bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Early-Stage Feasibility of a Mobile Health Intervention (Copilot) to Enhance Exacerbation-Related Self-Management in Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Multimethods Approach
Authors: Korpershoek Yvonne JG , Holtrop Tjitske , Vervoort Sigrid CJM , Schoonhoven Lisette , Schuurmans Marieke J , Trappenburg Jaap CA
Published: November 2020

Background

There is an emergence of mobile health (mHealth) interventions to support self-management in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Recently, an evidence-driven mHealth intervention has been developed to support patients with COPD in exacerbation-related self-management: the Copilot app. Health care providers (HCPs) are important stakeholders as they are the ones who have to provide the app to patients, personalize the app, and review the app. It is, therefore, important to investigate at an early stage whether the app is feasible in the daily practice of the HCPs.

Objective

The aim of this study is to evaluate the perceived feasibility of the Copilot app in the daily practice of HCPs.

Methods

A multimethods design was used to investigate how HCPs experience working with the app and how they perceive the feasibility of the app in their daily practice. The feasibility areas described by Bowen et al were used for guidance. HCPs were observed while performing tasks in the app and asked to think aloud. The System Usability Scale was used to investigate the usability of the app, and semistructured interviews were conducted to explore the feasibility of the app. The study was conducted in primary, secondary, and tertiary care settings in the Netherlands from February 2019 to September 2019.

Results

In total, 14 HCPs participated in this study—8 nurses, 5 physicians, and 1 physician assistant. The HCPs found the app acceptable to use. The expected key benefits of the app were an increased insight into patient symptoms, more structured patient conversations, and more tailored self-management support. The app especially fits within the available time and workflow of nurses. The use of the app will be influenced by the autonomy of the professional, the focus of the organization on eHealth, costs associated with the app, and compatibility with the current systems used. Most HCPs expressed that there are conditions that must be met to be able to use the app. The app can be integrated into the existing care paths of primary, secondary, and tertiary health care settings. Individual organizational factors must be taken into account when integrating the app into daily practice.

Conclusions

This early-stage feasibility study shows that the Copilot app is feasible to use in the daily practice of HCPs and can be integrated into primary, secondary, and tertiary health care settings in the Netherlands. The app was considered to best fit the role of the nurses. The app will be less feasible for those organizations in which many conditions need to be met to use the app. This study provides a new approach to evaluate the perceived feasibility of mHealth interventions at an early stage and provides valuable insights for further feasibility testing.
Early-Stage Feasibility of a Mobile Health Intervention (Copilot) to Enhance Exacerbation-Related Self-Management in Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Multimethods Approach (Preprint)
Authors: Korpershoek Yvonne JG , Holtrop Tjitske , Vervoort Sigrid CJM , Schoonhoven Lisette , Schuurmans Marieke J , Trappenburg Jaap CA
Published: November 2020

BACKGROUND

There is an emergence of mobile health (mHealth) interventions to support self-management in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Recently, an evidence-driven mHealth intervention has been developed to support patients with COPD in exacerbation-related self-management: the Copilot app. Health care providers (HCPs) are important stakeholders as they are the ones who have to provide the app to patients, personalize the app, and review the app. It is, therefore, important to investigate at an early stage whether the app is feasible in the daily practice of the HCPs.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study is to evaluate the perceived feasibility of the Copilot app in the daily practice of HCPs.

METHODS

A multimethods design was used to investigate how HCPs experience working with the app and how they perceive the feasibility of the app in their daily practice. The feasibility areas described by Bowen et al were used for guidance. HCPs were observed while performing tasks in the app and asked to think aloud. The System Usability Scale was used to investigate the usability of the app, and semistructured interviews were conducted to explore the feasibility of the app. The study was conducted in primary, secondary, and tertiary care settings in the Netherlands from February 2019 to September 2019.

RESULTS

In total, 14 HCPs participated in this study—8 nurses, 5 physicians, and 1 physician assistant. The HCPs found the app acceptable to use. The expected key benefits of the app were an increased insight into patient symptoms, more structured patient conversations, and more tailored self-management support. The app especially fits within the available time and workflow of nurses. The use of the app will be influenced by the autonomy of the professional, the focus of the organization on eHealth, costs associated with the app, and compatibility with the current systems used. Most HCPs expressed that there are conditions that must be met to be able to use the app. The app can be integrated into the existing care paths of primary, secondary, and tertiary health care settings. Individual organizational factors must be taken into account when integrating the app into daily practice.

CONCLUSIONS

This early-stage feasibility study shows that the Copilot app is feasible to use in the daily practice of HCPs and can be integrated into primary, secondary, and tertiary health care settings in the Netherlands. The app was considered to best fit the role of the nurses. The app will be less feasible for those organizations in which many conditions need to be met to use the app. This study provides a new approach to evaluate the perceived feasibility of mHealth interventions at an early stage and provides valuable insights for further feasibility testing.
Perspectives of Child Life Specialists After Many Years of Working With a Humanoid Robot in a Pediatric Hospital: Narrative Design (Preprint)
Authors: Beran Tanya , Pearson Jacqueline Reynolds , Lashewicz Bonnie , Baggott Sandy
Published: November 2020

BACKGROUND

Child life specialists (CLSs) play an important role in supporting patients and their families during their visits to a children’s hospital. Although CLSs are equipped with considerable expertise to support families during some of the most difficult moments of their lives, we introduced an additional resource to them in the form of a humanoid robot named MEDi.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study is to explore the experiences of CLSs using a robot to support children.

METHODS

We interviewed 7 CLSs who had worked with this robot for several years. The transcribed interviews were analyzed using open and axial coding.

RESULTS

The first main theme that emerged was the process of navigating from fear to friendship in learning to use a humanoid robot for therapeutic support. The second major theme was MEDi as a source of connection and support to children. CLSs’ perceptions of MEDi as an adaptable resource and working with the limits of MEDi constituted the last 2 themes.

CONCLUSIONS

These descriptions show how CLSs can incorporate a robot into their practice.
Primary Care Psychiatry eConsults at a Rural Academic Medical Center: Descriptive Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Avery Jade , Dwan Dennis , Sowden Gillian , Duncan Matthew
Published: November 2020

BACKGROUND

Primary care providers serve a crucial role in addressing the mental health needs of many patients. However, there are times when input from a psychiatric specialist may be helpful in supporting the mental health care provided in primary care. Psychiatry eConsults can serve as a valuable tool in providing specialist advice for primary care physicians when direct referral to specialty care is not readily available.

OBJECTIVE

The goal of this study is to evaluate the content and implementation of psychiatric eConsults by primary care providers in a rural academic medical center.

METHODS

This is a retrospective review of 343 eConsults placed between May 2016 and February 2019 by primary care providers at a single academic medical center. The content of eConsult requests, including patient diagnosis, consult question type, specialist recommendations, patient demographics, the distance of patient and primary care providers from the consulting provider, rate of implementation of the recommendation, and response time, were analyzed.

RESULTS

The most common diagnoses associated with eConsults were depression (162/450, 36%) and anxiety (118/450, 26%). The most commonly asked eConsult question was regarding medication management, including medication choice, side effects, interactions, and medication taper (288/343, 84%). More than one recommendation was included in 76% (259/343) of eConsults, and at least one recommendation was implemented by the primary care provider in 94% (282/300) of eConsults. The average time to respond to an eConsult was 26 hours.

CONCLUSIONS

This study demonstrates that psychiatry eConsults can be conducted in a timely manner and that primary care providers implement the recommendations at a high rate.
Mask Usage Classification of Tweets and its Application to the COVID-19 Pandemic (Preprint)
Authors: Karimi Sarvnaz , Joshi Aditya , Sparks Ross , Paris Cecile , MacIntyre Raina
Published: November 2020

BACKGROUND

Face masks have been recommended or mandated at different points in time during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. The effectiveness of masks has been understood to be linked to their adoption. The scale of adoption of masks in the community remains to be understood.

OBJECTIVE

Given the popularity of social media, we aim to use tweets (social media posts on Twitter) to analyse discussions mentioning masks and, specifically, tweets that report mask usage, as an indication of mask adoption.

METHODS

We used a repository of tweets from Australia and New Zealand to create a dataset of mask-related tweets posted from 2017 to 2020, specifically tweets containing five mask-related words: face mask, surgical mask, cloth mask, N95 mask and P2 mask. From this dataset, we created a manually annotated dataset of 3016 tweets labeled with mask usage. We first used topic modeling separately on each mask type to understand the context in which these mask types are mentioned. We then proposed mask usage classification: automatic task of predicting if a tweet reports usage or intention of usage of a mask. We experimented with a set of classification approaches based on BERT and trained on the manually annotated dataset. Finally, we applied mask usage classification on the whole dataset of mask-related tweets to analyse trends in mask usage reports in 2020.

RESULTS

Concerns around availability of masks during the COVID-19 pandemic or bushfires appear in the topics, demonstrating the contexts in which mask types are mentioned. Our classifier for mask usage with oversampled instances results in the best performance with an F-score of 85.02%. When the classifier is applied to our dataset, we observe peaks in mask usage reporting in tweets shortly after key news articles related to masks were published in news websites.

CONCLUSIONS

This work focuses on mask usage-related discussions on social media. We introduce a novel dataset of tweets annotated for mask usage, and a set of classification approaches based on the dataset. When applied to the datasets of tweets mentioning masks, we observed that events such as masks being recommended or being made mandatory in Victoria resulted in an increase in mask usage reports on social media within a few days. The utility of mask usage classification lies in its ability to predict mask usage reporting on Twitter so as to understand the effectiveness of mask advisory during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and beyond.

CLINICALTRIAL

N/A
Estudio arqueomineralógico de las menas de cobre prehispánicas en Collahuasi, norte de Chile
Authors: Sapiains Pía , Menzies Andrew , Figueroa Valentina , Wilke Hans-Gerhard , Mille Benoît , Salazar Diego , Berenguer Jose
Published: November 2020

Northern Chile is known for its large-scale contemporary copper exploitation. Archaeological evidence indicates that such exploitation is not only a modern occurrence but has been ongoing since at least the Late Archaic Period. In order to identify the raw mineral materials used in pre-Hispanic mining and metallurgical production processes we performed an automated mineralogy analysis (QEMSCAN). The samples are from the Collahuasi mining-metallurgical district, in the Tarapacá region. It was determined that the primary mineralogy of the ore in the pre-Hispanic smelting sites of the Collahuasi District was brochantite, malachite and chrysocolla, and in turn, it has been possible to determine what the “Collahuasi metal” was, that circulated in late prehispanic times.
Los Hornos de reverbero andinos
Authors: Cruz Pablo , Téreygeol Florian
Published: November 2020

Bringing together information from colonial-era historical sources, archaeological data, and the results of archaeological experimentation, this work addresses reverberation furnaces, a kind of metallurgical furnace used in the southern Andes from the first moments of Spanish colonial efforts to produce silver in the region. Evidence of this three-chamber oven (composed of a fire chamber, vaulted work chamber, and chimney), has been identified and studied in different mining and metallurgical contexts in the south of Bolivia (Potosí, Santa Isabel, Mina Santiago, Escoriani, among others). Here, we show the continuities between pre-Hispanic metallurgy and reverbation furnaces. We challenge the general characterization of these furnaces as a European tradition, and propose instead that they were the result of local technological developments and later spread throughout Europe.
La Cuestión agraria y el cobre en la Provincia de El Loa (1929/30 – 2006/07). Andes centro-sur, norte de Chile
Authors: Calderón Matías , Prieto Manuel
Published: November 2020

The Province of El Loa, historically inhabited by the Andean population dedicated to agriculture, herding and exchange activities, has occupied a strategic place in the expansion of Chilean copper industry and its international insertion. Here is located Chuquicamata, the largest copper mine in the world by an important part of the 20th century. To advance in the understanding of the territory that produces this activity, we carry out a historical-structural analysis of the agriculture practiced in the province between 1929/30 and 2006/07. We characterize analytically the agrarian transformations of the area relating their development with the expansion of the great copper mining. Theoretically, we position ourselves from the paradigm of the agrarian question, which we re-problematize by linking it with the studies on extractivism. Methodologically we use descriptive statistics of agricultural censuses for the characterization of the agrarian structure, and historical and secondary sources that allow us to understand their connections with the copper exploitation.
Política hídrica, propiedad nacional y derechos de agua en México: una lectura histórico-jurídica crítica
Authors: Jacobo-Marín Daniel
Published: November 2020

El artículo estudia la configuración de los derechos de agua en México a partir del análisis de la política hídrica tendiente al centralismo. Mediante una breve lectura histórico-jurídica, se explica el advenimiento de las aguas nacionales a través del criterio patrimonial constitucional. En tal sentido, se discute la composición, naturaleza y contenido de las normas que integran el régimen jurídico de las aguas en México. Finalmente, se reflexiona sobre la acumulación oligopólica de derechos de agua.
Atención prioritaria y diferencial de los pueblos indígenas frente al impacto del COVID 19 en Colombia
Authors: Moreno Torres María Camila
Published: November 2020

La crisis sanitaria y de valores que se ha suscitado a nivel global, no tiene comparación, debido a esta situación los Estados necesitan actuar y responder de manera inmediata y eficaz, para evitar graves consecuencias a sus pobladores, garantizando y respetando los derechos humanos, de los sectores más vulnerables que requieren de una especial atención, en virtud de su condición. En palabras de la autora el artículo “demostrará el incumplimiento del deber por parte del Estado colombiano y la falta de respuestas que respeten los derechos humanos”, y se propone el uso de prácticas que determinen marcados avances en materia de inclusión, la no discriminación y el reconocimiento de la diversidad, para con ello poder consolidar un enfoque diferencial que logre óptimos resultados en la superación de la pandemia en las comunidades indígenas del país.
Loianno, Adelina (coord.), Lecciones de Derechos Humanos, Buenos Aires, ERREIUS, 2018
Authors: García Ramírez Sergio
Published: November 2020

Reseña crítica y descriptiva de la obra en comento.
Covid-19 Mapping with Microsoft Power BI
Authors: Graves Steven M. , He Lauren
Published: November 2020

The purpose of the map and dashboard is twofold. First, Microsoft’s Power BI software presents a reasonably easy means by which many can make reasonably robust data visualizations with minimal expertise in mapping and programming languages. Unlike some competing data visualization and online mapping software packages that require specialized software or skills, ordinary citizens and students, new to data collection and management can create an appealing dashboard-style presentation within a few minutes with minimal guidance. Familiarity with the function and logic of spreadsheet software seems to be the only prerequisite. Many businesses, colleges, and universities already provide access to the Microsoft Office suite of software, further extending the appeal of using Power BI. The COVID-19 dashboard featuring case data by date, city, county, and / or neighborhood in Southern California was created in less than one-half hour using a connection to publicly available data shared by the Los Angeles Times via GitHub. The map allows visitors to select individual communities from a map, which prompts dynamically linked graphs and tables to display data for only that community. The second purpose of this dashboard is to allow users to rapidly analyze local data trends, perhaps following school openings / closings, changes in the status of businesses, or social protests movements. Epidemiologists have expressed concern over the effects of the protest marches and untimely changes in rules regarding businesses and schools on COVID-19 rates. Compounding the need for such a map are concerns about differential COVID-19 infection rates in communities of color, whose citizens were already at an elevated risk of death from COVID-19. This map and dashboard demonstrates that these concerns were not unfounded.
HOW STUDENTS WORK WITH PISA-LIKE MATHEMATICAL TASKS USING COVID-19 CONTEXT
Authors: Zulkardi Zulkardi , Meryansumayeka Meryansumayeka , Putri Ratu Ilma Indra , Alwi Zahra , Nusantara Duano Sapta , Ambarita Sahala Martua , Maharani Yulianita , Puspitasari Linda
Published: November 2020

School students can use a sequence of contextual tasks to learn mathematics. We can use Covid-19 as a phenomenon or context to exploit in learning mathematics. This article describes how students learn with mathematical problems that adapted PISA tasks and used the Covid-19 context. This study involved 29 secondary-level students, 15 years old, and each has different levels of mathematical skills. We use three phases of design research as the research method. Data were collected using observation, interviews, and documents. Then, they were analyzed descriptively. The result showed there were ten problems developed, and students were asked to work with those problems.  We found that there are steps in how students understand and solve the problem. First, if students find a picture in the task, then they observe at the picture, read the question, and then start working to solve the problem. Second, if students find a table with less data, students refer to all data in solving the problem. Third if students find a table which has a lot of data, then some students calculate all of the data and other only compared among them. We’d like to encourage students to understand the problem before solving the problem. They do this by observing the pictures, comprehending the tables and also the questions.
Self-Organizing Maps of Atmospheric Circulation and Interannual Variability of Hydrometeorological Fields in the Arctic
Authors: Lemeshko E. E. ,   Marine Hydrophysical Institute, Russian Academy of Science, Sevastopol, Russia
Published: November 2020

The article suggests the use of a nonlinear method of data analysis based on a neural network – an algorithm of Kohonen self-organizing maps for the task of typing the atmospheric surface circulation in the Arctic. Based on the construction of self-organizing surface pressure maps, the seasonal and interannual variability of atmospheric circulation in the Arctic for the period 1979–2018 is studied. Several modes were distinguished: cyclonic, two anticyclonic, and three mixed types. Indices of seasonal and annual repeatability of self-organizing atmospheric pressure maps are introduced, which allow us to study the temporal variability of atmospheric circulation modes and a composite method is proposed for calculating connected maps of other hydrometeorological parameters. The regimes of variability of the area of sea ice distribution and sea surface temperature depending on the type of atmospheric circulation are highlighted. Depending on the type of wind regime, there is a change in the area of sea ice distribution due to the variability of the flows of warm Atlantic waters into the Arctic Ocean. The characteristic types of sea surface temperature variability in the Barents Sea are identified, which are modulated by cyclonic / anticyclonic regimes of atmospheric circulation in the region and are an indicator of heat advection by the Atlantic waters. The interrelation is established of the repeatability index of self-organizing atmospheric pressure maps characterizing the types of atmospheric circulation with the variability of the Arctic Oscillation Index. The revealed regularities of the change in the types of cyclonic-anticyclonic atmospheric circulation are manifested in the interannual variability of the introduced repeatability index of selforganizing atmospheric pressure maps, which is a development of the Arctic Oscillation Index, improves understanding of the atmospheric climate circulation regimes in the Arctic.
Analysis of Nitrogen Nutrients in Liquid Organc Fertilizers from Wastewater of Rice Washing and Coconut Husks Mixture
Authors: Hanifah Wardatul , Tiwow Vanny M. A. , Ratman Ratman
Published: November 2020

This study aimed to determine the process of making a liquid organic fertilizer from wastewater of washing rice and coconut husks as well as to determine the amount of nitrogen contained in liquid organic fertilizer. Nitrogen contents were determined using a colorimeter. The results showed that the nutrient content of nitrogen in the liquid organic fertilizer from wastewater of washing rice and coconut husk from fermentation process in a sample of 10 days for a ratio of 1: 3, 1: 1 and 3: 1 was obtained that nitrogen contents were respectively 0.52, 0.41, and 0.20%. The results of fermentation in a sample of 14 days for a ratio of 1: 3, 1: 1 and 3: 1 obtained that nitrogen contents were 0.62, 0.49, and 0.25%.
Effect of Concentration of Pectinase on Clarification and Ascorbic Acid of Lemon Ginger Drink
Authors: Lusihanne Chrismita B. , Herawati Maria
Published: November 2020

Lemon ginger drink is a herbal drink which contains many antioxidant and ascorbic acid that good for health. However, the murky appearance of the lemon ginger drink causes a lack of consumer interest especially young people in consuming this beverage. The murky in the lemon ginger drink is due to pectin content. Therefore, clarification is needed with the aid of a pectinase enzyme. The concentration of pectinase used in this study were 0; 0.04; 0.06; 0.08; 0.1; 0.1; and 0.12%; then incubated at 500 oC temperatures for 4 hours. The results showed that the proper concentration of pectinase in the clarification of lemon ginger drink was 0.08%. The concentration of the pectinase does not affect the ascorbic acid level of the lemon ginger drink.
The Implementation of Two Strength Method on the Topic of Chemical Equilibrium toward Learning Outcomes of Students in 11th Grade Science at SMA Negeri 1 Sindue on Academic Year 2016-2017
Authors: Pangeran Andi , Said Irwan , Sabang Sri M.
Published: November 2020

This study aimed to determine the differences of students’ learning outcomes between the class implementing the two strenght method and the class with the lecture method on the topic of chemical equilibrium in 11th grade science at SMA Negeri 1 Sindue on academic year 2016-2017. This type of study was a quasi experiment with a non-randomized pretest-posttest control group design. The sample of this study consisted of two classes namely students of class XI science 3 as the exsperimental class (n = 30) and students of class Xl science 2 as the control class (n = 30). Data of students’ learning outcomes were analyzed using t-test statistic of two-party. The analysis obtained the everage scores of the experimental and the control class were 50.50 with a standard deviation of 9.79 and 41.03 with a standard deviation of 11.01. Result of the hypothesis test with t-test statistic of two-party obtained –ttable ≤ tcount ≥ + ttable (tcount = 2.35 and ttable = 2.00) with a significance level of 0.05 and degree of freedom of 58 then H0 was rejected and H1 was accepted. This study concludes that there is difference in students’ learning outcomes between class with the implementation of the two strength methods and class with the lecture method on the topic of chemical equilibrium in 11th grade science at SMA Negeri 1 Sindue on academic year 2016-2017.
Lead Metal Adsorption from its Solution using Seagrass Biomass Enhalus Acoroides
Authors: Masita Siti , Said Irwan , Suherman Suherman
Published: November 2020

Seagrass is one of the macrophyta plants containing enough biomass. Recently, seagrass has been used for filtering waste, drugs and sources of chemicals. Seagrass also functions to stabilize the soft bases where most species grow, especially with solid root systems and cross each other.  Therefore, seagrass has the potential to absorb heavy metal ions from the solution. This research aimed to determine the optimum weight and optimum contact time for Pb metal adsorption. Weight variation of seagrass biomass was 60, 90, and 120 mg while variation in contact time was 60, 90, and 120 minutes. The results obtained optimum weight of seagrass biomass to absorb Pb metal was 60 mg with 98.42% Pb absorbed, and optimum contact time for seagrass biomass to absorb Pb metal was 60 minutes with 95.45% Pb absorbed.
PERPETUATION OF RADICAL IDEOLOGY: DEPERSONALIZATION AND AGENCY OF WOMEN AFTER THE BANNING OF HIZBUT TAHRIR INDONESIA
Authors: Rohmaniyah Inayah
Published: November 2020

This study tries to see the existence of women in Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia in Gorontalo after the issuance of Perppu No. 2 of 2017. Based on qualitative research, wherein data is obtained through interviews and focus group discussions, the results of the study found that members of the HTI Muslimah group, as individuals undergo a process of depersonalization. This process gained legitimacy from religious understanding, especially related to belief in the concept of fatalistic destiny, which has contributed to the perpetuation of patriarchal interpretation. Their determination to hold the Taqiyuddin an-Nabhani book as a single source of teachings has contributed effectively in strengthening the process of depersonalization. The banning of HTI did not weaken the group's identity and depersonalize its members. The ban only shifts their da'wah space; from the public to limited space, from large group targets to the individual using a door to door, utilizing networks of friendship and brotherhood, and placing the role of women more significantly. However, there has also been a change in the level of their depersonalization and compliance due to the access to new technologies and knowledge that encouraged them to have critical thinking, modalities, and power to internalize more relevant knowledge and identity.
Large-scale Scientific Computing in the Fight Against COVID-19
Authors: West John
Published: November 2020

U.S. computing leaders, including the National Science Foundation, have
partnered with universities, government agencies, and the private sector
to accelerate research into responses to COVID-19 – providing an
unprecedented collection of resources that include some of the fastest
computers in the world. This current work expands on last month’s
Leadership Computing article by continuing to showcase the range of
contributions that the national cyberinfrastructure is making to global
efforts to stop the pandemic. This article touches on research efforts
to learn how SARS-CoV-2 spreads among different populations, the biology
and structure of the virus and its mechanisms of infection, and to
develop effective vaccines for prevention and antiviral therapies for
treatment. Even though we are still early in the process of developing
an effective therapeutic response, the rapid mobilization of the
national research cyberinfrastructure is a timely reminder of the
strategic importance of robust, ongoing investments in large-scale
scientific computing.
Parameter Estimation in Uncertain Heat Equations
Authors: Ye Tingqing
Published: November 2020

Uncertain heat equations are aimed to model the variation of temperature
in a given region over time under uncertain influence. Parameter
estimation is an important and significant topic in uncertain heat
equations because after we construct a uncertain heat equation according
to the specific problem to model a dynamic system, it is natural that
the uncertain heat equation contains unknown parameters such as the
unknown thermal diffusivity and unknown parameters of strength of heat
source. For that matter, this paper first employs the moment method to
estimate unknown parameters in uncertain heat equations. To show the
process of parameter estimation, two numerical examples are given.
Year and Industry-Level Accounting Narrative Analysis: Readability and Tone Variation
Authors: Efretuei Ekaete
Published: November 2020

In this study, I examine variations in the textual complexity of annual report narrative disclosures using the Fog Readability Index and Fin-Neg word list Tone Index given year and industry effects. I analyze accounting narrative readability and tone based on firm years, associations between the two narrative measures, and industry data. Tests of the relationship between readability and tone show that negative narratives have higher readability scores, supporting the obfuscation hypothesis that bad news tends to be more difficult to read. A year analysis shows that the negative relationship between readability and tone increases in significance over time (2006–2011). An industry analysis shows that the observed obfuscation tends to persist in basic materials, consumer services, financial, technology, and utilities industries. This study shows that considering the effect of variations between industry and firm years can inform annual report textual complexity research and associated empirical analyses.

Data Availability: Data are available from the public sources cited in the text.

JEL Classifications: M41; M49.
The Russian Understanding of War: Blurring the Lines between War and Peace
Authors: Wilhelmsen Julie
Published: November 2020

Abstract: The Russian Understanding of War: Blurring the Lines between War and PeaceJulie Wilhelmsen (NUPI, Norwegian Institute of International Affairs) reviews The Russian Understanding of War: Blurring the Lines between War and Peace by Oscar Jonsson.
Modelo conceptual para diseñar un plan curricular auxiliar sostenible en periodos de contingencia para las instituciones públicas de educación superior
Authors: Navarrete Hernández Alicia
Published: November 2020

El presente trabajo es el resultado del estudio de una herramienta innovadora de diseño curricular para la educación del desarrollo sostenible. El principal objetivo fue crear un instrumento estratégico de gestión para situaciones críticas durante el proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje. Se analizó el método de diseño curricular de tres instituciones públicas de educación superior, tres postulados internacionales para la educación del desarrollo sostenible, dos teorías de aprendizaje constructivista basado en el andamiaje, una teoría para el diseño de estrategias de aprendizaje, así como referencias acerca de los estilos y modelos de aprendizaje.  

El estudio se basó en los métodos analítico, sistémico e inductivo, a través de los cuales se obtuvieron datos acerca del contexto de las principales teorías de aprendizaje constructivista, métodos de diseño curricular, postulados acerca de la educación para el desarrollo sostenible, tendencias tecnológicas en la educación, tipos y modelos de aprendizaje, y formas de enseñanza.

Se observó que ninguno de los métodos utilizados por las tres instituciones públicas de educación superior dispone de un plan de contingencia para situaciones críticas dentro de la estructura del método de diseño curricular, aunque se han implementado acciones para dar solución a los problemas presentados. En cuanto a su estructura, se identificó que el método es diverso, con excepción del modelo curricular, ya que en dos instituciones es sistémico y en una es modular.

Los temas relacionados con la agenda 2030 para el desarrollo sostenible en el contenido curricular de los programas de estudio favorecen la calidad de la educación. Se sugiere integrar en el método de diseño curricular un plan auxiliar sostenible para la prevención de situaciones críticas y también incorporar temas relacionados con el desarrollo sostenible que sirvan de complemento al contenido programático vigente y que propicie el aprendizaje significativo sostenible para dar respuesta a situaciones críticas derivadas de fenómenos naturales ocasionados por el cambio climático.
OS SERTÕES EM DEBATE: FRONTEIRAS, SECAS E INSTITUIÇÕES
Authors: Andrade Juciene Batista Felix
Published: November 2020

A temática das “secas” ganhou uma fortuna crítica no Nordeste brasileiro. Pode-se afirmar que a seca, enquanto temática, além de uma problemática natural e social, consiste num problema historiográfico. Face a esta abrangência, e compreendendo que a temática ainda pode ser objeto de uma reflexão no âmbito de uma história dos sertões, realiza-se esta rápida incursão. É que em torno das secas foram construídos repertórios de memória, em diferentes suportes documentais, casos e cronologias, políticas públicas e investimentos técnicos e científicos, articulações entre local, regional e global, que deram evidências aos dilemas humanos em termos de trabalho, mobilidade e saúde
ANÁLISE DAS DIMENSÕES DA INOVAÇÃO SOCIAL EM PROJETOS QUE BUSCAM A TRANSFORMAÇÃO SOCIAL DE CRIANÇAS E JOVENS
Authors: Kumasaka Júlia Mitsue Vieira Cruz , Cruz Barbara Braga , Santos Sandra Maria dos , Cabral Augusto Cézar De Aquino
Published: November 2020

The general objective of the research is to investigate how the dimensions of social innovation, in light of the Tardif and Harrisson (2005) model, manifest themselves in projects aimed at children and young people in a state of social vulnerability. Meeting the various social needs, such as education, health and income takes place in the third sector, which, by producing a social innovation, promotes the development and well-being of the population (Tondolo, 2013). Thus, social innovation is expressed as the cooperation of individuals who seek to meet unmet social demands through innovative solutions, producing more quality of life (Bignetti, 2011). Tardif and Harrisson (2005) elaborated a model with dimensions of social innovation after studying 49 cases. This research is qualitative, descriptive and exploratory in nature. The research strategy was chosen to develop a comparative case study. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, documentary research and direct observation. The data analysis used was content analysis, with the aid of Atlas.ti 7.5 software. The first case does not completely fit the denomination for methodological issues, as it does not present some fundamental characteristics of a social innovation, according to Tardif and Harrisson (2005). However, the second case fits, but with caveats for the non-participation specifically of children in the decision-making process. This does not detract from the work performed in both cases. Furthermore, elements not covered in detail in a model, but apparently characteristic of the analyzed context, are explained to be better studied in the future.
CONVERSION OF AN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY CLUSTER TO A POLE OF CREATIVE ECONOMY: AN ANALYSIS FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF SÉRGIO ALVES' MULTIDIMENSIONAL-REFLEXIVE MODEL OF ORGANIZATION
Authors: Silva Anderson Diego Farias da , Fernandes Osíris Luís Da Cunha , Paiva Júnior Fernando Gomes de , Medeiros Janann Joslin , Fernandes Nelson Da Cruz Monteiro
Published: November 2020

This study examines how structure and agent are manifested during the process of conversion of the Porto Digital, an urban Local Productive Arrangement (LPA) for Information and Communication Technology (ICT) domiciled in the Metropolitan Region of Recife in the Brazilian state of Pernambuco, into a Creative Economy pole entitled Portomídia. An embedded case study was carried out using the multidimensional-reflexive model of organization (OMR) proposed by Sérgio Alves. The compilation of the corpus for analysis included the transcriptions of semi-structured interviews and field observation notes, as well as documents associated with the conversion effort. Results indicate that the organizational-administrative characteristics of Portomídia approximate the liberating-transformational ideal type described by Alves' multidimensional-reflexive model, a format characterized by the presence of agents with charismatic leadership traits and the primacy of agent over structure.
Comparative Effects of Indole Acetic Acid on Photosynthetic Pigments and Mineral Contents of Two Genotypes of Okra Under Salinity Stress
Authors: Esan A. M. , Olaiya C. O. , Omolekan T. O. , Aremu K. A. , Adeyemi H. R. Y.
Published: November 2020

Salinity stress causes a major threat to crops productivity across the globe. The effects of salt stress on photosynthetic pigments and minerals content were studied in this research work. The seeds of the two genotypes of okra (47-4 and LD 88) were pre-soaked in the solutions of IAA (0.4, 0.5, and 0.6 mM concentrations) and the seeds were sown in 10 kg of soil in polyethene bags already contained 0, 100, and 200 mM NaCl respectively. Salinity stress significantly reduced photosynthetic pigments and minerals content of the two genotypes of okra. Treatment of okra seeds with IAA at varying concentrations improved salt tolerance of the two genotypes, which is evident with increase photosynthetic pigments and minerals concentrations under salinity stress relatives to the negative control groups. Finally, we can infer from the results of this study that pre-soaked seeds with 0.4 mM IAA significantly ameliorated the effects of salinity on the two genotypes of okra, and this concentration could serve as a promising phytohormone for okra plant under moderate and severe salt levels.
Pengaruh Model Problem Based Learning terhadap Keterampilan Menulis Teks Eksposisi dari Siswa Sekolah Menengah
Authors: Efrianto Efrianto , Novelia Siska , Afnita Afnita
Published: November 2020

The purpose of this study was to discuss the effect of the Problem Based Learning (PBL) model on writing skills of exposition text for middle school students. The method used is an experiment inquiry to find the effect of certain treatments on others under controlled conditions. The research procedure which is natural setting and descriptive pay more attention to data processing and analysis, tend to be inductive, and search for suitable meaning. The data collection instrument was a performance test in the form of writing skills on exposition text. The results showed that the application of the PBL model increased the scores of the students' exposition text writing results with an average score of 58%. In addition, the application of the PBL model also deepens students' understanding of the structure, language rules, diction, language style, and speeling contained in the exposition text.
Penggunaan Crazy Story Game untuk Meningkatkan Motivasi Mahasiswa Berbicara dalam Bahasa Inggris
Authors: Nurdiana Nurdiana
Published: November 2020

Various ways and efforts have provided by Speaking lecturers to increase students’ motivation, especially in Speaking. However, based on a preliminary study, researchers found that students' speaking motivation was still considered insufficient. For that, the researcher applied a game, namely Crazy Story. The purpose of this study was to see how students’ motivation who were taught and not taught using Crazy Story Game and to find out whether there was a significant difference between students’ motivation who were taught and not taught using Crazy Story Game. This research was an experimental research. This type of research was a quasi-experimental study using an unequal group design. This study consisted of two groups, namely experimental and control group. The population of this study were students of the third semester of the English Education Study Program. Two groups (classes) of students consisted of 60 people were taken as samples using cluster random sampling. The two groups of students were both given a questionnaire to see their motivation in speaking before and after implementing Crazy Story Game. The data collection techniques were questionnaire and observation. Questionnaire was used to determine students’ motivation in speaking English. Meanwhile, observation was used to see the learning process of Speaking by using Crazy Story Game. From the research findings, it was obtained that the Speaking Motivation data of students who joined the experimental class increased by 4.75%. Meanwhile, students’ speaking motivation who joined the control class only increased by 0.98%. The result of data analysis from T-test was 2.028. This result was compared with the t table with a df (Degree of Freedom) level of 78, namely 1.99. Because t count t table (2.028 ≥ 1.99) and the significance was (0.046 0.05), H0 was rejected and Ha was accepted. The researcher concluded that there was a significant difference between students’ motivation those who were taught and not taught using Crazy Story Game.
El principio de insignificancia en el delito de hurto: principales aspectos y su problemática
Authors: Camilletti Tomás
Published: November 2020

Este artículo nace en virtud de las problemáticas y consecuencias generadas en los delitos contra la propiedad cuando nos encontramos en presencia de cosas apoderadas de escaso o ínfimo valor. Asimismo, se pretende ofrecer al lector un repaso por todas las corrientes doctrinarias y jurisprudenciales de manera amplia, a los efectos de poder generar interrogantes en pos de capacitar a los operadores judiciales y aspirar a un sistema judicial más justo y armónico con los principios penales que rigen en nuestros tribunales. Respecto a ello, se intentarán analizar aquellas situaciones en la que, ante casos análogos propios del delito del hurto, la resolución del conflicto requiera un análisis pormenorizado de la circunstancia en particular y deje al descubierto la coyuntura generada con respecto al principio de insignificancia y la necesidad de aplicación de las penas. El eje de esta publicación no gira en torno a la conveniencia de aplicar una u otra manera de arribar a soluciones ante casos similares, sino que se provea de una serie de recursos y conocimientos que hagan tomar postura y generar argumentos suficientes, para así luego ello, poder repensar la finalidad de la aplicación de penas de corta duración, así como también la necesidad de realizar un cambio de paradigma en nuestro sistema penal.
¿Hambre Cero?
Authors: Ortale María Susana
Published: November 2020

Se presenta un diagnóstico que revela las dificultades identificadas en 2019 para lograr las metas sustantivas para el cumplimiento del Objetivo de Desarrollo Sostenible Hambre Cero en 2030, propuesto por la Asamblea General de las Naciones Unidas en septiembre de 2015, en la denominada Agenda 2030. Esta constatación, observada en todo el mundo, se agudiza por el impacto económico actual producido por la pandemia del Covid-19, y las perspectivas que se avizoran son inciertas y además desalentadoras. América Latina y el Caribe, y particularmente Argentina, disponen de alimentos suficientes para toda su población. Sin embargo, es el acceso a los alimentos y no la disponibilidad el problema fundamental a resolver. El complejo científico-tecnológico tiene un lugar relevante en el objetivo de hacer realidad el derecho a la alimentación. Por un lado, realizando aportes metodológicos a las metas instrumentales presentes en dicho objetivo. Por otro lado, asegurando que el conocimiento científico y técnico en torno de las mismas impacte, a través de las políticas públicas, en la población en situación de vulnerabilidad social y económica.
Jorge Sabato y el Pensamiento Latinoamericano en Ciencia, Tecnología, Desarrollo y Dependencia
Authors: Galante Oscar , Marí Manuel
Published: November 2020

En este artículo se analiza el rol de Jorge Sabato como una de las figuras clave del Pensamiento Latinoamericano en Ciencia, Tecnología, Desarrollo y Dependencia (PLACTED). Se muestra cómo a partir de sus trabajos en la industria metalúrgica consiguió crear, en la Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica (CNEA) argentina, la base para los principales desarrollos autónomos del país en tecnología nuclear, en una síntesis de pensamiento y acción. Por otro lado, se describe cómo desde la práctica, desarrolló una línea de pensamiento en torno a la autonomía tecnológica, y cómo supo aglutinar, en base a su capacidad de liderazgo, a tecnólogos y pensadores de distintos países de la región que constituyeron el PLACTED. Se destacan sus trabajos en prospectiva y el carácter pionero a nivel mundial que significó el desarrollo de los conceptos de innovación, sistemas de innovación, la desagregación del paquete tecnológico, la tecnología como mercancía, y la difundida figura del llamado “Triángulo de Sabato”.