bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PHYTOCHEMICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF ANTHRAQUINONES OF RHEUM AUSTRALE D. DON
Authors: Hartanti Dwi , Cahyani Arinda Nur
Published: February 2021

Anthraquinones are phenolic compounds known best for their laxative activity. Rheum australe D. Don (Indian rhubarb, Polygonaceae) is a prominent medicinal plant with anthraquinones as the bioactive compounds, among a few others. The online literature search was carried out to collect data on the phytochemistry and pharmacological activity of anthraquinones, particularly those isolated from R. australe. Anthraquinones are commonly found in the genera of Rheum, Senna, Aloe, Frangula, and Rubia, which can be quantitatively and qualitatively determined using both conventional and advanced analytical methods. The anthraquinones of R. australe were found in free and glycosidic forms, which were best extracted by the microwave-assisted extraction method. Various chromatographic techniques were commonly conducted to isolate the pure compounds. In addition to its laxative activity, anthraquinones of R. australe also showed potential antibacterial, cytotoxic, and antioxidant properties.
Izyaslav Moiseyevich Kerzhner (6 March 1936 – 29 May 2008)
Authors: Emeljanov A. , Medvedev G. , Bogutskaya N. , Korotyaev B. , Nikolayeva S.
Published: February 2021

Izyaslav Moiseyevich Kerzhner – entomologist, Professor and Chief Researcher of the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, a Commissioner of the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature.
Taxonomy of Podoscirtinae (Orthoptera: Gryllidae). Part 7: Australo-Oceanian Aphonoidini and geography of the tribe
Authors: Gorochov A.V.
Published: February 2021

Australo-Oceanian species of the tribe Aphonoidini belonging to 8 genera are considered. Brief characteristics of several its taxa described previously (including revision of type material for a few species, designation of lectotype for Mistshenkoana unicolor, and news on distribution) are given. 3 new genera, 6 new subgenera, and 65 new species are described. A preliminary hypothesis on the historical geography of Aphonoidini is discussed.
Identification of the Learning Choices of Undergraduate Students in District Bahawalpur
Authors: Fatima Safura , Rasheed Sidra , Sundas Tehrima
Published: February 2021

Aim of the study was to identify the learning choices of undergraduate students. The key objectives of the study were (a) to examine the Impact of learning choices on academic achievement, (b) to find out the factors that influence the learning choices of undergraduate students. Nature of the study was descriptive, and the survey was used to explore the reasons from the students about their learning choices. Total 240 BS Students from Higher Education Institutions of District Bahawalpur were selected randomly. The questionnaire was the main source of collecting information from undergraduate students. Results of the study identified that majority of the undergraduate students face difficulty in choosing the right learning course while less than half of the students were satisfied with their learning choices.
Natural Disaster Reporting: A Content Analysis of Locust Infestation Coverage in Pakistani Newspaper
Authors: Bajwa Amir , Iftikhar Ifra , Sultana Irem
Published: February 2021

This study was undertaken to find issues and problems in quality assurance practices in public and private sector higher education institutes of Punjab Pakistan. There was a total of 156 faculty members (male & female) in the selected four departments of 10 selected universities (5 from public and five from private) which constitute an accessible population of this study. All the teachers and head of departments of those selected departments were the respondents of this study. The self-constructed instrument was validated by expert opinion and pilot testing. The responses of the faculty members were measured with the help of frequency and their percentages, mean and standard deviations. Each table is formed on the basis of the variables of the study. It was concluded that the biggest hurdle in quality assurance identified by this research is the unavailability of data for quality assurance. It was recommended by the researcher that the financing system by the HEC should be revised to even the playing field even more. This could be done by expanding the needs-based scholarship program for students attending private HEIs.
Поширеність депресивних розладів серед хворих на цукровий діабет, які мешкають у зоні АТО та в інших областях України
Authors: Tkach S.M.
Published: February 2021

Мета — визначити поширеність депресивних розладів серед хворих на цукровий діабет, які мешкають у зоні проведення АТО (антитерористичної операції) та в інших областях України поза зоною ведення військових дій. Матеріал і методи. Обстежено 253 хворих на цукровий діабет 1-го (ЦД1) і 2-го типів (ЦД2) середньої та тяжкої форм із різних областей України, у тому числі 30 пацієнтів із зони АТО, які перебували на стаціонарному лікуванні в діабетологічному відділенні ДУ «Інститут ендокринології та обміну речовин ім. В.П. Комісаренка НАМН України». Оцінку психоемоційного стану проводили опитуванням хворих за шкалами Бека та PHQ‑9. Результати. За даними опитування хворих, які мешкали в різних областях поза зоною АТО, депресивні розлади зареєстровано в 150 з 230 хворих (67,3%) за шкалою Бека та в 136 пацієнтів (61,0%) — за шкалою PHQ‑9. Водночас серед 30 обстежених, які мешкали в зоні АТО, депресивну симптоматику виявлено в 16 (53,3%) за шкалою Бека та в 19 (63,3%) — за шкалою PHQ‑9, що не склало суттєвої різниці з групою хворих з інших областей України (p>0,05). Серед 150 хворих із депресією які мешкали поза зоною АТО, за шкалою Бека діагностовано депресивний синдром різного ступеня: у 76 (50,2%) — легкого, у 33 (22,0%) — помірного, у 32 (21,3%) — вираженого та в 9 (6,0%) — тяжкого. За шкалою PHQ‑9 у 78 (57,4%) з 150 осіб знайдено мінімальні прояви депресії, у 37 (27,2%) — легку, у 12 (8,8%) — виражену (середньої тяжкості) та в 9 (6,6%) — тяжку депресія. Серед 16 хворих із зони АТО з виявленою депресією за шкалою Бека спостерігалася депресивна симптоматика: у 8 — легкого ступеня, у 2 — помірного, у 4 — виражена та у 2 пацієнтів — тяжка. За шкалою PHQ‑9 у більшості з них (9 пацієнтів)знайдено мінімальні прояви депресії: у 7– легку, в 1 — виражену депресію та у 2 хворих — тяжку. Проведений аналіз показав відсутність статистичної різниці в розподіленні пацієнтів за ступенем тяжкості депресії між хворими із зони АТО та тими, хто мешкають в інших областях України (р>0,05). Висновки. Депресивні розлади є досить частими серед стаціонарних хворих на ЦД — вони виявляються в 61,0-67,3% випадків. Негативні соціальні чинники, пов’язані з мешканням у зоні АТО протягом 6-18 міс., суттєво не вплинули ані на частоту, ані на ступінь депресивного синдрому, що може вказувати на незалежний характер депресивних розладів на тлі ЦД.
Гістопатологічний аналіз випадкових папілярних тиреоїдних карцином за хвороби Грейвса на тлі дифузного зоба та результати післяопераційного спостереження за пацієнтами
Authors: Zurnadzhy L.Yu. , Buldygina Yu.V. , Chernyshov S.V. , Bolgov M.Yu. , Bogdanova T.I.
Published: February 2021

Мета — порівняти гістопатологічні характеристики випадкових папілярних тиреоїдних карцином (ВПТК) за хвороби Грейвса (ХГ) з дифузним зобом (ДЗ), виявлених під час макроскопічного опису післяопераційного матеріалу (макровипадкові папілярні тиреоїдні карциноми — МВПТК) і виключно за мікроскопічного дослідження гістологічних препаратів (справжні окультні папілярні тиреоїдні карциноми — СОПТК); з’ясувати можливі відмінності в післяопераційному перебігу захворювання в пацієнтів із МВПТК і СОПТК. Матеріал і методи. Проведено порівняльний гістопатологічний аналіз 16 МВПТК та 31 СОПТК, виявлених у 47 хворих із ХГ на тлі ДЗ, яких було прооперовано протягом періоду з 2008 по 2019 рік. Порівняно результати післяопераційного спостереження пацієнтів щодо застосування радіойодтерапії (РЙТ) та наявності рецидивів ВПТК. Результати. Усі досліджені ВПТК не перевищували за розміром 10 мм. Частота МВПТК була вірогідно нижчою, ніж СОПТК (34% проти 66%, р=0,0036; шанс ризику (OR)=0,26). Середній розмір пухлини, навпаки, був більшим у першій групі, ніж у другій (5,8±1,2 проти 2,8±1,2 мм, р<0,0001). Жодних істотних відмінностей у домінантнійархітектоніці пухлин чи їхніх інвазійних характеристиках між двома групами не простежувалося, окрім вірогідно частіших ознак інтратиреоїдного розповсюдження МВПТК порівняно із СОПТК (37,5% проти 6,5%, р<0,0130; OR=8,70). Жодна з пухлин в обох групах не мала ознак екстратиреоїдного розповсюдження, усі ВПТК належали до рТ1а категорії відповідно до 8-го видання TNM класифікації. Тривалість післяопераційного спостереженняпацієнтів вірогідно не відрізнялася в обох групах і становила 3,9±2,7 проти 4,2±3,3 року (р=0,9999). Тринадцять із 47 пацієнтів (27,7%) пройшли курс післяопераційної РЙТ, за якої в жодного пацієнта не було виявлено регіонарних чи віддалених метастазів. Також не зафіксовано випадків локальних чи регіонарних рецидивів ВПТК. Висновки. Усі ВПТК за ХГ на тлі ДЗ були мікрокарциномами розміром до 10 мм. МВПТК і СОПТК характеризувалися подібними структурними характеристиками та низькими інвазійними властивостями. Під час післяопераційного спостереження (від 0,2 до 11,2 року) у жодного пацієнта не зафіксовано локальні або реґіонарні рецидиви, незалежно від того, пройшли пацієнти курс РЙТ чи ні, що ставить під сумнів доцільність застосування РЙТ за наявності ВПТК у пацієнтів із ХГ на тлі ДЗ.
Harvey Williams Cushing — великий хирург, исследователь, эндокринолог, писатель, художник
Authors: Rybakov S.I.
Published: February 2021

В литературе имеется немалое количество сообщений о выдающихся личностях, которые посвятили свою жизнь науке и хирургии и добились всемирно признанных успехов на этом поприще. Достаточно назвать имена Н.И. Пирогова из России, T. Billroth из Австрии, T. Kocher из Швейцарии и еще многих, чьи имена навечно вписаны в историю медицины. В этом ряду достойное место принадлежит американскому хирургу Harvey WilliamsCushing (Харвей Виллиамс Кушинг), основоположнику нового направления клинической хирургии — нейрохирургии, хирургу-виртуозу, выдающемуся эндокринологу, исследователю, писателю, художнику.
Architectures of the Fast Deployable Flying Network for Emergencie
Authors: Dinh T. , Kirichek R.
Published: February 2021

Climate change and natural disasters affected most of the countries all over the globe. The consequence such as tropical storms, floods and droughts directly affect social and various industrial sectors including Informatiom Communication Technology. The article is intended to describe the architectures of the fast deployable flying network for emergencies to be used in a natural disaster
Evaluation of Interference in Ultra-Dense 5G Radio Access Networks with Beamforming
Authors: Fokin G.
Published: February 2021

In this paper, we investigate the dependence of the level of intersystem interference

on the beam width of the adaptively formed antenna radiation pattern and the territorial separation of neighboring devices in ultra-dense 5G radio access networks. The results of simulation modeling of a radio access network based on 19 base stations with the parameterization of the antenna array gain by the width of the radiation pattern in the horizontal plane show that when the base station beam is di-rected to the user device and narrowed from 360° to 5°, the level of intrasystem interference decreases by 15 dB compared with the case of omnidirectional antennas. The results of simulation

of a radio access network based on 19 three-sector base stations with planar antenna arrays

of 64 elements illustrate a significant reduction in the level of interference in comparison with the case of omnidirectional antennas and, in order to obtain zones of a positive signal-to-noise ratio, confirm the need for a territorial separation of neighboring devices by 10–20 % of the range of radio coverage.
A Survay on the Swarm Intelligence Approaches to Controller Placement Problem in the Software Defined Networks Design and Optimization
Authors: Vybornova A
Published: February 2021

This article is dedicated to the overview and analysis of the existing approaches

to the controller placement problem for the multi-controller Software Defined Networks (SDN) with

a focus on the swarm intelligence methods. For this purpose, the controller placement problem is defined, as well as possible optimization functions and constraints. Research subject of this article

is a controller placement problem for the multi-controller SDN. As a research method a comparative analysis is used. Core results of the work is a comparison of different approaches based on the different optimality criteria and constraints. Practical relevance of the work is that the results can be used in the SDN design and optimization.
THE IMPORTANCE OF DEVELOPING CORE STRENGTH FOR THE IMPROVEMENT OF 800M RUNNING RESULTS IN U16 ATHLETES
Authors: VOROVENCI C.M.
Published: February 2021

The purpose of this study is to show the link between a welldeveloped superior train and athletic performance. The study included 15 athletes between the ages of 14 and 15 years, who were tested to evaluate the strength of the back muscles in the resistance regime, the strength of the abdominal muscles in the resistance regime and the athletic performance in the running test - 800m. From this study it is concluded that the strength programs for the juniors must contain exercises starting from the central segment of the body and then acting towards the extremities (arms and legs).
STUDY ON THE ADMISSION IN THE MILITARY EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS OF THE M.I.A. OF CANDIDATES - WOMEN
Authors: CHIRAZI M. , LOLUŢĂ A.
Published: February 2021

After 34 years since the establishment of the Military School "Captain Pavel Zăgănescu" - Boldeşti, the admission of female candidates at the session of January 2020 has been approved, considering the equal opportunities for the male candidates, the girls having the same admissions as boys, including an application course, and the preparation is similar throughout the entire education process. The evaluation of the physical performances being supported by the passage of the practical-applicative route, a route that has to be completed in a time of maximum 2 minutes and 15 seconds essential for the training of the future rescuers, namely the military firefighters, thus opening the gates to receive young people who want to tear down barriers and prejudices, those young people who know that there are no differences between men and women, when the ultimate goal is to save lives.
THE IMPACT OF MOVEMENT GAMES IN THE PROCESS OF TEACHING MINIHANDBALL AT PRIMARY LEVEL
Authors: CURIŢIANU I.M.
Published: February 2021

The purpose of the research consists in enriching the baggage of qualities and motor skills, specific to the pupils in the primary cycle (fourth grade), by differentiating the technical and tactical content of the minihandball game, applying movement games and stage-races with content of elements and procedures of the mini-handball game. The initial testing was carried out using physical, technical and tactical tests. Subsequently, after the initial testing we used a program of movement games for a period of 6 months, the content of selected means was applied to the experimental group, within the physical education lessons. The data obtained were statistically processed in order to rank them, to highlight the progress made by the pupils and for a more detailed analysis of the events.
WAYS TO STIMULATE STUDENTS’ PARTICIPATION IN PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND SPORTS ACTIVITIES
Authors: GANCIU O.M.
Published: February 2021

Physical education and sport are an inseparable part of the general education system, representing a necessity in ensuring the balance between intellectual and physical activity. Research Methods: pedagogical documentation, the investigation method, focus group. The results of the focused discussions reached topics such as: ways to increase the quality of the educational instructional process in physical education; how to make the hours of physical education more attractive; identifying solutions to increase students' interest in practicing sports. The appreciations of the young participants refer to the insufficient facilities offered by the faculty to stimulate their participation in sports activities, consider that measures are needed, at institutional level, such as the inclusion of this discipline during all the years of study.
REDUCING STRESS IN SCHOOL CHILDREN THROUGH THE USE OF SOME DANCE TECHNICAL ELEMENTS AS A FORM OF THERAPY
Authors: GROSU E.F. , VARI H.I. , GROSU V.T.
Published: February 2021

Dance therapy, after numerous researches, has proven to be a very beneficial exercise. We are considering reducing stress by applying an intervention plan based on a succession of specific dance steps, artistic program, made by entirely for this purpose. Our results show that the initial measurement, after the intervention program, students were able to greatly reduce mental tensions by further discharged their muscle tension. Certain indicators of stress can be improved by practicing a moment of sport dance with art therapy effect.
THE INFLUENCE OF GYMNASTIC EXERCISES IN THE QUALITY OF ADULT WOMEN’S LIFE
Authors: GUGU-GRAMATOPOL C.
Published: February 2021

The presence of women in all areas of contemporary life is a reality that generates many changes in their lifestyle. In the present study, we aimed to make a comparative analysis in two groups of women. The adults in the first group practice sports activities 2-4 times a week, but have sedentary professions, those in the second group have active professions, with medium to high effort, but do not participate in any sports class, with 3 exceptions. The results obtained show us better values recorded at body indices, and at indices related to health status, sleep quality in women in the second group. Our recommendation for adult women is to adopt a lifestyle with sports activities performed daily, with a medium to high effort to improve their quality of life
THE EFFICIENCY OF MANUAL THERAPY WITH COMBINED CRYOULTRASOUND TECHNOLOGY IN THE FUNCTIONAL REHABILITATION OF CHRONIC PLANTAR FASCIITIS
Authors: IACOB G.S.
Published: February 2021

Plantar fasciitis (PF) is an inflammatory process of the plantar fascia, commonly encountered among runners. The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether the manual therapy (MT) alternated with the use of cryoultrasound in the treatment of PF is an effective option in reducing the symptomatology. The test was performed on 10 subjects (two groups), having the following rehabilitation protocol: Group A – MT and cryoultrasound; Group B – MT and cryotherapy. Both treatments proved to be effective, the difference in pain intensity on the VAS scale between the two groups measured at E3 being 10.48% in favor of group A
PRECOMPETITION ANXIETY AND STRESS IN TENNIS: REVIEW OF LITERATURE
Authors: KORONAS V. , TOHĂNEAN D.I. , SALONIKIDIS K.
Published: February 2021

The purpose of this project is to examine the impact of competitive stress on tennis athletes and propose solutions for controlling and treating it. Pre-competition stress is a negative feeling for an athlete, which most often comes from expecting a victory. In the present work a general reference is made initially to human stress, which is caused by a variety of factors, whether specific or not, afflicting a large part of the population. Then follows an introduction to the basic features of precompetition anxiety, followed by an observation on the psychological stressrelief skills and how they can be applied. In conclusion, the overcome of the stressful situations depends on maintaining focus of predefined goals, gaining competitive experience and preserve emotional balance during the process.
THE INFLUENCE OF COORDINATIVE ABILITIES ON MOVEMENT DURING TENNIS MATCHES
Authors: MOISESCU P.C.
Published: February 2021

This paper aims to highlight the importance of coordinative abilities in the training plan of 10-12 year old tennis players, and whether through the methods and means chosen for this experiment an optimisation of tennis specific movements is observed. The ability to combine different forms of movement allows the player to better and faster adapt to the different surfaces they have to play on. In most cases, tennis movement is the combined result of and is constantly conditioned by the court area, technical processes and the player’s experience. The results of this study show that the development of coordinative abilities positively influences the player’s ability to combine the different types of movements specific to tennis matches.
Um suplemento inofensivo: a botânica de Rousseau
Authors: Ferreira Junior Paulo
Published: February 2021

O objetivo deste trabalho é estabelecer uma relação entre a noção de suplemento – particularmente, a de “suplemento perigoso” – e a paixão pela botânica em Rousseau. Para tanto, tomarei como baliza as interpretações de Jacques Derrida, Alain Grosrichard e Alexandra Cook para analisar algumas passagens das Confissões, dos Devaneios e das Cartas sobre a botânica. Tenho como hipótese que a atividade botânica pode ser considerada como uma espécie de suplemento inofensivo porque evoca uma imagem que conjuga o sexo e a inocência.
Notas preliminares sobre o conceito de justiça no Livro I da República de Platão
Authors: Dala Santa Fernando
Published: February 2021

O presente artigo tem por objetivo analisar a discussão sobre a justiça no Livro I da República de Platão. A princípio, cabe observar que o modo como o Livro I é construído o torna muito próximo aos diálogos platônicos da juventude, permanecendo a controvérsia em relação à sua redação enquanto texto independente ou prefácio deliberadamente elaborado. No Livro I Platão mapeia as acepções correntes de justiça e as desconstrói em um decurso intelectual que responde às noções de moralidade tradicionais e à já degenerada perspectiva política dos sofistas. Com isso, sinaliza a necessidade de transcender os domínios da mera opinião, em nome de um fundamento superior para a justiça, universalizável e de chancela racional. O processo de depuração conceitual e delimitação contextual perpetrado no primeiro Livro auxilia no entendimento das complexas reflexões éticas, metafísicas e político-educacionais da República, razão que nos leva a inferir o caráter essencialmente propedêutico com que o Livro I foi elaborado.
O problema do desacordo na epistemologia contemporânea
Authors: Marques Silva Juliomar
Published: February 2021

Recentemente, a epistemologia contemporânea vem discutindo sistematicamente o tema do desacordo. Em nosso dia a dia, embora muitos casos possam ser vistos como desacordos meramente aparentes, existem também os casos em que as disputas são legítimas e os desacordos são reais. Mas, seria possível haver desacordos reais entre agentes considerados pares epistêmicos? Se isso é possível, como deveríamos reagir a esses casos, em outras palavras, qual seria a atitude racional correta em casos de desacordos entre pares? Essas são algumas das principais questões levantadas pela chamada epistemologia dos desacordos. A proposta deste artigo é oferecer um panorama geral desse debate contemporâneo. Primeiramente, busco apresentar o problema e procuro demonstrar porque o cenário dos desacordos – principalmente entre pares epistêmicos – se torna uma importante questão filosófica. Em seguida, irei apresentar as principais alternativas teóricas que surgiram na epistemologia contemporânea como respostas a esse problema. Desta forma, o objetivo deste artigo é ser mais explanatório e não busca por nenhuma posição de originalidade nesse debate.
Finitude e personalização: a escolha original em Sartre
Authors: Prates Marcelo
Published: February 2021

Este artigo tem por objetivo analisar na filosofia de Sartre a noção de personalização. Inserida nos quadros da psicanálise existencial, tal noção nos esclarece acerca da escolha original e do projeto existencial. Desde seus primeiros trabalhos Sartre nos apresenta uma consciência transcendental impessoal, de modo que a liberdade como nadificação é independente da vida psíquica. O que queremos demonstrar é que a partir do desenvolvimento da psicanálise existencial a liberdade não é separada da noção de personalização, mas a pressupõe devido à condição de finitude da liberdade. Neste caso, embora pressuponha um campo transcendental impessoal, a liberdade só é apreensível concretamente a partir da personalização. Isso pressupõe uma relação necessária entre a ontologia e a psicanálise existencial na elucidação da liberdade, da história, do homem.
Eficiência e dominação da técnica
Authors: Alves da Silva Cássio Robson
Published: February 2021

A definição de técnica como a mediação entre o homem e a natureza levanta alguns problemas de ordem filosófica. Tal mediação se estabeleceu a partir de imperativos, dentre os quais podemos destacar a eficiência e a dominação, ambas exercidas sobre a natureza. A fim de ampliar as possibilidades de melhoramento da condição humana, a noção de progresso técnico tornou-se uma necessidade emergente para a consolidação das civilizações antigas e modernas. No entanto, é necessário estabelecer os critérios de uma crítica dos limites de um progresso desenfreado para podermos evidenciar a ambiguidade desse processo. O desenvolvimento da realidade passa por uma série de domínios cada vez mais sofisticados sem os quais as concretizações objetivas que estruturam a vida humana não seriam possíveis. Ao oscilar cada vez mais rápido entre a produção e a destruição, a tecnologia – entendida como o discurso aplicado da técnica (techné-logos) – acusa o seu próprio limite quando submetida ao imperativo da eficiência e da dominação. O propósito deste trabalho é mostrar que as consequências ambíguas do progresso técnico funcionam como mecanismo instaurador tanto do estado de bem-estar como do estado de guerra. A metodologia utilizada para o tratamento dessas questões será o embate de ideias presentes nos estudos de pensadores que refletiram o tema da técnica. Nossa conclusão, além de apontar para uma reflexão sobre os limites da técnica na vida humana, pretende repensar os desdobramentos dos imperativos de uma civilização pautada pela noção de progresso técnico e sua inevitável contradição com a noção de progresso humano.
Marker Assisted Selection of xa5, xa13 and Xa21 Gene in Breeding Populations Derived from Karma Mahsuri x IRBB 59
Authors: Kotasthane A J , Gaikwad N J
Published: February 2021

Bacterial leaf blight, caused by the Gram negative bacterium Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo), is a serious disease throughout the rice growing world. Resistant cultivars are the primary and most effective means of control. Marker assisted selection (MAS) can help in screening more efficiently for the presence or absence of resistant genes. Molecular markers have made it possible to identify and pyramid valuable genes of agronomic importance in resistance rice breeding. In the present study, to incorporate durable resistance against bacterial blight three resistance genes, xa 5, xa13 and Xa21, from an indica donor IRBB 59 were introgressed into high yielding susceptible rice cultivar Karma Mahsuri. Karma Mahsuri is one of the most popular varieties of Chhattisgarh and mega varieties of India. These three genes were pyramided through marker-assisted breeding. For MAS of xa5:- RG556, RM122, RM390, RM13;  xa13:-RG136 and RM 230 and  Xa21: Xa21 and RM21 are the known linked markers. Markers xa5R and xa5S specific for xa5 resistant and susceptible genes respectively, xa13Pro for xa13 gene and PT248 for Xa21 gene obtained from Dr Sundaram (DRR, Hyderabad) were also used in the present study for MAS. High-resolution maps generated in silico around xa5 and xa13 will be useful for the precise placement of a gene of interest and the analysis of regional and sub-regional rates of recombination and appropriate combinations of markers for marker assisted selection in plant-breeding. In Karma Mahsuri X IRBB 59 cross we got Three lines (03) containing three gene (xa5, xa13 and Xa21), Twenty three (23) line contain a combination of xa5 & xa13,  only one (01) with xa5 and Xa21. There were eight lines with xa5 gene Seventeen (17) lines with xa13 gene. We therefore report herein the development of nil, two and three gene pyramids of  xa5, xa13 and Xa21 in the background of Karma Mahsuri.
What can credit vintages tell us about non-performing loans?
Authors: Gamba-Santamaria Santiago , Melo-Velandia Luis Fernando , Orozco-Vanegas Camilo
Published: February 2021

Using Colombian credit vintage data, we decompose the non-performing loans into one component that captures the evolution of the payment capacity of borrowers, and other component that captures changes in the credit risk taken by the financial system at the time of loan disbursement. We use intrinsic estimators and penalized regression techniques to overcome the perfect multicollinearity problem that the model entails. We find that these two type of components have evolved differently over time, and that good economic conditions and loose financial conditions improve the payment capacity of borrowers to meet their obligations, and in turn, they tend to coincide with the financial system engaging in riskier loans. Finally, we advocate the use of this methodology as a policy tool that is easy to apply by financial and economic authorities that dispose of a constant flow of credit vintage information. Through it, they will be able to identify the origin of the credit risk materialization and curb the risk taken by the financial system.
Encuesta de percepción sobre riesgos del sistema Financiero - Enero de 2021
Authors:   Departamento de Estabilidad Financiera
Published: February 2021

En este informe se presentan los resultados de la Encuesta de Percepción Sobre Riesgos del Sistema Financiero, la cual busca identificar la perspectiva de diferentes agentes de la economía frente a los riesgos y vulnerabilidades más importantes que enfrenta el sector financiero, y evaluar cuál es el nivel de confianza que tienen en su estabilidad.
Speaking Problems of EFL Students at English Education Study Program in Muhammadiyah Luwuk University
Authors: Rullu ST. Marhana , Daburan Hamia
Published: February 2021

This research emphasized the problems of speaking ability in English among students of English Education Study Program in Muhammadiyah Luwuk University. This type of research was descriptive qualitative. In this research, the researcher used interview as instrument to find out the problems faced by the students in speaking English. From the results of the research, the researcher found the main problems faced by the students were limitations on vocabulary, errors in pronunciation, and incorrect grammar. In addition, the students also got anxiety when they speak in English and they embarrassed when they speak incorrectly, and they are still affected by their native language until they have problems in speaking English.Keywords: Speaking; Speaking Problems.
Mind Mapping in Teaching Writing
Authors: Mukmin Mukmin , Afriyanti Handrini
Published: February 2021

The objective of this research is to know whether the students’ ability in writing descriptive text using mind mapping in Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 1 Banggai can improve or not and to know how mind mapping improve the students’ ability of writing. This research was quasi experimental research by using non-equivalent design. The population of this research were all of the tenth grade students’ in Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 1 Banggai. The sample were X science 1 and X science 2 and consist of 35 and 34 students. The instrument of this research was written test. The kinds of test were pre-test and post-test. The mean of pre-test score in experimental class is 41 and the mean of post-test in experimental class is 83. The mean of pre-test score in controlled class is 37.35 and the mean of post-test in controlled class is 47.65. From the calculation of tcounted was higher than ttable, the result of tcounted is 18.80 meanwhile ttable in the degree of significance 0.05 is 1.66792. If the tcounted> ttable, it means that Ha is accepted. It shows that the comparison of tcounted and ttable is 18.80 > 1.66792. In the other words the alternative hypothesis is proven. It assumed that mind mapping technique can improve the students’ ability of writing descriptive text.Keywords: Writing Ability; Descriptive Text; Mind Mapping.
Upaya Meningkatkan Kemampuan Passing Bawah Permainan Bola Voli melalui Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif terhadap Siswa SDN Labuang Baji
Authors: Karim Achmad , Ikadarny Ikadarny
Published: February 2021

Tujuan dari penelitian ini mendeskripsikan perencanaan, tindakan, observasi refleksi dan penerapan Metode pembelajaran kooperatif  dalam upaya Meningkatkan kemampuan passing bawah  Permainan bola voli Siswa SDN Labuang Baji.Penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas yang dilakukan sebanyak 4 kali Pertemuan melalui empat tahapan yaitu Perencanaan, Pelaksanaan, Observasi dan Refleksi. Data Penelitian ini adalah kemampuan passing bawah  Permainan bola voli. Sumber data Penelitian ini adalah Siswa SDN Labuang Baji yang berjumlah 26 orang siswa.Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan memberikan soal latihan, dan menggunakan lembar penilaian proses gerak passing bawah permainan bola voli pada Siklus I dan Siklus II. Data yang terkumpul dianalisis secara Kuantitatif dan Kualitatif. Hasil analisis Kuantitatif data Kemampuan passing bawah jumlah Siswa yang tuntas pada Siklus I adalah 16 siswa dengan persentase 61,54% dan jumlah siswa yang tuntas pada Siklus II adalah 26 orang dengan persentase 100%. Hasil analisis Kualitatif menunjukkan bahwa ada peningkatan Kemampuan passing bawah  Permainan bola voli. Berdasarkan Hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa pembelajaran penjas melalui model pembelajaran kooperatif dapat Meningkatkan Kemampuan passing bawah  Permainan bola voli Siswa SDN Labuang Baji.
CLINICAL PROFILE OF NEONATES WITH RESPIRATORY DISTRESS
Authors: Meena Lokesh Kumar
Published: February 2021

Background: To study the clinical profile of neonates with respiratory distress.

Methods: A prospective study was conducted on 50 cases. Term, pre-term and post-term babies both in-borns and out-borns cases were included in the study.

Results: The majority of cases 43 (86.00%) presented with increased respiratory rate, chest in drawings. 42 (84%) babies had flaring of alae nasi.

Conclusion: Increased respiratory rate along with chest in drawing, flaring of alae nasi are the presentation of RD in majority of cases.

Keywords: Respiratory distress (RD), Clinical profile, Tachypnea
МОДЕЛЮВАННЯ СОЦІАЛЬНО-ЕКОНОМІЧНИХ ПРОЦЕСІВ В РЕСПУБЛІЦІ УЗБЕКИСТАН
Authors: Асадулліна Наіля Рамілівна
Published: February 2021

Formulation of the problem. This article reveals the theoretical aspects of the implementation of the process of modeling the socio-economic aspects of society, taking into account the developed development strategy of the Republic of Uzbekistan in the foreseeable future. The aim of the research is to characterize the process of modeling socio-economic processes in the Republic of Uzbekistan. The object of the research is the processes of development of environmental economics in Uzbekistan. The methods used in the research are logical, comparative, analytical, scientific and methodological. The hypothesis of the research is the assumption of the dependence of the size of the cost of recovering the ecological balance on the volume of national non-financial production assets. The statement of basic materials. The degradation and depletion of natural resources requires capital investments to develop new resources and enhance the exploitation of existing ones. The originality and practical significance of the research lies in the fact that the author substantiates the interrelation of the diseases of modern man with unfavorable environmental conditions arising through his own fault. The corresponding state of the environment determines up to 20% of morbidity and 50% of oncological diseases. A multiple correlation-regression analysis of the development of the national economy has been carried out. Conclusions of the research consist in justifying the fact that ecologically oriented structural reorganization involves a large-scale redistribution, overflow of resources from primary (agriculture and extractive industries) to secondary sectors of the economy (processing industry, construction, transport, communications), and then to tertiary (intellectual activities and services).
ДЕКАРТОВА СИСТЕМА КООРДИНАТ ЯК ІНСТРУМЕНТ ПОЗИЦІОНУВАННЯ ОБ’ЄДНАНИХ ТЕРИТОРІАЛЬНИХ ГРОМАД УКРАЇНИ
Authors: Заблодська Інна Володимирівна , Сєрєбряк Ксенія Ігорівна , Бєлоусова Любов Іванівна
Published: February 2021

Problem statement. The need for positioning of amalgamated territorial communities (ATC) is due to their large number and lack of identification. Effective  ATC positioning requires the development of appropriate tools to take advantage of the territory. The purpose of the article is to highlight the results of using the Cartesian system of coordination of the rear positioning of ATC in the context of their sustainable development, examples of ATC Luhansk region. The research object is ATC of Luhansk region. The methods used in the reaserch are: system, comparative and graphical analysis (the Cartesian coordinate system in space). The reaserch  hypothesis  was the preparation that the Cartesian coordinate system can be used as a tool for assessing the positions of ATCs in the context of their sustainable development. Presentation of the main material: on the basis of sustainable development estimates of  ATC of Luhansk region their positions in the Cartesian coordinate system are determined with the help of geogebra software; to determine the best positions in the  ATC of Luhansk region, it is proposed to use the vector of balanced positioning; it is established that the Lozno-Oleksandrivska  ATC has the best balanced positioning.The originality and practical significance of the reaserch polarize the propositions of vicoristic Cartesian coordinate systems for the simplest tools for controlling the positions of ATC . Conclusions and prospects fot the further reaserches. For the assessment of ATC positions, it was used a middle ball of the development by three warehouse (economy, social, environmental). The result of the positioning of ATC of the Luhansk region was filled with a rosary behind an additional Cartesian coordinate system and software geogebra protection. The positions of  ATC of the Luhansk region are displayed in the areas XOZ, XYZ, XOY. For setting the best positions at the ATC of the Luhansk region, the reference station is assigned to the vector of the balanced position, which dials up, for the most unbalanced positions from the Lozno-Oleksandrivska position. Subsequent reaserches  may be directed to the value of visits for the purpose of the balanced development of ATC.
ФОРМУВАННЯ ЕФЕКТИВНОЇ СИСТЕМИ УПРАВЛІННЯ ЕКОНОМІКОЮ - ВЕКТОР СУЧАСНИХ РЕФОРМ В УЗБЕКИСТАНІ
Authors: Расулев Алішер Файзійович , Воронін Сергій Олексанрович
Published: February 2021

Formulation of the problem. The use of an effective economic management system allows you to create favorable conditions for achieving long-term economic growth at minimal costs. The purpose of the study is to study foreign experience of economic management reform, review the course of administrative reform in the Republic of Uzbekistan and, on the basis of available data, develop recommendations for the national economy. The subject of this research is the development of the management system of the national economy in the context of the transition to full-fledged market relations. Methods of economic research - system analysis, generalization, scientific abstraction, historical and logical method, classification, etc. The hypothesis of the research is that currently the main vector of reforms in Uzbekistan is optimization and increasing the efficiency of the economic management system. The use of market and administrative instruments will improve the quality parameters of economic development, create conditions for increasing the competitiveness of the economy. Presentation of the main material. The main features of the management reform in various countries of the world are revealed, an analysis of the reform of the national economy management system is made, recommendations for the transition to a full-fledged market are substantiated. The originality and practical significance of the study is that it systematizes the main approaches to the reform of economic management, studies the features of management reform in the Republic of Uzbekistan, substantiates recommendations for increasing its efficiency in the period of overcoming the consequences of forced restrictions and for the future. The conclusions of the study are that “market mechanisms” are just one of many necessary tools to achieve the goals of the country's socio-economic development. Therefore, it is necessary to clearly “outline the boundaries” in which areas the state should introduce market relations, in which to regulate activities and in which - to produce or provide services. When developing a new system of economic management, it is necessary to include tasks for both the development of market institutions and administrative procedures. When carrying out the privatization of enterprises engaged in the extraction of minerals and their primary processing, the controlling stake must be retained by the state. The main resource of the country is the accumulated human potential, which requires special attention from the state during the reform process. The new economic management system must be ready to respond promptly to internal and external challenges
ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ СИСТЕМНОГО ПІДХОДУ ДЛЯ ПОБУДОВИ ОРГАНІЗАЦІЙНОЇ СТРУКТУРИ УПРАВЛІННЯ ПІДПРИЄМСТВОМ
Authors: Бондарєва Тетяна Іванівна
Published: February 2021

Formulation of the problem. The issues of designing the organizational structure of enterprise management in the process of its restructuring are considered. The aim of the article is to consider the essence of enterprise restructuring as one of the reasons for the need for organizational change in the company and to develop practical recommendations for applying the theory of systems analysis to build a rational organizational structure of enterprise management. The methodological basis of the study were logical methods of information processing, methods of systems analysis and modeling of systems, abstract-logical method for formulating conclusions. The basic hypothesis of research is that to build an effective organizational structure of enterprise management, you can use methods of systems analysis, including process and system approach. Exposition of basic material. The essence and reasons of necessity of structural transformations in the organization are considered. It is revealed that the activity of any organization is influenced by the constantly changing internal and external environment. This requires the company's management to respond quickly and adapt to new operating conditions. Flexibility, adaptability, stability of the management system, as well as the consistency of the behavior of all its elements, ensuring a rational combination of centralization and decentralization of management depend on the organizational structure of enterprise management. A set of interdependent models of the enterprise management system is proposed, the use of which will allow to design an organizational structure capable of taking into account certain requirements. Originality and practical meaningfulness of research is confirmed by the possibility of using the proposed set of models as a practical tool for designing the organizational structure of any type of enterprise. The proposed developments can be used as an element of practical guidance for the implementation of enterprise restructuring projects. Conclusions and prospects of further researches. The proposed rules and a set of appropriate models can be used to develop information technology for designing organizational systems using simulation methods. This will allow you to generate a variety of options for organizational structures, determine the interdependencies between their elements and choose the most appropriate criteria
Enterocolite Neutropênica em Paciente com Câncer de Mama em Uso de Quimioterapia Adjuvante: Relato de Caso
Authors: Bacelar Luana Santana , Ribeiro Martamaria de Souza Ferraz , Lopes Caroline Chagas , Miranda Elisama Andrade , Xavier Rosa Malena Fagundes , Bendicho Maria Teresita
Published: February 2021

Introdução: A enterocolite neutropênica (EN) consiste em ulceração ou necrose da mucosa do ceco, íleo terminal e cólon ascendente, sendo uma condição clínica ocasionada como evento adverso de medicamentos, principalmente em esquemas quimioterápicos. Por ser uma condição com alto índice de mortalidade, o presente relato tem como objetivo contribuir significativamente para discussões que envolvem a EN e a participação da equipe multiprofissional no desfecho clínico. Relato do caso: Paciente do sexo masculino, 75 anos, com diagnóstico de câncer de mama, evoluindo com EN após tratamento com quimioterapia adjuvante. A presença de comorbidade e a idade foram os principais fatores complicadores do quadro de tiflite. Por ser uma toxicidade importante e que pode levar à piora do quadro clínico do paciente com câncer, abordar esse tema é fundamental para um diagnóstico mais rápido, com possibilidade de medidas preventivas. Conclusão: Sendo assim, em virtude do notório aumento dos casos de EN, aponta-se como perspectiva a qualificação da equipe de saúde para a inserção de profissionais ainda mais especializados, capazes de contribuir e identificar os sinais e sintomas relacionados com toxicidades hematológicas, resultado de tratamentos quimioterápicos.
Logic Oughtn't be Normative
Authors: Searle Christopher J.
Published: February 2021

Presumably, the exponent of logical normativity believes it to be the case that rational agents ought to reason logically. If the converse holds, and the exponent of logical normativity believes either (a) that it is false that rational agents ought to reason logically or (b) that the claim that rational agents ought to reason logically is not truth–functional, then any attempt to formulate sound arguments in support of their position will be either question–begging or self–contradictory. To argue in favour of the normative status of logic involves the assumption that the issue is substantive. I draw a distinction between deontic and axiological normativity as applied to logical theory and demonstrate that because deontic sentences are not truth–functional, logic cannot be normative in the deontic sense. I conclude that the only sense in which logical theory may be thought of as normative is axiologically.
Notion of Private Language in Wittgenstein's Tractatus Logico-philosophcus and some Contemporary Linguistic Refutations
Authors: Kardum Marko , Skelac Ines
Published: February 2021

In this paper, the possibility of private language argument in Tractatus Logico- Philosophicus is analyzed. The concept of ‘language that only I could understand” is connected to solipsism, or the impossibility to understand other people’s way of seeing the world. But all members of the same community are able to communicate using the same language, so this language is a general language, and there is no private language, just a private perception of the world. Contemporary linguistic theories of Chomsky and de Saussure are close to this interpretation of private language.