bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
GEOGRAPHICAL CROSS AND BIOSPHERE: RELATIONSHIPS, SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES
Authors:   Ph.D., Professor, Department of Botany and Ecology, Tashkent State Pedagogical University, Uzbekistan, Avazov Sh. , Saydamatov. F.R. ,   PhD, Associate Professor of the Department of Geography and its Teaching Methodology, Tashkent State Pedagogical University, Uzbekistan, Karimov A.T. ,   4th-year student, majoring in the basics of geography and economic knowledge, Tashkent State Pedagogical University, Uzbekistan, Komilov. J.N. ,   4th year student of geography and economic fundamentals, Tashkent State Pedagogical University, Uzbekistan
Published: September 2024

This article explores the doctrine of the geographic crust and the biosphere, their relationship, similarities and differences, as well as A.A. Grigoriev's theory, landscape crust and epigeosphere, geographic crust and geographic environment, landscape crust, recommendation by I.B. Zabelin replace the concept of the geographic crust with the concept of the biogenosphere, since the origin and development of life took place in the geographic crust, the upper and lower layers of the earth's crust. upper part of the geographic crust Among scientists here are different opinions about the lower limits of the earth's crust, the presence of substances in three states in the geographic crust, that the Biosphere is the outer crust of the Earth, about the composition, structure and boundaries of the biosphere, and the cycle of substances in nature.
Werkzeugkompetenzen von Lehramtsstudierenden im Bereich elementarer Funktionen – Konzeption eines Tests zu den Bedien- und Auswahlkompetenzen bezüglich GeoGebra und Tabellenkalkulation
Authors: Böhm Marco , Holzmann Ralf
Published: September 2024

Digitale Technologien bieten für die Unterrichtsgestaltung vielfältige Möglichkeiten, aber gleichsam auch Herausforderungen für Mathematiklehrkräfte. Der vorliegende Beitrag beschreibt die Testentwicklung zur Messung der Werkzeugkompetenz von Lehramtsstudierenden, bezogen auf Tabellenkalkulation und GeoGebra im Bereich elementarer Funktionen. Darüber hinaus werden Ergebnisse des Testeinsatzes über fünf Semester von zwei Interventionsgruppen vorgestellt.
Unterrichtsintegrierte Förderangebote der Digitalen Drehtür Hessen im Fach Mathematik
Authors: Huth Melanie , Pollok Jasmin , Schreiber Christof
Published: September 2024

Eine unterrichtsintegrierte Förderung für mathematisch interessierte Lernende ist für Lehrkräfte oft herausfordernd im Schulalltag. Die Digitale Drehtür Hessen stellt dafür digitale Lernprogramme für Primar- und Sekundarstufe (Jg. 3 bis 10) bereit. Angelehnt an Renzulli et al. (1981) bearbeiten Lernende projektorientiert mathematische Themen parallel zum Unterricht und kehren dann in den Klassenverband zurück. Im Beitrag wird das Konzept im Fach Mathematik vorgestellt.
Förderung digitaler Lehrkompetenz im Projekt 4 digit.L
Authors: Kowalk Sabine , Sproesser Ute
Published: September 2024

Die Digitalisierung erweitert zweifelsohne die Möglichkeiten guten Mathematik-unterricht digital-gestützt umzusetzen. Um diese Möglichkeiten in der Schule zu nutzen, braucht es jedoch engagierte Lehrkräfte, die im Rahmen von Aus- und Weiterbildung fachdidaktische Potenziale digitaler Werkzeuge diskutieren und dabei ihre professionellen Wissensbestände um technologiebezogene Aspekte erweitern, mit dem Ziel, digitale Werkzeuge gewinnbringend in den Unterreicht zu integrieren. Im Beitrag werden Potenziale digitaler Werkzeuge am Beispiel dynamischer Visualisierungen mathematischer Zusammenhänge beleuchtet, sowie Möglichkeiten berufsbegleitender Fortbildungsmaßnahmen zur Entfaltung professioneller Kompetenzen von Lehrkräften zum Einsatz digitaler Werkzeuge im Mathematikunterricht (digitale Lehrkompetenz) in den Blick genommen. Darauf aufbauend wird das Fortbildungsprojekt „4 digit.L“ zur Förderung digitaler Lehrkompetenz vorgestellt.
Die AR-App „Rechen-StAR“ zur Unterstützung des Zahlverständnisses in der Primarstufe
Authors: Platz Melanie , Bierbrauer Christina , Monz Laura , Alinaghian Moein
Published: September 2024

In diesem Beitrag wird die Augmented Reality App „Rechen-StAR“ vorgestellt, die den kardinalen mit dem ordinalen Zahlaspekt verknüpft: Die App überführt die flächige Darstellung einer (An-)Zahl im realen Zwanzigerfeld in eine linear angeordnete Darstellung im virtuellen Zahlenstrahl. So sollen Kinder beim Schritt vom konkreten Handeln zum Operieren in der Vorstellung unterstützt werden. Der Entwicklungsprozess der App sowie technische Hintergründe werden beleuchtet und didaktisch reflektiert.
Gelingensfaktoren digitaler Transformation im Mathematikunterricht – erste Ergebnisse einer explorativen Studie aus dem Projekt DigiMath4Edu
Authors: Schneider Rebecca , Dilling Frederik , Holten Kathrin , Hörnberger Kevin
Published: September 2024

Im Modellprojekt DigiMath4Edu wird die Implementierung digitaler Medien und Werkzeuge in den Mathematikunterricht in Zusammenarbeit mit 15 Schulen aller Schulformen über drei Jahre organisatorisch und wissenschaftlich begleitet. Dabei wird der Frage nachgegangen, welche Faktoren sich beschreiben lassen, die die Einbindung digitaler Medien und Werkzeuge in den Mathematikunterricht fördern können und so zum Gelingen einer Implementierung in den regulären Mathematikunterricht beitragen. In diesem Beitrag werden erste Ergebnisse der explorativen Studie vorgestellt und diskutiert.
COMPOUND FEED FOR MEAT TYPE PIGS BASED ON THE AVAILABILITY OF AMINO ACIDS
Authors:   All-Russian Research Institute of Physiology, Biochemistry and Nutrition of Animals – Branch of the Federal Research Center of Animal Husbandry – VIZh named after academician L.K. Ernst, NIYAZOV N.S.-A. , PIYNKOVA E.V. ,   All-Russian Research Institute of Physiology, Biochemistry and Nutrition of Animals – Branch of the Federal Research Center of Animal Husbandry – VIZh named after academician L.K. Ernst
Published: September 2024

The article presents the results of research on the use of full-fledged compound feeds in the diet of meattype pigs with an optimal content of metabolic energy, protein and available amino acids, which allow for average daily gains during the growing periods – 480 g and 600 g, and during the fattening period – 830 g with feed consumption per unit increase – 2.83 kg, 2.48 kg and 3.87 kg, crude protein – 509 g, 410 g and 563 g and metabolic energy – 38.5, 32.2 and 49.3 MJ, respectively, and good-quality pork.
Silent Struggle: Analyzing and Comprehending Depression among Rehabilitated Spinal Cord Injured Patients - A Pilot Study
Authors: Devaraj Dr. Suresh , Suresh Dr. Suja , Sankar Suar Mr. Durga
Published: September 2024

The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of depression among rehabilitated Spinal cord injury (SCI) persons and its relationship with sociodemographic characteristics such as gender, age, and marital status. It was a pilot study. A total of 14 individuals with SCI (13 males and 1 woman) who received rehabilitation were studied. Data were collected by using a questionnaire including socio-demographic factors. Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) is a depression assessment tool used to assess the level of depression. The data was analyzed, using Pearson correlation, which revealed a significant relationship between marital status and depression. Interestingly, results revealed that there is no significant differences were observed in relation to age and gender. These findings contribute valuable insights into Depression and its impact on SCI-rehabilitated patients.
Develando monumentos: conflictos sociales y cambios culturales en el proceso de desmonumentalización de dos casos argentinos
Authors: Bugnone Ana
Published: September 2024

Este artículo explora la importancia de la desmonumentalización en la sociedad argentina y su relación con los conflictos sociales actuales. Profundizamos en la naturaleza multidimensional de la desmonumentalización, considerándola más que una mera destrucción física, una reevaluación profunda del papel y significado de los monumentos en la sociedad. Al examinar casos recientes en Argentina, particularmente los monumentos de Julio Argentino Roca y de Juana Azurduy, buscamos comprender los conflictos involucrados en estos procesos y las diversas dinámicas de poder en juego. Nuestra hipótesis sugiere que la desmonumentalización encarna una crisis de representación monumental, desafiando las narrativas establecidas y las imágenes propagadas por ciertos monumentos. Estas acciones sirven como plataformas estético-políticas que articulan visiones alternativas de la historia y la memoria desde las perspectivas de comunidades y grupos subalternizados. La metodología del estudio se basó en la observación in situ de los monumentos, entrevistas a informantes clave, recopilación documental y análisis de los contextos sociohistóricos de ambos casos.
Adaptive strategies and sustainable investments: navigating organizations through a VUCA environment in and after COVID-19
Authors: Minciu Mihaela , Veith Cristina , Dobrea Razvan Catalin , Ionescu Vladimir-Codrin
Published: September 2024

This study delves into the resilience and adaptability of employees within the volatile, uncertain, complex, and ambiguous (VUCA) business environment, examining their readiness to manage effectively and the organizational agility in navigating change, alongside the impact of sustainable investment practices. Employing quantitative methods, a survey was conducted among employees at two pivotal moments: during and after the COVID-19 pandemic restrictions. Factorial analysis revealed a strong preference for participatory work styles and highlighted the critical need for employee involvement in significant decision-making processes. Although the value of sustainable investments was recognized, a noticeable gap was found in employees’ understanding and adaptability towards these investments. The use of the Wilcoxon test illuminated the significant impact of external disruptions, such as the pandemic, on organizational operations and preparedness. The findings underscore the imperative for organizations to champion continuous learning and training, enabling strategic and innovative responses to the challenges unique to the VUCA world. By aligning adaptive interventions with the demands of the VUCA environment, organizations can define a clear trajectory towards sustainable growth and enhance their proactive stance against sudden shifts in the business landscape.
Integrative taxonomy reveals a new species of deep-sea squat lobster (Galatheoidea, Munidopsidae) from cold seeps in the Gulf of Mexico
Authors: Rodríguez-Flores Paula C. , Ambler Julie W. , Nizinski Martha S.
Published: September 2024

The western Atlantic Ocean harbors a diverse fauna of squat lobsters, particularly in the family Munidopsidae. This study introducesMunidopsis sednasp. nov., a species only found in the Gulf of Mexico and the first species reported to be endemic to cold seeps in the western Atlantic. Our investigation incorporates morphological analyses including micro-CT scanning evidence, multilocus molecular phylogeny, and mtDNA phylogeography, as well as ecological data derived from in situ observations and geographic distribution patterns to substantiate the recognition of the new species. Shallow molecular divergences and multiple morphological differences differentiate the new species from its closest relative,M. longimanus(A. Milne-Edwards, 1880). Additionally, we explore the potential scenario for ecological speciation within this newly identified taxon and discuss its significance in the context of conservation efforts in the Gulf of Mexico.
Assessment of the Quality, Reliability, and Popularity of Information About Retinoblastoma on YouTube
Authors: Karaca Berkay Öner , Tellioğlu Adem
Published: September 2024

Purpose

To evaluate the quality, reliability, and popularity of YouTube videos addressing retinoblastoma.

Methods

This was a retrospective, cross-sectional, register-based study. A YouTube search was performed using the keyword retinoblastoma and the first 100 videos that came out were included in the study. Duplicate videos, videos that were not in English, and videos that were less than 1 minute were excluded. The number of views, likes, dislikes, comments, video type (uploaded by physicians, uploaded by public or private institution, uploaded by health channel or uploaded by patients), and country of origin were evaluated for all videos. The popularity of the videos was evaluated with the Video Power Index. The quality of the videos was measured using the DISCERN score (DISCERN),
Journal of the American Medical Association
(JAMA) benchmark criteria, and Global Quality Score (GQS).

Results

Of the 100 videos, 70 videos met the criteria and were included in the study. The mean DISCERN, JAMA, and GQS scores were 42.54 ± 18.77, 2.14 ± 1.03, 2.87 ± 1.42 and 2.99 ± 1.44, respectively. On examining the upload source 18 (25.7%) videos were uploaded by private institutions, 15 (21.4%) videos by physicians, 14 (20.0%) videos by public institutions, 14 (20.0%) videos by health channels, and 9 (12.9%) videos by patients. There was a significant level of agreement between the two commentators evaluating the videos with a power of 91.6% (kappa score: 0.916). Videos uploaded by physicians and public or private institutions had significantly higher DISCERN, JAMA, and GQS scores.

Conclusions

The content of YouTube videos regarding retinoblastoma is generally of moderate quality for patients. Increasing the number of videos uploaded by physicians and public or private institutions will increase the quality, reliability, and informative value of the videos.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
. 2025;62(1):33–38.]
A ritualistic reading of Mark 7:1–23
Authors: Hombana Mphumezi
Published: September 2024

This article examines the ritual dynamics and identity negotiation in Mark 7:1–23, aiming to unpack the complex interaction between ritual practices and social identity in early Christian communities. Drawing on ritual theory from anthropology and sociology, this research analyses the significance of ritual purity and its implications for group identity formation and maintenance. Mark 7:1–23 presents a confrontation between Jesus and the Pharisees about the observance of the handwashing ritual before meals, highlighting opposing understandings of purity and religious tradition between Jesus and the Pharisees. Jesus’s critique of an external ritual of handwashing as an identity marker emphasises the purity of the heart as a valid identity marker for all children of God. Through a ritualistic reading of Mark 7:1–23, this article seeks to explore the role played by rituals in identity formation in antiquity. By engaging with ritual theory as a lens to unpack the Pharisees’ perspective and that of Jesus on what identifies a true child of God, this article aims to offer insights into the complexities of identity as understood by both Jesus’s early movement and the Pharisees.Contribution: This interdisciplinary study of Mark 7:1–23 utilises ritual theory to expose the interaction between ritual practices and identity negotiation within early Christian communities, revealing how Jesus’s critique of external rituals facilitated the formation of a distinctively Christian identity centred on inner transformation and ethical conduct.
Efficacy of Adenoidectomy versus Tympanostomy on the Otitis Media with Effusion: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Alamri Abdullah A. , Amoodi Hosam A. , Alsubaie Shahad A. , Alsehly Areej A. , Alshuaibi Razan O. , Alotaibi Leena A. , Almaghrabi Sahar J. , Mozahim Sarah F. , Mozahim Naif F. , Tonkal Albaraa
Published: September 2024

Background:

This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the current evidence on the efficacy of tympanostomy and adenoidectomy in children with otitis media with effusion in comparison with tympanostomy alone following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement.

Materials and Methods:

We completed a comprehensive search of PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and Cochrane Library databases for relevant studies published in the literature with no date restrictions. We collected the results of the databases search and removed duplicated studies by Rayyan QCRI and EndNote Software X8. We used an Excel sheet for screening titles and abstracts, full text and data extraction. For quality assessment, we used Cochrane Handbook of Systematic Reviews of Interventions 5.1.0 using the quality assessment table provided in Part 2 and Chapter 8.5, and quantitative data synthesis was done using Review Manager (RevMan) software version 5.4.

Results:

The literature search showed 1510 studies, of which five studies were included in data synthesis. The study measured the effect through number of acute otitis media (AOM) episodes, cumulative number of AOM episodes, siblings with Otitis media (OM), hearing level hearing loss scale of the left, and right ears. The pooled effect estimates showed significant difference between tympanostomy with adenoidectomy versus tympanostomy alone in hearing level hearing loss scale of both ears (SMD -0.17, 95% CI [-0.29, -0.05], P-value=0.005). However, the pooled results were not heterogeneous (P < 0.25, I
2 = 24%).

Conclusions:

Tympanostomy with adenoidectomy improves hearing compared to tympanostomy alone, but both treatments have similar effects on ear infection rates. Further research with larger samples is needed to confirm these findings and assess long-term benefits.
Neonatal Gastrointestinal Perforations: A 4-year Experience in a Single Centre
Authors: Gerçel Gonca , Anadolulu Ali Ihsan
Published: September 2024

Background:

Gastrointestinal perforation (GIP) during the neonatal period is still a significant problem despite improved neonatal care. The study aimed to report on incidence, management, morbidity and mortality.

Material and Methods:

Records of neonates with GIPs between October 2018 and November 2022 were retrospectively analysed.

Results:

There were 47 patients, 22 (46.8%) males and 25 (53.2%) females. The incidence of neonatal GIP was 0.39% amongst all newborns treated in the neonatal intensive care unit. The mean gestational age was 30.4 ± 4.5 (23–38) weeks, and the mean birth weight was 1493.08 ± 753 (580–2940) g. Of 47 neonates, 5 (10.6%) were full term and 42 (89.4%) were preterm. The mean age of surgery was 12.25 ± 9.89 (0–41) days. A laparotomy was performed in 43 (91.4%) of 47 neonates, while seven of the patients underwent surgical intervention after decompression by percutaneous drainage. Four patients were managed with peritoneal drainage alone due to poor general condition. The pathologies unrelated to necrotising enterocolitis (NEC) were the most common cause of GIPs (55.3%) and included spontaneous intestinal perforation (n = 18), stomach perforation (n = 4), segmental volvulus (n = 2), acute mesenteric ischaemia (n = 1) and meconium peritonitis (n = 1). Overall survival was 55.4%.

Conclusion:

GIPs are one of the most significant causes of mortality in newborns. The most common cause of perforations is non-NEC entities and can be seen in the entire intestinal system from the stomach to the colon. Surgical exploration is still the primary management model.
Laparoscopic Myomectomy for Huge Uterine Fibroid in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Case Report
Authors: Asaolu Oluseyi Ayoola , Ejenobo David Tolulope Ejiroghene , Alabi Olubunmi Abraham
Published: September 2024

The prevalence of extensive and multiple uterine fibroids among the Black African population is a significant concern, as it limits the available management options. The focus on girl child education and improvement in women empowerment have contributed to an increased demand for less invasive options in the management of uterine fibroids. This trend aims to improve cosmesis and, more importantly, facilitate an early return to work and normal activity. In sub-Saharan Africa, the available management options for uterine fibroids have primarily been limited to abdominal myomectomy and hysterectomy. However, anecdotal reports indicate the use of less invasive management options such as uterine artery embolization, laparoscopic radiofrequency ablation, and laparoscopic myomectomy. These interventions are reserved for small- and medium-sized fibroids, with the largest being <15 cm and usually not more than five myoma nodules. We present a case report of laparoscopic myomectomy for a huge uterine fibroid weighing 2.4 kg in a nulliparous patient. In well-selected, properly evaluated patients with large subserous uterine fibroids, laparoscopic myomectomy emerges as a viable option that could be offered as an armamentarium in the management of huge fibroids, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa.
Assessment of oral health status amongst postal employees of Bhubaneswar city: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Kumar Gunjan , Dash Payal , Jena Samikshya , Mohanty Pritam , Saxsena Anushka , Verma Rajnish K.
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Upholding good dental health has wider effects on productivity and performance at work in addition to being crucial for individual well-being. Because it can affect both their personal well-being and productivity at work, post office workers’ oral health is therefore a critical issue of concern. Hence, evaluating Bhubaneswar city post office workers’ dental health is the study’s aim.

Materials and Methodology:

With the aid of the WHO 2013 oral health assessment form, a cross-sectional study involving 171 regular post office workers was undertaken. Using the Chi-square test and an ANOVA for pertinent variables, the data were analysed using SPSS statistical software version 27.0. Potential confounding variables were adjusted using multiple logistic regression analysis.

Results:

The survey included a total of 171 post office personnel, of which 76.6% were men and 23.4% were women. The participants’ periodontal health revealed that 67.7% had deep periodontal pockets, 18.7% had shallow ones, and 95.3% had bleeding gums. The mean DMFT of the study participants was 4.10 ± 3.149.

Conclusion:

Among post office workers, tobacco use and oral health conditions represent a crucial junction of variables that call for caution and preventative action.
Assessment of awareness and knowledge of Good Samaritan Law in the general literate population – A cross-sectional study in Telangana
Authors: Mada Prashanth , Soanker Radhika , Kusneniwar Govindrao N. , Sowjanya G Mary
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Road traffic injuries are the eighth leading cause of death in India. The Law Commission of India report says that 50% of the victims who died of preventable injuries could have been saved had they received the medical care on time. To protect the people who help road accident victims, Good Samaritan Law was enacted.

Objectives:

To assess awareness and knowledge about Good Samaritan Law among the general literate population and to assess the impact of awareness session on awareness score.

Methods:

In this cross-sectional study, adult participants of either gender, literate enough to read and comprehend the material provided, were included in the study through either an electronic or written informed consent process. The participants were asked to complete a questionnaire, watch/read the awareness video/material provided, and then complete the post-awareness session questionnaire. The participants were divided into the aware and unaware groups for further assessment of pre-awareness scores. The pre- and post-awareness session scores were compared in the participants using paired-t-test.

Results:

In this study, 379 participants gave consent for participation; however, only 288 participants attempted the post-awareness questionnaire. The mean pre-awareness session score was significantly higher in the aware group (8.5) as compared to the unaware group (5.6). The pre-awareness scores were significantly high in doctors as compared to medical students in the aware group and as compared to medical students, graduates, teachers, and general public in the unaware group. Post-awareness session scores (9.2 ± 2.8) were observed to be significantly higher (p < 0.001) than pre-awareness session scores (6.4 ± 3.4).

Conclusion:

In this study, it was observed that the percentage of participants who were aware of the law was less. It demonstrated the impact of awareness session on increasing GSL awareness score in participants. These findings indicate the need of awareness programs to transform bystanders into good samaritans.
Initiation or switch to insulin degludec/insulin aspart in adults with type 2 diabetes in India: Results from a prospective, non-interventional, real-world study
Authors: Baruah Manash P. , Aneja Pankaj , Pitale Shailesh , Bhograj Abhijit , Agrawala Ritesh K. , Aggarwal Ajay , Mahadev Prasad G. , Madhavdas Deepaklal C. , Shah Sanjay , John Mathew , Pathan Muzammil Khan. A. , Revanna Manjunatha , Chandrappa Manu , Singh Kiran P.
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Aim:

To investigate clinical outcomes in adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D) after insulin degludec/insulin aspart (IDegAsp) treatment in a real-world setting.

Methods:

The 26 weeks study involved 1102 adults with T2D who were either initiated with or switched to IDegAsp according to local practice in six countries. It was an open-label, non-interventional study. The primary endpoint was the change in glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) levels from baseline to the end of study (EOS).

Results:

From India, 185 adults participated in this study with mean age of 58.1 (10.3) years and 14.4 (8.1) years of mean duration of T2D. Mean HbA1c decreased from 9.8% (1.8) at baseline to 8.2% (0.1) at the EOS; change in HbA1c from baseline [95% CI]: -1.6% (0.1) [-1.8; -1.4], P < 0.0001. There was a significant reduction in mean fasting plasma glucose (FPG) level from 190.0 (65.8) mg/dl at baseline to 141.9 (4.3) mg/dl at EOS; change in FPG from baseline [95% CI]: -52.2 (4.3) mg/dl [-60.7; -43.7], P < 0.0001. There was a numerical reduction in resource utilization related to diabetes and its complications and hypoglycaemic episodes. From baseline to EOS, the participants with outpatient visits (72 to 32) and workdays missed (2 to 0) decreased. Additionally, the number of patient-reported non-severe hypoglycaemic (47 to 8) and severe hypoglycaemic (4 to 1) episodes decreased as well.

Conclusion:

Initiation or switching to IDegAsp led to improvement in glycaemic control in real-world population of Indian adults with T2D. This was accompanied by a numerical reduction in resource utilization and patient-reported hypoglycaemia. Clinical trial registration: NCT04042441
Managing hand-foot-mouth disease in children: More of counseling, less of medicines
Authors: Faridi M.M.A. , Kapoor Sakshi , Snigdha  , Bhatnagar Shrish
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is a clinical syndrome characterized by a febrile illness, followed by an oral exanthema and a macular, maculopapular, or vesicular rash of the hands, also involving palms, feet, and buttocks caused by enteroviruses of the picornaviridae family. It is a benign self-limiting disease which spreads by fecal–oral, oral–oral, and respiratory droplet contact. This case series describes cases of HFMD, presenting with typical clinical features in the North Indian region where early diagnosis and management of the condition can be carried out to halt the disease progression and prevention for the betterment of children. We came across four cases of HFMD in the month of early September to October. Their parents were health care workers, and the patients had typical symptoms and signs, except in one case, which showed extensive vesicular eruptions and crusting. All children improved at domiciliary care. Active communication and close monitoring are what is required to manage HFMD without complications. These cases infer that counseling and monitoring are an integral part in the management of HFMD.
Integrating physiotherapy in rural primary health care: Early lessons on the value, feasibility, and emerging role of the physiotherapist from a community-oriented primary care (COPC) program in Rajasthan, India
Authors: Anwari Colis , Yadav Deekshita , Goel Gargi , Rao B. C. , Mohan Pavitra , Prasad Ramakrishna
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

Physiotherapists are health professionals who enhance mobility and quality of life (QoL) through clinical reasoning and the application of evaluation and treatment strategies. Their role is crucial in promoting health, preventing injury, and maintaining function.

Aim:

This paper aims to (1) share early experiences and learnings from integrating physiotherapy in rural primary health care, (2) discuss the scope and role of physiotherapists in the primary care team, (3) list the competencies of physiotherapists in rural primary care settings, and (4) advocate for a re-imagined role of physiotherapists as multi-skilled “primary care physiotherapists.”

Setting and Method:

Using a selection of case stories from rural primary health care settings, the paper provides insights into the integration and impact of physiotherapy within these communities.

Results:

The integration of physiotherapy in rural primary health care has demonstrated significant benefits in promoting comprehensive primary health care. The case stories highlight the expanded scope and essential competencies of physiotherapists as vital members of the primary care team.

Conclusion:

This paper emphasizes the critical role physiotherapy plays in primary health care and calls for broader recognition and support for physiotherapists. It underscores the need for a re-imagined perspective of physiotherapists in rural settings, advocating for their role as multi-skilled primary care professionals.
The association between smartphone addiction and thumb/wrist pain among medical students of Jazan University, Saudi Arabia, A cross-sectional study
Authors: Khired Zenat Ahmed , Alhazmi Sultan M. , Mokli Bandar I. , Alhazmi Asma H. , Muafa Khalid A. , Bakri Nawaf E. , Hakami Ali J. , Alshekh Fatmah O. , Mosleh Amani A. , Baeshen Rawdah A. , Alhazmi Feras I.
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

The past decade has witnessed a revolution in smartphones owing to their growing importance and various applications. However, excessive usage can lead to addiction and joint pain in the wrist/thumb area. Despite these negative effects, smartphones offer medical students access to the resources they need.

Objective:

To determine the association between smartphone addiction and thumb/wrist pain among undergraduate students of Jazan University.

Methods:

A cross-sectional self-administrated, online survey and online convenience sample technique was used. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS Software.

Results:

This survey included 337 participants, of which two-thirds were female (66.8%) and the rest male (33.2%); 32.6% of the respondents were studying in the College of Medicine. Of the 337 participants, 32% reported experiencing pain in their wrists or at the back of their neck while using a smartphone. The study found an average Smartphone Addition Scale-Short Version (SAS-SV) score of 32.5 ± 8.0 out of 50 and a total Patient-Rated Wrist Evaluation score of 48.8 ± 14.7, with a pain score of 13.3 ± 11.0 and a function score of 35.5 ± 11.7. The study also revealed a significant association between smartphone addiction and thumb/wrist pain (P value = 0.029), with females and students of the College of Applied Medical Science associated with higher SAS-SV scores, thereby indicating higher smartphone addiction.

Conclusion:

Significant correlation exists between smartphone addiction and thumb/wirst pain among medical students of Jazan University.
Routine ante-natal screening using maternal risk factors and biomarkers for preeclampsia in 11-13+6 weeks of gestation
Authors: Sarma Anusuya , Panda Subrat , Das Ananya , Sharma Nalini , Lynser Donboklang , Singh Kaushiki
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

Prediction of preeclampsia in first trimester can lead to early initiation of preventative measures, as well as timely therapeutic intervention, that will prevent the maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. This study, prediction of preeclampsia at 11-13+6 weeks of gestation, was conducted by using serum placental growth factor (PlGF), serum pregnancy associated plasma protein – A (PAPP-A), uterine artery Doppler indices, and mean arterial pressure (MAP), in low-risk pregnant women.

Methods:

It is an observational longitudinal prospective study. Pregnant women with singleton pregnancies of gestational age 11-13+6 weeks were recruited. MAP, bilateral uterine artery Doppler indices, serum PAPP-A, and PlGF were measured. The follow-up of the patients was regularly done till termination of pregnancy and incidence of preeclampsia were noted. Qualitative variables were compared using Chi-square/Fisher exact test, and sensitivity and specificity of each test were analyzed.

Result:

Among 139 women, 27 (19%) developed preeclampsia, out of which 10 had early preeclampsia and 17 developed late preeclampsia. By combining all the parameters, the sensitivity in detecting early preeclampsia was found to be 70% and for late preeclampsia cases, 64.7%. The sensitivity of all the parameters in predicting cases of preeclampsia in general is 66.7%, specificity is 74.1%, PPV is 38.3%, and NPV is 72%.

Conclusion:

The maternal biomarkers serum PAPP-A, serum PlGF, uterine artery PI, MAP have sensitivity of 70% in detecting early preeclampsia cases and for late preeclampsia cases, 64.71%, in first trimester and it will help in early initiation of preventative measures as well as timely therapeutic intervention.
Optimizing psychiatric social work interventions: Formulating guidelines for mental health settings
Authors: Shibin Fathima , Krishnareddy Shanivaram Reddy , Naik M Nagaraj , Srikanth Pallerla
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

Psychiatric social workers typically play an important role in the treatment and management of psychosocial issues at different levels, such as individual, family, and community levels. However, despite the field having a long history, there are significantly fewer standardized guidelines for interventions in mental health settings.

Methodology:

This study aims to develop guidelines for psychiatric social work interventions in mental health settings. Psychiatric social workers with a degree of M.Phil. in Psychiatric Social Work, 2 years of working experience, and working in mental health settings were selected for this study. Using purposive sampling, 15 psychiatric social workers were selected for this study and were interviewed using a semi-structured interview schedule. The data were analyzed using the qualitative method of content analysis.

Results:

There is a high level of satisfaction rate among psychiatric social workers about their work and profession, however, they face challenges because of non-clarity of roles and responsibilities, lack of theories, and difficulties in implementing theories into practice. More training, discussion, supervision, and exposure to different cases help improve the interventions’ quality.

Conclusion:

Although psychiatric social work interventions are effective in addressing the treatment gap by providing curative, preventive, promotive, and rehabilitative services, there is no uniformity in the interventions, which in turn, explains the need for standardized guidelines for intervention. The study explains the guidelines for psychiatric social work interventions at the community, group, family, and individual levels.
Knowledge, attitude and psychological impact of cyberbullying among adolescents. A cross-sectional study
Authors: Afroze Tazeen , Kittur Reeda M. , Quadri Syed S. M. , Fathima Samreen , Jacob Daya M. , Mohammmad Burhanullah H. S.
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Purpose:

To identify the awareness, behaviour and psychological impact of cyberbullying among adolescent.

Method:

A Cross-sectional questionnaire-based study conducted on secondary school students from grades 9-12th. The study got approval from the Institutional Research Board. The Inclusion criterion was school students of all nationalities who were willing to participate. Signed informed consent signed was taken. We used a P value of < 0.05 and a 95% confidence interval (CI).

Result:

Out of 513 enrolled, 450 completed the survey (response rate 87.7%). Age ranged between 13 to 20 years of them 303 (67.3%) were female. Awareness of cyberbullying was 96.2%. The prevalence of cyberbullying among adolescence was 22.2% (95% CI: 18.89-26.93). 42% of Victims reported cyberbully event leading to stoppage in 78.6% of cases. Most of the victims reported to their parents followed by friends then cyber helpline or Police. Characteristics of perpetrators were males, below-average academic performance and social relations, from same batch, and had emotionally unstable personalities. Association of being a victim does not relate to their Age, gender, grade, or parent’s education but relate to their nationality (P < 0.001) and being younger siblings (P < 0.027). Association between event reporting and gender was not significant (P < 0.859). Association between worsening social relationships (teachers and parents) (P < 0.001), feeling neglected (P < 0.001), personality type (agreeableness and emotional instability) (P < 0.016) and being a Cyberbully victim was statistically significant. Association of depression and anxiety with being a cyberbully victim was statistically significant (P < 0.001) and directly proportional to the severity.

Conclusion:

High rate of awareness and Low prevalence of cyberbullying was found among adolescence. High risk of psychological problems was reported and a good social relationship (teachers and parents) was an important protective factor from it.
Moderating effect for illness uncertainty on the relationship of depressive and anxiety symptoms among patients with type 1 diabetes in Taif region, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alfadhly Abdulaziz F. , Mohammed Ayah , Almalki Basim , Alfaez Saad , Mubarak Ali , Alotaibi Eman , Alomran Ghaida , Almathami Jameela , Bazhair Njood , AlShamrani Nourah , Algorashi Raghad , Abdullah Rehab
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

Illness uncertainty was found to be associated with the development of depressive and anxiety symptoms among patients with type 1 diabetes and chronic illness in general. However, the moderating effect of illness uncertainty was not examined in sufficient depth. The current study evaluates how the path from diabetes distress to depression and anxiety is mediated by illness uncertainty, ambiguity, symptoms and course predictability, and illness complexity.

Method:

Descriptive cross-sectional survey of a large-scale sample of patients living with type one diabetes in Saudi Arabia. We utilized structural equation modelling mediation analysis to examine the effect of illness uncertainty and its subcategories (illness-related ambiguity, symptoms and course predictability, and illness complexity) on depressive and anxiety symptoms.

Results:

The current survey analyzed data pertaining to (n = 536) type one diabetes patients. Mean Mishel Uncertainty of Illness Scale score was 80.8 points (Cronbach’s α = 0.91) signifying moderate uncertainty among our patients. Diabetes-related uncertainty was associated with marriage (t = 3.337, P = 0.0009937), diabetes complications (t = 5.257, P < 0.00001), pain (r = 0.2247, P < 0.00001), and children count (correlation coefficient r = 0.195, P < 0.00001). The prevalence of depression was (n = 367, 68.5%) and for anxiety was (n = 173, 30.3%). Illness uncertainty correlated with depressive (r = 0.2484, P < 0.00001) and anxiety (r = 0.2548, P < 0.00001) symptoms’ scores. Illness uncertainty exerted a partial moderating effect on both anxiety (β = 0.060, P < 0.001) and depressive symptoms (β =0.056, P < 0.001). We observed a partial moderating effect for diabetes-related ambiguity and diabetes-related symptom unpredictability in terms of depressive and anxiety symptoms. However, for diabetes-related course unpredictability, the moderating effect was significant only for anxiety. Diabetes-related complexity did not exert a significant moderating effect on either depressive or anxiety symptoms.

Discussion:

We confirmed high levels of depression and anxiety among patients with type one diabetes in Saudi Arabia. Our findings suggest that illness uncertainty affects both diabetes-related distress and depression constructs and is likely to be affected by them.
Healthcare workers’ perceptions and acceptance for COVID-19 vaccine for their children aged <18 years from the Region of Eastern Uttar Pradesh, India
Authors: Khan Imran Ahmed , Bashar MD. Abu , Singh Amresh Kumar
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination program among adults in India is one of the highly successful vaccination drives globally, but the acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine among parents for their children is largely unknown. As parents are primary decision-makers for their children, we aimed to assess parents’ perceptions and acceptance for COVID-19 vaccination for children in India.

Aim:

To assess parental perceptions and acceptance for COVID-19 vaccination for their children (aged <18 years).

Materials and Methods:

A cross-sectional anonymous web-based survey was designed and conducted from November 1 to December 15, 2022. All the healthcare workers of a tertiary care institute in eastern Uttar Pradesh, having a child aged <18 years, constituted the study population and were invited. They were recruited through snowball sampling and were sent the study questionnaire in Google form through email and WhatsApp. Bivariate analysis was performed to determine the predictors of child vaccination acceptance among the parents.

Results:

A total of 388 healthcare worker parents (HCWPs) having a child <18 years of age completed the survey. The mean age of the parents was 40.28 ± 11.34 years. The majority (96.9%) of them had already received the recommended two doses of the COVID-19 vaccine. Around 91% of the parents agreed that COVID-19 vaccines are important for children’s health, whereas 89% agreed that COVID-19 vaccines are effective. A total of 356 (91.7%) parents were willing to vaccinate their children with a COVID-19 vaccine, of which 91.3% intended to do so as soon as possible. The factors significantly associated with the stated willingness for child vaccination among the participants were younger age (P = 0.008), female gender (P = 0000), currently married status (P = 0.00001), urban residence (P = 0.01), lower monthly income (P = 0.03), absence of any chronic illness (P = 0.0003), history of COVID-19 in the child (P = 0.004), and the child being up-to-date with the routine childhood vaccines (P = 0.01).

Conclusion:

The HCWPs from eastern Uttar Pradesh, India, have a positive attitude and low vaccine hesitancy toward COVID-19 vaccination for children, with around 92% currently willing to vaccinate their children with COVID vaccine. Further longitudinal studies are required to assess the trend of parental acceptance of COVID vaccine.
Health policies and guidelines to promote, protect and support early childhood development: A narrative review
Authors: Garghate Rutuja , Choudhari Sonali
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

This comprehensive review examines the pivotal role of health policies and guidelines in promoting, protecting, and supporting early childhood development (ECD). Recognizing the multifaceted nature of ECD, the study explores key elements commonly found in policies that span health, education, social services, and community support. The focus is on creating an integrated approach that ensures the optimal well-being and growth of children during their formative years. The review highlights the significance of maternal and child health care, emphasizing contact toward prenatal and postnatal care for pregnant women and newborns. Nutritional policies center around supporting breastfeeding and ensuring access to nutritious food, laying the foundation for a healthy start in life. Early childhood education programs and parental education initiatives are crucial components, emphasizing cognitive, social, and emotional development from the earliest stages. The review underscores the importance of a holistic perspective, urging the integration of services across sectors to provide a comprehensive framework for ECD. Research-based policies, continuous monitoring, and evaluation mechanisms ensure evidence-driven decision-making and ongoing refinement of strategies. Additionally, the role of legislation and advocacy is highlighted in protecting the rights and well-being of children and advocating for ECD at various levels. In the end, this review highlights the importance of ECD guidelines and health policies as investments that not only help individual children but also enhance societal productivity and general well-being. By prioritizing the early years, policymakers can lay a strong foundation for future health, learning, and success.
Distinctive characteristics, risk factors, and prevention of premature myocardial infarction: A narrative review
Authors: Rallidis Stylianos , Jovanovic Aleksandar , Rallidis Loukianos
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

The proportion of young individuals that present with acute myocardial infarction is a major problem that keeps increasing. The specific characteristics of premature coronary artery disease and its differences between young and older individuals need to be elucidated. Although risk factors are similar in different age categories, there is a great difference in their prevalence. The vast majority of young patients are males and there is a higher prevalence of cigarette smoking, family history of premature coronary artery disease, lipid disorders, and illicit drug use, while the prevalence of hypertension and diabetes mellitus is lower. Young individuals with acute coronary syndrome usually present either with ST-segment elevation or non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. It is not unusual for young patients to present with atypical symptoms to the office of primary care physicians, leading occasionally to incorrect or delayed diagnosis. Therefore, prompt and correct diagnosis is necessary to implement the specific management as quickly as possible. A literature research of studies was conducted for the last 10 years, regarding the risk factors and prevention of premature myocardial infarction. As databases, we used PubMed and peer reviewed journals. The aim of this review is to raise awareness among family medicine and primary care physicians, regarding the clinical presentation of young patients with acute myocardial infarction, to provide optimal medical attention.