bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Journal Factors That Affecting Nurse Performance in Emergency Room Bunda Thamrin Hospital 2018 Year
Authors: Sapriadi Sapriadi , Zega Leli Martini
Published: December 2023

Nurses as one of health workers in the hospital having an important role in achieving health development goals. The success of health services depends on the participation of nurses to provide high quality care nursing for patients .

This research is quantitative and using cross sectional design. The purpose of this research is to see what factors that can influence over the performance of nurses of emergency room in Bunda Thamrin Hospital Medan 2018. This research use total sampling or exhaustic sampling and

The source data of this research is using questionnaire and then followed by using univariate analysis, bivariate analysis, and multivariate analysis with SPSS program.

The results of this research is that work load (p=0,000), strees of work (p=0,000),competention (p=0,000), insentive (p=0,000),length of working (p=0,000) have influences for performance of nurse. After multivariate analysis the most influence variable is work load (p=0,000.

The result showed that there was correlation between work load, strees of work, competention, insentive, length of working has influences against work performances of nurse. Therefore, needs to improve nursing service that can be made to improving the performance of nurses with increased knowledge through education nursing sustainable and improving skills nursing is absolutely necessary. The arrangement of a work conducive environment so important, so that nurses can work effectively and efficiently .Creating a work that could lead to a nurse to do the best.
The Investigation of Nurses’ Sociotropy and Autonomy Personality Features in the Context of Emotional Habitus
Authors: MALAK AKGÜN Bahanur
Published: December 2023

The study was designed to investigate of nurses’ sociotropy and autonomy personality features in the context of emotional habitus.

The study was carried out in accordance with the qualitative research design and was supported by quantitative data. Information Form, Sociotropy-Autonomy Scale were applied to 10 nurses. Also, semi-structured thorough individual interviews were made with them.

Seven nurses have voluntarily chosen their profession and the others are not. Five nurses stated that nursing is appropriate for their personal character. Six nurses stated that nursing influenced the positive development of personal character. According to the findings, nurses who have developed autonomous personality characteristics and chose willingly the profession did so since it is a profession that is compatible with their individual identities or their primary habitus. Nurses claimed that the nursing profession suited their personalities also reported that the profession had a positive effect on their personalities. The findings revealed the significance of developing both autonomy and sociotropy personality characteristics. The nurses reported that their nursing profession brought them with sociotropy personality characteristics. If there are differences between the social identities of nurses and their nursing identities (the emotional habitus examined in this study), nurses tend to adopt the identity of the nursing profession. The nurse is motivated in this manner because he/she enjoys this different habitus, which makes his/her life, communication, and nursing career simpler. These advantages drive his/her to adopt this different habitus and incorporate it into his/her social identity. In this context, the researchers' investigation of nurses' personality traits in the context of their emotional habitus will positively affect the quality of care.
Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Koronavirüs Farkındalıkları İle Genital Hijyen Davranışları Arasındaki İlişki
Authors: YURTÇİÇEK EREN Saliha , BAŞGÖL Şükran
Published: December 2023

Bu araştırma, üniversite öğrencilerinin koronavirüs farkındalıkları ile genital hijyen davranışları arasındaki ilişkinin belirlenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. Tanımlayıcı ve ilişki arayıcı tipte tasarlanan araştırmanın evrenini bir devlet üniversitesinde 2020-2021 bahar döneminde öğrenim gören kız öğrenciler oluşturmuştur. Örneklem ise 01.04.2021-31.05.2021 tarihleri arasında araştırmaya katılmayı kabul eden 430 kız öğrenciden oluşmuştur. Veriler araştırmacı tarafından hazırlanan kişisel bilgi formu, “Koronavirüs Farkındalık Ölçeği” ve “Genital Hijyen Davranışları Ölçeği” kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde yüzde ve frekans değerleri ile bağımsız bağımsız grup t testi, Anova ve korelasyon analizi kullanılmıştır. Koronavirüs farkındalık ölçeği alt boyutlarına ilişkin puan ortalamaları; bulaşma tedbiri farkındalığı alt boyutunda 33,70±6,80, güncel gelişmeleri takip farkındalığı alt boyutunda 12,40±4,25 ve Hijyen Tedbiri Farkındalığı alt boyutunda 11,83±3,49 olarak bulunmuştur. Genital hijyen davranışları ölçeği alt boyutlarına ilişkin puan ortalamaları ise; genel hijyen davranışları alt boyutunda 46,58±5,77, adet hijyen davranışlarında 30,75±3,41 ve anormal bulgu farkındalığında 11,07±2,84 olarak bulunmuştur. Öğrencilerin koronavirüs farkındalığı ile genital hijyen davranışları arasında da pozitif yönde, orta düzeyde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki saptanmıştır. Buna göre öğrencilerin koronavirüs farkındalıkları arttıkça genital hijyen davranışları da artmaktadır.
Sağlıklı Bireylerde Spinal Stabilizasyon Egzersizleri, Kayropraktik Manipülasyon ve Kombine Uygulamasının Otonom Parametreler ve Bazı İlişkili Faktörlere Etkisi
Authors: AYDIN Emine Büşra , ARSLAN Mesut
Published: December 2023

Bu çalışmanın amacı; sağlıklı bireylerde spinal stabilizasyon egzersizleri, kayropraktik manipülasyon ve kombine uygulamasının otonom parametreler ve bazı ilişkili faktörlere etkisini araştırmaktır. Çalışmaya 18-45 yaş arası, sağlıklı 72 kişi dahil edilmiştir. Çalışmaya katılan kişiler randomize olarak 4 gruba ayrılmıştır. Grup 1’e haftada 1 kez olmak üzere 6 seans kayropraktik manipülasyon uygulanmıştır. Grup 2’ye haftada 3 kez olmak üzere 18 seans stabilizasyon egzersizleri yaptırılmıştır. Grup 3’e hem stabilizasyon egzersizleri, hem de kayropraktik manipülasyon uygulanmıştır. Tüm uygulamalar 6 hafta boyunca yapılmıştır. Grup 4 kontrol grubu olarak takip edilmiş, herhangi bir uygulama yapılmamıştır. Katılımcılar nabız, kan basıncı, solunum frekansı ve kalp hızı değişkenliği parametreleri, göğüs çevre ölçümü, Yorgunluk Şiddet Ölçeği, Algılanan Stres Ölçeği ve Pitsburg Uyku Kalitesi Ölçeği ile uygulama öncesi, uygulama sonrası ve uygulama sonrası 1. ayda değerlendirilmiştir. Tüm eğitim gruplarında uygulama sonrası ölçümde sistolik ve diyastolik kan basıncında anlamlı düşüşler elde edilmiştir. Ayrıca Grup 1’de torakal ekspansiyonda, Grup 3’te ise torakal ekspansiyon ve algılanan stres düzeyinde anlamlı iyileşmeler elde edilmiştir. Ancak değerlendirme parametrelerinin hiç birinde gruplar arası karşılaştırmada istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir farklılık tespit edilmemiştir.
Hemşirelerin İletişim Becerileri ve Danışmanlık Becerilerinin Durumu
Authors: ÇELİK DURMUŞ Serpil , GÜLNAR Emel , ÖZVEREN Hüsna
Published: December 2023

Bu çalışma, hemşirelerin iletişim becerileri ile danışmanlık becerilerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araştırma, tanımlayıcı-kesitsel ve ilişki arayıcı niteliktedir. Bu çalışmanın örneklemini 417 hemşire oluşturmuştur. Araştırmanın verileri; tanıtıcı özellikler formu, Sağlık Profesyonelleri için İletişim Becerileri Ölçeği ve Hemşirelerde Danışmanlık Becerileri Ölçeği kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde sayı, yüzdelik hesaplaması, ortalama ölçüleri, Kruskal Wallis Testi, Mann Whitney U Testi ve Spearman’s Korelasyon analizi kullanılmıştır. Hemşirelerin yaş ortalaması 30,54±7,50’olup %87,1’i kadın ve %76,7’si lisans mezunu olduğu belirlenmiştir. Hemşirelerin %56,4’ü iletişim becerisini iyi olarak değerlendirdiği ve %84,7’sinin iletişim rolünü kullandığını belirtmiştir. Hemşirelerin %75,1’i danışmanlık rolünü yerine getirdiği, %51,1’i danışmanlık becerisini orta düzeyde olarak değerlendirdiğini ifade etmiştir. Hemşirelerde danışmanlık becerileri ölçeği toplam puanı 43,95±4,23olarak bulunmuştur. Sağlık profesyonelleri için iletişim becerileri ölçeği alt boyutları; empati puan ortalaması 24,72±3,71, bilgilendirici iletişim puan ortalaması 29,56±4,14, saygı puan ortalaması 15.24±2.35 ve sosyal beceri alt puanı 16,64±2,80 olarak saptanmıştır. Bu sonuçlar doğrultusunda hemşirelerin iletişim becerileri ölçeği tüm alt boyutlarından orta düzeyin üzerinde puan aldığı belirlenmiştir. Hemşirelerin danışmanlık becerileri puanı yüksek olarak belirlenmiştir. Hemşireliğin hem teorik ve hem klinik eğitiminde öğrencilerin iletişim ve danışmanlık becerilerini arttırmaya yönelik interaktif eğitimlerin kullanılması önerilmektedir.
Sağlıklı Genç Bireylerde Gövde ve Kalça Antropometrik Ölçümlerinin Endurans Üzerine Etkisi
Authors: KOCA Rabia , ŞEN Müşerref Ebru
Published: December 2023

Bu araştırma sağlıklı genç bireylerde fiziksel özelliklerin ve antropometrik ölçümlerin endurans ile ilişkisini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın evrenini 19-40 yaş arası herhangi sistemik bir rahatsızlığı ve kas endurans testlerini tamamlamayı engelleyecek bir problemi olmayan, gönüllü 50 erkek 80 kadın toplam 130 sağlıklı birey oluşturmuştur. Araştırmanın verilerini; araştırmacılar tarafından literatür incelenerek oluşturulan sosyodemografik özellikler, fiziksel özellikler, antropometrik ölçümler ve gövde endurans testleri oluşturmaktadır. Verilerin istatistiksel analizinde Mann Whitney U, Kruskal Wallis, Spearman Korelasyon analizi ve çoklu testler için Bonferroni düzeltmesi kullanılmıştır. Bu araştırmada kalça dışında yapılan çevre ölçüm değerleri erkeklerde anlamlı olarak fazla bulunmuştur (p
Thoughts and Attitudes of Surgical Nurses on Planned Discharge Education and Influencing Factors
Authors: CANDAŞ ALTINBAŞ Bahar , SERPİCİ Ayşe , GÜRSOY Ayla , SARIMEHMET Didem
Published: December 2023

The shortening of the discharge time due to technological developments requires the patients to be discharged with sufficient information about the recovery process they will spend at home. Consequently, discharge planning and patient education are becoming more and more important in surgical patient care day by day. The aim of the study is to determine the thoughts and attitudes of surgical nurses related to discharge of patients after surgery and influencing factors. This descriptive study included 192 surgical nurses. Data were obtained with a questionnaire designed by researchers. It was found that 83.3% of the nurses provided discharge education to the patients and 71.9% of them implemented this education in a planned manner. In addition, while most of the nurses planned discharge education at the time of discharge, only 38.3% planned it at the time of hospitalization. Planned discharge education is usually given in the patient's room (93.0%), verbally (98.3%), taking into account the patient's age and education level (79.1%). Wound care (80.0%), self-care activities (79.1%) and drug therapy (73.0%) were the top three training topics. The institution where the nurse works, the clinic and the number of patients cared for in each shift are the top three factors affecting the provision of planned discharge education.
Sağlık Sistemine Güvensizlik Düzeyini Belirlemeye Yönelik Bir Araştırma: Tokat İlinde Bir Uygulama
Authors: DİĞER Hülya , ARDIÇ Mesut
Published: December 2023

Güven kavramı, sağlık hizmetlerine erişim, süreklilik, bakım kalitesi, sağlıkla ilgili davranış ve son olarak talep edenlerin beyan ettiği hizmete katılana kadar değişen bir dizi önemli sağlık hizmeti hedefiyle ilişkilendirilmiştir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, bireylerin sağlık sistemine güvensizlik düzeylerini belirlemektir. Araştırmanın evrenini Tokat il ve ilçelerinde ikamet eden kişiler oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın örneklemi ise kolayda örneklem yöntemi kullanılarak ulaşılan 390 adet katılımcıdan ibarettir. Araştırma verileri, tanımlayıcı analizlerin yani sıra t testi ve ANOVA analizi yardımıyla test edilmiştir. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre, kişilerin sağlık sistemine güvensizlik düzeylerinin düşük ve orta düzeyde farklılaştığı belirlenmiştir.
Sedanter Kadınlarda Kan Basıncı ve Dinlenik Nabız Değerlerinin Bazı Antropometrik Özelliklerle İlişkisinin İncelenmesi
Authors: TEMUR H. Bayram
Published: December 2023

Bu çalışmanın amacı, yetişkin sedanter kadınlarda, dinlenik nabız, yüksek ve düşük kan basıncı değerlerinin, yaş, boy uzunluğu, vücut ağırlığı, beden kitle indeksi (BKİ), bel ve kalça çevre uzunlukları, bel-boy ve bel-kalça oranları ile ilişkisinin araştırılmasıdır. Çalışmaya dahil edilen 54 katılımcının yaşları ortalaması, 38,20 ± 9,23 yıl, boy uzunlukları ortalaması 159,44 ± 6,38 cm, vücut ağırlıkları ortalaması ise 75,32 ± 12,52 kg düzeyindedir. Katılımcıların, sistolik ve diyastolik kan basıncı, dinlenik nabız, yaş, vücut ağırlığı, boy uzunluğu, bel çevresi, kalça çevresi, bel – kalça oranı, bel – boy oranı değerleri belirlendi. Ayrıca, BKİ değerleri hesaplandı. Elde edilen veriler, bilgisayar ortamına aktarıldı. Verilerin analizinde SPSS 26 paket programında Tanımlayıcı Frekans ve Korelasyon testleri kullanıldı. Analizler sonucunda, diyastolik kan basıncının, bel – kalça oranı ile ilişkisinin anlamlı (p>0,05) olmadığı, boy uzunluğu ile p
Türkiye’deki Suriyelilerin Geleceğine İlişkin Göç Politikasına Saha Çalışanlarının Bakışı: Nitel Bir Araştırma
Authors: MENGÜ Enver , YAMAN Ömer Miraç
Published: December 2023

Suriye’den Türkiye’ye yönelik kitlesel göç hareketinin ilk 10 yılı geride kaldı ve ikinci 10 yıllık süreç ciddi belirsizliklerle ilerlemektedir. Bu süreçte Suriye’nin durumu ve Türkiye’deki Suriyelilerin geleceği, gerek siyasetin gerekse de kamuoyunun gündemine dönemsel olarak yön vermektedir. Yaşanan göç sürecinde sivil toplum kuruluşlarının saha çalışanları ise Suriyeli göçmen grubun ihtiyaçlarını ve kültürlerini yakinen tanımış olmaları nedeniyle kritik özneler halini almışlardır. Bu noktada saha çalışanlarındaki söz konusu deneyim birikiminin bir yandan Türkiye’nin bugüne kadar yürütmekte olduğu göç politikasına ışık tutacağı, diğer yandan da bugünden sonra yürüteceği göç politikasına katkı sunacağı düşünülmektedir. Bu sebeple de bu araştırma, Suriyelilerin Türkiye’deki geleceklerine ilişkin güncel tartışmanın doğrudan Suriyelilerle çalışan saha çalışanlarındaki yerini ve görünümünü ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır. Saha çalışanlarının öznel deneyimlerini ve özgün önerilerini sunmalarına imkân tanıyacağı düşüncesiyle nitel yöntemin tercih edildiği bu araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak kullanılan derinlemesine mülakatlar, geride kalan 10 yıllık süreçte Suriyelilere yönelik çalışan sivil toplum kuruluşlarına bağlı 22 saha çalışanıyla yapılmıştır. Her birinin farklı bir kurumda olması tercih edilen saha çalışanlarından elde edilen verilerin analizi için MAXQDA programı kullanılmıştır. Buna göre de 23 alt tema üzerinden organize edilen nitel bulgular; göç politikasında belirsizlik, geri dönüş politikası, sosyal uyum politikası ve göç politikasına öneriler şeklinde 4 tema altında kategorize edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak ise saha çalışanlarının, aktarımlarıyla birçok noktada birbirinden ayrıştığı, ancak bir araya gelerek bir bütün oluşturdukları ortaya konulmuştur.
The Importance of Demographic Characteristics of Substance Use Disorders of University Students
Authors: DEMİRARSLAN Esra , ARABACI Zeynep , ÇAĞLAR Atila
Published: December 2023

Substance use disorders (SUDs) have been linked to physical and mental health problems as well as socioeconomic impacts which can also affect the perioperative period. This study aimed to analyze the SUDs rates and sociodemographic characteristics of university students. The population of the study included 12,841 students who were enrolled in the university in the 2012-2013 academic year. The sample included 1,284 students continuing education on the campuses of the university. The sample represented 10.0% of the research population, and its participants were selected using easy sampling. For the statistical analysis, the study used descriptive statistics as well as the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Chi-Square, ANOVA, and the Games-Howell posthoc test. Of the participants, 60.4% reported SDU at least once. The onset of substance use (SU) was younger than 15 years old. The female students reported a higher rate of SU than the male students. Marijuana was the first substance that the participants declare that they tried at least one substance. The participants who reported SDU had low academic grade averages. The rate of SUDs increased when the students had substance users around them and peer influence was immense. The study results suggest that the migration effects of universities should be studied.
Identifying Changes in Nutrition and Physical Activity in Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: KARADENİZ Havva , DURAN Seçil , YORULMAZ Deniz S.
Published: December 2023

This study aimed to determine changes in nutrition and physical activity in adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. The population of this descriptive-cross-sectional study consists of adults between the ages of 18-64. The data was collected online using the "Personal Information Form" and "Nutrition and Physical Activity Change Survey" between February and April 2021, after receiving the approval of the Ministry of Health and the ethics committee. Data were evaluated by number, percentage and chi-square test. According to the results, 78.1% of the participants were women, 24% were married and 10.7% had a chronic disease. During the COVID-19 epidemic, 50.2% had a decrease in physical activity time, 70.5% had a decrease in sedentary time, 44.1% had an increase in body weight, and 43.7% had a decrease in junk food, snack and appetizer consumption. There was an increase. Participants stated that they did not engage in physical activity for various reasons such as lack of a suitable environment for sports, lack of time, and curfew. Obesity represents a critical global public health problem that continues to increase. The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly affected individuals' daily lifestyles, leading to reduced physical activity opportunities and weight changes for many. To minimize the long-term impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on non-communicable chronic diseases, it is crucial to prioritize efforts to inform and counsel adults on adopting healthy nutrition and physical activity practices.
Validity and Reliability Study of the Turkish Adaptation of the Sustainable Food Literacy Scale
Authors: KUBİLAY Meral Nur , YÜKSEL Aysun
Published: December 2023

This study was conducted to determine the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Sustainable Food Literacy Scale.

The study was conducted with personnel working in Sakarya Metropolitan Municipality and trainees currently attending the training centers affiliated to the municipality. The study included a total of 533 participants. A demographic information form, and the Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener, Short Food Literacy Questionnaire, and Sustainable Food Literacy Scale were used. Exploratory factor analysis was conducted to analyze validity. The internal consistency coefficient, parallel form reliability, and test-retest methods were used to analyze reliability. Statistical data analysis was performed with the IBM SPSS Statistics 28.0 package program. A significance level of p
PolicySpace2 : modeling the real estate market and public policies
Authors: Alves Furtado Bernardo
Published: December 2023

Este trabalho apresenta, detalha e justifica o modelo denominado PolicySpace2, realiza sua validação e demonstra algumas análises de políticas públicas e seus resultados. O modelo conta com processos decisórios de trabalhadores e suas famílias e firmas em um contexto empírico e espacial a partir de dados de 2010, para as 46 Áreas de Concentração de População (ACPs) de regiões metropolitanas brasileiras. Os mecanismos e interação dos agentes nos mercados de bens, de trabalho e imobiliário seguem sugestões da literatura na sua fundamentação e listam justificativas e práticas quando inovadoras. A metodologia utilizada na construção de PolicySpace2 é denominada modelagem baseada em agentes (agent-based modeling – ABM) e sua descrição obedece aos preceitos do protocolo Visão Geral, Conceitos de Projeto e Detalhes (Overview, Design Concepts and Details – ODD) e da metodologia Transparent and Comprehensive Model Evaludation (TRACE). O propósito do trabalho é construir um modelo empírico do mercado imobiliário para o caso brasileiro que permita descrever e compreender mecanismos de mercado, além de viabilizar analogias que possam sugerir alternativas de políticas públicas. No processo de simulação é possível compreender a ordem de magnitude e relevância de alteração de parâmetros, regras, características dos agentes e implementação ou ausência de alguma política pública ou mudança exógena. Os resultados estão condicionados aos processos descritos e escolhas realizadas.
Does tourism chase the living culture? Singapore’s Kampong Glam and Geylang Serai
Authors: Argent Rachel , Azzali Simona , Law Lisa , Seow Margaret
Published: December 2023

This article was published open access under a CC BY licence: https://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/
Mind the widening ‘theory–practice gap’? The retreat to positivism in planning practice
Authors: Ludwig Carol , Sykes Olivier John , Ludwig Greg
Published: December 2023

This article argues that recent times have seen a (re)intensification of positivist decision making in planning practice in England. Ostensibly underpinned by appeals to scientific evidence and ‘objective’ fact, it seems this is resulting in an increased difficulty in operationalising subjective forms of knowledge. This it is argued has led to a widening theory–practice gap which has serious consequences for participatory democracy. The paper uses planning philosophy (theories of knowledge) as an analytical framework with which to examine these developments from both a theoretical and practice perspective. The latter is supported by insights from public and private sector planners, gathered during semi-structured interviews in 2021. Our findings suggest that a better philosophical understanding of the world within which planning operates can meaningfully inform both theory and practice and help planners to make sense of and navigate the trends described above.

This article was published open access under a CC BY licence: https://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/
Optimal Immobilization After Fixation of Bennett's Fracture: A Cadaveric Study
Authors: Mitchell Anthony J. , Ablove Robert H. , Bradley Erik
Published: December 2023

Objective:

Treating high-level athletes involves a balance between early and safe return to play. Various types of protective immobilization have been recommended after operatively treated Bennett's fracture. The purpose of this study was to investigate if hand-based immobilization offers protection equivalent to forearm-based immobilization.

Materials and Methods:

A cadaveric model of Bennett's fracture was created in 8 fresh-frozen, cadaveric forearms. Osteosynthesis was performed using a single headless compression screw. Three matched pairs were casted in either hand-based or forearm length, thumb spica casts, while 2 specimens remained un-casted as controls. Specimens were mounted on a custom testing apparatus. Weights were added in 6.8-kg increments until fixation failed and the fracture displaced. Fluoroscopy was performed after each trial. We used the Kruskal-Wallis non-parametric test to compare the groups. We considered
P
<.05 statistically significant.

Results:

Failure of fixation occurred at 6.8 kg in the control specimens. Fixation failed in hand-based and forearm length casts at a mean of 18.1±5.1 kg. We did not find a statistically significant difference between median values of load at failure in kilograms across control specimens and 2 immobilization categories (
P
=.114). All specimens in the hand-based group sustained additional wrist injuries, while no additional injuries were noted in the forearm length group.

Conclusion:

Our study results showed that hand-based immobilization provides equivalent protection against fixation failure for operatively treated Bennett's fractures but may predispose athletes to increased risk of wrist injury compared with traditional, forearm-based casting. [
Orthopedics
. 2024;47(3):157–160.]
A Novel Digital Templating Method for Total Hip Arthroplasty in Patients With Unilateral Hip Arthrosis
Authors: Mazur Matthew , Patel Ishan , Zalikha Abdul K. , Rodriguez Guillermo , Darwiche Hussein , Vaidya Rahul
Published: December 2023

Background:

Identification of the hip center of rotation (HCOR) before total hip arthroplasty (THA) is crucial for achieving optimal implant position and size, and for restoring native biomechanics around the hip joint. Current techniques for determining the HCOR in cases of abnormal hip anatomy are limited and unreliable. This study presents a novel technique using open-access software for preoperative THA templating for patients with significantly abnormal hip anatomy due to unilateral hip arthrosis. The aim is to reliably predict the HCOR and acetabular implant size compared with a traditional intraoperative method.

Materials and Methods:

This retrospective study involved 20 patients with unilateral hip arthrosis who underwent THA. Preoperative templating was performed using the experimental technique, and the position of the HCOR was measured on preoperative and postoperative radiographs. The positions of the predicted and actual HCOR were compared, along with the inclination and size of the acetabular component.

Results:

The difference between the predicted and actual HCOR positions was insignificant (0.43±0.22 mm vertically and 0.18±0.20 mm horizontally), and there was a positive correlation between them (
r
=0.78,
P
<.005;
r
=0.72,
P
<.005). The agreement between the predicted and actual acetabular implant sizes was 85%, with near-perfect interobserver agreement (Cohen's kappa=0.827).

Conclusion:

This novel technique provides a reliable method for predicting HCOR and acetabular implant size for THA in cases of unilateral hip arthrosis. This technique may help optimize biomechanics and improve outcomes in challenging cases. Further research and validation are warranted to establish its broader applicability. [
Orthopedics
. 2024;47(3):e139–e145.]
Understanding Financial Relationships Between Orthopedic Surgeons and Industry for Research
Authors: Tippabhatla Abhishek , Silvestre Jason , Torres-Izquierdo Beltran , Garvin Lawrence , Shea Kevin G. , Kelly John D. , Hosseinzadeh Pooya
Published: December 2023

Objective:

This study sought to understand trends in industry payments for research awarded to orthopedic surgeons.

Materials and Methods:

The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services Open Payments database was queried for the years 2016 to 2021 for industry payments for research. Financial analyses were performed to understand temporal trends and differences by orthopedic subspecialty and principal investigator characteristics such as sex. The threshold for statistical significance was set at .05.

Results:

A total of 2014 orthopedic surgeons were identified, among whom 542 adult reconstruction (27%) and 460 sports medicine (23%) surgeons were major beneficiaries. Seventy-one female orthopedic surgeons comprised the minority (4%). Total research payments awarded during the study period aggregated to $266,633,592, with adult reconstruction ($88,819,047; 33%) and sports medicine ($57,949,822; 22%) receiving the highest amounts. Total research payments awarded trended upward yearly except for a decline in 2020 that subsequently rebounded (
P
<.001). Median annual research payment per orthopedic surgeon was $13,375. Median total industry payments per orthopedic surgeon differed between specialties (
P
<.001), with the highest amounts for adult reconstruction ($44,063) and sports medicine ($34,567) and the lowest amounts for hand ($12,052) and foot and ankle ($19,233). Median total payments did not differ significantly when stratified by sex (
P
=.276) and region (
P
=.906). Specialties in which the respective top three companies offered the majority of the research funding were musculoskeletal oncology (90%), pediatric orthopedics (66%), and shoulder and elbow (64%).

Conclusion:

These results can be used as a primer for orthopedic surgeons seeking to leverage industry relationships to fund translational research. [
Orthopedics
. 2024;47(3):172–178.]
An efficient variant of the greedy block Kaczmarz algorithm for solving large linear systems
Authors: Zhang Ke , Yin Hong-Yan , Jiang Xiang-Long
Published: December 2023

By exploiting the concept of row partitioning, we propose an efficient variant of the greedy block Kaczmarz algorithm for solving consistent large linear systems. The number of blocks is determined a priori through numerical experiments. The new algorithm works with a reduced linear system, which dramatically diminishes the computational overhead per iteration. The theoretical result validates that this method converges to the unique least-norm solution of the linear system. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is also justified by comparing it with some block Kaczmarz algorithms in extensive numerical experiments.
Note on fractal interpolation function with variable parameters
Authors: Attia Najmeddine , Moulahi Taoufik , Amami Rim , Saidi Neji
Published: December 2023

Fractal interpolation function (FIF) is a new method of constructing new data points within the range of a discrete set of known data points. Consider the iterated functional system defined through the functions $ W_n(x, y) = \big(a_n x+e_n, \alpha_n(x) y +\psi_n(x)\big) $, $ n = 1, \ldots, N $. Then, we may define the generalized affine FIF $ f $ interpolating a given data set $ \big\{ (x_n, y_n) \in I\times \mathbb R, n = 0, 1, \ldots, N \big\} $, where $ I = [x_0, x_N] $. In this paper, we discuss the smoothness of the FIF $ f $. We prove, in particular, that $ f $ is $ \theta $-hölder function whenever $ \psi_n $ are. Furthermore, we give the appropriate upper bound of the maximum range of FIF in this case.
Filter design for continuous-discrete Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy system with finite frequency specifications
Authors: Duan Zhaoxia , Liang Jinling , Xiang Zhengrong
Published: December 2023

This paper was concerned with the problem of filter design for the continuous-discrete system in the Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy model. In a known finite frequency (FF) domain, an FF $ H_\infty $ performance was defined for the nonlinear continuous-discrete system. With the designed filter, sufficient conditions were then established for the filtering error system to be asymptotically stable and having a prescribed FF $ H_\infty $ performance. After that, a systematic method for the filter design was proposed. Finally, an example was provided to check effectiveness of the derived results.
Variation in seed morphology and selected oil parameters of neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss.) from different agroclimatic zones in Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: Mayavel A. , Krishnan S. , Abinaya R. , Esakkiammal S. , Warrier R.R.
Published: December 2023

Tamil Nadu, in southern India, has the second-largest number of neem trees in the country. The oil from the seeds has high economic significance for cottage industries in the region. This paper examines 28 Candidate Plus Trees (CPTs) selected from six agroclimatic zones in Tamil Nadu which exhibit exceptional traits such as superior growth and other desirable characteristics. We aimed to understand seed morphology variations and physicochemical properties in the oil across different regions. Significant differences were observed for morphometric traits. Fruit production correlated negatively with rainfall. 100-seed kernel weight and seed length correlated with oil percentage. Rainfall influenced seed breadth and pericarp weight. Clustering using morphological characters did not group genotypes from the same region; while soil type could distinguish them. Correlation helped us determine the prominent features which influence the traits of interest, which can be useful for breeding programs, cultivation practices, and the development of neem-based products in Tamil Nadu and beyond.
Visceral leishmaniasis in new foci areas of Nepal: Sources and extent of infection
Authors: Martschew Eva , Al-Aghbari Ahmed Asa’ad , Joshi Anand Ballabh , Kroeger Axel , Paudel Krishna Prasad , Dahal Gokarna , Pyakurel Uttam Raj , Diaz-Monsalve Sonia , Banjarax Megha Raj
Published: December 2023

Background & objectives:

The successful elimination program of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in Nepal decreased the incidence to less than 1 per 10,000 population leading to the consolidation phase. However, new VL cases have been recorded from new districts, threatening the elimination goal. This study monitors the geographical spread of VL and identifies potential risk factors.

Methods:

VL data of 2017–2020 were obtained from the Epidemiology and Disease Control Division (EDCD) of Nepal and mapped. Telephonic interviews with 13 VL patients were conducted.

Results:

The incidence maps indicate that VL is spreading to new areas. The target incidence exceeded four times in hilly and twice in mountainous districts. VL cases occurred in 64 of 77 districts in all three regions (mountainous, hilly and Terai). Interviews showed a correlation between travel history (private, commercial and for studies) and the spread of VL cases to new foci.

Interpretation & conclusion:

One major challenge of VL elimination in the maintenance phase is the spread of infection through travelers to new foci areas, which needs to be under continuous surveillance accompanied by vector control activities. This should be confirmed by a large-scale analytical study.
Recombinant protein immunoblots for differential diagnosis of tick-borne relapsing fever and Lyme disease
Authors: Shah Jyotsna S , Burrascano Joseph J , Ramasamy Ranjan
Published: December 2023

Lyme disease (LD) is caused by a group of tick-borne bacteria of the genusBorreliatermed Lyme diseaseBorreliae(LDB). The detection of serum antibodies to specific LDB antigens is widely used to support diagnosis of LD. Recent findings highlight a need for serological tests that can differentiate LD from tick-borne relapsing fever (TBRF) caused by a separate group ofBorreliaspecies termed relapsing feverBorreliae. This is because LD and TBRF share some clinical symptoms and can occur in overlapping locations. The development of serological tests for TBRF is at an early stage compared with LD. This article reviews the application of line immunoblots (IBs), where recombinant proteins applied as lines on nitrocellulose membrane strips are used to detect antibodies in patient sera, for the diagnosis and differentiation of LD and TBRF.
Seasonal prevalence of dengue vector mosquito Aedes aegypti Linn in Jaipur city, Rajasthan, India
Authors: Kumawat Neha , Prajapat Ramesh , Meena Pooja , Meena Shashi
Published: December 2023

Background & objectives:

Vector-borne diseases are a significant issue for public health worldwide, especially in India. In recent years, high number of dengue and chikungunya cases have been reported from Rajasthan state of India, those are principally transmitted by Aedes aegypti. These vectors are extremely intrusive and can thrive in practically any climate. However, vector mosquitos’ prevalence in Jaipur district is not properly documented. Therefore, current research was carried out to ascertain the seasonal fluctuations of Aedes aegypti in Jaipur city, Rajasthan, India.

Methods:

In order to ascertain the seasonal variation, monitoring of Aedes mosquitoes was conducted from August 2021 to July 2022 at nine selected regions in the Jaipur city. The breeding capacity of vectors was evaluated using three vector indices: the House Index, Breteau Index, and Container Index.

Results:

A total of 2172 out of 6336 breeding sites and 3735 out of 7477 containers were found positive for Aedes species. Three important species of Aedes vectors were collected in which Aedes aegypti was reported as the most prevalent. The highest values for House Index (57.60%) and Container Index (54.95%) were observed in October and the least rate was observed in March.

Interpretation & conclusion:

This survey was carried out to investigate the seasonal prevalence of dengue vectors and the findings revealed seasonal fluctuations in the indices of Aedes reproducing potential. This calls for precautionary actions to avoid infection rates and epidemic emergence. Therefore, to stop epidemics and eradicate vector-borne infections, the current study recommends close monitoring and further vector management efforts.
Pan-cancer analysis of the spectrum of homologous recombination DNA repair (HRR) pathway genes in the Indian population: A retrospective observational study
Authors: Parween Nasreen , Gupta Trisha Dutta , Subramanyam Paridhy Vanniya , Tanwar Nishtha Ajit Singh , Narayana Archana S , Hussain Shabnam , Fathima Nusrath , Rangan Saranya , Prakash Ashwini , Jayaraman Sharanya , Javle Vyomesh , Gowda Pooja , Anju K , Varghese Linu , Sreekanthreddy Peddagangannagari , Nagarkar Raj , Chithrathara G , Vinusarathy  , Ranade Rohit Raghunath , Kolluru Saikrishna , Srinivasan Sankar , Shrestha Sudip , Patil Tushar , Maniar Vashisht , Joshi Ashish , Biswas Sutapa , Subuddhi Ganesh Chandra , Biswas Ghanashyam , Thirumalairaj Raja , Joshi Amit , Rishi Kshitij D , Goswami Hitesh M , Veldore Vidya H
Published: December 2023

Background:

Homologous recombinant repair (HRR) deficit and the associated sensitivity to poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPi) has been well studied in breast, ovarian, prostate, and pancreatic cancers, but very little is known about it in other cancer types.

Objectives:

We sought to understand the spectrum of HRR mutations in various cancer types, with the goal of identifying therapeutic targets in lesser-explored cancers.

Materials and Methods:

In this retrospective study conducted between January 2021 and December 2022, we analyzed a cohort of 659 patients with various cancer types with mutations in 15 HRR genes using next generation sequencing, at 4baseCare Onco Solutions Pvt. Ltd., Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.

Results:

We identified a total of 825 gene variants, including 366 likely pathogenic/pathogenic mutations (44.4%), with BRCA1 (196 variants; 22.8%), BRCA2 (183 variants; 21.3%), and ATM (157 variants; 18.3%) being prevalent. Germline and somatic mutations were prevalent in BRCA1 (114 variants; 60.3%) and BRCA2 (46 variants; 24%), respectively. Recurrent mutations were identified in 8 genes, including BRCA1,
BRCA2, BRIP1, BARD1, CDK12, CHEK2, PALB2 and RAD54L. BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations were observed in breast, gynecologic, and musculoskeletal cancers; ATM and BRCA2 in gastrointestinal and biliary tract cancers, respiratory, and head-and-neck cancers; BRCA2 and CDK12 in genitourinary cancers. Additionally, co-occurring mutations (in genes such as BRCA1-BRIP1, ATM-BRCA2, ATM-BRIP1) and known therapeutically significant mutations were identified.

Conclusions:

The presence of therapeutically significant HRR mutations across a broad spectrum of cancer types in our study suggests that these mutations can possibly be targeted, especially in cancers where there is a paucity of therapeutic targets. Further, non-BRCA HRR genes, such as ATM and CDK12, could play a more prominent role than previously recognized.
Sacituzumab govitecan: A narrative drug review
Authors: Pandey Praful , Gogia Ajay
Published: December 2023

Breast cancer is the most common cancer worldwide. Advanced triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has a poorer outcome as compared to human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) or hormone receptor-driven cancers. Although checkpoint inhibitors, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPi), and trastuzumab deruxtecan have improved outcomes in a subset of patients, the efficacy of cytotoxic chemotherapy beyond the frontline setting remains abysmal. Sacituzumab, an antibody-drug conjugate against Trop2, has shown efficacy in metastatic TNBC, among other cancers, and is a promising agent in this setting. To prepare this review, we searched various websites, including the European Medicines Agency, Drug Manual, United States Food and Drug Administration, PubMed, and Science Direct, using the search term, “Sacituzumab govitecan.” We shortlisted 337 articles that had been published between January 1, 2017 and August 15, 2023, of which 60 were included. This review discusses the clinical indications, adverse effects, safety, pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, and the key research trials that investigated the use of sacituzumab govitecan.
A cross-sectional comparative study of self-compassion, body perception, and post-traumatic growth in women diagnosed with breast cancer versus those without a cancer diagnosis
Authors: Kaplan Şervan , Bahayi Kader , Faraji Haydeh
Published: December 2023

Background:

The diagnosis of breast cancer is a traumatic experience that might have a psychological impact on patients. Studies have revealed that self-compassion is significantly related to body image and post-traumatic growth.

Objectives:

We aimed to compare the relationship between self-compassion, post-traumatic growth, and body image between healthy individuals and patients with breast cancer.

Materials and Methods:

This study was designed as a causal-comparative model and was conducted between May 8, 2022, and June 15, 2022, via open social media platforms. We enrolled women aged 18-65 years who resided in Mersin, Türkiye. Our cohort consisted of women with breast cancer and a control group of healthy women who had not been diagnosed with breast cancer. We used the Post-Traumatic Growth Inventory, Self-Compassion Scale, the Body Cathexis Scale, and sociodemographic data forms for collecting information from participants.

Results:

We enrolled 174 participants; 80 patients with breast cancer, and 94 healthy controls. Self-compassion showed a higher prediction for post-traumatic growth in the group of patients with breast cancer (P < 0.001), whereas it showed a higher prediction for body image in the group of healthy individuals (P < 0.001). In patients with breast cancer, changes in relationships with others (P, 0.032) were higher, while body perception (P < 0.001) and self-compassion (P, 0.046) were lower than in individuals without a diagnosis of breast cancer. Furthermore, we found that patients with breast cancer who perceived that they had been provided with sufficient disease-related information showed higher scores on the self-compassion scale (P, 0.013).

Conclusions:

Self-compassion is an internal resource that can aid women in adjusting to the physical and psychological changes resulting from cancer or any kind of traumatic experience. Furthermore, self-compassion can be a solution for body dissatisfaction.
Durable Clinical Benefit after Dual Checkpoint Inhibition and Single-agent Nivolumab Following Pembrolizumab Failure in Mismatch Repair-deficient Colon Cancer
Authors: Chow Yat-Fung , Cheng Hou-Hsuan , Chen Ming-Huang
Published: December 2023

Immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is beneficial in treating tumors with high microsatellite instability or DNA mismatch repair deficiency (dMMR) tumors. However, the ideal therapy for patients with advanced dMMR cancer after the failure of the first ICI regimen remains unclear. This case report describes a patient with dMMR ascending colon cancer who later developed endometrial cancer. The patient underwent a sequence of immunotherapies, starting with pembrolizumab, followed by a combination of ipilimumab and nivolumab and finally single-agent nivolumab. This sequence led to a prolonged period of disease control exceeding 20 months. The case highlights the potential benefits of dual checkpoint inhibition and sequential ICI regimens in managing advanced dMMR tumors even after first-line ICI failure; this combination is a promising strategy to explore in future research.
Clear cell urothelial carcinoma of bladder: Case report of a rare and aggressive variant with review of literature
Authors: Sahetia Khushboo M. , Dave Vinayak N. , Pal Mahendra , Menon Santosh
Published: December 2023

Clear cell urothelial carcinoma is a rare variant of urothelial carcinoma. It’s recognition and accurate diagnosis are essential in deciding appropriate treatment protocols considering the prognosis of this variant. A 57-year-old male presented with a history of hematuria and lower urinary tract symptoms for 6 months. Microscopically, the tumor was arranged in sheets and had a nested pattern. The tumor was composed of round to polygonal cells with abundant clear cytoplasm (>90% clear cell differentiation), resembling a conventional clear renal cell carcinoma. On special stain, the tumor was positive for periodic acid–Schiff (PAS) and negative for periodic acid–Schiff with diastase (PAS-D) and mucicarmine stain. The urothelial origin of clear cells was confirmed by positivity for GATA Binding protein 3(GATA3) and High Molecular Weight Cytokeratin (HMWCK) immunohistochemistry and negativity for NK3 homeobox 1(NKX3.1), Prostate specific antigen (PSA) and Paired box gene 8 (PAX8) immunohistochemistry.
Screening for hearing loss using the electronic whisper test: A prospective cross-sectional study
Authors: Purnami Nyilo , Palandeng Rian Waraney , Nugroho Puguh Setyo , Falerina Rosa , Wiyadi H. M. S. , Arifianto Dhany , Moon In Seok
Published: December 2023

Background:

Hearing screening is a method for early identification of hearing loss. Hearing screening is widely used in hospitals as part of physical examination. However, some of them are difficult to operate outside the hospitals regarding portability and user-friendliness. Therefore, we developed a simple yet easy-to-use portable electronic whisper test (EWT) for field deployment, particularly on many subjects. The EWT validity is a hearing screening method compared to pure-tone audiometry.

Methods:

This study was a cross-sectional comparative with a prospective approach. The subjects were outpatients at the Audiology Clinic of Dr. Soetomo Academic Medical Center, Surabaya, Indonesia, who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Statistical analysis made sensitivity and specificity tables using a 2 × 2 table, positive and negative predictive values.

Results:

Samples of 50 participants (100 ears) obtained a sensitivity value of 83%, specificity of 78%, positive predictive value of 45%, and negative predictive value of 95%.

Conclusions:

The EWT is valid for use as a hearing screening method.
A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials with trial sequence analysis of remdesivir for COVID-19 treatment
Authors: Patnaik Rupali , Chandramouli Tatikonda , Mishra Shakti Bedanta
Published: December 2023

Remdesivir is one of the proposed therapies for the corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19). To assess the effect of remdesivir on mortality, need for invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), time to clinical improvement, and significant adverse effects. The study protocol was prospectively registered with The International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (Registration #CRD42021283221). Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published in English detailing use of remdesivir in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 were included. Primary outcome was in hospital mortality among patients receiving remdesivir. Secondary outcomes were need for IMV and ECMO, time to clinical recovery, and significant adverse effects associated with remdesivir. Odds ratios (ORs) of worse outcome with 95% confidence interval (CI) in a forest plot were used to show the results of random effects meta-analysis. Remdesivir and placebo had similar in hospital mortality in the pooled analysis of five RCTs (OR: 0.93, 95% CI: 0.82–1.06). The remdesivir group needed less IMV/ECMO (OR: 0.59, 95% CI: 0.46–0.76) and recovered 1.06 days faster than placebo. Remdesivir did not affect transaminitis or renal damage. Trial sequence analysis showed that death has not reached the number of instances needed to predict futility. This meta-analysis shows that remdesivir therapy for COVID-19 is not associated with a mortality benefit. However, there is significant reduction in the need for IMV/ECMO.