bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Critical Discourse Analysis of Tamil Cultural Identity in Celebrity Endorsement in Advertisements
Authors: Shivany S.
Published: November 2018

This study examined printed image advertisements in Jaffna market from a Critical Discourse Analysis perspective. This study mainly focused on the Tamil cultural identity in celebrity endorsements employed by advertisers to influence their customers. The analysis is based on Fairclough's three-dimensional framework. It demonstrates how the ideology of 'cultural identity' is produced and reproduced through advertisements in popular printed advertisement materials. A qualitative research was conducted on 15 newspaper advertisements. Findings indicated that advertisers used various strategies to reach the consumers through cultural identity. The advertisements, which promote Tamil cultural identity, norms and influence customers to a certain extent into believing whatever that is advertised is undeniably true. This study revealed that the Tamil cultural identity was considered as an advertising strategy by few producers for positioning their products. Findings showed that cultural celebrity commendations are advertising language used to switch consumers' minds. Thus advertisers use celebrity commendations as a means to exercise control over the unique culture, but it can be seen in few advertisements, but it is recommended that the producers and providers of services should consider the celebrity features, which set with the culture of the consumer, to whom the company targets.
Repatriation Adjustment of Academics: Is Co-worker Support A Matter of Influence
Authors: Robinson J.
Published: November 2018

Over the last few decades, the literature on corporate repatriation has stressed the importance of effective management of repatriation and has highlighted the fact that unsuccessful management of repatriation leads to employees suffering from problems of adjustment which result in stress and loss of motivation at work. Literature highlights that co-worker support help employees to get rid of their stress and establish certainty in an uncertain environment. However, co-workers' influence on repatriation adjustment has apparently been neither discussed nor empirically tested among academic repatriates so far. Given that, in this study researcher aims to find out the impact of academic repatriates' perceived co-worker support on repatriation adjustment. Data was collected from 102 Sri Lankan academic repatriates who had been attached to a foreign university or academic institution for more than one-year, had been involved in academic activities, and, at the survey date, had returned within the past four years. The data was analyzed using appropriate statistical tools. This study found that repatriates' perceived co-worker support had a positive impact on repatriation adjustment. Further, this study found repatriates' personal and situational variables has an influence on co-worker support but not on adjustment. The overall findings underline the essential role of co-worker in the adjustment process of academic repatriates. An in-depth discussion of findings, contributions, limitations, and implications for further research are presented.
Acute fatty liver of pregnancy: A case report of successfully managed an uncommon catastrophic disease
Authors: Varuni K. , Sivansuthan S , Gajanthan R.
Published: November 2018

Acute fatty liver disease of pregnancy has universally high fatality rate. But with modern treatment and early anticipation of diagnosis and complication, and with appropriate supportive management it has improved prognosis.
Role Modeling in Medicine
Authors: Sathiadas M.G.
Published: November 2018

No abstract available.
Scope of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery: Experience in Jaffna
Authors: Wijesinghe Sarath
Published: November 2018

Oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMFS) is a branch of surgery to treat a wide spectrum of diseases, injuries and defects of face, jaws, oral cavity, oropharynx, neck and associated structures. The specialty is still evolving worldwide. We recall our experience in the year 2016 and 2017, the initial two years since the OMFS unit is first established in TH Jaffna.
Evaluation In The Management of Cholidochlithiasis (Common Bile duct stones)
Authors: Gobishankar S.
Published: November 2018

Common bile duct (CBD) stones affects around 5-15% of patient with gallbladder stones. Mainly it comes from gall bladder, but occasionally it can develop in the CBD itself. Patients will develop serious complications like acute pancreatitis, cholangitis, obstructive jaundice and secondary biliary cirrhosis. It is essential to exclude or confirm the CBD stones in patient with gall stones disease. Serum bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase levels and trans abdominal ultrasound scans were the basic investigation tools. With the technological development Magnetic resonance imaging MRI and laparoscopic ultrasound scan play important roles in the investigation of CBD stones. At the same times ERCP develops as a main diagnostic and therapeutic tool in the management of the CBD stones. After the introduction of the laparoscopy in the field of surgery it starts to contribute much in the management of biliary stones as well. Laparoscopic approach changes the two stage procedure of the gall stones disease as cholecystectomy and pre or post cholecystectomy ERCP in to single stage procedure. Aim of this article is to discuss the changes happen over the past few decades in the management of CBD stones and how and why it occurred.
A Case Report on Pyodermatitis-pyostomatitis vegetans (PD-PSV) in a patient with ulcerative colitis
Authors: Anushan K. , Sivapirakasam S.
Published: November 2018

Pyodermatitis-pyostomatitis vegetans (PD-PSV)), is a very rare, chronic inflammatory dermatosis. It is characterized by large exudative, verrucous plaques with well-defined and elevated borders with typical mucocutaneous involvement.
Diagnostic utility of positron emission tomography-computed tomography and indications for 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose and amyloid-tracers
Authors: Calcagni Maria Lucia , Feudo Vanessa , Triumbari Elizabeth Katherine Anna
Published: November 2018

Positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) is a nuclear medicine imaging technique widely used in oncology, cardiology and neurology where it’is becoming of great interest especially because of its role in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis between several pathological conditions involving the nervous system. In neurodegenerative diseases, the most used PET-CT radiopharmaceuticals are 18Fluoro-Fluorodeoxyglucose (18FFDG), a glucose analogue that is able to identify abnormalities of cerebral glucose metabolism, and amyloid-tracers (11C-PiB, 18F-Florbetapir, 18F-Flutemetamol, 18F-Florbetaben) that are able to detect presence of amyloid plaques. Depending on the specific characteristic of tracers and patient’s disease, the examination has dedicated appropriate indications that are illustrated in this article. PET-CT, with its several tracers, is an accurate tool in evaluating neurodegenerative diseases. 18F-FDG is considered a hallmark of the stage of the disease. Glucose hypometabolism in specific cerebral areas allows distinguishing different degenerative diseases. Amyloid tracers are considered the hallmark of the state of the disease. The uptake of PET-amyloids tracers reflects the cortical regional density of amyloid plaques.
Stability conditions on Fano threefolds of Picard number 1
Authors: Li Chunyi
Published: November 2018

We prove the conjectural Bogomolov–Gieseker type inequality for tilt-stable objects on each Fano threefold

X

of Picard number 1. In view of the previous works [1], [2] and [3] on Bridgeland stability conditions, this induces an open subset of geometric stability conditions on D

^b(X)

. We also get a new stronger bound for Chern characters of slope semistable sheaves on

X

.
The Circus and the Deadly Child: Ruptures of Social Code in Jude the Obscure
Authors: Wilson-Bates Tobias
Published: November 2018

Thomas Hardy’s Jude the Obscure has frequently been read as Hardy›s social critique of marriage, class, and systemic education. Readings of the novel in this critical tradition have a tendency to simplify the text into an allegory emergent from Hardy’s own biography. I seek to destabilize these readings by instead engaging with the text as one not concerned with institutions but rather the underlying social codes that give them coherence. By pairing Mikhail Bakhtin’s concept of speech and counter speech with Lee Edelman’s queer critique of child-centered futurity, I offer a new reading of the novel that privileges codes and legibility as central to the novel’s critical project.
Maro Duka: Mačje zlato
Authors: Novak Doroteja
Published: November 2018

Maro Duka (Μάρω Δούκα) se je rodila leta 1947 v mestu Hania na Kreti. Leta 1966 se je preselila v Atene, kjer je začela s študijem na Oddelku za zgodovino in arheologijo na Filozofski fakulteti. Kmalu zatem, ko se je vpisala na univerzo, natančneje 21. aprila 1967, je v Grčiji prišlo do državnega udara. To je vzpodbudilo takrat dvajsetletno Maro, da se je pridružila študentskim gibanjem, ki so se borila proti represivni hunti. V tistem času jo je vojaška oblast zaprla, ker je skrivala člana odporniškega gibanja, a je k sreči prejela le pogojno kazen. Roman z naslovom Αρχαία σκουριά (Mačje zlato) je nastal leta 1979, kmalu po koncu diktature (padla je leta 1974) in v času, ko se je v Grčiji ponovno začela vzpostavljati demokracija.
Ancient Plays on Stage in Communist Poland
Authors: Olechowska Elżbieta
Published: November 2018

A recently published analytical register of all ancient plays and plays inspired by antiquity staged in Poland during communism, provided factual material for this study of ancient drama in Polish theatre controlled by the state and of its evolution from the end of WW2 to the collapse of the Soviet regime. The quasi-total devastation of theatrical infrastructure and loss of talent caused by the war, combined with an immediate seizing of control over culture by Communist authorities, played a crucial role in the shaping of the reborn stage and its repertoire. All Aeschylus’ plays were performed at various points during the period, four out of seven Sophocles’ tragedies – with Antigone, a special case, by far the most popular – about half of the extant Euripides’ drama, some Aristophanes, very little of Roman tragedy (Seneca) and a bit more of Roman comedy (Plautus). The ancient plays were produced in big urban centres, as well as in the provinces, and nationally, by the state radio and later television. The various theatres and the most important directors involved in these productions are discussed and compared, with a chronological and geographical list of venues and plays provided.
Os oficiais índios e a mão de obra indígena livre na Amazônia colonial (1700-1798)
Authors: Rocha Rafael Ale
Published: November 2018

O presente artigo pretende entender o recrudescimento do oficialato indígena (principais, oficiais militares e oficiais das câmaras municipais) na capitania do Pará durante a segunda metade do século XVIII (1750-1798). Por meio da análise de documentação diversa, especialmente as cartas patentes dos oficiais e os requerimentos pela confirmação régia desses diplomas legais, pretendemos identificar os requisitos necessários à eleição de um oficial indígena. A partir dessas informações, verificaremos que a mediação entre as expectativas dos índios moradores das povoações pombalinas (antigos aldeamentos missionários) e as demandas coloniais (mão de obra indígena) eram elementos essenciais para a nomeação de um oficial. Em relação ao último aspecto, ao lado da mobilização de contingentes indígenas às guerras, o manejo da mão de obra indígena livre por parte das lideranças indígenas era item essencial para a sua nomeação como oficial.
Judiciário trabalhista e relações de trabalho no Brasil: relativizando teses, enterrando mitos
Authors: Lobo Valéria Marques
Published: November 2018

Entrevista
Barbara Weinstein e os Mundos do Trabalho na Amazônia
Authors: Cardoso Antônio Alexandre Isidio
Published: November 2018

Entrevista
Lideranças estrangeiras entre os trabalhadores manauaras (1910-1930)
Authors: Pinheiro Luís Balkar Sá Peixoto
Published: November 2018

O artigo aborda a trajetória de três militantes estrangeiros – o italiano Targino Mariani, o espanhol Joaquim Azpilicueta e o português Tércio Miranda – no interior do movimento operário manauara das três primeiras décadas do século XX, buscando informar os vínculos ideológicos e as perspectivas político-sindicais por eles assumidas, além de analisar suas atuações, interações e oposições tanto entre si, quanto com outras lideranças e trabalhadores amazonenses na construção de suas identidades operárias.
Globalizando a História do Trabalho: o caso da revista Internacional Labor and Working-Class History
Authors: Weinstein Barbara
Published: November 2018

O presente artigo segue a trajetória da revista International Labor and Working-Class History (ILWCH) ao longo das últimas duas décadas, delineando sua transição de uma revista com um enfoque quase exclusivamente na história da Europa para uma publicação com uma perspectiva mais global. Embora houvesse nas páginas da ILWCH um interesse na globalização como fenômeno começando nos anos 1990, um importante artigo sobre este tema escrito por Charles Tilly em 1995 ainda refletia uma abordagem altamente eurocêntrica. Mas na década seguinte, a composição da comissão editorial começou a mudar, e uma série de artigos – vários deles autorizados pelo historiador social holandês Marcel van der Linden – foram publicados na revista montando argumentos em favor de uma nova e verdadeiramente globalizada história do trabalho. Entre as implicações dessa nova Global Labor History vem a necessidade de repensar a categoria histórica de trabalho e de trabalhador/a e a relação entre o trabalho precário ou não livre à história do capitalismo. Ao mesmo tempo, outros historiadores, geralmente trabalhando nas regiões do “Sul Global”, têm questionado os pressupostos da Global Labor History, especialmente a tendência de fazer avançar um tipo de “narrativa de convergência” que continua privilegiando as experiências históricas do capitalismo nos países do “Norte Global”.
Direitos e cidadania no Rio de Janeiro: poder e disputas por espaços de trabalho na Praia da Saúde em 1841
Authors: Santos Junior Edilson Nunes
Published: November 2018

A relação entre cidadania e trabalho está diretamente associada à reivindicação de direitos no Rio de Janeiro oitocentista. Conlitos entre instituições responsáveis pela regulação e controle dos mundos do trabalho abriram possibilidades à conformação de estratégias populares de luta por espaços de trabalho e condições de sobrevivência. A representação dos moradores da praiada Saúde em 1841 permite analisar como os cidadãos da corte entenderam e utilizaram os dispositivos legais e as sobreposições de jurisdição entre a Câmara Municipal e o Juízo de Paz em defesa de seus espaços de trabalho como exercício da cidadania.
Brief Communication: Measuring rock decelerations and rotation changes during short-duration ground impacts
Authors: Caviezel Andrin , Gerber Werner
Published: November 2018

Abstract. Rockfall trajectories are primarily influenced by ground contacts, causing
changes in acceleration and rock rotation. The duration of contacts and its
influence on the rock kinematics are highly variable and generally unknown.
The lack of knowledge hinders the development and calibration of physics-based rockfall trajectory models needed for hazard mitigation. To address
this problem we placed three-axis gyroscopes and accelerometers in rocks of
various sizes and shapes with the goal of quantifying rock deceleration in
natural terrain. Short ground contacts range between 8 and 15 ms,
longer contacts between 50 and 70 ms, totalling to only 6 % of the runtime. Our
results underscore the highly nonlinear character of rock–ground
interactions.
Geomechanical modelling of sinkhole development using distinct elements: model verification for a single void space and application to the Dead Sea area
Authors: Al-Halbouni Djamil , Holohan Eoghan P. , Taheri Abbas , Schöpfer Martin P. J. , Emam Sacha , Dahm Torsten
Published: November 2018

Abstract. Mechanical and/or chemical removal of material from the subsurface may generate large subsurface cavities, the destabilisation of which can lead to ground collapse and the formation of sinkholes. Numerical simulation of the interaction of cavity growth, host material deformation and overburden collapse is desirable to better understand the sinkhole hazard but is a challenging task due to the involved high strains and material discontinuities. Here, we present 2-D distinct element method numerical simulations of cavity growth and sinkhole development. Firstly, we simulate cavity formation by quasi-static, stepwise removal of material in a single growing zone of an arbitrary geometry and depth. We benchmark this approach against analytical and boundary element method models of a deep void space in a linear elastic material. Secondly, we explore the effects of properties of different uniform materials on cavity stability and sinkhole development. We perform simulated biaxial tests to calibrate macroscopic geotechnical parameters of three model materials representative of those in which sinkholes develop at the Dead Sea shoreline: mud, alluvium and salt. We show that weak materials do not support large cavities, leading to gradual sagging or suffusion-style subsidence. Strong materials support quasi-stable to stable cavities, the overburdens of which may fail suddenly in a caprock or bedrock collapse style. Thirdly, we examine the consequences of layered arrangements of weak and strong materials. We find that these are more susceptible to sinkhole collapse than uniform materials not only due to a lower integrated strength of the overburden but also due to an inhibition of stabilising stress arching. Finally, we compare our model sinkhole geometries to observations at the Ghor Al-Haditha sinkhole site in Jordan. Sinkhole depth ∕ diameter ratios of 0.15 in mud, 0.37 in alluvium and 0.33 in salt are reproduced successfully in the calibrated model materials. The model results suggest that the observed distribution of sinkhole depth ∕ diameter values in each material type may partly reflect sinkhole growth trends.
Impact of Interaction Between the Board of Directors and the Reputation of the Audit on the Performance of Companies: Study on the Tunisian Context
Authors: Boumediene Emna
Published: November 2018

This research aims to test the impact of the interaction between the external audit reputation and the characteristics of the board of directors on the firm performance. Hence, we have tried to test the hypothesis of Williamson (1983) in the Tunisian context.The results obtained in the empirical analyses show a significantly negative effect of the interaction between the external audit reputation and the board independence of the financial performance of the firm. This result reveals the substitution effect between these two mechanisms.
Beщь/Objet/Gegenstand on the International Stage
Authors: Reischl Katherine M. H.
Published: November 2018

This article examines the Blue Mountain Project's digitization of Ilya Ehrenburg and El Lissitzky's constructivist journal Veschch/Objet/Gegenstand. The article considers the international aims of the short-lived journal with respect to its organization and border-crossing content. It also seeks to understand how the journal's new digital home maintains—and transforms—those international aims. Ultimately, the article argues that the Blue Mountain Project's digitization allows for the (re)articulation of constructivism in the present.
Computational Cut-Ups: The Influence of Dada
Authors: Thompson Laure , Mimno David
Published: November 2018

Can a tool designed to detect dogs detect Dada? We apply a cutting-edge image analysis tool, convolutional neural networks (CNNs), to a collection of page images from modernist journals. This process radically deforms the images from cultural artifacts into lists of numbers. We determine whether the tool can distinguish Dada from other non-Dada avant-garde works, and in the process learn something about the cohesiveness of Dada as a visual form. We can also analyze the “mistakes” made in classifying Dada to search for the visual influence of Dada as a movement.
Musicking the Body: Dual Creativity in the Score for King Hu’s Raining in the Mountain (空山靈雨) (1979)
Authors: Wang Shuang
Published: November 2018

In 1979 Wu Dajiang wrote the score to King Hu’s film Raining in the Mountain, which engages with the filmic presentation of the bodies embedded in the religious and cultural landscapes. This article seeks to explore the bodily rhythm and narrative of the film and the way they express Buddhist ideals.
Investigating the Negative Relationship between Wages and Obesity: New Evidence from the Work, Family, and Health Network
Authors: Trombley Matthew J. , Bray Jeremy W. , Hinde Jesse M. , Buxton Orfeu M. , Johnson Ryan C.
Published: November 2018

A substantial literature has established that obesity is negatively associated with wages, particularly among females.  However, prior research has found limited evidence for the factors hypothesized to underlie the obesity wage penalty.  We add to the literature using data from IT workers at a U.S. Fortune 500 firm that provides us with direct measures of employee income and BMI, and health measures that are unavailable in national-level datasets.  Our estimates indicate that the wage-obesity penalty among females only occurs among obese mothers, and is not attributable to differences in health or human capital that may be caused by having children. Published: Online November 2018.
Wiederaufleben von Drittsicherheiten
Authors: Kalisz Sven
Published: November 2018

The reinstatement of third-party collateral has not received much academic attention to date. Previous treatment of this issue has, in relation to many questions, merely led to seemingly apodictic assertions, without taking each systematic, historical context into account. This work provides coherent, dogmatically well-founded reasoning with respect to this set of issues. It scrutinizes prior approaches to this, in particular the differentiation between accessory and non-accessory collateral, resolves issues that have been disputed to date and provides a viable, dogmatic solution.

In conclusion, possible contractual solutions are outlined which, contrary to previous approaches, except for tax and accounting law issues, protect the collateral taker as far as possible against good faith acquisition by third parties and can stand up to the strict case law relating to “restrictive security agreements”.

This work is aimed at both practitioners and academics.
Materielle Konsolidierung bei Konzerninsolvenz
Authors: Hong Yan
Published: November 2018

Substantive consolidation permits a court, in insolvency proceedings involving two or more business syndicates, to disregard the separate identity of each one in appropriate circumstances and consolidate their assets and liabilities, treating them as if they were held and incurred by a single entity. While substantive consolidation can be ordered by a US or Chinese court, despite an absence of direct statutory authority, German lawmakers have explicitly refused to adopt this kind of consolidation in their latest legislation on business syndicate insolvency. From a comparative legal perspective, the author of this study analyses the various arguments for and against the use of substantive consolidation in the US, Germany and China, and comes to the conclusion that the imposition of substantive consolidation in group insolvency can be justified by two principles firmly embedded in insolvency law: “efficiency” and “creditor autonomy”.
Test cesty: Normativní česká data pro žáky 9. tříd ZŠ až 4. ročníků SŠ
Authors: Sokolová Hana , Cígler Hynek
Published: November 2018

V předkládané studii jsou uvedena normativní česká data pro neuropsychologickou screeningovou zkoušku Test cesty pro věkovou skupinu dospívajících (15-19 let). Potvrdilo se, že není možné přejímat výsledky Testu cesty z jiného kulturního kontextu. Čeští studenti podali statisticky významně horší výkony ve srovnání s českým manuálem k metodě uváděnými normami ze zahraničí i ve srovnání s daty jiných zahraničních studií. Dále byly identifikovány faktory, které se významně podílejí na výsledku v Testu cesty u skupiny českých adolescentů - typ navštěvované střední školy a ročník studia, v protikladu s výsledky jiných výzkumů se neprokázala souvislost výkonu s věkem. Ověřovány byly také psychometrické charakteristiky metody. Pro praktické využití odbornými pracovníky je uveden metodický list pro práci s normami. Získaná data pomohou pracovníkům pedagogicko-psychologických poraden lépe identifikovat žáky s možnou potřebou podpůrných opatření ve vzdělávání, mohou být užitečná také pro klinické psychology při screeningu neurologického oslabení dospívajících.
Adaptivní maticový test - recenze metody
Authors: Ťápal Adam , Gabrhel Vít
Published: November 2018

Adaptivní Maticový Test (AMT) v rámci Vídeňského testového systému (VTS) je neverbální počítačově administrovanou metodou určenou k měření obecné inteligence, z hlediska CHC teorie (např. Carroll, 1993) k měření inteligence fluidní, konkrétně schopnosti induktivního usuzování. Test je určen pro neklinickou populaci v řadě kontextů, od dopravní psychologie přes personalistiku až po neuropsychologická vyšetření. AMT využívá řady předností moderních psychometrických postupů (adaptivní testování, dosažení shodné úrovně přesnosti měření nezávisle na úrovni měřeného rysu, ochrana položkové banky před nadměrnou expozicí apod.) a pro administrátora testu je uživatelsky příjemnou metodou. Test, respektive testová příručka, kterou čtenář dostává spolu s testem k dispozici (jak v české, tak anglické verzi), však trpí řadou nedostatků. Česká verze manuálu je z hlediska poskytování úplných a kvalitních informací pro uživatele testu zcela nedostatečná. Chybí informace o reliabilitě vyjma vnitřní konzistence, o důkazech validity, o normách, o procesu vývoje testu a jednotlivých položek či informace spojené s položkovou analýzou. Na AMT lze ocenit inovativnost, příjemnost použití, adaptivní povahu a (tušené) solidní racionále pro tvorbu položek a předpokládané fungování testu. Testové materiály jsou však neadekvátní a působí nedokončeným dojmem – především česká verze manuálu, kterou rozhodně nelze doporučit pro užívání. Z uvedených důvodů tedy doporučujeme užívat test AMT jen velmi obezřetně k orientačnímu měření fluidní inteligence – alespoň do chvíle, kdy bude manuál testu doplněn o informace, které získání důvěry v deklarované kvality testu náležitě podpoří.
"Malasanità": breve osservazione a proposito di un singolare quesito posto ai Consulenti Tecnici d’Ufficio in un caso di accertamento tecnico preventivo ex art. 8 della cosiddetta Legge Gelli-Bianco
Authors: Girolami Paolo
Published: November 2018

["Malasanità": brief observation on a singular question posed to Technical Consultants in a case of prior technical assessment pursuant to art. 8 of the so-called Legge Gelli-Bianco]Abstract non presente. Si riporta l'inizio dell'editoriale Nel luglio del 2018 il Giudice di un Tribunale riceveva istanza di accertamento tecnico preventivo ex art. 8 della cosiddetta Legge Gelli Bianco (Legge n. 24/2017) [1], che, come è noto, impone, a chi voglia esercitare di fronte al Giudice «un’azione risarcitoria derivante da responsabilità sanitaria, di tentare prima un percorso negoziale al fine di verificare la possibilità di evitare il processo» [2]. Nel caso in questione, il Giudice adíto, ai Consulenti Tecnici d’Ufficio (CTU) nominati poneva il seguente quesito: «Accertare l’entità delle lesioni e postumi permanenti residuate al signor XY a seguito dellamala sanità, il nesso di causa tra le lesioni lamentate e l’operato dei sanitari Usl, nonché la congruità delle spese mediche, la necessità di spese mediche future in modo da addivenire ad una composizione della lite».
Le rapport à l’écriture d’élèves de sixième année du primaire suivant un apprentissage intensif d’une langue seconde
Authors: Dezutter Olivier , Lamoureux Karine , Thomas Lynn , Lau Sunny Man Chu , Sabatier Cécile
Published: November 2018

Au Québec, un nombre de plus en plus important d’écoles organisent un apprentissage intensif de l’anglais en tant que langue seconde durant la sixième année du primaire. Nous présentons ici une partie des résultats d’une étude qui porte sur l’impact de cet apprentissage intensif sur le rapport que les élèves établissent avec l’écriture en français langue d’enseignement et en anglais langue seconde. Trente élèves issus de cinq classes ont été rencontrés lors de mini-entrevues à trois moments distincts au cours de l’année scolaire (début, milieu, fin). Les résultats obtenus indiquent que les enfants rencontrés ont des pratiques d’écriture diversifiées en français langue d’enseignement en dehors des commandes scolaires et que ces pratiques varient peu au fil de l’année. Pour quelques-uns d’entre eux, le module d’apprentissage intensif de l’anglais en tant que langue seconde a pour effet de provoquer l’émergence de quelques pratiques d’écriture extrascolaire dans cette langue. Une majorité déclare s’engager positivement dans les activités scripturales scolaires à certaines conditions et les juge utiles pour la progression de l’apprentissage. Enfin, plusieurs élèves font preuve du développement d’une attention métalinguistique qui leur permet de percevoir des différences entre les deux langues.
Rapport à l’écriture littéraire et pratiques déclarées d’enseignants du primaire en écriture et en lecture littéraires
Authors: Lamb Virginie , Plante Isabelle , Tremblay Ophélie
Published: November 2018

L’écriture littéraire place la littérature et le sujet écrivant au coeur de l’enseignement, en privilégiant la créativité et les liens unissant lecture et écriture littéraires. La présente étude s’intéresse au rapport à l’écriture littéraire d’enseignants du primaire québécois et à leurs pratiques d’enseignement de l’écriture et de la lecture, à partir d’un questionnaire adressé à un échantillon de 92 enseignants. Des analyses de variance ont révélé que les enseignants interrogés entretiennent un rapport à l’écriture littéraire généralement positif. Cependant, bien que certaines pratiques témoignent d’une préoccupation pour l’aspect littéraire de l’écriture, les enseignants rapportent faire peu écrire des textes de type littéraire à leurs élèves. Ces résultats soulignent la nécessité d’un renouvèlement des pratiques d’enseignement de l’écriture.
Quel est le rapport à l’écrit d’enseignants en sciences humaines au collégial?
Authors: Bousquet Ginette , Desmeules Louis
Published: November 2018

Mieux connaître le rapport à l’écrit des enseignants est un préalable à des changements de pratiques mobilisant les processus de lecture/écriture des étudiants adéquats. Cela peut servir à dégager des pistes d’intervention susceptibles d’amener des changements dans les pratiques d’accompagnement. L’objectif de cette recherche est de comprendre le rapport à l’écrit des enseignants. Pour répondre à cet objectif, une recherche descriptive a été conduite sous la forme d’une enquête par questionnaire (n=84) et par entrevues (n=13). Les résultats montrent à quel point les enseignants reconnaissent l’importance du développement des compétences à l’écrit de leurs étudiants et permettent d’identifier certaines difficultés dans les pratiques déclarées d’accompagnement des étudiants.
Motivation d’élèves en situation d’échec ayant expérimenté une mesure alternative au redoublement
Authors: Smith Jonathan , Chouinard Roch , Bergeron Julie , St-Amand Jérôme
Published: November 2018

Cette étude évalue les retombées de la classe de prolongation de cycle, une mesure alternative au redoublement, sur la motivation à apprendre. Des élèves n’ayant pas les acquis pour passer au deuxième cycle au secondaire ont expérimenté celle-ci. Ils ont été comparés à des pairs du même âge, qui ont été promus, en ce qui a trait à leurs attentes de succès ainsi qu’à la valeur qu’ils accordaient aux apprentissages, de manière générale et plus spécifiquement dans les domaines du français et des mathématiques. Les résultats d’analyses de variance indiquent que cette mesure a eu un effet quelque peu favorable sur le sentiment de compétence scolaire général, ainsi que celui lié spécifiquement aux apprentissages en français. Des conséquences moins négatives que le redoublement lui seraient donc associées, du moins sur le plan des attentes de succès.
Le design et l’empowerment au sein des communautés autochtones
Authors: Marques Leitão Renata , Marchand Anne , Dutil Mélanie
Published: November 2018

La colonisation a radicalement transformé la vie matérielle de nombreuses communautés autochtones. Cet article offre les fondements théoriques pour soutenir l’idée que la pratique du design pourrait contribuer à l’empowerment des individus et des communautés autochtones en améliorant leurs capacités d’agir et en changeant les circonstances matérielles dans lesquelles ils vivent. Il illustre ces concepts et principes, ainsi que leur structuration, à travers l’exemple d’un projet de recherche d’action participative impliquant des ateliers de design. Le design peut être défini comme une capacité intrinsèque des humains à créer et transformer la culture matérielle. Selon la définition de l’empowerment proposée par Kabeer (2001), l’empowerment est l’accroissement de la capacité des gens à faire des choix de vie stratégiques dans un contexte où cette capacité leur était auparavant refusée. Les auteures soutiennent que les choix sont proprement « stratégiques » seulement lorsqu’ils sont liés à un projet. Puisque la pratique du design implique de faire des projets et de les mener à la réalité matérielle, la capacité de faire des choix de vie stratégiques peut être améliorée par la formation et la pratique du design.
Voix autochtones au Musée de la civilisation de Québec
Authors: Desmarais Laurence , Jérôme Laurent
Published: November 2018

Cet article rend compte de points de vue autochtones sur le processus de réalisation de l’exposition permanente du Musée de la civilisation de QuébecC’est notre histoire : Premières Nations et Inuit duxxiesiècle(2013, en cours) et son résultat. Ce processus a été mené grâce un vaste terrain de concertation dans les communautés autochtones au Québec, après la mise sur pied de comités consultatifs et d’un partenariat privilégié avec l’organisme autochtone La Boîte Rouge VIF. Le résultat de ce processus complexe a été salué et reconnu dans le monde muséal. Mais cette feuille de route a-t-elle réellement participé à la réconciliation entre peuples autochtones et Musées ? L’article propose de valoriser le regard de certains autochtones engagés dans le processus de réalisation de l’exposition et de documenter les rapports qui se sont construits et négociés au sein de l’équipe de réalisation. L’étude permet de constater non seulement que les objectifs de concertation espérés et annoncés au départ ne se sont pas complètement réalisés, mais également qu’a perduré un déséquilibre du pouvoir malgré le processus de décolonisation au sein duquel est engagé le MCQ depuis de nombreuses années.
Missionnaires en territoire anicinabe
Authors: Hamel-Charest Laurence
Published: November 2018

Portant l’héritage des missionnaires qui ont participé à la colonisation canadienne, les missionnaires contemporains qui visitent des communautés amérindiennes du Québec doivent également faire face au pluralisme religieux qui les caractérise. Comment ces missionnaires contemporains sont-ils reçus ? L’analyse du cas de la communauté anicinabe de Lac-Simon qui reçoit plusieurs fois par année des missionnaires coréens évangéliques montre que les réponses des membres face à cette présence missionnaire sont divergentes. L’article développe l’hypothèse selon laquelle la tolérance religieuse permet d’expliquer la présence des missionnaires. Cette tolérance s’appuie entre autres sur un besoin de guérison. Plusieurs réponses sont examinées : celle d’Anicinabek chrétiens, celle d’individus indifférents mais tolérants, celle d’individus critiques mais pas ouvertement contre, sans oublier les réponses stratégiques et celles qui concernent les enfants. Une attention particulière est accordée aux réponses à propos de la participation des enfants anicinabek, ceux-ci étant la cible principale des missionnaires.
L’invisibilisation autochtone dans les politiques coloniales et républicaines
Authors: Tuncay Vildan Bahar
Published: November 2018

Cet article traite de l’invisibilisation des groupes autochtones du littoral de l’Équateur dans les politiques coloniales et républicaines. Cette invisibilisation se manifeste de diverses façons : par l’absence de ces groupes dans les politiques d’assimilation, d’acculturation et d’exploitation de l’époque coloniale et la faible présence des missions religieuses dans le littoral, de même que par l’absence de ces groupes dans les politiques indigénistes des années 30 et 40 et leur association à l’acculturation et à l’assimilation à la société métisse. À partir de la fin des années soixante, une série de phénomènes a mis en évidence les limites de la stratégie volontaire d’invisibilisation comme pratique de résistance et la nécessité de structurer un discours identitaire différent afin de protéger les terres communales. Il s’agit de l’émergence des conflits relatifs au statut légal des terres communales et aux enjeux de fragmentation et de vente des terres, et du développement des activités touristiques dans la région.
Le soufre d’Ollagüe
Authors: Rivera Francisco , Lorca Rodrigo , González Paula
Published: November 2018

Cet article propose un regard sur un ensemble de photographies afin d’étudier les transformations économiques et socioculturelles survenues au cours duxxesiècle à Ollagüe, une communauté autochtone du nord du Chili. Les ruines industrielles et la culture matérielle de l’exploitation du soufre y sont des témoins privilégiés d’une époque qui aspirait, dans l’utopie industrielle duxxesiècle, au développement économique régional et national. Les photographies permettent une interprétation fondée sur l’expérience et la mémoire. Elles permettent également une réflexion sur une pratique archéologique pouvant contribuer à la compréhension du contexte local d’une modernité complexe, avec ses propres expériences et spécificités.
Aracne: estudio de la variación lingüística en la prensa española entre 1914 y 2014
Authors: Álvarez Mellado Elena , Martín-Fuertes Moreno Leticia
Published: November 2018

Aracne es un proyecto de lingüística de corpus que tiene como propósito medir cuantitativamente cómo ha evolucionado el lenguaje de la prensa española entre 1914 y 2014, con especial atención a los rasgos de riqueza léxica. El proyecto ha consistido en la creación de un corpus de prensa de dos millones de palabras, confeccionado a partir de noticias extraídas de las hemerotecas de cuatro periódicos centenarios (El Norte de Castilla, El Diario de Mallorca, El Heraldo de Aragón y La Vanguardia). A partir de este corpus, se han obtenido distintas medidas de riqueza por décadas (variación, densidad léxica y complejidad de los artículos) y se han comparado los valores obtenidos en las distintas épocas. Los resultados muestran que la riqueza y la complejidad de los textos periodísticos se han mantenido notablemente estables en los últimos cien años.
Entre la oficialidad y el desvío: el arte digital cubano y su tratamiento crítico de la realidad tecnológica nacional
Authors: Ravelo García Monica Roxana , Benavente Morales Carolina
Published: November 2018

En el presente artículo nos centramos en el uso del medio digital en las obras de un grupo de artistas visuales cubanos entre los años 2000 y 2015, para elaborar un arte de resistencia artística, sociocultural y política ante las dificultades nacionales de acceso a las TIC y a la cibercultura. Empezamos por describir panorámicamente el contexto tecnológico nacional y las prácticas alternativas de conectividad desarrolladas por la sociedad civil, de las cuales los artistas son, a menudo, investigadores participantes. Proponemos dos temáticas recurrentes que reflejan el abordaje crítico de los artistas sobre el proceso de informatización nacional y de participación en la cibercultura: las dificultades de acceso y participación en los flujos digitales de información y en la cibercultura, por lado; y las prácticas sociales alternativas de conectividad con las cuales la población intenta revertir la realidad de su contexto, por el otro. Indicamos algunas oportunidades particulares de los artistas en el entramado social para el acceso a los medios y la comprensión de los asuntos abordados. Observamos distintas tendencias entre ellos, de acuerdo con sus soluciones artísticas, su ruptura con los formatos tradicionales y sus niveles de intervención en el espacio y las prácticas sociales. Finalmente, describimos las poéticas propuestas por cada autor y analizamos el comportamiento de algunos aspectos estructurales en el uso de lo digital, como materialidad, interactividad y relación espacio-tiempo.
Cinco ejes para pensar las humanidades digitales como proyecto de un nuevo humanismo digital
Authors: Rodríguez-Ortega Nuria
Published: November 2018

Este texto introduce el número especial de la revista Artnodes. Revista de Arte, Ciencia y Tecnología, dedicado a las humanidades digitales bajo el subtema «Políticas, sociedades, saberes», en el que se reúnen algunas de las contribuciones más interesantes presentada al III Congreso de la Sociedad Internacional de Humanidades Digitales Hispánicas, así como otras aportaciones que han enriquecido y ampliado los temas objeto de discusión.
A fin de procurar una mejor interpretación del marco teórico-metodológico en el que cobran sentido los artículos que conforman este monográfico especial, se establece una delineación general de las características que definen el campo de las humanidades digitales.
Finalmente, se indican los cinco ejes que, a juicio de la autora, son clave en la configuración de las humanidades digitales como proyecto para la construcción de un nuevo humanismo digital.
Textile‐Based Triboelectric Nanogenerators for Self‐Powered Wearable Electronics
Authors: Kwak Sung Soo , Yoon Hong‐Joon , Kim Sang‐Woo
Published: November 2018

Wearable smart electronic devices based on wireless systems use batteries as a power source. However, recent miniaturization and various functions have increased energy consumption, resulting in problems such as reduction of use time and frequent charging. These factors hinder the development of wearable electronic devices. In order to solve this energy problem, research studies on triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) are conducted based on the coupling of contact‐electrification and electrostatic induction effects for harvesting the vast amounts of biomechanical energy generated from wearer movement. The development of TENGs that use a variety of structures and materials based on the textile platform is reviewed, including the basic components of fibers, yarns, and fabrics made using various weaving and knitting techniques. These textile‐based TENGs are lightweight, flexible, highly stretchable, and wearable, so that they can effectively harvest biomechanical energy without interference with human motion, and can be used as activity sensors to monitor human motion. Also, the main application of wearable self‐powered systems is demonstrated and the directions of future development of textile‐based TENG for harvesting biomechanical energy presented.
Enhanced Interfacial Stability of Hybrid‐Electrolyte Lithium‐Sulfur Batteries with a Layer of Multifunctional Polymer with Intrinsic Nanoporosity
Authors: Yu Xingwen , Manthiram Arumugam
Published: November 2018

The use of lithium‐ion conductive solid electrolytes offers a promising approach to address the polysulfide shuttle and the lithium‐dendrite problems in lithium‐sulfur (Li‐S) batteries. One critical issue with the development of solid‐electrolyte Li‐S batteries is the electrode–electrolyte interfaces. Herein, a strategic approach is presented by employing a thin layer of a polymer with intrinsic nanoporosity (PIN) on a Li+‐ion conductive solid electrolyte, which significantly enhances the ionic interfaces between the electrodes and the solid electrolyte. Among the various types of Li+‐ion solid electrolytes, NASICON‐type Li1+xAlxTi2‐x(PO4)3 (LATP) offers advantages in terms of Li+‐ion conductivity, stability in ambient environment, and practical viability. However, LATP is susceptible to reaction with both the Li‐metal anode and polysulfides in Li‐S batteries due to the presence of easily reducible Ti4+ ions in it. The coating with a thin layer of PIN presented in this study overcomes the above issues. At the negative‐electrode side, the PIN layer prevents the direct contact of Li‐metal with the LATP solid electrolyte, circumventing the reduction of LATP by Li metal. At the positive electrode side, the PIN layer prevents the migration of polysulfides to the surface of LATP, preventing the reduction of LATP by polysulfides.
Switchable Plasmonic Nanocomposites
Authors: Homaeigohar Shahin , Elbahri Mady
Published: November 2018

Smartness in nature is inspiring for engineers to design biomimetic devices acting based on switchable properties. In this regard, nanomaterials able to show reversible optical properties have drawn immense attention from research and technology communities. Here, diverse classes of switchable plasmonic nanocomposites (SPNs) are introduced according to their stimuli, structure, and composition. The SPNs perform relying on reversible changes of the dielectric matrix' refractive index and physicochemical properties under the influence of various stimuli, leading to alteration in the interparticle spacing of the encapsulated plasmonic nanoparticles. The stimuli‐induced reversible reconfiguration of plasmonic nanoparticles, forming ordered or disordered structures, is considered another operation mechanism. The latter category involves a larger number of plasmonic nanoparticles and induces notable changes in optical properties by the switching process. Enhanced controllability over synthesis, function, and properties of the as‐developed metamaterials enables better scalability. Thus, SPNs hold great promise for next‐generation optical devices including optical switches, transducers, modulators, etc. As a specific highlight for the future perspective, the switchable plasmonic molecules‐based nanocomposites are introduced and recent progress is discussed. Ultimately, prospects, outlooks, and the current bottlenecks in this field are presented.