bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Os professores de geografia na perspectiva da educação especial e inclusiva
Authors: Brinco Lucian Armindo da Silva
Published: May 2021

O objetivo deste estudo é analisar as experiências, percepções e/ou perspectivas dos professores de geografia em relação aos aspectos da educação especial e inclusiva. Como o desenvolvimento do mesmo se dá durante a pandemia do coronavírus (COVID-19), utiliza-se dos recursos online para obter as respostas de seis (6) docentes, que lecionam em escolas da região central do Estado do RS. Desse modo, os resultados mostram que eles, em geral, não se sentem aptos para trabalharem na perspectiva da escolarização dos alunos com Necessidades Educacionais Especiais (NEEs), dada a época de suas formações acadêmicas. Apenas uma (1) docente também está inserida em cursos de formação continuada na área de educação especial. Colocam, ainda, que as facilidades da inclusão escolar recaem no apoio da família e no Atendimento Educacional Especializado (AEE) e as dificuldades se dão na falta dos mesmos. Por fim, eles enfatizam que existem muitas questões, seja no âmbito das políticas educacionais ou no sistema de ensino e aprendizagem em sua totalidade, que precisam ser reavaliadas, para que os educandos com NEEs se sintam, de fato, incluídos.
Canções libertárias no ensino: a compreensão do sertão nordestino na geografia escolar
Authors: Xavier Léon Denis Ferreira , Oliveira Christian Dennys Monteiro de
Published: May 2021

O presente trabalho tem origem em um projeto de licenciatura em Geografia, como foco na perspectiva das artes como leitura das paisagens patrimoniais latino-americanas. Baseando-se em alguns princípios das abordagens libertárias e fenomenológicas da geografia escolar para entender o poder do sujeito nas suas ações cotidianas, apropriou-se de uma ferramenta artística, a canção musical, ainda considerada “alternativa” no ensino básico. O conteúdo trabalhado por meio da intervenção em sala de aula foi o Sertão Nordestino. E as canções foram selecionadas por contraste associativo (tradicional X não usual). Tendo em vista que arte música é portadora de uma geograficidade, buscou-se compreender a paisagem sertaneja como compreensão de um mundo vivido, sem engessamentos formais e acessível ao educando. O resultado da reflexão proposta demonstra possibilidade musical em sala de aula, como estratégia fácil e competente na compreensão de conteúdos geográficos.
O papel do TCC na formação do professor pesquisador: o caso da licenciatura em geografia do IFRN
Authors: Saraiva Junior João Correia
Published: May 2021

A etapa de produção do Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (TCC) é marcada por diversos desafios que exercem um importante papel na criação e/ou desenvolvimento de pesquisadores. Nos cursos de licenciatura, desenvolver uma pesquisa na forma de TCC é uma tarefa que se coloca diante dos desafios da formação de professores-pesquisadores. Tendo isso em vista, o objetivo geral deste artigo é discorrer sobre o papel do Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso na formação de futuros profissionais da educação geográfica, tendo como estudo de caso o curso de Licenciatura em Geografia do IFRN. A metodologia é baseada em revisão conceitual, aplicação de questionários e síntese dos dados coletados. Tendo os dados sido analisados, os resultados apontam que, na Licenciatura em Geografia do IFRN, os impactos da produção do TCC têm sido positivos na formação de professores-pesquisadores, embora existam entraves que necessitam da atenção, principalmente, do corpo docente na geração de um ambiente propício à construção do conhecimento de maneira colaborativa.
Assessment of the health status of conscripts
Authors: Chernov D. A.
Published: May 2021

Object:to determine the development of researches in the world literature on the problem of conscripts health status assesment and to form a direction for further improvement in the interests of the medical service of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Belarus.

Materials.Original publications and literature reviews containing information on the health status and morbidity of conscripts were studied and analyzed.

Results.The most important aspects concerning the possibilities of using the assessment of the health status of conscripts are highlighted.

Conclusion.The presented analysis of scientific publications on the morbidity of conscripts in the world and in the Republic of Belarus reflects the need for the development of theoretical and applied developments dedicated to the generalized (integral) assessment of the health status of this contingent in order to improve the system of medical support of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Belarus.
Influence of physical exercise on cardiovascular parameters in students with different types of blood flow autoregulation
Authors: Melnik S. N. , Belaya L. A.
Published: May 2021

Objective:to assess cardiovascular parameters in medical students depending on the type of blood flow autoregulation during physical exercise.

Material and methods.We examined 58 students whose average age was 19 ± 1.13 years. During the examination, we recorded electrocardiograms (ECG), registered the parameters of central hemodynamics and determined systolic and diastolic blood pressure and heart rate. We performed the comparison of the parameters of the cardiovascular system (CVS) in students with different types of blood flow autoregulation (BFA) (cardiac, cardiovascular and vascular) during physical exercise.

Results.The study has identified the dynamics of electrocardiographic and rheographic parameters during physical exercise expressed in excessive activation of energy resources and strain of the CVS functioning in young men with the cardiac type of BFA, which provides adaptation to short-term effects of disturbing environmental factors. On the contrary, the vascular type of BFA is the most economical, and this type of CVS has a wide range of the function mobilization to long-term physical activity.

Conclusion.The study has found statistically significant differences in the cardiovascular parameters in the students with different types of blood flow autoregulation during physical activity.
Dialectical Moralism, National Interest, and Foreign Policy: The Case of United States and Pakistan
Authors: Muhammad Nadeem Mirza  , Summar Iqbal Babar
Published: May 2021

US foreign policy throughout the history is replete with the moralistic rhetoric – pursuance of American moral principles embodied in the declaration of independence, constitution, and in the repeated doctrines of the American presidents. Yet the careful examination of its foreign policy reveals that it remained mostly amoral in nature, that is, devoid of any moral or immoral essence. It has mostly pursued the national self-interest which remained dynamic because of the changing geopolitical environment of the region and the world. Use of religion since Pakistan’s independence to align with it against godless communist Soviet Union, neglecting Pakistan’s nuclear program because of the greater national self-interest during 1980s, supporting military governments in Pakistan while being the biggest proponent of democracy in the world, use of drone warfare while violating the sovereignty and international law, are few of the amoralistic policies being pursued by the United States towards Pakistan. The study concludes that the United States have/will continue to use the moral rhetoric as a leverage to pressurise or entice Pakistan to do its bidding and in the case of failing, to utilise the same rhetoric as a tool to distance itself from Pakistan, when its national interests are served.
O papel da matemática na relação do homem com a realidade: algumas questões e reflexões
Authors: Leal Valessa , Kubrusly Ricardo , Siqueira Angelo , Valente Sicleidi
Published: May 2021

O artigo trata das primeiras reflexões de uma tese que tem a proposta de apresentar a matemática como uma produção da mente humana, que recebe forte influência de fatores intrínsecos ao homem, como aspectos culturais e sociais, entre outros. Para isto, trazemos algumas questões sobre o papel da matemática na relação do homem com a realidade. Neste contexto, o objetivo do presente estudo é mostrar como percebemos as interações do ser humano com a matemática nos mais diferentes cenários e a posição que ela ocupa em cada um deles. O trabalho destaca a matemática como uma interessante invenção do homem na busca de representação da realidade, que acabou por tornar-se associada às ideias de verdade e certeza sobre as coisas do mundo.
Perspectivas de um framework para a gênese de um (meta-)paradigma pluralista na ciência econômica
Authors: De Carvalho Azevedo Anache Marcelo , Da Costa Laurencel Luiz , Benevenuto Guisard Koehler Carlos
Published: May 2021

A partir da discussão da abordagem kuhniana de paradigma com insights da sociologia do conhecimento, esse artigo apresenta as perspectivas da construção de um framework para a gênese de um (meta-)paradigma pluralista na ciência econômica. Após uma introdução sobre o tema, descrevendo a importância do fenômeno do pluralismo na ciência econômica, o tópico seguinte aborda a ascensão do pluralismo e as terminologias da Economia Neoclássica e Heterodoxa. Em seguida, se discute a construção de um (meta-)paradigma, demonstrando que seu objetivo é suavizar o trajeto para uma prática orientada para o pluralismo. Ao final, a conclusão resumirá as principais questões apresentadas.
O inevitável exercício de todas as lógicas na meditação
Authors: Moreno Esteban Lopez , Gomes Mercio Pereira
Published: May 2021

Neste artigo ampliamos a trilha já percorrida pelo personagem Pedro, criado pelo filósofo carioca Luiz Sérgio Coelho de Sampaio em seu esforço para tornar mais acessível o seu Sistema Lógico Hiperdialético (SHL). Mostraremos Pedro agora em sua trajetória de praticar meditação, na qual se desvelam operantes os quatro modos básicos de ser e de pensar: a lógica de Identidade (I), a lógica da diferença (D), a dialética (I/D), a lógica sistêmica (D/2), e mais um pensar síntese das anteriores, correspondente à lógica hiperdialética (I/D/2). A cada um desses modos corresponde um modo de percepção da realidade.
The impact of volcanic eruptions of different magnitude on stratospheric water vapor in the tropics
Authors: Kroll Clarissa Alicia , Dacie Sally , Azoulay Alon , Schmidt Hauke , Timmreck Claudia
Published: May 2021

Abstract. Increasing the temperature of the tropical cold-point region through heating by volcanic aerosols results in increases in the entry value of stratospheric water vapor (SWV) and subsequent changes in the atmospheric energy budget. We analyze tropical volcanic eruptions of different strengths with
sulfur (S) injections ranging from 2.5 Tg S up to 40 Tg S using EVAens, the 100-member ensemble of the Max Planck Institute – Earth System Model in its low-resolution configuration (MPI-ESM-LR) with artificial volcanic forcing generated by the Easy Volcanic Aerosol (EVA) tool. Significant increases in SWV are found for the mean over all ensemble members from 2.5 Tg S onward ranging between [5, 160] %. However, for single ensemble members, the standard deviation between the control run members (0 Tg S) is larger than SWV increase of single ensemble members for eruption strengths up to 20 Tg S.
A historical simulation using observation-based forcing files of the Mt. Pinatubo eruption, which was estimated to have emitted (7.5±2.5) Tg S, returns SWV increases slightly higher than the 10 Tg S EVAens simulations due to differences in the aerosol profile shape. An additional amplification of the tape recorder signal is also apparent, which is not present in the 10 Tg S run. These differences underline that it is not only the eruption volume but also the aerosol layer shape and location with respect to the cold point that have to be considered for post-eruption SWV increases.
The additional tropical clear-sky SWV forcing for the different eruption strengths amounts to [0.02, 0.65] W m−2, ranging between [2.5, 4] % of the aerosol radiative forcing in the 10 Tg S scenario. The monthly cold-point temperature increases leading to the SWV increase are not linear with respect to aerosol optical depth (AOD) nor is the corresponding SWV forcing, among others, due to hysteresis effects, seasonal dependencies, aerosol profile heights and feedbacks. However, knowledge of the cold-point temperature increase allows for an estimation of SWV increases of 12 % per Kelvin increase in mean cold-point temperature. For yearly averages, power functions are fitted to the cold-point warming and SWV forcing with increasing AOD.
Fifty-six years of surface solar radiation and sunshine duration over São Paulo, Brazil: 1961–2016
Authors: Yamasoe Marcia Akemi , Rosário Nilton Manuel Évora , Almeida Samantha Novaes Santos Martins , Wild Martin
Published: May 2021

Abstract. A total of 56 years (1961–2016) of daily surface downward solar
irradiation, sunshine duration, diurnal temperature range and the fraction
of the sky covered by clouds in the city of São Paulo, Brazil, were
analysed. The main purpose was to contribute to the characterization and
understanding of the dimming and brightening effects on solar global
radiation in this part of South America. As observed in most of the previous
studies worldwide, in this study, during the period between 1961 and the early
1980s, a negative trend in surface solar irradiation was detected in
São Paulo, characterizing the occurrence of a dimming effect. Sunshine
duration and the diurnal temperature range also presented negative trends,
in opposition to the positive trend observed in the cloud cover fraction.
However, a brightening effect, as observed in western industrialized
countries in more recent years, was not observed. Instead, for surface
downward irradiation, the negative trend persisted, with a trend of −0.13 MJ m−2 per decade, with a p value of 0.006, for the 56 years of data and
in consonance with the cloud cover fraction increasing trend, but not
statistically significant, of 0.3 % per decade (p value = 0.198). The
trends for sunshine duration and the diurnal temperature range, by contrast,
changed signal, as confirmed by a piecewise linear regression model. Some
possible causes for the discrepancy are discussed, such as the frequency of
fog occurrence, urban heat island effects, horizontal visibility (as a proxy
for aerosol loading variability) and greenhouse gas concentration increase.
Future studies on the aerosol effect are planned, particularly with higher
temporal resolution, as well as modelling studies, to better analyse the
contribution of each possible cause.
Intercomparison of thermal–optical carbon measurements by Sunset and Desert Research Institute (DRI) analyzers using the IMPROVE_A protocol
Authors: Zhang Xiaolu , Trzepla Krystyna , White Warren , Raffuse Sean , Hyslop Nicole Pauly
Published: May 2021

Abstract. Thermal–optical analysis (TOA) is a class of methods widely used for
determining organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC) in atmospheric
aerosols collected on filters. Results from TOA vary not only with differences
in operating protocols for the analysis, but also with details of the
instrumentation with which a given protocol is carried out. Three models of
TOA carbon analyzers have been used for the IMPROVE_A protocol in the past
decade within the Chemical Speciation Network (CSN). This study presents
results from intercomparisons of these three analyzer models using two sets
of CSN quartz filter samples, all analyzed using the IMPROVE_A protocol with
reflectance charring correction. One comparison was between the Sunset model
5L (Sunset) analyzers and the Desert Research Institute (DRI) model 2015
(DRI-2015) analyzers using 4073 CSN samples collected in 2017. The other
comparison was between the Sunset and the DRI model 2001 (DRI-2001) analyzers
using 303 CSN samples collected in 2007. Both comparisons showed a high degree of inter-model consistency in total
carbon (TC) and the major carbon fractions, OC and EC, with a mean bias within
5 % for TC and OC and within 12 % for EC. Relatively
larger and diverse inter-model discrepancies (mean biases of
5 %–140 %) were found for thermal subfractions of OC
and EC (i.e., OC1–OC4 and EC1–EC3), with better agreement observed for
subfractions with higher mass loadings and smaller within-model
uncertainties. Optical charring correction proved critical in bringing OC and
EC measurements by different TOA analyzer models into agreement. Appreciable
inter-model differences in EC between Sunset and DRI-2015 (mean bias ±SD of 21.7 %±12.2 %) remained for ∼5 % of the 2017 CSN samples; examination of these analysis
thermograms revealed that the optical measurement (i.e., filter reflectance
and transmittance) saturated in the presence of strong absorbing materials on
the filter (e.g., EC), leaving an insufficient dynamic range for the detection of
carbon pyrolysis and thus no optical charring correction. Differences in
instrument parameters and configuration, possibly related to disagreement in OC
and EC subfractions, are also discussed. Our results provide a basis for future studies of uncertainties associated
with the TOA analyzer model transition in assessing long-term trends of CSN
carbon data. Further investigations using these data are warranted, focusing on
the demonstrated inter-model differences in OC and EC subfractions. The
within- and inter-model uncertainties are useful for model performance
evaluation.
The Bouraké semi-enclosed lagoon (New Caledonia). A natural laboratory to study the life-long adaptation of a coral reef ecosystem to climate change-like conditions
Authors: Maggioni Federica , Pujo-Pay Mireille , Aucan Jérome , Cerrano Carlo , Calcinai Barbara , Payri Claude , Benzoni Francesca , Letourneur Yves , Rodolfo-Metalpa Riccardo
Published: May 2021

Abstract. According to current experimental evidence, coral reefs could disappear within the century if CO2 emissions remain unabated. However, recent discoveries of diverse and high cover reefs that already thrive under extreme conditions seem to contradict these projections. Volcanic CO2 vents, semi-enclosed lagoons and mangrove estuaries are unique study sites where one or more ecologically relevant parameters for life in the oceans are close or even worse than currently projected for the year 2100. These natural analogues of future conditions hold new hope for the future of coral reefs and provide unique natural laboratories to explore how reef species could keep pace with climate change. To achieve this, it is essential to characterize their environment as a whole, and accurately consider all possible environmental factors that may differ from what is expected in the future and that may possibly alter the ecosystem response. In this study, we focus on the semi-enclosed lagoon of Bouraké (New Caledonia, SW Pacific Ocean) where a healthy reef ecosystem thrives in warm, acidified and deoxygenated water. We used a multi-scale approach to characterize the main physical-chemical parameters and mapped the benthic community composition (i.e., corals, sponges, and macroalgae). The data revealed that most physical and chemical parameters are regulated by the tide, strongly fluctuate 3 to 4 times a day, and are entirely predictable. The seawater pH and dissolved oxygen decrease during falling tide and reach extreme low values at low tide (7.2 pHT and 1.9 mg O2 L−1 at Bouraké, vs 7.9 pHT and 5.5 mg O2 L−1 at reference reefs). Dissolved oxygen, temperature, and pH fluctuates according to the tide of up to 4.91 mg O2 L−1, 6.50 °C, and 0.69 pHT units on a single day. Furthermore, the concentration of most of the chemical parameters was one- to 5-times higher at the Bouraké lagoon, particularly for organic and inorganic carbon and nitrogen, but also for some nutrients, notably silicates. Surprisingly, despite extreme environmental conditions and altered seawater chemical composition, our results reveal a diverse and high cover community of macroalgae, sponges and corals accounting for 28, 11 and 66 species, respectively. Both environmental variability and nutrient imbalance might contribute to their survival under such extreme environmental conditions. We describe the natural dynamics of the Bouraké ecosystem and its relevance as a natural laboratory to investigate the benthic organism’s adaptive responses to multiple stressors like future climate change conditions.
Surface-water purification using cellulose paper impregnated with silver nanoparticles
Authors: Raheem Shahad A. , Alfatlawi Alaa H.
Published: May 2021

Abstract. The objective of this study is to prepare a cellulose paper that was impregnated with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) for the purpose of water
purification (disinfection and filtration). AgNP papers were prepared by chemical reduction of silver nitrate (AgNO3) with various
concentrations (0.005 M, 0.015 M, 0.03 M, and 0.05 M) using sodium borohydride (NaBH4) as a reducing
agent. Two ratios for NaBH4/AgNO3 of 2:1 and 10:1 were used to show the effect of reduction on the formation and removal
efficiencies of AgNPs. AgNP papers were characterized using scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. An acid digestion
using HCl acid followed by analyzing the samples in an atomic absorption spectrometer (ASS) was conducted to measure the silver concentration in AgNP
papers. TEM images showed that the silver nanoparticle size in the papers varied from 1.3 to 75 nm. Water samples, after filtration through AgNP papers, were analyzed using ASS to measure the silver concentration in the effluent water. AgNP paper
antibacterial efficiency ranged from 99 % to 100 % for both reduction ratios. The average silver content in the effluent water for the three
replicates ranged from 0 to 0.082 mg L−1, which meets the United States Environmental Protection Agency (US-EPA) guideline for drinking
water of less than 0.1 mg L−1. Turbidity tests showed that these papers can be usefully used as point-of-use filters as the turbidity
reduced to less than 1 NTU (Nephelometric Turbidity Units).
Weather extremes over Europe under 1.5 and 2.0 °C global warming from HAPPI regional climate ensemble simulations
Authors: Sieck Kevin , Nam Christine , Bouwer Laurens M. , Rechid Diana , Jacob Daniela
Published: May 2021

Abstract. This paper presents a novel dataset of regional climate model simulations over Europe that significantly improves our ability to detect changes in weather extremes under low and moderate levels of global warming. This is a unique and physically consistent dataset, as it is derived from a large ensemble of regional climate model simulations. These simulations were driven by two global climate models from the international HAPPI consortium. The set consists of 100×10-year simulations and 25×10-year simulations, respectively. These large ensembles allow for regional climate change and weather extremes to be investigated with an improved signal-to-noise ratio compared to previous climate simulations. To demonstrate how adaptation-relevant information can be derived from the HAPPI dataset, changes in four climate indices for periods with 1.5 and
2.0 ∘C global warming are quantified. These indices include
number of days per year with daily mean near-surface apparent temperature of >28 ∘C (ATG28); the yearly maximum 5-day sum of
precipitation (RX5day); the daily precipitation intensity of the 50-year
return period (RI50yr); and the annual consecutive dry days (CDDs). This work shows that even for a small signal in projected global mean temperature, changes of extreme temperature and precipitation indices can be robustly estimated. For temperature-related indices changes in percentiles can also be estimated with high confidence. Such data can form the basis for tailor-made climate information that can aid adaptive measures at policy-relevant scales, indicating potential impacts at low levels of global warming at steps of 0.5 ∘C.
Projected changes in Rhine River flood seasonality under global warming
Authors: Rottler Erwin , Bronstert Axel , Bürger Gerd , Rakovec Oldrich
Published: May 2021

Abstract. Climatic change alters the frequency and intensity of natural hazards. In order to assess potential future changes in flood seasonality in the Rhine River basin, we analyse changes in streamflow, snowmelt, precipitation and evapotranspiration at 1.5, 2.0 and 3.0 ∘C global warming levels. The mesoscale hydrological model (mHM) forced with an ensemble of climate projection scenarios (five general circulation models under three representative concentration pathways) is used to simulate the present and future climate conditions of both pluvial and nival hydrological regimes. Our results indicate that future changes in flood characteristics in the Rhine River basin are controlled by increases in antecedent precipitation and diminishing snowpacks. In the pluvial-type sub-basin of the Moselle River, an increasing flood potential due to increased antecedent precipitation encounters declining snowpacks during winter. The decrease in snowmelt seems to counterbalance increasing precipitation, resulting in only small and transient changes in streamflow maxima. For the Rhine Basin at Basel, rising temperatures cause changes from solid to liquid precipitation, which enhance the overall increase in precipitation sums, particularly in the cold season. At the gauge at Basel, the strongest increases in streamflow maxima show up during winter, when strong increases in liquid precipitation encounter almost unchanged snowmelt-driven runoff. The analysis of snowmelt events for the gauge at Basel suggests that at no point in time during the snowmelt season does a warming climate result in an increase in the risk of snowmelt-driven flooding. Snowpacks are increasingly depleted with the course of the snowmelt season. We do not find indications of a transient merging of pluvial and nival floods due to climate warming. To refine attained results, next steps need to be the representation of glaciers and lakes in the model set-up, the coupling of simulations to a streamflow component model and an independent validation of the snow routine using satellite-based snow cover maps.
Pemberian Dosis yang Berbeda Melalui Rotifer dan Artemia Diperkaya dengan Probiotik Bacillus Sp Terhadap Tingkat Ketahanan Stres Larva Kepiting Bakau (Scylla olivacea) dan Populasi Bakteri
Authors: Nursyahran Nursyahran , Hasri Hasri
Published: May 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian probiotik Bacillus sp melalui Rotifer dan Artemia dengan dosis yang berbeda terhadap tingkat ketahanan stres zoea kepiting bakau (S. olivacea). Penelitan ini dilaksanakan di Balai Budidaya Air Payau (BBAP), Desa Bontoloe, Kecamatan Galesong Selatan, Kaupaten Takalar, Sulawesi Selatan dari bulan Maret sampai Juni 2012. Hewan uji yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah larva kepiting bakau stadia zoea. Larva tersebut diperoleh dari hasil penetasan di Balai Budidaya Air Payau Takalar. Rancangan Percobaan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari 4 perlakuan 3 ulangan. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis ragam dan uji tukey digunakan untuk mengetahui perbedaan antar perlakuan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ketahanan larva kepiting bakau terhadap stres tertinggi dicapai pada perlakuan dengan dosis 0.1 g/L (perlakuan C) dan terendah pada perlakuan dengan dosis 0.0 g/L (perlakuan A).  Hasil analisis ragam menunjukkan bahwa perbedaan dosis probiotik Bacillus sp melalui rotifer dan artemia berpengaruh sangat nyata (P<0.01) terhadap tingkat stres larva kepiting bakau stadia zoea sampai megalopaSementara kualitas air Suhu media untuk semua perlakuan berkisar 26.7-29.4 oC, oksigen terlarut 5,37 – 6,37 ppm, pH 7.5-8.0 dan amonia 0.003-0.009 ppm
Komposisi Penggunaan Zeolit pada Palka Ikan Berinsulasi untuk Mempertahankan Mutu Hasil Tangkapan
Authors: Husniati Husniati , Adam Adam , Lendri Lendri
Published: May 2021

Selain es, perlu penambahan zeolit dalam palka ikan untuk mempertahankan mutu hasil tangkapan, namun belum diketahui berapa komposisi zeolite yang digunakan.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menguji komposisi zeolite yang cocok untuk menghambat bakteri pada tubuh ikan.  Penelitian ini dilakukan selama 8 bulan, berupa pengambilan sampel pada nelayan Kabupaten Barru  dan pengamatan  di Workshop Alat Tangkap Jurusan Penangkapan Ikan  pada bulan Juni sampai Agustus 2019.  Penelitian ini menggunakan 3 perlakuan dengan komposisi ikan : es : Zeolit , masing-masing  3x ulangan menggunakan score sheet uji organoleptic ikan.  Data hasil pengamatan dianalisis dengan analisis sidik ragam ( analysis of variance) menggunakan SPSS V. 16.  Bila hasil dari analisis sidik ragam memperlihatkan pengaruh nyata, maka dilanjutkan dengan uji BNT.Hasil penelitian diperoleh rata-rata nilai score sheet tertinggi sebesar 8,6 pada perlakuan A2(1:1:2), selanjutnya pada perlakuan A1(1:1:1) sebesar 8,4, dan terendah pada perlakuan A3 (1:1:3) sebesar 6,6.Hasil analisis sidik ragam menunjukkan penggunaan komposisi zeolite pada palka ikan berpengaruh nyata(P<0,05) terhadap mutu hasil tangkapan.Hasil uji lanjut BNT menunjukkan perlakuan A1 tidak berbeda nyata dengan perlakuan A2, namun berbeda nyata dengan perlakuan A3.sehingga  komposisi zeolite yang cocok untuk menghambat bakteri pada tubuh ikan adalah perlakuan A1dan A2.
Spanish Legal Reproscape: The Making of a Bio-Industry
Authors: Alkorta Itziar
Published: May 2021

Europe accounts for the largest number of assisted reproduction treatments (ARTs) in the world, with 56 percent of the global reproductive market quota, followed by Asia (23 percent) and North America (15 percent). However, Europe’s legal landscape of reproductive bio-commodities is a patchwork of permissive and restrictive countries, one of the main reasons for the transnational movement to access ARTs. Spain is the main destination for European middle- and upper-class couples seeking egg donation. The use of legislation has been a significant feature in making Spain a leading country in the global reproscape. This paper aims to understand the specific role of several undetermined legal concepts used by the Spanish regulation, such as “compensation” or “best interest of the child” in making global reproductive bio-commodities.
Michael D. White & Aili Malm (2020) Cops, Cameras, and Crisis: The Potential and the Perils of Police Body-Worn Cameras. New York: New York University Press
Authors: Schofield Katherine
Published: May 2021

Katherine Schofield reviews Cops, Cameras, and Crisis: The Potential and the Perils of Police Body-Worn Cameras.
Roger Brownsword (2020) Law 3.0: Rules, Regulation and Technology. Abingdon: Routledge
Authors: Downey Cameron
Published: May 2021

Cameron Downey reviews Roger Brownsword (2020) Law 3.0: Rules, Regulation and Technology.
Formação e mercado para o intérprete de conferências
Authors: de Filippis Quental Raffaella
Published: May 2021

Podemos afirmar que a figura do intérprete está presente na história da civilização humana desde sempre, a partir da necessidade de comunicação entre povos que falam línguas diferentes. Alguns dos registros históricos mais marcantes incluem uma imagem em baixo-relevo encontrada na tumba do faraó Horemheb, que reinou em Mênfis como sucessor de Tutancâmon no antigo Egito (século XIV a.C.), em que o intérprete aparece como uma figura dupla, virada para os dois lados, entre o faraó e emissários sírios e líbios (DELISLE e WOODSWORTH, 1995).
A atuação do intérprete comunitário junto às comunidades migrantes no Brasil
Authors: Avelaneda Origuela Daniella
Published: May 2021

A pesquisa sobre Interpretação Comunitária se insere em diferentes campos do conhecimento, desde os estudos de migrações contemporâneas, direitos humanos, direitos linguísticos, políticas públicas e, evidentemente nos Estudos da Tradução e Interpretação. Estamos, portanto, tratando de uma área multidisciplinar e que, por ser relativamente recente como campo de pesquisa e prática, encontra-se em disputa por diversos setores.
Traduzir línguas próximas: a formação de tradutores do par português-espanhol desde uma perspectiva colaborativa
Authors: Macedo de Oliveira Bruna
Published: May 2021

O interesse pela comparação entre as línguas portuguesa e espanhola sempre esteve presente em meu percurso acadêmico. Ainda na graduação, durante o bacharelado e a licenciatura em português-espanhol na Faculdade de Filosofia, Letras e Ciências Humanas e na Faculdade de Educação, ambas na Universidade de São Paulo, as disciplinas de língua me chamavam a atenção, especialmente por jogarem luzes sobre a questão do contraste entre a minha língua materna, o português, e o espanhol.
Traduzindo quadrinhos e outros ambientes multissemióticos: desafios e competências
Authors: Clayton da Silva Adriano
Published: May 2021

É muito fácil perceber na atualidade que nós, seres humanos (boa parte, pelo menos), estamos usando formas cada vez mais diversificadas e integradas de canais, códigos e mensagens para nossa comunicação diária. Nem é preciso citar aqui algum estudo comprovatório: podemos ver isso a cada vez que usamos o aplicativo WhatsApp e encontramos mensagens de texto sem emojis e com emojis, gifs, mensagens de áudio, fotos compartilhadas, memes, links para páginas da internet, entre outras possibilidades. Cada um desses elementos exige uma forma de transmissão específica (palavras, imagens estáticas ou em movimento, símbolos, vozes...) e igualmente exige processos cognitivos de reconhecimento e compreensão específicos tanto no emissor quanto no receptor da mensagem (saber ler, reconhecer expressões básicas de emoção, reconhecer pessoas e objetos em imagens, ouvir e reconhecer uma língua oral...).
Etno-historiografia da tradução: o caso das populações negras no Brasil
Authors: Silva Reis Dennys
Published: May 2021

O domínio “História da tradução” talvez seja uma das áreas que mais foram impulsionadas nos últimos anos nos Estudos da Tradução. É crescente o número de publicações que visam a buscar métodos historiográficos, descrever tradições nacionais e detalhar casos específicos de circulação, publicação e recepção de textos traduzidos. Além disso, cabe lembrar que, ao falar de “história da tradução”, inclui-se igualmente tradução escrita e tradução oral. Esta última – também chamada de interpretação – ainda é pouco estudada, se comparada à história da tradução escrita em inúmeras tradições nacionais.
Tradução de Poesia
Authors: Tavares Alves Cláudia
Published: May 2021

Há uma conhecida citação do poeta norte-americano Robert Frost em que ele teria dito algo mais ou menos assim: a poesia é aquilo que se perde na tradução. A referência a Frost é recorrente em artigos e livros sobre poesia e tradução e, especificamente no caso dos estudos realizados no Brasil, aparece em pelo menos dois dos textos fundamentais sobre o tema: no livro Oficina de tradução: a teoria na prática (2007), da pesquisadora e professora Rosemary Arrojo, e no artigo “A poesia é traduzível?” (2012), do poeta e tradutor Ivan Junqueira. Nos dois casos, no entanto, a lembrança de tal afirmação de Frost funciona como uma espécie de escada contra argumentativa para se chegar às respectivas reflexões desejadas sobre tradução – isto é, pensando em tradução literária e, especificamente, na tradução poética, é possível concordar com Frost quando pensamos que algo irá se perder na passagem de uma língua para outra; porém, ainda assim, seria possível alcançar uma experiência estética interessante por meio de poemas traduzidos, reconhecendo-lhes, para além das perdas inerentes ao processo tradutório, ganhos poéticos de outra ordem.
Psicanálise e (in)tradução: quem buscar o ‘pópatapátaio’ do anti-léxico levará um pé na sua ‘bolaca de tcherpo’!
Authors: Thérèsa Mariette Lery-Lachaume Marie-Lou
Published: May 2021

Diversos desafios se colocam para quem se propõe a pensar a dobradiça “Psicanálise e Tradução” com o intuito de desenferrujá-la. Sem cair na precipitação do pensamento por analogia, como é possível encostar teoricamente Psicanálise e Tradução, preservando ao mesmo tempo a singularidade das duas práticas? Como friccioná-las para que, ao se instruírem reciprocamente, a irredutibilidade das tarefas traduzinte e analisante surja renovada sob uma nova luz? Enfim, desafio mais escaldante ainda, como tornar a articulação efetivamente frutífera? Esse conjunto de indagações por certo não será aqui desenvolvido, mas abordado pelo viés da análise dos frutos recolhidos na sequência de uma experiência particular: a oficina que ofereci durante o evento “E por falar em tradução” (8/12/2020 – UNICAMP), cujo título inicial, “Psicanálise e Tradução” tornou-se, após o acontecimento da oficina, “Psicanálise e Intradução”. Ao expor diversas facetas do dispositivo proposto nessa ocasião, este texto visa interpretar retrospectivamente esse giro que, longe de ser uma pirueta meramente retórica, é significativo do vigor vivificador da articulação que nos interessa.
Nihkitimahkinawow ekwa Nihkitimahkisin: Pity and Compassion in Cree Law
Authors: Baker-Grenier Nigel
Published: May 2021

In Nêhiyawêwin (Plains Cree language), kitimahkinawaw translates as “to takepity on someone”. Kitimahkinawaw describes the quality of a person’s actions when theyshow kindness, pity, and compassion towards others. Cree law includes a responsibilityto treat others with kitimahkinawaw, which encompasses a duty to care for the elderly,poor, homeless, and sick. Further, it requires us to treat people who are harmful withfairness and compassion. The purpose of kitimahkinawaw is to mitigate suffering,especially the struggles experienced by marginalized people. Kitimahkisin means “apitiful person”. Kitimahkisin includes a recognition that we are dependent uponpakwataskamik (the land), Kisemanito (Creator), and each other for our sustenance.Each person has a gift and we have a responsibility to use these gifts to benefit society,for we are all kitimahkisin. The author argues that kitimahkinawaw and kitimahkisin arelegal principles within the Cree legal order which guide relationships between the manyanimate beings within Cree epistemology. The author draws upon âtayôhkêwin (stories),Nêhiyawêwin, and Indigenous legal theory to illustrate the complexities and nuanceswithin the principles of kitimahkinawow and kitimahkisin. Kitimahkinawow andkitimahkisin are living laws which obtain meaning through the practice of caring for thepoor and marginalized.
A força da palavra dos vulnerabilizados pela desigualdade social: Paulo Freire e comunidades ribeirinhas no Marajó
Authors: Carmo Eunápio Dutra do , Carmo Éder Dutra do
Published: May 2021

This article, based on Paulo Freire’s contributions, analyzes the collective experiences of riverside communities of the Marajó Archipelago, Pará, Brazil, in search of guaranteeing rights. It starts with the idea of ​​education as a political act (FREIRE, 1987, 1992, 1996) and the critical discussion about the capitalist-colonial development model (CASTRO, 2010) to think and act in the face of the current social vulnerability. Methodologically, the line of interdisciplinary reflection in the fields of Popular Education and Sociology, which characterizes the critical approach of the article, was adopted. The primary sources came from the valorization of the word in conversation circles, from workshops on social organization and from the affirmation of culture in community activities. The results point to initiatives for the formation of residents’ associations, qualification for income generation activities and the recognition of the value of riverside communities as holders of histories, potencies and socio-territorial rights.
Microorganisms Isolated from Wound Samples and Their Antibiotic Resistance Rates
Authors: Köse Ezgi , Çalışkan Emel , Memiş Nagihan , Dönmez Betül , Duran Pelin
Published: May 2021

In this study, it was aimed to contribute to available epidemiological data and guide empirical treatment by determining the distribution and antibiotic susceptibility of pathogenic microorganisms isolated from wound samples sent to the microbiology laboratory of our hospital. The agents of wound infection sent to our laboratory between 02.01.2017 and 20.07.2020 were retrospectively analyzed. The microorganisms grown were identified by conventional microbiological methods together with automated system. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was done by Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method and an automated system and evaluated according to EUCAST criteria. Of the 956 bacteria isolated from 722 samples, 370 (39 %) were order Enterobacterales, 286 (30 %) were Gram positive cocci, 134 (14 %) were Pseudomonas spp., 83 (9 %) were Acinetobacter baumannii and 27 (3 %) were Candida spp. Vancomycin, teicoplanin and linezolid resistance were not found in staphylococci and enterococci. The most effective antibiotic against Staphylococcus aureus was trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SXT) (11 %), and gentamicin (30 %) and TMP-SXT (28 %) for coagulase negative staphylococci (CNS). Ciprofloxacin (48 %) and levofloxacin (58 %) resistance was higher in enterococci compared to other antibiotics. In addition, Klebsiella spp. strains have higher resistance rates than other Enterobacterales genus strains while A. baumannii and Pseudomonas spp. strains had the lowest resistance rate against colistin (1 %). Antibiotic resistance was higher in intensive care units than in other clinics, except for enterococci. In our study, it was observed that many species of bacteria and fungi could be an agent in wound infection, and high rates of resistance developed against antibiotics. Therefore, it was thought that the treatments should be regulated by performing culture and antibiogram procedures on all samples for which wound infection is suspected.
Investigation of Ciprofloxacin Resistance and Its Mechanisms in Clinical Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolates
Authors: Uzunbayır Akel Nilüfer , Tekintaş Yamaç , Yılmaz Fethiye Ferda , Öztürk İsmail , Ökeer Mustafa , Aydemir Sabire Şöhret , Çilli Fatma Feriha , Hoşgör- Limoncu Mine
Published: May 2021

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most important causes of hospital infections. Although different antibiotic groups are used for the treatment of P.aeruginosa infections, quinolone groups are distinguished by the advantages of oral administration. However, in recent years, resistance against members of this group has made treatment more difficult. The aim of this study was to investigate the epidemiological relationship and possible mechanisms of resistance in ciprofloxacin resistant P. aeruginosa isolates from Ege University Hospital. The identification of P.aeruginosa bacteria isolated from clinical samples in Ege University Medical Faculty Medical Microbiology Laboratory was determined by VITEK MS automated systems by VITEK compact, antimicrobial susceptibility. The epidemiological relationships of the ciprofloxacin resistant isolates were determined by Enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus-polymerase chain reaction (ERIC-PCR). The presence of qnrA, qnrB, qnrS, qepA genes, the quinolone resistance genes and nfxB, mexR, the regulatory genes of the efflux pump, was determined by PCR. The phenylalanine-arginine β-naphthylamide (PAβN) assay was used to determine the activation of the efflux pump. Twenty-two isolates (26.5 %) were found resistant to ciprofloxacin. According to the ERIC-PCR results, 11 unrelated clones were detected. Ciprofloxacin minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values were decreased 2-64 times in 10 isolates in the presence of PAIN. No ciprofloxacin MIC change was detected in one isolate. The presence of pump regulatory genes was determined in 10 of the 11 representative isolates, while only qnrB of the genes associated with quinolone resistance was detected in seven representative isolates. qnrA, qnrS, qepA genes were not detected in any isolate. Ciprofloxacin resistant P.aeruginosa isolates are isolated from our hospital. It is noteworthy that the isolates belonging to different genetic groups are in circulation in clinics. Basic resistance mechanisms are thought to be efflux pumps and qnrB genes.
Relation between Rheumatological Diseases and MPV Levels with Pulmonary Embolism
Authors: Tabur Ayhan
Published: May 2021

INTRODUCTION: Pulmonary Embolism (PE) is shown as an important health problem all over the world. Many predisposed conditions are known, which are the cause of PE. There are an acquired and genetic risk factors for PE, but in 30% of patients the cause cannot be determined. There are so many and genetic risk factors for PE. However, in %30 of patients the cause aren’t determined. New risk factors are being investigated in recent years. In this study, the relationship between PE and the value of mid platelet volume (MPV) and rheumatological diseases (RH) was studied. METHODS: The records in the hospital database were used in the study. Patients diagnosed with PE between January 2008 and July 2012 were determined retrospectively and 64 patients were included in the study. Among patients diagnosed with PE, those diagnosed with RH and average MPV values of patients were determined. A control group was formed by selecting 64 patients who were not diagnosed with PE and RH from the patients who applied at the same time interval with the case group.Among the patients with PE and who are diagnosed with the RD and whose values of MPV were determined. PE patiends and Rheumatologic patients who are diagnosed with PE and whose values of MPV were compared. RESULTS: As a result of the analyzes, it was determined that there was no significant difference between the case and control groups.
A New Model Consisting Pulmonary Rehabilitation Program For Weaning
Authors: Candemir İpek , Kaymaz Dicle , Aktaş Fatma , Ergün Pınar
Published: May 2021

INTRODUCTION: Our chronic respiratory failure service where we manage the patients with acute /chronic respiratory failure, is a hospital unit with multidisciplinary team with structured integrated pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) and home care unit. The aim of the study was to present our weaning experiences of inpatient hospital service in patients with prolonged mechanical ventilation (MV) and whether multidisciplinary structured inpatient service model could be an alternative method for weaning. METHODS: Twenty-three patients with home invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) who underwent multidisciplinary inpatient PR program and weaning trials were analyzed. Dyspnea scores, body composition, respiratory muscle strength, physicological status, echocardiagraphic measurements before PR and weaning process, duration of IMV (since the opening of the tracheostomy), ABG levels before and 24 hours after weaning were recorded. RESULTS: One patient was with pneumonia, 13 with COPD, 5 with bronchiectasis, 2 with kyphoscoliosis, and 2 with congestive heart failure. The median value of duration of IMV was 126 days. The weaning trial was performed on 15 of 21 patients. Six patients were not found to be appropriate for weaning. 12 of 15 patients were decannulated with 80% weaning success. Four patients were discharged with long term oxygen therapy (LTOT), nocturnal non-IMV, 7 with LTOT, and 1 without device. The patients with weaning failure had higher anxiety depression scores, systolic pulmonary arterial pressures, lower maximum inspiratory, expiratory pressures, and shorter duration of IMV. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: This study showed that chronic respiratory failure inpatients services consisting of multidisciplinary team and integrating PR into patients’ managements could serve as weaning centers in case of absence of specialized centers in prolonged MV.