bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis Of Accounting Information Systems In The Atm Transaction Process At Bank Sumsel Babel Kcp Pasar Atas Lubuklinggau
Authors: Simatupang Raynaldo Saputra , Fitriano Yun , Gayatri Ida Ayu Made ER Meytha
Published: May 2024

The aim of this research is to compare whether the accounting information system in the ATM withdrawal process at Bank Sumsel Babel KCP Pasar Atas Lubuklinggau with the accounting information system theory put forward by DeLone and McLean is appropriate/not appropriate. The analytical method used is descriptive with a qualitative approach. This research was conducted at Bank Sumsel Babel KCP Pasar Atas Lubuklinggau in September 2023 – January 2024.The results of the research show that the transaction accounting information system on ATM machines is supported by an information system that uses sophisticated technology in accordance with the theory of accounting information systems put forward by DeLone and McLean both in terms of adaptation, system reliability, response time and usability.
Analysis Of Tourism Development Strategy Of Long Beach In Bengkulu City
Authors: Nafturahma Nadya AL , Angriani Ida , Nasution Suswati
Published: May 2024

This study aims to find out the tourism development strategy for Panjang Beach in Bengkulu City using SWOT Analysis. The research method used in this research is descriptive qualitative, data collection techniques by distributing questionnaires to respondents and interviews with beach managers. The analysis method used is SWOT, namely identifying Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats. The research results show that the Pantai Panjang tourist attraction in Bengkulu City is in quadrant II. This means that the strategy used is a diversification strategy. The right combination of strategies to use is ST (Strength-Threats), namely by using all strengths to overcome all forms of threats, such as the following: the management can optimize the natural potential and uniqueness of the tourist attraction by sustaining and nurturing the tourist attraction on an ongoing basis and exercising firm control, maintaining all existing facilities at tourist locations, establishing cooperation between the private sector, government and the community in creating new innovations so that they are not inferior to other tourist attractions.
An Analysis Of Medicine Inventory Accounting Information System At Mentiring Health Center On Psap Number 5
Authors: Putri Vesti Septina , Soleh Ahmad , Astuty Kamelia
Published: May 2024

This study aims to find out whether the application of the accounting information system that has been implemented in managing drug supplies is running in accordance with PSAP Number 5 and meets the needs at Mentiring Health Center. The type of data used in this research is qualitative comparative data, which is research carried out by comparing a variable in different samples to get answers or facts about whether there is a comparison or not from the research. Data was obtained from field studies through observation, interviews, documentation. The results of the research carried out show that the procedures for implementing the drug inventory accounting system at Mentiring Health Center, the implementation of the drug supply accounting system uses a first-in, first-out (FIFO) system, first-in, first-out and first expired first out (FEFO), but the accounting system and procedures implemented are not yet effective and efficient. This happens because the records used are still manual records so that physical drug inventory data has a very large risk of data damage. Manual records are still carried out because community health center staff are not yet proficient in using computer-based records and are also hampered by the internet network which is difficult to access.
The Influence Of Brand Image, Product Quality, And Price On Brand Switching Of Wardah Makeup In Bengkulu City
Authors: Sari Peli Rahmita , Made E.G Ida Ayu , Zoniarti Zoniarti
Published: May 2024

When buying an item, a consumer often assesses whether the item is suitable for them or not, whether it is suitable for them or not, therefore consumers prioritize choosing by looking at the brand image, product quality and price to fulfill their desires or needs in purchasing goods. The aim of this research is to determine the influence of brand image, product quality and price on brand switching of Wardah makeup products in Bengkulu City. The type of research used is quantitative. The data analysis methods used are multiple linear regression, determination tests, and hypothesis tests. The results of multiple linear regression have the equation Y = 54, 534 - 0.395(X1) - 0.007(X2) - 0.404(X3) + 3.602 because the direction of the regression is positive, it can be interpreted that if brand image, product quality and price increase, then interest in buying Wardah's makeup product in Bengkulu City will also increase. Brand image does not have a significant effect on interest in buying Wardah makeup products in Bengkulu City, this is proven by the value of t count is smaller than t table (-5, 324 < 1.659) and a significant value of 0.000 < 0.05 meaning that H0 is accepted and Ha is rejected. Product quality has a significant effect on interest in buying Wardah makeup products in Bengkulu City, this is proven by the value of t count is greater than t table (-0.065 < 1.659) with a significant value of 0.984 > 0.05 meaning H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted. Price has a significant effect on interest in buying Wardah makeup products in Bengkulu City, this is proven by the value of t count is greater than t table (-6,200 < 1.659) with a significant value of 0.000 - 0.05 meaning H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted. Brand image (X1), product quality (X2), and price (X3) together have a significant effect on brand switching (Y) of Wardah makeup products in Bengkulu City.
Analysis Of Merchandise Inventory Control Using Eoq, Rop, Ss Methods At Raffa Bengkulu Fruit Store
Authors: Bara Yusni Octavia Batu , Anggriani Ida , Herlin Herlin
Published: May 2024

Raffa's Fruit Shop Business is a shop that distributes merchandise which operates in the fruit sector. Among the various methods available, the methods used are the EOQ, ROP, and Safety Stock methods. This research aims to analyze fruit inventory control using the EOQ, ROP, SS method at the Raffa Fruit Shop, Bengkulu City. The data analysis used is descriptive qualitative, namely a research method to determine variable values ​​without making comparisons. The results of this research show that the required quantity of merchandise for 1 period is 671,159 Kg, the economical purchase amount or EOQ is 24,291 Kg, the Purchase Frequency is 28 orders. Reorder Point or reorder point is 40,197 Kg, and Safety Stock or safety stock is 392.81 Kg.
The Influence Of Work Attitude, Emotional Intelligence, Work Productivity And Work Motivation On The Effectiveness Of The Work Of Employees Of The Regional Revenue Agency Of Muara Enim Regency
Authors: Zahri Ahmad , Aprini Nisma , Ilpiyanto Marko
Published: May 2024

This study aims to determine and analyze the effect of work attitude, emotional intelligence, work productivity and work motivation on the work effectiveness of employees of the Muara Enim Regional Revenue Agency. The research method used in this study is a quantitative method using questionnaires distributed to respondents. Test the quality of the data by using the validity test, reliability test, normality test. The analysis used is descriptive analysis and inferential analysis using statistical calculations with multiple regression formulas, partial tests and coefficient of determination. The results of the study showed that work attitude has a significant effect on the work effectiveness of employees of the Muara Enim Regency Regional Revenue Agency. Emotional intelligence has a significant effect on the effectiveness of the work of employees of the Muara Enim Regency Regional Revenue Agency. Work productivity has a significant effect on the work effectiveness of Muara Enim Regency Regional Revenue Agency employees. Work motivation has a significant effect on the work effectiveness of employees of the Muara Enim District Revenue Agency.
The influence of organizational characteristics, task division, job satisfaction and employee behavior on the work performance of employees of the regional revenue agency of muara enim district.
Authors: Sari Nadia Purnama , Madjir Sulbahri , Yusnawati Yusnawati
Published: May 2024

The research method used in this research is a quantitative method using questionnaires distributed to respondents. Test data quality using validity tests, reliability tests, normality tests. The analysis used is descriptive analysis and inferential analysis using statistical calculations with multiple regression formulas, partial simultaneous tests and coefficient of determination. Organizational characteristics have a significant effect on the work performance of Muara Enim Regency Regional Revenue Agency employees. The division of tasks has a significant effect on the work performance of Muara Enim Regency Regional Revenue Agency employees. Job satisfaction has a significant effect on the work performance of Muara Enim Regency Regional Revenue Agency employees. Employee behavior has a significant effect on the work performance of Muara Enim Regency Regional Revenue Agency employees. Organizational Characteristics, Division of Tasks, Job Satisfaction and Employee Behavior together have a significant effect on the work performance of Muara Enim Regency Regional Revenue Agency employees.
The Influence Of Marketing Mix On Customer Loyalty At Indomaret In The Talang Empat Area Of Central Bengkulu
Authors: Syahputra M.Wahyu Fadyllah , Meytha Ida Ayu Made ER , Nurzam Nurzam
Published: May 2024

Marketing is one of the starting points for introducing products to customers and this will be very important because it will be related to the benefits that will be obtained by the business. This research aims to determine the effect of location, price, product and promotion on customer’s loyalty at Indomaret in the region of Talang Empat in Central Bengkulu Regency. This type of research is correlational, namely research to determine the effect and level of effect between two or more variables without any attempt to influence these variables. The sample in this study used an accidental sampling technique, where the population was sampled at Indomaret in the region of Talang Empat in Central Bengkulu Regency when researchers conducted research totaling 105 people. Based on the results of research on the effect of location, product, price and promotion on customer’s loyalty at Indomaret in the region of Talang Empat in Central Bengkulu Regency, the results obtained are that the F sig. value is 0.006 < 0.05 and and Fcount> Ftable (8.028> 2.47), therefore it can be concluded that together The same location, product, price and promotion influenced the customer’s loyalty at  Indomaret in the region of Talang Empat in Central Bengkulu Regency.
Fast Method Of Image File Compression In Web-Based Application Form Using Huffman Algorithm
Authors: Saputra Ronny , Reswan Yuza , Darmi Yulia , Khairullah Khairullah
Published: May 2024

Many web-based applications/forms serve as online data entry devices equipped with facilities for uploading image data. When uploading image data, the image file is often incompatible or cannot be uploaded because the size is too large. Users have to resize those files separately. For example, with several compression applications used such as photoshop, gimp, photoscape, photo compressor, image size and many other compression applications. Web-based applications should be able to automatically resize the file according to the appropriate file size so that it can save time and speed up the process.  To deal with the problem of automatic compression, the user must provide or build a web-based application that can directly compress files on the web because automatic file or image compression is available on the website without compressing them separately beforehand. With this automatic compression form application, it certainly reduces costs. (quota) internet, shortening time and also making it easier for users or users when uploading files on the web. The algorithm that is suitable for resizing files in online web applications is the hufman algorithm.
Implementation of Location Based Service Method in Design of Housing Location Search Applications in The City of Bengkulu
Authors: Syahputra Arevo , Diana Diana , Reswan Yuza , Sahputra Eka
Published: May 2024

The increase in the number of residents in the city of Bengkulu, in line with the increase in the number of housing being built. The community is conducting a housing search based on information from newspapers and the local community. This is of course especially difficult. For people who come from outside the city of Bengkulu. To overcome this, a housing location search application in Bengkulu City was designed. The designed application can run both on websites and smartphones. This application implements Location Based Service and Google Maps API so that it can display a digital map of Bengkulu City which is equipped with residential location points. If the location point is clicked, the application will display detailed information about the housing.
Implementation Of The Importance Performance Analysis (Ipa) Method In Measuring The Level Of Community Satisfaction With Services At The Kelurahan Office Padang Jati Web-Based Village Office
Authors: Andalah Haluan Saputra , Sari Herlina Latipa , Prahasti Prahasti
Published: May 2024

The purpose of this research is to implement the Importance Performance Analysis (IPA) method and create a web-based application in measuring the level of community satisfaction with the services provided by the Padang Jati Village Office. The web-based application for measuring the level of community satisfaction with services at the Padang Jati Urban Village Office was created using the PHP programming language and MySQL database which can be accessed online via the domain url link http://haluan.online. Based on the tests that have been carried out, it is found that this application is very helpful in managing and evaluating data on community satisfaction assessment of services at the Padang Jati Urban Village Office so that the level of community satisfaction is known and this application can be used as a forum for the community to provide an assessment of community satisfaction with services at the Padang Jati Urban Village Office.
Designing A Computer Network Monitoring System With Sms Notifications Using The Dude
Authors: Irawansyah Riki , Khairil Khairil , Alinse Rizka Tri
Published: May 2024

One system that can perform network monitoring with SMS notifications is using The Dude. This network monitoring system with SMS Notification aims to make network admins aware of network conditions wherever they are. In monitoring the network the dude can do based on the ip address entered, the dude is open source, which is one of the software or tools built into Mikrotik, in the process of installing the dude does not require large storage space. In monitoring the network the dude will display a green indicator, which is on and red, which is off, to monitor the network the dude does it based on the IP Address per each device connected to the network. The Dude can perform network monitoring on the SMA N 6 Bengkulu Selatan computer network in the form of notification of devices on or off. The results of the monitoring will be sent in the form of notifications to the admin cellphone in the form of SMS, in sending SMS notifications, the dude takes +/- 2 minutes, the time for sending SMS notifications is calculated based on the condition of the device on or off until the notification is received or received on the cellphone.
impact of timing of antimicrobial therapy on outcome and mortality in severe sepsis and septic shock
Authors: Zahra Ahmed Najah A
Published: May 2024

Even though new antimicrobial treatments have been available for over 60 years, the fatality rate from septic shock has not decreased. Evolutionary pressure on microbial pathogens has, as expected, led to selection towards resistant species as a consequence of the creation of ever more broad-spectrum and strong antimicrobials. The ineffectiveness of antibiotic treatment of septic shock un the decades that followed may have been a result of this phenomena. The treatment of septic shock has traditionally focused on resuscitative measures. The management of these serious illnesses has not prioritised the prompt provision of effective antibiotic treatment.
Sludge em líquido amniótico: revisão de literatura narrativa
Authors: Medeiros Isabela Ramos Araújo de , Abrão Feres , Garla Nathali Mattiuzo dos Reis , Mattera Fernando Otavio Pires , Abrao Laila , Toreto Barbara Nascimento , Bueno Carlos Eduardo , Bueno Patrícia Cincotto dos Santos
Published: May 2024

Apesar das melhorias nos cuidados perinatais, o parto prematuro continua a ser uma das principais causas de morbidade e morte perinatal, sendo um tema relevante para a obstetrícia atual. O Sludge no líquido amniótico ou “barro amniótico” tem sido um tema prevalente e controverso, descoberto recentemente, que pode estar relacionado com o parto prematuro e infecção intra-amniótica.  Visa-se evitar a prematuridade, tendo como objeto de pesquisa os fatores de risco para sua ocorrência e consequente prevenção. O Sludge é muito bem documentado como um fator de risco independente para a ocorrência de parto prematuro, quando presente em ultrassonografia. Dessa forma, foram propostas investigações e tratamentos para o achado de Sludge no líquido amniótico, mas ainda com resultados controversos e passíveis de debate sobre o tema. Um dos diversos tratamentos propostos tem sido o uso de antibioticoterapia direcionada ou de amplo espectro, visto que um motivo para o surgimento do Sludge consiste na infecção intra-amnióticas por bactérias e, por vezes, fungos. Assim torna-se importante a pesquisa e documentação dos possíveis microorganismos causadores do achado ultrassonográfico para direcionamento terapêutico e melhor desfecho do quadro. A repercussão da prematuridade no Sludge é considerável na morbimortalidade neonatal, além das repercussões maternas do quadro infeccioso e, por isso, torna-se importante o debate sobre o achado do Sludge, visando avaliar suas complicações e possíveis condutas a serem tomadas individualizando os casos, além de diminuir os impactos em gestações onde o Sludge for identificado. Assim, o Sludge no líquido amniótico é um achado que, a depender da idade gestacional em que é encontrado, traz impacto na prematuridade e sua melhor elucidação e consequente tratamento deve ser debatido.
Douglas-fir’s productivity for growth zones in the Argentinean Patagonian Andes
Authors: Davel M. , Ortega A.
Published: May 2024

The objective of this study was to evaluate different growth zones of Douglas-fir [Pseudotzuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco] in the Argentinean Patagonian Andes and to characterize them based on their potential productivity. Three preliminary zones were defined based on their precipitation regimes, since this is the most important climatic factor in the region. These zones lied within the isohyets that goes from 600 to 1,000 mm of annual precipitation, other from 1,000 to 1,400 mm, and the third one from 1,400 mm and up. For each zone and for the whole region, site and top height functions were adjusted by using stochastic differential equations. The database was obtained from stem analysis of 126 trees. These trees were selected from 71 temporal plots established on 64 stands. Height growth and site index functions were fit for the whole region and for each growth zone. The height growth was modelled by a stochastic differential equation in wich the deterministic part is the Richards model. All parameters are estimated by a maximum likelihood procedure. The polymorphyc model with the free origin was the best. The evaluation of the models defined for each zone and their comparison with the use of a regional model was made through graphic and statistical analyses (likelihood ratio test). The results showed that the regional model was not satisfactory to predict productivity of Douglas fir for the whole Patagonian region. Therefore, the growth zones and the functions of site and dominant height growth which have been presented are recommended as the better predictors of the potential productivity of Douglas-fir plantations growing in Patagonia.
Structure, evolution and yield of Quercus pyrenaica Willd. coppices in Central Spain
Authors: Allue M. , San Miguel A.
Published: May 2024

Quercus pyrenaica Willd. is a submediterranean broadleaved semi-deciduous oak whose main world area is located in the Iberan peninsula. In Spain, its current area is about 600,000 ha. The traditional use of Q. pyrenaica woodlands has been firewood growing and grazing due to its great ability to resprout from stumps and roots after cutting. Therefore, most stands are currently coppices, with or without standards. In Central Spain, where this preliminary study has been carried out, it occurs mostly on hillsides and foothills. ...................
Construction of yield tables based on temporary sample plots
Authors: Aguirre O. A.
Published: May 2024

In this work a methodology for the construction of yield tables based on data of temporary sample plots, stem analysis, and measurements on individual trees is presented. The method was developed in Mexico using as example the species Pinus pseudostrobus Lindl. The procedure employed is based on the calculation of the total yield according to Magin's Method. The relationships between the most important stand parameters were determined using regression equations.
Forest Administration under austerity conditions and budgetary constraints: The Mexico's experience
Authors: Caballero M.
Published: May 2024

In 1982 the most severe economical crisis of the last decades began in Mexico. Despite drastic budgetary reductions, the public administration faced this crisis by reorganizing itself and trying to keep its efficiency. Forest administration and research affaires were fused with agricultural and cattle raising ones into a single administrative structure. More disadvantages than advantages arose from this fact. Recently, the administration went back to the former three separate sectors but research affaires remained fused. The Mexican experience would be useful as guideline for other developing countries under similar conditions.
Plant regeneration of Populus alba "Siberia extremeña" from ament
Authors: Bueno M. A. , Astorga R. , Manzanera J. A.
Published: May 2024

Populus alba "Siberia Extremeña", a clone of great rusticity and high interest for poplar culture, is difficult to propagate by conventional cutting methods. Plant regeneration from ament callus has been achieved in Murashige-Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 2 mg/l of 2,4 dichlorofenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) y 1 mg/l of kinetin. Optimal adventitious bud production arised from callus treated with 1 mg/l of thidiazuron and 0,1 mg/l of α-naphtaleneacetic acid (NAA). Induced buds were subcultured in modified MS mediun plus 0,1 mg/l of 6-benzyladenine (BA) and 0,002 mg/l of NAA. Shoots were rooted in Woody Plant Medium (WPM) plus 0,2 mg/l of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), reaching a 95 p. 100 rooting. Acclimation of plantlets to glasshouse and nursery conditions rendered a 96 p. 100 survival tax.
Weight tables for individual rebollo oak (Quercus pyrenaica Willd.) coppice shoots in the Central Massif (Central Spain)
Authors: San Miguel Ayanz A. , Fernandez Cancio A. , San Miguel Ayanz J.
Published: May 2024

Weight tables for individual rebollo oak (Quercus pyrenaica Willd.) coppice shoots (from roots or stumps) are presented using basal diameter, D (25 cm above floor level) and total height, H, as independent variables in potential (allometric) an linear models. The formers were fitted through non linear regression and the latters through linear regression. D shows a high correlation with total oven dry weight and may be used as the only independent variable in local weight tables built from potential equations. For large areas, it is necessary to also include H in the equation which, this way, offers good estimates for trees belonging to different stands. In this case, similar results have been achieved with potential (allometric) and linear equations and therefore the latter, which is simpler, has been chosen. Finally additional data are presented on bark and oven dry weight percentages for different diametrical classes.
Cork thickness variation measured at different height
Authors: Montero G. , Vallejo R.
Published: May 2024

Results of a study on cork thickness variation along the bole of Quercus suber are presented in this paper. A sample of 100 trees of different diameter sizes and bark stripping heights were selected in Southern Spain. Cork thickness measured at certain height doesn't depend on neither diameter size nor bark stripping height. These results are similar to those reported in some other studies carried out in Portugal
The development and use of a simulator of wooding production for stands Pinus radiata D. Don in the Basque Country
Authors: Castilla Castellano G. , Prieto Rodriguez A.
Published: May 2024

In this paper a model of timber yield simulator is shown. It enables the transformation of yield tables of fixed treatment schedule for a few site index classes into others of variable schedule for any class. It also gives information about stand diameter distribution, log sizes of trees felled in each thinning and rotation profitability. A simulator for monospecific plantations of Pinus radiata D. Don in the Basque Country is developed with this model. It is based in a whole stand model whose main variables are dominant height, basal area and diameter distribution. Once the set of equations is fitted, a computer program simulating stand growth and thinnings is implemented. By comparing the tables generated with those used in the construction of the simulator, an underestimation of less than 10 p. 100 in total yield is observed, which is acceptable.
Productive characterization of Quercus suber stands in Catalonia (Spain)
Authors: Gonzalez Adrados J. R. , Montero Gonzalez G. , Ortega Muela C.
Published: May 2024

After a brief description of the main areas covered by Quercus suber L. in Catalonia, the parameters related with cork production are analyzed: surface density (kg of cork/m2 of stripped stem), cork quality and price, stripping rotation. Most important results are: 1) cork age scatter is much higher than expected; 2) surface density is homogeneous for a given stripping rotation and 3) cork quality is better in the pieces of the stands near the coast. Therefore, the necessity to develop new models of production, which include all parameters described, is exposed.
A simple method for assessing the behavior of wood in fire
Authors: Garcia-Valcarcel A. I. , Calvo Haro R.
Published: May 2024

The method described is simple and efficient, based on a control of the weight loss experienced by wood when subjetcted to a source of heat. It determines the basic phenomena involved in wood reaction to fire tests. The percentage of loss weight, in accordance with the testing time of the particular wood, is estimated by a mathematical model which quantifies the above mentioned phenomena, thus enabling studies and comparisons og the behaviour of different species of wood when subjected to fire (poplar, pine and beechwood).
Optimization of a method to evaluate varnish adherence degree of treated wood
Authors: Sanchez M. E. , De Troya M. T. , Navarrete A. , Guijarro A.
Published: May 2024

The conditions of the services of the wood used in exterior joinery (hazard class 3) make it easily attackable by wood decay and blue-stain fungi. In consequence is necessary a priming preventive treatment, followed by a decorative coating (EN-152, EN-330). In several occasions, the priming treatment applied to the wood can produce some problems of incompatibility with the coating products (lackering, paints and varnishes). In this work has been optimized a methodology to determine the surface coating compatibility with the treated wood. The proposed method permit to quantity the adherence degree of the decorrative products in a simple and precise way.
Aptitude of different softwoods and hardwoods to drying with superheated steam. Drying end point determination
Authors: Alvarez Noves H. , Fernandez-Golfin J. I.
Published: May 2024

Drying with superheated steam is evaluated in lumber from different Spanish softwoods (Pinus pinaster, radiata, sylvestris and nigra) and hardwoods (Eucalyptus globulus and Populus sp.). Major problems with the softwoods seems to be related with high resin content and encased knots. Problems with hardwoods drying are related with permeability, collapse and checking tendency. The applicability of the determination of the internal wood temperature to decide the end point of drying is also evaluated.
Some new taxonomic considerations about the subspecies of Viscum album L. growing in Spain in relation with the host
Authors: Lopez-Saez J. A.
Published: May 2024

This publications synthesizes the vast literature about the host mistletoe and adds some new information on the biology and taxonomy of the subspecies of the parasite in the Iberian peninsula.
Current situation of dendrochronological research in Spain. Review note
Authors: Perez Antelo A.
Published: May 2024

The article discuss papers dealing with dendrochronology published before 1994, and on some major data of the series they include, in order to get a general view of the dendrochonological coverage of Spain. It also presents a list of the Spanis Research Institutions that are working on dendrochronology at present, as well as another one of research studies carried out on the topic by foreign scientists in Spain. Most chronologies have been carried out on mountain areas and on species belonging to the genus Pinus, specially Pinus uncinata and Pinus sylvestris. They have been carried out with a clear dendroclimatological objective, and sometimes for historial datation. The number of species utilized in dendrochronological studies has increased in the last years, even with broadleaved trees, and new methodological orientations aimed at establishing relationships between dendrochronology and phytoclimatology have arisen thus opening new and interesting possibilities.
Pinus halepensis Mill.: an alternative for reforesting marginal fields in the Sierra Madre Oriental of northeastern México
Authors: Dominguez A. , Navar J. , Jimenez J. , Aguirre O.
Published: May 2024

The mediterranean Pinus species have been considered for reforesting marginal fields in some tropical and subtropical countries. This paper focuses on testing five provenances of the species P. halepensis Mill. and P. brutia Ten. as well as one provenance of the species P. eldarica Medw. and the native species P. pseudostrobus Lindl. Plant survival, total height and basal diameter were measured annually on the species for eight years. In 1986, the provenances were plantes in an experimental site in the Sierra Madre Oriental in a randomized block design. The results showed that plant survival was higher in the mediterranean species than in the native species (P>t≤0,001). P. halepensis showed the greatest total height (P>F≤0,001) at all times. Since 1988, P. halepensis showed the highest growth in basal diameter and together with P. pseudostrobus showed a higher basal diameter after 1990 (P>F≤0,001). P. halepensis provenances did not show statistical differences in plant survival, total height (P>F≤0,001). However, the best provenance of P. brutia did not do better in any of the measured parameters than any of provenances of P. halepensis. Reforesting marginal sites in the Sierra Madre Oriental must consider provenances of the species P. halepensis instead of any other of the species studied.
Growth culmination age in Prosopis flexuosa in the Dry Chaco, Argentina
Authors: Perpiñal E. , Balzarini M. , Catalan L. , Pietrarelli L. , Karlin U.
Published: May 2024

Growth culmination age in Prosopis flexuosa was estimated using the width of tree rings in 31 basal disks of dominant and codominant trees of native forest in Dry Chaco, Argentina. Volume and basal area incremens were determined from radial increment and alometric parameters relationship. The culmination age for radial increment was 35 years, for basal area increment was 59 years and for commercial volume was greater than 70 years old (DAB greater than 25 cm.). These values suggest that the trees should be felled with more age than the traditional forest management in the region.
Estimating ratio of surface area to volume for dead needles
Authors: Hernando C. , Guijarro M. , De los Santos J. A.
Published: May 2024

A method for estimating the ratio of surface area to volume for dead needles was developed. The method is based on the simplification proposed by Brown (1970), but the requested values (surface area and perimeter) have been obtained, on micrometrical cross sections, through an image analyzer. The propopsed method gather the necessary conditions of accuracy and rate. The ratio of surface area to volume (σ) is closely related to the fire behaviour in the different forest fuels. Therefore, this physical characteristic has been determinated for fine dead fue particles that taje part, frecuently, in forest fires. The values obtained for Pinus pinaster Ait., P. pinea L. and P. halepensis Mill. are, respectively, 48.24, 57.80 and 79.93 cm-1. The results show variations among species. Nevertheless, differences due to sampling areas have not been founded.
Wood extractives of Pinus pinaster Ait. Production from triturated wood
Authors: Arrabal C. , Cortijo M.
Published: May 2024

The qualitative and quantitative composition of the acid fraction of wood extractives from three Spanish Pinus pinaster Ait. subespecies (Atlantic, mountain Mediterranean and plain Mediterranean) and their evolution have been studied. Samples were prepared according to Techical Association of Pulp and Paper Industry Standards, extracted with petroleum ehter (b.p. 40-60º C) in a Soxhlet apparatus and saponified with ethanolic o.4N potassium hydroxide. The acid fraction was methylated with diazomethane and studied by combined gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. The potential production of wood extractives from triturated wood of Pinus pinaster Ait. is evaluated.
Bark structure of Argentine species of Anacardiaceae
Authors: Gimenez A. Mª. , Moglia G.
Published: May 2024

Argentina bears a potential of 28.389.000 ha forests with species of the Anacardiaceae family. These species are very well-known tannins producers. The present work aims to contribute to the study of the bark anatomy of native Anacardiaceae trees, as well as to set the bases of their use as raw material of non traditional forest products. A macroscopic and microscopic description of bark tissues histometry is provided, as well as a description of secretion structures. A key to species differentiation, based on bark characteristics, is also given. The possibilities of producing tannin products are determined by secretion structure characteristics.
Characterization of Spanish fast growing species
Authors: Fernandez-Golfin J. I. , Gutierrez Oliva A. , Baonza Merino M. V. , Diez Barra M. R.
Published: May 2024

29 physico-mechanical and morphological properties of different timbers from five fast growing Spanish tree species were studied and analysed.
Thermic implications of topography: suggestion about a thermo-topographic parameter
Authors: Gandullo J. M.
Published: May 2024

In a previous paper (Gandullo, 1974), a sunshine parameter, evaluating light intensity from hill slope and terrain aspect, was developed. This paper presents a new sunshine parameter development trying to assess sunny and shady aspects from the thermic point of view, considering that the maximum daily temperatures occur between two and three hours in the afternoon
Influence of different factors in the quality of structural timber of P. sylvestris L.
Authors: Diez M. R. , Fernandez-Golfin J. I.
Published: May 2024

On a sample of 60 longs of P. sylvestris L. sourced from the Valsain (Segovia, Spain) forest and logged from eleven different stands with different site qualities, is studied the influence of the selvicultural characteristics, the morphological characteristics of the trees, the sawing systems and the gradind systems on the yield and structural quality of timber. The influence of the genetical characteristics of every tree, the proccesing factors of the logs and the properties of every board on the yield and quality of timber is clear. The site quality and the dasometric characteristics of the individual trees seems to have little influence on the studied variables.
Windbreak growth of Populus nigra cv “Italica” in South Patagonia - Argentina
Authors: Peri P. L. , Martinez Pastur G.
Published: May 2024

The Windbreak plantations contribute to the agricultural development in south Patagonia. Predicting the growth and windbreak dynamic allow us to cuantify the protected agricultural area and the wood volume to be harvested. The aim of this work was to develop biometric models for Populus nigra cv ‘Italica’ in different sites, crown classes and inter-tree distances for Santa Cruz windbreaks. A modification of Chapman-Richards model was used to fit the diametric and heigth growth equations. Schumacher-Hall model was used to predict the volume, while multiple regression technics defined the crown dynamics models. The ajusted models have good statistics and biological significance. The multiple factors that affected the windbreaks growth could be explained by easy measured variables (DBH, total heigth, crown classes, site).
Ectomycorrhizal synthesis of Lactarius deliciosus Fr. and Pinus sylvestris L.
Authors: Royo P. , Fernandez Toiran M. , Fischer C. R.
Published: May 2024

Several nutritive media were tested to select the optimal medium for the mycelial growth of Boletus edulis Bull.: Fr., Lactarius deliciosus Fr., y Suillus luteus (L.: Fr.) Gray. The results show that it is not possible to determine the optimal nutritive medium for each species, because of the existence of a significant interaction between the strain factor and the nutritive medium. Ectomycorrhizae of Lactarius deliciosus Fr. y Pinus sylvestris L. are described.
Unevenaged coppice holm oak stands: silvicultural description
Authors: Gonzalez J. Mª. , Ibarz P.
Published: May 2024

Uneven coppice stands of evergreen oak (Quercus ilex L.) of Gerona (NE Spain) are described. Three structurally different situations are analysed: close after silvicultural intervention, in the middle of two interventions and before cutting. Therefore 19 plots were selected in the area, obtaining dasometric and qualitative values in order to characterise traditional management. Positive tree selection of traditional management is proved, as well as a high percentage of trees of a good stem quality, particularly at dominant layer (33%). Liocourt constant values in these stands were determined: they change for every described situation (2.8-1.6; 1.2-2.6; 1.7-2.8). With these values, 45 types of uneven evergreen oak forests were modelized modifying initial density (900, 1100 and 1200 stems/ha) and q values (DC10: 2.5; 2.7; 2.8; DC>15: 1.5; 1.6; 1.7; 1.8; 1.9), while keeping maximum initial diameter (25 cm) and rotation (30 years). The comparison between these models don’t show significant differences independent from initial values. Using mean values obtained from the sample plots, a preliminary optimal equilibrium curve for uneven oak-coppice stands has been developed. Finally structural differences between those stands, traditional ones of Central Europe and uneven Pinus nigra forests of Pyrenees are upbright.
The target seedling: Review of concepts, attributes, and implementation of a working program
Authors: Birchler T. , Rose R. W. , Royo A. , Pardos M.
Published: May 2024

The purpose of this paper is to examine in a logical way what constitutes a target seedling and how to implement a target seedling program. The target seedling concept provides a working model of the knowledge required for reforestation success, and the target seedling program is the system by which people carry out the concept. In order to accomplish this, several concepts are discussed first: the influence of nursery cultural practices on tree seedlings’ attributes, seedling phenology and processes involved in succesful seedling establishment and performance. Then, some of the possible material and performance attributes useful to define the target seedling are reviewed. Finally, the guidelines for the implementation of a ‘target seedling program’ are presented.
Efficiency of mycelial inoculum of 17 fungal species to promote ectomycorrhizal colonization in containerized Pinus pinaster, Pinus radiata and Pseudotsuga menziesii seedlings
Authors: Pera J. , Alvarez I. F. , Parlade J.
Published: May 2024

The use of mycorrhizal seedlings would improve the plant performance in revegetation and reforestation. Nevertheless, the use of these ectomycorrhizal fungi, at a commercial scale, will not be possible until practical and efficient methods of inocula production and application are developed. In the present work, different experiments of controlled mycorrhization have been performed to determine suitable inoculation methods, and dosages of application, for the production of containerized mycorrhizal seedlings of three forest species: Pinus pinaster, Pinus radiata and Pseudotsuga menziesii. Of the 20 isolates tested, six formed ectomycorrhizas with at least one of the tree species. The best results were obtained with the isolates of: Hebeloma crustuliniforme, Laccaria bicolor and Laccaria laccata, using either mycelial inoculum grown in peat-vermiculite or mycelium entrapped in alginate beads. Hebeloma isolates performed the best when mycelium grown in peat-vermiculite was used, whereas Laccaria isolates were more efficient when applied as mycelium entrapped in alginate. The optimal application dosages varied with each plant and fungus combination, but in most cases levels around 50 p. 100 of mycorrhizal feeder roots were obtained using inocula concentrations ranging from 1:32 to 1:64 (inoculum:substrate, v:v). In specific cases, such as mycelia of Laccaria laccata entrapped in alginate beads, the inoculum dosage could be reduced to 1:80 or even 1:160.
Change over time of branching defects in corsican black pine (Pinus nigra ssp. laricio var. Corsicana) of Central France Provenance
Authors: Alia R. , Durel C. E.
Published: May 2024

Change of branching defects over time was studied in a progeny test of. A sample of 337 trees was measured seven years after their first evaluation (ages 9 and 16). The change in the frequency of forks and ramicorns over time, and the influence of different whorl traits on these changes were studied. The percent of forks and ramicorns that could be recognised at age 16 was only 31.6 p. 100. About 55 p. 100 of ramicorns disappeared, due to the flattening of the branch angle with time. Trees with stable ramicorns were characterised by a narrow initial branch angle, a high level of polycyclism on branches and a large branch diameter. With time and diameter growth of the stem, the supplementary whorls on polycyclic branches may be progressively inserted in the stem before natural pruning occurs, resulting in a big local defect. Consequences for early selection are discussed.
Estimate of genetic parameters in a progeny test of Pinus radiata D. Don in Basque Country
Authors: Arregui A. , Espinel S. , Aragones A. , Sierra R.
Published: May 2024

Genetic parameters were estimated for growth, form and Diplodia pinea susceptibility in a six-year-old progeny trial containing 30 open pollinated families of Pinus radiata D. Don selected plus trees. Individual heritabilities were moderate for height, diameter and susceptibility of Diplodia pinea, but low for stem straightness and brach diameter. Branch angle showed moderate-low heritability. Height and diameter were positively correlated. Growth traits had negative correlation with susceptibility of Diplodia pinea, so it is possible to achieve simultaneous improvements in both growth and Diplodia resistence.
Use of chloroplast DNA polymorphisms to define maternal provenance regions for the white oaks of the Iberian Peninsula
Authors: Herran A. , Espinel S. , Goikoetxea P. G.
Published: May 2024

We present here the results obtained after the study of 156 oak populations collected along the Iberian Peninsula. Six oak species were present in the sample: Quercus canariensis, Q. faginea, Q. humilis, Q. pyrenaica, Q. robur and Q. petraea. Five trees from each population were analyzed with four cpDNA specific pairs of primers that allowed the distinction of 13 haplotypes. In populations with several species, all of them shared the same haplotype, and none of the common haplotypes was restricted to a single species. Analysis of molecular variance in the data revealed a strong genetic structure. Maternal provenance regions were defined that maximize the among groups variance and minimize the among populations/within groups variance. The distribution of the haplotypes suggests the existence of several distinct refugia, not restricted to the South of the Peninsula.
Slow-controlled release fertilizers used in nursery seedling productions. Doses and formulations effects on Pinus halepensis Mill. seedling quality
Authors: Oliet J. , Segura M. L. , Martin Dominguez F. , Blanco E. , Serrada R. , Lopez Arias M. , Artero F.
Published: May 2024

The results of applying three doses of coated slow release fertilizers OSMOCOTE 9-13-18 (1.5; 3.25 and 5 g/l) and OSMOCOTE 16-8-9 (3.25; 5 and 7 g/l) in producing Pinus halepensis seedlings are evaluated. Mixing the fertilizer in the growing media increased the salinity, but didn’t affect the germination and survival of the seedlings. N and P leach concentrations were correlated with the application rates, but K wasn’t. N, P and K shoot concentrations at lifting were correlated with the doses applied, although the relationship between K and doses was the weakest. Shoot growth responded significantly only to N doses. The relative N proportion in OSMOCOTE 9-13-18 was deficient, and OSMOCOTE 16-8-9 had a K deficient ratio, due to the dilution effect observed. The mineral nutrient uptake efficiency decreased in response to the dosis, but was higher than observed in liquid fertilizer injection methods.
Evaluation of stem straightness in six provenances of Pinus pinaster Ait.
Authors: Sierra de Grado R. , Diez-Barra R. , Alia Miranda R.
Published: May 2024

Stem straightness was analyzed in six Spanish provenances of Pinus pinaster Ait.. Three methods were used: subjective punctuation by three different observers, type of curvature and “equivalent curvature” method (based on curvature dimensions). Straightness was evaluated in provenance test at two different sites, with 22 and 35 year-old trees respectively. Stem straightness was considered at three different heights, with the basal section showing the largest and more frequent curvatures. Results with the three methods are very similar in as far as the classification of the six provenances, although they differ in the time required and the information obtained. Large differences in stem straightness have been detected in the studied provenances.
Towards the measurement of forest multiple use welfare income
Authors: Campos Palacin P.
Published: May 2024

This paper presents a new microeconomic account system methodology that it allows the measurement of the welfare income from the multiple use of forest. The paper discuss the conceptuals and applications differences between the normalized system of national account (SNA) and the agroforestry account system (AAS) proposed by the author with the objective of measuring the adjusted convetional value added origined in the forest. These differences are ilustrated with the SNA and AAS applications in a dehesa case study with corkoak and holm-oak in Monfragüe area (Cáceres), both commercial and environmental economic values are considered.