bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sequential galvanic replacement mediated Pd-doped hollow Ru–Te nanorods for enhanced hydrogen evolution reaction mass activity in alkaline media
Authors: Ahn Hojung , Cho Sanghyuk , Park Jung Tae , Jang Hongje
Published: September 2022

Preparation of Pd-doped hollow Ru–Te nanorods for the HERviasuccessive galvanic replacement.
Chloride-ion-directed synthesis of plate-like Cu2O mesocrystals for effective nitrogen fixation
Authors: Wang Jie , Tang Fu , Gao Junheng , Yao Chuang , Zhang Sheng , Li Lidong
Published: September 2022

Plate-like Cu2O mesocrystals are synthesized under the regulation of Cl− and polyacrylamide (PAM), and they show an efficient N2-fixation ability.
Recent advances in high-crystalline conjugated organic polymeric materials for photocatalytic CO2conversion
Authors: Yang Fengyi , Qu Jiafu , Zheng Yang , Cai Yahui , Yang Xiaogang , Li Chang Ming , Hu Jundie
Published: September 2022

This review summarizes the current advanced high-crystalline conjugated organic polymeric materials for photocatalytic CO2conversion.
Recent advances in C–H functionalization of 2H-indazoles
Authors: Yang Zixian , Yu Jin-Tao , Pan Changduo
Published: September 2022

Advances in the late-stage functionalization of 2H-indazoles, including C3-functionalization,orthoC2′–H functionalization and remote C–H functionalization at the benzene ring of 2H-indazoles, are reviewed.
Polymer architecture dictates thermoreversible gelation in engineered emulsions stabilised with branched copolymer surfactants
Authors: Rajbanshi A. , da Silva M. A. , Murnane D. , Porcar L. , Dreiss C. A. , Cook M. T.
Published: September 2022

Polymer architecture allows control of thermoreversible gelation in branched copolymer-stabilised emulsions.
Retraction: Design of 1-methylimidazolium tricyanomethanide as the first nanostructured molten salt and its catalytic application in the condensation reaction of various aromatic aldehydes, amides and β-naphthol compared with tin dioxide nanoparticles
Authors: Zolfigol Mohammad Ali , Baghery Saeed , Moosavi-Zare Ahmad Reza , Vahdat Seyed Mohammad , Alinezhad Heshmatollah , Norouzi Mohammad
Published: September 2022

Retraction of ‘Design of 1-methylimidazolium tricyanomethanide as the first nanostructured molten salt and its catalytic application in the condensation reaction of various aromatic aldehydes, amides and β-naphthol compared with tin dioxide nanoparticles’ by Mohammad Ali Zolfigol et al., RSC Adv., 2015, 5, 45027–45037, https://doi.org/10.1039/C5RA02718G.
A multiscale simulation on the formation mechanism of crotonaldehyde and the influence of operating parameters on the process during the production of vinyl acetate from acetylene
Authors: Zhang Minhua , Zhou Baofeng , Chen Yifei , Gong Hao
Published: September 2022

Excessive operating temperatures and pressures can cause uncontrolled temperatures and even explosions in acetylene to vinyl acetate reactions.
Modulating luminescence and assembled shapes of ultrasmall Au nanoparticles towards hierarchical information encryption
Authors: Zhou Tingyao , Jiang Xingyu
Published: September 2022

A robust strategy is reported forin situsynthesis of Au nanoassemblies with tunable emission and controllable shapes. Utilizing excitation-dependent emission from red to NIR-II, hierarchical encryption is presented in a two-step decoding manner.
Thiazole fused S,N-heteroacene step-ladder polymeric semiconductors for organic transistors
Authors: Attar Salahuddin , Yang Rui , Chen Zhihui , Ji Xiaozhou , Comí Marc , Banerjee Sarbajit , Fang Lei , Liu Yao , Al-Hashimi Mohammed
Published: September 2022

Ladder-type thiazole-fused S,N-heteroacenes with an extended π-conjugation consisting of six (SN6-Tz) and nine (SN9-Tz) fused aromatic rings have been synthesized and fully characterized.
Failure analysis of the Ge-substituted Li6PS5I with bare LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 and performance improvement via Li2ZrO3 coating
Authors: Zhang Ziqi , Yao Jingming , Yu Chuang , Xu Ruonan , Ma Jun , Wei Chaochao , Peng Linfeng , Zhang Long , Cheng Shijie , Xie Jia
Published: September 2022

A facile synthesis of a Ge-substituted Li6PS5I electrolyte with a high ionic conductivity of 13.1 mS cm−1 is reported, along with the failure analysis and performance improvement of solid-state batteries using LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 cathodes.
An insight into the photo-generation of H2 and a carbon fuel additive from biomass-derived ethanol: boosting the bio-chemical economy
Authors: Chauhan Deepak K. , Sarkar Madhurima , Patra Abhijit , Kailasam Kamalakannan
Published: September 2022

Photocatalytic dehydrogenation of biomass derived ethanol: boosting bio-chemical economy.
Small-molecule Wnt inhibitors are a potential novel therapy for intestinal fibrosis in Crohns disease
Authors: Lewis Amy , Sánchez Saray , Berti Giulio , Pan-Castillo Belen , Nijhuis Anke , Mehta Shameer , Eleid Liliane , Gordon Hannah , Gadhok Radha , Kimberley Christopher , Minicozzi Annamaria , Chin-Aleong Joanne , Feakins Roger , Kypta Robert , Lindsay James Oliver , Silver Andrew
Published: September 2022

Intestinal fibrosis and stricture formation is an aggressive complication of Crohns disease (CD), linked to increased morbidity and costs. The present study investigates the contribution of Wingless-Int-1 (Wnt) signalling to intestinal fibrogenesis, considers potential cross-talk between Wnt and transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ) signalling pathways, and assesses the therapeutic potential of small-molecule Wnt inhibitors.

β-catenin expression was explored by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in formalin-fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) tissue from patient-matched nonstrictured (NSCD) and strictured (SCD) intestine (n=6 pairs). Functional interactions between Wnt activation, TGFβ signalling, and type I collagen (Collagen-I) expression were explored in CCD-18Co cells and primary CD myofibroblast cultures established from surgical resection specimens (n=16) using small-molecule Wnt inhibitors and molecular techniques, including siRNA-mediated gene knockdown, immunofluorescence (IF), Wnt gene expression arrays, and western blotting. Fibrotic SCD tissue was marked by an increase in β-catenin-positive cells. In vitro, activation of Wnt-β-catenin signalling increased Collagen-I expression in CCD-18Co cells. Conversely, ICG-001, an inhibitor of β-catenin signalling, reduced Collagen-I expression in cell lines and primary CD myofibroblasts. TGFβ increased β-catenin protein levels but did not activate canonical Wnt signalling. Rather, TGFβ up-regulated WNT5B, a noncanonical Wnt ligand, and the Wnt receptor FZD8, which contributed directly to the up-regulation of Collagen-I through a β-catenin-independent mechanism. Treatment of CCD-18Co fibroblasts and patient-derived myofibroblasts with the FZD8 inhibitor 3235-0367 reduced extracellular matrix (ECM) expression. Our data highlight small-molecule Wnt inhibitors of both canonical and noncanonical Wnt signalling, as potential antifibrotic drugs to treat SCD intestinal fibrosis. They also highlight the importance of the cross-talk between Wnt and TGFβ signalling pathways in CD intestinal fibrosis.
Development and prospect of monitoring and prevention methods of icing disaster in China power grid
Authors: Dong Bingbing , Jiang Xingliang , Yin Fanghui
Published: September 2022

Icing disaster is one of the most serious threats to power grid security in China. This article provides a brief glance of current China's monitoring and prevention methods of icing disaster (MPI) development status. Despite a late start, China's research and development on MPI have made outstanding achievements, including formation mechanism causing ice disaster, key technologies and characteristics, and anti/de‐icing approaches development and application. It is apparent that Chinese scientists and engineers confronted the worldwide problem of anti/de‐icing, and put forward a comprehensive solution, which plays a more critical role in icing disaster prevention and reduction of power grid during the past 15 years. The article states that the anti/de‐icing devices have been applied successively to severe icing issues. These achievements are leading the world in the development and application of MPI. However, it is only at the extreme ice and snow conditions that can test and verify whether prevention methods are comprehensive and perfect or not. And the authors discovered the application limitations in the existing achievements. The article also discusses the overall development trends of MPI in the areas of key technological and technical breakthroughs and application scenarios etc. These discussions serve as references for MPI's future technological advancement and its ever‐expanding applications.
Special‐angle‐based signal injection sensorless control of IPMSM for suppressing multiple zero‐crossings of phase current
Authors: Tian Lisi , Wang Zaixiang , Zhang Hao , Wang Zheng , Guo Xin
Published: September 2022

Pulsating high‐frequency signal injection has the problem of multiple zero‐crossings when the phase current crosses zero‐point, which deteriorates the distortion of high‐frequency current caused by the zero‐current‐clamping effect. Thus, the accuracy of position observation is affected. To suppress multiple zero‐crossings, improved sinusoidal and square‐wave signal injection schemes are proposed. First, the relationship between the injection angle of the high‐frequency signal and the phase of the high‐frequency response current amplitude function is analysed. Based on the relationship, a special injection angle is calculated. By injecting the pulsating signal in the obtained special angle, the phase of the high‐frequency current is shifted. The amplitude of the high‐frequency response current is minimum when the fundamental frequency current crosses zero, thus reducing zero‐crossing points of phase current. Furthermore, the error signal extraction scheme applicable to arbitrary angle injection is designed to observe rotor position. The proposed high‐frequency signal injection method minimises the zero‐crossings of the phase current at any value of the torque angle. Both of the novel sinusoidal pulsating injection sensorless control scheme and square‐wave injection sensorless control scheme are confirmed by experiments on a 2.2‐kW interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) drive platform.
A novel approach to touch voltage risk assessment for gas pipelines in shared transmission corridors
Authors: Chan Keith Man‐Kei , Baguley Craig Antony , Madawala Udaya K.
Published: September 2022

Touch voltages are more likely to appear on long‐distance pipelines that lie in shared corridors with transmission lines. The touch voltage level varies with soil resistivity and can become hazardous while maintenance is being undertaken, necessitating risk assessment. Therefore, a novel approach is proposed that achieves better accuracy in the risk assessment of hazardous touch voltages appearing on pipelines than current approaches. The proposed approach incorporates soil resistivity measurements taken over a 1‐year period, allowing for the derivation of soil models, touch voltage hazard profiles versus time and, thus, a probability reduction factor that can be integrated into a probabilistic risk calculation. Using a probability reduction factor is a key aspect to improving the accuracy of risk assessment, allowing pipeline asset operators to clearly identify whether or not, risk mitigation action is required. Further, the proposed approach allows appropriate risk mitigation actions to be identified. The efficacy and significance of the proposed approach are demonstrated through a case study on an area of land near a shared gas pipeline and transmission line corridor. The case study results show how appropriate safety levels can be achieved by adjusting the number of work day per year and temporary protection settings.
Perturbed precessing ellipses as the building blocks of spiral arms in a barred galaxy with two pattern speeds
Authors: Harsoula M. , Efthymiopoulos C. , Contopoulos G. , Tzemos A. C.
Published: September 2022

Observations and simulations of barred spiral galaxies have shown that, in general, the spiral arms rotate at a different pattern speed to that of the bar. The main conclusion from the bibliography is that the bar rotates faster than the spiral arms with a double or even a triple value of angular velocity. The theory that prevails in explaining the formation of the spiral arms in the case of a barred spiral galaxy with two pattern speeds is the manifold theory, where the orbits that support the spiral density wave are chaotic, and are related to the manifolds emanating from the Lagrangian points L1 and L2 at the end of the bar. In the present study, we consider an alternative scenario in the case where the bar rotates fast enough in comparison with the spiral arms and the bar potential can be considered as a perturbation of the spiral potential. In this case, the stable elliptical orbits that support the spiral density wave (in the case of grand design galaxies) are transformed into quasiperiodic orbits (or 2D tori) with a certain thickness. The superposition of these perturbed preccesing ellipses for all the energy levels of the Hamiltonian creates a slightly perturbed symmetrical spiral density wave.
Radio interferometric imaging of RS Oph bipolar ejecta for the 2021 nova outburst
Authors: Munari U. , Giroletti M. , Marcote B. , O’Brien T. J. , Veres P. , Yang J. , Williams D. R. A. , Woudt P.
Published: September 2022

The recurrent nova and symbiotic binary RS Oph erupted again in August 2021 for its eighth known outburst. We observed RS Oph 34 days after the outburst at 5 GHz with the European VLBI Network (EVN). The radio image is elongated over the east–west direction for a total extension of about 90 mas (or about 240 AU at the Gaia DR3 distance d = 2.68−0.15+0.17 kpc), and shows a bright and compact central component coincident with the Gaia astrometric position, and two lobes east and west of it, expanding perpendicular to the orbital plane. By comparing with the evolution of emission-line profiles on optical spectra, we found the leading edge of the lobes to be expanding at ∼7550 km s−1, and i = 54° as the orbital inclination of the binary. The 2021 radio structure is remarkably similar to that observed following the 2006 eruption. The obscuring role of the density enhancement on the orbital plane (DEOP) is discussed in connection to the time-dependent visibility of the receding lobe in the background to the DEOP, and the origin of the triple-peaked profiles is traced to the ring structure formed by the nova ejecta impacting the DEOP.
Interplanetarymedium monitoring with LISA: Lessons from LISA Pathfinder
Authors: Cesarini A. , Grimani C. , Benella S. , Fabi M. , Sabbatini F. , Villani M. , Telloni D.
Published: September 2022

The Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) of the European Space Agency (ESA) will be the first low-frequency gravitational-wave observatory orbiting the Sun at 1 AU. The LISA Pathfinder (LPF) mission, aiming at testing the instruments to be located on board the LISA spacecraft (S/C), hosted, among the others, fluxgate magnetometers and a particle detector as parts of a diagnostics subsystem. These instruments allowed us to estimate the magnetic and Coulomb spurious forces acting on the test masses that constitute the mirrors of the interferometer. With these instruments, we also had the possibility to study the galactic cosmic-ray short term-term variations as a function of the particle energy and the associated interplanetary disturbances. Platform magnetometers and particle detectors will also be placed on board each LISA S/C. This work reports on an empirical method that allowed us to disentangle the interplanetary and onboard-generated components of the magnetic field by using the LPF magnetometer measurements. Moreover, we estimate the number and fluence of solar energetic particle events expected to be observed with the ESA Next Generation Radiation Monitor during the mission lifetime. An additional cosmic-ray detector, similar to that designed for LPF, in combination with magnetometers, would permit to observe the evolution of recurrent and non-recurrent galactic cosmic-ray variations and associated increases of the Interplanetary Magnetic Field at the transit of high-speed solar wind streams and interplanetary counterparts of coronal mass ejections. The diagnostics subsystem of LISA makes this mission also a natural multi-point observatory for space weather science investigations.
Descemet-Membran-Endothel-Keratoplastik in Kombination mit Pars-plana-Vitrektomie in komplexen Augen zur extensiven Gastamponade
Authors: Loi Yi Ming Emily , Geerling Gerd
Published: September 2022

Hintergrund Die DMEK ist ein etabliertes Verfahren, um endotheliale Hornhauterkrankungen zu behandeln. Dabei wird eine Endotamponade der Vorderkammer genutzt, um das Transplantat am
Empfängerbett zu fixieren. Bei Z. n. nach Aphakisierung, großen Irisdefekten oder fistulierender Glaukomoperation kommt es oft früh postoperativ zum Verlust der Gastamponade in den
Glaskörperraum oder nach subkonjunktival. Wir berichten über 3 Fälle, bei denen eine simultane Gastamponade der Vorder- und Hinterkammer durch primäre Kombination von DMEK und
23-G-Pars-plana-Vitrektomie (ppV) durchgeführt wurde.

Fallbeschreibungen Im 1. Fall zeigte sich bei einem 70-jährigen Mann früh postoperativ nach DMEK eine vollständige Gasdislokation in den Glaskörperraum, sodass ein Re-Bubbling in
Kombination mit einer 23-G-ppV durchgeführt wurde. In Fall 2 wurde bei einem 80-jährigen Mann aufgrund eines vorhandenen Ahmed-Glaukom-Implantates und in Fall 3 bei einer 61-jährigen Frau
mit traumatischer Aphakie die DMEK unmittelbar mit einer ppV kombiniert. In allen Fällen erfolgte eine bestmögliche Gasfüllung von Glaskörperraum und Vorderkammer mittels 20% SF6.
In Fall 2 wurde ein Re-Bubbling aufgrund einer partiellen Transplantatdehiszenz am 5. Tag nach DMEK erforderlich. In allen Fällen blieb der intraokulare Druck postoperativ kompensiert und es
kam trotz der visuslimitierenden komplexen Vorerkrankungen zu einem Visusanstieg.

Diskussion Die kombinierte Endotamponade von Vorder- und Hinterkammer im Rahmen einer DMEK mit 23-G-ppV kann bei Augen mit komplexer Vorgeschichte die Gasendotamponade verlängern und
so eine erfolgreiche Transplantatadhärenz sichern.
Decentralizing corporate governance? A praxeological inquiry
Authors: Mitchell Scott L. , Packard Mark D. , Clark Brent B.
Published: September 2022

The theory and practice of corporate governance has been in something of an arms race with corporate malefactors—as corporate governance mechanisms have incrementally advance, so too have the strategies of malefactors who skirt those governance practices to engage in costly misconduct. Modern centralized governance approaches appear inapt to filling the gaps caused by agency and knowledge problems. Here, we start afresh using the atypical ‘praxeological’ method to reconstruct governance theory anew from basic foundations. The resultant theory is distinctive from prevailing corporate governance theorizing in several key ways. One of the more important conclusions from our reconstructed theory is that governance may benefit from a more ‘market’ or decentralized approach. In short, the governance holes derived from agency and knowledge problems are, or may be, much smaller when governance is decentralized, where employees police each other. While the implementation of such a radical rethinking of governance practice is left ambiguous in our treatment, the theoretical basis for such an approach is compelling.
Community-scale big data reveals disparate impacts of the Texas winter storm of 2021 and its managed power outage
Authors: Lee Cheng-Chun , Maron Mikel , Mostafavi Ali
Published: September 2022

Aggregated community-scale data could be harnessed to provide insights into the disparate impacts of managed power outages, burst pipes, and food inaccessibility during extreme weather events. During the winter storm that brought historically low temperatures, snow, and ice to the entire state of Texas in February 2021, Texas power-generating plant operators resorted to rolling blackouts to prevent collapse of the power grid when power demand overwhelmed supply. To reveal the disparate impact of managed power outages on vulnerable subpopulations in Harris County, Texas, which encompasses the city of Houston, we collected and analyzed community-scale big data using statistical and trend classification analyses. The results highlight the spatial and temporal patterns of impacts on vulnerable subpopulations in Harris County. The findings show a significant disparity in the extent and duration of power outages experienced by low-income and minority groups, suggesting the existence of inequality in the management and implementation of the power outage. Also, the extent of burst pipes and disrupted food access, as a proxy for storm impact, were more severe for low-income and minority groups. Insights provided by the results could form a basis from which infrastructure operators might enhance social equality during managed service disruptions in such events. The results and findings demonstrate the value of community-scale big data sources for rapid impact assessment in the aftermath of extreme weather events.
Propulsive performance of a two-dimensional elliptic foil undergoing interlinked pitching and heaving
Authors: Patel Aayush , Bhardwaj Rajneesh
Published: September 2022

We computationally study the propulsive performance of a two-dimensional elliptic foil undergoing interlinked pitching-heaving motion. This motion is realized by pitching the foil about an axis on its centerline outside the foil and by varying the distance between the pitching point and the leading edge. A distance of 0 and −∞ corresponds to leading edge pitching and pure heaving. An in-house fluid-structure interaction solver based on the sharp interface immersed boundary method is employed to resolve the flow field around the foil. We conducted simulations for different cases of the location of the pitching axis and pitching frequency at a Reynolds number of 100. The thrust generation is explained by the dynamics of leading-edge and trailing-edge vortices. The wake corresponding to thrust is either reverse von Kármán or a deflected reverse von Kármán vortex street. Analysis revealed the existence of an optimal pitching point for maximum thrust or propulsive efficiency at a given reduced pitching frequency. The optimal regions of the thrust and propulsive efficiency are quantified as a function of reduced pitching frequency and the location of the pitching axis. The pitching point for the maximum thrust and efficiency is found to be different. We discuss the fluid-mechanical reasons for the variation of propulsive performance with the location of the pitching point and the pitching frequency and corroborate our reasoning with the wake signatures.
Higher order dynamic mode decomposition of an experimental trailing vortex
Authors: Gutierrez-Castillo P. , Garrido-Martin M. , Bölle T. , García-Ortiz J. H. , Aguilar-Cabello J. , del Pino C.
Published: September 2022

The decay of trailing vortices is a fundamental problem in fluid mechanics and constitutes the basis of control applications that intend to alleviate the wake hazard. In order to progress, we use the recently developed modal-decomposition technique to identify the governing dynamics in an experimental trailing vortex. A particular emphasis is on the difficulty and usefulness of applying such tools to noisy experimental data. We conducted a water-tunnel experiment at a chord-based Reynolds number Re=4×104 using stereoscopic particle image velocimetry measurements over a downstream range of 36 chords. The downstream evolution of the maximum of vorticity suggests that the whole wake can be partitioned into three consecutive regimes. A higher-order dynamic mode decomposition of the streamwise vorticity in each such part of the wake shows that the decay is well approximated by at most three modes. Additionally, our study provides evidence for the existence of several instabilities after the vortex roll up beyond about 6.5 chords.
Disentangling the size-dependent redox reactivity of iron oxides using thermodynamic relationships
Authors: Chen Gongde , Thompson Aaron , Gorski Christopher A.
Published: September 2022

Nanoparticles often exhibit size-dependent redox reactivities, with smaller particles being more reactive in some cases, while less reactive in others. Predicting trends between redox reaction rates and particle sizes is often complicated because a particle’s dimensions can simultaneously influence its aggregation state, reactive surface area, and thermodynamic properties. Here, we tested the hypothesis that interfacial redox reaction rates for nanoparticles with different sizes can be described with a single linear free-energy relationship (LFER) if size-dependent reactive surface areas and thermodynamic properties are properly considered. We tested this hypothesis using a well-known interfacial redox reaction: the reduction of nitrobenzene to aniline by iron-oxide-bound Fe
2+
. We measured the reduction potential (
E
H
) values of nano-particulate hematite suspensions containing aqueous Fe
2+
using mediated potentiometry and characterized the size and aggregation states of hematite samples at circumneutral pH values. We used the measured
E
H
values to calculate surface energies and reactive surface areas using thermodynamic relationships. Nitrobenzene reduction rates were lower for smaller particles, despite their larger surface areas, due to their higher surface energies. When differences in surface areas and thermodynamic properties were considered, nitrobenzene reduction kinetics for all particle sizes was described with a LFER. Our results demonstrate that when Fe
2+
serves as a reductant, an antagonistic effect exists, with smaller particles having larger reactive surface areas but also more positive reduction potentials. When Fe
3+
serves as an oxidant, however, these two effects work in concert, which likely explains past discrepancies regarding how iron oxide particle sizes influence redox reaction rates.
Highly sensitive single-cell chromatin accessibility assay and transcriptome coassay with METATAC
Authors: Wu Honggui , Li Xiang , Jian Fanchong , Yisimayi Ayijiang , Zheng Yinghui , Tan Longzhi , Xing Dong , Xie X. Sunney
Published: September 2022

Recent advances in single-cell assay for transposase accessible chromatin using sequencing (scATAC-seq) and its coassays have transformed the field of single-cell epigenomics and transcriptomics. However, the low detection efficiency of current methods has limited our understanding of the true complexity of chromatin accessibility and its relationship with gene expression in single cells. Here, we report a high-sensitivity scATAC-seq method, termed multiplexed end-tagging amplification of transposase accessible chromatin (METATAC), which detects a large number of accessible sites per cell and is compatible with automation. Our high detectability and statistical framework allowed precise linking of enhancers to promoters without merging single cells. We systematically investigated allele-specific accessibility in the mouse cerebral cortex, revealing allele-specific accessibility of promotors of certain imprinted genes but biallelic accessibility of their enhancers. Finally, we combined METATAC with our high-sensitivity single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) method, multiple annealing and looping based amplification cycles for digital transcriptomics (MALBAC-DT), to develop a joint ATAC–RNA assay, termed METATAC and MALBAC-DT coassay by sequencing (M2C-seq). M2C-seq achieved significant improvements for both ATAC and RNA compared with previous methods, with consistent performance across cell lines and early mouse embryos.
Qualitative properties for solutions to subcritical fourth order systems*
Authors: Andrade João Henrique , Do Ó João Marcos
Published: September 2022

We prove some qualitative properties for singular solutions to a class of strongly coupled system involving a Gross–Pitaevskii-type nonlinearity. Our main theorems are vectorial fourth order counterparts of the classical results due to Serrin (1964 Acta Math. 111 247–252), Lions (1980 J. Differ. Equ.
38 441–450), Aviles (1987 Commun. Math. Phys.
108 177–192), and Gidas and Spruck (1981 Commun. Pure Appl. Math.
34 525–598). On the technical level, we use the moving sphere method to classify the limit blow-up solutions to our system. Besides, applying asymptotic analysis, we show that these solutions are indeed the local models near the isolated singularity. We also introduce a new fourth order nonautonomous Pohozaev functional, whose monotonicity properties yield improvement for the asymptotics results due to Soranzo (1997 Potential Anal.
6 57–85).
Some generic properties of partially hyperbolic endomorphisms*
Authors: Costa J S C , Micena F
Published: September 2022

In this work, we deal with a notion of partially hyperbolic endomorphism. We explore topological properties of this definition and we obtain, among other results, obstructions to get center leaf conjugacy with the linear part, for a class of partially hyperbolic endomorphism C
1-sufficiently close to a hyperbolic linear endomorphism. Indeed such obstructions are related to the number of center directions of a point. We provide examples illustrating these obstructions. We show that for a manifold M with dimension n ⩾ 3, admitting a non-invertible partially hyperbolic endomorphisms, there is a C
1 open and dense subset

U

of all partially hyperbolic endomorphisms with degree d ⩾ n, such that any

f
∈
U

is neither c nor u special.
Implications of the cosmic birefringence measurement for the axion dark matter search
Authors: Obata Ippei
Published: September 2022

We show that a recent constraint on the cosmic birefringence effect due to dark energy can
be related to the constraints on the coupling of axion dark matter to photon, by relying on a
simple model of two-axion alignment mechanism with periodic potentials. Owing to the alignment of
the potentials, one linear combination of two fields provides a nearly flat direction and acts as
dark energy, whereas the other combination provides a steep direction and acts as dark matter.
This scenario solves the known conceptual issues of one-field model for dark energy and predicts
the connection between seemingly disparate constraints on the dark sectors of our universe.
Evolution of black holes through a nonsingular cosmological bounce
Authors: Corman Maxence , East William E. , Ripley Justin L.
Published: September 2022

We study the classical dynamics of black holes during a nonsingular cosmological bounce.
Taking a simple model of a nonsingular bouncing cosmology driven by the combination of a ghost and
ordinary scalar field, we use nonlinear evolutions of the Einstein equations to follow rotating
and non-rotating black holes of different sizes through the bounce. The violation of the null
energy condition allows for a shrinking black hole event horizon and we find that for sufficiently
large black holes (relative to the minimum Hubble radius) the black hole apparent horizon can
disappear during the contraction phase. Despite this, we show that most of the local cosmological
evolution remains largely unaffected by the presence of the black hole. We find that,
independently of the black hole's initial mass, the black hole's event horizon persists throughout
the bounce, and the late time dynamics consists of an expanding universe with a black hole of mass
comparable to its initial value.
Axion and FIMP dark matter in a 𝖴(1) extension of the Standard Model
Authors: Covi Laura , Khan Sarif
Published: September 2022

In the Standard Model a Dark Matter candidate is missing, but it is relatively
simple to enlarge the model including one or more suitable particles.
We consider in this paper one such extension, inspired by simplicity and
by the goal to solve more than just the Dark Matter issue.
Indeed we consider a local U(1) extension of the SM providing an
axion particle to solve the strong CP problem and including RH neutrinos
with appropriate mass terms. One of the latter is decoupled from the SM
leptons and can constitute stable sterile neutrino DM.
In this setting, the PQ symmetry arises only as an accidental symmetry
but its breaking by higher order operators is sufficiently suppressed to
avoid introducing a large θ contribution.
The axion decay constant and the RH neutrino masses are related
to the same v.e.v.s and the PQ scale and both DM densities are determined by
the parameters of the axion and scalar sector.
The model predicts in general a mixed Dark Matter
scenario with both axion and sterile neutrino DM and is characterised by
a reduced density and observational signals from each single component.
Mechanism of controlling robust and stable charging of open quantum batteries
Authors: Behzadi N , Kasani H
Published: September 2022

Quality of charging and discharging of energy in quantum batteries are mostly affected by environmental dissipations, so the advantages of using such devices depend on the protection of them from the dissipations. In this work, we show that under a certain engineering of coupling strengths of each reservoir modes with elements of charging process (charger and battery), the extension of dissipative reservoir leads to a robust charging against the arisen dissipation. The extension of reservoir is provided by auxiliary systems each of which is similar to the coupled charger–battery system and has the same interactions with the reservoir modes as of the charger and battery constituents. It is demonstrated that the robustness of charging process is well controlled by the number of involved auxiliary systems. Furthermore, a method for stable charging is proposed which provides storing energy in a loss-free dark state of the battery. Also, we observe that the robustness of charging process is related to formation of bound state for the total system (charger–battery-extended reservoir) which in turns can be manipulated by the number of involved auxiliary systems.
Bulk moduli of two-dimensional Yukawa solids and liquids obtained from periodic compressions
Authors: LU Shaoyu , HUANG Dong , SHAHZAD A , FENG Yan
Published: September 2022

Langevin dynamical simulations are performed to determine the bulk modulus in two-dimensional (2D) dusty plasmas from uniform periodic radial compressions. The bulk modulus is calculated directly from its physical definition of the ratio of the internal pressure/stress to the volume strain. Under various conditions, the bulk moduli obtained agree with the previous theoretical derivations from completely different approaches. It is found that the bulk moduli of 2D Yukawa solids and liquids are almost independent of the system temperature and the external compressional frequency.
Role of harvest depth filtration in controlling product-related impurities for a bispecific antibody
Authors: Espah Borujeni Ehsan , Jin Weixin , Shao Chun , Chennamsetty Naresh , Xu Xuankuo , Ghose Sanchayita
Published: September 2022

Background

Bispecific antibodies (BsAb) belong to a novel antibody category with advantages over traditional mono-specific therapeutic antibodies. However, product variants are also commonly seen during the production of BsAb, which poses significant challenges to downstream processing. In this study, the adsorptive characteristics of a BsAb product and its variants were investigated for a set of depth filters during primary recovery of the cell culture fluid.

Methods

The retention of the BsAb product and its variants on a set of Millistak+® D0HC and X0HC depth filters were first investigated, followed by studying the mechanism of their adsorption on the depth filters. The chemical and structural properties of depth filters along with the molecular properties of the product and its variants were studied subsequently.

Results

The X0HC filter was found to be able to retain a significant amount of low molecular weight (LMW) variants along with a low amount of main product retained. Different levels of retention, observed for these variants, were correlated to their different hydrophobic and charge characteristics in relation with the adsorptive properties of the depth filters used. Electrostatic, hydrophobic, and hydrogen bonding interactions were found to be the key forces to keep product variants retained on the depth filter where the higher hydrophobicity of the LMW variants may cause them to be preferentially retained.

Conclusion

Harvest depth filters potentially can be utilized for retaining the BsAb variants, which depends on relative molecular properties of the product and its variants and adsorptive properties of the depth filters used.
Functional Outcomes, Injury Variables, and Athlete Characteristics Associated with Post-Concussion Sleep Disturbance
Authors: Riegler Kaitlin E , Guty Erin T , Thomas Garrett A , Bradson Megan L , Arnett Peter A
Published: September 2022

Objective

To examine the relationship between sleep disturbance and functional outcomes following a concussion. Also, to explore athlete and injury-related variables that may be related to risk factors for poor sleep following concussion.

Method

124 collegiate athletes completed a neuropsychological evaluation within 14 days of sustaining a sport-related concussion (SRC). Athletes were categorized as sleep disturbed (n = 52) or not sleep disturbed (n = 72). Outcome variables included symptom reports, cognitive performance (mean performance and variability), and mood (depression). Injury characteristics and athlete characteristics explored were loss of consciousness (LOC) associated with the injury, whether the athlete was immediately removed from play, and history of prior concussions.

Results

Sleep disturbed athletes reported more symptoms, F(4, 119) = 7.82, p < 0.001, ƞ2 = 0.21, were more likely to be symptomatic at the time of testing, χ2(1, N = 124) = 19.79, p < 0.001, φ = 0.40, and were marginally more likely to experience clinically significant depression, χ2(1, N = 120) = 3.03, p = 0.08, φ = 0.16, than not sleep disturbed athletes. There were no cognitive differences between the groups, p > 0.05. A greater proportion of sleep disturbed athletes experienced LOC (30%) compared to not sleep disturbed athletes (13%), χ2(1, N = 118) = 4.99, p = 0.03, φ = −0.21.

Conclusion

Sleep disturbances following SRC are associated with a broad range of self-reported symptoms. LOC may be associated with an increased risk of developing sleep disturbances; alternatively, sleep disturbances may increase the risk of LOC following concussion.
Updated review of advances in microRNAs and complex diseases: towards systematic evaluation of computational models
Authors: Huang Li , Zhang Li , Chen Xing
Published: September 2022

Currently, there exist no generally accepted strategies of evaluating computational models for microRNA-disease associations (MDAs). Though K-fold cross validations and case studies seem to be must-have procedures, the value of K, the evaluation metrics, and the choice of query diseases as well as the inclusion of other procedures (such as parameter sensitivity tests, ablation studies and computational cost reports) are all determined on a case-by-case basis and depending on the researchers’ choices. In the current review, we include a comprehensive analysis on how 29 state-of-the-art models for predicting MDAs were evaluated. Based on the analytical results, we recommend a feasible evaluation workflow that would suit any future model to facilitate fair and systematic assessment of predictive performance.
QuickDeconvolution: fast and scalable deconvolution of linked-read sequencing data
Authors: Faure Roland , Lavenier Dominique
Published: September 2022

Motivation

Recently introduced, linked-read technologies, such as the 10× chromium system, use microfluidics to tag multiple short reads from the same long fragment (50–200 kb) with a small sequence, called a barcode. They are inexpensive and easy to prepare, combining the accuracy of short-read sequencing with the long-range information of barcodes. The same barcode can be used for several different fragments, which complicates the analyses.

Results

We present QuickDeconvolution (QD), a new software for deconvolving a set of reads sharing a barcode, i.e. separating the reads from the different fragments. QD only takes sequencing data as input, without the need for a reference genome. We show that QD outperforms existing software in terms of accuracy, speed and scalability, making it capable of deconvolving previously inaccessible data sets. In particular, we demonstrate here the first example in the literature of a successfully deconvoluted animal sequencing dataset, a 33-Gb Drosophila melanogaster dataset. We show that the taxonomic assignment of linked reads can be improved by deconvoluting reads with QD before taxonomic classification.

Availability and implementation

Code and instructions are available on https://github.com/RolandFaure/QuickDeconvolution.

Supplementary information

Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics Advances online.
Serious Case Reviews and Extra-Familial Harm: Missed and Emerging Opportunities to Develop Contextual Practices
Authors: Firmin Carlene , Manister Molly , Peace Delphine
Published: September 2022

The interpersonal harms that young people experience beyond their families have been documented internationally as have the challenges of protecting those effected using existing child welfare systems. Concern about this in the UK has led to development of ‘contextual’ child protection systems—capable of targeting the peer group, school and community contexts where extra-familial harm (EFH) occurs. This study examined whether reviews of serious incidents (serious case reviews (SCRs)) provide an evidence-base for understanding the contextual dynamics of EFH and/or developing contextual responses. SCRs (n = 49) from 2010–2020, where adolescents were harmed in extra-familial contexts, were analysed over two stages. Stage 1 involved thematic coding under four research questions. Using a framework analysis, Stage 1 themes were grouped around according to: contexts associated with EFH; the nature of social work responses and case review recommendations. Findings suggest that SCRs provide a limited account of the contextual dynamics of EFH. Whilst reviews illustrate that social work responses rarely address the contextual dynamics of EFH, many reviewers have neglected to focus on this shortfall when recommending service improvements. For case reviews to inform contextual child protection systems, information provided to review authors and the design of review requires adaptation.
Remdesivir Resistance in Transplant Recipients With Persistent Coronavirus Disease 2019
Authors: Hogan John I , Duerr Ralf , Dimartino Dacia , Marier Christian , Hochman Sarah E , Mehta Sapna , Wang Guiqing , Heguy Adriana
Published: September 2022

New mutations conferring resistance to SARS-CoV-2 therapeutics have important clinical implications. We describe the first cases of an independently acquired V792I RNA-dependent RNA polymerase mutation developing in renal transplant recipients after remdesivir exposure. Our work underscores the need for augmented efforts to identify concerning mutations and address their clinical implications.
365. PROGNOSTIC COMPARISON OF LYMPHOVASCULAR INVASION AND LYMPH NODE METASTASIS IN ESOPHAGEAL CANCER PATIENTS
Authors: Li Kexun , Leng Xue Feng , Nie Xin , Liu Kun , He Wenwu , Wang Qifeng , Luo Xi , Wang Chenghao , Wang Kangning , Liu Guangyuan , Wei Xing , Li Haojun , Zhou Qiang , Li Zhiyu , Jiang Longlin , Zheng Kai , Li Changding , Mao Tianqin , Luo Xi , Fang Qiang , Xiao WenGuang , Han Yongtao , Peng Lin
Published: September 2022

The incidence and mortality of esophageal cancer are high-ranking in the world, more than half of cases occur in China. The cornerstone of treatment for resectable esophageal cancer is esophagectomy. Lymphovascular invasion and lymph node metastasis are both vital prognostic factors for patients who have been through esophagectomy. But in fact, the combined influence of these two factors on prognosis remains controversial.

Samples were obtained from the Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute Esophageal Cancer Case Management Database (SCH-ECCM Database). We retrospectively analyzed esophageal cancer patients who underwent esophagectomy from Jan. 2010 to Dec. 2016. Patients were divided into two groups according to the postoperative pathological outcomes: patients with only lymph node metastasis were pointed into group A, patients with only lymphovascular invasion were distributed to group B. Clinical outcomes and survival data were compared using TNM stages of AJCC 8th edition.

After 68.1 months of median follow-up time, 1596 patients who received esophagectomy were included. The median overall survival (OS) was 45.9 months (95% CI 38.5–53.2). Only lymph node metastasis group achieved median OS of 34.9 months (95% CI 30.7–39.1), however, only lymphovascular invasion group did not reach the median OS time. The OS at 1, 3, and 5 years were 91%, 70%, and 64% in the only lymphovascular invasion group group, respectively. In the only lymph node metastasis group, the OS rates at 1, 3, and 5 years were 82%, 49%, and 37%, respectively (HR 0.438, 95% CI 0.3074–0.624, P = 0.0012).

Esophageal cancer patients with only lymph node metastasis had significantly worse OS than the patients with only lymphovascular invasion. It reveals that we should pay more attention to these risk factors, and further studies need to be done to stratify the accurate subgroups.
Evaluation of tumor regression by neoadjuvant chemotherapy regimens for esophageal adenocarcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Chidambaram Swathikan , Sounderajah Viknesh , Maynard Nick , Owen Richard , Markar Sheraz R
Published: September 2022

Locally advanced esophageal adenocarcinomas (EACs) are treated with multimodal therapy, namely surgery, neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) or chemoradiotherapy (CRT) depending on patient and tumor level factors. Yet, there is little consensus on choice of the optimum systemic therapy. To compare the pathological complete response (pCR) after FLOT, non-FLOT-based chemotherapy and chemoradiotherapy regimes in patients with EACs. A systematic review of the literature was performed using MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane Review and Scopus databases. Studies were included if they had investigated the use of chemo(radio)therapy regimens in the neoadjuvant setting for EAC and reported the pCR rates. A meta-analysis of proportions was performed to compare the pooled pCR rates between FLOT, non-FLOT and CRT cohorts. We included 22 studies that described tumor regression post-NAC. Altogether, 1,056 patients had undergone FLOT or DCF regimes, while 1,610 patients had received ECF or ECX. The pCR rates ranged from 3.3% to 54% for FLOT regimes, while pCR ranged between 0% and 31% for ECF/ECX protocols. Pooled random-effects meta-meta-analysis of proportions showed a statistically significant higher incidence of pCR in FLOT-based chemotherapy at 0.148 (95%CI: 0.080, 0.259) compared with non-FLOT-based chemotherapy at 0.074 (95%CI: 0.042, 0.129). However, pCR rates were significantly highest at 0.250 (95%CI: 0.202, 0.306) for CRT. The use of enhanced FLOT-based regimens have improved the pCR rates for chemotherapeutic regimes but still falls short of pathological outcomes from CRT. Further work can characterize clinical responses to neoadjuvant therapy and determine whether an organ-preservation strategy is feasible.