bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
O acolhimento à família na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva: conhecimento de uma equipe multiprofissional
Authors: Martins Josiane De Jesus , Nascimento Eliane Regina Pereira do , Geremias Cláudia Koch , Schneider Dulcineia Ghizoni , Schweitzer Gabriela , Mattioli Neto Hilário
Published: June 2017

Estudo exploratório descritivo, de abordagem qualitativa, que objetivou investigar o conhecimento dos profissionais de saúde de uma Unidade de Terapia Intensiva (UTI) sobre o acolhimento à família. Foi realizado entre os meses de setembro a novembro de 2007 em uma UTI localizada na região Sul do país, com a participação de profissionais de enfermagem, médicos, assistente social e auxiliar administrativo. Os dados foram coletados através de entrevista e, para a análise, adotou-se o referencial metodológico do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo (DSC), sendo identificados como temas centrais: significado da família; cuidado à família; dificuldades para cuidar da família; significado de acolhimento. Evidenciou-se que a percepção dos participantes a respeito da família vai além de laços de consangüinidade, que o cuidado à família se dá através de informações e orientações; que as dificuldades para o cuidado à família estão relacionadas ao medo do envolvimento e ao despreparo; que o acolhimento é entendido como proximidade, cuidar o outro como a si próprio, e ser receptivo. Os resultados apontam para a valorização do acolhimento à família como uma tecnologia de cuidado relevante para a prática em UTI, porém existe a necessidade de capacitação dos profissionais.
Opinião de auxiliares e técnicos de enfermagem sobre a sistematização da assistência de enfermagem
Authors: Ramos Luciana Aparecida Ribeiro , Carvalho Emília Campos de , Canini Silvia Rita Marin da Silva
Published: June 2017

Este estudo teve como objetivo identificar a percepção de auxiliares e técnicos de enfermagem sobre sistematização da assistência de enfermagem e os aspetos legais de sua participação nesse processo, sobre a contribuição dessa metodologia na organização do serviço e atividades que realizam. Estudo descritivo, com 77 profissionais de um hospital escola do interior do Estado de São Paulo, em 2006. Os dados, coletados por meio de questionário e escala tipo Likert, revelaram que os profissionais reconhecem a utilização da SAE em seu setor de trabalho, mas não relacionam suas atividades ao método. A maioria referiu que contribui recepcionando o paciente na unidade, coletando dados como freqüência cardíaca, pressão arterial, temperatura, realizando as prescrições de enfermagem. Ainda, referem participar da avaliação comunicando as alterações observadas. Conclui-se que a participação dos auxiliares e técnicos de enfermagem nesta metodologia ainda é obscura, os mesmos não percebem suas atribuições, fato reforçado pela compreensão dúbia da legislação, evidenciando necessidade premente da inclusão deste tema na grade curricular dos cursos de auxiliares e técnicos de enfermagem, esclarecendo as atribuições e responsabilidades de cada membro da equipe de enfermagem.
A experiência da enfermidade e o itinerário terapêutico vivenciado por uma pessoa com infarto
Authors: Nabão Fabiana Rodrigues Zequini , Maruyama Sônia Ayako Tao
Published: June 2017

Este estudo tem por objetivo compreender a experiência da enfermidade e o itinerário terapêutico em relação à vivência da dor empreendida por uma pessoa com IAM evento sentinela da hipertensão, procedente do município de Marcelândia em Mato Grosso nos múltiplos sistemas de cuidado em saúde empreendido por ela na busca por atenção à sua saúde. O estudo foi sustentado nos conceitos de: Integralidade, experiência da enfermidade, itinerário terapêutico e história de vida focal. A História de Vida Focal foi operacionalizada pela entrevista em profundidade, na tentativa de apreender a experiência da dor vivida por Dona Florinda, em sua trajetória de adoecimento entre fevereiro e maio de 2007. A discussão e análise dos dados possibilitaram a compreensão de sua experiência no momento da dor, sendo marcado por componentes socioculturais que determinaram suas escolhas, inicialmente a busca por cuidado popular, depois, resistindo a entrada no setor profissional, busca pelo “farmacêutico”, este tendo a função de direcionar a sua passagem ao setor profissional, e como num processo ritual, então ela entra no sistema profissional de cuidados à saúde.
Identificação de diagnósticos de enfermagem do domínio segurança/proteção em idosos admitidos no sistema hospitalar
Authors: Guedes Helisamara Mota , Nakatani Adélia Yaeko Kyosen , Santana Rosimere Ferreira , Bachion Maria Márcia
Published: June 2017

É freqüente o fenômeno de re-internações de idosos. Assim, é necessário conhecer as respostas humanas de idosos, no momento da admissão hospitalar, para que se possa traçar atendimento adequado. Esta pesquisa objetivou: analisar o perfil de diagnósticos de enfermagem (DE) do domínio Segurança/Proteção, da Taxonomia II da NANDA, na admissão hospitalar de idosos. O estudo descritivo foi realizado na clínica médica de um Hospital Escola da Região Centro-Oeste, de abril a outubro de 2007. Foi utilizado um protocolo previamente validado para a coleta de dados. Para análise dos dados foi adotado o processo de raciocínio clínico proposto por Risner, e procedimentos de estatística descritiva. Participaram 28 idosos, sendo 75% do sexo masculino, 86,4% tinham entre 60 a 79 anos, 71,4% casados, 75% católicos, 42,9% estudaram de um a três anos e 67,8% possuíam rendimento de até dois salários. Foi identificado que 100% dos idosos apresentaram o diagnóstico Dentição Prejudicada, 100% Risco de Infecção, 57,1% Risco de Quedas, 14,2% Integridade da Pele Prejudicada e 3,5% Hipertermia. Estes diagnósticos de enfermagem indicam os focos da prática que devem ser priorizados, demandando ações não só durante a permanência no hospital, mas também no domicílio, contribuindo com a diminuição das internações e re-internações hospitalares.
Uso de metodologia ativa na disciplina gerenciamento de enfermagem em saúde coletiva da FEO/UFPEL
Authors: Heck Rita Maria , Jardim Vanda Da Rosa , Dilélio Alitéia Santiago , Silva Solange José da
Published: June 2017

A preparação de recursos humanos para atuar no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) é um desafio para as instituições públicas de ensino superior. O artigo tem o objetivo de descrever a experiência de graduandos de enfermagem no aprendizado do Gerenciamento em Saúde Coletiva aplicando uma metodologia ativa de compreensão do SUS, comentando aspectos positivos e limitadores desse processo. A experiência aconteceu no Curso de Graduação em Enfermagem e Obstetrícia da Universidade Federal de Pelotas/RS, no período de 2000-2008. Como aspecto positivo os acadêmicos destacam a aproximação com o mundo do trabalho na lógica do SUS, utilizando-se de ferramentas como o planejamento, organização, coordenação, compreensão da hierarquização e regionalização dos serviços de saúde no município e região. Neste contato o acadêmico é motivado a exercitar a crítica e reflexão em relação aos indicadores de saúde, à gestão de recursos humanos, físicos e financeiros e tomar decisões indicando o que é prioridade para um contexto específico. Reside aí um limite, os acadêmicos desejam discutir e sugerir uma proposta formulada, visitando o município, o que não foi viabilizado até o momento. O espaço também permite acompanhar mudanças que visam o fortalecimento do SUS a exemplo do Pacto pela Vida.
Cuidar de crianças com necessidades especiais de saúde: desafios para as famílias e enfermagem pediátrica
Authors: Neves Eliane Tatsch , Cabral Ivone Evangelista
Published: June 2017

Crianças com necessidades especiais de saúde (CRIANES) demandam cuidados especiais de saúde no domicílio, caracterizados como de natureza contínua e complexa. Objetivou-se descrever e discutir os desafios determinados por esses cuidados para as cuidadoras de CRIANES no domicílio. Pesquisa qualitativa realizada em hospital de ensino do sul do Brasil, em dezembro de 2004, tendo como fonte de dados: entrevista, relatório da dinâmica de criatividade e sensibilidade Corpo Saber desenvolvida com quatro cuidadoras e prontuário de cinco crianças em atendimento. Os dados foram analisados pelo método da Análise de Discurso francesa. As mulheres desvelaram a natureza complexa do cuidado às CRIANES e a relevância de realizá-lo com base em saberes e práticas que não pertencem ao seu cotidiano existencial. Elas situaram esse cuidado como de sobrevivência, (sobre)natural e singular devido a sua complexidade, elevada demanda e dedicação. Prioritariamente, todas as ações cuidativas implementadas eram preservadoras da vida. Conclui-se que é preciso incluir as famílias das CRIANES na assistência de enfermagem no intuito de ampliar o poder de negociação dessas mulheres para além da sobrevivência. Assim, as CRIANES apresentam desafios a Enfermagem Pediátrica, tendo em vista as diferentes demandas de cuidados tanto em nível hospitalar quanto familial e comunitário.
Percepção das mães sobre o processo comunicacional na unidade de terapia intensiva neonatal
Authors: Fraga Tarciany F. , Amante Lúcia Nazareth , Anders Jane Cristina , Padilha Maria Itayra Coelho de Souza , Henckemaeir Luizita , Costa Roberta , Bock Lisnéia Fabiani
Published: June 2017

Este estudo teve como objetivo compreender a percepção da mãe sobre o processo comunicacional entre esta e a equipe de enfermagem na internação do recém-nascido na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal de um hospital escola do sul do Brasil. Conduziu-se a coleta de dados mediante entrevista semi-estruturada, realizada com sete mães de recém-nascidos internados neste setor em 2007. A análise dos dados foi qualitativa. As mães perceberam que o processo comunicacional era utilizado de forma inadequada por alguns membros da equipe de enfermagem; que a mecanização do cuidado e a falta de compromisso profissional influenciavam no processo de comunicação, tanto na compreensão das mensagens quanto no relacionamento interpessoal e no acolhimento. Os resultados revelaram a necessidade de preparar os profissionais de enfermagem sobre o atendimento a família e o uso da comunicação terapêutica, incluindo o seu ensino na graduação e na educação em serviço. Cabe ressaltar dois pontos essenciais para o cuidado das mães nas unidades assistenciais de saúde: oferta periódica de momentos educativos para a equipe de saúde sobre os temas comunicação e família e a inclusão dos temas família e comunicação na formação dos profissionais com o intuito de prepará-los para as situações desafiadoras no cuidado às famílias.
Avaliação das dimensões da sede: revisão integrativa
Authors: Martins Pamela Rafaela , Fonseca Lígia Fahl
Published: June 2017

A sede é um sintoma multifatorial e subjetivo cuja mensuração requer múltiplos instrumentos. O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar as dimensões de avaliação da sede e os instrumentos de mensuração utilizados. Incluíram-se artigos publicados entre 2005 a 2015 das bases de dados Lilacs, PubMed e SciELO. A amostra final foi de 18 artigos que evidenciaram as dimensões da sede: intensidade, frequência e desconforto. Também se avaliou a xerostomia e sua intensidade. Essas dimensões foram identificadas por Escalas Visuais Analógicas, Escalas Verbais Numéricas, Escalas de Faces e Escalas Likert, empregadas no Inventário de Sede, Inventário de Xerostomia e Escala de Desconforto da Sede. Avaliou-se a sede principalmente em pacientes dialíticos e internados em unidade de terapia intensiva. Embora a sede seja um sintoma, sua avaliação concentra-se sobretudo na intensidade e é realizada em populações específicas.
Explore Novel Renewable Energy Generation via Applications of Thermoelectric Technology
Authors: Jin A. J. , Zhang Y. M.
Published: June 2017

This paper presents systematic studies of the renewabale energy [RE] technologies and focuses on thermoelectric (TE) technology. The invention of a new equipment is applied to thermoelectric modules (TEM) and demonstrates important capabilities such as in-situ characterization of I-V curve, P-V curves, and TE efficiency. Many variales are invetsigated in order to maximize the output of TE power. Experimental data show that the TE power output is scalable/ additive for multiple TE systems. Multi-stack structures are invetsigated in order to improve the TE efficiency. One of the hightlights of this paper is to generate a large output of TEPG system up to 1kW power. The TE technology is one of the most important RE technologies that has advantages of being renewable, possessing low-noise/ no-moving parts among other features, and having versatile and special applications with TEM. Several sets of the thermoelectric power generation (TEPG) systems are developed with various TEMs for many different applications. Finally, the TEPG is characterized for the experimental investigation and data analysis, followed by summaries and conclusion based on the data.
Cultural Globalization and Foreign Policy Strategies of the Islamic Republic of Iran (Case Study; the Seventh and the Ninth Governments)
Authors: Esfahani Alireza Samiee
Published: June 2017

Nowadays, cultural globalization is one of the most important aspects of expansion and deepening of capitalistic relations. This process exerts a great influence on all communities, especially non-Western societies, so that it has prompted them to adopt different approaches towards it. Thus, understanding the phenomenon of globalization for countries such as Iran that insists on their specificity (especially on their indigenous cultural values), to identify threats and crises which this phenomenon will be looking for them is of high importance. So, the main purpose of this research is to analyze how the seventh and the ninth governments of Islamic Republic of Iran dealt with the issue of globalization, particularly, its cultural aspect. Indeed, with realization of the differences between post-revolutionary Iranian state and most of existing ideologies in the world and also its geopolitics and strategic sensitive location in the region; all Iranian post-revolutionary governments adopted logical and rational policies in dealing with this worldwide wave. However, as regards the specific national, regional and international conditions, the seventh and the ninth governments were much more exposed to globalization and taking a clear stance. Research findings, according to the theory of ‘James N. Rosenau “Fragmegration” show that the seventh government, based on adopting political culturalism, sought for interaction and ‘convergence’ in the form of “dialogue between civilizations" as well as pacifism in addition to criticizing world’s dominant relations. Whereas, the ninth government adopting justice-oriented approach and political spirituality in the form of public participation and management in managing the world led to “divergence” of the existing global order considering realistic and power-based relations of international order.
Factors Enhancing Household Nutrition Outcomes in Potato Value Chain in South-Western Uganda
Authors: Mugisha Johnny , Mwadime Robert , Sebatta Christopher , Gensi Robert , Obaa Bernard
Published: June 2017

In Uganda, agricultural commercialization has been promoted to reduce poverty and improve household food security. South-western Uganda, the major producer of potato, has been considered the food basket of the country but it has one of the highest prevalence rates of stunting in children under 5. This study considered potato enterprise as a key pathway for enhancing household food and nutrition security because it has become a major income source and staple in the diets of many households in the area and most urban areas in the country. The objective was to determine factors that influence farm household nutrition and food security outcomes. Through a survey, data were collected from 434 randomly selected potato farmer households. Descriptive and econometric methods were used in data analysis. Results show that household dietary diversity score was low (3.2) for most (57%) of the households. Only 38% were food secure. The main factors enhancing household nutrition outcomes were size of land, livestock units owned, proportion of household income spent on food, and education of household head, while farmer’s experience in potato production had a negative effect. The size of land owned, crop diversification, income from potato, age and education of household head, and a famer being male enhanced household food security outcomes. The study recommends promoting improved production practices to maximize land productivity, integration of livestock in potato production, and training women and men in household food and nutrition and related use of income.
An Evaluation of the Sustainable Community Development of Pig Farming, under the Serasah System, in Wonosobo Regency, Indonesia
Authors: Pangerungan Yans , Syahlani Suci Paramitasari , Haryadi F. Trisakti
Published: June 2017

The purpose of this research is to evaluate the level of sustainability of pig farming,under the serasah system in Wonosobo Regency, Indonesia. This research is conducted in six villages located in the District of Kertek, the six village are Candimulyo, Candiyasan, Kapencar, Pagerejo, Purbosono, and Reco. The research’s activities are carried out in three phases: Preparation, data collection, and analysis. The preparation phase includes the collection of information from the reference sources required to initiate the research. The data collections’ phase, to obtain the primary data on theserasah system of pig farming, use the observation method, in-depth interviews and surveys via a questionnaire to identify the factors that contribute to the sustainability of pig farming within theserasah system. The in-depth interviews include talks with key figures in the villages’serasahpig farming system. The next stage is the processing of the data by analyzing every aspect of it. Based on the results of the assessment of the level of sustainability of pig farming in Wonosobo, the ecological aspect’s percentage is lower than that of the socio-economic aspects. The socio-economic aspects are showing progress towards sustainability, and the ecological aspects indicate they have made a good start towards sustainability. In other word serasah system pig farms have a good sustainability as farm business activities.
Which One is Stronger to Affect Innovation Adoption by Balinese Farmers: Government Role or Local Wisdom?
Authors: Suasih Ni Nyoman Reni , Saskara Ida Ayu Nyoman , Yasa I Nyoman Mahaendra , Budhi Made Kembar Sri
Published: June 2017

Bali is a popular tourist destination that still maintain its typical culture in many areas of life, including in agriculture. Basic implementation of the primary sector in this island is based on the local wisdom called Tri Hita Karana or three causes of happiness. Tri Hita Karana consists of Parahyangan, Pawongan, and Palemahan, the harmonious relationship between human and God, fellow human beings, and the environment. Decision-making of farmers to do adoption of innovations always considering compliance with the local wisdom. Agricultural innovation has been developed from the results of research and development by the government. The government has several functions in the agriculture sector, such as: regulation functions, education functions, control functions, supervise functions, and stabilization functions. This study aimed to analyze the effect of the implementation of local knowledge and the role of the government towards the adoption of innovation, and to determine the factors which have a dominant effect on the adoption of modernization. The results showed that both the implementation of local wisdom and government role have positive and significant effect on innovation adoption by Balinese farmers. In fact, the implementation of local wisdom is stronger to affect innovation adoption than government role. Therefore, it is suggested that in the research and development innovation for agriculture, the government and researcher always consider the suitability with local wisdom, so that innovations can be adopted by farmers optimally.
Optimal Check Digit Systems Based on Modular Arithmetic
Authors: Faria Luerbio , Pinto Paulo Eustáquio Duarte , Pedroza Natália
Published: June 2017

In this article, we discuss check digits systems based on modular arithmetic, which are used worldwide. Check digits were created to eliminate most errors in data input of computational systems. Though old, a discussion about the optimality of the systems used is not found in the literature. We describe the main existing systems worldwide and highlight those adopted in Brazil. We present the necessary improvements in order to make all systems optimal. We also propose a new optimal system with 3 permutations for systems with modular base 10.
Melting glaciers stimulate large summer phytoplankton blooms in southwest Greenland waters
Authors: Arrigo Kevin R. , van Dijken Gert L. , Castelao Renato M. , Luo Hao , Rennermalm Åsa K. , Tedesco Marco , Mote Thomas L. , Oliver Hilde , Yager Patricia L.
Published: June 2017

Each summer, large quantities of freshwater and associated dissolved and particulate material are released from the Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS) into local fjords where they promote local phytoplankton growth. Whether the influx of freshwater and associated micronutrients in glacial meltwater is able to stimulate phytoplankton growth beyond the fjords is disputed, however. Here we show that the arrival of freshwater discharge from outlet glaciers from both southeast and southwest GrIS coincides with large‐scale blooms in the Labrador Sea that extend over 300 km from the coast during summer. This summer bloom develops about a week after the arrival of glacial meltwater in early July and persists until the input of glacial meltwater slows in August or September, accounting for ~40% of annual net primary production for the area. In view of the absence of a significant change in the depth of the mixed layer associated with the arrival of glacial meltwater to the Labrador Sea, we suggest that the increase in phytoplankton biomass and productivity in summer is likely driven by a greater nutrient supply (most likely iron). Our results highlight that the ecological impact of meltwater from the GrIS likely extends far beyond the boundaries of the local fjords, encompassing much of the eastern Labrador Sea. Such impacts may increase if melting of the GrIS accelerates as predicted.
Factors that influence query reformulations and search performance in health information retrieval: A multilevel modeling approach
Authors: Lu Kun , Joo Soohyung , Lee Taehun , Hu Rong
Published: June 2017

Query reformulations can occur multiple times in a session, and queries observed in the same session tend to be related to each other. Due to the interdependent nature of queries in a session, it has been challenging to analyze query reformulation data while controlling for possible dependencies among queries. This study proposes a multilevel modeling approach in an attempt to analyze the effects of contextual factors and system features on types of query reformulation, as well as the relationship between types of query reformulation and search performance within a single research model. The results revealed that system features and users' educational background significantly influence users' query reformulation behaviors. Also, types of query reformulation had a significant impact on search performance. The main contribution of this study lies in that it adopted the multilevel modeling method to analyze query reformulation behavior while considering the nested structure of search session data. Multilevel analysis enables us to design an extensible research model to include both session‐level and action‐level factors, which provides a more extended understanding of the relationships among factors that influence query reformulation behavior and search performance. The multilevel modeling used in this study has practical implications for future query reformulation studies.
Lead and Copper Adsorption Behaviour by Lemna gibba: Kinetic and Equilibrium Studies
Authors: del Carmen Carreño‐De León Maria , Flores‐Alamo Nicolás , Solache‐Ríos Marcos Jose , De la Rosa‐Gómez Isaias , Díaz‐Campos German
Published: June 2017

Copper and lead were found in sediments of Chimaliapan Lake in the State of Mexico; these elements may come from local tanneries and other industries. The sorption behaviour of lead and copper by Lemna gibba sampled from the same lake was determined. The results showed that the removal capacity for lead (about 98.9%) was higher than for copper (60%). The maximum adsorption capacities were at pH 4 and highest for Pb(II). Adsorption kinetics showed that the experimental data fitted the pseudo‐first and ‐second order models (R2 = 0.99). Equilibrium data of Pb(II) fitted best to the Langmuir model and Cu(II) data to the Langmuir and Freundlich models.
Comparison of the effects of 45S5 and 1393 bioactive glass microparticles on hMSC behavior
Authors: Qazi Taimoor H. , Hafeez Shahzad , Schmidt Jochen , Duda Georg N. , Boccaccini Aldo R. , Lippens Evi
Published: June 2017

Bioactive glasses (BAGs) are highly interesting materials for bone regeneration applications in orthopedic and dental defects. It is quite well known that ionic release from BAGs influences cell behavior and function. Mindful of the clinical scenario, we hypothesized that local cell populations might additionally physically interact with the implanted BAG particles and respond differently than to just the ionic stimuli. We therefore studied the biological effect of two BAG types (45S5 and 1393) applied to human mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSCs) in three distinct presentation modes: (a) direct contact; and to dissolution products in (b) 2D, and (c) 3D culture. We furthermore investigated how the dose‐dependence of these BAG particles, in concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 2.5 w/v %, influenced hMSC metabolic activity, proliferation, and cell spreading. These cellular functions were significantly hampered when hMSCs were exposed to high concentrations of either glasses, but the effects were more pronounced in the 45S5 groups and when the cells were in direct contact with the BAGs. Furthermore the biological effect of 1393 BAG outperformed that of 45S5 BAG in all tested presentation modes. These outcomes highlight the importance of investigating cell–BAG interactions in experimental set‐ups that recapitulate host cell interactions with BAG particles. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 105A: 2772–2782, 2017.
Mineralien im Polymer
Authors: Schupp David , Cölfen Helmut
Published: June 2017

Natürlich vorkommende Biomaterialien entstehen alle unter Standardbedingungen in wässriger Umgebung – ein Vorbild für umweltverträglichere Kunststoffe. Ein Beispiel für ein solches neuartiges Material ist ein Mineralkunststoff aus Calciumcarbonat und Polyacrylsäure.
Bilanz 2016: Wacker
Authors: Bulmahn Maren
Published: June 2017

Der Münchner Konzern Wacker verkaufte im Jahr 2016 mehr und investierte weniger. Konzernchef Rudolf Staudigl erwartet steigende Absatzmengen in allen Geschäftsbereichen.
Deutsche Nomenklatur der neuen Elemente
Authors: Hellwich Karl‐Heinz , Weinig Hans‐Georg
Published: June 2017

Für die deutsche Nomenklatur der neuen Elemente einigte sich eine Expertenrunde auf Nihonium (113), Moscovium (115), Tenness (117) und Oganesson (118).
Semi‐Closed Investigations of New Aluminized Thermobaric and Enhanced Blast Composites
Authors: Maiz Lotfi , Trzciński Waldemar A. , Paszula Józef
Published: June 2017

The investigations of new aluminum‐enriched RDX‐based composites belonging to the thermobaric and enhanced blast explosive formulations were undertaken. In a semi‐closed bunker, the blast wave and the thermal characteristics of pressed and layered charges made from the composites are determined. The study includes the blast wave history registrations as well as the determination of the overpressure peaks and the specific impulses of the incident blast wave. The total impulses have been estimated for a period of 60 ms. Since the composites are supposed to be volumetric, the explosion light outputs and the fireball temperatures were also investigated. The results obtained for the composite charges were compared with the blast performances and fireball temperatures of TNT and phlegmatized RDX charges of the same mass. Also differences between the pressed and the layered composite charges prepared from the same composites were observed and explained. The effect of the aluminum particle size was checked. Discussion of the results and conclusions about the aluminum combustions during the explosions of such charges were presented.
3D‐vision based detection, localization, and sizing of broccoli heads in the field
Authors: Kusumam Keerthy , Krajník Tomáš , Pearson Simon , Duckett Tom , Cielniak Grzegorz
Published: June 2017

This paper describes a 3D vision system for robotic harvesting of broccoli using low‐cost RGB‐D sensors, which was developed and evaluated using sensory data collected under real‐world field conditions in both the UK and Spain. The presented method addresses the tasks of detecting mature broccoli heads in the field and providing their 3D locations relative to the vehicle. The paper evaluates different 3D features, machine learning, and temporal filtering methods for detection of broccoli heads. Our experiments show that a combination of Viewpoint Feature Histograms, Support Vector Machine classifier, and a temporal filter to track the detected heads results in a system that detects broccoli heads with high precision. We also show that the temporal filtering can be used to generate a 3D map of the broccoli head positions in the field. Additionally, we present methods for automatically estimating the size of the broccoli heads, to determine when a head is ready for harvest. All of the methods were evaluated using ground‐truth data from both the UK and Spain, which we also make available to the research community for subsequent algorithm development and result comparison. Cross‐validation of the system trained on the UK dataset on the Spanish dataset, and vice versa, indicated good generalization capabilities of the system, confirming the strong potential of low‐cost 3D imaging for commercial broccoli harvesting.
Carbohydrates in Fluoride Sensing: Use of Cyclodextrin and CNC‐Based Chemical Probes
Authors: Das Rituparna , Mukhopadhyay Balaram
Published: June 2017

Despite significant development in the area, efficient sensing of fluoride ions in aqueous media remained a serious challenge. In this communication we report the design and synthesis of two eco‐friendly carbohydrate‐based probes for the fluorimetric sensing of fluoride ions. The novel probes are fully characterized with NMR, UV‐Vis, FTIR and MALDI‐TOF. The probes showed selective detection of fluoride anion within the permissible limit set by WHO. The organic cellulose nanocomposite (CNC) based probe showed the lowest detection limit among other carbohydrate‐based probes for the detection of fluoride anion. In addition to the excellent sensitivity, these probes are particularly attractive for their bio‐availability and non‐toxic nature.
Imaging Intra-abdominal Burkitt's Lymphoma: From Discrete Bowel Wall Thickening to Diffuse Soft Tissue Infiltration
Authors: Harris Alison C. , MacLean Kelly A. , Grunau Gilat L. , Chang Silvia D. , Martin Nancy
Published: June 2017

Burkitt's lymphoma is a highly aggressive non-Hodgkin's B-cell lymphoma, which often presents with intra-abdominal involvement. The purpose of this pictorial review is to illustrate the various intra-abdominal imaging findings of Burkitt's lymphoma. Extranodal disease at presentation is common, including involvement of the bowel, stomach, pancreas, spleen, and mesentery.
Single-cell entropy for accurate estimation of differentiation potency from a cell’s transcriptome
Authors: Teschendorff Andrew E. , Enver Tariq
Published: June 2017

The ability to quantify differentiation potential of single cells is a task of critical importance. Here we demonstrate, using over 7,000 single-cell RNA-Seq profiles, that differentiation potency of a single cell can be approximated by computing the signalling promiscuity, or entropy, of a cell’s transcriptome in the context of an interaction network, without the need for feature selection. We show that signalling entropy provides a more accurate and robust potency estimate than other entropy-based measures, driven in part by a subtle positive correlation between the transcriptome and connectome. Signalling entropy identifies known cell subpopulations of varying potency and drug resistant cancer stem-cell phenotypes, including those derived from circulating tumour cells. It further reveals that expression heterogeneity within single-cell populations is regulated. In summary, signalling entropy allows in silico estimation of the differentiation potency and plasticity of single cells and bulk samples, providing a means to identify normal and cancer stem-cell phenotypes.
Inhibition of AURKA kinase activity suppresses collective invasion in a microfluidic cell culture platform
Authors: Xia Jiang-Long , Fan Wen-Jun , Zheng Fei-Meng , Zhang Wen-Wen , Xie Jia-Jun , Yang Meng-Ying , Kamran Muhammad , Wang Peng , Teng Hong-Ming , Wang Chun-Li , Liu Quentin
Published: June 2017

Tumor local invasion is the first step of metastasis cascade which remains the key obstacle for cancer therapy. Collective cell migration plays a critical role in tumor invading into surrounding tissues. In vitro assays fail to assess collective invasion in a real time manner. Herein we aim to develop a three-dimensional (3D) microfluidic cell invasion model to determine the dynamic process. In this model, collective invasion of breast cancer cells is induced by the concentration gradient of fetal bovine serum. We find that breast cancer cells adopt a collective movement rather than a random manner when the cells invade into extracellular matrix. The leading cells in the collective movement exhibit an increased expression of an Aurora kinase family protein - AURKA compared with the follower cells. Inhibition of AURKA kinase activity by VX680 or AKI603 significantly reduces the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 (Thr202/Tyr204) and collective cohort formation. Together, our study illustrates that AURKA acts as a potential therapeutic target for suppressing the process of tumor collective invasion. The 3D microfluidic cell invasion model is a reliable, measurable and dynamic platform for exploring potential drugs to inhibit tumor collective invasion.
Fate of neutral-charged gold nanoparticles in the roots of the Hordeum vulgare L. cultivar Karat
Authors: Milewska-Hendel Anna , Zubko Maciej , Karcz Jagna , Stróż Danuta , Kurczyńska Ewa
Published: June 2017

Nanoparticles (NPs) have a significant impact on the environment and living organisms. The influence of NPs on plants is intensively studied and most of the data indicate that NPs can penetrate into plants. The studies presented here were performed on the roots of Hordeum vulgare L. seedlings using neutral-charge gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) of different sizes. In contrast to the majority of the published data, the results presented here showed that during the culture period, AuNPs: 1/did not enter the root regardless of their size and concentration, 2/that are applied directly into the cells of a root do not move into neighbouring cells. The results that were obtained indicate that in order to extend our knowledge about the mechanisms of the interactions between NPs and plants, further studies including, among others, on different species and a variety of growth conditions are needed.
Genomic admixture tracks pulses of economic activity over 2,000 years in the Indian Ocean trading network
Authors: Brucato Nicolas , Kusuma Pradiptajati , Beaujard Philippe , Sudoyo Herawati , Cox Murray P. , Ricaut François-Xavier
Published: June 2017

The Indian Ocean has long been a hub of interacting human populations. Following land- and sea-based routes, trade drove cultural contacts between far-distant ethnic groups in Asia, India, the Middle East and Africa, creating one of the world’s first proto-globalized environments. However, the extent to which population mixing was mediated by trade is poorly understood. Reconstructing admixture times from genomic data in 3,006 individuals from 187 regional populations reveals a close association between bouts of human migration and trade volumes during the last 2,000 years across the Indian Ocean trading system. Temporal oscillations in trading activity match phases of contraction and expansion in migration, with high water marks following the expansion of the Silk Roads in the 5th century AD, the rise of maritime routes in the 11th century and a drastic restructuring of the trade network following the arrival of Europeans in the 16th century. The economic fluxes of the Indian Ocean trade network therefore directly shaped exchanges of genes, in addition to goods and concepts.
miR-143 and miR-145 disrupt the cervical epithelial barrier through dysregulation of cell adhesion, apoptosis and proliferation
Authors: Anton Lauren , DeVine Ann , Sierra Luz-Jeannette , Brown Amy G. , Elovitz Michal A.
Published: June 2017

Molecular mechanisms regulating preterm birth (PTB)-associated cervical remodeling remain unclear. Prior work demonstrated an altered miRNA profile, with significant increases in miR-143 and miR-145, in cervical cells of women destined to have a PTB. The study objective was to determine the effect of miR-143 and miR-145 on the cervical epithelial barrier and to elucidate the mechanisms by which these miRNAs modify cervical epithelial cell function. Ectocervical and endocervical cells transfected with miR-negative control, miR-143 or miR-145 were used in cell permeability and flow cytometry assays for apoptosis and proliferation. miR-143 and miR-145 target genes associated with cell adhesion, apoptosis and proliferation were measured. Epithelial cell permeability was increased in miR-143 and miR-145 transfected cervical epithelial cells. Cell adhesion genes, JAM-A and FSCN1, were downregulated with overexpression of miR-143 and miR-145. miR-143 and miR-145 transfection decreased cervical cell number by increasing apoptosis and decreasing cell proliferation through initiation of cell cycle arrest. Apoptosis genes, BCL2 and BIRC5, and proliferation genes, CDK1 and CCND2, were repressed by miR-143 and miR-145. These findings suggest that miR-143 and miR-145 play a significant role in cervical epithelial barrier breakdown through diverse mechanisms and could contribute to premature cervical remodeling associated with PTB.
Electrochemical synthesis to convert a Ag film into Ag nanoflowers with high electrocatalytic activity
Authors: Chang Ya-Huei , Liu Chang , Rouvimov Sergei , Luo Tengfei , Feng Shien-Ping
Published: June 2017

A generic design rule is proposed to convert a Ag film into functional Ag nanocrystalsviacyclic scanning electrodeposition.
Direct catalytic enantioselective Mannich-type reaction of α,α-dithioacetonitriles with imines using chiral bis(imidazoline)–Pd complexes
Authors: Kondo Masaru , Saito Hikari , Nakamura Shuichi
Published: June 2017

The first highly enantioselective reaction of α,α-dithioacetonitriles with imines has been developed.
Mixed Cu(i)/Au(i) coordination polymers as reversible turn-on vapoluminescent sensors for volatile thioethers
Authors: Varju Bryton R. , Ovens Jeffrey S. , Leznoff Daniel B.
Published: June 2017

Cu(i)-doping transforms an inactive Cu(i)/Au(i) coordination polymer into an emissive, reversible solid state sensor for dimethyl- and diethyl sulphide.
Metal-free radical oxidative alkoxycarbonylation and imidation of alkanes
Authors: Lu Lijun , Cheng Danyang , Zhan Yuanfeng , Shi Renyi , Chiang Chien-Wei , Lei Aiwen
Published: June 2017

The metal-free radical oxidative carbonylation of alkanes proceeded to give the corresponding esters and imides in good to high yields.
Active sites on graphene-based materials as metal-free catalysts
Authors: Navalon Sergio , Dhakshinamoorthy Amarajothi , Alvaro Mercedes , Antonietti Markus , García Hermenegildo
Published: June 2017

Defects, periphery, heteroatoms and heterojunctions can make graphene behave as a catalyst without the need for metallic elements.
Two isomorphous coordination polymer-derived metal oxides as high-performance anodes for lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Shi Wei-Wei , Zhang Han , Zheng Xiang-Yu , Lou Shuai-Feng , Hu Bo-Wen , Yin Ge-Ping , Gao Yun-Zhi
Published: June 2017

Two Co3O4 and NiO anodes for LIBs derived from novel, isomorphous 2D coordination polymers displayed high rate cycling performance.
Conversion of hydrazides into N,N′-diacylhydrazines in the presence of a ruthenium(ii)–arene complex
Authors: Nikolić Stefan , Ćirić Ivanka , Roller Alexander , Lukeš Vladimir , Arion Vladimir B. , Grgurić-Šipka Sanja
Published: June 2017

Formation of new tetradentate bridging ligands isolated as diruthenium(ii)-p-cymene complexes was realised in situ starting from [RuCl2(η6-p-cymene)]2 and hydrazides.
Learning deep discriminative features based on cosine loss function
Authors: Wang Jiabao , Li Yang , Miao Zhuang , Xu Yulong , Tao Gang
Published: June 2017

Deep feature representation is widely used in various visual applications. However, the feature extracted by the convolutional neural networks (CNNs) is inappropriate for cosine similarity measurement. Because the classical CNNs are designed for classification rather than for similarity comparison. A novel cosine loss function for learning deep discriminative features, which are fit to the cosine similarity measurement, is designed. The loss can constrain the distribution of the features in the same class to be in a narrow angle region. Furthermore, a discriminative feature learning network framework and its corresponding two‐stage learning method to learn the parameters is proposed. Experimental results show that the proposed method achieves state‐of‐the‐art performance on the public Cifar10 and Market1501 datasets.
Scene‐aware image dehazing based on sky‐segmented dark channel prior
Authors: Xiao Jinsheng , Zhu Li , Zhang Yongqin , Liu Enyu , Lei Junfeng
Published: June 2017

An improved dehazing algorithm based on dark channel theory is proposed, in order to solve the problems of colour distortion and halo effect which still exists in dark channel prior algorithm. The dark channel prior theory may lead to colour distortion in sky region. Firstly, the guided filter is used to refine the segmentation of the sky region, and the atmospheric light is estimated accurately. Then, the median filter is used to obtain the detailed edge information. So a more clear transmission can be gotten which effectively suppress the halo problem. Finally, the gamma correction is applied to enhance image lightness with an empirically selected gamma parameter. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can effectively remove the haze. It can correct the colour distortion of the sky area and eliminate the halo effect at the edge of the scene.
Interview mit Prof. Annette Grüters-Kieslich: Frauen in der Medizin haben noch einen langen Weg vor sich
Authors: Rößing Sabine
Published: June 2017

Mit Frau Prof. Grüters-Kieslich und Frau Gürkan sind ab Juni 2017 zwei Frauen im Vorstand vom Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg – und sorgen somit für ein ausgeglichenes Geschlechterverhältnis. Das ist momentan leider noch eine absolute Seltenheit in medizinischen Führungsgremien.
Gebäudeversicherungen: Auf der Suche nach dem exakten Wert
Authors: Kohrs Jens
Published: June 2017

Die meisten haben sie, doch nach dem Abschluss gerät die Gebäudeversicherung oft in Vergessenheit. Das kann sich bitter rächen. Auf der FKT-Messe in Gelsenkirchen erklärt Steffen Kluge, wie eine folgenschwere Unterversicherung verhindert wird.
Autologous Fat Grafting Combined with Facelifting
Authors: Tzikas Thomas
Published: June 2017

There are multiple factors contributing to facial aging. Rejuvenation of the aging face, therefore, requires a multimodal approach to attain an overall natural and uniform result that is long lasting. Fat grafting has become a very important method for restoring facial soft-tissue atrophy, while facelifting procedures address the ptosis and descent of facial and neck tissue. These modalities performed together offer the patient a comprehensive approach to attain a more attractive and youthful facial appearance.
Preoperative Simulation in Planning Rhinoplasty: Evaluation from Patients' and Surgeons' Perspectives
Authors: Keles Musa , Engin Murat , Aydoğdu İlhami , Küçüker İsmail , Aksakal İbrahim
Published: June 2017

Among aesthetic surgery procedures, rhinoplasty is one of the most common. Preoperative simulations have become increasingly commonplace through the recent years along with a controversy regarding their use. Although capable of building a solid rapport between the surgeon and the patient by visualizing the end result, it can also prove to be a liability for a surgeon who is not confident about delivering the result which has been put on screen. The objective of this study is to evaluate the outlook of the surgeons and patients on preoperative simulations. Plastic surgeons who perform rhinoplasty and individuals who consider rhinoplasty were surveyed via an online questionnaire system. Their opinions about the practice of simulation were questioned and they were asked to distinguish between simulated and actual postoperative results. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS software. Major factors influencing the decision-making process of patients were the availability of preoperative simulation, being shown appealing results of the surgeon's previous work and a personal reference from a patient with an appealing result. Within the health care professionals, it has been observed that experienced surgeons are more confident about using simulations, while inexperienced ones are daunted by being bound with a visual contract (p < 0.05). However, it has been noted that the preference of withholding the simulation or providing a copy to the patient was similar in all experience levels (p > 0.05). In conclusion, our findings suggest that the patients' self-consciousness regarding preoperative simulations seem to grow faster than the surgeons' confidence in their use. Level of evidence is Level V.
Emergency and Trauma of the Pelvic Ring
Authors: Cassar-Pullicino Victor , Pérez Miguel , Guglielmi Giuseppe , Leone Antonio
Published: June 2017

Pelvic ring fractures are a common consequence of high-energy blunt trauma with a high rate of morbidity and mortality due to associated injuries, especially to the head, pelvic viscera, and vascular structures. The Young and Burgess classification system is the most widely utilized for categorizing pelvic ring injuries and assessing stability. The initial identification of these injuries often comes from an anteroposterior radiograph; however, computed tomography examination with three-dimensional volume-rendered reconstructions represents the reference standard and has essentially eliminated the requirement for inlet and outlet views. The appropriate treatment depends on a good knowledge of the anatomy and biomechanics of the pelvis. This review article underlines the importance of the integrity of ligaments to pelvic stability and describes the patterns of pelvic ring injuries and their associated mechanisms of injury.