bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Route Optimization Tool (RoOT) for distribution of vaccines and health products
Authors: Zabinsky Zelda B. , Zameer Mariam , Petroianu Larissa P.G. , Muteia Mamiza M. , Coelho Aida L.
Published: March 2021

Delivery of health products from provinces or districts to health facilities, including temperature-sensitive vaccines, is one of the most effective interventions to ensure availability of supplies and save lives in low- and middle-income countries. Currently, routes are hand drawn by logisticians that are adjusted based on vehicle availability and quantity of products. Easy-to-use supply chain tools are needed that planners can use in real-time to create or adjust routes for available vehicles and road conditions. Efficient and optimized distribution is even more critical with the COVID-19 vaccine distribution.

We develop a Route Optimization Tool (RoOT) using a variant of a Vehicle Routing and Scheduling Algorithm (VeRSA) that is coded in Python, but reads and writes Excel files to make data input and using outputs easier. The tool takes into account cold chain distribution, is easy-to-use, and provides routes quickly within two minutes. RoOT can be used for routine operations or in emergency situations, such as delivery of new COVID-19 vaccine. The tool has a user-centric design with easy dropdown menus and the ability to optimize on time, risk, or combination of both.

Training of logisticians in Mozambique indicate that RoOT is easy to use and provides a tool to improve planning and efficient distribution of health products, especially vaccines. We illustrate using RoOT in an emergency situation, such as a cyclone.

RoOT is an open-source tool for optimal routing of health products. It provides optimized routes faster than most commercial software, and is tailored to meet the needs of government stakeholders. Currently, RoOT does not allow multi-day routes, and is designed for trips that can be completed within twenty-four hours. Areas for future development include multi-day routing and integration with mapping software to facilitate distance calculations and visualization of routes.
Estimation of Toxic Gases’ Density Increment in the Integral Mathematical Model of Initial Fire Stage in Buildings
Authors: Fedorov Yu. , Pavlidis V. , Urban V. , Yakovleva E.
Published: March 2021

In the framework of an integral mathematical model of initial fire stage in a building the differential equation for toxic gases’ volume-averaged density has been considered. Representations for toxic gases’ density increment in the vicinity of initial instant have been found, and estimates for this increment have been given.
Vancomycin presoaking of hamstring autografts to prevent infection in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a narrative review
Authors: Figueroa Francisco , Figueroa David , Calvo Rafael , Vaisman Alex , Espregueira-Mendes João
Published: March 2021

Hamstring autograft use has been linked to an increased risk of infection after anterior cruciate (ACL) reconstruction compared to other grafts. The absolute reason for this remains unclear, with contamination after harvesting and preparation of the graft being the most accepted hypothesis. Using the rationale that a contaminated graft could be the main factor in postoperative septic arthritis and in an effort to maximize the antibiotic efficacy of the graft, the Vancomycin presoaking technique was developed. It has shown success in decreasing the infection rate in ACL reconstruction. In recent years, an important number of research articles using this protocol have appeared, but the technique is still not widely implemented. Recent literature shows that Vancomycin presoaking of the graft has shown a successful decrease in the infection rate after hamstring autograft ACL reconstruction. It has also shown efficacy decreasing the infection rate in other types of grafts (patellar tendon, quadriceps tendon, allograft) and also in patients with concomitant ligament procedures or open surgeries. Despite the positive effects of Vancomycin presoaking reducing the infection rate after ACL reconstruction, the lack of prospective randomized control trials and the heterogeneity of the different studies mean it is not feasible to recommend Vancomycin presoaking of the graft universally for every ACL reconstruction patient.

Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2021;6:211-216. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.6.200059
Tonsillitis, tonsillectomy, and deep neck space infections in England: the case for a new guideline for surgical and non-surgical management
Authors: Pankhania M , Rees J , Thompson A , Richards S
Published: March 2021

Introduction

Tonsillectomy is a common surgical procedure performed chiefly for recurrent tonsillitis. The Scottish Intercollegiate Guidance Network (SIGN) introduced guidelines in 1998 to improve patient selection for tonsillectomy and reduce the potential harm to patients from surgical complications such as haemorrhage. Since the introduction of the guidance, the number of admissions for tonsillitis and its complications has increased. National Hospital Episode Statistics over a 20-year period were analysed to assess the trends in tonsillectomy, post-tonsillectomy haemorrhage, tonsillitis and its complications with reference to the guidance, procedures of limited clinical value and the associated costs and benefits.

Materials and methods

A literature search was conducted via PubMed and the Cochrane Library to identify relevant research. Hospital Episode Statistics data were interrogated and relevant data compared over time to assess trends related to the implementation of national guidance.

Results

Over the period analysed, the incidence of deep neck space infections has increased almost five-fold, mediastinitis ten-fold and peritonsillar abscess by 1.7-fold compared with prior to SIGN guidance. Following procedures of limited clinical value implementation, the incidence of deep neck space infections has increased 2.4-fold, mediastinitis 4.1-fold and peritonsillar abscess 1.4-fold compared with immediately prior to clinical commissioning group rationing. The rate of tonsillectomy and associated haemorrhage (1–2%) has remained relatively constant at 46,299 (1999) compared with 49,447 (2009) and 49,141 (2016), despite an increase in the population of England by seven million over the 20-year period.

Discussion

The rise in admissions for tonsillitis and its complications appears to correspond closely to the date of SIGN guidance and clinical commissioning group rationing of tonsillectomy and is on the background of a rise in the population of the UK. The move towards daycase tonsillectomy has reduced bed occupancy after surgery but this has been counteracted by an increase in admissions for tonsillitis and deep neck space infections, sometimes requiring lengthy intensive care stays and a protracted course of rehabilitation. The total cost of treating the complications of tonsillitis in England in 2017 is estimated to be around £73 million. The cost of tonsillectomy and treating post-tonsillectomy haemorrhage is £56 million by comparison. The total cost per annum for tonsillectomy prior to the introduction of SIGN guidance was estimated at £71 million with tonsillitis and its complications accounting for a further £8 million.
March 2021 Pulmonary Case of the Month: Transfer for ECMO Evaluation
Authors:   University of Arizona College of Medicine – Tucson Tucson, AZ USA, Blackstone Nicholas , Olson April , Gibbs Angela , Natt Bhupinder , Campion Janet
Published: March 2021

No abstract available. Article truncated after 150 words. A 31-year-old male fire fighter with a history of recurrent “atypical pneumonia,” environmental and drug allergies, nasal polyps, asthma, and Crohn's disease (not on immunosuppressants) was transferred from an outside hospital for management of acute hypoxic respiratory failure with peripheral eosinophilia. Prior to admission he reported a 2-week history of worsening dyspnea, productive cough and wheezing, prompting an urgent care visit where he was prescribed amoxicillin-clavulanate for suspected community acquired pneumonia. Despite multiple days on this medication, his symptoms significantly worsened until he was unable to lie flat without coughing or wheezing. He was ultimately admitted to an outside hospital where his labs were notable for a leukocytosis to 22,000 and peripheral eosinophilia with an absolute eosinophil count of 9700 cells/microL. His blood cultures and urine cultures were negative, and a radiograph of the chest demonstrated bilateral nodular infiltrates. With these imaging findings combined with the peripheral eosinophilia there was …
Detection of atmospheric temperature by using polarization high-spectral-resolution lidar
Authors: Wang Jun , Pang Jingzhe , Chen Ning , Zhang Wanlin , Liu Jingjing , Wang Li , Yan Qing , Hua Dengxin
Published: March 2021

In order to achieve high signal-to-noise ratio by using small laser energy and telescope aperture, we present a polarization filter in high-spectral-resolution lidar (HSRL) for the measurement of atmospheric temperature. Compared with the filter method in a traditional HSRL in which the intensity of the return signal is split into the different transmission channel of a discriminator, the advantage of this filter system is that the intensity of the return signal is fully utilized for each discriminator channel, and the return signal changes the polarization state of the light without loss of intensity when it is incident on the two Rayleigh channels. In addition, the daytime detection capability of HSRL is improved by using a polarization optical scheme to suppress the solar background light. The advantages of the polarization filter are proven by the theoretical calculations using the Stokes vector and a Mueller matrix. In detection experiments of atmospheric temperature, the detection height is 4 km at night and 2.5 km during the day by using the pulsed energy of 50 mJ and telescope diameter of 250 mm. The results are in good agreement with the data detected by radiosonde.
Development of optical depth-sensing technology with a mechanical control lens and diffuser
Authors: Lin Chih-Hsiung , Chen Kun-Huang
Published: March 2021

A novel, to the best of our knowledge, depth-sensing technology that enables a shallow depth of field was developed by adding a diffuser to the rear end of a mechanical control lens that can capture 2D images. The sensor in the optical depth-sensing system obtains the function curve between the motor step and the focus distance through calibration and imports the measured values into the control program’s database. The optical depth-sensing system scans the visible range of an interval, and the Laplacian equation can be applied to confirm whether the interval was in focus by judging the sharpness of the contour of the objects captured in the interval and to define the outline of the objects. Then, the depth information can be obtained by calculating the focus distance based on the motor step during scanning. Finally, the focus images of individual objects are used to calculate the image contours in the depth direction. The focus images of each object are combined to reconstruct a 2.5D model within the sensing range. The optical depth-sensing system is not affected by sunlight or the material of the measured object. Furthermore, the system can be used to obtain color images by using a modified lens. The optical path is simple and does not require complex calculations. Therefore, the proposed system is not easily affected by the environment and exhibits high resolution and calculation speed.
Design of a hybrid mode and wavelength division (de)multiplexer based on contra-directional grating assisted couplers on the SOI platform
Authors: Minz Manoranjan , Sonkar Ramesh Kumar
Published: March 2021

This paper presents a hybrid mode and wavelength division (de)multiplexer (MDM-WDM), based on the silicon-on-insulator platform using the grating assisted contra-directional coupling principle. The proposed hybrid MDM-WDM is able to (de)multiplex six channels with two wavelengths and three modes. The proposed device is designed by cascading three grating assisted coupler sections. Each coupler section is dedicated to reflecting a specific mode at two wavelengths. The operation of the proposed design is simulated by the 2.5D finite-difference time-domain technique. The analysis shows that the proposed device structure exhibits an insertion loss of

<

0.55

d
B

, return loss of

>

12.81

d
B

, extinction ratio of

>

15.49

d
B

, and crosstalk of

<

−

12.74

d
B

. A fabrication tolerance study for the MDM-WDM device is also performed by changing the inter waveguide distance between the respective multimode bus waveguide and the single-mode waveguide.
Accuracy of homogeneous models for photon diffusion in estimating neonatal cerebral hemodynamics by TD-NIRS
Authors: Amendola Caterina , Spinelli Lorenzo , Contini Davide , Carli Agnese De , Martinelli Cesare , Fumagalli Monica , Torricelli Alessandro
Published: March 2021

We assessed the accuracy of homogenous (semi-infinite, spherical) photon diffusion models in estimating absolute hemodynamic parameters of the neonatal brain in realistic scenarios (ischemia, hyperoxygenation, and hypoventilation) from 1.5 cm interfiber distance TD NIRS measurements. Time-point-spread-functions in 29- and 44-weeks postmenstrual age head meshes were simulated by the Monte Carlo method, convoluted with a real instrument response function, and then fitted with photon diffusion models. The results show good accuracy in retrieving brain oxygen saturation, and severe underestimation of total cerebral hemoglobin, suggesting the need for more complex models of analysis or of larger interfiber distances to precisely monitor all hemodynamic parameters.
Introduction to the JOCN Special Issue on Machine Learning Applied to QoT Estimation in Optical Networks
Authors: Pointurier Yvan , Pesic Jelena , Rottondi Cristina , Velasco Luis
Published: March 2021

This special issue contains a collection of invited and contributed papers, including a review article and eight research articles, on the application of machine learning to the estimation of quality of transmission in optical networks.
High-speed and high-power germanium photodetector with a lateral silicon nitride waveguide
Authors: Hu Xiao , Wu Dingyi , Zhang Hongguang , Li Weizhong , Chen Daigao , Wang Lei , Xiao Xi , Yu Shaohua
Published: March 2021

Up to now, the light coupling schemes of germanium-on-silicon photodetectors (Ge-on-Si PDs) could be divided into three main categories: (1) vertical (or normal-incidence) illumination, which can be from the top or back of the wafer/chip, and waveguide-integrated coupling including (2) butt coupling and (3) evanescent coupling. In evanescent coupling the input waveguide can be positioned on top, at the bottom, or lateral to the absorber. Here, to the best of our knowledge, we propose the first concept of Ge-on-Si PD with double lateral silicon nitride (

Si

3

N

4

) waveguides, which can serve as a novel waveguide-integrated coupling configuration: double lateral coupling. The Ge-on-Si PD with double lateral

Si

3

N
4

waveguides features uniform optical field distribution in the Ge region, which is very beneficial to improving the operation speed for high input power. The proposed Ge-on-Si PD is comprehensively characterized by static and dynamic measurements. The typical internal responsivity is evaluated to be 0.52 A/W at an input power of 25 mW. The equivalent circuit model and theoretical 3 dB opto-electrical (OE) bandwidth investigation of Ge-on-Si PD with lateral coupling are implemented. Based on the small-signal (S21) radio-frequency measurements, under 4 mA photocurrent, a 60 GHz bandwidth operating at

−
3
  
V

bias voltage is demonstrated. When the photocurrent is up to 12 mA, the 3 dB OE bandwidth still has 36 GHz. With 1 mA photocurrent, the 70, 80, 90, and 100 Gbit/s non-return-to-zero (NRZ) and 100, 120, 140, and 150 Gbit/s four-level pulse amplitude modulation clear openings of eye diagrams are experimentally obtained without utilizing any offline digital signal processing at the receiver side. In order to verify the high-power handling performance in high-speed data transmission, we investigate the eye diagram variations with the increase of photocurrents. The clear open electrical eye diagrams of 60 Gbit/s NRZ under 20 mA photocurrent are also obtained. Overall, the proposed lateral

Si

3

N
4

waveguide structure is flexibly extendable to a light coupling configuration of PDs, which makes it very attractive for developing high-performance silicon photonic integrated circuits in the future.
Nucleic acid visualization assay for Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) by targeting the UpE and N gene
Authors: Huang Pei , Jin Hongli , Zhao Yongkun , Li Entao , Yan Feihu , Chi Hang , Wang Qi , Han Qiuxue , Mo Ruo , Song Yumeng , Bi Jinhao , Jiao Cuicui , Li Wujian , He Hongbin , Wang Hongmei , Ma Aimin , Feng Na , Wang Jianzhong , Wang Tiecheng , Yang Songtao , Gao Yuwei , Xia Xianzhu , Wang Hualei
Published: March 2021

Since its first emergence in 2012, cases of infection with Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) have continued to occur. At the end of January 2020, 2519 laboratory confirmed cases with a case-fatality rate of 34.3% have been reported. Approximately 84% of human cases have been reported in the tropical region of Saudi Arabia. The emergence of MERS-CoV has highlighted need for a rapid and accurate assay to triage patients with a suspected infection in a timely manner because of the lack of an approved vaccine or an effective treatment for MERS-CoV to prevent and control potential outbreaks. In this study, we present two rapid and visual nucleic acid assays that target the MERS-CoV UpE and N genes as a panel that combines reverse transcription recombinase polymerase amplification with a closed vertical flow visualization strip (RT-RPA-VF). This test panel was designed to improve the diagnostic accuracy through dual-target screening after referencing laboratory testing guidance for MERS-CoV. The limit of detection was 1.2×101 copies/μl viral RNA for the UpE assay and 1.2 copies/μl viral RNA for the N assay, with almost consistent with the sensitivity of the RT-qPCR assays. The two assays exhibited no cross-reactivity with multiple CoVs, including the bat severe acute respiratory syndrome related coronavirus (SARSr-CoV), the bat coronavirus HKU4, and the human coronaviruses 229E, OC43, HKU1 and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Furthermore, the panel does not require sophisticated equipment and provides rapid detection within 30 min. This panel displays good sensitivity and specificity and may be useful to rapidly detect MERS-CoV early during an outbreak and for disease surveillance.
Procyclic trypanosomes recycle glucose catabolites and TCA cycle intermediates to stimulate growth in the presence of physiological amounts of proline
Authors: Villafraz Oriana , Biran Marc , Pineda Erika , Plazolles Nicolas , Cahoreau Edern , Ornitz Oliveira Souza Rodolpho , Thonnus Magali , Allmann Stefan , Tetaud Emmanuel , Rivière Loïc , Silber Ariel M. , Barrett Michael P. , Zíková Alena , Boshart Michael , Portais Jean-Charles , Bringaud Frédéric
Published: March 2021

Trypanosoma brucei, a protist responsible for human African trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness), is transmitted by the tsetse fly where the procyclic forms of the parasite develop in the proline-rich (1–2 mM) and glucose-depleted digestive tract. Proline is essential for the midgut colonization of the parasite in the insect vector, however other carbon sources could be available and used to feed its central metabolism. Here we show that procyclic trypanosomes can consume and metabolize metabolic intermediates, including those excreted from glucose catabolism (succinate, alanine and pyruvate), with the exception of acetate, which is the ultimate end-product excreted by the parasite. Among the tested metabolites, tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle intermediates (succinate, malate and α-ketoglutarate) stimulated growth of the parasite in the presence of 2 mM proline. The pathways used for their metabolism were mapped by proton-NMR metabolic profiling and phenotypic analyses of thirteen RNAi and/or null mutants affecting central carbon metabolism. We showed that (i) malate is converted to succinate by both the reducing and oxidative branches of the TCA cycle, which demonstrates that procyclic trypanosomes can use the full TCA cycle, (ii) the enormous rate of α-ketoglutarate consumption (15-times higher than glucose) is possible thanks to the balanced production and consumption of NADH at the substrate level and (iii) α-ketoglutarate is toxic for trypanosomes if not appropriately metabolized as observed for an α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase null mutant. In addition, epimastigotes produced from procyclics upon overexpression of RBP6 showed a growth defect in the presence of 2 mM proline, which is rescued by α-ketoglutarate, suggesting that physiological amounts of proline are not sufficientper sefor the development of trypanosomes in the fly. In conclusion, these data show that trypanosomes can metabolize multiple metabolites, in addition to proline, which allows them to confront challenging environments in the fly.
A plant reovirus hijacks endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation machinery to promote efficient viral transmission by its planthopper vector under high temperature conditions
Authors: Yu Xiangzhen , Jia Dongsheng , Wang Zhen , Li Guangjun , Chen Manni , Liang Qifu , Zhou Yanyan , Liu Huan , Xiao Mi , Li Siting , Chen Qian , Chen Hongyan , Wei Taiyun
Published: March 2021

In the field, many insect-borne crop viral diseases are more suitable for maintenance and spread in hot-temperature areas, but the mechanism remains poorly understood. The epidemic of a planthopper (Sogatella furcifera)-transmitted rice reovirus (southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus, SRBSDV) is geographically restricted to southern China and northern Vietnam with year-round hot temperatures. Here, we reported that two factors of endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD) machinery, the heat shock protein DnaJB11 and ER membrane protein BAP31, were activated by viral infection to mediate the adaptation of S. furcifera to high temperatures. Infection and transmission efficiencies of SRBSDV by S. furcifera increased with the elevated temperatures. We observed that high temperature (35°C) was beneficial for the assembly of virus-containing tubular structures formed by nonstructural protein P7-1 of SRBSDV, which facilitates efficient viral transmission by S. furcifera. Both DnaJB11 and BAP31 competed to directly bind to the tubule protein P7-1 of SRBSDV; however, DnaJB11 promoted whereas BAP31 inhibited P7-1 tubule assembly at the ER membrane. Furthermore, the binding affinity of DnaJB11 with P7-1 was stronger than that of BAP31 with P7-1. We also revealed that BAP31 negatively regulated DnaJB11 expression through their direct interaction. High temperatures could significantly upregulate DnaJB11 expression but inhibit BAP31 expression, thereby strongly facilitating the assembly of abundant P7-1 tubules. Taken together, we showed that a new temperature-dependent protein quality control pathway in the ERAD machinery has evolved for strong activation of DnaJB11 for benefiting P7-1 tubules assembly to support efficient transmission of SRBSDV in high temperatures. We thus deduced that ERAD machinery has been hitchhiked by insect-borne crop viruses to enhance their transmission in tropical climates.
Ideological parlances on right-wing media in Britain and Finland
Authors: Tuomola Salla
Published: March 2021

One of the main themes of alternative right-wing media is a strong anti-immigrant approach, which has allegedly intensified a radical and polarized world-view throughout Europe and the United States. In this article, by comparing two right-wing news sites, I examine whether commonalities in their reporting can be discerned at a transnational level. The focus is on the US-based Breitbart London and the Finnish-language MV-lehti, both founded in 2014. The comparative study approaches the research data by utilizing the method of discourse narratology to examine the similarities and differences between the two in terms of their ideological parlances. The results show that there are indisputable commonalities, with parlances that seek to undermine liberal democracy as an outspoken opponent to strengthen the homogeneous battlefront. Accordingly, right-wing news sites in Europe adhere to the shared ideology, leaning on a strong confrontation between western and Islamic countries.
Intelligent system to control electric power distribution networks
Authors: Chamoso Pablo , De La Prieta Fernando , Villarrubia Gabriel
Published: March 2021

The use of high voltage power lines transport involves some risks that may be avoided with periodic reviews as imposed by law in most countries. The objective of this work is to reduce the number of these periodic reviews so that the maintenance cost of power lines is also reduced. To reduce the number of transmission towers (TT) to be reviewed, a virtual organization (VO) based system of agents is proposed in conjunction with different artificial intelligence methods and algorithms. This system is able to propose a sample of TT from a selected set to be reviewed and to ensure that the whole set will have similar values without needing to review all the TT. As a result, the system provides a software solution to manage all the review processes and all the TT of Spain, allowing the review companies to use the application either when they initiate a new review process for a whole line or area of TT, or when they want to place an entirely new set of TT, in which case the system would recommend the best place and the best type of structure to use.
Odor Classification using Agent Technology
Authors: Omatu Sigeru , Wada Tatsuyuki , Chamoso Pablo
Published: March 2021

In order to measure and classify odors, Quartz Crystal Microbalance (QCM) can be used. In the present study, seven QCM sensors and three different odors are used. The system has been developed as a virtual organization of agents using an agent platform called PANGEA (Platform for Automatic coNstruction of orGanizations of intElligent Agents). This is a platform for developing open multi-agent systems, specifically those including organizational aspects. The main reason for the use of agents is the scalability of the platform, i.e. the way in which it models the services. The system models functionalities as services inside the agents, or as Service Oriented Approach (SOA) architecture compliant services using Web Services. This way the adaptation of the odor classification systems with new algorithms, tools and classification techniques is allowed.
Abordagem Terapêutica da Insônia no Âmbito da Atenção Primária à Saúde / Therapeutic approach to insomnia in the context of primary health care
Authors: Sobral Arthur Cartaxo , Toledo Miguel Aguila , Sousa Milena Nunes Alves de
Published: March 2021

Objetivou-se avaliar a literatura existente sobre a abordagem terapêutica da insônia no âmbito da atenção primária à saúde. Foram pesquisados estudos originais, através dos descritores insônia, atenção primária à saúde e tratamento, em português e inglês, nas bases de dados PUBMED e Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS). Foram incluídos os artigos publicados entre 2017 e 2020, relacionados com o tratamento da insônia e suas repercussões na saúde pública, e foram excluídas pesquisas documentais ou de acesso restrito. O tratamento da insônia, abrange medidas não farmacológicas e farmacológicas. A terapia cognitivo-comportamental é considerada como tratamento padrão-ouro, com benefício a longo prazo, atuando em diversas etapas do sono. A farmacoterapia deve ser considerada em situações bem indicadas e em subgrupos especiais. Considerando-se a prevalência e repercussões clínicas da insônia, evidencia-se a importância do médico que atua na atenção primária à saúde, em dominar o manejo terapêutico da insônia.
Explicit Formulas of ARL on Double Moving Average Control Chart for Monitoring Process Mean of ZIPINAR(1) Model with an Excessive Number of Zeros
Authors: Raweesawat Kobkun , Sukparungsee Saowanit
Published: March 2021

Usually, the performance of control charts are widely measured by average run length (ARL). In this paper, the derivative explicit formulas of the ARL for double moving average (DMA) control chart are proposed for monitoring the process mean of zero-inflated Poisson integer-valued autoregressive first-order (ZIPINAR(1)) model. This model is fit when there are an excessive number of zeros in the count data. The performance of the DMA control chart is compared with the results of moving average and Shewhart control charts by considering from out of control average run length (ARL1). The numerical results found that the DMA control chart performed better than other control charts in order to detect mean shift in the process. In addition, the real-world application of the DMA control chart for ZIPINAR(1) process is addressed.
Wie kann die Umweltpolitik mit Rebound-Effekten umgehen?
Authors: Golde Michael
Published: March 2021

Maßnahmen zur Steigerung der Ressourcen- und Energieeffizienz haben in der Umweltpolitik einen festen Platz. Gesteigerte Effizienz soll dazu beitragen, Verbräuche zu reduzieren und Umweltbelastungen zu verringern. Bei der Umsetzung treten jedoch Rebound-Effekte auf, die die Umweltpolitik adressieren muss.
Effect of Microscopic Third Ventriculostomy (Lamina Terminalis Fenestration) on Shunt-needed Hydrocephalus in Patients with Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Authors: Tabibkhooei Alireza , Azar Maziar , Taheri Morteza , Ghalaenovi Hossein , Fattahi Arash , Kheradmand Hamed
Published: March 2021

There are reports that in patients with aSAH (aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage), LTF (lamina terminalis fenestration) reduces the rate of shunt-needed hydrocephalus via facilitation of CSF (cerebrospinal fluid) dynamic, diminished leptomeningeal inflammation, and decreased subarachnoid fibrosis. Regarding the conflicting results, this study was conducted to evaluate the effects of LTF on decreased shunt-needed hydrocephalus in patients with aSAH. A cross-sectional retrospective study was carried out to survey all patients with confirmed aSAH operated from March 2011 to September 2016 in an academic vascular center (Rasool Akram Hospital in Tehran, Iran). Of a total of 151 patients, 72 patients were male and 79 were female. The mean age of the participants was 51 years. A transiently CSF diversion (EVD – external ventricular drainage) was performed (the acute hydrocephalus rate) on 21 patients (13.9%). In 36 patients (23.8%), aneurysm occlusion with LTF and in 115 patients (76.2%) only aneurysm occlusion surgery was performed. In hydrocephalus follow-up after surgery, 13 (12%) patients needed shunt insertion (the rate of shunt-needed hydrocephalus). The statistical analysis demonstrated no significant relation between LTF and shunt-needed hydrocephalus. Confirmation of the hypothesis that LTF may decrease the rate of shunt-needed hydrocephalus can significantly decrease morbidity, mortality, and treatment costs of shunting (that is a simple, but a potentially dangerous procedure). So, it is advised to plan and perform an RCT (randomized controlled trial) that can remove the confounding factors, match the groups, and illustrate the exact effect of LTF on shunt-needed hydrocephalus.
Marcin Banasik, Administracyjnoprawne formy działań regulacyjnych niezależnych organów administracji publicznej, seria Monografie Prawnicze, Warszawa 2019
Authors: Jachimowicz-Jankowska Paulina
Published: March 2021

Marcin Banasik, Administracyjnoprawne formy działań regulacyjnych niezależnych organów administracji publicznej, seria MonografiePrawnicze, Warszawa 2019,
Translanguaging design in a third grade Chinese Language Arts class
Authors: Tian Zhongfeng
Published: March 2021

Traditionally strict language separation policies in dual language bilingual education (DLBE) programs reflect parallel monolingualism and have been criticized as failing to recognize the sociolinguistic realities of bilingual students (García, Ofelia & Angel M. Y. Lin. 2017. Translanguaging in bilingual education. In Ofelia García, Angel M. Y. Lin & Stephen May (eds.), Bilingual and multilingual education, 117–130. Cham: Springer International Publishing). To recognize the dynamic nature of bilingualism and leverage bilingual learners’ full semiotic and linguistic repertoire as a resource, this study looks at how to strategically and purposefully develop flexible and multilingual educational spaces in a third grade Chinese Language Arts (CLA) class in a Mandarin-English DLBE program in the New England area, U.S. Drawing upon Sánchez, María Teresa (Maite), Ofelia García & Cristian Solorza. 2018. Reframing language allocation policy in dual language bilingual education. Bilingual Research Journal 41(1). 37–51. https://doi.org/10.1080/15235882.2017.1405098, translanguaging allocation policy framework, the researcher and the teacher co-designed and implemented translanguaging documentation, translanguaging rings, and translanguaging transformation spaces in the CLA class throughout the school year of 2018–19. Taking the form of participatory design research (Bang, Megan & Shirin Vossoughi. 2016. Participatory design research and educational justice: Studying learning and relations within social change making. Cognition and Instruction 34(3). 173–193. https://doi.org/10.1080/07370008.2016.1181879), this collaborative inquiry demonstrates that translanguaging pedagogies could promote student engagement, contribute to their academic learning, and build home-school connections. It aims to provide authentic, sustainable knowledge for both researchers and practitioners to better serve bilingual learners in DLBE programs.
Controller design for output constrained thyristor controlled series capacitor (TCSC) of time-delayed power system
Authors: Maddela Chinna Obaiah , Subudhi Bidyadhar , Ghosh Sandip , Gogikar Priyanjali
Published: March 2021

Thyristor Controlled Series Capacitor (TCSC) is employed as actuator in an interconnected power system using Supplementary Damping Controller (SDC) to enhance the power transfer capabilities between areas as well as damp out the Inter-Area Low-Frequency (IALF) oscillations by varying the impedance of transmission lines. The time-varying delays in the feedback loop and asymmetric saturation limits at the output of TCSC may reduce the performance of the designed controller and lead to closed-loop instability if these are not considered in the process of controller design. Usually, a Minimum Absolute Saturation Bound technique (MASB) is used to convert asymmetric saturation limits into symmetric one. However, such consideration provides an apparent conservative and degrades the performance of the control system. To reduce the conservative in the control design process, a Normalized Saturation Bound (NSB) technique is used in this paper to convert asymmetric saturation limits of TCSC of time-delayed power system. The L-K functional and generalized sector conditions are utilized in the proposed controller design process to compensate the effect of time-varying delay and converted symmetric saturation limits. Sufficient conditions required for controller design are formulated in LMI form. 2-area 4-machine power model is used to verify the performance of the designed controller. From the simulation results, it is observed that the designed controller is giving superior performance in the present of time-varying delays and asymmetric saturation as compared to the designed controller using MASB technique.
Las colonias francesas dentro de la ecología-mundo (1830-1962): el caso de los combustibles fósiles, los bosques y las plantaciones tropicales en Argelia y Vietnam
Authors: Campagne Armel , Zahrawi Haj-Younes Rami
Published: March 2021

Los imperios coloniales jugaron un papel importante en la historia del Capitaloceno a través de la apropiación y explotación de los recursos naturales baratos, de la mano de obra y las energías baratas del mundo extraeuropeo, pero también por su producción de las naturalezas capitalizadas dentro de él, y, más ampliamente su coproducción de un mundo ecológico caracterizado por intercambios económicos y ecológicos desiguales a escala global. Basado en una problemática resultante del trabajo de Jason Moore, una reinterpretación de la historiografía existente y un trabajo de archivo, este artículo muestra que, si bien es esclarecedor comprender la historia de los combustibles fósiles, los bosques y las plantaciones de Argelia (1830-1962) y de Vietnam (1858-1954) en términos de ecología-mundo, su contribución al desarrollo de la ecología-mundo debe examinarse a la luz de las especificidades de cada colonia y de cada sector.
En primer lugar, hay que matizar la hipótesis de una producción colonial de combustibles fósiles que sería sistemáticamente barata y destinada a los centros capitalistas occidentales de la ecología-mundo, no correspondiendo esta hipótesis ni al carbón argelino (caro y usado localmente) ni a los hidrocarburos argelinos (caros y exportados principalmente a Francia) ni al carbón vietnamita (barato pero exportado al sudeste asiático). Entonces, la historia conjunta de las plantaciones de caucho vietnamitas y la agricultura colonial argelina revela una capacidad desigual y nunca absoluta de los colonizadores franceses, siempre dependientes de las condiciones ecológicas locales, para crear naturalezas capitalizadas que generen productos tropicales baratos. Finalmente, el estudio combinado de la explotación colonial de los recursos forestales en Argelia y Vietnam permite mostrar hasta qué punto el ecologismo manifestado por los colonizadores franceses, en particular el de las administraciones forestales coloniales, no obstaculizó la producción. Para la ecología-mundo, este análisis, evidentemente, merecería ser profundizado por nuevos estudios de caso, pero constituye, sin embargo, un primer vistazo a la compleja inserción histórica de las colonias francesas en el mundo ecológico.
Dispersal of Opuntia humifusa (Cactaceae) in the continental part of Ukraine
Authors:   Cherkasy State Agricultural Experimental Station of the National Scientific Center ", Rasevich V.V. ,   Institute of Agriculture of the National Academy of Agricultural Sciences of Ukraine", Didukh Ya.P. ,   M.G. Kholodny Institute of Botany, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Daciuk V.V. ,   M.G. Kholodny Institute of Botany, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Boiko G.V. ,   M.G. Kholodny Institute of Botany, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Published: March 2021

The localities of Opuntia humifusa (Cactaceae) in the continental part of Ukraine are described. All previous findings reported in Ukraine were made in the territory of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea, where the species sometimes behaves as a transformer and is threatening Crimea's natural phytodiversity. The first locality in continental Ukraine was discovered near Smila (Cherkasy Region) in a ruderal habitat; observations were conducted since 2015, the species increased the size of its population due to vegetative reproduction. The second locality was discovered in 2020 in Holosiivskyi National Nature Park (Kyiv), in a pine forest on a hill. There are also several localities, information about which is published in social networks and databases. Information of the range of the species is analyzed. Given the current understanding of taxonomy of the species, some records of its finds in Ukraine and in the world may belong to O. humifusa s. str. and, in some cases, to other species of the O. humifusa group. It is emphasized that O. humifusa can be expected in new localities. The species needs further monitoring of its distribution, especially in view of current climate changes that may promote its further spread.
Quality Improvement Approach to Reducing Admission Hypothermia Among Preterm and Term Infants
Authors: Sprecher Alicia , Malin Kathryn , Finley Deanna , Lembke Paula , Keller Sally , Grippe Ann , Hornung Genesee , Antos Nicholas , Uhing Michael
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND:

Newborns, particularly premature newborns, are susceptible to hypothermia when transitioning from birth to admission to the NICU, potentially leading to increased mortality and morbidity. Despite attention to this issue, our rate of admission hypothermia was 39.8%.

METHODS:

We aimed to reduce the rate of admission hypothermia for all inborn infants admitted to our institution to <10%. We undertook a quality improvement effort that spanned from 2013 through 2019 in our level IV NICU. Current state analysis involved investigating patient risk factors for hypothermia and staff understanding of hypothermia prevention. Improvement cycles included auditing processes, an in-hospital relocation of our NICU, expanded use of chemical heat mattresses and polyethylene bags, and staff education. Improvement was evaluated by using Shewhart control charts.

RESULTS:

We demonstrated a reduction in admission hypothermia from 39.8% to 9.9%, which was temporally related to educational efforts and expanded use of chemical heat mattresses and polyethylene bags. There was not an increase in admission hyperthermia over this time period. We found that our group at highest risk of admission hypothermia was not our most premature cohort but those infants born between 33 and 36 6/7 weeks’ gestation and those infants prenatally diagnosed with congenital anomalies.

CONCLUSIONS:

Expanded use of polyethylene bags and chemical heat mattresses can improve thermoregulation particularly when combined with staff education. Although premature infants have been the focus of many hypothermia prevention efforts, our data suggest that older infants, and those infants born with congenital anomalies, require additional attention.
Pharmacist Integration Into Care for Patients With Medical Complexity: An Intervention to Optimize Complex Therapeutic Regimens Through Medication Services
Authors: Yoder Alannah , Ogden Ricky , Williams Kristi
Published: March 2021

Children with medical complexity have a significant impact on health care cost and outcomes. Children with medical complexity are at risk for substantial polypharmacy and inherent drug-related dangers. In this special article, we describe the integration of clinical pharmacy services into our clinic for children with medical complexity. We review the process that yields results by effectively managing patients’ medications across the continuum of care while also possibly improving health care spending and outcomes.
Perinatal Stroke: A Practical Approach to Diagnosis and Management
Authors: Srivastava Ratika , Kirton Adam
Published: March 2021

Perinatal stroke is a focal vascular brain injury that occurs from the fetal period to 28 days of postnatal age. With an overall incidence of up to 1 in 1,000 live births, the most focused lifetime risk for stroke occurs near birth. Perinatal stroke can be classified by the timing of diagnosis, vessel involvement, and type of injury. Timing of diagnosis may be in the acute neonatal period or retrospectively after a period of normal development, followed by abnormal neurologic findings, with the injury presumed to have occurred around the time of birth. Strokes may be arterial or venous, ischemic, and/or hemorrhagic. Within these classifications, 6 perinatal stroke diseases are recognizable, based on clinical and radiographic features. Morbidity is high in perinatal stroke, because it accounts for most cases of hemiparetic cerebral palsy, with disability lasting a lifetime. Additional complications include disorders of sensation and vision, language delays, cognitive and learning deficits, epilepsy, and mental health consequences that affect the entire family. Advances in neonatal neurocritical care may afford opportunity to minimize brain injury and improve outcomes. In the chronic timeframe, progress made in neuroimaging and brain mapping is revealing the developmental plasticity that occurs, informing new avenues for neurorehabilitation. This review will summarize the diagnosis and management of each perinatal stroke disease, highlighting their similarities and distinctions and emphasizing a patient- and family-centered approach to management.
POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS PARA A EDUCAÇÃO PROFISSIONAL NO BRASIL (1988-1998)
Authors: Krugel Vanessa Cauê , Lemos Junior Wilson
Published: March 2021

Esse artigo trata das políticas públicas para a educação profissional entre 1988, data em que se deu a redemocratização do Brasil até a desintegração entre o Ensino Médio e a Educação Profissional, ocorrida no ano de 1998. Busca-se evidenciar a relação entre a Constituição Federal, a Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação Nacional (LDBEN) de 1996, produzida sob fortes interferências de organismos internacionais na educação brasileira, e a educação profissional. A LDB 9394/1996 proibiu o ensino de 2ª grau integrado e profissionalizante nas escolas do país. De acordo com a Portaria do MEC nº. 646 de 14 de maio de 1997, o ingresso dos estudantes deveria ocorrer ou de forma concomitante ao ensino médio ou pós-médio, promovendo a dualidade estrutural na educação profissional.
HUMAN REMOTE MOBILE MEDICAL INFORMATION COLLECTION METHOD BASED ON INTERNET OF THINGS AND INTELLIGENT ALGORITHM
Authors: Ding Tao , Li Jingtao , Pan Jiqiang , Guo Dong
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT In the environment of rapid social and economic development, the reform of medical informatization is constantly advancing, and the residents pay more and more attention to their own health status while improving their living standards. The traditional medical service system has some disadvantages in providing real-time, cross regional, long-term and easy-to-operate health services, which has become increasingly inadequate to meet the health needs of users. In order to solve the problem of difficulty in seeing a doctor caused by limited medical resources, and to carry out real-time health monitoring for a large number of groups suffering from chronic diseases and sub-health groups, this study conducted in-depth analysis and experimental exploration on the human remote mobile medical information collection method based on the Internet of things and intelligent algorithm. It established the information collection section by using KbaC clustering algorithm based on ant colony point system which, combined with a comparative study on the health indicators of related groups, has successfully proved that the Internet of things technology and intelligent algorithm for medical information collection and follow-up medical services are of certain positive significance, based on the Internet of things and other related technologies of human remote medical information collection system that can accurately and timely detect the patient's blood pressure, blood sugar and other health data, and then provide corresponding medical services.