bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bending Mechanical Property and Multi-objective Optimization of Gradient Foam Aluminum Sandwich Panel Based On Stochastic Pore Model
Authors: Yang Kun , yao yuan , Sha Yunjie , Wang Yibo
Published: October 2024

Foam aluminum, as a new type of filling composite structure, has good energy absorption characteristics, it has good energy absorption characteristics. In this paper, the mechanical response and energy absorption characteristics of gradient foam aluminum sandwich panel under bending conditions are simulated and analyzed. The two-dimensional random distribution model of gradient foam aluminum was built by Digimat, and the feasibility and validity of the model were verified by comparing the compression simulation and quasi-static compression experiment results. Simulation of three-point bending of gradient foam aluminum sandwich panel under impact loading based on stochastic pore model, the bending mechanical property of gradient aluminum foam sandwich panel under impact loading were studied from the aspects of deformation mode and energy absorption performance. The results show that under the same impact displacement, the energy absorption effect of the gradient foam aluminum sandwich panel are obviously better than that of the homogeneous foam aluminum sandwich panel of the same quality. In order to further improve the crashworthiness of gradient foam aluminum sandwich panel, so that the pressure can be evenly distributed to other parts of the sandwich panel, the design point was selected by Latin hypercube sampling, and the response surface was constructed by simulation model. The optimal parameter matching design of gradient foam aluminum sandwich panel under bending condition was obtained by Moga algorithm.It provides some reference for the design and application of gradient foam aluminum sandwich panel in bending.
Pathways to Water Stewardship in Mining Regions: Promoting Processes for Integrated Water Resources Management in the Gobi Desert
Authors: Purevjav Bolormaa , Klein Bern , Dierkes Julian , Kunz Nadja , Xavier André , McFaul Suzette
Published: October 2024

The mining industry is an important sector that contributes to economic growth and employment creation in many developing countries, including in Mongolia. Water access, water quality, and community engagement in mining regions are among the major challenges faced by the Mongolian mining industry. Integrated Water Resource Management (IWRM) is a holistic water management approach that applies principles of economic efficiency, social equity, and environmental sustainability to ensure water sustainability. A research study was carried out to understand stakeholders’ views and perspectives on IWRM and to identify water use practices, challenges, and barriers in the Gobi Desert mining region. The aim of the goal was to identify processes that help to improve access to water in the Gobi Desert region. This research applied a qualitative approach and employed three data collection methods: 1) semi-structured interviews; and 2) field observations and 3) documents and academic articles reviews. Research participants were representatives from mining companies, local communities, government, and river basin administrations.
In the Gobi Desert region, processes contributing to improving water management are:
1) participatory water monitoring, 2) coal processing plant educational visits, 3) local stakeholders council’s meetings, 4) herder’s well improvement projects, 5) independent water auditing, and 6) water advocacy events.
Laparoscopic Single Anastomosis Duodeno-ileal Bypass versus One Anastomosis Gastric Bypass as Revisional Procedures after Sleeve Gastrectomy: Meta-analysis and Systematic Review
Authors: Ahmed Yusuf , Ataya Karim , Almubarak Isa , Ali Manar , Almubarak Abdulla , Yusuf Walaa , Simeonovski Stefan , Mahran Mostafa Mohammed Saad , Aljaafreh Almoutuz , Bourji Hussein El , Yang Wah
Published: October 2024

Introduction: It has been observed that 5-8% of primary bariatric procedures result in treatment failure, necessitating the need for revisional surgery. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we aim to compare the effectiveness of single anastomosis duodeno-ileal bypass (SADI) and one anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB) in addressing weight regain following sleeve gastrectomy.
Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases. Studies were considered eligible if they compared SADI with OAGB as revisional surgeries following sleeve gastrectomy.
Results: Our search strategy yielded 4 articles with a total of 309 patients. Regarding weight loss at 1 year of follow-up, SADI was favorable based on excess weight loss percentage (EWL%) and total weight loss percentage (TWL%). At 2 years of follow-up, EWL% did not show a statistically significant difference between the two operations although TWL% was higher in SADI group. Regarding postoperative bile reflux, the OAGB group had a significantly higher incidence of biliary reflux (OR 0.15; 95% CI 0.04 to 0.53; P = 0.003). Patients enrolled in SADI did not develop anastomotic ulcers according to the 4 studies included in the analysis. In contrast, 7 patients in the OAGB group did develop anastomotic ulcers, but the difference was not statistically significant (OR 0.23; 95% CI 0.05 to 1.10; P = 0.07).
Conclusion: SADI is a feasible procedure with a favorable outcome compared to OAGB as a revisional surgery following sleeve gastrectomy regarding weight loss at 1 year with a lower incidence of postoperative biliary reflux.
The Hidden Dangers: Uncovering Risk Factors for Neonatal Hypoglycemia in Assisted Reproductive Technology Babies
Authors: Nurgaliyeva Zhanar , Ilmuratova Sevara , Lokshin Vyacheslav , Manzhuova Lyazzat , Seisebayeva Roza
Published: October 2024

Background: 12 million children are born worldwide after assisted reproductive technologies (ART), but their health remains a significant area of research. Evidence suggests that neonatal hypoglycemia is more common among children conceived through ART. Our study aims to identify risk factors for neonatal hypoglycemia and the possibility of predicting it in ART-conceived children.
Methods: In our study, 120 children born after ART were involved. The participants met specific criteria, including being born from a successful ART program resulting in single or multiple pregnancies. Those born using donor oocytes/sperm, intrauterine insemination, or surrogacy were not included. Data for the anamnesis were gathered and analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics 26.
Results: ART-conceived children were at greater risk of being born with neonatal hypoglycemia in cases of multiple pregnancies (OR=14.2; 95% CI: 1.71-117.67), isthmic-cervical insufficiency (OR=10.29; 95% CI: 1.47-71.98), premature birth (OR=13.39; 95% CI: 2.61-68.84), and uterine infertility (OR=10.29; 95% CI: 1.47-71.98). ART children had a higher incidence of neonatal hypoglycemia when they were late preterm (OR=16.95; 95% CI: 3.26-88), with fetal growth restriction (OR=13.38; 95% CI: 2.42-73.8), infantile asphyxia (OR=45; 95% CI: 7.86-257.64), congenital pneumonia (OR=16.96; 95% CI: 3.45-83.3), congenital infection (OR=18; 95% CI: 2.98-108.8), respiratory distress syndrome (OR=16.09; 95% CI: 3.6-72.03), and low or very low birth weight. A regression model that exhibited statistical significance encompassed late prematurity, neonatal asphyxia, congenital infection, and maternal hormone intake before pregnancy.
Conclusions: Our study on ART-conceived children highlighted significant risk factors for neonatal hypoglycemia Our developed prognostic model enables early intervention and preventive measures. These findings are valuable for healthcare providers working with ART-conceived children and can improve their care.
Trial registration: The protocol was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT01369355). Date of registration: October 18, 2023; date of enrollment of the first subject: October 23, 2023
Motivations, Perceptions and Impacts of Direct-to-Consumer Genetic Testing Among Users in Brazil
Authors: Penna Larissa Siqueira , Amemiya Raphael Bruno , Pires Thiago , Bonasser Larissa Sousa Silva , Carvalheira Leonardo , Fridman Cintia , Mingroni-Netto Regina Celia , Naslavsky Michel Satya , Filho Ricardo di Lazzaro
Published: October 2024

Purpose
Numerous studies have focused on direct-to-consumer genetic testing (DTC-GT), but little is known about non-North American or European consumers. Therefore, this study assesses the sociodemographic profile, motivations, and impacts of DTC-GT among Brazilian consumers.
Methods
DTC-GT costumers were invited to complete a 30-question online survey anonymously. Data analysis involved descriptive statistics and Chi-Square test, with significant findings analyzed using post-hoc and correspondence analysis.
Results
This study comprised 1513 Brazilian DTC-GT consumers with a mean age of 42 years old and mostly female (60.8%). Participants’ primary motivation for purchasing the test was to discover about their genetic predispositions to diseases (87.24%) followed by biogeographical ancestry (86.19%). While only a fraction of participants consulted healthcare professionals (18.44%), most felt confident in independently understanding the test results (66.89%), which was significantly associated with Health/Biological Sciences professional field (p < 0.001). Additionally, many customers felt glad (63.25%), and few felt worried (13.42%) post-results, especially regarding health outcomes. Lifestyle changes included dietary adjustments (38.66%), regular health check-ups (24.19%) and increased physical activity (16.46%). Overall, 63.98% of respondents reported altering habits following test results.
Conclusion
These findings contribute to understanding the motivations and impacts of DTC-GT among Brazilian consumers, indicating positive lifestyle changes and minimal negative psychological impacts.
Extreme Myopia Caused by Alport Syndrome
Authors: Liu Yuming , Liu Yufan , Ye Zi , Li Zhaohui
Published: October 2024

Importance: A novel mutation in the COL4A5 gene was found and the advantage of the aphakic formula for IOL calculations of patients with anterior lenticonus.
Objective: To report the diagnosis and treatment of a special case of extreme myopia and a novel splicing mutation of Alport Syndrome.
Methods: The proband underwent a complete ophthalmological examination, ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM), Optical biometric measurement, fundus photography, optical coherence tomography (OCT), visual field testing, and hearing testing, and the patient underwent lens surgery. The expression of the alpha 5 chain of type IV collagen in the lens capsule was detected by immunofluorescence. Whole exome sequencing (WES) of the proband and Sanger validation of his parents were performed to screen for pathogenic mutations.
Main outcome measures: Clinical characteristics of the proband, immunofluorescence, whole exome analysis, and Sanger validation.
Results: The proband showed extreme binocular high myopia in both eyes, and the vision could not be improved. UBM showed that the central area of the lens of both eyes protruded forward. OCT showed retinal thinning in the temporal side of the macula in both eyes. The corresponding protein was not expressed in the lens capsule of the proband. WES revealed a novel mutation (c.4821+2T>C: p.?) in the COL4A5 gene. Sanger validation showed that the proband’s mother carried the mutation. There was no expression of the alpha 5 chain of type IV collagen in the lens capsule of the proband. In different formulas, the aphakic formula had the smallest error.
Conclusion: This paper found a previously unreported mutation, and family analysis suggested that the mutation was inherited as an X-linked chromosome. During the diagnosis and treatment process, we found that the aphakic formula has a smaller predictive error.
Predictors for opting for Kangaroo Mother Care in Pakistan and infant development outcomes: Results of a quasi-experimental study
Authors: Wasim Tayyiba , Raana Gul , Jafree Sara Rizvi , Momina Ain ul , Wasim Ahmad Zunair , Saifi Humaira Zulfiqar , Zunair Javeria , Iftikhar Taseer , Fischer Florian
Published: October 2024

Background:Although Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC) is recognized to improve maternal and child health outcomes globally, there are cultural concerns for uptake in Pakistan. In this study we aim to (i) identify socio-demographics of mothers who opt for the KMC program, and (ii) to compare the growth and development milestones, mortality, and other health choices between the KMC and a control group after a one-year period.
Methods:We conducted a quasi-experimental study in a tertiary health sector of Lahore, Pakistan. KMC was adopted by mothers based on self-selection. A follow up of 200 mothers in each group was performed. Data was analyzed using both bivariate regression and Mann-Whitney U tests.
Results: We found maternal socio-demographic predictors for enrollment in KMC to be working mothers, living in nuclear unit, having less children, higher family income, more prenatal visits, higher literacy, and living closer to the health center. Infants who received KMC, compared to the control group, showed significantly higher means for breastfeeding within two hours, breastfeeding exclusively for six months, breastfeeding up to one year, and complete vaccination in first year. Infant development milestones were also significantly higher in KMC groups. Neonatal death of baby was significantly lower in the KMC group. Infant weight gain, length gain, and head circumference gain for children in the KMC group was also greater.
Conclusions: We conclude that KMC is an impactful low-cost intervention that should be rolled out across the country to secure maternal and child health targets and meet SDGs. However, partner social and health administrative interventions are critical to support uptake in disadvantaged women and families to overcome cultural and institutional barriers to ensure successful implementation across the large population of Pakistan.
A case of rapid progressive dementia caused by replasing polychondritis
Authors: Wang Cong , Lai Zhaohui
Published: October 2024

Background: Replasing polychondritis (RP) is a rare autoimmune disease that is prone to misdiagnosis and delayed treatment. In this article, we review a case of RP complicated by encephalitis who presented with rapidly progressive dementia, which is very rare in clinical practice.
Case report：This article presents the case of a 64-year-old male patient with encephalitis secondary to RP, the patient presented with a primary presentation of rapidly progressive dementia and limb shaking. He had previously been to the ophthalmology and respiratory departments. On admission, we suspected viral encephalitis, but antiviral treatment was ineffective. We performed magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), electroencephalogram (EEG) and pathology slides, combined with the patient's history and physical examination, we finally diagnosed him with RP, and his cognitive function was restored with glucocorticoids and azathioprine.
Conclusion:The clinical manifestations of RP are diverse, with no specific biomarkers, early diagnosis and treatment can improve the prognosis of patients, and ear deformity is a specific sign that should not be ignored.
Potential Effects of WhatsApp on Maternal Health Services Uptake during COVID-19: A Cross-sectional Study in Ghana
Authors: Safo Kwame S. , Opoku Daniel , Sechim Clement K. , Bonney Richard A. , Mensah Kofi A.
Published: October 2024

Background
During the COVID-19 pandemic period Health Care Practitioners (HCPs) were seen to facilitate healthcare delivery by using their mobile phones also known as “informal mHealth”, especially in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). WhatsApp has become popular in recent years with over 380 million users. It has therefore been identified that the effective use of WhatsApp by HCP for health could positively impact it. This study aims to assess the potential effect of the use of WhatsApp by HCPs on Maternal Health Services (MHS) uptake during the COVID-19 pandemic in four primary healthcare facilities in the Kwadaso Municipality of Ghana.
Methods
A cross-sectional study design was adopted using a quantitative approach involving a census sampling technique to collect data on monthly Maternal Health Services (MHS) attendance from the District Health Information Management Systems (DHIMS 2). Data collection was for the period March 2019 to February 2020 and March 2020 to February 2021.
Results
During the COVID-19 pandemic, the introduction of WhatsApp as a mHealth intervention helped improve maternal health case management and patient confidence. This led to a 5.64% (p-0.02) increase in ANC attendance and a 5.62% (p-0.02) rise in health facility deliveries. However, although PNC service attendance dropped slightly (7.06%, p-0.95), it was not statistically significant. Overall, key maternal health indicators showed significant improvements from 2019 to 2021 COVID-19 period.
Conclusion
WhatsApp usage by HCPs for a positive and timely patient management showed an increased attendance for ANC and delivery services in Ghana during the COVID-19 pandemic. This reveals that the use of WhatsApp for maternal health services referrals can be used as a communication tool for the management of high-risk obstetric referrals also.
Research on Maximum Power Point Tracking of Photovoltaic Power Generation Based on Improved Hybrid Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Wei Li Ming , Li Yuan
Published: October 2024

Due to environmental factors, the power-voltage (P-V) curve of a photovoltaic array's output characteristics often exhibits multiple peaks. Conventional maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithms are prone to getting trapped in local optima when attempting to track the maximum power point. Although the gravitational search algorithm (GSA) demonstrates better global search capabilities, it is still susceptible to local optima and often results in suboptimal MPPT performance. To address these issues and improve the search accuracy of the algorithm near the global optimum, this study introduces the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm to optimize the parameters of GSA, while incorporating the Lévy flight step size to enhance global search ability. By fine-tuning the parameters of the PSO algorithm, the convergence speed is increased, enabling more effective tracking of the global maximum power point. Simulink modeling and simulation analysis demonstrate that, compared to traditional algorithms, the improved algorithm can identify the maximum power point of the photovoltaic array more quickly and stably, both under static and dynamic shading conditions.
MicroRNA-513b-5p Contributes to the Development of Osteosarcoma via Inhibiting Sirtuin 1
Authors: Zhong Tao , Lv Jinghang , Zheng Bowen , Dong Xiaowei , Yang Lianbo , Ye Zhiqiang , Liang Haidong
Published: October 2024

Objective
The objective of this research was to clarify the role of miR-513b-5p in osteosarcoma (OS).
Methods
In OS cells, the miR-513b-5p expression was determined, and the impact of miR-513b-5p on malignant phenotypes of MG-63 cells was investigated. Moreover, the association between miR-513b-5p and sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) was studied.
Results
In OS, miR-513b-5p expression was reduced. Enhancing miR-513b-5p expression significantly reduced the proliferation, invasion, and migration of MG-63 cells. SIRT1 was one of the targets of miR-513b-5p, and overexpression of SIRT1 reversed the inhibitory effects of miR-513b-5p mimic on the malignant characteristic of MG-63 cells.
Conclusion
miR-513b-5p functions as a tumor suppressor in OS by inhibiting SIRT1. The therapeutic strategies targeting the miR-513b-5p/SIRT1 axis may improve the clinical outcomes of OS.
Synthesis and Pharmacological Characterization of Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH 1-24) and C-Terminal Truncated Analogues Identifies the Minimal ACTH N-Terminal Fragment Required for Melanocorton-2 Receptor Activation
Authors: Todorovic Aleksandar , Ericson Mark , Gridley Kelly , Sorenson Nicholas , Haskell-Luevano Carrie
Published: October 2024

The melanocortin system has been implicated in regulating various physiological pathways including skin and hair pigmentation, energy homeostasis, food intake, steroidogenesis, and exocrine gland regulation. Five melanocortin receptors (MCRs) have been identified to date that are activated by agonist peptide ligands derived from the proopiomelanocortin (POMC) prohormone. While the MC1R, MC3R, MC4R, and MC5R can be activated by several of these ligands, the MC2R is unique in that it is only activated by the adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). The aim of the present study was to identify the minimal N-terminal fragment of ACTH that can fully stimulate the MC2R. A series of 12 peptides, representing C- to N-terminal truncated analogs from the starting ACTH(1–24) ligand, were synthesized and pharmacologically characterized in parallel at the five melanocortin receptors. While truncation had minimal effects (≤ 6-fold) at the MC1R, MC3R, MC4R, and MC5R, the basic tetrapeptide Lys-Lys-Arg-Arg sequence corresponding to residues 15–18 of ACTH was identified to be critical for agonist potency at the MC2R. Sequential removal of these residues decreased potency 8-, 114-, 1000-, and > 6500-fold relative to the ACTH(1–24) ligand, with the minimal sequence stimulating the MC2R being ACTH(1–15) (EC50 = 1450 nM). These results correlate to the cryo-EM structure reported in 2023 of ACTH-MC2R-MRAP1 which showed these basic ACTH residues make several interactions with MRAP1.
PETRoBERTa: A novel method for charging station site selection evaluation
Authors: Tang Zeyang , Chen Yang , Hu Lei , Hu Qibiao , Rao Wei , Li Yiwen
Published: October 2024

As electric vehicles (EV) become increasingly popular, issues such as the limited number of charging stations, low utilization rates, and suboptimal placement have drawn significant attention. Therefore, the rational planning of charging station locations is of paramount importance. Traditional site selection methods often require high-quality data inputs and are prone to overfitting, resulting in poor generalization. This study innovatively proposes converting regional characteristics into natural language text and introduces the PETRoBERTa model based on prompt learning to assess the suitability of different areas for constructing charging stations. The study focuses on Wuhan, using hourly time granularity and kilometer spatial granularity to predict the suitability of different grids for station construction. The proposed model is compared with other baseline models, and the results show that the PETRoBERTa model achieves a prediction accuracy of 93.21%, outperforming others across various evaluation metrics. Therefore, our method can effectively aid in the planning of charging station layouts, making a significant contribution to the further adoption and promotion of electric vehicles.
Genetically predicted serum urate and the risk of all-cause and site-specific cancer: A Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Fatima Tahzeeb , Dehlin Mats , Burgess Stephen , Mason Amy M. , Nilsson Peter M , Melander Olle , Jacobsson Lennart T. H. , Kapetanovic Meliha C
Published: October 2024

Background
Positive associations between urate levels and gout and the risk of some cancer types (urogenital, prostate, gastrointestinal and lung) have been reported in several observational studies; however, whether the relationship is causal remains uncertain.
Objectives
The study aim was to evaluate associations between genetically predicted levels of serum urate (SU) and cancer risk (overall and major cancer types) in individuals of European ancestry using Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.
Methods
A set of 26 SU-related variants was used as proxy instrument to perform a range of one and two-sample MR analyses in individual-level and publicly available GWAS (genome-wide association study data), respectively. The causal relationship was assessed between genetically determined SU and 13 site-specific (bladder, breast, colorectal, gastric, hepatic, lung, pancreatic, prostate, renal, skin, lymphatic and hematopoietic cancers, gynecological cancers, and brain tumor) and all-cause cancer. We also performed epidemiological association analyses in individual-level data to determine a SU-cancer relationship.
Results
There was some suggestive evidence for an association between higher levels of genetically predicted SU and lower risk of brain (p = 0.04 in 1-sample MR) and colorectal (p = 0.02 in 2-sample MR) cancers, although not consistent in the two analyses. There were no indications for associations between genetically predicted SU and any of the other cancers (all p > 0.05).
Conclusions
Our MR study, using a series of causal inference approaches, provides suggestive but inconsistent evidence of an effect of genetically predicted SU on brain and colorectal cancers in individuals of European ancestry.
Enhanced Photocatalytic CO2 Reduction via MXene synergism: Constructing a Strong Intra-layer Electric Field Ternary Heterojunction of g-C3N4/Nb2C MXene/CsPbBr3
Authors: Zhang Shiding , Wang Yuhua , Mersal Gaber A. M. , Alhadhrami A. , Alshammari Dalal A. , Wang Yitong , Algadi Hassan , Song Haixiang
Published: October 2024

Slow charge kinetics and high activation energy seriously hinder the efficiency of photocatalytic CO2.Synergies are a commonly used strategy, Nevertheless common synergies have been limited to improving catalytic results.Here, we synthesize a novel nanocomposite ternary heterojunction material, which forms a low interlayer electrostatic potential within the heterojunction through the MXene synergistic.A strong internal electric field from the outside to the inside is formed within the series layer heterojunction, which provides the inner driving force for the effective spatial separation of photoinduced electron-hole pairs. Under visible-light irradiation, the ternary heterojunction exhibited a maximum CO production rate of 53.07 μmol g-1 h-1, surpassing the rates of pure g-C3N4, CsPbBr3 QDs, and the binary composite of g-C3N4/CsPbBr3 by approximately 8.4, 10, and 2 times, respectively. Experimental results and theoretical analysis reveal the significance of 2D Nb2C MXene as an electron transporter, benefiting from lower electrostatic potential. This characteristic synergistically facilitated the rapid extraction of photoinduced electrons, enhancing the reduction ability of CO2 to CO. This research not only provides a novel insight into MXene utilization for designing ternary heterojunction nanocomposite photocatalysts but also presents the potential of utilizing synergism ternary composites to improve solar energy conversion efficiency.
Effect of mild hypothermia vs normothermia cardiopulmonary bypass on postoperative bleeding in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting: protocol of a multi-center, randomized, controlled trial
Authors: Wang Jing , Wang Tianlong , Zhang Han , Zhang Qiaoni , Liu Gang , Yan Shujie , Wang Qian , Teng Yuan , Wang Jian , Hu Qiang , Ji Bingyang
Published: October 2024

Background Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is often performed with hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) to reduce metabolic demands and protect the myocardium. However, hypothermia can increase bleeding risks and other complications.Methods This is a prospective, multi-center, randomized controlled trial. From September 2023 to December 2024, a total of 336 eligible patients planning to undergo on-pump CABG will be enrolled. All participants will be randomly divided into mild hypothermic CPB group (target oxygenator arterial outlet blood temperature at 32–33°C) or normothermia CPB group (target oxygenator arterial outlet blood temperature at 35–36°C). The primary endpoint is Universal Definition of Perioperative Bleeding (UDPB) class 2–4. Secondary endpoints are class of UDPB, levels of coagulation and inflammatory factors, in-hospital mortality, perioperative related complications, intensive care unit (ICU) length of stay, and hospital length of stay.Discussion This clinical trial aims to compare the effects of different target temperature during CPB on postoperative bleeding and to explore optimal temperature strategy to provide new clinical evidence.Trial registration Chictr.org.cn: ChiCTR2300075405. The trial was prospectively registered on 4 September 2023.
Design and optimization of venlafaxine niosomes loaded thermosensitive in- situ gel for prolonging intranasal residence in depressive disorder
Authors: Gangane Purushottam , Thool Mandar , More Sachin , Warokar Amol , Salunkhe Kishor , Dangre Pankaj
Published: October 2024

Venlafaxine (VLF) is the most commonly used drug for the treatment of depressive disorder. The oral bioavailability of VLF is low. Therefore, the present study emphasized the development of niosomes formulation for solubility and permeation improvement. The niosome-VLF was formulated using a thin film hydration technique employing different molar ratios of Span 40 and cholesterol. The optimization of niosomes was performed using the Box-Behnken screening model, which employs numerical optimization. The optimized niosmoes-VLF showed Particle size: 264.2 ± 2.2 nm; Zeta potential: 49.2 ± 1.3 mV; Polydispersity Index: 0.265 ± 0.15; Entrapment efficiency: 70.25 ± 1.5%. The noisome-VLF (OF) was incorporated into the thermosensitive in situ gel (TISG). The noisome-VLF TISG (OF-A) showed gelling temperature: 37 ± 0.5oC; gelling time: 23 ± 2.2s; viscosity: 4526 ± 142 cps; mucoadhesive strength: 3589 ± 65 dyne/cm, drug content: 88 ± 5.4%. The in vivo pharmacokinetic study revealed a higher concentration of VLF in developed noisome-VLF TISG (OF-A) formulation than VLF suspension. The higher and sustained concentration of VLF in brain and plasma suggested a better therapeutic approach to counteract a chronic depressive disorder. Further, the accelerated stability studies of noisome-VLF TISG (OF-A) indicated good physical and chemical attributes. Therefore, intranasal noisome-VLF TISG (OF-A) can be sorted as an alternative approach for targeting the brain for the effective management of CNS conditions like depression.
Whose Autonomy Support is More Effective in Promoting Exercise Adherence in Higher Education Students - Based on Self-Determined Motivation Theory
Authors: Yan Jie , Zhou Xuezheng , Zhang Ting
Published: October 2024

Objective
Based on the self-determination motivation theory, parental autonomy support, teacher autonomy support, and peer autonomy support were included in the same research system to explore their effects on exercise adherence of higher vocational students and their internal mechanisms.
Methods
The students of a senior college in a city of Jiangsu Province were investigated and tested with three scales, namely, Physical Activity Autonomy Support Scale, Self-Determined Motivation Scale, and Exercise Adherence Scale, and Structural Equation Modeling was used to construct the hypothesized pathways of exercise adherence promotion among senior students and tested them.
Results
Except for parental autonomy support, neither teacher autonomy support nor peer autonomy support had a significant positive effect on exercise adherence of higher vocational students. Unlike the role played by teacher autonomy support, neither parent autonomy support nor peer autonomy support was able to positively predict exercise self-determined motivation among higher education students.
Conclusion
Parental autonomy support significantly and positively influenced higher education students' exercise adherence, while neither teacher autonomy support nor peer autonomy support significantly influenced higher education students' exercise adherence. The indirect effect of teacher autonomy support on exercise adherence through self-determined motivation was significant, and parent autonomy support and peer autonomy support failed to indirectly influence exercise adherence through self-determined motivation.
Economic potential of land restoration for climate change mitigation
Authors: Mirzabaev Alisher , Vakulchuk Roman , Overland Indra
Published: October 2024

Between 2001 and 2020, the loss of ecosystems worldwide due to land degradation resulted in an economic loss of nearly USD 2 trillion. Restoring degraded lands is essential for mitigating climate change and maintaining biodiversity. Here, we evaluate the potential costs and benefits of restoring degraded lands. We provide unprecedented spatially granular estimates of the carbon removal and broader economic potential of land restoration at a global level and find that restoration of degraded ecosystems such as forests and grasslands can be economically profitable and has considerable carbon sequestration potential, with an average global cost of USD 50 per ton of carbon. The cost of restoring ecosystems degraded between 2001 and 2020 amounts to USD 6.9 trillion. However, each dollar invested is estimated to return USD 2.39 over a 30-year period, and a total of 138 gigatons of carbon would be sequestered.
Microbiome interactions increase plant haplotype richness
Authors: Andersen Stig , Quilbé Johan , Mouritzen Troels , Akyol Turgut , Mustamin Yusdar , Bamba Masaru , Schierup Mikkel , Sato Shusei
Published: October 2024

The genetic makeup of natural plant populations often allows them to persist for many years without succumbing to disease. Transferring such properties to crops could increase resilience and reduce reliance on chemical pesticides​. However, the population genomics of plant-microbiome interactions remain poorly understood. Here, we use Lotus japonicus, which has persisted as a natural population in Japan for ~20’000 years​, to identify genomic selection signatures caused by soil microbes. We found strong genetic associations with root microbiome structure within a gene we name ROOT MICROBIOME ESTABLISHMENT 1 (ROOMIE1) located in a region with high haplotype richness. This led us to quantify haplotype richness genome-wide using a new metric, HAPk. We found haplotype-rich regions strongly enriched for microbiome genetic associations, suggesting that soil microbes were imposing negative frequency-dependent selection. We validated this hypothesis by showing increased migration rates of microbiome associated alleles and by determining that ROOMIE1 shows standing variation in local populations and impacts rhizosphere colonization in native Japanese soil. Our results indicate that interactions with soil microbes represent a major selective force in plant genome evolution and suggest that haplotype-rich regions constitute a genetic resource for improvement of crop resilience.
Evaluating In-Vitro Corrosion Testing of Lean Magnesium Alloys: The Critical Role of Degradation Media Composition, Buffering, and Volume
Authors: Raguraman Sreenivas , Ulugun Beril , Ayodeji Tunde , Chowdhury Rida , Griebel Adam , Weihs Timothy
Published: October 2024

Biodegradable magnesium (Mg) alloys are gaining attention for biomedical implants due to their favorable mechanical properties and safe degradation within the human body. However, the rapid corrosion of Mg remains a challenge, necessitating a deeper understanding of its behavior in physiological environments. This study examines the in-vitro corrosion performance of a lean Mg-Zn-Ca alloy in various degradation media, including Hank’s Balanced Salt Solution (HBSS), Earle’s Balanced Salt Solution (EBSS) buffered with 5% CO2, and Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) with 10% Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS) buffered with 5% CO2. Significant differences in corrosion rates were observed across media, with HBSS exhibiting the lowest rates and EBSS the highest. DMEM with 10% FBS and corrosion conditions that most closely resemble physiological environments produced intermediate corrosion rates. The effect of CO2 buffering in HBSS was also evaluated, demonstrating enhanced pH control below 7.5, which simulates physiological pH. Additionally, increasing the volume of HBSS, both with and without CO2 buffering, led to reduced corrosion rates and greater pH stabilization. These findings shed light on how testing conditions can impact corrosion rates and pH stability.
Technological Innovations and Artificial Intelligence Implementation in Global Economic Processes Development: Experience of BRICS Countries
Authors:   Petrozavodsk State University, Pitukhina Maria A. , Gurtov Valery A. ,   Petrozavodsk State University, Petrozavodsk, Belykh Anastasia D. ,   nstitute of Economics, Karelian Research Center of Russian Academy of Sciences, Petrozavodsk
Published: October 2024

The aim of the study is to analyze technological innovation in the field of artificial intelligence in the global economy with a focus on the experience of the BRICS countries. In the course of the study, the authors set the following objectives: to assess the impact of AI implementation on the economic and social growth of these countries; the positions of the BRICS countries in the world rankings in the field of artificial intelligence (Global AI Index and Stanford AI Index); and the participation of the BRICS countries in the application of generative AI. The results of the study have allowed to assess the impact of technological innovation and application of artificial intelligence on the economic and social growth of the BRICS countries as positive, especially on China, which has realized significant progress in the field of artificial intelligence over the past 10 years, as well as on India’s breakthrough over the past 2 years in the use of generative AI. China, based on sound long-term strategic planning and large financial injections, is already breaking into a leading position in the world 5 years after adopting the fundamental “Next Generation Artificial Intelligence Development Plan” in 2017. In 2021, Chinese researchers ranked first in the world in terms of cited publications in Q1 peer-reviewed scientific journals (top 25 % of journals). Chinese tech giants are recording a sharp rise in AI publications in 2022, outpacing university researchers on the index. Since 2021, India has significantly increased its position in the leading AI ratings and is becoming a world leader in the application of generative AI. The analysis of the level of development of AI technologies in the BRICS countries conducted within the framework of this article shows that, having all the necessary resources for the successful implementation of AI technologies, in the near future the BRICS countries are planning to apply AI technologies on a larger scale in medicine, education, finance and agriculture, which will significantly improve the economic performance of the state.
Development of Chinese-Russian Trade and Economic Relations in the Context of the Russian-Ukrainian Crisis: Current State and Suggestions
Authors:   Heilongjiang University, Xuetao Bai , Han Gu ,   Heilongjiang University
Published: October 2024

Since February 24, 2022, the conflict between Russia and Ukraine has fully intensified. Since the Russia-Ukraine conflict, the West has imposed comprehensive sanctions on Russia. The economic relations between Russia and the West began to break down, Russia subsequently broke away from the International Settlement system (SWIFT), the ruble currency depreciated severely, and the logistics links became more complicated. The economic sanctions of Western countries have put Russia’s economy and finances under great pressure in the short term. In order to counter Western sanctions, Russia has begun to continuously strengthen its relations with China, especially in the field of economic and trade cooperation. As the world’s second largest economy, China has the world’s largest consumer market, which is of great significance to help Russia get rid of the “sanctions crisis”. By drawing on and analyzing relevant online news, the latest data provided by the General Administration of Customs of China, etc., this article introduces the current situation of China-Russia economic and trade development under the influence of the Russia-Ukraine conflict, analyzes the factors affecting the development of China-Russia economic and trade, looks forward to the prospects of China-Russia economic and trade development, and explores how China should appropriately deal with the issues of China-Russia economic and trade relations. The authors believe that in the context of the new era of comprehensive strategic cooperation and partnership between China and Russia, China should pay attention to the following aspects in the process of promoting the development of China-Russia economic and trade relations: formulate multiple sets of emergency plans and adopt appropriate financial and monetary policies; develop Russian economic and trade relations while taking into account economic and trade relations with other countries; strengthen the construction of infrastructure at China-Russia border crossings to better serve the “Belt and Road” initiative, etc.; Strive to maintain China’s image and correctly guide the Chinese people’s public opinion on the Russia-Ukraine conflict.
Intra-Party Regulations аnd their Implementation in the PRC’s Authority System
Authors:   Inner Mongolia University, Inner Mongolia, Jianming Du
Published: October 2024

In the overall system of socialism with Chinese characteristics, there is a peculiarity in the application of intra-party regulations, that is, they contain both political and legal components. The political component stimulates the legal one. Therefore, the so-called coercive power of party regulation should be considered not only from a legal, but also from a political aspect. The prescriptive requirements contain the absolute necessity of emphasizing the positive effects of the actual implementation of the CPC’s internal party regulations, which are constrained by the historical background and are aimed at strengthening the party’s overall leadership over important social and state activities. The form of coercive force stated in the Party’s normative documents and embodied in political practice does not have a legislative form. The realization of coercive force is also different from the enforcement of the law required by law enforcement practice. The process of implementation (execution) of the internal party regulations requires special attention, since the analysis of all the components of this process allows us to determine the relationship between them and determine their influence on the degree of effectiveness of the adopted decisions. Therefore, the object of study is the process of implementing the normative bills within the party, and the internal logic of their operation is explained in detail. The article presents an integrative structure for the party regulations implementation as a model, the implementation of which is of great importance for significantly improving the effectiveness of the implementation and management of intra-party normative bills and improving the effectiveness of intra-party regulations. The objective of this study is to analyze the institutional texts of internal party regulations to determine the essence of the concept of executive authority in the context of party and government development. This will complement the various connotations of the responsibility of the executive branch as a whole, as well as strengthen its organizational, political, ideological and social reflections.
Countering the Ideology of Consumerism in the System of Anti-Corruption Measures as a Function of State Power
Authors:   Transbaikal State University, Ivanova Maria V.
Published: October 2024

The object of the study is corruption in the sphere of state power. The subject of the study is the role of the ideology of consumerism in the corrupt activities of representatives of the state authorities and the main directions of countering this ideology as a function of state power. Corruption in the sphere of higher authorities is considered as the main type of corruption. The study is based on the differentiation of two directions in the system of preventive anti-corruption measures: 1) intimidation by criminal punishment of persons capable of committing corruption crimes; 2) formation of a negative attitude towards corruption in society, education of people who are not capable of corrupt behavior. In the context of the second direction, the analysis of the ideology of consumerism as a subjective cause of corruption in the sphere of state power is presented. The purpose of the work is to substantiate the policy of countering the ideology of consumerism in the system of anti-corruption measures as a necessary function of state power. Research objectives are as follows: to clarify the concept of corruption in the sphere of state power and its features; to identify the normative and regulatory function of the ideology of consumerism in the corrupt activities of government officials; to identify the main directions of countering the ideology of consumerism in the anti-corruption policy of the state. The study has yielded the following results. The direct subjective cause of corruption in the sphere of state power is the ideology of consumerism, which causes a consumer race and excessive consumption among highly paid representatives of state power. The prevention of corruption in this area implies the need to combat this ideology. The main directions of the state policy of countering the ideology of consumerism are state control over the activities of the media in order to limit the propaganda of consumerism; the revival of the institute of state ideology, namely, the ideology of humanism and patriotism; the introduction of an ideological component in state educational programs, including a critical discussion of the ideology of consumerism. From these research results, it follows that there is a need for a policy of countering the ideology of consumerism in the system of anti-corruption measures as a function of state power.