bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cardiovascular wellness in low-resource settings: A mobile app-based risk prediction study among fuel filling station employees in Puducherry district
Authors: Ramadass Divyabharathy , Vasudevan Jyothi , Dsouza Madonna J. , Subramanian Baalaji
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

India is witnessing a significant increase in the prevalence of non-communicable diseases (NCDs), and addressing this requires a comprehensive and multi-faceted approach. The burden of NCDs puts a strain on the healthcare system, requiring an increased focus on preventive measures, early detection, and management of chronic conditions. Adopting a risk-based approach to cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) in resource-poor settings offers several economic and social advantages.

Aims and Objectives:

The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of CVD risk factors among fuel filling station employees in the Puducherry district and the 10-year CVD risk prediction score among the study participants with the World Health Organisation package of essential non-communicable (WHO PEN) app and package for resource-poor settings.

Methods:

A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among the fuel filling station employees in Puducherry. A universal sampling method was employed. The data were collected using a pilot-tested, predesigned, structured questionnaire and the WHO PEN app was used to estimate the CVD risk score. The data were collected from February 2021 to January 2022 and analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20. Frequency distribution along with the Chi-square test was employed to test statistical significance.

Results:

Out of 212 subjects, 170 (80.2%) were males, out of which 116 (54.7%) were between 40 and 50 years old. Nearly half the participants (48%) had CVD risk scores ranging from 5 to 20%, with an increased prevalence of CVD risk factors, namely, obesity/overweight (65.5%), physical inactivity (58.5%), hypertension (52%), alcohol consumption (51%) and tobacco consumption in any form (25.5%).

Conclusions:

This study sheds light on the sedentary nature of the occupation and the increased prevalence of CVD risk factors among the study participants. It is also evident that the participants had higher CVD risk scores for developing CVDs in the future. Recommendations: The use of mobile-based apps can be used as a feasible strategy to save scarce resources in delivering primary health care. We also propose that the nature of occupation be taken into account as one of the parameters for risk prediction. Risk prediction assessment should be made mandatory during the annual examination of employees.
Comparative efficacy and safety of co-amoxiclav, cefpodoxime proxetil, and levofloxacin in patients with acute uncomplicated bacterial tonsillitis: A prospective, open-label, parallel group study
Authors: Xaviar Suja , Girish K. , Jagannath B. , Das Saibal , Joseph Probin
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

No clinical trials have compared the efficacy and safety of beta-lactam antibiotics and fluoroquinolones in acute uncomplicated bacterial tonsillitis. This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of co-amoxiclav (amoxicillin/clavulanic acid), cefpodoxime proxetil, and levofloxacin monotherapy in patients with acute uncomplicated bacterial tonsillitis.

Methods:

This was a prospective, open-label, parallel-group study where 90 patients with acute uncomplicated bacterial tonsillitis were equally divided into three groups to receive either tablet co-amoxiclav 625 mg thrice daily, tablet cefpodoxime proxetil 200 mg twice daily, or tablet levofloxacin 500 mg once daily for five days. The efficacy was assessed by subjective clinical improvement and objective bacteriological cure at the end of treatment. Safety was assessed by monitoring adverse events during the study period.

Results:

Co-amoxiclav, cefpodoxime proxetil, and levofloxacin showed comparable clinical responses on days three and seven; however, on day five, levofloxacin showed a significantly reduced cure rate, but a higher improvement rate, than co-amoxiclav and cefpodoxime proxetil. Bacteriologically, the responses were similar in all three groups at week 1. All drugs were well tolerated with a few self-limiting adverse effects.

Conclusions:

Co-amoxiclav, cefpodoxime proxetil, and levofloxacin showed a comparable clinical and bacteriological cure in acute uncomplicated bacterial tonsillitis and showed a good safety profile.
HIV status of three mining districts of a tribal state in India: Evidence from ICTC data
Authors: Sinha Ratnesh , Raj Rozy , Ranjan Jai , Rana Sumegha , Sharma Rachna , Jha Ravi Ranjan , Kumar Dewesh , Ojha Umesh Kumar , Rana Rishabh Kumar
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

Integrated Counselling and Testing Centre (ICTC) diagnose HIV and STIs early, modifies behavior, reduces vulnerability, and data helps in understanding transmission. Despite having low HIV prevalence, Jharkhand is vulnerable. Post Covid19, HIV has increased. This study examined the prevalence of HIV at ICTC facilities in three mine rich districts of Jharkhand and HIV prevalence as per age, geography, regional, and consequences were examined.

Methods:

Secondary data analysis was done for 2019–2022 accessible data of ICTC. Totally, 51,062 individual data were examined. Data analysis comprised parametricity testing while data was entered on Excel spreadsheet. Data were summarized using central tendency assessments and Chi-square tests. Logistic regression assessed HIV-positive outcomes and independent variables. P-value < 0.05 was statistically significant. SPSS 29.0 was used for data analysis.

Results:

Over three years, we recorded 51,508 occurrences, 69% of which were female (35241). Both male and female participants had mean ages of 35.93 ± 14.92 and 27.89 ± 10.67 years, respectively. We found 1.19% HIV prevalence (504/42818) in the ICTC test data. The odds ratio (OR) for HIV positivity was greater in males (3.49, 95% CI: 2.92-4.18) compared to females. HIV prevalence in District Giridih was 4.2% (3.42%-5.26%) with a high risk of HIV positivity (OR 4.24, 95% CI 3.42-5.26). A drop in HIV testing occurred during the COVID-19 lockdown.

Conclusions:

Since females are flooding ICTC, more targeted interventions, especially for younger women, are needed. Despite their lower numbers, men are at higher risk for HIV.
Effects of pandemic on families, parenting stress, and emotional well-being of children in villages under Mugalur Subcentre, Sarjapur PHC, Bengaluru
Authors: Surendran Soumya , Shanbhag Deepthi N , Sebastian Loana Mariyam , Mathews Ben , Harry Joel , Rachel V , Ranjitha GS
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

The COVID-19 pandemic has not only affected the health status of the population but has also had a serious impact on family dynamics, especially in the relationship between parents and children. Home confinement along with the closures of schools has had a strong negative impact on the psychosocial wellbeing of children. This study assesses the effects of the pandemic on families, parenting stress, and emotional well-being of children in villages under Mugalur Sub-centre, Sarjapur PHC, Bengaluru.

Materials and Methods:

A cross-sectional study was undertaken from January 2022 to April 2022 among parents having children in the age group of 4 to 10 years residing in villages under Mugalur Sub-center, Sarjapur PHC, Bengaluru District. The proportional allocation sampling method was followed to collect data from 210 participants using the effects of questionnaire, parent stress scale, and strength and difficulties questionnaire- parent version.

Results:

Among 210 study participants, 105 (50%) were found to have moderate to high stress due to the pandemic. Parenting stress was found to be high in 40 (20%) parents and moderate in 63 (30%) parents. Assessment of the emotional well-being of children showed that 24 (11.5%) children have clinically significant problems. Significant associations were found between the effect of, parental stress and high parental stress correlated with low emotional well-being of children.

Conclusion:

This study emphasizes the urgent need for targeted mental health support for families, particularly during crises such as the pandemic. Interventions aimed at reducing parental stress and promoting children’s emotional well-being are crucial for mitigating adverse effects and ensuring the long-term well-being of families and communities.
Does early heart rate detection and continuous monitoring have an impact on neonatal resuscitation in newborns with intact cord? – An observational study
Authors: Choudhary Sushil , Singh Arun , Pandey Anurag , Gupta Neeraj , Kumar Anil , Kabisatpathy Swasthi
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Context:

Heart rate (HR) is the most vital parameter to assess hemodynamic transition at birth. ECG is considered a gold standard for HR assessment. New devices with dry electrodes are easy to apply on a wet newborn. However, the utilization of newer technology that captures fast and reliable HR, and its impact on neonate resuscitation are yet to be explored, especially in newborns with intact cords.

Aims:

to detect HR early by dry electrode devices and its impact on neonatal resuscitation.

Settings and Design:

This is an observational study conducted at a tertiary care hospital in India.

Methods and Material:

A portable pulse oximeter, conventional ECG with modified 3 electrodes, and dry electrodes ECG (Neo Beat) were applied to capture HR ECG and Sp02. First reliable HR and outcomes of neonates were compared.

Statistical Analysis Used:

Median (IQR) was calculated for quantitative data. These were conducted using an updated version of IBM SPSS Statistics 22 software.

Results:

Out of 329 newborns, 24 newborns had their first documented HR of less than 100 bpm, out of which 14 (58%) initiated respiration with initial steps and the rest 10 required resuscitation (42%) in the form of positive pressure ventilation. Among newborns with a first HR of more than 100 bpm, 8 newborns (2.6%) required resuscitation. The median duration to capture the first reliable HR using dry electrodes was 15 sec (IQR 12.7–20 sec), which was much faster than the time required by conventional ECG (37 sec) and pulse oximetry (80 sec).

Conclusions:

First reliable HR can effectively predict the need for neonatal resuscitation. Dry electrode ECG can effectively capture continuous and reliable HR. HR trends can further assist in predicting the need for neonatal resuscitation and the efficacy of neonatal resuscitation.
Mental health for the indigenous population in Chhattisgarh, India: Navigating challenges and crafting solutions
Authors: Thakur Monika , Bhardwaj Namrata , Suchandra Hari Hara , Kumar R Arun , Pushpa K , Harshitha Nisha R. , Satish Suhas , Jain Sumi , Govindan Radhakrishnan , Manjunatha Narayana , Kumar Channaveerachari Naveen , Math Suresh Bada
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

The ST population, residing in isolated, underdeveloped areas, faces significant health disparities compared to non-tribal communities. In particular, the lack of mental health infrastructure in these regions exacerbates their health challenges. Tribal communities possess distinct cultural beliefs surrounding health and illness, yet scant information exists regarding their physical and mental well-being. In addition, limited access to mental health services prevails, and many tribal individuals opt for traditional healing methods.

Methodology:

This study is part of the “Tele-mentoring for Rural Health Organizers of Chhattisgarh (TORENT)” project, which aims to equip rural health organizers and community health officers (CHOs) with training to screen, identify, counsel, refer, and follow up with community members facing mental health issues.

Results:

Covering 27 districts in Chhattisgarh, this study enlisted trained CHOs to employ the MERIT tool for mental health screenings. Among the tribal population, the study unveiled elevated rates of tobacco and alcohol use, anxiety, depression, hallucinations, and substance use disorders. Challenges in seeking professional help were widespread, driven by transportation difficulties and limited awareness. Field visits (77%) played a pivotal role in identifying cases, alongside self-referrals and referrals by Mitanin or ASHA workers. Notably, a significant proportion had a family history of alcohol use, with a preference for a locally brewed liquor called Mahua.

Discussion:

This study provides vital insights into the mental health status of Chhattisgarh’s tribal populations. It underscores their socioeconomic challenges, high prevalence of substance use disorders, and barriers to accessing mental health services. The study highlights the importance of delivering mental health care within tribal communities, emphasizing the engagement of locally available primary care health workers. Furthermore, it advocates for an integrated approach that acknowledges the role of faith healers in tribal communities’ mental health care.
Evaluation of antibiotic consumption using WHO -antimicrobial consumption tool and AWaRe classification
Authors: Birdie Wahlang Julie , Syiem Reuben P. , Sarkar Chayna , Lyngdoh Nari M. , Tiewsoh Iadarilang , Brahma Dhriti K. , Surong Aitilutmon , Langstieh Arky J
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Antimicrobial resistance is a public health concern with global ramifications. Antibiotic misuse and overuse, are rampant in our country but more alarming is the data on the use of antibiotics primarily because of lack of access is another threat. A majority of the data on drug sales and consumption in India comes from the private sector and is typically gathered from private commercial organization. Because data on antibiotic usage in India is rarely reported, the study’s objectives were to estimate antibiotic consumption in ICU patients and also to assess antibiotic usage trends using the WHO AWaRE classification.

Materials and Methods:

A prospective observational study was carried out in the ICU department for six months after obtaining institutional ethics committee approval (P14/2021/14). In-patient records and details on antibiotic prescriptions were collected from the day of admission until they were discharged from the intensive care unit. Data on antibiotic consumption were retrieved from the hospital pharmacy. Descriptive statistics such as frequency, percentages, and means were used to summarize the data. Microsoft Excel 2016 was used for all statistical analyses.

Results:

The results of the study showed that female patients (54%), made up a significant majority of those receiving antimicrobial treatment. The age group between 40–49 years (21.68%) was the most common for those receiving antimicrobial treatment. Surgical prophylaxis (37.34%) emerged as the most common indication. Among the different antimicrobials studied, ceftriaxone 1 gm (108.5 DDD) emerged as the most prescribed antimicrobial. The access group of antibiotics accounted for 55% of the total usage.

Conclusion:

Appropriate use of antibiotics is important to minimize the risk of adverse events and antimicrobial resistance.
How depression impacts on road traffic accidents among older adults and elderly Indians: Evidence from large scale nationally representative survey
Authors: Halder Pritam , Joshua Immanuel , Saha Sayan , Kolachala Abhinav C. S. , Gupta Risha , Mamgai Anshul , Kaur Sukhmeen , Chattopadhyay Ankita , Pal Saumyarup , Bisoi Sayani , Rathor Shivani
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

With increased urbanization the prevalence of important public health problems like road traffic accidents (RTA) and depression are surging. This study was aimed to determine the association between RTA and depression among Indian population aged ≥45 years.

Methods:

Using Longitudinal Aging Study in India (LASI) dataset (April 2017–December 2018), we have conducted this study among older adults (45–59 years) and elderly (≥60 years) Indians. Bivariate analysis was conducted to estimate the prevalence of RTA and depression nationally and across aspirants, achievers, and front runner states. Multivariable logistic regression was conducted between RTA and depression, adjusted with demographic and socioeconomic; health related and behavioral factors. P value <0.05 was considered as statistically significant.

Results:

Prevalence of RTA was 1.84 (1.74-1.94)% nationally, highest among achiever states (2.04 (1.82–2.30)%). Prevalence of depression was 6.08 (5.90–6.26)% nationally, highest among aspirant states (7.02 (6.74–7.30)%). The adjusted odds of having accident was significantly 1.75 times higher among depressed (aOR 1.75, 95% CI 1.44–2.13) than non-depressed participants which was highest across front runners (aOR 1.86, 95%CI 1.26–2.72) followed by aspirant states (aOR 1.79, 95%CI 1.37–2.33).

Conclusion:

This study established the association between depression and road traffic accidents among older adults and elderly. Therefore, efforts must be taken to address mental health issues specially focusing on depression in them with proper policy implication more focused on front runners followed by aspirant states.
The Effect of Low-Level Laser Therapy on Accelerating Tooth Movement in Orthodontic Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Alam Mohammad K. , Hajeer Mohammad Y. , Alanazi Dalia A. , Alanazi Shahad A. , Alruwaili Haya O.
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

An adjuvant treatment, known as low-level laser therapy (LLLT), has been suggested to quicken orthodontic tooth movement and perhaps shorten the course of treatment.

Materials and Methods:

For 60 orthodontic patients aged between 15 and 25, a randomized controlled experiment was carried out (30 males and 30 females). Two groups, Group A (LLLT group, n = 30) and Group B (control group, n = 30), were randomly allocated to the participants. For the first 8 weeks of therapy, Group A got LLLT three times a week using a diode laser with a wavelength of 808 nm and a power output of 100 mW. The laser was delivered for 30 s on each side of the target tooth. Beyond routine orthodontic care, Group B did not get any extra care. Using computerized models, the rate of tooth movement was monitored every 2 weeks for a duration of 12 weeks. The degree of tooth movement was the main result; patient-reported discomfort and gingival health were the secondary outcomes.

Results:

The group that had LLLT (Group A) demonstrated a notably elevated frequency of tooth movement in contrast to the control group (Group B). Group A’s average monthly tooth movement was 1.2 mm, whereas Group B’s average monthly movement was 0.8 mm (P < 0.01). Furthermore, throughout the early phases of therapy, patients in the LLLT group reported less discomfort, and there were no significant variations in gingival health between the two groups.

Conclusion:

With its ability to speed orthodontic tooth movement, LLLT may shorten the course of therapy. Additionally, it seems to lessen pain while starting orthodontic therapy.
The Role of GnRH Agonist Therapy and Hysterosalpingography (HSG) in Diagnosing and Treating Tubal Factor Infertility
Authors: Katre Dipti , Choudhary Namrata , Anjankar Ashish Prakash , More Aakash , Dakre Sudhanshu
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

The paper describes the treatment of a 27-year-old woman with a history of infertility, heavy menstrual periods, and severe endometriosis with bilateral hydrosalpinx. The patient received hormonal treatment with triptorelin acetate, a GnRH agonist, to treat her endometriosis and regulate her menstruation. Hysterosalpingography confirmed the presence of bilateral hydrosalpinx, thus suggesting IVF as the most suitable method to conceive. The patient went through a long protocol using GnRH agonist and 14 oocytes were retrieved from her with 10 being fertilized. To avoid ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS), all the embryos were frozen and thawed after six months of hormone replacement therapy for the preparation of the endometrium, and a single blastocyst was transferred. The patient conceived, and a subsequent β-hCG level of 256 mIU/mL proved good pregnancy status 14 days after the embryo transfer. This case demonstrates how a personalized and holistic treatment approach to the management of infertility, especially in patients with such conditions as endometriosis and hydrosalpinx, can be very fruitful.
Evaluation of the Effect of Functional Contouring of the Palatal Vault of Maxillary Complete Denture on Clarity of Speech Sounds in Edentulous Patients: An In Vivo Study
Authors: Jain Sonal , Manimegalai  , Purohit Bhavin , Amin Reshma , Arun R , Pai Deepika R
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

The articulatory system, which consists of the tongue, lips, teeth, hard palate, and soft palate, is a component of phonetics, the study of speech sounds. Speech sounds are negatively impacted by the lack of teeth and surrounding tissues in edentulous people. Phonetics has not gotten the same level of attention as denture mechanics and aesthetics, despite notable developments in these areas. The purpose of this research is to increase speech clarity in edentulous individuals by contouring the palatal vault of maxillary full dentures.

Materials and Methods:

Sixty edentulous individuals, who spoke Tamil or English well and were between the ages of 45 and 75, were chosen. Speech sounds from each individual were captured both before and after the maxillary full dentures’ palatal vault was functionally contoured using visible light cure acrylic resin. For a quantitative evaluation, spectrograms were used to examine the speech samples.

Results:

For most patients, functional contouring of the palatal vault markedly enhanced speech sound quality. The spectrogram analysis’s arbitrary results showed that most participants’ voice clarity had improved by 30% and that the time it took patients to attain clear speech after having a denture had been significantly reduced.

Conclusion:

The research comes to the conclusion that edentulous patients’ speech clarity is improved by functionally contouring the palatal vault using visible light cure acrylic resin in maxillary full dentures. By using this technique, patients are more satisfied with their dentures and the adaption time is shortened.
Investigation of the Potential of Nanoparticles as a New Drug Delivery System for Endodontic Treatment
Authors: Kader Abdul A. K. , Chandran Sandeep , Unnikrishnan K. K. Ridhun , Mannur Nikita A. , Gupta Anusar , Subramani Savadamoorthi Kamatchi
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

The application of nanoparticles in endodontic treatment presents a novel approach to drug delivery, potentially enhancing the efficacy of therapeutic agents.

Materials and Methods:

In this study, we synthesized and characterized nanoparticles of chitosan, calcium phosphate, and silver using standard protocols. The nanoparticles were then loaded with an antimicrobial agent, chlorhexidine, and incorporated into an endodontic sealer. The antibacterial efficacy of the nanoparticle-enhanced sealer was tested against Enterococcus faecalis using a disk diffusion method. Additionally, the penetration depth of nanoparticles into dentinal tubules was assessed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

Results:

The synthesized nanoparticles exhibited a uniform size distribution, with an average diameter of 50 nm for chitosan, 30 nm for calcium phosphate, and 20 nm for silver nanoparticles. The antibacterial tests showed that the nanoparticle-loaded sealer achieved a 40% greater inhibition zone against Enterococcus faecalis compared to the control sealer without nanoparticles. SEM analysis revealed that the nanoparticles penetrated dentinal tubules to a depth of approximately 500 μm, significantly more than the conventional sealer.

Conclusion:

Nanoparticles demonstrate significant potential as a drug delivery system in endodontic treatment, enhancing both the antibacterial efficacy and penetration depth of therapeutic agents.
Evaluating the Shear Bond Strength of Repaired Composites Using Different Surface Treatments and Repair Materials: An In-Vitro Comparative Study
Authors: Byxyx Prinaxy , Nagpal Ajay Kumar , Pandey Prashasti , Das Darshan , Anand Mihir , Pradhan Anupama
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Composite resin is commonly used in dental restorations, though it is prone to degradation over time. Repairing these restorations is often preferable for issues such as discoloration, small areas of decay near the restoration margin, or for preserving tooth health without the need for complete removal.

Method:

Sixty acrylic blocks with cavities were restored using FILTEK-Z-250 XT composite resin, which was then light-cured. After 300 thermal cycles, the blocks were divided into three groups: control, diamond bur-abraded, and aluminum oxide air-abraded. Each group was further subdivided into two subgroups, treated with either Ivoclar Tetric N-bond or 3M ESPE Single Bond Universal adhesive. Shear bond strengths (SBSs) were tested after applying additional composite, and the types of fractures were analyzed.

Results:

The air-abrasion group (Group III) exhibited the highest SBS values compared to the other groups. Specifically, Group IIIb (air-abrasion combined with 3M ESPE Single Bond Universal adhesive) recorded the highest SBS values overall and within its subgroup.

Conclusion:

Treating the composite material’s surface with mechanical methods, especially air-abrasion, improves its repairability.
Assessment of Marginal Fit and Accuracy of Crowns Fabricated Using CADCAM Milling and 3D Printing Technology
Authors: Kumar M.V. Sunil , Kumar Rajesh , Saini Ravindher S. , Vyas Rajesh , Bai Saraswathi , Vaddamanu Sunil K.
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

This study evaluates the accuracy of marginal and internal fits of dental crowns fabricated using CAD/CAM milling and 3D printing technologies. The hypothesis posited significant differences between these techniques, confirmed by data showing notable disparities.

Materials and Methods:

Using the silicone replica technique, 44 points on each crown were measured, with seven crowns per method to ensure reliability.

Results:

Results indicated that 3D printing demonstrated superior precision, with the smallest discrepancies in occlusal, axial, and marginal gaps. While milling faced challenges such as material wastage and potential ceramic microfractures, it remained a viable option.

Conclusion:

The findings suggest that 3D printing could significantly improve crown quality and patient outcomes, despite higher upfront costs. Further research is necessary to validate these results and explore the long-term efficacy and cost-effectiveness of these techniques. This study underscores the clinical implications of choosing appropriate crown fabrication methods, highlighting the potential of advanced CAD/CAM technologies to enhance dental prosthetic manufacturing.
Anatomical Relationship between Root Apices of Maxillary First Molars and Maxillary Sinus Floor Using Computed Tomography
Authors: Ismail Muhammad Ridwan Yeop , Rahman W. I. Wan Ab , Anuar A.
Published: December 2024

Background:

The posterior maxillary teeth roots are anatomically located close to the maxillary sinus floor. Due to this, one might develop complications while undergoing certain oral surgical procedures involving maxillary posterior teeth. The occurrence of oroantral communication following tooth extraction has been reported in maxillary first molars as it erupts first and is frequently extracted at an early age.

Aims:

This study aims to assess the relationship between the root apices of the maxillary first molar and the maxillary sinus floor and to measure the distance between these anatomical structures using existing computerized tomography (CT) imaging.

Materials and Methods:

In this retrospective anatomical study, existing CT images of 75 patients with normally erupted bilateral maxillary first molars were analyzed. The vertical relationship between the maxillary first molar and maxillary sinus floor was classified into three types, namely Type 1 (root apices located below the maxillary sinus floor), Type 2 (root apices in contact with the maxillary sinus floor), and Type 3 (root apices inside or penetrate the maxillary sinus floor). The distances between the maxillary sinus floor and root apices were measured and analyzed to determine the closest root to the maxillary sinus.

Results:

Type 2 relationships were most frequently seen (n = 335, 74.44%), followed by Type 1 (n = 85, 18.89%) and Type 3 (n = 30, 6.67%). Type 3 was commonly observed in the palatal root of the maxillary first molar.

Conclusion:

A close relationship between the maxillary sinus floor and maxillary first molars is commonly seen with the palatal roots. Type 2 relationship was the most frequently seen. Clinicians must be aware of the proximity of the root apex of maxillary first molars and the associated complications due to this.
Breaking boundaries: A new era in glycemic assessment for type 2 diabetes patients
Authors: Das Subham , Meher Dayanidhi , Patra Sourav
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND:

Glycemic control is essential in managing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) to reduce the risk of complications, including diabetic nephropathy. Traditionally, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) has been the gold standard for assessing long-term glycemic control. However, glycated albumin (GA) has emerged as a potential alternative due to its shorter lifespan and reduced sensitivity to erythrocyte lifespan changes.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:

This study aimed to compare the efficacy of GA and HbA1c in evaluating glycemic control in stable T2DM patients, particularly regarding its implications for diabetic nephropathy and associated complications.

METHODOLOGY:

A comparative analysis was conducted between GA and HbA1c levels in a cohort of stable T2DM patients. The primary focus was on assessing the reliability and clinical applicability of GA as a marker for glycemic control, especially in cases where HbA1c might provide misleading results.

RESULTS:

The study findings indicated that GA could offer a valuable alternative for glycemic monitoring, especially in clinical scenarios where HbA1c might not accurately reflect glycemic status due to erythrocyte lifespan variations. The use of GA could enhance the precision of glycemic control assessment, thus potentially improving patient care.

CONCLUSION:

The results underscore the importance of incorporating GA in clinical practice as an adjunct to HbA1c, particularly in situations where HbA1c may be unreliable. GA provides a promising alternative for better management of glycemic control in T2DM patients, potentially impacting the management and progression of diabetic nephropathy.
Асимптотика решений дискретного уравнения Пенлеве I
Authors: Aptekarev Alexander Ivanovich , Novokshenov Victor Yur'evich
Published: December 2024

Построены классы асимптотических решений дискретного уравнения Пенлеве первого типа
(dPI) для больших значений независимой переменной. Изучен частный случай квазиклассической асимптотики, когда один из коэффициентов dPI столь же велик, что и независимая переменная. Найдена оценка момента перехода, когда положительное решение становится отрицательным. Эта квазиклассическая асимптотика порождает особенности в моделях лапласовского роста и в распределениях собственных значений ансамблей нормальных матриц.
Библиография: 17 названий.
Stress-Rupture Properties of Castings
Authors:   AMS F Corrosion and Heat Resistant Alloys Committee
Published: December 2024

This specification establishes a procedure for designating minimum stress-rupture property requirements of castings by means of this AMS number and a series of dash numbers.
Performance Specification, Anti-Seize Thread Compound, High Temperature - 'Graphite+Aluminum’ Only
Authors:   AMS M Aerospace Greases Committee
Published: December 2024

The foundation specification (AMS3050) and this category specification (AMS3050/8) cover anti-seize greases conforming to the requirements but using the anti-seize ingredient Graphite+Aluminum only.
Aluminum Alloy, Plate (7160-T7451), 7.0Zn - 2.2Cu - 1.5Mg - 0.10Zr, Solution Heat Treated, Stress Relieved, and Overaged
Authors:   AMS D Nonferrous Alloys Committee
Published: December 2024

This specification covers an aluminum alloy in the form of plate 1.000 to 6.000 inch (25.40 to 152.40 mm), inclusive, in nominal thickness (see 8.5).
Induced geoelectric field: influence of polarization in coast effect and proximity effect
Authors: Lucca Giovanni
Published: December 2024

During a magnetic storm, the induced geoelectric field drives induced currents that couple with artificial metallic networks such as power lines, pipelines, telecommunication cables and railway lines with the consequent risk, in case of strong events, of possible blackouts, damages and impairments of those systems. It is known that magnetic storms are global phenomena and their effects in specific regions with specific ground conductivity may be different; in particular, when a magnetic storm involves regions composed of two adjacent media characterized by very large difference of conductivity between them (e. g. sea and land) the induced geoelectric field is largely influenced by this conductivity contrast and depends, primarily, on its orientation with respect to the discontinuity line. By representing the source as an incident plane wave normally directed with respect to the air-land/sea interface, two kinds of polarizations are usually considered in literature: H/E polarization i.e. with the incident magnetic/electric field parallel to the discontinuity. In this paper, we wish to study a more general case i.e. when the source is characterized by an electric field forming a generic angle with the discontinuity line so that the resulting field is a combination of both H and E polarizations; to do this, and by adopting a 2D approach based on the generalized thin sheet model, the paper combines, published formulas for H polarization while new approximated analytic formulas for E polarization are derived. Moreover, we express the induced geoelectric field as a function of a generic direction which represents the layout orientation of a potentially affected plant (power line, pipeline…); this is important, because that is the first step necessary to evaluate the level of geomagnetically induced currents (GIC) in the plant itself. In conclusion, the novelty of this approach is that the resulting induced geoelectric field on the Earth’s surface can be expressed using only analytical formulas; a further advantage of the proposed approach to the problem is that it is quite simple and particularly suitable for the evaluation of GIC in terrestrial conductor networks.
Obchody XXX-lecia PRL w Ośrodku Szkolenia Służby Więziennej w Szczypiornie w dniach 6-7 lipca 1974 r.
Authors: Małyszko Kamil
Published: December 2024

Celem niniejszego artykułu jest przedstawienie zagadnień związanych z obchodami XXX-lecia PRL w Ośrodku Szkolenia Służby Więziennej w Szczypiornie. W pierwszej części artykułu autor dokonał charakterystyki jednego z najważniejszych świąt państwowych w PRL, tzw. „urodzin systemu”, czyli Narodowego Święta Odrodzenia Polski. W dalszej części niniejszej pracy przedstawiony został szczegółowy przebieg obchodów związanych z XXX-leciem PRL, które odbyły się 6 oraz 7 lipca 1974 r. w Ośrodku Szkolenia Służby Więziennej w Szczypiornie.

Celebration of the 30th Anniversary of the Prl at the Prison Service Training Center in Szczypiorno on 6-7 July 1974:
The purpose of this article is to present issues related to the celebration of the 30th anniversary of the PRL at the Prison Service Training Center in Szczypiorno. In the first part of the article, the author characterized one of the most important public holidays in the PRL, called „birthday of the system”, that is the National Day of Poland’s Revival. In the further part of this work, was presented a detailed course of celebrations related to the 30th anniversary of the PRL, which took place on July 6 and 7, 1974 at the Prison Service Training Center in Szczypiorno.
Kandydaci Platformy Obywatelskiej RP oraz Prawa i Sprawiedliwości na prezydentów miast w Kaliszu i Koninie. „Lokomotywy wyborcze” czy beneficjenci partyjnego szyldu?
Authors: Stelmach Andrzej , Chrobak Piotr
Published: December 2024

Artykuł dotyczy kandydatów na prezydentów miast w wyborach z lat 2002-2018 w Wielkopolsce Wschodniej. Celem artykułu jest przeanalizowanie, którzy z pretendentów spełnili rolę tzw. lokomotyw wyborczych w wyborach do rad miast, a którzy swój wynik zawdzięczają szyldowi komitetu/partii, z którego startowali. Analizie poddano dwie największe i najpopularniejsze w skali kraju partie: Platformę Obywatelską RP oraz Prawo i Sprawiedliwość. W artykule wykorzystano metodę analizy porównawczej.
Przeanalizowano, czy większym poparciem wśród wyborców cieszył się kandydat na prezydenta, czy łącznie więcej głosów otrzymywali kandydaci z danego komitetu do rady miasta? Ilu z nich zdobyło stanowisko prezydenta? Czy kandydaci na prezydenta rywalizowali także o mandat w radzie miasta oraz czy odnieśli sukces i jaki mieli udział w zdobytych głosach przez daną listę? Pozwoliło to sprawdzić, czy decyzje władz Platformy oraz PiS, co do wyboru kandydata na prezydenta, były korzystne dla partii.

Mayoral Candidates of the Civic Platform and the Law and Justice in the Cities of Kalisz and Konin. „Electoral Drivers" or Beneficiaries of the Party Banner?:
The article discusses candidates running for city mayors in the 2002-2018 elections in the eastern part of Greater Poland. It analyses which of the candidates can be referred to as “electoral locomotives” in the local elections and which of them owe their results to their electoral committee or party. The analysis focuses on the two largest and most popular parties in the country: Civic Platform and Law and Justice. The narrative is based on the comparative analysis method.
The article attempts to answer the following questions: Was major support among voters won by individual candidates or candidates representing a specific committee? How many of these candidates were elected? Did mayoral candidates also run for city council? Were they successful? How many votes did they win and what was the vote breakdown by candidate lists? The answers enabled to determine whether candidatures put forward by the Civic Platform and Law and Justice proved to be in the parties’ favour.
Sustainable Fabric Manufacturing: The Crochet Experience
Authors:   Department of Fine and Applied Arts, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria, Okeke Ngozi Kesiah
Published: December 2024

When it comes to the sustainability of fabrics, the materials used in textile production are frequently given more consideration than the manufacturing procedures. But a fabric's sustainability is also determined by its production techniques. One of the sectors of the global economy that has been shown to have the greatest environmental damage is the textile manufacturing sector. As a result, fabrics produced using techniques that leaves little or no negative impacts to the environment are said to be sustainable or eco-friendly. The study’s aim is to promote environmental friendly method of fabric production through the crochet technique and to encourage its exploration in Nigeria. The aim was accomplished by focusing on crochet technique as a sustainable fabric manufacturing technique. The study highlighted ways crochet techniques agrees with sustainability as against the conventional methods of manufacturing fabric. Samples of successful sustainable fabric and other materials produced using the crochet technique were showcased. The economic feasibility and market potentials of sustainable crocheted fabrics were also examined. The study adopted mixture of exploratory and descriptive research methods. In conclusion the study advocated for the acquiring of crochet skill by local textile manufacturers as a way to minimize the negative impact of the production processes of conventional fabric on the environment and also a means of creating jobs for the unemployed youths in Nigeria.
Una mirada a la espiritualidad desde el s. XIV: Ibn Ḫaldūn y su visión del sufismo de Ibn al-Haṭīb
Authors: López Anguita Gracia
Published: December 2024

Ibn Ḫaldūn dedica parte del libro sexto de su Muqaddima al sufismo además de una obra -Šifā᾿ al-sā᾿il- consagrada completamente a esta disciplina. El lugar ocupado por esta ciencia -que aparece a menudo compartiendo ámbito con la magia- está determinado por el modelo epistemológico jalduniano y la condena de ciertas doctrinas y prácticas con ella relacionada posee una dimensión social y política más allá de la caracterización puramente herética. Su obra nos ofrece una mirada al sufismo de su época de entre cuyas figuras descuella el granadino Ibn al-Ḫaṭīb, a quien le unía una estrecha amistad. Basándonos en su Muqaddima, Ta‛rīf y Šifā᾿ trataremos de dilucidar cuál era su opinión acerca del sufismo del visir granadino.
Secular Shakespeare: Robert Green Ingersoll in the Context of American Bardolatry
Authors: Cavendish-Jones Colin
Published: December 2024

As American Literature began to depart from European models in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, Shakespeare came to be venerated with increasing enthusiasm, and was often regarded in quasi-religious terms, even as other British writers fell out of favor. This “Bardolatry” culminated in the late nineteenth century with the critical and appreciative writings of Robert Green Ingersoll, who was both the most prolific writer on Shakespeare and the most celebrated atheist and secularist of his age. Ingersoll’s appropriation of Shakespeare, as both a sceptic whose political and religious opinions reflected his own and an object of religious veneration to resemble and challenge the figure of Christ, exercised a strong influence on later writers, both popular and academic. This influence shaped the way in which Shakespeare is now widely regarded in America as the one indispensable secular writer and the center of a world canon.
Czech-ing Shakespeare: Tracing Shakespeare’s Influence (not only) in Czech Advertisements
Authors: Mišterová Ivona
Published: December 2024

Shakespeare’s plays are indisputably among the most translated, staged, and adapted works for both theatre and screen. The texts undergo updating, recontextualization, and transcultural adaptation to engage audiences across different age groups, thereby facilitating their reception. This article explores Shakespeare’s position in modern popular culture. Initially, Shakespeare’s status in popular culture is discussed, drawing on the concepts of Graham Holderness (1988), Douglas Lanier (2002, 2006), and Marjorie Garber (2008). The article then examines selected popular Shakespearean representations, such as Richard Burt’s concept of “Schlockspeare” (2002), which focuses on the use of catchphrases, references, along with both textual and visual allusions to Shakespeare in advertising (e.g. mortgage loans from Commercial Bank, a Shakespeare-inspired yogurt, etc.). The objective is to demonstrate that popular culture serves to disseminate Shakespeare’s work without diminishing its inherent value, echoing Graham Holderness’s assertion that  Shakespeare is, here, now, always, what is currently being made of him.”
Analisis Manajemen Strategi PT. Mayora Tbk
Authors: Daniel Wijaya Ivander
Published: December 2024

Mayora Indah Tbk, sebagai salah satu pemimpin pasar dalam industri makanan dan minuman ringan, menghadapi persaingan ketat di sektor fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis strategi agresif yang diterapkan oleh perusahaan dalam meningkatkan kinerja pasar. Dengan menggunakan metode analisis SWOT, SPACE, BCG, IE Matrix, dan Grand Strategy Matrix, penelitian ini mengevaluasi posisi strategis perusahaan dan merekomendasikan strategi yang relevan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa PT. Mayora Indah Tbk memiliki potensi besar untuk memperluas pangsa pasar melalui inovasi produk, pengembangan pasar, dan diversifikasi. Perusahaan berada di kuadran "stars" pada BCG Matrix dan kuadran I dalam IE Matrix, menunjukkan kekuatan kompetitif dan pertumbuhan yang tinggi. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini menegaskan pentingnya penerapan strategi market penetration, market development, dan product development untuk mempertahankan posisi sebagai market leader. Studi ini memberikan kontribusi bagi perusahaan dalam merumuskan langkah-langkah strategis yang efektif untuk mencapai keberlanjutan bisnis.
Linkage Disequilibrium in Animal Genetics – Definition, Measures and Applications
Authors: Iwuchukwu Godswill Arinzechukwu , Oyebanjo Marvellous , Şen Uğur
Published: December 2024

The non-random connection of alleles at various loci is known as linkage disequilibrium (LD). Combinations of alleles inside haplotypes occur at frequencies that differ from those expected on independence when two alleles at two distinct loci are in LD. When genetic variation at a locus is linked to a trait, it means that either the genetic variation at that locus directly impacts the phenotype of interest or the locus is in LD with the causal mutation. The level of LD, which dictates how many markers should be typed in a genome scan to discover a quantitative trait locus (QTL) using LD, is critical to the practicality of association studies. This review explores the origin of LD in genetics and how it applies to animal breeding and genetics.
HÜKMÜN AÇIKLANMASININ GERİ BIRAKILMASI KARARININ HUKUKİ DENETİMİ
Authors: Can Sibel , Evirgen Selen
Published: December 2024

Hükmün açıklanmasının geri bırakılması kararı, ceza muhakemesi uygulamasında sıklıkla verilen kararlar arasındadır. 32487 sayılı Resmî Gazete’de 7499 sayılı “Ceza Muhakemesi Kanunu ile Bazı Kanunlarda Değişiklik Yapılmasına Dair Kanun” yayımlanmıştır. İlgili kanunun 15. maddesi ile 5271 sayılı Ceza Muhakemesi Kanunu’nun 231. maddesinde düzenlenmiş olan “Hükmün Açıklanması ve Hükmün Açıklanmasının Geri Bırakılması” başlıklı hükmün bazı fıkraları tekrar düzenlenmiştir. Yapılan değişikliklerden en önemlisi, 01/06/2024 tarihinden sonra verilen hükmün açıklanmasının geri bırakılması kararlarına karşı 272. maddenin 3. fıkrası saklı kalmak üzere, istinaf kanun yoluna başvurulmasının mümkün hâle gelmesidir. Bu çalışmada, hükmün açıklanmasının geri bırakılması kurumunun hukuki niteliği tartışılarak sanık hakkında yarattığı sonuçlar incelenmiştir. Hükmün açıklanmasının geri bırakılmasına karşı itiraz kanun yoluna başvurulabildiği dönemde itiraz kanun yolunda denetimin kapsamı, öğretide yapılan tartışmalar ve Yargıtay kararları ele alınmış, bu sürece neden olan Anayasa Mahkemesi kararları irdelenmiştir. Ayrıca, Anayasa Mahkemesi tarafından verilen iptal kararından sonra yeniden yapılan düzenlemenin kapsamı ve kanun yolu tercihinin yerindeliği tartışılarak uygulamada ortaya çıkabilecek hukuki sorunlar ve bunlara ilişkin çözüm önerileri paylaşılmıştır.