bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Non-Trivial Stimuli-Responsive Collective Behaviours Emerging from Microscopic Dynamic Complexity in Supramolecular Polymer Systems
Authors: Crippa Martina , Perego Claudio , Pavan Giovanni M.
Published: October 2024

Supramolecular polymers are composed of monomers that self-assemble non-covalently generating distributions of fibers in continuous exchange-and-communication with each other and the surrounding. Intriguing collective properties may emerge in such molecular-scale complex systems, following mechanisms often difficult to ascertain. Here we show how non-trivial collective behaviors may emerge in dynamical supramolecular polymer systems already at low-complexity levels. We combine minimalistic models, simulations, and advanced statistical analyses investigating how cooperative and non-cooperative supramolecular polymer systems respond to a specific stimulus: i.e., the addition of molecular sequestrators perturbing their equilibrium. Our data show how, while in a non-cooperative system all assemblies populating the system suffer uniformly the perturbation, in a cooperative system the larger/stronger assemblies survive at the expense of the smaller/weaker entities. Collective behaviors typical of larger-scale and more complex (social, economic, etc.) systems may thus emerge even in relatively simple self-assembling systems from the internal (microscopic) dynamic heterogeneity of their ensembles.
Advances in Mass Spectrometry Fragmentation Techniques for Peptide and Protein Characterization: CID to ETD
Authors: Kuril Akhilesh Kumar , Manchuri Krishna Moorthy
Published: October 2024

Mass spectrometry (MS) has transformed the field of proteomics by enabling the precise analysis of proteins and peptides at the molecular level. The heart of this analysis is the process of fragmentation, which plays a pivotal role in elucidating amino acid sequence, identifying post-translational modifications (PTMs), and characterizing structural features. Peptides and proteins are first ionized and then subjected to fragmentation techniques such as Collision-Induced Dissociation (CID), Electron-Transfer Dissociation (ETD), and Electron-Capture Dissociation (ECD). These techniques induce fragmentation along the peptide backbone, generating characteristic fragment ions (b and y ions, c and z ions) that reflect the sequence of amino acids. The mass-to-charge (m/z) ratios of these fragment ions provide crucial data for de novo sequencing and PTM identification. Furthermore, fragmentation patterns can reveal insights into protein folding, interactions, and dynamics. This article provides the detailed view of mass fragmentation techniques in peptides and proteins, highlighting its importance in advancing proteomic research and its applications in fields ranging from biomarker discovery to drug development.
SOLARVIEW: prototipo de aplicación web para monitoreo de paneles y circuitos solares utilizando Arduino
Authors: De Ávila Gutiérrez Lourdes , Ramírez Peralta Juan David , Castañeda Sanchez Juan Esteban , Cervante Florez Adan Felipe
Published: October 2024

El desarrollo de un prototipo para el monitoreo de paneles solares surge como respuesta a la falta de seguimiento a los mantenimientos realizados, lo que genera gastos innecesarios y disminuye el rendimiento de las instalaciones solares. Este problema afecta la eficiencia energética y la transición hacia un modelo más sostenible. La solución propuesta utiliza tecnología Arduino para recopilar datos en tiempo real sobre voltaje, corriente y partículas de polvo, los cuales se presentan a través de una plataforma web y una app móvil a futuro. Esta herramienta tecnológica tiene como nombre SolarView: Prototipo de Aplicación Web para Monitoreo de Paneles y Circuitos Solares utilizando Arduino. Por lo que el prototipo propuesto se organiza en fases para su construcción que incluyen la recolección de requisitos, diseño de interfaz, diseño de prototipo de hardware, integración de la aplicación web y la inteligencia artificial, y pruebas de funcionamiento. Teniendo en cuenta los requisitos identificados se ha desarrollado el prototipo que permite a los usuarios, tanto a las empresas de instalación de paneles con un rol de administradores y a los propietarios finales de las plantas solares con un rol de usuarios, verificar el estado de sus paneles solares para realizar su mantenimiento y realizar un seguimiento continuo del rendimiento de sus instalaciones solares. Los usuarios finales tienen acceso limitado a las funciones de monitoreo, como la autenticación de usuario (inicio de sesión), realizar test, ver resultados de las pruebas, historial de actividades y contactar con el proveedor. Mientras que el administrador cuenta también con los permisos mencionados anteriormente del usuario final también tiene permisos adicionales del sistema, como crear y eliminar usuarios, configurar paneles. Este proyecto va dirigido a empresas que proveen el servicio de instalación de plantas solares como a usuarios independientes que deseen hacer uso de este. Este proyecto espera obtener como resultado el Desarrollo Tecnológico e Innovación a través de la realización del Proyecto de Investigación "SolarView: Prototipo de Aplicación Web para Monitoreo de Paneles y Circuitos Solares utilizando Arduino". Además, busca la apropiación social del conocimiento con la participación del proyecto en eventos locales y nacionales, y se generarán manuales de usuario para la utilización del sistema. La plataforma web permitirá la supervisión del estado de los paneles y circuitos solares, facilitando la identificación de necesidades de mantenimiento o deterioro, garantizando un suministro constante de energía, ajustado a los requerimientos de la instalación, mejorando así la eficiencia y durabilidad de los paneles solares.
Educación en la era de la Inteligencia Artificial. Caso de estudio del curso de señales y sistemas de los programas de ingeniería mecatrónica y biomédica de la Universidad Eia
Authors: Giraldo Vásquez Mario Alejandro , Acevedo González Georffrey , Núñez López Juan David , Rozo Osorio David
Published: October 2024

El uso de herramientas digitales basadas en Inteligencia Artificial, como los chatbots, se ha incrementado a medida que más desarrollos se ponen a disposición del público y estos incluyen progresivamente aplicaciones especializadas por área del conocimiento y otras clasificaciones. Los espacios académicos, incluyendo la educación, pueden resistir el uso de herramientas basadas en Inteligencia Artificial porque se especula sobre el uso que los estudiantes le dan para atender sus deberes de formación, o ante el temor de un posible reemplazo de actividades docentes. En este trabajo abordamos la aplicación de la herramienta ChatGPT4, y GPTs especializados en educación e investigación, para la creación de recursos académicos que fortalezcan las clases magistrales, y la evaluación con exámenes y prácticas de laboratorio. La característica principal de estos recursos es la generación de casos de estudio pertinentes y aplicables al mundo real, con una interpretación física o funcional de los conceptos teóricos impartidos en las clases magistrales. Se presenta el análisis de los efectos sobre la apropiación del conocimiento y capacidad de transferencia de estos en un período de estudio de un año, en la asignatura Señales y Sistemas que cursan estudiantes de sextos semestre de Ingeniería Mecatrónica e Ingeniería Biomédica de la Universidad EIA. El instrumento usado pretende medir la capacidad de transferencia de los conceptos aprendidos en diferentes contextos. Se encontró que el docente tiene una tarea adicional cuando debe validar que las propuestas generadas mediante la Inteligencia Artificial no contengan sesgos y que estén orientadas a la verdad. Adicionalmente, se consolidó un listado de prompts útiles para la asignatura mencionada y una metodología para la construcción de estos agrupados en ejemplos de clase magistrales, preguntas para exámenes y problemas para prácticas de laboratorios. Con respecto a los estudiantes, se evidenció una mayor satisfacción con la evaluación de los cursos, un mayor entendimiento de conceptos y una mayor motivación para explorar nuevas aplicaciones. Esto evidenciado en un rendimiento académico superior, demostrado en calificaciones individuales y aprobación de los cursos
The Disruptive Fluidity and Ubiquity: Creativity in the World of In-betweenness
Authors: Piliang Yasraf A.
Published: October 2024

Fluidity and ubiquity are two fundamental principles of our contemporary world, representing new ways of perceiving, thinking, experiencing, organising, and creating various aspects of our present world. These principles have radically transformed models of economic exchanges, industrial production, social relations, cultural representations, and aesthetic expressions. Fluidity serves as a philosophical antithesis to the modern rigid, stratified, and binary worldview, celebrating a fluid, non-stratified, and non-binary perspective driven by dynamic flow, flux, and connectivity. On the other hand, ubiquity defines our present world of objects, which are created through augmented and mixed reality, giving them the property of being present anywhere and everywhere. Both fluidity and ubiquity serve as contemporary models for generating disruptive ideas, forms, styles, products, organisations, and systems. Fluidity represents the fluid-creative organisation of physical, social, cultural, and aesthetic elements, independent of binary structures, while ubiquity represents the transformation of objects from the virtual to the trans-material.
Bunyi yang Tercecer dari Hannah Arendt
Authors: Bawono Haryo Tejo
Published: October 2024

Book & Film Reviews is a column in "MELINTAS" containing reviews of books and films published recently that bring different interpretation and inspiration to the fields of philosophy and religion.
Endoscopic Treatment of 14 Cases of Small Subepithelial Lesions in the Gastrointestinal Tract Using a Combined Snare, Long Lucency Cap, and Argon Plasma Coagulation Technique
Authors: Pang Jian , Wu Jingyu , Sun Chen , Jiang Yan , Liu Xiangyuan , Liu Chang'en , Lei Xinwen , Wang Tengqi
Published: October 2024

Subepithelial lesions (SEL) of the digestive tract refer to a series of benign and malignant subepithelial masses that appear smooth or rough under gastrointestinal endoscopy. Endoscopic resection of subepithelial lesions in the digestive tract is widely recognized due to its advantages of minimal trauma and rapid recovery. This paper reports and summarizes the experiences of using the combined snare, long lucency cap, and argon plasma coagulation technique to remove small subepithelial lesions in 14 patients.
Exploring the Effects of Health Education and Chronic Disease Management Nursing in the Management of Hypertension in Elderly Patients in the Community
Authors: Lin Yuhong
Published: October 2024

Objective: To explore the effects of health education and chronic disease management nursing in elderly community patients with hypertension, in order to provide scientific evidence for improving the health management level of these patients. Methods: Sixty-four elderly hypertension patients treated at this hospital between March 2022 and March 2024 were selected and randomly divided into two groups, with 32 patients in each group. One group received conventional management, designated as the control group, while the other group received a combined management strategy involving health education and chronic disease management, designated as the experimental group. The study compared the management outcomes of the two groups to evaluate the value of the combined management approach in elderly hypertensive patients in the community. Results: The study found that the experimental group showed significantly lower systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and scores on the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) compared to the control group, with statistically significant differences (P < 0.05). Additionally, the experimental group demonstrated significantly higher scores in disease cognition levels regarding awareness of normal blood pressure ranges, prevention of complications, identification of high-risk factors, and healthy lifestyle practices, with statistically significant differences (P < 0.05). Moreover, the experimental group showed significantly better rates of self-management behaviors, such as quitting smoking and alcohol, self-monitoring of blood pressure, dietary control, regular medication adherence, and consistent exercise, compared to the control group, with statistically significant differences (P < 0.05). Conclusion: This study indicates that a combined management model integrating health education and chronic disease management effectively improves the emotional state of elderly hypertensive patients in the community, significantly enhances their disease cognition levels, and boosts their self-management abilities. Furthermore, this model can effectively lower patients’ blood pressure, thereby achieving better health management outcomes for elderly hypertensive patients in the community.
Research Progress of Intracardiac Electrogram Localization Technology in PICC Tip Localization
Authors: Li Lingyu , Ma Xiang , Yan Jiao , Han Haijing
Published: October 2024

As a safe, accurate and radiation-free method of catheter tip positioning, intracardiac electrogram positioning technology (IC-ECG) has shown significant advantages in the field of peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC), and has been increasingly concerned and welcomed by clinical operators at home and abroad in recent years. This article reviews the technical principle, clinical progress, advantages and limitations of IC-ECG, aiming to provide a reference for further clinical research and application of this technology.
The Clinical Application of Quality Nursing Service in Urological Nursing
Authors: Yi Zuohui
Published: October 2024

Objective: To explore and analyze the clinical application effect of high-quality nursing service in urology nursing. Methods: 400 patients who received treatment in the urology department of our hospital were selected as the study object and randomly divided into two groups. The control group and nursing group, had 200 patients in each group. The control group received the usual nursing mode, while the nursing group received high-quality nursing services. Results: Through comparative analysis, the complication rate of the nursing group was significantly lower than that of the control group, and the satisfaction rate was significantly higher. Conclusion: The application of high-quality nursing service in the nursing of urological patients is remarkable.
Study on the Application Effect of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) in Patients Undergoing Spinal Fracture Surgery
Authors: Niu Yanan , Chen Han , Wang Yan , Li Ying , Wen Shaman
Published: October 2024

Objective: To study the application effect of the Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) model in patients undergoing spinal fracture surgery. Methods: A randomized controlled trial was designed, and 86 patients undergoing spinal fracture surgery were randomly divided into the ERAS group and the conventional care group. Postoperative recovery outcomes of the two groups were compared. Results: The ERAS group showed better outcomes in terms of postoperative pain scores, activities of daily living, length of hospital stay, and adherence to rehabilitation training compared to the conventional care group, with shorter hospital stays and lower medical expenses (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The ERAS model significantly improves the postoperative recovery quality of patients undergoing spinal fracture surgery, reduces hospital stay and medical costs, and increases patient satisfaction.
My father is an Uzbek, a Soviet Soldier
Authors: Mamatov M. A.
Published: October 2024

The article discusses the participation of Uzbek soldiers in the Great Patriotic War and the factors that contributed to the formation of inter-ethnic cooperation and friendship, which influenced their mindset. The author argues that the character of the Uzbek soldiers was shaped on the basis of the Russian mentality, culture, and willingness of the Russian soldier to assist a friend regardless of their nationality. At the same time, the Uzbeks preserved their national and religious identities. In author’s opinion, common achievements during the Soviet era, as well as the preservation and strengthening of relations and cooperation in economic, cultural, and educational fields, play an essential role for the people of the currently sovereign states.
International Terrorism: Challenges in Defining and Updating Legal Frameworks for Counteraction
Authors: Rodachin V. M.
Published: October 2024

The article discusses the actual issue of increasing danger of international terrorism for global, regional and national security, on the one hand, and insufficient theoretical understanding of this phenomenon, as well as legal support for countering its threats, on the other hand. The article reveals contradictions in the interpretations of signs and definitions of international terrorism; the author’s interpretation is given. The proposals on updating the legal framework and doctrinal and political documents related to the issues of countering international terrorism and terrorism in general are presented.
Impacto del aprendizaje auto dirigido en la formación universitaria
Authors: Parrales Cedeño Katty Janeth , Hermosa López Angie Lisbeth , Alonso Muñiz Ronald Enrique , Cevallos Ponce Geomayra Katherine
Published: October 2024

La educación, y en especial de las universidades tienen como finalidad, formar aprendices autónomos, que sean capaces de dirigir y monitorear su propio proceso de aprendizaje. Por lo que nace el interés por investigar el impacto del aprendizaje auto dirigido en la formación universitaria. El artículo se realizó bajo un enfoque de una revisión bibliográfico – documental, apoyado por diversas bases de datos como Pubmed, Scopus, Scielo, para la obtención de información relevante en base al tema de estudio utilizando de la mano de cadenas de búsqueda avanzada conformadas por palabras clave y términos booleanos (AND, OR, NOT). Se seleccionaron varios estudios relacionados con el tema de revisión, cumpliendo con los criterios de inclusión, y se utilizó Mendeley como gestor bibliográfico. De la revisión se desprende el impacto del aprendizaje autodirigido en la formación de la universitaria. Concluyendo que el aprendizaje auto dirigido está presente en todo momento de la vida académica y personal Se torna necesario que, a los estudiantes universitarios para motivarlos hacia el camino del aprendizaje permanente, es importante capacitarlos para un enfoque de aprendizaje auto dirigido, donde identifiquen la necesidad de aprender el contenido y esperen alcanzar el resultado del aprendizaje de forma independiente.
Manejo quirúrgico de la peritonitis: Desafíos y avances en la práctica moderna
Authors: Morales Giler Carlos Miguel , Barciona Simon Carla Elizabeth , Vega Carrión Jennifer Lizzette , Zaldumbide Cando Karla Solange
Published: October 2024

La peritonitis es una inflamación del peritoneo, que es la membrana que recubre la cavidad abdominal y cubre la mayoría de los órganos que se encuentran dentro de ella. Esta inflamación suele ser causada por una infección, generalmente bacteriana, pero también puede ser causada por irritantes químicos o por la presencia de sangre. Para llevar a cabo esta revisión bibliográfica, se realizó una búsqueda exhaustiva en las bases de datos PubMed, Scopus y Cochrane Library. Se utilizaron combinaciones de términos MeSH y palabras clave relevantes como "peritonitis", "cirugía", "manejo quirúrgico", "desafíos", "avances". Se incluyeron estudios originales publicados en español desde el año 2000 hasta la fecha de la búsqueda, con el objetivo de garantizar la inclusión de los avances más recientes en el campo. El manejo quirúrgico de la peritonitis ha experimentado avances significativos, pero aún persisten desafíos importantes. La personalización del tratamiento, la optimización de las técnicas quirúrgicas y un enfoque multidisciplinario son fundamentales para mejorar los resultados clínicos de estos pacientes.
Discapacidad motriz, intelectual y sensorial en estudiantes de educación básica y bachillerato
Authors: Carreño Acebo María Elena , Caycedo Casas Xiomara , Delgado Vélez José Stefan , Macías Párraga Yoli Doménica
Published: October 2024

La educación es un derecho fundamental para todos. Las personas con discapacidad tienen derecho no solo a la educación sino a una educación inclusiva, donde se les brinde los apoyos necesarios para acceder a una educación de calidad y desarrollar todo su potencial. La reducción de las barreras y el logro de los objetivos planteados irá de la mano de una intervención o provisión de servicios y apoyos adecuados. En este sentido, el propósito de la presente investigación se centra en plasmar las generalidades acerca de la discapacidad motriz, intelectual y sensorial en estudiantes de educación básica y bachillerato y algunas estrategias básicas para lograr la inclusión educativa. En cuanto a la discapacidad motriz, intelectual y sensorial en estudiantes en educación básica y bachillerato, en términos generales, una de las principales herramientas de apoyo en ambos niveles lo constituyen las adaptaciones curriculares. Estas adaptaciones pueden ser de acceso al currículo (infraestructura, recursos, materiales, personal, de comunicación, de tiempo), no significativa (metodológicas y de evaluación) y significativas (objetivos educativos y destrezas con criterios de desempeño). Existen guías para realizar estas adaptaciones de la mejor manera, según cada caso. Toda adaptación e intervención de niños o adolescentes con estas discapacidades y necesidades especiales de apoyo en el aprendizaje, en cualquier nivel educativo, debe ser abordada en conjunto por docentes, equipo multidisciplinario escolar (en caso de que exista), profesionales tratantes del alumno y familia, con la finalidad de lograr los mejores resultados.
Wychowanie do humanitaryzmu międzygatunkowego w czasie wojny. Czego możemy nauczyć się dziś o edukacji, nauce i równości od Rudolfa Weigla?
Authors: Obrycka Małgorzata
Published: October 2024

W niniejszym artykule przedstawiono historię życia i działalności naukowej profesora Rudolfa Weigla, twórcy pierwszej na świecie szczepionki przeciwko tyfusowi plamistemu. Wybór tematu powiązany jest bezpośrednio z problematyką wyzwań edukacyjnych obejmujących wymiary międzyludzkie, jak również międzygatunkowe. Przedmiot analiz zaprezentowano w świetle zagadnień z zakresu problematyki pracy badawczej naukowców, ukazanej w kontekście wojennych wydarzeń historycznych. Celem artykułu jest przybliżenie tematu wymogów stawianych przed uczonymi w ramach uwarunkowań edukacyjnych, równościowych, a także polityczno-kulturowych, i co za tym idzie – wskazanie zagrożeń ujawniających się w tej przestrzeni.
Wanda Kamińska (1964–2022). Praca akademicka
Authors: Dąbrowski Szymon
Published: October 2024

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Przedchrześcijańska mentalność krzyżowców na przykładzie starofrancuskiej "Pieśni o Rolandzie"
Authors: Waszak Jan
Published: October 2024

Pieśń o Rolandzie, datowana na przełom XI i XII stulecia, jest epickim utworem opisującym wydarzenia z okresu panowania Karola Wielkiego. Motywem przewodnim dzieła jest walka chrześcijańskich rycerzy z muzułmańskimi Saracenami. Głównym celem artykułu jest próba ukazania konotacji między XI-wiecznymi tendencjami myślowymi a europejskimi tradycjami pierwotnymi w aspekcie idei krucjatowej. Działanie poznawcze tego typu skierowane jest na przybliżenie problematyki zależności pomiędzy stanem religijnej mentalności rycerstwa w przededniu pierwszej krucjaty do Ziemi Świętej a zaproponowanym przez Urbana II modelem świętej wojny. Postawione w tekście pytania badawcze sformułowano w brzmieniu: „Czy obecna w poemacie specyfika pobożności jest właściwa pierwszej wyprawie krzyżowej?” oraz „W jaki sposób średniowieczna mentalność łączy się z dziedzictwem przedchrześcijańskim?”
Demonstratives sei and onyi in P. Tolstoy’s translation of “The History of the Present State of the Ottoman Empire”
Authors: Skripka V.
Published: October 2024

The paper considers the use of demonstrative pronouns sei and onyi in the treatise “The History of the Present State of the Ottoman Empire” (the manuscript of the Academy of Sciences Library, No. 31.3.22), translated from Italian into Russian by P. Tolstoy at the beginning of the 18th century. The purpose of the study is to determine the principles Tolstoy was guided by when choosing a particular pronoun and the facts that could have influenced his translation technique.We have determined that some regularities could be found: for instance, Tolstoy preferred to translate Italian proximal deictic pronouns (questo and etymologically proximal ciò) using sei, while quello, a distal deictic pronoun, was translated using onyi, which indicates that the pronouns retain their ancient meaning, although they are not opposed as a means of anaphora either in the Russian or in the Italian text. However, when there is no demonstrative pronoun in the original text, of the two pronouns Tolstoy preferred to add onyi in the anaphoric function and sei in the common deictic expressions preže sego ‘before’, vyše sego ‘above’ and niže sego ‘below’.While the manuscript was being prepared for publication, some grammatical corrections were made; in general, it did not concern the pronouns sei and onyi, except for one fact: the inconsistent replacements of onyi with tot when the pronoun related to a subordinate clause. The change, in our opinion, could be explained by the features of the Russian demonstrative pronouns system: since at least the 14th century up to the present time, this function has been performed by tot. Having appeared in this role under the influence of the Italian pronoun quello, the pronoun onyi, which consistently performs this function in Italian, in the eyes of the editor, was to be replaced.
Omar Khayyam in Russian literary interpretation (Vardvan Varzhapetyan’s novel “The smell of a wild rose”)
Authors: Bekmetov R.
Published: October 2024

The article analyzes Vardvan Varzhapetyan”s (born in 1941) novel “The Smell of a Wild Rose” (1974–1978), a biographical narrative about Omar Khayyam, the medieval Persian thinker, mathematician and poet. The novel is part of a trilogy about writers from different national cultures and historical eras: in addition to O. Khayyam, V. Varzhapetyan artistically recreated the images of Li Bai (“The Traveler with a Candle”, 1981–1984) and Francois Villon (“The Ballad of Fate”, 1978–1981). There are practically no literary works studying the named text (as, indeed, the entire trilogy). This determines the scientific novelty of the article. It clarifies the genre nature of V. Varzhapetyan’s work and traces the mechanisms of O. Khayyam’s image embodiment through the ratio of documented factual and aesthetic (imaginary) elements; discusses the issues related to the ways of conveying the oriental flavor in the work (“oriental style” as a component of poetics); draws attention to its structural plan (a compositional ring as one of the techniques for coupling episodes and chapters). In the novel, O. Khayyam is not just a cheerful reveler, a regular of drinking establishments. He is a man with a subtle, receptive soul, suffering from the imperfections of the surrounding world, from the evil spread in it in the broadest sense of the word (ranging from ignorance and bad taste to the horrors of violence, murder and deception). It reflects the “Mozartian” context of a creative personality’s fate: on the one hand, the ease of acceptance of being (hence the game motif of the Khayyam model of everyday behavior), on the other – the tragedy of the situation arising from the inability to fully realize good intentions, to purify the world from the filth of total recklessness. “The Smell of a Wild Rose” (the symbolism of the name is obvious) is the novel version of the universal “matrix” of human life as an eternal search for truth and beauty, set out on Iranian cultural material.
The narrative mode in the novel “Jerusalem the golden” by Margaret Drabble
Authors: Vafina A.
Published: October 2024

The article studies the narrative strategies in English women’s novels of the second half of the 20th century. The research is based on the novel “Jerusalem the Golden” by Margaret Drabble (1967). The scientific novelty of this study is explained by the research methodology. We study the main principles and techniques in the transformation of the established canons in English women’s realistic novel. Our analysis of the ideological, thematic, structural, semantic and compositional levels of the text through the prism of the dialogical relationship between the author and the reader helps to identify the organization of the inner world of the text. It allows us to explore Margaret Drabble’s contribution to the development of intellectual prose by women writers in the 1960–1970s. The article pays attention to the importance of changing the points of view, the significance of the home topos in understanding the problems raised in the novel, and interprets the figurative structure of the text. The study revealed that this novel was a turning point in the writer’s work. Despite the fact that Margaret Drabble still relies on the traditions common in Victorian prose at the ideological level, the writer has started to rethink the genre strategies inherent in the English realistic novel inputing into her artistic work the techniques that will become characteristic features of postmodern prose. In the work “My Golden Jerusalem” the author appeals to the reader in the communication chain “author-text-reader” in solving the problem of “being and seeming”, using a woman’s fate as an example.
National, mass and general human features in A. Ganieva’s novel “Bride and groom”
Authors: Serebryakova E.
Published: October 2024

The aesthetic position of Alisa Ganieva is close to that of the “new realists” generation (Z. Prilepin, R. Senchin, S. Shargunov, D. Gutsko and G. Sadulaev) who recorded the feeling of a deep modern culture crisis in prose. Turning to the traditional themes of a national character and a folk hero in Russian prose, the writers introduce new connotations into their interpretations. Soviet writers (Ch. Aitmatov, V. Rasputin, R. Gamzatov, etc.) interpreted mythology and folklore as part of the people’s historical experience, passed on from generation to generation rationally and meaningfully. Modern writers are focused on identifying archetypes of mass consciousness that are inherited unconsciously and give rise to neomyths. Alisa Ganieva’s novel “Bride and Groom” (2015) is based on the ancient version of the androgyne myth. At the same time, the author transforms all elements of mythopoetics. The plot of the novel is structured as the movement of the characters towards each other and its logical outcome – a wedding. However, the ending is rethought: the wedding does not happen. A harmonious worldview, typical of mythological consciousness, is unattainable; the world appears to be illogical, and happiness is unattainable. This interpretation of the myth reflects the author’s perception of folk and mass cultures. In the novel, people’s consciousness is presented as mythological, the one which is irretrievably lost. Modern mass culture is shown as a distorted copy of mythological consciousness – a quasi-myth, in which the formal properties of myth are preserved but its content is emasculated. In mass consciousness, the essential properties of the archaic worldview are deformed: the harmony of man and the cosmos, the intra-clan unity, the cyclical nature of time stages as the law of cosmic renewal, the festive and carnival components are distorted. The result is a quasi-myth of a consumer society devoid of national characteristics but actively exploiting the ethnic component. Universal human values – love, pursuit of happiness, family based on spiritual closeness, search for truth – are represented by constants of existence that are not subject to time and fashion.
When the post-colonial transforms into the national (“The narrow road to the deep north” by R. Flanagan)
Authors: Sidorova O.
Published: October 2024

Australian literature, which has long developed within the framework of the British literary tradition, is increasingly turning to (re)thinking the history of the continent, acquiring the features of a special type of postcolonial literature - the literature of settler communities. This is clearly manifested in the novels of contemporary Australian writers. The article examines how the contemporary Australian novel reflects the continent’s colonial history and the ambivalent role of the settlers who were both colonizers and were colonized. The novels by P. Carey, K. Grenville and R. Flanagan show how settlers, having displaced the aborigines, assumed the role of an indigenous nation and formed their own national identity. The article notes that images of Aboriginal people begin to appear in Australian novels only at the end of the 20th century. Particular attention is paid to R. Flanagan’s 2014 Booker Prize-winning novel “The Narrow Road to the Deep North”, which explores Australia’s recent history of the WWII period. We show that the author defines Australian identity against the background of British and Japanese national characters, using universal archetypal myth elements to create the image of a national hero.
“Celtic backlighting” of the traumatic issues in Murdoch’s novel “The good apprentice”
Authors: Khabibullina L.
Published: October 2024

The article examines the traumatic and mythological contexts of I. Murdoch’s novel “The Good Apprentice”. On the one hand, we describe the stages of the main character’s traumatic experiences and his ways of overcoming the trauma in the novel; on the other hand, we focus on the analysis of one of the described stages when the protagonist finds himself in a kind of a “magical” female world, a world of oblivion and recreation. The article puts forward and proves the assumption that the characteristics of this world were created based on the culture of the “Celtic Revival” at the turn of the 19th-20th centuries, largely inspired by William Morris’s “Arts and Crafts” movement, at the same time Murdoch was ironic about this part of English culture. The deeper roots of the novel’s reminiscent field go back to Celtic mythology with its images of “enchantresses” who hinder the protagonist and pursue him. In Iris Murdoch’s novel “The Good Apprentice”, the female world appears illusory and dangerous for the protagonist as one of the obstacles on his path.
Genre originality of the novel-novella “Tima, yashasen!” (“Leave him alone, let him live!”) by Marcel Galiev
Authors: Khabutdinova M. , Motigullina A.
Published: October 2024

The article studies the genre originality specifics of the work by Marcel Bayanovich Galiev, a People’s Writer of the Republic of Tatarstan. We systematize the material according to the extent his work has been studied. The analysis is based on Marcel Galiev’s unfinished work “Tima, yashasen” (“Leave Him Alone, Let Him Live”). The book was conceived as a work in two parts, but for personal reasons, the author limited himself to creating the first part. Marcel Galiev defined the genre of his book as a novelnovella. The article proves that novel-oriented thinking is inherent in the writer. In terms of content, this is an autobiographical work, in which the general is intertwined with the personal, the concrete with the individual and the universal with the national. Marcel Galiev uses a multi-level structure where biographical, family-everyday, socio-historical and natural-cyclical forms of artistic time are harmoniously intertwined. As the plot develops, the novel turns into a mirror of the era, showing family life and social life, the patriarchal life of the Tatar village and the capital life of Kazan and Moscow. The reader forms an idea of the material values and spiritual culture of Soviet citizens. The writer’s creative manner is characterized by deep psychologism, analyticity and lyricism. Genre displacement occurs through marginalia and individual inserts in other genre forms. This frame novella incorporates an autobiographical novel.
Interpretation of modern literary texts: the role of socio-cultural context in teaching Russian as a foreign language
Authors: Ibragimova E.
Published: October 2024

The article examines the socio-cultural potential of the “urban” text as an educational material in the course of learning Russian as a foreign language. We consider the features of socio-cultural principles in teaching Russian as a foreign language. The article presents three traditionally practiced stages of text work, based on a modern “urban” text (the story by E. Bunimovich), giving examples of exercises aimed at developing “urban” text interpretation skills, and improving the knowledge and skills of Russian vocabulary and grammar. Special attention is paid to the use of phraseological units and words, meaning realities that help to learn more about the Russian language and the features of Russian culture.The article concludes that the “urban” text as a widespread and accessible communicative material serves as an illustration of the living Russian language for international students and ensures their contact with the modern cultural and linguistic realities of the Russian linguistic community. The socio-cultural context of such texts directly affects their process of perception and adaptation in the Russian-speaking environment. As “urban” texts are oriented towards various spheres of communication, foreign communicants accumulate the necessary vocabulary for successful communication.
On adaptation skills of a foreign language teacher
Authors: Svirina L. , Ashrapova A.
Published: October 2024

The problem of a young teacher adaptation to modern school realities is currently one of the most pressing in education. Scientific research in this area covers the issues of social and psychological assistance to young teachers, the need to assign a mentor and the task of providing additional forms of professional development at the initial stage of teaching at school. The purpose of our article is to improve the university stage of future teachers’ preparation so that the professional focus of pedagogical training allows them to creatively use the wide range of methodological tools to solve non-standard problems that arise when organizing educational activities in a modern classroom. In our work, we relied on both the research of domestic and foreign researchers, devoted to acquiring pedagogical skills, and on the results of a senior students’ survey, conducted immediately after their teaching practice at schools. The unique opportunity of the pedagogical education makes it possible, from the first days of a student at a university, to involve them in professionally-oriented practical activities within the framework of the chosen major subject through quasiteaching and reflective practice, that will contribute to gaining individual professional experience.
Religious vocabulary and the features of its usage in the Russian language (based on the adjective адский (hellish)
Authors: Kilina L. , Kolosova E.
Published: October 2024

The current article analyzes the sacred vocabulary functioning in the Russian language. Based on the lexical-graphical sources and the Russian National Corpus, we examine the history of the adjective adskii (hellish), which demonstrates typical ways of religious vocabulary desacralization and the juxtaposition of the conceptual meanings of sacred and profane. The diachronic method of research allowed us to trace back the mentioned adjective’s history; the descriptive method, with reference to the written sources first and foremost, helped with the description of this lexeme’s function specifics in different periods of the Russian language development. We used the materials of explanatory dictionaries of different eras to establish the chronological borders of the word’s semantic changes, such as the “Materials for a Dictionary of Ancient Russian” by Izmail Sreznevsky, the “Dictionary of the Russian Language of the 11th–17th” edited by Stepan Barhudarov, the “Dictionary of the Russian Language of the 18th century” and the data from the “Dictionary of Russian Idioms” by Galina Kustova created on the basis of the Russian National Corpus. The most important stages for the desacralization of the adjective adskii are its usage in an uncharacteristic context, as well as the changes in its semantics caused by the similar changes in the semantics of the noun it was derived from. As a result of our research, we have come to the conclusion that the adjective adskii in the modern Russian language serves a pragmatic function of the evaluative intensifier, while saving its figurativeness and negative connotation.
Time in the old Russian and old Belarusian judicial 15th - century texts
Authors: Klimkovich O. , Nemyka A.
Published: October 2024

The article analyzes linguistic means by which temporal characteristics are represented in Old Russian and Old Belarusian 15th-century court documents. The purpose of the work is to characterize the verbalization features of temporal characteristics in the 15th-century court verdicts, created in various Russian territories and in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. To achieve this goal, the following tasks have been solved in the work: 1) the means of representing calendar and descriptive time in the 15th-century judicial texts have been characterized; 2) the similarities and differences in the use of various verbalization means of time characteristics in Old Russian and Old Belarusian texts have been revealed. The relevance of the work is determined by the fact that a comparative study of judicial texts can clarify the development features of business writing in two closely related East Slavic languages. The descriptive and comparative methods are used in the work.We have established that the similarity of the considered texts in the use of linguistic means, characterizing time, is manifested in the presence of identical constructions denoting the date and the use of such adverbs as потом (later), ныне (now), the adjectives давний (long-ago), извечный (eternal), the nouns год (year), лето (summer), день (day), the adverbial participial constructions отходя сего (leaving this) / того света (of that world) and verbs in the past tense. Local differences are determined by the use of different lexemes denoting the terms of judicial actions and court sessions, the mandatory indication of the document compilation date in Old Belarusian texts and its optional nature in Old Russian texts, and the presence of time-rich segments in Old Belarusian texts.
“CONVERTIBILITY” OF POLITICAL IDENTITIES OF THE YOUTH AS A POLITICAL AND SCIENTIFIC ISSUE
Authors:   Chernyshevsky Saratov State University, Shestov Nikolai I. , Vilkov Aleksandr A. ,   Chernyshevsky Saratov State University, Kazakov Aleksandr A. ,   Chernyshevsky Saratov State University
Published: October 2024

The main idea of the article can be formulated as follows. Primary task of political science is to predict the future state of political processes based on a generalization of historical and modern data identified by a researcher. In relation to the task of analyzing political identities of modern Russian youth, it means that for a political scientist the goal of studying their current state is to predict various probable options for their future transformations and corresponding possible risks. Accuracy of the forecast is ensured by its method. The publication is proving the need to take into account, in the political science analysis of political identities, their predisposition to changes, which the authors conventionally designated as “conversions”. It’s a predisposition to the fact that within the boundaries of the concept through which a person’s consciousness determines the presence of a particular value in the motivations for their participation in socio-political life, an exchange of one meaning for another occurs. That is, to ensure that the key values, the connections between which transform civic identity into a system and tie it to other value foundations, do not lose their motivational significance for participation in politics in the conditions of radical changes in the latter. In other words, the essence of “conversion” is the transformation in the consciousness of a citizen of the previous meaning of the value foundations of political identification into a new meaning that is more adequate to the changed circumstances.
GRASSROOTS CIVIC ACTIVITY IN THE YAROSLAVL REGION. ISSUES AND DEVELOPMENT TRENDS
Authors:   P.G. Demidov Yaroslavl State University, Sokolov Aleksandr V. , Babajanyan Papik A. ,   P.G. Demidov Yaroslavl State University, Prusov Denis A. ,   P.G. Demidov Yaroslavl State University
Published: October 2024

The article studies the main characteristics of grassroots civic engagement. At the moment, there are many examples of the successful influence of civil initiatives on specific decisions and actions of the authorities. The growth of civil movements and the development of Internet technologies have led to the fact that many initiatives began to be formed “from below” from citizens and public organizations. The key role in that process is played by the interaction between the grassroots actors of civil society and government representatives, as a result of which political action is taking place to address specific issues. The present work gives the definition of the concept of “grassroots civic activity” and presents the results of the study that identify the main factors and issues that affect grassroots civic activity, as well as identify prospects and trends in the development of grassroots civic initiatives in the Yaroslavl region. In addition, the technologies and elements that stimulate the development of grassroots civic engagement are highlighted. It is certain that the activation of grassroots civic initiatives manifests itself out of sync, which is explained by the specifics of a particular region and the level of socio-economic development of the territories.
OPPORTUNITIES AND LIMITATIONS OF USING BIG TEXT DATA IN RUSSIAN AND FOREIGN POLITICAL SCIENCE ON THE EXAMPLE OF GDELT DATABASE
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities, Vakarchuk Denis O.
Published: October 2024

In a comparative way the article considers the practice of quantitative analysis of large textual data in Russian and foreign political science using the example of the GDELT (Global Database of Events, Language, and Tone) database. Based on the review of scientific publications by Russian and foreign researchers, the article shows a variety of research tasks that can be solved using GDELT data. At the same time, the tasks solved by national political scientists using GDELT data are mainly descriptive in nature, while the works of foreign scientists are characterized by the incorporation of GDELT data into complex mathematical models in order to determine the nature and direction of relationships between variables. It is revealed that the variability of research is due to the wide functionality of the GDELT database. The main advantages of using GDELT are, firstly, the possibility for automated event and content analysis of large textual data, secondly, an additional option for operationalizing and validating political phenomena and processes, and thirdly, the possibility of falsifying the results of the analysis. The limitations of working with the database were identified as, firstly, the imperfections of the CAMEO ontology, secondly, the incompleteness of the data contained in the database, and thirdly, the technical limitations of working with the GDELT database. Thereby, the author concluded that GDELT data should be used with extreme caution, and that measurements should be checked for validity in each case.