bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Phosphorylated and O-GlcNAc Modified IRS-1 (Ser1101) and -2 (Ser1149) Contribute to Human Diabetes Type II
Authors: Kaleem Afshan , Javed Sabahat , Rehman Nayab , Abdullah Roheena , Iqtedar Mehwish , Aftab Mohammad Nauman , Hoessli Daniel C. , Haq Ikram-Ul
Published: August 2020

Background:

The prevalence of the chronic metabolic disorder Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is increasing steadily, and has even turned into an epidemic in some countries. T2DM results from defective responses to insulin and obesity is a major factor behind insulin resistance in T2DM. Insulin receptor substrate (IRS) proteins are adaptor proteins in the insulin receptor signalling pathway. The insulin signalling is controlled through tyrosine phosphorylation of IRS-1 and IRS-2, and dysregulation of IRS proteins signalling may lead to glucose intolerance and eventually insulin resistance.

Objective:

In this work, we suggest that both glycosylation (O-GlcNAc modification) and phosphorylation of IRS-1 and -2 are involved in the pathogenesis of T2DM.

Methods:

Phosphorylation and O-GlcNAc modifications (Ser1101 in IRS-1 and Ser1149 in IRS-2) proteins were determined experimentally by sandwich ELISA with specific antibodies and with bioinformatics tools.

Results:

When IRS-1 (on Ser1101) and IRS-2 (Ser1149) become glycosylated following an increase in UDP-GlcNAc pools, it may contribute to insulin resistance. Whereas when the same (IRS-1 on Ser1101 and IRS-2 on Ser1149) are phosphorylated, the insulin signalling is inhibited.

Discussion:

In this work OGlcNAc-modified proteins were specifically detected using O-Glc- NAc-specific antibodies, suggesting that elevated levels of O-GlcNAc-modified proteins are found, independently of their possible involvement in Advanced Glycation End products (AGEs).

Conclusion:

This study suggests a mechanism, which is controlled by posttranslational modifications, and may contribute to the pathogenesis of type II diabetes.
Behavioral Tasks Evaluating Schizophrenia-like Symptoms in Animal Models: A Recent Update
Authors: Ang Mary Jasmin , Lee Sueun , Kim Jong-Choon , Kim Sung-Ho , Moon Changjong
Published: August 2020

Background:

Schizophrenia is a serious mental illness that affects more than 21 million
people worldwide. Both genetics and the environment play a role in its etiology and pathogenesis.
Symptoms of schizophrenia are mainly categorized into positive, negative, and cognitive. One major
approach to identify and understand these diverse symptoms in humans has been to study behavioral
phenotypes in a range of animal models of schizophrenia.

Objective:

We aimed to provide a comprehensive review of the behavioral tasks commonly used
for measuring schizophrenia-like behaviors in rodents together with an update of the recent study
findings.

Methods:

Articles describing phenotypes of schizophrenia-like behaviors in various animal models
were collected through a literature search in Google Scholar, PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus,
with a focus on advances over the last 10 years.

Results:

Numerous studies have used a range of animal models and behavioral paradigms of schizophrenia
to develop antipsychotic drugs for improved therapeutics. In establishing animal models
of schizophrenia, the candidate models were evaluated for schizophrenia-like behaviors using several
behavioral tasks for positive, negative, and cognitive symptoms designed to verify human symptoms
of schizophrenia. Such validated animal models were provided as rapid preclinical avenues
for drug testing and mechanistic studies.

Conclusion:

Based on the most recent advances in the field, it is apparent that a myriad of behavior
tests are needed to confirm and evaluate the congruency of animal models with the numerous
behaviors and clinical signs exhibited by patients with schizophrenia.
Cost-minimization Analysis of Drugs Used in the Treatment of Asthma and COPD Diseases in India
Authors: Payal Billu , Kumar Anoop , Saxena Harsh
Published: August 2020

Background:

Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases (COPD) are well
known respiratory diseases affecting millions of people in India. In the market, various branded
generics, as well as generic drugs, are available for their treatment and how much cost will be saved
by utilizing generic medicine is still unclear among physicians. Thus, the main aim of the current
investigation was to perform cost-minimization analysis of generic versus branded generic (high
and low expensive) drugs and branded generic (high expensive) versus branded generic (least expensive)
used in the Department of Pulmonary Medicine of Era Medical University, Lucknow for
the treatment of asthma and COPD.

Methods:

The current index of medical stores (CIMS) was referred for the cost of branded drugs,
whereas the cost of generic drugs was taken from the Jan Aushadi scheme of India 2016. The
percentage of cost variation, particularly to Asthma and COPD regimens on substituting available
generic drugs, was calculated using standard formula and costs were presented in Indian Rupees
(as of 2019).

Results:

The maximum cost variation was found between the respules budesonide high expensive
branded generic versus least expensive branded generic drugs and generic versus high expensive
branded generic. In combination, the maximum cost variation was observed in the montelukast and
levocetirizine combination.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, this study inferred that substituting generic antiasthmatics and COPD
drugs can bring potential cost savings in patients.
COVID-19: Pathogenesis and Pharmacological Basis for Use of Passive Antibody Therapy
Authors: Ojha Smriti , Chadha Hina , Mahor Seema
Published: August 2020

Background:

Coronaviruses (CoVs), having enveloped RNA of positive strand, are
mainly responsible for enzootic infections in mammals. The mortality of CoVs has been proved as
they can cross the species barrier very easily and infect humans. Most recently, the outbreak of
coronavirus induced COVID-19 emerged in the city of Wuhan, Hubei province of China and became
the third highly pathogenic coronavirus infecting nearly 230 countries.

Objective:

To review the literature available about pathogenic Coronavirures with emphasis on
pathogenesis of COVID-19, and passive antibody therapy prospective.

Methods:

This study reviewed relevant published literature to provide (1) structural similarities
between coronaviruses and therapeutic methodologies used on SARS-CoV, MERS treatment which
might help scientists in understanding novel COVID-19 infection, (2) understanding COVID-19
pathogenesis that may help in identification of appropriate therapeutic targets to develop specific
and effective anti-viral drugs as well as immunizing agents against this novel emerging pathogen
and (3) to discuss existing knowledge on the passive immune therapy against similar coronaviruses
SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV with emphasis on COVID-19 pandemic treatment.

Conclusion:

COVID 19 coronavirus has shown resemblance to viral infections like SARS-CoV,
MERS infection. Historically, it has been proved that the prevention of disease, when exposed to a
biological system, is mainly a function of the immune response of that infected individual. To fight
against these infections, passive antibody therapy is the only available countermeasure that could
provide immediate immunity against infection. Passive antibody results in protection irrespective of
the immune status of the host. This therapy can be advantageous in countering the biological attack,
post exposure preventions, low toxicity and peculiar activity.
Micellization Behaviour of Cationic Surfactants in the Presence of Food Additives: Conductance and Spectroscopic Investigations
Authors: Arti Sonika , Aggarwal Neha
Published: August 2020

Aim:

The micellization behavior of cationic surfactants has been studied in the
presence of food additives.

Objectives:

Micellization behaviour of cationic surfactants, Cetyltrimethylammonium
Bromide (CTAB) and Tetradecyltrimethylammonium Bromide (TTAB) has been studied
in water and in various concentrations of salts (food additives) L-glutamic acid, sodium
propionate, sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate and disodium tartrate dihydrate at (298.15,
308.15 and 318.15) K.

Methods:

Two methods used in the present study are specific conductance measurements
and spectroscopy (NMR) studies.

Results:

From the specific conductance(κ), various parameters such as Critical Micelle
Concentration (CMC), degree of ionization of micelle (α), standard Gibbs free energy
(ΔG°m), enthalpy (ΔH°m), and entropy (ΔS°m) of micellization have also been calculated.
Thermodynamic parameters related to the micellization process were also analyzed
through NMR studies.

Conclusion:

The CMC values are influenced by the presence of food additive. The magnitude
of CMC values increases with an increase in the concentration of food additive. In all
the cases, enthalpy of micellization, ΔH°m values are found to be negative, whereas entropy
of micellization, ΔS°m values are positive, which indicates that hydrophobic interactions
play a major role in the micellization process. Moreover, NMR studies reveal that tartrate
and citrate are more hydrated than glutamic acid and propionate, resulting in a more downfield
shift.
Hydrophobic Deep Eutectic as a New Solvent for Liquid-Liquid Extraction and Its Potential Application in Ligandless Extraction of Cu (II)
Authors: Sazali Nur Hidayah , Jie Tham Wei , Rahim Nurul Yani
Published: August 2020

Background:

The cost-effective and environmentally benign solvent of hydrophobic
deep eutectic (DES) was prepared for the removal of Cu (II) from aqueous solution. Hydrophobic
DES has been gaining increasing attention from researchers for the replacement of hazardous solvent
consumption in liquid-liquid extraction (LLE).

Objectives:

To synthesize the hydrophobic DES and optimize the parameters for ligandless LLE using
DES, and LLE with DES-LIG, respectively.

Materials and Methods:

The fatty acid-based DES was prepared using a mixture of capric acid
(C10) and lauric acid (C12) as a potential solvent for the extraction of Cu (II). The DES was characterized
via FT-IR, NMR, and TGA. The removal percentage of Cu (II) was compared between ligandless
LLE and other conventional LLE techniques. DES was used as the solvent in the ligandless
LLE, while 1,10-phenanathroline ligand with DES (DES-LIG) was used in the conventional
LLE techniques. The optimized parameters such as pH, initial concentration, and contact time for
Cu (II) removal were studied and analyzed using atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS).

Results and Discussion:

The ligandless LLE with DES demonstrated the highest removal percentage
of Cu (II) at optimum conditions of pH 8, initial concentration of 80 μg mL-1, and contact time
of 45 minutes.

Conclusion:

The removal of Cu (II) was more effective in ligandless LLE using DES.
COVID-19: The Unprecedented Malady- A Holistic Review
Authors: Chawla Viney , Chawla Pooja A.
Published: August 2020

Background:

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is spreading rapidly at an unprecedented
scale across continents and has emerged as the single biggest risk the world has faced in modern times.
Some scientists are comparing it to Spanish flu that created havoc around a century ago. The fear of
death by COVID-19 looms large in the world today. The disease has reached devastating proportions
since its first reports in December 2019. Doctors are having a difficult time dealing with this challenge
and the microbiologists are having sleepless nights to bring about an effective vaccine for this disease.
Methods: A number of research and review articles have been exhaustively reviewed. The collected data
has been meticulously analyzed and documented.

Conclusion:

This paper reviews the different types of coronaviruses, the structure of SARS-CoV-2 responsible
for COVID-19, its transmission, and virulence. Further, the article discusses the diagnosis,
signs and symptoms like fever, breathlessness, cough, potential loss of taste or smell, sneezing, runny
nose, fatigue, headache, sore throat and different treatment approaches including drug repurposing being
tried by doctors around the globe that may come handy in the management of disease symptoms. The
article describes the use of remdesivir, ribavarin, lopinavir, favipiravir, hydoxychloroquine, chloroquine,
and tocilizumab among others in treating COVID-19.
Hemşirelerin Mesleğe Bağlılık Durumlarının Tıbbi Hata Yapma Eğilimlerine Etkisi
Authors: UYSAL Aysun , KARAKURT Papatya
Published: August 2020

Giriş: Mesleğe bağlılık, bireyin mesleğinin görevlerini icra ederken daha özenli, özverili olarak çalışmasına ve hata yapma eğiliminin azalmasına etki eden bir faktördür. Bu araştırma, hemşirelerin mesleğe bağlılık durumları ile tıbbi hata yapma eğilimleri arasındaki ilişkiyi belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı türde olan bu araştırmanın evrenini bir ilin merkez ve ilçelerindeki devlet hastanelerinde dahili, cerrahi ve riskli (yoğun bakım, acil) birimlerinde görev yapmakta olan hemşireler oluşturmuştur. Araştırmada örneklem seçimine gidilmemiş olup, bu birimlerde görev yapan, çalışmaya gönüllü olarak katılan ve ulaşılabilen 144 hemşire ile çalışma tamamlanmıştır. Araştırmanın verileri, Ekim 2017-Ocak 2018 tarihleri arasında Tanımlayıcı Soru Formu, Hemşirelikte Mesleğe Bağlılık Ölçeği ve Hemşirelikte Tıbbi Hataya Eğilim Ölçeği kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde sayı, yüzde, ortalama, t testi, Mann Whitney-U testi, Tek Yönlü Varyans Analizi, Kruskall Wallis Analizi ve Korelasyon Analizi kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Araştırmaya katılan hemşirelerin yaş ortalamasının 27.31±5.36, %92.4’ünün kadın, %59.7’sinin lisans mezunu olduğu ve %59.7’sinin 0-5 yıl arası çalıştığı saptanmıştır. Hemşirelerin mesleğe bağlılıklarının orta düzeyin (76.23±11) üzerinde ve tıbbi hata yapma eğilimlerinin düşük olduğu belirlenmiştir. Medeni ve eğitim durumunun mesleğe bağlılığı, çalışılan birim ve önceki tıbbi hata yapma durumunun ise tıbbi hata yapma eğilimiyle ilişkili olduğu bulunmuştur. Hemşirelikte Tıbbi Hataya Eğilim Ölçeği toplam puanı ile Hemşirelikte Mesleğe Bağlılık Ölçeği toplam puanı ve çaba gösterme istekliliği, hedef ve değerlere inanç alt boyutları arasında pozitif yönlü ve zayıf düzeyli anlamlı bir ilişki saptanmıştır. Sonuç: Hemşirelerde mesleğe bağlılık düzeyinin, tıbbi hata eğilimini azaltan bir faktör olduğu ve mesleğe bağlılık düzeyi arttıkça tıbbi hataya eğilim düzeyinin azaldığı belirlenmiştir. Bu nedenle, hemşirelerin mesleğe bağlılığını artıracak, tıbbi hata eğilimlerini azaltacak hizmet içi düzenlemeler ve politikalar geliştirilmelidir.
Estetik Amaçlı Pigmente Lezyon Eksizyonu İçin Başvuran Hastaların Histopatolojik İnceleme Sonuçları ve Tedavi Yönetimi
Authors: ŞAKI Mehmet Can
Published: August 2020

Amaç: Pigmente cilt lezyonlarının birinci basamak sağlık kuruluşlarında çalışan hekimler tarafından tanınması ve eşlik edebilecek malign hastalıklar yönünden araştırılması büyük önem taşımaktadır. Özellikle baş ve boyun yerleşimli olan pigmente lezyonların kozmetik açıdan başarılı bir şekilde çıkarılması hastaların genel başvuru nedeni olmaktadır. Bu çalışmada kliniğimize estetik amaçlarla lezyonlarını aldırmak isteyen hastaların histopatolojik tanıları retrospektif olarak incelenmiş ve tedavi yönetimi irdelenmiştir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya kliniğimize Kasım 2018- Kasım 2019 tarihleri arasında pigmente lezyonlarını sadece estetik amaçlı aldırmak isteyen toplam 85 hasta dahil edildi. Tüm hastalar aynı cerrah tarafından opere edildi. Eksizyon sonrası tüm lezyonlar histopatolojik incelemeye gönderildi. Bulgular: Toplam 85 hastadan 129 lezyon çıkarıldı. Hastaların 37’si (%43,5) erkek; 48’i (%56,5) kadın idi. Hastaların ortalama yaşı 38,9 (14-94 yaş) idi. Lezyonların ortalama büyüklüğü 1,15 cm² (0,3-5,3 cm²) idi. Histopatolojik inceleme sonrası 11 değişik tipte pigmente lezyon patolojisi ortaya çıktı. İntradermal nevüs çıkarılan lezyonlar arasında görülen en sık patoloji sonucuydu (%38). Bunu sırasıyla Seboreik keratoz (%24) ve bazal hücreli karsinom (%22) izledi. Baş-boyun bölgesi çıkarılan tüm lezyonların en sık yerleşim yeri idi. İlk muayenede konan ön tanıyla lezyonların histopatolojik sonucu arasındaki uyumsuzluk toplam 5 hastada gözlenmiştir. Sonuç: Cilt lezyonları geniş bir yelpazede klinik pratiğimizde karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Hastanın ilk başvurusunda çıplak gözle muayene her zaman doğru sonuç vermese de ABCDE kriterlerinin bilinmesi bu aşamada kritik önemdedir. Çalışmamızda sadece kozmetik amaçlı başvuran hastaların dahil edildiği göz önünde bulundurulduğunda hastaların dörtte birinin malign deri kanseri teşhisi aldığını ve bu bağlamda bir halk sağlığı sorunu olarak deri kanseriyle ile ilgili kişilerin eğitiminin yaygınlaştırılması gerektiğini vurgulamak istiyoruz.
Perfil nutricional y productivo de especies arbustivas en trópico bajo, Antioquia (Colombia)
Authors: Argüello-Rangel Jeraldyn , Mahecha-Ledesma Liliana , Angulo-Arizala Joaquín
Published: August 2020

Los suelos destinados a ganadería en la región del Bajo Cauca (Antioquia, Colombia) se caracterizan por presentar pH ácido, baja fertilidad, erosión, compactación y sobrepastoreo. Debido a esto, presentan deficiencias en calidad nutricional y producción de biomasa, especialmente en épocas secas. Por lo anterior, se requiere evaluar el uso de recursos forrajeros adaptables a la zona de interés. Para comparar el perfil nutricional y productivo de las especies Crescentia cujete, Gliricidia sepium y Tithonia diversifolia, se establecieron en la hacienda La Candelaria parcelas experimentales en un diseño por bloques completamente aleatorizado con un arreglo factorial. Se evaluó altura de las plantas, rendimiento de forraje verde y materia seca (MS), y contenido de materia seca (MS %), fibra detergente neutro (FDN %), fibra detergente ácido (FDA %) y proteína cruda (PC %). Se realizó análisis de varianza y prueba de Tukey y se obtuvieron diferencias significativas (p ≤ 0,05) para el rendimiento de materia seca, con una producción anual proyectada de 13,87 t/ha para Crescentia cujete, 23,2 t/ha para Gliricidia sepium y 18,47 t/ha para Tithonia diversifolia. Hubo diferencias significativas para FDN (p = 0,0349), FDA (p < 0,0001) y PC (p = 0,0037). Crescentia cujete presentó el mayor contenido de FDN (46,5 %) y FDA (25,1 %), mientras Tithonia diversifolia registró los valores más bajos (32,6 % en FDN y 14,4 % en FDA). El contenido de PC fue de 25,2 % en T. diversifolia, 24,3 % en G. sepium y 15,0 % en C. cujete. Los resultados sugieren el potencial de estas especies en sistemas ganaderos con suelos pobres.
24-Month Outcomes of Primary Care Web-Based Depression Prevention Intervention in Adolescents: Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Van Voorhees Benjamin , Gladstone Tracy R G , Sobowale Kunmi , Brown C Hendricks , Aaby David A , Terrizzi Daniela A , Canel Jason , Ching Eumene , Berry Anita D , Cantorna James , Eder Milton , Beardslee William , Fitzgibbon Marian , Marko-Holguin Monika , Schiffer Linda , Lee Miae , de Forest Sarah A , Sykes Emily E , Suor Jennifer H , Crawford Theodore J , Burkhouse Katie L , Goodwin Brady C , Bell Carl
Published: August 2020

Background

Adolescent depression carries a high burden of disease worldwide, but access to care for this population is limited. Prevention is one solution to curtail the negative consequences of adolescent depression. Internet interventions to prevent adolescent depression can overcome barriers to access, but few studies examine long-term outcomes.

Objective

This study compares CATCH-IT (Competent Adulthood Transition with Cognitive Behavioral Humanistic and Interpersonal Training), an internet-based intervention, to a general health education active control for depression onset at 12 and 24 months in adolescents presenting to primary care settings.

Methods

A 2-site randomized trial, blinded to the principal investigators and assessors, was conducted comparing Competent Adulthood Transition with Cognitive Behavioral Humanistic and Interpersonal Training to health education to prevent depressive episodes in 369 adolescents (193 youths were randomly assigned to Competent Adulthood Transition with Cognitive Behavioral Humanistic and Interpersonal Training and 176 to health education) with subthreshold depressive symptoms or prior depressive episodes. Participants were recruited from primary care settings in the United States. The primary outcome was the occurrence of a depressive episode, determined by the Depression Symptom Rating. The secondary outcome was functioning, measured by the Global Assessment Scale.

Results

In intention-to-treat analyses, the adjusted hazard ratio favoring Competent Adulthood Transition with Cognitive Behavioral Humanistic and Interpersonal Training for first depressive episode was not statistically significant at 12 months (hazard ratio 0.77, 95% CI 0.42-1.40, P=.39) and 24 months (hazard ratio 0.87, 95% CI 0.52-1.47, P=.61). Competent Adulthood Transition with Cognitive Behavioral Humanistic and Interpersonal Training provided preventive benefit for first depressive episode for those with mild hopelessness or at least moderate paternal monitoring at baseline. Global Assessment Scale scores improved comparably in both groups (intention-to-treat).

Conclusions

A technology-based intervention for adolescent depression prevention implemented in primary care did not have additional benefit at 12 or 24 months. Further research is necessary to determine whether internet interventions have long-term benefit.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01893749; http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01893749.
Usability and Practicality of a Novel Mobile Attachment for Aural Endoscopy (endoscope-i): Formative Usability Study
Authors: Williams Rowena , Lee Jonathan Daw Ern , Muzaffar Jameel , Clutton-Brock Tom , Coulson Chris
Published: August 2020

Background

Our aims were to determine the usability and practicality of the endoscope-i system, a novel mobile attachment for aural endoscopy. This incorporated assessing the ease of use of the endoscope-i for different professionals, and ultimately improving the system by receiving constructive feedback.

Objective

Our objectives were to assess the ease of the endoscope-i system in conducting an aural examination and to assess its feasibility for integrating its use into clinical practice. We looked to assess its ease, effectiveness, and efficiency; to compare this to current practices with otoscopes; and to determine whether participants perceived the system to be able to produce an image of sufficient quality to make a clinical assessment. Finally, we wanted to assess the usefulness of the current training given for using the system, and we sought to gain feedback for the product from the differing specialists.

Methods

A formative usability study of the endoscope-i system was conducted with 5 health care professionals. Each session lasted 40 minutes and involved audio/video consent, a hands-on session, a private semistructured interview, and an option to discuss the device with a company representative.

Results

All participants found the endoscope-i system easy to use. The image quality was perceived to be greater than that achieved by current otoscopes. The ability to record images and view them retrospectively was also seen as a positive.

Conclusions

This study has not identified any significant issues relating to the design, functionality, or application of the endoscope-i. Participants perceived the system as superior to current options with a directly positive impact on their clinical practice.
The Active Brains Digital Intervention to Reduce Cognitive Decline in Older Adults: Protocol for a Feasibility Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Smith Kirsten Ailsa , Bradbury Katherine , Essery Rosie , Pollet Sebastien , Mowbray Fiona , Slodkowska-Barabasz Joanna , Denison-Day James , Hayter Victoria , Kelly Jo , Somerville Jane , Zhang Jin , Grey Elisabeth , Western Max , Ferrey Anne E , Krusche Adele , Stuart Beth , Mutrie Nanette , Robinson Sian , Yao Guiqing Lily , Griffiths Gareth , Robinson Louise , Rossor Martin , Gallacher John , Griffin Simon , Kendrick Tony , Rathod Shanaya , Gudgin Bernard , Phillips Rosemary , Stokes Tom , Niven John , Little Paul , Yardley Lucy
Published: August 2020

Background

Increasing physical activity, improving diet, and performing brain training exercises are associated with reduced cognitive decline in older adults.

Objective

In this paper, we describe a feasibility trial of the Active Brains intervention, a web-based digital intervention developed to support older adults to make these 3 healthy behavior changes associated with improved cognitive health. The Active Brains trial is a randomized feasibility trial that will test how accessible, acceptable, and feasible the Active Brains intervention is and the effectiveness of the study procedures that we intend to use in the larger, main trial.

Methods

In the randomized controlled trial (RCT), we use a parallel design. We will be conducting the intervention with 2 populations recruited through GP practices (family practices) in England from 2018 to 2019: older adults with signs of cognitive decline and older adults without any cognitive decline. Trial participants were randomly allocated to 1 of 3 study groups: usual care, the Active Brains intervention, or the Active Brains website plus brief support from a trained coach (over the phone or by email). The main outcomes are performance on cognitive tasks, quality of life (using EuroQol-5D 5 level), Instrumental Activities of Daily Living, and diagnoses of dementia. Secondary outcomes (including depression, enablement, and health care costs) and process measures (including qualitative interviews with participants and supporters) will also be collected. The trial has been approved by the National Health Service Research Ethics Committee (reference 17/SC/0463).

Results

Results will be published in peer-reviewed journals, presented at conferences, and shared at public engagement events. Data collection was completed in May 2020, and the results will be reported in 2021.

Conclusions

The findings of this study will help us to identify and make important changes to the website, the support received, or the study procedures before we progress to our main randomized phase III trial.

Trial Registration

International Standard Randomized Controlled Trial Number 23758980; http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN23758980

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/18929
Psychological Treatment of Low Sexual Desire in Women: Protocol for a Randomized, Waitlist-Controlled Trial of Internet-Based Cognitive Behavioral and Mindfulness-Based Treatments
Authors: Meyers Milena , Margraf Jürgen , Velten Julia
Published: August 2020

Background

Psychological therapies are effective treatments for hypoactive sexual desire dysfunction (HSDD; formerly hypoactive sexual desire disorder), a common sexual dysfunction among women. Access to evidence-based treatments, however, remains difficult. Internet-based interventions are effective for a variety of psychological disorders and may be a promising means to close the treatment gap for HSDD.

Objective

This article describes the treatment protocol and study design of a randomized controlled trial, aiming to study the efficacy of cognitive behavioral and mindfulness-based interventions delivered via the internet for women with HSDD to a waitlist control group. Outcomes are sexual desire (primary) and sexual distress (secondary). Additional variables (eg, depression, mindfulness, rumination) will be assessed as potential moderators or mediators of treatment success.

Methods

A cognitive behavioral and a mindfulness-based self-help intervention for HSDD will be provided online. Overall, 266 women with HSDD will be recruited and assigned either to one of the intervention groups, or to a waitlist control group (2:2:1). Outcome data will be assessed at baseline, at 12 weeks, and at 6 and 12 months after randomization. Intention-to-treat and completer analyses will be conducted.

Results

We expect improvements in sexual desire and sexuality-related distress in both intervention groups compared to the waitlist control. Recruitment has begun in January 2019 and is expected to be completed in August 2021. Results will be published in 2022.

Conclusions

This study aims to contribute to the improvement and dissemination of psychological treatments for women with HSDD and to clarify whether cognitive behavioral and/or mindfulness-based treatments for HSDD are feasible and effective when delivered via the internet.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03780751; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03780751

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/20326
The Moderating Role of Coping Mechanisms and Being an e-Sport Player Between Psychiatric Symptoms and Gaming Disorder: Online Survey
Authors: Bányai Fanni , Zsila Ágnes , Kökönyei Gyöngyi , Griffiths Mark D , Demetrovics Zsolt , Király Orsolya
Published: August 2020

Background

The emerging popularity of playing video games (gaming) as a hobby and as a professional sport raises awareness about both the benefits and possible downsides of the activity. Although a healthy and passionate hobby for most, a minority of gamers experience addiction-like symptoms and are considered to have gaming disorder (GD). GD has previously been found to be related to aversive conditions, such as depression or anxiety, as well as putatively maladaptive coping strategies.

Objective

The aim of this study is twofold: to explore the moderating effect of different coping strategies and type of video game usage (professional [e-sport] or recreational) on the relationship between psychiatric symptoms and GD.

Methods

A sample of 3476 gamers (n=3133, 90.13% males; mean age 23.20, SD 6.48 years) was recruited via the website and social networking site of the most popular gaming magazine in Hungary (GameStar).

Results

The main effect of psychiatric symptoms was moderate to large in all models, whereas the moderation effects were significant (P<.001) for 4 out of 8 coping strategies (ie, self-blame/self-distraction, denial, emotional/social support, and active coping). However, the explained variance of the models only increased negligibly (from 0.3% to 0.5%) owing to the moderation effect. The direction of the moderations was as expected (ie, putatively maladaptive strategies were associated with more GD symptoms when the level of psychiatric symptoms was high, while putatively adaptive strategies were associated with less). Furthermore, no considerable moderation effect of the player type (recreational vs professional players) was found on the association between psychiatric symptoms and GD (β=.04; P=.02; 0.1% change in the explained variance).

Conclusions

Future studies should be designed to better understand coping-related mechanisms in the context of video gaming and GD.
Effects of COVID-19 on College Students’ Mental Health in the United States: Interview Survey Study
Authors: Son Changwon , Hegde Sudeep , Smith Alec , Wang Xiaomei , Sasangohar Farzan
Published: August 2020

Background

Student mental health in higher education has been an increasing concern. The COVID-19 pandemic situation has brought this vulnerable population into renewed focus.

Objective

Our study aims to conduct a timely assessment of the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of college students.

Methods

We conducted interview surveys with 195 students at a large public university in the United States to understand the effects of the pandemic on their mental health and well-being. The data were analyzed through quantitative and qualitative methods.

Results

Of the 195 students, 138 (71%) indicated increased stress and anxiety due to the COVID-19 outbreak. Multiple stressors were identified that contributed to the increased levels of stress, anxiety, and depressive thoughts among students. These included fear and worry about their own health and of their loved ones (177/195, 91% reported negative impacts of the pandemic), difficulty in concentrating (173/195, 89%), disruptions to sleeping patterns (168/195, 86%), decreased social interactions due to physical distancing (167/195, 86%), and increased concerns on academic performance (159/195, 82%). To cope with stress and anxiety, participants have sought support from others and helped themselves by adopting either negative or positive coping mechanisms.

Conclusions

Due to the long-lasting pandemic situation and onerous measures such as lockdown and stay-at-home orders, the COVID-19 pandemic brings negative impacts on higher education. The findings of our study highlight the urgent need to develop interventions and preventive strategies to address the mental health of college students.
Venous Thromboembolism in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients: Systematic Review
Authors: Birkeland Kade , Zimmer Raymond , Kimchi Asher , Kedan Ilan
Published: August 2020

Background

Coagulopathy associated with COVID-19 infection and venous thromboembolism (VTE) have emerged as significant contributors to morbidity among patients infected with SARS-CoV-2.

Objective

We performed a systematic review to estimate VTE incidence in hospitalized patients and to analyze characteristic factors in the VTE cohort.

Methods

We searched PubMed and Google Scholar using specified title search terms “SARS-CoV-2” or “COVID-19” and “venous thromboembolism” and “anticoagulation” among others to identify peer-reviewed journal articles published between June 22, 2019, and June 22, 2020. Data were systematically extracted and synthesized using Microsoft Excel for analysis. The main outcome was VTE incidence, and measures included patient characteristics, anticoagulation, and clinical outcomes with assessment for associations.

Results

In total, 14 studies were included comprising 1677 patients. Most patients (n=1306, 82.4%) received anticoagulation (either VTE prophylaxis or treatment). VTE incidence was 26.9% (SE 3.1; 95% CI 20.8-33.1) and was correlated with systematic screening (r2=0.34, P=.03) and study duration (r2=–0.33, P=.03). D-dimer was higher for the VTE cohort (5.62 [SD 0.9] vs 1.43 [SD 0.6]; P<.001). Odds of VTE were higher at the intensive care unit (odds ratio [OR] 6.38, 95% CI 3.67-11.11; P<.001) but lower with anticoagulation (OR 0.58, 95% CI 0.36-0.92; P=.02).

Conclusions

Despite the utilization of background anticoagulation, VTE incidence was historically high. Future studies are needed to provide additional data to guide optimal VTE prophylaxis and diagnostic strategies.
Physicochemical Characters of Mosquitoes Natural Breeding Habitats: First Record in High Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever Cases Area, East Java, Indonesia
Authors: Rosmanida Rosmanida , Fauziyah Shifa , Pranoto Adi Pranoto
Published: August 2020

This research aims to identify physicochemical characteristics in natural breeding habitats/ phytotelmata of dengue vector—including Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti and Aedes (Stegomyia) albopictus. The research was conducted during rainy season and pre-dry season (from January to June 2017) in the region with the high cases of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF). The entomological survey was carried out by stratified random sampling in urban and rural areas in order to find potential breeding habitats, every natural breeding habitats in sampling location were checked for the presence of Aedes larvae. Physicochemical characters that consist of temperature, turbidity, carbon dioxide, ammonia, nitrate, sulphate, pH and dissolved oxygen were recorded. Larval species were taken and then identifying activities were conducted in the Laboratory of Entomology. Data were analysed using the Chi-square test. Results showed that only dissolved oxygen that significantly associated with larval abundance (p=0.039). while others are not significantly associated. Whereas, other characters are associated with each other, carbon dioxide associated with the ammonia and sulphate (p=0.001; p=0.028). Turbidity associated with the dissolved oxygen (p=0.022) and pH associated with nitrate (p=0.001).
Diversity of Epiphytic Orchids, Hoya, Dischidia and Phorophytes (Host Trees) in Bawean Island Nature Reserve and Wildlife Reserve, East Java, Indonesia
Authors: Trimanto Trimanto , Danarto Setyawan Agung
Published: August 2020

Bawean Island is a small island located between two islands (Java and Borneo). Geographically, the diversity of plants, especially epiphytic plants on this island is very interesting to be studied. This research aims to investigate the diversity of epiphytic plants, focussing on epiphytic orchids, Hoya and Dischidia in Bawean Island Nature Reserve and Wildlife Reserve. It was conducted through an inventory of epiphytic orchids and hoya growing on host trees. The results showed there were 10 species of epiphytic orchid and 3 species of epiphytic Hoya, and 1 species of Dischidia growing on-location studies. The epiphytic orchids which found in location studies included Phalaenopsis amabilis, Aerides odorata, Cymbidium aloifolium, Dendrobium anosmum, Rhynchostylis retusa, Liparis condylobulbon, Taeniophyllum biocellatum, Cymbidium sp., Eria sp. Orchid species that most often found in the study location was Phalaenopsis amabilis. In addition, this study recorded Taeniophyllum biocellatum as an endemic orchid from Java that was found on this island. The epiphytic Hoya recorded in there, i.e. Hoya diversifolia, H. verticillata, and H. amoena, and also only found 1 species of  Dischidia was Dischidia imbricata. There were 12 species of trees as the host trees of epiphytic, i.e. Irvingia malayana, Tectona grandis, Diospyros buxyfolius were the host trees frequently found as the host of the epiphytic plant. Zone 3 as an area of 1/3 basal part of a total length of the branches was the most preferred zone by epiphytic orchids and hoya. The epiphytic orchid and hoya hardly found in Zone 5.
Plants Flowering and Fruiting Behaviour in Alas Purwo National Park, Banyuwangi, East Java
Authors: Lestari Dewi Ayu , Darmayanti Agung Sri
Published: August 2020

Alas Purwo National Park (APNP) is a conservation area with lowland forest type. The adaptation of plants conserved is strongly influenced by environmental factors and the behaviour of flowering and fruiting. The aims of this research were to find the number, species, dominance, and abundance of flowering and fruiting plants, comparison of flowering and fruiting species, and environmental factors affecting the flowering and fruiting time in APNP observation tracks. This study used purposive random sampling in each observation track where flowering and fruiting plants were found. Environmental factors (temperature, humidity, light intensity, soil pH, elevation, and coordinates) in each observation track were measured. Data analysis was conducted using Microsoft Excel and PAST 4.0. statistic program. The behaviour of flowering and fruiting plants species in APNP was unique. There were 90 species of flowering and fruiting plants in APNP from 45 families. Most species often found flowering and fruiting were Orophea enneandra, Polyalthia littoralis and Leea angulata which were scattered in Moto Lele, Patirtan Mas, and Sadengan Savanna. Fruiting plants species were more often found than flowering ones. Temperature and light intensity became the two most affecting environmental factors on flowering and fruiting plants behaviour. The study of flowering and fruiting behaviour is very important for genetic resources conservation and conservation areas management.
Habitats Characteristic and the Resistance Status of Aedes sp. Larvae in the Endemic Areas of Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever in Sewon Subdistrict, Bantul Regency, Special Region of Yogyakarta
Authors: Poerwanto Soenarwan Hery , Chusnaifah Defriana Lutfi , Giyantolin Giyantolin , Windyaraini Dila Hening
Published: August 2020

Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is caused by Dengue Virus and transmitted by female Aedes mosquito which spread almost all over the world. Aedes sp. mosquito lives cosmopolitan and breeds in wet environments. Panggungharjo and Bangunharjo villages were categorized as endemic and non-endemic DHF areas, respectively. The aims of this research were to study the characteristics of Aedes sp. mosquito breeding sites, the identity of presence species found in the sites, and the resistance status of Aedes sp. mosquitoes against organophosphate insecticide. The method was using a larval survey which consists of 200 houses as respondents located in Panggungharjo and Bangunharjo villages. The larval resistance was tested by a biochemical method since resistance could be associated with esterase enzyme activity. The characteristics of mosquito breeding sites that found were open containers, filled with clear and calm water, dark and rough wall surfaces, the bottom surface was not directly in contact with the ground, the water temperature was 27-29 °C, pH 6.5-7, and not directly exposed to sunlight. There was only one species of mosquito was found, Aedes aegypti. The resistance test of Aedes sp. larvae showed that Aedes sp. larvae population from Panggungharjo village were susceptible, and Aedes sp. larvae from Bangunharjo village were in moderate resistant against organophosphate insecticide.
Impact of night markets on residents' quality of life
Authors: Hung Hao-Kai , Wu Chang-Che
Published: August 2020

There is a lack of discussion on the impact of night tourism activities on the quality of life of residents in the area where these activities are held. We adopted the Q method to explore the effect of the night market in Taiwan on residents in the area from the perspective of 4 groups:
Long-term neighbors who love the prosperity of the night market, residents who live in the area where the night market is held, residents who dislike tourists but do not mind the vendors, and residents who have integrated the night market into their own life. We discuss and address the conflicts
between the perspectives of these groups using social disruption theory, social exchange theory, and empathy. Implications of the findings are described along with directions for future research.
Chinese brand–individual values congruity and willingness of consumers from other countries to use positive word of mouth
Authors: Chen Xi , Fang Qing , Wang Zhenyuan
Published: August 2020

Congruity of brand and individual values is the degree of fit or similarity between consumers' personal values and the perceived values of a certain brand. In this study, we took Huawei as the test brand and investigated 525 consumers in 30 countries to examine whether congruity of
brand and individual values influences consumer word-of-mouth communication in an international context. The results show that (a) brand commitment played a mediating role in the effect of brand–individual values congruity on word of mouth, (b) the consistency of a brand's practices
and its values (brand behavior congruity) moderated the relationship between brand–individual values congruity and the consumers' brand commitment, and (c) brand behavior congruity moderated the mediating role of brand commitment in the relationship between values congruity and positive
word of mouth. Our findings provide insight into the impact of values congruity for consumers.
Effect of empowering leadership on the turnover intention of industrial workers
Authors: Ouyang Chenhui , Zhu Yongyue , Guo Minyu
Published: August 2020

We used empowerment theory and job design theory to build a mediated moderation model to examine the relationship between empowering leadership and the turnover intention of industrial workers. Participants were 272 industrial workers in Chinese manufacturing enterprises. Results show
that empowering leadership significantly reduced participants' turnover intention and that job crafting exerted a partial mediating effect on the negative correlation between empowering leadership and turnover intention. Participants' proactive personality positively moderated the effect of
empowering leadership on their turnover intention, and part of the moderating effect was transmitted via job crafting. Our results have theoretical implications for related research and practical implications for human resource management practices in the manufacturing industry.
Development and validation of a Chinese version of the Eustress–Distress Psychological Response Scale
Authors: Shen Yane , Wang Shen , Chen Jiahui , Wu Jinyun
Published: August 2020

A measure with satisfactory psychometric properties to address if stress is eustress or distress remains undeveloped in the cultural context of China. Thus, we revised and validated a Chinese version of the Eustress–Distress Psychological Response Scale (CEDPRS), examining the
structure and indicators of eustress and distress with 1,079 undergraduate students in China. We found that the CEDPRS is best explained using a 2-factor second-order model comprising psychological responses to eustress and distress. Indicators of psychological responses to eustress included
hope, meaningfulness, positive affect, and sense of control; responses to distress included anxiety, negative affect, meaninglessness, loss of control, and anger/hostility. We found that the CEDPRS is a valid and reliable measure in the Chinese context, thus providing empirical support for
its use in assessing Chinese people's eustress and distress simultaneously from the individual's psychological response to the same stressor.
Linking ethical leadership to employee voice: The role of trust
Authors: Zeng Jianji , Xu Guangyi
Published: August 2020

Ethical leadership is purported to foster employees' extrarole behaviors; however, there have been few empirical studies conducted to verify this effect. Therefore, we examined the relationship between ethical leadership and employees' voice behavior, and the mediating roles of both
supervisor and organizational forms of trust in this relationship. Participants were 205 university teachers from 15 universities in China. The results show that ethical leadership positively predicted university teachers' use of voice. Moreover, the relationship of ethical leadership with
university teachers' voice behavior was mediated by both supervisor trust and organizational trust. These findings expand the literature on ethical leadership and voice behavior and provide meaningful guidance for managers to encourage employees to make suggestions about ways to improve existing
work processes.
PRÁTICAS PEDAGÓGICAS QUE ARTICULAM A EDUCAÇÃO DO CAMPO COM O ENSINO DE CIÊNCIAS: UMA REVISÃO DAS PUBLICAÇÕES DA REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE EDUCAÇÃO DO CAMPO
Authors: Dos Santos dos Santos Graciele , DE OLIVEIRA SALGUEIRO DE MOURA ANA CAROLINA
Published: August 2020

A investigação apresentada nesse artigo tem como objetivo identificar práticas pedagógicas que articulam a Educação do Campo com o Ensino de Ciências de maneira contextualizada, mobilizam conhecimentos prévios, contextualizam o conhecimento científico e possibilitam o aprender em ação. Com abordagem qualitativa essa pesquisa também se caracteriza como bibliográfica, com levantamento, sistematização e análise de materiais publicados na Revista Brasileira de Educação do Campo – RBEC acerca de diferentes estratégias e metodologias de ensino que integram a Educação do Campo e o Ensino de Ciências. Os resultados apontam várias maneiras de se articular a Educação do Campo com o Ensino de Ciências por meio de práticas pedagógicas que envolvem: softwares educacionais; modelagem matemática; jogos matemáticos; fenômenos como mediadores dos conhecimentos; Ciência, Tecnologia, Sociedade e Ambiente (CTSA); Ciência, Tecnologia e Sociedade (CTS); temas geradores; júri simulado; tempestade cerebral e abordagem intercultural. Essa diversidade de práticas possibilita adaptação das mesmas de acordo com a disciplina, o nível de ensino e os contextos locais.