bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Text Prophetism
Authors: Lumi Elvira , Lumi Lediona
Published: July 2017

"Utterance universalism" as a phrase is unclear, but it is enough to include the term "prophetism". As a metaphysical concept, it refers to a text written with inspiration which confirms visions of a "divine inspiration", "poetic" - "legal", that contains trace, revelation or interpretation of the origin of the creation of the world and life on earth but it warns and prospects their future in the form of a projection, literary paradigm, religious doctrine and law. Prophetic texts reformulate "toll-telling" with messages, ideas, which put forth (lat. "Utters Forth" gr. "Forthteller") hidden facts from fiction and imagination. Prometheus, gr. Prometheus (/ prəmiθprə-mee-mo means "forethought") is a Titan in Greek mythology, best known as the deity in Greek mythology who was the creator of humanity and charity of its largest, who stole fire from the mount Olympus and gave it to the mankind. Prophetic texts derive from a range of artifacts and prophetic elements, as the creative magic or the miracle of literary texts, symbolism, musicality, rhythm, images, poetic rhetoric, valence of meaning of the text, code of poetic diction that refers to either a singer in a trance or a person inspired in delirium, who believes he is sent by his God with a message to tell about events and figures that have existed, or the imaginary ancient and modern world. Text Prophetism is a combination of artifacts and platonic idealism. Key words: text Prophetism, holy text, poetic text, law text, vision, image, figure
The Effect of Teaching Word Formation Theory to English Students
Authors: Enesi Miranda
Published: July 2017

The word-formation theory is often avoided in English language course books and little research is conducted on the pedagogical status of word-building process. However, many researchers and lecturers have realized the effect of teaching word-formation theory in English languages course books. English language lecturers have noted that vocabulary is very important in various subjects of English language branch curricula. For this reason, we must admit that the processes of word-formation, through which every language vocabulary can be enriched, are very important in English language teaching and learning. Word formation components such as prefixes, suffixes, etymology, history of words and other required materials in composing the vocabulary of English language are tested in Aleksandër Moisiu University. The results have revealed a significant and successful effect of teaching Word formation theory, this way showing the colossal importance of this important language aspect in every English language edition course book. This paper has two aims: first to review types of English word-formation and, second, to discuss the absence and the need for word-formation theory in English language course books. Keywords: Word formation, prefixes, suffixes, words, vocabulary.
Cultural Studies as a Didactic Means of Improving Intercultural Language Education
Authors: Safonova Victoria V.
Published: July 2017

Though the issues of integrating cultural studies in language education are often raised in FLT scholarly works (M. Byram- V. Esarte-Sarries, G. Zarate and others), but the question arises what kind of interdisciplinary cultural studies and for what didactic purposes is really needed at different levels of university education. The paper starts with looking at and showing the differences between the following concepts: "cultural studies as a branch of culturology (science of culture)", "cultural studies as an inseparable part of modern language pedagogy" and "Cultural Studies as a university subject" with the view to their didactic potential, aims - outcomes as a means of cultural education. The author goes on with giving an insight into the essential characteristics of the three types of cultural studies /CS/ under consideration and then focuses on the CS as a branch of language pedagogy - CS as a university subject, discussing their didactic values for modelling appropriate multi-level intercultural education though all the languages studied and co-learnt at university. The system of interrelated didactic principles of designing culture-oriented educational programmes, syllabuses and courses that is outlined in the paper includes such principles as the principles of the dialogue of cultures - civilizations, creating didactically appropriate educational space problem-oriented learning environment.Keywords: cultural studies, language pedagogy, multi-level pluricultural education, intercultural communicative competence, dialogue of cultures and civilisations, didactic appropriateness of educational environment, problem-oriented learning environment.1.
An Eclectic Approach to Teaching the English Tense System to Arabic-Speaking Learners of English: A Pilot Study
Authors: Hmidani Thana
Published: July 2017

The proper use of tenses is one problem facing Arabic-speaking learners of English when they are taught them and their uses. One of the reasons is the traditional method through which students were taught grammar. The aim of the study is to implement an eclectic approach for teaching the English tenses to Arabic-speaking learners of English.
Between Parentheses: The Poetics of Irrelevance in Virginia Woolf’s Experimental Fiction
Authors: Roccia Gioiella Bruni
Published: July 2017

The understanding and appreciation of Virginia Woolf’s modernist fiction demands careful attention, not only for the obvious complexity of its experimental form but also for the apparent simplicity of certain typographical and stylistic devices. Among these is the use of parenthetical expressions, consisting of explanatory or qualifying remarks inserted into a passage and usually marked off by brackets, dashes, or commas. Generally speaking, the main functions fulfilled by parentheticals have been examined and classified by Woolf scholars. What has received less critical attention, however, is the intrinsic nature of parenthetical constructions and the subtle, multifaceted implications of their actual functioning within the overall economy of every single novel. The purpose of this paper is to address a similar question, beginning with a preliminary delimitation of the scope of the analysis. Firstly, among the different types of the so-called ‘parenthetical expressions’ only the explicit use of parentheses (in the form of round or square brackets) will be assumed as a distinctive feature in order to identify a specific category of stylistic and narrative devices. Secondly, and quite obviously, the novel under consideration will be, in particular, To the Lighthouse (1927), inasmuch as it provides the most striking examples of the disruptive potential contained in Woolf’s parenthetical writing. A good point of departure for such an analysis, however, can be found in Jacob’s Room (1922), Woolf’s first experimental novel, which shows a long and compound sentence, inserted between brackets, significantly placed in the opening page of the book.
The Characteristics of a Successful EFL Teacher in the Learners’ eyes
Authors: MEZRIGUI Dr. Youssef
Published: July 2017

There are two major interrelated reasons behind examining the topic of this paper. In fact, even after many years of their learning English as a foreign language, a large number of secondary school students’ level of proficiency in the language is so low that they cannot use it communicatively, and cannot major in it at university, either. Accounting for their underachievement, a large percentage of such students claim that many teachers still play traditional roles in the teaching-learning process, which has contributed to the problem. The main purpose of this paper, therefore, is to explore the extent to which such a claim is justifiable. In this frame of reference, a questionnaire was administered to a certain number of students on the extent to which the teacher is responsible for the issue, as well as what they personally think the key characteristics of a successful EFL teacher are. Along with this, the paper will equally look at other qualities that ought to be available in EFL teachers with the overall aim of helping them to do their job successfully, and hence attain the expected learning results.
EFL Student Teachers' Reflections on Their Initial Teaching Practice
Authors: Kalebić Sanja Čurković
Published: July 2017

This paper aims to investigate student teachers' reflections on their pre-service teaching practice. The research question is: What are student teachers' perceptions of their cognitive, behavioural and affective involvement in initial teaching practice? The participants in this study were 53 student teachers of English language and literature at a Croatian university. A questionnaire was administered to the student teachers upon the accomplishment of their school-based teaching practice. The questionnaire consisted of 18 items accompanied by a five-point Likert scale. Six items in the questionnaire referred to the student teachers' perception of their cognitive involvement when observing their mentors teach, six items referred to the student teachers' perceptions of their verbal and non-verbal behaviour when teaching their own lessons, and six items addressed student teachers' attitude towards the assignments they had during their teaching practice. Findings indicate high cognitive involvement of the student teachers during their observations of mentors’ lessons. The majority of the student teachers reported they had made an effort to understand the teaching process in terms of the principles and decisions that lay behind the procedures used by the teacher and the selection of a particular teaching strategy. The results show very high student teachers' involvement in some behavioural aspects of teaching, such as paying attention to learners' participation, and student teachers' most enjoyment in teaching their own lessons.
Learning Skills and Difficulties Encountered by Students During Acquisition of a Foreign Language for Specific Purpose
Authors: Dalipi Enkela
Published: July 2017

Through this research we are going to analyze the learning skills, thus competencies needed by students during the learning process and acquisition of a foreign language of specific purpose. The purpose of such a research is not only to identify difficulties they encounter during the learning process but also to introduce special techniques and strategies for a specific teaching process aiming at enhancement of communicative competence as primary goal of teaching/learning process. The applied method is that of survey (40 hours of study time). We have put in evidence and made remarks of the most common difficulties for students based on an assessment table. In the second part of the research, based on survey results, there are presented teaching suggestions and techniques which help students to overcome obstacles and guide them to acquire learning skills to the final end of acquisition of specialized communication competence. Besides the theoretical part there are presented practical aspects of didactic activities related to the analyzed skills.
The Influence of Psycho-Social Environment and Socio-Economic Status on Early Language Development Among Toddlers
Authors: Kika Bardha
Published: July 2017

Learning to talk is one of the most visible and important achievements of early childhood (Rvachew, 2015). Language skills, in particular, are critical to children’s adjustment in school and in later life (Benner, Nelson, Ron, Epstein, 2002). There is evidence to suggest that children with language problems may develop social, emotional,and behavioral problems (Schoon, Parsons, - Rush, 2010). In the literature, the environment with all its complexities it is mentioned as one of the most influential factor for the language development (Johnston, 2010). However, most of the studies that treated this aspect have been conducted in developed countries and less is known whether the pattern of influence is the same among other underrepresented study population. This study is focused on identification of the role of the environment on the toddlers’ language development in a low-income country, such as Kosovo. In total, 201 randomly selected parents (55% males) from three kindergartens in Kosovo were interviewed for this study. We used the Communication and Symbolic Behavior Scales Developmental Profile (CSBS DP; Wetherby-Prizant, 2002) to collect the data and a demographic questionnaire to identify the characteristics of the environment. The preliminary results show a positive correlation between parental education and toddlers’ language development (r = .19, p - .01). Moreover, a positive correlation was found between socio-economic status and toddlers’ language (r = .21, p - .05). Importantly, it was found that there are significant differences between toddlers’ language that frequent kindergarten and the group of toddlers that do not frequent early education institution. The present finding goes into the same line with other studies that confirm environment as important factor on language acquisition. Not only parent’s education, but also the economic status is shown to play a major role on language development. Most importantly, it is shown that along with family kindergarten influences the toddler language skills. These results that attend kindergarten have significantly higher language skills. This can serve to develop intervention programs in Kosovo, to raise awareness among general population for the importance of the early education attendance, which currently is less than 10%.
Solo Analysis of Efl Curricula in Turkey
Authors: Ağçam Reyhan , Babanoğlu Pınar
Published: July 2017

Curriculum simply refers to the means and materials with which students will interact for the purpose of achieving identified educational outcomes (Ebert et al., 2013). In Turkey, the curricula for a variety of courses to be taught in primary and secondary state schools are designed by the Ministry of National Education (MoNE), and they are subject to change at uncertain periods. The current research aims to investigate curricula for English as a foreign language course for 5th, 6th and 7th grades that have been recently introduced by MoNE (2017). It exclusively compares them through an analysis of learning outcomes identified in each based on the Structure of the Observed Learning Outcome (SOLO) taxonomy developed by John Biggs and Kevin Collis (1982). Accordingly, document analysis method was used to analyze learning outcomes identified in the above-mentioned curricula into four levels of the SOLO taxonomy: (i) uni-structural, (ii) multi-structural, (iii) relational, and (iv) extended abstract. The study will report findings obtained from the analysis and practical implications on the curriculum design of EFL courses taught in various grades, and conclude with a few suggestions for further directions.
Acting Real: Testimony of Rachel Corrie on Stage
Authors: Aygan Tugba
Published: July 2017

In response to the chaotic atmosphere of the twentieth century, defined by an enormous scepticism about politics and media, theatre emerged out as a source of truth through plays compiled from spoken testimonies of real people, interviews, documents and recordings of real events and many other authentic materials. Named variably as theatre of the real, documentary theatre or verbatim theatre, those plays challenged their audiences into an inescapable confrontation with real events and serious issues around the world. Edited by the British actor and theatre director Alan Rickman and the Guardian journalist Katharine Viner, one of the key examples of verbatim theatre, My Name is Rachel Corrie, was premiered in April 2005 at Royal Court in London. Based on Israel-Palestine conflict, the play is constructed on the e-mails and diaries of an American peace-activist Rachel Corrie who was killed by an Israeli bulldozer in Gaza in 2003. After providing a history of documentary theatre, this paper discusses the controversial productions of My Name is Rachel Corrie as an example of testimony.
Exploding the Cancer Myths: Brian Lobel’s Narrative Performance Ball
Authors: Vangolu Yeliz Biber
Published: July 2017

In his personal account of cancer, Ball (2003), the performance artist, Brian Lobel, intently refuses to succumb to the myths about the illness, challenging the cancer narratives that have traditionally been based on a discourse of heroism or martyrdom. While his performance is, at times, sensational with a keen focus on sexuality and a determination to produce humour out of a grave matter, they invite criticism for the way cancer has been perceived and presented as a medical condition and for the social stigma attached to the disease. This paper addresses the numerous ways in which Lobel challenges the assumptions, expectations and taboos regarding cancer, cancer patients and survivors by examining his strategies in the light of cultural studies on cancer and humour theories.
The Influence of Indian Literary-Philosophical and Religious Works on the Eastern Literature
Authors: Azizaliyeva Besire
Published: July 2017

The religious and philosophical elements expressed in ancient Indian literature have had great influences on world literature. One notable example is the ancient Indian piece, "Panchatantra". This magnificent written work ofworld literature has become one of the most famous and influential works in the development of the European and Asian story genre. The Indian masterpiece has also influenced the Arabic-American immigration writer, Kahlil Gibran. Thus, the impress of Indian scripturecan be seen in many of Gibran’s works such as "The Prophet". The philosophical and religious teachings of the "Bhagavad Gita" have had an impactful role in M. Naimy’s development as an Arabic immigration writer. Mikhail Naimy, a poet, writer and a literary critic, was one of the prominent representatives of the early 21st century Arab-American immigrant literature. When conveying the idea of wholeness and unity between an individual soul and God in his work, “The Book of Mirdad”, the author used different religious and philosophical sources including the ancient Indian scripture Bhagavat-Gita. The concepts such as an eternal soul, “I”, a God’s messenger are very similar in “The Book of Mirdad” and the Indian religious-philosophical teachings. M.Naimy has accented the importance of issues that reflect many of the ancient Indian beliefs expressed in the "Bhagavad Gita" including the material sides of world and divinity, vision, soul, and spirit. The ancient Indian beliefs of "The People are Raised to the God’s level” are distinctively reflected by M. Naimy in his novel "The Book of Mirdad".
Understanding Different Forms of Community Development: A Review of Literature
Authors: Noor Asma Lailee Mohd.
Published: July 2017

Community development is often a nebulous term defined by many conceptual and practical characterizations (Christenson - Robinson, 1980; Summers, 1986; Wilkinson, 1991). This is particularly tangible in the twenty-first century, characterized by a larger and growing presence of communities engaged in community development efforts. The growing interest in community development has resulted from the field’s proven capacity to deliver solutions to community problems. Additionally, the multifaceted ways in which communities worldwide participate in community development efforts (Walzer, 2010) has contributed to community development’s conceptual and practical pluralism. As a result, an increase in numbers and variability of individuals and organizations from multiple disciplines and frameworks practicing and studying community development has become palpable (Walzer, 2010). Policy-makers, practitioners, and academics should benefit from better understanding not only what community development is from a conceptual and overarching standpoint, but from an applied perspective, by acknowledging the different stakeholders, goals, and processes engaged to achieve such goals. Understanding of the different forms of community development and how they can complement each other is critical for establishing future processes that try to minimize the weaknesses of each form and promote their strengths.
Grammar Activities of Spanish Language in Albanian Auditorium.
Authors: BITI Dr. Viola , NUSHI Dr. Admira
Published: July 2017

The attitude towards grammatical exercises of a foreign language is one of the fundamental pillars upon which differences and changes of methods are historically produced. It's like an image of teaching practice. Switching from the traditional approach to the direct method, from the audio-visual method to the actual communicative methods through natural access is complemented by grammar with its own activities as a concrete way to develop language, as well as a way to see how it can be best learned. The place where grammatical activities can be developed, “the auditorium” where the student learns being a participant and cooperating with other students, with the teacher in the real process of research and joint construction of knowledge in personal and relevant social issues. The teaching process of foreign languages may take place in various forms: linguistic projects, occasional texts analysis, solution of situations or problems or preparation of topics that may arise during scientific activity. The grammar of Spanish language is consulted between lecturers who define a basic method that serves to orientate, but in many cases it happens that each of the teachers uses methods that are considered appropriate based on the requirements and capacities of students' learning process who are participants in the auditorium.
Imperative in English Proverbs
Authors: Novaković Doc. Dr. Jelena Š. , Tomić PhD student Božana
Published: July 2017

Apart from personal pronouns which are by far the most used referring expressions in English and Serbian, reference can be established and maintained using demonstratives.Their function is to refer to the location or distance of a person or an object. The aim of this paper is to examine reference realised by demonstratives with special regard to the restrictions written discourse imposes on their usage. The texts we used for analysis are narrative stories written in the two languages.
Globalization and Language Use on Social Media in Pakistan
Authors: Kamran Shanzay , Mansoor Sabiha
Published: July 2017

This article examines the written comments of Pakistani students on the official Facebook sites of the public and private sector universities in order to study their English language skills and social networking systems of students and its implications for language policy in education. The study focused on the quantitative and statistical analysis and investigated the differences of Facebook users from the public and private sector in the light of educational background, regional variation, and gender. Results of the study displayed the dominant use of English and a significant difference between public and private sector students in their preference to use English. Results also showed that there is considerable differences in men and women representation on Social Networking Sites (Facebook) in some provinces of Pakistan. Findings of the study raise the issue of language discrimination between students of public and private sector universities, in terms of access and equity of the current language policy in Pakistan to meet language demands of globalization.
The Genogram in Helping Relationship
Authors: Abazi Lejda
Published: July 2017

The Genogram is a graphical tool used by family therapists to systematize the chronologically and the composition of the family in question and parental relationships within it. The family therapist draws the genogram of the family and analyzing it as a team, draws on assumptions and dysfunctional aspects of strategic solutions that will then occur in session. The Genogram certainly draws from the idea of genealogical tree, but its attribution of authorship is clearly not shared. According to Anne A. Shutzenberger [1], for some it is traced back to Genososciogramma Henry Collomb, from genealogy (family tree) and Sociogram (representation of links and relationships), which he developed in Dakar and exhibited in Nice in 1978, starting from the reflections JL Moreno; for others it is traced back to Murray Bowen (referring to the conference on family therapy in 1967) and then to the conceptualization of the Group of Palo Alto [2] in California. In fact, for both processing paths of the genogram, distances seem shorter epistemological finding themselves in a ring of union in Frieda Fromm-Reichman, the first researcher who started filming family sessions with schizophrenic patients in 1948, and that in 1956 has worked with Moreno in Stanford [3] writing a book with him for four hands [4], with which the Group of Palo Alto [5], marking the birth of the Family Therapy. In truth, says still Shutzenberger, the genesis of Genogram seems to be rooted in the oldest soils, contains itself the concepts of "das Umbewusste" and "Collective Psyche" by S. Freud, and of "collective unconscious" of CG Jung.
Provision of Health and Social Services for Drug Addicts in the Republic of Macedonia
Authors: Dimitrijoska Suncica , Trbojevik Svetlana , Bogoevska Natasha , Ilievski Vladimir
Published: July 2017

The Republic of Macedonia experienced a rapid growth in drug addiction after its independents in 1991. The complexity of the problem represents a serious challenge for all relevant factors involved in creation of policies as well as actors in delivery of health, education and social services. Provision of necessary service required appropriate amendments of relevant laws based on the adopted international legislation. The most significant legal changes were introduction of the principles of pluralisation of social protection (Law on Social protection, 2004), that enabled emerging of new private for profit and nonprofit actors as providers of services as well as introduction of the principle of decentralization, enabling establishment of services on local level. Additionally, a number of national and local strategies and programs were developed and adopted within the system of health and social protection. These changes contributed to an increase in the number of available services offering variety of treatments responding to the individual needs of beneficiaries. Despite the increase in offered service, the state has yet to respond to the ever rising problem of addicted children. So far, little has been done for this age group of addicts that requires specialized and adjusted service provision. Provided social services are facing the problem in the sustainability of the available services provided within the nongovernmental sector that is mainly financed from foreign funds.
Customer-Bank Relationship in Commercial Banks Operating in Albania
Authors: Lumanaj Jasmina , Lesha Virtyt
Published: July 2017

Financial institutions with high performance are always looking to the needs and requirements of their clients, in order to survive and compete successfully in today's dynamic environment of corporations. For this reason researchers have stressed repeatedly the importance of customer satisfaction, loyalty and customer-bank relationship. The aim of this study is to develop a better theoretical and practical understanding of the impact that quality of service has in customer-bank relationship. This study examines the perception of service quality by clients of commercial banks operating in Albania and the effect that this quality has in customer-bank relationship. Measuring the perception of service quality is based on SERVQUAL model proposed by Parasuraman, Zeithaml - Berry (1988), while the measurement of customer-bank relationship is made according to the model proposed by Ward - Dagger (2007). Results of this analysis indicate that the quality of service is an important prerequisite of customer-bank relationship. From this study it is clear that managers and decision-makers in commercial banks in Albania seek to improve the quality of service elements, which constitute the most significant contribution to the improvement and strengthening of the relationship.
The Right to Be Heard in the European Union – Case Law of the Court of Justice of the European Union
Authors: Beqiraj (Mihani) Pranvera
Published: July 2017

The right to be heard as a fundamental right within the Europen legal order was included in the right to good administration in the Charter of Fundamental Right of the European Union and imposes that every person has the right to be heard before any individual measure which would affect him or er adversely is taken. However, the Court of Justice of the European Union has a consolidated jurisprudence regarding the right to be heard which has already recognized it as a general principle and fundamental right. This paper will analyze this case law , which determine the nature of the decision-making process where this right must be applied, the nature of the decision taken and the way the interests of the person concened are affected. For this purpose different decisions of the Court of Justice of the European Union are taken under study.
Organizational Change: Employees Reaction Towards It
Authors: Furxhi Gentisa , Stillo Sonela , Teneqexhi Marinela
Published: July 2017

The organizations, in the present days,are facing a dynamic environment which makes that no organization is immune towards change. Technological changes, innovations in communication, movements in the job market, globalization, make the organization face continuous challenges regarding competition, general non-stability of the macro-environment, merging and re-engineering of the work processes. To face these challenges, the organization reassesses the strategies, structure, policies, actions, processes and their culture. So the organizational change (OC) is inevitable in the environment where the organizations operate. Organizational change can be a very small change (additional) or it can be fundamental (transformative). Regardless of the form, function or size that the organizatioal change can make, there is an agreement between the community of the researchers that the pace of the organizational change has never been as high as in our days and it must be considered as a “feature which is present in the organizational life both in the operational level as well as in the strategic level” (By, 2005). Researchers already see the organizational change as a feature, present and continuous of the organizational life, inconsistent with the previous conceptualism that viewed the organizations as relatively stable systems, which developed over time through additional planned changes, which took place in regular and predicted phases (Burnes, 2004; Cummings -Worley, 2009). The famous expression “organizations don’t change, people do”, creates the need for change agents to understand that employees have different reactions to change initiative, because they have different personal experiences, motivation levels, socio-demographic characteristics, knowledges, values and different behavior models
Road Investment and Regional Development Some Evidencies from Albania
Authors: Golgota Alma , Bardhi Diana
Published: July 2017

The purpose of this paper is to present an overview of current regional development and the forecast of the economic impact of transport (roads). Investment in Infrastructure (especially Roads) has for sure a very positive impact on regional development. The most common classification economic indicator of a country is Gross National Product per Capita. In fact income is an important criterion with the respect of the regional development. Investment in transport lead to general changes, which should be easily determine as direct and indirect benefit like reducing travel time, operating cost, increasing transport safety, but the contribution to regional development as a whole is subject of certain debates. There are some basically opinions about relation which exist between transport infrastructure and regional development. The first one states that infrastructure hardly influence the regional economic development. The second opinion is maybe the most acceptable one, that interaction between infrastructure and economic development is not a “linear” relationship. The third one is that regional development could be influenced easily by infrastructure investment. When analyzing recent development strategies, it can be accepted that the Republic of Albania is supporting the thesis that building infrastructure network is a prerequisite of regional development. In that context, Government investments in the regional and rural program are elaborated with expected positive effects on reduction of poverty and regional development. In this paper the case study of the “ Kukes- Morine ” road that will improve transport connections is selected in order to determine whether or not there is a justification for such belief.
Strategies for Prevention: Mental Health Nurse Burnout and Stress
Authors: Sadiku(Alterziu) Violeta
Published: July 2017

The aim of this critical review was to identify prevention strategies that may be effective in the reduction of stress and burnout among mental health nurses. Diminished staff wellbeing, due to high levels of stress and burnout, has significant consequences at both the individual and the service level. Therefore, identifying effective prevention strategies may be beneficial in raising recruitment of mental health nurses, in prolonging retention, and may also have a positive impact on patient care. A search of the literature was undertaken utilising selected systematic review techniques, which identified seven articles as suitable for review. The results of the review found that three main prevention strategies were being utilised: clinical supervision, psychosocial intervention and social support. While all these strategies had the aim of minimising or preventing stress and/or burnout, they were all somewhat different in their focus and in their outcome measures. This factor, coupled with the paucity of high quality randomised intervention studies, makes it difficult to draw definitive conclusions concerning which intervention is most effective. The best currently available evidence suggests that prolonged clinical supervision is probably the best of the three options for the reduction of stress and burnout among mental health nurses, given the lack of high quality evidence and the magnitude and potential impact of this problem
Islamic Social Ethics: An Analysis of Miskawayh’s Thought
Authors: Nasir Omar Mohd
Published: July 2017

Early Muslim discussions on ethics, such as those by al-Kindi (d.874) and al-Farabi (d.950), did not attain to the status of a discipline though invariably serving as an introduction or parts of their wider studies on politics, law and other fields of knowledge. Miskawayh (d. 1030), however, through his chief ethical treatise Tahdhib al-Akhlaq (1966), was the first Muslim moralist to work out a very clear, and in many respects, a thorough analytical system of ethics in Islam. The great Muslim scholar, al-Ghazali (d. 1111), as has been brought out by a number of writers on his ethical thought, incorporated the greater part of Miskawayh’s treatise, especially in his Ihya’ ‘Ulum al-Din (1976). Miskawayh’s ethical work was thus occupying a prominent place in this particular branch of Islamic ethical literature. It is scarcely an exaggeration to say that most of the later works that deal with this subject use it as their main authority and some of them are even based on it. Hence, a close examination of this unique compendium is indispensable for a proper understanding of Islamic ethical thought. Thus, this qualitative study which applies conceptual content analysis method seeks to make a critical analysis of such an influential works on ethics with the purpose of elucidating its views concerning social ethics, love and friendship.
Human Right Education as Part of Education for Democracy: the Case of Albania
Authors: Sinani Gent
Published: July 2017

With the overthrow of the dictatorial communist regime, in Albania were created opportunities for discussing theoretical - practical human rights. The most typical periods when the man clearly raises and cut the question, "How to live in a dignity?", are periods of great social turmoil. Given this premise, the study embraces some of the most important issues of discussion and the concrete reality of the implementation of human rights in the Albanian reality. Human rights are rights that protect individuals and allow them to live with dignity protected from arbitrary of the state, or any other authority. Human life is an irreversible and therefore human rights constitute a "sacred" space, an unalienable individual sphere. This is why human rights rise to the level of fundamental valuation criteria of democracy and the legitimacy of a government. Given the historical circumstances of the development of democracy in Albania, discussion and attempts to put them in life, should be one of the essential features of education of new generations and youth activity itself. Attracting youth in daily discussion and efforts for the realization of human rights, is an imperative of our democratic life. The study is oriented towards younger generations, especially for the young student as the most emancipated youth, to become a participant in the activity of building a democratic state of law.
The Legal Position of National Minorities and the Formation of State in Years’20
Authors: Cobo Marenglen
Published: July 2017

Albania came out of World War I in an economic – political difficult situation. State institutions lack of consolidation and the difficult living conditions in which was the population, adding even more the future uncertainty of this small state. Furthermore, Albania is not yet recognized by other states and the League of Nations as an independent state with full and equal rights. This small state during the years 20 ' occupied an area of 27,539. 10 km2 and had a population of 803 959 inhabitants. As belonged to the territorial organization and administrative division, it was divided in 9 prefectures, 31 sub-prefectures and 80 provinces. Its population belonged to three different religious faiths: Muslim, Catholic and Orthodox. The number of residents who claimed to belong to the religion of Islam was about 529,694, and those who belonged to the Orthodox religion were 168 215 and those who belonged to the Catholic religion were 96,050 . But related to the ethnic composition of the population, the Albanian state is presented as homogeneouswhere national minorities occupied a small percentage, no more than 10%. The small presence of minority in Albanian territory probably was also one of the reasons that explain the reason for the lack of labor conflicts with ethnic character. Minorities that were identified as non-Albanian minorities were divided into ethno-cultural and national minorities. In the first group were included Rom and Vlachs, while on the second group were included: Montenegrin minorities, Macedonian and Greek national minorities.
Does Enhancing of the Competitiveness Influence on Foreign Direct Investments in Western Balkan Countries?
Authors: Zlatković Matea
Published: July 2017

Foreign direct investments present a valuable source of national competitiveness as they have attributes of capital flows provide knowledge and technology transfer from one country to target country. In this paper are used variables defined by World Economic Forum which construct Global Competitiveness Index for assessing competitiveness of the country. The purpose of the research is to examine does the national competitiveness increase enhance the level of FDI flows in transition Western Balkan economies that are not yet full members of European Union. The findings claim that larger increase in FDI per capita stocks in majority analyzed countries would have if making infrastructure more competitiveness, accelerate their technological readiness and improve innovation while certain countries should work on health and primary education and higher education and training. According to the results, there is no correlation between FDI flows and macroeconomic environment, institutions, development of financial markets, good market efficiency, labor market efficiency and business sophistication. Applying benchmark method, it is established the most competitive WB country as benchmark value for other transition countries in its neighborhood for enhancing their competitiveness, specially in the regional market. Also, it is obtained what if analysis to detect potential rise of FDI per capita stocks as a consequence of potential changes in some competitiveness variables. It is also calculated the potential increase in FDI/capita due to similar changes in different competitiveness variables.
International Child Abduction in Civil Matters Pursuant to Kosovo Legislation
Authors: Drizi Nehat
Published: July 2017

Migration and settlement of Kosovo citizens, whether on individual basis or family groups in other countries, amongst others, have also caused the problem of international child abduction. This abduction was done by one of the parents or a temporary guardian. Although cases involving international child abuse have practically occurred, children have not been protected lacking legal provisions. For the first time in Kosovo, this matter was regulated by promulgation of UNMIK Regulation no. 2004/29 on Protection against International Child Abduction dated 05 August 2004. Pursuant to Kosovo legislation the child abduction shall mean removal or retention of a child which constitutes breach of rights of custody attributed to a person or any other body, under the law of the State in which the child was habitually resident immediately before the removal or retention. Hereby it is intended to recon in aspects of international child abduction and their prompt return from Kosovo to the Requesting State, the child return procedures and cases from the court practice. The court authorities having jurisdiction set forth by law, shall implement the child return procedures once the legal conditions are met, and for the purpose of such implementation, they may issue different measures. The Basic Court of Pristina shall have exclusive first instance jurisdiction in Kosovo. The Ministry of Justice being the central authority shall carry out the administrative procedure for a voluntary return of the child to the Requesting State.
Price Competitiveness of International Tourism Destinations and Tourism Demand, Tourism Receipts Relationship
Authors: Göral Ramazan
Published: July 2017

The competitiveness of an industry is a critical determinant of how well it performs in world markets. The potential for any country's tourism industry to develop will depend substantially on its ability to maintain competitive advantage in its delivery of goods and services to visitors. Competitiveness is a general concept that encompasses price differentials coupled with exchange rate movements, productivity levels of various components of the tourist industry and qualitative factors affecting the attractiveness or otherwise of a destination. Given some evidence on the price sensitivity of the demand for travel, destinations need to monitor their price competitiveness relative to alternate locations. Changing costs are among the most important factors influencing the choice of a destination with prices being an essential component in the overall tourism competitiveness of a destination. The aims of this study are; first, to demonstrate the country’s tourism price competitiveness rank; second, examine the relationship between price competitiveness and tourism demand and also with tourism receipts.
Youth Categories and Drugs in Kosovo (2001-2014)
Authors: Sylejmani Rrahman
Published: July 2017

The use of narcotic substances has become a phenomenon of great concern, not only in Kosovo but also in all other countries of the world. Although in Kosovo there are no accurate statistics on how many individuals are regular users of narcotic substances, it is calculated that there are approximately 20. 000 users. To add to this concerning issue, is the fact that the usage of narcotics in elementary and secondary school pupils and students. The objective of this paper is to offer a more realistic presentation of the cases of narcotic users from the new age groups. The goal is to identify the factors that influence the increase of this phenomenon, which is increasing specifically among the youth and is dangerous for public health and the public order and safety. The Kosovo Institutions have approved a National Strategy and action plan for Fighting the Use of Narcotic that is now being implemented. According to the Kosovo Police this strategy has had some positive results. Kosovo Police held more than 150 operations a year in all Kosovo, with a goal of issuing prosecutorial charges against suspected individuals that are active in different individual and group forms, regarding the cultivation and trafficking of drugs. According to the statistics from the Kosovo Police, during the 2012 there was a significant increase of confiscated narcotic substances in comparison with 2011, the percentage of the confiscation of Marihuana has increased around 400%. The use of narcotics among young people is considered as a growing phenomenon. I consider that this is primarily a result of the lack of awareness among the youth regarding the potential dangers for health and social aspects, and lack of specialized institutions for treatment and rehabilitation of the addicted individuals. Lack of appropriate institutional treatment of this phenomenon represents a danger not only for public health but for the safety and public order in general.
Quality of Service to the Regional Road Transport Service
Authors: E.Shpuza Suela
Published: July 2017

Performance is measured and done, the quality represents a key element to achieve the performance, especially customer service quality. In response to the pressure of globalization, the market increasingly competitive and volatile market dynamics that, many organizations actively seeking ways to add value to their services and improve their quality of service. Organizations usually tend to make their operations efficient priority. This process begins with the assessment of nevojave customers, their requirements and assessing the performance of domestic human resources in organization and performance depends on the outcome of the estimated earlier. Since this process can proceed in different directions. The causes of these results may be the lack of information and support of high-level management, performance standards unclear, inaccuracies assessors, very large number of forms to be completed and the use of software for the opposite purpose.