bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Physical activity level, sleep, fatigue and quality of life in Behçet’s Disease and Familial Mediterranean Fever Disease during the Covid 19 Pandemic
Authors: UZUN Nejla , TARAKCI Ela , UĞURLU Serdal
Published: March 2023

Purpose: The primary aim of our study was to compare the changes in physical activity, sleep, fatigue, pain, and quality of life levels before and during confinement in patients with Behçet’s Disease (BD) and Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF) disease (FMFD). The secondary aim of the present study was to determine the exercise behavior of patients with BD and FMF during the Covid 19 Pandemic.
Methods: A total of 21 patients with BD (mean age was 42 years, 57.1% were female) and 21 patients with FMF (Mean age was 39 years, 71.4% were female) were included in this cross sectional study. Internal Physical Activity Questionnaire- Short Form, Short Form 36 and Exercise Stages of Change Questionnaire were administered to all participants. Sleep satisfaction, fatigue and pain was assessed with the Numeric Rating Scale.
Results: There were no significant differences in sociodemographic data and all outcome scores except sleep duration between the groups at baseline (p>0.05). Physical activity, pain, fatigue, sleep, and quality of life were compared with pre-confinement in both BD and FMF patients. It was found that the level of pain and fatigue increased in BD patients, and physical activity and quality of life decreased in both BD and FMF patients (p<0.05). We found a significant relationship between physical activity and mental health subscale of quality of life in BD patients (p<0.05). In addition, only 9.5% of BD patients and only 14.3% of FMFD patients in our study stated that they had been exercising for more than 6 months.
Conclusion: The patients in both groups were physically inactive and the majority of them did not exercise. This situation increased during the confinement period. In order to have a positive effect on these symptoms, personalized exercise therapy can be planned and physical activity levels can be increased in BD and FMF patients.
Sağlıklı genç yetişkinlerde telerehabilitasyon temelli sliding hamstring curl egzersizinin hamstring esnekliği ve kognitif fonksiyonlar üzerine etkisi: pilot çalışma
Authors: SOYLU Çağlar , ÜN YILDIRIM Necmiye
Published: March 2023

Amaç: Bu çalışma, sağlıklı genç yetişkinlerde telerehabilitasyon temelli sliding hamstring curl (SHC) egzersizinin diz kas kuvveti, hamstring esnekliği ve kognitif fonksiyon üzerine etkisini incelemek amacı ile planlandı.
Yöntem: Çalışmaya yaşları ortalama 21,05±2,15 yıl olan toplamda 20 genç erkek yetişkin birey dahil edildi. Çalışmaya katılan bireyler randomize olarak kontrol (N=10) ve SHC egzersiz grubu (N=10) olmak üzere iki gruba ayrıldı. SHC egzersiz grubundaki bireylere, haftada 3 gün 6 hafta telerehabilitasyon yoluyla SHC egzersizi uygulandı. Bireylerin diz fleksiyon ve ekstansiyon kas kuvveti değerlendirmeleri izokinetik dinamometre ile, hamstring esneklikleri maksimum kalça fleksiyonuyla birlikte aktif diz ekstansiyon testi ile, kognitif fonksiyonları CNSVS nörokognitif test bataryası ile tedavi öncesi ve sonrası değerlendirildi.
Bulgular: SHC egzersiz grubunda grup içi analizlerde diz fleksiyon ve ekstansiyon kas kuvvetinde, hamstring esnekliklerinde, tüm kognitif parametrelerde artış olduğu bulundu (p<0,05). Kontrol grubunda ise tüm ölçüm parametrelerinde başlangıç değerlerine göre azalma olduğu tespit edildi (p<0,05). SHC egzersiz grubundaki bireylerin tüm ölçüm değerleri kontrol grubuna göre daha yüksek bulundu (p<0,05).
Sonuç: Çalışmanın sonucunda, SHC egzersizinin konsantrik ve eksantrik diz kas kuvvetini, hamstring esnekliğini ve kognitif fonksiyonları geliştirmede ve kuvvet asimetrilerini düzeltmede etkin bir egzersiz olduğu bulundu. Ayrıca konsantrik ve eksantrik hamstring kas kuvvetini artırmada daha etkin olduğu görüldü. SHC egzersizinin farklı egzersizler ile karşılaştırıldığı çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır.
What Controls Suspended-Sediment Concentration and Export in Flooded Agricultural Tracts in the Sacramento–San Joaquin Delta?
Authors: Lacy Jessica , Dailey Evan , Morgan–King Tara
Published: March 2023

We investigated wind-wave and suspended-sediment dynamics in Little Holland Tract and Liberty Island, two subsided former agricultural tracts in the Cache Slough complex in the northern Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta which were restored to tidal shallows to improve habitat. Turbidity, and thus suspended-sediment concentration (SSC), is important to habitat quality because some species of native fishes, including the Delta Smelt, are found preferentially in more turbid waters. Data from October 2015 to August 2016 show that average SSC was greater within Little Holland Tract than in the primary breach that connects the basin to surrounding channels: approximately twice as great at a shallower station farther from the breach and 15% greater at a deeper station closer to the breach. Suspended-sediment concentration within Little Holland Tract was directly related to wave shear stress and inversely related to water depth, based on linear regression. We used measurements of suspended-sediment flux (SSF) through the largest levee breaches to assess whether the enhanced SSC within Little Holland Tract is exported to surrounding waters, thus potentially increasing turbidity over a wider region. Cumulatively, sediment is exported through the Little Holland Tract breaches in winter and imported in summer, consistent with regional patterns in sediment flux, indicating that wind-wave re-suspension within the basin does not control sediment flux from Little Holland Tract on seasonal time-scales. Some sediment was exported during wind-wave events, and results show that sediment export is greater when primary breaches are located downwind of the basin rather than upwind.
phonological description of Naba
Authors: Scherrer Elaine Marie
Published: March 2023

Naba, also known as Bilala, is a Nilo-Saharan (Sara-Bagirmi) language of Chad with about 410,000 speakers from three ethnic groups. This paper gives a basic description of the Naba phonological system, using segmental phonology and lexical phonology approaches. Topics covered include the phonemic inventory, syllable structure and phonotactic restrictions, the tone system and its interaction with other phonological processes, and the main lexical and post-lexical processes.
A special focus is given to the important role of sonority hierarchy in Naba phonological structure and processes. This hierarchy groups affricates and non-sibilant fricatives with stops in a single obstruent category, while nasals, liquids, and approximants comprise the sonorant category. The distinction is key for syllable structure, phonotactic restrictions, tone sandhi, and a number of both lexical and post-lexical processes. It is proposed that the two sibilant fricatives /s/ and /z/ exist as a separate sonority level in between obstruent and sonorant, and evidence is given as to why they cannot be classed with either group.
Языковой и культурологический континуум современной Южной Славии: сербский, хорватский, боснийский и черногорский языки (pro et contra)
Authors: Хмелевский М. С.
Published: March 2023

В статье рассматриваются дискуссионные вопросы языковой ситуации, сложившейся в южносла-вянском полиэтническом пространстве, с привлечением культурологического, лексического и фра-зеологического эмпирического материала. В работе обосновывается подход к определению стату-са сербского, хорватского, боснийского и черногорского языков на базе совокупности критериев выделения их как самостоятельных языков. Актуальность заявленной проблематики представля-ется в поиске ее объективного как лингвистического, так и экстралингвистического разрешения. Вопросы языка и диалекта являются предметом довольно острой многолетней дискуссии у народов Южной Славии, что обусловлено как политическими факторами, так и ростом национального са-мосознания, достигшего максимальной степени своего проявления в 90-е годы ХХ века.

В настоящем исследовании обзорного характера дается многосторонняя максимально объек-тивная оценка актуальной социолингвистической ситуации на славянских Балканах с опорой на эмпирический материал и параллелями в других странах, подчеркивается ее уникальность в рам-ках проявления толерантности к народам бывшей Югославии и их выбору собственного языкового идиома для обозначения языков, которыми они пользуются как в повседневном общении, так и в письменной традиции. В работе представлены различные точки зрения и критерии для выделения самостоятельного языка применимо к языковой ситуации на славянских Балканах, сложившейся по состоянию на первые два десятилетия ХХ века.

В исследовании поднимается теоретический вопрос о выделении того или иного идиома в само-стоятельный язык на основе различных подходов к данной проблематике, которая в отношении анализируемых южнославянских языков может быть решена лишь в их совокупности: синхронный и диахронический аспект, фактор наименования того или иного идиома этнической группой, кото-рая им пользуется, а также религиозный фактор, сыгравший особую роль в формировании совре-менных славянских балканских народов.

Делается вывод о несостоятельности фактора взаимопонимания и фактора потребности в пе-реводе для выделения отдельного языка, что в исследовании подтверждается широким иллюстра-тивным языковым материалом, что дает право говорить о центрально-южнославянском языковом континууме, а также обосновывается мнение автора статьи о несостоятельности названия «сербо-хорватский язык», поскольку оно изначально являлось исключительно политическим, а не лингви-стическим термином. Вместе с тем затрагивается вопрос о центрально-южнославянском культуро-логическом континууме, который подразумевает общность культуры, литературы, киноискусства, музыки и пр. для всех народов бывшей Югославии, включая и неславянские этносы, проживающие в этом регионе, что является феноменом для рассматриваемого ареала Южной Славии.
Tipizált térrendszerű és szerkezetű, aulás általános iskolák Magyarországon az államszocializmus idején
Authors: Pirity Ádám , Kissfazekas Kornélia
Published: March 2023

ÖSSZEFOGLALÓ

1945 után, a háborús pusztításnak köszönhetően Magyarországon hatalmas hiány mutatkozott oktatási épületek tekintetében is. Ennek köszönhetően elindult az iskolaépületek tömeges építése, mely kezdetben központilag elkészített típustervek alapján történt a legtöbb esetben. Egyszerű alaprajzú és szerkezetű iskolák épültek országszerte, melyeknek uniformizált, a településképbe sokszor nem illeszkedő megjelenése a lakosság és a szakma ellenérzését is kiváltotta. 1968-tól kezdve a tervezőknek lehetőségük nyílt a típustervektől való eltérésre, amelyre addig csak alkalmanként kaptak teret. Ezzel a jelentős változással párhuzamosan az állami tervező vállalatok lehetőséget kaptak iskolák építésérére használható, előregyártott rendszerek fejlesztésére. A Borsod Megyei Állami Építőipari Vállalat (BÁÉV) és az Északmagyarországi Tervező Vállalat (ÉSZAKTERV) az addig iskoláknál legtöbbször alkalmazott, hagyományos folyosós-cellás alaprajzi rendszer helyett a tanulók közti közösség kialakulása szempontjából előnyösebb, aulás rendszerű iskolákra dolgoztak ki típustervet, országos szinten egyedülálló módon. Jelen cikkben a rendszer, annak előképei, alkalmazásai és jelenkori megítélésük értékelésére kerül sor. Az írás egy, az ÉSZAKTERV-vel foglalkozó átfogó kutatás részeként készült.
Sustainable Ecotourism Development In Negeri Lumoli, Maluku-Indonesia: Sociology Studies
Authors: Titaley Elsina
Published: March 2023

The potential development of the tourism sector is often associated with its role as one of the strengths of the source of income contribution to regional income. Sociologically, Maluku consists of a series of large and small islands with various beauties, makes Maluku an amazing tourist place in cultural customs and natural scenery. In this context, tourism development must refer to sustainable tourism development in Negeri Lumoli, Maluku-Indonesia, which has good tourism and culture. This research aimed to explain how to develop waterfalls as Ecotourism for sustainable tourism development in Negeri Lumoli. Sustainable tourism development refers to the World Tourism Organization, which includes environmentally, economically, and socio-culturally sustainable components. One form of sustainable tourism is Ecotourism. The tourism process is carried out by protecting and minimizing environmental impacts, maximizing benefits for residents, and maximizing tourist satisfaction. The development of an area into an ecotourism area will foster hope in the community so that Ecotourism can positively influence people's lives and the living environment. In this ecotourism research conducted in Negeri Lumoli, related to the existence of waterfalls, the results of the study indicate that community expectations from ecotourism development can support three important components of the community's economy, ecology that is still maintained, and socio-cultural sustainability, so that in the end it becomes a destination for tourism. Superior and sustainable tourism.
The influence of the Epstein-Barr virus on paraclinical indicators and cytokine levels in children with rotavirus gastroenteritis
Authors: Sliepchenko Marharyta , Olkhovska Olga
Published: March 2023

The aim. To identify the influence of the latent form of Epstein-Barr virus infection on the clinical picture, parameters of clinical blood analysis and cytokine response of children with rotavirus gastroenteritis.

Materials and methods. 56 children were examined. Of them, 33 children (group 1) had no background infection with herpesviruses, and 23 patients (group 2) suffered from rotavirus gastroenteritis against the background of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection. The patients were comparable in terms of sex, age and disease severity. Differences at p <0.05 were considered statistically significant.

Results. The analysis of the obtained data showed that the latent form of EBV infection affects the clinical picture, indicators of clinical blood analysis and the reaction of serum cytokines of children with rotavirus gastroenteritis.

Сonclusions. A comparative analysis revealed that a latent form of herpesvirus infection in children with rotavirus gastroenteritis is associated with lower temperature reaction and a lower frequency of vomiting in the acute period of the disease against the background of longer persistence of fever, diarrhoea and catarrhal syndromes. On the part of the investigated laboratory indicators, the presence of EBV infection is characterized by a lower level of haemoglobin (р = 0,013) against a higher content of neutrophils (p = 0.002), eosinophils (p = 0.033) and monocytes (p < 0.001) in the acute period of RVI, and a significantly higher content of eosinophils (p = 0.001) and monocytes (p < 0.001) against the background of a lower level of the relative content of lymphocytes compared to patients of Group 1 in the period of early convalescence. Changes in the cytokine response in children with mixed infection are characterized by a significantly lower concentration of IL-1β at the onset of RVI and a higher content of IL-4 and TNF-α throughout the disease compared to children with mono-RVI
Determining the risk of miscarriage in genetic forms of thrombophilia
Authors: Loskutova Tetiana , Petulko Albina
Published: March 2023

The aim: to study the distribution and influence of coagulation factor gene polymorphisms and endothelial dysfunction on the development of recurrent pregnancy loss.

Materials and methods: a prospective case-control study included 109 pregnant women in the 1st trimester with habitual miscarriage and 34 conditionally healthy pregnant women with an uncomplicated obstetrical anamnesis without risk factors for miscarriage. Genetic polymorphisms of coagulation and fibrinolysis factors (1691 G→A FVL, 20210 G→A prothrombin, 675 5G/4G PAI-1, 455 G→A fibrinogen β), as well as endothelial dysfunctions (192 Q→R PON-1, 677 C → T MTHFR) were investigated using allele-specific polymerase chain reaction.

Results: Pathological polymorphisms of the genes of the hemostasis system and endothelial dysfunction play a significant role in the development of miscarriage, namely such pathological genotypes as 1691 GA of factor V Leiden - increases the risk by 5.3 times (95 % CI 1.5-18.5), 20210 GA of prothrombin - by 26.47 times (1.6-445.7), 675 4G/4G PAI-1 - by 7, 5 times (1.7-33.79), -455AA fibrinogen β - 9.7 times (1.3-74.16), 677 CT MTHFR - 2.6 times (1.0-6.2), 677 TT MTHFR - 21.7 times (1.3-368.6). Multigenic forms of thrombophilia predominate in the majority of patients with miscarriage and account for 76.1 % (p<0.001, OR=12.31, 95 % CI 4.8-31.55). It was determined that the simultaneous presence of two pathological polymorphisms increases the risk of miscarriage by 3.88 times (OR 3.38; 95 % CI 1.26-9.97), and three ones - more than 2.5 times (OR 2.66; 95 % CI 1.02-7.19).

Conclusions: the course of pregnancy against the background of pathological polymorphisms of the genes of the hemostasis system and endothelial dysfunction significantly increases the risk of habitual miscarriage, which should be considered when planning a pregnancy in women with habitual miscarriage
Development of a methodological approach to the research of special purpose communication systems
Authors: Mahdi Qasim Abbood , Shyshatskyi Andrii , Andriishena Halyna , Degtyareva Larisa , Protas Nadiia , Vakulenko Yuliia , Odarushchenko Elena , Lyashenko Anna , Havryliuk Oksana , Kovalchuk Bohdan
Published: March 2023

As a result of Russian aggression against Ukraine, some fundamental theses regarding the nature of hybrid military operations will require clarification and even revision. First of all, this refers to the widespread perception of the asymmetric nature of hybrid threats as those used by a weaker adversary against a party with significantly greater military, technological and human potential, mainly by non-state actors against national states. This, in turn, requires the use of modern and proven mathematical apparatus, which is capable of processing a large array of various types of data in a short period of time with a given reliability of making management decisions. The object of research is the system of strategic management of national security. The subject of the research is the synthesis methodology of the intellectual system of strategic management of national security. The research developed a methodology for the synthesis of an intelligent national security management system. The novelty of the research: taking into account efficiency while choosing one or another method while researching the state of the national security system; calculation of reliability while choosing one or another method in researching the state of the national security system. Also, an element of novelty is taking into account the efficiency of the decisions made regarding the research of the state of the national security system while using one or another research method; adaptation to new challenges and threats to national security. The next element of novelty is the validity of management decisions in the management of the national security system; taking into account different data sources, which are different in origin and measurement units; analysis of large data sets.
It is expedient to implement the specified methodology in algorithmic and program software while studying the state of the national security system.
Dependence of current conductivity of polyethylene-graphite compositions on the method of their manufacture
Authors: Melnyk Liubov , Chulkin Pavel
Published: March 2023

The paper presents the results of the study of the dependence of the properties of polymer composites of the linear high-pressure polyethylene (LHPPET) system – graphite fillers of various types: natural GAK-2, thermally expanded (TEG) and with ultrasonic treatment. The test samples contained a filler in a wide concentration range (5–35 wt. %). Samples were manufactured using rolling, pressing and powder technology methods. Electrical resistance was measured by the four-probe potentiometric method at constant current. It is shown that the electrical resistance decreases sharply in a narrow concentration interval of 5–15 wt. % from 6.77·1010 to 4.9·102 Ω·m (for compositions obtained by rolling), from 2.96·1010 to 1.2 Ω·m (for pressed samples), from 2.87·109 to 0.14 Ω·m (for compositions obtained by powder technology). For samples of the LHPPET – GAK-2 system, a rapid decrease in electrical resistance is observed at filler concentrations of 5–30 wt. % from 1.36·1012 Ω·m to 2.79·102 Ω·m. Using thermally expanded graphite with and without ultrasonic treatment (and to a lesser extent GAK-2) it is possible to obtain polymer composite materials (PCM) with volume resistivity ranging from 6.77 to 1.9·10-3 Ω·m. It has been experimentally confirmed that electrical conductivity largely depends on the PCM manufacturing technology. The established dependences of the current conductivity of composites, depending on the manufacturing method, are associated with the corresponding structural differences. These structural differences are manifested in an increase in the number and area of contacts of filler particles – graphite and in a change in the thickness of the layers of the polymer matrix. Dry powder technology is the most effective method of obtaining LHPPET – graphite compositions. The optimal composition of the composition is 25 wt. % TEG and 75 wt. % LHPPET. Directions of practical use of the obtained results can be effectively used in industry and housing and communal economy.
Adjustment of the axial load on the bit when hole deepening by using the screw mechanism
Authors: Svitlytskyi Viktor , Sahala Tetiana
Published: March 2023

The object of the research is a screw mechanism for adjusting the axial load on the bit during a hole deepening.
Mathematical modeling of dynamic processes that occur in the drill string during the hole deepening in deep wells is considered. It is shown that in the process of hole deepening, the longitudinal oscillations are proportional in their intensity to the torsional ones. Obtained boundary conditions for mathematical models of the column with the use of a shock absorber or a screw amplifier.
In the course of research, it was found that the screw working mechanism of the axial load creates a relationship between the axial load on the bit and the torque on the screw. This makes it possible to install safety devices that limit the torque of the drive shaft (reciprocating engine, rotor). It is shown that various types of energy supplied to the punch, which are transformed by the punching motor and amplified due to the axial (screw) amplifier installed above the bit, ensure the rotary-progressive movement of the ball bit and increase the drilling performance. It was determined that the obtained dependencies take into account the change in time of the axial load and torque depending on the parameters of the axial amplifier and the geological and technical conditions of drilling and the arrangement of the bottom of the drill string.
The research results will be useful to scientists and specialists of the oil and gas industry during the physical modeling of the processes of adjusting the axial load on the bit during a hole deepening by using a screw mechanism.
Los áridos ligeros para los hormigones a base de residuos vegetales
Authors: Altayeva Zaure , Yestemessova Axaya , Yespayeva Almagul
Published: March 2023

Introduction: The increase in the volume of housing construction per capita per year to the level of the eco-nomically developed countries, the tasks of further progressive economic and social develop-ment of the country can be achieved with a corresponding increase in the production of con-struction materials. Materials and Methods: The solution of this task is largely connected with the development of resource- and energy-saving technologies for the production of efficient light construction materials based on wastes from various industries, in particular on wastes of plant origin, which contributes to the expansion of the production range of light, smooth granulated aggregates and light insulating concrete based on them with modifying additives that increase and improve the physical and technical characteristics of these materials. Results and Discussion: There are known technologies for producing light aggregates, mainly by firing. As energy re-sources became more expensive, there was an urgent need to develop easy-to-fill technology in a cost-effective manner. Conclusions: This paper considers a method for producing a light aggregate based on wood processing waste by granulation in a dish granule torus, which is a plate with an inclination angle of 45 0 and the number of mob companies 17-19 rev/min.
La yurta kazaja como una creación única de la arquitectura de la civilización nómada
Authors: Zhakupova Aliya , Suiyerkul Botagoz , Tashimbay Saltanat , Berkimbayeva Saule
Published: March 2023

Introduction: The history of the emergence of the ancient dwelling of the Kazakh people - the sacred yurt, as well as its types and design are analyzed in the article. A yurt is a dwelling of peoples adapted to nomadic life, dating back to very distant, ancient times and widespread among the semi-nomadic and sedentary peoples of the Eurasian steppe. Materials and methods: The yurt of the Kazakh people is not only an ancestral home and dwelling in the spring, summer and autumn seasons. Yurt is a treasure and pride, a fertile place and a sacred refuge of the Kazakhs, it is a unique, priceless work of arts and crafts and handicrafts, a vivid evidence of the way of life and customs, worldview, centuries-old culture of the Kazakh people. Results and Discussion: The main feature of the yurt house, which is considered a complete creation of material culture, is its convenience, compactness, modularity, ease for nomadic life. Easy to assemble and install, easy to disassemble and ready to move. In the national concept, the yurt and all its components are considered sacred. Conclusions: The originality of the worldview, the eloquence and skillful craftsmanship of our people are reflected in words and concepts, in comparisons and images, in proverbs and sayings, in colorful expressions and phraseological units denoting every object associated with the yurt. This layer of the vocabulary of our ancestors demonstrates the material and spiritual values of the nation, determines its cultural and cognitive features, expresses its spiritual nature in a new way and is of great educational value.
Noise protection from diesel generator units in a residential construction territory
Authors: Aimagambetova Zaure , Bupezhanov Eset , Aimagambetova Saltanat
Published: March 2023

Introduction: The article deals with the issues of protection against noise and vibrations of engineering equipment, which spread into the residential area through ventilation shafts, and the problems of bringing noise to standards during the operation of diesel generators. The purpose of this work was the development and implementation of methods and means to reduce the vibration levels of the walls of the technological room in which the diesel generator set was installed. Materials and Methods: The article presents studies using computational and graphical and resonance and statistical methods. Measurements of the noise level from the operation of a diesel generator located on the site of the residential buildings under consideration, as well as in residential premises, were carried out. Results and Discussion: The estimated calculation showed that the noise levels on the territory do not meet the requirements of sanitary standards. The results of measurements of the sound pressure level before and after noise protection measures for an individual living space gave an assessment of the qualitative and quantitative ratio of the accepted and new types of measures and materials. Conclusions: The effectiveness of vibration isolation of engineering equipment depends on the applied vibration isolation scheme; the wrong choice of vibration isolation scheme can lead to an uncontrolled increase in the amplitude of vibrations of the foundation of engineering equipment. To eliminate low frequencies, it is necessary to install vibration isolating supports under the foundation of the diesel generator set.
Comparative evaluation of quality properties of chickpea seed (Cicer arietinum L.) grown under different irrigation conditions by using machine learning
Authors: VAROL İhsan Serkan , ÇETİN Necati , KIRNAK Halil
Published: March 2023

Chickpea is an important edible legume consumed worldwide because of rich nutrient composition. The physical parameters of chickpea are crucial attributes for design of processing and classification systems. In this study, effects of seven different irrigation treatments on size, shape, mass, and color properties of chickpea seeds were investigated, and machine learning algorithms were used to estimate mass and color attributes of chickpea seeds. The results showed that Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) had the greatest correlation coefficients for mass (0.9997) and chroma (0.9997). The MLP yielded better outcomes than Random Forest for both mass and color estimation. In terms of physical attributes, the best results were obtained in I1 (rainfed) and I5 (irrigation at 50% flowering and 50% pod fill) irrigation treatments. Additionally, single or couple irrigations at different physiological stages instead of full irrigation treatment might be sufficient to improve the physical attributes of chickpea.
Does Dry or Fresh Bee Bread Contain Clinically Significant, and Antimicrobial Agents Resistant Microorganisms?
Authors: MUTLU SARIGUZEL Fatma , SİLİCİ Sibel , KOÇ Ayşe Nedret , SAĞIROĞLU Pınar , DİNÇ Bedia
Published: March 2023

Bee pollen, which is filled into the cells of the honeycomb by honeybees to use in nutrition, is enriched with digestive enzymes and organic acids from honey and salivary gland secretions of honeybees. Lactic acid fermentation takes place in the comb cell under anaerobic conditions and bee bread is formed. We have limited knowledge about which bacteria and yeasts are involved in fermentation process. Samples of bee bread collected from 8 different beehives in the same apiary and samples of bee bread that were dried for 3 months and stored in the deep freezer were analyzed microbiologically. The 34 strains were isolated from fresh perga samples. No microorganism was growth in dried perga samples. The isolated strains were identified by conventional and MALDI-TOF MS methods. The 34 strains were identified as Aspergillus spp. (12), Rhizopus oryzae (6), Mucor circinelloides (1), Bipolaris (2), Trichoderma (3), Paecilomyces variotii (1), Penicillium chrysogenum (1), Kodamaea ohmeri (1), Bacillus altitudinis/pumilus (3), Bacillus licheniformis (1), B. megaterium (1), Micrococcus luteus (1) and Serratia marcescens (1). MICs values of itraconazole, voriconazole, anidulafungin and caspofungin for Mucor and Rhizopus strains had high (≥32 μg/ml) except amphotericinB, posaconazole. MICs values of drugs for Aspergillus strains (n:9/12) were low (1 μg/ml). Trichoderma strains had low MIC values (≤0.50 μg/ml) for other drugs except itraconazole. P.chrysogenum was found to have low MIC value (≤0.25 μg/ml) for posaconazole, anidulafungin, caspofungin. Bipolaris, P.variotii and K.ohmeri was had low MIC values to all antifungals.

The determination of the microbiological load in bee bread samples analyzed as soon as they are collected from the hive allows us to discuss the beneficial and harmful aspects of these microorganisms, while the absence of microbial load in bee bread samples stored under appropriate conditions is striking.
Impact of Roasting on Quality and Compositional Characteristics of Fig Seed Oil
Authors: YILDIRIM VARDİN Aslı , DENİZ ŞİRİNYILDIZ Derya , YORULMAZ Aslı
Published: March 2023

This study investigates the effect of roasting time and temperature on the chemical parameters and bioactive compound content of fig seed oil. For this purpose, fig seeds were ground and roasted in an electrical oven at 100, 150 and 200 °C for 10 and 20 minutes. After roasting, the seeds were processed into oil using a laboratory scale mill. The obtained fig seed oil samples were evaluated for their peroxide value, K232 and K270 spectrophotometric indices; fatty acid, triacylglycerol, sterol and tocopherol profiles. That results show that peroxide values, spectrophotometric indices, α- and γ-tocopherol levels were negatively affected by the roasting process. The major tocopherol was γ-tocopherol and ranged in 3914-4016 mg kg-1. The main fatty acid was linolenic acid constituting 40% of the fatty acids; followed by linoleic (31.76-31.97%), oleic (17.06-17.30%) and palmitic (7.00-7.11%) acids. The major triglycerides were LnLO (12.27-12.46%), LnLnL (12.18-12.40%), LnLnLn (9.32-9.52%) and LnLL (9.34-9.50%) confirming the fatty acid profile. β-sitosterol was the predominant phytosterol ranging in 2985.07-3623.24 mg/kg followed by Δ-5-avenasterol (19.52-20.60%) and Δ-7-avenasterol (4.16-4.81%). The principal component analysis results enabled a clear discrimination between unroasted, mildly-roasted and intense-roasted oil samples.
Evaluation of irrigation experiments with GGE biplot method and economic analysis of drip irrigation system: a case study of peanut production
Authors: TAS İsmail
Published: March 2023

Besides irrigation water quantity and quality, there is a decrease also in soil quality and fertility. Agricultural production lands are decreasing both in quantity and quality. There is a search for different operational alternatives in sandy soils with low production potentials. Drip irrigation is largely practised to get greater yields per unit area. This study was conducted under sand soil conditions, commonly preferred for peanut farming, in the 2017- 2018 growing seasons. A drip irrigation system was used in production. Two different irrigation intervals (2 and 4 days) and four different irrigation levels (I50, I75, I100 and I125, calculated based on cumulative evaporation from the class-A pan) were applied. Evapotranspiration values varied between 402-832 mm, applied irrigation water quantities between 313-783 mm, yields between 5269-8269 kg ha-1, water use efficiency (WUE) values between 0.63-1.55 kg ha-1 m-3, economic water productivity (EWP) over gross revenues between 1.29-3.81 $ m-3 and benefit and cost ratios (B/C) varied between 4.73-10.95. The GGE biplot statistical method is a useful tool in the evaluation of irrigation research where the number of applications and materials is high.
The Effect of Salty Groundwater Levels on the Grass Yield of Some Pasture Crops and Soil Salinity
Authors: BAHÇECİ Barış , TARI Ali Fuat , BAHCECİ İdris
Published: March 2023

F. elatior, Puccinellia distans, Lotus strictus have been tested at 4 different water table depths which grow under natural conditions in salt-affected soils of arid and semi-arid regions. The trial was carried out for 3 years with split plots test design in randomized blocks. The salt concentration of the groundwater where irrigation has been made was between 3.1-4.4 dS m-1. The effect of water table depths on dry grass yields of the cultivars was found statistically significant in the first trial year (P
A Meta-Analysis of Bentonite Efficacy on Performance, Carcass Yield, Giblet, and Blood Constituents of Broiler Fed Contaminated Aflatoxin
Authors: DARMAWAN Arif , JAYANEGARA Anuraga , ÖZTÜRK Ergin
Published: March 2023

Aflatoxins can easily grow and develop in many feed ingredients and influence the risk of several animal chronic diseases.The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of bentonite inclusion on performances, carcass yield, giblet, and blood constituents of broiler-fed contaminated aflatoxin through a meta-analytical approach. A database was developed based on scientific publications that were searched using several search tools such as Science Direct, PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar with “bentonite”, “clay“, “montmorillonite“, “aflatoxin“ and “broiler” as keywords. A total of 31 studies were retrieved and included in the analysis. Data analysis was based on the mixed model in which dietary bentonite inclusion was treated as the fixed effect and different studies were considered as random effects. Bodyweight gain, feed intake, and feed efficiency showed a linear increase (p
Isolation, Characterization, and Antioxidant Activity of Melanin from Auricularia auricula (Agaricomycetes)
Authors: Shi Qianwen , Yang Zeen , Fan Renhui , Chu Jialei , Fang Chenlu , Zhang Yusi , Shi Wenting , Zhang Yongjun
Published: March 2023

The cell wall of Auricularia auricula fruit bodies is extremely tough, making it difficult to dissolve the melanin using the traditional preparation method. To investigate the efficient preparation of melanin and its resistance to oxidative stress, this paper first used ultrasound-assisted alkaline cellulase to optimize the optimal wall-breaking parameters through a Box-Behnken design based on a single-factor experiment. After optimization, the yield of melanin from A. auricula reached 3.201 ± 0.018%. Then, different types and different proportions of deep eutectic solvents (DES) were used for further extraction. When choline chloride and urea were selected and the ratio was 1:2, the melanin yield was up to 25.99% ± 2.36%. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images showed that the melanin was amorphous mass with no crystal structure. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis revealed that the melanin was mainly composed of C (5.38%), O (15.69%) and N (30.29%), as was the typical composition of eumelanin. The melanin had a concentration-dependent relationship with both ABTS+ and hydroxyl radical scavenging ability; at the concentration of 0.5 mg/mL, it significantly prolonged Caenorhabditis elegans survival under hydrogen peroxide and methyl viologen stress and increased the glutathione level and enzyme (total superoxide dismutase and catalase) activities in vivo compared with the negative control (P < 0.05), indicating that the melanin enhances oxidative stress resistance in C. elegans.
On the role of compaction in disputes over the quality of the supplied concrete
Authors: Valente Monteiro André , Gonçalves Arlindo , Balayssac Jean-Paul , Yssorche-Cubaynes Marie-Pierre , Costa António
Published: March 2023

This paper evaluates the effect of poor compaction on the compressive strength, sorptivity, gas permeability and accelerated carbonation resistance of bulk concrete in structures, framed in the scenario of disputes over the quality of the supplied concrete. For that purpose, several real-scale elements (beams, columns and slabs) were cast with concrete incorporating Portland-limestone cement and fly ash addition, covering a wide range of slumps (35–123 mm) and compressive strengths (25–65 MPa). The elements were then subjected to different compaction conditions (standard vibration and no vibration), and later cored for concrete testing. A new compaction indicator that overcomes the main practical limitations associated with the determination of the excess voidage of concrete is proposed, as well as new factors for correcting the effects of on-site compaction in the estimation of the potential carbonation resistance and the compressive strength of concrete. It is also shown that vibration no longer improves the quality of bulk concrete in structures for slumps above ~ 140 mm, which suggests that, in cases of dispute where greater slumps are specified, no correction for compaction should be needed in the estimation of the potential properties of concrete.
Environmental information disclosure and the investment-cash flow sensitivity
Authors: Yao Sheng , Hong Yuan , Lin Chen-Miao
Published: March 2023

Purpose- In 2008 China issued the Measures for the Disclosure of Environmental Information. Using the introduction of this environmental policy, this paper examines how the environmental information disclosure quality affects a firm's access to capital markets. In particular, the relationship is investigated between the environmental disclosure quality and the investment-cash flow sensitivity, a measure of a firm's financial constraints, before and after the implementation of the policy.
Methodology- The content analysis is used to construct the measure of environmental disclosure quality. First of all, the contents of both qualitative and quantitative environmental disclosures are analyzed with respect to the following ten areas reported in firms' annual reports: (1) corporate investment in environmental protection, (2) government financial support related to environmental control, (3) tax reductions related to environmental programs, (4) lawsuits, settlements, penalties, and rewards related to environmental protection, (5) emissions and pollution reduction implementation, (6) certifications of environmental programs, (7) firm environmental protection missions and goals, (8) firm environmental protection plans and strategies, (9) bank loans related to environmental protection, and (10) other environmental-related information. And then, different points are assigned based on the disclosure quality for each of the ten disclosure areas and aggregated to obtain an overall disclosure score. Univariate and regression tests are used to examine the relationship between environmental information disclosures and investment-cash flow sensitivity.
Findings- A negative association is found between a firm's environmental disclosure quality and the investment-cash flow sensitivity after the policy was implemented, while no such association is found before the policy implementation. Furthermore, the observed reduction in investment-cash flow sensitivity tends to be stronger for firms in high-polluting industries.
Conclusion- Given the environmental policies in emerging markets are often viewed with great doubts, our findings suggest that government environmental policy plays an important role in firm's access to capital markets.

Keywords: Environmental information disclosure, investment-cash flow sensitivity, government policy, asymmetric information, financial constraints
JEL Codes: G18, G30, G32
Effects of Plant Growth Regulators on Shoot Multiplication of Crepis bithynica (Asteraceae): An Endangered Rare Species in Türkiye
Authors: ERGİN Tuğba , İNCEER Hüseyin
Published: March 2023

Aim of study: In this study, the effects of plant growth regulators (PGRs) on shoot multiplication of Crepis bithynica Boiss. (Asteraceae), an endangered rare species in Türkiye were investigated.
Area of study: The plant samples were collected from Kastamonu Ilgaz Mountain National Park.
Material and method: The nodal segments were used as explant and they were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal media supplemented with different plant growth regulators. Morphological changes of propagated plants were monitored during 21 days in vitro cultures.
Main results: All plant growth regulators induced shoot growth and development without callus formation. Additionally, the highest shoot number and length of shoot per explant were achieved in MS media supplemented with 4.4 µM 6-BA plus 0.5 µM NAA, and 4.9 µM 2iP plus 0.5 µM IBA, respectively.
Highlights: This study is the first study on the effects of PGRs in shoot multiplication of C. bithynica, and the results obtained can be used micropropagation for the species.
Computational Fluid Dynamics and Thermal Analysis of an Unloaded Lumber-drying Kiln
Authors: GÖRGÜLÜ Yasin Furkan , AYDIN Murat
Published: March 2023

Aim of study: Drying in kilns becomes one of the most significant procedures for the optimal use of wood products since the dimensions alter with changes in relative humidity. Computational fluid dynamics analysis of an unloaded lumber-drying kiln and positioning of the timber to be dried were aimed.
Material and methods: The heat and flow analysis of the lumber-drying kiln was analyzed using ANSYS software. Concrete and aluminum were chosen as the floor and wall materials, respectively. The wall thickness was taken as 1 meter. Gravity forces were also taken into account in the study, the number of elements of the created mesh is 87057 and the number of nodes is 17730.
Main results: The flow characteristics and temperature analyses formed in the study shed light on the lumber-drying kilns planned to be built. Preliminary information is provided about the positioning of the lumbers to be dried according to flow paths and temperature distributions.
Highlights: Flow analyzes of the unloaded lumber-drying kiln were undertaken and streamlines were shown. The thermal analysis of the hot air directed from the fans together with the concrete floor of the drying kiln and the walls made of aluminum panels was made.
Effects of hypolipemic drugs on psoriasis v1
Authors: Matwiejuk Mateusz
Published: March 2023

Psoriasis is a chronic, systematic, inflammatory disease in which, multiple metabolic and immunologic disturbances lead to lipid abnormalities, impaired glucose tolerance, metabolic syndrome, diabetes mellitus, atherosclerosis, hypertension, ischemic heart disease, and numerous metabolic disorders. In clinical practice, the most commonly used drugs in treatment of lipid abnormalities are statins and fibrates. Statins are characterized by pleiotropic effects, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticoagulant, antiproliferative. They work by reducing concentration of low-density lipoprotein (LDL), total cholesterol, triglycerides, and stabilize atherosclerotic plaque. Fibrates are medications, which help to lower triglycerides, LDL, very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) levels and increase lower high-density lipoprotein (HDL). In recent years, many new drugs were found to normalize lipid profile in patients with psoriasis: glitazones (pioglitazone, troglitazone), and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists. Pioglitazone improves lipid profile including decrease of triglicerydes, fatty acids, LDL, and increase of HDL.Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) analogues decrease modestlylow-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), total cholesterol and triglycerides. The purpose of this study is to assess the current state of knowledge on the effect of different hypolipemic treatments on the course of psoriasis. The study includes literature from medical databases: Pubmed and Google Scholar. We were browsing the PubMed and Google Scholar untill the beginning of December. The systematic review includes 41 eligible original articles.
Indiana University adapted Akoya Phenocycler-Fusion Tissue Staining and Imaging Protocol for Fresh Frozen Kidney Samples v1
Authors: R. Sabo Angela
Published: March 2023

This protocol presents the Indiana University adapted Akoya Phenocycler-Fusion Tissue Staining & Imaging Protocol for Fresh Frozen Kidney Samples that is used both for the Kidney Precision Medicine Project and the Human BioMolecular Atlas Program consortia. The marker panels spanned 41 targets that will label various cell types (epithelial, immune, stromal) and cell states (injury, cycling, repair). This protocol has been used on tissues up to 5-7mm x 12-15 mm in dimension. Multiple sections have been placed on a single slide and imaged simultaneously. For post-imaging H & E Staining please see dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.kqdg397yeg25/v1 .