bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Free and bound forms of sialic acid in blood plasma of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Netronina O. V.
Published: November 2015

The level of free and bound forms of sialic acids (SА) was investigated in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and at different stages of receiving chemotherapy. Determination of sialic acid in blood plasma of patients with CLL before treatment were carried out on the first day and 2 months after taking chemotherapy drugs for combination schemes. Hematologically healthy donors represented the control group. Determination of SA was conducted by thiobarbituric method using trichloroacetic acid for distribution of total sialic acids onto free, protein bound sialic acid, and oligo bound sialic acid. Levelof free sialic acid in serum in chronic lymphocytic leukemia was equal to 43.2% compared to the total number of plasma. On the first day of chemotherapy on background of the general level of oligo bound sialic acids we observed increase in free sialic acid by 24.2% compared to patients not receiving treatment. The level of sialic acids increased 2.6 times compared to norm and featured no significant changes at different stages of treatment. The concentration of sialic acids bound to proteins at 73.4% was lower compared to the control group. After receiving chemotherapy on the first day there was a decline of this indicator to 56.2% compared to groups of patients before treatment. Two months after the treatment the level of all parameters under study returned back to the values obtained at the start of treatment. This data can serve as an additional efficiency criterion of the chemotherapy.
Nanoparticles C60 fullerene prevent reactive gliosis in retina of aged rats under hyperglycemia
Authors: Prischepa I. V. , Prokushenkova O. G. , Nedzvetsky V. S.
Published: November 2015

Reactivation of glial cells, induced by metabolic disorders of glucose utilization and development of oxidative stress in retina under diabetes mellitus, is the key pathogenetic factor of diabetic retinopathy. Nanoparticles of C60 fullerene and some of their water-soluble derivates are known as one of the strongest antioxidants having neuroprotective effect in a number of pathologies and harmful influences. In the present study, for the first time, the effects of nanostructures of hydrated C60 fullerene (C60HyFn) on the expression and polypeptide composition of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in retina of rats with streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes have been evaluated. Using immunoblotting, 1.93-fold up-regulation of GFAP in diabetic rat retina as compared with control was shown, as a result of retinal glial cells reactivation induced by hyperglycemia. Increase in GFAP-immunolabeling associated with the reactive gliosis development in retina of diabetic rats was also confirmed by immuno-histochemical method. Consumption of C60HyFn solution (90 nM) as drinking water by diabetic rats for 12 weeks caused 1.51-fold decrease of GFAP level compared to untreated diabetic animals. In addition, C60HyFn caused statistically significant lowering of glycosylated hemoglobin concentration in blood serum of STZ-diabetic rats 1.58-fold. However, nanoparticles C60 did not affect neither insulin nor glucose levels in blood of diabetic rats. In conclusion, results obtained indicate that protective action of hydrated fullerene in the initial period of diabetic retinopathy of aged animals is realized through suppression of excessive activation of GFAP-positive retinal cells.
Short-term effect of adrenalin on S-100b and N-CAM level in the different rat brain areas
Authors: Kovalchuk Y. P. , Dovban O. O. , Kanga A. M. , Ushakovа G. A.
Published: November 2015

The level of adrenalin grows under stress conditions, sense of danger, anxiety, fear, trauma, burns and shock. In high concentrations adrenaline increases the speed of protein catabolism. Working through the circulatory system, adrenaline affects almost all the functions of organs, causing the body mobilization to counter stressful situations. Due to ELISA the astrocytes-specific protein (S-100b) and neural cell adhesion molecule (N-CAM) were studied. S-100b is produced mainly by astrocytes іn the brain and depending on the concentration it causes trophic or toxic effect on the neurons and glial cells.Strong stress and ischemia induce re-distribution of calcium-binding protein S-100b and elevation of its level. Quantitative changes of S-100b under the influence of various factors on the body which lead to the metabolic disorder in the brain are considered today as a sign of brain damage (cortical, ischemic one, etc.). Fluctuations in the concentration of S-100b in the brain are not always accompanied by marked deterioration of the physical condition of animals, but they can also lead to a number of violations of integrative functions of the brain depending on over-production of this protein. Most N-CAM are transmembrane proteins that cross the plasma membraneonce; intracellular domains have different size and it is thought they are involved in binding to cytoskeleton or cell signaling. Violation of N-CAM functions leads to disruption of nerve sprouts. Data obtained in our study showed no serious re-distribution of S-100b and N-CAM level in the different areas of rat brain (cerebral cortex, hippocampus and thalamus) under effect of adrenalin administered to the animals (under skin) in dosage of 0.45–0.60 mg per rat, 1 time per day during 10 days, probably because of the type of injection and/or short time of adrenalin action. Increased dosage of adrenaline 1 hour before decapitation leads to the decrease of level of total protein in membrane fraction extracted from brain tissue without changing the level of S-100b and N-CAM.
Biochemical mechanisms of skin radiation burns inhibition and healing by the volumetric autotransplantation of fibroblasts and of keratinocytes with fibroblasts composition
Authors: Altukhova L. V. , Kot K. V. , Kot Y. G. , Morozova K. S. , Persky Y. E.
Published: November 2015

Mechanisms of influence of volumetric autotransplantation of fibroblasts and of the mixture of fibroblasts and keratinocytes on the development of the local 3rd degree X-ray burn and the radiation skin ulcer in guinea pigs were investigated. We used deepadministration into the irradiation zone on its perimeter of 6 doses, which contained (150–160)×103 fibroblasts and (130–140)×103 keratinocytes in 100 µl. It is shown that this autotransplantation carried out 1 hour after the irradiation, and then every 24 hours, reduces the area of burn on the 35th day, compared to the control by 63%. Radiation ulcer appears on the 10th day after irradiation and is completely healed on the 25th day. With the same regimen of administration of only fibroblasts containing (200–210)×103 cells in 100 µl, these parameters of treatment were equal to 31% on 4th and 35th day, respectively. It is shown that as a result of radiation in the area of burn the level of gene expression of collagen types I and III, elastin, fibronectin, vinculin, decorin, hyaluronansynthases 1, 2, 3, matrix metalloproteinases 1, 2, 3, 7, 9 and hyaluronidase is reduced. Besides, in the burn area the level of gene expression of transforming growth factor α, fibroblast growth factors 1, 2, 8 and anti-inflammatory cytokines – interleukin 10 and transforming growth factor-β1 – is reduced, while the level of gene expression of proinflammatory cytokine (interleykin1β) increases. Both types of autotransplantation cause the growth of the expression level of all the structural genes and regulatory proteins of biopolymers and decrease in the expression level of interleukin 1β, which leads to activation of tissue regeneration and healing of the burn wound. Reasonsfor the higher efficiency of autotransplantation using the mixture of fibroblasts and keratinocytes compared to autotransplantation by fibroblasts only are both the larger total number of live cells regularly replacing dead cells in the burn area, and mutual stimulation of auto-fibroblasts and auto-keratinocytes to proliferate and to synthesize biologically active substances, i.e. cytokines and growth factors.
Populations of Transcarpathia and Bukovina on the genetic landscape of surrounding regions
Authors: Utevska O. M. , Chukhraeva M. I. , Agdzhoyan A. T. , Atramentova L. A. , Balanovska E. V. , Balanovsky O. P.
Published: November 2015

The territory of present-day Ukraine is subdivided into some regions with specific demographic and politic history. Nevertheless, the corresponding subdivision in genetic structure is not revealed in previous investigations: populations of Ukrainians under study were genetically homogeneous on SNP markers of Y chromosome. In the current investigation we studied the Y-chromosomal genetic structure of Transcarpathia and Bukovina populations. Several factors exist to expect the genetic specificity of these populations. Both ones are placed in the Carpathian foothills, at the south-western border of the Ukrainian area. During the last millennium these territories were the parts of different states and were open for ethnically diverse migrations. It was revealed that the major Y chromosomal haplogroups in Transcarpathia population were R1a1a1*(М198), I2a (Р37.2), R1a1a1g (М458), E1b1b1a1 (M78). The major haplogroups in Bukovina population were I2a (Р37.2), R1a1a1*(М198), R1a1a1g (М458), R1b1b2 (М269), E1b1b1a1 (M78), I1 (М253). The Bukovina population differs from the typical Ukrainian population by higher frequency of I2a (Р37.2) and lower frequency of R1a1a1*(М198). Moreover, this is the only population among ones studied in Ukraine where the most frequent haplogroup is I2a (Р37.2) but not R1a1a1*(М198). Such a deviation can be caused by possible mixing with neighbouring southern groups, and Carpathian mountains were not a border for exchange in this case. Interestingly, the haplogroup N1c (M178) is not revealed in Transcarpathia at all, obviously due to the mountain barrier. It was revealed by principal component analysis that Ukrainians from Transcarpathia and Bukovina despite some specific peculiarities are more similar to other Ukrainian populations than to the surrounding ethnic groups such as Poles, Slovaks, Hungarians, Romanians, Moldavians and Gagauzes. Ukrainians of Transcarpathia and Bukovina form the entire genetic continuum with the whole Ukraine on maps of gene distances, confirming the homogeneity of Ukrainian parental gene pool and it’s differentiation from other groups. After performing the analysis of Y-haplogroup spatial distribution, it is supposed that the northern ridges ofCarpathian mountainsare the East-European barrier decreasing the gene flow. It decreases the spreading of haplogroups N1c (М178) and R1a (М198) southward and movement of E1b (М78), R1b (М269), J (М304) and G (М201) northward.
The dynamics of biofilm overgrowth of Enterococcus faecalis
Authors: Synetar E. A. , Brych O. I.
Published: November 2015

The nature of microorganisms can exist in two physiological forms that allow microbes to preserve livelihoods and continue their life cycle. The first is the population of planktonic forms of microorganisms which live freely in the environment with the developed systems of active and passive mobility, contributing to the rapid spread of a liquid medium. The second forms are those expressing specific mechanisms of adhesion, and able to aggregate on biogenic and abiogenic surfaces. Even in the deep sea vast number of species of bacteria live in their inherent horizons. Thus, the study of biofilms tube life support systems, diagnostic, laparoscopic devices during prolonged catheterization of the urinary system is of great practical, theoretical and biological significance in medicine and biology. For almost 20% of catheter-associated infections antibiotic therapy is uneffective, particularly through the formation of microbial biofilms on the surface of urinary catheters. We characterized the dynamics of biofilm growth of Enterococcus faecalis on fragments ofsilicone catheter. The study was conducted using bacteriological and electron microscopic techniques. Study of the dynamics of biofilm formation was performed using E. faecalis strain 49, which is isolated from the urine of persons who are not the patients of the urological department of resuscitation and intensive therapy. Using scanning electron microscopy we have established dynamics and phase attachment ofE. faecalis bacteria and subsequent overgrowth of silicone catheter surface. Aftercalculations, index of adhesion on the turbulent wall amounted to 0,49 microbial cells. That is, every other cell of the monolayer adhered on the catheter. Area of biofilm growth of E. faecalis after 24 hour incubation was equal to 51.5 μm2, in 48 hours it increased to 231.5 μm2. After 72 hours of incubation we recorded the increase in biofilm growth of E. faecalisto 1922,8 μm2. The results were obtained on fragments of catheters, immersed in broth in vertical position. This orientation has excluded the deposition of germs by sedimentation, i.e. by gravity. It is known that after the logarithmic phase and achieving M-concentration for a few hours microbes starttodie and their possible deposition mayoccur. Therefore, our results confirm the formation of biofilm, instead of sedimentation of dead microbes. Our study shows that biofilm is “the way of overgrowth on artificial and natural surfaces by microorganisms that are kept on them by exopolymer membranes”.
The patterns of utilization of sulfate and nitrate ions by bacteria Desulfomicrobium sp. CrR3 and Desulfovibrio desulfuricans Ya-11
Authors: Dorosh L. S. , Peretyatko T. B. , Gudz S. P.
Published: November 2015

The aim of this work was to study the patterns of utilization of sulfate and nitrate ions by bacteria Desulfomicrobium sp. CrR3 and Desulfovibrio desulfuricans Ya-11 under different cultivation conditions. Chromium-resistant sulfate-reducing bacteria Desulfomicrobium sp. CrR3 and D. desulfuricans Ya-11 were used. Bacteria were grown in Posgate C medium at 30°C in 25 ml test tubes under anaerobic conditions. To test the ability of bacteria Desulfomicrobium sp. CrR3 and D. desulfuricans Ya-11 to use various substances and ions as electron acceptors, they were incubated in potassium phosphate buffer (10 mM, pH 7) with sulfate, nitrate and nitrite ions in concentrations of 1, 5 and 10 mM. At various concentrations of sulfate ions (1, 5 and 10 mM), biomass of bacteria Desulfomicrobium sp. CrR3 and D. desulfuricans Ya-11 increased with the increase of concentration of electron acceptor, the maximum biomass was equal to 3.65 and 3.05 g/l at 10 mM of sulfate ions, respectively. With the increase of concentration of nitrate ions to 5 mM the biomass increased by 70% compared to the biomass of bacteria grown in the medium with nitrate ions at the concentration 1 mM. The maximal biomass was determined in the presence of nitrate ions at a concentration of 10 mM – 3.78 and 3.15 g/l for bacteria Desulfomicrobium sp. CrR3 and D. desulfuricans Ya-11, respectively. It is found, as a result of incubation of bacteria Desulfomicrobium sp. CrR3 and D. desulfuricans Ya-11, that by introducing sulfate ions at a concentration of 5 mM bacteria Desulfomicrobium sp. CrR3 used 98%, while D. desulfuricans Ya-11 used only 86%, and under these conditions hydrogen sulfide has been detected in the incubation mixture at the concentration of 0.8–1.0 mM. In the presence of 10 mM of sulfate ions efficiency of electron acceptors utilization was equal to 85–95% for both strains. Bacteria Desulfomicrobium sp. CrR3 intensively used nitrate ions, the efficiency of electron acceptor utilization at 10 mM was equal to 92.8%, while for D. desulfuricans Ya-11 the usage percent amounted to 73% only, and nitrite ions were not observed after three days of incubation. It is established that bacteria Desulfomicrobium sp. CrR3 and D. desulfuricans Ya-11 are capable to use sulfate and nitrate ions as electron acceptors in the process of the disimilatory sulfate and nitratre reduction. As a result of the study of patterns of nitrate utilization by Desulfomicrobium sp. CrR3 and D. desulfuricans Ya-11 it is found that bacteria use nitrate as a nitrogen source for biosynthetic processes, and as electron acceptors. Under these conditions nitrates are reduced to nitrites, and then they are turned to ammonium.
Comparison of gene expression of metallothioneins, ubiquitin and p53 in fibroblasts from lung and skin of rats of different age
Authors: Kot Y. G. , Kot E. V. , Morosova E. S. , Persky E. E. , Gritsenko M. A. , Bulankina N. I.
Published: November 2015

We studied gene expression of five metallothioneins (MT 1-5), ubiquitin and protein p53 and their products in fibroblasts culture of the skin and lungs of white rats of different ages (2 weeks, 1, 3, and 24 months) and determined its (metallothionein 1-5 types, ubiquitin, p53) product quantity. All these proteins are protective ones, but perform their functions by using different mechanisms. Metallothionein bind, transport and excrete ions of bivalent metals, ubiquitin controls the cleavage of the defective and short-lived proteins in the proteasome, protein p53 controls apoptosis, thus ensuring the genome stability. The similarity of age dynamics of gene expression of ubiquitin and MT of cells of both sources has been shown – maximum at 3 months. Expression of p53 gene has a difference: both in the skin and lungs expression increases up to 24 months. Product quantity of p53 has a minimum in the skin at 3 months and remains constant; in the lungs, this value has a maximum at 1 month.
Neutrophils stimulation index in people under consumption of broiler chickens meat at pre-slaughter stress correction
Authors: Grabovskyi S. , Grabovska O.
Published: November 2015

The data about changes in neutrophils stimulation index in men blood after consumption of broiler chicken meat with the natural origin immunomodulators, introduced in feed before slaughter, is presented in this paper. Spleen extract biologically active substances were used as immunomodulators and anti-stressors during pre-slaughter period. Biologically active substances influence on putrescin, spermine and spermidine content in broiler chicken blood before slaughter and on some non-specific resistance indices in people was determined after consumption of broiler chicken meat. Two groups of broiler chickens at one month age were formed for the study. The spleen extract obtained with ultrasound application (I research group) served as biologically active substances was added to the feed of broiler chickens in pre-slaughter period (five days before slaughter). Blood polyamines such as putrescin, spermine and spermidine were determined by the method of High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) on the liquid chromatograph Agilent 1200 (USA). The second experiment was conducted on 10 people. We recruited 10 healthy male medical students (20 years old, on average) after the National Medical license examination. Spleen extract polyamines as immunomodulators and anti-stressors have the most effective influence on total quantity of polyamines in broiler chicken blood. As a result of research, it is found that aerosol introduction of spleen extract into broiler chicken feed reliably increases total quantity of polyamines by 39% and, in particular, spermidine concentration by 34%, and spermine by 40% compared with broiler chickens of the control group. Some non-specific body resistance indices in men blood upon consumption of broiler chicken meat varied within the physiological norm. The neutrophils stimulation index increased in men blood (+0,82) after consumption of meat of broiler chickens to which spleen extract as immunomodulator and anti-stressor was introduced before slaughter (experimental group). The neutrophils stimulation index decreased in men blood (–2,21) after consumption of broiler chickens meat at pre-slaughter stress (control group). The neutrophils stimulation index in men blood of experimental and control groups differed by 34,8%, but did not go beyond the physiological norm. At the final stage of poultry feeding it is necessary to consider pre-slaughter stress and to apply biologically active substances of natural origin, such as spleen extract. The results obtained in the experiment on broiler chickens can be used in studies of non-specific resistance indices of the farm animals for increasing the organism resistance, correction and avoiding of pre-slaughter stress and improvement of product quality
Habilidad de cuidado de cuidadores familiares de niños con cáncer
Authors: Carrillo Gloria Mabel , Sánchez Herrera Beatriz , Barrera Ortíz Lucy
Published: November 2015

Objetivo Determinar la habilidad de cuidado de  cuidadores familiares de niños con cáncer.

Métodos Estudio descriptivo exploratorio de abordaje cuantitativo. Se tomó  una muestra de 85 cuidadores que una vez caracterizados respondieron el inventario de habilidad de cuidado adaptado para el cuidador familiar de personas con enfermedad crónica no trasmisible.

Resultados Se caracterizan los cuidadores familiares por edad, género, nivel socioeconómico,  escolaridad, relación con el familiar cuidado, elementos de soporte  social, tiempo de experiencia y carga del cuidado generada por la discapacidad del receptor. Se revisó el nivel total de habilidad de cuidado y el de cada una de sus dimensiones: conocimiento, valor y paciencia.

Conclusiones Los cuidadores principales son en su mayoría mujeres, madres de los niños con cáncer. El 70,6 % de ellas carece de  la habilidad suficiente para cuidar a sus hijos con cáncer, y 31,8 % tienen un nivel mínimo de habilidad lo que sumado a las demandas de afrontar la realidad de tener un hijo con cáncer, puede ser devastador para los cuidadores familiares y generar alto riesgo para los niños a su cargo.
Conversión de tuberculina en trabajadores del Hospital Universitario San Ignacio y asociación con características demográficas y laborales
Authors: Ruiz Morales Álvaro , Hidalgo Martínez Patricia , Rojas Puentes Juan Carlos , Pulido Arenas Jorge , Mora Garzón Edwin
Published: November 2015

Objetivos: Establecer la prevalencia de positividad, la tasa de conversión de la tuberculina en trabajadores de nuestro hospital y describir las características demográficas y laborales asociadas a esto.

Materiales y Métodos Estudio observacional descriptivo en una cohorte de trabajadores del hospital a los que se les realizó la prueba de tuberculina. Se definió la positividad de la prueba de tuberculina como un resultado mayor o igual a 10 mm y la conversión como un aumento de 6 o 10 mm con respecto a la prueba inicial.

Resultados Se encontró una prevalencia de 23,7 % y una incidencia de conversión de 13,6 % para el punto de corte mayor de 10 mm y 23 % para el punto de corte de 6 mm.  La edad de los sujetos estuvo relacionada a conversión, mientras que no se encontró relación con la ocupación.

Conclusión La probabilidad de transmisión de la tuberculosis en trabajadores del hospital es mayor al de la población general. Deben ser implementadas medidas de promoción y prevención para disminuir la transmisión e incrementar el conocimiento de la tuberculosis asociada al cuidado de la salud en los trabajadores.

 
Experimentando el rechazo y las decepciones del sistema de salud durante la experiencia de dolor crónico en el envejecimiento
Authors: Alvarado García Alejandra María , Salazar-Maya Ángela M.
Published: November 2015

Objetivo Describir la experiencia de los adultos mayores con dolor crónico frente a los servicios de salud.

Métodos Estudio cualitativo tipo teoría fundamentada a 25 adultos mayores con dolor crónico benigno residentes en la ciudad de Medellín y Bogotá. La técnica utilizada para recolectar la información fue la entrevista a profundidad. El análisis se hizo utilizando las herramientas de la teoría fundamentada bajo los lineamientos de Strauss y Corbin.

Resultados El estudio arrojo cinco categorías principales que dejan entrever como los adultos mayores perciben en un primer momento apoyo por parte de los miembros del equipo sanitario, cuando se preocuparon por buscar solución a sus problemas de salud, sintiéndose apoyados. Al pasar el tiempo, cuando se exacerba el dolor y la “crisis“, experimentan decepciones y el calvario de los sistemas de salud, así como las recriminaciones. Lo que los lleva a tomar como mejor opción alejarse del sistema de salud y los adultos mayores pierden la credibilidad en los médicos y el interés por acudir a los servicios de salud.

Conclusiones El estudio permitió describir la experiencia de los adultos mayores con dolor crónico frente a los servicios de salud. La experiencia se vive entre las decepciones y rechazos que deben experimentar, producto de las agudizaciones del síntoma y como los adultos mayores están necesitados de una atención humanizada que pueda de una u otra manera hacer más llevadera su experiencia de dolor crónico.
Anurans of the Urucu Petrol Basin, municipality of Coari, State of Amazonas, northern Brazil
Authors: Prudente Ana Lúcia Da Costa , Sturaro Marcelo José , Travassos Alessandra Elisa Melo , Maschio Gleomar Fabiano , Santos-Costa Maria Cristina
Published: November 2015

We present the first species amphibian list for municipality of Coari, state of Amazonas, Brazil. The list was drawn up as a result of data obtained from specimens deposited in the Herpetological Collection of the Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi and inventories conducted in the Urucu Petrol Base, in 2003-2004 and 2007-2009. Sampling methods included pitfall traps with drift fences and time constrained searches. We considered the data collected by other researchers, incidental encounters and records of dead individual on the road. Fifty four species were recorded. Rhinella gr. margaritifera (n= 68), Adenomera gr. marmorata (n= 59), and Osteocephalus leprieurii (n= 20) were the most collected, while ten species were less collected. Compared with other studies in eastern Amazonia, the region of Urucu presented a large number of anurans. Nonetheless, it ́s not possible to confirm this because the data collected were not standardized among studies. However, further studies by, increasing the sampling effort, could prove this area to be richer in anurans than that observed so far.
New record and geographic distribution map of Enyalius bibronii Boulenger, 1885 (Squamata: Leiosauridae)
Authors: Silva Adilson De Oliveira , Moura Geraldo Jorge Barbosa de
Published: November 2015

Enyalius bibronii Boulenger, 1885 is a Neotropical lizard registered in seven northeastern Brazilian states; in this paper we present the first record of Enyalius bibronii for the state of Alagoas, Brazil, and a distribution map for this species. These records fill the gaps of the geographical distribution of E. bibronii, in the north region of the São Francisco River in Brazil.
The occurrence of Eptesicus chiriquinus Thomas, 1920 (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest with comments on the species’ distribution
Authors: Zortéa Marlon , Zenha Felipe Sampaio Morais , Carrijo Vinycio Araújo
Published: November 2015

This study provides a second recording of the bat Eptesicus chiriquinus (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) for the Atlantic Forest biome in Brazil. A specimen was captured in a native forest near the Contas River in the District of Taboquinhas, municipality of Itacaré, in southern Bahia. In Brazil, this species had sparse known records, although it is previously considered endemic to the Amazon region and the States of Amazonas and Pará. Recently, this species was recorded in the Atlantic Forest of southeastern Brazil. This present record extends over a 1000 km northeast distribution of this species in Brazil.
Un survol de la littérature et la censure
Authors: Umutoni Christine
Published: November 2015

Par le billet de ce compte rendu de Bernard Joubert, Anthologie Érotique de la Censure (Paris : Éditions de La Musardine, 2001) nous aimerions inciter d’autres chercheurs à analyser d’autres aspects de la littérature dite obscène. C’est une littérature riche en plusieurs aspects et qui a été sous-estimée et ignorée. Sa dure traversée en vue de la liberté fut exactement semblable à celle de la condition féminine qui, malgré la bonne volonté de ses partisans ne s’est pas répandue partout dans le monde. Cependant, il faut espérer que grâce aux chercheurs de bonne volonté comme Bernard Joubert, cette littérature trouvera la place qui lui revient, étant donné que le sexe est quelque chose qui fait partie de l’être humain. Cependant, il faut tenir en compte que l’être humain est doué de la capacité de distinguer le bien du mal. Ainsi, si nous prétendons vivre dans un monde libre, il faut que cette liberté soit réelle et que chacun respecte les opinions d’autrui. La multiplicité du genre humain est ce qui constitue sa richesse, mais aussi un sage est celui qui sait accepter les opinions d’autrui. En ce qui concerne l’art, interdire une œuvre d’art sous prétexte d’outrage à la morale est un signe de platitude d’esprit. Toute forme de littérature a une relation étroite avec la société dans laquelle elle est conçue. Enfin, « There is no dirt for art’s sake.»
Presidential Address 2015—Negotiating Sites of Memory
Authors: Ferguson Margaret
Published: November 2015

This text was written as a talk for a particular occasion, the Presidential Address on 9 January 2015 during the MLA Annual Convention in Vancouver, British Columbia. I have not removed the traces of this occasion from the text because they are integral to its argument about sites of memory. I hope my readers will imagine themselves as auditors gathered in a large room in the West Building of the Vancouver Convention Centre, built on the edge of a waterway called Burrard Inlet (fig. 1). That waterway, which is represented in several of the images that accompany this text, had—and still has—a different name in the languages of the indigenous peoples who have inhabited the Vancouver area since before it became part of an American hemisphere. Names, in languages that are ancient but also modern, are a key topic in the reflections that follow.

I'm grateful to you for the gift of your time. Though my talk explores a view of historical time as a multidirectional and multidimensional phenomenon, I'm aware that our shared time in this room goes in one direction in the simple sense that we'll all be older when this session ends, and probably even more hungry, thirsty, and tired than we are now. I've found that the MLA convention sometimes feels like a memory marathon, with special testings of the brain muscles that allow us to recognize faces and recall the first and last names of acquaintances, and even of good friends, whom we haven't seen for a while. Such experiences of remembering and forgetting contributed to my decision to focus on the MLA itself as one of the two sites of memory I want to explore with you this evening. The other site I want to think about is Vancouver, the place where we are now: a modern city built on a site where humans have been living for the last eight to ten millennia (Carlson 12-16).
Absentee Capitalism and the Politics of Conrad's Imperial Novels
Authors: Martin Regina
Published: November 2015

The nature of Joseph Conrad's critique of imperialism, given his novels' pervasive racism, persists as a source of debate. his essay argues that three of his imperial novels, Lord Jim, Nostromo, and Victory, take aim at an emerging system of imperialism organized around the modern, investorowned corporation. his system, referred to here as “absentee capitalism,” was replacing the nineteenthcentury British system of relatively small, familybased irms. he novels idealize the familyowned irm as having a presence of material value, meaning, and afect that contrasts with the wasted value let in the wake of absentee capitalism's invisible and everchanging network of social relations. According to this interpretation, Victory, which has been marginalized in Conrad studies, takes on renewed import for its insight into the relation among imperialism, romance, and modernism in Conrad's oeuvre.
Books on the Move
Authors: Price Leah
Published: November 2015

London, June 2014. I'm queuing outside a downtown church behind a six-foot-tall man whose neck juts into my view every time the lights change at the corner. He's craning for a white van whose walls are lined with hardcovers and paperbacks. Its sponsor, the Quaker Homeless Action Committee, helps readers who are sleeping rough reclaim a right that many citizens take for granted: book borrowing.
Shattered Syllogisms: Andrew Cole's The Birth of Theory
Authors: Montag Warren
Published: November 2015

In the birth of theory, Andrew Cole sets out to prove a thesis that is more audacious than it might first seem: “Theory, as we have known it and practiced it for a century or more, finds its origin in Hegel—and Hegel himself finds his theory, his dialectic, in the Middle Ages” (xiii). In the face of the prevailing indifference, if not hostility, to questions of origin, descent, and inheritance in theory today (although Cole's “today” often seems to refer less to the present than to the francophone sixties and the anglophone eighties), we cannot acknowledge Hegel as the real father of theory, let alone understand the effects of theory's unknown paternity. Cole's statement of purpose is clear enough, and whatever ambiguity remains will be quickly dispelled: Hegel, he argues, “begot” theory and is thus “responsible” for it (x, xi). To position Hegel as the begetter or progenitor of theory, who is by virtue of this fact both causally and legally or morally responsible, is important here: it allows Cole to sort through multiple claimants (or suspects) and extend recognition where he feels it is due but has been denied. From this perspective, to complicate notions of origin and “birth” beyond what the title's Nietzschean reference would authorize—that is, to suggest that theory has neither birth nor origin but emerged through an unevenly developed and historically contingent concatenation of multiple causal series—is nothing more than an evasion, another way of saying that theory has many fathers, an absurdity that amounts to saying that theory has no (legitimate) father. Cole proposes to administer a kind of philosophical paternity test and thus to settle the matter once and for all.
S0502: A SWOG Phase III Randomized Study of Imatinib, With or Without Bevacizumab, in Patients With Untreated Metastatic or Unresectable Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors
Authors: Blanke Charles D. , Rankin Cathy , Corless Christopher , Eary Janet F. , Mulder Karen , Okuno Scott H. , George Suzanne , Heinrich Michael
Published: November 2015

Lessons Learned

Despite having significant rationale, S0502 failed to accrue for a number of reasons. Vetting a trial first, with scientific experts and funding agencies, does not guarantee success, especially when dealing with a rare tumor and/or one with an existing highly effective therapy. In the present case, adding an intravenous drug to an oral medication as part of a regimen expected to be continued for many years likely decreased patient (and physician) convenience and, thus, interest in the study.

Background.

Imatinib mesylate, a potent inhibitor of the KIT and PDGFR tyrosine kinases, is highly effective in the treatment of advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs). However, most imatinib-treated tumors eventually become resistant, accounting for a median progression-free survival of 19–23 months. Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) correlates with poor prognosis in GIST; bevacizumab, a monoclonal antibody against VEGF, is effective in a variety of solid tumors. We postulated combination therapy with imatinib plus bevacizumab would benefit patients with advanced GIST, particularly those reliant on VEGFA-dependent angiogenesis.

Methods.

Patients with metastatic or surgically unresectable GIST were eligible for this phase III open-label clinical trial, S0502. At registration, patients were randomly assigned to either imatinib 400 mg (standard) or 800 mg (patients with exon 9 KIT mutations), or imatinib plus bevacizumab, 7.5 mg/kg i.v. every 3 weeks. Patients were treated to progression, symptomatic deterioration, unacceptable toxicity, treatment delay greater than 4 weeks, or patient choice to withdraw from the study. The primary objective was to determine whether the addition of bevacizumab to imatinib would improve progression-free survival (PFS) in first-line treatment of incurable GIST.

Results.

S0502 opened on April 15, 2008. As of fall 2009, only 12 patients from at least 178 eligible SWOG centers plus those participating through Cancer Trials Support Unit had been entered in the study. Despite an aggressive promotion scheme involving the other cooperative groups and a major GIST patient advocacy group, accrual remained slow. The trial was closed on October 1, 2009, having accrued only 2% of the 572 patients planned. No scientific conclusions were forthcoming because of the small number of patients entered in the study. Two patients of the 6 in the combination arm reported grade 3 toxicities, 1 with proteinuria and 1 with fatigue, upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage, and anemia.

Conclusion.

No conclusions may be drawn from this trial and, thus, the combination of imatinib plus bevacizumab cannot be recommended for use.
The Effect of Satisfaction of Internal Communication in Hotel Organization on Knowledge Management and Job Satisfaction: Focused on Luxury Hotel
Authors:   The Tourism Sciences Society Of Korea, Bong Mi-Hee , Lee Ji-Hyun , Seo Won-Seok
Published: November 2015

The purpose of this study is to define the relationship between communication, knowledge management, job satisfaction in the hotel organization through an empirical study of knowledge management. A proposed model was tested by the technique of structural equation modeling using survey data from the employees in a five-star hotel organization. The results revealed that only horizontal communication satisfaction effects had a positive influence on knowledge management. And it was approved the effect of communication on knowledge management and job satisfaction.
The Influence of Coffee Shop Physical Environment, Nonverbal Communication on the Customer Emotional Responses and Customer Satisfaction
Authors:   The Tourism Sciences Society Of Korea, Kim Young-Joong , Choi Wook-Hee , Chung Youn-Jo
Published: November 2015

This purpose of this study was to understand the influence of physical environment, nonverbal communication of coffee shop and employees on customer emotional responses and customer satisfaction. Based on a total of 304 samples obtained for empirical research, this study reviewed the reliability and fitness the research model and verified a total of 8 hypotheses using the AMOS program. The hypothesized relationships in the model were simultaneously tested through the use of a structural equation model(SEM). The proposed model provided and adequate data fit, χ2=695.047(df 434), p<.001, CMIN/df=1.602, GFI=.877, AGFI=.850, NFI=.849, CFI=.937, RMSEA=.045. The model’s fit, as indicated by these indexes, was deemed satisfactory, thus providing a good basis for testing the hypothesized paths. The SEM showed that social factor(β=.298), paralanguage(β=.402) and proxemics(β=.276) had a significant positive influence on emotional responses. In addition, emotional responses(β=.794) had a significant positive influence on customer satisfaction. Limitations and future research directions are also discussed.
Deprivation of Right to Choose and Unfairness Perception Influencing Switching intention of Hotel Guests under Service Charge System: Focused on the Moderating Effects of Perceived Employees’ Service Attitude
Authors:   The Tourism Sciences Society Of Korea, Lee Myung-Hyun , Lee Hyung-Ryong
Published: November 2015

The service charge system of most hotel enterprises in Korea does not have clear standards, and causes controversies as it requires improvement in terms of execution and distribution. This study referred to the preceding studies to suggest the deprivation feeling of right to choose and the unfairness perception as the two negative factors that the customers can perceive about the current service charge system in Korea, and clarified the impact of these factors on the switching intention that can be negative to the hotel enterprises. It also verified the perceived employees’ service attitude for more meaningful findings. For this purpose, it selected the domestic customers who have visited hotel guest rooms and restaurants in Korea within the last 6 months as the parent population and surveyed 292 of them through a professional research service agency from March 24, 2014 to March 28, 2014 for the analysis. As a result, it was found that both the deprivation feeling of right to choose and the unfairness perception have a significant positive impact on the switching intention and significantly modulate perceived employees’ service attitude.
Social Networking Services(SNS): Motivation, SNS Participation, and Behavioral Intention to Visit Restaurants
Authors:   The Tourism Sciences Society Of Korea, Lee Hye-Sung , Namkung Young
Published: November 2015

The purpose of this study was to 1) examine the effects of SNS users’ five motivations(informational, social, psychological, entertainment and monetary) on two types of participation(passive or active participation) and 2) investigate the effects of two types of participation on restaurant purchase intention. A total of 517 questionnaires were collected from someone who had been using SNS within one month and structural equation modeling analysis was conducted. Results showed that first, social and monetary motivations had positive significant effects on passive participation. Second, psychological motivation had negative significant effects on passive participation. Third, all five motivations had positive effects on active participation and psychological motivation was found as the most influential component. Fourth, two types of participation(passive or active) had positive significant effects on restaurant purchase intention and active participation was more influential than passive participation. Implication and future research ideas were also discussed.
Understanding of Customers’ Participation and Citizenship Behavior in the Restaurant Industry using Critical Incidents Technique
Authors:   The Tourism Sciences Society Of Korea, Cha Sung-Mi , Kim Soo-Youn
Published: November 2015

For the service industry, the roles of customers are the essential element for the successful service delivery because of the service inseparability. This study aims to clarify customers’ participation behavior and citizenship behavior in the restaurant industry using the critical incident technique(CIT). The research was designed to collect the customers’ narrative of those who have visited restaurants in 6 months. Classifications were conduct with 543 narrative. The elements of customer participation behavior include ‘information seeking’, ‘information transmission’, and ‘responsible behavior’. The elements of customer citizenship behavior include ‘helping’, ‘tolerance’, ‘feedback’, and ‘recommend’. This study also shows that managing the customer participation behavior and citizenship behavior is more important than other industries, because service delivery is based on the interaction.
Corporate Sustainable Performances in the Flight Catering Supply Chain: Employing the Web Content Analysis and In-Depth Interviewing Technique
Authors:   The Tourism Sciences Society Of Korea, Kim Joon-Hyeong
Published: November 2015

This study aims to conduct an exploratory study in order to understand aspects of corporate sustainable activities across the flight catering supply chain at the corporate level. In order to achieve this purpose, adopting a convenient and criterion sampling strategy, 7 airlines, 3 global flight caterers and 3 global food suppliers were recruited. In addition, to improve the reliability of the data, this study has also conducted 18 in-depth interviews with the flight catering experts (for example, five airlines, three caterers, four food and three non-food suppliers and three logistics companies). As a result of these in-depth interviews, this study has demonstrated three points as follows. First, this study has found that environmental aspects include reducing emissions, conserving natural resources and waste reduction, recycling and packaging. Furthermore, as far as socially sustainable performances are concerned, whilst issues concerning people within the company are dealt with in two ways including basic human rights and welfare issues, those outside the company and their living environment relates to supporting local communities and health and safety/security issues. Second, there have been some differences in the level of adoption between the players when implementing corporate sustainable performances.
Temple Stay Participants’ Perception on Temple Food, Satisfaction, and Recommendation Intention: Comparative Study of Buddhist and Non-Buddhist
Authors:   The Tourism Sciences Society Of Korea, Park Ki-Oh , Chong Yu-Kyeong
Published: November 2015

This study examines the effect of a Temple Stay Experience Tour, the largely increasing tour in South Korea, on customer’s perception, satisfaction, and recommendation intention on Korean temple food experience with comparative study on Buddhist and non-Buddhist tourists. Temple Stay is an excellent experience tour program that is recognized at home and aboard with the Korean government’s incentives on tourism and change in people’s perception of dietary life after 2002 World Cup. This study verifies the relationship between the temple food experiences, a Temple Stay’s characteristic, on perception, satisfaction, and recommendation intention on temple food. Total of 298 questionnaires have been collected, and 245 of them, subtracting 53 insincere questionnaires were used for a factor analysis. SPSS 22.0 was used for a factor analysis and simple and multimeter retrospective study to examine the effect of temple food experience on perspective, satisfaction, and recommendation intention on temple food. Study result showed that: First, temple food perception had a significant positive(+) effect on perspective. Second, the significant had a significant positive(+) effect on recommendation intention. Third, temple food perception positive(+) effect of temple food perspective on recommendation intention was partially adopted.
Influence of Customers’ Healing Recognition on Selection Attribute and Satisfaction of Hotel Restaurant
Authors:   The Tourism Sciences Society Of Korea, Sohn Eun-Mi , Cho Moon-Soo
Published: November 2015

This study investigated influence relations on selection attributes and satisfaction of hotel restaurant based on healing recognition perceived by customers of hotel restaurant. This study conducted investigation on customers using hotel restaurant and utilized a convenient sampling method. Investigation period was 10 days from June 30 to July 9, 2015, and survey was done through self-administered questionnaire method; total 375 questionnaires were used for empirical analysis. As a result, first, it was found that emotional, cognitive, and social healing recognition of customers had significant influence on physical environment and food which were selection attributes of hotel restaurant. Second, it was found that physical environment and food which were selection attributes of hotel restaurant had significant influence on customer satisfaction.