bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The value of human dignity as a form of moral regulation of teacher’s actions and deeds
Authors: Bezdukhov Vladimir Petrovich , Bezdukhov Artyom Vladimirovich
Published: January 2021

The relevance of the research is motivated by the importance of understanding the value of dignity as one of the forms of moral regulation of the teachers actions and deeds. The authors motivate the social relevance of teaching a moral quality (or virtue) of dignity by the fact that, considering him/herself and others equally worthy, a person becomes capable of a constructive dialogue. The paper argues that one of the leading goals of modern education as an introduction to values is the education of students self-esteem, the upbringing of worthy people. The authors reveal that value is one of the elements of the system of moral regulation of actions and deeds; that the imperativeness of values lies in the fact that, being a guideline for pedagogical activity, they instruct the teacher to correspond to their content, which determines the content of moral requirements for him/herself and for students. It is shown that the golden rule of morality as a value determines the most important form of moral regulation in modern conditions. It is revealed that positive or negative aspects of the golden rule of morality correspond to what the teacher wants or does not want to experience, endure; what action he/she wants (does not want) to do so that students do (dont do) the same. It is substantiated that the above-mentioned aspects of the golden rule of morality from the pedagogical point of view are requirements to act (requirements-samples) or not to act (requirements-prohibitions) accordingly. It is revealed that dignity as a virtue combines the elements of obligation and value. Obligation is manifested in behavior focused on a certain moral quality dignity; the value of dignity, which manifests itself in behavior through the manifestation of moral qualities of honesty, truthfulness, etc., sets the form of moral regulation in which (form) the content of moral qualities and value of dignity is transmitted. The authors of the paper insist that the teacher, in the course of interaction with students, creates conditions for them to understand the essence of requirements-prohibitions, contained in the negative side of the golden rule of morality, and the essence of requirements-samples, enclosed in the positive side of the golden rule of morality; that at the level of self-education, these requirements are formulated by the teacher and students in the form of self-persuasion, self-order to commit a moral deed and not to commit an immoral act. Self-persuasion and self-order are methods of self-education, and the more a person masters them, the more he/she strengthens self-respect. Such a person becomes a moral guide for others; such a teacher creates the most favorable conditions for developing students self-respect.
Regularities of modernization and improvement of educational services quality
Authors: Petrishchev Igor Olegovich
Published: January 2021

The paper reveals the main trends of the modern educational process, according to which the regularities of modernization of education and improvement of educational services quality are updated. The process of modernization is defined as a consistent change in educational practices under the influence of social, economic and cultural factors. The analysis of changes in the education system in the context of digitalization and informatization of society made it possible to build an educational paradigm, which demonstrates that the quality of educational services is proportional to the goals of education, the needs of society as well as to the education conditions and the possibilities of science in a specific period of time. This paradigm allows us to trace the causal relationship between the social and cultural context and changes in the education system as a form of students and teachers adaptive reaction. Thus, the regularities of education modernization are understood as pedagogical phenomena that are actualized at different stages of the educational process development with renewed power and thereby determine some periodicity in the educational process and didactic tradition. Building the educational process according to the gnoseological and psychological regularities of education modernization seems to be a constructive pedagogical decision that will allow educational organizations to stay competitive on the market of educational services.
ÜNİVERSİTEDEKİ ÖĞRENME ORTAMINA İLİŞKİN ÖĞRETMEN ADAYLARININ GÖRÜŞLERİNİN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: KURTOĞLU ERDEN Meltem , USLUPEHLİVAN Eda , KURT Ali
Published: January 2021

Bu çalışmada, üniversitede öğrenme ortamına ilişkin öğretmen adaylarının görüşlerinin ortaya konulması amaçlanmıştır. Bu doğrultuda Bilgisayar ve Öğretim Teknolojileri Eğitimi Bölümü’nde öğrenim gören 20 öğretmen adayının görüşüne başvurulmuştur. Öğretmen adaylarının görüşleri içerik analizi yöntemi kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Analiz sonucunda katılımcı cevaplarının “dersin işlenişi, öğretici tutumu, etkileşim ve işbirliği, fiziksel ortam” olmak üzere 4 kategori altında toplandığı tespit edilmiştir. Dersin işlenişi teması, “ders amacına uygunluk, sıkıcılıktan uzaklık, öğrenci katılımını teşvik ve bireysel farklılıklara uygunluk” olmak üzere 4 alt temayı kapsamaktadır. Öğretici tutumu teması altında “derse yönelik baskı oluşturmama, samimi olma ve disiplini sağlama” olmak üzere 3 alt tema yer almaktadır. “Etkileşim ve işbirliği” teması altında “öğrenen-öğrenen, öğrenen-öğretici ve okul dışı işbirliği” olmak üzere 3 alt tema belirlenmiştir. Fiziksel ortam teması altında “birey sayısı, mekânın yapısal özellikleri, sınıf içi düzen ve materyal, ortam gürültüsü, temizlik ve bilgiye erişim” olmak üzere 6 alt tema belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak öğrencilerin en fazla fiziksel ortam kategorisinde cevaplar verdiği, en az üzerinde durdukları faktörün öğretici tutumları olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca katılımcıların üniversitelerdeki öğrenme ortamından beklentilerinin yapılandırmacı anlayışla örtüştüğü ortaya konmuştur. Üniversitelerdeki öğrenme ortamının düzenlenmesinde, öğretmen adaylarının görüş ve beklentilerinin önemli olduğu ve bu çalışmanın üniversitedeki öğrenme ortamının farklı boyutlarını düzenlemede bir rehber olacağı düşünülmektedir.
BİLGİSAYAR VE ÖĞRETİM TEKNOLOJİLERİ EĞİTİMİ BÖLÜMÜ ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN ÖĞRETİM TASARIMI YETERLİKLERİNİN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: YALÇIN Yasin , URSAVAŞ Ömer Faruk
Published: January 2021

Bilgisayar ve Öğretim Teknolojileri Öğretmenliği (BÖTÖ) Programı mezunlarının öğretim tasarımı yeterliklerini de içine alan geniş bir yelpazede görevleri yerine getirmeleri beklenmektedir. Ancak BÖTÖ müfredatı içerisinde öğretim tasarımı yeterliklerine yoğunlaşan yalnızca bir ders bulunmaktadır. Bu nedenle BÖTÖ programlarında öğretim tasarımı yeterliklerinin ne seviyede kazandırıldığı cevaplanması gereken sorulardan biridir. Bu araştırmada BÖTÖ programlarında okuyan öğrencilerin öğretim tasarımı yeterlikleri konusundaki algılarının belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu kapsamda ibstpi® tarafından geliştirilen öğretim tasarımı standartları Türkçe’ye kazandırılmış ve geliştirilen ölçek yardımıyla BÖTÖ programlarında okuyan 820 üçüncü ve dördüncü sınıf öğrencisine uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular katılımcıların öğretim tasarımı yeterlikleri konusunda kendilerini genellikle orta derecede yeterli gördüklerini göstermektedir. Görsel, sözel ve yazılı olarak etkili bir şekilde iletişim kurma öğrencilerin kendilerini en yeterli gördüğü yeterlik olarak öne çıkmıştır. Bunun yanında öğretimsel olmayan müdahalelerin planlanmasını içeren yeterlik ise öğrencilerin kendilerini en az yeterli gördüğü yeterlik olmuştur. Öğretim Tasarımı dersi aldığını belirten katılımcıların %24’ü öğretim tasarımı sürecinde hiç görev almadığını, %30’u ise kısmen görev aldığını belirtmiştir. Bulgular BÖTÖ programlarının gelişimi açısından tartışılmış ve bazı öneriler sunulmuştur.
La legislación sobre licencias de maternidad y paternidad como factor de igualdad entre hombres y mujeres: el caso colombiano
Authors: Monterroza Baleta Vanessa
Published: January 2021

This paper aims to analyze the legislative initiatives of the Congress of the Republic of Colombia in the area of gender equality; specifically, as regards the system of maternity and paternity leave and the way in which they influence the consolidation of equality between men and women. Legislative initiatives will be grouped into three models of licenses: 1. a model of distinction between men and women, associated with a concept of feminized care; 2. a model of equality based on co-responsibility, and 3. an intermediate model where the liberality of the parents prevails.
Análisis jurídico de la tributación de los contratos de leasing financiero en la legislación colombiana a partir de los cambios introducidos por la Ley 1819 de 2016
Authors: Murillo Taborda Max Sebastián
Published: January 2021

The enaction of the Law 1819 of 2016, introduced into the Colombian Tax Legislation a change to the special tax treatment of financial and operational leasing contracts. This document presents to the reader different legal problems arising from the wording of the financial leasing contract rules in the income tax and value added tax (VAT), which mainly originate from the drafting and interpretation of the article 127-1 of the Colombian Tax Code, as the special fiscal rule that establishes the treatment of leasing contracts for tax purposes. This document is developed under the dogmatic methodology, to the extent that different legal analyzes are carried out, and counts with the important input of the doctrine (i.e., tax rulings) issued by the Colombian Tax Authority (DIAN by its acronym in Spanish) as a relevant auxiliary source for the understanding of the scope of financial leasing fiscal treatment.
La idoneidad del control inmediato de legalidad para la protección de poblaciones vulnerables en el marco de estados de excepción
Authors: Rivera Ceballos Paulina , Rodríguez Chaves Santiago
Published: January 2021

As a result of the pandemic produced by the COVID-19, a phenomenon has been spotted in regard to the regularization of migrants statuses, specifically with the issuance of the Safe Passage. With the issuance of the 1006 Resolution of 2020,the issuance of the SC-2 Safe Passage by the Unidad Administrativa Especial de Migración Colombia was suspended indefinitely. In consequence, this decision made by the National Government has generated an obstacle for the people seeking to be recognized as refugees to have access to the healthcare system, because, according to the Colombian legislation, it is not an option to enroll in the general healthcare system with a proof of the safe passage.

Saying this, it's clear that the legal concept of Immediate Control of Legality may protect the diverse human rights of the vulnerable migratory population. This is a vulnerable population because of its context of mobilization and the suspension of the SC-2 Safe Passage due to the Sanitary, Economic and Social COVID-19 Emergency. In this regard, the Immediate Control of Legality is an instrument of civic surveillance, which enables consideration of the real and material effects of a regulation, in principle legitimate, but which the Estate Council can't verify at first sight.

Additionally, it sets a limit to the faculties of what the National Government and the public administration can do during the validity of the state of emergency. This limit is important because it allows the protection of vulnerable populations that historically had been disregarded and harmed with the decisions that had been made during the states of emergency.
Vizcaínos
Authors: Gil-Osle Juan
Published: January 2021

What a Vizcaíno is in the literature of the 16th and
17th centuries has always been a puzzle due to the different uses given to
the word. The connotation of the term Vizcaíno can go from an insult
similar to "thief," "traitor," even "Portuguese," to, in other cases, "stupid," "gregarious," or
simply different. In other words, the Vizcaíno is a paradigmatic Other, which
seems to have become an insider Other (nothing could be more enervating for some in Spain,
or more nostalgic for others than the "insiderness" of this quintessential Other). And
unfortunately, in this case, otherness has been the companion of both hate and nostalgia,
which seem to be extreme emotional expressions that justify numerous slanders, acts
of violence, and overcompensations. "The Vizcaíno effect" has become a
systemic mark in the understanding of Spanish and Basque identities in the long process
of nation building, probably based on the long term construction of misperceptions,
miscommunications, and opportunistic manipulations of all sorts. These misperceptions
are not far away from hate speech. Many times comments about Basques pass by as
humoristic in our readings of the early modern literature, but perhaps it is pertinent
to locate them as a part of the so-called "Triangular Hate Scale"
(Sternberg, The Nature 217). First comes the verbal negation of
intimacy with the target group, later passions are verbalized; finally there is a
commitment to act and propagate the sentiment of hate (Sternberg, The Nature 217).
In this article, I aim to make a reflexion about the expression of hate surrounding the
basque speaker in the early modern period.
Application of q-Bessel Functions in the Solution of Generalized Fractional Kinetic Equations
Authors: Agarwal Garima , Joshi Sunil , Sooppy Nisar Kottakkaran
Published: January 2021

The present investigation aims to extract a solution from the generalized fractional kinetic equations involving the generalized q-Bessel function by applying the Laplace transform. Methodology and results can be adopted and extended to a variety of related fractional problems in mathematical physics.
Evaluation of Online Anatomy Education Given in Medicine and Dentistry Faculties of Universities During Covid-19 Pandemic with Student Feedback
Authors: ŞENOL Deniz , TOY Şeyma , CANBOLAT Mustafa , PEKTAŞ Murat
Published: January 2021

Objective: We are experiencing the effects of the Covid-19 pandemic on the whole world. All educational facilities have been negatively affected in this process. In this study, the aim was to evaluate online anatomy education during the Covid-19 pandemic with students’ feedbacks and it was questioned whether it would be efficient to use online education more actively in the following years.
Methods: A total of 1127 first and second-year students from dentistry faculty and medicine faculty of Düzce, Karabük, and İnönü universities were included in the study. The survey prepared in “Google Forms” was sent online to students via the “Whatsapp” application. Descriptive statistical analyses were used in data.
Results: According to analysis results, it was found that the students agreed on the content and efficiency of online anatomy education and it was found that they thought anatomy theoretical courses should not be conducted only after the pandemic is over. It was found that medicine faculty students placed more importance on anatomy education in terms of professional aspects.
Conclusions: As a result, we believe that the online anatomy education students receive is important in terms of their professional development. However, we believe that it won’t be possible for online anatomy education to replace face-to-face education. This study will be a resource for studies to be conducted in medicine and health sciences fields in terms of online education.
Zastosowanie innowacyjnych źródeł energii jako element budowania przewagi konkurencyjnej w przedsiębiorstwach z branży TSL na przykładzie projektu energetycznego zaprojektowanego dla FM Logistics
Authors: Łęgowik Anita , Jankiewicz Szymon
Published: January 2021

Działania na rzecz środowiska stają się obecnie wyznacznikiem nowoczesnej firmy, która chcąc się rozwijać poszukuje sposobów na ograniczanie swojego negatywnego wpływu. Branża TSL jest jedną z tych, w których oddziaływanie na środowisko jest duże. Oznacza to konieczność znajdowania rozwiązań pasujących do jej specyfiki przynoszących konkretne rezultaty środowiskowe. Jednym z takich obszarów, gdzie możliwe są różnorodne usprawnienia jest pobór energii w procesach. Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie możliwości wdrożenia alternatywnych źródeł energii do jednego z obiektów firmy FM Logistic.
Variability of L-Dopa and its association with morphological growth and yield traits of Mucuna pruriens (L.) germplasm
Authors: Chinapolaiah A. , Bindu K. Hima , Thondaiman V. , Manjesh G.N. , Rao N. Hariprasad , Kumar S. Sudheer , Reddy R. Nagaraja
Published: January 2021

Fifty eight germplasm of Mucuna was analysed for L-Dopa using ultra high performance liquid Chromatography. L-Dopa ranges from 2.94% in IC 332432 to 6.91% in IIHR MP62-1. Low L-Dopa accessions identified IC 332432 (2.94%) and IIHR MP95 (2.98%) was highly beneficial to consume as food with proper processing or boiling. The accessions having high L-Dopa is highly beneficial to the industries for preparation of drugs. High L-Dopa accessions IIHR MP62-1(6.91%), IIHR MP21 (6.77%), IIHR MP63-1(6.76%) and IIHR MP102 (6.57%) were itchy types and important for drug industry. Hence these high L-Dopa accessions can be utilised in future breeding programme of Mucuna to develop high yielding cultivars coupled with high L-Dopa. Correlation coefficient analysis revealed that L-Dopa has significant negative association with pod length indicates selection of smaller pods was a measure of selection index to obtain high L-Dopa accession could be used in breeding programme of velvet bean.
Rituales de terminación y consumo en el Palacio 6J2 de La Blanca: una perspectiva zooarqueológica del Clásico Terminal en el Petén guatemalteco
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Jiménez Cano Nayeli G. , Vidal Lorenzo Cristina ,   Universidad de Valencia
Published: January 2021

La Blanca is an urban settlement located in the department of Petén, Guatemala. The site played an important role due to its strategic location alongside the Mopán River basin. This paper presents results of the zooarchaeological studies conducted on this archaeological site during the Classic Terminal period (850-1000 A.D.), a time of social upheaval in which the elite of La Blanca left the city and new inhabitants occupied the rooms of its monumental palaces. The animal remains analyzed came from the excavation of the south wing of Palace 6J2 at the Acropolis and represent a unique opportunity to understand the faunal use and management in a period of social and economic crisis. The animals deposited in these rooms pointed to the ritual character of the assemblage as well as the importance of the nearby environment as a means of providing resources for subsistence. The study of the archaeofaunal assemblages represents a first approach to provide clues about the economic importance of the animals and their role in ritual activities during a so debated period in Maya history as the Terminal Classic in the Lowlands.
La presencia de Odiseo en la Anábasis de Jenofonte
Authors:   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Olivares Chávez Carolina ,   Instituto de Investigaciones Filológicas
Published: January 2021

In this article we intend to trace Homeric references within Xenophon’s Anabasis, in order to prove the Historian constructs an Epic text in which he immortalizes his own exploits among Persians and compares himself with the hero Odysseus. I also consider other works of Xenophon as Banquet, Memorabilia and Apology, since there he describes the poems of Homer as an essential part of his own Greek culture in IV Century. Among the main sources I have consulted, ancient and modern, are Homer, Christos Tsagalis and Emerson Cerdas. And while Naoko Yamagata founds only one Homeric reference in Anabasis, I find two direct references and several indirect references which allude to the hero and to certain situations in Odisea Xenophon similarly faced.
Transformation of higher financial education in contemporary conditions
Authors:   Russian Academy of National Economy and Public administration under the President of the Russian Federation, North-West Institute of management — branch, Vylkova E.S. , Viktorova N.G. ,   St. Petersburg Polytechnic Peter the Great University, Evstigneev E.N. ,   St. Petersburg Polytechnic Peter the Great University
Published: January 2021

Presented is research in development of Higher education, and in particular the fiscal and financial, that should be considered on the basis of a systemic integrated approach, that allows for the comprehensive construction of conceptual models of economic education. Smart education must be developed through the use of progressive elements of all pedagogical approaches, connectivism ideas related to the specifics of the learning process in the age of digital transformation, as well as system engineering. The concept of higher vocational and economic education in the tax sphere includes the presentation of systemic paradigms, scientific approaches and technologies that reveal the role and place of education in the country’s economic system and in the education system as a whole. It consists in a transition from a knowledgeable approach to a competent, student-teacher-turned-sovereign active subjects of cognitive activity who are able to build their personalized knowledge. This is to be facilitated by the creation of personal learning environments. The article defines the contours of the meaningful part of the personal learning environment, presents its scheme for the teacher of tax disciplines and for students in these disciplines. In today's conditions, it is advisable to widely play the educational process in universities to form super-professional skills, improve creativity, creativity and the ability to work in a team in all participants of the educational system, including using the method of VIRTUOSO. The competent use of an integral approach to the transformation of the domestic higher financial education is designed to improve the professional and super-professional competences of graduates, to increase their competitiveness in the global market of educational services, and labort.
Distance education — modern realities and development prospects
Authors:   Penza State Technological University, Vagaeva O.A. , Liksina E.V. , Lyuse V.N.
Published: January 2021

Researched is the problem of distance education in Russia in the context of the coronavirus pandemic that spread throughout the world in 2020. It describes and analyzes results of survey in the form of questionnaire of both Students and Lectors of Higher Educational institutions in several provincial cities of Russia. As a result of the study it was revealed that about 70% of students and more than 90% of Lectors believe, that the educational process in higher education is inappropriate to completely transfer online. Lectors noted that optimal form of organizing the educational process is combination of online and offline formats. The survey in the form of questionnaire made it possible to assess strengths and weaknesses of organization and content ofdistance education in Russian Universities, difficulties and problems that have arisen among Lectors and Students, and prospects for development of the phenomenon under study. First of all, it is necessary to note insufficient readiness of both Lectors and Students to switch to distance mode. Many organizational difficulties were associated with unstable operation of electronic educational environment, educational portals, information and communication networks, as well as with failures in the Internet. Research has shown that these issues need to be addressed over the long term. Both Students and Lectors recognize that distance learning is a good addition to existing traditional educational system, and some forms of educational work can be left online.
South African philosophy of life Ubuntu and its significance for understanding non-violence as universal human value
Authors:   Moscow City University, Sitarov V.A. , Maralov V.G. ,   Cherepovets State University
Published: January 2021

Presented is characteristic of South African philosophical ethic conception Ubuntu, defined is its significance for understanding non-violence as universal human value. Elaborated are three principal components of Ubuntu, i.e. “human being is human being because other people”, “I am, because we are”, “We are single unity”. Analyzed is contribution that is being introduced by Ubuntu in comprehension of non-violence. Shown is that in Ubuntu priorities are affirmation of value of human life and its unity, humanistic relations, solution of conflicts by using dialog and non-violence methods. Conclusion is made that Ubuntu might significantly enrich modern visions on non-violence as universal human value.
Use of Cognitive Enhancers by Portuguese Medical Students: Do Academic Challenges Matter?
Authors: Miranda Miguel , Barbosa Miguel
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Nonmedical use of prescription drugs and other substances for cognitive enhancement in the academic environment has been documented in several studies. However, the prevalence among Portuguese university students is unknown. We aimed to assess the prevalence and academic contexts of the use of cognitive enhancers of a sample of Portuguese medical students.Material and Methods: An online questionnaire about the use of cognitive enhancers was completed by 1156 participants, who were either medical students (group 1) or newly qualified physicians applying for the Portuguese medical licensing exam (group 2).Results: Coffee was the most frequently used substance for cognitive enhancement purposes in both groups, whereas nonmedical use of prescription drugs for cognitive enhancement was lower in undergraduate students (5%) and higher in licensing exam applicants (14%). Methylphenidate (35%) and modafinil (10%) were the most consumed prescription substances and they were mainly used to enhance attention (83%) and memory (44%). Use of prescription drugs for cognitive enhancement was mainly associated with studying for medical school exams and the medical licensing exam. Most prescription drugs for cognitive enhancement were obtained through medical prescription (54%).Discussion: These results show a low consumption of prescription drugs for cognitive enhancement by Portuguese medical students. Licensing exam applicants show a higher consumption of almost every substance included in this study, which might be explained by the crucial role of the exam in defining their future career path and desire by students to improve the cognitive skills that determine exam success.Conclusion: Studying drugtaking behaviors in medical students and young doctors is relevant for public health and medical education, since they will soon be in charge of drugs prescription. Therefore, ethical and medical concerns raised by off label consumption of prescription drugs for cognitive enhancement purposes must be openly addressed.
Analisando música na infância: uma abordagem cognitiva no ensino-aprendizagem do piano
Authors: Bezerra Denise Maria , Fialho Francisco Antônio Pereira
Published: January 2021

A análise musical é frequentemente relegada a um estágio de aprendizagem posterior na sequência do estudo instrumental, quando já estão dominadas a teoria musical e a harmonia. Neste trabalho propomos a aplicação da análise musical desde a infância, respeitando a capacidade cognitiva da criança em cada estágio do seu desenvolvimento. Nosso foco de estudo é a criança do período operatório-concreto (aproximadamente de 7 a 12 anos) e seu potencial de análise musical. Serão examinados elementos presentes no processo de aprendizagem do piano com base na teoria piagetiana e, a seguir, discutidas algumas possibilidades de análise musical pela criança, amparadas pela abordagem cognitiva.
A formação universitária do músico: a persistência do modelo de ensino conservatorial
Authors: Penna Maura , Sobreira Silvia
Published: January 2021

Este ensaio, de caráter teórico e base bibliográfica interdisciplinar, retoma a discussão sobre o ensino conservatorial, com base em autores que abordaram o assunto. São apresentadas as principais características deste modelo e as críticas a ele traçadas. Analisa-se como, apesar de o modelo já apresentar modificações, ele ainda permanece. Tomando como referencial teórico o sociólogo Pierre Bourdieu, o texto desenvolve o assunto, mostrando que as disputas que ocorrem no campo acadêmico-musical influenciam as questões curriculares e pedagógicas dos cursos de graduação brasileiros. Conclui-se que existe a necessidade de maior discussão entre as diversas especialidades do estudo da Música, a fim de proporcionar uma mudança paradigmática que supere as concepções tradicionais relativas à formação do músico.
Unidades Semióticas Espaciais (USEs) e a manipulação artística sistemática do espaço extrínseco musical
Authors: Sousa Fabio Wanderley Janhan
Published: January 2021

Apresentamos neste trabalho o conceito de espaço extrínseco e, a partir de estudos bibliográficos relacionados ao desenvolvimento sintático e semântico do mesmo, assim como da prática de espacialização em tempo real e da composição de obras para sistemas multicanais, nos direcionamos para a estruturação do que denominamos de Unidades Semióticas Espaciais (USEs). Pretendidas como as menores unidades perceptíveis no domínio do espaço extrínseco capazes de produzir algum significado artístico, as USEs são uma proposta de ferramenta para composição e análise tanto de material sonoro quanto imagético. A partir da proposta de uma grafia para as USEs, apresentamos uma análise do espaço extrínseco de uma composição de música eletroacústica audiovisual realizada pelo autor. Avaliamos vantagens e desvantagens do procedimento adotado na conclusão.
Música, emoção e funções executivas: revisão narrativa da literatura
Authors: Bortz Graziela , Jackowski Andrea Parolin , Ilari Beatriz , Moreira Hugo Cogo , Germano Nayana Di Giuseppe , Lúcio Patrícia Silva
Published: January 2021

O trabalho apresenta revisão bibliográfica narrativa sobre música e funções executivas (FE), associadas ao córtex pré-frontal (CPF), em interação com o sistema límbico, ligado ao processamento das emoções, discutindo sua indissociabilidade. O artigo tem por objetivo examinar a literatura recente sobre CPF e FE, estudos correlacionais, longitudinais e experimentais sobre prática musical e desenvolvimento das habilidades relacionadas às funções executivas do cérebro. Conclui ressaltando a importância do uso de testes validados que captem subfunções das FE, emoções e habilidades musicais, de modo a verificar a eficácia de intervenções que usam o ensino da música como forma de beneficiar o desenvolvimento humano de populações em situação de risco.
Guinga: 70 anos de um violão brasileiro altamente particular
Authors: Llanos Fernando Elías
Published: January 2021

Carlos Althier de Sousa Lemos Escobar é Guinga, violonista nascido em 10 de junho de 1950 no Rio de Janeiro, que em 2020 completou 70 anos. Compositor e instrumentista, ao longo das décadas de percurso profissional suas músicas ressoaram nas diversas salas de concerto, teatros e palcos do Brasil e do mundo. Sua linguagem composicional, seu estilo interpretativo e suas influências são híbridos e ecléticos, exercitando releituras idiomáticas do choro, do baião, do samba, como também do cool jazz, do impressionismo musical francês, das cantilenas villalobianas ou das politonalidades à la Stravinsky. Desde o seu primeiro disco – em parceria com Aldir Blanc –, Simples e absurdo (1991), a produção discográfica de Guinga reserva um lugar de destaque ao gênero canção e à música instrumental, esta última em formato camerístico – violão e outros instrumentos, como em Cheio de Dedos (1996) – ou solista, como Roendopinho (2014) e Canção da Impermanência (2017). No entanto, a dimensão do seu pensamento político-estético ainda não foi suficientemente explorada nas pesquisas científicas em música quando observamos o corpus atual de teses, dissertações, artigos e eventos acadêmicos. Espera-se que os temas abordados nesta entrevista subsidiem os diálogos universidade-sociedademultiplicando a diversidade epistemológica, em particular aquela referente à construção de uma historiografia crítica – e não apenas a musicológica – do instrumento e à compreensão do assim chamado “violão brasileiro”.
Intervensi Supportive Educative Berbasis Caring Meningkatkan Self Care Management Penderita Hipertensi
Authors: Suprayitno Emdat , Damayanti Cory Nelia
Published: January 2021

Hipertensi merupakan faktor risiko utama kematian penyakit kardiovaskular, berasal dari faktor genetik, lingkungan, dan sosial. Strategi intervensi sangat dibutuhkan untuk meningkatkan kesadaran dan perawatan diri. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis pengaruh intervensi supportive educative berbasis caring terhadap self care management penderita hipertensi. Desain penelitian ini adalah quasi experimental. Populasi yaitu seluruh lansia penderita hipertensi sebanyak 71 orang dengan simple random sampling, jumlah sampel sebanyak 66 orang terbagi menjadi 2 kelompok yaitu kelompok perlakuan sebanyak 33 orang diberikan intervensi supportive educative berbasis caring dan sebanyak 33 orang kelompok kontrol diberikan leaflet tentang penyakit hipertensi. Hasil penelitian berdasarkan uji independent t test skor selfcare management pada kelompok perlakuan dan kontrol setelah intervensi yaitu p=0,000. Skor selisih delta skor selfcare management pada kelompok perlakuan dan kontrol setelah intervensi yaitu p=0,000. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan intervensi supportive educative berbasis caring efektif meningkatkan self care management penderita hipertensi, intervensi ini bisa menjadi upaya promotif untuk meningkatkan kemandirian perawatan diri pada penderita hipertensi.
Nanofiltration: an alternative to thermovinification to increase extraction of polyphenols during winemaking?
Authors: Nioi Claudia , Lisanti Maria Tiziana , Ghidossi Rémy
Published: January 2021

Free-run juice (“saignée”) from Pinot Noir must was filtered by nanofiltration (NF) and then, with the aim of promoting the diffusion of anthocyanins, the retentate fraction was returned to the tank immediately and the permeate fraction was returned at different densities during the alcoholic fermentation. This extraction strategy was compared with thermovinification (TV). The results obtained demonstrate that NF shows promise as an alternative non-thermal strategy.
CRITERIOS DE SELECCIÓN PARA UN SITIO DE DISPOSICIÓN FINAL DE RESIDUOS SÓLIDOS NO PELIGROSOS. REVISIÓN DE NORMAS AMBIENTALES LATINOAMERICANAS Y SU CONTRASTE CON LA NORMA ECUATORIANA
Authors: Cobos Mora Sandra Lucía , Solano Peláez José Luis , Gárate Rodriguez Paulo Cesar
Published: January 2021

En Latinoamérica, los sitios de emplazamiento de un relleno sanitario como tecnología de disposición final, se configuran como zonas altamente conflictivas desde una perspectiva socioambiental, lo que pudiera ser atribuible a los ineficientes procesos técnicos, administrativos y políticos que experimenta la región de forma generalizada. Además, al ser fuentes de contaminación en potencia generan una gran oposición ciudadana por las implicaciones en la salud pública y en los recursos naturales. Como consecuencia de las grandes cantidades de desechos que se generan por falta de empoderamiento en procesos de reutilización y reciclaje, para los países en vías de desarrollo aún es imperante contar con rellenos sanitarios en mayor número y superficie. En este contexto, cada país de la región ha desarrollado cuerpos legales anclados a sus respectivas políticas públicas, en donde establecen los criterios mínimos a cumplir para la implementación de un sitio de disposición final. El presente artículo realiza una revisión sistemática de 14 de estas normas latinoamericanas y su posterior comparación con las variables de la regulación ecuatoriana, con el fin de establecer oportunidades de mejora desde una perspectiva técnica y legal, que contribuyan a un desarrollo sustentable del Ecuador.
On the Inapplicability of Supervised Machine Learning to Studying the Driving Forces of Evolution
Authors: Elhaik Eran , Graur Dan
Published: January 2021

Supervised machine learning (SML) is a powerful method for predicting a small number of well-defined output groups (e.g., potential buyers of a certain product) by taking as input a large number of known well-defined measurements (e.g., past purchases, income, ethnicity, gender, credit record, age, favorite color, favorite chewing gum). SML is predicated upon the existence of a training dataset in which the correspondence between the input and output is known to be true. SML has had enormous success in the world of commerce, and this success may have prompted a few scientists to employ it in the study of molecular and genome evolution. Here, we list the properties of SML that make it an unsuitable tool in certain evolutionary studies. In particular, we argue that SML cannot be used in an evolutionary exploratory context for the simple reason that training datasets that are known to be a priori true do not exist. As a case study, we use an SML study in which it was concluded that most human genomes evolve by positive selection through soft selective sweeps (Schrider and Kern 2017). We show that in the absence of legitimate training datasets, Schrider and Kern (2017) used (1) simulations that employ many manipulatable variables and (2) a system of cherry-picking data that would put to shame most modern evangelical exegeses of the Bible. These two factors, in addition to the lack of methodological detail and negative controls, lead us to conclude that all evolutionary inferences derived from so-called SML algorithms (e.g., S-HIC) should be taken with a huge shovel of salt.
Systematic Organization of COVID-19 Data Supported by the Adverse Outcome Pathway Framework
Authors: Nymark Penny , Sachana Magdalini , Batista-Leite Sofia , Sund Jukka , Krebs Catharine E , Sullivan Kristie , Edwards Stephen , Viviani Laura , Willett Kate , Landesmann Brigitte , Wittwehr Clemens
Published: January 2021

Adverse Outcome Pathways (AOP) provide structured frameworks for systematic organization of research data and knowledge. The AOP framework follows a set of key principles that allow for broad application across diverse disciplines related to human health, including toxicology, pharmacology, virology and medical research. The COVID-19 pandemic engages a great number of scientists world-wide and data is increasing with exponential speed. Diligent data management strategies are employed but approaches for systematically organizing the data-derived information and knowledge are lacking. We believe AOPs can play an important role in improving interpretation and efficient application of scientific understanding of COVID-19. Here, we outline a newly initiated effort to streamline collaboration between scientists across the world towards development of AOPs for COVID-19, and describe the overarching aims of the effort, as well as the expected outcomes and research support that they will provide.
Fundamental Principles Ensuring Successful Implementation of New-Age (Nano) Modified Emulsions (NME) for the Stabilisation of Naturally Available Materials in Pavement Engineering
Authors: Jordaan Gerrit J. , Steyn Wynand J. vdM
Published: January 2021

Good transportation systems are pre-requisites to economic development. Materials used for road construction are traditionally classified based of empirically developed archaic tests, often classifying naturally available materials as unsuitable for use in the load-bearing road pavement layers. Consequently, design standards usually require the use of imported materials at considerable costs, severely restricting road network development under scenarios of limited funding. New technologies and test methods based on sound engineering criteria, incorporating basic material sciences can substantially change this scenario. Nano-silane technologies can be utilised to improve naturally available materials to meet the engineering requirements of all layers in road structures. Material test and design methods have been developed and successfully tested in South Africa to build New-age Modified Emulsion (NME) stabilised layers in roads, meeting all engineering requirements. Accelerated Pavement Tests (APT) done on actual roads, proved the concept. This work is based on a scientific approach and identification of various factors that will impact on the successful application of applicable nanotechnology solutions. This paper aims to identify these fundamental factors that are a pre-requisite for the evaluation of nanotechnology solutions to ensure that new technologies are introduced into pavement engineering designs at a low risk to any implementing.
Feasibility Assessment of Wearable Respiratory Monitors for Ambulatory Inhalation Topography
Authors: Jayasekera Shehan , Hensel Edward , Robinson Risa
Published: January 2021

Background: Natural environment inhalation topography provides useful information for toxicant exposure, risk assessment and cardiopulmonary performance. Commercially available Wearable Respiratory Monitors (WRM), which are currently used to measure a variety of physiological parameters such as heart rate and breathing frequency, can be leveraged to obtain inhalation topography, yet little work has been done. This paper assesses the feasibility of adapting these WRMs for measuring inhalation topography. Methods: Commercially available WRMs were compiled and assessed for the ability to report chest motion, data analysis software features, ambulatory observation capabilities, participant acceptability, purchasing constraints and affordability. Results: The following WRMs were found: LifeShirt, Equivital EQ02 LifeMonitor, Smartex WWS, Hexoskin Smart Garment, Zephyr BioHarness, Nox T3&A1, BioRadio, SleepSense Inductance Band, and ezRIP & zRIP Durabelt. None of the WRMs satisfied all six assessment criteria in a manner enabling them to be used for inhalation topography without modification and development. Conclusion: The results indicate that there are WRMs with core technologies and characteristics that can be built upon for ambulatory inhalation topography measurement in the NE.
Validation of a Fast and Accurate Magnetic Tracker Operating in the Environmental Field
Authors: Biancalana Valerio , Cecchi Roberto , Chessa Piero , Mandalà Marco , Bevilacqua Giuseppe , Dancheva Yordanka , Vigilante Antonio
Published: January 2021

We characterize the performance of a system based on a magnetoresistor array. This instrument is developed to map the magnetic field, and to track a dipolar magnetic source in the presence of a static homogeneous field. The position and orientation of the magnetic source with respect to the sensor frame is retrieved together with the orientation of the frame with respect to the environmental field. A nonlinear best-fit procedure is used, and its precision, time performance, and reliability are analyzed. This analysis is performed in view of the practical application for which the system is designed that is an eye-tracking diagnostics and rehabilitative tool for medical purposes, which require high speed ($\ge 100$~Sa/s) and sub-millimetric spatial resolution. A throughout investigation on the results makes it possible to list several observations, suggestions, and hints, which will be useful in the design of similar setups.
Evaluation of the Internal and External Validity of Social Media and Mobile Technology Driven HPV Vaccination Interventions: Systematic Review Using Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, Maintenance (RE-AIM) Framework
Authors: Asare Matthew , Popelsky Braden , Akowuah Emmanuel , Lanning Beth A. , Montealegre Jane R.
Published: January 2021

Social media HPV vaccination interventions show promise for increasing HPV vaccination rates. An important consideration for the implementation of effective interventions into real-world practice in the translation potential, or external validity, of the intervention. To this end, we conducted a systematic literature review to describe the current body of evidence regarding the external validity of social media HPV vaccination-related interventions. Constructs related to external validity were based on the RE-AIM (reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation, maintenance) framework. Seventeen articles published between 2006 and 2020 met inclusion criteria. Three researchers independently coded each article using a validated RE-AIM (reach, effectiveness/efficacy, adoption, implementation, maintenance) framework. Discrepant codes were discussed with a fourth reviewer to gain consensus. Of these 17 studies, three were pilot efficacy studies, 10 were RCTs to evaluate effectiveness, one was a population-based study, and three did not explicitly state which type of study was conducted. Reflecting this distribution of study types, across all studies the mean level of reporting RE-AIM dimensions varied with reach recording 90.8%, effectiveness (72.1%), adoption (40.3%), implementation (45.6%), and maintenance (26.5%). This review suggests that while the current HPV vaccination social media-driven interventions provide sufficient information on internal validity (reach and effectiveness), few have aimed to gather data on external validity needed to translate the interventions into real world implementation. Our data suggest that implementation research is needed to move HPV vaccination-related interventions into practice. Included in this review are recommendations for enhancing the design and reporting of these HPV vaccination social media-related interventions.
Biosensors: A Sneak Peek into Plant Cell’s Immunity
Authors: Levak Valentina , Lukan Tjaša , Gruden Kristina , Coll Anna
Published: January 2021

Biosensors are indispensable tools to follow plant’s immunity as its spatiotemporal dimension is key in withstanding the complex plant immune signaling. The diversity of genetically encoded biosensors in plants is expanding, covering new analytes with ever higher sensitivity and robustness, but their assortment is limited in some aspects, such as their use to follow biotic stress response, employing more than one biosensor in the same chassis and their implementation into crops. In this review, we focused on the available biosensors that encompass these aspects. We show that in vivo imaging of calcium and reactive oxygen species is satisfactorily covered with the available genetically encoded biosensors, while on the other hand they are still underrepresented when it comes to imaging of the main three hormonal players of the immune response, salicylic acid, ethylene and jasmonic acid. Following more than one analyte in the same chassis, upon one or more conditions has so far been possible by using the most advanced genetically encoded biosensors in plants which allow to monitor calcium and two main hormonal pathways involved in plant development, auxin and cytokinin. These kinds of biosensors are also the most evolved in crops. In the last section, we gathered the challenges in the use of the biosensors and showed some strategies to overcome them.