bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
HUBUNGAN INFORMASI DAN DUKUNGAN SUAMI TERHADAP DETEKSI DINI KANKER MULUT RAHIM DI PUSKESMAS PEUKAN BADA ACEH BESAR TAHUN 20222
Authors: Yarah Saufa
Published: November 2023

Insfeksi Visual Asam Asetat (IVA) adalah suatu metode untuk mendeteksi secara dini lesi prakanker tersebut. Namun masih banyak PUS yang tidak mau melakukan pemeriksaan IVA. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor yang berhubungan dengan perilaku PUS dalam melakukan pemeriksaan IVA di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Peukan Bada Aceh Besar. Tahapan yang akan dilakukan yaitu mengambil data secara langsung di Puskesmas Peukan Bada, yang sebelumnya telah melakukan kerjasama dengan pihak terkait. Kemudian melakukan kolaborasi dengan bidan desa dari masing-masing desa di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Peukan Bada untuk mendapatkan data primer yaitu data yang di dapatkan langsung dari PUS. Dimana PUS berjumlah 1.407 orang. Setelah semua data responden di peroleh selanjutnya dilakukan pengolahan data. Berdasarkan pada hasil penelitian dapat diketahui bahwa hasil untuk pemeriksaan IVA test pada pasangan usia subur yang melakukan pemeriksaan sebanyak 222 (16%), variabel informasi pasangan usia subur berada pada kategori pernah mendapatkan informasi yaitu sebanyak 812 (57,7%) dan untuk dukungan suami berada pada kategori tidak mendukung yaitu sebanyak 785 (55.8%). Dengan informasi tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa variabel informasi dan dukungan suami terdapat hubungan dengan pemeriksaan IVA test dengan nilai P-Value 0.005 untuk hubungan informasi dan P-Value 0.000 untuk dukungan suami.
ANALISIS RIWAYAT MELAHIRKAN BERAT BAYI LAHIR RENDAH (BBLR) DAN KEJADIAN KEKURANGAN ENERGI KRONIK (KEK) DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS DARUSSALAM KABUPATEN ACEH BESAR TAHUN 20222
Authors: Muharrina Cut Rahmi
Published: November 2023

Berat Badan Lahir Rendah (BBLR) adalah keadaan dimana bayi lahir dengan berat badan kurang dari 2500 gram. WHO menjelaskan bahwa BBLR adalah penyumbang Angka Kematian Bayi (AKB) tertinggi sekitar 60%-80%. Laporan Dinas Kesehatan Aceh juga masih menunjukkan angka kematian bayi yang meningkat 18% dibandingkan tahun sebelumnya dimana disebabkan oleh beberapa hal yang salah satunya adalah BBLR. Tujuan Penelitian adalah Menganalisis Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Kejadian BBLR Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Darussalam Kabupaten Aceh Besar. Tahapan yang akan dilakukan yaitu dengan melakukan kunjungan langsung ke puskesmas Darussalam untuk mengambil data lengkap ibu-ibu yang melahirkan bayi dengan BBLR. Dimana sebelumnya melakukan pendekatan dengan bidan desa untuk didampingi langsung mengunjungi ibu-ibu tersebut untuk mendapatkan data akurat atau data sekunder yang kita butuhkan untuk penelitian dimana peneliti langsung melakukan wawancara dengan ibu-ibu yang melahirkan bayi BBLR. Dimana jumlah ibu yang melahirkan bayi dengan BBLR berjumlah 32 orang. Setelah semua data responden di peroleh, maka peneliti akan langsung melakukan pengelompokan untuk selanjutnya dilakukan pengolahan data. Hasil penelitian ditemukan bahwa kejadian BBLR berada pada kategori mati sebanyak 20 (37,5%), untuk riwayat melahirkan bayi BBLR berada pada kategori tidak BBLR sebanyak 17 (53,1%) dan untuk kejadian KEK berada pada kategori tidak KEKsebanyak 18 (56,2%). Pengaruh antara usia ibu dengan kejadian BBLR berpeluang 11 kali mempengaruhi dengan terjadinya kejadian BBLR dengan nilai P-Value 0,001. Nilai OR 10, riwayat melahirkan bayi BBLR dengan kejadian BBLR berpeluang 5 kali mempengaruhi dengan terjadinya kejadian BBLR dengan nilai P-Value 0,008. Nilai OR 5,3 dan pengaruh kejadian KEK dengan kejadian BBLR berpeluang 7 kali mempengaruhi dengan terjadinya kejadian BBLR dengan nilai P-Value 0,006. Nilai OR 7,1.
GAMBARAN PENGETAHUAN IBU TENTANG MENGKONSUMSI TABLET TAMBAH DARAH PAD TRIMESTER II DAN III DI PMB A DESA KALISUREN KAB BOGOR 5 NOVEMBER - 5 DESEMBER 2020
Authors: Prihantiningsih Anggarani
Published: November 2023

The second trimester of pregnancy is containing an embryo or fetus in the body at 14-28 weeks. At this time pregnant women will feel more calm, peaceful without significant disturbances. In the second trimester the fetus develops towards maturity. Third trimester pregnancy is a pregnancy with the age of 28-40 weeks which is a time to prepare for birth and position as a parent, such as focusing attention on the presence of the baby, so it is also known as the waiting period. Iron (Fe) tablets are mineral tablets needed by the body for the formation of red blood cells or hemoglobin. The element Fe is the most important element for the formation of red blood cells. Iron is naturally obtained from food. If pregnant women lack iron in the diet they consume daily, it can cause nutritional anemia (lack of blood). The purpose of this study was to describe the level of knowledge of pregnant women about consuming blood-added tablets in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy in PMB A. Kalisuren Village, Kab. Bogor for the period 5 November - 5 December 202. The design of this study is a descriptive type of research, from 40 pregnant women who consume blood-added tablets (Fe) based on sufficient knowledge 40%, mothers with less knowledge are 32.5%, while those with low knowledge good that is 27.5%.
THE RELATIONSHIP OF PROVISION OF BASIC IMMUNIZATION WITH THE GROWTH OF BABY GROWTH IN PUSKESMAS DISTRICT SAWAH BESAR IN 2021
Authors: Hirfa Turrahmi
Published: November 2023

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the infant mortality rate (IMR) has decreased in recent years. In 2017, the infant mortality rate was 29 deaths per 1000 live births. According to the Central Statistics Agency (BPS), the Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) in DKI Jakarta in 2012 was 22 per 1000 live births, and in 2015 the infant mortality rate was 18 per 1000 live births.2 Basic immunization is very important. given to infants aged 0-12 months to provide immunity from diseases that can be prevented by immunization (PD3I), including Tuberculosis, Diphtheria, Pertussis, Tetanus, Polio, Hepatitis B and Measles. The occurrence of growth and development can be caused because development is closely related to the maturation of individual organ functions. Therefore, this study examines whether there is a relationship between immunization and infant growth and development. This type of research uses a quantitative descriptive method with a cross sectional approach. The population in this study was the total number of infants who were given basic immunization at the Sawah Besar District Health Center. The sampling technique is by random sampling. The results showed that the percentage of basic immunization for infants was 85.7%, incomplete immunization was 14.3%. The percentage of good growth and development is 91.6%, growth is not good 8.6%. The conclusion that there is a relationship with the provision of basic immunization with infant growth and development P(0.000).
Din verden er sponsoreret
Authors: Hejsel Tina , Dam-Christensen Eva
Published: November 2023

I denne artikel præsenteres et designbaseret forskningsprojekt, som giver et bud på, hvordan udskolingselever kan oparbejde digital myndiggørelse. Projektets didaktiske design er udviklet og afprøvet i seks udskolingsklasser med henblik på at undersøge, hvordan teknologiforståelse og et eksisterende fag som dansk kan mødes. Empirien fra vores designbaserede studie medtager både læreres og elevers forståelser af og italesatte udfordringer med at arbejde med en teknologiforståelsesfaglighed integreret i dansk. Projektets resultater viser, hvordan en konkretisering af teknologifaglige begreber kan få betydning for elevernes udvikling af digital myndiggørelse i en didaktisk sammenhæng. Det viser sig at være afhængigt af elevers og læreres multimodale tekstkompetencer samt af lærerens grad af stilladsering. På den baggrund kommer vi med bud på et didaktisk greb, som lærere fremadrettet kan bruge i arbejdet med at rammesætte elevers begyndende digitale myndiggørelse. Lærerne i projektet efterlyser teknologifaglige kompetencer, hvilket også må få konsekvenser for undervisningen på læreruddannelsen.
Sun protection in the treatment of photodermatoses
Authors:   Department of Dermatology, University of Debrecen, Csehely Csilla , Gellén Emese , Sawhney Irina , Remenyik Éva
Published: November 2023

Light-sensitive skin diseases are known as photodermatoses. Photosensitivity is either an increased and/or unusual reaction to normal light, or an unusual skin reaction –as clinical symptoms-. to lower dose or different composition of light. Genetic and environmental factors have different characteristic roles in their development. Symptoms may develop through metabolic, immunological, or unknown (idiopathic) mechanisms. In many cases, the avoidance of the triggering light and sun protection are of important in the prevention of skin symptoms and in the treatment of photodermatoses. However, the patients' quality of life is negatively affected not only by the symptoms, but also by the daily application of sun protection itself. In this article, the authors highlight that in different photodermatoses, depending on their pathomechanism, different special photoprotection is necessary, and the methods used in the average population are not sufficient. Therefor, the use of disease (action spectrum) – specific, effective, and as simple as possible photoprotection methods is desirable.
Forty years of the burn service at the Department of Dermatology in Debrecen
Authors:   Department of Dermatology, University of Debrecen, Juhász István , Szabó Éva , Erdei Irén , Jenei Kluch Lenke , Kiss Hanna , Péter Zoltán
Published: November 2023

For decades the burn patients have been treated at dermatological institutions worldwide, due to the similarities of the burns to certain blistering dermatological conditions. Another explanation was the routine of these clinics in the conservative treatment of wounds and general care of patients with extensive skin defects. Later on, together with more knowledge about the pathomechanism of burns and as the operative treatment became dominant, complex burn care was provided by specialized burn departments. Thanks to these developments, most burn care institutions nowadays are either autonomous centers or departments closely associated with traumatology, intensive care, surgical, pediatric surgical, or plastic surgery clinics. In Debrecen, the second profile is dermatologic surgery, which is now a unique combination, so the burn service is provided by the Department of Dermatology. Since its inauguration in 1983, the department introduced an active, operational burns treatment strategy. In the past forty years it pioneered several ground breaking therapeutic approaches, such as fluidization therapy, negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT), biotechnological wound coverage with keratinocyte suspension and sheets, dermal substitution with Alloderm®, Integra®, etc. Thanks to the continuous improvement of the instrumentation of the burn ward and the specific intensive care unit, it became possible to successfully treat patients with extensive deep burn wounds as well as dermatological crisis situations requiring intensive support. The department has remarkable international connections and scientific publication activities. Despite unfavorable tendencies of the most recent years, reducing the work force of both doctors and related professionals, the burn unit in Debrecen is keen on providing continuous, up to date, high quality professional service to burn patients of our region.
History of the Department of Dermatology of Heim Pál Children’s Hospital
Authors:   Heim Pál National Institute of Pediatrics Department of Dermatology, Pók Zsófia
Published: November 2023

The ancestor of today’s Heim Pál Children’ Hospital was the Royal Hungarian Children’s Home. Here began the hospitalisation of children with skin diseases. After a brief history of the Children's Home and the later Hospital, the author presents the history of the Department of Paediatric Dermatology from 1934 to the present day.
An overview of perforating dermatoses focusing mainly on Kyrle disease
Authors:   Heim Pál National Institute of Pediatrics Department of Dermatology, Győrbíró Csilla , Gál Andrea Izabella , Vass Viktória , Szalai Zsuzsanna Zsófia
Published: November 2023

Four major forms of primary perforating dermatoses have been described. Diagnostic workup may be challenging, the highly advised skin biopsy demonstrates the transepidermal elimination of dermal connective tissue. Hyperkeratosis follicularis et parafollicularis in cutem penetrans also known as “Kyrle’s disease”, is classified as a subtype of acquired perforating dermatoses. Kyrle’s disease is extremely rare in children and is often associated with underlying chronic conditions.
A case of leukemia cutis
Authors:   Heim Pál National Institute of Pediatrics Department of Dermatology, Solti Anna , Fodor Annamária , Nemesánszky Zsuzsanna , Péter György , Szepesi Ágota , Szalai Zsuzsanna Zsófia
Published: November 2023

Leukemia cutis is a subtype of extramedullary leukemia, characterized by the infiltration of the skin with leukemic cells. It affects approximately 5% of the patients diagnosed with leukemia. The disease may appear in any type of leukemia, at any age, with the same distribution in both sexes. The authors report a case of a 14-year-old girl who presented at the Dermatology Department of Heim Pál National Children’s Institute with livid-erythematous nodules on her face, scalp, and trunk. Clinical and laboratory tests suggested lymphoproliferative disease, which was confirmed with histological and bone marrow examination, and acute myeloid leukemia with skin involvement was proven.
The cutan symptoms of precursor B-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma
Authors:   Heim Pál National Institute of Pediatrics Department of Dermatology, Jagodich Mira , Nemesánszky Zsuzsanna , Veres Klára , Péter György , Balázs György , Csomor Judit , Szalai Zsuzsanna Zsófia
Published: November 2023

The case of a 15-year-old boy diagnosed with cutaneous and subcutaneous infiltration of precursor B-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma is presented. The patient’s first skin symptoms appeared 4 months prior to the first hospitalization. According to the parents, it was diagnosed as lipoma by his family doctor and his dermatologist. The differential diagnosis of the case and the clinical features of the pediatric dermatological conditions presenting in nodular form are briefly reviewed.
Dyslipidaemia in patients with chronic kidney disease – a neglected cardiovascular risk factor
Authors: Essop M R , Seedat F , Raal F J
Published: November 2023

Background. Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). In addition, CKD itself is a coronary artery disease equivalent due to its atherogenic potential. Despite the role of CKD in ASCVD and recommendations to control lipid levels aggressively, landmark lipid studies have often excluded patients with advanced CKD. Furthermore, there is a scarcity of data on the use and efficacy of lipid-lowering therapy (LLT) in those with CKD in South Africa (SA). Objectives. To determine the prevalence and control of dyslipidaemia in a cohort of SA patients with CKD.
Methods. A retrospective, cross-sectional observational study of 250 patients with CKD attending the Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital renal clinic from 1 July 2019 to 31 July 2020 was carried out. Lipograms, the use of LLT and achievement of target lipid levels were examined.
Results. The median (interquartile range) age of this cohort was 58 (46 - 69) years; 50.4% were males and 64.4% black African. Dyslipidaemia was prevalent in 83.6% (n=209) of patients. A total of 169 (67.6%) patients were on LLT, and of these only 28 (16.6%) achieved the recommended low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) target. Of those not on LLT, 51 (63%) were eligible for LLT and almost all were classified as either very high risk (64.2%) or high risk (28.4%) for ASCVD. Of those on LLT, all were on statin therapy, of which simvastatin at a mean dose of 20 mg daily was the most commonly prescribed LLT.
Conclusion. This cohort comprised a large proportion of patients classified as high or very high risk for ASCVD. Despite this, the use of LLT was inadequate, and <20% of patients were at target LDL-C levels. These data suggest a greater need for awareness of initiating LLT to achieve recommended target LDL-C levels in patients with CKD.
Improving health outcomes and quality at the subdistrict level: Evaluation of the ‘3 feet model’ in Waterberg District, Limpopo Province, South Africa
Authors: Schneider H , Mukinda F , Cupido J , Wessels J , Kupa P , Leboho P , Nkoana N , Bosch N , Pillay Y
Published: November 2023

Background. There is a gap in understanding of potential roles and actions at the subdistrict level to improve quality of care and health outcomes in South Africa (SA).
Objectives. To report on the evaluation of a subdistrict health system-strengthening initiative that aimed to reduce maternal, newborn and child mortality, referred to as the ‘3 feet model’ in Waterberg District, Limpopo Province, SA. The model is centred on systems of real-time morbidity/mortality surveillance and co-ordinated responses. It was implemented in three of five Waterberg subdistricts over an 18-month period in 2021 and 2022.
Methods. A prospective, process-tracing evaluation was conducted jointly between researchers, intervention partners and subdistrict decision-makers. Data sources combined ~100 hours of researcher participant observation, interviews with 14 health system actors, structured reflections by three subdistrict managers and information from the routine District Health Information System. Sources were triangulated and analysed based on a priori hypotheses on mechanisms of action.
Results. Following uptake of the model, the perinatal mortality rate (PMR) improved by 28.8%, 11.5% and 28% in the three subdistricts, respectively, while the PMR worsened in two of four neighbouring subdistricts. Plausible factors in implementation successes were the presence of stable and committed hybrid (clinical-managerial) subdistrict leaders and their ability to overcome entrenched silos between a variety of system actors; new collaborative relationships between primary healthcare facilities, hospitals and emergency medical services; the generation and packaging of information in ways that directed responses (‘actionable intelligence’); and support from senior district managers.
Conclusion. While not advocating for a cut-and-paste approach to improving quality and outcomes, positive experiences in Waterberg District suggest that the principles and mechanisms of action of the 3 feet model have wider relevance for policy and practice, especially as emphasis shifts towards the subdistrict as a core unit of population health and wellbeing in SA.
Treating drug-resistant tuberculosis in an era of shorter regimens: Insights from rural South Africa
Authors: Lotz J-D K , Porter J , Conradie H , Boyles T , Gaunt B , Dimanda S , Cort D
Published: November 2023

Background. Progressive interventions have recently improved programmatic outcomes in drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) care in South Africa (SA). Amidst these, a shorter regimen was introduced in 2017 with weak evidence, and has shown mixed results. Outcomes still fall short of national targets, and the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has undermined progress to date.
Objectives. To describe the outcomes of participants treated for DR-TB using a shorter, compared with a longer, regimen in a deeply rural SA setting, and to explore other factors affecting these outcomes.
Methods. This retrospective cohort study describes outcomes in short and long DR-TB treatment regimens, over 5 years, at two rural treatment sites in SA. Characteristics were analysed for outcome correlates using multivariable logistic regression models.
Results. Of 282 treatment episodes, 62% were successful, with higher success in shorter (69%) compared with longer regimens (58%). Mortality was approximately 21% in both groups. Characteristics included high proportions of HIV co-infection (61%). Injectables (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 3.00, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.48 - 6.09), bedaquiline (aOR 3.16, 95% CI 1.36 - 7.35), increasing age (aOR 0.97, 95% CI 0.95 - 0.99) and HIV viraemia defined as final HIV-RNA viral load >1 000 copies/mL (aOR 0.16, 95% CI 0.07 - 0.37) were all significantly and independently associated with treatment success. Injectables (aOR 0.22, 95% CI 0.08 - 0.57), bedaquiline (aOR 0.05, 95% CI 0.01 - 0.19), increasing age (aOR 1.09, 95% CI 1.05 - 1.13), extra-pulmonary TB (aOR 8.15, 95% CI 1.62 - 41.03) and HIV viraemia (aOR 9.20, 95% CI 3.22 - 26.24) were all significantly and independently associated with mortality.
Conclusion. In a rural context, treating DR-TB amid limited resources and a high burden of HIV co-infection, we found that after considering controls, a short regimen was no different to a longer regimen in terms of success or mortality. Therefore, by alleviating burdens on multiple stakeholders, a short regimen is likely to be favourable for rural patients, clinicians, and healthcare systems. Besides other previously described correlates of outcomes, HIV viraemia emerged as a novel marker for reliably predicting poor outcomes in DR-TB with HIV co-infection, and a pragmatic target for intervention.
Profile of human papillomavirus genotypes in breast and oesophageal cancer patients in Pretoria, South Africa
Authors: Maroga N , Mokoena T , Ledibane N , Musekiwa A , Bida M , Kgomo M , Lebelo R
Published: November 2023

Background. The association between human papillomavirus (HPV) and cervical cancer is well established, and cervical cancer can be prevented through HPV vaccination. Little has been reported on the association between HPV and breast carcinoma (BC) or oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) in Africa. It is possible that use of appropriate HPV vaccines against genotypes responsible for these cancers may also prevent their development.
Objectives. To investigate HPV genotype prevalence in BC and OSCC patients in Pretoria, South Africa (SA).Methods. A retrospective cross‐sectional study of BC and OSCC patients managed at Steve Biko Academic Hospital from 2015 to 2019 was undertaken. Patient medical records were analysed, and DNA was extracted from their archived pathology material and amplified by polymerase chain reaction before hybridisation for HPV genotypes.Results. There were 101 patients with BC and 50 with OSCC. The prevalence of HPV infection in BC patients was 77.2%, with 35.6% high‐ risk (HR) genotypes, and that in OSCC patients 90.0%, with 56.0% HR genotypes. The most prevalent HPV genotypes (>20% each) were HPV 16, 70 and 51 for BC and HPV 51, 70, 16 and 82 for OSCC, with 31.7% and 60.0% of patients, respectively, having co‐infection with ≥2 genotypes.Conclusion. The high prevalence of infection with multiple HPV genotypes in BC and OSCC patients, with HPV 16, 51, 70, 35 and 82 the most common genotypes in these cancers, warrants expansion of the current SA bivalent HPV 16/18 vaccine for girls to include boys, and inclusion of HPV 51, 70, 35 and 82, in order to prevent BC and OSCC as well as cervical cancer.
Assessing drug safety by identifying the axis of arrhythmia in cardiomyocyte electrophysiology
Authors: Heitmann Stewart , Vandenberg Jamie I , Hill Adam P
Published: November 2023

Many classes of drugs can induce fatal cardiac arrhythmias by disrupting the electrophysiology of cardiomyocytes. Safety guidelines thus require all new drugs to be assessed for pro-arrhythmic risk prior to conducting human trials. The standard safety protocols primarily focus on drug blockade of the delayed-rectifier potassium current (IKr). Yet the risk is better assessed using four key ion currents (IKr, ICaL, INaL, IKs). We simulated 100,000 phenotypically diverse cardiomyocytes to identify the underlying relationship between the blockade of those currents and the emergence of ectopic beats in the action potential. We call that relationship the axis of arrhythmia. It serves as a yardstick for quantifying the arrhythmogenic risk of any drug from its profile of multi-channel block alone. We tested it on 109 drugs and found that it predicted the clinical risk labels with an accuracy of 88.1% to 90.8%. Pharmacologists can use our method to assess the safety of novel drugs without resorting to animal testing or unwieldy computer simulations.Many classes of drugs interfere with the electrical signaling of the heart, leading to arrhythmias and cardiac arrest. Newly developed drugs must therefore undergo mandatory safety testing in animals prior to human trials. Computational models of cardiac electrophysiology offer an ethical alternative, but the current methods are difficult to apply beyond specialist computing laboratories. This study uses such models to identify the underlying relationship between drugs and cardiac arrhythmias. Those findings are then translated into a compact metric that can be applied using simple pen and paper calculations. The new metric allows pharmacology laboratories to assess the safety of novel drugs without using animals or unwieldy computer simulations.
An In-Silico Testbed for Fast and Accurate MR Labeling of Orthopaedic Implants
Authors: Noetscher Gregory M , Serano Peter J. , Horner Marc , Prokop Alexander , Hanson Jonathan , Fujimoto Kyoko , Brown James E. , Nazarian Ara , Ackerman Jerome , Makaroff Sergey N
Published: November 2023

One limitation on the ability to monitor health in older adults using Magnetic Resonance (MR) imaging is the presence of implants, where the prevalence of implantable devices (orthopedic, cardiac, neuromodulation) increases in the population, as does the pervasiveness of conditions requiring MRI studies for diagnosis (musculoskeletal diseases, infections, or cancer). The present study describes a novel multiphysics implant modeling testbed using the following approaches with two examples:an
in-silico
human model based on the widely available Visible Human Project (VHP) cryo-section dataset;a finite element method (FEM) modeling software workbench from Ansys (Electronics Desktop/Mechanical) to model MR radio frequency (RF) coils and the temperature rise modeling in heterogeneous media.The
in-silico
VHP Female model (250 parts with an additional 40 components specifically characterizing embedded implants and resultant surrounding tissues) corresponds to a 60-year-old female with a body mass index (BMI) of 36. The testbed includes the FEM-compatible
in-silico
human model, an implant embedding procedure, a generic parameterizable MRI RF birdcage two-port coil model, a workflow for computing heat sources on the implant surface and in adjacent tissues, and a thermal FEM solver directly linked to the MR coil simulator to determine implant heating based on an MR imaging study protocol. The primary target is MR labeling of large orthopaedic implants. The testbed has very recently been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as a medical device development tool (MDDT) for 1.5 T orthopaedic implant examinations.
Eugenol mimics exercise to promote skeletal muscle fiber remodeling and myokine IL-15 expression by activating TRPV1 channel
Authors: Huang Tengteng , Chen Xiaoling , He Jun , Zheng Ping , Luo Yuheng , Wu Aimin , Yan Hui , Yu Bing , Chen Daiwen , Huang Zhiqing
Published: November 2023

Metabolic disorders are highly prevalent in modern society. Exercise mimetics are defined as pharmacologic compounds that can produce the beneficial effects of fitness. Recently, there has been increased interest in the role of eugenol and transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) in improving metabolic health. The aim of this study was to investigate whether eugenol acts as an exercise mimetic by activating TRPV1. Here, we showed that eugenol improved endurance capacity, caused the conversion of fast to slow muscle fibers, and promoted white fat browning and lipolysis in mice. Mechanistically, eugenol promoted muscle fiber type transformation by activating TRPV1-mediated CaN signaling pathway. Subsequently, we identified IL-15 as a myokine that is regulated by the CaN/Nuclear factor of activated T cells cytoplasmic 1 (NFATc1) signaling pathway. Moreover, we found that TRPV1-mediated CaN/NFATc1 signaling, activated by eugenol, controlled IL-15 levels in C2C12 myotubes. Our results suggest that eugenol may act as an exercise mimetic to improve metabolic health via activating the TRPV1-mediated CaN signaling pathway.
circMSH3 is a potential biomarker for the diagnosis of colorectal cancer and affects the distant metastasis of colorectal cancer
Authors: Shen Jian , Min Yu , Luo Jingen , Tang Xingkui , Han Zeping , Luo Wenfeng , Xie Fangmei , Cao Mingrong , Zhou Taicheng , He Jinhua
Published: November 2023

Objectives

To identify the most significantly differentially expressed circular RNAs (circRNAs) in colorectal cancer (CRC) tissues in terms of their expression levels and circularity, and to analyze the relationship between their expression levels and the clinical characteristics of patients.

Methods

circRNA RNA-seq technology was used to screen differentially expressed circRNAs in CRC. Sanger sequencing was used to identify circRNA back-splice junction sites. The relative expression levels of hsa_circ_0003761 (circMSH3) in CRC tissues and cell lines were detected by quantitative real-time fluorescence PCR technology. An RNA-protein pull-down assay was used to detect protein binding to circRNAs. Dual-luciferase reporter gene vectors were constructed to verify that circRNAs bind to microRNAs.

Results

Four hundred twenty circRNAs were found to be upregulated, and 616 circRNAs were downregulated. circMSH3 was derived from the MutS homolog 3 (MSH3) gene and was formed by a loop of exons 9, 10, 11, and 12. In 110 pairs of CRC and adjacent tissues, circMSH3 expression was 4.487-fold higher in CRC tissues. circMSH3 was also highly expressed in the HT-29 and LOVO CRC cell lines. The expression level of circMSH3 was associated with distant metastasis in CRC patients (P = 0.043); the area under the curve (AUC) of circMSH3 for CRC diagnosis was 0.75, with a sensitivity and specificity of 70.9% and 66.4%, respectively. circMSH3 could bind to a variety of proteins, mainly those involved in RNA transcription, splicing, cell cycle, and cell junctions. Furthermore, circMSH3 could bind to miR-1276, miR-942-5p, and miR-409-3p.

Conclusion

circMSH3 is a potential biomarker for the diagnosis of CRC and affects the distant metastasis of CRC. Multiple RNA-binding protein binds to circMSH3, and circMSH3 binds to miR-1276, miR-942-5p, and miR-409-3p, thereby affecting the expression of circMSH3.
Association of triglyceride-glucose index with the risk of prostate cancer: a retrospective study
Authors: Li Tianqi , Zhou Yijie , Wang Jinru , Xiao Songtao , Duan Yajun , Li Caihong , Gao Yi , An Hengqing , Tao Ning
Published: November 2023

Background

Prostate cancer is the most common malignancy in men, and its incidence is increasing year by year. Some studies have shown that risk factors for prostate cancer are related to insulin resistance. The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index is a marker of insulin resistance. We investigated the validity of TyG index for predicting prostate cancer and the dose-response relationship in prostate cancer in relation to it.

Objective

To investigate the risk factors of TyG index and prostate cancer prevalence.

Methods

This study was screened from the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University and included 767 people, including 136 prostate cancer patients in the case group and 631 healthy people in the control group. The relationship between TyG index and the risk of prostate cancer was analyzed by one-way logistic regression, adjusted for relevant factors, and multi-factor logistic regression analysis was performed to further investigate the risk factors affecting the prevalence of prostate cancer. ROC curves and Restricted Cubic Spline were established to determine the predictive value and dose-response relationship of TyG index in prostate cancer.

Results

Blood potassium (OR = 0.056, 95% CI [0.021–0.148]), total cholesterol (OR = 1.07, 95% CI [0.792–1.444]) and education level (OR = 0.842, 95% CI [0.418–1.697]) were protective factors for prostate cancer, alkaline phosphatase, age, LDL, increased the risk of prostate cancer (OR = 1.016, 95% CI [1.006–1.026]) (OR = 139.253, 95% CI [18.523–1,046.893] (OR = 0.318, 95% CI [0.169–0.596]); TyG index also was a risk factor for prostate cancer, the risk increased with TyG levels,and persons in the TyGQ3 group (8.373–8.854 mg/dL) was 6.918 times (95% CI [2.275–21.043]) higher than in the Q1 group,in the TyGQ4 group (≥8.854) was 28.867 times of those in the Q1 group (95% CI [9.499–87.727]).

Conclusion

TyG index may be a more accurate and efficient predictor of prostate cancer.
Effect of Bovine Collagen on Carbonate- Hydroxyapatite/Titanium Coating: Compressive Strength and Bioactivity Analysis
Authors: Patty Diana Julaidy , Nugraheni Ari Dwi , Ana Ika Dewi , Yusuf Yusril
Published: November 2023

This study aims to analyze the effect of collagen in Titanium/carbonate-hydroxyapatite from Pinctada maxima shells successfully applied in Ti substrate using electrophoretic deposition (EPD) techniques. The pretreatment with HCL on the substrate reduced the compressive strength with a porous surface and excellent adhesion during the EPD process. It is proven that Ti/CHA-1, Ti/CHA-3, and Ti/CHA/Coll increase compressive strength. Furthermore, bioactivity in SBF immersion showed apatite growth on the coating surface, increasing the size of the apatite crystals. The effect collagen in Ti/CHA/Coll substrate showed lower crystallinity and mechanical strength compared to Ti/CHA substrates, but the SEM morphology of bioactivity Ti/CHA/Coll significantly showed the apatite growth on the Ti substrate surface. Ti/CHA/Coll showed excellent mechanical properties and bioactivity as a bone graft substitute.
DEM Simulation for the Predicted Model of Total Rice Seeds Mass in a Vibratory Conveyor
Authors: Arunyanart Pirapat , Sudsawat Supattarachai
Published: November 2023

This research aims to achieve the maximum total rice mass output for the vibratory conveyor by selecting the suitable machine parameters. The techniques that were implemented to maximize the total rice mass output are the Design of Experiment (DOE) and the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) based on the Discrete Element Method (DEM). The driving frequency, vibrating amplitude, and vibration angle were shown as significant parameters and the optimal exact methodology was employed to seek these suitable values by DEM simulation test. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used to validate experiments. This research outcome can be a good guide method for the vibratory conveyor design by implementing DEM simulation along with DOE and RSM.
Production Model under the Integrated Approach of Lean Manufacturing and SLP to Increase Efficiency in A Company of the Metal Mechanic Sector
Authors: Barreto-Guillen Marcelo Augusto , Gonzales-Sassarini Mauricio , Quiroz-Flores Juan Carlos
Published: November 2023

Metal mechanics plays a relevant role in the entire productive structure of the economy since it is an indispensable supplier of capital goods such as equipment, infrastructure, spare parts, and machines. However, the lack of efficient production processes, the high rate of defective products, and unnecessary routes in factories and production workshops are some of the frequent problems that companies in this area have that directly affect their productivity. Consequently, extreme routes and the profiling area have been identified as the main bottlenecks in the production process, impacting production efficiency. Therefore, the main objective of this case study is to demonstrate how the implementation of Lean tools has managed to increase the efficiency of the process for the production of thermoacoustic panels, reducing unnecessary routes and defective products. The proposed model comprises Lean tools such as the standardization of work and the 5S methodology and the Systematic Layout Planning (SLP) was also applied to carry out the redistribution of activities. A simulation was carried out in the Arena software to validate the improvement proposal’s results. The results obtained from the simulation were an increase of 19.24% in the overall efficiency of the process, a decrease of 42.4% in hours lost due to defective products, and a 26.7% reduction in downtime.
Resource Use and Economic Potential of Chickpea Cultivation in Haryana, India
Authors: Pawar Neeraj , Dhillon Ashok , Singh Gulab , Sumit  , Malik D. P.
Published: November 2023

The study was conducted in Bhiwani, Dadri and Mahendragarh districts of Haryana during the year 2021-22. Budgeting technique was employed to draw practical implications and production function was used for measure the extent of resource use in chickpea cultivation for taking policy decisions to encourage its cultivation in Haryana. The Negative growth rates of area and production of chickpea was observed in Haryana during last two decades (2000-01 to 2020-21). In same period owing large replacement of area towards mustard and wheat. The gross and net returns of Chickpea cultivation in Haryana worked out were Rs. 75842 ha-1 andRs. 21550 ha-1. The value of B:C ratio was 1.40 over total cost. The Marginal value productivity (MVP) Value of Chemical fertilizer, plant protection chemicals, machinery and irrigation was greater than unity for Bhiwani, Dadri, Mahendragarh and Haryana which indicates that these inputs were underutilized in the respective districts and Haryana. On the other side, the value of MVP were less than unity for Human Labour and seed in all districts indicating that these resources were over utilized, needs to be curtailed for higher returns. The major Constraints faced by Chickpea growers were unavailability of improved varieties in local market (85.83%), Price realization less than M.S.P./underpricing their produce (80.83%), Non-adoption of package of practice/ low input used (75.83%) and high incidence of insect-pest (64.17%).
An Observational Study of Clinical and Microbiological Profile of Esophageal Candidiasis in a Tertiary Care Center, Madras City, India
Authors: Ramesh Paila , Kumaran Muthu , Rajeevan  , Ramani  , Kumar Prem , Shubha I. , Kini P. Ratnakar , Murali  , Chezhian A. , Selvi Caroline , Aravind
Published: November 2023

Back Ground: Esophageal candidiasis, previously believed to be limited to immunocompromised individuals, is now on the rise among those with healthy immune systems. This condition can be severely debilitating, and if not managed effectively, it can lead to persistent and enduring infections.The clinical spectrum,predisposing factors and microbiological profile of esophageal candidiasis has not been evaluated previously in our hospital.
Aim: To analyze the clinical and microbiological profile of patients with esophageal candidiasis.
Methods: The study conducted at Madras Medical College in Chennai during 2021-2022 is an observational study centered at a single institution. It involved a cohort of 100 patients diagnosed with candida esophagitis who met the specified inclusion criteria. The diagnosis of candida esophagitis (EC) in the study was established through the identification of characteristic candidal plaques during endoscopy. Biopsies were taken using standard biopsy forceps, and the diagnosis was confirmed through pathological examination, which revealed the presence of yeast forms typical for candida invading the esophageal mucosa.
Results: During the study period, around 16,000 upper endoscopies were performed in our endoscopy unit. The main findings of our study was that the prevalence of EC was less observed (0.62%, 100/16000).One fourth (26%) of our cases were presented with dysphagia followed by nausea (15%), dyspepsia (15%), asymptomatic (11%), regurgitation (9%), chest discomfort (8%), vomiting (6%), odynophagia (5%) and hiccups (5%). More than half (59%) of cases during endoscopy were grade 1 esophageal candidiasis followed by grade 2 EC (32%), grade 3 EC (8%) & oropharyngeal candidiasis observed in (1%). More than one third (39%) of cases candida lesions observed in distal esophagus followed by entire esophagus in (27%), mid esophagus in (24%) and upper esophagus in (10%). KOH mount positive in 56% cases and more than 2/3rd (67%) of EC were due to candida albicans species & one fifth (20%) showed resistance to fluconazole.
Conclusion: In conclusion, Candida esophagitis may be more common than previously suspected. Neither the presenting symptoms nor the endoscopy findings are always classic for this disease. Large-size prospective studies are needed to further identify the clinical & microbiological profile of esophageal candidiasis.
A Slow Beat and a Dizzying Feat: COVID-19 Related Bradyarrhythmia
Authors: Chowdhury Tutul , Sajeev Annmarie T. , Dey Proma , Shahzed S. M. Eram , Hassan Khondokar N. , Faizia Sharmin , Begum Rokeya , Roy Padmaja Deb , Mizan Iffath
Published: November 2023

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) was formerly thought to be a respiratory ailment, however it has since been discovered to have an impact on practically all organ systems. Bradycardia is a recently identified COVID-19 ramification with uncertain prognostic significance. To the best of our knowledge, very few case reports have been reported on marked bradycardia as a complication of Covid-19 infection. Studies have revealed a higher risk of mortality in individuals with underlying cardiovascular disease as well as an increase in the prevalence of arrhythmias, cardiomyopathies, myocarditis, and acute coronary syndromes in infected patients. We report a case of a 72 year old male patient who exhibited persistent bradycardia following COVID-19 infection resulting in significant dizziness as a symptom. Clinicians should be aware of the mechanism by which COVID-19 affects the cardiovascular system and the drug side effects that are used in the treatment strategy for this fatal virus, even if the pathophysiology of bradycardia in COVID-19 may be multifactorial. A thorough review examining bradyarrhythmia and relative bradycardia in COVID-19-infected patients has not yet been published.
Emerging Importance of Viral Transport Media in High-Throughput Sequencing Fidelity for Genomic Analysis
Authors: Beniwal Nisha , Saharan Baljeet Singh
Published: November 2023

The impact of Viral Transport Media (VTM) components on the efficacy and accuracy of high-throughput Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) techniques is a subject of paramount importance in the field of viral genomics and diagnostics. VTMs play a pivotal role in preserving viral samples, and their composition can profoundly influence the quality and reliability of NGS results. This study explores the intricate relationship between VTM components and NGS outcomes, with a focus on optimizing diagnostic precision and the efficiency of NGS in viral genomics. Through comprehensive investigation, this research sheds light on the critical implications of VTM composition for enhancing viral genomic analysis, streamlining diagnostic processes, and bolstering public health responses. The findings have far-reaching consequences, including the potential for personalized medicine, rapid detection of emerging viral threats, and the improvement of public health surveillance. Standardized protocols and ongoing technological advancements are essential in harnessing the full potential of NGS for genomics and metagenomics, marking a significant step toward more effective viral disease management and outbreak response.
Deep‐neural network approaches for predicting 3D dose distribution in intensity‐modulated radiotherapy of the brain tumors
Authors: Irannejad Maziar , Abedi Iraj , Lonbani Vida Darbaghi , Hassanvand Maryam
Published: November 2023

Purpose

The aim of this study is to reduce treatment planning time by predicting the intensity‐modulated radiotherapy 3D dose distribution using deep learning for brain cancer patients. “For this purpose, two different approaches in dose prediction, i.e., first only planning target volume (PTV) and second PTV with organs at risk (OARs) as input of the U‐net model, are employed and their results are compared.”

Methods and Materials

The data of 99 patients with glioma tumors referred for IMRT treatment were used so that the images of 90 patients were regarded as training datasets and the others were for the test. All patients were manually planned and treated with sixth‐field IMRT; the photon energy was 6MV. The treatment plans were done with the Collapsed Cone Convolution algorithm to deliver 60 Gy in 30 fractions.

Results

The obtained accuracy and similarity for the proposed methods in dose prediction when compared to the clinical dose distributions on test patients according to MSE, dice metric and SSIM for the Only‐PTV and PTV‐OARs methods are on average (0.05, 0.851, 0.83) and (0.056, 0.842, 0.82) respectively. Also, dose prediction is done in an extremely short time.

Conclusion

The same results of the two proposed methods prove that the presence of OARs in addition to PTV does not provide new knowledge to the network and only by defining the PTV and its location in the imaging slices, does the dose distribution become predictable. Therefore, the Only‐PTV method by eliminating the process of introducing OARs can reduce the overall designing time of treatment by IMRT in patients with glioma tumors.
Clinical importance of changes in magnetic resonance biomarkers for Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Authors: Willcocks Rebecca J. , Barnard Alison M. , Daniels Michael J. , Forbes Sean C. , Triplett William T. , Brandsema John F. , Finanger Erika L. , Rooney William D. , Kim Sarah , Wang Dah‐Jyuu , Lott Donovan J. , Senesac Claudia R. , Walter Glenn A. , Sweeney H. Lee , Vandenborne Krista
Published: November 2023

Objective

Magnetic resonance (MR) measures of muscle quality are highly sensitive to disease progression and predictive of meaningful functional milestones in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). This investigation aimed to establish the reproducibility, responsiveness to disease progression, and minimum clinically important difference (MCID) for multiple MR biomarkers at different disease stages in DMD using a large natural history dataset.

Methods

Longitudinal MR imaging and spectroscopy outcomes and ambulatory function were measured in 180 individuals with DMD at three sites, including repeated measurements on two separate days (within 1 week) in 111 participants. These data were used to calculate day‐to‐day reproducibility, responsiveness (standardized response mean, SRM), minimum detectable change, and MCID. A survey of experts was also performed.

Results

MR spectroscopy fat fraction (FF), as well as MR imaging transverse relaxation time (MRI‐T2), measures performed in multiple leg muscles, and had high reproducibility (Pearson's R > 0.95). Responsiveness to disease progression varied by disease stage across muscles. The average FF from upper and lower leg muscles was highly responsive (SRM > 0.9) in both ambulatory and nonambulatory individuals. MCID estimated from the distribution of scores, by anchoring to function, and via expert opinion was between 0.01 and 0.05 for FF and between 0.8 and 3.7 ms for MRI‐T2.

Interpretation

MR measures of FF and MRI T2 are reliable and highly responsive to disease progression. The MCID for MR measures is less than or equal to the typical annualized change. These results confirm the suitability of these measures for use in DMD and potentially other muscular dystrophies.