bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Experimental Investigations of Natural Gas Hydrate Formation in a Porous Medium in The Presence of Sodium Chloride and Bicarbonate Solutions
Authors:   Institute of Oil and Gas Problems of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Research Center Yakut Scientific Centre SB RAS, Yakutsk, Ivanova I. K. , Kalacheva L. P. ,   Institute of Oil and Gas Problems of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Research Center Yakut Scientific Centre SB RAS, Yakutsk, Portnyagin A. S. ,   Institute of Oil and Gas Problems of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Research Center Yakut Scientific Centre SB RAS, Yakutsk, Ivanov V. K. ,   Institute of Oil and Gas Problems of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Research Center Yakut Scientific Centre SB RAS, Yakutsk, Bubnova A. R. ,   Institute of Oil and Gas Problems of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Research Center Yakut Scientific Centre SB RAS, Yakutsk, Argunova K. K. ,   Institute of Oil and Gas Problems of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Research Center Yakut Scientific Centre SB RAS, Yakutsk
Published: October 2023

The paper presents the results of investigation of the natural gas hydrates formation and decomposition in quartz sand in the presence of fresh water, sodium bicarbonate (0,25 and 2 mass%) and chloride (5 mass%) solutions. The selected solutions are models of stratum water of subpermafrost aquifers of the Vilyui syneclise. The study of the porous medium and salinity influence on the hydrate formation was carried out by differential thermal analysis at initial gas pressures from 4 to 7 MPa. Equilibrium conditions and kinetic parameters of the hydrate formation were determined. The kinetic parameters of the hydrate formation in porous media, depending on salinityand at each value of the initial pressure decrease in the following sequence: 0,25 mass% NaHCO3 H2O > 2 mass% NaHCO3 > 5 mass% NaCl. The stability of hydrates obtained in porous media with different salinity has been studied. It has been established that the hydrates stability in porous media decreases with an increase of the solution concentration.
Studying the Formation of Natural Gas Hydrates in a Porous Medium from a Polymer – Solution – Oil Mixture
Authors:   Institute of Oil and Gas Problems of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Research Center Yakut Scientific Centre SB RAS, Yakutsk, Portnyagin A. S. , Ivanova I. K. ,   Institute of Oil and Gas Problems of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Research Center Yakut Scientific Centre SB RAS, Yakutsk, Kalacheva L. P. ,   Institute of Oil and Gas Problems of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Research Center Yakut Scientific Centre SB RAS, Yakutsk, Portnyagina V.V. ,   M.K. Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University, Yakutsk
Published: October 2023

The article presents the results of studies of equilibrium conditions and kinetic characteristics of the processes of formation of natural gas hydrate in systems of porous medium - water - polymer - calcium chloride - oil under static conditions. It has been established that, formation of methane and natural gas hydrates mixture occurs in the systems under study. The presence of oil in the reaction system does not affect the equilibrium conditions of the gas hydrates formation within the error but reduces the hydrate formation rateand water-to hydrate convertion. The presence of the CaCl2 salt in the system shifts the equilibrium conditions of hydrate formationto the region of low temperatures. The effect of calcium chloride on the kinetics in a system without polymers has an extreme dependenceand makes it possible to double the gas uptake rate at 50 g/L. The addition of polymers (polyacrylamide, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, or polyethylene glycol) to the system suppresses the salt effect. The data obtained can be useful in the developmentof reagents for polymer flooding of an oil reservoir during oil production under conditions of gas hydrate stability.
Prospects of Using Powder Hydrogel Systems for Gas Transportation in Hydrate State
Authors:   Earth Cryosphere Institute, Tyumen Scientific Center, SB, RAS, Tyumen, Russia, Kibkalo A. A. , Drachuk A. O. ,   Earth Cryosphere Institute, Tyumen Scientific Center, SB, RAS, Tyumen, Russia, Korneva L. N. ,   Earth Cryosphere Institute, Tyumen Scientific Center, SB, RAS, Tyumen, Russia, Pletneva K. A. ,   Earth Cryosphere Institute, Tyumen Scientific Center, SB, RAS, Tyumen, Russia, Zhingel P. ,   Earth Cryosphere Institute, Tyumen Scientific Center, SB, RAS, Tyumen, Russia, Pandey G. ,   Earth Cryosphere Institute, Tyumen Scientific Center, SB, RAS, Tyumen, Russia,   University of Petroleum & Energy Studies (UPES), Dehradun, Iindia, Molokitina N. S. ,   Earth Cryosphere Institute, Tyumen Scientific Center, SB, RAS, Tyumen, Russia
Published: October 2023

This paper studies the hydrate formation kinetics at 273.2 K and an initial pressure of about 5 MPa in powder hydrogel systems stabilized by hydrophobic nanoparticles. The influence of composition of the aqueous phase used to saturate the hydrogel on hydrate formation kinetics was investigated. The stability of the systems in hydrate formation - dissociation cycles, i.e., their ability to maintain the hydrate growth rate and water-to-hydrate conversion at a high level in multiple reuses, was also assessed.
Influence of Polyvinylpyrrolidone on the Self-Preservation Effect of Propane Hydrate
Authors:   Earth Cryosphere Institute, Tyumen Scientific Center, SB, RAS, Tyumen, Russia, Madygulov M. Sh.
Published: October 2023

Experimental data on the dissociation of propane hydrate samples obtained from the bulk samples of ice and frozen aqueous solutions of polyvinylpyrrolidone are presented. It was revealed that propane hydrate exhibits a self-preservation effect, with a meager dissociation rate when subjected to a sudden drop in pressure in the presence of polyvinylpyrrolidone . This phenomenon occursat temperatures below 271 K. The results of the experiments made it possible to establish the range of polyvinylpyrrolidone concentration in frozen aqueous solutions, as well as estimate the thickness of the ice crust formed on the gas hydrate surface during dissociation,at which the self-preservation effect of propane hydrate is realized. It has been experimentally established that the shielding effect of the ice crust of preserved propane hydrate is retained up to a temperature of 272 K and completely disappears near 273 K.
Use of an Expander-Generator Cycle in Fuel Gas Reduction Unit
Authors:   Ukhta State Technical University, Ignatik А. А.
Published: October 2023

In this article, based on determining strain parameters such as the equivalent (von Mises) strain and average strain, calculations of the depth growth rate of fatigue and stress-corrosion cracks as well as the operating life of the pipeline sections are performed. The results are presented as the operating time to failure and cycles number to failure by loading internal pressure. The obtained graphs of the dependence of the crack growth rate, crack depth, equivalent (von Mises) strain, average strain in the defective zone on the pipeline operation time are presented. During computational experiments for the main pipeline the destructive depth of defects, the residual operating life of the pipeline with cracks having different initial depth and length were determined.
A Literature Review of the Effect of Individual Differences on Second Language Acquisition
Authors: Tan Anqi
Published: October 2023

Since the 1950s, the influence of individual differences in second language acquisition has received widespread attention, and each learner's individual differences affect the success of second language acquisition. However, the research on individual differences is very complex. In order to further investigate how individual differences affect the second language acquisition process, this paper starts from three aspects of individual differences influencing factors: (1) the study of general individual factors of second language learners, such as age, gender and cognitive style; (2) the study of second language learners' attitudes and motivation, such as learners' attitudes toward learning the target language, learners' research on second language learners' attitudes and motivations, such as learners' attitudes toward the target language, learners' attitudes toward the social and cultural background of the target language, integration motivation and instrumental motivation (3) research on second language learners' strategies, such as learners' cognitive strategies, learners' meta-cognitive strategies and learners' social strategies, in order to explore the effects of these individual factors in second language acquisition, so as to find countermeasures that can really help improve second language learners' learning efficiency and further improve and develop better The purpose of this study is to explore the effect of these individual factors on second language acquisition, so as to find out the measures that can really help improve the learning efficiency of second language learners, and further improve and develop a better method of teaching foreign languages according to their abilities.
Exploring the Transformed Landscape of Grammar Learning in Language Education: Unveiling Teaching Insights through Harnessing the Flipped Classroom Approach's Potential
Authors: Can Sevgi
Published: October 2023

The paper explores the potential of the flipped classroom model in language education, specifically for teaching grammar. The flipped model shifts traditional teaching by moving direct instruction outside class, allowing more engaging in-class activities. It also reverses teaching, putting direct instruction before class and interactive learning during class. It may stand language instructors in good stead, for it enhances engagement and comprehension. This experiment investigates its implementation, benefits, challenges, and impact on grammar learning outcomes. Notable among the challenges posed by this model, if instructors opt to avail themselves of its mechanisms, are technological barriers, including limited access to high-speed internet and a lack of compatible hardware. The study comprises an illustrative analysis that applies the model to instructing subject-verb agreement through pre-class activities, video content, quizzes, games, and essay assignments. The results palpably demonstrate an improved understanding and practical application of grammar. The flipped classroom offers transformative opportunities for language education, needing careful preparation and addressing tech challenges. It attempts to affect a qualitative leap in learning by using technology for content delivery and focusing on interactive in-class activities.
Connotations of Fewness and Muchness in Arabic: A Semantic and Translational Perspective
Authors: Al-Azzam Bakri H.
Published: October 2023

This study attempts to explore the reflection of the connotative meanings in the translation of the Arabic lexical items qalil (few or little) and kathir (much or many) and their derivations from Arabic into English and Spanish. In order to conduct the study, some Qur’anic verses containing the two items are chosen, and two translations of the verses, English and Spanish, are selected to evaluate the portrayal of the connotative meanings of the two items in the translation. The study shows that the verses containing qalil and its derivations hold positive and favorable connotations and overtones, while the verses containing kathir and its derivations hold negative ones. It shows that the translation challenge of the antonymous lexical items qalil and kathir does not lie in their denotative meaning, but rather in the connotative one. It further reveals that lexical items can be concurrently antonymous at the denotative and connotative levels, a semantic fact that should be given enough attention in translation. The study concludes that since literal translation does not convey the various implications of lexical items, exegetic translation is suggested as an appropriate translation strategy to transfer these implications.
THREATS AND RISKS RESEARCH METHODS
Authors: Azarenko O. , Honcharenko Yu. , Divizinyuk M. , Shevchenko R. , Shevchenko O.
Published: October 2023

The work systematizes knowledge in the field of threat and risk research when solving applied problems. To achieve the set goal, the following scientific tasks must be solved: analyze the main concepts of threat and risk research; give a description of the tasks to be solved regarding threats and risks; consider the main methods of threat and risk analysis from the standpoint of the technocratic concept; from the standpoint of the technocratic concept, consider the main methods of risk assessment, their advantages and disadvantages.
A threat is understood as a potentially possible event that can lead to harm (catastrophic event), and risk - determines the degree of danger of occurrence or impact of a threat (or a set of threats - a set of catastrophic events) on a specific object (resource, process or system). At the same time, for a specific dangerous (for example, a nuclear) object, the concepts of a certain type of threat and the risk of its occurrence are interconnected. This strict triangular dependence requires a unified (inseparable, interrelated) consideration of these concepts in relation to solving various applied problems.
A systematic approach to ensuring their safety is applied to all complex man-made objects, which includes the identification of objective dangers, the definition and ranking of threats, the assessment of the risk of their manifestation and the preparation of a forecast, which is done in favor of preventing catastrophic events caused by objective dangers. The most effective methods of threat and risk assessment are methods integrated into monitoring systems, decision support systems, and other automated management systems. The events of recent years in Ukraine require the definition of a terrorist threat as the primary and most important one, because in relation to nuclear facilities, under a positive man-made environment, it creates an avalanche-like emergency situation caused by nuclear, radiation, environmental and other catastrophic events.
In turn, this will require the systematization of existing and the development of new methods, algorithms and protocols for assessing and countering terrorist threats at man-made objects.
Keywords: emergency situation, catastrophic event, man-made object, danger, threat, risk.
METROLOGICAL PROVISION OF WORKPLACE CERTIFICATION ACCORDING TO WORKING CONDITIONS
Authors: Krainiuk O. , Buts Yu. , Didenko N. , Barbachyn V.
Published: October 2023

The purpose of the study is to determine the requirements for research methods, measurements with the help of FTA of harmful and dangerous production factors, which will allow to ensure a high level of attestation of workplaces according to working conditions.
The task of the research includes consideration of issues related to ensuring the unity of measurements in the field of labor safety, compliance of metrological activity in the specified field with the requirements of current legislation in the field of metrology.
The task of the research is also to identify problems related to the methodological support of laboratory research in the field of occupational safety, the absence of metrological requirements for laboratory research methods, metrological confirmation of FTAs, which are intended to perform workplace attestation.
Currently, there are separate scientific works on the development of standard procedures for measuring dangerous or harmful factors of the production environment, there is an established norm for any harmful parameter, but there is no national order in the methodology of measuring each parameter. Individual measurement methods do not have the status of a normative legal act. Thus, at present, there are no legal acts regulating mandatory methods of measuring the parameters of harmful factors of the production environment and the labor process during workplace attestation. Analyzing regulatory documents, it can be concluded that from the main documents establishing the standardization of some factors of the working environment, the accuracy of measurements was established only for microclimate parameters.
It should be concluded that in the field of labor protection, the state of ensuring the unity of measurements cannot be recognized as satisfactory. Summing up, we can come to the disappointing conclusion that for a reliable assessment of working conditions in workplaces, it is necessary to follow the methods of measurement and calculation of measurement uncertainty, which, unfortunately, are not always set out in mandatory documents.
Keywords: harmful and dangerous factors, certification of the workplace, uncertainty of measurements, checking, verification.
DETERMINATION OF THE FREQUENCY OF NATURAL OSCILLATIONS OF THE ELEMENTS OF THE MECHANICAL SYSTEM OF THE MOTOR CARRIAGE ROLLING STOCK
Authors: Tishchenko V. , Lohvinenko O. , Odegov M.
Published: October 2023

The article is devoted to highlighting the peculiarities of determining the frequencies of natural oscillations of the elements of the mechanical system of modern rolling stock. A significant volume of passenger transportation in suburban traffic on railway networks of Ukraine is carried out by the operating fleet of rolling stock, most of which are operated overtime. Taking into account the relatively slow pace of renewal of Ukrzaliznytsia's rolling stock fleet, scientific research aimed at maintaining a high level of technical and economic indicators of electric trains in operation becomes especially important. Therefore, research aimed at improving performance indicators of structural elements of rolling stock should be considered relevant. As one of the most responsible units of the mechanical system of modern rolling stock, the crew part can be singled out, which includes a traction electric drive, during the operation of which the phenomenon of jolts is observed in some modes of operation. Such a phenomenon is observed in resonant modes of operation, that is, the coincidence of the frequencies of natural and forced oscillations, which negatively affects the reliability and durability of the mechanical system as a whole. Therefore, the task of identifying resonant frequencies and eliminating the manifestation of the negative phenomenon of resonance arises. One of the possible ways to solve the given problem is to adjust the operation of the traction drive mechanism in non-resonant modes, which in turn requires research on the torsional oscillations of the mechanical drive system. The article presents an approach using geometric models of the design elements of the traction drive of electric trains, the corresponding mathematical model, and the results of modeling the shape of the frequency of natural oscillations of the traction drive of an electric train. Based on the results of the calculations, it was determined that the form of natural oscillation frequencies of the considered mechanical system has a two-node character. The proposed approach is based on the use of a tabular form of calculation of recurrent formulas. Based on the results of the research, recommendations are given for the further use of the obtained results.
Keywords: motor-wagon rolling stock, electric train, traction drive, self-oscillations.
THE ADVANCED METHOD OF SYSTEMATIC BIBLIOMETRIC REVIEW OF THE DIGITALIZATION OF URBAN TRUCK TRANSPORTATION FOR THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF TRANSPORT
Authors: Galkin A.
Published: October 2023

Digitization of urban freight transport is becoming increasingly important with the development of information technology and the gig economy. This paper conducts a bibliometric analysis to explore research hotspots and future trends in the digital transformation of urban freight transportation. Using Scopus and the Web of Science (WoS) Core Collection as data sources, the analysis highlights the countries with the most published articles and identifies important knowledge bases for digital transformation, such as «digital twin», «physical Internet», «hyperconnected», «logistics», «ALICE» and «Zero Emissions Initiatives». The analysis included examining the number of published articles by year and the distribution of these articles by country. A comparative analysis of keywords used in different studies was also conducted. As a result of the keyword analysis, the main areas of research in the field of digital transformation of urban freight transportation were identified, such as digital double freight transportation, physical Internet, ALICE, Zero-emission and research on the goals of urban logistics. A comparative analysis of the links between the literature showed an increase in the ranking of studies on the impact of digital transformation on freight transport in an urban environment using a connected approach. This approach is relevant in the context of digitalization of urban freight transportation and deserves further scientific attention. In addition, they will provide directions for further research and development of digital solutions in urban logistics systems, which will contribute to increasing the efficiency and sustainability of freight transportation in urban areas. The obtained results of the study can be useful for scientists, industrial partners and government bodies, as they will contribute to the understanding of the current state of digital transformation in urban freight transport. In addition, they will provide directions for further research and development of digital solutions in urban logistics systems, which will contribute to increasing the efficiency and sustainability of freight transportation in urban areas.
Keywords: digital twin, hyperconnected logistics, physical internet, ALICE, Zero Emission initiatives.
A Comparative Analysis of Community Detection Agglomerative Technique Algorithms and Metrics on Citation Network
Authors: Rachamadugu Sandeep Kumar , Parameshwarappa Pushphavathi Thotadara
Published: October 2023

Social Network Analysis is a discipline that represents social relationships as a network of nodes and edges. The construction of social network with clusters will contribute in sharing the common characteristics or behaviour of a group. Partitioning the graph into modules is said to be a community. Communities are meant to symbolize actual social groups that share common characteristics. Citation network is one of the social networks with directed graphs where one paper will cite another paper and so on. Citation networks will assist the researcher in choosing research directions and evaluating research impacts. By constructing the citation networks with communities will direct the user to identify the similarity of documents which are interrelated to one or more domains. This paper introduces the agglomerative technique algorithms and metrics to a directed graph which determines the most influential nodes and group of similar nodes. The two stages required to construct the communities are how to generate network with communities and how to quantify the network performance. The strength and a quality of a network is quantified in terms of metrics like modularity, normalized mutual information (NMI), betweenness centrality, and F-Measure. The suitable community detection techniques and metrics for a citation graph were introduced in this paper. In the field of community detection, it is common practice to categorize algorithms according to the mathematical techniques they employ, and then compare them on benchmark graphs featuring a particular type of assortative community structure. The algorithms are applied for a sample citation sub data is extracted from DBLP, ACM, MAG and some additional sources which is taken from and consists of 101 nodes (nc) with 621 edges € and formed 64 communities. The key attributes in dataset are id, title, abstract, references SLM uses local optimisation and scalability to improve community detection in complicated networks. Unlike traditional methods, the proposed LS-SLM algorithm is identified that the modularity is increased by 12.65%, NMI increased by 2.31%, betweenness centrality by 3.18% and F-Score by 4.05%. The SLM algorithm outperforms existing methods in finding significant and well-defined communities, making it a promising community detection breakthrough.
A Comparative Analysis of Design Principles for Integration in Wearable Persuasive Multimedia
Authors: Mazlan Umi Hanim , Sarif Siti Mahfuzah
Published: October 2023

Many studies, to varying degrees, have confirmed the importance of persuasive approaches in wearable technology. Meanwhile, there are also a growing number of studies in persuasive multimedia, particularly in promoting awareness. Also, many studies reported on wearable multimedia, especially in game-based and VR/AR applications. Given the increasing emergence of these technologies, there is a need to integrate existing diverse research endeavours and consolidate them for improved planned effects on human attitude and behaviour, including one's awareness. However, a similar attempt to incorporate a triad of persuasive, multimedia and wearable design principles toward improved controllability awareness lacks empirical evidence. Here, this study explores the design principles of persuasive, multimedia and wearable technologies that can be leveraged into an integrated design model, especially in promoting controllability awareness of mental health issues. Moreover, this study believes exploring the potential integration of the design principles would significantly impact the application's effectiveness. Therefore, this study conducted a comparative analysis which involved 20 relevant studies pertinent to wearable design principles, persuasive design principles, and multimedia design principles. Furthermore, all identified studies were reviewed regarding the domain, the technology used, target outcomes, and utilisation of the design principles. As a result, this study discovered that many studies were on integrating persuasive and multimedia design principles and persuasive and wearable technologies. Therefore, the outcome of this study could be leveraged to incorporate all three design principles (i.e., wearable, persuasive technology, multimedia) into a conceptual model. The conceptual model is expected to produce a more effective result, especially in enhancing controllability awareness in the mental health domain.
Text Clustering of Tafseer Translations by Using k-means Algorithm: An Al-Baqarah Chapter View
Authors: Ahmed Mohammed A. , Baharin Hanif , Nohuddin Puteri NE.
Published: October 2023

Al-Quran is Muslims’ main book of belief and behaviour. The Al-Quran is used as a reference book by millions of Muslims worldwide, and as such, it is useful for Muslims in general and Muslim academics to gain knowledge from it. Many translators have worked on the Quran’s translation into many different languages around the world, including English. Thus, every translator has his/her own perspectives, statements, and opinions when translating verses acquired from the (Tafseer) of the Quran. However, this work aims to cluster these variations among translations of the Tafseer by utilising text clustering. As a part of the text mining approach, text clustering includes clustering documents according to how similar they are. This study adapted the (k-means) clustering technique algorithm (unsupervised learning) to illustrate and discover the relationships between keywords called features or concepts for five different translators on the 286 verses of the Al-Baqarah chapter. The datasets have been preprocessed, and features extracted by applying TF-IDF (Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency). The findings show two/three-dimensional clustering plotting for the first two/three most frequent features assigned to seven cluster categories (k=7) for each of five translated Tafseer. The features ‘allah/god’, ‘believ’, and ‘said’ are the three most features shared by the five Tafseer.
PENGARUH BEBAN KERJA DAN KOMPETENSI TERHADAP MUNCULNYA PERILAKU TIDAK ETIS PENDAMPING SOSIAL PROGRAM KELUARGA HARAPAN KABUPATEN BANDUNG BARAT DI KEMENTERIAN SOSIAL REPUBLIK INDONESIA
Authors: Noor Muhammad Adwin Luthfian , Hayati Neuneung Ratna
Published: October 2023

Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH) merupakan salah satu program bantuan pemerintah yang diharapkan dapat menurunkan angka kemiskinan di Indonesia. Banyaknya target pekerjaan yang harus diselesaikan dengan waktu singkat mengakibatkan pendamping sosial PKH sebagai street-level bureaucrats menganggap beban kerja terlalu berat. Diperlukan kompetensi yang memadai agar dapat menjalankan tugas dan fungsi agar tujuan dapat tercapai. Kondisi tingginya beban kerja dan kurangnya kompetensi tersebut dapat mendorong indikasi munculnya perilaku tidak etis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh beban kerja dan kompetensi terhadap munculnya perilaku tidak etis. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah metode kuantitatif deskriptif dengan teknik analisis regresi linear berganda. Teknik pengumpulan data primer dilakukan melalui penyebaran kuesioner pada seluruh pendamping sosial PKH di Kabupaten Bandung Barat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkanbahwa beban kerja termasuk ke dalam kategori sangat tinggi, kompetensi termasuk ke dalam kategori sangat tinggi, dan perilaku tidak etis termasuk ke dalam kategori tinggi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diidentifikasi bahwa beban kerja memiliki pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap perilaku tidak etis. Hal ini disebabkan banyaknya tugas yang diberikan dalam waktu singkat dapat membuat pendamping membenarkan segala cara untuk menyelesaikan pekerjaannya. Disisi lain, kompetensi berpengaruh negatif dan siginifikan terhadap perilaku tidak etis. Hal ini dikarenakan rendahnya kemampuan pendamping sosial PKH dalam menjalankan tugas sehingga muncul indikasi perilaku tidak etis.
Isoniazid resistance profile in rifampicin resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Authors: Shareef Naomee , Saleh Ahmed Abu , Ibne Sattar Abu Naser , Anwar Shaheda
Published: October 2023

Background:  Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is a global public health problem. Rifampicin (RIF) resistance has been used as a surrogate marker for MDR-TB but isoniazid (INH) resistance within RIF resistance cases is little known. This study aimed to determine the proportion of INH resistance among RIF-resistant MTB.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, from March 2021 to February 2022, 53 RIF-resistant MTB isolates in sputum samples detected by Xpert-MTB RIF assay were enrolled. All samples were tested for mutation in katG (codon 315) and inhA promoter (-5, -8, -15 and -16) genes to detect INH resistance by real-time PCR. Statistical analysis was done using IBM SPSS (version 26).
Results: Out of 53 RIF-resistant samples, 15.1% were sensitive to INH, and the rest had concomitant resistance to INH. The proportion of newly diagnosed and previously treated cases was nearly equal, and most of the previously treated cases (92.9%) received treatment regularly. INH-resistant cases were mostly previously treated (55.5%), whereas sensitive cases were mostly newly diagnosed (62.5%). KatG was found to be the prominent mutation, with or without in combination with inhA mutation.
Conclusion: A considerable number of RIF-resistant isolates did not show concomitant resistance to INH. Most of the INH-resistant isolates were associated with katG mutation. Evaluation of INH resistance before using high-dose INH will help to avoid dose-dependent toxicity in MDR-TB patients.
Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University Journal 2023;16(3): 160-166
Beliefs related to the dying process and its impact on end-of-life care in the Marma community of Bangladesh: A qualitative study
Authors: Mroy Wai Wai , Bhuiyan AKM Motiur Rahman , Ibne Towhid Muhammad Ibrahim , Chowdhury Mostofa Kamal , Ahmed Nezamuddin , Haque Md Atiqul
Published: October 2023

Background: Marma indigenous community in Bangladesh has a unique culture with its religion, culture, language, and tradition. To provide appropriate healthcare and end-of-life support, healthcare providers must know their beliefs and customs near and after death. We explored the beliefs related to the dying process and its impact on end-of-life care in the Marma community of Bangladesh.
Methods: This cross-sectional qualitative study used an open-ended interview schedule for in-depth interviews. Twenty-six interviewees were selected purposively from the Marma community of Bandarban district to represent a population of different ages with varied experiences and religious knowledge. After each in-depth interview, all field notes and audio records were transcribed verbatim, and qualitative content analysis was done to construct the themes.
Results: After analysis, the generated theme indicated a ‘reflection of previous Karma (the sum of a person's actions)’ within the Marma community. This theme is based on three categories: 'state of the body and mind’, ‘care of a dying person’, and ‘beliefs on the dying process’.
Conclusion: Death is inevitable for all of us, but suffering in death is not desired. Like other communities around the world, the Marma community also holds its own beliefs and practices regarding end-of-life care related to death. The death of a person in his own house is considered a good death within the Marma community. In the traditional death ritual practices of the Marma community, palliative care in the form of end-of-life care has the potential to enhance the quality of life, alleviate suffering, and enable a peaceful passing with dignity.
angabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University Journal 2023;16(3): 144-151
Gender and other factors influencing the specialty choice among postgraduate medical students in Bangladesh, 2016-2020
Authors: Alam Evana Binthe , Haque Md Atiqul , Ibne Towhid Muhammad Ibrahim , Khan Md Maruf Haque , Fatema Khandakar , Salwa Marium , Haseen Fariha , Paul Bijoy Kumer
Published: October 2023

Background: Over the last two decades, there has been a gender shift in undergraduate medical education in Bangladesh with different influencing factors in specialty choice as a career. We aimed to determine the gender and other influencing factors in specialty choice among post-graduate medical students of Bangladesh.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka. Secondary data regarding students’ enrollment from 2016 to 2020 were acquired from the registry of the Information Technology Cell of BSMMU. Face-to-face interviews were conducted with 118 postgraduate medical students to learn about the motivation behind their specialty selections.
Results: From 2016 to 2020, 9,112 postgraduate medical students were enrolled in 73 post-graduate medical programmes across the five faculties (Surgery, Medicine, Basic Science and Para Clinical Science, Pediatrics, and Preventive and Social Medicine) of BSMMU. There was a gradual increase in female students from 41.6% in 2016 to 49.3% in 2020. Male dominancy was found in the faculties of Surgery (61.2%) and Medicine (69.7%), whereas the faculties of Basic Science and Paraclinical Science (74.6%), Pediatrics (53.7%), and Preventive and Social Medicine (66.9%) were dominated by female students. Significant differences in the sex distribution among postgraduate medical students were observed in the faculties of Surgery and Pediatrics. The most frequently mentioned influencing factors for medical students' choice of specialization were 'personal interest' (86.3%), followed by 'future career potential' (74.6%) and 'demand for the specialty' (73.7%). Significant gender variations in these influencing factors existed.
Conclusion: Over the years, the percentage of female postgraduate medical students has increased in all five faculties of BSMMU. Gender differences in specialty choice can assist policymakers in making equitable distributions of the healthcare workforce.
Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University Journal 2023;16(3): 152-159
Relationship problems and suicide in Bangladesh
Authors: Arafat S M Yasir , Kabir Russell
Published: October 2023

Abstract not available
Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University Journal 2023;16(3): 186-187
Outcome based education: Shaping the future of learning
Authors: Paul Bijoy Kumer
Published: October 2023

Abstract not available
Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University Journal 2023;16(3): 182-183
Transverse mini-incision for carpal tunnel release
Authors: Morshed Taufiq , Hasan Md Israt , Sen Ananta Kumar , Ferdous Md Zahid , Ahmed Syed Mozaffar
Published: October 2023

Background: Carpal tunnel syndrome is a commonly prevalent entrapment neuropathy characterized by median nerve compression within the carpal tunnel. The aim of this study was to compare the outcomes of transverse mini-incision and traditional mini-palm incision for carpal tunnel release.
Methods: A non-randomized interventional study was done at Kurmitola General Hospital, Dhaka and US Bangla Medical College Hospital, Narayangonj between January 2019 and December 2021. Forty-two patients diagnosed with idiopathic carpal tunnel syndrome were allocated to the transverse mini-incision group (n=20) and traditional mini-palm incision group (n=22).
Results: Patients operated with transverse mini-incision returned to their work significantly earlier (mean 10.3 days) than patients operated with traditional mini-palm incision (mean 18.7 days). No significant difference was found between transverse mini-incision group and traditional mini-palm incision group as determined by the McGill pain score improvement (P=0.16), the Bangla version of the Boston carpal tunnel questionnaire symptom severity score (P=0.61) and functional severity score (P=0.43).
Conclusion: Transverse mini-incision is comparable to the traditional mini-palm incision in terms of pain, other symptoms, and functional outcome. However, patients in transverse mini-incision group could return earlier to work.
Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University Journal 2023;16(3): 167-171
Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis: A case report
Authors: Kundu Gopen Kumar , Akhter Masuma , Ahmed Sanjida , Dey Bishnu Pada , Hassan Shah Noor
Published: October 2023

Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCL) represent severe neurodegenerative conditions which is one of the lysosomal storage disorders. There are four main clinical forms of NCL among which late infantile variety is the second most common condition. Here, we discuss a case concerning a boy aged 5 years and 4 months who exhibited a continuous decline in cognitive and motor functions starting from the age of 4. As the disorder advanced, he experienced gradual deterioration of his eyesight, unsteady walking and myoclonic seizures. An electroencephalogram performed on the child demonstrated widespread instances of sharp and slow wave discharges alongside a slowed background activity. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed extensive cerebral and noticeable cerebellar degeneration. A skin biopsy extracted from the armpit area displayed distinctive eosinophilic inclusions within the cells and structures in the eccrine ducts which stained positively for periodic acid-Schiff. These findings indicated a possibility of neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses.
Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University Journal 2023;16(3): 174-177
Association of single nucleotide polymorphism in patatin like phopholipase domain containing 3 (PNPLA3) gene with paediatric non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Alam Rubaiyat , Fathema Kaniz , Rukunuzzaman Md , Nahid Khan Lamia , Mahbuba Sharmin , Akram Lubana , Sattar Abu Naser Ibne
Published: October 2023

Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most unabating cause of chronic liver disease in children and adolescents. This study aimed to examine the association of single nucleotide polymorphism in patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 3 (PNPLA3) gene with paediatric non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
Methods: This case-control study was conducted from June 2021 to December 2022. Fifty-one overweight children aged 6–17 years were recruited in this study and divided into NAFLD (cases) and non-NAFLD (controls) groups based on hepatic steatosis detected by liver ultrasonography. We analysed the rs738409 polymorphism by TaqMan assay and examined its association with NAFLD.
Results: Thirty-one (60.8%) children were in the case group and 20 (39.2%) children were in the control group. Alanine aminotransferase (P<0.001) and triglycerides (P=0.02) were found to be significantly higher in cases. However, no significant association was found between the PNPLA3 rs738409 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and the presence of NAFLD in children.
Conclusion: Our study didn't find any association between PNPLA3 rs 738409 single nucleotide polymorphisms and presence of NAFLD in children, but we discovered that high alanine aminotransferase  and triglycerides level can be useful in screening overweight children for NAFLD.
 
Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University Journal 2023;16(3): 139-143
A proposed post-graduate biotechnology course curriculum at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University
Authors: Biswas Subroto Kumar , Banu Laila Anjuman , Masum Md Mohiuddin
Published: October 2023

Abstract not available
Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University Journal 2023;16(3): 172-173
Pierson syndrome presenting as Alport syndrome: A case report
Authors: Santa Samina Masud , Diba Tahmina Akter , Mamun Abdullah Al , Begum Afroza , Haque Syed Saimul
Published: October 2023

Pierson syndrome is an autosomal recessive disorder, characterised by congenital nephrotic syndrome and progressive renal failure. Patient of this  syndrome may have some ocular abnormalities. We report a 46 month old girl with Pierson syndrome whose renal  biopsy showed features suggestive of Alport syndrome. Genetic study report showed laminin b2 (LAMB2) mutation which presents as nephrotic syndrome, type 5 with or without ocular abnormalities and Pierson syndrome, and tripartite motif containing8 (TRIM8) mutation which presents with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis and neurodevelopmental syndrome. The patient was given supportive therapy.
Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University Journal 2023;16(3): 178-181
Comparative evaluation of the strength characteristics of light polymerization composites for teeth restoration by the three-point bend method
Authors: Kukhta V. , Makeev V. , Kyrmanov О. , Stankevich О.
Published: October 2023

Purpose: to carry out a comparative analysis of the strength characteristics of composites of swiil polymerization for the restoration of teeth using the threepoint bending method. Results. It was determined that in terms of bending strength, dental composites were arranged in the following order: Tetric N-Ceram (164.44 MPa) < Charisma Classic (141.19 MPa) < Filtek Z250 (129.38 MPa) < Latelux (60.75 MPa). According to the Tukey criterion, the bending strength of the Latelux composite is statistically significantly different from other materials (p < 0.01). At the same time, between the fracture load of composites Tetric N-Ceram and Charisma Classic (p > 0.2), Charisma Classic and Filtek Z250 (p > 0.09), Tetric N-Ceram and Filtek Z250 (p > 0.8) this difference is not significant. Conclusion. In terms of bending strength parameters and elastic modulus, the studied materials meet modern requirements for the strength of hybrid materials, and the Tetric N-Ceram composite has the best performance. Key words: polymer composites, strength, acoustic emission method.
HGF/C-Met Expression in Epithelial Ovarian Carcinogenesis and Its Potential as Molecular Targeted Therapy
Authors: Maranata Angeline , Hellyanti Tantri , Kodariah Ria
Published: October 2023

Background: The Mesenchymal-Epithelial Transition factor (C-Met) is a tyrosine kinase receptor (TKR) that binds to a ligand called Hepatocyte Growth Factor (HGF). Recent studies conducted on patients with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) reported that high expression of C-Met was associated with poorer clinicopathological grading and outcomes. Therefore, this study aimed to further explore the downstream pathway specifically activated when the HGF/C-Met complex was formed, the interplay between C-Met and other molecules, as well as the impact on EOC when these interactions were inhibited through designated molecular targeted therapy.Methods: The search strategy using the PubMed search engine (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/) was conducted on September 21, 2022, with the keywords: “HGF/C-Met and ovarian cancer”. The search resulted in 261 articles, and they were filtered by “published in the last five years,” which yielded 67 articles. These articles then underwent further screening, resulting in 40 articles for analysis. A systematic literature review was conducted to improve the quality of this study. Approximately 150 articles were thoroughly examined and organized using a reference manager, then 15 with the greatest impact and clinical relevance to this study were selected. Results: The HGF/C-Met complex was found to stimulate signaling pathways linked to the growth of epithelial cells and also caused the phosphorylation of tyrosine residues on other tyrosine receptors. The activation of C-Met affected the downstream pathways involving molecules associated with cell proliferation and survival, such as epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), p53, and KRAS. C-Met can be combined with other tyrosine kinase inhibitors in chemotherapy to enhance the initiation of cell death (apoptosis) in cancer cells.Conclusions: The HGF/C-Met mediated a signaling cascade that played an essential role in the tumorigenesis of ovarian carcinoma and had the potential to be a targeted molecular therapy in EOC