bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study on the Spatial Morphology of Ando Tibetan Traditional Villages in China: A Case of Traditional Villages in Huangnan Prefecture
Authors: Feng Xiaogang , Hu Moqing , Somenahalli Sekhar , Zhang Wenbin , Liu Kunyan , Li Meng , Zhou Zaihui , Li Fengxia
Published: February 2025

Traditional villages (TVs) are physical manifestations of traditional culture, and their spatial structure embodies the essence of regional culture. The spatial form of TVs in the Ando Tibetan area can be used to understand the historical evolution, turnover, and inheritance of traditional culture in the region. This study uses four typical TVs in the Huangnan Prefecture (HNP). Using the fractal theory, spatial syntax theory, GIS, and geomorphological statistical analysis, this study analyses the spatial morphology structure of TVs of the Huangnan Tibetans. Analyses are conducted from the perspectives of external morphology and internal structure. A quantitative system of spatial morphology of TVs is constructed. This study found that three out of the four sample villages in the HNP have high fractal values (>1.5046) and belong to the strongly structured agglomeration morphology regarding overall morphological characteristics. Furthermore, the public space patches exhibit a more complex spatial morphology and typical fractal characteristics. The morphological characteristics of the village boundaries in the four sample villages exhibit band-like, mass-like, and point-like characteristics. The types of belt and mass tend to point to Muhesha (MHS), JaJia (JJ), and Shuangpengxi (SPX), while Tufang (TF) does not exhibit a clear tendency. The over-spatial permeability of the village is poor, making it hard to perceive the overall space. The average depth, degree of integration, and village selection are concentrated in the central area and the primary and secondary roads. The geometrical center is the core of the village’s degree of integration. This study presents traditional Ando Tibetan villages’ complex and diverse spatial morphology, providing scientific references for their protection, development, and utilization.
Shaping the Future of Freight Logistics: Use Cases of Artificial Intelligence
Authors: du Plessis Martin Johannes , Gerber Retief , Goedhals-Gerber Leila Louise , van Eeden Joubert
Published: February 2025

The human–machine interface is increasingly attracting attention. This paper investigates the potential value and impact of using Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the freight logistics industry by defining various use cases. It explores how the logistics industry can use data and AI to improve its economic, social, and environmental sustainability through better decision making. The research methodology involved a systematic literature review, interviews with subject matter experts, facility visits, and generative AI. The SLR showed that none of the peer-reviewed literature offers an extensive exposition of AI use cases in freight logistics. The key findings highlight AI’s untapped potential in the logistics industry, with 77 unique use cases identified across three spheres: holistic supply chain opportunities, transport vehicles, and logistical facilities. The research is expected to contribute to the growing body of knowledge of AI in logistics, inform future research, guide industry practices, and inspire further innovation in logistics technology.
Human Exposure Estimation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) Resulting from Bucharest Landfill Leakages
Authors: Balint Alexandru Ioan , Matei Ecaterina , Râpă Maria , Șăulean Anca-Andreea , Mateș Ileana Mariana
Published: February 2025

This paper focuses on identifying the human health risks as a result of the presence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in groundwater due to the Bucharest landfill leakages. The main subjects were neighboring areas as the main receptors. The functional landfill located near the capital of Romania was selected as a case study. Fluorene (Pf), phenanthrene (Phe), anthracene (Ant), fluoranthene (Flu) and pyrene (Pyr) were detected using gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) analysis. The health risks for receptors via ingestion and dermal exposure scenarios were developed considering dermal contact once per day during showering for 20 min and regular ingestion of the groundwater most contaminated with PAHs at a rate of 2 L per day. The concentration ranges of PAHs in groundwater wer <0.0010–0.0037 μg L−1 for Pf, 0.0014–0.0065 μg L−1 for Phe, <0.0010–0.0013 μg L−1 for Ant, <0.0010–0.0011 μg L−1 for Flu, and 0.0030–0.0032 μg L−1 for Pyr. The rest of the PAHs were under the limit of detection. Both the cumulative hazard and risk quotient are well below the value of 1, which indicates a significant low risk for the ingestion of PAH-contaminated groundwater. However, the risk due to daily groundwater consumption and skin contact is minimal.
Correction: Muhonen et al. Fostering Education for Sustainable Development in Higher Education: A Case Study on Sustainability Competences in Research, Development and Innovation (RDI). Sustainability 2024, 16, 11134
Authors: Muhonen Tiina , Timonen Liisa , Väänänen Kristiina
Published: February 2025

The authors would like to make the following corrections about the published paper [...]
Evaluation of the Surface Finish on 304 Stainless Steel as a Way to Mitigate Calcium Carbonate Scaling
Authors: Zancanella Antônio Carlos Barbosa , Saidler Luila Abib , Siqueira Renato do Nascimento , Schluter Helga Elisabeth Pinheiro , Loureiro Bruno Venturini
Published: February 2025

Calcium carbonate scaling causes significant damage and financial losses to various industries, particularly in deep-water oil exploration. It is affected by factors like pressure, temperature, pH, solution chemistry, and surface finish. Surface finish is critical, as it interacts with the fluid and serves as a substrate for the anchoring of calcium carbonate crystals. However, many studies investigate this phenomenon under conditions that differ from those encountered in deep-water oil exploration. Tests are commonly performed under atmospheric pressure and lacking fluid flow or CO2 influence, which limits their relevance to industrial conditions. This study aims to evaluate the influence of surface finish on the formation of calcium carbonate scaling under conditions that more closely resemble actual operating environments. 304 stainless steel was selected to replicate industrial conditions, owing to its chemical stability and common use in industrial settings. The tests were conducted in a plant with high-pressure capabilities, operating under continuous flow conditions with CO2 injection. Controlled surfaces were prepared through metallographic polishing, machining, sandblasting, and laser texturing techniques. Surface characterization was performed using a 3D optical profilometer and scratch testing to measure the average adhesion force. The polymorphs formed were characterized by Raman spectroscopy. Fractal dimension analysis was applied to quantify the complexity of the analyzed surfaces. The results indicate that surfaces with higher fractal dimensions exhibit greater scaling mass and higher adhesion force. The main polymorph observed was calcite. Additionally, it was noted that the texture orientation relative to the flow affects scaling, with higher scaling values observed on surfaces oriented perpendicular to the flow. These findings are crucial for optimizing material selection and surface treatments in deep-water oil exploration, enhancing operational efficiency and reducing costs.
Common φ-Fixed Point Results for S-Operator Pair in Symmetric M-Metric Spaces
Authors: Farooq Sadia , Saleem Naeem , Aphane Maggie , Althobaiti Ali
Published: February 2025

In this article, we define a new class of noncommuting self mappings known as the S-operator pair. Also, we provide the existence and uniqueness of common fixed point results involving the S-operator pair satisfying the (F,φ,ψ,Z)-contractive condition in m-metric spaces, which unifies and generalizes most of the existing relevant fixed point theorems. Furthermore, the variables in the m-metric space are symmetric, which is significant for solving nonlinear problems in operator theory. In addition, examples are provided in order to illustrate the concepts and results presented herein. It has been demonstrated that the results can be applied to prove the existence of a solution to a system of integral equations, a nonlinear fractional differential equation and an ordinary differential equation for damped forced oscillations. Also, in the end, the satellite web coupling problem is solved.
Integrating HR, Intellectual Capital, Ambidextrous Innovation, and Environmental Regulation for Sustainable Success in Bangladesh’s Manufacturing Industry
Authors: Khalequzzaman Muhammad , Wang Shuxiang , Zhang Nana , Wang Liya
Published: February 2025

This study examines how environmental regulation (ER), green intellectual capital (GIC), green human resource management (GHRM), and green ambidextrous innovation (GAI) contribute to enhancing the sustainable performance (SP) of manufacturing firms. Using a quantitative approach, data from 472 managers of green garment manufacturing firms in Bangladesh were analyzed with SmartPLS4 software. The results indicate that GHRM and GIC positively impact SP, with GIC exerting a stronger influence on GAI—encompassing green exploitative innovation (EIGI) and green exploratory innovation (ERGI)—compared to GHRM. Additionally, GAI positively affects SP and serves as a partial mediator in the GIC-SP relationship but not in the GHRM-SP relationship. ER negatively moderates the GHRM-SP and GHRM-GAI links, while it positively moderates the GIC-GAI relationship, albeit weakly in the GIC-SP connection. This study highlights GAI’s mediating roles in the GHRM-SP (specifically, GHRM-EIGI-SP and GHRM-ERGI-SP) and GIC-SP (specifically, GIC-EIGI-SP and GIC-ERGI-SP) relationships within a regulatory context. By introducing fresh perspectives, this research advances green management studies, offering valuable insights for academics and industry professionals. It provides a strategic framework for firms to navigate regulations, foster innovation, optimize human and intangible resources, and enhance sustainable performance, thereby positioning themselves as leaders in the global market.
Discovery of Two New European Tree Trunk-Dwelling Medetera Species (Diptera: Dolichopodidae)
Authors: Pollet Marc , Drake Christopher Martin , Jacobs Maarten , Stark Andreas
Published: February 2025

Two new European species in Medetera (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) are described here. Medetera demirae sp. nov.—named after the Flemish minister for Justice and Enforcement, Environment, Energy and Tourism (2019–2024)—has been discovered at three localities in the eastern province of Limburg (Flanders, Belgium) and is thus far only known from this area. It can be easily recognized by a dentate hypandrium and phallus, a unique character not found in any other known Medetera species. M. nigrohalteralis sp. nov. had long been regarded as Medetera takagii Negrobov, 1970 by European dolichopodid workers but ultimately proved to represent a separate species. This species seems widespread in northwestern and central Europe. Morphologically, it is very similar to M. takagii and M. tristis (Zetterstedt, 1838) and shares an infuscate halter with both species. It differs from both by the shape of its hypandrium and surstylus. M. demirae sp. nov., large numbers of M. nigrohalteralis sp. nov., and other rarely seen Medetera species were collected in Belgium using a new type of tree trunk eclector. A widespread application of this trap might considerably change our view on the occurrence and rarity of tree trunk-dwelling invertebrates.
Linking Planetary Ephemeris Reference Frames to ICRF via Millisecond Pulsars
Authors: Guo Li , Song Yueqi , Yan Zhen , Li Liang , Wang Guangli
Published: February 2025

The positions of millisecond pulsars (MSPs) can be determined with sub-milliarcsecond (mas) accuracy using both Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) and timing, referenced to the International Celestial Reference Frame (ICRF) and planetary ephemerides frame, respectively, representing kinematic and dynamical reference frames. The two frames can be connected through observations of common celestial objects, MSPs observed with VLBI and timing. However, previous attempts to establish this connection were unreliable due to the limited number of MSPs observed by both techniques. Currently, 23 MSPs have been precisely measured using both multiple timing and VLBI networks. Among them, 17 MSPs are used to link the two reference frames, marking a significant three-fold increase in the number of common MSPs used for frame linking. Nevertheless, six MSPs located near the ecliptic plane are excluded from frame linkage due to positional differences exceeding 20 mas measured by VLBI and timing. This discrepancy is primarily attributed to errors introduced in fitting positions in timing methods. With astrometric parameters obtained via both VLBI and timing for these MSPs, the precision of linking DE436 and ICRF3 has surpassed 0.4 mas. Furthermore, thanks to the improved timing precision of MeerKAT, even with data from just 13 MSPs observed by both MeerKAT and VLBI, the precision of linking DE440 and ICRF3 can also exceed 0.4 mas. The reliability of this linkage depends on the precision of pulsar astrometric parameters, their spatial distribution, and discrepancies in pulsar positions obtained by the two techniques. Notably, proper motion differences identified by the two techniques are the most critical factors influencing the reference frame linking parameters. The core shift of the calibrators in VLBI pulsar observations is one of the factors causing proper motion discrepancies, and multi-wavelength observations are expected to solve it. With the improvement in timing accuracy and the application of new observation modes like multi-view and multi-band observations in VLBI, the linkage accuracy of the dynamical and kinematic reference frames is expected to reach 0.3 mas.
Influence of Viral Re-Infection on Head Kidney Transcriptome of Nervous Necrosis Virus-Resistant and -Susceptible European Sea Bass (Dicentrarchus labrax, L.)
Authors: Toubanaki Dimitra K. , Tzortzatos Odysseas-Panagiotis , Efstathiou Antonia , Bakopoulos Vasileios , Karagouni Evdokia
Published: February 2025

Fish viral infections have great environmental and economic implications in aquaculture. Nervous necrosis virus (NNV) is a pathogen affecting more than 120 different species, causing high mortality and morbidity. Herein, we study how NNV re-infection affects the European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax, L.) head kidney transcriptome in disease-resistant and -susceptible sea bass families. To determine how each family responds to re-infection, we performed the RNA-sequencing analysis of experimentally NNV-infected D. labrax. Fish were experimentally infected in a long-term study, and one month after the last recorded death, all surviving fish were re-infected by the same NNV strain. Fish tissues were sampled 7 days upon re-infection. The transcriptome profiles of infected vs. non-infected fish revealed 103 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) for the resistant family and 336 DEGs for the susceptible family. Only a few pathways were commonly enriched in the two families, further indicating that the resistant and susceptible families utilize completely different mechanisms to fight the NNV re-infection. Protein–protein interaction analysis identified a variety of hub genes for the resistant and the susceptible families, quite distinct in their function on NNV resistance. In conclusion, NNV-resistant and -sensitive sea bass transcriptomes were analyzed following NNV survivors’ viral re-infection, offering a glimpse into how host attempts to control the infection depending on its genetic background in relation with virus resistance.
Alwyn Gentry: Explorer, Conservationist, Father
Authors: Gentry Diane
Published: February 2025

Introduction to the special collection commemorating the life and work of Alwyn Gentry
Hydrochloric Acid Application Improves the Detection of Salmonella spp. and Escherichia coli O157:H7 in Food Samples
Authors: Terzi Yavaş Sevda , Yüksel Yence Deniz , Şen Ece
Published: February 2025

In this study, it was investigated whether treatment of food samples with HCl (prepared with NaCl solution) could be used instead of the pre-enrichment and enrichment steps in the ISO methods used for Salmonella spp. and E. coli O157:H7 detection in food samples. For this purpose, a total of 103 food samples were analyzed for the Salmonella spp. and E. coli O157:H7 detection with 3 different methods including ISO and 2 modified methods. In the modified methods, food samples were treated with five different HCl concentrations instead of or after the enrichment step. E. coli O157:H7 (beef meat and Turkish-style fermented sausage) and Salmonella spp. (whipped cream and instant soup powder) were detected in 2 of the food samples examined. The same results were obtained for E. coli O157:H7 and Salmonella spp. detection in food samples with 3 different methods used. However, effective HCl concentrations (range from 1/2 N to 1/10 N) varied depending on the detected pathogen and food type. The obtained results showed that the treatment of food samples with 1/10 N HCl instead of the enrichment step was effective in both Salmonella spp. and E. coli O157:H7 detection in different food samples.
Workflow and Efficiency in Smile Designing: Digital vs. Traditional Methods
Authors: Farzana H , Rathna Piriyanga R.S. , Priyadarshini Swathi
Published: February 2025

A comparison between digital and conventional smile design explores two distinct approaches in the field of aesthetic dentistry and aids in designing, evaluating their efficiency, accuracy, and patient’s engagement. Traditional smile design, relying on manual sketches and physical wax-ups, provides accurate results but is time-intensive and dependent on skilled technicians. In contrast, Digital Smile Designing (DSD) utilizes advanced software and 3D modeling, allowing patients to visualize treatment outcomes virtually. DSD enhances precision, reduces procedural time, and fosters collaborative treatment planning among patients, clinicians, and technicians. The digital approach allows for improved customization and faster adjustments, which are challenging in traditional methods. However, digital smile design requires specialized training and technology investment, which can be costly. Traditional methods are more accessible but lack the ease of patient communication and visualization that digital tools offer. Overall, digital methods are upcoming trend aesthetic dentistry, offering greater predictability and patient satisfaction, though traditional methods remain relevant in specific clinical contexts. This article reviews the evolution made to enhance esthetic outcomes, workflow and efficiency of digital and conventional method of smile designing, and the advantages and limitations of digital smile designing.
The Influence of Competence and Professional Skepticism on Auditor Performance: Self-Efficacy as a Mediator and Spiritual Quotient (SQ) as a Moderator
Authors: Abdi Bhayangkara  , Ratnawati Vince , Hardi
Published: February 2025

This study examines the relationships between competence, professional skepticism, and self-efficacy as a mediator of auditor performance, with the moderating role of Spiritual Quotient (SQ). Conducted at the Inspectorate of the Provincial Government of Riau with 106 auditors, the research utilized Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) via Smart PLS 4 for data analysis. The findings reveal that self-efficacy mediates the relationship between competence and skepticism on auditor performance, while SQ moderates the link between competence and performance. This study deepens understanding of the dynamics affecting auditor performance, highlighting the critical roles of self-efficacy and SQ. The results offer significant theoretical and practical implications for auditing, providing a foundation for future research.
Filling the Gaps in Healthcare System and Practice : The Holistic Care of Kyung Shik Sunwoo
Authors:   Catholic Institute of Bioethics, Sung Ki Hun , Park Seungmann
Published: February 2025

This article revisits the life of Kyung Shik Sunwoo (1945-2008) within the context of contemporary Korean medical history. Numerous documentaries and biographies have been produced about Sunwoo, yet scholarly research on his life, particularly studies set within a historical framework, remain lacking. This gap partially reflects the predominant focus of contemporary Korean medical history research on institutionalized medicine. Within a research landscape centered on institutionalized healthcare and large hospitals, Sunwoo’s life—devoted to treating those largely outside the formal healthcare system—has not received due recognition. This article examines how Sunwoo, within the broader currents of contemporary Korean healthcare, came to direct his focus outside institutional boundaries and why he pursued a distinctive approach to healing that set him apart from his peers. By investigating Sunwoo’s life through biographical study, and intersecting it with a social history of contemporay Korean medicine, this article seeks to elucidate the significance of his choices. On this foundation, it further explores an approach to implementing holistic care as demonstrated through his practice.
Mechanisms to Ensure Coordinated Functioning and Interaction of Public Authorities in the Russian Federation
Authors:   Pushkin Leningrad State University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, Rybkina M.V. , Laryugina Y.Y. ,   Pushkin Leningrad State University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
Published: February 2025

The article analyses the mechanisms of interaction between the bodies included in the unified system of public authority operating in the Russian Federation. Comprehensive fundamental research on this topic has not been conducted, which determines the relevance of the issues raised in this paper. The conclusions and proposals made in the study may be of practical importance for greater efficiency of the functioning of public authorities.
Considerations for Implementing a Patient and Public Engagement
Model of Healthcare AI
Authors: Lee Junghyun , Kim Hannah
Published: February 2025

This commentary builds on the lead article for this volume by proposing
additional considerations for implementing a healthcare AI framework centered on
patients and citizens. It argues that rather than being mere data providers,
patients and citizens must serve as external validators, thereby enhancing
transparency and fairness in the development of healthcare AI. The participation
of patients and citizens is essential to safeguarding the rights of data
providers, ensuring transparent AI usage, and promoting equitable healthcare
access. However, current domestic systems, including broad consent mechanisms,
limit meaningful involvement. This commentary addresses these limitations by
highlighting the need for centralized, provider-focused data governance, clear
information dissemination, and ongoing education initiatives. Ultimately, while
the participation of patients and citizens is crucial for fostering trust in
healthcare AI, that participation must be supported with systematic strategies
and long-term investments.
The Significance of Patient Participation in the Era of Medical
Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Jung Cheayun
Published: February 2025

Artificial intelligence (AI) is revolutionizing healthcare by expanding the
definition of health and integrating vast amounts of medical data, including
unstructured data, into medical science. This transformation highlights the
importance of patient participation, reshaping the traditional doctor-patient
dynamic into a collaborative relationship that fosters patient empowerment,
medical democracy, and accessibility. AI also facilitates shared decision-making
between humans and machines, creating hybrid relationships among doctors,
patients, and AI systems. As healthcare AI continues to evolve, ethical
considerations—particularly regarding patient and citizen participation—become
increasingly vital. Despite these advancements, challenges persist in defining
participation roles and establishing effective self-regulation frameworks.
The Justification of Doctors' Strikes: Lessons from
Korea's 2024 Medical Dispute
Authors: Kim Dokyong
Published: February 2025

The right to collective action, including striking, is regarded as a fundamental
right of workers. However, in the healthcare sector, strikes can cause harm to
patients and challenge professional ethics, which raises the question of whether
or to what extent strikes in the healthcare sector can be justified. This
article addresses this question through a framework first developed by Selemogo
and Essex. It examines the conflict between the Korean government and medical
community in 2024 are argues that the doctors’ strike during that period was
justified by three key factors: (1) the reasons and purpose of the strike; (2)
the harms and risks of the strike; and (3) other contextual factors affecting
members of society.
Lago de Texcoco: Hacia una conceptualización como territorio palustre
Authors: Albor-Ruiz Magali Catalina , Noriero-Escalante Lucio
Published: February 2025

En el presente estudio se propuso una conceptualización de “territorio palustre” para el Lago de Texcoco, donde las transformaciones físicas del mismo han comprometido la reproducción del modo de vida lacustre original. Metodológicamente, el estudio se llevó a cabo bajo un enfoque cualitativo con método etnográfico. Entre los resultados, se describieron las relaciones de los actores territoriales, los recursos del agua y la tierra, así como los procesos de impacto ambientales y sociales, derivados de las modalidades de uso, apropiación, expropiación y otros fines de la tierra; estos elementos fueron analizados desde diferentes espacios del sistema complejo. La investigación se concluyó proponiendo el concepto “territorio palustre rururbano”, por ser una acepción a la actual zona de humedales y charcas presentes en el territorio.
Aralıklı Oruç ile Birlikte Genç Kan Plazma Uygulamasının Yaşlı Bağırsak Mikrobiyotası Üzerindeki Etkileri
Authors: Allahverdi Hüseyin , Baba Burcu
Published: February 2025

Yaşlanma süreci, bağırsak mikrobiyotasının disbiyozisine ve bu durumun çeşitli hastalıklarla ilişkilendirilmesine neden olmaktadır. Bu kontekste, aralıklı oruç ve genç kan plazması transfüzyonunun, senesans hücrelerinin yenilenmesi üzerindeki etkileri literatürde önem arz etmektedir. Mevcut çalışma, yaşlanma bağlamında bu iki müdahalenin bağırsak mikrobiyotası üzerindeki kumulatif etkilerini değerlendirmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Araştırma, 24 aylık erkek Sprague-Dawley ratlar üzerinde gerçekleştirilmiş olup, 30 günlük bir aralıklı oruç protokolü esnasında genç kan plazması transfüzyonunun mikrobiyota üzerindeki etkilerini incelemiştir. Dört farklı grup tanımlanmıştır: kontrol (Cnt, n=7), yalnızca aralıklı oruç tutanlar (Fst, n=7), sadece genç plazma transfüzyonu alanlar (Pls, n=7), ve hem aralıklı oruç tutan hem de genç plazma transfüzyonu alanlar (FstPls, n=7). Aralıklı oruç rejiminde, ratlara günde 18 saat boyunca yiyecek erişimi kısıtlanmış, ardından 6 saatlik bir beslenme penceresi tanımlanmıştır. Genç plazma transfüzyonu uygulanan gruplarda, her bir hayvana günlük 0,5 ml plazma verilmiştir. Metagenomik analiz sonuçları, Shannon ve Simpson alfa çeşitlilik indeksleri ile Firmikutes/Bakterioidetes oranında anlamlı gruplar arası farklılıklar ortaya koymuştur. Ancak, tür çeşitliliği açısından anlamlı bir artış gözlemlenmemiştir. Özellikle, genç plazma transfüzyonu sonrası F/B oranındaki düşüş, mikrobiyota yapısında olumlu bir yeniden düzenlenmeye işaret etmektedir. Bu sonuçlar, yaşlanan bağırsak mikrobiyotasının sağlığı üzerindeki müdahalelerin potansiyel etkilerini derinlemesine anlamak için önemli bir katkı sağlamakta olup, bu iki yaklaşımın zamanlamasının optimizasyonunun, sinerjik faydalar sunabileceğini öne sürmektedir
Değişken pasif eleman rijitliği içeren bir Hill tipi kas modelinin simülasyonu ve performans analizi
Authors: Örteş Faruk , Alanbel Ersin Bahar
Published: February 2025

Hill tipi kas modelleri başta kas-iskelet sistemleri simülasyonlarında esas alınan kas kuvvetlerinin hesaplanması olmak üzere kasların çeşitli biyomekanik ve fizyolojik özelliklerinin anlaşılmasında kullanılmaktadırlar. Klasik bir modelde kasılma birimi, paralel ve elastik elemanlar aracılığıyla kas yapısındaki aktin, miyozin, titin ve diğer proteinlerin etkileşimleri matematiksel olarak ifade edilmektedir. Ancak aktif uzama sonrası ortaya çıkan ve kas yapısındaki titin proteini ile ilişkilendirilen kalıntı kuvvet artışlarının bu tip reolojik modellerle simülasyonları yetersiz görünmektedir. Bu çalışmada klasik bir Hill tipi kas modeli için pasif eleman katılığındaki değişimin toplam kas kuvvetinde ve kalıntı kuvvet artışındaki rolü incelenmiştir. Pasif eleman için katılık değeri normal değerin yanı sıra kuvvet-uzunluk eğrisinde sağ ve sol kısımlara kaydırılmış ve model cevapları elde edilmiştir. Ayrıca farklı eksantrik kasılma hızları için de simülasyonlar tekrar edilmiş, tüm durumlar için kas kuvvetleri ve kalıntı kuvvet artışları hesaplanmıştır. Sonuçlar göz önüne alındığında, normal katılık için herhangi bir kalıntı kuvvet artışı gözlenmemiştir. Ancak aktivasyon ve uzamaya bağlı olarak pasif eleman katılığının sola kaydırıldığı durumlarda pozitif kalıntı kuvvet artışları elde edilmiştir. Buna göre pasif elemanların davranışındaki uygun modifikasyonlar kalıntı kuvvet artışı gibi deneysel özelliklerin simüle edilmesinde etkili olabilmektedir.
0.22 LR Tüfeklerde Fişek Yatağı Yapısının Boş Kovan Çıkarmama Hatası Üzerindeki Etkisinin İncelenmesi
Authors: Ünal Emre
Published: February 2025

Yivli tüfeklerde, silahın işleyişini etkileyen temel parçaların tasarımından kaynaklanan birçok hata meydana gelebilir. Mekanizma, namlu, şarjör gibi temel parçalar, silah sisteminin temelini oluşturur ve hataların kök sebeplerini etkileyen unsurlardır. Silah sistemlerinde, namlunun fişek yatağı kısmı, ateşlemenin gerçekleştiği kısımdır ve bu nedenle sistemin en kritik noktasını oluşturur. Silahların hatasız çalışabilmesi için fişek yatağı tasarımı oldukça önemlidir. Bu çalışma, 0.22 lr tüfeklerde fişek yatağı tasarımının boş kovan çıkarmama hatasına etkisini incelemek amacıyla sekiz farklı tipte namlu üretilmiş ve test edilmiştir. Yapılan testler sonucunda, fişek yatağı yapısının boş kovan çıkarmama hatası ile ilişkisi detaylı bir şekilde incelenmiştir. İnceleme sonucunda, mühimmatların yapısı ve fişek yatağının giriş kısmındaki radyüs veya pah işleminin boş kovan çıkarmama ve mermi sürememe hatasına etkisi olduğu görülmüştür. Ayrıca, fişek yatağındaki mermi ile namlu iç duvarı arasındaki boşluğun önemli olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Acute Toxic effects of Disposable Personal Hygiene Products on Daphnia magna
Authors: Erdoğan Şeyda
Published: February 2025

Aquatic ecosystems are increasingly exposed to pollution factors due to increasing human populations and technological developments in industrial production. Covid-19 pandemic has led to a notable increase in demand for personal hygiene products, which has consequently resulted in a significant rise in production levels in recent years. The use of disposable wet wipes has gained momentum with this trend. These versatile products have a wide range of applications, primarily in surface cleaning and personal hygiene. However, detailed information on the chemical compositions of these wipes and their effects on aquatic organisms is lacking. Existing toxicological studies have focused on the effects of a single toxic substance. Research on the combined effects is very limited. This study aimed to assess the acute toxicity of two wet wipe brands, WWA and WWB, on Daphnia magna. Each product was tested at 6 different concentrations: 100 ppm, 500 ppm, 1000 ppm, 2000 ppm, 4000 ppm and 8000 ppm. EC50 values for both brands were determined by probit analysis. The EC50 values for 24 and 48 h for WWA were 1259 ppm and 794 ppm, whereas the EC50 values for 24 and 48 h for WWB were 537 ppm. WWB was more toxic at lower concentrations according to the probit analysis results. To ensure the protection of aquatic ecosystems, the potential pathways by which these chemicals may contaminate aquatic systems must be identified and their levels in water should be monitored on a regular basis.
Government Support and Local Residents’ Behavior in E-waste Management: Evidence from Thailand
Authors: Kiddee Peeranart , Decharat Somsiri , Bunmak Suttiporn
Published: February 2025

Electronic waste (e-waste) management is a critical global pollution concern. This study investigates government support; local residents' perceptions, knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors related to e-waste management; and collaborative governance in southern Thailand. Employing both quantitative and qualitative methods, this research involves expert government officers who are well versed in e-waste management and local residents. The study utilized in-depth interviews, questionnaires, and workshops. The results revealed that the government is responsible for four e-waste management approaches, encompassing various e-waste collection, transportation, and disposal methods. Local residents exhibited low perceptions of e-waste news but possessed substantial knowledge and positive attitudes toward e-waste management. Surprisingly, general characteristics do not significantly influence e-waste management behavior. A statistically significant connection was found between perceptions (B = 0.065, t = 6.657, p value = 0.000) and attitudes (B = 0.079, t = 4.350, p value = 0.000) toward e-waste management, which had a positive relationship with e-waste management behavior in southern Thailand (p value < 0.01). Repairing appliances is the most common action taken (44.5%). Despite longer lifespans for electronic appliances than they did a decade ago, revisions to the draft waste electrical and electronic equipment Act are underway, aiming to incorporate stakeholder involvement and the extended producer responsibility principle. This study provides valuable insights into government and local community concerns regarding e-waste management and evaluates the efficacy of recent management procedures. These findings can inform the development of action plans that consider crucial aspects of e-waste management.
Polymer optical fiber tactile sensing enabled by minimal grating structures
Authors: Kitamura Nonoka , Javid Hamza , Watanabe Shunsuke , Jha Rajan , Lee Heeyoung , Mizuno Yosuke
Published: February 2025

We are developing tactile sensors using fiber Bragg gratings inscribed in perfluorinated graded-index polymer optical fibers (PFGI-POFs). Until now, the effectiveness of tactile sensing has only been demonstrated with PFGI-POF samples containing 500 gratings. In this study, we significantly reduce the number of gratings and show that even a PFGI-POF sample with just one grating can function as a tactile sensor, although with some performance limitations. By comparing samples with 1 and 10 gratings, we observe that while the sensor performance improves with more gratings, both configurations can detect tactile inputs.
Hybrid probe combining MicroLED and neural electrode for precise neural modulation and multi-site recording
Authors: Shinohara Gota , Kayama Tasuku , Okui Ayumu , Oda Wataru , Nishikawa Atsushi , Loesing Alexander , Kuga Nahoko , Sasaki Takuya , Sekiguchi Hiroto
Published: February 2025

Optogenetics enables precise neural control but is limited by conventional optical fibers in complex networks. We present a hybrid device integrating multi-point micro-light-emitting diodes (MicroLEDs) with neural electrodes for localized light stimulation and simultaneous neural recording. Fabricated via direct bonding, it ensures optimal alignment for high spatial-temporal resolution. The thin MicroLED probes minimize invasiveness while maintaining optical performance. Validated in mouse brain models, the system achieves selective neural activation and recording with minimal thermal effects. This scalable, flexible tool overcomes integration challenges, advancing optogenetic research and opening avenues for exploring neural dynamics and targeted neurological therapies.
Queer Voices
Authors: Gibson Nadine , Rotchford Ann , Sayers Addie
Published: February 2025

This study explores queer-spectrum and trans-spectrum students’ voices on establishing a sense of belonging in the classroom. This study contributes to a growing body of research on the experience of queer-spectrum and trans-spectrum students in higher education institutions. Using long-form interviews with 25 students and alumni of a public research university in North Carolina, we find that the incorporation of small gestures by faculty has an outsized impact on fostering a sense of belonging among queer-spectrum and trans-spectrum students. Specifically, small gestures such as the use of preferred pronouns went a long way in making students feel welcomed in the classroom. More broadly, queer-spectrum and trans-spectrum students who identified with their gender assigned at birth also used the use of pronouns by professors as a cue. By virtue of professors taking the time to revise their email signatures, revise their syllabi to include language regarding anti-discrimination and scholarship by a diverse set of scholars, and make a welcoming statement aimed at establishing a safe space for queer-spectrum and trans-spectrum students, signaled to students that they were an ally.
Gestione selvicolturale per la valorizzazione dei rimboschimenti di pino nero e pino laricio e delle piantagioni di douglasia in Italia
Authors: Corona Piermaria , Sacchelli Sandro , Travaglini Davide , Nocentini Susanna
Published: February 2025

In Italia la superficie dei rimboschimenti ammonta a circa mezzo milione di ettari, la maggior parte dei quali a prevalenza di conifere. Negli ultimi decenni sono emerse problematiche riguardanti la potenziale instabilità di questi soprassuoli, spesso causata da una gestione selvicolturale mancante o insufficiente e discontinua. Questa comunicazione sintetizza i risultati di uno studio sulle modalità di gestione selvicolturale per la valorizzazione dei rimboschimenti di pino nero e pino laricio e delle piantagioni di douglasia in Italia. Utilizzando i dati dell’inventario forestale nazionale e i dati di parcelle sperimentali sono stati simulati con il modello 3D-CMCC-FEM vari regimi di diradamento per determinare il grado di intensità e l’intervallo di ripetizione degli interventi. Questi risultati sono stati utilizzati per stimare la fornitura di alcune utilità ecosistemiche e quantificarne il valore economico. È stato inoltre elaborato un indice per quantificare la densità di coltivazione dei rimboschimenti al fine di ottimizzare la produttività in termini di massa legnosa. Alla luce dei risultati ottenuti, in questa comunicazione sono infine riportate alcune indicazioni operative per la gestione selvicolturale dei rimboschimenti delle specie considerate.
Exploring the "Critical Reasoning" Dimension of the Pancasila Student Profile Strengthening Project within the Framework of René Descartes' "Dubium Methodicum"
Authors: Tapung Dr. Marianus
Published: February 2025

Critical thinking is an important part of education because it helps students develop important and self-reflective skills like 1) taking in and processing information and ideas, 2) analyzing and judging reasoning, and 3) thinking about and judging their thoughts. This study scrutinizes the critical reasoning component within the framework of the Pancasila Student Profile Strengthening Project, which is associated with the Independent Learning Curriculum. Descartes' "Dubium Methodicum" serves as a theoretical framework for comprehending the cultivation of critical reasoning in students. A qualitative research method is used in this study, which combines a qualitative analysis model of documents with an interdisciplinary examination of document content. The focus is on the relevance, implications, and philosophical, methodological, and practical aspects of the different ideas and content within the documents. The results and findings show that the Pancasila Student Profile Strengthening Project's critical approach is very relevant and has important implications from Descartes' point of view. The following discussion focused on how to improve the critical thinking part of the Independent Learning curriculum through an interdisciplinary approach and changes to the way teachers teach. The Independent Learning Curriculum's focus on essential learning principles can do a lot to help raise a generation that is critical, reflective, and Pancasila-oriented.
The Hindu Marriage Registration Act, 2012: Legal Recognition, Challenges, and the Path toward Gender Equality in Bangladesh
Authors: Chowdhury Joydeep
Published: February 2025

The Hindu Marriage Registration Act, 2012, marks a critical step in the legal recognition and protection of Hindu marriages in Bangladesh. Prior to its enactment, Hindu marriages were governed primarily by traditional customs and lacked formal legal documentation, leading to significant challenges, particularly in matters of inheritance, property rights, and gender equality. This article delves into the historical context of Hindu marriage practices, the legal implications of the new legislation, and its social impact, focusing on gender equality, women's rights, and family dynamics. By offering legal recognition to Hindu marriages, the Act provides a platform for resolving disputes, ensuring marital rights, and promoting social stability. However, challenges in the law's implementation, such as limited awareness, administrative hurdles, and cultural resistance, remain. This article also evaluates the role of the Act in advancing gender equality, especially in the context of marital disputes, and offers recommendations to address implementation issues, enhance legal accessibility, and improve the integration of the law into societal norms. In light of its mixed reception, the article proposes pathways for improving the effectiveness of the Act in safeguarding marital rights and promoting gender justice in the Hindu community.
Limitations of Sanctions in Islamic Law
Authors: Muhammadong Muhammadong
Published: February 2025

This research aims to determine the limits of hudud in Islamic law so that law enforcement can run fairly. Allah's decree regarding hudud issues has been outlined in the Al-Qur'an in order to preserve social life based on Islamic rules. Hudud is a sanction given to violators of behavior that is contrary to Islamic teachings. In various cases, rebellion, robbery, wine, stealing, verbal abuse and adultery, all have provisions for punishment in the Koran. However, the role of Ulama in interpreting verses is very open to outlining the limits of sanctions for law violators. The existence of Islamic law certainly refers to the main teachings, namely the Al-Qur'an and hadith, then developed through Ijma' Ulama which can be implemented in society as a limitation of sanctions
Heavy Metals Health-Risk Assessment of Zingiber officinale in Akwa Ibom and Enugu following High Consumption During the COVID-19 Era
Authors: Jovita ONYEUKWU Nkechi , Patrick URUA Scholastica , Jacob BUNU Samuel , Amanda ONWUKA Ngozi , Akpan OSOM Unwana
Published: February 2025

Background: The World Health Organization's designation of Corona Virus Disease - 2019 (COVID-19) as a global pandemic in 2020 shocked the world. There is no known treatment for the virus, although the FDA has licensed several vaccines for its prevention; thus, desperation within society has resulted in a growing use of medicinal plant-based therapies, such as Azadirachta indica, Zingiber officinale, Allium sativum, Nigella sativa, and, Vernonia amygdalina among others, that have been claimed to alleviate COVID-19 symptoms. Aim: the study assessed the health risk of some heavy metals associated with the consumption of Z. officinale rhizome in some selected Local Government Areas of Akwa Ibom (Southern Nigeria) and Enugu (Eastern Nigeria) States, where consumption was increased significantly due to COVID-19 pandemic. Method: Atomic absorption spectroscopy was used to quantify the amount of heavy metals in Zingiber officinale following standard digestion procedures. Health Risk Assessment was conducted using Estimated Daily Intake, Target Hazard Quotient, Hazard Index, Carcinogenic Risk as well overall statistical analysis, to ascertain the long-term health potential risk of consuming Zingiber officinale herbal supplements. Result: The mean concentration of arsenic, cadmium, and lead in Z. officinale rhizome ranges from 0.001 to 0.942 mg/kg, 3.403 to 4.386 mg/kg, and 0.002 to 0.244 mg/kg, respectively, while that of mercury, and nickel all locations was 0.001 mg/kg, and 1.377 to 3.100 mg/kg, respectively. Conclusion: All heavy metals but arsenic and mercury were higher in concentration than the prescribed limit, hence possess are potential risks among these locations in the future. The hazard quotient (HQ) values of all heavy metals were <1 in all the samples, thus relatively safe to consume the plant but with caution to checkmate arsenic or mercury poisoning.
Performance Management System Using Balanced Scorecard Framework and Analytical Hierarchy Process A Case Study In Indonesia Manufacturing Company
Authors: Hadiyanto Haris , Wibisono Dermawan
Published: February 2025

Improving an increasingly competitive environment such as how easy it is for customers to get cheap and quality products from the import process pressures manufacturing companies to always increase their competitive advantage. It is important for a company to be able to anticipate threats and continuously update its strategy in order to maintain the performance of the company. This paper aims to identify, analyze, and define key performance indicators (KPI) for one of the manufacturing companies in Indonesia with the first step being to design the right performance management system (PMS) for the company.  The integration of the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) and the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) introduces a structured, data-driven approach to prioritizing key performance indicators (KPIs), enabling manufacturing companies like PT ABCD to align strategic objectives with operational performance more effectively, thereby enhancing decision-making accuracy and competitive advantage in a highly dynamic market. The balanced scorecard approach was used in this research to determine the right KPIs and were determined through focus group discussions with top management. The KPIs that have been set are then analyzed using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) to determine how the relationships between these KPIs are. The finding of this paper is to provide KPIs that companies can use as a first step in measuring the performance of manufacturing companies in Indonesia.