bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Picking the Proper Technological Tool for Problem-Solving in Arbitration
Authors: Schmitz Amy J.
Published: January 2025

Amy J. Schmitz takes a step back and stresses the importance of a cautious approach to integrating technology into dispute resolution. She examines the rise of what she calls OArb, a term used to define arbitration that integrates the use of technology to facility the procedure, and explores its potential to improve access to justice. More specifically, she delves into the roles of AI, blockchain, and the metaverse in arbitration, discussing their respective benefits and challenges. With AI, she emphasizes the need for responsible implementation to address concerns like bias and privacy. Regarding blockchain, she explores its potential for transparent and decentralized dispute resolution systems. In the metaverse, she examines the possibilities of virtual arbitration hearings and the associated challenges. Amy advocates for a holistic approach to integrating technology in arbitration, emphasizing clear goals, stakeholder involvement, contextual understanding, appropriate structures, resource allocation, and accountability. She underscores the importance of technology complementing the core principles of arbitration rather than overshadowing them.
Exploring ESG Investment Strategies: An Analysis of Theoretical Models and Corporate Implementation
Authors: Dou Zichen
Published: January 2025

Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) investing has gained significant traction as investors increasingly seek to align their financial goals with ethical considerations. This paper delves into the practical application of ESG criteria within the Markowitz Model (MM) and the Index Model (IM), examining the impact on portfolio optimization and risk management. We analyze a diverse set of companies across various sectors to assess their ESG implementation strategies and the resulting trade-offs between ethical investment and financial performance. Our findings suggest that incorporating ESG factors can lead to a reduction in the efficient frontier's return for a given level of risk, highlighting the need for a nuanced approach to portfolio management. The study concludes with recommendations for investors, emphasizing the importance of aligning ESG values with financial objectives. This research contributes to the growing body of literature on sustainable investing, offering insights for both academic and professional communities.
An In-depth Analysis of Role Positioning in Cross-border Marketing and Its Impact on Revenue --Taking the Cross-border Cooperation of Luckin Coffee & Maotai as an Example
Authors: Chen Yubei
Published: January 2025

The cross-border cooperation between Luckin Coffee and Maotai is a typical case of this strategy. By constructing a theoretical model including cross-border marketing, dynamic capabilities and conditional variables, and adopting the case study method, this study investigates the role of positioning in cross-border marketing and its impact on corporate earnings through business model analysis, consumer behaviour survey and marketing effect evaluation. This paper also provides an in-depth analysis of the role of cross-border marketing in promoting organizational change, product innovation and market expansion. This study concludes that Maotai, as a leader in China's liquor industry, has brought Luckin an increase in brand trust, and Maotai has also realized the win-win effect of expanding its consumer base as a result of Luckin's rejuvenation marketing strategy. Meanwhile, consumer questionnaires showed that consumers were more receptive to the dual-branded co-branded products, which, combined with the accurate market positioning strategies of both parties, resulted in a significant increase in sales. The analysis of the cooperation model between Maotai and Luckin reflects the importance of cross-border cooperation in service innovation and brand building. In addition, by constructing a theoretical model including cross-border marketing, dynamic capabilities and conditional variables, it provides a theoretical basis and practical guidance on how enterprises can improve their earnings through cross-border marketing.
Analysis of Indian Economic Situation and Influencing Factors of the Exchange Rate of Rupee
Authors: Zhang Qingci
Published: January 2025

With the turmoil in the international foreign exchange market and the rapid development of the Indian economy, the role of the Indian rupee in the international exchange rate market has gradually increased. At the end of May 2024, the Reserve Bank of India announced its plan to allow rupee accounts to be opened outside India. This move has led to speculation about a big change in India's foreign exchange policy. This article provides some analysis of the Indian rupee based on these hot events, and also includes forecasts of its exchange rate changes. The whole analysis will be divided into some parts of the ruble exchange rate, monetary policy, GDP composition, and forecasts for the future ruble exchange rate. It finds that the rupee's exchange rate is influenced by a multitude of factors, including the strength of the US dollar, domestic monetary policy, economic growth, inflation, trade deficits, and political stability. This paper also highlights the importance of understanding the rupee's behavior, which may offer some references for investors and policymakers.
Research on Singapore's Monetary Policy, Monetary Authority, and Import-Export Economic Development
Authors: Fu Kai
Published: January 2025

Singapore, as an important player in the global economy, has a high market value for both its economic conditions and monetary policies in academia and business. Given this importance, this study focuses on the monetary policy of Singapore and the institutions that determine it, as well as the effect of these elements on the import-export industry of the country. For this reason, the study embeds the historical development of Singapore's monetary policies and their effects on foreign trade, which shows that monetary policy is highly related to the country's external trading activities. Another perspective is the role of trade, both imports and exports, in the economy of Singapore. The assessment reflects Singapore's impressive economic performance and its key role in the global market. The findings suggest that through effective exchange rate management, Singapore has been able to support the growth of its trade sector while maintaining domestic macroeconomic stability and preserving its competitive edge globally.
The Analysis of Luckin Coffee Using 4P and SWOT Theories
Authors: Wu Mingyu
Published: January 2025

With the upgrading of consumption and the improvement of living standards in China, the coffee industry has encountered unprecedented growth opportunities. According to relevant reports, the market size of freshly brewed coffee in China has exceeded 100 billion yuan, showing strong growth momentum. This provides vast development space for coffee chains like Luckin Coffee. Luckin has demonstrated a robust growth trend, particularly achieving significant success in store expansion, product innovation, market layout, and sustainable development. This paper analyzes Luckin Coffee's current status and opportunities. Using literature review and theoretical analysis, it aims to examine Luckin Coffee's past and present marketing models and development strategies, while exploring how adjusting its marketing strategies can help Luckin Coffee cope with challenges and seize growth opportunities.
Research on the 7-Eleven Convenience Store
Authors: Zheng Ye
Published: January 2025

7-Eleven, a global convenience store chain, has established itself as a leader in the retail industry through its extensive network of stores and emphasis on convenience. Founded in 1927, 7-Eleven has grown to operate over 70,000 locations worldwide, offering a wide range of products from snacks and beverages to essential household items. Its business model focuses on providing quick and easy access to everyday needs, often targeting busy urban and suburban populations. As consumer preferences evolve and competition intensifies, 7-Eleven faces increasing challenges. Consumers are becoming more health-conscious, demanding higher-quality products, healthier options, and improved shopping experiences. Additionally, environmental sustainability is now a critical consideration for modern retailers. In response, 7-Eleven must adapt its strategies to address these shifting demands while maintaining its core value of convenience. This report investigates the effectiveness of 7-Elevens current market strategies, identifying factors that influence consumer behavior and proposing key areas for improvement to ensure the brand remains competitive in the ever-changing retail landscape. This report examines its current market strategies, focusing on factors that influence consumer purchasing behavior through "Go" and "Stop" signals. "Go" signals include the store's convenience, promotional strategies, and strong brand recognition, which motivate consumers to shop. Conversely, "Stop" signals, such as small store size, poor shopping experiences, and health concerns regarding food quality, act as deterrents. The analysis suggests that it can improve by optimizing space utilization, offering healthier products, enhancing food safety measures, and adopting sustainability practices. These interventions aim to strengthen customer loyalty and enhance overall brand perception.
A Comparative Study on the 1990 Japanese Real Estate Bubble Crises and the Post-pandemic Real Estate Bubble Crises in China
Authors: Zuo Jingyang
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this study is to conduct a comparative analysis and evaluate the effects of the real estate bubble crises in China following the epidemic and Japan in 1990. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and correlation. The data was collected through the World Bank website. The R-studio and Excel 2019 were used for data analysis. During the period 2010-2024 for China and 1980-2009 for Japan, it was found that China was in a stronger condition as compared with Japan. Further, it was identified that there were no bubble crises in China in the year 2010-2024 due to Covid-19 pandemic. This study provides a broader research idea to future researchers with the inclusion of other domains such as retail, banking, textile, and others, and to study in China and Japan.
The Impact of the Chinese Governments New Energy Vehicle Policy on Market Demand and Corporate Performance
Authors: Qu Yusen
Published: January 2025

With the implementation of Chinas New Energy Vehicle (NEV) policy, the automobile industry has undergone major transformations in market dynamics and corporate strategy. This policy, created to address environmental concerns and reduce reliance on fossil fuels, includes an extensive framework of regulations, mandates, and financial incentives designed to accelerate the adoption of clean energy technologies, such as electric and hybrid vehicles. Central to Chinas NEV policies are substantial financial incentives that increase consumer demand for NEVs while fostering an environment that promotes innovation in the industry. Consequently, NEV sales have surged, compelling automakers to rapidly adjust their product lines and production capacities to keep pace with evolving consumer expectations. Companies that have successfully adapted to these regulatory shifts have enhanced both their market positioning and financial performance by capitalizing on the rising demand for eco-friendly transportation. Beyond economic effects, the NEV policy has driven significant improvements in corporate Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) indicators. This policys focus on ESG has led to a fundamental shift in corporate strategy, with sustainability becoming central to operations and planning. This paper underscores how Chinas NEV policy aligns environmental goals with market incentives, facilitating corporate innovation and sustainability, providing valuable insights for stakeholders navigating the intersection of environmental policy and market strategy.
Net Present Value (NPV) Sensitivity Analysis: Understanding Risk in Investment Projects
Authors: Chen Shuo
Published: January 2025

This paper investigates the role of Net Present Value (NPV) sensitivity analysis in assessing investment risks. The primary objective is to explore how sensitivity analysis can enhance decision-making by accounting for uncertainties in key variables such as cash flows, discount rates, and project duration. Various methods of sensitivity analysis, including one- way, multi-way, and Monte Carlo simulation, are evaluated in the context of their effectiveness in risk management. By identifying the factors that most significantly affect NPV, investors can better manage potential risks and make more informed decisions. Case studies from the solar energy and oil exploration sectors illustrate the practical applications of these techniques. The findings suggest that sensitivity analysis is a vital tool for improving strategic planning, risk mitigation, and stakeholder communication in uncertain investment environments.
Just-in-Time Financial Education for University Students: Enhancing Financial Decision-Making in a Mixed Learning Environment
Authors: Zhao Xuaner
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this research is to demonstrate the increasing vitality of financial education. University students today face complex financial decisions, from managing student loans to budgeting for daily expenses, but many of them still struggle with applying this knowledge effectively, which underscores the need for more practical and timely educational interventions. This paper explores the potential of just-in-time financial education in improving financial decision-making among university students, specifically within a mixed-learning environment. The research, conducted through a survey of 100 students at the University of British Columbia, investigates their financial literacy, attitudes toward financial education, and opinions on the just-in-time approach. The findings reveal that while a majority of students have received some form of financial education, the impact of traditional courses is often limited and short-lived. In contrast, nearly all students expressed a preference for just-in-time education, favoring its immediacy and relevance during critical decision-making moments. The study concludes that just-in-time education, enhanced by digital tools, offers a more effective alternative to traditional methods, allowing students to access timely, practical financial knowledge.
The Relationship Between Growth and Capital Structure of Chinese New Energy Enterprises
Authors: Ruan Letian
Published: January 2025

This paper employs balanced panel data from 89 publicly listed companies in the Chinese energy industry spanning the years 2014 to 2023. It measures firm growth using Tobin's Q ratio and assesses corporate capital structure through the debt-to-asset ratio to investigate the relationship between capital structure and growth in the Chinese energy industry. By incorporating firm listing year, firm size, and core competitiveness as control variables, and utilizing both time-fixed effects and two-way fixed effects models for empirical analysis, the study concludes that the impact of capital structure on growth evolves over time. Specifically, a negative correlation is observed between the current period's capital structure and growth, whereas a positive correlation exists between the previous period's capital structure and growth. When adjusting their capital structures, energy firms should not only focus on current risk assessments and growth evaluations but also comprehensively consider the long-term ramifications of these adjustments on their future development.
The Effectiveness and Impact of Short Videos as Advertising
Authors: Chen Chishan
Published: January 2025

With rapid technological advancements and the rise of Generation Z, short-form video advertising has gradually replaced traditional television ads as a significant and influential social medium in peoples daily lives. With the rise of platforms like TikTok, Instagram, and YouTube, short-form videos have gained widespread popularity, allowing brands to reach a diverse and engaged audience. This paper examines the effectiveness of short-form videos as a new form of advertising. Using a combination of literature review and comparative analysis, this study explores key factors contributing to the success of short-form video ads, including user engagement, influencer collaborations, and platform strategies. The findings highlight the distinct advantages and characteristics of short-form videos over traditional advertising, offering a fresh perspective on their commercial value. This paper further discusses the potential for short-form videos to shape the future of digital marketing, providing insights for brands and researchers as they adapt to this dynamic landscape.
Beyond CAPM: The Rise and Relevance of Arbitrage Pricing Theory in Modern Investment Strategies
Authors: Shen Yixin
Published: January 2025

Using the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) has been common for identifying expected returns by analyzing an assets systematic risk in the market.. Nevertheless, to enhance the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM), more sophisticated models are necessary, chiefly because of the model's presumption of a singular risk factor. This study focuses on the Arbitrage Pricing Theory (APT) as an alternative, which incorporates multiple economic factors, offering a nuanced understanding of asset pricing and risk. This paper explores the distinctions between the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) and the Arbitrage Pricing Theory (APT), while also examining the practical applications of APT within the context of real-world business scenarios. Additionally, the study employs a literature review methodology, augmented by a detailed exposition and evaluation of the APT framework for portfolio management and risk assessment, illustrated through selected case studies. Real-life and equity market evidence have been employed to explain the benefits of APT.The relevant analysis shows that the level of flexibility and risk assessment revealed by APT is higher than that in CAPM in the more complicated structure of the market. In this regard, this study provides evidence that APT is a useful model in the decision-making process of investment, especially when related to portfolio diversification and risks.
Research on the Drivers Behind GameStop's Price Surge: Retail or Institutional Investors?
Authors: Zhu Xunuo
Published: January 2025

Traditional thinking holds that institutional investors play a dominant role in driving stock price changes. However, the sharp rise in GameStop's stock price in January 2021 challenged this conventional view, drawing academic attention to the possibility that retail investors can also lead stock price fluctuations under the influence of social media. Using the VAR model, the impact of trading on prices can be divided into information transmitted to the market through trading and non-information factors, such as noise and sentiment. This study aims to examine the influence of institutional and retail investment on stock price returns during this event. The empirical results show that after removing the impact of noise on stock prices, the same transaction volume from retail investors has a far greater permanent impact on prices than institutional investors. Unlike the information trading hypothesis, which suggests that informed trading constitutes a larger proportion of investment volume, the findings support the view that advancements in social platforms and emerging stock trading technologies compensate for retail investors' informational disadvantages, thus demonstrating a more significant influence in this event.
The Impact of International Financial Market Volatility on the Strategic Decisions of Chinese Enterprises: The Case of Huawei Corporation
Authors: Song Yaxuan
Published: January 2025

At present, the global economy is in a slow recovery phase, and there are many unstable factors in the international financial market, such as persistent geopolitical conflicts, volatility in the global stock market, high inflation and foreign exchange market, and the challenge of global debt sustainability, and the market volatility has intensified, which has had many negative impacts on the survival and development of enterprises. This thesis focuses on how the development of international financial markets affects the strategic decisions of Chinese enterprises. This paper employs the case study method. It focuses on the specific case of Huawei, a renowned enterprise. The analysis explores how Huawei has successfully navigated the fluctuations of the international financial market during its development. The aim is to enhance the resilience of Chinas enterprises against the fluctuations of the international financial market. Huawei not only focuses on short-term response measures to cope with challenges but also pays more attention to long-term development planning, continues to increase R&D investment and insists on independent innovation, which is also the key to Huawei's continued growth in the turbulent international financial market.
Exploration of the Management Mode of Star Employees --Take the Case of Oriental Selection "Small Essay" Incident as a Case Study
Authors: Tang Ziqian
Published: January 2025

This paper takes the incident of Oriental Selection "Small Essay" as a typical case, and adopts the single-case exploratory research method to analyze the case in depth, focusing on the scientific and efficient management mode established by the enterprise for the star employees, and exploring how to stimulate the maximum utility of the star employees, so as to lead the sustainable development and progress of the enterprise where they are located and even the related industry fields. The paper scientifically explains the importance of star employees to the company's development and progress. This paper scientifically explains the importance of star employees to the development of enterprises, and combined with specific cases from the perspective of managers, star employees, ordinary employees and the organization itself, respectively, argues and analyzes the reasons why star employees should be subject to scientific management and the specific measures that should be taken by the relevant subjects.
The Transformation of Top Film Companies to Streaming Media: Comparison of Disney and Warner Bros. Discovery
Authors: Zhang Yueran
Published: January 2025

The rise of streaming media is changing people's film consumption and reshaping the entire media industry due to the improvement of digital technology. Since streaming media has become the major way people consume film and entertainment content, traditional film and entertainment companies have suffered from the threat of being supplanted by the prominent trend of streaming media. The top film companies exemplified by Disney and Warner Bros. Discovery, both have undergone a dramatic shift towards the streaming media market, introducing their streaming media platforms Disney+ and Max. The study conducts a comparative analysis to reveal the present situation and success of two streaming media platforms, representing a phenomenon of traditional film models' transformation in the new media era. It examines the similarities and differences in video content, user experience, pricing and geographical coverage. In light of the analysis, it is observed that Disney and Warner Bros. Discovery adopted two different strategies in their successful business development they made good use of their strengths and identities to succeed in the competitive streaming media market.
The Impact of Composite ESG Scoring on Portfolio Optimization: Empirical Evidence from the S&P 500 Index
Authors: Huang Yitong
Published: January 2025

Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) factors have gained significance in investment strategies within modern finance. As a result, integrating ESG compliant portfolio optimization has been increasingly adopted among investors when combining with conventional financial indicators. This research is a step toward meeting this crucial need for portfolio optimization with respect to the conformance of ESG rating, in advancing fairer and more responsible global economy. This study also focuses on developing a Model of portfolio optimization with composite ESG score. By doing this, it embeds the significant ESG data that exists in markets and makes for an enforceable fair pricing model. The efficacy of the proposed model will be tested on different market indices to ascertain its robustness under challenging situations. This work aims to answer the question of how investors can navigate uncertainties in a rapidly-evolving ESG investing market, while ensuring that their portfolios align with both financial and ethical standards.
Analysis of Stock Prediction M+odel Based on LSTM
Authors: Zhou Yuyang
Published: January 2025

As the complexity and volatility of the stock market continue to increase, investors are placing greater emphasis on the need for accurate stock price predictions. Traditional statistical models often face limitations in time series forecasting, particularly when it comes to capturing the intricate and dynamic changes in stock prices. This paper explores the application of the LSTM model for stock price prediction by developing a forecasting model based on LSTM. First, relevant stock data is collected through a web crawler, and then an LSTM model is trained using this data to predict the price of a specific stock. To assess the performance of the model, evaluation metrics such as mean squared error (MSE), mean absolute error (MAE), and the coefficient of determination (R) are employed. The results demonstrate that the LSTM neural network model effectively predicts nonlinear stock trends.
Analysis of Business Management Models and Marketing Strategies of Chinese Coffee Brands --Luckin Coffee as an Example
Authors: Zhang Yiran
Published: January 2025

Since the 20th century, China's national economy has continued to improve, the people's quality of life has taken a leap forward, coffee has become a popular consumption, and the coffee market has shown unprecedented potential. In the face of such a large and dynamic market, many local coffee brands have emerged in an attempt to seize the market share. However, Luckin Coffee, with its unique business management model and innovative marketing strategies, has successfully stood out in the fiercely competitive local coffee market and gradually established its leadership position. This paper adopts a case study approach to analyse in depth the business strategies and marketing strategies of Luckin Coffee in recent years. By comparatively examining the differences between Luckin and other brands, we are able to summarise the key factors of its success. These factors include, but are not limited to: efficient management system, innovative business model, strong marketing promotion, and keen insight into market trends. In addition, this paper discusses the challenges faced by Luckin Coffee, such as how to cope with increasing market competition, how to maintain customer loyalty, and how to adapt to changing consumer demands. In response to these challenges, this paper proposes some specific solutions, aiming to help Luckin Coffee further improve its business strategies and promote its long-term development.
A Case Study of the Consumer Psychology of Hunger Marketing
Authors: Zhang Luwen
Published: January 2025

Hunger marketing is a very unique marketing means, that cleverly uses the consumer's psychology and effectively promotes the sale of goods. This kind of marketing method in the blind box industry has a remarkable effect. In the Go-Stop framework theory, buying decisions are driven by two types of brain signals - the GO signal and the STOP signal. A GO signal is a thought, feeling, or unconscious response that energizes the consumer to approach and buy the product. While the STOP signal will stop customers to buy. The purpose of this study is to analyze the specific impact of POPMART's hunger marketing strategy on consumer psychology, and to provide solutions for the STOP signals generated by consumers in their purchase decisions. By means of a literature review, case analysis and go-stop framework, this paper analyzes the GO and STOP signals of consumers in the process of purchasing POPMART to explore the effectiveness of their marketing strategies. Through the analysis and research, we can find that the hunger marketing implemented by POPMART has both positive and negative effects on consumer decision-making. Hunger marketing strategy uses consumers' "gambling", "comparison", "conformity" and the pursuit of well-known IP psychology to stimulate consumers to buy blind boxes and enhance consumers' GO signal in the purchase process. But hunger marketing strategy is also accompanied by some negative effects, excessive shortage of inventory will lead to customer loss. Competition for similar products, high second-hand prices, and consumer dissatisfaction with hunger marketing will curb consumers' desire to buy. This strengthens their stop signal during the purchase process.
Research on Digital Marketing for NetEase and Tencent Game Companies
Authors: Yan Yuxuan
Published: January 2025

The gaming market has seen substantial growth in recent years, with securing a larger market share emerging as a key priority for many gaming companies. Among the various marketing strategies available, digital marketing has become an essential tool for the gaming industry, playing a central role in driving player engagement and retention. This paper examines the theoretical framework of digital marketing within the gaming sector, focusing on its core componentssocial media marketing, content marketing, influencer marketing, and data-driven advertisingand their influence on player behavior. Through a comparative analysis of the digital marketing strategies employed by Tencent and NetEase, two dominant players in the gaming industry, the study illustrates how these companies utilize digital platforms to enhance player engagement and retention. By synthesizing the best practices from these industry leaders, this paper provides strategic recommendations for gaming companies aiming to optimize their digital marketing efforts and foster long-term player loyalty.
Analysis of Digital Marketing Strategies of Fenty Beauty
Authors: Tang Jiayuan
Published: January 2025

This case study explores the digital marketing approach of Fenty Beauty, a cosmetics brand founded by globally renowned singer and entrepreneur Rihanna in 2017. Through a qualitative methodology, the study delves into Fenty Beautys digital strategy by employing contemporary marketing frameworks and conducting a SWOT analysis. The primary goal of the research is to uncover key insights into Fenty Beautys digital success while offering evidence-based recommendations for future growth in the increasingly competitive beauty industry. The findings reveal that Fenty Beautys strengths are rooted in its distinctive and inclusive brand identity, highly effective social media engagement, and strategic use of influencer partnerships. However, there are opportunities for the brand to enhance its digital presence further by focusing on personalized customer experiences and optimizing search engine visibility, which could drive even greater engagement and sales growth.
Analysis of the Necessity of Paid Maternity, Paternity and Parental Leave Policy
Authors: Bai Mengqian
Published: January 2025

The U.S. faces challenges with a declining birth rate and an aging workforce, which impacts labor supply. A key issue is the lack of federally mandated paid parental leave, leaving many workers, especially women, balancing career and family without adequate support, contributing to workforce participation problems. This paper focuses on the current career dilemmas faced by women in the United States and how paid maternity, paternity, and parental leave policies improve the situation. This paper first provides an overview of paid family leave policies that already exist in some developed countries and focuses on explaining the current paid maternity leave policy in the United States. This paper analyzes the current dilemmas faced by working women in the U.S., such as pregnancy discrimination, differential treatment in job searches, and lower wages, and emphasizes the need for full implementation of paid maternity leave. This paper also summarizes the three major positive impacts of paid family policies on the U.S. economy through an analysis of research results from previous years: increased labor force participation, reduced dependence on social welfare, and increased fertility rate. The paper also suggests how paid maternity leave policies can be improved in the future, which is making paternity leave and maternity leave equal in duration.
Analysis of the Effect of Economic Inequalities on Water Shortages in Jordan
Authors: Wahdan Dina
Published: January 2025

In Jordan, water scarcity stems from economic disparities. Wealthier areas have better and more advanced water infrastructures. Poorer regions often need more reliable access to clean water. Water systems that have been developed are situated in the affluent areas. Previous studies show that those in poor communities have to get water not only because of scarcity but also because of quality issues. This harms development in disadvantaged regions and worsen social inequality. Addressing economic disparities to fix Jordan's water supply will guarantee that all citizens can access clean water. It should reduce the gap between the worlds developed and developing areas and promote fair economic distribution. We do not need a reminder that we must fight inequality and address its main causes. This is important for a fairer and more sustainable system in which everyone has the right to the usage of water. Several approaches need to be undertaken to promote this course of action.
A Perfect Balance: Market-Based Environmental Regulation and Firm Productivity
Authors: Zhu Yunbing
Published: January 2025

Since China's reform and opening up, rapid development has often come at the cost of significant environmental degradation, posing severe ecological and public health challenges. In response, the Chinese government has implemented various policies to address these pressing issues, with the emissions trading mechanism emerging as a particularly noteworthy measure to cube pollution. While much of the existing literature has concentrated on the macroeconomic impacts of this policy, this paper shifts focus to the microeconomic level, examining its effects on enterprise performance. Utilizing the Chinese Industrial Enterprises Database from 1998 to 2007 and employing the sulfur dioxide emissions trading pilot policy as a quasi-natural experiment, this study applies a difference-in-differences approach to assess the impact of environmental regulation on enterprises' total factor productivity (TFP). The findings indicate that the SO2 emissions trading policy significantly enhances the TFP of enterprises, suggesting that well-designed environmental regulations can foster both economic and environmental benefits. These results carry substantial policy implications.
The Dual Impact of Exchange Rate Fluctuations on Trade Balance and Global Value Chains: An Empirical Analysis from Short-Term and Long-Term Perspectives
Authors: Wang Xiaohan
Published: January 2025

This paper studies the role of exchange rate movements in affecting both trade balance and global value chains (GVCs), both in the short term and the long term. By conducting econometric exercises and using a sample of 30 countries (including the United States, Germany, China and India), we explore how exchange rate volatility affects trade flows and the organisation of global production networks. In the short term, a sudden currency event can lead to large trade imbalances, especially in import-intensive industries, and the use of hedging instruments can help to mitigate these assets risks. In the longer term, sustained currency changes impact deeper structural adjustments of GVCs. Firms tend to relocate production or change their sourcing strategy, in order to reduce exposure of GVCs to exchange rate risks. Overall, the results of our study point to the complexity of the relationship between the currency movement and global trade. From a business perspective, both short-term risk management and long-term structural adaptation are important to mitigate the potential exchange rate risk for a firm. From a policymaking perspective, understanding the dynamics of exchange rate and currency movements can help to foster the adjustment of global trade with sustainability. The study is particularly relevant for the industries that are most deeply embedded in GVCs, such as electronics and automotive manufacturing.
Research on the Investment Value of META Based on Financial Analysis, Risk and Return Analysis, Valuation Method
Authors: Wang Shiyi
Published: January 2025

There are arguments about whether Meta is undervalued because of decreasing user engagement on social media platforms like Facebook and huge investment in the metaverse that hasn't produced tangible outcomes. This research uses the relative valuation method to evaluate the stock price of Meta. It employs financial statement analysis, risk and return metrics, and relative valuation techniques. Gross margin, operating margin, and debt-equity ratio are used to evaluate efficiency in operations and financial stability. Additionally, annual return, volatility, Sharpe ratio, and beta value are used to determine risk and return. Those figures provide information about stock performance stability and investor returns. By comparing Metas share price against industry peers, it reflects that Meta is undervalued based on its EV/Sales, EV/EBITDA, and P/E ratios, which suggest that Meta's stock is an attractive investment opportunity, thus provides a perspective for whoever is interested in investing in Metas stock.
Analyzing the Digital Marketing Strategies for Promoting Beijing's Central Axis Culture
Authors: Sun Yichen
Published: January 2025

The promotion of cultural heritage sites, such as Beijing's Central Axis, has evolved significantly with the rise of digital marketing. Traditional methods, like state-sponsored television, have given way to digital platforms, which offer powerful tools to engage modern audiences while preserving historical authenticity. This paper examines key digital marketing strategies used in promoting Beijing's Central Axis, focusing on social media, virtual and augmented reality (VR/AR), and influencer collaborations. These digital tools create opportunities for broader outreach, allowing for interactive and immersive experiences that resonate with younger, tech-savvy audiences. Despite the advantages, challenges persist, such as the risk of brand dilution, the need for continuous technological adaptation, and maintaining cultural integrity. Social media platforms like WeChat, Weibo, and Douyin have been vital in sharing visual content and fostering community engagement through user-generated content. VR and AR technologies offer enhanced accessibility, while influencer marketing increases visibility among modern consumers. The paper concludes by recommending strategies to optimize digital marketing for Beijing's Central Axis, including a focus on authentic storytelling, immersive technologies, and strategic influencer partnerships. These approaches are crucial for ensuring the sites relevance and sustainability in an increasingly digital world.
Chinas New Energy Vehicles in the Context of Artificial Intelligence: Challenges and Development
Authors: Zhang Zihan
Published: January 2025

The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into Chinas New Energy Vehicle (NEV) industry presents both unprecedented opportunities and significant challenges. Through analyzing the present situation of the NEV market in China, this paper identifies key challenges posed by AI, and proposes strategic countermeasures. Even though the NEV industry is growing rapidly, there are still a number of significant obstacles that NEVs must overcome. Technologically, algorithms, computing power and sensor fusion are critical. Regulatory challenges include preventing data leakage and protecting privacy. Economically, the need for substantial investments in infrastructure poses significant hurdles. Socially, changing market operation and reskilling the workforce are essential. The challenges faced by New Energy Vehicles (NEVs) will drive significant technological innovation and cooperation, particularly in algorithm optimization, hardware upgrade and sensor fusion technology. Regulatory influences will push for network security and enhancing safety and compliance. Economic impacts include the need to improve charging network, build an intelligent transport system and improve information and communication infrastructure. Socially, addressing market operation and workforce reskilling will be crucial. Overall, these challenges will shape market dynamics, competitive landscapes, and global supply chains, ultimately driving the NEV sector towards more sustainable and efficient solutions, and by these measures, China can fortify its NEV industry against AI-related challenges and achieve sustainable growth.
Analysis of the Application of Big Data and Machine Learning in Corporate Finance and Governance
Authors: Liu Tianze , Ying Ouyang
Published: January 2025

The integration of big data and machine learning has emerged as a pivotal force in revolutionizing corporate financial management and governance amidst an increasingly competitive global landscape. Traditional financial practices, reliant on human expertise and static data analysis, are becoming insufficient in handling the vast volume, velocity, and variety of data available today. This article examines how big data and machine learning enhance financial forecasting, risk management, governance transparency, and compliance processes. By conducting an industry situation analysis, the article highlights the advantages these technologies present while addressing the technical and ethical challenges enterprises face in their implementation. The findings underscore the transformative potential of leveraging data-driven insights for informed decision-making, fostering transparency, and optimizing governance structures. However, challenges such as data privacy, algorithmic bias, and interpretability remain significant barriers. The study calls for further research into sector-specific applications of these technologies to facilitate tailored strategies that effectively harness their capabilities.
Application of Game Theory in Corporate Takeovers and Mergers
Authors: Qian Linkun
Published: January 2025

Game theory is known to give a framework, though it may not be entirely precise, that can examine behaviors in mergers and acquisitions (M&A). Competing companies, they engage in different bidding battles, negotiations and interact strategically. This paper mainly sees how game theory is applied to M&A. Various models, like Nash equilibrium, subgame perfect equilibrium, signal games, among others, help predict and explain companies' behavior when they take part in mergers or acquisitions. Certain mathematical models are looked into, though not exhaustively, and general examples in reality like the bidding between Disney and Comcast for 21st Century Fox, and another instance of a takeover attempt, where Kraft Heinz tried for Unilever, are shown to show how game theory can matter in corporate strategies.
Analisis Biaya Produksi Pabrik Tahu Pak Gareng di Purwogondo, Kartasura
Authors: Fadhilah Nurjanah  , Novanda Saum Salsabila  , Noor Laila Fitriana
Published: January 2025

Pak Gareng Tofu Factory is one of the small and medium enterprises engaged in tofu production in Purwogondo, Kartasura. The tofu factory established by Mr. Gareng was established in 2019 which is almost five years ago. This study aims to analyze production costs, load costs, work costs and factory overhead costs at Pak Gareng's Tofu Factory. This study uses a descriptive method with a quantitative approach. The results of the research from the total costs incurred during one month amounted to Rp. 90,230,000.00. In Pak Gareng's tofu factory there are 3 employees, of which 2 workers are in charge of making tofu and 1 is in charge of cutting tofu. The process of making tofu in this factory includes, washing soybeans, grinding soybeans, boiling soybeans, filtering soybeans, molding them into tofu, cutting tofu, and finally the tofu is ready to take. The workers at Pak Gareng's tofu factory usually work for 26 days a month.
Pengaruh Disiplin Kerja dan Motivasi Kerja terhadap Kinerja Karyawan
Authors: Abdul Faqih
Published: January 2025

This research examines the impact of work discipline and motivation on employee performance at PT. UPS Cardig International, where performance has declined. Using a quantitative descriptive approach, the study surveyed 96 respondents selected via simple random sampling from a total workforce of 138 across all divisions. Data collection involved an online Google Form survey, with analysis conducted using SmartPLS version 3.2.9. Results indicate that both work discipline and motivation positively and significantly influence employee performance. The findings suggest that implementing effective practices in these areas can improve employee performance at PT. UPS Cardig International. Based on these results, the study recommends that companies enhance employee development programs focusing on discipline and work motivation. However, limitations in variable complexity and data acquisition highlight the need for further research to gain a deeper understanding of factors affecting employee performance. This study contributes to the body of knowledge on employee performance management, offering insights for PT. UPS Cardig International and similar organizations facing performance challenges. By emphasizing the importance of work discipline and motivation, the research provides a foundation for developing targeted strategies to enhance employee productivity and overall organizational effectiveness.
Framing Kata ‘Etika’ pada Pemberitaan Debat Capres 2024 di Metrotvnews.com dan Republika.co.id
Authors: Adevy Vanie  , Zulpikri Rangkuti
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this research is to understand the framing of the word “Ethics” used by Anies Rasyid Baswedan in the coverage of the third and fourth presidential candidate debates in the online media Metrotvnews.com and Republika.co.id in 2024. This research uses a qualitative approach with Murray Edelman's framing analysis method, which is an analysis of categorization, miscategorization, rubrication and ideological categorization. Data collection uses primary data in the form of research and documents and secondary data obtained through selected information as data obtained from books, scientific articles. The results of this study show that the online media Metrotvnews.com accentuates Anies Rasyid Baswedan as a leader who is critical of Prabowo Subianto's ethics so that it can form a positive image in the eyes of the public, while the online media Republika.co.id accentuates criticism of Anies from the chairman of the PAN DPR faction Saleh Partaonan Daulay, framing Anies regarding his inconsistency in talking about ethics. Because according to Saleh, Anies is a person who talks about ethics but does not show ethics in his actions.