bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An imprinting object rapidly acquires high attractiveness when associated with food delivery
Authors: Junco Félix
Published: July 2019

Young precocial birds develop a preference for an imprinting object by mere visual exposure to it in the absence of conventional physiological reinforcement. The lack of the necessity of conventional reinforcement for imprinting, however, does not mean that such reinforcement is unimportant. The evidence presented here shows that an imprinting object rapidly acquires high attractiveness to young chicks when it is associated with food provisioning. Domestic chicks, Gallus gallus domesticus, were first exposed to two different imprinting objects in the absence of any reinforcement. Subsequently, two groups of chicks received a single feeding session wherein they were provided with prey from one of the imprinting objects. A third group served as a control in which the chicks were exposed to one of the imprinting objects and prey delivery in an unpaired way. Finally, all chicks received two choice tests to assess their preferences for the two imprinting objects. The chicks that received food from an imprinting object strongly preferred that object to the alternative familiar-only object, and preferred the familiar-only object to a novel object. The control group did not show any preference between the two imprinting objects, but preferred the unpaired imprinting object to a novel object. These results suggest that primary-need reinforcers such as food contribute to increasing the attractiveness of an imprinting object by promoting rapid associative learning.
Script-switching between Hebrew and Arabic Scripts in Documents from the Cairo Genizah
Authors: Wagner Esther-Miriam
Published: July 2019

In the multi-lingual world of the Cairo Genizah, Arabic (including Judaeo-Arabic), Hebrew and Aramaic were used in legal documents and letters. Jewish scribes excelled in Hebrew and Arabic penmanship. The mixing of Hebrew and Arabic alphabets in documents by particular writers affords important sociolinguistic insights. This article presents case studies of two Genizah writers, Daniel b. ʿAzaryah (11th century) and Ḥalfon b. Manasse (12th century), who were both highly innovative and exceptional in their use of scripts and vocalisation signs. Their scribal habits and decisions allow us to understand attitudes of writers towards the two scripts, and levels of literacy within the Jewish scriptorium, and provide an important contribution to our understanding of medieval allography and script-switching.
Commercial Television in Indonesia
Authors: Myutel Maria
Published: July 2019

This article sheds light on previously unknown aspects of Indonesian private television by focusing on the role of the ethno-religious minority of Indonesian Sindhi in the establishment and development of commercial soap opera production. Part of the global trading community of Sindhayat, the local Sindhis have mobilized their translocal and transnational networks to take a dominant position in the emerging sector of national media. Grounded in long-term ethnographic fieldwork among media practitioners and Indonesian Sindhi community members, the article examines how Sindhis’ sense of community and shared desires and sentiments have resulted in a lack of variety of television formats and the introduction of Islam-themed soap operas to prime-time television.
Missing names from the Fungal Name Repositories found in the literature related to Chinese fungi
Authors: WANG KE , WANG YONG-HUI , ZHAO MING-JUN , KIRK PAUL M. , YAO YI-JIAN
Published: July 2019

Fungal taxonomy has a history of more than 260 years, with authors publishing over 475,000 names. Three online Fungal Name Repositories were established to manage registration of new names. During data collection for a project to develop a modern Checklist of Fungi in China and the first Redlist assessment of macrofungi in China, 532 names of Chinese fungi, distinguished in 5 different categories, were found missing from the three repositories. The absence of these names from the repositories badly hampered the transmission of information on fungi. Managing and checking these names is important in maintaining the high quality of fungal taxonomy and provides a sound basis for any future research involving fungi.
Barleria sahyadrica, a new species of Acanthaceae from India
Authors: PRABHUKUMAR KONICKAL MAMBETTA , SARDESAI MILIND M. , HAREESH VADAKOOT SANKARAN , THOMAS BINU , GEORGE SATHEESH , BALACHANDRAN INDIRA
Published: July 2019

Barleria sahyadrica sp. nov., a new species of Barleria sect. Prionitis of the family Acanthaceae from Maharashtra region of Peninsular India is described and illustrated. A detailed description, distribution, ecology, phenology and relevant taxonomic notes are provided along with notes on the identity of B. cuspidata.
Wicklowia submersa sp. nov. (Wicklowiaceae, Pleosporales), a second species in a monotypic family
Authors: BOONMEE SARANYAPHAT , SORVONGXAY TOUNY , HUANRALUEK NARUEMON , HYDE KEVIN D.
Published: July 2019

A new freshwater ascomycetous species, Wicklowia submersa was found on submerged wood in a freshwater stream in Krabi Province in southern Thailand. This is a second species in a monotypic family. Morphological examination and phylogenetic analysis of LSU and SSU sequence data support this new species as belonging to Wicklowia in the family Wicklowiaceae (Pleosporales). Wicklowia submersa possesses ascomata that are immersed, erumpent when mature, raised and visible as dark oval or slit-like structures on host surface. The bitunicate asci have well-developed ocular chambers when immature with a short pedicel. Ascospores are ellipsoidal-oblong, asymmetrical, 1-septate, guttulate when immature, hyaline, with a distinctly mucilaginous sheath. The characteristics of the asci, and ascospores which lack both apical and basal appendages distinguish it from the type species W. aquatic. A description, illustration and comparison of the new species is provided. The risk of introducing monotypic families is discussed.
Phylogeny of Dynastor and Brassolis butterflies (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae): a tough nut to crack
Authors: GARZÓN-ORDUÑA IVONNE J. , PENZ CARLA M.
Published: July 2019

This study examines the phylogenetic relationships among species of the butterfly genera Dynastor and Brassolis using 57 characters from adult morphology and wing coloration. We provide evidence for the monophyly of both genera. The relationships among Dynastor species are well resolved, but we were unable to find informative characters that could resolve the relationships inside Brassolis. We provide diagnoses for Dynastor and Brassolis and all species included in these genera, including illustrations that show geographical variation in wing color. The status of one subspecies is changed to species; Brassolis dinizi d’Almeida, 1956, NEW STATUS.
Contribution to the knowledge of the genus Acrophyma Bergroth, 1917 (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Acanthosomatidae)
Authors: FAÚNDEZ EDUARDO I.
Published: July 2019

Acrophyma cumingii (Westwood, 1837) n. comb. is revalidated and redescribed, the new synonymy A. cumingii = A. impluviata (Blanchard, 1852) is proposed; also given are new Chilean records and the first host plant information on Nothofagus dombeyi (Mirb.) Oerst. (Nothofagaceae) for A. cumingii, a new Brazilian record for A. bicallosa (Stål, 1872), and a species-list and key of the genus Acrophyma Bergroth, 1917.
Checklist of the chewing lice (Insecta: Phthiraptera) from wild birds in Bulgaria
Authors: ILIEVA MIHAELA
Published: July 2019

The checklist includes 282 chewing lice species belonging to 63 genera, 4 families and 2 suborders recorded in Bulgaria until 2008. Their hosts represent 194 bird species belonging to 48 families and 18 orders. Synonyms used in the Bulgarian literature are included.
Erratum: OSCAR VORST (2009) Cercyon castaneipennis sp. n., an overlooked species from Europe (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) Zootaxa, 2054, 5968.
Authors: VORST OSCAR
Published: July 2019

(Erratum)
The first psychodid (Diptera: Psychodidae: Phlebotominae) species from the Lower Eocene amber of Vastan, Gujarat, India
Authors: SOLÓRZANO KRAEMER MÓNICA M. , WAGNER RÜDIGER
Published: July 2019

The new genus and species, Phlebotoiella eoindianensis, from the Eocene Vastan amber deposits in western India is described and illustrated. This marks the first Psychodidae to be described from Vastan amber. The relationship of this new genus is discussed as well as its biogeographic implications.
A new species of Noblella (Amphibia: Strabomantidae) from the western slopes of the Andes of Ecuador
Authors: GUAYASAMIN JUAN M. , TERÁN-VALDEZ ANDREA
Published: July 2019

We describe a new species of Noblella from the western slope of the Ecuadorian Andes. The new taxon is distinguished from all other species in the genus by lacking dorsal marks (i.e., interobital bar, scapular and sacral chevrons) and by having a bright orange venter. The new species and Noblella heyeri are the only species of Noblella reported in the Pacific Andean versant. We provide an osteological description of the new species and a key for the species in Noblella.
What has eschatology to do with the gospel? An analysis of papal documents on mission ad gentes
Authors: Patterson Colin
Published: July 2019

A theology of mission includes consideration of the reasons for the missionary endeavor. An important source for this area of theology is the set of eight papal documents beginning with Pope Benedict XV’s Maximum illud with the most recent being Pope Francis’s Evangelii gaudium. Beginning with Jesus’ proclamation of the gospel, the mission ad gentes has been carried out with the conviction that on its reception depended a hearer’s eternal destiny. Such a rationale based on eschatological beliefs has continued into our day, although during the past century there has been some serious questioning of this view. In this article I analyze the seven papal documents on mission for the frequency with which they mention eschatological and non-eschatological reasons for missionary work. Noteworthy trends emerge from this analysis which raise questions about the continuing vigor of the church’s mission ad gentes.
Laryngeal Synovial Sarcoma: A Systematic Review of the Last 40 Years of Reported Cases
Authors: Shein Gregory , Sandhu Gurfateh , Potter Alison , Loo Christine , Jacobson Ian , Anazodo Antoinette
Published: July 2019

Primary laryngeal synovial sarcoma is an extremely rare tumor predominantly affecting young adults. There are currently no well-defined guidelines to direct investigation and management, and treatment is largely based on what is known for synovial sarcoma of the upper and lower limbs. This PROSPERO-registered study aims to review the diagnostic methods, treatment regimens, and survival outcomes for patients with synovial sarcoma of the larynx. A systematic search of databases Medline, Embase, SCOPUS, and Web of Science was undertaken in December 2017. The literature search identified 1031 potentially relevant studies, and after the deletion of duplicates and excluded papers, 98 full-text articles were screened. A total of 39 cases were reviewed from 32 studies in the data extraction. The average age at the time of laryngeal synovial sarcoma diagnosis was 32 years (range, 11-79 years). In all cases (n = 39), patients underwent wide surgical excision, with 20 patients requiring a partial or total laryngectomy. A total of 18 patients received adjuvant and 3 received neoadjuvant radiotherapy. Chemotherapy was used in 10 cases, with ifosfamide the most frequently used agent. There was considerable variability in the order and combinations of the abovementioned treatments. No clinicopathologic factors or treatment regimens were associated with improved overall survival or lower rate of recurrence. There is a paucity of literature and heterogeneity in clinical approaches to this highly aggressive sarcoma. Reporting of cases must be standardized and formal guidelines must be established to guide clinical management.
Sexualized gender stereotypes predict girls’ academic self-efficacy and motivation across middle school
Authors: Brown Christia Spears
Published: July 2019

Sexualized gender stereotypes (SGS) include the belief that girls should singularly prioritize their sexualized attractiveness for the attention and approval of boys. By elementary school, boys and girls perceive girls’ sexualized attractiveness to be incompatible with intelligence and competence. In the current 2-year study, we examined whether girls’ higher SGS endorsement in seventh grade predicted a diminished mastery goal orientation and lower perceptions of academic ability in eighth grade and whether this was moderated by gender typicality and self-monitoring. Cross-lagged panel analyses tested whether earlier academic attitudes better predicted later SGS endorsement than the inverse. The study included 77 girls in the final sample from four public middle schools ( MageT1 = 12.4, SD = .57). The sample was ethnically diverse (45% identified as White, 21% as Latinx, 19% as Black/African American, and 14% as multiracial). Girls’ greater endorsement of SGS in the seventh grade predicted lower academic self-efficacy later, controlling for age, academic ability, and earlier levels of academic attitudes. Highlighting a likely feedback loop, earlier academic self-efficacy equally predicted later SGS endorsement. For highly gender-typical girls, greater SGS endorsement also predicted lower mastery goal orientation over time.
Power contrast injections through a totally implantable venous power port: A retrospective multicenter study
Authors: Son Ryong seong , Song Yun Gyu , Jo Jeonghyun , Park Byeong-Ho , Jung Gyoo-sik , Yun Jong Hyouk
Published: July 2019

Objectives

To evaluate the feasibility and safety of power injection of contrast media through totally implantable venous power ports during computed tomography scans in oncologic patients.

Methods

The study population consisted of 417 patients who underwent computed tomography scan through a totally implantable venous power port. Clinical data were examined. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the associations between clinical covariables and computed tomography scan failure.

Results

Successful computed tomography scans were achieved in 534 of 540 examinations (98.9%). Logistic regression analysis showed that contrast media above a 350 concentration was significantly associated with computed tomography scan failure (95% confidence interval: 1.01–1.13, p = 0.012). No major complications were noted.

Conclusions

Power injection of contrast media through a totally implantable venous power port for computed tomography examination is feasible and safe. This procedure provides an acceptable alternative in oncologic patients with inadequate peripheral intravenous access when computed tomography examination with contrast enhancement is needed.
Increasing energy production of a ducted wind turbine system
Authors: Nardecchia Fabio , Groppi Daniele , Lilliu Ilenia , Astiaso Garcia Davide , De Santoli Livio
Published: July 2019

This article focuses on evaluating the performance of a relatively new system of a ducted wind turbine with an omnidirectional capture system, the INVELOX system. In the present study, the improvement of such patented system has been developed by performing a detailed numerical analysis varying several geometrical parameters and analysing the effect of changing wind velocity and wind direction. At first, the model validation was performed and the performance of the original system against the wind direction changes was analysed observing that the highest speed ratios are obtained for two specific directions. Based on the previous results, the most critical features of the system have been identified, and then it has been approached a geometric improvement of the system aiming at increasing the system productivity. The results show there is a possibility to largely improve the overall design and extract more energy from the wind respect with the original design.
Modeling Driver Take-Over Reaction Time and Emergency Response Time using an Integrated Cognitive Architecture
Authors: Deng Chao , Cao Shi , Wu Chaozhong , Lyu Nengchao
Published: July 2019

Drivers’ take-over reaction time in partially automated vehicles is a fundamental component of automated vehicle design requirements, and take-over reaction time is affected by many factors such as distraction and drivers’ secondary tasks. This study built cognitive architecture models to simulate drivers’ take-over reaction time in different secondary task conditions. Models were built using the queueing network-adaptive control of thought rational (QN-ACTR) cognitive architecture. Drivers’ task-specific skills and knowledge were programmed as production rules. A driving simulator program was connected to the models to produce prediction of reaction time. Model results were compared with human results in both single-task and multi-task conditions. The models were built without adjusting any parameter to fit the human data. The models could produce simulation results of take-over reaction time similar to the human results in take-over conditions with visual or auditory concurrent tasks, as well as emergency response time in a manual driving condition. Overall, R square was 0.96, root mean square error (RMSE) was 0.5 s, and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) was 9%. The models could produce simulation results of reaction time similar to the human results from different task conditions. The production rules are plausible representations of drivers’ strategies and skills. The models provide a useful tool for the evaluation of take-over alert design and the prediction of driver performance.
Activist poetry versus lyrical action: Günther Anders on poetry and politics
Authors: Putz Kerstin
Published: July 2019

This essay focuses on Günther Anders’s engagement with (political) poetry. I draw on published material and unpublished source texts from the Anders Nachlass to track how Anders arrives at his own writing style and mode of address through his sustained engagement with poetry. Anders’s philosophical prose and exoteric use of language is shaped by multifaceted reflections on (political) poetry and by the tension between ‘political poetry’ and ‘lyrical action’. I first elaborate on Anders's reading of Brecht in the early 1930s, and then turn to the poetry and reflections on poetics that were written during his long exile in the US (1936–50). It is from this basis that I consider Anders’s categorical and programmatic turn away from poetry from the mid-1940s onwards. What emerges from my discussion is that engagements with literature, and with poetry in particular, were not a marginal activity for Anders but reflect a broad, life-long interest in (predominantly) classical and contemporary poetry, resulting in reflections on poetics and his own extensive poetic praxis.
Sex Offender Residence Restrictions and Homelessness: A Critical Look at South Carolina
Authors: Cann Deanna , Isom Scott Deena A.
Published: July 2019

Sex offender residence restrictions (SORRs) have been widely implemented across the United States since the 1990s. A common concern regarding the implementation of SORRs is the decrease in viable housing options for registered sex offenders, which could potentially lead to homelessness. The vast application of SORRs across the United States, in addition to the known association between homelessness and crime, necessitates a deeper understanding of how SORRs impact rates of homelessness among this population. Utilizing data from South Carolina’s Sex Offender Registry, this study describes patterns of homelessness among this population. Specifically, using an interrupted time series analysis, we examine whether the state’s implementation of its SORR has an effect on the proportion of registered sex offenders reported as homeless. Our findings reveal a strong association between the implementation of residence restriction policies and rates of homelessness for registered sex offenders in South Carolina. Policy implications are discussed.
Investigation on dynamic characteristics of a plate-type discharge valve in a diaphragm pump for SCR system by two-way FSI model
Authors: Shi Youcheng , Yang Shudong , Pan Xiwei , Liu Yinshui
Published: July 2019

A plate-type port valve with rubber valve plate in a miniature diaphragm pump is presented. To investigate the dynamic characteristics of this type of discharge valve, a two-way fluid structure interaction model is proposed. The interaction between the dynamic behavior of the fluid and rubber is considered in the fluid structure interaction model. Based on the fluid structure interaction model, the internal flow of the pump, the deflection of the diaphragm and discharge valve plate is calculated. To verify the validity of the numerical model, a prototype pump is fabricated and tested. The experimental pressures in the working chamber of the pump show the same overall trends with the numerical results. The deviations between the numerical and experimental flowrates are less than 7.2%. The experimental results prove that the numerical model is effective in predicting a complete discharge process of the pump. There is a big difference between the deflection of the center of the valve plate and the edge of the valve plate. The oscillation period of the pressure in the working chamber of the pump is approximately double that of the discharge valve plate. When the pump speed is lower than 2500 r/min, it has little influence on the lag angles of the discharge valve under rated pressure. The lag angles at rated pump speed increase when the backpressures increase. The stress of the discharge valve plate reaches a peak when the valve plate impact on the valve limiter or valve seat.
Peatland formation, succession and carbon accumulation at a mid-elevation poor fen in Pacific Canada
Authors: Lacourse Terri , Adeleye Matthew A , Stewart Johanna R
Published: July 2019

We reconstructed peatland formation, succession and long-term rates of carbon (C) accumulation at a mid-elevation poor fen on Vancouver Island in coastal British Columbia, Canada. Multi-proxy paleoecological analyses including bulk chemistry, peat composition, macrofossils, pollen and non-pollen palynomorphs show terrestrialization starting from a small oligotrophic lake 14,000 cal BP. Peat accumulation began by 11,600 cal BP with the transition to an emergent Nuphar-dominated shallow-water marsh. Terrestrialization in the center of the peatland was more or less complete by 10,400 cal BP with the development of a Sphagnum-dominated poor fen that continues to the present. Outward expansion by paludification appears to have brought the peatland close to its modern lateral extent by 10,000 cal BP, suggesting that terrestrialization and paludification played important concurrent roles in the early development of this poor fen. Mean long-term rates of C accumulation (13 g C/m2/yr) are lower than at most Northern Hemisphere peatlands including nearby lowland bogs. Maximum rates of 43 g C/m2/yr occurred in the early Holocene during accumulation of Nuphar peat and the transition to Sphagnum peat and coincided with high summer temperatures and increased seasonality, which promote growing season productivity and reduce winter decomposition. Early Holocene increases in C accumulation rates occurred at two nearby lowland bogs during similar wetland stages. Collectively, these studies demonstrate that climate and autogenic succession, including changes in relative water table depth and plant functional groups, interacted to drive Holocene peatland dynamics and C accumulation rates in the maritime setting of coastal British Columbia.
Heterogeneity in the psychiatric presentation of behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD)
Authors: Bretag-Norris Reece , Gallur Lara , Flynn Patrick
Published: July 2019

Objective:

This article describes how the onset of bvFTD can be heralded by psychiatric symptoms.

Method:

Case reports are described with reference to the relevant literature review.

Results:

Three patients were admitted with psychiatric symptoms, including depression, mania, psychosis and catatonia. Two had been previously diagnosed with a psychiatric disorder. All three were diagnosed with probable bvFTD.

Conclusion:

bvFTD is an important differential diagnosis to consider when patients present with atypical psychiatric symptoms.
Comparison of Single-Agent Versus 3-Additive Regional Anesthesia for Foot and Ankle Surgery
Authors: Dang Debbie Y. , McGarry Sean M. , Melbihess Eric J. , Haytmanek Craig T. , Stith Andrew T. , Griffin Matthew J. , Ackerman Katherine J. , Hirose Christopher B.
Published: July 2019

Background:

This study compared the results of regional blocks containing a single anesthetic, bupivacaine, with those containing bupivacaine and 3 additives (buprenorphine, clonidine, and dexamethasone) in patients undergoing foot and ankle surgery.

Methods:

Eighty patients undergoing foot and ankle surgery over a 9-month period were prospectively enrolled and randomized to receive a peripheral nerve block containing either a single anesthetic (SA) or one with 3 additives (TA). Patients, surgeons, and anesthesiologists were blinded to the groups. Patients maintained pain diaries and were evaluated at 1 and 12 weeks postoperatively. Fifty-six patients completed the study.

Results:

The TA group had a longer duration of analgesic effect than the SA group (average 82 vs 34 hours, P < .05). Forty-eight hours after surgery, 93% of SA blocks, compared with 34% of TA blocks, had completely worn off. The TA group had a longer duration of sensory effects. At 3 months, 10 of 26 (38.5%) TA patients, compared with 3 of 30 (10%) SA patients, reported postoperative neurologic symptoms. Pain scores in both groups were not statistically different at 1 week or 3 months after surgery. Patients in both groups were similarly satisfied with their blocks.

Conclusion:

Both types of nerve blocks provided equivalent pain control and patient satisfaction in patients undergoing foot and ankle surgery. The 3-additive agent blocks were associated with a longer duration of pain relief and a longer duration of numbness, as well as higher rates of postoperative neurologic symptoms. Longer pain relief may be obtained at the cost of prolonged sensory deficits.

Level of Evidence:

Level II, prospective comparative study.
Risk Factors for Continuation of Atypical Antipsychotics at Hospital Discharge in Two Intensive Care Unit Cohorts
Authors: Levine Alexander R , Lemieux Steven M , D’Aquino Daniela , Tenney Analise , Pisani Margaret , Ali Syed
Published: July 2019

Introduction:

Atypical antipsychotics are frequently initiated in the intensive care unit (ICU) to treat delirium. Many patients continue on these agents at hospital discharge despite a lack of data to support long-term use.

Objectives:

The primary aim of this study was to determine underlying risk factors for continuation of antipsychotics at hospital discharge in medical intensive care unit (MICU) and surgical intensive care unit (SICU) patients when evaluated as separate cohorts.

Methods:

A single-center, retrospective study in patients newly initiated on quetiapine, risperidone, or olanzapine in a 22-bed mixed medical-surgical ICU admitted from January 2017 to July 2018.

Results:

A total of 78 (62.9%) MICU patients and 46 (37.1%) SICU patients met the inclusion criteria during this time frame. A total of 29 MICU patients (37.2%) were prescribed antipsychotics at hospital discharge compared to 25 SICU patients (54.3%), P = .063. The percentage of MICU patients prescribed antipsychotics at hospital discharge was significantly higher in patients ⩾60 years of age (22 [75.9%] vs 26 [53.1%], P = .045), with a history of dementia (5 [17.2%] vs 1 [2%], P = .015), admitted with hemorrhagic stroke (5 [17.2%] vs 2 [4.1%], P = .049), and initiated on risperidone (3 [10.3%] vs 0%, P = .022). The risk of pre-existing dementia remained significant in a multivariate logistic regression that controlled for confounding variables, odds ratio (OR) = 10 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.11-90.5, P = .040). The percentage of SICU patients prescribed antipsychotics at discharge was significantly higher in those with severe traumatic brain injury (TBI; 8 [72.7%] vs 0%, P = .004) and initiated on quetiapine (19 [76%] vs 9 [42.9%], P = .022).

Conclusion:

Antipsychotics were commonly continued at hospital discharge in both MICU and SICU patients. Several risk factors for continuation of antipsychotics were identified in these two cohorts. Future efforts assessing the appropriateness of antipsychotics at transitions of care are warranted.
Autobiographical memory of war veterans: A mixed-studies systematic review
Authors: Islam Azharul , Sheppard Elizabeth , Conway Martin A , Haque Shamsul
Published: July 2019

This paper reviewed articles on autobiographical memories of veterans who fought several major battles around the world. A total of 28 articles, reporting 11 quantitative, 16 qualitative, and 1 mixed-methods study, were identified through a search conducted in 11 major databases. Convergent thematic analysis of the findings extracted five recurrent themes: (1) memory features, (2) memory content, (3) self and memory, (4) culture and memory, and (5) theoretical accounts. Veterans’ memories were mostly aligned with the hegemonic narratives, although many of them were the depiction of atrocities (theme 1). Veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder and other mental disorders recalled less specific and less coherent autobiographical memories (theme 2); their retrieval was influenced by split identity—combatant versus veteran identity, generational identity, and political ideology (theme 3). War outcome, dominant public narratives, political environment, and myths prevailing in the society influenced the memory recall (theme 4). While qualitative studies used Erickson’s identity theory to explain how personal identity in conjunction with social identity helped to construct veterans’ memories, quantitative studies used Car-Fa-X model to explain why veterans with various mental health conditions predominantly produced overgeneral memories (theme 5). Findings are discussed through the current theories of autobiographical memory.
Antimildew Effects of Plectranthus amboinicus Leaf Essential Oil on Paper
Authors: Hsu Kuang-Ping , Ho Chen-Lung
Published: July 2019

In this study, we evaluated the antimildew effects on paper of Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour.) Spreng leaf essential oil prepared through hydrodistillation. The oil was isolated with a Clevenger-type apparatus and then characterized through gas chromatography with flame ionization detection (GC-FID) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). A total of 43 compounds were identified, representing 99.5% of the oil. The main ingredients were carvacrol (50.0%), γ-terpinene (13.1%), and β-caryophyllene (11.3%). The leaf oil had excellent antimildew effects; its minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values against Aspergillus clavatus, A. niger, Cladosporium cladosporioides, Chaetomium globosum, Myrothecium verrucaria, Penicillium citrinum, and Trichoderma viride were 100, 200, 75, 75, 100, 150, and 150 μg/cm2 respectively. The leaf oil was further partitioned into 6 derivative fractions (PO1-PO6). PO2 had excellent antimildew effects on the abovementioned strains; at a concentration of 100 μg/cm2, all were 100% inhibited, except A. niger, which was 75.8% inhibited. Carvacrol, the main ingredient of PO2, was then isolated and used for antimildew tests; carvacrol had excellent antimildew activities. Since both P. amboinicus leaf essential oil and carvacrol were proved to have excellent antimildew effects on paper, they are worth further research and development.
Isolated Single Right Coronary Artery in a Pediatric Patient
Authors: Berger Justin H. , Rome Jonathan J. , Brothers Julie A.
Published: July 2019

Anatomic single coronary arteries are quite rare but can be a potential cause of sudden cardiac death. We present the first case of a pediatric patient with an anatomic single right coronary artery (Lipton type R1 or Shirani-Roberts type IIA), of a type which has been associated with adult-onset ischemic cardiac disease. We review the evaluation and management of this young patient.
Minimization of Surgical Site Infections in Patients With Delayed Sternal Closure After Pediatric Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Yabrodi Mouhammad , Hermann Jeremy L. , Brown John W. , Rodefeld Mark D. , Turrentine Mark W. , Mastropietro Christopher W.
Published: July 2019

Background:

Delayed sternal closure (DSC) following pediatric cardiac surgery is commonly implemented at many centers. Infectious complications occur in 18.7% of these patients based on recent multicenter data. We aimed to describe our experience with DSC, hypothesizing that our practices surrounding the implementation and maintenance of the open sternum during DSC minimize the risk of infectious complications.

Methods:

We reviewed patients less than 365 days who underwent DSC between 2012 and 2016 at our institution. Infectious complications as defined by the Society of Thoracic Surgeons Congenital Heart Surgery Database were recorded. Patients with and without infectious complications were compared using Wilcoxon rank sum tests or Fisher exact tests as appropriate.

Results:

We identified 165 patients less than 365 days old who underwent DSC, 135 (82%) of whom had their skin closed over their open sternum. Median duration of open sternum was 3 days (range: 1-32 days). Infectious complications occurred in 15 (9.1%) patients—13 developed clinical sepsis with positive blood cultures, one patient developed ventilator-associated pneumonia, and one patient developed wound infection (0.6%). No cases of mediastinitis occurred. No statistical differences in characteristics between patients with and without infectious complications could be identified.

Conclusion:

Infectious complications after DSC at our institution were notably less than reported in recent literature, primarily due to minimization of surgical site infections. Practices described in the article, including closing skin over the open sternum whenever possible, could potentially aid other institutions aiming to reduce infectious complications associated with DSC.
Heart Transplantation in a Fontan Patient Using a Hepatitis C-Positive Donor
Authors: Menachem Jonathan N. , Bichell David P. , Frischhertz Benjamin , Shah Ashish S. , Schlendorf Kelly
Published: July 2019

A 38-year-old female with tricuspid atresia and normally related great arteries, initially palliated with Björk modified Fontan, and ultimately converted to extracardiac conduit Fontan, with a history of ventricular tachycardia and hepatitis C virus (HCV) treated with sofosbuvir/ledipasvir, was referred to our center for consideration of combined heart and liver transplantation. The patient’s blood group was O with panel reactive antibodies of 52%. She consented to consideration of HCV-positive donors. Fifteen days later, an HCV-positive donor was identified, and she underwent heart transplantation with pulmonary artery reconstruction performed jointly by adult and pediatric transplant surgeons. To our knowledge, this the first time an HCV-positive donor heart has been to transplant an adult with congenital heart disease.
Testing the Limits of Colonial Parenting: Navajo Domestic Workers, the Intermountain Indian School, and the Urban Relocation Program, 1950–1962
Authors: O’neill Colleen
Published: July 2019

Closely examining the experiences of mostly female Navajo students, this article demonstrates that the Intermountain Indian School played a pivotal role in carrying out postwar Indian Policy. Like Progressive Era Indian boarding schools, its gendered curriculum prepared students to assimilate as low-status workers into American society and move away from their reservation communities. However, beginning with the first graduating class, Navajo students took advantage of the training but did not necessarily conform to policy makers’ expectations.
The Gaze on the Threshold
Authors: Suh Jiyoung
Published: July 2019

This article examines the presence of Korean housemaids who worked for Japanese settlers in colonial Korea, 1910–45, and its connection to the urban landscape in the colony. It provides a historical investigation of the Korean housemaids who emerged among female workers in the urban sector and analyzes the diverse representational strategies of Korean housemaids by different gazers in mass media and literary works produced in the colonial and postcolonial period. In particular, it deals with the issue of colonial intimacy, focusing on the colonial encounter that includes the dynamic operation of affective politics between Korean housemaids and Japanese expatriates in the domestic arena. This article argues that the hybridized images of the Korean housemaids in Japanese families not only poses one specific form of the gendered subaltern whose voices were fragmented and refracted but also marks the colonial landscape in Korea as the contested terrain of revealing fractures in the dichotomous colonial narratives and the intertwined frames of race/ethnicity, class, and gender.
Hospitality; or, A Critique of Un/Inhabitability
Authors: Woods Maxwell
Published: July 2019

Recent criticisms of regionalization and urbanization in the Anthropocene have argued that actors are increasingly producing uninhabitable spaces, in which oppressed and marginalized groups are either left to die or forced into a rootless existence of constant displacement. Through an examination of the cultural politics of current discussions of uninhabitability in the Anthropocene, this article argues against the logic of un/inhabitability—demonstrating its necessity to imagine itself against a subhuman other that was embodied, at least in Europe in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, in the anti-Semitic representation of Jews—and proposes that the conceptual framework of in/hospitability can be substituted in a way that both maintains the logic of un/inhabitability’s beneficial aspects—its illumination of the inequitable distribution of environmental harms in the Anthropocene and of the relationship between cultural formations and dwelling—and abandons its problematic underpinnings. In this way, the embrace of in/hospitability recommends not a rejection of the logic of un/inhabitability but its development through productive critique.
Quasi
Authors: Varner Deena
Published: July 2019

Beginning in the late 1960s a series of reforms saw the emergence of vast numbers of bureaucratic instruments meant to standardize the care, custody, and control of inmates. Grievance and disciplinary procedures were largely homogenized to ensure inmates’ protection from the abuses that were prevalent especially in the southern plantation model of incarceration. These same procedures, however, resulted in the increasing removal of prisoners from the sphere of legal, judicial, and, more broadly, public discourse and oversight. This article analyzes how the failure to prosecute crimes committed inside the prison functions to diminish the legal and political standing of both criminal and victim. In handling crime as an extrajudicial matter, adjudicated exclusively by disciplinary boards, the prisoner-criminal and prisoner-victim are positioned as quasi-legal subjects, bearing neither the rights nor responsibilities of citizenship. The prison, therefore, is a model institution for downsizing citizenship, and its disciplinary procedures are an ideal model for the neoliberalization of public institutions.
Προγενέστερες οδηγίες και το θέμα της προσωπικής ταυτότητας
Authors: Μπούτλας (George Boutlas) Γεώργιος , Βιρβιδάκης (Stelios Virvidakis) Στέλιος
Published: July 2019

Advance directives (ADs) are directives that a competent person gives in advance, for her treatment in case she is characterized (legally or by medical evaluation) incompetent for rational decision making that can guide action. ADs may be demands for active or passive euthanasia, raising legal and moral issues concerning their acceptance.In bioethics, although the view supporting the decisive authority of ADs, without any presuppositions, as expressions of self determination and of “critical interests”, remains dominant, there are strong philosophical objections to their unconditional acceptance. There are two opposed views on this issue: a) The so called extension view that supports the moral authority of ADs. b) The moral authority objection view that questions the moral acceptance of ADs, focusing on the continuity of personal identity (PI) and on the existence of experiential interests. In this paper we attempt to criticize the dominant bioethical view about the moral justification of ADs based on the extension view, dwelling mainly on cases of “happy demented” patients, who have strong experiential interests that can conflict with the “extended” critical interests.We thus examine first the more influential PI theories in bioethical discourse. These are the biological, the anthropological, the narrative and the psychological theories. Both psychological and narrative conceptions of PI adopt experiential data that are subject to relativistic evaluations and can lead to limitations of, and exceptions from, the concept of personhood. They both demand a thick first person identification of PI, which is then established as personal identity, supposedly grounding the authority of ADs. Despite their dominant position in bioethics, insofar as they lend support to the extension view, they face several objections.We try to defend the moral authority objection regarding ADs, by adopting a Kantian transcendental account of PI, which provides a rigid kernel that grounds a conception of human dignity as independent from any experiential assessment of abilities. This conception of human dignity also includes patients incompetent to express their will, and is endangered by the unconditional acceptance of ADs. We also investigate a possible moral justification of ADs in Kantian ethics which appeals to Kant’s positions on suicide.
Γιατί οι ηθικές βελτιώσεις χαρακτήρα είναι καταδικασμένες να αποτύχουν; Η κριτική των φιλοσοφιών της αρετής
Authors: Καλοκαιρινού (Eleni Kalokairinou) Ελένη
Published: July 2019

All kinds of enhancements, cognitive, physical, psychological, moral etc. are at the center of moral debates nowadays. In particular the moral enhancements of character by virtue of pharmacological and biotechnological means are widely discussed, as they raise a number of questions regarding human autonomy and freedom. In the present article, we argue that if we study carefully the way in which the moral enhancements are applied according to the bioethicists Julian Savulescu and Ingmar Persson, we will realize that they are logically impossible. That is, if we analyze the logical procedure of enhancing characters morally, as this is presented in Aristotle’s and Kant’s moral account, then we will understand that the kind of moral enhancement of character by virtue of biotechnological means which the two philosophers put forward is doomed to fail. Furthermore, we will also understand that the two philosophers offer an impoverished conception of morality, since reason, the basic element of the moral process, plays no role in the account of moral reasoning they propound.
Νέες προκλήσεις για το δίκαιο της ιατρικά υποβοηθούμενης αναπαραγωγής: Το νέο σύμφωνο συμβίωσης και η σχεδιαζόμενη ρύθμιση για την αναγνώριση ταυτότητας φύλου
Authors: Φουντεδάκη (Katerina Fountedaki) Κατερίνα
Published: July 2019

This paper focuses on the new civil partnership starting with the decision of 11.7.2013 ECHR condemning Greece because of the exclusion of same-sex couples from civil partnership. On the occasion of this condemnation a total abolition of civil partnership would be a temporary and regressive solution.By n. 4356 / 2015 the institution of civil partnership was reformed and the couple is considered as married regarding their interpersonal relations and in the remaining relationships the focus is on private autonomy. The legislative assimilation of the comrades who have signed a civil partnership with a married couple cannot work in the field of affinity with children. The regulatory model of different sex parents and the law of medically assisted reproduction are still dominant. This act of the legislature does not constitute a legal limbo but a conscious choice, which according to the writer does not infringe the principle of equality and Article 4 of the ECHR.Finally, it is important to say that a current study made by the lawmaking Committee of the Ministry of Justice for sex identification could modify a lot of things in the field of family law.
Ο άγαμος μοναχικός άντρας και η πρόσβασή του στην ιατρικώς υποβοηθούμενη αναπαραγωγή στην Ελλάδα και στο Ηνωμένο Βασίλειο
Authors: Βασιλείου (Marianna Vassiliou) Μαριάννα
Published: July 2019

This paper compares the legal framework in Greece and the United Kingdom on the issue of access to medically assisted reproduction methods - and to the subsequent acquisition of a child - by a single man. Initially, the human right, particularly the right of a single man, to reproduction is presented. At the same time, the reasons for which legal systems explicitly allow access to medically assisted reproduction only to single women are explained.Then, the legal regime governing the method of surrogate motherhood in both countries is exposed, as this is practically the only method by which a single man can procreate. The presentation of the Greek legal framework follows, a framework which excludes single man from access to medically assisted reproduction, as well as the case law which sought to cover the legal vacuum, by applying in a proportional way the relevant provisions for single women. Then, the rules governing the United Kingdom on the question are analyzed, where the case law has bypassed the non-explicit inclusion of single man to the persons entitled to have a child using the methods of medically assisted reproduction.Finally, as a solution to the issue, the combination of the two systems is proposed, as well as an effective and de facto recognition of the right of single men to having a child with the help of technology.
A controlled study on an instrument that couples active learning with technology: student video creation
Authors: Nascimento Gyzelle P.V. , Moreira Daniel C. , Welker Alexis F.
Published: July 2019

Background: Active learning strategies and the use of technology in classes have been widely indicated to enhance learning. Although much has been discussed on these topics, few studies have addressed them with adequate experimental designs. Therefore, this study investigated the effect of a strategy coupling active learning methodology and technology –video lectures production by students – on the students’ learning in comparison with traditional approaches.

Methods: To investigate the impact of video production on students’ learning, approximately half of one class of undergraduate students in a Pharmacy program attended traditional classes on one of its modules, while the other half was instructed to elaborate video lectures about the same content. We recorded their scores in two exams on the topic covered by the video lectures, one prior to intervention and the second after the intervention. We also recorded their score in a final exam at the end of the course, which covered all modules in the course, and applied a questionnaire to assess students’ perceptions about the applied methodology.

Results: The average score of the students in the video group became 46% higher than the control group’s score. The score on the final exam at the end of the course showed no difference between groups. Most of the students reported that the video lectures they produced in class improved their academic performance.

Conclusions: The video lecture production activity, a teaching instrument that relies on active learning and technology, was able to improve learning indicators of a group of randomly selected students in comparison with a control group of students who attended traditional expository classes given by an instructor.