bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A hazai vállalatok versenyképességi jellemzői a negyedik ipari forradalom idején
Authors: Wimmer Ágnes , Csesznák Anita
Published: July 2021

A Corvinus Egyetem Versenyképesség Kutató Központjának negyedszázada tartó empirikus kutatási programja új mérföldkőhöz érkezett, amikor sorban hatodik alkalommal bonyolított le nagyléptékű vállalatvezetői felmérést, immár jócskán benn a XXI. században, az ennek megfelelő kihívásokra fókuszálva. Eddigi felméréseink is kapcsolódtak a magyar gazdaságtörténet fordulataihoz (amelyeket persze nagy részben a világgazdasági folyamatok generáltak) – ennek a hagyománynak a folytatásaként koncentrálunk most a negyedik ipari forradalomra, mint jelenünk és belátható jövőnk üzleti világát meghatározó keretre. (...) A kiterjedt empirikus kutatási anyag feldolgozása természetesen összetett folyamat. Ennek a folyamatnak fontos összetevője az adatok alapvető struktúrájának mély megértése: Wimmer Ágnes és Csesznák Anita tanulmánya ezt a célt szolgálja. A korábbi kutatások tapasztalatait felhasználva sokoldalúan strukturálja az adathalmaz egészét, ezzel – amellett, hogy önálló értékű megállapításokat tesz – alapot nyújt a további, a részleteket és a tágabb összefüggéseket speciális szempontok szerint elemző kutatásokhoz. Nagyon fontos igazolást ad 10 A hazai vállalatok versenyképességi jellemzői a negyedik ipari forradalom idején a minta értelmes voltára – lényegében arra, hogy ennek segítségével érdemi mondanivalónk lehet a magyar gazdaság mikroszférájának számos fontos kérdéséről. Mivel az adatfelvétel még a válság előtt történt, téziseket fogalmazhatunk meg azokról az alapokról, amelyekről indulunk a koronavírus válság utáni kibontakozáshoz. A versenyképesség elemzésén keresztül jobb rálátásunk lehet a régi trendek változásaira, s az újak formálódására olyan alapvető kérdésekben, mint a digitalizáció felgyorsulása, a globális ellátási láncok helyreállítása, az új munkavégzési feltételek hatása, vagy épp a fenntarthatósági követelmények növekedésének hatása az üzleti életben.
The impact and effectiveness of the general public wearing masks to reduce the spread of pandemics in the UK: a multidisciplinary comparison of single-use masks versus reusable face masks.
Authors: Allison Ayse Lisa , Ambrose-Dempster Esther , Domenech Aparsi Teresa , Bawn Maria , Casas Arredondo Miguel , Chau Charnett , Chandler Kimberley , Dobrijevic Dragana , Hailes Helen C. , Lettieri Paola , Liu Chao , Medda Francesca , Michie Susan , Miodownik Mark , Munro Beth , Purkiss Danielle , Ward John M.
Published: July 2021

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the UK government has mandated the use of face masks in various public settings and recommends the use of reusable masks to combat shortages of medically graded single-use masks in healthcare. To assist decision-making on the choice of masks for future pandemics, where shortages may not be a contributing factor, the UCL Plastic Waste Innovation Hub has carried out a multidisciplinary comparison between single-use and reusable masks based on their anatomy, standalone effectiveness, behavioural considerations, environmental impacts and costs.

Although current single-use masks have a higher standalone effectiveness against bacteria and viruses, studies show that reusable masks have adequate performance in slowing infection rates of respiratory viruses. Material Flow Analysis, Life Cycle Assessment and cost comparison show that reusable masks have a lower environmental and economic impact than single-use masks. If every person in the UK uses one single-use mask each day for a year, it will create a total of 124,000 tonnes of waste, 66,000 tonnes of which would be unrecyclable contaminated plastic waste (the masks), with the rest being the recyclable packaging typically used for transportation and distribution of masks.Using reusable masks creates >85% less waste, generates 3.5 times lower impact on climate change and incurs 3.7 times lower costs.

Further behavioural research is necessary to understand the extent and current practices of mask use; and how these practices affect mask effectiveness in reducing infection rates. Wearing single-use masks may be preferred over reusable masks due to perceptions of increased hygiene and convenience. Understanding behaviour towards the regular machine-washing of reusable masks for their effective reuse is key to maximise their public health benefits and minimise environmental and economic costs.
GiG im Gespräch 2021/1
Authors: Amann Wilhelm , Dembeck Till , Heimböckel Dieter , Mein Georg , Schiewer Gesine Lenore , Sieburg Heinz
Published: July 2021

Aktueller Bericht Gesellschaft für interkulturelle Germanistik
Evaluation of the scientific activity of the leaf of the species Campomanesia pubescens in wound model infected by Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Pradella Larissa Chaves , Dourado Doroty Mesquita , Santos Carlos Henrique Marques dos , Fermiano Maria Helena , Matias Rosemary , Da Silva Baldomero Antonio Kato
Published: July 2021

There is an increasing interest in the use of herbal remedies as healing agents, due to their lower cost in relation to other drugs and the vast Brazilian fauna. The objective of this research was to evaluate the cicatrization effect of the guariroba leaf (Campomanesia pubescens) on the healing of infected wounds. We used 45 Wistar rats, distributed in five groups (n = 9) all with surgically induced skin injury, differing in the presence of contamination and treatment, with evaluation periods of 3, 7 and 14 days, being: G1- negative control without contamination, treated with Physiological Solution 0.9%; G2- control with contamination, treated with Physiological Solution 0.9%; G3 negative with contamination, treated with Carbopol in 0.5% gel; G4- positive control with contamination, treated with Colagenase at 0.6 U / g + 0.01 g Chloramphenicol; G5- positive test with contamination treated with Campomanesia pubescens at 3%, whose vehicle was Carbopol at 0.5%. The wound was made with a metal punch 8 mm in diameter, and a cutaneous fragment was removed from the animals' backs and wound infection was applied to S. aureus in groups G2 to G5. Euthanasia was performed for a lethal dose of anesthetic, and the edges of the wounds were removed for histopathological study. The fibrinoleukocytic crust was present in all animals in the groups of 3, 7 and 14 days. The contraction of the wound was also evaluated, and all groups showed low percentage of wound regression in the 3-day treatment and with 14 days presented a high percentage of regression. Of the 5 groups, the only one that presented complete epithelialization was G5. Of the 5 groups, the ones with the best epithelialization were G4 and G5. The group with the highest amount of mature collagen fibers was G4, followed by G5, and the one with the highest proportion of immature fibers was G1. At the end of the experiment, G4 was the group that gained the most weight and G1 the one that had the lowest weight gain. Guariroba leaf extract (Campomanesia pubescens) was able to promote healing in infected skin wounds similar to the group treated with antibiotics.
Les religieuses qui soignent
Authors: Brejon de Lavergnée Matthieu
Published: July 2021

Si le rôle des religieuses soignantes a été largement étudié concernant le XIXe siècle, tel n’est pas le cas pour le XXe siècle où le modèle français médicalisation/laïcisation a conduit à privilégier l’émergence des infirmières laïques aux dépens des religieuses. Or celles-ci vont accompagner le mouvement de médicalisation de l’hôpital et de professionnalisation de ses métiers. Les facteurs qui y concourent semblent être : la pression politique qui contraint à se former et à gagner les certificats puis diplômes d’infirmière ; l’évolution des fronts sanitaires avec la tuberculose et les sanatoriums après la Première Guerre mondiale ; un consensus de genre entre médecins (hommes) et infirmières (femmes) accepté par les religieuses et soutenu par les administrations hospitalières. De plus, l’insistance sur la formation professionnelle met aussi à mal, après une génération d’efforts, la définition de la vocation comme la distinction entre personnels religieux et laïques au sein de l’hôpital. Les associations d’infirmières comme le syndicalisme hospitalier révèlent ces tensions.
Conclusion
Authors: Rusterholz Caroline
Published: July 2021

Le dossier dirigé par Samuel Dolbeau et Martin Dutron sur les liens entre le catholicisme et les pratiques médicales s’inscrit dans un renouveau de la recherche historique qui voit les relations entre catholicisme, médecine et sexualité faire l’objet d’études approfondies. En témoignent le récent numéro spécial de Medical History dirigé par Laura Kelly et Agata Ignaciuk (2020) qui éclaire les interactions entre catholicisme, pratiques contraceptives et médecine dans une perspective transnationale, ou encore l’ouvrage collectif dirigé par Alana Harris qui explore la réception de l’encyclique Humanae Vitae en Europe (2018).
China and the American Lake
Authors: Tseng-Putterman Mark
Published: July 2021

U.S. fantasies of expansion, commercial dominion, and military prowess have long hinged on a premise of Pacific exceptionalism. Couched in the millenarian language of manifest destiny, the Pacific region and its multitudinous ecosystems, cultures, peoples, and nations have been vacated in favor of an aqua nullius that frames the region as an empty space designated for U.S. possession by divine providence.
ENSINO REMOTO EMERGENCIAL DA DISCIPLINA PROPRIEDADE INTELECTUAL NO CETENSUFRB CAMINHOS METODOLÓGICOS PARA A SALA DE AULA INVERTI
Authors: Passos Andrade Eron , de Mendonça Santos André
Published: July 2021

Considerando as implicações da pandemia provocada pelo novo Coronavírus, este relato de experiência trata do ensino remoto emergencial para a disciplina Propriedade Intelectual, oferecida pelo Bacharelado em Engenharia de Produção do Centro de Ciência e Tecnologia em Energia e Sustentabilidade (CETENS) da Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia (UFRB). Dada a necessidade, optou-se por um caminho metodológico de sala de aula invertida, no qual os discentes foram provocados à postura ativa na sua aprendizagem. O docente atuou na curadoria do conhecimento e no incentivo à discussão e à troca de experiências entre os estudantes. A estratégia metodológica mostrou-se efetiva, com a aprovação de 100% dos alunos. Os objetivos propostos para a disciplina foram alcançados e pôde-se observar, sobretudo, o desenvolvimento do raciocínio científico, crítico e reflexivo sobre o tema tratado
AFET BAKIŞ AÇISIYLA LOJİSTİK DEPO YERİ SEÇİMİ: İSTANBUL BEYKOZ İLÇESİ ÜZERİNE BİR UYGULAMA
Authors: DURDAĞ Celil , ERGENECOŞAR Sabri , KINIK Zeynel , YILMAZ Kurthan Kubilay
Published: July 2021

Afetlerin sonuçlarını incelediğimizde can ve mal kaybı haricinde toplumsal olarak da yaşanan travmaların çok olduğunu görebilmekteyiz. Toplumsal olarak afetlere hazırlıklı olduğumuzda, yaşanabilecek bir Afet durumunda can ve mal kaybının daha az olacağı ve daha çabuk toparlanabileceğimiz söylenebilir. Afet çeşitlerine göre, her bölgede yapılması gereken ön hazırlıklar için afet haritası çıkarılması zaruri ihtiyaçtır. İdari amirliklerce yapılan bu çalışmanın neticesinde önem arz eden durumlara göre tedarikçi bulmak, doğru depolama alanı belirlemek, acil durum personelini eğitmek, depolardaki malzemelerin periyodik olarak kontrolü ve teminin sağlanması gibi disiplinli, bir ön çalışma gerektirmektedir. Çalışma ile depo seçiminde konunun uzmanlarının görüşleri alınarak yer seçimi gerçekleştirilen etmen puan yöntemi kullanılacaktır. Büyük bir deprem bekleyen İstanbul ilinin depremden daha az etkilenmesi beklenen Beykoz ilçesinde afet depo yeri seçimi için uygun yer seçimi yapılacaktır. Çalışma sonunda seçilen yer artı ve eksi yönleriyle değerlendirilirken idari birimlere gelecek için fikir verilmiş olacaktır.
El género Cypella (Iridaceae) en Uruguay
Authors: Deble Leonardo Paz , González Andrés , Alves Fabiano da Silva
Published: July 2021

The genus Cypella is studied for the Uruguayan Flora. Based in revision of Herbaria and collections sampling were recognized 13 species and five subspecies for the country: C. alonsoana, C. aurinegra subsp. aurinegra, C. aurinegra subsp. albipurpurata, C. charruana, C. discolor, C. exilis, C. fucata, C. guttata, C. herbertii subsp. herbertii, C. herbertii subsp. brevicristata, C. herbertii subsp. reflexa, C. laeta, C. laxa, C. luteogibbosa, C. osteniana and C. rivularis. Cypella aurinegra subsp. albipurpurata comprises a new subspecies endemic in rocky place, on Mountain Range in Cerro Largo Department, Northeast Uruguay. Cypella laxa is a new record for the country. It is supplied dichotomous key, descriptions, material examined, comments and photos for all taxa identified. Furthermore, ecological data, conservation status, excluded species and other taxa with possible occurrence in Uruguay are listed.
Usulan strategi pengelolaan sampah padat di TPA Burangkeng Bekasi dengan pendekatan SWOT dan AHP
Authors: Rimantho Dino , Tamba Marlina
Published: July 2021

Penetepan strategi pengelolaan sampah dilakukan sebagai upaya untuk mengurangi laju timbulan sampah di TPA Burangkeng Kabupaten Bekasi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi faktor internal dan eksternal yang menjadi kekuatan, kelemahan, peluang dan ancaman bagi TPA Burangkeng, kemudian merumuskan alternatif strategi pengembangannya. Metode penelitian menggunakan analisis SWOT (Strength, Weakness, Opportunity, Threath) dan AHP (Analitical Hierarchy Process). Berdasarkan hasil analisis SWOT terhadap faktor internal dan eksternal TPA Burangkeng, diperoleh alternatif strategi bagi pengembangan kebijakan operasional, yakni strategi perencanaan SDM, strategi perbaikan metode dan teknologi, serta strategi pengadaan sarana dan alat. Hasil perumusan strategi dari analisis SWOT tersebut kemudian ditentukan prioritasnya dengan menggunakan AHP. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dengan metode AHP diketahui kriteria utama yang perlu diperhatikan dalam pengembangan adalah kriteria teknologi dengan bobot prioritas sebesar 0,371, dan sub-kriteria untuk pencapaian teknologi adalah melalui inovasi pengelolaan dengan bobot sebesar 0,325. Sehingga strategi pengembangan yang didapat adalah melalui strategi perbaikan metode dan teknologi pengelolaan, dengan bobot prioritas sebesar 0,540.ABSTRACTThe determination of a waste management strategy is carried out as an effort to reduce the rate of waste generation in the TPA Burangkeng, Bekasi Regency. The purpose of this research is to identify internal and external factors which are the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of TPA Burangkeng, then formulate alternative development strategies. The research method uses SWOT analysis (Strength, Weakness, Opportunity, Threath) and AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process). Based on the results of the SWOT analysis on the internal and external factors of the Burangkeng TPA, an alternative strategy was obtained for the development of operational policies, namely the HR planning strategy, the strategy for improving methods and technology, and the strategy for the procurement of facilities and tools. The results of the strategy formulation from the SWOT analysis are then prioritized using AHP. Based on the results of research with the AHP method, it is known that the main criteria that need to be considered in development are technology criteria with a priority weight of 0.371, and the sub-criteria for technological achievement is through management innovation with a weight of 0.325. Thus, that the development strategy obtained is through a strategy to improve management methods and technology, with a priority weight of 0.540.
Recommendations for proficiency testing criteria for hemoglobin A1c based on the Shanghai Center for Clinical Laboratory’s study
Authors: Ju Yi , Cao Zhimin Tim , Li Qing , Tang Liping , Ou Yuanzhu , Yu Xiaoxuan , Liu Wenbin
Published: July 2021

Objectives

The US Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services proposed in 2019 that glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) be a CLIA′88 regulated analyte. People who commented expressed concerns that the proposed acceptance limit (AL, HbA1c in NGSP unit) ±10% for proficiency testing (PT) would be unable to maintain already improved analytical performance and guarantee the clinical utility of HbA1c testing. Assessing impact of various ALs on PT performance is needed to provide scientific evidence for adopting an appropriate AL.

Methods

Ten patient EDTA-whole blood specimens were distributed to 318 and 336 laboratories in the 2018 and 2019 PT events organized by Shanghai Center for Clinical Laboratory (SCCL). HbA1c concentrations were measured by participants using various methodologies commonly used in the USA and China. Targets were determined using secondary reference measurement procedures (SRM) at SCCL. “Failed Results” were those outside the SRM-defined target ± AL (5% through 10%). Laboratories with Failed Results ≥2 out of five samples per PT event obtained Event Unsatisfactory Status.

Results

HbA1c target values ranged 33.3 mmol/mol (5.2 NGSP%) −102.2 mmol/mol (11.5 NGSP%) for 2018 event, and 33.3 mmol/mol (5.2 NGSP%) −84.7 mmol/mol (9.9 NGSP%) for 2019 event. Overall Laboratory Event Unsatisfactory Rates were 11.3–12.2%, 4.8–5.3%, 0.9–3.1%, 0.6–2.2%, 0.6–1.4% and 0.6–1.4%, at AL of ±5, ±6, ±7, ±8, ±9 and ±10%, respectively.

Conclusions

The AL (in NGSP unit) of ±6% or ±7% for PT evaluation of HbA1c results would be appropriate, with satisfactory event scores for about 95% of participant laboratories in a PT event.
The utility of competency-oriented clinical laboratory teaching combined with case-based learning (CBL)
Authors: Li Hongchun , Sun Jingfang , Zhou Yuan , Ding Shuang , Guo Yi , Jiang Qingqing , Li Shibao , Ma Ping
Published: July 2021

Objectives

This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and efficiency of competency-oriented clinical laboratory teaching combined with case-based learning (CBL) and improve the examination of students’ competence of laboratory medicine.

Methods

A total of 107 medical laboratory medicine interns at the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University from June 2017 to July 2019 volunteered to participate in the study and were randomly assigned into a control group with training of the traditional teacher-centered method, and an experimental group under a CBL teaching program. Student basic theory tests and skill assessment were designed to evaluate what the students gained from their internship when they completed their studies at the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University.

Results

Compared to students in the control group taught with the teacher-centered method, those in the CBL teaching program had significantly higher theory test scores and skill assessment scores on average. Competencies with particularly significant improvement included identification and processing of instrument alarm information, analysis of test results, identification and solution of the problem, as well as identification and reporting of the critical value and clinical communication.

Conclusions

The competency-oriented teaching method combined with CBL is an effective method for improving students’ professional knowledge, increasing language expression, and enhancing interpersonal relationship and teamwork, which is worthy of being promoted in laboratory medicine teaching.
Circular RNA VANGL1 knockdown suppressed viability, promoted apoptosis, and increased doxorubicin sensitivity through targeting miR-145-5p to regulate SOX4 in bladder cancer cells
Authors: Zhu Jiangbo , Zhang Fei
Published: July 2021

Background

Bladder cancer is a common malignancy in the world. It is reported that circular RNA VANGL1 (circ_VANGL1) was involved in bladder cancer progression. However, the functional role and molecular mechanism of circ_VANGL1 in bladder cancer were still unclear.

Methods

The levels of circ_VANGL1, microRNA-145-5p (miR-145-5p), and Sex-determining region Y-related high-mobility group box 4 (SOX4) in bladder cancer tissues and cells were determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain (RT-qPCR). The relative protein expression was detected by western blot. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK8) and flow cytometry analysis were used to measure cell viability, IC50 value, and apoptosis rate. The interaction between miR-145-5p and circ_VANGL1 or SOX4 was predicted by online software starBase v2.0 or Targetscan and verified by the dual-luciferase reporter assay. Besides, xenograft mice model was used to detect the effects of circ_VANGL1 in vivo.

Results

The level of circ_VANGL1 and SOX4 was increased, while miR-145-5p was decreased in bladder cancer tissues and cells. Knockdown of circ_VANGL1 suppressed viability, while promoted apoptosis and increased doxorubicin sensitivity in bladder cancer cells. Moreover, circ_VANGL1 acted as a sponge for miR-145-5p. In addition, miR-145-5p partially reversed the effects of miR-145-5p knockdown in T24 and J82 cells. SOX4 was a target of miR-145-5p and negatively regulated by miR-145-5p. Furthermore, miR-145-5p regulated SOX4 to affect cell progression in bladder cancer cells, including viability, apoptosis, and doxorubicin sensitivity. Besides, circ_VANGL1 suppressed tumor growth and enhanced the doxorubicin sensitivity in bladder cancer in vivo.

Conclusion

circ_VANGL1 mediated cell viability, apoptosis, and doxorubicin sensitivity by regulating miR-145-5p/SOX4 axis in bladder cancer, providing a potential therapeutic target for bladder cancer therapy.
Triangle of cytokine storm, central nervous system involvement, and viral infection in COVID-19: the role of sFasL and neuropilin-1
Authors: Saleki Kiarash , Banazadeh Mohammad , Miri Niloufar Sadat , Azadmehr Abbas
Published: July 2021

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2) is identified as the cause of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and is often linked to extreme inflammatory responses by over activation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), cytokine storm, and sepsis. These are robust causes for multi-organ damage. In particular, potential routes of SARS-CoV2 entry, such as angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), have been linked to central nervous system (CNS) involvement. CNS has been recognized as one of the most susceptible compartments to cytokine storm, which can be affected by neuropilin-1 (NRP-1). ACE2 is widely-recognized as a SARS-CoV2 entry pathway; However, NRP-1 has been recently introduced as a novel path of viral entry. Apoptosis of cells invaded by this virus involves Fas receptor–Fas ligand (FasL) signaling; moreover, Fas receptor may function as a controller of inflammation. Furthermore, NRP-1 may influence FasL and modulate cytokine profile. The neuroimmunological insult by SARS-CoV2 infection may be inhibited by therapeutic approaches targeting soluble Fas ligand (sFasL), cytokine storm elements, or related viral entry pathways. In the current review, we explain pivotal players behind the activation of cytokine storm that are associated with vast CNS injury. We also hypothesize that sFasL may affect neuroinflammatory processes and trigger the cytokine storm in COVID-19.
The most borrowed books by Croatian authors in the public libraries of Zagreb, Split, Rijeka and Pula
Authors: Duić Mirko , Grzunov Laura
Published: July 2021

The aim of this paper was to explore the issue of library borrowing of books written by Croatian authors. The focus was on the most borrowed books. In the first part of the paper there is a literature review related to the topic, such as readers’ preferences and the importance of culturally diverse materials. Following the presentation of theoretical background, the second part of the paper presents the research findings. The research goals were as follows: 1) to explore how often the users of Croatian public libraries have borrowed books written by authors from Croatia in comparison to books by non-Croatian authors; 2) to explore the characteristics of the most borrowed books by Croatian authors (when they were published; the gender of the authors; if they are fiction, non-fiction or picture books; what their genres are). The public libraries in Zagreb, Split, Rijeka and Pula were included in the research. The findings indicate that there are about 10% of books by Croatian authors among the 2,000 most borrowed books in the listed libraries. The majority of the books are fiction books published for the first time after the year 2000.
Building a Community Library
Authors: Flaherty Mary Grace
Published: July 2021

This paper chronicles interventions to renovate and repurpose a community library in one of the poorest countries in the world; Malawi, where over 80% of the population lives below the poverty line (less than US$1.25/day). This initial report is based on activities undertaken by a team of individuals with diverse expertise and cultural backgrounds, and a common vision for repurposing the Kwakupokela Community Library. To date, key achievements include: the Kwakupokela Educational Trust has been created and registered with the Malawi government as a non-governmental organization which now operates the library; a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) has been signed with Mzuzu University; new books have been donated; and both new and old library books have been processed; the dilapidated and relentlessly leaking roof has been replaced with new iron sheets; the ceiling has been fixed; and the inner walls painted. More importantly, the library has opened its doors to the community. Challenges remain for this ongoing initiative, and include outdated and limited information resources, sustainability of library operations, space shortages and hygiene issues, including lack of restrooms. Strategies have been developed to deal with the mentioned challenges, though their implementation will depend on availability of resources. This paper describes the role librarians can play in uplifting the living conditions of people in rural areas by taking relevant information resources to these segregated, neglected and dejected communities.
Education Budget Management, New Public Management and the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Amalia Arwinda Putri
Published: July 2021

This paper aims to describe the management of education budget in a private school during the pandemic and how the New Public Management sight. How do a private school with very limited budget resources during the pandemic survives and controls spending with minimal amounts of income and how the New Public Management concept views the Education Budget management process in a private school seen from the government's role in helping schools meet their budget needs. This study had been observed in Muhammadiyah Vocational High School in Purwokerto used a qualitative perspective and deep interviews to collect the information. The result of this research is the private school with limited funding sources has an ability to apply the new public management concept and the government as the provider of development funding assistance made this school could compete with other private schools and public schools, moreover, the school is able to manage a limited education budget during a pandemic.
Does Smartphone-Based Quizlet Affect Students Learning Interest?
Authors: Styaningrum Farida , Sulistyowati Nur Wahyuning , Wibowo Agus
Published: July 2021

This study aimed to provide empirical evidence of the effect of smartphone-based Quizlet on studentsâ€™ learning interest in Universitas PGRI Madiun, Indonesia. This study was pre-experimental with a one-shot case study that is a group that got help, and the results were observed next. The population were accounting education students in Universitas PGRI Madiun. 54 students received smartphone-based Quizlet assistance in learning activities. We used statistical testing to test comparisons formulated in research hypotheses using simple linear regression tests. The results proved empirically that the use of smartphone-based Quizlet affected the students' learning interest in Universitas PGRI Madiun, Indonesia. The menu provided in the Quizlet application could activate students in learning and give a positive effect to students. Students became active in learning activities, did assignments on time, and learnt independently. The Quizlet application can be used as material for educators to consider increasing student interest in learning social science.
Subclinical thyroid function and cardiovascular events in patients with atrial fibrillation
Authors: Moutzouri Elisavet , Lyko Christina , Feller Martin , Blum Manuel Raphael , Adam Luise , Blum Steffen , Aeschbacher Stefanie , Fischer Urs , Roten Laurent , Del Giovane Cinzia , Meyer-Zuern Christine S , Conte Giulio , Bonati Leo H , Moschovitis Giorgio , Kühne Michael , Beer Juerg , Aujesky Drahomir , Osswald Stefan , Conen David , Rodondi Nicolas
Published: July 2021

Objective

To evaluate if subclinical thyroid dysfunction is associated with cardiovascular (CV) risk in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF).

Methods

Swiss-AF is a prospective cohort of community-dwelling participants aged ≥ 65 years with AF. Primary outcome was a composite endpoint of CV events (myocardial infarctions, stroke/transitory ischemic events, systemic embolism, heart failure (HF) hospitalizations, CV deaths). Secondary outcomes were component endpoints, total mortality, and AF-progression. Exposures were thyroid dysfunction categories, TSH and fT4. Sensitivity analyses were performed for amiodarone use, thyroid hormones use, and competing events.

Results

2415 patients were included (mean age: 73.2 years; 27% women). 196 (8.4%) had subclinical hypothyroidism and 53 (2.3%) subclinical hyperthyroidism. Subclinical thyroid dysfunction was not associated with CV events, during a median follow-up of 2.1 years (max 5 years): age- and sex-adjusted hazard ratio (adjHR) of 0.99 (95% CI: 0.69–1.41) for subclinical hypothyroidism and 0.55 (95% CI: 0.23–1.32) for subclinical hyperthyroidism. Results remained robust following multivariable adjustment and sensitivity analyses. In euthyroid patients, fT4 levels were associated with an increased risk for the composite endpoint and HF (adjHR: 1.46, 95% CI: 1.04–2.05; adjHR: 1.70, 95% CI: 1.08–2.66, respectively, for the highest quintile vs the middle quintile). Results remained similar following multivariable adjustment and remained significant for HF in sensitivity analyses. No association between subclinical thyroid dysfunction and total mortality or AF-progression was found.

Conclusions

Subclinical hypothyroidism was not associated with increased CV risk in AF patients. Higher levels of fT4 with normal TSH were associated with a higher risk for HF.
The bromodomain inhibitor JQ1+ reduces calcium-sensing receptor activity in pituitary cell lines
Authors: Lines Kate E , Gluck Anna K , Thongjuea Supat , Bountra Chas , Thakker Rajesh V , Gorvin Caroline M
Published: July 2021

Corticotrophinomas represent 10% of all surgically removed pituitary adenomas, however, current treatment options are often not effective, and there is a need for improved pharmacological treatments. Recently, JQ1+, a bromodomain inhibitor that promotes gene transcription by binding acetylated histone residues and recruiting transcriptional machinery, has been shown to reduce proliferation in a murine corticotroph cell line, AtT20. RNA-Seq analysis of AtT20 cells following treatment with JQ1+ identified the calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) gene as significantly downregulated, which was subsequently confirmed using real-time PCR and Western blot analysis. CaSR is a G protein-coupled receptor that plays a central role in calcium homeostasis but can elicit non-calcitropic effects in multiple tissues, including the anterior pituitary where it helps regulate hormone secretion. However, in AtT20 cells, CaSR activates a tumour-specific cAMP pathway that promotes ACTH and PTHrP hypersecretion. We hypothesised that the Casr promoter may harbour binding sites for BET proteins, and using chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP)-sequencing demonstrated that the BET protein Brd3 binds to the promoter of the Casr gene. Assessment of CaSR signalling showed that JQ1+ significantly reduced Ca2+e-mediated increases in intracellular calcium (Ca2+i) mobilisation and cAMP signalling. However, the CaSR-negative allosteric modulator, NPS-2143, was unable to reduce AtT20 cell proliferation, indicating that reducing CaSR expression rather than activity is likely required to reduce pituitary cell proliferation. Thus, these studies demonstrate that reducing CaSR expression may be a viable option in the treatment of pituitary tumours. Moreover, current strategies to reduce CaSR activity, rather than protein expression for cancer treatments, may be ineffective.
Gasto energético e intensidad del entrenamiento de porrismo: Un estudio descriptivo
Authors: Ulloa Sánchez Paul , Hernández Elizondo Jessenia
Published: July 2021

The objective of the present study was to answer the following questions: are the energy expenditure equivalent in terms of METs of cheerleading training sessions and what Ainsworth et al. (2011) show? Are there statistically significant differences in the energy expenditure and intensity of cheerleading training when comparing different performance and sex categories?

Methodology: Energy expenditure and intensity were measured during one hour of cheerleading training for a sample of 103 cheerleaders (men = 55; women = 48), who belong to three all-star teams and two national teams from Costa Rica.

Results: No differences were found between the value reported by Ainsworth et al. (2011) and cheerleading workouts (6 METs vs. 5.8 METs, t = -1.7, p = 0.092). A significant interaction of energy expenditure (kcal) between sex and performance category was evident.

Conclusions: The energy expenditure in terms of METs for cheerleading workouts is equivalent to that reported by Ainsworth et al. (2011). Men with a “high” performance category had significantly higher energy expenditure (p <0.05 *) compared to men with a “medium” or “low” category and with women in all three categories. No differences were found in terms of intensity when comparing sex and performance category.
Aproximación al concepto de no-lugar en la era de la cultura líquida: internet
Authors: Fernández González Sofía
Published: July 2021

The present work is based on Marc Augé's concept of non-places proposed in 1992, as well as on Baumnian conception of liquid modernity, to account for the social acceleration and mass production of these non-places. Likewise, the Internet is proposed as a paradigm of non-place, understanding it as a space where the human being is alien to a reality that at the same time belongs to him.
30 % para 2030: América Latina y la nueva meta global para sus sistemas de áreas protegidas
Authors: Barborak James R.
Published: July 2021

En octubre de 2021, representantes de los países que han ratificado la Convención sobre la Diversidad Biológica se reunirán en China para considerar nuevas metas para el próximo decenio.  Hay consenso en que se establecerá una nueva meta para la conservación de áreas protegidas: 30 % de la superficie del planeta, tanto en tierra como en el mar, para 2030.  Esto significa duplicar la cobertura mundial actual de áreas protegidas terrestres, así como triplicar la cobertura de áreas marinas para 2030. Este artículo analiza diferentes enfoques y herramientas que serán necesarios utilizar conjuntamente, para intentar cumplir con esa meta ambiciosa en América Latina, no solo ampliar el sistema de áreas protegidas de América Latina, sino también asegurar que la gestión tanto de áreas ya existentes como nuevas sea más efectiva y equitativa.
Efectos de diferentes sistemas de uso de suelo sobre la diversidad de árboles, almacenamiento de carbono y calidad del suelo en el Bosque Atlántico del Alto Paraná, Paraguay
Authors: Rika Kubota Victoria , M. Pulleman Mirjam , Domínguez Aaron , Montiel Carmen , Pineda Yomali , Ortiz Andrea , Kubsch Nadine , Salas Danilo , Galeano Pilar
Published: July 2021

[Introducción]: La evaluación del suministro de servicios ecosistémicos por los diferentes usos del suelo de la agricultura familiar facilita plantear estrategias para el uso sostenible de la tierra. [Objetivo]: Se determinaron los efectos de diferentes usos del suelo practicados en la agricultura familiar, sobre la conservación de la diversidad arbórea y el suministro de servicios ecosistémicos críticos: almacenamiento de carbono aéreo y subterráneo y servicios de soporte que provienen del suelo, en la Reserva de Biosfera del Bosque Mbaracayú (Canindeyú, Paraguay). [Metodología]: Fue determinada la biodiversidad arbórea, el almacenamiento de carbono aéreo y de suelo, las propiedades químicas y físicas del suelo en 7 fincas con diversos tipos de cobertura: bosque nativo alterado, sistemas agroforestales con yerba mate, cultivo anual de subsistencia y pasturas. En cada uno de los puntos de muestreo, fueron registrados datos de los individuos arbóreos y arbustivos, y fueron tomadas muestras del estrato herbáceo, hojarasca y suelo. [Resultados]: Se registró mayor índice de diversidad y almacenamiento de carbono aéreo en bosques nativos alterados y sistemas agroforestales, sin diferencia significativa entre ellos. Los valores de CIC y Ca+2 de suelo fueron más elevados en los bosques nativos alterados comparado con pasturas, y los otros usos presentaron valores intermedios. No hubo diferencias significativas entre los diferentes usos en cuanto al carbono almacenado ni en estabilidad de la estructura del suelo. Sin embargo, las pasturas presentaron índices de calidad de suelo más bajos. [Conclusiones]: Se demostró que bosques nativos alterados y sistemas agroforestales aportan más a la conservación de la diversidad arbórea, retención de carbono y calidad del suelo.
La historia también se canta. Simbolismo y análisis semántico en himnos indígenas
Authors: Torres Puentes Wilson Javier
Published: July 2021

Se presentan avances de la investigación denominada Emergencias, acontecimientos y resistencias en los zapatistas (EZLN), el Consejo Regional Indígena del Cauca (CRIC) y la Coordinadora Arauco-Malleco (CAM) —mapuches—, 1994-2014. Centra su atención en el simbolismo desplegado por estas comunidades indígenas, pero especialmente en sus narrativas cantadas. El recorrido es el siguiente: En un primer momento hacemos un breve abordaje teórico con diálogos permanentes entre la teoría y las narraciones míticas y simbólicas de las comunidades indígenas arriba señaladas. Posteriormente, y como ejercicio analítico, presentamos una muestra del ejercicio de desambiguación de uno de los himnos, como ejercicio de análisis simbólico de narrativas cantadas, esto lo hacemos con el método de desambiguación a partir de campos semánticos.
La política exterior de Estados Unidos hacia Brasil: Cambios y continuidades en la Administración Biden
Authors: Morales-Ruvalcaba Daniel
Published: July 2021

During his first two years as president of Brazil, Jair Bolsonaro gave the relationship with the United States the highest priority, achieving an extraordinary understanding with President Donald Trump. However, the arrival of Joseph Biden to the presidency has had a significant impact on that understanding. Here it is shown that the Brazilian-American relations with Presidents Trump and Bolsonaro were framed in their populist government programs and that they were driven by their mutual personal understanding, altering the priorities (but not the content) of the bilateral agenda. The arrival of Biden and his ideological distancing from Bolsonaro does not necessarily imply a cooling in the bilateral relationship, but rather a redirection to institutional channels thanks to the pre-existing mechanisms between the United States and Brazil, as well as a return to historical priorities: economic affairs first, then energy and environmental issues, later military cooperation and finally social topics. In this research, the deductive methodology has been implemented in the study of two dimensions: a discursive one, by examining the most important official speeches of Trump, Bolsonaro and Biden in Brazilian-American relations, with the aim of identifying changes in their perceptions and priorities; and another historical one, when studying the performance of bilateral institutions in the aforementioned areas, in order to detect continuity patterns that go beyond presidential administrations.
Laccase pretreatment for enhancing microwave-assisted alkaline extraction of hemicellulose from bagasse
Authors: Huang Jizhen , Liu Yuxin , Sun Bing , Li Jiaoyang , Zhang Renfeng , Nie Shuangxi
Published: July 2021

Laccase pretreatment is a promising approach to degrade lignin polymer for enhanced hemicellulose extraction from bagasse. A Box-Behnken design was employed to optimize microwave-assisted alkaline extraction of hemicellulose with the aim of maximizing the hemicellulose extraction yield. The effect of laccase pretreatment on the structural characteristics of the bagasse hemicellulose was studied with scanning electron microscopy and the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller method. The results showed that the lignin content of the bagasse decreased by 7.9% and the specific surface area increased by 95.9% after pretreatment with 160 U/g laccase for 6 h. The hemicellulose extraction yield was 88.7% under the optimum conditions of 8% NaOH, 50 min, and 900 W. The interaction between the NaOH concentration and extraction time, and between the extraction time and microwave power significantly affected hemicellulose extraction from the bagasse. Overall, the laccase pretreatment was beneficial to extraction of hemicellulose from bagasse using a microwave-assisted alkaline solution.
Gaseous decomposition products from wood degradation via thermogravimetric and fourier transform infrared analysis during thermal modification of beech and pine woods
Authors: He Zhengbin , Wang Zhengyu , Qu Lijie , Qian Jing , Yi Songlin
Published: July 2021

Wood thermal modification is an environmentally friendly method used to improve wood characteristics, and its degradation mechanism directly influences its application in construction, building, and home decoration. Combined thermogravimetry and Fourier transform infrared (TG–FTIR) studies were conducted to evaluate the hardwood and softwood on-site at 160 °C and 220 °C. The results indicated that the mass loss rates (MLRs) for both hardwood and softwood samples decreased over time and ultimately became constant. The total mass loss increased with an increase in temperature. The total mass loss was about 3% at 160 °C, and about 4.7% to 6.5% at 220 °C. Decomposition also occurred much more easily in the hardwood than in the softwood. More species of gas products were emitted from hardwood than softwood, and the number of species of gas products increased with an increase in temperature and processing time. The FTIR spectra of softwood were similar, whereas those of hardwood were remarkably different at different temperatures. Water and alcohol were generated from both the hardwood and softwood, whereas contents of these gaseous products were visible in hardwood decomposed at 220 °C during the thermal treatment. Ketones, ethers, acids, and aromatics were found in both hardwood and softwood, whereas CO2 was only found in the hardwood that underwent thermal treatment.
Effect of inorganic fertilizer application on soil microbial diversity in an oil palm plantation
Authors: Salamat Siti Suliza , Hassan Mohd Ali , Shirai Yoshihito , Hanif Ahmad Husni Mohd. , Norizan Mohd Shahkhirat , Mohd Zainudin Mohd Huzairi , Mustapha Nurul Asyifah , Mat Isa Mohd Noor , Abu Bakar Mohd Faizal
Published: July 2021

Excessive fertilizer applications in oil palm plantations are conventionally done to increase the oil yield, but they result in high production cost and environmental pollution. There have been only separate reports on the effects of fertilizer application on soil physical, chemical characteristics, and microbial biodiversity. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the correlation between soil characteristics and soil microbial biodiversity in oil palm plantation after long-term frequent chemical fertilizer application compared with secondary soil, using molecular methods of polymerase chain reaction denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) and MiSeq. Secondary forest soil was chosen as the control. The results showed that after 25 years of fertilizer application, the total nitrogen and organic carbon contents decreased from low to very low scale, indicating soil infertility condition. Reduction of Firmicutes was related to suppression of soil borne diseases, and Bacteroidetes which is an indicator of soil health were both almost eliminated after 25 years of fertilizer application. In conclusion, long-term inorganic fertilizer application reduced the soil nitrogen, and organic carbon, altered beneficial microbes in the soil.
Effects of three-layer structure and age on mechanical properties of moso bamboo
Authors: Han Ge , Li Rongrong , Wang Chuangui
Published: July 2021

The effects of a three-layer structure and age on the mechanical properties of moso bamboo were investigated. The ages of 1-, 3-, and 5-year-old bamboo were chosen to make test samples, and specimens from each age of moso bamboo were divided into three groups (raw bamboo, bamboo removed from outer layer, and bamboo removed from inner layer) for evaluation of modulus of rupture and parallel-to-grain compressive strength. The regression analysis was completed to evaluate the relationship between mechanical properties and bamboo age. The results showed that the age of moso bamboo was positively correlated with the flexural and parallel-to-grain compressive strengths. The mechanical strength of moso bamboo increased with the increased age of moso bamboo. For the moso bamboo with same age, the flexural and parallel-to-grain compressive strengths decreased for the samples without bamboo outer layer. However, for the samples without bamboo inner layer, the parallel-to-grain compressive strength remained unchanged, but the flexural strength increased. The outer layer of bamboo with high toughness and flexibility played an important role during bending. However, the inner layer of bamboo is relatively brittle, which has negative effects on its flexural strength. These results provide an important basis for the bamboo used in engineering.