bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the Alabio Ducks Rearing Business with Herbal Medicine Supplementation in Lebak Swamplands of South Kalimantan
Authors: Siti Rohaeni Eni , Kurniawan Harun , Lesmayati Susi , Ayu Saptati Ratna , Miraya Nila
Published: November 2023

Ducks are one of the sources of income for farmers in the Lebak swamp area, South Kalimantan. Duck rearing is one of the prospective ducks farming activities. The study aims to determine the analysis of Alabio ducks rearing business with herbal medicine supplementation. Due to the high prevalence of disease attacks, herbal medicine supplementation was given to ducks to boost their immune systems. The research was carried out in Sungai Durait Hulu village, Babirik subdistrict, Hulu Sungai Utara (HSU) Regency in April-December 2019. A total of 700 female Alabio ducks were used as samples with a mixed rearing system (intensive system for ducks aged 1-30 days; semi-intensive for ducks aged 1-5 months), and a 5-month of observation period. The parameters observed were production parameters, mainly duck mortality and/or loss, and economic parameters to determine business feasibility. The herbal medicine supplementation significantly affected immune systems, as shown by a lower mortality rate (30%) for ducks with herbal medicine supplementation compared to ducks without herbal medicine supplementation (50%). Duck rearing in this area was feasible and profitable which shown by R/C values were greater than one for both groups of ducks, namely 1.84 and 2.28 for ducks without and with herbal medicine supplementation, respectively.
Allocative Efficiency of Pontianak Siam Orange Farming in Sambas Regency, Indonesia
Authors: Burhansyah Rusli , Kilmanun Juliana Corolina , Evy Retnaning Prahardini Paulina
Published: November 2023

In Sambas Regency, 95% of the oranges are contributed by Siame oranges. Citrus farmers have a dilemma in that they don’t know whether or not production elements are used effectively. The purpose of this study is to identify the production and farming efficiency parameters for Siamese oranges. The study was carried out in Sambas Regency’s Tebas District, a hub for Siam production. A survey method is employed in the research. There are 100 Siam orange growers who responded, and purposeful sampling was used to collect the data. Data is handled using SPSS version 21 for the analysis of the Cobb-Douglas production function. The Marginal Value Product and the Mean Factor Production Price (Px) are compared in a factor efficiency analysis. The findings indicated that the usage of production elements, such as land, family labor, labor performed by people outside the family, the quantity of urea fertilizer, SP-36 fertilizer, NPK fertilizer, and insecticides are all ineffective. This calls for a reduction in the utilization of all production factors.
Farmers’ Behavior Towards the Use of Certified Rice Seeds in Rainfed Fields
Authors: Setiani Cahyati , Sahara Dewi , Prasetyo Teguh , Eti Wulanjari Munir
Published: November 2023

Certified rice seeds can increase productivity, but only 53% of farmers use them in Indonesia. Rainfed paddy fields with certified seeds have the potential to increase productivity and develop into production centers. The research aimed to describe farmers’ knowledge of certified rice seeds, analyze their suitability in terms of performance and importance, and analyze farmers’ satisfaction with certified rice seeds. The research was carried out in 2021 in Banjarejo Village, Bayan District, Purworejo Regency, Central Java Province. Sampling was carried out by a purposive random sample of 31 farmers. The sampling techniques were carried out using purposive random sampling. The Customer Satisfaction Index (CSI) and Importance Performance Analysis (IPA) were analyzed descriptively and quantitatively. The results showed that most farmers use certified rice seeds after 3-4 planting seasons. Internal factors and economic factors affect the use of certified rice seeds. Farmers’ CSI value of seed attributes amounted to 71.05%. The use of certified rice seeds in rainfed paddy fields must be increased using a persuasive seed-independent village area approach.
Feasibility and production of soybean cultivation in Banyumas Regency, Central Java
Authors: Kartika Eka Wijayanti Irene , Putri Dindy Darmawati , Kusnaman Djeimy , Mulyani Altri , Adhi Saputro Wahyu
Published: November 2023

The demand for soybeans always rises in line with population growth. Domestic soybean productivity has not increased in tandem with rising demand. Soybean productivity in Banyumas Regency has reached only 80 percent of Indonesia’s soybean productivity. The research objectives were to analyze: 1) the feasibility of soybean cultivation, 2) factors affecting soybean production, and 3) the degree of efficiency in using soybean production factors. The research method used is survey. The research was conducted in Banyumas Regency from August to October 2022. The sampling technique used simple cluster sampling and selected 80 out of 1050 farmers. The data used is soybean production data for the 2021 planting season. The data analysis method used is the relationship between costs and revenues, the Cobb Douglas production function, and the Cobb Douglas economy. The findings revealed that: 1) agriculture is feasible because it has a positive profit value and more than one R/C; 2) land area, seeds, fertiliser, and labour have a significant impact on soybean production, whereas pesticides have no significant impact; and 3) the use of land, seeds, fertiliser, and labour inputs in soybean cultivation is inefficient when the BKM-NPM ratio is more signifivant than one.
Forecasting of Red Chilli Prices in Banyumas Regency: The ARIMA Approach
Authors: Prasetyo Kunandar , Putri Dindy Darmawati , Kartika Eka Wijayanti Irene , Zulkifli Lutfi
Published: November 2023

Chilli is one of the national strategic commodities in Indonesia. The price of chilli tends to fluctuate every season which may contribute to inflation. In June 2022, chilli price contributed to the food group inflation as 0.24%. At the same period, in Banyumas it contributed as 0.20%. This study aimed: 1) to analyse the performance of red chilli price in Banyumas, 2) to analyse the forecasting of red chilli prices in Banyumas. This study used a descriptive method for assessing performance of red chilli price and method for forecasting of red chilli prices using the Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model. The secondary data of the average price of chilli used in the study was obtained from PIHPS. There were 69 data from April 2017 until December 2020. The red chilli prices in Banyumas Regency shows an upward trend in a fluctuating during April 2017 to December 2022. ARIMA 1.11 has been estimated as the most suitable model for predicting prices. The result showed that the price of chilli in Banyumas during January-December 2023 was predicted as 39.703 to 42.815 rupiahs per kilo, and it tends to increase every season.
Smallholder Farmers’ Perception on Coffee Production under Geographical Indication Scheme
Authors: Laksono Pandu , Arina Ashari, Diah , Hanapi Sidiq
Published: November 2023

Geographical Indication (GI) coffee production is an alternative that smallholder farmers can adopt to improve the quality of their coffee and provide an opportunity for farmers to increase their income. In terms of production standards, ease of implementation, and economic benefits, and intention to adopt, this article examines farmers’ perceptions of coffee production based on the GI’s scheme. To answer the research question, we interviewed 178 farmers who were purposefully chosen to represent two coffee geographical indication areas: Sindoro-Sumbing Java Arabica coffee and Temanggung Robusta coffee. The perceptions of farmers toward geographical indication schemes were evaluated using quantitative analysis and correlation test. The results of this study show that farmers believe that (a) the geographical indication scheme as it relates to coffee production standards is well perceived by farmers; (b) the GI scheme is perceived not very favourably by the farmers based on the ease of implementation, which indicates that the farmers are not too sure about implementing coffee production standards based on the GI scheme; (c) farmers generally have a favourable perception of the GI’s standards; and (d) farmers are enthusiastic or have a strong intention to implement GI-standards. As a result, more campaign and socialization are required to raise farmers’ enthusiasm for implementing the GI scheme.
A Study on the Productivity of Salt Farming on Madura Island, Indonesia
Authors: Fauziyah Elys , Ratna Hidayati Dwi , Fatmawati Ika
Published: November 2023

Salt is a strategic commodity in the Indonesian economy, with consistent growth in both import volume and number. However, the inability of domestic production to fulfil existing demand is caused by low productivity, which is also affected by farmers on Madura Island. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the determinant factors of salt production, the level of technical efficiency, and the socio-economic factors that cause technical inefficiency. The samples involved 120 people as determined by multistage sampling in 3 regencies on Madura Island, namely Sampang, Pamekasan, and Sumenep. Meanwhile, the parameters were analyzed using the Translog Frontier Stochastic Production Function model and multiple linear regression. The results showed that land and geomembrane influenced salt production, as well as most farmers have not produced efficiently due to the causing factors such as age, number of family members, secondary income, geomembrane, and bozem ownership.
Willingness to pay of tobacco farmers for adapting climate change and social capital influence
Authors: Saptutyningsih Endah , Anggoro Tri
Published: November 2023

Meteorologists expect that climate change will have an increasing impact on ecosystems and agricultural productivity, nevertheless, many farmers are unsure how climate change will affect crop yields and overall farming operations soon. This study investigates farmers’ willingness to pay in the process of climate change adaptation in Temanggung, Indonesia. We looked at how various aspects of social capital influence tobacco farmers’ willingness to pay financially to adapt to climate change using a logistic regression model. There were 270 farmers surveyed in this study by purposive sampling. The findings of binary logistic regression demonstrate that tobacco farmers are at least somewhat inclined to contribute to climate change adaptation, and that this decision is primarily and strongly driven by social capital factors. it shows that 82.2% of respondents are willing to pay contributions of IDR 12,000 (USD 0.78). The results showed the importance of the social capital characteristics such as community participation and trust each have a significant effect on Willingness to pay (WTP) for adapting the climate change. From a policy standpoint, it is critical to provide all farmers with knowledge that will assist them in adapting to climate change using appropriate farming technologies and practices.
Local wisdom and social entrepreneurship as the foundation for the development of organic tourism villages in Karanganyar Regency, Indonesia
Authors: Wibowo Agung , Winarno Suwarto, Joko , Permatasari Putri
Published: November 2023

Cultural heritage is passed down from generation to generation, continually being re-created by various groups in response to their environment. People’s interactions with their natural surroundings give meaning to identity and sustainability. The role of culture (local wisdom) is very important in establishing social entrepreneurial relations. Several activities have been implemented to improve the local economy of the Gentungan Village community through the development of an organic tourism village by synergizing the creative economy with tourism. This study aims to determine local wisdom and social entrepreneurship as the basis for the development of organic tourism villages in Karanganyar district. The research method is qualitative with a phenomenological approach. The research location is Gentungan Village, Mojogedang District, Karanganyar Regency, Central Java. The results of the study show that the development of organic tourism villages based on local wisdom and social entrepreneurship is proven to have the ability to empower local communities. The management of the organic tourism village “Embung Setumpeng”, with the concept of a sustainable organic tourism village, is proven to be capable of optimizing local potential. This is due to the synergy between the local institutions that are present in the management of the tourism village.
Mendong Grass-based Eco Bag represents village potency development in supporting ecotourism in Ngargotirto Sragen Indonesia
Authors: Demartoto Argyo , Ramdhon Akhmad , Pilar Naredia Shubuha
Published: November 2023

The village potency optimization and the attempt of reducing rubbish from disposable plastic shopping bag are environmental issues encouraging tourism business actors to initiate eco bag production to support ecotourism. This exploratory research analyses village potency development in Ngargotirto village, Sragen, Indonesia in supporting ecotourism through mendong grass-based eco bag using Sessions’ deep ecology theory. Informants were selected using purposive sampling. Observation, in-depth interview and related documentation were obtained from managers of Eco Bag business in Ngargotirto Village, surrounding people, tourists, and staffs of Living Environment and Cooperatives, Micro-, Small-, and medium-scale enterprise, and Industry and Trade Service Offices of Sragen Regency. Data was validated using source triangulation and analysed using an interactive model of analysis. Villagers have knowledge and skill on processing mendong grass into environment-friendly eco bag following ecotourism, design, production, and e-marketing training held by government and tourism business actors. Some basic materials derive from outside region; hence production cost is still high and plastic-based accessories are still used. Rainy season inhibits drying process and makes eco bag easy to mold. Business actors control production and marketing quality and quantity, increase villagers’ income, and support sustainable tourism through collaborating with private to reach national and global markets.
Utilization of Plant Waste as A Seed Source to Anticipate Agriculture Global Environmental Challenges and Increase Robusta Coffee Farmers’ Income
Authors: Resiani Ni Made Delly , Sunanjaya I Wayan , Sugama Nyoman
Published: November 2023

Coffee is one of the leading plantation commodities in the world trade area. The utilization of plant waste in the form of water shoots from BP308 robusta coffee is a new innovation in anticipating global environmental changes. The research aims to support seed availability by utilizing wastewater shoots as seed candidates in anticipation of global environmental changes that can provide added value and income for farmers. The research was conducted in the District of Pupuan, Tabanan, Bali. The implementation period is 2 years (2018-2020). This study was designed using a paired experimental design in the form of existing technological innovations and new seed innovations. Data were analyzed using the t test. The results showed that the seeds of existing technological innovations and new innovations were significantly different and not significantly different. Coffee leaf rust disease showed no significant differences in attack rates. Wet weight, total seed weight and shoot oven dry weight were higher in the new innovations respectively 42.14; 51.99 and 40.59%. The added value obtained from wastewater shoots is IDR 10,500.00 per tree. Conversion of added value for each farmer with ownership of 0.3–0.8 hectares (population 300-800) of trees generates an added value of IDR 3,150,000.00 to IDR 8,400,000.00 per year per farmer.
Banyumas and It’s Surround Region Farmers Adaptation to Three Years La-Nina 2020-2022
Authors: Widyasunu Purwandaru , Maryanto Joko
Published: November 2023

Normal rainy season follows the annual normal rain pattern, which takes place during the rainy season in tropical rain areas. During the last three years (2020–2022), the Banyumas Regency rainfall and its surroundings have been above normal. The significant rainfall fell in all months including May to October (dry season), so that that was a prolonged (La-Nina). To that, farmers made adaptations to crop cultivation and soil tillage with the aim of being able the land and cultivated plants productive. Related to this adaptation, survey research on La-Nina adaptation of farmers has been carried out. Survey research used a questionnaire interview technique of selected farmers groups: medium-highland (400–700 MASL) and lowland (50–250 MASL) of selected villages (Banyumas and Banjarnegara Regency. Data was processed by tabulation, descriptive analysis, and map. The selected villages were 21 villages with 66 respondents in this study. The results show: (1) the adaptation pattern of farmers obtaining adaptive rice varieties and vegetable crops, (2) organic fertilization lead land productive and adaptive La-Nina crops in three years, and 3) local wisdom, organic fertilizer, and selected adapted crops can be as a mix model farmer and region to adapt prolong rainy seasons.
The dynamics of rural transformation, household income, and poverty reduction: Case study in North Sumatra, Indonesia
Authors: Reviza Rachmawati Rika , Juliani Purba Helena , Sudaryanto Tahlim , Erwidodo  , Kristyantoadi Dermoredjo Saktyanu , Riski Irawan Aldho
Published: November 2023

Rural transformation (RT) is a process in which the agricultural system undergoes transformation towards off-farm, commercial, and market-oriented ones. The research objective is to analyze the dynamics of rural transformation, farmer incomes, and poverty in rural areas in North Sumatra. This study used secondary data from Statistics Indonesia and analyzed using descriptive and tabular methods. The results show that the agricultural structure has shifted over the last two decades from low-value commodities (food crops) to high-value commodities. At the same time, non-farm employment opportunities also showed an increase. The development of high-value commodities and non-farm sectors has also contributed to reducing rural poverty rates. The plantation sub-sector is the highest contributor to agricultural GDP in North Sumatra and tends to increase yearly, in addition to the livestock and horticulture. The non-agricultural industry began to increase and contributed significantly to GDP. Per capita income in 2011-2020 has increased. Poverty depth and severity are still below the national average, meaning that efforts to alleviate poverty have been relatively successful to increase incomes and reduce poverty in rural areas, one of the strategies that need to be taken is to encourage the development of high-value commodities and expand non-agricultural employment opportunities in rural areas.
Motives for Community Involvement in Agricultural Practice in Forest Production Area: A Case study at Kesatuan Pemangkuan Hutan/Forest Management Unit Kebonharjo, Central Java
Authors: Wisnu Rubiyanto Cahyo , Julian Santosa Fajar , Juwita Riskina
Published: November 2023

Development of Kesatuan Pengelolaan Hutan (KPH) is a policy of the Indonesian government to give wider chances for local people in rural area to manage the forest more efficiently and sustainably. However, almost half of the total forest area in the country have not been intensively managed, only few reports have discussed the relationship between development of KPH and local livelihoods. Hence, this study aimed to examine the motives for community involvement, particularly in agricultural practices in forest areas at KPH Kebonharjo, Central Java. This study was conducted through cross-sectional survey and data were analysed using word descriptions and verbatim discussions. The findings of this study indicated that the forest area of KPH Kebonharjo covers about 32.5% of the total area of 42 villages and the community involvement in agricultural activities in forest area was quite high in some villages. Income-generating activities were the main motive and household size, capital, knowledge, and access to credit were investigated as important roles in farmers’ decisions to be involved in such activities. The study suggests that future research needs to focus on identifying the socio-economic perspectives and livelihood strategies of local communities.
Empowering smallholder bitter gourd farmers in Rizal, Laguna, Philippines towards sustainable and safe farming practices
Authors: Navasero Elaine , de Castro Melodee Marciana , Manuben John Julius , Nunez Cherry Lou , Cabral Jayson , Labios Remund Jordan , Herrera Maria Noriza Q.
Published: November 2023

Excessive use of pesticides in high-value crops proves detrimental to both health and the environment. This action research aims to evaluate farmers’ food safety practices as basis in introducing interventions to empower them toward the adoption of good agricultural practices for safe and sustainable farming. In this study, bitter gourd farmers (n=30) from Rizal, Laguna, Philippines were randomly sampled and surveyed. Current agricultural practices of the farmer participants and sustainability gaps in production were determined to assess the factors that contribute to their existing knowledge. Based on the results, socio-economic variables such as age, income, poverty, years of farming, and tenancy arrangement were found to be associated with GAP-related practices. Most of the farmers were aware of the importance of reading the product label of pesticides before application, wearing protective equipment, and routine monitoring. Moreover, a training intervention that focused on the identified sustainability gaps was provided. Farmers were trained in integrated pest management, internal control system on pesticide use, and keeping records to equip them towards safe and sustainable farming. Training, monitoring, and other extension activities should be provided occasionally to the farmers for continuous adherence to these sustainable practices.
Green Campaign of The Gili Eco Trust in Forming Public Awareness about The Environment to Realize Gili Trawangan Zero Waste
Authors: Najhalidi Abd. Dirjan , Rosilawati Yeni
Published: November 2023

Gili Trawangan, a renowned tourist destination in West Nusa Tenggara Province, faces a significant waste challenge due to the high influx of visitors. Each day, approximately 20 metric tons of waste, including an astonishing 10,000 glass bottles, accumulate on the island. To instigate a shift in the behavior of the local community, business owners, and tourists, Gili Eco Trust has launched an educational campaign. Additionally, Gili Eco Trust actively engages in community-based waste management by establishing a waste bank and pursuing profitable waste reduction strategies. This includes innovative upcycling of glassware and systematic collection of recyclables, diverting them away from landfills. Gili Eco Trust has Instagram and Facebook accounts. Its social media is interactive. They reply to comments and direct messages from their followers. Online media should be interactive to allow the audience to ask questions about the program. The uploaded caption describes the glass bottle recycling process, starting from cleaning trash, melting glass bottles into glass sand, and becoming strong bricks. This campaign invites and urges local communities and stakeholders to carry out waste management and educate them to protect the environment, provide continuous information, and understand and motivate certain activities or programs through continuous and planned communication.
Extraction Quality of Porang Flour Due to Chip Flour Treatment and Ethanol Concentration
Authors: Herawati Heny , Anggraeni Dian , Kurniasari Indah , Kusnandar Feri , Suparlan  , Agustinisari Iceu , Sunarmani  , Bachtiar Muchamad , Zubaidi Thohir , Misgiyarta  , Bin Arif Abdullah , Hernani  , Suhirman Shinta
Published: November 2023

Porang tuber has a high potential for glucomannan levels. Improving the quality of porang tubers can be done by extracting dry chips from porang tubers. One alternative is to combine the process of using ethanol as a reagent to produce good quality porang flour. The purpose of the research activity is to modify dried chip porang flour using several ethanol concentrations for extraction and to characterize its products. The research methodology was carried out using two types of porang flour (brown and yellow) and ethanol concentrations (50, 70, and 90%). The data analyzed with SPSS 24 software. The research resulted the different treatments resulted in significantly different yield quality, moisture content, and ash content between treatments. The highest glucomannan content 66.94% and the highest whiteness index 82.08 was found in the extraction process using dried yellow chip with 90% ethanol concentration process technology. For further research, it is necessary to conduct a stepwise extraction to study the influence of varying ethanol concentrations in order to increase the glucomannan content.
Maize Farming System in The Rainfed Area Base on The Groundwater Management in Timor Indonesia
Authors: Leki Seran Yohanes , Hasty Kario Nelson , Beding Petrus A.
Published: November 2023

Farmer production in the rainfed area faces various challenges as long as the production process is conducted. The main challenge and crucial factor in this area for managing the agriculture sector is water limitation, as we know that rainfed in semi-arid regions significantly depends on the annual rainfall. Successful farming production is determined by the adequacy of rainfall in the rainy season of the year. The objectives of this research are (1) to know the economic aspect of management groundwater for maize farming system and (2) to evaluate the productivity of maize farming system in the rainfed area. This research will be conducted in Naiboat–Kupang during the dry season 2019. They were using demonstration farming methods and applying recommendation technology for maize farming. The result of the research is that farmers use groundwater for irrigating maize farming systems to avoid drought, and maize grows normally. The productivity of maize that apply recommendation technology can reach 8 ton/ha.
Propagation of Gembili (Dioscorea esculenta. L) Accession from West Papua by In-Vitro Callus Induction
Authors: Yuniardi Fifit , Dewi Ratna , Wahyudi Anung
Published: November 2023

Diversification of tuber foods is expected to help food security and improve public health. Gembili tuber glucomannan contains high fiber. Gembili seeds are becoming scarce, causing gembili plants to be very rarely found in the community. In the West Papua region, local people still rely on conventional supplies which are feared to threaten the gembili plant population. Tissue Culture Technology is very necessary in multiplying gembili seeds quickly and without knowing the season, by growing callus, plant propagation does not require a lot of explants to produce a large number of seeds. The research was conducted at the Politeknik Negeri Lampung Tissue Culture Laboratory, from May to July 2022. The research used a randomized block design, with each treatment repeated three times. The results showed that the composition of the media with the addition of 2.4 D 2 mL.L-1 produces an average of 8.00 days of callus growth, however, for callus growth the culture media with the addition of 2.4 D mL.L-1 produces a value best. 1.73 cm for callus diameter and a value of 0.22 g for callus weight.
The effect of coating agents on the microencapsulated quality of red ginger essential oil (zingiber officinale var. rubrum) local north Sulawesi
Authors: Winanda Elisa , Laura Liwu Suzanne , Lukas Amos , La Ola La Onu , Layuk Payung
Published: November 2023

Microencapsulation is a technology used to produce microscopic particles containing active ingredients. Essential oils can be used as active ingredients in microencapsulations for applications such as aroma control, food, and beverage industry raw materials. This study aimed to determine the effect of coating materials on the encapsulation quality of red ginger essential oil (
Zingiber Officinale Var. Rubrum) in local North Sulawesi by spray drying method. The microemulsion was carried out using CMC, pectin, and gum arabic using 100 g of coating agent dissolved in 100 ml of aquadest (1: 1) then added red ginger essential oil homogenized using a homogenizer for 2 minutes at a speed of 11500 rpm. The ratio of nutmeg essential oil to encapsulant ingredients is 1: 5. The results showed that CMC, pectin, and gum arabic were able to protect ginger essential oil, where the trapped essential oil ranged from 25.56 – 30.90%, essential oil on the surface around 1.20-1.82% with an average moisture content of 6.02 – 7.20%. The best treatment is the use of CMC with the lowest moisture content (6.02%) and essential oils on the lowest surface (1.20%) and the highest trapped essential oils at 30.90%.
Study the Effect of Shade Stress on Indonesian Soybeans to Anticipate the Need for Breeding Superior Variety
Authors: Herlina Lina , Dwiatmini Kristina , Aminah Siti , Kosasih Jajang , Suparjo
Published: November 2023

The need for superior soybeans which resistant against low light is a challenge for Indonesia that has large of soybean germplasms which potential for achieving national soybean self-sufficiency and sustainability. Unfortunately, research on this field still very lack. This study aims to investigate the responses of 28 soybean accessions to shade stress, and looking for potential candidates or basic material for the development of high-yielding varieties. The research was conducted in the Cikeumeuh-Bogor field using a randomized block factorial design with two treatments (genotype and percentage of shade), with three replications. Based on the results, all of the morph-agronomic characters significantly influenced by the treatments, except for the number of filled pods (p-value <0.001). There was interaction between genotypes and shade stress which influenced the plant height, number of branches, number of trifoliate leaves and flowering time. Based on this study, Kedelai Hijau (G-19) and Lokal Brebes (G-21) were potential to be candidate for breeding on shade-resistant varieties. G-19 had the best response to the number of branches and number of trifoliate leaves, while G-21 best on height and root length. This information becomes a novelty that contributes to breeding soybeans resistant to shade stress for food sustainability.
Rice productivity on the swampland flooded tide: The case of Terusan Karya Village
Authors: Hairani Anna , Alwi Muhammad , Noor Muhammad , Saleh Muhammad , Khairullah Izhar , Wakhid Nur
Published: November 2023

Sustainability of agricultural development in swampland is required considering its fragile nature. The objective of research is to study the impact of tides on rice productivity in the flooded tidal swampland type B of Terusan Karya Village in July-October 2021. This research was a demonstration plots on the Rei 27 with an area of 14 ha that applied water management systems, soil tillage, application of ameliorant and fertilizer, use of improved rice and integrated pest management. The result showed lower water acidity with increasing distance from the Rei estuary, pH 3.16 to pH 4.71 at 2.3 km. Electrical conductivity (EC) and total dissolved solids (TDS) increased with increasing distance, from 0.54 to 0.89 mmhos cm-1and 272 to 446 ppm. The further away from the estuary the more acidic the soil, from pH 5.49 to pH 4.63. Other soil chemical properties such as Al, Fe, Mg, K, and CEC showed an irregular pattern. Rice yield showed a range of 4.3 – 5.2 t ha-1in the estuary of Rei (0 km), increased (5.7 – 6.3 t ha-1) in the middle (1.0-1.5 km), then decreased (4.2-4.5 t ha-1) at the end (2.3-2.5 km). Soil pH and Fe concentration significantly impact to rice productivity.*
Application of taguchi method in production factors of traditional spice-based ready-to-drink based on sensory responses
Authors: Nur Alfiani Ririn , Ushada Mirwan , Ainuri Makhmudun , Affan Fajar Falah Mohammad
Published: November 2023

Traditional spice beverages commercial could not attract the interest of the young generation yet, primarily due to its original taste and need a process to be consumed. To meet the need of the consumers, it is important to develop the ready-to-drink wedang uwuh. Therefore, this study aims to optimize the production process of ready-to-drink wedang uwuh, by combining four factors and three levels based on sensory responses. To address this issue, a fractional factorial Taguchi design (33) was applied to study the sensory responses of time and temperature, as well as the composition of milk powder-sugar using the pasteurization technique. The sensory evaluation conducted involved 36 respondents who were asked to rate the color, aroma, viscosity, flavor, aftertaste, and overall of the ready-to-drink wedang uwuh on a 9-point Likert scale. The results indicated that the optimal combination of the ready-to-drink wedang uwuh was with milk powder at 2 gram and sugar at 20 gram, with the process parameter set at 85oC for 20 minutes of pasteurization. This produced the highest sensory liking score of viscosity, flavor, aftertaste, and overall, at 6.56, 7.25, 6.42, and 7.17, respectively. The development enhances the production of modern-authentic beverages with greater liking by the young consumer.
Chitosan-based Multi-layer Coating to Maintain the Soybean Seed Quality During Storage
Authors: Winarti Christina , Sulistyaningrum Anna , Rahayu Eka , Hadipernata Mulyana
Published: November 2023

Soybean seeds deteriorate quickly in storage due to their morphological characteristics and chemical composition. One technique needed to extend the shelf life of seeds is coating. The research aims to determine the effect of chitosan-based multi-layer coating formula by adding Zn nanoparticles to soybean seeds during storage. The treatments were control, chitosan nano, and non-nano coating, with and without wax-coated seed samples packed in plastic and stored at room temperature for five months. The three times replicates were applied; the observation was conducted every month. The parameter observed were moisture content, malondialdehyde, Electrical Conductivity (EC), vigor, and germination rate. The results showed that the chitosan-based multi-layer coating treatment gave good seed quality results during storage. The water content could be maintained low, while the MDA levels and Electrical Conductivity were lower than the control. Observation on vigor and germination of coated seed after the fourth month of storage indicated that the vigor and germination rate was slightly decreasing. Still, after the fifth month, the vigor starts to increase again. Implementing nano seed coating enriched with ZnONP and zeolite might help the seed grow healthy while planted in the field.
Effectiveness of Liquid Organic Fertilizer On N-Total of Soil, N, P, K Uptake, and Yields of Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) In Inceptisols Jatinangor
Authors: Sudirja Rija , Citraresmini Ania , Sara Dirga Sapta , Solihin Eso , Mustikasari Astri
Published: November 2023

Inceptisols are often used for intensive cultivation and have low levels of essential nutrients. Improvement of this fertility rate can be achieved by the application of organic based fertilizers that can increase soil fertility. Peanut has long been cultivated in Indonesia and is generally grown on dry land. This research was conducted from February to June 2023, at the experimental garden, Padjadjaran University. This research aims to determine the effect of liquid organic fertilizer combined with standard NPK fertilizer on soil N total, plant nutrient uptake, and peanut yields in Inceptisol Jatinangor. This study used a randomized block design experimental method with nine treatments and three replications, and the amount is 27 experimental units. The result shows that the combination of liquid organic fertilizer with NPK fertilizer can enhance yields of peanuts. The combination of 10 liters of liquid organic fertilizer per hectare andb ¾ dose of Urea, TSP and KCl can increase the total-N content of the soil, the absorption of N, P, and K, as well as the weight of dried pods. Therefore, the use of liquid organic fertilizer in peanut cultivation can be reduced by up to 25% and can increase the yield of peanut pods.
Changes of Soil Nutrient Content as Influenced by Water Hyacinth Compost and Inorganic Fertilizers on Shallot
Authors: Trinurani Sofyan Emma , Remona Rizkyani , Mulyani Oviyanti
Published: November 2023

One of the problems with Inceptisols is their low level of soil fertility. The addition of one or more available nutrients can help the soil become more fertile and enhance quality of plants. The goal of this experiment was to find out the optimum ratio of water hyacinth compost, N, P, K, and S fertilizers in relation to variations in the soil’s nutrient content, quality and yield of shallot Batu Ijo Variety. This research was conducted from February to August 2020, at the Laboratory of Soil Chemistry and Plant Nutrition Field Experiments, Universitas Padjadjaran. The research design used in this study was a randomized block design (RBD) with seven treatments, which were: one control treatment, two recommended dosage treatments of N, P, K, S fertilizers, and four combination treatments of water hyacinth compost and N, P, K, and S fertilizers. The findings demonstrated that the treatment of 1 dose recommendation of compost plus ¾ dose recommendation of N, P, K, and S was able to increase soil nutrient content and quantity (number of shallot bulbs). The use of this experiment is as information to optimize the use of water hyacinth compost in efforts to increase the productivity of soil and shallot plants.
Quality assessment of grapes and wines of the Alminskiy terroir (Crimean Western-Coastal Piedmont viticultural and winemaking region)
Authors: Cherviak Sofia , Anikina Nadezhda , Rybalko Evgeniy , Ermikhina Marianna
Published: November 2023

Climatic conditions significantly impact the technology of grape cultivation, starting with selecting of varieties, choosing a place to establish a vineyard, and finishing with determining the harvesting time. The study of the effect of abiotic environmental factors on the quality characteristics of grapes and their products of processing is a hot topic. Assessment of the Crimean western-coastal piedmont viticulture and winemaking region was carried out in accordance with the climatic factors. Their impact on the carbohydrate-acid complex of grape varieties ‘Aligote’, ‘Rkatsiteli’, ‘Cabernet-Sauvignon’ and ‘Merlot’, as well as wines from these varieties, was studied. The sum of active temperatures in the region varied in the range of 3100°C - 3650°C. The hydrothermal coefficient was 0.35-0.76, which characterized the region as arid. Grapes cultivated in this region reach technical ripeness, mass concentration of sugars ranges from 186 to 260 g/L. An inverse correlation between the mass concentration of titratable acids in grapes and precipitation amount during the growing season (r= -0.63) was established. The wines prepared were characterized by distinctive varietal characteristics.
Effect of NPK, and Si Fertilizers on Exchangeable Potassium, K Uptake and Growth of Black Rice (Oryza sativa L. indica) on Ultisols
Authors: Yuniarti Anni , Solihin Eso , Syifa Alzena Wibowo Alifia , Bawana Saedi
Published: November 2023

Ultisols are one of the soil orders that dominate dry land in Indonesia, and they have a lot of fertility issues. NPK and Si fertilization is used to enhance soil conditions and deliver nutrients to plants. Jeliteng cultivar black rice is a type of rice that can be cultivated on dry land. This research was conducted from October 2021 to January 2022 at the Experimental Land for Soil Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, West Java with an altitude of 750 meters above sea level. The experimental design was carried out using a Randomized Block Design with nine treatments and three replications. The results showed that the combination of 1 NPK + 1 Silica fertilizer was the best treatment in increasing the exchangeable potassium of the soil, which was 0.70 cmol.kg-1 and K uptake was 1.91 mg/tanaman. There is no one best treatment dose for plant growth, but the addition of NPK, and Si fertilizers, can increase plant growth, specifically plant height and number of tillers.
The effect of Trichoderma-enriched biofertilizer application on total nitrogen, organic carbon, and peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) yield in Inceptisols
Authors: Trinurani Sofyan Emma , Salsabilla Annisya , Sudirja Rija
Published: November 2023

The addition of N, P, and K nutrients through the application of fertilizer that is not in accordance with recommendation dosage still happening nowadays. One of the efforts to minimize this problem is the use of biofertilizer. This research aimed to study the effect of Trichoderma-enriched biofertilizer (T-EB) application on total nitrogen, organic carbon, and peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) yield in Inceptisols. The research was conducted at The Laboratory of Soil Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor from May to October 2022. The design used was randomized block design (RBD) with nine treatments and three replications: (A)Control, (B)NPK Standard, (C) ½(T-EB)+1NPK, (D) ¾ (T-EB) + 1NPK, (E) 1(T-EB) + 1NPK, (F)1½(T-EB) + 1NPK, (G)1(T-EB) + ¾NPK, (H)1(T-EB) + ½NPK, (I)1(T-EB) + ¼ NPK. The results showed that the use of Trichoderma-enriched biofertilizer had a significant effect on soil total nitrogen, soil organic carbon, and peanut yield components compared to the control (without fertilizer) and NPK standard. A single dose of (T-EB) (2 kg/ha) effectively increased peanut yield when mixed with the NPK dose of standard fertilizer at ¾ (37.5 kg/ha). The use of (T-EB) at that dose can also reduce NPK usage in Inceptisols.
Size Reduction Consequences on Anti-Nutritional and Chemical Properties of Tempe Made from Underutilized Legumes
Authors: Permadi Selma Noor , Ivanti Lina , Indrasari Siti Dewi , Ambarsari Indrie
Published: November 2023

Tempe is generally made from soybeans, but many underutilized legume species can potentially be tempe substrates, including jack bean and velvet bean from the Fabaceae family. This study evaluates the anti-nutritional and chemical properties of tempe made from underutilized legumes. Jack bean and velvet bean were used as tempe substrates. The whole-grain legume tempe was compared with the sliced-grain legume tempe to examine grain size reduction’s impact on tempe properties. A completely randomized design was implemented in this study. This study exhibited that velvet bean tempe had higher levels of antinutrient compounds, protein, and carbohydrate content than jack bean tempe. It was also shown that grain legumes’ size reduction significantly reduced the anti-nutritional features and carbohydrate content of tempe as a final product. Meanwhile, the protein and lipid content of tempe increased dramatically due to the size reduction of grain legumes. Thus, grain size reduction is recommended for a higher quality of underutilized legume tempe.
A paper stick test kit for rapid detection of total microbial contaminants in fresh milk
Authors: Misgiyarta  , Budiyanto Agus
Published: November 2023

The way to determine the total microbial contaminants in fresh milk is by the Total Plate Count (TPC) method. The TPC method requires 48 hours, high analytical skills, and high analytical costs. The aim of this research was to design a rapid detection tool for microbial contaminants in fresh milk called Paper Stick Test Kit (PSTK), which is fast, cheap, and easy. The stages of research designing PSTK are: (a) making PSTK, (b) testing the optimal time for using PSTK, and (c) making standard color maps. The results of this research are: (a) the best PSTK is made from cardboard with color indicators made from a mixture of bromothymol blue 0.3 g/250 ml solvent and NaOH 0.01 N; drying PSTK is best done in an oven with a temperature of 100oC, for 20 minutes; (b) the optimal time of application of PSTK in fresh milk is 20 seconds; and c) standard color maps are based on the correlation between microbial contaminant levels in fresh milk and color levels in PSTK dipped in microbial contaminated fresh milk.
Comparison of bracket pot, tunnel, and vine rope planting system on pure line selection of oriental melon makuwauri
Authors: Wahyudi Anung , Putri Ria , Sari Sri Maila , Zaini Akbar Hidayatullah
Published: November 2023

This study aimed to obtain the right planting system in a greenhouse-scale oriental makuwauri melon plant breeding program and knowing the interaction between the line and the oriental melon growing system at the greenhouse scale. The research design used a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with two factors, namely melon lines (ougan makuwauri and ginsen makuwauri), and planting systems (tunnel, bracket pot, and vines rope), repeated four times. Observational data were analyzed using analysis of variance and least significant different (LSD) test at 5% levels. The results showed that the best planting system is the bracket pot. This planting system has a unique and attractive appearance as well as more optimal growth compared to tunnel systems and vines rope. Based on the qualitative variable data tested, namely vine length (122.25 cm), stem diameter (0.79 cm), and petiole length (11.86 cm), the bracket pot planting system was significantly different from the tunnel and vines rope planting system. There was an interaction between the lines and the planting system on the observed variables, namely vine length, number of leaves, leaf width, leaf length, petiole length, and stem diameter. This research indicates that bracket pot planting system is recommended for oriental melon plant breeding program.
The Effect of Sodium Silicate to NaOH Ratio on Strength Development of Fly Ash Geopolymer Mortar in Marine Environment
Authors: Wardhono Arie , Risdianto Yogie , Sabariman Bambang , Hidajati Ninik Wahju , Andajani Nur
Published: November 2023

This paper presents the effect of sodium silicate to NaOH ratio on the strength performance of fly ash geopolymer mortar subjected to continuous immersion in a simulated marine environment during 1-year observation. The geopolymer mortar specimens were prepared using class C fly ash activated with sodium silicate and NaOH 15 Molar combination. The sodium silicate to NaOH ratio varied from 1.4 to 2.7 to keep the water-to-solid ratio and Na2O content at 0.37 and 10, respectively. The strength properties were measured based on compressive strength test, weight, and porosity changes. The compressive strength was investigated at 90, 180, and 360 days after immersion. The results showed that the sodium silicate to NaOH ratio significantly affected the long-term performance of geopolymers in simulated marine environments. A ratio between 1.6 to 2.3 provides better durability by reducing the deterioration rate, i.e., strength, weight, and porosity, of geopolymer specimens in simulated marine environments. However, increasing the ratio by more than 2.30 tends to decrease the performance of the geopolymer. It can be concluded that geopolymer can be used as an alternative construction material in marine environments in a specific sodium silicate to NaOH ratio.