bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Infarct topography and functional outcomes
Authors: Etherton Mark R , Rost Natalia S , Wu Ona
Published: March 2017

Acute ischemic stroke represents a major cause of long-term adult disability. Accurate prognostication of post-stroke functional outcomes is invaluable in guiding patient care, targeting early rehabilitation efforts, selecting patients for clinical research, and conveying realistic expectations to families. The involvement of specific brain regions by acute ischemia can alter post-stroke recovery potential. Understanding the influences of infarct topography on neurologic outcomes holds significant promise in prognosis of functional recovery. In this review, we discuss the recent evidence of the contribution of infarct location to patient management decisions and functional outcomes after acute ischemic stroke.
Rethinking Alternative Markets in the Context of Economic Crisis and Austerity in Greece
Authors: Benmecheddal Ahmed , Gorge Hélène , Özçağlar-Toulouse Nil
Published: March 2017

Alternative markets are often described as exchange systems for people who wish to escape the capitalist markets. In this article, we argue that alternative markets may also emerge in a context of economic constraint, in which people have restricted access to mainstream markets. In order to survive, they have to find alternative ways of obtaining goods and services. To understand the emergence and characteristics of the constrained type of alternative market, we examine the bartering systems established in Greece in the aftermath of the financial crisis and the imposition of austerity measures by international and European institutions on the country’s economic system. This study offers theoretical insights for the literature on alternative markets by conceptualizing bartering systems as a complementary market to the capitalist markets.
A framework for singularity-robust manipulator control during physical human-robot interaction
Authors: Carmichael Marc G , Liu Dikai , Waldron Kenneth J
Published: March 2017

Collaborative robot manipulators are being used to assist human workers performing physically intensive tasks. The finite reach of the manipulator often results in the robot being operated in proximity to kinematic singularity, negatively affecting the stability and performance of operation. Methods of controlling manipulators in the proximity of singularities and mitigating their effects on performance have been widely researched. However, little attention has been given to developing suitable methods for handling singularities specifically for applications where the manipulator physically interacts with a human operator. In these applications additional factors such as human comfort and interaction experience need to be considered. This work presents a framework for handling robotic singularities developed with the human operator in mind. Singularity robustness is achieved using a novel approach to dampen motion of the manipulator along singular directions. An exponential scaling shapes the damping to create a smooth behavior beneficial for physical human–robot interaction. The damping is applied asymmetrically depending on if the robot is heading towards or away from singular configurations, improving the interaction experience for the human operator. Additionally, bounded virtual forces are used to subtly guide the operator away from singular configurations. The proposed framework is validated in simulation and tested on an industrial manipulator.
Analysis of postoperative ultrasonography surveillance after total thyroidectomy in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma: a multicenter study
Authors: Ryoo Inseon , Kim Dong Wook , Lee Chang Yoon , Huh Jung Yin , Lee Song , Ahn Hye Shin , Sung Jin Yong
Published: March 2017

Background

In papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) patients, postoperative ultrasonography (US) surveillance is recommended at intervals of six or 12 months even though evidence is weak.

Purpose

To determine the optimal interval of postoperative US surveillance in patients after total thyroidectomy for the treatment of PTC using multicenter data.

Material and Methods

A total of 1400 patients from seven tertiary hospitals who underwent total thyroidectomy for treatment of PTC were included. Based on a retrospective review of clinical and pathologic results, multiple factors were analyzed according to recurrence/persistence or no recurrence/persistence. In recurrence/persistence group, the interval and number of follow-up US sessions in the initial detection of recurrence/persistence were investigated.

Results

Of the 1400 patients, 115 (8.2%) showed tumor recurrence/persistence on follow-up US. Of 115 recurrence/persistence cases, 89 (77.4%) were initially detected on US: nodal recurrence/persistence (n = 92), non-nodal recurrence/persistence (n = 22), and both (n = 1). Among the clinical and pathologic factors, only tumor size and N stage were significant predictors for recurrence/persistence. In the recurrence/persistence group, the mean interval and number of follow-up US sessions in the initial detection of recurrence/persistence was 22.3 ± 16.8 months and 2.2 ± 1.9, respectively. Approximately two-thirds of recurrence/persistence cases (76/115, 66.1%) were detected in follow-up US within two years after total thyroidectomy.

Conclusion

In PTC patients after total thyroidectomy, the optimal interval of the first US follow-up may be one to two years after thyroid surgery, and the appropriate number of postoperative US surveillance sessions within the first five years may be only one or two.
Peroneal perforator pedicle propeller flap for lower leg soft tissue defect reconstruction: Clinical applications and treatment of venous congestion
Authors: Shen Lifeng , Liu Yiyang , Zhang Chun , Guo Qiaofeng , Huang Wenhua , Wong Kelvin Kian Loong , Chang Shimin
Published: March 2017

Objective

To describe the characteristics of the perforator vessel in the peroneal artery of the lower leg and to explore the use of perforator pedicle propeller flaps to repair soft tissue defects in the lower leg, heel and foot.

Methods

This retrospective study enrolled patients with soft tissue defects of the distal lower leg, heel and foot who underwent surgery using peroneal perforator-based propeller flaps. The peroneal artery perforators were identified preoperatively by colour duplex Doppler ultrasound. The flap was designed based on the preoperatively-identified perforator location, with the posterior border of the fibula employed as an axis, and the perforator vessel as the pivot point of rotation. Patients were followed-up to determine the outcomes.

Results

The study analysed 36 patients (mean age, 39.7 years). The majority of the soft tissue defects were on the heel (20; 55.6%). The donor-site of the flap was closed in 11 patients by direct suturing and skin grafting was undertaken in 25 patients. Postoperative complications included venous congestion (nine patients), which was managed with delayed wound coverage and bleeding therapy. All wounds were eventually cured and the flaps were cosmetically acceptable.

Conclusions

The peroneal perforator pedicle propeller flap is an appropriate choice to repair soft tissue defects of the distal limbs.
Prevalence and risk factors of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis in Dalian, China
Authors: Lv Xin-Tong , Lu Xi-Wei , Shi Xiao-Yan , Zhou Ling
Published: March 2017

Objectives

To investigate the prevalence and risk factors associated with multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR–TB) in Dalian, China.

Methods

This was a retrospective review of data from patients attending a TB clinic in Dalian, China between 2012 and 2015. Demographic and drug susceptibility data were retrieved from TB treatment cards. Univariate logistic analysis was used to assess the association between risk factors and MDR–TB.

Results

Among the 3552 patients who were smear positive for Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), 2918 (82.2%) had positive MTB cultures and 1106 (31.1%) had isolates that showed resistance to at least one drug. The overall prevalence of MDR–TB was 10.1% (359/3552; 131/2261 [5.8%] newly diagnosed and 228/1291 [17.7%] previously treated patients). Importantly, 75 extensively drug-resistant TB isolates were detected from 25 newly treated and 50 previously treated patients. In total, 215 (6.1%) patients were infected with a poly-resistant strain of MTB. Previously treated patients and older patients were more likely to develop MDR–TB.

Conclusions

The study showed a high prevalence of MDR–TB among the study population. History of previous TB treatment and older age were associated with MDR–TB.
Clinical features and prognosis of patients with acute aortic dissection in China
Authors: Zhao Lujing , Chai Yanfen , Li Zhigang
Published: March 2017

Objective

To evaluate the clinical features, risk factors, and prognostic significance of different Stanford types of acute aortic dissection (AAD).

Methods

We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data and prognostic predictors in 105 patients with AAD (37 with Stanford type A and 68 with Stanford type B) at Tianjin Medical University General Hospital and Tianjin 4th Central Hospital from January 2014 to November 2015.

Results

Patients with Marfan syndrome and bicuspid aortic valve constituted 24.3% and 8.1%, respectively, of patients with type A AAD; these proportions were significantly higher than those of patients with type B AAD (7.4% and 0.0%, respectively). The proportion of iatrogenic causes of type A AAD (8.1%) was significantly higher than that of type B AAD (0.0%). Computed tomography angiography showed that the proportion of involvement of the aortic arch and pericardial effusion (86.5% and 18.9%, respectively) in patients with type A AAD were higher than those in patients with type B AAD (23.5% and 5.9%, respectively). Endovascular treatment was performed in a higher proportion of patients with type B than A AAD (70.6% vs. 5.4%, respectively).

Conclusion

Systolic blood pressure, pericardial effusion, periaortic hematoma, conservative treatment, and open surgery were independent predictors of increased mortality in patients with AAD.
Panfungal Polymerase Chain Reaction for Identification of Fungal Pathogens in Formalin-Fixed Animal Tissues
Authors: Meason-Smith Courtney , Edwards Erin E. , Older Caitlin E. , Branco Mackenzie , Bryan Laura K. , Lawhon Sara D. , Suchodolski Jan S. , Gomez Gabriel , Mansell Joanne , Hoffmann Aline Rodrigues
Published: March 2017

Identification of fungal organisms often poses a problem for pathologists because the histomorphology of some fungal organisms is not specific, fresh tissues may not be available, and isolation and identification in culture may take a long time. The purpose of this study was to validate the use of panfungal polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to identify fungal organisms from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues. Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded curls were tested from 128 blocks containing canine, feline, equine, and bovine tissues with cutaneous, nasal, pulmonary, and systemic fungal infections, identified by the presence of fungi in histologic sections. Quantitative scoring of histologic sections identified rare (11.9%), occasional (17.5%), moderate (17.5%), or abundant (53.1%) fungal organisms. DNA was isolated from FFPE tissues and PCR was performed targeting the internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS-2) region, a segment of noncoding DNA found in all eukaryotes. Polymerase chain reaction products were sequenced and identified at ≥97% identity match using the Basic Local Alignment Search Tool and the NCBI database of ITS sequences. Of the 128 blocks, 117 (91.4%) yielded PCR products and high-quality sequences were derived from 89 (69.5%). Sequence and histologic identifications matched in 79 blocks (61.7%). This assay was capable of providing genus- and species-level identification when histopathology could not and, thus, is a beneficial complementary tool for diagnosis of fungal diseases.
Ethnic markets and community food security in an urban “food desert”
Authors: Joassart-Marcelli Pascale , Rossiter Jaime S , Bosco Fernando J
Published: March 2017

In recent years, the concept of food desert has come to dominate research and policy debates around food environments and their impacts on health, with mounting evidence that low-income neighborhoods of color lack large supermarkets and therefore may have limited access to fresh, affordable, and healthy foods. We argue that this metaphor, which implies an absence of food, is misleading and potentially detrimental to the health of poor and racially diverse communities because it ignores the contribution of smaller stores, particularly that of so-called ethnic markets. Current applications of the food desert concept in this setting reflect classed and racialized understandings of the food environment that ignore the everyday geographies of food provision in immigrant communities while favoring external interventions. Our investigation of ethnic markets in City Heights, a low-income urban neighborhood in San Diego with a diverse immigrant population, offers evidence of their positive role in providing access to affordable, fresh, healthy, and culturally appropriate foods. Our results contribute to research by providing a nuanced description of the food environment beyond access to supermarkets, focusing specifically on immigrant neighborhoods, and pointing to ethnic markets as valuable partners in increasing food security in diverse urban areas.
Nazism, neoliberalism, and the Trumpist challenge to democracy
Authors: Bessner Daniel , Sparke Matthew
Published: March 2017

Trumpism demands that scholars rethink the categories commonly used to critique authoritarian and pro-market regimes. We seek here to contribute to this rethinking with a series of reflections on how the terms “Nazi” and “neoliberal” cannot be used without careful consideration of the ways in which they complicate one another. In particular, we suggest that scholars must be careful about comparing Trumpism to Nazism, because, in the past, the “Weimar analogy” was used to justify anti-democratic structures of governance. The latter is an important trap to avoid, because we ultimately conclude that Trump’s monstrous merging of neoliberal and Nazi tendencies can only be overcome with democratic struggle.
Graft Utilization in the Bridging Reconstruction of Irreparable Rotator Cuff Tears: A Systematic Review
Authors: Lewington Matthew R. , Ferguson Devin P. , Smith T. Duncan , Burks Robert , Coady Catherine , Wong Ivan Ho-Bun
Published: March 2017

Background:

Rotator cuff tears are one of the most common conditions affecting the shoulder. Because of the difficulty in managing massive rotator cuff tears and the inability of standard techniques to prevent arthropathy, surgeons have developed several novel techniques to improve outcomes and ideally alter the natural history.

Purpose:

To systematically review the existing literature and analyze reported outcomes to evaluate the effectiveness of using a bridging graft reconstruction technique to treat large to massive irreparable rotator cuff tears.

Study Design:

Systematic review.

Methods:

A systematic search of PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, and CENTRAL was employed with the key terms “tear,” “allograft,” and “rotator cuff.” Eligibility was determined by a 3-phase screening process according to the outlined inclusion/exclusion criteria. Data in relation to the primary and secondary outcomes were summarized. The results were synthesized according to the origin of the graft and the level of evidence.

Results:

Fifteen studies in total were included in this review: 2 comparative studies and 13 observational case series. Both the biceps tendon and the fascia lata autograft groups had significantly superior structural integrity rates on magnetic resonance imaging at 12-month minimum follow-up when compared with their partial primary repair counterparts (58% vs 26%, P = .036; 79% vs 58%, P < .05), respectively. Multiple noncomparative case series investigating allografts, xenografts, and synthetic materials for bridging reconstruction of large to massive rotator cuff tears demonstrated high structural healing rates (74%-90%, 73%-100%, and 60%-90%, respectively). Additionally, both comparative studies and case series demonstrated a general improvement of patients’ functional outcome scores.

Conclusion:

Using a graft for an anatomic bridging rotator cuff repair results in improved function on objective testing and may be functionally better than nonanatomic or partial repair of large to massive rotator cuff tears. Allograft or xenograft techniques appear to be favorable options, given demonstrated functional improvement, imaging-supported graft survival, and lack of harvest complication risk. More high-quality randomized controlled studies are needed to further assess this technique.
Arthroscopic Hip Surgery in the Elite Athlete: Comparison of Female and Male Competitive Athletes
Authors: Shibata Kotaro R. , Matsuda Shuichi , Safran Marc R.
Published: March 2017

Background:

Few studies have published the results of hip arthroscopic surgery in elite athletes and none studying a significant number of elite female athletes.

Purpose:

(1) To compare sex-based differences in the ability to return to prior competitive sports activity after arthroscopic hip surgery. (2) To compare sex-based differences in the type of sports activity, diagnosis, and treatment in athletes requiring hip arthroscopic surgery.

Study Design:

Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3.

Methods:

Data on all elite athletes who underwent primary hip arthroscopic surgery between 2007 and 2014 were included. Athletes with a Hip Sports Activity Scale (HSAS) score of over 6 were identified. The preoperative evaluation included a medical history, history of sports activity, and hip-specific outcome scores (Modified Harris Hip Score [MHHS] and International Hip Outcome Tool–33 [iHOT-33]). Surgical findings and time to return to competitive sports were documented.

Results:

Of 547 hips in 484 consecutive patients, 98 elite athletes (49 female) with a mean follow-up of 18.9 ± 12.8 months were identified. Eighty patients desired to return to their original competitive activity: 38 were female (42 hips; mean age, 21.5 ± 3.9 years), and 42 were male (54 hips; mean age, 20.5 ± 1.9 years). Moreover, 84.2% of female athletes and 83.3% of male athletes were able to return to the same level of competition at a mean of 8.3 ± 3.0 and 8.8 ± 2.9 months, respectively. Significant improvements between preoperative and postoperative outcome scores were seen in both groups (all P < .0001). Female athletes had more pincer femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) ( P = .0004) and instability ( P < .0001). Conversely, male athletes were diagnosed more commonly with combined FAI ( P < .0001), demonstrated greater acetabular cartilage damage ( P = .0004), and required microfracture more often ( P = .0014). Female athletes competed more frequently in flexibility (4/38, 11%; P = .047) and endurance (9/38, 24%) sports, while male athletes participated in cutting (14/42, 33%), contact (6/42, 14%), and asymmetric (13/42, 31%) sports more often. Patients who returned to their baseline level of competition had a shorter duration of symptoms preoperatively ( P = .001). Microfracture status did not affect the ability to return to sports.

Conclusion:

Female and male elite athletes were able to return to competitive sports activity at the same or higher level after hip arthroscopic surgery at a similar rate, although their performance in sports was not measured. Distinct differences in the diagnosis, treatment, and type of sports activity between sexes were seen. The duration of symptoms negatively correlated with outcomes. Microfracture did not affect the return to sports.
The Social Unconscious in Action: Linking Theory to Group Work with Young Adults
Authors: Geyer Connie
Published: March 2017

Analysing unconscious anxieties and defences is essential to psychoanalytically informed approaches, including group analysis. While psychoanalysis focuses on the intrapsychic reality of the individual, group analysis studies the interrelations between intrapsychic and social realities as they are revealed in groups. Here, the concept of the ‘social unconscious’ has gained prominence in recent years. However, while there is an extensive body of work on the unconscious in psychoanalysis, the group analytic concept of the ‘social unconscious’ and its clinical applications are less well understood. In the first part of the article, theoretical contributions towards defining the ‘social unconscious’ are critically reviewed and discussed. In the second part of the article, the possibilities and limitations of the concept for understanding psychosocial processes are examined in relation to an anonymised vignette from a mentalization-informed psychotherapy group for young adults with a range of emotional difficulties. The article concludes with a summary and reflections.
Give Me Your Tired, Your Poor? Support for Social Citizenship Rights in the United States and Europe
Authors: Oser Jennifer , Hooghe Marc
Published: March 2017

This article investigates whether the commitment to social rights as integral to a well-functioning democracy exists among Americans in comparison with their European counterparts. In our comparison of data from the European Social Survey in 2012 with a special parallel module of the U.S. Cooperative Congressional Election Survey in 2014, the findings suggest that similar conceptions of ideal democracy are found on both sides of the Atlantic. Although Americans are less likely than Europeans to consider fighting poverty and reducing income inequality as important democratic ideals, the analysis shows that the United States is not exceptional in the existence of a social rights conception of democracy. A distinct feature of U.S. public opinion is that support for social rights is more strongly associated with a left-right divide than in Europe. The observed congruence between policy and public opinion in the United States highlights the importance of investigating the direction of causality between both phenomena.
A review on erosion studies of fiber-reinforced polymer composites
Authors: Vigneshwaran S , Uthayakumar M , Arumugaprabu V
Published: March 2017

Composite materials are emerging in present-day scenario, since its high performance extend their use in several industrial applications. With the expansion in utilization of these materials in new areas, it is very crucial to examine their tribological performance extensively. Presently, many researches have been carried out to find the tribological characteristics of polymers. The objective of this review is to present inclusive information on erosion effect on fiber-reinforced polymer composites. Broad study has been made on erosive response of polymers with the addition of filler material and fiber influence. Further the review extends on statistical methods which are used in evaluating the erosion characteristics of composites.
Racial Politics and Racial Self-Identification: A Case Study of Arizona, 2010-2011
Authors: Cabrera Nolan L. , Holliday Matthew R.
Published: March 2017

This study examines the relationship between Arizona’s anti-Latina/o policies and changing patterns of racial self-identification for students at the University of Arizona. Using institutional data and the university’s Entering Student Survey, we explored trends in racial/ethnic self-identification between two cohorts of students: one before and one after the summer of 2010 (passage of SB1070, HB2281, and Proposition 107). Descriptive analyses revealed that both White and Latina/o students declined to state a racial/ethnic background at substantially higher rates after the passages of the bills. After the passage of the legislation, Latina/os used “Mexican” identifiers at substantially lower rates and “White” identifiers at substantially higher rates. Implications are discussed for racial/ethnic self-identification and higher education practice.
Likert Scales Require Validation before Application - Another Cautionary Tale
Authors: Michalopoulou Catherine
Published: March 2017

Investigating the structure and assessing the psychometric properties of Likert scales before their application is a prerequisite of scaling theory. However, there are instances in the literature where Likert scales that were developed as a multidimensional measurement of the underlying construct have been applied without first validating their structure and reporting on their reliability. In this paper, to discourage such applications, the required sequence of decisions for such an investigation and assessment based on current theory and practice is demonstrated using the Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire Short-form (PSQ-18), a six-dimensional Likert measurement instrument. Although the findings did not confirm the dimensionality of the PSQ-18, they did provide an overall valid and reliable scale, emphasizing the need of validating its structure before application.
Longitudinal Measurement Invariance of the Women’s Agency Scale
Authors: Cheong Yuk F. , Yount Kathryn M. , Crandall Alice Ann
Published: March 2017

We investigate the Women’s Agency Scale (WAS) using 2006-2012 panel data for 4,012 married women from the Egyptian Labor Market Panel Survey. A confirmatory factor analysis shows women’s agency is a multidimensional factor and its structure is invariant across time. Pending further cross-cultural and longitudinal validation, the WAS appears to be a valid measure to assess changes in women’s ability to exercise choice over time, with important implications for testing the impact of women’s empowerment programs and for monitoring progress towards achieving the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) Five of gender equality and to empower women and girls.
L’identification de profils spécifiques dans les enquêtes avec les liens PEM et l’analyse de réseaux sociaux
Authors: Barré Germain
Published: March 2017

The Identification of Specific Profiles in Surveys with PEM (Percentage of Maximum Deviation) Links and Social Network Analysis. This paper presents an approach for identifying specific profiles in surveys. Once analyzed with social network analysis tools, the PEM links obtained from the cross-tabulations make it possible to identify subsets of modalities, thus making it possible to identify specific profiles of individuals.
Réseaux et Centralité(s) - Workshop GdR AR-SHS 11 octobre 2016 - Université de Rouen
Authors: Le Luyer Diane
Published: March 2017

Networks and Centrality(ies) - GdR AR-SHS Workshop, 11 October 2016 - University of Rouen. On 11 October, the Research Group (GdR) Analysis of Networks in Human and Social Sciences (AR-SHS) organized its first workshop in Rouen, devoted to the notion of centrality in human sciences. The aim of this workshop was to allow the speakers from different disciplines to exchange on the subject through the prism of different approaches and methods. Since the authors were not all able to be present that day, this report of presentations is likely to vary with the program diffused previously.
Cuff Leak Test for the Diagnosis of Post-Extubation Stridor: A Multicenter Evaluation Study
Authors: Schnell David , Planquette Benjamin , Berger Asaël , Merceron Sybille , Mayaux Julien , Strasbach Lucas , Legriel Stéphane , Valade Sandrine , Darmon Michael , Meziani Ferhat
Published: March 2017

Background:

Cuff leak test was developed to predict the occurrence of post-extubation stridor (PES). This study evaluated the diagnostic performance of this test in unselected critically ill patients.

Methods:

Multicenter prospective study including unselected ventilated patients at the time of their first planned extubation. The diagnostic performance of 4 different cuff leak tests was assessed.

Results:

Post-extubation stridor occurred in 34 (9.4%) of 362 included patients. Compared to patients without PES, patients with PES required more frequently reintubation (6 [17.6%] vs 26 [7.9%], P = .041), prolonged duration of ventilation (6 [3-13] vs 5 [2-9] days, P = .029), and longer intensive care unit (ICU) stay (12 [6-17.5] vs 7.5 [4-13] days, P = .018). However, ICU mortality was similar in both groups (1 [2.9%] vs 23 [7.0%], P = .61). The 4 cuff leak tests display poor diagnostic accuracy: sensitivities ranging from 27% to 46%, specificities from 70% to 88%, positive predictive values from 14% to 19%, and negative predictive values from 92% to 93%.

Conclusion:

Post-extubation stridor occurs in less than 10% of unselected critically ill patients. The several cuff leak tests display limited diagnostic performance for the detection of PES. Given the high rate of false positives, routine cuff leak test may expose to undue prolonged mechanical ventilation.
Analgesic Effect of Maternal Human Milk Odor on Premature Neonates: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Baudesson de Chanville Audrey , Brevaut-Malaty Véronique , Garbi Aurélie , Tosello Barthelemy , Baumstarck Karine , Gire Catherine , Cozannet Romain Le
Published: March 2017

Background:

Two studies have demonstrated an analgesic effect of maternal milk odor in preterm neonates, without specifying the method of olfactory stimulation.

Research aim:

This study aimed to assess the analgesic effect of maternal milk odor in preterm neonates by using a standardized method of olfactory stimulation.

Methods:

This trial was prospective, randomized, controlled, double blinded, and centrally administered. The inclusion criteria for breastfed infants included being born between 30 and 36 weeks + 6 days gestational age and being less than 10 days postnatal age. There were two groups: (a) A maternal milk odor group underwent a venipuncture with a diffuser emitting their own mother’s milk odor and (2) a control group underwent a venipuncture with an odorless diffuser. The primary outcome was the Premature Infant Pain Profile (PIPP) score, with secondary outcomes being the French scale of neonatal pain—Douleur Aiguë du Nouveau-né (DAN) scale—and crying duration. All neonates were given a dummy.

Results:

Our study included 16 neonates in the maternal milk odor group and 17 in the control group. Neonates exposed to their own mother’s milk odor had a significantly lower median PIPP score during venipuncture compared with the control group (6.3 [interquartile range (IQR) = 5-10] versus 12.0 [IQR = 7-13], p = .03). There was no significant difference between the DAN scores in the two groups ( p = .06). Maternal milk odor significantly reduced crying duration after venipuncture (0 [IQR = 0-0] versus 0 [IQR = 0-18], p = .04).

Conclusion:

Maternal milk odor has an analgesic effect on preterm neonates.
No Place for a Feminist: Intersectionality and the Problem South: SWS Presidential Address
Authors: Rushing Wanda
Published: March 2017

Perceptions of the American South as being no place for a feminist continue to affect and inform decisions about research and activism in the region. By taking a closer look at Memphis and the American South, and by questioning longstanding assumptions, stereotypes, and omissions about the region, we create additional opportunities for further discussion about the complexities of feminism, intersectionality, and place. I challenge two common assumptions about the South. The first is the assumption that southern feminists are rare, or nonexistent, and have had little influence on developing feminist perspectives or pursuing social activism as local initiatives. The second assumption involves the concept of the Problem South and the propensity of scholars, journalists, and activists to fall back on old ideas about southern exceptionalism, and to emphasize continuities between the Old South and New South while minimizing discontinuities. In challenging these assumptions, I review the significance of intersectionality and suggest that paying attention to region and place offers an additional level of complexity and explanatory power for understanding social phenomena, including gender, sexualities, and social movements, as well as southern feminism and the Problem South.
Mobile and Dirty
Authors: Schlosser Stephan , Mays Anja
Published: March 2017

In this article, we present a study on the data quality and the response process of mobile online surveys using an experimental design as compared to a standard computer. We used the following indicators to measure data quality and response properties: reaction time to survey invitation, break-off rate, item nonresponse, length of responses to open-ended questions and survey transmission, processing, and completion time. With regard to completion time, we also explored the significance of the place as well as the situation in which the survey was completed, the kind of Internet connection the respondents had as well as the hardware properties of the devices used to answer the online survey. Our results suggest comparable data quality and response properties in most aspects: There were no noticeable differences between computer and mobile users as regards break-off rate, item nonresponse, and length of responses to open-ended questions, nor the place where the survey was completed. However, it took respondents in the mobile group longer to complete the survey as compared to respondents answering the online survey on their computer. In terms of the completion time, there was a significant decrease in the differences between mobile devices and PCs when respondents used technically advanced mobile devices and had access to a fast Internet connection.
Discrimination and Other Education Barriers, School Connectedness, and Thoughts of Dropping Out Among Latina/o Students
Authors: McWhirter Ellen Hawley , Garcia Eric A. , Bines Derrick
Published: March 2017

We test two models in which Latina/o students’ school connectedness partially mediates the relationship between barriers (discrimination experiences at school and other educational barriers, respectively) and thoughts of dropping out of high school. Results of a moderated mediator analyses in a sample of 896 Latina/o high school students were consistent with hypotheses. Latina/o students who reported greater frequency of discrimination experiences and those who reported greater frequency of other barriers that affect how they are doing in school were more likely to have thoughts of dropping out, and these relationships were attenuated by school connectedness. A hierarchical regression indicated that discrimination experiences, other educational barriers, and school connectedness each contributed unique variance to thoughts of dropping out. Findings highlight the salience of efforts to reduce discrimination in schools and enhance school connectedness as a potential protective factor for Latina/o youth. Implications for dropout prevention are discussed.
Lacosamide-Induced Recurrent Ventricular Tachycardia in the Acute Care Setting
Authors: Berei Theodore J. , Lillyblad Matthew P. , Almquist Adrian K.
Published: March 2017

Lacosamide is a new-generation antiepileptic drug (AED) most commonly used adjunctively in the setting of partial-onset seizures refractory to traditional therapy. We describe the first case report, to our knowledge, of a patient who developed recurrent, sustained ventricular tachycardia with multiple administrations of lacosamide in an acute setting. A 70-year-old woman with a history significant for valvular heart disease was admitted to the inpatient cardiology service for worsening heart failure. On hospital day 7, she received a bioprosthetic aortic valve. Prior to surgery and immediately after, the patient’s electrocardiogram (ECG) was normal. After developing multiple generalized tonic–clonic seizures refractory to levetiracetam, fosphenytoin, and valproic acid, the decision was made to initiate lacosamide. Two hours following the second lacosamide dose, the patient developed a wide complex QRS that transitioned into sustained ventricular tachycardia requiring electrical cardioversion. Sustained ventricular tachycardia occurred again, just hours after the third dose of lacosamide was given. Following cessation of lacosamide, the patient’s QRS interval normalized and has since had no documented episodes of ventricular tachycardia. Clinicians should be aware of the potential for life-threatening rhythmic disturbances in patients initiated on lacosamide and the need for vigilant ECG, electrolyte, and drug–drug monitoring.
An Edition and Translation of The Icelandic Book of Joseph and Aseneth
Authors: Cole Richard
Published: March 2017

The existence of the Icelandic Book of Joseph and Aseneth was first brought to scholarly attention in M.R. James's introduction to Batiffol's Latin edition of 1889. Since then commentators have continued to include the Icelandic tradition in lists of translated versions (often by the shelfmark provided by M.R. James, BL Add MS 11068). However, until now the Aseneth contained in BL Add MS 11068 has remained unedited. This article provides an annotated edition and translation which presents the Icelandic Aseneth in comparison with the exemplar from which it was translated, namely Hans Mogensen's Danish version of 1580. Most importantly, the Icelandic translator, Árni Halldórsson (1630–1687), made an original contribution to the tradition, authoring a unique account of the death of Aseneth from grief.
Rendering David a Servant in Psalm of Solomon 17.21
Authors: Johnson Nathan C.
Published: March 2017

In the quest for Second Temple messianic traditions, Psalm of Solomon 17 serves as an indispensable touchstone. Within the psalm, v. 21 is of particular importance since it introduces the messianic ‘son of David’ for the first time in extant Second Temple literature. Given the importance of this psalm in general and of 17.21 in particular, it is therefore surprising that a translation option for 17.21 has gone unexplored in the last four centuries of scholarship. Through careful examination of external and internal evidence, in addition to the manuscript tradition, this article argues that David's son, rather than Israel, is the Lord's ‘servant’ in Ps. Sol. 17.21, a rendering that is bolstered by and adds to the psalm's position as the Second Temple witness to Davidic messianism par excellence.
Introduction to ‘New Developments in the Theology of Character’
Authors: Knobel Angela , Miller Christian B.
Published: March 2017

This introduction describes the origins and rationale behind the papers that comprise this special issue of Studies in Christian Ethics. These papers represent several recent contributions to scholarship on the theology of character.
High-performance polymeric nanocomposites from phthalonitrile resin and silane surface–modified Ti3AlC2 MAX phase
Authors: Henniche Abdelkhalek , Derradji Mehdi , Wang Jun , Liu Wen-bin , Ouyang Jia-hu , Medjahed Aboubakr
Published: March 2017

In this work, Ti3AlC2 M n+ 1AX n (MAX) phase ceramic nanoparticles were prepared and used as new kind of reinforcement for a typical high-performance phthalonitrile (PN) resin. The synergistic combination of both phases led to nanocomposites with improved thermal and mechanical properties. For instance, the thermal conductivity and tensile properties of the neat resin were highly enhanced upon adding more nanofiller contents. Moreover, the PN resin toughness was ameliorated by 129% at the maximum nanoparticles loading of 15 vol%. The experimental investigations were also compared with predictions from series, Halpin–Tsai, and Kerner models, and a full discussion was provided. A high-resolution transmission electron microscope confirmed the ability of the MAX phase to create a conductive network, especially at high nanofiller amounts. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) analyses of the tensile fractured surfaces revealed positive changes in the morphology, such as an increase in the roughness and amount of hackling as well as the formation of multiple microcracks. The MAX phase also enhanced the thermal stability, stiffness, and glass transition temperature of the neat resin. This work confirms the superiority of the MAX phase ceramics over the traditional ones in enhancing the properties of the PN resin and opens the way for further research in the field.
A locally optimal transition method with analytical calculation of transition length for computer numerical control machining of short line segments
Authors: Du Xu , Huang Jie , Zhu Li-Min
Published: March 2017

Line segments, or G01 codes, generated by computer-aided manufacturing softwares are the most widely used toolpath format for computer numerical control systems. The linear toolpath normally consists of thousands of short line segments due to the high-accuracy requirement of the machined parts. Due to the tangential and the curvature discontinuities at the junction of two segments, the feedrates at the start and the end points of line segment have to be slowed down. In order to increase the feedrates along short line segments, a locally optimal transition method is proposed, which uses a two-step strategy to generate a blended toolpath composed of cubic Bezier curves and line segments. In the first step, the optimal proportional coefficient is represented as the function of the angle between two adjacent line segments, which can be employed to minimize the curvature variation energy of the cubic Bezier curve. In the second step, the local optimization model with the aim to minimize the sum of two curvature extrema is established to determine the optimal transition length. The transition length can be analytically obtained under the constraint of the approximation error and the constraints of the line segment lengths. The simulation and experiment results demonstrate that, by comparison with the conventional transition methods, the proposed method can significantly decrease the machining time but does not increase the contouring error.
Informed consent for opt-in HIV testing via tablet kiosk: an assessment of patient comprehension and acceptability
Authors: Lewis Mitra K , Hsieh Yu-Hsiang , Gaydos Charlotte A , Peterson Stephen C , Rothman Richard E
Published: March 2017

Although implementation of HIV testing in the emergency department has met with some success, one commonly cited challenge is the consent process. Kiosks offer one potential strategy to overcome this barrier. This pilot cross-sectional survey study examined patient comprehension of opt-in HIV testing consent and acceptability of using a kiosk to provide consent. Subjects were guided through a simulated consent process using a kiosk and then completed a survey of consent comprehension and acceptability of kiosk use. Subjects were 50.3% female, Black (74.4%), and had an education level of high school or less (61.3%). Subjects found the kiosk very easy or easy to use (83.9%) and reported they were very or mostly comfortable using the kiosk to consent to HIV testing (89.4%). Subjects understood the required aspects of consent: HIV testing was voluntary (93.0%, n = 185) and that refusal would not impact their care (98.5%, n = 196; 99.0%, n = 197). Following a simulated consent process, subjects demonstrated a high rate of comprehension about the vital components of HIV testing consent. Subjects reported they were comfortable using the kiosk, found the kiosk easy to use, and reported a positive experience using the kiosk to provide consent for HIV testing.
A retrospective study on rapid plasma reagin testing in patients with Pityriasis rosea
Authors: Halteh Pierre , Lipner Shari R
Published: March 2017

Pityriasis rosea (PR) is an acute self-limited exanthem characterized by oval erythematous patches with scale and may be difficult to differentiate from secondary syphilis. A rapid plasma reagin (RPR) test can be used to rule in secondary syphilis with high sensitivity and specificity. A retrospective study was performed on patients at Weill Cornell Medicine, who were diagnosed with PR from 2000 to 2016 and also received RPR testing at the time of diagnosis. The objective was to assess the frequency of secondary syphilis when the initial clinical impression was PR. Only 2/142 patients (1.4%) had a reactive RPR test. Based on our results, we advocate that careful social and sexual histories be taken in all patients presenting with atypical PR and syphilis screening performed if risk factors are present.
Global output feedback position regulation of friction robot manipulators
Authors: Wang Haihong , Su Yuxin , Zhang Liyin
Published: March 2017

This paper resolves the global output feedback asymptotic regulation problem of friction robot manipulators. A simple nonlinear switching proportional-derivative plus gravity compensation controller is proposed. Global asymptotic stability of the closed-loop system is shown with Lyapunov’s direct method. The conditions on controller gains ensuring global asymptotic stability are obtained herein in the form of simple inequalities on some well-known bounds of robot dynamics. Advantages of the proposed controller include the easy implementation and global asymptotic stability featuring faster transient and higher positioning precision. Simulations and experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness and the improved performance of the proposed control.
Audit Partners Gender, Auditor Quality and Clients Value Relevance
Authors: Al-Dhamari Redhwan Ahmed Ali , Chandren Sitraselvi
Published: March 2017

Several corporate scandals around the world have aggravated the investors’ need for reliable and relevant accounting information. In fact, the study is inspired by prior research which suggests women audit partner or auditor possess a higher level of preparation, risk aversion and ethical behaviour in audit process. Thus, we investigated the possible effect of women audit partner on the client value relevance of accounting information on 2,478 firm-year observations from year 2012 to 2014 for Malaysian listed firms. This article uses time series cross-sectional ordinary least squares (OLS) regressions upon a large sample of the Malaysian listed firms. Basically, the regression results indicate that the signing women audit partner from Big-4 audit firms improves the reliability and value relevance of earnings. Furthermore, our additional analysis shows that firms that engaged the women audit partner from Big-4 audit firms report high relevant equity book values. This study provides a valuable contribution on the positive effect of signing women audit partner from Big-4 audit firms on client value relevance of accounting information to researchers, regulators, investors and all other interested parties in financial information.
Science in Theatre—An Art Project with Researchers
Authors: Amaral Sara Varela , Montenegro Mário , Forte Teresa , Freitas Francisco , Cruz M. Teresa Girão da
Published: March 2017

One of the major challenges in contemporary science is to develop new and innovative ways to engage society in science and scientific topics. One attempt to create new ways of communicating with the public has been the use of the artistic languages to explore scientific subjects. Theatre, in particular, allows the exploration of emotions, and to raise awareness of ethical and social questions. This art of expression can therefore have the power to engage people in specific subjects, the science-related included. Here, we present a creative project that articulates science and theatre in order to bridge the communication gap between researchers and the public(s). The European Researchers’ Night (ERN) is an ‘edutainment’ initiative—education plus entertainment—of the European Union that allows people to be closer to researchers and their world. The theatre company Marionet, together with researchers from the University of Coimbra, took the challenge of creating and performing a theatre play that would be part of the Researchers’ Night events. From 2009 onwards, five plays were devised and staged with the active involvement of 38 researchers, as actors, authors or sources of inspiration. In this study, we explored the involvement of the researchers in the artistic process, their motivations, limitations and professional and personal outcomes, as well as the feedback from the public regarding the potential of theatre plays to bring to light the scientific world singularities, and to disseminate scientific ideas.