bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Doughface
Authors: Baker Jean H.
Published: November 2024

This chapter assesses the Inaugural Address of James Buchanan. A loyal Democrat, Buchanan was popular in the South for his positions against the Republicans. He began his address with what became staples for inaugural addresses: he repeated the presidential oath of office, invoked God’s help, and, a fervent exponent of American exceptionalism, proclaimed the United States the nation with the greatest “capacity of man for self-government.” Buchanan then addressed the issue of slavery in the territories west of Missouri and Iowa, an area known as Kansas and Nebraska that awaited organization. The chapter then looks at the Kansas Nebraska Act, which introduced the concept of popular sovereignty. Having dispensed with the issue of slavery in the territories, Buchanan next celebrated the familiar principles of mid-century rhetoric—the Constitution and Union. He also promoted the importance of a military road across the territories to the Pacific, before offering his thoughts on diplomacy.
The Great Uniter
Authors: Carwardine Richard John
Published: November 2024

This chapter provides an overview of Abraham Lincoln’s Second Inaugural Address. Electoral triumph, military progress, and the death spasms of slavery gave Lincoln a greater sense of presidential authority. Moreover, Lincoln’s speech bespoke a powerful self-confidence even though it was the shortest Inaugural Address in the history of the Republic. The address was designed to prepare the way for a postwar reconciliatory reconstruction incumbent on the whole nation. According to historian Douglas Wilson, the president grew increasingly ambitious in the themes he sought to convey in his wartime public utterances. The chapter also considers the theme surrounding the sin of slavery within Lincoln’s speech, which was the core political purpose of his speech.
The Hero as President
Authors: Waugh Joan
Published: November 2024

This chapter discusses the First Inaugural Address of Ulysses S. Grant, the eighteenth president of the United States. The year 1868 was the first presidential campaign in which the issues of Reconstruction predominated, mirroring an intense debate among Americans over the struggle for the meaning of the Civil War. The chapter cites that Grant presented his case for healing the bitterness of wartime animosities. Grant’s First Inaugural Address offered a clear and pleasing pledge to reunify the broken nation, inspired by the principles of Abraham Lincoln’s Republican party. The chapter explains that the First Inaugural Speech prepared the country for Grant’s coming administration that implemented Republican-dominated, interracial governments already present in most of the ex-Confederate states.
James A. Garfield’s Inaugural Address
Authors: Singh Yuvraj
Published: November 2024

This chapter provides James A. Garfield’s Inaugural Address. In the address, Garfield discusses the celebration of a hundred years of national life, crowned with triumphs of liberty and law. The jurisdiction of the Constitution covers an area fifty times greater than it was initially in 1780. In addition, the speech acknowledges that the elevation of the negro race from slavery to the full rights of citizenship is the most important political change known since the adoption of the Constitution of 1787. The address also discusses how the Constitution addressed the notions of finances, absolute religious freedom, and civil service.
The Preacher President
Authors: Calhoun Charles W.
Published: November 2024

This chapter examines James A. Garfield’s Inaugural Address. Garfield used a personal model for his address, which discussed the central issues confronting the American people, to cultivate favor with the supporters of former president Ulysses S. Grant and Maine Senator James G. Blaine. Moreover, Garfield expressed the citizens’ anxiety regarding American democracy, but suggested against the revival of military Reconstruction. The chapter notes that Garfield hailed the nation’s prosperity after a half decade of depression in the 1870s in correlation with bountiful harvests and government policies preserving public credit and resuming payment of specie for greenback paper dollars during the Civil War. It mentions how Garfield addresses the civil service reform.
Benjamin Harrison’s Inaugural Address
Authors: Singh Yuvraj
Published: November 2024

This chapter presents Benjamin Harrison’s inaugural address. According to Harrison, taking the oath in the presence of people becomes the practice as a mutual covenant, regardless of the lack of constitutional or legal requirements. The address highlights the growing population of the Territory of Dakota while considering virtues of courage and patriotism as proof of their continued presence and increasing power. Harrison suggests amending naturalization laws to ensure the inquiry of character and good disposition of persons applying for citizenship. The chapter mentions the interest concerned with the reformation of election laws and the significance of education, virtue, justice, and patriotism.
Little Ben
Authors: Spetter Allan B.
Published: November 2024

This chapter provides an overview of the Inaugural Address of Benjamin Harrison. Harrison devoted much of his Inaugural Address to his vision of the United States becoming a great power. The chapter cites that the speed addressed the remarkable movement of Americans into the vast spaces of the Great Plains in the quarter-century since the end of the Civil War. Moreover, Harrison pointed out that the end of slavery provided the South with the opportunity to participate in the tremendous growth of the nation’s industrial economy. The chapter mentions how the economy would plunge into the second worst depression in the nation’s history shortly after Harrison left office in 1893.
Grover the Good
Authors: Algeo Matthew
Published: November 2024

This chapter tackles the Second Inaugural Address of Grover Cleveland. It explains that the speech calls for civil rights for African Americans, fair treatment of Native Americans, and equality before the law regardless of race and color. Much of Cleveland’s second term would be consumed by political disputes, sectional rivalries, and labor strife. Moreover, Cleveland’s refusal to initiate bold government programs to counteract the effects of depression did nothing to endear him to the public weary of the misery. The chapter highlights that Cleveland never wavered from his beliefs, but he ultimately paid the price and became so unpopular that his own party repudiated him from running for a third term.
William McKinley’s First Inaugural Address
Authors: Singh Yuvraj
Published: November 2024

This chapter presents William McKinley’s First Inaugural Address. The address highlights that economy is demanded in every branch of the government, especially during periods of depression in business and distress among the people. McKinley acknowledges that the United States is suffering from industrial disturbances from which speedy relief is needed. The address also indicates that McKinley aims to secure international bimetallism through cooperation with other great commercial powers of the world. McKinley notes that the best way for the government to maintain its credit is to pay as it goes through an adequate income secured by a system of taxation. The address also mentions McKinley’s insistence on reforms in the civil service.
The Front Porch Campaign
Authors: Capozzola Christopher
Published: November 2024

This chapter discusses the First Inaugural Address of William McKinley. It details how McKinley won against William Jennings Bryan through a “front porch” effort that invited thousands of onlookers into his home in Canton, Ohio. During the speech, McKinley spoke of the depths of the worst economic downturn America had experienced to date, following the Panic of 1893, and the speech mainly promised Americans the restoration of a better past. The chapter explains that McKinley embodied the contradictions of white Republicans’ thinking on race while referencing his observation of how the election demonstrated the obliteration of sectional or geographical lines. It also notes McKinley’s promises of moderation on reforms and reassurance toward foreign affairs.
William McKinley’s Second Inaugural Address
Authors: Singh Yuvraj
Published: November 2024

This chapter presents William McKinley’s Second Inaugural Address. The address starts with the acknowledgment that the anxiety concerning currency and credit during his First Inaugural Address was now gone. Additionally, McKinley attributes the success to the Treasury that assured a surplus instead of a deficit for all public needs. Every avenue of production is crowded with activity, labor is well employed, and American products find good markets at home and abroad. The address also provides an overview of how McKinley highlighted the disappearance of sectionalism, the future relations of the United States and Cuba, and the conflict with the Philippines.
Theodore Roosevelt’s Inaugural Address
Authors: Singh Yuvraj
Published: November 2024

This chapter presents the Inaugural Address of Theodore Roosevelt. According to Roosevelt, growth in wealth, population, and power of the nation is inevitably accompanied by a growth in the problems which are ever before every nation that rises to greatness. Moreover, Roosevelt highlights the importance of the relations with the other powers of the world and the relations among citizens. The forefathers faced certain perils which the nation outgrew, but now people face other perils that were impossible to foresee. Roosevelt acknowledges the insanity and complexity of modern life alongside the tremendous changes wrought by the extraordinary industrial development of the past half century.
William Howard Taft’s Inaugural Address
Authors: Singh Yuvraj
Published: November 2024

This chapter presents the Inaugural Address of William Howard Taft. Taft considers suggestions in respect to the needed amendments to the tariffs, antitrust and interstate commerce law, and the changes required in the executive departments concerned in their enforcement. Taft also highlights the importance of the nation maintaining its proper place in the world while proposing a focus on the Army, Navy, and suitable fortifications upon the mainland of the United States and its dependencies. The address indicates that Taft hoped Congress would be alive enough to push foreign trade and increase trade in the Orient, the Philippines, and South America. It also cites the work on the Panama Canal and the governments of dependencies in Puerto Rico and the Philippines.
Woodrow Wilson’s First Inaugural Address
Authors: Singh Yuvraj
Published: November 2024

This chapter presents the First Inaugural Address of Woodrow Wilson. The address begins with Wilson's acknowledgment of the Democrats becoming a decisive majority in government. The address indicates Wilson’s belief that the nation sought the use of the Democratic party to interpret a change and point of view. The nation’s work of restoration is concerned, with some degree of particularity, with matters such as tariffs, banking and currency systems, industrial systems, and water courses. Moreover, Wilson indicates that the nation has been deeply stirred by a solemn passion and the knowledge of wrong, but he assures that the new age will bring right and opportunity when justice and mercy are reconciled.
The Schoolmaster
Authors: Enholm Robert A.
Published: November 2024

This chapter examines the First Inaugural Address of Woodrow Wilson. It states that Wilson was the most consequential American president in the period between Abraham Lincoln and Franklin D. Roosevelt, while he also represented the white supremacy that prevailed in and defined his era. The hallmark of Woodrow Wilson’s rhetoric was his exhortation to great ideals and his invocation of universal principles. Wilson’s First Inaugural Speech is animated by progressivism, a movement in both Republican and Democratic politics in this era, associated with good government, antitrust, conservation of natural resources, efficiency, workers’ rights and product safety. The chapter considers the approach of subjective or normative history to review Wilson's inauguration speech, including oversights on international issues and the growing suffragist movement.
Cool Cal
Authors: Shlaes Amity
Published: November 2024

This chapter explores the Inaugural Address of Calvin Coolidge. It explains that Coolidge became president following the death of President Warren Harding in August 1923, but he did win the election on his own right and by a powerful mandate in 1924. The themes of the inauguration speech revolve around the importance of the divisions of government, respect, toleration, tax policy, and religious faith. The chapter cites that Coolidge believed that free speech and free thought are important for the mind of America in order to be forever free. It notes that Coolidge offered consolidation regardless of America’s imperfect and lofty principles.
Herbert Hoover’s Inaugural Address
Authors: Singh Yuvraj
Published: November 2024

This chapter presents the Inaugural Address of Herbert Hoover. Hoover provides a brief review of America’s progress as a nation after emerging from the losses of the Great War and the reconstruction following the war with increased virility and strength. Hoover also acknowledges Calvin Coolidge’s work and guidance amidst the great period of recovery. The address also presents several key concepts, such as public health, education, world peace, government cooperation, failing the criminal justice system, and the enforcement of the Eighteenth Amendment. In the address, Hoover admits that the issues the country is facing are problems of progress to higher standards.
Franklin D. Roosevelt’s Second Inaugural Address
Authors: Singh Yuvraj
Published: November 2024

This chapter examines the Second Inaugural Address of Franklin D. Roosevelt. Roosevelt contends that the founders of the Republic knew that a democratic government had an innate capacity to protect its people against disasters once considered inevitable. The chapter also indicates how Roosevelt noted the one hundred and fiftieth anniversary of the Constitutional Convention wherein the forefathers created a strong government with powers of united action. Roosevelt also highlights how new materials of social justice can erect old foundations in a more enduring structure for future generations in response to progressing out of the Great Depression. The chapter notes the efforts to maintain a democracy.
Ike
Authors: Birkner Michael J.
Published: November 2024

This chapter describes the inauguration of Dwight D. Eisenhower as the nation’s thirty-fourth president, which was conducted in the midst of a stalemated war in Korea. The Korean War was one of the factors contributing to Eisenhower’s decisive victory over Democrat Adlai Stevenson in November 1952. It looks at three key themes that were central to Eisenhower’s crusade: communism, corruption, and Korea. The chapter considers the inaugural speech Eisenhower delivered as neither the longest nor the shortest of its kind, nor was it filled with florid expressions. Eisenhower highlighted the importance of the American nation’s founding documents and the watchfulness of Divine Providence and observed the struggle against atheistic communism, which was central to America’s future.
John F. Kennedy’s Inaugural Address
Authors: Singh Yuvraj
Published: November 2024

This chapter presents John F. Kennedy’s Inaugural Address, which he delivered on January 20, 1961. In his Inaugural Address, Kennedy emphasizes the Cold War challenges that he would face in foreign and defense policy. Kennedy begins his first address as president, to the American people and the world, with a paean to freedom, represented by his election and the peaceful transition of power. The address includes Kennedy’s praise of the revolutionary beliefs of America’s founders that the rights of man come not from the generosity of the state but from the hand of God. Kennedy does not hesitate to call on the deistic natural rights theory embraced by drafters of the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution.
Camelot
Authors: Perry Barbara Ann
Published: November 2024

This chapter discusses the Inaugural Address delivered by John F. Kennedy. Kennedy’s historic Inaugural Address featured pithy syntax, soaring rhetoric, and compelling symbolism and conveyed a larger range of meaning, with emotional, moral, or psychological impact. It highlights Kennedy’s description of how drastically the world had changed in the nuclear age, implying that man holds in his mortal hands the power to abolish all forms of human poverty as well as all forms of human life. The chapter reviews Kennedy’s words about how people must pay any price, bear any burden, meet any hardship, support any friend, and oppose any foe to assure the survival and success of liberty. In his speech, Kennedy called for peace to avoid accidental self-destruction, but he also swore to maintain parity in the arms race in order to avoid tempting the communists with weakness.
Lyndon B. Johnson’s Inaugural Address
Authors: Singh Yuvraj
Published: November 2024

This chapter presents Lyndon B. Johnson’s Inaugural Address, which he delivered on January 20, 1965. In his Inaugural Address, Johnson lays out a covenant for the American people comprising justice, liberty, and union that will allow America to become a prosperous, great, and mighty nation. Johnson makes it clear that his vision of justice includes all Americans, portending future challenges and underscoring the need for racial justice. The address highlights Johnson’s belief that the Great Society is not an ordered, changeless, and sterile battalion of ants. Johnson calls America a nation of believers in justice and liberty and union, where every man must one day be free.
“The Title of Peacemaker”
Authors: Hughes Ken
Published: November 2024

This chapter reviews the First Inaugural Address of Richard M. Nixon. On Inauguration Day 1969, Nixon seemed to be copying the most popular inaugural address of the Cold War, the one delivered by John F. Kennedy eight years earlier. The chapter explores how Nixon’s speech inaugurated an era of rapprochement with Communist China and détente with the Soviet Union. Nixon thought he could play the Communist powers off one another, exploit the growing rift between the Soviet Union and the People’s Republic of China, and use the prospect of improved relations with China against Russia, with Russia against China, and with both against North Vietnam. Nixon fought successfully to keep the public from hearing most of his secretly recorded White House tapes and reading most of the records of his negotiations with Communist leaders.
Richard M. Nixon’s Second Inaugural Address
Authors: Singh Yuvraj
Published: November 2024

This chapter presents Richard M. Nixon’s Second Inaugural Address, wherein he emphasized that the peace he sought would not bring with it a return to pre–World War II isolationism. Nixon vowed to build a structure of peace, in which America’s role would remain indispensable. Although Nixon did not use the term “American exceptionalism,” he proclaimed that America’s record in this century has been unparalleled in the world’s history for its responsibility, generosity, creativity, and progress. The chapter details how Nixon had extricated America from an unwinnable war and reconciled the country with its two giant Cold War enemies, hoping that his actions would allow the country the opportunity to heal and to address its numerous domestic problems. It notes the Watergate scandal, which reflects some of Nixon’s worst political instincts and insecurities that overshadowed the vision presented in this speech and led to his downfall.
“Just a Little Straight Talk”
Authors: Greene John Robert
Published: November 2024

This chapter analyzes the Inaugural Address of Gerald R. Ford as the thirty-eighth president of the United States, which was unique in the annals of American history. Ford was the first vice president to accede to the presidency under the terms of the Twenty-fifth Amendment, following the resignation of Richard M. Nixon. It explores how Ford’s talk emphasized his Midwestern roots and his deeply held Episcopalian faith, asking the nation for prayers for Richard Nixon and his family. The chapter notes that Ford’s speech of 850 words was the fourth shortest inaugural address in history. It was so brief that many in the press did not know what to make of it.
The Teflon President
Authors: Morgan Iwan
Published: November 2024

This chapter reviews Ronald Reagan’s inauguration to a second term as president, which marked the fiftieth inaugural ceremony in American history. Reagan’s Second Inaugural Address spoke to America’s restored confidence in expressing pride at the progress made in the last four years and looking ahead to what needed to be done in the next four to consolidate national renewal. It discusses how Reagan’s speech followed in spirit from the iconic political commercial of his re-election campaign, implying that it’s “morning again in America.” This conservative anti-statist message was at the heart of his 1985 address, which identified the two key domestic goals of his second administration as tax reform and deficit elimination. The chapter recounts how the failure to find political agreement doomed Reagan’s advocacy in the 1985 Inaugural Address of a constitutional amendment to stop the federal government from spending more than it took in annually in taxes.
George H. W. Bush’s Inaugural Address
Authors: Singh Yuvraj
Published: November 2024

This chapter presents George H. W. Bush’s Inaugural Address, the theme of which was built upon a powerful quote about Bush taking the hope of a saint as his guide. In the speech, Bush makes a reference to President John F. Kennedy’s Inaugural Address. It details Bush’s addition to Kennedy’s allegory about the summons of the trumpet, noting that while others see leadership as the sound of trumpets calling, he sees history as a book with many pages that are filled with acts of hopefulness and meaning. According to Bush, the people of the world agitate for free expression and free thought through the door to the moral and intellectual satisfactions that only liberty allows. Bush speaks of new engagement in the lives of others, a new activism, hands-on and involved, that gets the job done.
The Politician
Authors: Riley Russell L.
Published: November 2024

This chapter discusses Bill Clinton’s Second Inaugural Address, which reveals a consistent and durable core to his approach to politics. Clinton’s speech focused on opportunity, responsibility, and community as cornerstones to a persistent philosophy of government. It considers the three themes as the product of long and hard thought by Clinton about how his chosen party could succeed in a nation that had in five of six elections voted overwhelmingly against it. The chapter explains that opportunity, responsibility, and community were an incantation intended to help Americans accept a role for government that might not occur naturally to them. Clinton’s Second Inaugural exposes a president laboring to fathom the obscure currents of history engulfing his times and how best to respond to them.
George W. Bush’s First Inaugural Address
Authors: Singh Yuvraj
Published: November 2024

This chapter presents George W. Bush’s First Inaugural Address, which he delivered on January 20, 2001. Bush’s fourteen-minute paean to civic virtues repeatedly emphasizes the importance of showing respect to political opponents. Bush first thanks Bill Clinton for his service and then thanks Al Gore for a contest conducted with spirit and ended with grace. The address highlights Bush’s allusion to the partisan divisions of the election in soothing terms, implying that differences run so deep that it seems he and his peers share a continent, but not a country. Bush returns several times to the theme of civility in political discourse and asserts that civility is not a tactic or a sentiment, but a determined choice of trust over cynicism and of community over chaos.
“Democracy Is Precious, Democracy Is Fragile”
Authors: Masur Kate
Published: November 2024

This chapter details how Joe Biden delivered his Inaugural Address of January 20, 2021, to a jittery nation rocked by the lethal coronavirus pandemic and a horrific assault on American democracy. Biden did not characterize Abraham Lincoln as a unifier, but instead he quoted the reminiscences of artist Francis B. Carpenter. Much of Biden’s Inaugural Address was concerned with offering reasons for optimism amid a myriad of crises. The chapter highlights Biden’s first act as president, which was to ask Americans to join him in a moment of silent prayer to remember all those lost in the past year to the pandemic. It discusses Biden’s frankness regarding where the nation stood at the time, indicating a vision of the past that was a significant change from that of his predecessor.
Knocked Back on Our Heels
Authors: Miller Robin Lin , Ayala George
Published: November 2024

This chapter examines how the Project ACT partners responded to adverse and unexpected events while implementing their advocacy activities. In every setting, a wide range of challenges emerged from security threats to political upheaval to disaster to the overwhelming stress of addressing violence and human rights abuses. Some disturbances were tied closely to the ongoing work, whereas others resulted from increased tensions and uncertainties of the larger political, economic, and cultural context. Still others resulted from oversights and miscalculations in planning. Chapter 7 lays out how these occurrences impacted the ongoing advocacy and identifies the resources and principles in action that assisted the partners in weathering challenging circumstances.
There Will Be No Protests Here
Authors: Miller Robin Lin , Ayala George
Published: November 2024

Chapter 9 considers the lessons learned through Project ACT on community-led work to upend the stigma and discrimination faced by gender and sexual minority people in Africa and the Caribbean, and that underpins the HIV epidemic. It highlights the principles of effective partnerships and advocacy practice that contributed to the project’s successes and which, when not closely observed, took away from the potential impact of the Project ACT partners collective efforts. The chapter draws policy and practice recommendations for removing structural barriers to HIV care for sexual and gender minority communities. It also addresses the role of evaluation and engaged forms of scholarship in human rights advocacy efforts and, in so doing, distinguishes advocacy evaluation and its importance.
Ideas and Antecedents
Authors: Chapnick Adam , McKercher Asa
Published: November 2024

A selective history of Canadian foreign policy from the Seven Years’ War (1756–63) to 1935. It highlights the roles of borders, national unity, the quest for independence in Canadian external affairs, colonialism in the context of Indigenous peoples, the Alaska boundary dispute, the expansion of Canadian diplomatic representation, early immigration policy and racism in Canada, the politics of negotiating free trade with the United States, the impact of the First World War, isolationism at the League of Nations, the Great Depression, political radicalism, and the role of non-state actors and civil society in shaping Canada’s early foreign policy posture. It emphasizes Ottawa’s cautious approach to international engagement, its selective approach to immigration, and the politicization of Canadian trade policy.
William Lyon Mackenzie King and the Evolution of Canada’s Global Posture, 1935–1948
Authors: Chapnick Adam , McKercher Asa
Published: November 2024

The chapter examines Canada’s increased engagement in world affairs from 1935–48. It includes efforts to increase trade with the United States and the United Kingdom, the independent entry of Canada into the Second World War, the expansion of Canada’s diplomatic presence, the creation of the United Nations, and the onset of the Cold War. It discusses the origins of Canada’s functional principle and the middle power idea. The cases focus on the miserly Canadian response to the voyage of the MS St Louis, the wartime Canada–US Hyde Park Declaration, and Canadian involvement in the negotiations to create the North Atlantic Treaty. The Beyond the Book case examines the debate over the Great Power veto at the United Nations.
Louis St Laurent and the Expansion of the Canadian Foreign Policy Realm, 1948–1957
Authors: Chapnick Adam , McKercher Asa
Published: November 2024

This chapter examines a period of intense and successful Canadian activity in world affairs led by Liberal Prime Minister Louis St Laurent that is often referred to as a golden age in Canadian foreign policy. It includes expansion of diplomatic representation; involvement in a range of new international organizations; participation in a UN-sanctioned, US-led Western intervention in the Korean War; management of an increasingly complex relationship with the United States; the national response to decolonization; and the end of 22 consecutive years of Liberal rule. The cases include Canada’s initial contribution to the Colombo Plan for Cooperative Economic Development in South and Southeast Asia, the establishment of the Distant Early Warning Line in the Canadian North, and Canada’s roles in the Suez Crisis and Hungarian Revolution. The Beyond the Book case examines Canada’s post-war policy toward the Organization of American States.
John Diefenbaker and the Politics of Foreign Policy Decision Making, 1957–1963
Authors: Chapnick Adam , McKercher Asa
Published: November 2024

This chapter examines Canadian foreign policy under the unconventional leadership of Progressive Conservative Prime Minister John Diefenbaker from 1957 to 1963. It includes the prime minister’s 1958 world tour, a failed effort to divert trade from the United States to Great Britain, disagreements within the Commonwealth over trade and human rights, peacekeeping in the Congo, closer military integration with the United States to support the defence of North America, and changes to Canada’s immigration policy. The cases include the establishment of the North American Air Defence Command, Canada’s response to South African Apartheid, and the national debate over nuclear weapons. The Beyond the Book case examines Canada–US relations during the Cuban Missile Crisis. The political challenges facing the inexperienced and insecure Diefenbaker government are emphasized throughout.
Jean Chrétien, Paul Martin, and the Aftermath of 9/11, 2001–2006
Authors: Chapnick Adam , McKercher Asa
Published: November 2024

This chapter examines the foreign policies of Liberal Prime Ministers Jean Chrétien and Paul Martin beginning in the aftermath of 9/11 and ending with the defeat of the Martin Liberals on a motion of non-confidence in late 2005. It covers the Canadian response to the 9/11 attacks, the Smart Border Accord, the creation of a new Department of Public Safety, Canada’s contribution to the International Security Assistance Force in Afghanistan, the Martin foreign policy review and the resultant white paper, A Role of Pride and Influence in the World, international assistance to Africa and Haiti, and the Security and Prosperity Partnership with the United States and Mexico. The cases deal with Canada’s controversial accession to the Kyoto Protocol, the Chrétien government’s decision not to support the 2002 US intervention in Iraq, and the expansion of the Canadian military commitment in Afghanistan. The Beyond the Book case recalls Canada’s refusal to join the US ballistic missile defence program.
The Beginning Psychotherapist's Companion
Authors: Willer Jan
Published: November 2024

With a reassuring and clear writing style, this third edition of The Beginning Psychotherapist’s Companion offers practical suggestions and clinical examples to address the professional development and emotional concerns of the beginning psychotherapist. Guidance is provided in managing their relationships with their supervisors and diverse clients. This book educates readers on managing their personal well-being and discusses the foundations of ethical practice, including informed consent, confidentiality, and documentation. Extensive coverage of boundary issues includes self-disclosure and the reader’s online presence. Guidance is provided regarding electronic communications and data management. The reader is guided on how and when to refer clients for medication and other health care. Professional advice is provided on contemporary concerns such as telehealth, social networking, online searches of clients, the psychotherapist’s internet presence, and other important emerging challenges. Approaches to behavioral health emergencies are introduced. Comprehensive, practical, and thoroughly updated, The Beginning Psychotherapist’s Companion, Third Edition, is the ideal resource for students and early career psychotherapists.
Common Feelings
Authors: Willer Jan
Published: November 2024

This chapter discusses common feelings that arise in the mental health trainee and feelings that can arise within the therapeutic relationship. These include anxiety, confusion, feeling stuck, self-doubt, and feelings of inadequacy. Also, many beginning psychotherapists feel their minds going blank when talking with clients. Coping skills for these feelings and experiences are discussed briefly. The concept of imposter syndrome is explored, with attention to the effects of sexism, racism, and microaggressions. Common struggles with competence and perfectionism are discussed. The chapter also introduces the concepts of transference and countertransference as common cross-theoretical experiences. Finally, distress and coping skills about clients’ problematic behavior are discussed.
The Supervisor–Supervisee Relationship (with Jan Willer, Shona N. Vas, and Erin Gandelman)
Authors: Willer Jan
Published: November 2024

This chapter introduces the reader to the supervisor–supervisee relationship. The frame of supervision is outlined, along with the goals of a trainee placement, and evaluations that are done. The reader is advised regarding realistic expectations of self, cultural humility in supervision, special issues regarding online supervision, supervisor–supervisee boundaries, and coping with a poor supervisory match. Inadequate and harmful supervision are examined, with examples for each. The healthy supervision relationship is described, along with advice on how to get the most from supervision. Qualities of healthy supervisory relationships include fostering an open and nonthreatening relationship, empathy, validation of experiences, and commitment to the supervisee’s professional development.
Clinical Electronic Communications and Data Security (with Jan Willer and Margo Adams Larsen)
Authors: Willer Jan
Published: November 2024

This chapter discusses legal and professional issues regarding data security and electronic communications. The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA) Security Rule is discussed, which provides data security guidelines that all health care professionals must follow. Common inadvertent client data exposures are described, such as clients being able to glance at data on a computer screen about other clients. Data security and managing personal devices that access protected health information of clients are reviewed. The reader is introduced to Business Associate Agreements (BAAs). Secure and appropriately professional electronic communications with clients and other health care professionals are discussed. Relevant issues with apps and telehealth are reviewed.
Health-Related Referrals
Authors: Willer Jan
Published: November 2024

This chapter discusses the process of making health-related referrals. It is important that psychotherapists learn about their clients’ physical health as well as their mental health and encourage appropriate medical care and evaluations as needed. Medical illness can cause apparent psychological symptoms. Chronic pain and appropriate referrals for that are discussed. The reader is introduced to the field of health psychology and advised when referrals to those professionals may be helpful. The importance of assessing sleep and making referrals for insomnia and likely sleep disorders is discussed. The reader is introduced to the challenges of traumatic brain injury and to when a referral to a neuropsychologist is warranted.
Mental Health Settings, Treatments, and Referrals
Authors: Willer Jan
Published: November 2024

This chapter discusses the variety of mental health settings, treatments, and referrals for the beginning psychotherapist. It is important to understand the range of treatment options available and make an appropriate referral given the client’s level of distress and personal needs. Specifically, the following are discussed: community resources, adjunctive treatments and referrals, partial hospitalization, intensive outpatient programs, inpatient psychiatric hospitalization, transcranial magnetic stimulation, electroconvulsive therapy, other brain stimulation therapies, and ketamine. The reader is also introduced to some of the many complementary and alternative medicine approaches that might be used or appealing to clients. Finally, traditional medicine is discussed along with some clinical recommendations.
Your Growth (with Erin Kaseda, Emily Graupman, Erin Gandelman, Noelle Mastrili, and Jan Willer)
Authors: Willer Jan
Published: November 2024

This chapter provides encouragement to the beginning psychotherapist regarding several challenges they will likely experience during graduate school. Learning how to navigate being a new psychotherapist is just one of the many challenges that graduate students face. Other challenges can include learning that they are capable of doing hard things, recommitting to their professional goals, prioritizing and knowing their limits, appreciating themselves as early career professionals, using feedback for self-understanding as a professional, and discovering their own professional path. The importance of embracing their personal lives and of being kind to themselves are also discussed.
Family Musicking Framework
Authors: Huisman Koops Lisa
Published: November 2024

Musicking is a term that refers to every aspect of music-making, including singing, dancing, moving, listening, playing an instrument, creating music, and providing opportunities for music to happen. “Musical parenting” means helping your child develop their musicality. “Parenting musically” refers to using music for non-musical goals in family life. The ideas come together in the Family Musicking Framework. It can be informative to analyze one’s family’s musical interactions. Becoming aware of the four factors in the Family Musicking Framework can help family members decide if they would like to shift any of the priorities or purposes when it comes to their family’s musicking.
You Are a Musical Family
Authors: Huisman Koops Lisa
Published: November 2024

In this chapter, we explore the starting point that all humans are musical, even though some messages in our culture might suggest the opposite. The concept of music aptitude can help us understand that learning certain types or elements of music might be easier or harder for individuals. Yet all humans have the potential to learn music and to do music. There are many ways to include music in family life, both those that fit into parenting musically and those that are expressions of musical parenting. Any family can be a musical family and there are many ways to do music as a family—and no one right way!
Celebrating Your Family’s Musical Canon
Authors: Huisman Koops Lisa
Published: November 2024

Many families have a group of songs and musical pieces that are important to them. We can refer to this as a family’s “musical canon.” Having a set of songs common to your family can help create closer emotional ties, provide emotional “anchors” later in life, and contribute to routine and structure. Family musical canons shift over time. Returning to a playlist or album from an earlier time can be a fun way to reminisce. Bringing intention to what a family listens to, as well as sings or plays, gives the family the opportunity to create shared memories, meaning, and experiences. Learning about an individual or family’s “musical canon” is also a great way to get to know family members or friends better.
Cherishing Your Additional Adults in Family Musicking
Authors: Huisman Koops Lisa
Published: November 2024

In this chapter we consider the importance of additional adults in children’s musical lives. Grandparents, aunts, uncles, extended family, and additional caring adults can play an important part in children’s musical lives. These individuals may be living close by or farther away. Some readers may be those extra adults, looking for ways to provide enrichment or joy through music to the children in their lives. “Mutuality” is a concept that reminds us that having the opportunity to encourage or share with children has benefit for adults. I invite the reader to think about ways to connect with neighbors or community members if they would like to expand their family’s web of important adults.
What Are Your Family’s Musical Hopes and Dreams?
Authors: Huisman Koops Lisa
Published: November 2024

Specifying one’s musical hopes and dreams for one’s family is an important part of understanding the role of music in family life. Musical hopes and dreams can be interconnected with hopes and dreams for children in other developmental areas. In this chapter we consider the musical hopes and dreams the reader has for their family. I share a checklist inventory as one way to think more deeply about these hopes and dreams. Talking to the children in their life is another important step. A mismatch between a family’s hope and dreams and those of a music teacher could create misunderstanding. It is important to communicate one’s hopes and dreams to the music teachers a family works with. I encourage readers to consider whether cultural assumptions or bias are interfering with pursuing their family’s musical hopes and dreams.
Music Before Birth
Authors: Huisman Koops Lisa
Published: November 2024

Some expectant parents may be worried about what their unborn baby listens to. However, the most important aspect of music in the prenatal period is how parents use music for their own relaxation and enjoyment. Fetuses can hear beginning at 27–29 weeks gestation, and babies recognize the music and sounds they heard in utero for several months after birth. Activities such as creating playlists and connecting with role models are ways to prepare for parenting musically. Expectant parents could also consider reading ahead in the book to the chapters on infancy, how to participate in early childhood music experiences, and singing.
How to Sustain Musical Involvement
Authors: Huisman Koops Lisa
Published: November 2024

In this chapter, families are encouraged to be flexible when thinking about their child’s music involvement for the “long game.” Awareness of practical and relational musicking can help sustain involvement. Balancing relational and practical musicking may be helpful in aligning musical hopes and dreams with motivation. When parents keep in mind the many ways to be musical and model lifelong musicking and musical enjoyment, this will help sustain children’s musical involvement for the “long game.” Readers should remember there are many ways to be musical. Perhaps one’s child will transfer their musical skills learned in childhood to other forms of musicking as a young adult.
Distinctively Mathematical Explanation
Authors: Povich Mark
Published: November 2024

This chapter characterizes distinctively mathematical explanation (DME), describes prominent putative examples, and presents three desiderata for any philosophical account of DME: it should accommodate and explicate the modal import of some DMEs, for some DMEs show that their explananda are mathematically impossible; it should distinguish uses of mathematics in scientific explanation that are distinctively mathematical from those that are not, for there is a relatively intuitively clear distinction; and it should accommodate the “directionality” of DMEs, which is a special case of the more general desideratum: don’t count non-explanations as explanations. The chapter then illustrates how two recent accounts of DME fail to meet some or all of the desiderata.
Renormalization Group Explanation
Authors: Povich Mark
Published: November 2024

Renormalization group (RG) explanations are explanations that use a distinctive mathematical method called the RG method. RG is a method of coarse-graining or reducing the degrees of freedom or the amount of detail in a model. This chapter argues that the distinctiveness of this mathematical procedure does not imply that RG explanations are distinctively mathematical explanations (DMEs), contra Reutlinger. Instead, RG explanations are standard causal, mechanistic, or otherwise ontic explanations and, thus, fall under the book’s generalized ontic conception of explanation. The chapter defends this claim against criticisms by Batterman and Rice. It also criticizes their account of the explanatoriness of minimal model explanations, of which RG explanations are a species.
Deflating the Narrow Ontic Counterfactual Account
Authors: Povich Mark
Published: November 2024

This chapter deflates the platonistic language of the Narrow Ontic Counterfactual Account (NOCA) by giving a normativist account of the mathematical modality involved therein. It argues that mathematical truths express actual conceptual rules—rules for transforming empirical descriptions—and that countermathematicals (i.e., counterfactuals with mathematically impossible antecedents) convey what would be the case as judged from the perspective of the non-actual conceptual rules expressed in the antecedent. It further argues that so deflating NOCA does not reduce its explanatory power nor its ontic status. More generally, normativism blocks any enhanced indispensability argument (EIA) from the existence of distinctively mathematical explanations (DMEs) to platonism, no matter what account of DME one adopts. This is illustrated by showing how normativism similarly deflates other accounts of DME, such as Pincock’s abstract dependence account and Baron’s Pythagorean proposal.
Semantics, Metasemantics, and Function
Authors: Povich Mark
Published: November 2024

This chapter defends an inferentialist account of mathematical conceptual content that is compatible with normativism and NOCA. It argues for a broad normative inferentialist account of the content of mathematical concepts according to which their content is inferentially articulated as well as being structural-empirical; i.e., those that have empirical content have structural application conditions. It also argues that this metasemantic inferentialist account is compatible with truth-conditional semantics, semantic deflationism, and normativism. This compatibility is possible, in part, because normativism is a thesis about the function of mathematical discourse; truth-conditional semantics is, obviously, a semantic thesis; and these are consistent with a variety of metasemantic theses, such as inferentialism.
Telling Through Love
Authors: Smalls Krystal A.
Published: November 2024

Chapter 2 “Telling Through Love: A Methodology for Testifying to Black Life” considers the methods of telling the fugitive Black livingness of others as a Black person. In addition to providing a deeply reflexive and somewhat atomic account of the methods used, it addresses some of the political and ethical implications of Smalls doing this particular work with these particular participants in this particular moment. To that end, the author sifts through her participants’ and her relationships to Blackness and to one another through Blackness. After framing Telling Blackness’s methodology as a version of Gina Ulysse’s rasanblaj approach, the chapter’s final section lays out raciosemiotics as an epistemological and methodological approach and details the theoretical minutiae of an ethnographic semiotic discourse analysis of language and race that includes digital life.