bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estimativa da correção do coeficiente de retorno de esgoto sanitário em habitações com sistemas de aproveitamento de água pluvial: estudo de caso da cidade de Bauru, SP
Authors: Moruzzi Rodrigo Braga , Leão Cintia Loturco Pinheiro
Published: March 2019

RESUMO O coeficiente de retorno (f) da rede coletora de esgoto, que apresenta quociente dado pelos volumes água/esgoto micromedidos, é empregado no projeto e na gestão do sistema de coleta de esgoto sanitário. As fontes de suprimento de água alternativas, tais como águas de reúso e de aproveitamento pluvial, não estão contempladas por f. O presente artigo teve o objetivo de aplicar metodologias para avaliar o potencial do lançamento de água pluvial no sistema de coleta e transporte de esgoto sanitário por meio de práticas de aproveitamento, na cidade de Bauru/SP. As variáveis de interesse foram parametrizadas utilizando o número de habitantes. Foi usado procedimento amostral para a determinação das áreas de telhado disponíveis. Os resultados apontam para correções de f (f corrigido ) na faixa de 0,86 e 1,14.
Estado da arte dos aterros de resíduos sólidos urbanos que aproveitam o biogás para geração de energia elétrica e biometano no Brasil
Authors: Nascimento Maria Cândida Barbosa , Freire Elcires Pimenta , Dantas Francisco de Assis Souza , Giansante Miguel Bortoletto
Published: March 2019

RESUMO O aproveitamento do biogás gerado a partir da decomposição da matéria orgânica dos resíduos sólidos urbanos (RSU), além de ser uma fonte renovável de energia, também contribui com a redução do lançamento de metano e do dióxido de carbono (CO2) na atmosfera, que são importantes gases de efeito estufa (GEE). No entanto, o biogás é pouco explorado no país e seu potencial continua sendo controverso, principalmente devido às diferentes metodologias de avaliação adotadas. A pesquisa realizada mostra que, entre 2004 e 2015, foram implantadas nos aterros de resíduos do País somente 9 usinas termelétricas, que juntas geram 86,3 MW de energia elétrica, e duas usinas que produzem biometano. Considerando as estimativas existentes, o Brasil explora somente de 7 a 20% do biogás produzido nos aterros de resíduos para fins energéticos.
Painéis de partículas elaborados do mesocarpo do dendê como alternativa ao MDF utilizado na construção civil
Authors: Fernandes Cristiane do Nascimento , Pinto Isabelly Christiny Monteiro de Souza , Saraiva Raísse Layane de Paula , Araújo Júnior Celso Pires de , Cabral Antonio Eduardo Bezerra , Rosa Morsyleide de Freitas
Published: March 2019

RESUMO A escassez dos recursos florestais integrada à necessidade de aquisição de produtos mais ecológicos demanda o uso de outros tipos de biomassa, além da madeira no setor construtivo. Diante disso, o mesocarpo do dendê - resíduo oriundo da agroindústria e com grande potencial de utilização para desenvolvimento de novos materiais - surge como alternativa na elaboração de painéis lignocelulósicos em substituição ao MDF (medium density fiberboard) convencionalmente utilizado. Dessa forma, o presente trabalho demonstrou a viabilidade da produção e a integridade estrutural desse tipo de painel na fabricação de elementos construtivos a serem empregados na construção civil, mediante estudo comparativo entre suas propriedades com as de painéis de MDF. A metodologia consistiu na realização de ensaios de caracterização dos painéis, por meio da determinação de suas propriedades físicas (absorção de água, inchamento e densidade) e mecânicas (resistência à flexão e módulo de elasticidade), além da morfologia dos painéis produzidos, mediante a técnica de microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV), análise química (por meio do espectro de infravermelho com transformada de Fourier) e térmica, por meio de curvas termogravimétricas e derivada. Dos resultados obtidos, tem-se que a produção desses painéis sem aglutinantes, obtidos pela incorporação do mesocarpo de dendê, agrega valor à cadeia produtiva do dendê, além de surgir como alternativa aos desafios inerentes à produção tradicional dos painéis de madeira e, consequentemente, como opção de elemento construtivo a ser integrado à construção civil.
Estudio de caso del rendimiento académico en materias tecnológicas: la orientación de género
Authors: Cadavieco Javier Fombona , Gutiérrez Fernando Aragón , Sevillano María Ángeles Pascual
Published: March 2019

Resumen Tradicionalmente la ciencia y tecnología se vinculaban a los estudiantes masculinos y, aunque es una división superada en determinados lugares, las investigaciones relacionadas sobre la cuestión de género siguen siendo motivo de especial interés por su trascendencia social. Este trabajo analiza las diferencias de rendimiento académico en determinadas materias en el nivel educativo de enseñanza secundaria, en un caso en España, donde una muestra de estudiantes revela un dominio interdisciplinar del rendimiento de las chicas sobre los chicos. Aunque actualmente no existen materias específicamente para hombres o mujeres, se detectan diferencias que serán significativas cuando estos alumnos aborden los estudios superiores de ingeniería. La contextualización científica ha destacado el peso del aspecto motivacional inicial en los estudiantes y los hallazgos específicos en este trabajo indican que la reducida decisión de seguir estudios superiores técnicos no correlaciona positivamente con los rendimientos académicos obtenidos en los niveles previos a la universidad. Es más, la acción educativa en enseñanzas medias reduce la diferencia en los resultados académicos de determinadas materias. A pesar de esta corriente igualitaria, las tendencias actuales se dirigen a un crecimiento limitado de las alumnas en estas especialidades formativas, y si partimos de una cantidad inicial de mujeres pequeña, es poco probable que se configuren como elemento dominante en las ingenierías.
El dominio de competencias transversales en Educación Superior en diferentes contextos formativos
Authors: Clares Pilar Martínez , Morga Natalia González
Published: March 2019

Resumen La alternancia de contextos en la formación universitaria alude a las múltiples experiencias académicas y profesionales que combinan los estudiantes a lo largo de su trayectoria universitaria y que pueden complementar la formación basada en competencias impartida en las aulas. Desde este trabajo se pretende indagar en el nivel de dominio del estudiante de grado en competencias transversales en relación a distintas variables curriculares (asistencia a clase, nota del expediente o horas de estudio a la semana) y extracurriculares (participación en actividades universitarias, becas de formación, investigación o movilidad, situación laboral). Para ello, han participado en la investigación 1137 estudiantes de último año de grado de las cinco ramas de conocimiento (Ciencias Sociales, Ciencias de la Salud, Ciencias Experimentales, Artes y Humanidades e Ingenierías), por medio de un cuestionario diseñado ad hoc. Entre los resultados destaca un dominio aceptable, aunque mejorable, de las competencias transversales en los futuros egresados, siendo la competencia más dominada el compromiso ético y social y el trabajo en equipo y la menos dominada, la lengua extranjera. Se constata una relación significativa y positiva entre la nota del expediente académico o las horas dedicadas al estudio con el incremento del nivel de dominio, de igual manera que con la alternancia de actividades universitarias, becas de formación, investigación o de movilidad y de trabajo durante la carrera. Estos resultados señalan las posibles líneas de actuación para potenciar la adquisición de las competencias transversales en las aulas universitarias y, en consecuencia, mejorar la empleabilidad de los egresados.
Valoración realizada por una profesora de la idoneidad de su clase de matemáticas
Authors: Morales-López Yuri , Moll Vicenç Font
Published: March 2019

Resumen Valorar la práctica docente es una tarea necesaria para mejorar los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje. El propósito de este estudio es analizar las valoraciones que realiza una docente de Matemáticas en servicio al observar en video la clase que implementó al enseñar el tema de función logarítmica en cuarto año de Educación Secundaria. Para esto, se realizó un estudio de casos con observación no participante. El diseño de investigación responde a un estudio de caso enmarcado en el Enfoque Ontosemiótico del conocimiento y la instrucción matemáticos. Dos protocolos de investigación fueron aplicados: 1) un análisis experto basado en el enfoque indicado para determinar prácticas, procesos y objetos matemáticos, y 2) una valoración de idoneidad didáctica. Las valoraciones realizadas fueron clasificadas a través de los criterios, componentes e indicadores de idoneidad didáctica propuestos por el modelo de Competencias y Conocimientos Didáctico-Matemáticos. Los análisis realizados muestran que las valoraciones de la docente enfatizan los criterios epistémico e interaccional y que tales valoraciones pueden ser clasificadas y organizadas mediante los criterios de idoneidad didáctica, sus componentes e indicadores. Además, la metodología empleada ofrece un aporte para los profesores que deseen reflexionar sobre la instrucción matemática que realizan y puede permitirle reconocer elementos y temas de mejora en su práctica educativa.
Efficacy of reminiscence in cognition, depressive symptoms and quality of life in institutionalized elderly: a systematic review
Authors: Gil Isabel , Costa Paulo , Parola Vítor , Cardoso Daniela , Almeida Maria , Apóstolo João
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACT Objective: To identify the best available evidence on the efficacy of Reminiscence Therapy in cognition, depressive symptoms and quality of life in elderly individuals with cognitive impairment. Method: The methodology proposed by the Joanna Briggs Institute was used. Studies focused on group Reminiscence Therapy aimed at institutionalized elderly people with cognitive impairment aged 65 or over were considered. The critical analysis, extraction and synthesis of results was performed by two independent researchers. Results: Four randomized clinical trials and two quasi-experimental studies (n=296) were included. Given the heterogeneous characteristics of studies found, it was impossible to perform a meta-analysis. Of the six studies included, two presented statistically significant results for efficacy in cognition, and three for efficacy in reducing depressive symptoms. In none of the studies was evaluated the elderly’s quality of life. Conclusion: Reminiscence Therapy has potential efficacy for maintaining cognition and decrease of depressive symptomatology in the target population.
Building criteria to evaluate qualitative research papers: a tool for peer reviewers
Authors: Costa António Pedro , Minayo Maria Cecília de Souza
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACT Objective: To present some criteria, many of which were created in the form of a checklist of items to be considered throughout the review process. Furthermore, we present a study whose main objective was to build (and validate) a review instrument by specialists that is clear, comprehensive, concise and consistent with the highest standards of excellence. Method: We use a survey to collect data (123 answers). To analyze the open answers we use the technique of content analysis through the Qualitative Data Analysis Software. Results: Besides the creation of new criteria with a focus on methodological dimensions based on 12 items, the involvement of the Ibero-American Congress on Qualitative Research scientific committee in the validation of this instrument. Conclusion: This option, in line with the others described, will allow to implement improvements to the editions of the events using the Qualitative Research Evaluation Tool in 2018.
REVISITING THE NATURE OF SITES OF MARTENSITE NUCLEATION DURING STEEL HARDENING
Authors: Pustovoit V. N. , Dolgachev Yu. V.
Published: March 2019

Presence of microvolumes most prepared for the martensite emergence in austenite is discussed. Aming many works dealing with martensitic transformations, rare works are devoted to the location of martensite origin. This aspect of transformation is important, since it allows us to obtain new knowledge about scenarios for γ  →  α transformation development during quenching of steel. The martensite embryos are submicron austenite volumes that are most prepared for phase transition and are characterized by increased energy. Experimental results were obtained by the methods of high-temperature metallography. Steel structure observed as a result of vacuum etching was studied, as well as the surface relief caused by shear during the martensitic transformation. The resulting structural patterns made it possible to observe most of the possible places for martensite emergence: nonmetallic inclusions, twins, high-angle and small-angle grain boundaries, previously formed martensite crystals, dislocations and elements of the disclination structure. It is shown that a high dislocation density is observed in the twin area, which facilitates nucleation of martensite as a result of disappearance of part of elastic energy of the dislocation when atoms inside the embryo are rearranged. When nucleation occurs on the grain boundaries, energy is released, which is used to construct a new interphase boundary and to compensate emerging elastic energy. The relative energy of the boundaries of different types was estimated by the method of multi-beam interferometry. The depth of the grooves that were formed on the surface by thermal etching was measured. Elements of disclination structure resulting from inhomogeneous deformation were observed, which are also sites of germinal centers formation. It is noted that nanoareas with ferromagnetic order, which are present in paramagnetic austenite, may not be observed with the help of the technique used in this work. However, magnetism plays a decisive role in realization of one or another scenario of the development of phase transformation in steels. Obtaining data on the interaction of ferromagnetic areas in austenite with each other, with crystal lattice defects, the magnetic field, and data on their lifetime, number and size is an important task for future research.
INFLUENCE OF B2O3 AND CaO–SiO2 –B2O3 –Al2O3 SLAG SYSTEM BASICITY ON CONCENTRATION OF MAGNESIUM OXIDE SATURATION
Authors: Babenko A. A. , Smetannikov A. N. , Zhuchkov V. I. , Upolovnikova A. G.
Published: March 2019

Study of the effect of boron oxide and basicity of CaO – SiO2–B2O3 – Al2O3slag system on MgO saturation concentration was carried out using the simplex lattice method of experimental design, which allows one to construct mathematical models describing dependence of studied property on composition as a continuous function. Synthetic slags, corresponding in composition to vertices of studied simplex, were smelted in graphite crucibles from previously calcined oxides of analytical grade. Slag compositions corresponding to the remaining points of local simplex plan were obtained by counterblending slags of simplex tops. Using experimental data, mathematical models adequately describing effect of slag composition on saturation concentration of MgO were constructed. Graphic image of mathematical modeling results is represented by the composition diagram – saturation concentration of MgO. Analysis of experimental data presented in diagram made it possible to obtain new information on the effect of boron oxide and basicity of CaO – SiO2 – B2O3slags system containing Al2O3on MgO saturation concentration. It was established that in slags formed in basicity range of 2  –  3 and B2O3content of 1  –  3  %, saturation concentration of MgO varies from 3 to 9  %. Increase in B2O3content in slag to 4  % leads to an increase in MgO saturation concentration in slag of 11  –  13  %. Displacement of slags to area of increased basicity up to 3  –  4 is characterized by a decrease in MgO saturation concentration to 2  –  5  %, with 1  –  3  % of В2О3content and an increase to 7  –  9  % at 3  –  4  % В2О3in slag. Formation of slags in basicity range of 4  –  5 and B2O3content of 1  –  3  % does not lead to a significant decrease in concentration of slag saturation with magnesium oxide. Saturation concentration of MgO in slag in this area of basicity varies from 2 to 4  % and practically does not reach 7  % with an increase in В2О3content to 4  %. At the same time, there is an increase in cost of steel due to an increase in consumption of lime and material containing boron oxide.
SOME THERMODYNAMIC ASPECTS OF WO3 REDUCTION BY ALUMINUM
Authors: Kryukov R. E. , Bendre Yu. V. , Goryushkin V. F. , Kozyrev N. A. , Shurupov V. M.
Published: March 2019

Technology of arc surfacing using flux cored wire, in which tungsten oxide (WO3) and aluminum are used as fillers, is of interest for practical application in order to save tungsten. Thermodynamic estimation of probability of 14 reactions between them under standard conditions was carried out using tabular thermodynamic data of reagents in temperature range 1500  –  3500  K. This interval includes temperature at the drop surface on the electrode at time of separation, so are temperatures at the arc periphery and in the upper layers of surfacing bath. The following states were considered as standard states for reagents: WO3(solid), WO3(liquid), WO3(gas); Al(ref), Al(liquid), Al(gas), Al2(gas), and as possible reaction products and standard states for them: W(ref), W(liquid), W(gas), Al2O3(solid), W; Al2O3(liquid), AlO(gas), AlO2(gas), Al2O(gas), Al2O2(gas). Reduction reactions of the oxide were recorded at 1 mole O2 . Probability of reactions was evaluated using standard Gibbs energy of reactions. Calculations were carried out in four stages. Aggregate states of oxide, metal and structure of aluminum vapor, in which oxide and metal have the greatest chemical affinity for each other were established on the first and second stages. At the third and fourth stages, the most probable state was determined for metallic tungsten and the most probable composition, and aggregate state of aluminum oxide formed as a result of alumothermy of Al2O3(solid, liquid); Al2O3(liquid); AlO(gas); AlO2(gas); Al2O(gas); Al2O2(gas). According to Al – W system state diagram, there are a number of intermediates between tungsten and aluminum: W2Al, WAl3 , WAl4 , WAl5 , WAl7 , WAl12 ; however, a search for thermodynamic properties for them shows that data are available only on melting pattern (congruent or in-congruent) and temperature of transformation. No other thermodynamic data. At the same time, based on results of our previous work on restoration of tungsten oxide by carbon and silicon, it can be predicted that aluminides of a free-frame will necessarily be formed. Performed thermodynamic analysis shows that presence in flux-cored wire used for surfacing, along with tungsten oxide WO3as an aluminum reducing agent, will necessarily lead to occurrence of reduction reactions with formation of tungsten aluminides, and possibly tungsten itself. Tungsten oxide has the highest reactivity, being in state of WO3(gas). Aluminum itself has the highest chemical affinity for WO3(gas) in form of Al2(gas) and Al(gas). Al2O(gas) appears most likely as an oxidation product of aluminum.
THERMODYNAMICS OF THE OXYGEN SOLUTIONS IN SILICON-CONTAINING Ni–Co MELTS
Authors: Aleksandrov A. A. , Dashevskii V. Ya.
Published: March 2019

Thermodynamic analysis of oxygen solutions in silicon-containing Ni – Co melts has been carried out. The equilibrium constant of interaction of silicon and oxygen dissolved in the nickel-cobalt melts, the activity coefficients at infinite dilution, and the interaction parameters characterizing these solutions were determined for melts of different composition. The dependences of the oxygen solubility on the contents of cobalt and silicon in the studied melts were calculated. With increasing cobalt content in melt deoxidation ability of silicon decreases. In Ni – Co alloys containing more than 20  % of cobalt, when the silicon content is less than 0.2  %, deoxidizing ability of silicon is almost the same. At silicon content more than 2  %, the higher is cobalt content in alloys, the more is decrease in deoxidizing ability of silicon.
INFLUENCE OF CONSUMABLE ELECTRODE ROTATION ON ANISOTROPY OF PROPERTIES OF THE BILLET OBTAINED BY ELECTROSLAG REMELTING
Authors: Chumanov I. V. , Matveeva M. A. , Sergeev D. V.
Published: March 2019

The article presents theoretical substantiation of the influence of electroslag remelting technology with rotation of consumable electrode on physicomechanical properties of the formed casting (billet). The technology of electroslag remelting with rotation of consumable electrode around its own axis leads to formation of upward flow of heat in the slag bath, making hydrodynamic environment in mold more rational from the point of using generated heat. During rotation of consumable electrode, centrifugal forces act on liquid metal film formed at the end of the electrode, providing radial flow of molten metal droplets. Subsequent separation occurs from the outer perimeter of electrode. Thus, drops of electrode metal fall into the metal bath closer to the wall of the mold, aligning temperature front of the bath. Decrease in temperature gradient of bath over the cross section leads to a flatter crystallization front. Studied technology of electroslag remelting with rotation of consumable electrode should have an impact on physical and mechanical properties of resulting casting (billet). In order to establish effect of rotation of consumable electrode during electroslag remelting on properties of metal obtained, experimental remelting was carried out. The article presents data on experimental electroslag remelting of electrodes of 20Kh13 grade steel using various technologies at A-550 unit. In course of experiment, influence of rotation technology of consumable electrode on conditions of remelting process, billet crystallization, changes in mechanical and physical properties was established. The influence of remelting method on complex properties of resulting billet was analyzed. As the main research tool, processing of the obtained data on microhardness, density, dendritic cell size of experimental samples was used. Analysis of the research results of billets in transverse direction showed an increase in microhardness uniformity in implementation of electroslag remelting technology with rotation of consumable electrode along the course of smelting. It is also shown that use of the rotation technology reduces size of dendritic cell of billet and increases density of the ingot formed in comparison with traditional technology without rotating electrode.
WAYS TO IMPROVE INDUCTION CRUCIBLE FURNARES
Authors: Levshin G. E.
Published: March 2019

Analysis of the main drawbacks caused by increased walls thickness of a lined crucible, presence of tubular copper single-layer inductor cooled from inside with standard water and absence or presence of core I-shaped magnetic circuits arranged around it forming a discrete ferromagnetic screen, was made for modern induction crucible furnaces. The first drawback is that a significant part of working electromagnetic flow Fwork is not used for effective heating, since it passes along the non-conductive lining of crucible, and not along the cage. Therefore, only 38.5  –  57.0  % of the flow Fwork is effectively used. The second drawback is increased cost and complexity of manufacturing of inductor coils from a special copper tube, which vibrate at twice the frequency, creating noise and weakening design of the furnace. Such inductors are characterized by reduced electrical efficiency and increased cost of preparation and cooling of conditioned water in systems that occupy an area several times greater than the area of furnace itself. The third drawback leads to the fact that a significant part of electromagnetic scattering flow of the Fconsupt does not participate in heating of charge and melt, but heats conductive elements of furnace, including surrounding magnetic inductor. Irrational use of total flow F, created by inductor, reduces its efficiency to almost 19  –  30  %, and the power factor cosφ to 0.03  –  0.10 and increases energy consumption. To reduce or eliminate disadvantages, three ways of improving these furnaces are proposed and justified: reducing thickness of crucible wall with its simultaneous hardening by installing a cylindrical shell between the crucible and the inductor, surrounding the inductor with an annular magnetic circuit and using a single or multiwire inductor instead of a tubular one. Combination of cylindrical shell, annular magnetic circuit, as well as the upper and lower plates of the furnace frame can form an annular closed cavity to accommodate wire inductor and circulating refrigerant, cooling the inductor and the magnetic circuit. As a result of the study, new design of induction crucible furnace with wire inductor and ring-type magnetic circuit developed at AltSTU is proposed, substantiated and patented. Based on experimental determination of effectiveness of the proposed structural elements, conclusion is made about the prospects for further research.
Modal Propellant Gauging - Blue Origin Payload
Authors: Ananda Celestina , Bartel Nicholas , Janiak Megan , Peterson Taylor , Franklin Sheila
Published: March 2019

Since 2008, the Modal Propellant Gauging (MPG) team, consisting of multidisciplinary undergraduate researchers from Carthage College, has been developing and testing a fuel gauging system for use in microgravity environments. Using experimental modal analysis (EMA) techniques, the goal of the MPG project is to develop a flight ready technology that gauges fuel in microgravity environments by correlating the modal response of a 1-g equilibrium surface to the microgravity surface response at the same fluid fill level. The technology has been tested aboard parabolic flights via a manned parabolic flight payload. The payload consists of two propellant tanks and is designed to measure the modal response of each propellant tank to an injected white noise signal via piezoelectric sensors. Flight data shows that the MPG method can measure fuel with greater than or equal to 1% resolution at and below 50% fill levels. Under funding from the Wisconsin Space Grant Consortium during the summer of 2018, the MPG team made improvements to the Blue Origin New Shepard research flight rig which is manifested to fly in the second half of 2018.
Kinetic Inductance Detectors For Future Observations of the Cosmic Microwave Background
Authors: LeFebre Ryan William
Published: March 2019

Kinetic inductance detectors (KIDs) have a lot of potential in the field of astronomical observations; they are easy to fabricate and are highly multiplexible. KIDs can be as simple as a single lithographic layer and 1000s of them can be read out on a single line. Future observations of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) will require huge pixel count detector arrays and KIDs are able to fill this role promisingly. This paper primarily discusses the design and simulation of KIDs in Sonnet to be used in a polarimeter chip intended for observation of the polarization anisotropy of the CMB. Both background information of the CMB and KID theory will be reviewed.
Photocatalytic Properties of Zinc Oxide and Graphene Nanocomposites
Authors: McLain Avery Ann
Published: March 2019

Zinc oxide (ZnO), as a semiconducting oxide, has potential as a photocatalyst due to some of the properties it possesses, including a large excitation energy, deep violet/borderline ultraviolet (UV) absorption at room temperature, and good photocatalytic activity. However, the main issue with using ZnO as a photocatalyst is that it has a rapid rate for the recombination of electron-hole pairs. Since the photoactivity of a catalyst is determined by its ability to create photogenerated electron-hole pairs, having a fast recombination rate can interfere with the reaction process. This issue could potentially be fixed by combining the ZnO with graphene, a carbon-based material. The conjugated structure of graphene enables the separation of charges in the photocatalytic process, so by combining ZnO and graphene the recombination rate could possibly be slowed while retaining the beneficial properties of both materials.Â This project analyzes the effects of ZnO/graphene nanocomposites on the degradation process of methylene blue dye. This dye breaks down when exposed to solar light, and so the photocatalytic properties of the nanocomposites can be studied by examining how they influence the speed of the reaction process.
Investigating Optimizing Mirror Orbits for Dark-side Illumination
Authors: Crawford-Taylor Kaisa Elisabeth Anne
Published: March 2019

When a planet is tidally locked with its star, the same side always faces the star; thus one side is always dark. This synchronization occurs quickly for potentially habitable Earth-like planets orbiting dim, low-mass stars. Korpela, Sallmen, & Leystra Greene (2015; KSG) suggest that advanced extraterrestrial civilizations may put large-scale mirror fleets in orbit around such exoplanets to reflect starlight to the dark side of the planet. They might also use such mirrors to alter the climate of their own or another planet. Radiation pressure (RP) will be important for such large, lightweight mirrors, but research on satellite orbit stability typically neglects its effects. The long-term goal of this research is to determine fuel-efficient satellite orbits in situations where RP is important. We use Python and REBOUND to simulate mirrors orbiting an Earth-like exoplanet in the habitable zone for a variety of stars. Our simulations use two settings: â€œAlways RPâ€ always reflects starlight towards the planetâ€™s center while â€œNighttime RPâ€ only does so on its dark side. We found mirrors survive longer when initially orbiting face on to the star compared to edge on. We present a selection of results illustrating how RP affects the mirrorâ€™s survival time.
A molecular investigation into the genetic networks that respond to the mechanical characteristics of the microgravity environment experienced by A. thaliana during spaceflight.
Authors: Henning Jarret Evans
Published: March 2019

Plants respond to stresses related to microgravity. Calcium (Ca2+) and Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) have been shown to be involved in the signaling of rapid systemic response (figures 2 and 3; Gilroy et al., 2016 and Steinhorst et al., 2013). RNAseq has been used to identify genes affected by point mutations within the touch responsive gene CML24 (TCH2 in figure 1) identifying genes that are involved in the tch2 signaling pathway. By using bioinformatics, network analysis has been performed (figure 1) to help determine the role that the gene CP1 (AT5G49480.1) plays in touch response and calcium signaling. New phenotyping protocols have been developed to analyze the effect of mechanical stimulation through vibrations producing a standardized way in which the effects of vibrations on plants are measured and tested to determine whether the effects can be mitigated or enhanced through mutations. This work is funded by NASA and WSGC.
Multi-Contact 4C (MC-4C): long molecule sequencing of complex proximity ligation products to uncover local cooperative and competitive chromatin topologies v1
Authors: Vermeulen Carlo , Allahyar Amin , A.M. Bouwman Britta , H.L. Krijger Peter , J.A.M. Verstegen Marjon , Geeven Geert , Valdes-Quezada Christian , Renkens Ivo , Straver Roy , P. Kloosterman Wigard , de Ridder Jeroen , de Laat Wouter
Published: March 2019

We present the protocol and data analysis toolbox for Multi-Contact 4C (MC-4C), a new proximity ligation method tailored to study the higher-order chromatin contact patterns of selected genomic sites. Conventional chromosome conformation capture (3C) methods fragment proximity ligation products for efficient analysis of pairwise DNA contacts. In contrast, MC-4C is designed to preserve and collect large concatemers of proximity ligated fragments for long molecule sequencing on Oxford Nanopore or Pacific Biosciences platforms, thus allowing study of multi-way chromatin interactions. By inverse PCR with primers specific for a fragment of interest (the viewpoint) and DNA size selection, sequencing is selectively targeted to thousands of different complex interactions containing this viewpoint. A tailored statistical analysis toolbox employing data-intrinsic background models then discerns whether contacts between more than two regulatory sequences are mutually exclusive or, conversely, simultaneously happening at chromatin hubs. The entire procedure can be completed in two weeks and requires access to a third generation sequencing platform.
Western European experience of overcoming school failure and input from this experience in Russian education
Authors: Isaev E.I. , Kosaretsky S.G. , Mikhailova A.M.
Published: March 2019

The article raises the problem of the relation between the educational success of students and social and socio-economic characteristics of their families. Children from socially disadvantaged families exhibit lower levels of psychological well-being and self-efficacy. In the future, this fact might negatively affect self-esteem and career aspirations of the younger generation. On the basis of this interlink the education policy, school implemented specif-ic projects and programs, addressing school failure, are elaborated. Feasibility of implementing this approach in Russian conditions is recognized by national psycho-pedagogical science and practice, so the appropriate tools are being developed and tested. The article examines the phenomenon of academic resilience as an ability of pupils to demonstrate high performance despite external limiting circumstances. The article explores the ways and means of overcoming the school failure: 1) providing additional resources to schools, with high concentration of children from families with low socio-economic status; 2) establishment of counselling centers and professional teams, working with such families; 3) professional development of school teachers; 4) edition of the relevant educational and methodical literature, 5) distribution of programs that support learning; 6) provision of conditions for the students to accumulate positive experience in overcoming learning difficulties, formation of their self-confidence, 7) imple-menting of special programs for slow learners, using digital technology, 8) engagement of learners in extramural activities
Value components in the psychological structure of the personality of a volunteer
Authors: Palkin K.A.
Published: March 2019

The article analyses the studies on uncovering determinant attributes of the value sphere of people, involved in volunteer work. Conclusions made in the course of the analysis allow us to make an assumption about the significant role of human values as providing the motivational orientation for human behavior during the decision-making about participation in volunteer activities or abandoning it. The results of the author's empirical work are based on mathematic-statistical processing of the data, obtained in the survey of 400 people (including 300 volunteers), using the technique of the «Questionnaire of terminal values» (I.G. Senin). The empirical study confirmed the hypothesis about the existence of statistically significant differences between the individual indicators of the structure of human values of volunteers and people who do not participate in volunteer activities. Further research in this area should continue to specify the differences and identify key values in the personality structure of individuals, in order to ensure the formation of a maximally reliable picture of the collective identity of the modern volunteer
A comparative study of clinical profile, severity and outcome of acute coronary syndrome in women and men admitted to a tertiary hospital
Authors: Tummala Yugandhar , Hanifah Mohamed , Ganesh B. Amirtha
Published: March 2019

Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) has emerged as a major health burden in developing countries. Many recent reports concluded that women with CAD have a worse prognosis than men and also with regards to invasive interventions when compared to men. In this study, author determined the comparative outcomes of ACS in women when compared with men.Methods: This study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital from November 2016 to March 2018. History taking, ECG, cardiac enzymes, 2D-Echo and angiogram were done to diagnose ACS and the appropriate treatment was given. The severity was assessed and compared the outcomes along with complications.Results: The total of 112 patients were treated for ACS, in which, 55 were females and the remaining 57 were males. Majority of the patients in both genders was between the ages of 51-60. In males, STEMI noted 50.8%, NSTEMI in 36.8%, UA in 12.2%. In females, STEMI is noted in 62%, unstable angina in 32.7%, NSTEMI in 27.2%. Six patients (11%) had mortality in the women group and one (1.8%) had died among men.Conclusions: Atypical presentation of ACS was more common in females. Women with ACS had higher complications and higher mortality than men.
Paediatric forearm refractures- management and outcome: a prospective study
Authors: Kuloor Subraya B. , Mattam Anoop J. , Shareef Abdul J. , Sudeep Anupam
Published: March 2019

Background: Forearm fractures are one of the commonest injuries accounting for 40% of paediatric fractures with a refracture rate of nearly 5%. Forearm refractures are increasing probably due to poor bone mineralization as a result of decreased physical activity, Vitamin D deficiency. These are treated by conservative measures with closed reduction and casting or by surgical fixation with flexible nails or plates. There are no definitive guidelines for management of forearm refracture and implant removal.

Methods: The study is aimed at the epidemiology, methods and difficulties of management and functional outcome of forearm refracture treatment. A prospective study of all the cases of forearm refracture who presented to our institution from 2010 to 2016 with refractures treated either by conservative methods or by IMN. All cases were followed up for 2 years and functional outcome was assessed serially according to price et-al criteria.

Results: Our study contained 17 males and 8 females between 6 years and 14 years. 76% refractures occurred before 16 weeks and majority had only tricortical union at this time. 42% patients underwent surgical fixation following refracture. Price et al criteria showed excellent results in 72% of patients.

Conclusions: Forearm refractures in children can be treated both conservatively and surgically like a primary fracture depending on the indications but needs 2 to 3 more weeks of immobilization. A good functional outcome was obtained in majority of the cases. We suggest using splints till quadricortical union is achieved to prevent chances of refracture.
Descontaminação fotoquímica de alvéolos dentários em técnicas distintas de Terapia Fotodinâmica: relato de dois casos clínicos
Authors: Nunes Camila Santa Rosa , Proietti Junior Aldo Aparecido , Barcessat Ana Rita Pinheiro
Published: March 2019

A exodontia é um procedimento cirúrgico que pode apresentar como complicação a infecção da ferida cirúrgica, tal acontecimento pode trazer como consequência um retardo no processo de cicatrização, bem como causar dor pós-operatória ao paciente. Atualmente não existe um protocolo definido a ser realizado após a exodontia que possibilite a redução da carga microbiana de alvéolos contaminados. Logo, é de suma importância pesquisar técnicas que possibilitem diminuir a contaminação no sítio cirúrgico a fim de reduzir a ocorrência de complicações. Neste relato de casos clínicos os autores descrevem a aplicação de duas técnicas de terapia fotodinâmica, a primeira associando a curcumina luz LED azul, e a segunda associando o azul de metileno ao Laser vermelho, para verificar o potencial de redução microbiana de ambas as técnicas nos alvéolos dentários imediatamente após as exodontias. Notou-se que ambas as reduziram efetivamente o percentual microbiano nos alvéolos, a primeira apresentando um percentual de redução de 54%, e a segunda uma redução de 51,86%. Tal redução microbiana pode ter contribuído para uma acelerada cicatrização desse alvéolo bem como ter possibilitado um pós-operatório mais confortável ao paciente.

 
Catequização e pacificação na Província do Amazonas: as viagens de Antonio de Macedo Costa e João Barbosa Rodrigues
Authors: Rizzini Irma
Published: March 2019

O objetivo do artigo é analisar a construção de conhecimento como alicerce para os projetos de intervenção social sobre os amazônidas, defendidos por duas autoridades que realizaram viagens pelos rios amazonenses. Os fins de suas missões consistiam na catequese e na civilização do homem amazônico, no caso do bispo D. Antonio de Macedo Costa (1884), e na pacificação de índios selvagens, conforme relato do diretor do Jardim Botânico do Amazonas, José Barbosa Rodrigues (1885). As obras dos viajantes são analisadas por meio do entrelaçamento de suas observações e interpretações sobre as populações locais com esquemas intelectuais, representações e formas de expressão histórica e culturalmente determinados.
A cultura infantil ribeirinha: o brincar e os brinquedos no cotidiano da comunidade de Arraiol/ Bailique-AP
Authors: Pantoja do Nascimento Brandão Priscilla , Do Céu Ubaiara Brito Ângela
Published: March 2019

O trabalho discute o brincar ribeirinho por meio das práticas culturais das crianças que habitam na comunidade de Arraiol/Arquipélago do Bailique-AP, que contempla os elementos materiais e imateriais presentes no cotidiano deste grupo. Trata-se de investigar: como é constituída a cultura infantil que as crianças de Arraiol vivenciam e inventam? Objetiva-se compreender a contribuição do brincar como mediação da cultura infantil ribeirinha por meio da análise do seu cotidiano, identificando sentidos, significados, peculiaridades, que constituem parte do patrimônio cultural para a identidade da comunidade. A metodologia se fundamenta no paradigma qualitativo, no uso da técnica denominada História Oral, que analisa o contexto por intermédio das narrativas dos sujeitos, para compreender os fenômenos sociais em foco por meio das narrativas, mas não somente as vozes, também os gestos, risos, expressões faciais, entre outros, subsidiado nas vivências e registros orais e fotográficos. Utilizou-se no tratamento dos dados a Análise de Conteúdo que consiste em compreender o material que envolve o brincar e as culturas infantis ribeirinhas de Arraiol. Os dados parciais demonstram que o brincar da terra se faz presente no cotidiano da comunidade. Também apresentam índices de que os jogos, brinquedos e brincadeiras tradicionais dos ribeirinhos sofrem modificações ao longo do tempo, mas ainda são formas de mediar o processo de aprendizagem e desenvolvimento da criança por meio das culturas infantis, as quais são características da comunidade ribeirinha que permeia ações através de artefatos sociais e culturais.
Entrevista com o historiador Ronaldo Vainfas, Professor Titular da Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF)
Authors: Cambraia Paulo
Published: March 2019

Entrevista com o historiador Ronaldo Vainfas, Professor Titular da Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF)
Mariana Cavalleiro de Macedo: trajetória de uma normalista modelo
Authors: Oliveira Coelho Maricilde
Published: March 2019

Este artigo tem por objetivo relacionar fatos da vida profissional e pessoal da professora normalista Mariana Cavalleiro de Macedo Vianna com o momento histórico vivenciado pela educação brasileira após a proclamação da República. A referida professora atuou no magistério, nas primeiras décadas da implantação do regime republicano brasileiro quando se evidenciou a institucionalização da escola primária como modelo de organização de ensino racionalizado, padronizado e universalizado. A incumbência atribuída à escola no projeto político e social pensado pelos republicanos era o de formar o cidadão ordeiro, preocupado e empenhado com o progresso social e material do país. Diversas medidas foram instituídas pelo governo republicano brasileiro para renovar o papel conferido à instrução popular. Entre estas medidas, surgem: os grupos escolares, mudança nos programas curriculares de ensino, adoção de modernos métodos pedagógicos, uso de diversos materiais didáticos e livros escolares, publicações de revistas especializadas em educação e uma política de formação para o professor primário, com reformas no curso normal. Além do trabalho no magistério, Mariana Cavalleiro de Macedo Vianna contribuiu na sessão “Contos Infantis” do periódico pedagógico A Escola, e, ao escrever historietas, aderiu a princípios e valores do projeto pensado para as crianças e os jovens do início do século XX: plasmar modelos de virtudes morais e patriotismo. A visibilidade ao trajeto pessoal e profissional de Mariana Cavalleiro de Macedo Vianna, registrada nos documentos pesquisados, revela as ideias e ações de uma mulher que atuou de forma ampla, quer seja como educadora ou como escritora, no processo de identificação da nova geração com o republicanismo
GLOBALIZATION, STRENGTHENING OF INDONESIAN LOCAL MARKET CHARACTER AS CONSEQUENCES AND REALITY OF OPEN ECONOMIC SYSTEM
Authors: Fatihudin Didin
Published: March 2019

Purpose of Study: Globalization impacts of advances in science, technology and information. Any country in the world including Indonesia can not avoid globalization. There is no time limit, space and territory. There is a pull of two concepts of economic development. Economic growth (Capitalism) or welfare economy (Socialism), or a mixture of both (mixs). Indonesia adheres to the mix. Natural resource wealth is not enough. More important is the quality and character of Indonesia’s strong human resources.

Methodology: The growth of goods and services, there are three aspects of character change to improve the welfare of the Indonesian nation; (1) the number of literacy (education); (2) life expectancy (health), and (3) ability of purchasing power (income). Government development and regulatory policies; (1) allocation; (2) distribution; And (3) stabilization is intended solely for income distribution and reducing economic disparities.

Result: Exploitation and exploration of production factors, production efficiency, capitalization of capital and market expansion is the impact of globalization. Globalization and the strengthening of local market traits are indications of the consequences of Indonesia’s open economic system.

Implications/Applications: The impact of the economic crisis lies not on globalization itself, but lies in the Indonesian national identity itself in addressing Globalization.