bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Application of B-spline basis functions as harmonic functions for the concurrent shape and mesh morphing of airfoils
Authors: Nikolos Ioannis K. , Lygidakis Georgios N. , Leloudas Stavros N. , Tavla Sofia
Published: October 2024

The automatic deformation of the computational mesh along with the deformed geometry in design optimization cycles is a valuable procedure, as it reduces the required time for the construction of new meshes. The introduction of harmonic coordinates for the deformation of objects included within a closed mesh (cage) has been introduced in computer graphics. Harmonic coordinates result from solutions to the Laplace’s equation (harmonic functions) using a numerical solver. In this work, a modification to the classical harmonic coordinates’ concept is introduced for the deformation of 2D geometries (and the corresponding computational mesh) which are defined as B-spline curves. The B-spline basis functions are used as harmonic functions along the mesh boundary, being also the geometry to be deformed. Thus, any deformation of the B-spline boundary, through the movement of the curve’s control points, can be successfully propagated to the interior of the computational domain, resulting in the concurrent and conformable modification of the B-spline boundary and the entire computational mesh. For the computation of harmonic coordinates a node-centered Finite-Volume based Laplace solver for unstructured meshes is used, enhanced with an agglomeration multigrid scheme. The proposed method is applied and assessed for the shape and mesh morphing of airfoils.
Transforming Healthcare Delivery: The Role of Collaborations, Innovations, and Technologies in Addressing the Nursing Shortage
Authors: Anako Chizoba I. , Perkins Emory L. , Williams Janice K.
Published: October 2024

Amidst the current nursing crisis, nurse educators and practitioners are pivotal, necessitating innovative collaborations and partnerships to elevate healthcare models. To address the intricacies of our healthcare system nationwide, it is imperative to explore inventive approaches. With the advent of artificial intelligence (AI), nursing practice is set to advance significantly in the modern healthcare landscape. AI has the potential to transform healthcare delivery, improve patient outcomes, and redefine the nursing role. One of the strategies to enhance healthcare models involves technology integration. Partnering with technology companies can facilitate developing and implementing advanced simulations, telehealth platforms, and remote monitoring devices through AI. By automating routine tasks, AI enhances nursing efficiency, allowing nurses to concentrate on urgent patient care. Furthermore, AI can improve the quality and accuracy of nursing diagnoses and interventions by providing real-time information and evidence-based recommendations. Patients can also benefit from AI-driven virtual assistants that aid in accessing medication information, expanding knowledge of self-care practice, and addressing healthcare inquiries.The recent approval by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to integrate AI technologies into the medical sector highlights AI's potential to enhance healthcare services and reduce health risks. Collaborations among research, healthcare, and academic institutions are crucial for transformative changes. Research should focus on nursing staffing ratios, strategies to enhance job satisfaction, and practical nursing models to improve patient outcomes and relieve the burden of administrative and clinical tasks on individual nurses.Furthermore, healthcare and academic institutions should implement comprehensive employee wellness programs. These initiatives should prioritize mental health, stress management, and work-life balance to enhance nurses' well-being and reduce burnout and turnover.
An Innovative Partnership to Recruit and Retain Mental Health Nursing Clinical: Initial Results
Authors: Cornelius Sheryl , Costner JoAndrea , Schoolmeesters Laree
Published: October 2024

The aim of this innovative partnership project between a school of nursing (SON) and a metropolitan healthcare system is threefold. First is to increase retention rates of mental health Clinical Instructor Partners (CIP). Second is to evaluate nursing student satisfaction with the CIP and finally, is to assess student NCLEX-RN first time pass rates after a CIP-led mental health clinical. Increased first-time NCLEX rates will provide more registered nurses.
Current Status of Chinese Medicine Nursing in Japan: A Narrative Literature Review
Authors: Hohashi Naohiro , Yokoyama Nami , Ota Hiroko , Watanabe Mikio , Hirano Nobuko , Matsuki Sakura , Watsuji Taketo
Published: October 2024

In Japan, education in Chinese medicine nursing is not officially recognized, but the knowledge, techniques, and ideas of Chinese medicine nursing are considered to be an essential area of modern nursing. The purpose of this study was to clarify the current state of Chinese medicine nursing in Japan through a narrative review of Japanese literature. Using Ichushi-Web, a Japanese medical literature database, a search was conducted for original articles using the keyword “Chinese medicine nursing,” yielded 50 hits. All literature was collected and carefully read, and seven articles on Chinese medicine nursing in Japan were narratively reviewed. Of these, three articles concerned education in Chinese medicine nursing and four related to research. In terms of education, the educational effects of Chinese medicine nursing, which was introduced on a trial basis, were observed, but the trustworthiness of the evaluation of its outcomes was unclear. One issue was securing of educators for Chinese medicine nursing. In terms of research, Chinese medicine nursing was practiced for palliative care patients, outpatients with insomnia, and expectant mothers, but the trustworthiness of the evaluation of its outcomes was unclear. Certified Nurse Specialists in Japan are expected to combine cure and care in their practice, and application of Chinese medicine nursing is feasible. In the future, it will be necessary to propagate Chinese medicine nursing, which takes into account the constitution of the patient and emphasizes the patient’s natural healing powers.
Hyperthermia-mediated cell death via deregulation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase and c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase signaling
Authors: Enomoto Atsushi , Fukasawa Takemichi , Yoshizaki Ayumi
Published: October 2024

Hyperthermia is a promising anticancer treatment that induces heat stress, thereby stimulating various signal transduction pathways to maintain cellular homeostasis. Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) associate various extracellular stimuli with cytoplasmic and nuclear mediators through a three-tiered cascade of kinases, including MAPKs, MAP2Ks, and MAP3Ks. In mammals, three major groups of MAPKs have been characterized: extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases (ERK1/2), p38 MAPKs (α, β, γ, and δ), and c-Jun NH2-terminal kinases (JNK1/2/3). Each group of MAPKs is activated by heat and exhibits distinct biological functions. Recent studies have indicated that in hyperthermia, MAPK signaling pathways regulate cell survival and death in unique ways. This review offers a concise overview of the MAPK signaling pathway, specifically ERK and JNK, focusing on their relevance in cancer, interplay with heat shock proteins or phosphatases, and current understanding of the MAPK signaling pathway in hyperthermia.
Synergistic effects of antimicrobial components of the human-derived composite amnion-chorion membrane on bacterial growth
Authors: Brummerhop Alexandra Su , Lee Chun-Teh , Weltman Robin , Tribble Gena D. , van der Hoeven Ransome , Chiu Yulun , Hong Jianming , Wang Bing-Yan
Published: October 2024

Introduction

The human-derived amnion-chorion membrane (ACM) has endogenous antimicrobial properties, which are important for preventing the colonization and survival of oral bacteria on exposed membranes. This project aimed to decipher the underlying mechanism by identifying the components of ACM that confer antibacterial properties. In addition, the antimicrobial efficacy of these identified components on oral bacteria was assessed.

Methods

Four antimicrobial proteins, histone H2A/H2B, cathelicidin LL-37, lactoferrin, and lysozyme, were identified via mass spectrometry in ACM. These proteins were then assessed for their efficacy in killing Streptococcus gordonii Challis. Log-phased bacterial cells were cultured with the commercially available proteins that were identified in ACM, either individually or in combination, at different concentrations. After incubation for 8 or 24 hours, the bacteria were stained with a live/dead viability kit and analyzed via confocal microscopy.

Results

The combination of these proteins effectively killed S. gordonii in a dose-dependent fashion after 8 or 24 hours of incubation. When each protein was tested individually, it killed S. gordonii at a much lower efficacy relative to the combinations. The synergistic effects of the antimicrobial protein combinations were also observed in both the viable cell count recovery and minimum inhibitory concentration assays.

Discussion

By shedding light on the mechanisms in the ACM’s antimicrobial property, this study may raise more awareness of the potential benefit of utilization of a membrane with endogenous antimicrobial properties in regeneration surgeries.
Association between plasma trimethylamine N-oxide and coronary heart disease: new insights on sex and age differences
Authors: Sun Yangyang , Lin Xipeng , Liu Zhihao , Hu Lihua , Sun Pengfei , Shen Geng , Fan Fangfang , Zhang Yan , Li Jianping
Published: October 2024

Aim

Elevated plasma trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) is related to atherosclerosis. Whether the relationship of TMAO and coronary heart disease (CHD) is influenced by sex or age is uncertain. We aim to explore the sex and age differences in the relationship between plasma TMAO and CHD risk and severity.

Methods

A case–control study was conducted in patients undergoing elective coronary angiography. Matched by sex, age (±2 years), and operation date (±180 days), a total of 429 CHD case–control pairs were included. Plasma TMAO was quantified using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate the association between plasma TMAO and CHD risk and severity.

Results

The overall median (interquartile range) plasma TMAO level was 0.11 (0.06–0.18) μg/ml. After stratification by sex and age, and adjustment for common CHD risk factors, the association between TMAO and CHD risk was significant in the older (≥65 years) male subgroup [odds ratios (OR) = 1.57, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.09–2.28, P = 0.016], but not in other sex–age subgroups (all P > 0.05). The relationship of plasma TMAO and CHD risk was modified by age (adjusted Pinteraction = 0.001) in male individuals. Plasma TMAO was also associated with a higher risk of multi-vessel disease in male patients with CHD (OR = 1.65, 95% CI: 1.18–2.32, P = 0.004), but not in females.

Conclusions

Plasma TMAO is significantly positively associated with the risk and severity of CHD in Chinese men. Age has an interactive effect on the relationship between plasma TMAO and CHD risk in men. Our findings warrant further investigation.
Case Report: A case of primary pericardial mesothelioma treated with multimodal combined therapy
Authors: Gong Jinlan , Wu Xiaofeng , Wang Jiehua
Published: October 2024

Background

Primary pericardial mesothelioma (PMPM) is a rare, aggressive, and lethal form of cancer. Due to its rarity, low incidence and poor prognosis, PMPM has no accepted standard-of-care treatment options with management and outcomes often extrapolated from diffuse pleural mesothelioma. Disease-specific studies are needed to better define PMPM. We report a case of PMPM highlighting the potential role for multimodal combined therapy.

Case report

The patient is a 62 years old female who had nonspecific syndromes and inconclusive image findings in May 2023. Then monthly follow-up echocardiography was performed. Two months later, cardiac ultrasound showed pericardial fluid. Pericardiocentesis with pericardial drain was performed. The fluid was bloody, cultivations for tuberculosis were negative and cytological analysis of the fluid showed no malignant cells. Positron emission tomography-computed tomography revealed that the lesion was localized at the anterior and left part of the mediastinum without distant metastasis. Followed up a pericardiectomy was operated. The diagnosis of PMPM is determined by pathological and immunohistochemical evaluation of tissue specimens. Postoperative patient experienced chest pain, right shoulder and upper limb swelling and pain. Pain management and anticoagulant therapy were administered. The patient underwent multimodal therapy consisting of surgical resection, six cycles of chemotherapy (carboplatin plus pemetrexed) in combination with pembrolizumab, and sequential adjuvant intensity-modulated radiation therapy, totaling 50 Gy in 25 fractions, as the first-line treatment, resulting in complete relief of symptoms and satisfactory outcomes with no complications. Presently, the tumor is under local control, with no signs of distant metastasis, and maintenance immunotherapy is scheduled. Continued observation is necessary for monitoring subsequent disease progression.

Conclusion

PMPM represents a distinct disease with no universally accepted treatment options. The case suggests that multimodal treatment may improve outcomes in selected patients with PMPM.
The association between circulating saturated fatty acids and thyroid function: results from the NHANES 2011−2012
Authors: Zhao Wei , Peng Xinnan , Liu Yazhuo , Li Shen , Li Xinyu , Gao Zhengnan , Han Cheng , Zhu Zizhao
Published: October 2024

Background

Excessive saturated fatty acids (SFAs) are known to be detrimental to human health. Although the majority of research and dietary guidelines have focused on the intake of SFAs, there has been limited attention to the relationship between circulating SFA levels and hormonal regulation, such as that of thyroid hormones.

Methods

To explore potential associations, we conducted an investigation with 579 participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011–2012. Subgroup analyses and multivariable linear regression models were used to estimate the relationships between eleven distinct SFA concentrations and various thyroid parameters.

Results

For 579 adults, subgroup analysis of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) revealed significant differences in nine specific SFAs and the total SFA levels (all p < 0.05). Furthermore, multivariable linear regression analysis identified positive correlations between certain SFAs and various parameters, including TSH, total triiodothyronine (TT3), free triiodothyronine (FT3), thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPOAb), thyroglobulin antibodies (TgAb), thyroglobulin (Tg), the ratio of FT3 to free thyroxine (FT4) (FT3/FT4), and the thyrotroph T4 resistance index (TT4RI). Conversely, negative correlations were observed between certain SFAs and total thyroxine (TT4), FT4, the ratio of FT3/TT3, and the thyroid feedback quantile-based index (TFQI) (all p < 0.05).

Conclusion

These findings collectively suggest associations between SFAs and thyroid parameters, highlighting the need for future studies to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of these interactions.
A new subtype of Lynch syndrome associated with MSH2 c.354T>A (p. Y118*) identified in a Chinese family: case report and literature review
Authors: Zhong Lan , Wang Wenxiang , Duan Yuanqiong , Song Liang , Li Zhanghuan , Yang Kaixuan , Li Qintong , Yin Rutie
Published: October 2024

Background

Lynch syndrome (LS) is an autosomal dominant inherited disorder caused by mutations in mismatch repair genes. Genetic counseling is crucial for the prevention and treatment of LS, as individuals with these mutations have an increased lifetime risk of developing multiple cancers. MutS Homolog 2 (MSH2) is a protein-coding gene that plays a key role in LS. A significant number of LS cases are linked to harmful heterozygous mutations in the MSH2 gene.

Case Presentation

The proband was a 50-year-old endometrial dedifferentiated carcinoma patient with a dMMR/MSI-H tumor negative for MSH2/MSH6 expression by immunohistochemistry. Genetic counseling and tumor gene testing were conducted using next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology, which revealed a previously unknown germline MSH2 gene nonsense mutation NM_000251.2:exon2.354T>A (p.Y118*), leading to a diagnosis of LS. Further analysis of this variant in five family members of the patient confirmed its presence in all individuals, with one family member being diagnosed with colorectal cancer (CRC) at the age of 43. The proband received postoperative chemoradiotherapy and achieved a disease-free survival of 2 years, with ongoing follow-up.

Conclusion

This study provides evidence that the MSH2 nonsense mutation c.354T>A is a highly likely pathogenic mutation and is responsible for typical LS-associated endometrial carcinoma. It emphasizes the importance of genetic counseling for proband family members to facilitate early diagnosis of LS-related carcinoma.
Fine spatio-temporal prediction of fishing time using big data
Authors: Zhao Yizhi , Chen Peng , Zheng Gang , Wang Difeng , Yang Jingsong , Li Xiunan , Luo Dan
Published: October 2024

Overfishing, bycatch, and other anthropogenic threats may lead to the destruction of fragile habitats and substantial losses of marine life. Marine fishery resources can be protected by adjusting fishing intensity and establishing marine reserves. Currently, China adopts the closed fishing season management approach to protect traditional fishing grounds, where fine spatio-temporal prediction is essential to efficiently supervise the wide scope. Fishing vessel behaviors reflect fishers’ experience as well as the information provided by fish detection radar, while the fishery resource distribution is relevant to the marine environment. In this study, we identified fishing vessel behaviors (gillnets, trawls, purse seines, and abnormal behaviors) and qualitatively assessed and predicted fishing time of different fishing vessel behaviors to search for high intensity fishing operation areas by constructing a time-space prediction model. The model was based on big data of fishing vessel automatic identification systems and3 the marine environment, and was verified in the East China Sea. The prediction results generally corresponded with the distribution of traditional fishery resources in the East China Sea and the fishing efforts provided by the Global Fishing Watch. This model can provide an accurate and effective refined fishing vessel operation time prediction, and benefits fishing management and fishery resources protection.
Characteristics of dynamic mechanics and energy loss in reef limestone concrete during dry-wet carbonation periods
Authors: Li Jian , Li Fei , Mao Mingju , Zhang Jinrui , Fan Ran
Published: October 2024

Coral reef limestone is a unique type of rock and soil body characterized by high porosity. Its dynamic mechanical properties under impact loads differ significantly from those of conventional land-sourced aggregate concrete.This study utilizes coral reef limestone as both coarse and fine aggregates to prepare C40 strength concrete. The research investigates the effects of dry-wet carbonation cycles on its dynamic mechanical behavior and energy evolution characteristics using a Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar (SHPB) mechanical testing system.The findings reveal that increasing the number of dry-wet carbonation cycles leads to a significant weakening of the internal structural bonding in coral reef limestone concrete. Notably, the degree of phenolphthalein color change diminishes, while uniaxial compressive strength and tensile strength demonstrate an overall downward trend. The reduction in tensile strength is less pronounced than the decrease in compressive strength. Additionally, the relative dynamic elastic modulus gradually decreases, and a size effect is noted, with a rapid acceleration in mass loss. As the number of dry-wet carbonation cycles increases, dynamic compressive strength declines, and failure modes shift from surface cracking to crush-type failure.The dynamic increase factor (DIF) of the coral reef limestone concrete indicates a high sensitivity to strain rate, with a significant rise in DIF value as the strain rate increases. Various energies generated under impact load exhibit clear strain rate effects. Furthermore, the effects of dry-wet carbonation cycling enhance energy dissipation, especially at 30 cycles, where energy dissipation increases sharply, while a hindering effect on transmitted energy is observed.
Comparative analysis of response surface methodology and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system for predictive fault detection and optimization in beverage industry
Authors: Onokwai Anthony O. , Olusanya Olamide O. , Onifade Morakinyo K. , Anyaegbuna Benjamin E. , Onoriode Avbenake , Agholor Darlington
Published: October 2024

Maintenance is crucial for ensuring equipment reliability and minimizing downtime while managing associated costs. This study investigates a data-driven approach to predicting machine faults using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS). RSM was employed to develop a mathematical model to analyze how operational parameters such as pressure, voltage, current, vibration, and temperature affect fault occurrence. Data were collected at three levels for each parameter using a central composite design. The model identified that faults peaked at a pressure of 28.38 N/m2, an operating voltage of 431.77 V, current consumption of 12.54 A, machine vibration of 47.17 Hz, and temperature of 25°C, with a maximum of 25 faults observed. Conversely, the lowest fault detection occurred at a pressure of 29.42 N/m2, an operating voltage of 441.04 V, current consumption of 12.04 A, machine vibration of 49.46 Hz, and temperature of 46.5°C. A strong correlation was found between these parameters and machine faults, with the model achieving high accuracy (R2 = 98.22%) and statistical significance (p-value <0.05), demonstrating its reliability in predicting faults. The study also compared RSM with ANFIS for fault detection and process optimization in the beverage industry. While RSM effectively optimized parameter relationships, ANFIS, with its adaptive learning capabilities, provided superior fault prediction accuracy. This comparative analysis highlighted the strengths of both methods and suggested that integrating them could enhance predictive maintenance strategies. The findings offer valuable insights for industry practitioners, recommending a combined approach to improve fault detection, optimize production processes, and enhance operational efficiency.
Ocular manifestations for misdiagnosing acute angle closure secondary to lens subluxation
Authors: Wang Xinyu , Wang Qian , Song Wenqi , Yang Yu , Zhang Ruixuan , Lifen Gao , Lu Hui
Published: October 2024

Introduction

The objective of this study was to assess the clinical characteristics and biometric parameters, as measured by the IOLMaster, of patients suffering from acute secondary angle closure due to zonular dialysis (ASAC-ZD) who were misdiagnosed with acute primary angle closure (APAC).

Methods

In this retrospective study, 34 ASAC-ZD and 39 APAC eyes were examined. Sex, age, best-corrected visual acuity, axial length (AL), anterior chamber depth (ACD), anterior chamber depth standard deviation (ACDSD), lens thickness (LT), and lens thickness standard deviation (LTSD) were measured using the IOLMaster and compared between the two groups. In addition, the difference in ACD (ACD difference) between the affected eye and the contralateral eye was analyzed. Logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the predictive factors of lens subluxation. To determine the appropriate cutoff values for biometric parameters, ROC curves were constructed to distinguish between ASAC-ZD, APAC, and cataracts.

Results

Compared to the APAC group, the ASAC-ZD group was younger (69.92 ± 9.345, 63.74 ± 6.947), had longer AL (22.39 ± 0.7852, 23.23 ± 1.168), shallower ACD (2.120 ± 0.2986, 1.889 ± 0.5167), higher ACDSD (7.605 ± 5.425, 9.941 ± 6.120), higher LTSD (28.00 ± 19.52, 39.79 ± 22.74), and larger ACD differences (−0.1249 ± 0.2349, −0.7306 ± 0.5332) in the affected eye. Younger age, longer AL, lower ACD, higher LTSD, and higher ACD differences were associated with lens subluxation in the univariate logistic regression analysis. ACD difference (p = 0.0003), age (p = 0.0024), and ACD (p = 0.0491) were significantly associated with lens subluxation in the multivariable logistic regression analysis. Furthermore, the ROC curve analysis showed that the cutoff values for lens subluxation were a difference in ACD of 0.225 mm and 1.930 mm.

Conclusion

Asymmetric ACD in both eyes with normal AL and increasing ACDSD and LTSD may support the clinical diagnosis of lens subluxation.
Prescribing sustainability: should UN sustainable development goals be part of the medical, pharmacy, and biomedical education?
Authors: Wieërs Grégoire , Absil Simon , Maystadt Isabelle , Nicaise Charles , Modrie Pauline , Sibille François-Xavier , Melly Ludovic , Dogné Jean-Michel
Published: October 2024

Introduction

How to adapt the curriculum of medicine, pharmacy, and biomedical sciences to prepare future health professionals to meet the challenge of maintaining quality care in a period of socio-ecological crisis? Addressing connections between humanity and sustainable environment should include an analysis of the reciprocal influence of various ecosystems, since it is now clear that healthcare systems have an impact on ecosystems and vice versa. Here, we propose that integrating the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) into the curriculum could be a first step in such a transversal education.

Methods

Members of the faculty of medicine at the University of Namur, Belgium, including teaching staff of the department of medicine, pharmacy, biomedical sciences and psychology, were invited to respond anonymously to a questionnaire about their views on the feasibility of integrating the SDGs into their teaching. A subsequent survey on students’ perceptions of such teaching was conducted by student representatives.

Results

Seventy-nine percent of surveyed members of the medical faculty believe that it is possible to integrate SDGs into their lectures. However, 44–86% of them did not know how to integrate each individual goal. 94.4% of students would like SDGs to play a greater role in their education; 64.4% of them would integrate them into existing modules; 23.9% would create an optional module, and 11.9% would create a mandatory module.

Conclusion

Sustainable Development Goals integration into the curriculum of medicine, pharmacy, and biomedical sciences is perceived as challenging in a dense teaching program. To clarify how SDGs can translate into traditional lectures, we provide for each SDG targeted applications for bachelor’s, master’s and continuing education.
Gait analysis in the early stage of Parkinson’s disease with a machine learning approach
Authors: Yin Wenchao , Zhu Wencheng , Gao Hong , Niu Xiaohui , Shen Chenxin , Fan Xiangmin , Wang Cui
Published: October 2024

Background

Gait disorder is a prominent motor symptom in Parkinson’s disease (PD), objective and quantitative assessment of gait is essential for diagnosing and treating PD, particularly in its early stage.

Methods

This study utilized a non-contact gait assessment system to investigate gait characteristics between individuals with PD and healthy controls, with a focus on early-stage PD. Additionally, we trained two machine learning models to differentiate early-stage PD patients from controls and to predict MDS-UPDRS III score.

Results

Early-stage PD patients demonstrated reduced stride length, decreased gait speed, slower stride and swing speeds, extended turning time, and reduced cadence compared to controls. Our model, after an integrated analysis of gait parameters, accurately identified early-stage PD patients. Moreover, the model indicated that gait parameters could predict the MDS-UPDRS III score using a machine learning regression approach.

Conclusion

The non-contact gait assessment system facilitates the objective and quantitative evaluation of gait disorder in PD patients, effectively distinguishing those in the early stage from healthy individuals. The system holds significant potential for the early detection of PD. It also harnesses gait parameters for a reasoned prediction of the MDS-UPDRS III score, thereby quantifying disease severity. Overall, gait assessment is a valuable method for the early identification and ongoing monitoring of PD.
Baseline and interim 18F-FDG PET/CT metabolic parameters predict the efficacy and survival in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
Authors: Liao Chengcheng , Deng Qifeng , Zeng Lin , Guo Baoping , Li Zhe , Zhou Da , Ke Qing , Wang Mingyue , Huang Mei , Tan Xiaohong , Cen Hong
Published: October 2024

Introduction

The prognostic value of 18F-FDG PET/CT metabolic parameters, such as metabolic tumor volume (MTV) and total lesion glycolysis (TLG), in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) remains inadequately explored. This study aims to assess the correlation between these parameters and patient outcomes.

Methods

A cohort of 156 DLBCL patients underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging at baseline and after 3-4 cycles of R-CHOP or CHOP-like regimen. The third quartiles of liver uptake values were used as thresholds for calculating MTV and TLG. Patient outcomes were analyzed based on Ann Arbor staging and the 5-PS score. A nomogram was developed to predict overall survival (OS).

Results

Patients with low baseline TLG exhibited significantly better outcomes compared to those with high baseline TLG in both Ann Arbor stages I-II and III-IV (1-year PFS: 78.9% vs. 40%, p=0.016; OS: 94.7% vs. 40%, p=0.005 for stage I-II; 1-year PFS: 74.1% vs. 46.8%, p=0.014; OS: 85.4% vs. 71.8%, p=0.007 for stage III-IV). In interim PET/CT patients with a 5-PS score >3, the high ΔTLG group had superior prognosis (1-year PFS: 82.3% vs. 35.7%, p=0.003; OS: 88.2% vs. 85.7%, p=0.003). The nomogram achieved a C-index of 0.9 for OS prediction.

Discussion

The findings suggest that baseline TLG is a robust prognostic indicator for patients with DLBCL, particularly in early stages, while ΔTLG effectively distinguishes those with favorable outcomes in higher-risk groups. These metabolic parameters from 18F-FDG PET/CT could enhance treatment decision-making and patient management strategies.
Impact of albumin infusion on prognosis in ICU patients with cirrhosis and AKI: insights from the MIMIC-IV database
Authors: Li Mengqi , Ge Yidi , Wang Jingjing , Chen Wenya , Li Jiashuo , Deng You , Xie Wen
Published: October 2024

Background

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is common in cirrhotic patients, especially in the intensive care unit (ICU), and is often associated with poor prognosis. Albumin is often used for plasma volume expansion, but its efficacy in cirrhotic patients with AKI [excluding hepatorenal syndrome (HRS)] is debated. This study aimed to assess the impact of albumin therapy on prognosis in ICU patients with cirrhosis and non-HRS AKI.

Methods

A retrospective analysis was conducted using the MIMIC-IV 2.2 database. The primary endpoint was 28-day mortality. Inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) was used to balance baseline characteristics between the albumin and non-albumin groups.

Results

A total of 1,623 patients were included, with 586 receiving albumin. After IPTW, the sample sizes were 1,713 in the non-albumin group and 1,490 in the albumin group. Albumin administration was associated with higher rates of AKI recovery at 48 h but did not improve 28-day mortality in the overall cohort. Further analysis revealed that using 5% albumin concentration was associated with improved 28-day mortality (HR 0.68; 95% CI 0.49–0.95; p = 0.025), whereas 25% albumin did not show benefit. In patients with high bilirubin levels, albumin treatment significantly reduced 28-day mortality. However, albumin therapy may increase 28-day mortality in certain subgroups, including patients with chronic kidney disease and baseline albumin levels >3.3 g/dL.

Conclusion

Although albumin therapy improved 28-day mortality in some cases, it may also increase mortality in certain subgroups. The use of albumin in critically ill patients with cirrhosis and AKI should be approached with greater consideration of its risks and benefits.
Effects of 8 days intake of hydrogen-rich water on muscular endurance performance and fatigue recovery during resistance training
Authors: Zhou Kaixiang , Yuan Chaoqun , Shang Zhangyuting , Jiao Wenhui , Wang Yubo
Published: October 2024

Background

Exercise-induced oxidative stress and inflammation can impair muscular function in humans. The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of molecular hydrogen (H2) highlight its potential to be as an effective nutritional supplement to support muscular function performance in healthy adults. However, the effects of H2 supplementation on muscular endurance performance in trained individuals have not been well characterized. This study aimed to assess the effects of intermittent hydrogen-rich water (HRW) supplementation before, during, and after resistance training on muscular endurance performance, neuromuscular status, and subjective perceptual responses after a 48-h recovery period.

Methods

This randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled cross-over study included 18 trained men aged 19.7 ± 0.9 years. Participants in this study were instructed to consume 1,920 mL of HRW or pure water (Placebo) daily for 7 days. Additionally, participants were required to supplement with HRW or pure water five times during the training day (1,260 mL total). This included drinking 210 mL 30 min and 1 min before training, 210 mL between training sets, 210 mL immediately after training, and 420 mL 30 min into the recovery period. Participants performed half-squat exercises with the load set at 70% of one repetition maximum for six sets (half-squat exercise performed to repetitions failure each set). We measured the power output and number of repetitions in the free barbell half-squat used to assess muscular endurance performance in participants. The countermovement jump (CMJ) height, total quality recovery scale (TQRS), and muscle soreness visual analog scale (VAS) scores were measured to assess fatigue recovery status after training, as well as at 24 and 48 h of recovery.

Results

The total power output (HRW: 50,866.7 ± 6,359.9W, Placebo: 46,431.0 ± 9,376.5W, p = 0.032) and the total number of repetitions (HRW:78.2 ± 9.5 repetitions, Placebo: 70.3 ± 9.5 repetitions, p = 0.019) in the H2 supplemented group were significantly higher than in the placebo group. However, there was no statistically significant difference (p< 0.05) between the H2 and placebo groups in CMJ, TQRS, and VAS.

Conclusion

Eight days of intermittent HRW intake could significantly improve muscular endurance performance in trained individuals, making it a promising strategy for athletes or fitness enthusiasts looking to boost muscular endurance during resistance training or competitions. However, it should be noted that HRW intake alone may not be adequate to accelerate recovery from muscle soreness or fatigue following high-intensity training.
The effect of live-performed music therapy with physical contact in preterm infants on parental perceived stress and salivary cortisol levels
Authors: Dewan Monia Vanessa , Ader Miriam , Kleinbeck Tim , Dathe Anne-Kathrin , Schedlowski Manfred , Engler Harald , Felderhoff-Mueser Ursula , Bruns Nora , Kobus Susann
Published: October 2024

Introduction

Parents of preterm infants face a stressful life event which might have long term impact on the parent–child relation as well as on the infant’s cognitive and socio-emotional development. Both music therapy (MT) and physical contact (PC) are stress-reducing interventions for parents and preterm infants on the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Meanwhile, especially close PC is considered as standard care (SC) in most NICUs. However, the effect of live performed MT with PC on parental perceived stress and cortisol levels has barely been investigated. We hypothesized that MT with PC leads to reduced stress levels and lower salivary cortisol concentrations compared to SC in parents of preterm infants during the first 4 weeks after birth.

Methods

Randomized-controlled trial enrolling the parents of 99 preterm infants (MT n = 50, SC n = 49 infants). The infants received either MT with PC or SC only. Perceived stress was measured with the perceived stress questionnaire 20 (PSQ-20) after birth and 4 weeks later. Salivary cortisol levels were obtained and measured weekly after birth for 4 weeks.

Results

Forty-two mothers and eight fathers of the intervention group (MT with PC) as well as n = 43 mothers and n = 6 fathers of the control group (SC) were enrolled. For the intervention group, salivary cortisol was reduced 4 weeks after birth [mothers 5.5 nmol/l (confidence interval (CI) 3.6–7.5); fathers 8.3 (CI 7.2–9.4)] compared to the control group [mothers 10.3 nmol/l (CI 5.4–15.3); fathers 14.8 (CI 8.9–20.7)]. Overall perceived stress scores decreased in the intervention group (mothers −17.6; fathers −12.6) and increased in the control group (mothers +6.1; fathers +21.4) over 4 weeks.

Discussion

Live-performed MT with PC in preterm infants might be an effective, non-invasive intervention to reduce parental stress and cortisol levels. Future studies should investigate the long-term effects of this intervention on the parent-infant relation as well as on the infants’ cognitive and socio-emotional development.

Clinical trial registration

https://drks.de/search/en/trial/DRKS00025755 identifier [DRKS00025755].
Neurofeedback technique for treating male schizophrenia patients with impulsive behavior: a randomized controlled study
Authors: Li Zhenkuo , Ren Hao , Tian Yinghan , Zhou Jiqian , Chen Wenhao , OuYang Guohua , Chen Zhaolai , Yi Wei , Song Hongli , Xie Peng , Wang Xinchun , Chen Xi , Xiao Qinglin , Liu Huanzhong
Published: October 2024

Background

Schizophrenia is one of the most severe mental disorders, frequently associated with aggression and violence, particularly in male patients. The underlying mechanisms of violent behavior in these patients remain unclear, limiting effective treatment options and highlighting the need for further research into interventions for impulsive behaviors. This study aims to evaluate the clinical efficacy of neurofeedback treatment in hospitalized male schizophrenia patients exhibiting impulsive behaviors.

Methods

The study was designed as a single-center, randomized, single-blind, sham-controlled parallel trial. Eighty patients were randomly assigned to either a study group or a control group. The control group received risperidone and sham neurofeedback, while the study group received risperidone and active neurofeedback therapy. Both groups underwent training five times per week, with each session lasting 20 minutes, over a six-week period. Clinical symptoms were assessed at baseline, three weeks and six weeks using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), the Modified Overt Aggression Scale (MOAS), and the Rating Scale for Extrapyramidal Side Effects (RSESE). Statistical analyses were conducted to compare the therapeutic effects between the two groups at the study’s conclusion.

Results

Initial comparisons showed no significant differences in baseline data, except for the number of prior hospitalizations (P<0.018). By the end of the study, the study group demonstrate significant improvements in MOAS and PANSS scores (including the Excited, Positive, Cognitive, and Depressive/Anxiety Components), with no significant changes in RSESE scores.

Discussion

Both time and group interactions were significant across most outcomes, underscoring the efficacy of neurofeedback in reducing the severity of impulsive behaviors and associated schizophrenia symptoms.

Clinical trial registration

chictr.org.cn, identifier ChiCTR2200063407
Knowledge, attitude, and practice towards breast self-examination among women: a web based community study
Authors: Kandasamy Geetha , Almaghaslah Dalia , Almanasef Mona , Alamri Raseel Dhafer Abdulhadi
Published: October 2024

Background

The most common form of cancer among women is breast cancer in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Thus, the purpose of this study was to evaluate women in Saudi Arabia’s Asir Region, on their knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) regarding breast self-examination (BSE).

Methods

The research was carried out cross-sectional and conducted from October 2023 to June 2024 in Saudi Arabia’s Asir province.

Results

Out of 397 study participants, 89 (22.4%) had good knowledge, and 308 (77.6%) had poor knowledge; 185 (46.6%) had a positive attitude, and 212 (53.4%) had a negative attitude 24 (6%) had good practice 373 (94%) had poor practice about breast BSE. According to study participants, social media, 204 (51.4%), radio, television, and newspapers were the best places to learn about BSE. In this study, 316 (79.6%) had heard of BSE. 230 (57.9%) stated that breast cancer patient’s likelihood of survival increases with early detection. Only 231 (58.2%) and 247 (62.2%) agreed that breast cancer is indicated by changes in the color and shape of the breast and retraction/discharge of the breasts, respectively. Out of 147, 24 (16.3%) self-examined just one week after each menstruation. Single (OR = 6.259; 95% CI = 1.790–21.887, p = 0.004) and married (OR = 4.923; 95% CI = 1.509–16.056, p = 0.008), Single (OR = 2.736; 95% CI = 1.248–6.000, p = 0.012) and married (OR = 3.176; 95% CI = 1.734–5.817, p = 0.00) were significantly associated with good knowledge and attitude of BSE, respectively. Illiterates (OR = 0.233; 95% CI = 0.060–0.895, p = 0.034), pre-university (OR = 0.222; 95% CI = 0.092–0.538, p = 0.001), Illiterates (OR = 0.293; 95% CI = 0.114–0.755, p = 0.011), pre-university (OR = 0.462; 95% CI = 0.271–0.788, p = 0.005) are less likely to have good knowledge and attitude compared to college and university educated.

Conclusion

The study revealed that few women have good knowledge, attitudes, and practices among BSE. In this study, attitude level is high in comparison to knowledge and practice. However, 94% never practiced at all. It is strongly advised that a focus be placed on improving women’s KAP regarding BSE, as well as BSE educational programs in universities and more community service activities such as health campaigns in public places.
Assessing the role of stakeholders in sustainable groundwater resources management using power-interest matrix (PIM): in Hamedan-Bahar plain, Iran
Authors: Sarami-Foroushani Taraneh , Balali Hamid , Movahedi Reza
Published: October 2024

Introduction

Moral Intelligence (MI) as a concept has gained importance Increasing water scarcity as a result of climate change and its coincidence with population growth, economic development, and the resulting rising demand has become an important challenge in most parts of the world. In numerous nations, such as Iran, frequent occurrences of droughts, combined with the extensive utilization of surface and groundwater resources, have resulted in numerous environmental detriments, including a decrease in groundwater levels, land subsidence, deterioration of water quality, and, more recently, the emergence of dust storms due to soil erosion and desertification. In this situation, stakeholders can play an efficient role in water management and the alleviation of water scarcity and its negative environmental externalities in the context of good water governance.

Method

This investigation endeavored to examine the functions and importance of individuals or groups with a vested interest in groundwater resources within the Hamedan-Bahar Plain. Additionally, it aimed to evaluate their influence and motivations through the utilization of the power-interest matrix (PIM) and important-performance matrix techniques. A total of 86 people were identified who could and were allowed to be interviewed through the snowball method. Then a 10-point scale questionnaire was used to rate the questions. To examine the power and interest of the stakeholders, the IPM test was carried out using the smart pls.3 software, and the results were classified based on the average values and the overall impact. The results reveal that 20 institutions and agencies have an effective role in the governance of groundwater resources in the Hamedan-Bahar plain. Furthermore, the analysis of the PIM revealed that the most powerful organizations that play the most important role in the management of the groundwater resources of the studied area are the regional water organization, the representatives of the parliament, and the governor, respectively.

Results and discussion

Based on the research findings, the governance “power” index of organizations and institutions with power (39.77%) and total impact (0.516) is higher and more effective than the value of benefits with power (36.13%) and total impact (0.48). Accordingly, paying attention to the role and influence of the power of stakeholders will be an important and effective point in the plans and strategies for groundwater resources in the Hamadan-Bahar plain. In the end, strategies are suggested to each stakeholder for better implementation of the programs and strategies.
Preferences for processed tomato products’ attributes: an explorative analysis of Italian consumers using a large sample
Authors: Cammarelle Antonella , Bimbo Francesco , De Devitiis Biagia , Latino Maria Elena , Corallo Angelo , Viscecchia Rosaria
Published: October 2024

Introduction

Price competition in the tomato market may lead Italian processing companies to adopt product differentiation strategies to attract consumers and raise revenues. Exploring consumers’ preferences for processed tomato products’ attributes can support companies in implementing product differentiation strategies and succeed in the market.

Methods

This study used a convenience sample of 602 Italian consumers to identify consumers’ preferences for processed tomato products’ attributes selected through a literature review and tested by the Best Worst Scaling (BWS) method. Also, a two-step cluster analysis was used to identify and size consumer groups with common preferences for tested product’s attributes.

Results

Overall, our results showed that Italian consumers of processed tomato products strongly preferred attributes such as Country of origin, Organic, and Social and economic sustainability labels. In addition, the analysis shows the existence of three distinct consumer segments such as “traditional,” “price-sensitive,” and “sustainable” consumers. The largest one was price-sensitive consumers followed by sustainable and traditional ones.

Discussion

Our findings have practical implications for producers and policymakers. Producers may use claims about the product’s origin jointly with an organic production logo and ethical label to differentiate their products and raise revenues. Likewise, policymakers should enhance monitoring and control measures to ensure with environmental, social, and economic sustainable standards compliance. This will support building consumer trust for those credence attributes. Overall, this study adds valuable insights to the existing literature on consumer preferences for processed tomato products, providing results with high external validity using a large convenience sample.