bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hemangioma hepático gigante bilobular, un caso de resección hepática extrema. Reporte de caso
Authors: Tarazona-León Cristian Eduardo , Vanegas-Ballesteros Mauricio , Camelo-Pardo Gianmarco , Manrique-Hernández Edgar Fabián
Published: May 2024

Introducción. Los hemangiomas hepáticos son lesiones benignas, generalmente asintomáticas, por lo que su hallazgo es incidental. Existen diferentes tamaños y aquellos mayores de 4 centímetros se denominan hemangiomas hepáticos gigantes. Estos pueden manifestarse de forma inespecífica, con dolor abdominal, y se asocian con mayor riesgo de morbimortalidad. El tratamiento debe ser individualizado según las características propias de la lesión, la sintomatología del paciente y el riesgo de complicaciones, desde un manejo conservador hasta la intervención quirúrgica, con técnicas como la enucleación y la hepatectomía parcial o total. El objetivo de este artículo fue describir el caso de un paciente con un hemangioma hepático gigante, múltiple y bilobular, sintomático, que requirió de hepatectomía parcial extrema.
Caso clínico: Masculino de 49 años, sin antecedentes, quien consultó por un cuadro clínico de dolor abdominal. La tomografía computarizada y la resonancia magnética de abdomen mostraron la presencia de masas en los lóbulos hepáticos.
Resultado. Previa valoración multidisciplinaria, se realizó resección hepática parcial extrema, con una evolución postoperatoria y seguimiento clínico favorable.
Conclusión. Los tumores hepáticos vasculares tienen un amplio espectro de presentaciones, siendo el hemangioma hepático la manifestación más frecuente. Los hemangiomas hepáticos son generalmente asintomáticos. La resonancia magnética es el estudio de elección en esta patología. En el caso de los hemangiomas hepáticos gigantes, que son aquellos con un tamaño superior a los 4 cm, se relacionan con más complicaciones quirúrgicas, sin embargo, la valoración multidisciplinaria permite obtener resultados favorables.
THE METHOD OF DETERMINING THE OPTIMAL NUMBER OF GROUPS IN THE STUDY OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC PHENOMENA
Authors: SHIRINOV B. , SALAMOVA I.
Published: May 2024

It is common knowledge that the separation of socio-economic event units into homogeneous groups by important characteristics is called grouping in statistics. Grouping is one of the most efficient methods of statistical data processing. Grouping is the most important stage in the study of large-scale social phenomena. In the socio-economic study of statistical data and average, relative, etc. it is necessary to use grouping in the calculation of final indicators. Namely, with the help of correct and convenient grouping, the complexity of social life events can be expressed and reflected with statistical quantities. Therefore, the method of grouping together with the method of summative statistical indicators is a tool for the correct understanding of socio-economic events and processes. Grouping is a manifestation of implementing analysis and synthesis, and at this time, the following issues are resolved: 1) Determination of socio-economic types; 2) Studying the structure of socio-economic events; 3) Studying the relationship between organized groups.
In problem solving with the grouping method, the following forms of grouping are mainly used: typical, structural, analytical. By means of typical grouping, the most important statistical problem is solved: socio-economic types are determined on aggregate units, that is, separate groups qualitatively different from the aggregate are created. When grouping according to this form, the correct determination of the group sign has a special role. Based on the analysis of the content of the studied event, the basis of the grouping (that is, the main feature in the grouping) is determined. Structural groupings reflect the development of constituent parts of socio-economic events and processes or their structure according to one or another characteristic. Analytical groupings are used to study the interrelationships between phenomena and the various signs affecting them. Through such groupings, it is possible to determine the cause and effect factors influencing the development of the studied phenomenon and process. Each of the aggregate units has an individual characteristic in its development. For this reason, the absolute level of the investigated symptom is different. Those units are grouped by variation (varying) from each other according to the level of research characteristics. Such groups are called sequences of numbers. The number of units (volume) or specific weight relative to the total can be given in the series of numbers; a quality indicator that cannot be counted can also group information. According to the author, the correct determination of the optimal number of groups in the statistical study of socio-economic phenomena will give more effective results.
STRATEGIC HR MANAGEMENT AND BUILDING OF INTERNATIONAL TEAMS AS A STRATEGY FOR GLOBAL COMPETITIVENESS
Authors: RACHWAL-MUELLER A.
Published: May 2024

Strategic HR management is changing rapidly to address new challenges and issues in today's global marketplace. This paper explores the latest theories and trends in the field, provides insights into the role of cross-cultural competence in strategic HR management, and consequently the importance of aligning HR practices with overall business strategy and building of international teams. It highlights the importance of aligning HR practices with overall business strategy and building international teams. The aim is to underscore the significance of cross-cultural competence across various HR fields and to advocate for its development among HR professionals to enhance organizational performance in the global marketplace. Drawing from a breadth of scholarly work, it underscores the necessity for HR professionals and researchers to stay abreast of current trends and theories in the field. Research indicates that strategic HR management and international team-building require a deep understanding of cultural differences and the ability to manage and leverage diversity. Cross-cultural competence plays a crucial role in various HR fields, including workforce planning and talent acquisition, learning and development, employee relations, succession planning, and diversity and inclusion. The paper emphasizes the significance of cross-cultural competence in each of these areas, highlighting the need to understand cultural nuances, adapt HR practices, and promote inclusivity. By developing cross-cultural competencies, HR professionals can attract, retain, and develop talent from diverse cultural backgrounds, enhancing organizational performance in the global marketplace. A brief methodology description and literature review for further research and discussion proposal is proposed. In conclusion, the article underscores the pivotal role of cross-cultural competence in strategic HR management and advocates for continued research and exploration in this domain to enhance organizational performance and competitive advantage in the global arena.
SCIENTIFIC AND METHODOLOGICAL ENSURING THE PROCESS FORMATION OF THE EMPLOYEE COMPETENCE MODEL
Authors: VODOLAZHSKA T. , ZHEVED A.
Published: May 2024

The article outlines the expediency of application and the main problematic issues of implementing the principles of the competency approach in personnel management of current enterprises, in particular, related to the process of formation and practical use of its main tool - the model of employee competencies. A scientific survey of the significant assets of scientists and practitioners on this topic was carried out, as a result of which it was established that there is a need to finalize currently unresolved tasks regarding the clarification of the sequence and the development of scientific and methodological support and practical recommendations for the construction of such models, since the given processes are mostly abstract, difficult for practical application due to the lack of clear instructions and tools for the implementation of each stage.
The main goal of the article is to improve the process of forming the model of employee competencies by clarifying the sequence of its development, specifying actions at each stage and developing methodological tools for practical application.
The process of forming the model of employee competencies was compiled, presented in the form of a logical sequence of specific ac­tions and decisions with the use of a specially developed toolkit, based on the choice of a certain approach and involves the construction of a model of competencies for employees of diffe­rent categories with a different number of constituent elements. For example, for employees in managerial posi­tions there are 4 constituent elements; for specialists and workers in labourer’s positions - 3 constituent elements etc.
A scientific-methodical toolkit and relevant recommendations for its implementation were developed, an approbation was carried out on an example (a model of the competences of fitters in mechanical assembly works was developed). Competences of mechanical assembly fitters included in the developed model were assessed using the "360° method"; taking into account the weight factor of each competence, the general level of their competence is determined.
The results of scientific research are the basis for making recommendations for improving the level of employees’ competence.
FEATURES OF THE DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION OF THE ENTERPRISE'S TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS SYSTEM
Authors: ACHKASOVA L.
Published: May 2024

The modern industrial revolution and the concept of supply chain management have created opportunities for joint use of a complex of technologies that help create more efficient production and distribution systems. Such a system allows at any moment to collect and analyze information about changes in the environment, quickly adapt to them and create additional value in the process of managing supply chains. That is why the issue of digital transformation of transport and logistics systems is relevant.
To implement the goals of the article, the following methods were used: information on the state of research in the field of digital transformation of transport and logistics systems was analyzed and synthesized. With the help of a system and information-logical approach, the directions of influence of digital transformation on the studied system are determined. In the course of the research, analytical methods, graphic methods and the synthesis method were also widely used to build a model of the digital platform for the transport and logistics system and to form the process of creating and verifying the project of implementing digital technologies during the transformation.
The article further developed the components of the digital platform of the transport-logistics system, which, unlike the existing ones, are assembled into a system and supplemented with elements of insurance and routing.
The proposed improvements will make it possible to increase the manageability, certainty, effectiveness and control of the transport and logistics system and its components and harmonize the process of digital transformation.
The obtained results, consisting in the development of a digital platform of the enterprise's transport and logistics system and the process of creating and verifying a project for the implementation of digital technologies during the transformation, allow further research on the specification of certain aspects of the digital transformation of the enterprise's transport and logistics system.
COMPETITIVENESS OF ENTERPRISES OF THE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS SYSTEM IN THE DIGITAL ENVIRONMENT
Authors: POPOVA N. , ROSSOLOV O.
Published: May 2024

Despite the number of scientific developments related to the theory of competition and factors that affect the competitiveness of enterprises, the problem of their determination for enterprises of the transport and logistics system in the conditions of digitalization and rapid varia­bility, uncertainty of the environment, remains relevant. Based on the theoretical studies of scien­tists in various fields, including transport and logistics, which relate to the impact of digitalization on the competitiveness of enterprises, it is determined that factors that comprehensively cover the possibilities of digitalization and the influence of VUCA and BANI of the world on enterprises and consumer behavior in the digital environment require further consideration. In the article, the theoretical definition of factors affecting the competitiveness of enterprises of the transport and logistics system was further developed, which, unlike the existing ones, comprehensively take into account such components as changes in technologies, equipment, enterprise management, consu­mer behavior, and marketing activities. Among the identified factors, considerable attention is paid to innovation, both in engineering and technology, and in enterprise management and marketing activities. An important place among the factors of competitiveness of enterprises is the stakeholder approach to management and marketing, which provides an opportunity to comprehensively take into account the interests of stakeholders, among whom the main ones are consumers of transport and logistics services. Changes in their behavior in the modern world are considered. Factors related to the internal management system that affect the competitiveness of enterprises are also determined. Thanks to a comprehensive approach to determining competitiveness factors and changes occurring in the digital environment, enterprises of the transport and logistics system will be able to form their strategy and tactics in certain aspects, which will increase the level of their competitiveness. The results of the study provide an opportunity to further systematize and detail the factors that affect the competitiveness of enterprises of the transport and logistics system and affect the sustainability of the enterprise in conditions of rapid changes.
ASSESSMENT OF THE EFFICIENCY IN FUNCTIONING OF BUSINESS PROCESSES AT TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS ENTERPRISES
Authors: TOKAREV E. , PUCHKOV O. , KHOLODKOV Ye.
Published: May 2024

In order to identify the most problematic areas where delays, errors or ineffectiveness of transport and logistics activities occur and to develop measures to improve processes and improve their interaction, it is necessary to evaluate the effectiveness of business processes. The efficiency of business processes of transport and logistics enterprises depends on a comprehensive approach, risk management and constant evaluation of results. Knowing the efficiency of business processes, you can better plan working hours, allocate resources and the budget; optimization measures will help reduce costs, increase productivity and improve the quality of transport and logistics services.Nowadays, many modern methods of evaluating the effectiveness of business processes at enterprises have been developed and used, which differ in approaches to the identification and classification of business processes as a basis for evaluation, a list of criteria, and an emphasis on various aspects and stages.The article proposes a methodical approach to the assessment of business processes at a transport and logistics enterprise, which is based on determining the sequence of business processes in order to satisfy the needs of consumers. Formation of a system of indicators characterizing the resources (input) of the business process and the process and its result (output) are also important, as well as establishing the importance and effectiveness of each business process. The main difference of the approach is the ability to assess both the internal structure of business processes (by analyzing the functioning of each of its elements) and the contribution to the company's final result.The directions of further scientific research are the development of a set of measures and a system for ensuring the effectiveness and efficiency of the functioning of business processes of transport and logistics enterprises: establishing standards and procedures that will allow optimizing business processes and constantly improving them; the use of modern technologies and tools, such as process automation, logistics chain management systems, monitoring and control, which in general will allow the enterprise to achieve higher results, increase competitiveness and satisfy customer needs.
THE IMPORTANCE OF HUMAN RESOURCES IN A MULTICULTURAL ORGANIZATIONAL CONTEXT: ANALYSIS, CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVES
Authors: BOCHAROVA N. , YAROVYI I.
Published: May 2024

The contemporary business world is characterized by rapid changes, globalization, and digital transformation, demanding adaptability and an innovative approach to resource management from organizations. Among these, human resources stand out as a key asset that determines an organization’s ability to develop, compete, and achieve sustainable success. This academic paper profoundly analyzes the significance of human resources in the modern organizational context, emphasizing their strategic importance and impact on achieving organizational goals. The paper reveals the concept of human resources, encompassing not only recruitment and staff administration but also their development, motivation, performance evaluation, and well-being. It extends beyond traditional personnel management to include aspects of organizational culture, leadership, and change management. Significant attention is given to the role of multicultural human resources in a globalized world, their impact on innovation, creativity, and enhancing an organization’s global competitiveness.Analyzing various approaches and definitions, the author emphasizes the necessity of integrating strategic human resource planning with cultural awareness and effective communication strategies to achieve the company’s strategic goals. The influence of digital technologies on human resource management is discussed, including the challenges of remote work and the need to ensure productivity and engagement in the digital era.The work underscores the importance of a deep understanding of cultural differences, the ability to create an inclusive work environment, develop intercultural interaction skills, and adaptability. This approach enables companies to better understand and meet the requirements of a diverse clientele, fosters innovation, and opens new opportunities for growth. The conclusions of the study highlight that successful human resource management in today’s dynamic and complex business environment requires a comprehensive approach that considers both traditional aspects and contemporary challenges. A profound understanding and effective management of human resources are crucial for ensuring competitiveness, innovative development, and sustainable success of organizations.
METHODOLOGICAL BASIS FOR ASSESSING THE INTEGRATED SECURITY OF THE ENTERPRISE
Authors: FEDOTOVA I. , HLOBA Ye. , ARKHIPOV O.
Published: May 2024

This paper examines the main types and methodologies for assessing the level of enterprise comprehensive security. The primary goal of the research is to deepen the theoretical foundations and develop methodological provisions for evaluating the level of enterprise comprehensive security. The article proposes using a resource-functional approach to identify the main categories of enterprise resources. Based on this, nine subsystems of comprehensive enterprise security are proposed. The identified subsystems of comprehensive security include financial-economic, physical, ecological, production-technological, intellectual-personnel, informational, politico-legal, organizational-reputational, and relational security. A system of indicators for assessing each security subsystem of the enterprise is formulated. To assess the level of comprehensive security, it is proposed to use aggregate and specific indicators. This allows a deep analysis of security subsystems and identifies reserves for improvement. To evaluate the levels of each component of enterprise comprehensive security, the generalized utility function method is proposed. The paper enhances the methodological foundations for assessing the level of enterprise comprehensive security, which, unlike existing methods, is based on assessing the security of basic enterprise subsystems (according to resource-functional components) using a generalized utility function and integral evaluation. The proposed evaluation methodology takes into account the influence of internal and external factors on the overall level of enterprise security. The developed scale for interpreting the integral level of security helps identify problem areas in production and economic activities and make managerial decisions. This methodology considers the impact of a complex of internal and external factors and allows determining the overall level of enterprise comprehensive security, problem areas in the production and economic activities of enterprises that require managerial decisions. The research findings can be utilized by domestic enterprises during the process of ensuring the necessary level of their security.
A variance quantitative trait loci map of childhood behaviour: searching for gene-environment interactions in the MoBa cohort
Authors: Rayner Christopher , Ahmadzadeh Yasmin Iona , Ayorech Ziada , Badini Isabella , Cheesman Rosa , Ystrom Eivind , McAdams Tom
Published: May 2024

Background: Gene-environment interaction is likely to contribute to human development, but individual effects are difficult to detect, especially for behavioural outcomes. Genetic variants associated with phenotypic variability (i.e. those with heteroscedastic effects) are potential candidates for tests of interaction. We conduct the first study estimating genetic effects on phenotypic variability in childhood behavioural traits. Methods: We used item response theory models to reduce measurement error in 71 behavioural traits across childhood (ages 6 months - 14 years) in the Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Birth Cohort Study (MoBa; NMEAN: 31,614; NMAX: 58,833) and subsequently tested for genome-wide association (GWA) of mean and variance effects. Downstream analyses included phenome-wide association analyses of independently associated loci, estimation of SNP-based heritability and genetic correlation, and polygenic score analysis in an independent sample, the Twins Early Development Study (NMEAN=1,837). All analyses were repeated in anthropometric traits, to compare with analyses of behaviour. Results: Across the 71 behavioural phenotypes, there were 17 independent genetic variants associated with phenotypic variability, and 44 associated with mean levels. Genome-wide variance effects explained up to 9.7% of the variance (mean h2vGWA=1.8%), whereas mean effects explained up to 15.8% of the phenotypic variance (mean h2GWA=6.0%). In comparison, for anthropometric traits variance effects explained up to 6.7% of the variance in phenotypic variability (mean h2vGWA=2.1%), and mean effects explained up to 42.7% of the phenotypic variance (mean h2GWA=30.5%). There was little evidence that higher variance-based polygenic scores were associated with greater phenotypic variance, or for vPGS-by-environment interactions. Discussion: In keeping with previous analyses of genetic effects on trait variability in anthropometric and biomarker traits, there were fewer variance effects than mean effects for behavioural traits. Nonetheless, several SNPs with effects on phenotypic variance were identified for follow-up analyses. Standard GWA and PGS analyses require large samples. It is likely that even larger samples will be required to comprehensively detect variance effects involved in childhood behaviour. We have provided an extensive summary of the phenotypes assessed in MoBa accompanied by GWA summary statistics made available for future GWA meta-analyses of childhood behavioural traits.
Elevated Small Vehicle Limited Access Thoroughfares
Authors: Price Daniel
Published: May 2024

Urban elevated Small Vehicle Limited Access Thoroughfare (SVLAT) concept is introduced as a re-envisioned optimization of urban transportation infrastructure due to recent technological trends. The SVLAT arterials are to be installed over urban transportation corridors providing bespoke zero-second wait time non-stop urban transportation for small electric vehicles, bicycles and pedestrians. The article notes the potential for wide pitch spacing of highways, increased modal speed, congestion relief and improved urban experience. Daunting Technical challenges are noted including: regulatory hurdles, fire safety, aerodynamic design, underground interference, design details, vehicle designs, integration with existing transportation networks, and issues yet unknown. Potential high value applications are identified which may provide additional economic incentive including bridges over wide rivers, additional capacity for special venues, mitigating storm recovery and mitigating rising water levels. Auxiliary uses for the structure are noted including cable or pipe routing. Options for the new highway are noted: potential for connection with existing LAT, covering the highway, full self driving, roadway vehicle charging, and integration with above ground malls. The article concludes that since urban small vehicle modal speed will be increased and costs lowered in some applications research into urban elevated SVLAT should be funded.
Does the Variance of Personality Traits Change Across the Lifespan? A Meta-Analysis of Longitudinal Studies
Authors: Haehner Peter , Buecker Susanne , Altorfer Marco , Bocklet Vera , Bleidorn Wiebke
Published: May 2024

Although personality traits are relatively stable compared to other constructs, comprehensive meta-analyses show that the mean-levels and rank-orders of personality traits change throughout the lifespan. In contrast, relatively little is known about whether and how the variance of personality traits develops across the lifespan. Examining changes in personality trait variance is, however, critical to contextualize knowledge on mean-level changes, to identify disruptive life phases, to evaluate the predictive utility of personality traits across age, and to advance personality development theories. The present meta-analysis thus integrated research from 362 longitudinal studies (total N = 344,270) to identify changes in personality trait variance across the lifespan. Across traits, we found a remarkable stability of personality trait variance, indicating that people neither get more different nor more alike across time and age. The only deviations from this pattern were found in childhood, suggesting that the variance of extraversion, neuroticism, and openness decreases in the first years of life (ages 1 to 4) and that the variance of neuroticism increases in late childhood (ages 5 to 13). These findings were robust across various publication, sample, and assessment characteristics. Our results provide novel insights into personality trait development that may spark theoretical advancements by incorporating concrete predictions about stability and change of personality trait variance. Furthermore, the stability of personality trait variance illustrates that mean-level changes in personality traits seem to be independent of variance changes and that personality traits have a similar potential to predict relevant life outcomes across the lifespan.
(Why) Do We Trust AI?: A Case of AI-based Health Chatbots
Authors: Prakash Ashish Viswanath , Das Saini
Published: May 2024

Automated chatbots powered by artificial intelligence (AI) can act as a ubiquitous point of contact, improving access to healthcare and empowering users to make effective decisions. However, despite the potential benefits, emerging literature suggests that apprehensions linked to the distinctive features of AI technology and the specific context of use (healthcare) could undermine consumer trust and hinder widespread adoption. Although the role of trust is considered pivotal to the acceptance of healthcare technologies, a dearth of research exists that focuses on the contextual factors that drive trust in such AI-based Chatbots for Self-Diagnosis (AICSD). Accordingly, a contextual model based on the trust-in-technology framework was developed to understand the determinants of consumers’ trust in AICSD and its behavioral consequences. It was validated using a free simulation experiment study in India (N = 202). Perceived anthropomorphism, perceived information quality, perceived explainability, disposition to trust technology, and perceived service quality influence consumers’ trust in AICSD. In turn, trust, privacy risk, health risk, and gender determine the intention to use. The research contributes by developing and validating a context-specific model for explaining trust in AICSD that could aid developers and marketers in enhancing consumers’ trust in and adoption of AICSD.
Sociotechnical perspectives of digital technologies in sustainable mining
Authors: Gabryk Warren , Naidoo Rennie
Published: May 2024

This paper adopts an interpretive case study approach to understand the role of digital technologies in addressing seemingly contradictory sustainability goals in mining. The sociotechnical model of information systems was used as a framework to guide the analysis of twenty-five in-depth interviews with globally dispersed digital technology experts working collaboratively at an industry-leading hi-tech mining solutions company. The sociotechnical-led thematic analysis findings highlight the trade-offs experts face in balancing narrow technological imperatives and economic outcomes with broader sustainability goals. The analysis moves beyond the technological and economic to a harmonious perspective of social, human, environmental, and technological interactions. A visual thematic map is presented to aid practitioners in designing and optimally implementing digital technologies to simultaneously address the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals while prioritising business sustainability. We conclude by drawing from the proposed sociotechnical perspectives approach for digital sustainability to provide scholars with possible pathways for future responsible information systems research.
Determinan Baru untuk Mengukur Indeks Kebahagiaan Dunia Guna Mendukung Keberlanjutan Produktivitas Kerja
Authors: Tjandrasa Benny Budiawan , Lehman Andrew Sebastian , Widjaja Andreas
Published: May 2024

Dalam upaya meningkatkan kebahagiaan yang akan berdampak pada peningkatan produktivitas pekerja, diperlukan kebijakan yang tepat pada faktor penentu peningkatan kebahagiaan tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan mencari determinan lain yang dikenal secara internasional yang memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap indeks kebahagiaan, selain dari 6 indikator yang selama ini digunakan dalam pembuatan World Hapiness Report. Berdasarkan tujuan penelitian tersebut maka jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah   penelitian eksploratif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah negara-negara di kawasan ASEAN. Menggunakan simple random sampling, sampel yang digunakan adalah data dari empat negara di kawasan ASEAN dari tahun 2013 sampai 2021. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data sekunder, yaitu data-data pada world happiness index, unemployment rate, inflation rate, control of corruption. Teknik pengolahan data panel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan regresi multivariabel dengan terlebih dahulu menentukan apakah lebih cocok menggunakan Common Effect Model, Fixed Effect Model, atau Random Effect Model.  Novelty dari penelitian ini adalah ditemukannya unemployment sebagai variabel mediator yang berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kebahagiaan.
The Smartphone Use and Its Impact on Academic Performance of Undergraduate Students
Authors: Shokeen  , Ruwali Priyanka Neeraj
Published: May 2024

In this study we aimed to investigate the impact of using smartphones on the academic performance of undergraduate students at the Kumaun University Nainital. To know the impact, this study used the quantitative research approach to gather data from 450 undergraduate students using google form questionnaires. It had been found that the majority of undergraduate students are using their smartphones to interact with fellow students and lecturers. It had been also found that using smartphones distracts students’ academic lives in certain aspects. The results also indicate the impact of using smartphones on students’ academic capabilities and progress.
Comparative analysis of the photosynthetic potential of new spring barley varieties in the arid climate zone of the Lower Volga region
Authors: Guzenko A. V. , Solonkin A. V. , Dontsova А. А.
Published: May 2024

Since the climatic conditions have become more arid in the Southern Federal District over the past thirty years, spring barley productivity has sharply reduced. According to the early research and data on meteorological forecasts, in 2022–2023 in the Gorodishchensky district of the Volgograd region there was established an experimental plot based on the Federal Research Center of Agroecology of RAS to test such spring barley varieties as ‘Medikum 139’ (standard, FRC of Agroecology of RAS), ‘Ratnik’, ‘Fedos’, ‘Format’, ‘Azimuth’ ‘Shchedry’, ‘Leon’ (FSBRI “ARC “Donskoy”). These varieties were selected based on their characteristics as the most resistant to abiotic stress factors of the environment. All records and observations were carried out according to generally accepted methods. During the vegetation period, there were carried out observations and there were taken samples to study photosynthetic indicators in the sprouting, tillering, booting, heading stages. There was also carried out leaf diagnostics by the mobile laboratory «Ecotest-2020» to identify the mobility of chloroplasts and nutrients in plants during the tillering period. There was established that the spring barley varieties ‘Azimut’, ‘Format’, ‘Shchedry’ and ‘Leon’ showed the highest adaptability to the acutely arid conditions of the Volgograd region. Based on the analyzed traits of photosynthetic activity, the variety ‘Azimut’ has been included in the State List of Breeding Achievements of the Russian Federation for the Lower Volga region since 2022.
Civil War Lagniappe
Authors: Keiser Kennon
Published: May 2024

The American Civil War era is a rich tapestry of stories and individuals. Moments of inhumanity and human kindness abound. The Civil War Book Review has the great pleasure of presenting this complex tapestry to our readers for our summer 2024 issue. From borderland guerrillas, naval warfare, historical memory, and the search for equality, historians have no shortage of stories to investigate and contextualize. Each of the manuscripts reviewed in this publication takes us through various moments throughout this period, and some even take us to the period long before secession, as the African slave trade knit together the Atlantic world and set the stage for the war to come.
Dolosigranulum Pigrum Bacteremia in an Injecting Drug User Associated with Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Endocarditis and Fungal Endophthalmitis
Authors: Paul O’Shea John-
Published: May 2024

Dolosigranulum pigrum is a commensal bacterium of the upper respiratory tract. We present a case of D. Pigrum bacteremia, identified incidentally in a patient with a history of injecting drug use (IDU), chronic hepatitis C (HCV) and partially treated methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) endocarditis, who presented with acute monocular vision loss. Workup was consistent with unilateral fungal endophthalmitis. The patient was initially treated with intravenous Voriconazole, Ceftriaxone and linezolid for 4 weeks with resolution of his symptoms. This case highlights the emerging role of D. Pigrum as a pathogen in the immune compromised and specifically in the IDU population. This case further illustrates that although identification of fungal growth in vitreous fluid may include culture and PCR analysis, fungal endophthalmitis remains a clinical diagnosis and that fungal cultures have lower sensitivity.
Role of Multimodality Imaging in the Diagnostic work-up for Cardiac Amyloidosis
Authors: Bukhari Syed
Published: May 2024

Cardiac amyloidosis is caused by the deposition of transthyretin or light-chain fibrils into the myocardium, leading to restrictive cardiomyopathy, and eventually death if untreated. The improvement in diagnostic modalities has seen a recent surge in the number of patients being diagnosed with cardiac amyloidosis, particularly transthyretin amyloidosis. The diagnostic workup often starts with echocardiogram, followed by cardiac magnetic resonance and finally pyrophosphate scintigraphy. It is important to know that while transthyretin amyloidosis is often diagnosed non-invasively with technetium pyrophosphate scan in the contemporary practice, the diagnosis of light-chain amyloidosis still needs tissue confirmation.
A Pregnant Patient with Sjögren’s Syndrome and non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: A Case Report
Authors: Urban Aleksandra
Published: May 2024

Background: Sjögren's syndrome is an autoimmune disease primarily affecting women around the age of 50, but can also occur in women of reproductive age, leading to serious maternal-fetal complications during pregnancy. The exact cause of this condition is not entirely understood, however, it is assumed to attack the exocrine glands, leading to impairment of their function. Additionally, an increased risk of developing lymphomas, particularly non-Hodgkin lymphoma is recognized among affected patients. Objective: To illustrate the management of pregnancy in a patient with Sjögren's syndrome and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and the achievement of obstetric success without maternal-fetal complications. Case report: In the article, a 36-year-old pregnant patient with Sjögren's syndrome history, two miscarriages, and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is presented. Due to unexpected pregnancy, the patient discontinued lymphoma treatment. Through the pregnancy, fetal well-being, blood flow, and maternal health were meticulously monitored, showcasing successful obstetric management. Due to Sjögren's syndrome, fetal atrioventricular conduction was monitored weekly from the 16th to the 30th week, showing no abnormalities. Additionally, during the course of pregnancy gestational diabetes, cervical insufficiency treated with pessary insertion, anemia and thyroid insufficiency were diagnosed. Multidisciplinary care addressed these issues, allowing our patient to give birth to a healthy child at 37 weeks via cesarean section. Conclusion: Pregnancies in Sjögren's syndrome patients pose elevated risks due to the presence of antibodies causing tissue damage and complications. These antibodies contribute to fetal myocardial issues and congenital heart conditions. Regular fetal heart ultrasounds, especially for those positive for Ro/SS-A antibodies, are crucial between the 16th and 31st weeks. Maternal-fetal complications include a higher risk of preterm delivery and lower birth weight of the offspring, often due to fetal growth restriction. Additionally, considering the potential for oncohematologic disorders in adults, comprehensive obstetric care is essential for minimizing complications risk.
Clinical Usefulness of the serum-Soluble Transferrin Receptor in Iron Dysregulation Associated with long-Term Hemodialysis
Authors: Motomiya Yoshihiro
Published: May 2024

Background: Soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR) was reported to be a valuable diagnostic marker for iron dysregulation (ID). Hepcidin, which is a key regulator of iron metabolism, has been shown to have increased values in patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD). Either treatment with erythropoietin stimulating agent（ESA） or iron repletion therapy（IRT）had been reported to induce controversial effect on serum levels between sTfR and hepcidin. Thus, we measured serum levels both of sTfR and hepcidin in 97 HD patients and investigated the clinical value of these measures. Methods: We used a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit to measure serum levels both of hepcidin and sTfR. Results: Although serum sTfR levels did not clearly increase, both sTfR levels and its index value correlated with the saturation of transferrin, erythropoietin-stimulating agent dosage, and erythropoietin resistance index (ERI). In addition, a strong negative correlation was found for sTfR and log serum hepcidin values. Conclusions: Serum sTfR levels and the sTfR index were acceptable markers for iron dysregulation (ID) and ERI even in patients undergoing HD whose serum levels of hepcidin increased.
Numerical Simulation of Compensation Injection Problems Near Deep Excavations
Authors: Ter-Martirosyan A. Z. , Kivlyuk V. P. , Isaev I. O.
Published: May 2024

The stress-strain state (SSS) of the “ground foundation – foundation pit under the protection of a fence – compensation injection zone” system is complex, multifactorial and transforming in space. Taking into account a wide range of phenomena when changing the SSS of the soil base is associated with significant difficulties, especially without the use of numerical modeling using software and computer systems. Numerical modeling in the implementation of the finite element method (FEM) for the problems of complex interaction of a soil basis with underground structures during compensatory grouting makes it possible to assign injection zones in any position in space (horizontally, vertically, at an angle), determine the necessary injection parameters to achieve the building lifting of the soil basis when solving the inverse problem. In this study, using examples of numerical modeling of compensation grouting problems near the pit fence with different locations of existing buildings, the authors identified the determining factors affecting the distribution of internal forces in the enclosing structures of the excavation, as well as on the existing structures of the underground structure. The results of comparison of calculations in two-dimensional and three-dimensional formulations are presented, an increase in the bending moment of the retaining wall when carrying out work on compensatory injection by 187-279% is shown for different parameters of the distance to the grouting horizon. The results of the conducted studies confirm the need to take into account the increase in internal efforts during the work on compensatory injection in the structures of the pit fences when assigning reinforcement. In addition, in some cases it is necessary to provide additional protective measures to prevent a negative impact on the constructed underground structures to reduce emergency situations.
Design of Earthquake-Resistant Buildings. New Generation Standards
Authors: Mkrtychev O. V. , Lokhova E. M.
Published: May 2024

In modern practice of designing buildings in seismic areas, there is a constant increase in the level of detail of models, however, calculations often ignore the fact that seismic impact is a random process with large variability of parameters, and the interaction of the structure with a nonlinearly deformable foundation is not always taken into account correctly. In addition, when calculating seismic impacts, it is necessary to use modern material models that take into account the nonlinear nature of deformation under cyclic loads. All the factors described above indicate the need to develop complex methods for calculating seismic impacts. The article describes an integrated approach to the calculations of buildings and structures being built in seismic areas, and also provides the main theses for the STO “Construction in seismic areas. Basic provisions”. The section “materials used and research methods” presents the key components of the proposed methodology (nonlinear calculation method, material models and foundation model). The section “research results” presents the main provisions of the proposed two-level calculation. In conclusion, it was concluded that it is necessary to update modern standards and methods of calculation for seismic impacts.
NATIONALISM AND THE CINEMA IN FRANCE
Authors: Frey Hugo
Published: May 2024

It is often taken for granted that French cinema is intimately connected to the nation’s sense of identity and self-confidence. But what do we really know about that relationship? What are the nuances, insider codes, and hidden history of the alignment between cinema and nationalism? Hugo Frey suggests that the concepts of the ‘political myth’ and ‘the film event’ are the essential theoretical reference points for unlocking film history. Nationalism and the Cinema in France offers new arguments regarding those connections in the French case, examining national elitism, neo-colonialism, and other exclusionary discourses, as well as discussing for the first time the subculture of cinema around the extreme right Front National. Key works from directors such as Michel Audiard, Jean-Luc Godard, Jean-Pierre Melville, Marcel Pagnol, Jean Renoir, Jacques Tati, François Truffaut, and others provide a rich body of evidence.
MASS COMMUNICATION IN ISRAEL
Authors: Soffer Oren
Published: May 2024

Mass communication has long been recognized as an important contributor to national identity and nation building. This book examines the relationship between media and nationalism in Israel, arguing that, in comparison to other countries, the Israeli case is unique. It explores the roots and evolution of newspapers, journalism, radio, television, and the debut of the Internet on both the cultural and the institutional levels, and examines milestones in the socio-political development of Hebrew and Israeli mass communication. In evaluating the technological changes in the media, the book shows how such shifts contribute to segmentation and fragmentation in the age of globalization.
Impact of Braille Reading Proficiency on the Academic Achievement of Students with Visual Impairment at the Secondary Level
Authors: Hussain Khaliq , Akmal Farhana , Ahmad Maqsood
Published: May 2024

The defect or damage to vision denotes the visual impairment. The sight loss brings higher challenges to be faced by students with visual impairment, especially in the field of education. Visual impairment highly reduces the reading capability of the students. The reading competence of blind students from the print material is almost vanished. The Braille device is used to provide embossed content for reading to blind students which helps to improve their learning. The present study aimed to investigate the impact of reading proficiency on the academic achievement of students with visual impairment at the secondary level. All the students with visual impairment were the population of the study. A sample of 40 students with visual impairment (Grade IX=20, Grade X=20) was selected to collect the data for the study. A simple random sampling technique was applied to select the study sample from Govt. Special Education Schools of district Faisalabad.
Development of Students' Leadership at University Level: Perceptions and Perspective
Authors: Anjum Naheed , Kalsoom Tahira , Batool Tahira
Published: May 2024

The study examines student leadership, its importance, and the various factors involved in cultivating and growing student leaders. Effective student leadership fosters a sense of belonging, raises engagement levels, and enables people to take an active role in their education. Student leaders need to encourage, support, and work towards addressing societal issues like poverty, healthcare, and environmental sustainability. Student leaders collaborate with local and national civil society organizations working on anti-corruption initiatives. There is a growing curiosity about student leadership`s effects on learners, educational institutions, and society as a whole. The design of the quantitative investigation was created. The study's population consisted of all public and private universities in Lahore that have been accredited by HEC. The method of stratified sampling was applied. A public institution and a private university were chosen. A total of 100 students from public and 100 from private universities were taken into consideration. 200 students made up the sample in total. The results suggest certain aspects of leadership emphasizing the significance of the university environment including educational and co-curricular activities.