bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Risk of Acute Pancreatitis After Initiation of Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Inhibitors: Testing a Hypothesis of Subgroup Differences in Older U.S. Adults
Authors: Hong Jin-Liern , Buse John B. , Jonsson Funk Michele , Pate Virginia , Stürmer Til
Published: April 2018

OBJECTIVE

To examine whether dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors (DPP-4I) increase acute pancreatitis risk in older patients and whether the association varies by age, sex, and history of cardiovascular disease (CVD).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

We conducted a cohort study of DPP-4I initiators versus thiazolidinedione (TZD) or sulfonylurea initiators using U.S. Medicare beneficiaries, 2007–2014. Eligible initiators were aged 66 years or older without history of pancreatic disease or alcohol-related diseases. Patients were followed up for hospitalization due to acute pancreatitis and censored at 90 days after treatment changes. Weighted Cox models were used to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) for acute pancreatitis. Analyses were performed overall as well as within subgroups defined by age, sex, and CVD history.

RESULTS

We found no increased risk of acute pancreatitis comparing 49,374 DPP-4I initiators to 132,223 sulfonylurea initiators (weighted HR 1.01; 95% CI 0.83–1.24) and comparing 57,301 DPP-4I initiators to 32,612 TZD initiators (weighted HR 1.11; 95% CI 0.76–1.62). Age and sex did not modify the association. Among patients with CVD, acute pancreatitis incidence was elevated in initiators of DPP-4I and sulfonylurea (2.3 and 2.4 per 1,000 person-years, respectively) but not in TZD initiators (1.5). Among patients with CVD, higher risk of acute pancreatitis was observed with DPP-4I compared with TZD (weighted HR 1.84; 95% CI 1.02–3.35) but not compared with sulfonylurea.

CONCLUSIONS

Our study provides evidence that DPP-4I is not associated with an increased risk of acute pancreatitis in older adults overall. The positive association observed in patients with CVD could be due to chance or bias but merits further investigation.
Relationship Between Diabetes Knowledge, Glycemic Control, and Associated Health Conditions
Authors: Phillips Emily , Rahman Rabia , Mattfeldt-Beman Mildred
Published: April 2018

Objective.

The purpose of this study was to identify any existing relationship between diabetes knowledge and glycemic control, as well as possible associations with patient health, among patients with type 2 diabetes.

Design and Methods.

This qualitative study used a validated multiple-choice test (the Michigan Diabetes Knowledge Test) to assess diabetes knowledge among 17 hospital patients between the ages of 18 and 75 years with type 2 diabetes and a recent (within 3 months) A1C laboratory value. Participants also provided information about their diabetes self-care habits, previous diabetes education, and diabetes-related secondary health conditions.

Results.

The average diabetes knowledge score was 8.4 of 14 (60%), and the average A1C was 9.3%. Thirteen participants had previously received diabetes education, whereas four participants had never received diabetes education. The participants who had not received education scored 15.3% lower on the diabetes knowledge test and had an average A1C 0.89% higher than those who had received previous education. Although this difference was not statistically significant, it is clinically relevant. There was a significant association between diabetes knowledge and presence of retinopathy (P = 0.03).

Conclusion.

Diabetes self-management education and support is a crucial component of diabetes care. There is a considerable need for diabetes education strategies to improve self-management of diabetes and thereby improve outcomes and decrease the costs of diabetes-related care. There is also a need for efforts to ensure regular vision screenings for individuals with type 2 diabetes.
POLÍTICAS DE AVALIAÇÃO E REGULAÇÃO DA QUALIDADE: REPERCUSSÕES NA EDUCAÇÃO BÁSICA
Authors: Schneider Marilda Pasqual , Nardi Elton Luiz , Durli Zenilde
Published: April 2018

O texto propõe uma discussão sobre políticas de avaliação e regulação da qualidade educacional. Considerando o campo do instituído, tem por objetivo analisar elementos e processos do perfil assumido hodiernamente pelas avaliações externas no ensino fundamental e na educação infantil. Com base em exame documental e tendo por referência resultados de investigações sobre indicadores de qualidade e políticas de avaliação, responsabilização e prestação de contas (accountability) na educação escolar, realça tensões e contradições dos modelos de avaliação implementados ou em vias de implementação nessas duas etapas da escolarização. Sem perder de vista o campo do instituinte, aponta discrepâncias nas condições de melhoria das aprendizagens em vista dos modelos de regulação da qualidade em curso na educação básica.
A TEORIA ETNOCONSTITUTIVA DE CURRÍCULO E A PESQUISA CURRICULAR: CONFIGURAÇÕES EPISTEMOLÓGICAS, METODOLÓGICAS E HEURÍSTICO-FORMATIVAS
Authors: Macedo Roberto Sidnei
Published: April 2018

O presente artigo apresenta as principais elaborações conceituais da Teoria Etnoconstitutiva de Currículo, vinculando-as às especificidades da pesquisa em currículo. Concebida como uma teoria-ação curricular/formacional, a singularidade desta sistematização teórica está na forma pela qual seus conceitos foram criados e fundamentam a pesquisa curricular. Os conceitos em pauta emergem de estudos, pesquisas e intervenções intercríticas em currículo e formação desenvolvidas e implementadas pelos pesquisadores do Grupo de Pesquisa FORMACCE FACED-UFBA  em cenários curriculares e formativos conceitualmente generativos. É nesses cenários que se entretecem etnométodos instituintes de saberesfazeres curriculares, a partir de contextos nos quais a afirmação da diferença torna-se heuristicamente fulcral. É nessa perspectiva que se desenvolve a etnopesquisa curricular, suas inspirações teóricas, opções epistemológicas, metodológicas e político-formativas.
The effects of contextual meaning aspects on reading comprehension
Authors: Mirza Akhmad Ali
Published: April 2018

The study is aimed at investigating the effects of contextual meaning aspects on reading comprehension, and finding out whether or not there is effect of reading proficiency, consists of low and high, on reading comprehension and effect of contextual meaning aspects together with reading proficiency on reading comprehension. It was used experimental design in this study. The data were processed and analyzed according to these steps: giving the treatment, checking and scoring, tabulating, analyzing the data by using statistic technique of ANOVA, and making the conclusion based on the analysis. The number of the sample was 34 students of the students of English education study program of Palangka Raya University. The findings show that example clues considered as the easiest and appositive clues as the most difficult of three context clues in this study. Based on the result, it can be concluded that there is significant effect for contextual meaning aspects and reading proficiency on reading comprehension; however, there is no significant effect of contextual meaning aspects together with reading proficiency on reading comprehension.
The Methods of Defining Terms Found in Theses of the EFL Students
Authors: Nirwanto Rahmadi
Published: April 2018

The study is intended to describe the methods of defining terms found in the theses of the English Foreign Language (EFL) students of IAIN Palangka Raya. The method to be used is a mixed method, qualitative and quantitative. Quantitative approach was used to identify, describe the frequencies, and classify the methods of defining terms. In interpreting and explaining the types of method to be used, the writer used qualitative approach. In qualitative approach, data were described in the form of words and explanation. The findings show that there were two methods of defining terms, dictionary approach and athoritative reference.
An analysis of English national final examination for junior high school in terms of validity and reliability
Authors: Sugianto Aris
Published: April 2018

The purpose of this study is to analyze the English National Final Examination for Junior High School. Validity and reliability are the two kinds of characteristics of a good test which are concerned. Since the five packages of the test are the same in content and only different on the placement of the items, so it is considered to take only one package becomes sample. This study was analyzed by using the descriptive method. Content validity was analyzed by comparing the materials in the syllabus to the items of the test, and construct validity was analyzed by comparing the indicators in the syllabus to the items of the test. While the reliability was analyzed by using Kuder-Richardson Formula (KR20). The result of the study shows that the English National Final Examination for Junior High School was valid and reliable. The content validity shows 100% valid, and the construct validity shows 100% valid. While the reliability shows coefficient 0.89, and it is reliable. So, the English National Final Examination for Junior High School has fulfilled the characteristics of a good test.
Students’ perception of English as a medium of instruction (EMI) in English classroom
Authors: Rahmadani Denni
Published: April 2018

This study aims to uncover what extent of the students’ expectation of English as a medium of instruction (EMI) used by the English teacher in teaching English at senior high schools in Palangka Raya, Indonesia. A survey research method was applied. The survey was conducted at the four schools: MAN Model, MA Muslimat NU, SMAN 4, and SMKN 2 in Palangka Raya. To collect the data, the study employs the questionnaire with 10 items given to 134 students of the second grade taken from one class of each of the schools. It was used the cluster random sampling technique to take the samples. The items were designed for evaluating the factual, behavioral, and attitudinal condition of EMI in the English classroom. As a result of the study, it is shown that most of the students agree of EMI dominantly applied by the English teacher in the teaching of English subject. By implementing EMI in this classroom, it can increase students’ English ability with appropriate English standard, motivate them to learn English, improve their confidence to speak English, help them to comprehend English textbook or article, and assist them to understand the international culture.
Foreignization and domestication strategies in cultural term translation of tourism brochures
Authors: Fuadi Choirul
Published: April 2018

In translating brochure, a translator has to make a decision on the basis of the message and purpose. The translator is faced by two strategies of translation – foreignization and domestication. The purpose of the study is to examine how the interrelationship between cultural term translation and foreignization or domestication strategy in the cultural term translation of tourism brochure from Indonesian into English. This study used qualitative descriptive with discourse analysis strategy. The note-taking technique is used to identify and classify the data. The objects of the study are tourism brochures from Province of Special Region of Yogyakarta and Central Java in 2015. The findings show that the translation strategies used depend on the translation process. When the cultural terms are familiar, translator tends to use domestication strategy and consider the target text. Translator chooses domestication strategy because try to make tourist understand the text and produce communicative and natural translation. On the other hand, when cultural terms are foreign, translator using foreignization strategy and consider source text. Using foreignization strategy, translator tends to introduce traditional cultural term.
Adaptation of Symmetric Positive Semi-Definite Matrices for the Analysis of Textured Images
Authors: Akl Adib
Published: April 2018

This paper addresses the analysis of textured images using the symmetric positive semi-definite matrix. In particular, a field of symmetric positive semi-definite matrices is used to estimate the structural information represented by the local orientation and the degree of anisotropy in structured and sinusoid-like textured images. In order to ensure faithful local structure estimation, an adaptive algorithm for the regularization of the extent of gradient fields smoothing is proposed. Results obtained on different texture samples show the strength of the proposed method in accurately representing the local variation of orientations in the underlying textured images, which paves the way towards an accurate analysis of the texture structures.
Linking Datasets Using Semantic Textual Similarity
Authors: McCrae John P. , Buitelaar Paul
Published: April 2018

Linked data has been widely recognized as an important paradigm for representing data and one of the most important aspects of supporting its use is discovery of links between datasets. For many datasets, there is a significant amount of textual information in the form of labels, descriptions and documentation about the elements of the dataset and the fundament of a precise linking is in the application of semantic textual similarity to link these datasets. However, most linking tools so far rely on only simple string similarity metrics such as Jaccard scores. We present an evaluation of some metrics that have performed well in recent semantic textual similarity evaluations and apply these to linking existing datasets.
The Environmental Responsibility of the World’s Largest Banks
Authors: Ryszawska Bożena , Zabawa Justyna
Published: April 2018

Sustainability transition is changing the role and function of banks, specially their products and services also in relation to stakeholders. Banks are one of the main actors supporting the transition to sustainable economy. The purpose of this study is to emphasise the role of world’s largest banks in that process. Banks are slowly responding to the new demand of sustainability and responsibility, and they try to align with it. The paper is based on an overview of the world’s five largest banks that employ corporate social responsibility (CSR) reporting standards, together with detailed enumeration of pro-environmental activities included in the reports. The first section of this paper presents the most popular approaches to the problem at hand, as reported in professional literature. Section two presents the characteristics of the CSR actions in banks. The third section discusses the environmental actions of the biggest banks in Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) reporting the most popular standard for reporting non-financial information. And the last part of the paper presents the conclusions resulting from the article. The research was conducted using a variety of sources, such as scientific articles, statistical data, CSR reports of the world’s largest banks, as well reporting principles and standard disclosures. The basic method used in the process of writing was a critical analysis of literature and reports concerning the CSR reporting standards, environmental responsibilities of different kinds of entities, as well as own observations based on special reports of banks. In the article, also the analysis of financial market data, induction method and comparison method have been used. The main conclusions of the analysis of the CSR reports disclosed by the world’s largest banks confirm all three of the theses presented in the article. The findings suggest that the banks under study can be regarded as environmentally responsible entities. Their reports and disclosures are produced according to the internationally recognized standards. There are also critical opinions about the standards for reporting environmental information, but the weaknesses of reporting these aspects do not undermine the benefits of using the GRI guidelines.
The Use of Multi-Criteria Analysis for Identifying Areas Sensitive to Land Degradation and water Retention
Authors: Bednář Marek , Šarapatka Bořivoj
Published: April 2018

The article presents a method of selecting critical areas (4th river basin) in terms of landscape degradation, with an emphasis on water retention, from a relatively larger unit (3rd river basin). For this purpose, indicators that point directly or indirectly to soil and landscape degradation or water retention were selected with regard to the scale of processing. The indicators were processed in a multi-criteria context using principal component analysis, which, based on the spatial layout pattern of the indicators, assigns weights of importance. These weights were then subsequently used to calculate the aggregation index, which indirectly indicates the sensitivity of the area to degradation and, in particular, water retention. Two catchment areas of the 3rd order – Čížina and Kyjovka – with different soil, climatic and economic conditions were selected for the study. Among the indicators of water retention in the landscape, our analysis included the share of agricultural land in the total area, the share of arable land, the average size of the field block, soil degradation according to the degradation model, runoff curve number, potential water erosion and surface drainage. The resulting procedure can be used to evaluate smaller areas. For a more detailed solution, a number of other methods and indicators could be used, which are also outlined in the article.
Health Care Spending Structures in Poland, Latvia, Lithuania and Estonia Over the Years as Compared to Other EU Countries
Authors: Walczak Renata , Piekut Marlena , Kludacz-Alessandri Magdalena , Sloka Biruta , Šimanskiene Ligita , Paas Tiiu
Published: April 2018

After joining the European Union in 2004, the post-communist countries have dramatically changed their structure of expenditure for medical services. The cause of this is legislative and ownership changes in the new economy. The study analyzed the expenditure on medical services in the European Union with a special focus on Poland, Latvia, Lithuania and Estonia. The European Union countries were divided into clusters using different methods, that is, Ward’s, Two Step and Centroid Clustering. In the paper, the structure and changes in health expenses were presented according to the types of expenditures over the years 2004-2015. Countries were assigned to clusters based on three variables: medical products, appliances and equipment, outpatient services and hospital services. Variables were considered as a percentage of household budget. In Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia, there is a clear increase in the outpatient services spending compared to the hospital services expenditure.
Histopathological, immunohistochemical, and parasitological studies on pathogenesis of Coenurus cerebralis in sheep
Authors: Rahsan Yilmaz , Nihat Yumusak , Bestami Yilmaz , Adnan Ayan , Nuran Aysul
Published: April 2018

Introduction

This study consisted in histopathological and immunohistochemical examinations of the central nervous system of 15 sheep suspected of infection with Coenurus cerebralis. The sheep displayed compulsive circling and were submitted for necropsy in 2012–2016.

Material and Methods

Species identification was made on the basis of the PCR analysis and parasitological examination of the cysts.

Results

Coenurus cerebralis cysts were detected only in the cerebral tissue of 13 sheep and in the cerebral and cerebellar tissues of 2 animals. Out of the 33 parasite cysts, most (21.21%) were located in the right and left frontal lobes of the cerebrum. The largest cyst measured 6 × 5 cm and the smallest cyst was 2 × 2 cm in size. The highest and lowest numbers of scolices were 55 and 21, and the number of rostellar hooks ranged between 22 and 30. Histopathological examination revealed the presence of typical parasitic granulomatous inflammatory foci. Immunohistochemical staining showed that most common in the periphery of the parasite cysts were, in descending order by cell number, GFAP, CD163, CD3, and CD79α-positive cells.

Conclusion

The study confirms the role of cellular defence mechanisms in the pathogenesis of Coenurus cerebralis infection in sheep.
Effects of polymyxin B on clinical signs, serum TNF-α, haptoglobin and plasma lactate concentrations in experimental endotoxaemia in sheep
Authors: Hajimohammadi Ali , Badiei Khalil , Kheibari Parviz , Pourjafar Meherdad , Chalmeh Aliasghar
Published: April 2018

Introduction

The experiment evaluated the effects of intravenous administration of polymyxin B on experimental endotoxaemia in sheep.

Material and Methods

Twenty clinically healthy fat-tailed sheep were randomly divided into: a group treated with 6,000 U/kg of polymyxin B, a group at 12,000 U/kg, and positive and negative controls. Endotoxaemia was induced by intravenous administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from E. coli serotype O55:B5 at 0.5 μg/kg. polymyxin was infused intravenously along with 2.5 L of isotonic intravenous fluids at 20 mL/kg/h. The positive control group received LPS and 2.5 L of isotonic fluids, the negatives receiving just 2.5 L of isotonic fluids. Clinical signs were evaluated before and at 1.5, 3, 4.5, 6, 24, and 48 h after LPS administration. Blood was also sampled at the denoted hours and serum haptoglobin, tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and plasma lactate concentrations were assayed.

Results

The serum concentration of TNF-α in the positive control group increased significantly up to 48 h after LPS administration. The concentration of TNF-α was significantly different from those of the polymyxin B and positive control groups from 3 to 48 h; also, the concentrations of haptoglobin at different times in the polymyxin groups were lower than those of the positive control group and were significant at hours 3 to 48 (P < 0.05). Following the LPS administration, haptoglobin and TNF-α concentrations changed without significant difference between the two polymyxin B groups.

Conclusion

Polymyxin B (6,000 U/kg) restrained blood lactate concentrations. Furthermore, it significantly improved the clinical signs in endotoxaemic animals, including rectal temperature and heart and respiratory rates. Polymyxin B may be an antiendotoxic in fat-tailed sheep.
Effects of natural antioxidants on the stability of omega-3 fatty acids in dog food
Authors: Glodde Florentina , Günal Mevlüt , Kinsel Mary E. , AbuGhazaleh Amer
Published: April 2018

Introduction

The efficiency of five natural antioxidants (curcumin, cranberry, pomegranate, grape seed extract (GSE), and açai berry) in reducing lipid oxidation in dog food was compared to that of the synthetic antioxidant butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA).

Material and Methods

In two different experiments content parameters were measured after 12 days of storage at 55°C. In experiment one, the natural antioxidants were added at 0.2% and BHA at 0.02% of the food (DM basis), and samples were analysed for thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS). In experiment two, the effects of GSE and curcumin at two admixture proportions (0.1% and 0.2% of food DM) on omega-3 fatty acid (FA) content were evaluated.

Results

TBARS values were lower than the control (P < 0.01) for curcumin, cranberry, pomegranate, and GSE but not for the açai berry (P > 0.05). By day 12, although there were no significant differences (P > 0.05) between the two curcumin treatments, they preserved higher concentrations of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) (P < 0.05) than the BHA and control treatments. The addition of GSE or BHA to dog food held (P < 0.05) the concentrations of EPA higher than the control. The concentrations of EPA and DHA for the 0.2% GSE treatment were greater (P < 0.05) than the 0.1% GSE treatment. Grape seed extract at 0.2% lost less (P < 0.05) EPA concentration than BHA.

Conclusion

The present results showed that, except for açai berry, the tested natural antioxidants could be used as a substitute for BHA in dog food.
Authors: Budastra Kadek Odika Meiva , Wirasedana I Wayan Pradnyantha
Published: April 2018

LPD aims to assist villagers in the fertilization of capital to be developed in order to improve people's economic business. The efficiency of an LPD can be assessed from the profitability. This study aims to determine the effect of cash turnover rate, loan to deposit ratio, and the effectiveness of regulatory bodies on economic rentability at LPD in Depasar period 2014-2016. This study uses purposive sampling method. The data analysis technique used in this research is multiple linear regression with first classical assumption test ie normality test, autocorrelation test, multicolinieratias test, and heteroscedasticity test. The result of the conclusion of this research is that the variable of cash rotation has an insignificant effect on economic profitability, the variable of loan to deposit ratio has significant positive effect on economic profitability, and the effectiveness of regulator has a significant positive effect on economic rentability of LPD in Denpasar period 2014 -2016.
Authors: Srimaheni Ni Wayan Oka , Widanaputra A.A. G.P.
Published: April 2018

This study aim to examine and to get empirical evidence, the influence of paticipative budgeting on budgetary slack with career uncertainty as the moderating variable. This research was conducted at the OPD of Klungkung regency in the form of “dinas” and “badan”, with 61 respondents including heads of “dinas/badan”, heads of finance and heads of planning in each OPD. The analysis technique used Moderation Regression Analysis (MRA). The result indicate that the variable of career uncertainty is not able to moderate the influence of budgetary participation on budget slack. This may happen because when an employee creates a budget slack, she/he does not think about whether or not to participate in the realization of the budget.

Keywords : career uncertainty, paticipative budgeting, budgetary slack.
Edremit Körfezi (Kuzey Ege Denizi, Türkiye)’nden avlanan Trachurus trachurus (L., 1758)’un bazı üreme özellikleri
Authors: ULUNEHİR AYDIN Gülçin , ERDOĞAN Zeliha
Published: April 2018

Bu çalışmada, Kuzey Ege Denizi, Edremit Körfezi’nden Ekim 2008-Ekim
2009 tarihleri arasında, Trachurus
trachurus (Linneaus, 1758) cinsiyet oranı, gonadosomatik indeksi,
yumurtlama mevsimi, ilk eşeysel olgunluk boyu ve fekonditesi incelenmiştir.
Toplam 829 adet T. trachurus
bireyi aylık olarak örneklenmiştir. T.
trachurus’un 1-4 yaş grupları arasındaki bireylerin %55.73’ünü dişiler,
%44.23’ünü erkek bireyler oluşturmuştur. 
Trachurus trachurus (L., 1758)’un üreme döneminin Nisan- Ağustos ayları
arasında olduğu belirlenmiştir. İlk üreme boyu dişi bireyler için 13 cm olarak
saptanmıştır. Türün mutlak yumurta verimliliği-toplam boy, mutlak yumurta
verimliliği-toplam ağırlık sırasıyla F = 1.672xTL3.311, F =
491.91TW+1306.6 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Bu çalışma Trachurus trachurus’un
Türkiye sularında bazı üreme özelliklerine ilişkin ilk verileri
içermektedir.
KOORDINASI KELEMBAGAAN DALAM MENINGKATKAN EFEKTIVITAS BADAN PENANGGULANGAN BENCANA DAERAH
Authors: Ariyanto Deasy
Published: April 2018

Tujuan  penelitian yang ingin diperoleh yaitu untuk mengetahui koordinasi kelembagaan dalam meningkatkan efektivitas Badan Penanggulangan Bencana Daerah (BPBD); Faktor-faktor yang dapat meningkatkan efektivitas BPBD; dan hambatan-hambatan dan upaya untuk mengatasi hambatan dalam koordinasi kelembagaan guna meningkatkan BPBD. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode pendekatan kualitatif. Sumber data terdiri dari data primer dan data sekunder. Alat pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara dan studi dokumentasi. Teknis analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik triangulasi sebagai teknik untuk mengecek keabsahan data. Koordinasi kelembagaan dalam penanggulangan bencana yang dilakukan oleh BPBD dengan dinas/instansi lainnya (Dinas Kesehatan, Dinas Sosial dan Dinas Pekerjaan Umum Penataan Ruang dan  Pertanahan), sudah dilaksanakan dengan cukup baik. Begitu pula hasil observasi menunjukkan bahwa sebagian indikator dari koordinasi telah dilaksanakan dengan baik, namun sebagian lagi masih kurang bahkan ada yang belum dilaksanakan seperti pembinaan, konsultasi dan pengarahan melalui pertemuan resmi dan rutin. Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi koordinasi dalam meningkatkan efektivitas BPBD adalah: perbedaan cara, sikap kerja, tupoksi, komitmen, prosedur, pembiayaan, persediaan prasarana dan sarana penunjang, serta kemampuan/skill. Hambatan yang ditemui dalam koordinasi untuk meningkatkan efektivitas BPBD adalah kurangnya komunikasi dan intensitas pertemuan, masih adanya sikap egosektoral dan kemampuan pelaksana dalam manajemen penanggulangan bencana.
APRESENTAÇÃO V. 7, N. 2, JUL./DEZ., 2017
Authors: UNICAP REVTEO
Published: April 2018

APRESENTAÇÃO V. 7, N. 2, JUL./DEZ., 2017
ENSINO CONFESSIONAL: UM MODELO NO CENÁRIO BRASILEIRO
Authors: Junqueira Sergio Rogério Azevedo , Kluck Claudia Regina
Published: April 2018

Este artigo é o resultado da pesquisa do Programa Concepções e Recursos do Ensino Religioso no projeto Concepções e produção científica do Ensino Religioso do Grupo de Pesquisa Educação e Religião e tem o objetivo de analisar o contínuo processo de construção da identidade do Ensino Religioso, como componente curricular no cenário da educação brasileira. Esta é uma pesquisa qualitativa, descritiva e documental a partir de legislações e documentos da História da Educação, buscou-se reorganizar o percurso estabelecido para identificar o primeiro modelo de Ensino Religioso utilizado no Estado Brasileiro no período de 1827 a 2010. A partir desse percurso histórico, é possível estabelecer o conceito e estrutura do modelo que é identificado como aquela parte de uma mesma confissão religiosa, e que transmite o que é próprio desta tradição religiosa (visão de mundo, formulações de fé, ética, costumes, práticas rituais, etc.).
A CIDADANIA DE ZÉ FRANCISCO E A HISTÓRIA ‘FEITA DE BAIXO’: OS MOVIMENTOS SOCIAIS DE LUTA PELA TERRA. PARTE I: DA DITADURA MILITAR A REDEMOCRATIZAÇÃO
Authors: Henfrey Colin
Published: April 2018

Este artigo deriva de matéria antropológica e oral coletada através de 40 anos, principalmente na Chapada Diamantina baiana. Dá um panorama da luta pela terra nas décadas de 1970 e 1980, desde a Bahia até o Acre. Porém sua ênfase principal é nas raízes desta luta, na dinâmica da própria história camponesa, nos níveis locais e regionais. Examina a incorporação desta dinâmica e as suas afiliações políticas em torno da questão da reforma agrária nos princípios da Nova República, quando, na prática o MST já substituía o INCRA como o motor principal da tentativa de democratizar a estrutura agrária no país. Este artigo fornece um contexto histórico para a questão dos assentamentos e da agricultura familiar na política agrária contemporânea, dominada pelo agronegócio. A realidade atual será avaliada na segunda parte deste artigo, que retomará a história das mesmas comunidades da Chapada aqui estudadas, dos anos 90 até o presente. A forma narrativa deste trabalho se explica no próprio texto. 
CRIMINALIZAÇÃO DA POBREZA E DE DEFENSORES DE DIREITOS HUMANOS
Authors: Monteiro Valdênia Brito
Published: April 2018

Este artigo problematiza algumas questões referentes ao processo de criminalização da pobreza e dos defensores de direitos humanos. A criminalização é uma ação individual ou coletiva que configura um crime. É resultado de processos de definição e seleção que escolhem determinados indivíduos aos quais se atribui status de criminoso. No caso dos defensores de direitos humanos, o processo de criminalização consiste em retirar o aspecto político de determinada luta social, ao individualizar a responsabilidade e desqualificar práticas de determinados indivíduos ou grupos sociais, de modo a promover a sua difamação pública.
A REFORMA TRABALHISTA SOB A REGÊNCIA DO PROJETO DOING BUSINESS DO BANCO MUNDIAL: A INVESTIDA ULTRALIBERAL DO GOVERNO TEMER
Authors: Santos Maria Roseniura De Oliveira
Published: April 2018

O sistema capitalista global tem ampliado os aparatos de dominação da vida social a partir das leis econômicas num processo que promove uma mercantilização sem precedentes da força de trabalho. Os processos de integração econômica global têm sido determinados pelo capital financeiro mediante governança do Banco Mundial que tem exercido a gestão indutora de reformas em diversos países. O Banco Mundial, através do projeto Doing Business, tem tido incisão marcante sobre o mercado e o contrato de trabalho. Através do monitoramento e classificação parametrizadas das economias, epor ranking específico para regulação do mercado de trabalho composto pela regulação da admissão, jornada de trabalho, procedimentos e custos rescisórios. O estudo aponta evidências da influência do Doing Business na reforma realizada ela Lei 13.467/2017 aprovada pelo governo Temer.
NEOLIBERALISMO E FLEXIBILIZAÇÃO DA LEGISLAÇÃO TRABALHISTA NO BRASIL E NA FRANÇA
Authors: Araújo Maurício Azevedo de , Dutra Renata Queiroz , Jesus Selma Cristina Silva de
Published: April 2018

No contexto mundializado de ascensão de uma “racionalidade neoliberal” e desmonte dos direitos e dos mecanismos de proteção social, este artigo procura demonstrar como as reformas trabalhistas no Brasil e na França estão em conformidade com esta racionalidade, que visa à regulação das relações de trabalho sob o paradigma do direito privado e sua lógica negocial. O artigo é composto de três partes principais. Na primeira parte, será feita uma reflexão sobre o neoliberalismo e a precarização social do trabalho no Brasil e na França. Em seguida, serão analisadas as mudanças recentes na legislação trabalhista brasileira, notadamente no que concerne à aprovação do projeto de lei que libera a terceirização de atividades-fim no país (Lei nº 13.429/2017), bem como a Lei nº 13.467/2017 (Reforma trabalhista). E por fim, no caso francês, o foco de análise recairá sobre as duas últimas reformas trabalhistas implementadas em 2016 e 2017, dando ênfase ao debate do negociado sobre o legislado, da flexibilidade das dispensas e dos limites da jornada de trabalho.
MOVIMENTOS SOCIAIS E LUTA ANTIMANICOMIAL: CONTEXTO POLÍTICO, IMPASSES E A AGENDA PRIORITÁRIA
Authors: Guljor Ana Paula , Amarante Paulo
Published: April 2018

O processo de Reforma Psiquiátrica brasileiro é considerado uma referência no cuidado em Saúde Mental no mundo e hoje é uma política de Estado. Desde seu início, em fins da década de 70 até o momento atual, obteve inúmeras conquistas. Entre as principais está a lei nacional de saúde mental (10.216/01) e a constituição de uma rede de serviços territorial. Considera-se que a existência de um movimento social potente – o movimento da luta antimanicomial – foi o impulsionador desta trajetória e, ainda hoje, se constitui em um dispositivo fundamental na garantia de sua sustentabilidade. Este ensaio busca discutir, no marco temporal do processo de Reforma Psiquiátrica, aspectos que envolvem a luta antimanicomial, seu percurso e desafios na conjuntura em que hoje se apresenta. Parte-se do pressuposto de que esta é uma proposta de transformação da sociedade e não se restringe ao fechamento dos hospitais psiquiátricos. A partir do contexto histórico da luta por direitos na sociedade brasileira, em específico na conformação da luta antimanicomial como movimento social, articula a análise do atual momento político no âmbito internacional e da sociedade brasileira com uma perspectiva crítica, no sentido do fortalecimento da disputa de hegemonia de um modelo de cuidado em saúde mental o qual possui estreita relação com o processo civilizatório da sociedade e a luta pela democracia.
Influência do número de repetições na identificação de genes diferencialmente expressos em experimentos de RNA-Seq
Authors: AMARAL Regiane , NASCIMENTO Moyses , MACIEL Talles Eduardo Ferreira , SILVA Fabyano Fonseca e , NASCIMENTO Ana Carolina Campana , PETERNELLI Luiz Alexandre , GUIMARÃES Simone Eliza Facioni
Published: April 2018

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar duas importantes metodologias estatísticas destinadas a avaliar perfis de expressão gênica em condições biológicas distintas (DESeq e baySeq) com a finalidade de verificar a influência do número de repetições na identificação de genes diferencialmente expressos (GDE); assim como avaliou a sobreposição dos GDE encontrados nos diferentes contrastes estabelecidos, dentro e entre os métodos estudados. Por fim foi avaliada a taxa de falsos positivos encontrados por estas duas metodologias. Para esta avaliação, foram criados quatro cenários mimetizando experimentos reais, representando duas condições experimentais, sendo cada cenário composto por números diferentes de repetições. O pacote TCC implementado no Bioconductor foi utilizado para geração dos dados analisados, tendo cada observação 1000 genes simulados, onde 200 são diferencialmente expressos (DE) e 800 não DEs. Em um primeiro momento, os dados foram analisados separadamente por cada método, comparando-se apenas a influência do número de repetições na identificação dos GDE. Em seguida, foi realizada a comparação entre os resultados obtidos por cada método, levando em conta também o número de repetições em cada cenário. Conforme observado para os dois métodos analisados, a redução do número de repetições diminui o poder destas metodologias em detectar GDE. Constatou-se ao comparar dois cenários por vez, para cada metodologia, que um maior percentual de GDE comuns foi encontrado ao considerar maior número de repetição. A maioria dos GDE foi identificada, simultaneamente, pelas duas metodologias, em função do número de repetições. O método emprementado no pacote baySeq apresentou melhor acurácia nos cenários onde havia 5 repetições e no cenário sem repetições. Assim, pode-se dizer que o baySeq apresentou maior sensibilidade, ou seja, maior taxa de verdadeiros positivos e menor taxa de falsos positivos em relação ao DESeq sob estas condições.
A AUTOCORRELAÇÃO TEMPORAL DO INCREMENTO EM DIÂMETRO E AS DIFERENÇAS DE CRESCIMENTO ENTRE GRUPOS DE ESPÉCIES EM UMA FLORESTA OMBRÓFILA DENSA
Authors: VATRAZ Silvane , ALDER Denis , SILVA José Natalino Macedo
Published: April 2018

O objetivo deste estudo é o de verificar a existência de autocorrelação temporal entre dois períodos consecutivos de medição do incremento diamétrico (1984-1994 e 1994-2004) e o de identificar padrões de taxas de crescimento diamétrico entre diferentes grupos funcionais de espécies. O estudo foi desenvolvido na área de manejo florestal da empresa Jari Florestal S.A., no município de Vitória do Jari, AP. Foram empregadas três parcelas permanentes de um hectare cada uma (100 x 100 m), onde foram medidos todos os indivíduos arbóreos com DAP ≥ 20,0 cm. A correlação de Pearson foi empregada para verificar a existência da autocorrelação do crescimento, bem como entre as classes diamétricas. O agrupamento das espécies baseou-se em construir um gráfico de dois eixos relacionando o incremento diamétrico médio e o diâmetro percentil 0,95. A análise de variância (α= 0,01) e o teste Tukey (α=0,05) foram utilizados para checar as diferenças entre os incrementos. O resultado desta análise detectou a autocorrelação temporal do crescimento e de diferentes padrões de crescimento entre algumas classes diamétricas. O agrupamento de espécies mostrou ser uma ferramenta útil na identificação de grupos funcionais e as análises indicaram existir diferenças de crescimento entre alguns grupos.
Teoria de valores extremos e tamanho amostral para o melhoramento genético do quantil máximo em plantas
Authors: ESCOBAR José Alfredo Diaz , RESENDE Marcos Deon Vilela de , AZEVEDO Camila Ferreira , SILVA Fabyano Fonseca e , BARBOSA Márcio Henrique Pereira , NUNES Andrei Caíque Pires , ALVES Rodrigo Silva , NASCIMENTO Moysés
Published: April 2018

Este trabalho objetivou propor e avaliar uma metodologia estatística para o melhoramento genético do valor extremo das distribuições de caracteres quantitativos. Essa abordagem baseia-se nos quantis superiores da GEV (Distribuição de Valores Extremos Generalizada) e DEV (Distribuições de Valores Extremos) dos valores genotípicos individuais entre e dentro de famílias de plantas ou animais. Usando bases de dados reais e simulados de cana-de-açúcar, distribuições de valores extremos (Gumbel, Fréchet e Weibull) foram ajustadas aos máximos das famílias. Simulações estocásticas e reamostragens de dados experimentais indicaram consistentemente que a avaliação de 200 famílias maximiza a eficiência do melhoramento visando à seleção de indivíduos extremos. A distribuição Weibull foi a de melhor ajuste (seguida pela Gumbel) e indicou aumento da eficiência seletiva de 1,10 quando se passa de 20 para 100 indivíduos por família e de 1,12 quando se passa de 100 para 200 indivíduos. Esses números são aproximadamente constantes independentemente do número de famílias avaliadas. Uma boa opção prática seria a avaliação de 200 famílias com 100 indivíduos,  num total de 20000 indivíduos. A metodologia é adequada também para classificar famílias pela capacidade de geração de indivíduos superiores e informar os tamanhos amostrais em cada família para capturar esses indivíduos.
The w(p) in the financial markets: An empirical approach on the S&P 500
Authors: Di Sciorio Fabrizio
Published: April 2018

The aim of the work is to estimate the probability weighting function, starting from the time series of the S&P 500 index. After an introduction to the Effecient Markets Hypothesis (EMH) and the empirical evidence against it, we have introduced the Prospect Theory (PT). Following the studies carried out by Gonzalez et al.,we have analyzed w(p) and we have proposed a new estimation method with a two parameters function. The OLS (Ordinary Least Squares) method provides the alpha and beta coefficients, which represent respectively the curvature and elevation of the weighting function. In the last part of the paper, w(p) has been implemented in the building of the portfolio with random weights.
User Study of Emotional Visualization Dashboard for Educational Software
Authors: Ghasemaghaei Reza , Arya Ali , Biddle Robert
Published: April 2018

This paper describes a user study on the MADE Dashboard, our proposed data visualization dashboard that supports educators to inspect and reflect on the emotional states of students using web learning applications. Our goal was to support the system designer, and indirectly also teachers and students. Our dashboard follows affective learning models, and monitors online learner emotions. It uses an open source library that supports tracking of facial features and detection of emotions in real time, identifying six different emotions. We present a user study to determine whether the data visualization graph can be interpreted properly.
Primeras etapas de crecimiento de Brosimum alicastrum Sw. en Yucatán
Authors: Hernández-González Olivia , Vergara-Yoisura Silvia , Larqué-Saavedra Alfonso
Published: April 2018

El presente estudio proporciona información del crecimiento de Brosimum alicastrum (ramón) durante sus primeros años, en una plantación comercial localizada en Yucatán, México. Las plantas fueron desarrolladas a partir de semillas y cultivadas en vivero hasta la edad de un año de edad y 65 cm de altura, momento en el cual fueron transportadas al campo en donde se plantaron a una distancia de 5 m entre ellas. Los trasplantes se realizaron en los años 2006, 2007 y 2009 y las mediciones se hicieron del 2010 al 2012, cuando contaban con 2, 4 y 5 años de edad. Se eligieron 10 árboles de cada edad, y durante 24 meses se midió la altura máxima y el diámetro del tallo a 50 cm del suelo. Se determinó que las plántulas desarrolladas en vivero, en los primeros seis meses, crecen en forma lineal a una tasa de 0.65 m año-1, posteriormente, en condiciones de campo hasta los 7 años, el crecimiento fue exponencial. La fase de endurecimiento inicia a los 6 años, con un incremento en el diámetro del tallo superior al doble. Durante la época de lluvias se registraron 65 y 69 % del crecimiento en diámetro y altura respectivamente, comparado con el crecimiento en la época de sequía. Las edades de los árboles considerados en este trabajo se consignan como primera etapa de crecimiento, ya que algunos de los individuos de siete años iniciaron el proceso de floración, lo que indica el término del periodo juvenil de la planta.
Insecticidas sistémicos para el control de Dendroctonus adjuntus Blandford, 1897 en El Nevado de Toluca
Authors: Gochez-López Emmanuel , Arriola-Padilla Victor Javier , Perea-Alcalá Alfredo , Reséndiz-Martínez José Francisco , Camacho Alejandro D.
Published: April 2018

Las especies del género Dendroctonus constituyen una de las principales plagas que afectan los árboles de ecosistemas templados. Actualmente, su control y manejo están regulados en la NOM-019-SEMARNAT-2006; sin embargo lo que en ella se establece, puede ser un importante factor de impacto en las áreas naturales protegidas. Este trabajo consiste en la búsqueda de opciones para manejar plagas de descortezadores que atacan coníferas en dichas zonas, y para ello se probaron 13 tratamientos con abamectina, acefate, imidacloprid y benzoato de emamectina, cada uno a tres concentraciones y agua como testigo. El insecticida se aplicó mediante el sistema de inyección a presión Injecthor® en individuos de Pinus hartwegii infestados por Dendroctonus adjunctus en el Parque Nacional Nevado de Toluca. Se utilizó un diseño experimental de bloques completos al azar con cuatro réplicas. Un mes y cinco meses después de las inyecciones, se tomaron tres muestras, tanto de corteza como de floema con tamaño de 100 cm2 árbol-1 tratado y se registraron los datos del desarrollo de galerías y mortalidad de insectos. Los tratamientos que resultaron ser más efectivos para el control del D. adjunctus fueron acefate 12 %, benzoato de emamectina 2 % y abamectina 0.3 %, en ese orden. Con la presente investigación se ofrece una alternativa para el manejo del descortezador, principalmente en áreas de conservación.
Calidad de planta en el vivero forestal La Dieta, Municipio Zitácuro, Michoacán
Authors: Muñoz Flores Hipolito Jesús , Sáenz Reyes José Trinidad , Coria Avalos Víctor Manuel , Hernández Ramos Jonathan , Manzanilla Quijada Gyordy Eduardo
Published: April 2018

La baja calidad de la planta producida en los viveros forestales de México es una de las causas del poco éxito que se tiene en las plantaciones. Esto provoca que, a nivel nacional, la tasa anual de sobrevivencia, al año de plantación sea de aproximadamente 50 %. De ahí, que el objetivo del presente estudio sea evaluar la calidad de planta, mediante índices morfológicos y fisiológicos, producida en el vivero forestal “La Dieta”, del municipio Zitácuaro, Michoacán. El ciclo de producción de la planta fue de mantenimiento, producidas en bolsa de polietileno negro. Para ello se obtuvo por muestreo al azar una muestra de 410 plantas. Se evaluó la altura, diámetro del cuello, biomasa seca total y se determinó el Índice de Robustez (IR), Índice de Lignificación (IL) y el Índice de Calidad de Dickson (ICD); así como la concentración de nutrimentos (N-P-K), y el contenido de carbono y lignina. Los resultados mostraron que la planta superó los valores para calificarla como calidad alta; con 6.0 cm en altura y 5.0 mm de diámetro para especies de crecimiento de hábito cespitoso, y de 15.0 cm en altura y 4.0 mm de diámetro para las de crecimiento normal. Los valores promedios de ICD fueron 2.16 en Pinus michoacana, 1.54 en Pinus ayacahuite y 1.77 para Cupressus lindleyi, que corresponden a una calidad alta. Las concentraciones de nutrimentos resultaron diferentes en todos los casos; con deficiencias de N y P en C. lindleyi, y K en P. michoacana, clasificándolas de calidad baja.