bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hyperhomocysteinemia, C-677T polymorphism of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene, and chronic arterial hypertension in pregnant women
Authors: Chulkov V. S. , Vereina N. K. , Sinitsyn S. P.
Published: October 2019

Aim. To investigate the prevalence of C-677T polymorphism of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene and hyperhomocysteinemia (HHC) in pregnant women with chronic arterial hypertension (CAH). Material and methods. This prospective cohort study included two groups: Group I – pregnant women with CAH (n=80), and Group II – pregnant women without AH (n=40). In all participants, homocysteine (HC) levels were assessed using immunoenzymatic method, at 9-12 weeks, 22-24 weeks, and 30-32 weeks. Genotyping of the C-677T polymorphism of MTHFR gene was performed using polymerase chain reaction. Results. In pregnant women with CAH, HC levels were higher than in women without AH, throughout the pregnancy. Group I also demonstrated higher prevalence of T allele and T/C genotype. In pregnant women with HHC, relative risk (RR) of pre-eclampsia was 3,5 (95% CI 2,0-5,6), of chronic placental insufficiency - 1,2 (95% CI 0,9-1,6), and of intrauterine growth restriction syndrome - 6,4 (95% CI 3,1-13,3). Conclusion. HCC, as well as its combination with C-677T polymorphism of MTHRF gene, could be regarded as a biomarker of complicated pregnancy in women with CAH.
Treatment optimisation in patients with functional Class II chronic heart failure and arterial hypertension
Authors: Kanorskyi S. G. , Tregubov V. G. , Pokrovskyi V. M. , Bulozhenko N. A.
Published: October 2019

Aim.To identify the optimal treatment tactics in patients with Functional Class (FC) II chronic heart failure (CHF) (NYHA classification) and essential arterial hypertension (EAH), via investigating the effects of different medication classes on regulatory and adaptive status (RAS). Material and methods.The study included 100 patients with FC II CHF and Stage II EAH, who were randomised into 2 groups. Group I included 53 patients (mean age 52,9±2,3 years) receiving metoprolol succinate (mean dose 97,3±9,5 mg/d). Group II included 47 patients (mean age 57,5±1,3 years) administered quinapril (mean dose 24,7±6,3 mg/d). At baseline and after 6 months of therapy, the following procedures were performed: treadmill test with VO2max assessment; echocardiography; 24-hour blood pressure monitoring; N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) level measurement; and cardio-respiratory synchronism test. Results.While both medications improved left ventricular (LV) diastolic function, only quinapril demonstrated beneficial effects on LV structure, geometry, and systolic function. Only in Group II, exercise capacity and VO2max increased, RAS improved, and NT-proBNP levels decreased to a greater extent. Conclusion.Quinapril was more effective than metoprolol succinate in the treatment of patients with FC II CHF and Stage II EAH.
Different tactics of single-stent endovascular treatment among coronary heart disease patients with coronary artery bifurcation lesions
Authors: Shugushev Z. Kh. , Tarichko Yu. V. , Vasyuk Yu. A.
Published: October 2019

Aim. To analyze the results of different tactics of single-stent endovascular treatment among patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) and coronary artery bifurcation lesions (CABL). Material and methods. The study included 135 CHD patients with CABL. All participants were divided into 2 groups: Group I (n=77; 58,3 %) consisted of patients who underwent coronary artery (CA) main branch (MB) stenting and subsequent kissing balloon angioplasty of a CA side branch (SB). Group II (n=55) included patients with “genuine” CABL, who underwent only MB stenting with SB protection, but without SB balloon angioplasty. Results. In all 132 CABL patients, drug-eluting stents were successfully implanted, with technical effectiveness of 100 % and in-hospital survival of 100 %. Clinical outcomes were similar in both groups, with no major cardiovascular events registered. At the same time, such an important angiographic index as SB diameter was significantly higher in Group I, compared to Group II. At later stages, Group II patients required SB angioplasty and demonstrated habitual angina symptoms, ischemic electrocardiographic (ECG) changes, and slow SB blood flow (TIMI grade <III) after CA MB stenting. Conclusion. MB stenting of CA bifurcation without SB kissing balloon angioplasty cannot be recommended to all CABL patients. Development of habitual angina symptoms, ischemic ECG changes, and slow SB blood flow (TIMI grade <III) often requires subsequent SB kissing balloon angioplasty.
Mildronate effectiveness in post-hospital rehabilitation of patients with myocardial infarction
Authors: Mikhin V. P. , Koltsova O. N.
Published: October 2019

Aim. To study the effects of mildronate, as a component of complex therapy, on left ventricular (LV) systolic and diastolic function and exercise capacity (EC) in myocardial infarction (MI) patients undergoing post-hospital rehabilitation. Material and methods. This open, randomized study included 2 groups (50 men in each group; mean age 53,8±2,7 years): the control group (CG) and the main group (MG), which suffered MI in 4 weeks prior to the study inclusion (70% with Q-wave MI and 30% with transmural MI), and had stable post-infarction angina, Functional Class (FC) II, and ejection fraction (EF) >35%. In both groups, pharmaceutical therapy included metoprolol (75-150 mg/d), isosorbide mononitrate (40 mg/d), aspirin (100 mg/d), clopidogrel (75 mg/d), atorvastatin (20-40 mg/d), and enalapril (2,5-5 mg/d). The MG patients additionally received mildronate (1,5 g/d) for 3 months. The follow-up period was 1 year. EC was assessed using veloergometry (VEM) and 6-minute walk test (6MWT). LV systolic and diastolic function was assessed with the use of Doppler echocardiography. The following parameters were calculated: EF, DTE, LV isovolumetric relaxation time (IVRT), and enddiastolic pressure (EDP). Two types of diastolic dysfunction (DD) were defined: Type I (E/A <1; DTE >0,220 ms) and Type II (E/A >1,5; DTE <0,150 ms). Results. Mildronate therapy facilitated EC recovery, improved VEM threshold capacity, and increased 6MWT velocity and distance. In addition, mildronate improved LV systolic and diastolic function in both types of DD, by increasing EF and reducing EDP. In type I DD, E/A and IVRT increased, while DTE decreased. In Type II DD, the changes were also positive, but different: E/A decreased, while IVRT increased. Conclusion. Adding mildronate to the complex therapy of MI patients at the post-hospital rehabilitation stage facilitates EC improvement and benefits LV systolic and diastolic function.
Comparative assessment of cardiometabolic risk factor role in high-stress occupations
Authors: Osipova I. V. , Simonova G. I. , Kalinina I. V. , Antropova O. N. , Osipov A. G. , Komissarova I. N. , Salzman A. G.
Published: October 2019

Aim. To investigate the components of metabolic syndrome (MS) and to evaluate the role of cardiometabolic risk factors (RFs) in high-stress vs. low-stress occupations, in order to enable early diagnostics of the most important factors. Material and methods. In total, 299 men were examined (mean age 43,25±7,75 years). Group I worked as train drivers (n=185), while Group II included railway track workers (n=114). All participants underwent clinical examination, measurement of body mass index, waist circumference (WC), office blood pressure (BP), blood glucose, and lipid profile. MS was diagnosed according to the criteria by IDF (2005), ATP III (2005), and the Society of Cardiology of the Russian Federation (2009). Results. Group I, compared to Group II, demonstrated higher prevalence (p<0,05) of smoking (+22%); abdominal obesity (AO), as denoted by WC ≥94 cm (+28%) or WC 94-102 cm (+16%); elevated systolic BP, SBP (+36%); total cholesterol, TCH (+12%) and very low density lipoprotein cholesterol, VLDL-CH (+16%). The most prevalent combination of MS components among individuals in a high-stress occupation was AH and AO. In Group I, MS prevalence ranged from 30% to 49% (p<0,05) and was 2,5-2,7 times higher than in Group II (p<0,001). Conclusion. Individuals in high-stress occupations demonstrated high prevalence of cardiometabolic RFs and MS. Based on strict MS criteria, early preventive measures among people in high-stress occupations should target individuals with WC 94-102 cm combined with other cardiovascular RFs.
Carbohydrate metabolism parameters in angina patients treated with metoprolol and its combination with trimetazidine
Authors: Bochkareva E. V. , Aleksandrovich O. V. , Bardybakhin P. Yu. , Butina E. K. , Kucheryavaya N. G. , Ozerova I. N. , Metelskaya V. A.
Published: October 2019

Aim. To study the effects of a β-adrenoblocker (β-AB) metoprolol (Mp) and its combination with trimetazidine (Tmd) on glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in patients with angina pectoris. Material and methods. In total, 28 men aged 46-68 years, with Functional Class (FC) II-III stable angina, positive exercise stress test (EST), and no prior β-AB therapy were examined. Individual Mp doses were selected based on the paired EST results. For one month, the Mp dose of 50 or 100 mg/d was administered twice a day; for the next month, participants received Mp and Tmd (70 mg/d). A standard glucose tolerance test (GTT) was performed at baseline and at the end of one-month periods of Mp or Mp + Tmd treatment. Carbohydrate metabolism disturbances were diagnosed according to the WHO criteria (1999). Insulin resistance (IR) was assessed by HOMA2-IR parameter, and tissue insulin sensitivity by ISI0,120 parameter. Results. After one month of Mp treatment, a decrease in fasting glucose levels was observed (p=0,025). At the same time, the GTT results demonstrated increased glucose levels 2 hours after glucose load, compared to baseline (p=0,049). Tissue insulin sensitivity (ISI0,120) showed some reduction (p=0,14), while the number of patients with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) increased from 4 to 8 (p=0,006). The levels of fasting and post-load glycemia after one month of the combination therapy with Mp and Tmd were similar to those after the Mp treatment. Insulin levels at 2 hours after glucose load were higher than those observed after the Mp therapy (p=0,045). Compared to baseline, HOMA2-IR values increased, and IDI0,120 values decreased (p=0,036). The IDI0,120 dynamics suggested a reduction in insulin sensitivity for both treatment regimens. IGT was registered in 10 patients. Conclusion. In angina patients, impaired glucose control was observed as early as 1 month after the start of Mp treatment. This early impairment could be diagnosed by GTT. Although the combination therapy with Mp and Tmd did not prevent this impairment, but provided a greater antiischemic effect and, therefore, was clinically appropriate
Modern combined hormonal therapy in early postmenopause women
Authors: Mychka V. B. , Kirillova M. Yu. , Kuznetsova I. V. , Voychenko N. A. , Fedorovich A. A. , Balakhonova T. V. , Prokhorova Yu. V. , Vyshivanyuk V. A.
Published: October 2019

Aim.To study the effects of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) with a combination of estradiol and drospirenone on cardiometabolic risk levels and subclinical vascular pathology among women in early postmenopause.Material and methods.In total, 84 women in early postmenopause, who had given informed consent and underwent a standard examination, were divided into two groups: Group I (with gynaecologist-confirmed indications for HRT with Angeliq (1 mg 17 β-estradiol and 2 mg drospirenone)) and Group II (no HRT). All participants underwent the assessment of metabolic parameters, visceral obesity, intima-media thickness (IMT) of common carotid arteries (CCA), arterial stiffness, and microcirculation (MC) status at baseline and 12 months later.Results.HRT demonstrated beneficial effects on autonomic regulation, lipid metabolism, CCA IMT, and arterial stiffness. It was also associated with a reduction in visceral obesity, some antihypertensive effect, and an increase in the MC dilatation reserve in postmenopausal women.Conclusion.Low-dose combined hormone therapy with drospirenone and estradiol could be recommended to a specific clinical group of women in early postmenopause.
Persistent dyslipidemia in statin-treated patients: Russian real-world clinical practice data (Russian part of the DYSIS Study)
Authors: Oganov R. G. , Kukharchuk V. V. , Arutyunov G. P. , Galyavich A. S. , Gurevich V. S. , Duplyakov D. V. , Karpov Yu. A. , Kobalava Zh. D. , Konstantinov V. O. , Martsevich S. Yu. , Panov A. V. , Sergienko I. V. , Skibitskyi V. V. , Smolenskaya O. G. , Susekov A. V. , Tyurin V. P. , Shalaev S. V. , Maneshina O. A. , Brigida O. V.
Published: October 2019

The high prevalence of persistent dyslipidemia in primary and specialized care patients treated with statins justifies the need to identify its reasons and develop the recommendations on the treatment optimization. At present, Russian studies focusing on the achievement of target lipid levels remain scarce, which emphasizes the importance of the problem and its further investigation.Aim.Cross-sectional epidemiological study which assessed the prevalence of persistent dyslipidemia in statin-treated patients and analysed the predictors of the achievement of target lipid levels.Material and methods.The lipid profile parameters were analysed in 1586 statin-treated out-patients with varied levels of cardiovascular risk, taking into account the type of lipid-lowering therapy and its doses. The assessment of the cardiovascular event (CVE) risk and the definition of target levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL–CH), as well as normal levels of triglycerides (TG) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL–CH), was based on the clinical recommendations by the European Society of Cardiology (ESC 2007) and by the European Society of Cardiology and the European Atherosclerosis Society (ESC/EAS 2011).Results.The analysis based on the ESC 2007 recommendations has demonstrated that the target levels of LDL–CH (<2,5 mmol/l for high-risk patients) were not achieved in 53,5% of the participants. The elevation of LDL–CH levels could be isolated or combined with the HDL–CH decrease and/or the TG increase. Low levels of HDL–CH were observed in 32,3% of the patients, while high TG levels were registered in 55,6% of the participants. The achievement of target LDL–CH levels was predicted by the higher-dose statin therapy (odds ratio 0,44). The analysis based on the ESC/EAS 2011 recommendations has shown that the prevalence of target LDL–CH levels was 12,2% in very high-risk patients (<1,8 mmol/l), 30,3% in high-risk patients (<2,5 mmol/l), and 53,4% in moderate-risk patients (<3,0 mol/l).Conclusion.Over a half of the statin-treated patients failed to achieve target levels of LDL–CH. The lowest prevalence of target LDL–CH levels was observed in very high-risk and high-risk patients. The predictors of target LDL–CH level achievement included moderate cardiovascular risk and higher-dose statin therapy. The obtained results suggest that the correction of persistent dyslipidemia in statin-treated patients could be achieved via increasing the satin dose and combining lipid-lowering medications.
Modern opportunities for optimising the treatment of patients with coronary heart disease and arterial hypertension: role of zofenopril
Authors: Evdokimova A. G. , Evdokimov V. V. , Leonenko N. V. , Smetanin A. V.
Published: October 2019

The wide prevalence (82%) of coronary heart disease (CHD) in combination with arterial hypertension (AH), as well as its initiating role in the development of fatal complications, such as myocardial infarction (MI) or heart failure, emphasise the need for the choice of optimal ACE inhibitors with organ-protective characteristics. This paper presents a literature review on the effectiveness of a SH-containing ACE inhibitor zofenopril in patients with CHD and AH, in terms of its anti-anginal and antihypertensive activity. The authors summarise the results of the international SMILE studies which included patients after acute MI. It was demonstrated that zofenopril therapy is associated with reduced combined incidence of cardiovascular death or cardiovascular hospitalisation, and is also safe in the acute post-MI period. In patients with preserved left ventricular function, zofenopril reduced the incidence of angina attacks and arrhythmias of coronary genesis, as well as improved exercise capacity. A clinical case of zofenopril therapy, as a part of a complex treatment regimen, is also presented.
Vascular ageing: main symptoms and mechanisms
Authors: Strazhesko I. D. , Akasheva D. U. , Dudinskaya E. N. , Tkacheva O. N.
Published: October 2019

The authors discuss major structural and functional vascular changes accompanying ageing, the mechanisms of their development, and potential methods of their correction.
Biomarker levels, left ventricular dysfunction, and severity of coronary pathology in elderly patients with coronary heart disease
Authors: Mirzakhanova L. R. , Kuliev F. A. , Shorikov E. I.
Published: October 2019

Aim. To assess the levels of selected biomarkers and the type of left ventricular (LV) dysfunction in geriatric patients, in regard to their age, gender, and the severity of coronary artery pathology. Material and methods. In total, 135 geriatric patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) were examined. The diagnostic algorithm was based on the results of coagulogram, blood biochemistry, measurement of C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, treadmill test, echocardiography (EchoCG), coronary angiography (CA), and LV ventriculography (LVG). Results. Decreased hematocrit levels (p<0,05), increased levels of urea (p<0,05) and creatinine (p<0,05), reduced LV ejection fraction (p<0,05), increased end-diastolic volume (p<0,05), as well as restrictive type of LV dysfunction, were among age-dependent determinants of angina progression in elderly patients. The major determinant of ischemia severity was multi-vessel coronary pathology, manifested in higher angina classes, reduced exercise capacity (p<0,05), and impaired local LV contractility (p<0,05). Conclusion. To objectively assess the severity of clinical course of CHD in elderly patients, the following data should be taken into account: hematocrit and CRP levels, increased levels of creatinine and urea, and the results of EchoCG, CA, and LVG.
Antioxidant effects of simvastatin in patients with coronary heart disease and dyslipidemia
Authors: Artamoshina N. E. , Bondar K. Yu. , Belaya O. L. , Bayder L. M. , Kuropteva Z. V.
Published: October 2019

Aim.To investigate the effects of simvastatin therapy on antioxidant enzyme activity and the correction of disturbed antioxidant status in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) – post-infarction cardiosclerosis (PICS) – in combination with dyslipidemia (DLP).Material and methods.The study included 132 CHD patients with PICS and 20 healthy controls. All participants underwent the measurement of plasma levels of lipids, lipid peroxidation (LP) products – diene conjugates (DC) and 2-thiobarbituric acid reagents (TBAR), antioxidant enzymes – glutathione peroxidase (GP) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in red blood cells, plasma activity of the antioxidant ceruloplasmin/transferrin system (AOS CP/TF) (electron paramagnetic resonance method), and 24-hour Holter monitoring of electrocardiogram (ECG).Results.The three-month simvastatin therapy (20 mg/day), as a component of the complex cardiac treatment, demonstrated its antioxidant effects and antiperoxidation activity in 60% of CHD patients. The subsequent therapy with 2-ethyl-6-methyl-3-hydroxypyridine sulphate (ES; 375 mg/day) and ubidecarenone (30 mg/ day) normalised the parameters of LP-antioxidant defence (AOD) and the levels of hepatic transaminases. Plasma AOS CP/TF activity inversely correlated with the duration of myocardial ischemia in CHD patients (r=-0,34; p=0,004).Conclusion.To optimise the treatment of atherogenic DLP in simvastatin-treated CHD patients, ubidecarenone and ES could be used to improve the LP-AOD parameters.
Statins and diabetes mellitus: risks and benefits
Authors: Drapkina O. M. , Korneeva O. N. , Sheptulina A. F.
Published: October 2019

Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) are at a high risk of cardiovascular events (CVE). Currently, the predominant clinical strategy of the CVE prevention in DM patients is aggressive lowering of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and blood pressure levels. In this clinical group, statins are among the most widely used pharmacological agents. Recent clinical evidence suggests that statin therapy could be associated with an increased risk of DM. Both clinicians and researchers need to reevaluate the issue of statin safety in the patients at a higher CVE risk. This review focuses on the problem of DM development in statin-treated patients.
Reports of the AAAI 2019 Spring Symposium Series
Authors: Baldini Ioana , Barrett Clark , Chella Antonio , Cinelli Carlos , Gamez David , Gilpin Leilani H. , Hinkelmann Knut , Holmes Dylan , Kido Takashi , Kocaoglu Murat , Lawless William F. , Lomuscio Alessio , Macbeth Jamie C. , Martin Andreas , Mittu Ranjeev , Patterson Evan , Sofge Donald , Tadepalli Prasad , Takadama Keiki , Wilson Shomir
Published: October 2019

The AAAI 2019 Spring Symposium Series was held Monday through Wednesday, March 25–27, 2019, on the campus of Stanford University, adjacent to Palo Alto, California. The titles of the nine symposia were Artificial Intelligence, Autonomous Machines, and Human Awareness: User Interventions, Intuition and Mutually Constructed Context; Beyond Curve Fitting — Causation, Counterfactuals and Imagination‐Based AI; Combining Machine Learning with Knowledge Engineering; Interpretable AI for Well‐Being: Understanding Cognitive Bias and Social Embeddedness; Privacy‐Enhancing Artificial Intelligence and Language Technologies; Story‐Enabled Intelligence; Toward Artificial Intelligence for Collaborative Open Science; Toward Conscious AI Systems; and Verification of Neural Networks.
Effect of mixing polypropylene fibre in reinforcing non-conventional bituminous concrete
Authors: Zachariah Jince P. , Sarkar Partha Pratim , Pal Manish
Published: October 2019

The high demand for natural stone aggregate (NSA) in infrastructure development is having an alarming ecological impact. The study of alternative materials thus holds high research interest in terms of sustainability. The use of crushed kiln brick aggregate in pavements reinforced with polypropylene fibre (PPF) was studied in this work, with a focus on the performance differences between wet-mixed and dry-mixed bituminous concrete. Two different brick aggregates were studied along with seven different PPF contents and comparisons were made with control mixes made using NSA. The wet-mixed specimens showed comparable performance with the NSA mixes whereas the dry-mixed specimens showed performance equal to that of the control specimen. When compared with the wet-mixed non-conventional aggregate samples, the dry-mixed samples showed an increase of 6% in the resilient modulus for crushed overburnt brick aggregate mixes and an increase of 8·3% for the crushed first-class brick aggregate mixes. Fatigue and rutting tests also provided satisfactory results. The wet-mixed samples showed better performance than the dry-mixed samples in resisting permanent deformation. However, in the case of fatigue damage, the mixing method seems to have less influence as both mix types performed similarly against fatigue failure.
Endoprosthesis of metacarpophalangeal joints of the hand
Authors: Prokhorenko V. M , Simonova E. N , Aleksandrov T. I
Published: October 2019

The literature review presents information about the main types of prostheses for metacarpophalangeal joints that were elaborated from 1950 to 2017. Metacarpophalangeal joints arthroplasty shows good functional results enabling to eliminate the pain syndrome, improve social adaptation of a patient and cosmetic view of the hands. Special attention is paid to the modification of constructions in 3 generations of the implants. The changes in hinged joints, stem shape and methods of fixation are stipulated. Based on the analysis of complications for the implants of each generation the cause-effect relationships between the constructions, side-effects and the elaborated modifications are determined. The question on the choice of the material is discussed separately. In spite of the difficulties in retaining silicone implants in the bone marrow canals and the risk of ruptures, silicone is the only material that survived all the generation of implants with practically no changes. It can be considered as a starting point for further studies.
Postarthroscopic osteonecrosis of femoral and tibial condyles
Authors: Torgashin A. N , Rodionova S. S
Published: October 2019

Osteonecrosis of femoral and tibial condyles is a serious disease resulting in severe forms of arthrosis/arthritis and requiring arthroplasty. Postarthroscopic osteonecrosis is rather rare complication after arthroscopic intervention on the knee joint usually due to meniscus rupture. The surgeons and patients are often not prepared for this complication development. The review covers the common cases of femoral and tibial condyles osteonecrosis after arthroscopic intervention. Potential risk factors are identified; the peculiarities of diagnosis and treatment tactics are described.
Patella instabi instability in children: surgical treatment results
Authors: Pozdeev A. P , Zakharyan E. A , Vilensky V. A
Published: October 2019

Introduction. The main task of the surgical treatment of patients with latent form of the congenital pseudarthrosis of tibia (LFCPT) is the prevention of pathologic fracture and development of true pseudarthrosis. Purpose of the study: to evaluate the efficacy of preventive bone plasty in patients with LFCPT. Patients and methods. Treatment results for the period from 1980 to 2017 were studied in 38 children and adolescents (25 boys and 13 girls) aged from 9 months to 16 years, with the LFCPT. Transplantation of demineralized bone allografts onto the concave surface of bone was performed to all patients. Results. Follow up of surgical treatment results made up 1-16 years. In 6 months after operation bone graft projection showed active formation of bone tissue, in 12 months - the formation of compact bone tissue. Within the 4-years follow up pathological fractures were noted only in6 (15.8%) patients. Conclusion. Early indicated surgical intervention in children with LFCPT enables to prevent the pathological fracture in 84.2% of cases and preserve weight bearing ability.
Instrumen Penilaian untuk Pembelajaran Ekologi Berorientasi Literasi Saintifik
Authors: Setiawan Adib Rifqi
Published: October 2019

The aims of this cross-sectional survey research was to find the validity and reliability of assessment instruments for ecological learning scientific literacy oriented’s. Determination of the sample used purposive sampling of 4 experts and 122 high school level students. To reveal validity is assessed based on obtain judgment expert and reliability measured by internal consistency. It was gained that the validity is 7 items very feasible and 3 item quite feasible with reliability’s value is 0.763. It showed that all items can be used to analyzing the difficulties of students for designing ecological learning scientific literacy oriented’s lesson plans.
Pengaruh Discovery Learning terhadap Kesadaran Metakognisi dan Hasil Belajar Peserta Didik
Authors: Pangestuti Dini Aji , Marpaung Rini Rita T. , Hasnunidah Neni
Published: October 2019

This study was conducted to find out the effect of discovery learning on student’s metacognitive awareness and cognitive learning achievement. The population of this research was all of the 11th grade MS (Mathematics and Science Program) students of Sumberejo 1 Senior High School. The research sample were students of 11th MS-1 and MS-3 class taken by cluster random sampling technique. This study was quasi-experimental with Pretest Post-test Non-Equivalent Control Group Design. In this study, student’s metacognitive awareness was measured by using MAI (Metacognitive Awareness Inventory) and SEMLI-S (Self-Efficacy and Metacognition Learning Inventory—Science). Meanwhile, student’s cognitive learning achievement was measured by using cognitive test. The data were analyzed statistically by independent sample t-test respectively at 5% significance level. The results showed that the discovery learning model significantly influenced student’s metacognitive awareness and cognitive learning achievement with significant value of each were 0,000. Through this research, we found that the discovery learning model significantly influenced student’s metacognitive awareness and cognitive learning achievement rather than discussion method.
Systemic cohesion in social media conversations: Cases on Facebook and Twitter
Authors: Muttaqien Muhammad Zainal
Published: October 2019

As a new way of communication, social media conversations on the Internet do have some characteristics that are different from common face-to-face conversations. One of the differences lies in the existence of systemic cohesion in addition to the established conventional cohesion. Systemic cohesion is a form of structural and textual unity which is generated by the system of a social media platform and is not available in offline discourse. This article is aimed at describing the phenomena of systemic cohesion of social media conversations, particularly on Facebook and Twitter, by analyzing them based on the classification of cohesive devices made by Halliday and Hasan (1976, 1985). In general, systemic cohesion can be distinguished into structural and textual cohesion. The former is represented by the functions of conversation components, indentation, and vertical line whereas the latter is implemented in the form of mention and hashtag. Facebook and Twitter share both similarities and differences in either case.
Kronik Hepatit C Enfeksiyonlu Hastalarda İzole anti-HBc IgG Seropozitifliğinin Araştırılması
Authors: TAHMAZ Alper , ALKAN ÇEVİKER Sevil , GÜNAL Özgür , KILIÇ Süleyman Sırrı
Published: October 2019

Giriş:  Kronik
Hepatit C (HCV) enfeksiyonu, siroz ve hepatosellüler karsinom
(HCC) etyolojisinde rol ayan etkenlerden olup, son yıllarda tedavide direkt
etkili antiviral (DEA) ilaç kombinasyonları sayesinde oldukça iyi tedavi
başarıları mevcut olup, son yayınlar kalıcı viral yanıt oranlarının  %97-99 seviyelerinde olduğunu bildirmektedir.
Kronik HCV enfeksiyonunda tedavinin amacı; HCV eradikasyonu, siroz, HCC ve
ekstrahepatik komplikasyon (esansiyel mikskriyoglobulinemi, HCV-immun kompleks
ilişkili nefropati, B hücreli Non Hodgkin Lenfoma)  gelişimininin engellenmesi, mortalite ve morbiditenin
azaltımasıdır. Tedavi öncesi tüm hastaların; Hepatit
B virüs (HBV), Hepatit Avirüs (HAV)
ve (Human Immmunodeficiency Virus) HIV
açısından tetkik edilmesi önerilmektedir. HCV tanısı ile DEA ilaç tedavisi alan
ve izole hepatit B kor antikoru (anti-HBc IgG)  pozitif olan hastalarda şiddetli hepatit B
reaktivasyonu olabileceği unutulmamalıdır.Gereç
ve Yöntem: Bu
çalışmada; Ocak 2016 ile Aralık 2018 tarihleri arasında polikliniğimize
başvuran kronik HCV tanılı hastalardaki, HBV koenfeksiyonu ve izole hepatit B
kor antikoru  seropozitifliği
araştırıldı. Bulgular: Çalışma grubunu
oluşturan toplam 313 hastanın, 135’i (% 43.1) kadın, 178’i (%56.9) erkekti, yaş
ortalaması 48.2±11.5 idi. 19 (%6) hastada eşlik eden HBsAg
pozitifliği, 8 (%2.5) hastada HBV-DNA
pozitifliği ve 39 (%12.5)
hastada izole Anti-HBc IgG seropozitifliği saptandı. Kronik HCV 
tanılı hastalarda izole Anti-HBc
IgG seropozitifliği;
20-29 yaş aralığında %5.3, 30-39 yaş aralığında %8.7, 40-49 yaş aralığında
%9.7, 50-59 yaş aralığında %15.6, >60 yaş %29  ve tüm yaş gruplarında %12.5  olarak tespit edildi.

Sonuç: Çalışmamızda saptanan izole Anti-HBc IgG seropozitiflik
oranı ülkemizde yapılan çalışmalara benzer bulunmuştur. Kronik HCV tanılı
hastaların HBV serolojisi açısından taranması,
seronegatif kişilerin HBV koenfeksiyonu gelişmesini engellemek amaçlı
aşılanması gerekmektedir.
Educational practices in Science-Technology-Society and the Social Participation in the Scientific-Technological Development
Authors: Marsango Daniel , Hansen Taís Regina , Polanczky Carla , Santos Rosemar Ayres dos
Published: October 2019

The STS movement, which emerged in embryonic in the middle of last century and made over the decades, remains relevant to the society we live in. Thus, it is recurrent the need for a participation of this society in the direction given to the scientific and technological activity, demanding more democratic decisions. In this sense the research is based on the questionings: what is the characterization of educational practices carried out in STS field in Basic Education and in teacher training?; And, as has been the participation of society in scientific and technological development? As objectives, we seek: (i) identify which subjects have participated in decision-making on scientific and technological development, and how; (ii) analyze data referrals in respect of educational practices STS; (iii) to investigate whether the STS assumptions are advancing the Academy to implement educational practices; (iv) to point out horizons for Science Education in the perspective of curricular settings guided by the constitution of a culture of participation. It is a bibliographical research whose methodology was the Discursive Textual Analysis, composed of unitarization, categorization and communication. The corpus of analysis emerged four categories: 1) Limitations practices STS implemented; 2) Methodological aspects of practicas STS; 3) Social participation in the development of ST in classrooms; 4) Justifications for insertion of STS practices.
Ethics of Working with Incarcerated Populations: A View From the IRB
Authors: Traustadóttir Tinna , Hanabury Mary , Peoples Marie
Published: October 2019

This article will present our perspective, as Institutional Review Board (IRB) members, on the experiences and issues that emerge when conducting research with incarcerated populations. The goal is to provide information to other IRBs and researchers to ease the review process of research protocols involving prisoners and to mitigate potential problems before they arise. We focus in this article on one project we reviewed that involved prisoners. Vulnerable populations such as prisoners require special conditions and protections for recruitment, consent, compensation, data collection, data protection, and analysis. Special considerations also include compliance with detention center policies and procedures, especially when the research project includes analyzing data containing Private Identifiable information (PII), Protected Health Information (PHI), and biological data collection. The four main issues we will address are in regard to (1) the informed consent process, (2) the balance between privacy and confidentiality of the subjects and researchers' safety within the facility, (3) payment to subjects, and (4) the ability of subjects to communicate with researchers and with the IRB. We will conclude with some recommendations for “best practice.”
Measuring Health in Jails: Limitations and Opportunities in Measurement of Health-Related Constructs
Authors: Arazan Christine L. , Barrios Brianna A. , Brown Meredith S. , Dmitrieva Natalia O.
Published: October 2019

Limited research exists concerning measurement issues of health-related constructs among those incarcerated in American jails. This gap in the literature impedes research on health outcomes and health care access among jailed populations and may render the public health concerns of jailed populations hidden from societal view. The current article examines a research team's experience in conducting a related study (see Trotter et al. 2018) by highlighting the methodological limitations and opportunities faced during the study and provides suggestions for future research. The manuscript provides future researchers with a foundation for implementing health-focused studies within a jail, with special attention paid to the obstacles the research team overcame.
Features of intergenerational differences in the life position of adolescents
Authors: Sobkin V.S. , Kalashnikova E.A.
Published: October 2019

In the context of the problems of intergenerational differences, the article considers the peculiarities of changes in the emotional assessment of the success of life perspectives, the formation of future plans and priorities in life values of students in primary and high schools. The work is based on a comparison of the results of monitoring questionnaires that were conducted by the staff of the CSE RAO from 1991 to 2017. The sample of respondents in 1991 was 1162 respondents, in 1996 — 1604, in 2002 — 2978, in 2017 — 11 803. When analyzing the materials, gender, age and social stratification differences are taken into account. The data were processed using mathematical statistics methods (criteria for significant differences, factor analysis). Results show that schoolchildren’s emotional assessment of the success of life prospects, the formation of future plans and value preferences largely depend on economic and political transformations in society. Using the factor analysis, five generalized oppositions have been identified, which allow an intergenerational comparison of the characteristics of students’ life positions with regard to gender, age and social stratification factors.
Granüle Yüksek Fırın Cürufu ve Taban Külü İnce Agregaları ile Üretilmiş Betonun Gerilme Şekil Değiştirme Davranışının İncelenmesi
Authors: KARALAR Memduh , KONAK Selin
Published: October 2019

Kömürle çalışan termik santrallerde,
yanma sırasında, yanma kazanının altında mikron (μm) boyutundaki taban külü
adında atık/yan ürün meydana gelmektedir. Taban külleri de genellikle silisli
ve alüminli olan bileşimi dolayısıyla puzolanik özellik göstererek harç ve
betonda katkı malzemesi olarak kullanılmaktadırlar. Tüm bu atıklar/yan ürünler,
doğaya bırakıldıkları takdirde çevreye zarar veren ve depolanmaları ve/veya
bertaraf edilmeleri ise ekonomik açıdan kayıplara sebep olan malzemelerdir. Bu
tür atıkların başka bir sektörde, farklı bir ürün üretiminde
değerlendirilmeleri hem çevresel hem de ekonomik açıdan büyük avantajlar
kazandıracaktır. Bu çalışmada, granüle yüksek fırın cürufu ve taban külünün,
klasik beton üretiminde ince agrega olarak kullanılan kumun yerine belirli
oranlarda ikame edilerek, bu atıkların betonun mekanik özellikleri üzerinde ki
etkilerinin araştırılması amaçlanmaktadır. Özellikle, betonun gerilme-şekil
değiştirme davranışı, Elastisite Modülü, tokluğu ve son olarak basınç
mukavemeti değişimi üzerinde durulmuştur. Çalışmada dört aşamalı deneysel bir
program izlenmiştir. İlk aşamada, kullanılacak tüm malzemelerin karakterizasyonunu
içeren bir dizi deney yapılmıştır. İkinci aşamada, doğal ince agrega
kullanılarak hazırlanacak referans betonun, karışım tasarımı
gerçekleştirilmiştir. Üçüncü aşamada ise, taban külü ve yüksek fırın cürufu,
ayrı ayrı,  %25, %50, %75 ve %100
oranlarında ince agrega yerine kullanılarak, beton numuneleri hazırlanmıştır.
Dördüncü ve son aşamada ise, hazırlanan numunelerin 7 ve 28 günlük standart su
kürü uygulamasından sonra, mekanik özellikleri tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak,
granüle yüksek fırın cürufu ve taban külü gibi endüstriyel atık/yan ürünlerin,
beton tasarımı içinde ince agrega olarak kullanımının, betonun mekanik
özellikleri üzerindeki etkileri araştırılmıştır.
Возвращаясь к Хельсинской декларации: этическая регламентация сбора генетических данных
Authors: Шевченко Сергей Юрьевич
Published: October 2019

В статье рассматриваются проблемы биоэтической регламентации сбора, хранения, обработки и разглашения генетических данных. В качестве примера использована практика генетического тестирования, не требующая участия врача-генетика (direct-to-consumer genetic testing), поскольку она связана с наибольшими этико-правовыми рисками. Многие обозначенные в литературе риски этой практики могут быть релевантны и для других процедур сбора генетических данных. Необходимость их минимизации актуализирует различение между терапевтическими и нетерапевтическими биомедицинскими исследованиями. Это различение служило одной из концептуальных основ ранних версий (подготовленных до 2000 года) Хельсинской декларации Всемирной медицинской ассоциации.

Показано, что это различение было изъято из текста декларации, потому что уже существовали образцы более тонкого регулирования биомедицинских исследований, принятые на национальном уровне. В их основу было положено то же самое различение, применявшееся к отдельным процедурам и манипуляциям. В этой связи это различение может стать ориентиром как внутренней регуляции биомедицинских практик, утверждаемых локальным этическим комитетом, так и ориентиром для правовой регламентации сбора, хранения, обработки и разглашения генетических данных.

В качестве образца внешнего биоэтического регулирования этих практик приводится трехступенчатая система этического сопровождения биомедицинских исследований, используемая в Евросоюзе. На первом из этапов самая общая форма заявки на поддержку исследования проходит так называемый «генетический скрининг». На втором — полный дизайн исследований подвергается тщательному анализу экспертной панелью, состоящей не менее чем из 5–6 специалистов по биоэтике. На третьем этапе, в ходе реализации утвержденного дизайна исследования оно проходит регулярный этический аудит.
Проблемы трансформации системы высшего образования в Европе
Authors: Деревянченко Александр Алексеевич
Published: October 2019

Рассматриваются некоторые проблемы трансформации (модернизации) высшего образования в Европе. Раскрываются основные вехи истории Болонского процесса, смысл Болонской декларации, а также характеризуются идейные позиции ее «отцов-основателей». Автор опирается на зарубежные, преимущественно германские исследования, показывая особенности внедрения Болонского процесса в ряде европейских стран с акцентом на Германию.
Digital-маркетинг в механизме символического господства современных государств (начало)
Authors: Мухаев Рашид Тазитдинович
Published: October 2019

В статье digital-маркетинг рассматривается как эффективный инструмент согласования разнородных интересов внутри современных государств, так и глобального доминирования в мировой политике. Показаны причины объективного роста во властном балансе современных политий цифровых технологий визуального позиционирования политических лидеров и государств.

В рамках стратегии мягкой силы раскрыты преимущества технологии digital-маркетинга, механизмы их воздействия на современные политические процессы через распространяемые в объекте влияния образы, стереотипы, ценности.
К истории зарождения женского предпринимательства в России
Authors: Федоркова Ирина Рудольфовна
Published: October 2019

В статье охарактеризованы факторы зарождения и развития женского предпринимательства в дореволюционной России. Основными факторами, повлиявшими на становление и развитие женского предпринимательства названы внутрисемейная модель поведения (супружеские и детско-родительские отношения), имущественные права женщины и особенности женского образования.

Внутрисемейная модель поведения в России с древних времен до революции 1917 г. опиралась на христианскую систему ценностей и была основана на уважительном отношении к женщине. Мужчина играл роль управителя семьи, преобразователя на общественно-государственном уровне, принимающего на себя ответственность за других; женщина — активной и деятельной помощницы мужчины, советчицы, хозяйки дома, хранительницы традиций, в чрезвычайных обстоятельствах принимающей на себя мужские права и обязанности.

Женское предпринимательство на Руси проистекало из навыков ведения домашнего хозяйства, участия в семейном промысле, ремесленничестве. Образование, в свою очередь, являлось фактором, способствующим выходу женского предпринимательства на более высокий уровень его развития.
Konya İlinde Özel Bir İşletmede Yetiştirilen Siyah Alaca Sığırların Bazı Süt Verim Özelliklerine Ait Fenotipik Parametre Tahminleri
Authors: ZULKADİR Ugur , JARSHAJI Omer Hashım Qasım
Published: October 2019

Araştırma Konya ili Karapınar ilçesinde bulunan özel bir
işletmede yetiştirilen Siyah Alaca sığırlara ait fenotipik parametrelerin
belirlenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araştırmada süt verimiyle ilgili olarak, sağımda
geçen gün (SGG), 100 günlük süt verimi (YGSV), 200 günlük süt verimi (İYGSV),
305 günlük süt verimi (305GSV), sağım süresi (SS) ve elektrik iletkenliği (Eİ) değerlerine
ait genel ortalamalar sırasıyla; 178.62 ± 23.53 gün, 3142.98 ± 643.75 kg,
5947.07 ± 1439.92 kg, 6324.08 ± 1769.29 kg, 342.048 ± 139.107 sn ve 5.0677 ±
0.5255 mS/cm olarak tespit edilmiştir. Yüz günlük süt verimine etkisi incelenen
faktörlerden buzağılama yılının ve buzağılama mevsiminin etkisi P<0.05
seviyesinde, iki yüz günlük süt verimine etkisi incelenen faktörlerden
buzağılama yılının etkisi P<0.01 seviyesinde, üç yüz beş günlük süt verimine
etkisi incelenen faktörlerden buzağılama yılının etkisi P<0.05 seviyesinde, laktasyonda
geçen gün (LGG) üzerine etkili faktörlerden laktasyon sırası, buzağılama yılı
ve buzağılama mevsiminin etkisi P<0.01 seviyesinde önemli bulunmuştur.
Comparison of short and long co-incubation time of gametes for in vitro fertilization
Authors: Pongsuthirak Pallop
Published: October 2019

Background: The short and long co-incubation time of gametes for in vitro fertilization are still debatable issues. This study aims to investigate the effects of short and long co-incubation time of gametes on fertilization, polyspermy, embryonic developmental potential, and clinical outcomes.Methods: Sixty-five patients undergoing IVF treatment were invited to participate in the study between May 2017 and March 2019. Ovarian hyperstimulation was prescribed and oocytes were obtained by trans-vaginal aspiration under ultrasound guidance. Sibling oocytes were randomly allocated to short co-incubation for 4 hours (Group I) in 352 oocytes and long co-incubation for 16-18 hours in 363 oocytes (Group II). Rescue ICSI was carried out if total fertilization failure was documented. Fertilization, embryonic development, and pregnancy outcomes were determined.Results: No significant differences between short and long co-incubation were found in fertilization, polyspermy, cleavage, blastocyst, implantation, clinical pregnancy, and live birth rates.Conclusions: The present study showed that short co-incubation of gametes had no significant difference in fertilization, polyspermy, embryo development, and pregnancy outcomes when compared to long co-incubation. The short co-incubation with early cumulus cell removal and rescue ICSI may have the potential to help a couple who had total fertilization failure.
Correlates of picky eating behaviour in children and its effect on growth
Authors: Shettiwar Shweta , Wade Minal
Published: October 2019

Background: Picky eating is common in preschool-aged children. Children’s picky eating behaviour has been linked both to being overweight and underweight. Authors objectives was to study the factors associates of picky eating behaviour on growth and nutritional status of children.Methods: A Cross-sectional study done in 200 parents of children between 1-5 year age visiting outpatient department. Picky eating behaviours were assessed using questions from children eating behaviour questionnaire.Results: In the study, the estimated prevalence rate was 25%, maximum 38% at 49 to 60 months. 26% of subjects with picky eating behaviour had height for age <-3SD (severely stunted) 38% of subjects with picky eating behaviour had weight for height <-3SD (severely wasted) as compared to only 4% in non-picky eating behaviour subjects. Low birth weight and exclusive breast feeding for less than 6 month, were found to be significant risk factor for development of picky eating behaviour, while no significant association was seen with the time of introduction of semisolid complimentary feeds.Conclusions: Picky eating is major parental concern and impacts growth of children. The children with picky eating behaviours need to be monitored for growth.