bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Case of Trousseau’s Syndrome Accompanying Ovarian Cancer with Widespread Thromboembolisms
Authors: Kobayashi Hiroharu , Arai Yoshifumi , Iga Kentaro , Kobayashi Misa , Suzuki Takashi , Nakayama Satoru , Adachi Hiroshi
Published: June 2020

The patient was a 41-year-old woman, gravida 0. She had no notable medical history. Laparoscopic right salpingo-oophorectomy and left cystectomy were performed for bilateral ovarian endometriomas, which were both pathologically diagnosed as benign. Six months later, she presented with left lower abdominal pain and expressive aphasia. Examination revealed multiple cerebral infarctions and pulmonary embolism. The patient was diagnosed with Trousseau’s syndrome secondary to ovarian cancer, and anticoagulant therapy was initiated. Despite treatment, she developed visual field loss due to occlusion of the left retinal artery; dizziness due to cerebellar infarction and myocardial infarction; and right hemiplegia due to new cerebral infarction. She received chemotherapy (two courses of paclitaxel and carboplatin), which did not improve her condition, and died two months after onset. An autopsy revealed that her left ovary was enlarged to a size of 12 cm and an endometrioid carcinoma G2 was identified. Ovarian cancer had spread throughout the abdominal cavity, and a large amount of pleural and ascites fluid was present. Multiple thrombi were found in bilateral pulmonary arteries and bilateral common iliac veins. There was a 2.5 cm thrombus in the left ventricle apex, and the anterior descending branch was obstructed by thrombus with recanalization.
Sutured Intrascleral Posterior Chamber Intraocular Lens Fixation with Ciliary Sulcus Location Guided by Ultrasonic Biological Microscopy: A Retrospective Analysis of Anatomical and Refractive Outcome
Authors: Qu Ya , Duan Ping , Huo Shujia , Li Fuliang , Li Jiawen
Published: June 2020

Purpose. To report the outcome of sutured intrascleral posterior chamber intraocular lens (PC IOL) fixation with ciliary sulcus location guided by ultrasonic biological microscopy (UBM). Methods. Patients who underwent a sutured intrascleral PC IOL fixation were reviewed and divided into four groups. In group 1, the traditional sulcus fixation (2 mm from limbus) of IOL was performed. In groups 2, 3, and 4, UBM was performed before surgery to locate the position of the ciliary sulcus as the haptics insertion position. IOL power was selected by decreasing the calculated value of the IOL power by 1.0 D, 1.0 D, 0.5 D, and 0.0 D, respectively. Results. Sixty-one patients (63 eyes) were included in the four groups. After 4.1 ± 3.0 months’ follow-up, the postsurgery spherical equivalent (SE) was 0.73 ± 1.86, 0.71 ± 0.84, 1.14 ± 0.45, and 0.07 ± 0.89 diopters (D), respectively. Statistical significance was reached for the postsurgery SE with target refraction between group 1 (p=0.027, <0.05), group 2 (p=0.003, <0.01), and group 3 (p=0.017, <0.05). No significant difference existed for the postsurgery SE with target refraction in group 4 (p=0.779, >0.05), and the postsurgery SE in group 4 was the nearest to target refraction. Conclusion. Intrascleral PC IOL fixation guided by UBM is helpful for locating the ciliary sulcus and satisfactory visual outcomes with a predictable IOL power calculation.
Simulation of Elliptical Liquid Jet Primary Breakup In Supersonic Crossflow
Authors: Zhou Yao-zhi , Xiao Feng , Li Qing-lian , Li Chen-yang
Published: June 2020

The study of elliptical liquid jets in supersonic flow in a Mach 2.0 is performed numerically. The primary breakup process of the elliptical liquid jet is simulated for a Weber number 223, liquid/gas flux momentum 4.0. The aspect ratios of elliptical geometries are set to be 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, and 5. The results show a remarkable difference in liquid jet disintegration morphology at different aspect ratios. Under supersonic crossflow conditions, the elliptical liquid jet shows more breakup characteristics than the round liquid jet. As the aspect ratio grows, the penetration depth decreases. The elliptical liquid jet with AR=0.25 has the largest penetration depth in all cases. Moreover, the round jet has a maximum spreading angle of 50.2°. The changing trends of the column breakup length both x direction and y direction are similar. The elliptical jet at a lower aspect ratio has a shorter breakup length due to the narrower windward area. The liquid jet has a pair of larger horseshoe vortex structure and a wider wake region at a higher aspect ratio. Two pairs of reversal vortex pairs with obvious characteristics can be observed in all the simulations.
Decentralized Private Information Sharing Protocol on Social Networks
Authors: Chu Shu-Chuan , Chen Lili , Kumar Sachin , Kumari Saru , Rodrigues Joel J. P. C. , Chen Chien-Ming
Published: June 2020

Social networks are becoming popular, with people sharing information with their friends on social networking sites. On many of these sites, shared information can be read by all of the friends; however, not all information is suitable for mass distribution and access. Although people can form communities on some sites, this feature is not yet available on all sites. Additionally, it is inconvenient to set receivers for a message when the target community is large. One characteristic of social networks is that people who know each other tend to form densely connected clusters, and connections between clusters are relatively rare. Based on this feature, community-finding algorithms have been proposed to detect communities on social networks. However, it is difficult to apply community-finding algorithms to distributed social networks. In this paper, we propose a distributed privacy control protocol for distributed social networks. By selecting only a small portion of people from a community, our protocol can transmit information to the target community.
Factors Affecting the Help-Seeking Behaviours of Patients with Schizophrenia in Rural Cambodia
Authors: Oum Vantheara , Kobashi Yurie , Tsubokura Masaharu , Hori Arinobu , Hayashi Yoshifumi , Chhim Sotheara
Published: June 2020

In low- and middle-income countries in Asia, the use of supernatural, religious, and magical approaches to mental illness is widespread. We aimed to document the help-seeking behaviours and barriers to effective mental healthcare in the case of a psychiatric patient in rural Cambodia. The present case report describes the pathway that a patient with schizophrenia utilised to receive effective treatment in a rural area. First, the patient was taken by his parents to a pagoda. Subsequently, they took him to the home of a Kru Khmer (a Cambodian traditional healer). Nevertheless, his condition did not improve, and after seeing this, a neighbour suggested to his mother that they visit the provincial hospital. The patient received a diagnosis after an assessment by the hospital psychiatrist. Following several months of treatment with medication, the patient no longer exhibited paranoid behaviour. In this case, the patient’s and his family’s beliefs are strongly related to help-seeking behaviour toward medical care among psychiatric patients. To promote timely visits to the hospital, it is crucial to clarify and understand the type of beliefs held by psychiatric patients and their families. Besides, an educational approach to the beliefs is essential for shortening the duration of untreated illness.
A Novel Fuzzy Logic-Based Medical Expert System for Diagnosis of Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Singla Jimmy , Kaur Balwinder , Prashar Deepak , Jha Sudan , Joshi Gyanendra Prasad , Park Kyungyun , Tariq Usman , Seo Changho
Published: June 2020

Chronic kidney disease is a life-threatening complication. Primary diagnosis and active control avoid its progression. To increase the life span of a patient, it is necessary to detect such diseases in early stages. In this research paper, design and development of a fuzzy expert system (FES) to identify the current stage of chronic kidney disease is proposed. The proposed fuzzy rule-based expert system is developed with the help of clinical practice guidelines, database, and the knowledge of a team of specialists. It makes use of input variables like nephron functionality, blood sugar, diastolic blood pressure, systolic blood pressure, age, body mass index (BMI), and smoke. The normality tests are applied on different input parameters. The input variables, i.e., nephron functionality, blood sugar, and BMI have more impact on the chronic kidney disease as shown by the response of surface analysis. The output of the system shows the current stage of patient’s kidney disease. Totally 80 tests were performed on the FES developed in this research work, and the generated output was compared with expected output. It is observed that this system succeeds in 93.75% of the tests. This system supports the doctors in assessment of chronic kidney disease among patients. The detection of chronic kidney disease is a serious clinical problem that comprises imprecision, and the use of fuzzy inference system is suggested to overcome this issue. The proposed FES is implemented in the MATLAB.
Identification of an Individualized Prognostic Signature Based on the RWSR Model in Early‐Stage Bladder Carcinoma
Authors: Liu Liyang , Zhong Xiaodan , Cui Haining , Zhang Hao , Wang Linyu , Liu Yuanning
Published: June 2020

Bladder cancer (BLCA) is the fourth common cancer among males in the United States, which is also the fourth leading cause of cancer‐related death in old males. BLCA has a high recurrence rate, with over 50% of patients which has at least one recurrence within five years. Due to the complexity of the molecular mechanisms and heterogeneous cancer feature, BLCA clinicians find it hard to make an efficient management decision as they lack reliable assessment of mortality risk. Meanwhile, there is currently no screening suitable prognostic signature or method recommended for early detection, which is significantly important to early‐stage detection and prognosis. In this study, a novel model, named the risk‐weighted sparse regression (RWSR) model, is constructed to identify a robust signature for patients of early‐stage BLCA. The 17‐gene signature is generated and then validated as an independent prognostic factor in BLCA cohorts from GSE13507 and TCGA_BLCA datasets. Meanwhile, a risk score model is developed and validated among the 17‐gene signature. The risk score is also considered an independent factor for prognosis prediction, which is confirmed through prognosis analysis. The Kaplan‐Meier with the log‐rank test is used to assess survival difference. Furthermore, the predictive capacity of the signature is proved through stratification analysis. Finally, an effective patient classification is completed by a combination of the 17‐gene signature and stage information, which is for better survival prediction and treatment decisions. Besides, 11 genes in the signature, such as coiled‐coil domain containing 73 (CCDC73) and protein kinase, DNA‐activated, and catalytic subunit (PRKDC), are proved to be prognosis marker genes or strongly associated with prognosis and progress of other types of cancer in published literature already. As a result, this paper would more accurately predict a patient’s prognosis and improve surveillance in the clinical setting, which may provide a quantitative and reliable decision‐making basis for the treatment plan.
Plant Extract Valorization ofMelissa officinalisL. for Agroindustrial Purposes through Their Biochemical Properties and Biological Activities
Authors: Souihi Mouna , Ben Ayed Rayda , Trabelsi Imen , Khammassi Marwa , Ben Brahim Nadia , Annabi Mohamed
Published: June 2020

Lemon balm (Melissa officinalisL.) is one of the rare medicinal plants in Tunisia. It was found only in two sites in the north of Tunisia with a small number of plants. The study of germination under the NaCl and PEG effect showed that Tunisian lemon balm seeds were sensitive to saline and osmotic stress. Morphological and biochemical characterizations of TunisianM. officinaliswere performed. Results showed that the Tunisian populations presented plants with long, broad leaves and weak branching. The major constituent in leaf essential oil was germacrene-D with a percentage ranging from 29.17 to 24.6%, and the major fatty acids were polyunsaturated fatty acids, linoleic acid, ranging from 73.93 to 66.74%. The phenolic content ofM. officinalisextract varied significantly among origins which could explain the high variation in antiradical scavenging activity. The evaluation of allelopathic activities showed that the extract of the lemon balm leaves presented an allelopathic effect with the majority of the tested seeds.
Circadian Oscillations Persist in Cervical and Esophageal Cancer Cells Displaying Decreased Expression of Tumor-Suppressing Circadian Clock Genes
Authors: van der Watt Pauline J. , Roden Laura C. , Davis Kate T. , Parker M. Iqbal , Leaner Virna D.
Published: June 2020

There is accumulating evidence for a link between circadian clock disruption and cancer progression. In this study, the circadian clock was investigated in cervical and esophageal cancers, to determine whether it is disrupted in these cancer types. Oncomine datamining revealed downregulation of multiple members of the circadian clock gene family in cancer patient tissue compared with matched normal epithelium. Real-time RT-PCR analysis confirmed significant downregulation of CLOCK, PER1, PER2, PER3, CRY1, CRY2, REV-ERBα, and RORα in esophageal tumor tissue. In cell line models, expression of several circadian clock genes was significantly decreased in transformed and cancer cells compared with noncancer controls, and protein levels were dysregulated. These effects were mediated, at least in part, by methylation, where CLOCK, CRY1, and RORα gene promoter regions were found to be methylated in cancer cells. Overexpression of CLOCK and PER2 in cancer cell lines inhibited cell proliferation and activation of RORα and REV-ERBα using agonists resulted in cancer cell death, while having a lesser effect on normal epithelial cells. Despite dysregulated circadian clock gene expression, cervical and esophageal cancer cells maintain functional circadian oscillations after Dexamethasone synchronization, as revealed using real-time bioluminescence imaging, suggesting that their circadian clock mechanisms are intact.

Implications:

This study is a first to describe dysregulated, yet oscillating, circadian clock gene expression in cervical and esophageal cancer cells, and knowledge of circadian clock functioning in these cancer types has the potential to inform chronotherapy approaches, where the timing of administration of chemotherapy is optimized on the basis of the circadian clock.
Co-Existence of Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia and Bartter Syndrome due to Maternal Uniparental Isodisomy of HSD3B2 and CLCNKB Mutations
Authors: Giri Dinesh , Bockenhauer Detlef , Deshpande Charu , Achermann John C , Taylor Norman F. , Rumsby Gill , Morgan Henry , Senniappan Senthil , Ajzensztejn Michal
Published: June 2020

Introduction: We present a patient with co-existence of 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 (HSD3B2) deficiency and Bartter syndrome, a unique dual combination of opposing pathologies that has not been reported previously in the literature. Case: A female infant (46,XX) born at 34/40 weeks’ gestation, weighing 2.67 kg (−1.54 standard deviation score) to non-consanguineous parents presented on day 4 of life with significant weight loss. Subsequent investigations revealed hyponatraemia, hypochloraemia, metabolic alkalosis, elevated 17-hydroxyprogesterone, ACTH, and renin. Urine steroid profile suggested HSD3B2 deficiency, which was confirmed by the identification of a homozygous HSD3B2 mutation. Due to the persistence of the hypochlo­raemic and hypokalemic alkalosis, an underlying renal tubulopathy was suspected. Sequence analysis of a targeted tubulopathy gene panel revealed a homozygous deletion in CLCNKB, consistent with Bartter syndrome type 3. The mother was found to be heterozygous for both mutations in ­HSD3B2 and CLCNKB, and the father was negative for both. Single-nucleotide polymorphism microarray analysis confirmed 2 segments of homozygosity on chromosome 1 of maternal ancestry, encompassing both HSD3B2 and CLCKNB. Discussion: Identification of a homozygous rare mutation in an offspring of non-consanguineous parents should raise suspicion of uniparental disomy, especially if the phenotype is unusual, potentially encompassing more than one disorder. The persistence of hypokalemic alkalosis, the biochemical fingerprint of hyperaldosteronism in a child with a form of CAH in which aldosterone production is severely impaired, challenges our current understanding of mineralocorticoid-mediated effects in the collecting duct.
Verbitterung, Weisheit und Suizidgedanken
Authors: Lüke Ronja , Brailovskaia Julia , Teismann Tobias
Published: June 2020

Inwieweit Verbitterung mit Suizidgedanken assoziiert ist, wurde bislang nur selten untersucht. Darüber hinaus stellt sich die Frage, ob Weisheit bzw. Weisheitskomponenten den Zusammenhang zwischen Verbitterung und Suizidgedan­ken moderieren, Weisheit also als ein Resilienzfaktor gegenüber Suizidgedanken zu verstehen ist. Insgesamt nahmen 311 Proband*innen (n = 179, 57,6% weiblich; Alter: Mittelwert = 32,63 Jahre, SD = 14,06) an einer internetbasierten Fragebogenstudie teil. Es zeigte sich sowohl, dass Verbitte­rung und Suizidgedanken eng assoziiert sind, als auch, dass dieser Zusammenhang durch die Weisheitskomponente Humor moderiert wird. In Bezug auf weitere Weisheitskomponenten fanden sich keine erwartungskonformen Zusammenhänge. Die Ergebnisse unterstützen aktuelle Befunde zur Bedeutung von Humor als Resilienzfaktor gegenüber suizidalem Erleben.
Association between Abdominal Fat Distribution and Free Triiodothyronine in a Euthyroid Population
Authors: Nie Xiaomin , Xu Yiting , Ma Xiaojing , Xiao Yunfeng , Wang Yufei , Bao Yuqian
Published: June 2020

Background: Obesity is closely related to thyroid hormones; however, the relationship between abdominal fat distribution and thyroid hormones has rarely been explored. Objectives: This study aimed to explore the relationship between abdominal fat distribution and free triiodothyronine (FT3) and FT3 to free thyroxine (FT4) ratio (FT3/FT4) in a euthyroid population. Methods: The present study enrolled 1,036 participants (age range 27–81 years; 445 men and 591 women). The visceral fat area (VFA) and the subcutaneous fat area (SFA) were determined by magnetic resonance imaging. FT3, FT4, and thyroid-stimulating hormone were measured by an electrochemical luminescence immunoassay. Results: In both men and women, SFA increased according to the increase of FT3 and FT3/FT4 tertiles (p for trend <0.05), while VFA did not significantly change. In the multivariate stepwise regression analysis, SFA was independently and positively related to FT3 in both men and women, the standardized β (95% CI) were 0.183 (0.094, 0.272) (p < 0.001) and 0.089 (0.007, 0.171) (p = 0.033), respectively. Moreover, SFA was independently and positively related to FT3/FT4 in men, the standardized β (95% CI) was 0.196 (0.101, 0.290) (p < 0.001). However, VFA was not related to either FT3 or FT3/FT4 in both genders. Conclusions: Abdominal subcutaneous fat was independently related to increased FT3 in a euthyroid population.
The Role of Serum Inﬂammation-Based Factors in Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Treatment for Macular Edema Secondary to Retinal Vein Occlusion and Its Subtypes
Authors: Rao Jie , Wu Na , Qu Xiaoyong , Hu Yuxiang , Wu Yajun , Cheng Yi , Yan Li , Huang Hui , Li Siyu , Shi Ling , Wu Xiaorong
Published: June 2020

Objective: The aim of this work was to evaluate the association between pretreatment inﬂammation-based factors and outcomes in patients with macular edema (ME) secondary to retinal vein occlusion (RVO) and its subtypes after intravitreal ranibizumab or conbercept implant. Methods: This retrospective observational study included patients who were diagnosed with ME secondary to RVO at the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University between January 2017 and January 2019, and who subsequently received intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) treatment. Blood-based parameters were measured before treatment, and correlations between best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and each of 3 parameters – neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) – were analyzed to identify predictors of effective intravitreal injection treatment outcomes. Results: A total of 315 treatment-naïve eyes treated with anti-VEGF drugs for RVO-ME were retrospectively analyzed in this study. The mean PLR value was significantly different in the effective and ineffective group for RVO-ME (138.03 ± 48.61 vs. 106.79 ± 27.28), branch RVO (BRVO)-ME (216.47 ± 53.04 vs. 185.94 ± 51.47), and central RVO (CRVO)-ME (231.07 ± 66.05 vs. 196.20 ± 60.44). The cutoff value of the PLR was 97.92, the area under the curve was 0.70, and the sensitivity and specificity were 81.5 and 44.3%, respectively. The mean NLR value was significantly different in the effective and ineffective groups for RVO-ME (2.20 ± 1.40 vs. 1.92 ± 0.89), and BRVO-ME (2.01 ± 0.80 vs. 1.82 ± 0.84), but not in patients with CRVO-ME (2.51 ± 2.02 vs. 2.12 ± 0.95). There are no significant differences between BRVO-ME and its subtype groups in MLR values. But the mean MLR value was significantly higher in the conbercept group than in the ranibizu­mab group among patients in the effective group (0.27 ± 0.11 vs. 0.25 ± 0.14). Conclusion: Higher pretreatment PLR was associated with BCVA in patients with RVO-ME and its subtypes who were treated with anti-VEGF drugs. The PLR may be used as a predictive and prognostic tool for effective intravitreal injection treatment outcomes.
Subjetividade e trabalho
Authors: Santana Izabela Loner
Published: June 2020

Este ensaio tem como objetivo refletir sobre a relação entre subjetividade e trabalho no atualestado do capitalismo. Para isso, mobiliza-se, por um lado, a teoria de Maurizio Lazzarato e Antonio Negrisobre o trabalho imaterial, em seus textos da década de 1990, nos quais mostram um otimismo em relaçãoàs condições de trabalho contemporâneas e sua abertura à emancipação; assim como a obra de PierreDardot e Christian Laval acerca da lógica neoliberal e como esta cooptou até mesmo a possível abertura àemancipação indicada por Lazzarato e Negri. Tal reflexão, portanto, pretende mostrar como a opressão edominação do capital aprofundou-se em um cenário diferente do profetizado no início do neoliberalismo.
Hegel e o progresso histórico
Authors: Silva Gabriel Rodrigues da
Published: June 2020

Este artigo visa apresentar e analisar a concepção de progresso histórico elaborada pelo filósofo alemão Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel (1770-1831) em sua obra Lições sobre a Filosofia da História, publicada postumamente em 1837. Para isso, a exposição do artigo seguirá, principalmente, o terceiro capítulo da obra mencionada – denominado “O Curso da História Universal” –, acompanhando, detalhadamente, a argumentação do filósofo. A conclusão do artigo destaca o progresso histórico hegeliano compreendido enquanto um fim infinito, baseando-se, principalmente, na obra Does History Make Sense? (2017), de Terry Pinkard. Além disso, compara-se a compreensão hegeliana do progresso histórico com as compreensões linear e cíclica da história.
Processamento linguístico e consciência
Authors: Rodrigues Thaís Vasconcelos
Published: June 2020

Este artigo pretende constituir o conceito de consciência linguística por meio de uma análise de processos cerebrais de linguagem e sua classificação como conscientes ou inconscientes. Para tanto, descrevem-se alguns experimentos mentais e textos dos neurolinguistas Peter Indefrey e Willem Levelt acerca das questões sobre produção e percepção da linguagem. Ressaltando que a consciência tem papel ativo em tais processos linguísticos, busca-se apontar esse papel quanto a concepção da consciência no que concerne a certos processos linguísticos.
Linking Lysosomal Enzyme Targeting Genes and Energy Metabolism with Altered Gray Matter Volume in Children with Persistent Stuttering
Authors: Chow Ho Ming , Garnett Emily O. , Li Hua , Etchell Andrew , Sepulcre Jorge , Drayna Dennis , Chugani Diane , Chang Soo-Eun
Published: June 2020

Developmental stuttering is a childhood onset neurodevelopmental disorder with an unclear etiology. Subtle changes in brain structure and function are present in both children and adults who stutter. It is a highly heritable disorder, and 12–20% of stuttering cases may carry a mutation in one of four genes involved in intracellular trafficking. To better understand the relationship between genetics and neuroanatomical changes, we used gene expression data from the Allen Institute for Brain Science and voxel-based morphometry to investigate the spatial correspondence between gene expression patterns and differences in gray matter volume between children with persistent stuttering ( n = 26, and 87 scans) and their fluent peers ( n = 44, and 139 scans). We found that the expression patterns of two stuttering-related genes ( GNPTG and NAGPA) from the Allen Institute data exhibited a strong positive spatial correlation with the magnitude of between-group gray matter volume differences. Additional gene set enrichment analyses revealed that genes whose expression was highly correlated with the gray matter volume differences were enriched for glycolysis and oxidative metabolism in mitochondria. Because our current study did not examine the participants’ genomes, these results cannot establish the direct association between genetic mutations and gray matter volume differences in stuttering. However, our results support further study of the involvement of lysosomal enzyme targeting genes, as well as energy metabolism in stuttering. Future studies assessing variations of these genes in the participants’ genomes may lead to increased understanding of the biological mechanisms of the observed spatial relationship between gene expression and gray matter volume.
Syntax-prosody mapping of Greek subject/object ambiguous clauses
Authors: Martzoukou Maria , Papadopoulou Despina
Published: June 2020

The aim of the present study is threefold: (a) to explore whether Greek adults, who are non-trained speakers and naïve to the purpose of the study, use distinguishable prosodic cues, while producing subject/object ambiguous sentences, (b) to examine whether the same participants use prosody as an important informative cue, morphosyntax aside, in order to decode such ambiguities and (c) to investigate the linking between comprehension and production and more specifically whether prosodic cues are employed by speakers in production to the same extent as they are by listeners in comprehension. For this purpose a production and an on-line comprehension task were conducted. Results revealed that prosodic cues were used to denote the subject or the object condition, but they were not consistently employed in order for the two to be differentiated. The prosodic patterns which were employed also allowed us to examine the predictions made by three psycholinguistic syntax-prosody mappings. The on-line comprehension task demonstrated that listeners were always sensitive to prosody, even though a preference for the object condition was revealed.
Catalog of the Biting Midges of the World (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae)
Authors: BORKENT ART , DOMINIAK PATRYCJA
Published: June 2020

A list of all valid 6,206 extant and 296 fossil species of Ceratopogonidae described worldwide is provided, along with all their synonyms. A full citation and the country of origin of the type is given, with some larger countries also providing a more specific state or province. For the first time, worldwide, nomina dubia are identified. Numbers of species of each genus and subgenus are listed. Within subfamilies and tribes, genera are listed alphabetically. Five species have newly recognized authors, four have new names and 28 new combinations are recognized, with these listed in a table. A commentary on the state of the systematics in the family and particularly of Culicoides Latreille is given. The museums of the world are listed with the types of various authors of Ceratopogonidae species indicated. Authors providing regional catalogs, as well as summation of various collections are tabulated. The rate of description since 1758 indicates a steady progression of description, with, for example, 1,231 valid species described since the compilation of the world species by Borkent & Wirth (1997), till the end of 2018. The diversity in each Region is compared and the numbers of species shared between adjacent Regions presented.
A synopsis of Typhlocarcinops Rathbun, 1909 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Pilumnidae), with descriptions of nine new species from the Indo-West Pacific
Authors: NG PETER K. L. , RAHAYU DWI LISTYO
Published: June 2020

The taxonomy of the Indo-West Pacific rhizopine genus Typhlocarcinops Rathbun, 1909 (Pilumnidae) is revised and 22 species are recognised. The identification of these small, soft sediment-dwelling crabs has been difficult because many of the types have never been figured and described to modern standards. The identity of the type species, T. canaliculatus Rathbun, 1909, is clarified and T. gallardoi Serène, 1964, is shown to be its junior synonym. Similarly, T. genkaiae Takeda & Miyake, 1972, and T. takedai Ng, 1987, are synonymised with T. decrescens Rathbun, 1914, and T. marginatus Rathbun, 1914, respectively. Nine new species are described: T. robustus, T. hamus, T. raouli, T. atimovatae, T. hadrotes, T. hirtus, T. diminutus, T. kanashi and T. lapillus. The various species are defined by a suite of carapace, cheliped, third maxilliped, male pleonal and male first gonopod characters. The type and only known specimen of the poorly known rhizopine Paraselwynia ursina Tesch, 1918, which is superficially similar to Typhlocarcinops, is figured and compared. A key to all known species of Typhlocarcinops is provided.
Potential forensic implications of kerokan therapy – a traditional Indonesian therapy associated with neck bruising
Authors: Samberkar Prashant N , Samberkar Snehlata P , Byard Roger W
Published: June 2020

Kerokan is a traditional Indonesian treatment involving abrading the skin over various parts of the body with a blunt object such as a coin or a piece of ginger which may create suspicious injuries. Here, the case of a 30-year-old woman who had undergone kerokan therapy is reported. She was complaining of retro-sternal pain and epigastric discomfort and subsequently became markedly short of breath and died. The observation of injuries predominantly located around the neck initiated a police investigation and forensic autopsy. Scattered abrasions, blisters and bruises were present on the forehead, the bridge of the nose extending to the ala, the upper and anterior aspect of the chin and the sternal notch, with discrete fresh and scabbed abrasions around the neck, over the sternum and on the backs of both hands. There were, however, no facial or conjunctival petechiae and no bruising of the underlying strap muscles, or fractures of the hyoid bone or thyroid cartilage. Histology revealed that myocarditis was the cause of death. Traditional practices may cause unusual bruises, abrasions, blisters and burns that may raise suspicion of inflicted injury from an assault. Knowledge of the manifestations of socio-ethnic practices such as kerokan is important in the evaluation of trauma in specific cultural groups.
All Around the World Same Song: Transnational Anti-Black Racism and New (and Old) Directions for Critical Race Theory in Educational Research
Authors: Busey Christopher L. , Coleman-King Chonika
Published: June 2020

As demonstrated through the disregard for Black humanity and respondent Black social movements throughout Latin America, anti-Black systemic racism is a transnational phenomenon birthed from global White supremacy. Across the Americas, the hemispheric parallels undergirding collective resistance to anti-Black racism and state-sanctioned violence lend themselves to multifaceted interdisciplinary scholarly examinations. Using transnational anti-Black racism in Latin America as a point of departure, we advance a theorization of critical race theory in education capable of interrogating racist structures of coloniality, modernity, and White supremacy that operate globally to suppress Black humanity and humanness in general. To that extent, we draw from and reposition critical race theory (CRT) from its sociohistoric heritage in the United States and instead conceptualize transnational anti-Black racism vis-à-vis a Black Diaspora reading of CRT. Finally, we return to education as a key site of contestation for transnational anti-Black racism and draw implications for the meaning of this global theorization of CRT in urban education, praxis, and educational research. We end by charting new and old directions for CRT in educational research.
Retrospective study on imported schistosomiasis in Morocco between 2005 and 2017
Authors: Balahbib Abdelaali , Amarir Fatima , Bouhout Souad , Adlaoui El Bachir , Rhajaoui Mohamed , Sadak Abderrahim
Published: June 2020

Since 2004, no indigenous cases of schistosomiasis have been found in Morocco; only imported cases have been detected. The aim of the present study was to describe and analyse the epidemiological profile of imported schistosomiasis between 2005 and 2017, and, by this, attract attention to the probability of a reintroduction of this disease. During this period, 27 cases were recorded in Morocco, with a male predominance (13:1). All cases reported were found among African immigrants from Mauritania (37%), Mali (18%) and Senegal (15%).

  Schistosoma heamatobium was the most dominant specie. Most cases were reported in Rabat and Agadir, where there are many snail habitats. To prevent a re-emergence of the disease, the main challenge would be to consolidate and maintain a sustainable surveillance and control system of the importation of bilharzia. The frequency of asymptomatic schistosomiasis justifies a systematic health check-up for all travellers, migrants and immigrants.
Social Support from Adult Children, Parent–Child Relationship, Emotion Regulation Strategy, and Depressive Symptoms Among Chinese Older Adults
Authors: Wang Yan , Zhang Jinfeng , Wang Bin , Fu Haojie
Published: June 2020

We examined the association between social support from adult children (SSAC) and depressive symptoms among Chinese older adults, as well as the moderated mediation mechanism with the parent–child relationship as a mediator and with emotion regulation strategies (cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression) as moderators. With a cross-sectional design, 356 Chinese older adults completed our questionnaire survey. Results revealed the negative association between SSAC and depressive symptoms among Chinese older adults, and the parent–child relationship mediated this association. In addition, the indirect effect of SSAC on depressive symptoms through the parent–child relationship depended on emotion regulation strategies. Specifically, the parent–child relationship mediated the association between SSAC and depressive symptoms only for older adults with less cognitive reappraisal or more expressive suppression. Our study highlighted the complementary role of family and individual factors in ameliorating older adults’ depressive symptoms.
Assessing the effectiveness of actionable nutrigenomics and lifestyle genomics interventions for weight management in clinical practice: A critical, scoping review with directions for future research
Authors: Horne Justine , Gilliland Jason , Madill Janet
Published: June 2020

Background:

The use of nutrigenomics and lifestyle genomics in clinical practice has the potential to optimize weight-related outcomes for patients.

Aim:

A scoping review was conducted to summarize and evaluate the current body of knowledge related to the effectiveness of providing DNA-based lifestyle advice on weight-related outcomes, with the aim of providing direction for future research.

Method:

Primary studies were included if they were written in English, evaluated weight-related and/or body mass index and/or body composition outcomes, and provided participants with an actionable genetic-based lifestyle intervention; interventions that only provided information on genetic risk for diseases/conditions were excluded. Data was extracted from each article meeting inclusion criteria ( N=3) and the studies were critically appraised for methodological limitations.

Results:

Research in this area is promising, but limited. Specific limitations relate to study designs, the nature of the recommendations provided to participants, small (underpowered) sample sizes, the use of self-reported weight/BMI data and lack of consideration of important confounding factors.

Conclusions:

Therefore, the effectiveness of nutrigenomics and lifestyle genomics interventions for weight management in clinical practice cannot yet be conclusively determined. Recommendations for future research are detailed in the present manuscript.
The rise of domestic popular film production with new audience and changing industry structure: The case of popular cinema in Turkey
Authors: Cetin-Erus Zeynep , Erus Burcay
Published: June 2020

Transformation of cultural markets is a complex development that relates to both the audience and the industry. During the last decade, domestic popular films in Turkey increased their share of box office significantly. This study analyses socio-economic developments along with monopolization of exhibition sector to understand the change. While factors such as higher income level, relatively lower ticket prices, higher proportion of population in education and urbanization created a new potential audience for domestic films, rise of a dominant player in exhibition sector broke the hegemony created by foreign distribution companies.
Clinical validation of the self-reported Glasgow Antipsychotic Side-effect Scale using the clinician-rated UKU side-effect scale as gold standard reference
Authors: Schouby Bock Marlene , Nørgaard Van Achter Oona , Dines David , Simonsen Speed Maria , Correll Christoph U , Mors Ole , Østergaard Søren Dinesen , Kølbæk Pernille
Published: June 2020

Background:

Antipsychotics are key for the treatment of psychotic and several non-psychotic disorders. Unfortunately, antipsychotic medications are associated with side effects, which may reduce quality of life and treatment adherence. Therefore, regular screening of antipsychotic side effects is essential. The Glasgow Antipsychotic Side-effect Scale is a patient self-report scale developed for this purpose. However, the Glasgow Antipsychotic Side-effect Scale has only been validated against another self-report side effect measure, which is suboptimal.

Objective:

We aimed to validate the Glasgow Antipsychotic Side-effect Scale using the clinician-rated Udvalg for Kliniske Undersøgelser side-effect rating scale as the gold standard reference.

Results:

81 antipsychotic-treated outpatients with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders (age = 42±13 years; males = 43%, schizophrenia = 77%, illness duration: median = 11 years) completed the Glasgow Antipsychotic Side-effect Scale and were subsequently scored on the Udvalg for Kliniske Undersøgelser by trained raters. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value were calculated for paired Glasgow Antipsychotic Side-effect Scale and Udvalg for Kliniske Undersøgelser items. Sensitivity of Glasgow Antipsychotic Side-effect Scale items ranged from 33–96%, with 19 (86%) having >75% sensitivity. Lowest sensitivity emerged for “nocturnal enuresis” (33%), “galactorrhea” (50%) and “hyperkinesia” 14–99%, with 14 items (64%) having >75% specificity, being lowest for “asthenia” (14%), “polyuria/polydipsia” (35%), “sedation” (41%), “akathisia” (53%), “dystonia” (65%), “hyperkinesia” (68%), “hypokinesia” (70%) and “accommodation” (70%). Positive predictive value ranged from 7–85%, with six items (27%) having a positive predictive value >75%. Negative predictive value ranged from 40–98%, with 21 items (95%) having a negative predictive value >75%. The mean time to complete the Glasgow Antipsychotic Side-effect Scale was 4±2 minutes.

Conclusion:

The Glasgow Antipsychotic Side-effect Scale demonstrated satisfactory validity as a self-rated tool for antipsychotic side effects and may aid measurement-based care and decision-making.
Cerebroarterial pulsatility and resistivity indices are associated with cognitive impairment and white matter hyperintensity in elderly subjects: A phase-contrast MRI study
Authors: Pahlavian Soroush H , Wang Xinhui , Ma Samantha , Zheng Hong , Casey Marlena , D’Orazio Lina M , Shao Xingfeng , Ringman John M , Chui Helena , Wang Danny JJ , Yan Lirong
Published: June 2020

Increased cerebroarterial pulsations are thought to be contributing factors in microvascular damage and cognitive impairment. In this study, we assessed the utility of two-dimensional (2D) phase-contrast MRI (PC-MRI) in quantifying cerebroarterial pulsations and evaluated the associations of pulsatile and non-pulsatile hemodynamic measures with cognitive performance and white matter hyperintensities (WMH). Neurocognitive assessments on 50 elderly subjects were performed using clinical dementia rating (CDR) and Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA). An electrocardiogram-gated 2D PC-MRI sequence was used to calculate mean flow rate, pulsatility index (PI), and resistivity index (RI) of the internal carotid artery. For each subject, whole brain global cerebral blood flow (gCBF) and relative WMH volume were also quantified. Elevated RI was significantly associated with reduced cognitive performance quantified using MoCA ( p =  0.04) and global CDR ( p =  0.02). PI and RI were both significantly associated with relative WMH volume ( p =  0.01, p <  0.01, respectively). However, non-pulsatile hemodynamic measures were not associated with cognitive impairment or relative WMH volume. This study showed that the cerebroarterial pulsatile measures obtained using PC-MRI have stronger association with the measures of cognitive impairment compared to global blood flow measurement and as such, might be useful as potential biomarkers of cerebrovascular dysfunction in preclinical populations.
Lane Detection and Lane-Changing Identification with High-Resolution Data from a Swarm of Drones
Authors: Barmpounakis Emmanouil , Sauvin Guillaume M. , Geroliminis Nikolaos
Published: June 2020

In the era of big data, new transportation-related concepts and methodologies need to be proposed to understand how congestion propagates. pNEUMA, a unique dataset that was acquired during a first-of-its-kind experiment using a swarm of drones over a dense city center, has uncovered new opportunities for revisiting and evaluating existing concepts, and new ways to describe significant traffic-related phenomena. This dataset is part of an open science initiative shared with the research community and consists of more than half a million detailed trajectories of almost every vehicle that was present in the study area. The aim of this paper is to describe the first methodological approach to how such information can be utilized to extract lane-specific information from this new kind of data and set the benchmark for possible future approaches. Specifically, we describe the methodological framework of two related algorithms: lane detection and lane-changing maneuver identification. Azimuth was the main concept utilized in this methodological framework to overcome existing issues in the literature related to identifying lane-changing maneuvers. The combination of high-quality data, clustering techniques, and detailed spatial information in the lane-detection algorithm indicated it was an effective tool without the need for complex computational effort. Moreover, high-resolution data together with modern time-series analysis tools for lane-changing identification, showed that high-accuracy predictive algorithms can be obtained. The accuracy of both tools was over 95%. Challenging scenarios are identified for future studies and to further improve the tools.
Behind the Scenes of the Underworld: Hierarchical Clustering of Two Leaked Carding Forum Databases
Authors: Kigerl Alex
Published: June 2020

Cybercriminals operate in obscurity to avoid detection of their illegal deeds. This fact makes studying them more difficult. Many cybercriminals meet in illicit online market places such as carding forums. The forums are often visible, but the actual transactions are carried out in private messages beyond view. However, there is no honor among thieves, and sometimes a carding forum server database will be hacked and leaked to the public. Existing research has been conducted on such leaked databases, but much of it is quantitative, rather than offering any qualitative interpretation into the nature of the forum user base. This research sought to analyze two such leaked carding forum databases by applying hierarchical clustering of 10,714 registered user accounts, grouping users based on 19 variables consisting of comment history style, site engagement activity, and explicit status markers. The results yielded 16 categories of users from four different domains composed of general consumers, location-based consumers, producers, and an “other” category. Following categorization, qualitative analyses were conducted to further shed insight into the nature of the two forums.
HIV Status and Antiretroviral Therapy as Predictors of Disability among Older South Africans: Overall Association and Moderation by Body Mass Index
Authors: Asiimwe Stephen B. , Montana Livia , Kahn Kathleen , Tollman Stephen M. , Kabudula Chodziwadziwa W. , Gómez-Olivé Xavier F. , Berkman Lisa F. , Glymour Maria M. , Bärnighausen Till
Published: June 2020

Objectives: Among older people living with HIV (PLWH) and comparable individuals without HIV, we evaluated whether associations of HIV and antiretroviral therapy (ART) with disability depend on body mass index (BMI). Methods: We analyzed 4552 participants in the “Health and Aging in Africa: A Longitudinal Study of an INDEPTH Community in South Africa.” (HAALSI) We compared prevalence of disability (≥1 impairment in basic activities of daily living) by HIV status, ART use, and BMI category, adjusting for age, sex, education, father’s occupation, country of origin, lifetime alcohol use, and primary health-care utilization. Results: Among PLWH, those underweight had 9.8% points (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.2 to 18.4) higher prevalence of disability than those with normal BMI. Among ART users, those underweight had 11.9% points (95% CI: 2.2 to 21.6) higher prevalence of disability than those with normal BMI. Conclusions: We found no evidence that weight improvement associated with ART use is likely to increase disability.