bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study on the Calculation Method for Pumping Process in as Vacuum System
Authors: Huang Si , Guo Jiawei , Yi Tiankun , Li Songfeng , Wu Taizhong
Published: November 2021

The calculation methods for vacuum system pumping were usually based on some simple theoretical models, the corresponding results had significant deviations from actual situations. In this study, medium and low vacuum systems (including vacuum chambers, pipes and pumps) were taken as research objects. With a measured vacuum system, and relationship between pump’s suction flowrate and inlet pressure, a new calculation method for vacuum pumping time was proposed, in which laminar or turbulent model was selected according to the pipeline’s flow state. New and traditional laminar method were used to calculate the pumping process of the measured system, which found that in the middle and high pressure stage, the pipeline flow was in turbulent state and the resistance was non-negligible. If the influence of turbulence was ignored, the calculated pressure drop would be faster than actual situation. The calculation result was verified by actual measurement result, indicating that new method is practical for vacuum pumping time calculation.
Research of Pressure Fluctuation with Experiment and Numerical Simulation for Dredging Pump
Authors: Liu Mingming , Zhuang Haifei , Cao Lei
Published: November 2021

In order to reveal the dredge pump flow instability characteristics, the cavitation and pressure fluctuation in experimental study are carried out, the pressure fluctuation frequency domain and time domain characteristics of three different position inside the volute are analyzed. The results showed that, before cavitation, the main frequency at different positions at different flow rates is 1 times the main frequency of the blade. The fluctuation amplitude near the volute tongue and diffusion section is slightly larger than that at other positions. Before cavitation, the fluctuation amplitude at the same position off design flow is slightly higher than that near the design flow. Cavitation has little influence on the main frequency of the pressure fluctuation. After cavitation, the pressure fluctuation amplitude in the low flow point and the position of the volute tongue under each condition has little change, but cavitation aggravates the pressure fluctuation in the other conditions. Besides, the comparison between simulation and experiment results shows the dredge pump performance curve is in good agreement with the simulation curve, and the simulation results of pressure amplitude at different positions are basically consistent with the experiment results, which verifies the reliability of the numerical simulation method.
FPGA-based low-cost synchronized fiber network for experimental setups in space
Authors: Oberschulte T. , Wendrich T. , Blume H.
Published: November 2021

Custom experiment setups in physics often require control electronics to execute actions and measurements on a small time scale.
When further constraints limit the experiment's environment, for example when the experiment is inside a sounding rocket, conventional network systems will not suffice those constraints because of weight, heat or budget limitations.
This paper proposes a network architecture with a time resolution of less than 1 ns over a pair of plastic fibers while using low-cost commercial hardware.
The plastic fibers in comparison to copper fibers have a low weight and additionally can isolate parts of the setup galvanically.
Data rates of 40 Mbit s-1 enable the network to transfer large amounts of measurements and configuration data over the network.
Proof-of-concept implementations of network endpoints and switches on small FPGAs are analyzed in terms of synchronicity, data rate and resource usage. Using commercial parts the resolution of 1 ns is reached with a standard deviation of less than 100 ps. Compared to a copper wire implementation the weight is reduced by about one order of magnitude.
With its low weight at a low cost, the network is useful in space or laboratory setups which require high time resolution.
Performance evaluation of lead-monoxide dosimeter with parylene coating for quality assurance of brachytherapy devices
Authors: Yang S.W. , Han M.J. , Jung J.H. , Mun C.W , Cho H.L. , Park S.K.
Published: November 2021

The source position of irradiation is identified using a
method that uses rulers and films for quality assurance (QA) in
brachytherapy. However, this method involves a high probability of
errors, because the scales are checked using the naked eye, and QA
is indirectly performed using photographs. Lead monoxide (PbO) is
widely used as a semiconductor dosimeter, because it is a
photoconductor that generates electrons in response to
electromagnetic waves. Moreover, PbO has excellent sensitivity to
reflected rays, owing to its high atomic number (Z
Pb:
82, Z
O: 8) and density (ρPbO:
9.53 g/cm3). We applied PbO to a dosimeter for QA in a
brachytherapy device and attempted to increase the signal stability
with a parylene coating for performance improvement. Subsequently, a
comparative analysis was performed with a PbO dosimeter that was not
coated with parylene to determine whether the fabricated dosimeter
is applicable as a dosimeter for QA of the brachytherapy device, by
analyzing the reproducibility, linearity, percentage interval
distance (PID), and angular dependence in the 192Ir source used
for brachytherapy. The RSD of the non-parylene PbO dosimeter was
0.85%, and the RSD of the parylene PbO dosimeter was 0.40% in the
reproducibility results. In the linearity evaluation results, the
R
2 value of the non-parylene PbO dosimeter was 0.9996, and that
of the parylene PbO dosimeter was 0.9997 In the PID evaluation
results, the difference in the intensity distribution measured
according to the distance due to the dose was attenuated at the
coated parylene in the case of the parylene PbO
dosimeter. Therefore, adjustments using correction coefficients are
required for suitable performance. In the angular dependence
evaluation results, the parylene PbO dosimeter had 3.44% less
angular dependence than the non-parylene dosimeter at an angle of
45°. The parylene-coated PbO dosimeter showed better
performance than the non-parylene-coated PbO dosimeter in terms of
the reproducibility, linearity, and angular dependence. Therefore,
it is considered that the parylene-coated PbO dosimeter can be
implemented for QA of brachytherapy devices.
Detection of GHR|AluI gene polymorphism and its association with body weight of Madura cattle in Indonesian Beef Cattle Research Station
Authors: Hartati  , Krisna N H , Firdaus F , Rahmadani S P , Soewandi B D P
Published: November 2021

Madura cattle is a one of the native cattle that are genetically tolerant of tropical climates. Madura cattle are one of the beef cattle breeds in Indonesia. Madura cattle can be a superior breed, but improving growth trait in Madura cattle needs to be conducted. The early step that was needed was for detecting the genes which were involved in growth traits. The purpose of this research was for detecting GHR gene polymorphisms and its association with body weight of Madura cattle population in Indonesian Beef Cattle Research Station. This study used 110 DNA samples of Madura cattle that was collected from the experimental barn at Indonesian Beef Cattle Research Station. DNA samples were extracted by DNA extraction kit. Genotype of GHR gene was detected by PCR-RFLP method using AluI restriction enzymes. In this study, association genotype and body weight was analysed by univariate GLM method. The birth weight, weaning weight, yearling weight and 18 months weight of Madura cattle were 16.8±0.3 kg; 82.4±2.3 kg; 124.6±3.7 kg and 166.7±5.0 kg, respectively. The GHR genes of Madura cattle had 3 genotypes AA, AG and GG and genotype frequencies of GHR gene were 0.273 (AA), 0.373 (AG), 0.355 (GG), respectively. Whereas the allele frequencies of A was 0.459 and the allele frequencies of G was 0.541. Based on Chi-square (X2) analysis showed that the population sample was not disequilibrium. The result of association analysis was significant (P <0.05) on weaning weight, yearling weight and 18 month weight. It was concluded that the GHR gene has potential as a genetic marker for growth traits and can be used as MAS in Madura cattle in Indonesian Beef Cattle Research Station.
Evaluation of the productivity of the Belgian Blue x POGASI crossbred cattle raised at the Beef Cattle Research Station
Authors: Primananda M , Aryogi  , Prihandini P W
Published: November 2021

This study aimed to evaluate the productivity of the Belgian Blue x POGASI crossbred cattle raised at the Beef Cattle Research Station located at Grati, Pasuruan. Therefore, data on productivity, such as body measurements, birth, weaning, and yearling weight, as well as reproductive performances, were collected and analyzed using t-tests from 11 calves of Belgian Blue x POGASI (F1) crossbred cattle consisting of 5 males and 6 females, and also 11 calves of POGASI cattle consisting of 3 males and 8 females. From the results, there were significant differences (P<0.05) in body measurements between Belgian Blue x POGASI crosses and the POGASI cattle. Specifically, the Belgian Blue x POGASI crossbred calves had birth, weaning, and a yearling weight of 34.45±6.55 kg, 218.08±37.99 kg and 368.05±41.77 kg, respectively, as well as age at first estrus and libido of 12.99±3.13 months and 16.53±1.45 months, respectively. Also, the crossbred calves had body weight at first estrus and libido of 413.25±38.46 kg and 489.75±42.60 kg, respectively. In conclusion, the productivity of Belgian Blue x POGASI crossbred calves was higher than that of POGASI calves. Therefore, it was concluded that BB x POGASI calves produced greater performances than POGASI calves.
Comparative study of herbal and non-herbal egg protein profile using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)
Authors: Ardiarini N , Lase J A
Published: November 2021

The purpose of this research is to compare the protein profile of herbals egg and non herbal egg using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). This research used HPLC Shimadzu 6.1 with column C18, flow rate mobile phase 1 ml/min, wavelenght detector UV Vis 220 nm and temperature 50o C. Mobile fase that used in this research was 10 and 60 % acetonitril (CH3CN) in water containing 0,05% triflouroacetic acid. Supplementation of herb containing bioactive antioxidant compounds affect the formation of egg yolk protein containing immunoglobulin. In this study, herbal eggs and non-herbal eggs were seen from their protein profile using the high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method and then analyzed using descriptive qualitative analysis. The result show that herbal egg yolk sample has a dominant protein with a molecular weight of 50.41 kDa. Herbal egg yolk protein appears at a retention time (RT) of 56.87 minutes, an area of 3303488 units of area, and the peak height of the graph / peak at 50,974 µAU. Meanwhile, non-herbal egg yolk sample has a dominant protein with a molecular weight of 49.94 kDa. This protein appears at a retention time of 1.307 minutes, an area of 149445550 units of area, and the peak height of the graph / peak at 402.6026 µAU. The results showed that the the peak of HPLC indicated an antioxidants were bound to the bioactive protein fractions of egg yolk. It could be concluded that bioactive herbal bound to egg yolk igY, but the bioactive compounds have not been identified yet.
Polymorphism of Insulin-induced gene 1 (INSIG1) of three local beef cattle in Indonesia
Authors: Volkandari S D , Margawati E T , Wulandari A S , Indriawati
Published: November 2021

Insulin-induced gene 1 (INSIG1) encoded protein that blocked of proteolysis activity from protein sterol regulatory element binding proteins (SREBP). The role gene plays of cholesterol, fatty acid, and glucose metabolism. Indonesia has many several beef cattle which has good quality of growth trait. The aim of this study was to identify polymorphism of INSIG1 gene (SNP 4366 (A>G) and 4534 (T>C)) of three local beef cattle in Indonesia (Bali, Pasundan and Ongole Decendent). One hundred and twenty seven samples were used in this study consisting of Bali cattle (46) from Pulukan Bali Island, Pasundan (36) from UPTD BPPT Beef cattle Ciamis West Java and Ongole Grade (OD) (45). DNA was extracted from whole blood using High Salt method then genotyping used PCR-RFLP method with RsaI and TaqI enzymes. Parameters in this study were genotype and allele frequencies, heterozigosity observed (Ho), expected (He), Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium (HWE) and Polymorphism Information Content (PIC). Result showed that a 428 bp of DNA fragment was successfully amplified and digested. Three variant of genotypes with two alleles were identified. For SNP 4366 (A>G) were AA, AG and GG with dominant of G allele while SNP 4534 (T>C) were CC, CT and TT with dominant C allele. Both of SNPs in each of breed populations was in Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium and polymorphic. Additionally, PIC value reached moderate. In conclusion, polymorphism was found in beef cattle and it could be early study for genetic diversity
Assessment on pastoral system within oil palm - cattle integrated system to support beef self-sufficiency in North Sumatra
Authors: Sitindaon S H , Hasyim A R , Khairiah  , Ramija K E
Published: November 2021

The research was conducted to see the forage production, carry capacity and rotation cycle that was most suitable for grazing cattle in the ecosystem of oil palm plantations. The research was conducted at Tanah Itam Ulu Oil Palm Plantation, Tanah Itam Ulu Village, Lima Puluh District, North Sumatra from January-December 2017. The research used RCBD consisting of 3 x 3 with 3 replications. The first factor is the age of oil palm trees (6, 12 18 years), the second factor is the rotation cycle of forage (40, 50, 60 days). The parameters observed: forage production, cattle capacity, forage nutritional and botanical composition. The research results showed that forage production and carrying capacity had a significantly higher effect (P <0.05) with a harvest interval of 40 days at the location of juvenile oil palm, which was 11,962 kg dry matter /ha/year and carrying capacity was 1.31 AU/ha. Forage quality (protein, NDF and ADF) had no significant effect (P> 0.05). The dominant forage species appeared in almost all observation plots, namely Cyrtococcum and Axonopus. The results of the study concluded that oil palms of 12 years with a harvest rotation of 40 days provided the largest capacity for grazing beef cattle.
Aspects of animal welfare on Rusa Timor (Cervus timorensis) in Bumi Marina Captive Breeding Facility in Manokwari
Authors: Amareyao W , Warsono I U , Pattiselanno F
Published: November 2021

A conservation program of timor deer (Cervus timorensis) is carried out through its breeding approaches in captivity. This study aims to examine the welfare aspects of timor deer (Cervus timorensis) in Bumi Marina captivity based on the principles of animal welfare. This research uses a descriptive method and observation techniques in the captivity. Variables observed in this study are (1) free from hunger and thirst, and (2) free from pain, injury and diseases. The result indicates that the implementation of two welfare aspects of timor deer (Cervus timorensis) kept in the captivity has a 86 point based on the criteria used in this study, and categorised as very good, or grade A. This means that these two welfare components of the timor deer (Cervus timorensis) have fully met the criteria determined by the regulation of Directorate General of Forest Protection and Nature Conservation No. P.9 / IV-SET / 2011 regarding ethical guidelines and animal welfare in the captivity.
Tempoyak from Agam district of West Sumatera, Indonesia as a local probiotic super food candidate
Authors: Hendry N , Aldi Y , Syukur S , Juliyarsi I , Purwati E
Published: November 2021

Tempoyak is a traditional food made from durian which has the potential to be a probiotic superfood. Tempoyak is made by fermenting durian fresh in anaerobic conditions. Tempoyak naturally contains probiotic microorganisms called Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB). LAB is one of the most significant organisms and has benefits for help the healing process of various diseases such as diarrhea, constipation, irritable bowel syndrome, and infections. This study aims to determine the total colonies of LAB and chemical properties, namely protein value, fat content, water content, pH, and TTA (Total Titrable Acid) from tempoyak from Agam district. The method used is descriptive method and laboratory analysis. The sample used in this study was durian fresh (Durio zibethinus L.) with three treatments. The first treatment uses durian meat only (TK1), the second treatment uses durian meat with chili (TK2), the third treatment uses durian meat with salt (TK3). The results showed the total colonies of LAB 39x107 - 98x107, the highest was in tempoyak TK3. Protein content 2.84% - 3.90%, the highest was in tempoyak TK1. Fat content 3.37% - 3.74% and the highest was in tempoyak TK1. Water content 75.53% -85.38% and the highest was in tempoyak TK3. pH 4.1-4.3, the highest was in tempoyak TK1. Total Titrable Acid 0.28% - 0.36% and the highest was in tempoyak TK1.
Chemical composition and in vitro gas production of cassava peel silage using different preservatives
Authors: Kartika A D , Kusmartono  , Mashudi  , Ndaru PH
Published: November 2021

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of using different types and levels of preservatives on chemical composition and in vitro gas production (IVGP) of cassava peel silage. The following treatments were applied: T0: cassava peel without preservative; T1: T0 + molasses 2%; T2: T0 + molasses 4%; T3: T0 + rice bran 2%; T4: T0 + rice bran 4%; T5: T0 + cassava meal 2% and T6:T0 + cassava meal 4% with 3 replications arranged in a completely randomized design (CRD) for the chemical composition variable and randomized block design (RBD) for IVGP variable. The results showed that treatments significantly affected (P<0.01) DM, OM, and EE contents, significantly affected (P<0,05) IVGP but did not significantly affect CP, CF contents, potential, and rate of gas production (P>0.05). Treatment T5 seems to have higher values of IVGP and ME (159.1±7.19 ml/500 mgDM; 11.1±0.36MJ/kg DM, respectively) compared to the other treatments that might have related to a higher OM available for in vitro fermentation process. It can be concluded that the use of cassava meal at 2% level can be considered as the most ideal preservative to use to produce a high-quality cassava peel silage.
Comparison of mineral content of cuscus manure fertilizer and its trial results on the growth of Setaria sphacelata
Authors: Sawen D , Mauri F R S , Tirajoh S , Nuhuyanan L , Junaidi M
Published: November 2021

This study aims to determine the mineral content of cuscus’ manure and its utilization on the growth of Setaria spachelata grass. The study was designed with a completely randomized design (CRD) with 3 treatments (control / P0; cuscus manure from banana fruit feed / P1; and cuscus manure from avocado / P2) and 5 replications. The dose of organic fecal fertilizer for cuscus, 40 grams / polybag. The setaria seedlings used were adult poles measuring 20 cm, which were planted in polybags measuring 30 x 15 cm and weighing 5 kg of soil. The results showed that there were differences content in manure mineral among the types of fruit eaten as feed. Furthermore, its use on setaria grass was able to increase its growth, namely plant height, number of leaves and number of tillers, the control treatment was significantly different from treatment P1 and P2 (P <0.05), but between P1 and P2 did not show any differences. Plant height ranges from 35.10-39.10 cm, the number of leaves is 71-101, while the number of tillers is 13-21 tillers per polybag. The cuscus manure has the potential as organic fertilizer.
The addition of feed additive in beef cattle ration on in vitro fermentation characteristics
Authors: Hartina W A , Ridwan R , Diapari D , Fidriyanto R , Jayanegara A
Published: November 2021

The effects of feed additives are increasing feed digestibility, balance of rumen microbial community, stimulating the immune response and livestock productivity. This study aimed to determine the effects of feed additives combination in the rumen fermentation. The method used in this study was a block randomized design with 9 treatments and 3 replications. The experiment using Theodorou In vitro method for 48 hours with parameters such as pH, kinetics gas and methane production, DMD, OMD, NH3, and partial VFA. The treatment were P0; control (Basal Diet 70% Concentrate + 30% Forages), P1; P0 + Premix, P2; P1 + Probiotic, P3; P1 + Enzyme, P4; P1 + Plant Extract, P5; P1 + (Probiotics + Enzyme), P6; P1 + (Probiotics + Plant Extract), P7; P1 + (Probiotic + Enzyme + Plant Extract), and P8; P1 + (Enzyme + Plant Extract). The results showed kinetics gas, methane production, NH3, and partial VFA were significantly affected (P <0.05), while the value of pH, DMD, and OMD was not significant. In conclusion, the addition of mix feed additives can affect the kinetics gas and methane production. However, it does not affect the level of pH, dry matter and organic matter digestibility.
The importance of politics on precautionary principles’ implementation in the environmental sector: cases and examples of Indonesia and Australia
Authors: Prakoso S G , Lie W , Cahyani M P I
Published: November 2021

The United Nations’ arrangement to establish the Rio Declaration on Environment and Development in 1992 can be perceived as an effort to enforce sustainability efforts in the environmental sector. The declaration’s main principles are about the interdependent and indivisible relations between peace, development, and environmental protection. The Rio Declaration also mentions the term precautionary principle that could be implemented by the industrial actors in the countries but not limited to them. Countries that put ratification on it are directly binding to hold the mandate as one of the main actors in control of environmental protection. This study attempted to examine some countries’ government action toward formulation and implementation of environmental policy regarding the precautionary principle as the embodiment of the Rio Declaration 1992. This study will use descriptive qualitative methodology with data based on cases in Indonesia and Australia. The findings will explain the direct and indirect correlations within the government and industrial actors about the precautionary principle in the action. In addition, the result of this study indicates how politics plays a powerful role in the implementation of the precautionary principle.
The role of foreign ownership in the CSR performance of agriculture listed firms in Indonesia
Authors: Setiawan D , Widawati M W , Rizky H P
Published: November 2021

This study aims to examine the effect of ownership structure on the disclosure of corporate social responsibility of agricultural firms in Indonesia. Specifically, this focuses on the effect of foreign ownership on CSR disclosure. The sample consisted of agricultural firms listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2017 to 2019; and the data were analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis. The results showed that foreign ownership has a significant positive effect and can increase the disclosure of corporate social responsibility, especially in agricultural industry firms.
Utilization of coconut coir sack waste as eco-friendly canvas material
Authors: Munib J A
Published: November 2021

Sacks made from coconut coir are usually used by farmers and plantations as sacks for delivery of tobacco, cloves, coffee, tea leaves, etc. Many of us find used sacks made of coconut coir that have been damaged, torn and wasted. Using coconut coir sacks aims to reduce waste, protect the environment and eco-friendly. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method and with an action and research model. The action model taken is to design works of art and paintings on canvas made of used sacks made of coconut coir. Requires a special technique by coating waterproof paint to fill the pores of the holes in the sack. The research model was observing to available for waste sacks made of coconut coir and testing the strength of the sack into canvas and analyzing the durability and service life of coconut coir against paint.
Growth and yield response of local soybean in the giving of various organic fertilizer
Authors: Rahayu M , Purwanto E , Setyawati A , Sakya A T , Samanhudi  , Yunus A , Purnomo D , Handoyo G C , Arniputri R B , Na’imah S
Published: November 2021

Soybean is the basic material for any kind of industry, such as tofu and tempeh industries. Soybean cultivation will be better if use a sustainable agricultural system, such as using organic fertilizers. This research purpose was to find out the effect of organic fertilizer on the growth and yield of local soybean. The research used a complete randomized design with one factor which was a variety of organic fertilizers with 6 treatments. Various fertilizers used in this research consist of inorganic fertilizer, liquid organic, compost, cow manure, rabbit urine, chicken manure, and goat manure. Each test unit consists of 4 pots (plants) and each was repeated 4 times. The results showed that the provision of compost and goat manure increased the growth of local soybean plants, include plant height and the number of leaves at 42 DAP and leaf area at 28 DAP. The application of various organic fertilizers (liquid fertilizer, compost, cow manure, goat manure, and rabbit urine) is unable to increase the yield and yield components of local soybeans.
Development of community-based community-based agrotourism tea gardens for optimization of agricultural resources
Authors: Pujiasmanto B , Aliyah I J , Sugiarti R , Setyaningrum D
Published: November 2021

The James tea plantation is located in Girikerto Village, Sine District, Ngawi Regency, East Java. The number of tourists at the Jamus Tea Garden Tourism Object has decreased due to the Covid-19 pandemic. The purpose of this study was to examine the potential development of the Jamus Teagarden as a community-based agricultural tourism attraction as an effort to optimize agriculture resources. This study used a descriptive research method with a qualitative approach. Field observations, in-depth interviews, Focus Group Discussions, and document studies were carried out in data collection. Data validity uses data source triangulation. Agrotourism potential development is needed to utilize agricultural resources without damaging the environment. The potency of the Jamus tea garden in the utilization of agricultural resources can be optimized through the role of the community in various sectors. Especially in the economic sector, without any benefits, tourism business actors, including the community, will not be motivated to realize the success of agrotourism. The development of Agrotourism must also be primarily based on the environment. The environment must be maintained and preserved so that it can function sustainably.
Contribution of bearing capacity of land based on engineering geology in regional spatial policy (A study in Semarang City)
Authors: Wahyudi P A
Published: November 2021

The bearing capacity of the land (BCL) is a determining factor for the bearing capacity of the environment. The BCL depends on the resources in the land space, which is called the supply capacity. The capacity of providing BCL for spatial use is determined by the stability of the landmass of the expanse of land, namely engineering geology characteristics. The BCL for the use of space has been based on the land capacity for agriculture and the physical land. There are important things that are not included in the criteria, namely the ability of the land in terms of engineering geology characteristics. Soil samples from the drill were analyzed for soil characteristics. Analysis of field and laboratory tests to get the distribution of the value of BCL, then compiled the map of the BCL of Semarang City at 2.5-5.0 m depth. The BCL value is 0.201–14.248 kg/cm2, settlement value is 0–247.728 cm, duration of decline (DOD) is 0 – 5.147 years. The paper intended to contribute to spatial planning policy thinking, related to the BCL based on engineering geology as a determinant of land capability, an evaluation instrument of space utilization, and fundamental policy formulation.
Analysis of chili farming in Indonesia
Authors: Sundari M T , Darsono  , Sutrisno J , Antriyandarti E
Published: November 2021

Horticultural crops are one of the most prominent national income supporters in Indonesia. Chili is one of the vegetable commodities that have excellent and promising business opportunities. The need for chili increases every year, in line with the increasing population and the development of industries that require chili as raw material. This study aimed to determine the number of costs, revenues, income, and profits and determine the efficiency of chili farming in Indonesia. The total respondent was 342 from four provinces: West Java, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, Central Java, and East Java. The basic research method used in this research was descriptive and analytical. This study was carried out using survey techniques with a simple random sampling method. The method of analysis used is the analysis of costs, revenues, income, and farming profits. The results showed that the chili farming business obtained IDR 114,510,523.99. The costs incurred are IDR 41,120,740.16 per growing season so that the income is IDR 91,905,415.11 and the profit is IDR 73,389,783.83. The R/C ratio of 2.78 indicates that it is efficient.
Hayami method application: A value-added analysis of rice crackers industry in ex-residency of Madiun
Authors: Sundari M T , Setyowati  , Adi R K
Published: November 2021

This study aimed to determine the value-added of rice processing into rice crackers in the Ex-Residency of Madiun, East Java. Three areas (Ponorogo Regency, Magetan Regency, and Madiun City) well-known as rice crackers producers were chosen as the locations. The sample in this study was selected purposively. The result shows that the average value-added per raw material was Rp 2,210.57/kg with an average of 946.67 kg/month for raw material used. Using the Hayami method, the average value-added was Rp 14,206.33 per working hour. Rice crackers SMEs are advised to continue to improve efficiency, especially in terms of cost and the use of raw materials to further increase the value-added.
Analysis of marketing efficiency of shallot (Allium ascalonicum L.) in Karanganyar Regency
Authors: Setyowati  , Rahayu E S , Irianto H , Sutrisno J
Published: November 2021

The research aimed to analyze the marketing efficiency of shallot in Karanganyar Regency, Central Java. The study used the snowball sampling method, which consisted of farmers, collectors, traders, and consumers. Samples in this research are 120 shallot farmers with questionnaires. The data analysis consists of descriptive marketing funnel analysis, marketing margin analysis using the cost, profit, and marketing margin formula calculations, marketing efficiency analysis economically using marketing margin percentage, and farmer’s share. The results indicate that there are four marketing funnels for shallot: (1) Farmers - market traders - retailers - consumers (2) Farmers - collectors - market traders - retailers - consumers (3) Farmers - collectors - market traders outside the city - consumers outside the city (4) Farmers - collectors outside the city - consumers outside the city. Based on the farmer’s share value results, the most efficient in this study was marketing funnel four. It has the highest farmer share value of 88,83% and occurs when shallot farmers sell products directly to final consumers. Farmers are better off offering shallots ready to be sold to the final consumer, so the price offered can be high.
A better understanding of gender mainstreaming in environmental policies
Authors: Putri I S , Nurhaeni I D A , Suharto D G
Published: November 2021

Public policies are made to solve public problems. A problem can be said to be a public problem if reality and expectations are different. Women and men have the opportunity to participate in gender equitable development. One of the key components for the successful implementation of gender mainstreaming is the formulation of gender-responsive policies, namely policies that are able to respond to differences in experiences, aspirations and needs between women and men. This article discusses the importance of gender mainstreaming policies and innovations carried out by the Secretary General as a driver institution for gender mainstreaming, realizing gender equality and justice within the Ministry of Environment and Forestry (MoEF). It is a descriptive qualitative research with respondents from Policy Makers in the Secretary General of MoEF with purposive sampling. The data were collected through questionnaires, focus group discussion. Data were analyzed using a systematic literature review (SLR) model. A gender policy through the Regulation of the MoEF, the innovations carried out by driver institution. Conclusion of this article is gender mainstreaming policies are important for incorporated into the MoEF’s environmental and forestry policies.
Historical study of peat protection policy to prevent forest and land fires in Indonesia (1990-2020)
Authors: Zulkifli A , Ariyanto A , Dulhakim T
Published: November 2021

This study aims to analyze Indonesia’s peat ecosystem protection policy in handling forest and land fires (karhutla). The qualitative research method employs a historical approach relating to the policies of the Republic of Indonesia’s government, including general policies and implementation policies. The limitation of the research is for three decades, namely 1990-2020. The primary data was collected through interviews, and the secondary data was collected through library research techniques and online data retrieval. The study’s findings show that, although forest and land fires have been occurring for a long time, specific protection regulations only began in the early 1990s. Following that, there was a shift in policy orientation from utilization to sustainable development. Indicators of achievement of policy implementation are seen through the area of burned land and the number of fire hotspots. It decreased in the last half-decade or post-karhutla in 2015 after going through policy corrections and actions, which changed the working paradigm of forest and land fire control from extinguishing prevention.
The model of eco-friendly packaging center to increase the competitiveness of MSMEs’ local products
Authors: Suherlan Y , Widiyanti E
Published: November 2021

Packaging problem is still a weak point for Micro Small Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). This is due to the lack of understanding of MSME about the importance of image, quality, and packaging appearance. This research is a solution to increase the competitiveness of local MSME products in the global market with a focus on the study to identify the internal and external factors that affect eco-friendly packaging for MSMEs, formulate a strategy to develop a packaging center, and create a model for environmentally friendly packaging development center for processed food MSME products. The Model of Eco-Friendly Packaging Center is an effort to increase the competitiveness of local MSMEs that provide services as an information center for packaging activities, a packaging material procurement center, an eco-friendly product packaging service center, a graphic design mediator and packaging form design, and branding.
Eco-Sufism concept in Syair Nasihat as an alternative to Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) policy in the environmental sector
Authors: Wirajaya A Y , Sudardi B , Istadiyantha  , Warto
Published: November 2021

This report examined the dimensions of Sufism related to sustainable environmental conservation efforts contained in the Syair Nasihat (SN) text. SN is an ancient manuscript about the teachings of eco-Sufism that is written in Arabic and Malay. The eco-Sufism teachings in SN text are more concerned with natural processes in seeking the safety of themselves and their environment. The efforts are carried out through a process of self-dynamics that is more integrative, namely humanistic-theocentric. The process of shifting the dynamics was originally self-centered, then slowly and gradually shifted to the community, namely togetherness divinely, humanity, and nature. It means that all human behavior must always be directed solely to gain the pleasure of God and also oriented to provide safety and welfare for the universe, including humans and the environment. This is a representation of the concept of leader on earth and a real form of amaliah regarding the elaboration of the concept of greeting or spreading safety and welfare for the universe. Thus, the concept of eco-Sufism contained in the SN text is expected to be duplicated and applied in other places so that it can support the policy of SDGs in the environmental field.
Eco-friendly packaging design made from teak leaf as the outer packaging layer for brownies
Authors: Munib J A , Riyanto B , Widodo A S , Wulandari E , Suharto M , Gilang L
Published: November 2021

This study aimed to seeks a packaging design concept using environmentally friendly material. There are lots of dried teak leaves that pollute the yard. Without proper management, these leaves become garbage or rot and pollute the environment. This research applied qualitative descriptive method which is supported by quantitative analysis to determine the effectiveness of the environmentally friendly packaging design and market interest strategy for brownies. The creative design of environmentally friendly packaging from teak leaves was created to cover plain cardboard. The goal is to avoid the use of chemicals, namely kerosene, thinner, or printing ink. Instead of printing the cardboard, it is coated with dried teak leaves. This practice is environmentally friendly has aesthetic values. It is expected to attract potential consumers who care for the environmental preservation.
Soil fertility status in tidal land of Tirtomarto reservoir, Central Java, Indonesia
Authors: Muntiani A A , Suntoro  , Sunarto
Published: November 2021

Reservoir tidal land used for agriculture is generally done when the reservoir water level begins to shrink. This land is used as a moor in dryland or lowland rice fields in the wetland. The purpose of the study was to determine the soil fertility status of the tidal land of the Tirtomarto reservoir, Central Java. Parameters tested include cation exchange capacity (CEC); base saturation (BS); C-Organic; total soil P and K levels according to the technical instructions for evaluating soil fertility. Soil samples were taken from three location points by the purposive sampling method. The results showed that most of the soil samples contained low to very low nutrients, except for the total P content which had a high value. Therefore, the fertility status in the tidal land of the Tirtomarto reservoir, Central Java, can be categorized as low. The low fertility status of the soil at the study site was due to the limiting factors, namely the low C-organic content of the soil, low K total soil, and low cation exchange capacity and base saturation.
Utilizing the wood waste for eco-friendly mixed-media artwork
Authors: Munib J A
Published: November 2021

Wood waste can be found easily around us. It is usually used as household fuel resulting burning smoke that pollutes the air and reduces oxygen intake, later it would have a contribution to climate change. As alternative, to reduce air pollution due to wood waste combustion, it can be use as part of media artwork. This study used action research to create mixed-media artwork by utilizing the wood waste to reduce wood waste from industry. The results of this study are expected to help maintain eco-friendly industry and reduce the impact of climate change.
Trends in governance research and the gender perspective for reducing deforestation: A bibliometric analysis
Authors: Nurdin A , Nurhaeni I D A , Suharto D G
Published: November 2021

Governance with a gender perspective is very crucial in reducing deforestation. The existing policy is insufficient for addressing increasingly complex issues in forestry. To promote studies on Deforestation in relation to Gender and Governance (DGG), it is important to have comprehensive review that has the ability to provide an overview of the current research and identify future research. This article is a bibliometric analysis using VOS viewer application to identify and explore DGG research with data sources from Scopus. A total of 467 publications from 1995 to 2021 were obtained for analysis. The findings showed that there had been an increase in DGG research, and about 84 countries were involved in this study. There shifts in themes and diversity themes in research in each country, indicating that DGG research has changed with the scale of research that is developing gradually. Deforestation, gender and governance issues have captured the attention of world leaders especially since the SDGs were established in 2015, so it can be concluded that DGG research has high potential to be developed in the future. We suggest DGG research by conducting an in-depth literature review, for example by using a gender analysis tool.
Combined supplementation of betaine and vitamin C improves the performance of quails raised in the tropics with reduced floor space
Authors: Ratriyanto A , Prastowo S
Published: November 2021

This study investigated how combined betaine and vitamin C supplementation affects quails’ productive performance in reduced floor space. In total, 256 laying quails aged 23 weeks (154.6±5.0 g) were arranged in a completely randomized design of factorial 2×2 with four replicates. The birds were allocated to 16 cages with two floor spaces consisting of 250 cm2, 222 cm2. They were fed a diet without (Control) or with supplementation of 0.12% betaine in combination with 250 mg/kg vitamin C (BV). The collected data were analyzed by analysis of variance and continued to Duncan’s test. Interactions occurred in egg production and egg mass. The lower floor space without BV supplementation decreased egg production, but lower floor space with BV supplementation enhanced egg production (p<0.05). Supplementing BV enhanced egg mass in each floor space (p<0.05). Reducing floor space did not influence feed intake (FI), egg weight (EW), protein efficiency ratio (PER), and energy efficiency ratio (EER). BV enhances FI, egg production (EP), EW, PER, and EER and reduces the feed conversion (FCR; p<0.01). Thus, combined supplementation of betaine and vitamin C improves quails’ performance in the tropics raised with reduced floor space.
Instagrammable tourism: local government policies in sustainable environmental management
Authors: Utari P , Widiyanti E , Cahyadin M
Published: November 2021

Tourism development using social media or policy-makers favor Instagrammable Tourism due to its assumed effects on destination image, social and infrastructure developments, and economic benefits. However, the dynamics of making a tourism destination instagrammable sometimes bring up conditions that ignore the aspects of sustainable environmental management. Tourism business actors who process natural lands into artificial instagrammable tourist attractions and consumer behavior that damages the aesthetic value of tourist destinations are few operational examples of outcomes caused by local policies related to instagrammable tourism. This paper aims to present the description and implementation of local government policies in instagrammable tourism management from two different areas of Kaliurang in Sleman regency and Tawangmangu in Karanganyar Regency. Data in local tourism development policy, spatial plans, and land use in tourist destinations were analyzed using descriptive qualitative, descriptive statistics, and policy analysis methods. The analysis results show that the two tourist areas have been regulated and managed based on local regulations. The local regulation interpretations can be seen in the different directions of the two tourism area developments. The different emphasis on the orientations of tourism area managements bear implications on implementing a sustainable environmental management concept.
Investment policy and environmental conservation: a systematic literature review on the form of investment policy and stakeholders role
Authors: Suharto D G , Tando C E
Published: November 2021

This research aims to analyze the forms of investment policy that can disrupt environmental conservation and stakeholder role in maintaining environmental conservation. The research method used was a systematic literature review with the following procedures: using keywords in the database to find relevant journal articles, eliminating journals irrelevant with some criteria, and analyzing the findings of journals selected. The research results show that investment policy damaging the environmental conservation is dominated by investment in the energy sector. In addition to the energy sector, another investment policy that can disrupt environmental conservation is investing in the tourism sector; micro-, small-, and medium-scale enterprise (MSME); infrastructure; and plantation sectors. The role of stakeholders participating in environmental conservation efforts due to investment policy builds on local government, central government, and non-government organizations.
Effect of lignocellulolytic microorganisms isolated from the peel of cassava, rice straw, and sawdust for the composting process of rice straw
Authors: Cahyani V R , Rahayu  , Hadiwiyono  , Purwanto E , Sakya A T , Azzahra N Y , Lakshitarsari K P
Published: November 2021

The composting process will take a long time if only rely on indigenous decomposing microorganisms. This study explored the source of the isolates as bioactivator of composting. The purpose of the present study was to isolate lignocellulolytic microorganisms from the peel of cassava, rice straw (RS), and sawdust and to investigate the effect of the lignocellulolytic microorganisms for the composting process of RS. The research was conducted by two steps. The first step was isolation of bacteria and fungi from the peel of cassava, RS, and sawdust by using CMC, Lignolytic selection, and Omeliansky media, and isolation general bacteria and Actinobacteria from the one-week-old RS compost by using media of NA and SCA. The second step was application of the mixed isolates obtained from the first step as bioactivator for the composting of RS. As the control treatment, the other composting of RS was also set up with no addition of bioactivator. After 60 days composting, the results showed that RS compost product from the composting using bioactivator indicated higher quality with C/N ratio, total N, P2O5, and K2O namely 15.2, 1.44%, 1.40%, and 1.86% comparing with control that were 23.2, 1.12%, 1.19%, and 1.63%, respectively.