bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Examining the Impact of Permitless Firearm Legislation and COVID-19 on Crime and Arrests in Urban Areas
Authors: Corsaro Nicholas , Engel Robin S , Cherkauskas Jennifer M. , Motz Ryan T
Published: November 2024

While the number of state legislative changes to relaxed concealed firearm carrying laws continues to increase, research examining the impact of these laws on changes in criminal behavior, particularly in urban contexts, has not kept pace. To enhance our understanding of the potential impact of permitless carry legislative changes, we examined the temporal association between legislative changes and changes in illegal and dangerous behavior most likely to be associated with firearms violence and arrests in Lexington (KY), Oklahoma City (OK), and Tulsa (OK). We use statistical controls to account for a major temporal confounder: the disruption of social order that occurred during and after the global COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. Our findings show violent criminal offenses did not shift in the post-permitless carry period. However, there were consistent and robust statistically significant increases in arrests of felons in possession of a firearm, as well as an upward shift in threatening firearm behavior (i.e., brandishing a gun/pointing a firearm), net of controls and confounders. We also find significant and sizeable increases in stolen and recovered firearms in Lexington (KY), the lone setting that collected this outcome measure during our study period. We conclude by discussing how the findings can inform policy, forthcoming legislative initiatives, and future research.
The effects of single and combined pollution of PE microplastics and antibiotics in soil on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) seedlings
Authors: Li Linjing , Chen Su , Song Yuting , Xie Anqi , Liang Xiao , Lv Meng , Liang Fangfang , Chao Lei
Published: November 2024

Both PE and antibiotics accumulate in agricultural soil systems over time and can affect plant growth and development. However, the single and combined contamination of PE with antibiotics (OTC, SM2) on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) seedlings growth is not well studied. In this study, we evaluated the phytotoxic effects of PE (0.2%, 1%, 2%, 5% w/w) alone and in combination with OTC and SM2 (1 mg·kg− 1、10mg·kg− 1) for 28d on the growth of wheat seedlings, chlorophyll, N and C contents, and antioxidant status through a pot experiment. toxicity effects. The results showed that biomass, plant height and root length exhibited dose-dependent toxicity under PE exposure alone and in combination with antibiotics (OTC or SM2). Malondialdehyde (MDA) content as well as superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT) activities in the aboveground increased with increasing concentrations of PE, OTC and SM2, with SOD activity decreasing at 5% PE and PE + OTC compliance treatments. These results suggest that single and combined contamination pairs of PE and antibiotics (OTC, SM2) inhibit wheat growth, reduce chlorophyll production, exacerbate lipid peroxidation, and affect or even destroy the antioxidant system. Moreover, wheat seedlings were generally more sensitive to SM2 than OTC.
Machine learning corrects climate model biases in global flood projections
Authors: Zhang Boen , Slater Louise , Moulds Simon , Wortmann Michel , Hart Neil , Liu Yinxue , Yin Jiabo , Gu Xihui , Nearing Grey , Brunner Manuela , Roberts Stephen
Published: November 2024

Reliable river flood projections are crucial for the development of effective adaptation and mitigation strategies, but the conventional hydroclimatic modelling chain introduces a ‘cascade of uncertainty’ arising from climate model outputs and hydrologic model structures. Here, we assess the potential for machine learning (ML) models to overcome this cascade of uncertainty. We develop data-driven projections of 10-year flood magnitudes by training global ML models directly on the uncorrected historical simulation statistics of 19 CMIP6 global climate models alongside geophysical river basin attributes. We find that ML models driven with uncorrected climate model outputs outperform physics-based hydrologic models driven with bias-corrected climate model outputs, with average error rates reduced by 40%. The ML models learn to correct spatially variable biases in the climate model outputs by adjusting the contribution of basin attributes based on the magnitude of each attribute. For example, they compensate for the underestimation of extreme precipitation intensity in the wettest river basins by increasing the contribution of the aridity predictor to flood magnitude. Our global ML projections in 1.66 million river segments (4,697,400 km) suggest that by 2100, over 34% of rivers may experience larger floods, with comparatively little change in the largest rivers in tropical and dry regions.
Geothermal heating affecting ocean stratification and circulation after the Last Glacial Maximum
Authors: LIU Yonggang , Zhang Ming , Cui Qi , Zhu Jiang , Wang Zhuoqun , Lohmann Gerrit
Published: November 2024

Geothermal heat flux through the seafloor is shown to influence the deep ocean's stratification during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM, approximately 21,000 years ago). A fully coupled climate model indicates that geothermal heating leads to weaker density stratification, resulting in warmer, fresher deep waters, enhanced formation of Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW), and a deeper Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC). These effects are linked to increased abyssal vertical mixing and altered sea-ice dynamics. In contrast, modern-day geothermal heating produces saltier AABW, driven by a different response of sea ice. By altering vertical mixing and sea-ice behavior, geothermal heating can have triggered the atmospheric CO2 release during the termination.
Cyber-Physical Systems and Networking Technologies: The Impact of Data Integration on Economic Security
Authors: Yunusova Rimma , Pantin Roman
Published: November 2024

This research explores the intersection of cyber-physical systems (CPS) and economic security, focusing on the role of networking technologies in enhancing data integration capabilities. The study examines the transformative impact of CPS on national economies, emphasizing productivity, labor market shifts, and cybersecurity implications. Using a mixed-method approach that includes cross-sectional data analysis and expert interviews, the study presents insights into how CPS adoption affects sectoral efficiency, labor market dynamics, and economic stability. By framing CPS as a strategic, data-driven innovation, the research highlights both the potential benefits and risks associated with its integration, suggesting policy strategies to maximize advantages while mitigating risks. This study aims to contribute to the broader discussion on CPS by providing a nuanced analysis of their socio-economic implications and recommending practical approaches for policymakers and industry leaders to leverage CPS advancements effectively.
"Clues of Life" through Mineral Lattice Investigation in the Extreme Cold Conditions of Ladakh, India: An Astrobiological Perspective Using the Geyser Travertine Deposit of Puga Hot Spring
Authors: Chaddha Amritpal Singh , Shukla Sunil Kumar , Kumar Kamlesh , Sharma Anupam , Kapur Vivesh vir , Phartiyal Binita , Thakkar M. G.
Published: November 2024

The concept of habitability has evolved significantly over the past few decades, driven by increased knowledge of microbial life in extreme environments on Earth. When assessing a planet's potential to support life, researchers urgently need to develop techniques capable of identifying and differentiating false biosignatures within geological matrices. It is essential to recognize the synergistic effects of biotic and abiotic factors, as habitats and organisms co-evolve over time. Hot springs, which host organisms such as Cyanobacteria, Archaea, and Eukaryotes, provide environments where temperature and minerals play critical roles in supporting life. These conditions offer analogues for Mars, thus attracting astrobiological research. A recent study of the travertine deposit from Puga hot spring in Ladakh suggests that diatoms found in calcic-rich sinter (travertine) samples were primarily deposited in cold water rather than surviving in the “hot” conditions of the hot spring environment. However, this finding requires further confirmation through geochemical analysis. For the first time, our study applies X-ray powder diffraction analysis and lattice parameter calculations to the travertine deposit of Puga hot spring, demonstrating that calcite crystal formation results from biologically controlled biomineralization. Our X-ray diffraction analysis of the same travertine sample reveals that calcite crystals predominantly form through biogenic mediation, showing anisotropic lattice distortions with elongation of C-O bonds of carbonate groups in calcite crystal lattice, typical of biogenic origins, unlike geological or synthetic counterparts. The presence of biogenic calcite suggests that the microspecies likely thrived in colder waters, complementing previous biotic studies rather than in hot water. We propose that the biogenic calcite phase found in the travertine sample, along with the absence of aragonite phase, represents secondary deposition driven and supported by cold environments. Therefore, it should be considered a "false biosignature" of life in extreme “hot” hot-spring conditions and may be linked with colder conditions rather than hot. The term “hot” should be cautiously used when correlating with evidence of life forms thriving in extreme “hot” environments, particularly in extreme cold regions like Ladakh, India.
ЛАТЕНТНОЕ ВАРВАРСТВОФАНТОМ ИЛИ РЕАЛЬНОСТЬ?
Authors: В.П. БУДАНОВА
Published: November 2024

В статье проанализированы основные тенденции перспектив изучения латентного варварства как скрытого (или скрываемого) вызова современному цивилизованному миру. Междисциплинарное изучение латентности вызвано необходимостью привлечения новых подходов к разработке более глобальной проблемы взаимосвязи цивилизации и варварства в условиях современного цивилизационного кризиса. Предложены изменения в понятийнокатегориальной системе исторического знания о варварстве. Латентность варварства рассматривается как исторический транзитивный тип действия, как модель злонамеренного поведения, которое или не осознается (скрытое варварство), или сознательно скрывается (скрываемое варварство). Обозначено проблемное поле исследования: природа латентности варвара инструментарий варварства (дезинформация, слухи, провокации, умолчание и др.) типы латентных варваров мишени латентного варварства диагностика скрытого и скрываемого злонамеренного действия, профилактика его появления и реперные точки преодоления. В настоящее время проблема латентного варварства представлена в проектном кейсе Лаборатории по исследованию цивилизации и варварства Института всеобщей истории РАН, стартовый этап которого отражен в настоящем издании.

The article analyzes the main trends in the perspectives of studying latent barbarity as a hidden (or hides) challenge to the modern civilized world. Interdisciplinary study of latency is caused by the need to attract new approaches to the development of a more global problem the relationship of civilization and barbarity in the modern civilizational crisis. Changes in the conceptual and categorical system of historical knowledge about barbarity are proposed. The latency of barbarity is seen as a historical transitive type of action, a model of malicious behavior that is either not realized (hidden barbarity) or consciously concealed (hides barbarity). Marked the problematic field of study: the nature of the latency of a barbarian the toolkit of barbarity (misinformation, rumors, provocations, default etc..) types of latent barbarians targets of latent barbarity diagnostics of hidden and hides malicious action, prevention of its appearance and reference points of overcoming. Currently, the problem of latent barbarity is presented in the project case of the Laboratory for the study of civilization and barbarity of the Institute of World History of the RAS, the starting stage of which is reflected in the Yearbook.
ГАНДИ: «САТАНИНСКАЯ» И «ИСТИННАЯ»ЦИВИЛИЗАЦИЯ
Authors: Н.С. ИВАНОВ
Published: November 2024

В статье рассматриваются взгляды Мохандаса Карамчанда Ганди (18691948) на западную и истинную цивилизацию. Анализируются причины резкой критики индийским мыслителем пороков, содержащихся в западной модели антигуманного характера производства и экономических отношений, технического прогресса аморализма, пронизывающего все сферы жизни общества колониализма, бедности и нищеты. Раскрываются черты истинной цивилизации, к строительству которой призывал Ганди: самоуправление (сварадж), включающее политическую структуру, организованную по принципу низовой демократии и управление на индивидуальном уровне своими потребностями упор на обязательства и чувство долга ненасилие, искоренение бедности, забота о природе. Даются причины резкой критики мыслителя в современном историческом мейнстриме и популярности его взглядов среди интеллигенции и молодежи.

The article analyzes the views of Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi (18691948) on Western and true civilization. The author examines the reasons for the sharp criticism by the Indian thinker of the vices contained in the Western model the inhumane nature of production and economic relations, technological progress immorality that permeates all spheres of society colonialism and poverty. The article reveals the features of the true civilization, which Gandhi called for: selfgovernment (Swaraj), including a political structure organized on the principle of grassroots democracy and the individual control of needs emphasis on the obligations and duties nonviolence, poverty eradication, concern for nature. The author also concentrated on the reasons of sharp criticism of the thinker in modern historical mainstream and his popularity among intellectuals and youth.
ПОНЯТИЕ «ВНУТРЕННЕЕВАРВАРСТВО» СОВРЕМЕННОЙЦИВИЛИЗАЦИИ В НАУЧНОЙ ИПУБЛИЦИСТИЧЕСКОЙ МЫСЛИ ФРАНЦИИ
Authors: М.К. ЛЮБАРТ
Published: November 2024

Понятие варварство все чаще встречается в современном французском научном и публицистическом дискурсе для определения тревожащих, кризисных общественных процессов. Под это определение подпадают разные явления от технологического порабощения человека и трансгуманизма до утраты культурных, христианских основ европейской цивилизации. В размышлениях о сути нового, внутреннего варварства принимают участие, как представители правых, так и левых убеждений, предлагающие свои подходы к осмыслению животрепещущих для общества проблем.

The concept of barbarism is increasingly found in contemporary French scientific and journalistic discourse to define disturbing, crisis social processes. This definition covers various phenomena from the technological enslavement of man and transhumanism to the loss of the cultural, Christian foundations of European civilization. Both representatives of rightwing and leftwing beliefs take part in thinking about the essence of the new, internal barbarism, offering their approaches to understanding the problems that are burning for society.
XVII Международная конференция по исторической географии (Варшава, 15–20 июля 2018 года)
Authors: А.А. Фролов
Published: November 2024

Обзор XVII Международной конференции по исторической географии, прошедшей в Варшаве с 15 по 20 июля 2018 года.

Review of the 17th International conference of historical geographers held in Warsaw, July 15 to 20, 2018.
$\mathbb{Z}_4$ transitions in quantum loop models on a zig-zag ladder
Authors: La Riviere Bowy , Chepiga Natalia
Published: November 2024

We study the nature of quantum phase transitions out of \mathbb{Z}_4ℤ4 ordered phases in quantum loop models on a zig-zag ladder. We report very rich critical behavior that includes a pair of Ising transitions, a multi-critical Ashkin-Teller point and a remarkably extended interval of a chiral transition. Although plaquette states turn out to be essential to realize chiral transitions, we demonstrate that critical regimes can be manipulated by deforming the model as to increase the presence of leg-dimerized states. This can be done to the point where the chiral transition turns into first order, we argue that this is associated with the emergence of a critical end point.
Kernel polynomial method for linear spin wave theory
Authors: Lane Harry , Zhang Hao , Dahlbom David , Quinn Sam , Somma Rolando , Mourigal Martin , Batista Christian D. , Barros Kipton
Published: November 2024

Calculating dynamical spin correlations is essential for matching model magnetic exchange Hamiltonians to momentum-resolved spectroscopic measurements. A major numerical bottleneck is the diagonalization of the dynamical matrix, especially in systems with large magnetic unit cells, such as those with incommensurate magnetic structures or quenched disorder. In this paper, we demonstrate an efficient scheme based on the kernel polynomial method for calculating dynamical correlations of relevance to inelastic neutron scattering experiments. This method reduces the scaling of numerical cost from cubic to linear in the magnetic unit cell size.
Tensor network Python (TeNPy) version 1
Authors: Hauschild Johannes , Unfried Jakob , Anand Sajant , Andrews Bartholomew , Bintz Marcus , Borla Umberto , Divic Stefan , Drescher Markus , Geiger Jan , Hefel Martin , Hémery Kévin , Kadow Wilhelm , Kemp Jack , Kirchner Nico , Liu Vincent S. , Moller Gunnar , Parker Daniel , Rader Michael , Romen Anton , Scalet Samuel , Schoonderwoerd Leon , Schulz Maximilian , Soejima Tomohiro , Thoma Philipp , Wu Yantao , Zechmann Philip , Zweng Ludwig , Mong Roger , Zaletel Mike , Pollmann Frank
Published: November 2024

TeNPy (short for ‘Tensor Network Python’) is a python library for the simulation of strongly correlated quantum systems with tensor networks. The philosophy of this library is to achieve a balance of readability and usability for new-comers, while at the same time providing powerful algorithms for experts. The focus is on MPS algorithms for 1D and 2D lattices, such as DMRG ground state search, as well as dynamics using TEBD, TDVP, or MPO evolution. This article is a companion to the recent version 1.0 release of TeNPy and gives a brief overview of the package.
Codebase release 1.0 for TeNPy
Authors: Hauschild Johannes , Unfried Jakob , Anand Sajant , Andrews Bartholomew , Bintz Marcus , Borla Umberto , Divic Stefan , Drescher Markus , Geiger Jan , Hefel Martin , Hémery Kévin , Kadow Wilhelm , Kemp Jack , Kirchner Nico , Liu Vincent S. , Moller Gunnar , Parker Daniel , Rader Michael , Romen Anton , Scalet Samuel , Schoonderwoerd Leon , Schulz Maximilian , Soejima Tomohiro , Thoma Philipp , Wu Yantao , Zechmann Philip , Zweng Ludwig , Mong Roger , Zaletel Mike , Pollmann Frank
Published: November 2024

TeNPy (short for ‘Tensor Network Python’) is a python library for the simulation of strongly correlated quantum systems with tensor networks. The philosophy of this library is to achieve a balance of readability and usability for new-comers, while at the same time providing powerful algorithms for experts. The focus is on MPS algorithms for 1D and 2D lattices, such as DMRG ground state search, as well as dynamics using TEBD, TDVP, or MPO evolution. This article is a companion to the recent version 1.0 release of TeNPy and gives a brief overview of the package.
Does governance affect non-performing loans? Empirical evidence of Indonesian banks
Authors: Nurkhin Ahmad , Fachrurrozie  , Kania Widiatami Anna , Yoga Baswara Satsya , Wiradendi Wolor Christian
Published: November 2024

This paper examines how good corporate governance (GCG) affects Indonesian banks’ non-performing loans (NPLs) and its relevance to the current banking sector situation in Indonesia. The research findings provide a comprehensive understanding of the effect of bank-specific factors on NPLs, offering timely and important insights for the banking industry. This quantitative study focuses on commercial banks listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange in 2021. The observation period spans four years (2018–2021), utilizing 216-unit panel data from 54 banks for analysis. Documentation was used for data collection, and panel data multiple regression analysis was employed as the data analysis technique. The findings indicate that increased board of directors’ meetings are associated with higher NPLs, while having independent board commissioners correlates with lower NPLs. The p-value of the board of director meetings is 0.027, and the coefficient is 0.005037. The p-value of the board of independent board commissioners is 0.017, and the coefficient is –0.00109. Effective GCG implementation is crucial in maintaining credit quality and reducing NPL levels. The p-value of the GCG score is 0.043, and the coefficient is –0.42985. However, the frequency of Board of Commissioners’ meetings does not significantly affect NPLs. The study also shows that the Loan Deposit Ratio (LDR) and bank size negatively and significantly impact NPLs. In contrast, Return on Equity (ROE) and leverage do not significantly affect NPL levels in Indonesian banks. This study provides empirical evidence that underscores the importance of robust GCG, especially during the challenging business conditions triggered by the pandemic.
AcknowledgmentsThis study received funding from LPPM UNNES, contract number 12.12.4/UN37/PPK.10/2023.
Analyzing the Turkish insurance companies’ financial performance traded on BIST implementing the critic-based PIV method
Authors: Mete Karadağ Mehmet
Published: November 2024

The insurance industry, which is an important component of the financial channel, is an essential part of the Turkish economy, and assessing the financial performance is critical for insurance companies to improve efficiency and productivity, increase competitiveness, and enhance fiscal health. The study presented a technique for assessing the financial performance of all insurance companies registered in Borsa Istanbul by implementing an integrated method that combines the Criteria Importance Through Intercriteria Correlation (CRITIC) and Proximity Indexed Value (PIV) methods. The rationale for implementing the PIV method is the lack of adequate financial studies available on the insurance companies that employed this specific model. Initially, 18 evaluation criteria were defined. The CRITIC method was applied for the criteria weights, and insurance companies were ranked using PIV. Subsequently, the COPRAS, VIKOR, ARAS, and SAW Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) methodologies were applied. Performance rankings derived from PIV were compared with those obtained from other MCDM models employed. Finally, Spearman’s Rank Correlation and Kendall’s Rank Correlation Coefficient methods were applied to analyze the extent of correlations and interactions between ranking outcomes. The PIV assessment results pointed out that AGESA received the highest rank for financial performance, and AKGRT had the lowest rank. AGESA consistently received high rankings compared to all other methods examined. Nevertheless, RAYSG and AKGRT constantly ranked poorly. All deployed methods ranked AKGRT and RAYSG in the final two positions. The study’s findings underscore that ranking outcomes of PIV largely align with alternate MCDM methodologies utilized.
Integrating circular economy, digital economy, and social protection policies to drive green business innovation: Insights from Indonesia’s culinary SMEs
Authors: Megawati Suci , Herdiansyah Herdis , Machmud Amir , Antriyandarti Ernoiz , Sudirman Sud
Published: November 2024

Global concern over environmental pollution has sparked the adoption of green business practices, which are essential for the sustainability of SMEs through green economy initiatives and renewable resources. This study aims to analyze the integration of circular and digital economy policies along with social protection policies in supporting green business innovation among culinary SMEs. By emphasizing the significance of government roles and innovation capabilities, the paper proposes that policies promoting environmentally friendly practices and social security can enhance sustainable performance in alignment with SDG principles. The study employs a quantitative approach, surveying 200 culinary SMEs in Surabaya City in Indonesia, a city known for its vibrant SME sector and commitment to sustainable practices. The data analysis, conducted using PLS-SEM through SmartPLS 4, reveals that circular economy policies (t-test = 6.503; p-value = 0.000) and social security (t-test = 3.848; p-value = 0.000) significantly enhance green business innovation, while digital economy policies are not significant (t-test = 0.725; p-value = 0.468). Furthermore, green business innovation positively impacts sustainable performance (t-test = 24.418; p-value = 0.000). However, internal innovation capabilities do not moderate the relationship between integrative policies and green business innovation. The findings indicate that government policies significantly influence green business innovation in MSMEs, particularly through circular economy regulations. Regulatory support and incentives are crucial for driving environmental sustainability and enhancing competitiveness. Strengthening digital economy policies through improved technology access and digital literacy will further support green innovation, while investments in internal innovation and human resources are vital for sustainable growth.
AcknowledgmentThis study is funded by the Riset Kolaborasi Indonesia (Grant No. B/43869/UN38.III.1/LK.04.00/2024) by LPPM Universitas Negeri Surabaya.
Are CO2 emissions a reason for drought in the United States?
Authors: Aydin Mahsum
Published: November 2024

In this study, the relationship between carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and drought (Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index) is investigated using data from 51 states in the US for the period 1997–2020. For this purpose, firstly, information about previous studies and the results of these studies are given in the study. Later, as empirical analysis, cross-section dependency tests, slope homogeneity tests, unit root analyses, cointegration tests, and causality analyses were performed. Then, short- and long-term parameter estimates are made for the entire panel and for each case. Lastly, impulse-response analyses are made. When the results are evaluated in general, it is found that CO2 emissions and drought in the US affect each other in the short and long term. CO2 emissions have been shown to have an increasing effect on drought, especially in most of the states located in the southeastern region of the US. On the other hand, CO2 emissions have been found to cause an increase in the incidence of wet periods in a significant part of the states located in the northeastern region of the US.
Numerical analysis and experimental study for removal of copper and zinc from groundwater by dielectric barrier discharge
Authors: Liu Aonan , Li Xuezhi , Zuo Hang , Ma Lida , Tian Wenjie , Zhang Linlin
Published: November 2024

Conventional methods of treating zinc and copper have the disadvantages of secondary contamination and complex control processes. This paper investigates the removal characteristics of gas–liquid mixed dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) in high-concentration copper–zinc groundwater. The study combines numerical simulation and experimentation to analyze the effects of discharge power, initial pH, gas flow rate, and liquid flow rate on copper and zinc removal rates. The results show that a better gas–liquid mixing distribution can be achieved when the inlet flow rate is 40 L/min and the inlet flow rate is below 200 mL/min. The removal of Cu can be up to 98.68% and Zn up to 96.28% when the discharge power is 56 W and the initial pH is 11. The optimum treatment time for Cu2+ is 3–6 min, while the best copper removal occurs at a gas flow rate of 20–30 L/min and a liquid flow rate of 100 mL/min. It was found that the optimum treatment time for Zn2+ was different for different process parameters, mainly in the range of 9–12 min, which needs to be noted in future production applications. Therefore, DBD can efficiently eliminate copper and zinc ions from groundwater to meet environmental discharge standards.
Diagnostic Value of Radiomics Based on Various Diffusion Models in Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Prostate Cancer Risk Stratification
Authors: Yang Hongkai , Qi Xuan , Wang Wuling , Du Bing , Xue Wei , Duan Shaofeng , He Yongsheng , Chen Qiong
Published: November 2024

Introduction:

The use of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and radiomics improves the management of Prostate Cancer (PCa) and helps in differentiating
between clinically insignificant and significant PCa. This study has explored the diagnostic value of radiomic analysis based on functional
parameter maps from monoexponential and diffusion kurtosis models in MRI for differentiating between clinically insignificant and significant
PCa.

Methods:

In total, 105 PCa cases, including 38 clinically insignificant and 67 clinically significant PCa cases, were retrospectively analyzed. The patients
were randomly divided into training and testing sets in a ratio of 7:3. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed, and
1,352 radiomic features were extracted from ADC, MD, and MK images. Clinical, radiomic, and clinical–radiomic models were developed and
compared using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, decision curve analysis, and calibration curves.

Results:

Clinical variables, such as TPSA, PI-RADS, and FPSA, were identified as independent risk factors for differentiating between clinically
insignificant and significant PCa. In radiomics, three features were identified as highly weighted indicators. The clinical–radiomic model based on
the clinical and radiomic features demonstrated the highest predictive efficacy for clinically insignificant and significant PCa, with area under the
curve values of 0.940 and 0.861 in the training and test sets, respectively.

Conclusion:

The predictive model constructed from clinical and radiomic features exhibited substantial diagnostic differentiation capabilities for clinically
insignificant and significant PCa. The clinical–radiomic model displayed the highest predictive performance, promising significant contributions to
future clinical treatment and assessment of PCa.
Epigallocatechin Gallate (EGCG) Mitigates Oxidative Stress and Restores Histological Integrity in Streptozotocin-Induced Zebrafish Model of Diabetes
Authors: Jamir Ajungla , Longkumer Sentiyanger , Pankaj Prany Punj
Published: November 2024

Aims:

The primary aim of this study is to investigate the potential therapeutic effects of Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) in a zebrafish model of diabetes
induced by streptozotocin.

Background:

Diabetes mellitus is characterized by chronic organ dysfunction and failure. Natural compounds, particularly polyphenols such as EGCG present in
green tea, have garnered attention for their potential in managing various complications associated with diabetes owing to their antioxidant and
anti-inflammatory properties.

Objective:

This study seeks to evaluate the influence of EGCG on oxidative stress markers, antioxidant levels, and histopathological alterations in the liver,
kidney, and gills of zebrafish rendered diabetic through streptozotocin administration.

Methods:

Zebrafish subjects were allocated into four groups: control, diabetic, diabetic + EGCG, and control + EGCG. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and
catalase (CAT) activities were quantified, and histopathological assessments were conducted on day 21 of the experimental period.

Results:

Diabetic zebrafish exhibited pronounced reductions in SOD and CAT activities relative to control counterparts, coupled with notable histological
changes indicative of organ impairment. Conversely, EGCG treatment attenuated oxidative stress bolstered antioxidant defenses and mitigated
histopathological abnormalities in the liver, kidney, and gills of diabetic zebrafish.

Conclusion:

EGCG exhibits promising therapeutic potential in safeguarding multiple organs against diabetes-induced injury, underscoring its significance in
ameliorating diabetic complications.

Other:

These findings emphasize the importance of investigating natural compounds such as EGCG as potential therapeutic agents for managing diabetesrelated
complications. Further elucidation of the mechanistic underpinnings and clinical applicability of EGCG in diabetes management warrants
future research endeavors.
Una nueva especie de Phyllophaga Harris (grupo rorulenta) (Coleoptera: Melolonthidae) de la Selva Baja de Oaxaca y notas sobre su dinámica poblacional
Authors: Cruz-López Jesús Alberto , Gálvez Marroquín Luis Antonio , Ramírez Ponce Andrés
Published: November 2024

Durante el periodo comprendido entre mayo y agosto de 2022, se recolectaron escarabajos melolóntidos con una trampa de luz negra en una zona con vegetación natural de selva baja caducifolia en la región costera de Oaxaca, México. Dentro del material recolectado, se identificaron ejemplares de una especie sin describir del género Phyllophaga Harris, 1827 (s. str.) perteneciente al grupo rorulenta. La especie nueva en cuestión es descrita en el siguiente trabajo como Phyllophaga inifap sp. nov., la cual se asemeja a Phyllophaga acapulca Saylor, 1943 pero se diferencia principalmente en los órganos genitales. Se recolectaron un total de 1,055 ejemplares de esta especie, con una proporción sexual de 1.6 machos por cada hembra. Phyllophaga inifap sp. nov. mostró cinco picos de emergencia durante el periodo de muestreo.
Corporate Governance in Accredited Public Higher Education Institutions
Authors: Mejía-Zambrano Fabio , Escobar-Sierra Manuela , Polanco-López De Mesa Jorge-Andrés
Published: November 2024

The specialized literature shows that corporate governance in accredited public higher education institutions is polysemic. This research will structure an integral corporate governance model for official higher education. The theoretical framework is based on new institutionalism and stakeholder and resource-based views. A meticulously designed sequential mixed-method approach was implemented, with data collection and analysis conducted in three stages. The first stage involved a bibliometric analysis, followed by a content analysis. Finally, an interdisciplinary group of 22 experts was interviewed using Python to propose the corporate governance model. The results validated a novel model with four dimensions: administrative process, university autonomy, stakeholders, and accountability system, as a structure for a hybrid transformation of corporate governance that includes principles of complexity. This model offers an alternative approach to optimizing management in public universities, particularly from the accreditation perspective.
El poder internacional y las capacidades de inteligencia artificial
Authors: De la Peña-Cárdenas Nicolás , Granados Oscar M.
Published: November 2024

La inteligencia artificial es un instrumento de poder en el sistema internacional porque amplía las capacidades económicas, militares, y científicas de los países. Este artículo analiza la distribución del poder internacional al incorporar las capacidades en inteligencia artificial como variable. Para ello, utiliza la ciencia de redes para construir una red multicapa (económica, militar y de IA) que permite identificar las capacidades de los Estados, su posición en el sistema internacional y la influencia de la inteligencia artificial. Los resultados evidencian que la distribución desigual del poder internacional de los Estados se ve exacerbada por esta, lo cual genera una estructura de red propicia para el ejercicio asimétrico del poder por parte de Estados en posición privilegiada, algo que se ilustra mediante el caso de las empresas plataforma.
Relación entre desempeño económico y diseño institucional en Latinoamérica
Authors: Pico-Bonilla Claudia Milena , Ramos-Barrera María Gabriela , Gil-Mateus Edwin Oswaldo
Published: November 2024

Los países latinoamericanos han mejorado sus posiciones en escalafones internacionales de prosperidad. Sin embargo, la región tiene retos en sus diseños institucionales, entendidos como reglas de juego: la alta incidencia de corrupción y la existencia de redes de crimen organizado pueden constituir amenazas para la prosperidad de los países de la región. Este trabajo utiliza el Índice de Prosperidad del Instituto Legatum para desarrollar un modelo del desempeño de las economías latinoamericanas en lo relativo a las dimensiones de sociedad inclusiva y economía abierta de dicho índice. Además, simula escenarios de intervención estatal en pilares como seguridad y gobernabilidad. Para ello usa la dinámica de sistemas. Los resultados revelan que la prosperidad está asociada positivamente a la estabilidad institucional y que la implementación de políticas de eficiencia estatal y seguridad redundan positivamente en el desempeño de las economías.
Features of the relationship of asthenia and emotional intelligence of student volunteers at different level of their emotional burnout
Authors: Molchanova L. N. , Koroleva S. I.
Published: November 2024

The high demand for volunteering in various fields has shown the invaluable contribution that volunteers can make to the development of the social sphere. At the same time, most areas of volunteer activity are associated with high emotional stress, which, without proper support, can lead to various unfavorable psychological states, including asthenia and emotional burnout. So, the purpose of the study is to study the relationship between asthenia and emotional intelligence in student volunteers with different levels of emotional burnout. 40 volunteer students of the FSBEI HE KSMU took part in the study. The total sample was divided into two experimental groups of 13 people each (33% of the entire sample): experimental group No. 1 included student volunteers with a low level of emotional burnout, and experimental group No. 2 - with a high level. Psychodiagnostics was carried out using the Asthenic State Scale (ASS) method by L.D. Malkova (adapted by T.G. Chertova) and the “Professional Burnout” (PV) questionnaire (Russian version by N.E. Vodopyanov, E.S. Starchenkova). The study revealed relationships between indicators of asthenia and emotional exhaustion in volunteers, as well as between indicators of asthenia and emotional intelligence in volunteers with a low level of emotional burnout. Thus, increasing the level of emotional intelligence of volunteers, namely, understanding their own and others’ emotions, can act as a resource in the prevention of not only emotional burnout, but also asthenia.
Reconstructing Risk Dimensions in Telemedicine: Investigating Technology Adoption and Barriers During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Taiwan
Authors: Wu Tzu-Chi , Ho Chien-Ta
Published: November 2024

Background

The COVID-19 pandemic has shifted health care toward virtual and online models, impacting both users and providers. Numerous user concerns and perceived risks related to telemedicine are continually evolving and adjusting in response to the pandemic. In many countries, there has been a substantial increase in the use of virtual health care visits, which offers a unique opportunity for researchers to explore these user concerns.

Objective

This study aimed to first reconstruct the risk dimensions associated with telemedicine, then identify the risk factors affecting users’ adoption, and finally propose effective solutions to mitigate these concerns. By integrating the newly constructed perceived risk with the technology acceptance model (TAM), we scrutinized various dimensions of perceived risk and their influence on users’ perceptions of ease of use, perceived usefulness, and use intention (UI).

Methods

Our target population consists of adults aged ≥18 years who have used or may use telemedicine services, recruited through an anonymous, voluntary, open, web-based survey. We collected responses and used part of them to reconstruct risk dimensions using exploratory factor analysis. Subsequently, we analyzed the intricate relationship between perceived risk, the TAM, and the acceptance of telemedicine using structural equation modeling with another part of the responses.

Results

A total of 1600 valid responses were collected. Eight distinct risk dimensions were reconstructed, revealing a substantial negative impact of performance risk on UI. The psychological and social risk was the strongest barrier to the ease of using telemedicine. Time risk, provider risk, and privacy risk were not statistically significant to the TAM. The resulting model elucidates a remarkable 66% variance in UI for telemedicine services.

Conclusions

This study substantially advances the field of telemedicine research by reconstructing and redefining 8 risk dimensions and confirming the statistical significance of 5 perceived risks on the adoption of telemedicine services. These insights are poised to facilitate the promotion and enhancement of telemedicine services in the health care sector.
Impact of Preventive Intravenous Amiodarone on Reperfusion Ventricular Fibrillation in Patients With Left Ventricular Hypertrophy Undergoing Open-Heart Surgery: Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Gong Chan-Juan , Zhou Xiao-Kai , Zhang Zhen-Feng , Fang Yin
Published: November 2024

Background

Ventricular fibrillation (VF) is a vicious arrhythmia usually generated after removal of the aortic cross-clamp (ACC) in patients undergoing open-heart surgery, which could damage cardiomyocytes, especially in patients with left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). Amiodarone has the prominent properties of converting VF and restoring sinus rhythm. However, few studies concentrated on the effect of amiodarone before ACC release on reducing VF in patients with LVH.

Objective

The study was designed to explore the effectiveness of prophylactic intravenous amiodarone in reducing VF after the release of the ACC in patients with LVH.

Methods

A total of 54 patients with LVH scheduled for open-heart surgery were enrolled and randomly divided (1:1) into 2 groups—group A (amiodarone group) and group P (placebo-controlled group). Thirty minutes before removal of the ACC, the trial drugs were administered intravenously. In group A, 150 mg of amiodarone was pumped in 15 minutes. In group P, the same volume of normal saline was pumped in 15 minutes. The primary outcome was the incidence of VF 10 minutes after removal of the ACC.

Results

The incidence of VF was lower in group A than in group P (30% vs 70%, P=.003). The duration of VF, the number of defibrillations, and the defibrillation energy were also lower in group A than in group P (P<.001, P=.002, and P=.002, respectively). After the end of cardiopulmonary bypass, the heart rate and mean arterial pressure were lower in group A, and the mean pulmonary arterial pressure and the dose of vasoactive drugs were higher than those in group P (P<.001, P<.001, P=.04, and P=.02, respectively). However, there were no significant differences in the use of vasoactive-inotropic agents and hemodynamic status between the 2 groups before the end of surgery.

Conclusions

In patients with LVH who undergo open-heart surgery, amiodarone can be safely used to reduce the incidence of VF, the duration of VF, the frequency of defibrillation, and the energy of defibrillation after ACC removal.
Vaccine Certificates Must Go Digital: An Urgent Call for Better Public Health Outcomes
Authors: Barbosa da Silva Júnior Jarbas , Garcia-Saiso Sebastian , Marti Myrna , Salas Daniel , Contreras Marcela , Velandia-Gonzalez Martha , Luna Daniel , Nelson Jennifer , Fitzgerald James , Bascolo Ernesto , Talavera Romero Ivy Lorena , Chomali May , Curioso Walter H , Plazzotta Fernando , Otero Carlos , Lopez Osornio Alejandro , Lennemann Tessa , Salinas Karen , D'Agostino Marcelo
Published: November 2024

From our roles within international public health organizations, we have collectively witnessed the global challenges presented by outdated health information systems, platforms, and applications. The COVID-19 pandemic has clearly exposed the limitations of our current paper-based vaccine certification methods and highlighted the deficiencies of outdated technological platforms that lack interoperability standards, a situation that underscores the critical need for a digital transformation in how we manage and verify immunization records. Digital vaccination certificates are understood to be secure, electronically stored, and easily accessible records that provide verifiable proof of a person’s immunization status. The Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) envisions leveraging digital technologies to strengthen health systems, enhance data-driven decision-making, and improve health outcomes. The organization’s vision emphasizes the integration of innovative technologies to build resilient and responsive health systems capable of addressing modern public health challenges. In an era of unprecedented technological advancement, our continued reliance on paper-based vaccine certificates is not just anachronistic—it is a significant liability for global public health that impacts the efficiency and effectiveness of our health systems on multiple fronts, limiting our ability to respond to public health crises effectively. With the strategic guidance from its Member States, PAHO has agreed to move toward the digital transformation of the health sector across the entire continent with an initiative that aims to improve health outcomes, ensure equitable access to health services, and enhance the overall efficiency of health systems in the Americas. The roadmap for this digital transformation outlines strategic actions and goals to achieve a connected, efficient, and resilient health sector.