bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Spot Refractive Screening With or Without Maximum Atropine Cycloplegia in Preschool Chinese Children
Authors: Liu Xinli , Feng Jingjing , Wang Lihua , Tong Huan , Chen Wei
Published: May 2021

Purpose:

To evaluate averaged, repeat Spot Vision Screener (Welch Allyn) refractive screening with and without maximal atropine cycloplegia in preschool Chinese children.

Methods:

Refractive errors of 450 preschool children aged 3 to 6 years were measured by cycloplegic retinoscopy as the gold standard. The Spot Vision Screener was used to examine the refractive errors of these children before and after cycloplegia. The differences between the two methods were assessed using the Wilcoxon test and Bland-Altman plot. The accuracy of the Spot Vision Screener in detecting refractive errors was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.

Results:

Before cycloplegia, the Spot Vision Screener provided statistically significantly lower values of sphere (median difference: 1.50 diopters [D], 95% CI: 1.38 to 1.63 D) and spherical equivalent (median difference: 1.56 D, 95% CI: 1.50 to 1.69 D). For hyperopia of greater than 3.00 D spherical value (n = 118), the median difference between the Spot Vision Screener and cycloplegic retinoscopy was 2.63 D (95% CI: 2.50 to 2.88 D). The Bland-Altman plot showed that the difference between the results of the two examination methods was large. The sensitivity of the Spot Vision Screener for detecting refractive errors increased after the screening criteria were optimized.

Conclusions:

The Spot Vision Screener was efficient in detecting anisometropia in Chinese preschool children. The Spot Vision Screener without cycloplegia underestimated the spherical value of hyperopia and the difference was larger when the cycloplegic hyperopia increased. The performance of the Spot Vision Screener without cycloplegia in detecting cycloplegic hyperopia was not complete. The instrument referral criteria of the Spot Vision Screener should be adjusted according to clinical practice, but it is not simple and users should do it with expert assistance.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
. 2021;58(3):146–153.]
Complication and Management of Optic Nerve Edema Resulting From Nasal Transposition of the Split Lateral Rectus Muscle
Authors: Khan Sabine S. , Shah Ankoor S. , Dagi Linda R. , Medow Norman B. , Friedman Ilana B. , Rosenberg Jamie B.
Published: May 2021

A 9-year-old boy with partial third nerve palsy underwent medial transposition of the left lateral rectus muscle and left inferior oblique myectomy. He developed optic nerve compression, which improved after a superior oblique tenotomy. A primary superior oblique tenotomy or a maximum lateral rectus muscle split may help avoid this complication.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
. 2021;58(3):e12–e15.]
Missed Nursing Care Among Patients With Dementia During Hospitalization: An Observation Study
Authors: Evripidou Melina , Merkouris Anastasios , Charalambous Andreas , Karanikola Maria , Zavrou Rafailia , Papastavrou Evridiki
Published: May 2021

Patients with dementia (PwD) are characterized as a vulnerable group as they are unable to communicate their needs, putting them at risk for care omissions. The current study aimed to explore care toward PwD and detect if any aspects of care are omitted. An observation study was conducted in three medical-surgical adult wards of an acute general hospital. Data were collected by an observer, through field notes, and were analyzed with content analysis. A face scale was used to assess PwD's mood. Thirteen PwD were observed for 90 hours. Four thematic areas were identified: (a) Unmet Fundamental Patient Needs, (b) Human Right to Dignity and Respect, (c) Communication Deficiencies, and (d) Implementation of Nursing Interventions. Nurse–patient contact lasted from 5 to 7 minutes and numerous care omissions were noted. The face scale assessment revealed that most PwD looked very sad after nursing care. This study enriches insight for the care of PwD during hospitalization and emphasizes the need for health care workers' education and support. [
Research in Gerontological Nursing, 14
(3), 150–159.]
Primera cita de Gordius albopunctatus Müller, 1927 en la Península Ibérica (Nematomorpha: Gordioida Rauther, 1930)
Authors: Schmidt-Rhaesa Andreas , Expósito López De Felipe Juan E. , Martínez Jesús
Published: May 2021

Se hace referencia a la primera cita de Gordius albopunctatus Müller, 1927 (Gordioida) de la península ibérica, a partir de un ejemplar macho y otro hembra capturados en la Sierra de Guadarrama (Madrid). Esta cita es la más meridional de su distribución de modo que se amplía notablemente su distribución biogeográfica.
Wigalois, le chevalier à la roue
Authors: de Grafenberg Wirnt
Published: May 2021

Rédigé vers 1210 le roman de Wigalois conte l’histoire du fils de Gauvain de sa naissance à son couronnement, après maintes aventures initiatiques bien ancrées dans le merveilleux de la Matière de Bretagne et où le héros affronte géant, nain, dragon et revenants…

Remontant à une source française perdue dont d’autres textes attestent l’existence, Wigalois est un témoin important qui intéressera tous ceux qui travaillent sur le roman arthurien et la sécularisation des mythes ainsi que les comparatistes.
Les sciences humaines et sociales (SHS) et les sciences de l’information et de la communication (SIC) aux défis de l’IA
Authors: Petit Laurent
Published: May 2021

Emballement médiatique aidant, les progrès de l’Intelligence artificielle (IA), s’appuyant sur un double phénomène de naturalisation des phénomènes sociaux et de fétichisation du nombre, soulèvent des enjeux épistémologiques majeurs pour les sciences humaines et sociales (SHS), les sciences de l’information et de la communication (SIC) en particulier. Le cas de la formation rend compte de la nature des défis à relever et permet d’esquisser des pistes de réponses possibles passant par un partenariat interdisciplinaire équilibré.
Promotion du civisme fiscal en Afrique grâce au téléphone mobile
Authors: Muhimpundu Fiacre
Published: May 2021

Les Technologies de l’Information et de Communication (TIC) ont un impact significatif sur le comportement des contribuables dans les pays aux moyens économiques limités, dont l’Afrique subsaharienne. Même si l’Afrique apparaît encore dans le bas des classements mondiaux en matière de développement des technologies de l’information et de la communication (TIC) et de l’exploitation de leur potentiel, la diffusion de la téléphonie mobile sur le continent, qui date de la fin des années 1990, s’est cependant fortement accélérée au cours des dernières années.1Le paiement des impôts et taxes au moyen du téléphone mobile, sujet qui occupe cet article, rentre dans cette cadence d’opportunités offertes par l’outil, mais reste limité à un petit nombre de contribuables (résidant en ville) tandis qu’une grande majorité de petits et moyens contribuables restent dispersés dans les zones semi-urbaines des provinces. Ces derniers vivent dans des paradis fiscaux en raison du manque de moyens des autorités fiscales pour les localiser, les enregistrer et les taxer. C’est là que les TIC trouvent leur place.2En conséquence, la communication pour la promotion du civisme fiscal n’est pas suffisante sans le support de solutions informatiques mises à disposition des contribuables d’une part et sans le soutien de campagnes de sensibilisation (communication de masse avec l’aide des médias) d’autre part pour inciter les contribuables à les utiliser et les adopter.Le présent article porte sur l’exploitation de l’opportunité du téléphone mobile comme moyen de booster le civisme fiscal grâce à l’expérience gratifiante de facilitation et de rapidité des transactions entre le contribuable et le fisc.
‘Taking the Voter’s Pulse’ the Media, Artificial Intelligence and Paradox of Innovation in Nigeria
Authors: Isika Gideon U.
Published: May 2021

The horizontal dividing line between human and science might have been the epi-centre of enquiry in the 1950s when the focus of Artificial Intelligence (AI) raised the question : when is a system designed by human “Intelligent” ? Since then, flurries of literature in communication studies capturing the most mundane aspects of AI as a tool for diverse possibilities have, as it were, re-enforced the earlier view championed by the western media about the need to leverage on communication (ICTs) to fasten the pace of development across societies, especially developing countries. While it is not intended here to ride the wave of technological advances, the hitherto implicit assumption that all the countries of the world are ready for this take-off as contended by the proponents of the development paradigm, did not take cognizance of the intricate issues of innovation and governance. Nigeria is one of such countries in daring need to redress the failures of her electoral process still scrapped in the swaddling clothes of her political merchants who are not near ready to let go the arcane ideology of “the winner takes all”. This study focuses on how to improve the nation’s electoral process through AI. It is also the contention that given the automated systemic nature of AI, these anomalies will be significantly reduced. Causal inference will be tested through analytical approach, while the discourse will be framed by diffusion of innovation theory. Based on the findings, recommendations will be made to address the aforesaid issues.
Fausses informations, vraies indignations ?
Authors: Badouard Romain
Published: May 2021

Si de nombreux travaux ont cherché à appréhender les effets de la désinformation en ligne sur les opinions des internautes, peu en revanche se sont penchés sur les modes d’appropriation des fausses informations dans les discussions du quotidien. De quoi débat-on, et comment débat-on, lorsque des « fake news » sont utilisées comme ressources principales des échanges ? Existe-t-il des dynamiques de débat propres aux fausses informations, en comparaison des discussions d’actualités politiques traditionnelles? Pour répondre à ces questions, cet article repose sur l’analyse d’un corpus de fausses informations tirées de la base de données du Décodex du journal Le Monde, ainsi que de l’étude de fils de discussion occasionnés par le partage de ces contenus sur Facebook. Quatre critères sont sélectionnés pour analyser les caractéristiques de ces échanges : la dimension contradictoire des débats, la politisation des prises de parole, la violence des propos et le rapport des internautes à la réalité de l’information discutée. Les résultats de cette étude exploratoire confirment notamment l’hypothèse selon laquelle les fausses informations constituent moins des outils d’influence que des supports de prise de parole pour des individus déjà convaincus, qui partagent des « fake news » pour exprimer des positions politiques. Elle montre également que le degré d’adhésion aux messages véhiculés par ces contenus dépend du degré de politisation de la page qui les partage.
D’univocité en rétroaction : la critique de la cybernétique dans la pensée de Heidegger
Authors: Rappin Baptiste
Published: May 2021

Le concept d’information occupe une place importante dans l’œuvre du philosophe Martin Heidegger ; il s’agit alors pour nous de saisir cette opportunité pour mieux comprendre le mouvement de dé-médiation lié à l’expansion de la logique algorithmique. Nous observerons comment les fondements logiques de l’information liés à l’idéal d’univocité se trouvent convertis en boucle de rétroaction par la cybernétique : alors la régulation et le pilotage peuvent se substituer à l’institution comme nouvelle forme de gouvernementalité.
« #Clexa love is not a fight » : queerbaiting, pratiques toxiques et activisme dans la communauté des fans de #Clexa
Authors: BOURDAA Mélanie
Published: May 2021

Cet article propose d’analyser comment la relation des fans avec les textes, mais également avec les équipes de production, peut influencer la communauté des fans elle-même et les inciter à mener des actions communes. Ces réactions/actions peuvent être négatives, un phénomène appelé toxic fandom qui entraine des clivages dans la communauté. Néanmoins, elles peuvent également être positives, un phénomène d’activisme politique dans lequel les fans se servent de la fiction et de ses personnages comme levier d’engagement. Nous nous appuierons sur un cas spécifique : la mort d’un personnage dans la série post-apocalyptique The 100 qui a provoqué de fortes réactions dans la communauté des fans de la série. Cette analyse sera l’occasion de revenir sur les contextes industriels et narratifs en définissant le queerbaiting et le trope narratif « Bury Your Gay ».
Active Tourism in the Active Economy
Authors: Wright Richard Keith , Dickson Geoff , Ajiee Richard Opara
Published: May 2021

According to the World Travel and Tourism Council's (WTTC) most recent reports, one in every ten jobs (an estimated 330 million) is influenced if not directly supported by travel and tourism-related activity, making it one of the world's largest economic sectors. Whilst the boundaries that separate adventure tourism from active/sport tourism are blurred, the subject is certainly not lacking in terms of evidence-based definitions, conceptual frameworks, or typologies. This chapter offers a critical overview of the existing body of knowledge that relates to the emergence of a global active and/or adventure-based tourism economy. The authors complement their review of the literature with a case study looking at the ‘home of adventure', Queenstown, New Zealand.
Best Solution for the Graphic Problem: A Single GPU or A Multi-GPU or An Upgradable GPU
Authors: Rathnayake R.M.C.L. , Dhammearatchi D.
Published: May 2021

Graphical Processing Unit (GPU) or in general graphic cards or VGA (Video Graphic Array) cards become major hardware of the computer world. After the development of the Graphical User Interfaces (GUIs) of Operating Systems (OSs), the most developed hardware after the processor is a graphic card. But a graphic card is consisting of a fixed amount of memory. It is the major limitation to use a graphic card for a certain big task because the memory limits the amount of data that can store in the graphic card. This paper briefly examines the possibility of installing more memory on a graphic card by the user according to the specific task.
Potential Pathophysiology Through High Gonadal Hormone Profile and Peripheral Insulin Resistance, Circumventing IFN γ Effects in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Authors: Hettihewa L.M. , Weerasinghe L.
Published: May 2021

Heterogeneous Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a low grade inflammatory diseases common with many of the young female and strongly associated with peripheral insulin resistance. Our study focused on investigating the effects of interferon gamma (IFN γ) in control of IR in obese PCOS patients with matched control. PCOS patients diagnosed by Rotterdam criteria and BMI matched controls were checked for Fasting insulin and IFNγ, FSH, LH, prolactin, testosterone, triglycerides and glucose levels and IR was calculated by Homeostasis Model Assessment (HOMA-IR), Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index (QUICKI) and McAuley (McA) index. Fasting glucose, insulin, and IR by QUICKI, HOMA-IR and McA is higher in obese PCOS in compared to control. High serum testosterone, LH, and FSH levels were also observed in women with PCOS. But IFNγ is not statistically significant and not correlated significantly with fasting insulin (ρ = -0.004), HOMA-IR (ρ = -0.02), QUICKI (ρ = -0.11) or McA (ρ = -0.15) in obese women with PCOS. We suggest that development of peripheral insulin resistance in PCOS is not through the mediation of IFNγ. Further studies are needed to prove the suggested mechanism and to develop drugs for reversing PCOS pathology.
UBX Domain Protein 6 Positively Regulates JAK-STAT1/2 Signaling
Authors: Ketkar Harshada , Harrison Andrew G. , Graziano Vincent R. , Geng Tingting , Yang Long , Vella Anthony T. , Wang Penghua
Published: May 2021

Type I/III IFNs induce expression of hundreds of IFN-stimulated genes through the JAK/STAT pathway to combat viral infections. Although JAK/STAT signaling is seemingly straightforward, it is nevertheless subjected to complex cellular regulation. In this study, we show that an ubiquitination regulatory X (UBX) domain-containing protein, UBXN6, positively regulates JAK-STAT1/2 signaling. Overexpression of UBXN6 enhanced type I/III IFNs–induced expression of IFN-stimulated genes, whereas deletion of UBXN6 inhibited their expression. RNA viral replication was increased in human UBXN6-deficient cells, accompanied by a reduction in both type I/III IFN expression, when compared with UBXN6-sufficient cells. Mechanistically, UBXN6 interacted with tyrosine kinase 2 (TYK2) and inhibited IFN-β–induced degradation of both TYK2 and type I IFNR. These results suggest that UBXN6 maintains normal JAK-STAT1/2 signaling by stabilizing key signaling components during viral infection.
B Lymphocyte Specification Is Preceded by Extensive Epigenetic Priming in Multipotent Progenitors
Authors: Strid Tobias , Okuyama Kazuki , Tingvall-Gustafsson Johanna , Kuruvilla Jacob , Jensen Christina T. , Lang Stefan , Prasad Mahadesh , Somasundaram Rajesh , Åhsberg Josefine , Cristobal Susana , Soneji Shamit , Ungerbäck Jonas , Sigvardsson Mikael
Published: May 2021

B lymphocyte development is dependent on the interplay between the chromatin landscape and lineage-specific transcription factors. It has been suggested that B lineage commitment is associated with major changes in the nuclear chromatin environment, proposing a critical role for lineage-specific transcription factors in the formation of the epigenetic landscape. In this report, we have used chromosome conformation capture in combination with assay for transposase-accessible chromatin sequencing analysis to enable highly efficient annotation of both proximal and distal transcriptional control elements to genes activated in B lineage specification in mice. A large majority of these genes were annotated to at least one regulatory element with an accessible chromatin configuration in multipotent progenitors. Furthermore, the majority of binding sites for the key regulators of B lineage specification, EBF1 and PAX5, occurred in already accessible regions. EBF1 did, however, cause a dynamic change in assay for transposase-accessible chromatin accessibility and was critical for an increase in distal promoter–enhancer interactions. Our data unravel an extensive epigenetic priming at regulatory elements annotated to lineage-restricted genes and provide insight into the interplay between the epigenetic landscape and transcription factors in cell specification.
Case series
Authors: Dwivedi Aradhana , Simalti Ashish Kumar , Goswami Jyotindra Narayan , Kalra Suprita , Negi Vandana
Published: May 2021

Individual genetic disorders are rare but cumulative prevalence of these disorders is high. Genetic diagnostic armamentarium has expanded with introduction of next generation sequencing techniques. A qualified geneticist can be of invaluable help in applying suitable genetic test and analyzing the results. We present 3 cases highlighting how involving qualified geneticist in daily round can help in detecting rare disorder even when clinical picture is not suggestive of a genetic disorder.
Medical Writing: Write your Way to Six-Figures and Beyond
Authors: Hoffmann-Eubanks Brittany
Published: May 2021

Medical writing is a broad term for a vast 3-billion-dollar industry. The industry is large enough to accommodate all types of medical writers and health care communicators who can contribute in various ways. For example, some medical writers assist with medical education, such as continuing
medical education (CME), slide-decks, textbooks, needs assessments, and patient education. Other medical writers may work in medical journalism, research documents, medical marketing, regulatory document preparation, or scientific publication and presentations. This article discusses ways
for pharmacists to enter this field and is an extension of the ASCP provided webinar, which can be accessed here.
First Course of treatment and Prognosis of Exocrine Pancreatic Cancer in Korea from 2006 to 2017
Authors: Kang Mee Joo , Lim Jiwon , Han Sung-Sik , Park Hyeong Min , Park Sang-Jae , Won Young-Joo , Kim Sun-Whe
Published: May 2021

PurposeHospital-based clinical studies have limitations in holistic assessment of cancer treatment and prognosis, as they omit out-of-hospital patients including elderly individuals. This study aimed to investigate trends in initial treatment and corresponding prognosis of patients with exocrine pancreatic cancer (EPC) in Korea. Materials and MethodsThe Korea Central Cancer Registry data of patients with EPC from 2006 to 2017 were retrospectively reviewed. We defined the first course of treatment (FT) as the cancer-directed treatment administered within four months after cancer diagnosis according to Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program. ResultsAmong 62,209 patients with EPC, localized and regional (LR) SEER stage; patients over 70 years old; and ductal adenocarcinoma excluding cystic or mucinous (DAC) accounted for 40.6%, 50.1%, and 95.9%, respectively. “No active treatment” (NT, 46.5%) was the most frequent, followed by non-surgical FT (28.7%) and surgical FT (22.0%). Among 25,198 patients with LR EPC, surgical FT increased (35.9% to 46.3%) and NT decreased (45.0% to 29.5%) from 2006 to 2017. The rate of surgical FT was inversely related to age (55.1% [< 70 years], 37.3% [70-79 years], 10.9% [≥ 80 years]). Five-year relative survival rates of LR DAC were higher after surgical FT than after NT in localized (46.1% vs. 12.9%) and regional stage (23.6% vs. 4.9%) from 2012 to 2017.ConclusionLess than half of overall patients with LR EPC underwent surgical FT, and this proportion decreased significantly in elderly individuals. Clinicians should focus attention on elderly patients with EPC to provide appropriate medical advice.
Modeling Frequency of Injuries per Vehicle Crash in Gurage Zone, Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Biru Mohammed Derese  , Dumga Kassahun Trueha
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND፡ Traffic accident is the most serious problem in developing countries like Ethiopia, which is among the leading cause of death with the highest increasing rate from year to year in Ethiopia. This research aimed to identify the associated factors on the frequency of injuries per vehicle crash in Gurage zone.METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted to identify the contributing factors of a number of injuries per accident. The data were collected from all traffic control and investigation office of 13 Woredas (Districts) for the past five consecutive years from 2013 to 2017. Negative Binomial Regression model was employed to identify the associated factors that affect the number of injuries per accident.RESULTS: A total of 334 accidents recorded in the last five years from 2013 to 2017 in Gurage zone.Two hundred eight three (84.73%) of the accidents were caused 610 number of injuries. The significantly associated factors of frequency of injuries per road traffic accidents were Drivers’ Age (IR: 0.9813; CI: 0.9664 -0.9962), Drivers’ Sex: Female (IR : 1.6386; CI : 1.2176 - 2.0596), Drivers’ vehicles ownership: Hired (IR: 1.4216; CI: 1.1697 -1.6735) and non-drivers’ related variables, like weather condition: Rainy (IR: 1.6041; CI: 1.2552 - 1.9529), road shape: street-square (IR: 1.7421 ; CI: 1.1908 - 2.2934) and vehicle type: Isuzu (load)(IR: 1.6845; CI : 1.2592 - 2.1098) Minibus (IR: 2.7253; CI 2.3129 - 3.1377).CONCLUSIONS: This study found that, Driver’s related factors: Driver’s Age, Sex, Drivers’ vehicle ownership, and non-drivers’ related variables: Weather condition, Road shape, and Vehicle type were identified as significantly associated factors on the frequency of injuries per vehicle crash in Gurage Zone.
How Nurses Apply Patterns of Knowing in Clinical Practice: A Grounded Theory Study
Authors: Forough Rafii  , Alireza Nikbakht Nasrabadi  , Fereshteh Javaheri Tehrani
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND፡ Nurses require a great deal of knowledge to provide a comprehensive and effective nursing care. A number of patterns have been put into place to help nurses acquire this knowledge. The aim of this study was to describe the core variable in the process of using patterns of knowing by nurses in clinical practice.METHODS: The study was conducted in qualitative and grounded theory approach, between April 2018 and January 2020. Semi-structured interviews were used for data collection. All the interviews were transcribed verbatim. Nineteen clinical nurses were interviewed, and eight observation sessions were conducted in different hospital departments. Participants were first selected through purposeful and then theoretical sampling. Data were analyzed and interpreted using constant comparison analysis approach.RESULTS: The findings of the study indicated that nurses apply the patterns of knowing in three ways in their clinical practice: "cohesion of patterns of knowing", "domination of some patterns of knowing" and "elimination of some patterns of knowing". The core variable of this process is cohesion of patterns of knowing in the domain of flexibility.CONCLUSION: The findings of the present study indicate that application of patterns of knowing is practiced in a range of nurse flexibility in clinical settings.
Risky Sexual Behavior across Extremes of Wealth in sub-Saharan Africa: A Meta-Analysis of Demographic and Health Surveys
Authors: Rahma Ali  , Afework Tadele
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND: Risky sexual behavior increases the risk of contracting sexually transmitted disease including HIV and other reproductive health problems.There have been varying assumptions and different reported result explaining the relationship between risky sexual behavior and wealth. This review was intended to examine the disparity of risky sexual behavior among the two extremes of wealth in sub-SaharanAfrican countries.METHOD: This study reviewed demographic and health survey reports of sub-Saharan African countries. We excluded older reports and reports published in languages other than English. Finally, reports from 16 countries were considered for review. Data were entered in excel and transported to stata for analysis. Metaprop and Metan command were used to compute proportions and odds ratio. Standard chi-square and I square tests were used to assess heterogeneity.RESULT: Pooled prevalence of having multiple sexual partner ranges from 2 to 12%. Over 80% of the countries reported that more than half of the individuals did not use condom at their last risky sexual intercourse. Poorest females were 0.62 [OR: 0.62, 95% CI (0.50, 0.78)] times less likely to have multiple sexual partners than males. Both males and females from the poorest wealth quantile had higher odds of not using condom at their last risky sexual intercourse, 1.41 [OR: 1.41, 95% CI (1.29, 1.53)], 1.41 [OR: 1.46, 95% CI (1.23, 1.73)], respectively.CONCLUSION: Multiple sexual partners is relatively low in the region. Condom non-use is high in both genders. Additionally, poorest males and females were at higher risk of not using a condom at last risky sexual intercourse.
Challenges of Reproductive Health Management in the Camps of Internally Displaced Persons: A Systematic Review
Authors: Farin Fatemi  , Shandiz Moslehi
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs) in the camps face many reproductive health challenges. They should meet their needs timely to save their lives. This paper outlines a systematic review to discuss the challenges of reproductive health management in the camps of internally displaced persons.METHODS: For this research, electronic databases including PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, Pro Quest, Google Scholar and Cochrane Library till January 1, 2020 were searched. A threestage screening process was used for the selection of literature due to PRISMA checklist. Finally, a thematic synthesis approach was applied to analyze the data.RESULTS: In total, 133 articles were identified; 11 articles met the inclusion criteria for entering the process of final analysis. The findings were demonstrated in six main categories of availability and accessibility of reproductive health services, sexual and gender-based issues, human rights, social and cultural issues, coordination and collaboration, and mental health issues. The remarkable result of this study highlighted that the main challenges are lack of access to health services, violence against women and lack of household education.CONCLUSION: Results of this systematic review present valuable advice for policy makers and managers to prepare and respond effectively and timely to reproductive health challenges of internally displaces persons. Disaster preparedness plans and contingency plans for maintaining and developing reproductive health in IDPs camps are recommended.
Growing Ignorance of COVID-19 Preventive Measures in Ethiopia: Experts’ Perspective on the Need of Effective Health Communication Strategies
Authors: Zewdneh Shewamene  , Fisseha Shiferie  , Engida Girma  , Befikadu L. Wubishet  , Mizan Kiros  , Atakelti Abraha  , Abduljelil Reshad  , Getachew Tiruneh  , Benyam Worku  , Eskedar Lemlemu  , Rahel Belete Balkew
Published: May 2021

Despite the recent surge of COVID-19 infections in Ethiopia, we are observing a profound ignorance of preventive measures by the general public and leaders at different levels. This is presenting considerable challenges in the effort to contain and control the pandemic. We believe that the current health communication approach implemented by the health authorities and media outletsneed to be redesigned to bring a sustainable COVID-19 preventive behavior. The purpose of this perspective paper, therefore, is to stimulate discussions on effective health communication strategy to help the public persistently practice COVID-19 preventive measures over the long term. We undertook a series of discussions amongst the authors in order to synthesize individual viewpoints into ‘experts’ perspective’ driven by our daily observations and our expertise in the health service research. In light of this, we suggested that an effective health communication strategy need to address context specific situations to avoid temptation to ignore the ramifications of this very serious pandemic. This strategy includes trying to make sense of daily reported COVID-19 cases, being highly selective regarding sources of information, and being sensitive and responsive to religious and cultural factors. The media, health professionals, and leaders need to teach us how to live with the pandemic informed by robust scientific sources.
Gilbert Syndrome in a Young Ethiopian Man: First Case Report
Authors: Amir Sultan  , Kibrewossen Kiflu
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND፡ Gilbert syndrome is a well-recognized condition causing unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia with otherwise normal transaminases and liver function tests.

CASE: A 21 year old male patient presented with recurrent episodes of jaundice over four years. The episodes were preceded by stressful conditions and intercurrent illnesses. All laboratory prameters were normal except an unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia. A diagnosis of Gilbert syndrome was made after careful clinical evaluation.CONCLUSION: Recognizing Gilbert syndrome has important clinical implicaitions by avoiding uncessary and expensive workup of patients with jaundice. Mangement entails avoiding stressful conditions and prolonged fasting.
Barriers of Adherence among Palestinian Healthcare Professionals towards the Protocol of Health Education and Counselling on Healthy Behaviours for Non-Communicable Diseases
Authors: Ahmed Hassan Albelbeisi  , Ali Albelbeisi  , Abdel Hamid El Bilbeisi  , Mahmoud Taleb  , Amirhossein Takian  , Ali Akbari-Sari
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND፡ Despite the huge numbers of the universally produced and employed protocols, the adherence with them is still low to moderate in the healthcare settings. This study was employed to assess the attitudes of Palestinian healthcare professionals in Gaza Strip to health education and counseling on healthy behaviours protocol (WHO-PEN Protocol 2), for patients with non-communicable diseases in the Ministry of Health primary healthcare centers.METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted with a census sample of all governmental family physicians and nurses (n=175). The study questionnaire was developed based on Cabana theoretical framework. The Arabic version questionnaire was developed based on the cross-cultural adaptation framework. The psychometric properties of the Arabic version questionnaire was finally evaluated.RESULTS: The psychometric properties of the Arabic version questionnaire showed good construct validity and internal consistency reliability. The overall adherence level to WHO-PEN Protocol 2 was 70.0, SD=6.9. The main perceived barriers were lack of incentive, patients’ factors, and lack of time. In general, most of healthcare professional respondents had a positive attitude toward the protocol, but this attitude was not predictor to protocol adherence.CONCLUSION: The good validity and reliability of the questionnaire can provide support for the accuracy of the study results. Varied implementation strategies targeting the major barriers derived from the study are extremely required for addressing the lack of incentives, patients’ factors and time constraints.
Proposing an Indigenous Nigerian Folktale Therapy as a Counselling Model for Character Training and Behaviour Change among School Children
Authors: Adeoye EA , Okeowo AO , Yusuf AF , Rotimi O
Published: May 2021

Using the Yoruba race of Nigeria as fulcrum for the study, this paper examines the universality and didactic significance of archetypes in African folklore. The authors contend that Africa folklore, by virtue of its highly moralizing and didactic elements made possible by an embedded commonality of instructive archetypes, offers a lifeline that counsellors andpsychologists can use in combating the moral decay in the Nigerian society. Based on this premise the paper goes on to present a counselling model for character training and behaviour change through the use of an indigenous Nigerian Folktale Therapy (I.N.F.T). The model is a response to the needed paradigm shift in the counterproductive traditional punitive method of combating undesirable behaviours that seem to have become rampant currently in Nigerian society. This model could indeed serve as springboard for adaptation in other African settings which are very rich infolklores.Keywords · Folktale · Therapy · Counselling psychology
Challenges and Counselling Needs of Sickle Cell Patients Attending University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital
Authors: Yahaya LA , Durosaro IA , Nuhu MA
Published: May 2021

This study investigated the challenges and counselling needs of sickle cell patients attending the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital (UITH) Kwara State, Nigeria. Purposive sampling was used to select 120 literate regular and non-regular patients of the hospital. A researcher developed instrument titled “Challenges and Counselling Needs of Sickle Cell PatientsQuestionnaire” (CCNSPQ) was used to elicit information from these participants. Five research questions raised in the study were answered using frequency counts, means and ranking and Analysis of Variance was used to test the hypotheses formulated at the .05 level of confidence. Thefindings showed that excessive bone, abdominal and chest pains are the major challenges confronting the respondents while occasional  embarrassment due to unexpected sickness accompanying sickle cell disorder and stigma are the most serious counselling needs. There was nosignificant difference in the challenges of sickle cell patients based on age but the respondents had significantly different counselling needs.  Therefore, it is recommended that guidance and public health education be put in place to reduce the stigmatisation of sickle cell patients. In addition, wellequipped clinics should be provided to facilitate early treatment. Genetic Counselling should also be provided both in the school and the community to prevent future occurrence of sickle cell disorder.Keywords • Sickle cell disorder • Genetic Counselling • Higher Education
The Predictive Level of Cognitive and Meta-Cognitive Strategies on Academic Achievement
Authors: Akpur Uğur
Published: May 2021

The aim of this research is to determine the structural relationship pattern between rehearsal, elaboration, organization and critical thinking strategies and academic achievement. 414 university students attending a public university in Istanbul participated in the study. As a data collection tool, “Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire” was applied to the participants. Academic achievement scores of the students were determined by the English Proficiency Exam (EPE) conducted by the institution. The data obtained from the study were analysed through Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) and by using AMOS 22.0 statistical software program. Findings revealed that rehearsal and elaboration strategies did not predict academic achievement in a meaningful way. On the other hand, critical thinking and organizational strategies were found to be statistically significant in predicting academic achievement. In addition, the results demonstrated that there was a statistically significant and positive relationship between rehearsal, elaboration, organization and critical thinking strategies.
Using Q Methodology to Explore Science Teachers’ Socioscientific Decision-Making
Authors: Eş Hüseyin , Yenilmez Türkoğlu Ayşe
Published: May 2021

In this study, Q methodology was used to explore science teachers’ socioscientific decision-making. In Q methodology, participants are presented with a number of statements about a topic and are asked to sort these statements according to a guideline. The methodology allows researchers identify more information about participants’ decision-making by putting them at the center of analysis. The participants of the study consisted of 8 science teachers (5 females, 3 males), who were asked to sort a number of 22 statements about socioscientific issues; and as they completed their sorting, they were interviewed. Findings revealed two distinct perspectives that science teachers had about socioscientific decision-making: (i) traditional and (ii) universal. Even though all science teachers were aware of the value and importance of environment and human health, their perspectives differed in the subject areas of science, policy and sociology/culture, and in the intellectual baggage of experience and value.
Assistance and Support Provided to International Students by University Teachers
Authors: Marinenko Olga
Published: May 2021

While studying abroad, international students face numerous difficulties, which forces host universities to provide such students with additional assistance and support. However, the issue of activities employed by university teachers to support international students has been understudied. The research was undertaken to identify what activities university teachers used to assist and support international students and what categories of teachers were more likely to provide assistance. The main method was a descriptive survey where a quarter of faculty (N=92) of the Belarusian-Russian University participated. The analysis revealed that the most popular activities to enhance learning outcomes of international students were providing them with easier and simpler assignments, using interactive projector to deliver lectures, and encouraging international students to seek personal guidance. University teachers were also aware of psychological and socio-cultural problems of international students and did their best to create safe classroom environments, demonstrate tolerance to low language proficiency and speech errors, and facilitate intercultural interactions in the classrooms. More active positions in supporting international students were taken by middle career teachers. The study highlights the significance of implementation of support activities in international groups and recommends that host universities organize special training for faculties with significant numbers of international students.
Metacognitive Skills and Problem-Solving
Authors: Güner Pınar , Erbay Hatice Nur
Published: May 2021

The purpose of this study is to investigate the metacognitive strategies that middle school students used in the process of solving problems individually. The study group consisted of 37 middle school students in the eighth grade. The students were asked one non-routine word problem, and their written answers were collected. After solving the problem, the students filled out a self-monitoring questionnaire that requested them to reflect retrospectively on the metacognitive strategies they employed for the problem. In order to obtain detailed data, semi-structured interviews were conducted with six students, three of whom gave correct responses and the other three gave wrong answers to the problem. The data was analyzed through the model of metacognitive activity during problem-solving. The results showed that metacognitive skills have a significant effect on students’ problem-solving success. The study found that students with high metacognitive skills tend to solve the problem correctly by using appropriate strategies, mathematical notations and logical reasons. The results also revealed that students with poor metacognitive skills have difficulties in understanding the problem, selecting appropriate strategies, and finding correct answer. Although the students thought the opposite, it was concluded that their habits of checking, detecting, and correcting mistakes in their solutions were poor.
Effects of Operating Temperature on the Performance of c-Si, a-Si:H, CIGS, and CdTe/CdS Based Solar Cells
Authors:   East Delta University, Shahriar Ahnaf , Hasnath Saif , Islam Md. Aminul
Published: May 2021

Solar photovoltaic technology is one of the most promising, economical and green technologies to harvest energy with the least effect on the environment. Crystalline silicon (c-Si), amorphous silicon (a-Si), CIGS, CdTe/CdS etc., are dominating the PV market. Operating temperature plays an important role in the performance of solar cells. A comparative investigation on the effect of operating temperature on the market available solar cells is very important in choosing the better PV technology in high-temperature applications. In this study, the performances of different solar cell technologies, namely crystalline silicon (c-Si), amorphous silicon (a-Si), CIGS, and CdTe/CdS based solar cells, have been investigated under different operating temperature by using SCAPS-1D simulation software. All parameter of a solar cell for different technology has been studied under the varying operation temperature ranging from 25 ºC to 70 ºC and the rate of change of them has been recorded. It has been found that the Voc and Pmax degrade significantly and Isc increases slightly with an increase in temperature. The temperature coefficients of Pmax for c-Si, a-Si, CdTe and CIGS have been found as -0.0724/K, -0.0362/K, -0.0112/K and -0.0663/K, respectively. On the other hand, c-Si and CIGS technologies show better quantum efficiency behaviour in both room and high operating temperatures.
Implicações da radioterapia no tratamento do Glioma de baixo grau na odontologia: relato de caso
Authors: Gummella Bianca Puppin , Koubik Ana Claudia Galvão de Aguiar , Zunsztern Daniel More , Koubik Mariana de Aguiar
Published: May 2021

Gliomas de baixo grau são tumores cerebrais que afetam predominantemente adultos jovens com potencial de comprometimento da capacidade cognitiva, podendo levar a óbito. O tratamento baseia-se principalmente na excisão cirúrgica, radioterapia e/ou quimioterapia.  Objetivos: identificar e descrever as implicações do tratamento do glioma de baixo grau na odontologia e os prejuízos da radioterapia, por meio de uma revisão de literatura e relato de caso. Metodologia: buscas em bases de dados internacionais PubMed/MEDLINE e Scielo. O presente relato descreve paciente do sexo masculino, acometido por glioma de baixo grau. Resultados e Conclusões: o paciente relatado sofreu dermatite da pele irradiada pelas sessões de radioterapia, uma leve perda de cabelos e alguns episódios de cefaléia. Contudo não teve nenhum problema bucal consequente da radioterapia como xerostomia, disfagia, candidíase, alteração no paladar, trismo, cárie de radiação, doença periodontal e osteorradionercrose. O acompanhamento odontológico aos pacientes antes, durante e após o tratamento é fundamental para melhorar a sua qualidade de vida.
Aplicação de Ácido Hialurônico em região labial guiado por ultrassonografia de alta frequência com Doppler
Authors: Rodrigues Adriana Novaes , Moura Karlos Gudde de Holanda , Franco João Maluf
Published: May 2021

O presente artigo aborda, em região labial, a técnica de preenchimento com ácido hialurônico guiado por ultrassom doppler de alta frequência. Objetivo demonstrar que este procedimento, minimiza as complicações vasculares, devido à grande vascularização da região labial. Método: utilização de ultrassom com Doppler e transdutor de alta frequência de 22MHz, em procedimento de preenchimento labial. Resultados: Com a diminuição de riscos e localização exata do produto injetado, propõem-se a utilização do ultrassom guiado para o procedimento de AH injetável, a fim de minimizar os riscos vasculares, em áreas faciais.
APPLICATIONS OF SHIROABHYANGA (HEAD MASSAGE) AND IT’S ROLE IN THE MANAGEMENT OF DARUNAKA (DANDRUFF) – A SCIENTIFIC REVIEW
Authors: Deepti M.R  , Jayanthi.C  , Bali Yogitha M.R
Published: May 2021

Darunaka, considered as dandruff is a Kapalagata and a Shirogata roga that commonly affects today’s young generation because of their modified lifestyles, improper dietary habits, improper maintenance of hair, use of various chemical included hair products and due to high stress at the workplace. Due to the advancement of many new hair products, people hardly remember the application of hair oil, also called as Shiroabhyanga, ancient practice for maintaining the hair and keeping the mind cool. Modernization has lead to lack of these practices and a rise in the disorders of hair including stress. There are many studies are available on the scalp disease Darunaka and the application of Shiroabhyanga with specific oils. In this study an effort has been made to review all such studies that involve the Darunaka and Shiroabhyanga or the head massage or the application of oil and to evaluate the probable mode of action of the same which would be very helpful for the researchers, practitioners and Ayurvedic fraternity to validate the procedure of Shiroabhyanga and its applicability in the present health disorders that are caused due to excessive stress. This study might also give an idea to the novice researchers for incorporating an Ayurvedic therapy like Shiroabhyanga along with Yoga and other systems of medicine in reducing the complaints of the patient and serving the society for the better.
HOLISTIC APPROACH OF AYURVEDA IN THE MANAGEMENT OF EKA-KUSHTHA W. S. R. TO PSORIASIS - A CASE STUDY
Authors: Vijay P. Shingade  , Jasminbegam B. Momin
Published: May 2021

Skin is the largest organ which reflects the both healthy and diseased condition of the body. According to ancient Ayurved samhitas, all the skin diseases are categorized under Kushtha roga. In modern world, skin has greater cosmetic importance leading to boost the confidence and personality of an individual as well as to attain the healthy mindset. The morbid condition of the skin should be treated earlier as it may attain Krichrasadhya or even Asadhya avastha also. Ancient Acharyas have been explained in detail the Panchakarma accompanying with variety of Shamana aushadhis and Sthanika chikitsa to treat the Kushtha rogas. In the present case study, a 37 years old female patient having symptoms resembling to Eka kushtha was treated with combine use of ancient Ayurvedic treatment protocols viz., Nidana parivarjana, Shodhana chikitsa, Shamana aushadhis and Sthanika chikitsa together with Pathyapathya. The assessment of Lakshanas was done by using WHO guidelines for Kushtha. This comprehensive approach of Ayurveda to treat the Eka kushtha helps to achieve the significant relief in symptoms of the patient.