bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estimating mangrove forest gross primary production by quantifying environmental stressors in the coastal area
Authors: Zheng Yuhan , Takeuchi Wataru
Published: February 2022

Mangrove ecosystems play an important role in global carbon budget, however, the quantitative relationships between environmental drivers and productivity in these forests remain poorly understood. This study presented a remote sensing (RS)-based productivity model to estimate the light use efficiency (LUE) and gross primary production (GPP) of mangrove forests in China. Firstly, LUE model considered the effects of tidal inundation and therefore involved sea surface temperature (SST) and salinity as environmental scalars. Secondly, the downscaling effect of photosynthetic active radiation (PAR) on the mangrove LUE was quantified according to different PAR values. Thirdly, the maximum LUE varied with temperature and was therefore determined based on the response of daytime net ecosystem exchange and PAR at different temperatures. Lastly, GPP was estimated by combining the LUE model with the fraction of absorbed photosynthetically active radiation from Sentinel-2 images. The results showed that the LUE model developed for mangrove forests has higher overall accuracy (RMSE = 0.0051, R2 = 0.64) than the terrestrial model (RMSE = 0.0220, R2 = 0.24). The main environmental stressor for the photosynthesis of mangrove forests in China was PAR. The estimated GPP was, in general, in agreement with the in-situ measurement from the two carbon flux towers. Compared to the MODIS GPP product, the derived GPP had higher accuracy, with RMSE improving from 39.09 to 19.05 g C/m2/8 days in 2012, and from 33.76 to 19.51 g C/m2/8 days in 2015. The spatiotemporal distributions of the mangrove GPP revealed that GPP was most strongly controlled by environmental conditions, especially temperature and PAR, as well as the distribution of mangroves. These results demonstrate the potential of the RS-based productivity model for scaling up GPP in mangrove forests, a key to explore the carbon cycle of mangrove ecosystems at national and global scales.
Overcoming cognitive set bias requires more than seeing an alternative strategy
Authors: Pope-Caldwell Sarah M. , Washburn David A.
Published: February 2022

Determining when to switch from one strategy to another is at the heart of adaptive decision-making. Previous research shows that humans exhibit a ‘cognitive set’ bias, which occurs when a familiar strategy occludes—even much better—alternatives. Here we examined the mechanisms underlying cognitive set by investigating whether better solutions are visually overlooked, or fixated on but disregarded. We analyzed gaze data from 67 American undergraduates (91% female) while they completed the learned strategy-direct strategy (LS-DS) task, which measures their ability to switch from a learned strategy (LS) to a more efficient direct strategy (DS or shortcut). We found that, in the first trial block, participants fixated on the location of the shortcut more when it was available but most (89.6%) did not adopt it. Next, participants watched a video demonstrating either the DS (N = 34 Informed participants) or the familiar LS (N = 33 Controls). In post-video trials, Informed participants used the DS more than pre-video trials and compared to Controls. Notably, 29.4% of Informed participants continued to use the LS despite watching the DS video. We suggest that cognitive set in the LS-DS task does not stem from an inability to see the shortcut but rather a failure to try it.
Image quality and diagnostic accuracy of reduced-dose computed tomography enterography with model-based iterative reconstruction in pediatric Crohn’s disease patients
Authors: Lee Yeoun Joo , Hwang Jae-Yeon , Ryu Hwaseong , Kim Tae Un , Kim Yong-Woo , Park Jae Hong , Choo Ki Seok , Nam Kyung Jin , Roh Jieun
Published: February 2022

This study assessed the image quality and diagnostic accuracy in determining disease activity of the terminal ileum of the reduced-dose computed tomography enterography using model-based iterative reconstruction in pediatric patients with Crohn’s disease (CD). Eighteen patients were prospectively enrolled and allocated to the standard-dose (SD) and reduced-dose (RD) computed tomography enterography (CTE) groups (n = 9 per group). Image quality, reader confidence in interpreting bowel findings, accuracy in determining active CD in the terminal ileum, and radiation dose were evaluated. Objective image quality did not show intergroup differences, except for image sharpness. Although reader confidence in detecting mural stratification, ulcer, and perienteric fat stranding of the RD-CTE were inferior to SD-CTE, RD-CTE correctly diagnosed active disease in all patients. The mean values of radiation dose metrics (SD-CTE vs. RD-CTE) were 4.3 versus 0.74 mGy, 6.1 versus 1.1 mGy, 211.9 versus 34.5 mGy∙cm, and 4.4 versus 0.7 mSv mGy∙cm for CTDIvol, size-specific dose estimation, dose-length product, and effective dose, respectively. RD-CTE showed comparable diagnostic accuracy to SD-CTE in determining active disease of the terminal ileum in pediatric CD patients. However, image quality and reader confidence in detecting ulcer and perienteric fat stranding was compromised.
Antiflammatory activity and potential dermatological applications of characterized humic acids from a lignite and a green compost
Authors: Verrillo Mariavittoria , Parisi Melania , Savy Davide , Caiazzo Giuseppina , Di Caprio Roberta , Luciano Maria Antonietta , Cacciapuoti Sara , Fabbrocini Gabriella , Piccolo Alessandro
Published: February 2022

Long-term exposure to air pollution has been associated with the development of some inflammatory processes related to skin. The goal of modern medicine is the development of new products with antiflammatory action deriving from natural sources to improve environmental and economic sustainability. In this study, two different humic acids (HA) were isolated from from lignite (HA-LIG) and composted artichoke wastes (HA-CYN) and characterized by infrared spectrometry, NMR spectroscopy, thermochemolysis-GC/MS, and high-performance size-exclusion chromatography (HPSEC), while their antiflammatory activity was evaluated on HaCaT cells. Spectroscopic results showing the predominance of apolar aliphatic and aromatic components in HA-LIG, whereas HA-CYN revealed a presence of polysaccharides and polyphenolic lignin residues. The HA application on human keratinocyte pre-treated with Urban Dust revealed a general increase of viability suggesting a protective effect of humic matter due to the content of aromatic, phenolic and lignin components. Conversely, the gene expression of IL-6 and IL-1β cytokines indicated a significant decrease after application of HA-LIG, thus exhibiting a greater antiflammatory power than HA-CYN. The specific combination of HA protective hydrophobic components, viable conformational arrangements, and content of bioactive molecules, suggests an innovative applicability of humic matter in dermatology as skin protectors from environmental irritants and as antiflammatory agents.
Prognostic value and underlying mechanism of autophagy-related genes in bladder cancer
Authors: Peng Shiyuan , Ma Shanjin , Yang Fa , Xu Chao , Li Hongji , Lu Shiqi , Zhang Jingliang , Jiao Jianhua , Han Donghui , Shi Changhong , Zhang Rui , Yang An-Gang , Zhang Keying , Wen Weihong , Qin Weijun
Published: February 2022

Bladder cancer (BLCA) is the most common malignancy whose early diagnosis can ensure a better prognosis. However, the predictive accuracy of commonly used predictors, including patients’ general condition, histological grade, and pathological stage, is insufficient to identify the patients who need invasive treatment. Autophagy is regarded as a vital factor in maintaining mitochondrial function and energy homeostasis in cancer cells. Whether autophagy-related genes (ARGs) can predict the prognosis of BLCA patients deserves to be investigated. Based on BLCA data retrieved from the Cancer Genome Atlas and ARGs list obtained from the Human Autophagy Database website, we identified prognosis-related differentially expressed ARGs (PDEARGs) through Wilcox text and constructed a PDEARGs-based prognostic model through multivariate Cox regression analysis. The predictive accuracy, independent forecasting capability, and the correlation between present model and clinical variables or tumor microenvironment were evaluated through R software. Enrichment analysis of PDEARGs was performed to explore the underlying mechanism, and a systematic prognostic signature with nomogram was constructed by integrating clinical variables and the aforementioned PDEARGs-based model. We found that the risk score generated by PDEARGs-based model could effectively reflect deteriorated clinical variables and tumor-promoting microenvironment. Additionally, several immune-related gene ontology terms were significantly enriched by PDEARGs, which might provide insights for present model and propose potential therapeutic targets for BLCA patients. Finally, a systematic prognostic signature with promoted clinical utility and predictive accuracy was constructed to assist clinician decision. PDEARGs are valuable prognostic predictors and potential therapeutic targets for BLCA patients.
Chemical composition, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activity of Elsholtzia beddomei C. B. Clarke ex Hook. f. essential oil
Authors: Sripahco Teerapong , Khruengsai Sarunpron , Charoensup Rawiwan , Tovaranonte Jantrararuk , Pripdeevech Patcharee
Published: February 2022

The essential oil of Elsholtzia beddomei C. B. Clarke ex Hook. f. was investigated for its chemical composition and tested for antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. The E. beddomei essential oil was extracted using hydrodistillation for 4 h (yield of 1.38% w/w). Forty-three volatile compounds were identified in the E. beddomei essential oil, including linalool (83.67%), perillaldehyde (4.68%), neral (3.68%), perillene (1.65%), E-caryophyllene (1.55%), and α-zingiberene (1.06%) as the major compounds. The antioxidant activity of the E. beddomei essential oil was determined using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical and 2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) radical cation scavenging activity. The IC50 values calculated using the DPPH and ABTS methods were 148.31 and 172.22 µg/mL, respectively. In addition, using disc diffusion and broth microdilution methods, the antimicrobial activities of the E. beddomei essential oil against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter aerogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Bacillus subtilis, and Candida albicans were evaluated. The E. beddomei essential oil possessed an inhibitory effect with the minimum inhibitory concentration in the range of 31.25–250.00 µg/mL among these pathogens. The results indicated that E. beddomei essential oil is an alternative raw material of food, and medicinal products for use in pharmaceutical applications.
Toward low-cost biological and hybrid biological/catalytic conversion of cellulosic biomass to fuels
Authors: Lynd Lee R. , Beckham Gregg T. , Guss Adam M. , Jayakody Lahiru N. , Karp Eric M. , Maranas Costas , McCormick Robert L. , Amador-Noguez Daniel , Bomble Yannick J. , Davison Brian H. , Foster Charles , Himmel Michael E. , Holwerda Evert K. , Laser Mark S. , Ng Chiam Yu , Olson Daniel G. , Román-Leshkov Yuriy , Trinh Cong T. , Tuskan Gerald A. , Upadhayay Vikas , Vardon Derek R. , Wang Lin , Wyman Charles E.
Published: February 2022

Hybrid processes, featuring biological conversion of lignocellulose to small molecules followed by chemo-catalytic conversion to larger molecules suitable for difficult-to-electrify transport modes, are a promising route to biomass-derived fuels in demand for climate stabilization.
Core–shell structured Li–Fe electrode for high energy and stable thermal battery
Authors: Shin Jaewook , Kang Hyeonmuk , Lee Yongju , Ha Sang Hyeon , Cho EunAe
Published: February 2022

In LiFE, higher Li content can lead to higher energy output but increases the risk of Li leakage. Here, we demonstrate a novel core–shell electrode structure to achieve a higher energy output and prevent the Li from leakage.
Facile and green preparation of solid carbon nanoonions via catalytic co-pyrolysis of lignin and polyethylene and their adsorption capability towards Cu(ii)
Authors: Wu Xiankun , Guo Ting , Chen Ziyan , Wang Zhanghong , Qin Kun , Wang Zhikang , Ao Ziqiang , Yang Cheng , Shen Dekui , Wu Chunfei
Published: February 2022

Solid carbon nanoonions with relatively uniform size distribution, abundant structure defects and oxygen-containing surface functional groups can be prepared from lignin with the introduction of polyethylene and Ni-based catalysts.
K-doped Li2ZnTi3O8/C as an efficient anode material with high performance for Li-ion batteries
Authors: Peng Jing , Zeng Xianguang , Zhu Huafeng , Xia Kui , Gong Jing
Published: February 2022

(A and B) CV curves of (A) Li2ZnTi3O8/C and (B) Li1.9K0.1ZnTi3O8/C, (C) Initial charge–discharge curves and (D) cycling capacity and (E) rate performances of Li2ZnTi3O8/C and Li1.9K0.1ZnTi3O8/C. (F) The composition of the CR2032 cell.
Regulating lithium deposition behavior by electrokinetic effects in a high-zeta-potential h-BN/zinc-lithium alloy for high-performance lithium metal anodes
Authors: Liu Shipeng , Zhao Jingteng , Li Fang , Zhao Yingjie , Li Guoxing
Published: February 2022

A high-zeta-potential h-BN-doped LiZn alloy promotes strong electrokinetic effects to significantly improve Li-ion transport kinetics, which can effectively suppress Li dendrite growth and enable stable Li metal anodes under harsh conditions.
Biomimetic polypyrrole/hyaluronic acid electrodes integrated with hyaluronidase inhibitors offer persistent electroactivity and resistance to cell binding
Authors: Yi Jongdarm , Lee Sanghun , Lee Jae Young
Published: February 2022

The incorporation of hyaluronidase inhibitor into biomimetic polypyrrole/hyaluronic acid electrodes enabled persistent electroactivity and resistance to non-specific cell adhesion under physiological conditions.
Correction: Chestnut polysaccharides restore impaired spermatogenesis by adjusting gut microbiota and the intestinal structure
Authors: Sun Zhong-Yi , Yu Shuai , Tian Yu , Han Bao-Quan , Zhao Yong , Li Ya-Qi , Wang Yan , Sun Yu-Jiang , Shen Wei
Published: February 2022

Correction for ‘Chestnut polysaccharides restore impaired spermatogenesis by adjusting gut microbiota and the intestinal structure’ by Zhong-Yi Sun et al., Food Funct., 2022, 13, 425–436, DOI: 10.1039/D1FO03145G.
Development of an MRI contrast agent for both detection and inhibition of the amyloid-β fibrillation process
Authors: Utomo Rohmad Yudi , Okada Satoshi , Sumiyoshi Akira , Aoki Ichio , Nakamura Hiroyuki
Published: February 2022

A curcumin derivative conjugated with Gd-DO3A (Gd-DO3A-Comp.B) was developed to significantly inhibit the amyloid-β (Aβ) aggregation and detect the fibril growth by T1-weighted MR imaging.
Expression of concern: Long non-coding RNA CRNDE promote the progression of tongue squamous cell carcinoma through regulating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway
Authors: Fisher Laura
Published: February 2022

Expression of concern for ‘Long non-coding RNA CRNDE promote the progression of tongue squamous cell carcinoma through regulating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway’ by Zhongheng Yang et al., RSC Adv., 2019, 9, 21381–21390. DOI: 10.1039/C9RA01321K.
Expression of concern: Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells inhibited bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis
Authors: Fisher Laura
Published: February 2022

Expression of concern for ‘Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells inhibited bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis’ by Jiang Nan et al., RSC Adv., 2017, 7, 49498–49504. DOI: 10.1039/C7RA03971A.
Expression of concern: MiR-873-5p regulated LPS-induced oxidative stress via targeting heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in KGN cells
Authors: Fisher Laura
Published: February 2022

Expression of concern for ‘MiR-873-5p regulated LPS-induced oxidative stress via targeting heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in KGN cells’ by Hui Zhang et al., RSC Adv., 2018, 8, 39098–39105. DOI: 10.1039/C8RA06697C
Optical gaps and excitons in semiconducting transition metal carbides (MXenes)
Authors: Ketolainen Tomi , Karlický František
Published: February 2022

The optical and excitonic properties of semiconducting two-dimensional transition metal carbides, MXenes, are studied by using time-dependent density functional theory calculations along with the HSE06 hybrid functional.
Short‐term passenger flow forecasting using CEEMDAN meshed CNN‐LSTM‐attention model under wireless sensor network
Authors: Wang Jiaxuan , Wang Rui , Zeng Xin
Published: February 2022

For a long time, the accurate prediction of passenger flow can provide early warning information for various industries such as the public service industry, tourism industry, and industrial business, thus opportunely arranging passengers and providing homologous services to relieve the overloading of places and the accidents caused by overcrowding of people. In recent years, by using the wireless sensor network to sense the passenger data in advance, the technique of machine learning and neural networks has been utilized to assist the short‐term passenger flow prediction. In this study, building on convolutional neural network (CNN) and long short‐term memory network (LSTM), a complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise algorithm (CEEMDAN) and attention‐based CNN‐LSTM network to extract both temporal and spatial characteristics of passenger flow data, is proposed. Moreover, the problem of the inaccuracy of the noise part is properly solved by adding the CEEMDAN algorithm to the input layer. With the proposed network structure, the CNN‐LSTM network is replaced with the Conv‐LSTM network to reduce the information loss and get a further performance improvement. The result shows that 39% performance improvement can be achieved than the case with a single LSTM network, and 28% performance improvement can be achieved than the CNN‐LSTM network.
Geodesic fields for Pontryagin type C0-Finsler manifolds
Authors: Rodrigues Hugo Murilo , Fukuoka Ryuichi
Published: February 2022

Let M be a differentiable manifold, TxM be its tangent space at x ∈ M and TM = {(x, y);x ∈ M;y ∈ TxM} be its tangent bundle. A C0-Finsler structure is a continuous function F : TM → [0, ∞) such that F(x, ⋅) : TxM → [0, ∞) is an asymmetric norm. In this work we introduce the Pontryagin type C0-Finsler structures, which are structures that satisfy the minimum requirements of Pontryagin’s maximum principle for the problem of minimizing paths. We define the extended geodesic field ℰ on the slit cotangent bundle T*M\0 of (M, F), which is a generalization of the geodesic spray of Finsler geometry. We study the case where ℰ is a locally Lipschitz vector field. We show some examples where the geodesics are more naturally represented by ℰ than by a similar structure on TM. Finally we show that the maximum of independent Finsler structures is a Pontryagin type C0-Finsler structure where ℰ is a locally Lipschitz vector field.
Poetic Syntax as a Means of Writer’s Idiostyle (by the example of S.S. Vasilyev-Borogonsky works)
Authors: Stepanova Varvara E. , Manchurina Lidiya E.
Published: February 2022

The article is devoted to the study of writer’s individual style. It is carried out using linguostylistic analysis of the linguistic as well as stylistic and textual features typical for his works. In total, over 200 poems by Sergei Vasilyev-Borogonsky were analyzed, including verses and poems. Linguistic and stylistic as well as textual facts are based on 500 lines of poetry. As a result of the study, it was revealed that the idiostyle of the writer is mainly manifested at the syntactic level. At this level, the syntactic and semantic-syntactic means are distinguished, represented by stylistic figures and syntactic constructions. The most common syntactic means are the types of repetitions that create the rhythmic organization of the poetic text (anaphora, epiphora) and some syntactic constructions that testify to folklorism and high pathos of the stylistics of works (syntactic parallelism, rhetorical questions, addresses and exclamations). Both semantic and syntactic means are found in the continuous connection of repetitions structure with their semantics (antitheses, gradations and refrains). By means of poetic syntax, S.S. Vasilyev-Borogonsky creates artistic images, reveals the themes and ideological intentions of his works, and creates author’s lyrical digressions. They also serve as a means of creating the composition and rhythm of a poetic text. The novelty of this study results from the fact that the language and style of the Yakut poet and publicist, Sergei Vasilyev-Borogonsky, has not yet become an object of special study.
Labour law and social security law: social value in the modern world
Authors: Istomina Yelena Alexandrovna , Ivanchina Julia Valeryevna
Published: February 2022

The right to work and social security is one of the basic human rights recognized by the international community. The implementation of these rights guarantees the satisfaction of socially significant needs - basic human needs (fundamental physiological needs and safety needs). Thus, a life and a development of a person, social groups and the whole society are ensured. Guarantees for the realization of the right to work and social security are especially important in times of instability and lack of confidence in the future, which is largely due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, the social value of labour law and social security law is currently increasing. The authors emphasize that most of the working-age population can satisfy socially significant needs with the help of stable employment, decent wages, safe and healthy working conditions. However, when social risks affect a person, he or she can be deprived of this opportunity. So, the satisfaction not only of fundamental physiological needs, but also of safety needs is realized with social security law.
Gender representations in associative meaning: The image of woman in Russian and Yakut language consciousnesses
Authors: Filippova Sargylana , Filippova Varvara , Pokoyakova Karina , Filippova Varvara , Khikhlun Aureliia
Published: February 2022

The study is focused on representations of the concept ‘woman’ existing in the language consciousnesses of representatives of the Russian and Yakut ethnic groups. The image of ‘woman’ was investigated by means of a free-associative experiment. The associative field, collected in the course of the experiment, is considered as the verbalization of language consciousness that reflects the image of the world, mediated by language. To identify the effect of the social environment as well as the role of native language in the preservation of traditional worldview elements, the associative experiment was conducted among Russians, Urban Yakuts (for whom Russian was the main or only language), and Rural Yakuts (who speak Yakut). The conclusions of our research are the following: the components of the associative meanings of the three experimental groups overlap due to commonalities in traditions and gender stereotypes existing in Russian and Yakut cultures. However, some responses of Rural Yakuts were specific for that group, showing that they preserved some elements of traditional perceptions of ‘woman’ in comparison with Urban Yakuts. Thus, we think that the usage of the ancestral language and the rural way of life contribute to the preservation and retention of traditional worldview elements.
International Standards of Trial Waiver Systems in Russian Criminal Procedure
Authors: Chebotareva Irina , Pashutina Olesia , Revina Irina
Published: February 2022

Trial is a central part of any criminal procedure regardless of the type of the procedure and the procedural traditions. It is at this stage when the evidence is examined during an adversarial procedure and the issues of the guilt or innocence of a person accused of committing a crime and the assignment of punishment are considered. In 2018, the Committee on Legal Affairs and Human Rights of the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe paid attention to the fact that in many Member States of the Council of Europe and in the states Observers or having any other status in the Council of Europe or the Assembly, common criminal justice is gradually being replaced by various forms trial waiver. Based on Russian practices, the article examines trial waiver systems as a general concept that includes various national practices within individual states. It is characterized by various kinds of preferences exempted by the state for defendants who have pleaded guilty and waived their right to an adversarial trial; the study reviews positive and negative aspects of these practices as well as the minimum requirements they must comply with.
On the problem of studying shamanism in the Yakut and Korean culture
Authors: Zhelobtsov Fedot F.
Published: February 2022

The article is devoted to one of the discussed problems in religious studies, related to the question of whether shamanism is considered a world religion. This problem is closely related to the issues of ethnogenesis of both the Yakut and Korean peoples, which have not yet been completely resolved. Meanwhile, the realities are such that in the context of many studies, the word "shamanism" is used precisely in the meaning of religion. The relevance of the article is seen in the fact that comparative material on shamanism among different peoples will only contribute to the solution of many questions of shamanism. It is a fact that shamanism is still a cult of religion and a common link between the Yakuts and Koreans, who are in the same Altai linguistic environment, which had a huge impact on their culture and mentality. This closeness manifests itself in many areas of life, especially in the rich ancient folklore. Along with similar customs and traditions of shamanism in Yakutia and Korea, there are, of course, many differences caused mainly by the level of development of the structure of shamanism in both countries. The absence of any holistic concept of the history of the birth and evolution of shamanism significantly hinders the unified interpretation of its terms, up to discrepancy. The author hopes that the article will to some extent make up for the topic of Korean shamanism presented in the domestic literature.
Blockchain and genomic research legal regulation: element in mechanism for interest’s balancing
Authors: Kubyshkin Aleksey , Ponomareva Daria
Published: February 2022

The article analyzes blockchain technology in relation to the field of legal regulation of genomic research. The key features of this technology, which allow one to consider it as one of the elements of the mechanism for ensuring the balance of private, group and public interests are highlighted. Examples of the use of blockchain technology in healthcare are given, and proposals of various researchers on the use of this technology in the field of genomic research are analyzed. The analysis and classification of interests in the considered sphere of social relations is carried out, factors that must be taken into account when ensuring the balance of interests are given. Authors propose an approach to the mechanism of ensuring the balance, which, according to the authors, consist of three elements. At the same time, the place of blockchain technology in the specified mechanism is determined, conclusions and approaches are proposed for using this technology to ensure a balance of private, group and public interests.
Ethnocultural specificity of the linguistic consciousness of the Sakha language speakers (by the example of the concept “culture”)
Authors: Kysylbaikova Marina , Zamorshchikova Luidmila , Malysheva Ninel
Published: February 2022

This work presents the conceptualization of culture in an integrated manner, which did not have sufficient coverage and monographic description in linguistics based on the material of the Yakut language as a whole. Learning a language from different positions, namely from the point of view of a cognitive approach, helps to study the person himself: his intellectual, mental, social, ethno-national components, his linguistic consciousness. Psycholinguistic and ethnopsycholinguistic studies of linguistic consciousness, the study of the image of the world of an ethnic group are a new integrated approach. This approach, used in our study, differs in that it is aimed at identifying the ethnocultural specifics of the linguistic consciousness of the Sakha language speakers.
Terms in the control and supervisory process: new in legislation
Authors: Beliakovich Elena V.
Published: February 2022

Federal Law of 31 July 2020 No. 248-FZ On State Control (Supervision) and Municipal Control in the Russian Federation that entered into force on 1 July 2021 changed the concept of control and supervisory process, including in terms of its temporal regulation. The paper considers this Law in the context of the established terms as temporal elements of the control and supervisory process. The paper addresses new temporal ideas of the legislator in comparison with the previous legislation on control and supervisory process. The classification of terms in the control and supervisory process is proposed. The author suggests that the concentration of temporality in the normative regulation of control and supervisory activities increases and the legislator focuses on a more detailed time regulation of the control and supervisory process. It is concluded that only law enforcement practices will show whether the optimal balance is achieved between the terms and the quality of control and supervisory activities.
Implementation of law as a factor of ensuring the legal security of modern society
Authors: Kuzakbirdiev Sadri Salikhovich
Published: February 2022

In the introductory part of the article, the interrelationships of various types of security and their mutual influence are indicated. The impact of legal security on all other types of national security is shown. In turn, in the main part of the article, the institution of the implementation of law is considered as one of the important factors in ensuring the legal security of a modern state-organized society. This is done by analyzing the place and role of the implementation of law in the mechanism of legal regulation of social relations, as well as by highlighting and characterizing theoretical and practical problems that impede the implementation of law and pose a threat to the state of legal protection of society. The final part of the article contains author’s conclusions and proposals, aimed at ensuring the effective implementation of law and the legal security of society.
Modal analytical forms formed on the basis of participial forms ending with -ya, -yahin Yakut and -arin Tuvan
Authors: Filippov Gavril , Oorzhak Baylak
Published: February 2022

The article provides a comparative analysis of modal indicators in the Yakut and Tuvan languages. We are talking about analytical grammatical indicators that were formed on the basis of participial forms ending with -yahand -yain the Yakut language and the participle ending in -arin the Tuvan language. These participial forms are the main forms in the verb system of the compared languages; they are polyfunctional participles of the past tense. And it is the ability to express by them the attribution of an action (a sign of an action) to the sphere of time that has not passed that allows them to form on their basis a variety of modal meanings - ought, necessity, assumption, desire and unreality.
Difficulties in teaching the second foreign (English) language to students studying oriental language as their major at NEFU, Yakutia, Russia
Authors: Ivanova Aleksandra
Published: February 2022

The Far Eastern Federal District of Russia, including the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), is located in close proximity to the Asia-Pacific region, which explains the demand in specialists who know oriental languages. One of the oriental languages (Japanese, Chinese or Korean) is studied at the head university of the republic, and English is the language of business communication. In secondary educational institutions of Yakutia, English is the first foreign language, and students study it as a second foreign language in the university. The goal of this study is to identify the main difficulties of learning English as a second foreign language by bilingual students studying the oriental language (Japanese, Chinese or Korean) as their major. The study analyzed domestic and foreign literature, professional educational programs of the North-Eastern Federal University in Yakutsk, characteristics of students from the indigenous population of Yakutia. It was substantiated that the more difficulties in mastering the subject, the stricter the requirements for mastering the educational material.
Legislative Regulation for Hoisting Ownerless Objects Sunk within Seaports
Authors: Golubkina Ksenia V.
Published: February 2022

Creating a legislative algorithm needed to regulate hoisting of sunken ownerless property is an illustration of existing gaps in national legislation. Legal relations regulated for objects sunk within seaports is touched upon in the Federal Law On Seaports and in the Merchant Shipping Code, but vague wording, lack of an exact algorithm in federal legislation and by-laws creates conditions allowing seaport authorities to stand still and ‘shift’ responsibility on someone else for resolving an issue of ownerless property. The author proposes a clear regulatory algorithm for recognizing objects sunk within seaports as ownerless, holding responsible for hoisting the said objects and mitigating environmental hazards on economic entities operating in seaports.
Human Genome as an Object of Interdisciplinary Socio-Humanitarian Research and a System of Appropriate Methodological Means
Authors: Fetyukov Fyodor V.
Published: February 2022

The research is based on a comprehensive analysis of scientific articles devoted to the problems of obtaining, storing and using genomic information about a person. As a result of the analysis, the author put forward a hypothesis about the interdisciplinary interaction of social sciences and humanities in the process of research, the object of which is the human genome. The study tests the proposed hypothesis on the basis of the disclosure of its subject - the human genome as an object of interdisciplinary social and humanitarian research and the system of methodological means corresponding to them. During the research, the author relied on the general philosophical means of the methodology of science (categories of materialistic dialectics, foundations, conditions and principles of scientific knowledge), the systemstructural method and general logical methods (analogy, synthesis, analysis) used in socio-humanitarian studies. As a result of the study, it was concluded that the special significance of the consequences of the study and use of human genome for society and each individual personally determines the a priori social and humanitarian interdisciplinary connections, due to which human genome becomes the object of interdisciplinary social and humanitarian research. The analysis of these studies allowed revealing their subject orientation towards the social regulation of genomic research, the legal protection of genomic information and the focus on standardization (and in this sense, foreseeability) of research on human genome and the use of their results. At the same time, the use of methodological means of three levels is traced: philosophical and methodological analysis, general scientific methodological principles and a special scientific methodological approach.
Integration of human and social capital: the experience of Russian, Chinese and European corporations
Authors: Deriugin Pavel , Yarmak Olga , Strashko Ekaterina , Kamyshina Elena , Bannova Olesya
Published: February 2022

The article presents the results of an empirical study of the conversion of two forms of capital - human and social in the conditions of private corporations in Russia, China, Spain. In theoretical studies, conversion is shown as a key synergistic moment in the creation of profits and rent. Based on a multiparadigm methodological approach, a methodology has been constructed that allows one to assess the degree of conversion of human and social capital in the value dimension. An analysis of the value networks of employees of corporations in Russia, China, Spain made it possible to draw general conclusions regarding sociodynamics and options for converting human and social capital: unity/harmony of capital; differentiation/disharmony of capital; different ratios of unity/differentiation of capital. Empirical material shows a significant difference in the characteristics of the conversion of human and social capital of Russians, Chinese and Spaniards according to the following criteria: the density of connections in the respondents' value networks; in the weight characteristics of indicators; in a specific manifestation of generalizing criteria - prosperity and team spirit. The proposed strategy for diagnosing capital conversion is of an applied nature and is used in several other studies.
Impact Attenuation and Deformation Characteristics of Dance Floors on Jump Kinematics
Authors: Wyon Matthew Alexander , Horsburgh Robyn , Brown Derrick
Published: February 2022

Specialist dance floors have been promoted to reduce impact forces and reduce lower limb injury for dancers. 18 trained female dancers carried out 70 continuous ballet jumps on 4 different surfaces wearing an XSENS suit. Three specialist dance floors, Floor A (64% force reduction), Floor B (67% force reduction), Floor C (no data) were compared to Floor D (vinyl-covered concrete - control). Dependent variables for each analysed jump (2,3,4, and 67,68,69) were ankle, knee, hip range of movement (ROM); lower and upper leg angular velocities and pelvis vertical acceleration. No main effects were reported for dance floor, first and last jump series. Comparison of the floors against Floor D reported a main effect for the dance floors (p=0.001), first and last jump series (p=0.001). Between-subject effects noted that ankle ROM was significantly greater for trials on floor A (p=0.007) compared to floor D. ROM data significantly decreased between the first and last jump series whilst vertical pelvis accelerations increased except for floor A. Within the current study, a foam backed vinyl floor (C) provided better shock absorption than floors with higher deformation characteristics (A and B) and none of the specialist dance floors performed better than vinyl covered concrete (D).
Imaging Review of Alpine Ski Injuries
Authors: Flores Dyan V. , Murray Timothy É. , Bohyn Cedric , Mohr Bruce , Cresswell Mark
Published: February 2022

Skiing is a continuously evolving winter sport, responsible for a considerable number of musculoskeletal injuries. Specific injury patterns and mechanisms in the upper and lower extremities, head, and spine are influenced by skier expertise and skill, position during injury, and environmental conditions. Predilection for certain joints and injury patterns have changed over time, largely due to technological advancements in equipment, increased awareness campaigns, and preventive protocols. Knowledge and understanding of these trends and developments can aid the radiologist to reach a timely and accurate diagnosis, thereby guiding clinical management and potentially reducing the overall incidence of debilitation and death.
Necrotizing Soft Tissue Infections of the Perineum
Authors: Kline Bryan P. , Jeganathan Nimalan A.
Published: February 2022

Necrotizing soft tissue infections of the perineum are rapidly progressing infections associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Prompt diagnosis and management with early surgical debridement is necessary to improve survival from this deadly disease. Repeat debridements are not uncommon. Important adjuncts to surgery include broad-spectrum antibiotics and management in an intensive care unit, as patients frequently develop multisystem organ failure. Once the acute phase is managed, fecal diversion with either an ostomy or fecal management catheter can be considered to decrease soiling of the wound and facilitate healing. Long-term management requires meticulous wound care, often with the assistance of negative pressure wound therapy. Patients may ultimately require skin grafts or tissue flaps for soft tissue coverage following extensive surgical debridements.
Risks and Benefits of Breastfeeding in COVID-19: Integrative Literature Review
Authors: Carvalho Ana Clara Alves de , Reis Gabriel Campos Carvalhaes , Oliveira João Guilherme de Moura , Borges Raquel Ferreira
Published: February 2022

Objective The present article seeks to consolidate existing knowledge on breastfeeding during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.

Data source Articles from 2020 and 2021 collected from the PubMed, CAPES, Virtual Health Library, Google Scholar, SciELO, and UpToDate databases were analyzed. Books and government documents published in the last decade (2010–2020) were also consulted.

Study Selection Sixteen works were used in the present study. The date of publication and discussion of SARS-CoV-2 transmission through breast milk were the inclusion criteria. Thus, articles containing repeated information or with no relevance to add to the production were excluded. Data collection comprised critical reading and synthesis of the main information obtained on the subject, which were performed for the preparation of the present study. The research took place in the period from March 27 to April 2, 2021.

Synthesis of the data Breast milk has diverse benefits for both the nursing mother and the infant. The presence of viral RNA by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in milk from disease-positive mothers has been detected in a few cases, and infant infections in these conditions suggest oral transmission of maternal or third-party origin. The virulence of the novel coronavirus in human milk is not confirmed, while significant amounts of exclusive antibodies are.

Conclusion Lactation in the context of COVID-19 has shown greater benefits than risks of vertical transmission. Therefore, it should be encouraged when possible.
Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Temporal Bone Arising from Cholesteatoma: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Yanez-Siller Juan C. , Wentland Carissa , Bowers Kelly , Litofsky N. Scott , Rivera Arnaldo L.
Published: February 2022

Objective Present a case of squamous cell carcinoma of the temporal bone (SCCTB) arising in a 61-year-old female with a prior history of cholesteatoma and persistent otologic symptoms and review the current literature regarding this disease presentation.

Setting Tertiary academic center.

Patient A 61-year-old female with a history of left ear cholesteatoma for which she had undergone surgery 54 years prior. The patient presented with a persistent history of otorrhea since first surgery and developed exacerbation of symptoms just prior to presentation at our department. The clinical picture was highly suspicious of cholesteatoma recurrence. However, the biopsy was consistent with squamous cell carcinoma.

Intervention Surgical debulking of the lesion was followed by a brief course of radiation therapy later halted by the patient due to side effect intolerance.

Conclusion SCCTB may arise from cholesteatoma. A high index of suspicion for SCCTB should be maintained in patients with a prior history of cholesteatoma and evidence of a temporal bone mass with persistent otologic symptoms.
Anal High-risk HPV and Liquid-based Cytology of Immunocompetent Brazilian Women with Genital High-risk HPV
Authors: Melo Karla Maria Rêgo Leopoldo , Eleutério Junior José , Peixoto Raquel Autran Coelho , Rebouças Karinne Cisne Fernandes , Eleutério Renata Mirian Nunes
Published: February 2022

Objective The purpose of this study was to compare the frequency of the occurrence of high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) and abnormal anal cytology in immunocompetent women with and without HPV-induced genital lesions.

Methods This analytical cross-sectional, observational study was conducted between July 2017 and December 2018 in a specialized outpatient clinic of a tertiary hospital in Fortaleza, CE. Fifty-seven immunocompetent women with and without genital intraepithelial lesions were assessed; they were divided into two groups: group 1 was comprised of women with HPV-associated genital lesions (n = 26), and group 2 was comprised of those without HPV-associated genital lesions (n = 31). Samples for liquid-based cytology and high-risk DNA-HPV polymerase chain reaction real-time tests were collected from the cervix and anus. All cases were evaluated using high-resolution anoscopy; biopsies were performed when required. The Fisher exact and chi-squared tests were applied for consolidated data in the contingency table, and the Student t-test and Mann-Whitney U-test for independent variables.

Results Anal high-risk HPV infections were more frequent in group 1 (odds ratio [OR], 4.95; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.34–18.3; p = 0.012), along with concomitant high-risk HPV infections in the uterine cervix and the anus (OR 18.8; 95% CI, 2.20–160; p < 0.001). The incidence of high-risk cervical HPV infection was associated with high-risk anal HPV infection (OR, 4.95; 95% CI, 1.34–18.3; p = 0.012). There was no statistical difference concerning abnormal anal cytology or anoscopy between the groups, and no anal intraepithelial lesion was found in either group.

Conclusion Immunocompetent women with HPV-associated genital lesions and high-risk cervical HPV were more likely to have high-risk anal HPV.
Heavy metals in the atmosphere determination by double-pulse laser induced breakdown spectroscopy
Authors: Cui D. Y. , Qin Y. L. , Li H. D. , Qi D. L. , Zhao G. P.
Published: February 2022

In this paper, the double-pulse laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (DP-LIBS) technique was used to analyze the heavy metal samples collected in the atmosphere using an air sampler. The enhancement characteristics of the plasma spectra were studied by using different laser wavelength combinations with 1064, 532, and 355 nm Nd:YAG lasers. The plasma spectrum of the sample was greatly enhanced when the combined laser wavelengths were 355 and 1064 nm. On this basis, the optimal inter-pulse delay time is obtained to get the maximum plasma spectrum. The relationship of the signal to background ratio, electron temperature, and electron density of the plasma spectrum with inter-pulse delay and acquisition delay is also discussed. Finally, the optimal pulse delay and acquisition time were obtained. DP-LIBS technology can effectively improve the detection effect of heavy metals in the atmosphere, which is a very promising tool in the field of environmental monitoring.