bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Biochemical and molecular responses of hot pepper (Capsicum annuum) to cold stress
Authors: MANGAL MANISHA , SRIVASTAVA ARPITA , SINGH KHUSHBOO , KUMARI SHILPI , TOMAR B S
Published: July 2022

Four cold tolerant hot pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) genotypes were identified at Division of Vegetable Science,ICAR-IARI, New Delhi which showed significantly better agronomic performance during the cold winter conditions ofDelhi during 2019–20 when most of other genotypes succumbed. Present investigations were carried out to understand the biochemical and molecular basis of cold tolerance in these genotypes for which they were compared with cold sensitive genotypes for various biochemical parameters as well as for expression of some cold inducible genes. The results indicated that the cold tolerant genotypes had inherent biochemical and molecular mechanism which helped them in cold acclimation. These genotypes had strong antioxidant defense and ROS (Reactive Oxygen Species) scavenging system as displayed by significantly high activities of guaiacol-peroxidase and superoxide dismutase and lower levels of lipid peroxidation in response to cold stress. They also accumulated higher concentration of proline to maintain their membrane fluidity and H2O2. Twelve of the fourteen cold inducible genes studied in the present investigations had significantly high expression in cold tolerant genotypes. However the expression profile of these genes differed in different genotypes indicating that mechanism of cold tolerance was not identical in all the genotypes. The confirmation of existence of innate cold tolerance mechanism in our test genotypes can pave a way for future utilization of these genotypes in cold stress breeding.
Effectiveness of bio-insecticide incorporated storage bag for safe storage of legumes
Authors: DUBEY ABHINAV , MANI INDRA , NEBAPURE S M , SHARMA P K , PARRAY ROAF AHMAD , RUDRA SHALINI GAUR , V ARUN KUMAR T , ALAM WASI , SINGH MUKESH KUMAR
Published: July 2022

India loses 2–6% of total produce due to lack of improper farm storage facilities. A potential novel method ofincorporating the bioinsecticide (azadirachtin 0.15%) into the storage bag was evaluated for its effectiveness in insect control for safe pulse storage at Division of Agricultural Engineering, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi during 2021. Azadirachtin (2.41%) was incorporated into jute and woven polypropylene bag. The configuration with both sides treated jute and WPP bag produced mortality of 93 and 100% respectively against Callosobruchus maculatus adults. Both the treated bags produced mortality (>75%) within 48 h indicating the efficacy of selected bioinsecticide to contain infestation. The contact toxicity was dependent on porosity and pH of the storage bag material along with exposure time. Incorporation of the bioinsecticide saved more than 30% loss of weight in Bengal gram stored for 6 months. The storage quality of legumes, accessed as percentage of grains with holes and percentage of grains with eggs after storage duration of six months was within the acceptable values. The practice saved a value of `3242/t on stored Bengal gram in Jute bag and `206 in WPP bag respectively. Thus incorporation of azadirachtin could be potential tool for effective post-harvest storage of legumes in a sustainable manner.
Physiochemical and morphological responses of marigold (Tagetes erecta) genotypes under cold stress
Authors: AMALA EDIGA , SINGH K P , PANWAR SAPNA , BANYAL NAMITA , JAIN NEELU , KUMAR SUDHIR , T VINUTHA , VERMA PAVNESH KUMAR
Published: July 2022

The objective of this study was to look into the physiochemical and morphological responses of marigoldgenotypes under cold stress, in order to identify the cold tolerant genotype. During the winter (rabi) season, 10genotypes of African marigold were grown in pots in open and polyhouse growing environments from December2020 to April 2021 at the research farm of ICAR-IARI, New Delhi. The results revealed that marigold genotypesshowed a severe drop in RWC, photosynthesis, transpiration, chlorophyll pigments and increased ELR and MDA content as the cold sensitive genotypes and vice versa was found in the Af./W-4 genotype. There was a significant decrease in the growth and yield parameters due to cold stress conditions in open as compared to polyhouse conditions. The genotypes Af./W-4 and Pusa Bahar recorded highest plant height and maximum plant spread, flower diameter, higher yield/plant respectively among all other African marigold genotypes. Therefore, genotypes Af/W-4 followed by Pusa Bahar are deemed the most tolerant under cold stress conditions, based on the basis of physiochemical and morphological responses.
An inquest into predictors of losses and constraints in Uttar Pradesh’s potato (Solanum tuberosum) value chain
Authors: SAHU SUBHASHREE , SHARMA JAGDISH PRASAD , BURMAN RAJARSHI ROY , GILLS RESHMA , DATTA ANINDITA
Published: July 2022

A significant portion of total horticultural production is lost each year due to post-harvest losses. These lossesvary significantly in different segments of the supply chain and these variations are primarily due to various farmlevel factors. Present study was carried out during 2019–20 to isolate the predictors of post-harvest losses in potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.) in the purposively selected Khandoli block of Agra district, Uttar Pradesh. The total sample size was 160 included 120 farmers; 10 wholesalers; 15 retailers and 15 institutional stakeholders. The study used ordered logistic regression analysis and found that the knowledge level of the producers, training received, variety, timely labour availability, quantity harvested, and storage duration influenced the amount of losses in potatoes. The major constraints identified in the potato value chain were small operational size, absence of storage facilities, inadequate insurance coverage and poor market intelligence. The study suggested focusing more on capacity building, breeding & disseminating improved varieties; creating local-level storage infrastructure; ensuring financial risk coverage and price policy support; creating strong marketing intelligence network and farmer mobilization into farmers groups for effective post-harvest management.
In vitro propagation and genetic fidelity evaluation in LA Lilium
Authors: ASMITA  , SINDHU S S , JAYANTHI M , DHIMAN M R , SINGH M K , HOSSAIN FIROZ
Published: July 2022

The present experiment was conducted at the Division of Floriculture and Landscaping, IARI, New Delhi, Indiaduring 2015–17 to develop a protocol for callus induction, PLB formation and plant regeneration from LA LiliumBrindisi using in vitro leaf segments, and to assess the genetic stability using SSR marker. Micropropagation of LALilium Brindisi led to compact calluses of dark brown to black colour. The in vitro regenerated leaves were inoculated at different concentration of 6-BAP and 2,4-D. Along with calluses, protocorm like bodies were also induced from the surface of cultured leaf segments, which further developed into shoots. MS medium fortified with 6-BAP (0.25 mg/l) and 2, 4-D (5 mg/l) recorded maximum callus formation. The mean number of shoot per callus clump ranged from 1.12 to 3.88, maximum number of shoots were recorded with 6-BAP (4 mg/l) and NAA (0.25 mg/l). Rooting ranged from 72–100% in IBA medium. Twenty regenerates were randomly selected for testing the fidelity. Out of 18 screened markers, only 10 produced clear and reproducible bands. A total of 244 bands were generated from 10 SSR primers in which seven primers were found polymorphic. Dendrogram generated by data analysis using Darwin 6 software package clearly indicated that the in vitro raised plants through leaf explant via callus phase were divided into three main clusters. The result of cluster analysis was supported by principal coordinate analysis (1/2 axis) where all the genotypes were distributed over different quadrangles. The total somaclonal variation was estimated to be 1.9% which indicated that even the plantlets raised through callus phase exhibited low frequency of somaclonal variation in case of LA hybrids of Lilium.
Business models for digital newspapers: an online response to a growing demand for news content
Authors:   University of Vigo, Piñeiro-Torres Blanca
Published: July 2022

The newspaper industry crisis coincides with an explosion in demand for content in diverse areas and forms of news consumption. The diverse digital business paradigms that arise in such a context come in various forms, from pay per view to free of charge content types: a) payment model that combines advertising, subscription and sale techniques similar to the print version, although offering additional services; b) payment model based on quality version subscription; c) payment model charging for access to certain content and d) open and free model with strategies that are increasingly similar to the ones of native digital media. Therefore, there is a paradox between the growing demand for digital content and the difficulty of choosing an online media business model.
Analisis Usia Menikah dan Status Pekerjaan yang Berhubungan dengan Tingkat Kecemasan Ibu Tentang Efek Samping DPT
Authors: Rahman Eddy , Riza Yeni
Published: July 2022

Salah satu penyebab kematian bayi di negara berkembang termasuk Indonesia yaitu penyakit Difteri, Pertusis dan Tetanus (DPT). Imunisasi merupakan upaya pencegahan penyakit untuk menurunkan angka kesakitan, kecacatan dan kematian akibat penyakit yang dapat dicegah dengan imunisasi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui analisis usia menikah dan status pekerjaan yang berhubungan dengan tingkat kecemasan ibu tentang efek samping DPT di wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Basirih Baru tahun 2018. Penelitian ini bersifat survei analitik pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi pada penelitian ini sebanyak 489 responden. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan rumus Slovin yaitu dengan teknik accidental sampling yaitu sebanyak 88 responden. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah kuesioner, menggunakan uji statistik chi square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar responden mengalami cemas berat (58%), menikah dibawah usia ideal (47,7%) dan lebih banyak yang tidak bekerja (63,6%). Terdapat hubungan antara usia menikah dengan tingkat kecemasan (p value = 0,013). Terdapat hubungan antara status pekerjaan dengan tingkat kecemasan (p value = 0,026). Disarankan kepada petugas puskesmas untuk meningkatkan program promosi kesehatan mengenai pentingnya imunisasi serta manfaat imunisasi untuk pencegahan terjadinya penyakit infeksi yang berbahaya bagi anak.
Determinan Sosial “Quality of Life” Orang dengan HIV dan Aids (Odha)
Authors: Basri Acce
Published: July 2022

Kualitas hidup sangat erat kaitannya dengan kehidupan setiap orang terutama orang dengan HIV dan AIDS (ODHA). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh stigma, depresi, dukungan sosial, status sosial ekonomi dan kepatuhan minum obat ARV terhadap kualitas hidup orang dengan HIV dan AIDS (ODHA) di Maluku Utara tahun 2016. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional analitik dengan rancangan “potong lintang”. Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh ODHA yang ada dalam wilayah Propinsi Maluku Utara. Sampel penelitian sebanyak 206 responden yang diambil dan ditentukan dengan tehnik purposif. Data dianalisis dengan uji chi-scuare dan regresi logistik melalui bantuan computer program SPSS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai stigma (p Value=0,002), depresi (p Value=0,001), Dukungan sosial (p Value=0,002), Kepatuhan terapi ARV (p Value=0,024) artinya, keempat factor tersebut berpengaruh terhadap kualitas hidup ODHA. Stigma merupakan variabel yang paling kuat pengaruhnya terhadap kualitas hidup ODHA.
Analisis Paparan Timbal (PB) Pada Petugas Stasiun Pengisian Bensin Umum (SPBU) CV. Arba di Kota Palu
Authors: Tasya Zhanaz
Published: July 2022

Polusi logam berat termasuk timbal (Pb) merupakan masalah yang serius di negara maju maupun negara berkembang seperti indonesia. Polusi timbal berkaitan erat dengan proses pertambangan, asap kendaraan bermotor serta Industri yang menggunakan bahan baku timbal (Pb) seperti bahan bakar minyak yang mengandung bahan kimia beracun. Bahan bakar minyak dapat menghasilkan uap atau gas diudara yang menyebabkan dampak buruk bagi kesehatan manusia.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui paparan timbal (Pb) pada petugas SPBU CV.Arba. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian obeservasional analitik dengan pendekatan Cross sectional study. Sampel dalam penelitian ini diambil dengan menggunakan metode pengambilan sampel Total Sampling yaitu sebesar 40 responden.Hasil penelitian ini adalah ada hubungan yang bermakna antara paparan timbal (Pb) dengan jam kerja responden dengan nilai p=0,004, ada hubungan yang bermakna antara paparan timbal (Pb) dengan masa kerja responden dengan nilai p=0,000,dan hubungan yang bermakna antara paparan timbal (Pb) dengan kebiasaan merokok dengan nilai p=0,001.Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah Pb dapat terakumulasi didalam tubuh dalam kurun waktu yang lama,akumulasi timbal (Pb) didalam tubuh khususnya kepada para petugas SPBU dapat dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor diantaranya ialah masa kerja yang lama, jam kerja yang lebih dari jam kerja normal, dan kebiasaan merokok. Selain melaui spesimen darah dan urin, akumulasi timbal (Pb) didalam tubuh seseorang juga dapat dideteksi melalui spesimen yang lain seperti rambut karna rambut dapat menyimpan akumulasi zat kimia didalam tubuh dalam kurun waktu yang lama.
Keyakinan Masyarakat Terhadap Penyebab Hipertensi, Dan Upaya Penanggulangannya
Authors: Kurniawan K. Rama Nur , Renjaan Lisye , Yani Ahmad
Published: July 2022

Hipertensi merupakan penyakit yang sering muncul di negara berkembang, salah satunya adalah Indonesia dengan angka pen-derita komplikasi hipertensi sekitar 9,4 kematian di seluruh dunia setiap tahunnya. Kecamatan Manyeuw Kabupaten Maluku Tenggara pada tahun 2016 menunjukkan 35 kasus hipertensi, meningkat pada tahun 2017 sebanyak 40 penderita, serta tahun 2018 berjumlah 45 kasus. Adapun dari 10 jenis penyakit terbanyak pada Bulan Maret tahun 2018 hipertensi berada pada urutan kedua setelah penyakit ISPA. Dari survey awal berdasarkan wawancara dari jumlah 182 pasien lansia dengan hipertensi 10 dian-taranya kurang mengetahui tentang diet garam. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan study kasus. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa masyarakat meyakini bahwa penyakit hipertensi disebabkan oleh stress serta konsumsi ma-kanan dengan kadar garam yang berlebihan. Selain itu, masyarakat meyakini bahwa penyakit ini dapat diatasi dengan cara men-gonsumsi makanan yang alami, berolahraga secara teratur, serta membiasakan berdoa sebelum makan.
ANALYSIS OF THE SOMACLONAL VARIATION IN TWO IN VITRO REGENERATED AGAVE SPECIES
Authors: Velasco Irene Martínez , Fernandez Amaury-M. Arzate
Published: July 2022

Background: Plant tissue culture has been shown to be an efficient technique for the propagation of diverse Agave species using different in vitro regeneration processes. However, it has been demonstrated that genetic changes can occur in plants regenerated under these schemes, also called somaclonal variation. Objective: the objective of this study was to determine the genetic fidelity of plantlets regenerated from three different explants (mature zygotic embryonic axis, in vitro plantlet meristematic zone, and ex vitro plantlet meristematic zone) using two pathways of micropropagation (direct and indirect organogenesis) of A. salmiana and A. marmorata. Methodology: somaclonal variation of the obtained clones was evaluated using different DNA markers, such as anchored simple inter-sequence repeat (ASSR) and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD). Results: the results show that only in those clones that undergo a callus phase and, consequently, indirect organogenesis, somaclonal variation was observed. In contrast, those clones obtained by direct organogenesis were genetically stable, it means not polymorphic bands were observed. Implications: it was achieved an efficient propagation protocol for A. salmiana and A. marmorata, maintaining genetic stability of regenerated plantlets as well as a possible alternative for genetic improvement by observing somaclonal variation via indirect organogenesis in both evaluated species. Conclusions: in this research, the micropropagation pathway (direct and indirect organogenesis) was the determining factor to maintain or not the genetic fidelity of the regenerated plants in both species of Agave used.
PRODUCCIÓN Y PERFIL DE ÁCIDOS GRASOS DE LA LECHE DE CABRAS ALIMENTADAS CON ENSILADO DE CANOLA (Brassica napus) EN SUSTITUCIÓN DE ENSILADO DE MAÍZ (Zea mays) EN RACIONES TOTALMENTE MEZCLADAS
Authors: Mejía Uribe Luis Alberto , Domínguez Vara Ignacio Arturo , Hernández Ruipérez Fuensanta , Morales Almaráz Ernesto
Published: July 2022

Background. Canola silage (EC) is a viable alternative to replace corn silage (EM) in ruminants feed, due to its nutritional value and source of polyunsaturated fatty acids to improve the quality milk fat. Objective. To evaluate the inclusion of EC as substitute for of EM in total mixed rations (TMR) on milk production, composition and fatty acids profile of goats at the end lactation. Methodology. Ten Alpine goats (49 ± 2.5 kg LW, 194 ± 18 days in lactation) were fed with completely mixed diets containing 25% EC plus 25% EM (experimental diet) and 50% EM (control diet). Results. Milk production in goats fed with EC was 33.46% higher (P<0.05) than in goats eating only ME as forage. The content of rumenic and vaccenic acids in milk increased (P<0.05) 60 and 57%, respectively, with the inclusion of EC in the diet. There were not differences (P>0.05) in milk fat, protein and lactose content, nor in dry matter intake between treatments. Implications. EC as an alternative forage in combination with EM, it is a viable feeding strategy for small ruminants. Conclusions. The use of EC represents a feeding strategy to improve the fatty acid profile of milk without effecting the chemical composition of milk and the productive response of goats at the end of lactation.
ISOLATION, CLONING AND PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS OF pld AND cp40, VIRULENCE FACTORS OF A MEXICAN ISOLATE OF Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis ovis
Authors: Rodríguez Domínguez Maria Carla , Montes de Oca Jiménez Roberto , Barbabosa-Pliego Alberto , Díaz-Aparicio Efrén , Varela Guerrero Jorge Antonio , Tenorio Borroto Esvieta
Published: July 2022

Background. Caseous lymphadenitis is a worldwide distribute disease that affects the sheep and goat industry. Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis ovis is a facultative intracellular Gram-positive bacterium, considered the etiologic agent of the disease. Complete genome sequences of Mexican isolates have been obtained and different strain has been previously characterized. The study of virulence factors allows establishing potential candidates for the development of vaccines and diagnostic tools. Objective. To identify the complete pld and cp40 genes sequence from a Mexican isolate of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis ovis, principal virulence factors. Methodology. Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis isolate 2J-L was obtained from an abscess of a sheep of the State of Jalisco. The complete pld and cp40 genes were amplified by PCR, cloned into a replicative vector and sequenced by Sanger automatic sequencing. Gene sequences conservancy was established, analyzing homology across previously reported genes of Mexican strains MEX1, MEX2, MEX9, MEX25 and MEX29. Results. Sequences of pld and cp40 genes from isolate 2J-L presented high percentages of similarity (99%) in comparison with the sequences of other isolates of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis, reported in the GenBank database. The analysis of nucleotide sequence homology and phylogenetic tree based on pld and cp40 directed the observation that 2J-L is related to Mexican strain MEX29 and MEX25. Phylogenetic results agreed on the idea that strains biovar ovis and biovar equi are groupings on different clades. Finally, results indicate that Mexican strains are more similar among strains isolated from the same host type, without geography distance influence. Implications. The analysis pointed out that both genes conserve their sequences in comparison with Mexican and international strains, which encourages the research continuity for vaccine and diagnostic tools development using proteins PLD and CP40 as antigen targets. Conclusions. The complete pld and cp40 genes from Mexican isolate 2J-L were amplified, cloned and analyzed; important virulence factors from Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis.
SOCIAL CAPITAL NETWORKS (SCNS) REDUCING THE POVERTY ON COCOA PRODUCING HOUSEHOLDS: EVIDENCE FROM OSUN AND ONDO STATES OF SOUTHWESTERN NIGERIA
Authors: Kehinde Ayodeji Damilola , Ogundeji Abiodun Akintunde
Published: July 2022

Background. Poverty is a state or condition in which a person or community lacks the capital required to meet their needs. Whereas, social capital has been described as a vital asset for poverty alleviation since it can provide access to that which is lacking; capital. This study suggests evidences that the poor farmers could benefit more from social capital. Objective. This study was conducted to assess the impact of social capital on poverty alleviation among cocoa producing households in Southwestern, Nigeria. Methodology. A multi-stage sampling procedure was employed to select 300 cocoa-producing households for the study. Data were analyzed using social capital indices, FGT index, the Probit model and two-stage least square model. Results. The results revealed that cash contribution (0.478), labour contribution (0.556), decision-making (0.882), meeting attendance (0.920), heterogeneity (0.659) and density of membership (0.661) are the major dimensions of social capital available to cocoa-producing households. The results of the Probit model revealed that age of household head, gender, household size, years of experience, farm income, and farm size were the main determining factors of participating in SCNs. The Foster, Greer and Thorbecke index revealed that 65% of the sample households are poor. Out of the poor households, 42% are moderately poor and 23% are core poor. The results further revealed that factors including age, square of age, household size, years of education, farm income, farm size, cash contribution, labour contribution, decision making, meeting attendance, aggregate social capital and instrumented social capital significantly influenced cocoa-producing households’ expenditure. Implications. The paper adds evidence for a better understanding of nexus between social capital networks and poverty alleviations. Conclusions. The study concluded that social capital alleviates poverty among cocoa-producing households. This means that policy strategy aimed toward alleviating poverty among cocoa-producing households must consider their social capital.
ROENCAPSULACIÓN DE Bacillus thuringiensis (BERLINER) EN MATRICES BIOPOLIMÉRICAS CON SECADO POR ASPERSIÓN PARA EL CONTROL DE Hyphantria cunea (DRURY)
Authors: Palacios-Cortez Lucia Leticia , Gandarilla-Pacheco Fatima Lizeth , Morales-Ramos Lilia Hortencia , Salcedo-Martínez Sergio Manuel , Aleman-Huerta Maria Elizabeth , Elias-Santos Myriam , Quintero-Zapata Isela
Published: July 2022

Background. The formulation of agents of biological origin with insecticidal activity is one of the most effective methods for the control of lepidopteran pests due to their feeding forms. The insecticidal activity of B. thuringensis is widely known, which is why it is believed that native strains of this bacillus could have toxic activity on larvae of the cobweb worm, H. cunea. Objective. To prepare by means of the spray drying technique microencapsulated formulations of a native strain of B. thuringensis with toxic activity on H. cunea. Methodology. The experimental design was completely randomized and the means were compared with the Tukey test (p ≤ 0.05). The strain selected for the formulation is a key Mexican strain GM-10 belonging to the aizawai variety and presented an LC50 of 0.007 ng cm-2 in artificial diet, and a LT50 of 80.83 h. To prepare the formulations, a phago-stimulant was first selected by means of food preference tests with powdered leaves of walnut, blackberry, ash, loquat and walnut shell powder and a commercial phage-stimulant (Coax®), and ash was selected with 61.4% of the larvae attracted. Once the phagostimulant was selected, encapsulated formulations were developed with a mixture of polymers (Capsul®-bovine gelatin), as a base. Several formulations were then made to select an adhesion additive, and the ingredients tested were guar gum, core® gum and xanthan gum. Results. Food preference bioassays to establish the affinity of H. cunea for some of the formulations showed that the larvae had a similar affinity for feeding on all formulations (p ≥ 0.05), while in the trials to select an adherent for the formulation xanthan gum presented the best adherence (p ≤ 0.05). Implications. The evaluated formulations preserved their toxic activity after microencapsulation with an LC50 of less than 0.05 ng cm-2 of B. thuringensis. Conclusion. These results show the feasibility of using the spray drying method to obtain an effective formulation for the treatment of the immature stages of H. cunea.
Functional Connectivity measures
Authors: Nieto-Castanon Alfonso
Published: July 2022

Functional connectivity Magnetic Resonance Imaging studies attempt to quantify the level of functional integration across different brain areas. This chapter describes a representative set of functional connectivity measures available in CONN, each focusing on different indicators of functional integration, including seed-based connectivity measures, ROI-to-ROI measures, graph theoretical approaches, network-based measures, and dynamic connectivity measures.
A Review on Sentiment Analysis for Code-Mix Chinese and English Text on Social Media
Authors:   Department of Information Systems and Security, Faculty of Computing and Information Technology, Tunku Abdul Rahman University College, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Lim Kong Hua , Lim Tong Ming ,   Centre of Business Incubation and Entrepreneurial Ventures, Tunku Abdul Rahman University College, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Published: July 2022

Social media is rich with opinions. Millions of people shared their thoughts on products, services and events on Social Media Sites (SMS). Digital marketers extract and analyse content from SMS so that they know how best to promote their products or services to potential buyers. Government can get feedback from citizens about policies they have implemented. Works here reviews numerous sentiment analysis research works that study code-mix posts and comments that were expressed in formal and informal languages with a code-mix of Chinese and English or English and Hindi. Research in code-mix English and Hindi sentiment analysis are reviewed to provide some insights for application in code-mix Chinese and English. Raw data collected will be pre-processed into structured representation. Works here will discuss sentiment analysis that adopts lexicon approach, machine learning and combination of both. Works here will highlight translation and non-translation approaches used to analyse code-mix text. Discussion about propose solution for further exploration is discussion in a section. Critical remarks and a concluding section will be presented at the end of the paper. Keywords: code-mix, machine learning, lexicon
A Critical Review on Impression Rate and Pattern on Social Media Sites
Authors:   Department of Information and Communication Technology, Tunku Abdul Rahman University College, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Choon Kwai Mui , Lim Tong Ming ,   Centre for Business Incubation and Entrepreneurial Ventures, Tunku Abdul Rahman University College, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Published: July 2022

Social media interaction continues affecting consumer opinion of a product, so social media marketing has become the most accessible marketing channel for brands to reach their business’ target market, product promotion, make a sale or spread brand awareness. This paper is to critically review past research works on the impact of impressions on social media marketing and highlight gaps found. There are limited studies available on the impact of the impression rate on brand awareness through social media marketing/advertising. By using a systematic literature review, this paper contributes to social media adoption by investigating consumers’ brand awareness towards social media advertising, the relationship between impressions rate and brand awareness and social media measurement practices in various industries. Keywords: social media, impressions, reach, brand awareness
Click-Through Rate (Ctr) Prediction for Online Advertising
Authors:   Faculty of Computing and Information Technology, Tunku Abdul Rahman University College, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Teoh Jessie Poh Lin , Lim Tong Ming ,   Centre For Business Incubation And Entrepreneurial Ventures, Tunku Abdul Rahman University College, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Published: July 2022

Click-Through Rate (CTR) prediction is used to estimate the probability of a user to click on an item in an online advertising. CTR provides insights in supporting effective online advertising that generates huge advertising revenues and also improve users’ satisfaction. Researchers use various features in their proposed CTR prediction models, and they can be generally classified as advertisement feature, user feature and ad-context feature. Advertisement feature explains “How” an ad serving is, user feature illustrates “Who” is browsing the web pages and lastly the ad-context feature describes “What” the product is, “Where” will an ad displayed and the “Mood” of the web contents from users’ comments. In recent years, there is a transformation on CTR models from the traditional methodologies into deep CTR models. Different studies have emphasized certain features and there is no consensus on the features used in the CTR prediction models to achieve better performance. This paper examines the features used by various CTR prediction models in the online advertising and the various opportunities that are available for future research. Keywords: Ad-context, Click-Through Rate, Deep Interest Evolution Network, Deep Interest Network, Deep Session Interest Network
A Review on Sentiment Analysis of Resource-Scarce Languages and Code-Mixed Social Media Text
Authors:   Department of Computer Science and Embedded Systems, Tunku Abdul Rahman University College, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Tan Kathleen Swee Neo , Lim Tong Ming ,   Department of Computer Science and Embedded Systems, Tunku Abdul Rahman University College, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Published: July 2022

With the phenomenal increase of social media usage today, organizations and governments have more aggressively turned to analysing user-generated content freely available on social media platforms in order to gain insights and sentiments on products, brands and policies. One challenge faced by social media analytics researchers in this respect is the habit of users frequently expressing their opinions using code-mixed text in their posts and comments. Code-mixing refers to the mixing of words from multiple languages in a single sentence. The languages used may include both formal and informal languages, with at least one of the languages being a resource-scarce language. This paper presents a review on methods that have been proposed and used for sentiment analysis of code-mixed social media text. Keywords: code-mixed, resource-scarce, sentiment analysis, social media
Sentiment Analysis on Adaptive Lexicon-Based Approach and Statistical Lexicon-Based Approach
Authors:   Faculty of Computing and Information Technology, Tunku Abdul Rahman University College, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Yow Leong Wai , Lim Kong Hua ,   Faculty of Computing and Information Technology, Tunku Abdul Rahman University College, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Lim Yee Mei ,   Faculty of Computing and Information Technology, Tunku Abdul Rahman University College, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Lim Tong Ming ,   Faculty of Computing and Information Technology, Tunku Abdul Rahman University College, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Published: July 2022

Social media has been playing a huge role towards the society nowadays, mainly because of the community express their opinions and thoughts mostly on their own social media. Therefore, it is difficult to figure out the emotion of each sentences on social media as the words used carries different meaning individually, and when used in a sentence. A method has been created from existing static lexicon (staticLex) to improve the performance of determining the emotion on message-level sentiment analysis, called adaptive lexicon (adaLex) [2]. Data source is from Plutchik’s emotion annotated data. Keywords: sentiment analysis, adaptive lexicon, static lexicon
Crack Segmentation using DeepLab
Authors:   Department of Computer Science and Embedded Systems, Faculty of Computing and Information Technology, Tunku Abdul Rahman University College, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Voon Zhen Cheng , Chaw Jun Kit ,   Department of Computer Science and Embedded Systems, Faculty of Computing and Information Technology, Tunku Abdul Rahman University College, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Published: July 2022

Crack detection on road or building surface is normally inspected manually by specialist. It consumes a lot of time and the inspection result might be different depending on the specialist experience and knowledge. In this paper, an automated crack segmentation model built using DeepLab model is proposed where transfer learning is being utilized. The model is trained on the dataset from DeepCrack which consists of 300 training images and 237 testing images. 3 models are trained with different value of training step and training rate. The models are then evaluated using the mean intersection-over-union metrics and managed to achieve value around 0.75 for mean intersection-over-union. 10 images also chosen and the precision and recall value for each of the images are calculated and plotted on a graph. The segmentation result of the DeepLab model was used to compare with the segmentation result of Otsu’s method in detecting cracks. Keywords: crack segmentation, DeepLab, transfer learning
Metro Manila Trac SMS-Based Flood Monitoring System
Authors:   Computer Studies Department, College of Information Technology, Mindanao State University Main Campus, Marawi City, Philippines., M. Marohomsalic Azreen
Published: July 2022

This study involves the development of a Flood Monitoring System (FMS) accessible via SMS. Specifically, this study was conducted in 2016, focusing on Metro Manila traffic and flood-prone roads in the metropolis. The initial findings may be useful to urban planners and can be integrated by the government to future development plans to mitigate flood-related incidents. In Metro Manila, heavy rains lead to road flooding causing traffic congestion, road closures, even traffic accidents (AER, 2015). Flooding has become a common cause of costly damages to vehicles (Jimeno, K, 2014). To avoid traffic mishaps, motorists may access flood-related information through social media or road navigation apps which provide crowdsourced updates on heavy traffics, inaccessible roads and floods status (CNN Philippines 2016). However, such is not entirely reliable, requires data subscriptions and limited to smartphone users. In the Philippines, once dubbed as the ‘texting capital of the world’, some 1.4 billion SMS are sent everyday (DICT 2015). Hence, an SMS-based flood monitoring system providing real-time standardized road accessibility status information of flood-prone roads in Metro Manila is an interesting proposition. This design includes product development of the Flood Monitoring Device (FMD) prototype and IT project management plan crafted for potential implementation. Keywords: Flood-related Risks, Flood Monitoring System, IT Project Management Plan, Metro Manila Traffic
Integration of Specific Local Search Methods in Metaheuristic Algorithms for Optimizing the Feature Selection Process: A Survey Authors
Authors:   Computer Science Department, Federal University of Kashere, Gombe-Nigeria, Jeremiah Isuwa
Published: July 2022

Metaheuristic algorithms have proven to be quite effective at solving global optimization issues, particularly feature selection difficulties. This class of algorithms often uses a specialized local search technique as an inner component or as a post-processing mechanism to improve the performance of their search process. This paper presents a comprehensive survey of the use of local search methods integrated into metaheuristic algorithms for optimizing the feature selection process. Based on the manner of operation, the local search methods examined in this study were classed as one-way or two-way. In addition, practical suggestions were also discussed to point out possible future directions.
AGING AND ANTI-AGING RESEARCH AND PUBLISHING PRIORITIES
Authors: Bashkirtsev Oleksii , Zimba Olena
Published: July 2022

AGING AND ANTI-AGING RESEARCH AND PUBLISHING PRIORITIES
CIRCADIAN RHYTHMS AND PERSONALIZED STRATEGIES FOR ANTI-AGING THERAPIES
Authors: Kalmukova Olesia , Kyryk Vitalii , Dzerzhynsky Mykola
Published: July 2022

Background. Nowadays personalized medicine is actively developing and consists of individual approaches during patients' treatment, diagnoses and prognoses. Since the first use of DNA sequence analysis in 2009, many other directions and methods for precision medicine have been proposed, including metabolome, transcriptome, proteome, microbiome analysis etc., which reflect internal factors of organisms. Moreover, to take into account environmental influence on organisms including day/night activity, feeding and physical training regime, it was proposed to apply the descriptions of circadian system rhythmicity of each patient. Also, with organism aging, the sensitivity to external factors is raised that emphasizes the importance of the chronobiological approach in anti-aging concept. In this review we discussed available ways of the application of circadian system parameters to analyze human metabolic state.

Methods. Search strategy: PubMed, Scopus, DOAJ (Directory of Open Access Journals) and Google Scholar were used to search for original research and articles review; no abstracts from meeting reports have been cited. ClinicalTrials.gov was used to search for clinical studies. Search terms included “chronotherapy”, “circadian system”, and “chronobiology”.

Results. According to personalized medicine, the analysis of circadian system in the case of each patient is necessary as circadian rhythmicity varies in every person. Taking into account the peculiarities of patient’s circadian system it will be easy to choose the best time for drug administration resulting in high efficacy and low side effects. The analysis of circadian system can be performed on molecular, physiological and systemic (general, metabolic and inflammation markers) levels. There was shown the increase in the number of clinical trials which are based on the use of chronobiological approach during the treatment of different pathologies that increase with aging: depression, insomnia, metabolic and cardiovascular disease, cancer. More than 1,000 clinical trials involving circadian interventions and chronobiology have been registered worldwide.

Conclusion. Chronobiological approach can be used as an additional measure to anti-aging therapy to diagnose metabolic state, to choose more effective treatment time as well as in preventive healthcare in terms of personalized medicine.
INFLAMMAGING IN MUSCLE: THE MISSING LINK BETWEEN SARCOPENIA AND IDIOPATHIC INFLAMMATORY MYOPATHIES
Authors: Jagtap Kshitij , Hoff Leonardo Santos , Conticini Edoardo , Naveen R. , Gupta Latika
Published: July 2022

Ageing is associated with a progressive decline in muscle mass and quality. Inflammaging, chronic low-grade inflammation is a major causative as well as maintenance factor in age-related disorders. Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies or myositis also exhibit a chronic stage of inflammation caused by various immune and non-immune-mediated processes. This review draws parallels between the mechanisms of inflammaging, sarcopenia, and myositis, and their possible interconnection.
We searched literature on information about myositis, sarcopenia, ageing, inflammaging, and senescence to draw parallels between the mechanisms linking myositis, sarcopenia, and inflammaging. Further, we discuss the evidence base to support that the process of senescence is hastened in an inflamed muscle [1].
REGENERATIVE EFFECTS OF MOUSE ADIPOSE-DERIVED MULTIPOTENT STROMAL CELLS IN A MICROMASS GRAFT FOR THE TREATMENT OF BONE INJURY MODEL
Authors: Kyryk Vitalii , Kuchuk Olga , Klymenko Pavlo
Published: July 2022

Background. Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) are a promising source for the regeneration of bone tissue injuries. At the same time, three-dimensional cultures provide spatial organization of stem cells for optimal intercellular signaling, contact interaction and increase the efficiency of directed osteogenic differentiation prior to further transplantation.

The aim of the study was to establish the regenerative potential of mouse adipose-derived stem cells in micromass grafts differentiated into the osteogenic direction to restore the bone injury in mice.

Methods. Three-dimensional micromass cultures of murine ADSCs with further differentiation into osteogenic direction were obtained. The migration potential of cells from micromass in vitro and the effectiveness of differentiation by staining for alkaline phosphatase were evaluated. Mice with the model of femoral bone injury were transplanted with ADSCs micromass grafts and 21 days later the lesion site was examined by histological and morphometric methods.

Results. The protocols for the cultivation and directed osteogenic differentiation of ADSCs in the three-dimensional micromass culture have been developed. Alkaline phosphatase production was demonstrated in cells that migrated from micromass, confirming the effectiveness of differentiation. In macroscopic examination 21 days after graft transplantation, the defect sites in femur were filled with dense tissue, while in control bones without the use of transplants, the size of the defect by 80 ± 6 % corresponded to the initial diameter and depth of injury. Histological examination of femoral bone lesions in the area of transplantation of micromass grafts revealed the formation of granulation tissue followed by the replacement of defects with newly formed bone tissue with thickening of periosteum and compact bone substance, similar to callus in fracture regeneration. In animals that underwent transplantation of micromass without prior osteogenic differentiation, the diameter of the zone of active regeneration of the diaphysis at the site of injury was 1.3 ± 0.2 mm while in the group with transplantation of directed differentiated graft it was significantly lower (0.37 ± 0.12 mm, p ≤ 0.05).

Conclusions. Three-dimensional grafts of adipose-derived multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells cultured in micromass are able to improve bone tissue regeneration in a model of bone injury in mice. In this case, the grafts differentiated into osteogenic direction, provide better morphological indicators of bone recovery, compared with the micromass without prior differentiation.
“All apps do this”: Comparing Privacy Concerns Towards Privacy Tools and Non-Privacy Tools for Social Media Content
Authors: Bracamonte Vanessa , Pape Sebastian , Loebner Sascha
Published: July 2022

Users report that they have regretted accidentally sharing personal information on social media. There have been proposals to help protect the privacy of these users, by providing tools which analyze text or images and detect personal information or privacy disclosure with the objective to alert the user of a privacy risk and transform the content. However, these proposals rely on having access to users’ data and users have reported that they have privacy concerns about the tools themselves. In this study, we investigate whether these privacy concerns are unique to privacy tools or whether they are comparable to privacy concerns about non-privacy tools that also process personal information. We conduct a user experiment to compare the level of privacy concern towards privacy tools and nonprivacy tools for text and image content, qualitatively analyze the reason for those privacy concerns, and evaluate which assurances are perceived to reduce that concern. The results show privacy tools are at a disadvantage: participants have a higher level of privacy concern about being surveilled by the privacy tools, and the same level concern about intrusion and secondary use of their personal information compared to non-privacy tools. In addition, the reasons for these concerns and assurances that are perceived to reduce privacy concern are also similar. We discuss what these results mean for the development of privacy tools that process user content.
Privacy accounting εconomics: Improving differential privacy composition via a posteriori bounds
Authors: Hartmann Valentin , Bindschaedler Vincent , Bentkamp Alexander , West Robert
Published: July 2022

Differential privacy (DP) is a widely used notion for reasoning about privacy when publishing aggregate data. In this paper, we observe that certain DP mechanisms are amenable to a posteriori privacy analysis that exploits the fact that some outputs leak less information about the input database than others. To exploit this phenomenon, we introduce output differential privacy (ODP) and a new composition experiment, and leverage these new constructs to obtain significant privacy budget savings and improved privacy–utility tradeoffs under composition. All of this comes at no cost in terms of privacy; we do not weaken the privacy guarantee. To demonstrate the applicability of our a posteriori privacy analysis techniques, we analyze two well-known mechanisms: the Sparse Vector Technique and the Propose-Test-Release framework. We then show how our techniques can be used to save privacy budget in more general contexts: when a differentially private iterative mechanism terminates before its maximal number of iterations is reached, and when the output of a DP mechanism provides unsatisfactory utility. Examples of the former include iterative optimization algorithms, whereas examples of the latter include training a machine learning model with a large generalization error. Our techniques can be applied beyond the current paper to refine the analysis of existing DP mechanisms or guide the design of future mechanisms.