bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The urological complications of vaginal birth after cesarean (VBAC) – a literature review
Authors: Varlas Valentin Nicolae ,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Rhazi Yassin ,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Georgiana Bors Roxana ,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Penes Ovidiu ,   Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Bucharest Emergency University Hospital, Bucharest, Romania,   Ovidiu Penes, Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Bucharest Emergency University Hospital, Bucharest, Romania. E-mail: ovidiu.penes@umfcd.ro, Radavoi Daniel ,   Department of Urology, Prof. Dr. Theodor Burghele Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
Published: October 2021

The appearance of urological complications is a major problem in obstetrics and gynecologic surgery; the bladder is the most common damaged organ. Due to a continuous increase in the rate of cesareans, the incidence of urologic complications will be potentially higher. We reviewed the most important risk factors for urinary tract injury and analyzed the strategies necessary to avoid these situations during vaginal birth after cesarean (VBAC). The risks and benefits of VBAC should be balanced before deciding the mode of delivery.
Ko iedzīvotāji un pašvaldības deputāti gaida no sociālajiem darbiniekiem?
Authors:   Rīgas Stradiņa universitāte, Labklājības un sociālā darba katedra, Lotko Marika , Rutmane Evija ,   Rīgas Stradiņa universitāte; Lielvārdes novada sociālais dienests
Published: October 2021

Rīgas Stradiņa universitātē maģistra darba izstrādes gaitā veiktā pētījuma “Iedzīvotāju un pašvaldības deputātu gaidas no sociālajiem darbiniekiem” mērķis bija izpētīt iedzīvotāju un pašvaldības deputātu gaidas no sociālajiem darbiniekiem. Balstoties uz 2016. gadā Jaunzēlandē veikto Barbaras Stenifortas (Barbara Staniforth), Lizas Bedo (Liz Beddoe) un Kelsijas Dīnas (Kelsey Deane) pētījumu, kurā sabiedrības izpratne par sociālo darbu tika salīdzināta ar to, ko sociālie darbinieki gaida no sabiedrības izpratnē par sociālo darbu un sociālajiem darbiniekiem, tika pētīts sociālo darbinieku viedoklis par to, kādas, pēc viņu domām, ir iedzīvotāju un deputātu gaidas no sociālajiem darbiniekiem. Pētījums notika no 2018. gada marta līdz maijam maģistra darba ietvaros (autore – sociālā darba maģistre un izglītības zinātņu maģistre Evija Rutmane, vadītāja – sociālā darba maģistre Marika Lotko). Vienā pašvaldībā tika aptaujāti 97 pašvaldības iedzīvotāji, septiņi novada sociālā dienesta sociālie darbinieki, kā arī notika padziļinātas intervijas ar pieciem pašvaldības deputātiem. Iegūtie rezultāti liecina, ka gan pašvaldības deputātiem, gan novada iedzīvotājiem ir neadekvātas, nerealizējamas gaidas no sociālajiem darbiniekiem, tomēr sociālo darbinieku veikums tiek vērtēts pozitīvi un atzīts par sabiedrībai nozīmīgu. Savukārt sociālo darbinieku aptaujas rezultāti liecina, ka viņi uzskata, ka iedzīvotāji un pašvaldības deputāti sociālo darbinieku veikumu vērtē negatīvāk, nekā tas ir realitātē.
BOBİ FRS Konusunda Türkiye’de Yapılan Lisansüstü Tezlere ilişkin Bir Araştırma
Authors: DOĞAN Burcu , ERCAN Cuma
Published: October 2021

Kamu Gözetimi, Muhasebe ve Denetim Standartları Kurumu (KGK), 29 Temmuz 2017 tarihinde Büyük ve Orta Boy İşletmeler için Finansal Raporlama Standardı (BOBİ FRS) yayınlamış ve 1 Ocak 2018 tarihinden itibaren uygulanmasını zorunlu tutmuştur. Bu çalışmanın gayesi, BOBİ FRS ile ilgili olarak yazılan lisansüstü tezleri farklı değişkenlere göre incelemektir. Çalışma, 2018-2020 yılları arasında BOBİ FRS’ye ilişkin olarak yükseköğretim kurulu tez dokümantasyon merkezi (YÖK TEZ) veri tabanına kayıtlı yüksek lisans ve doktora tezlerini kapsamaktadır. Araştırmada veri toplama tekniği olarak tarama modeli kullanılmıştır. BOBİ FRS konusunda hazırlanan lisansüstü tezler YÖK Tez kayıtlarından “BOBİ FRS” anahtar sözcüğü ile araştırılmıştır. Veri analizinde ise kategorik data analizi tekniklerinden içerik analizi kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda, üç yıllık süre zarfında BOBİ FRS ile ilgili olarak birisi doktora düzeyinde olmak üzere toplam 24 adet tez yazıldığı tespit edilmiştir. BOBİ FRS ile ilgili en fazla tezin 2019 yılında yazıldığı, en fazla tez çalışmasının Marmara Üniversitesi’nde tamamlandığı, tamamlanan tezlerin hepsinin Türkçe dilinde yazıldığı, tez danışmanlarının en çok Doçent Dr. unvanına sahip olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca en fazla çalışmanın hasılat ve stok konularında yapıldığı, tezlerde en fazla “örnek muhasebe kayıtları ve inceleme” yönteminin kullanıldığı saptanmıştır.
Compressor equipment for enhancing efficiency of solid organic waste processing plants
Authors:   JSC «Compressor», Burakov A. V. , Kotlov A. A. ,   JSC «Compressor», Levikhin A. A. ,   Baltic State Technical University «VOENMEH» named after D. F. Ustinov
Published: October 2021

The article describes the experience of the Compressor holding company in the creation of compressor equipment for various industries. The use of compressors as part of complexes for the processing of organic waste in the framework of solving urgent environmental problems has been demonstrated. The process of compression of synthesis gas to increase the efficiency of the processing process has been investigated. To ensure stable parameters, reliable operation of syngas reciprocating compressors is required in wide ranges of operating parameters. Ensuring the operability of the compressor in wide ranges of parameter variation requires multivariate calculations in order to find the best design parameters of the compressor. A compressor is proposed for the most efficient implementation of the task and its characteristics are calculated.
To the 35th anniversary of the Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution. New frontiers of health management
Authors:   Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Moscow, Russian Federation, Chukhrayov A.M. , Khodzhaev N.S. ,   Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Moscow, Russian Federation, Sarkizova M.B. ,   Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Moscow, Russian Federation, Lapshina T.A. ,   Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: October 2021

The article describes the history of the creation of the Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution from a problem laboratory to the present day, namely, functioning as a national medical research center. The final figures for medical and scientific work, educational activities are presented. The Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution as an NMRC closely interacts with medical institutions of the assigned territories. cooperates closely with medical institutions in the assigned territories. Active benchmarking, continuous monitoring of ophthalmic care, analytical, organizational, methodological work, development of telemedicine. Each year, the Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution performs more than 320 thousand operations and more than 1.5 million consultations. Over 35 years, about 25 million consultations and more than 7.5 million operations have been performed and more than 8 million patients have been treated. The share of the Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution in the volume of ophthalmic surgical care provided in Russia is 37%. More than 15 thousand children undergo surgery in the centers for children of the Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution every year. 35 years: 400 thousand foreign patients from 120 countries. A surge in online conferences. 2019: about four thousand conference participants. 2020: more than ten thousand. Institute of Continuing Professional Education with well-equipped WETLAB simulation operating rooms. Every year, 150 residents and postgraduates; training cycles – 600 ophthalmologists. Key words: history of the Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, national medical research center, benchmarking, Institute of Continuing Professional Education, WETLAB, medical tourism, socially significant diseases, children's center, mobile ophthalmological complexes
Modern view of using gonioassociated trabeculotomy
Authors:   Pirogov National Medical Surgical Center, Moscow, Russian Federation, Fayzrakhmanov R.R. ,   Institute of Advanced Training of Physicians, Pirogov National Medical Surgical Center, Moscow, Russian Federation, Kalinin M.E. ,   Institute of Advanced Training of Physicians, Pirogov National Medical Surgical Center, Moscow, Russian Federation, Shishkin M.M. ,   Pirogov National Medical Surgical Center, Moscow, Russian Federation,   Institute of Advanced Training of Physicians, Pirogov National Medical Surgical Center, Moscow, Russian Federation, Pavlovskiy O.A. ,   Pirogov National Medical Surgical Center, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: October 2021

Purpose. Provide data on the use of gonioscopy-assisted transluminal trabeculotomy (GATT), reflecting its effectiveness and safety when using this technique in various patient models. Material and methods. To perform the review, literature sources which were searched through the PubMed and Scopus databases up to and including 2021, using the keywords "gonioassociated trabeculotomy", "minimally invasive glaucoma surgery", "primary open-angle glaucoma", "glaucoma", "secondary glaucoma". A total of 19 articles related to the topic of the review were selected. The beginning of publications on this topic dates back to 2013. Results. GATT can be used at various stages of glaucoma, but at the same time, the maximum effect of lowering intraocular pressure (IOP) is achieved in patients with an early or middle stage of glaucoma. There are also good results of using the GATT technique after vitreoretinal surgery, with the development of secondary glaucoma or ophthalmic hypertension. One of the advantages of GATT is that all manipulations are performed in the anterior chamber, which in turn makes it possible, if necessary, to perform reoperation after an unsuccessful ad-externo trabeculotomy without re-traumatizing the sclera and conjunctiva. It should be noted that the main complication in all studies is the hyphema, which is completely absorbed within a few days. Conclusion. Based on these studies, it can be concluded that the proposed GATT technique is relevant, and meets all modern standards of minimally invasive glaucoma surgery (MIGS): micro-incision, minimal trauma, is able to effectively reduce IOP, has a high level of safety and quick recovery. Key words: glaucoma, primary open-angle glaucoma, secondary glaucoma, gonioassociated trabeculotomy, minimally invasive glaucoma surgery, surgical treatment of glaucoma
NIVEL DE SATISFACCIÓN EN ESTUDIANTES DE ENFERMERIA RESPECTO AL DESEMPEÑO DOCENTE EN LA PRÁCTICA COMUNITARIA Y HOSPITALARIA. USS, 2019
Authors: Puicón Chávez Elena Rosmery
Published: October 2021

El objetivo de esta investigación fue determinar la relación entre el desempeño docente y la satisfacción del estudiante de enfermería en las prácticas comunitaria y hospitalaria USS, 2019, para lo cual se utilizó un enfoque descriptivo junto a un diseño no experimental, donde la población y la muestra estuvieron formadas por un total de 72 docentes de la escuela profesional de enfermería de la Universidad Señor de Sipán, y por un total 534 estudiantes de la escuela profesional de enfermería de la Universidad Señor de Sipán, que se encuentran llevando los cursos de prácticas comunitarias y hospitalarias desde el segundo hasta el octavo ciclo, y donde el instrumento de investigación utilizado fue el cuestionario. Entre las principales conclusiones, tenemos que la relación entre el desempeño docente y la satisfacción del estudiante de enfermería en las prácticas comunitarias y hospitalarias USS 2019, equivale a 0.782 y puede ser interpretado como un grado de correlación positiva o directa alta entre las dos variables en estudio, y a medida que haya un mejor nivel de desempeño docente, también habrá una mejora por parte del estudiante de enfermería en las prácticas comunitaria y hospitalaria.
MODELOS PEDAGÓGICOS COMO ESTRATEGIA ORGANIZATIVA ANTE LA MULTIMODALIDAD EDUCATIVA EN EDUCACIÓN SUPERIOR
Authors: Pérez Juárez María Del Rayo Isabel
Published: October 2021

La pertinencia de contar con un modelo pedagógico que acompañe al educativo y curricular de un proyecto de educación superior, se hace evidente ante la diversificación de las modalidades educativas, en donde actualmente, uno de los desafíos consiste en promover aprendizajes prácticos y heurísticos desde la virtualidad. Caracterizar y socializar los modelos pedagógicos en educación superior desde la voz de los académicos a través de metodologías cualitativas como la etnografía, puede constituirse como un recurso para la consolidación de los objetivos formativos declarados en la misión institucional. El artículo relata una parte de la experiencia de la investigación doctoral “Modelos pedagógicos comprensivos: la construcción de ciudadanía a través de la formación integral”donde se exponen los hallazgos derivados de su objetivo, centrado en investigar las prácticas desplegadas por los docentes para mediar aprendizajes en Educación superior; esto se logró mediante la utilización de la etnografía, metodología cualitativa que desde la voz y perspectiva de los involucrados, ofrece aportes para caracterizar las mediaciones, aproximar una categorización de ellas y proponer alternativas para la consolidación de modelos pedagógicos capaces, entre otras cosas, de organizar la multimodalidad educativa y las modalidades de aprendizaje de los planes y programas de estudio que es lo que se destaca en esta oportunidad.
GESTIÓN DEL ESTRÉS ANTES - DURANTE EL CONFINAMIENTO COVID 19 PARA MEJORAR DESEMPEÑO DOCENTE EN EDUCACION BÁSICA REGULAR
Authors: Flores Fernández Mileydi , Llanos Díaz Elmer , Rodríguez Tejeda Natalia Isabel , Salazar Cumpa Mónica Isabel
Published: October 2021

La investigación aborda el tema de Estrés y desempeño docente en el Colegio emblemático Cruz de Chalpón, Motupe en el año 2019 su objetivo fue determinar la influencia del estrés en el desempeño de los docentes, fue cuasi experimental, aplicativa al intervenir con plan para gestionar el estrés y optimizar el desempeño laboral, la población muestral fueron 42 docentes, por criterio de inclusión todos los docentes vinculados laboralmente en la institución educativa y exclusión, los trabajadores no docentes. Los resultados han sido significativos ya que se pudo evidenciar por correlación de Pearson donde R es igual a 0.751 (relación directa alta) y de acuerdo al valor Sig. (bilateral) igual a 0,01 < 0.05, y se aceptó la hipótesis orientado a reducir el nivel de estrés mediante la implementación de talleres de autorregulación y gestión de estrés en los docentes de la I.E. Cruz de Chalpón de Motupe y de esa manera mejorar su desempeño docente. Los niveles de estrés encontrados, en la aplicación del pre test, se califican    de Alto nivel, los cuales se redujeron hasta llegar a calificarse como Bajo nivel de estrés, en la aplicación del pos test, valoraciones de acuerdo al cuadro de valoración de la OIT – OMS trayendo como consecuencia que el desempeño de los docentes sea satisfactorio, por tanto, se concluye que hay asociación significativa entre el estrés y el desempeño docente. Se recomienda implementar planes contemplen la gestión para gestionar el estrés laboral de los docentes y optimizar su desempeño.
CONDUCTAS DE ADICCIÓN A VIDEOS JUEGOS Y SU RELACIÓN CON LA AGRESIVIDAD EN ESTUDIANTES DE SECUNDARIA
Authors: Guevara Coronel Geiner Iván , Valladolid Benavides Anita Maribel , Fernández Bonilla Lino Elías , Olaya Becerra Cruz Emérita , La Rosa Feijoo Oscar Calixto
Published: October 2021

El estudio, planteó como objetivo “encontrar la relación entre la adicción a los juegos de video y la agresividad en los estudiantes del primer año de secundaria,”. La metodología empleada, fue descriptiva correlacional, la cantidad del trabajo, estuvo compuesta por 49 estudiantes comprendidos entre los 11 y 12 años de edad; los recursos empleados para evaluar el comportamiento de las variables, fueron: “el test de dependencia a videojuegos”, el cual tiene una confiabilidad de 0.79; así también se empleó el cuestionario de agresión, que se adaptó y estandarizó a la realidad de nuestro país, con confiabilidad 0.83”. Los resultados obtenidos mostraron que en los valores sobre la variable adicción a los video juegos, el nivel es normal y leve; en la variable agresividad, se encontró que los niveles son bajos y muy bajos señalándose que los estudiantes no presentan conductas de agresividad. La conclusión indica que “existe relación entre las variables estudiadas en la población participante” obteniéndose índice de correlación de Pearson de 0,777, mostrando una relación positiva significativa entre la población de estudio.
CONTROL SIMULTÁNEO Y SU INCIDENCIA EN LA GESTIÓN DE LA MUNICIPALIDAD PROVINCIAL DE CHICLAYO
Authors: Suárez Santa Cruz Liliana , Chapoñan Ramírez Edgard
Published: October 2021

La investigación tuvo por objeto principal, evaluar la influencia del control simultáneo en la administración de la Municipalidad Provincial de Chiclayo. El enfoque de investigación fue cuantitativo, el diseño no experimental y el alcance explicativa. Se aplicaron las técnicas de encuesta y análisis documental. La muestra estuvo integrada por el personal del Órgano de Control Institucional, Gerentes de unidades orgánicas, sub Gerentes y Jefes de oficinas de la entidad. Entre los resultados obtenidos, el personal de OCI cumplió con iniciar las actividades detalladas en el plan de acción, en la fase de ejecución identificó riesgos respecto de los cuales, el titular de la institución debe proporcionar acciones preventivas y en la última etapa, elaboró información referida al control simultáneo en el que expone de forma objetiva y concreta las situaciones que colocan en detrimento el logro de los objetivos del procedimiento en curso. Asimismo, durante la ejecución en las formas de control simultáneo en el año 2019, identificó un total de 180 riesgos entre los cuales, 103 riesgos fueron mitigados, 39 aceptados y 38 sin acción. Respecto a la gestión municipal, los funcionarios públicos perciben que el personal no es frecuentemente capacitado, así como la ejecución de los proyectos de inversión pública se realizan de forma deficiente, compra de bienes y prestación de servicios no se realiza conforme al plan anual de contrataciones, los ingresos recaudados a través de los impuestos municipales no se administran de manera eficiente y eficaz en la ejecución de la inversión.
Educational Policies During the Lockdown: Measures in Spain after Covid-19
Authors: Díez-Gutiérrez Enrique-Javier , Gajardo Espinoza Katherine
Published: October 2021

The pandemic has disrupted students’ lives, learning, and well-being worldwide and exacerbated existing disparities in education. Countries have unevenly followed policy recommendations to ensure education by non-governmental agencies, and in some cases, political and economic ideology has directly influenced the decisions taken, Spain being a case in point. The instructions and regulations published in April 2020 in Spain are analysed and compared in order to regulate the end of the school year, its evaluation, and the start of the new year, given the situation of suspension of classes during and the confinement of the Spanish population decreed due to the Covid-19 pandemic. The 20 documents published by the Autonomous Communities of Spain are subjected to critical discourse analysis. Their approaches and the aspects they highlight or ignore are examined to identify the different models of education that each region defends in times of crisis. There are significant differences between conservative and progressive regions, the latter being more inclined to implement the recommendations of non-governmental organisations.
The Covid-19 Learning Crisis as a Challenge and an Opportunity for Schools: An Evidence Review and Conceptual Synthesis of Research-Based Tools for Sustainable Change
Authors: Hofmann Riikka , Arenge Gabrielle , Dickens Siobhan , Marfan Javiera , Ryan Mairead , Tiong Ngee Derk , Radia Bhaveet , Janik Blaskova Lenka
Published: October 2021

This paper advances our understanding of how schools can become change agents capable of transforming local practice to address the challenges arising from the Covid-19 pandemic. It presents a novel application of cultural-historical activity theory to reinterpret evidence on widespread learning loss and increasing educational inequities resulting from the pandemic, and to identify scalable transformative learning opportunities through reframing the crisis as a double stimulation. By reviewing evidence of the emerging educational landscape, we first develop a picture of the new ‘problem space’ upon which schools must act. We develop a problem space map to serve as the first stimulus to articulate local challenges. Integrating this problem space with research on professional change, we identify conceptual tools to capture learning gaps and implement pedagogic interventions at scale, in order to enhance schools’ agency in directly addressing the crisis. These tools can act as the second stimulus, enabling educators to address local challenges. We conclude by discussing the Covid-19 educational crisis as a unique stimulus for professional learning and outline the potential for durable shifts in educational thinking and practice beyond the pandemic. We argue that this unprecedented historic disruption can be harnessed as a transformative professional learning opportunity. In particular, we consider how research on professional change offers local, scalable interventions and tools that can support educators in preventing the new insights from ‘slipping away’ post-pandemic. Utilising the notions of boundaries and tool-mediated professional change, we examine the ways in which this disruption generates opportunities to envision alternative futures for equitable learning in school.
Physics Teaching in Croatian Elementary and High Schools during the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Štibi Ivana , Pavlin Jerneja , Čepič Mojca
Published: October 2021

In spring 2020, 916 elementary schools and 443 high schools were closed in Croatia due to the Covid-19 pandemic and remote teaching was introduced. This had an impact on physics teaching as an experimental subject. In addition to positive aspects concealed in new experiences and work perspectives, the sudden transition from conventional face-to-face teaching to a remote format had an undeniable negative impact on physics teaching in elementary and high schools. In order to mitigate the effects and provide a detailed insight into the problems that arose during this transition, we conducted a quantitative study among teachers of physics in elementary and high schools in Croatia, with the aim of identifying logistical and technical problems and challenges in physics teaching during the Covid-19 pandemic. An online questionnaire with five parts (general data, teaching physics during the Covid-19 pandemic, experiments, sociological component, exchange of experience) was completed by 178 Croatian teachers. The results irrefutably point to the flexibility and responsiveness of physics teachers, an increase in the teachers’ workload, a lack of the experimental work that forms an essential part of the subject of physics, and a lack of teacher knowledge (in ICT), skills and equipment for conducting distance teaching. However, it also emerged that online teaching, if carefully designed and individualised, can stimulate additional commitment and interest in the subject among students. The paper presents the research findings in detail, with the aim of helping physics teachers to plan further teaching more effectively as and if the pandemic progresses.
Challenge Accepted: Experiences of Turkish Faculty Members at the Time of Emergency Remote Teaching
Authors: Karataş Faik Özgür , Akaygun Sevil , Çelik Suat , Kokoç Mehmet , Yılmaz Sevgi Nur
Published: October 2021

The Covid-19 pandemic caught everyone unprepared. Higher education institutions were expected to be the least affected due to their long history of distance education, which has enabled the development of expertise and technical infrastructure, but were they? The present study focuses on faculty members’ experiences at the time of emergency remote teaching and afterwards. The survey method was devised to conduct the study. An online questionnaire called the Emergency Remote Teaching Views Questionnaire was developed by the researchers and administered at higher education institutions throughout Turkey. With a combination of convenience and snowball sampling, 351 faculty members from 72 different public and private higher education institutions were reached. The descriptive analysis of the data revealed that almost 62% of the faculty members had never taken any form of training regarding online distance education before the Covid-19 pandemic. Although one fifth of the faculty members indicated that they had had distance education experience three times or more before the pandemic, around 62% of them encountered remote teaching for the first time. Many faculty members indicated that they spent more time on remote teaching than face-to-face teaching; they had trouble following students’ development; the students were disinterested in the classes; they had technical problems, but they also received support from their institutions. Although only one fourth of the faculty members reported being unsure about the quality of their remote teaching, three fourths of them believed that it was not as fruitful as face-to-face teaching. This was especially evident in the area of assessment and evaluation. Based on these results, it can be concluded that higher education institutions were caught unprepared, but their adaptation was very quick.
The Opinion of Slovene (Mother Tongue) Teachers on Distance Learning in Primary Schools
Authors: Petek Tomaž
Published: October 2021

The Slovene language has several roles in the educational process in the Republic of Slovenia, including its role as a subject in the curriculum in its own right. It is a basic general education subject in public primary schools and has the most hours of all of the subjects. All teachers were forced to teach remotely for the first time in the history of education (first during the 2019/20 school year and then in the 2020/21 school year) during the Covid-19 coronavirus pandemic. The results of a survey comprising 348 teachers with the ability to teach the mother tongue at primary school level (grades 1–9 of primary school; 59% were class curriculum teachers and 41% were Slovene language teachers) show, among other things, that teachers mostly have a good attitude towards distance teaching and feel empowered for this type of teaching, although they feel that this method makes them mentally and physically more tired than teaching in the classroom. Among the advantages of distance teaching, teachers mention the greater use of modern information and communication technology, more use of e-material and the opportunity for formal monitoring of students. In their opinion, the biggest problems of distance teaching (of the Slovene language) include: lack of student participation; lack of non-verbal communication, thus creating difficulties in understanding; and technical issues. Most teachers believe that students acquire less knowledge or far less knowledge by distance education than they would from education in the classroom. Teachers who feel more empowered to teach remotely also have a better attitude towards teaching their mother tongue and are more satisfied with the communication aspect with students in distant teaching. Teachers who have received the necessary training for distance teaching as part of their work feel more empowered to teach this way than teachers who have not had such training.
Mapping the Evidence on Human Milk Fortification and Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Outcomes among Low Birth Weight Infants: A Scoping Review
Authors: Maduranayagam Sharleen , Pinto Sasha , Chiaromonte Leora
Published: October 2021

Introduction: Preterm and low birth weight infants receiving a diet of human milk require fortification with protein, carbohydrates, vitamins, and minerals due to missed growth and nutrient accretion that would otherwise occur in utero. Although rapid catch-up growth improves anthropometric and neurodevelopmental indices, research has suggested that accelerated postnatal growth may be associated with poor long-term cardiometabolic outcomes.
Methods: We conducted a scoping review to map the evidence on human milk fortification and cardiometabolic risk factors and outcomes among low birth weight infants. We searched Ovid Medline, Ovid Embase, CINAHL, and Web of Science from inception to June 2021 and examined grey literature for relevant referenced articles. Studies were included if they were a primary study focused on fortified human milk and cardiometabolic risk factors or outcomes among low birth weight infants. A modified version of the Cochrane Collaboration Randomized Controlled Trial data collection form guided data collection. We conducted a narrative synthesis of the results structured around the Population, Concept, Context framework.
Results: We included 19 articles (14 randomized controlled trials, three quasi-randomized trials and two cohort studies) on cardiometabolic risk factors among 1,955 low birth weight infants who received fortified human milk. None of the included studies addressed long-term cardiometabolic outcomes. Body weight was the most examined risk factor in all included studies, with 13 studies observing benefit from human milk fortification. Two studies linked rapid growth with cardiometabolic risk factors.
Discussion: The focus across the 19 included studies was the anthropometric advantages of fortified HM among LBW infants. A meta-analysis was not performed for this review, but if completed may yield a different inference.
Conclusion: Limited evidence is available regarding the long-term cardiometabolic outcomes among low birth weight infants who received fortified human milk. Existing literature is focused on the short-term anthropometric benefits of fortification post-hospital discharge. Yet, some reports have linked rapid early postnatal growth with the development of cardiometabolic risk factors later in life. Future studies should explore the long-term cardiometabolic outcomes among low birth weight infants with the goal of optimizing anthropometric and brain growth while minimizing long-term cardiometabolic risk.
THE ADVANTAGE OFTHEWAVELET TRANSFORM IN PROCESSING OF SPEECH SIGNALS
Authors:   Research Institute for the development of digital technologies and artificial intelligence of Uzbekistan, Ibragimova Sayora
Published: October 2021

This work deals with basic theory of wavelet transform and multi-scale analysis of speech signals, briefly reviewed the main differences between wavelet transform and Fourier transform in the analysis of speech signals. The possibilities to use the method of wavelet analysis to speech recognition systems and its main advantages. In most existing systems of recognition and analysis of speech sound considered as a stream of vectors whose elements are some frequency response. Therefore, the speech processing in real time using sequential algorithms requires computing resources with high performance. Examples of how this method can be used when processing speech signals and build standards for systems of recognition.Key words: digital signal processing, Fourier transform, wavelet analysis, speech signal, wavelet transform
Catching the thief: Nectar robbing behaviour by bumblebees on naturalised Fuchsia magellanica in Ireland
Authors: Stanley Dara Anne , Cosnett Emmeline
Published: October 2021

Fuchsia magellanica (Ongaraceae) is a plant with a traditionally ornithopholous pollination system, pollinated primarily by hummingbirds in its native range. As a naturalised alien plant in Ireland, F. magellanica is visited largely by bumblebees, with evidence for nectar robbing behaviour of the long-tubed flowers. We aimed to investigate nectar robbing behaviour of bumblebees on F. magellanica, and in particular whether floral and pollinator traits (size) determined likelihood of nectar robbing. While F. magellanica was visited by a number of bumblebee species, only two with shorter tongue lengths were observed to rob nectar from flowers. Although there was no observed relationship between intra-specific bee body size and nectar robbing behaviour, nectar robbing was observed most frequently in the site with the highest number of bees. Proportions of robbed flowers were low overall and varied between populations, but there was a significant relationship between flower size and whether it was nectar robbed with larger flowers robbed more often. Our work suggests that floral size determines whether a flower-visitor will choose to nectar rob or not in this system. Nectar robbing may also be related to bee density which could suggest this behaviour is driven by competition for resources, or that it is learnt by observing other bees.
Consequences of the high abundance of Bombus terrestris on the pollination of Vicia faba
Authors: Smith Cecilia , Rendón Adriana , Barahona Rodrigo , Moya Wladimir
Published: October 2021

One of the main visitors to Fabia bean crops (Vicia faba) in South America is the invasive bumblebee species Bombus terrestris. This is particularly true in Chile, where B. terrestris was first introduced in 1997 and is now common over much of the country. In this study, we evaluated the activity of the principal pollinators of V. faba over two cropping seasons by assessing their visitation rates while distinguishing between legitimate visits, likely to lead to pollination, and nectar robbery. We then determined the net contribution of insect visitation on pod and seed set. We recorded seven species of floral visitors. Most visits (legitimate visits and robbery) were from the honeybee (Apis mellifera), with B. terrestris being the next most common visitor. In the case of B. terrestris, 87.19% of visits were nectar robbery. On average, the same flower perforation was visited 23 times by B. terrestris during the flower's lifespan. In general, the frequency of legitimate visits varied with pollinator identity and year. For B. terrestris, each flower received an average of 0.95 legitimate visits during its entire lifespan. The time spent by B. terrestris visiting flowers for both nectar robbery or pollen collection decreased after the first day of flowering suggesting resource depletion. The number of pods, total seed number, and seed weight were lower where self rather than open pollination. This suggests that open pollination increased reproductive success. We conclude that B. terrestris was likely to contribute relatively little to pollination while at the same time depleting floral resources throughout the flowers’ lifespan.
Open-top warming chambers reduce animal pollination of two subalpine herbs
Authors: Adamson Carter Perez , Iler Amy
Published: October 2021

Open top chambers (OTCs) are a popular method for studying the biological effects of climate change through passive heating, but their effects on biotic interactions are poorly understood, especially for pollination. Here we use the subalpine plants Delphinium nuttallianum and Potentilla pulcherrima to examine the possibility that the effects of OTCs on plant reproduction are not the result of warming but rather OTCs acting as barriers to pollinator movement. Pollinator observations were conducted and stigmas collected from plants inside and outside of OTCs in a meadow in the Rocky Mountains of Colorado, USA. Very few visitors were observed inside of OTCs, which led to severe reductions in visitation rates, by 92% in Delphinium and 85% in Potentilla. The number of conspecific pollen grains on stigmas was 73% lower in OTCs for Delphinium but not Potentilla, likely because it is capable of autogamous self-pollination. This study clearly shows that OTCs can reduce animal pollination, which is also likely to reduce plant reproductive output of outcrossing plants via decreases in the quantity or quality of pollen. OTCs may therefore confound effects of warming on plant reproduction with pollination effects. Although the unintended effects of OTCs on abiotic conditions are well-studied, this study highlights that their effects on biotic interactions require further investigation.
Pollination and nectar larceny by birds and bees in novel forests of the Hawaiian Islands
Authors: Millikin Pryce W , Case Samuel B. , Tarwater Corey E
Published: October 2021

The extinction of native species and introduction of non-native species may lead to the disruption of biotic interactions. Pollination is a critical ecosystem process that often requires mutualisms between animals and plants. Non-native animals may interact with native flowering plants, with the potential to pollinate or steal nectar (larceny) from flowers without pollination. In the Hawaiian Islands, many native plants have lost their original pollinators. Birds and insects are known to visit native plant flowers, but it is unclear whether they pollinate or steal nectar, whether native and non-native species differ in their interactions with flowers, and what influences visitation to flowers. On Oʻahu, we deployed camera traps and conducted in-person observations on four at-risk species of Hawaiian lobelioids (Campanulaceae). We observed birds, mammals, and insects visiting flowers, with a native bird and native bee visiting most frequently. Regardless of native versus non-native status, bees made contact with reproductive structures during most visits (90.5% of visits), while birds stole nectar during most visits (99.3% of visits). Bee and bird visitation increased with the number of flowers on focal plants. Bird visitation also increased with canopy cover and the number of nearby conspecific flowers and decreased with the number of nearby heterospecific flowers. Our results indicate that bees may pollinate plants that were historically bird-pollinated, while native and non-native birds have neutral or negative impacts on these plants. Broadly, we contribute to an understanding of how native plant pollination can be altered in changing ecosystems.
THE DETECTION OF Anaplasma phagocytophilum AND Babesia vulpes IN SPLEEN SAMPLES OF RED FOX (Vulpes vulpes) IN SLOVENIA
Authors: Strašek Smrdel Katja , Avšič Tatjana
Published: October 2021

The entrance of wild animals into human settings serves as the access of vector-borne pathogens to susceptible hosts. A red fox (Vulpes vulpes) frequently enters and is quite adapted to living in urban and periurban environments. Due to its living habits, it could be a possible source of tick-borne pathogens, but it could also transfer pathogens through bites. One hundred and ten spleen samples from red foxes were screened for the presence of the Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Babesia vulpes genomes with real-time and conventional PCR. Positive PCR products were further sequenced. A genotype of A. phagocytophilum was determined and species of Babesia spp. if possible.Five (4.5%) spleen samples from red fox were positive for A. phagocytophilum DNA. With nucleotide comparison, three genotypes from cluster I were detected. The detected prevalence of B.vulpes in red fox in Slovenia was 76.3%. The parasite was detected in all tested regions of the country. Data from our study suggest that the red fox may have only limited impact on the circulation of the zoonotic genotype of A. phagocytophilum, but it represents a risk of transmission of B. vulpes near human settings and consequently poses a threat to domestic animals.Key words: red fox, Vulpes vulpes, Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Babesia spp., Babesia vulpes, tick-borne pathogens, dogsUGOTAVLJANJE ANAPLAZME (Anaplasma phagocytophilum) IN BABEZIJE (Babesia vulpes) V VZORCIH VRANIC PRI RDEČIH LISICAH (Vulpes vulpes) V SLOVENIJI Izvleček: Prehajanje divjih živali v urbana okolja omogoča prenos klopno prenosljivih patogenih mikroorganizmov do dovzetnih oseb in živali. Navadna rdeča lisica (Vulpes vulpes) pogosto prehaja v okolico bivališč ljudi, prav tako se je že dobro privadila življenju v bližini ljudi. Zaradi svojih življenjskih navad predstavlja možen vir klopno prenosljivih patogenov preko okuženih klopov, lahko tudi preko ugriza živali. Stodeset vzorcev vranic navadne rdeče lisice smo pregledali na prisotnost genoma bakterije Anaplasma phagocytophilum in parazita Babesia spp. Pozitivnim vzorce smo nato določili zaporedje DNK in določili genotip A. phagocytophilum oz. vrsto babezije, kadar je bilo to mogoče. Pet vzorcev vranic (4.5 %) navadne rdeče lisice je bilo pozitivnih na prisotnost genoma A. phagocytophilum. Z določitvijo zaporedja DNK smo določili tri genotipe. Prevalenca okužbe z B. vulpes pri slovenskih lisicah je 76.3 %, določili pa smo jo v vseh statističnih regijah Slovenije. Navadna rdeča lisica ima zelo omejen vpliv na kroženje zoonotskega genotipa A. phagocytophilum. Kljub temu pa predstavlja verjeten vir prenosa parazita B. vulpes v urbana področja in posledično nevarnost za domače živali. Ključne besede: navadna rdeča lisica; Vulpes vulpes; Anaplasma phagocytophilum; Babesia spp.; Babesia vulpes; klopno prenosljivi patogeni mikroorganizmi; psi
Analisis Respon Siswa Terhadap Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Videoscribe Berpendekatan STEM Materi Termodinamika
Authors: Hermawan Mohamad Arif
Published: October 2021

perkembangan era revolusi industri 4.0, berdampak besar terhadap pendidikan yang mengharuskan beradaptasi terhadap kemajuan teknologi yang dapat menunjang pembelajaran. Salah satu yang dapat menunjang pembelajaran yaitu media pembelajaran digital. Salah satu media digital yaitu videoscribe yang merupakan video berbasis animasi  dengan  berlatar atau background berwarna putih seperti papan tulis (Whiteboard). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui respon siswa terhadap pengembangan media pembelajaran videoscribe berpendekatan STEM materi termodinamika. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan merupakan penelitian deskriptif, Langkah penelitian meliputi persiapan (observasi awal, studi literatur, pembuatan media, dan pembuatan instrumen angket respon siswa), pelaksanaan, dan analisis. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan media pembelajaran videoscrib berpendekatan STEM mendapatkan respon siswa sebesar 77,2 % dengan kategori baik.
Disain dan Validitas Multimedia Interaktif Berbasis Konflik Kognitif pada Materi Vektor untuk Kelas X SMA/MA
Authors: Ilahi Tut Dunya Wahyuni , Mufit Fatni , Hidayati Hidayati , Afrizon Renol
Published: October 2021

Penguasaan konsep dan prinsip fisika merupakan salah satu tujuan pembelajaran fisika dalam kurikulum 2013. Namun, kenyataan menunjukkan pemahaman konsep siswa masih rendah dan terjadi miskonsepsi. Ketersediaan bahan ajar berbasis IT untuk meningkatkan pemahaman konsep siswa juga masih kurang. Permasalahan tersebut diatasi degan mengembangkan multimedia interaktif berbasis konflik kognitif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan multimedia interaktif yang dapat meningkatkan pemahaman konsep dan meremediasi miskonsepsi serta menguji validitasnya. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian telah didisain multimedia interaktif berbasis konflik kognitif pada materi vektor dengan karakteristik: (1) multimedia disusun sesuai dengan empat sintak model pembelajaran berbasis konflik kongitif yaitu aktivasi prakonsepsi dan miskonsepsi, penyajian konflik kognitif, penemuan konsep dan persamaan, dan refleksi, yang bertujan untuk meningkatkan pamahaman konsep dan meremediasi miskonsepsi peserta didik pada materi vektor; (2) multimedia menggunakan aplikasi powerpoint dan macromedia flash. Hasil validasi multimedia interakif berbasis konflik kognitif pada materi vektor memiliki nilai kevalidan sebesar 0,83 dengan kategori sangat valid dalam hal substansi materi, desain pembelajaran, tampillan komunikasi visual dan penggunaan softwere pendukung.Kata kunci:Mutimedia interaktif, Model Konflik Kognitif, Vektor, miskonsepsi
Efektivitas Pembelajaran Fisika Daring di Era PAndemi Covid-19 Pada Sekolah yang Kesulitan Akses Internet (Studi Kasus Sekolah di Kabupaten Sumba Barat)
Authors: Talu Marcelina Magi , Kristanto Wahyu Hari , Santhalia Prima Warta
Published: October 2021

Selama pendemi covid-19 melanda di Indonesia, pemerintah menerapkan pembelajaran dalam bentuk daring. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan informasi terkait proses pembelajaran daring di kabupaten Sumba Barat selama pandemi covid-19. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survey. Subjek penelitian ini terdiri dari 3 sekolah di Sumba Barat, yaitu SMA Negeri  1 Wanokaka, SMA Negeri 1 waikabubak, dan SMA Negeri 1 Tanarighu. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah angket yang disebar terhadap siswa yang jurusan IPA dan wawancara. Data yang dikumpulkan dianalisis menggunakan analisis kuantitatif deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa siswa mengalami kesulitan disetiap indikator. Hasil dari SMA Negeri 1 Wanokaka, SMA Negeri 1 waikabubak, dan SMA Negeri 1 Tanarighu berturut-turut yaitu 1) akses materi siswa cenderung sulit dengan persentase  75%, 83%, dan 59%, 2) kemampuan memahami konsep cenderung sulit dengan persentase berturut-turut 80%, 80%, dan 70%, 3) keaktifan siswa dengan persentase berturut-turut 76%, 61%, 69% masih cenderung sulit. 4) Masalah teknis cenderung sulit karena masih banyak siswa tidak memiliki Handphone/Laptop serta jaringan internet yang tidak stabil. Masalah teknis didapatkan persentase berturut-turut 69%, 61%, dan 69%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan pembelajaran daring di era pendemi covid kurang efektif. Rekomendasi penelitian selanjutnya dapat membuat instrument yang beragam tidak hanya membuat instrument mengungkap data kuantitaif, tetapi menggunakan instrument pengungkap data kualitatifKata kunci: Efektifitas, Pembelajaran Daring, Akses Internet
COVID-19 outbreak among French firefighters, Marseille, France, 2020
Authors: Durand Guillaume André , de Laval Franck , de Bonet d’Oléon Albane , Le Flem François Xavier , Morin Yann , Badaut Cyril , Grard Gilda , Brossier Constance , Fossier Marion , Dia Aissata , Letois Flavie , Geulen Manon , Piorkowski Géraldine , Meynard Jean-Baptiste , Peduzzi Frank , Leparc-Goffart Isabelle , Pommier de Santi Vincent
Published: October 2021

We investigated a COVID-19 outbreak at a fire station in Marseille, France. Confirmed cases were defined as individuals with positive SARS-CoV-2 reverse transcription (RT)-PCR and/or neutralising antibodies. All 85 firefighters at work during the outbreak period were included after questioning and sampled for RT-PCR and viral neutralisation assay. Twenty-three firefighters were confirmed positive, 19 of them were symptomatic, and four asymptomatic cases were confirmed by virus neutralisation. A total of 22 firefighters had specific neutralising antibodies against SARS-CoV-2. Neutralising antibodies were found in four asymptomatic and 18 symptomatic cases. Eleven symptomatic cases had high titres (≥ 1:80). The earliest detection of neutralising antibodies was 7 days after symptom onset, and 80% had neutralising antibodies 15 days after onset. One viral culture was positive 13 days after onset. The attack rate was 27%. We identified two introductions of the virus in this outbreak, through a presymptomatic and a paucisymptomatic case. Asymptomatic cases were not the source of a third generation of cases, although they worked without wearing a mask, indicating that asymptomatic cases did not play a significant role in this outbreak. Management and strategy based on early research of clinical signs associated with self-quarantine was effective.