bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Yield Improvement Study on a Reduced Size Blank Metal Sheet for Stamping Product
Authors:   Politeknik Sultan Azlan Shah, Malaysia, Hamid Izwan
Published: April 2021

This paper is about the reduction of the overall size of metal blanking sheet that is being used to form a stamping product or car body panel of a car manufacturer in Malaysia. The current blanking sheet produces extra waste which will be recycled and does not contribute to increase productivity but increases inventory cost. The reduction in the blanking sheet size will lead to the reduction of raw material hence reduced the production cost. However, the reduced size of blanking sheet could affect the yield strength of the product. The study of the yield strength and yield improvement of the product are done by simulating stress analysis by using CATIA software. The results show that the new proposed size of the metal blanking sheet provides accuracy of the product dimension as well as maintaining the yield strength of the product and it reduced a significant amount of metal scrap which is nearly 4% of material weight and save around 10% of inventory cost.
Analysis of Machining Pit by using Electrical Discharge Machine Die Sinking
Authors:   Politeknik Tuanku Sultanah Bahiyah, Malaysia
Published: April 2021

This study investigates metal removal rate (MRR) of the biomaterial by using discharge machine Neuar CNC A50 Electrical Discharge Machine Die Sinking (EDM DS). The purpose of this study is to compare machining curvature cup for material SKD 11 and stainless steel with shape curvature cup acetabular. The result showed that electrode wear is higher when high current is applied. For each applied current 0.5A and 3.0A could result electrode wear of 0.236 mm, 0.246 mm and 0.269 mm respectively. Mean time of complete discharged for each pit with 0.3mm depth with supply 0. 5A is 6.51 minutes; 1. 5A is 3.54 minutes and 3A is 1.52 minutes. The biggest mean parameter of the pit is 0.356 mm, with 3A of current is applied. From this study, it can be concluded that low current set may give lower electrode copper wear. The experiment will help a researcher to discharge biomaterial types of metal with small size of copper electrode use of EDM DS Neuar for discharge multi hole or micro pit.
Antioxidant Activity of Bacterial Cellulose Based Edible Films Incorporated with Catechin and Citrus aurantium L (Bergamot) Essential Oil
Authors:   Indonesian Institute of Sciences-Research Unit for Clean Technology, Indonesia
Published: April 2021

Bacterial cellulose-based edible films have been known as natural material and eco-friendly fibers for food packaging. The edible films contain carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), Tween 80 and glycerol as an external food protection. The edible films as carriers of ingredients agents (antimicrobial, antioxidant) preserve the quality of food product. Incorporating antioxidant compounds into edible films provide the novel approach to improve the safety, shelf-life of foods and physical properties. In present study, the antioxidant agents are cathechin and bergamot oil. The study was aimed to investigate the antioxidant activities of edible films incorporated with catechin (FC), bergamot oil (FB) and both cathechin and bergamot oil (FCB). Antioxidant activity was carried out using DPPH method. The results showed that antioxidant activities of FC, FB and FCB with various concentrations antioxidant agents (1-2.5%) were 65.78%, 73.16% and 81.07% respectively. GC-MS showed bergamot oil contained compounds limonene (23,66%) , linalool (19.44), and lynalil acetate (37,88). SEM showed the surface of edible films FB and FCB were fine and smooth. Edible film only and FC revealed the cracks on the surfaces of films. Alll compounds of edible films were still available based on FTIR results.
Chemical and Physical Properties Of Coconut Fiber In Asphalt Mixture: A Review
Authors:   Politeknik Ungku Omar, Che Wan Che Norazman
Published: April 2021

This paper is a review of the chemical and physical properties of coconut fiber in asphalt mixtures. Coconut fibers (CF) are natural fibers and also an agricultural waste, which is abundant after the extraction of juice and coconut fruit. Nowadays, CF has been studied for its potential use in the construction field to increase the strength of materials with its high tensile strength. Additionally, CF can also be one the materials in highway construction as it can improve the skid resistance of asphalt pavements. It was shown that CF treated with NaOH lowered the penetration value and increased the softening point of modified bitumen. Flow of bitumen also can be avoided at high mixing and compaction temperatures by adding 0.7% of CF.
Entrepreneurial Orientation and Innovation for Improving Competitive Advantage
Authors:   Ekuitas Business School, Indonesia
Published: April 2021

This study aims to identify the entrepreneurial orientation and innovation in maintaining the business continuity and competitive advantage, especially in the small and medium enterprises in the Binong Jati Knitting Industry Center Bandung. The research method used is descriptive analytical with qualitative approaches, in order to know entrepreneurial orientation and innovation of entrepreneurs. The research was conducted through surveys and interviews with craftsmen, the owner of the home industry, customers, and other related parties of knitting industry stakeholders. From the results of the study obtained that competitive advantage, which is indicated by the ability to face the threat of new products or substitute products, as well as challenges from suppliers, customers, and competitors' strategies; can be improved through entrepreneurial orientation and innovation. There are three indicators on entrepreneurial orientation, namely creative activity, proactive, and courage to take risks, while innovation consists of three indicators, namely product, process, and system innovation.
Integrator-Backstepping Based Control for Nonlinear Roll-to-Roll Web Dynamics
Authors:   Vietnamese-German University, Vietnam
Published: April 2021

The paper presents a method for control analysis and design of roll-to-roll (R2R) dynamic system for printed electronics technology. The research provides an advanced control analysis and design methodology for a general multioutput multi-input (MIMO) strict-feedback class of nonlinear dynamic systems. The research starts with an integrator-backstepping control (IBSC) law formulation for the system by defining the modified tracking error in term of integral of normal tracking error. Considering each sublayer of control design process via a chosen Control Lyapunov function (CLF) and parameter assignment results in anIBSC law. Then, an IBSC law-based control strategy is provided for the design model. For the application of the proposed method, dynamic analysis on roll-to-roll (R2R) web system is made to transform a general nonlinear R2R web dynamics into a standard MIMO strict-feedback form for control analysis and design purposes. With the achieved model, an IBSC-based control algorithm is provided for numerical simulation and experiments. A control software is developed for implementing studies of numerical simulation and experiments to validate the reliability and feasibility of the proposed method.
Rice Husk Gasifier Experiment as Biofuel Source in UiTM Pulau Pinang
Authors:   Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia
Published: April 2021

Rice husk gasification developed as process that converts organic rice husk into a producer gas. The achievement is to reduce dependency on fossil fuel, reduce pollution and move into green technology. Downdraft gasifier is a reactor that can produce lower tar concentration in the producer gas. There are important objectives had been investigated which are to modify on laboratory scaled downdraft gasifier from the previous project, where suitable with the rice husk gasification system, to measure the exit temperatures in gasifier which it determine tar quantity at the output, to measure the amount of moisture removed from the rice husk where it determine the quantity of moisture in rice husk and, to measure the complete burning of rice husk in a gasifier by taking the time performing the experiments. All the objectives are to be obtaining the output which can be used as a biofuel sources. The method to achieve the objectives, firstly redesign performed using SolidWork software. Next, the temperature determined using thermocouple. Then, next objective which the rice husk drying analysis determined by drying rice husk and scale it with weighing scale. And lastly, burning was determined by using stopwatch and weighing scale with complete fabricated gasifier. The results shows the fabrication of the modification, average exits temperature of producer gas which around 203.93°C, different moisture weight of rice husk which around 10grams and, average time of completes burning of gasifier is 61 minutes and ability to capture producer gas’s flammability. This work concluded by achieves the objectives based on the results and may increase in understanding of the works related.
Development of High Speed Train Door System for Improving Maintenance
Authors:   Korea Railroad Corporation, Korea
Published: April 2021

The train door of the high speed train currently operation in Korea is consist of 46 train set(1,656 units) and they are all made up of imports. The problem is that it is difficult to service parts at the right time for breakdown or replacement as parts are imported. Moreover, it is difficult to secure service parts when they are discontinued due to characteristics of imported parts, this leads to an increase in overall maintenance cost. As a result, the Korea Railroad Corporation has developed localization of the high speed train door system and currently progress the on-track test to verify reliability. In this paper, the design and production process of development product and result of performance test are summarized. In addition, the technical improvement of the developed product compared to the existing product was confirmed and the method for securing the reliability was considerate.
Abortion: a situational analysis / Abortamento: uma análise situacional / Aborto: un análisis situacional
Authors: Rodrigues de Carvalho Antônia Deiza , Cabral da Silva Polyana , Rodrigues da Silva Ana Carolina , Marques da Costa Ana Carla , Pereira Silva Joanne Thalita , Barbosa Saraiva José Eduardo
Published: April 2021

Objetivo: analisar a situação de abortamentos ocorridos em uma maternidade pública. Metodologia: estudo descritivo, documental, retrospectiva e transversal, com abordagem quantitativa, realizado em uma maternidade pública de referência no município de Caxias – Maranhão. A população foi composta por 147 mulheres admitidas na maternidade com diagnóstico de abortamento. As informações foram coletadas nos prontuários na referida maternidade, utilizando um formulário. Os dados foram analisados com base em frequências absolutas e percentuais. O estudo foi submetido e aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética e Pesquisa da Universidade Estadual do Maranhão sob número de parecer 3.446.360. Resultados: a maioria das mulheres estudadas tinham entre 20 e 34 anos; eram casadas; residiam na zona rural; não desenvolviam trabalho remunerado; tinham entre 1 e 9 anos de estudo; não haviam iniciado acompanhamento pré-natal; eram multíparas, sem histórico de abortamentos e estavam no primeiro trimestre de gestação. Os abortamentos foram classificados em sua maioria como incompletos e o procedimento mais realizado foi a curetagem. Conclusão: o abortamento constitui-se um importante problema de saúde pública, fazendo-se necessário, o desenvolvimento de políticas públicas com ênfase na prevenção de gravidez indesejada, adequado planejamento familiar e captação precoce da gestante para acompanhamento pré-natal. Descritores: Aborto. Saúde pública. Saúde sexual e reprodutiva. Cuidado pré-natal. Gravidez.
Characterization of people with intestinal stomas hospitalized in private hospital / Caracterização de pessoas com estomas intestinais internadas em hospital privado / Caracterización de personas con estomas intestinales internadas en hospital privado
Authors: Dos Santo Junias Cordeiro , Donoso Miguir Terezinha Vieccelli , Sete Alexandre Da Silveira , Lima Lilian Kelly Barbosa , De Matos Selme Silqueira , De Aguilar Iolanda Miranda
Published: April 2021

Objetivo: caracterizar a clientela com estomas intestinais de eliminação em hospital privado de capital brasileira. Metodologia: estudo descritivo, retrospectivo, transversal e analítico. Os dados foram coletados em prontuários eletrônicos. Trinta pessoas compuseram a amostra. As variáveis contínuas foram analisadas na forma descritiva. As variáveis categóricas foram apresentadas como frequências absolutas e relativas. Para as variáveis “idade” e “dias de internação” foi calculada a correlação de Pearson. Resultados: a maioria das pessoas com estomas intestinais internadas era do sexo masculino (53,0%), média de idade de 59 anos, casada (63,0%), ativa no mercado de trabalho (86,0%), procedente de cidades do interior do estado, tendo o câncer colorretal como doença de base (88,0%), metade portadora de ileostomia e a outra metade de colostomia. Conclusão: o estudo possibilitou caracterizar a clientela em questão. Contribuiu com dados que favoreçam a sistematização da assistência de enfermagem. Houve como limitante a falta de registro da escolaridade de vários pacientes.Descritores: Enfermagem. Colostomia. Ileostomia. Perfil de Saúde.
Family members' knowledge about home care for children with hunter syndrome / Conhecimento de familiares sobre cuidados domiciliares à criança com síndrome de Hunter / Conocimiento de los miembros de la familia sobre la atención domiciliaria de niños con síndrome de Hunter
Authors: Santos Lidyane Rodrigues Oliveira , Santos Adrícylla Gomes , Santos Kelson Antonio Oliveira , Barros Regilane , Silva Grazielle , Araujo Agostinho
Published: April 2021

Objetivo: avaliar o conhecimento dos familiares quanto aos cuidados em domicílio à criança com síndrome de Hunter. Metodologia: estudo descritivo exploratório qualitativo, realizado por meio de entrevistas com familiares de crianças com síndrome de Hunter, entre em março e abril de 2016 em hospital infantil público de ensino em Teresina-PI. Resultados: observou-se um déficit no conhecimento dos pais, ligado diretamente ao grau de instrução dos mesmos, e como consequência nos cuidados prestados as crianças. Notou-se também a dificuldade de definir o diagnóstico correto em consequência da raridade da doença, o desconhecimento dos profissionais sobre a síndrome, a falta de centros de saúde especializados e a dificuldade da família perante o diagnóstico. Conclusão: para que haja uma extensão do cuidado em todas as suas dimensões, em especial no domicilio, necessárias se fazem políticas efetivas que possam diminuir os mais diversos desconfortos ocasionados pela doença crônica, além de investimentos em capacitação profissional para rápido diagnóstico, tratamento e para que ocorra efetivo reconhecimento e cuidado por parte dos familiares em seu domicilio.Descritores: Mucopolissacaridose II. Cuidado da Criança. Enfermagem.
Expectations of PhDs Working in a Challenging School Environment: Results from a Qualitative Study
Authors: Waheed Syed Abdul , Gilani Nadia , Saqib Muhammad
Published: April 2021

Purpose: It is fortunate or unfortunate that PhDs are working as school teachers at different levels. It may be predicted that many PhD degree holders will be ready to join the School Education Department in near future while many candidates are completing their PhDs. The present study purports to explore expectations of PhDs working as school teachers and exploring the challenges they face while teaching in various schools of Sahiwal Division, Pakistan.

Design/Methodology/Approach: Participants’ lived experiences of working in schools were examined through the phenomenological approach of qualitative research. For this purpose, eleven PhDs were approached through a snowball sampling to gather data on the phenomenon employing the interviews.

Findings: The results emerged in the form of themes and sub-themes that include relationships with the school community, PhD teachers’ expectations (sub-themes: expectations from students and colleagues, expectations from education authorities, and expectations for professional development), and challenging school environment.

Implications/Originality/Value: The study implies the recognition of PhDs working as school teachers, their professional satisfaction, service structure and appropriate placement in the education system
The Attitudes of Montenegrin Billiard Players towards Health and Professionalism
Authors:   Independent Researcher, Podgorica, Montenegro, Radoicic Gordana , Milosevic Zoran ,   University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, Novi Sad, Serbia, Zarkovic Boris ,   University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, Novi Sad, Serbia, Masanovic Bojan ,   University of Montenegro, Faculty for Sport and Physical Education, Niksic, Montenegro,   Montenegrin Sports Academy, Podgorica, Montenegro
Published: April 2021

The aim of this research is to examine attitudes of billiard players from Montenegro towards health and professionalism. The sample includes 78 active billiard players from Montenegro, average age of 33.35±7.94 years, who expressed their attitudes by choosing one of offered answers to the asked question. The instrument of this research is a survey questionnaire. The first and third part of this questionnaire were created by these research authors, while second part of the questionnaire is taken over and modified from the research of Međimurec (2013). The results are analysed by the Google Forms platform. Based on the results of this research, it is concluded that Montenegrin billiard players have acceptable health habits and professional attitudes towards billiards.
CHINGHIZ AITMATOV’S “AND THE DAY LASTS LONGER THAN A CENTURY” IN MEMORY STUDIES
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities, Logunov Aleksandr P. , Dmitriev Vasilii L. ,   Russian State University for the Humanities
Published: April 2021

The article considers the war memorialization in the USSR of the post-war years in the context of Ch. Aitmatov’s novel “And The Day Lasts Longer Than A Century”. Authors’ attention is paid primarily to the symbolism of the novel. The symbolism is both in its text and in the novel’s title itself. It is the symbolism that allows the authors to consider the novel not only as fiction but also as a historiosophic text. The article describes the main quality of the war memorialization in 1945–1980. It is a competition of different generations’ historic memories – the memory of the generation that survived the war and the memory of the generation that was born much later. In that regard the authors define two value orientations outlining the framework for such a memorialization. The article analyzes reasons for the legitimation of the present through the past. It also raises the question of an “intermediate state”, of external and internal factors that determine it, and an issue of the memory’s existence in the transition from one state to another. Besides, the article analyzes the historic policy of the Soviet state and its influence on the memory of the Great Patriotic War. It includes the methods for creating images of the war and their translation to different generations.
PEMODELAN TEMPERATUR DARI PROSES PEMBAKARAN DI REFORMER FURNACE PADA INDUSTRI BAJA
Authors: Bagus Priambodo Trisaksono
Published: April 2021

Conversion processes that involve large amounts of energy include processes in furnace reformers inthe steel industry. The reformer unit used to convert the process gas, namely a mixture of gas andsteam into CO and H2 gas with the help of a nickel catalyst. The heat energy used in the process is theresult of combustion from natural gas using combustion located above the furnace. The most importantthing in the conversion process is the radiative heat transfer in the combustion chamber to the reactionpipe wall so that enough energy is obtained to carry out the conversion process. One way to determinethe heat distribution of the reformer combustion chamber is to know the temperature profile along thereaction pipe, including the pipe wall temperature, the process gas temperature, and the temperatureof the combustion gas used as energy for the process in the reformer furnace. The performanceevaluation of the reformer furnace uses a mathematical model for combustion in the furnace which canlater be developed by knowing the fitting composition of the conversion results. The type of reformerstudied is the top-fired reformer. The results of modeling using data from the steel industry obtained thehighest temperature from the combustion of gas from the burner which is in the reaction pipe at aposition 3-4 meters from the upper end of the reformer around 1300 oC and the temperature of naturalgas-steam in the pipe reaches 860 oC at the end of the pipe. reaction. The pipe wall heating with naturalo ogas fuels provides a maximum temperature ranging from 890 C - 895 C on the outer wall of thereaction pipe, and the pressure inside the reaction pipe ranges from 8.0-8.5 atm.
META NARASI NILAI-NILAI RESPONSIF GENDER DALAM MATA PELAJARAN FIQH DI MADRASAH IBTIDAIYAH
Authors: Kurdi Musyarrafah Sulaiman
Published: April 2021

Fiqh memiliki peran penting bagi kehidupan seorang muslim. Ia menjadi salah satu pondasi dalam amaliyah dengan mengafirmasi bagaimana seorang muslim bersikap dengan kategori halal, haram, mubah, makruh, dan lain sebagainya. Dalam diskursus untuk siswa Madrasah Ibtidaiyah, ilmu Fiqh merupakan ilmu yang harus dipelajari sejak dini karena  ia menjadi pondasi awal  pemahaman anak muslim dalam bersikap dengan memahami yang mana yang terpuji dan dicintai Allah, dan mana sikap atau langkah yang tidak sesuai dengan koridor ajaran Islam. Dalam barometer signifikansi, prinsip keilmuan Syar’iyyah merupakan materi doktriner  yang urgen untuk dihayati namun dilain pihak pilihan materi yang dijadikan pegangan dalam proses pembelajaran juga menjadi hal krusial untuk dikaji terlebih dalam fenomena stereotip seksisme yang dalam penyampaian agama cenderung berfaham male chauvinists. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis Kompetensi Inti dan Kompetensi Dasar mata pelajaran Fiqh Madrasah Ibtidaiyah dengan melihat (1) potensi konten yang seksisme dan bias gender, dan (2) nilai-nilai yang dioptimalkan/dikembangkan dalam rangka mengembangkan semangat responsif gender di dalam skop Fiqh Madrasah Ibtidaiyah. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kepustakaan (library reseach) Data yang diperoleh dianalisis berdasarkan tiga sudut model, yakni model kognisis sosial Teun A. Van Dijk untuk perspektif relasi gender, model feminis Sara Mills untuk perspektif posisi, dan model perubahan sosial Norman Fairlough untuk perspektif konten. Berdasarkan hasil analisis, kata kerja operasional ranah sikap dan pengetahuan memberi semangat responsif gender, sedangkan ranah psikomotorik (keterampilan) bisa lebih dioptimalisasikan ke arah segi posisi, konten, dan representasi feminis di dalam ilmu Syar’iyyah, yaitu nilai muqaranah dengan perspektif komparasi, nilai wasathiyyah dengan menekankan pada pendapat yang inklusif, nilai sensitive gender dengan  memunculkan potensi positif, nilai musawah (persamaan) dengan kesadaran karakteristik yang berbeda, dan nilai androgini tanpa mengaburkan identitas diri peserta didik.
College Students' Cognition of Internet Accidental Injury Insurance: A Case Study of Guangdong Province
Authors: Hou Yongmei , Yi Qian
Published: April 2021

Objective: to explore college students' understanding and satisfaction of internet accidental injury insurance, and to analyse the factors influencing college students' awareness and satisfaction of internet accidental injury insurance. Methods: 836 college students in Guangdong Province were  selected by stratified ramdon sampling. They were investigated with the self-designed questionnaire "College Students' Cognition of Internet Accidental Injury Insurance (CSCIAII)". Results: 29.67%, 52.18%, 10.13% and 8.02% of the college students didn't know, knew a little, knew relatively well and knew very well about internet accidental injury insurance, respectively. 55%, 16. 82%, 47. 73%, 11. 82% and 14. 09% of the college students satisfied with, , respectively. Conclusion: College Students' awareness of insurance is weak, and they do not pay enough attention to accidental injury insurance. The percentage of college students who are very satisfied with the internet accidental injury insurance, think the internet accidental injury insurance basically meets their own needs, think it is acceptable but needs to be improved, do not agree with and are not satisfied with it at all are 9.55%, 16.82%, 47.73%, 11.82% and 14.09%, respectively. The design, publicity and sale strategies of internet insurance products may be important factors affecting college students' understanding and satisfaction with internet accidental injury insurance.
Hydrocarbon detection based on Phase decomposition in Chaoshan Depression, northern South China Sea
Authors: Zhong Guangjian , Jiang Renqi , Yi Hai , Wu Jincai , Feng Changmao , Zhou Gang , Wang Kun , Liu Lina , Sun Ming
Published: April 2021

Located in northern South China Sea, Chaoshan Depression is mainly a residual Mesozoic depression, with a construction of Meso-Cenozoic strata over 7000m thick and good hydrocarbon accumulation conditions. Amplitude attribute of -90°phase component derived by phase decomposition is employed to detect Hydrocarbon in the zone of interest (ZOI) in Chaoshan Depression. And it is found that there are evident amplitude anomalies occurring around ZOI. Phase decomposition is applied to forward modeling results of the ZOI, and high amplitudes occur on the -90°phase component more or less when ZOI is charged with hydrocarbon, which shows that the amplitude abnormality in ZOI is probably caused by oil and gas accumulation.
Aplicação da espectroscopia Raman na identificação de olivinas em meteoritos
Authors: Nascimento-Dias Bruno
Published: April 2021

A técnica de espectroscopia Raman tem sido cada vez mais utilizada na caracterização de rochas terrestres e meteoritos em geral. No entanto, a literatura em língua portuguesa com informações sobre como se distinguir os minerais constituintes de rochas, sejam terrestres ou extraterrestres, são escassos e quase inexistentes. Dessa forma, o objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar como é possível determinar a presença de olivinas e identificar qual tipo de mineral do grupo especificamente se encontra na mostra de maneira rápida, sucinta e acessível. Vale salientar que o grupo das olivinas é caracterizado pelos seus membros finais,  a faialita (Fe2SiO4) e a forsterita (Mg2SiO4). A identificação dos espectros foi realizada a partir de espectros de minerais puros alocados no banco de dados RRUFF e comparados com espectros obtidos dos meteoritos carbonáceos (Allende e Murchison) e o meteorito marciano NWA 7397. Por fim, este trabalho não possui o propósito de ter um aprofundamento detalhado de análises e as especificidades maiores do Raman, o qual poderá ser adquirido pelos leitores através de materiais complementares e com assistências de técnicos mais especializados no equipamento e na técnica de Raman.
Application of drone brood in rational nutrition and apitherapy
Authors: Mitrofanov D. V. , Budnikova N. V. , Brandorf A. Z.
Published: April 2021

Drone brood is a collection of developing individuals (larvae, prepupae and pupae) of drones - males of a bee colony. Drone brood is used to produce a homogenate, which is stabilized in one way or another to achieve optimal preservation of biologically active substances. Interest in drone brood as a rich source of macro- and micronutrients is steadily increasing. The purpose of this review is to summarize the collected data on the use of drone brood in rational nutrition and apitherapy. The indicators of the quality and safety of drone brood are reviewed, the requirements of regulatory documents for products based on it are given. The necessity of strict adherence to the storage conditions of the drone brood homogenate is shown, in case of violation of which there is a rapid deterioration of the homogenate. This necessitates stabilization of the drone brood, which makes it possible to preserve its properties with lower requirements for storage conditions. The groups of nutrients that make up the drone brood and determine its biological activity and directions of application are given. Among them are lipids, including phospholipids and unique decenoic acids, proteins, peptides and amino acids, substances containing sulfhydryl groups, flavonoid and other phenolic compounds, carbohydrates, steroid substances, including hormones and hormone-like compounds, mineral elements. Products based on drone brood and biological effects of their use are described: actoprotective, anabolic, immunomodulatory, endocrinotropic, neurotropic, nutritional and cosmetic. The analyzed data indicate the high relevance of the further introduction of drone brood preparations into nutritional and apitherapeutic practice, which will serve as a tool for correcting the diet of a modern person suffering from a disease of civilization, largely associated with a violation of the ratio and amount of nutrients in the diet.
IMPLEMENTASI STRATEGI PENGUJIAN KENDARAAN BERMOTOR
Authors: Syafitri Refita , Rachmawati Ike , Meigawati Dine
Published: April 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui implementasi strategi pengujian kendaraan bermotor yang dilakukan oleh Unit Pelaksana Teknis Daerah Pengujian Kendaraan Bermotor Dinas Perhubungan Kota Sukabumi. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kualitatif dimana penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif untuk menggambarkan implementasi strategi pengujian kendaraan bermotor. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi terkait fokus penelitian. Data dalam penelitian ini dianalisis secara kualitatif. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan tiga hal terkait implementasi strategi pengujian kendaraan bermotor oleh Unit Pelaksana Teknis Daerah Pengujian Kendaraan Bermotor Dinas Perhubungan Kota Sukabumi. Pertama, sasaran dalam pengujian kendaraan bermotor secara umum sudah dikatakan cukup baik, namun masih terdapat hambatan, yaitu sebagian besar pemilik kendaraan tidak mengetahui manfaat dan tujuan dalam melaksanakan pengujian kendaraan bermotor. Kedua, kebijakan terkait pengujian kendaraan bermotor belum disosialisasikan secara massif dan masih lemahnya pengawasan kepada pemilik kendaraan yang menghilangkan buku uji. Ketiga, rencana yang sudah dibuat untuk meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat melalui pembayaran retribusi secara nontunai masih terhambat pada kurangnya kesadaran masyarakat, yaitu sebagian besar pemilik kendaraan belum memiliki kartu anjungan tunai mandiri bank untuk melakukan pembayaran pengujian kendaraan bermotor secara nontunai.
Happy Together? The Peer Effects of Dual Enrollment Students on Community College Student Outcomes
Authors: Liu Vivian , Xu Di
Published: April 2021

Nationally, 15% of first-time community college students were high school dual enrollment (DE) students, which raises concerns about how high school peers might influence college enrollees. Using administrative data from a large state community college system, we examine whether being exposed to a higher percentage of DE peers in entry-level (gateway) math and English courses influences non-DE enrollees’ performance. Using a two-way fixed effects model, our results indicate that college enrollees exposed to a higher proportion of DE peers had lower pass rates and grades in gateway courses, and higher course repetition rates. Supplemental student-level analysis suggests that greater exposure to DE peers during a student's initial semester in college reduces next-term college persistence.
Achievement Gaps in the Wake of COVID-19
Authors: Bailey Drew H. , Duncan Greg J. , Murnane Richard J. , Au Yeung Natalie
Published: April 2021

A survey targeting education researchers conducted in November 2020 provides forecasts of how much achievement gaps between low- and high-income students in U.S elementary schools will change as a result of COVID-related disruptions to in-class instruction and family life. Relative to a pre-COVID achievement gap of 1.00 SD, respondents’ median forecasts for the jump in the achievement gaps in elementary school by spring 2021 were large–a change from 1.00 to 1.30 and 1.25 SD for math and reading achievement. Forecasts were similar for 2022. Although forecasts were heterogeneous, respondents showed overwhelming consensus that gaps would grow. We discuss implications for strategies to reduce learning gaps exacerbated by the pandemic as well as the mental models researchers appear to employ in making their forecasts.
Differential expression of four and a half LIM domains 5 in cancers of the breast.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: April 2021

Breast cancer affects women at relatively high frequency (1). We mined published microarray datasets (2, 3) to determine in an unbiased fashion and at the systems level genes most differentially expressed in the primary tumors of patients with breast cancer. We report here significant differential expression of the gene encoding four and a half LIM domains 5, FHL5, when comparing primary tumors of the breast to the tissue of origin, the normal breast. FHL5 mRNA was present at significantly lower quantities in tumors of the breast as compared to normal breast tissue. Analysis of human survival data revealed that expression of FHL5 in primary tumors of the breast was correlated with overall survival in patients with basal and luminal A subtype cancers in a contrary manner, demonstrating a complex relationship between primary tumor expression of a differentially expressed gene and patient survival outcomes influenced by molecular subtype. FHL5 may be of relevance to initiation, maintenance or progression of cancers of the female breast.
The terms of a language with one constant, one binary function, and one 4-ary function have an odd number of symbols
Authors: Lobo Matheus Pereira
Published: April 2021

We show using induction on complexity that all terms of a language with one constant, one binary function, and one 4-ary function have an odd number of symbols.
Differential expression of pellino 2 in cancers of the breast.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: April 2021

Breast cancer affects women at relatively high frequency (1). We mined published microarray datasets (2, 3) to determine in an unbiased fashion and at the systems level genes most differentially expressed in the primary tumors of patients with breast cancer. We report here significant differential expression of the gene encoding pellino E3 ubiquitin protein ligase family member 2, PELI2, when comparing primary tumors of the breast to the tissue of origin, the normal breast. PELI2 was also differentially expressed in the tumor cells of patients with triple negative breast cancer. PELI2 mRNA was present at significantly lower quantities in tumors of the breast as compared to normal breast tissue. Analysis of human survival data revealed that expression of PELI2 in primary tumors of the breast was correlated with overall survival in patients with luminal A subtype cancer, demonstrating a relationship between primary tumor expression of a differentially expressed gene and patient survival outcomes influenced by molecular subtype. PELI2 may be of relevance to initiation, maintenance or progression of cancers of the female breast.
Predictors of Coping with Expectation Violation: An Integrative Review
Authors: Pinquart Martin , Rothers Adrian , Gollwitzer Mario , Khosrowtaj Zahra , Pietzsch Martin Christian , Panitz Christian
Published: April 2021

The present review investigates factors that predict three processes that lead to persistence versus change of expectations after confrontation with expectation violations, based on the ViolEx (Violated Expectation) Model (Gollwitzer, Thorwart, & Meissner, 2018) and related models. We address four groups of predictors: a) characteristics of the expectation, b) characteristics of the expectation-violating event(s), c) broader situational characteristics, and d) personality characteristics. The bulk of studies conducted in this area looked at expectation change in the direction of the experienced violation (accommodation) as their central dependent variable. The strongest empirical support was found for accommodation being less likely and minimizing of the potential impact of the discrepant information (immunization) being more likely to occur a) after the reality turns out to be worse rather than better than expected, b) if disconfirming events are more ambiguous, and c) if depressed rather than healthy people are confronted with better-than-expected events. Given the high heterogeneity between studies on assessed predictors, we recommend a more comprehensive and unifying approach that tests the relative impact and the interplay of the whole range of predictors across paradigms.
Lying is sometimes ethical, but honesty is the best policy: The desire to avoid harmful lies leads to moral preferences for unconditional honesty
Authors: Levine Emma , Jensen Sarah Lian , White Michael , Huppert Elizabeth
Published: April 2021

People believe that some lies are ethical, while also claiming that “honesty is the best policy.” In this article, we introduce a theory to explain this apparent inconsistency. Even though people view prosocial lies as ethical, they believe it is more important – and more moral – to avoid harmful lies than to allow prosocial lies. Unconditional honesty (simply telling the truth, without finding out how honesty will affect others) is therefore seen as ethical because it prevents the most unethical actions (i.e., harmful lies) from occurring, even though it does not optimize every moral decision. We test this theory across five focal experiments and ten supplemental studies. Consistent with our account, we find that communicators who tell the truth without finding out how honesty will affect others are viewed as more ethical, and are trusted more, than communicators who look for information about the social consequences of honesty before communicating. However, the moral preference for unconditional honesty attenuates when it is certain that looking for more information will not lead to harmful lies. Overall, this research provides a holistic understanding of how people think about honesty and suggests that moral rules are not valued because people believe all rule-violations are wrong, but rather, because they believe some violations must be avoided entirely.
Post-print manuscript: College Students in the Western World are Becoming Less Emotionally Intelligent: A Cross-Temporal Meta-Analysis of Trait Emotional Intelligence
Authors: Khan Mahreen , Minbashian Amirali , MacCann Carolyn
Published: April 2021

Objective: Over the last two decades, Western society has undergone a marked cultural transformation characterised by rising individualism. Concurrently, the digital landscape has transformed through the rise of social media and smartphones. These factors have previously been implicated in changing individuals’ attitudes, behaviour and interpersonal interactions. We investigated whether these societal changes have coincided with changes in trait emotional intelligence (EI) over the last 17 years in Western university students. Method: We examined this question using a cross-temporal meta-analysis (k = 70; N = 16,917). Results: There was no change in overall trait EI; however, the trait EI domains “wellbeing,” “self-control” and “emotionality” demonstrated significant decreases with time, after controlling for gender composition and between-country differences. Conclusion: We discuss these findings in relation to how they contribute to our understanding of trait EI, and how they add to the literature on how Western society is changing with time.
The Effects of Music & Auditory Beat Stimulation on Anxiety: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Mallik Adiel , Russo Frank
Published: April 2021

Background and objectivesMusic and auditory beat stimulation (ABS) in the theta frequency range (4-7 Hz) are sound-based anxiety treatments that have been independently investigated in prior studies. Here, the anxiety-reducing potential of calm music combined with theta ABS was examined in a large sample of participants. MethodsAn open-label randomized controlled trial was conducted with participants taking anxiolytics (n = 163). Participants were randomly assigned using the Qualtrics randomizer algorithm, to a single session of sound-based treatment in one of four parallel arms: combined (music & ABS; n = 39), music-alone (n = 36), ABS-alone (n = 41), or pink noise (control; n = 47). Pre- and post-intervention somatic and cognitive state anxiety measures were collected along with trait anxiety, personality measures and musical preferences. The study was completed online using a custom application.Results Based on trait anxiety scores participants were separated into moderate and high trait anxiety sub-groups. Among participants with moderate trait anxiety, we observed reductions in somatic anxiety that were greater in combined and music-alone conditions than in the pink noise condition; and reductions in cognitive state anxiety that were greater in the combined condition than in the music-alone, ABS-alone, and pink noise conditions. While we also observed reductions in somatic and cognitive state anxiety in participants with high trait anxiety, the conditions were not well differentiated. ConclusionsSound-based treatments are effective in reducing somatic and cognitive state anxiety. For participants with moderate trait anxiety, combined conditions were most efficacious.
Why Corporate Political Connections Can Impede Investment
Authors: Kubinec Robert , Lee Haillie Na-Kyung , Tomashevskiy Andrey
Published: April 2021

We present an experiment that manipulates corporate political connections to understand whether a company's political influence is a barrier or an inducement to intercorporate investment. Our data come from a survey of 3,329 firm employees and managers located in Venezuela, Ukraine and Egypt. On the whole we find that our respondents do not prefer to invest in companies with political connections. These results are highly conditional on the respondent's company: respondents from highly connected companies prefer to invest in companies with political connections, while respondents at less-connected companies prefer to invest in companies without political connections. We believe that what explains this finding are differences in how companies with and without connections manage liability as our survey data shows connected companies are much more likely to employ informal rather than formal mechanisms to resolve disputes. As a result, we believe that unconnected companies are more likely to invest in other unconnected companies to ensure that their property rights are protected.
Preferences for Paid Paternity Leave Availability, Lengths of Leave Offerings, and Government Funding of Paternity Leaves in the U.S.
Authors: Knoester Chris , Li Qi
Published: April 2021

This study analyzes 2012 General Social Survey data (N = 1,089) about preferences for paid paternity leave availability, lengths of leave offerings, and government funding of leaves. It highlights gender and gendered parenting role attitudes as predictors of leave preferences. Descriptive results revealed sizable (i.e., 53%) support for leave availability and moderate (i.e., 33%) support for some government funding; still, only modest (i.e., 5 weeks) lengths of leave offerings were desired. Regression results indicated that women were typically more likely than men to support more generous leave offerings. Consistently, dual-earner expectations were positively associated with preferences for more generous leave offerings. Separate spheres attitudes appeared to be meaningful for women’s preferences, but not for men’s preferences. Importantly, the findings from this study suggest that there have been longstanding preferences for more generous and widespread paid paternity leave offerings in the U.S.—and more public policy action is long overdue.
Hajj Transportation of Netherlands East Indies, 1910-1940
Authors: Tantri Erlita
Published: April 2021

This article is about Hajj transportation of Netherland Indies in during the years of 1910-1940. The focus of this article is the mechanism of the Hajj transportation and its significance since eighteenth century. It is based on that historical phmomenon, that this paper will examine the hajj transportation in the past related to regulation and problem and why it was important to control hajj ship transportation by using archives and authorities' report as main sources and other secondary sources. Historically, since eighteenth century, even until today, going to hajj or pilgrimage was very interesting and attractive for native Muslim in Netherlands East Indies (Indonesia), especially for gaining religious requirement, social pride and Islamic ideas. The phenomenon can be seen from the increase and the stable number of the pilgrims from Indonesia which had attracted much interest from many parts of stake holders such as from Hijaz (Arabian government). In relation to that, it is worth noting that ship was an important transport to convey pilgrim from and to Indonesia and thus, business of hajj transportation become a field of contention between state authority and private ship businesses. It is based on that historical phenomenon, that this paper will examine the hajj transportation in the past related to regulation and problems and why it was important to control hajj ship transportation by using archives and authorities report as main sources and other secondary sources. Hajj transportation was a profitable business (even until today) that increased competition among British, Malay, Arabic, and Dutch shipping companies. Completion and regulation from ships and authority did not give better services for native pilgrims besides poor condition, discomfort and suffering of pilgrimage. However, hajj transportation had to be controlled, especially to restrain problems of moekimans and movement ideas from Hijaz.
‘Ilm al Miqat fi al Hadaratil al 'Arabiyyah wa al Islamiyyah wa Dauruhu fi al Mujtama' al Islami
Authors: Butar-Butar Arwin Juli Rakhmadi
Published: April 2021

تعتبر الحضارة الإسلامية العديد من العلوم الطبيعة منها العلوم الفلكية التي تدرس الأجرام السماوية.¬ إن مكانة علم¬ الفلك في العصور¬ الوسطى تتجه في الأساس إلى خدمة العبادة في الإسلام، لاسيما الصلاة والصوم. فمن أجل ذلك نشأ العديد من الفلكيين المسلمين بحثوا في هذا المجال واعترفوا بالموقت. شغل معظم الفلكيّين في هذا العصر، خاصة العصر المملوكي، وظيفة موقّت وهو فلكي محترف ملحق بأحد المساجد بالأجرة من السلطان، وكان مهمته تحديد أوقات الصلاة والصوم. ففي العصور الوسطى يعترف هذا الشغل بمؤسسة الموقت، وهي المجتمع تدرس الأجرام السماوية لخدمة العبادة.
The Geger Banten of 1888: An Anthropological Perspective of 19th Century Millenarianism in Indonesia
Authors: Darmadi Dadi
Published: April 2021

This paper tries to analyse the millenarian response of the Bantenese to the Western colonization from an anthropological perspective. The his­tory of Banten at the end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th century was marked by various indigenous unrest, rebellion, and resistance against the colonial power. In 1888, several religious leaders of Sufi brotherhoods and community leaders in Cilegon, Banten led a revolt against the Dutch colonial government. This uprising was provoked by the Dutch’s trade regulation, a new economic system, and was fuelled by enduring religious sentiments against the Dutch. While most schol­ars frame the event as a religious or social political movement, this study focuses on to what some of the Bantenese Muslims perceived as “unjust” social situations of the colonized world: poverty, inequality, religious restriction, social and political marginalization.