bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Seizure free status as a good predictor for quality of life of temporal lobe epilepsy patients after amygdalohippocampectomy
Authors: Arifin Muhamad Thohar , Ashari Ashari , Brilliantika Surya Pratama , Bunyamin Jacob , Hardian Hardian , Brotoarianto Happy Kurnia , Fitrikasari Alifiati , Muttaqin Zainal
Published: June 2021

Background: Â The aim of epilepsy surgery is to improve the quality of life of people with epilepsy. Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is the most common form of intractable epilepsy with a risk of low quality of life due to uncontrolled seizures. In this study, we evaluated the quality of life among TLE patients who underwent amygdalohippocampectomy between those who were free from seizure and those who were not.Methods: This was a cross-sectional observational study. The postoperative quality of life was measured by QOLIE-31 questionnaire followed-up at least 12 months since the surgery.Â Results: Among 31 patients, 21 patients (67.7%) were free from seizures after 12 months of follow-up. We observed significantly higher quality of life of those seizure-free patients either as overall quality of life (p=0.001) or among domains such as seizure anxiety (p=0.003), emotional well-being (p<0.001), fatigue (p<0.001), cognition (p=0.002), medication effects (p=0.01) and social function (p<0.001).Conclusion: Â TLE patients who were seizure-free had better quality of life compared to those who were not after amygdalohippocampectomy.
Differences of maternal leukocyte count in premature rupture of membranes and preterm premature rupture of membranes
Authors: Pramono Besari Adi , Wiyati Putri Sekar , Dewantiningrum Julian
Published: June 2021

Background: Premature rupture of membranes (PROM) is rupture of membranes amniotic membrane prior to the labor. PROM is associated with an increased incidence of preterm labor and infection.Aim: To compare maternal leukocyte count in premature rupture of membranes (PROM) and preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM)Methods: This cross-sectional design was conducted at Dr. Kariadi General Hospital Medical Center and Kartini General Hospital Jepara from September 2019 to January 2020. The study sample was pregnant women with premature rupture of membranes that came to Emergency Department. Samples were divided into two groups, PROM and PPROM. All samples were subjected to leukocyte count examination.Results: This study has a total of 40 samples, with 20 samples each. In PROM, 8 (40%) leukocytosis and 12 (60%) were normal, while in PPROM 7 (35%) leukocytosis and 13 (65%) were normal. There were no significant differences in maternal leukocyte levels in PROM and PPROM (p=0.229).Conclusion: There were no significant differences in maternal leukocyte levels in PROM and PPROM.
Applications of Stem Cells in Cancer Therapy: A Literature Based Studies
Authors: Javed Sara , Ali Fatima , Wajid Nadia
Published: June 2021

Stem cells, are extraordinary kind of cells having unique ability of self-renewal, lineage differentiation and regeneration of damaged organ or parts of body. Stem cells experience asymmetric cell divisions, bringing forth two cells from each cell, one cell is alike to SCs in stemnessess whereas, other is differentiated into various lineage. These cells have been known for decades for their highest regenerative potential but their clinical applications remain delayed due to several unknown mechanisms of their actions. With the discovery of Cancer Stem Cells, it was described that understanding the stem cell biology is important for a proper way of cancer cure. Stem cells are successfully being transplanted in several clinical trials to treat the retinal disease, visual disorders including retinitis pigmentosa, Stargardt's disease, wound healing, skin regeneration and age related macular degeneration. Their role in cancer progression is the hot debate of research by cell biologists as understanding their role will help to remove the hurdles in cancer therapy.
The effectiveness of tamsulosin in Benign Prostate Hyperplasia (BPH) patients with Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms (LUTS): a multi-centre cohort retrospective study
Authors: Pramana Ida Bagus Putra , Oka Anak Agung Gede , Duarsa Gede Wirya Kusuma , Santosa Kadek Budi , Yudiana I Wayan , Tirtayasa Pande Made Wisnu , Renaldo Johan , Hakim Lukman
Published: June 2021

Introduction: Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) due to Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) is a common condition in the ageing male. The first-line treatment of LUTS due to BPH is medical management with Î±-blockers or 5Î±-reductase inhibitors (5-ARIs). This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of tamsulosin to improve patients symptoms with LUTS due to BPHMethods: A cohort retrospective study was conducted among 62 respondents with BPH at dr. Soetomo Hospital and Airlangga University Hospital from 2014-2016. The data collected related to characteristics of patients were age, prostate volume, Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA), IPSS score, IPSS voiding score, IPSS storage score, IPSS quality of life, Qmax, voided volume and post voiding residual urine (PVR). All of the data were analyzed using SPSS version 17.0 for Windows.Results: There were 62 samples with a mean age of 62.28 Â± 7.3 years old. The average prostate volume was 36.09 Â± 8.3 cc, and the PSA level was 2.8 Â± 1.45 ng/dl. Most of the respondents were in moderate LUTS criteria (54.8%). IPSS and Qmax score significantly improved in a comparison between pre-treatment, 1 month and 3 months after treatment (p<0.01). There was no adverse event or severe side effect reported.Conclusion: Tamsulosin 0.4 mg daily resulted in statistically significant improvements of IPSS score, IPSS storage score, IPSS voiding score, IPSS Quality-of-life score, Qmax, Voided Volume and PVR through 1 month, but it also significantly improved IPSS score and uroflowmetry results in 3 months after treatment.
The effects of inflammatory factors on the formation of retinopathy of prematurity
Authors: Sutyawan I Wayan Eka , Surasmiati Ni Made Ayu , Handayani Ariesanti Tri , Andayani Ari , Suryathi Ni Made Ari , Setiawan Johanes Ari
Published: June 2021

Background: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is the major cause of blindness in neonates worldwide. The incidence of preterm birth in live-born infants in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital in 2007 was 20.22%, and 71% of preterm babies have repaired retinopathy of prematurity.Aim: This literature review aims to determine the effects of inflammatory factors on the formation of retinopathy of prematurity, such as interleukin-6, interleukin-1, COX-2 and Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha (TNF-Î±).Conclusion: Hopefully, the information would help construct a more comprehensive approach toward patients with ROP.Â
Recurrent acute rheumatic fever: a case report
Authors: Oeiyano Billy , Rampengan Starry Homenta
Published: June 2021

Introduction. It is estimated that about 3% of people untreated for group A streptococcal infection will develop rheumatic fever. In most case, an appropriate treatment with antibiotics will prevent acute rheumatic fever. However, not all case of acute rheumatic fever showed an apparent clinical presentation. Furthermore, some symptomatic patients did not seek medical treatment. These caused rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease still prevalent, especially in the developing country. Proper management, according to the latest guideline should be prompted in those individuals to halt the progression of cardiac damage. This article describes one such case.Case Description. A 15-year-old boy with a chief complaint of breathlessness during activity and improved with rest and multiple joint pain. He had a history of recurrent upper respiratory infection, which was not treated with antibiotics. On physical examination, the blood pressure was 110/70 mmHg and heart rate 110 bpm. On cardiac examination, he had holosystolic, and mid-diastolic murmur heard best at the apex. Laboratories test found WBC 15.420/Î¼L, ASTO 400 IU/ml and CRP 48 mg/dL. Chest x-ray showed cardiothoracic ratio of 59% and echocardiography showed left atrial enlargement and left ventricular hypertrophy (ejection fraction 66%), mild mitral stenosis (MVA 1,6 cm2, mean MVG 13 mmHg), and severe mitral regurgitation. The patient was then diagnosed with recurrent acute rheumatic fever and treated with erythromycin 500 mg q.i.d and aspirin 500 mg q.i.d.Conclusion. Adequate management of acute rheumatic fever during and after the acute episode aimed to reduce the recurrence, prevent cardiac deterioration and expected to improve quality of life.
Prevalence of headache among medical students in Universitas Udayana, Denpasar, Bali-Indonesia
Authors: Adnyana I Made Oka
Published: June 2021

Introduction: Headache among medical students is common. The study from the population estimated that the prevalence of headache reached as many as 12 to 18%, depending on the type of the study. Migraine was frequently found among medical students and related to academic underachievement and limiting daily activity. We would like to identify the prevalence and nature of headache among medical students in Udayana University Denpasar, as well as its impact on their quality of life as a whole.Methods: This was an analytical cross-sectional study, involving medical students of second and sixth semester, Faculty of Medicine Udayana University. The study participants were randomized using random number generator and asked to fill in the multiple questionnaires of various parameters of headache profiles, as well as HIT6 score. All data analysis was conducted using SPSS version 20.Results: According to HIT6 questionnaire results, more than half of study participants experienced a certain impact of their headache in their life, with more than 10% of subjects felt substantial and severe implications. More than 80% of study participants experienced headache during the past one year and approximately 67% of them experienced headache within the past 1 to 3 months. The majority (50.8%) of subjects reported headache of pulsating in nature and 78% experienced headache recurrence for up to 5 times a month. Almost half of them (41.3%) experienced impaired activity to a certain extent. More than half (55%) of subjects found their headache so debilitating that they took sick leave of at least one day.Conclusion: Headache was prevalent among medical students, regardless of their age, gender, and socio-economic status. Although generally mild in intensity, given the nature of its recurrency and debilitating painful quality, medical students often took a leave of absence from class for one or more days, thus potentially impairing the quality of life and academic performance to a certain extent.
Recent updates of sperm cryopreservation technique: a literature review
Authors: Hinting Aucky , Agustinus Agustinus
Published: June 2021

Background:Â Nowadays, the decline in male fertility is a significant concern due to the mechanical, systems disturbances, genetic, diet, lifestyle, and environment. Currently, no strategies for medical protection of the germinal epithelium are available. Sperm cryopreservation technique has been established to overcome those issues. Accordingly, this study aims to informed the recent updates of sperm cryopreservation technique from kinds of literature.Â Methods:Â A review of relevant literature was performed to elaborate the recent updates in the sperm cryopreservation technique. A total of 45 qualified published literature of all years until 2019 were collected from several electronic database and manual search and included in this review.Results:Â According to the literature, the first record of sperm cryopreservation was made by Lazzaro Spallanzani in 1776. He used to snow during winter and observed that the motility of human spermatozoa could be preserved after freezing and thawing. Sperm cryopreservation programs provide temporarily or permanently infertile men an opportunity to seek paternity.Â Sperm cryopreservationÂ is the most effective and the most strongly recommended option for fertility preservationÂ prior toÂ any treatment orÂ occupational gonadotoxic exposures.Â Sperm cryopreservation should be discussed and offered prior to therapy for malignant diseases. Freezing sperm before the initiation of treatment provides patients with future fertility potential.Conclusion:Â Sperm cryopreservation could be offered to the patient before the vasectomy procedure in order to prevent reversal vasectomy or surgical sperm retrieval in the future.Â
In vivo antioxidant and hepatoprotective activity of ethanol leaf extract of Senna hirsuta Mill
Authors: Akharaiyi Fred Coolborn , Isunu Lucky Efe
Published: June 2021

Purpose: Liver diseases as a problem all over the world has led to many deaths because the conventional drugs known for the cure are inadequate to effect perfect healing. This study aims to evaluate the in vivo antioxidant and hepatoprotective potentials of ethanol leaf extract of Senna hirsuta using mice model.Methods: After the initial effect of hepatic injury in mice with 1 g/kg body weight of paracetamol in a single dose for three days, 200, 400, 800, 1000 and 2000 mg/kg body weight of extract concentrations were used for treating the mice for five days. Blood and liver tissue samples were collected for analysesResults: The results obtained proved that paracetamol elicited toxicity in the mice. The red blood cells mean count in the negative control (7.67Â±0.92 million/mm3) was higher than the values obtained from the positive control (4.36Â±0.12 million/ mm3). The WBC mean values of 3.50Â±0.18 thousand/mm3 from negative control were lower than the positive control group (9.62Â±0.39 thousand/ mm3). Also, a higher value above the permissible level (11-19 %) was obtained in the haemoglobin estimation of the positive control (20.11%) than the negative control (11.50%). Values of the positive control and extract treated were higher than the negative control value while lower values were recorded in GSH and CAT in positive control and extract treated. Higher biochemical values were recorded in the positive control, and the extract administered except for albumin and protein. However, the injuries caused that manifested in the mice haematology, biochemical and liver disorders were significantly improved with the 200 â€“ 2000 mg of extract concentrations.Conclusion: Leaf extract of Senna hirsuta proved the hepatoprotective activity of the employed extracts. The observation did by biochemical, hematological indices, and recovery improvement in liver function by histologic findings. Therefore, established that S. hirsuta ethanol leaf extract has hepatoprotective affinity over paracetamol-induced liver toxicity.
Combined posterior and anterior ankle arthroscopy arthrodesis with triple hemisection Achilles tendon lengthening in equinus ankle contracture: a case report
Authors: Mahardika I Made Yudi , Celeste Francis , Suhendra Hendry , Sintong Langga
Published: June 2021

Background: Arthroscopic surgery has been one of the fastest-growing surgical treatments of choice in orthopedics in the last decade. Ankle arthroscopy is an established treatment of choice for most ankle pathologies. It has generally been performed with the use of anterior portals with the patient in the supine position. Only a few articles have been published on ankle arthroscopy performed using posterior portals, particularly with the patient in the prone position. Various arthroscopy techniques have been successfully applied to the treatment of various ankle pathologies, including equinus ankle contracture.Case presentation: A 34-year-old female patient presented with an equinus gait 2 years prior to the consultation. This occurred after open reduction with internal fixation (ORIF) of her left proximal tibia fracture. After the surgery, the patient had chronic osteomyelitis complications and deep peroneal palsy (drop foot). The patient had four previous surgeries of debridement of the tibia until the infection healed. As the deep peroneal palsy was left untreated, the patient developed an equinus ankle contracture. Achilles tendon lengthening with triple hemisection was planned with combined posterior and anterior ankle arthroscopic arthrodesis procedure. This included the release of the tibiotalar and subtalar capsule, along with arthrodesis of the ankle with 2 cannulated screws.Conclusion: Triple hemisection Achilles tendon lengthening with combined posterior and anterior ankle arthroscopy arthrodesis is an effective treatment modality in equinus ankle contracture cases. Arthroscopy is beneficial as it minimally invasive, with less surgical duration time and is associated with faster recovery and less postoperative infections.Â
The association between Body Mass Index (BMI) and knee pain on flexible flat foot among students at Universitas Warmadewa, Bali, Indonesia
Authors: Sumadewi Komang Trisna , Udiyani Desak Putu Citra
Published: June 2021

Background: Flatfoot (pes planus) causes mechanical pressure in the knee and increases contact between the patellar articulation surfaces, increasing knee pain. The weight gain can increase the risk of flatfoot because of excessive loading and ligament stretching beyond the elastic limit. This study aims to determine the association between body mass index (BMI) and knee pain on flexible flat foot among students at Universitas Warmadewa, Denpasar.Methods: A cross sectional analytic study was conducted among 100 new students of the Universitas Warmadewa Denpasar between May-December 2019. Flat foot screening was carried out using the wet footprint test and plantar arch index (PAI) measurement. BMI was measured through the weight and height of the sample. Patellofemoral pain was measured using the Kujala anterior knee pain scale questionnaire. Descriptive analysis was analyzed by SPSS version 20 for Windows to determine the mean, SE, maximum, and minimum value of all ratio variables. The correlation was tested with Spearman with a significance level of p <0.05.Results: The average BMI value was 27.6 kg/m2, the average PAI of the right foot was 1.42, the average PAI of the left foot was 1.48, and the average score of the Kujala score was 77.22. There was a positive correlation between BMI with flexible flat foot on the right and left foot with significant results (p = <0.05, r = -0.24; p = <0.05, r = 0.307 respectively). There was a negative correlation between Kujala score with flexible flat foot on the right and left foot with significant results (p = <0.05, r = -0.238; p = <0.05, r = -0.366 respectively).Conclusion: Flexible flat foot significantly correlates to BMI and Kujala score. The higher BMI value, the PAI leg will be higher. The higher PAI value of the foot, the Kujala score will be lower.
Ozonated aloe vera oil improve wound healing by decreasing neutrophil count and wound diameter in Sprague dawley rats with full-thickness skin defect
Authors: Vahlepi Rezah , Arifin Muhamad Thohar , Nur Muhammad , Muniroh Muflihatul , Susilaningsih Neni
Published: June 2021

Introduction: Wounds fatality is possible on instances where treatment is not conducted correctly. Moreover, Aloe Vera possesses anti-microbial activities, while ozone has bactericidal and antioxidant effects. This study is, therefore, aimed at assessing the number of neutrophils and the diameter of full-thickness wounds, following the multilevel dose administration of ozonated aloe vera oil.Methods: This is an experimental study, based on a post-test only control group design, with treatment and control groups. A total of 50 Sprague Dawley rats (250 Â± 50 grams) were randomly divided into 10 units, the control was administered aloe vera oil, gentamicin ointment, and the treatment with ozonated aloe vera oil at varied dose of 600, 1200, and 1800 mg/ml. Subsequently, five groups were terminated on the 3rd day, while the remaining groups were euthanized on the 7th day. The neutrophil counts were obtained after histological examination with Hematoxylin Eosin (HE) stain, while the wound diameter was measured using calipers.Results: There were significant differences between the control and treatment groups. This was evidenced in the decreased neutrophil count after administering ozonated aloe vera oil at a dose of 1800 mg/ml, compared to 1200 and 600 mg/ml, and also aloe vera oil and gentamycin ointment. Furthermore, wound diameter was substantially reduced with all ozonated treatments, than the aloe vera oil and gentamycin treatments.Conclusion: Ozonated aloe vera oil is characterized by the capacity to improve wound healing
Rupture of anterior mediastinal mature teratoma in a 16-years-old girl: A case report
Authors: Dewi I Gusti Ayu Sri Mahendra
Published: June 2021

Background: Mediastinal teratomas are rare neoplasms, accounting for <10% of all mediastinal tumors. The most commonly involved site is the anterior mediastinum. In prepubertal patients, teratomas account for 58% of all germ cell tumors in the mediastinum and are usually asymptomatic in 50% of children. Tumor rupture is rare and can cause pleural effusion.Case description: A 16-year-old girl came to the hospital with the main complaint of shortness of breath three days ago. Physical examination found an increase in the respiratory rate and pulse rate, asymmetric chest wall movement, no right pulmonary breath sounds, and an increased right vocal fremitus. Blood laboratory tests show an elevated sedimentation rate. CT imaging showed a well-defined, flat edge tumor mass with heterogeneous density in solid, cystic, fat, and calcified. The tumor measured 14.8 x 10.0 x 17.4 cm, in the anterior to the medial mediastinum, urge the heart and other mediastinal organs to the left, the collapse of the right lung's inferior lobe, and right fluidopneumothorax. The tumor was suspicious of a teratoma. Right posterolateral thoracotomy and tumor resection was performed. Macroscopically, there was a multicystic tumor mass measuring 15.5 x 14.0 x 9.0 cm with an incomplete capsule. Microscopic examination of the tumor mass showed 3 components of the germ layer, namely ectodermal, mesodermal and endodermal. No immature component appears.Conclusion: Based on clinical features, CT imaging, macroscopic and routine histopathological examinations this case was concluded as rupture of mature teratoma.
Van der woude syndrome: A case report and review
Authors: Anggayanti Nyoman Ayu , Sjamsudin Endang , Putri Farah Asnely
Published: June 2021

Introduction: The prevalent autosomal disorder, with or without cleft palate and lip, is Van der Woude Syndrome (VWS). The condition has been known for its lower lip pits. Interferon Regulatory Factor 6 (IRF6) gene mutations are causing a range of cases of VWS. The furrows caused an accumulation of mucous and felt esthetic pain during meals and crying.Purpose: To determine VWS causes, prevalence, treatment, symptoms, and diagnosis.Case report: A six-month-old baby was with lip pits, a bilateral cleft lip and palate since birth. The extraoral exam showed bilateral pit swellings with dome form on the lower vermilion boundary laterally to the midline. Simultaneous operations with the Nordhoff technique and simple excision were conducted combined with a breakthrough procedure under general anesthesia to correct bilateral cleft lips. The patient showed better clinical condition after the seventh-day post-surgery without infection sign, and bilateral cleft in lower lip pit closed in a month after surgery.Conclusion: VWS is generally not known and not always diagnosed. It is peculiar that the cleft palate and lip phenomenon is routinely integrated into the same pedigree. The patient with a lip pit can be thoroughly examined, for example, by revealing the secret shape of the cleft. In this case, the surgical repair was handled simultaneously to both functional and esthetic aspects to achieve satisfying results.
Pemanfaatan Tepung Rumput Laut Gracilaria sp. pada Tempe sebagai Alternatif Pangan Sumber Yodium
Authors: Monikasari Ni Nyoman Trisa , Wayan Gunam Ida Bagus , Wisaniyasa Ni Wayan
Published: June 2021

Tempe merupakan produk pangan bergizi tinggi yang digemari dan diterima oleh masyarakat luas tetapi umumnya memiliki kadar yodium yang rendah. Rumput laut yang kandungan yodiumnya cukup tinggi dapat digunakan sebagai bahan fortifikasi yodium pada makanan. Penambahan rumput laut pada tempe diharapkan dapat menjadi alternatif pangan sumber yodium untuk menanggulangi masalah GAKY (Gangguan Akibat Kekurangan Yodium). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan tepung rumput laut Gracilaria sp. terhadap kadar yodium pada tempe serta mengetahui karakteristik yang dihasilkan. Perlakuan yang dilakukan adalah perbandingan kedelai dan tepung rumput laut 100:0; 97,5:2,5; 95:5; 92,5:7,5; dan 90:10. Perbandingan kedelai dan tepung rumput laut 92,5:7,5 merupakan komposisi terbaik yang menghasilkan tempe dengan kadar yodium 0,26 mg/g; nilai sensoris hedonik rata-rata 5 (agak suka), serta 100 gram tempe tersebut memenuhi 17,47% angka kecukupan gizi (AKG) yodium orang dewasa per hari. Studi ini menunjukkan bahwa tempe tersebut dapat digolongkan sebagai pangan sumber yodium karena telah memenuhi 15% AKG orang dewasa.ABSTRACTTempeh is a highly nutritious food that is popular and accepted by diverse community groups but has low iodine levels. Seaweed, with a high iodine content can be used as a fortification ingredient to increase the iodine levels of the foods. The addition of seaweed in tempeh is expected to be used as an alternative food source of iodine contents to overcome the IDD (Iodine Deficiency Disorders) problem. This study aimed to determine the effect of the addition of Gracilaria sp. seaweed flour to iodine levels in tempeh and to determine the characteristic of the product. The treatments were 5 (five) compositions of soybean and seaweed flour, in the ratio of (100:0), (97.5:2.5), (95:5), (92.5:7.5), and (90:10). The composition of soybean and seaweed flour in the ratio of 92.5:7.5 was the best composition that produces tempeh with an iodine content of 0.26 mg/g; hedonic sensory test results on average 5 (somewhat like) and 100 g of tempeh met 17.47% of the daily iodine requirements for the adults. This study showed that tempeh can be considered as an alternative food source of iodine content as it contributed to 15% of adult’s daily nutritional adequacy.
MANTIK METODOLOJİSİ AÇISINDAN KURAL TEMELLİ VE VAKA TEMELLİ YÖNTEMLERİN İSLAM HUKUKUNDAKİ YERİ
Authors: ÇELİK Zeynep
Published: June 2021

Dünya üzerinde üç büyük hukuk sisteminden bahsedilebilir; Anglo-Sakson Hukuk Sistemi (CommonLaw), Kıta Avrupası Hukuk Sistemi, Sovyet Rusya'nın dayandığı Sosyal Hukuk Sistemi. Bu sistemlerden başka kendine özgü yapısıyla bir de İslamî hukuk sistemi vardır. Genel olarak Anglo-Sakson Hukuk Sisteminde, vaka temelli yöntem, Kıta Avrupası Hukuk sisteminde ise kural temelli yöntem kullanılmaktadır. Peki, kaynağını naslardan alan İslam hukuku bu iki yöntemden hangisini kullanmaktadır? Bu çalışmada, İslam hukukunun mantıksal yapısı ile bu iki hukuk sisteminin mantıksal yapısı arasındaki ilişki tespit edilip, İslam hukukunda, kural temelli yöntemin vaka temelli yönteme, vaka temelli yöntemin de kural temelli yönteme entegrasyonu Gazali ve Kâtibî özelinde analiz edilecektir. Amacımız, fıkhî kıyasın kullanım alanını genişletmek için mantıksal bir öneri sunmaktır.
ENDÜLÜS EMEVÎ HALİFESİ II. HAKEM’İN ENDÜLÜS’ÜN KUZEYİNDEKİ HRİSTİYAN DEVLETLERLE MÜCADELESİ
Authors: ERBAŞ Furkan , YILMAZ Saim
Published: June 2021

Endülüs Emevîleri, kuruluşlarından yıkılışlarına kadar fetihlerden sonra devletin kuzeyinde teşekkül eden Hristiyan devletlerle mücadele hâlinde olmuşlardır. Bu uzun mücadele sürecinde bu devletlerin ilerleyişini durduran ve onları itaat altına alan ilk isim II. Hakem’in babası III. Abdurrahman’dır (300-350/912-961). Onun sağladığı üstünlük II. Hakem (350-366/961-976) ve Âmirîler (366-398/976-1008) adı verilen dönemde de devam etmiştir. Bu süreç içerisinde II. Hakem dönemi, söz konusu devletlerin itaatlerinin birkaç defa yeniden sağlandığı, yeni fetihlerin gerçekleştirildiği ve aynı zamanda savaşın yanı sıra kesintisiz sekiz yıllık barışın tesis edildiği önemli bir devreyi teşkil eder. Bu makalede II. Hakem’in Endülüs’ün kuzeyindeki Hristiyan devletlere karşı yürüttüğü savaş ve barış dönemlerini içeren on altı yıllık zorlu mücadele süreci ele alınmıştır. Dört bölümden meydana gelen bu makalenin birinci kısmında bu dönemin başında Endülüs Emevî topraklarına saldıran Leon Krallığı’nın itaat altına alınması incelenmiştir. İkinci kısımda yeniden saldırıya geçen kuzeydeki Hristiyan devletlerle yapılan savaşlar ve bu dönemde gerçekleştirilen fetihler ele alınmıştır. Üçüncü kısımda iki taraf arasında sekiz yıl kesintisiz devam eden barış süreci incelenmiştir. Dördüncü kısımda Hristiyan devletlerin Gurmâc (Gormaz) kalesini geri alma teşebbüsüne yer verilmiştir. Söz konusu çalışmanın öncelikli hedefi, Müslüman tarihçilerin kaydettikleri gibi Endülüs Emevîleri’nin bu devletler üzerinde gerçekten hâkimiyet oluşturup oluşturamadıklarına yönelik günümüz batı literatüründe yapılan tartışmalara katkı sağlamaktır.
4-6 YAŞ KUR’AN KURSU ÖĞRETİCİLERİNİN ÖĞRETİM YÖNTEMLERİ AÇISINDAN YETERLİK ALGILARI (ÇANKIRI ÖRNEĞİ)
Authors: YÜKSEL Zeynep
Published: June 2021

İlk çocukluk dönemi bireyin hayatında pek çok gelişim görevinin gerçekleştirilmesi açısından kritik bir dönemdir. Okul öncesi eğitimin, çocukların bu dönem gelişim görevlerini yerine getirmesine katkıları yadsınamaz. Okul öncesi din eğitimi ise dini ve ahlaki değerlerin aktarılması hususunda önem ifade etmektedir. Çalışma, okul öncesi din eğitimi veren 4-6 yaş Kur’an Kursu öğreticilerinin -Çankırı örneğinde- kullandıkları öğretim yöntemleri açısından kendilerini ne düzeyde yeterli hissettiklerini karma araştırma yöntemleriyle tespit etmek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araştırmada Doğan (2019) tarafından geliştirilen ‘4-6 yaş Kur’an Kursu öğreticilerinin yeterlilik algıları ölçeği’ kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada ölçeğin geçerlik testi yapılmış ve güvenirlik testi yinelenmiştir. Ölçeğin uygulanması sonucunda öğreticilerin yeterlik algıları düzeylerinin orta seviyede olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Gerçekleştirilen mülakatlar sonucunda ise katılımcılar tarafından 4-6 yaş Kur’an kursu projesinin önemine vurgu yapılmış ancak okul öncesi gelişim özellikleri, öğretim ilke ve yöntemleri ve eğitim formasyonu açısından kendilerinin geliştirilmeye ihtiyaçları olduğu ifade edilmiştir.
ÇAMLIDERE-ÇUKURÖREN MAHALLESİ ESKİ CAMİ
Authors: ÇERKEZ Murat
Published: June 2021

Çalışmamızın konusunu günümüzdeki idari bölünmeye göre Ankara İli, Çamlıdere İlçesi, Çukurören Mahallesi’nde yer alan Eski Cami teşkil etmektedir. Eser, harim kapısı ve ahşap tavanındaki tarih ibaresine göre 1872 yılında Mehmed Halil Usta tarafından inşa edilmiştir. Kuzey-güney doğrultusunda dikdörtgen bir plân ile düz ahşap tavan üzerine kırma çatılı bir örtü sistemine sahiptir. Uzun yıllar kapalı kaldıktan sonra 2019 yılında tamamlanan onarımın ardımdan tekrar ibadete hazır hale getirilmiştir. Onarımlar sırasında zengin bir süsleme programına sahip olduğu belirlenmiş ve bu süslemeler kopyaları alınarak duvar yüzeylerine tekrar işlenmiştir. Hakkında kısa tanıtıcı bilgiler dışında derli toplu bir yayın bulunmadığının anlaşılması üzerine bu eksikliği giderebilmek amacı ile hazırlanan çalışmamızda eserin plân, mimari ve süsleme özellikleri bakımından ayrıntılı bir şekilde tanıtılması, kapsamlı bir değerlendirme ile Anadolu Türk mimarisi içerisindeki yeri ve öneminin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmamızda yöntem olarak öncelikle mevcut literatür bilgileri taranmış, belli aralıklarla yerinde incelemeler yapılmış bu arada fotoğrafları çekilip rölövesi alınmış ayrıca köy muhtarı ile sakinlerinden de sözlü bazı bilgiler edinilmiştir. Bu veriler ışığında tamamlanan çalışmamızın sonucunda Çukurören Eski Cami, plân, kütle, ahşap tavan ve kalem işi süsleme programı itibariyle Batılılaşma dönemi camilerinin genel karakteristiklerini sergileyen bir taşra camisi olarak belirmektedir.
A review of digital serious games for tsunami risk communication
Authors: Hawthorn Steven , Jesus Rui , Baptista Maria Ana
Published: June 2021

The research conducted a thorough review of evidence and effectiveness of digital serious games (SGs) for communication of action-oriented key messages (related to tsunami evacuation) to children. Significant scientific research investigates tsunami risk which is not always effectively communicated to children who are expected to make appropriate decisions during a tsunami event. SGs can motivate children and enhance risk communication. Computing technologies offer a delivery platform to access digital SGs which require little educator training and motivate learners. The research reviewed evidence of effective SGs that address tsunami risk and are deployable by educators. Based on this review, it is evident that very few suitable classroom deployable, digital SGs that address tsunami evacuation decision-making are available. Results showed only 2 suitable, available games. Similarly, while general evidence of the effectiveness of digital SGs was found, the evaluation of and evidence for the specific effectiveness of the available games was extremely limited. The education establishment and disaster community could exploit SG technology more effectively to communicate natural hazard risk to children in a global context where such risk is increasing. The research informs future game development projects which need to embrace comprehensive stakeholder involvement and inputs. Recommendations for serious game development projects are proposed.
Serious Game Design to Support Children Struggling with School Refusal
Authors: Høiseth Marikken , Alsos Ole Andreas , Holme Sindre , Ek Sondre , Tendenes Gabrielsen Charlotte
Published: June 2021

A significant number of children worldwide struggle with school refusal. Games and digital tools represent a novel take on how to address this phenomenon. Our research aims to support children who are at risk or in an early phase of developing school refusal through serious games. In this paper we present current work, grounded in human-centered design, involving the application of a game design framework to elaborate on design elements and empirical evaluations of a serious game called Gnist (English: Spark). Based on this we discuss some implications for game design and key takeaways for researchers and practitioners working to design technologies for supporting children's well-being in attending school. We contribute to position serious games in a new context and anticipate our findings to be valuable to the Human-Computer Interaction community in general and specifically to the Child-Computer Interaction community.
Using Greenfoot as a Tool for Serious Games Programming Education and Development
Authors: Xinogalos Stelios , Tryfou Margarita Maria
Published: June 2021

Greenfoot is an educational programming environment that aims to motivate students in learning object-oriented programming (OOP) through the development of simple games and simulations. Several studies have presented positive results regarding the usage of Greenfoot as a tool for introducing novices to OOP. In this article, we propose using Greenfoot as a tool for introducing novices to (serious) games programming, as well as a tool for implementing serious games (SGs). As a proof of concept, the design and implementation of an SG for learning OOP utilizing Greenfoot and a survey on the perceptions of graduates that had been introduced to SGs programming with Greenfoot in the context of a relevant Master course are presented. The results show that Greenfoot, although not developed for this purpose, can be utilized both as a tool for introducing novices to (serious) games programming and as a tool for developing SGs.
Konaklama Deneyimiyle İlgili Çevrimiçi Yorumların İncelenmesi: Anlatı Çözümlemesi Yöntemi
Authors: ŞANLIÖZ-ÖZGEN Hanım Kader
Published: June 2021

Turizm ve konaklama deneyimlerine dair görüş ve değerlendirmeleri içeren ve çeşitli sosyal medya kanallarında paylaşılan çevrimiçi yorumlar, günümüzde potansiyel müşterilerin satın alma kararlarına etkisi yanında işletmecilerin de sunum tasarımlarında dikkate aldıkları önemli kaynaklar haline gelmiştir. Bu çalışma, çevrimiçi müşteri yorumlarının son yıllarda kazandığı öneme dayanarak, bu içeriklerin akademik araştırmalar kapsamında incelenmesinin bir yöntemi olarak anlatı çözümlemesini açıklamak ve önerilen yöntemi Facebook yorumları üzerinden örneklendirmek amacıyla tasarlanmıştır. Antalya ve İstanbul’da yer alan beş yıldızlı otel işletmelerinde konaklama yapmış olan 74 müşterinin Facebook üzerinde paylaştıkları yorumlar veri kaynağını oluşturmaktadır. Söz konusu yorumları oluşturan ifadeler, öznel ve nesnel boyutlar çerçevesinde yapısal ve izleksel anlatı çözümlemesi yöntemiyle incelenmiştir. Çalışmanın bulguları, otel işletmelerinde konaklama deneyimi yaşayan yerli ve yabancı müşterilerin bilişsel ve deneyimsel değerlendirmeler kapsamındaki paylaşımlarının uzamsal boyutları ve odak konuları konusunda akademi ve sektöre çıkış noktaları sağlama potansiyeline sahip detaylı bilgiler içermektedir.
Psikolojik Sermaye, İş Stresi ve Hizmet Odaklı Örgütsel Vatandaşlık Davranışı İlişkisi
Authors: KODAŞ Betül , SARI Yasar
Published: June 2021

Bu araştırmanın amacı psikolojik sermaye, iş stresi ve hizmet odaklı örgütsel vatandaşlık davranışı arasındaki ilişkinin hizmet sektöründe yer alan yiyecek içecek çalışanları örnekleminde ele alınıp incelenmesidir. Bu doğrultuda Eskişehir’de dört ve beş yıldızlı otellerin yiyecek içecek bölümü çalışanları ile birinci sınıf resto-ran ve özel tesis belgeli restoran çalışanlarından 2017 yılı Ekim -Aralık döneminde 502 anket toplanmıştır. Yapısal modelden elde edilen bulgulara göre psikolojik sermaye ile hizmet odaklı örgütsel vatandaşlık davra-nışı (HOÖVD) arasında anlamlı ve pozitif, psikolojik sermaye ile iş stresi arasında anlamlı ve negatif yönlü ilişki tespit edilmiştir. İş stresi ile hizmet odaklı örgütsel vatandaşlık davranışı arasında anlamlı ve negatif yönlü ilişki saptanmıştır. Ayrıca, iş stresinin psikolojik sermaye ile hizmet odaklı örgütsel vatandaşlık davranışı ilişki-sinde kısmi aracılık rolünün olduğu belirlenmiştir. Araştırmanın bulguları doğrultusunda işletme yöneticilerine bir dizi yönetimsel önerilerde bulunulmuştur.
ÖZNEL İYİ OLUŞ - SALDIRGANLIK İLİŞKİSİ ÜZERİNE BİR ALAN ARAŞTIRMASI: BATMAN AMBULANS SERVİSİ
Authors: ÖZTÜRK Cemal , KARAKUŞ Dilan
Published: June 2021

Yönetimlerin ana unsurlarından olan İnsan Kaynakları örgütte olmazsa olmazlardandır. Verimlilik, etkililik, motivasyon ve performans değerlendirmelerinde öznel iyi oluş ve saldırganlık önemli göstergelerdendir, insan kaynakları yönetiminde başarıyı da beraberinde getirecek olan bu göstergeler ortaya konup üzerinde gerekli değerlendirmelerin yapılması son derece önem arz etmektedir. Bazı işlerde çalışanlar çalışmaları sırasında diğerlerine göre daha fazla stres yaşayabilmektedir, ambulans servisi görevlileri de bunlardandır. Hayattan doyum alma olan öznel iyi oluş ile genellikle bir öfke patlaması sonucu ortaya çıkıp bir başkasına zarar verme amacı taşıyan saldırganlık tutumlarının birbiri ile ters yönden sıkı ilişki içinde olacakları değerlendirilmektedir. Bu araştırmanın amacı Öznel İyi Oluş Ve Saldırganlık Tutum Düzeyi arasındaki muhtemel olumsuz ilişkiyi Batman İl Ambulans Servisinde incelemek ve bahse konu ilşki ve bağlantıyı bu servis çalışanları özelinde genel olarak da kamuda ortaya koymaktır. Amaca yönelik olarak literatür taraması ile birlikte nicel bilimsel araştırma yöntemi olarak tarama ve veri toplama aracı olarak da anket tekniği ile veriler toplanmıştır. Batman 112 acil sağlık hizmetlerinde görev yapan personele 2020 yılında uygulanmıştır. Bu bağlamda Araştırma ve yayın etiğine uyulmuş, Bitlis Eren Üniversitesi Etik İlkeleri ve Etik Kurulundan 9/3/2020 tarih ve 2020/02-III sayılı Kurul kararı alınmıştır. Araştırmada katılımcılar arasında her bir demografik özellik ve bu özelliklerin her bir alt grupları için saldırganlık tutum düzeyi düşük ve öznel iyi oluş ise yüksek bulunmuştur.
CUT&Tag-direct with CUTAC v3
Authors: Henikoff Steven , Henikoff Jorja , Ahmad Kami
Published: June 2021

We previously introduced Cleavage Under Targets & Tagmentation (CUT&Tag), an epigenomic profiling method in which antibody tethering of the Tn5 transposase to a chromatin epitope of interest maps specific chromatin features in small samples and single cells.With CUT&Tag, intact cells or nuclei are permeabilized, followed by successive addition of a primary antibody, a secondary antibody, and a chimeric Protein A-Transposase fusion protein that binds to the antibody. Addition of Mg++ activates the transposase and inserts sequencing adapters into adjacent DNAin situ.We have since adapted CUT&Tag to also map chromatin accessibility by simply modifying thetransposaseactivation conditions when using histone H3K4me2, H3K4me3 or Serine-5-phosphorylated RNA Polymerase II antibodies. Using these antibodies, tagmentation of accessible DNA sites is redirected to produce chromatin accessibility maps with exceptionally high signal-to-noise and resolution. All steps from nuclei to amplified sequencing-ready libraries are performed in single PCR tubeswith non-toxic reagents using inexpensive equipment, making our simplified strategy for simultaneous chromatin profiling and accessibility mapping suitable for the lab, home workbench or classroom.
Numerical Methods for Monitoring Rare Events in Nonlinear Stochastic Systems
Authors: Kabanov A. A. , Dubovik S. A.
Published: June 2021

In this article, we consider the development of numerical methods of large deviations analysis for rare events in nonlinear stochastic systems. The large deviations of the controlled process from a certain stable state are the basis for predicting the occurrenceof a critical situation (a rare event). The rare event forecasting problem is reduced to the Lagrange-Pontryagin optimal control problem.The presented approach for solving the Lagrange-Pontryagin problem differs from the approach used earlier for linear systems in that it uses feedback control. In the nonlinear case, approximate methods based on the representation of the system model in the state-space form with state-dependent coefficients (SDC) matrixes are used: the state-dependent Riccati equation (SDRE) and the asymptotic sequence of Riccati equations (ASRE). The considered optimal control problem allow us to obtain a numerical-analytical solutionthat is convenient for real-time implementation. Based on the developed methods of large deviations analysis, algorithms for estimating the probability of occurrence of a rare event in a dynamical systemare presented. The numerical applicability of the developed methods is shown by the example of the FitzHugh-Nagumo model for the analysis of switching between excitable modes. The simulation results revealed an additional problem related to the so-called parameterization problem of the SDC matrices. Since the use of different representations for SDC matrices gives different results in terms of the system trajectory, the choice of matrices is proposed to be carried out at each algorithm iteration so as to provide conditions for the solvability of the Lagrange-Pontryagin problem.
Virtual Sensors in the Fault Diagnosis Problem
Authors: Zhirabok A. N. , Kim Chkhun Ir
Published: June 2021

The paper is devoted to the problem of fault diagnosis (isolation and identification) in linear dynamic systems under disturbances. The performances of fault diagnosis depend on the sensors which are in the system under diagnosis. To improve the performances, additional sensors can be applied. But sometimes it is impossible to use such sensors; besides they have low reliability. In this paper, we suggest to use so-called virtual sensors instead of additional ones. To obtain such sensors,Luenberger observers can be used. Such an observer is designed in two steps. On the first step, the model of minimal dimension invariant with respect to the disturbances and estimating a predetermined component of the system state vector and some other components of the system state vector is designed. The second components are necessary to provide stability of the observer by means of generating residual and using feedback. Such components are determined during t  he process of the problem solution which is based on the canonical form of matrices describing the model. On the second step, the feedback matrix is found based on the required quality of transient. To obtain this matrix, eigenvalues are selected and coefficients of the characteristic equation are calculated. The rule to find the predetermined component of the system state vector to be estimated by vir tual obser ver is suggested. Theoretical results are illustrated by practical example of well known three tank system.
Dynamic Problem of Optimal Control of Spacecraft Attitude under Restriction on Phase Variables
Authors: Levskii M. V.
Published: June 2021

An analytical solution to the optimal control problem of spacecraft reorientation from an arbitrary initial angular position into a required final angular position under the restrictions on control functions and phase variables is presented (the controlling moment and angular velocity are restricted). Time of slew maneuver is minimized. The specific case was considered when maximum admissible kinetic energy of rotation is significant restriction. Constructing the optimal control of reorientation is based on Pontryagin’s maximum principle and the quaternionic variables and models. It is shown that optimal mode is piecewise-continuous control when a direction of spacecraft’s angular momentum is constant relative to the inertial coordinate system during rotation of a spacecraft; for a per forming an optimal turn, the moment of forces is parallel to a straight line fixed in inertial space. Two types of optimal control are possible depending on the given initial and final positions and spacecraft’s moments of inertia — relay control with one switching point when the controlling moment is maximal over the entire time interval of control (segments of acceleration and braking), and relay control with two switching point consisting of intensive acceleration, motion by inertia with the absented moment and an exit onto restriction of rotation energy, and then final braking with the maximum controlling moment. The analytical equations and relations for a finding the optimal control program are written down. The calculation formulas for determining the time characteristics of maneuver and computing a duration of acceleration and braking are given. The proposed algorithm of control provides maximally fast implementation of spacecraft reorientation under the limited kinetic energy of rotation. For an axially symmetric solid body (spacecraft), the optimal control problem, in dynamical statement, was solved completely — we obtained the dependences as explicit functions of time for the control variables, and relations for calculating the key parameters of the law of control are derived. The numerical example and results of mathematical simulation of spacecraft motion under the optimal control are presented, demonstrating the practical feasibility of the developed method for control of spacecraft attitude.
OTEL YÖNETİCİLERİNİN KARAR VERME YAKLAŞIMLARININ İNCELENMESİ: DÜZCE VE BOLU İLİ OTELLERİNE YÖNELİK BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: Ağraş Süleyman , Çetin Gökhan
Published: June 2021

Bu çalışmanın amacı, otel yöneticilerinin karar verme yaklaşımlarının incelenmesidir. Araştırma kapsamını Bolu ve Düzce illerinde faaliyet gösteren 3, 4 ve 5 yıldızlı otel işletmeleri oluşturmaktadır. Nitel araştırma yönteminin kullanıldığı bu çalışmada bahsi geçen otel işletmelerinin yöneticilerine görüşmede sorulan sorular neticesinde alınan veriler ile otel yöneticilerinin karar verme yaklaşımları 9 boyutta değerlendirilerek veriler analiz edilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda, otel yöneticilerinin kararlarının en fazla müşteri talepleri, çevre ve piyasa koşullarından etkilendiği ve kararlarının genellikle müşteri ve çalışanlar üzerinde yoğunlaştığı ve aynı zamanda en fazla insan ve yenilik yapma üzerine verdikleri kararlarda zorlandıkları belirlenmiştir. Bununla beraber otel yöneticilerine müşteriler ve çalışanlardan gelen yanlış bilgilendirmelerin yöneticileri yanılgıya düşürdüğü ve yöneticilerin verdikleri kararlarının doğru ve yanlışlığını müşterilerden gelen tepkiler ile işletmenin belirlediği gelir-gider tablosuna göre değerlendirdikleri tespit edilmiştir.