bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparative Analysis of Shapley Value-Based Feature Selection
Authors: Trotskii Igor , Farea Amer , Emmert-Streib Frank
Published: February 2025

Feature selection from data is a pivotal area within machine learning, statistics, and artificial intelligence. Given the lack of a unified concept so far, numerous methodologies have been introduced to address this challenge. Recently, the Shapley value has gained traction for feature selection, driven partly by its accomplishments in explainable AI and interpretable machine learning. This paper aims to explore feature selection using the Shapley value, comparing it with established methods. Specifically, we conduct a comparative analysis of 14 distinct feature selection methods by studying their performance across four datasets representing three diverse data types. As a result, we find that Shapley value-based feature selection is competitive to the best methods from the literature, including Minimum Redundancy Maximum Relevance and Predictive Permutation Feature Selection, but not under all conditions. Furthermore, our analysis sheds light on some more fundamental aspect by demonstrating that there is no feature selection method that dominates all others for all data. Also, application of feature selection seems not necessarily beneficial for all data.
A Novel Feedforward Youla Parameterization Method for Avoiding Local Minima in Stereo Image Based Visual Servoing Control
Authors: Li Rongfei , Assadian Farhad
Published: February 2025

In robot navigation and manipulation, accurately determining the camera’s pose relative to the environment is crucial for effective task execution. In this paper, we systematically prove that this problem corresponds to the Perspective-3-Point (P3P) formulation, where exactly three known 3D points and their corresponding 2D image projections are used to estimate the pose of a stereo camera. In image-based visual servoing (IBVS) control, the system becomes overdetermined, as the 6 degrees of freedom (DoF) of the stereo camera must align with 9 observed 2D features in the scene. When more constraints are imposed than available DoFs, global stability cannot be guaranteed, as the camera may become trapped in a local minimum far from the desired configuration during servoing. To address this issue, we propose a novel control strategy for accurately positioning a calibrated stereo camera. Our approach integrates a feedforward controller with a Youla parame-terization-based feedback controller, ensuring robust servoing performance. Through simulations, we demonstrate that our method effectively avoids local minima and enables the camera to reach the desired pose accurately and efficiently.
An Interesting Equation Yields the Mond but Does Not Rule Out the Existence of Dark Matter
Authors: Hu Jinwen
Published: February 2025

Inspired by the idea in Ref. [16], which introduced a viscosity coefficient into the expansion equation describing the universe, we also attempt to introduce such a positive viscosity coefficient into the rotational motion equation describing the galaxies, and then studies what will happen. Surprisingly, we obtained all the formulas assumed in MOND, including a concrete interpolation function between the centripetal acceleration and the Newtonian acceleration. But at the same time, something different from MOND was also obtained, that is, the critical acceleration, a0 in MOND, does not need to be a constant, but increases with the mass of the galaxy increases, and with the action of viscosity coefficient, the rotational galaxies will gradually expand radially over time at a extreme small expansion rate, just like the expansion of the universe. However, unlike MOND, the model in this paper cannot rule out the existence of dark matter. Instead, the mass of dark matter can be used to help to adjust the value of A0 (here it just to distinguish from a0 in MOND, and A0 and a0 have the same meaning in the equation), thereby helping to better fit the radial acceleration relation (RAR) curve of galaxies. However, unlike ΛCDM, even if dark matter exists, it does not need to be carefully adjusted to meet the asymptotically flat rotational velocity curve of galaxies. The rotational curve of galaxies with this characteristic can be also achieved under the viscous dynamics of the galaxy itself.
On the Complete Analogy of Complex Analysis and Real Analysis in the Field of Vectors V₂
Authors: Saric Branko
Published: February 2025

On the basis of the isomorphic algebraic structures of the field of complex numbers ℂ and the 2-dimensional Euclidean field of vectors V₂, in terms of identical geometric products of elements, in this paper vector integral identities have been derived for scalar and vector fields in V₂, which are vector analogues of the well-known integral identities of complex analysis. In doing so, special attention is given to the vector analogue in V₂ of Cauchy's calculus of residues.
Moderate Nitrogen Application Synergistically Improved Yield and Quality of Nanjing Series japonica Rice Varieties with Good Taste
Authors: Wei Xiaodong , Zhao Qingyong , Zhao Chunfang , Zhang Yong , Chen Tao , Zhu Zhen , Lu Kai , He Lei , Zhou Lihui , Huang Shendong , Li Yusheng , Cailin Wang , Zhang Yadong
Published: February 2025

Nanjing series japonica rice varieties developed by the Institute of Food Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences in China have the characteristics of excellent taste quality, high yield, and good resistance. They are being widely promoted and applied in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River in China's japonica rice planting areas. In response to the problem of the lack of coordination between nitrogen fertilizer management measures and variety characteristics in production, which makes it difficult to synergistically improve yield and quality, this study adopted a split-plot experimental design, with four nitrogen application rates (pure nitrogen) treatments (N1: 0 kg hm-2; N2: 150kg hm-2; N3: 300 kg hm-2; N4: 450 kg hm-2 in 2021, N1: 120 kg hm-2; N2: 180kg hm-2; N3: 240 kg hm-2; N4: 300 kg hm-2 in 2022) as the main plot, and four varieties (2021: Nanjing 46, Nanjing 9108, Nanjing 9308 and Nanjingxiangnuo; 2022: Nanjing 9108, Nanjing 5718, Nanjing 5818 and Nanjing 5758) as the split plot, to study the effect of nitrogen fertilizer application on yield and rice quality. The results showed that the differences between different nitrogen fertilizer treatments were significant at the 5% or 1% level, except for the milled rice rate, head rice rate, peak viscosity, setback viscosity and paste temperature in 2021, panicle number, grain number per panicle, all RVA characteristic values, and amylose content in 2022. With the increase of nitrogen application rate, the number of panicles and grain number per panicle increased, and the yield increased. The rates of brown rice, milled rice, and head rice showed an upward trend, while the rates of chalky grains and chalkiness were increased. The peak viscosity, hot viscosity, final viscosity, and breakdown viscosity decreased, while the setback viscosity increased. For the quality of cocked rice, the hardness increased, appearance, viscosity and balance decreased, protein content increased, and taste value decreased. The interaction between nitrogen application rate and variety only reached a significant level of 5% or 1% in yield components, processing quality, and rice protein content in 2021, and in eating and cooking quality, appearance quality and peak viscosity in 2022, other traits were not significant. The comprehensive results of two years of experiments showed that under the conditions of this experiment, a nitrogen application rate of 240-300 kg hm-2 could improve the quality of rice in the Nanjing series varieties while maintaining a high yield. The results of this experiment have guiding significance for the high-yield and high-quality cultivation of Nanjing series excellent tasting japonica rice.
Overview of the Surgical Management of Oligometastatic Disease in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Anca Monica Oprescu Macovei , Paula Venter Dana , Dumitriu Bogdan Cristian , Constantin Oprescu , Dan Venter Mircea , Sebastian Valcea , Socea Bogdan , Stefan Mihai
Published: February 2025

Oligometastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) refers to a state in which distant metastatic spread is limited to a few sites, offering the potential for curative treatment with aggressive local therapies. The surgical management of oligometastatic CRC has gained increasing attention due to its potential to improve survival. This review explores the evolving role of surgery in the treatment of oligometastatic disease, focusing on the criteria for selecting patients, surgical techniques, and outcomes. While systemic therapy remains essential, surgery can offer long-term survival benefits for appropriately selected patients with limited metastatic disease, particularly those with metastases confined to the liver, lungs, or isolated sites in other organs. Advances in imaging technologies, minimally invasive surgical techniques, and perioperative care have enhanced the safety and efficacy of these procedures. The integration of multimodal therapies, such as chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy, in conjunction with surgery, is also discussed, with a focus on optimizing outcomes. This review aims to clarify how and when liver resection first can be chosen, when preoperative systemic treatment is needed and if this is chosen, what is the best approach.
Identification of Rice LncRNAs and Their Roles in the Rice Blast Resistance Network Using Transcriptome and Translatome
Authors: Shan Xiaoliang , Xia Shengge , Peng Long , Tang Cheng , Tao Shentong , Baig Ayesha , Zhao HongWei
Published: February 2025

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as pivotal regulators in plant immune responses, yet their roles in rice resistance against Magnaporthe oryzae (M. oryzae) remain inadequately explored. In this study, we integrated translatome data with conventional genome annotations to construct an optimized protein-coding dataset. Subsequently, we developed a robust pipeline (“RiceLncRNA”) for the accurate identification of rice lncRNAs. Using strand-specific RNA sequencing (ssRNA-seq) data from the resistant (IR25) and susceptible (LTH) and Nipponbare (NPB) varieties under M. oryzae infection, we identified 9,003 high-confidence lncRNAs, significantly improving identification accuracy over traditional methods. Among the differentially expressed lncRNAs (DELs), those unique to IR25 were enriched in the biosynthetic pathways of phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan, which suggests that they enhance the production of salicylic acid (SA) and auxin (IAA) precursors to trigger defense responses. Conversely, DELs specific to LTH primarily clustered within carbon metabolism pathways, indicating a metabolic reprogramming mechanism. Notably, 21 DELs responded concurrently in both IR25 and LTH at 12 h and 24 h post-inoculation, indicating a synergistic regulation of jasmonic acid (JA) and ethylene (ET) signaling while partially suppressing IAA pathways. Weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) and competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network analysis revealed that key lncRNAs (e.g., LncRNA.9497.1) function as miRNA “sponges,” thereby indirectly modulating the expression of receptor-like kinases (RLKs), resistance (R) proteins, and hormone signaling pathways. The reliability of these findings was confirmed through qRT-PCR and cloning experiments. In summary, our study provides an optimized rice lncRNA annotation framework and reveals the mechanism by which lncRNAs enhance rice blast resistance through the regulation of hormone signaling pathways. These findings offer an important molecular basis for rice disease-resistant breeding.
Surveillance of Ants and Mealybug Populations in Virginia Vineyards
Authors: Chalise Pragya , Pfeiffer D.G. , Kuhar Thomas , Nita Mizuho , Jordan T. , Brewster Carlyle , Mays Ryan
Published: February 2025

Mealybugs (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) are one of the prevalent pests infesting wine grapes in the eastern United States. Their close association with ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) provides them protection against natural enemies. In this paper, we present our research on identification of mealybug species and ant genera around vineyard and the effect of the use of sugar dispensers on the populations of ants and mealybug around the vineyard and on fruit cluster infestations. Field trials were carried out in two commercial vineyards in Virginia, United States, with a history of mealybug infestations. The sugar dispensers with and without insecticide were deployed to control ant populations on the vineyard. Pseudococcus maritimus (Ehrhorn) and Ferrisia gilli Gullan were the two species of mealybugs recorded from both sites. Tetramorium Mayr, Lasius Fabricius, Solenopsis molesta (Say), Crematogaster Lund and Pheidole Westwood were some of the dominant ant genera found in close asso-ciation with mealybugs. Ant number remained low in the untreated check throughout the sampling season. Sugar dispensers having insecticide although had higher number of ants, the number started decreasing subsequently throughout the sampling season. Fruit cluster infestation was also higher in the untreated check lacking any sugar dispensers.
Developing Cross-Border Spatial Planning: Towards a Common Understanding through the Forthcoming EGTC in Inland Gali-cia-Northern Portugal?
Authors: Vila-Lage Roberto , Otero-Varela Alejandro , Paül Valerià
Published: February 2025

At the border between Galicia (Spain) and Northern Portugal, where three European Groups of Territorial Cooperation (EGTC) currently operate, the process to establish a fourth one is underway: Raia Seca Gerês/Xurés (RSGX). This new cross-border coopera-tion structure covers an area rich in natural and cultural heritage but has faced significant challenges since the mid-20th century, including population ageing and decline, farm-land abandonment, deterioration of built heritage, and an increase in wildfires. This arti-cle analyses, from an academic perspective, the interviews conducted within the frame-work of developing the RSGX EGTC’s cross-border territorial strategy. The goal is to deci-pher to what extent a common understanding between both sides of the border might en-able the delivery of a common spatial plan managed by the EGTC under the auspices of the sustainable development paradigm. The findings suggest that the success of the future EGTC will depend on its ability to implement shared integrated planning that fosters cross-border cooperation, overcomes administrative barriers, and promotes balanced, in-clusive, and sustainable development.
Two Novel Erythrobacter Phages Represent a New Genus of Eausmariqdvirus
Authors: Lu Longfei , Yang Yunlan , Wei Shuzhen , Jiao Nianzhi , Zhang Rui , Li Xuejing
Published: February 2025

Erythrobacter, an aerobic anoxygenic photoheterotrophic bacterial genus, plays a vital role in carbon and energy cycling in marine environments. However, their phage predators remain poorly understood, with only two strains previously reported. This study isolated and characterized two novel Erythrobacter phages, vB_EauS-R34L1 (R34L1) and vB_EauS-R34L2 (R34L2), from coastal seawater. Both phages exhibit long-tailed, icosahedral morphologies and relatively narrow but slightly different host ranges. One-step growth curve analysis revealed a 160-min latent period and burst sizes of 81 and 91 PFU/cell for R34L1 and R34L2, respectively. Genomic analysis showed that the phages possess dsDNA genomes of 56,415 bp (R34L1) and 54,924 bp (R34L2), with G+C contents of 61.60% and 61.19%, respectively. Both phages harbor a suite of unique genes, including GapR and GH19, which are crucial for host interaction and ecological functionality. Blastn analysis indicated a 99.73% genome similarity between them. Taxonomic and phylogenetic analyses positioned them in a novel viral genus cluster, Eausmariqdvirus, under the family Casjensviridae, indicating a distant evolutionary relationship with known phages. Metagenomic queries suggested that R34L1- and R34L2-like phages are exclusively abundant in temperate and tropical epipelagic zones. This study expands our understanding of Erythrobacter phages and provides insights into their ecological roles in marine ecosystems.
Transnational Salafi Education and Its Consequences for Multicultural Harmony in Indonesia
Authors: Syafruddin Rif’an , Anshary Hafiz , Wahyudin Wahyudin , Hidayah Ahdiyatul
Published: February 2025

The increasing influence of Salafi ideology in educational institutions, often brings textual interpretations of Islamic teachings, thus affecting the dynamics of religious diversity in a multicultural society. The main focus of this research is how transnational Salafi education affects the mindset, religious attitudes, and social relations between religious communities in Indonesia. This article aims to analyze transnational Salafi education and its impact on multireligious harmony in Indonesia. This study used a qualitative method with a literature study approach. Data was collected through searching sources from the internet, academic books, and scientific journals related to Salafi education and multireligious harmony. The analysis process was carried out thematically to identify patterns of influence of Salafi education on interreligious relations in Indonesia. The results of the study showed that transnational Salafi education tended to influence the exclusive mindset of some students, which could hinder interfaith communication. However, there were also Salafi educational institutions that have begun to adopt a moderate approach to teaching, thus contributing positively to social relations. This article emphasizes the importance of strengthening the value of inclusivity in the religious education curriculum to maintain harmony in the midst of Indonesia's diversity. This research provides new insights into the challenges and opportunities of Salafi education in building multireligious harmony in Indonesia.
A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Intramedullary Nailing Versus External Fixation for Open Tibial Fractures in Tanzania
Authors: O’Marr Jamieson M. , Rodarte Patricia , Haonga Billy , Ngunyale Patrick , Roberts Heather , Morshed Saam , Shearer David
Published: February 2025

Background:

Open tibial fractures are a cause of substantial orthopaedic morbidity in low- and middle-income countries. These injuries represent a substantial cost burden to both individual patients and society because of their high propensity for complications, such as infection, nonunion, and malunion. External fixation and intramedullary (IM) nailing are both utilized for definitive treatment of open tibial fractures, but given the differences in cost and lack of clear superiority of intramedullary nailing, cost-effectiveness becomes important to consider in low- and middle-income countries. The present study aimed to examine the cost-effectiveness of IM nailing versus external fixation within Tanzania.

Methods:

This study utilized data from a randomized controlled trial conducted at a single tertiary hospital in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Direct cost data were collected via an internal audit of operating costs and hospital staff time. Indirect costs data were collected from patients in a long-term follow-up study assessing total lost work. A Markov model was utilized to run the cost-effectiveness simulations. The primary outcome was the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) over a lifetime time horizon. Both the payer and societal perspectives were considered. To account for uncertainty, both 1-way and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were performed.

Results:

From the payer perspective, the cost of external fixation ($396 USD) was lower than that of IM nailing ($529), primarily because of shorter operative times. However, IM nailing was associated with more quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs). From the payer perspective, the ICER was $499 per QALY with a donated nail and $701 per QALY with a purchased locally available nail. From the societal perspective, the ICER was lower among patients undergoing IM nailing, at $70 per QALY, largely because of shorter recovery times.

Conclusions:

From both the payer and the societal perspective, IM nailing is considered highly cost-effective on the basis of the World Health Organization willingness-to-pay thresholds. This finding was consistent whether the IM nail was donated or purchased from local suppliers. These results are likely generalizable to other tertiary referral centers in low- and middle-income countries.

Level of Evidence:

Economic Level II. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Study on Real-time Photoluminescence Intensity Change of InyGa1-yAs1-xNx Alloys by CW-Laser Irradiation
Authors: Sultan Zamil , Yagi Shuhei , Takamiya Kengo , Yaguchi Hiroyuki
Published: February 2025

In this study, we measured the photoluminescence (PL) intensity of InyGa1−yAs1 − xNx alloys in real time under continuous-wave (CW) laser irradiation to investigate the effects of nitrogen and indium concentrations on the performance degradation and reliability during device operation. First, we found that the PL intensity changes clearly with fast and slow components during laser irradiation for InyGa1−yAs1 − xNx alloys with different nitrogen and indium concentrations. We found that increasing nitrogen concentration in InyGa1−yAs1 − xNx alloys with a constant indium concentration led to smaller and slower degradation in the PL intensity during laser irradiation while increasing nitrogen concentration causes larger improvement in the PL intensity for GaAs1 − xNx alloys during laser irradiation. On the other hand, increasing indium concentration in InyGa1−yAs alloys without nitrogen atoms causes larger and faster degradation in the normalized PL intensity. Thus, we concluded that indium atoms are responsible for the PL degradation, whereas nitrogen atoms are responsible for the PL improvement during laser irradiation in these alloys. In addition, high power density laser irradiation leads to larger and faster PL degradation in InyGa1−yAs1 − xNx alloys, indicating that the reliability of device performance is significantly degraded when operating in high-power excitation mode. Therefore, real-time PL measurements with high power density laser irradiation are expected to be a useful technique for analyzing the degradation processes and reliability in optoelectronic devices during operation.
Halide Ion-Templated Atomic Precision Synthesis and Structural Modulation of Silver Sulfide Nanoclusters
Authors: Dai Juefei , Shi Chuanhua , Zhang Zhixun , Nong Yan , Feng Chenchen , Yu Xianyong , Yang Chao , Zhang Xueji , Yang Huayan
Published: February 2025

In the realm of nanomaterials science, the precise and controllable synthesis of nanoclusters remains a formidable challenge. This study focuses on the synthesis of silver sulfide nanoclusters via the halide ion template method, with an in - depth exploration of the underlying synthesis mechanism. By meticulously regulating halogen ion concentration, reaction solvent, and other reaction parameters, a diverse array of nanoclusters with distinct structures has been successfully fabricated and characterized at the atomic - precision level using X-ray single crystal diffraction. The results clearly demonstrate that halogen ion concentration exerts a profound influence on the structural characteristics of the clusters. Different halogen ions can trigger the formation of disparate nucleation sites and structures, and the choice of solvent also plays a crucial role in determining the structural properties of the clusters.
Advanced Engineered Nanoplatforms to Overcome Biological Barriers for Targeting Brain Tumors
Authors: Sultana Shaheen , Gupta Jyoti , Sharma Vikram , Gupta Komal , Khosla Gayatri , Mishra Darshna
Published: February 2025

Effective drug delivery to the brain is critically hindered by the blood-brain barrier (BBB), a selective barrier that complicates treatment for central nervous system (CNS) disorders, including brain tumors. Recent innovations in pharmaceutical sciences have introduced new strategies to surmount this challenge and enhance therapeutic efficacy.
This review aims to assess recent advancements in engineered nanoplatforms designed to overcome the BBB, with a focus on their application in brain tumor targeting. It seeks to evaluate different drug delivery strategies and formulations that enhance brain penetration, improve targeting precision, and minimize systemic side effects.
A comprehensive review of the literature and recent studies on brain-targeting strategies was conducted. The review examined the strategies to prolong blood circulation time and analyzed particularly the PEGylation approach, lipid-based nanocarrier, albumin binding strategies and red blood cell-based delivery. It also explored various strategies (e.g., peptides, prodrug, antibodies, nanotechnology, ligand-based delivery) and subcellular targeting techniques aimed at enhancing brain drug delivery and cellular uptake.
PEGylation was found to significantly improve the ability of nano carriers to penetrate brain tumors by reducing macrophage-mediated clearance. Nanotechnology-based strategies coupled with ligand-based approaches effectively enhance brain delivery. Subcellular targeting strategies facilitated endolysosomal escape, leading to better therapeutic agent retention within brain tumor cells.
Advances in nanotechnology and targeting strategies offer promising solutions for overcoming the BBB and improving brain tumor treatment. These novel strategies significantly enhance brain targeting while minimizing systemic effects. Continued research is essential to optimize these methods and achieve more effective therapeutic outcomes.
Emulgel-Based Formulations of Clobetasol Propionate: Formulation Development, Characterization, and Pharmacological Evaluation
Authors: Singh Kuldeep , Gupta Jeetendra Kumar , Jain Divya , Sharma Mukesh Chandra , Kumar Shivendra , Chaudhary Ramkumar , Mishra Sakshi
Published: February 2025

Topical formulations of corticosteroids, particularly clobetasol propionate (CP), are
commonly used to treat a range of dermatological conditions. CP is a potent corticosteroid known
for its efficacy in managing inflammatory and pruritic manifestations of corticosteroid-responsive
dermatoses. Emulgel-based formulations of CP have emerged as an innovative approach, offering
advantages like improved drug solubility, enhanced skin penetration, and extended drug release.
This review aims to provide an updated overview of the latest advancements in the development
and evaluation of CP emulgel formulations. Key aspects discussed include the selection and optimization
of emulgel components, formulation characterization, in vitro drug release, and pharmacological
activities such as anti-inflammatory and anti-pruritic effects. Emphasis is placed on recent studies
and innovations that underscore the potential of CP emulgels in dermatological therapy, highlighting
their promising applications in enhancing therapeutic efficacy and patient outcomes.
Tıp fakültesi son sınıf öğrencilerinin toplumsal cinsiyet eşitliği algılarının ve tutumlarının değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Cihan Fatma Gökşin , Kutlu Ruhuşen , Karaoğlu Nazan
Published: February 2025

Giriş: Hekimlerde toplumsal cinsiyet farkındalığı olmasının sağlıkta eşitliği sağlayacak önemli bir unsur olduğu bilinmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, hekim adaylarının toplumsal cinsiyet algısını ve cinsiyet rollerine karşı tutumlarını ortaya koyabilmekti.
Metod: Bu kesitsel araştırmada veri toplamak için tıp fakültesi son sınıf öğrencilerine sosyodemografik bilgiler, Toplumsal Cinsiyet Algısı Ölçeği (TCAÖ) ve Toplumsal Cinsiyet Rolleri Tutum Ölçeği’nden (TCRTÖ) oluşan anket formu doldurtuldu.
Bulgular: Çalışmaya katılan 232 öğrencinin yaş ortalamaları 24,2±1,5 (22-34) yıl olup bu öğrencilerin %48,3'ü (n=87) erkek, %79,4'ü (n=143) bekar, %71,7'si (n=129) il merkezinde doğmuş ve %90,6'sı (n=163) çekirdek ailede yetişmişti. Tıp fakültesini seçme açısından ekonomik ve maddi nedenler erkek cinsiyette, duygusal ve çevresel nedenler kadın cinsiyette daha önemli bulundu (p=0,027). Tüm çalışma grubunun TCAÖ puanı 92,1±17,9; TCRTÖ puanı ise 107,3±10,1 puan olarak hesaplanmıştır. Annesi çalışmakta olan katılımcıların TCAÖ puanları, anneleri çalışmayanlardan anlamlı olarak yüksekti (p=0,005). Tıp fakültesini maddi nedenlerle seçenlerin TCRTÖ puanı (110,4±10,9) duygusal bir nedenle tercih yapmış olanların puanından (105,8±9,4) anlamlı olarak yüksekti (p=0,001). TCAÖ puanı ve TCRTÖ toplam ve alt grupları puanları arasında geleneksel cinsiyet rolü ile erkek cinsiyet rolü arasında pozitif yönde çok güçlü derecede bir korelasyon saptanırken (r=0,546, p<0,001), kadın cinsiyet rolü arasında pozitif yönde orta derecede bir korelasyon saptandı (r=0,259, p<0,001). Doğrusal regresyon analizi ile toplam TCAÖ’ deki yüksekliğin %68,9’u geleneksel cinsiyet rolüne atfedilmektedir (R2=0,689). TCRTÖ puanı ile geleneksel cinsiyet rolü puanı arasında pozitif yönde çok güçlü derecede bir korelasyon saptandı (r=0,848, p<0,001). Doğrusal regresyon analizi sonucu toplam TCRTÖ’deki yüksekliğin %72,0’ı geleneksel cinsiyet rolüne atfedilmektedir (R2=0,720)
Sonuç: Tıp Fakültesi öğrencilerinin kültürün ve çevrenin etkilerini taşıması ve eğitimin etkisi ile değişebilme şanslarının olması bu çalışmayı önemli kılmaktadır.
Pengaruh Financial Technology Payment, Financial Knowledge Dan Financial Attitude Terhadap Financial Management Behavior
Authors: Mulya Avyana Trista , Juwita Himmiyatul Amanah Jiwa
Published: February 2025

The objective of this research is to identify and analyze the effects of financial technology payment, financial knowledge, and financial attitude on financial management behavior. The objects are students of Faculty of Economics and Business of Universitas Brawijaya. this explanatory research elucidates the causal relationship between its dependent and independent variables using quantitative approach. Using purposive sampling technique, 100 student of Faculty of Economics and Business of Universitas Brawijaya batches of 2020, 2021, and 2022 who have passed financial management course and use financial technology payment service application were selected as the respondents. The data of this study was harvested from 5-point Likert-scaled closed questionnaires and analyzed using multiple linear regression in IBM SPSS Statistics version 25. This study finds that financial technology payment, financial knowledge, and financial attitude significantly influence financial management behavior.
 
Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis pengaruh financial technology payment, financial knowledge, dan financial attitude terhadap financial management behavior. Objek penelitian yang digunakan adalah mahasiswa Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Universitas Brawijaya. Penelitian ini merupakan explanatory research yang menjelaskan hubungan kausal antar variabel dependen dan independen dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Metode pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui penyebaran kuesioner tertutup menggunakan skala pengukuran likert lima poin. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan metode purposive sampling. Sampel yang digunakan pada penelitian ini berjumlah 100 responden dengan kriteria yaitu mahasiswa Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Universitas Brawijaya angkatan 2020-2022, telah menempuh mata kuliah manajemen keuangan dan menggunakan aplikasi layanan financial technology payment. Data diolah menggunakan metode analisis regresi linear berganda dengan bantuan software SPSS IBM Statistic versi 25. Hasil penelitian mengindikasikan bahwa financial technology payment, financial knowledge, dan financial attitude berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap kep financial management behavior.
Financial Flexibility Analysis on Energy Sector Publicly Listed Firms
Authors: Tambunan Mikael Gabe Pahala , Wijayanti Risna
Published: February 2025

The purpose of this research is to analysis the financial flexibility in companies within the energy sector during the period from 2017 to 2022. This research adopts a descriptive research design. The sampling method employed is purposive sampling, resulting in a sample of 25 companies in the energy sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange before 2014 and classified as mainboard trading. Financial flexibility is measured using the Altman Z-Score first edition (1968), involving ratios such as WCTA, RETA, EBITTA, MVETL, and STA. In the analysis, Altman's cut-off points from 1968 is used to categorize companies as financially flexible or less flexible. A company is considered to have financial flexibility if its Z-Score is above 1.81, while it is considered less flexible if it is below this threshold. The analysis results on the sample companies indicate that the energy sector is experiencing the impact of unexpected conditions, especially for companies listed as mainboard. The findings indicate that companies with financial flexibility demonstrate a better ability to navigate unexpected conditions.
 
Abstrak
Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis fleksibilitas keuangan dalam perusahaan di sektor energi selama periode 2017 hingga 2022. Penelitian ini mengadopsi desain penelitian deskriptif. Metode pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling, menghasilkan sampel dari 25 perusahaan di sektor energi yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia sebelum tahun 2014 dan diklasifikasikan sebagai perdagangan pada papan utama. Fleksibilitas keuangan diukur menggunakan Altman Z-Score edisi pertama (1968), melibatkan rasio seperti WCTA, RETA, EBITTA, MVETL, dan STA. Dalam analisis, cut-off point Altman dari tahun 1968 digunakan untuk mengelompokkan perusahaan sebagai fleksibel atau kurang fleksibel secara keuangan. Sebuah perusahaan dianggap memiliki fleksibilitas keuangan jika nilai Z-Score-nya di atas 1,81, sementara dianggap kurang fleksibel jika di bawah angka 1,81. Hasil analisis pada sampel perusahaan menunjukkan bahwa sektor energi sedang mengalami dampak dari kondisi yang tidak terduga, terutama untuk perusahaan yang terdaftar di papan utama. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa perusahaan dengan fleksibilitas keuangan menunjukkan kemampuan yang lebih baik untuk mengatasi keadaan yang tidak terduga.
The Clinical Neurological Manifestations of Patients Diagnosed with Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Authors: Shareef Omar Hussein , Mohammed Shorsh Ahmed , Gharib Hemn Mohammed
Published: February 2025

Background: Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a condition, in which the median nerve becomes pressed or squeezed at the wrist. This causes pain and numbness in the fingers. Therefore, a neurological study is crucial to assess the condition.Objectives: The objective of this study was to assess the neurological manifestations of CTS and their association with demographic and clinical features from October 2022 to March 2023. Materials and Methods: A quantitative study was carried out over the period of 5 months by prospectively selecting and enrolling 100 CTS patients with a confirmed diagnosis. The CTS assessment questionnaire was modified and patients consented to the study before the data collection. Results: Adults aged 35–44 were the dominant group and the disease was found in females 10 times more than males. The least assigned symptoms were tingling and numbness in the little finger (4%) and neck pain 22%. All the patients with CTS presented with severe levels of CTS. Statistically significant associations were found between occupations, duration of the disease, affected side, other chronic diseases, and the prevalence of the symptoms at P ≤ 0.05. Self-management to sub-side pain and numbness had crucial impact on reducing the symptoms (P ≤ 0.05). Conclusion: The prevalence of the neurological symptoms varied depending on the sociodemographic and clinical features. Self-management had a significant positive impact on reducing some of the neurological symptoms, such as pain in the wrist at night and tingling and numbness in the morning.
Combining Ecological Momentary Assessment and Social Network Analysis to Study Youth Physical Activity and Environmental Influences: Protocol for a Mixed Methods Feasibility Study
Authors: Prochnow Tyler , Dunton Genevieve F , de la Haye Kayla , Pollack Porter Keshia M , Lee Chanam
Published: February 2025

Background

Physical activity (PA) is crucial for youth health, but up to 74% of adolescents fail to meet recommended levels, especially during summer when structured supports associated with school are not available. The social and built environments significantly influence youth PA; yet, their complex interactions remain poorly understood. This study aims to evaluate the feasibility of combining ecological momentary assessment (EMA) and social network analysis to examine bidirectional influences among youth PA, built environments, and social networks during summer.

Objective

The objectives are to (1) evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of the combined EMA and Social Network Analysis protocol, and (2) identify phenotypes using person-level, microtemporal, and dynamic overlap between social and built environments.

Methods

This mixed methods feasibility study with an exploratory observational component will recruit 120 youth aged 12 years to 15 years from an urban school district in Central Texas, US. Participants will first complete a baseline survey to report their general social network patterns and environmental perceptions. Then participants will wear an ActiGraph LEAP accelerometer and respond to EMA prompts via smartphone for 7 days. EMA will assess real-time perceptions of social networks and surrounding built environments, which will be time-matched with accelerometer-assessed PA data. GPS coordinates will be collected with each EMA prompt to assess features of the built environment. Follow-up semistructured interviews will assess protocol acceptability.

Results

This study has been funded by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. Data collection is expected in the summers of 2025, 2026, and 2027.

Conclusions

This innovative approach combines EMA, SNA, accelerometry, and GPS data to provide unprecedented insights into the dynamic interplay between social networks, built environments, and youth PA during summer. Findings will inform the development of more targeted, effective interventions to promote PA among youth. While limitations include potential participant burden and generalizability, the study’s strengths in capturing real-time, contextualized data make it a valuable contribution to understanding youth PA determinants.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

PRR1-10.2196/68667
Evaluation of the functional egg supplement program for pregnant women with chronic energy deficiency
Authors: Sugiyanto Nida Alhusna , Arjuna Tony , Lazuardi Lutfan
Published: February 2025

Purpose: This study aims to determine the effect of functional egg administration on changes in nutritional status, protein intake, and babies born.
Methods: A study analytical with a cross-sectional design that was seen retrospectively. In-depth interviews were conducted with key informants and supporters to support research data.
Results: Analysis found that consumption of functional eggs was not statistically related to nutritional status, weight, and length of the child's body but was descriptively related. Functional egg consumption is associated with increased energy and protein intake with p values ​​0.005 and 0.011 (p <0.05). There was an increase in body weight, MUAC, and nutritional status of chronic energy deficiency (CED) pregnant women becoming NON-CED, thereby reducing the birth of LBW and LBL.
Conclusions: Functional eggs are not used as additional food; they become the mother's central protein intake. There is a need to increase commitment among organizers, implementers, and targets in implementing programs to break the stunting chain.
Student's knowledge, attitude, subjective norms, and perception towards obesity prevention behavior
Authors: Dangga Victorianus , Prabandari Yayi Suryo , Huriyati Emy
Published: February 2025

Purpose: Obesity is an excessive accumulation of fat due to an imbalance of nutrient intake with energy used over a long time. One of the factors that can increase the incidence of obesity is a lack of knowledge about obesity prevention. Knowledge about health affects attitudes as a long-term result of exposure to information. The generated attitude can be a positive or negative response to general objects. Behavior is formed because it arises from intentions that were previously influenced by attitudes, subjective norms, and perceptions. This study aims to determine the relationship between knowledge, attitudes, subjective norms, and perceptions of obesity prevention behavior among students in the Special Region of Yogyakarta.
Methods: This research was conducted using an observational descriptive cross-sectional design among students in the Special Region of Yogyakarta. The study sample size was 384 respondents. Independent variables are knowledge, attitudes, subjective norms, and perceptions of obesity prevention. The dependent variable is the behavior of obesity prevention. All variables were measured using researchers' questionnaires. Bivariate analysis used chi-square and Mann-Whitney tests. Multivariate analysis used logistic regression.
Results: Bivariate analysis of knowledge and behavior showed no relationship (p>0.05), but analysis result of attitudes, subjective norms, and perceptions with behavior of obesity prevention showed a significant relationship (p<0.05). The coefficient of determination in multivariate analysis was 0.086, indicating all variables studied in influence analysis 8.6% behavior of obesity prevention.
Conclusions: There is no relationship between knowledge and behavior of obesity, but there is a significant relationship between attitude, subjective norm, and perception of behavior of obesity prevention among students in the Special Region of Yogyakarta.
Perception of illness and disease, an overview of a diet of people with type 2 diabetes in the COVID-19 era
Authors: Nastaina Hayu Iyaka , Padmawati Retna Siwi , Purba Martalena Br
Published: February 2025

Purpose: One of the management of diabetes mellitus is diet needs special attention, mainly when the pandemic occurred in 2020, which more or less affected people with diabetes in accessing health services. This study aimed to provide an overview of the understanding of type 2 diabetes mellitus and dietary patterns in people with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) with COVID-19.
Methods: This is qualitative research with a case study approach. Researchers collected data through in-depth interviews and observations. The case study was conducted in 2 areas of Kampung Tangguh in Malang, a populated village with a lower-middle economic level. Selection of research participants using a purposive sampling method. In this study, a total of 14 participants were diagnosed with diabetes with an age limit of 45-71 years.
Results: People with T2DM view diabetes as a disease that must be managed well in terms of medication and diet. The significant role of others, such as family, cadres, and health workers, is needed to support successful diabetes management. Kampung Tangguh, with its health dimension, has not been able to play a role in health resilience in the community. The diet applied is still not adequate. Socio-economic is one of the influencing factors.
Conclusions: People with T2DM must anticipate themselves to manage DM and improve their quality of life successfully. The dimension of health resilience in Kampung Tangguh needs to be maximized with the role of cadres as a preventive effort against degenerative diseases in the community.
Block Chain Enhanced Secure Electronic Voting System Using Real Time Face Recognition and OTP Authentication
Authors: Kale Sanket
Published: February 2025

The Real-Time Face Recognition Electronic Voting System is an innovative solution to improve security, reliability,
and transparency in electronic voting systems (EVS). Using advanced deep learning models, it accurately recognizes and verifies
registered voters by identifying unique patterns in their facial features, which significantly reduces the chances of mistakes, like
identifying the wrong person [1]. After a voter’s face is successfully recognized, the system sends a one-time password (OTP) to
their registered mobile number as an extra layer of security, preventing unauthorized access and reducing the risk of voter fraud
[2]. Once voters pass both face recognition and OTP verification, they gain access to the voting interface, where they can
securely cast their vote. Every vote is recorded instantly as a unique transaction on a blockchain ledger, which ensures that votes
cannot be tampered with. The decentralized nature of blockchain also boosts transparency, allowing voters, election officials,
and auditors to verify results without relying on a single central authority [3]. This decentralized setup not only helps prevent
vote tampering and data breaches but also makes the system more trustworthy and secure [4]. Designed to work in real time, the
system has minimal delays, making it a practical choice for large-scale elections and real-world voting needs
Implementation of 8-Bit Asynchronous SAR ADC
Authors: Prasanna P. Durga
Published: February 2025

This study analyses the design of SAR ADC that is suitable for implementing in low power applications. The designed
SAR ADC minimizes the complexities associated with its design using higher frequencies by avoiding the usage of oversampled
clock. A Bootstrap circuit is designed for a sampling and holding which improves increased linearity. Another aspect of the low
power is designing a comparator such that it does not require a pre-amplifier. Successive Approximation register (SAR) ADC is
implemented using a charge redistribution DAC. The SAR logic block generates the digital code thus reducing power
consumption in the circuits. Hence, an 8-bit SAR ADC that exhibits a maximum sampling frequency of 20MHz using 250 nm
CMOS technology is designed in S-SDIT Tanner and its working is verified through circuit level simulations.
Women Empowerment Through MGNREGA: Evidence from Rajasthan
Authors: Arya Vinita
Published: February 2025

The Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA) stands as one of India’s most
ambitious social welfare programs, aimed at addressing rural unemployment and poverty. Beyond its economic objectives,
MGNREGA has also emerged as a catalyst for women’s empowerment in rural areas. This paper reviews existing literature on
the impact of MGNREGA on women’s empowerment in the context of Rajasthan, one of India’s largest and most populous
states. It explores the multifaceted dimensions of empowerment, including economic, social, and political aspects. Furthermore,
the paper highlights the challenges and limitations faced in the implementation of MGNREGA. In conclusion, this review
underscores the transformative potential of MGNREGA in empowering women in Rajasthan, while emphasizing the importance
of addressing the program’s shortcomings to ensure that its benefits are equitably distributed among all beneficiaries.