bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The outcome of intravesical onabotulinum toxin injections for salvage therapy of refractory detrusor overactivity following augmentation enterocystoplasty
Authors: Mishra Vibhash , Pakzad Mahreen , Hamid Rizwan , Shah P Julian R , Ockrim Jeremy L , Greenwell Tamsin J
Published: November 2015

Objective:

The objective of this article is to assess the effect of intravesical onabotulinum toxin A (OBTX-A) injections in patients with persistent/refractory symptomatic detrusor overactivity (DO) and urge urinary incontinence (UUI) following previous augmentation enterocystoplasty.

Patients and methods:

We conducted a retrospective review of all patients with previous augmentation enterocystoplasty having intravesical OBTX-A for persistent/refractory DO and UUI. Information on demographics, original diagnosis, date and technique of enterocystoplasty, dose of OBTX-A and symptomatic outcomes was recorded.

Results:

Fifteen patients (three men) with mean age 42 years were studied. Eight out of 15 (53%) reported complete continence or significant improvement, while the remaining seven (47%) noticed no difference in their symptoms. Urodynamics were repeated in these seven patients and persistent DO was confirmed. Four out of five (80%) NDO patients who received 300 U of OBTX-A reported a favourable outcome, whereas a favourable response was noted in only four out of 10 IDO (40%) when smaller amounts of OBTX-A (100 U or 200 U) were used.

Conclusions:

Intravesical OBTX-A injections completely resolved or significantly improved persistent/recurrent symptoms of DO in 53% of patients with a previous augmentation enterocystoplasty. The success rate was higher for those receiving the higher dose of 300 U and/or those with NDO.
Improving the selection of news reports for event coding using ensemble classification
Authors: Croicu Mihai , Weidmann Nils B
Published: November 2015

Manual coding of political events from news reports is extremely expensive and time-consuming, whereas completely automatic coding has limitations when it comes to the precision and granularity of the data collected. In this paper, we introduce an alternative strategy by establishing a semi-automatic pipeline, where an automatic classification system eliminates irrelevant source material before further coding is done by humans. Our pipeline relies on a high-performance supervised heterogeneous ensemble classifier working on extremely unbalanced training classes. Deployed to the Mass Mobilization on Autocracies database on protest, the system is able to reduce the number of source articles to be human-coded by more than half, while keeping over 90% of the relevant material.
Double Outlet Right Ventricle With Intact Ventricular Septum
Authors: Menon Sabarinath , Kumar C. J. Ashok , Mathew Thomas , Venkateshwarn S. , Jayakumar K. , Dharan Baiju S.
Published: November 2015

Double outlet right ventricle (DORV) is almost always associated with a ventricular septal defect. The variant of DORV with intact ventricular septum is very uncommon and may be associated with fetal demise or death immediately after birth. Reports of successful palliation of these patients to the stage of superior cavopulmonary anastomosis (bidirectional Glenn shunt) are rare. We describe the case of a child with DORV with intact ventricular septum who underwent successful palliation. This condition often provides a diagnostic, interventional, and surgical challenge. Patients generally require either balloon atrial septostomy or surgical atrial septectomy for survival, with the addition of a Blalock-Tausig shunt or pulmonary artery band depending on the pulmonary blood flow. Very few patients survive to a Glenn procedure. For those who do survive, a decision must be made regarding the management of the hypertensive and hypoplastic left ventricle (LV) and associated mitral regurgitation. The LV can be excluded by either mitral valve avulsion or closure (exclusion) of the mitral valve with a patch. The choice of the technique should be carefully made and depends in part on the size of the LV. In our patient, who was successfully palliated by bidirectional Glenn shunt, the LV was managed by means of mitral valve avulsion.
Validation of Information System Project Success Model
Authors: Subiyakto A’ang , Ahlan Abd. Rahman , Putra Syopiansyah Jaya , Kartiwi Mira
Published: November 2015

This article illustrates how influential arguments were used to validate an information system (IS) project success model using the inductive-qualitative method rather than continual hypothesis testing. The purpose of the study was to explore the validity and feasibility of the model using a focus group study (FGS) to respond that many IS scholars were under more and more pressure in their research model validations. Most of them claimed that the quantitative validation was only the method to validate their models. Although they may have performed the qualitative validation, only a few of them realized that they have applied this method. This article will be valuable, especially to prove, describe, and illuminate the context and condition where the model validation had been performed qualitatively before the scholar carried out quantitatively the validation. The results represent the four model validation points regarding the modeling process, methodological aspect, and resource availability of the research and its implementation recommendations. A good reference point for IS scholars whose goal to validate their model feasibilities, especially using the qualitative validation method.
Transfer factor, lung volumes, resistance and ventilation distribution in healthy adults
Authors: Verbanck Sylvia , Van Muylem Alain , Schuermans Daniel , Bautmans Ivan , Thompson Bruce , Vincken Walter
Published: November 2015

Monitoring of chronic lung disease requires reference values of lung function indices, including putative markers of small airway function, spanning a wide age range.

We measured spirometry, transfer factor of the lung for carbon monoxide (TLCO), static lung volume, resistance and ventilation distribution in a healthy population, studying at least 20 subjects per sex and per decade between the ages of 20 and 80 years.

With respect to the Global Lung Function Initiative reference data, our subjects had average z-scores for forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC) and FEV1/FVC of −0.12, 0.04 and −0.32, respectively. Reference equations were obtained which could account for a potential dependence of index variability on age and height. This was done for (but not limited to) indices that are pertinent to asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease studies: forced expired volume in 6 s, forced expiratory flow,TLCO, specific airway conductance, residual volume (RV)/total lung capacity (TLC), and ventilation heterogeneity in acinar and conductive lung zones.

Deterioration in acinar ventilation heterogeneity and lung clearance index with age were more marked beyond 60 years, and conductive ventilation heterogeneity showed the greatest increase in variability with age. The most clinically relevant deviation from published reference values concerned RV/TLC values, which were considerably smaller than American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society-endorsed reference values.
European IPF Patient Charter: unmet needs and a call to action for healthcare policymakers
Authors: Bonella Francesco , Wijsenbeek Marlies , Molina-Molina Maria , Duck Annette , Mele Rosalba , Geissler Klaus , Wuyts Wim
Published: November 2015

Patient advocacy groups play an important role in supporting patients with chronic diseases and promoting better care. The aim of this patient–physician initiative was to gather perceptions from European idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) patient advocacy groups regarding inequalities and unmet needs in IPF care, in order to develop a Patient Charter to advocate for better care.

In total, 11 European patient advocacy groups were interviewed regarding the care of patients with IPF in their countries. Interview feedback was presented to a Working Group including patient advocacy group representatives and IPF specialists; key areas of agreement were developed into the European IPF Patient Charter.

The interviews identified five key themes that fed into the final Charter: the need for improved diagnosis, treatment access, holistic care, disease awareness and palliative care. The final Charter was endorsed by patient advocacy groups and presented to 26 Members of the European Parliament in September 2014. It has received >8900 signatures to date.

This patient–physician initiative highlights the inequalities and unmet needs in IPF care across Europe, and demonstrates how this insight can inform the development of a Patient Charter, designed as a call to action for healthcare policymakers to drive improvement in European IPF care.
Predicting mortality in bronchiectasis using bronchiectasis severity index and FACED scores: a 19-year cohort study
Authors: Ellis Huw C. , Cowman Steven , Fernandes Michele , Wilson Robert , Loebinger Michael R.
Published: November 2015

The clinical course of bronchiectasis is unpredictable, posing a challenge both in clinical practice and in research. Two mortality prediction scores, the bronchiectasis severity index (BSI) and FACED scores, have recently been developed. The aim of this study was to assess the ability of these scores to predict long-term mortality and to compare the two scores.

The study was a single-centre retrospective cohort analysis consisting of 91 subjects originally recruited in 1994. BSI and FACED scores were calculated at the time of enrolment and long-term mortality ascertained. Data was available for 74 patients with a median of 18.8 years of follow-up.

Both scoring systems had similar predictive power for 5-year mortality (area under receiver operator characteristic curve (AUC) 0.79 for BSI and 0.8 for FACED). Both scores were able to predict 15-year mortality with the FACED score showing slightly superior predictive power (AUC 0.82versus0.69, p=0.0495).

This study provides further validation of the FACED and BSI scores for the prediction of mortality in bronchiectasis and demonstrates their utility over a longer period than originally described. Whilst both scores had excellent predictive power, the FACED score was superior for 15-year mortality.
Changes in airway inflammation during pulmonary exacerbations in patients with cystic fibrosis and primary ciliary dyskinesia
Authors: Ratjen Felix , Waters Valerie , Klingel Michelle , McDonald Nancy , Dell Sharon , Leahy Timothy Ronan , Yau Yvonne , Grasemann Hartmut
Published: November 2015

Lung disease in patients with both primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) or cystic fibrosis (CF) is associated with impaired mucociliary clearance; however, clinical outcomes are typically worse in CF patients. We assessed whether CF and PCD patients differ in inflammatory response in the airways during pulmonary exacerbation.

We first studied clinically stable PCD patients with a spectrum of bacterial pathogens to assess inflammatory response to different pathogens. Subsequently, PCD and CF patients with similar bacterial pathogens were studied at the time of a pulmonary exacerbation and after 21 days of antibiotics treatment. Qualitative and quantitative microbiology, cell counts, interleukin-8 concentrations, and neutrophil elastase activity were assessed in sputum samples obtained before and after treatment.

In stable PCD patients, no significant differences were found in sputum inflammatory markers between individuals colonised with different bacterial pathogens. Pulmonary exacerbation severity assessed by a pulmonary exacerbation score and lung function decline from their previous baseline did not differ between CF and PCD patients. Bacterial density forStaphylococcus aureusandHaemophilus influenzaewas higher in CFversusPCD (p<0.05), but absolute neutrophil counts were higher in PCD patients (p=0.02). While sputum elastase activity was similar in PCD and CF at the time of exacerbation, it decreased with antibiotic therapy in PCD (p<0.05) but not CF patients.

PCD patients differ from those with CF in their responses to treatment of pulmonary exacerbations, with higher neutrophil elastase activity persisting in the CF airways at the end of treatment.
Acellular approaches for regenerative medicine: on the verge of clinical trials with extracellular membrane vesicles?
Authors: Fuster-Matanzo Almudena , Gessler Florian , Leonardi Tommaso , Iraci Nunzio , Pluchino Stefano
Published: November 2015

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a heterogeneous population of naturally occurring secreted small vesicles, with distinct biophysical properties and different functions both in physiology and under pathological conditions. In recent years, a number of studies have demonstrated that EVs might hold remarkable potential in regenerative medicine by acting as therapeutically promising nanodrugs. Understanding their final impact on the biology of specific target cells as well as clarification of their overall therapeutic impact remains a matter of intense debate. Here we review the key principles of EVs in physiological and pathological conditions with a specific highlight on the most recently described mechanisms regulating some of the EV-mediated effects. First, we describe the current debates and the upcoming research on EVs as potential novel therapeutics in regenerative medicine, either as unmodified agents or as functionalized small carriers for targeted drug delivery. Moreover, we address a number of safety aspects and regulatory limitations related to the novel nature of EV-mediated therapeutic applications. Despite the emerging possibilities of EV treatments, these issues need to be overcome in order to allow their safe and successful application in future explorative clinical studies.
On the evolving open peer review culture for chemical information science
Authors: Walters W. Patrick , Bajorath Jürgen
Published: November 2015

Compared to the traditional anonymous peer review process, open post-publication peer review provides additional opportunities -and challenges- for reviewers to judge scientific studies. In this editorial, we comment on the open peer review culture and provide some guidance for reviewers of manuscripts submitted to the Chemical Information Science channel of F1000Research.
Consolidation of Educational Units: Developmen Tendencies and Prospects
Authors: Фирсова  , Firsova Irina , Малафеева  , Malafeeva M.
Published: November 2015

This article analyzes numerical ratings of consolidation process and identifi es main tendencies and features of educational complexes formation.

Research task was to comprehend the importance of not only considering each complex as a whole organization, but also the analysis of each structural

unit. The goalwas to reveal the basic management mission for the development newly formed educational complexes.
Training in Writing an Essay on Literary Subject in Senior Classes
Authors: Савченко  , Savchenko K. , Емельянова  , Emelyanova T. , Обернихина  , Obyernikhina Galina
Published: November 2015

The article considers the technique of training essay writing on a literary subject in high school. The emphasis is puton stage-by-stage improvement of pupils’ skills of working on essay: from theme analysis to working through parts of the text.
Competency Building Approach in Regional Systems of Further Vocational Education
Authors: ������  , Knorre Elena
Published: November 2015

The results of the research aimed to reveal the competency building approach in regional systems of extra professional education. The research was

performed using the monitoring of regional educational systems websites. The systems of extra professional education in 7 regions (45 institutes) were

analyzed. The results were as follows: 13 institutes work in terms of the traditional system of extra professional education and in 32 institutes the competency

building approach is performed. The conclusion concerning the forms of putting the competency building approach into practice in regions under

concern.
La argumentación abstracta en Inteligencia Artificial: problemas de interpretación y adecuación de las semánticas para la toma de decisiones
Authors: Bodanza Gustavo Adrián
Published: November 2015

El modelo de marcos argumentativos abstractos es actualmente la herramienta más utilizada para caracterizar la justificación de argumentos derrotables en Inteligencia Artificial. Las justificciones se determinan en base a los ataques entre argumentos y se formalizan a través de semánticas de extensiones. Aquí sostenemos que, o bien algunos marcos argumentativos carecen de sentido bajo ciertas concepciones de ataque específicas, o bien las semánticas más usadas en la literatura, basadas en el concepto de defensa conocido como admisibilidad, no resultan adecuadas para justificar, en particular, argumentos para la toma de decisiones.
On the Social Nature of Objectivity: Helen Longino and Justin Biddle
Authors: Eigi Jaana
Published: November 2015

According to Helen Longino, objectivity is necessarily social as it depends on critical interactions in community. Justin Biddle argues that Longino’s account presupposes individuals that are completely open to any criticism; as such individuals are in principle able to criticise their beliefs on their own, Longino's account is not really social. In the first part of my paper I argue that even for completely open individuals, criticism for maintaining objectivity is only possible in community. In the second part I challenge Biddle’s interpretation of Longino’s conception of the individual. I conclude that Longino’s account is necessarily social.
On the Essence and Identity of Numbers
Authors: Gómez-Torrente Mario
Published: November 2015

Taking as premises some intuitions about the essences of natural numbers, pluralities and sets, the paper offers an argument that the natural numbers could not be the “Zermelo numbers”, the “Von Neumann numbers”, the “Kripke numbers”, or the “positions in the ω-structure”, among other things. The argument’s conclusion is thus Benacerrafian in form, but it is emphasized that the argument is anti-Benacerrafian in substance, as it is perfectly compatible and in fact congenial with some views on which the numbers could be things of certain other kinds.
O Modelo Múltiplas Perspetivas no Ensino Superior: Promover a Análise Crítica e a Reflexão
Authors: Carvalho Ana Amélia , Marques Célio Gonçalo
Published: November 2015

As reformas políticas e organizacionais levadas a cabo no ensino superior, conjugadas com a necessidade de aprendizagem ao longo da vida, têm conduzido à procura de metodologias que promovam um ensino baseado na aquisição de competências e numa aprendizagem mais ativa e reflexiva. O Modelo Múltiplas Perspetivas (MoMup) vem ao encontro destas necessidades,ajudando os professores nesta mudança. Este modelo, baseado na Teoria da Flexibilidade Cognitiva e assente no estudo de casos, incentiva à reflexão, estimula a análise crítica e promove a flexibilidade cognitiva em domínios avançados do conhecimento. O MoMup é constituído por dois processos: adesconstrução de casos e a reflexão e interação online; e pode ser aplicado em qualquer domínio do conhecimento em regime presencial, misto (b‑learning) ou totalmente a distância (d‑learning). Apresentam‑se sucintamente os estudos realizados, que conduziram ao MoMuP. Os alunos salientam que aprendem muito, em pouco tempo.
Aspects of Non-edible Vegetable Oil-Based Bio-lubricants in the Automotive Sector
Authors: Singh Yashvir , Garg Rajnish , Kumar Suresh
Published: November 2015

Lubricants act as anti-friction media and facilitate smooth operations, maintain machine reliability and lead to reduction in the risk of frequent failures. Around the globe, petroleum-based reserves are depleting which results in price hike, creating concern about environmental pollution. The researchers are focusing on developing and using an eco-friendly lubricant derived from renewable resources. Non-edible vegetable oil-based bio-lubricants are eco-friendly due to their biodegradability, non-toxicity and net zero greenhouse gas emission. This study presents the potential of using non-edible vegetable-based bio-lubricants in the automotive sector. The first part of the study discusses about the resources, properties, as well as advantages and application of the bio-lubricants. In the second part of this paper, the potential of non-edible oil-based bio-lubricants as alternatives are discussed. The final part includes the description about the global lubricant market and prospects for the future. Non-edible vegetable oil-based bio-lubricants have enhanced lubricity, high viscosity, good anti-wear property, high viscosity index, increased equipment service life, high load carrying ability, low evaporation rates and low emission of metal traces into the atmosphere.
Actin-Cytoskeleton- and Rock-Mediated INM Are Required for Photoreceptor Regeneration in the Adult Zebrafish Retina
Authors: Lahne Manuela , Li Jingling , Marton Rebecca M. , Hyde David R.
Published: November 2015

Loss of retinal neurons in adult zebrafish (Danio rerio) induces a robust regenerative response mediated by the reentry of the resident Müller glia into the cell cycle. Upon initiating Müller glia proliferation, their nuclei migrate along the apicobasal axis of the retina in phase with the cell cycle in a process termed interkinetic nuclear migration (INM). We examined the mechanisms governing this cellular process and explored its function in regenerating the adult zebrafish retina. Live-cell imaging revealed that the majority of Müller glia nuclei migrated to the outer nuclear layer (ONL) to divide. These Müller glia formed prominent actin filaments at the rear of nuclei that had migrated to the ONL. Inhibiting actin filament formation or Rho-associated coiled-coil kinase (Rock) activity, which is necessary for phosphorylation of myosin light chain and actin myosin-mediated contraction, disrupted INM with increased numbers of mitotic nuclei remaining in the basal inner nuclear layer, the region where Müller glia typically reside. Double knockdown of Rho-associated coiled-coil kinase 2a (Rock2a) and Rho-associated coiled-coil kinase 2b (Rock2b) similarly disrupted INM and reduced Müller glial cell cycle reentry. In contrast, Rock inhibition immediately before the onset of INM did not affect Müller glia proliferation, but subsequently reduced neuronal progenitor cell proliferation due to early cell cycle exit. Long-term, Rock inhibition increased the generation of mislocalized ganglion/amacrine cells at the expense of rod and cone photoreceptors. In summary, INM is driven by an actin-myosin-mediated process controlled by Rock2a and Rock2b activity, which is required for sufficient proliferation and regeneration of photoreceptors after light damage.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe human retina does not replace lost or damaged neurons, ultimately causing vision impairment. In contrast, zebrafish are capable of regenerating lost neurons. Understanding the mechanisms that regulate retinal regeneration in these organisms will help to elucidate approaches to stimulate a similar response in humans. In the damaged zebrafish retina, Müller glia dedifferentiate and proliferate to generate neuronal progenitor cells (NPCs) that differentiate into the lost neurons. We show that the nuclei of Müller glia and NPCs migrate apically and basally in phase with the cell cycle. This migration is facilitated by the actin cytoskeleton and Rho-associated coiled-coil kinases (Rocks). We demonstrate that Rock function is required for sufficient proliferation and the regeneration of photoreceptors, likely via regulating nuclear migration.
Fishes in the lower San Pedro Mezquital River, Nayarit, Mexico
Authors: González-Díaz Alfonso Ángel , Soria-Barreto Miriam , Martínez-Cardenas Leonardo , Blanco y Correa Manuel
Published: November 2015

The San Pedro Mezquital River is the seventh largest river in Mexico, and flows through the Sierra Madre Occidental into the Marismas Nacionales Biosphere Reserve, on the coast of the state of Nayarit. The present study is to conform a systematic checklist of fishes in the lower basin of the San Pedro Mezquital River. In total, 52 species were collected from 24 families. Four native species were collected (Atherinella crystallina, Poecilia butleri, Poeciliopsis latidens and Poeciliopsis prolifica) that are federally protected. Five of the collected species were new records for the state of Nayarit. This checklist constitutes a first approximation of the fish fauna present in the San Pedro Mezquital River. However, the construction of the Las Cruces dam upstream, will modify the basin hydrology, worsen the introduction of exotic species and create habitat loss, which can have immediate negative impacts on the fish communities in this region.
Birds, Babuyan Islands, province of Cagayan, northern Philippines: new island distribution records
Authors: Oliveros Carl , Peterson A. Townsend , Villa Mark Jason C.
Published: November 2015

We present new bird distribution records from the Babuyan Islands in northern Philippines, gathered during recent biotic survey efforts in the area. This information represents a significant step towards a detailed understanding of the biodiversity of the region. We report three subspecies not previously recorded from the country: Ceyx erithaca erithaca, Turdus chrysolaus orii, and Motacilla alba leucopsis, providing new information about migratory patterns in the region. We also provide the first published records from the islets of Mabag and Barit, based on specimens in the collections of the U.S. National Museum of Natural History. With these records, the resident avifauna of this island group is relatively well-known, which will provide a firm foundation for planned studies of systematics and taxonomy of the bird fauna of the region.
Mammalia, Rodentia, Sigmodontinae, Loxodontomys micropus: new locality records
Authors: Sauthier Daniel Edgardo Udrizar , Teta Pablo , Wallace Patricio , Pardiñas Ulyses Francisco José
Published: November 2015

None
Characterization of α-actin isoforms in white and red skeletal muscle types of Leporinus macrocephalus (Characiformes, Anostomidae)
Authors: ALVES-COSTA FERNANDA A. , SILVA MAELI D.P. , WASKO ADRIANE P.
Published: November 2015

RESUMO Dois genes de α-actina do peixe Leporinus macrocephalus, referindo-se aos tecidos musculares branco e vermelho, foram isolados. Isoformas de actinas, que principalmente diferiram por uma substituição Ser/Ala155, podem ter uma significância funcional relacionada à interação entre actina e ATP. Um resíduo de Ala155, como observado na α-actina esquelética do músculo vermelho, resulta em uma diminuição da afinidade da actina pelo ATP, o que também pode estar associado à ação contrátil lenta desse tecido. Adicionalmente, uma substituição Phe/Ile262 na actina do músculo vermelho leva a uma variação na hidrofobicidade no "plug-D" da proteína, o que pode alterar sua estabilidade. Dados de qRT-PCR evidenciaram significante maior nível de actina RNAm em músculo branco, quando comparado ao músculo vermelho (T=105 Mann Whitney; p=<0,001). Este resultado pode estar relacionado às demandas energéticas do tecido muscular branco, com fibras de contração rápida e metabolismo glicolítico para fornecimento de energia. Os dados disponíveis sobre actinas musculares levam a propor que as α-actinas esqueléticas dos músculos branco e vermelho são geneticamente e funcionalmente distinguíveis em espécies de peixes, uma característica não encontrada em outros grupos de vertebrados.
India ink induces apoptosis in the yellow clam Mesodesma mactroides (Deshayes, 1854). Optical and ultrastructural study
Authors: CARVALHO YURI B.M. , JETHRO JUAN , POERSCH LUIS H. , ROMANO LUIS A.
Published: November 2015

ABSTRACT This paper reports on the acute inflammatory and cellular process in the yellow clam, Mesodesma mactroides, induced by injection of India ink into the muscular foot. Histological observations with optical and electronic microscopy were made at 24 and 48 h after injection. The induced cellular inflammatory response consisted of a general hemocyte infiltration without necrosis and apoptotic activity. Migration of ink-laden phagocytes across the intestinal epithelium was recorded. It appeared that the yellow clam "excreted" ink particles through the gill and kidney. The positive staining for apoptosis was observed in the digestive gland. Electronic microscopy revealed ultrastructural changes of endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptotic bodies in the digestive gland. The mechanism by which the India ink particles induce apoptosis remains unknown, but might possibly be associated with the endoplasmic reticulum stress. This work has highlighted features that require further discussion in the restricted field the inflammatory responses of mollusks.
LITERATURA E REPARAÇÃO: UM PERCURSO
Authors: Vidal Paloma
Published: November 2015

Resumo O artigo é um percurso através de textos e filmes que abordam a questão da reparação e da memória na Argentina e no Brasil, durante os períodos da ditadura e da pós-ditadura, entendendo-os como práticas de memória que têm um papel central a cumprir no contexto mais amplo de um trabalho coletivo que precisa se dar tanto no plano simbólico como no plano jurídico.
A natureza jurídica pública dos serviços de saúde e o regime de complementaridade dos serviços privados à rede pública do Sistema Único de Saúde
Authors: Santos Lenir
Published: November 2015

Análise do regime de complementaridade dos serviços privados ao Sistema Único de Saúde, mediante contrato ou convênio, e da natureza jurídica pública dos serviços de saúde. O regime de complementaridade dos serviços privados aos serviços públicos de saúde tem sido discutido de maneira bastante simplificada. Este estudo pretende fazer uma análise a respeito das características das ações e dos serviços de saúde, que decorrem do direito à saúde e à vida e contaminam sua execução, independentemente de sua titularidade pública ou privada. Além disso, o regime de complementaridade não configura nem fomento nem colaboração ao sentido da Lei nº 13.019, de 31 de julho de 2014.
Avaliação de uma experiência de gestão hospitalar participativa no âmbito do SUS: produção de saúde, sujeitos e coletivos
Authors: Deus Adriana Diniz de , Melo Elza Machado de
Published: November 2015

O presente artigo trata-se de estudo de caso com objetivo de avaliar a experiência de gestão da Maternidade Pública Municipal de Betim (MG), de 2009 a 2011, por meio de análise de intervenção, que investiga se objetivos e metas propostos pela experiência foram alcançados. A metodologia consistiu de análise documental e grupos focais. A análise pautou-se na hermenêutica crítica. A Maternidade adotou, no período estudado, um modelo de gestão entrelaçado ao modelo de cuidado, com criação de espaços de escuta e de responsabilização pelos processos de trabalho. Este estudo mostrou que, apesar dos limites, conseguiu-se implantar e conduzir estruturas e processos, revelando tendência para alcançar o que foi proposto.
CHEIAS DE GRAÇA: AS POÉTICAS MAMBEMBES DE GUIMARÃES ROSA E OSMAN LINS
Authors: Ferreira Ermelinda Maria Araújo
Published: November 2015

Resumo Este ensaio discute a agraciada força das poéticas "menores" de dois grandes vates da literatura brasileira moderna: Guimarães Rosa e Osman Lins, através da análise do papel do riso e da comicidade na construção metalinguística de algumas de suas obras, que refletem, cada uma a seu modo, uma visão de mundo curiosamente próxima - afeita aos princípios da carnavalização e do circo. A alegria é, para esses escritores, a pedra fundamental de uma estética do insignificante e do ínfimo, e de uma ética profundamente humana, de vida, morte e renovação.
Multitemporal analysis of estimated soil loss for the river Mourão watershed, Paraná – Brazil
Authors: Graça C. H. , Passig F. H. , Kelniar A. R. , Piza M. A. , Carvalho K. Q. , Arantes E. J.
Published: November 2015

The multitemporal behavior of soil loss by surface water erosion in the hydrographic basin of the river Mourão in the center-western region of the Paraná state, Brazil, is analyzed. Forecast was based on the application of the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) with the data integration and estimates within an Geography Information System (GIS) environment. Results had shown high mean annual rain erosivity (10,000 MJ.mm.ha–1.h–1.year–1), with great concentration in January and December. As a rule, soils have average erodibilities, exception of Dystroferric Red Latisol (low class) and Dystrophic Red Argisol (high class). Although the topographic factor was high (>20), rates lower than 1 were predominant. Main land uses comprise temporal crops and pasture throughout the years. The watershed showed a natural potential for low surface erosion. When related to usage types, yearly soil loss was also low (<50 ton.ha–1.year–1), with more critical scores that reach rates higher than 150 ton.ha–1.year–1. Soil loss over the years did not provide great distinctions in distribution standards, although it becames rather intensified in some sectors, especially in the center-eastern and southwestern sections of the watershed.
Shell occupation by the hermit crab Dardanus insignis (Decapoda, Diogenidae) from the north Coast of São Paulo state, Brazil
Authors: Frameschi I. F. , Andrade L. S. , Fransozo V. , Fernandes-Góes L. C. , Castilho A. L.
Published: November 2015

Abstract The pattern of shell occupation by the hermit crab Dardanus insignis (Saussure, 1858) from the subtropical region of southeastern coast of Brazil was investigated in the present study. The percentage of shell types that were occupied and the morphometric relationships between hermit crabs and occupied shells were analyzed from monthly collections conducted during two years (from January 1998 to December 1999). Individuals were categorized according to sex and gonadal maturation, weighed and measured with respect to their cephalothoracic shield length (CSL) and wet weight (CWW). Shells were measured regarding their aperture width (SAW), dry weight (SDW) and internal volume (SIV). A total of 1086 hermit crabs was collected, occupying shells of 11 gastropod species. Olivancillaria urceus (Roding, 1798) was most commonly used by the hermit crab D. insignis, followed by Buccinanops cochlidium (Dillwyn, 1817), and Stramonita haemastoma (Linnaeus, 1767). The highest determination coefficients (r2 > 0.50, p < 0.01) were recorded particularly in the morphometric relationships between CSL vs. CWW and SAW vs. SIV, which are important indication that in this D. insignis population the great majority the animals occupied adequate shells during the two years analysed. The high number of used shell species and relative plasticity in pattern of shell utilization by smaller individuals of D. insignis indicated that occupation is influenced by the shell availability, while larger individuals demonstrated more specialized occupation in Tonna galea (Linnaeus, 1758) shell.
Physical characterization of a watershed through GIS: a study in the Schmidt stream, Brazil
Authors: Reis D. R. , Plangg R. , Tundisi J. G. , Quevedo D. M.
Published: November 2015

Remote sensing and geoprocessing are essential tools for obtaining and maintaining records of human actions on space over the course of time; these tools offer the basis for diagnoses of land use, environmental interference and local development. The Schmidt stream watershed, located in the Sinos River basin, in southern Brazil, has an environmental situation similar to that of the majority of small streams draining rural and urban areas in southern Brazil: agricultural and urbanization practices do not recognize the riparian area and there is removal of original vegetation, disregarding the suitability of land use; removal of wetlands; intensive water use for various activities; and lack of control and monitoring in the discharge of wastewater, among other factors, deteriorate the quality of this important environment.This article aims to achieve a physical characterization of the Schmidt stream watershed (Sinos river basin) identifying elements such as land use and occupation, soil science, geology, climatology, extent and location of watershed, among others, so as to serve as the basis for a tool that helps in the integrated environmental management of watersheds. By applying geographic information system - GIS to the process of obtaining maps of land use and occupation, pedologicaland geological, and using climatological data from the Campo Bom meteorological station, field visit, review of literature and journals, and publicly available data, the physical characterization of the Schmidt stream watershed was performed, with a view to the integrated environmental management of this watershed. Out of the total area of the Schmidt stream watershed (23.92 km2), in terms of geology, it was observed that 23.7% consist of colluvial deposits, 22.6% consist of grass facies, and 53.7% consist of Botucatu formation. Major soil types of the watershed: 97.4% Argisols and only 2.6% Planosols. Land use and occupation is characterized by wetland (0.5%), Native Forest (12.83%), Native Forest + Rural Anthropic + Secondary Vegetation + Forestry (43.81%), Urban Anthropic/Urban Area (39.85%), and also Urban Anthropic/Expansion areas (3.01%). Mean annual rainfall is 1337 mm, maximum temperatures range from 10.5°C to 41.6°C and minimum temperatures range from –1.80°C and 26°C, weak winds, occasionally over 5 m/s. Conducting an environmental assessment in this watershed is essential for environmental and land management. However, these assessments are not conducted in all watersheds and, when they are, their frequency is not sufficiency to allow for continuous monitoring, in order to model and predict scenarios, with a view to adopt medium and long-term measures for environmental protection.
Ethnozoology in Brazil: analysis of the methodological risks in published studies
Authors: Lyra-Neves R. M. , Santos E. M. , Medeiros P. M. , Alves R. R. N. , Albuquerque U. P.
Published: November 2015

Abstract There has been a growth in the field of Ethnozoology throughout the years, especially in Brazil, where a considerable number of scientific articles pertaining to this subject has been published in recent decades. With this increase in publications comes the opportunity to assess the quality of these publications, as there are no known studies assessing the methodological risks in this area. Based on this observation, our objectives were to compile the papers published on the subject of ethnozoology and to answer the following questions: 1) Do the Brazilian ethnozoological studies use sound sampling methods?; 2) Is the sampling quality influenced by characteristics of the studies/publications? The studies found in databases and using web search engines were compiled to answer these questions. The studies were assessed based on their nature, sampling methods, use of hypotheses and tests, journal’s impact factor, and animal group studied. The majority of the studies analyzed exhibited problems associated with the samples, as 144 (66.98%) studies were classified as having a high risk of bias. With regard to the characteristics analyzed, we determined that a quantitative nature and the use of tests are essential components of good sampling. Most studies classified as moderate and low risk either did not provide these data or provided data that were not clear; therefore, these studies were classified as being of a quali-quantitative nature. Studies performed with vertebrate groups were of high risk. Most of the papers analyzed here focused on fish, insects, and/or mollusks, thus highlighting the difficulties associated with conducting interviews regarding tetrapod vertebrates. Such difficulties are largely related to the extremely strict Brazilian laws, justified by the decline and extinction of some species, related to the use of wild tetrapod vertebrates.
Contribuição de caracteres agronômicos para a produtividade de grãos em pinhão-manso
Authors: Teodoro Paulo Eduardo , Costa Rhayanne Dias , Rocha Rodrigo Barros , Laviola Bruno Galvêas
Published: November 2015

RESUMO O conhecimento da associação entre os caracteres que compõem a produtividade é importante para a seleção de plantas superiores, principalmente para garantir que o ganho genético ocorra para os diversos caracteres favoráveis. No pinhão-manso, a produtividade de grãos é o principal alvo do programa de melhoramento, porém existem outros caracteres importantes que impactam na produção. Diante desse contexto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi estimar, por meio de análise de trilha, os efeitos diretos e indiretos de caracteres vegetativos sobre a produtividade de grãos de pinhão-manso. Aos 18 meses após o plantio, foram mensurados os caracteres altura de plantas, diâmetro do caule, número de ramos por planta, projeção da copa na linha, projeção da copa na entrelinha e produtividade de grãos. Foram estimadas as correlações fenotípicas entre os caracteres avaliados, sendo essas correlações desdobradas, por meio da análise de trilha, em efeitos diretos e indiretos, considerando-se o caráter produtividade de grãos como a variável dependente principal. Observou-se que 76% da variação em produtividade foi explicada pelas variáveis explicativas, valor este superior ao observado em outros estudos e adequado para explorar os ganhos com a seleção direta e indireta em pinhão-manso. Os caracteres diâmetro do caule, massa de cem sementes e projeção da copa na entrelinha influenciam diretamente a produtividade de grãos, sendo indicados para seleção direta, assim como para a seleção indireta de progênies superiores de pinhão-manso para produtividade de grãos.
A Bioética na Tomada de Decisão na Atenção Primária à Saúde
Authors: Ferreira Debora Carvalho , Silva Junior Aluisio Gomes da , Batista Rodrigo Siqueira
Published: November 2015

RESUMO A prática médica se alicerça no julgamento e na tomada de decisão acerca das ações de cuidado – dirigidas aos usuários, às famílias e às comunidades –, o que implica a composição das dimensões técnica e ética da prática clínica. Partindo do pressuposto da importância do processo decisório e do julgamento na prática médica, busca-se discutir essa dimensão no cotidiano do médico de família e comunidade em seu trabalho assistencial na Atenção Primária à Saúde. Para isto, apresenta-se uma situação clínica fictícia e com base nela são feitas considerações sobre raciocínios éticos no âmbito da bioética, em busca da resolução do problema. Chama-se a atenção para a importância de estimular tais raciocínios na práxis desses profissionais.
Ambiente Virtual de Avaliação de Competências no Manejo do Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Silva Eldeci Cardoso da , Taleb Chater , Costa Nilce Maria da Silva Campos
Published: November 2015

RESUMO O diabetes mellitus apresenta inúmeras lacunas na efetividade do seu tratamento, e a avaliação em serviço necessita ser contínua, sistemática e com dimensão orientadora de seus elementos intrínsecos: processo formativo e avaliação de competências profissional. Objetivo Apresentar o desenho didático de construção de ferramenta de avaliação de competências que o médico possui sobre o manejo do diabetes mellitus, com base em sua fisiopatologia. Métodos Estruturada como uma pesquisa participativa, o Ambiente Virtual de Avaliação de Competências, por meio de casos clínicos virtuais simulados, propõe um desenho aberto que vai sendo construído, avaliado, corrigido e melhorado durante sua execução. Resultados Com Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação (TIC), o instrumento foi desenvolvido no âmbito de uma pesquisa de mestrado vinculada à Telessaúde da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Goiás. Validado o instrumento, viabilizou-se sua utilização por discentes e profissionais. Considerações As ações interativas propostas pelo ambiente virtual possibilitarão avaliar conhecimentos e identificar padrões que poderão melhorar conteúdos para manejo do DM. Propõe-se sua utilização na rede básica de saúde para confirmar sua validação, a fim de alcançar seus objetivos.
Integralidade e Interdisciplinaridade na Formação de Estudantes de Medicina
Authors: Santos Renata Newman Leite Cardoso dos , Ribeiro Kátia Suely Queiroz Silva , Anjos Ulisses Umbelino dos , Farias Danyelle Nóbrega de , Lucena Eleazar Marinho de Freitas
Published: November 2015

RESUMO Este artigo objetiva investigar de que forma os alunos de Medicina estão sendo formados quanto à integralidade e à interdisciplinaridade. O estudo teve abordagens qualitativa e quantitativa. Inicialmente, foi realizado um grupo focal com estudantes do último ano do curso de Medicina da Universidade Federal da Paraíba; posteriormente, todos os estudantes matriculados no último ano do curso responderam a um questionário elaborado pelos pesquisadores, com questões sobre o perfil sociodemográfico e estudantil, e sobre a integralidade e interdisciplinaridade na formação médica. As questões avaliaram conceito, prática, aptidão profissional e contribuição da extensão universitária para a integralidade e interdisciplinaridade, as quais se mostraram limitadas na formação dos estudantes. Os resultados apontam a necessidade de priorizar a interação entre teoria e prática; investir na formação dos docentes de modo a capacitá-los para atuação/ensino da integralidade e interdisciplinaridade; organizar as atividades para que possam garantir encontros em componentes curriculares obrigatórios, realizando atividades conjuntas numa perspectiva interdisciplinar; diversificar mais os cenários de prática, para que contemplem a integralidade no cuidado e a atuação interdisciplinar, em todos os níveis de atenção à saúde.
TERRITORIALIDADE E SOCIOBIODIVERSIDADE NA CONFIGURAÇÃO DO ESPAÇO PRODUTIVO DA COMUNIDADE OLHO D’ÁGUA DOS NEGROS NO MUNICÍPIO DE ESPERANTINA-PI
Authors: Fé Elisângela Guimarães Moura , Gomes Jaíra Maria Alcobaça
Published: November 2015

RESUMO O artigo apresenta reflexões que subsidiam a compreensão da relação entre os saberes locais e o manejo e uso de recursos naturais na organização do espaço produtivo da comunidade quilombola Olho d’Água dos Negros, situada no município de Esperantina, no Piauí. Buscou-se analisar a atual organização espacial, reunindo elementos socioeconômicos e simbólico-culturais, e a relação entre a sociobiodiversidade no extrativismo vegetal, com ênfase no buriti, na conservação ambiental e na valorização dos saberes locais. De caráter etnográfico e qualitativo, utilizou-se de mapeamento participativo para compreender os padrões de uso da terra. O processo de conquista da terra, aliado aos movimentos sociais, fortaleceu a identidade étnica e a mobilização política em busca de políticas públicas em prol de conquistas sociais na comunidade. Verificou-se que o espaço produtivo é limitado à produção de gêneros destinados ao autoconsumo, com reduzida atividade agrícola e subutilização de produtos oriundos do extrativismo de espécies vegetais. Os cercados, espaços de uso misto nos quintais das residências, é o tipo de uso que mais se expande na comunidade, na qual o buritizal cumpre a função ecológica de proteger o olho d’água e as veredas. Entretanto, no extrativismo, este fruto é subutilizado, sendo aproveitado apenas in natura.