bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Corpo e Menstruação na Amazônia Indígena: uma síntese
Authors: Oliveira Melissa Santana de , Nahum-Claudel Chloe , Martín Johanna Gonçalves
Published: November 2023

Resumo: Este dossiê foca nas formas como rituais e práticas de cuidado do ciclo menstrual estão sendo transformadas com a biomedicalização da saúde reprodutiva, migração urbana e educação do Estado. Perguntamos como essas mudanças estão sendo experienciadas pelas próprias pessoas que menstruam e como estão sendo debatidas nas comunidades ameríndias, moldando o futuro da menstruação. O Dossiê reúne antropólogas sociais indígenas e não indígenas, cujas obras são discutidas em relação aos seguintes temas: menstruação e supressão menstrual como fronteira de contestação no feminismo contemporâneo; o poder ou perigo do sangue; a menstruação como mediadora das relações entre humanos e ‘outros’; e transmissão de conhecimentos de gênero e intergeracional. Consideramos implicações das mudanças das práticas de reclusão e contenção menstrual que geram novos riscos e oportunidades para pessoas que menstruam na Amazônia e alhures.
Representations of COVID-19: the pandemic in the context of international commuting migration from mining
Authors: Mendes Lise Maria Carvalho , Silva Neto Antonio Sabino da , Barbosa Nayara Gonçalves , Cardoso Larissa de Freitas , Andrade Rosemary Ferreira de , Gomes-Sponholz Flávia Azevedo
Published: November 2023

RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar as concepções acerca da covid-19 entre brasileiros que realizam migração pendular para trabalhar em garimpos clandestinos situados nas fronteiras entre Brasil, Guiana Francesa e Suriname. Método: Pesquisa qualitativa, em uma perspectiva analítica, alicerçada na Teoria das Representações Sociais. Foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas, áudiogravadas com 10 brasileiros que vivenciam a rotina de trabalho em garimpos clandestinos na fronteira entre Brasil, Guiana Francesa e Suriname. Resultados: Foram designadas duas categorias analíticas: “A doença da alteridade”; e “Dimensão do acesso à saúde”. Conclusão: A gravidade da doença foi atribuída ao outro ou a um órgão do corpo humano, e não ao indivíduo como um todo. O acesso aos serviços de saúde instituiu-se em questões de iniquidade, violência e práticas ilegais. O caráter de população transitória, que realiza migração pendular e de trabalho informal e clandestino, demonstra vulnerabilidade à covid-19 e menor propensão a receber cuidados.
Uso de condón y consumo de drogas en migrantes: revisión sistemática
Authors: Ruiz-Bugarin Cynthia Lizbeth , López-Sánchez Ulises , Aranda-Ibarra Jesus Ramon , Hernández-Vergara Carmen Ivette , Caro-Jocelyn Jimenez , Sánchez-Rojas Mario Alberto , Cruz-González Anzony Arturo
Published: November 2023

RESUMEN Objetivo: Identificar el uso del condón y el consumo de drogas en migrantes, así como la asociación entre estas variables. Método: Se realizó una búsqueda sistemática de artículos publicados en español e inglés (2017–2022), en PubMed, EBSCO, WEB of SCIENCE, Elsevier, Scielo, Redalyc, siendo que los estudios elegibles informaron sobre el uso del condón y el consumo de drogas, y su asociación Resultados: Con la estrategia de búsqueda se identificaron 147 artículos con la combinación de términos y de otras fuentes. Después de la eliminación de artículos por título, resumen, identificar que cuenten con las variables de estudio, se incluyeron ocho artículos para el análisis cualitativo y únicamente tres cumplieron con los criterios para el análisis cuantitativo. Conclusión: El consumo de drogas favorece el uso inconstante del condón, y esto incrementa el riesgo de adquirir alguna ITS, además de otras cuestiones de salud mental derivadas del consumo de estas sustancias.
Burocracia escolar e reprodução de estigmas sobre os estudantes e suas famílias
Authors: Rosistolato Rodrigo , Pires do Prado Ana , Cerdeira Diana Gomes da Silva
Published: November 2023

Resumo O artigo analisa os dados de uma pesquisa realizada com 23 gestores de escolas municipais do Rio de Janeiro, com o objetivo de investigar a relação da burocracia educacional com as famílias no decorrer dos processos de matrícula dos filhos. Mapearam-se, nas entrevistas em profundidade, as percepções dos gestores com relação aos estudantes e suas famílias, em parte orientadas por estigmas individuais e coletivos. Serão apresentados a tipologia proposta para interpretar esse conjunto de estigmas; a aplicação da tipologia na análise das entrevistas; e os argumentos quanto às ações dos burocratas, motivadas por tais estigmas. Os dados indicam que tais ações tendem a reproduzir desigualdades sociais de origem e a produzir novas formas de desigualdade no interior das escolas.
School Failure and Children's Literacy in the Core Education Project (CEP) for Latin America and the Caribbean (1980-2000) 2 3 4
Authors: Dias Fabrícia Pereira de Oliveira , Gontijo Cláudia Maria Mendes
Published: November 2023

Abstract The paper analyzes central ideas that permeated the discussions promoted by Unesco on children’s literacy and school failure. The discussions were developed in the scope of the Core Education Project for Latin America and the Caribbean (CEP - 1980-2000). It challenges the supposed neutrality in the action of Unesco through the critical analysis of Bulletins produced throughout this project. It takes Mikhail Bakhtin’s thoughts on the notion of utterance as a theoretical-methodological reference. It concludes that school failure was seen as a core education problem in Latin America and the Caribbean, based on economic guidelines that were very close to the interests of institutions that were sought to fund educational initiatives to reduce this great challenge.
Infamous biographemes – traces of teaching lives
Authors: Barros Maria Elizabeth Barros de , Rodrigues Heliana Barros Conde
Published: November 2023

Abstract This article presents a research with teachers from public schools in the Southeastern region of Brazil, having teaching as object of analysis. Thus, it aimed to think about ways of doing education based on the biographematic method, inspired by Roland Barthes’ formulation on biographemes. The online interviews were conducted and the resulting reports indicate the relevance of narrating stories, putting them in dialogue to rethink teaching practices. The act of narrating favors the act of thinking and, by exercising thought, forces the experience of recreating oneself, repositioning teachers in their practices and thus enabling the invention of other ways of being a teacher.
THE RESEARCH AGENDA OF BRAZILIAN SOCIOLOGY AT THE BEGINNING OF THE MILLENNIUM
Authors: Campos Luiz Augusto , Santos Marcelo Augusto de Paiva dos , Juruá Mayra , Candido Marcia Rangel
Published: November 2023

Abstract Many works have sought to define the research agenda of Brazilian sociology, its temporal evolution, and other internal and external dynamics. However, the methods employed in the thematic classification of the discipline are still rudimentary. To adress this issue, this article applied text processing techniques, particularly Topic Modelling, to analyze over 3 thousand doctoral theses published at the beginning of the millennium. The results indicate that our “new” sociology is characterized by a relative decline in the importance of traditional themes, such as studies on labor, in favor of more diverse topics, such as violence and gender. These transformations seem to reflect guidelines from funding agencies and changes in public debate, posing new challenges on the horizon of the discipline.
“NÃO É UMA CAIXA!”: TRANSFORMAÇÕES DOS SENTIDOS ATRIBUÍDOS A UMA CAIXA DE PAPELÃO
Authors: Gonçalves Jacqueline da Silva , Silva Elenice de Brito Teixeira , Neves Vanessa Ferraz de Almeida
Published: November 2023

Resumo Este artigo tem como objetivo argumentar que a brincadeira é uma atividade de produção de subjetividades, significações, narrativas e, portanto, de consciência humana em condições histórica e culturalmente situadas. A partir da teoria histórico-cultural e da etnografia em educação, discutimos que a brincadeira é um ato de criação de possibilidades, tanto de participação no grupo social como de produção de sentidos para o que acontece na vida coletiva, por meio da análise de criação de sentidos para uma caixa de papelão no evento “Não é uma caixa!”. Concluímos que a brincadeira cria contradições entre os campos perceptivo, narrativo e imaginário, ampliando as possibilidades de ação, linguagem e relações sociais, o que impulsiona o desenvolvimento cultural das crianças.
O cronotopo de Paris na poesia da primeira onda de emigrantes russos: um estudo de caso dos poemas de Irina Knorring
Authors: Shchukina Daria , Aouini Dorra
Published: November 2023

RESUMO Este artigo propõe o uso do conceito de cronotopo para analisar a obra literária de emigrantes russos da primeira onda na França. O artigo se concentra na representação artística de mundo da comunidade de emigrantes russos em Paris, ao explorar os poemas de Irina Knorring, uma representante da jovem geração da primeira onda de emigrantes russos. Nesses poemas, a figura do emigrante russo assume uma posição central. Ao examiná-los, esta pesquisa identifica os motivos e as imagens recorrentes, dotados de sentidos espaciais e temporais, e discute aspectos específicos do cronotopo de Paris. Em seus poemas, Knorring explora não só o mundo interior e as particularidades dos indivíduos, mas também reflete sobre os acontecimentos da vida e sobre o destino comum dos refugiados russos no exílio. Nas obras da poeta, o cronotopo serve como um elemento indispensável, estabelecendo uma unidade espacial e temporal coesa, que permite aos leitores perceberem a imagem dos emigrantes russos na Europa (Paris) pelos olhos do andarilho russo. A análise cronotópica presente no artigo oferece uma representação espacial e temporal abrangente da trajetória de vida de emigrantes russos em Paris, abarcando tanto as experiências individuais, quanto o contexto mais amplo da emigração russa como um todo.
Poesia e acervos orais na urdidura dos poemas de Batata cozida, mingau de cará, de Eloí Bocheco
Authors: Grazioli Fabiano Tadeu
Published: November 2023

RESUMO Neste estudo, a poesia oral é observada enquanto manifestação estética e a atenção se volta aos poemas que rememoram a infância cuja inspiração é o acervo oral. Apresentam-se coordenadas que favorecem a observação das propriedades poéticas e criativas do referido gênero poético, a partir das quais são analisados poemas da obra Batata cozida, mingau de cará (2006), de Eloí Bocheco. Desse modo, pode-se afirmar que a poética para a infância compreendida pela proposta da escritora permite ao pequeno leitor transitar, na mesma criação, pelo conhecido, isto é, pelos elementos da poesia oral quase sempre recuperados da tradição popular; e pelo que ele conhece na mesma oportunidade: o poema de autoria declarada, que pressupõe um trabalho urdido basicamente na escrita. Além disso, tais poemas podem ser compreendidos como variação dos poemas da tradição oral, que se renovam no limiar entre a oralidade e a escrita, num jogo lúdico com os dois códigos.
Gestão do Conhecimento e popularização da ciência: análise das relações entre os fluxos do processo de comunicação
Authors: Batista Andreza Pereira , Farias Gabriela Belmont de
Published: November 2023

Resumo A gestão do conhecimento busca mecanismos para externalizar o conhecimento cognitivo dos indivíduos, mediante ao uso de estratégias e procedimentos que permitem os sujeitos transmitirem o que sabem, em prol do desenvolvimento organizacional. Destarte, a popularização da ciência diz respeito à ações que objetivam estabelecer diálogos entre os pesquisadores e a população em geral, com vista a possibilitar o uso e a apropriação das informações científicas e tecnológicas pelos cidadãos. Post isto, o artigo objetiva analisar as relações entre a gestão do conhecimento e a popularização da ciência, identificando elementos que as aproximam, contribuem e auxiliam na comunicação da ciência à sociedade. Trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratória de abordagem qualitativa que utiliza como método a pesquisa bibliográfica, associando elementos construtivos da gestão do conhecimento às práticas de popularização científica. Como resultado, apresenta a construção de um esquema abordando os componentes supracitados com as inter-relações entre os elementos e identificação das associações entre eles, vinculadas, especialmente, ao planejamento das ações. Ao fim, conclui que a gestão do conhecimento apresenta características necessárias para que a popularização da ciência possa ser realizada de forma sistemática e atinja os objetivos estabelecidos nas iniciativas dos pesquisadores em disseminar, de forma compreensível, os resultados de suas pesquisas, almejando motivar mudanças individuais e coletivas – que só são atingidas por meio da educação e do empoderamento social.
Pandemia, desigualdade e pobreza nas regiões metropolitanas brasileiras
Authors: Salata Andre , Ribeiro Marcelo Gomes
Published: November 2023

Resumo O artigo avalia o comportamento da desigualdade de renda e da pobreza no Brasil metropolitano durante a pandemia de Covid-19. O objetivo principal é analisar o papel desempenhado, entre 2019 e 2021, pelas políticas federais de transferência de renda – em especial o Auxílio Emergencial - no que diz respeito às variações no nível de desigualdade e de pobreza nas metrópoles brasileiras. Os dados são provenientes da Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios Contínua (PNADc – IBGE), em sua divulgação anual, e compreendem as vinte e duas principais regiões metropolitanas do país. Através de técnicas de decomposição, os resultados evidenciam em que medida as variações no rendimento do trabalho e nas políticas de transferência de renda explicam a evolução das desigualdades e da pobreza no período da pandemia.
Direitos humanos em disputa: (des)institucionalização e conflitos entre movimento LGBTQIA+ e ativismo antigênero no Brasil
Authors: Pereira Matheus Mazzilli , Aragusuku Henrique Araujo , Teixeira Jacqueline Moraes
Published: November 2023

Resumo Com a chegada de Jair Bolsonaro ao Governo Federal, a pasta de direitos humanos passou a ser ocupada por redes de ativismo antigênero que, nos anos anteriores, se opuseram de forma sistemática a políticas de garantia de direitos de LGBTQIA+. Como esse processo impactou a institucionalização do movimento LGBTQIA+ e do ativismo antigênero no campo de políticas de direitos humanos do Governo Federal? Para responder essa questão, analisamos dados sobre transformações na estrutura organizacional, nos programas e ações, nas instituições participativas e no desenho do orçamento das pastas de direitos humanos em nível federal nos últimos anos. Os resultados indicam uma dupla dinâmica: a desinstitucionalização parcial e gradual do movimento LGBTQIA+ e a institucionalização do ativismo antigênero legitimada pela mobilização da categoria de “políticas públicas familiares”. Em diálogo com a literatura sobre movimentos sociais e institucionalização, argumentamos que esses resultados evidenciam a necessidade de incorporar a esse debate um olhar relacional-contencioso que identifique disputas entre redes socioestatais em torno da (des)institucionalização de políticas públicas.
Agenda gerencial nos municípios brasileiros: difusão ou contexto?
Authors: Marenco André , Bruxel Marília
Published: November 2023

Resumo Este trabalho analisa a difusão de reformas gerenciais nos 5.570 municípios brasileiros. Embora reformas gerenciais envolvam uma ampla agenda de inovações, o artigo considerou apenas a proporção de servidores “sem vínculo permanente” nas administrações diretas municipais e a existência de administração indireta na gestão local, inferindo incentivos para a descentralização e incorporação de procedimentos derivados da administração privada. Os dados foram obtidos junto à base Munic do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística e ao Atlas da Política Municipal da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. O argumento central consiste em que a expansão de mecanismos gerenciais nos municípios decorre menos de fatores políticos ou preferências ideológicas do que de uma combinação entre incremento de gastos em educação, limitada capacidade fiscal municipal e reduzido desenvolvimento local.
The organization of verb meaning in Lengua de Señas Nicaragüense (LSN): Sequential or simultaneous structures?
Authors: Brentari Diane , Goldin-Meadow Susan , Horton Laura , Senghas Ann , Coppola Marie
Published: November 2023

One structural dimension that varies across languages is the simultaneous or sequential expression of meaning. Complex predicates can layer meanings together simultaneously in a single-verb predicate (SVP) or distribute them sequentially in a multiple-verb predicate (MVP). We ask whether typological variability in this dimension might be a consequence of systematic patterns of diachronic change. We examine the distribution of markers of agency and number within the verb phrase (the predicate) in the earliest stages of a young, emerging sign language in Nicaragua, Lengua de Señas Nicaragüense (LSN), beginning with homesign systems like those from which LSN originated, and progressing through two decades of transmission to new learners. We find that: (i) LSN2 signers are more likely to produce MVPs than homesigners or LSN1 signers; (ii) in the MVPs they do produce, homesigners and LSN1 signers are more likely to produce predicates that mark both agency and number simultaneously on at least one of the verbs; LSN2 signers are just as likely to produce sequences with verbs that mark agency and number in sequentially separate verbs. We discuss how language acquisition, modality, and structure, as well as specific social factors associated with each of the groups, play a role in driving these changes, and how, over time, these patterns of change might yield the diversity of forms observed across spoken and signed languages today.
A new species of the planthopper genus Polychornum Gnezdilov, 2021 (Hemiptera: Caliscelidae: Ommatidiotinae) extends the distribution of the genus and tribe Augilini Baker to Africa
Authors: Gnezdilov Vladimir M.
Published: November 2023

The caliscelid tribe Augilini Baker is recorded for the first time from African continent after Polychornum centroafricanum sp. n. described and illustrated from the Democratic Republic of Congo, collected in 1948. This is first representative of the genus Polychornum Gnezdilov, 2021 from the Afrotropical Region. Global distribution and host plants of the species of the tribe Augilini are discussed.
Tübingen Mushafı (Ma VI 165 ) Hakkında Bir Değerlendirme
Authors: Öztürk Hayrettin
Published: November 2023

Bu çalışma bugün dünyada mevcut bulunan el yazma Kur’ân, mushaf ve varakları içerisinde belki de en eskilerinden biri olan Tübingen Mushafını konu edinmektedir. Söz konusu Mushaf, Tübingen Üniversitesi Kütüphanesi Ma VI 165 demirbaş numarasına kayıtlı olup, İsrâ suresinin 35. ayetinin bir bölümünden itibaren Yâsîn suresinin 57. ayetine kadar takriben Kur’ân’ın dörtte birlik kısmını ihtiva etmektedir.
Bu makalede, Tübingen Mushafının imlâ özellikleri ile erken döneme ait mimari eserler üzerinde yer alan epigrafik nitelikli metinler (taş kitabeler) arasında çeşitli açılardan karşılaştırmalar yapılmıştır. Yine bu makalede okumaya çeşitlilik ve zenginlik katan yazımı farklı kelimelerin ve kıraatlerin bir incelemesi yapılmış farklı kıraatlerin manaya kattığı anlam zenginliği ve kıraatlerin bu şekilde gelişinin hikmeti gibi konular da ele alınmıştır. Bu makalede Tübingen Mushafının ayet sayılarının tespitine çalışılması, Osman Mushafları ile yapılacak mukayesesi için mushafın detaylı olarak incelenmesi, tanımlanması, radyo karbon 14 (C14) yöntemi ile tarihlendirilmesinin yapılması ve bu nitelikteki bilimsel bir çalışmaya ilk kez konu edilmesi çalışmanın özgün tarafını oluşturmaktadır.
Çalışmanın sonunda 14 asır önce yazıldığı belgelerle teyit edilen Tübingen Mushafı ile bugün elimizde bulunan diğer mushafların Tübingen Mushafına karşılık gelen kısımları arasında hiçbir farklılığın olmadığı belirtilmiş ve devamında bu çalışmada görüleceği üzere Kur’an’ın en azından ilgili bölümler itibarıyla hem sayfalarda hem de hafızalarda yer alan kutsal bir metin olduğu gerçeğinin bilimsel yöntemlerle desteklenebileceği ifade edilmiştir.
Analysis of immofluorescence images in ImageJ v1
Authors: not provided rachel.bates
Published: November 2023

Analysis at a single cell level of images taken on confocal
Transfection and validation of BK channel expressing HEK-293 cells for the study of Mir-9 regulation. v1
Authors: Cordero Padilla Katherine
Published: November 2023

Research has identified the large conductance voltage- and calcium-activated potassium channel (BK) as a key regulator of neuronal excitability genetically associated to behavioral alcohol tolerance. Sensitivity to ethanol at the molecular level is characterized by acute potentiation of channel activity. BK isoforms show variations in alcohol sensitivity and are differentially distributed on the plasma membrane surface in response to prolonged exposure. MiRNA targeting of alcohol sensitive isoforms coupled with active internalization of BK channels in response to ethanol are believed to be key in establishing homeostatic adaptations that produce persistent changes within the plasma membrane of neurons. In fact, MiR-9 upregulated expression is a key event in persistent alcohol tolerance mediating acute EtOH desensitization of BK channels. The exact nature of these interactions remains a current topic of discussion. To further study the effects of Mir-9 on the expression and distribution of BK channel isoforms we designed an experimental model by transfecting human BK channel isoforms ZERO and STREX heterologous constructs in HEK293 cells respectively expressing 2.1 (Mir-9 responsive), 2.2 (unresponsive) and control (no sequence) 3’UTR miRNA recognition sites. We used imaging techniques to characterize the stably transfected monoclonal cell lines, and electrophysiology to validate channel activity. Finally, we used immunocytochemistry to validate isoform responsiveness to MiR-9. Our findings suggest the cell lines were successfully transfected and have differential responses to miR-9 making them viable for use in future alcohol dependence studies.
ChatGPT as Co-Advisor in Scientific Initiation: Action Research with Project-Based Learning in Elementary Education
Authors: Villan Fabiano , P. dos Santos Renato
Published: November 2023

Background: In the contemporary educational landscape, technology has the power to drive innovative pedagogical practices. Overcoming the resistance of teachers and students to adopting new methods and technologies is a challenge that needs to be addressed. Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of ChatGPT as a co-advisor in research projects and its influence on the implementation of Project-Based Learning (PBL), as well as overcoming resistance to the use of new pedagogical methodologies. Design: An action-research methodology was employed, including unstructured interviews and the application of questionnaires via Google Forms. Setting and Participants: The research was conducted in an elementary school, involving 353 students and 16 teachers. Data Collection and Analysis: Data were gathered through observations and notes in meetings and interviews, complemented by electronic questionnaires, with quantitative and qualitative analyses performed via Microsoft Excel and Google Forms. Results: The introduction of ChatGPT as a pedagogical tool led to increased student engagement and decreased teacher resistance, reflected in recognition at local science fairs. Conclusion: The study confirmed the utility of ChatGPT in school research co-orientation, highlighting its role in facilitating PBL and promoting cultural changes in educational practice, with proactive school management identified as a catalysing element in adapting to educational innovations.
Carcinosarcoma of the prostate: clinical observation and literature review
Authors: Surkova V. S. , Volchenko N. N. , Lavrova A. M. , Kosumova Kh. S. , Khakimova G. G. , Grebenkin M. V.
Published: November 2023

Carcinosarcoma is a rare type of prostate neoplasms and accounts for less than 1 % of all malignant tumors of the prostate.  This kind of tumor is characterized by the absence of prostate-specific antigen elevation in most cases, which leads to diagnosis of metastatic disease in a quarter of patients.  Moreover, carcinosarcoma of the prostate has an extremely poor clinical prognosis. From the morphological point of a view, biphasicity is a typical feature for these tumors. As a rule, epithelial component is represented by poorly differentiated acinar adenocarcinoma. However, in some literature cases adenogenous component was represented by ductal or neuroendocrine carcinoma. Sarcoma component can be represented by any sarcoma type. Currently, pathogenesis of carcinosarcomas isn’t clear. In this report, we describe a clinical case of carcinosarcoma of the prostate in a 72-year-old male.
Nephrotoxicity of combination drug therapy in metastatic renal cancer
Authors: Titov K. S. , Shutov E. V. , Alimov A. A. , Lebedev S. S. , Kirichek A. A. , Zapirov G. M.
Published: November 2023

The review covers reduced kidney function in the context of renal cell carcinoma. According to international studies, some patients  already have chronic kidney disease at time of disease onset. Surgical treatment  leads to a decrease in the total number of functioning nephrons. Drug therapy causes several adverse events including nephrotoxicity. The review discusses the problem of using combination regimens in patients with solitary kidney.
The prevalence of malignant neoplasms of the kidney in Saint Petersburg and various regions of Russia in 2016-2021
Authors: Popov S. V. , Guseynov R. G. , Orlov I. N. , Khizha V. V. , Yazenok A. V. , Sivak K. V. , Perepelitsa V. V. , Bunenkov N. S. , Ulitina A. S.
Published: November 2023

Background. Currently, kidney cancer remains one of the most common oncourological diseases with relatively high mortality rate.

Aim. To study the main epidemiological indicators of malignant neoplasms of the kidney in various regions of Russia and Saint Petersburg.

Materials and methods. Based on the data from the Department of Medical Statistics of Tumor Diseases of the Medical Information and Analytical Center, the epidemiological indicators of malignant neoplasms of the kidney for the period between 2016 and 2021 in Russia, individual Federal Districts of the country and Saint Petersburg were analyzed.

Results. Despite the  increase in the  prevalence of malignant  neoplasms of the  kidney,  medical oncological care for the population is at an appropriate level. Most cases of the disease are diagnosed at early stages, there is a decrease in patient mortality rates and an increase in 5-year survival, which indicates the effectiveness of ongoing anticancer measures. In a number of Federal Districts, a number of indicators showed a negative trend compared to the all-Russia data, which requires close attention.

Conclusion. The analysis of statistical  data of patients with malignant neoplasms of the kidney can be used to optimize the algorithms for diagnosing and treating  this category of patients,  as well as to improve oncological care for the population.
Cytoreductive nephrectomy and its effect on prognosis in patients with disseminated renal cell carcinoma receiving treatment in wide clinical practice
Authors: Semenov D. V. , Orlova R. V. , Shirokorad V. I. , Kostritskiy S. V. , Gluzman M. I. , Korneva Yu. S.
Published: November 2023

Aim. To evaluate the effect of cytoreductive nephrectomy (CN) on overall survival (OS) in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) and to identify a group of patients who are candidates for cytoreductive surgical treatment.

Materials and methods. We retrospectively analyzed a database of 403 patients with mRCC treated at the Moscow City Oncological Hospital No. 62 and the City Clinical Oncological Dispensary (Saint Petersburg) between 2006 and 2022. In total, 330 (81.9 %) patients underwent CN. All patients received systemic anti-tumor therapy: targeted anti-angiogenic therapy - 317 (78.6 %), cytokines - 61 (15.1 %), checkpoint inhibitors - 25 (6.2 %). The groups of operated and non-operated patients were unbalanced: CN was more often not performed in patients with multiple metastases, bone and liver lesions, laboratory abnormalities (anemia, increased serum alkaline phosphatase and lactate dehydrogenase) and unfavorable prognosis per IMDC (International mRCC Database Consortium) classification (p >0.05 for all). 

Results. CN was associated with a significant increase in OS compared with primary tumor preservation in situ: median OS was 36 months with 95 % confidence interval 29.1-37.1, and 11 months with 95 % confidence interval 8.1-21.3, respectively (p <0.0001). The benefit for OS in the CN group was also observed in clear-cell mRCC (p <0.0001), grade G3 (p <0.0001), multiple metastases (p <0.0001) groups, and in the IMDC poor prognosis group (p <0.0001). 

Conclusion. CN in selected mRCC patients results in a significant increase in OS. Further research is needed to determine selection criteria for surgical treatment candidates.
Epidemiology of suicide mortality in Mexican young people (ages 15-29) from 1990 to 2020
Authors: Ortiz-Pérez Hilda , Bravo-García Enrique , Bravo-García José Samuel
Published: November 2023

Introduction. In 2020, suicide was the third leading cause of death in Mexico among young people ages 15 and 29, accounting for 43.0% of all suicides in the country, making it a major public health issue. Objective. To explore changes in the geographic distribution of suicide rates by state and to analyze the magnitude, distribution, and pattern of suicide mortality in young Mexicans ages 15 to 29 between 1990 and 2020. Method. Descriptive, ecological time-series study, based on official information. Standardized mortality rates were calculated using information on deaths (INEGI) and population estimates (CONAPO). The magnitude, distribution, and patterns of suicide mortality at the national level and by state were analyzed using the Joinpoint segmented regression model. Results. From 1990 to 2020, suicide mortality in young people increased by 198% and was higher in women (285%) than men (178%). The states with the highest suicide mortality rates from 2016 to 2020 were Chihuahua (18.5 suicides/100,000 young people ages 15-29), Aguascalientes (16.6), Yucatán (14.4), Guanajuato (14.1), and San Luis Potosí (12.9), accounting for 23.0% of total suicide deaths. Discussion and conclusion. The study of mortality trends could contribute to the management of a national suicide prevention strategy in young Mexicans, providing support for public health decision-making, such as the identification of the states and regions that should be prioritized.
Emotional distress and self-care during the COVID-19 pandemic in women from an indigenous migrant cultural collective in Mexico City
Authors: Vega Leticia , Gutierrez Rafael , Padilla Morales Sandra Guadalupe , Aguilar Simón Sayra Citlali
Published: November 2023

Introduction. During the coronavirus (SARS-Cov-2) pandemic, restrictive measures were implemented to reduce contagion. However, severely decreasing social interaction also negatively impacted the economy, particularly that of indigenous groups. Objective. This article seeks to understand the emotional distress identified by a group of indigenous women residents, as well as their self-care practices, during the COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico City. Method. A digital qualitative study was undertaken since the fieldwork was conducted in person and online, using various Internet platforms, which served as a field scenario, data collection tool and a means of continuous connection with subjects. Results. Anecdotal records were obtained from the subjects, who identified categorizations in the collective organization of the indigenous group, which became a support network for mobilizing official material resources. Information was also obtained on the way the women engaged in the self-care of their emotional distress in a range of ways with a sense of immediacy, through physical, spiritual, herbal, and psychological resources. They observed how women managed to cope with their situation and continue caring for and supporting their families to enable them to get by, distinguishing between those who were providers and those who were dependent on another provider. Discussion and conclusion. The pandemic, together with social restrictions, created stressful situations, causing various emotional problems among the indigenous collective. Nevertheless, their capacity for self-management and self-care enabled them to cope with these conditions in the midst of structural contexts of violence, poverty, and social exclusion.
Investigating The Correlation Between Socioeconomic Factors and The Prevalence of Childhood Dental Problems
Authors: Srinivas Murthy ST  , Bhumika Kamal Badiyani  , Amit Kumar
Published: November 2023

Background: This study investigates the relationship between socioeconomic factors and the prevalence of childhood dental problems in the Indian context. Recognizing the importance of oral health in pediatric populations and the potential impact of socioeconomic disparities, the study aims to identify correlations between demographic and socioeconomic indicators and the occurrence of dental issues among children aged 5 to 12 years. Methods: A total of 150 children were recruited, representing various socioeconomic backgrounds. Demographic information, including age and gender, and socioeconomic indicators such as parental education, household income, and dental insurance access, were collected. Clinical examinations assessed the prevalence of childhood dental problems, including dental caries, gingivitis, malocclusions, and other conditions. Socioeconomic indicators were categorized for analysis, and statistical methods, including logistic regression, were employed to explore correlations. Results: In the Indian scenario, the study cohort exhibited diverse characteristics.  Result outlines the prevalence of dental problems, with dental caries being the most prominent issue. Gingivitis and malocclusions also contribute to the overall burden of pediatric oral health issues in the Indian context. The study reveals significant correlations between specific socioeconomic factors and the prevalence of childhood dental problems. Notable associations include lower parental education levels correlating with higher rates of dental caries. Conclusion: In conclusion, this study provides valuable insights into the correlation between socioeconomic factors and the prevalence of childhood dental problems in India. The multifaceted nature of this relationship underscores the need for targeted interventions that consider the unique socio-economic dynamics of the Indian population, ultimately contributing to improved pediatric oral health outcomes.
Emergency Light with Dark Switch and Motion Sensor
Authors: Eddie P. Llaso  , Michael M. Occeña  , Eric P. Catalan
Published: November 2023

The general objective of this research was to make an alternative means of producing light by the use of some simple materials at home. The specific objective of the study was to construct lighting system for emergency purposes which can use at schools, offices, hotels, hospitals and even in our homes. This study also aims to develop more suitable and efficient lighting system which uses motion sensor and dark sensor for switching devices. In this study, there are some advantages considered: (1) equipped with dark sensor which only activates standby light when the light in the surrounding is not sufficient during power outage; (2) equipped with motion sensors for switching device which will activate it brightness if there’s a presence of motion within an angle of 120 degrees and a maximum distance of 7 meters; (3) can give high frequency of emergency lighting during power outage. As the result of the study, this gadget only operates in dark surroundings and can give higher brightness if motion is sensed in a given angle and distance. To this end, this initial study formulated theories which stated that this gadget consumes less amount of energy and can operates automatically without directly controlled by a person.
Four-Dimensional Imaging and Radiation Therapy: A Review of Challenges and Advancements in Clinical Practices
Authors: Balakrishnan Arun , P Rameshbabu
Published: November 2023

4-Dimensional Radiation therapy (4DRT) has been vastly developed in the past two decades. Motion management has become a vital part of high precision radiotherapy, wherein Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy (SBRT) turns out to be a great boon for treating thoracic and abdominal tumours with confidence. In this review paper, we have analyzed the development of motion management strategies and the advancement of 4DRT.We have discussed the evolution of Internal target volume (ITV), 4D imaging techniques and the problems of breathing motion. In the second part, we have discussed various methods to tackle breathing motion. We also have reviewed the dosimetric aspects of 4D imaging and its clinical implications. In the last section, we have elaborated the 4D radiation therapy and recent advancements and practices.
Pemphigus: New approaches to diagnosis and disease severity assessment
Authors: Teplyuk Natalia P. , Kolesova Yulia V. , Mak Daria V. , Lepekhova Anfisa A. , Toshchakov Stepan V. , Fedotcheva Tatiana A.
Published: November 2023

Pemphigus represents a group of severe and potentially fatal autoimmune bullous diseases. Pemphigus clinical findings represents skin and/or mucous membranes keratinocytes acantholysis with intraepithelial blisters and erosions formation which is life-threatening and, if relapsed, significantly reduce the patients’ quality of life. The on-time disease diagnosis is a key to successful pemphigus management and timely treatment onset allowing intensive disease progression avoidance.
The article reviews up-to-date diagnosing methods and assessment measure for monitoring pemphigus severity. In addition to standard diagnosis methods, such as clinical findings, histological examination, direct and indirect immunofluorescence, and enzyme immunoassay (ELISA), the article focuses on revieing new diagnostic and disease severity prediction approaches, such as microRNAs expression and skin and mucous membranes microbiome analysis since false positive and false negative results in histological and immunohistochemical analysis as well as the laboratories insufficient equipment makes finding pemphigus new diagnostic and prognostic methods a relevant challenge.
Kaposi's sarcoma: Problems of differential diagnosis
Authors: Grabovskaya Olga V. , Teplyuk Natalia P. , Mishin Sergey A. , Grekova Ekaterina V. , Dunaeva Ekaterina R. , Perekhodova Alina V. , Shnakhova Lidia M.
Published: November 2023

Kaposi's sarcoma is a multifocal malignant disease of vascular origin with a primary lesion of the skin, as well as internal organs and lymph nodes. According to various authors, it is believed that Kaposi's sarcoma is associated with herpes simplex virus type 8 (HHV-8).
According to the literature, the following types of Kaposi's sarcoma are distinguished: classical (European), immunosuppressive, endemic (African) and epidemic (this form of sarcoma is associated with the state of acquired immunodeficiency). Clinically, with Kaposi's sarcoma, rashes can vary depending on the form of the disease, among which there are spotty, papular and tumor forms. Also in the literature, some authors distinguish the 4th form of Kaposi's sarcoma ― bullous.
Diagnostic search for Kaposi's sarcoma is a difficult problem due to the large number of diseases of vascular origin, as well as their clinical similarity. The diagnostic methods described in the literature include many studies, including a blood test for HHV-8, as well as routine histological examination and immunohistochemistry.
The article presents a rare clinical case of Kaposi's sarcoma in a young girl with a long history of the disease.
Experience of the 193 small intestine reconstructions of ureters
Authors: Komyakov Boris K. , Al-Attar Talat Kh. , Kirichenko Oleg A. , Mkhana Khusam M. , Pirozhok Julia S.
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND: The ureteral plastic surgery with their extended constrictions and obliterations remains one of the most difficult problems of reconstructive urology. This is especially true in cases where it is impossible to repair the patency of the ureter due to unchanged urinary tract sections. In such cases, various segments of the gastrointestinal tract and, above all, the ileum proved to be the best plastic material. However, the number of such operations in the world is not enough, which requires further accumulation of experience and study of long-term results of ileoureteroplasty.
AIM: The aim of the research is to present the technical features and results of intestinal plastic surgery of ureters.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: From 2001 to 2023 ileoureteroplasty was performed in 193 patients of the Clinic of the North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov on the basis of the urological department of City Multidisciplinary Hospital No. 2. The panel consisted of 71 men (36.8%), 122 women (63.2%). The average age was 51 ± 3.2 years. Indications for these operations were extensive defects of the ureters as a result of complications of surgical intervention on the upper urinary tract in 69 (35.8%) of patients, radiation therapy — in 54 (28.0%) and the consequences of iatrogenic damage to the ureters — in 40 (20.7%). Megaureter (6.2%), Ormond’s disease (7.3%) and neoplasms of the ureters (2.0%) were observed less frequently.
RESULTS: Unilateral ileoureteroplasty was performed 153 (79.3%), bilateral — 40 (20.7%). The total number of ureteralsurgeries is 235. Since 2013 ileureteroplasty has also been performed with laparoscopic method, and the share of such operations for this period was 35.9%. The early postoperative complications occurred in 18 (9.3%) patients. There were no fatal outcomes. Late complications developed in 16 (11.2%) of 143 examined patients.
CONCLUSIONS: This surgical tactics may be recommended in the clinical practice of large urological hospital due to our 22-year experience in using small intestine segments to replace extended ureteral constrictions with a minimum number of postoperative complications, no deaths and good long-term results allows us to recommend.
Evaluation of the Functional Performance of KLK2 Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T Cell Designs
Authors:   , Guzman Celina , Romano Gabriele , Chan Ruby
Published: November 2023

CAR T cell therapy has been making headlines with its recent success in treating refractory leukemia, lymphoma, and multiple myeloma. It represents a major advancement in immunotherapy for personalized cancer treatment. It is a type of adoptive cell therapy (ACT) that genetically reprograms a patient's own T cells to express synthetic receptors that target tumor antigen and induce cytotoxicity. This therapy, however, has many challenges in translating to an efficacious treatment for solid tumor cancers such as prostate cancer. With prostate cancer being the most common malignancy and one of the leading causes of death in men, there is a substantial lack of knowledge in treating metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer that causes significant loss of life every day. To address this unmet clinical need, several ongoing studies have been focusing on optimizing the CAR T-cell design to be able to impart enhanced antigen-specific cytotoxicity to prostate tumor cells. On a similar note, a recent publication in Nature replaced the CD3[zeta] signaling motif of a CD19 CAR with a modified immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif (ITAM) configuration (termed 1XX) to extend functional persistence of the T cell without compromising its potency. They hypothesized that the redundant signaling of a CAR incorporating all three CD3[zeta] ITAMS may foster counterproductive T cell differentiation and exhaustion, and that calibrating the ITAM activity by mutating 2 of the 3 ITAMs would reprogram T cell function and differentiation. Consequentially, they found that the CARs encoding a single functional ITAM not only outperformed the original CD28 CAR constructs in functional persistence, but balanced effector and memory programs, yielding enhanced therapeutic profiles. The studies described in this thesis aim to test whether 1XX enhanced the functional performance of KLK2 CAR T cells that target prostate cancer cells. I evaluated activation strength mediated by 1XX compared to wildtype CD3[zeta] with 3 functional ITAMs at baseline and following KLK2 stimulation using Jurkat reporter cell lines. I also measured cytotoxicity and cytokine secretion via acute killing assays using primary T cells from human donors. Although I found that the 1XX CAR configurations may reduce baseline tonic signaling; I found no conclusive evidence that this significantly impacted antigen-mediated activation signaling. Upon evaluating the functional performances of the CARs in primary T cells, I found overall comparable activities between CAR construct designs in cytotoxicity and cytokine secretion. Thus, I concluded that although the modified 1XX signaling domain may reduce hyperactivation of the CAR construct, this did not consistently significantly impact the CARs overall effector function and cytotoxicity. Thus, alternative approaches will be needed to significantly improve the functional performance of CAR designs and develop an efficacious CAR T-cell therapy for prostate cancer.
Simulation of a Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) Swarm Control System
Authors: Ngoua-Ndong Avele Jacques.B. , Angoue Avele Marc Bernice
Published: November 2023

A promising direction for the use of UAVs is their association into groups or herds, like the insects observe the principle of swarm organization in the nature. In the case of UAVs, after combining into a swarm, each drone is controlled by its own automation, and the behavior of the swarm can be controlled by a program with elements of artificial intelligence or (several) an operator. In this work, we considered the task of improving the safety of the flight of a group of UAVs in the agro-industrial complex. The simulation of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) swarm control system was created by using the 3D simulator Coppeliasim and the software PyCharm, and it was implemented when monitoring plants in the agro-industrial complex.