bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploring the impact of elexacaftor-tezacaftor-ivacaftor treatment on opinions regarding airway clearance techniques and nebulisers: TEMPO a qualitative study in children with cystic fibrosis, their families and healthcare professionals
Authors: Almulhem Maryam , Harnett Nuala , Graham Stephanie , Haq Iram , Visram Shelina , Ward Christopher , Brodlie Malcolm
Published: October 2022

Background

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic condition caused by variants in thecystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene that primarily impacts the lungs. Treatments historically have been symptomatic to improve airway clearance and treat infection. However, CFTR modulator drugs have recently been developed that target the underlying defect. The triple combination of elexacaftor-tezacaftor-ivacaftor (ETI) was approved in 2020 in England for over 80% of people with CF aged over 12 years and in 2022 extended to those over 6 years. ETI treatment is associated with substantial improvements in lung function. The experience of children with CF starting on ETI or their views regarding future treatments have not been well studied. This study aimed to explore the opinions of children with CF, their parents/carers and healthcare professionals (HCPs) on the impact of ETI, airway clearance techniques (ACTs) and nebulised treatments.

Methods

Semistructured qualitative interviews were performed with 10 children with CF, 7 parents/carers and 10 HCPs. Audio recordings were transcribed and analysed using reflexive thematic analysis.

Results

Four main themes were identified: ‘Kaftrio changed my life’, ‘Your entire life is dictated by the CF timetable’, ‘Simplifying treatment-hopes and fears’ and ‘Kaftrio is a game-changer’ along with several subthemes and an overarching theme of ‘I still can’t get my head around how three tablets can do what Kaftrio done’.

Conclusions

Despite the highly positive impact of ETI on the health of children with CF some concerns remain about the longer-term outcomes of reducing ACTs or nebulised treatments. ETI has prompted a shift in treatment for many and offers an opportunity to personalise approaches.
Survival, reintervention and surveillance reports: long-term, centre-level evaluation and feedback of vascular interventions
Authors: Fowler Xavier Philip , Gladders Barbara , Moore Kayla , Mao Jialin , Sedrakyan Art , Goodney Philip
Published: October 2022

The combination of registry and administrative claims data have facilitated research and quality improvement efforts. Using Vascular Quality Initiative (VQI) registry data and Medicare claims we have generated centre-specific survival, reintervention and surveillance reports which benchmark participating centres’ performance to the VQI as a whole and to published guidelines. In 2021, we distributed these reports to 303 participating centres. These reports offer an opportunity for centres to evaluate their performance and identify focus areas for quality improvement work.
The ACORNS grading scale: a novel tool for the prediction of malignant brain edema after endovascular thrombectomy
Authors: Huang Xianjun , Chen Chu , Wang Huaiming , Cai Qiankun , Li Zibao , Xu Junfeng , Yuan Lili , Xu Xiangjun , Yang Qian , Zhou Zhiming , Liu Xinfeng
Published: October 2022

Background

To develop and validate a novel tool for predicting the development of malignant brain edema (MBE) in large vessel occlusion stroke patients after endovascular thrombectomy (EVT).

Methods

We used a prospectively registered population of EVT patients from three comprehensive stroke centers. The population was randomly divided into two subsets (7:3): a training cohort and an internal validation cohort. External validation was performed using the Endovascular Treatment for Acute Anterior Circulation Ischemic Stroke Registry in China (ACTUAL) database. MBE was defined as (1) hypodense parenchyma in at least 50% of the middle cerebral artery and signs of local brain swelling, and (2) a midline shift of ≥5 mm at the septum pellucidum or pineal gland with obliteration of the basal cisterns. The model was constructed using logistic regression analysis. The performance of the model was examined in terms of discrimination and calibration.

Results

After adjusting for other confounders, baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) and Alberta Stroke Program Early CT (ASPECT) scores, a clinical history of hypertension, collateral status, intravenous thrombolysis before thrombectomy, fasting blood glucose, reperfusion status, and occlusion site were found to be independent predictors of MBE. These variables were combined to create the ACORNS grading scale. The areas under the curve in receiver operating curve analysis were 0.850 (95% CI 0.816 to 0.884), 0.874 (95% CI 0.821 to 0.926), and 0.785 (95% CI 0.740 to 0.829) for the training, internal validation, and external validation cohorts, respectively, indicating good discriminative performance in the validation cohorts.

Conclusions

The ACORNS grading scale is an accurate and easily applicable model for the prediction of the development of MBE after EVT.
STN-DBS electrode placement accuracy and motor improvement in Parkinson’s disease: systematic review and individual patient meta-analysis
Authors: Kremer Naomi I , van Laar Teus , Lange Stèfan F , Statius Muller Sijmen , la Bastide-van Gemert Sacha , Oterdoom DL Marinus , Drost Gea , van Dijk J Marc C
Published: October 2022

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) is an effective neurosurgical treatment for Parkinson’s disease. Surgical accuracy is a critical determinant to achieve an adequate DBS effect on motor performance. A two-millimetre surgical accuracy is commonly accepted, but scientific evidence is lacking. A systematic review and meta-analysis of study-level and individual patient data (IPD) was performed by a comprehensive search in MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane Library. Primary outcome measures were (1) radial error between the implanted electrode and target; (2) DBS motor improvement on the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale part III (motor examination). On a study level, meta-regression analysis was performed. Also, publication bias was assessed. For IPD meta-analysis, a linear mixed effects model was used. Forty studies (1391 patients) were included, reporting radial errors of 0.45–1.86 mm. Errors within this range did not significantly influence the DBS effect on motor improvement. Additional IPD analysis (206 patients) revealed that a mean radial error of 1.13±0.75 mm did not significantly change the extent of DBS motor improvement. Our meta-analysis showed a huge publication bias on accuracy data in DBS. Therefore, the current literature does not provide an unequivocal upper threshold for acceptable accuracy of STN-DBS surgery. Based on the current literature, DBS-electrodes placed within a 2 mm range of the intended target do not have to be repositioned to enhance motor improvement after STN-DBS for Parkinson’s disease. However, an indisputable upper cut-off value for surgical accuracy remains to be established. PROSPERO registration number is CRD42018089539.
Virtuosic craft or clerical labour: the rise of the electronic health record and challenges to physicians’ professional identity (1950–2022)
Authors: Krishnan Lakshmi , Neuss Michael
Published: October 2022

The electronic health record (EHR) is a focus of contentious debate, having become as essential to contemporary clinical practice as it is polarising. Debates about the EHR raise questions about physicians’ professional identity, the nature of clinical work, evolution of the patient/practitioner relationship, and narratives of technological optimism and pessimism. The metaphors by which clinicians stake our identities—are we historians, detectives, educators, technicians, or something else?—animate the history of the early computer-based medical record in the mid-to-late twentieth-century USA. Proponents and detractors were equally interested inwhatthe EHR revealed about clinician identity, and how it might fundamentally reshape it. This paper follows key moments in the history of the early computer-based patient record from the late 1950s to the EHR of the present day. In linking physician identity development, clinical epistemological structures, and the rise of the computer-based medical record in the USA in the mid-to-late twentieth century, we askwhythe EHR is such a polarising entity in contemporary medicine, and situate clinician/EHR tensions in a longer history of aspirational physician identity and a kind of technological optimism that soon gave way to pessimism surrounding computer-based clinical work.
Antiphospholipid-related chorea
Authors: Farag Mena , Hunt Beverley J , Andrews Thomasin C
Published: October 2022

Chorea can be associated with autoimmune diseases such as antiphospholipid syndrome and has been associated with the isolated presence of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL). Chorea is a rare neurological manifestation of antiphospholipid syndrome. The pathophysiological mechanisms underlying aPL-related chorea are still debated. One postulated mechanism is aPL or other autoantibody binding to brain-blood vessel endothelium, resulting in endothelial dysfunction secondary to a proinflammatory cascade, with sequalae of inflammation and local microthrombosis. Another postulated mechanism considers immune-mediated attack (aPL or antibasal ganglia antibodies) against specific basal ganglia epitopes. Here, we report a patient with isolated aPL-related chorea that followed a relapsing-remitting course. We highlight the role of brain metabolic imaging with fluorodeoxy glucose positron-emission tomography in the diagnostic workup of chorea and the challenges in the practical management of aPL-related chorea with symptomatic treatments.
Magnitude of illicit cigarette trade in Malaysia: empirical evidence compared with industry studies
Authors: Bui Wency Kher Thinng , Ross Hana , Mohamed Nor Norashidah
Published: October 2022

Background

The tobacco industry contends that the illicit market in Malaysia occupies 62.3% of the total cigarette market. If this is true, Malaysia has one of the largest shares of illicit cigarettes in the world.

Methods

This study employs a rigorous gap analysis to measure the size of the illicit cigarette trade in Malaysia and compare it with the industry estimates.

Findings

We found that in 2019, the illicit cigarette market share ranged from 38.2% to 52.5%, depending on assumptions with respect to consumption under-reporting, which is substantially less than the industry estimates. We found that the size of the illicit cigarette market was not driven by higher excise tax: doubling the excise tax rate from RM0.20 to RM0.40 per stick in November 2015 resulted in only a slight increase in the illicit cigarette market share and no increase in the number of illicit cigarettes in the market.

Conclusions

Therefore, a reduction in cigarette excise taxes, as suggested by the industry, will not solve the problem of illicit cigarette trade in Malaysia. Instead, the government should ratify the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control’s Protocol to Eliminate Illicit Trade in Tobacco Products and implement the strategies outlined in the protocol.
Impact of electronic cigarette and heated tobacco product on conventional smoking: an Italian prospective cohort study conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Gallus Silvano , Stival Chiara , McKee Martin , Carreras Giulia , Gorini Giuseppe , Odone Anna , van den Brandt Piet A , Pacifici Roberta , Lugo Alessandra
Published: October 2022

Objective

Debate continues about whether electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) and heated tobacco products (HTP) reduce or increase the probability of smoking, with many studies compromised by stated or unstated conflicts of interest. We undertook a longitudinal study in Italy.

Methods

3185 Italian participants aged 18–74 years provided baseline (April–May) and follow-up (November–December) responses in 2020, reporting smoking status and use of e-cigarettes and HTP. We tracked transitions over that period and reported risk ratios (RR) and corresponding 95% CIs for changes in smoking in relation to baseline use of e-cigarettes and HTPs.

Results

Never cigarette smokers who used e-cigarettes at baseline were much more likely to start smoking (compared with never users, RR 8.78; 95% CI: 5.65 to 13.65) and current HTP users (RR 5.80; 95% CI: 3.65 to 9.20). Among ex-smokers, relapse (17.2%) at follow-up was more likely among e-cigarette (RR 4.25; 95% CI: 2.40 to 7.52) and HTP users (RR 3.32; 95% CI: 2.05 to 5.37). Among current smokers at baseline, those who had continued smoking at follow-up were 85.4% overall. These were more frequently current novel product users (compared with non-users, RR 1.10; 95% CI: 1.02 to 1.19 for e-cigarette users; RR 1.17; 95% CI: 1.10 to 1.23 for HTP users).

Conclusions

Both e-cigarette and HTP use predict starting smoking and relapse, and appear to reduce smoking cessation. Due to the limited sample size within specific strata, the association with quitting smoking should be confirmed by larger prospective studies. These findings do not support the use of e-cigarettes and HTPs in tobacco control as a consumer product, at least in Italy.
First direct limit on the 334 keV resonance strength in $$^{22}$$Ne($$\alpha $$,$$\gamma $$)$$^{26}$$Mg reaction
Authors: Piatti D. , Masha E. , Aliotta M. , Balibrea-Correa J. , Barile F. , Bemmerer D. , Best A. , Boeltzig A. , Broggini C. , Bruno C. G. , Caciolli A. , Cavanna F. , Chillery T. , Ciani G. F. , Compagnucci A. , Corvisiero P. , Csedreki L. , Davinson T. , Depalo R. , Leva A. di , Elekes Z. , Ferraro F. , Fiore E. M. , Formicola A. , Fülöp Zs. , Gervino G. , Guglielmetti A. , Gustavino C. , Gyürky Gy. , Imbriani G. , Junker M. , Lugaro M. , Marigo P. , Menegazzo R. , Mossa V. , Pantaleo F. R. , Paticchio V. , Perrino R. , Prati P. , Rapagnani D. , Schiavulli L. , Skowronski J. , Stöckel K. , Straniero O. , Szücs T. , Takács M. P. , Zavatarelli S.
Published: October 2022

In stars, the fusion of $$^{22}$$

22

Ne and $$^4$$

4

He may produce either $$^{25}$$

25

Mg, with the emission of a neutron, or $$^{26}$$

26

Mg and a $$\gamma $$
γ
ray. At high temperature, the ($$\alpha ,n$$

α
,
n

) channel dominates, while at low temperature, it is energetically hampered. The rate of its competitor, the $$^{22}$$

22

Ne($$\alpha $$
α
,$$\gamma $$
γ
)$$^{26}$$

26

Mg reaction, and, hence, the minimum temperature for the ($$\alpha ,n$$

α
,
n

) dominance, are controlled by many nuclear resonances. The strengths of these resonances have hitherto been studied only indirectly. The present work aims to directly measure the total strength of the resonance at $$E_{\text {r}}$$

E
r

 = 334 keV (corresponding to $$E_{\text {x}}$$

E
x

 = 10949 keV in $$^{26}$$

26

Mg). The data reported here have been obtained using high intensity $$^4$$

4

He$$^+$$

+

beam from the INFN LUNA 400 kV underground accelerator, a windowless, recirculating, 99.9% isotopically enriched $$^{22}$$

22

Ne gas target, and a 4$$\pi $$
π
bismuth germanate summing $$\gamma $$
γ
-ray detector. The ultra-low background rate of less than 0.5 counts/day was determined using 63 days of no-beam data and 7 days of $$^4$$

4

He$$^+$$

+

beam on an inert argon target. The new high-sensitivity setup allowed to determine the first direct upper limit of 4.0$$\,\times \,$$

×

10$$^{-11}$$

-
11

eV (at 90% confidence level) for the resonance strength. Finally, the sensitivity of this setup paves the way to study further $$^{22}$$

22

Ne($$\alpha $$
α
,$$\gamma $$
γ
)$$^{26}$$

26

Mg resonances at higher energy.
Collisional Penrose process in Kerr–Taub–NUT spacetime
Authors: Zhou Chenyuan
Published: October 2022

Maximum efficiency of collisional Penrose process with spinning and non-spinning particles in Kerr–Taub–NUT spacetime has been studied. We consider three cases in detail: two massive particles collide near the horizon, one of the resulting massive particles escapes to infinity, and the other massive particle falls into the black hole; a massless particle collides with a massive particle, then the massless daughter particle escapes from the black hole to infinity, and the massive daughter particle falls into the black hole (Compton scattering); a massive particle collides with a massless particle, the massive daughter particle escapes from the black hole to infinity and the massless daughter particle falling into the horizon (inverse Compton scattering). We find that for these cases, regardless of whether particles are spinning or not, the maximum energy extraction efficiency of the collisional Penrose process always decreases as the NUT charge increases, and the energy extraction efficiency in the spinning case is always higher than that in the non-spinning case.
Minimal length, nuclear matter, and neutron stars
Authors: Prasetyo I. , Belfaqih I. H. , Wahidin A. B. , Suroso A. , Sulaksono A.
Published: October 2022

In this paper, we employ one variant of the Generalized Uncertainty Principle (GUP) model, i.e., the Kempf–Mangano–Mann (KMM) model, and discuss the impact of GUP on the EoS of nuclear and neutron star matter based on the relativistic mean field (RMF) model. We input the result in the Serrano–Liška (SL) gravity theory to discuss the corresponding Neutron Star (NS) properties. We have shown that the upper bound for the GUP parameter from nuclear matter properties is $$\beta \le 2\times 10^{-7}$$

β
≤
2
×

10

-
7

MeV$$^{-2}$$

-
2

. If we used this $$\beta $$
β
upper bound to calculate NS matter, and considering SL parameter $${\tilde{c}}$$

c
~

as an independent parameter, we have found that the upper bound for the SL parameter, which modifies the Einstein field equation, is $${\tilde{c}} \le 10^7$$

c
~

≤

10
7

m$$^2$$

2

. This beta upper bound is determined by considering the anisotropy magnitude smaller than the pressure magnitude. By employing $$\beta =2\times 10^{-7}$$

β
=
2
×

10

-
7

MeV$$^{-2}$$

-
2

and $${\tilde{c}} = 10^7$$

c
~

=

10
7

m$$^2$$

2

, we obtain the mass–radius relation that satisfies NICER data for both PSR J0740+6620 (whose mass is $$\sim 2.1M_\odot $$

∼
2.1

M
⊙

) and PSR J0030+0451 ($$M\sim 1.4M_\odot $$

M
∼
1.4

M
⊙

). Our GUP parameter upper bound perfectly matches the constraint from $$^{87}$$

87

Rb cold-atom-recoil experiment. If we consider that the same strength from the additional logarithmic term in the entropy from both GUP and SL model are dependent, for $$\beta < 2\times 10^{-7}$$

β
<
2
×

10

-
7

MeV$$^{-2}$$

-
2

, it is clear that SL parameter lower bound is $${\tilde{c}} > -16\times 10^{-34}$$

c
~

>
-
16
×

10

-
34

m$$^2$$

2

. The magnitude of this bound is $$10^{-40}$$

10

-
40

smaller than the upper bound magnitude of SL parameter considering as independent parameter i.e., $${\tilde{c}} \le 10^7$$

c
~

≤

10
7

m$$^2$$

2

.
Observational signatures of Schwarzschild-MOG black holes in scalar-tensor-vector gravity: shadows and rings with different accretions
Authors: Hu Shiyang , Deng Chen , Li Dan , Wu Xin , Liang Enwei
Published: October 2022

We study the influence of parameter$$\alpha $$αon the optical features of Schwarzschild-MOG black holes with different thin accretions in scalar-tensor-vector gravity. As$$\alpha $$αincreases from 0, the radii of the event horizon, photon sphere, and observed shadow increase in comparison with the Schwarzschild black hole. We constrain the parameter$$\alpha $$αwith the experimental data reported by the Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration for M87$$^{*}$$∗and Sagittarius A$$^{*}$$∗. In the situation of spherical accretions, we unveil that the parameter$$\alpha $$αhas a positive effect on the shadow size but a negative effect on the observed specific intensities. Considering that the Schwarzschild-MOG black hole is surrounded by an optical and geometrically thin accretion disk, we find that the total observed specific intensities are mainly contributed by the direct emissions, while the photon rings and lensed rings provide small contributions. It is also found that with the increase of$$\alpha $$α, the black hole shadow expands, the photon rings and lensed rings become larger and thicker. Besides, we emphasize that the boundary of the observed shadow cast by the aim black hole in the disk accretion scenario is determined by the direct emissions rather than the photon ring emissions. Consequently, we unveil that there is a linear relationship involving the critical impact parameter and the starting point of the direct emissions. This finding helps to use the experimental results of the Event Horizon Telescope to infer the critical impact parameter and to test General Relativity.
High kinetic energy-ion mobility spectrometry-mass spectrometry investigations of several volatiles and their fully deuterated analogues
Authors: Weiss Florentin , Eiceman Gary , Märk Tilmann D. , Mayhew Chris A. , Ruzsanyi Veronika , Schaefer Christoph , Zimmermann Stefan
Published: October 2022

The first High Kinetic Energy-Ion Mobility Spectrometry-Mass Spectrometry (HiKE-IMS-MS) studies involving six volatiles (acetone, acetonitrile, methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, and 1-butanol) and their fully deuterated analogues are reported. The goal is to further our understanding of the ion–molecule chemistry occurring in the HiKE-IMS. This is needed for its full analytical potential to be reached. Product ions are identified as a function of the reduced electric field (30–115 Td) and the influence of sample air humidity in the reaction region on deuterium/hydrogen (D/H) exchange reactions is discussed. Reagent ions include H3O+(H2O)m (n = 0, 1, 2 or 3), NO+(H2O)n (m = 0 or 1) and O2+·. Reactions with H3O+(H2O)m lead to protonated monomers (through either proton transfer or ligand switching). Reactions with NO+ involve association with acetone and acetonitrile, hydride anion abstraction from ethanol, 2-propanol, and 1-butanol, and hydroxide abstraction from 2-propanol and 1-butanol. With the exception of acetonitrile, O2+· predominantly reacts with the volatiles via dissociative charge transfer. A number of sequential secondary ion-volatile processes occur leading to the formation of dimer and trimer-containing ion species, whose intensities depend on a volatile’s concentration and the reduced electric field in the reaction region. Deuterium/hydrogen (D/H) exchange does not occur for product ions from acetone-d6 and acetonitrile-d3, owing to their inert methyl functional groups. For the deuterated alcohols, rapid D/H-exchange reaction at the hydroxy group is observed, the amount of which increased with the increasing humidity of the sample air and/or lowering of the reduced electric field.

Graphical abstract
Baum-Bott residue of flags of holomorphic distributions
Authors: Ferreira da Silva Antonio Marcos , Lourenço Fernando
Published: October 2022

In this work, we extend the residue theory from flag of holomorphic foliations to flag of holomorphic distributions and we provide an effective way to calculate this class in certain cases. As a consequence, we show that if we consider a flag [Formula: see text] of holomorphic distributions on [Formula: see text], we get a relation between the degrees of the distributions in the flag, the tangency order of distributions, the Euler character characteristic and the degree of the curve [Formula: see text].
Problems and considerations about the injection philosophy and timing structure for CEPC
Authors: Wang Dou , Cui Xiaohao , Li Meng , Chen Jinhui , Lei Ge , Li Gang , Meng Cai , Zhang Jingru , Zhai Jiyuan , Gao Jie , Yu Chenghui , Li Yuhui , Zhang Yuan , Xin Tianmu , Zhou Zusheng , Li Xiaoping
Published: October 2022

This paper describes the injection philosophy and the design of timing and filling scheme for the high luminosity Circular Electron and Positron Collider (CEPC) scheme under different energy modes. It is found that the RF frequency choice in Conceptual Design Report (CDR) cannot meet the injection requirements for the bunch number at the Z pole. A modified scheme was proposed to support the design luminosity, which basically meets our current design requirements and retains more flexibility for a future high-luminosity upgrade.
Status and prospects of TPC module and prototype at high luminosity Z physics on CEPC
Authors: Yu Liwen , Qi Huirong , Chang Yue , Dai Hongliang , Yuan Zhiyang , Zhang Jian , Wu Ye , Zhang Hongyu , Chen Yuanbo , Liu Kuiyong , Cai Yiming , Deng Zhi , Li Yulan , Gong Hui
Published: October 2022

The Circular Electron–Positron Collider (CEPC) has been proposed as a Higgs and high luminosity [Formula: see text] factory for the last few years in China. To achieve the high precision physical goals at CEPC, the high resolution ([Formula: see text]) tracker for the particle track reconstruction and particle identification are demanded. Time Projection Chamber (TPC) is one of the main concept proposal of the central tracker detector in very large 3D volume, it has an excellent performance on the moment measurement, [Formula: see text] measurement and the spatial resolution. The simulation results were given when the TPC detector will operate at the high luminosity [Formula: see text] pole at the future [Formula: see text] circular collider. The pixelated readout TPC is a potential option to replace the traditional pad readout with the low gain, low occupancy, and outstanding pattern recognition. In the last several years, a TPC module, the readout electronics and prototype for the specific requirements have been developed at the Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP). TPC module will could suppress the ions in chamber continuously running in the different gains (2000–5000) under T2K mixture gases. A TPC prototype with [Formula: see text] active area G detector module integrated the narrow 266[Formula: see text]nm UV laser tracks along the drift length of 500[Formula: see text]mm, and the low power consumption ([Formula: see text]) Application-Specific Integrated Circuits (ASIC) chip including analog to digital converter (ADC) function has been developed too. The update results of the spatial resolution has been obtained after some experimental studies have been done by the TPC prototype.
Delay Boundary Analysis of RC Flows in the TTE Switch
Authors: Xu Wei , Lu Ruiqi , Peng Fei , Li Ran , Lei Jianmei , Xie Guoqi
Published: October 2022

With the rapid development of advanced driver assistance systems (ADASs) and infotainment systems, automotive networks have higher requirements for bandwidth and real-time than before. Time-triggered Ethernet (TTE) supports real-time time-triggered communication and event-triggered communication coexistence. TTE is used as a backbone network in intelligent connected vehicles to meet the growing real-time and reliability requirements. To design a real-time TTE switch, the time delay of data streams needs to be analyzed. Most of the recent works analyze end-to-end latency, which is usually based on a particular integration policy and ignores the impact of BE flows. In this paper, we analyze the delay bounds of RC flows in the TTE switch using delay reachability techniques. We consider the impacts of TT flows, RC flows and BE flows on RC flows based on three integration policies: shuffling, preemption and timely blocking, respectively. We obtain a secure upper limit of delay through analysis. Experiments illustrate the degree of influence of each factor on the delay bound of RC flow, which provides a reference for the optimal design of the TTE switch in intelligent connected vehicles.
Distributed Logistics Resources Allocation with Blockchain, Smart Contract, and Edge Computing
Authors: Chen Junhua , Zhang Jiatong , Pu Chenggen , Wang Ping , Wei Min , Hong Seungho
Published: October 2022

The traditional centralized logistics resources allocation method can no longer adapt to the new business model of decentralized e-commerce, requiring transaction security for all parties involved in the logistics process. Utilizing blockchain and smart contract technologies to build logistics resources allocation network foundation and edge computing technology to assist the resource-constrained transport nodes in implementing complex computation, this paper proposes a distributed logistics resources allocation chain (DLRAChain) concept and designs a DLRAChain network that supports independent decision-making, fair bidding, and secure allocation of interests for all resources allocation participants. The corresponding system models are constructed according to the different roles of DLRAChain participants. Furthermore, the logistics resources requester–provider negotiation process is formulated as a two-stage Stackelberg game. To resolve the optimization problem of the game, the iterative game algorithm (IGA) and distributed logistics resources allocation algorithm (DLRAA) are proposed. Finally, the utility of warehouse and transport nodes and reward of mobile edge computing (MEC) nodes are analyzed with experimental simulation results. The results demonstrate that the proposed models adequately address the DLRA problem, and that the proposed game and corresponding algorithms efficiently achieve the optimal strategy, saving the response time of resources allocation participants.
CCII-Based Lossless Floating Frequency-Dependent Negative Resistor with Minimum Passive Elements
Authors: Yucehan Tolga , Yuce Erkan , Dicle Zafer
Published: October 2022

This paper proposes a new lossless floating frequency-dependent negative resistor (FDNR). The proposed floating FDNR circuit is designed with two dual output second-generation current conveyors (DO-CCIIs) and a minimum number of passive elements. The first DO-CCII behaves like a minus-type second-generation current conveyor, while the other is modified DO-CCII. The proposed floating FDNR does not require any passive element matching conditions, but all the passive elements are floating. The simulations are made through the SPICE program. A second-order high-pass filter (HPF) is given as an application example. In addition, some experimental results are included for the second-order HPF in which AD844s are utilized.
Simulating air blast on concrete structures using the volumetric penalty coupling of isogeometric analysis and peridynamics
Authors: Shende Shaunak , Behzadinasab Masoud , Moutsanidis Georgios , Bazilevs Yuri
Published: October 2022

A stabilized Isogeometric formulation of compressible flows is coupled to a large-deformation inelastic solid with an M7 Microplane constitutive model of concrete failure discretized in the framework of correspondence-based Peridynamics with bond-associated stabilization. The fluid–structure interaction (FSI) coupling makes use of a simple volumetric penalty technique that enables effective handling of the solid fracture and fragmentation. The capabilities of the FSI framework presented are demonstrated, in 3D, for point-charge detonation on concrete slabs. Slabs of varying thicknesses are simulated to capture the typical behavior of concrete under blast loading scenarios.
A Vaidya-type spacetime with no singularities
Authors: Culetu Hristu
Published: October 2022

A regular Vaidya-type line-element is proposed in this work. The mass function depends both on the temporal and the spatial coordinates. The curvature invariants and the source stress tensor [Formula: see text] are finite in the whole space. The energy conditions for [Formula: see text] are satisfied if [Formula: see text], where k is a positive constant and v, r are coordinates. It is found that the radial pressure has a maximum very close to [Formula: see text]. The energy crossing a sphere of constant radius is akin to Lundgren–Schmekel–York quasilocal energy. The Newtonian acceleration of the timelike geodesics has an extra term (compared to the result of Piesnack and Kassner) which leads to rejecting effects.
A new approach for the equation of state of pure neutron matter using the quantum second virial coefficient with the Reid-93 soft-core potential
Authors: Al-Masarweh Remah Y. , Ghassib Humam B. , Sandouqa Ayman S.
Published: October 2022

In this work, a new approach is presented for determining the equation of state for pure neutron matter. This is valid in the temperature- and density-regime where the system behaves like a nonideal gas. Further, the calculations involved are confined to the nonrelativistic and low-energy ([Formula: see text] 150 MeV) regime. The approach is based on evaluating the quantum second virial coefficient [Formula: see text] of the system, where the input potential is the Reid-93 soft-core potential for [Formula: see text], together with the one-pion-exchange potential (OPEP) for higher [Formula: see text]. The many-body phase shifts are determined within the framework of a generalized scattering theory, taken here as the Galitskii–Migdal–Feynman formalism. The integral equations involved are solved using a highly-accurate matrix-inversion method. These medium phase shifts are then inserted in the Beth–Uhlenbeck formula to determine [Formula: see text]. Once this coefficient has been calculated, other thermophysical properties of the system can be readily computed according to standard expressions. Specifically, these properties include the equation of state (pressure–temperature–density relations), Helmholtz (free) energy, entropy, mean internal energy, specific heat capacity and chemical potential. Our results are compared, whenever possible, to those of previous calculations. The agreement is, on the whole, fair considering that the available calculations vary considerably among themselves.
Algebraic central limit theorems: A personal view on one of Wilhelm’s legacies
Authors: Skeide Michael
Published: October 2022

Bringing forward the concept of convergence in moments from classical random variables to quantum random variables leads to what can be called algebraic central limit theorem for (classical and) quantum random variables. I reflect in a very personal way how such an idea is typical for the spirit of doing research in mathematics as I learned it in Wilhelm von Waldenfels’s research group in Heidelberg.
Derivations of Köthe echelon algebras of order zero and infinity
Authors: Piszczek Krzysztof
Published: October 2022

We characterize — in terms of the Köthe matrix — amenable Köthe echelon algebras of order zero and infinity.
Optimal Vibration Control Design of Antenna Mast on Super High-Rising Structures Against Multi-Hazards of Earthquake and Wind
Authors: Li Hong-Nan , Liu Can-Hua , Li Chao
Published: October 2022

Antenna mast structures are usually set on top of modern super high-rising structures to meet the requirements of communication and aesthetics, and such buildings are highly sensitive to horizontal loads that can greatly increase the acceleration and displacement responses during their life-cycles owing to the inherent high flexibility and low damping. As a result, the antenna masts with small mass and stiffness may suffer serious whiplash effect under the earthquake or wind excitations. In this paper, a multi-hazard protective system with hybrid isolated and energy-dissipated devices of isolation bearing, viscous damper and mild steel damper is presented for the typical inserted antenna mast structures on super high-rising structures. To determine the optimum parameters of the hybrid system that maximize the structural control efficiency under a single hazard of earthquake or wind load, as well as the coupled conditions of these two hazards, an optimization method based on the genetic algorithm is developed for the presented hybrid control system to resist various hazard scenarios. Objective functions are further proposed to penalize the accelerations and relative displacements at the top of the antenna mast structure. Taking a super-tall TV tower as an example, the OpenSeesPy platform is employed to establish the finite element (FE) model. The numerical results show that the optimization scheme for the hybrid energy-dissipated antenna mast system under a single hazard is not suitable for the other hazard condition, while the optimized results for the multi-hazard condition can give consideration to the effects of both earthquake and wind. Moreover, the sensitive analysis is performed to investigate the effects of each parameter of the hybrid system on the objective functions. It can be concluded that the proposed hybrid system performs well under earthquake, wind and coupled multi-hazards, which is of practical significance for the vibration control of antenna masts on super high-rising structures.
Optimization Exploration on Impact Resistance of Bionic Sandwich Panel Inspired by the Appendage Structure
Authors: Wang Yang , Xu Shucai , Yang Xin , Huang Binbing , Song Jiafeng , Li Shaopeng
Published: October 2022

Sandwich panel is a widely used protective component, this paper designs Bidirectionally Arranged Bionic sandwich Panel (BABP) and Unidirectionally Arranged Bionic sandwich Panel (UABP) according to the appendage of Odontodactylus scyllarus. Meanwhile, Triangular sandwich Panel (TP), Corrugated sandwich Panel (CP) and Elliptical arc sandwich Panel (EP) are accordingly designed as a comparison. Hyperworks and LS-DYNA are used to simulate the impact conditions, and the drop-weight test shows that the finite element simulation is reliable. Bionic sandwich panels have excellent protective effect at the impact velocity of 6–14[Formula: see text]m/s. UABP has the best comprehensive impact resistance by comparing the deformation, specific energy absorption (SEA) and peak force (PF) of the five kinds of sandwich panels under five impact velocities. Parameter analysis and response surface optimization work based on orthogonal experiments are carried out for UABP, the results are that the wall thickness [Formula: see text] and the triangle-width ratio [Formula: see text] have extremely significant influences on the SEA, and the order of influence is [Formula: see text]; the wall thickness [Formula: see text] and the arc-width ratio [Formula: see text] have extremely influences on PF, and the triangle-width ratio [Formula: see text] has a significant influence on PF, and the order of influence is [Formula: see text]. Both the errors about SEA and PF of the optimal solutions are less than 5%. The comprehensive evaluation index of the optimal UABP is larger than that of sandwich panels by 29.15%, 52.61%, 65.64%, 40.5%. This research is expected to provide new perspectives on the design of sandwich panels.
Nonlinear Dynamics of a Beam Subjected to a Moving Mass and Resting on a Viscoelastic Foundation Using Optimal Homotopy Analysis Method
Authors: Javidi Reza , Rezaei Behnam , Moghimi Zand Mahdi
Published: October 2022

Studying the dynamics of beams subjected to a moving mass is important due to their wide applications, including railways, machining processes, and microelectromechanical systems (MEMS). Various numerical and analytical approaches have been used for modeling such structures. In this analytical study, we have used a combination of the Optimal homotopy analysis method (Optimal HAM) and enriched multiple scales (MS) to analytically study the dynamics of a simply supported Euler–Bernoulli beam traversed by a moving mass and resting on a viscoelastic foundation. The viscoelastic foundation contributes to the modeling by adding a linear and nonlinear term to the formulation. Further, we have considered a fifth-order nonlinear term to account for the bending vibration of the flexible beam. Using the Galerkin method, we have formed the corresponding ordinary differential equation (ODE). Then, we used the enriched MS Optimal HAM to calculate the dynamic response of the beam. After validating our method by comparing our results with the dynamic results of the beam obtained from finite element analysis (FEA), we investigated the effects of the determining parameters on the beam dynamic response. The effects of the foundation nonlinear and linear terms, the moving load weight, and its velocity have been investigated by studying the variation of the normalized beam lateral deflection versus the normalized moving mass instantaneous position in each case. We showed that the difference between linear and nonlinear modeling results is pronounced, and it becomes more pronounced for faster and heavier moving loads.
A Minimum Discrepancy Method for Weibull Distribution Parameter Estimation
Authors: Xie Liyang , Wu Ningxiang , Yang Xiaoyu
Published: October 2022

The most applied principles for parameter estimation are maximum likelihood and least square error. This paper presents a new principle with regard to the parameter estimation of the three-parameter Weibull distribution. By transforming the cumulative distribution function, constructed is a mapping from the value of the random variable and its corresponding cumulative distribution probability to the scale parameter. The scale parameter estimated by such a mapping is the random variable value and the corresponding cumulative distribution probability dependent when the shape parameter and/ or location parameter applied in the mapping is subject to error. Given a set of random variable values or a set of sample values, a larger error in the shape/location parameter brings about larger differences between the scale parameter values obtained with the individual random variable values or sample values, respectively. Based on such a causal relationship between the discrepancy and the shape/ location parameter value applied in the mapping relation, a new parameter estimation method is proposed. For the Weibull distribution parameter estimation according to a set of sample values, the right shape parameter and location parameter are those minimizing the discrepancy between the scale parameter values obtained with the individual sample values, respectively. Case studies demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms the maximum likelihood method and the Weibull plot-based least squares method.
Drazin inverse and generalization of core-nilpotent decomposition
Authors: Varkady Savitha , Kelathaya Umashankara , Karantha Manjunatha Prasad
Published: October 2022

The Drazin inverse is connected with the notion of index and core-nilpotent decomposition whenever it is discussed in the context of ring of matrices over complex field. In the absence of Drazin inverse for a given element from an arbitrary associative ring (not necessarily with unity), in this paper, the notion of right (left) core-nilpotent decomposition has been introduced and established its relations with right (left) [Formula: see text]-regular property. In fact, the class of such decomposition has been characterized. In case of regular ring, observed that an element is right (left) [Formula: see text]-regular if and only if it has a right (left) core-nilpotent decomposition. In the process, several properties of sharp order in an associative ring are studied and with the help of the same, new characterizations of Drazin inverse over an associative ring are obtained and the relation between core-nilpotent decomposition and the Drazin inverse is obtained.
Potential Nondominance in Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis
Authors: Podinovski Vladislav , Nelyubin Andrey
Published: October 2022

In this paper, we consider multi-criteria decision-making problems of selecting the best decision alternative in which the preferences of the decision maker are given in the form of quasi-orders. If the decision maker’s preferences are modeled by a family of complete quasi-orders (in particular, by a parametric family of additive value functions) then a common approach to solving such problems is based on the notion of potential optimality. In this paper, we consider the case in which the decision maker’s preferences are modeled by a family of incomplete quasi-orders. We suggest a new approach to selecting decision alternatives by introducing the notion of potential nondominated alternatives. Such alternatives can be regarded as candidates for the best alternative. We investigate properties of the sets of potential nondominated alternatives and, for the case of a parametric family of partial quasi-orders, we develop a method of their identification. Our development is illustrated by numerical examples.
Measurable functional calculi and spectral theory in the reflexive Banach spaces
Authors: Yaremenko Mykola Ivanovich
Published: October 2022

In this paper, we consider the spectral theory. More precisely, we study the spectral families and their corresponding operators on reflexive Banach spaces. Assume [Formula: see text] is a well-bounded operator on reflexive Lebesgue spaces then the operator [Formula: see text] is a scalar-type spectral operator. We establish that if a weak spectral family [Formula: see text] is concentrated on [Formula: see text] then there exists a linear well-bounded operator [Formula: see text] on the reflexive Banach space [Formula: see text], such that [Formula: see text] holds for all [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. We prove that by assuming [Formula: see text] is a functional calculus on the measurable space [Formula: see text], then there are a semi-finite measure space [Formula: see text] and solitary operator [Formula: see text], and an injective pointwise continuous *-homomorphism [Formula: see text], such that [Formula: see text] holds for any operator of the multiplication [Formula: see text] that multiplies by function [Formula: see text].
Multiplicative Jordan n-higher derivations on alternative rings containing idempotents
Authors: Kawa Ab Hamid , Hasan S. N. , Wani B. A.
Published: October 2022

Suppose [Formula: see text] is an alternative ring containing a non-trivial idempotent and [Formula: see text] be a mapping from [Formula: see text] into itself. In this paper, we study the Jordan n-higher derivations on alternative rings and prove that under some mild conditions every multiplicative Jordan n-higher derivations on [Formula: see text] is additive. It is to be noted that the similarity to the notions is only in its written form, but not in its theoretical structures, because the Pierce decomposition used in the results for alternative rings is the generalization of the Pierce decomposition for associative rings.
Political Ideas of FDI Regime in the Narendra Modi Government
Authors: SHIN SOJIN
Published: October 2022

How do political determinants affect economic outcomes? How have neoliberal ideas been materialized in promoting foreign direct investment (FDI) under the Narendra Modi government in India? This study explains how the political determinants have affected FDI inflows facilitating the risk-minimizing environment for investors, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. It investigates Modi’s political beliefs in governance, which promoted neoliberal ideas and FDI deregulation. It further explores how Modi’s political ideas have accelerated the institutional change in the FDI regime.
WPAD: Waiting Patiently for an Announced Disaster
Authors: Boulila Elyssa , Dacier Marc
Published: October 2022

The Web Proxy Auto-Discovery protocol (
wpad

1

) is widely used despite being flawed. Its purpose is to enable a client machine to autonomously identify an appropriate proxy, if any, to connect to. This can be useful in corporate networks, for example. Its vulnerabilities range from enabling an attacker to execute code remotely on client machines, to carry out SSL MITM attacks, to subvert Windows NTLM authentication, or even to steal Google authentication tokens. Several publications, talks, and blog posts have tried to raise awareness about some of these security issues. 23 distinct CVEs have been published. Nevertheless,
wpad
runs by default on Windows machines, and most users are unaware of its existence. Our goal is to offer within a single publication a survey of all the known vulnerabilities surrounding
wpad
, a presentation of some novel threats related to this protocol, as well as a description of mitigation and detection techniques to prevent the exploitation of its vulnerabilities. We hope that this publication will be an eye opener for all those concerned with the security of their networks and that the offered mitigation techniques will help them to deal with the numerous threats that
wpad
brings to their environments.