bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Volatility measurement of atmospheric submicron aerosols in an urban atmosphere in
southern China
Authors: Cao Li-Ming , Huang Xiao-Feng , Li Yuan-Yuan , Hu Min , He Ling-Yan
Published: August 2017

Abstract. Aerosol pollution has been a very serious environmental problem in China for many years. The volatility of aerosols can affect the distribution of compounds in the gas and aerosol phases, the atmospheric fates of the corresponding components and the measurement of the concentration of aerosols. Compared to the characterization of chemical composition, few studies have focused on the volatility of aerosols in China. In this study, a TD-AMS (Thermo-Denuder – Aerosol Mass Spectrometer) system was deployed to study the volatility of non-refractory PM1 species during winter in Shenzhen. To our knowledge, this paper is the first report of the volatilities of aerosol chemical components based on a TD-AMS system in China. The average PM1 mass concentration during the experiment was 42.7 ± 20.1 μg m−3, with organics being the most abundant component (43.2 % of the total mass). The volatility of chemical species measured by the AMS varied, with nitrate showing the highest volatility, with an MFR (mass fraction remaining) of 0.57 at 50 °C. Organics showed semi-volatile characteristics (the MFR was 0.88 at 50 °C), and the volatility had a relatively linear correlation with the TD temperature (from 50 to 200 °C), with an evaporation rate of 0.45 %·°C1. Five subtypes of OA were resolved from total OAs by PMF for data obtained under both ambient temperature and high temperatures through the TD, including a hydrocarbon-like OA (HOA, accounting for 13.5 %), a cooking OA (COA, 20.6 %), a biomass burning OA (BBOA, 8.9 %) and two oxygenated OAs (OOA): a less-oxidized OOA (LO-OOA, 39.1 %) and a more-oxidized OOA (MO-OOA, 17.9 %). Different OA species presented different volatilities; the volatility sequence of OA factors at 50 °C was HOA (MFR of 0.56) > LO-OOA (0.70) > COA (0.85) ≈ BBOA (0.87) > MO-OOA (0.99). The volatility sequence of OA components suggested that HOA, rather than BBOA or COA, could be a potentially important source of LO-OOA through the oxidizing process of Evaporation – Oxidation in gas phase – Condensation. The results above can contribute to the understanding of the formation and ageing of submicron aerosols in the atmosphere and will help to constrain aerosol modelling inputs.
Observations of VOC emissions and photochemical products over US oil- and gas-producing regions using high-resolution H3O+ CIMS (PTR-ToF-MS)
Authors: Koss Abigail , Yuan Bin , Warneke Carsten , Gilman Jessica B. , Lerner Brian M. , Veres Patrick R. , Peischl Jeff , Eilerman Scott , Wild Rob , Brown Steven S. , Thompson Chelsea R. , Ryerson Thomas , Hanisco Thomas , Wolfe Glenn M. , Clair Jason M. St. , Thayer Mitchell , Keutsch Frank N. , Murphy Shane , de Gouw Joost
Published: August 2017

Abstract. VOCs related to oil and gas extraction operations in the United States were measured by H3O+ chemical ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (H3O+ ToF-CIMS/PTR-ToF-MS) from aircraft during the Shale Oil and Natural Gas Nexus (SONGNEX) campaign in March–April 2015. This work presents an overview of major VOC species measured in nine oil- and gas-producing regions, and a more detailed analysis of H3O+ ToF-CIMS measurements in the Permian Basin within Texas and New Mexico. Mass spectra are dominated by small photochemically produced oxygenates and compounds typically found in crude oil: aromatics, cyclic alkanes, and alkanes. Mixing ratios of aromatics were frequently as high as those measured downwind of large urban areas. In the Permian, the H3O+ ToF-CIMS measured a number of underexplored or previously unreported species, including aromatic and cycloalkane oxidation products, nitrogen heterocycles including pyrrole (C4H5N) and pyrroline (C4H7N), H2S, and a diamondoid (adamantane) or unusual monoterpene. We additionally assess the specificity of a number of ion masses resulting from H3O+ ion chemistry previously reported in the literature, including several new or alternate interpretations.
Environmental controls on the elemental composition of a Southern Hemisphere strain of the coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi
Authors: Feng Yuanyuan , Roleda Michael Y. , Armstrong Evelyn , Law Cliff S. , Boyd Philip W. , Hurd Catriona L.
Published: August 2017

Abstract. A series of semi-continuous incubation experiments were conducted with the coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi strain NIWA1108 (Southern Ocean isolate) to examine the effects of five environmental drivers (nitrate concentration, phosphate concentration, irradiance, temperature and pCO2) on both the physiological rates and elemental composition. Here, we report the alteration of the elemental composition of E. huxleyi in response to the changes in these environmental drivers. A series of dose response curves for the cellular elemental composition of E. huxleyi were fitted for each of the five drivers across an environmentally-representative gradient. The importance of each driver in regulating the elemental composition of E. huxleyi was ranked using a semi-quantitative approach. The percentage variation in elemental composition arising from the change in each driver between present day and model-projected conditions for the year 2100 were calculated. Temperature was the most important driver controlling both cellular particulate organic and inorganic carbon content, whereas nutrient concentrations were the most important regulator of cellular particulate nitrogen and phosphorus of E. huxleyi. In contrast, elevated pCO2 had the greatest influence on cellular particulate inorganic carbon to organic carbon ratio, resulting in a decrease in the ratio. Our results indicate that the different environmental drivers each play specific roles in regulating the cellular elemental composition of E. huxleyi with wide-reaching implications for coccolithophore biogeochemistry, as a consequence of the regulation of E. huxleyi physiological processes.
Developing a Decision Support Tool for Assessing Land Use Change and BMPs in Large Ungauged Watersheds
Authors: Qi Junyu , Li Sheng , Bourque Charles P.-A. , Xing Zisheng , Meng Fan-Rui
Published: August 2017

Abstract. A simple decision support tool (DST) was developed to evaluate impacts of land use change and best management practices (BMPs) on water resources for large ungauged watersheds in New Brunswick, Canada. It was developed based on statistical equations derived from Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) simulations applied to a small experimental watershed in northwest New Brunswick. The DST was subsequently tested against field measurements and SWAT-model simulations for a larger watershed. Results from DST reproduced both field data and model simulations of annual stream discharge and sediment and nutrient loadings fairly well. The relative error of mean annual discharge and sediment and nutrient loading were within −52 to +27 %. Compared with SWAT, DST has fewer input requirements and can be applied to multiple watersheds without additional calibration. Also, scenario analyses with DST can be directly conducted for different combinations of land use and BMPs without complex model setup procedures.
Simulated hydrologic response to projected changes in precipitation and temperature in the Congo River basin
Authors: Aloysius Noel , Saiers James
Published: August 2017

Abstract. Despite their global significance, the impacts of climate change on water resources and associated ecosystem services in the Congo River basin (CRB) have been understudied. Of particular need for decision makers is the availability of spatial and temporal variability of runoff projections. Here, with the aid of a spatially explicit hydrological model forced with precipitation and temperature projections from 25 global climate models (GCMs) under two greenhouse gas emission scenarios, we explore the variability in modeled runoff in the near future (2016–2035) and mid-century (2046–2065). We find that total runoff from the CRB is projected to increase by 5 % [−9 %; 20 %] (mean – min and max – across model ensembles) over the next two decades and by 7 % [−12 %; 24 %] by mid-century. Projected changes in runoff from subwatersheds distributed within the CRB vary in magnitude and sign. Over the equatorial region and in parts of northern and southwestern CRB, most models project an overall increase in precipitation and, subsequently, runoff. A simulated decrease in precipitation leads to a decline in runoff from headwater regions located in the northeastern and southeastern CRB. Climate model selection plays an important role in future projections for both magnitude and direction of change. The multimodel ensemble approach reveals that precipitation and runoff changes under business-as-usual and avoided greenhouse gas emission scenarios (RCP8.5 vs. RCP4.5) are relatively similar in the near term but deviate in the midterm, which underscores the need for rapid action on climate change adaptation. Our assessment demonstrates the need to include uncertainties in climate model and emission scenario selection during decision-making processes related to climate change mitigation and adaptation.
Proximity to four bikeway types and neighbourhood-level cycling mode share of male and female commuters
Authors: Teschke Kay , Chinn Anna , Brauer Michael
Published: August 2017

We studied 2011 cycling mode share at the census-tract level in Montréal and Vancouver, Canadian cities with relatively high mode shares and diverse bike infrastructure. We examined whether mode share variability, for all commuters and male and female commuters separately, was related to proximity to any bikeway, proximity to four bikeway types, slopes on routes to bikeways, or commute times. Cycling mode shares at the census-tract level varied from 0 to 20.4%. About a third of cycle commuters were female, but this proportion approached parity with males in census tracts with mode shares of 7% and higher. A one-kilometer closer proximity to any bikeway was associated with four times higher cycling mode share. Proximity to cycle tracks was associated with higher cycling mode shares in both cities. Other bikeway types did not have similar associations in the two cities, and the pattern of results suggested that the networks formed may have been more important than specific bikeway characteristics. Uphill slopes to bikeways were associated with somewhat lower mode shares in bivariate analyses but not in adjusted models. Cycle commuting was most common in neighborhoods with intermediate average commute durations: 20 to 29 minutes. Our results suggest that cycle tracks and bikeways that form a connected network are associated with higher neighborhood cycling commute mode shares. These features appeared even more important to women, and their cycling (or not) was strongly related to overall cycling mode shares.
Academic Procrastination among Gifted and Ordinary Students and its Relationship with Some Variables
Authors: El-tah Ziad Khamis , Alsharman Wael Mohammad
Published: August 2017

This study aims at identifying the academic procrastination among a sample of gifted and ordinary students and its relationship with some variables. It consists of 151 students: (74 are gifted students from King Abdullah II School of Excellence, whereas 77 are ordinary students). The researchers designed a questionnaire of academic procrastination for this study. Then its validity and reliability were verified. To answer the study questions, means, standard deviations, percentages, one way analysis of variance (2 * 2) and T-test were used. The results show that the academic procrastination of gifted students is low (mean score 44.36, standard deviation 10.051). The percentage of gifted students with academic procrastination is 37.8. However, the academic procrastination of ordinary students is high with a mean of 50.94 and a standard deviation 10.20, and the mean of ordinary students with academic procrastination is 58.4. Moreover, the results show that there are no statistical significant differences at α ≤ 0.05 in academic procrastination among gifted students due to gender, grade and the interaction between them. However, there are significant differences at α ≤ 0.05 in academic procrastination among ordinary students due to gender. In addition, there are no statistical significant differences at α ≤ 0.05 in academic procrastination due to grade and interaction between gender and grade. Thus, there are statistical significant differences at α ≤ 0.05 between gifted and ordinary in academic procrastination in favor of the ordinary students. This study recommends that counseling programs should be considered to reduce the negative effects of academic procrastination among gifted and ordinary students.
Evaluating the roll-out of environmental control units in Veterans Affairs Spinal Cord Injury Centers: Workflow observations
Authors: Bidassie Balmatee , Vallette Marissa A. , James Theadora , Martinez Rachael , Etingen Bella , Cozart Huberta , Weaver Frances M
Published: August 2017

Objective: Evaluate the value of providing environmental control units (ECUs) to Veterans with spinal cord injuries and/or disorders (SCI/D) in Veterans Affairs Medical Centers (VAMCs).Design: Industrial engineers observed SCI/D staff (support) and Veterans (use) with ECUs at four participating VAMC Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) Centers.Measure(s)/Analysis: Standardized data collection efforts included: 1) time study (trend analysis) and 2) open-ended, semistructured interviews on Strengths-Weaknesses-Opportunities-Threats (SWOT) feedback (qualitative analysis).Results: From 59 interactions, reasons for ECU downtime were troubleshooting (n = 30, 51%), repairs/replacements (n = 10, 17%), and 29% combined for patient education (n = 8), set-up (n = 5), and admission (n = 4). ECU strengths were functionality (n = 23, 70%) and 30% (n = 10) combined for patient independence and staff satisfaction. Functionality was both a weakness (n = 43, 78%) and opportunity (n = 29, 66%). Threats were functionality (n = 8, 50%), staff satisfaction (n = 3, 19%), and maintenance (n = 5, 31%). When ECUs were functioning properly, Veterans participated in leisurely activities (e.g., games, television), had increased control of their environment (e.g., bed, lights), and clinicians spent less time troubleshooting the ECU, hence, increasing clinical care availability.Conclusions: ECUs minimized physical limitation challenges, and may improve safety, comfort level, and general satisfaction with care of Veterans with SCI/D who often spend much of their time in bed when hospitalized. Veterans and staff reported that the ECUs added value by increasing patient independence and social support including communication with loved ones. Functionality strengths and weaknesses influenced the Veterans’/staff’s perceptions of ECU value. Therefore, ECU training/maintenance education and dedicated non-clinical support staff are recommended prior to future ECU roll-out.
Water potential and time of Pyrenophora tritici-repentis inoculation in wheat seeds
Authors: Bertagnolli Victória Vieira , Deuner Carolina Cardoso , Frizon Patrícia , Ghissi Valéria Cecília
Published: August 2017

Wheat seeds infected with Pyrenophora tritici-repentis, the causal agent of tan spot, are partially responsible for outbreaks caused by this pathogen. Seed lots with a high incidence of P. tritici-repentis must be rapidly acquired for transmission and pathogen-control studies. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine whether changes in water potential of culture medium and variations in inoculation time might favor the infection of wheat seeds by P. tritici-repentis without compromising seed viability. Colonies of P. tritici-repentis were grown on potato-dextrose-agar (PDA) culture medium, adjusted to a water potential of -0.36 MPa, under water stress induced by mannitol at potentials of -0.4, -0.6, -0.8, -1.0, and -1.2 MPa. Analyses were carried out to determine mycelial growth index and seed exposure time to the culture medium to start germination as a function of water potential. Afterwards, wheat seeds were placed in contact with colonies of P. tritici-repentis for 24, 48, and 72 hours at potentials of -0.4, -0.6, -0.8, -1.0, and -1.2 MPa. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design, in a factorial scheme (water potential × inoculation time). Rates of germination, seedling emergence in soil, and seed infection were assessed. Mycelial growth was stimulated at lower water potentials, which germinated faster. A 24-hour inoculation time and a -0.4 MPa water potential were efficient to infect wheat seeds with P. tritici-repentis, without hindering seedling germination and emergence under laboratory conditions.
Fractions of soil organic matter in the vineyards of altitude regions in Santa Catarina
Authors: Dortzbach Denilson , Assunção Shirlei Almeida , Pereira Marcos Gervasio , Silva Neto Eduardo Carvalho da
Published: August 2017

The implementation of agricultural systems such as viticulture can quantitatively and qualitatively affect the contents of soil organic matter (SOM). These changes may modify the edaphic features of the soil as well as the soil quality. The objective of this study was to evaluate the chemical and physical fraction of SOMand to analyze changes in the carbon stock and C management index in areas of implanted vineyards in altitude regions of Santa Catarina. Four regions were selected: Region I (Urubici); Region II (San Joaquim); Region III (Campos Novos) and Region IV (Água Doce). In each region, we selected vineyards implanted between 2001 and 2005 as well as surrounding forested areas. Disturbed and undisturbed samples were collected from the 0-5, 5-10, and 10-20 cm layers of the soil. Samples were prepared in the laboratory to obtain air-dried soft soil, which was then used for the analysis of several parameters, namely total organic carbon (TOC), carbon stock,and chemical fractionation of the soil. The chemical fractionation was then used to determine carbon content in the fulvic acid fraction (C-FAF), humic acid fraction (C-HAF), and humin fraction (C-HUM). We also analyzed particle size, quantified the levels of particulate carbon (COp) and carbon associated with clay and silt (COam), and calculated the carbon management index (CMI). We evaluated normality and homogeneity for all data. The results were evaluated with an analysis of variance and subsequent F-test. Mean values were compared using a 5% Student’s t-test and subsequently submitted to a Tukey’s test. The highest TOC levels were observed in Region II in the 0-5 cm layer in both vineyard and forested areas. Vineyard areas exhibited lower values of TOC, Cop, and COam compared to forested areas indicating that the management adopted in these areas contributed to the reduction of these fractions. Forested areas exhibited a higher proportion of Cop compared to vineyard areas. The humin fraction represented the largest portion of the TOC and comprised the highest values in both forested and vineyard areas. The carbon management index indicated a low contribution of vineyard areas or a reduction in carbon storage in their soils.
Soil carbon and nitrogen stocks, light organic matter, and remaining phosphorus under a crop-livestock integration system
Authors: Bieluczyk Wanderlei , Pereira Marcos Gervasio , Guareschi Roni Fernandes , Bonetti João De Andrade , Silva Geanderson Nascimento da , Silva Neto Eduardo Carvalho da
Published: August 2017

Crop-livestock integration (CLI) is a management system that has been developed for a variety of soil and climatic conditions, which combined with the no-tillage system (NTS), has many variations in Brazil, particularly regarding grazing intensity. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of different grazing intensities and soybean (Glycine max L.) crops on carbon (Cst) and nitrogen (Nst) stocks, light organic matter (LOM), root content of the LOM (RLOM), and remaining phosphorus (Prem) in an Oxisol under CLI. The treatments consisted of three different heights (0.25 m [P25], 0.35 m [P35], and 0.45 m [P45]) of pasture grown in a CLI system. Two control areas, an area without grazing (AWG) and a native vegetation area of the Cerrado biome (NCA), which were adjacent to the experimental area, were compared with the cultivated areas. Soil samples were collected from 0.00-0.05, 0.05-0.10, and 0.10-0.20 m beneath each area in a completely randomized design with six replications. Soil characteristics were evaluated in the post-pasture cycle period (PP) and the post-soybean crop period (PC), which coincided with the wet and dry seasons, respectively. The NCA had more LOM in the 0.00-0.05 m layer during the PC and the 0.05-0.10 m layer during both the PP and the PC, C in the LOM in the 0.00-0.20 m layer during the PP and the PC, N in the LOM in the 0.00-0.05 m layer in the PC and the 0.05-0.10 m layer in the PP and the PC, and Cst in the 0.00-0.20 m layer in the PP and the PC than the cultivated areas, but a lower soil density (SD) and Prem in the 0.00-0.20 m layer during both the PP and the PC. Treatment P35 had more Nst in the PC and RLOM in the PP than the other cultivated treatments and the AWG. The absence of grazing in the AWG decreased the SD from the PP to the PC, while the treatments with different grazing intensities had similar values throughout this period. Our results suggest that production could be intensified under light and moderate grazing intensities in the CLI system.
Physical characteristics of baru tree fruit aimed at kernel extraction
Authors: Martins Bruno De Andrade , Ferraz Antonio Carlos De Oliveira , Schmidt Flávio Luis
Published: August 2017

The baru tree fruit has a sustainable economical potential. However, the shelling process to release the whole kernel, the most valued part of the fruit, is still performed in a rather inefficient way. The objective of this investigation was to determine the physical-mechanical properties of the fruit to understand its behavior during shelling. Fruit and nut were characterized by unit mass, dimensions, volume and bulk, and real densities. Compression tests up to endocarp disruption were performed to determine maximum force, corresponding deformation, and deformation energy. X-ray tomography was used to identify potential nut internal dimension changes, affected by the treatments. Whole fruits and nuts showed average unit mass values of 28.20 ± 0.99 g and 16.52 ± 1.67 g, respectively. Their average dimensions, such as length, width, and thickness were 52.40 ± 4.48 mm, 38.31 ± 4.05 mm, and 28.64 ± 3.67 mm, and 50.78 ± 5.57 mm, 34.65 ± 5.14 mm, and 21.36 ± 2.86 mm, respectively. Average bulk and real densities values were 519.33 ± 49.63 kg/m3 and 918.87 ± 77.77 kg/m3, and 517.14 ± 41.88 kg/m3 and 1072.00 ± 187.01 kg/m3, respectively. Considering all treatments, the average rupture force ranged between 7926.7 and 9284.4 N, with corresponding widthwise specific deformation of 5.1% and 6.6%, to release 100% whole kernels of the tested nuts. Up to maximum force, deformation energy values ranged between 6.55 and 9.26J. There was no evidence of treatments’ effect on the internal dimension. Based on its mechanical behavior, showing that it is possible to open the endocarp and release the whole kernel, it was concluded that the baru nut has mechanized shelling potential.
Fruit agribusiness waste as an additive in elephant grass silage
Authors: Azevedo Jorge Cardoso de , Araujo Saulo Alberto do Carmo , Rocha Norberto Silva , Cardoso Arilson Moraes , Pantoja Lílian De Araújo , Faturi Cristian , Domingues Felipe Nogueira
Published: August 2017

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential use of fruticulture waste as an additive in elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum) cultivar Napier silage at different densities, defining the effect of fermentative quality, microbiological characteristics and bromatological composition. The experimental design was completely randomized with four replications in a 4 x 3 factorial scheme, comprising a control, banana waste (BW), mango waste (MW), and passion fruit waste (PFW) at three densities (400, 500 and 600 kg green matter [GM] m-3). The effect of ensiling density was greatest in the exclusively elephant grass silage, where a compaction of 600 kg GM m-3 contributed to improvements in fermentation and microbiological processes. The addition of banana waste to the elephant grass silage promoted improvements only in bromatological composition, raising the dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), and non-fiber carbohydrate (NFC) content and reducing fiber components (neutral detergent fiber [NDFap] and acid detergent fiber [ADFap] corrected for ash and protein), but the addition of banana waste did not favor the fermentative or microbiological processes. The addition of passion fruit and mango by-products promoted increased DM and favored the fermentative, microbiological, and bromatological silage processes, regardless of density.
Nutritional value of tifton 85 bermudagrass at two cutting heights and different times of storage
Authors: Sunahara Samantha Mariana Monteiro , Neres Marcela Abbado , Sarto Jaqueline Rocha Wobeto , Nath Caroline Daiane , Scheidt Kácia Carine , Kuhn Odair José
Published: August 2017

The goal of this study was to assess the dehydration curve and nutritional value of Tifton 85 bermudagrass at two cutting heights from ground level (4 and 8 cm) during 120 days of storage in a closed shed. The dehydration curve was determined using samples from the entire plant at eight different times. The experimental design consisted of randomized blocks with plots subdivided per times and five replicates. The second step consisted of assessing the nutritional value of the stored Tifton 85 bermudagrass in randomized blocks with plots subdivided per times and two treatments per plot: cutting height of four and eight centimeters from the ground, and five different times for the subplots, with five replicates. Dehydration of Tifton 85 bermudagrass at the two heights occurred in 48 hours, considered an ideal time for hay drying. The dry matter content responded quadratically to the time of storage of the two heights, only differing during baling and after 120 days of storage. Crude protein content had a quadratic behavior in the two cutting heights, with the smallest value after 30 days of storage (107.0 g kg-1) and the largest after 90 days (147.8 g kg-1) in the cutting height of eight centimeters. The ether extract exhibited a quadratic behavior in the two cutting heights, only differing after 90 days of storage. The neutral detergent fiber content had linear positive response according to the time of storage, with no difference between the cutting heights. For the neutral detergent fiber content in the two cutting heights, the quadratic regression model was the best fit to the data, differing between the heights after 30 and 60 days of storage. In vitro dry matter digestibility and in vitro cell wall digestibility values of the stored hay were lower than the values obtained at the time of cutting. Cutting performed at four centimeters from the ground was the most suitable for hay production due to higher dry matter production and nutritional value without difference between bailing treatments. Hay storage caused undesirable changes in the nutritional value, especially in fiber content and in vitro digestibility.
Dioctophyme renale parasitism in domestic cat in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil - first reported case
Authors: Silva Cristine Cioato da , Cavalcanti Guilherme Albuquerque de Oliveira , Braga Fabricio De Vargas Arigony , Guim Thomas Normanton , Gomes Luiz Guilherme Salgado , Rappeti Josaine Cristina da Silva
Published: August 2017

Dioctophyme renale is a worldwide known nematode of dogs and other domestic and wild species, being uncommon in cats. Some findings of D. renale parasitism in dogs and other wild species are reported in Brazil; but only two cases were recorded in domestic cats. This study aimed to report renal parasitism of D. renale in domestic cat assisted at the Hospital of Veterinary Clinics from the Universidade Federal de Pelotas, in Pelotas city, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil; which were the first successfully diagnosed and treated case in this species. The patient had signs of urethral obstruction. D. renale eggs were detected through urinalysis, and parasite location was categorized as being in the entire medullary area of the right kidney by ultrasound exam. Right nephrectomy was established as therapy, once this organ was destroyed. A 20-cm long female and a 12-cm long male were removed with the right kidney, besides another 16-cm long male from left perirenal region. After 10 days of surgery, the patient was completely recovered from urinary dysfunction, being ready for hospital discharge.
“Um ensaio de ficção científica”: história do presente no suplemento Anexo, do jornal Diário do Paraná
Authors: Moraes Everton de Oliveira
Published: August 2017

O objetivo deste artigo é compreender os modos de historicidade presentes no suplemento Anexo, caderno de cultura e artes publicado no jornal Diário do Paraná no final da década de 1970, com a intenção de ser um espaço gráfico de experimentação artística, uma tentativa de fazer arte no jornal. Partindo da ideia de Eric Landowski, segundo a qual todo jornal conta uma determinada história do presente, interessa compreender que tipo de história e de figurações da temporalidade o suplemento produzia. Para isso, se utilizará os conceitos de heterotopia, entendendo os suplementos de arte/cultura como espaços outros em relação à diagramação corrente dos jornais, e de heterocronia, buscando os modos de experiência do tempo produzidos no interior desses espaços. A intenção é demonstrar que o suplemento se utilizou da arte e de suas ficções para narrar uma história do presente que diagnosticou, no momento mesmo de sua emergência, o regime de historicidade presentista e, ao mesmo tempo, buscou perceber e dar voz a toda uma série de consistências virtuais que subsistiam nos interstícios de sua atualidade.
Mapeando cerceamentos e o lugar da matança animal: o caso do Matadouro Municipal de Ponta Grossa em fins do século XIX
Authors: Rocha Lucas Vinicius Erichsen da , Carvalho Alessandra Izabel de
Published: August 2017

O estabelecimento de um matadouro municipal na cidade de Ponta Grossa, no Estado do Paraná, se deu em estreita relação com reordenações do ambiente urbano nos finais do sécul o XIX. À medida que discursos de modernidade e progresso passavam a fazer parte da ordem do dia, se tornava imprescindível repensar e disciplinar as práticas de matança animal que visavam o fornecimento de carne a população da cidade. Por meio da análise e entrecruzamento de trechos de códigos de posturas, atas da câmara municipal, plantas antigas da cidade e serviços contemporâneos de pesquisa e visualização de imagens de satélite, buscamos apontar a possível localização do primeiro matadouro municipal da cidade de Ponta Grossa e analisar como era sua estrutura e funcionamento. O objetivo do artigo é contribuir para uma maior compreensão da historicidade das práticas de matança animal para o consumo humano demonstrando o vínculo entre a história dos matadouros e a história ambiental urbana.
Literatura, imprensa e mundo editorial: intermediações culturais na França da Terceira República
Authors: Haiduke Paulo Rodrigo Andrade
Published: August 2017

Enfocando o ciclo romanesco do escritor Marcel Proust (1871-1922) intitulado A la recherche du temps perdu1 (publicado entre 1913 e 1927; no Brasil, intitulado Em busca do tempo perdido), a discussão aqui apresentada analisa algumas das relações que se estabeleceram entre literatura, imprensa e mercado editorial na França da Terceira República, mais especificamente em Paris nas décadas de 1910 e 1920. Através de fragmentos da realidade da cultura impressa, que foi um fato marcante desta conjuntura, a intenção central aqui é entender como a cultura midiática emergente atuou na difusão e sucesso da literatura modernista, como no caso da obra proustiana. Portanto, um dos pontos centrais desta reflexão é compreender o papel do novo intermediário cultural que se configurou então através da impressa e do mercado livresco, e que marcou de maneira fundamental a história do modernismo literário.
Quando sujeitos inconstantes fotografam espaços maleáveis
Authors: Dobal Susana
Published: August 2017

A fotografia nasce atrelada à perspectiva linear e a diversas implicações que disso resultam, como a solidez do espaço que converge para um ponto de fuga e culmina em um fragmento de segundo. Quando tempo e espaço são vividos de maneira mais flexível, quando a internet encolhe a geografia permitindo novas simultaneidades e as narrativas cinematográficas embaralham a linearidade, também a representação fotográfica passa por transformações. A maleabilidade dos prédios deixa de ser um privilégio das novas tendências da arquitetura contemporânea para ressurgir na obra de diversos fotógrafos que assimilam o tempo ao espaço fotografado, abalando assim tanto a solidez arquitetônica quanto a situação do sujeito no mundo. Essa outra representação do espaço sugere novas implicações. Se por um lado a arquitetura aparece de forma ora elástica ora etérea, por outro, a fotografia torna visível um pensar por mônadas que, em vez de se encadearem rumo a um centro, elas apenas co-existem.
Research and Application of Data Mining in College Students' Employment Based on Association Rules
Authors: Lijuan Liu , Changliang Zhai
Published: August 2017

This paper takes the employment information data of university graduates as the research object, and takes Apriori algorithm as the main idea, develops a data mining system for early warning of student employment information and new functions of teacher guidance and employment, finds out some factors that affect the employment situation, and realizes the early warning to the students who may not be able to obtain employment smoothly and the teachers who may not have an ideal employment rate. So that managers can obtain more valuable knowledge and information, better management, improve employment rate, and enhance the competitiveness of institutions of higher learning.
The Application of Possibility Distribution for Solving Standard Quadratic Optimization Problems
Authors: Gao Lunshan
Published: August 2017

A standard quadratic optimization problem (StQP) is to find optimal values of a quadratic form over the standard simplex. The concept of possibility distribution was proposed by L. A. Zadeh. This paper applies the concept of possibility distribution function to solving StQP. The application of possibility distribution function establishes that it encapsulates the constrained conditions of the standard simplex into the possibility distribution function, and the derivative of the StQP formula becomes a linear function. As a result, the computational complexity of StQP problems is reduced, and the solutions of the proposed algorithm are always over the standard simplex. This paper proves that NP-hard StQP problems are in P. Numerical examples demonstrate that StQP problems can be solved by solving a set of linear equations. Comparing with Lagrangian function method, the solutions of the new algorithm are reliable when the symmetric matrix is indefinite.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Computer and Information Science, Vol. 10, No. 3
Authors: Lee Chris
Published: August 2017

Reviewer Acknowledgements for Computer and Information Science, Vol. 10, No. 3
Integration and Synergy Generation in Cross Border Acquisitions: A Case Study of Business Failure and Success ‘Made in Japan’
Authors: Matsumoto Shigeru , Jackson Keith
Published: August 2017

This article seeks to advance international business researcher and practitioner insights into processes of cross-border mergers and acquisitions. Specifically, this article highlights the extent to which processes of strategic integration might impact positively and / or negatively on the long term business performance of the newly formed firm during the post-acquisition period – a measure of performance we refer to here as ‘synergy’. In methodological terms, this article develops a mixed-method case study approach, generating, analysing and interpreting empirical data designed to illustrate processes of strategic integration implemented by senior managers at a Japanese firm, Nippon Sheet Glass (NSG), after its acquisition of a UK firm, Pilkington. The case study is longitudinal, drawing on quantitative and qualitative data gathered and analysed between 2006 and 2017. Applying a combination of event study methodology to an iterative analysis of business performance data along with coded analysis of data from in-depth interviews with key stakeholders, this article explores the extent to which strategic integration can both ‘fail’ in terms of achieving synergy and - for a number of generalizable reasons proposed in this article - ultimately ‘succeed’: for example, in cases where the acquiring and acquired firms attempt to integrate their human resource management systems while benefitting from investments of ‘patient’ capital, which (we propose) might be a distinctive feature of cross-border acquisitions sourced in Japan.
De relatie tussen islam en terrorisme
Authors: Croes M.T.
Published: August 2017

Islamic terrorism, Islamic terrorists? An empirical approach

In this contribution the author focuses on the relationship between Islam and terrorism. Based on data from the Global Terrorism Database he argues that Islamic terrorism dominates worldwide since 2002. Paying attention to the creed of the jihadists, Salafism, he argues that it is a continuation of the puritanical tradition within Sunni Islam.
Distinguer l’éthique référentielle de l’éthique inférentielle, ou comment la question du fondement éthique modifie l’analyse d’un cas d’éthique professionnelle en milieu scolaire
Authors: Heinzen Samuel
Published: August 2017

Dès lors que se pose la question du fondement de l’éthique, se pose également le postulat de l’existence ou non de ce fondement. Dans le cadre scolaire, si le postulat de l’existence de ce fondement est admis, il permettra de justifier une prise de décision, assumant ainsi son rôle de fondement. La question de savoir comment prendre une décision sans recourir à un tel fondement postulé revient à formuler la possibilité d’une éthique inférentielle, c’est-à-dire sans fondement, opposée à une éthique référentielle, c’est-à-dire avec fondement. En appliquant cette distinction à un cas réel d’éthique scolaire, on peut commencer à s’interroger au sujet de la vigilance éthique des recherches en éducation sur des problématiques éthiques.
Repères de stagiaires finissants en enseignement permettant de soutenir le développement de leur compétence éthique
Authors: Cloutier Guylaine , St-Vincent Lise-Anne
Published: August 2017

Devant les exigences liées à la professionnalisation enseignante et, par conséquent, devant les attentes à l’égard de la compétence éthique des enseignants, il convient d’abord de se pencher sur ce que signifie être compétent sur le plan éthique. Il ressort des écrits que la compétence éthique entretient un lien étroit avec la réflexion. Il importe ensuite de s’interroger en ce sens sur l’apport de la formation au développement de cette compétence professionnelle.

Cet article présente une partie des résultats issus d’une recherche doctorale portant sur l’agir éthique de stagiaires finissants en enseignement au secondaire. Plus précisément, ces résultats jettent un regard sur ce qui constitue le raisonnement professionnel des stagiaires lié à une situation comportant des enjeux éthiques. Des repères qui soutiennent l’argumentaire des participants stagiaires sont mis en évidence, bien que les mots pour les désigner explicitement soient peu présents dans le discours de ces participants. Les stagiaires expriment le fait qu’ils ne se sentent pas suffisamment outillés en matière d’éthique professionnelle. Entre autres, selon leur point de vue, l’éthique telle qu’elle est abordée lors des activités d’enseignement en formation, particulièrement à l’aide de problématisations éthiques, comporterait un caractère « insoluble ».
Learning and recognition of tactile temporal sequences by mice and humans
Authors: Bale Michael R , Bitzidou Malamati , Pitas Anna , Brebner Leonie S , Khazim Lina , Anagnou Stavros T , Stevenson Caitlin D , Maravall Miguel
Published: August 2017

The world around us is replete with stimuli that unfold over time. When we hear an auditory stream like music or speech or scan a texture with our fingertip, physical features in the stimulus are concatenated in a particular order. This temporal patterning is critical to interpreting the stimulus. To explore the capacity of mice and humans to learn tactile sequences, we developed a task in which subjects had to recognise a continuous modulated noise sequence delivered to whiskers or fingertips, defined by its temporal patterning over hundreds of milliseconds. GO and NO-GO sequences differed only in that the order of their constituent noise modulation segments was temporally scrambled. Both mice and humans efficiently learned tactile sequences. Mouse sequence recognition depended on detecting transitions in noise amplitude; animals could base their decision on the earliest information available. Humans appeared to use additional cues, including the duration of noise modulation segments.
Microbiome succession during ammonification in eelgrass bed sediments
Authors: Ettinger Cassandra L. , Williams Susan L. , Abbott Jessica M. , Stachowicz John J. , Eisen Jonathan A.
Published: August 2017

Background

Eelgrass (Zostera marina) is a marine angiosperm and foundation species that plays an important ecological role in primary production, food web support, and elemental cycling in coastal ecosystems. As with other plants, the microbial communities living in, on, and near eelgrass are thought to be intimately connected to the ecology and biology of eelgrass. Here we characterized the microbial communities in eelgrass sediments throughout an experiment to quantify the rate of ammonification, the first step in early remineralization of organic matter, also known as diagenesis, from plots at a field site in Bodega Bay, CA.

Methods

Sediment was collected from 72 plots from a 15 month long field experiment in which eelgrass genotypic richness and relatedness were manipulated. In the laboratory, we placed sediment samples (n = 4 per plot) under a N2atmosphere, incubated them atin situtemperatures (15 °C) and sampled them initially and after 4, 7, 13, and 19 days to determine the ammonification rate. Comparative microbiome analysis using high throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA genes was performed on sediment samples taken initially and at seven, 13 and 19 days to characterize changes in the relative abundances of microbial taxa throughout ammonification.

Results

Within-sample diversity of the sediment microbial communities across all plots decreased after the initial timepoint using both richness based (observed number of OTUs, Chao1) and richness and evenness based diversity metrics (Shannon, Inverse Simpson). Additionally, microbial community composition changed across the different timepoints. Many of the observed changes in relative abundance of taxonomic groups between timepoints appeared driven by sulfur cycling with observed decreases in predicted sulfur reducers (Desulfobacterales) and corresponding increases in predicted sulfide oxidizers (Thiotrichales). None of these changes in composition or richness were associated with variation in ammonification rates.

Discussion

Our results showed that the microbiome of sediment from different plots followed similar successional patterns, which we infer to be due to changes related to sulfur metabolism. These large changes likely overwhelmed any potential changes in sediment microbiome related to ammonification rate. We found no relationship between eelgrass presence or genetic composition and the microbiome. This was likely due to our sampling of bulk sediments to measure ammonification rates rather than sampling microbes in sediment directly in contact with the plants and suggests that eelgrass influence on the sediment microbiome may be limited in spatial extent. More in-depth functional studies associated with eelgrass microbiome will be required in order to fully understand the implications of these microbial communities in broader host-plant and ecosystem functions (e.g., elemental cycling and eelgrass-microbe interactions).
Comprensión Lectora y Cálculo Matemático: El Rol de la Memoria de Trabajo en Niños de Edad Escolar
Authors:   Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Argentina, Vernucci Santiago , Canet-Juric Lorena ,   Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Argentina, Andrés María Laura ,   Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Argentina, Burin Débora Inés ,   Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Argentina
Published: August 2017

El objetivo del estudio fue analizar la capacidad explicativa de los componentes de la memoria de trabajo (MT) en las habilidades académicas de comprensión lectora (CL) y cálculo matemático (CM) en niños de edad escolar. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 84 niños argentinos de ambos sexos, de 9 a 11 años de edad, seleccionados mediante un muestreo no probabilístico intencional. La MT se evaluó mediante la batería informatizada de Tareas de Autorregulación Cognitiva (TAC), la CL, con la prueba de screening del Test Leer para Comprender y el CM, con el sub-test Cálculo Matemático del WRAT-3. Se realizaron análisis de regresión lineal múltiple y se calculó el porcentaje único de varianza explicada por cada componente. Los resultados mostraron que los componentes de almacenamiento verbal y ejecutivo explicaron la CL, mientras que el almacenamiento verbal, visoespacial y el componente ejecutivo explicaron el CM. Estos resultados son de interés para profundizar en el conocimiento del rol de la MT en la CL y el CM en niños del medio local.
Incidence of Vibrio during dermal and systemic infections of the spotted sand bass (Paralabrax maculatofasciatus Steindachner: 1868) in captivity
Authors: Martínez-Díaz SF , Anguas-Vélez B
Published: August 2017

The incidence of Vibrio in dermal and internal injuries was evaluated in captive broodstock of spotted sand bass, Paralablax maculatofasciatus. During haemorragic infections the associated bacteria were isolated on thiosulfate-citrate-bile-sucrose agar (TCBS) and on Marine Agar 2216. Isolates were presumptively identified and the pathogenicity was experimentally evaluated. Vibrio alginolyticus, V. cholerae, V. fluvialis, V. parahaemolyticus, V. vulnificus and Vibrio sp. were present in external injuries. Vibrio alginolyticus was consistently predominant in dermal injuries. Clinical signs recorded during the vibriosis outbreaks included hemorrhages and petechiae on body surfaces, which were most severe at the base of the pelvic fins and in the opercular region. Hemorrhages and necrosis were observed on the fins. Affected fish became inactive and anorexic. Internally, hemorrhages in the intestine and a pale liver were observed. During experimentally induced infections, the fish inoculated with 108 cells of the strain VPb-C7 (identified as V. alginolyticus) developed clinical signs and mortality was recorded.