bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Correspondence between particle creation and dark components interaction in the context of f(𝒢) gravity
Authors: Ganjizadeh S. , Amani Alireza , Ramzanpour M. A.
Published: August 2024

In this paper, we explore the particle creation scenario in the context of [Formula: see text] gravity in flat-FLRW metric. For this purpose, from the perspective of thermodynamics and considering an adiabatic universe, we obtain the modified continuity equation in terms of the dynamic number of particles [Formula: see text]. On the other hand, we obtain Friedmann’s equations in [Formula: see text] gravity and then write down the continuity equations of the components of matter and dark energy, taking into account the interaction between them. In what follows, by establishing a correspondence between the particle production scenario and [Formula: see text] gravity, we obtain the cosmological parameters in terms of [Formula: see text]. After that, we find cosmological solutions using power-law cosmology and compare them with Hubble parameter data. Finally, we fit the current model with Hubble data and plot the best fit in terms of the redshift parameter.
η-Einstein soliton on α-Sasakian manifold with respect to Zamkovoy connection
Authors: Mandal Abhijit , Mallik Meghlal
Published: August 2024

The purpose of this paper is to study some properties of [Formula: see text]-Sasakian manifolds with respect to Zamkovoy connection. We study [Formula: see text]-Einstein soliton on pseudo-projectively flat [Formula: see text]-Sasakian with respect to Zamkovoy connection. Further, we discuss [Formula: see text]-Einstein soliton on this manifold under various curvature conditions.
Long-time behavior and quasi-density function for a stochastic epidemic model with relapse and reinfection
Authors: Benazzouz Meryem , Basri Layla , El Fatini Mohamed , Laaribi Aziz
Published: August 2024

A stochastic susceptible–infected–recovered–infected (SIRI) epidemic model with relapse and reinfection is established in this paper. First, we prove that the solution to the epidemic model is unique and globally positive. Next, we determine some sufficient conditions for the extinction of the disease when [Formula: see text] and for the persistence in mean in the case of [Formula: see text]. Furthermore, we prove the existence of at least one ergodic stationary distribution of the stochastic model if [Formula: see text]. Additionally, by solving the corresponding three-dimensional Fokker–Planck equation, it is theoretically shown that the epidemic model has a log-normal probability density function when [Formula: see text], then we obtain the exact expression of density function of the stationary distribution. Finally, we give some numerical simulations to support our theoretical results.
Propagation dynamics of a three-species predator–prey model with non-local dispersal in a shifting habitat
Authors: Yang Meng-Jia , Li Wan-Tong , Dong Fang-Di
Published: August 2024

This paper is concerned with the propagation phenomenon of a non-local dispersal predator–prey system involving two preys and one predator in a shifting habitat. Assuming that the growth rate of each prey is moving to the right at a speed of [Formula: see text] and the habitat is suitable for each prey to survive before the shifting edge, while the habitat behind the boundary is not suitable for survival. For any given speed of the shifting habitat edge, we establish four types of forced extinction waves, which describe the conversion from the state of a saturated aboriginal prey with a pair of invading alien predator–prey, two aboriginal co-existent preys with an invading alien predator, a pair of aboriginal co-existent predator–prey and an invading alien prey, and the co-existence of three species to the extinction state, respectively. Meanwhile, we show the non-existence of some forced waves.
Extending modules and generalizations via left exact preradicals
Authors: Mutlu Figen Takil , Taştan Edanur , Tercan Adnan
Published: August 2024

A module is said to be extending if every submodule is essential in a direct summand of the module. In this paper, we define and investigate in details extending notion and its two generalizations in terms of a left exact preradical in the category of right modules. Our results are based on structural and decomposition properties of these new classes of modules. Examples are included on using special left exact preradicals.
Application of deep eutectic solvent-based biomass waste for the adsorption of phenol
Authors: Li Qian , Huang Qing , Wu Tian , Jiang Dexing , Wei Yuqin , Chen Ziyi , Deng Ziyi
Published: August 2024

Phenol is present in different amounts in a number of industrial effluents. Even in small amounts, the substance has a significant potential for toxicity. Deep eutectic solvent-based tea waste (DBTW) was examined in this work as an adsorbent for the elimination of this type of pollutant. Analysis using SEM, FTIR, BET, and TGA showed the properties of the synthesized adsorbent. The pseudo-first-order rate equation correctly reflected the experimental data for phenol. Thermodynamic studies showed that phenol adsorption onto the surface of the DBTW was an endothermic, nonspontaneous process.
An Integrative Computational Approach for Design and Evaluation of Novel [1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazole Analogues as Dual-Action Anti-Retroviral and Anti-Bacterial Agents: Insights into Rational Drug Design Strategies
Authors: Ghosh Rahul , Ganguly Swastika
Published: August 2024

The development of effective antiretroviral inhibitors (HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase) and glucosamine-6-phosphate (GlcN6P) agents represent a significant challenge for combating viral infections and related diseases. In this study, we employed a multidisciplinary approach to design and evaluate a series of novel triazole analogs as potential candidates for anti-retroviral and glucosamine-6-phosphate agents. Using molecular docking, we explored the binding interactions between the RSA3 analog and the target proteins implicated in viral replication and glucosamine metabolism. Density functional theory (DFT) employing the 6-311++G(d,p) basis set was utilized for computational analysis, with a subsequent examination of the electronic parameters. The HOMO and LUMO orbitals as well as the molecular electrostatic potential map were investigated using DFT to characterize the reactivity of our molecule. Molecular dynamics simulations were performed to investigate the stability and dynamic behavior of the ligand-protein complex (RSA3) over time (300 ns). Furthermore, we employed MM-GBSA calculations of the compound RSA3 (molecular mechanics generalized band surface area) to estimate the binding free energies (-71.30 ± 7.26 kcal/mol and -67.86 ± 7.09 kcal/mol, respectively) and identified the most promising compounds with high affinity for the target proteins. Additionally, predictive absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and toxicity (ADMET) studies of compound RSA3 were conducted to assess its drug-like properties and potential safety profiles of the selected compound. Our results revealed that RSA3 has favorable binding interactions, is a stable complex and has significant binding affinity for target proteins. Moreover, predictive ADMET studies indicated that RSA3 possesses desirable drug-like properties, suggesting its potential for further investigation as an anti-retroviral agent and glucosamine-6-phosphate agent. Overall, this integrative computational approach combining molecular docking, DFT analysis, dynamics simulations, MM-GBSA and predictive ADMET studies provides valuable insights into the design and evaluation of novel triazole analogs with potential therapeutic applications, highlighting the importance of rational drug design strategies in the field of anti-retroviral and glucosamine research.
Learning and Vision-based approach for Human fall detection and classification in naturally occurring scenes using video data
Authors: Singh Shashvat , Kumari Kumkum , Vaish Ankita
Published: August 2024

The advancement of medicine presents challenges for modern cultures, especially with unpredictable elderly falling incidents anywhere due to serious health issues. Delayed rescue for at-risk elders can be dangerous. Traditional elder safety methods like video surveillance or wearable sensors are inefficient and burdensome, wasting human resources and requiring caregivers' constant fall detection monitoring. Thus, a more effective and convenient solution is needed to ensure elderly safety. In this article, a method is presented for detecting human falls in naturally occurring scenes using videos through a traditional Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) model, Inception-v3, VGG-19, and two versions of the You Only Look Once (YOLO) working model. The primary focus of this work is human fall detection through the utilization of deep learning models. Specifically, the YOLO approach is adopted for object detection and tracking in video scenes. By implementing YOLO, human subjects are identified, and bounding boxes are generated around them. The classification of various human activities, including fall detection is accomplished through the analysis of deformation features extracted from these bounding boxes. The traditional CNN model achieves an impressive 99.83% accuracy in human fall detection, surpassing other state-of-the-art methods. However, training time is longer compared to YOLO-v2 and YOLO-v3, but significantly shorter than Inception-v3, taking only around 10% of its total training time.
Student Academic Success Prediction Using Learning Management Multimedia Data With Convoluted Features and Ensemble Model
Authors: Al-Ameri Abdullah , Al-Shammari Waleed , Castiglione Aniello , NAPPI Michele , PERO Chiara , Umer Muhammad
Published: August 2024

Predicting students’ academic success is crucial for educational institutions to provide targeted support and interventions to those at risk of underperforming. With the increasing adoption of digital learning management systems (LMS), there has been a surge in multimedia data, opening new avenues for predictive analytics in education. Anticipating students’ academic performance can function as an early alert system for those facing potential failure, enabling educational institutions to implement interventions proactively. This study proposes leveraging features extracted from a convolutional neural network (CNN) in conjunction with machine learning models to enhance predictive accuracy. This approach obviates the need for manual feature extraction and yields superior outcomes compared to using machine learning and deep learning models independently. Initially, nine machine learning models are applied to both the original and convoluted features. The top-performing individual models are then combined into an ensemble model. This research work makes an ensemble of support vector machine (SVM) and random forest (RF) for academic performance prediction. The efficacy of the proposed method is validated against existing models, demonstrating its superior performance. With an accuracy of 97.88%, and precision, recall, and F1 scores of 98%, the proposed approach attains outstanding results in forecasting student academic success. This study contributes to the burgeoning field of predictive analytics in education by showcasing the effectiveness of leveraging multimedia data from learning management systems with convoluted features and ensemble modeling techniques.
Cluster-Based Graph Collaborative Filtering
Authors: Liu Fan , Zhao Shuai , Cheng Zhiyong , Nie Liqiang , Kankanhalli Mohan
Published: August 2024

Graph Convolution Networks (GCNs) have significantly succeeded in learning user and item representations for recommendation systems. The core of their efficacy is the ability to explicitly exploit the collaborative signals from both the first- and high-order neighboring nodes. However, most existing GCN-based methods overlook the multiple interests of users while performing high-order graph convolution. Thus, the noisy information from unreliable neighbor nodes (e.g., users with dissimilar interests) negatively impacts the representation learning of the target node. Additionally, conducting graph convolution operations without differentiating high-order neighbors suffers the over-smoothing issue when stacking more layers, resulting in performance degradation. In this article, we aim to capture more valuable information from high-order neighboring nodes while avoiding noise for better representation learning of the target node. To achieve this goal, we propose a novel GCN-based recommendation model, termed Cluster-based Graph Collaborative Filtering (ClusterGCF). This model performs high-order graph convolution on cluster-specific graphs, which are constructed by capturing the multiple interests of users and identifying the common interests among them. Specifically, we design an unsupervised and optimizable soft node clustering approach to classify user and item nodes into multiple clusters. Based on the soft node clustering results and the topology of the user–item interaction graph, we assign the nodes with probabilities for different clusters to construct the cluster-specific graphs. To evaluate the effectiveness of ClusterGCF, we conducted extensive experiments on four publicly available datasets. Experimental results demonstrate that our model can significantly improve recommendation performance.
A DENSE SPATIAL NETWORK MODEL FOR EMOTION RECOGNITION USING LEARNING APPROACHES
Authors: V Lakshmi Lalitha , Anguraj Dinesh Kumar
Published: August 2024

Researchers are increasingly eager to develop techniques to extract emotional data from new sources due to the exponential growth of subjective information on Web 2.0. One of the most challenging aspects of textual emotion detection is the collection of data with emotion labels, given the subjectivity involved in labeling emotions. To address this significant issue, our research aims to aid in the development of effective solutions. We propose a Deep Convolutional Belief-based Spatial Network Model (DCB-SNM) as a semi-automated technique to tackle this challenge. This model involves two basic phases of analysis: text and video. In this process, pre-trained annotators identify the dominant emotion. Our work evaluates the impact of this automatic pre-annotation approach on manual emotion annotation from the perspectives of annotation time and agreement. The data on annotation time indicates an increase of roughly 20% when the pre-annotation procedure is utilized, without negatively affecting the annotators' skill. This demonstrates the benefits of pre-annotation approaches. Additionally, pre-annotation proves to be particularly advantageous for contributors with low prediction accuracy, enhancing overall annotation efficiency and reliability.
Dual‐Task Performance in Individuals With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Systematic Review With Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Pasten Joselyn González , Aguayo Jennifer Campos , Aburto Javiera , Araya-Quintanilla Felipe , Álvarez-Bustos Alejandro , Valenzuela-Fuenzalida Juan José , Camp Pat G. , Sepúlveda-Loyola Walter
Published: August 2024

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by important extrapulmonary alterations that could affect the performance in dual task (DT) (motor and cognitive tasks executed simultaneously), which is defined as DT interference (DTI).

Objective: To compare the performance of DT between individuals with COPD and healthy control subjects (HCSs).

Methods: The literature search was conducted in seven databases (Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, PEDro, SciELO, LILACS, and Google Scholar) up to December 2023, including studies published in English, Spanish, or Portuguese. Studies with individuals diagnosed with COPD older than 60 years, who were evaluated with any DT assessment, and compared with HCS were included. The quality of the studies was evaluated using the risk of bias in nonrandomized studies of interventions (ROBINS‐I). The meta‐analysis was performed with JAMOVI software 5.4. The study protocol was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42023435212).

Results: From a total of 128 articles, 5 observational studies were selected in this review, involving 252 individuals aged between 60 and 80 years, from France, Italy, Canada, Turkey, and Belgium. Notable DTI was observed in individuals with COPD compared to HCS (standard mean difference [SMD] = 0.91; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.06–1.75, p = 0.04). Individuals with COPD had impaired gait speed, balance control, muscle strength, and cognitive interference during DT compared to HCS. DT assessment protocols included different combination of motor and cognitive tasks, using functional test, gait analysis, and muscle strength paired with countdown and verbal fluency tasks. Studies presented low (n = 2), moderate (n = 1), and serious (n = 2) overall risk of bias.

Conclusion: Older adults diagnosed with COPD exhibited a significant DTI compared to HCSs, which is characterized by poorer physical and cognitive performance during DT execution. These findings highlight the importance of incorporating DT assessments into clinical practice for individuals with COPD.
Initial Experience of Robot‐Assisted Nephroureterectomy without Intraoperative Repositioning Using a New Robotic Surgical System (KD‐SR‐01TM)
Authors: Dong Jie , Xu Weifeng , Ji Zhigang
Published: August 2024

Background. Robot‐assisted nephroureterectomy (RANU) has been more and more applied since 21st century. However, the high cost limits the widespread use of robot system. A relatively low‐cost new robotic surgical system (KD‐SR‐01™) has recently been developed in China. Objective. To assess the safety and efficacy of the KD‐SR‐01™ Surgical System in RANU. Methods. Patients with upper‐tract urothelial tumor and undergoing RANU with the KD‐SR‐01™ Robotic System were prospectively included. Surgeries were all performed by a single surgeon. Patients’ demographic and clinical characteristics, perioperative data, pathology findings, and follow‐up data were collected. Key Findings. 9 patients were enrolled in this study, and the surgeries went smoothly with no conversion to open. The 1st docking time, the 2nd docking time, and the operation time were 222 s, 169 s, and 202 min respectively. No equipment‐related adverse events occurred. All patients were followed up for at least 3 months, and one patient experienced bladder recurrences. Conclusions and Clinical Implications. This study is the first to verify that the KD‐SR‐01™ robot system is effective and safe in RANU and has advantages in terms of its rotation boom during redocking and its price. This trial is registered with ChiCTR2200056672.
Acquired Hemophilia A Diagnosed Based on Gross Hematuria: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Hata Kenichi , Kato Junichiro , Takahashi Yusuke , Saito Shun , Sakanaka Keigo , Kimura Takahiro
Published: August 2024

Acquired hemophilia A (AHA) is an acquired bleeding disorder caused by neutralizing antibodies (inhibitors) against Coagulation Factor VIII (FVIII:C), causing sudden hemorrhagic symptoms (i.e., subcutaneous bleeding, intramuscular bleeding, and hematuria). Herein, this study is aimed at presenting a case of AHA diagnosed based on hematuria and reviewing patients who were diagnosed with AHA due to hematuria. A 67‐year‐old woman was referred to Atsugi City Hospital with painless gross hematuria that began 4 weeks before presentation. Contrast‐enhanced computed tomography (eCT) revealed an approximately 2 cm mass in the right renal pelvis, and the patient’s activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) was elevated (61.4 s). The day after the endoscopic biopsy, the patient was in shock due to a large retroperitoneal hematoma. Although her condition stabilized after intravenous radioembolization, she underwent emergency surgeries several times because of rebleeding within the next 3 weeks. At that time, APTT was more prolonged at 106.4 s, and the FVIII:C level was 2%. Mixing tests showed an upwardly convex curve after 2‐h incubation, indicating the presence of an inhibitor. Factor VIII inhibitor titer was ≥5.1 Bethesda unit (BU)/mL. A combined product of Plasma‐Derived Factors VIIa and X (pd‐FVIIa/FX), as second‐line hemostatic therapy, as well as cyclophosphamide (CYP), were administered after Recombinant Activated Factor VIIa (rFVIIa) had been ineffective. Following this, the Factor VIII inhibitor titer was undetectable, FVIII:C levels were restored, and APTT decreased to within the normal range. Gross hematuria was significantly alleviated. However, the patient died of cytomegalovirus and fungal infections due to prolonged immunosuppressive therapy. Although AHA diagnosed based on hematuria may have a better prognosis than others, there have been occasional cases with severe outcomes. APTT, detected upon initial hematological testing in patients with hematuria, may be a potential indicator of an existing AHA.
Berberis lycium: A Miracle Medicinal Plant with Multifaceted Health Benefits
Authors: Ahmad Bashir , Murshed Abduh , Zaky Mohamed Y. , Khan Imran , Rahman Faiz ur , Abdellattif Magda H. , Liu Guojun , Lu Jun
Published: August 2024

Throughout history, medicinal plants have been used to treat different ailments. About 70 to 80% of the world population rely on medicinal plants for healthcare and some use it for income generation. The annual sale of medicinal plants increases over time. In plants, Berberis vulgaris f. lycium (Royle) Parsa (Berberis lycium), also called boxthoran barberry, Indian barberry, or Indian lyceum contains key alkaloids such as berberine, camptothecin, koumidine, salutaridine, luteanine, palmatine, and protopine. Significant steroidal compounds include sitosterol and B‐sitosterol. The plant is rich in flavonoids such as isorhamnetin, formononetin‐7‐O‐glucoside, and velutin and anthocyanins such as cyanidin‐3‐glucoside and delphinidin‐3‐glucoside. It also includes phenolic compounds such as chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, vanillic acid, and quercetin. B. lycium possesses dual utility due to its delicious fruit and has high value with known history in treatment of different disease and use in folklore medicines. Ethnobotanical surveys reveal that the B. lycium is used to treat jaundice, hepatitis, typhoid, fever, tuberculosis disorders, eye lotion, chronic diarrhoea, tonic, skin diseases, blood purifier, piles, eye infections, gum problems, diabetes, and kidney problems. Experimental studies have demonstrated that the B. lycium possesses antibacterial, antihyperlipidaemia, antidiabetic, anticolitis/inflammatory, anticancer activities, antiviral activities, and anthelminthic activities. According to our literature survey, there is no review with a mechanistic summary on B. lycium; therefore, the current review is an effort to provide the available literature on B. lycium in summary form for future research.
Comparison of BRCA1 Gene Expression and CA15‐3 Tumor Marker Level in Different Stages of Breast Cancer
Authors: Soltani Irdmusa Negar , Bashi Zadeh Fakhar Haniyeh , Heshmati Masoumeh , Akbari Mohammad Esmaiel , Rahimi Sara
Published: August 2024

Breast cancer (BC), a globally prevalent malignancy, shows significant variability in incidence across different geographical regions. In this study, we examined the expression of the tumor suppressor gene BRCA1 and the tumor marker CA15‐3 in women diagnosed with BC, focusing on different cancer grades. Our research, conducted at the Baqiyat Elah Hospital in Tehran in 2021, involved collecting blood and serum samples from BC patients. These samples underwent BRCA1 gene expression analysis and CA15‐3 tumor marker assessment. Using the AJCC grading system, we categorized BC patients into various grades. Our findings revealed that BRCA1 gene expression was present in 28.57% of patients, while 71.43% showed negative expression. Both BRCA1 expression and CA15‐3 levels significantly increased with advanced cancer stages (P < 0.001). These results suggest the potential utility of BRCA1 gene expression and CA15‐3 tumor marker assessment in BC prognosis and management, particularly concerning staging and disease progression. This study provides valuable insights into the biology of BC and the development of prognostic markers for improved patient outcomes.
Axial Length Shortening after Combined Repeated Low‐Level Red‐Light Therapy in Poor Responders of Orthokeratology in Myopic Children
Authors: Yu Mengting , Tang Xianghua , Jiang Jinyun , Zhou Fengqi , Wang Lili , Xiang Chuqi , Hu Yin , Yang Xiao
Published: August 2024

Purpose. To investigate the efficacy and safety of orthokeratology (ortho‐k) and repeated low‐level red‐light (RLRL) therapy in treating poor responders of ortho‐k in myopic children. Methods. Study participants were 100 myopic children who completed two years of ortho‐k treatment in a retrospective study. In the first year of ortho‐k treatment (phase one), they experienced axial elongation of 0.30 mm or greater (defined as poor responders to ortho‐k). Children were divided into two groups: the orthokeratology group (OK, n = 45) continued to receive ortho‐k monotherapy and the combination group (OK‐RLRL, n = 55) received RLRL in addition to ortho‐k for the next year (phase two). Axial elongation over time between the groups was compared. Results. The mean age, male‐to‐female ratio, axial length (AL), and axial elongation in phase one were comparable between OK and OK‐RLRL groups (all P > 0.05). During phase two, significant AL shortening was observed in the OK‐RLRL group compared with children in the OK group (−0.10 ± 0.16 mm vs 0.30 ± 0.19 mm, P < 0.001). Among these 55 myopic children in the OK‐RLRL group, 35 (63.6%), 25 (45.4%), 11 (20%), 6 (10.9%), and 3 (5.4%) of them had AL shortening over 0.05 mm/year, 0.10 mm/year, and 0.20 mm/year, 0.3 mm/year, and 0.4 mm/year, respectively. Older baseline age (β = −0.02), higher treatment compliance (β = −0.462), and AL change at 1 month (β = 1.263) were significantly associated with less AL elongation (all P < 0.05). Conclusions. For poor responders of orthokeratology, RLRL could slow axial elongation in addition to the ortho‐k treatment effect. Those who respond poorly to ortho‐k with elder age might benefit more from combined therapy.
“They Like to Try and Boss Them around a Little”: Reablement Service Staff’s Views and Experiences of Adult Children’s Efforts to Assert Control
Authors: Chen Chunhua , Beresford Bryony
Published: August 2024

Increasing frailty or a medical crisis threatens older people’s autonomy. Further threats may arise from adult children if such changes or events are perceived as permitting or signalling a need to assume greater control over their parent’s life. In the context of reablement—a time‐limited intervention seeking to help older people regain their confidence and ability to live as independently as possible—this is observed in cases where adult children resist, or seek to sabotage, reablement. This runs counter to the notion of family being a valuable resource and partner to reablement services in achieving the desired outcomes. Notions of autonomy and legitimate authority, which often co‐occur in care relationships, provide a useful lens to understand this phenomenon. The aims of this study were to explore reablement staff’s accounts of the ways adult children seek to assume control over their parents’ reablement, and how they manage such situations. We undertook a secondary analysis of a qualitative dataset comprising transcripts of 11 focus groups with staff (n = 78) in five reablement services in England and Wales conducted for the purposes of a study investigating the factors affecting older people’s engagement with reablement. Staff’s accounts included descriptions of the different ways adult children can seek to exert control over the reablement process. Staff believed that, when aware this was happening, older people ceded control to their child(ren) because preserving the relationship with their child(ren) was a greater priority than maximising their independence. Staff’s descriptions of the different strategies they used to protect family relationships whilst supporting the older person’s autonomy shed light on the skills reablement staff require. Findings support person‐centred approaches to reablement which understand and respond to the wider family context. They also point to possible limitations or gaps in workforce training and supervision.
Genetic Variability, Character Association, Path Coefficient, and Diversity Analysis of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Genotypes Based on Agro‐Morphological Traits
Authors: Singh Yadav Shubh Pravat , Bhandari Sujan , Ghimire Netra Prasad , Mehata Dipesh Kumar , Majhi Soni Kumari , Bhattarai Susmita , Shrestha Samaz , Yadav Bishnu , Chaudhary Pratima , Bhujel Sangita
Published: August 2024

Any program aimed at improving rice quality must investigate and comprehend the variety and heterogeneity of germplasm genotypes. Genetic variability analysis aids the breeders in determining the best criteria and selection procedure to be utilized in order to enhance the desired attributes. Twenty genetic materials were used in a two‐year (2021‐2022) field experiment at the G.P. Koirala College of Agriculture and Research Center in Morang, Nepal. This study aimed to determine the genetic diversity by principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis, as well as to assess the path coefficient (PC), genetic deviation, and character association based on grain yield (GY) and other yield‐attributing variables. For all the parameters under study, variance analysis across all genotypes showed substantial differences (P < 0.001), suggesting a higher level of genetic variability for selection purposes. The higher phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variation (PCV and GCV) were observed for yield‐related traits, including grains per panicle (GP), straw yield (SY), harvest index (HI), days to flowering (DF), and test weight (TW). Higher genetic advance as a percentage of the mean (GAM) and higher heritability () for each attribute indicated nonadditive gene activity and highlighted that selection would likely be successful. According to the correlation analysis, selection based on days to maturity (DM), TW, HI, tiller per m2 (TM), and effective tiller per hill (ETH) will be beneficial for raising rice GY. The results of PCA and PC indicated that the direct selection of DM, ETH, TW, and HI would be productive in improving the GY of rice in future breeding projects. The results of the cluster analysis divided the 20 rice genotypes into seven groups, with Cluster VII with genotype Swarna Sub‐1 for GY and HI; Cluster I with genotypes NR2188‐13‐5‐2‐5‐1, Radha‐13, and Bas Dhan for PH and SY; Cluster VI with genotypes NR2187‐33‐1‐2‐1‐1‐1 and Ranjeet for DF and DM; and Cluster V with genotypes NR2182‐33‐3‐2‐1‐1‐1 and NR2192‐16‐1‐1‐1‐1 for TM and PL being chosen as the best ones. Upon confirmation, these genotypes can be recommended for commercial release or used as prospective breeding material in cross‐breeding initiatives aimed at producing cultivars possessing desirable homogeneous features.
The Complex Regulation of Cytokinesis upon Abscission Checkpoint Activation
Authors: Gibieža Paulius , Petrikaitė Vilma
Published: August 2024

Cytokinetic abscission is a crucial process that guides the separation of daughter cells at the end of each cell division. This process involves the cleavage of the intercellular bridge, which connects the newly formed daughter cells. Over the years, researchers have identified several cellular contributors and intracellular processes that influence the spatial and temporal distribution of the cytoskeleton during cytokinetic abscission. This review presents the most important scientific discoveries that allow activation of the abscission checkpoint, ensuring a smooth and successful separation of a single cell into two cells during cell division. Here, we describe different factors, such as abscission checkpoint, ICB tension, nuclear pore defects, DNA replication stress, chromosomal stability, and midbody proteins, which play a role in the regulation and correct timing of cytokinetic abscission. Furthermore, we explore the downsides associated with the dysregulation of abscission, including its negative impact on cells and the potential to induce tumor formation in humans. Finally, we propose a novel factor for improving cancer therapy and give future perspectives in this research field.
Figure 4 from IFNγ Production by Functionally Reprogrammed Tregs Promotes Antitumor Efficacy of OX40/CD137 Bispecific Agonist Therapy
Authors: Imianowski Charlotte J. , Kuo Paula , Whiteside Sarah K. , von Linde Teresa , Wesolowski Alexander J. , Conti Alberto G. , Evans Alexander C. , Baird Tarrion , Morris Benjamin I. , Fletcher Nicole E. , Yang Jie , Poon Edmund , Lakins Matthew A. , Yamamoto Masahiro , Brewis Neil , Morrow Michelle , Roychoudhuri Rahul
Published: August 2024

The antitumor efficacy of OX40/CD137 dual agonism is dependent upon IFNγ signaling. A, Schema representing treatment schedule of FS120m and anti-IFNγ. B, Tumor measurements at indicated timepoints after MC38 tumor implantation of the mice described in A. C, Representative plots from the tumor (left) and spleen (right) showing IFNγ+ cells in CD8+ T cells and indicated CD4+ T-cell populations from mice receiving the specified treatment. D, Replicate values of IFNγ+ cells in CD8+ T cells and the indicated CD4+ T-cell populations from the tumor, spleen, and tumor-draining lymph node of mice receiving the specified treatment. Data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA with Tukey correction for multiple comparisons (B) and ordinary one-way ANOVA with Tukey correction for multiple comparisons (D). Bars and error are mean and SEM. *, P ≤ 0.05; **, P ≤ 0.01; ***, P ≤ 0.001; ****, P ≤ 0.0001. Ctrl, control; dLN, tumor-draining lymph node; MFI, mean fluorescence intensity.
Figure 1 from IFNγ Production by Functionally Reprogrammed Tregs Promotes Antitumor Efficacy of OX40/CD137 Bispecific Agonist Therapy
Authors: Imianowski Charlotte J. , Kuo Paula , Whiteside Sarah K. , von Linde Teresa , Wesolowski Alexander J. , Conti Alberto G. , Evans Alexander C. , Baird Tarrion , Morris Benjamin I. , Fletcher Nicole E. , Yang Jie , Poon Edmund , Lakins Matthew A. , Yamamoto Masahiro , Brewis Neil , Morrow Michelle , Roychoudhuri Rahul
Published: August 2024

OX40 and CD137 are highly coexpressed on tumor-associated Tregs. A, Representative plots showing expression of OX40 and CD137 on resting and activated CD4+ Tregs, CD4+ Tconv cells, and CD8+ T cells from the spleens and tumors of mice inoculated with MC38 cells. B and C, Quantification of resting CD44− CD62L+ (left) and activated CD44+ CD62L− (right) cells within the indicated T-cell populations in the spleen (B) and tumor (C). Data in B and C were analyzed by one-way ANOVA with Tukey correction for multiple comparisons. Bars and error are mean and SEM. ****, P ≤ 0.0001.
Video S1 from Membrane-bound Heat Shock Protein mHsp70 Is Required for Migration and Invasion of Brain Tumors
Authors: Shevtsov Maxim , Bobkov Danila , Yudintceva Natalia , Likhomanova Ruslana , Kim Alexander , Fedorov Evegeniy , Fedorov Viacheslav , Mikhailova Natalia , Oganesyan Elena , Shabelnikov Sergey , Rozanov Oleg , Garaev Timur , Aksenov Nikolay , Shatrova Alla , Ten Artem , Nechaeva Anastasiya , Goncharova Daria , Ziganshin Rustam , Lukacheva Anastasiya , Sitovskaya Daria , Ulitin Alexey , Pitkin Emil , Samochernykh Konstantin , Shlyakhto Evgeny , Combs Stephanie E.
Published: August 2024

Motility of Hsp70-positive cells in a GBM tumor sample detected using laser scanning confocal microscopy during observation for 1 h.
Supplementary Table S2 from Membrane-bound Heat Shock Protein mHsp70 Is Required for Migration and Invasion of Brain Tumors
Authors: Shevtsov Maxim , Bobkov Danila , Yudintceva Natalia , Likhomanova Ruslana , Kim Alexander , Fedorov Evegeniy , Fedorov Viacheslav , Mikhailova Natalia , Oganesyan Elena , Shabelnikov Sergey , Rozanov Oleg , Garaev Timur , Aksenov Nikolay , Shatrova Alla , Ten Artem , Nechaeva Anastasiya , Goncharova Daria , Ziganshin Rustam , Lukacheva Anastasiya , Sitovskaya Daria , Ulitin Alexey , Pitkin Emil , Samochernykh Konstantin , Shlyakhto Evgeny , Combs Stephanie E.
Published: August 2024

Characteristics of pediatric patients with high-grade gliomas.
Supplementary Figure S2 from Membrane-bound Heat Shock Protein mHsp70 Is Required for Migration and Invasion of Brain Tumors
Authors: Shevtsov Maxim , Bobkov Danila , Yudintceva Natalia , Likhomanova Ruslana , Kim Alexander , Fedorov Evegeniy , Fedorov Viacheslav , Mikhailova Natalia , Oganesyan Elena , Shabelnikov Sergey , Rozanov Oleg , Garaev Timur , Aksenov Nikolay , Shatrova Alla , Ten Artem , Nechaeva Anastasiya , Goncharova Daria , Ziganshin Rustam , Lukacheva Anastasiya , Sitovskaya Daria , Ulitin Alexey , Pitkin Emil , Samochernykh Konstantin , Shlyakhto Evgeny , Combs Stephanie E.
Published: August 2024

CD133 expression in C6, T98G and U251 cell lines measured by flow cytometry.
Figure 7 from Membrane-bound Heat Shock Protein mHsp70 Is Required for Migration and Invasion of Brain Tumors
Authors: Shevtsov Maxim , Bobkov Danila , Yudintceva Natalia , Likhomanova Ruslana , Kim Alexander , Fedorov Evegeniy , Fedorov Viacheslav , Mikhailova Natalia , Oganesyan Elena , Shabelnikov Sergey , Rozanov Oleg , Garaev Timur , Aksenov Nikolay , Shatrova Alla , Ten Artem , Nechaeva Anastasiya , Goncharova Daria , Ziganshin Rustam , Lukacheva Anastasiya , Sitovskaya Daria , Ulitin Alexey , Pitkin Emil , Samochernykh Konstantin , Shlyakhto Evgeny , Combs Stephanie E.
Published: August 2024

Therapeutic efficacy of the HSP70 inhibitors PES and JG98 in orthotopic brain tumor models. The survival curves of the glioma-bearing animals were analyzed employing the Kaplan–Meier method. A, Schematic representation of the preclinical study protocol. B, Kaplan–Meier curves of animals treated with PBS, PES, or JG98. C, Volumetric studies of the C6 rat glioma and U251 human glioblastoma. Tumor volume (mm3) was determined by employing T1-weighted and T2-weighted MRI scans in tumor-bearing animals (n = 6 per group). Data are presented as mean ± SD. D, Kaplan–Meier curves of animals treated with PBS, PES, or JG98 in combination with a single-dose (10 Gy) irradiation.
Data from IFNγ Production by Functionally Reprogrammed Tregs Promotes Antitumor Efficacy of OX40/CD137 Bispecific Agonist Therapy
Authors: Imianowski Charlotte J. , Kuo Paula , Whiteside Sarah K. , von Linde Teresa , Wesolowski Alexander J. , Conti Alberto G. , Evans Alexander C. , Baird Tarrion , Morris Benjamin I. , Fletcher Nicole E. , Yang Jie , Poon Edmund , Lakins Matthew A. , Yamamoto Masahiro , Brewis Neil , Morrow Michelle , Roychoudhuri Rahul
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Treg) are highly enriched within many tumors and suppress immune responses to cancer. There is intense interest in reprogramming Tregs to contribute to antitumor immunity. OX40 and CD137 are expressed highly on Tregs, activated and memory T cells, and NK cells. In this study, using a novel bispecific antibody targeting mouse OX40 and CD137 (FS120m), we show that OX40/CD137 bispecific agonism induces potent antitumor immunity partially dependent upon IFNγ production by functionally reprogrammed Tregs. Treatment of tumor-bearing animals with OX40/CD137 bispecific agonists reprograms Tregs into both fragile Foxp3+ IFNγ+ Tregs with decreased suppressive function and lineage-instable Foxp3− IFNγ+ ex-Tregs. Treg fragility is partially driven by IFNγ signaling, whereas Treg instability is associated with reduced IL2 responsiveness upon treatment with OX40/CD137 bispecific agonists. Importantly, conditional deletion of Ifng in Foxp3+ Tregs and their progeny partially reverses the antitumor efficacy of OX40/CD137 bispecific agonist therapy, revealing that reprogramming of Tregs into IFNγ-producing cells contributes to the anti-tumor efficacy of OX40/CD137 bispecific agonists. These findings provide insights into mechanisms by which bispecific agonist therapies targeting costimulatory receptors highly expressed by Tregs potentiate antitumor immunity in mouse models.
Significance:
The bispecific antibody FS120, an immunotherapy currently being tested in the clinic, partially functions by inducing anti-tumor activity of Tregs, which results in tumor rejection.
MDM2 is essential to maintain the homeostasis of epithelial cells by targeting p53
Authors: Wang Su , Zhong Shufen , Huang Ying , Zhu Songling , Chen Shuangfeng , Wang Ran , Wangmo Sonam , Peng Bo , Lv Houkun , Yang Jichao , Ma Liyan , Ling Zhiyang , Zhang Yaguang , Sui Pengfei , Sun Bing
Published: August 2024

Introduction: MDM2 is known as the primary negative regulator of p53, MDM2 promotes lung cancer fibrosis and lung injury through p53-dependent and p53-independent pathways. However, the mechanism by which MDM2 influences the pathogenesis of asthma is unknown. In this study, we investigated the function of MDM2 in lung epithelial cells in type 2 lung inflammation. Methods: We used type II alveolar epithelial cell-specific heterozygous knockout of Mdm2 mice to validate its function. Then papain-induced asthma model was established, and changes in inflammation were observed by measuring immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry analysis. Results: In this study, we knockdown the mouse Mdm2 gene in type 2 alveolar epithelial cells. We demonstrated that heterozygous Mdm2 gene-deleted mice were highly susceptible to protease allergen papain-induced pulmonary inflammation characterized by increased ILC2 numbers, IL-5 and IL-13 cytokine levels, and lung pathology. A mechanistic study showed that following the decreased expression of Mdm2 in lung epithelial cells and A549 cell line, p53 was overactivated, and the expression of its downstream genes p21, Puma, and Noxa was elevated, which resulted in apoptosis. After Mdm2 knockdown, the mRNA expression of inflammation-related gene IL-25, HMGB1 and TNF-α were increased, which further amplified the downstream ILC2 response and lung inflammation. Conclusion: These results indicate that Mdm2 maintains the homeostasis of lung epithelial cells by targeting P53, and regulate the function of lung epithelial cells under type 2 lung inflammation.
Um discurso sobre a propriedade poética: épos, paraplokḗ e metapoiḗsis na Teognideia
Authors: Brunhara Rafael
Published: August 2024

Este artigo apresenta um comentário aos versos 20-21 da chamada “Elegia do Selo” de Teógnis (os versos 19 a 26 da Teognideia), visando mostrar como a Teognideia alude a expedientes de uma poética própria às performances no simpósio grego arcaico.
LÓPEZ FÉREZ, Juan Antonio, ed. 2015. Galeno, Lengua, composición literaria, léxico, estilo
Authors: Rachid Rodolfo José Rocha
Published: August 2024

Resenha.
Lance Pettitt’s The Last Bohemian: a snapshot of Hurst’s status as a filmmaker
Authors: Araújo Noélia Borges de
Published: August 2024

Pettitt, Lance. The Last Bohemian: Brian Desmond Hurst, Irish and British Cinema. New York: Syracuse University Press, 2023. P. 312. ISBN-13: ‎ 978-0815637295.
The Independence of Ireland in the Provincial Press: Laurence Ginnell and the Irish Diplomatic Mission in Argentina (1921)
Authors: Rodríguez Jeremías Daniel
Published: August 2024

No contexto das negociações para a assinatura do Tratado Anglo-Irlandês, Laurence Ginnell, um membro nacionalista do Parlamento Irlandês (Teachta Dála), chegou a Buenos Aires no final de julho de 1921 com o objetivo de arrecadar dinheiro para a causa irlandesa, intensificar a campanha de propaganda e expandir a rede diplomática na América Latina. Os principais jornais de Buenos Aires, com exceção do jornal comunitário The Southern Cross — consideraram a chegada do diplomata de pouca relevância, mas o que aconteceu com a imprensa da província? Este artigo tenta descrever como os jornais das províncias, especialmente os de Entre Ríos e Santa Fé, refletiram as ações da equipe diplomática irlandesa na Argentina. Três importantes jornais da região serão analisados: La Acción e El Diario de Paraná e o jornal de Santa Fe, da capital de mesmo nome.
Abstract P177: The Relationship between Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Due to cardiac Etiology and Medical History of Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Kikushima Kimio , Nagao Ken , Sakamoto Tetsuya , Igarashi Masaki , Ishimatsu Shinichi , Sato Akira , Hori Shingo , Kanesaka Shigeru , Hamabe Yuichi , Kitamura Nobuya
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND
Sudden cardiac arrest is a leading cause of death in the world. Although a strong chain of survival has improved outcomes, few data of medical history are available for patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.

METHODS
We investigated the relationship between cardiovascular medical histories and incidence of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest due to cardiac etiology from the SOS-KANTO study (

Lancet

2007
;
369

). A total of 9,232 adult patients whose medical histories at the time of cardiac arrest were recorded were divided into 2 groups according to the Utstein style reporting guidelines (cardiac arrest due to cardiac etiology group vs. non-cardiac etiology group).

RESULTS
Of the 9,232 patients, 5,785 (63%) were caused by cardiac etiology. Of those 5,785 patients, 45% had the medical histories with cardiovascular disease including 17.4% hypertension, 14.9% diabetes, 12.4% ischemic heart disease, 8.7% cerebrovascular disease and 4.5% heart failure. The cardiac etiology group had significantly higher proportions of the total cardiovascular medical histories and each cardiovascular medical history without cerebrovascular disease than the non-cardiac etiology group. The adjusted hazard ratio for cardiac arrest due to cardiac etiology after heart failure was 5.1 (95%CI; 3.5 to 7.3), after ischemic heart disease; 5.0 (95%CI; 4.0 to 6.2), after diabetes; 2.1 (95%CI; 1.8 to 2.5), and after hypertension; 1.4 (95%CI; 1.3 to 1.6). Furthermore, the adjusted hazard ratio was after 1 cardiovascular medical history was 2.0 (95%CI; 1.8 to 2.2), after 2 histories; 2.9 (95%CI; 2.4 to 3.6), after 3 or more histories; 5.3 (95%CI; 3.2 to 9.1). Especially, incidence of cardiac arrest in patients with medical history of diabetes plus ischemic heart disease or heart failure was more than 10 times higher than that with no cardiovascular medical history.

CONCLUSIONS
Each cardiovascular medical history was associated with an increasing incidence of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest due to cardiac etiology, and the incidence increased in a stepwise fashion among patients in increasing number of cardiovascular medical histories. Especially, the overlaps of diabetes plus ischemic heart disease or heart failure were high risk factors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.