bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Domain Knowledge Embedding Regularization Neural Networks for Workload Prediction and Analysis in Cloud Computing
Authors: Li Lei , Feng Min , Jin Lianwen , Chen Shenjin , Ma Lihong , Gao Jiakai
Published: March 2021

Online services are now commonly deployed via cloud computing based on Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) to Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS) and Software-as-a-Service (SaaS). However, workload is not constant over time, so guaranteeing the quality of service (QoS) and resource cost-effectiveness, which is determined by on-demand workload resource requirements, is a challenging issue. In this article, the authors propose a neural network-based-method termed domain knowledge embedding regularization neural networks (DKRNN) for large-scale workload prediction. Based on analyzing the statistical properties of a real large-scale workload, domain knowledge, which provides extended information about workload changes, is embedded into artificial neural networks (ANN) for linear regression to improve prediction accuracy. Furthermore, the regularization with noisy is combined to improve the generalization ability of artificial neural networks. The experiments demonstrate that the model can achieve more accuracy of workload prediction, provide more adaptive resource for higher resource cost effectiveness and have less impact on the QoS.
Analysis and Development of Load Balancing Algorithms in Cloud Computing
Authors: Bura Deepa , Singh Meeta , Nandal Poonam
Published: March 2021

This article describes how cloud computing utilizes the benefits of web engineering and its applications by improving the performance and reducing the load on cloud providers. As the cloud is one of the emerging technology in the field of computing, it is used to provide various services to the user through the internet. One of the major concerns in cloud computing is accessibility of cloud. For estimating the availability of cloud, various load balancing algorithms are deployed in data centers of the cloud environment. Load balancing is a technique that distributes a signal load across various computers for optimizing resource usage, reducing response time, etc. There are different load balancing algorithms, for performing the load distribution across various centers. This article analyses different load balancing algorithms and develop a new algorithm for efficient load balancing. The proposed load balancing algorithm utilizes the concepts of web engineering to prioritize the request of end user using parsing technique, which will assign the resources to the end users based on the priority set by the data centers.
Cloud-Based Predictive Intelligence and Its Security Model
Authors: Singh Mayank , Kant Umang , Gupta P. K. , Srivastava Viranjay M.
Published: March 2021

Predictive computing is a relatively new area of research. Predictive computing helps people to predict the future or unknown events. It combines various statistical approaches like predictive analytics, predictive modeling, data mining, big data, and machine learning. Predictive computing uses current and historical facts to predict future events. It looks for relationships and patterns between data variables. The outcomes of data variables can be predicted if we know the values of explanatory variables. Cloud computing is another new technology that provides everything-as-a-service (XaaS) and is used widely in various businesses. All storage and computing devices use cloud platform due to its elasticity, scalability, and dynamicity. Cloud-based predictive computing is a technology that uses data available on the cloud. Presently, the data from the social sites (e.g., Facebook, Gmail, LinkedIn, election data, etc.) are stored on cloud, and the volume of this data is enormous which needs innovative predictive computing design and architecture. This chapter represents the cloud-based predictive intelligence and its security model. Architecture for predictive intelligence is proposed and compared with the existing models. An attack prediction algorithm is also proposed and compared for the accuracy in the predictive intelligence.
A Novel Task Scheduling Algorithm in Heterogeneous Cloud Environment Using Equi-Depth Binning Method
Authors: Pradhan Roshni , Dash Amiya Kumar
Published: March 2021

Cloud computing is modern tool for large-scale distributed computing and parallel processing. It has become a growing technology to deliver highly scalable service to the user. Task scheduling is one of the essential strategies to expeditiously utilize the potential of heterogeneous computing systems. In heterogeneous framework mapping, a task to a machine is a NP complete problem. This issue can be comprehended just utilizing heuristic approach. There are various heuristic approaches that were proposed to deal with scheduling of independent tasks. Different scheduling measures can be utilized for measuring the potency of scheduling algorithms. The most essential of them are makespan, flow-time, and overall resource utilization. Cloud generally is a single machine or combination of machines. Applications in the form of set of tasks are processed by the cloud.
Failure Detectors of Strong S and Perfect P Classes for Time Synchronous Hierarchical Distributed Systems
Authors: Verma Anshul , Singh Mahatim , Pattanaik Kiran Kumar
Published: March 2021

Present failure detection algorithms for distributed systems are designed to work in asynchronous or partially synchronous environments on mesh (all-to-all) connected systems and maintain status of every other process. Several real-time systems are hierarchically connected and require working in strict synchronous environments. Use of existing failure detectors for such systems would generate excess computation and communication overhead. The chapter describes two suspicion-based failure detectors of Strong S and Perfect P classes for hierarchical distributed systems working in time synchronous environments. The algorithm of Strong S class is capable of detecting permanent crash failures, omission failures, link failures, and timing failures. Strong completeness and weak accuracy properties of the algorithm are evaluated. The failure detector of Perfect P class is capable of detecting crash failures, crash-recovery failures, omission failures, link failures, and timing failures. Strong completeness and strong accuracy properties of the failure detector are evaluated.
Privacy Preservation Based on Separation Sensitive Attributes for Cloud Computing
Authors: Xu Feng , Su Mingming , Hou Yating
Published: March 2021

The Cloud computing paradigm can improve the efficiency of distributed computing by sharing resources and data over the Internet. However, the security levels of nodes (or severs) are not the same, thus, sensitive tasks and personal data may be scheduled (or shared) to some unsafe nodes, which can lead to privacy leakage. Traditional privacy preservation technologies focus on the protection of data release and process of communication, but lack protection against disposing sensitive tasks to untrusted computing nodes. Therefore, this article put forwards a protocol based on task-transformation, by which tasks will be transformed into another form in the task manager before they can be scheduled to other nodes. The article describes a privacy preservation algorithm based on separation sensitive attributes from values (SSAV) to realize the task-transformation function. This algorithm separates sensitive attributes in the tasks from their values, which make the malicious nodes cannot comprehend the real meaning of the values even they get the transformed tasks. Analysis and simulation results show that the authors' algorithm is more effective.
Strategic Values of Cloud Computing Transformation
Authors: Makhlouf Mohamed , Allal-Chérif Oihab
Published: March 2021

This article aims to study the strategic transformative value dimensions of cloud computing. Organizational requirements, managerial strategic objectives, and their attendant challenges are very specific indicators that enable characterization of these dimensions. An exploratory study of 173 cases of companies, covering 17 distinct economic activity sectors, spread over all continents, was conducted, taking into account contingency factors such as culture, size, and structure. The elements of industry, strategy, and technology were also considered, as well as managerial cognition. The analyses of needs, objectives, challenges, implemented solutions, and results of the transformation to cloud computing, enabled us to identify these dimensions. Strategies to maximize the transformative value of cloud computing are then presented. The results of this study can be used by managers to facilitate and optimize this cloud computing transformation.
Resource Provisioning and Scheduling of Big Data Processing Jobs
Authors: Aron Rajni , Aggarwal Deepak Kumar
Published: March 2021

Cloud Computing has become a buzzword in the IT industry. Cloud Computing which provides inexpensive computing resources on the pay-as-you-go basis is promptly gaining momentum as a substitute for traditional Information Technology (IT) based organizations. Therefore, the increased utilization of Clouds makes an execution of Big Data processing jobs a vital research area. As more and more users have started to store/process their real-time data in Cloud environments, Resource Provisioning and Scheduling of Big Data processing jobs becomes a key element of consideration for efficient execution of Big Data applications. This chapter discusses the fundamental concepts supporting Cloud Computing & Big Data terms and the relationship between them. This chapter will help researchers find the important characteristics of Cloud Resource Management Systems to handle Big Data processing jobs and will also help to select the most suitable technique for processing Big Data jobs in Cloud Computing environment.
Emerging Technologies Serving Cytopathology
Authors: Pouliakis Abraham , Margari Niki , Karakitsou Effrosyni , Archondakis Stavros , Karakitsos Petros
Published: March 2021

Cytopathology became a popular since George Papanicolaou proposed the famous test Pap 60 years ago. Today cytopathology laboratories use the microscope as primary diagnostic device; however modern laboratories host numerous modalities for molecular tests and exchange data via networks; additionally, there are imaging systems producing pictures and virtual slides at enormous sizes and volume. The latest technological developments for cloud computing, big data and mobile devices has changed the way enterprises, institutions and people use computerized systems. In this chapter are explored potential applications of these technologies in the cytopathology laboratory including: data storage, laboratory information systems, population screening programs, quality control and assurance, education and proficiency testing, e-learning, tele-consultation, primary diagnosis and research. The impact of their adoption on the daily workflow is highlighted, possible shortcomings especially for security and privacy issues are identified and future research directions are presented.
Big Data and Healthcare Data
Authors: Sarkar Bikash Kanti
Published: March 2021

Big data and its analytics yield a lot of opportunities to make great progresses in many fields, ranging from economic and business activities to public administration, from national security to scientific researches and so on. However, the most noticeable point is that healthcare data has been recently identified as a prime example of big data. Undoubtedly, efficient use of healthcare resources has become a key factor in improving overall healthcare system. But for managing healthcare data and obtaining potential results, we need integration and sharing of data that ultimately demand the concept of distributed system. The paper in its first phase gives an overview on big data and healthcare data from different aspects. A review on the state-of-the-art distributed file system (Hadoop) is conducted in this stage too. The primary aim of this phase is to provide an overall picture on big data as well as healthcare data for non-expert readers. In the next phase, a cloud-based e-health system is proposed for the expert audiences. The expected promising characteristics as well as the managerial implications of the model are highlighted in the analysis section.
Optimized Path Planning for Electric Vehicle Routing and Charging Station Navigation Systems
Authors: Elgarej Mouhcine , Khalifa Mansouri , Youssfi Mohamed
Published: March 2021

With the increase in the number of electric vehicles (EV) on the street in the last years, the drivers of EVs are suffering from the problem of guiding themselves toward the nearest charging stations for recharging their batteries or finding the shortest routes toward their destinations. Although, the electric vehicle planning problem (EPP) is designed to achieve several transactions such as battery energy restrictions and the challenge of finding the nearest charging stations to the position of the electric vehicle. In this work, a new distributed system for electric vehicle routing is based on a novel driving strategy using a distributed Ant system algorithm (AS). The distributed architecture minimizes the total travelling path for the EV to attain the destination by proposing a set of the nearest charging stations that can be visited for recharging during his travels. Simulation result proved that our prototype is able to prepare optimal solutions within a reasonable time and forwarding EVs toward the nearest charging stations during their trips.
Cloud Computing, Green Computing, and Green ICT
Authors: Kasemsap Kijpokin
Published: March 2021

This chapter reveals the overview of cloud computing; cloud computing, green computing, green ICT, and data center utilization; the importance of cloud computing in the digital age; the advanced issues of green computing; and the important perspectives on green ICT. Cloud computing is computing based on the Internet. Green computing and green ICT are the sustainable business practices of reducing the environmental footprints of technology by efficiently using several resources. Green computing and green ICT are the important perspectives for the businesses to improve their corporate image by meeting regulatory requirements and sustainability demands of both customers and employees. The chapter argues that cloud computing, green computing, and green ICT are the advanced technologies toward improving sustainability and sustainable development in the green economy.
Benefits and Challenges of Cloud Computing Adoption and Usage in Higher Education
Authors: Ali Mohammed Banu , Wood-Harper Trevor , Mohamad Mostafa
Published: March 2021

The aim of this article was to provide evidence pertaining to cloud computing (CC) adoption in education, namely higher education institutions (HEIs) or Universities. A systematic literature review (SLR) of empirical studies exploring the current CC adoption levels in HEIs and the benefits and challenges for using CC in HEIs was performed. A total of 20 papers were included in the SLR. It was discovered that a number of universities have a keen interest in using CC in their institution, and the evidence indicates a high level of successful CC adoption in the HEIs reviewed in the SLR. In conclusion, the SLR identified a clear literature gap in this research area: there exists limited empirical studies focusing on CC utilisation in HEIs.
A Novel Trust Model for Secure Group Communication in Distributed Computing
Authors: Ramu Naresh , Pandi Vijayakumar , Lazarus Jegatha Deborah , Radhakrishnan Sivakumar
Published: March 2021

Distributed networks are networks in which each node can act as a server or client and hence any node can provide service to any other node. In such a scenario, establishing a trust model between the service providing user and the service utilizing user is a challenging task. At present, only a few approaches are available in the past literature to provide this facility. Moreover, the existing approaches do not provide high trust accuracy. Therefore,a novel efficient trust model has been proposed in this article to support the secure dynamic group communication in distributed networks. The main advantage of the proposed work is that it provides higher trust accuracy. Moreover, the proposed work takes less memory for maintaining the trust values and increases the packet delivery ratio in comparison with other existing works which are in the literature.
Understanding Intentions to Switch Toward Cloud Computing at Firms' Level
Authors: Hachicha Zouhour Smaoui , Mezghani Karim
Published: March 2021

This research aims to study intentions to switch toward cloud computing at firms' level. As a new way to deploy information technologies (IT) within firms, switching toward cloud computing remains a hard decision that depends on several contextual factors. While several studies have focused mainly on technological aspects, this research adopts a multidimensional perspective by combining the Technology-Organization-Environment (TOE) framework with a two-factor theory perspective. Doing so, the authors attempt to propose a research model that can be useful to deeply understand how firms perform when thinking about switching toward cloud-based solutions. A multiple-case study within five Tunisian firms has been conducted to contextualize the research model and give it more explanation power. The Tunisian context should be interesting, as cloud computing adoption is a new topic that is not sufficiently studied in developing countries, particularly in those characterized by an economy in transition. Data have been collected by semi-structured interviews and coded using the Nvivo software. The analysis of interviews content shows that the expected switching benefits and risks play a mediating role between TOE factors and intentions to switch toward cloud computing. Indeed, the authors found some different results within cases revealing the dual effects of technology, organization, and environment factors on intentions by generating different expected switching benefits and risks. In light of these results, some recommendations are proposed to decision makers in this area.
Novel Taxonomy to Select Fog Products and Challenges Faced in Fog Environments
Authors: Bhardwaj Akashdeep
Published: March 2021

This article describes how the rise of fog computing to improve cloud computing performance and the acceptance of smart devices is slowly but surely changing our future and shaping the computing environment around us. IoT integrated with advances in low cost computing, storage and power, along with high speed networks and big data, supports distributed computing. However, much like cloud computing, which are under constant security attacks and issues, distributed computing also faces similar challenges and security threats. This can be mitigated to a great extent using fog computing, which extends the limits of Cloud services to the last mile edge near to the nodes and networks, thereby increasing the performance and security levels. Fog computing also helps increase the reach and comes across as a viable solution for distributed computing. This article presents a review of the academic literature research work on the Fog Computing. The authors discuss the challenges in Fog environment and propose a new taxonomy.
Development of nanostructured bioplastic material for wound healing
Authors: Gilmutdinova Ilmira R. , Kostromina Elena , Yakupova Regina D. , Eremin Petr S.
Published: March 2021

The development of new biomaterials whose characteristics are as close as possible to the properties of living human tissues is one of the most promising areas of regenerative medicine. This work aimed at creating a bioplastic material based on collagen, elastin and hyaluronic acid and studying its structure and properties to assess the prospects for further use in clinical practice. Bioplastic material was obtained by mixing collagen, hyaluronic acid and elastin in predetermined proportions with distilled water. We treated the material with photochemical crosslinking to stabilize biofilm in a liquid medium and form a nanostructured scaffold. A commercial human skin fibroblast cell culture was used to assess the biomaterial cytotoxicity and biocompatibility. The visualization and studies of the biomaterial structure were performed using light and scanning electron microscopy. It has been shown that the obtained biomaterial is characterized by high resilience; it has also a high porosity. The co-culturing of the bioplastic material and human fibroblasts did not reveal any of its cytotoxic effects on cells in culture. It was shown that the biomaterial samples could maintain physical properties in the culture medium for more than 10 days, while the destruction of the matrix was observed 3–4 weeks after the beginning of incubation. Thus, the created biomaterial can be used on damaged skin areas due to its physical properties and structure. The use of the developed biomaterial provides effective conditions for good cell proliferation, which allows us to consider it as a promising wound cover for use in clinical practice.
The significance of Gerta Vrbová's low-frequency stimulation experiment
Authors: Pette Dirk
Published: March 2021

An inspiring scientific cooperation has come to an end, when Gerta Vrbová, an internationally renowned researcher in the field of neuromuscular interactions, passed away on October 2, 2020. Comparative EMG studies had led Gerta to suggest that different contractile properties of fast- and slow-twitch muscle fibers relate to specific firing patterns of their motoneurones. In support of her hypothesis, long term stimulation of fast-twitch muscles with a stimulus pattern resembling that of slow motoneurones, were shown to induce a pronounced fast-to-slow shift in contractile properties. In our cooperation which started in 1970, and also in cooperation with others, Gerta's experiment proved to be an ideal model for the study of neurally controlled changes in phenotype characteristics at various levels of molecular and cellular organization, their time courses and ranges. It has become most important in basic research on the adaptive potential or plasticity of muscle.
Impact of exercise training on the sarcopenia criteria in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Gonzalez Andrea , Valero-Breton Mayalen , Huerta-Salgado Camila , Achiardi Oscar , Simon Felipe , Cabello-Verrugio Claudio
Published: March 2021

Sarcopenia is a highly prevalent complication of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analyses to elucidate the exercise training (ET)'s efficacy on NAFLD adult patients' sarcopenia criteria. We identified relevant randomized controlled trials (RCT) in electronic databases PubMed, CINAHL, and Scopus. We selected seven RCT from 66 screened studies. The ET programs included endurance or combined (endurance and resistance) training. No study performed resistance training alone. The physical function improved with endurance or combined training (mean differences [MD] 8.26 mL/Kg*min [95% CI 5.27 to 11.24 mL/Kg*min], p < 0.0001); Muscle mass showed no evidence of the beneficial effects of endurance or combined training (MD 1.01 Kg [95% CI -1.78 to 3.80 Kg], p = 0.48). None of the selected studies evaluated muscle strength. Endurance and combined training increase physical function criteria but do not improve muscle mass criteria on sarcopenia in NAFLD patients. These results must be interpreted with caution for the small number of patients included in the RCTs analyzed, the different characteristics of the ET carried out, the non-use of resistance training, which prevents assess its effect on sarcopenia despite the evidence that recommends it and does not assessment muscle strength criteria in RCT include. Future research should include muscle strength assessments and resistance training to evaluate the effects in this condition. Exercise training is beneficial for sarcopenia in NAFLD but is necessary more experimental evidence to define the best type of training that positively affects the three criteria of sarcopenia. PROSPERO reference number CRD42020191471.
A pilot study on non-invasive treatment of migraine: The self-myofascial release
Authors: Amato Alessandra , Messina Giuseppe , Giustino Valerio , Brusa Jessica , Brighina Filippo , Proia Patrizia
Published: March 2021

The aims of this paper was to determine the effect of self-myofascial release (SMFR) on postural stability and to analyze if it can influence migraine condition. Twenty-five subjects (age 49.7± 12.5) affected by migraine were enrolled. Assessments included a stabilometric analysis in order to evaluate balance and plantar support, with eyes open (OE) and closed (CE); cervical ROM measurement; evaluation of upper limb strength through handgrip. All the analysis were carried out before and after the administration of a single SMFR protocol, using medium density small balls laid in the three most painful trigger points in migraine patients: trapezius, sternocleidomastoids and suboccipital muscles. Performing a T test for paired samples, there was a significant increase in two ranges of the stabilometric analysis: ellipse surface, both with open and closed eyes (p value EO = 0.05; p value EC = 0.04) and length of the sway path, but just with closed eyes (p value = 0.05). SMFR might have a positive impact on postural stability in subjects with migraine. Further investigation should be conducted to confirm the hypothesis.
Increased risk of alopecia areata among patients with endometriosis
Authors: Dai Ying-Xiu , Tai Ying-Hsuan , Chang Yun-Ting , Chen Tzeng-Ji , Chen Mu-Hong
Published: March 2021

Endometriosis has been associated with the risk of several autoimmune diseases; however, its relationship with alopecia areata (AA) remains unknown. This study aimed to investigate the risk of AA in patients with endometriosis. Participants were recruited from the National Health Insurance Research Database in Taiwan. We identified female patients with endometriosis between January 1, 1998 and December 31, 2011. For each patient with endometriosis, four control subjects were included in the control group matched for age, sex, monthly premium, and residence. Patients and control subjects were followed up until AA diagnosis, death, or December 31, 2013, whichever occurred first. The Cox regression model was used for the analyses. Overall, we included 35,123 patients with endometriosis and 140,492 control subjects. Compared with control subjects, patients with endometriosis had an adjusted hazard ratio of 5.60 (95% confidence interval 4.03–7.79) for AA after controlling for age, socioeconomic status, and comorbidities. In conclusion, patients with endometriosis had a significantly increased risk of AA. Further studies are necessary to investigate the pathophysiology underlying the relationship between endometriosis and AA.
Apexification or regeneration? A case report of a short mineral trioxide aggregate apical plug
Authors: Özdemir Olcay , Demiriz Levent
Published: March 2021

The management of an immature permanent tooth protocol aims to eliminate pulpal pathology, disinfection, and if possible, redevelopment of the root. The paper aimed to present a case report that a successful survival history of a seemingly inadequate mineral trioxide aggregate plug and its 8-year follow-up. In the presented case, all treatment goals such as the elimination of clinical symptoms/signs of infection, apical periodontitis healing, healthy lamina dura, and further root maturation were achieved; however, a formation was observed in an 8-year recall similar to regeneration-associated intracanal calcification. There was no way to clinically understand how the healing process occurred in the area histologically, but the follow-up showed that the relevant tooth met the healing criteria.
National guidelines for gene therapy product (2019)
Authors: Sivagourounadin Kiruthika , Ravichandran Mirunalini , Rajendran Priyadharsini
Published: March 2021

The “National Guidelines for Gene Therapy Product (GTP) Development and Clinical Trials” prepared by the Indian Council of Medical Research and Department of Biotechnology in 2019 came as a welcome step in the process of regulation of gene therapy research, as there was a lack of Indian guidelines earlier specific to gene therapy. Indian researchers have taken their step in setting the path of gene therapy research, and this guideline serves to provide the standards starting from its development up to translation to new drug including the ethical, scientific, and regulatory requirements to be followed during the conduct of trial. The Indian guidelines were framed with reference to United States-Food and Drug Administration and European Union guidelines on gene therapy. It is the responsibility of all the stakeholders involved in the development of GTP to adhere to the national guidelines. This review provides an outline of the Indian regulatory guidelines on GTP.
A cross-sectional study on current prescription trends and errors in outpatient department of a Bangladeshi secondary care district hospital
Authors: Rahman Md. Mizanur , Munia Ashfia Tasnim , Sikdar K. M. Yasif Kayes , Sarkar Md Raihan
Published: March 2021

Context:

The rational prescription leads to a healthy and good-quality life of a patient. Irrational, inappropriate, and unnecessary prescriptions are major therapeutic issues in Bangladesh, which can cause severe consequences.

Aim:

This cross-sectional study was conducted to evaluate the prescription patterns and errors as well as to review the most frequently prescribed drug classes among outpatients at a secondary hospital in Pabna, a district of Bangladesh.

Methods:

A total of 400 prescriptions were reviewed from March 2019 to May 2019. In this study, statistical data analysis was implemented by IBM SPSS Statistics V22 and data revealed in frequencies, mean, and percentage. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient was calculated to show the correlation between bivariate coded variables.

Results:

The results revealed that majority of the prescription were prescribed for females (73.5%) where proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs), analgesics, vitamins, and single antibiotics were most frequently prescribed medicine for the female patients compared to male patients. Almost half of the collected prescription contained four medicines (47%). Maximum number of prescriptions contained two (30.5%) essential drugs and among 1402 medicines of 400 prescriptions, antiulcerants were most frequently prescribed medicine (23.32%) where esomeprazole was highly prescribed generic drug (44.75%). Moreover, Spearman's rank correlation coefficient suggested that PPIs and analgesics were frequently prescribed medicines at a time for the patients (0.182). According to the age group, the study also got some significant variations in prescribing pattern. However, most common prescription errors were prescriber's name not mentioned (100%), diagnosis not mentioned (96.75%), dose not indicated (15.41%), and wrong drug name (0.36%).

Conclusion:

Findings of the current study represent the existing prescribing trends of different therapeutic classes of drugs and common prescription errors in a secondary health facility of Bangladesh. From this study, it is observed that physicians prescribed rationally in some cases but need to ensure rationality in all prescriptions. Continuous monitoring of drug use, development of prescribing guidelines, and training are recommended to ensure and implement good-quality prescribing practices for promoting the rational and cost-effective use of drugs.
Neuroprotective Effects of San-Jia-Fu-Mai Decoction
Authors: Qu Chang , Liu Ling , Xu Qing-Qing , Xian Yan-Fang , Lin Zhi-Xiu
Published: March 2021

Objective:

The objective of this study was to investigate whether 70% aqueous ethanol extract of San-Jia-Fu-Mai decoction extract (SJFMDE) could protect against 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+)-induced oxidative stress in PC12 cells and 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced motor function deficits in mice.

Materials and Methods:

The cell viability, the levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), and glutathione (GSH) in the MPP+-treated PC12 cells were measured. Motor function deficits and dopamine (DA) level in the brain striatum and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-positive cells in substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) of the MPTP-treated mice were determined.

Results:

The results showed that SJFMDE could reduce cell death and the levels of ROS and MDA while increase the level of GSH in the MPP+-treated PC12 cells. In addition, in vivo studies showed that oral administration of SJFMDE (3, 6, and 12 g/kg) significantly improved the motor function deficits induced by MPTP and enhanced the DA level in the striatum and TH-positive neuronal cells in SNc of the MPTP-treated mice.

Conclusions:

Our results revealed that SJFMDE possessed neuroprotective effects against neurotoxicity induced by MPP + and motor function deficits induced by MPTP via suppressing oxidative stress and increasing the levels of DA and TH, indicating that SJFMDE might be a promising Chinese medicine formula for the treatment of Parkinson's disease.
Об одном классе диффеоморфизмов Аносова на бесконечномерном торе
Authors: Glyzin Sergey Dmitrievich , Kolesov Andrei Yurevich , Rozov Nikolai Khristovich
Published: March 2021

Рассматривается некоторый вполне естественный класс диффеоморфизмов $G$, действующих из $\mathbb{T}^{\infty}$ в $\mathbb{T}^{\infty}$, где $\mathbb{T}^{\infty}$ - бесконечномерный тор (прямое произведение счетного числа окружностей с топологией равномерной покоординатной сходимости). Интересующие нас диффеоморфизмы допускают представление в виде суммы линейного гиперболического отображения и периодической добавки. Предлагается набор конструктивных достаточных условий, при которых любое отображение $G$ из нашего класса является гиперболическим, т. е. диффеоморфизмом Аносова на торе $\mathbb{T}^{\infty}$. Кроме этого, при выполнении упомянутых условий устанавливаются следующие стандартные факты из гиперболической теории: наличие устойчивого и неустойчивого инвариантных слоений, топологическая сопряженность с линейным гиперболическим автоморфизмом тора, структурная устойчивость $G$.
Библиография: 21 наименование.
Spatial and Temporal Patterns of Plasmodium knowlesi Malaria in Sarawak from 2008 to 2017
Authors: Ooi Choo Huck , Phang Wei Kit , Kent Liew Jonathan Wee , Lau Yee Ling
Published: March 2021

Zoonotic knowlesi malaria has replaced human malaria as the most prevalent malaria disease in Malaysia. The persistence of knowlesi malaria in high-risk transmission areas or hotspots can be discouraging to existing malaria elimination efforts. In this study, retrospective data of laboratory-confirmed knowlesi malaria cases were obtained from the Sarawak Health Department to investigate the spatiotemporal patterns and clustering of knowlesi malaria in the state of Sarawak from 2008 to 2017. Purely spatial, purely temporal, and spatiotemporal analyses were performed using SaTScan software to define clustering of knowlesi malaria incidence. Purely spatial and spatiotemporal analyses indicated most likely clusters of knowlesi malaria in the northern region of Sarawak, along the Sarawak–Kalimantan border, and the inner central region of Sarawak between 2008 and 2017. Temporal cluster was detected between September 2016 and December 2017. This study provides evidence of the existence of statistically significant Plasmodium knowlesi malaria clusters in Sarawak, Malaysia. The analysis approach applied in this study showed potential in establishing surveillance and risk management system for knowlesi malaria control as Malaysia approaches human malaria elimination.
Case Report: Typhoid Fever Complicated by Ileal Perforation in an Urban Slum of Dhaka, Bangladesh
Authors: Khanam Farhana , Darton Thomas C. , Ross Allen G. P. , Zaman K. , Pollard Andrew J. , Clemens John D. , Qadri Firdausi
Published: March 2021

Intestinal perforation is one of the most dangerous complications of typhoid fever and demands urgent hospitalization, diagnosis, and surgical management to reduce morbidity and prevent mortality. Here, we report a case of typhoidal intestinal perforation in a 19 year-old young man detected by passive surveillance during a cluster-randomized trial with Vi-tetanus toxoid conjugate vaccine (Typhoid Vaccine Acceleration Consortium: TyVAC) in an urban slum area in Mirpur, Dhaka, Bangladesh. The patient presented with a high-grade fever, lower abdominal pain, and vomiting and was admitted to a healthcare facility. Physical examination and preoperative investigations of the patient suggested a presumptive diagnosis of intestinal perforation, and the patient was transferred to a tertiary-level hospital for surgical management. A positive blood culture, intraoperative findings, and histopathology of an intestinal biopsy confirmed ileal perforation due to typhoid fever. This case report highlights the need for prompt diagnosis and appropriate pre- and postoperative management of patients who appear with the symptoms of typhoidal intestinal perforation. This report further demonstrates the importance of systematic surveillance and proper evaluation to determine the true incidence rate of typhoid fever and intestinal perforation in Bangladesh.
Hydroinformatic Tools for Flood Risk Map Achievement
Authors: Beilicci Erika , Beilicci Robert , David Ioan
Published: March 2021

Water Framework Directive and Flood Directive of European Commission establishes the need for preparation of flood risk maps for each member country on each important hydrographic basins. Based on these established the flood risk management plan (must be finalized by end of 2015), which is a communicator and disseminator tool of the knowledge gained during two previous stages across the horizontal structures of governmental and non-governmental bodies dealing with flood protection, flood mitigation and flood struggle in general. Flood risk management plans, considered as a communicator and disseminator tool across the horizontal structures of governmental and non-governmental bodies dealing with flood protection, flood mitigation and flood struggle in general. They mainly include proposals on how to reduce the losses of lives, property and environmental through flood prevention, protection of vulnerable areas and increased flood preparedness in each river basin. The way of processing of this flood risk management plans on IT platforms changes the information stream flow. Future development plans of regions and cities will get a proper guidance and platforms for future feasibility studies. In Romania, each state institution wants to improve the skills of their employees. There is a lack of specialists who has enough knowledge about the hydroinformatics, thus in everyday work there is a very limited use of such tool, meanwhile the work with complex problems has generated recently a need to use valuable tool.
Evolution of Smart Buildings
Authors: Fântână Gabriel Iulian , Oae Stefan Adrian
Published: March 2021

Today, in times of economic crisis, the need for optimization is more present than ever. Since buildings are responsible for almost 50% from total environment pollution, which means a significant resource spending, changes for improvement must be done.
Environmental/Economic Power Dispatch Problem /Renewable Energy Using Firefly Algorithm
Authors: Younes Mimoun , Kherfene Riad Lakhdar , Khodja Fouad
Published: March 2021

Exploitation and development of renewable energy such as solar and wind energy is a very important alternative to reduce gas emissions, reduce the bill for power generation. This paper examines the implications of renewable energy deployment in power generation with the classical energy system, managed by an intelligent method, to minimize the cost of production of electric energy and also reduce the emission of gases. Simulation results on the 10 units power system prove the efficiency of this method thus confirming its capacity to solve the environmental/economic power dispatch problem with the renewable energy.
Educação em Direitos Humanos: inclusões e direito à igualdade
Authors: Toledo Marcos , França Mateus
Published: March 2021

O presente trabalho tem por objetivo primordial o enaltecimento do direto humano que todos os serem possuem de ter acesso à educação, principalmente diante da inclusão ao se tratar de diversas que, infelizmente, causam distinção nos dias atuais como classes sociais, gênero, deficiências e outras questões equivalentes. Tendo início com explanações que fundamentam a educação como direito humano e fundamental, segue com abordagem sobre a educação e a inclusão para então expressar as ideias centrais do direito à inclusão.
AN INSIGHT INTO AYURVEDIC VIEW OF SARS -COVID – 19
Authors: S Sreelakshmi , Jibi Varghese , Mathew Manna , Yadav Priyanka
Published: March 2021

The Covid - 19 pandemic is defining the global health crisis of our time and occurs to be the greatest chal-lenge. The number of people getting affected and deaths are raising daily throughout the world. COVID-19 is the infectious disease caused by the most recently discovered Corona virus. The situation is much more than a health crisis with a potential to create devastating situations at social, economic, and political levels. Till date, no effective management to address this infection has been identified and attempts are being made to integrate a few traditional interventions along with standard treatment protocols of COVID-19. Ayurveda’s extensive knowledge is based on preventive care, health measures and boosting immunity. Contribution of Ayurveda in the management of various communicable and non-communicable diseases cannot be undermined. Through its wider concepts and treatment modalities, it has greater potential to ad-dress such situations. Awareness about the mode of spread of this disease is recommended highly to pre-vent oneself from falling prey to the disease. The large resource of time-tested traditional knowledge has to be used for the benefit of mankind. In addition to the personal hygiene and social distancing measures, it is of immense importance to improve individual’s natural defence system (immunity). Ayurveda can play a major role in mitigating the spread of COVID -19 by implementing some lifestyle changes along with sim-ple herbal medications and procedures by properly classifying and distinguishing the stage of the disease.
ROLE OF BILWADI AGADA IN PREVENTION OF COVID - 19
Authors: Rajpuria Varun , James Anitta
Published: March 2021

Agada Tantra is a specialized branch of Ayurveda which mainly deals with Visha (Poison) and its management mainly through special formulations called Agada Yogas which counteract the deleterious actions of poison over the body. There are numerous such formulations which are unique because of their potent ingredients and fast action. Bilwadi Agada is one among such Yogas. In December 2019, a series of acute atypical respiratory disease occurred in Wuhan and then rapidly spread to other areas. It was soon discovered that a novel Corona Virus was responsible, and this was named as the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus-2 (2019) due to its high homology to SARS-CoV-2 which caused Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome and high mortality during 2002–2003 in China. According to Ayurveda, this novel Corona is a Jangama Visha as it is of zoonotic origin. It affects the upper respiratory tract so is the movement of Jangama Visha which moves upward and affects those areas. It is also mentioned in Ayurvedic treatise that the Jangaman Visha should be treated with Sthavara dravyas. Bilwadi gutika is an Ayurvedic medicine prepared from thirteen medicinal plants triturated in goat’s urine. When we compare the primary symptoms of COVID-19 and the indications of Bilwadi gutika, we can see so many similarities. The main objective of this article is to discuss the therapeutic and pharmacological properties of Bilwadi Agada and thereby understanding its role in prevention and control of COVID-19 pandemic.
POTENTIAL OF AYURVEDIC TREATMENT MODALITIES IN RADIATION
INDUCED DERMATITIS
Authors: Vrushali Sonawane , Sagar Narode
Published: March 2021

Cancer has become one of the leading cause of deaths. The conventional treatment modalities in treat-ing cancer includes Surgery, Chemotherapy, Radiation and Immuno therapy. Amongst this, radiation therapy is one of the frequently used treatment modality. 95 % of cancer patients receiving radiation therapy will develop some form of radiodermatitis, including erythema, dry& moist desquamation, ul-cerations, necrosis etc. This kind of reactions may lead to delay in the treatment, affects the quality of life, diminishes the cosmesis and causes functional deficits. Despite the prevalence of radiation derma-titis, there is no gold standard in the prevention and management of this condition. Ayurvedic treatment modalities has the potential in reducing the dermatological effects. Local treatment modalities like Lepa, Pichu, Parishek, Rasayanas, lifestyle management may help in ameliorating the dermatological effects. This article includes radiation induced dermatitis its stages its clinical manifestation and role of Ayurve-da in managing it.
PUNARJANMA – A CONCEPTUAL STUDY
Authors: H Manjula
Published: March 2021

Punarjanma (reincarnation) means taking birth again without getting the Moksha. In Bhagvadgita the concept of Punarjanma is said as “Atma (SOUL)discards the worn-out body and enters into the new body, as like the person discards or removes the old/bad conditioned cloth and wears new cloth”1. Punarjanma is a burning topic, now a days which creates the interest, endeavor, curiosity among the researchers and even among the common people to know the reality behind it whether the Punarjanma exists or not. The Karya Karana Siddhanta (cause and theory) has also limitations where all the Karana for the manifestation of the many Vyadhis is not seen. In Charaka Samhita Sutra Sthana the Punarjanma is dealt by the four Pramanas and in Sharira Sthana of Charaka Samhita some of the Vyadhis or some of the topics are seen as applied aspect of Punarjanma.So keeping this in mind the effort has been made to elaborate the concept of Punarjanma.
REVIEW ARTICLE ON JALAUKA AND JALAUKAAVCHARNA
Authors: Angial Tandup
Published: March 2021

The term Jalauka (leech) may be etymologically interpreted to mean creature whose life (Ayu) or whose longevity is depends upon water, whereas the derivative meaning of the term Jalauka is based upon the fact of their dwelling (“oka” – dwelling place) in water (Jalam). A creature whose life is water called Ja-lauka. Jalauka is having various names which are – Jalayuka, Jalaua, Jaluka etc. There are two types of treatment, advised in Ayurveda - 1. Shamana (internal medicine) 2. Shodhana (internal purification). Leech therapy (Jalaukavacharana) takes a pride of place in the list of Panchakarma like Shodhana Chikitsa. Ja-lauka is the only shodhana treatment that can be done on rich, weak, fearful, sophisticated, old& in case of ladies and children. Due to its sophisticated nature. The knowledge of Jalaukavacharana is as old as the Ayurveda. It is described in Rigved, kaushik sutra, VinayPitak, CharakSamhita and Sushruta Samhita. Sushruta give a detailed description of the Leech and Leech therapy. Modern medical science also de-scribes it in detail. There are two types of Leeches six poisonous (savisha)and six nonpoisonous (nirvisha). Nirvishajalauka are strong and large Ready suckers, Greedy (Mahashana), Saivalashyava (Varna), Vrutta (round), Blue colored. Acharaya Sushruta gives a detailed description of the collection method, collection time, and preservation methods. Leech therapy or Jalaukaavcharana is mainly indicated for Pittaja and Raktaajavikara as vidradhi (Abscess), gulma (Abdominal swelling) arsha (Piles), kushtha (Skin disease) etc. Sushruta describe the method of application of leech in details dividing it into three parts namely Pur-vakarama, Pradhankarama and Pachchatkarama. Modern scientists and physicians also describe Leech and leech saliva having properties of antibiotics, anesthetic, antiseptic, anticoagulant.