bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Skema Kognitif Siswa dalam Menyelesaikan Soal Peluang Ditinjau dari Pendekatan Polya
Authors: Fitriana Ika Nur , Mampouw Helti Lygia
Published: November 2021

AbstrakSkema kognitif adalah teori yang digunakan untuk mengetahui perubahan atau perkembangan pengetahuan seseorang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan skema kognitif siswa berkemampuan matematika tinggi, sedang dan rendah dalam menyelesaikan soal cerita peluang menggunakan pendekatan Polya. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kualitatif deskriptif yang dilaksanakan di kelas IX MTs N Ngablak Magelang. Subjek berjumlah 3 siswa masing-masing 1 subjek berkemampuan matematika tinggi, sedang dan rendah. Instrumen penelitian adalah peneliti sendiri yang dibantu oleh soal tes berisi soal cerita tentang peluang dan pedoman wawancara. Skema kognitif siswa diperoleh dari hasil penyelesaian soal cerita peluang yang dipandu tahapan Polya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ketika membaca soal cerita, ketiga subjek mengalami disekuilibrium. Subjek yang berkemampuan matematika tinggi dan sedang mengalami proses asimilasi sebelum ekuilibrium dalam memahami masalah, merencanakan strategi penyelesaian, mengeksekusi strategi penyelesaian dan memeriksa kembali jawaban. Subjek berkemampuan matematika rendah mengalami proses asimilasi dan akomodasi sebelum ekuilibrium dalam memahami masalah, merencanakan strategi penyelesaian dan mengeksekusi strategi, tanpa memeriksa kembali jawaban.Kata Kunci: skema kognitif, peluang, tahapan Polya.  Cognitive Scheme of Students in Solving Probability Problems Using POLYA ApproachAbstractA cognitive scheme is a theory used to determine changes or developments in a person’s knowledge. The purpose of this research is to describe the cognitive scheme of students with higher, medium, and lower mathematical abilities in solving probability problems using the Polya approach. This is a descriptive qualitative research delete conducted in the 9th grade of MTs N Ngablak Magelang. Subjects in this research were 3 students who had a high, medium and low mathematical ability. The research instrument is the researchers who helped by probability question tests and interview guidelines. Students' cognitive schemes are obtained from the results of the solving probability question test guided by the Polya stage. The results showed that three subjects experienced a disequilibrium condition when reading the word problems. Subjects with high and medium mathematical abilities were experiencing an assimilation process before equilibrium in understanding problems, planning strategy, execute the strategy and checking answers. Subjects with low mathematical abilities experience assimilation and accommodation before equilibrium in understanding problems, planning resolution strategies and executing strategies, without checking the answers.Keyword: cognitive scheme, probability, Polya stage.
Model Accelerated Learning Cycle dalam Pembelajaran Pertidaksamaan Linear dan Nilai Mutlak
Authors: Mardiani Dian
Published: November 2021

AbstrakPenelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh tantangan tentang bagaimana membelajarkan matematika kepada suatu kelas di jurusan biologi di sebuah Institut sehingga pembelajaran menjadi bermakna dan efektif. Tujuan peneltian adalah untuk mengeksplorasi bagaimana kemampuan bermatematika mahasiswa biologi setelah mendapatkan pembelajaran dengan menggunakan model ALC. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif. Subjek penelitian berjumlah 25 mahasiswa tingkat 1 jurusan Biologi di suatu Institut di provinsi Jawa Barat. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah lembar observasi, pedoman wawancara, dan tes. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 92% subjek penelitian berhasil mencapai nilai tes di atas standar yang ditentukan. Hanya 8% yang masih belum terbantu dengan menggunakan model ini. Berdasar hasil observasi, model ALC secara bertahap mampu membawa suasana pembelajaran lebih kondusif, yang awalnya subjek belajar banyak diam dan tegang dalam kegiatan pembelajaran, menjadi lebih terbuka, mau bertanya dan berusaha memahami apa yang dibelajarkan secara mandiri. Berdasar hasil wawancara model ALC bagi beberapa subjek mampu membuat mahasiswa yang malas membuka buku menjadi mau membuka dan mempelajari buku matematika di rumah, mengerjakan soal soal latihan yang diberikan, belajar matematika di rumah lebih dari biasanya.Kata Kunci: model ALC, nilai mutlak, pertidaksamaan linear. Accelerated Learning Cycle Model in Learning Linear Inequality and Absolute ValueAbstractThis research is motivated by the challenges of how to teach mathematics to a class in the biology department at an Institute so that learning becomes meaningful and effective. The purpose of this research is to explore how the mathematical abilities of biology students after learning by using the ALC model. This is descriptive research. Research subjects numbered 25 levels 1 student majoring in Biology at an Institute in the province of West Java. The instruments used were observation sheets, interview guidelines, and tests. The results showed that 92% of research subjects managed to achieve test scores above the specified standard. Only 8% have still not been helped by using this model. Based on the results of observations, the ALC model is gradually able to bring a more conducive learning atmosphere, which initially subjects learning a lot of silence and tension in learning activities, becoming more open, willing to ask questions and try to understand what is being taught independently. Based on the results of the ALC model interviews for some subjects, it can make students who are lazy to open books to be willing to open and study mathematics books at home, do the practice questions given, learn mathematics at home more than usual.Keywords: ALC model, absolute value, linear inequality.
Pengaruh Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Teams Games Tournament terhadap Hasil Belajar Matematika Siswa
Authors: Yunita Alfi , Juwita Ratulani , Kartika Suci Elma
Published: November 2021

AbstrakAnggapan bahwa matematika sulit dan besarnya rasa takut siswa untuk bertanya pada guru menjadi permasalahan tersendiri dalam pembelajaran matematika. Solusinya adalah dengan menerapkan suatu model pembelajaran kooperatif seperti Tipe Teams Games Tournament (TGT). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat pengaruh model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Teams Games Tournament (TGT) terhadap hasil belajar siswa. Jenis penelitian adalah penelitian pre-eksperimen, dengan desain penelitian one shot case study. Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh siswa kelas VIII SMPN 5 Padang yang terdaftar pada tahun pelajaran 2019/2020 yang berjumlah sembilan kelas. Sampelnya yaitu 28 siswa kelas VIII.5 yang ditentukan dengan teknik purposive sampel. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah soal posttest berupa essay. Hasil penelitian ini adalah terdapat pengaruh model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Teams Games Tournament (TGT) terhadap hasil belajar siswa. Siswa tampak aktif dengan melakukan banyak aktivitas belajar.  The Effect of Cooperative Learning Model Type Teams Games Tournament towards Student Learning Outcomes In Mathematics AbstractThe assumption that mathematics is difficult and the fear of students asking teachers is a problem in learning mathematics. The solution is to apply a cooperative learning model such as the Teams Games Tournament (TGT). This study aims to determine whether there is an effect of the Implementation of the Teams Games Tournament (TGT) Cooperative Learning Model on the Learning Outcomes of Grade VIII Students of SMPN 5 Padang. This type of research is pre-experimental research, with a one-shot case study design. The study population was all eighth-grade students of SMPN 5 Padang who were enrolled in the 2019/2020 school year, totaling nine classes. The sample is 28 students of class VIII.5 determined by a purposive sample technique. The instrument used was a post-test question in the form of an essay. Thus it can be concluded that there is an Effect of the Implementation of the Teams Games Tournament (TGT) Cooperative Learning Model Against Student Learning Outcomes.
Analisis Kesulitan Belajar Siswa dalam Pembelajaran Matematika yang Menggunakan Pendekatan PMRI
Authors: Cahirati Pius Eko Purnama , Makur Alberta Parinters , Fedi Sebastianus
Published: November 2021

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk membahas 1) kesulitan belajar matematika seperti apa yang dialami siswa dalam pembelajaran yang menerapkan PMRI; 2) alasan mengapa siswa mengalami kesulitan belajar matematika dalam Pembelajaran Matematika menggunakan PMRI? Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan jenis-jenis kesulitan yang dialami oleh siswa, disertai dengan faktor-faktor yang menyebabkan kesulitan matematika. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif deskriptif dengan 23 siswa yang menunjukkan kesulitan dalam belajar matematika. Teknik yang digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data adalah observasi, wawancara, kuesioner, dokumentasi, dan catatan lapangan. Analisis data dilakukan dengan reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah jenis kesulitan belajar yang dialami siswa, yaitu kesulitan dalam memahami konsep sistem persamaan dua variabel dan tiga variabel, kesulitan menghitung angka dalam sistem persamaan linear untuk dua variabel dan tiga variabel, dan kesulitan memecahkan masalah dalam masalah cerita dalam materi SPLDV dan SPLTV.  AbstractThis research is aimed to discuss 1) what kind of mathematics learning difficulties students experience in PMRI learning; 2) the reasons why students are having difficulty learning mathematics in Mathematics Learning using PMRI? This study aims to describe the types of difficulties experienced by students, accompanied by factors causing mathematical difficulties. This study is a descriptive qualitative study with 23 students who indicated difficulties in learning mathematics. The technique used to collect data is observation, interviews, questionnaires, documentation, and field notes. Data analysis is done by data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results of this study are the types of learning difficulties experienced by students, namely difficulties in understanding the concepts of system of two-variable and three-variable linear equations, difficulties in calculating numbers in a system of linear equations for two variables and three variables, and the difficulty of solving problems in story problems in SPLDV and SPLTV material.
Analisis Kemampuan Representasi Matematis Mahasiswa Berdasarkan Motivasi Belajar
Authors: Yenni  , Sukmawati Rika
Published: November 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan kemampuan representasi mahasiswa berdasarkan level motivasi mahasiswa. Metode yang digunakan adalah kualitatif deskriptif. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah tes dan non tes. Tes terdiri dari soal-soal yang menuat indikator representasi matematis, sedangkan non tes berupa angket motivasi belajar dan pedoman wawancara. Subjek penelitian adalah mahasiswa program studi PGPAUD Universitas Muhammadiyah Tangerang kelas 3A2, yang berjumlah 29 mahasiswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, tidak ada mahasiswa yang memiliki motivasi belajar level rendah. Sebanyak 55,17% mahasiswa dapat menjawab dengan baik untuk indikator menyajikan data dalam berbagai bentuk. Sedangkan pada indikator penyimbolan terdapat 44,83%. Mahasiswa dengan motivasi tinggi mampu menyelesaikan permasalahan matematika pada statistika dengan baik sesuai yang diharapkan. Sedangkan pada mahasiswa dengan motivasi sedang, terungkap mahasiswa kurang teliti dalam mengerjakan soal sehingga menyebabkan skor yang diperoleh tidak sempurna.
This study aims to describe the ability of student representation based on the level of student motivation. The method used is descriptive qualitative. The instruments used were tests and non-tests. The test consisted of questions that raised mathematical representation indicators, while the non-test consisted of a learning motivation questionnaire and interview guidelines. The research subjects were students of the PGPAUD study program at the Muhammadiyah University of Tangerang in class 3A2, totaling 29 students. The results showed that there were no students who had a low level of motivation to learn. As many as 55.17% of students can answer well for indicators presenting data in various forms. While the symbolic indicators are 44.83%. Students with high motivation can solve mathematical problems in statistics as well as expected. While the students with moderate motivation, it was revealed that the students were less thorough in working on the problems so that the scores obtained were not perfect.
Efektifitas Model Problem Based Learning dan Model Group Investigation dalam Meningkatkan Karakter Anti Korupsi
Authors: Trisnawati Nika Fetria , Sundari Sundari
Published: November 2021

AbstrakPendidikan anti korupsi merupakan salah satu cara mencegah perilaku korupsi sejak dini, kesuksesan dalam membangun karakter mahasiswa merupakan salah satu indikator kesuksesan dalam membangun Negara. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui keefektifan peningkatan karakter anti korupsi pada proses pembelajaran dengan melakukan penerapan model Problem Based Learning (PBL) dan Group Investigation (GI), kemudian dibandingkan antara keefektifan pembelajaran PBL dan GI terhadap peningkatan karakter anti korupsi. Merupakan penelitian Quasi Experiment dengan Non-Equivalent Pretest-Posttest Design. Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh mahasiswa semester VI Pendidikan Matematika Universitas Muhammadiyah Sorong dengan dua kelas sebagai sampel acak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pembelajaran matematika menggunakan PBL maupun GI efektif meningkatkan karakter anti korupsi mahasiswa, dan berdasarkan uji T2 Hotelling’s menyatakan bahwa tidak ada perbedaan antara keduanya. Penelitian ini sangat berguna untuk mengetahui model-model pembelajaran yang efektif dalam menerapkan pendidikan karakter dalam perkuliahan di kelas. AbstractAnti-corruption education is one way to prevent corrupt behavior from an early age, success in building student character is one indicator of success in developing the country. The research objective is to determine the effectiveness of increasing anti-corruption character in the learning process by applying the Problem Based Learning (PBL) and Group Investigation (GI) models, then comparing the effectiveness of PBL and GI learning towards improving anti-corruption character. This is a Quasi-Experimental study with Non-Equivalent Pretest-Posttest Design. The study population was all sixth-semester students of Mathematics Education at the University of Muhammadiyah Sorong with two classes as a random sample. The results showed that mathematics learning using PBL and GI was effective in enhancing students' anti-corruption character, and based on the Hotteling's T2 test stated that there was no difference between the two. This research is very useful to find out effective learning models in implementing character education in lectures in class.
Peningkatan Pemahaman Konsep Bilangan Bulat Melalui Cerita Si Unyil Berbasis ICT
Authors: Lisnani Lisnani , Pranoto Yohanes Heri
Published: November 2021

AbstrakHasil belajar siswa yang dibawah standar menunjukkan siswa kurang memahami konsep pada materi bilangan bulat. Penelitian ini bertujuan meningkatkan pemahaman konsep siswa pada materi bilangan bulat melalui penggunaan media pembelajaran yaitu cerita Si Unyil berbasis ICT, yang terlihat dari peningkatan hasil belajar siswa. Jenis penelitian ini yaitu penelitian kualitatif yaitu Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK). Siklus yang terjadi dalam PTK terdiri dari dua siklus, dimana tiap siklus terdiri dari empat tahapan: perencanaan, tindakan, pengamatan, dan refleksi. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas VIIA SMP Xaverius 6 Palembang yang berjumlah 26 orang. Data penelitian dikumpulkan menggunakan lembar observasi, tes, dan dokumentasi. Deskriptif kualitatif digunakan untuk menganalisa data observasi dan dokumentasi. Sedangkan deskriptif kuanlitatif yaitu menganalisa hasil tes. Hasil dari penelitian ini berupa peningkatan pemahaman konsep terlihat dari meningkatnya hasil belajar siswa dari siklus pertama sebesar 57,84 meningkat pada siklus kedua menjadi 71,19.  AbstractUnder-standard learning outcomes of students show students do not understand the concepts in integer material. This study aims to increase students' understanding of the concepts of integers through the use of instructional media, namely the ICT-based Si Unyil story, which can be seen from the increase in student learning outcomes. This type of research is qualitative research, Classroom Action Research (CAR). The cycle that occurs in CAR consists of two cycles, where each cycle consists of four stages: planning, action, observation, and reflection. The subjects of the study were the students of class VIIA Xaverius 6 Palembang Junior High, totaling 26 people. Research data were collected using observation sheets, tests, and documentation. Qualitative descriptive is used to analyze observation and documentation data. While quantitative descriptive analysis of test results. The results of this study in the form of an increased understanding of the concept can be seen from the increase in student learning outcomes from the first cycle of 57.84 increased in the second cycle to 71.19.
Analisis Kemampuan Representasi Matematis Mahasiswa Berdasarkan Motivasi Belajar
Authors: Yenni Yenni , Sukmawati Rika
Published: November 2021

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan kemampuan representasi mahasiswa berdasarkan level motivasi mahasiswa. Metode yang digunakan adalah kualitatif deskriptif. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah tes dan non tes. Tes terdiri dari soal-soal yang menuat indikator representasi matematis, sedangkan non tes berupa angket motivasi belajar dan pedoman wawancara. Subjek penelitian adalah mahasiswa program studi PGPAUD Universitas Muhammadiyah Tangerang kelas 3A2, yang berjumlah 29 mahasiswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, tidak ada mahasiswa yang memiliki motivasi belajar level rendah. Sebanyak 55,17% mahasiswa dapat menjawab dengan baik untuk indikator menyajikan data dalam berbagai bentuk. Sedangkan pada indikator penyimbolan terdapat 44,83%. Mahasiswa dengan motivasi tinggi mampu menyelesaikan permasalahan matematika pada statistika dengan baik sesuai yang diharapkan. Sedangkan pada mahasiswa dengan motivasi sedang, terungkap mahasiswa kurang teliti dalam mengerjakan soal sehingga menyebabkan skor yang diperoleh tidak sempurna. AbstractThis study aims to describe the ability of student representation based on the level of student motivation. The method used is descriptive qualitative. The instruments used were tests and non-tests. The test consisted of questions that raised mathematical representation indicators, while the non-test consisted of a learning motivation questionnaire and interview guidelines. The research subjects were students of the PGPAUD study program at the Muhammadiyah University of Tangerang in class 3A2, totaling 29 students. The results showed that there were no students who had a low level of motivation to learn. As many as 55.17% of students can answer well for indicators presenting data in various forms. While the symbolic indicators are 44.83%. Students with high motivation can solve mathematical problems in statistics as well as expected. While the students with moderate motivation, it was revealed that the students were less thorough in working on the problems so that the scores obtained were not perfect.
Proses Metakognisi Siswa SMP dalam Pemecahan Masalah Perbandingan Senilai dan Berbalik Nilai
Authors: Setyaningrum Defi Utami , Mampouw Helti Lygia
Published: November 2021

AbstrakProses metakognisi yakni awareness, regulation, dan evaluation menjadi bagian penentu keberhasilan siswa dalam memecahkan masalah. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan proses metakognisi siswa SMP dalam memecahkan masalah perbandingan senilai dan berbalik nilai. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Subjek penelitian terdiri dari 3 siswa SMP Negeri 2 Tengaran yang masing-masing berkemampuan matematika tinggi, sedang dan rendah. Pengumpulan data dilakukan menggunakan tes dan wawancara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan proses awareness ketiga subjek adalah mampu menggunakan pengetahuan awal yang dapat membantunya untuk memecahkan masalah.  Proses regulation subjek berkemampuan matematika tinggi dan sedang sama-sama mampu merencanakan dan berfikir ulang langkah yang akan digunakan untuk memecahkan masalah, di mana hal ini tidak muncul pada subjek berkemamuan matematika rendah. Pada proses evaluation, subjek berkemampuan tinggi mampu memiliki cara lain dalam pemecahan, subjek berkemampuan matematika sedang mampu menyelesaikan masalah dan merevisi beberapa kesalahan, sedangkan subjek berkemampuan matematika rendah tidak mengalami proses ini dan tidak menyadari kesalahannya dalam memecahkan   masalah perbandingan berbalik nilai.  AbstractThe metacognition process, namely awareness, regulation, and evaluation, is a critical determinant of student success in solving problems. The purpose of this study is to describe the process of metacognition of junior high school students in solving problems of comparative worth and turn around values. This research is a qualitative descriptive study. The subjects of the study consisted of 3 students from SMP Negeri 2 Tengaran, each with high, medium, and low mathematical abilities. Data collection was carried out using tests and interviews. The results showed that the awareness process of the three subjects was able to use initial knowledge that could help him to solve problems. The process of regulation of subjects with high mathematical ability and being equally able to plan and rethink steps that will be used to solve problems, where this does not appear on subjects with low mathematical ability. In the evaluation process, high-skilled subjects can have other ways of solving, mathematical-capable subjects can solve problems and revise some errors, while low-mathematical-capable subjects do not experience this process and are unaware of their mistakes in solving the problem of reversing value comparison.
Penggunaan Model PACE dalam Pembelajaran Geometri Topik Bangun Ruang
Authors: Listiani Tanti
Published: November 2021

AbstrakMasih terdapat konsep pada Geometri yaitu bangun ruang yang masih kurang dipahami oleh mahasiswa PGSD. Untuk memecahkan permasalahan tersebut, maka dosen menerapkan model pembelajaran yang mendorong mahasiswa untuk dapat mempelajari bangun ruang dengan efektif. Salah satu model pembelajaran yang dapat digunakan adalah Model PACE. Model PACE memiliki empat langkah yaitu Project, Activity, Cooperative dan Experience. Melalui empat tahapan ini mahasiswa dituntut untuk membuat suatu proyek pembelajaran yaitu membuat video pembelajaran. Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif dengan sampel penelitian 90 mahasiswa yang dibagi menjadi 2 kelas. Hasil dari penerapan model PACE adalah mahasiswa dapat membuat alat peraga matematika yang menarik. Selain itu penggunaan model PACE juga dapat membantu mahasiswa dalam menghadapi tantangan sebagai guru SD yang kreatif khususnya dalam mengajar Geometri materi bangun ruang. Hal yang perlu diperhatikan adalah dosen sebagai pendidik perlu mendukung agar tahapan yang terdapat pada model PACE dapat terlaksana dengan baik. Using the PACE Model in Geometry Learning Build Space Topic AbstractThere is still a concept in geometry, namely the shape of a space that is still poorly understood by PGSD students. To solve this problem, the lecturer applies a learning model that encourages students to be able to study building space effectively. One of the learning models that can be used is the PACE Model. The PACE model has four steps, namely Project, Activity, Cooperative, and Experience. Through these four stages, students are required to make a learning project, namely making learning videos. The method used is descriptive with a research sample of 90 students divided into 2 classes. The result of applying the PACE model is that students can make interesting mathematics teaching aids. Besides, the use of the PACE model can also help students face challenges as creative elementary teachers, especially in teaching geometry in building materials. The thing to note is that lecturers as educators need to support so that the stages contained in the PACE model can be carried out well.
Profil Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematika Pada Materi Segitiga Berdasarkan Teori Van Hielle
Authors: Firnanda Viyang , Pratama Fika Widya
Published: November 2021

AbstrakMasalah dalam penelitian ini yaitu kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa yang rendah pada materi segitiga. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan profil kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika pada materi segitiga berdasarkan Teori Van Hiele. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Instrumen utama adalah peneliti itu sendiri, dibantu instrumen pendukung yang terdiri dari 3 soal tes berupa soal uraian sesuai dengan indikator Van Hiele dan pedoman wawancara yang semi terstruktur.Teknik analisis data menggunakan 4 tahapan yaitu pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Waktu penelitian dilakukan pada tanggal 13 November sampai 14 Desember 2019 semester ganjil tahun ajaran 2019/2020. Subjek penelitian sebanyak 3 siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 2 Salatiga dengan hasil belajar matematika tinggi, sedang, dan rendah. Data yang terkumpul dianalisis menggunakan tahap berpikir Van Hiele. Hasil penelitian ini menemukan bahwa siswa dengan hasil belajar matematika tinggi mencapai tahap 0 (visualisasi). Siswa dengan hasil belajar matematika sedang mampu mencapai tahap 1 (analisis). Siswa dengan hasil belajar matematika rendah mencapai tahap 0 (visualisasi). Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah tahap berpikir Van Hiele pada setiap siswa berbeda-beda berdasarkan kemampaun pemecahan yang dimiliki setiap siswa. .  Profile of Mathematical Troubleshooting Abilities In The Triangle Material Based On Van Hiele TheoryAbstractThe problem in this study is students' problem-solving ability is low on triangle material. This study aims to describe the profile of mathematical problem-solving abilities on a triangular material based on the Van Hiele's Theory. This type of research is descriptive qualitative. The main instrument was the researcher himself, assisted by supporting instruments consisting of 3 test questions in the form of a matter of description following Van Hiele indicators and semi-structured interview guidelines. The data analysis technique uses 4 stages, data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The time of the research studies conducted from November 13 until December 14 2019 on the odd semester of the 2019/2020 year. Research subjects were 3 students of class VIII of SMP Negeri 2 Salatiga with high, medium, and low mathematics learning outcomes. The collected data were analyzed using Van Hiele's thinking stage. The results of this study found that students with high mathematics learning outcomes reached stage 0 (visualization). Students with medium mathematics learning outcomes were able to reach stage 1 (analysis). Students with low mathematics learning outcomes reached stage 0 (visualization). The conclusion of this study is that Van Hiele's thinking stage for each student is different based on the solving ability of each student
Kemampuan Berpikir Kreatif Matematis dengan Menggunakan Education Game Berbantuan Android pada Barisan dan Deret
Authors: Sanusi Asri Muslim , Septian Ari , Inayah Sarah
Published: November 2021

AbstrakPermasalahan yang melatarbelakangi penelitian ini yaitu karena masih rendahnya kemampuan berpikir kreatif matematis siswa.  Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui apakah bantuan media pembelajaran education game  yang juga sebagai alternatif solusi permasalahan dapat meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kreatif matematis siswa. Kuasi eksperimen dengan desain Nonequivalent group pretest-postest design menjadi metode penelitian ini.  Instrumen tes berbentuk essai tentang literasi matematis, berupa pretest dan posttest. Seluruh siswa kelas XI MAN 1 Cianjur pada tahun ajaran 2019/2020  menjadi populasinya, sedangkan sampelnya dipilih melalui teknik purposive sampling yaitu kelas XI MIPA 4 sebanyak 25 siswa sebagai kelas eksperimen yang diberikan perlakuan dengan menggunakan education game berbantuan android dan XI MIPA 3 sebanyak 25 siswa sebagai kelas kontrol dengan pembelajaran biasa. Hasilnya, peningkatan kemampuan berpikir kreatif matematis siswa dengan education game berbantuan android lebih baik dibandingkan dengan peningkatan pada siswa dengan pembelajaran biasa.  Mathematical Creative Thinking Ability Using Education Game Android Assisted on Sequence and SeriesAbstractThis study aims to determine whether the help of education game learning media which is also an alternative solution to problems can improve students' mathematical creative thinking abilities. The research method used was a quasi-experimental design with a Nonequivalent group pretest-posttest design. The instruments are in the form of a mathematical literacy test in the form of a pre-test and a post-test. The population of this research was all students of class XI MAN 1 Cianjur in the academic year 2019/2020 which were spread out in eleven classes, while the sample was selected by using two purposive sampling techniques, namely class XI MIPA 4 as many as 25 students as an experimental class who were treated using media assistance learning educational games and Mathematics and Natural Sciences 3 as many as 25 students as a control class with ordinary learning. The result is the increase in students' mathematical creative thinking abilities with educational game android assisted is better than the increase in students with ordinary learning.
The influence of geographic mobility and gender on Indiana wages
Authors: Zimmer Timothy E. , Snyder Allison , Miller Amanda , Slaper Timothy F.
Published: November 2021

The study examines wage differentials of individuals experiencing unemployment episodes using a multivariate analysis of wage and unemployment records. The focus is the wage effect of small distance geographic mobility (micro-mobility) during job seeking. The results identify limitations on geographic micro-mobility as a source of wage disparity in the re-employment market. The study isolates persistent gender differences in geographic mobility rates and hypothesizes this as a potential source of gender-wage disparity in both the re-employment and greater labor market.

The data and methods are unique. The dataset is Indiana administrative wage records over a ten-year period for individuals that experience unemployment episodes. The study assesses unemployment as an exogenous shock on wages to determine underlying influences in the labor market. The novel approach is unconstrained by limitations associated with aggregated or proxy data.
UBNet: Deep learning-based approach for automatic X-ray image detection of pneumonia and COVID-19 patients
Authors: Widodo Chomsin S. , Naba Agus , Mahasin Muhammad M. , Yueniwati Yuyun , Putranto Terawan A. , Patra Pangeran I.
Published: November 2021

BACKGROUND: Analysis of chest X-ray images is one of the primary standards in diagnosing patients with COVID-19 and pneumonia, which is faster than using PCR Swab method. However, accuracy of using X-ray images needs to be improved. OBJECTIVE: To develop a new deep learning system of chest X-ray images and evaluate whether it can quickly and accurately detect pneumonia and COVID-19 patients. METHODS: The developed deep learning system (UBNet v3) uses three architectural hierarchies, namely first, to build an architecture containing 7 convolution layers and 3 ANN layers (UBNet v1) to classify between normal images and pneumonia images. Second, using 4 layers of convolution and 3 layers of ANN (UBNet v2) to classify between bacterial and viral pneumonia images. Third, using UBNet v1 to classify between pneumonia virus images and COVID-19 virus infected images. An open-source database with 9,250 chest X-ray images including 3,592 COVID-19 images were used in this study to train and test the developed deep learning models. RESULTS: CNN architecture with a hierarchical scheme developed in UBNet v3 using a simple architecture yielded following performance indices to detect chest X-ray images of COVID-19 patients namely, 99.6%accuracy, 99.7%precision, 99.7%sensitivity, 99.1%specificity, and F1 score of 99.74%. A desktop GUI-based monitoring and classification system supported by a simple CNN architecture can process each chest X-ray image to detect and classify COVID-19 image with an average time of 1.21 seconds. CONCLUSION: Using three hierarchical architectures in UBNet v3 improves system performance in classifying chest X-ray images of pneumonia and COVID-19 patients. A simple architecture also speeds up image processing time.
Composición florística de la formación forestal y sabánica en el Cerrado Aguará Ñu, Reserva Natural del Bosque Mbaracayú, Paraguay
Authors: Cárdenas Rafael , Pérez de Molas Lidia
Published: November 2021

El objetivo de este estudio fue realizar una evaluación ecológica rápida de la flora nativa de la formación forestal y sabánica del Cerrado Aguará Ñu, Reserva Natural del Bosque Mbaracayú de Paraguay, determinando la riqueza de especies y las diferencias de composición entre las mismas, de manera a complementar los levantamientos florísticos ya existentes. Se registró in situ la flora vascular nativa del Cerrado mediante diez transectos de 50 m x 2 m (1000 m2) en cada formación vegetal (forestal y sabánica). Se obtuvo un total de 171 especies en 61 familias. La formación sabánica presentó la mayor riqueza de especies en relación a la formación forestal, con 106 especies en 40 familias y 81 especies en 40 familias, respectivamente. Las especies más frecuentes en la formación sabánica fueron Axonopus cfr. siccus (Nees) Kuhlm., Butia paraguayensis (Barb. Rodr.) L.H. Bailey, Duguetia furfuracea (A. St.-Hil.) Benth. & Hook. f., Campomanesia adamantium (Cambess.) O. Berg, y Pradosia brevipes (Pierre) T.D. Penn. En cuanto a la formación forestal, las especies más frecuentes fueron Copaifera langsdorffii Desf. var. langsdorfii, Didymopanax morototoni (Aubl.) Decne. & Planch., Protium heptaphyllum (Aubl.) Marchand, y Vochysia tucanorum C. Mart. Ambas formaciones vegetales sólo compartieron 14 especies de plantas. La familia Fabaceae registró el mayor número de especies. Por otro lado, se evidenció la disimilitud florística típica entre las formaciones forestales y sabánicas del Cerrado en el área de estudio, lo que sugiere un buen estado de conservación del área protegida. No obstante, dadas las características y limitaciones de la evaluación ecológica rápida, se recomienda seguir monitoreando el área de manera a avanzar hacia una mejor comprensión de la dinámica vegetacional local y una mejor valoración de su biodiversidad.
A civil drónszabályozáson innen, a katonain túl
Authors: Ujjady András , Major Gábor
Published: November 2021

A pilóta nélküli légi járművek megjelenésük óta hasznot és előnyt hoztak a használóiknak és soksok bosszúságot a jármű által okozott csapást elszenvedő félnek. Egészen addig, amíg katonai kézben, hadiipari produktumként tekintettek a légi robotokra, nem volt szükség és nem is alkottak kategóriákat a rendszerezésükre. Miután, mint minden katonai eszköz, tárgy, alkalmazás és tudás, megjelentek a drónok is a civil mindennapokban, egyre nagyobb szükség mutatkozott a korlátozó (vagy megengedő jellegű), keretet adó szabályozás kialakítására. Az alábbi publikációban a szerzők bemutatják, hogy milyen ismérvek, jellemzők alapján lehetséges csoportokba sorolni ezeket az égi eszközöket. A cikkből az olvasó megismerheti továbbá, hogy a katonai pilóta nélküli repülésnek milyen kategóriái léteznek, és ezek milyen különbséget mutatnak egyes országok drónokkal kapcsolatos elképzelései esetében.
A légi uralom elméletének hatása az Izraeli Légierő kialakulására és fejlődésére
Authors: Rémai Dániel József
Published: November 2021

A 20. századot talán nem túlzás a repülés évszázadának nevezni. A technikai fejlődés hatása a modern hadviselés kapcsán is elvitathatatlan. A légi uralom elméletének megalapozója, Giulio Douhet elgondolásai napjainkban is megjelennek a nemzeti légierők szervezése, működtetése során. Az cikkben arra teszek kísérletet, hogy a Douhet-féle alapelvek mentén a kezdetektől napjainkig megvizsgáljam az Izraeli Légierő fejlődéstörténetét, beazonosítsam azokat a jelenségeket, amelyek hasonlóságot mutatnak a légi uralom elméletének valamely elemével. Tekintettel az izraeli biztonsági környezet speciális jellegére, látni fogjuk, hogy ezek vegytisztán szinte egyik történelmi időszakban sem sejlenek fel. Ugyanakkor a modern Izraeli Légierő működése – a kihívásokra és fenyegetésekre való reagálás érdekében – összességében egyesíti magában a légierő eszmerendszerének minden fontos és hasznos elemét.
A social engineering támadások megelőzésének lehetőségei
Authors: Dub Máté
Published: November 2021

Társadalmunk rohamos technológiai fejlődésével párhuzamosan új típusú kihívások és fenyegetések jelentek meg, és nem pusztán a kibertérben, hanem mindennapi  életünk folyamán, az offline térben is fenyegetettségként jelentkeznek. A támadások számában szignifikáns  növekedést, a támadási technikák szempontjából pedig  egyre nagyobb szofisztikáltságot tapasztalhatunk. Gyakran elhangzik, már-már közhelyként, hogy a kiberbiztonság  leggyengébb láncszeme a humán tényező. Ez a gondolat akármennyire is  régóta előfordul a kiberbiztonsággal kapcsolatos publikációkban, annak érvényessége a mai  napig fennáll, ugyanis a támadók  leggyakrabban a nem kellően biztonságtudatos felhasználókat veszik célba, és e  személyek tevékenysége miatt a legkiválóbb  szoftverek sem  nyújthatnak megfelelő biztonságot abban az esetben,  ha a kezelő nem rendelkezik a megfelelő kompetenciákkal. A nem kellően biztonságtudatos emberek számára kifejezetten nagy veszélyt jelentenek az egyre  kifinomultabb social engineering  szintjén zajló támadások,  így e technika támadási keretrendszereinek és támadási  modelljeinek vizsgálatával a megelőzés és az  elkerülés  minél hatékonyabb működését érhetjük el. Természetesen e tekintetben a tudatosítás és az oktatásba történő  bevezetés  fontosságát sem szabad elhanyagolnunk. Kutatásomban a cél a védettség prosperálási lehetőségeinek vizsgálata volt a fentebb  részletezett  kiberfenyegetettségekkel szemben. Empirikus kísérletek  elemzésével, a social engineering szintjén zajló támadások megelőzésével kapcsolatban a fő kérdést úgy  fogalmazhatjuk meg, hogy vajon az adat- és  információbiztonság, a biztonságtudatosság potenciálisan  növelhető-e az érdeklődés felkeltése, a személyes, problémaorientált példák és az oktatásba való implementálás mentén?
Az emberi csípő, térd és gerinc biomechanikai jellemzői, valamint terhelés hatására létrejött elváltozásainak áttekintő elemzése
Authors: Zsákai Zsolt
Published: November 2021

Tanulmányomban, amely egy szélesebb kutatás része, a  haderő aktív állományának mozgásszervi terhelését és az  annak következtében kialakuló panaszokat vizsgálom, a  nemzetközi szakirodalomban fellelhető hasonló kutatások  áttekintésével. Cikksorozatom első része a csípőízülettel,  annak biomechanikai összefüggéseivel, a terhelés  következtében fellépő erőhatásokkal és azok  következményeivel foglalkozik. A csípőben kialakuló  terhelési viszonyok bemutatásával látható, hogy még egészséges, normál anatómiájú csípő esetén is jelentős  terhelés esik az ízület porcára. A túlterheléssel, az ízület  anatómiai eltéréseinek következtében vagy ezek együttes hatására a panaszok nagyobb valószínűséggel alakulnak ki.
Cloning and Expression of Serratia Marcescens Prodigiosin Gene in Ecoli XL1blue
Authors:   Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Saveh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Saveh, Iran, Amini Kumarss , Akbari Maryam ,   Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Saveh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Saveh, Iran
Published: November 2021

Background and Objectives: Serratia is a gram-negative bacterium. The pigmentation property of Serratia Marcescens is used as a marker of dust particles in the environment and in the hospital. Today biopigments are also widely used in the manufacture and production of pharmaceutical products. Prodigiosin is a promising drug due to its reported properties of antifungal immunosuppressive and anti-proliferative activities. In the present study, cloning of pig gene- isolated from Serratia Marcescens in Ecoli XL1blue was performed. Subjects and Methods 60 Samples were taken from clinical sources of patients hospitalized with urinary tract infections in Saveh Hospitals. Serratia Marcescens were identified and isolated by different tests. The pig gene was cloned by T-A cloning using PTG-19 vector into the Escherichia coli XL1blue as host. Expression of cloned gene in recombinant colonies was evaluated by Real time PCR. The phylogenetic tree was plotted using clustalX and Mega5 software Results Screening of samples identified 12 isolates of Serratia Marcescens from then 4 isolates had pig gene. Expression of Pig gene in Escherichia coli XL1blue was confirmed by Real-Tima PCR. As a result of phylogenetic studies, some close relatives of serratia have been identified as candidates for further studies Conclusion Serratia Marcescens can be considered as a rich source of pigments with many applications and can be used as indigenous strains to produce Prodigiosin.
The Relationship Between the Amount of Time for Brace Wear and Its Psychological Effects and the Level of Social Participation of Adolescents With Spinal Deformity
Authors:   Department of Physiotherapy, Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran, Behdarvandan Amin , Maktabi Aida ,   Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran., Ghasemzadeh Roya ,   Rehabilitation Management Department, Faculty of Rehabilitation, Jundishapur University, Ahvaz, Iran, Dastoorpor Maryam ,   Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Air Pollution and Respiratory Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
Published: November 2021

Background and Objectives: Braces are common non-surgical treatments for the management of spinal deformities in adolescents. There are factors that may determine the success of non-surgical treatments of spinal deformities. Hence the aim of current study was to investigate the relationship between the amount of time for brace wear and its psychological effects and the level of social participation of adolescents with spinal deformity. Subjects and Methods we examined adolescents undergoing brace treatment for spinal deformity attending to Ahvaz Technical Orthopedic Centers. Among them, 30 adolescents including 3 males and 27 females (mean age: 14.7 (1.92) years) were included in the study. Sampling method was simple non-probability sampling. Data were collected using Fear of Negative Evaluation questionnaire, Participation Scale questionnaire, Bad Sobernheimer stress (Deformity) and Bad Sobernheimer (brace) questionnaire. The duration (hours and months) of brace treatment was also recorded. Statistical analysis was performed using Spearman correlation coefficient calculation and correlational analysis. Results The results demonstrated that the participation scale had a negative correlation with Bad Sobernheimer (brace) score (r= 0.49, p=0.006). Participation scale also had a positive correlation with fear of negative evaluation score (r= 0.42, p=0.019). There were no significant correlation between other variables. Conclusion Psycho-social factors can affect adolescents’ participation score undergoing brace treatment. People with scoliosis and hyper kyphosis undergoing brace treatment are young, so, it is important to consider psychological and social factors during brace treatment, to minimize negative consequences of brace treatment.
Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Lidcomb Treatment Program on Reducing Stuttering in School-age Children
Authors:   Department of Speech Therapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University Of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran, Farmani Elahe
Published: November 2021

Background and Objectives: One of the speech disorders of school age children is stuttering. It has a great impact on communication and self-esteem in these children. There have not been many studies on the efficacy of treatment programs, especially the Lidcomb treatment program, on the severity of stuttering in school-age children. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the Lidcomb treatment program on stuttering in school-age children. Subjects and Methods In this study, 15 children aged 7-11 years with stuttering were administered the Lidcomb treatment. Severity of stuttering was measured in three positions: the beginning of the study, at the end of the first phase and the end of the second phase of the Lidcomb program. Analysis of variance was performed with the SPSS software. Results Comparison of the results showed a significant decrease in stuttering severity in school-age children following the implementation of the Lidcomb program (P=0.000). Conclusion The Lidcomb treatment program is a structured and targeted program that can be effective in reducing stuttering in school-age children.
Evaluation of Preventive Behaviors of Corona Virus (Covid 2019) Among Family Health Ambassadors of Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences in 2020 Using the Health Belief Model
Authors:   Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Ahvaz Jondishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran., Khafaie Morteza , Mahjoob Banafsheh ,   Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Ahvaz Jondishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran., Mojadam Mehdi ,   Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Ahvaz Jondishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
Published: November 2021

Background and Objectives: A new generation of corona virus in the areas of China, Wuhan City has been expanded and has caused many deaths. The virus is highly contagious and spreads rapidly. So far, thousands of people have been infected with the virus. The aim of this study was to investigate the status of preventive behaviors of corona virus among household health ambassadors of Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences using the health belief model. Subjects and Methods This study is a cross-sectional study of analytical type that was conducted on 1020 household health ambassadors of the cities covered by Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences in the fall of 1399. Samples were taken using available sampling and by sending an online questionnaire link to the participants. The questionnaire was completed online. A researcher-made questionnaire was used to collect data, whose validity and reliability were determined. For data analysis, Spss software, descriptive and analytical statistics were used. Results The mean age of study participants was 31.12±7.66 years. The scores of perceived benefit were 18.81±1.80 and self-efficacy 31.76±3.71, which was higher than other structures. Correlation coefficient test showed a significant correlation between corona virus preventive behaviors and all model constructs. In regression analysis, it was found that model constructs predicted 23.7% (R2=0.237) of behavior changes. Conclusion The results confirm the predictive role of perceived benefits, barriers and perceived self-efficacy concepts in corona virus disease prevention behaviors based on the Health Belief Model. Therefore, methods of promoting these constructs, such as verbal persuasion, raising awareness of the benefits, barriers and abilities of individuals through virtual media and providing appropriate models for them, can be used as factors to improve preventive behaviors of corona virus.