bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pulmonary Hemorrhage following Edge-to-Edge Mitral Valve Repair
Authors: Ayache Mirna B. , Mayuga Myttle A. , ElAmm Chantal , Attizzani Guilherme , Kazakov Jordan
Published: June 2017

Mitral valve repair with the MitraClip device has emerged as an effective treatment option for patients with severe mitral regurgitation and contraindications for surgical interventions. While the procedure is not known to cause pulmonary complications, we describe two cases of pulmonary hemorrhage following percutaneous mitral valve repair. The patients did well with supportive care and reinitiation of anticlotting agents was well tolerated after resolution of bleeding.
Adrenal Rest Tumor of the Liver Preoperatively Diagnosed as Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Enjoji Megumu , Sanada Katsuya , Seki Ryota , Ito Takashi , Maeda Masato
Published: June 2017

Background.Hepatic adrenal rest tumors are rare and show similar findings to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). It is difficult to distinguish an adrenal rest tumor from HCC due to radiological similarity. We report a case of an adrenal rest tumor in the liver that mimicked HCC radiologically.Case Presentation.A 67-year-old female was referred to our hospital due to the finding of a hepatic mass. Enhanced computed tomography revealed a 17 mm well-defined tumor that was enhanced in the arterial phase and washed out in the portal and delayed phase in the posterosuperior subsegment of the right hepatic lobe, and HCC was suspected. We performed a subsegmental resection of the liver. Microscopic findings showed that the tumor was composed of pale cells, and tumor cells were aligned in alveolar or fascicular arrangements in a similar manner to features of adrenocortical tissue. Immunohistochemically, the tumor expressed synaptophysin and CD56. The final histopathologic diagnosis in this case was an adrenal rest tumor of the liver.Conclusions.An adrenal rest tumor is similar to HCC in radiological findings. This hepatic tumor should be added to the list of radiological differential diagnoses of hypervascular hepatic tumors.
Gust Response Analysis for Helicopter Rotors in the Hover and Forward Flights
Authors: Wang Linpeng , Dai Yuting , Yang Chao
Published: June 2017

Dynamic load due to gust for helicopter rotors directly affects the structural stress and flight performance. In case of gust, it may cause the loss of trust force or the increase of deflection for rotors. In current work, an effective coupled aeroelastic model based on a medium-deflection beam theory and a nonlinear unsteady aerodynamic model in the time domain were constructed. Three types of gust in vertical direction were added in the model. The dynamic response and structural load for helicopter rotors under three types of gust were calculated, respectively. Results indicated that when rotors suffer a gust in hover at downward direction, the thrust force on rotor disk would decrease significantly when the gust amplitude increases, which should be paid attention in the design. Among the three gust types with the same gust strength, the maximum instantaneous shear force due to impulse shape gust is the largest. When the rotors suffer a gust in a forward flight, the shear force at the root of rotors would increase with the gust strength first but then it decreases. More attention should be paid to the decrease of thrust force and the increase of structural load in a forward flight.
Interval Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Rectum
Authors: Ramai Daryl , Changela Kinesh , Lai Jonathan , Shahzad Ghulamullah , Reddy Madhavi
Published: June 2017

Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the rectum is a rare clinical entity with an incidence rate of 0.1–0.25% per 1,000 cases. Though its etiology and pathogenesis remains unclear, it has been associated with chronic inflammation and infections. Herein, we report a case of an 82-year-old female who presented with a 2-month history of worsening abdominal pain, hematochezia, and bilateral inguinal lymphadenopathy with right-sided purulent discharge. Two years prior, she had had an unremarkable screening colonoscopy which met all quality indicators. Abdominal CT scan showed an irregular rectal mass with bulky pelvic and retroperitoneal adenopathy. Colonoscopy revealed one large circumferential nonobstructing lesion in the rectum. Endoscopic ultrasound confirmed its origin from the rectal wall with an enlarged perirectal lymph node. Cold biopsy followed by histopathology revealed SCC of the rectum.
Preventive Effect of Rifampicin on Alzheimer Disease Needs at Least 450 mg Daily for 1 Year: An FDG-PET Follow-Up Study
Authors: Iizuka Tomomichi , Morimoto Kozo , Sasaki Yuka , Kameyama Masashi , Kurashima Atsuyuki , Hayasaka Kazumasa , Ogata Hideo , Goto Hajime
Published: June 2017

Background: Rifampicin was reported to inhibit amyloid-β oligomerization and tau hyperphosphorylation in mouse models and could serve as a promising available medicine for the prevention of Alzheimer disease (AD). To examine whether rifampicin has such preventive effects in humans, we retrospectively reviewed 18F-FDG-PET findings of elderly patients with mycobacterium infection treated with rifampicin. Methods: Forty nondemented elderly patients treated with rifampicin for mycobacterium infections who showed AD-type hypometabolism were enrolled. The hypometabolic patterns were evaluated with stereotaxic statistical analysis and region of interest analysis. Results: Before treatment, AD-type hypometa bolism was observed in 12 patients. The FDG uptake in the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) was improved or stabilized in 6 patients after 12-month therapy (450 mg/day), whereas another 6 patients with 6-month therapy showed a decreased FDG uptake in the PCC. In patients who underwent FDG-PET only after treatment, the metabolic decline in the PCC was significantly milder in patients with ≥12 months of rifampicin treatment than in those with 6 months of treatment. Multiple regression analysis revealed that the dose of rifampicin and treatment duration significantly influenced FDG uptake in the PCC. Conclusion: The preventive effect of rifampicin depended on the dose and the treatment duration, and the effect needs at least 450 mg daily for 1 year.
A CARASIL Patient from Americas with Novel Mutation and Atypical Features: Case Presentation and Literature Review
Authors: Ibrahimi Muhammad , Nozaki Hiroaki , Lee Angelica , Onodera Osamu , Reichwein Raymond , Wicklund Matthew , El-Ghanem Mohammad
Published: June 2017

Objective: Reporting a novel mutation in the HTRA1 gene in a CARASIL patient from Americas. Methods: Clinical presentation and neuroimaging were consistent with CARASIL. HTRA1 DNA sequencing was performed using advanced (“next generation”) sequencing technology. The results revealed a homozygous missense mutation as c.616G>A (p.Gly206Arg) in the HTRA1 gene. Results: A 24-year-old man with a history of chronic back pain presented with recurrent ischemic strokes. A diagnosis of CARASIL was made with the finding of a novel homozygous missense mutation c.616G>A in HTRA1 gene, resulting in change from Glycine to Arginine in the Serine Protease HTRA1. Brain imaging showed multiple lacunar infarcts with extensive abnormalities of the white matter that spared the external capsules. He also had unilateral decreased hearing with craniofacial asymmetry. None of the above features have been previously described in known CARASIL patients. Both parents of the proband were heterozygous for the same missense mutation. Conclusion: We discovered a novel missense mutation (c.616G>A) associated with a phenotype of CARASIL. This is the first genetically backed case of CARASIL in the new world. The patient's craniofacial abnormalities, including asymmetry of the head, may be related to impaired modulation of transforming growth factor-β1, the result of loss of proteolytic activity of HTRA1. External capsules remained unaffected, despite findings of advanced changes in the rest of the cerebral white matter. Literature is briefly reviewed. The patient's history, neurological exam, neuroimaging, and genetic testing are included.
The Development of the Dementia Screening Battery-100: Instrument Presentation, Reliability, and Construct Validity
Authors: Bellaj Tarek , Ben Jemaa Sonia , Khelifa Maher , Ben Djebara Mona , Gouider Riadh , Le Gall Didier
Published: June 2017

Background/Aim: The screening of dementia in non-Westerners has so far relied on translations and adaptations of reputed instruments. Other efforts focused on developing culturally appropriate tests or tests in touch with new developments in the field. This study presents the rationale behind the construction of a new dementia screening test: the Dementia Screening Battery-100 (DSB-100). Methods: The DSB-100 was administered to 46 demented individuals and 159 healthy matched controls. All demented participants met the DSM-IV criteria for dementia. The healthy controls showed no cognitive impairment and were independent in activities of daily living. The DSB-100 was administered as part of a larger neuropsychological assessment to collect additional indices on the severity of patients’ dementia, depression, and frontal dysfunctions. The same information was used for comparisons with DSB-100 scores. Results: Multiple regression analysis suggested that age and education, but not the variable sex, are essential in predicting cognitive performance. Construct validation yielded 4 factors, namely attention-visuospatial factors, memory, language, and executive functions. The results showed that the DSB-100 has a high interrater reliability and an acceptable overall internal homogeneity. Conclusion: These results validate the DSB-100 and suggest its appropriateness for dementia screening in Tunisian elderly and possibly elderly people from other cultures with modifications to some subscales.
ВИВЧЕННЯ СТАНУ СИСТЕМИ ІМУНІТЕТУ У МОБІЛІЗОВАНИХ ТА ВІЙСЬКОВОСЛУЖБОВЦІВ ЗА КОНТРАКТОМ ПІД ЧАС АТО, ХВОРИХ НА ГРЗ
Authors: Tkachuk S. I. , Trykhlib V. I. , Sliusarev O. A. , Raksha- Sliusareva O. A.
Published: June 2017

Мета роботи – розробка способу виявлення прихованої недостатності функції системи імунітету наоснові цитоморфологічних досліджень, виявлення й визначення вмісту атипових, морфологічно змінених лімфоцитів у військовослужбовців із хворобами органів дихання.Пацієнти і методи. Наведено інформацію про цитоморфологічні зміни формених елементів крові у 84 хворих на ГРЗ військовослужбовців. Вміст лейкоцитів периферичної крові та відносний вміст елементів лейкограми периферичної крові визначали за допомогою звичайних методів. Приховану недостатність системи імунітету за показниками функціонально здатних й атипових лімфоцитів визначали за методом Ракші-Слюсаревої та співавторів, 2016.Результати. Встановлено, що у перші дні захворювання на ГРЗ у 54,5 % хворих реєструвались лімфоцити у вигляді ручки дзеркала, у 27,2 % – аберантні лімфоцити, пул молодих лімфоцитів й широкоплазмених лімфоцитів мав тенденцію до майже подвійного збільшення, у 54,5 % виявлялись плазмоциnи, їх вміст збільшувався майже вдвічі, у 72,0 % – широкоплазменіb й у 63,6 % – фестончасті лімфоцити, у 27 % – природні великі гранульовані лімфоцити, у 54,5 % – бобоподібні лімфоцити, у 27 % хворих – Ріддерівські лімфоцити, у 54,5 % – лімфоцити з ядром у вигляді сухого листка.Висновок. Отримані результати свідчили про недостатність системи імунітету у 95,3 % хворих на ГРЗ, яка у більшості в період ранньої реконвалесценції зникає
ПОРУШЕННЯ ФУНКЦІЇ В-ЛІМФОЦИТІВ ПРИ ВІЛ-ІНФЕКЦІЇ
Authors: Revenko H. O. , Mavrutenkov V. V.
Published: June 2017

Мета роботи – на підставі літературних відомостей проаналізувати порушення функції В-лімфоцитів при ВІЛ-інфекції.ВІЛ спричинює хронічну інфекцію, що не знищується імунним захистом організму. Крім прогресуючого зниження та дисфункції CD4+ Т-клітин, ВІЛ-інфекція призводить до інтенсивних фенотипічних та функціональних порушень у пулі В-лімфоцитів. Хоча В-клітини не є основною мішенню для ВІЛ, є достатня кількість досліджень, що свідчать про суттєві порушення саме у субпопуляції В-лімфоцитів. Висновки. Крім явної лімфопенії, що обумовлена CD4+ Т-лімфоцитопенією, відбуваються функціональні порушення, насамперед, у популяції В-клітин, а саме: гіпергаммаглобулінемія, поліклональна аномальна активація В-клітин, збільшення незрілих/перехідних В-лімфоцитів, індукція термінального диференціювання В-клітин, підвищення рівнів автоантитіл, патологічна схильність до апоптозу, збільшення частоти В-клітинних злоякісних пухлин, а також, що досить важливо, низька гуморальна імунна відповідь на вакцинні антигени. Враховуючи останній аспект, необхідно буде направити зусилля на вдосконалення імунопрофілактики ВІЛ-інфікованих осіб, що зменшить ризик виникнення «вакцинокерованих» інфекційних захворювань. Також з ВІЛ-інфекцією асоційовано зменшення CD27 В-клітин пам’яті, що можливо, не буде нівелюватись, навіть при ранньому призначенні антиретровірусної терапії. І клітинний, і гуморальний імунітет не в змозі контролювати цю інфекцію, що призводить до суттєвого виснаження функції лімфоцитів та збільшує сприйнятливість до опортуністичних інфекцій. Більш глибоке розуміння патогенних механізмів дисфункції В-лімфоцитів зможе потенційно привести до нових стратегій щодо лікування, створення профілактичної вакцини. У даному огляді представлені механізми, що беруть участь у порушенні функції В-клітин при ВІЛ-інфекції, що менш за все вивчені в імунопатогенезі ВІЛ-інфекції.
ВІТРЯНА ВІСПА У ДІТЕЙ (огляд літератури)
Authors: Nezgoda I. I. , Levytska L. I.
Published: June 2017

Мета роботи – на підставі літературних відо-мостей виділити особливості вітряної віспи у дітей.Вітряна віспа є однією з найбільш розповсюджених хвороб дитячого віку. Представлені етіологія, патогенез, клінічні прояви, ускладнення, лікування та профілактика вітряної віспи. В роботі був проведений аналіз вітряної віспи, а саме особливості патогенезу, клініки та ускладнень вітряної віспи, враховуючи сучасний стан проблеми для подальшого вивчення патогенетичного перебігу хвороби у дітей і можливих методів профілактики та корекції ускладнень.
Оцінка ефективності лікування хронічного катарального гінгівіту в дітей за умов цукрового діабету
Authors: Kotelban A. V.
Published: June 2017

Chronic catarrhal gingivitis is diagnosed in 30 to 80 % of children and adolescents. Generalized periodontitis may develop in the absence or insufficient provision of timely treatment and preventive care. An important task is to promptly identify and substantiate pathogenetic treatment of gingivitis and its chronic form, especially given the concomitant somatic diseases.The aim of the study – to evaluate the clinical efficacy of antiseptic conditions, probiotics and immunomodulators in complex treatment of chronic catarrhal gingivitis in children with diabetes type I.Materials and Methods. We examined and treated 54 children, aged 12 years, with chronic catarrhal gingivitis and diabetes type I. The complex of treatment included antiseptic "Dekasan", probiotic "BioGaia ProDentis" and immunostimulant "Imupret."Results and Discussion. In 24 children (80.00 %) of the main group completed elimination of inflammation after improved treatment, in 6 children (20.00 %) revealed improvement in the periodontal tissues. There was marked improvement in oral hygiene in children and significant reducted PMA and CPITN indexes, Pisarev-Shyllyer test. After 3 and 6 months after treatment, there was a positive dynamics of periodontal tissues.Conclusions. Analysis of the clinical examinations reflects the positive dynamics of indicators of periodontal tissues in children with chronic catarrhal gingivitis against diabetes, which confirms the high efficiency of our proposed health care industry.
Шляхи профілактики тромбоемболічних ускладнень у травматологічних хворих
Authors: Ivashchuk L. Yu. , Osadchuk D. V. , Mayka B. M.
Published: June 2017

Мета роботи: проаналізувати ефективність профілактики тромбоемболічних ускладнень у травматологічних хворих, які перенесли операційні втручання.Матеріали і методи. Обстежували пацієнтів травматологічного відділення Тернопільської міської комунальної лікарні швидкої допомоги. У 2016 р. госпіталізовано 1410 хворих різних вікових категорій, які були поділені на 3 групи.  Першу групу – 263 чоловіки (18,6 %) – склали хворі із політравмою та несприятливим прогнозом для  життя через тяжкість захворювання. У другу групу входили пацієнти із поєднаною травмою – 462 хворих (32,8 %) – із сумнівним прогнозом  для життя. Третя група – 685 пацієнти (48,6 %) – хворі з ізольованою травмою і сприятливими наслідками лікування. Усім пацієнтам, крім загальноклінічних обстежень, визначали кількість тромбоцитів, час згортання крові, тривалість кровотечі і в усіх вивчали коагулограму (протромбіновий індекс, протромбінову активність, тромботест, загальний фібриноген, фібриноген В, фібриноген А, активований час рекальцифікації). Стан венозної системи нижніх кінцівок досліджували за допомогою дистальної висхідної флебографії, кольорової доплерографії і дуплексної ультрасонографії апаратом SIMENS ACUSSON X 300.Результати досліджень та їх обговорення. Усім хворим  у повному об’ємі було проведено профілактику тромбоемболічних ускладнень шляхом застосування антикоагулянтів sз низькою молекулярною масою і обов’язковим комплексом кінетерапії.  Цибор у лікувальній дозі призначали з 1-ї доби перебування пацієнта в стаціонарі до 10–14-ї доби  післяопераційного періоду один раз на добу підшкірно в ділянку живота. Для пацієнтів із помірним ризиком та високим операційним ризиком (великі втручання, вік, старший 40 років, ожиріння, серйозні супутні захворювання) цибор призначали по 5000–7500 МО на добу протягом перебування пацієнта в стаціонарі. При підозрі чи наявності змін з боку венозного русла ніг у хворих із обтяженим анамнезом проводили одягання еластичних панчіх та еластичне бинтування. Субопераційні рухи у гомілковостопних суглобах, рання активізація хворого після операції, лікувальна фізкультура здійснювались у всіх пацієнтів. Венотоніки (детралекс, флебодію та ін.) застосовували у комплексному лікуванні пацієнтів із хронічною венозною недостатністю. В осіб із підгострим і хронічним тромбофлебітом підшкірних вен здійснювали хірургічну профілактику тромбоемболічних ускладнень. Кросектомію виконано у 9 (1,9 %) пацієнтів як перший етап перед операційним втручанням.
Особливості клінічного перебігу пахвинних гриж у хлопчиків залежно від віку та методики оперативного втручання.
Authors: Zakharko V. P.
Published: June 2017

Мета роботи: вивчити особливості клінічного перебігу та післяопераційних ускладнень пахвинних гриж у хлопчиків залежно від віку та способу операційного лікування.Матеріали і методи. Проаналізовано результати доопераційного і післяопераційного перебігу пахвинних гриж у 98 хлопчиків (віком від 1 місяця до 12 років), прооперованих за традиційною або лапароскопічною методиками. Усі хворі розподілені на 2 групи, залежно від методу операційного втручання. Хворим І групи (N=30, середній вік (1,5±0,15) року) проводили лапароскопічне втручання за методикою PIRS. У ІІ групі (N=68, середній вік (4,5±0,32) року) виконували операційне втручання за традиційним методом Duhamel. Критеріями порівняння слугували клінічні прояви до операції та післяопераційні ускладнення на 1,7 доби та через 6 місяців спостереження.Результати досліджень та їх обговорення. Інтраопераційних ускладнень не виникало ні при лапароскопічних, ні при традиційних методах хірургічного лікування пахвинних гриж у хлопчиків у всіх вікових групах. У І, ІІ та ІІІ вікових групах больовий синдром був достовірно більше виражений у підгрупі дітей, оперованих за традиційною методикою, ніж у дітей, оперованих за методикою PIRS, що вимагало додаткового введення ненаркотичних анальгетиків на першу добу післяопераційного спостереження. Рухова активність достовірно швидше наставала (до 6 год) у всіх вікових групах, оперованих за методикою PIRS, ніж за методикою Дюамель. Порівняльний аналіз динаміки змін локального статусу пацієнтів доводить, що лапароскопічна операція PIRS є більш щадною та безпечною щодо елементів сім’яного канатика яєчок. Операційне втручання за методикою PIRS сприяє скороченню термінів локальної та загальної післяопераційної реабілітації у хлопчиків.
Порівняльний аналіз ефективності хірургічного лікування хворих на поєднані форми легеневого туберкульозу та недрібноклітинного раку легень у групах хворих із застосуванням стерно-медіастинального хірургічного доступу
Authors: Koshak B. F. , Savenkov Yu. F.
Published: June 2017

Мета  роботи: представити  перший в Україні порівняльний аналіз  ефективного  хірургічного лікування хворих на поєднані форми легеневого туберкульозу та недрібноклітинного раку легень із застосуванням стерно-медіастинального  хірургічного доступу; підвищити ефективність хірургічного лікування  хворих на поєднані форми легеневого туберкульозу та недрібноклітинного раку легень.Матеріали  і методи.  Було проведено ретроспективний аналіз 91 випадку лікування хворих із поєднаними формами легеневого туберкульозу та раку легень у протитуберкульозних диспансерах, хірургічних відділеннях різних регіонів України. Результати досліджень та їх обговорення. Проаналізовано морфологічні особливості поєднаних форм легеневого туберкульозу та недрібноклітинного раку легень у групах порівняння, які досліджувалися ретроспективно. Показано провідний  вплив  легеневого туберкульозу на операційне лікування хворих на поєднані форми туберкульозу та раку легень у групах порівняння. Встановлено збільшення трирічної виживаності у пацієнтів основної групи, що свідчить на користь активної хірургічної тактики  стерно-медіастинального доступу та застосування при цьому більш радикальної  білатеральної лімфодисекції.
Exile in the Flow of Time
Authors: Baracchi Claudia
Published: June 2017

In its contents as well as discursive strategy, Plato’s Republic occasions a few reflections on the phenomenon of memory. The essay situates the philosophical discourse, along with that of divination and poetry, in the context of the practices of memory and, more broadly, within the sphere of Mnemosune. The figure of the philosopher retains traces of archaic humanity, most notably of the Homeric hero. At the same time, in the Platonic Socrates we discern a transfiguration of heroic heritage, in the direction of a thorough ethical recalibration emphasizing the awareness of mortality, the art of finite life (βίος), and the visionary celebration of life (ζωή) in its excessive and indestructible movement. In this way, at the very heart of the Republic we may heed the cipher and resonance of Dionysus.
Evidence of hybrid origin for Tachyphonus nattereri Pelzeln, 1870 (Aves: Thraupidae)
Authors: LOPES LEONARDO ESTEVES , PIACENTINI VITOR DE Q.
Published: June 2017

Tachyphonus nattereri is one of the three “mystery birds” collected almost 200 years ago by J. Natterer in Brazil whose validity has been disputed in many publications over the last century. Known only from the male holotype and perhaps a female specimen without type status, it is currently treated as either a valid species, a subspecies or a doubtful taxon (an extreme of variation or an aberrant-colored individual). We reviewed the taxonomy of T. nattereri based on fieldwork near the type locality and a careful examination of the holotype and related museum specimens. Our extensive fieldwork revealed that no natural population found in the type locality matches the phenotype of T. nattereri. We found that the holotype is intermediate in plumage, morphometry and body shape between Tachyphonus cristatus and T. luctuosus, two sympatric species locally scarce and at their distributional edge around the type locality. We, therefore, suggest that T. nattereri is a hybrid. On the other hand, the purported female falls within the variation found in Tachyphonus c. madeirae, of which it probably represents an extreme phenotype.
Small range distributions in the high Andes: two new species of Liaghinella (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Emesinae) from Colombia
Authors: CASTRO-HUERTAS VALENTINA , FORERO DIMITRI
Published: June 2017

Liaghinella Wygodzinsky, 1966 (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Emesinae: Metapterini), is an endemic Neotropical genus with two described species, one from Jamaica and one from Colombia. In this paper we describe two additional new species from the high Andes in Colombia, Liaghinella heldamariae sp. nov from Monserrate and Villa de Leyva, and L. tuberculata sp. nov. from Chicaque Natural Park, both in the Eastern Cordillera. The new species were collected very close to the type locality of the previously known Colombian species, L. andina Forero, 2007. These two new species differ from L. andina by having both a pair of conspicuous tubercles on the posterior margin of the pronotum, and by the structure of the male and female genitalia. Species diagnosis and descriptions, digital macrophotographies, and a key to separate the species of Liaghinella are presented. A discussion on the small range distributions exhibited by the high Andean species of Liaghinella is provided.
Love and its Critics
Authors: Bryson Michael , Movsesian Arpi
Published: June 2017

This book is a history of love and the challenge love offers to the laws and customs of its times and places, as told through poetry from the Song of Songs to John Milton’s Paradise Lost. It is also an account of the critical reception afforded to such literature, and the ways in which criticism has attempted to stifle this challenge.

Bryson and Movsesian argue that the poetry they explore celebrates and reinvents the love the troubadour poets of the eleventh and twelfth centuries called fin’amor: love as an end in itself, mutual and freely chosen even in the face of social, religious, or political retribution. Neither eros nor agape, neither exclusively of the body, nor solely of the spirit, this love is a middle path. Alongside this tradition has grown a critical movement that employs a 'hermeneutics of suspicion', in Paul Ricoeur’s phrase, to claim that passionate love poetry is not what it seems, and should be properly understood as worship of God, subordination to Empire, or an entanglement with the structures of language itself – in short, the very things it resists.

The book engages with some of the seminal literature of the Western canon, including the Bible, the poetry of Ovid, and works by English authors such as William Shakespeare and John Donne, and with criticism that stretches from the earliest readings of the Song of Songs to contemporary academic literature. Lively and enjoyable in its style, it attempts to restore a sense of pleasure to the reading of poetry, and to puncture critical insistence that literature must be outwitted.

It will be of value to professional, graduate, and advanced undergraduate scholars of literature, and to the educated general reader interested in treatments of love in poetry throughout history.
An Application of the Support Vector Machine for Attribute-By-Attribute Classification in Cognitive Diagnosis
Authors: Liu Cheng , Cheng Ying
Published: June 2017

Cognitive diagnostic modeling in educational measurement has attracted much attention from researchers in recent years. Its applications in real-world assessments, however, have been lagging behind its theoretical development. Reasons include but are not limited to requirement of large sample size, computational complexity, and lack of model fit. In this article, the authors propose to use the support vector machine (SVM), a popular supervised learning method to make classification decisions on each attribute (i.e., if the student masters the attribute or not), given a training dataset. By using the SVM, the problem of fitting and calibrating a cognitive diagnostic model (CDM) is converted into a quadratic optimization problem in hyperdimensional space. A classification boundary is obtained from the training dataset and applied to new test takers. The present simulation study considers the training sample size, the error rate in the training sample, the underlying CDM, as well as the structural parameters in the underlying CDM. Results indicate that by using the SVM, classification accuracy rates are comparable with those obtained from previous studies at both the attribute and pattern levels with much smaller sample sizes. The method is also computationally efficient. It therefore has great promise to increase the usability of cognitive diagnostic modeling in educational assessments, particularly small-scale testing programs.
Weight Loss Surgery in Adolescents
Authors: Christison Amy L. , Gupta Sandeep K.
Published: June 2017

Childhood obesity continues to be a national health problem, with growing numbers of adolescents (8.7%) affected by severe obesity and its associated cardiometabolic risks. Since current nonsurgical methods for treating these adolescents have only modest effects, weight loss surgery (WLS) is an alternative treatment. An overview of the literature was conducted describing the selection, management, and outcomes of adolescents undergoing WLS. Adolescent guidelines require physical and emotional maturity as well as serious comorbidities associated with body mass index cutoffs higher than those used for adults. Medium‐term to long‐term outcomes are similar to those of adults undergoing WLS. Such outcomes depend on management by a multidisciplinary team with expertise in caring for adolescents who are still developing psychosocially and who are relatively more dependent on family supports for continued care. Future exploration is needed to elucidate optimal surgical indications for adolescents, improved adherence to postoperative care, and the impact of WLS on life expectancy. Resulting evidence can better inform the direction for healthcare delivery and policy directed toward this at‐risk population.
The impulse spectrum method for vibration suppression of a flexible multilink robot arm
Authors: Zhang Wenxi
Published: June 2017

The impulse spectrum method is proposed systematically, extending the method of vibration control by model-based feedforward. The impulse spectrum of multilink suggests free feeding directly responsible for flexible precessions, capable of vibration suppression (VSP) while maintaining swift response. The invariance criterion over piecewise extents of multilink configuration is proposed, with the extent given by allowable insensitivity as the basis of outputs interference for VSP. On the invariance assumption, the spectral functions are extractable for the annihilator of vibration of multilink, with the oscillatory matrix for multimode oscillators derived as the key of the annihilator, showing the feasibility of simultaneous VSP of the oscillators of multilink. Robust VSP is ensured by designing the impulse spectrum with respect to the augmented oscillatory matrix of some order, and hybrid robustness against variation of concerned parameters that can reduce response delay. The properties of the impulse spectrum for VSP of flexible multilink are presented for the guidelines to design impulse spectra for diverse potential and purposes, including the metric array-based bandwide VSP of nonconcurrent multimode in favor of disturbance-rejection. Numerical simulations are conducted to validate the theoretical study, demonstrating the effectiveness of the method.
Randomized Trial of a Lifestyle Physical Activity Intervention for Breast Cancer Survivors: Effects on Transtheoretical Model Variables
Authors: Scruggs Stacie , Mama Scherezade K. , Carmack Cindy L. , Douglas Tommy , Diamond Pamela , Basen-Engquist Karen
Published: June 2017

This study examined whether a physical activity intervention affects transtheoretical model (TTM) variables that facilitate exercise adoption in breast cancer survivors. Sixty sedentary breast cancer survivors were randomized to a 6-month lifestyle physical activity intervention or standard care. TTM variables that have been shown to facilitate exercise adoption and progress through the stages of change, including self-efficacy, decisional balance, and processes of change, were measured at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months. Differences in TTM variables between groups were tested using repeated measures analysis of variance. The intervention group had significantly higher self-efficacy ( F = 9.55, p = .003) and perceived significantly fewer cons of exercise ( F = 5.416, p = .025) at 3 and 6 months compared with the standard care group. Self-liberation, counterconditioning, and reinforcement management processes of change increased significantly from baseline to 6 months in the intervention group, and self-efficacy and reinforcement management were significantly associated with improvement in stage of change. The stage-based physical activity intervention increased use of select processes of change, improved self-efficacy, decreased perceptions of the cons of exercise, and helped participants advance in stage of change. These results point to the importance of using a theory-based approach in interventions to increase physical activity in cancer survivors.
Triphenylamines Induce Cell Death Upon 2-Photon Excitation
Authors: Chennoufi Rahima , Mahuteau-Betzer Florence , Tauc Patrick , Teulade-Fichou Marie-Paule , Deprez Eric
Published: June 2017

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising therapeutic method for several diseases, in particular for cancer. This approach uses a photosensitizer, oxygen, and an external light source to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) at lethal doses to induce cell death. One drawback of current PDT is the use of visible light which has poor penetration in tissues. Such a limitation could be overcome by the use of novel organic compounds compatible with photoactivation under near-infrared light excitation. Triphenylamines (TPAs) are highly fluorescent compounds that are efficient to induce cell death upon visible light excitation (458 nm), but outside the biological spectral window. Interestingly, we recently showed that TPAs target cytoplasmic organelles of living cells, mainly mitochondria, and induce a high ROS production upon 2-photon excitation (in the 760-860 nm range), leading to a fast apoptosis process. However, we observed significant differences among the tested TPA compounds in terms of cell distribution and time courses of cell death–related events (apoptosis vs necrosis). In summary, TPAs represent serious candidates as photosensitizers that are compatible with 2-photon excitation to simultaneously trigger and imaging cell death although the relationship between their subcellular localization and the cell death mechanism involved is still a matter of debate.
The Struggle Over Political Power
Authors: Verkuyten Maykel
Published: June 2017

Demographic changes lead to growing political power of immigrants and their children, which raises important social psychological questions. In a survey experimental study among a national sample of the native Dutch, feelings toward Muslim immigrants’ political party representation were examined. The strategy of group representation (participate in the existing political system with a Muslim party) elicited the strongest feelings of power threat and therefore was evaluated most negatively. Compared to group representation, the descriptive representation strategy (participate as Muslims in existing political party) and the strategy of disengagement (reject political representation) were evaluated less negatively but more negatively compared to a situation in which politics was not mentioned. Furthermore, participants who more strongly endorsed ethnic national belonging had more negative feelings but not in the disengagement condition.
Job Satisfaction in Relation to Communication in Health Care Among Nurses: A Narrative Review and Practical Recommendations
Authors: Vermeir Peter , Degroote Sophie , Vandijck Dominique , Mariman An , Deveugele Myriam , Peleman Renaat , Verhaeghe Rik , Cambré Bart , Vogelaers Dirk
Published: June 2017

Worldwide, nurse shortage and high turnover rates are observed. Job satisfaction is a major determinant of retention and is influenced by intraorganizational communication and perceived communication satisfaction. This article presents a narrative review on communication satisfaction, job satisfaction, and their mutual relationship as well as their impact on turnover intention and burnout risk in the nursing profession. A literature search was conducted in the databases PubMed, Web of Science, and The Cochrane Library, and 47 articles were included. Descriptive analysis identified different types of social networks in the health care workplace. There is a positive association between communication and job satisfaction among nurses, translating into decreased turnover intention and burnout risk. Job satisfaction is required both for organizational stability as for coguaranteeing patient safety. This will be best achieved through an organization-wide multimodal prevention and intervention program, aimed at optimizing different modalities of interprofessional communication, workload, and job satisfaction.
Efficacy of a Weight Loss Intervention for African American Breast Cancer Survivors
Authors: Stolley Melinda , Sheean Patricia , Gerber Ben , Arroyo Claudia , Schiffer Linda , Banerjee Anjishnu , Visotcky Alexis , Fantuzzi Giamila , Strahan Desmona , Matthews Lauren , Dakers Roxanne , Carridine-Andrews Cynthia , Seligman Katya , Springfield Sparkle , Odoms-Young Angela , Hong Susan , Hoskins Kent , Kaklamani Virginia , Sharp Lisa
Published: June 2017

Purpose

African American women with breast cancer have higher cancer-specific and overall mortality rates. Obesity is common among African American women and contributes to breast cancer progression and numerous chronic conditions. Weight loss interventions among breast cancer survivors positively affect weight, behavior, biomarkers, and psychosocial outcomes, yet few target African Americans. This article examines the effects of Moving Forward, a weight loss intervention for African American breast cancer survivors (AABCS) on weight, body composition, and behavior.

Patients and Methods

Early-stage (I-III) AABCS were randomly assigned to a 6-month interventionist-guided (n = 125) or self-guided (n = 121) weight loss program supporting behavioral changes to promote a 5% weight loss. Anthropometric, body composition, and behavioral data were collected at baseline, postintervention (6 months), and follow-up (12 months). Descriptive statistics and mixed models analyses assessed differences between groups over time.

Results

Mean (± standard deviation) age, and body mass index were 57.5 (± 10.1) years and 36.1 (± 6.2) kg/m2, respectively, and 82% had stage I or II breast cancer. Both groups lost weight. Mean and percentage of weight loss were greater in the guided versus self-guided group (at 6 months: 3.5 kg v 1.3kg; P < .001; 3.6% v 1.4%; P < .001, respectively; at 12 months: 2.7 kg v 1.6 kg; P < .05; 2.6% v 1.6%; P < .05, respectively); 44% in the guided group and 19% in the self-guided group met the 5% goal. Body composition and behavioral changes were also greater in the interventionist-guided group at both time points.

Conclusion

The study supports the efficacy of a community-based interventionist-guided weight loss program targeting AABCS. Although mean weight loss did not reach the targeted 5%, the mean loss of > 3% at 6 months is associated with improved health outcomes. Affordable, accessible health promotion programs represent a critical resource for AABCS.
Interest and Attitudes of Patients With Advanced Cancer With Regard to Secondary Germline Findings From Tumor Genomic Profiling
Authors: Hamilton Jada G. , Shuk Elyse , Genoff Margaux C. , Rodríguez Vivian M. , Hay Jennifer L. , Offit Kenneth , Robson Mark E.
Published: June 2017

Purpose:

Tumor genomic profiling (TGP) can reveal secondary findings about inherited disease risks in a patient with cancer. Little is known about how patients with advanced cancer, currently the primary users of TGP, perceive the benefits and harms of secondary germline findings.

Methods:

We conducted semistructured interviews with 40 patients with advanced breast, bladder, colorectal, or lung cancer who had TGP. Qualitative interview data were evaluated by using a thematic content analysis approach.

Results:

Most participants expressed interest in the prospect of learning their secondary germline findings (57%), although a minority was equivocal (29%) or disinterested (14%). Reasons for these preferences varied but were influenced by participants’ perceptions of diverse benefits and harms of this information, which they regarded as relevant to themselves; their families; and other patients with cancer, medical science, and society. These attitudes were uniquely shaped by participants’ personal disease experiences and health status.

Conclusion:

Many patients with advanced cancer are interested in learning secondary germline findings and hold optimistic and perhaps unrealistic beliefs about the potential health benefits. Patients also have important concerns about clinical and emotional implications of this information. These perceptions are necessary to address to ensure that patients make informed decisions about learning secondary germline findings.
Early National Dissemination of Abiraterone and Enzalutamide for Advanced Prostate Cancer in Medicare Part D
Authors: Caram Megan E.V. , Borza Tudor , Min Hye-Sung , Griggs Jennifer J. , Miller David C. , Hollenbeck Brent K. , Mukherjee Bhramar , Skolarus Ted A.
Published: June 2017

Introduction:

Abiraterone and enzalutamide were approved by the Food and Drug Administration in 2011 and 2012 to treat men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Most men with mCRPC are > 65 years of age and thus eligible for Medicare Part D. We conducted a study to better understand the early dissemination of these drugs across the United States using national Medicare Part D data.

Methods:

We evaluated the number of prescriptions for abiraterone and enzalutamide by provider specialty and hospital referral region (HRR) using Medicare Part D and Dartmouth Atlas data. We categorized HRRs by abiraterone and enzalutamide prescriptions, adjusted for prostate cancer incidence, and examined factors associated with regional variation using multilevel regression models.

Results:

Among providers who wrote the majority of prescriptions for abiraterone or enzalutamide in 2013 (n = 2,121), 87.5% were medical oncologists, 3.3% were urologists, and 9.2% were other provider specialties. Among prescribers, approximately 30% were responsible for three quarters of the claims for abiraterone and 20% were responsible for more than half the claims for enzalutamide. Some HRRs demonstrated low-prescribing rates despite average medical oncology and urology physician workforce density. Our multilevel model demonstrated that regional factors potentially influenced variation in care.

Conclusion:

The majority of prescriptions written for abiraterone and enzalutamide through Medicare Part D in 2013 were written by a minority of providers, with marked regional variation across the United States. Better understanding of the early national dissemination of these effective but expensive drugs can help inform strategies to optimize introduction of new, evidence-based mCRPC treatments.
Year One
Authors: Markosian Diàna
Published: June 2017

Photographer Diàna Markosian worked with Milad Ahkabyar, a high school student in Düsseldorf, Germany, to document his first year in Europe. Milad and his family fled violence in Afghanistan and are still waiting to hear if they can legally stay in their new home.
Aiding and Abetting
Authors: Benes Ross
Published: June 2017

International organizations have repeatedly deceived donors to secure ever more funding for AIDS-relief efforts. Ross Benes discusses the incentives for biomedical companies and groups like UNAIDS to mislead the public, while cheaper, more effective solutions remain underfunded.
Rape and the President
Authors: Seelinger Kim Thuy
Published: June 2017

Khadidja Hassan Zidane told a stunned Senegalese courtroom that Chad’s former president, Hissène Habré had raped her on four separate occasions. But judges ruled Zidane’s testimony came too late, and Habré was acquitted of this charge. While Habré’s convictions for torture, war crimes, and crimes against humanity still stand, Kim Thuy Seelinger, the director of the Sexual Violence Program at the Human Rights Center at University of California, Berkeley, writes that Zidane’s case raises an important question: How can courts balance survivors’ readiness to disclose with defendants’ right to know the full charges against them?
Case Report: Diagnosis of hypogeusia after oral exposure to commercial cleaning agent and considerations for clinical taste testing
Authors: Jetté Marie , Anderson Catherine , Ramakrishnan Vijay
Published: June 2017

Few reports in the literature document acute taste disturbance following exposure to toxic chemicals. We describe the case of a 54-year-old man who presented with primary complaint of tongue numbness and persistent problems with taste 1.5 years following oral exposure to a commercial cleaning agent. A test of olfaction revealed normosmia for age and gender. Lingual tactile two-point discrimination testing showed reduced somatosensation. Taste threshold testing using a 3-drop method demonstrated severe hypogeusia, though the patient was able to discriminate tastants at lower concentrations with a whole mouth swish and spit test. We conclude that clinical evaluation of dysgeusia can be performed using a number of previously published testing methods, however, determining causative factors may be confounded by duration since exposure, lack of knowledge of baseline taste function, and medications. Although many testing options exist, basic taste testing can be performed with minimal expertise or specialized equipment, depending on the patient history and goals of evaluation.
The antimicrobial activity of plants in the vicinity of a geothermal area in Perak, Malaysia
Authors: Mhd Bakri Yuhanis , Syed Abd Azizz Saripah Salbiah , Abdul Talib Munirah , Mohamed Fatimah
Published: June 2017

We wish to report the study of the antimicrobial activity of plants collected in the vicinity of a geothermal area in Perak, Malaysia. This is the first report of these species in the vicinity of thextis geothermal area. The plants are Cleome icosandra, locally known as Maman Pasir of the family Cleomaceae, and Stachytarpheta species of the family Lamiaceae. Both are subshrubs and are believed to have specific biological activities as a result of living in such extreme areas. Methanol extracts of both plants revealed no antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Perbedaan Prevalensi Alergi pada Anak Obes Dibandingkan dengan Indeks Massa Tubuh Normal
Authors: Dewi Utami , Satria Cahya Dewi , Paryanto Endy
Published: June 2017

Latar belakang. Peningkatan prevalensi obesitas dan alergi merupakan dua masalah kesehatan yang penting. Kelebihan berat badan maupun obesitas merupakan faktor risiko potensial terjadi manifestasi penyakit alergi yang berat.Tujuan. Mengetahui perbedaan prevalensi alergi dan mendeskripsikan faktor risiko alergi pada anak obes dan IMT normal.Metode. Kami melakukan penelitian potong lintang pada 45 orang anak obes dan 45 anak non obes antara Februari-Maret 2013. Data yang diperoleh merupakan data primer. Digunakan analisis dengan uji statistik kategorikal menggunakan uji chi-square untuk mengetahui perbedaan prevalensi alergi pada kelompok subyek obes dan kelompok indeks massa tubuh normal.Hasil. Tidak ada perbedaan bermakna kejadian alergi pada kelompok anak obes maupun IMT normal (p=1,000).Kesimpulan. Tidak ada perbedaan prevalensi dan profil faktor risiko alergi pada populasi anak obes maupun IMT normal.