bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Magnetic Resonance Enterography and Histology in Patients With Fibrostenotic Crohn's Disease: A Multicenter Study
Authors: Coimbra Alexandre , Rimola Jordi , Cuatrecasas Miriam , De Hertogh Gert , Van Assche Gert , Vanslembrouck Ragna , Glerup Henning , Nielsen Agnete Hedemann , Hagemann-Madsen Rikke , Bouhnik Yoram , Zappa Magaly , Cazals-Hatem Dominique , D'Haens Geert , Stoker Jaap , Meijer Sybren , Rogler Gerhard , Boss Andreas , Weber Achim , Zhao Rui , Keir Mary E. , Scherl Alexis , de Crespigny Alex , Lu Timothy T. , Panés Julián
Published: June 2022

INTRODUCTION:

Magnetic resonance enterography (MRE) is useful for detecting bowel strictures, whereas a number of imaging biomarkers may reflect severity of fibrosis burden in Crohn's disease (CD). This study aimed to verify the association of MRE metrics with histologic fibrosis independent of inflammation.

METHODS:

This prospective European multicenter study performed MRE imaging on 60 patients with CD with bowel strictures before surgical resection. Locations of 61 histological samples were annotated on MRE examinations, followed by central readings using the Chiorean score and measurement of delayed gain of enhancement (DGE), magnetization transfer ratio, T2-weighted MRI sequences (T2R), apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), and the magnetic resonance index of activity (MaRIA). Correlations of histology and MRE metrics were assessed. Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator and receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve analyses were used to select composite MRE scores predictive of histology and to estimate their predictive value.

RESULTS:

ADC and MaRIA correlated with fibrosis (R = −0.71, P < 0.0001, and 0.59, P < 0.001) and more moderately with inflammation (R = −0.35, P < 0.01, and R = 0.53, P < 0.001). Lower or no correlations of fibrosis or inflammation were found with DGE, magnetization transfer ratio, or T2R. Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator and ROC identified a composite score of MaRIA, ADC, and DGE as a very good predictor of histologic fibrosis (ROC area under the curve = 0.910). MaRIA alone was the best predictor of histologic inflammation with excellent performance in identifying active histologic inflammation (ROC area under the curve = 0.966).

Discussion:

MRE-based scores for histologic fibrosis and inflammation may assist in the characterization of CD stenosis and enable development of fibrosis-targeted therapies and clinical treatment of stenotic patients.
Frailty as Tested by the Clinical Frailty Scale Is a Risk Factor for Hepatorenal Syndrome in Patients With Liver Cirrhosis
Authors: Schleicher Eva Maria , Kremer Wolfgang Maximilian , Kalampoka Vasiliki , Gairing Simon Johannes , Kaps Leonard , Schattenberg Jörn M. , Galle Peter Robert , Wörns Marcus-Alexander , Nagel Michael , Weinmann-Menke Julia , Labenz Christian
Published: June 2022

INTRODUCTION:

Frailty is common in patients with cirrhosis and increases the vulnerability to internal and external stressors. This study aimed to investigate the impact of frailty, as defined by the Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS), on the risk of acute kidney injury (AKI) and hepatorenal syndrome (HRS-AKI) in hospitalized patients with liver cirrhosis.

METHODS:

We analyzed data of 201 nonelectively hospitalized patients with cirrhosis and without higher-grade chronic kidney disease. Patient characteristics were captured within the first 24 hours of hospital admission, and frailty was assessed using the CFS. Patients were followed for the development of AKI and/or HRS-AKI during the hospital stay.

RESULTS:

In the total cohort, median CFS was 3 (interquartile range 3–4), and 34 (16.9%) patients were frail (CFS >4). During the hospital stay, 110 (54.7%) and 49 (24.3%) patients developed AKI or HRS-AKI, respectively. Patients with AKI or HRS-AKI had a significantly higher CFS than patients without kidney injury (P < 0.001 each). In multivariable analyses, a higher CFS was independently associated with the development of AKI (odds ratio [OR] 1.467, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.065–2.021) in the total cohort and HRS-AKI (OR 1.809, 95% CI 1.263–2.591) in the subcohort of patients with a history of ascites. In addition, there was a strong association between frailty (OR 3.717, 95% CI 1.456–9.491) and HRS-AKI.

DISCUSSION:

Frailty in patients with cirrhosis is associated with AKI and HRS-AKI. In this context, CFS appears to be a reliable tool to identify patients at high risk for developing AKI or HRS-AKI on hospital admission.
Identifikasi Tumbuhan Lumut di Kawasan Wisata Gunung Galunggung Kabupaten Tasikmalaya Jawa Barat
Authors: Putra Rinaldi Rizal , Hernawati Diana , Fitriani Rita
Published: June 2022

Galunggung mountain tourism spot is one of the natural tourism objects in Tasikmalaya regency possessing high biodiversity of living things, notably moss. The well-preserved environmental conditions in the area of Galunggung mountain enable the moss to grow luxuriantly and has miscellaneous varieties. This study aimed at identifying the moss living in around Galunggung mountain, Tasikmalaya. It was conducted on November 2017 through descriptive exploratory method with survey technique. The data were analysed descriptively by collecting specimens of the moss discovered in each observing station. The observing locations were situated in three different locations (stations) based on hierarchical height levels. Based on the identification, the moss proliferating in Galunggung mountain were classified into 20 species. The moss species dominantly identified in the entire observing stations were Bryum billardierii, Acroporium sp., Leucobryum sp., Marchantia polymorpha, and Calymperes sp.
Keragaman Varietas Mangga (Mangifera indica L.) Di Kotamadya Semarang Jawa Tengah
Authors: Utami Sri , Baskoro Karyadi , Perwati Lilih Khotim , Murningsih M
Published: June 2022

Mango is a fruit that is very popular with the community, especially in Semarang. The taste is sweet, refreshing and has a high vitamine content is the reason this fruit has become one of the superior fruit. In the Semarang area there are quite a lot of mango trees with various varieties. These various mango varieties are potential genetic resources that need to be preserved. This study aims to explore the various mango tree varieats that grow in the municipal area of Semarang. Research techniques by exploring in 3 districts are Banyumanik, Tembalang  and Gunung Pati. The results showed 14 varieties of mango and the most widely grown varieties by the people in the municipality of Semarang are arum manis and manalagi mango. Some of them are local mangoes, mango cultivation and imported mangoes. Local varieties of mango are only found in very small quantities and have begun to scarce, so it is feared that the supply of mango germplasm is increasingly depleting. Germplasm of local mango plants is important to be preserved as a wealth of genetic resources in the Municipality of Semarang
Variasi Karakter Morfologi Cyrtodactylus marmoratus Gray, 1831 (Reptilia: Squamata: Gekkonidae) dari Pulau Jawa
Authors: Wiradarma Huda , Baskoro Karyadi , Hadi Mochamad , Hamidy Amir , Riyanto Awal
Published: June 2022

Cyrtodactylus marmoratus is one of the first species described by Gray in 1831 on the island of Java that believed to have a variation of morphologic characters that not yet complete to revealed. This research aimed to develop any variation characters possessed by Cyrtodactylus marmoratus. The character morphology, morphometric, and meristic follow the statement of Hartmann (2016). Data were collected in August to November in the Lab. Herpetology MZB (Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense) LIPI (The Indonesian Institute of Sciences). Variation characters possessed  by Cyrtodactylus marmoratus, there are 4 Characters Morphology: Head Morph (HM), Patern Morph on the Body (PtrM), Post Cloacal Tubercles (PCT), and second post mental (PM2); a Morphometry Characters is snout-vent Length (SVL); and 12 characters Meristic are: Precloacal Pores (PP), Precloaco-femoral Pores (PFP), Enlarged Precloaco-femoral Scales (EPFS), Ventral Scales (VS), Paravertebral Tubercles (PVT), Dorsal Tubercles (DTR), Lamella Under Toe-IV (LT4), Lamella Under Toe-V (LT5), Lamella Under Finger-III (LF3), Lamella Finger-IV (LF4), Femoral Pores Left (FPL), Femoral Pores Right (FPR).
Aktivitas Inhibitor α-Amilase Ekstrak Etanol Tanaman Brotowali (Tinospora crispa L.)
Authors: Pujiyanto Sri , Wijanarka W , Raharjo Budi , Anggraeni Via
Published: June 2022

Brotowali plant (Tinospora crispa L.) is a traditional Indonesian medicinal plant which has many benefits including for diabetes drugs. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic abnormality caused by an increase in blood sugar levels. The purpose of this study was to determine the activity of α-amylase inhibitors of Brotowali (T. crispa L.) ethanol extract of plants. Extraction is done by maceration followed by evaporation. The extract obtained was tested for α-amylase inhibitor activity. The α-amylase inhibition test is based on the breakdown of starch substrates into maltose and glucose which is then determined by spectrophotometer after administration of DNS. Tests are carried out on controls and samples. As a substrate is 0.5% starch solution in 100 ml of sterile aquades. The reaction mixture was incubated 25 ° C for 10 minutes. The reaction is stopped by adding 2 ml of 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS). All the mixed solutions are then heated to 100 ° C for 5 minutes and allowed to cool. The change in color of the solution is then measured for its absorbance at a wavelength of 540 nm. As a comparison used a control test that did not use extract samples. The results of α-amylase inhibitor activity test showed that ethanol extract with a concentration of 1000 μg / mL had the highest inhibitory activity value of 95.06% compared to extract concentration of 500 μg / mL, 250 μg / mL, 125 μg / mL and 62.5 μg / mL. The results of testing the effect of substrate concentration showed that 0.5% starch concentration had the highest inhibitory value of 9.52% compared to 2%, 1% and 0.25% concentrations
Keanekaragaman Tumbuhan Paku (Pteridophyta) di Kawasan Candi Gedong Songo Kabupaten Semarang
Authors: Saputro Rizky Wahyu , Utami Sri
Published: June 2022

Gedong Songo Temple Region is one of tourism destination place in Semarang District that has high biodiversity, especially fern plants (Pteridophytes) species diversity. This study aims to determine the species diversity, species abundance, and environmental factor in the Gedong Songo Temple Region. The procedure of collecting fern sample was used cruise method by tracking from entrance to exit.Every kind of ferns species were obtained, the name of species was labeled, and total individuals of every species were counted. Every ferns species were identified and collected as herbarium. The result recorded 18 species that categorized as 11 families. Abundant ferns species are Gleichenia linearis, Histiopteris incisa, Lycopodium cernuum, dan Nephrolepis sp. Environmental factors in the Gedong Songo Temple are temperature has range 22°C - 27°C, humidity has range 58% - 74%, soil pH has range 6,8 - 7,2, and altitude has range 1.325 m - 1.396 m.
Pengaruh Injeksi Multi Antigen terhadap Pertambahan Berat Badan, Bobot Organ Relatif dan Profil Eritrosit pada Puyuh Jantan (Coturnix coturnix japonica) Usia 5 Bulan
Authors: Daryanti Edhita Putri , Santosa Koekoeh , Farajalla Achmad , Maheswari Hera
Published: June 2022

Coturnix coturnix japonica is one of quail the promising commodities to breding. Health management of poultry in livestock such as quail has problems related to the threat of disease from the environment. Diseases caused by disease agents attack birds resulting in morbidity and mortality so that farmers experience losses. This study aims to determine the effect of injection of two different antigens at different time frames on body weight gain, relative organ weight and erythrocyte profile in 5-month-old male quail. The study used an experimental method of completely randomized design (RAL) with animals as many as 28 male quails divided into 7 groups with 4 replications, namely K0: not injected with antigen, P1: injection SDMD 2%, P2: SDMD injection 2% and ND vaccine, P3 : injection ND and SDMD 2% in week 4, P4: injection vaccine ND, P5: injection SDMD 2% and SDMD 2%, P6: injection treatment ND vaccine and injection ND vaccine. Data obtained by body weight gain, relative organ weight, erythrocyte count, hemoglobin level and hematocrit value. Data were analyzed by Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) using MiniTab17. The results showed that organ weight gain, relative organ weight, heart, heart, pancreas, kidney, lung, spleen, erotrocyte count, hemoglobin level, and hematocrit value were not significantly different (P> 0.05) with control treatment so it can concluded that the effect of antigen injection does not affect the weight gain of organs, the relative weights of the liver, heart, pancreas, kidney, lungs, spleen, the number of erotrosites, hemoglobin levels, and hematocrit values.
Phytochemicals Screening and Effectiveness of Free Radical Inhibitors of Garlic (Allium sativum L.) Ethanol Extract from Timor Island
Authors: Priska Melania , Peni Natalia , Carvallo Ludovicus
Published: June 2022

The purpose of the study was to determine the content of secondary metabolites and the effectiveness of garlic (Allium sativum L.) ethanol extract from Timor island which has the potential to inhibit free radicals. The method used for testing secondary metabolites is phytochemical screening using color reagents. The effectiveness of free radical inhibitors from the ethanol extract of garlic (Allium sativum L.) from Timor island was carried out in two steps are: 1.) Determination of DPPH wavelength (λ) maximum and 2.) Measurement of antioxidant activity using the DPPH method. The results showed the ethanol extract of garlic (Allium sativum L.) from Timor Island contained secondary metabolites of flavonoids, phenols, and terpenoids. The ethanol extract of garlic (Allium sativum L.) from Timor Island also has strongest effectiveness in inhibiting free radicals, with the acquisition of IC50 values <50 ppm which is equal to 9,729 ppm
Keanekaragaman Jenis Tumbuhan Paku (Pteridophyta) di Kawasan Wisata Air Terjun Jurang Nganten Kabupaten Jepara
Authors: Windari W , Perwati Lilih Khotim , Murningsih M
Published: June 2022

Ferns (Pteridophyta) have a high diversity of species and are able to live in a variety of environmental conditions. Ferns have an ecological function (ground cover, producer, bioindicator) and economically (as food, medicine, and crafts). The Jurang Nganten Waterfall in Jepara Regency is a tourist attraction as well as a source of irrigation for rice fields and gardens. The study aims to find out how the diversity of the fern species in the Jurang Nganten Waterfall Tourism Area. The research was conducted at three stations: Station 1 (entrance post), Station 2 (mahogany garden), and Station 3 (around the waterfall). Each station was divided into 7 plots with sizes 5 m x 5 m (terrestrial) and 10 m x 10 m (epiphyte). The results obtained 24 species included in 19  genera and 11 families (21 terrestrial species and 3 epiphytic species). The species of ferns that can be found at all stations are Nephrolepis biserrata, Antrophyum plantagineum, Pityrogramma calomelanos, and Pteris biaurita. The highest fern species diversity index (H’) is at around the waterfall, which is 2.51.
Pengaruh Musim Terhadap Kelimpahan Perifiton Lamun Thallasia hemperichii di Legon Boyo, Karimunjawa
Authors: Hendrayana H , Samudra Sesilia Rani
Published: June 2022

Periphyton abudance is influenced by water dynamics like a currents and waves. The aim of the research was to determaine periphyton abudance on Thallasia hemperichii seagrass in different season waters at Legon Boyo, Karimunjawa. The result show in T. hemperichii were found 9 periphyton classes. The most number is Bacillaryophyceae dominant in every season. Biology index show a value of 0.96-2.6 (low-moderate diversity), uniformity has a value of 0.65-1.48 (medium-high uniformity) and dominance with a value of 0.11-0.23 (low dominance). This shows that the abundance of different periphyton is caused by differences in water dynamics in each season.
Kinetika Pertumbuhan dan Analisis Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR) Spectroscopy Bakteri Penghasil Pigmen Serratia marcescens dan Rhodococcus sp.
Authors: Kusdiyantini Endang
Published: June 2022

Serratia marcescens and Rhodococcus sp. are two pigment-producing bacteria that have the potential to be used in industry. Pigment production is closely related to bacterial growth. This study examined the growth and specific growth rate (umaks) as well as functional group analysis using FTIR from the bacteria S. marcescens and Rhodococcus sp. isolated from the Gedong Songo hot spring, Bandungan Semarang. The results showed that the maximum growth of S. marcescens and Rhodococcus sp. of 0.044 g/L and 0.0038 g/L were achieved at the same hour, namely 48 hours of incubation time. The specific growth rate (umax) of S. marcescens was 0.11(1/hour) and Rhodococcus sp. of 0.15 (1/hour). FTIR analysis of these two bacteria showed absorption at N-H, C-H, O-H and C=O, so that the pigment compounds belonged to the alkaloid group.
Isolasi dan Pengaruh Monosodium Glutamat terhadap Pertumbuhan Bakteri Proteolitik Limbah Cair Tahu
Authors: Cahyaningrum Emi , Wijanarka W , Lunggani Arina Tri
Published: June 2022

The tofu industry in Indonesia is growing rapidly. Tofu liquid waste is usually discharged into the waters and causes water pollution. An efficient way to overcome this problem is to utilize tofu liquid waste. Tofu liquid waste contains proteolytic bacteria that are useful in industry. The increase in bacterial growth is done by adding substances, one of which is the addition of Monosodium Glutamate (MSG). MSG contains glutamate which plays a role in protein synthesis. This study aims to isolate proteolytic bacteria and determine the effect of MSG on the growth of proteolytic bacteria in tofu liquid waste. The research methods included isolation, purification, morphological characterization, calculation of the Proteolytic Index (IP), testing the effect of MSG concentration on growth and protease activity, and data analysis. The MSG concentration used was 0 gr/L; 0.5 gr/L; 1 g/L and 1.5 g/L. The design used was Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The results obtained four isolates with different morphological characteristics. The isolate that had the highest IP value was the fourth isolate of 3,206 and was used for the test. The effect of MSG on growth and protease activity was highest at a concentration of 1.5 g/L at 24 hours. The highest protease enzyme activity was 0.0756 U/mL. The results of the ANOVA analysis showed a significant effect (p<0.05) on the administration of MSG on the growth of the four proteolytic bacterial isolates of tofu wastewater
The Mass Distribution of Soputan Volcano Based on Gravity Data
Authors: Haning Dave Emmanuel , Setyawan Agus , Indriana Rina Dwi
Published: June 2022

The gravity method is a passive method based on the density measurement among sediment. This method is usually applied to identify the condition of the earth’s subsurface. Soputan Volcano is located in District Minahasa Tenggara. Soputan Volcano is included in type A Volcano or stratovolcano and it stands at 1783.7 MSL. This research aims to identify the distribution of subsurface mass (sediment density) of Soputan. The data used was Data from satellite GGmPlus and elevation data of ERTM which was corrected to ellipsoid reference. 3D inversion modeling applied Grablox software. The complete value of the Bouguer anomaly obtained was 110 – 162 mGal. The density result obtained from the inversion model was 2.3 g/cm3 to 2.95 g/cm3. The sediment that could be identified was andesite sediment and basalt sediment. Based on that result, the layer arranging Soputan Volcano consists of many variations of mass in each depth grouped into andesite, breccia, basalt, andesite-basaltic, lava, breccia, and tuff.
Derek Sayer: Praha, hlavní město 20. století: Surrealistická historie
Authors: Brown Lucy
Published: June 2022

Book review on Derek Sayer: Praha, hlavní město 20. století: Surrealistická historie. Praha: Volvox Globator, 2021, 516 pp.
Well-posedness and blow-up results for a class of nonlinear fractional Rayleigh-Stokes problem
Authors: Wang Jing Na , Alsaedi Ahmed , Ahmad Bashir , Zhou Yong
Published: June 2022

In this article, we consider the fractional Rayleigh-Stokes problem with the nonlinearity term satisfies certain critical conditions. The local existence, uniqueness and continuous dependence upon the initial data of

ε

\varepsilon

-regular mild solutions are obtained. Furthermore, a unique continuation result and a blow-up alternative result of

ε

\varepsilon

-regular mild solutions are given in the end.
Agreements in European Family Law – The Findings, Theoretical Assessments and Proposals of the Commission on European Family Law (CEFL)
Authors: González Beilfuss Cristina
Published: June 2022

This paper presents the findings, theoretical assessments and proposals made by the Commission on European Family Law in its Principles on European Family law in connection to agreements in family matters. It discusses, in particular, whether proposals were made on the basis of the common core of the jurisdictions surveyed or rely on a better law approach.
Spousal Agreements and Patriarchal Bargains: A Wife’s Guarantee of Her Husband’s Business Debts
Authors: Gan Orit
Published: June 2022

This Article uses the term patriarchal bargain in order to analyze spousal agreements. In her canonical article Deniz Kandiyoti has coined the term patriarchal bargain in order to describe how women negotiate with patriarchy and strategize under the constraints of male domination. Her seminal work has been highly influential in sociology and gender studies. However, legal scholarship has paid little attention to her work. This Article seeks to bridge this gap and explores how women bargain in the shadow of patriarchy. Using a European courts’ decision as an example, this article adds the patriarchal context of spousal agreements. This social context enriches our understanding of spousal agreements and deepens our understanding of contracting under conditions of social inequalities.
Numerical determination of condensation pressure drop of various refrigerants in smooth and micro-fin tubes via ANN method
Authors: Çolak Andaç Batur , Celen Ali , Dalkılıç Ahmet Selim
Published: June 2022

In the current work, the pressure drop of the refrigerant flow in smooth and micro-fin pipes has been modeled with artificial neural networks as one of the powerful machine learning algorithms. Experimental analyses have been evaluated in two groups for the numerical model such as operation parameters/physical properties and dimensionless numbers used in two-phase flows. Feed forward back propagation multi-layer perceptron networks have been developed evaluating the practically obtained dataset having 673 data points covering the flow of R22, R134a, R410a, R502, R507a, R32 and R125 in four different pipes. The outputs acquired from the artificial neural network have been evaluated with the target ones, and the performance factors have been estimated and the prediction accuracy of the network models has been resourced comprehensively. The results revealed that the neural networks could predict the pressure drop of the refrigerant flow in smooth and micro-fin pipes between 10% deviation bands.
Photothermal heating and heat transfer analysis of anodic aluminum oxide with high optical absorptance
Authors: Tanjaya Nicholaus Kevin , Kaur Manpreet , Nagao Tadaaki , Ishii Satoshi
Published: June 2022

Photothermal heating with metallic nanostructures has the unique property of generating heat at the nanoscale owing to plasmon resonances. In this study, the heat transfer of anodic aluminum oxides (AAOs) coated with plasmonic titanium nitride (TiN) of 80 nm thickness are experimentally, numerically, and analytically studied, wherein TiN photothermally generated heat. High optical absorptance and photothermal heating efficiency are observed for the samples with pore sizes in the range of 161–239 nm, and the sample with the pore size of 239 nm exhibits the highest absorptance and photothermal heating efficiency. In addition, the numerical and analytical heat transfer analyses using the effective thermal conductivities for AAO-TiN samples are in reasonable agreement with experimental results, indicating the validity of effective thermal conductivities, which consider the periodic nature. These results can be extended to design other optically absorbing periodic structures for photothermal heating applications.
Molecular dynamics application of cocrystal energetic materials: A review
Authors: Wang Fuping , Du Guangyan , Liu Xinchi , Shao Mingyu , Zhang Chenggen , Chen Lang
Published: June 2022

Cocrystallization is an important method to obtain high-energy and low-sensitivity explosives. Therefore, the synthesis, structures, and properties of cocrystal energetic materials have become a highly active research topic. Studying the physical and chemical properties of cocrystal energetic materials by molecular dynamics is of great significance for the in-depth understanding and design/synthesis of new cocrystal energetic materials. This review introduces the method of molecular dynamics, the cocrystal energetic materials synthesized successfully to date, and the application of molecular dynamics to cocrystal energetic materials. The existing problems and future development directions are discussed. We hope that this review will encourage researchers interested in the field to design and synthesize high-energy and low-sensitive energetic materials with practical application value.
Moral character, moral choice and the existential semiotics of space awareness
Authors: Sandström Niclas , Nevgi Anne
Published: June 2022

In this paper, we describe a semiotic programme that proposes an alternative conceptual framework to understand the moral positionalities that people have in socio-material space. The study amalgamates moral character and signs and signification through a discussion of moral choice and value acts in an existential semiotic framework, as laid out by Eero Tarasti. The programme was triggered by a lived experience in a non-place, yielding the concept of semiotic space awareness – i.e., the value acts that work as signs of moral character in people’s socio-material space. It is the moral positioning of a subject in the socio-material and semiotic space in relation to other subjects. People’s positionalities primarily take place in the socio-material space, and the dimensions we discuss focus on how value acts are produced and interpreted in space and place. Our aim is to take the approach used in, e.g., proxemics to a universal metalevel in terms of its key, undivided semiotic ingredients irrespective of cultural variation. We then extrapolate by discussing how these value acts trigger potential tensions and conflicts that can be approached using semiotics as a foundation for analysis. More specifically, the moral character that people portray in their value acts is theorized and applied as an explanatory tool to understand the semiosis and its repercussions in Dasein. We also introduce affordance as an additional dimension in the interplay and modalizations between moral character and moral choice to understand value acts and semiotic space awareness in subjects’ Dasein and Umwelt.
On the face-threat attenuating functions of Korean com: implications for internal and external dialogic processing in interaction
Authors: Ahn Mikyung , Yap Foong Ha
Published: June 2022

Pragmatic markers are linguistic resources, many of them highly ubiquitous, that provide speakers with a means to display their stance toward a given proposition and, at the same time, toward their fellow interlocutors and others. Using naturally-occurring spoken data from the Sejong Spoken Corpus, we examine the role of Korean pragmatic marker com as an interactional resource for stance management in conversation. We integrate a ‘stance triangle’ framework and a dialogicality model that involves both ‘internal’ and ‘external’ dialogic processes, and analyze how Korean com is recruited as a face-threat mitigator to attenuate the assertive force of a speaker’s utterance in a variety of conversational contexts. Our findings indicate that the use of com is frequently motivated by sociocultural values, reframed as politeness norms, which prompt speakers to modulate their position in ways that mitigate face-loss for both themselves and others. We thus propose an expanded version of the ‘stance triangle’ for situations involving mitigation acts whereby, in potentially dis-aligning contexts, the speaker’s external positioning toward the stance object often does not directly nor fully reflect their internal evaluation, indicating a frequent desire among fellow interlocutors to preserve solidarity with each other.
Investigation of GHRL (rs4684677), FTO (rs8044769) and PGC1Α (rs8192678) polymorphisms in type 2 diabetic Turkish population
Authors: Oğuz Osman , Gheybi Arezoo , Doğan Zeliha , Akbaş Feray , Zeybek Ümit , Ergen Arzu
Published: June 2022

Objectives

Diabetes is a chronic group of metabolic disorders those generally present with hyperglycemia hence insulin synthesis defects due to multifactorial causes in beta cells in the Langerhans islets of the pancreas. In the development of diabetes, genetic predisposition is as important as environmental factors. As a result of polymorphism studies in diabetic patients, many genes were associated with the development of diabetes. In our study, we aimed to represent the relationship between diabetes and certain variants of the ghrelin (GHRL), fat mass and obesity-associated protein (FTO) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator (PGC-1α) genes which are generally associated with diabetes and obesity.

Methods

One-hundred type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients and ninety-four healthy volunteers were enrolled in our study. GHRL (rs4684677), FTO (rs8044769) and PGC-1α (rs8192678) gene polymorphism studies were performed by the real-time PCR method.

Results

The carriers of the TT genotype for the FTO (rs8044769) and the GG genotype for the PGC-1α (rs8192678) variants were found more frequently in the patient group, while the GHRL (rs4684677) did not differ between the groups. For the PGC-1α (rs8192678) variant in the patient group, glucose and BMI levels were observed significantly higher in carriers of the GA genotype than those with the GG genotype. There was no statistical difference in the distribution of GHRL (rs4684677) alleles among the groups.

Conclusions

We conclude that the FTO (rs8044769) and PGC-1α (rs8192678) variants are associated with T2DM in the Turkish population. However, there is no association between GHRL (rs4684677) and T2DM.
P53 Expression in Endometrial Hyperplasia and Endometrial Carcinoma
Authors: Ahmed Nadya , Isaac Rivan
Published: June 2022

Background and objective: Mutations of the P53 tumor suppressor gene and altera-tions in its protein expression often occur in a variety of human malignant tumors, including endometrial carcinoma, but the practical implications of this phenomenon are yet to be fully exploited. This study was designed to evaluate P53 protein expression in normal, hyper-plastic and malignant endometrium by immunohistochemical study and to correlate P53 expression in endometrial carcinoma with other clinic-pathological prognostic parameters (age, histologic type, tumor grade, cervical & myometrial invasion, and tumor stage). Methods: The studied samples included 100 formalin fixed, paraffin embedded endo-metrial tissue specimens which were divided to the following diagnostic categories: - Pro-liferative endometrium (n=10); secretory endometrium (n=10); simple hyperplasia (n=10); complex hyperplasia without atypia (n=20); atypical complex hyperplasia (n=10) and endo-metrial carcinoma (n=40). Results: None of the normal endometrium, simple hyperplasia and complex hyperplasia without atypia showed P53 immunostaining, while 20% of atypical complex hyperplasia and 32.5% of endometrial carcinoma showed immunoreactivity for P53. In endometrial car-cinoma, significant correlation was observed between P53 expression and age at diagno-sis, histological grade,FIGO stage, myometrial invasion & cervical invasion ; but not with the histological type . Conclusion: The results indicated the validity & simplicity of the application of immuno-histochemistry in determining the status of P53 overexpresion which is strongly associated with endometrial carcinoma aggressiveness and high malignant potential.
Different Aspects of Acne in Patients Attending the Department of Dermatology and Venereology at Rizgary Teaching Hospital in Erbil
Authors: Sulaiman Ala’a , Almousuly Intiha
Published: June 2022

Background and objective: Acne is a common skin disease of adolescence. It is caused by inflammation of the pilosebaceous units, characterized by comedones, papules, pustules, inflamed nodules and it may result in scarring. This study was performed to define the different aspects of acne in patients attending the department of dermatology and venereology in Rizgary Teaching Hospital. Methods: This study is a descriptive case- series hospital- based study, conducted on 200 patients with acne attending the department of dermatology and venereology in Rizgary Teaching Hospital in Erbil. Results: The number of female patients with acne was 145 and male patients were 55. Acne of moderate severity was the commonest type, it was found in 57% and 64% of the patients had mixed types of lesions. Seborrhea was present in 84% of patients. Hirsutism was present in 44% of female patients and pre-menstrual flare-up was found in 73% of females. A significant relation was found between gender and degree of severity of acne. Also a significant relation was found between seborrhea and the acne severity. Conclusion: This study showed that acne of moderate severity was the commonest type. Females made the majority of our acne patients. Multiple exacerbating factors were found to be contributing.
Determination of Calcium and Iron in Prostate and Bladder Tumors by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer
Authors: Moustafa Shatha
Published: June 2022

Background and objective: Serum calcium and iron were used as a biochemical markers for investigation of the neoplastic diseases ,since there is a growing concern about the possible links between these minerals and tumors of various organs and tissues ,the objectives of this study were to determine the changes in the serum levels of Ca & Fe ions in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia and bladder cancer and to identify the role of these markers in diagnosis and prognosis of these patients . Methods: This study was done in Baghdad at Al-Kadhemia Teaching Hospital between 10/9/2002 and 1/9/2003 .Serum samples were obtained for measurement of calcium and iron.,which were determined by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer . Results: Hypercalcemia affects up to 30% of patients with bladder and prostate cancers. In addition there were a decrease in the iron serum level as a result of tumor growth . Conclusion: Hypercalcemia, is one of the most common metabolic disorders accompanying neoplasia.The cancers most often associated with hypercalcemia, in addition there were a reduction in serum level of iron this biochemical marker may be associated with the pathogenesis of cancer.
EuroSCORE II Validation as a Method for Cardiac Surgery Risk Stratification in Mexico
Authors: Hernández-Rendón Edgar , Zúñiga-Alaníz Luis Manuel , Rosas –Peralta Martin , Borrayo-Sánchez Gabriela , Murillo-Benítez Coral , González-Díaz Francisco , Claire-Guzmán Sergio , Ortiz Betance Gloria , Ramírez Castañeda Alberto , Riera-Kinkel Carlos
Published: June 2022

Objective: To Validate the EuroSCORE II as a method for cardiac surgery risk stratification in Mexican adult population. Methods: We included adult patients undergoing to cardiac surgery, in order to determine the predictive value of EuroSCORE II on morbidity and mortality risk. Continuous variables are presented as mean ± SD or median with its interquartile range as appropriate; categorical variables were described as n, % or rate. To validate the EuroSCORE II scale, the assessment was done with Hosmer- Lemeshow (HL) test. In terms of discrimination, we used the features of the receiver operation characteristic (ROC) curves. Results: They were 704 patients, grouped into five categories: simple (one vessel) Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG) surgery, n= 299 (43%) cases. CABG revascularization (two or more vessels), n= 208 (30%). Double Procedure (CABG + valve replacement) 174 (25%) cases. Triple procedure (CABG + valve + aorta surgery) 23 (3.3%) patients. The mortality observed within 30 days of the surgery was 88 (12.5%). Meanwhile, the mean of the expected mortality predicted by EuroSCORE II was 3.63 ± 5.91 (95% CI: 3.19-4.06). The EuroSCORE II scale presented a good capacity for discrimination in the studied population reaching an area under the ROC curve of 0.821 (p < 0.000, 95% CI: 0.772-0.871). A calibration for the scale measured through logistic regression with goodness of adjustment of Hosmer-Lemeshow was determined (χ2 = 17.74, p = 0.64). Conclusion: EuroSCORE II showed moderate discrimination ability in general. The scale can be useful to identify some problems in our hospital, however, the mortality rate might be underestimated. Key words: Euroscore II; Adult Cardiac Surgery; Surgical Risk
Intraoperative Malperfusion after Central Repair for Acute Aortic Dissection
Authors: Hirose Tomoaki , Tabayashi Nobuoki , Abe Takehisa , Hayata Yoshihiro , Yamashita Keigo , Tamura Yamato , Taniguchi Shigeki
Published: June 2022

A 54-year-old man was hospitalized with sudden occurrence of chest and back pains. Computed tomography revealed a thrombus acute type A aortic dissection. Emergency prosthetic graft replacement of the ascending aorta was performed. After completion of the central repair, intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography showed significant narrowing of the true lumen due to the expansion of the false lumen at the level of the descending thoracic aorta. We successfully performed surgical aortic fenestration at the level of the descending thoracic aorta after the reestablishment of cardiopulmonary bypass. Key words: malperfusion; acute type A aortic dissection; surgical fenestration
VA-ECMO and VV-ECMO in COVID-19: Severe ARDS or Cardiogenic Shock?
Authors: Gatta F , Evans C , Lazarus N
Published: June 2022

The novel coronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) emerged in Wuhan, China, on December 2019. Since then it has spread worldwide, causing an unforeseen global crisis. Respiratory involvement ranging from a mild flu-like illness to potentially lethal acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is the predominant clinical manifestation of SARS-CoV-2. However, cardiovascular complications can also result in severe morbidity and mortality. Although ARDS appears to be the most common trigger for intensive care unit (ICU) admission, cardiac injury and shock are also frequent. In patients with ARDS and/or cardiogenic shock, the Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) is often required to provide respiratory and cardiac support. Nevertheless, evidence on ECMO in COVID-19 patients remains controversial. This review sought to analyse the use of veno-venous-ECMO and veno-arterial-ECMO in SARS-CoV-2 positive patients, of whom age (p-value 0.89), previous medical history, presenting complaints, echocardiography, indication for ECMO, duration of support (p-value0.31), and status at discharge (mortality p-value0.75) were analysed. It has to be acknowledged that a multidisciplinary approach and a frequent reassessment of response to mechanical circulatory support are fundamental for the SARS-CoV-2 population requiring cardiac and/or respiratory support. Keywords: VA-ECMO;VV-ECMO;ECLS;COVID-19;SARS-CoV-2;cardiogenic shock;ARDS
Continuous and Discontinuous Adherence to the Sticky Japanese Diet on Adiponectin and Leptin Regulation
Authors: Hirokawa Yoshiki , Izumo Nobuo , Tawara Shogo , Aihara Saki , Obara Rena , Shimazu Tomomi , Tsuzuki Kimiko , Watanabe Yasuo
Published: June 2022

Background: In order to evaluate the regulational role of adiponectin and leptin on obesity, we examined the significance of daily adherence to the Sticky Japanese Diet (SJD) on the preventions of obesity and metabolic syndrome by assessing the fat adiponectin/leptin and plasma leptin levels using normal and high-fat diet (HFD) mice. Methods: Five-week-old male ICR strain mice were placed in individual cages and randomly divided into eight groups based on feeding of SJD or not. At the end of each treatment period, plasma triglyceride, cholesterol, and leptin levels were measured by biochemical analysis. The adiponectin and leptin levels in adipose tissue were measured using RT-PCR. Results: In normal mice, an eight-week treatment of SJD increased adiponectin levels in adipose tissue. However, four weeks after discontinuing the SJD, these levels decreased. Furthermore, continuous feeding of the SJD for eight weeks increased plasma leptin levels but not that of adipose tissue. And then, discontinuing the SJD for more than eight days resulted in a decrease in plasma leptin levels. In HFD mice, an increase in body weight and visceral fat was seen at eight days after discontinuing the SJD which was undertaken for a total of eight weeks. At this time, the plasma leptin levels in these mice were substantially higher than in normal mice, although these levels were getting to be decreased over four weeks. Conclusion: This study revealed that discontinuous adherence to the SJD induced decreases in both adiponectin and leptin levels. Together with our previous publication, this paper suggests that daily adherence to the SJD might be essential for maintaining good health. Keywords: NuruNeba (Sticky Japanese Diet); Washoku (Japanese foods); normal diet; high-fat diet; leptin; adiponectin; obesity; mice Abbreviations: SJD: Sticky Japanese Diet; HFD: High-Fat Diet; CE-2: CLEA Rodent Diet CE-2; TG: Triglyceride; UCP1: Uncoupling Protein-1; BAT: Brown Adipose Tissue
A Change Point Regression Model for Treatment Effects Estimation of Functional Foods in a Pre-Post Design
Authors: Kobuna Shiori , Hayamizu Kohsuke
Published: June 2022

In an intervention study for functional foods, the study population is often a mixed group of healthy individuals and/or those who are not so healthy but are not definitely disease. For such heterogeneous populations, we propose an alternative approach for evaluating the efficacy of dietary supplements and functional foods based on a changepoint regression model (CPRM). The CPRM can be performed without stratified or subgroup analysis. By using profile likelihood methods based on the Akaike information criterion, inferences can made easily using standard statistical software. The proposed method was applied to skeletal muscle ratio study data, and the merit of the proposed method was demonstrated by comparing it with the conventional method. Keywords: Change point regression model Clinical trial; Dietary supplements; AIC
Validity of Self-Reported Anthropometric Measures in Estimating Obesity Prevalence in Brazil: Study with Data from the National Health Survey (PNS), 2013
Authors: Souza Ferreira Arthur Pate de , Szwarcwald Celia Landmann , Damacena Giseli Nogueira , Boccolini Cristiano Siqueira , Borges de Souza Junior Paulo Roberto
Published: June 2022

Background Self-reported height and weight measurement is a simple and a non-invasive method of collecting data in population surveys. However, the inaccuracy of self-reported data may bias the population nutritional status evaluation. The aim of this study is to compare the obesity prevalence estimated with self-reported anthropometric data and with measured weight and height using data from the National Health Survey, Brazil, 2013. Methods A three-stage cluster sampling (census tracts, households, and individuals) with stratification of the primary sampling units and random selection in all stages was used to select Brazilian adults aged 18 years and over. Excluding pregnant women, measurements of weight and height were taken among all selected adults and were also self-reported during the interview on the same day. Logistic regression models were used to investigate the sociodemographic factors and lifestyles associated with the outcome "reported weight and height during the interview”. Obesity prevalence estimates calculated with self-reported and measured weight and height were compared in all variable categories. Results From the sample of 59,402 adults, 70.2% self-reported weight and height. Men were most likely to report their weight (OR = 1.14) and white people when compared to non-white (OR = 0.60). People from the upper socioeconomic class are 6.5 times more likely to report their weight and height during the interview. Healthy habits and medical consultation in the past year were significantly associated with the outcome. Among women, obesity prevalence estimated with self-reported measures (20.5%) was significantly lower than those with measured weight and height (24.4%), with larger differences among women of high socioeconomic status. No significant differences were found among men. Conclusions Given that the body mass index is used as a guide for identifying health risks, these findings indicate that direct measurement of height and weight should be performed whenever possible in Brazilian surveys to adequately support public health policies. Keywords: Health surveys; Nutritional status; Obesity; Self-reported anthropometric measures.