bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Endocrine function and gland volume after endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery for nonfunctional pituitary macroadenomas
Authors: Harary Maya , DiRisio Aislyn C. , Dawood Hassan Y. , Kim John , Lamba Nayan , Cho Charles H. , Smith Timothy R. , Zaidi Hasan A. , Laws Edward R.
Published: November 2018

OBJECTIVE

Loss of pituitary function due to nonfunctional pituitary adenoma (NFPA) may be due to compression of the pituitary gland. It has been proposed that the size of the gland and relative perioperative gland expansion may relate to recovery of pituitary function, but the extent of this is unclear. This study aims to assess temporal changes in hormonal function after transsphenoidal resection of NFPA and the relationship between gland reexpansion and endocrine recovery.

METHODS

Patients who underwent endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery by a single surgeon for resection of a nonfunctional macroadenoma were selected for inclusion. Patients with prior pituitary surgery or radiosurgery were excluded. Patient characteristics and endocrine function were extracted by chart review. Volumetric segmentation of the pre- and postoperative (≥ 6 months) pituitary gland was performed using preoperative and long-term postoperative MR images. The relationship between endocrine function over time and clinical attributes, including gland volume, were examined.

RESULTS

One hundred sixty eligible patients were identified, of whom 47.5% were female; 56.9% of patients had anterior pituitary hormone deficits preoperatively. The median tumor diameter and gland volume preoperatively were 22.5 mm (interquartile range [IQR] 18.0–28.8 mm) and 0.18 cm3 (IQR 0.13–0.28 cm3), respectively. In 55% of patients, endocrine function normalized or improved in their affected axes by median last clinical follow-up of 24.4 months (IQR 3.2–51.2 months). Older age, male sex, and larger tumor size were associated with likelihood of endocrine recovery. Median time to recovery of any axis was 12.2 months (IQR 2.5–23.9 months); hypothyroidism was the slowest axis to recover. Although the gland significantly reexpanded from preoperatively (0.18 cm3, IQR 0.13–0.28 cm3) to postoperatively (0.33 cm3, IQR 0.23–0.48 cm3; p < 0.001), there was no consistent association with improved endocrine function.

CONCLUSIONS

Recovery of endocrine function can occur several months and even years after surgery, with more than 50% of patients showing improved or normalized function. Tumor size, and not gland volume, was associated with preserved or recovered endocrine function.
Neural basis of episodic memory in the intermediate term after medial temporal lobe resection
Authors: Jeong Woorim , Lee Hyeongrae , Kim June Sic , Chung Chun Kee
Published: November 2018

OBJECTIVE

How the brain supports intermediate-term preservation of memory in patients who have undergone unilateral medial temporal lobe resection (MTLR) has not yet been demonstrated. To understand the neural basis of episodic memory in the intermediate term after surgery for temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), the authors investigated the relationship between the activation of the hippocampus (HIP) during successful memory encoding and individual memory capacity in patients who had undergone MTLR. They also compared hippocampal activation with other parameters, including structural volumes of the HIP, duration of illness, and age at seizure onset.

METHODS

Thirty-five adult patients who had undergone unilateral MTLR at least 1 year before recruiting and who had a favorable seizure outcome were enrolled (17 left MTLR, 18 right MTLR; mean follow-up 6.31 ± 2.72 years). All patients underwent a standardized neuropsychological examination of memory function and functional MRI scanning with a memory-encoding paradigm of words and figures. Activations of the HIP during successful memory encoding were calculated and compared with standard neuropsychological memory scores, hippocampal volumes, and other clinical variables.

RESULTS

Greater activation in the HIP contralateral to the side of the resection was related to higher postoperative memory scores and greater postoperative memory improvement than the preoperative baseline in both patient groups. Specifically, postoperative verbal memory performance was positively correlated with contralateral right hippocampal activation during word encoding in the left-sided surgery group. In contrast, postoperative visual memory performance was positively correlated with contralateral left hippocampal activation during figure encoding in the right-sided surgery group. Activation of the ipsilateral remnant HIP was not correlated with any memory scores or volumes of the HIP; however, it had a negative correlation with the seizure-onset age and positive correlation with the duration of illness in both patient groups.

CONCLUSIONS

For the first time, a neural basis that supports effective intermediate-term episodic memory after unilateral MTLR has been characterized. The results provide evidence that engagement of the HIP contralateral rather than ipsilateral to the side of resection is responsible for effective memory function in the intermediate term (> 1 year) after surgery in patients who have undergone left MTLR and right MTLR. Engagement of the material-specific contralesional HIP, verbal memory in the left-sided surgery group, and visual memory in the right-sided surgery group were observed.
Testing the Medina embolization device in experimental aneurysms
Authors: Fahed Robert , Darsaut Tim E. , Salazkin Igor , Gevry Guylaine , Raymond Jean
Published: November 2018

OBJECTIVE

The Medina embolization device (MED) is a novel, braided self-expanding endovascular device designed to occlude aneurysms by constructing an in situ intrasaccular flow diverter. Although a single device can be positioned at the neck of simple spherical in vitro aneurysms, the best way to occlude more complex in vivo aneurysms (using multiple MEDs or a combination of MEDs and platinum coils) is currently unknown.

METHODS

Fifty-two aneurysms of 3 different types were created in 31 canines, yielding 48 patent aneurysms. Treatments were randomly allocated by drawing lots: group 1, MEDs alone (n = 16); group 2, MEDs plus standard platinum coils (n = 16); and group 3, control aneurysms treated with coils alone (n = 16). Angiographic results were scored and compared immediately following treatment completion and at 3 months. Specimens were photographed and the extent of neointimal closure of the aneurysmal neck scored, followed by histopathological analyses.

RESULTS

Angiographic scores of 0 or 1 (occlusion or near occlusion) were initially obtained in 2 of 16 (12.5%, 95% CI 1.6%–38.3%) group 1 (MEDs alone), 3 of 16 (18.7%, 95% CI 4%–45.6%) group 2 (MEDs plus coils), and 10 of 16 (62.5%, 95% CI 35.4%–84.8%) group 3 (coils alone) aneurysms (p = 0.005). At 3 months, scores of 0 or 1 were found in 11 of 16 (68.7%, 95% CI 41.3%–89.0%) group 1, 9 of 16 (56.2%, 95% CI 29.9%–80.2%) group 2, and 8 of 16 (50%, 95% CI 24.7%–75.3%) group 3 aneurysms (p = 0.82). Neointimal scores were similar for the 3 treated groups (p = 0.66).

CONCLUSION

Endovascular treatment of experimental aneurysms with MEDs or MEDs and coils showed angiographic occlusion and neointimal scores at 3 months that were similar to those achieved with standard platinum coiling.
Pedicled temporoparietal fascial flap for combined revascularization in adult moyamoya disease
Authors: Ravina Kristine , Rennert Robert C. , Strickland Ben A. , Chien Mark , Carey Joseph N. , Russin Jonathan J.
Published: November 2018

Moyamoya disease (MMD) is a progressive, idiopathic cerebrovascular occlusive disease. Various revascularization techniques including direct, indirect, and combined microvascular bypasses have been described. This article presents a modified revascularization technique for MMD utilizing a pedicled temporoparietal fascial flap (TPFF) for combined revascularization. This technique combines a large area of coverage for indirect revascularization with the benefits of a direct bypass. The pedicled TPFF also benefits from intact venous drainage to minimize the risk of flap swelling that could result in complications from mass effect.
Comparative accuracies of electrodiagnostic and imaging studies in neonatal brachial plexus palsy
Authors: Smith Brandon W. , Chang Kate W. C. , Yang Lynda J. S. , Spires Mary Catherine
Published: November 2018

OBJECTIVE

The incorporation of ancillary testing in the preoperative setting for patients with neonatal brachial plexus palsy (NBPP) remains controversial, but the recommendation for early nerve reconstruction when a baby has a preganglionic lesion at the lower nerve roots is generally accepted. At some specialty centers, nerve surgeons use preoperative electrodiagnostic testing (EDX) and imaging to aid in lesion localization and the preoperative planning of the nerve reconstruction. EDX and imaging have been evaluated for their abilities to detect pre- and postganglionic lesions, but their accuracies have never been compared directly in the same set of patients. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the accuracy of imaging and EDX in an NBPP population.

METHODS

A retrospective review was conducted of 54 patients with operative NBPP seen between 2007 and 2017. The patients underwent EDX and imaging: EDX was performed, and the results were reviewed by board-certified electrodiagnosticians, and imaging was reviewed by board-certified neuroradiologists. The gold standard was considered to be the findings at surgical exploration. Descriptive and analytical statistics were utilized to compare the accuracies of imaging and EDX.

RESULTS

The mean age at surgery was 6.94 mos (± 4 mos). Fifteen patients (28%) were Narakas grade I–II, and 39 (72%) were Narakas grade III–IV. For all nerve roots, the overall accuracy of detecting preganglionic lesions was 74% for EDX and 69% for imaging. The overall sensitivity of detecting preganglionic lesions by EDX was 31%, but the specificity was 90%. The overall sensitivity of detecting preganglionic lesions by imaging was 66%, and the overall specificity was 70%. However, at C8, EDX was 37.5% sensitive and 87.5% specific, whereas imaging was 67.7% sensitive but only 29.4% specific.

CONCLUSIONS

EDX outperformed imaging with regard to specificity and accuracy of identifying preganglionic injuries. This finding is especially relevant in the lower nerve roots, given that lower plexus preganglionic lesions are an accepted indication for early intervention.
Regression of cephalic index following endoscopic repair of sagittal synostosis
Authors: Pickersgill Nicholas A. , Skolnick Gary B. , Naidoo Sybill D. , Smyth Matthew D. , Patel Kamlesh B.
Published: November 2018

OBJECTIVE

Metrics used to quantify preoperative severity and postoperative outcomes for patients with sagittal synostosis include cephalic index (CI), the well-known standard, and the recently described adjusted cephalic index (aCI), which accounts for altered euryon location. This study tracks the time course of these measures following endoscopic repair with orthotic helmet therapy. The authors hypothesize that CI and aCI show significant regression following endoscope-assisted repair.

METHODS

CT scans or 3D photographs of patients with nonsyndromic sagittal synostosis treated before 6 months of age by endoscope-assisted strip craniectomy and postoperative helmet therapy (n = 41) were reviewed retrospectively at three time points (preoperatively, 0–2 months after helmeting, and > 24 months postoperatively). The CI and aCI were measured at each time point.

RESULTS

Mean CI and aCI increased from 71.8 to 78.2 and 62.7 to 72.4, respectively, during helmet treatment (p < 0.001). At final follow-up, mean CI and aCI had regressed significantly from 78.2 to 76.5 and 72.4 to 69.7, respectively (p < 0.001). The CI regressed in 33 of 41 cases (80%) and aCI in 39 of 41 cases (95%). The authors observed a mean loss of 31% of improvement in aCI achieved through treatment. A strong, positive correlation existed between CI and aCI (R = 0.88).

CONCLUSIONS

Regression following endoscope-assisted strip craniectomy with postoperative helmet therapy commonly occurs in patients with sagittal synostosis. Future studies are required to determine whether duration of helmet therapy or modifications in helmet design affect regression.
Surgical management of congenital thoracic kyphosis and multilevel bilateral thoracic pedicle aplasia: case report
Authors: Lau Darryl , Dalle Ore Cecilia L. , Martin Kenneth W. , Policy James F. , Sun Peter P.
Published: November 2018

Pedicle aplasia is an uncommon congenital anomaly most frequently involving the absence of a single pedicle at a single vertebral level. Bilateral pedicle aplasia at multiple levels is exceedingly rare and has only been described once previously in the literature. While single-level pedicle aplasia is often asymptomatic and discovered incidentally, pedicle aplasia of multiple levels may produce severe spinal deformities and neurological deficits. Due to the rarity of this condition, optimal management remains uncertain. In this case report, the authors describe the surgical management of a healthy 9-year-old boy who presented with frequent falls, difficulty running, and severe thoracic kyphotic deformity and was found to have bilateral pedicle aplasia from T3 to T9. A review of the literature regarding pedicle aplasia is also presented.
Coping strategies used by caregivers of children with newly diagnosed brain tumors
Authors: Cutillo Alexandra , Zimmerman Kathrin , Davies Susan , Madan-Swain Avi , Landier Wendy , Arynchyna Anastasia , Rocque Brandon G.
Published: November 2018

OBJECTIVE

The goal of this study was to determine what strategies caregivers use to cope with the stress of a child who has recently undergone surgical treatment for a newly diagnosed brain tumor. Results will be used to improve psychosocial assessments and treatments provided to these families during initial hospitalization.

METHODS

Caregivers of children with newly diagnosed brain tumors admitted to Children’s of Alabama were enrolled during the child’s initial hospitalization for surgical treatment from April 2016 to August 2017. The single-item, National Comprehensive Cancer Network visual analog Distress Thermometer (DT) was administered. Clinical and demographic variables were collected from the medical record. Approximately 1 month after patients were discharged from the hospital, caregivers participated in a semistructured interview that included questions about parent and family coping strategies. Broad questions about stress management since diagnosis were followed by specific questions about individual coping strategies. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and coded for common themes. Themes were broadly characterized as adaptive versus maladaptive coping. Analysis was then performed to determine if DT scores or clinical or demographic factors were associated with the presence of maladaptive coping using a concurrent triangulation mixed-methods design.

RESULTS

Caregivers identified several adaptive coping strategies, such as active coping, acceptance coping, emotion-focused coping, spiritual coping, social support, and posttraumatic growth. Maladaptive coping strategies were mostly categorized as avoidant coping. Caregivers endorsed multiple different coping strategies (mean of 4.59 strategies per caregiver). No clinical or demographic variables, whether the tumor was benign or malignant, or the DT score correlated with caregiver endorsement of maladaptive coping strategies.

CONCLUSIONS

Caregivers of children newly diagnosed with brain tumors employ a number of coping strategies, some of which are maladaptive. The authors have not identified any method for predicting who is at risk for maladaptive coping. Assessment of coping skills and education about coping have the potential to improve overall care delivery to these families.
Identification of genotypes and marker validation for grain filling
rate and grain filling duration in wheat under conservation agriculture
Authors: Yadav Rajbir , Kumar Ashish , Gupta Soma , Gaikwad K. B. , Jain Neelu , Ranjan Rumesh , Kumar Manjeet
Published: November 2018

Increase in ambient temperature beyond threshold level as predicted by global climate models may impact wheat production severely in India if it happens during grain filling stage. Grain filling rate (GFR) and grain filling duration (GFD) are critical determinant for final grain yield realization in wheat. GFR in wheat follow a slow-fast-slow pattern, however, wheat genotypes may have quantitative differences in this pattern. Ninty six diverse wheat
genotypes were evaluated for GFR in two phases i.e. during first 20 days after anthesis and thereafter up to physiological maturity and grain filling duration. Out of 96 genotypes, six namely, G958, G1203, G1219, G1275, HD2985 and HDCSW18 were having high GFR during initial phase while seven genotypes viz., G949, G1081, G1124, G1159, G1204, HD3059 and HD2380 exhibited high GFR at terminal phase of grain development. Genotypes, G1263, G1207, G1423 along with some of the released varieties, HD2285, WH1105 and HD2864 were having higher GFD. Correlation between the two traits were not significant (r = -0.17959). ANOVA for GFR and GFD indicated highly significant variability among the genotypes. QTLs identified for GFR and GFD elsewhere were validated in Indian breeding material under conservation agriculture. Two SSR markers viz., XCfd42 and Xwmc500 explained about 6% and 1% variation for GFR, respectively. Similarly, already reported marker Xwmc382 was able to explain about 8% of variation for GFD in the Indian breeding material. It has been postulated from the study that by crossing the genotypes with high GFR in different grain growth stages like HD CSW 18 and HD 3059, genotypes with consistently high grain filling rate throughout the grain growth stage can be developed. The markers XCfd42 and Xwmc 382 can be further explored for fine mapping to integrate in the breeding programme for selection.
Association of Lr 34 gene complex with spot blotch disease resistance at molecular level in wheat (T. aestivum L.)
Authors: Kumar Uttam , Kumar Suneel , Singh Ravi P. , Joshi Arun Kumar , Röder Marion S. , Chhuneja Parveen , Mavi Gurvinder S.
Published: November 2018

Leaf rust and spot blotch are among most important wheat diseases causing substantial yield losses in several parts of the world. The studies at phenotypic level suggested that, leaf tip necrosis (LTN) not only associated with multi fungal resistance gene Lr34 but also confer spot blotch resistance. This LTN – spot blotch association has not
been tested at molecular level and hardly validated in different genetic backgrounds. A total of 87 near isogenic lines (NILs) segregating for Lr34 gene were evaluated for spot blotch resistance and genotyped with the molecular markers linked to QTL QSb.bhu-7D. A set of 147 advanced breeding lines was also evaluated for spot blotch besides being genotyped with markers belonging to Lr34 genic region. Out of 14 markers located on chromosome 7D, four markers segregated in NILs. The genotypic and phenotypic results indicated that the markers reportedly linked with spot blotch differentiate Lr34+ and Lr34- lines and vice versa. This supports the hypothesis that Lr34, Yr18 and QSb.bhu-7D lies in the same gene region. Hence, the linked markers may be used to select both for Lr34 and spot blotch resistant lines.
Study on floral traits and seed setting in parental lines of hybrid rice
during early ahu and kharif seasons
Authors: Phukan Aradhana , Barua P. K. , Sarma D. , Deka S. D.
Published: November 2018

Two CMS lines, IR 58025A and IR 68888A along with their maintainers and two fertility restorers, LuitR and IR 36R, were evaluated for flower and plant characters during early ahu (February-June) and kharif (July-November) seasons. IR 58025A showed longer stigmata and styles, and higher spikelet Length/Breadth (L/B) ratio while IR 68888A showed broader stigmata and wider glume opening angle in both the seasons. IR 68888A also exhibited higher pollen sterility during early ahu. IR 36R was characterized with broad anthers. LuitR showed longer and broader anthers with more pollen than others. Plant height, flag leaf length, flag leaf width and area were higher in IR 36R. Panicle exsertion was complete in pollen parents whereas it was 78-80% in CMS lines. The widest flag leaf angle was found in IR 58025B during early Ahu and in IR 36R during kharif. Kharif season was more favourable for growth of the plants with higher seed set percentage while floral traits of the CMS lines were better expressed in early Ahu. Manipulation of the seeding sequence of the parental lines in early Ahu is warranted for better seed set provided the seed crop escapes heavy premonsoon showers during reproductive stage. IR 68888A/LuitR was a good combination for pollen dispersal and seed setting.
Evaluation of genotypic variation for growth of rice seedlings under
optimized hydroponics medium
Authors: Pandey Renu , Sharma Sandeep , Borah Priyanka , Meena Mukesh Kumar , Bindraban Prem
Published: November 2018

Although rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a semi-aquatic plant, its growth in solution culture is often problematic. In commonly used rice hydroponics media, plants exhibited mild nitrogen deficiency, leaf tip burn, salt deposition, along with zinc and iron deficiency. Therefore, we aimed to optimize the nutrient media for growing rice plants taking into consideration the nutrient concentration, pH and ratio of NH4 + to NO3 – nitrogen (N) and named it as ‘Pusa Rice Hydroponics’ (PusaRicH). PusaRicH contains higher amounts of macronutrients, significantly lower B, Mn and Cl and higher amounts of Zn than two commonly used hydroponics media, ‘Yoshida’ and ‘Kumura B’. The optimal ratio of NH4 + to NO3 – – N in PusaRicH medium was 0.5 mM NH4 + and 7.0 mM NO3 – with pH 5.0. The PusaRicH medium was validated by growing 100 diverse rice genotypes and it significantly outperformed the widely cited ‘Yoshida’ and ‘Kimura B’. Cluster analysis carried out on the squared Euclidean distance matrix of biomass and leaf area values of genotypes revealed four major clusters in all hydroponics medium. However, only PusaRicH medium resulted in ten genotypes as good performers in comparison to other two
widely cited media. Therefore, the optimized PusaRicH medium can be used successfully to grow rice seedlings in hydroponic system which will aid in screening large number of genotypes in breeding and other physiological experiments.
Liquidity risk management: practice among Croatian
firms
Authors: Karanović Goran , Karanović Bisera , Gnjidić Martina
Published: November 2018

The main purpose of this paper is to explore the practice of liquidity risk management of Croatian business entities. The analysis is based on a survey of 62 business entities in Croatia. The authors investigate the existence of risk management and liquidity risk management measures among the surveyed business entities. The respondents’ knowledge of management, their use of indicators and methods for the management of liquidity risk, in addition to the cited reasons for implementation of liquidity risk measures were also subject to examination. Furthermore, the authors investigate the importance of liquidity management in business. The analysis reveals that Croatian business entities have neither sufficient knowledge regarding the majority of financial indicators, nor they tend to use liquidity management plans. Consequently, the survey’s findings indicate that the overall level of financial knowledge of Croatian managers is inadequate. This can, thus, be identified as one of the reasons for the traditionally high number of illiquid business entities in the market. Finally, this paper provides academia and policymakers with new revelations concerning the management of liquidity risk among business entities in Croatia.
Prihvaćenost poduzetničkog načina razmišljanja kod studenata
Authors: Širola Davor , Baltić Livia
Published: November 2018

Poduzetnički način razmišljanja drži se jednim od najvažnijih koncepata koji promovira i potiče Europska unija u funkciji potpunijeg iskorištavanja i razvoja osobnih i društvenih potencijala, jačanja konkurentske snage gospodarstva i uloge pratećih institucija, posebno obrazovnih. Svrha ovog istraživanja bila je utvrditi čimbenike koji jačaju sklonost poduzetničkom ponašanju i vjerojatnost pokretanja posla.
Iako nositelji politika imaju velika očekivanja od uloge visokoškolskog
poduzetničkog obrazovanja u procesu širenja poduzetničkog načina razmišljanja, slijedom rezultata istraživanja u ovom radu poduzetničko obrazovanje u Republici Hrvatskoj ne predstavlja značajan čimbenik jačanja poduzetničkog ponašanja i stjecanja poduzetničkih kompetencija.

Naime, rezultati istraživanja na uzorku studenata različitih studija Veleučilišta u Rijeci upućuju da se studenti mogu više oslanjati na osobno iskustvo i poduzetničko podrijetlo u obitelji, kao čimbenike koji
su pozitivno i statistički značajno povezani sa sklonosti poduzetničkom
ponašanju te vjerojatnosti pokretanja vlastitog posla. Ujedno je utvrđeno da sklonost poduzetničkom ponašanju predstavlja statistički značajan prediktor vjerojatnosti pokretanja vlastitog posla. Slijedi da su nužne promjene u visokoškolskom poduzetničkom obrazovanju, kako u pogledu ishoda učenja, tako i metoda poučavanja, da bi ono još kvalitetnije ispunilo svoju misiju u jačanju poduzetničkog načina razmišljanja i poduzetničkog ponašanja.
Strukturne reforme zemalja CEE-a u
tranzicijskom razdoblju
Authors: Olgić Draženović Bojana , Buterin Vesna , Buterin Denis
Published: November 2018

Procesi financijske intermedijacije imali su važnu ulogu u transformaciji zemalja CEE-a u tržišne ekonomije. Intervencije države u mobiliziranju i alociranju financijskih resursa prepoznate su kao efikasan i brz put k razvijanju financijskih sustava. Stoga su nositelji
ekonomske politike usmjerili svoje napore k osiguranju bazičnih zakonodavnih okvira i potrebne infrastrukture, kao i dizajniranju i implementiranju primjerenih strukturnih reformi. Uz navedeno, razvoj sustava potaknut je i adekvatnim institucijskim okvirom. Institucijskom promjenom može se smatrati proces koji dovodi do rasta institucija i njihovog kvalitativnog razvoja. U početku tranzicijskog procesa, gospodarstva CEE-a i institucije bili su značajno određeni tradicijom i nasljeđem bankocentričnog sustava, kao i izostankom ostalih financijskih
institucija i tržišta, a ujedno je razvoj institucija dosegnuo različite razine napretka. Razvoj financijskih tržišta i institucijskih investitora kao alternative klasičnom i dominirajućem bankovnom financiranju, u zemljama CEE-a u velikoj mjeri bio je potaknut strukturnim reformama od kojih se posebno ističu privatizacija i uvođenje mirovinskog sustava kapitalizirane štednje, jačanje supervizorskih struktura i različitih modaliteta fiskalne konsolidacije.
Cilj rada je ukazati na važnost odabira i implementiranja strukturnih reformi koje pridonose razvoju financijskog sustava i napretku ekonomija
CEE-a.
La mujer del emperador: Ana María Huarte de Iturbide. Un perfil biográfico (1786-1822)
Authors: Navarro Méndez José María
Published: November 2018

El interés por la figura de Ana Huarte de Iturbide radica en dos aspectos que queremos resaltar antes de exponer un perfil biográfico, el cual tiene la intención de centrarse en la nobleza del personaje, y su alza tras la culminación de la Independencia de México. La vida de una mujer “excepcional” representa un paradigma para la historia de la nación. Si bien Ana Huarte no ha tenido fuerte presencia en la historia patria, es ella la primera mujer destacable en el México Independiente. Por último, salvarla de la invisibilidad histórica es un proyecto que parte de la historia del género que busca introducir a la mujer en el relato universal del hombre y mostrar que la misma Ana Huarte no es solo un personaje anecdótico o decorativo del mismo Iturbide como la historiografía mexicana la ha mostrado.
Ventilation for the Nation: Fresh Air, Sunshine, and the Warfare on Germs in China's National Quest for Hygienic Modernity, 1849-1949
Authors: Svarverud Rune
Published: November 2018

This article analyses ideas about indoor air pollution, fresh and foul air, ventilation and modern hygiene in China during the century between 1849 and 1949. The main focus is on conceptions of and provisions against air pollution in China during this period. The article scrutinises the early history of air pollution in China through a study of the introduction of scientific information, the foreign inspiration for health, hygiene and ventilation, the popular discourse, and the dissemination of knowledge about air quality, fresh air and ventilation. Air pollution in this article is understood in a broad sense involving all airborne substances seen to have adverse health effects on humans, thus including ideas about the positive and negative health effects of clean and fresh air, dust particles, germs and sunshine. This is a story of how science and technology formed part of the history of transmission of knowledge from West to East and how this knowledge took on new and indigenous forms in its Chinese context. This analysis can serve as a historical grounding for understanding current interpretations of fresh and foul air in China today.
CHANGES OF 8-OXO-2'-DEOXYGUANOSINE LEVEL IN MOUSE LIVER CELLS DNA IN CASE OF ACUTE TOXIC STRESS
Authors: Marmiy N. V. , Esipov D. S.
Published: November 2018

The changes of the 8-oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxo-dG)/dG ratio in the DNA of laboratory mice hepatocytes under the influence of toxic stress were studied. It was shown that the injection of carbon tetrachloride causes the growth of 8-oxo-dG level. A rapid increase in the level of 8-oxo-dG in DNA occurs during the first day of the experiment at short-term toxic stress. Subsequently, 48 hours after the initial injection, the level of 8-oxo-dG decreases to the control values. This change in the value of the biomarker can be attributed to the activation of the reparative and antioxidant systems. The subsequent injection results again in an increase of 8-oxo-dG level, and the latter only increases thereafter. This reflects the exhaustion of the reparative potential of the organism and accompanies the progress of inflammation and pathological change of the liver tissue.
Studying and fabricating p - type transparent conducting antimony - doped SnO2 thin films by magnetron sputtering
Authors: Dang Phuc Huu , Nguyen Duan Van , Nguyen Vu Si Hoai , Le Hieu Van , Le Tran
Published: November 2018

Sb doped tin oxide films (ATO) were fabricated on Quart glasses from (SnO2 + Sb2O3) mixture ceramic target by direct current (DC) magnetron sputtering in Ar ambient gas at working pressure of 2.10-3 torr. X ray diffraction (XRD), Hall - effect measurements and UV-vis spectra were performed to characterize the deposited films. The substrate temperature of films was investigated for two ways. Films were annealed in Ar ambient gas after deposited at room temperature in one way. They were deposited directly with different temperatures in the other. It is found that the fabricated of ATO films in the first way was easier than the other. Deposited films showed p type electrical property, polycrystalline tetragonal rutile structure and their average transmittance was above 80 % in visible light range at the optimum annealing temperature of 500oC. The best electrical properties of film were obtained on 10 %wt Sb2O3 doped SnO2 target with its resistivity, hole concentration and Hall mobility are 0.55 Ω.cm, 1.2.1019 cm-3 and 0.54 cm2V-1s-1, respectively.
Estudio del factor de disipación dieléctrica como herramienta diagnóstica
Authors: Fariñas-Coronado Wilfredo , Paz Zenaida , J Orta Gregorio , Rodrìguez-Denis Ernesto
Published: November 2018

Introducción. El estudio de las propiedades eléctricas de los tejidos biológicos data del siglo XIX. El desarrollo de esta línea de investigación y sus aplicaciones clínicas se han visto incrementadas en los últimos tiempos debido a la comprobada aplicación del análisis de las propiedades dieléctricas de los tejidos biológicos. En este artículo se presentan los valores del factor de disipación dieléctrica, en función de la frecuencia, de un conjunto de muestras de tejido mamario en condiciones sanas y patológicas.
Material y métodos. Las propiedades eléctricas de las muestras que se consideraron, capacitancia y conductancia, fueron medidas en un intervalo de frecuencia entre 10 Hz y 10 MHz utilizando un analizador de impedancia HP4192A en modo logarítmico y calibrado para compensar las perdidas parásitas producto del arreglo de electrodos. La señal utilizada fue de 500 mV rms, considerando un modelo RC en paralelo, un barrido logarítmico de frecuencia en 6 décadas y un modo de barrido de datos denominado AVERAGE disponible en el equipo analizador de impedancia. La adquisición se realizó en forma automática utilizando un software diseñado por el CIB-UNEXPO con plataforma LabView 5.01, denominado Z-Mammario Soft®.
Resultados y conclusiones. De los resultados se observa una marcada diferencia del factor de disipación dieléctrica entre los tejidos sanos y patológicos en el intervalo de frecuencia entre 1 KHz y 1 MHz.
La enfermedad de Chagas en el Estado de Yucatán, México. (1940-2002)
Authors: E Zavala-Velázquez Jorge
Published: November 2018

La primera evidencia de enfermedad de Chagas en Yucatán surge en 1940, pero es hasta 1972 que se lleva al cabo la primera investigación formal sobre esta enfermedad. Este estudio demostró una prevalencia serológica de 11.2%, encontrando también 12 (0.5%) casos clínicos. En este mismo estudio se encontró que los vectores (triatoma) tenían una prevalencia de infección para T. cruzi del 17.3%. Diecinueve años después la prevalencia en vectores seguía siendo similar (16%), pero por primera vez se detecta un elevado índice de colonización y un año después se demuestra que entre los hábitos biológicos del triatoma el humano ocupa ya el primer lugar en preferencias cuando quince año antes ocupaba el cuarto lugar. En 1985 otro estudio demostró que la seroprevalencia se había incrementado a un 18%. En la década de los 90´s dos realizados en donadores de sangre demostraron la posibilidad de riesgo de contagio a través de la transfusión sanguínea. Estudios realizados en fechas recientes han permitido conocer que la temperatura tiene un papel preponderante en la capacidad transmisora del triatoma y que las cepas encontradas en Yucatán son filogenéticamente diferentes a las del resto del país. También se ha completado el panorama de los componentes proteicos mitocondriales del T. cruzi con lo que se tienen posibilidades de identificar blancos potenciales para la investigación de drogas terapéuticas. Con este trabajo se demuestra como el conocimiento alcanzado a lo largo del tiempo puede contribuir a la solución de problemas de salud que afectan a una población y como la investigación permite el desarrollo de nuevos conocimientos.
Prevalencia de tumor venéreo transmisible en perros callejeros de la ciudad de Mérida, Yucatán, México
Authors: Ortega-Pacheco Antonio , Acevedo-Arcique Martín , Sauri-Arceo Carlos , Bolio-González Manuel , Gutiérrez-Blanco Eduardo
Published: November 2018

Introducción. El tumor venéreo transmisible (TVT) es una neoplasia específica del perro que ocurre generalmente en la mucosa de los genitales. Éste es transmitido principalmente durante el coito y se encuentra ampliamente distribuido en el ámbito mundial, donde los perros callejeros tienen un papel importante en la diseminación. El objetivo de este trabajo fue el de determinar la prevalencia de TVT en perros callejeros capturados y concentrados en la perrera municipal de la ciudad de Mérida Yucatán, México y determinar su frecuencia de acuerdo al sexo y edad de los animales.
Materiales y métodos. Se revisaron 303 perros capturados después de ser sacrificados en la perrera municipal de Mérida, en busca de masas sugestivas a TVT. Se realizaron frotis de las masas sospechosas y se evaluaron microscópicamente para determinar su origen. Se determino la prevalencia de esta patología y su frecuencia de acuerdo al sexo y la edad.
Resultados. Se encontró una prevalencia del 2.64% (n= 8) la cual fue ligeramente mayor en hembras (3.03%) que en los machos (2.18%); ésta se observó en animales de 3 años y mayores 4 años de edad.
Discusión. Se encontró una baja prevalencia de esta neoplasia en los perros evaluados probablemente por ser poco diseminada en la población canina callejera de la ciudad o por regresión espontánea. El sexo no parece ser un factor importante en la aparición de esta patología y se observa con mayor frecuencia en animales adultos y viejos por estar más tiempo expuestos al riesgo.
Synthesis, in vitro Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitory Activity Evaluation and Docking Investigation of Some Aromatic Chalcones
Authors: Dao Tran Thanh , Son Tran Thai , Vi Nguyen Thi Cam , Tri Le Minh , Minh Thai Khac
Published: November 2018

In this study, a total of twenty chalcones were synthesized via Claisen-Schmidt condensation reaction and evaluated for their in vitro acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activities using Ellman’s method. Molecular docking studies on acetylcholinesterase were performed to elucidate the interactions between these chalcone derivatives and acetylcholinesterase active site at the molecular level. From the series, six compounds (S1-5 and S17) exhibited strong acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activities with IC50 values below 100 μM compared to the parent unsubstituted chalcone. Compound S17 (4’-amino-2-chlorochalcone) showed the strongest acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity in the investigated group with IC50 value of 36.10 μM. Molecular modeling studies were consistent with the results of in vitro acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activities, and chalcone S17 could be considered as a potential lead compound for the development of new acetylcholinesterase inhibitors.
Trabajo en equipo en fuentes tradicionales y el desempeño laboral en el Centro Comercial Alameda del Calzado de Trujillo, 2014
Authors: Valderrama Plasencia Lorenzo
Published: November 2018

La investigación se basa en «hallazgos» que demuestran la práctica muy ancestral del trabajo en equipo, recurriendo para ello a la información de las fuentes tradicionales sobre las antiguas civilizaciones en el Perú: el Imperio Incaico con las ruinas de Machu Picchu y la Cultura Moche. Tal información fue contrastada mediante las entrevistas a ingenieros y arquitectos, así como mediante una encuesta aplicada a los miembros socios de la «Alameda del Calzado» y permitió conocer y justificar el valor del trabajo en equipos. La muestra es la población conformada por los cien miembros socios. Esta investigación aplicada y descriptiva, además de documental e histórica ha permitido concluir que el trabajo en equipo desde milenios contribuye a la mejora del desempeño laboral cumpliendo el objetivo en el mismo sentido, en especial en el Centro Comercial Alameda del Calzado.
Propuesta de implementación de estación de transferencia de residuos sólidos en la zona urbana del distrito de Huaraz
Authors: Loarte Rubina Maximiliano , León Huerta Francisco , Depaz Celi Kiko , Tuya Cerna Bheny
Published: November 2018

Esta investigación se orienta a la implementación de una estación de transferencia para la recolección y transporte de residuos sólidos en la ciudad de Huaraz. Identifica más de 95 botaderos cuyo volumen varia de 1m3 hasta 3150 m3; se ha caracterizado cada botadero descubriendo que predominan los residuos sólidos de construcción, los plásticos, las botellas, y la producción per cápita es de 0.567 kg/hab-día en la zona residencial y más de 2,67 kg/hab-día en zona comercial. Realiza el diseño de rutas tomando en cuenta los sentidos de circulación de doble peine; o de un solo peine, el costo del servicio de recolección y transporte sin y con estación de transferencia con los 7 vehículos compactadores de la municipalidad de Huaraz con 21 trabajadores. Calcúla el tiempo aproximado de transporte de residuos sólidos desde el Puente San Gerónimo hasta el relleno sanitario de Carhuashjirca, pues llega a las 1.15 horas. Se concluye implementar una estación de transferencia que permita manejar la recolección hasta el 99.9%, y ahorrar al año la suma de S/ 634,961.62.
Mejoramiento del confort térmico de vivienda en uso en la ciudad de Huaraz con el aprovechamiento de la energía solar pasiva
Authors: Silva Lindo Marco , Depaz Blácido Richard , Alva Villacorta Oscar
Published: November 2018

En la región Áncash, dadas las bajas temperaturas, es importante tener una vivienda con un adecuado comportamiento térmico que incremente el confort y salvaguarde la salud de sus habitantes; este proyecto establece como objetivo mejorar las condiciones de confort térmico en una vivienda en uso en la ciudad de Huaraz, con el aprovechamiento de la energía solar pasiva. La metodología fue experimental, con un diseño pre-experimental de pre-prueba/post-test de una vivienda. Determinó las características de temperatura y humedad relativa. Y se definieron las intervenciones a realizarse. La humedad relativa se redujo del 23% a 46%, mientras que la temperatura de los ambientes aumentó en 1.2ºC hasta 2.6ºC, obteniéndo habitaciones con una temperatura considerada como confortable en invierno que es de 20 +/- 2°C. Los ambientes logran temperaturas mayores a 20ºC por más de siete horas diarias. La implementación tiene un beneficio cuantificable en ahorro de energía eléctrica. Entre los beneficios no cuantificables de la implementación se tiene que los ocupantes de la vivienda tienen una mejor calidad de vida al tener ambientes más confortables.
Comercio informal, características e incidencia en la externalización de costos en la ciudad de Huaraz
Authors: Tarazona Jiménez John
Published: November 2018

El trabajo de investigación analiza el comercio informal ambulatorio, sus características e incidencia en la externalización de costos en la ciudad de Huaraz, departamento de Áncash, Perú. Para el desarrollo de la investigación se aplicaron cuestionarios estructurados a muestras aleatorias, en tres zonas donde se concentra el comercio informal dentro de la ciudad de Huaraz. De los resultados se infiere la existencia de relación entre una condición de alta externalización de costos y el poco interés por la formalización; de manera inversa, en aquellos comerciantes informales cuya condición de externalización es baja, tienen mayor interés en formalizarse. Además se ha determinado los factores que contribuyen a una mayor externalización de costos en los comerciantes informales de la ciudad de Huaraz y, por tanto, poco interés hacia la formalización. Estos factores se han identificado como la edad del comerciante informal, el número de días que realiza la actividad de comercio informal, lugar donde adquiere la mercadería.
El morfema –ku en el Quechua Ancashino
Authors: Carranza Romero Francisco
Published: November 2018

Describe y analiza las diferentes realizaciones morfosemánticas del sufijo –ku en el quechua ancashino. La presencia del sufijo –ku en el quechua Ancashino es abundante, además cumple diferentes funciones gramaticales y, consecuentemente, adquiere diferentes significados. La data analizada corresponde a los datos empíricos propios acopiados en varios años de investigación en las diferentes áreas que comprende el quechua ancashino. Se aborda el estudio desde la perspectiva de la lingüística descriptiva andina y se concluye puntualizando que el variado uso del sufijo –ku enriquece el discurso quechua; pero, al mismo tiempo, crea dificultades a los que aprenden el quechua como segunda lengua.
Diseño óptimo para obtener concreto de alta resistencia para obras civiles en zonas altoandinas del Perú
Authors: Bedon López Jorge Emiliano
Published: November 2018

Tradicionalmente, en la ciudad de Huaraz, la construcción inmobiliaria tuvo una tendencia marcada hacia el uso del concreto ordinario o convencional, en razón de que las edificaciones urbanas difícilmente superaban los seis pisos. El casi nulo desarrollo vertical de las construcciones en Huaraz, conllevó a que no se utilizara el concreto de alta resistencia (CAR); pero, la estructuración y forma de desarrollo que caracteriza a los proyectos habitacionales y comerciales en actual desarrollo en dicha ciudad, resulta siendo propicio para el uso del CAR. En el contexto descrito y teniendo en cuenta la similitud con otras ciudades en términos de desarrollo inmobiliario y altitud, nos propusimos: Diseñar un tipo de concreto de alta resistencia que se ajuste a los requerimientos de las obras civiles en las zonas altoandinas del Perú. Para el logro del objetivo se diseñó un concreto convencional patrón, el cual sirvió de base para obtener concretos de mayor resistencia mediante la manipulación de materiales y agregados locales, aditivo y microsílice. Los resultados dan cuenta que en zonas altoandinas del Perú, el CAR (91.5 Mpa a los 90 días), es factible de ser logrado con la siguiente dosificación: materiales y agregados locales, aditivo 2.3% y microsílice 12%.
Evaluación del tanque Imhoff en el tratamiento de las aguas residuales en el Municipio de Colmenar, Málaga
Authors: Alfonso Menacho Vladimir León
Published: November 2018

La depuración de aguas residuales en la depuradora de Colmenar se realiza mediante el uso de biodiscos y del sistema denominado tanque Imhoff, siendo está gestionada por el Consorcio Provincial del Agua de Málaga. El presente trabajo evalua la capacidad depuradora del sistema de tanque Imhoff, basándose en el análisis de parámetros fisicoquímicos en diferentes puntos del sistema a lo largo de un período de tiempo determinado. Esta evaluación se basa en el estudio de la caracterización macroscópica de los fangos del sistema. Se concluye que, si bien la depuradora cumple con los parámetros de vertidos, esto no ocurre todos los meses debido a la elevada carga contaminante en la entrada de la EDAR. El funcionamiento del tanque Imhoff es deficiente, el decantador primario presenta rendimiento cero y negativo de la DBO5 y los sólidos en suspensión, el digestor en relación al pH, sólidos suspendidos, potencial redox, el contenido de materia orgánica y la DQO no presentan las características idóneas para su buen funcionamiento en la mayoría de meses. La caracterización macroscópica de los fangos en las probetas  depende principalmente del contenido de sólidos en suspensión y de los gases, esto hace que el fango y los gases se desplacen.
Generación de caudales mensuales en microcuencas no aforadas con el modelo de la National Rural Electric Cooperative Association: Caso microcuenca Chiriac, 2015
Authors: Reyes Rodríguez Toribio
Published: November 2018

La investigación tuvo como objetivo generar caudales mensuales en la microcuenca Chiriac empleando el modelo de la National Rural Electric Cooperative Association de los Estados Unidos, la calibración del modelo se hizo con dos mediciones de caudales realizadas en los meses de agosto y setiembre del 2015, posteriormente se generaron los caudales mensuales. La microcuenca Chiriac aporta un caudal específico de 49.5 litros/s.km2 y 0.01 litros/s.km2 en el mes de marzo y setiembre que son los meses de máximo y mínimo caudal, como conclusión el modelo referido se puede usar para la generación de caudales mensuales en la microcuenca Chiriac.