bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Low Vitamin D Concentration is Associated with Increased Depression Risk in Adults 20-44 Years-Old, an NHANES 2007-2018 Data Analysis with a Focus on Perinatal and Breastfeeding Status
Authors: Hollinshead Victoria Rose Barri Benters , Piaskowski Julia L. , Chen Yimin
Published: May 2024

The objective was to investigate associations of serum vitamin D concentration with depressive symptoms and assess the impact vitamin D concentration has on the occurrence of depressive symptoms in 20–44-year-old pregnant mothers, postpartum mothers, women (non-pregnant/postpartum women), and men, including a separate subgroup analysis of postpartum breastfeeding and non-breastfeeding mothers. The study populations were selected from 2007-2018 NHANES public data. Subjective interview data and objective laboratory data, including depressive symptoms, serum vitamin D concentration, nutrient intake, and demographic information were utilized. Two diet patterns were created using principal component analysis and a Bayesian multinomial model was fit to predict depression outcomes for each subpopulation. The estimates for the log vitamin D slope parameter were negative for all cohorts; as vitamin D increased, the probability of having no depression increased, while the probability of depression decreased. The pregnant cohort had the steepest vitamin D slope, followed by postpartum, then other women and men. Higher vitamin D concentration had more impact on decreasing depression risk in pregnant and postpartum mothers compared to other women and men. Among postpartum mothers, higher vitamin D concentration had a greater influence on decreasing breastfeeding mothers' depression risk than non-breastfeeding mothers.
Surgical Correction of Infundibular Muscular Ventricular Septal Defect in a Cat: A Case Report
Authors: Aoki Takuma , Terakado Tomomi , Jingya Yao , Iwasaki Kentaro , Shimoda Hayato , Fukamachi Naoyuki , Miyamoto Takashi
Published: May 2024

This report elucidates the first surgical correction of an infundibular muscular ventricular septal defect (VSD) in a one-year-old Ragdoll cat via cardiac arrest using cardiopulmonary bypass, a method that is rarely used in feline cardiac surgery. VSDs can lead to congestive heart failure and pulmonary hypertension, particularly in patients with large shunts. This case involved a VSD that was atypically located and classified under the Soto classification instead of the standard Kirklin classification. Detailed echocardiography revealed that the defect required intervention owing to left heart and main pulmonary artery enlargement. Despite the VSD being located on the contralateral side, as anticipated in the preoperative examinations, the choice of median sternotomy allowed for successful closure of the defect. Conversely, the insertion of two cannulas into the ascending aorta resulted in damage to the adjacent thoracic duct, causing transient chylothorax, which resolved with conservative treatment. Cardiac arrest induced by a cardioplegic solution facilitated the surgical procedure, although it has led to anemia in cats. However, on postoperative day 490, the patient exhibited only minor residual shunting with normalized heart size, and remained healthy. This technique appears to be a viable treatment option for congenital heart disease in cats.
Integrating Building Information Modeling (BIM) and Life Cycle Cost Analysis (LCCA) to Evaluate the Economic Benefits of Designing Aging-in-Place Homes at the Conceptual Stage
Authors: Rostamiasl Vafa , Jrade Ahmad
Published: May 2024

This paper presents a methodology for the integration of Building Information Modeling (BIM) and Life Cycle Cost Analysis (LCCA) to assess the economic implications of designing aging-in-place (AIP) homes at the conceptual stage. With the global increase in the aging population, there is an increased demand for housing solutions tailored to the needs of elderly individuals. Focusing on the importance of the early phase of design, this study aims to improve the process of making efficient decisions by providing a comprehensive assessment of the life cycle costs associated with AIP homes. The study introduces a semi-automated model for the economic evaluation of AIP homes, enabling the estimation of costs throughout the houses’ entire life cycle, from design and construction to operation, maintenance, and eventual renovation or disposal. The said model facilitates the exploration of the long-term economic feasibility of design’s related decisions with an emphasis on the importance of considering the life cycle costs early during the design process to optimize the functionality and economic viability. By investing in accessible and universal design features upfront, the initial costs for modifications can lead to long-term savings by reducing the need for extensive retrofits. The model can easily do comparison between different design alternatives in terms of their lifecycle costs, allowing designers to assess the financial impact of using important features in their design such as wider doorways, accessible bathrooms, and elevators. Overall, this study provides valuable insights for designers and homeowners about the economic aspects of designing AIP homes as a support for efficient decision-making during the early stages of the design process.
Effects of  Phase and Annealing Twins on Mechanical Properties and Impact Toughness of L-PBF Inconel 718
Authors: Tucho Wakshum Mekonnen , Ohm Bjorn Andre , Canizalez Sebastian Andres Pedraza , Egeland Andreas , Mildt Martin Bernard , Nedreberg Mette Lokna , Hansen Vidar Folke
Published: May 2024

This study examines the effects of the δ phase and annealing twins on the hardness, Charpy impact toughness, and tensile properties of Inconel 718 fabricated using L-PBF. Two heat treatment methods, involving solid solution and precipitation hardening, were utilized. The δ phase was formed through solid solution heat treatment at 980C for 1 hour while annealing twins were generated at 1100C for 3 hours. After precipitation hardening, specimens with a higher concentration of  precipitates exhibited increased ultimate tensile strength (13%), yield strength (27%), and hardness (12%) compared to those with annealing twins. This can be attributed to the smaller grain size, subgrains, and δ precipitates, which contribute to the differences in mechanical strength. On the contrary, specimens with annealing twins showed significantly higher impact toughness (4 times) and ductility (twice) than those with δ precipitates. This is caused by the formation of  precipitates, which serve as sites for void formation and crack propagation, leading to a decrease in plasticity due to lattice mismatches with the matrix. Microstructural, compositional, phase, crystallographic, and fractographic analyzes were performed using OM, SEM, TEM and XRD techniques to identify the factors responsible for the variations in the measurements. The results demonstrate that the heat treatment method involving annealing twins significantly improves the ductility of Inconel 718 while maintaining the required mechanical strength.
Characterization of Micro-threaded Stem Taper Surface of Cementless Hip Endoprostheses
Authors: Dolinar Drago , Kocjančič Boštjan , Avsec Klemen , Šetina Batič Barbara , Kocijan Aleksandra , Godec Matjaz , Debeljak Mojca , Grant John T , Zupanc Timon , Jenko Monika
Published: May 2024

We investigated the micro-threaded stem taper surface and the impact on premature failures, aseptic loosening, and infection. We have focused on the fretting, and crevice corrosion of micro-threaded tapers, as well as the characterization of microstructure and surface properties of two new and three retrieved Zweymüller stem tapers of cementless hip endoprostheses selected from a set of 45 stems. The retrievals examined were those in which the sole source of modularity with a metallic component was the head-stem taper interface between the Ti alloy taper stem and the ceramic head. To determine the surface chemistry and microstructures of both new and retrieved hip endoprostheses stem taper titanium alloy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was employed for morphological and microstructural analyses. At the same time, energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) was utilized for characterizing chemical element distribution, and electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) was used for phase analysis. The micro-threated stem taper’s roughness for different manufacturers was investigated using an optical profilometer. Standard roughness pa-rameters Ra (average surface roughness) and Rz (mean peak to valley height of the roughness pro-file) were used in this investigation.Additionally, profile depth and peak spacing for different samples were investigated. The surface roughness results indicate no significant difference in roughness associated with varying survivorship times, ranging from 3 to 239 months, and across different manufacturers. Electrochemical studies revealed no fretting corrosion in retrieved stem tapers (ceramic head) that prematurely failed due to aseptic loosening after 239 months, infection after 3 months, and low-grade infection after a 32-month lifetime. Therefore, three retrieved ta-pers and two new ones for comparison underwent potentiodynamic measurements in Hank’s so-lution to ascertain the corrosion rate of new and retrieved stem taper surfaces. The results show a low corrosion rate for both new and retrieved samples that failed prematurely due to aseptic loosening. However, the corrosion rate of infected and low-grade infected tapers was higher. In conclusion, our study aligns with existing literature, suggesting that the use of ceramic heads de-creases the problem of taper corrosion and subsequently reduces premature failures in total hip arthroplasty.
Robust Trajectory Planning Of Gliding-Guided Projectiles With Weak Maneuverability
Authors: Yin Qiulin , Chen Qi , Wang Zhongyuan , Wang Qinghai
Published: May 2024

Due to constraints in launch platform and cost, the maneuverability of gliding-guided projectiles is limited, necessitating a rational design of their trajectory schemes. To reduce the sensitivity of trajectory schemes to uncertainties while ensuring compatibility between flight schemes and guidance control systems, and fully exploiting the control capability of the projectile, a closed-loop robust trajectory planning method is proposed. Models of major uncertain factors and states deviation at the control-start point are established. Based on the NIPCE method, the stochastic dynamic model is transformed into a high-dimensional deterministic model with PCE coefficients as state variables, and the uncertainty propagation law is obtained. A PID algorithm is employed to design a tracking guidance law based on position error feedback, and open-loop and closed-loop robust trajectory planning models are established accordingly. The optimal control problem is solved by transforming it into a nonlinear programming problem using the direct shooting method. Simulation results indicate that the NIPCE method can significantly improve the computational efficiency of uncertainty propagation while ensuring accuracy. Open-loop robust planning can effectively mitigate the sensitivity of gliding trajectories to uncertainties but cannot completely eliminate terminal dispersion. Closed-loop robust planning effectively improves control effort consumption on the basis of open-loop planning.
CTA Imaging of Peripheral Arterial Injuries
Authors: Tamburrini Stefania , Lassandro Giulia , Tiralongo Francesco , Iacobellis Francesca , Ronza Francesco , Liguori Carlo , Comune Rosita , Pezzullo Filomena , Galluzzo Michele , Masala Salvatore , Granata Vincenza , Basile Antonio , Scaglione Mariano
Published: May 2024

Traumatic vascular injuries consist in direct or indirect damage to arteries and/or veins and accounts for 3% of all traumatic injuries. Typical consequences are hemorrhage and ischemia.
Extremities vascular injuries can occur isolated or in association in major trauma with other organ injuries. They account for 1-2% of patients admitted to Emergency Department, for approximately 50% of all arterial injuries. Lower extremities are more frequently injured than the upper ones in adult population.
The outcome of vascular injuries is strictly correlated to the environment and the time background. Treatment can be challenging notably in polytrauma because of the dilemma of which injury should be prioritized and treatment delay can cause disability or even death especially for limb vascular injury.
Our purposes are to discuss the role of Computed Tomography Angiography (CTA) in the diagnosis of vascular trauma and its optimized protocol to achieve the definitive diagnosis, and to assess the radiological signs of vascular injuries and the possible pitfalls.
Recent Advances of 5G Technology Based on Patch Antenna: A Literature Review
Authors: Sacala Rhen John Rey , Arboleda Edwin
Published: May 2024

For their speed in data processing, low heights and cheapness, patch antennas are important to 5G networks. While there have been improvements in the area of bandwidth and size reduction; however, there are still problems that need to be fixed with regards achieving high data rates as well as wideband operation and compact sizes for 5G applications. In the coming years researchers should concentrate on materials optimization and feeding methods so that they can work efficiently at shorter wavelengths for next-generation systems while still covering all necessary bands.
Proof of the Riemann Hypothesis and the Modified Collatz Conjecture Using the Sophy-Peter Mathematical Framework
Authors: Ivanko Sofiia , Farag Peter
Published: May 2024

In this article, we present solutions for one of the oldest mathematical problems, the Collatz Conjecture, and provide a proof for the Riemann Hypothesis, utilizing a new number theory based on newly discovered number properties, which will also be presented in this paper. This is made possible through the Sophy-Peter mathematical framework, built upon this new number theory. The Collatz Conjecture will be disproven, but as an alternative, the Oscillating Theorem will be introduced, with its correctness proven within this article. Furthermore, we present the general version of the Riemann zeta function, developed based on the new number theory. The correctness of this function is verified by comparing it with existing results of the zeta function. Using this approach and the Sophy-Peter framework, we have successfully proven the Riemann Hypothesis, long considered a millennium problem. Moreover, since the general zeta function is proven, this implies the correctness of the new number theory and the Sophy-Peter framework.
Potential Impact of Metabolic Syndrome Control on Cardiovascular Risk in Elderly Patients with Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Nascimento Tânia , Espírito-Santo Margarida , Gonçalves Adriana , Pinto Ezequiel , De Sousa-Coelho Ana Luísa , Estêvão Maria Dulce
Published: May 2024

Metabolic syndrome (MS), a complex pathology with features like abnormal body fat distribution, insulin resistance, and dyslipidaemia, contributes to higher cardiovascular (CV) risk. A cross-sectional study including 87 individuals, assessed CV risk in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes and MS in Algarve, Portugal. The 10-year CV risk was estimated using the ADVANCE risk score calculator. The reductions in CV risk were estimated by adjusting the data inputted on the online tool to achieve systolic blood pressure (SBP) <130 or <120 mmHg, and LDL-cholesterol <70 mg/dL. Beyond waist circumference, the mean number of clinical features of MS was 3.14±0.84, without significant sex differences. The mean CV risk was 22.5% (CI: 20.3-24.7). Sex-specific analysis showed higher risk in males (24.2%, CI: 21.3-27.0) vs. females (19.7%, CI: 16.2-23.3; p=0.028). Hypothetical risk reductions show that lowering SBP to <130 mmHg could significantly lower the risk by an average of 9.2% (CI: 7.7-10.7), whereas 34.5% of the participants would be out of the diagnostic criteria for MS. When comparing each potential intervention with current risk, all interventions significantly reduce the 10-years CV risk. The study highlights the potential of blood pressure control in reducing CV risk and the importance of multifaceted risk reduction strategies.
Ensemble Deep Learning-Based Image Classification for Breast Cancer Subtype and Invasiveness Diagnosis from Whole Slide Image Histopathology
Authors: Balasubramanian Aadhi , Al-Heejawi Salah Mohammed Awad , Singh Akarsh , Breggia Anne , Ahmad Bilal , Christman Robert , Stephen T. Ryan , Amal Saeed
Published: May 2024

Cancer diagnosis and classification are pivotal for effective patient management and treatment planning. In this study, we present a comprehensive approach utilizing ensemble deep learning techniques to analyze breast cancer histopathology images. Our datasets are based on two widely employed datasets from different centers for two different tasks: BACH and BreakHis. Within the BACH Dataset, we deployed an ensemble strategy incorporating VGG16 and ResNet50 architec-tures to achieve precise classification of breast cancer histopathology images. Introducing a novel image patching technique, to preprocess a high-resolution image, which facilitates focused analysis of localized regions of interest. The annotated BACH dataset encompasses 400 WSIs across four distinct classes: Normal, Benign, In Situ Carcinoma, and Invasive Carcinoma. In addition, we employed the BreakHis dataset, utilizing VGG16, ResNet34, and ResNet50 models to classify mi-croscopic images into eight distinct categories (four benign and four malignant). For both models we leveraged a five-fold cross-validation approach for rigorous training and testing. Preliminary ex-perimental results indicate a Patch classification accuracy of 95.31% (on BACH dataset) and WSI image classification accuracy of 98.43% (BreakHis). This research significantly contributes to on-going endeavors in harnessing artificial intelligence to advance breast cancer diagnosis, potentially fostering improved patient outcomes and alleviating healthcare burdens.
Literature Review on Milimeter-Wave Antenna Array Designs for 5G Communication
Authors: Monares Klyde Adriane , Ebones Ian Rafael , Arboleda Edwin
Published: May 2024

In this literature review, discusses the advancements in antenna design for 5G mm-wave communication, particularly in the 28 GHz frequency band. It highlights the significance of millimeter-wave technology in addressing the increasing demands on wireless networks, emphasizing the potential for achieving unprecedented data rates, ultra-low latency, and enhanced spectral efficiency. The literature review explores the current state of research on mmWave technology, antenna array technology, and potential implications for mobile broadband applications, including 5G and future 6G networks. It presents insights into novel antenna designs, such as a single layer MIMO antenna and a multiple input multiple output dielectric resonator antenna, both aimed at supporting a wide range of frequencies and applications in the mm-wave spectrum. It discusses the challenges associated with mmWave antenna arrays, offering valuable insights into the current state of research in this domain.
Beyond 5G: A Comprehensive Exploration of 6G Wireless Communication Technologies
Authors: Siddiky Md Nurul Absar , Rahman Muhammad Enayetur , Uzzal Md Shahriar
Published: May 2024

As the telecommunications landscape braces for the post-5G era, this paper embarks on delineating the foundational pillars and pioneering visions that define the trajectory towards 6G wireless communication systems. Recognizing the insatiable demand for higher data rates, enhanced connectivity, and broader network coverage, we unravel the evolution from the existing 5G infrastructure to the nascent 6G framework, setting the stage for transformative advancements anticipated in the 2030s. Our discourse navigates through the intricate architecture of 6G, highlighting the paradigm shifts towards super convergence, non-IP-based networking protocols, and information-centric net-works, all underpinned by a robust 360-degree cybersecurity and privacy-by-engineering design. Delving into the core of 6G, we articulate a systematic exploration of the key technologies earmarked to revolutionize wireless communication including terahertz (THz) waves, optical wireless technology, and dynamic spectrum management,while elucidating the intricate tradeoffs necessitated by the integration of such innovations. This paper not only lays out a comprehensive 6G vision accentuated by high security, affordability, and intelligence but also charts the course for addressing the pivotal challenges of spectrum efficiency, energy consumption, and the seamless integration of emerging technologies. In this study, our goal is to enrich the existing discussions and research efforts by providing comprehen-sive insights into the development of 6G technology, ultimately supporting the creation of a thoroughly connected future world that meets evolving demands.
Numerical Study of Concrete: A Mesoscopic Scale Simulation Methodology
Authors: Fernández-Muñiz Zulima , Montero-Chacón Francisco , Martínez Mar Alonso , Coz-Diaz Juan José del , Pérez Carlos López-Colina , López-Gayarre Fernando
Published: May 2024

This study is dedicated to understanding and simulating the mechanical properties of concrete, with a specific focus on the mesoscopic scale. Investigating concrete at this level involves examining its composition as a heterogeneous amalgamation comprising mortar, aggregates, and the interfacial transition zone (ITZ). Such an approach provides a detailed examination of the material's behavior and attributes. Numerical models are utilized, leveraging the finite element method (FEM), to examine the behavior of concrete. The study employs MATLAB programming to develop three-dimensional models, subsequently subjected to FEM analysis. Various mesoscopic Representative Volume Elements (RVEs) are formulated, encompassing varied shapes and dimensions. The MATLAB framework generates input files for numerical FEM simulations, replicating compression strength tests. As complexity increases with the inclusion of the ITZ, prismatic RVEs are developed. The proposed mesoscopic model establishes a foundational framework for a numerical simulation methodology tailored to laboratory compression tests. It provides detailed insights into concrete behavior, elucidating deformation, and fracture mechanisms. Although not a complete substitute for experimental methods, these models offer a cost-effective and expeditious alternative, pinpointing vulnerable areas and exploring the implications of additional materials on concrete behavior. Experimental data and virtual tests pave the way for mitigating carbon footprint and improving concrete sustainability.
Cloning and Mutagenesis of ampC Encoding for β–lactamase in Pseudomonas aeruginosa to Identify Potential Allosteric Binding Sites on β–Lactamase
Authors: Bhat Shriya
Published: May 2024

The opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa is responsible for numerous chronic infections and has a case fatality rate of 50%. All P. aeruginosa strains express β–lactamase, an enzyme capable of inactivating β–lactam antibiotics, including penicillins. However, β–lactams are still considered desirable therapeutics by physicians due to their low toxicity. The short-term goal of this study was to create an optimal model for ampC expression in P. aeruginosa and determine the selecting antibiotic to be used during mutagenesis. In the long term, this study aims to renew effectiveness of β–lactams by identifying potential allosteric binding sites on β–lactamase for the development of novel β–lactamase inhibitors. To create a system for ampC expression, the chromosomal P. aeruginosa ampC gene encoding for β–lactamase was cloned into Escherichia coli, then conjugated into P. aeruginosa ∆ampC. β– lactamase assays on recombinant E. coli and P. aeruginosa detected much higher production of β–lactamase in pMMB67HE, which was confirmed with antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST) to numerous β-lactams. From AST, carbenicillin was chosen as the antibiotic to select functional β–lactamase production during mutagenesis. Future work includes conducting mutagenesis on ampC to identify allosteric binding sites on the β–lactamase enzyme that may enable the discovery of new β–lactamase inhibitors. This work allows for the development of novel β–lactamase inhibitors that could renew the utility of β–lactams and drastically reduce morbidity and mortality from chronic Pseudomonas infections.
The Most Used Methods of Chrome Extraction from Leather Polymer Wastes
Authors: Codreanu (Manea) Ana-Maria Nicoleta , Stefan Daniela Simina , Kim Lidia , Stefan Mircea
Published: May 2024

The leather industry is one of the most polluting industries in the world due to the large amounts of waste following the raw hides processing, but also due to the high content of chemicals present in their composition. The main problem of chromium-tanned leather solid waste is related to their storage, because of the ability of chromium to leach in soil or water, and also owing to the high ability of trivalent chromium to oxidize to its toxic form, hexavalent chromium. The purpose of this study is to present the latest methods for extracting trivalent chromium from the composition of solid leather wastes. The extraction methods identified in the present study are based on acid/basic/enzymatic hydrolysis and substitution with the help of organic chelators (organic acids and organic acid salts). In addition, the study includes a comparative analysis between the advantages and disadvantages of each identified extraction method. At the same time, the study also presentes alternative chromium extraction methods based on the combination of conventional extraction methods and ultrasound-assisted extraction.
On Efficiency of Two-Degree-of-Freedom Galloping Energy Harvesters with Two Transducers
Authors: Sarbinowski Filip , Starosta Roman
Published: May 2024

This paper examines the energy efficiency of three variations of the two-degree-of-freedom transverse galloping energy harvester. These variants differ in the number and placement of electromechanical transducers. By utilizing the harmonic balance method, limit cycles of mathematical models of devices were determined. Analytical expressions derived from models were then used to formulate the efficiency of the systems. It was demonstrated that efficiency depends on flow speed and can be comprehensively characterized by four criteria parameters: peak efficiency, denoting the maximum efficiency of the system, and high efficiency bandwidth, which describes the range of flow velocities within which the efficiency remains at no less than 90% of peak efficiency. The values of these parameters are heavily reliant on the speed at which the system achieves peak efficiency—referred to as the nominal speed nominal speed, which in turn is related to the critical speed of the system. Comparative analysis revealed that only the two-degree-of-freedom device equipped with two electromechanical transducers can potentially outperform a simple one-degree-of-freedom system in terms of efficiency.
Effects of Adding Sphingomonas Z392 to Drinking Water on Growth Performance, Intestinal Histological Structure and Microbial Community of Broiler Chickens
Authors: Wang Mingcheng , Zhong Jie , Guo Yanan , Zhao Shuqiang , Xia Huili , Wang Gailing , Liu Chaoying , Guo Aizhen
Published: May 2024

Probiotics have emerged as a prominent alternative to antibiotics in antimicrobial-free broiler farming. To assess the effect of the probiotics Sphingomonas sp. Z392 isolated and identified by this this laboratory on broiler growth, we conducted a study to examine the changes in broiler body weight, EPI, intestinal histological structure and gut microbiota. The results showed that supplementation of broiler drinking water with 4 × 105 CFU/mL of Sphingomonas resulted in an increase in the relative abundance of Lactobacillus, Bacteroides, Lachnospiraceae, Aminobacterium, Oribacterium, Christensenellaceae, Faecalibacterium, Barnesiella, Ruminococcus, Parabacteroides, Phascolarctobacterium, Butyricicoccaceae, and Caproiciproducens, which were reported to be positively correlated with the digestion and absorption of broiler chickens. The relative abundance was increased of Odoribacter, Alistipes, Parabacteroides, and Rikenellaceae, which were reported to be negatively correlated with the occurrence of intestinal diseases. The relative abundance was decreased of Campylobacter, Shigella Castellani, Bilophila, Campylobacter, Clostridia, and Anaerotruncus, which were reported positively correlated with the occurrence of intestinal diseases. At the same time, it was increased in the integrity of small intestinal villus morphology, the number of goblet cells in small intestinal epithelial cells, the health of mitochondria in the cytoplasm of jejunal villous epithelial cells, and the number of lysosomes in the cytoplasm of goblet cells in small intestinal epithelium, ileal villous epithelial cells, mitochondria in the cytoplasm of large intestinal villous epithelial cells, the VH/CD of the ileum, digestive, absorption, and defense capabilities. Especially the final weight was increased by 4.33% and the EPI increased by 10.10%. Therefore, the supplementation of broiler drinking water with Sphingomonas generated better economic benefits for the broiler chickens.
Development of a Predictive Model for Evaluation of the Influence of Various Parameters on the Performance of an Oscillating Water Column Device
Authors: Sfravara Felice , Barberi Emmanuele , Bongiovanni Giacomo , Chillemi Massimiliano , Brusca Sebastian
Published: May 2024

An Oscillating Water Column device, specifically a Savonius turbine, underwent comprehensive testing within an air duct to evaluate its performance under varying rotational speeds, flow directions, and the presence of power augmenters positioned both in front of and behind the device. The experimental setup involved the utilization of load cells and pressure transducers, with their data utilized to calculate pressure differentials across the turbine and torque. Subsequently, a predictive model based on decision trees was developed using Machine Learning. This model was then used to analyze the influence of various features on predicting the pressure difference, considered as the output. The results of the validation (10-fold cross-validation) and test phases were thoroughly investigated. Moreover, obtaining a predictive model allows for the exploration of different scenarios without relying solely on physical experimentation, thereby broadening the scope for further testing.
Flexibility Working Space di Lingkungan Direktorat Jenderal Bea dan Cukai: Dampak bagi Kinerja Organisasi
Authors: Husnia Rifqi Yulan , Nasution Vivi Indra Amelia
Published: May 2024

Flexible Working Space (FWS) is an alternative to new working patterns that began to be widely applied since the Covid 19 Pandemic. FWS is implemented by private agencies and the government, such as the Directorate General of Customs and Excise (DJBC) of the Ministry of Finance. Therefore, this study intends to explain how implementing Workplace Flexibility impacts the performance achievements of the Directorate General of Customs and Excise (DJBC). This research will juxtapose data from DGCE performance reports from 2018 to 2022. Interviews, literature studies, and other official documents support this research. The collected data were analyzed using a qualitative descriptive method. The result is that implementing flexible working space has led DJBC to achieve an Excellent Predicat of Organizational Performance Value. Either performance indicator with a significant role is the realization of state revenue in customs and excise. This is proven by realizing achievements that continue to increase yearly. Thus, it shows that organizational performance does not have a negative impact due to the implementation of Flexible Working Space at DJBC.
Strong Correlation Between Standing Long-Leg Radiographs and CT Scans in Measuring Coronal Knee Alignment
Authors: Fontalis Andreas , Luyckx Thomas , Vanspauwen Thomas , Moreels Robin , Mancino Fabio , Raj Rhody David , Winnock de Grave Philip , Plastow Ricci , Putzeys Pierre , Haddad Fares S.
Published: May 2024

Background:

The objective of this study was to evaluate the correlation in measurements of the lower-limb coronal alignment between long-leg radiographs (LLRs) and computed tomography (CT) scanograms that were made during preoperative planning for robotic-arm-assisted knee arthroplasty. On the basis of published evidence demonstrating a good correlation between these imaging modalities in measuring the lower-limb mechanical axis, we hypothesized that there would be no significant differences between the 2 in the present study.

Methods:

This multicenter cohort study across 3 tertiary centers included 300 patients undergoing primary robotic-arm-assisted total knee arthroplasty (TKA) or unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) for whom LLRs and CT scanograms were available preoperatively. The study involved measuring the medial proximal tibial angle (MPTA), lateral distal femoral angle (LDFA), hip-knee-ankle angle (HKA), joint line obliquity (JLO), joint-line convergence angle (JLCA), and arithmetic HKA (aHKA). The aHKA represents a method for estimating constitutional alignment using angles that are unaffected by joint-space narrowing.

Results:

Strong correlations (p < 0.001) between the imaging modalities were found for the HKA (correlation coefficient, 0.912), aHKA (0.883), MPTA (0.820), LDFA (0.871), and JLO (0.778). A weaker correlation was observed for the JLCA in valgus knees as compared with varus knees (Spearman coefficients, 0.412 and 0.518, respectively). Regression models demonstrated that the degree of agreement was associated with the preoperative intra-articular deformity and the positioning of the lower limb during the CT scan (i.e., the lower-limb rotational angle). An initial JLCA within ±5° was associated with higher agreement.

Conclusions:

We observed a strong correlation between LLRs and CT scanograms that were made during the preoperative planning stage of robotic-arm-assisted knee arthroplasty, implying that CT scanograms can reliably be utilized to estimate the coronal alignment of the knee, potentially replacing the need for LLRs. Nevertheless, to attain a higher degree of agreement, it is crucial to ensure appropriate radiographic positioning of the lower limb. Additionally, surgeons must remain vigilant regarding potential discrepancies in cases involving substantial deformities.

Level of Evidence:

Prognostic Level II. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
URBANIZAÇÃO, MORADIA E DESIGUALDADE SOCIOESPACIAL
Authors: Machado Rodrigo , Rodrigues Jovenildo , Fernandes Rui
Published: May 2024

O limiar do século XXI vem sendo marcado por um acelerado processo de transformações socioespaciais na Amazônia paraense, como produto da urbanização induzida pelo Estado, bem como, pelo avanço da reestruturação urbana e ampliação das desigualdades socioespaciais nas cidades paraenses. Neste sentido, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar como vem se configurando as desigualdades socioespaciais na produção da moradia em Parauapebas, a partir dos anos de 2000. O método de investigação consistiu em abordagem embasada no materialismo histórico e dialético. Como procedimentos metodológicos, realizamos levantamento e análise bibliográfica e documental, produção cartográfica, observações sistemáticas qualitativas, registros fotográficos e entrevistas semiestruturadas com representantes do poder público e com moradores da cidade. Com efeito, os elementos apresentados nesta pesquisa permitem afirmar que os processos de urbanização induzida pelo Estado e reestruturação urbana, vem contribuindo para a ratificação do padrão de desigualdades socioespaciais, com expressões na produção da moradia e habitação na cidade de Parauapebas.
SISTEMA DE PROTEÇÃO E DEFESA CIVIL
Authors: Guimarães David Franklin da Silva , Vasconcelos Monica Alves , Ferreira Fernanda Sousa , Pereira Henrique dos Santos
Published: May 2024

A maior ocorrência de eventos hidrológicos extremos no Amazonas resultou em um número crescente de desastres ambientais fluviais no estado. Com este crescimento da procura, compreender o funcionamento do sistema de proteção e defesa civil do estado é de extrema importância para compreender a capacidade de resposta do estado. O presente estudo teve como objetivo analisar as estruturas e as inter-relações das redes de governança do sistema de proteção e defesa civil no Amazonas (SEPDEC). Para alcançar a finalidade dessa pesquisa foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica sobre o assunto, entrevistas semiestruturadas com os atores do SEPDEC e elaboração da rede social organizacional de parte da instituição. No SEPDEC existe uma desburocratização no fluxo de informação, fato que é revelado pelo número de conexões entre os diferentes atores da rede. O Subcomando de ações de defesa civil já dispõe de canais para a participação de outras entidades dentro da governança do sistema, mas a desatualização da política de proteção e defesa civil no Amazonas ainda dificulta o fortalecimento da rede. De acordo com os atores do sistema um entrave para a consolidação da política de proteção e defesa civil no Amazonas está na falta de entendimento do governo federal acerca das especificidades da Amazônia. Logo, o SEPDEC no Amazonas precisa ser fortalecido para a melhoria da gestão de desastres e aumento da resiliência no estado do Amazonas.
CIDADE DAS MULHERES? A GEOGRAFIA DA VIOLÊNCIA CONTRA AS MULHERES EM SANTA MARIA/RS
Authors: Pizzuti Savian Carla , Lampert Batista Natália , Pinós da Costa Benhur
Published: May 2024

A cidade é produto histórico, social e econômico das relações sociais, sendo um espaço em constante reestruturação (SPOSITO, 2002). Nessa perspectiva, determinantes históricos, econômicos e sociais são importantes. Diante disso, o presente trabalho aborda a relação entre violência contra as mulheres e o (não) Direito à Cidade, em Santa Maria, no Rio Grande do Sul. Ademais, no trabalho, reflete-se sobre como determinantes históricos e sociais, como as relações sociais nos sistemas capitalista e patriarcal negam o acesso das mulheres à vida urbana. Como objetivo geral, propõe-se discutir a relação entre os casos de violência contra as mulheres e o (não) Direito à Cidade, em Santa Maria/RS, durante o período de 2018 ao primeiro semestre de 2022. Além disso, utiliza-se metodologia quantitativa, cartografando e analisando dados de registros de ameaça, lesão corporal, assédio e importunação sexual contra as mulheres na Delegacia Especializada no Atendimento à Mulher (DEAM/SM/RS). Com a presente pesquisa, identificou-se lugares de maior ocorrência dos crimes citados, e que representam perigo para mulheres moradoras de Santa Maria. Por fim, percebe-se que os casos de violência registrados no município fazem parte de um conjunto de práticas que segregam as mulheres, produzindo e reproduzindo espaços de maior ocorrência desses crimes e espaços que são localidades de medo, os quais as mulheres passam a não frequentar.
CRIANÇAS MIGRANTES E REFUGIADAS DA VENEZUELA:
Authors: Castro de Almeida Carlos Vinícius , Silveira Porto Gil Carlos
Published: May 2024

As dinâmicas populacionais contemporâneas no Brasil revelam que o país se tornou uma das principais rotas da diáspora venezuelana. Com um número expressivo de deslocados, grande parte do grupo é formada por mulheres e crianças. No intuito de lançar luz sobre este último grupo demográfico, este escrito tem por objetivo geral analisar os processos de uso do território por crianças migrantes e refugiadas da Venezuela, considerando as práticas espaciais por elas produzidas no centro de acolhida Casa Bom Samaritano em Brasília-DF. Ademais, busca-se analisar o modo como elas formam, neste território, lugares de resistência, integração, adaptação e aprendizagem, promovendo a construção do sentimento de pertencimento. A utilização da categoria território usado, iniciada por Milton Santos na década de 1990, configura uma das possibilidades de estudo do espaço geográfico por meio da imigração no contexto do período da globalização. Para o desenvolvimento desta pesquisa qualitativa, além da revisão bibliográfica com a temática da migração internacional e de conceitos geográficos, foram coletados dados secundários fornecidos pela Casa Bom Samaritano, realizadas visitas de campo e desenvolvida pesquisa etnográfica com crianças acolhidas na Casa. O território usado pelas crianças da Casa Bom Samaritano constitui um meio pelo qual se iniciam processos de inclusão, integração e inserção na sociedade brasileira, onde a solidariedade se constitui em prática potente nesse processo.
Association between impairment of lung function and risk of anxiety and depression in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease - A systematic review
Authors: Karlsen Johanne Hermann , Jørgensen Kirstine Hermann , Weinreich Ulla Møller
Published: May 2024

Background: This systematic review aims to evaluate the association between impairment of pulmonary function, anxiety and depression in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
Methods: Literature search were performed using Embase and PubMed. Publications reporting association between forced expiratory volume in one second in percentage of expected value (FEV1(%)) and anxiety or depression in patients with COPD were included.
Results: 31 studies were included in the review, 15 allocated to anxiety group and 31 allocated to the depression group. Most were observational studies. Study population sizes ranged from 40 to 2147 patients. Three studies found a significant negative association between anxiety and FEV1(%), while five studies found a positive non-significant association between anxiety and FEV1(%). Fifteen studies found a significant negative association between FEV1(%) and depression. Especially the studies with larger study population sizes showed significant results.
Conclusion: This systematic review did not support an association between anxiety and impairment of pulmonary function as only 3/15 studies showed significant negative associations and some studies showed positive associations. This review indicated an association between depression and impairment pulmonary function in patients with COPD, as most studies with a larger study population size showed a significant negative association.
Registration: PROSPERO 2024 CRD42024506065
Clinical effect of sleeve gastrectomy on Helicobacter pylori infection in patients with obesity and diabetes mellitus
Authors: Ahn Yong Ju , Park Young Suk , Ahn Kung , Yun Kyeongeui , Jeong Jinuk , Baek Kyung-Wan , Kim Hyung-Ho , Han Kyudong
Published: May 2024

Obesity and diabetes mellitus (DM) have become public health concerns worldwide. Both conditions have severe consequences and are associated with significant medical costs and productivity loss. Additionally, Helicobacter pylori infection may be a risk factor for the development of these conditions. However, whether eradicating H. pylori infection directly causes weight loss or improves insulin sensitivity is unknown. In this study, we confirmed the effect of sleeve gastrectomy according to the state of the gastric microbiota in 40 patients with obesity, DM, and H. pylori infection. Patients with obesity were divided into four groups: non-DM without H. pylori infection (ND), non-DM with H. pylori infection (ND-HP), DM, and DM with H. pylori infection (DM-HP) using 16S V3–V4 sequencing. In the DM group, ALT, hemoglobin, HbA1c, blood glucose, and HSI significantly decreased, whereas high-density lipoprotein significantly increased. However, in the H. pylori-positive group, no significant difference was observed. The diversity of gastric microbiota decreased in the order of the ND > DM > ND-HP > DM-HP groups. We also conducted a correlation analysis between the pre-operative microbes and clinical data. In the ND-HP group, most of the top 20 gastric microbiota were negatively correlated with glucose metabolism. However, H. pylori infection was positively correlated with pre-insulin levels. Therefore, these findings indicate that patients with obesity and diabetes clearly benefit from surgery, but H. pylori infection may also affect clinical improvement.
GLP-1 and Its Derived Peptides Mediate Pain Relief Through Direct TRPV1 Inhibition Without Affecting Thermoregulation
Authors: Park Chul-Kyu , Go Eun Jin , Jo Hyunjung , Hwang Sung-Min , Rahman Md. Mahbubur , Park Jaeik , Lee Ji Yeon , Jo Youn Yi , Jung YunJae , Berta Temugin , Kim Yong Ho
Published: May 2024

Hormonal regulation during food ingestion and its association with pain prompted the investigation of the impact of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) on the transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1). Both endogenous and synthetic GLP-1 and an antagonist of GLP-1, exendin 9–39, reduced heat sensitivity in naïve mice. GLP-1-derived peptides (liraglutide, exendin-4, and exendin 9–39) effectively inhibited capsaicin (CAP)-induced currents and calcium responses in cultured sensory neurons and TRPV1-expressing cell lines. Notably, the exendin 9–39 alleviated CAP-induced acute pain, as well as chronic pain induced by complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA) and spared nerve injury (SNI) in mice, without causing hyperthermia associated with other TRPV1 inhibitors. Electrophysiological analyses revealed that exendin 9–39 binds to the extracellular side of TRPV1, functioning as a noncompetitive inhibitor of CAP. Exendin 9–39 did not affect proton-induced TRPV1 activation, suggesting its selective antagonism. Among exendin 9–39 fragments, exendin 20–29 specifically binds to TRPV1, alleviating pain in both acute and chronic pain models without interfering with GLP-1R function. Our study revealed a novel role for GLP-1 and its derivatives in pain relief, proposing exendin 20–29 as a promising therapeutic candidate.