bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE WORK SHIFT AND WELL-BEING
Authors:   Instytut Psychologii, Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II, Rożnowski Bohdan , Korulczyk Tomasz ,   Instytut Psychologii, Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
Published: February 2021

The aim of the study was to verify the current reports on the relationship between shift work and situational factors with positive and negative well-being emotional components of P Warr’s theory. The IWP Multi-Affect Indicator scale by Warr (1990) in the Polish adaptation of E. Mielniczuk and M. Łaguna, as well as questions of situational factors related to the work: workload of the current day, occurrence of negative critical situations on a given day, difficulty of the tasks performed on that day, evaluation of current working conditions. The sample consisted of 50 shift workers representing different professions, with women’s advantage. Most of them are young people with short work experience, coming from a large city. The measurement was carried out five times per shift: in the morning and in the afternoon. The research was conducted in an individual form. The results of the research indicate that work in the afternoon shift is associated with poorer well-being (H1), work in the morning shift is associated with better employee well-being (H2), situational factors such as workload, difficulty of employee tasks, negative critical events and bad working conditions generate negative well-being components, regardless of the shift the employee works on (H3), and that the shift will have an impact on perceived well-being regardless of the impact of the above mentioned situational factors (H4). The results of the research can be applied in the practice of organizational management and may constitute further research inspirations. Key words: well-being at work, emotions at work, work shift, Warr’s theory, situational factors
THE SENSE OF QUALITY OF LIFE AND SELF-ESTEEM AMONG ADDICTED PATIENTS DURING THE THERAPY
Authors:   Instytut Psychologii, Uniwersytet Opolski, Opole, Zdybek Przemysław , Derbis Romuald ,   Instytut Psychologii, Uniwersytet Opolski, Opole
Published: February 2021

During the addiction therapy patients describes a sense of emptiness, low level of life satisfaction and difficulties in enjoying their lives. Those problems often caused them to return to psychoactive substance use. The research presented in the article is aimed at checking the dynamics of the above constructs during addiction therapy, which may help to better understand the treatment process. A longitudinal study of alcohol dependent patients in the process of addiction therapy was conducted. The research questionnaires measured selected aspects of psychological well-being as general construct and specific subscales. The first measurement was made at the beginning of a patient’s addiction therapy, second was carried out in the last week of the patient’s therapy. N=216 patients from 4 addiction therapy centres took a part in the research. The results show that the main indicators of quality of life and sense of self are statistically significant improvement after the short-term therapy. Research confirms the positive impact of addiction therapy on patients. The challenge of this type of research and the treatment itself is to monitor short and long term effects of addiction therapy. These studies shows that the discussion about the effectiveness of the therapy should not be limited only to the abstinence, but also other indicators of psychological, social, medical recovery. Key words: addiction therapy, alcohol dependence, the sense of the quality of life, self-esteem
THE IMPACT OF PROVIDING CARE FOR GRANDCHILDREN ON THE QUALITY OF LIFE OF GRANDPARENTS
Authors:   Instytut Psychologii, Uniwersytet Opolski, Opole, Skałacka Katarzyna
Published: February 2021

Contemporary grandparents are active people, not only in the social but also professional field. Regardless of other duties, one of the socially assigned tasks in the role of grandparent is to take care for grandchildren. As various studies have reported, this task may bring caregivers more losses than benefits (eg Goodman & Silverstein, 2002). In the present study, data from 148 people over 57 years who have looked after grandchildren have been analyzed, to determine whether the amount of time devoted by grandparents to care for grandchildren will affect their sense of quality of life. Grandparents gender, age, and locus of control was controlled. The obtained results confirmed that with the increase of the number of hours devoted to grandchildren care, the sense of quality of life of the grandparents drops. This effect is stronger among grandfathers. The sense of the location of control plays the role of a mediator and suppressor in the relationship of care time over grandchildren with a sense of quality of life. The results are discussed in the context of potential family burden and work load among grandparents. Key words: grandparents, grandchildren, quality of life, location of control, care for grandchildren
Title 01 FW 11
Authors: last name FW  last name FW  last name FW  last name FW first name FW ,   Corporate name FW 11
Published: February 2021

Abstract 01 FW 11, 1p only
Juniperus L. for Restoration of Degraded Forest Lands in Turkey
Authors: Yücedağ Cengiz , Ayan Sezgin , Farhat Perla , Özel Halil Barış
Published: February 2021

Degraded forests are among of the most important environmental and commercial problems around the world. Turkey has 22.74 million hectares of forest area, out of which 9.656 million ha (42%) are unproductive. To transform these unproductive forests into productive ones, forest restoration including rehabilitation is one of the best actions. In this sense, juniper species play an important role for degraded lands because they are drought-tolerant and withstand aridity and poor soils better than most timber species grown in Turkey. Therefore, this review presents the ecological considerations for the restoration of degraded forest lands in Turkey under the conditions of climate change. Within this framework, it focuses on the production of planting stock of juniper species, the significance of site-species matching, and post-planting site maintenance for successful rehabilitation.
Correlations between the Hardened Properties of Combination Type SCC Containing UFGGBFS
Authors: Chandru P. , Karthikeyan J. , Natarajan C.
Published: February 2021

This study aims to develop models to correlate the different hardened properties of ultra-fine ground granulated blast-furnace slag (UFGGBFS) admixed SCC mixtures. Seven self-compacting concrete mixtures (SCC-A to SCC-G) were produced with a high powder content of 587 ± 2 kg/m3. The 450 kg/m3 (76 %) of powder was derived from the binders, and the remaining 137 ± 2 kg/m3 (24 %) was obtained from the powder particles (<125 µm) existing in the crushed stone sand. UFGGBFS was utilized as a supplementary binder. Properties of these SCC mixtures were evaluated in fresh as well as in the hardened state. The homogeneity, surface hardness, chloride permeability, electrical resistivity, and absorption of hardened SCC were detected with ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV), rebound hammer, rapid chloride permeability, Wenner’s four-probe electrical resistivity, and water absorption test methods, respectively. All the seven SCC mixtures demonstrated a nonsegregating flowability and excellent passability without stacking and blocking. At 28, the mix SCC-B recorded a maximum strength of 54 MPa and 4.41 MPa under cube compression and splitting tensile tests, respectively. Moreover, the mix SCC-G demonstrated a 30-MPa compressive strength with a significant cement range of 150 kg/m3. Correlations between the various properties of SCC was also arrived using the experimental results, and it was compared with the existing models.
Novel Influences of Sex andAPOEGenotype on Spinal Plasticity and Recovery of Function after Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: Strattan Lydia E. , Britsch Daimen R. S. , Calulot Chris M. , Maggard Rachel S. J. , Abner Erin L. , Johnson Lance A. , Alilain Warren J.
Published: February 2021

Spinal cord injuries can abolish both motor and sensory function throughout the body. Spontaneous recovery after injury is limited and can vary substantially between individuals. Despite an abundance of therapeutic approaches that have shown promise in preclinical models, there is currently a lack of effective treatment strategies that have been translated to restore function after spinal cord injury (SCI) in the human population. We hypothesized that sex and genetic background of injured individuals could impact how they respond to treatment strategies, presenting a barrier to translating therapies that are not tailored to the individual. One gene of particular interest isAPOE, which has been extensively studied in the brain because of its allele-specific influences on synaptic plasticity, metabolism, inflammation, and neurodegeneration. Despite its prominence as a therapeutic target in brain injury and disease, little is known about how it influences neural plasticity and repair processes in the spinal cord. Using humanized mice, we examined how the ε3 and ε4 alleles ofAPOEinfluence the efficacy of therapeutic intermittent hypoxia (IH) in inducing spinally-mediated plasticity after cervical SCI (cSCI). IH is sufficient to enhance plasticity and restore motor function after experimental SCI in genetically similar rodent populations, but its effect in human subjects is more variable (Golder and Mitchell, 2005; Hayes et al., 2014). Our results demonstrate that both sex andAPOEgenotype determine the extent of respiratory motor plasticity that is elicited by IH, highlighting the importance of considering these clinically relevant variables when translating therapeutic approaches for the SCI community.
Distinct Transcriptomic Profiles in the Dorsal Hippocampus and Prelimbic Cortex Are Transiently Regulated following Episodic Learning
Authors: Katzman Aaron , Khodadadi-Jamayran Alireza , Kapeller-Libermann Dana , Ye Xiaojing , Tsirigos Aristotelis , Heguy Adriana , Alberini Cristina M.
Published: February 2021

A fundamental, evolutionarily conserved biological mechanism required for long-term memory formation is rapid induction of gene transcription upon learning in relevant brain areas. For episodic types of memories, two regions undergoing this transcription are the dorsal hippocampus (dHC) and prelimbic (PL) cortex. Whether and to what extent these regions regulate similar or distinct transcriptomic profiles upon learning remain to be understood. Here, we used RNA sequencing in the dHC and PL cortex of male rats to profile their transcriptomes in untrained conditions (baseline) and at 1 h and 6 d after inhibitory avoidance learning. We found that, of 33,713 transcripts, >14,000 were significantly expressed at baseline in both regions and ∼3000 were selectively enriched in each region. Gene Ontology biological pathway analyses indicated that commonly expressed pathways included synapse organization, regulation of membrane potential, and vesicle localization. The enriched pathways in the dHC were gliogenesis, axon development, and lipid modification, while in the PL cortex included vesicle localization and synaptic vesicle cycle. At 1 h after learning, 135 transcripts changed significantly in the dHC and 478 in the PL cortex; of these, only 34 were shared. Biological pathways most significantly regulated by learning in the dHC were protein dephosphorylation, glycogen and glucan metabolism, while in the PL cortex were axon development and axonogenesis. The transcriptome profiles returned to baseline by 6 d after training. Thus, a significant portion of dHC and PL cortex transcriptomic profiles is divergent, and their regulation upon learning is largely distinct and transient.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTLong-term episodic memory formation requires gene transcription in several brain regions, including the hippocampus and PFC. The comprehensive profiles of the dynamic mRNA changes that occur in these regions following learning are not well understood. Here, we performed RNA sequencing in the dorsal hippocampus and prelimbic cortex, a PFC subregion, at baseline, 1 h, and 6 d after episodic learning in rats. We found that, at baseline, dorsal hippocampus and prelimbic cortex differentially express a significant portion of mRNAs. Moreover, learning produces a transient regulation of region-specific profiles of mRNA, indicating that unique biological programs in different brain regions underlie memory formation.
Exacerbation of Epilepsy by Astrocyte Alkalization and Gap Junction Uncoupling
Authors: Onodera Mariko , Meyer Jan , Furukawa Kota , Hiraoka Yuichi , Aida Tomomi , Tanaka Kohichi , Tanaka Kenji F. , Rose Christine R. , Matsui Ko
Published: February 2021

Seizures invite seizures. At the initial stage of epilepsy, seizures intensify with each episode; however, the mechanisms underlying this exacerbation remain to be solved. Astrocytes have a strong control over neuronal excitability and the mode of information processing. This control is accomplished by adjusting the levels of various ions in the extracellular space. The network of astrocytes connected via gap junctions allows a wider or more confined distribution of these ions depending on the open probability of the gap junctions. K+clearance relies on the K+uptake by astrocytes and the subsequent diffusion of K+through the astrocyte network. When astrocytes become uncoupled, K+clearance becomes hindered. Accumulation of extracellular K+leads to hyperexcitability of neurons. Here, using acute hippocampal slices from mice, we uncovered that brief periods of epileptiform activity result in gap junction uncoupling. In slices that experienced short-term epileptiform activity, extracellular K+transients in response to glutamate became prolonged. Na+imaging with a fluorescent indicator indicated that intercellular diffusion of small cations in the astrocytic syncytium via gap junctions became rapidly restricted after epileptiform activity. Using a transgenic mouse with astrocyte-specific expression of a pH sensor (Lck-E2GFP), we confirmed that astrocytes react to epileptiform activity with intracellular alkalization. Application of Na+/HCO3–cotransporter blocker led to the suppression of intracellular alkalization of astrocytes and to the prevention of astrocyte uncoupling and hyperactivity intensification bothin vitroandin vivo. Therefore, the inhibition of astrocyte alkalization could become a promising therapeutic strategy for countering epilepsy development.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTWe aimed to understand the mechanisms underlying the plastic change of forebrain circuits associated with the intensification of epilepsy. Here, we demonstrate that first-time exposure to only brief periods of epileptiform activity results in acute disturbance of the intercellular astrocyte network formed by gap junctions in hippocampal tissue slices from mice. Moreover, rapid clearance of K+from the extracellular space was impaired. Epileptiform activity activated inward Na+/HCO3–cotransport in astrocytes by cell depolarization, resulting in their alkalization. Our data suggest that alkaline pH shifts in astrocytes lead to gap junction uncoupling, hampering K+clearance, and thereby to exacerbation of epilepsy. Pharmacological intervention could become a promising new strategy to dampen neuronal hyperexcitability and epileptogenesis.
Faces Do Not Attract More Attention Than Non-Social Distractors in the Stroop Task
Authors: Henschel Anna , Bargel Hannah , Cross Emily S.
Published: February 2021

As robots begin to receive citizenship, are treated as beloved pets, and given a place at Japanese family tables, it is becoming clear that these machines are taking on increasingly social roles. While human-robot interaction research relies heavily on self-report measures for assessing people’s perception of robots, a distinct lack of robust cognitive and behavioural measures to gauge the scope and limits of social motivation towards artificial agents exists. Here we adapted Conty and colleagues’ (2010) social version of the classic Stroop paradigm, in which we showed four kinds of distractor images above incongruent and neutral words: human faces, robot faces, object faces (for example, a cloud with facial features) and flowers (control). We predicted that social stimuli, like human faces, would be extremely salient and draw attention away from the to-be-processed words. A repeated-measures ANOVA indicated that the task worked (the Stroop effect was observed), and a distractor-dependent enhancement of Stroop interference emerged. Planned contrasts indicated that specifically human faces presented above incongruent words significantly slowed participants’ reaction times. To investigate this small effect further, we conducted a second experiment (N=51) with a larger stimulus set. While the main effect of the incongruent condition slowing down participants’ reaction time replicated, we did not observe an interaction effect of the social distractors (human faces) drawing more attention than the other distractor types. We question the suitability of this task as a robust measure for social motivation and discuss our findings in the light of recent conflicting results in the social attentional capture literature.
Galego e português no Cancioneiro inédito de Cipriano Torre Enciso
Authors: Sánchez Rei Xosé Manuel
Published: February 2021

Os materiais de literatura oral coligidos pelo polígrafo galego Cipriano Torre Enciso (1902-1994) enformam uma obra de aproximadamente 7.000 textos de extração popular. Entre as caraterísticas que a definem, verifica-se uma de relevância no conjunto de traballos editoriales galegos desta natureza, como é o facto de o coletor incorporar textos provenientes do cancioneiro português. Esse traço pode comprovar-se do ponto de vista linguístico ao se detetarem fenómenos gramaticais e lexicais presentemente mais próprios ou exclusivos da língua em Portugal do que na Galiza.
Medium-term prospects of the functioning of Ukrainian seaports
Authors:   State Institution ", Fediai Natalia ,   Institute for Economics and Forecasting, NAS of Ukraine"
Published: February 2021

The article presents the results of a medium-term forecast of the development of Ukraine's seaports (USP) under pessimistic and optimistic scenarios. It is emphasized that this forecast is an important component of the Industry Development Strategy, as well as a basic element for the development of the Action Plan for the implementation of strategic medium-term development priorities in accordance with the long-term goals. The author carried out a retrospective analysis of the volume of cargo transshipment in Ukrainian seaports, and of selected the indicators on which the forecast model is based, namely: Ukraine's GDP and the volume of world sea freight. The macroeconomic medium-term forecast of Ukraine's GDP for the period up to 2024 was developed by the Institute for Economics and Forecasting of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, and the forecast of the volumes of world sea freight was developed by the UN Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD). Attention is focused on the fact that effective management of the development of seaports in Ukraine depends on the accuracy and reliability of medium-term forecasting. In addition, emphasis is placed on the need to study future trends in the seaports' development, whose foundation is being laid today. For this purpose, the author highlights the economic factors influencing the dynamics of cargo handling in Ukrainian seaports, outlines the global trends influencing the development of global sea freight transportation and operation of seaports, and analyzes various current short-term and medium-term trends in sea freight transportation and functioning of seaports, in particular, in the context of the spread of COVID-19, which affect the seaports' performance. It is proved that the chosen statistical model of forecast calculation is accurate and reliable. The results quoted indicate that the volume of cargo transshipment in Ukrainian seaports for the period up to 2024 will grow in both optimistic and pessimistic scenarios. Emphasized the necessity of substantiation of the recommendations to the current Strategy of the Development of Ukrainian Seaports of Ukraine in view of modern tendencies of the industry's development.
Structured financial producs trading and it’s implementation perspectives in emerging economies
Authors:   Azerbaijan State Economic University (UNEC), Namazov Vugar
Published: February 2021

The main objective of the research is to examine key aspects of the structured trade financing instruments and to analyze prerequisites for its existence. Hereby, the main focus is concentrated around developing economies. The research was carried out based on research methods such as comparative analysis, empirical approaches and logical generalization. Also, for the research purposes the current market situation, infrastructure, opinions and recommendations of international organizations were analyzed, and an optimal model and market conditions were generated. As a result of research an importance of the derivative financial instruments, organization of spot markets and warehouse receipt systems were investigated. The main factor limiting the study is a variable statistical need and mathematical modeling based on the economic specifications of each economy. As each market will need more country-oriented research and solution rather than general model that suits all. The practical significance of the research is to ensure synergies between financial and commodity markets and to develop a sustainable risk management tool, enhance access to capital by introducing an alternative financial instrument and market environment for local producers, including small and medium size entrepreneurs.
Microbiota in the Rhizosphere of Cereal Crops
Authors:   Uman National University of Horticulture, Karpenko V.P. , Poltoretskyi S.P. ,   Uman National University of Horticulture, Liubych V.V. ,   Uman National University of Horticulture, Adamenko D.M. ,   Uman National University of Horticulture, Kravets I.S. ,   Uman National University of Horticulture, Prytuliak R.M. ,   Uman National University of Horticulture, Kravchenko V.S. ,   Uman National University of Horticulture, Patyka N.I. ,   Institute of Agrarian Economics, Patyka V.P. ,   Zabolotny Institute of Microbiology and Virology, NAS of Ukraine
Published: February 2021

Today, spelt wheat grain is used to produce high quality food. Intermediate wheatgrass is a promising crop for prairie restoration. One of the elements of biologization is the influence of growing crops on the microbiota of soil rhizosphere. The microbiota of spelt wheat and intermediate wheatgrass soil rhizosphere remains insufficiently studied. Aim. To study the number of individual groups of microbiota in dynamics in the rhizosphere of cereal crops (spelt wheat, intermediate wheatgrass) depending on the weather conditions and the phase of plants development. Methods. Classical microbiological, statistical methods were used in the work. In particular, the study of the number of microorganisms of different ecological and trophic groups (ammonifying, nitrifying, cellulolytic and nitrogen-fixing) was carried out according to generally accepted methods in soil microbiology. The reliability of the influence of factors was determined by the probability value «р» level which was calculated using STATISTICA 8 program. Results. The amount of ammonifying and cellulolytic microorganisms in the soil rhizosphere of spelt wheat is significantly higher compared to soft wheat. The rhizosphere microbiota amount of the intermediate wheatgrass on the 2–3 year of cultivation was more resistant to adverse environmental factors compared to soft wheat. The soil rhizosphere microbiota did not change a lot depending on the phase of plant development during the vegetation period of cereal crops (spelt wheat, intermediate wheatgrass). Conclusions. The formation of rhizosphere microbiota of spelt wheat and intermediate wheatgrass was first analyzed under the conditions of the Right-Bank forest-steppe of Ukraine. The conducted studies indicate the feasibility of growing and use of spelt wheat in breeding programs to create cultivars of soft wheat with higher activity of rhizosphere microbiota. The number of ammonifying, nitrifying and cellulolytic microorganisms of soil rhizosphere of intermediate wheatgrass was significantly higher compared to soft wheat during all growth stages. The conducted studies confirm the practical application of intermediate wheatgrass to preserve and increase soil fertility. Intermediate wheatgrass can be grown for up to three years in one field, as microbiological activity reaches its maximum development.
Symbiotic Properties of Sinorhizobium meliloti and Ethylene Production by Alfalfa Plants at the Early Stages of the Symbiosis Formation under Different Water Supply and Seed Treatment by Lectin
Authors:   Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics, NAS of Ukraine, Mykhalkiv L.M. , Kots S.Ya. ,   Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics, NAS of Ukraine, Zhemojda A.V. ,   Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics, NAS of Ukraine, Kots T.A. ,   Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics, NAS of Ukraine
Published: February 2021

The symbiotic properties of bacteria significantly influence on the effectiveness of symbiosis and the yield capacity of plants. Therefore, it is important and relevant to study the features of micro- and macrosymbionts interactions, in particular under stressful conditions, and to find ways to improve the productivity of symbiotic systems. Aim. The investigation of the nodulation and nitrogen-fixing activities of Sinorhizobium meliloti as well as the ethylene production by alfalfa plants at the early stages of the formation of symbiotic system under conditions of both optimal and insufficient water supply and the pre-sowing treatment of seeds by lectin. Methods. Microbiological (cultivation of bacteria culture, seed inoculation), physiological (pot experiment), biochemical (nitrogenase activity and ethylene production determination). Results. It was observed a decrease of the nodulation activity of Sinorhizobium meliloti under drought as well as under lectin application, which was accompanied by an increase in the amount of produced by macrosymbiont ethylene at the early stages of the symbiosis formation. At the same time, the nitrogen fixing activity was inhibited at the insufficient water supply only. The use of lectin promoted the symbiotic apparatus functioning under optimal and insufficient water supply. After renewal of irrigation an increase of the nodule weight and nitrogen fixing activity as well as the aboveground mass of alfalfa plants were noted under lectin treatment. Conclusions. It was identified the role of ethylene as a negative regulator of the nodulation processes at pre-sowing treatment of alfalfa seeds with lectin. The formation of the effective nitrogen-fixing system capable of full recovery after drought under lectin application confirms the prospects for further research in the use of lectins to create optimal conditions for the realization of the symbiotic potential of rhizobia and to increase the symbiotic systemˊ resistance to the action of stress factors.
Physical-Chemical and Cytotoxic Properties of Bacillus subtilis IMV B-7724 Extracellular Lectin
Authors:   Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology, Fedosova N.I. , Cheremshenko N.L. ,   Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology, Hetman K.I. ,   Zabolotny Institute of Microbiology and Virology, NAS of Ukraine, Symchych T.V. ,   Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology, Chumak A.V. ,   Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology, Shliahovenko V.O. ,   Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology, Voyeykova I.M. ,   Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology, Didenko G.V. ,   Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology
Published: February 2021

Aim. To study the chemical composition, sugar specificity and physicochemical properties of the extracellular lectin isolated from Bacillus subtilis ІМV В-7724. Methods. Biochemical, spectrophotometric, immunological and cultural methods were used to assess the physicochemical and a number of biological properties of lectin isolated from the culture fluid of bacteria B. subtilis ІМV В-7724. Molecular weight of the lectin was estimated in polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Analysis of the elemental composition was done using Perkin-Elmer 2400 CHNS analyzer. Temperature and pH stability of lectin were examined based on residual hemagglutination activity of the lectin. Cytotoxic activity was determined by the MTT-assay. The statistical analysis was made using Student’s t-test. Results. B. subtilis IMV B-7724 lectin is a glycoprotein (protein – 86.0%, carbohydrates – 7.0%) with molecular weight of 18–20 kDa (major). Analysis of the elemental composition revealed that it contains 34.00% of carbon, 7.04% of hydrogen, 16.61% of nitrogen, 42.35% of oxygen. Amino acid composition analysis determined that it is rich in leucine, tyrosine and phenylalanine. The lectin exhibited high sugar-binding specificity toward N-acetylneuraminic and N-glycolylneuraminic acids (minimal inhibitory concentration – 0.3 mM for both sugars). The lectin is heat and acid stable, has long shelf life. Conclusions. These results provide the rationale to pursue further investigation for possible ways and modes of B. subtilis IMB B-7724 lectin application in clinical settings.
Comparison of Cell Sizes of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus with Presence and Absence of the MecA Gene
Authors:   Sumy State University, Berhilevych O. , Kasianchuk V. ,   Sumy State University, Kukhtyn M. ,   Ternopil Ivan Puluj National Technical University, Shubin P. ,   Sumy State University, Butsyk A. ,   Sumy State University
Published: February 2021

Staphylococcus aureus is a pathogenic microorganism that causes a wide range of infectious diseases of humans and animals. Staphylococcus aureus produces a large number of toxins, in particular enterotoxins, which enter the body together with food and cause disorders in the gastrointestinal tract. Moreover, S. aureus has several mechanisms of antibiotic resistance, which greatly complicates prevention of bacteria spread as community-acquired and nosocomial infections. The aim of the work was to determine and compare the differences in size of methicillin-resistant strains of S. aureus with different resistance mechanisms by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Methods. Disc diffusion method was used to establish the mechanism of antibiotic resistance of the obtained isolates. After description of antibiotic resistant and selection of S. aureus isolates with resistance to penicillin and oxicilin, an SEM of the strains and a further comparison of their morphological characteristics, in particular cell size, with the help of Djmaizer v.5.1.10 software was carried out. Results. 54 isolates of S. aureus, obtained from various environmental objects, dairy farms and food products, were tested. PCR revealed sequences of the mecA gene, which is responsible for bacteria resistance to beta-lactams. We determined the cells size of S. aureus isolates resistant to penicillin and oxycillin and performed a comparative analysis of their morphological characteristics using SEM. Conclusions. In the course of the study, it was found that S. aureus isolates with mecA gene (mecA+) have smaller cell size than S. aureus isolates without mecA gene (mecA-).
Identification of Cytotoxic T-Cell and B-Cell Epitopes in the Nucleocapsid Phosphoprotein of SARS-COV-2 Using Immunoinformatics
Authors:   University of Mosul, Dawood A.A.
Published: February 2021

Last December, a novel coronavirus emerged in Wuhan city, China. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes a high intense acute respiratory syndrome with elevation mortality. Nucleocapsid phosphoprotein (NP) is one of the most structural proteins of the virus. NP possesses active immunogenicity for T-cell response. Because NP considered as a potential vaccine target, our study goal was to identify the cytotoxic T-cell (CTL) and B-cell epitopes inside NP peptides. Methods. We used a series of popular immunoinformatics and algorithm tools such as FASTA-NCBI, CLUSTAL-OMGA, T-COFFEE, SWISS-MODEL, CTLPred and its branches. Results. Homology modeling and alignment of SARS-CoV-2 NP showed high conserved residues compared with related sequences. Different types of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) alleles were identified, specifically human leukocyte antigens (HLA-A) affinity for NP. We also demonstrate six B-cell epitopes with a high score above the threshold. Conclusions. We recorded high binder HLA-A*02:01 alleles matched between the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 NP and the Bat coronavirus SARS-Bat-CoV NP. Identification of CTL response and B-cell predictions will be helpful in reverse immunogenetic approaches, hence in the strategy process of the plausible design of the vaccine.
On the implementation of the target program of scientific research of the NAS of Ukraine Reliability and durability of materials, structures, equipment and constructions (transcript of report at the meeting of the Presidium of the NAS of Ukraine, December 9, 2020)
Authors: Lobanov L.M.
Published: February 2021

The report presents the most important results of the target research program of the NAS of Ukraine “Reliability and durability of materials, structures, equipment and constructions” (“Resource-2”) in 2016-2020, aimed at solving a set of problems, development and implementation of measures and tools to ensure the reliability, durability and safe operation of responsible long-term facilities related to the basic needs of the country. It is proposed to launch a new targeted research program of the NAS of Ukraine “Scientific and technical problems of monitoring, evaluation and extension of life of structures, equipment and constructions of long-term operation” for 2021-2025 (“Resource-3”).
The princely city of Zvenigorod: innovative methods in the study and preservation of historical memory (according to the materials of scientific report at the meeting of the Presidium of the NAS of Ukraine, December 9, 2020)
Authors:   Ivan Krypiakevych Ukrainian Studies Institute of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Lviv, Ukraine, Hupalo V.D.
Published: February 2021

The article considers the stages of formation of the source base as a foundation for the socio-historical interpretation of the archaeological monument of national importance “Settlement of the Chronicle City of Zvenigorod.” The city and capital status of Zvenigorod as the center of the principality of the same name is substantiated. The contribution of researchers of the XIX-XX centuries is noted in solving the problems of localization of the city, reconstruction of its area, architectural and spatial organization, planning structure. The results of the application of IT technologies for the virtual reconstruction of the city are presented. Visualization of the princely Zvenigorod for the first time represents the appearance of one of the oldest capital cities of Galician Rus'.
Forecasting of residual resource of structural elements of long-term operation in extreme conditions (according to the materials of scientific report at the meeting of the Presidium of NAS of Ukraine, December 23, 2020)
Authors:   Karpenko Physico-Mechanical Institute of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Lviv, Ukraine, Dolinska I.Ya.
Published: February 2021

Applying the laws of thermodynamics, a general energy approach is formulated to study the delayed fracture of structural materials under the action of force load (static, cyclic, shunting mode of its change), high temperatures, hydrogen-corrosive media, neutron irradiation. Based on the energy approach process, models and forecasting methods of residual resource of structural elements in the mentioned operating conditions are developed. Based on the energy approach and the basic concepts of the acoustic-emission method, the calculation models in the parameters of the AE signals for the analytical description of the materials and structural elements delayed fracture under exploitation conditions are developed. Residual resource of the elements of power equipment (steam pipeline, elements of steam turbines), oil and gas pipelines, elements of nuclear power plants and the body of the oil hydrocracking reactor, is calculated.
An outstanding organic chemist and organizer of science in the Donetsk region (to the 100th anniversary of Academician LM. Lytvynenko)
Authors: Savelova V.A. , Popov A.F. ,   Litvinenko Institute of Physical Organic and Coal Chemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Opeida I.O. ,   Litvinenko Institute of Physical Organic and Coal Chemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, G.F. Rayenko ,   Litvinenko Institute of Physical Organic and Coal Chemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Published: February 2021

January 12 marks the 100th anniversary of the birth of a prominent Ukrainian scientist in the field of physical and organic chemistry, a talented organizer of science, winner of the State Prize of Ukraine in Science and Technology (1993, posthumously), winner of the L.V. Pisarzhevsky Prize of the NAS of Ukraine (1969), the organizers and first rector (1965-1968) of the Donetsk National University, one of the founders and first chairman (1971–1978) of the Donetsk Scientific Center, founder and director (1975-1983) of the Litvinenko Institute of Physical Organic and Coal Chemistry of the NAS of Ukraine, Doctor of Chemical Sciences (1961), Professor (1962), Academician of the NAS of Ukraine (1965) Leonid M. Lytvynenko.
Mathematics is the calling of the soul (to the 75th anniversary of Academician of the NAS of Ukraine M.O. Perestyuk)
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Ukraine, Kapustyan O.V. , Mikhailets V.A. ,   Institute of Mathematics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: February 2021

January 1 marks the 75th anniversary of an outstanding scientist-mathematician in the field of theory of differential equations and its applications, winner of the State Prize of Ukraine in Science and Technology (1996), the State Prize of Ukraine in Education (2012), Honored Worker of Science and Technology of Ukraine (2002), winner of nominal awards named after M.M. Krylov (1998) and M.M. Bogolyubov (2017) of the NAS of Ukraine, Head of the Department of Integral and Differential Equations of the Faculty of Mechanics and Mathematics of the Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv (since 1988), Doctor of Physics and Mathematics (1986), Professor (1987), Academician of the NAS of Ukraine (2009) Mykola O. Perestyuk.
Instrumentos para avaliar a sobrecarga e a qualidade de vida de cuidadores
Authors: Oliveira Stefanie Griebeler , Mello Fernanda Eisenhardt de , Dias Letícia Valente , Cordeiro Franciele Roberta , Porto Adrize Rutz , Hartmann Melissa
Published: February 2021

Objetivo: identificar na literatura instrumentos para avaliar a qualidade de vida e a sobrecarga em cuidadores e sua aplicabilidade com essa população.
Síntese de conteúdo: revisão integrativa da literatura em dois períodos de busca. Em setembro de 2017, foram selecionados 604 resumos na PubMed e 33 na LILACS, totalizando 637. Em seguida, para a atualização de dados, em setembro de 2020, foramescolhidos 137 resumos na PubMed e quatro na LILACS, totalizando 141. Após a leitura dos resumos, 106 artigos foram lidos na íntegra, dos quais 62 artigos atenderam os critérios de inclusão estabelecidos. Após a identificação de 80 instrumentos aplicados em cuidadores nessas publicações, buscou-se identificar a existência de validação brasileira, bem como sua aplicabilidade com cuidadores. Desses instrumentos, 39 não foramvalidados no Brasil, 13 eram elaborações próprias dos autores e 28 validações brasileiras. Desses 28 validados, sete são voltados para cuidadores e os demais, para populações gerais. Na análise de adequação da aplicação desses instrumentos gerais aessa população, verificou-se que os objetivos dos estudos foram atingidos, pois aspectos relativos à sobrecarga e à qualidade de vida também se aplicam ao cuidador que assume o cuidado do paciente em casa.
Conclusões: os achados apontam que, para além da criação de novos instrumentos, é preciso identificar na literatura os já existentes.
Demanda espontânea e acesso no Sistema Único de Saúde: vivências de usuários da atenção primária
Authors: Silva Lívia Silveira , Viegas Selma Maria da Fonseca , Menezes Cássia , Nascimento Leila Cristine do , Nitschke Rosane Gonçalves , Duarte Deborah Correia
Published: February 2021

Objetivo: compreender as vivências cotidianas de usuários, em demanda espontânea, para o acesso e a acessibilidade no Sistema Único de Saúde na porta de entrada da Atenção Primária à Saúde.
Materiais e métodos: estudo de casos múltiplos holístico-qualitativo, fundamentado na sociologia compreensiva do cotidiano, com 60 participantes de município de grande porte do estado de Minas Gerais,Brasil.
Resultados: a demanda espontânea, no cotidiano, está voltada para o agendamento de consultas, para o atendimento médico e para o acesso aos exames, em uma assistência ao adoecimento. Os usuários apresentam dificuldades para o acesso e a acessibilidade às ações e aos serviços.
Conclusões: o acesso aos serviços de saúde da Atenção Primária/Estratégia Saúde da Família continua desafiador, restritivo e burocrático, regulado pela demanda espontânea do usuário e pela agenda médica.
Social support perceived by pregnant and puerperal women with HIV: A cross-sectional study
Authors: De Quadros Jacqueline Silveira , Langendorf Tassiane Ferreira , Dos Santos Wendel Mombaque , De Paula Cristiane Cardoso , Padoin Stela Maris de Mello
Published: February 2021

Objective: To assess whether the social support perceived by pregnant women with HIV is different from that observed by puerperal women also with HIV.
Method: The study had a quantitative approach and a cross-sectional design. It was developed from April to November 2014 in southern Brazil with 78 participants. The Social Support Scale for people living with HIV/AIDS was applied. In addition, descriptive analysis, T-test, Fisher’s exact test, and linear logistic regression were performed.
Results: There was a significant difference in total and instrumental social support scores, which show that the group of pregnant women report higher social support rates. Puerperal women are 8.8 times more likely to have low total social support (OR: 8.80; IC: 1.01-16.76) and 6.0 times more likely to have low instrumental social support (OR: 6.00; IC: 1.53-10.48). The level of satisfaction with the support from friends in the emotional (p =0.009) and instrumental (p =0.004) dimensions was low. It was evidenced that beingpregnant is a protective factor in comparison with being a puerperal woman.
Conclusions: Puerperal women living with HIV are dissatisfied with the social support they perceive, which involves the clinical practice of health professionals. Therefore, health professionals must qualify health care in a way that includes the social dimension of this type of patients.
ECONOMIC DIMENSIONS OF SUSTAINABLE TOURISM IN BULGARIA
Authors: Doncheva Dora
Published: February 2021

The tourism industry is one of the key sectors for economic growth. In the context of expansion and development of the tourism sector worldwide, assessment of its sustainability in the regions or countries becomes an important goal of strategic planning, main tool for maintaining a balance between current and future prospects for their development, especially in the areas with a tourism-based economy. Sustainable tourism can maintain the balance between economic development and environmental protection. The article aims to analyze the main economic dimensions of sustainable tourism in Bulgaria and to highlight opportunities for its development. The analyzed data of the selected indicators for the evaluation of sustainable development of Bulgarian tourism demonstrated quite stable development.
Experimental evaluation of cortical screw placement in lag fashion into the distal phalanx in standing horses
Authors: Izing Simon , Béni Dániel , Molnár Szabina , Bakos Zoltán , Bodó Gábor
Published: February 2021

The objectives of thisin vivoexperimental study were to evaluate the feasibility of cortical screw insertion into the intact distal phalanx in standing sedated horses and to document potential postoperative complications. One cortical screw was randomly inserted in lag fashion into each distal phalanx in 9 horses. The second surgery on the contralateral limbs was performed 2–3 weeks after the first operation, when a 4.5-mm cortical screw was inserted in lag fashion into the distal phalanx of sedated horses following perineural analgesia. Following surgery, the drill hole was filled with an antibiotic-soaked swab, which was changed every 48 h. The horses were euthanised 8 weeks after the second surgery. The hooves were disarticulated and evaluated macroscopically and by computed tomography. The surgery time was 13.9 ± 4.8 min (mean ± SD). Pain scores and lameness gradually decreased after 7 days. Solar canal penetration (SCP) was detected in 10 out of the 18 distal phalanges (55.5%). In 7 out of the 10 penetrations intraoperative bleeding was obvious. No postoperative infection was observed. Screw insertion into the distal phalanx was easily and quickly accomplished in standing horses, but its advantages in horses with sagittal fractures should be investigated further. SCP had no impact on postoperative lameness.
Evaluation of the effects of two anaesthetic protocols on oxidative status and DNA damage in red-eared sliders (Trachemys scripta elegans) undergoing endoscopic coeliotomy
Authors: Došenović Milan , Radaković Milena , Vučićević Miloš , Vejnović Branislav , Vasiljević Maja , Marinković Darko , Stanimirović Zoran
Published: February 2021

The aim of this study was to assess how red-eared sliders (Trachemys scripta elegans) respond to anaesthesia itself and coelioscopy. For that purpose, the turtles were anaesthetised with ketamine–medetomidine or propofol, and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) and the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) were determined by spectrophotometry. The possible genotoxic effects of the anaesthetic agents were estimated by comet assay. A total of 24 turtles were included in this study. The animals were divided into four groups according to the anaesthetic protocol and according to whether endoscopy would be performed. Significantly decreased activities of CAT were found only in the propofol group and in turtles undergoing coelioscopy. Both anaesthetic protocols induced significantly increased MDA levels, while no differences were observed after the intervention. A significant increase in GST activity was detected in turtles after both anaesthetic protocols, but after coelioscopy significant changes in GST activity were found only in the propofol group. However, no differences in SOD activity and no DNA damages were detected in either group. These findings suggest that ketamine–medetomidine may be more suitable anaesthetic agents in red-eared sliders than propofol.