bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Preissenkung und Kompensation auf dem EU-Milchmarkt
Authors: Loy Jens-Peter , Steinhagen Carsten
Published: August 2024

Soon after the 2003 reform of the Common Agricultural Policy, milk farmers started protesting against low milk prices. Though farmers gained public attention and sympathy for their case, the compensation payments included in the reform package are never part of the debate. Thus, only the income-decreasing side of the reform is pointed out. We empirically investigate to what extent the income reduction for dairy farmers is covered by the increased farm area payments in the 2003 reform. A comparison of milk prices prior to and after the 2003 reform indicates significant overcompensation. This comparison ignores the impact of world market price changes. Considering these by a vector error correction model leads to opposite results. Thus, up to now farmers are by far not compensated for the income loss generated by the price reduction in the 2003 reform.
Milk quota expiry impacts and sensitivity analyses using the CAPSIM model
Authors: Witzke Heinz Peter , Tonini Axel
Published: August 2024

Various scenarios for an expiry of European Union milk quotas are analysed with the Common Agricultural Policy SIMulation (CAPSIM) model. This comparative-static, partial equilibrium modelling tool covering the whole of agriculture for all EU member states has been disaggregated to represent nine secondary dairy products. Impacts are compared to a reference run where the 2003 Common Agricultural Policy Reform is projected into the future. The main milk quota expiry scenario is for 2020. Key results are that milk production would increase by 3.0% in EU-27 whereas milk prices would drop by 7.2%. The resulting decline in butter prices is shown to be larger if EU authorities cannot rely on export subsidies for market management. The regional pattern of impacts is strongly determined by the specification of quota rents. Furthermore, details of intra EU price transmission are shown to influence the differences between Member States. An applied welfare analysis of the main expiry scenario gives a significant redistribution from EU-27 farmers and much less from taxpayers to dairies and final consumers. The estimated small positive overall welfare gain would increase in a situation without export subsidies.
Dairy chain competitiveness in EU’s new member states, candidate and potential candidate countries
Authors: Van Berkum Siemen
Published: August 2024

This comparative analysis of structures and performances of the dairy supply chain in 20 south-eastern and eastern European countries shows that even after many years of structural change, the sector is still dominated by small-scale and subsistence farming, which results in weak vertical integration in all countries except the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Cyprus and Malta. Industry performances indicate positive tendencies in the Baltic States and Poland, while the sector faces serious difficulties in others. In Romania, Bulgaria and all (potential) candidate countries, the industry has immense problems complying with food quality and safety standards. Vast investments are needed in all parts of the supply chain to increase productivity and improve the quality of products. A major restructuring of the supply chain is expected in upcoming years.
20 years of transition in agriculture: What has been achieved? Where are we heading? Findings of the 2009 IAMO Forum in Halle June 17-19, 2009
Authors: Schaft Franziska , Balmann Alfons
Published: August 2024

No summary available.
Market power on the edge? An analysis of the German and Hungarian hog markets
Authors: Bakucs Lajos Zoltán , Fertő Imre , Hockmann Heinrich , Perekhozhuk Oleksandr
Published: August 2024

A structural market model is estimated to analyse the impact of market power on resource allocation in the German and Hungarian pork markets. The regression analyses suggest that market power exists, although on a relatively low level. Moreover, the estimates show that processors might pursue Cournot strategies. In addition, we observe that the market power of processors in the German hog sector is decreasing, while in the Hungarian sector it is increasing. These results are consistent with the structural developments in pork production and pork processing.
Estimating internal transaction costs: the case of corporate dairy farms in Russia’s Moscow oblast
Authors: Svetlov Nikolai
Published: August 2024

The paper develops a methodological framework for estimating internal transaction costs from observed input-output mixes and prices. The empirical model is a modified DEA. This framework is applied to corporate dairy farms located in Russia’s Moscow oblast. The estimates provided that internal transaction costs significantly distort the allocation of marketable output and in addition hamper the evolution of more efficient farm structures. Cutting the internal transaction costs should be a priority of regional and federal agricultural development.
Former Central European Free Trade Agreement countries’ agri-food trade specialisation
Authors: Bojnec Štefan , Fertő Imre
Published: August 2024

The paper evaluates agri-food trade competitiveness and specialisation patterns of the former Central European Free Trade Agreement (CEFTA-7) countries compared with the European Union (EU-15) from 1995-2007. Agri-food trade specialisation stability and duration are investigated by main agri-food product groups according to the degree of product processing and dynamics in the demand growth exhibited by the EU-15 market. Except for Poland and Hungary, the former CEFTA-7 countries face a trade deficit in agri-food products with the EU-15 markets. The former CEFTA-7 agri-food exports to EU-15 markets are specialised towards higher-value, processed, consumer-ready food as a result of agri-food sector restructuring and integration to more competitive EU markets. The former CEFTA-7 agri-food export specialisation towards the EU-15 markets’ most demanded products is also revealed. The results confirm that EU integration increases size of trade, stability, and the duration of former CEFTA-7 agri-food trade products on EU-15 markets.
Evidence on Euromediterranean Trade Integration: The Case of German Olive Oil Imports
Authors: Kavallari Aikaterini , Maas Sarah , Schmitz P. Michael
Published: August 2024

The deepening of the Barcelona Agreement and the discussions of the creation of a Mediterranean Union has awakened the interest of the non-EU Mediterranean countries to expand their exports to the European markets. This study analyses the factors that influence the German imports of olive oil by employing a gravity model. The results of two random-effects models corrected for serial correlation and heteroskedasticity suggest that being a Mediterranean Partner Country of the European Union has the highest impact on trade flows to Germany, thus supporting further Euromediterranean trade integration. Moreover, olive oil exports to Germany are positively related to the existence of direct marketing channels and to tourism. Therefore, these valuables should be explored more in the future by the Mediterranean countries so as to boost their exports. Key words: Euromediterranean trade integration; gravity model; olive oil; Germany
Wille, Olaf (2006): Interaktionsmanagement im landwirtschaftlichen Wertschöpfungsnetzwerk – dargestellt am Beispiel der Zuckerrüben-Saatgutdistribution.
Authors: Kühl Rainer
Published: August 2024

Dieser Artikel ist nur in deutscher Sprache verfügbar.
The article is only available in German language.
Analysing the Effect of Decoupling on Agricultural Production: Evidence from Irish Dairy Farms using the Olley and Pakes Approach
Authors: Kazukauskas Andrius , Newman Carol , Thorne Fiona
Published: August 2024

Recent reform of the Common Agricultural Policy has led to the decoupling of direct payments to farmers from production. This policy change is expected to make farmers’ production decisions more market oriented as their subsidy revenue maximization objectives become profit maximizing objectives. In this paper we explore the impact of decoupling on the productivity of Irish dairy farms using a modified version of Olley and Pakes methodology for productivity estimation. We isolate the effect of decoupling on productivity by controlling for other policy changes that have occurred alongside decoupling. We also explore the effect that uncertainties associated with increased price volatility may have had on farmers’ decisions in the post-decoupled period.
Coordination and Differentiation of Strategies: The Impact on Farm Growth of Strategic Interaction on the Rental Market for Land
Authors: Margarian Anne
Published: August 2024

Among the family farms in Western Germany, regional differences in farm-development strategies can be observed. The land market has been identified in the literature as crucial for farm growth. In various studies, developments are driven by assumptions about the effects of scale and the initial heterogeneity of farms. In contrast, the present paper focuses on the potential role of opportunistic and future behaviour for the development of different farm strategies. In order to demonstrate the potentially crucial role of strategic behaviour, we introduce a thought experiment and focus on the theoretical case of identical farms. In the light of ideas from theories about oligopolistic markets, two central problems of decision-making are identified: the coordination problem of farm exits and the problem of strategic choices made by the remaining farms. This paper supplements explanations that argue on the basis of farms’ heterogeneity in that it offers an approach to the question of why farms might not overcome their short-term constraints in order to realise strategic advantages in competition.
Möglichkeiten und Grenzen der wissenschaftlichen Politikanalyse Programm der 50. Jahrestagung der GEWISOLA 29.09. bis 01.10.2010, Johann Heinrich von Thünen-Institut (vTI) Braunschweig
Authors: GJAE
Published: August 2024

Dieser Artikel ist nur in deutscher Sprache verfügbar.
The article is only available in German language.
Der Markt für Fleisch und Fleischprodukte
Authors: Efken Josef , Haxsen Gerhard , Pelikan Janine , Hortmann-Scholten Albert
Published: August 2024

Dieser Artikel ist nur in deutscher Sprache verfügbar.
The article is only available in German language.
Laudatio auf Prof. Dr. Stefan Tangermann aus Anlass seiner Verabschiedung in den Ruhestand
Authors: Grethe Harald
Published: August 2024

Dieser Artikel ist nur in deutscher Sprache verfügbar.
The article is only available in German language.
OECD’s work on agricultural policy: A bridge between research and government
Authors: Cahill Carmel
Published: August 2024

The role of the OECD in linking the research and policy communities is described as well as the processes whereby OECD member countries scrutinize the work undertaken. A major project on decoupling of agricultural policy measures is used to illustrate the approaches and processes used. Attention is drawn to gaps in data or analysis, from the point of view of the needs of policy-makers. Areas of priority interest for policy research in the future are explored.
The Relevance of Certification Marks and Geographical Indications when buying Beef – Results of a Representative Consumer Study in Bavaria
Authors: Profeta Adriano , Balling Richard , Will Sabine
Published: August 2024

While for the time period 1995 to 1998 significant and positive welfare effects and a consumer willingness-to-pay could be measured for the origin and certification mark “Qualität aus Bayern” there is a new situation after the BSE crisis due to changes of several impact factors. In the framework of this paper we analyze if certification marks still have relevance when buying beef. For this purpose we conduct an empirical consumer study in Bavaria. At this we focus on the label “Geprüfte Qualität Bayern”, the denomination Bavarian Beef which is meanwhile registered as protected geographical indication (PGI) according to regulation (EC) 510/06 and the label “Qualität und Sicherheit” (QS). The results show significant but varying effects for all analyzed labellings.
Hoag, Dana L. (ed.) (2010): Applied Risk Management in Agriculture.
Authors: Hirschauer Norbert
Published: August 2024

No summary available.
Agricultural and Environmental Policies from an Institutional Economics Perspective: a Method for Ex-ante Policy Assessment
Authors: Schleyer Christian , Theesfeld Insa
Published: August 2024

Ex-ante impact assessment of agricultural, environmental, and rural policies has become an integral part of political decision-making processes in the European Union. While a variety of agri-environmental modelling tools exists which are able to predict social, economic, and ecological consequences of policies, there are no standardised ex-ante policy assessment tools capturing the institutional dimension. In this paper, we introduce a procedure for ex-ante modelling institutional aspects for policy implementation. PICA (Procedure for Institutional Compatibility Assessment) is a systematic methodology to assess the institutional compatibility of policy options with the respective national and regional institutional contexts. PICA has been designed as an explorative, yet formalised methodology that enables policy-makers to identify, at an early stage, potential institutional incompatibilities. After a brief introduction of the concept of institutional compatibility for policy assessment, the four distinct steps of PICA are elaborated. Subsequently, the practical and empirical processes as well as the results of the application of PICA for the (in the year 2007) planned implementation of the EU-Nitrate Directive in the Département Puy-de-Dôme in the Auvergne, France, will be presented. In the conclusions we stress PICA’s explorative character and give an outlook on the further methodological development of the procedure.
Non-parametric Risk-adjusted Efficiency Measurement: An Application to Pig Fattening in Germany
Authors: Tiedemann Torben , Breustedt Gunnar , Latacz-Lohmann Uwe
Published: August 2024

This paper presents two approaches to integrating risk into Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). The risk-adjusted DEA models are applied to a balanced panel of 278 farms with alternative degrees of specialisation in pig fattening. Both models explicitly take account of output risk in determining efficient benchmarks. Output risk is measured and included in both models as standard deviation of total farm gross margin but different assumptions are formulated with respect to the correlation of the output among observations. Contrasting the results of the two risk-adjusted models to those of the standard DEA model reveals significant differences in efficiency scores. The empirical results support the hypothesis that farms with a low degree of specialisation in particular achieve higher efficiency scores when output risk is explicitly accounted for.
Animal Welfare: An Empirical Analysis of Agricultural Frames
Authors: Deimel Ingke , Franz Annabell , Spiller Achim
Published: August 2024

According to the current state of livestock sciences the assessment of animal welfare nowadays is based on four dimensions, i. e. good housing, good feeding, good health and appropriate behaviour (KEELING and KJÆRNES, 2009). However, it remains unclear to what extent this understanding of animal welfare is shared by farmers. The aim of the present study is thus to estimate the concerns of conventional German pig farmers about animal welfare by means of a factor analysis. For this purpose the theoretical concept of framing is applied. The results show that two animal welfare frames exist among respondents. While an animal welfare understanding that focuses on biological and technical aspects is highly approved, criteria based on (natural) animal behaviour play only a minor role.
Home Bias in Consumption: A Comparison between Wine and Beer
Authors: Olper Alessandro , Curzi Daniele , Frisio Dario Gianfranco , Raimondi Valentina
Published: August 2024

This paper investigates the determinants of home bias in consumption in the beer and wine markets across 15 ‘old’ member states of the European Union (EU) during the period 2000-2009. Two main results are obtained using a theory-driven gravity equation. Firstly, the home bias in beer consumption is several orders of magnitude higher than that of wine. Secondly, and interestingly, consumer preferences seem to be driving the home bias in the wine sector. In contrast, the home bias in beer is widely attributable to the home market effect, namely firms tend to localize near the consumers in order to minimize the high trade costs associated with beer exports.
Wie der Osten gewonnen wurde: Restrukturierung der Versorgungskette im osteuropäischen Biermarkt
Authors: Van Herck Kristine , Swinnen Johan F.M. , Deconinck Koen
Published: August 2024

Like all markets in the former communist countries, the Eastern European beer market has been strongly affected by the economic reforms in the beginning of the 1990s. In the first years after reforms, there was a substantial decline in the production of barley, malt and beer. However, the brewery sector soon attracted interest from foreign investors, who faced problems in sourcing sufficient high quality malt in order to produce high quality beer. Therefore, they reintroduced vertical coordination in the supply chain to obtain malt and barley that consistently met their quality requirements. The associated change in beer quality has been one of the drivers behind the spectacular growth of beer consumption in several Eastern European countries. Most remarkable was the growth in the Russian beer market, where beer consumption more than quadrupled over the course of a decade. In this paper, we describe and analyze the dramatic restructuring of the beer industry and the changes in the industrial organization of its supply chain over the past two decades. In addition, we document how the drastic improvement in the quality of beer has been an important driver behind rapid growth in beer consumption in Russia.
Price Formation on Land Market Auctions in East Germany – An Empirical Analysis
Authors: Hüttel Silke , Odening Martin , Kataria Karin , Balmann Alfons
Published: August 2024

Although determinants of agricultural land prices have received considerable attention in the literature, little is known about price formation on structured markets such as land auctions. This paper aims to empirically test theoretical predictions regarding price formation in land market auctions. The analysis is conducted for the case of Saxony-Anhalt, Germany, where state-owned land constitutes a significant share of the agricultural land market. The utilised data consists of public auction data provided by the Land-gesellschaft Sachsen-Anhalt (i.e. the rural development agency in Saxony-Anhalt), and covers approximately 700 calls for bids from 2003 to 2010, supplemented with regional and structural data. Spatial correlation of land prices is considered by applying a spatial econometrics approach. Our analysis shows that apart from land characteristics, the number of bidders and the share of non-agricultural investors have an impact on the land price.
Wie viel Markt und wie viel Regulierung braucht eine nachhaltige Agrarentwicklung?How much market and how much regulation does sustainable agricultural development need?
Authors: GJAE
Published: August 2024

No summary available.
The Risk Reduction Potential of Weather Derivatives in Crop Production: Simple Indices versus Mixed Indices
Authors: Pelka Niels , Mußhoff Oliver
Published: August 2024

Weather derivatives are impaired with a basis risk that reduces the risk reduction potential and possibly hinders the introduction of these risk management instruments in the agricultural sector. A frequently suggested approach to reduce the basis risk is the use of mixed indices composed of several weather variables. The present study compares the risk-reduction potential of a temperature index-based and a precipitation index-based weather derivative to a derivative based on a mixed index including the two weather variables temperature and precipitation. This comparison is based on empirical winter wheat yield data of arable farms in Central Germany as well as on daily weather data of individual weather stations over several years. The hedging effectiveness is maximized using the hedging model by Johnson (1960). The results empirically prove that the improvement of the risk reduction potential of weather derivatives based on a mixed index improves significantly in comparison to single-index derivatives. However, it is more advantageous to use several weather derivatives based on a simple index at the same time than using one derivative based on a mixed index if the weather variables of the mixed index were measured at just one weather station. Hence, providers of weather derivatives would do better by offering different weather derivatives based on a simple index than derivatives that are based on a mixed index. In particular this is worth considering with regard to the fact that weather derivatives based on simple indices will surely attract the interest of other sectors more easily. Furthermore, by showing that farm-individual optimally designed weather indices have a significantly higher risk reduction potential than standardized weather indices, this study provides an important progress for the question about the design of weather derivatives. Hence, providers of weather derivative should better offer different weather derivatives with single index-based, farm-individual, optimally designed indices than a derivative based on a mixed index. The focus of the present study may be relevant for farmers as well as for potential providers of weather derivatives.
Einladung zur Einreichung von Beiträgen 54. GEWISOLA-Tagung, 17.-19.09.2014, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen
Authors: GJAE
Published: August 2024

Dieser Artikel ist nur in deutscher Sprache verfügbar.
The article is only available in German language.
Der Markt für Milch und Milcherzeugnisse im Jahr 2012
Authors: Fahlbusch Markus , Steffen Nina , Spiller Achim , Hellberg-Bahr Anneke , Brümmer Bernhard
Published: August 2024

Dieser Artikel ist nur in deutscher Sprache verfügbar.
The article is only available in German language.
The Economics of European Agriculture under Conditions of Climate Change (Editorial)
Authors: Banse Martin , Brouwer Floor , Palatnik Ruslana Rachel , Sinabell Franz
Published: August 2024

No summary available.
In memoriam Manfred Köhne
Authors: Bahrs Enno
Published: August 2024

Dieser Artikel ist nur in deutscher Sprache verfügbar.
The article is only available in German language.
Reviewer / Gutachter
Authors: GJAE
Published: August 2024

Dieser Artikel ist nur in deutscher Sprache verfügbar.
The article is only available in German language.
Ein großartiger Mentor, Ökonom und Entwicklungsberater – ein persönlicher Nachruf seiner dankbaren Schüler auf Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. Franz Heidhues
Authors: GJAE
Published: August 2024

Dieser Artikel ist nur in deutscher Sprache verfügbar.
The article is only available in German language.
GJAE – Special Issue – Call for Papers „The Political Economy of the Bioeconomy”
Authors: GJAE
Published: August 2024

No summary available.
Analyzing Results from Agricultural Large-scale Economic Simulation Models: Recent Progress and the Way Ahead
Authors: Britz Wolfgang , Pérez-Dominguez Ignacio , Narayanan Gopalakrishnan Badri
Published: August 2024

This article discusses the role of post model pro-cessing and Graphical User Interfaces (GUIs) in the context of applying large and complex economic simulation models for Impact Assessment (IA) of policies impacting the agricultural and food sectors. The calculation of indicators from different domains and decomposition approaches is presented as part of post-processing of model results. We review user roles with regard to the application of complex economic models in agricultural IA, concluding that the GUIs will be mostly used by experienced analysts. The article stresses the role of GUIs in separating the code implementation of the economic model from the presentation of their results for analytical purposes. It highlights core functionalities of GUIs based on a detailed comparison between the GUIs and post-model analysis tools of three large economic models: Aglink-Cosimo, CAPRI and GTAP (Global Trade Analysis Project). Whereas the Aglink-Cosimo and CAPRI (Common Agricultural Policy Regionalised Impact Modelling System) models follow a strict separation between model and data analysis software tools, the GTAP model follows a model integrated approach using GEMPACK (General Equilibrium Modelling Package) tools. Moreover, the CAPRI GUI is technically and formally detached from the data generation process. Aglink-Cosimo and GTAP models use tools specifically developed to serve mainly their own needs (and tailored to communicate with their model drivers). One specific characteristic of Aglink-Cosimo relates to the need of interactive documentation for users due to the declarative nature of the code, which relies upon the obligation of the OECD and FAO to deliver a transparent and well-documented model and data-base to a formalized group of users. The CAPRI and GTAP models are much more research-driven and therefore have invested more resources in building bridges with other model consortia. We conclude that an integrated GUI would benefit from combining the best features of the different approaches presented.
Programm der 55. Jahrestagung der Gesellschaft für Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaften des Landbaues (GEWISOLA) e.V., 23. bis 25. September 2015 in Gießen
Authors: GJAE
Published: August 2024

Dieser Artikel ist nur in deutscher Sprache verfügbar.
The article is only available in German language.
The Political Economy of Fostering a Wood-based Bioeconomy in Germany
Authors: Pannicke Nadine , Gawel Erik , Hagemann Nina , Purkus Alexandra , Strunz Sebastian
Published: August 2024

To increase the sustainability of economic processes and products as well as the use of sustainable resource inputs, a transition is required from the hitherto predominantly fossil resource-based “throughput economy” towards a circular flow economy based on renewable resources, the so-called bioeconomy. This paper considers the transition challenge from the perspective of dynamic theories on lock-in effects and lock-out options. Within this framework, a successful transition requires a twofold equilibrium: the economic sustainability equilibrium and a corresponding political equilibrium providing the corresponding transition policies. Based on the positive analysis of both current bioeconomy policies and policy demand by bioeconomy actors in Germany, this paper devel-ops recommendations on how a political equilibrium may be achieved which favors a sustainability-oriented transformation to a bioeconomy. One means of doing so, for example, is to combine a gradual development of existing policies with efforts to identify and support innovative niche products and processes.
GEWISOLA-Preis 2015 für Dr. Magnus Kellermann, Dr. Swetlana Renner und Dr. Matthias Staudigel
Authors: Weingarten Peter
Published: August 2024

Dieser Artikel ist nur in deutscher Sprache verfügbar.
The article is only available in German language.
In memoriam Günther Steffen
Authors: Berg Ernst
Published: August 2024

Dieser Artikel ist nur in deutscher Sprache verfügbar.
The article is only available in German language.
Planting Rights Liberalization in the European Union: An Analysis of the Possible Effects on the Wine Sector in Rheinland-Pfalz, Germany
Authors: Bogonos Mariia , Engler Barbara , Oberhofer Jürgen , Dreßler Marc , Dabbert Stephan
Published: August 2024

This study investigates the effects of planting rights liberalization on the largest wine-producing region in Germany, Rheinland-Pfalz. Introduced by the reform of the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) of the European Union (EU) in 2008, the abolishment of restrictions on the planting of new vineyards is still a subject of controversial discussions regarding possible effects on the sector’s structure and the quantity of wine production. For a simulation of these effects, this study uses partial equilibrium modeling and Markov chain projection. The results reveal that the effects of abolishment of planting rights depend on the assumed wine must prices. Relatively high market prices for wine must would lead to increases in the production of both standard and basic quality wine must and in the number of more cost-effective wine farms in the region. If low prices for wine must are assumed, the reform might result only in minor impacts.
Observable Raw Milk Prices: Chance for Dairy Farmers – Risk for Final Consumers
Authors: Hildenbrand Andreas , Kühl Rainer
Published: August 2024

Whether observable raw milk prices are more likely to increase or decrease the economic situation of dairy farmers is in dispute. Using a game-theoretic model, we show that observable raw milk prices can be restrictive and profitable for dairies if the tendency towards concentration in the dairy sector persists. Whereas observable raw milk prices open a chance for dairy farmers to receive a higher producer surplus, they carry a risk for final consumers to receive a lower consumer surplus. In particular, we argue about cooperatives because they are predominant in the dairy sector. Our findings can be generalized to other organizational forms in the dairy sector because similar organizational structures are established by long-term contracts.
The Potential of Different Experimental Designs for Policy Impact Assessment
Authors: Grüner Sven , Hirschauer Norbert , Mußhoff Oliver
Published: August 2024

Economic experiments have traditionally been conducted in laboratory settings. Since experimental conditions can be easily controlled and manipulated in the lab, high internal validity can be achieved. The external validity of lab experiments, however, is often poor due to the highly stylized environment. Hence, in recent years, researchers have increasingly left the lab and used the Internet to
Der Markt für Bioenergie
Authors: Kröger Rhena , Langenberg Josef , Schaper Christian , Theuvsen Ludwig
Published: August 2024

Dieser Artikel ist nur in deutscher Sprache verfügbar.
The article is only available in German language.
Productivity Change of Arable Farms with Regard to Greenhouse Gas Emissions
Authors: Wettemann Patrick J.C.
Published: August 2024

This study analyses the environmental efficiency and changes in productivity of arable farms, taking greenhouse gas emissions into consideration as an undesirable output. Shadow prices of greenhouse gas emissions and determinants of efficiency are investigated and the influence of different sources of productivity change is quantified. The methodological framework is based on output-oriented and enhanced hyperbolic stochastic distance functions. The balanced data panel comprises 141 arable farms located in northern Germany between the 2002/03 and 2009/10 financial years. The results show that there are potential savings of 12% or 9% of product-related emissions for the output-oriented and enhanced hyperbolic distance functions, respectively. Better soil quality and a higher proportion of grain and sugar beet in the crop rotation influence efficiency positively. In contrast, a higher percentage of organic fertilizer and a higher percentage of outsourced services have a negative influence on efficiency. Average shadow prices of greenhouse gas emissions are, depending on the distance function, from €3.56 to €7.12 per tonne CO2 equivalent and from €1.71 to €3.41 per tonne CO2 equivalent. Shadow prices show an increasing trend during the observation period. The determined positive productivity change is mainly caused by technical progress. Average efficiency changes have only a marginal impact on productivity change. Scale changes inhibit productivity progress slightly.
EU’s Regulation of Geographical Indications and their Effects on Trade Flows
Authors: Leufkens Daniel
Published: August 2024

Nowadays one of the big issues in international trade is the so-called Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP), a bilateral trade agreement between the EU and USA. In these negotiations there are still many open questions, including dealing with the European protection of geographical indications (GIs). The objective of this paper is, therefore, to evaluate the impact of different GI products and protection levels in bilateral trade partnerships between the EU itself and third countries for the purpose of food policy recommendations in current negotiation processes. Based on panel data on agri-food trade of EU member countries with all trading partners for the period from 1996 to 2010, a gravity approach is used to estimate bilateral trade effects of GIs. The findings suggest that the protection of diverting products and levels for GIs have opposite effects on EUs trade partnerships. As results, considering EUs overall trade, GIs on wines and spirits only have a trade-creating effect if these are highly protected, while for other agricultural products only lower protection levels increase bilateral trade significantly.
Der Weltmarkt für Getreide und Ölsaaten im Wirtschaftsjahr 2016/17
Authors: Dehoust Jakob , Albrecht Ernst
Published: August 2024

Dieser Artikel ist nur in deutscher Sprache verfügbar.
The article is only available in German language.
Wine Farms between Specialisation and Diversification – Empirical Insights from Switzerland and Romania
Authors: Mann Stefan , Stefan Petrica
Published: August 2024

While economists often emphasise the advantages of specialisation, power asymmetries between farmers and processors and risk mitigation are arguments for diversification in the primary sector. Swiss and Romanian wine farms are used to test the hypothesis that pressing grapes and processing them into wine will be financially advantageous for wine farms, while other diversification strategies are less promising. Survey results verify this hypothesis for Switzerland. For Romania, a winery on the farm and a positive attitude towards wine tourism are advantageous. Some amenities on the farm such as events or playgrounds allow higher prices to be charged, but this does not result in a better financial situation. Another success factor for both countries is the combination with arable farming. The conclusion is that targeted and well-adapted diversification strategies on wine farms can be recommended.
Der Markt für Obst und Gemüse
Authors: Knoop Mira , Wellner Marie , Theuvsen Ludwig
Published: August 2024

Dieser Artikel ist nur in deutscher Sprache verfügbar.
The article is only available in German language.
Der Markt für Milch und Milcherzeugnisse im Jahr 2017
Authors: Brümmer Bernhard , Spiller Achim , Mehlhose Clara , Schulze-Ehlers Birgit
Published: August 2024

Dieser Artikel ist nur in deutscher Sprache verfügbar.
The article is only available in German language.
The Measurement of Time-Varying Technical Efficiency and Productivity Change in Polish Crop Farms
Authors: Marzec Jerzy , Pisulewski Andrzej
Published: August 2024

The main aim of this study is to measure the technical efficiency and decompose total factor productivity (TFP) growth of Polish crop farms. The novelty of our contribution is threefold. First of all, our work contributes to research on agricultural performance of Central and Eastern European countries in the post-European Union accession period. Secondly, compared to previous studies, our study expands them by decomposition of total factor productivity growth for a specific sector based on a very extensive dataset, thus providing a more in-depth analysis of factors driving productivity growth. Thirdly, we have thoroughly explored the same data set by several different models, showing consequences of choosing a particular model. The empirical analysis is based on a balanced panel of farms, from 2004 to 2011, taken from the Farm Accountancy Data Network. Findings show that the average technical efficiency was only 63%. The elasticity of production was highest with respect to materials and lowest with respect to area. The capital elasticity was statistically non-significant. We point out that this sector is characterized by increasing returns to scale, with estimates ranging from 1.05 to 1.3 for the majority of observations. Furthermore, the results show that TFP was slightly decreasing (on average by 0.067% per annum) over the entire period.
Fiber Art: the View of a Researcher and an Artist: Review of: Tsvetkova, N.N., Iskusstvo volokna — fiber art XX–XXI vv.: voprosy formirovaniia i razvitiia [Textile Art — Fiber Art in the 20th and 21st Centuries: Issues of Formation and Development], Saint Petersburg: Stieglitz Academy Publ., 2022, 266 p., (In Russian)
Authors: Калашникова Н.М.
Published: August 2024

В рецензируемой монографии Н.Н. Цветковой «Искусство волокна — “fiber art” ХХ–ХХI вв.: вопросы формирования и развития», изданной в 2022 г. в Санкт-Петербургской государственной художественно-промышленной академии имени А.Л. Штиглица, представлен материал более чем двадцатилетней научной и художественной деятельности автора в области искусства современного текстиля (искусства волокна «fiber art»).

The reviewed monograph by N. N. Tsvetkova Textile Art — Fiber Art in the 20th and 21st Centuries: Issues of Formation and Development published by Saint Petersburg Stieglitz State Academy of Art and Design in 2022 presents the material of more than twenty years of research and artistic activity of the author in the field of contemporary textile art (fiber art).
Life-Giving and Flamy Tile: Review of: Berkovich, V.A., Egorov, K.A., Kuznetsova, O.A., Maralov, E.A. “Otdazhd’ mne pervenstvo”: Izraztsy XVIII–XIX vv. iz palat kuptsov Zhuravlevykh v g. Moskve [“Give Me the Primacy”: 18th–19th Century Tiles from the Chambers of the Zhuravlev Merchants in Moscow], Moscow: Buki-Vedi Publ., 2023, 292 p., (In Russian)
Authors: Власова Г.А.
Published: August 2024

Рецензия на книгу: «Отдаждь мне первенство»: Изразцы XVIII–XIX вв. из палат купцов Журавлевых в г. Москве / В.А. Беркович, К.А. Егоров, О.А. Кузнецова, Е.А. Маралов. М.: Буки- Веди, 2023. 292 с.

Review of: Berkovich, V.A., Egorov, K.A., Kuznetsova, O.A., Maralov, E.A. “Otdazhd’ mne pervenstvo”: Izraztsy XVIII–XIX vv. iz palat kuptsov Zhuravlevykh v g. Moskve [“Give Me the Primacy”: 18th–19th Century Tiles from the Chambers of the Zhuravlev Merchants in Moscow], Moscow: Buki-Vedi Publ., 2023, 292 p., (In Russian).
Peran Literasi Membaca dalam Mengembangkan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Mahasiswa STKIP Taman Siswa Bima
Authors: Yani Muhammad
Published: August 2024

Studi ini melihat bagaimana mahasiswa di STKIP Taman Siswa Bima dapat meningkatkan kemampuan membaca mereka dan berpikir kritis. Literasi membaca dianggap sebagai pilar utama dalam proses pembelajaran di perguruan tinggi yang mendukung pembangunan kemampuan berpikir kritis. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode studi literatur. Penelitian ini juga mendukung gagasan bahwa membaca adalah cara paling efektif untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis. Melalui analisis literatur akademis dan sumber bacaan lainnya, siswa didorong untuk meningkatkan kemampuan mereka untuk berpikir sistematis, menganalisis, dan mengevaluasi secara kritis. Studi ini menekankan bahwa membaca aktif meningkatkan pemahaman mahasiswa, membuka mata mereka, dan memungkinkan mereka membuat argumen yang kuat dan melihat implikasi dari berbagai sudut pandang. Oleh karena itu, kemampuan membaca di STKIP Taman Siswa Bima bukan hanya untuk meningkatkan prestasi akademiknya saja tetapi juga akan membantu mahasiswa menjadi pemikir mandiri tentang kompleksitas dunia modern.
The Impact of AI on Industrial Productivity
Authors: Gîrbu Ana-Maria
Published: August 2024

The aim of this work is to explore the impact of the extremely dynamic development of AI on the industry. Between 2015 and 2019, the number of businesses utilizing AI services grew by 270%[1]. This proves that the extension of this service system is continuously increasing and should be researched in order to optimize most industrial processes. The work focuses especially on raising the question regarding the risk of eradicating human work because of the explosive success of AI-powered systems. The main methods used in order to research this subject were the profound analysis of data and statistics regarding the effectiveness of AI compared to humans and the consequences of its implementation in different fields. The obtained results confirmed that there is still a long way until the similarity of the AI and human actions will be equaled and despite its rapidly spreading success it still remains a tool created by humans, its main task being to only simulate human behavior.
Социальная ответственность современного бизнеса в Республике Молдова
Authors: Slivca Anna
Published: August 2024

The relevance of the research topic is to identify the main trends of modern business in the Republic of Moldova regarding social responsibility based on the social activities of companies in the region. To describe the current situation and development perspectives (CSR) of corporate social responsibility in the Republic of Moldova. The purpose of this research article is to address the issue of corporate social responsibility in the Republic of Moldova. It shows that the development of CSR practices and CSR reporting in Moldova is at an early stage and is led by a small number of medium and large foreign and domestic enterprises.
Analiza stilurilor manageriale
Authors: Uțica Doina
Published: August 2024

The study on the analysis of managerial styles aims to treat the approach of one or another style of management in order to identify the advantages of one or another style. As a consideration, the analysis was made on a company from the Republic of Moldova in order to observe internally which management style is more productive and which employees want to be addressed within the work group. However, each manager adopts a style that he takes as the key to success in order to maintain or develop a successful team, a good leader or a good operation of the company's operations.
Analysis of the Existing Quality Management within the Enterprise and Development of Proposals for its Improvement
Authors: Moraru Maria
Published: August 2024

Managementul calității joacă un rol important în cadrul unei întreprinderi, deoarece conduce la o mai mare satisfacție a clienților, la un avantaj competitiv, la reducerea costurilor, la îmbunătățirea proceselor, la respectarea standardelor și reglementărilor și la o mai mare implicare a angajaților. Întreprinderile care acordă prioritate managementului calității au mai multe șanse de a reuși și de a prospera în mediul de afaceri actual. O reputație solidă în ceea ce privește calitatea este un factor de diferențiere important pe piața actuală. Prin urmare, o organizație trebuie să dispună de procese și instrumente de management al calității de ultimă generație, care să sprijine întreaga organizație. Cu toate acestea, pentru a avea un sistem de management al calității de succes, principiile de management al calității trebuie să fie stabilite și revizuite în mod constant. Astfel, scopul acestui articol este de a prezenta rezultatele studiilor privind impactul sistemului de management al calității asupra îmbunătățirii proceselor de management în cadrul întreprinderelor. Obiectivul principal fiind analizarea impactului implementării cerințelor ISO 9001 pentru îmbunătățirea relațiilor cu clienții, îmbunătățirea proceselor de management și a obiectivelor în domeniul calității. De asemenea, studiul evidențiază propuneri de perfecționare a sistemul de management al calității.
Dezvoltarea ecosistemului antreprenorial în vederea impulsionării sectorului IMM
Authors: Naida Anghelina
Published: August 2024

Dezvoltarea ecosistemului antreprenorial este o preocupare majoră la nivel global, deoarece sectorul IMM este considerat unul dintre motoarele economice ale multor țări. Scopul cercetării în acest domeniu este de a identifica factorii care pot contribui la creșterea și dezvoltarea sectorului IMM prin îmbunătățirea ecosistemului antreprenorial. Metodele de cercetare utilizate pentru a investiga dezvoltarea ecosistemului antreprenorial includ cercetarea bibliografică, studii de caz, sondaje și interviuri cu antreprenorii și stakeholderii din sectorul IMM. Prin intermediul acestor metode de cercetare, se pot identifica și analiza factorii care afectează dezvoltarea ecosistemului antreprenorial, cum ar fi infrastructura de suport, accesul la finanțare, reglementările guvernamentale și nivelul de educație și pregătire a antreprenorilor. Cele mai relevante rezultate obținute prin cercetările în domeniul dezvoltării ecosistemului antreprenorial includ identificarea unor factori cheie care pot influența creșterea sectorului IMM, cum ar fi dezvoltarea infrastructurii de suport, creșterea accesului la finanțare și îmbunătățirea pregătirii antreprenorilor. De asemenea, s-au identificat și problemele și provocările cu care se confruntă antreprenorii, cum ar fi birocrația și reglementările guvernamentale excesive, accesul limitat la finanțare și dificultățile în recrutarea și păstrarea angajaților.
Efectele descentralizării în managementul organizației
Authors: Anghel Elena , Motelică Carolina
Published: August 2024

This article analyzes the effects of decentralization in organizational management, which involves transferring decision-making power from central to lower levels. By using case studies and theoretical research, the article examines the interplay between centralization and decentralization, and analyzes the critical factors for its implementation. In conclusion, the article emphasizes that implementing decentralization can be beneficial for organizations, but requires rigorous planning and implementation to ensure success. It is important to consider the advantages and disadvantages of this approach and to develop a well-defined strategy for successfully implementing decentralization within the organization.
Modalităţi de eficientizare a managementului activităţii de desfacere în cadrul întreprinderii „SICOM” SRL
Authors: Tonu Nicoleta
Published: August 2024

The article deals with the concept of „sales activity”. The theoretical aspects of the management of the sales activity and its features are revealed. The research substantiates the importance of the optimal directionality choice of sales activity as one of the main lines of enterprise activity. Diversification of sales channels is one of the powerful tools to ensure the development of the sales activity of an enterprise. In this article are examined the strengths and researched the problems of sales management within the Sicom enterprise. Recommendations to make the sales activity of the analyzed company more efficient are developed.
Aутсорсинг как способ передачи рисков
Authors: Pintelei Tatiana
Published: August 2024

The relevance of studying the topic of outsourcing as a way of transferring risks is due to the fact that entrepreneurship is full of risks at every step and it is very important to study how we can avoid them. The purpose of the study is a more detailed consideration of the outsourcing process, an analysis of its benefits to minimize risks. In my work, I relied on such scientific methods as analysis, synthesis of the information received.
Oсновы и значение лидерства в управлении компанией
Authors: Covalenco Larisa
Published: August 2024

The article discusses the concept, features of leadership and, based on the analysis, describes the influence of leadership on company management. The article also presents the qualities characteristic of an effective leader, the optimal leadership style and the importance of leadership, especially in critical periods of the enterprise. Research and consideration of the topic of leadership remains relevant also because the changes that occur in society at all levels, without affecting the foundations of leadership, necessitate understanding of the concept and application at all levels.