bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGABDIAN DONOR DARAH PADA MASYARAKAT “SETETES DARAH UNTUK KEMANUSIAAN DITENGAH PANDEMI COVID-19 “
Authors: Lestari Linayati , Tanjung Rona , Ladon Karol Teovani , Elfina Rini
Published: January 2021

Kegiatan pengabdian pada masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk menyosialisasikan donor darah kepada masyarakat ditengah pandemi covid-19 dan sebagai upaya membantu ketersediaan stok darah di Kota Batam. Selain itu tujuan lainnya adalah sebagai upaya mendorong peningkatan kepedulian semua elemen masyarakat dalam kegiatan sosial ditengah masa pandemi covid-19 serta mewujudkan pelaksanaan program pengabdian kepada masyarakat oleh Dosen di Perguruan Tinggi masing-masing, terutama di Kota Batam, Provinsi Kepulauan Riau. Melihat situasi menipisnya stok darah di Palang Merah Indonesia Kota Batam membuat dosen-dosen dengan penuh kesadaran tergerak untuk membantu ketersediaan stok darah tersebut. Kegiatan “Donor Darah” ini dilaksanakan pada bulan September 2020 di Atrium 2 Grand Mall Batam, Kecamatan Lubuk Baja, Kota Batam. Bentuk kegiatan merupakan kegiatan donor darah. Peserta donor darah yang berpartisipasi dari berbagai pihak. Adapun informasi mengenai peserta donor darah adalah sebagai berikut: Peserta yang mendaftar berjumlah 97 orang; peserta yang dinyatakan boleh mendonorkan darah berjumlah 65 orang. Secara umum pelaksanaan kegiatan donor darah “Setetes Darah untuk Kemanusiaan” terlaksana sesuai rencana dan berjalan dengan lancar. Terlaksananya kegiatan tentunya tidak lepas dari dukungan berbagai pihak, baik para peserta donor darah, dosen-dosen, donator, PMI Kota Batam, Polsek Lubuk Baja, panitia dari Universitas Riau Kepulauan (UNRIKA), Universitas Putera Batam (UPB), dan Universitas Ibnu Sina (UIS). Semoga kegiatan sosial donor darah dapat pula terlaksana di masa yang akan datang sebagai wadah sosial untuk kemanusiaan
PELATIHAN MANAJEMEN PEMASARAN BERBASIS ONLINE DI DUSUN BUKIT PERJUANGAN KABUPATEN LABUHANBATU
Authors: Rambe Bhakti Helvi , Hanum Fauziah , Prayoga Yudi
Published: January 2021

Pengabdian kepada masyarakat bertempat di  Dusun Bukit Perjuangan bertujuan untuk membantu permasalahan yang dihadapi para pelaku UMKM, karena kurangnya kemampuan para pelaku UMKM dalam menguasi IPTEK, berpikir kreatif  dan berinovasi dalam  memasarkan  produk  yang akan dijual. Persiapan dilakukan dengan melakukan wawancara untuk melihat kondisi di lapangan mengenai masalah yang dihadapi masyarakat, kemudian kegiatan PKM dilaksanakan dengan dua sesi yaitu sosialisasi peran sosial media bagi para pelaku UMKM dan pelatihan pembuatan akun Facebook, Instagram, Website serta akun berjualan di Maketplace. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa pelaku UMKM di Dusun Bukit Perjuangan sudah mempunyai akun media sosial untuk berjualan dan mampu untuk menggunakannya, serta masyarakat sudah paham trik-trik jitu dalam memasarkan produk secara online serta mampu untuk menciptakan ide-ide baru yang bersumber dari media-media online. Saran kepada aparatur desa agar sering mengadakan sosialisasi maupun pelatihan-pelatihan bagi para masyarakat desa yang baru akan  memulai usahanya sehingga membangkitkan keyakinan dan semangat dalam menekuni usahanya.
Percepção dos enfermeiros na assistência em cuidados paliativos
Authors: Arnauts Daniele Beal , Cavalheiri Jolana Cristina
Published: January 2021

O objetivo do estudo foi identificar a percepção dos enfermeiros acerca da assistência ao paciente em cuidado paliativo. Fez-se uma pesquisa exploratória, descritiva, de campo, com caráter qualitativo. Participaram da pesquisa 15 enfermeiros de um hospital privado do Paraná. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevista semiestruturada, coletando dados sociodemográficos e sobre a percepção dos profissionais em relação aos cuidados paliativos. Os resultados foram analisados pelo Método de Bardin. Observou-se que os profissionais referem o cuidado paliativo como aquele que oferece conforto e alívio da dor, possui participação da família e é respaldado por uma equipe multidisciplinar, para a qual há necessidade de protocolos e treinamentos. Os enfermeiros possuem uma visão limitada em relação à assistência ao cuidado paliativo, o que dificulta a prestação de um cuidado qualificado.
Multicampi Saúde: vivências de acadêmicos de enfermagem no Munícipio de Castanhal – Pará
Authors: Noronha Marcelle Lorena Figueira , Martins Leila Cristina da Silva , Rodrigues Diego Pereira , Oliveira Marília de Fátima Vieira de , Tavares Roseneide dos Santos , Neri Débora Talitha , Gomes Angelson Camargo , Souza João Lucas Moraes , Oliveira Luenne Chaves de , Santos Ana Luísa Soares dos , Ferreira Elisangela da Silva
Published: January 2021

O Multicampi Saúde é um projeto de extensão da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA) que busca fortalecer a formação profissional dos alunos de graduação dos cursos da área da saúde e afins para integrá-los aos serviços de saúde, em particular, na área da Atenção Básica, com foco na política de atenção à saúde da criança. Objetivo: relatar as experiências vivenciadas por acadêmicas de enfermagem durante atividades de extensão realizadas em um município do Estado do Pará. Metodologia: estudo descritivo, do tipo relato de experiência, desenvolvido por duas alunas do curso de enfermagem integrantes de um Multicampi Saúde, desenvolvidas em Castanhal, no estado do Pará, no mês de novembro de 2019. Resultados: as atividades foram desenvolvidas a partir de um plano de trabalho elaborado pelas preceptoras a partir do acompanhamento de uma “criança-guia” e sua família, além dos demais usuários do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). As atividades realizadas foram: consulta de enfermagem, visita domiciliar e ações educativas para a comunidade e equipe de saúde. A participação em uma equipe multiprofissional possibilitou a interação entre os profissionais e assistência e cuidado mais abrangente dos usuários. Considerações Finais: a integração entre ensino e serviço proporciona melhor capacitação do docente, do estudante e do profissional do serviço de saúde, sendo uma importante estratégia para alcançar as mudanças no processo formativo dos acadêmicos e futuro profissionais de saúde.
O consumo de bebida alcoólica em estudantes universitários
Authors: Silveira Mônica Silva , Cruz José Marcos de Oliveira , Barreto Ikaro Daniel de Carvalho , Sarasqueta Leda Maria Moysés Nobile
Published: January 2021

O consumo abusivo de álcool entre os jovens está se tornando uma prioridade da saúde pública devido às suas graves consequências educacionais e de saúde. Esta pesquisa teve objetivo de estimar e analisar o padrão de consumo de álcool entre estudantes universitários de instituições pública e privada de ensino superior. Foi realizada uma pesquisa descritiva, com abordagem quantitativa, de corte transversal, com amostra de 1.000 estudantes universitários, de instituições pública e privada de ensino superior. O instrumento utilizado para identificar o consumo de álcool foi The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT). Os resultados demonstram uma associação significativa (p<0,05), de acadêmicos que consomem bebidas alcóolicas em instituição pública de ensino superior. Como fatores de exposição ao consumo de risco, foram identificadas as variáveis de estar solteiro, sem religião ou católico, espírita e outros, que fuma e possui familiar que faz consumo de bebida. Observou-se uma associação significativa entre a classificação de uso de Álcool e o sexo. Na qual se destaca, que a maioria feminina, está com os níveis de consumo de álcool, entre 0-7 e 20-40 e a maioria masculina no nível de 8-15 e 16-19. Conclui-se, que o consumo de bebidas alcóolicas entre os acadêmicos atingiu altas taxas. Os dados encontrados servirão para Políticas públicas direcionadas a estratégias preventivas durante a formação dos acadêmicos.
Assistência de enfermagem aos casos leves da COVID-19
Authors: Andrade Thandara Rejane Santos Ferreira , Rezende Grayce Ellen Souza , Santos Ianka Heloisa Alencar , Torres Erivelton Cunha , Farias Sávio Menezes , Ferrari Yasmim Anayr Costa , Cavalcante Anderson Batista , Góis Rebecca Maria Oliveira de , Jesus Carla Viviane Freitas de , Martins Manuela de Carvalho Vieira
Published: January 2021

Objetivou-se identificar os possíveis diagnósticos e intervenções de enfermagem em pacientes acometidos pela forma leve da COVID-19 utilizando a taxonomia CIPE 2019.  Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, realizada por meio de levantamento bibliográfico a partir de dados secundários. O presente estudo analisa e sintetiza um compilado de evidências científicas relacionadas a questão norteadora e permitem a obtenção de conclusões integrais sobre o problema de pesquisa. Foram selecionados nove artigos. Diante da leitura dos estudos selecionados, obteve-se a análise dos sinais e sintomas mais frequentes entre os pacientes adultos com a COVID-19. Observou-se a prevalência de condições clínicas com acometimento sistêmico, sendo elencados febre, fadiga, mialgia, e acometimento respiratório, a exemplo da tosse não produtiva, dispneia, hemoptise. Além destes, foram observadas manifestações relacionadas ao sistema nervoso, como cefaleia, anosmia, ageusia, assim como os presentes no sistema gastrintestinal, tendo em vista, diarreia, náuseas e vômitos. A partir das manifestações mais prevalentes foram elencados Diagnósticos e Intervenções de Enfermagem.  O presente estudo possui relevância por elucidar quanto aos Diagnósticos de Enfermagem e as condutas do enfermeiro diante dos casos leves de COVID-19, com a finalidade de estabelecer a sistematização do cuidado de forma satisfatória,  perante os eventos relacionados a essa afecção.
Microbiological characteristics of meliponine honey marketed in the State of Paraná – Brazil
Authors: Parpinelli Rejane Stubs , Lima Erica Gomes de , Anjo Fernando Antônio , Almeida Lucilene de Mattos , Março Paulo Henrique , Toledo Vagner de Alencar Arnaut de
Published: January 2021

Meliponine is a honey with particular characteristics; it has a high percentage of humidity, which can favor the development of microorganisms, thereby causing changes in the quality of the product. The objective of this study was to evaluate the microbiological characteristics of meliponine honey produced by different species and marketed in the State of Paraná-Brazil. The sample unit was composed of honey of Tetragonisca angustula (n = 15), Scaptotrigona bipunctata (n = 05), Melipona quadrifasciata quadrifasciata (n = 05) and Melipona bicolor schencki (n = 01). The following microbiological parameters were evaluated: counts of total and thermotolerant coliforms, fungi count and detection of Salmonella spp. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to evaluate the possible relationships among species, locality and type of microorganism. For microorganisms of the total coliform group, 15.38% of the analyzed samples had values >3 MPN/g. The presence of thermotolerant coliforms was observed in 7.69% of the samples, all of which were T. angustula samples. For fungi counts, 100.00% of the analyzed samples had values within the established range created by the Agricultural Defense Agency of Paraná. The presence of Salmonella spp. was not observed in any of the samples evaluated. The amount of water in the honey is related to the location of the apiary and edaphoclimatic factors. Adoption of good handling practices by beekeepers is indispensable for the safety of the final product.
Produção de biomassa micelial e enzimas lignocelulolíticas de Pleurotus spp. em meio de cultivo líquido
Authors: Araújo Nelma Lopes , Avelino Katielle Vieira , Halabura Marisangela Isabel Wietzikoski , Marim Renan Alberto , Kassem Adma Soraia Serea , Santana Thiago Teodoro , Colauto Giani Andrea Linde , Colauto Nelson Barros , Valle Juliana Silveira do
Published: January 2021

Pleurotus spp. são fungos capazes de degradar a lignocelulose graças à excreção de enzimas com diferentes aplicações industriais. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a influência dos meios de cultivo na produção de biomassa micelial e na atividade de lacase, celulases e xilanase de Pleurotus spp. Pleurotus citrinopileatus U16-23, P. djamor U16-20, U16-25 e U16-28, P. eryngii U16-30, P. ostreatus U16-22 e P. pulmonarius U16-21 foram cultivados por 12 dias a 28 ºC em meio extrato de malte (EM-20 g L-1), meio definido (MD glicose 10 g L-1 e extrato de levedura 2 g L-1), ou em meio bagaço de cana-de-açúcar (BC) igual ao MD, mas substituindo glicose por bagaço (50 g L-1). O maior crescimento ocorreu no meio EM e P. djamor U16-25 a cepa que gerou mais biomassa (7,5 ± 0,1 g L-1). A maioria das cepas apresentou maior atividade de lacase no meio MD e as atividades maiores foram de P. djamor U16-25 (22243 ± 745 U L-1) e P. pulmonarius (20924 ± 46 U L-1). P. citrinopileatus e P. djamor U16-25 não produziram celulases, mas P. djamor U16-20 e P. eryngii produziram as maiores atividades de celulase nos meios EM e MD. Todas as cepas produziram xilanase em e as maiores atividades foram observadas no meio EM e P. djamor U16-28 (67154 ± 1597 U L-1) foi o maior produtor. Pleurotus djamor U16-25 se destacou como produtor de lacase e de xilanase livre de celulase revelando potencial para aplicação na indústria de papel e celulose.
Abordagens clínicas associadas ao atendimento inicial do paciente politraumatizado: Revisão de literatura
Authors: Santos Gabriela Alves dos , Cesar Ana Luiza Medeiros , Santos Felipe José Menezes Machado , Tunel Fernando Matheus Santana , Todt Gustavo Dultra , Souza Igor José de Andrade , Santos Ísis Suzanne Crisóstomo dos , Santos Joana Ferreira Rodrigues , Loeser Julyani Mota Souza , Melo Laíse Oliveira , Santos Layna Gabriely Muniz , Santos Louise Cristina , Nogueira Mateus Ferreira , Santana Maurício Santos , Moreira Vanessa Gonçalves , Vanderley Vitória Virgínia Maria Machado , Silva Filho William José e
Published: January 2021

O atendimento inicial aos pacientes vítimas de traumas requer agilidade e habilidade por meio de uma equipe altamente capacitada, onde a abordagem seja efetiva, diminuindo os riscos de uma possível evolução ao óbito do paciente. O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar os conceitos atuais relacionados as abordagens clinicas associadas ao atendimento inicial do paciente politraumatizado. Foi realizada uma revisão literatura integrativa da literatura com o intuito de sintetizar os conhecimentos pertencentes ao tema. A pesquisa foi realizada nas bases de dados da Pubmed e Periódicos CAPES entre os anos de 2003 e 2019, tendo como descritores: “Cuidados de Suporte Avançado de Vida no Trauma”, “Mortalidade” e “Traumatismo Múltiplo”. Dezesseis produções científicas que atenderam aos critérios de inclusão e foram selecionados. A região da face, por apresentar uma anatomia proeminente, com grande exposição e pouca proteção, acaba sendo a área mais afetada, sendo responsável por 35 a 45% do acometimento em pacientes. O sistema ATLS (Advanced Trauma Life of Support) tem o intuito de esquematizar e padronizar a abordagem inicial ao paciente politraumatizado Dessa forma, é imprescindível um atendimento ágil e efetivo aos pacientes politraumatizados, para que o diagnóstico e tratamento do paciente seja bem-sucedido.
Alimentos alergênicos sob a perspectiva regulatória: uma revisão
Authors: Palhares Marina de Paula Penna e , Santos Pedro Paulo Borges dos , Santos Ana Luiza Soares dos , Goddard Cristiane Lúcia , Souza Scheilla Vitorino Carvalho de
Published: January 2021

A alergia alimentar consiste em uma reação imuno mediada decorrente da ingestão de um alimento alergênico por um indivíduo sensível. Ela pode se manifestar de forma branda, com sintomas cutâneos e gastrointestinais, contudo pode levar a consequências graves como a anafilaxia. Como ainda não existe cura para a alergia alimentar e os tratamentos disponíveis não possuem segurança e eficácia suficientes, a restrição do consumo do alimento alergênico é a intervenção mais apropriada. Portanto, os indivíduos alérgicos dependem de informações apresentadas nos rótulos dos alimentos para escolher, de maneira segura, quais produtos consumir. Dessa forma, muitos países tornaram obrigatória a declaração dos principais alimentos causadores de alergia na rotulagem de produtos embalados. O presente trabalho traz uma análise dos aspectos regulatórios deste tema em diferentes países. Foi possível evidenciar a evolução dos requisitos regulamentares, embora diferenças substanciais sejam desfavoráveis ao comércio internacional e à segurança dos alimentos.
Hepatite C em portadores do vírus HIV-1 usuários de drogas no Piauí, Brasil
Authors: Andrade Sâmia Moreira de , Oliveira Evaldo Hipólito de
Published: January 2021

Esta pesquisa científica objetivou avaliar e identificar importantes aspectos epidemiológicos das infecções pelo HCV e HIV em pacientes HIV-Aids usuários de drogas ilícitas no estado do Piauí, como também, identificar fatores de risco à coinfecção. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida em duas etapas: (1) Formação de um banco de dados a partir de dados secundários e (2) Análise/Divulgação. A 1ª etapa do estudo foi constituída pela formação de um banco de dados a partir de informações epidemiológicas e diagnóstica da população de pacientes infectadas pelo vírus HIV usuária de drogas no estado do Piauí. Já a 2ª etapa do estudo foi constituída pela análise dos dados coletados na 1ª fase e início da divulgação dos resultados do estudo. As variáveis sociodemográficas dos indivíduos portadores do HIV/HCV no Piauí apresentaram-se mais alta no sexo masculino, idade acima de 40 anos, cor preta/parda. Enquanto à associação significativa referente à exposição à infecção pelo vírus HIV no Piauí, observa uma maior relevância para relacionamento sexual com usuário de ilícita, cirurgia, preferência sexual e DST. Sendo que ambos contribuem para a evolução da epidemia, principalmente por se relacionar a comportamento sexual de risco. Não sendo possível identificar um único fator responsável pela coinfecção. Em suma, esta proposta contribuiu com informações epidemiológicas relevantes sobre a população de pacientes HIV-Aids usuária de drogas ilícitas e as infecções ocasionadas pelos vírus HIV/HCV.
Zmeny krajinnej pokrývky vo veľkých mierkach s využitím starých máp: prípadová štúdia mestskej časti Bratislava-Devín
Authors: MORAVČÍK Filip , BENOVÁ Alexandra
Published: January 2021

The maps record a generalized state of a landscape at a particular time. Therefore, the old maps are useful for the study of land cover changes. More recent land cover state is captured by the orthophotomaps showing the reality without generalisation. However, there are limitations with this source of spatial information to identify certain objects in the forest, such as rivers or unpaved roads. The paper aims to present a detailed reconstruction of land cover changes, including the characteristics of each change that has occurred in a case study of the Bratislava-Devín city district. Five different map sources were used covering the period from 1920 to 2009 from the newest to the oldest: Slovak state database for the geographic information system (ZBGIS), digital orthophotomap of the Slovak Republic (DGO SR), Basic map of the Slovak Republic (ZM SR), Military topographic map in the Gauss-Krüger projection (TM G-K), and the Third military survey maps of the Habsburg Empire in an updated version (VTM). Mapping of land cover changes was performed at the fifth hierarchical level of the Corine Land Cover at a scale of 1:10,000. First, the maps were individually visually interpreted and individual land cover classes were identified. Further, the land cover changes were identified by retrospective comparison of the individually interpreted maps approaching from youngest to oldest. The results show a significant occurrence of orchards and vineyards in the monitored area and the occurrence of several processes: urbanization, intensification of agriculture, and afforestation.
Ekonomická odolnost evropských venkovských regionů v období 2000 – 2016: případová studie čtyř států EU
Authors: PAVLÍK Adam , ŽENKA Jan
Published: January 2021

In this paper, we focus on economic resilience of selected rural NUTS3 regions in Germany, Italy, Czechia and Romania between 2000 and 2016. Our main aim is to provide empirical evidence of the long-term differences in economic resilience and volatility of rural regions across the national contexts. We ask, if and to what extent is it possible to identify similar regional patterns in various countries in terms of the reaction to the crisis: a) which rural regions improved/deteriorated in comparison to the economic performance of other rural regions in the respective country, b) which regions were characteristic by the high/low volatility of economic performance. We found highly diverse regional reactions to the crisis. While there were no clearly recognizable patterns of economic resilience, volatility was related to the changes in economic structure. Rural regions in Romania combined high economic volatility with the shift from agriculture mostly towards services.
Two decades of diplomatic representation of the Slovak Republic in the world – political-geographic perspective
Authors: ŠANDOR Filip , GURŇÁK Daniel
Published: January 2021

The aim of the paper is political-geographical evaluation of the institutional representation of the Slovak Republic abroad. The geographical (complex) point of view on the foreign policy and localisation of the embassies significantly influence the way of understanding the nature of the network of diplomatic representation of the small state in central Europe. In the first section, we compare and evaluate government documents regarding the establishing, cancellation, or planning of the Slovak embassies in the world in three main periods. Subsequently, we compare official data with the real steps of diplomacy and the government of the Slovak Republic, especially in terms of time and space. In the next section, we point out the other diplomatic representations and their progressive increase. The last section identifies and defines the main factors affecting spatial changes in the localisation of the Slovak embassies abroad by most frequently mentioned reasons in government documents. We pointed out embassies and their effectiveness by economic relations, tourists and other factors. This article is a contribution to the Slovak political geography and the evidence of the undoubtable role of geography in foreign political decisions on the example of the embassy network of the Slovak Republic.
Using UAV images for semiautomatic detection of row-gaps in vineyards in Jelenec and Topoľčianky (Slovakia)
Authors: ŠUPČÍK Adam , MATEČNÝ Igor
Published: January 2021

The use of UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicles) in precision viticulture leads to a more flexible and efficient approach to vineyard management. Images from UAV help determine the condition of the vineyard. Identification of the missing roots of the vineyard in a row by semi-automatic image classification and its comparison with manual classification is a goal of the paper. This study presents a new methodology for the segmentation of vine and row gaps. RGB (Red-Green-Blue) images, multispectral images, Near-Infrared (NIR) images, and Normalized Differential Vegetation Index (NDVI) images were tested and compared with manual classification. The percentage of row gap and the accuracy of individual images were determined. Object-oriented classification of the vine and row gaps in the buffer zone of the vineyard is a core of our method. Using geostatistical methods, such as zonal and logistic regression statistics, the accuracy of individual data in buffer zones was evaluated. Areas of interest were parts of vineyards in Jelenec and Topoľčianky. Success of the method detectomg outage (compared to manual classification) was achieved by images in the RGB spectrum: 96.45% for the Jelenec vineyard and 82.61% for the Topoľčianky vineyard. By this method, we quickly determine row gaps/vine which can be used to optimize or reduce the application of fertilizers to be used only on the vine. The method can be also used by inspection authorities to reveal the actual condition of the vineyard.
Evaluación del comportamiento de un hormigón autocompactante con árido reciclado grueso y fino
Authors: Revilla-Cuesta Víctor , Chica Paez José Antonio , De la Fuente Alonso José Antonio , Briz Blanco Estibaliz , Hernández Bagages Jorge , Ortega-López Vanesa
Published: January 2021

La reutilización de residuos permite reducir el consumo de recursos naturales y las emisiones de CO2 a la atmósfera causadas por la actividad extractiva, así como la ocupación de tierra en potenciales vertederos, fomentándose así una economía más circular. Acorde a esto, este artículo evalúa el comportamiento de un hormigón autocompactante elaborado con árido reciclado de hormigón. Los porcentajes de sustitución del árido natural por este residuo fueron del 100% para la fracción gruesa y del 50% en volumen para a fracción fina. Se analiza su validez para uso estructural tanto en estado fresco como en estado endurecido y su comportamiento con diferentes áridos naturales.
Türkçe Eğitimi Alanında Yürütülen Çalışmalarda Toplumsal Cinsiyetin Temsil Biçimleri
Authors: KOÇMAR DEMİRCİ Yonca , SOYLU Ayşe
Published: January 2021

Bu çalışmada toplumsal cinsiyet ve Türkçe eğitiminin konu alanları arasında ilişki kurulan makalelerde, toplumsal cinsiyetin temsil biçimlerinin ortaya konulması amaçlanmıştır. Bu makaleler; yöntem, veri kaynağı, problem konularına göre dağılım, toplumsal cinsiyet konusuna yer verme, bulguları yorumlama ve tartışma biçimleri bakımından incelenmiştir. Türkçe eğitimi alanında cinsiyete çeşitli biçimlerde yer veren 86 makale, nicel araştırma desenlerinden tanımlayıcı içerik analizi kullanılarak incelenmiştir. Araştırmaların genel yapısına bakıldığında araştırmaların genellikle nicel olarak yapılandırıldığı, cinsiyetin araştırmalarda yalnızca kategorik bir değişken olarak yer aldığı, cinsiyetle diğer değişkenler arasında bağ kurulmadığı ve bulgularda yalnızca istatistiksel bilgilerin verilmesiyle yetinildiği belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak bu araştırmaların büyük çoğunluğunun, konuyu kız/erkek biçiminde atanmış cinsiyetler üzerinden ele almalarıyla geleneksel toplumsal cinsiyet rollerini devam ettirdikleri ve var olan bulguları tekrar ederek bu rollerin yeniden üretilmesine zemin hazırladıkları ortaya konulmuştur.
The Effect of HRE-Regulated VEGF Expression and Transfection on Neural Stem Cells in Rats
Authors: Dou Bo , Zheng Xiangrong , Tan Danfeng , Yin Xixi
Published: January 2021

In this study, we analyzed neural stem cells transfected with the HRE-VEGF gene in groups experiencing different periods of hypoxia. The results of RT-PCR showed that the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) mRNA gradually increased with the prolonged period of hypoxia (p < 0.05). The results from the western-blot test showed that expression of the VEGF protein increased with as the period of hypoxia increased (p < 0.05). The results of MTT combined with Elisa reagent showed that with the prolonged period of hypoxia, the secretion of VEGF protein increased, and that the proliferation of target cells and neural stem cells was better promoted (p < 0.05). These results imply that HRE can safely and effectively regulate VEGF expression. By controlling the period of hypoxia, we can increase the expression level, and limit it in more safe values to avoid the possibility of cancer caused by the over-enhancement of proliferation of target cells due to the overexpression of the VEGF protein.
ATM Kinase-Dependent Regulation of Autophagy: A Key Player in Senescence?
Authors: Stagni Venturina , Ferri Alessandra , Cirotti Claudia , Barilà Daniela
Published: January 2021

Increasing evidence suggests a strong interplay between autophagy and genomic stability. Recently, several papers have demonstrated a molecular connection between the DNA Damage Response (DDR) and autophagy and have explored how this link influences cell fate and the choice between apoptosis and senescence in response to different stimuli. The aberrant deregulation of this interplay is linked to the development of pathologies, including cancer and neurodegeneration. Ataxia-telangiectasia mutated kinase (ATM) is the product of a gene that is lost in Ataxia-Telangiectasia (A-T), a rare genetic disorder characterized by ataxia and cerebellar neurodegeneration, defects in the immune response, higher incidence of lymphoma development, and premature aging. Importantly, ATM kinase plays a central role in the DDR, and it can finely tune the balance between senescence and apoptosis: activated ATM promotes autophagy and in particular sustains the lysosomal-mitochondrial axis, which in turn promotes senescence and inhibits apoptosis. Therefore, ATM is the key factor that enables cells to escape apoptosis by entering senescence through modulation of autophagy. Importantly, unlike apoptotic cells, senescent cells are viable and have the ability to secrete proinflammatory and mitogenic factors, thus influencing the cellular environment. In this review we aim to summarize recent advances in the understanding of molecular mechanisms linking DDR and autophagy to senescence, pointing out the role of ATM kinase in these cellular responses. The significance of this regulation in the pathogenesis of Ataxia-Telangiectasia will be discussed.
Three-Dimensional Analysis of Busulfan-Induced Spermatogenesis Disorder in Mice
Authors: Nakata Hiroki , Nakano Taito , Iseki Shoichi , Mizokami Atsushi
Published: January 2021

We examined if the distribution of impaired or normal spermatogenesis differs along the length of seminiferous tubules in disorders of spermatogenesis. For this purpose, three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction of seminiferous tubules was performed in mice with experimental spermatogenesis disorder induced by intraperitoneal injection of busulfan, and the areas of impaired and normal spermatogenesis were analyzed microscopically. The volume of the testis and length of seminiferous tubules decreased, and the proportion of tubule areas with impaired spermatogenesis increased depending on the dose of busulfan. With the highest dose of busulfan, although the proportion of impaired spermatogenesis was similar among individual seminiferous tubules, it was slightly but significantly higher in shorter tubules and in tubule areas near branching points. The tubule areas with impaired and normal spermatogenesis consisted of many segments of varying lengths. With increasing doses of busulfan, the markedly impaired segments increased in length without changing in number, whereas normal segments, although reduced in number and length, remained even with the highest dose of busulfan. Individual remaining normal segments consisted of several different stages, among which stage I and XII were found at higher frequencies, and stage VI at a lower frequency than expected in normal seminiferous tubules. We also examined if the distribution of impaired or normal spermatogenesis differs among different 3D positions in the testis without considering the course of seminiferous tubules. Although the proportions of impaired spermatogenesis with the minimum dose of busulfan and normal spermatogenesis with the highest dose of busulfan greatly varied by location within a single testis, there were no 3D positions with these specific proportions common to different testes, suggesting that the factors influencing the severity of busulfan-induced spermatogenesis disorder are not fixed in location among individual mice.
Marine Environmental Plastic Pollution: Mitigation by Microorganism Degradation and Recycling Valorization
Authors: Oliveira Juliana , Belchior Afonso , da Silva Verônica D. , Rotter Ana , Petrovski Željko , Almeida Pedro L. , Lourenço Nídia D. , Gaudêncio Susana P.
Published: January 2021

Plastics are very useful materials and present numerous advantages in the daily life of individuals and society. However, plastics are accumulating in the environment and due to their low biodegradability rate, this problem will persist for centuries. Until recently, oceans were treated as places to dispose of litter, thus the persistent substances are causing serious pollution issues. Plastic and microplastic waste has a negative environmental, social, and economic impact, e.g., causing injury/death to marine organisms and entering the food chain, which leads to health problems. The development of solutions and methods to mitigate marine (micro)plastic pollution is in high demand. There is a knowledge gap in this field, reason why research on this thematic is increasing. Recent studies reported the biodegradation of some types of polymers using different bacteria, biofilm forming bacteria, bacterial consortia, and fungi. Biodegradation is influenced by several factors, from the type of microorganism to the type of polymers, their physicochemical properties, and the environment conditions (e.g., temperature, pH, UV radiation). Currently, green environmentally friendly alternatives to plastic made from renewable feedstocks are starting to enter the market. This review covers the period from 1964 to April 2020 and comprehensively gathers investigation on marine plastic and microplastic pollution, negative consequences of plastic use, and bioplastic production. It lists the most useful methods for plastic degradation and recycling valorization, including degradation mediated by microorganisms (biodegradation) and the methods used to detect and analyze the biodegradation.
A Novel Prognostic Model of Endometrial Carcinoma Based on Clinical Variables and Oncogenomic Gene Signature
Authors: Deng Fang , Mu Jing , Qu Chiwen , Yang Fang , Liu Xing , Zeng Xiaomin , Peng Xiaoning
Published: January 2021

Due to the difficulty in predicting the prognosis of endometrial carcinoma (EC) patients by clinical variables alone, this study aims to build a new EC prognosis model integrating clinical and molecular information, so as to improve the accuracy of predicting the prognosis of EC. The clinical and gene expression data of 496 EC patients in the TCGA database were used to establish and validate this model. General Cox regression was applied to analyze clinical variables and RNAs. Elastic net-penalized Cox proportional hazard regression was employed to select the best EC prognosis-related RNAs, and ridge regression was used to construct the EC prognostic model. The predictive ability of the prognostic model was evaluated by the Kaplan–Meier curve and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC-ROC). A clinical-RNA prognostic model integrating two clinical variables and 28 RNAs was established. The 5-year AUC of the clinical-RNA prognostic model was 0.932, which is higher than that of the clinical-alone (0.897) or RNA-alone prognostic model (0.836). This clinical-RNA prognostic model can better classify the prognosis risk of EC patients. In the training group (396 patients), the overall survival of EC patients was lower in the high-risk group than in the low-risk group [HR = 32.263, (95% CI, 7.707–135.058), P = 8e-14]. The same comparison result was also observed for the validation group. A novel EC prognosis model integrating clinical variables and RNAs was established, which can better predict the prognosis and help to improve the clinical management of EC patients.
Natural Products that Target the NLRP3 Inflammasome to Treat Fibrosis
Authors: Ding Nan , Wei Bo , Fu Xiaohui , Wang Chuan , Wu Yimou
Published: January 2021

Fibrosis is a common pathway followed by different organs after injury, and it can lead to parenchymal scarring, cellular dysfunction, and even organ failure. The NLRP3 inflammasome is a multiprotein complex composed of the sensor molecule NLRP3, the adaptor apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD (ASC), and the effector protease caspase-1. Overactivation of the NLRP3 inflammasome triggers the abundant secretion of IL-1β and IL-18, induces pyroptosis, and promotes the release of a swathe of proinflammatory proteins, all of which contribute to fibrogenic processes in multiple organs. In recent years, screening bioactive natural compounds for NLRP3 inhibitors to alleviate fibrosis has gained broad interest from the scientific community because of the associated cost-effectiveness and easy access. In this review, we systematically and comprehensively summarize the natural products, including terpenoids, phenols, and alkaloids, among others, and the plant-derived crude extracts, that have been reported to ameliorate fibrosis via inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation and highlight the underlying mechanisms. Among all the compounds, diterpenoids is the most promising candidates for inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation and improving fibrosis, as they possess combined inhibitory effect on NLRP3 inflammasome assembly and NF-κB signaling pathway. All the information may aid in the development of therapeutic strategies for the treatment of fibrotic diseases.
Oxygen Enrichment Ameliorates Cardiorespiratory Alterations Induced by Chronic High-Altitude Hypoxia in Rats
Authors: Shao Xi , Dong Xu , Cai Jing , Tang Chi , Xie Kangning , Yan Zedong , Luo Erping , Jing Da
Published: January 2021

Chronic high-altitude hypoxia (HAH) results in compensatory pathological adaptations, especially in the cardiorespiratory system. The oxygen enrichment technology can provide long-lasting oxygen supply and minimize oxygen toxicity, which has proven to be effective to increase oxygen saturation, decrease heart rate, and improve human exercise performance after ascending to high altitudes. Nevertheless, it remains unknown whether oxygen enrichment can resist chronic HAH-induced cardiorespiratory alterations. Thirty-six male rats were equally assigned to the normal control (NC), HAH, and HAH with oxygen enrichment (HAHO) groups. The HAH and HAHO rats were housed in a hypobaric hypoxia chamber equivalent to 5,000 m for 4 weeks. The HAHO rats were exposed to oxygen-enriched air for 8 h/day. We found that oxygen enrichment mitigated the augmented skin blood flow and improved the locomotor activity of HAH-exposed rats. Oxygen enrichment inhibited HAH-induced increase in the production of red blood cells (RBCs). The hemodynamic results showed that oxygen enrichment decreased right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) and mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) in HAH-exposed rats. HAH-associated right ventricular hypertrophy and cardiomyocyte enlargement were ameliorated by oxygen enrichment. Oxygen enrichment inhibited HAH-induced excessive expression of cytokines associated with cardiac hypertrophy and myocardial fibrosis [angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)/angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), angiotensin II (Ang II), collagen type I alpha 1 (Col1α1), collagen type III alpha 1 (Col3α1), and hydroxyproline] in the right ventricle (RV). Oxygen enrichment inhibited medial thickening, stenosis and fibrosis of pulmonary arterioles, and cytokine expression related with fibrosis (Col1α1, Col3α1, and hydroxyproline) and pulmonary vasoconstriction [endothelin-1(ET-1)] in HAH-exposed rats. This study represents the first effort testing the efficacy of the oxygen enrichment technique on cardiopulmonary structure and function in chronic HAH animals, and we found oxygen enrichment has the capability of ameliorating chronic HAH-induced cardiopulmonary alterations.
Dispersible Colloid Facilitated Release of Organic Carbon From Two Contrasting Riparian Sediments
Authors: Rod Kenton A. , Patel Kaizad F. , Kumar Swatantar , Cantando Elizabeth , Leng Weinan , Kukkadapu Ravi K. , Qafoku Odeta , Bowden Mark , Kaplan Daniel I. , Kemner Kenneth M.
Published: January 2021

In aqueous systems, including groundwater, nano-colloids (1–100 nm diameter) and small colloids (<450 nm diameter) provide a vast store of surfaces to which organic carbon (OC) can sorb, precluding its normal bioavailability. Because nanomaterials are ubiquitous and abundant throughout Earth systems, it is reasonable that they would play a significant role in biogeochemical cycles. As such, mineral nano-colloids (MNC) and small colloids, formed through mineral weathering and precipitation processes, are both an unaccounted-for reservoir and unquantified vector for transport of OC and nutrients and contaminants within watersheds. Water extractions and leaching experiments were conducted under (1) aerobic (ambient) and (2) anaerobic (environmental chamber) conditions for each of two contrasting riparian sediments from (1) Columbia River, Washington and (2) Tims Branch, South Carolina. Water dispersible colloid-adsorbed OC was as high as 48% of OC for Tims Branch anaerobic batch water extraction and as low as 0% for Columbia River aerobic batch water extractions. Anaerobic leaching from column experiments yielded higher colloid and OC release rates. Transmission electron microscopy with electron dispersive spectroscopy mapping revealed organic carbon associated with aggregations of nano-particulate silicate minerals and Mossbauer identified nano-particulate goethite. This exploratory study demonstrates that mineral facilitated release of OC in riparian sediments is both significant and variable between locations.
Prevalence and Predictors of Antimicrobial Resistance Among Enterococcus spp. From Dogs Presented at a Veterinary Teaching Hospital, South Africa
Authors: Oguttu James Wabwire , Qekwana Daniel Nenene , Odoi Agricola
Published: January 2021

Background:While surveillance of antimicrobial drug resistance is ongoing in human medicine in South Africa, there is no such activity being performed in veterinary medicine. As a result, there is a need to investigate antimicrobial resistance among enterococci isolated from dogs in South Africa to improve understanding of the status of antimicrobial drug resistance given its public and veterinary public health importance. This study investigated antimicrobial resistance and factors associated with resistance profiles of enterococci isolated from dogs presented for veterinary care at a veterinary teaching hospital in South Africa.

Methods:In total 102Enterococcusisolated between 2007 and 2011 by a bacteriology laboratory at a teaching hospital were included in this study. Antimicrobial susceptibility of the isolates was determined against a panel of 18 antimicrobials using the Kirby Bauer disc diffusion technique. Univariate analysis was used to assess simple associations between year, season, breed group, age group, sex, and specimen as covariates and extensive drug resistance (XDR) as the outcome. Variables that were significant in the univariate analysis at a generousp-value ≤ 0.2 were included in the multivariable logistic models to investigate predictors of XDR.

Results:All theEnterococcusisolates were resistant to at least one antimicrobial. High proportions of isolates were resistant against lincomycin (93%), kanamycin (87%), orbifloxacin (85%), and aminogycoside-lincosamide (77%). Ninety three percent (93%), 35.3, and 8.8% of the isolates exhibited multi-drug, extensive-drug and pan-drug resistance, respectively. Only year was significantly (p= 0.019) associated with extensive-drug resistance.

Conclusion:Given the zoonotic potential ofEnterococcusspp., the high antimicrobial resistance and multi-drug resistance observed in this study are a public health concern from one health perspective. The identified resistance to various antimicrobials may be useful in guiding clinicians especially in resource scarce settings where it is not always possible to perform AST when making treatment decisions.
Chlorella sp. and Nannochloropsis sp. Inclusion in Plant-Based Diets Modulate the Intestine and Liver Antioxidant Mechanisms of European Sea Bass Juveniles
Authors: Castro Carolina , Coutinho Filipe , Iglesias Paula , Oliva-Teles Aires , Couto Ana
Published: January 2021

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of including microalgae Chlorella sp. or Nannochloropsis sp. in plant-based diets on antioxidant mechanisms of European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) juveniles. For this purpose, three isoproteic (50%) and isolipidic (19%) diets were formulated: a practical diet, containing 15% fish meal (FM) and plant ingredients as the protein source and a mixture of fish oil and vegetable oils (40: 60) as lipid source (control diet); and two diets identical to the control but with the FM replaced by Nannochloropsis sp. or Chlorella sp. (diets Nanno and Chlo, respectively). The diets were offered to quadruplicate groups of 25 fish (initial body weight: 24 ± 1 g) for 11 weeks and then enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant mechanisms and lipid oxidative biomarkers were assessed in the liver and intestine of these fish. Results showed that the antioxidant response was tissue-dependent, with the liver exhibiting lower glutathione peroxidase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (only in Chlo group) activities, and intestine lower superoxide dismutase activity with the diets including microalgae compared to control diet. An increase of oxidized glutathione content was also observed in the intestine of fish fed the microalgae diets. Catalase and glutathione reductase activities, oxidative stress index, and total and reduced glutathione, were unaffected by dietary treatments in both tissues. Overall, the lipid peroxidation status was not compromised by the replacement of FM by microalgae.
Ferroptosis-Related Genes in Neurodevelopment and Central Nervous System
Authors: Kim Soo-Whee , Kim Yujin , Kim Sung Eun , An Joon-Yong
Published: January 2021

Ferroptosis, first introduced as a new form of regulated cell death induced by erastin, is accompanied by the accumulation of iron and lipid peroxides, thus it can be inhibited either by iron chelators or by lipophilic antioxidants. In the past decade, multiple studies have introduced the potential importance of ferroptosis in many human diseases, including cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we will discuss the genetic association of ferroptosis with neurological disorders and development of the central nervous system.
All-Trans Retinoic Acid-Induced Ototoxicity during Chemotherapy in Pediatric Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia
Authors: Lee Jong Hyeon , Lee Jong Ho , Lee Jae Min
Published: January 2021

All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) is known to induce complete remission of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) and its use has significantly improved the cure rate of APL. However, ATRA also causes side effects such as differentiation syndrome or intracranial hypertension. In our case, the patient was diagnosed with APL and developed hearing loss thrice while being treated with ATRA. Therefore, we reduced the dose of ATRA instead of stopping it altogether and administered dexamethasone to the patient. A hearing test performed thereafter revealed recovery of hearing. No recurrence of hearing loss occurred after prednisolone and ATRA were combined in the maintenance phase. In conclusion, ATRA-associated hearing loss is reversible, and it is not necessary to stop ATRA. We recommend completion of a randomized clinical trial using dexamethasone in combination with ATRA to prevent hearing loss caused by ATRA.