bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Implementation of citizenship education policies in a Chilean secondary school: The role of new leaders
Authors: López Andrea , Millán Cecilia , González Gustavo
Published: December 2024

This study explored the relationship between school leadership and the implementation of citizenship education (CE) in a Chilean public secondary school, in the context of different reforms in this area, which generate contradictions around the type of curriculum to be implemented, ranging from minimalist versions focused on civic education, to maximalist versions focused on active and critical citizenship. Among them, Law 20.911 (2016) stands out, which establishes that each school must have a citizenship education plan. A case study is presented in a borough where the local policy (municipality) incorporated leaderships that work full time to coordinate and implement CE in each of the schools of the borough, a novel initiative in the national context. An institutional ethnography was developed, which examines the relationship between what is institutionally defined at different levels and its implementation, exploring how CE operates from the perspective of the different actors and recognizing their power to translate policy into action. Institutional documents were reviewed, interviews were conducted with educational actors and classes and other formative instances were observed during a school year. The results show the challenges that leaders must face: the articulation between the municipal and school levels for the implementation of CE; the tension between accountability and the focus on the pedagogical meaning of CE; the reconciliation of different notions about CE within the school; and difficulties to involve the teaching staff in the implementation of CE, and to articulate CE with other school subjects, incorporating it into the curriculum.
Sustainable Water Management Practices at ETUT: Innovations and Policies
Authors: Mezilov Gurbanmyrat , Annamuradov Dovlet , Hojagulyyev Perman , Gurbanova Aylar , Gedayev Serdar , Orazov Yslam
Published: December 2024

The paper delves into the water management strategies of Oguz Han Engineering and Technology University of Turkmenistan (ETUT), emphasizing sustainable practices and regulatory compliance. ETUT employs various innovative techniques like rainwater collection through rain gardens, permeable pavement, and cisterns to mitigate runoff and enhance water quality. Rainwater is stored for irrigation, reducing reliance on municipal sources and contributing to groundwater recharge. A water-recycling program repurposes rainwater and fountain water, while innovative structures promote plant growth and water conservation by condensing atmospheric moisture. The university utilizes advanced wastewater treatment methods incorporating plants and microorganisms to purify water efficiently. Complying with national regulations ensures safe drinking water provision and resource protection. Regular monitoring aids in assessing policy effectiveness, fostering continuous improvement. ETUT's commitment to sustainability and environmental stewardship is reflected in its comprehensive water conservation program, fostering a culture of innovation and responsibility within the university community.
Influence of tillage, residue and nitrogen placement on maize growth and yield under conservation agriculture
Authors: Glotra Akshay , Jat Shankar Lal , Singh A K , Parihar C M , Pooniya Vijay , Kumar Sandeep , Meena M C , Padhan Smruti Ranjan , Ramniwas  , Kakraliya Manish , Mandal Abhijit
Published: December 2024

Conservation agriculture (CA) is changing the paradigm in production and productivity of maize-wheat system, but proper residue management and quantification, and application of nitrogen (N) are the main bottlenecks. In this context a field experiment was conducted in split plot design consisting of three crop establishment practices (CEPs) in main plots i.e., ZT with residue retention (ZT + R), zero tillage (ZT), conventional tillage (CT) and 4 N placement methods (NPMs) i.e., Control (only P and K applied), RDN: Recommended Dose of N (Band placement of 1/3rd N at sowing followed by surface placement of 1/3rd N during each at V6 (emerged six leaves with the complete collar visible) and tasselling stage, improved RDN (band placement of 1/3rd N as basal dose followed by 1/3rd nitrogen as subsurface placement at V6 stage followed by 1/3rd nitrogen as surface band placement at tasselling stage) and improved 80 % RDN (Band placement of 30 % N as basal followed by subsurface placement of 30 % N in maize (at V6 stage) and surface band placement of 20 % N in maize (at tasselling stage). The ZT + R treatment resulted in significantly higher plant height (6.61-7.02 %) and dry matter accumulation (DMA) (7.50-7.73 %) during different crop growth stages in maize compared to CT. The NPM involving subsurface placement of N at the V6 stage, that is, improved RDN, significantly increased plant height (2.37-2.73 %) and DMA (1.85-4.13 %) as compared to RDN during different crop growth stages. Significantly higher NDVI and lower CTD values were reported under ZT+R across crop growth stages over the years. ZT + R in combination with improved RDN resulted in significantly higher stover and biological yield by 10.40 and 10.10 %, respectively, as compared to CT with RDN. The improved 80 % RDN saved 20 % N to achieve the same level of productivity as the RDN, emphasising the role of the subsurface placement of nitrogen. Therefore, residue retention in ZT with improved RDN can enhance maize productivity in the Indo-Gangetic Plain and similar agro-ecologies. This research contributes to bridging the gap in nitrogen management under conservation agriculture.
Strengthening local academic publishing in the age of academic fast fashion [TILAMSIK]
Authors: Guinto Nicanor L.
Published: December 2024

Drawing upon Wolfgang Klein’s concerns from 1989 about the overwhelming pace of academic publications and its shrinking readership, this commentary proposes strengthening local academic publishers to mitigate the impact of “academic fast fashion” – an ensuing phenomenon within the market-oriented academic landscape characterized by the rapid production, consumption, and disposal of scientific knowledge. By reflecting on our experience of establishing and maintaining local academic journals in Southern Luzon, Philippines, I illustrate the challenges that can be faced in this endeavor. I argue that if given proper support by appropriate academic infrastructures, local academic publishing can tap into a diverse audience to distill competition in readership apparent in today’s globally-oriented academic landscape while simultaneously cultivating local knowledge economies. Opening academic discourse to unconventional readers through local academic publications can thus fulfill Klein’s vision for a more inclusive advancement of knowledge.
Meritocracy, governmental intervention, and academic nepotism: a South Korean academic publishing landscape [The Sociolinguistic Journal of Korea]
Authors: Kim Hojung , Baek Seungjoo , Jang In Chull
Published: December 2024

While engaging with Klein’s (1989. Schreiben oder Lesen, aber nicht beides, oder: Vorschlag zur Wiedereinführung der Keilschrift mittels Hammer und Meißel. Zeitschrift für Literaturwissenschaft und Linguistik 74. 116–119) suggestions to control the quantity of publications, this brief paper explores the reasons behind the intense publishing pressure on South Korean scholars and examines the consequences for the development of an academic public sphere. We underscore that the evaluation systems of neoliberal universities, which prioritize quantity and speed, together with a social concern with “fairness,” compel researchers to embrace a meritocratic ethos. This is further intensified by the multiple excellence benchmarks set by government research agencies. Moreover, the prevalence of insular academic networks, often formed by individuals from elite backgrounds, restricts the circulation of scholarly work within exclusive groups. Consequently, the academic environment in South Korea struggles to cultivate an academic public sphere that tackles critical issues and encourages productive debates. In response to these challenges, we propose to adopt the principles of the “slow professor” movement, foster collaboration with practitioners, and diversify scholarly genres.
Wolfgang Klein as Don Quixote [Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development]
Authors: Dewaele Jean-Marc
Published: December 2024

Wolfgang Klein’s paper Writing or reading, but not both, or: a proposal reintroduce cuneiform writing using the hammer and chisel is a great example of ex absurdo reasoning to introduce very serious questions about the exponential increase in the quantity of publications in our field and the impossibility of keeping up with everything. The proposed solutions to limit output and enhance its quality are humourous and absurd as they are inoperable. Wolfgang Klein adopts the position of Don Quixote charging windmills in Cervante’s El ingenioso hidalgo Don Quijote de la Mancha published in the early seventeenth century. I argue that researchers are free to read and write as much as they want about any topic that fascinates them. Doing so judiciously will allow them to thrive.
Where global discourses meet local realities: the case of scholarly publishing in Sinhala [Sāhityaya]
Authors: Rambukwella Harshana , Fedricks Krishantha , Perera Kaushalya
Published: December 2024

Scholarly publishing in the Sinhala language (the language of the numerical majority in Sri Lanka) has “mushroomed” in the recent past. However, this rapid growth – fueled by instrumental professional needs, the mainstreaming of a metrics-based culture in the university system, and neo-liberal discourses about measurable academic productivity – we argue is of little intellectual consequence. We trace a history of how a vibrant Sinhala-language public culture emerged in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries within a larger history of decolonization; how this public culture became institutionalized within the postcolonial state from the late 1940s; and how Sinhala language publishing lost its state patronage in the 1980s with neo-liberalization which ironically created space for radical Sinhala-language intellectual debate. We conclude by contrasting this history with the present where Sinhala scholarly publishing has become banal and faces an existential threat from the “return” of English due to neo-liberal market forces.
Writing or reading? An incommensurable choice? [Language in Society]
Authors: Milani Tommaso M. , Ehrlich Susan
Published: December 2024

In this article, we reflect upon Wolfgang Klein’s provocative suggestion, in Writing or reading, but not both or: a proposal to reintroduce cuneiform writing using the hammer and chisel, that “every scientist” at universities or other research institutions “may and must publish exactly thirty pages a year.” In our view, Klein’s proposal to limit the number of pages each author should be allotted in a given year is comparable to a pill that treats the symptom but not the disease. Instead, we draw upon the ideas of American political theorist Nancy Fraser to argue for the need for a more radical transformation of the structures upon which the academic enterprise rests. Such a transformation would require (1) overhauling the underlying political-economic structure of academic labour relations, and (2) reconsidering what counts as a legitimate form of knowledge production. In saying so, we are also inspired by current theoretical debates about radical humanism and southern/decolonial perspectives to the sociology of language. Ultimately, we advocate for the need to disinvest from (1) individualism as a key principle of the academic project, at least in the humanities and the social sciences; and (2) the written word as the only medium for the production and dissemination of scientific knowledge. Such a proposal is underpinned by an emphasis on orality, the usage of other forms of representation, and the need for recognizing alternative ways of producing and disseminating (Indigenous) ways of being, knowing, and feeling.
Sex differences in lung function of adolescents or young adults born prematurely or of very low birth weight: a systematic review
Authors: Jeffreys Eleanor , Jenkinson Allan , Sikdar Oishi , Poole Grace , Dassios Theodore , Greenough Anne
Published: December 2024

Introduction

Prematurely born males compared to females have greater respiratory morbidiy in childhood, but differences in adolescents and young adults are less clear.

Content

A systematic review was undertaken to determine if there were sex differences in the lung function of prematurely born or very low birth weight born adolescents and adults

Seven of 1969 studies were included (766 infants). Three found no significant differences, but did not give raw lung function data. Four studies reported lung function data by sex. One found no significant differences and another only reported results for females, which were not lower than the controls. Another found males compared to females aged 16–19 years had lung function z scores indicating a more obstructive pattern [p<0.05]. The males, however, had significantly better exercise tolerance. The fourth reported worse lung function only in preterm born adult males.

Outlook

Male compared to female individuals born prematurely had worse lung function in adulthood, but only in two of seven studies, both reported results from patients born in the era of routine surfactant use. Further research is required to more robustly determine the effect of sex on lung function in adults born prematurely.
Trends and future directions of autophagy in osteosarcoma: A bibliometric analysis
Authors: Shang JinXiang , Zhao FeiYing , Xie Lu , Wang YaQing , Li Bo , Jin Cong
Published: December 2024

Background

Osteosarcoma, a highly malignant skeletal tumor, primarily affects children and adolescents. Autophagy plays a crucial role in osteosarcoma pathophysiology. This study utilizes bibliometric analysis to evaluate current research on autophagy in osteosarcoma and forecast future directions.

Methods

We conducted a comprehensive search of publications in the Web of Science Core Collection database from January 1, 2008, to March 15, 2024. Tools like VOSviewer, CiteSpace, R software, Excel, and Scimago were used for analysis and visualization.

Results

Publications increased steadily over 17 years, indicating rising interest. Zhang Yuan was the most influential author, with Shanghai Jiao Tong University leading. Cell Death & Disease was the top journal. “HMGB1 Promotes Drug Resistance in Osteosarcoma” was the most cited paper. Co-cited articles focused on drug resistance, therapeutic targets, autophagy in cancer, and genomic impacts on immunotherapy. Keywords highlighted invasion, migration, cell death, and breast cancer as research hotspots. Future studies will likely focus on therapeutic innovations and integrated management strategies.

Conclusion

This bibliometric analysis offers an overview of current knowledge and emerging trends in autophagy and osteosarcoma, emphasizing key areas like invasion, migration, and cell death. It serves as a valuable resource for researchers developing novel therapies for osteosarcoma.
Judged by Robots: Preferences and Perceived Fairness of Algorithmic versus Human Punishments
Authors: Locci Irene , Massoni Sébastien
Published: December 2024

Automated decision-making is increasingly prevalent, prompting discussions about AI replacing judges in court. This paper explores how machine-made sentencing decisions are perceived through an experimental study using a public good game with punishment. The study examines preferences for human versus automated punishers and the perceived fairness of penalties. Results indicate that rule violators prefer algorithmic punishment when penalty severity is uncertain and violations are significant. While human judges are typically reluctant to delegate, they are more likely to do this when they do not have discretion over the sanction level. Fairness perceptions are similar for both humans and algorithms, except when human judges choose a less severe penalty, which enhances perceived fairness.
LOS JÓVENS Y LA TRANSFORMACIÓN DE LA ESCUELA SECUNDARIA
Authors: Sandra Liliana Ziegler
Published: December 2024

El artículo indaga las políticas educativas recientes destinadas a la educacion secundaria en dos jurisdicciones de Argentina (Río Negro y la Ciudad Autonóma de Buenos Aires). Dichas reformas buscaron incidir de manera profunda en las escuelas modificando el curriculum, el trabajo docente, las formas de evaluación y el acompañamiento de las trayectorias de los estudiantes. El objetivo del artículo es revisar, a través de entrevistas em profundidad desarrolladas en cuatro escuelas, las perspectivas de los jóvenes ante estas modificaciones e indagar las resignificaciones que los estudiantes producen. Los resultados obtenidos demuestran que las políticas inciden de manera integral en la propuesta escolar y los estudiantes cuestionan las transformaciones más disruptivas por sus modos de implementación em las escuelas. Sus demandas son un indicio sobre la imposición y pregnancia de la cultura escolar y los obstáculos persistentes para su modificación.
Rutin and Glimepiride Combination: A Novel Approach for Managing Diabetes Nephropathy in Streptozotocin Induced Diabetes in Wistar Rats
Authors: Bairagi Vinod A. , Jagtap Shekhar D. , Jadhav Swapnil B. , Jadhav Smruti R. , Ahire Yogesh S.
Published: December 2024

Background: Diabetes mellitus remains a global health concern, because of its associated complications, including diabetic nephropathy. Glimepiride, a sulfonylurea derivative, and rutin, a flavonoid with antioxidant properties, have shown potential in managing diabetic complications. This study was aimed at investigating the therapeutic efficacy of these treatments, individually or in combination, against streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic complications in albino rats (Rattus norvegicus).

Methods: Diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of STZ at 55 mg/kg in Wistar rats of both sexes weighing 200–250 g. Rats with serum glucose (Glu) levels ≥250 mg/dL were selected for pharmacological assessment. The diabetic rats were divided into six groups, each comprising six rats, receiving the following treatments: GLP alone at 0.5 mg/kg, rutin alone at 50 mg/kg or 100 mg/kg, and combinations of GLP with rutin. Treatments were administered over 45 days. Physiological parameters, serum markers (including Glu and lipid profiles), inflammatory cytokines, renal hypertrophy, oxidative stress markers, and histopathological changes in kidney tissues were evaluated to assess treatment effects.

Result: Significant improvements were observed in rats treated with GLP, rutin, or both, including decreased diabetes-induced weight loss, and increased glycemic control with lower serum Glu levels. Favorable changes in lipid profiles and significant decreases in inflammatory cytokines indicated systemic improvements. Moreover, the treatments markedly decreased renal hypertrophy, thus suggesting enhanced renal function. Histopathological analysis indicated that combination therapy, compared with individual treatments, markedly decreased tubular dilation and preserved renal architecture, thus highlighting synergistic benefits in managing diabetic complications, particularly diabetic nephropathy.

Conclusion: Our findings suggest that GLP and rutin, individually or in combination, hold promise in managing diabetic nephropathy, according to an STZ-induced diabetic rat model. The combination therapy demonstrated synergistic benefits, particularly in preserving renal architecture and decreasing tubular dilation. These results highlight a potential therapeutic strategy for alleviating diabetes-induced renal complications, and emphasize the importance of exploring combined approaches in diabetic management to enhance treatment efficacy and patient outcomes.
Quasi-2D crystals as an electrode material for high energy storage devices
Authors: Lukiyanets B.A. , Matulka D.V.
Published: December 2024

The high value of the specific surface area in quasi-2D crystals, with the possibility of a large variation of their properties due to external factors, allows us to consider them as electrode materials for supercapacitors. In order to describe the specific physical properties of such crystals due to the different types of chemical bonds in them, a model is proposed. The electronic spectrum obtained has the structure (discrete levels) + (two-dimensional bands) or (mini-bands) + (two-dimensional bands). A significant relationship between the geometrical, spectral and statistical properties of the quasi-2D crystals has been found by studying the energy density of the accumulation W within the microscopic model. Contrary to existing models, the proposed model shows that under certain conditions there are two or more optimal crystal sizes where the experimentally observed maximum energy density W is realised. The model and its qualitative conclusions should be considered as the result of a microscopic approach to the problem.
Дослідження впливу осердя на ефективність індукційного нагрівання теплоносія низькотемпературної теплової трубки
Authors: Ващишак І.Р. , Ващишак С.П. , Мазур Т.М. , Мазур М.П.
Published: December 2024

Досліджено вплив феромагнітних матеріалів трьох осердь циліндричної форми з конструкційної сталі та осердя спірального плетення з магнітної нержавіючої сталі на ефективність індукційного нагрівання теплоносія у низькотемпературній гнітовій тепловій трубці. Два осердя призначались для використання під шаром гніту, а два – за шаром гніту з нержавіючої сітки без магнітних властивостей. Досліджувалась ефективність індукційного нагрівання за допомогою циліндричної котушки, намотаної на поверхню трубки. Зібрано експериментальну установку з теплової трубки, надітої на її нижню частину циліндричної індукційної котушки, генератора імпульсів, підсилювача, силового ключа, ватметра, двох термопар та таймера. Експерименти показали, що на низькій частоті для теплових трубок з вертикальною орієнтацією зі зменшенням товщини стінки залізного циліндричного осердя та збільшенні його радіусу ефективність індукційного нагріву зростає. Для теплових трубок з довільною орієнтацією у просторі найвищу ефективність індукційного нагрівання забезпечує циліндричне тонкостінне одношарове осердя, розміщене після шару гніту. Але найвищу надійність експлуатації та високу ефективність індукційного нагрівання здатні забезпечити суцільне циліндричне осердя, або осердя спірального плетення з магнітної нержавіючої сталі AISI 430, чи 439, намотане на термостійкий пластмасовий каркас з отворами для руху теплоносія. Максимальний радіус та мінімальна маса осердя повинні забезпечити найвищу інтенсивність нагрівання теплоносія за одиницю часу.
Research of energy structure of crystalline compounds in Ag(Tl)-As(Р)-S(Se) systems
Authors: Spesyvykh O.O. , Zajac T.M. , Yurkin I.M. , Nebola I.I. , Pop M.M. , Rubish V.M.
Published: December 2024

The paper presents the results of studying the peculiarities of formation of the valence band and the conduction band of crystalline compounds in Ag(Tl)-As(P)-S(Se) systems with sp3-type bond by using the photoelectron spectroscopy method. From the spectral distribution of photoemission by energy, the crystal photoelectron work function hν0 was determined. It was shown that the use of a limited basis (only ionization potentials of atoms and interatomic distances) for crystals with sp3-type bond within the framework of the LCAO model gives sufficiently accurate results of the position of the valence band top and the electron affinity value. Calculations show that the position of the valence band top defines the bonds of As-S(Se) and P-S(Se) atoms, while the hybridized orbitals of Ag and Tl atoms are formed in the conduction band.
Efecto de los métodos de estimación en las modelaciones de estructuras de covarianzas sobre un modelo estructural de evaluación del servicio de clases
Authors: Valdivieso Taborga Carlos Eduardo
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this research was to perform a comparative analysis of methods for estimating parameters of MEC, in order to determine the most appropriate method, speciﬁcally using a structural model of class service evaluation. This model consists of the relationships between perceived service quality and perceived value classes on behavioral intentions of postclass, acting as a mediator variable student satisfaction.
The methodology for establishing the most appropriate method is based on the limiting factors of the method considered (assumption of normality and sample size) and aspects of the superiority of the model (predictive power and goodness of ﬁt indices). It has been established that the best method for estimating parameters of an structural model for service class evaluation is theunweighted least squares (ULS), because: 1) it was found that the data did not meet the assumption of multivariate normality, 2) is the only method in which the model presents indices appropriate ﬁt, and 3) the model has high predictive power. In general it has been observed that there are percentage deviations from the values of the paths of the model using the various methods compared with the ULS ranging from -45% to 47%.
Using the ULS method has been established that student satisfaction is a powerful mediator between service quality and perceived value classes on behavioral intentions of postclass.
Using this method, it was established that student satisfaction is a powerful mediator between class service quality and perceived value on after-class behavioral intentions.
Cuantificación de variantes genéticas utilizando modelos jerárquicos bayesianos
Authors: Velez Jorge Ivan , Angel Jairo Arturo , Correa Juan Carlos
Published: December 2024

In molecular biology, functional studies play an important role in the characterization of variants or mutations in the human genome by experimenting with animal models (e.g., ﬁsh embryos). These experiments, which consist in genetically modifying the embryos by injecting mRNA, are characterized by being destructive, time consuming and generate few information. We propose and illustrate, with real data, a bayesian methodology for the statistical analysis of such experiments. This methodology provides comparable results to those observed at the molecular level.
Cómo observar el impacto del i-ésimo registro sobre el coeficiente de determinación al ajustar un modelo de regresión lineal múltiple
Authors: Fernández Luis Alejandro , Rincón Luis Francisco
Published: December 2024

This article exposes a procedure to calculate the coeﬃcient of determination R2 i , of a multiple linear regression model Y = Xβ + e adjusted after the elimination of a ith record of the data. The procedure allows to observe the behavior of the coeﬃcient of determination when the eliminated record, inﬂuences the sum of squared error of the residual SSE by the statistic Qi. It is included in this article the program in R to make the calculations.
Un vistazo a las transacciones desde el análisis de datos funcionales
Authors: Gómez Carlos , Montejo Omar , Moreno Anyi
Published: December 2024

Functional data analysis has begun to gain great importance due to its usefulness in dimensionality reduction, due to its implementation of longitudinal and multivariate methods, where observations can be treated as functions on a closed interval. This paper presents an analysis of the operations carried out by customers of financial institutions through transactional channels, classifying them into face-to-face and virtual, in order to identify characteristics and behavior of customers, both in number and amount. that trade, from a functional approach. A descriptive study of the functional data is carried out, contrasting its results with the variables Gross Domestic Product and Inflation, a cluster is applied through the k-means algorithm that allows identifying groupings between the entities considered within the study, a comparison is made of means for both the number and amount of transactions in the mentioned transactional channels, identifying a point of change in the functional mean. At the end of the analysis, a strong change in the behavior of the data considered is evident, possibly due to the pandemic, which caused transactions through face-to-face channels to decrease, thus strengthening transactions through virtual channels.
Modelamiento Bayesiano de las preferencias políticas del Senado de Colombia 2006-2010: conducta electoral y parapolítica
Authors: Valero Juan , Sosa Juan , Luque Carolina
Published: December 2024

In this paper, a Bayesian spatial voting model is applied for the first time to characterize the legislative behavior of the Senate of the Republic of Colombia 2006-2010. The analysis is carried out based on the plenary nominal votes of the Senate. The estimation of the model is done using Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithms. The estimated ideal points provide empirical evidence supporting a latent non-ideological feature (opposition--non-opposition) underlying the senators vote. Additionally, the relationship between the parapolitics scandal and the legislative electoral behavior of senators is analyzed through a logistic model, both Bayesian and frequentist. The results indicate a significant relationship between being or having been involved with the parapolitics scandal and the legislative behavior of the senators from the period 2006-2010.
Xenofobia contra inmigrantes venezolanos en Colombia
Authors: Alizadeh Afrouzi Omid
Published: December 2024

Colombia is one of the countries in the world with highest number of refugees, mainly due to reception of Venezuelan immigrants who have marked a massive intra-regional migration in Latin America. The influx of Venezuelan immigrants into Colombia has resulted in a corresponding escalation of prejudiced attitudes and xenophobia. Drawing on civic ostracism approach and Realistic Conflict Theory, this paper attempts to approach xenophobia against Venezuelan immigrants in Colombia by exploring its characteristics, causes, and classifications. The results show that anti-Venezuelan xenophobia has specific characteristics and is caused mainly by three factors: unemployment, insecurity, and damage to public services. In addition, this xenophobia can be classified into four groups: based on type, based on immigrants, based on region, and based on time. Interpretation of the results and implications are discussed.
Relationship between gender with civic and citizenship attitudes in Colombia
Authors: Huertas Bustos Adriana Patricia
Published: December 2024

The International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA) conducted several studies on International Civic and Citizenship Education (ICCS). This study analyzed the results of the 2016 ICCS study in Colombia and its relationship with gender. To perform such analysis, we examined data from 5,609 students. The students were randomly selected by the IEA to answer a questionnaire with 3 components, 9 categories, and 72 items. Cronbach’s alpha established the questionnaire’s high reliability, and the Kruskall–Wallis test determined significant differences between men and women in the results of the questionnaire in 8 of the 9 categories. Therefore, there is a relationship between gender and civic and citizenship attitudes in Colombia.
Grouping Patterns in Iberian Ichthyoarchaeological Assemblages from coastal sites
Authors: Roselló Izquierdo Eufrasia , Morales Arturo
Published: December 2024

La comprensión de la totalidad de las implicaciones proporcionada una simple lista faunística se potencia con la disponibilidad de técnicas diseñadas para sintetizar los aspectos esenciales de la información obtenida. Este trabajo explora, desde una perspectiva de estadística multivariante, una serie de asociaciones ictioarqueológicas que se han estudiado hasta el momento en la Península Ibérica. Los patrones de agrupamiento resultantes, sólo demuestran el poder de inferencia paleocultural de estas metodologías sino que posibilitan la mejor comprensión de las faunas mismas.
La explotación de moluscos en la transición Neolítico-Calcolítico del yacimiento de Papa Uvas (Aljaraque, Huelva)
Authors: Moreno Nuño Ruth
Published: December 2024

En el presente trabajo se realiza un análisis global de los restos malacológicos recuperados en el yacimiento de Papa Uvas (Aljaraque, Huelva: Campañas 1976-1987). Se encuentran representados 18 taxones de moluscos, dos de ellas de gasterópodos pulmonados de carácter intrusivo.
La especies son asignadas a grupos tafonómicos que reflejan su función potencial en el yacimiento. Los recursos alimentarios principales son la almeja fina (Tapes decussatus (L., 1758) y el muergo (Solen marginatus Pennant, 1777). No existen diferencias significativas en la explotación de este recurso a lo largo del periodo de ocupación del yacimiento.
Perros enanos en yacimientos romanos de la Península Ibérica
Authors: Altuna Etxabe Jesús , Mariezkurrena Gastearena Koro
Published: December 2024

Se trata del hallazgo de perros enanos, considerados como perros de lujo o perros de compañía, en dos yaciemintos romanos de la Península Ibérica, uno el de Santo Domingo en la ciudad de Lugo y el otro en Arellano (Navarra). Parece tratarse de perros braquimélicos a juzgar por las proporciones de los huesos halladados.
Birds from four coastal sites in The Netherlands
Authors: Prummel Wietske
Published: December 2024

El trabajo valora las avifaunas recuperadas en cuatro yacimientos costeros holandeses que abarcan un lapso temporal entre el siglo I y el XVII. Varias especies que nidificaban en el país en época romana han dejado de hacerlo. Se constatan, cuando menos desde principios de la Edad Media, la existencia de cimbeles, redes para chorlitos y redes fijas de captura de aves.
Addenda al catálogo provisional de yacimientos con aves del Cuaternario de la Península Ibérica
Authors: Hernández Carrasquilla Francisco
Published: December 2024

Este trabajo recoge nuevas localidades de la Península Ibérica que poseen algún taxón identificado de Aves. Igualmente aporta información adicional sobre alguno de los yacimientos publicados en nuestro catálogo previo. Se valora en concreto la identificación de Tetrao urogallus en un yacimiento del sur de España.
Sex-related characters in the pelvic bone of domestic sheep (Qvis aries)
Authors: Hatting Tove
Published: December 2024

El trabajo analiza, en una serie de ovejas de edad y sexo conocido, la morfología de la pelvis especialmente en lo referido al grosor de la sín?lis, el ángulo caudal entre los huesos isquiáticos y la forma del ilion. En las hembras el pubis desarrolla el pecten ossis pubis a medida que el animal crece. En moruecos y cameras este hueso aumentará su grosor si bien en los segundos tal desarrollo será más moderado que en los primeros. En las hembras el ángulo inter-isquiático aumenta con la edad mientras que en los machos se opera el proceso inverso. Estos caracteres resultaran de utilidad al analizar muestras de ovino en yacimientos arqueológicos.
Restes animaux Holocènes et du Paléolithique Moyen (MSA) de la Grotte de Leba sur le Plateau de Humpata (Angola)
Authors: Gautier Achilles
Published: December 2024

El articulo describe una reducida muestra faunística, fundamentalmente de mamíferos, recuperada en niveles con artefactos del Paleolítico medio (MSA) tardío cubiertos por estratos posteriores y revueltos en la denominada Cueva Leba en Angola meridional. Como suele ser norma, la muestra contempla varios grupos tafonómicos si bien la mayoría de los macromamíferos parecen ser producto de la actividad cinegética de los cazadores paleolíticos.
The evolution of the I.C.A.Z. Fish Remains Working Group (1981-1995)
Authors: Morales Muñiz Arturo
Published: December 2024

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A Medieval herring industry in Denmark-The importance of herring in Eastern Denmark
Authors: Bodker Enghoff Inge
Published: December 2024

Se valoran los restos de peces recuperados en Selso-Vestby, un yacimiento localizado en el fiordo de Roskilde en Dinamarca, datado entre los siglos VIII-XIII d.C. Parte de los materiales representan desechos procedentes de una planta medieval de procesado de arenques. La importancia de este clupeido en el oriente danés así como en la zona meridional del mar Báltico parece venir confirmada a través de hallazgos procedentes de otros yacimientos.
Conserves de poisson à partir de quatre amphores romaines
Authors: Bruschi Tiziana , Wilkens Barbara
Published: December 2024

Los restos de peces recuperados en cuatro ánforas romanas representan diferentes productos relacionados con las actividades de procesado del pescado en la antigiiedad. Dos ánforas de Elba proceden de naufragios y constituyen productos de origen ibérico. Mientras que en una de ellas se recuperaron fragmentos de grandes peces, posiblemente residuos de una salsa, en la otra aparecieron caballas casi completas. Por otra parte, dos ánforas de Cerdeña an teriores a éstas proceden de las excavaciones urbanas de la villa de Olbia. Su contenido en uno de los casos consiste en una serie de especies de peces completos mientras que en la otra la característica principal es la diminuta talla de los ejemplares recuperados. La composición taxonómica y anatómica de estas muestras nos permite asimilar cada una de ellas a un determinado ingrediente de la cocina romana.
Osteomorphological studies on the great sturgeon (Huso huso Brandt)
Authors: Bartosiewicz László , Takács Istvan
Published: December 2024

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Fragmentation and Preservation of Bird Bones in Food Remains of the Golden Eagle Aquila chrysaetos
Authors: Bochenski Zbigniew M. , Huhtala Kauko , Sulkava Seppo , Tornberg Risto
Published: December 2024

Resumen
Aplicación del estudio de la cementocronología a materiales de los niveles magdalenienses de la Cova de Les Cendres y la Cova del Parpalló: metodología y primeros resultados
Authors: Pérez Ripoll M. , Iborra Eres M.P. , Villaverde Bonilla V.
Published: December 2024

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Archaeozoology in Greece: A Brief Historiography of the Science
Authors: Trantalidou Katerina
Published: December 2024

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Atlantic Cod in The Missouri River: Gadus morhua from the Steamboat Bertrand
Authors: Klippel Walter E. , Falk Carl R.
Published: December 2024

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Hiperostosis en Peces Mexicanos
Authors: Guzmán Ana Fabiola , Polaco Oscar J.
Published: December 2024

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A Romano-British horse burial from Icklingham, Suffolk
Authors: Levine Marsha A. , Whitwell Katherine E. , Jeffcott Leo B.
Published: December 2024

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Archaeozoology in Hungary
Authors: Bartosiewicz László , Choyke Alice M.
Published: December 2024

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The role of small carnivores in the accumulation of bones in archaeological deposits: the case of the Fucino Basin sites (Central Italy)
Authors: Alhaique Francesca
Published: December 2024

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Roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) age at death estimates: new methods and modern reference data for tooth eruption and wear, and for epiphyseal fusion
Authors: Tomé Carine , Vigne Jean-Denis
Published: December 2024

Resumen
Bird Remains from Curata and Bordu Mare Caves (Romania)
Authors: Gál Erika
Published: December 2024

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101 modos de tratar un erizo muerto: notas sobre la preparación de esqueletos desarticulados para uso zooarqueológico
Authors: Davis Simon , Payne Sebastian
Published: December 2024

Traducción de Mariana Mondini
El JARDÍN BOTÁNICO CANARIO "VIERA Y ClAVIJO"
Authors: Roca Alicia
Published: December 2024

El JARDÍN BOTÁNICO CANARIO "VIERA Y ClAVIJO"
LA FLORA AMENAZADA DE SIERRA NEVADA EN EL CONTEXTO DEL NUEVO PARQUE NACIONAL
Authors: BLANCA GABRIEL , MARTÍNEZ LIROLA Mª JOSÉ
Published: December 2024

LA FLORA AMENAZADA DE SIERRA NEVADA EN EL CONTEXTO DEL NUEVO PARQUE NACIONAL
El debate parlamentario sobre la institucionalización de la enseñanza de la ciencia y la instauración de la Universidad Central en 1822
Authors: Orden Rafael
Published: December 2024

La Universidad Central fue concebida como un centro universitario que, además de ofrecer la segunda y tercera enseñanza, diese formación en ciencias que no se impartían en los títulos oficiales a quienes estuviesen interesados en ellas y que sirviese, además, para formar al profesorado universitario, esto es, que equivaliese a una escuela normal. La idea fue propuesta en un informe sobre instrucción pública elaborado en 1813 para las Cortes de Cádiz y se plasmó legalmente en 1814 dentro de un proyecto de decreto sobre instrucción pública. Su deliberación por las Cortes, sin embargo, se demoró hasta el trienio liberal, dando lugar a un debate sobre si convenía que dicha universidad se situase en Madrid y sobre la diferencia entre los fines de una universidad y una academia. Finalmente, ese decreto fue aprobado en 1821 y la Universidad Central se instauró en Madrid en 1822.
Francisco Suárez y la risa barroca
Authors: Lecón Rosales Mauricio
Published: December 2024

En su Comentario al De Anima de Aristóteles, Francisco Suárez ofrece una detallada explicación de la psicología y fisiología de la risa, así como de su naturaleza como un acto voluntario y libre. Esto marcó un cambio significativo en la comprensión de la risa, la cual, hasta entonces era considerada como una reacción fisiológica sin moderación. En el presente artículo defiendo que la filosofía de Francisco Suárez influyó en la creación del paradigma cultural del Barroco. De esta manera, la filosofía de Francisco Suárez aparece como un antecedente estructurante del Barroco porque, entre otros motivos, enmarca la posibilidad humana de elegir reírse de las vicisitudes de un mundo fugaz y transitorio.
Effects of species, adhesive, and structural configurations on compression parallel to the grain of laminated bamboo
Authors: Yusof Norwahyuni Mohd , Md Tahir Paridah , Hua Lee Seng , Mohamed Yusoff Mohd Zuhri , Mohammad Suffian James Redzuan , Johari Izwan , Osman Al- Edrus Syeed Sailful Azry
Published: December 2024

This study investigated the compressive performance of 24 three-layered laminated bamboo specimens made with four different parameters, primarily bamboo species, adhesive type, lay-up pattern, and arrangement of laminated bamboo. The goal for this study was to investigate the compression parallel to the grain performance of laminated bamboo. A total of 288 laminated bamboo specimens were tested. Modulus of elasticity (MOE) and compressive strength were conducted to simulate the utilization of this material into construction material. The laminated bamboo produced were comparable to wood strength group A to B for vertical and horizontal arrangements and SG D for mixed arrangements. Laminated bamboo was produced based on Gigantochloa scortechinii and Gigantochloa levis and bonded with phenol resorcinol formaldehyde (PRF) and one-component polyurethane (PUR) adhesive. Four failure types were classified. All specimens experienced the elastic stage at the beginning of the loading process and then changed to elastic-plastic stage. There was a significant difference in the parallel and perpendicular lay-up for vertical, horizontal, and mixed arrangements.
Seasonal resin production in Pinus pinaster Ait. plantations: Dendrometric and meteorological influences
Authors: Caglayan İnci
Published: December 2024

The relationship between dendrometric and meteorological parameters and resin production in Pinus pinaster plantations was studied using data from 90 trees collected between June and October. Resin production was measured every 15 days over a five-month period to explore how environmental factors influence resin production rates. The correlation between diameter at breast height (DBH) ranging from 20 cm to 49 cm and total and average resin production was examined, with the goal to optimize resin harvesting practices and to understand the ecological significance of resin in these plantations. The bi-monthly resin production was tested using the open wound tapping method over a five-month period beginning in June. Through regression models, significant seasonal variability in resin production was observed. Specifically, higher resin yields were recorded in June (354 g) and lower yields in October (53.5 g). The impact of DBH, tree height, basal area, and volume on resin yield were also assessed. Descriptive statistics, correlation, and regression analyses elucidated the relationships between tree metrics, meteorological factors, and resin production. This study contributes new insights into how tree characteristics influence resin production and how this relationship is modulated by seasonal changes. Such findings can inform sustainable forest management practices and improve resin harvesting methods.
Detection of incipient pulp screen plugging
Authors: Aryanpour Parsa , Gooding Robert W. , Olson James A.
Published: December 2024

Aperture plugging is a phenomenon that limits both the capacity and efficiency of pulp screens, which are critical components of the pulping, recycling, and papermaking processes. An understanding of when and how plugs begin to form can help avoid screen plugging, thus increasing papermaking and recycling efficiency. Small scale, fiber-optic pressure sensors were installed within screen cylinder apertures close to where plugging occurs to understand the mechanism of plug formation. Rotor pressure pulses within the aperture were measured during the plugging event. The pulse shape and magnitude during normal operation showed good agreement with past studies in which traditional pressure transducers were installed on the screen cylinder. However, prior to the onset of aperture plugging, the fiber-optic sensors showed that the variability of the pressure pulses increased and pulse magnitude within the slot decreased. The authors demonstrated that combining these variables by quantifying pulse variability using standard deviation and dividing that by pulse magnitude gave a result that was a strong predictor of aperture plugging.
Exploring Ultraperipheral Heavy Ion Collisions in CMS Run III
Authors: Popescu S.
Published: December 2024

Ultraperipheral collisions (UPCs) of heavy ions are a useful probe to study nuclear parton distribution functions (nPDFs) and, in particular, to characterize nuclear matter at Bjorken x < 10−3 and low squared momentum transfer Q2 (shadowing/saturation regime). In order to fully exploit these collisions, dedicated triggers on such event topologies were developed for the heavy ion data-taking period in 2023 by the CMS experiment. These triggers relied on the possibility of using the Zero Degree Calorimeter (ZDC) as a level-1 (L1) trigger detector for the first time. As a result, they allowed for an improved selection performance in addition to existing UPC triggers (as well as minimum-bias hadronic triggers), and enabled the study of hard processes (jets and heavy flavor hadrons) in photon-photon (γγ) and photon-nucleus (γN) scatterings [1].
Signals from the Early Universe
Authors: Wolschin G.
Published: December 2024

It is proposed to account for the time-dependent partial thermalization of the Ly α lines emitted during cosmic recombination of electrons and protons in the early Universe based on an analytically solvable nonlinear diffusion model. The amplitude of the partially thermalized and redshifted Lyα line is found to be too low to be visible in the cosmic microwave spectrum, in accordance with previous numerical models and Planck observations. New space missions with more sensitive spectrometers are required to detect Ly α-remnants from recombination as frequency fluctuations in the cosmic microwave background. (An extended version of this article has previously appeared in Scientific Reports).
Investigation of Single Proton Dissociation
Authors: Chudak N.O. , Potiienko O.S. , Zhuravel D.V. , Parisi A.
Published: December 2024

We consider the single proton diffraction dissociation at low missing masses focusing on the interplay between diffractive processes and resonance production. The model incorporates the concept of duality, where the observed cross sections are explained by both smooth background processes and discrete resonance contributions. At low missing masses MX, this approach leverages the Regge proton trajectory to account for the role of resonances in the cross section. Recent experimental data are used to refine model parameters, enhancing the accuracy of predictions for the differential cross section behavior in the resonance region.