bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Biochar as an alternative substrate for the production of sugarcane seedlings
Authors: Mota Mauro F. C. , Damião Eulina F. , Torres Matheus R. , Pegoraro Rodinei F. , Frazão Leidivan A. , Fernandes Luiz A.
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT Biochar, which has emerged as an important form of the transformation and final disposal of biomass, can be used directly in soil or in seedling nurseries. In this study, the use of biochar of different particle sizes and percentages was evaluated in replacement to a conventional substrate used in the production of sugarcane seedlings. To this end, an experiment was carried out based on a completely randomized design, with a 5 × 4 factorial scheme, consisting of five different percentages of biochar (with 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100% v/v substitution of the conventional substrate) and four particle sizes (<1, 2, 4, and 9 mm), with nine repetitions. As seedling growth variables, the average sprouting time, sprouting speed index, plant height, leaf number, leaf length, and width + 2, as well as the dry mass of the aerial parts and roots were evaluated. Irrespective of the percentage of commercial substrate replaced with biochar, sprouting time was found to be shorter when 6-mm-diameter biochar particles were used. With respect to the sprouting speed index, it was found that regardless of particle size, the highest value occurred when biochar was used to replace 42% of the commercial substrate. The substitution of the commercial substrate with biochar had the effect of reducing the growth of sugarcane seedlings.
Accumulation of cations in lettuce cultivars under low-cost hydroponic system with brackish waters
Authors: Silva Anna C. R. A. da , Silva Gerônimo F. da , Menezes Sirleide M. de , Cruz Ruana Í. F. , Santos Júnior José A. , Rolim Mário M.
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT The use of brackish water to cultivate lettuce can cause nutritional imbalances, impairing production. In this context, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of salinity on the accumulation of dry matter of the aerial part and macronutrients K, Ca and Mg and their relations with Na in lettuce cultivars grown in a low-cost hydroponic system. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design, in a 6 × 2 factorial scheme, with four replicates. The treatments consisted of six electrical conductivities of the nutrient solution (1.5, 2.5, 3.5, 4.5, 5.5 and 6.5 dS m-1) and two lettuce cultivars, Betty [iceberg] and Mimosa [green-leaf]. Regardless of the evaluated cultivar, the increase in the electrical conductivity of the nutrient solution reduced the accumulation of dry matter in the aerial part. In both cultivars, the increase in the electrical conductivity of the nutrient solution reduced the accumulations of K and Mg and increased Na/K, Na/Ca and Na/Mg ratios. The green-leaf cv. Mimosa showed Ca and Mg accumulations higher than that in the iceberg cv. Betty, regardless of electrical conductivity. The increase in electrical conductivity reduced the accumulation of K, in both cultivars evaluated. The decreasing order in the accumulation of macronutrients and sodium in both cultivars was: K > Na > Ca > Mg.
Growth and physiology of ornamental sunflower under salinity in function of paclobutrazol application methods
Authors: Guimarães Rafaela F. B. , Maia Júnior Sebastião de O. , Lima Robson F. de , Souza Allesson R. de , Andrade Jailma R. de , Nascimento Ronaldo do
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT The ornamental sunflower has great importance in the floriculture sector due to the color and vitality of its flowers. However, the production and quality of flowers decrease under salt stress, which can be mitigated with paclobutrazol application. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of different application methods of paclobutrazol in ornamental sunflower ‘Sol Noturno’ irrigated with brackish waters. The experimental design was randomized blocks arranged in a 5 × 3 factorial scheme, corresponding to five electrical conductivities of irrigation water - ECw (0.4; 1.9; 3.4; 4.9, and 6.4 dS m-1) and three paclobutrazol application methods (foliar application, via soil and a control treatment - without paclobutrazol), with four replicates. The increase in salinity of irrigation water reduced gas exchange, photosystem II photochemical efficiency, SPAD index, plant height, and chapter diameter. The paclobutrazol application via soil or foliar increased stomatal conductance and transpiration by 21.09 and 17.80%, respectively, in comparison to plants without application, whereas photosynthesis and instantaneous carboxylation efficiency increased by 28.33 and 31.18% via soil and 14.40 and 16.12% via foliar, respectively. The paclobutrazol application, mainly via soil, favored ‘Sol Noturno’ sunflower plants under salt stress, increasing chlorophyll SPAD index and external chapter diameter, and keeping the number of the petals.
Is it possible to estimate longevity through the analyses used to measure the initial physiological potential in soybean seeds?
Authors: Batista Thiago Barbosa , Perissato Samara Moreira , Rego Carlos Henrique Queiroz , Oliveira Gustavo Roberto Fonseca de , Henning Fernando Augusto , Silva Edvaldo Aparecido Amaral da
Published: September 2021

Abstract: The analysis of longevity can support decisions about the length of seed lot storage until commercialization, since this characteristic implies the maintenance of viability over time. Seed longevity is analyzed by the p50 test, which expresses the time to lose 50% of the initial viability. Seeds with high vigor and germination have greater physiological potential and, thus, a greater capacity to maintain quality throughout the storage period. However, there has been little research on the correlations between the analysis of p50 (longevity) and the tests used to measure physiological potential (germination and vigor) of lots, which can be used as a tool to make inferences about longevity using the most traditional tests. Thus, the objective of this study was to investigate which tests used to measure the potential of lots can estimate p50. To this end, germination and vigor were evaluated using traditional tests while longevity was assessed in eight soybean seed lots. Correlations and linear regression were tested for the traditional variables versus p50. It was found that the use of accelerated aging, electrical conductivity, and time to 50% radicle protrusion has high potential to estimate longevity as measured by p50.
Controle social do SUS: a saúde em região de fronteira em pauta
Authors: Haum Natália Dias Alves Públio , Carvalho Manoela de
Published: September 2021

Resumo Este estudo analisa a dinâmica do exercício do controle social em município brasileiro de região de fronteira internacional a partir das atas do Conselho Municipal de Saúde (CMS), referentes às políticas de saúde específicas para a localidade. Empregou-se a técnica de análise documental auxiliada por instrumento elaborado para identificar a participação dos conselheiros em reuniões, atividades e temas relacionados à política de saúde na fronteira de 2006 a 2018, período relativo à adesão ao Sistema Integrado de Saúde das Fronteiras (SIS Fronteiras). Os resultados apontam que o CMS discutiu a política de saúde sem contextualizá-la suficientemente no território específico em que foi aplicada. Por conseguinte, recomenda-se mecanismos de formação para aprimorar a ação e organização, ancorados na temática saúde em regiões de fronteira, apoiando o exercício do controle social orientado para as necessidades da realidade local dos municípios brasileiros fronteiriços.
SOME PROBLEMS OF LEGISLATIVE REGULATION OF THE PROCEDURAL STATUS OF A SUSPECT
Authors:   Kyrgyz State National University named after J. Balasagyn, Kamil kyzy Guzel
Published: September 2021

This article discusses issues related to the regulation of the procedural status of a suspect in the new Criminal Procedure Code of the Kyrgyz Republic, as well as analyzes the methods of obtaining evidence. Testimony of a suspect can be considered in two aspects: in the first aspect, the testimony of a suspect is presented as a source of evidence, in the second aspect, the testimony of a suspect is recognized as a means of protection against criminal prosecution. Also we pay attention to criteria for evaluating a testimony of a suspect. As any other source of evidence, the testimony of a suspect, according to the author of the article, should be checked by comparing with other types of evidence, as well as assessed by the authorities conducting the proceedings in terms of the relevance, admissibility and reliability of the obtained information during questioning and other investigative actions.
Algorithm and mathematical model of supply chain management for raw wood from the regions in Russia: Сomparison and analysis
Authors:   Vladivostok State University of Economics and Service, Rogulin Rodion Sergeevich , Mazelis Lev Solomonovich ,   Vladivostok State University of Economics and Service
Published: September 2021

Supply chain management is a burning issue for modern industrial enterprises. To handle this issue, non-linear stochastic models are successfully applied to find the reasonable and efficient solutions. A need to develop a unique method to find the solutions to supply chain management tasks defined as stochastic mixed-integer non-linear programming tasks is determined by the limitations imposed by the general models. The sum of the total raw procurement costs from the Commodity Exchange over the defined planning horizon is taken to be the target function of the unique model, while the binary variables which show whether a purchasing order is included into the procurement plan are used for optimization purposes. Some parameters of model’s limitations are stochastic and consider the uncertainty factor and risks in supplying the required raw materials to the manufacturing site. Branch-and-bound and genetic algorithms are applied at some steps in the developed heuristic algorithm. The algorithm and the model are tested at a major timber processing enterprise in Primorsky Area. Four types of processors over three planning horizons were applied to compare the efficiency of the proposed algorithm with partial application of the genetic algorithm or branch-and-bound method. The findings analysis shows that, unlike the genetic algorithm, the unique one is more stable in terms of uncertainty of the input parameters in comparison with the branch-and-bound method. It provides the solutions in the models with a great number of variables. The algorithm is shown to be universal enough for its further modification in solving more complicated problems of the same class, containing a significantly larger number of probabilistic parameters that describe other uncertainties in the supply of raw materials. Further research is seen to include the development of the proposed algorithm to increase the rate of convergence for its better efficiency.
Formation synthesis. Revisiting the old problem
Authors:   Perm State University, Koryakin Vyacheslav V.
Published: September 2021

The key problem of social development is the unity and diversity of its staged transitions. Marxist literature of the second half of the 20th century tried to solve this issue within the framework of the formation synthesis concept. A concrete embodiment of this concept was implemented in medieval studies within the feudal synthesis concept. However, historical materialism largely gravitated to the abstract universal dialectic plan of historical reality analysis in which the description and explanation of the general in development was accompanied by a diminution of attention to the specific variety of the special in it. The excessive use of abstract-universal theory created a number of significant difficulties in the concrete analysis of the historical process, including difficulties in the analysis of specific transitions to a new formation. It is noteworthy that the variety of social development stages as a whole was described to the detriment of the diversity of individual societies, and vice versa. At the same time, empirical and conceptual generalizations were made in Soviet Marxism, which made it possible to go to the level of a concrete universal dialectic analysis of the historical process. In particular, it became possible to describe the formation transition as a process of the mutual transformation of the production methods of societies at different stages of development, which in turn made it possible to reveal the unity of the staged and synchronous diversity of historical reality.
Two-dimensional classification of psychological defense mechanisms
Authors:   Kazan Innovative University named after V.G. Timiryasov, Pilyugina Elena R.
Published: September 2021

The paper proposes the author’s classification of psychological defense mechanisms, consisting of 20 mechanisms and representing a two-dimensional model. The idea of this model is that these mechanisms have a cross-relationship between 4 levels of the hierarchy (psychotic, infantile, neurotic, and adaptive groups) and 5 types of overcoming frustration which are the basis for the formation and functioning of the defense mechanism. The novelty of the article is the idea that each of the 20 defense mechanisms belongs to one of the 5 types of overcoming frustration — distracting type (mechanisms of regression, action out, compensation, sublimation), «guilty» type (mechanisms of hypochondria, passive-aggressive behavior, reactive formation, altruism), avoiding type (mechanisms of repression, denial, avoidance, suppression), rationalizing type (mechanisms of dissociation, displacement/transfer, rationalization, humor), controlling type (mechanisms of isolation, projection, omnipotence, anticipation). The paper provides description of the defense mechanisms, examples of their manifestation, and possible reasons for their formation. The substantiation of the defense mechanisms’ belonging to the particular groups and types of classification is given. The classification is proposed as a convenient diagnostic tool for counseling psychologists, because it has an optimal number of defense mechanisms, fairly clear criteria for their determination, their location in the structure of psychological defense and the basis for their functioning. The article also provides an overview of current classifications of defense mechanisms and voices problems related to the identification and streamlining of defense mechanisms. These problems are the subtlety of semantic difference and blurring of borders between defense mechanisms, different interpretations in terminology due to difficulties in translation from foreign languages, differences in approaches to hierarchy of defense mechanisms.
Tolerance to foreign students in Russian Universities (a case study of Perm State University)
Authors:   Perm State University, Balezina Ekaterina A. , Forostyan Veronika V. ,   Perm State University
Published: September 2021

The competitiveness of a university is one of the requirements of the modern education market. In order to achieve it, Russian universities increase their educational and research potential. They invite foreign students and staff. This process requires methodological and cultural changes at the university. The creation of the environment fostering tolerant interaction between foreign and Russian students, the development of tolerance are among the mandatory changes. Tolerance reduces conflicts in society as a whole and diminishes intolerance towards other cultures, nations, races, and genders. This requires a lot of control during implementation and constant monitoring of the situation. Tolerance is manifested in the process of communication and is determined through the category «attitude» and its three components — emotional, behavioral, cognitive. The purpose of this article is to characterize the current state of tolerant relations between Russian and foreign students at Perm State University. The empirical base of the study is a survey of Russian students at Perm State University about their attitude to foreign students. The authors evaluate: 1) the current state of the three components of tolerant relationships (emotional, behavioral, cognitive); 2) students’ understanding of tolerant relations; 3) attitude to the foreigners’ adaptation to educational and extracurricular activities. Perm University has a favorable environment for the development of intercultural interaction among students. Respondents adequately understand tolerance and its features and are ready to respect the cultural, national characteristics of foreign students. In practical terms, the study can clarify ideas about successful ways of developing communication among representatives of different cultures and about ways of developing tolerant relations among students from different countries.
Social characteristics of occupation in the sphere of culture and their influence on the project activity introduction (a case study of rural settlements of the Udmurt Republic)
Authors:   Udmurt State University, Vlasova Tatiana A.
Published: September 2021

The content of professional activity of employees in the sphere of culture is being transformed under the influence of changing requirements from both the local authorities and the public. The requirements for cultural institutions are designed to provide commercialization of their activity. Under these circumstances, employees try to use various forms of fundraising including federal and local grant programs. Staff of rural cultural institutions find themselves in a particularly difficult situation due to the lack of institutional and personal resources. The article aims to identify the ways of involvement of employees in rural cultural institutions in innovative forms of work, both with the local population and with tourists. Within the framework of the study, there was conducted a survey of employees of cultural institutions (N206). It has been found that staff of rural cultural institutions have social characteristics that impede the transition to innovative forms of activity. Those employees who are gradually involved in project activities prefer the role of a provider rather than an initiator. The main difficulty in innovative and market-oriented activities is connected with the generation of new ideas. The most qualified employees with a high level of education and professional experience play a crucial role in promotion of the new methods of work. Methodologists and department heads apply for funds and carry out the main part of the project activities. The ways of working with locals are characterized by rural specifics. On the one hand, contacts with other social institutions, such as local administrations and schools, are used efficiently. On the other hand, working people and small business are not sufficiently engaged in volunteering. Such help is mainly provided by low income groups, which leads to the contradiction between the values of education and profit.
Self-informing of the population on social welfare and social services in modern Russia under the digitalization of society
Authors:   Perm State University, Gasumova Svetlana E.
Published: September 2021

We present an analysis of the new trends in the interaction between the social welfare system and citizens in the context of digitalization in Russia. These trends relate to the transition from the traditional model of work «man – man» to the remote model «man – computer – man». Particular emphasis is put on the inevitable acceleration of this process under the influence of the self-isolation due to the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. We describe in detail the tendency to form informal communities in the virtual space allowing the population to create additional, alternative self-informing channels about social benefits and social services. The reasons for the popularity of such essentially self-help groups in social networks, giving citizens a possibility to satisfy their information needs in matters of social welfare and social services without the participation of authorities, have been identified on the basis of a number of empirical studies conducted in the Perm region in 2020. A high level of public confidence in these alternative communication channels at the horizontal level is shown. At the same time, we present an analysis of the reasons for people’s dissatisfaction with the official channels of information due to a number of negative attitudes in the public consciousness regarding official websites of social welfare bodies and social agencies as well as the quality of face-to-face and distance counseling by their employees. There are given some recommendations on improving the digitalization of social welfare and social services, such as changing the approach to generating content on official web-sites, remote counseling methods, introducing Internet services for selecting benefits and social services, choosing a social agency, filing complaints, etc. The public expectations in this sphere are also presented.
Aesthetization of the image of androgyne in modern culture
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University, Izrina Svetlana O.
Published: September 2021

The article discusses the methods of anesthetization of the image of androgyne as one of the ways of androgynization of modern culture. A modern understanding of the phenomenon of androgyny is mainly considered in the context of gender identity. It is based on the psychological concept of Sandra Bem that has proved that a person, regardless of his or her biological sex, is able to combine feminine and masculine psychological characteristics and behavior models. That allows them to become more adaptive in society and act as efficiently as possible, choosing exactly what qualities to show depending on the situation. Some studies have noticed the dominance of the androgynous type among the youth, which possibly indicates the intensification of the androgynization process in modern society. Androgynization goes at various social and cultural levels: professional, economic, cultural, psychological and pedagogical. Moreover, some researchers observe the trend of formation of androgynous gender identity type. They also consider the process of androgynization in line with the civilizational approach. The present study focuses on analyzing one of the aspects of this global androgynization process — the effect of an art cinema work on the positive reception of androgyny in society through modeling of an aesthetically attractive androgynous image. As an illustration the author chose an image of the main hero in «Orlando» movie (1992) directed by Sally Potter.
The role of organizational culture and management practices in the development of trust in organizations: experience of Russian and foreign research*
Authors:   Perm State University, Germanov Igor A. , Markova Yulia S. ,   Perm State University, Bezrukov Anton V. ,   Perm State University
Published: September 2021

The relevance of the topic is justified by the objective need to modernize domestic enterprises in response to the changing conditions and increasing uncertainty of the external competitive environment. The success of implementing various innovations in an organization largely depends on the support for innovative projects from its employees. Organizational trust is considered as one of the conditions for the formation of such support. Organizational trust is defined as the acceptance of vulnerability based on the confidence in one’s expectations towards others. Standardization of these expectations in the form of values and norms is provided by organizational culture. Based on theoretical arguments and results of empirical research conducted by both Russian and foreign authors, the paper reveals the influence that organizational culture elements and management practices have on the development of organizational trust. The analysis focuses on the interpersonal level of the formation and development of organizational trust in situations of horizontal and vertical interaction. The literature review allowed us to identify the main cultural and managerial factors for the formation of organizational culture of trust. The regularities that reflect the conditionality of organizational trust are formulated: it depends on the degree of consistency of organizational goals, values, and norms; the manifestation in organizational rituals and activities; a supportive management style; an open control system and a fair system of sanctions. It is shown that the literature pays insufficient attention to the specifics of trust formation as a factor of industrial enterprises modernization. A list of research hypotheses about the influence of organizational culture elements on organizational trust is formulated, which can become the basis for the study of the process of forming organizational culture of trust at industrial enterprises.
Development of the ecosystem of social entrepreneurship in the Northwestern region of Russia*
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University, Ivanova Maria M. , Borodkina Olga I. ,   Saint Petersburg State University
Published: September 2021

The article deals with the concept of the social entrepreneurship ecosystem and analyzes existing practices of social entrepreneurship in the northwestern region of Russia. Social entrepreneurship is designed to solve social problems through the use of sustainable economic instruments; social business results in social transformations associated with improving the quality of life of individual social groups and citizens. The state, the social capital, the market for social services and the infrastructure support were identified as the main elements and subjects of the ecosystem. The research is based on federal and regional statistics on the development of the non-governmental sector and social entrepreneurship, data from registers of social service providers, as well as regulatory legal acts on social entrepreneurship. Data analysis was carried out for all the main subjects of the northwestern region (St. Petersburg, Leningrad region, Kaliningrad region, etc.). The study results show that the legal foundations for the development of social entrepreneurship have been developed. There are various measures of state support, including state subsidies, loans, with a fairly wide regional diversity observed. At the same time, at present the non-governmental sector of social services does not fully meet the existing needs. This is reflected in the insufficient number of socially oriented nonprofit organizations and social entrepreneurs, and in the relatively small proportion of the population involved in the non-governmental sector of social services. However, we should note the active development of the infrastructure for training social entrepreneurs, which includes accelerators, a business incubator, information and consulting support for social entrepreneurs.
Breves variaciones sobre un tema original
Authors: Gómez Alvarez Isabel
Published: September 2021

Esta obra se empezó a escribir en 2017 en el segundo semestre del pregrado en composición y fue terminada en 2021 con motivo de la convocatoria en la cual resultó ganadora. En la obra se busca una sonoridad lúgubre y se hace alusión a etapas de un duelo, principalmente negación e ira.
Science. Technology. Innovation
Authors: Gokhberg Leonid , Ditkovskiy Kirill , Evnevich Evgeniya , Kotsemir Maxim , Kuznetsova Irina , Martynova Svetlana , Polyakova Valentina , Ratay Tatyana , Rosovetskaya Larisa , Sagieva Galina , Streltsova Ekaterina , Suslov Anton , Tarasenko Irina , Fridlyanova Svetlana , Fursov Konstantin , Varzanovtseva Irina
Published: September 2021

This pocket data book contains main S&T and innovation indicators for the Russian Federation. The publication includes the most recent statistical data on R&D input and output, as well as international comparisons. The data book includes information of the Russian Federal State Statistics Service, Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation, Russian Federal Service for Intellectual Property (Rospatent), Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), European Statistical Office (Eurostat), UNESCO, World Intellectual Property Organisation (WIPO), national statistical offices of other countries, and results of own methodological and analytical studies of the HSE Institute for Statistical Studies and Economics of Knowledge. In some cases, the presented data specify those published earlier.
Student surveys: how to turn formality into opportunity. case of the Taras Shevchenko National University Of Kyiv
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Liashchenko D. K.
Published: September 2021

Analytical note
The Use of Computer Tools in Assessing the Development of Learning Interactions in Primary Schoolchildren
Authors: Konokotin A.V.
Published: September 2021

The article presents results of a study on the possibilities of using the ‘Scales’ research technique for assessing the effectiveness of learning interactions in primary school children. The study involved 90 students of primary school (N=90), grades 1 to 4. We discuss the issue of using computer tools in activity- based assessments. In our study, we have implemented the fundamental theoretical principle, according to which the very nature of participants’ activities determines the structure of the digital system construction. We show that evaluating the effectiveness of learning interactions in joint problem-solving tasks is possible in situations when the ‘digital shell’ of the students’ activities becomes a means to actualize the processes of communication, exchange of actions, mutual understanding and reflection, which determine the process of setting the learning task and finding the generalised way of solving it. It is noted that in the course of solving experimental problems, there is a qualitative change in these processes, which are an integral characteristic of the sense of community that arises between children and adults and, in turn, allows children to reach beyond the framework of the current subject problem and to move over to meaning-based interactions (Z=-3.651, Asympt.Sig.(2-tailed)<0.001, p=0.05).
Exploring Dialogic Position of Psychology Students in Educational Process
Authors: Suryaninova T.I. , Fetisova A.S.
Published: September 2021

The process of psychotherapeutic practice requires the psychologist to be able to engage in dialogue. To date, no express tests have been developed to assess the dialogic position. In the course of theoretical analysis we identified the main views on understanding the dialogic position, qualities that contribute to its development (empathy, reflectivity, personality orientation in communication) and developed a projective technique for its assessment. The expression of these qualities was in- vestigated in 80 students of biotechnology and clinical psychology programmes. The sample was represented by one experimental (20 subjects) and three control groups (20 subjects each). The following research techniques were applied: “Reflectivity as a psychological attribute” by A.R. Karpov; “Assessment of empathy levels” by V.V. Boyko; “Personality orientation in communication” by S.N. Bratchenko. Analysis of the results’ factor structure showed the presence of three fac- tors closely related to empathy, reflectivity, features of dialogic orientation and dialogic position. The study confirmed the hypothesis that there is a relationship between the orientation of the educational process and the development of the dialogic position. The procedure of verification of the developed technique con- firmed its effectiveness in assessing the dialogic position.
Incentivos e tipologia de sistemas produtivos leiteiros que participam de programas para a melhoria da qualidade do leite
Authors: Monteiro Junior Clodoaldo Souza , Bánkuti Ferenc Istvan , Martinelli Raiane Real , Lima Pedro Gustavo Loesia , Mendonça Bruna Sesco de , Santos Marcio Gregório Rojas
Published: September 2021

O Estado do Paraná é o terceiro maior produtor de leite do Brasil, atividade que desempenha importante papel social e econômico. Neste trabalho, buscou-se comparar as características estruturais e produtivas dos produtores rurais que participam e não participam de programas para melhoria da qualidade do leite definidos pela indústria. A coleta de dados foi realizada a partir de formulário aplicado junto a 42 produtores de leite localizados nas mesorregiões Oeste, Centro Oeste, Centro Norte, Noroeste e Sudoeste do Estado do Paraná, que foram divididos em dois grupos: G1 (n = 28) aqueles que não participam de programas de melhoria da qualidade e G2 (n = 14) aqueles que participam. Os produtores que participam de programas de melhoria da qualidade do leite apresentaram maior número de funcionários na atividade leiteira e maior volume de leite produzido (p < 0,05). Além disso, utilizavam com maior frequência técnicas de pré e pós-dipping e possuíam melhor conhecimento sobre os parâmetros para melhoria da qualidade do leite, como contagem bacteriana total, contagem de células somáticas, proteína e gordura. Esses produtores tinham a oferta de assistência técnica como principal estímulo para a participação dos programas. Dessa forma, programas para a melhoria da qualidade do leite estabelecidos pela indústria podem representar uma importante estratégia para incentivar os agricultores a aumentar o volume e a qualidade do leite produzido.
Telhado verde e seu desempenho térmico em residências de regiões semiáridas
Authors: Alves Josias Jordão Andrade , Bezerra Cinara Wanderléa Félix , Silva Filho Renato Veríssimo da , Souza José Victor da Silva , Cordeiro José Allysson , Silva Luzia Ferreira da
Published: September 2021

O telhado verde é utilizado como alternativa para o resfriamento térmico residencial, pois auxilia na transferência de calor e proporciona benefícios ambientais e econômicos. Desta forma, esta pesquisa objetivou avaliar se a presença do telhado verde altera as condições térmicas residenciais em região semiárida. O telhado verde foi conduzido em área residencial, onde se instalaram dois sensores (termo-higrômetro) em ambiente interno e externo. Foi determinada uma área de 8,4 m2 para o telhado verde, onde foram instaladas quatro camadas (compensado de madeira, carpete, papelão e substrato) e, em seguida, realizado o transplantio de Selaginella convoluta (Selaginellaceae). Os tratamentos foram realizados em duas situações distintas, analisando o ambiente interno e externo, com e sem utilização de telhado verde (EXTER_S, EXTER_C, INTER_S e INTER_C). Os dados da temperatura e umidade relativa foram coletados às 09, 15 e 21 horas durante oito dias e submetidos ao teste de Tukey (p
Emissão de gases do efeito estufa no Brasil: análise de curto e longo prazo
Authors: Mattei Taíse Fátima , Cunha Marina Silva da
Published: September 2021

A discussão sobre emissões de gases do efeito estufa e alterações no sistema global são temas frequentemente debatidos pela literatura nacional e internacional. Assim, este artigo tem por objetivo examinar os determinantes das emissões líquidas de gases do efeito estufa no Brasil, para o período de 1990 até 2017, inserindo variáveis até então não consideradas. Utilizou-se a abordagem para séries temporais e os elementos analisados foram população, PIB per capita, rebanho de bovinos e frota de veículos. Primeiramente, os testes de raiz unitária revelaram que as variáveis são integradas de ordem (I(1)). Os resultados posteriores indicaram haver cointegração, sendo, portanto, estimado um modelo VEC. O modelo VEC revelou não haver relacionamento de curto prazo entre as variáveis, mas no longo prazo, o aumento de 1% no rebanho de bovinos aumentou as emissões líquidas de gases do efeito estufa em 4,41% no período, já o aumento de 1% na frota de veículos reduziu as emissões em 2,62%. Embora o efeito negativo da frota de veículos foi contrário ao esperado, afirmou-se que a redução das emissões superou o efeito do tamanho da frota no período devido ao período relativamente curto de análise, a situação econômica de crise recente e a introdução da injeção eletrônica e catalisador de três vias nos veículos. Mesmo assim as evidências alertam para a necessidade de políticas econômicas e energéticas de longo prazo no Brasil.
Produção e caracterização das misturas do diesel com biodiesel de óleo de milho
Authors: Hyppolito Marcel Lúcio , Souza Luan Alves de , Silva Ivênio Moreira da , Silva Flávio Castro da , Lopes Laurênio Ferreira
Published: September 2021

A demanda global de energia aumentou significativamente e as nações passaram a depender do petróleo como a principal fonte energética. No entanto, o uso desta matéria-prima tende a apresentar limitações em relação à disponibilidade a longo prazo. Dessa forma, o estudo de diferentes matérias-primas para a produção de combustíveis renováveis é de grande importância. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo a produção de biodiesel de milho e o estudo das características físico-químicas das misturas diesel-biodiesel nas proporções de 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80% e 90%. O biodiesel foi produzido por rota metílica, utilizando hidróxido de sódio (NaOH) como catalisador. A transesterificação ocorreu sob agitação magnética, sendo respeitada a proporção de 6 mols de álcool metílico para 1 mol de óleo vegetal, 1% de NaOH na base volumétrica e tempo de agitação de 60 minutos. Observou-se aumento da massa específica e viscosidade cinemática em relação à proporção de biodiesel nas misturas. Os resultados indicaram que a produção de biodiesel a partir de óleo de milho obteve rendimento médio satisfatório de 94,29% e que apenas as misturas diesel-biodiesel B10, B20, B30, B40 e B50 apresentaram massa específica e viscosidade cinemática em padrões concordantes com a norma.
Redes neurais artificiais para estimativa da fitotoxidez de Saflufenacil em mudas de Café Conilon
Authors: Locatelli Tamara , Freitas Ismael Lourenço de Jesus , Freitas Silvério de Paiva , Vitória Edney Leandro da , Batista Aclécia Gonçalves , Locatelli Tallita Pedroni
Published: September 2021

A inobservância das boas práticas na aplicação de herbicidas nas entrelinhas do cafeeiro pode causar deriva e consequente casos de fitotoxidez em cafeeiros. A determinação da fitotoxidez é normalmente realizada por meio de escalas que são métodos subjetivos e podem levar a erros de diagnóstico. Desta forma, o objetivo do trabalho foi verificar se os parâmetros fisiológicos e biométricos, utilizando a rede neural, são bons indicadores de fitotoxidez, bem como estimar a fitotoxidez causada pelo herbicida Saflufenacil em plantas de café conilon. O experimento foi implantado em casa de vegetação na Fazenda Experimental da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, câmpus São Mateus, ES. Foram utilizadas mudas de café conilon clone LB1. As mudas foram cultivadas em vasos de 5 L. O delineamento utilizado foi inteiramente casualizado com 15 repetições. Os tratamentos foram as subdoses de Saflufenacil: 10, 20, 30 e 40% da dose comercial. Os parâmetros avaliados foram: altura, diâmetro de caule, número de folhas e ramos plagiotrópicos, fluorescência da clorofila “a”, índice de clorofila, teores de pigmentos e avaliação de fitotoxidez visual. Para estimar a fitotoxidez, as RNAs foram treinadas utilizando o algoritmo Resilient Propagation com 3.000 ciclos. Os parâmetros fisiológicos e biométricos são bons indicadores do estado em que a planta se encontra. Foi possível estimar a fitotoxidez do herbicida Saflufenacil utilizando os parâmetros fisiológicos e biométricos via redes neurais com eficiência, sendo que as estimativas dos erros de modelagem não foram superiores a 5% em sua maioria.
Fatores sociodemográficos e de saúde intervenientes na funcionalidade e atividade física de idosos
Authors: Oliveira Daniel Vicentini , Oliveira Rogéria Vicentini de , Nascimento Matheus Amarante do , Caruzo Géssica Aline , Nascimento Júnior José Roberto Andrade do , Bertolini Sônia Maria Marques Gomes , Cavaglieri Cláudia Regina
Published: September 2021

O presente estudo transversal teve como objetivo identificar os fatores sociodemográficos e de saúde intervenientes na funcionalidade e atividade física de 654 idosos usuários das Unidades Básicas de Saúde (UBSs) de Maringá, Paraná, Brasil. Utilizou-se questionário de perfil sociodemográfico e de saúde, o International Physical Activity Questionnaire, e o WHODAS 2.0. A análise dos dados foi feita por meio do teste Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Kruskal-Wallis e “U” de Mann-Whitney (p
Sobrecarga de trabalho em unidades hospitalares: percepção de enfermeiros
Authors: Trindade Liliane Ribeiro , Silva Rosângela Marion da , Beck Carmem Lúcia Colomé , Cardoso Leticia Silveira , Freitas Etiane de Oliveira , Lima Suzinara Beatriz Soares de , Trindade Maiara Leal da
Published: September 2021

Conhecer a percepção de enfermeiros sobre a sobrecarga de trabalho em unidades hospitalares. Pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa, exploratória-descritiva, realizada em um hospital de ensino no Rio Grande do Sul. Participaram enfermeiros atuantes em serviços de internação clínica e cirúrgica. A coleta dos dados ocorreu por meio da observação sistemática não participante e entrevista semiestruturada. Para a análise dos dados foi utilizada a técnica de análise do conteúdo temática. Participaram 12 enfermeiros. Das categorias emergiram relatos de materiais de insumo de baixa qualidade, interrupções no desenvolvimento do trabalho, consequências decorrentes da sobrecarga para a saúde dos profissionais e estratégias de enfrentamento a respeito da mesma. É imprescindível o planejamento de ações que busquem minimizar a sobrecarga de trabalho e, assim, preservar e promover a saúde dos enfermeiros, na perspectiva da valorização e apoio, possibilitando a oferta de uma assistência integral e de qualidade.
Desempenho ocupacional de cuidadores de usuários de um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial Infantojuveni
Authors: Domingues Gabriela Gonçalves da Cruz , Corradi-Webster Clarissa Mendonça , Ruzzi-Pereira Andrea
Published: September 2021

Ser cuidador ocasiona mudanças em diversos contextos da vida do sujeito. O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar alterações no desempenho ocupacional de familiares que se tornaram cuidadores primários de crianças ou adolescentes em tratamento de transtornos mentais. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa da qual participaram 17 cuidadores de crianças ou adolescentes em tratamento em um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial Infantojuvenil. Os dados foram coletados por meio da Medida Canadense de Desempenho Ocupacional e de uma entrevista semiestruturada e averiguados mediante a análise de conteúdo temático-categorial. A maioria dos respondentes eram do gênero feminino, apresentaram problemas nos cuidados pessoais e na independência fora de casa; além disso, diminuíram a carga horária de trabalho, inclusive as tarefas, e reduziram a recreação e a socialização. Concluiu-se que ser cuidador de criança ou adolescente com doença mental influencia o desempenho de atividade de autocuidado, de produtividade e de lazer.
Fatores associados a quedas entre idosos adscritos à Estratégia Saúde da Família: estudo transversal
Authors: Vieira Gabriela Itagiba Aguiar , Pereira Daniele Sirineu , Silva Silvia Lanziotti Azevedo da
Published: September 2021

Este estudo objetivou identificar fatores associados a quedas entre idosos adscritos à Estratégia de Saúde da Família (ESF). Estudo transversal observacional exploratório de base populacional, realizado com amostra de 571 idosos. A coleta de dados foi realizada por instrumento semiestruturado e testes validados GDS-Scale, FESI-Brasil, TUG test, e SPPB. As associações foram determinadas por Modelos de Regressão Logística. Em relação à ocorrência de quedas no ano anterior, 139 (26%) relataram ter sofrido queda. Foram associados a quedas maior número de comorbidades (OR1,56 IC95%1,007-2,430), uso de dispositivo auxiliar de marcha (OR2,18 IC95%1,054-4,556), relato de alteração auditiva (OR1,61 IC95%1,036-2,495), negativa de prática regular de exercício físico (OR0,571 IC95%0,359-0,895), presença de dor (OR1,650 IC95%1,073-2,558), e baixa autoeficácia em relação a quedas (OR1,568 IC95%1,010-2,442). Foram identificados ao final do estudo seis fatores associados a quedas entre idosos adscritos à ESF, que devem ser inseridos na avaliação desta população.
Perfil de idosos atendidos na fisioterapia em universidade federal entre 2009-2019: estudo retrospectivo
Authors: Silva Viviane Carla Rodrigues da , Guerino Marcelo Renato , Rodrigues François Talles Medeiros , Alves Kennedy Freitas Pereira , Trigueiro Larissa Coutinho de Lucena , Ferreira Ana Paula de Lima , Araújo Maria das Graças Rodrigues de
Published: September 2021

Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar perfil de idosos atendidos em laboratório de pesquisa em fisioterapia do Recife. Foi um estudo descritivo, longitudinal e retrospectivo que analisou prontuários de pacientes idosos ≥ 60 anos, datados entre 2009-2019. As variáveis coletadas foram sociodemográficas, clínicas e antropométricas, e a análise dos dados foi realizada no SPSS, versão 23.0, utilizando análise descritiva. As variáveis categóricas estão expressas em frequência absoluta e relativa, e as quantitativas em média e desvio padrão. Foram analisados dados de 187 idosos, com média de idade 68,88 ±6,47; 154 (82,4%) eram do sexo feminino; 80 (43%) eram casados e 122 (52%) residiam em Recife. Das cidades da região metropolitana, Jaboatão dos Guararapes apresentou grande concentração dessa população. Os desfechos apresentaram uma população que está acima do peso e cujo diagnóstico predominante foi osteoporose. Dentre as comorbidades frequentemente associadas estão a hipertensão arterial sistêmica, obesidade, artrose, dores articulares e diabetes. O perfil de idosos atendidos na Universidade Federal de Pernambuco foi importante para identificar as principais características dessa população, suas comorbidades e assim nortear abordagens clínicas de suporte ao Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS).
Efeito do exercício de respiração lenta e guiada na pressão arterial de idosos hipertensos institucionalizados
Authors: Lopes Diógenes Alexandre da Costa , Souza André Luiz Thomaz de , Gusmão Josiane Lima de
Published: September 2021

Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito do exercício de respiração lenta e guiada sobre a pressão arterial em idosos hipertensos estágios 1 e 2 de uma instituição de longa permanência. Trata-se de um estudo prospectivo, randomizado e aberto com 31 idosos divididos em dois grupos. O grupo intervenção realizou exercícios de respiração lenta e guiada com auxílio do dispositivo Resperate® por 15 minutos, três vezes por semana, durante oito semanas. O grupo controle utilizou um aparelho de MP3 para ouvir música relaxante no mesmo período. Um dispositivo oscilométrico automático foi usado para medição da pressão arterial. O grupo intervenção apresentou redução significativa (p < 0,05) na pressão arterial sistólica após oito semanas (de 149,8±10,4 mmHg para 141,5 ± 3,4 mmHg) e na pressão diastólica (de 93,2±4,8 mmHg para 88,3±3,8 mmHg). Concluiu-se que o exercício de respiração lenta e guiada pode ser uma alternativa no tratamento não medicamentoso para hipertensos residentes instituições de longa permanência.