bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dünyada Güncel Sofralık Üzüm Islah Çalışmaları
Authors: Atak Arif
Published: May 2024

Hemen hemen her kıtada sofralık üzüm yetiştirilmektedir ve tüketici taleplerine göre yetiştirilen sofralık üzüm çeşitleri zamanla farklılık gösterebilmektedir. Bu nedenle birçok ülkede değişen taleplere cevap verebilmek için sofralık üzüm ıslah çalışmaları yapılmaktadır. Bu ıslah çalışmaları Üniversiteler, Araştırma Enstitüleri ile son yıllarda farklı özel sektör temsilcilerinin kurdukları konsorsiyum veya şirketler şeklinde yürütülmektedir. Özellikle Sun World, IFG, SNFL, ITUM ve Grapa gibi özel firmalar bu sofralık üzüm ıslahı yapan kuruluşlar arasında en dikkat çekici olanlardır. Türkiye’de ise özellikle Tarım Bakanlığına bağlı Araştırma Enstitülerinde birçok yeni sofralık üzüm çeşidi geliştirilmiş ve tescil ettirilerek üretimde kullanılmaya başlanmıştır. Biyoteknolojideki gelişmelere paralel olarak asma bitkisinde önemli birçok ticari özelliklerle ilişkili gen bölgelerinin belirlenmesi sonucunda istenilen özelliklere sahip yeni sofralık üzüm çeşitlerinin çok daha kısa sürede elde edilmesi mümkün hale gelmiştir. Dünya pazarlarında farklı özelliklere sahip sofralık üzümlere talep olmasına karşılık özellikle çekirdeksiz, iri taneli, sert meyve etli, kendine has aroması olan ve hastalıklara tolerant/dayanıklı olan çeşitlere talep çok daha fazladır. ABD, İtalya, İspanya, Şili, Japonya, Kore, Çin ve Türkiye gibi birçok ülkede bu ıslah çalışmaları halen devam etmektedir. Ayrıca hızla değişen tüketici talepleri doğrultusunda birçok ülkede asma genetik kaynaklarının sayısı artırılmakta ve gelecekteki talepleri karşılayarak ıslah çalışmalarında kullanmak üzere bu genetik kaynaklar muhafaza edilmektedir.
Farklı Uygulamaların Prenses Çamı (Crassula lycopodiodes L.) Çeliklerinin Köklenmesi Üzerine Etkileri
Authors: Gundogdu Gamze
Published: May 2024

Deneme, Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesinde Bahçe Bitkileri bölümüne ait örtüaltı uygulama ve araştırma serasında Şubat-Nisan ayları arasında 2022 yılında yürütülmüştür. Farklı uygulamaların prenses çamı (Crassula lycopodiodes L.) çeliklerinin köklenmesi üzerine etkilerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla üç farklı çelik boyu (2-4-6 cm) ve üç farklı köklendirme ortamı (perlit-cocopeat-torf) kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Örtüaltı uygulama ve araştırma serasında bulunan anaç materyalinden yeşil gövde çelikleri temin edilmiş ve farklı köklendirme ortamlarının bulunduğu viyollere çeliklerin 1/3’lük kısımları köklendirme ortamı içinde kalacak şekilde dikilmiştir. Her tekerrürde 10 çelik olacak şekilde 4 tekerrürlü olarak kurulan denemede, çelikler perlit, cocopeat ve torf karışımı ile doldurulmuş köklendirme viyollerine dikilmiştir. Sulama 3 gün ara ile püskürtme şeklinde uygulanmıştır. Viyollerin tutulduğu ısıtmalı ve gölgelemeli (%50) seranın koşulları %55 nem, seranın gündüz sıcaklığı 25-28℃, gece sıcaklığı 17-20℃ ve mevcut ışık 36.000 lux’dür. Köklendirme süresi 30 gün olarak belirlenmiş ve 30. gün ölçümlere başlanmıştır. Uygulamada çeliklerin köklenme oranı (%), kök sayısı (adet), kök uzunluğu (mm), yeni sürgün oluşum oranı (%), yeni sürgün boyu (mm) parametreleri belirlenmiştir. Köklenme oranı, kök sayısı, yeni sürgün oluşum oranında en iyi sonuçları cocopeat ortamında 6 cm’lik çeliklerden elde edilmiştir. Yeni sürgün boyunda en iyi sonuçları perlit ortamında 6 cm’lik çeliklerden elde edilmiştir. Fazla sayıda bitki elde etmek istendiği durumlarda 6 cm uzunluğundaki çeliklerin cocopeat ortamında rahatlıkla kullanılabileceği saptanmıştır.
Coğrafi İşaret Tescilli Giresun Tombul Fındığının Bazı Özellikleri
Authors: Balık Hüseyin İrfan
Published: May 2024

Kendisine has özellikleri olan ve üstün kalitesi ile bilinen ‘Tombul’ fındık çeşidine yetiştiği ve kalitesini bulduğu ekolojide Türk Marka ve Patent Kurumu tarafından 2001 yılında ‘Giresun Tombul Fındığı’ adı ile Coğrafi İşaret Belgesi verilmiştir. 2022 yılında ise Avrupa Birliği (AB) üyesi ülkelerde koruma altına alınmıştır. Bu çalışmada, coğrafi işaret tescilli ‘Giresun Tombul Fındığı’ ile ilgili olarak 2017 ve 2018 yıllarında yürütülen denetim faaliyetleri kapsamında üretici bahçelerinden temin edilen fındıkların kalite özellikleri belirlenmiştir. Pomolojik ölçümlere göre; meyve büyüklüğü 17,12 mm, iç büyüklüğü 13,32 mm, sağlam iç oranı %78, meyve ağırlığı 1,66 g, iç ağırlığı 0,87 g, iç oranı %53, zuruf uzunluğu 42,5 mm ve çotanaktaki meyve sayısı 3,43 adet olarak belirlenirken; biyokimyasal analiz sonuçlarına göre ham protein %16,8, ham yağ %64,5, oleik asit %82,3, linoleik asit %9,45, palmitik asit %4,86, stearik asit %2,55, palmitoleik asit %0,20 ve linolenik asit %0,08 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Analiz sonuçlarına göre Tombul fındığın coğrafi işarete konu olan özelliklerini koruduğu ve bu özelliklerde yıllar itibariyle meydana gelen değişikliklerin kabul edilebilir sınır değerler içerisinde yer aldığı sonucuna varılmıştır.
Bazı Nektarin Çeşitlerinin Isparta Ekolojik Koşullarına Adaptasyonu
Authors: Eskimez İlknur , Polat Mehmet , Kankaya Abdullah , Mertoğlu Kerem , Sülüşoğlu Durul Melekber
Published: May 2024

Ülkemiz, zengin topografik ve ekolojik varlığı ile tarımsal üretimde rekabet gücü yüksektir. Potansiyelin, rakamlara yansımasında, üretimde standardizasyonun sağlanması, değişen ekolojik faktörler ve tüketici taleplerine uygun reaksiyonların gösterilmesi gerekmektedir. Bu bağlamda, çeşitlerin adaptasyonları hem üretimi arttırmak hem de yeni genotiplerin geliştirilmesinde bu çeşitlerin ebeveyn olabilme potansiyellerini belirlemek açısından oldukça önemlidir. Bu çalışmada, sahip olduğu aroma sebebiyle sevilerek tüketilen nektarin türünün dört çeşidi (Gardeta, Gartairo, Garofa ve Transvalia), Isparta ekolojik koşullarında, meyve özellikleri yönüyle karakterize edilmiştir. Çeşitlerin meyve eni, meyve boyu ve meyve ağırlığı özellikleri sırası ile 51,83-57,59 mm, 47,69-58,07 mm ve 78,18-120,66 g⁻¹ aralıklarında tespit edilmiştir. Meyve eti sertliği açısından Gartoria ve Gardeta çeşitleri, tohum ağırlığı bakımından ise Garofa ve Gartairo çeşitlerinden daha yüksek sonuçlar elde edilmiştir. SÇKM ve TEA açısından istatistik anlamda önemli bir fark gözlemlenmemiş olup, pH değeri açısından Transvalia, Gartoria, Gardeta çeşitleri önemli bulunmuştur Çalışma sonuçlarının literatüre katkı sağlaması beklenmektedir.
HRM Tekniği ile Asma Çeşitlerinin Belirlenmesi ve Farklı Kullanım Alanları
Authors: Koç Mehmet , Odabaşoğlu Mehmet İlhan , Aslan Kürşat Alp , Erol Ümit Haydar , Kulak Muhittin
Published: May 2024

Asma, dünya genelinde neredeyse tüm kıtalarda ekonomik olarak yetiştirilebilen önemli bir bitki türüdür. Günümüzde en geniş yayılıma sahip asma türü olan Vitis vinifera L.’nin 12.000’den fazla çeşidinin olduğu tahmin edilmektedir. Anadolu coğrafyasında uzun bir geçmişe sahip olan bağcılık, farklı ekolojik koşullara adaptasyon sağlamış ve çeşitli özelliklere sahip geniş bir asma genetik havuzunun oluşmasına olanak tanımıştır. Ancak bu geniş genetik havuz içinde birçok homonim ve sinonim üzüm çeşidinin ve genotipinin yer aldığı da gözlemlenmektedir. Özellikle şarap üretiminde üst sıralarda yer alan ülkelerde, üzüm çeşitlerinin doğru bir şekilde tanımlanması büyük önem taşırken, Türkiye’de yerel çeşitler üzerine yapılan araştırmalar sınırlı sayıdadır. Üzüm çeşitlerinin tanımlanmasında morfolojik yöntemler bazen yetersiz kaldığından, özellikle homonim ve sinonim çeşitlerin ayırt edilmesinde moleküler yöntemler kullanılması daha kabul edilebilir sonuçların elde edilmesi açısından önem arz etmektedir. Son yıllarda öne çıkan Yüksek çözünürlüklü erime (HRM) analizi, DNA dizilerindeki genetik varyasyonları tanımlamak için kullanılan güçlü bir tekniktir. Bu nedenle, HRM yönteminin üzüm çeşitlerinin tanımlanmasında kullanılması, etkili ve ekonomik bir seçenek olarak öne çıkmaktadır. Bu derlemede, HRM yönteminin üzüm çeşitlerinin tanımlanmasında ve bağcılığın diğer alanlarında nasıl kullanılabileceği özetlenerek sunulmuştur.
Sebzelerde Hücre Süspansiyon Kültürleri
Authors: Ozsan Kılıc Tugce , Onus Ahmet Naci
Published: May 2024

Bitki biyokimyası ve moleküler biyoloji ile ilgili temel çalışmalarda yararlanılan önemli bir araç olan bitki hücre kültüründe çeşitli yöntemler mevcut olup bunlar arasında, farklılaşmış kültürler (tüm bitki ve organ kültürleri; sürgün, kök ve adventif kök kültürleri) veya farklılaşmamış kültürler (kallus-hücre süspansiyon kültürleri, protoplast kültürü) yer almaktadır. Bitki hücre süspansiyon kültürleri, tüm bir bitki organizmasının yapısal karmaşıklığını göz ardı ederek, çeşitli olayların araştırılması amacıyla pratik bir araç olarak sıklıkla kullanılmaktadır. Süspansiyon tekniği ile kültüre alınmış hücreler, in vitro hücre popülasyonunun homojenliği, materyalin geniş ölçekte mevcudiyeti, hücre gelişiminin hızlı temposu ve koşulların güçlü bir şekilde tekrarlanabilir olması sayesinde karmaşık fizyolojik süreçlerin hücresel ve moleküler düzeyde araştırılmasına olanak sağlar. Bu değerlendirmede başlangıç materyalleri olan eksplantlardan başlayarak bitki hücre süspansiyon kültürlerinin nasıl başlatılacağı ve sürdürüleceği açıklanmakta ve sebzelerde uygulanmış hücre süspansiyon kültürü çalışmalarından örnekler sunulmaktadır.
Bal Yemişinin Germplazmı ve Sistematik İncelenmesi
Authors: Polat Mehmet , Eskimez İlknur , Mertoğlu Kerem , Gülkaya Arıtürk Deniz
Published: May 2024

Sahip oldukları tat ve aromaya ek olarak, içerdikleri antioksidan türevi zengin biyokimyasallarca, sağlık üzerine pozitif etkiler gösteren yabani veya ticari öneme sahip üzümsü meyveler ülkemizde giderek popüler hale gelmektedir. Hem süs bitkisi olarak kullanılabilen hem de eşsiz tada sahip yenilebilir meyveleri olan tetraploid bal yemişi de (Lonicera caerulea L. s.l., 2n=36) bu fonksiyonel türlerden birisi olarak potansiyel taşımaktadır. Bal yemişine Avrasya’nın Kuzey Kutbu, Tayga iklim bölgelerinin ormanlık ve dağlık bölgelerinde rastlanmaktadır. En çok bilinen popülasyonlarına (L.caerulea L. s.l) Kuril Adalarında, Kamçatka Yarımadasında, Okhotiya ve Yakutya’da, Sikhote-Alin Dağlarında, Amur Nehri boyunca, Sayany ve Altay Dağlarında, Urallarda, Pechora’da, Severnaya Dvina Vadileri ve Kola Yarımadasında rastlanmaktadır. Polimorf bir tür olan bal yemişi, Rusya haricinde Japonya’da Hokkaido’da, Kuzey Çin’de Xeilongjiang ve Xinjiang eyaletlerinde, Tacikistan, Kırgızistan ve Kazakistan’da yoğun popülasyona sahiptir. Avrupa, İskandinavya ve Alplerde nadiren görülmektedir. Önemli temel germplazma grupları Rusya, Japonya ve Kuril Adalarının çok soğuk iklimleriyken, Kuzey Amerika’nın kuzeyinde yabani formlarına rastlanmaktadır. Rusya ve Japonya’da geniş çapta kültüre alınmıştır. Kamçatka, Kuril Adaları ve Altay Dağlarından gelen formların ıslah amacıyla kullanılmaktadır. L.caerulea’nın intraspesifik sınıflandırması için bu bitki üzerine daha fazla çalışma yapılması gerekmektedir
نصر حامدابو زید کے قرآن اور وحی سے متعلق افکار کا تنقیدی جائزہ
Authors: Zakir Hussain  , Dr. Shabbir Hussain
Published: May 2024

Nasr Hamid Abu Zayd was an Egyptian author. He is known for his mission of Quran’s hermeneutic, which challenged mainstream views. His views about Quran and revelation are new. He believes that Quran is the outcome of prophet’s (PBUH) discourse with the contemporary people. He says Quran is the collection of narrations interpreted by its narrator.  Abu Zayd further states that Quran consists of contradictory orders and sharia laws and to solve them we need to describe Quran as the collection of dialogues. On the basis of such views, Quran no more consists everlasting teaching for all human beings. His serious objections on Quran need to express one by one. In this research paper, we will criticize Abu Zayd’s views after dealing with his theories along with arguments.
Feyerabend on Pluralism, Contingency, and Humility
Authors: Kidd Ian James
Published: May 2024

Throughout the writings of Paul Feyerabend, there are constant references to the historical contingency of the scientific enterprise, often accompanied by philosophical claims about the significance of that contingency. This paper presents those contingentist claims, situates them in the context of more recent work on the contingency of science, and offers an interpretation of their significance. I suggest that Feyerabend’s sense of contingency was connected to his defences of pluralism, and also to the “conquest of abundance” narrative developed in the very late writings.
A numerical investigation into the equivalent parameters of a compressible soil treated by stone columns
Authors: Lahlouhi Aissa , Labed Mohamed , Mellas Mekki , Mabrouki Abdelhak
Published: May 2024

A series of triaxial test simulations are adopted to estimate the equivalent strength parameters for compressible soil samples reinforced with stone columns. The simulations utilize the finite difference code, Fast Lagrangian Analysis of Continua in three dimensions FLAC3D. An elasto-plastic model is applied to utilize a Mohr-Coulomb yield criterion. The equivalent strength parameters are estimated using newly proposed formulas for geo-composite materials. The researchers compare the obtained results to the analytical formulas proposed in the literature. Additionally, the equivalent parameters are used in equivalent area models. This study investigates the effect of the replacement area ratio. This study offers two applications. Firstly, it evaluates the safety factor of embankments constructed on compressible soil improved with stone columns. Secondly, it estimates the bearing capacity of strip footings on compressible soil treated with stone columns. In all applications, both individual column and equivalent area models are considered. The proposed equations for the equivalent elastic parameters (E, ν) and the mechanical properties, equivalent cohesion, and internal frictional angle (c and φ) give results that agree with the solutions reported in the existing literature.
Nickel iron mining slag and soil acidity correction
Authors: Santos José Mateus dos , Silva Sandro Dutra e , Souza Rodrigo Fernandes de , Moura Jadson Belem de
Published: May 2024

Soil acidity is one of the limiting factors of agricultural production most commonly reported in oxidic soils, such as Oxisols often found in the Brazilian Cerrado regions for example.  The dredging is the most efficient management practice in the correction of soil acidity and increase of base saturation levels. The nickel iron mining scora is a residue that has relevant amounts of magnesium silicate, and may have neutralization capacity of soil acidity.  Therefore, the objective of this work was to value the potential of magnesium silicate as a soil acidity corrective. The experimental design used was completely randomized, arranged in a 2x5x5 factorial scheme with twelve replications, where the 1st factor consisted of two hatching dates, 30 and 60 days, the 2nd factor consisted of five doses of mining slag: 0, 90, 120, 150 and 180 Mg ha-1, and the 3rd factor consisted of five doses of dolomític limestone:  0, 90, 120, 150 and 180 Mg ha-1.  The mining slag did not present soil pH neutralization power under the evaluated conditions. However, it presented potential for neutralization under conditions of lower granulometry and greater solubilization.
A percepção do home office pós pandemia sob o olhar de servidores públicos de uma instituição de ensino superior
Authors: Paiva Emanuella Rodrigues Veras da Costa , Pereira Tarciara Magley da Fonseca , Barreto Laís Karla da Silva , Soares Leonardo Freire de Mendonça , Césa Eliane Saturnino , Silva Fábio da , Aouar Walid Abbas El , Trigueiro-Fernandes Leandro
Published: May 2024

Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo analisar a percepção de profissionais que atuaram em regime de home office durante o período de pandemia da Covid-19, visando identificar as vantagens, desvantagens e os desafios desta prática, bem como suas perspectivas de continuidade em um contexto de pós-pandemia. Para aprofundar a temática esta revisão da literatura abordou o conceito e a evolução do teletrabalho e pesquisas relacionadas a experiências e práticas do home office. Utilizando o método de pesquisa, foi realizado um questionário survey por meio de disponibilização de um link com um questionário em Google Forms, dirigido aos servidores da instituição que estavam em atividade de forma remota no período da pandemia utilizando o formato home office, foram utilizados 19 respostas, que corresponde a uma média de 70% de servidores totais da Pró-Reitoria onde o estudo foi realizado, para análise dos dados, considerando apenas os indivíduos que trabalharam nessa modalidade pelo menos em algum momento de suas vidas profissionais, sendo esse momento antes ou durante, a pandemia. Os principais resultados indicam que o home office é uma tendência para um futuro próximo, com cenário favorável à sua prática, e com indicação de utilizar seu formato a modalidade híbrido, mas será necessário a estruturação da modalidade por parte das instituições, com foco em fornecimento de recursos necessários, estabelecendo limites e respeitando a carga horária de dedicação, horários de reuniões, melhoria no suporte e apoio na definição mais clara de limites da fronteira entre o profissional e o pessoal no home office. Como sugestão para novos estudos, cabe considerar como o home office afeta o processo de inclusão e diversidade no ambiente profissional e a possibilidade aumentar o fosso de outros setores da instituição.
Romania: Striving for Balance in the Face of Demographic Challenges
Authors: Vallasek Magdolna
Published: May 2024

Long regarded as second-rate rights or disregarded in practice and implemented sparingly and partly insufficiently backed up by active, coherent measures to guarantee their exercise, social rights are coming back into focus in bad economic times. Accordingly, it is relevant to say that the question of social rights is a particularly important topic these days, as the global society faces renewed crises generated by economic recession, inflation, pandemic and war. In this context, the issue of sustainability of the social system is a key factor. This chapter presents the regulatory framework and sustainability issues of social benefits in Romania. As a starting point, we will set out the constitutional foundations and legal principles of social law and briefly outline the main stages in the development of Romanian social law regulation and the role of social law in the Romanian legal system.In the second half of the paper, we will go into more detail on some of the most important areas, such as the regulation of the pension system, accident insurance, and healthcare and long-term care, with an emphasis on demographic aspects and sustainability.
Ukrainian Preventive Restructuring
Authors: Kononov Oleksiy
Published: May 2024

Having been granted candidate status for EU membership, Ukraine must transpose Directive (EU) 2019/1023 into its national law. Furthermore, the transposition of the Directive is an explicit requirement for the EU's micro-financial aid to Ukraine. Ukraine faces a rather unique situation, being obligated to reform its insolvency legislation in line with the Directive during a time of war and within tight deadlines set by the EU. Currently, two bills have been filed with Parliament aimed at revising the 2018 Code on Bankruptcy Procedures in accordance with the Directive. The proposed modernizations aim to address the existing problems that Ukrainian businesses face when attempting pre-trial insolvency prevention measures and could prove extremely useful for Ukraine's post-war economic recovery.
Volatility Spillover Benefits of the Hang Seng Index and Shanghai Composite Index: A Vector Autoregressive (VAR) Model and Granger Causality Test Analysis
Authors: Gu Tianrui , Hao Zongjing
Published: May 2024

This study aims to explore the volatility spillover benefits between two major stock markets in Hong Kong and Shanghai, namely the Hang Seng Index and the Shanghai Composite Index. Empirical analysis is conducted using a Vector Autoregressive (VAR) model and Granger causality test based on daily return data from 2013 to 2023. The research finds a significant volatility interaction between the Hang Seng Index and the Shanghai Composite Index, which is more pronounced during periods of global economic instability. Impulse response analysis reveals that positive shocks in Hang Seng Index lead to increased volatility in the short term for the Shanghai Composite Index but gradually weaken to a weak negative effect in the long term. Conversely, positive shocks in the Shanghai Composite Index have a short-term inhibitory effect on the Hang Seng Index but transform into a weak promoting effect in the long term. These findings have important implications for investors and policymakers in risk management, forecasting future stock market trends, and capital allocation.
The Impact of U.S. Carbon Tariff on Chinas Exports and Welfare Based on Empirical Analysis and Game Models
Authors: Gu Siqi
Published: May 2024

This paper will begin by formulating an optimal tariff model between China and the U.S., leading us to an equilibrium point. From this vantage point, we will deduce the consequences of U.S. tariffs on China's exports and the ramifications of U.S. carbon tariffs on China's societal welfare. Next, we will develop an economic model considering the existing China-U.S. tariffs and their trading relationship. This model will help determine the influence of U.S. tariffs on China's export volume and societal welfare. In addition, we will compute the impact of U.S. tariffs on China's societal welfare and export to the U.S., factoring in China's carbon emissions per 100 yuan of GDP, and finally, concern the industrial impact of such carbon tariffs. Third, using two distinct game models, we would probe into the viability and possibility of the U.S. levying a carbon tariff on Chinese exports. The evolutionary game models reflect real-world scenarios, which point out that the U.S. will eventually apply a carbon tariff on China. Next, the dynamic game model considers different parties, Chinas government and firms, and different factors, environmental costs, and green subsidies. The model provides the circumstances in which the U.S. will levy a carbon tariff, whether China should provide a green subsidy, and whether the company should implement green production technology. Finally, we would discuss potential strategies China might adopt to navigate the challenges of the U.S. carbon tariff and examine the broader implications of such a move.
Maison Margiela Brand Identity Change and the Embodiment of Brand Culture
Authors: Lin Zihan
Published: May 2024

In recent years, due to the bad global economic environment caused by the epidemic, many companies are on the verge of bankruptcy, but companies engaged in luxury goods have hardly received too much impact, which is a problem worth studying. Most luxury brands design products that are compelling enough for customers to keep spending. Because every luxury brand has its own long history, special brand style and brand long-term concept. This is crucial for the long-term development of luxury brands. But because of the long history of the luxury market, it is difficult to make some new changes to increase the number of consumers beyond loyal customers. Some brands choose traditional methods, do not carry out large-scale marketing, do not add new customers, choose to continue to sell goods to those loyal customers, and some brands choose to cooperate with other brands to increase awareness and expand the consumer base.
Optimizing Betting Strategies with the Kelly Criterion for Economic
Authors: Huo Yirong
Published: May 2024

This comprehensive study explores the Kelly Criterion, a strategy devised for betting but with significant implications in economic decision-making and wealth management. The criterion, initially developed to maximize long-term growth in independent repeated bets with positive expected net returns, has evolved to encompass a broad range of applications. Through the use of mathematical modeling and probability theory, this research demonstrates how the Kelly Criterion can be effectively applied to enhance wealth accumulation. The societal benefits of this approach are manifold, extending to the reduction of problem gambling rates and promoting responsible gaming. The research also delves into the broader implications of the Kelly Criterion for society, suggesting that its judicious application can significantly shape the future of gambling as a recreational activity. By ensuring informed decision-making, the criterion benefits both individuals and society as a whole, offering a structured approach to managing financial risks and rewards. The expanded scope of this study highlights the versatility of the Kelly Criterion, showing its potential as a pivotal tool in modern economic scenarios, characterized by uncertainty and fluctuating financial markets.
Challenges and Solutions in the Digital Transformation of "Specialized, Refined, Unique, and New" Small and Medium Enterprises
Authors: Yu Jiahui
Published: May 2024

Against the backdrop of the Digital China initiative, exploring how "Specialized, Refined, Unique, and New" (SRUN) enterprises can effectively undergo digital transformation to enhance innovation capabilities is a crucial and urgent topic. For these enterprises, accelerating digital transformation is key to addressing contemporary challenges, improving efficiency, reducing costs, showcasing unique advantages, and leading the trend of intelligent manufacturing. Throughout the transformation process, these enterprises face multiple dilemmas and challenges: despite a strong willingness to transform, they lack corresponding capabilities; infrastructure is improving, but the technological environment is not yet ideal; willingness to collaborate is increasing, but effective synergy is lacking; policy support is growing, but needs to be more precise. In order to better promote the digital transformation of SRUN enterprises, appropriate strategies must be adopted to address these challenges. This includes enhancing awareness and strengthening talent development, improving infrastructure, optimizing the transformation environment, fostering a favorable digital ecosystem, enhancing collaborative cooperation, and optimizing institutional design to elevate service standards. These measures collectively provide a pathway for SRUN enterprises to drive digital transformation.
Improvement of DEVA Model in Valuation Research of Internet Financial Information Service Companies
Authors: Zhu Jiangbin , Yang Zuer , Li Peifan
Published: May 2024

With the development of the digital economy and the internet, the internet financial information service industry has shown strong momentum. Different from traditional enterprises, internet financial information service companies possess characteristics of low assets, high risks, and difficulties in measuring non-financial indicators. As a result, traditional valuation methods exhibit inaccuracies in application and require the introduction of non-financial valuation models for validation. Therefore, considering the industry's characteristics from a user perspective, we introduce the Metcalfe valuation modelthe DEVA valuation model. Simultaneously, we improve this model and, using Hithink Royalflush Information Network Co., Ltd. as a case study, estimate the value at the evaluation point using both the original DEVA model and the revised new model. Finally, we analyze and compare the differences between the various valuations and Royalflush's total market value at the evaluation point, concluding that the improved DEVA model yields more fair and accurate valuation results.
The Impact of Digital Inclusive Finance on Economic Growth in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
Authors: Chen Keyue , Sun Yue
Published: May 2024

With the advancement of digital technology and the in-depth exploration of inclusive finance, digital inclusive finance has emerged as a result. The development of digital inclusive finance is propelled by the reduction of costs and barriers in financial services through digital technology. Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, due to its remote geographical location, faces spatial constraints that are overcome by digital inclusive finance. Therefore, this paper focuses on the study of the effects of digital inclusive finance on economic growth in Xinjiang. To analyze the impact of digital inclusive finance on economic growth in the Xinjiang region, this paper constructs a dynamic panel GMM (Generalized Method of Moments) model based on panel data from Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region for the years 2011-2019. Empirical analysis reveals that digital inclusive finance has a positive effect on economic growth in the Xinjiang region.
Research on the Current Application of Big Data in Public Governance
Authors: Li Yuhan , Zhang Yousheng
Published: May 2024

Computer technology has profoundly impacted contemporary society, and the social governance of the digital era is inseparable from big data technology. The importance of data statistics in the field of public governance is increasingly prominent, as it can aid government decision-making, improve the quality and efficiency of services. By deeply analyzing data, precisely meeting public demand, increasing service speed and execution, and through real-time monitoring of social data, the government can grasp social dynamics, pre-warn risks, formulate targeted policies, and ensure social stability and harmony. At the same time, attention is paid to the problems that may arise from the application of big data technology, fully leveraging the unique advantages of electronic information technology, establishing and improving relevant laws and regulations to ensure its healthy and orderly development.
Research on the Impact of Digital Transformation on the High-Quality Development of Enterprises: A Case Study of the Manufacturing Industry
Authors: Zhang Yunqiu
Published: May 2024

The manufacturing sector faces increasingly intense competitive pressures in its operational development. Adjusting production structures based on emerging technologies has become a crucial measure for the high-quality development of the manufacturing industry. It can activate the potential driven by big data elements to achieve economic transformation and innovative development in manufacturing. Digital transformation has brought new opportunities and challenges to the manufacturing industry. How to use digital technology to transform and upgrade cost management has become an urgent issue for the manufacturing sector. Based on this, this paper takes the manufacturing industry as an example, focusing on analyzing the impact of digital transformation on the high-quality development of enterprises and the optimization strategies.
Reasons for the Continuous Existence of the Pink Tax
Authors: Xiong Wanchang
Published: May 2024

The price difference between almost identical products, because of the difference in who they are sold to and the overall higher sales price of women's products than of men's products, is known as the "pink tax.". The study analyzes the reasons for the persistence of the pink tax in the market for a long time, utilizing questionnaires and interviews. The main factors that contribute to the persistence of the pink tax are information, customer, market, and policy. Due to inaccurate and incomplete product information, the pink tax is unavoidable. Compared to men, female consumers are more likely to buy expensive products as they are more willing to spend on design and impulse consumption. Therefore, for the market, the fact that it is easier to profit from female consumers will undoubtedly contribute to the phenomenon of the pink tax, which will help businessmen make more profits from female consumers. In addition, as some potential problems are insensible to the government, some policies are not able to protect womens rights perfectly.
Research on the Relationship Between Institutional Investor Network, Government R&D Subsidy and Corporate R&D Investment: Evidence from China
Authors: Wang Luning
Published: May 2024

This paper studies the relationship between institutional investor network, government subsidy and R&D investment in Chinese market. This paper selects the data of A-share listed companies from 2015 to 2020 as samples, and uses UCIENT and Stata to process and analyze the data. In this study, companies in the financial sector were excluded to avoid cross-pollination. Through empirical analysis, the research results show that the higher the degree of institutional investors' network centrality, the higher the R&D investment of enterprises. This means that a well-positioned institutional investor network can obtain more professional, high-value information, and promote corporate R&D investment through joint pressure and voting by institutional investors. In addition, this study finds that government subsidies have an incentive effect on corporate R&D investment. Further analysis verifies the moderating effect of government R&D subsidies on institutional investor network and firm R&D investment. The finding shows that government subsidies can improve the promotion effect of institutional investor network location on firm R&D investment.
A Company Analysis and Risk Assessment of Nike
Authors: Xiong Yali
Published: May 2024

This paper offers a detailed examination of Nike's current strategic initiatives, both internal and external, aimed at addressing potential challenges and ensuring sustained market leadership in the dynamic sportswear industry. Internally, the company's commitment to innovation, effective marketing, and product differentiation reflects a proactive approach to maintaining competitiveness. Collaborative efforts with athletes and influencers contribute to increased brand awareness and market share. Additionally, Nike's research and development data guide the brand in understanding consumer preferences, reinforcing its market leadership. Externally, Nike adeptly navigates economic fluctuations, global competition, and technological changes through a diversified supply chain, strategic financial instruments, and an openness to technological advancements. The company's social responsibility objectives further bolster its brand reputation, mitigating potential threats from labor and environmental concerns. This paper suggests that Nike can enhance its risk management by prioritizing sustainable practices and ethical sourcing, aligning with the rising demand for environmentally conscious products. Strengthening collaborations with regulatory bodies, embracing emerging technologies, and closely monitoring consumer trends will be crucial for maintaining agility in adapting to market shifts and securing continued success and growth.
Dependence of Investing Strategies on Expected Discounted Rate
Authors: Chen Hanxi
Published: May 2024

The Discounted Cash Flow model is a cornerstone in the fields of corporate finance and investment valuation, serving as a crucial decision-making tool for stock valuation. Driven by the motivation of searching for the dependence of different investing strategies on expected discounted rates, the article compares the valuations of two types of hypothetical net free cash flows under the same fluctuation of discounted rates, representing the stable and aggressive growth of companies. Modeling studies are then supported by regressing different representative indexes on the yield-to-maturity of China's 10-year treasury bond. A larger dependence on treasury yield is shown in valuable stocks than in grow-up stocks. The work uses a hypothetical model to explain this phenomenon from the perspective of investors. Valuable stocks investments give greater weight to assessments of the macro environment because of lower sensitivity and predictable patterns, whereas grow-up stocks investors base their careful assessment of the volatile valuation of start-ups less on the standard rate, even though it implies a risk-free rate.
Innovation-Driven Stock ValuationThe Influence Mechanism of R&D Investment in China Stock Market
Authors: Chen Shuhan
Published: May 2024

Scientific and technological innovation plays a vital role in the development of enterprises and national economic growth. Stock valuation reflects the capital market's recognition of enterprises, and whether technological innovation can promote the improvement of enterprise stock valuation needs to be empirically tested. Therefore, this study selects listed companies in Shenzhen and Shanghai Stock Exchange from 2017 to 2022 as samples to explore the impact of technological innovation on stock valuation through empirical tests. The results show that technological innovation has a positive impact on stock valuation. The research in this paper not only enriches the relevant literature of technological innovation and enterprise valuation, but also has important reference value for enterprise management and guiding investors to rational investment.
Machine Learning for Economic Forecast Based on Past 30 Years and Covid-19 Pandemic Data
Authors: Yu Mo
Published: May 2024

Along the time, there are many forecasting techniques applied by researchers in various topics in Economics. Traditionally, some of the most popular time-series analysis model like Vector-autoregressive (VAR) are still widely applied in Economics forecasting topics since they can capture sufficient information for a dataset to predict. On the other hands, machining learning and deep-learning algorithm also shades a way for forecasting. In particular, algorithm like Gradient boosting, learning algorithm Long-short-term memory (LSTM) shows their tremendous accuracy when applying to Economic data. Covid-19 leads to one of the largest economic recessions in history in terms of intensity and time. In this article, some of the popular forecasting methods are applied to forecasting GDP data with the record from Covid-19. The empirical analysis is conducted for data in United states to compare the accuracy and divergency for various prediction algorithms. It turns out that machine learning algorithms are well performed in US cases where they generate relatively low forecasting error.
A Comparative Analysis of the Level of Direct Commercial and Financial Relations: A Case Study of the Two Sides of the Taiwan Straits in the Past Ten Years
Authors: Yeh ChungChieh
Published: May 2024

This research conducts a comprehensive analysis of the direct commercial and financial relations between Taiwan and mainland China over the past ten years, aiming to understand the depth, trends, and impacts of economic ties. The study employs a comparative analysis approach to leverage data from reputable sources such as the International Monetary Fund (IMF), World Bank, and official reports from Taiwan and China. The analysis of trade patterns reveals a consistent increase in volumes, showcasing a maturing economic relationship marked by the diversification of traded goods. Cross-Strait investments, particularly in critical sectors like technology and finance, highlight strategic collaborations and sector-specific interdependence. Financial relationships, examined through IMF reports and national financial institutions, demonstrate a deepening integration of banking ties despite geopolitical complexities. The study employs theoretical frameworks such as Complex Interdependence Theory and Political Economy Theory to interpret findings. The data analysis includes time-series analysis techniques to identify seasonality, trends, and cyclical patterns, providing insights for policymakers and businesses. The study's significance lies in its contribution to understanding the multifaceted nature of cross-Strait economic relations, emphasizing the endurance of economic interactions despite political complexities. The findings provide a nuanced foundation for improved bilateral relations, offering policymakers insights for strategic adjustments and fostering sustainable economic collaboration. In conclusion, this research contributes to the academic discourse on Taiwan-China economic relations by providing a detailed and empirically supported analysis. It addresses the intricacies of trade, investments, and financial collaborations, shedding light on the dynamics shaping the economic ties between these two entities.
Venture Capital Investment: A Full Look at Its History, Importance, Investment Dynamics, Effects on Entrepreneurship, and Outlook for the Future
Authors: Li Jiawen
Published: May 2024

To understand venture capital investment, it is necessary to go back in time and find out where venture capital comes from. Venture capital has its roots in the middle of the 20th century, a time when great changes occurred in both technology and the economy. In this paper, the history, current importance, investment complexities, and possible future paths of venture capital are analyzed. According to analysis, conclusions can be drawn that venture capital investment can create job opportunities, help in technological progress, encourage new ideas, support entrepreneurship, and boost the modern economy. At the same time, venture capital investment can also bring pressure to management in dealing with uncertainties or lead to conflicts of interest between entrepreneurs and venture capitalists. Overall, venture capital will continue to play an influential role in the future. Its capacity to adapt economic landscapes and seize new chances will determine its impact in shaping future economy and innovation.
Economic Development Pattern and Trade Imbalance: Comparing the U.S. with East Asia
Authors: Liu Tianshu
Published: May 2024

With the development of trade globalization, East Asian countries have occupied an important position in global trade. The rise of the East Asian economy has led to a long-term trade deficit between the United States and East Asian countries, causing economic imbalance. Focusing on the economic development patterns of the United States and East Asian countries, this paper proposes a research question: How does the difference in economic development between the U.S. and East Asian countries lead to trade imbalance? This article uses comparative advantage and absolute advantage theory, Keynesian political economy, global savings glut hypothesis and the flying-geese model to provide theoretical support for the research, and then uses data from the World Bank and Bureau of Economic Analysis to further demonstrate. The last part of this paper makes an empirical analysis through case analysis and model tests. This study argues that differences in economic development lead to an international division of labor and a savings-investment gap, which in turn lead to trade imbalances.
Ireki ditzagun gure ikasgeletako ateak: berdinen arteko behaketa, irakasleen garapen profesionalerako estrategia
Authors: Fernández Torres Ana , Sánchez Tornel María
Published: May 2024

Artikulu honen bidez, berdinek elkarri behatzea zenbateraino den erabilgarria ulertaraztea da gure asmoa, irakasleen garapen profesionalerako oso tresna ona izan baitateke. Gainera, ikusarazi nahi dugu esperientzia txikiak ere oso aberasgarriak izan daitezkeela. Lehenik eta behin, gure esperientzia (Murtziako Hizkuntza Eskola Ofizialekoa) zein esparru teorikotan oinarritu den azalduko dugu; berdinen arteko behaketatik eta praktika gogoetatsutik abiatu da, irakasleen garapen profesionalerako funtsezko osagaiak baitira. Ondoren, gure esperientzia deskribatuko dugu; horretarako, jarraitutako prozesuak eta erabilitako tresnak luze-zabal azalduko ditugu. Bukatzeko, mintegiaren emaitza aurkeztuko dugu: mintegian parte hartu duen irakasle-taldeak egindako behaketa-eskuliburua. Azkenik, jarraibide batzuk emango ditugu, gure esperientziaren arabera antzeko proiektu bat edozein erakunde hezitzailetan gauzatzeko.
Türk Siyasi Hayatında Kılıçdaroğlu Dönemi ve CHP’nin İdeolojik Yönelişi: Millet İttifakı’na Çıkan Yol
Authors: Turan Abdullah
Published: May 2024

Türk siyasi hayatında yaşanan gelişmeler Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi (CHP)’nin ideolojik konumunu değişmeye zorlamıştır. Baykal döneminde oy oranı düşen CHP, Kılıçdaroğlu evresinde yeni bir ideolojik yönelişle ve yeni politik tercihlerle seçmen sayısını artırmayı denemiştir. Başkanlık sisteminin getirdiği yeni düzen, “yetkilerle güçlendirilmiş yürütme erkini” elde etmek için % 50+1 oyu bir zorunluluk olarak Kılıçdaroğlu’nun önüne getirmiştir. Bu nedenle sadece sol ideolojik bir tutum benimseyerek iktidara gelebilmek güç hale gelmiştir. Bu süreçte zorunlu olarak kurulan ve karma ideolojik bir oluşum olan Millet İttifakı’nı (Altılı Masa) sürdürebilme kaygısı CHP’nin yönetmekte zorlandığı büyük bir mesele olmuştur. Çalışma bahsi geçen problem çerçevesinde en güncel haliyle Kılıçdaroğlu’nun ideolojik yönelişini incelemeye almakta ve buna dair göstergeleri açığa çıkararak Millet İttifakı’na giden süreci anlamaya katkı sunmayı amaçlamaktadır. Bu amaçla literatür taraması yapılarak bu konuya dair birincil ve ikincil kaynaklar toparlanmıştır. Elde edilen veriler ışığında öncelikle ideoloji kavramı değerlendirilerek CHP’nin Kılıçdaroğlu dönemine kadarki ve Kılıçdaroğlu dönemindeki ideolojik yönelişi irdelenmiştir. Ayrıca Kılıçdaroğlu dönemindeki politik tutum dikkate alınarak Millet İttifakı’na giden süreç sorgulanmıştır. Böylece Kılıçdaroğlu CHP’sinin ideolojik duruşundan ziyade politika yönelişlerinin daha görünür olduğu ve Millet İttifakı’na giden sürecin iktidara ulaşmak için bir zorunluluk olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
The Effect of Turkey’s (Türkiye) Country Image on Country Reputation: A Study From The Perspective of Citizens of The People’s Republic of China
Authors: Sarıoğlu Esra , Yolaçan Eyinç Zeynep Beril , Demiral Barış Yiğit , Tang Qingye
Published: May 2024

In the 21st century, with globalization, the concepts of image and reputation have become indispensable for countries, and studies on these concepts have gained momentum in the literature. One of the countries that has accelerated its image and reputation efforts is the Republic of Türkiye, located in the west of Asia. Since its establishment, the Republic of Türkiye has developed political and economic relations with many countries. One of these countries is the People’s Republic of China, located east of Asia. China and Türkiye have continued their political, economic, and cultural relations since the 2000s. This study examines the impact of Türkiye’s country image on the country’s reputation from the perspective of Chinese citizens and also reveals how Chinese citizens perceive Türkiye’s image and reputation. The study involved conducting face-to-face surveys using a convenience sampling method with 434 Chinese citizens in Shanghai between December 21-31, 2023. Due to incorrect and missing data, the data of 420 participants were analyzed. The data was subjected to reliability tests, factor analyses, frequency analyses, and regression analyses. The analysis concluded that Chinese citizens’ perception of Türkiye significantly effects the country’s reputation.
Erken Cumhuriyet Döneminde Taşranın Denetimi: Ahval-i Umumiye Raporlarından Örnekler (1928-1930)
Authors: Fırat Onat Gülbin
Published: May 2024

Bu çalışmada, 1928-1930 yılları arasında İdare Dergisi’nde yayımlanan Ahval-i Umumiye raporları ele alınmaktadır. Bu raporlar vilayetlerin sağlık, eğitim, asayiş, imar ve sosyal durumları ile ilgili kapsamlı bilgiler ve gözlemler içermektedir. İnceledikleri bölgelerle ilgili önemli tarihsel veriler barındıran bu raporlar aynı zamanda devletin bürokratik işleyişini göstermesi açısından da son derece önemlidir. Cumhuriyet’in ilk yıllarında reformlarının tüm ülkede yaygınlaşmasını sağlamak amacıyla merkezin taşraya nüfuz etmesini kolaylaştıracak toplumsal ve kurumsal düzeyde bir siyasi rejim inşası öne çıkmıştır. Bu dönemde yönetici elit, devletin bürokratik ve siyasi alanda karşılaştığı sorunların çözümünde çeşitli teftiş ve raporlama sistemlerinden faydalanmıştır. Bu çalışmada, 1928 ve 1930 tarihleri arasında İdare Dergisi’nde yayımlanan Sivas, Gaziantep, Isparta, Zonguldak, İzmir ve Adana Ahvali Umumiye raporları incelenecek ve devletin merkezileşme çabaları bağlamında tartışılacaktır. Öncelikle bu raporların içerik ve işleyişleri hakkında bilgi verilecektir. Ayrıca, 1920'ler ve 1930'lardaki siyasi konsolidasyon ve devlet kurma çabalarıyla bağlantılı olarak, bürokratik elitin teftiş, bilgi toplama ve raporlama sistemleri neden tercih ettiği tartışılacaktır