bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Avaliação postural da coluna vertebral em escolares surdos de 7-21 anos
Authors: Vasconcelos Graziela Arruda Reinaux de , Fernandes Pollyana Radinnê Beserra , Oliveira Daniella Araújo de , Cabral Etenildo Dantas , Silva Lícia Vasconcelos Carvalho da
Published: September 2010

INTRODUÇÃO: A infância e a adolescência são períodos em que a prevenção e o tratamento de alterações posturais decorrentes do mau hábito postural e da sobrecarga biomecânica são mais eficazes, graças à maturação osteomuscular que ocorre nessas fases. OBJETIVOS: Detectar possíveis alterações posturais da coluna vertebral em escolares surdos de 7-21 anos no Centro de Reabilitação e Educação Especial Rotary Club Caruaru. METODOLOGIA: Trinta de dois escolares surdos participaram de uma entrevista sobre dados referentes ao período de instalação e tipo de surdez, dados biológicos, antropométricos e de hábitos posturais, e foram submetidos a uma avaliação postural de acordo com critérios propostos pela literatura. Os dados foram analisados de modo descritivo e a associação entre as variáveis utilizou o teste Qui-Quadrado ou suas variações, por meio do programa SPSS® versão 11.5. RESULTADOS: Os resultados mostraram que a prevalência de alterações posturais nos escolares surdos foi de 90,62% dos casos. A alteração postural mais frequente foi a hipercifose torácica, que esteve associada à dor nos escolares. Considerando a distribuição por sexo, a alteração postural do tipo escoliose mostrou-se associada ao sexo feminino. CONCLUSÃO: A elevada prevalência de alterações posturais nos escolares surdos no nosso estudo sugere que a surdez pode representar um fator importante no desenvolvimento de alterações posturais. Entretanto, existe a necessidade de novos estudos que investiguem uma possível relação entre a surdez e fatores biológicos e ambientais em populações maiores de escolares.
Ai Chi: efeitos do relaxamento aquático no desempenho funcional e qualidade de vida em idosos
Authors: Cunha Márcia Cristina Bauer , Alonso Angélica Castilho , Mesquita e Silva Tatiana , Raphael Anna Carolina Britto de , Mota Claudia Ferreira
Published: September 2010

OBJETIVO: Este estudo avaliou os efeitos da técnica de relaxamento aquático Ai Chi em um grupo de idosos, em relação ao equilíbrio, qualidade de vida e funcionalidade. MÉTODOS: Foram selecionados 20 idosos de ambos os sexos, com média de idade de 68,95 (± 7,42) anos, que foram submetidas à técnica Ai Chi. Os idosos foram avaliados antes e depois do programa de exercícios, que teve duração de 12 semanas, com sessões de 45 minutos, duas vezes por semana, pelas seguintes escalas: Medida de Independência Funcional (MIF), que avalia a funcionalidade; Escala de Berg, que avalia o equilíbrio; e SF36, que mensura a qualidade de vida. Para o desenvolvimento da pesquisa, utilizamos uma piscina aquecida, numa temperatura de 33-34° C. RESULTADOS: Houve melhora significante no equilíbrio pré e pós aplicação da técnica (p < 0,003), não houve melhora significante em relação às medidas de independência funcional (p < 0,10) e a qualidade de vida (p < 0,38). CONCLUSÃO: A técnica de relaxamento aquático Ai Chi proporcionou melhora do equilíbrio, porém não houve mudanças em relação à qualidade de vida e à funcionalidade em idosos independentes.
Aplicação clínica do pico de fluxo da tosse: uma revisão de literatura
Authors: Freitas Fábia Suelane de , Parreira Verônica Franco , Ibiapina Cassio da Cunha
Published: September 2010

INTRODUÇÃO: A tosse é responsável pela manutenção da via aérea livre de secreção e corpos estranhos. O pico de fluxo da tosse (PFT) é o fluxo expirado máximo medido durante uma manobra de tosse por meio de um peak flow meter. A eficácia da tosse depende da magnitude do pico de fluxo. Técnicas de insuflação assistida e de assistência manual à tosse podem aumentar a sua eficácia. Um PFT mínimo de 160 L/min foi relatado por alguns autores como necessário para manutenção da clearance brônquica e desmame da ventilação mecânica. OBJETIVO:Realizar uma revisão de literatura sobre a utilização do pico de fluxo da tosse na avaliação da eficácia da tosse em diferentes situações clínicas. MÉTODOS: Foi utilizado o descritor peak cough flow, durante a pesquisa realizada nas bases de dados Medline, SciELO e LILACS. RESULTADOS:Foi encontrado um total de 36 artigos, sendo 31 selecionados para leitura. Foram selecionados os artigos em português, espanhol ou inglês. CONCLUSÃO:O PFT vem sendo cada vez mais utilizado na avaliação dos doentes neuromusculares e também em outras situações clínicas.
Congenital eruption cyst: a case report
Authors: Alemán Navas Ramón Manuel , Martínez Mendoza María Guadalupe , Leonardo Mário Roberto , Silva Raquel Assed Bezerra da , Herrera Henry W. , Herrera Helen Piccolo
Published: September 2010

Congenital pathologies are those existing at or dating from birth. Occurrence of congenital cystic lesions in the oral cavity is uncommon in neonates. Eruption cyst (EC) is listed among these unusual lesions. It occurs within the mucosa overlying teeth that are about to erupt and, according to the current World Health Organization (WHO) classification of epithelial cysts of the jaws, EC is a separate entity. This paper presents a case of congenital EC successfully managed by close monitoring of the lesion, without any surgical procedure or tooth extraction. Eruption of the teeth involved, primary central incisors, occurred at the fourth month of age. During this time neither the child nor mother had any complication such as pain on sucking, refusal to feed, airway obstruction, or aspiration of fluids or teeth.
Espaçamento entre linhas e densidade de semeadura em revegetação com espécie de tremoço visando à recuperação de solo degradado
Authors: Rovedder Ana Paula Moreira , Eltz Flávio Luiz Foletto , Drescher Marta Sandra , Dorneles Fabiana de Oliveira , Schenato Ricardo Bergamo
Published: September 2010

A degradação do solo pela arenização no sudoeste do Rio Grande do Sul precisa ser controlada e, para isso, a revegetação é uma técnica eficiente e de baixo custo. A possibilidade de se utilizar uma espécie nativa da região para tais medidas de controle surge como uma alternativa viável do ponto de vista econômico e ecológico. O objetivo deste estudo foi testar a melhor maneira de cultivar Lupinus albescens Hook. & Arn., um tremoço nativo da região, visando à contenção da arenização. O experimento foi conduzido em uma área degradada em Alegrete, Rio Grande do Sul (RS), sul do Brasil. Os tratamentos foram espaçamentos com distância de 17, 34 e 51cm entre as linhas de plantio e número de plantas por metro linear (4, 8, 12, 16 e 20 plantas por metro linear). Os parâmetros analisados foram produção de biomassa na parte aérea, acúmulo de macronutrientes na biomassa da parte aérea, produção de sementes, peso e número de nódulos de fixação biológica de nitrogênio (FBN). Foi realizada análise da variância. Não houve interação significativa entre os dois fatores estudados. O fator espaçamento entre linhas (EL) produziu variação significativa para as diversas variáveis estudadas, com exceção do P acumulado na parte aérea. No caso do espaçamento entre linha, a análise da variância foi complementada por análise de regressão, e o valor para cada característica analisada foi estimado a partir dos modelos matemáticos gerados. O espaçamento entre linhas de 17cm favoreceu a produção de biomassa e o acúmulo de macronutrientes na biomassa da parte aérea, além do peso de nódulos de FBN. O espaçamento de 51cm foi mais eficiente para produção de sementes por planta. Conclui-se que, para plantios de contenção da arenização, o espaçamento de 17cm é mais eficiente, enquanto que, para plantios que objetivam produzir sementes, o espaçamento de 51cm é melhor.
Eficácia do sistema de contenção (automatizado e mecânico) no atordoamento de bovinos
Authors: Bertoloni William , Andreolla Douglas
Published: September 2010

Um total de 800 bovinos machos (nelore/anelorados), com idade entre 28 e 36 meses, foi atordoado com pistola pneumática, com pressão de operação de 11 a 12bar e haste de penetração de 15.9mm de diâmetro, em sistemas de contenção diferentes (mecânico e atomatizado). O box de contenção mecânico tradicional (2,53x0,88x2,20m) não permitiu a contenção da cabeça do animal; no segundo tratamento utilizou-se box de contenção automatizado (2,60x0,85x2,30m), com parede lateral e piso móveis, guilhotina e elevador de cabeça. O box automatizado proporcionou menor número de disparos necessários para o atordoamento (1,0625±0,013) em comparação ao mecânico(1,2025±0,026), (P≤0,0001), reduziu a distância em relação ao ponto ideal no primeiro disparo (1,246±0,918 e 2,357±1,246) e no segundo (3,042±0,141 e 4,016±0,101), (P 0,0001), assim como proporcionou ausência de reflexo respiratório comparativamente ao sistema mecânico (0,0275±0,008), (P≤0,001). O box automatizado apresentou maior bem-estar e maior eficácia na contenção e insensibilização dos bovinos
Treatment adherence: the experience of adolescents with HIV/AIDS
Authors: Kourrouski Maria Fernanda Cabral , Lima Regina Aparecida Garcia de
Published: September 2010

Living with a chronic condition is difficult at any stage of life, especially when considering HIV/AIDS, a stigmatized condition that elicits so much discrimination and which may become an aggravating factor when it occurs during adolescence. This study aimed to understand the experience of adolescents with HIV/AIDS concerning medication adherence. This is a descriptive study with a qualitative approach. Nine adolescents aged between 12 and 18 years and six caregivers participated in the study. The organization of data focused on positive and negative aspects related to adherence. The results showed that adolescents have difficulties in medication adherence especially due to their side effects; they try to normalize their lives in such a way that stigma and discrimination do not compromise their quality of life and treatment adherence. Recommendations to encourage treatment adherence are presented.
Uso do rejeito da dessalinização de água salobra no cultivo da alface (Lactuca sativa L.) em sistema hidropônico NFT
Authors: Santos Rafaelly Suzanye da Silva , Dias Nildo da Silva , Sousa Neto Osvaldo Nogueira de , Gurgel Marcelo Tavares
Published: September 2010

A dessalinização por osmose reversa tem sido bastante utilizada para o tratamento de água salobra, possibilitando a sua utilização para o consumo humano, especialmente em regiões semiáridas. Esse processo tem um fator limitante que é a produção de um rejeito de água com alta salinidade. Com o objetivo de avaliar os efeitos da utilização de água de rejeito da dessalinização no cultivo de alface cultivar Vera (Lactuca sativa L.) em sistema hidropônico NFT foi conduzido um experimento em casa de vegetação no departamento de ciências ambientais da UFERSA, em delineamento em blocos casualizados, com seis tratamentos e quatro repetições. Os níveis de salinidade da água entre os tratamentos foram obtidos com, ou sem a necessidade de diluição da água de rejeito da dessalinização acrescido da solução nutritiva com salinidade de 1 dS m-1 (100% de água potável de abastecimento - 1,4 dS m-1; 85% abastecimento e 15% água de rejeito - 1,9 dS m-1; 75 % água de rejeito + 25 % água de abastecimento - 2,7 dS m-1; 50% água de rejeito e 50% água de abastecimento - 3,8 dS m-1; 25 % água de rejeito e 75 % água de abastecimento - 4,9 dS m-1 e água de rejeito coletada no dessalinizador - 5,5 dS m-1. Os parâmetros analisados foram área foliar, diâmetro do caule, número de folhas, peso de matéria fresca e o peso de matéria seca. Todas as variáveis estudadas foram influenciadas negativamente de forma linear pelo efeito da concentração de sais na água de irrigação, sendo que a área foliar e a matéria fresca da parte aérea são as que melhor representam a sensibilidade ao estresse salino na cultivar estudada, tendo a produção em termos de matéria fresca uma redução de 94,83%, ao se elevar a CEa de 1,4 a 5,5 dS m-1.
Paleochannels related to late quaternary sea-level changes in Southern Brazil
Authors: Weschenfelder Jair , Corrêa Iran Carlos Stalliviere , Aliotta Salvador , Baitelli Ricardo
Published: September 2010

The geological evolution of the continental shelf and in the coastal zone of southern Brazil during the Quaternary period is addressed in this study. High-resolution seismic records obtained at the Patos Lagoon revealed the presence of channels that deeply dissected the coastal zone before the formation of the modern, low-relief, coastal plain. Two periods of channel incision are inferred, based mainly on seismic records. The paleodrainage paths mapped from the seismic records can be connected with those recognized by previous studies on the adjacent continental shelf and slope. Upstream, the drainage incised mainly into the coastal prism deposited during previous sea-level highstand events. The paleodrainage network, recognized on the coastal plain and continental shelf, represents a river-shelf system, linking the drainage basin to the depositional settings on the marginal basin, bypassing the continental shelf exposed during a forced regression event. The drainage incised into the coastal plain and continental shelf of Rio Grande do Sul played an important role in the basin-margin architecture, facies distribution and accommodation during the Quaternary sea-level fluctuations.
Clasificación de las fracturas toracolumbares: comparación entre las clasificaciones de AO y Vaccaro
Authors: Bazán Pedro Luis , Borri Alvaro Enrique , Torres Piscinis Ulises , Cosentino Juan Sebastián , Games Martin Honorio
Published: September 2010

OBJETIVO: as classificações têm mudado na último metade do século, sendo a mais usada desde a última década, a classificação AO. Em 2004, Vaccaro et al. propuseram a Thoraco-Lumbar Injury Classification (TLICS). MÉTODOS: análise da reprodução inter e intraobservador, utilizando o teste Kappa das classificações entre três níveis distintos de traumatólogos em formação, em 30 casos. RESULTADOS: a reprodução intraobservador na classificação de Vaccaro foi: OI: 0,73; OII: 0,6 e OIII: 0,63. Para a classificação AO, 0,77; 0,7 e 0,6, respectivamente. Entre as duas classificações: OI: 0,59; OII: 0,7 e OIII: 0,62. A avaliação interobservador para a classificação de Vaccaro foi de 0,66 e para a classificação AO de 0,67. Os pontos críticos foram rotação e lesões do complexo ligamentar posterior. CONCLUSÕES: as duas classificações mostram um bom grau de concordância (índice Kappa). Com a de Vaccaro, observou-se concordância global de 69%. Com respeito à indicação do tratamento ortopédico, a concordância foi de 37%. A indicação de tratamento cirúrgico foi de 29%. Cabe salientar que essa classificação dispõe de um nível impreciso em que pode-se optar por qualquer dos dois tratamentos (TLICS 4), o qual foi observado em 3%. Não houve concordância em 31%. As mesmas indicações para a classificação AO apresentaram concordância global de 67%. Indicação ortopédica foi de 32%. Foi realizada uma cirurgia em 21%. Nas lesões classificadas como A3 (14%), a sua indicação de tratamento não foi definida com unanimidade entre os observadores.
"Pequenas pontes submersas": interpretações geográficas e antropológicas de literaturas de contrabando
Authors: Dorfman Adriana
Published: September 2010

O estudo das práticas dos contrabandistas requer ferramentas variadas, uma vez que os instrumentos de pesquisa mais convencionais não penetram a natureza sigilosa do objeto em questão. Assim, recorreu-se a interpretações geográficas da literatura e a uma etnografia balizada pela teoria da tradução cultural como metodologias para pesquisar os bagayeros, contrabandistas de pequenos volumes que freqüentam as cidades de Santana do Livramento e Rivera, na fronteira Brasil-Uruguai. Apresentam-se aqui resultados dessa pesquisa: primeiramente, debatem-se os usos da ficção pelas ciências humanas, mais especificamente pela geografia e antropologia. Segue a análise do contrabando através de seis narrativas produzidas e ambientadas na fronteira gaúcha, examinadas em sua lógica interna e em sua relação com textos precursores. As metáforas empregadas particular ou genericamente às fronteiras são exploradas e mapeadas, sendo usadas como indícios para a compreensão dos significados atribuídos a esse objeto geográfico pela população que o experimenta cotidianamente. Finalmente, textos sobre as fronteiras da França são analisados, novamente em busca das metáforas, e os diferentes contextos geohistóricos de produção de fronteiras e dos objetos culturais a elas ligados são comparados, testando a correspondência entre geografia e cultura, em busca de elementos para uma compreensão mais ampla da fronteira como experiência cotidiana.
Notas sobre o antigo povoamento indígena do alto Trombetas e Mapuera
Authors: Porro Antonio
Published: September 2010

A 'Relação' de 1728 de frei Francisco de São Manços, com a narrativa da primeira exploração da bacia Trombetas-Mapuera, no noroeste do Estado do Pará, embora publicada há mais de cem anos, é aqui, pela primeira vez, objeto de análise e de interpretação geográfica e etno-histórica. A importância do documento está em nomear e em localizar com aproximação cerca de 50 'nações' indígenas, quase todas ignoradas pelas fontes históricas e etnográficas posteriores, além de mencionar muitas de suas aldeias e de seus chefes. A reconstituição do itinerário permitiu concluir que a viagem do 'descobridor do Trombetas' transcorreu, na verdade, em grande parte, pelo Mapuera, seu afluente, até o planalto das Guianas. A informação etnográfica, embora limitada, inclui referências a dois níveis de chefia política e à guerra como meio de obter escravos destinados ao escambo por mercadorias.
Uma memória histórica da pesquisa arqueológica no Brasil (1981-2007)
Authors: Roosevelt Anna
Published: September 2010

This memoir gives a history of my archaeological research in Brazil and especially the theoretical issues, empirical interests, collaborations, and events that motivated it. I begin with my early course and field experiences as a student, my work as a museum curator and university professor, my research in literature, archives, and collections, and my early collaborations and interactions with other students and with scholars. Then I trace the relationship of my Venezuelan Orinoco dissertation work to my interest in the Amazon, and explain how that led subsequently to my field research in Brazil. I then summarize the work at the four regional foci of the project in the Lower Amazon of Brazil and point to what might be the theoretical implications of the results in light of the results of work by other scholars. I conclude with an explanation of how the Brazilian research relates to my preliminary research in Central Africa and conclude with the implications of the South American and African research for changing concepts of human evolution, human ecology, and culture history.
Morphing Into Adolescents: Active Word Learning for English‐Language Learners and Their Classmates in Middle School
Authors: Kieffer Michael J. , Lesaux Nonie K.
Published: September 2010

Many students arrive at middle school without the academic language skills they need to read sophisticated texts with comprehension. In particular, English language learners and students from low‐income backgrounds attending underresourced, urban middle schools lack opportunities to learn the thousands of academic words they need to succeed. To build their comprehension, teachers must not only teach the meanings of specific vocabulary words, but must also equip students with tools to be active word learners. This article presents a research‐based approach to improving adolescents' word‐learning abilities by building their understanding of morphology.
Determination of In Situ Two-Phase Flow Properties Through Downhole Fluid Movement Monitoring
Authors: Kuchuk Fikri , Zhan Lang , Ma S. Mark , Al-Shahri Ali M. , Ramakrishnan T. S. , Altundas Y. Bilgin , Zeybek Murat , Loubens Romain de , Chugunov Nikita
Published: September 2010

In this paper, we present a novel method for in situ estimation of two-phase transport properties of porous media using time-lapse resistivity, pressure, and flow rate data from permanent downhole pressure, electrode resistivity array (ERA), and production logging tools. The objective of this fluid movement monitoring (FMM) experiment is to develop a new downhole hardware assembly, new measurement procedures, and associated interpretation techniques for inferring oil recovery factor, relative permeabilities to oil and water, and other two-phase flow properties.

An oil well in a carbonate reservoir in Saudi Arabia was dedicated to conduct a week long extensive openhole monitoring data acquisition, enabling us to carry out suitable a priori characterization. This approach is new to the oil industry and is the first field experiment for direct determination of two-phase flow properties through successful integration of the downhole resistivity array and pressure data. Together with pressure transient responses, the ERA measurements allowed characterization to a radial distance of tens of meters from the wellbore.
Pressure-Transient Analysis of a Well With an Inclined Hydraulic Fracture
Authors: Dinh Anh V. , Tiab Djebbar
Published: September 2010

Hydraulic fracturing is an important well-stimulation technique that has been widely used in the oil and gas industry. Most of the pressure-transient-analysis techniques to analyze pressure responses of fractured wells are based on the assumption that the fracture is either vertical or horizontal. However, a hydraulic fracture could be inclined with a nonzero angle with respect to the vertical direction. Field studies have shown that most hydraulic fractures are not perfectly vertical. Thus, for an inclined hydraulic fracture, the vertical-orientation assumption may lead to erroneous results in welltest analysis, especially when the inclination angle is significant. However, there are very few studies concerning pressure-transient analysis of inclined hydraulic fractures, and there is no applicable well-test-analysis procedure available for inclined fractures.

The purpose of this study is to develop a technique, on the basis of the pressure-derivative concept, for interpreting pressuretransient tests in wells with an inclined hydraulic fracture. Detailed analysis of unsteady-state pressure behavior of a fully penetrating inclined fracture in an infinite-slab reservoir was provided. Both uniform-flux and infinite-conductivity models were considered. The study has shown that inclined-fracture pressure data exhibit flow regimes similar to those for vertical fractures. Those flow regimes are linear and pseudoradial flow for both uniform-flux and infinite-conductivity models. However, for the infinite-conductivity model, a biradial- (or elliptical) flow regime is also observed. In the case of a high formation-thickness/fracture-half-length ratio and high angle of inclination, both uniform-flux and infiniteconductivity inclined-fracture models exhibit an additional flow regime, called early radial (ER) flow in this paper. This ER-flow regime for an inclined hydraulic fracture has not been mentioned in the literature before.

A type-curve-matching technique was developed in this study using both pressure and pressure-derivative curves. This typecurve-matching procedure can be used to obtain the following parameters: fracture half-length, inclination angle, formation permeability, and the pseudoskin factor. The results should be verified with other pressure plots such as the semilog plot of vs. t and the Δp-vs.-t1/2 plot. A set of type curves with associated data was also provided for uniform-flux and infinite-conductivity inclined- fracture models. Detailed explanations, tables, figures, and a numerical example are included in this paper.
Effect of Fracture Dip and Fracture Tortuosity on Petrophysical Evaluation of Naturally Fractured Reservoirs
Authors: Aguilera Roberto
Published: September 2010

A model is developed for petrophysical evaluation of naturally fractured reservoirs where dip of fractures ranges between zero and 90°, and where fracture tortuosity is greater than 1.0. This results in an intrinsic porosity exponent of fractures (mf) that is larger than 1.0.

The finding has direct application in the evaluation of fractured reservoirs and tight gas sands, where fracture dip can be determined, for example, from image logs. In the past, a fracture-matrix system has been represented by a dual-porosity model which can be simulated as a series-resistance network or with the use of effective medium theory. For many cases both approaches provide similar results.

The model developed in this study leads to the observation that including fracture dip and tortuosity in the petrophysical analysis can generate significant changes in the dual-porosity exponent (m) of the composite system of matrix and fractures. It is concluded that not taking fracture dip and tortuosity into consideration can lead to significant errors in the calculation of water saturation. The use of the model is illustrated with examples.
Hamilton-type principles applied to ice-sheet dynamics: new approximations for large-scale ice-sheet flow
Authors: Bassis J.N.
Published: September 2010

Ice-sheet modelers tend to be more familiar with the Newtonian, vectorial formulation of continuum mechanics, in which the motion of an ice sheet or glacier is determined by the balance of stresses acting on the ice at any instant in time. However, there is also an equivalent and alternative formulation of mechanics where the equations of motion are instead found by invoking a variational principle, often called Hamilton’s principle. In this study, we show that a slightly modified version of Hamilton’s principle can be used to derive the equations of ice-sheet motion. Moreover, Hamilton’s principle provides a pathway in which analytic and numeric approximations can be made directly to the variational principle using the Rayleigh–Ritz method. To this end, we use the Rayleigh–Ritz method to derive a variational principle describing the large-scale flow of ice sheets that stitches the shallow-ice and shallow-shelf approximations together. Numerical examples show that the approximation yields realistic steady-state ice-sheet configurations for a variety of basal tractions and sliding laws. Small parameter expansions show that the approximation reduces to the appropriate asymptotic limits of shallow ice and shallow stream for large and small values of the basal traction number.
Results from the Ice-Sheet Model Intercomparison Project–Heinrich Event Intercomparison (ISMIP HEINO)
Authors: Calov Reinhard , Greve Ralf , Abe-Ouchi Ayako , Bueler Ed , Huybrechts Philippe , Johnson Jesse V. , Pattyn Frank , Pollard David , Ritz Catherine , Saito Fuyuki , Tarasov Lev
Published: September 2010

Results from the Heinrich Event Intercomparison (HEINO) topic of the Ice-Sheet Model Intercomparison Project (ISMIP) are presented. ISMIP HEINO was designed to explore internal large-scale ice-sheet instabilities in different contemporary ice-sheet models. These instabilities are of interest because they are a possible cause of Heinrich events. A simplified geometry experiment reproduces the main characteristics of the Laurentide ice sheet, including the sedimented region over Hudson Bay and Hudson Strait. The model experiments include a standard run plus seven variations. Nine dynamic/thermodynamic ice-sheet models were investigated; one of these models contains a combination of the shallow-shelf (SSA) and shallow-ice approximation (SIA), while the remaining eight models are of SIA type only. Seven models, including the SIA–SSA model, exhibit oscillatory surges with a period of ∼1000 years for a broad range of parameters, while two models remain in a permanent state of streaming for most parameter settings. In a number of models, the oscillations disappear for high surface temperatures, strong snowfall and small sediment sliding parameters. In turn, low surface temperatures and low snowfall are favourable for the ice-surge cycles. We conclude that further improvement of ice-sheet models is crucial for adequate, robust simulations of cyclic large-scale instabilities.
Short Course Palliative Radiotherapy in Locally Advanced Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck
Authors: Ali MY , Alam MSS , Mannan MA , Asaduzzaman AKM , Khan MA , Islam SMJ
Published: September 2010

This prospective cohort study was conducted at the Combined Military Hospital, Dhaka during January 2003to December 2005. Thirty patients with locally advanced stage III and stage IV squamous cell carcinoma ofhead and neck were treated with a short course palliative radiotherapy (30 Gray in 10 fractions over 2 weeks).All (100%) patients with pain and 90% of patients with dysphagia, dyspnoea and disturbed sleep had greaterthan 50% relief in symptoms after radiotherapy. Dysphonia and cough were satisfactorily relieved in morethan 60% of cases. Eight of 30 lesions in this study had complete response; 14 lesions had a partial response; 4lesions had no response; 2 lesions progressed under treatment. Response could not be assessed in two patients.Acute and late reactions were acceptable. After palliative radiotherapy 8(27%) patients were eligible for doseescalation and received further radiotherapy upto radical dose equivalent. It was concluded that short coursepalliative radiotherapy regimen evaluated is an effective treatment modality for sustained symptoms reliefwith good response rates and acceptable toxicity in locally advanced head-neck cancer.Key words: Palliation; radiotherapy; short course; head and neck cancer.DOI: 10.3329/jafmc.v6i1.5986Journal of Armed Forces Medical College, Bangladesh Vol.6(1) 2010 p.16-20
Intraorbital Cavernous Haemangioma (CHM)
Authors: Rahman MS , Hossain MA
Published: September 2010

This is an interesting and rare case report of right intraorbital cavernous haemangioma near optic nerve of a12 years boy who was hospitalized for right sided uniocular moderate axial proptosis and headache withoutany impairment of vision. Computed Tomographic (CT) scan showed fusiform enlargement of around rightoptic nerve just behind the eye ball. The mass was removed by right fronto-orbito-zygomatotomy incision anddiagnosed post-operatively as intraorbital cavernous haemangioma (CHM).Key words: Intraorbital cavernous haemangioma.DOI: 10.3329/jafmc.v6i1.5990Journal of Armed Forces Medical College, Bangladesh Vol.6(1) 2010 p.32-33
A Discoid Marker Stone from Collace, Perthshire
Authors: Thomson George
Published: September 2010

A small discoid stone fragment from the churchyard at Collace, Perthshire (now missing) is described. It is suggested that this is likely to be the disc head of a medieval marker stone. As the length of the shaft is unknown, it is impossible to tell whether it is the head from a churchyard cross or a gravemarker. The artefact is unusual in having complex decoration more akin to that found on medieval Basque gravemarkers and isolated examples from England and Ireland. Although there is a possible alternative interpretation of the design on the verso, as a flower, it is suggested that the design on both faces represents the Seal of Solomon. This is possibly the earliest use of this symbol in Scotland.
Preventing Bone Complications in Advanced Prostate Cancer
Authors: Luz M. A. , Aprikian A. G.
Published: September 2010

The diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer have steadily been improving since the late 1980s. However, clinicians still confront a large group of men developing disease metastatic to bone. Adequate control of bone complications plays a fundamental role in achieving control of symptoms and quality of life in this group. Androgen deprivation therapy, the standard treatment for advanced prostate cancer, increases the risk of various complications, including bone disease. This review addresses the prevention of bone complications related not only to prostate cancer metastases but also to impaired bone integrity caused by androgen deprivation therapy.
Prevalence of Pulmonary Hypertension in Systemic Sclerosis in European Caucasians and Metaanalysis of 5 Studies
Authors: AVOUAC JÉRÔME , AIRÒ PAOLO , MEUNE CHRISTOPHE , BERETTA LORENZO , DIEUDE PHILIPPE , CARAMASCHI PAOLA , TIEV KIET , CAPPELLI SUSANNA , DIOT ELISABETH , VACCA ALESSANDRA , CRACOWSKI JEAN-LUC , SIBILIA JEAN , KAHAN ANDRÉ , MATUCCI-CERINIC MARCO , ALLANORE YANNICK
Published: September 2010

Objective.

To measure the prevalence of different types of pulmonary hypertension (PH) and to identify patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) at highest risk in a multicenter European sample, with a metaanalysis of relevant studies.

Methods.

Consecutive patients with SSc recruited at 11 French and Italian centers underwent detailed evaluations, including Doppler echocardiography, chest computed tomography, pulmonary function tests, and right-heart catheterization (RHC), to detect the presence and causes of PH. A metaanalysis was performed, including data from 4 other studies.

Results.

Among 206 patients in whom it was suspected, PH was confirmed by RHC in 83 patients (7%). Precapillary PH was found in 64 patients (5%), of whom 42 had pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and 22 had PH secondary to interstitial lung disease (ILD). RHC identified 17 patients (1%) with postcapillary PH secondary to left-heart disease. Patients with DLCO/alveolar volume < 70% were more likely to have precapillary PH (87.5% vs 42%; p < 0.0001). Precapillary and postcapillary PH were associated with advanced age (68 ± 14 vs 59 ± 12 yrs, p < 0.0001, and 74 ± 16 vs 61.5 ± 10 yrs, p < 0.0001, respectively). The metaanalysis of 3818 patients showed a prevalence of precapillary PH of 9% (95% CI 6%–12%) and identified advanced age, longer disease duration, and limited cutaneous disease subset as risk factors for this condition.

Conclusion.

The prevalence of precapillary PH in our multicenter study of SSc was 5%, and in the metaanalysis 9%. Our observations support use of RHC to confirm the presence of precapillary PH suspected by noninvasive testing. We also identified patients at high risk who should be carefully monitored.
Limited Value of Temporal Artery Ultrasonography Examinations for Diagnosis of Giant Cell Arteritis: Analysis of 77 Subjects
Authors: MALDINI CARLA , DÉPINAY-DHELLEMMES CAROLINE , TRA THI T.S. , CHAUVEAU MICHEL , ALLANORE YANNICK , GOSSEC LAURE , TERRASSE GENEVIÈVE , GUILLEVIN LOÏC , COSTE JOËL , MAHR ALFRED
Published: September 2010

Objective.

Use of TA-US for diagnostic investigation of giant cell arteritis (GCA) has been proposed but remains a matter of debate because of the heterogeneous findings. We retrospectively evaluated operating characteristics of temporal artery ultrasonography (TA-US) in a single teaching hospital.

Methods.

All subjects with suspected GCA had been seen between 2002 and 2008 and had undergone TA-US with continuous-wave Doppler (until 2004) or color duplex ultrasonography (after 2004), followed within 30 days by a temporal artery biopsy (TAB). TA-US findings were compared with TAB-proven GCA and clinically diagnosed GCA. Results are expressed as sensitivities, specificities, and positive (LR+) and negative likelihood ratios (LR−) of stenoses, occlusions, and the halo sign; for the latter, only color duplex TA-US was considered.

Results.

Seventy-seven patients fulfilled the selection criteria; 13 had TAB-proven and 19 had clinically defined GCA. Stenoses/occlusions were seen on 45.5% of TA-US and the halo sign was seen only once (3.2%) in 31 duplex TA-US. Respective sensitivities, specificities, LR+, and LR− for GCA diagnosis (using TAB-proven/clinically defined GCA as reference standards) were 69%/53%, 59%/57%, 1.7/1.2, and 0.5/0.8 for stenoses and/or occlusions, and 17%/10%, 100%/100%, infinite/infinite, and 0.8/0.9 for the halo sign.

Conclusion.

The halo sign showed 100% specificity for GCA but only 10%–17% sensitivity. Stenoses/occlusions were of low diagnostic value. These observations suggest that TA-US is neither an effective substitute for TAB nor a reliable screening test to decide which patients can be safely spared TAB.
Le mythe de l'usage
Authors: Benoist Jocelyn
Published: September 2010

Résumé À première vue, on peut trouver des similarités frappantes entre les vues de Heidegger et Wittgenstein sur la signification. Les deux auteurs soulignent la connexion entre signification et contexte d’usage. Pourtant, il n’est pas si clair qu’ils partagent le même concept d’usage. Wittgenstein s’intéresse primairement à l’usage des signes (de tout genre de signes). Il lui arrive de considérer des usages non linguistiques, mais il n’y voit jamais un principe de « signification ». En général il semble plutôt réservé quant à tout usage générique du mot « signification » qui rendrait toute relation que nous avons avec les choses dépendante d’une telle « signification ». De ce point de vue, la différence entre la conception herméneutique de la perception heideggérienne et l’analyse grammaticale du percevoir wittgensteinienne, qui donne toute sa portée à la simple facticité de l’être-perçu, est cruciale. Au-delà d’une simple divergence de doctrine, cela signifie que le concept d’« usage », dans sa centralité, joue un rôle tout à fait différent de part et d’autre. Chez Heidegger, celui-ci semble encore constituer quelque chose comme un principe « transcendantal » d’explication : l’ultime fondation possible du sens. Wittgenstein, de son côté, abandonne toute perspective fondationaliste : son insistance sur le concept d’« usage » vise seulement à nous faire accepter le simple fait que nous signifions de quelque façon définie et il y a quelque chose par rapport à quoi nous signifions de cette façon.
Entreprise et territoire, architectes conjoints d'un développement local durable ?
Authors: Asselineau Alexandre , Cromarias Anne
Published: September 2010

Résumé L’étude d’un Pôle d’Excellence Rurale montre la réciprocité du développement entre un territoire et ses entreprises, à travers les trajectoires convergentes de deux acteurs pilotes : un chef d’entreprise et un Maire. Leurs visions croisées, privée pour l’un, mais avec la volonté d’œuvrer pour son « pays », publique pour l’autre, mais avec la lucidité des contraintes économiques, en font les architectes d’un développement à la fois local et durable.
L'image institutionnelle : pierre de touche de la trajectoire de légitimité des organisations. Le cas des agences de design en France (1989-2002)
Authors: Szostak Bérangère L. , Dhuyvetter William
Published: September 2010

Résumé Cet article traite de la trajectoire de légitimité comme de l’ensemble des images institutionnelles des organisations au fil du temps. Cette trajectoire évolue d’autant plus que le champ organisationnel est multidimensionnel. Les idées avancées sont illustrées dans le cas du champ du design industriel en France, où trois logiques institutionnelles coexistent. Sont discutés des exemples de trajectoires de légitimité d’agences ainsi que leur impact sur la morphologie du champ lui-même de 1989 à 2002.
Regard médiatisé sur la prise en charge des adultes ayant été victimes d'abus sexuel dans l'enfance
Authors: Bullens Quentin , Duchâteau Chantal
Published: September 2010

Résumé Au travers du film de Thomas Vinterberg, Festen , nous avons souhaité introduire le lecteur à la prise en charge des adultes ayant été victimes d’abus sexuel dans l’enfance. Le film met en exergue un continuum de souffrances et de vécus au-dedans duquel se situe bien souvent le parcours des victimes n’ayant pu révéler leur abus dans l’enfance. Nous invitons le lecteur à pousser quelques portes significatives, voulant mettre en lumière l’étendue des conséquences de tels abus et la délicatesse de leur prise en charge.
Le vote des cités est-il structuré par un clivage ethnique ?
Authors: Braconnier Céline , Dormagen Jean-Yves
Published: September 2010

Résumé Les résultats présentés dans cet article sont issus d’une enquête de terrain menée entre l’élection présidentielle de 2002 et les élections européennes de 2009 dans une cité HLM de la banlieue Nord de Paris. L’un des résultats de cette étude réside dans le fait d’établir que les identités individuelles et collectives, ainsi que les rapports sociaux sont, dans un quartier de ce type, largement structurés par les catégories de l’ethnicité et de la race. L’ ethnicité pour soi , telle qu’elle est produite et mobilisée par les agents, est, en effet, devenue l’une des composantes identitaires du vote. Le rapport entretenu subjectivement aux « origines » et, plus globalement, l’ ethnicisation des cadres cognitifs constituent des facteurs déterminants permettant de comprendre pourquoi les Français d’origine africaine (qui représentent la moitié des électeurs de la cité) accordent presque exclusivement leurs suffrages à la gauche, tandis qu’une fraction importante des Français dits de « souche » votent en faveur du Front national (ou de Nicolas Sarkozy lors de la dernière élection présidentielle).
Catégorisations ethniques ordinaires et rapport au politique
Authors: Hamidi Camille
Published: September 2010

Résumé Si les travaux récents font le constat d’une tendance à l’ethnicisation des identités et des rapports sociaux dans les quartiers populaires, la façon dont l’ethnicité influence le rapport au politique reste souvent mystérieuse. Les études du lien entre ethnicité et comportement politique font souvent de celle-ci une variable explicative, sans permettre de comprendre par quels processus elle opère. C’est ce que l’article vise à étudier, en s’appuyant sur une enquête menée par entretiens auprès de jeunes gens issus de l’immigration non européenne, à Vaulx-en-Velin. Il propose une typologie des cartes perceptuelles, des frontières symboliques – territoriales, ethniques et sociales – et des identifications mobilisées par les individus pour se repérer dans le monde ; il examine ensuite leur traduction sur leur rapport au politique.
Xenografting as a Tool to Preserve Endangered Species: Outcomes and Challenges in Model Systems
Authors: Mota Paula C. , Ramalho-Santos João , Schlatt Stefan
Published: September 2010

The use of testis tissue xenografting as a valuable tool to rescue endangered and genetically valuable individuals that die young or otherwise fail to produce sperm has been the subject of much interest. Although the technique has been successfully applied to a wide variety of species, little is known about what determines the outcome. Furthermore, to improve the applicability of xenografting, new methods to preserve and transport testis tissue from valuable animals are emerging. However, one major issue remains: the application of xenografting implies the development of subsequent ART techniques to produce offspring from the recovered material. This paper focuses on these three aspects of testis tissue xenografting as a tool for rescuing endangered and valuable genetic pools.
Transcription Factor Nrf2: Examination of Nuclear Protein Levels by Immunoblotting and Promoter Response Element Binding by Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP)
Authors: Shay Kate Petersen , Smith Eric J. , Hagen Tory M.
Published: September 2010

Nuclear factor erythroid 2 (NF‐E2) related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a transcription factor that governs the expression of over a hundred so‐called phase II detoxification and antioxidant genes that are regulated through the antioxidant response element (ARE). Loss of Nrf2 activity has been implicated in cardiovascular disease, inflammation, aging, and cancer. Nrf2 is induced to accumulate in the nucleus when the cell encounters an oxidative stress, a fact that has been exploited experimentally to test the conditions under which ARE‐containing genes are expressed. The nuclear levels of Nrf2 give an indication of whether an experimental treatment results in Nrf2 localization and induction. mRNA levels of phase II genes may be measured as a follow‐up, but in order to show a direct link between nuclear Nrf2 accumulation and increases in gene expression, it is useful to show that Nrf2 binds to AREs in the promoters of target genes. The simplest way to do this is to employ a chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay along with an examination of cellular Nrf2 levels by immunoblotting. Curr. Protoc. Toxicol. 45:17.13.1‐17.13.13. © 2010 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
ChemInform Abstract: The Solvent‐Dependent Product Distribution in the Condensation Reaction of o‐Phthalaldehyde with p‐Toluidine in the Presence of 1,2,3‐ 1H‐Benzotriazole.
Authors: TAKAHASHI I. , TSUZUKI M. , KITAJIMA H.
Published: September 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Rate Coefficients for Reactions of Several Hydrofluorocarbons with OH and O(1D) and Their Atmospheric Lifetimes
Authors: SCHMOLTNER A. M. , TALUKDAR R. K. , WARREN R. F. , MELLOUKI A. , GOLDFARB L. , GIERCZAK T. , MCKEEN S. A. , RAVISHANKARA A. R.
Published: September 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Functionalized Methylenecyclopropanes from Cyclopropenes.
Authors: BAIRD M. S. , SHORTT M. F. , HUSSAIN H. H. , AL DULAYYMI J. R.
Published: September 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Electrophilic Reactions at Single Bonds. Part 26. Oxygenation of Bicyclo(2.2.1)heptane and Bicyclo(2.2.2)octane with Nitronium Tetrafluoroborate.
Authors: OLAH G. A. , RAMAIAH P.
Published: September 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Photoinduced Molecular Transformations. Part 140. New One‐Step General Synthesis of Naphtho(2,3‐b)furan‐4,9‐diones and Their 2,3‐Dihydro Derivatives by the Regioselective (3 + 2)Photoaddition of 2‐Hydroxy‐1, 4‐naphthoquinones with Various Alkynes and Alkenes: Application of the Photoaddition to a Two‐Step Synthesis of Maturinone.
Authors: KOBAYASHI K. , SHIMIZU H. , SASAKI A. , SUGINOME H.
Published: September 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Unexpected Hydantoin Formation in the Attempted Amidation with 2‐ Aminobenzophenone of Glyoxylic Acid Using Dicyclohexylcarbodiimide.
Authors: BRINGMANN G. , MADER T. , PETERS K. , VON SCHNERING H. G.
Published: September 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Pharmacological Activity of Imidazo(2,1‐b)benzothiazole Acids.
Authors: GRANDOLINI G. , AMBROGI V. , PERIOLI L. , DE CAPRARIIS P. , PALAGIANO F. , RIMOLI M. G. , LAMPA E. , D'AMICO M.
Published: September 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.