bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Evolution of Chinese Cinema in the New Century: From Martial Arts Classics to New Mainstream Blockbusters
Authors: Ma Yanli
Published: October 2023

This study explores the evolution of the new century film from martial arts to the new mainstream film blockbuster era. Firstly, the article reviews the heyday of martial arts films and their influence on film industry and culture. Then, it studies the transformation and evolution of martial arts films in the new century and the background of the rise of new mainstream films in this period. Subsequently, the article analyzes the characteristics and value orientation of the new mainstream blockbuster, as well as the fusion and difference between martial arts and the new mainstream. Furthermore, the audience and market performance of the two film styles and the influence of technological progress on martial arts and new mainstream films are studied. Finally, the article discusses the roles and challenges of directors and producers in the transformation of film style. This research reveals the evolution and diversification of the film industry in the new century, as well as the interaction and development between different film genres.
Presentation of Chinese Rural Society in Documentary Films on Rural Revitalization: An Analysis
Authors: Lei Qu , Lee Teo Miaw , Emang Candida Jau
Published: October 2023

On January 1, 2011, in order to promote a better global understanding of China, China Central Television’s Documentary Channel began broadcasting 24 hours a day worldwide. With the launch of the documentary channel, documentaries officially entered the field of vision of ordinary Chinese citizens, serving as a medium to record the lives of the Chinese populace and presenting their authentic everyday lives and personal stories to the world. This also left behind precious social memories in the rapidly developing China (Wu Haili, 2013). As an agricultural powerhouse, rural areas constitute a significant component of Chinese society, retaining rich historical and cultural traditions. Farmers carry immense spiritual strength and touching narratives, prompting numerous socially responsible documentary filmmakers to turn their cameras towards China’s countryside and its people. This effort has led to the creation of a substantial number of outstanding documentary films centered on Chinese rural themes. Chinese rural-themed documentary films have emerged as prime artistic samples reflecting rural societal conditions and transformations. This paper focuses on the rural society portrayed in documentary films with rural themes and analyzes how these films depict various aspects of China’s rural society, such as economic production, living environment, education, and employment, within the context of rural revitalization documentaries. Through the analysis and examination of this theme, the paper elucidates the genuine face of China’s rural society and its monumental changes depicted in these documentary films, providing a comprehensive perspective and a macroscopic view for the creation of related documentary works (Mao Yurong, 2022).
Gender Politics and Power Structure: An Analysis of Institutional Barriers to Gender Equality
Authors: Zhou Shengjie
Published: October 2023

This study explores the institutional barriers to gender equality between gender politics and power structure, aiming to conduct a thorough analysis of the complex relationships between gender politics, power structure, gender equality, and institutional barriers. By examining the definition and importance of gender politics and the link between power structure and gender equality. Then it explores the close relationship between gender politics and institutional barriers. Subsequently, focusing on the legal field, we analyzed the impact of the legal system on gender equality and the potential impact of legal reform on gender politics, while focusing on the possible problem of gender discrimination in law implementation. Further, we explore the influence of the political system on gender equality. In addition, cultural and social factors were also included in the analysis. This paper will reveal how gender politics, power structure and institutional barriers jointly restrict the realization of gender equality. At the same time, we will explore possible solutions and policy recommendations to promote a more equitable and equal social development.
The Public Welfare Spirit and Social Responsibility of Publishers in the Era of Integrated Media
Authors: Xiang Longxiang
Published: October 2023

In the era of integrated media, the news and publishing industry is undergoing tremendous changes. In the current publishing industry, we believe that we all feel the emergence of new social situations such as diverse forms of publishing, diverse ways of communication, and ever-changing media development. These changes inspire every publisher to move forward with the direction of media integration and development, taking the spirit of public welfare and social responsibility as their own responsibility. In the era of alternation and mutual integration of old and new, “saving” traditional media, integrating content and benefits, and building a complete media ecosystem. Fully demonstrate the determination of publishers to work together and the expectation of co-writing in the era of media integration and development.
The Gentrification of Asian American Communities in New York City: A Race or Class Issue
Authors: Xiong Caroline
Published: October 2023

Why study the gentrification of Asian American communities? Since 2010, the Asian American population in New York City has increased by 345,000 and now makes up 15.6 percent of the entire city population.[i] Despite this, there is little research on how this community interacts with the larger city society. While New York City is often cited as an example of gentrification, those research projects tend to explore the displacement of black and Hispanic people, rather than Asian Americans. It is pertinent to not place the movement of Asian Americans under the same umbrella because of the unique challenges that they face — most critically, the language barrier and the concept of being a “model minority”.
Տաթևի, Ս․ Թադեի և Ս․ Ստեփաննոս Նախավկայի վանքերը ԺԹ դարի առաջին կեսին
Authors: Կոստիկյան Քրիստինե
Published: October 2023

From the beginning of Qajar rule in Iran the Armenian monaste-ries of Syunik and Artaz suffered the hardships of the Russo-Persian conflict and wars for the regions of Transcaucasia. The Persian docu-ments of the Matenadaran throw light on some political and economic developments around the monasteries and help elucidate some aspects of Qajar policy as regards the Armenian sanctuaries under their rule. Tatev monastery, located in the territory subject to the khan of Karabagh had passed under the rule of Russian empire after the treaty concluded in Kurakchay in 1805 and then after the fights of the Russo-Persian war of 1804 - 1813 its annexation to Russia was confirmed by the treaty of Gulistan. The monastery served as a refuge of the Russian troops fighting for the region. The monasteries of Artaz remained under the rule of Qajar Iran after the treaty of Turkmenchay concluded in 1828, at the end of the second Russo-Persian war. The Qajar governement supported the mo-nasteries of St. Thaddeus and St. Stepannos, the apostles, and tried to keep away its Armenian followers, the inhabitants of Azerbayjan from migration to the regions passed under the rule of Russia. In spite of these attempts the major portion of the Armenians of Azerbayjan migrated. However, the Qajar powers granted some estates to the monasteries in the villages around them and protected their rights with royal decrees and other documents in order to secure their survival in later Muslim environment.
Генезис «золотого века» исламской литературы
Authors: Шагинян Арсен
Published: October 2023

Ժողովածոյի ներկա հատորում իրենց հոդվածներն են հրապարակել Հայաստանի արտասահմանի մի շարք արեվելագետներ: Ընդգրկված հոդվածները հրապարակված են պարունակած նյութերի ժամանակագրական հերթականությամբ և հեղինակների նախընտրած լեզվով (հայերեն, անգլերեն, ֆրանսերեն, գերմաներեն ռուսերեն)։ Ընթերցողն այստեղ կգտնի հրապարակումներ, որոնք վերաբերում են հայագիտության, արաբագիտության, բյուզանդագիտության, կովկասագիտության, իրանագիտության և թյուրքագիտության բնագավառներին։ Հրատարակվում է արևելագետների, հայագետների և ընթերցող լայն շրջանների համար։
Analogies et différences codicologiques entre les manuscrits en parchemins Grecs, Slaves et Arméniens
Authors: Džurova Axinia
Published: October 2023

Հոդվածը նախնական փորձ է Բյուզանդիայի և շըրջակա երկրների ձեռագրերի (հունարեն՝ իտալական ծագման, գլագոլիկ, կիրիլյան, հայերեն, վրացերեն, ասորերեն և այլն) հետազոտության, ըստ այնպիսի հատկությունների, ինչպիսիք են պրակների ծալման և հավաքման ձևերն ու բնույթը, տողի և էջերի կազմման տիպերն ու համակարգը, տողվածքի համար արված անցքերի գտնվելու տեղը: Հեղինակը ցույց է տալիս բյուզանդական ձեռագ- րերի ստեղծման եղանակների բազմազանությունը՝ կախված մատյանների արտադրվելու վայրից և ժամանակից, հատկապես նշելով պատկերամարտությանը նախորդող և հետևող դարաշրջանների մատյանների ստեղծման եղանակների տարբերությունը: Բյուզանդիայի շրջակայքում գործող գրքի արհեստանոցները, ըստ հեղինակի դիտարկումների, ընդհանուր առմամբ պահպանում են ձեռագրերի պատրաստման մեթոդները, որոնք կիրառվել են մինչ պատկերամարտություն, և միայն ավելի ուշ ժամանակներում (մոտ Թ - ԺԲ դդ.) հետզհետե և անկանոն կերպով յուրացնում են մայրաքաղաքի գրքարտադրությանը բնորոշ հնարները։
Optimization of Growth Condition for Aquatic Fungi (Saprolegnia species) Isolated from Economically Important Freshwater Fishes
Authors: Prapthi U. B.  , Somashekar D. S.  , Akarsh S.  , Sowmya H. V.  , Dhananjaya S. G.  , Basaiah Thippeswamy
Published: October 2023

The present study was aimed to optimize the culture media, temperature, pH and sodium chloride concentration for the growth of isolated and characterized Saprolegnia strains which were isolated from four economically important infected fish specis i.e. Catla catla, Labeo rohita, Cirrhinus mrigala and Cyprinus carpio. Identification and characterization of Saprolegnia species was made by observing colony morphology and asexual reproductive organs under binocular light microscope. The result showed that the Saprolegnia sp. grown well in Sabourd’s Dextrose Agar media at optimum temperature 25oC, neutral pH 7 and 0.01% sodium chloride content. The progress of optimization is helpful to measure the occurrence, distribution, outbreaks and epidemiological survey of aquatic fungi. This susceptibility study of pathogen provides an idea to prevent before the onset/outbreak of infectious diseases and helpful in designing the bio-control agent for the Saprolegnia strains.
Verdachtsunabhängige Gebietskontrollen der deutschen (Landes-)Polizei
Authors: Hunzelar Ricarda
Published: October 2023

In recent years, the powers of the police to carry out suspicionless checks on persons have been extended in many federal states. Critics see dangers in the use of discriminatory selection criteria. A particularly farreaching variant is that of suspicionless area checks, whose constitutional framework is elaborated by the author. In particular, she examines which requirements for the legislative design of such control powers result from the principle of certainty and the principle of proportionality. In addition, she explains to what extent the executive police officers are limited by Article 3 (3) of the Basic Law with regard to the controversial method of racial profiling.
Der Reisebericht des Anders Sparrman
Authors: Dimitrova Desislava Todorova
Published: October 2023

1772 sowie von 1775 bis 1776 bereiste und erkundete der schwedische Naturforscher und Arzt Anders Sparrman die südafrikanische Kapkolonie. Gegen Ende 1772 schloss er sich der zweiten Expedition James Cooks an. Während der Seefahrt befasste er sich zusammen mit seinem Reisegefährten Georg Forster mit naturhistorischen, physiko-anthropologischen und ethnografischen Erkundungen. Seine Forschungsfahrten beschrieb er im Bericht Resa till Goda Hopps-Udden, Södra Pol-kretsen och omkring Jordklotet, samt till Hottentott- och Caffer-Landen, Åren 1772–76 (Reise an das Kap der Guten Hoffnung, zum südlichen Polarkreis und um die Erde, sowie in die Länder der Hottentotten und Kaffern, in den Jahren 1772–76). Auf seinen Expeditionen konnte er nicht nur zahlreiche naturhistorische und geografische, sondern auch ethnografische, anthropologische und linguistische Untersuchungen durchführen. Diese Abhandlung widmet sich seiner im Bericht beschriebenen Tätigkeit als Forscher und Mediziner aus wissenschafts- und ideengeschichtlicher Perspektive.

 

Reihe

Münchner Nordistische Studien - Band 42
Beteiligung des Deutschen Bundestages im Bereich der Gemeinsamen Sicherheits- und Verteidigungspolitik der EU
Authors: Höhn Irina
Published: October 2023

Die Souveränität eines Staates ist untrennbar mit seiner Verteidigungsfähigkeit verknüpft. Angesichts wachsender Herausforderungen steht die Europäische Union (EU) vor der Frage, welcher Grad an strategischer Autonomie zur Wahrung der Sicherheit ihrer Mitgliedstaaten notwendig und möglich ist.

Mit Voranschreiten der europäischen Integration und insbesondere durch Inkrafttreten des Vertrags von Lissabon (2009) erfolgte eine Stärkung der Rechte der Parlamente der EU-Mitgliedstaaten, die ihre Mitwirkung auf nationaler Ebene in den Bereichen sicherstellen soll, in denen durch Abgabe von Hoheitsrechten an die EU ein Kompetenzverlust entstanden ist.

Diese Studie setzt bei der Frage an, ob die im europäischen Vergleich weitreichenden Rechte des Deutschen Bundestages sich auch auf den Bereich der Gemeinsamen Sicherheits- und Verteidigungspolitik der EU (GSVP) erstrecken und untersucht die konkreten Beteiligungsmöglichkeiten des Bundestages in Fragen der europäischen Verteidigung.

 

Biographische Informationen

Irina Höhn arbeitet seit 2015 im Auswärtigen Amt in Berlin. Dort war sie zunächst im Referat für Parlaments- und Kabinettsangelegenheiten tätig und ist seit 2020 Referentin im Büro des Staatsministers im Auswärtigen Amt.

Nach einem literaturwissenschaftlichen Studium an der Universität Sevilla absolvierte sie das Masterstudium Ältere Deutsche Literatur und Sprache an der Freien Universität Berlin und der Universität Santiago de Compostela. 2020 schloss sie den berufsbegleitenden interdisziplinären Masterstudiengang Europäisches Verwaltungsmanagement an der Hochschule für Wirtschaft und Recht Berlin (HWR) ab.

 

Reihe

Reihe Politikwissenschaften - Band 90
Evaluating the Effects of Rivastigmine on Decision-Making in Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment by Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB); A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial
Authors: Sadeghi Setayesh , Mohammadian Fatemeh , Tehrani-Doost Mehdi , Gholami Kheirollah , Mohebbi Niayesh
Published: October 2023

Background: Decision-making is a complex process, and most studies showed that patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) make worse decisions than healthy people. Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the effect of rivastigmine on the decision-making of MCI patients using the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB) tests. Methods: The study was conducted at the Roozbeh Hospital neurology clinic, and 30 patients with mild cognitive impairment over 40 years old were randomly recruited to receive rivastigmine or placebo twice daily for 12 weeks. The initial dose of rivastigmine or placebo was 1.5 mg twice daily and was increased to 3 mg twice daily per patient compliance. A CANTAB test was conducted before and following the intervention. Results: The mean age of patients in the rivastigmine group was 58.93 ± 10.88, and in the placebo group was 59.33 ± 10.34. The median MMSE (Mini-Mental State Examination) was 26 (IQR = 25 - 26) in both groups. Patients in the rivastigmine group showed significant differences in all subgroup tests of CGT, IST, and SST except in risk adjustment in the CGT test, discrimination in the IST test, and median correct RT on the go trial and SSRT in the SST test. The most commonly reported adverse effects were gastrointestinal complications. Conclusions: According to the results, rivastigmine significantly improved the primary decision-making outcomes in comparison with placebo.
Effectiveness of DIR/Floor Time Play Therapy in Social Skills and Emotion Regulation of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Barghi Farideh , Safarzadeh Sahar , Marashian Fatemeh Sadat , Bakhtiarpour Saeed
Published: October 2023

Background: Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and their families need to use rehabilitation services to improve their functions in social interactions and communication skills. Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of DIR/floor time play therapy in the social skills and emotion regulation of children with ASD. Methods: The present study was a quasi-experimental with a pretest/posttest design. The statistical population included all the autistic children visiting Golhay-e Behesht Autism Center in Qom, Qom Province, Iran. The convenience sampling method was employed to select 30 participants, who were randomly assigned to an experimental group (n = 15) and a control group (n = 15). The experimental group received the DIR/floor time play therapy intervention for 23 twenty-minute sessions. The research instrument included Bellini’s Social Skills Profile Questionnaire and Emotion Regulation Checklist. Descriptive statistics and the repeated measures ANOVA were adopted for data analysis in SPSS 22. Results: According to the results, the DIR/floor time play therapy method improved emotion regulation components (i.e., instability/negativity and emotion regulation) and the indices of social skills (i.e., social interaction, social participation, and detrimental behavior). The results lasted until the follow-up step (P < 0.001). Conclusions: The DIR/floor time play therapy method caused positive changes to emotion regulation and social skills in autistic children. Therefore, it can be an effective intervention in children with ASD.
Cosmotechnic Encounters: Designing with foodwaste, landscapes, and livelihoods
Authors: Wernli Markus , Chan Kam-Fai
Published: October 2023

Organic wastes are vital for farming, energy generation, and carbon capture—embodying naturally the ideal of circularity. However, due to their messiness and weight, organic matter arrives with biological and sociotechnical challenges. What kind of imaginaries, recovery practices, and contingencies are required to reclaim and revalue such lively material? Pursuing this, how can we mitigate the detriment of urban food waste, and, in turn, regenerate regions impacted by climatic and economic precarity? In response, we conducted a series of collaborative encounters with farmers, chefs, retailers, and biotech entrepreneurs in rural Hong Kong to explore what a reverse supply chain might involve that redirects organic wastes from the city to agricultural landscapes. We took insight from Yuk Hui’s cosmotechnics vision, design studies, and diverse economies for differentiating a broader spectrum of economic possibilities. Following this embeddedness with interdependent livelihoods enables us to live in fullness with the world, particularly with organic waste as the foundation for contributing to a circularity that tangibly interlinks humans, nonhumans, cities, and the countryside to different futures. Such constellations can manifest varied instances of economisation—the mutually regenerative and stabilising relationships which facilitate exchange. They also embody a cosmological imaginary that reconfigures local economies predicated on designing with the shapelessness of contingency: staying put with what easily is ignored while relinquishing determinist categories, fragmentation, and totalising systems.
NAHDLATUL ULAMA AND THE TRILOGY OF BROTHERHOOD
Authors: Muluk Muchamad Saiful , Tambunan Rika Wahyuni , Suryanto Ardiansyah Bagus
Published: October 2023

Digital technology’s advances are not fully profitable for mankind, but have led to the phenomenon of destructive social change which has changed the mindset and behavior of mankind throughout the world in personal, national and state life. This requires a solution which is a common basic principle in interacting with each other in the digital era. This research looks at the historical role of Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) in responding to all social changes that have occurred in realizing peace in the world and reimplementing the spirit of the  trilogy of brotherhood (ukhuwah islamiyyah, ukhuwah wathaniyyah, and ukhuwah basyariyyah/insaniyyah) initiated by KH. Ahmad Shiddiq in digital life. This research was conducted by using a literature study approach in gathering data and information, then analyzed and concluded. The results of the study show that there is NU's strong determination and commitment to maintain the world peace through its religious leaders, and the relevance of implementing the ukhuwah trilogy as a basis for thinking, acting and behaving in interactive relationships in the digital era to create world peace.
Consumers’ attitude towards meat brands: Evidence from pork products in Guangzhou, China
Authors: Yan Fafa (Monica) , Ouyang Xi , Qi Wen’e
Published: October 2023

This study aims to investigate the factors influencing consumers’ cognitive attitude towards the brands of products during their consumption willingness, behaviors and choices. Taking pork brands as an example, this study conducts a questionnaire by using a random sampling method in 165 farmers’ meat markets and 54 supermarkets in Tianhe District, Yuexiu District, Liwan District, the representative districts in Guangzhou city in China, and obtains 1,050 valid observations of the pork consumers. The empirical results via a logit regression show that the factors significantly enhance consumers’ brand cognitive attitude include younger age; lower perception of product safety; less cognition of green food, frailer awareness of fresh, cold, and frozen meats, as well as weaker ability to identify a specific product. Also, stronger consumers’ brand attitude results from larger amount of money spent in a single purchase, stronger cognition of nuisance-free food, and higher identification of different types of pork meats.
Eksplorasi Nilai-nilai Pancasila dalam Pendidikan Menengah Pertama di SMPN 40 Surabaya
Authors: Adysti Rachmania Naura , Himawan Muhammad Guntur , Firdaus Nadia Dewi
Published: October 2023

The term hidden curriculum is often referred to as hidden curriculum, which is a goal that is not written in the syllabus, but its application needs to be considered by every teacher to improve the quality of learning. The function of hidden curriculum is to complement and support the formal curriculum. The purpose of this research is to find out and explore the values of Pancasila at SMPN 40 Surabaya. This research was conducted with a qualitative approach using descriptive method. Data collection techniques in the form of observation and interviews, and by using data analysis techniques in the form of data collection and literature selection. Based on the data obtained, the hidden curriculum is instilled through habituation, for example, every morning there is a prayer activity, then singing the Indonesia Raya song, saying Pancasila, and the habit of singing national songs. In addition, the hidden curriculum can be seen in extracurricular activities, namely paskibra. Students are trained on how to march well and correctly, perform the correct ceremony, raise the flag, and read the text of the Pancasila script or the 1945 Constitution honorably. At SMPN 40 Surabaya, students accept very openly, it is proven by students obeying and following. The result is that SMPN 40 Surabaya students memorize national songs, good and correct ceremonial procedures are more able to follow in accordance with regulatory standards. With this research, it will increase the sense of love for the homeland through habituation as an example of the application of hidden curriculum.
Comparative assessment of greenhouse gas fluxes and crop yields from various land use systems in Wakiso District, central Uganda
Authors:   , Nakiguli Fatumah
Published: October 2023

Land use systems, mainly, crop farming is among the leading sources of greenhouse gas emissions into the atmosphere, driving climate variability and global warming. This study aimed to compare greenhouse gas fluxes and crop yields from various land use systems in Wakiso District, Uganda. Specifically, the study; (a) assessed soil physical-chemical properties and greenhouse gas fluxes from land use systems, (b) determined the effect of cropping systems and management practices on greenhouse gas fluxes and crop yields, and (c) assessed the effect of precipitation, soil temperature, and elevation on greenhouse gas fluxes. Greenhouse gas fluxes and crop yields were monitored under split-plot design experiments. Digital gas meters and static chambers were used to measure greenhouse gas fluxes. Carbon dioxide fluxes were highest and lowest in sole cropped sweet potatoes under non-mulched deep tillage (148.12 ± 3.40 µg C m−2 hr−1 ) and grasslands (53.03 ± 1.70 µg C m−2 hr−1 ), respectively. Nitrous oxide fluxes were highest and lowest in sole cropped beans under non-mulched reduced tillage (14.21 ± 0.40 µg N m−2 hr−1 ) and banana-coffee intercrops under compost - reduced tillage (3.76 ± 0.20 µg N m−2 hr−1 ), respectively. Methane uptake was highest and lowest in banana-coffee intercrops under mulched - no-tillage (-0.57 ± 0.00 µg C m−2 hr−1 ) and sole cropped sweet potatoes under mulched - no-tillage (0.3 ± 0.01 µg C m−2 hr−1 ), respectively. Crop yields were slightly higher in intercropped than sole cropped systems. Carbon dioxide fluxes were highest and lowest at 1200 - 1340 m (87.42 ± 5.60 µg C m −2 hr −1 ) and 900 - 1000 m (52.41 ± 3.90 µg C m−2 hr −1 ), respectively. Nitrous oxide fluxes were highest and lowest at 1200 - 1340 m (6.82 ± 0.80 µg N m −2 hr −1 ) and 900 - 1000 m (3.65 ± 0.60 µg N m −2 hr −1 ), respectively. Methane flux was highest at 1200 - 1340 m (0.31 ± 0.01 µg C m−2 hr −1 ) and lowest at 900 - 1000 m (0.04 ± 0.00 µg C m−2 hr −1 ). The results are vital in understanding greenhouse gas fluxes and crop yields from various land use systems in Uganda
Developing a context specific climate smart aquaculture framework for improving food security in Tanzania
Authors:   , Nyamete Frida
Published: October 2023

Aquaculture has great potential to improve global food and nutrition security. However, due to the effect of climate changes and poor fish farming practices in some countries, it favors the accumulation of chemicals and disease-causing pathogens including bacteria, viruses, and parasites. This study, therefore, aimed to assess the adequacy of existing aquaculture practices and evaluated the levels of heavy metals and the prevalence of parasites and bacteria pathogens. The information was used to design a context-specific climate-smart fish pond and fish feed for improving fish production in Tanzania. The study was conducted in Arusha and Morogoro regions, five sites from each region were selected for the study. A total of 130 fish farmers each with one fish pond were selected for interview and sample collection. The questionnaire was used to gather information on the existing aquaculture management practices. Pond water, sediments, fish feed, and fish samples were collected for the analysis of heavy metals, parasites, and bacteria pathogens. Polarized energy dispersive x-ray fluorescence spectrometer was used for heavy metal analysis, a microscope was used to observe parasites present in fish samples, and analytical profile index test kits were used to identify bacteria pathogens. The results showed that farmers lacked proper knowledge of formulating high-quality fish feed and/or safe pond water management; these have a huge impact on overall fish health and consumer safety. The most prevalent parasites in Arusha and Morogoro were Acanthocephalus sp (49.2 & 50.7%) and Diplostomum sp (36.9 & 38. 4%). Aeromonas sobria was the most prevalent fish bacteria found in Arusha (35.3%) and Morogoro (49.2%). Chromium was the most accumulated heavy metal in the fish muscles sampled in Arusha (4.61 – 9.50 mg/kg) and Morogoro (2.53 – 5.57 mg/kg). In this study, we designed and constructed a climate-smart pond. The pond has the potential to support food security while reducing vulnerability to long-term climate change impacts. Google Sheets Program was used to formulate a higher quality insect-based fish feed. The quality and efficiency of the formulated feed were quantified by measuring growth performance and feed utilization. Fish were observed to have growth improvement and feed conversion efficiency throughout the experimental period. The use of the climate-smart fish pond and formulated feed is recommended in improving fish production and ensuring consumer safety.
Epidemiology, risk factors and diagnostic accuracy of surveillance methods of selected diseases presenting with respiratory signs in small ruminants in Tanzania
Authors:   , Chota Andrew
Published: October 2023

Outbreaks of diseases presenting with respiratory signs in small ruminants in Tanzania have been reported for years. Concurrent infections complicate diagnosis resulting in untimely interventions and significant economic losses. A cross-sectional survey was conducted between June, 2016 and July, 2017 to determine the risk factors associated with small ruminants exposure to Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae (M. capripneumoniae) and small ruminant morbillivirus (SRMV). Outbreak investigations were conducted between June, 2016 and July, 2018 to validate the performance of the existing and improved disease surveillance systems and to evaluate the accuracy of the reports, the data were also used to determine the level of concurrent infections in those outbreaks. Risk factors data were analysed using logistic regression models. The field data forms (FD-1 and FD-2) performance were analysed using inter-rater reliability test against the gold standard test. The percentage proportions were used to describe levels of concurrent infections. Risk factors for M. capripneumoniae occurrence in goats were farming system (OR = 0.91073332), mixing species (OR= 1.0793679) and grazing with wild animals (OR=1.0546803). Occurrence of SRMV in goats was influenced by farming system (OR=1.154254), mixing of flocks (OR=1.060278) and grazing with wild animals (OR=1.077164). Risk factors for occurrence of M. capripneumoniae in sheep were farming system (OR=0.9310771) and presence of PPR (OR=1.0564274) whereas, SRMV was influenced by farming system (OR=1.188681), mixing flocks (OR=1.135146) and previous diseases outbreak (OR=1.161883). In outbreak investigations, FD-2 performed better than FD-1 in the diagnosis of both CCPP (PPV = 22.2% Vs 16.2%) and PPR (PPV = 50.0% Vs 43.2%) in goats and in sheep, in the diagnosis of PPR (PPV = 26.3% Vs 23.1%). In determining concurrent infections, 79.1% (117/148) of the goats and 28.1% (16/57) of the sheep had concurrent infections. The SRMV and Pasteurella multocida (P. multocida) in goats and SRMV in sheep were the pathogens involved in co-infections. This study reports several risk factors being associated with exposure of small ruminants to M. capripneumoniae and SRMV and that, the current disease surveillance system does not provide reliable accurate data on outbreaks with co-infections in which P. multocida are involved and should be considered in control strategies.
Optimisation of fermentation processes of local cereal-based beverages to produce improved cereal based probiotic beverages.
Authors:   , Setta Malehe
Published: October 2023

Fermented cereal-based probiotic beverages are rare and have rarely been produced in Tanzania. Though the beverages are novel, the potentiality of such beverages has for some decades been exhibited through local fermented cereal-based beverages. In recent years there has been a paradigm shift towards non-diary probiotic products because of the negative health effects milk and dairy products have on the multitude of people around the world. A quantitative study employing purposeful sampling was carried out in three regions of Mbeya, Morogoro and Kilimanjaro whereby in each of the regions; quadruplicate samples of either of the traditional cereal-based beverages locally known as Kindi, Kimpumu, Togwa or Mbege were collected from a target village and stored at 4 °C in the laboratory. Identification of probiotic microbes in the local beverages was done and probiotic Kindi, Kimpumu, Mbege and Togwa were developed using pure cultures of the identified probiotic bacteria. Probiotic cultures used were Lactobacillus brevis for Togwa, Lactobacillus plantarum for Kimpumu and Mbege and Pediococcus pentosaceus for Kindi. After 24-48 h of controlled fermentation at 37 °C; results showed that the prepared cereal-based beverages were probiotic with mean viable cell counts of 1 x 1011 cfu/mL and mean pH 4.77. During storage the probiotic cereal beverages remained stable for five days at 25 °C and 28 days (4 weeks) at 4 °C with viable cell count of 2.0 x 1011 cfu/mL and pH 3.83 at 25 °C and viable cell count of 2.0 x 1011 cfu/mL and pH 4.08 at 4 °C, respectively. There was no growth of pathogens in the beverages. The four cereal based probiotic beverages were equally accepted by consumers through a sensorial evaluation. This study shows that controlled fermentation of cereals using carefully selected probiotic bacteria results in probiotic cereal based-beverages with good quality attributes and safety and further advance the knowledge on fermented cereal substrates as nutrient-rich and promising delivery vehicles for probiotics by sustaining the growth of a large population of lactic acid bacteria.
Molecular detection and genetic characterization of coxiella burnetii and bartonella spp infections in small mammals from Moshi, Northern Tanzania
Authors:   , Theonest Ndyetabura
Published: October 2023

Zoonotic pathogens, including Coxiella burnetii and Bartonella species, are known causes of febrile illness globally; however, knowledge on their animal hosts is still limited in many countries including Tanzania. This study aimed to: 1) determine the presence and prevalence of C. burnetii and Bartonella spp in small mammal; 2) identify risk factors for C. burnetii and Bartonella infection in small mammals; and 3) characterize the Bartonella genotypes present in small mammals and their fleas. Spleen samples were tested for the presence of C. burnetii (n=382) and Bartonella spp (n=381) DNA. Overall, 12 (3.1%) of 382 (95% CI: 1.6-5.4) spleens from small mammal tested were positive for C. burnetii DNA. Coxiella burnetii DNA was detected in five (71.4%) of seven (95% CI: 29.0-96.3) small mammal species; Rattus rattus (n=7), Mus musculus (n=1), Acomys wilsoni (n=2), Paraxerus flavovottis (n=1) and Atelerix albiventris (n=1). Eleven (91.7%) of twelve (95% CI: 61.5-99.8) C. burnetii DNA positive were trapped within Moshi Urban District. Overall, 57 (15.0%) of 381 (95% CI: 11.3-18.5) small mammal spleens tested positive for Bartonella DNA. Bartonella DNA was detected in three species (R. rattus n = 54, M. natalensis n = 2 and P. flavovottis n = 1) using qPCR targeting the ssrA gene. Analysis of R. rattus species only for risk of Bartonella infection indicated that Bartonella infection was more likely in reproductively mature as compared to immature small mammal (OR = 3.42, p<0.001). Multiple Bartonella genotypes closely related to known zoonotic Bartonella species were identified in the tested small mammals and fleas. These findings demonstrate that small mammal in Moshi, are hosts of C. burnetii and Bartonella spp and may act as a source of these pathogens to humans and animals. Further studies covering broad range of potential hosts should be considered in order to understand the distribution of these pathogens in other animals. Efforts are needed to determine the clinical impact of C. burnetii and Bartonella infection in humans. Further studies are needed to fully characterize the prevalence, genotypes and diversity of Bartonella spp and C. burnetii in different host populations and their potential impacts on human health.
Assessment of the status of African Baobab populations and fatty acids composition of its crude oil in semi arid areas of Tanzania
Authors:   , Msalilwa Upendo
Published: October 2023

Baobab (Adansonia digitata L.) is a deciduous non-timber tree species that is facing severe threats from both anthropogenic and climatic pressures across its range states. Additionally, baobab seed oil has been used for many years by local populations as medicine to treat different diseases, beauty, and food purposes. However, consumption of baobab seed oil has been reported to cause health effects emanating from the presence of carcinogenic ingredients known as Cyclopropenoid Fatty Acids (CFPAs). Ecological survey and laboratory analysis were carried out to asses the status of Baobab populations and characterize their fatty acid of seeds clued oil respectively. In ecological survey, stratified random sampling design composed of the three land-use types: strictly protected areas, non-strictly protected areas, and unprotected areas were used to select the grids for the study. Baobabs were sampled in belt transect of 1 km long and a 50 m wide, which were carried out in 337 grids located in three different land-uses types. In the laboratory analysis, the physico-chemical properties were determined according to Official Methods of Analysis of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists. The quantification of fatty acid before and after heating was done by the analysis of derivative fatty acid methyl-esters by using Gas-Liquid Chromatography. Baobab density was found to be highest in strictly protected areas (2.45 ± 1.29) and the lowest in unprotected areas (1.52 ± 1.00). The density of adult, sub-adult and juvenile populations were 1.53 ± 0.105, 0.82 ± 0.149 and 0.33 ± 0.253 plants/ha respectively. Furthermore, the results show bell shaped and inverse J-shaped distributions in the unprotected areas and strictly protected areas, respectively. The number of baobabs damaged was higher than undamaged in all land-use types. There were no significant differences in terms of physico-chemical properties in three different regions. It was found that the baobab crude oil contains mainly twelve essential fatty acids and two different CFPAs. The most abundant fatty acids were Palmitic acid, Oleic acid and Linoleic acid in all the three regions. The major breakdown of CPFAs started at 200 °C that would be the best temperature in the refining process of the baobab oil. The findings from this study are important in understanding the status of baobab populations and CPFAs of their crude oil in different land uses and serve to inform decision akers towards sustainable management of this species. Furthermore, the information from this study is vital in understanding the role of biophysical conditions and land uses in shaping the population persistence of the species in its range areas in Tanzania.
Study of Mirza Hadi Ruswa's writing style
Authors: Tahira Ghafoor  , Dr. Ghazal yaqoob
Published: October 2023

Mirza Hadi Ruswa (1857_1931) is one of Mirza Hadi Ruswa's writing style is marked by its unique blend of prose and poetry, resulting in a distinctive and eloquent narrative. His most renowned work, "Umrao Jaan Ada," exemplifies this stylistic fusion, making his writing captivating and melodious.Ruswa's prose is characterized by a rich vocabulary, intricate sentence structures, and a sense of refinement. He weaves poetic elements into his narrative, creating a lyrical quality that engages the reader. Through meticulous attention to detail and vivid descriptions, Ruswa breathes life into his characters and settings, allowing readers to immerse themselves fully in the story. Beyond its aesthetic appeal, Ruswa's style serves as a vehicle for social commentary, exploring themes of love, society, and the human condition with subtlety and insight. His literary finesse endures as a timeless treasure in Urdu literature, ensuring his lasting legacy as a masterful writer. the famous and well-known classic writers of Urdu. Mirza Hadi’s reason for fame is his novel Umrao Jaan Ada.He was a versatile genius and one of the pioneer of the Urdu novel. The present study analysis the writing style of Hadi Ruswa especially in the context of his novels.
Tradition Of The Muslim History , The Culture And Historical Urdu Drama
Authors: Dr.Jamil Ahmed Barvi  , Dr.Fehmida Tabbasum
Published: October 2023

It's written on the historical topic in all the literatures of the world.The fictitious expression of the history in different genres is very beneficial for the readers to fulfill a great performing duty.Pakistan television has telecasted drama on different angles and historical figures in the recent 50 years.It is the duty of every broadcasting department to reform its nation and country through broadcasting the stories of the brave sons.So by remembering the brilliant past ,people can change future for better and by learning from the past mistakes.They will promise not to repeat the mistakes in future.In the subcontinent except the Muslims no other Nation felt any shame to take part in the art of drama.
IMPLEMENTASI STRATEGI PEMBELAJARAN INKUIRI PADA PEMBELAJARAN PAI DI KELAS VII SMP NU GONDANGLEGI
Authors: Achadah Alif , Apriani Mistia
Published: October 2023

Pembelajaran pendidikan agama Islam merupakan pendidikan yang penting bagi lingkungan manusia. Penting juga untuk menanamkan nilai-nilai Islam yang bersumber dari Tuhan Yang Maha Esa kepada manusia. Pembelajaran pendidikan agama Islam di sekolah menyediakan bahan ajar dan menjaga siswa tetap terlatih dalam pendidikan dan pembelajaran sehingga guru dapat mendidik siswanya untuk mencapai visi, misi dan tujuan yang diharapkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggali “konsep pembelajaran berbasis inkuiri di SMP NU Gondanlegi” dan mewujudkan pembelajaran yang terkonsep secara utuh. Untuk itu, guru juga perlu benar-benar mengetahui konsep pembelajaran yang diajarkan kepada siswanya. Selain itu, guru perlu memiliki strategi pembelajaran berbasis inkuiri yang dikembangkan sambil belajar agar siswa dapat lebih mudah memahami materi yang dipelajarinya. Dalam hal ini penerapan pembelajaran berbasis inkuiri juga akan terpengaruh, yang akan menyulitkan anak dalam memahami materi yang diberikan oleh guru, dan akan memudahkan anak dalam memahami materi. Kata kunci: Implementasi, Strategi Pembelajaran Inkuiri, Pembelajaran PAI
OPTIMALISASI PENINGKATAN PERAN LAZIZNU KEPANJEN KABUPATEN MALANG DALAM PEMBIAYAAN PENDIDIKAN
Authors: Hasanah Siti Muawanatul
Published: October 2023

LAZIZ dan perannya sebagai salah satu sumber pendanaan yang membantu proses pendidikan. Tidak hanya pada bidang pendidikan, sesungguhnya lagziz merupakan sebuah lembaga yang bergelut dibidang pengembangan dan pemberdayaan umat. adalah salah satu lembaga zakat yang berkhidmat dalam pemeberdayaan masyarakat melalui pendayagunaan secara produktif dana zakat, infaq, wakaf dan dana kedermawanan lainnya baik dari perseorangan, lembaga, perusahaan dan instansi lainnya. Laziz sebagai lembaga yang berkhidmad untuk pemberdayaan Masyarakat melalui dana zakat ini mempunyai program pemberdayaan dibidang pendidikan. dari program pemberdayaan pendidikan salah satunya diwujudkan berupa bantuan beasiswa bagi kaum dhuafa dan yatim/piatu. Dari sinilah LAZIZNU Kepanjen kabupaten malang juga mengambil peran yang menyangkut pembiayaan Pendidikan. Kata Kunci: Optimalisasi Peran Laziznu, Pembiayaan Pendidikan.
PENANAMAN KESADARAN BERIBADAH SHALAT WAJIB PESERTA DIDIK OLEH GURU
Authors: Nasruddin Muhammad Arif , Mahardhika Mahardhika
Published: October 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana kesadaran peserta didik dalam melaksanakan ibadah Shalat Wajib (Lima Waktu), dan bagaimana upaya guru khususnya pendidikan agama Islam dalam menanamkan kesadaran shalat wajib peserta didik Sekolah Menengah Pertama NU Sunan Giri Kepanjen. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif jenis studi kasus, dengan metode pengumpulan data observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah reduksi data, penyajdian, dan verifikasi kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kesadaran peserta didik dalam melaksanakan ibadah shalat wajib masih kurang. Untuk menangani hal tersebut, guru khususnya pendidikan agama Islam melakukan beberapa upaya, di antaranya adalah memberikan pemahaman materi sekaligus praktik secara langsung terkait ibadah shalat wajib, memberikan tugas wajib hafalan SKU yang dilakukan sebelum kegdiatan pembelajaran berlangsung, serta memberikan buku monitoring siswa sebagai sarana pengendali dan penghubung antara guru dan orangtua.
Pendampingan Pemetaan Kebutuhan Ruang, Peningkatan Keamanan Bangunan dan Lingkungan Panti Rehabilitasi Gangguan Jiwa di Jakarta Utara
Authors: Ali Abdullah , Juwono Sudarmawan , Marlin Syamsu
Published: October 2023

Community Service Activities (PkM) with partners from the Nurul Alam Paitama Foundation with Assistance in the Redesign of the Building and Environment of the Mental Disorders Rehabilitation Home in North Jakarta. This home is a form of service carried out by the community independently in the form of treatment for patients suffering from mental disorders using religious therapy methods. Currently, the home, which has an area of ​​696 m2 on 1,200 m2 of land, accommodates 27 patients who are served by 20 volunteer nurses. Existing spaces include a mosque as the main room and center for therapy activities, a secretariat room, living room and patient care area, kitchen, patient common room and other supports. The urgency of this Community Service activity, namely the need to improve the quality of buildings and the environment in the form of redesign in mentoring approaches and behavioral methods where space and facility needs are built, is dialogued with residents based on aspirations, space experiences, and also observed activities. As is known, the basic principle of mentoring itself is the empowerment of every potential that exists, both physical and non-physical. Thus, this program fully involves residents as the subject of a shared agenda. This involvement produces primary and secondary data for the need for redesign and placement of CCTV monitoring points in buildings and environments with their respective functions. The aim of PkM activities is as a form of devotional service in improving the quality of space by redesigning buildings and the environment to improve patient care and healing services, especially from the aspect of security and room comfort for residents. This condition supports conditioning and forming positive behavior for patients based on religious therapy methods so that sacredness becomes absolutely necessary.
Inteligencia emocional y rendimiento académico en estudiantes de educación secundaria
Authors: Angulo Legua Lucinda Ceyda , Aybar Bellido Leoncio
Published: October 2023

El objetivo de la investigación fue analizar la importancia de la inteligencia emocional y el aprendizaje en estudiantes de educación secundaria en el contexto post-pandemia. Se llevó a cabo una revisión sistemática descriptiva utilizando motores de búsqueda y descriptores específicos, con un enfoque en investigaciones cuantitativas y experimentales publicadas entre 2018 y 2022. Los resultados destacaron que el fomento de la inteligencia emocional en estudiantes tiene un impacto significativo en los procesos educativos, mejorando el rendimiento académico. Se sugiere que las autoridades educativas implementen políticas que valoren la importancia de la inteligencia emocional en la formación integral de los estudiantes. Los investigadores pueden abordar investigaciones aplicadas para demostrar los efectos de la educación en inteligencia emocional en el aprendizaje de los estudiantes desde una perspectiva experimental.
Szuverenitás – posztszuverenitás – Európai Unió
Authors: Karácsony András , Monostori Markus
Published: October 2023

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Studia in honorem Gábor Hamza – Ünnepi tanulmányok Hamza Gábor 70. születésnapja tiszteletére
Authors: Czeti István
Published: October 2023

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Jogtörténetírás kronologikus módon és dogmatika nélkül? – A pozitivista jogtörténetírás pozitívuma
Authors: Rigó Balázs
Published: October 2023

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The EU ETD Directive and the Development of EU Administrative Procedural Law. Theoretical Remarks
Authors: Csatlós Erzsébet
Published: October 2023

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