bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Electrocardiographic Findings in Men and Women aged 18 to 65
Authors: Jonsson Björn , Åstrand Irma
Published: July 2017

In an epidemiological study—the REBUS study—about 2500 men and women aged 18 to 65 underwent an electrocardiographic (ECG) examination at rest and a subsample of about 1000 persons also performed an ECG exercise test. The ECG recordings were coded according to the modified Minnesota code (2).

At rest, 55% of the population had normal ECGs. In the subsample the figure was 65%, indicating a certain selection. During and/or after the exercise test 80% of the men and 70% of the women had no major ST-and T-wave changes, arrhythmias or ectopic beats. In both men and women the percentage of abnormal changes in the exercise ECG rose with age, for the men from 45 years, and for the women from the age of 35.

ST depressions were the most common abnormal changes recorded. At rest, 20% of the women and 9% of the men had ST depressions. The corresponding figures (major and minor changes) during and/or after the exercise test were 78% and 60% for the women and the men respectively.

Out of 184 major ST depressions recorded during the exercise test (codes 4.1–4.4) 14 (7%) were not present immediately after the test. During and/or after the exercise test, 8% of the men and 20% of the women, having no ST changes at rest, had ST changes of the major type. Those subjects who had arrhythmias or ectopic beats at rest, had in general no such changes during and/or after the exercise test.
Use of Physician Services by a Middle-aged Population in a Rural Health Centre District in Southwest Finland: Descriptive Distributions
Authors: Takala Jorma , Kopteff Pekka , Takala Anneli , Sievers Kai
Published: July 2017

The use of physician services by a middle-aged population was investigated in connection with a multiphasic screening programme in two rural municipalities in Southwest Finland. The screening programme was attended by 1223 (93.2%) females and 1045 (93.4%) males, 40 to 64 years of age. Two-thirds of the subjects (61 % of the men and 69% of the women) had seen a doctor during the previous year because of illness, symptoms or accident. The mean of the face-to-face physician contacts was 2.3 times a year per person, the women having had more contacts (2.4) than the men (2.1). In all, about half (52%) of the subjects had visited the health centre physician during the previous year for the previously mentioned reasons. Ten per cent of the subjects had seen a private specialist and another 10% had seen a physician at an outpatient clinic of a central or district, hospital. More than one-third of those who had seen a physician at the health centre had visited the health centre at least three times within a year, whereas only one-sixth of those who had used the services of a private practitioner had seen the private practitioner as often. Proportionately, those visiting mental health offices used the services of a physician the most often, for the majority of them (77%) had seen a psychiatrist at this office at least three times during the year.
Confounding as a Result of Differential Diagnosis
Authors: Olsen Jørn
Published: July 2017

Confounding occurs when a competing cause of illness is associated with one or more of the factors being examined under the study hypothesis. Factors that influence the likelihood of diagnosis and are associated with exposure will also have confounding properties in registry-based follow-up studies without ad hoc diagnosis, and in case-control studies where cases are ascertained from medical settings. Such confounders can be controlled in the same manner as other confounders if the necessary information has been collected in the study. Oftentimes sufficient control of confounders will not be possible, especially in registry-based studies. This article gives guidelines for estimating the direction and magnitude for both forms of confounding. The formulas may be needed for the interpretation of positive or negative results in studies where control for confounding has been incomplete.
Survival Experience of Semi-Skilled Disability Pensioners in Denmark
Authors: Jeune Bernard
Published: July 2017

The purpose of this study was to estimate the survival prognosis of semi-skilled disability pensioners. The survival experience of 1353 invalid male members of the Danish Semiskilled Workers Union (SID) awarded disability pensions in 1975 was compared with a control group of members of the same union, matched geographically and by age. The two groups were followed until Nov. 30, 1978. For the follow-up period as a whole, the mortality risk among disability pensioners was estimated to be 6.8 times as high as that of controls. The relative risk of mortality was higher at the period's inception than at the end. A very high mortality level was found among disability pensioners awarded the highest level of disability pension, but no differences in mortality were found between disability pensioners awarded the lower levels of disability pension and the corresponding control group. The significance of medical and social factors in reducing the ability to work is discussed, as it relates to grounds for the awarding of disability pensions. The prognosis of one category of disability pensioners is very poor, while the survival prognosis of another is not significantly worsened, despite a considerable deterioration in the ability to work.
The Role of Socio-Economic Status and Place of Residence in Total Hip Replacement
Authors: Visuri Tuomo , Honkanen Risto
Published: July 2017

The influence of socio-economic status and place of residence on walking ability, performance of daily activities and the aid required in these activities were evaluated among 539 total hip replacement (THR) patients. The walking ability of patients of higher socioeconomic status and of urban origin was better than that of patients of lower socio-economic status and of rural origin, both before and after THR. There were no significant interclass differences in the improvement in walking ability. The same pattern was valid as regards preoperative and postoperative performance of daily activities and the need for assistance. Neither socioeconomic status nor place of residence had any significant influence on the improvement in the performance of daily activities or on the decrease in use of an aid. Earlier total hip replacement is recommended for patients of lower socio-economic status and for those living in rural areas.
Injuries Sustained in Junior League Handboll
Authors: Andrén-Sandberg Åke , Lindstrand Anders
Published: July 2017

In a study of injuries sustained in junior league handball, all injuries during 685 hours of play sustained by 7 320 players have been registered in a cup tournament. Junior handball appears generally to have a very low injury risk, but with a clearly indicated tendency towards more injuries in the higher age group and fewer injuries in the lower age group and among girls. The more serious injuries sustained during a junior handball tournament are carefully registered by the tournament doctor, but the less serious injuries must, if so wished, be registered by other means, for example by telephone call or postal report after the tournament games.
Abuse of Alcohol and Disability Pension
Authors: Hörnquist Jan Olof
Published: July 2017

Social reforms are often introduced solely on the basis of theoretical considerations without any empirical research. Thus, it is often an urgent matter to evaluate the real effects of a reform. In this investigation, the increased possibilities for abusers to obtain disability pensions that came into force in Sweden 1977-01-01 have been examined. A representative sample of 15 percent of all applications in the county of Östergötland in 1975 has been compared with a corresponding one in 1978. As expected, the number of abusers of alcohol among the applicants increased. The proportion of male abusers rose from 13.5 in 1975 to 22 percent in 1978. Despite a levelling off of differences in the civil status in 1978, the abusers were still in a substantially weaker social position than the other applicants. In contrast to the other applicants, no traces of increased efforts towards vocational rehabilitation can be noted among the abusers in 1978. This is quite remarkable since, according to the preceding official report, liberalization was not meant to replace meaningful efforts of rehabilitation. In 1978, the whole group of applicants were younger and they lived more frequently in large, densely populated areas. Furthermore, the number of women increased so that they were in a majority among the applicants in 1978. These changes probably reflect structural changes in society, especially in the labour market. This is the final report of an independent study in the research project “Abuse of alcohol — Disability pension — Quality of life”.
Rheumatic Disorders in a Health Survey: How Valid and Reliable are the Reports?
Authors: Mägi Margus , Allander Erik , Bjelle Anders , Ragnarsson Arni
Published: July 2017

The validity and reliability of interview reports on rheumatic disorders in a Swedish nationwide health survey were studied. Two samples, including altogether 157 individuals, who had reported rheumatic disorders, were medically examined 6 to 24 months after the original interview. The reproducibility of the original interview was studied by the means of two re-interviews. The proportional distribution of rheumatic disorders according to diagnostic group was similar to that in the original interview, in the two re-interviews and at the medical examination. In a subject-to-subject comparison the overall agreement between the medical examination and the lay re-interview was 84% (kappa 0.35) regarding presence of rheumatic disorders, and 57% (kappa 0.41) regarding matching of rheumatic diagnostic groups. In the original interview and the lay re-interview the same individual rheumatic disorder was reported by 38% of the subjects; 58% agreed regarding rheumatic diagnostic groups. The interview reports on rheumatic disorders in the health survey can therefore be considered to have acceptable validity and reliability only with regard to the proportional distribution of groups of rheumatic disorders, based on aggregated data.
Rheumatic Diseases in a Health Interview Survey and in In-Patient Care
Authors: Allebeck Peter , Lindberg Gudrun
Published: July 2017

A record linkage was performed between the in-patient register of Stockholm County and the Stockholm County sample of a national health interview survey. The purpose was to describe and compare characteristics of the two registers, particularly as regards rheumatic diseases. All persons included in the health interview survey of 1977–78 were sought in the in-patient register for the same period. 37% of the population had reported long-term illness in the health interview survey and 22% had been hospitalized, according to the in-patient register. 11% reported a rheumatic disease in the health interview survey, but only 2% were hospitalized with a rheumatic diagnosis. Persons who reported a rheumatic disease in the health interview survey were compared with persons hospitalized with a rheumatic diagnosis by using items in the health interview survey on perceived health, physical mobility and work capacity. The most important difference between the groups was a much higher proportion of disabled persons in the hospitalized group. Perceived health was reported very similarly in the two groups. The reports on hospital episodes in the health interview survey were validated against the in-patient register. An under-reporting of 13% and several inaccuracies in the timing of the hospital episodes were found.
Disability among Home-nursed Patients and Home-help Clients
Authors: Kivelä Sirkka-Liisa
Published: July 2017

218 chronically ill or elderly (65 years or over) homenursed patients and home-help clients were studied to obtain information about the degree of disability, factors associated with disability, and predictors of disability. About 9% of the patients and clients needed help to a moderate extent in daily and self-care activities, but none was totally dependent. Poorly self-perceived health status, dementia and neurological disease were associated with serious disability. Male sex and living alone were correlated with high functional capacities. Only one-tenth of the patients and clients alive after a follow-up period of 28 months were more disabled at the end of the period than at the beginning. Previously measured disability, dementia, neurological disease, restrictions in mobility, and female sex were all predictive of disability after 28 months.
Physicians' Outcome Predictions for Elderly Patients: Survival, Hospital Discharge, and Length of Stay in a Department of Internal Medicine
Authors: Åsberg Kerstin Hulter
Published: July 2017

In order to study physicians' ability to predict survival, site of living after discharge, and length of stay in a hospital department of internal medicine, five physicians rated a total of 156 patients 65 years of age and older, who had been admitted due to acute illness. Predicted and observed outcome were compared. The results showed no relation except with regard to predicted and observed discharge to own home. Inter-rater reliability was found to be low except with regard to discharge to own home. This study shows that the physicians had difficulties in predicting survival or death in the ward, site of living after discharge, other than to own home, and length of stay in the ward. In order to increase the knowledge about elderly with acute illness and improve planning of individual care, it is desirable to develop reliable and valid instruments for clinical prediction of outcome for elderly persons in short-term hospital care.
Social Class Differences in Mental Retardation and Subnormality
Authors: Rantakallio Paula
Published: July 2017

Social class and regional differences in mental retardation were studied in a birth cohort of 12000 children followed up until the age of 14. The incidence of severe mental retardation IQ<50 was significantly higher in farming families and in less developed areas, which is in agreement with the fact that a greater part of the population in these areas belong to social class IV and farmers. The obvious explanation for the higher incidence of severe mental retardation among farmers is an excess of older mothers in this group. In the group of severe mental retardation, paternal unemployment was also statistically, significantly more frequent than among the others. Mild mental retardation, IQ 50–70, was significantly higher in all classes other than I+II and mental subnormality, IQ 71–85 was higher in social classes III and IV. The other less favourable social conditions, which were statistically more frequent in the families of the mentally subnormal, were that: the father had died, was unemployed, on sick leave or receiveing a pension and the mother was not living at home, was unemployed, or was on sick leave or receiving a pension. The incidence of mental subnormality was significantly higher in more developed areas, in spite of the fact that the members of social class IV were less and those of classes I+II more numerous than elsewhere. One probable explanation for the higher incidence of mild mental retardation and mental subnormality in the lower social classes, is found in socio-familial factors, and, with regard to the excess of these conditions in urban areas, in either the difference in socio-cultural factors or in an eargerness to diagnose these conditions. When only the cases of mental retardation, for which no risk factor or aetiology was known, were considered, a statistically significant difference was only found in mild mental retardation and mental subnormality; the incidence of these conditions being higher in social class IV than in I+II.
Migration, Marital Status and Smoking as Risk Determinants of Cancer
Authors: Tenkanen Leena , Teppo Lyly
Published: July 2017

To study the importance of migration to urban area, marital status and smoking as risk factors in cancer, a cohort of 4475 Finnish men was followed up for the occurrence of cancer during the period 1964–1980. Of particular interest was the interaction of migration or marital status with smoking. For cancers at all sites, not married urbanized smoking men had the greatest risk, followed by not married native urban smokers. This pattern was mainly due to high risk of cancers of the lung and larynx among the urbanized men, with a risk peak among urbanized not married smokers. The pattern persisted even when the amount smoked was allowed for. The importance in lung cancer epidemiology of vitamin A deficiency, occupation and psychosocial stress was discussed, and some support was found for the role of psychosocial stress in both the migration and the marital status factors.
Daily Drinking and Drunken Driving
Authors: Gjerde Hallvard
Published: July 2017

In a study of 3 658 drunken drivers, it was found that eight percent reported daily drinking of alcohol, 82% reported no daily drinking, and 10% gave no information about drinking frequency. Measurements of gamma glutamyl-transferase (a biological marker for heavy drinking) in a selection of blood samples from drunken drivers reporting daily drinking, indicated that the majority of these drivers were heavy drinkers. The drunken drivers who reported daily drinking, had higher blood alcohol concentrations, were responsible for a larger number of previously detected drunken driving offences, and were more prone to being arrested for drunken driving during working days and during daylight hours than other drunken drivers. Among the repeating offenders, it was estimated that 13% would report daily drinking, and 74% would not.
Psychosocial Factors and Pregnancy Outcome
Authors: Aurelius Göran , Rådestad Arne , Nylander Ingvar , Zetterström Rolf
Published: July 2017

In a current prospective sociomedical study of families in a Stockholm surburb, their home environments were investigated through interviews with the mothers on their first visit to a maternity health centre when pregnant, and through data obtained from various records. In a sample of 498 mothers, 109 women with psychosocial difficulties were compared with 255 women of the same age but who were not psychosocially deprived. While taking into account biomedical risk factors and parity, it appeared that there was little difference between the groups with regard to frequency of complications in pregnancy, delivery or in the newborn infant. The existence of supportive medical and social factors could be one explanation as to why anticipated differences between the groups were not observed.
Reproduction and Level of Intelligence
Authors: Nyström Sune , Bygren Lars Olof , Vining Daniel R.
Published: July 2017

The study was conducted in a representative Swedish rural-urban population sample of 3064 persons. The IQ factor was determined directly by a single well established procedure. No systematic association between IQ level and the mean number of children was found.
The Need of Leadership for Motivation of Participants in a Community Intervention Programme
Authors: Bjärås Gunilla
Published: July 2017

It is important to know if a community intervention programme actually exists. The level of programme development depends on the extent of participation. The community participation can not be assessed by only using quantitative methods, there is also a need even for qualitative evaluation in order to identity details about the participation process. The purpose of this paper is to describe analysis using data coming from interviews and diaries, demonstrating both how people participate in a community intervention programme aimed at preventing accidents and why. What is the significance of the leadership in maintaining a programme in the long run? The findings show that the leader or leaders are the most important factors in maintaining a community intervention programme. The study demonstrates the necessity of a leader supporting and stimulating participation. There are also some personal reasons why people participate. The involvement is very much correlated with the personality of the programme adopters. As long as an individual can perceive personal gains from participating in the programme, it is of interest to her/him.
University Medical School in Tromsø, Norway
Authors: Løchen Maja-Lisa
Published: July 2017

When the University of Tromsø in northern Norway was founded in 1968, the region suffered from at serious lack of physicians and the health system was not efficient. It was believed that the establishment of a medical school would improve this situation. Half of the places would be reserved for students from northern Norway, and the curriculum would be designed particularly to adapt to the needs of society. The curriculum today aims at obtaining early involvement with patients by using the integrated model for teaching, which means no separation between preclinical and clinical periods and close patient contact throughout the whole curriculum. There is full integration between basic sciences and clinical medicine according to the organ-system model. Emphasis is put on teaching the students a scientific approach involving elective studies and a thesis based on independent study. The expectations of the planners of the medical school have, in the main, been fulfilled. Of the physicians now practising in northern Norway, the proportion who received their education in Tromsø exceeds that of those educated at the other Norwegian medical schools. In addition, there are no serious vacancies in the primary health care service in the region.
Health Behaviour of Fathers of Young Families Expecting their First Baby
Authors: Hyssälä Liisa , Rautava Päivi , Sillanpää Matti
Published: July 2017

Health behaviour in fathers of young families expecting their first baby was studied using randomized cluster sampling and confidential questionnaires given to 1414 fathers, of whom 1279 responded to the questionnaire. The dropout rate was 9.5%. Participants and drop-outs had matching occupations. Basic educational level, age, occupation and location of home were used as background variables. Health behaviour was studied by means of many questions on habits associated with health, such as alcohol consumption, smoking, physical exercise, dietary habits, and social relations and use of cultural services connected with health. The results showed that the health behaviour of the fathers was related to their childhood family background, level of education and occupation. Health education literature and counselling best reached fathers with a high level of education and those with professional occupations. The most negative health behaviour patterns were seen in fathers working in manufacturing industry or primary production and in the youngest fathers. Maternity health care clinics and Well-baby clinics establish a longstanding relation with young families, and health care staffs have a good opportunity to support the future fathers' health behaviour in a positive direction.
Flexural stiffness envelopes for planar multilayered systems containing two dissimilar materials
Authors: Smith D J , Partridge P G
Published: July 2017

The flexural stiffness of multilayer systems, using two dissimilar materials, namely a high-strength titanium alloy and titanium metal matrix alloy, has been determined. The development of different types of symmetric and asymmetric layered systems is presented and stiffness envelopes are determined for the systems. It is demonstrated that there are several layered structures, which can provide the same flexural stiffness. The results are discussed in the context of other mechanical properties such as the strength, impact toughness and damping capacity.
Structural performance of thick adherend steel—composite adhesive joints
Authors: Hashim S A , Knox E M
Published: July 2017

The aim of this paper is to assess the performance of two types of bonded joint with reference to specific design concepts, materials and application for hybrid steel-composite panel construction. The joints are (a) laminate-to-frame connections and (b) butt joints between adjacent laminates. The objectives are (a) to understand the structural behaviour, (b) to determine the failure mechanisms and (c) to determine the effect of the joint geometry on the strength of the bonded joints. The materials used for these joints were polyester-glass composite laminates, mild steel sections and epoxy adhesives. The paper describes the results from mechanical testing and numerical analyses for these joints. A key conclusion is that structural epoxy adhesives provide substantial joint strength to composite panels even though the composite uses low-strength resin. The joint strength is governed by adherend geometry.
Effect of annealing and microstructure on the creep behaviour of an Sn–10 wt % Sb alloy
Authors: Yassin A , Reuben R L , Saad G , Beshai M H N , Habib S K
Published: July 2017

This paper concerns the effect of the two-phase microstructure (solid solution plus SnSb intermetallic) on the creep behaviour of an Sn-10 wt % Sb alloy. The alloy was specially cast and drawn into wires of 0.55 mm diameter. Samples were heat treated at temperatures of 348, 373, 398, 423 and 448 K to produce a range of volume fractions of the intermetallic β-phase SnSb. Constant-load creep tests were carried out at room temperature for each of the wire samples. The results obtained show that there is a relationship between the heat-treatment temperature Ta and the microstructure and that this, in turn, affects the creep properties of the alloy. Quantitative scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis has been used to determine the relationship between the microstructure and the mechanical behaviour of the alloy independently of any microstructural changes which might occur during creep at more elevated temperatures. It is shown that the steady state creep rate can be described in terms of the mass fraction XSb of antimony dissolved in the matrix phase, the mean grain size d (μm) and the applied stress σ (MPa) by the equation ɛ=3.75 × 10−17 XSb−1 d−0.59σ8.19, where the strain rate is given in reciprocal seconds. Comparisons are made with other observations on the creep resistance of solder alternatives.
Patient-derived xenografts of low-grade B-cell lymphomas demonstrate roles of the tumor microenvironment
Authors: Burack W. Richard , Spence Janice M. , Spence John P. , Spence Stephen A. , Rock Philip J. , Shenoy Gautam N. , Shultz Leonard D. , Bankert Richard B. , Bernstein Steven H.
Published: July 2017

Key Points

The relative survival/proliferation advantage of lymphoma B cells compared with nonneoplastic B cells is dependent on environmental factors. The tumor environment can dictate the differentiation of neoplastic B cells.
Case history: A 5 km long waterborne geophysical survey along the Po river within the city of Turin (northwest Italy)
Authors: Sambuelli Luigi , Fiorucci Adriano , Dabove Paolo , Pascal Ivan , Colombero Chiara , Comina Cesare
Published: July 2017

The geologic investigation of water-covered areas is often difficult and inefficient with only the use of traditional surveying techniques (i.e., local drilling and sampling). Waterborne geophysical surveys can offer a valuable alternative to achieve adequate data coverage in a cost-effective way. Two geophysical waterborne methods were combined in this study for the delineation of the submerged subsurface geology along a 5 km stretch of the Po river, within the urban area of Turin. The adopted methods were: continuous vertical electrical sounding (CVES) and ground-penetrating radar (GPR). Special attention was devoted to the accurate geo-referencing of both surveys for combined interpretation. GPR results provide a high-quality representation of the river bed forms, with identification of clear sand dunes in the finer alluvial sediments. CVES resistivity sections enable a deeper characterization, identifying the interface between the shallow alluvial deposits and the deeper low-resistivity marls of the Turin-Hill succession. Our work strengthens the effectiveness of waterborne surveys for geologic prospecting of water-covered and difficult-to-access areas.
PATELLINS are regulators of auxin-mediated PIN1 relocation and plant development in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Tejos Ricardo , Rodriguez-Furlán Cecilia , Adamowski Maciej , Sauer Michael , Norambuena Lorena , Friml Jiří
Published: July 2017

Coordinated cell polarization in developing tissues is a recurrent theme in multicellular organisms. In plants, a directional distribution of the plant hormone auxin is at the core of many developmental programs. A feedback regulation of auxin on the polarized localization of PIN auxin transporters in individual cells has been proposed as a self-organizing mechanism for coordinated tissue polarization, but the molecular mechanisms linking auxin signalling to PIN-dependent auxin transport remain unknown. We used a microarray-based approach to find regulators of the auxin-induced PIN relocation in Arabidopsis thaliana root, and identified a subset of a family of phosphatidylinositol transfer proteins (PITPs), the PATELLINs (PATLs). Here, we show that PATLs are expressed in partially overlapping cell types in different tissues going through mitosis or initiating differentiation programs. PATLs are plasma membrane-associated proteins accumulated in Arabidopsis embryos, primary roots, lateral root primordia and developing stomata. Higher order patl mutants display reduced PIN1 repolarization in response to auxin, shorter root apical meristem, and drastic defects in embryo and seedling development. This suggests that PATLs play a redundant and crucial role in polarity and patterning in Arabidopsis.
Polyphosphate as a donor of high-energy phosphate for the synthesis of ADP and ATP
Authors: Müller Werner E. G. , Wang Shunfeng , Neufurth Meik , Kokkinopoulou Maria , Feng Qingling , Schröder Heinz C. , Wang Xiaohong
Published: July 2017

Here, we studied the potential role of inorganic polyphosphate (polyP) as an energy source for ADP and ATP formation in the extracellular space. In SaOS-2 cells, we show that matrix vesicles are released into the extracellular space after incubation with polyP. These vesicles contain both alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and adenylate kinase (AK) activities (mediated by ALPL and AK1 enzymes). Both enzymes translocate to the cell membrane in response to polyP. To distinguish the process(es) of AMP and ADP formation during ALP hydrolysis from the ATP generated via the AK reaction, inhibition studies with the AK inhibitor A(5′)P5(5′)A were performed. We found that ADP formation in the extracellular space occurs after enzymatic ATP synthesis. After exposure to polyP, a significant increase of the ADP level was observed, which is likely to be been catalyzed by ALP. This increase is not due to an intensified ATP release via exocytosis. The ATP level in the extracellular space of SaOS-2 cells is strongly increased in response to polyP, very likely mediated by the AK. We propose that the ALP and AK enzymes are involved in the extracellular ADP and ATP synthesis.
The implementation of object-centred learning through the visual arts: Engaging students in creative, problem-based learning
Authors: Parton Anthony , Newton Douglas , Newton Lynn
Published: July 2017

Many museums now allow more opportunities for students to interact with their artefacts, often in store. At the same time, digital technologies now make it easier for those students to access information about those artefacts, interpret it, and construct and communicate their story in imaginative ways. The potential for learning about and through is evident. This article describes how this potential was realized in a collaboration between an Oriental museum and undergraduates studying a visual arts module at the University of Durham, UK. It describes some guiding educational principles, the students’ interaction with art objects, their research process and logs, and the presentation of their understandings in podcasts. Their responses achieved the aims of high levels of motivation, the construction of understandings (and their limits), imaginative communication, heightened information technology skills, and personal satisfaction. That this approach could be usefully applied elsewhere is indicated, along with some limitations.
The relevance of art-oriented processes in the formation of architects and engineers
Authors: Grech Anton
Published: July 2017

The University of Malta recently introduced a one-year Diploma Course in Design Foundation Studies with an art-oriented, artist-led, practice-based programme as a preparatory and integral part of the degree courses in Architecture and Civil/Structural Engineering. The article explains the rationale behind the introduction of this new course and its methodology. It analyses why perception, coupled with basic drawing skills, are important for students of architecture and engineering. It shows how the translation of the drawing representing the concept into a threedimensional model relates to their future work. The Sculpturehouse exercise serves as an example illustrating the relation between sculpture and architecture/engineering and the relevance of a haptic experience. Observations made by the author and other members of the academic staff of the Faculty for the Built Environment as well as communications from students who have attended the course lead to conclusions that are sustained by the results of a questionnaire.
Readings of the contemporary in art education: Simultaneity and ambivalence in video art
Authors: Pillar Analice Dutra
Published: July 2017

The article discusses how the simultaneity of actions and languages and ambivalence in ways of being and acting, present in everyday experiences, are written into audio-visual productions of contemporary art. The video art Para Dentro and the reading of this work by a group of children were analysed using discursive semiotics, as related to the effects of meaning in audio-visual texts of contemporary art, and the processes of appropriation and redefinition of images and sounds, during art education on the reading of images. Analysis of this video art highlights its articulation, through overlays, of the various languages that constitute the audio-visual text and the presentation of images and sounds ambiguously, creating effects of ambivalence. What most disturbed the children during their reading were the visual and sound ambivalences. The results indicate the need to reflect, in school, on contemporary audio-visual narratives, seeking to understand the present moment.
Consolidação e expansão das políticas de Educação Especial no Brasil: de 1930 à Constituição Federal de 1988
Authors: Soares da Silva Alves Denise , Aguilar Luis Enrique
Published: July 2017

Este artigo apresenta o percurso das políticas de Educação Especial no Brasil de 1930 a 1988. O estudo foi construído mediante a análise de referenciais normativos que contemplaram as políticas educacionais no Brasil durante este período e aponta elementos alusivos ao ensino dos alunos com deficiência, focalizando como estes referenciais associados às reivindicações sociais incidiram sobre decisões políticas e legais que resultaram em diferentes direcionamentos da modalidade Educação Especial no cenário brasileiro. Conclui-se que, ao longo do tempo, mudanças ocorridas nas políticas educacionais redefiniram o papel ocupado pela Educação Especial gerando transformações em sua organização e na estruturação de seus serviços.
Na primeira série1 aos 6 anos: as experiências das crianças/alunos e da professora/pesquisadora no ambiente escolar
Authors: Matsuzaki Juliana Wild do Vale
Published: July 2017

O artigo apresenta os resultados de uma pesquisa realizada em 2008 com crianças de uma classe do primeiro ano e buscou investigar suas experiências ao iniciarem o Ensino Fundamental aos 6anos de idade, sendo que a pesquisadora era a professora desse grupo. Insere-se no campo da construção de uma metodologia de pesquisa com crianças que concebe a infância como categoria da História e as crianças como sujeitos sociais. O material coletado consta de um Diário de Bordo e da transcrição de uma Entrevista coletiva. A análise dos dados apoia-se em categorias relacionadas aos traços da cultura escolar. Os resultados revelam aspectos interessantes sobre a transição vivida pelas crianças, em seus papéis de alunos, e evidenciam a falta que sentem de maior espaço para as brincadeiras.
How Genes Matter
Authors: Wieser Bernhard
Published: July 2017

Understanding the significance of genetic factors for our lives requires an analysis that goes beyond biological aspects. It is especially necessary to take into account how human beings relate to others and to themselves. Who we are is a result of social action and the ways in which human beings constitute themselves as subjects. Seen from this perspective, genetic medicine is a social practice that shapes how we think about us, how we conduct our behaviour and how we care for our children. This book scrutinises practices by which individuals become knowledgeable about their genes and constitute them as responsible decision makers.
Wires That Bind
Authors: Kathke Torsten
Published: July 2017

The arrival of telegraphy and railroads changed power relations throughout the world in the nineteenth century. In the Mesilla region of the American Southwest, it contributed to two distinct and rapid shifts in political and economic power from the 1850s to the 1920s. Torsten Kathke illustrates how the changes these technologies wrought everywhere could be seen at a much accelerated pace here. A local Hispano elite was replaced first by a Hispano-Anglo one, and finally a nationally oriented Anglo elite. As various groups tried to gain, hold, and defend power, the region became bound ever closer to the US economy and to the federal government.
Der Gebrauch der Jugendgewaltprävention
Authors: Kuglstatter Verena
Published: July 2017

Seit jeher nehmen Jugenddiskurse die Gestalt von Problemdiskursen an. Welche spezifische Bedeutung kommt Jugendgewaltprävention dabei zu? Verena Kuglstatter verknüpft im Anschluss an Michel Foucault Diskursanalyse mit interpretativen Verfahren und zeigt für die Schweiz, wie die Orientierung von Fachkräften Sozialer Arbeit an kriminalpolitischer Programmatik dazu führt, dass Jugendgewalt als ein problematischer und dauerhaft zu bearbeitender Gegenstand diskursiv hervorgebracht wird. Dadurch werden einerseits die Professionen sowie die generationalen Machtverhältnisse legitimiert - andererseits jedoch wird Soziale Arbeit in ihrer Autonomie beschränkt und Jugendlichen werden Möglichkeiten der Partizipation verwehrt.
Noise - Klang zwischen Musik und Lärm
Authors: Ginkel Kai
Published: July 2017

Wann wird Klang zur Musik, wann wird er als Lärm erfahren? Welche sozialen Praktiken stehen dahinter? »Noise«, eine Spielart der Klang- und Musikproduktion, die sich durch einen Fokus auf das Geräusch auszeichnet, ist prädestiniert dafür, musikalische Sinnstiftung zu untersuchen. Kai Ginkel ergründet diese, indem er Soziologie, Ethnografie und Sound Studies miteinander in Dialog bringt. Schwerpunkte seiner Studie sind Verkörperung, Raum, Konflikt sowie Wissen und Kompetenz.
Existenzieller Republikanismus
Authors: Heisterhagen Nils
Published: July 2017

Wer ist der existenzielle Republikaner? Er ist ein exemplarisches Beispiel für jemanden, der das »Wagnis der Öffentlichkeit« (Karl Jaspers) eingeht - das beste Beispiel eines Citoyens. Getrieben von einer Liebe zur Welt, die er allerdings nur durch seine Freiheit und in seinem Handeln ausdrücken kann. Gerade diese liebende Handlung ist heute gefordert - egal ob auf Demonstrationen gegen Donald Trump oder für eine gerechtere Welt, egal ob durch Parteibeitritte oder dem Schreiben von Essays für Zeitungen. Es ist Zeit, sich für eine bessere Welt einzusetzen. Nils Heisterhagen muntert zur republikanischen Freiheit auf.
Design of The Test Stand for Hydraulic Active Heave Compensation System
Authors: Jakubowski Arkadiusz , Kubacki Arkadiusz , Rybarczyk Dominik
Published: July 2017

The article presented here described the design of a test stand for hydraulic active heave compensation system. The simulation of sea waves is realized by the use of hydraulic cylinder. A hydraulic motor is used for sea waves compensation. The hydraulic cylinder and the hydraulic motor are controlled by electrohydraulic servo valves. For the measurements Authors used displacement sensor and incremental encoder. Control algorithm is implemented on the PLC. The performed tests included hydraulic actuator and hydraulic motor step responses.
Parallel Hurrian and Hittite šumma izbu Omens from Hattuša and Corresponding Akkadian Omens
Authors: Cohen Yoram
Published: July 2017

This article discusses the remains of the
A Travelling Lamaštu
Authors: Ermidoro Stefania
Published: July 2017

The article presents a study of the text and iconography of the item previously identified by Farber as “Lamaštu-Amulett Nr. 70F”. In 1989, Farber described the amulet and published its textual content by means of some photographs. Recently, however, the present author had the opportunity to inspect the same item in a private collection in Italy. The results of the new collation are provided here, including a description of the specific characteristics and technical features of the object. It is argued here that the amulet is without a doubt a modern copy, which accurately duplicates an ancient piece: at the end of the article, photos provide evidence of all the surfaces of the object.
The munus.meššu.gi and the kin Oracle
Authors: Warbinek Livio
Published: July 2017

This paper focuses on the role played by the
Processing-independent proANP measurement for low concentrations in plasma: reference intervals and effect of body mass index and plasma glucose
Authors: Mark Peter D. , Hunter Ingrid , Terzic Dijana , Goetze Jens P.
Published: July 2017

Background:

Decreased concentrations of pro-atrial-derived natriuretic peptides (proABP) in plasma have been associated with obesity and suggested as a predictor of type 2 diabetes. However, assays for measuring proANP are generally aimed to quantitate higher concentrations of proANP associated with cardiac disease. Therefore, we aimed to measure plasma proANP concentrations in a non-obese Scandinavian reference material and evaluate potential associations of plasma proANP with body mass index (BMI) and plasma glucose, respectively.

Methods:

We report an optimized processing-independent assay (PIA) for proANP in the lower concentration range. The assay was optimized by raising the amount of radioactive tracer and modifying the mixing ratio of resuspended plasma and buffer. Blood samples from a Scandinavian plasma cohort of 693 healthy subjects were then analyzed and age and gender-specific reference intervals were determined.

Results:

Simple linear regression analyses of proANP and both BMI and plasma glucose in fasting subjects displayed insignificant associations. Multiple regression analyses supported these findings. However, a higher median plasma concentration of proANP was noted among women <50 years compared to men, whereas no gender-specific differences were seen in other age groups.

Conclusions:

Our results show that in a healthy non-obese population, BMI and plasma glucose in fasting subjects do not affect plasma proANP concentrations. Our method should be considered for future studies on low proANP concentration studies, e.g. in obesity and diabetes.
The Globar War: The EU’s Apple Tax Case
Authors: Rougé Jean-François
Published: July 2017

It is often said that globalization is just a new form of war between nations; an economic war. It is also a tax war; fiscal policies are a central point of the competition for territories’ attractiveness (ROUGÉ et CHOPOV 2016). But the global tax war is not only another form of interstates conflict; it is also a brand new kind of war between global firms and state to share the burden of civil society. The aim of this paper is to clarify what is at stake in this war to be able to fight it.
Analysis of the Labor Market in the Republic of Srpska
Authors: Petrović Dragan , Duronjić Dijana , Mandić Dragan
Published: July 2017

We are witnessing that the labor market indicators of the Republic of Srpska have been deteriorating for years. Unemployment rates are up to three times higher than the already high European average, with no prospect of changing the situation in the near future. Deterioration in the labor market with respect to people younger than 30 years of age bears particular significance. There is a notable gap between the reduction of unemployment rate and the increase of employed people from this population group. The question is: Where (and whether) are the young (educated) people disappearing from the labor market of the Republic of Srpska? The authors provide an analysis of the main indicators of the Republic of Srpska’slabor market, with the aim of recognizing the main tendencies and problems existing at the market, as well as the need to define adequate measures for their resolution.
Synthesis of Conformal Phased Antenna Arrays With A Novel Multiobjective Invasive Weed Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Li Wen Tao , Hei Yong Qiang , Shi Xiao Wei
Published: July 2017

By virtue of the excellent aerodynamic performances, conformal phased arrays have been attracting considerable attention. However, for the synthesis of patterns with low/ultra-low sidelobes of the conventional conformal arrays, the obtained dynamic range ratios of amplitude excitations could be quite high, which results in stringent requirements on various error tolerances for practical implementation. Time-modulated array (TMA) has the advantages of low sidelobe and reduced dynamic range ratio requirement of amplitude excitations. This paper takes full advantages of conformal antenna arrays and time-modulated arrays. The active-element-pattern, including element mutual coupling and platform effects, is employed in the whole design process. To optimize the pulse durations and the switch-on instants of the time-modulated elements, multiobjective invasive weed optimization (MOIWO) algorithm based on the nondominated sorting of the solutions is proposed. A S-band 8-element cylindrical conformal array is designed and a S-band 16-element cylindrical-parabolic conformal array is constructed and tested at two different steering angles.
Anion and sugar recognition by 2,6-pyridinedicarboxamide bis-boronic acid derivatives
Authors: Martínez-Aguirre Mayte A. , Otero Diego Martínez , Álvarez-Hernández Magali L. , Torres-Blancas Teresa , Dorazco-González Alejandro , Yatsimirsky Anatoly K.
Published: July 2017

Two 2,6-pyridinedicarboxamide derivatives containing arylboronic acid fragments were prepared and fully characterized including X-ray crystal diffraction analysis of a pinacol ester. These compounds are potential bifunctional receptors for sugars and anions. Acid dissociation and stability constants for complexation of both receptors with glucose and fructose were determined by potentiometric titrations in aqueous DMSO. Also, binding of alizarin red S indicator was studied spectrophotometrically and a highly sensitive detection of fructose by an indicator displacement assay was proposed. Complexation with anions was studied by1H NMR titrations in DMSO-d6. Binding of acetate anion occurs only via hydrogen bonding to OH groups of boronic acid fragments and does not affect signals of NH protons but chloride anion induces large shift of the signals of NH protons and small shifts of the signals of OH groups. This behavior makes possible anion discrimination based on preference in the type of binding site rather than simply on anion basicity as is typical for majority of neutral hydrogen bonding anion receptors.