bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kassel ohne Athen. Die documenta 14 zerbricht an ihrer Ortslosigkeit
Authors: Eckardt Frank
Published: November 2019

Dieser Artikel analysiert, in welcher Weise sich die Weltkunstausstellung documenta 14 mit dem öffentlichen Raum in Kassel auseinandersetzte. Als Kritik an globalen Unrechtszuständen konzipiert, ging die diesjährige Documenta nicht auf die lokalen Umstände in Kassel ein und benutzte die Stadt stattdessen als Bühne. Statt sich mit den konkreten Prozessen vor Ort auseinanderzusetzen, wie die Ausstellung dies in Athen getan hat, wird die Tradition der Documenta gebrochen, einen Beitrag zur gesellschaftlichen Stadtentwicklung leisten zu wollen.
Ein Urbanismus der Ungleichheit
Authors: Rinn Moritz
Published: November 2019

In Deutschland werden gegenwärtig verschiedene stadtpolitische Re-Regulierungen beobachtet: neue Wohnungsbauprogramme, Instrumente zur Mietpreisbegrenzung oder Ansätze zur Restriktion von Investitionen in Gentrifizierungsgebieten. Nun wird diskutiert, ob solche ‚sozialen‘ Re-Regulierungen einen Bruch mit urbaner Neoliberalisierung anzeigen. Der Aufsatz geht dieser Frage am Beispiel Hamburgs nach. Hier haben Forscher_innen kontroverse Positionen vertreten, ob ‚progressive‘ Strategien hin zu einer ‚Stadt für alle‘ zu beobachten sind. Der Aufsatz stellt zunächst die stadtpolitischen Re-Regulierungen vor und rekonstruiert anschließend die darin produktiven normativ-strategischen Rationalitäten politisch-administrativer Akteur_innen. Die zusammenführende Analyse zeigt, dass sich in Hamburg sozial-integrierte und unternehmerische Strategien zu einem ‚Urbanismus der Ungleichheit‘ verdichten. Die ‚Stadt für alle‘ soll durch Strategien der Verbürgerlichung realisiert werden, die Ungleichheiten verstärken.
Elitenkritik, populare Bündnisse und inklusive Solidarität
Authors: Bock Violetta , Goes Thomas , Vollmer Lisa
Published: November 2019

In der aktuellen ökonomischen und politischen Krise haben Debatten um linke Strategien wieder Hochkonjunktur. Besonders kontrovers werden Vorschläge diskutiert, die einen Linkspopulismus als Alternative zum rechten politischen Projekt, zum Neoliberalismus und als Transformationsstrategie hin zu einer sozialistischen Gesellschaft propagieren. Thomas Goes und Violetta Bock haben mit ihrem Buch Ein unanständiges Angebot? Mit linkem Populismus gegen Eliten und Rechte (2017) eine programmatische Aufarbeitung existierender linker Populismuskonzepte und ihre eigene Vorstellung davon, wie ein linker Populismus gelingen kann, vorgelegt. Damit haben sie die Debatte um Linkspopulismus in Deutschland befeuert. Im Interview werden sie nach ihren Positionen und den Kontroversen um das Buch befragt. Das Interview soll als Aufschlag für eine Debatte dienen. Antworten zu den dargestellten Positionen und Bezüge zu städtischen Themen und städtischen sozialen Bewegungen sind sehr willkommen.
Erfolgreiches Scheitern eines politischen Projekts
Authors: Riedmann Sofrony
Published: November 2019

In der rezensierten Monographie gelingt es,  „New Public Management“ als strategisches und politisches Projekt auszudeuten. Die Konsequenzen für die Liegenschaftspolitik können fundiert dargelegt werden. In der Rezension wird eine Einordnung in die bisherige Forschung sowie eine kritische Würdigung der rezensierten Arbeit versucht.
Eliten unter sich
Authors: Vogelpohl Anne
Published: November 2019

Unternehmensberatungen beraten auch Politik in neoliberalen Zeiten, in denen viele politische Entscheidungen an ökonomischen Kriterien ausgerichtet werden. Dieser Beitrag zeigt auf, dass ein stadtpolitisches Beratungsprojekt nur vordergründig auf die Stadt selbst fokussiert ist. Die Projekte sind vielmehr ein Vehikel politökonomischer Eliten für die Entfaltung und Stabilisierung ihrer Machtposition. Vier Machtstrategien kommen dabei zum Tragen: die Knüpfung neuer Netzwerke, die Etablierung eines neuen politischen Vokabulars, die Projektisierung des Städtischen durch neue methodische Analyseinstrumente und die Stimulierung einer neuen Handlungsdynamik.
Make Potsdam great again
Authors: André Tomczak , Lutz Manuel , Zschoge Holger
Published: November 2019

Die Rekonstruktion der Stadtmitte Potsdams ist Paradebeispiel einer Stadtentwicklung von oben: Diskurse der Ästhetik und Wiederherstellung vergangener Pracht werden geschickt verknüpft mit Strategien der Privatisierung und Verwertung von Stadt. Das Narrativ der schönen und großartigen Stadt wird gebrochen durch Proteste, die sich seit mehreren Jahren gegen den Abriss der sozialistischen Leitbauten und für eine alternative, vielfältige, demokratische Entwicklung der Innenstadt für Alle einsetzen. Der Beitrag skizziert die Durchsetzung der Rekonstruktion der Stadtmitte als preußisches Disneyland, in der diese Alternativen marginalisiert und historische Brüche auslöschend eine feudale Stadtordnung rekonstruiert wird. Eingebunden als Akteure des Protests verknüpfen die Autoren verschiedene Perspektiven der Kritik: sie zeigen Hintergründe und Kontexte der lokalen Wiederaufbau-Allianz, die sich in planerischen und politischen Entscheidungsprozessen durchsetzen konnten.
Bevor Sie fliegen können, müssen Sie kaufen
Authors: Rekacewicz Phillipe
Published: November 2019

Bei diesem Text handelt es sich um die Übersetzung eines Beitrags aus dem Buch This is not an Atlas. A Global Collection of Counter-Cartographies, herausgegeben vom Kollektiv orangotango+, 2018 erschienen beim transcript-Verlag. Mehr dazu findet sich unter https://notanatlas.org und auf https://visions­karto.net. Wir bedanken uns beim Kollektiv und beim transcript-Verlag für die freundliche Genehmigung eines Wiederabdrucks. Übersetzt haben den Text für uns Justin Kadi und Yuca Meubrink.
1968 und die Kritik der Kritik der Stadt: Anschlüsse und Verwerfungen.
Authors: Hoerning Johanna
Published: November 2019

Wie kann heute an die rund um 1968 geäußerte Kritik der Stadt angeschlossen werden? Gibt es gute Gründe, die für solche Anschlüsse sprechen bzw. was muss verworfen werden? Die in dieser s u b \ u r b a n-Debatte vereinten Beiträge, die sowohl in Bezug auf konkrete Architektur und Städtebau als auch auf theoretische Perspektiven auf Stadt die historische Kritik der 1960er und 1970er Jahre aufgreifen, suggerieren zu diesen Fragen durchaus unterschiedliche Antworten. Sie zeigen, dass die historische Aufarbeitung der 1960er und 1970er Jahre in Bezug auf die Kritik der Stadt noch Lücken hat, aber weisen auch auf Parallelen in konflikthaften Dynamiken hin, die für heute hinweisgebend sein können. Und die Beiträge belegen, in welch fundamentaler Weise unser Denken über Städte heute geprägt ist von den kritischen sozialpsychologischen und architekturtheoretischen, feministischen und marxistischen Auseinandersetzungen dieser Zeit.
Finanzialisierung und die Raumproduktionen von Superreichen
Authors: Calbet i Elias Laura
Published: November 2019

Der Kommentar zum Abschlusskapitel von Forrest, Koh und Wissink „Cities and the Super-Rich“ diskutiert den Unterschied zwischen direkten und indirekten Investitionen und betont die asymmetrische Position zwischen Privathaushalten, professionalisierten Akteuren und Finanzinstitutionen in Finanzgeschäften. Folglich plädiert die Autorin dafür, die Mechanismen zur Vermögenskonzentration der Superreichen nicht als ‚Parasitär‘ zu bezeichnen, sondern als die – einem finanzorientierten Akkumulationssystem immanente – Umverteilung von unten nach oben zu konzeptualisieren.
Keine Angst, es ist nur Gentrification?
Authors: Üblacker Jan , Lukas Tim
Published: November 2019

Am Beispiel der Landeshauptstadt Düsseldorf untersucht der Beitrag, wie sich soziale Benachteiligung, Verdrängungsdruck und Kriminalität aus der Sicht der Bewohner_innen des Bahnhofsgebiets darstellen und welche Bedeutung allgemeinen sozialen und ökonomischen Ängsten im Hinblick auf diese Frage zukommt. Während die ökonomischen Ängste im gesamten Stadtgebiet relativ gleich verteilt sind, unterliegen die Bewohner_innen des sozial benachteiligten Bahnhofsgebiets zusätzlich dem Verdrängungsdruck, der durch die Folgen der baulichen Aufwertung und immobilienwirtschaftlichen Wertsteigerung entsteht. Die kommunale Verwaltung und die Bewohner_innen des übrigen Stadtgebiets nehmen das Bahnhofsumfeld als besonders kriminalitätsbelastet wahr, reagieren darauf mit Ordnungshandeln und fördern somit den weiteren sozialen und gewerblichen Aufwertungsprozess. Die für viele deutsche Bahnhofsgebiete typische Vermengung von allgemeinen und über das Wohnumfeld vermittelten Unsicherheiten und Konflikten bietet Instrumentalisierungspotenziale für politische Akteur_innen, die sich dieser Ängste annehmen, lokale Konkurrenzverhältnisse kulturalisieren und so eine soziale Spaltung der Stadtgesellschaft vorantreiben.
Arbeiter statt Anarch
Authors: Marty Christian
Published: November 2019

Im Beitrag wird aufgezeigt, wie Ernst Jünger von führenden Vertretern der „Identitären Bewegung“ rezipiert wird: Die „Identitären“ setzen sich äusserst intensiv mit Jüngers Frühwerk auseinander, wobei insbesondere zwei Aspekte grosse Beachtung erhalten – einerseits dessen Forderung nach einer nationalistischen Revolution, andererseits dessen Aufruf zur Bildung einer Stadtguerilla. Nach Auffassung der neurechten Gruppierung liefert der Schriftsteller damit die Ideen, welche dem Aktivismus den „rechten“ Weg weisen.
Vom Denkmalschutz zum Heimatschutz?
Authors: Augustin Magdalena
Published: November 2019

Im Zuge einiger Neu- und Umbauprojekte kam es in Wien in den letzten Jahren immer wieder zu heftigen Debatten um die Bewahrung alter Bausubstanz. Nicht selten lässt sich beobachten, dass die Freiheitliche Partei Österreichs (FPÖ) versucht, sich aktiv in den Diskurs einzubringen und sich für den Erhalt bestimmter Gebäude einsetzt. Die FPÖ gibt sich volksnah und denkmalschützerisch. Der folgende Text untersucht Online-Auftritte der FPÖ und analysiert die verschiedenen Verschränkungen von rechten Deutungsmustern im Denkmalschutzdiskurs. Anhand der Beispiele des Café und Schloss Cobenzl und der Steinhofgründe am Rande Wiens wird gezeigt, welche Strategien die FPÖ verfolgt. Dabei zeigt sich, dass die Rechte jene Kontroversen besonders stark nutzt, die zugleich politisch und emotional sind. Vor allem in der Deutungshoheit von Geschichte in ihrer baulichen Manifestation wittern die Rechten Chancen.
Let’s talk about …? Warum und wie wir mit Rechten reden müssen!
Authors: Kühn Annekatrin , Lehn Katrin
Published: November 2019

Der Kommentar zu Robert Feustels Beitrag „Substanz und Supplement – Mit Rechten reden, zu Rechten forschen? Eine Einladung zum Widerspruch“ stärkt die Methodenvielfalt der qualitativen Sozialforschung als Möglichkeit, in der Erforschung rechter Gruppierung neue Erkenntnisse und Hintergrundwissen zu gewinnen. Als forschungsethischer Kritikpunkt werden die fehlende Offenheit sowie der Ausschluss bestimmter Gruppen und Themen angemerkt.
Eine neue Kartographie des Möglichen
Authors: Yildiz Erol
Published: November 2019

Der postfundamentalistische Ansatz, der in dem Buch von Nikolai Roskamm entfaltet wird, ist ein weiterer Blickwinkel auf die Stadt: als ein hybrides und unvollständiges Konstrukt. Der Titel des vorliegenden Bandes „Die unbesetzte Stadt“ signalisiert eine interessante Idee, die aus unterschiedlichen Theorieperspektiven und in unterschiedlichen Kontexten beleuchtet wird. Der Untertitel „Postfundamentalistisches Denken und das urbanistische Feld“ benennt dabei eine spezifische Denkhaltung, die die theoretische Abhandlung durchzieht. Schlüsselbegriffe wie Antagonismus, Konflikt, Kontingenz, unstabil, unbesetzt, unvollständig etc., erscheinen für diesen Ansatz konstitutiv.
STRESS DAN TEKANAN DARAH PADA PASIEN HIPERTENSI
Authors: Gultom Agustina Boru
Published: November 2019

Masalah kesehatan yang berkaitan dengan peningkatan tekanan darah yang terjadi pada pasien hipertensimasih sering dialami oleh masyarakat baik diIndonesia sebagai negara yang sedang berkembang maupundinegara-negara maju. Masalahnya berhbungan dengan dampak peningkatan tekanan darah terhadapmasalah jantung, saraf dan ginjal. Banyak kondisi yang dapat menimbulkan peningkatan tekanan darah,dimana stress merupakan salah satu kondisi yang dapat merangsang sistem saraf simpatis, meningkatkantahanan pembuluh darah dan akhirnya meningkatkan tekanan darah, Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untukmenganalisis hubungan stress demgan tekanan darah pada pasien hipertensi. Jenis penelitian kuantitatifdengan desain penelitian korelasi dengan sampel berjumlah 36 responden pasien hipertensi melalui tehnikconsecutive sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan stress dengan tekaaan darahsistolik pada pasien hipertensi dengan p value 0,000, ada hubungan stress dengan tekanan darah diastolikpada pasien hipertensi dengan p value 0,014.
EFEKTIVITAS PEMBERIAN CITRUS BAKING SODATERHADAP PENGHILANGAN STAIN PADA PRIA PEROKOK USIA 20-55 TAHUN DI KELURAHAN TANJUNGBALAI KOTA II, Lk. III KECAMATAN TANJUNGBALAI SELATAN
Authors: Aritonang Intan , Sinulingga Devi Ray Syahfitri
Published: November 2019

Citrus and baking soda are kitchen ingredients that are often found in everyday life, have ingredients thatcan blot stains on teeth, especially stains of cigarettes or stains that can affect the color of teeth. This type ofresearch is analytic research with a quasi experiment method which aims to determine the effectiveness ofgiving citrus with baking soda to stain removal in smokers aged 20-55 years Tanjungbalai Kota II Village,Lk. III, South Tanjungbalai District with a sample of 30 people. The results showed that the average stainstate before being given was given citrus gel with baking soda to smokers aged 20-55 years in Lk. IIIKelurahan Tanjungbalai Kota II, Kecamatan Tanjungbalai Selatan, lobene intensity of 0.879, with lobenearea of 1.084, and combined lobene of 0.081. Meanwhile for stain conditions after being given citrus gelwith baking soda for smokers aged 20-55 years at Lk. III Kelurahan Tanjungbalai, Kecamatan TanjungbalaiSelatan, lobene intensity of 0.408, lobene area of 0.493, combined lobene of 0.037. That it is effective to givecitrus baking soda gel to stain removal using the dependent t-test with a value of p (0,000) <? (0.05). Thisstudy concluded that the effectiveness of giving citrus with baking soda to stain removal. It is hoped that thecommunity will use the gel as recommended.
PENGARUH PENYULUHAN DENGAN MEDIA ANIMASI KARTUN TERHADAP TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN TENTANG MENYIKAT GIGI PADA SISWA/I KELAS IV-B SD NEGERI 104219 TANJUNG ANOM KEC. PANCUR BATU
Authors: Sondang Sondang , Saragih Apri Yustika
Published: November 2019

One effort to elivate knowledge is health counseling. Counseling with various targets is more emphasized togroups of school children. The school environment is an extension of the family's hands in laying thefoundation of healthy living behavior in school children. In addition, 40% -50% of the total population is atschool children age, 6-12 years that health counseling efforts on school children's should be the foremostpriority. Health counseling in schools is integrated into the school health program (UKS). This study aimedto determine the effect of counseling with cartoon animation media to the level of students’ knowledge abouttooth brushing among the students of grade IV-B SD Negeri 104219 Tanjung Anom, Pancur BatuSubdistrict. The research used quasi experiment method with one group pre and post test while for thestatistic test, t-test dependent test was used. The result of t-Test dependent test was p value = 0,00, because p<0,05 then Ho was rejected and Ha was accepted, meaning that this research showed that counseling withcartoon animation media had an effect to elevate knowledge about toothbrushing. It is expected that studentsexpand their insight and knowledge about how to brush the teeth properly and correctly and maintain theirdental and oral hygiene to avoid dental disease.
KOMBINASI BUNGA KECOMBRANG (Etlinger elatior JACK) DAN KULIT PISANG DALAM FORMULASI PASTA GIGI BERMANFAAT PADA PENGUJIAN ANTIBAKTERI TERHADAP Streptococcus mutans DAN Escherichia coli
Authors: Sinaga Maya Handayani , Bintarti Tri
Published: November 2019

Di pasaran banyak beredar pasta gigi untuk membersihkan dan perawatan gigi, namun mengandung bahankimia sintetis yang dapat menimbulkan masalah kesehatan, misalnya flouride dan sodium lauril sulfat (SLS).Bahan ini dapat mengiritasi gusi dan mulut, gusi terasa terbakar, gigi sensitif dan rasa tidak nyaman pAdalidah.Secara tradisional kulit buah pisang matang bagian dalam, telah digunakan untuk pemutih gigi,digosok-gosokkan pada gigi selama lebih kurang 10 menit. Di samping bahan pemutih, untuk perawatan gigidibutuhkan antibakteri, untuk membasmi bakteri penyebab kerusakan gigi. Salah satu bahan alam yang telahterbukti mempunyai aktivitas antibakteri dan telah sering digunakan menghilangkan bau mulut dan badanadalah bunga kecombrang (Etlinger elatior Jack). Pemanfaatan kombinasi bunga kecombrang dan kulitpisang dalam formulasi pasta gigi berbahan nabati (herbal), bertujuan untuk mendapatkan pasta gigi alamiyang relativ aman dan ekonomis. Kulit buah pisang kepok dan bunga kecombrang segar dihaluskan dandikeringkan di atas penangas air suhu sekitar 60OC, sampai diperoleh serbuk kering. Formulasi sediaan pastagigi menggunakan kombinasi bunga kecombrangkonsentrasi 2,5%, 5%, dan 10%.dan kulit buah pisangkering pengganti kalsium karbonat dengan perbandingan (75:25); (50:50); dan (25:75). Evaluasi sediaanmeliputi uji organoleptik dengan uji kesukaan (hedonic test), homogenitas, pH, stabilitas, daya pembersihan,uji iritasi terhadap kulit sukarelawan, dan aktivitas antibakteri terhadap Streptococcus mutans danEscherichia coli dengan cara difusi agar, serta angka lempeng total terhadap spesimen air ludah sukarelawan.Hasil skrining fitokimia terlihat kandungan golongan kimia yang sama di dalam bunga kecombrang segar,kulit buah pisang segar, dan yang telah dikeringkan pada suhu 50OC, yaitu flavonoid, tannin, steroid,saponin, glikosida, dan minyak atsiri.Sediaan pasta gigi yang mengandung kombinasi serbuk kering bungakecombrang dan kulit buah pisangdisukai oleh panelis, stabil pada penyimpanan, mempunyai dayapembersihan yang baik, tidak terjadi iritasi, dan dapat membasmi bakteri Streptococcus mutans danEscherichia coli dengan kategori kuat. Formula yang paling baik adalah dengan kandungan bungatembelekan dan kulit buah pisang 75:25, karena walau daya bersihnya lebih kecil, namun mempunyaiantibakteri paling kuat,sehinggapasta gigi yang dihasilkan memberi manfaat untuk membersihkan danperawatan gigi, aman dan ekonomis.
PENGARUH PENUNDAAN PENANGANAN SPUTUM TERHADAP HASIL PEMBACAAN SEDIAAN SECARA MIKROSKOPIS PADA PENDERITA TB DI UPT. LABORATORIUM KESEHATAN DAERAH PROVINSI SUMATERA UTARA
Authors: Nelma Nelma , Lumbantoruan Armida
Published: November 2019

The background of the study is whether there are differences in the results of microscopic smear reading andthe quality of direct sputum preparations, check with sputum 24 hours at room temperature. The purpose ofthe study was to determine the effect of delaying the handling of sputum on the results of microscopicreadings of preparations in tuberculosis patients. Type of descriptive observation research. Research timeJune 2019. Research location at the Regional Health Laboratory of North Sumatra Province. The resultsshowed that from 16 sputum samples that were immediately examined, the scanty results were 2 samples, 1+there were 2 samples, 2+ there were 2 samples, 3+ there were 10 samples, whereas in the 24 hour sample atroom temperature, there were 2 negative results, 1+ there are 4, 2+ there are 3, and 3+ there are 7 samplesof BTA. Of the 16 sputum, they were immediately examined by delaying 24 hours at room temperature, 7sputum were obtained, the results of which were reduced. There is no positive number added, the samenumber of positive results is 9 sputum. This suggests that a 24-hour delay in sputum examination at roomtemperature can result in false positives. There are differences in the results between sputum directlychecked by being delayed 24 hours at room temperature 25?C. It is recommended that an AFB sputum beexamined immediately to avoid the results of false negative smear microscopic examination.
Millennial Subgroups' Attendance and Participation in Events
Authors: Scott Sheila , Ogbeide Godwin-Charles , Fenich George G.
Published: November 2019

The purpose of the study was to investigate the heterogeneity among age subgroups within the Millennial generation in terms of their preferences, motivation, and preferred communication channels regarding attending events, conferences, and conventions. Out of 1,968 respondents who participated
in this study, 1,372 respondents were part of the useable Millennial generation sample. Majority of the respondents were familiar with conference and convention prior to the study. An exploratory factor analysis indicated that career development, environmental consciousness, socialization,
personal benefit, familiarity, and timing are part of the Millennials motivation for attending conferences and conventions. In addition, the findings indicated that there are significant statistical differences in 16 out of 26 items of preferences among age subgroups.
Prosthetic Rehabilitation in Older Adult with Free Gingival Graft: Case Report
Authors: Nunes Marcelo Pereira , Nunes Luís Fernando Pereira , Nunes Filho Djalma Pereira , Pinho Roberto Mourão , Cimões Renata
Published: November 2019

Aim: The aim of the present study was to perform the clinical evaluation of the thickness of the soft tissue around dental implants using a free gingival graft obtained from the palate.

Background: Rehabilitation in elderly patients improves physiological functions and quality of life, and when this rehabilitation involves a surgical stage, it becomes a challenge, even for more experienced surgeons.

Methods: a 64-year-old, white, female patient with a complaint of difficulty chewing and discomfort stemming from her dental status. Rehabilitation was proposed involving a multidisciplinary approach to reestablish esthetics, function and wellbeing. For such, 4.1 Bone Level Tapered® implants were installed. During the presurgical preparation, a free gingival graft was planned to increase the gingival area using the Miller technique. After establishing the suitability of the oral environment, impressions were made in alginate for the fabrication of an acrylic surgical stent to protect the donor site on the hard palate and minimize the morbidity of the surgical intervention.

Conclusion: In the case reported, the increase in the gingival tissue using a free gingival graft provided satisfactory peri-implant health in an older patient  throughout annual follow-up for 15 years.
SLOPE STABILITY ANALYSIS CONSIDERING WEIGHT OF TREES AND ROOT REINFORCEMENT
Authors: Lotfalian Majid , Nasiri Mehran , Modarres Amir , Wu Wei
Published: November 2019

We study the effect of roots of alder trees on soil reinforcement and slope stabilization. Two types of soil, i.e. Marl and Clayey soils and alders of three ages are considered. The slope stability is studied according to the tree indices based on tree age and soil type. The effect of root reinforcement on slope stability is considered by an additional cohesion. The stability analyses are carried out by the FEM. We perform parameter studies considering tree age, soil type and surcharge. The results indicate that soil type is effective on cohesion. The results also showed that with increasing age of trees from 7 to 15 years, the amount of additional root cohesion increased and with the increase of the age of trees to 20 years this amount slightly decreased. Also, with regard to a constant slope geometry, the type of soil and the uniform surcharge pressure, 7-year-old trees have shown better performance in slope stabilization. It has been observed that as the age of alder trees grows, although the amount of additional root cohesion increases, however, due to increased surcharge pressure, the overall slope stability factor decreases.
AN INTEGRATED TYPE-2 FUZZY DECISION MODEL BASED ON WASPAS AND SECA FOR EVALUATION OF SUSTAINABLE MANUFACTURING STRATEGIES
Authors: Keshavarz-Ghorabaee Mehdi , Govindan Kannan , Amiri Maghsoud , Zavadskas Edmundas Kazimieras , Antuchevičienė Jurgita
Published: November 2019

One of the most essential topics for the present and future generations is sustainability. Today, because of threats made by traditional and old manufacturing practices, sustainability has become an essential topic in manufacturing companies. Attaining a sustainable manufacturing process requires making decisions about the strategies of manufacturing. In this paper, a novel integrated model is developed to evaluate sustainable manufacturing strategies. The proposed model is based upon two multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) methods: WASPAS (Weighted Aggregated Sum Product ASsessment) and SECA (Simultaneous Evaluation of Criteria and Alternatives). Due to the uncertainty of evaluation process, we use interval type-2 fuzzy sets (IT2FSs). An example of evaluating sustainable manufacturing strategies is presented, and a sensitivity analysis is carried out for illustration of the developed approach and validation of it. The findings show the efficiency of the developed model, and based on the considered example, “Eco-efficiency” can be regarded as an effective strategy.
ALMA Observations of Fragmentation, Substructure, and Protostars in High-mass Starless Clump Candidates
Authors: Svoboda Brian E. , Shirley Yancy L. , Traficante Alessio , Battersby Cara , Fuller Gary A. , Zhang Qizhou , Beuther Henrik , Peretto Nicolas , Brogan Crystal , Hunter Todd
Published: November 2019

The initial physical conditions of high-mass stars and protoclusters remain poorly characterized. To this end, we present the first targeted ALMA Band 6 1.3 mm continuum and spectral line survey toward high-mass starless clump candidates, selecting a sample of 12 of the most massive candidates (

) within

. The joint

array maps have a high spatial resolution of

(

, θ
syn ≈ 0.″8) and have high point-source mass-completeness down to

at

(or

column density sensitivity of

). We discover previously undetected signposts of low-luminosity star formation from

and

bipolar outflows and other signatures toward 11 out of 12 clumps, showing that current MIR/FIR Galactic plane surveys are incomplete to low- and intermediate-mass protostars (

), and emphasizing the necessity of high-resolution follow-up. We compare a subset of the observed cores with a suite of radiative transfer models of starless cores. We find a high-mass starless core candidate with a model-derived mass consistent with

when integrated over size scales of

. Unresolved cores are poorly fit by radiative transfer models of externally heated Plummer density profiles, supporting the interpretation that they are protostellar even without detection of outflows. A high degree of fragmentation with rich substructure is observed toward 10 out of 12 clumps. We extract sources from the maps using a dendrogram to study the characteristic fragmentation length scale. Nearest neighbor separations, when corrected for projection with Monte Carlo random sampling, are consistent with being equal to the clump average thermal Jeans length (

; i.e., separations equal to

). In the context of previous observations that, on larger scales, see separations consistent with the turbulent Jeans length or the cylindrical thermal Jeans scale (

), our findings support a hierarchical fragmentation process, where the highest-density regions are not strongly supported against thermal gravitational fragmentation by turbulence or magnetic fields.
Origin of the Short-lived Radionuclide 10Be and Its Implications for the Astronomical Setting of CAI Formation in the Solar Protoplanetary Disk
Authors: Fukuda Kohei , Hiyagon Hajime , Fujiya Wataru , Takahata Naoto , Kagoshima Takanori , Sano Yuji
Published: November 2019

We report Li–Be–B and Al–Mg isotopic compositions of Ca-Al-rich inclusions (CAIs) in Sayh al Uhaymir 290 (CH) and Isheyevo (CH/CB) metal-rich carbonaceous chondrites. All CAIs studied here do not show resolvable excesses in 26Mg, a decay product of the short-lived radionuclide 26Al, which suggests their formation occurred prior to the injection of 26Al into the solar system from a nearby stellar source. The inferred initial 10Be/9Be ratios obtained for these CAIs range from 0.17 × 10−3 to 6.1 × 10−3, which tend to be much higher and more variable than those of CAIs in CV3 chondrites. The high 10Be/9Be ratios suggest that 10Be was most likely synthesized through solar cosmic-ray irradiation. The lithium isotopic compositions of these CAIs are nearly chondritic, independent of their initial 10Be/9Be ratios. This can be explained by the irradiation targets being of chondritic composition; in other words, targets were most likely not solid CAI themselves, but their precursors in solar composition. The larger variations in 10Be/9Be ratios observed in CH and CH/CB CAIs than in CV CAIs may reflect more variable cosmic-ray fluxes from the earlier, more active Sun at an earlier evolutionary stage (class 0-I) for the former, and a later, less active stage of the Sun (class II) for the latter. If this is the case, our new Be–B and Al–Mg data set implies that the earliest formed CAIs tend to be transported into the outer part of the solar protoplanetary disk, where the parent bodies of metal-rich chondrites likely accreted.
Mid-IR Variability and Dust Reverberation Mapping of Low-z Quasars. I. Data, Methods, and Basic Results
Authors: Lyu 吕建 Jianwei 伟 , Rieke George H. , Smith Paul S.
Published: November 2019

The continued operation of the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE), combined with several ground-based optical transient surveys (e.g., CRTS, ASAS-SN, and PTF), offers an unprecedented opportunity to explore the dust structures in luminous active galactic nuclei (AGNs). We use these data for a mid-IR dust reverberation mapping (RM) study of 87 archetypal Palomar–Green quasars at z ≲ 0.5. To cope with various contaminations of the photometry data and the sparse time sampling of the light curves, procedures to combine these data sets and retrieve the dust RM signals have been developed. We find that ∼70% of the sample (with a completeness correction up to 95%) has convincing mid-IR time lags in the WISE W1 (∼3.4 μm) and W2 (∼4.5 μm) bands, and they are proportional to the square root of the AGN luminosity. Combined with previous K-band (∼2.2 μm) RM results in the literature, the inferred dust emission size ratios are

R

K

:

R

W
1

:

R

W
2

=
0.6
:
1
:
1.2

. Under simple assumptions, we put preliminary constraints on the projected dust surface density at these bands and reveal the possibly different torus structures among hot-dust-deficient, warm-dust-deficient, and normal quasars from the reverberation signals. With multi-epoch Spitzer data and later WISE photometry, we also explore AGN IR variability at 10–24 μm over a 5 yr timescale. Except for blazars and flat-spectrum radio sources, the majority of AGNs have typical variation amplitudes at 24 μm of no more than 10% of that in the W1 band, indicating that the dust reverberation signals damp out quickly at longer wavelengths. In particular, steep-spectrum radio quasars also lack strong 24 μm variability, consistent with the unification picture of radio-loud AGNs.
A Carbon-rich Hot Bubble in the Planetary Nebula NGC 5189
Authors: Toalá 杜宇 Jesús A. 君 , Montez Rodolfo , Karovska Margarita
Published: November 2019

We present the discovery of extended X-ray emission from the planetary nebula (PN) NGC 5189 around the [WO1]-type WD 1330−657 with XMM-Newton. The X-ray-emitting gas fills the cavities detected in the Hubble Space Telescope [O iii] narrowband image and presents a limb-brightened morphology toward the outer edges of the east and west lobes. The bulk of the X-ray emission is detected in the soft (0.3–0.7 keV) band with the XMM-Newton EPIC spectra dominated by the C vi Lyα line at 0.37 keV (=33.7 Å). Spectral analysis resulted in carbon and neon abundances 38 and 6 times their solar values, with a plasma temperature of kT = 0.14 ± 0.01 keV (T = 1.6 × 106 K) and X-ray luminosity of L
X = (2.8 ± 0.8) × 1032 erg s−1. NGC 5189 is an evolved and extended PN (≲0.70 pc in radius), thus, we suggest that the origin of its X-ray emission is consistent with the born-again scenario in which the central star becomes carbon-rich through an eruptive very late thermal pulse, subsequently developing a fast, carbon-rich wind powering the X-ray emission as suggested for A 30 and A 78.
The Atmospheric Circulation of Ultra-hot Jupiters
Authors: Tan Xianyu , Komacek Thaddeus D.
Published: November 2019

Recent observations of ultra-hot Jupiters with dayside temperatures in excess of 2500 K have found evidence for new physical processes at play in their atmospheres. In this work, we investigate the effects of the dissociation of molecular hydrogen and recombination of atomic hydrogen on the atmospheric circulation of ultra-hot Jupiters. To do so, we incorporate these effects into a general circulation model (GCM) for hot Jupiter atmospheres and run a large suite of models varying the incident stellar flux, rotation period, and strength of frictional drag. We find that including hydrogen dissociation and recombination reduces the fractional day-to-night temperature contrast of ultra-hot Jupiter atmospheres and causes the speed of the equatorial jet to decrease in simulations with fixed rotation. This is because the large energy input required for hydrogen dissociation cools the dayside of the planet, and the energy released due to hydrogen recombination warms the nightside. The resulting decrease in the day-to-night temperature contrast reduces the day-to-night pressure gradient that drives the circulation, resulting in weaker wind speeds. The results from our GCM experiments qualitatively agree with previous theory that found that the fractional day–night temperature contrast of ultra-hot Jupiters should decrease with increasing equilibrium temperature owing to hydrogen dissociation and recombination. Lastly, we compute full-phase light curves from our suite of GCM experiments, finding that the reduced day-to-night temperature contrast in ultra-hot Jupiter atmospheres causes a smaller phase curve amplitude. The reduction in phase curve amplitude due to hydrogen dissociation and recombination could explain the relatively small phase curve amplitudes of observed ultra-hot Jupiters.
Swift-XRT Follow-up of Gravitational-wave Triggers in the Second Advanced LIGO/Virgo Observing Run
Authors: Klingler N. J. , Kennea J. A. , Evans P. A. , Tohuvavohu A. , Cenko S. B. , Barthelmy S. D. , Beardmore A. P. , Breeveld A. A. , Brown P. J. , Burrows D. N. , Campana S. , Cusumano G. , D’Aì A. , D’Avanzo P. , D’Elia V. , de Pasquale M. , Emery S. W. K. , Garcia J. , Giommi P. , Gronwall C. , Hartmann D. H. , Krimm H. A. , Kuin N. P. M. , Lien A. , Malesani D. B. , Marshall F. E. , Melandri A. , Nousek J. A. , Oates S. R. , O’Brien P. T. , Osborne J. P. , Page K. L. , Palmer D. M. , Perri M. , Racusin J. L. , Siegel M. H. , Sakamoto T. , Sbarufatti B. , Tagliaferri G. , Troja E.
Published: November 2019

The Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory carried out prompt searches for gravitational-wave (GW) events detected by the LIGO/Virgo Collaboration (LVC) during the second observing run (“O2”). Swift performed extensive tiling of eight LVC triggers, two of which had very low false-alarm rates (GW170814 and the epochal GW170817), indicating a high confidence of being astrophysical in origin; the latter was the first GW event to have an electromagnetic counterpart detected. In this paper we describe the follow-up performed during O2 and the results of our searches. No GW electromagnetic counterparts were detected; this result is expected, as GW170817 remained the only astrophysical event containing at least one neutron star after LVC’s later retraction of some events. A number of X-ray sources were detected, with the majority of identified sources being active galactic nuclei. We discuss the detection rate of transient X-ray sources and their implications in the O2 tiling searches. Finally, we describe the lessons learned during O2 and how these are being used to improve the Swift follow-up of GW events. In particular, we simulate a population of gamma-ray burst afterglows to evaluate our source ranking system’s ability to differentiate them from unrelated and uncataloged X-ray sources. We find that ≈60%–70% of afterglows whose jets are oriented toward Earth will be given high rank (i.e., “interesting” designation) by the completion of our second follow-up phase (assuming that their location in the sky was observed), but that this fraction can be increased to nearly 100% by performing a third follow-up observation of sources exhibiting fading behavior.
Longitudinal Association Between Trabecular Bone Loss and Disease Activity in Axial Spondyloarthritis: A 4-year Prospective Study
Authors: Kang Kwi Young , Ju Ji Hyeon , Park Sung-Hwan , Hong Yeon Sik
Published: November 2019

Objective.

To investigate whether trabecular bone loss is longitudinally associated with disease activity measures in patientswith axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA).

Methods.

Data from patients enrolled in the Incheon Saint Mary’s axSpA prospective observational cohort were evaluated. Trabecular bone loss was assessed using the trabecular bone score (TBS). The relationship between TBS and disease activity measures [Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score (ASDAS), Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and C-reactive protein (CRP)] was investigated using generalized estimating equation (GEE) models.

Results.

Four-year followup data from 240 patients (80% males, mean age 37 ± 12 yrs) were evaluated. At baseline, higher disease activity according to ASDAS-ESR and ASDAS-CRP showed a trend toward lower TBS (p = 0.003 and p = 0.016, respectively). Univariate GEE analyses showed a significant association between TBS and disease activity measures over time, with the exception of BASDAI. Univariate analysis showed a longitudinal association between TBS and age, smoking, and spinal structural damage. In multivariate GEE analysis, ASDAS-ESR, ASDAS-CRP, ESR, and CRP were longitudinally associated with TBS after adjustment for confounding factors. ASDAS scores and inflammatory markers were longitudinally associated with TBS in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS; 79%), but not in patients with nonradiographic axSpA (nr-axSpA). BASDAI scores showed no relationship with TBS in either the AS or nr-axSpA groups.

Conclusion.

Trabecular bone loss in patients with axSpA, assessed using the TBS, showed a longitudinal association with ASDAS scores and inflammatory markers.
Une éducation heureuse et réussie, c’est la faute à Rousseau ?
Authors: Bachler Laurent
Published: November 2019

La psychologie positive se présente volontiers comme un ensemble d’énoncés ayant pour objectif d’augmenter notre bien-être général. En outre, ces énoncés ont été validés scientifiquement et correspondent à des résultats obtenus de manière rigoureuse et assurée. La psychologie positive est ainsi ce qu’on peut appeler une science du bonheur . Mais ni le terme bonheur ni le terme science ne sont clairs. La psychologie positive oublie que le mot bonheur est nécessairement ouvert et jamais clairement défini, sauf à imposer une conception du bonheur comme norme. Et le terme de science nous rappelle que depuis ses origines, la psychologie a du mal à justifier sa scientificité. Car il ne s’agit jamais pour la psychologie, si positive soit-elle, de décrire le monde de la psyché de manière neutre et objective. La psychologie doit choisir entre justifier nos soumissions ou susciter nos désirs de liberté.
Et le négatif dans tout ça ?
Authors: Golse Bernard
Published: November 2019

Après avoir rappelé ce qu’il en est du concept d’ambivalence, l’auteur interroge la dimension idéalisante qui peut parfois imprégner l’idée de parentalité positive et le risque qu’il y aurait à rendre les parents responsables de tout, en oubliant que les médias et la société, par exemple, s’inscrivent inévitablement dans des processus de coéducation et de cosocialisation. Il importe donc de veiller à ce que le soutien à la parentalité ne dérive pas subrepticement vers une mise en cause de l’action des parents et au contrôle d’une parentalité qui serait alors stigmatisée comme négative.
La precaria independencia de la judicatura peruana. La amovilidad judicial desde los inicios de la república hasta el reformismo castillista, 1824-1860
Authors: Whipple Morán Pablo
Published: November 2019

Este artículo analiza la dependencia de la judicatura peruana del poder político a través del estudio de las leyes y prácticas referidas a la amovilidad judicial durante los primeros años de la república hasta la reforma al sistema judicial llevada adelante durante el segundo gobierno de Ramón Castilla. El artículo argumenta que lejos de ser una reforma de carácter liberal, como otras impulsadas por la Constitución de 1856, el gobierno de Castilla buscó limitar la independencia de los jueces profundizando en el sometimiento de estos al ejecutivo.
Contributions to the Andean Senecioneae (Compositae), part III: A new species of Senecio from northern Chile
Authors: Calvo Joel , Moreira-Muñoz Andrés
Published: November 2019

A new species of Senecio L. from northern Chile is described on the basis of morphological evidence. It is a caespitose species characterized by displaying vertical hypogeous stems, fleshy spatulate leaves, subentire or distantly and shallowly dentate, discoid capitula with yellowish disc florets, anthers, and style branches, and long-pilose achenes. It is compared with the morphologically related species S. algens Wedd., S. altoandinus Cabrera, and S. cremnicola Cabrera. Detailed pictures of living plants are provided.
QR Code-based Learning Development: Accessing Math Game for Children Learning Enhancement
Authors: Widyasari Widyasari , Sutopo Hadi , Agustian Murniati
Published: November 2019

Mathematics in elementary school is difficult to understand, boring, formal, theoretical, and book-based learning, which makes students tired of listening and paying attention. The purpose of this study is to create a learning prototype based on QR codes, especially mathematics learning in elementary schools. Using the QR code, students can access math games related to the course. This learning model could encourage students to learn mathematics. The research included seven steps in research and development named after Borg & Gall, such as need assessment, plan, early product development, first test, revise early product, field test and revise product. The object of the research is QR code-based learning, and the respondents are elementary school students and teachers. After analyzing data in the first and field test, researchers found the result. QR code-based learning could support children for learning mathematics.
Online User Reviews as a Design Strategy for Global Communities: Contributions of the Open Device Labs Case
Authors: Godinho Raquel Paiva , Espinosa Ruth S. Contreras
Published: November 2019

Grass-roots community movements related to design practices and open spaces have emerged to address different issues. This study is part of a comprehensive research, which aims to explain the Open Device Labs (ODLs) ecosystem. The ODLs are a grass-roots community movement that aims to democratize cross-platform tests and evaluation on real devices. As a global community with 152 laboratories located in 35 countries, online user reviews play an essential role in helping the long-term prospects of the movement. From the Design perspective, this paper aims to answer the question: what can be learned about the ODL ecosystem from online user reviews? To answer this research question, we conducted a qualitative inductive analysis of n=217 user reviews posted on the community website, from 65 labs located in 12 countries. The results and categories presented here are a key contribution to understanding the ODL ecosystem, and ultimately to other global service communities.
E-Numeracy: Mobile Application of The Numeracy Understanding Model For Primary School
Authors: Ali Siti Rahaimah Binti , Zaini Syaza Hazwani Binti , Ahmad Hishamuddin Bin , Mukhtar Farah Binti
Published: November 2019

The purpose of this study is to examine the use of e-Numeracy: Mobile Application of the Numeracy Understanding Model among primary school students. Through e-Numeration, it allows students to solve numerical problems in their respective smart devices and find out the solution for each question. This learning method supports the concept of 21st century learning and facilitates self-learning as well as fun learning. This e-Numeration can be accessed via a tablet or any digital device by using the bar code provided. The app is easy and mobile and can be accessed anywhere. Six Year Four students were selected for this study. They were chosen based on their monthly Mathematics test results. There were two students per level; good, average and weak. For data collection, this study applies qualitative design using interview methods. The result indicated that only four respondents were able to solve all the learning activities at the application level that involved concepts and facts of mathematics, procedures for selection and definition and giving reasons. Two respondents were at the level of knowledge acquisition. This level involved elaborating basic facts, defining and formulating operations that were used in the learning activities. In conclusion, through the e-Numeracy application, student is able to recognize his numeracy level of comprehension and the student can identify their error directly as well as the students enjoyed using this application. This study also indicates that the necessity to increase the level of numeracy understanding for students at elementary level.
Oser l’incertain. L’imputation des effets indésirables médicamenteux.
Authors: Hardy Anne-Chantal
Published: November 2019

Comment les médecins imputent-ils un problème à un médicament ? Cette opération, ni évidente ni naturelle, engage tout le système de pharmacovigilance, puisque sans imputation, pas de déclaration ni de surveillance des médicaments en population générale. En s’appuyant sur des données produites à l’occasion d’une recherche qualitative portant sur la gestion des effets indésirables des médicaments en médecine générale et en oncologie, le texte montre comment l’imputation se fait (ou non) et sous quelles formes complexes elle s’affiche ou s’évite. Après une description des enjeux collectifs et individuels du processus d’imputation, les résultats de l’étude montrent par quels chemins subtils et parfois détournés se dit ou se masque l’énonciation des effets indésirables médicamenteux : effet attendu, toxicité du médicament ou intolérance du patient ? Comment les médecins peuvent-ils oser énoncer ce qui n’est qu’une incertitude ?
Subjectivités et constructions sociales d’un risque iatrogène : (in)visibilités des lipodystrophies au Sénégal
Authors: Desclaux Alice , Boye Sokhna
Published: November 2019

Les perceptions individuelles du risque d’effets indésirables associés aux médicaments, qu’elles soient anticipées en amont de l’initiation d’un traitement ou réajustées en cours de traitement, sont étroitement liées aux représentations sociales du dommage. L’analyse ethnographique menée au Sénégal à propos des lipodystrophies dues à certains antirétroviraux met en lumière des perceptions subjectives très diverses de ces troubles, et leurs rapports spécifiques au contexte social. Elle révèle aussi une dynamique collective d’invisibilisation basée d’une part sur une logique micro-sociale d’évitement de la souffrance en l’absence de traitement curatif, et d’autre part sur une logique idéelle de « prix à payer » pour bénéficier de l’efficacité des antirétroviraux. Le modèle de « mise en balance » par les patients du risque iatrogène et de l’efficacité du médicament n’apparaît pertinent que si ce dernier est appréhendé à travers son inscription sociale complexe, en mobilisant à la fois les concepts de vie sociale et de biographie politique du médicament.