bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Liquidity, Solvability, Activity, Profitability, Asset Growth, and Sales Growth to Systematic Risk With Firm Size as Moderating Variable on Consumer Non-Cyclicals Company Listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange 2017-2021
Authors: Siti Lestari  , Sintha Lis
Published: December 2022

Investors need useful information as a signal to decide on investment because investment activity contains risk of uncertainty that will occur in the future that can not be handled by diversification which is called systematic risk. Systematic risk is calculated by beta stock which the companies have different beta values. Therefore, this research aims to analyze the impact of financial information on the beta stock in sector consumer non-cyclicals listed on Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) with the observation period 2017-2021. Respon variables in this research are liquidity, solvability, activity, profitability, asset growth, and sales growth, with firm size as the moderating variable. Population in this research was 103 companies, then got 40 companies after doing the purposive sampling method, so there were 200 units of analysis with five years of analysis. Data analysis method using SEM-PLS analysis with software SmartPLS. The results show that liquidity has a significant negative impact on systematic risk. Solvability, profitability, and sales growth significantly positively affect systematic risk. Activity and asset growth are not relevant to systematic risk. The moderation test result proves that firm size significantly adequates the impact of liquidity, profitability, and sales growth on systematic risk. Firm size does not significantly adequate the impact of solvability, activity, and asset growth on systematic risk.
Analysis of the Influence of Digital Marketing and Product Quality on Customer Loyalty
Authors: Abdullah Julie , Nuryanto Uli Wildan , Cakranegara Pandu Adi , Fibriany Firstianty Wahyuhening , Putra I Gusti Ngurah Agung Dewantara
Published: December 2022

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of digital marketing and product quality on customer loyalty. This research is a quantitative research with a descriptive and verification approach. From the research that has been done, it is obtained that the value of t count > t table so that digital marketing and product quality have a positive and significant effect on customer loyalty. The R-square value obtained is 0.852 which states that digital marketing and product quality variables affect customer loyalty by 85.20% and the remaining 14.80% is influenced by other variables.
Functioning and development of the fisheries complex of the Crimea from the standpoint of the ecosystem approach
Authors: Logunova N. A. , Yarkina N. N. , Aleksakhina L. V.
Published: December 2022

The purpose of the work is to develop recommendations on the functioning and development of the fisheries complex of the Crimea from the standpoint of the ecosystem approach based on the study of the concepts of state and business management of fisheries activities.

The methods used: dialectical and systematic approaches, generalization, logical research  methods, including analysis and synthesis, allowed us to formulate meaningful characteristics of the policy of state fisheries management and the internal policy of fisheries management, as well as to focus on the organization of environmentally responsible fisheries management.

An element of novelty is the development of scientific and applied aspects of the organization of the process of implementing fisheries management activities based on the introduction of strategic management tools for industry enterprises and minimizing the negative impact on aquatic (marine) ecosystems.

Research results: conceptualization of the problem of strategic management of fisheries activities for the development of qualitatively new methods and solutions for the development of the fisheries complex of the Crimea.

The practical significance lies in the development of recommendations for the effective use of regional determinants of the Crimea and the creation of a sustainable managed raw material base of the fisheries complex  of the region.
THE INFLUENCE OF DIETARY SALVIA AND LAVENDER POWDERS ON PRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE, SOME PHYSIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS, AND IMMUNITY OF BROILER UNDER STOCKING DENSITY STRESS
Authors: Mustafa Alaa Ab. , Tayeb Ihsan T.
Published: December 2022

The purpose of this experiment was to increase poultry meat production by increasing the number of chickens reared in the same area and managing it by using medicinal herbs Salvia officinalis L and Lavandula angustifolia L. in the broiler chicken diet. 705 one-day-old chicks were randomly distributed into to7 treatments with three replicates for an area of two m2 floor system in each replicate for each treatment, during 35 days of the study. T0 negative control 75 chicks, 25 chicks for each replicate 12-13 chicks per m2 fed standard diet. T1 positive control (stocking density without supplementation)105 chicks, 35 each replicate chicks 17-18 per m2 fed standard diet. The same stocking density for T2, T3, T4, T5, and T6 have been given standard feed with supplemented herbals, salvia 0.7%, 0.9%, lavender0.7%, 0.9%, and mixed 0.7% respectively. Depending on the results, chickens reared in stress stocking density with supplementations led to higher improvement of body weight, meat production, body weight gain (BWG), feed conversion ratio(FCR g feed/g weight), production index PI, carcass weight (g) and dressing percentage, RBCs 106cells/mm3, lymphocyte%, of increasing activity of thyroid hormones T3, T4 (nmol/L) boost antibody titers of ND and IBV when compared with positive control. However, heterophil%, stress indicator H/L ratio, glucose mg/ dL and cholesterol mg/ dL significantly reduced. The results showed that adding sage and lavender plants to broiler feed is effective in improving productivity, immunity, and resistance characteristics in reducing the adverse effects of stress caused by increasing the intensity of broiler rearing in the same area.
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF TOTAL LIPIDS IN THE MUSCLES OF CYPRINUS CARPIO REARING IN PONDS AND RIVER
Authors: Karim Y. A. , Al-Rudainy A. J. , Abbas L .M.
Published: December 2022

The aim of the current study is to compare total lipid profile of Cyprinus carpio reared in earthen ponds and wild fish (river). A total of 80 fish samples were collected from these  locations for the period from November-December 2020 and divided into three weight groups ( W1 , less than 500 g ;W2, 500-1000g  and W3 , more than 1000g). Results of present study showed that the total cholesterol content ranged between 17.69-21.63mg\100g in W3 and W1 respectively in river fish, while in pond fish ranged between 22.08-23.59mg\g in W2 and W3 respectively. High density lipoprotein in river fish ranged between 5.84-12.21mg\g in W3 and W1 respectively, in pond fish ranged between 11.18-12.92mg\g in W2 and W1. Low density lipoprotein in river fish ranged between 0.908-1.215 mg\g in W3 and W2, in pond fish ranged between 1.266-1.588 mg\g in W2 and W3 respectively and finally triglycerides in river fish ranged between 53.25-59.69 mg\g in W3 and W1.In pond fish ranged between 60.57-65.98 mg\g in W2 and W3 respectively. Results of statistical analysis of  lipid profile showed  a significant difference P≤0.05 of Cholesterol, HDL,LDL and Triglycerides in W3 between ponds and river fish , but no significant difference P>0.05 in W1 and W2 of Cholesterol, HDL,LDL and Triglycerides between ponds and river fish.
EFFECT OF ENZYME TYPE AND HYDROLYSIS TIME ON ANTIBACTERIAL AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF WHEY PROTEIN HYDROLYSATES
Authors: N. Wafaa , Elbarbary H. A. , Ibrahim E. M. A. , Mohamed H. A. , Jenssen H.
Published: December 2022

There is an elevated need for novel antimicrobial preservatives in the food industry, and hydrolysis of waste products from the same sector has for decades been viewed as a potential source of these. In the current study we have purified bovine whey protein using size-exclusion chromatography (SEC), and hydrolyzed it by trypsin, pepsin, alcalase, savinase, and neutrase at different times 30, 60, 120, 240, and 300 min. The highest active time hydrolysate was subsequently fractionated by SEC, monitored for antibacterial and antioxidant activities, and characterized using UHPLC-MS/MS. Alcalase and savinase displayed higher degree of hydrolysis, higher antibacterial activity in their hydrolysates at 60 and 30 min, respectively compared to the other enzymes. The alcalase hydrolysates exhibited significantly the highest antioxidant activity rescuing 89% of the yeast cell from Hydrogen peroxide induced oxidative stress at 120 minutes. Proteomic analysis of the highly active fractions identified peptides from α-lactalbumin with structural similarity to known antioxidant peptides. Thus, our results support the using food grade enzymes like alcalase and savinase in the food industry.
MICORPROPAGATION OF VIBURNUM OPULUS (ROSEUM) BY USING SINGLE NODES
Authors: Yaseen Suaad A.
Published: December 2022

The present study was carried out to investigate  the micropropagation of viburnum opulus (Roseum) by using single nodes with axillary buds excised from soft cuttings using full strength MS salts, 30g.l-1 sucrose, 7g.l-1 Agar and different concentrations of plant growth regulators in culture medium. Results of the experiment at initiation stage revealed that the culture of single nodes of viburnum on a medium containing 4 mg.l-1 BA gave the highest number of shoots (2.21 shoots/explant). Concerning the interaction, a nutrient medium containing (2 mg.l-1 BA+ 0.4 mg.l-1 IAA) gave the highest values of mean number of shoots, leaves and length of new shoots (1.61 shoots/explant, 2.01 leaves/explant, 1.61 cm respectively). At shoot multiplication stage, the addition of 2.0 mg.l-1 from both BA and kinetin gave the highest number of shoots per explant estimated at 2.65 and 3.31 shoots/explant respectively at root formation stage; the interaction treatment of full MS salt strength with the use of 0 .5 mg.l-1 NAA gave the highest rooting percentage reaching 85.5 %. The highest number of roots (18 roots/ explant) was recorded as well from the combined treatment of full MS salt strength with the use of 0.5 mg.l-1 NAA. While the longest roots (6.65 cm) were recorded from the interaction treatment of half salt strength and 0.50 mg.l-1 IBA..
REALITY OF THE ACTIVITIES CARRIED OUT BY EXTENSION FARMS PROVIDING EXTENSION SERVICES TO THE FARMERS OF THE CENTRAL EUPHRATES PROVINCES
Authors: Twayej S. A. , Al-Taiy H.
Published: December 2022

This study was aimed  to identify the reality of the extension farm activities in providing extension services to the farmers of the middle Euphrates governorates. The study was   included 54 paragraphs divided into 3 axes outline  which included: extension activities implemented inside the extension farm, extension activities implemented outside the extension farm, coordination activities and participation with relevant institutions. A random sample of 60% of the extension farms in each governorate was selected using a questionnaire from a random sample of 41 respondents. The research results were activities of applying scientific research results, with a degree of 1.4 degrees which is less than the hypothetical mean for the scale of 1.5 degrees, and activities of multiplication program of high-class seeds , with a degree of 55%. The activities of using modern means of communication, with a degree of 1.1, and activities to encourage agricultural innovation, with a degree of 1.4,which is less than the hypothetical mean for the scale of 1.5 degrees. The activities of interaction with stakeholders, with a degree of 2.55, which is higher than the hypothetical mean for the scale of 2.5 degrees ,and coordination activities or partnerships with a degree of 1.2, which is less than the hypothetical mean for the scale of 1.5 degrees. It could be concluded from the results that weakness of the various extension farm activities inside and outside its borders, and in the activities of coordination and participation.
Longitudinal Development Changes of Positive and Negative Aspects of Creative Personality in Adolescent and Effects of Youth Activities
Authors:   The Korean Creativity Education Association, Cho Eun byul , Min Ji-Yeon
Published: December 2022

In this study, we analyzed adolescents’ creativity longitudinal development and how youth activities effect to the changes in creativity development using Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey(KCYPS) 2018 data. Large data on students' positive and negative aspects of creative personality of 7th to 9th grade were analyzed. Results revealed that the creative personality of middle school students tended to decrease in both positive and negative aspects, and the decrease in positive creative personality was greater. Youth activities related with culture/art, adventure, science/information, job/career were positively affected in the initial status of positive creative personality, and science/information and volunteer activities were negatively affected in the slope. Adventure and science/information activities had a positive effect on the initial status of negative creative personality, and adventure activities had a negative effect on the slope. Providing various experiences through extra-curriculum can have a positive effect on creative personality and can help prevent the decrease in creative personality in middle school. Finally, based on the results of this study, the direction of research on creativity development in adolescence and the strategy of creativity education were proposed.
Assessment of Heavy Metals Levels in Waste Receptacle Soils in Rukpokwu, Obio/Akpor, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria
Authors:   Department of Chemistry, Ignatius Ajuru University of Education Rumuolumeni, P.M.B. 5047, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria., Edori O.S , Okporo E , Iyama W. A ,   Institute of Geosciences and Environmental Management, Rivers State University, Port Harcourt, Nigeria.
Published: December 2022

Heavy Metals Levels in soils used as a waste receptacle in Rukpokwu, Obio/Akpor, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria were assessed. The heavy metals were determined using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy methods. The mean levels of the heavy metals investigated in the soil of temporary dumpsites of Rukpokwu were; iron (Fe) 256.649±17.533mg/Kg, lead (Pb) 11.984±3.435mg/Kg, copper (Cu) 9.295±2.075mg/Kg, zinc (Zn) 22.268±3.669mg/Kg, cadmium (Cd) 2.897±0.584mg/Kg, manganese (Mn) 6.586±0.654mg/Kg, chromium (Cr) 12.244±1.834mg/Kg, nickel (Ni) 9.185±2.046mg/Kg, arsenic (As) 2.003±0.284mg/Kg and cobalt (Co) 2.042±0.288mg/Kg. The levels of the studied heavy metals were in the order Fe > Zn > Cr > Pb > Cu > Ni > Mn > Cd > Co > As. The pollution assessment indices used in the evaluation of the heavy metals showed that anthropogenic activities have slightly influenced the concentration of heavy metals in the temporary dumpsites. The indices were contamination factor, which showed low contamination, geo-accumulation indicated not contaminated to moderate contamination, potential ecological risk revealed low risk and potential ecological risk index showed moderate risk. These indices revealed that the studied heavy metals have contaminated the soil slightly but have not reached an alarming level. Keywords: Contamination Indices, dumpsites, heavy metals, pollution, Rukpokwu
Análisis del Diseño curricular como factor de deserción académica utilizando Minería de Datos
Authors: CHOQUE VANESSA MARIBEL , Sosa Jauregui Victor Darío
Published: December 2022

La deserción académica es una problemática que involucra a todos los niveles de la educación, siendo la deserción universitaria una de las que más afecta negativamente en el ámbito institucional, familiar y hasta al estado (Nervi, Rodríguez, & Osada, 2015).  Uno de los propósitos de la investigación fue descubrir patrones académicos de deserción universitaria a través del procesamiento y análisis de información utilizando técnicas de Minería de Datos. Para lograr este propósito, se analizó información proveniente de la base de datos de la Universidad Andina del Cusco correspondiente a la Escuela Profesional de Ingeniería de Sistemas (EPIS) durante el periodo de 2006 a 2016, es decir diez años de ejercicio, que incluyo información de estudiantes, asignaturas, promedios, entre otros. Las técnicas utilizadas estuvieron basadas en la Minería de Datos, se utilizó la técnica de análisis descriptivo Clustering, junto al algoritmo de agrupamiento K means. Luego del procesamiento y análisis bajo estas técnicas, surgió como resultado sobresaliente el diseño curricular, que presentó un comportamiento particular relacionado a la deserción universitaria, que lo calificó como factor de deserción (Choque Soto, 2019). Se identificó entonces al diseño curricular como factor determinante de deserción por su comportamiento reiterativo en las pruebas realizadas y en la consolidación de resultados. Los resultados de la investigación y sus hallazgos fueron presentados para reforzar la toma de decisiones con respecto al diseño de Planes de estudios o currículos que tengan mejor aceptación en el alumnado.
La Iglesia católica y la independencia del Perú, a la luz de algunas fuentes históricas del Archivo Arzobispal de Lima
Authors: Piccone Camere Carlos
Published: December 2022

Dentro del marco histórico de las celebraciones por el Bicentenario de la República del Perú, el presente proyecto de investigación busca ser un aporte al diálogo sobre las raíces históricas nacionales desde un enfoque plural e interdisciplinario. Para este fin, el autor analiza  algunas fuentes históricas que se encuentran custodiadas en el Arzobispado de Lima, lugar privilegiado por la cantidad y calidad de los legajos que almacena desde el año 1543. Así pues, el objetivo primario será delimitar el rol de la Iglesia Católica en las relaciones político-diplomáticas tanto con el Reino de España como con los diferentes movimientos independentistas a inicios del siglo XIX.
Educación híbrida: desafíos de los modelos educativos universitarios
Authors: Marca Aima Monica , Gudiel Cárdenas Mitsy Elena , Huerta Velasquez Stefany Ingrid , Soto Mercado Luz Aurora
Published: December 2022

La emergencia sanitaria a consecuencia del COVID19 evidenció la necesidad de repensar la educación superior, la nueva normalidad generó retos para los actores educativos, y fue necesario evaluar a los Modelos Educativos (ME) de universidades. El objetivo de la investigación fue analizar ME de dos universidades de la ciudad del Cusco e identificar oportunidades de mejora hacia una educación híbrida. Se revisaron los ME de la Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco (UNSAAC) y el ME de la Universidad Andina del Cusco (UAC). El tipo de investigación fue descriptivo, explicativo y diseño no experimental. Los resultados presentan la caracterización de los ME, su diagnóstico, evaluación y pertinencia, planteándose oportunidades de mejora, asimismo, se identificaron principios rectores, macro rasgos y rasgos específicos del evaluador educativo que podría contribuir a reestructurar los mismos. Se concluyó que los ME evaluados están desfasados, por tanto, inadecuados para enfrentar desafíos pospandemia, ameritan cambios, no solo por la coyuntura, sino por el surgimiento de nuevas demandas educativas. Las recomendaciones como oportunidades de mejora de los ME podrían contribuir, afianzar y coadyuvar a la calidad educativa de la universidad, haciéndola más funcional, competente y sostenible en el tiempo.
Identifying resources for promoting healthy aging in community
Authors: Adam Reres  , Hou Su-I
Published: December 2022

Community-dwelling older adults depend on resources for stability and safety as they age. This study explores resources that mature over time to improve the quality of aging in community (AIC) within communities that are not modeled for aging populations. Recommendations for future research and community programs to improve the ability of community members to age in community were made based on the findings. This qualitative study used semi-structured interviews with open-ended questions on 16 older adults who attend programs designed to increase community interaction. According to data gathered, the three most important resources were social, health, and financial. AIC requires multiple resources to sustain basic needs and provide quality living. Early allocation of resources improves the likelihood of successfully AIC.
Investigation of the Effect of Design Parameters of Small Brushless DC Motors on Motor Performance by Finite Element Method
Authors: Özüpak Yıldırım
Published: December 2022

Direct Current (DC) motors are widely used in industrial applications. The limited use of brushed models in some areas has brought Brushless Direct Current Motors (BLDC) to the fore. The constant need for maintenance of brushed type motors creates a disadvantage in variable conditions and in areas that are used continuously. For this reason, brushless DC motors have a wide range of uses. Brushless DC motors stand out with their high-performance values. Brushless DC motors with outer rotor type are used in applications that require high torque and inertia. The fact that electrical machines have moving parts and the computational complexity created by these parts have led electrical machine designers to alternative ways such as software and simulation programs where the results can be predicted. In this paper, a Brusgless Permanent Magnet Direct Current motor (BLPMDC) was designed and analyzed. The obtained speed, efficiency, torque, and air gap flux distributions were examined and the results were compared with literature for the motor type. In this study, applications were made to examine the effects of design parameters such as rotor structure, rotor position, magnet arrangement and materials used in the structures on the efficiency and output power of the motor. Efficiency-speed and power-speed values were obtained for different structures and features of the engine. The results obtained are compared with each other and presented in the article in the form of graphs and tables.
Effect of charge load proportion and blast controllable factor design on blast fragment size distribution
Authors: Taiwo Blessing Olamide
Published: December 2022

Blasting operation involves the use of a specific explosive quantity, detonated to fragment insitu and oversize rock block for particle reduction. Rock fragmentation size distribution has a direct influence on the proposed costs of mining one ton of the ore and the cost of run-off-mine processing. The focus of this study is on investigating the effect of charge load ratio and blast design parameters such as stiffness ratio, maximum instantaneous charge, and specific charge on rock fragmentation particle size distribution in dolomite quarry located at Akoko Edo state, South-west Nigeria. The 50% passing sizes (X50, m), 80% passing size (X80, m), and characteristic size (Xc, m) of blast results were determined using Wipware software. It was observed that the optimum mean size (X50, m), 80% passing fragment size (X80, m), and characteristic size (Xc, m) of rock depends strongly on the explosive bottom and column loading ratio, stiffness ratio, and specific charge. The regression analysis result reveals that the explosive specific charge and stiffness ratio influence the fragment size distribution with a negative correlation relationship, and the explosive bottom and column loading ratio has a positive correlation relationship with the blast fragmentation. Multivariate Regression (MVR) models were developed for the prediction of blast fragmentation sizes (X80, X50, and Xc) with R2 values of 0.76, 0.52, and 0.63 respectively. Based on the low correlation value obtained from the developed models, the proposed multivariate Regression (MVR) models are less suitable for the prediction of blast fragmentation particle size distribution.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA KOMIK DIGITAL BERBASIS CANVA PADA MUATAN PELAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA MATERI SUMBER ENERGI
Authors: Nurafrilian Sucita , Sukamanasa Elly , Suchyadi Yudhie
Published: December 2022

This study aims to develop an innovation in interesting, varied, and innovative learning media using the Canva application as well as to test the feasibility and validity of the developed media, namely Canva-based digital comic media in Indonesian language lesson content on energy source materials. This type of research is a research and development research with the research subjects of class III students at SDN Kawungluwuk Kab. Cianjur. Data collection in this study used the methods of observation, interviews, and documentation. Data were analyzed using quantitative and qualitative descriptive analysis. The procedure and stages of development on Canva-based digital comic media use the ADDIE model which has five stages, namely analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The quantitative and qualitative development of digital comics based on Canva is appropriate for use in learning. The results of the validation assessment were processed twice because of revisions to produce the best product. The results of the 1st media expert validator got 91% and the 2nd got 92%, the 1st linguist validator got 64% and the 2nd got 100%, the 1st material expert validator got 84% and the 2nd got 88%. The overall results of all validators 1 get 80% results and the 2nd get 93% results have an increase. Meanwhile, the results of the student response questionnaire obtained 94%. Based on the results of the study, it was shown that the Canva-based digital comic media in the Indonesian language subject matter of energy source material was very feasible to be used as a varied and innovative learning media in learning.

Keywords: Development; Learning media innovation; Digital Comics; Canva; Energy sources
Washback of Second Language Assessment: Focusing on Research in the International and Korean Contexts
Authors:   The Korea English Language Testing Association, Kim Hyun Jung , Hwang Taeyeon
Published: December 2022

Washback has been of interest in the field of second and foreign language teaching as well as testing; indeed, it has been widely discussed as one of the key test qualities. While multifaceted aspects of washback have been proposed and examined, there still remain many more unanswered questions because washback should be evaluated in relation to a specific testing and teaching/learning situation. It is therefore worth reviewing prior research and identifying gaps in the literature to address future research on washback, especially in the Korean context. This article first reviews seminal theoretical contributions to the current understanding of washback. It then introduces prior empirical research on two test types: largescale testing and classroom/school-based assessments used in both international and Korean contexts. Whereas the washback effects of representative international large-scale tests have been widely examined worldwide, there have been a limited number of studies on washback involving large-scale and classroom assessments in the Korean context. The primary focus of prior research has been on the perceptions of teachers and learners, while empirical evidence in teaching and learning is still lacking. These comprehensive, critical reviews illustrate washback effects on a range of stakeholders at different stages of teaching and learning, which contribute to addressing the need for future research on washback.
A theoretical inquiry on the meaning of ‘strategies’ and the considerations for applying them in the 2022 revised English curriculum: Focusing on elementary and middle schools
Authors:   The Korea English Language Testing Association, Choi Wonkyung
Published: December 2022

This study is a theoretical inquiry on the term ‘strategies’, which appears in the official document of the 2022 revised English curriculum for elementary and middle schools in Korea. Although this term has been quite frequently investigated in the academic field of second language acquisition since the 1970s, it has not been fairly emphasized in the previous curricula probably because the teachability of strategies is not firmly established. As a result of a literature review, this study shows that despite the ambiguity of the definition of the term, strategies are generally considered as either L2 learners’ communication strategies (CS) to solve communication breakdowns or as their learning strategies (LS) to efficiently acquire knowledge. It also displays that strategies in the new curriculum turn out to be more LS than CS, both of which should be well instructed and evaluated in public schools under the new curriculum. This study then presents some significant considerations about how to teach and evaluate strategies. Unlike linguistic knowledge, strategies can be seen as procedural knowledge. Therefore, strategies should be treated in a similar manner to knowledge from the affective domain. English teachers are strongly advised to teach strategies according to L2 learners’ individual aptitudes and preferences, and to use processfocused assessment.
Analysis of the Korean high school students’ educational achievement and affective features in the years of 2019 to 2021
Authors:   The Korea English Language Testing Association, Joo Hunwoo
Published: December 2022

The present study was designed to look into the tendency of the educational achievements and the affective features of Korean high school students on the English language from 2019 to 2021 under the revised 2015 national curriculum. In order to serve the purpose of the current research, student performance was analyzed based on the four performance levels of the four language skills and on such competencies as English communication and knowledge-information processing skills. The results showed that the performance of the students in the top two achievement levels especially on the speaking skill had fallen as far as over fifteen percentage points from 2019 to 2021. In addition, concerning the perceptions on the English language, the participating students tended to have thirty to forty percentage points less self-efficacy and interest than value and learning motivation. In sum, a wide variety of supporting policies need to be developed in order to make up for the lowered English speaking skills and to help those in lower achievement levels improve their English language ability as well as increase their self-efficacy and interest in English.
The development and usage analysis of a profile chart for speaking performance assessment in primary English classes
Authors:   The Korea English Language Testing Association, Lee Yeoim , Shim KyuNam
Published: December 2022

The purpose of this study aims to develop a profile chart for speaking performance assessment and implement it in primary English classes. Considering some major theories and principles regarding speaking assessment which are performance assessment and learning-oriented assessment, as well as the teaching and assessment context of primary English teaching, a profile chart of speaking performance assessment was developed. To conduct the research, 24 primary school teachers participated and some of them used the chart and then shared their experiences in using the chart in their English classes. Through this process, the profile chart was revised and confirmed. According to the results of the study, the participating teachers were all satisfied with using the speaking assessment profile chart for in-class assessment. Teachers responded that the chart could be used for assessment purposes as expected, that it could be used within the scheduled time frame in the classroom, and that it was relatively easy to record and manage. They also responded that in consideration of the characteristics of the speaking activity for each class period and the number of students who could be assessed at one class period, another customized chart form should be developed. Other issues for further investigation and examination were suggested in the last part of the study.
Error Analysis of Korean Adult EFL Learners’ Oral Production of English Interrogative Sentences
Authors:   The Korea English Language Testing Association, Park Tae-Ja
Published: December 2022

The purpose of this study is to examine the errors made by Korean adult EFL learners. To this end, it analyzed the spoken responses of the Question Elicitation task, one of all 10 tasks such as Read-aloud, Dialogue Completion, Map-cued Elicitation of Directions, Question and Answer-open-Ended, Question Elicitation, Paraphrasing a Short Narrative, Oral Interviews, Discussions, Picture-cued Storytelling, and Retelling a Story, from 82 adults who were attending a language institute for the purpose of learning English conversation. They were interviewed one-on-one for 25 minutes for the 10 tasks without any interaction with the interlocutor to elicit as much vocal production as possible. The spoken data elicited from the Question Elicitation task were analyzed by employing QSR NVivo 2.0. One finding was that misformation was found to be the most frequent error, followed by fluency errors, omission errors, addition errors, and misordering errors. Another noteworthy finding was that learners often used incorrect forms for pronouns and tense and tended to omit the plural suffix -s and prepositions. In addition, open-ended questions were dominantly used compared to closed questions. Based on these findings, this study suggests that adult learners should be continually provided with contexts and activities in which they can practice the different use of interrogative sentences.
An Examination of the Impact of Text Modification on EFL Reading Comprehension and Vocabulary Learning
Authors:   The Korea English Language Testing Association, Choi Yunjeong
Published: December 2022

The present study investigated the effect of different text types (original, elaborated, and simplified) on Korean EFL learners’ reading comprehension and incidental vocabulary learning, focusing on language proficiency as a moderator. Three groups of 110 Korean high school students participated, each reading a different type of text. Their reading comprehension was measured with a multiple-choice comprehension test and a recall protocol. In addition, the students’ incidental vocabulary learning was assessed by the achievement score in the pre- and post- vocabulary tests. A series of two-way ANOVA were conducted. The findings indicated that two modified texts (simplified and elaborated) were more effective for students’ reading comprehension than the original text. Although the difference in the effect between simplified and elaborated texts was not significant, students who read the elaborated text tended to produce more detailed descriptions and richer expressions in the recall protocol. In addition, the elaborated text was most effective for incidental vocabulary learning, whereas the simplified text was found to be least helpful. No interaction effect was found between text type and students’ language proficiency, but it was found that the effect of text types was marginally different according to language proficiency in incidental vocabulary learning.
Ad-Durūs ad-Da'wiyyah al-Mustafâdah min Hadits (Man Sanna Fil Islâm Sunnah Hasanah)
Authors: Yusdi Gozaly Ahmad , Mubarok Agus , Afina Yasyfi Azhar Zahra
Published: December 2022

هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى استنباط الدروس الدعوية من حديث (مَنْ سَنَّ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ سُنَّةً حَسَنَةً). فإن الداعية إلى الله تعالى يجب عليه أن يقتدي بالنبي صلى الله عليه وسلم علما وعملا، فهما وتطبيقا، حتى يكون على علم وبصيرة في دعوته، ولايتوصل إلى ذلك إلا بدراسة السنة النبوية. والمنهج الذي يسلك فيه الباحث هو المنهج الاستنباطي بحيث يستنبط من الحديث الدروس الدعوية المتعلقة بالداعي، والمدعو، وموضوع الدعوة، ووسائل وأساليبها. ونتائج هذا البحث تتجلى في الدروس الدعوية المستفادة منها ما يتعلق بصفات الداعية كالرحمة والشفقة على المسلمين، والجود والكرم، والمخالطة مع الناس. ومن الدروس ما يتعلق بالمدعو كالاستجابة للدعوة والمبادرة بالامتثال، وترغيب الآخرين وتشجيعهم على الامتثال مثله. وأما موضوع الدعوة المستفادة فهو الصدقة، والتكافل الاجتماعي، وإحياء السنة الحسنة والتحذير من البدعة والسنة السيئة. وأساليب الدعوة المستفادة من الحديث: أسلوب الحكمة والموعظة الحسنة. ووسائل الدعوة المستفادة من الحديث: الخطبة، واستخدام لغة الجسد

This study aims to examine the hadith of the Prophet Muhammad, because a Da'i must follow Him in da’wah. This research uses a deductive method by studying the hadith and concluding the values ​​of da'wah contained in it. The results of this study conclude that in the hadith of Jarir bin Abdullah there are da'wah values ​​that can be taken advantage of, such as the nature of a Da’i to be compassionate, generous, and likes to get along with the community. Likewise, the object of da'wah must hasten to do charity, and invite others to join in charity as well. The da'wah material contained in the hadith is about alms, mutual cooperation, and reviving the good sunnah. While the method used is the method of wisdom and mau'idzah hasanah, and the means of da'wah used are sermons and body language

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji hadits Rasulullah SAW dan menganalisa nilai-nilai dakwah yang terkandung di dalamnya, karena seorang Da’i harus mengikuti Rasulullah SAW dalam berdakwah, baik yang terkait tentang sifat seorang Da’i, objek dakwah, materi dakwah, maupun tentang metode dan sarana dakwah. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deduktif dengan mempelajari hadits Rasulullah SAW dan menyimpulkan nilai-nilai dakwah yang terkandung di dalamnya. Hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa pada hadits Jarir bin Abdullah terdapat nilai-nilai dakwah yang dapat diambil manfaatnya seperti sifat seorang Da’i harus penyayang, dermawan, dan suka bergaul dengan masyarakat. Begitu pula objek dakwah harus bersegera dalam beramal, serta mengajak orang lain agar ikut beramal pula. Adapun materi dakwah yang terdapat dalam hadits adalah tentang sedekah, gotong-royong, dan menghidupkan sunnah yang baik. Sedangkan metode yang digunakan adalah metode hikmah dan mau’idzah hasanah, dan sarana dakwah yang digunakan adalah khutbah dan bahasa tubuh.
Al-Jam’u fī Sūrah Al-Nūr; Anwā’uhu wa I’rabuhu (Dirāsah Tahlīliyah Nahwiyah)
Authors: Kristiana  , Mantsura  , Mulyadi
Published: December 2022

الجمع أحد الموضوعات في اللغة العربية المهمة معرفته وملاحظته للتمييز بين الجمع والمفرد أو الجمع نفسها. يهدف هذا البحث إلى معرفة الآيات التي ورد فيها الجمع في سورة النور، ومعرفة أنواع الجمع الواردة في سورة النور، ومعرفة إعراب الجمع الوارد في سورة النور. وهذا البحث يسلك المنهج الوصفي لنيل البيانات والتحليلات عن أنواع الجمع في سورة النور وإعرابه، بالطريقة المكتبية. أثبت هذا البحث أنواع الجمع الواردة في سورة النور أنها ثلاثة أنواع وهي الأول: أن الآية الواردة فيها الجمع هي  جمع المذكر السالم بعدد 33 كلمة. والثاني: جمع المؤنث السالم  وعدده 38 كلمة. والثالث: جمع التكسير وعدده 78 كلمة. ومجموع عدد الجمع الموجود 160 كلمة. أما الإعراب فقد تيبن مواقعه في 12 حالة. وهي: المبتدأ، والخبر، والفاعل، والحال، واسم معطوف، واسم صفة، ومفعول به، وخبر كان، واسم مجرور، ومضاف إليه، والبدل، اسم كان

Jamak is one component of arabic language is very important to know and observe for can distinguish between one jamak with mufrad or one jamak with another. The purpose of this study is to find out the various jamak in surah an-Nur and to find what the i’rab jamak in the surah an-Nur. This study followed a descriptive analysis techniques to obtion information and analysis result of the various plurals in the surah an-Nur and i’rab. This study has proven that there are 4 types of jamak in surah an-Nur. First, the jamak muzakkar Salim consist of 33 words. Second, the jamak muannats salim consist 38 words. Third, the jamak taksir consist of 78 words. And, the total of jamak in the  surah an-Nur is 160 words.as for the jamak i’rab in surah an-Nur there are 12 conditions, namely: mubtada, khabar, fa’il, hal, ism ma’thuf, ism sifat, ism kana, badal, mudhaf ilaihi

Jamak merupakan salah satu komponen dalam bahasa Arab yang sangat penting untuk diketahui dan diamati supaya dapat membedakan antara satu kata jamak dengan lainnya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui macam-macam jamak dalam surah an-Nur dan untuk mengetahui bagaimana i’rabnya. Penelitian ini mengikuti pendekatan deskriptif dan tehnik analisis deskriptif untuk memperoleh hasil keterangan serta analisis dari macam-macam jamak pada surah an-Nur dan i’rabnya. Penelitian ini telah membuktikan bahwa terdapat 4 macam jamak dalam surah an-Nur, Pertama, jamak muzakkar salim terdiri dari 33 kata. Kedua, jamak muannats salim terdiri dari 38 kata. Ketiga, jamak taksir terdiri dari 78 kata. Dan jumlah keseluruhannya adalah 160 kata. Adapun i’rab jamak pada surah an-Nur ada 12 keadaan, yaitu ; mubtada, khabar, fa’il, hal, ism ma’thuf, ism sifat, mudhaf ilaih, badal, dan ism kana
International Service-Learning: Proposal for A Multi-Dimensional Model for Student Selection
Authors: Narayanan Akhila , R Malini , Nayagam Justin R.
Published: December 2022

In an age where students display competency in diverse fields of activities, selecting qualified candidates from an assorted group for a service-learning exchange program demands a multidimensional approach. The framework for student selection for International Service-Learning (ISL) at Union Christian College (UCC) has been designed bearing this in mind. Its value increases when there is a proportionally higher number of applicants for a limited number of slots. Practiced for the last three years (2018-2021), the model has been designed using seven-fold criteria. The compositely designed rubric examines Q&A responses, perspectives on SL, and problem solving skills at various stages in the assessment. Each assessment level is graded from A to D, with highest A and least D. The evaluation is conducted to assess student social commitment, community engagement, leadership qualities and personal initiatives. The process of enriching writing skills and designing SL activities for diverse communities during the SL committee selection process prepares students to meet challenges in the field. Students prepared under such a method are selected for ISL.
Assessment of the State of Competition in the Tourist Market of Ukraine
Authors: Shelemetieva T. V.
Published: December 2022

The article evaluates the intensity of competition and the level of monopolization in the tourism market of Ukraine. It is noted that the most important feature of the tourist market of Ukraine is the intensity of competition – the struggle between tourist organizations for the most favorable conditions of production and sale in order to achieve better business results and business development. In such conditions, the assessment of the intensity of competition and the level of monopolization of the tourism market will allow companies to develop their pricing, product, sales and communication policies, to shape their strategy and tactics of behavior in the market.
It is noted that among the indicators most often used to assess the intensity of competition in the industry: market concentration index, Rosenbluth index (Hall-Tydman), Herfindahl-Hirschman index and the relative concentration ratio. It is possible to assess the efficiency of a tourist enterprise, as well as to predict the prospects of its development with the help of a traditional tool – market share. It demonstrates the place of a travel company in the relevant market segment among competitors.
It is proved that the information base for the analysis of competition in the market of tourist services of Ukraine is statistical and accounting of enterprises of various types for which tourism is the main, statistics of the Main Department of Statistics of Ukraine, State Agency for Tourism Development of Ukraine, State Statistics Service of Ukraine.
The rating of tour operators of Ukraine by the number of served tourists was assessed. It is determined that the leaders in the tourist market and the largest share in the number of tourists served are tour operators “Join UP!”, Travel Company “Anex Tour”, “TEZ Tour”, “Coral Travel”.
Indicators of intensity of competition in the tourist market of Ukraine for 2018-2019 are calculated. According to the indicators for assessing the intensity of competition in the market, it was noted that the market is non-monopolized, low-concentrated (moderately concentrated) and high-intensity competition.
The results of the assessment of the intensity of competition can be used in the formation of competitive strategies of tour operators in Ukraine, in deciding on the entry of new enterprises in the industry or on the feasibility of continuing to operate effectively in existing firms.

Keywords
estimation, tourist market, competition, intensity, monopolization, indicators, index, coefficient.
Problems of the Development of Domestic Leasing Companies in Crisis Conditions
Authors: Shevchenko N. V. , Pushak H. I.
Published: December 2022

A study was conducted on the importance of leasing companies in the development of the modern domestic credit market. It was determined that the main objects of the leasing loan in Ukraine are: industrial machinery, construction machinery, cars and various equipment, and the subjects are both economic entities and natural persons. The main negative factors affecting the development of leasing companies in Ukraine are considered and highlighted. It was determined that Ukraine ranks only 41st in terms of the volume of leasing agreements, although the volume of industrial enterprises in Ukraine. It has been proven that the economic climate, inflationary consequences, war, protracted pandemic, increase in the exchange rate of the national currency, inefficiency of information development of leasing companies, inconsistency of the legislative framework, low level of support from the state have a significant impact on the volumes and efficiency of the activity of leasing companies.
The relationship between leasing volumes and individual industries, which are the largest clients of the leasing sector, has been established. It was determined that from the middle of 2020, the National Bank of Ukraine will be the regulator of the activities of domestic credit unions, which separates leasing companies from financial intermediation. It has been proven that there are internal factors restraining the development of leasing services: lack of clear and timely submission of financial statements of leasing companies in accordance with international standards; reluctance to conduct an internal audit of activities (at least once every three years to find directions for own financial optimization); lack of calculation of indicators of financial status and potential; lack of a developed risk management program; lack of a marketing strategy (developed modern sites, holding conferences and webinars) information development; low level of trust in credit service market regulators.

Keywords
credit, leasing, financial leasing, leasing companies, industrial enterprises, leasing agreement.