bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Representações sociais de direitos humanos produzidas por estudantes do Ensino Médio
Authors: Oliveira Ricardo Gonçalves Vaz de , Pereira Caroline Rocha
Published: April 2020

Com a cultura e a prática dos Direitos Humanos no campo educacional, pretende-se abrir espaços para o diálogo, a crítica, a tolerância, a compreensão e o respeito ao outro, contribuindo para a democratização e alteridade na escola. Busca-se ainda oportunizar a formação de sujeitos autônomos, conscientes dos seus direitos e deveres, preparados para o pleno exercício da cidadania. Nesse sentido, a questão de fundo que orienta a presente pesquisa é: como os estudantes do ensino médio representam os Direitos Humanos e como estão assimilando seus direitos e deveres, na vida e na escola? A presente investigação encontra-se referenciada no método de análise das representações sociais, sistematizado por Moscovici (2003), Jodelet (2001) e colaboradores, que se baseia na análise das práticas discursivas dos participantes, estudantes do ensino médio, de uma escola pública. As entrevistas foram gravadas, transcritas e sistematizadas por meio do procedimento de análise de conteúdo (BARDIN, 1979), obtendo-se assim, 10 categorias temáticas que foram analisadas e discutidas. Em conclusão tem-se que há uma problemática relacionada ao ensino de Direitos Humanos na Escola, que vem como um desafio para educadores e pesquisadores, que tem a missão de elaborar estratégias e métodos capazes de gerar conscientização e mudança de realidade.
Direito à moradia: uma utopia para os catadores de resíduos sólidos na cidade de Fortaleza - Ceará
Authors: Carvalho Isabel Freitas , Maciel Letícia Brena , Gomes Ana Virgínia Moreira
Published: April 2020

O artigo teve por escopo demonstrar o exercício ou não do direito à moradia entre os catadores de resíduos na cidade de Fortaleza - Ce. O princípio da dignidade da pessoa humana é um dos princípios essenciais e basilares no direito brasileiro, por isso todos os demais princípios e regras lhes devem observância. A Constituição Federal instituiu como fundamental o direito à moradia que deve está ligado diretamente com o direito a vida e, consequentemente, com a dignidade da pessoa humana. Só é possível o pleno exercício do direito à moradia se essa for digna. Moradia digna é muito mais que uma edificação de um espaço físico de abrigo, é uma construção devidamente integrada ao espaço urbano e aos serviços públicos para que, os indivíduos que nela residem possam viver com dignidade. Nas entrevistas com os catadores de resíduos em Fortaleza, 43,75% não possuem um lugar para morar, vivem na rua, numa condição de vulnerabilidade extrema, expostos a contaminação de doenças e sujeitos a qualquer situação de violência. A pesquisa demonstrou que a renda financeira obtida por esses catadores é insuficiente para cobrir os gastos com uma moradia. Ao final, evidenciou-se que o direito à moradia não é exercido pelos entrevistados e que, as políticas publicas existentes não garantem a efetivação desse direito entre os catadores de resíduos. O artigo se desenvolveu por meio de uma pesquisa empírica, de campo de caráter quantitativo, por meio de 32 questionários. Foi feita, também, pesquisa bibliográfica e documental.
Soldada e tutela de órfãos nas últimas décadas do século XIX. Legislação e prática judiciária
Authors: Rangel Alan Wruck Garcia
Published: April 2020

O objetivo principal do artigo é confrontar legislação e prática judiciária nas duas últimas décadas do século XIX pelo estudo da soldada e tutela de órfãos. Por meio de pesquisa empírica, desenvolvida a partir da base de dados do acervo judiciário do Arquivo Nacional, pretende-se conhecer a aplicação das Ordenações Filipinas e sua adaptação em um contexto diferente do local da sua produção. Apoiado em metodologia de pesquisa por amostra simples, o estudo apresenta uma ampla reflexão sobre aculturação jurídica, o uso da legislação portuguesa em território nacional, e sua adaptação à sociedade escravocrata no período de transição do Império para a República. Por essa operação se conhece também a atividade do judiciário e os mecanismos judiciais elaborados para solucionar o problema da orfandade, além de nos informar sobre os diferentes estatutos jurídicos dos menores que passam pelo juiz de órfãos.
Standard negation in Chibchan
Authors: Van der Auwera Johan van der , Krasnoukhova Olga
Published: April 2020

This paper surveys the form and the position of the negators of declarative verbal main clauses in the Chibchan languages. It attempts to describe the similarities and the differences, and it ventures hypotheses about the diachrony, primarily with an appeal to the Jespersen and Negative Existential Cycles. It sketches if and how the negators fit more general areal patterning, in particular, the Columbian Central American linguistic area.
EDUKASI DENGAN PENDEKATAN PRINSIP DIABETES SELF MANAGEMENT EDUCATION (DSME) MENINGKATKAN PERILAKU KEPATUHAN DIET PADA PENDERITA DIABETES MELLITUS TIPE 2
Authors: Laili Nadia Rohmatul , Dewi Yulis Setiya , Wahyuni Erna Dwi
Published: April 2020

Introduction: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is one of the incurable cronic diseases. The patient’s dietary obedience is a principal component in diabetes treatment success. One of the efforts to increase dietary obedience behavior in type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients is using a Diabetes Self Management Education (DSME) principles approach. Diabetes Self Management Education (DSME) is the ongoing process of facilitating knowledge, skill and ability necessary for diabetes self care. The purpose of this study was to analyze the influence of DSME principles approach toward the dietary obedience behavior that consists of knowledge, attitude, and practice aspects in patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus at Puskesmas Kebonsari Surabaya.Methods: A quasy experimental design was used in this study with 24 people as the sample which taken by using purposive sampling and divided into two groups (treatment and control group). A structured questionnaire and daily meal note for seven days were used to collect the data. The data were analyzed by using Wilcoxon signed rank test and Mann Whitney U test with significant level α≤0.05. Result: The results showed that there was an influence of DSME principles approach after being applied to the treatment group and control group toward the dietary knowledge with the value of p=0.004 and p=0.083 respectively, the attitude of dietary obedience with p=0.025 and p=0.083 and the dietary obedience practice with p=0.002 and p=0.564.Discussion: The study showed that DSME approach had a significant influence toward the dietary obedience behavior in type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients. DSME principles approach used learning based on patient empowerment and behavior strategies. Ongoing support also contributed in maintaining progress achieved so that resulting dietary obedience behavior in type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients. Larger respondents, more proper instruments and longer duration of study are needed to get a better results of the study concerning diabetic patient’s obedience in the future.
Pendidikan Kesehatan Metode Demonstrasi dan Ceramah Meningkatkan Kemampuan Latihan Batuk Efektif pada Anak Usia Sekolah
Authors: Magfiroh Syahtya Dzulandita , Kurnawati Ninuk Dian , Kristiawati Kristiawati
Published: April 2020

Introduction: Cough is one of clinical manifestations of respiratory tract infection. Technique of effective cough helps remove pleghm more easily during cough. However, the optimum implementation of effective cough has not been performed well. Changing the behavior of practicing effective cough to students needs a lot effort. One of it is by giving health education using the demonstration and lecture. The aimed of this study was to analyze the effectiveness of health education the knowledge, attitudes and actions of practicing effective cough between the demonstration method and lecture to students. Method: A quasy experiment research design was used in this study. The sample was students of SDN Grogol Sidoarjo and there were 44 students. Purposive sampling was used in this study. Data were obtained using questionnaires and standard operational procedures.Result: The effectiveness of health education between the demonstration used and lecture were analyzed using Mann Whitney U Test. The results showed that demonstration and lecture were effective to change knowledge, attitudes and actions of students with p=0.004, p=0.003, and p=0.003 respectively. Discussion: The author concluded that the demonstrations and lecture can enhance the ability to perform effective cough practice. However, the demonstration is more effective to be applied to students in order to improve their ability to practice effective cough because demonstration directly exhibit something that’s followed by students in order to the knowledge or skill is easier to br memorized.
Perbedaan Communication Back Massage dan Back Massage dalam Menurunkan Tekanan Darah Pada Klien dengan Lansia dengan Hipertensi
Authors: Arifin Rizal , Harmayetty Harmayetty , Sriyono Sriyono
Published: April 2020

Introduction: There are many drugs in the effort to cure hypertension for the old that in fact have bad influence because they cause dependence and are risky with misestimated doses. Communication back massage and back massage are two of complementary therapies recommended to lower blood pressure due to each relaxation effects are good. This study aims to clarify the difference of communication back maassage and back massage to reduce blood pressure. Method: This study was used quasy experimental design. The total samples in this study were 14 old patients who got hypertension. They were divided into 2 groups, one of the groups was treated with communication back massage and the other one was only treated with back massage. The independent variable was communication back massage and back massage. The dependent variable was blood pressure, which was observed for 5 days. Data were collected using aneroid sphygmomanometer and observation paper then analysis was implemented using Paired t-test with level significance α≤0.05 and Independent t-test with level significance α≤0.05. Result: The result showed that blood pressure decrease in significantly both in group one and group two (p=0.04 in group one and p=0.046 in group two). Between the group one and the group two, there was no difference on blood pressure reduction (p=0.315). Discussion: Communication back massage and back massage have a same effect on blood pressure reduction in old patient who get hipetension. The possible explanation for these findings is that communication back massage and back massage have a relaxation effect that can decrease norepinefrin, decrease ADH and increase endorphine. The decrease of norepinephrine can widen blood vessel. The decrease of ADH can reduce excessive fluid in the blood circulation. The increase of endhorphine can reduce sympathetic nerve activity. Therefore, blood pressure level will be decreased.
Kepatuhan Pengelolaan Penyakit Diabetes mellitus Tipe II melalui Peer Group Support di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Kebonsari Surabaya
Authors: Diatiningsih Yuyun , Kusnanto Kusnanto , Bakar Abu
Published: April 2020

Introduction: Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic disease that cannot be cured so that compliance is required to manage the disease. Patient compliance is in accordance with the provisions of the behavior of health workers. The aimed of this study was to analyze the effect of peer group support on the compliance of type 2 Diabetes mellitus disease management.Methods: This research was used a quasy experiment pre post test designed. The selection of sample using a purposive sampling and was obtained 16 respondents from 77 population. The independent variable was a peer group support that carried out for two weeks while dependent variable was dietary compliance, exercise and drugs consumption which data was collected by observation sheet. The data were analyzed using Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test and Mann Whitney U Test with significantvalue of ≤α 0.05.Result: The results showed that there was increase of dietary compliance (p=0.012) but there was no effect of peer group support for dietary compliance (p=0.14), the increase of exercise compliance (p=0.012) and there was effect of peer group support for exercisecompliance (p=0.004), and the increase of drugs consumption compliance (p=0.027) and there was effect of peer group support for drugs consumption compliance (p=0.048).Discussion: It can be concluded that peer group support had good effect to improve dietary compliance, exercise, and drugs consumption so that blood sugar could be controlled. Larger respondents, more proper instruments and longer duration of study will be needed to get a better result of the further research.
Tingkat Kecemasan dan Stabilitas Tanda Vital pada Pasien Pra Operasi Paska Sensory Motor Body Therapy
Authors: Wijaya Cipta Perdana , Nursalam Nursalam , Hadisuyatmana Setho
Published: April 2020

Introduction:.Anxiety arises from physical, psychological and other pressure of threats. Anxiety may occure in patients who are planned for surgery, from mild untill severe anxiety, that also involving changes in vital signs. One of the techniques used to reduce the anxiety is sensory motor body therapy. Nevertheless, this therapy has not been proven yet reduce an anxiety of elective surgery patients. Therefore, this study was aimed to investigate the effect of sensory motor body therapy on anxiety level and vital sign of pra operation patients.Method:The research was`used a quasy experiment (pre and post with control group). Sample on this study were 26 respondents which divided into 2 groups, the control and treatment group. The independent variable was sensory motor body therapy whereas the dependent variables were blood pressure, heart rate and respiration rate. The data were collected using Zung self-rating anxiety scale (SAS/ SRAS) and vital signs observation and were then tested using Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test, Mann Whitney Test, Paired t-Test and Independent t-Test with significant level of p<0.05.Result:Sensory motor body therapy has been an effect in anxiety level (p=0.001), systole pressure (p=0.020) and respiration rate (p=0.001). But, it has not been an effect in diastole pressure (p=0.316) and heart rate (p=0.481) because of most patients were in the normal boundary.Discussion:Based on the reseach results, we can conclude that sensory motor body therapy in pra operation have a significant role in controling patients anxiety level, systole pressure and respiration rate. For further study, next researcher can improve a new method of sensory motor body therapy on anxiety in pra operation patient.
Perception of People Living With HIV/AIDS Affecting Lost to Follow-Up of ARV Therapy
Authors: Manowati Lilik , Purwaningsih Purwaningsih , Bakar Abu
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACTIntroduction: HIV/AIDS sufferers must consume antiretrovirals every day and control routinely each month to take ARVs in the hospital. The condition make patients having a risk of lost to follow up attitude. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors related to the attitude of lost to follow-up on people living with hiv/aids with arv therapy at rsud dr. soetomo surabaya. Method: This study used descriptive correlation design with a cross-sectional approach. The population were 135 patients and 100 patients were required as research participant with consequtive sampling. Independent variables were perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived barrier to action, perceived benefits of action, cues to action, and self efficacy. The dependent variable was lost to follow up behavior. Data were obtained by questionnaire and analyzed with Spearman's Rho. Result: There was a relationship between perceived susceptability (p=0.002), perceived severity (p=0.025), perceived barrier to action (p=0.022) and cues to action (p=0.011) with lost to follow-up behavior. There was no correlation between perceived benefit of action (p=0.196) and self efficacy (p=0.071) with lost to follow-up behavior. Discussion: Knowledge and awareness regarding the importance taking antiretroviral drugs regularly and control routinely needs to be increased for patients with antiretroviral drugs. Further researchers are advised to conduct in-depth research (qualitative research) related to the causes of lost to follow-up behaviour thus.
Self-Efficacy of Instrument Nurse during the Assignment of Earthquake Disaster in Nusa Tenggara Barat (NTB)
Authors: Hidayati Laily , Wahyudi Andri Setiya , Tirmidzi Achmad
Published: April 2020

Introduction: Nurse is the spearhead of hospital services at disaster, which is also links to the Integrated Emergency Response System (SPGDT). This study aims to describe self efficacy of instrument nurse during the assignment period. Method: The study used a qualitative design with descriptive phenomenology approach. The study population was instrument nurse assigned to the earthquake in West Nusa Tenggara (NTB), the study sample was obtained by snowball sampling, participants were 16 instrument nurse. Method of collecting data using in-depth interview. Data collection tools used are voice recorder, interview guideline, and field note. Data is processed by thematic analysis according to Colaizzi. Results: Nurses' self efficacy can be seen from a positive assessment of their capabilities as evidenced by expressing understanding, forming a team, and establishing an emergency response team. In addition, nurse have high motivation to do assignments, and nurse show a positive attitude when appointed to work in NTB. Discussion: Knowledge, attitudes, and motivation of nurses, will be build a nurse self efficacy. Nurses who have high self efficacy, are confident in their abilities in carrying out their duties, will be able to carry out their duties well despite the demands and high workload.
Efektifitas Penggunaan ATS (Australasian Triage Scale) Modifikasi Terhadap Response Time Perawat Di Instalasi Gawat Darurat
Authors: Banoet Sofiyanti Normalinda , Harmayetty Harmayetty , Hidayati Laily
Published: April 2020

Introduction: Triage is the process of sorting patients according to their severity. However, the phenomena that occur in the emergency room of some hospitals are different, triage is not carried out according to the standards. This is due to many factors, one of which is the triage model used. The purpose of this study was to look at the relationship between the use of Standard Operations Procedure for admitting new patients using ATS triage which was modified with the speed of response of nurses in the Emergency Installation. Method: This study used a correlative analytical design with a case study approach. The total population is 31 people and a sample of 28 people was obtained through inclusion and exclusion criteria. The independent variable in this study was the use of ATS (Australasian Triage Scale) and the dependent variable in this study is the nurse's Response Time. Data obtained by means of sample observation and analyzed using the Spearman correlation test rho. Results: There was no association between the use of ATS (Australasian Triage Scale) modification and the response time of nurses in the morning shift (p = 0.720), day shift (p = 0.866) and night shift (p = 0.173).Discussion: From the results of the study there was no relationship between the use of ATS (Australasian Triage Scale) and the response time of nurses in the morning, afternoon and night shift. The use of ATS modification and the response time of nurses that are appropriate and fast are found in morning service. This is caused by several factors both from the nurses themselves and from the hospital. Most nurses do not get training in Triage and this affects nurses' skills in sorting patients.
Edukasi Kesehatan: Perawatan Kaki terhadap Pengetahuan, Sikap dan Tindakan Pencegahan Ulkus Kaki Diabetik
Authors: Munali Munali , Kusnanto Kusnanto , Nihayati Hanik Endang , Arifin Hidayat , Pradipta Rifky Octavia
Published: April 2020

Introduction: People with diabetes mellitus were at 15% risk of developing diabetic foot ulcers. Diabetic foot ulcers can be prevented if people with DM have the knowledge, positive attitude and thus able to perform the diabetic foot care. The aim was to determine the effect of health education on knowledge, attitudes and preventionof diabetic foot ulcers of people with diabetes mellitus. Method: quasi-experiment research design pretest-posttest control group design. Sample was DM patients who visited the Bangkalan City Health Center, recruited by purposive sampling technique with sample size of 35 people in the treatment group and 35 people in the control group. Independent variable was the health education and the dependent variables were knowledge, attitudes and of diabetic foot ulcers. Data were collected with questionnaires andthen analyzed by Wilcoxon Sign Rank Test and Mann-Whitney Test.Result: The results showed that there was an effect of health education on knowledge (p=0.000), attitudes (p=0.000) and preventive actions (p=0.000) of diabetic foot ulcers.Conclussion: Health education was important as an effort to persuade DM patients to take charge on their knowledge and attitude foot care by firstly enhancing.
Necessity of Reviewing and Establishing the National Guidelines Regarding Antimicrobial Therapy for Bacterial Isolates
Authors: Dr. Irfan Ali Mirza  , Dr. Humaira Zafar  , Dr. Wajid Hussain
Published: April 2020

The emergence of anti-microbial resistance (AMR) is one the biggest challenges faced by the clinicians around the Globe. To coup up with the situation, further management options are heading towards deficiency. In such condition appropriate selection of antibiotics in light of results obtained from culture and sensitivity harbors great significance. The currently used microbiological diagnostic and management options are based upon the guidelines derived from Western data.  The National data regarding accurate guidelines for diagnostic and management modalities are deficient. Therefore, the objectives of this review article will be to identify the significance of reviewing and establishing the National guidelines, as a stride to reduce AMR. The literature review had emphasized the need of reviewing and establishing the regional and National guidelines as a significant factor to reduce anti-microbial resistance.
The Complexity of Mathematics
Authors: Vega Frank
Published: April 2020

In mathematics, the Riemann hypothesis is a conjecture that the Riemann zeta function has its zeros only at the negative even integers and complex numbers with real part 1/2. Many consider it to be the most important unsolved problem in pure mathematics. It is one of the seven Millennium Prize Problems selected by the Clay Mathematics Institute to carry a US 1,000,000 prize for the first correct solution. We prove the Riemann hypothesis using the Complexity Theory. Number theory is a branch of pure mathematics devoted primarily to the study of the integers and integer-valued functions. The Goldbach's conjecture is one of the most important and unsolved problems in number theory. Nowadays, it is one of the open problems of Hilbert and Landau. We show the Goldbach's conjecture is true using the Complexity Theory as well. An important complexity class is 1NSPACE(S(n)) for some S(n). These mathematical proofs are based on if some unary language belongs to 1NSPACE(S(log n)), then the binary version of that language belongs to 1NSPACE(S(n)) and vice versa.
Soft Sensing Based In Situ Control of Thermo-Fluidic Processes in DoD Inkjet Printing
Authors: Das Amritam , Princen Martijn , Shokrpour Mahnaz , Khalate Amol , WEILAND SIEP
Published: April 2020

This paper introduces a closed-loop control strategy for maintaining consistency of liquid temperature in commercial Drop on Demand (DoD) inkjet printing. No additional sensors or additional actuators are installed in the printhead while achieving the consistency in liquid temperature. To this end, this paper presents a novel in situ sensing-actuation policy at every individual liquid-nozzle, where the jetting mechanism has three distinct roles. It is used for jetting liquid droplet onto the print media based on the print-job. It is used as a soft sensor to estimate the real-time liquid temperature of the jetting nozzle. While not jetting liquid, it is used as a heating actuator to minimize the gradient of liquid temperature among nozzles. The soft sensing based in situ controller is implemented in an experimentally validated digital twin that models the thermo-fluidic processes of the printhead. The digital twin is scalable and flexible to incorporate an arbitrary number of liquid-nozzles, making the control strategy applicable for future designs of the printhead.
Comparative Analysis of Machine Learning Algorithms for Computer-Assisted Reporting Based on Fully Automated Cross-Lingual RadLex® Mappings
Authors: Maros Máté E. , Cho Chang Gyu , Junge Andreas G. , Kämpgen Benedikt , Saase Victor , Siegel Fabian , Trinkmann Frederik , Ganslandt Thomas , Wenz Holger
Published: April 2020

Objectives: Studies evaluating machine learning (ML) algorithms on cross-lingual RadLex® mappings for developing context-sensitive radiological reporting tools are lacking. Therefore, we investigated whether ML-based approaches can be utilized to assist radiologists in providing key imaging biomarkers – such as The Alberta stroke programme early CT score (APECTS). Material and Methods: A stratified random sample (age, gender, year) of CT reports (n=206) with suspected ischemic stroke was generated out of 3997 reports signed off between 2015-2019. Three independent, blinded readers assessed these reports and manually annotated clinico-radiologically relevant key features. The primary outcome was whether ASPECTS should have been provided (yes/no: 154/52). For all reports, both the findings and impressions underwent cross-lingual (German to English) RadLex®-mappings using natural language processing. Well-established ML-algorithms including classification trees, random forests, elastic net, support vector machines (SVMs) and boosted trees were evaluated in a 5 x 5-fold nested cross-validation framework. Further, a linear classifier (fastText) was directly fitted on the German reports. Ensemble learning was used to provide robust importance rankings of these ML-algorithms. Performance was evaluated using derivates of the confusion matrix and metrics of calibration including AUC, brier score and log loss as well as visually by calibration plots. Results: On this imbalanced classification task SVMs showed the highest accuracies both on human-extracted- (87%) and fully automated RadLex® features (findings: 82.5%; impressions: 85.4%). FastText without pre-trained language model showed the highest accuracy (89.3%) and AUC (92%) on the impressions. Ensemble learner revealed that boosted trees, fastText and SVMs are the most important ML-classifiers. Boosted trees fitted on the findings showed the best overall calibration curve. Conclusions: Contextual ML-based assistance suggesting ASPECTS while reporting neuroradiological emergencies is feasible, even if ML-models are restricted to be developed on limited and highly imbalanced data sets.
Neutrophil Involvement in Covid-19
Authors: Didangelos Athanasios
Published: April 2020

Covid-19 is often related to hyperinflammation that drives lung or multi-organ injury. The immunopathological mechanisms that cause excessive inflammation following SARS-Cov-2 infection are under investigation while different approaches to limit hyperinflammation in affected patients are being proposed. Here, a computational protein-protein interaction network approach was used on recently available data to identify possible Covid-19 inflammatory mechanisms and bioactive genes. First, network analysis of putative SARS-Cov-2 cellular receptors and their directly associated proteins, led to the mining of a robust neutrophil response signature and multiple relevant inflammatory genes. Second, analysis of RNA-seq datasets of lung epithelial cells infected with SARS-Cov-2 revealed that infected cells specifically expressed neutrophil-attracting chemokines, further supporting the likely role of neutrophils in Covid-19 inflammation. Third, analysis of RNA-seq datasets of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from Covid-19 patients, identified neutrophil-specific genes and chemokines. Different immunoregulatory and neutrophil-relevant molecules mined here such as, TNFR, IL8, CXCR1, CXCR2, ADAM10, GPR84, MME-neprilysin, ANPEP and LAP3 are druggable and might be therapeutic targets in efforts to limit SARS-Cov-2 inflammation in severe clinical cases. The role of neutrophils in Covid-19 needs to be studied further.
Development of Machine Vision System for Pen Parts Identification under Various Illumination Conditions in an Industry 4.0 Environment
Authors: Mohammadi Bagheri Niksa , van de Venn Hans Wernher , Mosaddegh Peiman
Published: April 2020

The fourth Industrial Revolution, well-known as “Industry 4.0”, based on the integration of information and communication technologies, has introduced significant improvements in manufacturing. However, vision systems still experience various impracticalities in dealing with the effect of complex lighting on the systems platform. Therefore, a machine vision system for automatic identification of pen parts under varying lighting conditions at a digital learning factory is proposed. The developed vision system presents a straightforward approach by effectively minimizing the environmental lighting effect on the identification process. First, the obtained information of the designed vision framework is exported to a program, where a reduction of non-uniform illumination is achieved through the implementation of Retinex image enhancement techniques. Then, the color-based Fuzzy C-means (FCM) algorithm, including improved mark watershed segmentation, is employed for pen parts object classification. Finally, the position features of the selected pen part are reported. The process applied to a total number of 210 upper pen parts (caps) and 241 lower pen parts (tubes) images under different lighting scenarios. Results indicate that average parts identification precision for cap and tube parts is different and equals to 98.64% and 95.26%, respectively. The present methodology provides a promising scheme that can be feasibly adapted for other industrial Color-based object recognition applications.
Carbon forestry compensation on estate level
Authors: Kärenlampi Petri P.
Published: April 2020

The expense of carbon sequestration in terms of capital return deficiency is investigated at estate level, in the case of a fertile boreal estate dominated by spruce forest. Thinnings from below result as a high expense of increased rotation age, thinnings from above as a small expense. The expense of increased timber stock is greater than any proportional carbon rent based on present carbon prices. Application of non-proportional carbon rent is proposed.
Repurposing of Chloroquine and Its Derivative, Hydroxychloroquine for COVID-19: Implications for People Living with HIV in Africa
Authors: Otuechere Chiagoziem
Published: April 2020

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, has been declared by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a pandemic. Unfortunately, finding a vaccine or developing drugs from the scratch is a time-consuming luxury given the widespread and high fatality rates of the virus. In the short term, repurposing of drugs already in use seem to be the most rational step to quickly and effectively curb the virus. Several antiviral agents had been proposed as possible remedies, but the 4-aminoquinolines, Chloroquine (CHQ) and hydroxychloroquine (HCHQ) appear to be generating more interest. They are generic, cheaply available and have proven efficacy against malaria parasites in Africa. The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), on the other hand, targets the immune system thereby reducing the patient’s ability to fight infections. Sadly, 68% of the global HIV burden occur in Africa. It is therefore anticipated that incidence of severe forms of COVID-19 could occur in Africa because of associated endemic conditions that compromise the immune system. With CHQ and HCHQ being considered for clinical use against COVID-19, there is a need to highlight their potential merits and confounding variables in the subgroup of patients with or without HIV.
Psychosocial, and Socio-Economic Crisis in Bangladesh due to COVID-19 Pandemic: A Perception-Based Assessment
Authors: Shammi Mashura , Bodrud-Doza Md. , Islam Abu Reza Md. Towfiqul , Rahman Md. Mostafizur
Published: April 2020

The COVID-19 pandemic situation, disease intensity, weak healthcare facilities, unawareness, and misinformation led people to fear and anxiety in Bangladesh. This study intended to get peoples’ perception on psychosocial, socio-economic and environmental crisis amidst the pandemi. An online questionnaire was surveyed nationwide (respondents no.1066). Datasets were analyzed through the Principal Component Analysis (PCA), hierarchical Cluster Analysis (CA), Pearson’s correlation matrix (PCM), Linear regression analysis (LRA), and psychometric characteristics were included in the Classical Test Theory (CTT) analysis. There were good associations among the psychosocial, socio-economic and environmental parameters. A significant association between fear of COVID-19 with struggling healthcare system (p<0.05) was found. Also, negative association between fragile health system and government’s ability to deal with the pandemic (p<0.05) revealing poor governance. Again, a positive association of shutdown and social distancing with fear of losing life, and due to lack of health treatment (p<0.05) reveals that shut down hampers normal activities which may lead to mental and economic stress. However, a positive association of socio-economic impact of the shutdown with poor people’s suffering, the price hike of basic need, hamper of formal education (p<0.05) may lead to severe socio-economic and health crisis. There is a possibility of climate-induced disaster during/after the pandemic, which will create severe food insecurity (p<0.01). Daily wage earners and poors will suffer most by food and nutritional deficiency, and the country may face huge economic burden. Proper risk assessment and communications is needed to alleviate fear and anxiety. Thus, financial support and mental boosting is required.
The Population Census in Austria
Authors: Gisser Richard
Published: April 2020

Based on the Constitution, the Population Census in Austria is a matter of the central state, serving many political-administrative, planning, research, and other purposes. After its start as a systematic operation in the middle of the 18th century, it developed further by a modern legal basis in 1857 and advances in statistical technology in 1890 (punch cards) and 1971 (machinereadable questionnaires). In the second half of the 20th century, the Population Census became a comprehensive operation, including dwellings, buildings, and workplaces. The communes organized the classical method of on the spot household data collection on behalf of the state. The register-based Census replaced the household collection in 2011. Following a government decision of 2000, which aimed at the sole use of available micro-data, the first steps for creatingthe necessary administrative and statistical registers took place in conjunction with the last traditional census of 2001. With new provisions for linking the records, the Register Census Act of 2006, and a full test census in the same year, the new methodology was established and evaluated in a short period. The first regular Register Census “took place” with reference date 31 October 2011. It is described in the central part of this communication, featuring the advantages, strengths, and weaknesses, the backbone registers, the “comparison registers,” and the redundancy principle, which help to ensure high data quality and the fit of the census into the international framework. Current developments include the annual update of results,changes and improvements in the data sources, and a short outlook on the next census of 2021.
Life satisfaction in Brazil: an exploration of theoretical correlates and age, period and cohort variations using the World Values Survey (1991-2014)
Authors: Golgher André , Coutinho Raquel Zanatta
Published: April 2020

This paper discusses some of the factors associated with life satisfaction in Brazil using four waves of the World Values Survey (1991 to 2014). Some results already described in the literature were confirmed, as we found that individuals who were married, employed, more religious, in better health, with greater freedom/control over their lives and who had a better financial situation were more satisfied with life, regardless of the time period. The variables for age and cohort showed non-significant associations with life satisfaction when aspects that theoretically correlated with life satisfaction were controlled in the analysis. When the different cohorts were analyzed separately, the results suggest that life satisfaction might be related to the conjectural and historical factors represented by period effects.
Pengaruh Pendidikan Kebencanaan Terhadap Perilaku Kesiapsiagaan Bencana Gempa Bumi Di Mts Muhammadiyah 6 Bayat
Authors: Eka Tasha Vima
Published: April 2020

Klaten Regency as one of the regencies in Central Java Province is prone to natural disasters such as earthquakes, floods, landslides, droughts and tornadoes. The purpose of this mitigation education is to teach disaster learning properly and correctly so that students are able to be prepared for disaster threats in the school environment. The population in this study were 100 school residents. The school residents are 85 students, and 15 teachers in MTs Muhammadiyah 6 Bayat, Klaten Regency. Sampling using a random sampling technique with Slovin method. The results showed that the students of Mts Muhammadiyah 6 Bayat still had quite low knowledge about disaster preparedness.
Self Efficacy Dalam Kesiapsiagaan Bencana Gempa Bumi SMP M Boarding School dan SMP M 21 Gantiwarno
Authors: Jayanti Rani Dwi
Published: April 2020

Abstrak: Penelitian ini mengkaji tentang self efficacy dalam kesiapsiagaan gempa bumi SMP M Boarding School Prambanan dan SMP M 21 Gantiwarno di Kabupaten Klaten. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui self efficacy dalam kesiapsiagaan siswa dalam menghadapi bencana gempa bumi yang mencakup pengetahuan gempa bumi, pengalaman gempa bumi, tindakan siswa terkait gempa bumi, dan persepsi tentang gempa bumi. Sampel yang diambil dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa SMP M Boarding Prambanan dan SMP M 21 Gantiwarno populasi yakni 235 siswa . Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan 1) pengetahuan gempa bumi Presentase tertinggi 98% untuk indikator keluar ruangan sambil melindungi kepala di SMP M Boarding School Prambanan sedangkan SMP M 21 Gantiwarno 95%. 2) pengalaman gempa bumi Presentase tertinggi 71% untuk indikator pernah mendapatkan pelajaran gempa bumi SMP M Boarding School Prambanan sedangkan SMP M 21 Gantiwarno 31% dengan perbedaan presentase yang signifikan 40%. 3) tindakan siswa terkait gempa presentase tertinggi  98% untuk indikator berlindung dibawah meja yang kokoh SMP M Boarding School Prambanan sedangkan SMP M 21 Gantiwarno 49% . 4) persepsi tentang gempa bumi Presentase tertinggi 98% untuk indikator lebih menyelamatakan diri SMP M Boarding School Prambanan sedangkan SMP M 21 Gantiwarno 94%.

Kata kunci: self efficacy, kesiapsiagaan, gempa bumi

 

Abstract: This study examines self efficacy with earthquake preparedness at SMP  M Boarding School Prambanan and SMP M 21 Gantiwarno in Klaten District. This study aims to determine self-efficacy in students' preparedness in dealing with earthquake disasters that includes earthquake knowledge, earthquake experiences, student actions related to earthquakes, and perceptions about earthquakes. The samples taken in this study were all students of SMP M Boarding School Prambanan and SMP M 21 Gantiwarno population which were 235 students. The results of the study concluded that 1) the highest percentage of earthquake knowledge 98% for the indicator out of the room while protecting the head in SMP M Boarding School Prambanan while 95% in SMP M 21 Gantiwarno.2) earthquake experience The highest percentage of 71% for indicators of having received earthquake lessons was SMP M Boarding School Prambanan while replacing SMP M 21 Gantiwarno 31% with a significant percentage difference of 40%. 3) student actions related to earthquakes highest percentage of 98% for indicators taking shelter under a sturdy table SMP M Boarding School Prambanan while SMP M 21 Gantiwarno 49%. 4) perception of earthquakes Highest percentage 98% for more self-defeating indicators SMP M Boarding School Prambanan while SMP M 21 Gantiwarno 94%.

 

Keywords: self efficacy, preparadness , earthquake
Pola Spasial Persebaran Penyakit TB Paru Di Kota Malang
Authors: Surjati Endang
Published: April 2020

Penyakit TB Paru menyebabkan kematian nomor tiga terbesar di Indonesia yang  banyak diderita oleh kelompok usia produktif kerja dan golongan ekonomi lemah. Penularan penyakit TB Paru dapat secara langsung ataupun tidak langsung. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pola sebaran prevalensi TB Paru di Kota Malang dan mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap prevalensi TB Paru di Kota Malang. Penelitian ini dengan menggunakan metode nearest neighbor ratio (NNR) untuk mengetahui pola sebaran spasial penyakit TB Paru di Kota Malang. Nilai Nearest Neigborhood Ratio untuk setiap kecamatan di Kota Malang adalah < 1, maka pola sebaran penyakit TB Paru di Kota Malang membentuk pola spasial cluster.
Homoeolog expression bias and expression level dominance (ELD) in four tissues of natural allotetraploid Brassica napus
Authors: Li Mengdi , Wang Ruihua , Wu Xiaoming , Wang Jianbo
Published: April 2020

Background: Allopolyploidy is widespread in angiosperms, and they can coordinate two or more different genomes through genetic and epigenetic modifications to exhibit stronger vigor and adaptability. To explore the changes in homologous gene expression patterns in the natural allotetraploid Brassica napus (AnAnCnCn) relative to its two diploid progenitors, B. rapa (ArAr) and B. oleracea (CoCo), after approximately 7,500 years of domestication, the global gene pair expression patterns in four major tissues (stems, leaves, flowers and siliques) of these three species were analyzed using an RNA sequencing approach. Results: The results showed that the ‘transcriptomic shock’ phenomenon was alleviated in natural B. napus after approximately 7,500 years of natural domestication, and most differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in B. napus were downregulated relative to those in its two diploid progenitors. The KEGG analysis indicated that three pathways related to photosynthesis were enriched in both comparison groups (AnAnCnCn vs ArAr and AnAnCnCn vs CoCo), and these pathways were all downregulated in four tissues of B. napus. In addition, homoeolog expression bias and expression level dominance (ELD) in B. napus were thoroughly studied through analysis of expression levels of 27609 B. rapa-B. oleracea orthologous gene pairs. The overwhelming majority of gene pairs (an average of 86.7%) in B. napus maintained their expression pattern in two diploid progenitors, and approximately 78.1% of the gene pairs showed expression bias with a preference toward the A subgenome. Overall, an average of 48%, 29.7% and 22.3% homologous gene pairs exhibited additive expression, ELD and transgressive expression in B. napus, respectively. The ELD bias varies from tissue to tissue; specifically, more gene pairs in stems and siliques showed ELD-A, whereas the opposite was observed in leaves and flowers. More transgressive upregulation, rather than downregulation, was observed in gene pairs of B. napus. Conclusions: In general, these results may provide a comprehensive understanding of the changes in homologous gene expression patterns in natural B. napus after approximately 7,500 years of evolution and domestication and may enhance our understanding of allopolyploidy.
Nutritional status and associated factors among primary school students, in Meket Wereda, Ethiopia: comparing schools with feeding and non-feeding program
Authors: Demilew Yeshalem Mulugeta , Nigussie Azezu Asres
Published: April 2020

Background: Though undernutrition affects academic performance significant numbers of Ethiopian school children have undernutrition. To avert nutritional problems the government in collaboration with the world food program has implemented a school feeding program. However, data on the nutritional status of primary school students were scarce in the country. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the nutritional status of primary school students enrolled in schools with school feeding programs and in schools without school feeding programs and to identify associated factors in Meket Woreda.Methods: A school-based comparative cross-sectional study was conducted among 1,091 students, from April 1-27/2015. The study participants were selected using a multi-stage stratified sampling method. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data. Data entry and analysis were done using SPSS version 20 software. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression analyses were done. Anthropometric data were analyzed using Anthro-plus software.Results: The prevalence of thinness was 37.5% among students in non school feeding program schools compared with 27.8 % among students in School feeding program schools. Though it wasn’t significant after adjusting for the potential confounders, the prevalence of stunting among students who took meals at school was higher (58.5%) compared with students who did not consume meals at school (48.3%). Students who did not take meal at school [AOR=2.6, 95% CI: (1.8, 3.8)], having uneducated mother [AOR=5.3, 95% CI: (2.2, 12.6)], being a male [AOR=1.9, 95% CI: (1.4, 2.5)], and taking meal once daily [AOR=2.7, 95% CI: (1.6, 3.9)] were positively associated with thinness. Conclusion: The prevalence of thinness was higher among students in schools did not implement school feeding programs compared to their counterparts. Thus, school meal program should be scaling up into schools in food insecure areas.
The Merits of Awake Craniotomy for Glioblastoma in the Left Hemispheric Eloquent Area: One Institution Experience
Authors: Li Ying-Ching , Chiu Hsiao-Yean , Lin Ya-Jui , Chen Ko-Ting , Hsu Peng-Wei , Huang Yin-Cheng , Chen Pin-Yuan , Wei Kuo-Chen
Published: April 2020

Background Awake craniotomy (AC) with intraoperative stimulation mapping is the standard treatment for gliomas, especially those on the eloquent cortex. Many studies have reported survival benefits with the use of AC in patients with glioma, however most of these studies have focused on low-grade glioma. The aim of this study was to evaluate the experience of one treatment center over 10 years for resection of left hemispheric eloquent glioblastoma. Methods This retrospective analysis included 48 patients with left hemispheric eloquent glioblastoma who underwent AC and 61 patients who underwent surgery under general anesthesia (GA) between 2008 and 2018. Perioperative risk factors, extent of resection (EOR), preoperative and postoperative Karnofsky Performance Score (KPS), progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were assessed. Results The postoperative KPS was significantly lower in the GA patients compared to the AC patients (p=0.002). The EOR in the GA group was 90.2% compared to 94.9% in the AC group (p=0.003). The mean PFS was 18.9 months in the GA group and 23.2 months in the AC group (p=0.001). The mean OS was 25.5 months in all patients, 23.4 months in the GA group, and 28.1 months in the AC group (p<0.001). In multivariate analysis, the EOR and preoperative KPSindependently predicted better OS. Conclusion The patients with left hemispheric eloquent glioblastoma in this study had better neurological outcomes, maximal tumor removal, and better PFS and OS after AC than surgery under GA. Awake craniotomy should be performed in these patients if the resources are available.