bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALISIS PERBANDINGAN PRODUKSI BIOGAS CAMPURAN KOTORAN AYAM DAN KOTORAN SAPI DENGAN STARTER RUMEN SAPI
Authors: Suanggana Doddy , Manta Faisal , Hanifudin Reza Naufal
Published: November 2022

Biogas is a combustible gas produced by anaerobic activity or the fermentation of organic matter by microorganisms. This study produces biogas made from chicken manure and cow manure with a ratio of mass composition D1 (25%: 75%), mass composition D2 (50%: 50%), and mass composition D3 (75%: 25%) with a combined mixture that is 75% of the digester capacity and the addition of beef rumen by 1 kg in all variations as a starter. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of composition on pressure, mass, temperature, and flame quality of the biogas production of chicken manure and cow manure with a mixture of cow rumen. Data were collected every 06.00 WITA and 18.00 WITA and temperature measurements were every 6 hours for 20 consecutive days. The results showed that the temperature at 18.00 WITA was better than at 06.00 WITA with the highest temperature occurring in the D2 variation of 29.85oC. The results of the measurement of biogas mass and pressure showed that the highest value was in the D3 variation at 18.00 WITA on the day to -9 with values ​​of 68.32 grams and 0.054 bar, respectively, with the total mass and pressure of biogas in the D3 variation of 401.14 grams and 0.391 bar.

 

Keywords: Biogas, Chicken Manure, Cow Manure, and Cow Rumen.
2013 Favorite Subscription 2022 PhS Library Issue 5 (june) PhS Library Issue 4 (april) PhS Library Issue 3 (february) PhS Library Issue 2 (december) You are here Home » Archive » 2022 ISSUE No 6 (November) Добавить статью GENERAL AND APPLIED LINGUISTICS Category functions in the process of recategorization Ch.G. Gogichev Pages: 3..11 DOI: 10.20339/PhS.6-22.003 1 Правка The mechanisms of deviation from norms in computer-mediated communication I.G. Ovchinnikova, L.L. Cherepanova Pages: 12..20 DOI: 10.20339/PhS.6-22.012 1 Правка Influence of national characteristics on the formation of conceptual structure of diplomatic style
Authors:   Baitursynov Institute of Linguistics, Amirbekova Aigul , Ismailova Fariza ,   Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University, Yessenova Kalbike , Yersultanova Gauhar ,   Almaty Management University, Kenzhebaeva Guldariga ,   Altynsarin National Academy of Education
Published: November 2022

The purpose of the article is to form a conceptual structure of the diplomatic style. The diplomatic style is not diplomatic discourse. Both are two different categories. The parameters of diplomatic communication for modern society differ in style. Diplomacy is a diplomatic tactic not only in relations between states but also in the management of social groups and interpersonal relations. Successful diplomatic communication requires effective strategy and tactical skills. Because diplomatic communication is a socio-political relationship, it has a style. The article presents a conceptual structure typical of the diplomatic style. First, the stylistic structure of the diplomatic language was determined, gestures and facial expressions used in diplomatic relations were analyzed. Types of negotiations, the characteristics of a diplomat — the characteristics of a leader were identified. The etiquette of diplomatic speech was defined. The etiquette of diplomatic uniforms has been clarified. All this proved to be a conceptual structure of diplomatic style. Diplomacy of agreement and compromise is not only a peacemaker but also a commercial interest, an invitation to trade, publication, distribution‎.
Reconstruction of metaphorical conceptualization of nouns with abstract semantics
Authors:   Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Arsenyeva Irina A.
Published: November 2022

The article is devoted to the issue of considering the process of metaphorization of nouns with abstract semantics (authority, fear, grief, joy, anger, dispute, life, time etc.) in relation to the theory of conceptual metaphor (J. Lakoff, M. Johnson, V.A. Uspensky, N.D. Arutyunova, Yu.D. Apresyan, E.S. Kubryakova, Yu.S. Stepanov, E. Cassirer, Z. Kövecses, etc.). According to this theory, during metaphorization, abstract nouns are conceptualized in the form of concrete ones and semantic correspondences between the source domain and the target domain are established. The article discusses issues related to the characteristic of the human brain to find correspondences between concrete and abstract objects, between material and spiritual entities and the process of metaphorization, which is a consequence of such a characteristic of the brain. The author examines in detail on the main postulates of the theory of conceptual metaphor: on the history of its creation, on the interpretation of the term “conceptual metaphor”, on the principles of comparing one target domain with several source domains and one source domain with different target domains; describes the types of hierarchical systems of cognitive metaphors; analyzes the mechanism of “constructing reality” by selecting and applying a specific source domain for a specific target domain and gives examples of “metaphorical conclusions.
The cognition of sleep in R. Irwin’s novel “The Arabian Nightmare”
Authors:   Samara State Technical University, Linnichenko Svetlana I.
Published: November 2022

The article analyzes the author’s concept of “dream” in R. Irwin’s novel “The Arabian Nightmare” from the point of view of the cognitive-creative approach. It has been established that the concept is heterogeneous and is structured from eight cognithemes. The most widely represented cognithemes are “types of sleep” and “sleep as a way of cognition”. This is followed by “sleep problems”, “staying in a dream”, “sleep teachers”, “mystical creatures of the dream world”. The cognithemes “falling into sleep” and “awakening” are the least represented. The analysis of the linguistic expression of the author’s concept showed that all the indicated cognithemes, except for “sleep as a way of cognition” are realized mainly with the help of explicit language means, among which nominal and verbal word-combinations prevail. The cognitheme “sleep as a way of cognition” is the key one and is expressed through numerous metaphors: dream like an ocean; dream like death; dream as communication with God; dream as a way of knowing the real world and dream as a source of creativity. It is concluded that the concept of “dream” in R. Irwin’s novel implements new artistic meanings that can only be described in a special language, which, in turn, opens up new perspectives in the study of author’s cognition.
“The Fiery Symphony”: Novels by Andrey Bely and Gustav Meyrink through typological perspective
Authors:   Petrozavodsk State University, Sharapenkova Natalia G.
Published: November 2022

The article brings to the attention of a highly urgent problem of modern literature — the studying of transitional, milestones periods in the history of world literature. In this regard the author researches new value orientations and features of poetics by Andrey Bely and Gustav Meyrink, Russian and Austrian modernist writers of the early XX century. The comparative method, which was applied in the studying, allowed to determine more clearly national specificities of ideostyles of each writer, define similarities and opposite focuses of the writers’ intentions. Special attention is paid to the analysis of the “fiery theme” (motives of fire, flame, sun) in Andrey Bely’s novel “Moscow” and Gustav Meyrink’s novel “The Golem”. The article examines the connection of the fire, presented in a wide Сhristian, mythological, occult-kabalistic and anthroposophical contexts, and a spiritual rebirth of “heroes of the path” (Y.M. Lotman), a scientist, Ivan Korobkin, and a carver of the stones, Atanasius Pernat. The author suggests one of the ways of “reading” (interpretation) of the most complicated and complex novels of the XX century, which allows in Russian literary studies to build the evolution of Andrey Bely and Gustav Meyrink as novelists and, moreover, to define literary Russian-Austrian convergences in greater detail. The current article presents the long-term work of the author — a specialist in the field of Andrey Bely studies, as well as in determining the features of non-dogmatic spirituality of writers.
Selección referencial en textos escritos en hñöhñö (otomí de Tolimán)
Authors: Hernández-Green Néstor
Published: November 2022

A nivel tipológico, la selección referencial (esto es, la decisión de utilizar una u otra forma lingüística para mencionar un referente en el discurso) está correlacionada, entre otros factores, con la distancia referencial (es decir, el número de cláusulas entre una mención de un referente y la mención anterior a dicho referente; ver Givón 1983: 13). En este trabajo se analiza y describe la correlación entre distancia referencial y las estrategias referenciales (es decir, las formas seleccionadas para hacer mención de un referente) dentro de un corpus escrito en hñöhñö, por medio de dos métodos estadísticos: prueba de Kruskal-Wallis (Kruskal y Wallis 1952) y análisis de correspondencias (Benzécri 1973). La metodología de trabajo se basa en los métodos utilizados en Kibrik (2011).
BUSINESS MODEL CANVAS, COPYWRITING AND CREATIVE CONTENT TRAINING FOR MICRO, SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES IN TUBAN
Authors: Bahtera Novyandri Taufik , Estetiono Andi , Salam Moh. Darus
Published: November 2022

Background: The problem faced by Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Tegalagung Village, Semanding District, Tuban Regency is the lack of attractive product descriptions and information displayed on social media and marketplace platforms that they already have. In addition, MSMEs also find it difficult to determine the value proposition of the product so that it is difficult to differentiate themselves from their competitors and cannot compete in the market. MSMEs are also not right in determining their market segments, fostering poor relationships with customers and partners, and determining product distribution channels that are still wrong. Objective: This activity aims to provide solutions from problem descriptions and unattractive product information and product value identification by providing Copywriting and Creative Content and Business Model Canvas (BMC) training to make product descriptions and information more attractive so that consumers can make transactions. purchasing and Identifying and compiling 9 components of BMC. Methods: Participants were explained about the function of copywriting in making social media statuses more attractive, captions on Instagram, and interesting articles/content on the website. In addition, participants were explained about content marketing using AIDA theory, namely Attention, Interest, Desire and Action. Results: The participants gained increased knowledge and understanding in terms of preparing the Business Model Canvas and Creative Content and Copywriting for businesses. Conclusion: The community service program has obtained the expected results, namely MSME actors can identify and create their Business Model in the correct BMC format.
Politik pendidikan: Respons kebijakan desentralisasi dalam penyelenggaraan urusan pendidikan menengah di Kota Surabaya
Authors: Widyanto Indra
Published: November 2022

Research done by looking at the phenomena that occur in the process of handover Affairs organizing equal high school education from City Government to the provincial government. Act No. 23-year 2014 about local government that has been in effect became the legal basis for the change of venue secondary education affairs. Changes to this affair had a chance to get a rejection from the head area of the city/county level, one of which the city of Surabaya. Qualitative research-descriptive using the theory of decentralization. The purpose of change the organization of the education is done so that each level of Government has a particular focus in the field of education. In the process of the transition of the Organization of the secondary education reap the response of the Government of the city of Surabaya and East Java provincial government. Changes made in adjusting the policy of decentralization that is created. The results of these studies gave rise to the implications of changes in the organization of secondary education. The policy of decentralization provide implications on educators, budget, and social.
The teaching, learning and assessment of health advocacy in a South African College of Health Sciences
Authors: van Staden D. , Duma S.
Published: November 2022

Health advocacy is a core competency identified by Health Professions Council of South Africa to be acquired by health professional graduates. There is a lack of information on how health advocacy (HA) is taught and assessed in health science programmes. The aim of the study was to explore the teaching, learning and assessment of HA in undergraduate health science programmes at a South African university. Methods: Curriculum mapping of eight programmes and a Focus Group Discussion (FGD) with eleven key informants were conducted using a sequential mixed methods approach. Content analysis was used to analyse Curriculum Mapping data. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the FGD data. Results from both data sets were triangulated. Results: Six themes emerged: Perceived importance of HA role for health practitioners; Implicit HA content in curricula; HA as an implicit learning outcome; Teaching HA in a spiral curriculum approach; Authentic Assessment of HA, and Perceived barriers to incorporation of HA into curricula. Conclusion and Recommendations: HA is perceived as an important role for health professionals but it is not explicitly taught and assessed in undergraduate health sciences programmes. Barriers to its teaching and assessment can be addressed through capacity development of academics. Keywords: advocacy, authentic assessment, core competencies, curriculum, health advocacy, health advocate, health professions education, health sciences, teaching and learning
Exploring the developmental trajectory of becoming a student leader: Developmental, transformational and transactional approaches to leadership
Authors: Sokhela N. C. , Murhula P. B. B.
Published: November 2022

The aim of this research is to examine the developmental trajectory of students’ leadership. The developmental trajectory of student leadership is dependent upon several interacting theoretical foundations such as developmental, transformational and transactional approaches to leadership. All these approaches are specific and interactional which makes them feasible choices for the theoretical foundation about students’ leadership. Using a qualitative research approach and drawing on interviews conducted with students’ leaders of the University College Cork in Ireland, the results indicated that students’ leaders are very much influenced in their choices and actions by considerations for their future, and the development of skills and experiences that will provide personal and organisational benefit to those involved. Whilst leadership styles at this stage of their development seemed to be in a state of flux and had not been fully honed within students’ leaders, there were notable findings relating to the importance of them to be mentored by experienced leaders from their institution. Keywords: students, leadership, students' leadership, higher education
İkinci Meşrutiyet Dönemi’nde Gensoru Önergelerinin İşleyişi ve Uygulamasında Karşılaşılan Sorunlar
Authors: GAZEL Ahmet Ali
Published: November 2022

Kânun-ı Esasi’nin tam olarak parlamenter sisteme göre yapılandırılmamış olmasından dolayı, I. Meşrutiyet Dönemi’nde parlamenter sistem pek çok yönden eksik kalmıştır. 1909 yılına gelindiğinde ise Kânun-ı Esasi’de yapılan değişikliklerle, parlamenter sistem oldukça demokratik bir yapıya kavuşturulmuştur. Parlamenter denetim açısından en önemli değişiklik ise hükûmetin meclise karşı sorumlu hale getirilmiş olmasıdır. Ancak bazı hukuki eksiklikler ve tecrübesizlikler nedeniyle denetim mekanizmalarının işleyiş ve uygulamasında sorunlar yaşanmıştır. Örneğin ne anayasada ne de 1877 Mebusan ve Ayan Meclisleri iç tüzüklerinde, soru önergesine ait bir kural bulunmamaktadır. Bu nedenle II. Meşrutiyet Dönemi’nde soru önergeleri çeşitli tartışmalara neden olmuş ve bu dönemde soru önergeleri teamüllere göre işlemiştir.Gensoru, hem anayasada ve hem de Mebusan İç tüzüğünde yer almıştır. Ancak nazırların meclise karşı sorumlu olmaması gensoruyu işlevsiz hale getirmiştir. 1909 yılında, gensoru açısından Kanun-ı Esasi’de önemli değişiklikler yapılmış ve hükûmet üyeleri Mebusan Meclisi’ne karşı sorumlu hâle getirilmiştir. Hatta Türk parlamento tarihinde ilk defa bir sadrazam güvensizlik oyu ile iktidardan düşürülmüştür. Makalede gensoru önergesinin işleyişi ve karşılaşılan sorunlar özellikle Meclis-i Mebusan Zabıt Ceridesi’ne dayalı olarak incelenmiştir.
Keberadaan Klausul Yang Tidak Dapat Diubah (Unamendable Provisions) Sebagai Identitas Konstitusi
Authors: Kurniawati Ika
Published: November 2022

Unamendable provisions are provisions set in order to limit the constitutional amendments. There are unamendable provisions that are implied or affirmed directly by the Constitution and there are those that may appear in the future should there be a dispute over the constitutional amendments. The concept of constitutional identity is always associated with unamendable provisions. The problems raised in this research are, first, how is the arrangement of unamendable provisions as constitutional identity in the 1945 Constitution? and second, what is the authority of the People's Consultative Assembly (MPR) in constitutional amendments to the Constitution? This is a juridical normative research, which the results of the research conclude that first, the existence of unamendable provisions as a constitutional identity must be expressly stated in the Constitution. Unamendable provisions are implicitly contained in Article 37 paragraph (5) of the 1945 Constitution and in the basic agreement made by the founding fathers of the nation before amending the Constitution. Second, the MPR's authority to amend the constitution is actually limited by provisions called unamendable provisions. This provision is contained in Article 37 paragraph (5) of the 1945 Constitution and is contained in the basic agreement which since the beginning of Indonesia's independence has been established by the nation's founders as a limiting provision in amending the constitution. Although, the MPR has a very large authority given by the 1945 Constitution in amending the constitution, but in carrying it out the MPR must be accompanied by good faith and political goodwill.
Ekonomi, Hukum dan Lingkungan Dalam Undang-Undang Cipta Kerja
Authors: Rahman Abdul
Published: November 2022

This study aims to identify and analyze the legal conception as a means of development as well as to analyze the nature of the relationship between the economy, law and the environment contained in the Job Creation Law. This study uses normative legal research with a statutory and conceptual approach. The results of the study conclude, first, that development efforts carried out by the government should focus on the doctrine of sustainable development which is supported by an understanding of development law which will later become the government's insight in realizing sustainable economic growth. Second, the Job Creation Law, which is expected to be able to answer the problems of the times, does not work as desired because the development approach used prioritizes economic interests without paying attention to the environmental impact of economic activities.
Partai Politik Lokal Dan Evaluasi Dalam Penyelenggaraan Dana Otonomi Khusus Aceh
Authors: Nurparijah Silkika
Published: November 2022

Aceh as a special autonomous region can regulate and manage its own region. This authority is given by the central government through decentralization and deconcentration which is regulated in Law Number 23 of 2014 concerning Regional Government. As a special autonomous region, Aceh is given the freedom to establish political parties and manage Dana Otonomi Khusus (DOKA) (the Aceh Special Autonomy Fund) for the welfare of the Acehnese people, but Aceh is still ranked first as the poorest region at the Sumatera level, data obtained through the Central Statistics Agency (BPS). This research method uses normative research to examine and analyze local government policies on the Aceh Special Autonomy Fund (DOKA) with a conceptual approach. The results of this The results of this study conclude from the corruption case in Aceh and the first poverty, First that local political parties are the sectoral leaders of Aceh's special autonomy funds through legislative and executive seats in the Aceh region, special autonomy funds are misused through regional infrastructure development. Second, that the special autonomy funds are controlled by combatants of the Gerakan Aceh Merdeka (GAM) Free Aceh Movement through the collection of nangroe taxes which are deposited to the top officials of the Free Aceh Movement from funds for regional development planning and implementation.
A New Linear Model for the Calculation of Routing Metrics in 802.11s using NS3 and RStudio
Authors: Ochoa-Aldeán Juan , Silva-Cárdenas Carlos
Published: November 2022

Wireless Mesh Networks (WMN) are a solution with a reasonable cost/benefit ratio when provid-ing broadband internet access. The concept is being used not only in IEEE networks but also in other wireless networks such as cellular networks (4G/5G) and Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN). IEEE 802.11s is the facto standard and is well known for working with WMN. The standard defines Hybrid Wireless Mesh Protocol (HWMP) as a layer 2 routing protocol. The met-ric proposed by the protocol is Air Time Link (ALM), and the IEEE 802.11 standard proposes an equation for its calculation. This work proposes a new methodology for the calculation of ALM which has been developed in the following way: through several scripts, which simulate various WMN scenarios in NS-3, collect information in several databases, and then take the data to RStu-dio, where different statistical tests are developed, such as linear models (LM), generalized linear models (GLM), and other statistical tests for both the original and new model proposals. The result is a new methodology for the calculation of metrics, using statistical techniques in the selection and validation of model regressors, presenting an a priori tool to improve the per-formance of the WMS's.
Consensual conjugal unions among the higher educated women: understanding the heterogeneity of the Brazilian context
Authors: Cunha Mariana de Araújo , Verona Ana Paula
Published: November 2022

Consensual unions have increased greatly in Brazil over the last few decades. Initially, restricted to less-educated groups, they have now been observed in all educational groups, leading some to suggest a diffusion of the Second Demographic Transition (SDT) in the country. In this paper, we examine the characteristics of women choosing consensual unions in Brazil between 1980 and 2010, with a focus on differentials by education. The results show that higher educated women, when compared to the least educated group, prefer marriage over consensual union in both 1980 and 2010. In addition, we show a growing difference between educational groups over time for choosing informal unions, as the probabilities for higher educated women to choose this union type grew less than for the lower educated. For the women with high levels of education in 2010, the likelihood of being in a consensual union is greater among those from lower social classes, and among blacks, browns, and Catholics. These results suggest the replication of intergenerational behaviour as the most likely explanation for the increase in consensual unions among the most educated.
Air traffic forecasting using statistical analysis and machine learning methods
Authors: Sudakov Vladimir Anatolievich , Timofeev Maksim Aleksandrovich
Published: November 2022

The paper considers current methods for forecasting time series on the example of domestic and international transportation of the Russian Federation in recent years, taking into account the influence of external factors. Models were developed using autoregressive moving average and using gradient boosting. The possibility of using data on COVID-19 diseases for forecasting was investigated.
A Historical Narrative of Ethnic Conflict and Social Anarchy in Shaanxi: The Muslim Uprising 1862-1873
Authors: Qurrat ul Ain Ayesha
Published: November 2022

Hui rebellion (1862-1873) is depicted generally as the confrontation of Hui with the Qing state but an exploration of the background of the uprising in the Shaanxi province and a keen look into the oral histories and compilations of local narratives of the devastation reveals that the reality was much more complex. The historical account of these rebellions produced the stereotype that Manchus and Hui had been in conflict throughout whereas this paper contends that the Qing reign can be comfortably divided into two distinct phases with respect to the behavior of Manchus towards the Hui minority. The first phase is marvelously peaceful and prosperous whereas the second is equally drastic and catastrophic. How did this sweeping shift occur? The answer to this logical query involves the third and most decisive component of the whole confrontation i.e. Han gentry and militia. We propose that Han officialdom played a crucial role in creating an ambiance of confrontation of Hui with the Qing state. Were it not the ethnic riots and racial bias by the Han gentry, Hui would have never been forced to stand unanimously for the protection of their identity and rights. On the other hand, although the Qing Empire wanted to discriminate between rebels and innocent people yet its efforts remained futile as with the weakening of the central state, the axis of power shifted to local Han authorities who were adamant to exterminate Hui from the area. Thus an uprising against Han discrimination distended into a rebellion against the state on a large scale.
Анализ динамики эпидемического процесса COVID-19 в мире за неделю с 12.11.2022 г. по 18.11.2022 г.
Authors: Зимирова Анастасия , Поспелов Михаил , Иванова Александра , Карнаухов Игорь , Щербакова Светлана , Кутырев Владимир
Published: November 2022

В обзоре представлен анализ эпидемиологической ситуации в странах мира по COVID-19, за неделю с 12.11.2022 г. по 18.11.2022 г.
Institutional Structuring of Fisheries Extension and Its Impact on Personnel Administration in the Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries
Authors: Prianggoro Bimo Adi , Halim Halim , Syukur Alam Tauhid
Published: November 2022

The enactment of Law Number 11 of 2019 and Presidential Regulation Number 78 of 2021 has a significant impact on the existence of main office for fisheries extension officers (Satminkal). As a result, 4 research organization which have an Satminkal function must be integrated with National Research and Innovation Agency (NRIA/BRIN). Related to this, the research aims to examine and analyze the model of institutional arrangement of fisheries extension officers and its impact on personnel administration within the Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries (MMAF). Based on qualitative descriptive methods and analysis covering theoretical, sociological, and juridical aspects, with the increasingly complex dynamics of fisheries extension and the disappearance of extension services from the research organization of Satminkal, MMAF has the resources and authority to strengthen the institutional status of fisheries extension, so as to minimize the impact of personnnel administration. for fisheries extension officers. It is recommended to MMAF for re-design and strengthen the fisheries extension institution by establishing Fisheries Extension Stations in 34 provinces taking into account of geographical environment, potential assets of MMAF
Analysis of the Level of Public Satisfaction with the Government's Policy to Revoke the Rules for the Use of Masks in Public Places
Authors: Sukmana Hendra , Choiriyah Ilmi Usrotin , Agustina Isna Fitria
Published: November 2022

The purpose of this study is to analyze the level of public satisfaction with the government's policy of revoking the rules for using masks in public places. Data analysis was carried out by descriptive quantitative analysis. The results of the analysis obtained an average of 77.7 and when referring to the category of community satisfaction, the value is included in the satisfied category. In this regard, the general public is satisfied with the government's policy of revoking the rules for using masks in public places. On the day of May 2022 President Joko Widodo (Jokowi) decided to relax the policy on the use of masks outdoors. One of the most important things to reach this stage is the understanding of the community regarding healthy living behavior which is the responsibility of each individual. Easing was also carried out taking into account the development of the Covid-19 situation in the world. If you look at the development of Covid-19 in Indonesia and globally, the Indonesian people already have resistance to new variants. Several people admitted that they were happy with the policy of loosening the use of masks in open spaces because they were considered easier to breathe, carry out activities and not feel stuffy.
Evaluación de Políticas de Integridad Pública y Anticorrupción: Los Desafíos de una Iniciativa Nacional para Gobiernos Locales en Brasil
Authors: De Bona Rodrigo da Silva
Published: November 2022

Objetivo: Investigar como se puede evaluar cualitativamente la eficacia de políticas de integridad y anticorrupción en gobiernos locales, analizando un programa federal implementado experimentalmente, entre el 2018 y el 2020, en una muestra de 12 de entre 25 municipios brasileños voluntarios.
Encuadramiento teórico: Análisis de la política y evaluación basada en un modelo de gestión de integridad organizacional publicado por la OCDE.
Metodología: Investigación evaluativa y exploratoria con procedimientos de observación participante, análisis de contenido y estadística descriptiva.
Resultados: Fueron evidenciados 26 tipologías de productos, 15 clases de instrumentos, 17 procesos y 16 estructuras (actores) centrales del programa. La eficacia cuantitativa del periodo fue de solamente un 65 %, pero la política es sujeta a gaps de implementación que pueden impactar su eficacia, y principalmente su eficiencia y efectividad. El Time carece de un modelo de cambio definido (theory of change), con objetivos mensurables e indicadores de desempeño. Cualitativamente, cuanto a la coherencia del modelo y balanceo de las medidas, muchas dependen de interacción con el contexto externo y son del tipo rule-based. A pesar de sus límites, la política es innovadora y puede tener rol fundamental para el desarrollo de capacidades institucionales en gobiernos locales brasileños, que tienen elevada ocurrencia de corrupción y sistemas de integridad muy frágiles.
Originalidad: Casi no existen trabajos teórico-empíricos sobre políticas de integridad en gobiernos locales de Brasil.
Contribuciones teóricas y prácticas: La política está en desarrollo y se puede ajustarla, incluyendo énfasis a la creación de una agenda local e inclusión de medidas value-based. Como contribución teórica, fueron añadidos nuevos elementos al modelo utilizado.
A New Modeling Method for the Sandbody Architecture of Braided River Reservoirs: A Case Study from HG Formation, N Gas Field
Authors: Jiang Lei , Li Shaohua , Duan Dongping , Ding Fang , Yu Siyu
Published: November 2022

A new modeling method is proposed to address the shortcomings of conventional geological modeling methods in simultaneously characterizing the geometry, stacking patterns, and well data of the channel bar in braided river. The channel bar model is reconstructed based on the target body, which is defined by the channel bar’s geometric parameters points, lines, and surfaces. In the simulation process, the distributions of sandstone and mudstone are simulated first. Then, the channel bars at the well are simulated based on the channel bars identified on the well and the thickness of the sandstone, the priori geometries, and sizes of the channel bars. It is judged whether the proportion of the simulated channel bars has reached the global proportion. If not, a randomly selected point between wells is used as a virtual well, and the sandstone thickness is used to determine whether it is a single or composite channel bar. The process is repeated until the proportion of channel bars reaches the set proportion. Take the N gas field as an example. The analysis of the geometry, variance function, thickness distribution histogram, and volume distribution histogram of the simulation results shows that the new method can better characterize the channel bar’s geometry, sizes, and stacking patterns than the multipoint geostatistical modeling method Snesim.
Variación altitudinal del contenido de carbono orgánico del suelo en diferentes usos de la tierra en la microcuenca del río Toro (Chanchamayo-Junín)
Authors:   , Corsino Torres Alfredo Fausto
Published: November 2022

Este estudio se desarrolló en la microcuenca del río Toro ubicada en la provincia de Chanchamayo, Junín. El objetivo fue evaluar la influencia del uso de suelo (US) y altitud sobre el carbono orgánico en suelo (COS); también se incluyeron covariables. El muestro se realizó a través de la ejecución de calicatas distribuidas de forma aleatoria. El US se dividió en Cultivo (CUL), Agroforestal (AF) y Bosque Montanos en Regeneración (BMR); la altitud se dividió en Microcuenca Baja, Media y Alta. El análisis físico y químico de las muestras fue realizado por un laboratorio. Se realizó la regresión lineal múltiple entre las variables y covariables sobre el COS. Los resultados indican que el US influye en el contenido de COS; el BMR es el estrato con los mayores valores, seguido de las zonas de CUL y AF sin diferencias entre ambas. La altitud por sí sola no influye en el COS, pero si la interacción de esta con el US, siendo la MA la que tiene los valores más altos. El análisis de correlación demostró que la altitud influye en la variación del COS solo en el BMR. Las covariables MO y Litter son las únicas covariables junto al US que explican el 29% de la variación del COS.
Through the looking glass: Coloniality and mirroring in localisation
Authors: Zadeh-Cummings Nazanin
Published: November 2022

What assumptions underpin the concept of ‘localisation’ as employed by the mainstream, international humanitarian sector? This paper offers a partial answer to this multi-faceted question. It first considers the meaning(s), or lack thereof, of localisation. It presents coloniality and ‘mirroring’ as two concepts important to understanding the limitations of localisation. It then considers locally led aid in the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (DPRK, or North Korea), using the example of the Eugene Bell Foundation (EBF). The paper argues that assumptions around the actors involved in local response, as well as assumptions around the existence of NGOs and the normative belief that non-state actors could and should play major roles in response, demonstrate the limits of localisation.
Spatial embryo profiling (STEP) of primate implantation stages
Authors: Sophie Bergmann , Christopher Penfold , Erin Slatery , Thorsten Boroviak
Published: November 2022

Spatial embryo profiling (STEP) combines laser capture microdissection (LCM)-assisted sample collection for Smart-Seq2 profiling with virtual reconstruction of stereological immunofluorescence images of implanted primate embryos. Frozen, unfixed embryos O.C.T.-embedded in utero are cryosectioned, with every second to third embryo-containing section subjected to LCM for collection of tissue samples of one-to-three cells and processed individually for full-length transcriptome profiling. Remaining sections are fixed and processed for immunofluorescence staining, followed by stereological confocal microscopy, image registration, tissue segmentation and surface generation to create virtual 3D embryo models. Gaussian process regression following the integration of discrete, spatially defined transcriptome samples allows modelling of 3D gene expression patterns across the entire embryo model.
Gastric Pneumatosis in a Preterm Infant: a Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Bonitatibus Giacomo , Paterlini Giuseppe Luigi , Zanzucchi Matteo , Perotti Valentina , Villani Paolo Ernesto
Published: November 2022

Background: gastric pneumatosis is a rare sign with a primarily radiological diagnosis. In newborn infants, this finding should raise the suspicion of necrotizing enterocolitis, which represents a serious clinical condition with high morbidity and mortality. However, other causes of gastric pneumatosis are reported in literature, including intramural displacement of a feeding tube. In this report we present a case of gastric pneumatosis in a preterm boy admitted to our NICU.
Case presentation: the baby appeared pale and poor responsive during the first days of life on positive pressure ventilation and gavage feeding. A distended upper abdomen with bloody and biliary gastric aspirates was noted; no bloody stools were reported. Blood cultures, cerebrospinal fluid culture and blood cell count were normal; acute phase proteins were negative on serial determinations. Abdominal X-Ray showed gastric pneumatosis with displacement of the feeding tube and no other pathological findings in the rest of the bowel. After few days of conservative management, the baby improved dramatically.
Conclusions: we suggest that the cause of this clinical picture could have been a mechanical lesion in gastric mucosa caused by the feeding tube; positive pressure ventilation then could have raised intragastric pressure, leading air to diffuse between the layers of the gastric wall.
Effects of Air Pollution on Incidence and Mortality of Lung Cancer: A nationwide analysis of China
Authors: Dai Jing , Zhou Yunhua , Chen Hui
Published: November 2022

Background
Atmospheric pollution is a global public health problem. Although more and more evidence shows that air pollution will increase the risk of lung cancer, the evidence is still insufficient and more suspicious. We aim to use national cancer registration data and air quality data to assess the association between air pollution exposure and lung cancer incidence and mortality in China.
Methods
The study is a comparative study using open source data. The data of incidence and mortality of lung cancer were released by China National Cancer Center, grouped by region, gender and age. The data of air pollutants (PM10, PM2.5, NO2, SO2) were published by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment of China. By establishing single-factor and multi-factor linear regression models of air pollutants and lung cancer incidence and mortality, the relationship of them was quantitatively analyzed.
Results
In China, the incidence and mortality of lung cancer increase with age, males are significantly higher than females, urban are slightly higher than rural, central and west are slightly higher than east. Single-factor and multi-factor linear regression analysis showed that there was a linear correlation between air pollutants (PM10, PM2.5, SO2) and the incidence and mortality of male lung cancer, and the mortality of female lung cancer. There was no linear correlation between NO2 and the incidence and mortality of lung cancer in male and female. PM10(PM2.5) has a greater impact on male lung cancer incidence than SO2, PM10(PM2.5) has the same impact on male lung cancer mortality as SO2, and SO2 has a greater impact on female lung cancer mortality than PM10(PM2.5) .
Conclusions
The increased risk of lung cancer and death is related to air pollutants (PM10, PM2.5, SO2). The control measures to reduce air pollution may reduce the incidence and mortality of lung cancer in the future.
Effects of antimicrobial peptides on non-specific immunity responses and gut microbes of tsinling lenok trout (Brachymystax lenok tsinlingensis)
Authors: Ma Fang , Ma Ruilin , Zhao Lei
Published: November 2022

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are an important component of non-specific immunity and play a key role in cellular host defense against pathogens and tissue damage infections. We investigated the effects of AMP supplementation on the antioxidant capacity, non-specific immunity and intestinal microbiota of tsinling lenok trout. Different diets (CT, A120, A240 and A480) containing graded levels of AMP peptides (0, 120 mg kg− 1, 240 mg kg− 1, 480 mg kg− 1) were feed to 240 fish for 8-weeks. Our study findings showed that the activity of total antioxidant capacity (T-SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), lysozyme (LZM), catalase (CAT) and acid phosphatase (ACP) in the A240 and A480 group were higher than that in the CT group (P < 0.05). Malondialdehyde (MDA) content in AMP group was significantly lower than that in CT group (P < 0.05). Furthermore, we harvested the midgut and applied next-generation sequencing of 16S rDNA. The results showed that the abundance of Halomonas in AMP group was significantly lower than that in CT group. Functional analysis showed that the abundance of chloroalkane and chloroalkene degradation pathway increased significantly in AMP group. In conclusion, AMP enhanced the antioxidant capacity, non-specific immunity, and intestinal health of tsinling lenok trout.
An Improved Physics-Informed Neural Network Based on a New Adaptive Gradient Descent Algorithm for Solving Partial Differential Equations of Nonlinear Systems
Authors: Liu Yuhao , Li Xiaojian , Liu Zhengxian
Published: November 2022

Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) are becoming more and more popular for solving partial differential equations (PDEs) of nonlinear systems. Due to the advantage of low computational cost, the gradient descent algorithm coupled with the weighted objectives method is usually used to optimize loss functions in the PINN training. However, the interaction mechanisms between the gradients of loss functions are not fully clarified, leading to poor performances in loss functions optimization such as low efficiency and non-convergence. For this, an adaptive gradient descent algorithm (AGDA) is proposed, and then validated by analytical PDEs and Navier-Stokes equations. Firstly, the interaction mechanisms of loss functions gradients in the PINN training based on the traditional Adam optimizer are analyzed. The main factors responsible for the poor performances of the Adam optimizer are identified. Based on the interaction mechanisms, a new AGDA optimizer is developed for the PINN training by two steps: 1) balancing the magnitude difference of loss functions gradients; 2) eliminating the gradient directions conflict. Then, three types of PDEs (elliptic, hyperbolic and parabolic) and three twodimensional incompressible Navier-Stokes equations are selected to validate the proposed algorithm. It is found that the AGDA optimizer can achieve higher training accuracy with fewer iterations, and can improve the training efficiency of the analytical PDEs by 5~6 times and the multi-parameter NavierStokes equations by 1.4 times. Also, the AGDA optimizer is more robust as it performs better than the traditional Adam optimizer in dealing with the parabolic heat conduction equation and the unsteady Navier-Stokes equation.
Increased energy sequestration in Nicotiana tabacum overexpressing UGPase and SPP genes in mesophyll.
Authors: Rakoczy M. , Podkowinski Jan , Figlerowicz M.
Published: November 2022

Transgenic Nicotiana tabacum with cDNA coding for uridine diphosphate glucose and sucrose phosphate phosphatase from Hordeum vulgare expressed from chrysanthemum rubisco small subunit promoter shows high expression of these transgenes in young leaves and low in roots. Although the activity of this promoter decreased during leaves development, even in fully developed leaves it was over 10 times higher than the expression of the native genes of these enzymes. The plants overexpressing the transgenes grew faster and started the generative phase earlier than the control plants, without any disturbances in leaves, flower and seed development. The dry weight of the transgenic plants at the end of the generative phase was slightly higher than in the control group and showed a greater proportion of carbohydrates. The content of lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose was higher in the transgenic plants than in the control plants, and similar differences showed the energy value of these plants. A comparison of the energy value sequestered in the aerial part of these plant showed that the transgenic plants stored up to 18% more energy than the control plants. Mesophyll-specific overexpression of the transgenes showed beneficial effects - faster plants growth and higher accumulation of energy in the transgenic plants than in the controls. This effect was achieved in N. tabacum, a plant without specific storage organs or tissues. The use of a promoter directing expression of transgenes into mesophyll cells allowed to increase the efficiency of the selected metabolic pathway - photosynthesis-dependent sucrose synthesis.
Application of New Double Integral Transform (Laplace- ARA Transform) to Integral-Differential Equations
Authors: Sedeeg Abdelilah , Zubair Sulima , Adam Zahra , Ahmed Shams , Mahgob Mohand
Published: November 2022

The major objective of this paper is to propose a novel double Laplace – ARA transforms (DL-ARAT). We employ this transform to prove the convolution, existence and other relevant theorems as well as derivatives properties. Subsequently, this method is applied to solve some illustrative integral- differential equations. This approach was shown to be a powerful and efficient means to tack integral- differential equations.
MiR-20a-5p, miR-29a, miR-let7e, and miR-155 serum exosomal microRNAs analyses as potential biomarkers in pulmonary tuberculosis and non-tuberculosis
Authors: Javadi Alireza , Shamaei Masoud , Tabarsi Payam , Ainy Elaheh , Kazemi Bahram
Published: November 2022

Background

Mycobacteria could invade the host’s immune system to survive and persist in the host through different mechanisms such as the expression modulation of microRNAs (miRNAs). MicroRNA is a small, non-coding oligonucleotide that regulates gene expression and transcription. MiRNAs' differential expressions in disease phenomena can serve as biomarkers. The expression level of serum-derived exosomal miRNAs from mycobacteria patients could result to enhance monocyte cell apoptosis. This study tries to evaluate four serum-derived exosomal miRNAs as a potential mycobacterial biomarker.

Methods

Serum-derived exosomes were purified from serum samples of 55 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis or non-tuberculosis and 30 healthy controls. The expression level of Hsa-miR-20a-5p, Hsa-miR-29a, Hsa-miR-let7e, and Hsa-miR-155 was evaluated using qRT-PCR.

Results

In TB patients, the expression level of miR-20a-5p, miR-29a, and miR-let7e were significantly increased (p ≤ 0.0001), but the miR-155 expression level decreased. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis determined effective diagnostic biomarkers of miRNAs with an AUC = 0.6933 for miR-20 (p ≤ 0.01), AUC = 0.6011 for miR-29a (p ≤ 0.17), AUC = 0.7322 for miR-let7e: (p ≤ 0.002), and AUC = 0.7456 for miR-155 (p ≤ 0.001) for active tuberculosis. The expression of miR-let7e, 20a, and 29a in M. avium vs. Mtb was upregulated (P ≤ 0.01, P ≤ 0.0001, and P ≤ 0.0001, respectively), same as miRs let7e and 20a expression which was increased in M. abscessus vs. Mtb (P ≤ 0.0001 and P ≤ 0.002, respectively).

Conclusion

In conclusion, circulating exosomal microRNA MiR-20, miR-let7e, and miR-155 have diagnostic potential for active pulmonary tuberculosis. Furthermore, the study facilitates the development of potential biomarkers of pulmonary tuberculosis and non-tuberculosis.