bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Liquid petroleum gas flame in a double-swirl gas turbine model combustor: Lean blow-out, pollutant, preheating
Authors: Mardani Amir , Rastaaghi Hamed , Ghomshi Alireza
Published: April 2020

In this paper, lean blow-out limits in a double swirl GT model combustor were investigated experimentally for liquid petroleum gas fuel. The lean blow-out curve was extracted for different combustor configurations. While burner could operate reasonably under ultra-lean conditions, two different sets of operating conditions, one with a low flow rate and another one with high flow rate, are identified and studied in terms of lean blow-out and pollutant. Results showed that while the flame structure was similar in both cases, the chamber responses to geometrical changes and also preheating are minimal at the low flow rate. That means confinement and injector type have desirable effects on stability borders but not for the low flow rate. The channeled injector shifted down the lean blow-out limit around 28% at high flow rate. Measurements on the combustor exhaust gas composition and temperature indicate a region with relatively complete combustion and reasonable temperature and a very low level of exhaust NOx pollutants (i. e., below 10 ppm) at about 25-50% above the lean blow-out. In this operating envelope, a burner power increment led to a higher exhaust average temperature and combustion efficiency, while NOx formation decreased. Preheating the inlet air up to 100?C results in an improvement in burner stability in about 10%, but NOx production intensifies more than three times. Results indicate that the lean blow-out limit is con-figured more by the burner design and aerodynamic aspects rather than the fuel type.
Effect of air preheating, exhaust gas re-circulation and hydrogen enrichment on biodiesel/methane dual fuel engine
Authors: Mohanasundaram Kavin , Govindan Nagarajan
Published: April 2020

An experimental study was carried out to investigate the effect of intake air pre-heating, exhaust gas re-circulation, and hydrogen enrichment on performance, combustion, and emission characteristics of CH4/waste cooking oil biodiesel fuelled compression ignition engine in dual fuel mode. Methyl ester derived from waste cooking oil was used as a pilot fuel which was directly injected into the combustion chamber at the end of the compression stroke. The CH4/hydrogen-enriched methane was injected as the main fuel in the intake port during the suction stroke using a low pressure electronic port fuel injector which is controlled by an electronic control unit. The experiments were conducted at a constant speed and at the maximum load. Experimental results indicated that the increase in energy share of gaseous fuel extends the ignition delay. With air preheating the thermal efficiency increased to 49% and 55% of CH4 and hydrogen-enriched CH4 energy share, respectively. The CO and HC emissions were higher in CH4 combustion with biodiesel when compared to the conventional diesel operation at full load and a reduction in CO and HC was observed with air preheating. Lower NOx were observed with gaseous fuel combustion and it further reduced with exhaust gas re-circulation but NOx increased by preheating the intake air. Improvement in thermal efficiency with a reduction in HC and CO was observed with hydrogen-enriched CH4.
Anomalous diffusion and heat transfer on comb structure with anisotropic relaxation in fractal porous media
Authors: Wang Zhaoyang , Zheng Liancun , Ma Lianxi , Chen Goong
Published: April 2020

A kind of anomalous diffusion and heat transfer on a comb structure with anisotropic relaxation are studied, which can be used to model many problems in bio-logic and nature in fractal porous media. The Hausdorff derivative is introduced and new governing equations is formulated in view of fractal dimension. Numerical solutions are obtained and the Fox H-function analytical solutions is given for special cases. The particles spatial-temporal evolution and the mean square displacement vs. time are presented. The effects of backbone and finger relaxation parameters, and the time fractal parameter are discussed. Results show that the mean square displacement decreases with the increase of backbone parameter or the decrease of finger relaxation parameter in a short of time, but they have little effect on mean square displacement in a long period. Particularly, the mean square displacement has time dependence in the form of t?/2 (0 < ? ? 1)when t>?, which indicates that the diffusion is an anomalous sub-diffusion and heat transfer.
Modeling of gas parameters in the cylinder of the automatic gun during firing
Authors: Jevtic Dejan , Mickovic Dejan , Jaramaz Slobodan , Elek Predrag , Markovic Milos , Zivkovic Sasa
Published: April 2020

The change of gas parameters in the cylinder of the automatic gun has a great influence on the dynamics of the gun. Many factors have an influence on the gas parameters in the gas cylinder such as the diameter and position of the gas port, the initial volume of the gas cylinder, the gap between the piston and the cylinder, initial temperature of the cylinder parts, etc. The analytical model was made to analyze the parameters on which depends gas piston dynamics. The numerical simulation with CFD software ANSYS Fluent was performed to analyze the change of the thermodynamic properties of the gases in the cylinder, temperature change of the cylinder parts and dynamics of the gas piston. The experiment was performed to provide pressures in the barrel and the gas cylinder and velocity of the gas piston. The comprehensive comparisons between results obtained by the analytical model, the numerical simulation and experiments have been performed and good agreements were observed.
Research on thermal equilibrium performance of liquid-cooled lithium-ion power battery system at low temperature
Authors: Sun Xudong , Xu Xiaoming , Fu Jiaqi , Tang Wei , Yuan Qiuqi
Published: April 2020

The development of electric vehicles is an important trend in the automotive industry, in which the performance of power batteries is greatly affected by temperature. In recent years, it has been widely concerned that the performance of power batteries at low temperature will lead to the vehicle failure to start because of the bad thermal equilibrium of power battery heating system. This paper studies the thermal equilibrium performance of battery liquid heating system at low temperature. Inlet temperature, heating time, ambient temperature, and their coupling relationship to battery thermal equilibrium performance are studied by orthogonal experimental design method. It is expected that this study can provide reference for the parameter selection of battery heating system.
The effect of uniform magnetic field on spatial-temporal evolution of thermocapillary convection with the silicon oil based ferrofluid
Authors: Yang Shuo , Ma Rui , Deng Qiaosheng , Wang Guofeng , Gao Yu , Ma Shanshan
Published: April 2020

A uniform axial or transverse magnetic field is applied on the silicon oil based ferrofluid of high Prandtl number fluid (Pr ? 111.67), and the effect of magnetic field on the thermocapillary convection is investigated. It is shown that the location of vortex core of thermocapillary convection is mainly near the free surface of liquid bridge due to the inhibition of the axial magnetic field. A velocity stagnation region is formed inside the liquid bridge under the axial magnetic field (B = 0.3-0.5 T). The disturbance of bulk reflux and surface flow is suppressed by the increasing axial magnetic field. There is a dynamic response of free surface deformation to the axial magnetic field, and then the contact angle variation of the free surface at the hot corner is as following, ?hot, B = 0.5 T = 83.34? > ?hot, B = 0.3 T = 72.16? > > ?hot,B = 0.1 T = 54.21? > ?hot, B = 0 T = 43.33?. The results show that temperature distribution near the free surface is less and less affected by thermocapillary convection with the increasing magnetic field, and it presents a characteristic of heat-conduction. In addition, the transverse magnetic field does not realize the fundamental inhibition for thermocapillary convection, but it transfers the influence of thermocapillary convection to the free surface.
Understanding Collaboration and Sustainable Tourism Development
Authors: Liburd Dr. Janne
Published: April 2020

This chapter will provide conceptual clarifications of collaboration and sustainable development, and their application to tourism. Collaboration is not new in the contexts of tourism research, tourism higher education or the tourism industry. Academic life thrives on selection, classification and informed judgement, which are not at odds with collaboration. Without argument and counterargument, knowledge cannot be advanced. Tourism destinations are made up of many industry actors and stakeholders who are engaged in a myriad of networks and collaborative efforts. Tourists readily choose between destinations in a globally competitive field. Many travel to over-crowded destinations, where the tourism sector drives the destination to accommodate its demands, which may be at odds with sustainably living within the needs and wants of the destination and its local inhabitants. This chapter will attempt to overcome the all too frequent gap between sustainability in tourism theory and practice, by focusing on collaborative dimensions and possible critical engagements. The overall objective is to add three aspects to the current literature and appreciative understanding of the importance of collaboration for sustainable tourism development.
Personal Interest (Ir )Responsible Tourists
Authors: Hergesell Anja , Edwards Deborah , Zins Andreas H.
Published: April 2020

One of the key factors shaping the future of tourism is climate change (Becken & Hay, 2007; Dwyer et al., 2009; Nordin, 2005). Burns and Bibbings (2009) even predict “the end of tourism” should current consumption patterns prevail. There is an alternative to this future, but to develop “new imaginations for the sustainable development” of tourism we must understand the wicked problem of tourists’ environmental behavior. Tourists’ environmental behavior impacts on sustainable development to varying degrees (Becken et al, 2003; Metz et al., 2007) depending on whether they behave responsibly or irresponsibly. People consider holidays as a break from everyday life (Becken, 2004; Dolnicar & Grün, 2009) which suggests that people may behave differently when they are tour- ists. For this reason, this chapter explores tourists’ uptake of environmental behaviors by examining their propensity to responsible environmental behavior while travelling. A better understanding of tourists’ environmental behavior can lead to strategies that support collaborative actions “towards facilitating tourism development that is inherently sustainable” (Jennings, 2018). Environmental behavior is a very complex field of research (Hergesell, 2017). Such behavior is determined by a range of internal and external factors with the significance of these factors differing dependent on the person, the context and the type of behavior under study. The question is hence how to reduce ‘irresponsible’ behavior.
Imagining Collaborative Tourism Futures
Authors: Jennings Gayle R.
Published: April 2020

Wicked problems of the world—poverty, health and wellbeing, equality, climate change, refugee crises, sustainability, ... ; continue to challenge humankind. Despite decades of collaborations, partnerships, policies and research, these wicked problems remain primarily unresolved and manifold. This is not unexpected as this is inherent in the nature of wicked problems. As Horst Rittel (1967 in Churchman, 1967) and Rittel and Webber (1973) noted, wicked problems are marked by the inability to provide a universal solution and a universal research approach. Instead the problems are context specific and continually transmogrify – there is no end point. In addition, they can overlap, interrelate, interconnect and intersect. In framing the nature of a wicked problem, the knowledge sets and experiences, social situatedness, respective insider- or outsider-ness and worldviews of the various stakeholders involved play critical roles with regard to how the problem is addressed. They inform and shape what is given attention and why; what is included or excluded and why; as well as the methodologies and methods used. Every attempt to address a wicked problem leaves a legacy including repercussions and unintended consequences. There is no undoing of actions. As four of the manifold stakeholders concerned with wicked problems, researchers, planners, designers and practitioners have the task of “improv[ing] some [of the] characteristics of the world where people live ...” (Rittel & Webber, 1973:167). These four stakeholders, like all stakeholders, are responsible for the consequences of their actions and ongoing ramifications associated with the redress of wicked problems. Unlike traditional “scientized” (Xiang, 2013: 2) linear approaches used to address solvable, or ‘tame’, problems; non-linear, social process-based problem-solving approaches are required for wicked problems. Rather than outcomes being supported/not supported or validated/not validated in the case of tame problems, strategies used to address wicked problems are usually evaluated using criteria, such as “better or worse”, and are always influenced by stakeholder viewpoints (Rittel & Webber, 1973:163). As a consequence of the nature of wicked problems, there is no ‘quick fix’ or easy way to address these ‘malignant’, ‘vicious’, ‘tricky’, ‘aggressive’ – wicked problems (Rittel & Webber, 1973:160).
Reflections on Research Paradigms
Authors: Liburd Janne , Edwards Deborah
Published: April 2020

The journey of Collaboration for Sustainable Tourism Development has aimed high by keeping heads in the clouds and feet on the ground, to visit critical and optimistic possibilities for what sustainable tourism development was, is, and may become. This chapter gives substance to the potential of collaboration for sustainable tourism development by indicating the significance of imagina- tion. Envisaging tourism futures implies that tourism researchers, students, practitioners, policy makers – all stakeholders – engender other kinds of relationships, interactions and conversations to imagine what could be. It is a feasible process of designing with as an ethical, ongoing involvement of others through a respect for their ways of being in the world, their sense of values and aspirations for better tourism futures in a better world. In this chapter, we do so by leveraging the variations of interpretation represented in the making of this book and the previous fourteen chapters. This book encompasses philosophical, conceptual and empirical research to expose conditions, empirical circumstances and underpinning values. The contributions meet in the application of the concept of collaboration to uncover what sustainable tourism development was, and presently is, and signposts how unknown futures can be imagined. Imagining collaborative tourism futures is predicated on epistemological and mutually shared responsibilities. These obligations cannot alone be captured by academics engaged in a persistent quest for knowledge, critical dialogue and thinking tourism into the future. Responsibilities are intimately connected to a holistic understanding of collaborative engagements with the wider world in shaping desirable futures. Imaginations of collaborative tourism futures are a response to current limitations of sustainable tourism development, where we charter the contours of tourism futures to tackle wider societal problems.
Marital satisfaction of visually impaired couples
Authors: Suaidi Nur Zahra , Saili Jamayah
Published: April 2020

Despite the relatively high degree of research among disabilities in Malaysia, there remains lack of research on issues and challenges faced by visually impaired couples. Visually impaired couples may experience different set of challenges and seek different needs for a satisfying married life as compared to typical couples. The research was conducted qualitatively by interviewing four visually impaired couples. The analysis of in-depth interviews with the couples yields three main themes which are the challenges, the coping strategies, and the future hopes of the visually impaired couples.
Ingraining goal orientation behavior among Malaysian adolescents using Solution-focused group work (SFGW)
Authors: Shunmugam Ratnadevi R , Noah Sidek Mohd. , Jaafar Wan Marzuki Wan
Published: April 2020

Setting goals can be reviewed as aspirations for future betterment especially among adolescents. Goal-setting process involves aspects like future planning, principles, values, priorities, application of knowledge and decision making.  This process varies according to individual needs and requires different approaches and guidance. Literature review prevailed that the essential ingredient of Solution-focused approach is setting goals. Solution-focused techniques found to be vital and crucial in assisting adolescents to set goals. Two objectives were drawn through literature reviews. Objective one is to determine the effectiveness of SFGW in increasing adolescent’s goal orientation behavior mean score between pre-test, post-test and follow-up test.  And, the second objective is to compare the effects between SFGW intervention module (treatment group) and traditional module (control group) on goal orientation mean score for post-test and follow-up test.  This is a true experimental with pre-test and post-test design using Solution-focused module and administration of questionnaires for data collection. A total of 66 samples who met the inclusion requirement were assigned randomly to experimental (n = 32) and control (n = 34) groups using paired-matched design.  The samples in experimental group were given treatment using the SFGW intervention program for seven weeks.  After the completion of the treatment, posttest and follow-up test were carried out and data was collected using Goal Orientation Scale.  The collected data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent samples t-test, and one-way repeated measure ANOVA.  The study discloses that SFGW does significantly affect the level of goal orientation behavior among Malaysian adolescents.
FORMAÇÃO DE PROFESSORES(AS) DO CAMPO: UMA POLÍTICA NO CONTEXTO DAS MUTAÇÕES NO MUNDO DO TRABALHO
Authors: Zientarski Clarice , Menezes Hermeson Claudio Mendonça , Silva Sônia De Oliveira da
Published: April 2020

O trabalho discute a formação de professores desenvolvida no Estado do Ceará/Brasil, tendo como mote as relações que se estabelecem entre as mutações do mundo do trabalho e suas reverberações na Educação do Campo. O estudo fundamenta-se nas análises de dados coletados em questionários aplicados aos Cursistas da ação “Escola da Terra: formação de professores de Escolas Multisseriadas do campo e quilombolas”, desenvolvida em 17 municípios do Estado do Ceará, ao longo dos anos de 2015-2016, fruto de uma pesquisa de natureza quali-quantitativa. A estrutura argumentativa deste trabalho, suas problematizações e considerações revelam a importância fulcral dos movimentos sociais, da consciência de classe dos trabalhadores diante do quadro evidenciado em que a formação dos professores apresenta-se fragilizada, fragmentada, descontextualizada e aligeirada. Os resultados indicam desde a incompreensão de categorias como campo, educação do campo e as concepções teóricas que referenciam as práticas pedagógicas. Além disso as respostas indicaram incongruências entre as teorias pedagógicas adotadas pelos professores e o conhecimento dos teóricos criadores dessas teorias.
DOCÊNCIA UNIVERSITÁRIA NO CURSO DE MEDICINA VETERINÁRIA: PERCURSOS DA FORMAÇÃO DOCENTE
Authors: Silva Neta Maria De Lourdes da , Oliveira Denilson Cursino de , Pacheco Mayara Alves Loiola , Barroso Matheus Paiva Serpa
Published: April 2020

A formação de professores tem sido objeto de pesquisas no Brasil e em outros países. Desse modo, escolhemos como objeto desta pesquisa a formação dos docentes de um curso de Medicina Veterinária ofertado em uma Instituição de Ensino Superior (IES) pública, objetivando investigar o percurso formativo dos professores para o exercício da docência universitária. O referencial teórico basilar foi constituído pelos estudos de Almeida e Pimenta (2009), Costa (2007), Cunha (2006), Patres e Barbosa (2003), dentre outros. A pesquisa de abordagem quali e quanti aliou-se ao estudo de caso e às técnicas de coleta de dados bibliográfica e documental atentando para as indicações da LDB (nº 9394/96) e do projeto pedagógico do curso (PPC), analisando o currículo Lattes de 61 docentes. Os dados apontaram que na formação inicial acadêmica dos professores de Medicina Veterinária prevalecem os cursos de bacharelado, com 50 docentes doutores e a oferta de cursos de formação contínua chancelados pela IES pesquisada, bem como a disseminação de políticas internas destinadas ao desenvolvimento profissional dos docentes da instituição.
CONVERGÊNCIAS E TENSÕES NA PRODUÇÃO ACADÊMICA SOBRE CURRÍCULO DA EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL
Authors: Santos Sandro Vinicius Sales dos , Barroso Fabiana Pinheiro , Nascimento Jessica Mayara
Published: April 2020

O texto analisa a produção acadêmica brasileira que, entre os anos de 2009 e 2018, investigou a temática do currículo para as instituições de Educação Infantil. Nesse período, foram encontrados 10 artigos publicados nas revistas Qualis A1 e A2 do campo educacional – corpus de análise que após ser estudado foi agrupado nas categorias: contributos das crianças para o currículo da Educação Infantil; análises de políticas de currículo em creches e pré-escolas e; revisões teóricas, históricas e ou de literatura. A análise evidenciou que os artigos consideram a organização do currículo por campos de experiência como um arranjo curricular que respeita as especificidades das instituições que compõem a primeira etapa da Educação Básica. Por outro lado, a produção apresenta tensões e dispersões que ressaltam aspectos ainda pouco explorados da organização do currículo para creches e pré-escolas.
Charles Peirce and the origins of North American pragmatism
Authors: Anderson Douglas
Published: April 2020

Os primeiros pragmatistas americanos são, muitas vezes, abordados separadamente com foco em suas diferenças. Este ensaio introdutório destina-se simplesmente a lembrar o quanto eles tinham em estima os trabalhos uns dos outros e compartilhavam entre si uma variedade de perspectivas em suas respectivas visões de mundo. Sobretudo, eles acreditavam que estamos sempre em busca de novos conhecimentos por meio da experiência, do pensamento e do experimento. Eles consideravam suas próprias visões de mundo serem hipóteses sobre as realidades do mundo que experimentamos. E cada um deles acreditava que os extremos de dogmatismo e ceticismo são perspectivas que nos impedirão de aprendermos mais. No que se segue, apenas recordo aos leitores alguns de seus pensamentos em comum.
The semiotic resilient mind: conflictual and agapic relationship between logical and emotional interpretants
Authors: Ibri Ivo Assad
Published: April 2020

Por mente resiliente, quero dizer a capacidade de toda mente de lidar com a dureza da alteridade, que exige um esforço contínuo para permitir o desenvolvimento de hábitos de conduta. O predicado da resiliência vem da capacidade da mente de se autocorrigir, cada vez que esses hábitos perdem sua eficiência mediativa, exigindo, portanto, a reconstrução de novas mediações cognitivas como hábitos de ação. Neste artigo, proponho refletir sobre o conjunto de interpretantes semióticos proposto por Peirce com o objetivo de explorar sua faceta habitual. Com esta linha de análise, pretendo mostrar que a resiliência é uma propriedade necessária que toda mente deve ter no mais alto grau para lidar com o conflito entre interpretantes emocionais e lógicos, onde a predominância do primeiro em detrimento do segundo pode gerar situações agudas de sofrimento psicológico bloqueando o acesso a representações que, de outra forma, poderiam romper a força bruta da alteridade.
“The general secret of rendering signs effective:” on the Aristotelian roots of Peirce’s conception of rhetoric as a dynamis, téchne and semeiotic form of the summum bonum
Authors: Topa Alessandro
Published: April 2020

Neste e no próximo artigo, buscamos articular a visão compreensiva arquitetônica de Peirce a respeito do fenômeno da retórica relacionando sua abordagem em Ideas, Stray or Stolen, about Scientific Writing (MS 774, 1904) com seu tratamento na classificação muito negligenciado das ciências práticas (MS 1343, 1903). Neste artigo, primeiro, reconstruímos o principal eixo conceitual de Ideas, Stray or Stolen, que é erguido pelos termos ‘arte universal da retórica’, ‘retórica ordinária’, e ‘retórica especulativa’. Na medida em que este eixo nos guia para a classificação dos estudos especiais da retórica que Peirce propõe na seção final de Ideas, Stray or Stolen, a cuidadosa reconstrução deste eixo constitui um dever hermenêutico, a negligência do qual impediria uma compreensão adequada do que Peirce está classificando no fim de sua abordagem mais madura da Retórica Especulativa (Seção I). Em seguida, procedemos à exposição das raízes aristotélicas da concepção de Peirce da arte universal da retórica (Seção II) e analisamos a relação intrínseca que a semiose retórica tem com o summum bonum como uma de suas formas evolutivas históricas (Seção III). Se esta interpretação da concepção de retórica do Peirce é adequado, no entanto, devemos esperar que ele nos dê em algum lugar uma descrição da capacidade de evolução da retórica – e portanto, de crescer – antes de tudo. Será a tarefa de um segundo artigo subsequente mostrar que e de que maneira a concepção de Peirce da a retórica como ciência prática (τέχνη) e faculdade instintiva (δύναμις) enraizado no “instinto gráfico” (MS 1343) responde pela sua capacidade para o crescimento.
Green infrastructure indicators for urban planning: applying the integrated approach for Russian largest cities
Authors: Klimanova Oxana A. , Illarionova Olga I.
Published: April 2020

Modern approaches to urban planning assume the dualistic nature of urban green infrastructure (GI). On the one hand, green infrastructure is as an integrated network of natural and semi-natural areas, featuring a delivery of various benefits to humans. On the other hand, GI is multifunctional and provides the residents by complex of ecosystem services to be user-oriented. Most official reports and programs use common indicators that do not characterize distribution, dynamics or state of GI. In our research, we assessed the quality of GI in 15 largest Russian cities by using an integrated assessment of 13 indicators that make up three groups: the ones 1) characterizing general GI availability; 2) supporting a comfortable urban environment («recreational indicators»); and 3) forming a stable ecosystem («integrity indicators»). The cities were ranked by values of every indicator from 1 to 15 and then the results were summed and normalized to get a total mark (max. 100). To assess the development of GI elements of each group, we also ranked cities separately by values of different groups indicators. Thus, our study revealed that satisfactory marks for both recreational and integrity indicators have Ufa, Nizhny Novgorod, Kazan, Ekaterinburg, Perm and Voronezh. In contrast, Saint Petersburg, being a densely built-up city in an auspicious natural zone, got the worst result. According to the final assessment, the quality of green infrastructure in Krasnoyarsk, a large industrial city, and four cities from the steppe zone (Rostov-on-Don, Samara, Omsk, Novosibirsk) is also unsatisfactory. Our method does not cover all GI aspects (like vegetation health) and since it is based solely on remote sensing data and statistics data, there is definitely a room for improvement. However, this method, while being relatively quick and simple to accomplish, allows to assess not only general availability of GI, but its quality and distribution as well, which are essential for urban spatial planning.
Neighbourhood and perceptions in small cities on different Russian borders
Authors: Zotova Maria V. , Gritsenko Anton A.
Published: April 2020

National neighbourhood have a significant influence on the life of people living along the state borders. They shape human interactions across borders and border residents’ attitude towards neighbours. Many concepts like ‘neighbourhood’, ‘proximity’, ‘trust’, ‘(un)familiarity’, and ‘otherness’ are usually used to explain this processes in border studies. However, insufficient attention has been paid to the comparing of perceptions, life strategies and everyday life of borderland population depends on neighbouring policy, border regime and neighbourship. Here we focus on different Russian borders with Ukraine (the new contested border in Crimea), Kazakhstan (the EAEU`s internal border), and China (old international and contact border) using different sources of information, including expert interviews as well as field observations and focus groups conducted with locals. We find that people differentiate between the neighbors they know and the neighbouring state they do not trust. Significant differences between neighbouring territories, unfamiliarity, and otherness are not allowed to get in the way of contact, because it is this contact that allows local residents to make a living. In conclusion, our results suggest that while the objective differences between the various sections of Russian borders serve to diversify the neighbourhood situations, their subjective perceptions and social representations serve to unite them.
Spatial patterns of adverse birth outcomes among black and white women in Massachusetts – the role of population-level and individual-level factors
Authors: Ogneva-Himmelberger Yelena A. , Haynes Madeline
Published: April 2020

This study explores spatial distribution of adverse birth outcomes (ABO), defined as low birth weight (<=2500 g) and preterm deliveries (gestational age <37 weeks), in black and white mothers in the state of Massachusetts, USA. It uses 817877 individual birth records from 2000-2014 aggregated to census tracts (census enumeration unit with population of approximately 4500 people). To account for small numbers of births in some tracts, an Empirical Bayes smoother algorithm is used to calculate ABO rates. The study applies ordinary least squares (OLS) and spatial regression to examine the relationship between ABO rates, seven individual-level factors from birth certificates and nine population-level factors (income level, education level, race) from census data. Explanatory power of these factors varies between the two races. In models based only on individual-level factors, all seven factors were significant (p<0.05) in the black mothers’ model while only three were significant in the white mothers’ model. Models based only on population-level variables produced better results for the white mothers than for black mothers. Models that included both individual and population-level variables explained 40% and 29% of ABO variance for black and white women respectively. The findings from this study give health-care providers and health-care policy-makers important information regarding ABO rates and the contributing factors at a local level, thus enabling them to isolate specific areas with the highest need for targeted interventions.
Climatic and topographic tolerance limits of wild boar in Eurasia: implications for their expansion
Authors: Bosch Jaime , Iglesias Irene , Martínez Marta , De la Torre Ana
Published: April 2020

Wild boar populations have continuously grown over the last century. This increase has led to various conflicts, including damage to agriculture and disturbed population equilibrium in natural areas, and it is a health threat due to animal and zoonotic infectious diseases, all with a high economic impact (e.g. Classical Swine Fever, African swine fever, tuberculosis or brucellosis). Addressing these problems requires understanding the geographic, climatic and topographic tolerance limits of wild boar. In this work, we determine these limits in Eurasia by spatially comparing the most widely accepted map on wild boar distribution (International Union for Conservation of Nature ,IUCN, 2008) with georeferenced records of wild boar presence (n = 34,233) gather from ecological and health sources. Results suggest a geographical expansion of the wild boar in the Eurasian zone outside the traditionally area described by the IUCN map. The specie has entered new biotopes and ecoregions, such as the equatorial region, where its presence is mainly associated with the large Asian plant monocultures. These results will support the development of population models, identification of permanent populations and habitats, and more effective decision-making about health and natural resource management.
Leaves of trees and shrubs as bioindicators of air pollution by particulate matter in Saint Petersburg
Authors: Terekhina Nataliia V. , Ufimtseva Margarita D.
Published: April 2020

Accumulation of chemical elements by leaves of trees and shrubs in urban (Central District of St. Petersburg) and background habitats were studied. To determine proportion of pollutants accumulating on the surface of leaves, chemical content of washed and unwashed leaves were analyzed. The results of the study showed that big part (19-62%) of pollutants is deposited on the surface of leaves of urban lindens, and only 10% on the surface of leaves from background places. Average difference between quantity of particulate matter for them is 4 times. Tilia cordata and Ulmus laevis has the highest value of ash content between washing and washing leaves. The level of contamination (Kk) showed high values for Fe (8.83), Co (7.47), Cr (5.62), Pb (4.31), Zn (3.04) for unwashed leaves of urban lindens; for the washed leaves this index slightly increased only for Fe (3.12) and Pb (2.13). Accumulative ability depends on the structure of leaf blade of each species, and the ecological situation of the habitat. Ulmus laevis, Tilia cordata, Populus sp., and Rosa rugosa accumulate more pollutants, and can be recommended for protective green plantings. Tilia cordata, as the most common species in the city green spaces, can be used as an indicator of the level of atmospheric pollution.
New trends in urban environmental health research: from geography of diseases to therapeutic landscapes and healing gardens
Authors: Dushkova Diana , Ignatieva Maria
Published: April 2020

Urban living style is associated with various negative impacts on human health, e.g. connected with the environmental problems. Thus, promoting health of urban population is nowadays one of the most challenging issues of the 21st century together with the growing needs for sustainable development and establishment of the biophilic or livable cities. It is increasing awareness among researchers and health practitioners of the potential benefits to the health from activities in natural settings and especially from regular contact with nature, which can be perceived as a preventive medical tool. This paper discusses the close relationship between the concepts of health-supporting landscapes and sustainability in modern cities based on literature review and case studies from EU, Russian and Australian projects. We first review the historical and modern paradigms (of the various disciplines) which determine the discourse in nature – human health and well-being research. This includes examination of Hippocrates «naturalistic history», Humboldt’s concept of natural garden design; Oertel ‘s ‘Terrain Kur’; «salutogenic approach» of Antonovsky; McHarg’s Design with Nature; Ecopolis programme, Wilson’s biophilia and some other approaches. Then there is a comparative analysis of structural similarities and differences in the past and current scientific schools devoted to understanding human – landscape interaction. One of the principal arguments is that nature also has another value for health, regardless of natural remedies. It includes, for example, the healing of space, outdoor training trails in parks, everyday use of urban green spaces and peri-urban recreation areas for sport and exercises. We provide an analysis of some examples based on the modern concepts of biophilic cities, therapeutic landscapes, healing gardens, green infrastructure and nature-based solutions. This article also discusses the main types of healing gardens and therapeutic landscapes and suggests the framework of design principles of healing and therapeutic landscapes. The analysis proved that healing gardens and therapeutic landscapes provide multiple benefits and can be regarded as nature-based solutions. These essential aspects of multifunctionality, multiculturality and social inclusion are well intertwined with the approach of biophilia.
Multiple borders of Nagorno-Karabakh
Authors: Kolosov Vladimir A. , Zotova Maria V.
Published: April 2020

Though the agreement on ceasefire between Armenian and Azerbaijani troops in Nagorno-Karabakh was concluded more than 25 years ago, there is no progress in the negotiations between the sides. The conflict is intrinsically related to the partition of territory between the areas de facto controlled by the non-recognized Republic of NagornoKarabakh, boundaries of which do not match the administrative borders of Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Region in the Soviet period, and Azerbaijan. This paper considers the geopolitical situation of Nagorno-Karabakh through the lenses of its cross-border interactions and bordering. This notion widely used in contemporary border studies means not only border delimitation and management, but also the constant process of change in their functions, regime, and social importance. Such change can result, for instance, from the transformation of political strategies, shifts on the international arena and bilateral relations, currency exchange rates and global market prices, as well as in the course of the everyday practice and interactions. The authors analyzed first the existing pattern of borders in the context of security. Then they characterized de-bordering and interactions between Nagorno-Karabakh and its patron state, Armenia, describing the adaptation of the Karabakhi population and economy to the lack of international recognition. The demarcation line with Azerbaijan remains one of the rare cases of a completely closed border. One of the main and potentially long-term obstacles in finding a solution is the cultivation of the «image of the enemy» on both sides of this border.
Práticas pedagógicas na educação infantil: o currículo como instrumento de governo dos pequenos
Authors: Dominico Eliane , Lira Aliandra Cristina , Saito Heloisa , Yaegashi Solange
Published: April 2020

O texto discute as práticas pedagógicas na educação infantil, problematiza o currículo a partir de sua efetivação e pondera em que medida os encaminhamentos metodológicos conduzem à participação significativa das crianças. Toma como referencial os estudos de Barbosa, Foucault, Oliveira e Ostetto, que ajudam a identificar os tensionamentos e as ambiguidades relacionados às práticas desenvolvidas com as crianças em dois centros municipais de educação infantil, localizados em uma cidade de médio porte no interior do Paraná, no Sul do Brasil. Para a coleta de dados, foram realizadas observações e entrevistas semiestruturadas com oito professoras e duas gestoras. Foi possível reconhecer que as práticas docentes tendem a privilegiar atividades de controle e direção das crianças, com pouco espaço para o exercício e a construção da autonomia infantil, configurando-se em estratégias de governo dessa população.
Diretrizes para Autores
Authors: Executiva Editoria
Published: April 2020

A Revista Brasileira de Estudos Pedagógicos (RBEP) publica apenas textos inéditos. É um periódico de acesso aberto sob licença Creative Commons, portanto, permite compartilhar, distribuir, exibir e fazer trabalhos derivados de seu conteúdo, desde que se atribuam os créditos devidos.A exatidão das informações e os conceitos e opiniões emitidos nos textos submetidos são de exclusiva responsabilidade dos autores (as), não refletindo, necessariamente, a opinião da equipe editorial da Revista. A RBEP prima pelas boas práticas científicas com base nas diretrizes do Comittee on Publication Ethics (Cope) e empenha-se em coibir más condutas, como plágio ou possíveis violações éticas.
The Relationship Between Dialysis Adequacy And Fatigue In Patients On Maintenance Hemodialysis
Authors: Suparti Sri , Sodikin Sodikin , Endiyono Endiyono
Published: April 2020

Fatigue and inadequacy dialysis are common problem in hemodialysis patients. The dialysis inadequacy can cause an increased progression of impaired renal function, as well as the increased morbidity and mortality, and declining productivity of hemodialysis patients. Fatigue prevalence ranged from 44,7- 97% from mild to severe. Fatigue is a common complaint of hemodialysis patients that can lower physical function and life quality. To determine the correlation between adequacy and the fatigue level of the patients with End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) undergoing hemodialysis. This study used a descriptive analytic and cross sectional approach involving 75 respondents and the FACIT-G Questionnaire was used to collect the data. The inclusion criteria are male and female patients aged 18 -70, undergoing hemodialysis for more than 3 months with a frequency of 2 times at least 4 hours, composmentis patients. The adequacy hemodialysis was assessed using the Kt/V formula. All data were collected during the session of hemodialysis. Pearson Product moment test wes used to analyze the data. The mean dialysis adequacy was 1.43±0.380, 57(76%) only 13 (17.3%) patients had adequate dialysis (minimum laboratory standard Kt / v = 1.8) and inadequate were 62 (82.7%) patients. The mean of fatigue was 20.07 and 62 (82.7%) respondents experienced severe fatigue. There was no significant correlation between adequacy and the fatigue level of the patients with ESRD undergoing hemodialysis with p value 0.504 (α> 0.05). Mostly patients had inadequate dialysis, both adequate and inadequate dialysis patients had experience fatigue from mild to severe. Multiple individuale and personnel factors affect dialysis adequacy directly or conversely.
Patients Experience and Perception in Preventing Tuberculosis Transmission in Rural Areas: A Qualitative Research
Authors: Sulistyono R Endro , Susanto Tantut , Tristiana Rr Dian
Published: April 2020

Tuberculosis (TB) transmission awareness is crucial for TB prevention in the community. However, efforts to prevent TB transmission from TB patients' perspectives, especially in the rural area, are not well documented. This study aimed to explore the efforts made by TB patients in preventing transmission to the community. This research was qualitative research with a phenomenological approach. Participants in this study were 12 people selected by purposive sampling. Data collection was done by in-depth interviews and recorded. Data analysis was carried out by thematic analysis. This study produced seven themes: perception of TB disease, performing alternative treatments, using personal protective equipment, environmental modification, adhering to treatment, limiting interactions with others, and increasing food intake. Knowledge and awareness of TB patients are still an issue in preventing the transmission of TB in the community. Immediate intervention needs to be made regarding increasing knowledge and awareness of TB patients and the supervision of health workers regularly in handling TB disease in the community.
Factors Related to the Low Nutritional Status among Tuberculosis Patients
Authors: Kurnia Anggraini Dwi , Masruroh Nurlailatul , Melizza Nur
Published: April 2020

Tuberculosis and malnutrition are serious problems. Tuberculosis causes malnutrition that potentially lessen patients’ immunity and increase the risk for activating tuberculosis. The purpose of this study was to identify the factors related to the low nutritional status among tuberculosis patients in Malang City. This research applied a corelational study. The subjects involved were tuberculosis patients with BMI<18.5. Chi-square and Fisher Exact Test were used to analyse the identified factors. Moreover, binary logistic regression to identify factors related to the low nutritional status among tuberculosis patients in Malang City. This study found almost half of participants (46.8%) had poor family knowledge about dietary TB patients. More than half of the participant’s culture (62.5%) was abstinence. A more than half of participant (59.6%) had Moderate malnutritions. There was no significant correlation between low nutritional satus and variable of gender p=1.000, education p=0.404, family knowledge p=0.767, and culture p=0.310. The significant correlation was occupational status with p=0.043. The binary logistic regression showed that tuberculosis patient with unoccupied are 1.286 times more likely to have a low nutritional status. Occupational status was the one factor that significantly related to the low nutritional status among TB patients in Malang City.
STRATEGI PENINGKATAN PENYADARAN ISU LINGKUNGAN BAGI SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR MELALUI PERMAINAN ULAR TANGGA: KONTRIBUSI UNPAD UNTUK PROGRAM CITARUM HARUM
Authors: Widianingsih Ida
Published: April 2020

Pemerintah Indonesia menggagas Program Citarum Harum pada akhir 2017 sebagai jawaban atas kritik rusaknya sungai strategis nasional tersebut. Upaya percepatan penanggulangan kerusakan Sungai Citarum memerlukan peran serta semua pihak, termasuk akademisi. Universitas Padjadjaran memperkenalkan program Kuliah Kerja Nyata (KKN Citarum Harum) pada medio tahun 2019 sebagai kontribusi nyata dunia akademik terhadap isu kerusakan sungai Citarum. Gagasan utama kegiatan ini adalah memfasilitasi berbagai kegiatan peduli Citarum Harum di 40  Desa prioritas  DAS Citarik. Artikel ini membahas tentang kegiatan kelompok mahasiswa KKN di Desa Cipanjalu dalam mensosialisasikan isu kerusakan Sungai Citarum melalui media permainan ular tangga.  Kegiatan tersebut diikuti oleh Siswa Kelas 5 SDN Pasir Luhur, Desa Cipanjalu dan memperoleh respon positif dari siswa, guru, serta kepala sekolah.