bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Urinary incontinence in dogs: pathophysiology and medical management
Authors: Martinez Carlos , Bennaim Michael , Shiel Robert
Published: December 2015

Urinary incontinence is a disorder of micturition characterised by the inappropriate leakage of urine. Increasing attention has been brought to this disorder over the past 30 years as dogs have been increasingly living indoors with their owners. Several diagnostic tests and treatment options are available nowadays. This review focuses on the pathophysiology, investigations and medical management of urinary incontinence.
Maxima of the signless Laplacian spectral radius for planar graphs
Authors: Yu Guanglong , Wong Jianyong , Guo Shu-guang
Published: November 2015

The signless Laplacian spectral radius of a graph is the largest eigenvalue of its signless Laplacian. In this paper, we prove that the graph $K_{2}\nabla P_{n-2}$ has the maximal signless Laplacian spectral radius among all planar graphs of order $n\geq 456$.
Bioaccumulation and distribution of 137 Cesium in the Humpback Grouper Fish (Cromileptes altivelis)
Authors: MELINDA KETY , SUSENO HENY , PRIHATINI WAHYU
Published: November 2015

Melinda K, Suseno H, Prihatini W. 2015.Bioaccumulation and distribution of137Cesium in the Humpback Grouper Fish(Cromileptes altivelis). Nusantara Bioscience 7:180-184.Humpback grouper fish (Cromileptes altivelis) is a highly valuable exportcommodity of food products. The high demand of this species needs to be supported by the intensive coastal aquaculture. However, thecoastal aquaculture has been jeopardized by several threats, for an exampleradionuclide pollutantÂ 137Cesium (Cs) generated fromnuclear reactor wastes. The pollutant accumulation in fish occurs because of continuing exposure to the pollutant-containing medium. This research was conducted from May to June 2015 at the Laboratory of Oceanic Radioecology,Center for Technology of RadiationSafety and Meteorology, National Nuclear Energy Agency, South Jakarta. This research observed the level of bioaccumulation anddistribution ofÂ 137Cs inC. altivelis bodies. RadionucleidÂ 137Cs of 2 Bq/mL concentration was inducted to two groups of fish, i.e. mediumsize (average body mass of 65.8g) and small size (average body mass of 34.7g). The calculation of concentration factor valuesatsteady state (CFss) was done to determine the level of bioaccumulationÂ 137Cs in fish body. The distribution ofÂ Cs in fish body wasanalyzed by calculating the percentage of accumulationÂ 137Cs in a certain organ to the total accumulation in fish body. The resultsshowed that the value of CFss of medium size fish was 1.23 and CFss for small fish was 2.01. It means that small size fish accumulatedÂ 137Cs almost twice as much as larger fish. The accumulation ofÂ 137Cs in C. Altivelis was foundmost in its muscle (meat), which was63.34%. This research findings provide reason for us to be more careful in consuming humpback grouper fish coming fromÂ Cspolluted water due to the impact ofbiomagnifications of 137Cs in fish.
Recrossing the Sargasso Sea: Trauma, Edward Kamau Brathwaite, and His Critics
Authors: Metz Jeremy
Published: November 2015

In an oft-cited passage in his 1974 monograph Contradictory Omens , Edward Kamau Brathwaite declares that white creoles have forfeited their claim to the spiritual life of the Caribbean. Whether intended or not, his pronouncement raised doubts about the standing of Jean Rhys’ Wide Sargasso Sea (1966) in the Caribbean canon. Brathwaite brought discomfiting attention to his own “black West Indian” identity (38) as well as the identities of Rhys and several prominent scholars who had written about the novel. The dialogues of misrecognition that have characterized several of the more notable exchanges between Brathwaite and his principal critic, Peter Hulme, illustrate the need for a reading practice for Caribbean trauma texts that recognizes, as Cathy Caruth has argued, that authors and critics are implicated in one another’s histories. The need for such recognition is particularly urgent in the case of critics who see themselves connected to the historical traumas staged in the texts they investigate. Rather than following the model of canonical European trauma texts, especially Holocaust accounts, in which perpetrators and victims are opposed in both individual and collective binaries, Caribbean texts offer more complex sites for the study of trauma literature. Victims may be identified with groups that have perpetrated pervasive cultural trauma and perpetrators of psychological trauma may belong to groups of the dispossessed. These crosscurrents provide highly productive grounds for deepening our understanding of readers’ and critics’ responses to trauma texts and to one another.
Imagining the Canadian Agrarian Landscape: Prairie Settler Life Writing as Colonial Discourse
Authors: McDonald Shirley Ann
Published: November 2015

This essay discusses the power of settler life writing to replace Indigenous conceptions of the prairies with colonial visions in southern Alberta. Pioneer memoirs promote myths of the prairie as a fertile utopian environment or a hostile frontier. Both myths are founded on the georgic mode, which Virgil established circa 34 BCE and which emerges in English literature that emphasizes land and labour. By accentuating their social status and the labour they have performed to improve their ranches and farms, pioneer life writers support their claims of entitlement to colonize land.
Translation, Children’s Literature, and Lu Xun’s Intellectual Struggles
Authors: Shen Chu
Published: November 2015

The translational effort of Lu Xun (1881-1936), China’s foremost modern writer, has been largely placed under the nationalist and revolutionary paradigms which also characterize scholarly evaluations of children’s literature in modern China. This paper investigates Lu Xun’s translations in three periods and explores its multifaceted complexity toward a nuanced understanding. Each period reveals a paradoxical side of Lu Xun that is not quite in tune with mainstream scholarship on his translations: individualism, cosmopolitanism, and reservations about Marxism. The paper concludes that Lu Xun’s practice of translation implicates his complex, decades-long intellectual struggles in ways just as significant as the types of writing for which he has been celebrated.
Placuit apostolicae (Ep. 1) of Zosimus of Rome and the Ecclesiastical Reorganization of Gaul
Authors: Dunn Geoffrey D.
Published: November 2015

Around the beginning of the fifth century the praetorian prefect for Gaul and the governor of Viennensis relocated their headquarters from Trier and Vienne respectively to Arles, which created a dispute between the bishops of Vienne and Arles as to whom should be metropolitan of the province of Viennensis. While the synod of Turin had proposed dividing the province in two ecclesiastically, problems emerged in 417 when Zosimus, bishop of Rome, within the first week of his election, asserted in his Epistula 1 (JK 328) that the bishop of Arles was to be metropolitan not only of Viennensis but over several provinces in the civil diocese of Septem Provinciae as well (depriving the bishops of Marseille, Vienne, and Narbonne of their metropolitan status) and thereby making him virtual papal vicar in the exercise of Roman prerogatives. This new arrangement created enormous religious conflict, as a further seven letters and synod in Rome in September 417 attest, including the efforts of Zosimus to declare the synod of Turin invalid. Ralph Mathisen investigated this episode and concluded that Zosimus’s efforts to assert his own authority over Gaul resulted only in uniting the Gallic churches against him. This paper seeks to analyse Zosimus’s involvement in Gaul and argues that this was not really his plan but rather that of the bishop of Arles. It also seeks to ask whether or not Zosimus anticipated the resultant conflict, as well as the authority by which he sought to make these changes.
Clement of Alexandria’s Gnostic Exposition of the Decalogue
Authors: Edwards Robert G. T.
Published: November 2015

Clement of Alexandria’s only explicitly stated “gnostic exposition” of the Bible occurs in Stromateis 6.16, the subject of which is the Decalogue. This paper examines what is particularly “gnostic” about this “gnostic exposition” by examining Clement’s extensive use of the ἐγκύκλιος παιδεία, along with the more explicitly (truly) “gnostic” aspects of the interpretation. Through these examinations of the “gnostic exposition,” it is concluded that Clement’s interpretation is delivered to the true Gnostic, and that Clement is teaching through a veil—by way of “hints”—in order to show the Gnostic his/her role as the teacher of the Church.
“Watch me go invisible”: Representing Racial Passing in Mat Johnson and Warren Pleece’s Incognegro
Authors: Moynihan Sinéad
Published: November 2015

This essay examines the potential of the graphic novel as a vehicle to explore one of the most enduring tropes in American culture: racial passing. As what Hillary Chute and Marianne DeKoven term a “hybrid project,” graphic narrative has the potential to pose “a challenge to the structure of binary classification that opposes a set of terms, privileging one.” Since passing narratives are themselves devoted to unsettling binaries – racial binaries – this essay considers the marrying of the graphic novel and the passing narrative in Mat Johnson and Warren Pleece's Incognegro (2008). How, in other words, can what Scott McCloud terms “the art of the invisible” (comics) depict what Joel Williamson memorably calls “invisible blackness”?

The essay is particular interested in two aspects of Incognegro ’s hybridity, one of which relates content, the other to form. First, in terms of content, the collaborators make several significant revisions to the comic book’s signature character, the superhero, amalgamating the conventions of the superhero story with those of passing narratives in order to destabilise some of both genres’ most telling assumptions. Second, in terms of formal devices, this essay examines the particular combination of visual and textual vocabularies deployed in Incognegro to portray the ambiguously-raced subject, comparing it to the ways in which such subjects have been racially-encoded in more conventional literary and cinematic narratives of passing. Ultimately, this essay considers whether Incognegro ’s hybrid properties offer new political possibilities for the narrative of racial passing.
Collections of “Old Comic Strips” in Art Spiegelman’s In the Shadow of No Towers
Authors: Stamant Nicole
Published: November 2015

Art Spiegelman’s In the Shadow of No Towers presents readers with a truly collaborative text housing two different yet parallel collections: a collection of his own ten graphic pages which represent the memoirist’s struggle after the World Trade Center attacks, and a collection of “old comic strips” which were “the only cultural artifacts that could get past [his] defenses” at that time. This particular collection of comic strips reflects Spiegelman’s own mourning process after September 11; including old comic strips about New York City, patriotism, and the tension between high and low culture in the United States at the turn of the last century, he is able to reflect a certain historical nostalgia about New York City specifically, and about the United States more generally. Through the technique of palimpsest, the materiality of ephemera, and an understanding of seriality as both a mode of production and a way to represent the self and daily life, Spiegelman assembles images and artifacts into a substantial text employed in collecting and archiving memory. The things that Spiegelman believes shouldn’t be ephemeral, like the towers or democracy itself, are shown in this memoir as fleeting and warped, while the things that would seem to be solely ephemera, daily comic strips or an image witnessed before the towers collapsed, may be indelible.
“—it’s pretty easy to forget what it’s like to be a have-not”: Envisioning and Experiencing Trauma in Josh Neufeld’s A.D.: New Orleans After the Deluge
Authors: Coby Jim
Published: November 2015

Following the catastrophic events after Hurricane Katrina annihilated much of the southern Gulf Coast, comics artist Josh Neufeld volunteered with the Red Cross and worked providing aid to rural communities in southern Mississippi. While there, Neufeld was struck by the stories he heard, and decided he needed to give voice to those who lacked a public forum to vocalize their discontent. The product of his interviews is the graphic novel A.D.: New Orleans After the Deluge . Revolving around the plights of seven New Orleanians in the days immediately prior to and following Hurricane Katrina, A.D . encapsulates a myriad of responses to the storm – from the middle-class who managed to leave town, to those who were trapped at the Superdome, to wealthy residents who had hurricane parties in their French Quarter villas. In the pursuit of giving his subjects voices, Neufeld manages to capture the effects of a traumatic experience with remarkable clarity and precision, allowing his readers to understand how the storm wreaked havoc on the lives of New Orleans’ natives. In addition to the print version of A.D ., Neufeld also published an online edition, replete with hyperlinks which lead readers to various resources which prompt them to investigate the storm in greater depth.

My paper explores the various representations of trauma in Neufeld’s text, specifically arguing that through his use of hyperlinks in the Web based A.D ., Neufeld projects trauma in a surprisingly experiential way, and thereby better lets his audience understand the position of those who experienced Katrina firsthand.
Working it Through: Trauma and Autobiography in Phoebe Gloeckner’s A Child’s Life and The Diary of a Teenage Girl
Authors: Køhlert Frederik Byrn
Published: November 2015

This article explores the relationship between autobiography, trauma, and comics in the work of Phoebe Gloeckner, and demonstrates through close readings how the visual and fragmented comics form can be mobilized both for therapeutic purposes and as a means to assert agency for a victim of trauma. Comics autobiography, crucially, externalize the self as a drawn visual representation on the page that is self-evidently other to the contractual author. This splitting of the subject into a narrating author and a narrated visual representation on the comics page is congenial to the representation of traumatic memories, which theorists have long recognized to be manifesting themselves as the intrusion of visual snapshots into normal consciousness. The comics form, further, functions as a kind of visual scriptotherapy, which allows the author to dissociate the traumatic memory onto the page and create a narrative from a series of disjointed memories. Readings of selected passages from Gloeckner’s two books A Child’s Life and The Diary of a Teenage Girl illustrate how her use of the comics form take advantage of its inherent ability to present traumatic memory and construct a literal eyewitness in the reader. Finally, the article argues that the form’s ability to establish narrative from fragmented, repetitious, and disjointed images allows Gloeckner to organize painful memories into a coherent sense of self, and in this way work through her trauma.
Understanding civic cognitive assessment tasks: Associations between linguistic features and students’ task performance
Authors: Zhang Ting , Torney-Purta Judith , Mislevy Robert J.
Published: December 2015

This study investigates how text features and item characteristics are associated with early adolescents’ performance in large-scale assessments in civic education (CIVED). Examining responses to multiple-choice items from the IEA CIVED assessment, the study identified linguistic features related to item difficulty. These features account for more than one-third of the variance in difficulty level of 38 test items for a national sample of 3000 US ninth-grade students. On this test in CIVED short words, words with concrete meanings, intentional verbs and certain noun phrases were likely to facilitate students’ comprehension and ability to correctly answer an item. Contrariwise, lengthy words, words with abstract meanings and complex syntactic structure hindered student performance. Some linguistic features significantly predict the performance of students from homes with high literacy resources, but do not reach significance for less advantaged students. Kintsch’s situation model helps to interpret these results.
Decision Making and Citizen Participation in Korean and US textbooks: Passage features, cultural differences and comprehension
Authors: Huh Hyejin , Chambliss Marilyn J.
Published: December 2015

This study focused on 10-year-olds reading explanations from Korean and US textbooks to discover how well the children could comprehend the materials and what educators from the two countries could learn from one another. Passages from both countries reflected writing patterns in their larger cultures, but the Korean passages had more culture-free features that would enhance comprehension than the US passages. A total of 63 Korean and 57 US 10-year-olds read one of the passages from their own country or a translation from the other country and responded to items to assess knowledge, comprehension, and interest. Possessing background knowledge was positively associated with comprehension regardless of topic or country. Overall, both the US and Korean children comprehended the Korean explanations more effectively than the US passages. Both culture-independent and culture-dependent passage features seem to have contributed to this difference, suggesting approaches to improving instructional materials in civics for students across cultures.
The labyrinthine ways of myth reception: Cretan myths in theme park rides
Authors: Carlà Filippo , Freitag Florian
Published: November 2015

This article examines the translation of two ancient Greek myths into theme park attractions in European theme parks. Following a very general discussion of the reasons for the popularity of ancient myths in modern media, the authors present a model of cultural translation in theme parks. The model is then applied to two theme park rides in Terra Mítica (Spain) and Parc Astérix (France), both of which, while referring to different myths, rely on the same iconography to establish their theme (the palace of Cnossos). The article specifically addresses scholars interested in classical reception studies and theme park studies, but may be interesting to anyone studying popular culture, cultural translation, adaptation and reception.
Reviews
Authors: Gasperini Anna , Cofaigh Éamon Ó , Killeen Padraic
Published: November 2015

Alan Moore and the Gothic Tradition, Matthew J. A. Green (ed.) (2013) 1st ed., Manchester: Manchester University Press, 306 pp. ISBN: 9780719085994, h/b, £65.00

Post-War French Popular Music: Cultural Identity and the Brel-Brassens-Ferré Myth, Adeline Cordier (2014) Ashgate Popular and Folk Music Series, 188 pp., ISBN 9781409426066, h/b, £60.00

The Ghosts of My Life: Writings on Depression, Ha untology and Lost Futures, Mark Fisher (2014) Winchester: Zero Books, 245 pp. ISBN: 9781780992666, p/b, £12.95
TURISMO SUSTENTÁVEL E MEIOS DE HOSPEDAGEM: UMA AVALIAÇÃO DA SUSTENTABILIDADE HOTELEIRA EM BARRA GRANDE, MARAÚ (BA)
Authors: Borges Carlos Henrique Leite , Ferraz Marcelo Inácio Ferreira , Borges Adriana Vilas-Boas
Published: December 2015

Este trabalho objetivou avaliar as condições dos meios de hospedagem sob as quais se desenvolvem as práticas para o turismo sustentável na vila de Barra Grande em Maraú (BA). Considerando que o turismo mobiliza toda a comunidade na busca de benefícios socioeconômicos, torna-se relevante conhecer a contribuição do setor hoteleiro para o desenvolvimento sustentável da atividade por meio do índice de sustentabilidade hoteleira. Os procedimentos metodológicos tiveram caráter descritivo e exploratório e foi utilizado como procedimento o levantamento do tipo survey, levando-se em conta indicadores baseados no funcionamento do estabelecimento e no comportamento de visitantes e funcionários. Os resultados revelaram um índice de sustentabilidade hoteleira com valor de 0,39, representando uma condição insatisfatória e sugerindo que a adoção de práticas sustentáveis por parte dos meios de hospedagem ainda são incipientes. Depreende-se, portanto, que muito ainda há de ser feito para que os meios de hospedagem contribuam significativamente para o turismo sustentável nessa localidade. Palavras-chave: Turismo Sustentável. Indicadores. Índice de Sustentabilidade.
MOTIVAÇÕES E BENEFÍCIOS SOCIOECONÔMICOS DO TURISMO RURAL PEDAGÓGICO PARA OS EMPREENDEDORES E A COMUNIDADE RURAL: O CASO DO PROJETO VIVA CIRANDA E ROTEIRO CAMINHOS RURAIS
Authors: Da Silva Marielen Aline Costa , De Souza Marcelino
Published: December 2015

A dinâmica rural no novo século, baseada na multifuncionalidade da agricultura, assim como a busca da valorização do rural, da reconexão entre cidade e campo e da conscientização de crianças e jovens sobre a produção de alimentos, trouxeram à tona a emergência de novas atividades não agrícolas, como o Turismo Rural Pedagógico (TRP), uma nova modalidade de turismo rural e agroturismo voltada à prática pedagógica. Desta forma, o presente artigo apresenta alguns resultados da dissertação intitulada A prática do turismo rural pedagógico: aspectos motivacionais e impressões dos benefícios para as famílias e comunidades rurais, cujo principal objetivo foi investigar e identificar as motivações e os benefícios socioeconômicos do turismo rural pedagógico para as famílias e a comunidade no entorno do projeto Viva Ciranda e do roteiro Caminhos Rurais. Para tanto, foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com os empreendedores e a comunidade local. A análise dos dados foi realizada por meio da categorização das respostas, tabulação dos dados e dos softwares Web-QDA e Excel. Os resultados revelaram que o TRP consolida-se como uma interessante opção de investimento e de estratégia de desenvolvimento local, atraindo diferentes perfis de empreendedores. Observou-se que, embora represente uma oportunidade de diversificação econômica, as principais motivações para iniciar e permanecer no TRP, bem como os principais benefícios reconhecidos pelos empreendedores, estão vinculados aos aspectos sociais, como a valorização do meio rural, a satisfação pessoal e a conexão entre rural e urbano. Além disso, a pesquisa verificou o reconhecimento e a valorização dessa prática pela comunidade do entorno das propriedades pedagógicas. Palavras-chave: Turismo rural pedagógico. Turismo rural. Motivações. Desenvolvimento rural.
MISSÃO ORGANIZACIONAL: ANÁLISE DOS PRINCIPAIS ELEMENTOS PRESENTES NAS MISSÕES DAS EMPRESAS HOTELEIRAS BRASILEIRAS
Authors: Vilain Jaqueline Freitas , De Souza Paula , Lunkes Rogério João
Published: December 2015

A missão organizacional é a principal proposta da empresa, pois demonstra para que ela serve, a justificativa de sua existência para a sociedade e a função social que ela exerce. A declaração de missão representa uma potencial ferramenta para a formulação e a implementação da estratégia de uma organização. Nesse contexto, este artigo tem por objetivo identificar e analisar os principais elementos presentes nas missões das empresas hoteleiras brasileiras associadas à Associação Brasileira da Indústria de Hotéis (ABIH). Efetuou-se um estudo de cunho descritivo, com abordagem quantitativa e análise de conteúdo. A relação dos hotéis investigados foi extraída do website da ABIH, totalizando 2056 empresas hoteleiras. A amostra foi composta por 243 hotéis que divulgaram nele sua missão. Estabeleceu-se o modelo de Pearce II (1982) como indexador de missão efetiva. Os resultados indicam que nenhuma empresa da amostra possui uma missão efetiva, isto é, os hotéis brasileiros fazem a missão por adaptação à sua estrutura ou influência do setor em que estão inseridos. Os indicativos apontam que as empresas pesquisadas utilizam a missão mais como instrumento de propaganda do que de gestão estratégica. Palavras-chave: Missão organizacional. Elementos. Hotéis.
Factors affecting dental prosthesis satisfaction in Pakistani population
Authors: Ahmed Naseer , Faruqui Saba
Published: December 2015

The purpose of this clinical study was to determine the level of patients satisfaction after prosthodontic treatment.This cross sectional study was conducted in Altamash Institute of Dental Medicine, a total of 200 partially edentulous patients already restored with removable or fixed prosthesis participated in this study. Patient satisfaction was evaluated by Likert's scale. The Patients were given options of unsatisfied, not very satisfied, neutral, somewhat satisfied and satisfied to evaluate patients level of satisfaction for factors such as phonetics, pain, mastication, taste and esthetics.After statistical analysis, Likert scale score's positively for all factors such as phonetics, pain, mastication, taste and esthetics.After prosthodontic treatment patients show high level of satisfaction with their prosthesis though showing positive impact of prosthesis on oral health.
Amfory na wino z Hispanii Tarraconensis jako świadectwo handlu w zachodniej części basenu morza śródziemnego od I w. p.n.e. do I połowy II w. n.e.
Authors: Góralczyk Agnieszka
Published: December 2015

During the period of the Republic, the viniculture of the Pyrenean Peninsula supplied wine for the local needs. When Rome had become Empire, wine production grew to a massive scale, which is attested to by numerous discoveries of amphorae from Spain both in Hispania Tarraconensis and other provinces in the western Mediterranean. In the 1st cent. AD, Spanish wine monopolised the market in the region. Towards the end of the 1st cent. AD, agricultural production in Hispania Tarraconensis was reorganised – vine was replaced with cereal. The early 2nd cent. AD saw discontinuation of business in most centres of ceramic production and disappearance of Roman villas whose main profits came from vineyards.
„Nawracam się nie dla katolików, ale na katolicyzm” (Sigrid Undset). Literacko-medialny wizerunek norweskiego konwertyty
Authors: Królczyk Bremer Józefa
Published: December 2015

In the paper, the author attempts to reconstruct the image of a Catholic convert as conveyed in Norwegian media. The text first reconsiders the historical factors which affected the presence of Catholicism in Norway (Christianisation, Reformation, ban on Catholic religious practices, and the change of laws granting freedom of denomination). Subsequently, the author discusses several instances of famous Norwegian converts, including writer and Nobel prize winner Sigrid Undset, and reconstructs the social and intellectual climate which accompanied conversions in the interwar years. The article shows the specificity of Norwegian Catholicism, which consists in an exceptionally high share of people with university degrees and members of the Norwegian intellectual elite among the converts. Taking into account these particular conditions, the author describes the singular social climate and media coverage which surrounds the conversions.słowa klucze
Imigracja w Szwajcarii po 1945 roku – ewolucja postaw społeczeństwa i federalna polityka integracji
Authors: Pogorzelska-Kliks Agata
Published: December 2015

The article discusses immigration in Switzerland after 1945: its dynamics and the policy of the federal government towards immigration and immigrants. An important issue addressed in the paper are relations between Helvetian Federation and European Union, especially with respect to bilateral agreements concerning free movement of people. The second part of the article is devoted to social attitudes towards immigration as well as the increasingly radical views of the right-wing groups, especially Swiss People’s Party (SVP, in French – Democratic Union of the Centre – UDC) on immigration, which is most vividly manifested in public initiatives submitted to popular vote. An analysis of the results of votes demonstrates that the attitudes of the Swiss public towards immigration are not uniform. Initiatives aimed at expelling immigrants from Switzerland are rejected, but so are proposals of laws which make obtaining Swiss citizenship easier. Furthermore, the author discusses the Federation’s immigrant integration policies, in which emphasis is put on integration on the job market or social integration, while completely ignoring political integration (granting civil rights). The final issue addressed in this paper is the analysis of a watershed in the history of immigration in Switzerland, namely the public vote of February 9th, 2014 “Against Mass Immigration” and its consequences. This has been discussed based on source texts (text of the public initiative and commentaries of politicians, sociologists and journalists).
Izrael – państwo demokratyczne czy teokratyczne?
Authors: Szczerbiński Waldemar
Published: December 2015

Recenzja książki: Anna Dudzińska, Tożsamość żydowska a polityka imigracyjna Izraela, Wydawnictwo Naukowe Scholar, Warszawa 2014, 154 s.
Na marginesie książki Urszuli Kicińskiej uwag kilka.
Authors: Świderska-Włodarczyk Urszula
Published: December 2015

Recenzja książki: Urszula Kicińska, Wzorzec szlachcianki w polskich drukowanych oracjach pogrzebowych XVII wieku, DiG, Warszawa 2013, 404 s.
Dialektyka i synteza. O Pascalowskiej filozofii człowieka
Authors: Błaszczyk Marek
Published: December 2015

The study focuses on the characteristically Pascalian attempt at synthesizing of contradictory and intensely remote extremes of existence. Assuming the form of existential dialectics, the paradox of Pascalian vision refers in particular to the human, demonstrating the non-reducible tension between the intuitive (irrational) and the rational (panlogical); between the heart and the mind, between faith and knowledge. The conviction of human misery or the worldly vanity is fused here with the simultaneous sense of human greatness (the power of thought). The tension which therefore spans those dichotomous ontological-ontic dimensions is the determining factor of the constitution of individual existence.
East European Jews – prejudice or pride?
Authors: Szczerbiński Waldemar
Published: December 2015

Jews from Central-Eastern Europe play a significant role in the formation of individual and social self-awareness in the Jewish world. It seems that in the Jewish world there exists a polarised approach to the Jews from this part of the world. On the one hand, there is pride, on the other, prejudice verging on shame. Some Jews have identified themselves with the group, others did the opposite, denied having anything to do with them. The most important question of our analyses is: what is the role of Eastern European Jews in building Jewish collective identity? Byron Sherwin, an American Jew, is an example of a great fascination with the Yiddish civilisation. Not only does he recognize and appreciate the spiritual legacy of Jews in Poland for other Jews around the world, but also accords this legacy a pre-eminent status in the collective Jewish identity. At the same time, he is conscious of the fact that not all Jews, if only in the United States, share his view. It is an upshot of the deep prejudice towards the life in the European Diaspora, which has been in evidence for some time. The same applies to the Jews in Israel. The new generations see the spiritual and cultural achievements of the Eastern European Jews as a legacy that should be learned and developed. This engenders hope that the legacy of the Jews of Eastern Europe will be preserved and will become a foundation of identity for future generations.
Catholic Church and the Italian public television. An enduring relation with an interlude: the Council
Authors: Ruozzi Federico
Published: December 2015

The article presents the entanglement of the Catholic Church and the media by focusing on the case of the Second Vatican Council and the television broadcast of its events. The mass media attention of the council stimulated, according to the author, a double level: the media conveyed more information about the church event than it had ever done before, but at the same time, the mass media influenced the discussion of the council fathers. The article also analyzes, through the lens of the Council, the recent relationship between the Catholic Church and the Italian television.
Minimal Energy Solutions and Infinitely Many Bifurcating Branches for a Class of Saturated Nonlinear Schrödinger Systems
Authors: Mandel Rainer
Published: December 2015

We prove a conjecture recently formulated by Maia, Montefusco and Pellacci saying that minimal energy solutions of the saturated nonlinear Schrödinger system

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$\left\{\begin{aligned} \displaystyle-\Delta u+\lambda_{1}u&\displaystyle=\frac% {\alpha u(\alpha u^{2}+\beta v^{2})}{1+s(\alpha u^{2}+\beta v^{2})}&&% \displaystyle\text{in }\mathbb{R}^{n},\\ \displaystyle-\Delta v+\lambda_{2}v&\displaystyle=\frac{\beta v(\alpha u^{2}+% \beta v^{2})}{1+s(\alpha u^{2}+\beta v^{2})}&&\displaystyle\text{in }\mathbb{R% }^{n}\end{aligned}\right.$

are necessarily semitrivial whenever

α
,
β
,

λ
1

,

λ
2

>
0

${\alpha,\hskip 0.5pt\beta,\hskip 0.5pt\lambda_{1},\hskip 0.5pt\lambda_{2}>0}$

and

0
<
s
<

max
⁡

{

α
/

λ
1

,

β
/

λ
2

}

${0<s<\max\{\alpha/\lambda_{1},\hskip 0.5pt\beta/\lambda_{2}\}}$

except for the symmetric case

λ
1

=

λ
2

${\lambda_{1}=\lambda_{2}}$

,

α
=
β

${\alpha=\beta}$

. Moreover, it is shown that for most parameter samples

α
,
β
,

λ
1

,

λ
2

${\alpha,\beta,\lambda_{1},\lambda_{2}}$

, there are infinitely many branches containing seminodal solutions which bifurcate from a semitrivial solution curve parametrized by s.
Preserving Identity or Promoting Safety? The Issue of Mercury in Siddha Medicine: A Brake on the Crossing of Frontiers
Authors: Sébastia Brigitte
Published: December 2015

Since the publication of a sanitary alert on the toxicity of ayurvedic products by Robert B. Saper and colleagues in the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) in 2004, the image of ayurveda as a safe alternative or complement to biomedicine has sharply deteriorated in North America and Europe. In reaction, some western countries have forbidden the import of the herbal products denounced by Saper and colleagues’ warning, and the Government of India has taken measures to implement its rules on their production to ensure the full safety of the products intended for both export and national markets. This seriously hinders the export of siddha remedies as they may contain metals, mercury being one of their iconic ingredients. It has also created problems for their production, as the companies that manufacture siddha products are, in general, less developed than their ayurvedic counterparts. I will discuss this event and its impact on regulations in Europe, the United States and Canada and in India in the first part of this chapter. In the second part, I will explore the ideological and spiritual position of siddha medicine and its relation to iatrochemistry in order to comprehend why it has the reputation of a metal- and mineral-based medicine, and in particular, a mercury-based medicine. The third part, based on research conducted in 2007 on private and governmental siddha firms and the traditional siddha milieu throughout Tamil Nadu, will focus on the production of siddha medicaments and their marketing, as well as on the diverse means by which they cross frontiers for consumption abroad.
Backstepping-Entwurf flachheitsbasierter Folgeregler mit robuster asymptotischer Störkompensation für parabolische PDEs
Authors: Deutscher Joachim
Published: December 2015

In diesem Beitrag wird die Backstepping-Methode erweitert, um für die flachheitsbasierte Folgeregelung von parabolischen Systemen
Zustandsrückführungen zur robusten asymptotischen Störkompensation entwerfen zu können. Das zugehörige Stabilisierungsproblem wird
dabei auf ein Eigenwertvorgabeproblem für das interne Modell und auf den davon unabhängigen klassischen Backstepping-Entwurf einer
Zustandsrückführung für das parabolische System zurückgeführt. Bei Auftreten von nichtdestabilisierender Modellunbestimmtheit erfolgt
für die asymptotische Störkompensation der Robustheitsnachweis. Der vorgeschlagene Folgereglerentwurf wird für ein parabolisches
Beispielsystem mit Modellunbestimmtheit veranschaulicht.
The impact of ionic strength on the molecular weight distribution (MWD) of lignin dissolved during softwood kraft cooking in a flow-through reactor
Authors: Dang Binh T.T. , Brelid Harald , Theliander Hans
Published: December 2015

The molecular weight distribution (MWD) of dissolved lignin as a function of time during kraft cooking of Scots pine (Pinus silvestris L) has been investigated, while the influence of sodium ion concentration ([Na+]) on the MWD was in focus. The kraft cooking was performed in a small scale flow-through reactor and the [Na+] was controlled by the addition of either Na2CO3 or NaCl. Fractions of black liquors (BL) were collected at different cooking times and the lignin was separated from the BL by acidification. The MWD of the dissolved lignin was analyzed by GPC. Results show that the weight average molecular weight (Mw) of dissolved lignin increases gradually as function of cooking time. An increase of [Na+] in the cooking liquor leads to Mw decrement. Findings from cooks with constant and varying [Na+] imply that the retarding effect of an increased [Na+] on delignification is related to the decrease in lignin solubility at higher [Na+].
Game Performance Evaluation in Male Goalball Players
Authors: Molik Bartosz , Morgulec-Adamowicz Natalia , Kosmol Andrzej , Perkowski Krzysztof , Bednarczuk Grzegorz , Skowroński Waldemar , Gomez Miguel Angel , Koc Krzysztof , Rutkowska Izabela , Szyman Robert J
Published: December 2015

Goalball is a Paralympic sport exclusively for athletes who are visually impaired and blind. The aims of this study were twofold: to describe game performance of elite male goalball players based upon the degree of visual impairment, and to determine if game performance was related to anthropometric characteristics of elite male goalball players. The study sample consisted of 44 male goalball athletes. A total of 38 games were recorded during the Summer Paralympic Games in London 2012. Observations were reported using the Game Efficiency Sheet for Goalball. Additional anthropometric measurements included body mass (kg), body height (cm), the arm span (cm) and length of the body in the defensive position (cm). The results differentiating both groups showed that the players with total blindness obtained higher means than the players with visual impairment for game indicators such as the sum of defense (p = 0.03) and the sum of good defense (p = 0.04). The players with visual impairment obtained higher results than those with total blindness for attack efficiency (p = 0.04), the sum of penalty defenses (p = 0.01), and fouls (p = 0.01). The study showed that athletes with blindness demonstrated higher game performance in defence. However, athletes with visual impairment presented higher efficiency in offensive actions. The analyses confirmed that body mass, body height, the arm span and length of the body in the defensive position did not differentiate players’ performance at the elite level.
Visual Impairment does not Limit Training Effects in Development of Aerobic and Anaerobic Capacity in Tandem Cyclists
Authors: Malwina Kamelska Anna , Krzysztof Mazurek , Piotr Zmijewski
Published: December 2015

The study aimed to investigate the differences in the effects of 7-month training on aerobic and anaerobic capacity in tandem cycling athletes with and without visual impairment. In this study, Polish elite (n=13) and sub-elite (n=13) visually impaired (VI) (n=13; 40.8 ±12.8 years) and properly sighted (PS) (n=13; 36.7 ±12.2 years) tandem-cycling athletes participated voluntarily in 7-month routine training. The following pre-/post-training measurements were conducted on separate days: maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) was estimated with age correction using the Physical Working Capacity test on a bicycle ergometer according to the Astrand-Ryhming method. Maximal power output (Pmax) was evaluated using the Quebec test on a bicycle ergometer. At baseline, VO2max (47.8 ±14.1 vs 42.0 ±8.3 ml/kg/min, respectively) and Pmax (11.5 ±1.5 vs 11.5 ±1.0 W/kg) did not differ significantly between PS and VI cyclists. However, differences in aerobic capacity were considered as clinically significant. Two-way ANOVA revealed that after 7 month training, there were statistically significant increases in VO2max (p=0.003) and Pmax (p=0.009) among VI (VO2max, +9.1%; Pmax, +6.3%) and PS (VO2max, +9.1%; Pmax, +11.7%) cyclists, however, no time x visual impairment interaction effect was found (VO2max, p=0.467; Pmax, p=0.364). After training, VO2max (p=0.03), but not Pmax (p=0.13), was significantly greater in elite compared to sub-elite tandem cyclists. VI and PS tandem cyclists showed similar rates of improvement in VO2max and Pmax after 7-month training. VO2max was a significant determinant of success in tandem cycling. This is one of the first studies providing reference values for aerobic and anaerobic capacity in visually impaired cyclists.
Balance Functional Assessment in People with Visual Impairment
Authors: Rutkowska Izabela , Bednarczuk Grzegorz , Molik Bartosz , Morgulec-Adamowicz Natalia , Marszałek Jolanta , Kaźmierska-Kowalewska Kalina , Koc Krzysztof
Published: December 2015

The aims of this study were twofold: to assess the level of balance of people with visual impairment against the BOT-2 standard scores for the able-bodied, and to identify in which trials subjects had the greatest difficulties in maintaining balance with respect to the degree of vision loss and age categories. One hundred twenty-seven subjects with visual impairment aged 6-16 years, participated in the study (68 girls and 59 boys). The division for partially sighted people (61) and the blind (66) was made according to the WHO classification. Functional balance assessment was made using a balance subtest from the Bruininks-Oseretsky test. Significant relationships were noticed between age and the level of balance (χ2 = 8.35 p <0,05), as well as between the degree of vision loss and the level of balance (χ2 = 24.53 p <0,001). The level of balance of almost all blind subjects was below (20%) or well-below (60%) the average for the able-bodied. The subjects’ ability to maintain balance was not dependent on gender and was associated primarily with the degree of visual impairment and age. Partially sighted people had better balance than the blind and the decrease in visual acuity resulted in reduction of balance skills. The lowest level of balance was observed in blind students aged 7-11 years. Elaborating physical fitness improvement programs for children and adolescents with visual impairment, diversity of age, the degree of vision loss and limitations of ablility to maintain balance should be taken into account.
Evaluation of Lipid Metabolism and Nutritional Status in Male Goalball Players
Authors: Gawlik Krystyna , Zwierzchowska Anna , Rosołek Barbara
Published: December 2015

Lipid disorders, obesity and overweight are considered one of the most important modifiable cardiovascular risk factors. Population surveys carried out in Poland have demonstrated a tendency for lipid disorders to occur in 70% and overweight and obesity in more than half of Poles. No such studies have been conducted in groups of people with vision impairment so far. Yet, regular involvement of visually impaired people in sports is likely to reduce cardiovascular risk. Therefore, the authors attempted to evaluate the lipid profile and nutritional status of male goalball players. Thirty two blind or visually impaired male goalball players aged 20 to 45 years participated in the study during which somatic variables (BH, BM, WC, VFR, BMI) and the lipid profile (TC, LDL, HDL, TG) were evaluated. Overweight was found in 40.6% of athletes, with obesity being at the level of 9.3%. A high correlation was found between visceral fat and the BMI (r=0.7; p<0.001), as well as between visceral fat and WC (r=0.8; p<0.001). Abnormal total cholesterol levels were recorded for LDL (22% of study participants), HDL (17%) and triglycerides (13%). Lower levels of individual components of lipid profiles (and higher levels for HDL) were found in athletes with a normal BMI. A correlation was found between the BMI and TG (r=0.4, p<0.01), WC and TG (r=0.4, p<0.01), VFR and LDL (r=0.4, p<0.05) and TG (r=0.5, p<0.001). The percentage of overweight and obese subjects with vision impairment was lower compared to the general population of men in Poland, with a more beneficial lipid profile. Regular physical activity of the study participants is likely to have a positive effect on their health.
Detection Of Cracks In Composite Materials Using Hybrid Non-Destructive Testing Method Based On Vibro-Thermography And Time-Frequency Analysis Of Ultrasonic Excitation Signal
Authors: Prokopowicz Wojciech
Published: December 2015

The theme of the publication is to determine the possibility of diagnosing damage in composite materials using vibrio-thermography and frequency analysis and time-frequency of excitation signal. In order to verify the proposed method experiments were performed on a sample of the composite made in the technology of pressing prepregs. Analysis of the recorded signals and the thermograms were performed in MatLab environment. Hybrid non-destructive testing method based on thermogram and appropriate signal processing algorithm clearly showed damage in the sample composite material.
Selected Problems Of Noninvasive Ooze Dredging In The Protected Areas Of Port Docks
Authors: Abramowicz-Gerigk Teresa , Burciu Zbigniew , Stefurak Wiktor
Published: December 2015

The paper presents the analysis of the ooze dredging concepts in the protected areas of harbour docks. The proposed method and system for ooze dredging are dedicated to all types of seabed protection, but the main concern are the geotextile mattresses, not resistant to mechanical damages. Due to the large seabed areas covered with this type of protection the effective method of noninvasive ooze dredging should be based on the use of a technical vessel for underwater works. The result of the analysis is the concept of the method and system for ooze dredging including in particular the mechanism for the automatic holding of the suction-dredge head in the proper distance from the seabed protection surface - the leading wheel truck and buoyancy-ballast system.
Analysis Of Traffic Conditions Based On The Percentage Of Drivers Using The Instructions Displayed On VMS Boards
Authors: Leszek Smolarek , Monika Ziemska
Published: December 2015

The theme of the publication is to show the influence of human factor on traffic conditions during the traffic incident. The publication also depicts the functionality of the model at which the simulation was performed. The model was constructed in the VISSIM and VISUM software also using Visual Basic for Applications – Excel, [8,9]. By coordinating programs VBA and VISSIM was automated turned on or off the incident as well as turned on or off the VMS with information about the proposed of the alternative route. The additional differentiation of the percentage of drivers using the information displayed enabled to compare the data with identical external conditions influencing at traffic. For statistical analysis of data was used statistical program Statgraphics Centurion which made possible to build a model describing the impact of the behavior of drivers on traffic conditions. It is an innovative approach to modeling the impact on traffic conditions accepted by drivers information transmitted on the boards.