bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Análisis de las técnicas documentales en las radios universitarias de España: Propuesta de Centro de documentación
Authors: Vivas Moreno Agustín , Martin-Pena Daniel , Parejo Cuéllar Macarena
Published: April 2018

La presente investigación tiene dos objetivos. Por un lado, analizar el empleo de las técnicas documentales utilizadas en las emisoras universitarias españolas pertenecientes a la Asociación de Radios Universitarias de España (ARU) y, por otro, confeccionar un modelo de Centro de documentación para dichas estaciones radiofónicas. Para el primer objetivo, la metodología utilizada ha sido de carácter cuantitativo, con un posterior análisis cualitativo de los datos obtenidos; para ello, se ha creado un instrumento validado y respondido por los responsables de las emisoras universitarias. Para el segundo, se ha seguido el método propiamente documental, con el fin de planificar un Centro de documentación específico para las radios universitarias, empleando, entre otros, el Sistema de Información promovido por la Secretaría de la UNESCO, que utilizamos fundamentalmente. Las principales conclusiones reflejan la casi nula importancia que prestan las emisoras a las labores de documentación, solventada en parte gracias a determinadas herramientas y repositorios localizados en la red en los cuales almacenar y catalogar de manera genérica el trabajo generado. Así mismo, la creación de un Centro de documentación de carácter colaborativo supondría la profesionalización de estas emisoras y la preservación de un patrimonio histórico de gran valor para la institución universitaria.
The therapeutic effect of gelatin tannate in acute diarrhea in children
Authors: Kara Soner Sertan , Volkan Burcu , Erten İbrahim
Published: April 2018

Gelatin tannate (GT) is a nonabsorbable antidiarrheal agent investigated in few clinical studies. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of GT on children with acute gastroenteritis. This randomized, placebo-controlled, single-blinded, prospective study involved children aged from six months to 10 years with acute diarrhea. The study group received GT and the control group placebo for five days. Stool frequency and numbers of patients with diarrhea in each group were compared at 12, 24, 48, 72, 96, and 120 hours. Duration of diarrhea and weight changes after 120 hours was recorded. Mean stool frequency was lower in the study group at 0-12 hours (3±1.8 vs. 3.6±1.9, p=0.04). The study group exhibited more weight gain after 120 hours of treatment and shorter total duration of diarrhea, although the difference was not statistically significant. Fewer patients in the study group had diarrhea at the end of 12, 24, 96, and 120 hours. Patients treated with GT with Bristol scores of 7 at admission exhibited more weight gain than patients with Bristol scores of 6 (296±38 vs. 137±39, p=0.04). GT resulted in a decreased stool frequency at 12 hours in children with acute diarrhea. It shortened total duration of diarrhea and resulted in more weight gain compared to placebo. It also had a greater effect on weight gain in the presence of watery, rather than mushy stool.
Subtype frequencies, demographic features, and remission rates in juvenile idiopathic arthritis - 265 cases from a Turkish center
Authors: Çakan Mustafa , Aktay-Ayaz Nuray , Keskindemirci Gonca , Ekinci Dilbade Yıldız , Karadağ Şerife Gül
Published: April 2018

Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is the most common cause of chronic arthritis in children. It is a group of heterogeneous disorders that have chronic arthritis as a common feature. It has a worldwide distribution and many studies have shown that subtype frequencies in JIA seem to be showing geographical distribution. The aim of this study was to define subtype frequencies, demographic features, and the rates of macrophage activation syndrome, uveitis and remission in Turkish JIA patients. The files of all JIA patients (378 cases) that were being followed in Pediatric Rheumatology Clinic of our institution, between May 2010 and February 2016 were reviewed. Two hundred and sixty-five patients were included into the study. Gender, JIA subtype, age at diagnosis, age at the initial symptoms, JIA medications, uveitis presence, JIA status at the time of enrollment were recorded from the files. There were 87 enthesitis related arthritis, 87 oligoarthritis (81 persistent, 6 extended), 36 rheumatoid factor (RF) negative polyarthritis, 35 systemic arthritis, 10 RF-positive polyarthritis, 5 psoriatic arthritis and 5 undifferentiated arthritis cases. Mean age at diagnosis was 9.9 ± 4.9 years and male/female ratio was 1.05. Uveitis was found in 4.5% of the cases. Biologics were used in 26% of the patients. At the time of enrollment, 69% of the patients were under remission while 31% of them were active. Systemic arthritis and persistent oligoarthritis cases were the groups that most commonly achieved remission, while patients with polyarticular involvement, namely RF positive polyarthritis, RF negative polyarthritis and extended oligoarthritis patients were the groups with high number of active patients. In conclusion, JIA is a heterogeneous group of disorder, and differences in subtype frequencies from country to country make it even more heterogeneous disease. Patients with polyarticular involvement may need early and aggressive treatment to control the disease activity.
M-LEARNING NO ENSINO DE LIBRAS: AVALIAÇÃO DE OBJETOS DE APRENDIZAGEM
Authors: Costa Conceição de Maria Machado , Marinho Márcia Machado , Marinho Gabrielle Silva
Published: April 2018

Atualmente, 9,7 milhões de pessoas no Brasil, apresentam alguma deficiência auditiva, que utilizam uma linguagem visual para se comunicar, a Língua Brasileira de Sinais (LIBRAS). Com os avanços tecnológicos e o aumento da acessibilidade a informação, surge o M-Learning, que se fundamenta na aprendizagem utilizando dispositivos móveis, democratizando o ensino/aprendizagem. Nesse contexto, este trabalho teve o objetivo de avaliar os principais objetos de aprendizagem desenvolvidos para dispositivos móveis (sistema Android®), orientado para o ensino de libras, quanto ao grau de satisfação dos usuários. A pesquisa foi realizada em cinco momentos: busca no repositório PlayStore® usando os descritores “LIBRAS” e “M-Learning”, sendo critério de seleção, objeto de aprendizagem com número acima de 1.000.000 de downloads e número de avaliações igual ou superior a 20.000; avaliação dos objetos de aprendizagem selecionados quanto ao seu grau de satisfação e quanto às concepções de aprendizagem (empirista, racionalista e interacionista). Apenas dois objetos estavam dentro dos critérios estabelecidos, sendo eles o ProDeaf Tradutor® e Hand Talk Tradutor para Libras®. Quando avaliados pelo grau de satisfação do usuário, estatisticamente, ambos obtiveram o grau médio de satisfação no valor de 4,6, inferindo que mais de 89% dos avaliadores, indicaram um grau de satisfação igual ou maior que 4, demonstrando um alto grau de satisfação. Concluímos, que os objetos de aprendizagem ProDeaf® e Hand Talk®, possuem um alto grau de satisfação, sendo acessível e com boa usabilidade, apresentando um alto potencial para serem utilizados no M-Learning em LIBRAS.
PESQUISA QUALITATIVA EM TESES DE DOUTORADO: UMA ANÁLISE DO TRIÊNIO 2013-2015
Authors: Leite Maria Cleide da Silva Ribeiro , Silva Antonio José Pereira da , Martins Elcimar Simão
Published: April 2018

Este artigo resultou de uma pesquisa documental cujo objeto consistiu em teses de doutorado do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), no triênio 2013 a 2015, que se utilizaram da abordagem qualitativa. O artigo discute fundamentos e concepções da pesquisa qualitativa, bem como o delineamento do percurso investigativo dos trabalhos analisados. As teses foram coletadas por meio da internet através da Biblioteca Digital Teses e Dissertações (BDTD). Primeiramente, obtivemos todos os trabalhos defendidos no período 2013 a 2015; em seguida, identificamos as abordagens metodológicas concernentes à classificação: qualitativa, quantitativa e mista (quali-quanti). Posteriormente, selecionamos os trabalhos com abordagem qualitativa para leitura dos resumos e dos capítulos metodológicos nos casos da existência de ambas as dimensões. Os resultados evidenciaram que as pesquisas qualitativas partem da problemática cotidiana dos pesquisadores. Constituem-se de temáticas variadas e contemporâneas. A investigação possibilitou a identificação de trabalhos com a seguinte estrutura metodológica: i) metodologia contemplada somente no capítulo metodológico; ii) metodologia mencionada no resumo e no capítulo metodológico; iii) atendem aos dois últimos requisitos e também mencionam no corpo do texto; iv) em menor quantidade, foram analisadas teses, que apresentaram maior índice de fragilidade na estrutura metodológica.
INDICAÇÕES DO MAGISTÉRIO SOBRE A FORMAÇÃO SACERDOTAL
Authors: Lima Bruno Dias de , Pereira Rodrigo Rêmulo Leite , Chagas Antonio Marcos , Assunção Rudy Albino de
Published: April 2018

A vocação sacerdotal, parte fundamental da vida da Igreja, é objeto desse artigo. Os documentos abordados oferecem as bases de uma formação ao presbiterato unitária e integrada. A meta da formação, por meio das dimensões humana, espiritual, intelectual e pastoral, bem como das etapas definidas como inicial e permanente, acontecem enquanto discipulado, na perspectiva da configuração a Cristo.
The WAN-IFRA discourse: advice, application, and disqualification of organisational models in media
Authors: Langonné Joël , Prodhomme Magali
Published: April 2018

Among the multiple exhortations made on the liberating - even saviour-type - role of the digital era over the past ten years in the field of journalism, one constant has remained: criticism of managerial models and dialectic of economic ones in the media which have defined the spheres of action, resulting in these discourses without ever sealing their fate. A fate that for several years now has been marked by a process in which journalists are being cast aside in favour of a managerial standpoint that broadly integrates 'convergence' as a tool of governance. This paper aims to question (as one of many mediations instituting convergence as a structuring model) WAN-IFRA's discursive and ideological materiality. This international organisation of newspapers and news publishers has set its sights on convincing the print media of the necessity to switching to multiformat; to convergence. This work investigates the stability and/or instability of the WAN-IFRA discourse, as well as its ability to absorb other discourses. Lastly, through a cloud of prescriptive discourse it will indicate those discourses enforced by some managers in the media business.
Journalism, social networks and global occupation movements: a systemic crisis in the contemporary semiosphere
Authors: De Oliveira Felipe Moura , Henn Ronaldo
Published: April 2018

his article ponders the tension created in journalism by the emergence of social networks in the processes of the social construction of reality. The focuses are the events kindled by the Indignados movement in Spain in 2012, during the “25S” protests, which called for a new constituent assembly. Waiter Alberto Casillas stole the scene by facing police truculence, and that had a great repercussion in the networks, attracting the attention of international journalism. There are two points of view which, when compared, lead to a possible synthesis about this moment of crisis: 1) the way journalism presents the events; 2) the possibilities and implications offered by the networks to the more ample dynamics of journalism. C. S. Peirce’s concept of semiosis is the basis of the reflective effort, along with a systemic view inspired by the Semiotics of Culture – especially as in Yuri Lotman. It is postulated that in the contemporary semiosphere, in which complex processes of semiosis set off by events from the chaotic reality are unfolded, journalism has to review its practices, under pain of losing the legitimacy it has acquired throughout history as a mediator of a certain kind of knowledge.
Journalistic identity and audience perceptions: paradigm and models under construction in the African Great Lakes region
Authors: Frère Marie-Soleil
Published: April 2018

This article is based on a research conducted in three African countries (Burundi, Rwanda and the Democratic Republic of the Congo), focusing on the recent evolution of the journalistic profession and the way journalists are perceived today and represented by members of the audience polled in five localities of the region. In the last twenty years, journalism has been deeply transformed, following the liberalization of the media sector, on one hand, and the murderous civil wars which marked the three countries on the other hand. New formats and new roles have appeared for the media, as well as new professional standards for journalists (codes of ethics, regulations from regulatory authorities, journalists education and training curricula, professional associations), often encouraged by foreign donors and international NGOs. This paper aims at showing that, behind these changes, a new « journalistic paradigm » has taken shape, a consequence of both internal dynamics within the profession and external assignments (imposed by the State and the evolution of the market), and also of new demands emanating from the public. In an unstable political, economic and security context, the changes of the journalistic paradigm have transfigured media content, as well as the perception by the local public of the role that journalists have to play in society, and of what the citizens may expect from them, in a region where democracy is still widely under construction.
Manipulation, professional practices and deontology in informational photography: identifying new parameters
Authors: Munhoz Paulo
Published: April 2018

This paper investigates impacts of digital technologies on photographic post-production and image manipulation in information photography. An attempt is made to assess the extent to which ethical codes and conventions are being modified concerning the digital treatment of photographic images. We sought to assess whether one can identify, in the rules of photographic competitions, an embryonic process of establishment of new boundaries as to what constitutes content manipulation and what is acceptable as technical adjustments.  We observed that, in a large proportion of cases, competition rules consist of very generic guidelines regarding the acceptable procedures for photo editing, without clear distinctions between technical adjustment and manipulation. Despite such limitations, we conclude that the analysis of photographic competitions can lead to identification of observable regularities that may act as ethical standards in relation to post-production images.
The press theories of late liberalism
Authors: Rüdiger Francisco Rüdiger
Published: April 2018

The transformations undergone by the press around 1900 gave rise to a revaluation of its meaning and its theoretical grounds from the point of view of their liberal interpreters. The collapse of political and doctrinaire journalism resulting from this event was at first object of assimilation by those intellectuals, thought a restructuration of their theories. After 1918, however, the agenda of discussions about the press migrated from the field of the public opinion modeling to that of the manipulation of consciousness of the masses. The liberal theories suffered an eclipse, which has subordinated the old figure of the press to the new concept of propaganda. This paper reports and evaluates the historical peculiarities of this process, analyzing the ideas of Frank Taylor, Emil Löbl, Wilhelm Bauer, Karl Kraus and Henry Mencken.
The Political Scandal as a Narrative Experience
Authors: Prior Hélder
Published: April 2018

The work on the political scandal as a narrative experience seeks to address the relationship between the field of journalism and the narratological categories. We will try to establish a theoretical and conceptual framework of analysis of the media-political scandal, considering the media role in the reconfiguration of the event into intelligible intrigues to the reader. From our point of view, the political scandals are complex narratives that develop in the press, and may be interpreted as "stories" that have a plot, major and minor episodes, characters, and meaning effects inherent to the "plastic work" of the medium in the moment of converting the phenomenon into a media experience. In the final part, we offer the reader a theoretical and conceptual schema of hermeneutic and pragmatic deconstruction of the media scandal, putting in evidence the significant value of scandal and the aesthetics component that it reveals.
Suffering Body: narrative tensions for a politics of the images in photojournalism
Authors: Biondi Angie , Marques Ângela Cristina Salgueiro
Published: April 2018

The aims of this article is to identify the elements that make the photographic image a narrative space that operates cultural codes that encloses their repertoire in order to compose interactional ways that define the experience of seeing suffering. We assume that the suffering body brought by the journalistic photograph, in the images here analyzed, do not really implies exploring forms of submission of the look to compassion, but invites to search some indications of resistance, subjectivation and revelations that can evidence how people photographed find ways to difficult the elaboration of subtitles to their faces and bodies creating dissonances and dissensus between their “appearance” and the narrative register (visual and verbal) of its exposition.
Multimodal Approach for Automatic Emotion Recognition Applied to the Tension Levels Study in TV Newscasts
Authors: Pereira Moisés Henrique Ramos , Pádua Flávio Luis Cardeal , Silva Giani David
Published: April 2018

This article addresses a multimodal approach to automatic emotion recognition in participants of TV newscasts (presenters, reporters, commentators and others) able to assist the tension levels study in narratives of events in this television genre. The methodology applies state-of-the-art computational methods to process and analyze facial expressions, as well as speech signals. The proposed approach contributes to semiodiscoursive study of TV newscasts and their enunciative praxis, assisting, for example, the identification of the communication strategy of these programs. To evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed approach was applied it in a video related to a report displayed on a Brazilian TV newscast great popularity in the state of Minas Gerais. The experimental results are promising on the recognition of emotions on the facial expressions of tele journalists and are in accordance with the distribution of audiovisual indicators extracted over a TV newscast, demonstrating the potential of the approach to support the TV journalistic discourse analysis.This article addresses a multimodal approach to automatic emotion recognition in participants of TV newscasts (presenters, reporters, commentators and others) able to assist the tension levels study in narratives of events in this television genre. The methodology applies state-of-the-art computational methods to process and analyze facial expressions, as well as speech signals. The proposed approach contributes to semiodiscoursive study of TV newscasts and their enunciative praxis, assisting, for example, the identification of the communication strategy of these programs. To evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed approach was applied it in a video related to a report displayed on a Brazilian TV newscast great popularity in the state of Minas Gerais. The experimental results are promising on the recognition of emotions on the facial expressions of tele journalists and are in accordance with the distribution of audiovisual indicators extracted over a TV newscast, demonstrating the potential of the approach to support the TV journalistic discourse analysis.
Journalism Discourse and the narrative of resistance
Authors: Resende Fernando
Published: April 2018

This paper aims at reﬂ ecting upon journalistic narratives. The text is intended to carry out the task of reinventing the past, for the purpose of enlarging the notion one has concerning the narrative possibilities in the journalistic ﬁ eld. The relation between the process of cultural modernization and the history of formation of the journalistic discourse in Brazil somehow makes explicit the predominance of a journalistic way of narrating that has been regulated almost exclusively at a technical level. In this particular matter, learning about the journalistic discourse in its historical perspective and attempting to analyze the so-called “narratives of resistance” complement the purpose, since that aims at the identiﬁ cation and acknowledgement of the co-existence and intertwinement of narrative diversity in the contemporary journalistic discourse.
Journalism as a Form of Knowledge: a qualitative approach
Authors: Meditsch Eduardo
Published: April 2018

This article discusses journalism from an epistemological perspective. It reviews some of the main approaches to the subject and verifies that those studies classify journalism as a form of knowledge either in a negative way, or in quantitative terms. The present study presents theoretical assumptions that support a qualitative approach. It evaluates the characteristics, problems and effects of journalism as knowledge. It concludes that it is highly pertinent that journalism be viewed as a social form of knowledge production.
Convergence vs. diversity: rethinking the quality of TV news
Authors: Becker Beatriz
Published: April 2018

Wider audience participation, the hybridization of genres and formats, and transmediality, are the main features of today´s communication processes. Convergence influences journalistic practice and imposes new ways of doing and thinking about television broadcasting. TV newscasts are still the highest-impact information products in the world. However, watching TV and accessing the internet are activities that are increasingly intertwined. The purpose of this study is to identify effects of the use of digital tools on the construction of the news and to verify whether they contribute to a higher quality audiovisual journalism and to a new way of writing the daily social experience. This study will present the results of a quantitative and qualitative analysis of the news of two vehicles of: the main private Brazilian communication group: Globo; the local television newscast RJTV; and the news portal G1. This paper featured in the Journalism Research and Education section, at the International Association of Media and Communication Research- IAMCR, Durban, South Africa, 2012.
The journalist in research and art
Authors: Marocco Beatriz
Published: April 2018

The journalist has been the subject of arts and sciences. By this insertion in the theme of the panel “Settings and perspectives of journalism research in Brazil in dialogue with Latin American studies in journalism”, held at the meeting of Brazilian Association of Journalism Researchers, SBPJor (Curitiba, November 10th 2012) I recognized that the academic sphere outlines two types of action: network researching in different countries and regions of the world, with the participation of Latin American countries in collaborative research; and research projects with other collaboration bases. Both modalities dialogue with the production of movies and literature – which makes visible the professional's great power for plots and tensions.
Between bits and dollars: challenges for financing contemporary photojournalism
Authors: Da Silva Júnior José Afonso , Peixoto João Guilherme de Melo
Published: April 2018

Photojournalism is currently undergoing the largest set of changes to its productive chain since its incorporation to digital and network processes. These changes affect the means of production, edition and circulation of content and create new challenges and purposes for the activity. In this study, we have found that going beyond ontological issues, aspects related to economics and funding of photojournalism are also changing. As a method of analysis, we compare the possibilities on this framework to the traditional model used by newspapers and magazines, at a time we can call pre-convergent photojournalism. Additionally, we aim to point out the main alternatives to these trends.
Critical journalism: the progressive” Brazilian bloggers case
Authors: Guazina Liziane Soares
Published: April 2018

This paper aims at understanding what comprises the professional identity of a well-known group of experienced Brazilian journalists who, at the same time, express their political opinion in independent blogs and define themselves as “progressive” or “dirty”. Our objective is to understand how these bloggers define and practice journalism in their blogs and how they view their work in a democratic context. Through various interviews, we mapped out their main journalistic values and described their professional identity as blogger journalists who advocate critical journalism, in other words, opinionated journalism. The results showed that these journalists consider their blogs to be a place for a wide range of opinions against traditional media, and that their main job as online journalists is to be vigilant in relation to political powers, including the media which is seen as an important and relevant political actor in Brazil.
PELEMBAGAAN KARAKTER TOLERANSI SISWA MELALUI PROGRAM PENDIDIKAN BERKARAKTER PURWAKARTA
Authors: Abiyuna Taufan , Sapriya Sapriya
Published: April 2018

Pendidikan toleransi merupakan upaya edukasi bagi warga negara agar mampu hidup bersama dalam keberagaman untuk menyelesaikan masalah yang berkaitan dengan potensi disintegrasi bangsa Indonesia. Purwakarta merupakan salah satu daerah kabupaten di Jawa Barat yang menyadari pentingnya toleransi dalam pendidikan formal. Maka pemerintah Purwakarta mengeluarkan program Pendidikan Berkarakter yang ditandai dengan Peraturan Bupati Nomor 69 Tahun 2015 sebagai upaya pelembagaan toleransi siswa. SMP Negeri 1 Purwakarta sebagai penyelenggara pendidikan formal menjadi tempat yang mengimplementasikan Pendidikan berkarakter untuk melembagakan nilai-nilai toleransi bagi siswanya yang beragam. Program ini diimplementasikan dalam tiga basis yaitu dalam pembelajaran di kelas, dalam ekstrakurikuler, dan dalam pembiasaan sekolah.

 
PERAN PENDIDIKAN KEWARGANEGARAAN DALAM MEMBANGUN WARGA NEGARA GLOBAL
Authors: Asyafiq Sutrisno
Published: April 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gagasan pendidikan kewarganegaraan global serta peran pendidikan kewarganegaraan dalam membangun warga negara global. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian studi literatur yang menganalisis berbagai teori tentang kewarganegaraan global dan pendidikan kewarganegaraan yang ada di Indonesia. Berdasarkan hasi penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Warga negara global merupakan bentuk pelaksanaan sistem kewarganegaraan yang mencangkup beberapa hak dan kewajiban dasar warga negara secara global. Warga negara global tentu harus disiapkan secara langsung khusunya pada jenjang sekolah dasar maupun sekolah menengah bahkan sampai perguruan tinggi. Melalui proses pendidikan kewarganegaraan yang diajarkan diharapkan mampu menstranformasikan nilai-nilai dasar warga negara global dalam berkehidupan  bermasyarakat dan bernegara. Sehingga akan mampu menyelesaikan berbagai permasalahan maupuan konflik serta isu-isu yang terjadi secara global
As várias dimensões da crise mundial: tendências gerais
Authors: Mariutti Eduardo Barros
Published: April 2018

O intuito básico deste artigo é apresentar um quadro sintético das grandes linhas de força que moldaram a conjuntura que se seguiu à eclosão da crise econômica geral, deflagrada em 2007 e definitivamente consolidada em 2008. O centro da análise repousa nas características peculiares da preponderância dos EUA, conjugadas às tensões no interior da sociedade americana e seus efeitos sobre a economia política internacional. Para tanto, o artigo discute: i) os fundamentos militares do poder internacional dos EUA; ii) a simbiose entre as bases militares e o poder financeiro dos EUA, que se intensificou desde 1970; iii) o impacto que esta articulação exerceu sobre a sociedade estadunidense; iv) as contradições inerentes a esse modelo, e suas implicações para a governança internacional.
Bayesian Multilevel Latent Class Models for the Multiple Imputation of Nested Categorical Data
Authors: Vidotto Davide , Vermunt Jeroen K. , van Deun Katrijn
Published: April 2018

With this article, we propose using a Bayesian multilevel latent class (BMLC; or mixture) model for the multiple imputation of nested categorical data. Unlike recently developed methods that can only pick up associations between pairs of variables, the multilevel mixture model we propose is flexible enough to automatically deal with complex interactions in the joint distribution of the variables to be estimated. After formally introducing the model and showing how it can be implemented, we carry out a simulation study and a real-data study in order to assess its performance and compare it with the commonly used listwise deletion and an available R-routine. Results indicate that the BMLC model is able to recover unbiased parameter estimates of the analysis models considered in our studies, as well as to correctly reflect the uncertainty due to missing data, outperforming the competing methods.
Power System Stabilizer PSS4B Model for Iraqi National Grid using PSS/E Software
Authors: Habbi Hanan Mikhael , Alhamadani Ahmed
Published: April 2018

To damp the low-frequency oscillations which occurred due to the disturbances in the electrical power system, the generators are equipped with Power System Stabilizer (PSS) that provide supplementary feedback stabilizing signals. The low-frequency oscillations in power system are classified as local mode oscillations, intra-area mode oscillation, and interarea mode oscillations. Double input multiband Power system stabilizers (PSSs) were used to damp out low-frequency oscillations in power system. Among dual-input PSSs, PSS4B offers superior transient performance. Power system simulator for engineering (PSS/E) software was adopted to test and evaluate the dynamic performance of PSS4B model on Iraqi national grid. The results showed that after installing the PSS in a specific plant the oscillation of rotor angle, bus frequency, speed, power flow is better than without PSS during the disturbances that occurred during the simulations.  All the PSS/E simulation and tests were done in the National dispatch center (NDC) laboratory, Ministry of Electricity.
Design of an Optimal Integral Backstepping Controller for a Quadcopter
Authors: Saud Laith Jasim , Hasan Alaq Falah
Published: April 2018

In this paper, an Integral Backstepping Controller (IBC) is designed and optimized for full control, of rotational and translational dynamics, of an unmanned Quadcopter (QC). Before designing the controller, a mathematical model for the QC is developed in a form appropriate for the IBC design. Due to the underactuated property of the QC, it is possible to control the QC Cartesian positions (X, Y, and Z) and the yaw angle through ordering the desired values for them. As for the pitch and roll angles, they are generated by the position controllers. Backstepping Controller (BC) is a practical nonlinear control scheme based on Lyapunov design approach, which can, therefore, guarantee the convergence of the position tracking error to zero. To improve controller capability in the steady state against disturbances, an integral action is used with the BC. To determine the optimal values of the IBC parameters, the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) is used. In the algorithm, the controller parameters are computed by minimizing a cost function that depends on the Integral Time Absolute Error (ITAE) performance index.

Finally, different numerical simulations are provided in order to illustrate the performances of the designed controller. And for comparison purposes, a PID controller is designed and optimized using the PSO to control the quadcopter. The obtainediresults indicated a superiority in performance for the IBC over the PID controller based on some points among which are: a 13.3% and 30.5% lesser settling times for X and Y consequently, the ability to perform critical maneuvers that the quadcopter failed to do using the PID controller, and the capability of fast following up and conforming the changes of pitch (
Long term Urological complications in patients with Spinal cord injury
Authors: Thapa Bikash Bikram , Shrestha Dhan Bahadur , Thapa Naryan , Bhandari Bharat Bahadur
Published: April 2018

Introduction: Neurogenic bladder (NGB) is common in daily urological practice; however, information on types of urological complications encountered in army and veterans are not under strict surveillance and little is known to them about the best way to manage the condition. This observational study aimed to determine the types of urological complications encountered in regular soldiers and veterans with traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) with NGB, and the usage of bladder management programs to deal with NGB.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the charts and records of interviewed patients with SCI in our urology clinic. Demographic data collected included: age, gender, mode of injury and level of spinal injury. Also noted were episodes of urinary tract infection (UTI), renal lesions, and bladder program followed.

Results: The mean age of our study sample (N= 63) was 40± 10.8 years and all were male. Age at onset of injury was 33.8 ± 16.6 years and duration since SCI insult was 90.6 ± 54 months. Symptomatic urinary tract infection (75%), chronic cystitis (53.3%), hydro-nephrosis (36.5%) and urinary bladder calculi (33.3%) were the common urological lesion observed.  Indwelling Foley’s catheterization methods of urinary bladder management in 54% study population where urinary tract infection is more common (p<0.05).

Conclusion: Urinary tract infection, hydro-nephrosis and Urinary bladder calculi were the most common urological complications encountered in army and veterans with NGB. Indwelling Foley’s catheter was the most frequently used bladder management program with the higher risk for UTI.

Key words: Neurogenic bladder, Spinal cord injury, Urinary tract infection, Nepal, Army
Effect of Age, Gender, Side and Impaction Types on Surgical Difficulty During Mandibular Third Molar Extraction.
Authors: Bhuju Krishna Gopal , Shrestha Sujita , Karki Riwaj , Aryal Sameer
Published: April 2018

Aim: To study the effect of age, gender, side and impaction types on surgical difficulty during mandibular third molar extraction through the data collected over a period of one year by single maxillofacial surgeon. All the extractions were performed under the same environment and conditions.

Methods: Descriptive clinical study of 401 patients was carried out between the ages of 16 to 45years. Age, gender, impaction side and impaction types (according to the winter classification) were recorded on proforma. Duration of surgery for each patient was recorded after starting incision to the completion of suture which was divided into less than 10 minutes (mild), 11 to 20 minutes (moderate) and above 21 minutes (severe). Pearson’s Chi-square test was used for data analysis and significance level was less than or equal to 0.05.

Results: Among 401 participants, 225 (56.1%) were male and 176 (43.9%) were female. Mean age was 31.5 years and mean operation time was 17.59 minutes. After statistical analysis there was a significant correlation among gender and side of impaction where p value is 0.043 0.048 respectively.

Conclusion: There is a statistically significant correlation between gender and side of impaction with duration of surgery which is considered as the objective measure of surgical difficulty whereas age and impaction types didn’t show any significant correlation. 
Suturing Working Class Subjectivities: Media Mobilizing Project and the Role of Media Building a Class-Based Social Movement
Authors: Funke Peter , Robe Chris , Wolfson Todd
Published: April 2018

Due to the increasingly atomized, isolated nature of social life, as well as the apparent splintering of the working class under neoliberal capitalism, media serve a pivotal infrastructural function for generating the necessary commonality between the fractured sectors of the contemporary working class. This article ethnographically and textually examines how the media driven practices of the Philadelphia-based Media Mobilizing Project helps collectively suture fragmented groups of workers into a class formation that begins to resist and challenge the hegemony of neoliberal practices. As our detailed analysis of MMP’s 2007 to 2009 montage reels show, MMP videos serve the primary purpose of fostering class alliances not only through their viewing, but also, and perhaps more importantly, through their making. As such, we do not consider media in general and the MMP videos in particular as an endpoint unto themselves, but instead as catalysts for further organization building and the renewed suturing of the multiple components of what we understand as a contemporary urban working class. Through a host of old and new media platforms (radio, video, web) MMP works with different segments of the neoliberal working class, such as immigrants, urban youth, and low-wage workers, to create a class identity at the local and regional level.
Reconsidering Social Dynamics: Fundamentality and Social Simulations
Authors: Katerelos Ioannis , Tsekeris Charalambos
Published: April 2018

We live in a ceaselessly changing and inescapably dynamic social world. Given the inherent unpredictability of human complex systems, this brief article seeks to show that agent-based social simulations can possibly approach the ideal of a fundamental law of social dynamics, including all forms or processes of social dynamics, articulated with everyday life and action, individual or collective. This ultimately tends to recover the explanatory potential of social networks and offer an efficient research basis for the creative re-conceptualization of social dynamics.
Understanding Accumulation: The Relevance of Marx’s Theory of Primitive Accumulation in Media and Communication Studies
Authors: Ekman Mattias
Published: April 2018

The aim of this article is to discuss and use Marx’s theory on primitive accumulation, outlined in the first volume of Capital, in relation to media and communication research. In order to develop Marx’s argument the discussion is revitalized through Harvey’s concept of accumulation by dispossession. The article focuses on two different fields within media and communication research where the concept of accumulation by dispossession is applicable. First, the role of news media content, news flows and news media systems are discussed in relation to social mobilization against capitalism, privatizations, and the financial sector. Second, Marx’s theory is used to examine how communication in Web 2.0 and the development of ICTs could advance the processes of capital accumulation by appropriating the work performed by users of Web 2.0 and by increasing the corporate surveillance of Internet users. In conclusion, by analyzing how primitive accumulation is intertwined with contemporary expanded reproduction of capital, the article shows that Marx’s theory can contribute to critical media and communication research in several ways.
“Feminism” as Ideology: Sarah Palin’s Anti-feminist Feminism and Ideology Critique
Authors: Rodino-Colocino Michelle
Published: April 2018

The point of this essay is threefold: to describe the main tenets of Marx’s theory of ideology by critically engaging in the work of Marx and Engels, to flesh out the claim that Sarah Palin’s  “feminism” works ideologically as Marx and Engels describe, and consequently, to demonstrate that ideology critique is important intellectual work for feminist Marxist scholars. As I suggest in the conclusion, this is work that should inform scholars’ political activism.
“Means of Communication as Means of Production” Revisited
Authors: Hebblewhite William Henning James
Published: April 2018

This paper seeks to examine the claim made by Raymond Williams that the means of communication are a means of production. While agreeing with the central claim by Williams, the paper argues that the model which Williams’ represents this claim with is insufficiently realized. By looking at the work of Marx and Althusser in relation to this claim, we suggest a new conceptual tool to actualize Williams’ claims.
Do We Need a Global Brain?
Authors: Sliwa Jan
Published: April 2018

The new trend of Pervasive Computing, based on massively deployed wireless sensor and actor networks, will enable gathering data about the world with an unprecedented accuracy and influencing it. Among many application fields, health support system will permit to measure and transmit the vital health parameters and to exert externally controlled actions on the human body. Such systems provide evident benefits, but also pose great new risks of misuse by totalitarian governments or criminals. Also “good” governments, in their effort to improve the lives of the citizens, may be tempted to rectify their conduct beyond their will and to enforce it with new means of total surveillance. This Global Brain, controlled by authorities advised by experts, too complex to be overseen by the general public, may lead to a revival of the Plato’s Rule of the Philosophers, a Brave New World where democracy is just an empty shell.
Mind, Matter, Meaning and Information
Authors: Faichney Robin
Published: April 2018

This article aims to show how mind, matter and meaning might be united in one theory using certain concepts of information, building on ideas of empathy and intentionality. The concept of intentionality in philosophy of mind (“aboutness”), which is “the ineliminable mark of the mental” according to Brentano, can be viewed as the relationship between model and object, and empathy can be viewed as a form of mental modelling, so that the inclination to attribute mentality can be identified with the inclination to empathise with the relevant entity. Physical information, a concept quite well established within the discipline of physics, is basically a reconceptualization of material form. Daniel Dennett's concept of the intentional stance allows the development of a concept of “intentional information,” a broad term that encompasses mental content and semantic information generally, as encoded within physical information/material form.
Information and the Transformation of Sociology: Interactivity and Social Media Monitoring
Authors: Mackay Hugh
Published: April 2018

This paper explores some key ways in which the scale and form of information today challenges sociology’s methods and practice. Information has shaped sociology in two key ways. First, it has become an object of study, largely in the form of accounts of ‘the information society’. This paper argues that interactivity is a key element of such changes, albeit a notion has not been a major focus of information society theorists. The second way in which sociology is being transformed by the growth of information is that, with the growth of huge volumes of commercial transactional information, social information is no longer the preserve of sociologists. Moreover, new tools have emerged to challenge the research methods that lie at the heart of sociology. Linking the growth of interactivity with new forms of data and research tools, this paper discusses the case of the BBC World Service’s use of social media monitoring tools. The paper concludes by arguing that the vast amount of available information affords new possibilities for sociologists as well as for the organisations that collect it.
At the Turning Point of the Current Techno-Economic Paradigm: Commons-Based Peer Production, Desktop Manufacturing and the Role of Civil Society in the Perezian Framework
Authors: Kostakis Vasilis
Published: April 2018

Following the theory of techno-economic paradigm shifts (TEPS), this paper calls attention to the phenomenon of Commons-based peer production (CBPP). In the context of the current paradigm, it argues that civil society can play an important role in creating favourable conditions for a more sustainable global knowledge society. Approaching tentatively the ways in which 3D printing and other desktop manufacturing technologies can be used in CBPP, it also explores the ways in which the partnership with the state may provide a supportive innovative institutional basis for taking the maximum advantage of the emerging synergies in the vein of TEPS theory.
Becoming Editor: Or, Pinocchio finally notices the Strings
Authors: Parker Martin
Published: April 2018

This paper uses my experience as an academic journal editor in order to reflect upon the social arrangement that brings academics, universities, states and knowledge capitalist organizations together to produce the contemporary academic journal and access paywalls. After some consideration of the history of publishing, I analyse the market for articles like this one, and considerthe consequences of the ranking and monetization of journals, papers andcitations by different agents. As I do this, I insert various biographical reflections on the relationship between ‘editing’ and being ‘edited’. The overall aim of the paper is to suggest that this set-up actually has some verynegative consequences for taxpayers, academics and students. It encourages the overproduction of academic output because it turns it into a commodity which is traded, whilst simultaneously tending to discourage forms of knowledge production that fail to fit into the boxes which have already been establishedfor them, whether in terms of content or style. I conclude with some thoughts on open access journals, and their limits.
Openness, Libraries and Political Transformation
Authors: Hamann Nikolaus
Published: April 2018

Since mankind developed written documents, libraries have been the places where information and knowledge have been stored. At the same time there have always been struggles about the access to information and knowledge. Within a digitized world libraries have to re-define their position. The demand for access for all, made by scientists and researchers as well as the public, presents libraries with a new challenge. This article tries to show how libraries can meet that challenge, what requirements they need to be successful, and where the limits are within bourgeois society.
From Sustainable Publishing To Resilient Communications
Authors: Ottina David
Published: April 2018

In their opening reflection on Open Access (OA) in this special section, Fuchs and Sandoval (2013) argue the current policy debate on Open Access publishing is limited by a for-profit bias which blinds it to much of the most innovative activity in Open Access. They further argue for a refocusing of the policy debate within a public service, commons based perspective of academic knowledge production. I pick up these themes by looking at another key term, sustainable publishing, in an effort to contextualize the policy debate on OA within the broader context of the privatization of the university. From this perspective, the policy debate reveals an essential tension between top-down and bottom-up cultures in legitimizing knowledge. This is a tension that has profound implications for scholarly practices mediated through digital networked communications.  Explicitly acknowledging this fundamental tension gives additional insight into formulating strategies for maintaining an academic culture of free and open inquiry. I suggest that the frame of resilient communications expresses the dynamic nature of scholarly communications better than that of sustainable publishing, and that empowering scholars through practice-based OA initiatives is essential in broadening grass roots support for equitable Open Access amongst scholars.