bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The microscopic diagnostic signs of some Fabaceae L. genus representatives. Message ІІ. Plant conducting system
Authors: Grechana O. V. , Serbin A. H. , Rudnyk A. M. , Salii O. O.
Published: January 2022

The world plant products market is expanded rapidly and trade in them tends to grow by 15–25 % annually. The number of reports is increased proportionally about accidental contamination or deliberate, economically motivated falsification of plant raw materials. 27 % of the nearly 6.000 herbal preparations that are sold in 37 countries have contained undeclared contaminants, substitutes, or other components, according to the literature. We have conducted a plant conduction system microscopic analysis of the individual members’ genus Clover (Trifoliae L.), Fabaceae L. to identify morphoanatomical characteristics. Clover has anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, choleretic, diaphoretic, diuretic, hemostatic, expectorant, astringent properties and is used in many diseases.
Aim. The finding common features and those that differ and can be used as diagnostic during studying the conducting system structure of genus Trifolium L. leaves and stems.
Materials and methods. Plant material (herb) from Trifolium pratense L., T. incarnatum L., T. repens L. and T. fragiferum L. was harvested during the active flowering period – (May – June) and was dried in a well-ventilated place. Leaves and stems preparations were pre-boiled in 5 % sodium hydroxide water solution and fixed in chloral hydrate solution. Cross-sections were made with a microtome. The BIOLAM LOMO light microscope (Russia) and OLYMPUS SH-21 digital camera were used to record the data about identify the conducting apparatus of the plant’s leaf, petiole, and stem.
Results. It has been examined the central vein structure of T. pratense L. and T. fragiferum L. leaves, it was determined that the conductive system is covered with a crystalline coating and there is one closed collateral bundle in the center, which is not typical for dicotyledonous plants. The petioles of T. incarnatum L., T. fragiferum L., and T. repens L. in cross-section are several different shapes. There are kidney-shaped and round. The conducting apparatus T. incarnatum L. and T. repens L. have arranged in a circle, closed and collateral. The leafstalk structure type of T. fragiferum L. is bunchles. It contradicts too the information about the structure conducting system of dicotyledonous plants. The stem’s conducting bundles are collateral and open.
Conclusions. We have paid attention to the structural peculiarities of the conductive system of the central vein and petiole of objects for study: Trifolium pratense L., T. incarnatum L., T. repens L., and T. fragiferum L. when searching for differentiating features in some members of the genus Trifoliae L. in pharmacognostic analysis. The Dicotyledonae representatives are not characteristic of the closed type of conductive bundles, which we observed during microscopic examination.
Research of the chemical composition of Artemisia tschernieviana Bess. by gas chromatography method with mass detection
Authors: Panasenko O. I. , Mozul V. I. , Denysenko O. M. , Aksonova I. I. , Holovkin V. V.
Published: January 2022

The aim of the work was to study chromato-mass spectroscopic of Artemisia tschernieviana Bess. grass and to establish possible prospects for the use of this plant in medical practice.
Materials and methods. Artemisia tschernieviana Bess. grass was chosen as the object of research. Raw materials were collected in July 2021 in the flowering phase (Zaporizhzhia). The tincture was obtained by maceration and the raw material was extracted with methyl alcohol at room temperature for 10 days according to the method of making tinctures. The study of the chemical composition of Artemisia tschernieviana Bess. Grass was carried out using gas chromatograph Agilent 7890B GC System (Agilent, Santa Clara, CA, USA) with mass spectrometric detector Agilent 5977 BGC/MSD (Agilent, Santa Clara, CA, USA) and chromatographic column DB-5ms (30 m × 250 μm × 0.25 μm).
Results. During the study it was found that the composition of Artemisia tschernieviana Bess. grass includes 21 compounds (2 in the isomeric state). β-myrcene (17.22 %), sabinene (14.54 %), 2-(4a,8-dimethyl-7-oxo-1,2,3,4,4a,7-hexahydronaphthalen-2-yl) propionic acid (11.57 %), 2-dodecen-1-yl-succinic anhydride (10.84 %) and chamazulene (9.02 %) accounted for the largest percentage.
According to the literature review, myrcene has antibacterial, anesthetic and analgesic effects. Sabinene is characterized by antibacterial action. 2-(4a,8-dimethyl-7-oxo-1,2,3,4,4a,7-hexahydronaphthalen-2-yl)-propionic acid is a fatty acid with possible antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activity. 2-dodecen-1-yl-succinic anhydride is used to produce anhydride-modified form of insulin that can be used in the treatment of diabetes. Hamazulen has anti-inflammatory activity.
Conclusions. In view of all the above, we can conclude that Artemisia tschernieviana Bess. grass can be recommended for further research as a source of potential anti-inflammatory and antibacterial agents.
Synthesis and properties of S-derivatives of 4-amino-5-(5-methylpyrazol-3-yl)-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol
Authors: Fedotov S. O. , Hotsulia A. S.
Published: January 2022

The combination of various heterocyclic systems with a wide range of properties is quite expedient and is, in practice, a justified direction for obtaining biologically active substances, which ultimately forms a favorable basis for the creation of drugs. In recent decades, the attention of scientists has been closely focused on nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds. Among such compounds, 1,2,4-triazole and pyrazole occupy a special place. Indeed, on the basis of these systems, a significant number of well-known drugs have been created, which are widely used at the present time.
The aim of the work was the synthesis of S-derivatives of 4-amino-5-(5-methylpyrazol-3-yl)-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol, study of their physical and chemical properties, pre-screening studies with subsequent establishment of the feasibility of further pharmacological studies.
Materials and methods. Experimental methods of organic chemistry: synthesis using microwave activation, physical and chemical methods for the analysis of organic compounds (determination of the melting point, elemental analysis, 1H NMR, IR spectroscopy and chromatography-mass spectrometry). Methods for in silico pre-screening studies to establish the biological potential in several synthesized compounds (molecular docking).
Results. 10 new S-derivatives of 4-amino-5-(5-methylpyrazol-3-yl)-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol were synthesized. The structure of the obtained compounds was confirmed by a set of physical and chemical methods of analysis. According to the results of prescreening studies, the main directions of research of biological properties of synthesized compounds were provided.
Conclusions. The expediency of using microwave irradiation in the synthesis of a series of S-alkyl derivatives of 4-amino-5-(5-methylpyrazol-3-yl)-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol had been proved. Based on the results of in silico studies, the expediency of further studies of anti-inflammatory, antifungal and anticancer activities in several synthesized compounds had been substantiated.
Pathomorphological changes of capillaries in the cerebral cortex in type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Tumanskyi V. O. , Avramenko Yu. M.
Published: January 2022

The aim of the study was to determine microscopic, immunohistochemical, electron microscopic, morphometric parameters of capillaries in the cerebral cortex in deceased patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) in comparison with the conditional control group and the group of deceased patients with dyscirculatory ischemic encephalopathy.
Materials and methods. Microscopic, immunohistochemical, electron microscopic and morphometric studies of the cerebral cortex capillaries were performed in 3 groups: group I – 20 deceased patients with type 2 DM, group II conditional control (CC) – 20 deceased patients without clinical morphological signs of DM and cerebrovascular pathology, group III – 20 patients with dyscirculatory ischemic encephalopathy (DIEP).
Results. It was found that in type 2 DM, the capillaries in the cerebral cortex lose pericytes due to their apoptosis: the number of pericytes in the cortical capillaries in type 2 DM was statistically significantly lower by 57.14 % compared to CC group and 50.00 % lower compared to DIEP group, the level of caspase-3 expression in the cortical microvessels in type 2 DM was significantly higher by 230.85 % compared with CC group and 81.67 % higher than in DIEP group. According to electron microscopy in type 2 DM, apoptosis of pericytes and single endothelial cells in the cerebral cortex capillaries was determined as well as significant expansion of basement membranes with the accumulation of electron-dense amorphous material and collagen fibrils. According to the results of morphometry, the outer diameter of the cortical capillaries in type 2 DM group was 4.90 % significantly larger, the inner diameter was 9.78 % smaller and the walls were 66.62 % thicker (compared with CC group) due to the accumulation of PAS-positive substances of blood serum and fibrosis, confirmed by 22.96 % greater area of type IV collagen expression in the microvessel walls.
Conclusions. The pathomorphological changes of microvessels identified in deceased patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus are signs of diabetic cerebral microangiopathy.
Biada zwyciężonym – gospodarka i relacje społeczne w kulturze lateńskiej
Authors: Gralak Tomasz
Published: January 2022

The economy of any community depends on the values which are considered to be the most important. Social organization and technologies are subordinated to their implementation. In traditional societies, including people of the La Tène culture, the most significant issues concerned the status of individuals and the resulting interpersonal relations. The position in rank was manifested and gained through participation in military expeditions. The economy was subordinated to military action. Nonetheless, new technologies and financial solutions created opportunities for military success. This, however, has its price in enormous social inequalities and almost permanent war.
Fused deposition modeling of polypropylene-aluminium silicate dihydrate microcomposites
Authors: Chaka Kilole Tesfaye
Published: January 2022

Polypropylene (PP) undergoes fast crystallization and resulting in rigorous shrinkage when it is subjected to high temperature likewise of the fused deposition modeling (FDM) process. This research study focuses on the investigation of the processing parameters and factors that decrease the warpage of PP during the FDM process. Aluminium silicate dihydrate (K) microparticles of different ratios were melt blended with PP by a twin-screw extruder, and filaments of about 1.7 mm diameter were extruded in a single screw extruder. Then, the extruded filaments were used to fabricate the dumbbells structure through the FDM process. The effects of optimizing the fused deposition temperature, coating the chamber with thick papers/fabrics, and coating a printer bed with PP material were also investigated in this study. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, melt flow, and mechanical properties testing instruments are used to analyze the microparticles dispersion, crystallization, flow, and mechanical properties of resulting samples. Uniformly dispersed filler and increased printing chamber temperature result in an increase of crystallization temperature and improve the dimensional accuracy of fused deposited specimens. The fused deposited PP-K10 wt% composite showed an improvement of up to 32% in tensile modulus compared to the neat PP.
Effects of nitrogen and phosphorus on Microcystis aeruginosa growth and microcystin production
Authors: Zhou Benjun , Wang Zhen
Published: January 2022

In the present study, the effects of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) on the growth of Microcystis aeruginosa and the production of microcystins (MCs) were investigated. The results showed that the growth of M. aeruginosa was not merely determined by N or P, but both nutrients were limiting for the species. Moreover, an excess of N and constant P in the culture medium could stimulate the growth of M. aeruginosa, whereas the growth of the species was inhibited in the culture medium containing excess of P and constant N. The optimal growth of M. aeruginosa was at an N:P ratio of 0.1 with the maximal optical density of 1.197 at 680 nm (OD680), whereas the maximal microcystin-LR (MC-LR) content of 228.2 μg·L−1 observed in the culture medium with an N:P ratio of 5. Interestingly, MC-LR production occurred under conditions of N starvation, thereby suggesting that the growth rate of M. aeruginosa was not related to MC-LR production under conditions of nutrient stress.
Protective role of foliar application of green-synthesized silver nanoparticles against wheat stripe rust disease caused by Puccinia striiformis
Authors: Sabir Sidra , Arshad Muhammad , Ilyas Noshin , Naz Farah , Amjad Muhammad Shoaib , Malik Nafeesa Zahid , Chaudhari Sunbal Khalil
Published: January 2022

Green-synthesized nanoparticles have a tremendous antimicrobial potential to be used as an alternative to hazardous fungicides. In this study, the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) was performed by using Moringa oleifera leaf extract as a reducing and stabilizing agent. The synthesized AgNPs were subjected to different characterization techniques. UV-visible spectroscopy confirmed the surface plasmon resonance band in the range of 400–450 nm, and zeta analysis revealed that the synthesized AgNPs ranged 4–30 nm in size. Scanning electron microscopy depicted tiny fused rectangular segments and the crystalline nature of the synthesized AgNPs was confirmed using X-ray diffraction. Energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) detector confirmed the presence of metallic silver ions. Fourier-transform infrared analysis revealed the presence of phenols as main reducing agents in the plant extract. Foliar application of different concentrations (25, 50, 75, and 100  ppm) of AgNPs was applied on wheat plants inoculated with Puccinia striiformis to assess the disease incidence against stripe rust disease. AgNPs at a conc. of 75 ppm were found to be more effective against wheat stripe rust disease. Furthermore, the application of AgNPs enhanced morpho-physiological attributes and reduced nonenzymatic compounds and antioxidant enzymes in wheat. The present study highlights the potential role of the green-synthesized AgNPs as a biological control of yellow rust disease.
Neuroprotective potential of Celastrus paniculatus seeds against common neurological ailments: a narrative review
Authors: Sankaramourthy Divya , Sankaranarayanan Lakshmi , Subramanian Kavimani , Sadras Sudha Rani
Published: January 2022

The most common human neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), Huntington’s disease (HD) etc. have been recognized to result from a complex interplay between genetic predisposition and defective cellular dynamics such as inappropriate accumulation of unfolded proteins, oxygen free radicals and mitochondrial dysfunction. The treatment strategies available today for these neurodegenerative ailments are only palliative and are incapable of restraining the progression of the disease. Hence, there is an immense requirement for identification of drug candidates with the ability to alleviate neuronal damage along with controlling progression of the disease. From time immemorial mankind has been relying on plants for treating varied types of dreadful diseases. Among the various medicinal plants used for treating various neurological ailments, Celastrus paniculatus (CP) popularly known as Jyotishmati or Malkangni is well known in the Ayurveda system of Indian Traditional Medicine whose seeds and seed oil have been used for centuries in treating epilepsy, dementia, facial paralysis, amnesia, anxiety, sciatica, cognitive dysfunctions etc. This review apart from specifying the phytochemical characteristics and traditional uses of C. paniculatus seeds and seed oil also exemplify the comprehensive data derived from various research reports on their therapeutic potential against some common neurological disorders.
The Constitutionality of Compulsory Land Acquisition in Vietnam: Issues and Recommendations
Authors: Phan Hien Trung , Spitzer Hugh D.
Published: January 2022

This article identifies and analyzes the theoretical, constitutional, and practical bases for governmental land acquisition in Vietnam from a comparative perspective. The authors contrast political ideologies of private ownership and public interests to elucidate the grounds for compulsory acquisition of property for public uses. By reviewing constitutional provisions on compulsory land acquisition in several countries (Singapore, Korea, Australia, India, and the United States), and exploring Vietnam’s constitutional provisions on land acquisition for national defense, security and socio-economic development, this article analyzes some key themes of purposes, procedure, and compensation. The paper then suggests specific changes to Vietnam’s Land Law to increase transparency and to provide more legal safeguards for private users of property when government entities recover privately-used land for public purposes.
Recent advances in metamaterials for simultaneous wireless information and power transmission
Authors: Tian Shuncheng , Zhang Xuanming , Wang Xin , Han Jiaqi , Li Long
Published: January 2022

In the last two decades, metamaterials and metasurfaces have introduced many new electromagnetic (EM) theory concepts and inspired contemporary design methodologies for EM devices and systems. This review focuses on the recent advances in metamaterials (MMs) for simultaneous wireless information and power transmission (SWIPT) technology. In the increasingly complex EM world, digital coding and programmable metamaterials and metasurfaces have enabled commercial opportunities with a broad impact on wireless communications and wireless power transfer. In this review, we first introduce the potential technologies for SWIPT. Then, it is followed by a comprehensive survey of various research efforts on metamaterial-based wireless information transmission (WIT), wireless power transmission (WPT), wireless energy harvesting (WEH) and SWIPT technologies. Finally, it is concluded with perspectives on the rapidly growing SWIPT requirement for 6G. This review is expected to provide researchers with insights into the trend and applications of metamaterial-based SWIPT technologies to stimulate future research in this emerging domain.
Access to School Counseling and the Connection to Postsecondary STEM Outcomes
Authors: Brookover Dana L.
Published: January 2022

Access to school counseling services leads to access to college-readiness counseling initiatives, including science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) education–focused counseling for students. School counselor caseload and percentage of time spent on college-readiness counseling were analyzed in relation to longitudinal STEM postsecondary outcomes of students in a nationally representative sample. Access to school counselors who spend 21% or more of their time on college-readiness counseling predicted persistence and attainment of a STEM postsecondary degree. The current results offer implications for school counselors, counselor educators, and future researchers, including the need for STEM self-efficacy interventions, unbiased curriculum, and professional development on STEM counseling for school counselors; and the call for a more nuanced understanding of this topic.
Addressing Anxiety: Practitioners’ Examination of Mindfulness in Constructivist Supervision
Authors: Watkinson Jennifer Scaturo , Cicero Gayle , Burton Elizabeth
Published: January 2022

It is widely documented that practicum students experience anxiety as a natural part of their counselor development. Within constructivist supervision, mindfulness exercises are used to help counselors-in-training (CITs) work with their anxiety by having them focus on their internal experiences. To inform and strengthen our practice, we engaged in a practitioner inquiry study to understand how practicum students experienced mindfulness as a central part of supervision. We analyzed 25 sandtray reflections and compared them to transcripts from two focus groups to uncover three major themes related to the student experience: (a) openness to the process, (b) reflection and self-care, and (c) attention to the doing. One key lesson learned was the importance of balancing mindfulness exercises to highlight the internal experiences related to anxiety while providing adequate opportunities for CITs to share stories and hear from peers during group supervision.
Is Passive Priming Really Impervious to Verb Semantics? A High-Powered Replication of Messenger Et al. (2012)
Authors: Darmasetiyawan I Made Sena , Messenger Kate , Ambridge Ben
Published: January 2022

The aim of the present study was to conduct a particularly stringent pre-registered in-vestigation of the claim that there exists a level of linguistic representation that “includes syntactic category information but not semantic information” (Branigan & Pickering, 2017: 8). As a test case, we focussed on the English passive; a construction for which previous findings have been somewhat contradictory. On the one hand, several studies using different methodologies have found an advantage for theme-experiencer passives (e.g., The girl was shocked by the tiger; and also agent-patient passives; e.g., The girl was hit by the tiger) over experiencer-theme passives (e.g., The girl was ignored by the tiger). On the other hand, Messenger et al. (2012) found no evidence that theme-experiencer and experiencer-theme passives vary in their propensity to prime production of agent-patient passives. We therefore conducted an online replication of Messen-ger et al (2012) with a pre-registered appropriately powered sample (N=240). Although a large and significant priming effect (i.e., an effect of prime sentence type) was ob-served, a Bayesian analysis yielded only weak/anecdotal evidence (BF=2.11) for the crucial interaction of verb type by prime type; a finding that was robust to different coding and exclusion decisions, operationalizations of verb semantics (dichoto-mous/continuous), analysis frameworks (Bayesian/frequentist) and – as per a mixed-effects-multiverse analyses – random effects structures. Nevertheless, these findings do no not provide evidence for the absence of semantic effects (as has been argued for the findings of Messenger et al, 2012). We conclude that these and related findings are best explained by a model that includes both lexical, exemplar-level representations and rep-resentations at multiple higher levels of abstraction.
Triiodothyronine (T3), inflammation and mortality risk in patients with acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Razvi Salman , Jabbar Avais , Bano Arjola , Ingoe Lorna , Carey Peter , Junejo Shahid , Thomas Honey , Addison Caroline , Austin David , Greenwood John P , Zaman Azfar G
Published: January 2022

Objectives

To study the relationship between serum-free T3 (FT3), C-reactive protein (CRP) and all-cause mortality in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI).

Design

Prospective multicentre longitudinal cohort study.

Methods

Between December 2014 and December 2016, thyroid function and CRP were analysed in AMI (both ST-elevation (STEMI) and non-ST-elevation) patients from the Thyroxine in Acute Myocardial Infarction study. The relationship of FT3 and CRP at baseline with all-cause mortality up to June 2020 was assessed. Mediation analysis was performed to evaluate if CRP mediated the relationship between FT3 and mortality.

Results

In 1919 AMI patients (29.2% women, mean (s.d.) age: 64.2 (12.1) years and 48.7% STEMI) followed over a median (interquartile range) period of 51 (46–58) months, there were 277 (14.4%) deaths. Overall, lower serum FT3 and higher CRP levels were associated with higher risk of mortality. When divided the patients into tertiles based on the levels of FT3 and CRP; the group with the lowest FT3 and highest CRP levels had a 2.5-fold increase in mortality risk (adjusted hazard ratio (95% CI) of 2.48 (1.82–3.16)) compared to the group with the highest FT3 and lowest CRP values. CRP mediated 9.8% (95% CI: 6.1–15.0%) of the relationship between FT3 and mortality.

Conclusions

In AMI patients, lower serum FT3 levels on admission are associated with a higher mortality risk, which is partly mediated by inflammation. Adequately designed trials to explore the potential benefits of T3 in AMI patients are required.
An Entrustable Professional Activity Addressing Racism and Pediatric Health Inequities
Authors: Unaka Ndidi I. , Winn Ariel , Spinks-Franklin Adiaha , Poitevien Patricia , Trimm Franklin , Nuncio Lujano Brenda J. , Turner David A.
Published: January 2022

Racism and discrimination are the root of many pediatric health inequities and are well described in the literature. Despite the pervasiveness of pediatric health inequities, we have failed to adequately educate and prepare general pediatricians and pediatric subspecialists to address them. Deficiencies within education across the entire continuum and in our health care systems as a whole contribute to health inequities in unacceptable ways. To address these deficiencies, the field of pediatrics, along with other specialties, has been on a journey toward a more competency-based approach to education and assessment, and the framework created for the future is built on entrustable professional activities (EPAs). Competency-based medical education is one approach to addressing the deficiencies within graduate medical education and across the continuum by allowing educators to focus on the desired equitable patient outcomes and then develop an approach to teaching and assessing the tasks, knowledge, skills, and attitudes needed to achieve the goal of optimal, equitable patient care. To that end, we describe the development and content of a revised EPA entitled: Use of Population Health Strategies and Quality Improvement Methods to Promote Health and Address Racism, Discrimination, and Other Contributors to Inequities Among Pediatric Populations. We also highlight the ways in which this EPA can be used to inform curricula, assessments, professional development, organizational systems, and culture change.
The Role of Wine Buyouts in the Formation of the Initial Capital of the Russian Entrepreneurship of the XIX century: on the Example of D. E. Benardaki
Authors: Grigorkin Vasily A.
Published: January 2022

Introduction. The entrepreneurial activity in history has passed a very long distance in the course of its evolutionary development. At each of the stages of its development, it possessed very specific features and qualities that directly depended on a number of various factors. These factors include: the level of development of productive forces, the nature of various (socio-economic, production, political) relationships, forms of ownership and their changes. Materials and Methods. Comparative historical, chronological and genealogical research methods were used, the principles of objectivity and historicism were observed. Results. By the time the lease system was canceled, the period of initial capital accumulation for the former leaseholders was over. Discussion and Conclusion. One of the main stages in the development of Russian entrepreneurship falls on the first half of the 19th century. At this time, directly related to the beginning and development of the industrial revolution, there was a significant acceleration of the processes of initial capital accumulation. This process was based on various forms and types of trade and intermediary activities within the developing the all-Russian market.
Análisis de propuestas curriculares dominicanas para lectoescritura inicial de la población estudiantil con necesidades específicas de apoyo educativo
Authors: Pérez-García Irene Altagracia , Plasencia-Peralta Winny
Published: January 2022

Esta investigación se enmarca en el paradigma de la educación inclusiva. Para cumplir con este derecho, el Ministerio de Educación (MINERD) propone una serie de ajustes curriculares individualizados (ACI) con la intención de favorecer la inclusión de la población estudiantil con necesidades específicas de apoyo educativo (NEAE) que asiste a escuelas regulares para adquirir las competencias necesarias en su desarrollo integral. Se examinó cuán alineados están el Diseño Curricular dominicano y las guías de ACI con respecto a la evidencia recopilada acerca de la lectoescritura inicial (LEI) en la población estudiantil con NEAE. Para la realización de este estudio de tipo cualitativo de corte transversal y de carácter descriptivo, se realizó una revisión bibliográfica, luego se determinaron los documentos que se analizaron mediante un árbol de categorías. Con la finalidad de complementar este proceso, se realizaron 13 entrevistas semiestructuradas a las personas encargadas de la creación y difusión de las guías en cuestión, los datos fueron procesados en MAXQDA 2020, por último, se trianguló la información. El levantamiento de datos ocurrió durante el primer cuatrimestre del año 2021. No en todos los documentos, objeto del estudio, están presentes las categorías de análisis, y las guías de ajustes curriculares no abordan la adquisición de la LEI en la población con NEAE. El estudio concluye que los documentos se corresponden parcialmente con lo planteado por la evidencia y que se requiere una propuesta de ajustes curriculares que responda a las necesidades específicas de la población infantil.
Understanding circularity in tourism
Authors: Kaszás Nikoletta , Keller Krisztina , Birkner Zoltán
Published: January 2022

The spread of the idea of the circular economy has already appeared among service providers; therefore, a growing interest in tourism can be observed. Due to its seasonal nature and because tourism is primarily operated by for-profit actors, whose aspirations focus on economic benefits, tourism in in recent years has developed in the direction of mass tourism. By overriding the approach of sustainability, all this strengthens the damaging effects of tourism on nature and society. The aim of the study is to understand and interpret the circular economy model in the tourism industry; explore the relevant literature through a review analysis and based on the synthesis of principles found in the literature, show directions of how the circular economy can be interpreted in tourism. The main contribution of the study is that besides the contextual understanding of circular tourism, it aims to provide practical issues and examples about circular solutions. The study also highlights that in addition to physical parameters, some solutions could be achieved only by reorganizing processes and practices. Furthermore, based on industrial symbiosis, tourism can support sustainable development at the individual and the regional level.
The Brasilian Electoral Justice
Authors:   Center for Applied Research and Programs, Szydlowski Alexey
Published: January 2022

Introduction: electoral justice can be called the basis of a modern system of democratic elections based on the principles of protecting the rights and freedoms of citizens and equal access for all to the electoral process on the terms of transparency, impartiality, and justice. Purpose: the purpose of the paper is to consider electoral justice in Brazil and analyze its significance for the political and electoral competition in the country during the elections. Methods: when working on the paper, the author studied a large volume of scientific and legal materials, some of which were little known to the Russian scientific community or introduced into the scientific circulation for the first time. The methodological framework for the research is a complex of general scientific and special legal methods, in particular, the system method, analysis, synthesis, and generalization and forecasting. The formal legal method was also used to analyze the normative legal acts, as well as a comparative approach when analyzing the foreign and Russian sources. The historical and legal method allowed us to consider the origin, formation, and development of electoral law in chronological order, taking into account the modern features of Brazil. Results: the peculiarities of the modern Brazilian electoral justice system are that such a system, created as a necessary element of democratic elections, eventually became the basis for the democratic consolidation of Brazil, influencing not only the making and application of independent decisions but also the rule-making in the electoral process. This is due, firstly, to the fact that the Brazilian electoral justice is independent neither of the regulatory body that carries out electoral justice, nor of the party interests, nor of the interests of the majority in the matters of protecting society exercising its electoral right. Secondly, the electoral justice system has quite broad powers in terms of implementing the rule-making process on the issues of law enforcement of the constitutional regulations on the electoral process. Conclusions: such rule-making contributes to the creation of conditions for the effective judicial protection and political competition, and the institution of electoral justice itself objectively shows its efficiency and is recommended for the implementation in the Russian Federation in the form of an autonomous system of electoral courts, including the federal electoral court, the electoral courts of the subjects of the federation, the municipal electoral courts and the corps of electoral judges of polling stations.
A Sham Legal Phenomenon: The Concept and Legal Composition
Authors:   Tyumen State University, Zvereva Polina , Kirillov Dmitry ,   Tyumen State University
Published: January 2022

Introduction: in recent decades, there has been an increase in the number of legal phenomena in which nominal properties do not correspond to the real ones. So, even such terms as, for example, the nominal value of an asset and the like began to be included in the laws. The discrepancy between nominal and real properties has long been typical for sham transactions. Therefore, the researchers considered it appropriate to extend the rules on such transactions to the legal phenomena of various branches. So, in tax law, it is proposed to talk about a sham counterparty and apply the legal consequences to the real one. It is also important that in recent years the concept of “sham object” has appeared in the acts of financial and administrative law. The accumulation of relevant circumstances predetermined the purpose of the study – based on the generalization of the construction of a sham transaction to reveal the composition of the concept of “sham legal phenomenon”. Results: the prerequisites for the formulation of the concept of “sham legal phenomenon” are revealed. The expediency of introducing this concept into the legal circulation is characterized. The relevance of extrapolating the construction of a sham transaction to sham legal phenomena is justified. It is shown that the elements of the composition of a sham legal phenomenon are the covering phenomenon claimed by the participants as real; the covered (real) legal phenomenon; the legal consequences of the covered phenomenon; the participants of the legal phenomenon seeking to achieve the legal consequences characteristic of the covered phenomenon. The rule on the legal meaning of the consequences of the covered legal phenomenon is formulated. The scope of application of the results is the theory of law, the branch legal sciences, scientific legal research, law enforcement, law-making. Conclusions: it is necessary to study the scale, causes and consequences of the prevalence of sham legal phenomena in various branches of law.
Some Aspects of the Transformation of Constitutional Legal Norms
Authors:   Mari State University, Mokoseyeva Marina
Published: January 2022

Introduction: the Russian doctrinal sources have been noting the formation of a new type of law-making for several years. It differs from other types in that amendments and changes to the constitutional norms are made without their direct changing. This type of law-making is called “transformation of constitutional norms”. The purpose of the study is to formulate the concept of transformation of constitutional norms and to identify the specific features and distinctions of this legal phenomenon. Methods: the methodological framework for the study is a set of methods of scientific knowledge, among which the main ones are the methods of comparison, analysis, and generalization of legal material. Results: the author’s position on the need to determine the features, limits, and distinctions of this institution in Russian science is based on the study of the modern legislation, as well as a large number of examples from judicial practice. Based on this approach to the study of legal material, the very concept of transformation of constitutional norms was studied, the ambiguities of the transformation processes were identified, and the features and limits of transformation were formulated. Conclusions: as a result of the study, the role of transformation as a regulator of public relations and a new type of law-making is revealed. The features, signs, and limits of the transformation of constitutional norms are established through the analysis of examples in the judicial practice of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation. It is determined that the transformation is temporary, can fill a legal gap, and has a specific mechanism of implementation, which is due to special forms of transformation (interpretation, application of legal positions, ratification, and implementation).
The Problems of Regulating the Repayment of Claims of Bankruptcy Creditors in the Course of Bankruptcy Proceedings and the Application of the Institution of Offset of Homogeneous Counterclaims
Authors:   LLC “Shchekin and Partners”, Zaitsev Anton
Published: January 2022

Introduction: the main goal of bankruptcy is satisfaction of creditors’ claims. In this connection, the legislator, based on the requests of law enforcement practice, must make changes to the current legislation, including the legalization of other ways to replenish the debtor’s bankruptcy estate. The author identifies the purpose of the study as a justification for the legislative consolidation of the possibility of legal succession by a particular person of the rights of bankruptcy creditors after the repayment of the latter’s claims. Methods: the methodological framework for the study is a set of methods of scientific cognition, among which the main ones are the methods of system, analysis, and comparative law. Results: the author’s position justified in the work is based on the needs of the institution of bankruptcy. Based on the analysis of the current legislation and the established law enforcement practice, the author shows the shortcomings of the existing legal structures used to repay creditors’ claims. Conclusions: the author proposed a variant of repayment of the claims of bankruptcy creditors by a third party, which is fundamentally different from the legally fixed structures and based on the possible subrogation of the transfer of the rights of bankruptcy creditors to it.
Substitution of Parties in the Obligation and Suretyship: Contradictions in the Construction of a Solidary Plurality of Persons (Part 1)
Authors:   Volgograd State University, Kvitsinia Natalia , Osadchenko Elvira ,   Volgograd State University
Published: January 2022

Introduction: the authors conducted a study of the differentiation of the norms on surety and substitution of parties in the obligation due to the lack of their clear regulation by the legislator. The paper discusses the concepts of co-suretyship and individual suretyship, reveals their similarities and differences. The authors highlighted the problems of applying the rules on the substitution of parties in the obligation and the responsibility of the surety and also suggested the ways to resolve them. The purpose of the study is to develop some proposals for improving the institution of suretyship and bringing it into line with the norms on the substitution of parties in an obligation. Methods: the study used historical, comparative law, logical research methods, as well as the method of the literal and broad interpretation of normative legal acts and court decisions. Results: the civil law doctrine of the institute of suretyship and co-suretyship was supplemented, the legal position of suretyship in the proper performance of its obligations for the debtor was determined from the standpoint of the science of civil law. Conclusions: according to the results of the study, it is proposed to amend the current legislation and completely exclude from it the provisions on the independent regulation of “joint suretyship”, i.e. to recognize Part 3 of Article 363 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation as invalid. The provisions developed by the authors will simplify and streamline the law enforcement practice in the issues under consideration.
The Eurasian Technology Platforms As Attractors of Scientific, Technological and Industrial Integration Within the EAEU: The Analysis of the Legal Framework
Authors:   Saratov State Law Academy, Shugurov Mark
Published: January 2022

Introduction: in the context of expanding and deepening the cooperation between the EAEU member states in the field of science, technology, and innovation, which is provided for in the Strategic Directions for the Development of the Eurasian Economic Integration until 2025, the importance of improving the legal regulation of such joint innovation and infrastructure facilities as the Eurasian Technology Platforms (ETP) is increasing. The purpose of the study is to develop a comprehensive conceptual understanding of the purpose of the legal regulation of the ETP at the level of Union law in terms of the legal model used. The objectives of the study are 1) to establish the correlation of the structure of the legal foundations of the ETP with the structure of Union law; 2) to undertake a systematic analysis of the scale of consolidation of the normative legal provisions in the sources of Union law that have different legal force; 3) to predict the development of the legal foundations of the ETP. Methods: the general scientific methods (system, structural and functional), the specific scientific methods (comparative-legal, dogmatic legal). Results: the classification of the legal bases of the scientific and technological integration of the EAEU member states based on the ETP is proposed. Conclusions: further development of the legal foundations of the functioning of the ETP will involve following their established legal model while simultaneously developing it in the direction of combining the expansion of the international treaty provisions and the expansion of the provisions of the regulatory legal acts of the Union bodies, as well as the inclusion of the provisions on interaction within the ETP into interstate programs.
On the Need to Improve the Legal Regulation of Agricultural Land Transfer
Authors:   Volgograd State University, Sadkov Andrey , Baturina Natalia ,   Volgograd Academy of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation, Pechnikov Gennady ,   Volgograd Academy of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation
Published: January 2022

Introduction: the paper deals with the problems of the legal regulation of agricultural land turnover, analyzes the procedure and the main legal conflicts that arise when allocating a share from a land plot classified as agricultural land. The purpose of the study is to find solutions aimed at improving the legal regulation of agricultural land turnover. Methods: the methodological framework for the study is a set of methods of scientific knowledge, among which the main ones are the methods of analysis, synthesis, generalization, and comparative law. Results: the authors’ position justified in the work is based on the current Russian legislation and the opinions of competent scientists on the issues of clarifying the specifics of agricultural land turnover. Conclusions: the authors concluded that as the main criterion for classifying a land plot as agricultural land, it is necessary to consider the presence of a fertile layer on a particular land plot suitable for growing crops. The paper substantiates the position that the norms of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation applied to public relations within the framework of agricultural land turnover should be applied exactly as long as they do not conflict with the requirements of the environmental legislation.
The Improvement of the Procedural Order for Checking the Reasons and Grounds for Initiating a Criminal Case
Authors:   Volgograd State University, Solovyova Natalia , Fantrov Pavel ,   Volgograd State University, Shinkaruk Vladimir ,   Volgograd State University
Published: January 2022

Introduction: the range of tasks facing the stage of initiating a criminal case is quite diverse, which leads to different interpretations of their content by the scientists-processualists. The authors of the paper assess the problems of determining the reasons and grounds for initiating a criminal case. The problem considered by the authors of the manuscript is relevant because of their insufficiently clear legislative definition and their related ambiguous interpretation. The purpose of the study: to identify the problems that hinder the improvement of the procedural order for checking the reasons and grounds for initiating a criminal case. The research objectives: to analyze the points of view of the scientists-processualists about the expediency of eliminating the first stage of the criminal process; to offer some recommendations for transforming the stage of initiating a criminal case. Methods: the methodological framework for the study is represented by a system of methods of scientific cognition, which should include: general scientific, systemic, institutional, and comparative legal. Results: the paper provides an assessment of the position of some researchers specializing in criminal procedure law on the need to eliminate the stage of initiating a criminal case, which the authors of the paper do not share, citing the following arguments: the considered stage of the criminal process acts as a kind of filter that separates the law enforcement agencies from procedural activities for the analysis of information that does not hide the signs of a criminally punishable act; will cause an increase in the burden on investigators and interrogators; the burden on the federal budget will increase due to the procedural costs. Conclusions: considering the possibility of improving the stage of initiating a criminal case, borrowing the experience of the representative countries of the Anglo-Saxon legal system, the authors of the paper conclude that as a result of this, the procedural status of some participants in the criminal process will change, which is alien to the Russian criminal procedure legislation: the replacement of the functions of the investigator by the prosecutor and the court; the exercise of the function of the body of inquiry by the investigator; the acquisition by the defender of the status of the subject of proof on a par with the investigator and the inquirer. It is noted that the attempt of the legislator to give evidentiary value to the information obtained during the preinvestigation check as an independent reason for initiating a criminal case was not successful.