bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of ZnO; ZrO2 y B2O 3. Part II. Phase separation and clinker phase distribution
Authors: García-Díaz I. , Puertas F. , Gazulla M. F. , Gómez M. P. , Palacios M.
Published: May 2009

This study is a continuation of previous research which established the effect of the oxides ZnO, ZrO2 and B2O3, both separately and jointly, on clinkerization processes, as well as on clinker phase composition and morphology. A knowledge of the distribution of these elements in mineral phases is requisite to understanding which phases they affect and how. The present study aimed, then, to develop a suitable methodology for the selective separation of clinker phases and to ascertain how ZnO, ZrO2 and B2O3 are distributed in these phases when added to the raw mix in proportions of up to 2%. The optimal conditions for separating clinker phases with selective solutions (KOH-sucrose and CH3OHsalicylic acid) were established. These selective treatments proved to be insufficient in and of themselves to determine the distribution of ZnO and ZrO2 in the clinker phases. Consequently, the original clinkers had to be analyzed with SEM/BSE/EDX techniques to complete the study. The findings showed that ZnO and ZrO2 were fixed primarily in the C3A and C4AF present in the clinker, while B2O3 was taken up by the silicate phases.
Availability of E-commerce Support for SMEs in Developing Countries
Authors: Kapurubandara Mahesha , Lawson Robyn
Published: May 2009

Although research indicates e-commerce offers viable and practical solutions for organizations to meet challenges of a predominantly changing environment, the few available studies related to SMEs in developing countries reveal a delay or failure of SMEs in adopting ICT and e-commerce technologies. The various factors identified as causes for the reticence can be broadly classified as Internal Barriers and External Barriers. This paper presents a model for barriers to adoption of ICT and e-commerce based on the results of an exploratory pilot study, survey and interviews of SME intermediary organization. It identifies support for SMEs in Sri Lanka with regard to ICT and e-commerce. It also determines a strong need for necessary support and discusses the availability of the support.Keywords: e-commerce, SME, adoption, developing countries, barriers, support.doi: 10.4038/icter.v1i1.447The International Journal on Advances in ICT for Emerging Regions 2008 01 (01) : 3 - 11
Adaptive Structural Optimisation of Neural Networks
Authors: Suraweera NP , Ranasinghe DN
Published: May 2009

Structural design of an artificial neural network (ANN) is a very important phase in the construction of such a network. The selection of the optimal number of hidden layers and hidden nodes has a significant impact on the performance of a neural network, though typically decided in an adhoc manner. In this paper, the structure of a neural network is adaptively optimised by determine the number of hidden layers and hidden nodes that give the optimal performance in a given problem domain. Two optimisation approaches have been developed based on the Particle Swarm Optimisation (PSO) algorithm, which is an evolutionary algorithm which uses a cooperative approach. These approaches have been applied on two well known case studies in the classification domain, namely the Iris data classification and the Ionosphere data classification. The obtained results and comparisons done with past research work has clearly shown that this method of optimisation is by far, the best approach for adaptive structural optimisation of ANNs.Keywords: neural networks, particle swarm optimization, weight adjestment, hidden layer adjustment.doi: 10.4038/icter.v1i1.450The International Journal on Advances in ICT for Emerging Regions 2008 01 (01) : 33 - 41
School‐based integrated and segregated interventions to reduce aggression
Authors: Shechtman Zipora , Ifargan Miriam
Published: May 2009

The goal of the study was to assess two types of school‐based interventions—a class intervention (integrated) and a small group counseling (segregated) intervention for highly aggressive children—and to determine which is more efficacious in reducing individual and classroom aggression, lessening internalizing and externalizing behavior, and increasing positive classroom relationships. The study, conducted in Israel, included 904 children from 13 schools. In each school, one age level was selected and divided randomly into three experimental conditions: psychoeducational class intervention, small group counseling, and control. In all classrooms, the highly aggressive children were identified a priori (n=166). Analyses were conducted separately for the aggressive children and their nonaggressive classmates, in a nested procedure (mixed models). Results showed similar positive outcomes on all variables in both treatment groups, and higher compared with the control group. The discussion focuses on the strengths of each type of intervention. Aggr. Behav. 35:342–356, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Metal‐Free, Regioselective Triazole Ligations that Deliver Locked cis Peptide Mimetics
Authors: Ahsanullah  , Schmieder Peter , Kühne Ronald , Rademann Jörg
Published: May 2009

Metal‐free triazole turns: 1,5‐Disubstituted peptidyl triazoles are obtained regioselectively from the 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition of peptidyl phosphoranes and azides. Peptide turns are thus formed that contain a conformationally locked cis peptide bond. Being regioselective and free of heavy metals, this reaction may find broad application in chemical biology and medicinal chemistry.

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A Gold‐Immobilized Microchannel Flow Reactor for Oxidation of Alcohols with Molecular Oxygen
Authors: Wang Naiwei , Matsumoto Tsutomu , Ueno Masaharu , Miyamura Hiroyuki , Kobayashi Shū
Published: May 2009

Golden capillaries: A gold‐immobilized capillary column reactor allows oxidation of alcohols to carbonyl compounds using molecular oxygen. These capillary columns (see picture) can be used for at least four days without loss of activity.

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Synthesis of Allenylidene Lithium and Silver Complexes, and Subsequent Transmetalation Reactions
Authors: Asay Matt , Donnadieu Bruno , Schoeller Wolfgang W. , Bertrand Guy
Published: May 2009

Alpha, beta, gamma! Amino substituents in alpha and beta positions allow the isolation of free carbenes, but even in the gamma position, their strong π‐electron‐donating properties permit the synthesis of allenylidene lithium adducts and silver complexes (see picture), which are ideal precursors for the preparation of various transition‐metal–allenylidene complexes.

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1,n‐Glycols as Dialdehyde Equivalents in Iridium‐Catalyzed Enantioselective Carbonyl Allylation and Iterative Two‐Directional Assembly of 1,3‐Polyols
Authors: Lu Yu , Kim In Su , Hassan Abbas , Del Valle David J. , Krische Michael J.
Published: May 2009

Unstable? We're able! 1,n‐Glycols serve as synthetic equivalents to unstable dialdehydes in two‐directional carbonyl allylation from the alcohol oxidation level under iridium‐catalyzed transfer hydrogenation conditions. Iterative asymmetric allylation employing 1,3‐propanediol enables the rapid assembly of protected 1,3‐polyol substructures with exceptional levels of stereocontrol.

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NOx emissions of an opposed wall‐fired pulverized coal utility boiler
Authors: Gao Xiaotao , Zhang Mingyao
Published: May 2009

The present paper was addressed to the effects of operational variables and coal properties on NOx emission level of a 600‐MW opposed wall‐fired pulverized coal utility boiler. The in situ experiments were performed to study the effects of operational variables on boiler performance by changing individual variables while the other variables were held nearly constant on the basis of the nominal load operation. It was found that the oxygen level was a significant parameter to affect the NOx emission. The impacts of coal properties on NOx emission indicated that NOx emission level decreased with the increase of the ratio of the nitrogen content to low heating value because the volatile matter content in coal significantly influenced the in‐flame NOx formation. Coal volatile content was the dominant parameter to affect fuel NOx formation through affecting the reducing condition in the inner near‐burner zone when the low NOx burners were applied in the boiler. Copyright © 2009 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Kinetics of heavy metal vaporization from coal in a fluidized bed by an inverse model
Authors: Liu Jing , Liu Xuefeng , Gauthier D. , Abanades S. , Flamant G. , Qiu Jianrong , Zheng Chuguang
Published: May 2009

This study addresses the kinetics of heavy metal vaporization during fluidized bed thermal treatment of coal. Both direct and inverse models were developed in transient conditions. The direct model predicts the time course of the metal concentration in the gas from the vaporization rate profile. The inverse model was developed and validated to predict the metal's vaporization rate from its concentration in the outlet gas. A method to derive the kinetic law of heavy metal vaporization during fluidized bed thermal treatment of coal from the global model and the experimental measurements is derived and illustrated. A first‐order law was fitted for the mineral matrix and a second‐order law was fitted for coal. This method can be applied to any matrix, whether it is mineral matrix or organic matrix. Copyright © 2009 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Degradation of tetracycline in aqueous medium by electrochemical method
Authors: Zhang Hui , Liu Fang , Wu Xiaogang , Zhang Jianhua , Zhang Daobin
Published: May 2009

The degradation of tetracycline by anode oxidation with Ti/RuO2–IrO2 electrode was carried out in an electrochemical cell. The effect of operating conditions such as electrical current density, initial pH, antibiotic concentration, electrolyte concentration and hydroxyl radical scavenger on the oxidation of tetracycline was investigated. The results showed that the degradation of tetracycline followed apparent pseudo‐first‐order kinetics. The rate constant increased linearly with the current density, but the oxidation curves displayed the same dependence on the amount of the specific charge passed. The degradation rate decreased with the initial antibiotic concentration. Either initial pH or electrolyte concentration had little effect on the electrochemical oxidation of tetracycline. The presence of tert‐butanol did not hinder the degradation rate, indicating the radical contribution to the oxidation of tetracycline could be neglected. Copyright © 2009 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Gas–liquid mass transfer in three‐phase inverse fluidized bed reactor with Newtonian and non‐Newtonian fluids
Authors: Sivasubramanian V.
Published: May 2009

Liquid‐phase volumetric mass transfer coefficients, kLa were determined in three‐phase inverse fluidized beds of low‐density polyethylene (LDPE) and polypropylene (PP) spheres fluidized by a countercurrent flow of air and Newtonian (water and glycerol solutions) or non‐Newtonian liquids [carboxy methyl cellulose (CMC) solutions]. The effects of liquid and gas velocities, particle size, solid loading and addition of organic additives (glycerol and CMC) on the volumetric mass transfer coefficient, kLa were determined. The superficial liquid velocity had a weak effect on the mass transfer whereas the gas flow rate affected the mass transfer positively. kLa increased with increase in particle diameter and decreased with increase in initial bed height (solid loading). kLa decreased as the concentration of glycerol (viscosity) and CMC increased. Empirical correlations are presented to predict the gas–liquid volumetric mass transfer coefficient in terms of operating variables. Copyright © 2009 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Study of liquid droplets impact on dry inclined surface
Authors: Cui Jie , Chen Xueli , Wang Fuchen , Gong Xin , Yu Zunhong
Published: May 2009

The impact of droplets on the surface is a common phenomenon. The outcome of a droplet impacting on a solid surface depends on the properties of the liquid, the surface conditions and the kinematics parameters, i.e. velocity and momentum. During the impact process, the phenomenons, such as spread, rebound, often appear. This paper presents the results of an experimental investigation of droplets impacting on inclined solid surface at low velocity. The effects of the impact parameters on the droplet impingement are studied. Measures were performed using a high‐speed camera. It has been shown that the impacting droplets spread on the surface until liquid surface tension and viscosity overcame inertial forces, after which they recoiled off the surface. The maximum diameter of a droplet spread was measured. In addition, a further forecasting expression has been obtained through energy model when a droplet impacts on an inclined surface without splashing. It is found that it is in good agreement with experimental value and can well predict the maximum spread diameter. Copyright © 2009 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Developmental Expression Profile of the CXCL12γ Isoform: Insights Into its Tissue‐Specific Role
Authors: Franco Diego , Rueda Patricia , Lendínez Elena , Arenzana‐Seisdedos Fernando , Caruz Antonio
Published: May 2009

The CXCL12γ chemokine arises by alternative splicing from Cxcl12, an highly conserved gene that plays pivotal, non‐redundant roles during development. The interaction of the highly cationic carboxy‐terminal (C‐ter) domain of CXCL12γ with glycosaminoglycans (GAG) critically determines the biological properties of this chemokine. Indeed, CXCL12γ isoform displays sustained in vivo recruitment of leukocytes and endothelial progenitor cells as compared to other CXCL12 isoforms. Despite the important, specific roles of CXCL12γ in vivo, the current knowledge about its distribution in embryo and adult tissues is scarce. In this study, we have characterized by both RT‐PCR and immunohistochemistry the expression profile and tissue distribution of CXCL12γ, which showed a distinct mRNA expression pattern during organogenesis that correlates with the specific expression of the CXCL12 γ protein in several tissues and cell types during development. Our results support the biological relevance of CXCL12 γ in vivo, and shed light on the specific roles that this novel isoform could play in muscle development and vascularization as well as on the regulation of essential homeostatic functions during the embryonic development. Anat Rec, 292:891–901, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The Tendinous Patterns in the Palmar Surface of the Lizard Manus: Functional Consequences for Grasping Ability
Authors: Abdala Virginia , Manzano Adriana S. , Tulli Maria Jose , Herrel Anthony
Published: May 2009

In lizards, distinct patterns of the tendinous structures associated with the forearm flexors have been described. In most lizards, the m. flexor digitorum longus ends in a tendinous plate with an embedded sesamoid, from which tendons run to the terminal phalanx of each digit. This structure is known as the flexor plate. In many polychrotid lizards, however, the flexor digitorum longus muscle is continuous with individual tendons running to each digit, and no complete flexor plate is present. In most geckos, the flexor plate is reduced to a tendinous plate without sesamoid. To evaluate the consequences of these differences in morphology on locomotion and grasping, we compared the use of the fore‐arm and hand in lizards exhibiting three different tendon patterns (Pogona vitticeps, an agamid with a well‐developed flexor plate; Gekko gecko, a gekkonid with a flexor plate, but without an embedded sesamoid; Anolis equestris, a polychrotid without flexor plate, but showing independent tendons running to each digit) while moving on different substrates. We found that the presence of a flexor plate with sesamoid bone prevents digital flexion and creates a rather stiff palmar surface in P. vitticeps. This configuration makes it impossible for P. vitticeps to grasp narrow branches and results in a strongly impaired locomotor performance on narrow substrates. Both G. gecko and A. equestris can flex the palms of their hands and their fingers more extensively, and do so when moving on narrow substrates. We suggest that the reduction of the flexor plate in both G. gecko and A. equestris allows these animals to move effectively on narrow substrates. Anat Rec, 292:842–853, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cells need safety valves
Authors: Danchin Antoine
Published: May 2009

In Escherichia coli, the role of lacA, the third gene of the lactose operon, has remained an enigma. I suggest that its role is the consequence of the need for cells to have safety valves that protect them from the osmotic effect created by their permeases. Safety valves allow them to cope with the buildup of osmotic pressure under accidental transient conditions. Multidrug resistance (MDR) efflux, thus named because of our anthropocentrism, is ubiquitous. Yet, the formation of simple leaks would result in futile influx/efflux cycles. Versatile modification enzymes with low sensitivity solve the problem if the modified metabolite is the one exported by MDR permeases. This may account for the pervasive presence of acetyltransferases, such as LacA, associated to acetyl‐metabolite exporters. This scenario of constraints imposed by efficient influx of metabolites provides us with a model that should be followed when constructing synthetic cells.
G protein signaling controls the differentiation of multiple cell lineages
Authors: Wang Kepeng , Wong Yung H.
Published: May 2009

G protein‐coupled receptors (GPCRs) detect a great diversity of extracellular stimuli ranging from hormonal peptides, chemokines, neurotransmitters, lipids, nucleotides, amino acids, biogenic amines to ions. G protein‐coupled pathways regulate a rich collection of biological processes involved in normal physiological function of the body as well as in pathological progression of diseases. In addition to their function in postmitotic steady‐state tissues, GPCRs have been implicated in the differentiation of stem cells and tissue specific progenitor cells during development. Examples of these include the functions of nucleotides and neuropeptides in neuronal differentiation and axon growth, chemokines in lymphocyte differentiation and activation, and other GPCR‐mediated processes in the differentiation of adipocytes, osteoblasts and smooth muscle cells. This review summarizes the recent advances in our understanding of the importance of GPCR‐linked signaling cascades in the differentiation of different cell lineages. © 2009 International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
The use of contextual learning to teach biochemistry to dietetic students
Authors: Macaulay J. O. , Van Damme M.‐P. , Walker K. Z.
Published: May 2009

This article describes the use of contextualized and “blended” learning to teach biochemistry to dietetic students during the second year of their professional training in a 4‐year undergraduate degree (Bachelor of Nutrition and Dietetics). Contextualized content was used to engage students and motivate them to learn biochemistry, which many perceived as a “hard” subject. Contextualized learning presented via problem solving exercises, case‐studies, and by the use of virtual subjects in laboratory class introduced content material through real life situations highly relevant to their later clinical practice. A “blended” curriculum where content was presented in a number of different modalities (on‐line, on CD, or face‐to‐face in small/large groups and in tutorials/lectures/laboratory class) further enhanced contextualized learning by providing a range of learning modalities catering to different student learning styles. The on‐line and CD material also allowed student self‐assessment of learning progress through interactive quizzes in varied assessment formats, where feedback was often immediate. Student responses to this biochemistry course have been positive with 89% finding it intellectually stimulating.
Reciprocity within biochemistry and biology service‐learning
Authors: Santas Amy J.
Published: May 2009

Service‐learning has become a popular pedagogy because of its numerous and far‐reaching benefits (e.g. student interest, engagement, and retention). In part, the benefits are a result of the student learning while providing a service that reflects a true need—not simply an exercise. Although service‐learning projects have been developed in the areas of Biochemistry and Biology, many do not require reciprocity between the student and those being served. A reciprocal relationship enables a depth in learning as students synthesize and integrate their knowledge while confronting a real‐life need. A novel reciprocal service‐learning project within a three‐semester undergraduate research course in the areas of Biochemistry and Biology is presented. The goal of the project was agreed upon through joint meetings with the partner institution (The Wilds) to develop an in‐house competitive ELISA pregnane diol assay. Student progress and achievements were followed through the use of rubrics and progress‐meetings with The Wilds. A portfolio provided a visual of progress as it contained both the written assignments as well as the rubric. The article describes a specific reciprocal biochemistry and biology service‐learning project and provides recommendations on how to adapt this service‐learning design for use in other research courses.
Controlled Self‐Assembly—Synthetic Tunability and Covalent Capture of Nanoscale Gel Morphologies
Authors: Coates Ian A. , Smith David K.
Published: May 2009

Tuning structures: We report a synthetically simple yet structurally rich gelator that self‐assembles through hydrogen bonding under different cooling regimes into different nanoscale morphologies (see figure), which can be covalently captured and stabilised by alkene metathesis.

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ChemInform Abstract: Solution‐Phase Synthesis of Single‐Crystalline Fe3O4 Magnetic Nanobelts.
Authors: Li Lili , Chu Ying , Liu Yang , Wang Dan
Published: May 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Crystal Structural Characterization of a New Lead Oxide Chromate Phosphate: Pb5O(CrO4)(PO4)2.
Authors: Mao Shao‐Yu , Mao Yan‐Ping , Zhong Mei‐Ping , Ye Zuo‐Guang
Published: May 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A Series of Pure Inorganic Eight‐Connected Self‐Catenated Network Based on Silverton‐Type Polyoxometalate.
Authors: Tan Huaqiao , Chen Weilin , Li Yang‐Guang , Liu Ding , Chen Limin , Wang Enbo
Published: May 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: One Step Synthesis of Maghemite Nanoparticles by Direct Thermal Decomposition of Fe—Urea Complex and Their Properties.
Authors: Asuha S. , Zhao S. , Wu H. Y. , Song L. , Tegus O.
Published: May 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Syntheses, Crystal Structures and Spectroscopic Properties of Ag2Nb[P2S6][S2] and KAg2[PS4].
Authors: Wu Yuandong , Bensch Wolfgang
Published: May 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Fluorophore Tagged Cross‐Coupling Catalysts.
Authors: Sashuk Volodymyr , Schoeps Dirk , Plenio Herbert
Published: May 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A Facile Deprotection of Secondary Acetamides.
Authors: Koening Stefan G. , Vandenbossche Charles P. , Zhao Hang , Mousaw Patrick , Singh Surendra P. , Bakale Roger P.
Published: May 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Raney Ni—Al Alloy‐Mediated Reduction of Alkylated Phenols in Water.
Authors: Tan Song‐Liang , Liu Guo‐Bin , Gao Xiang , Thiemann Thies
Published: May 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Ni‐Catalyzed [3 + 2 + 2] Cycloaddition of Ethyl Cyclopropylideneacetate and 1,3‐Diynes. Application to the Three‐Component Cycloaddition.
Authors: Yamasaki Ryu , Sotome Ikuo , Komagawa Shunsuke , Azumaya Isao , Masu Hyuma , Saito Shinichi
Published: May 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Cycloaddition of 6‐Hydroxy‐2,6‐dimethylcyclohexa‐2,4‐dienone: A Stereoselective Entry into Functionalized Bicyclo[2.2.2]octanes and a Novel 1,2‐Migration of Methyl Group.
Authors: Singh Vishwakarma , Chandra Girish , Mobin Shaikh M.
Published: May 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Reduction of Ketimines with Trichlorosilane Employing an Imidazole Derived Organocatalyst.
Authors: Gautier Francois‐Moana , Jones Simon , Martin Stephen J.
Published: May 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Polymer‐Immobilized Catalyst for Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Racemic α‐(N‐Benzoyl‐N‐methylamino)propiophenone.
Authors: Chiwara Vinia Ipai , Haraguchi Naoki , Itsuno Shinichi
Published: May 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Direct B‐Alkyl Suzuki—Miyaura Cross‐Coupling of Trialkylboranes with Aryl Bromides in the Presence of Unmasked Acidic or Basic Functions and Base‐Labile Protections under Mild Non‐Aqueous Conditions.
Authors: Wang Bing , Sun Hui‐Xia , Sun Zhi‐Hua , Lin Guo‐Qiang
Published: May 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Functionalized Diaryl Alkanes from Azines.
Authors: Manih Rudolf M. , Myrboh Bekington
Published: May 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Decarboxylative Coupling of Alkynyl Carboxylic Acids and Aryl Halides.
Authors: Moon Jeongju , Jang Mihee , Lee Sunwoo
Published: May 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Electrocatalytic Multicomponent Assembling of Isatins, 3‐Methyl‐2‐pyrazolin‐5‐ones and Malononitrile: Facile and Convenient Way to Functionalized Spirocyclic [Indole‐3,4′‐pyrano[2,3‐c]pyrazole] System.
Authors: Elinson Michail N. , Dorofeev Alexander S. , Miloserdov Fedor M. , Nikishin Gennady I.
Published: May 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Efficient Catalytic Routes to Spiroketal Motifs.
Authors: Selvaratnam Selvasothi , Ho Joanne H. H. , Huleatt Paul B. , Messerle Barbara A. , Chai Christina L. L.
Published: May 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Tungstate‐Catalyzed Oxidation of Triptans with Hydrogen Peroxide: A Novel Method for the Synthesis of N,N‐Dimethyltryptamine N‐Oxides.
Authors: Ray Purna Chandra , Mittapelli Vasantha , Chauhan Yogendra Kumar , Konudula Babu Rao , Tyagi Om Dutt
Published: May 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Tandem β‐Enamino Ester Formation and Cyclization with o‐Alkynyl Anilines Catalyzed by InBr3: Efficient Synthesis of β‐(N‐Indolyl)‐α,β‐unsaturated Esters.
Authors: Murai Kenichi , Hayashi Shoko , Takaichi Nobuhiro , Kita Yasuyuki , Fujioka Hiromichi
Published: May 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A Facile and General Method for the Synthesis of 6,12‐Diaryl‐5,11‐dihydroindolo[3,2‐b]carbazoles.
Authors: Gu Rong , Snick Sven Van , Robeyns Koen , Van Meervelt Luc , Dehaen Wim
Published: May 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of α‐Chloroaldoxime O‐Methanesulfonates and Their Use in the Synthesis of Functionalized Benzimidazoles.
Authors: Yamamoto Yuhei , Mizuno Hiroo , Tsuritani Takayuki , Mase Toshiaki
Published: May 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Method for the Synthesis of 5‐Bromo(aryl)methylene‐substituted Hydantoins
Authors: Antipin R. L. , Beloglazkina E. K. , Magouga A. G. , Chernysheva A. N. , Zyk N. V.
Published: May 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Organocatalyzed Friedel—Crafts‐Type Reaction of 2‐Naphthol with β,γ‐Unsaturated α‐Keto Ester to Form Novel Optically Active Naphthopyran Derivatives (III).
Authors: Wang Xiao‐Sheng , Zheng Chang‐Wu , Zhao Sheng‐Li , Chai Zhuo , Zhao Gang , Yang Gao‐Sheng
Published: May 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Suzuki—Miyaura Coupling of Pyridyl‐2‐boronic Esters with Aryl Halides Using Highly Active and Air‐Stable Phosphine Chloride and Oxide Ligands.
Authors: Yang David X. , Colletti Steven L. , Wu Kevin , Song Maoying , Li George Y. , Shen Hong C.
Published: May 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Investigations in 2,3′‐Biquinoline Series. Part 24. Synthesis of 3‐Hetarylquinolines and Their 1,4‐Dihydro Derivatives under Conditions of the Vilsmeier Reaction.
Authors: Glushenko T. P. , Goncharov V. I. , Aksenov A. V.
Published: May 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Bromination of 1,5‐Dinitro‐3‐azabicyclo[3.3.1]non‐6‐enes.
Authors: Shakhkeldyan I. V. , Atroshchenko Yu. M. , Melekhina N. K. , Yakunina I. E. , Kobrakov K. I. , Shumsky A. N.
Published: May 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: CuX2‐Mediated Halolactonization Reaction of Monoesters of 1,2‐Allenyl Phosphonic Acids and Their Suzuki Cross‐Coupling Reaction.
Authors: Yu Fei , Lian Xiongdong , Zhao Jinbo , Yu Yihua , Ma Shengming
Published: May 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Heterocyclic Methylenebisphosphonates by 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloaddition of Ethyl Diazoacetate to 1,2‐Benzoxaphosphorin‐3‐phosphonates.
Authors: Petkova Nevena I. , Nikolova Rositca D. , Bojilova Anka G. , Rodios Nestor A. , Kopf Jurgen
Published: May 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Hybrid Natural Products Derived from Solanesol as Wound Healing Agents.
Authors: Srivastava Shefali , Raj Kanwal , Khare Pratibha , Bhaduri Amiya P. , Chander Ramesh , Raghubir Ram , Mahendra K. , Rao C. V. Narsimha , Prabhu S. R.
Published: May 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Rearranged Chamigrane Sesquiterpene from Laurencia okamurai
Authors: Liang Yi , Li Xiao Ming , Cui Chuan Ming , Li Chun Shun , Wang Bin Gui
Published: May 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A [2 + 2 + 2]‐Cycloaddition Approach Toward 6‐Oxa‐allocolchicinoids with Apoptosis‐Inducing Activity.
Authors: Nicolaus Norman , Strauss Susanne , Neudoerfl Joerg‐Martin , Prokop Aram , Schmalz Hans‐Guenther
Published: May 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Aqueous Solutions and Their Interfaces
Authors: several authors several authors
Published: May 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: “Covalent Self‐Assembly” of Acyclic Diaminocarbene Ligands at Metal Centers
Authors: Slaughter LeGrande M.
Published: May 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Skeletal Reorganization of Enynes Through Electrophilic Activation of Alkynes: Double Cleavage of C—C Double and Triple Bonds
Authors: Lee Sang Ick , Chatani Naoto
Published: May 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Ring Transformations of 2H‐Pyran‐2‐ones and Fused Pyran‐2‐ones with Nucleophilic Reagents
Authors: Pozgan Franc , Kocevar Marijan
Published: May 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: The Hetero‐Diels—Alder Approach to Spiroketals
Authors: Rizzacasa Mark A. , Pollex Annett
Published: May 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Incorporating ECE‐Pincer Metal Complexes as Functional Building Blocks in Semisynthetic Metalloenzymes, Supramolecular Polypeptide Hybrids, Tamoxifen Derivatives, Biomarkers and Sensors
Authors: Wieczorek Birgit , Dijkstra Harm P. , Egmond Maarten R. , Klein Gebbink Robertus J. M. , van Koten Gerard
Published: May 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Secondary Alkyl Halides in Transition‐Metal‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling Reactions.
Authors: Rudolph Alena , Lautens Mark
Published: May 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Glycosylation Methods in Oligosaccharide Synthesis. Part 2.
Authors: Carmona Ana T. , Moreno‐Vargas Antonio J. , Robina Inmaculada
Published: May 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Thiochroman‐4‐ones: Synthesis and Reactions
Authors: Bondock S. , Metwally M. A.
Published: May 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Bioorganic Chemistry. A Natural Reunion of the Physical and Life Sciences
Authors: Poulter C. Dale
Published: May 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Clusters identification and characterization in a gas–solid fluidized bed by the wavelet analysis
Authors: Afsahi Forough‐Azam , Sotudeh‐Gharebagh Rahmat , Mostoufi Navid
Published: May 2009

The local solid flow structure of the bubbling fluidized bed of sand particles was investigated in order to identify and characterize the clusters. Extensive experiments were carried out using an optical fibre probe, measuring the velocity and the diameter of clusters. Under all operating conditions, ascending and descending clusters co‐existed at all measurement locations. The locus of the inversion point at which the directions of cluster motion changed was determined. The velocity of the ascending clusters was a function of both superficial gas velocity and the radial and axial position. With increasing superficial gas velocity, both the velocity and the diameter of ascending clusters decreased near the wall. However, the velocity of descending clusters depended mainly on superficial gas velocity and the largest clusters existed closer to the wall. The results of this study help to explain cluster hydrodynamics in fluidized beds.
Protein methylation in full length Chlamydomonas flagella
Authors: Sloboda Roger D. , Howard Louisa
Published: May 2009

Post‐translational protein modification occurs extensively in eukaryotic flagella. Here we examine protein methylation, a protein modification that has only recently been reported to occur in flagella [Schneider MJ, Ulland M, Sloboda RD.2008. Mol Biol Cell 19(10):4319–4327.]. The cobalamin (vitamin B12) independent form of the enzyme methionine synthase (MetE), which catalyzes the final step in methionine production, is localized to flagella. Here we demonstrate, using immunogold scanning electron microscopy, that MetE is bound to the outer doublets of the flagellum. Methionine can be converted to S‐adenosyl methionine, which then serves as the methyl donor for protein methylation reactions. Using antibodies that recognize symmetrically or asymmetrically methylated arginine residues, we identify three highly methylated proteins in intact flagella: two symmetrically methylated proteins of about 30 and 40 kDa, and one asymmetrically methylated protein of about 75 kDa. Several other relatively less methylated proteins could also be detected. Fractionation and immunoblot analysis shows that these proteins are components of the flagellar axoneme. Immunogold thin section electron microscopy indicates that the symmetrically methylated proteins are located in the central region of the axoneme, perhaps as components of the central pair complex and the radial spokes, while the asymmetrically methylated proteins are associated with the outer doublets. Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Internal Architecture and Adsorption Sites of Violet Lander Molecules Assembled on Native and KBr‐Passivated InSb(001) Surfaces
Authors: Godlewski Szymon , Goryl Grzegorz , Gourdon Andre , Kolodziej Jacek J. , Such Bartosz , Szymonski Marek
Published: May 2009

The adsorption of individual Violet Lander molecules self‐assembled on the c(8×2) reconstructed InSb(001) surface in its native form and on the surface passivated with one to three monolayers of KBr is investigated by means of low‐temperature scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). Preferred adsorption sites of the molecules are found on flat terraces as well as at atomic step edges. For molecules immobilized on flat terraces, several different conformations are identified from STM images acquired with submolecular resolution and are explained by the rotation of the 3,5‐di‐tert‐butylphenyl groups around σ bonds, which allows adjustment of the molecular geometry to the anisotropic substrate structure. Formation of ordered molecular chains is found at steps running along substrate reconstruction rows, whereas at the steps oriented perpendicularly no intermolecular ordering is recorded. It is also shown that the molecules deposited at two or more monolayers of the epitaxial KBr spacer do not have any stable adsorption sites recorded with STM. Prospects for the manipulation of single molecules by using the STM tip on highly anisotropic substrates are also explored, and demonstrate the feasibility of controlled lateral displacement in all directions.