bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Severe gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with atrial fibrillation receiving oral anticoagulants (based on REGistry of long-term AnTithrombotic TherApy – REGATTA)
Authors: Kropacheva Ekaterina S. , Khakimova Mariia B. , Krivosheeva Elena N. , Zemlyanskaya Oksana A. , Panchenko Elizaveta P.
Published: October 2021

Background. The rate of major bleeding in patients with atrial fibrillation receiving oral anticoagulants is 25% per year. Gastrointestinal bleedings are at least a half of major hemorrhagic complications. Currently, there is no optimal scale to calculate the risk of bleeding, and therefore the search for clinical predictors of gastrointestinal bleeding remains relevant.
Aim. To assess the frequency and structure of large gastrointestinal bleeding, as well as to identify clinical predictors of their development based on long-term prospective observation of patients with atrial fibrillation receiving oral anticoagulants.
Materials and methods. Data were obtained from single center prospective REGistry of long-term AnTithrombotic TherApy (REGATTA NCT043447187). Investigation based on a 20-year follow-up with 510 patients with atrial fibrillation with a high thromboembolic risk (median CHA2DS2-VASc was 4 points). The REGATTA registry assessed the frequency and structure of major gastrointestinal bleeding. Predictors of the development of 32 large gastrointestinal bleeding were identified based on the analysis of pairs with univariate and multivariate analyses.
Results. The frequency of major gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with atrial fibrillation receiving oral anticoagulants at 1 year was 1.42 per 100 patients; the predominant localization was upper gastrointestinal tract. Predictors of the development of major gastrointestinal bleeding according to multiple regression data analysis were hemoglobin level 14.55 g/dL, body mass index 28.4 kg/m2, gastrointestinal ulcer or erosive lesion and major hemorrhagic complications in history of disease. In 1/2 cases the sourse of bleeding remained unclear.
Conclusion. Searching for clinical predictors of gastrointestinal bleeding can identify patients receiving oral anticoagulants who is need of intensive monitoring risk factors to prevent the development of life-threatening bleeding and to provide with adequate anticoagulant therapy.
Influenza vaccination and prognosis for patients with high cardiovascular risk
Authors: Dmitrieva Olga A. , Mironova Olga Iu. , Fomin Victor V.
Published: October 2021

Cardiovascular and respiratory diseases have been one of the leading causes of mortality in the world for over 15 years. According to the results of various studies, a clear connection was revealed between the incidence of influenza and the decompensation of cardiovascular diseases, which leads to the development of acute coronary syndrome, acute heart failure and myocardial infarction. Also, the incidence of influenza is associated with an increase in the length of hospitalization, treatment costs and patient mortality. Influenza vaccination, especially in patients with high cardiovascular risk, is one of the most important secondary prevention measures. The article is dedicated to an overview of the problems of vaccination against influenza, the study of the prognosis of patients with high cardiovascular risk, as well as general points in the pathogenesis of influenza and cardiovascular diseases.
Metabolic, inflammatory and imaging biomarkers in evaluation of coronary atherosclerosis severity in patients with coronary artery disease and diabetes mellitus type 2
Authors: Koshelskaya Olga A. , Kharitonova Olga A. , Kologrivova Irina V. , Suslova Tatiana E. , Margolis Natalia Yu. , Tereshenkova Ekaterina K. , Rybina Anastasiia N. , Karpov Rostislav S.
Published: October 2021

Aim. To study interconnections between epicardial adipose tissue thickness (EATt), parameters of glucose metabolism/insulin, C-reactive protein (hsCRP), serum adipokines and severity of coronary artery disease (CAD) depending on the presence of diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM 2); to determine significant markers of CAD severity in patients with DM 2.
Materials and methods. The study involved 106 patients with CAD (m/f 64/42, 60.96.8 years), including patients with DM 2 (group 1, n=35) and non-diabetic patients (group 2, n=71). Severity of CAD was evaluated according to angiography data with calculation of Gensini Score (GS). EATt was assessed via echocardiography. Serum levels of glucose/insulin metabolism parameters, lipid fractions, hsCRP and adipokines were evaluated. Clinical parameters, including GS, did not differ between groups.
Results. EAT thickness median was elevated in gr.1 (5.1 mm vs. 4.4 mm in group 2), while adiponectin levels were decreased (6.55 g/ml vs. 7.71 g/ml). Linear regression of body mass index and resistin levels on EATt was revealed in gr.1; in gr.2 EATt linearly increased with waist circumference increment when EATt6 mm. Linear regression of EATt on GS was revealed in gr.1 when EATt8 mm, while linear regression in the whole GS range was obtained for HDL-C and hsCRP levels.
Conclusion. Study results demonstrate differences in mechanisms of deposition and functioning of epicardial and abdominal adipose tissue depending on the presence or absence of diabetic status. Patients with DM2 are characterized by the excessive EAT deposition and decrease of serum adiponectin levels compared to non-diabetic patients in the equal conditions. Independent markers of CAD severity in DM 2 are decreased HDL-C and increased hsCRP levels, but not EATt.
Prognostic impact of uric acid in patients with acute decompensated heart failure
Authors: Nasonova Svetlana N. , Lapteva Anastasiya E. , Zhirov Igor V. , Mindzaev Dzambolat R. , Tereshchenko Sergey N.
Published: October 2021

Aim. To evaluate the prognostic impact of serum uric acid (SUA) on clinical outcomes in patients with acute decompensated heart failure, as well as identify the correlation between hyperuricemia and renal function and diuretic resistance in these patients.
Materials and methods. The study included 175 patients (125 men and 50 women) with NYHA class IIIV acute decompensated heart failure. Median age was 64 (5675) years. The Information regarding the survival was obtained 3 years after the admission by telephone calls.
Results. 57 patients reached the end point (death from all causes); therefore, all patients were divided into groups: "alive", "dead". The SUA levels did not differ in the groups. The only significant difference in the studied parameters was the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), which was significantly higher in the "alive" group [70.5 (52.894) and 56 (4079), respectively; p=0.006]. A moderate negative correlation was found between SUA levels and eGFR in the correlation analysis (r=-0.313, p0.001). A comparative analysis showed, that SUA level on admission was significantly higher in patients who subsequently received increased doses of diuretics than in patients with a satisfactory response to standard doses of diuretics [567.8 (479.6791.9) and 512 (422.4619.4), respectively; p=0.011]. Also, higher eGFR level on admission was observed in patients from the normal SUA level group than in patients from the hyperuricemia group [94 (74.5101.5) and 63 (48.881.3), respectively; p=0.002].
Conclusion. We found no significant differences in the uric acid level in patients who reached the end point and those who did not reach it during the three-year follow-up. However, the found correlation between uric acid levels and diuretic resistance calls for further research.
Assessing Institutional Preparedness of Pakistani Medical Schools towards Curriculum Change Using MORC
Authors: Sadiq Ayesha , Khan Rehan Ahmad , Mahmood Babak , Ashraf Muhammad Furqan
Published: October 2021

Purpose: Changing community needs and disease patterns are the major stimulator for change in medical curriculum throughout the world. The process of change depends on many factors that come under the umbrella of organizational readiness for its successful implementation. Inappropriate planning and low levels of organizational readiness for change will result in failure of change process.

Methodology: A quantitative study design was chosen for this study. Medical school’s organizational readiness questionnaire (MORC) was used to collect data. The questionnaire consists of 53 items further categorized into three scales and twelve subscales. The questionnaire was distributed among faculty members of four medical colleges of Punjab, collected data was coded and descriptive and inferential statistics were applied for analysis using SPSS. Analysis revealed that all four medical colleges were having good organizational readiness to adopt change.

Findings: The results of descriptive analysis showed, that majority of the respondents (47%) were agreed that their medical school, is in preparatory phase, 29%respondents showed that their institute is in more than two years of implementation phase of curriculum change, 23.8% agreed that in their medical school is in first two years of implementation phase.

Implication: MORC is a reliable instrument for assessing institutional preparedness for curriculum change.
PROFIL KUALITAS SUSU SEGAR DI KECAMATAN DAU KABUPATEN MALANG
Authors: Satria Awang Teja , Erina Almaedawati , Winarso Aji
Published: October 2021

Perlunya manajemen pengawasan dan kontrol kualitas terhadap peredaran susu segar di masyarakat, adalah merupakan upaya mencegah adanya pemalsuan susu dengan bahan lain dan cemaran yang dapat mengkontaminasi susu sehingga menjadi tidak layak untuk dikonsumsi. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan September sampai Oktober 2019, bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran kualitas susu segar ditingkat Koperasi Unit Desa (KUD), Tempat Penampungan Susu (TPS) dan Peternak di Kecamatan Dau Kabupaten Malang. Sampel susu segar diperoleh secara langsung dari lokasi Peternakan, TPS dan KUD sebanyak 30 sampel. Data yang diperoleh dianalisa secara deskriptif analitik.  Hasil analisa kualitas susu segar dengan menggunakan uji organoleptik adalah meliputi warna, rasa dan aroma tidak  menunjukkan adanya perubahan atau normal. Sementara hasil analisa uji alkohol, derajat keasaman, sedimentasi, lemak, redukatse (MBRT) masih dalam kisaran normal sesuai Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI). Pada Uji total bakteri (TPC) untuk masing-masing sampel susu segar dari KUD, TPS dan Peternak rata-rata jumlah bakteri adalah 5,2 ± 2,5 x 10⁴cfu/ml  yang masih dibawah standar SNI yaitu kurang dari 1,0 x 10⁶ cfu/ml. Sehingga  dapat disimpulkan bahwa susu segar yang beredar di Kecamatan Dau Kabupaten Malang dalam keadaan aman, baik dan layak untuk dikonsumsi. Higiene peternak/pemerah beserta ternaknya, sanitasi kandang dan peralatan pemerahan susu serta penyimpanan hasil susu yang baik merupakan faktor penting terpeliharanya kualitas susu segar yang dapat menjamin keamanan masyarakat dalam mengkonsumsi susu segar tersebut.
River Flood Modelling For Flooding Risk Mitigation in Iraq
Authors: Shareef Mohammad Esam , Abdulrazzaq Dheyaa Ghanim
Published: October 2021

River flood events have recently been increased due to many reasons such as climate change and excessive land usage. Thus, one of the greatest challenges is to control the flooding in urban areas. River flooding has become a phenomenon worldwide in general and in Iraq specifically. This is associated with the rapid increase of urbanization as well as mismanagement of land utilization; especially those located near the river banks, in addition to lack of consideration in terms of the design and implementation of drainage networks. In Iraq and especially in Al-Anbar governorate, studies in the field of flood simulation control have been rare. This study aims to suggest a fast and accurate methodology for local authorities, by providing a proposed solution and prediction of flooding area in the case study of the Fallujah barrage. Global Mapper software has been used to produce simulation photos on flooding area. Earth Explorer USGS website has been used to download water body data; and Global Digital Surface website has been used to extract and download the surface elevation data. The result of the simulation photos has predicted valuable information about the flooding area and proposed a general vision on the areas that are under threat of flooding. Four main areas were exposed to flooding, area 1, area 2, area 3, and area 4; A total flooding area of 11.89 km2. The total maximum operational level for the barrage was designed to be 44.79 m above sea level. Also, the recommended maximum operation level for the barrage was 43 m ASL. Doi: 10.28991/cej-2021-03091754 Full Text: PDF
The Effect of Animal Bone Ash on the Mechanical Properties of Asphalt Concrete
Authors: Kadhim Yasir N. , Mohammad Hussain Wail Asim , Abdulrasool Abdulrasool Thamer
Published: October 2021

For the sake of enhancing the mechanical properties and durability of asphalt concrete, many studies suggest adding different admixtures, such as waste materials in the form of filler. These admixtures have a significant influence on the performance of asphalt concrete by plying a roll in filling the voids between particles and sometimes as a cementitious material. This study aims to improve the strength of asphalt concrete by adding crushed animal bone to the mix after carbonization at a temperature of 800 Co. Seven different percentages (10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, and 100%) of animal bone ash as a replacement for the filler percentage were added to the optimum asphalt concrete mix. A number of tests were conducted on asphalt concrete specimens to measure Marshall stability (MS), Marshall flow value (MF), voids filled with asphalt percentages (VFA), air void percentages (VA), voids in mineral aggregate percentages (VMA), and maximum theoretical specific gravity (GMM). From the results, the maximum stability of 14.85 KN was reached when using animal bone ash of 20% as a partial replacement for the conventionally used filler (limestone). In general, there are some improvements in the physical properties of asphalt concrete with animal bone ash, which can be related to the increase in the bond between the particles of aggregates and the bitumen material. Doi: 10.28991/cej-2021-03091757 Full Text: PDF
Mechanical Behavior of the Extraction Mud Dam for Use in the Manufacture of CEB
Authors: Cherif Benaicha Amar , Ali Fourar , Tarek Mansouri , Massouh Fawaz
Published: October 2021

The aim of this work is to study the mechanical behavior of the sediments extracted from the Koudiet Meddaouar, Timgad dam (Algeria), for a possible valorization in the field for building works in order to minimize this phenomenon which is currently a concern for the operators and the persons in charge of the mobilization of the water resources. This siltation therefore severely limits its storage capacity and consequently it’s operating life. The extraction of the sediments accumulated in the dam's reservoir is therefore imperative, on the pain of seeing it perish in the medium term. These sediments are, however, of great geotechnical and mechanical value. The results of the tests conducted in the laboratory have enabled us to identify the different sediments from a physical and geotechnical point of view In front of the difficulties noted in the control of the silting up of the dams in Algeria, a very important quantity of silt being deposited annually in the dams. In order to achieve our objective, different mixtures of silt with or without lime treatment, cement glass fibers and powdered fibers were studied for the possible manufacture of Compressed Earth Bricks (CEB). The results obtained show that some of the mixtures present very interesting results in the different tests (compression and bending), verifying the conditions of the standards in force and thus allowing their use in the field of the manufacture of building materials. Doi: 10.28991/cej-2021-03091759 Full Text: PDF
GA-Optimized Multivariate CNN-LSTM Model for Predicting Multi-channel Mobility in the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Widiputra Harya
Published: October 2021

The primary factor that contributes to the transmission of COVID-19 infection is human mobility. Positive instances added on a daily basis have a substantial positive association with the pace of human mobility, and the reverse is true. Thus, having the ability to predict human mobility trend during a pandemic is critical for policymakers to help in decreasing the rate of transmission in the future. In this regard, one approach that is commonly used for time-series data prediction is to build an ensemble with the aim of getting the best performance. However, building an ensemble often causes the performance of the model to decrease, due to the increasing number of parameters that are not being optimized properly. Consequently, the purpose of this study is to develop and evaluate a deep learning ensemble model, which is optimized using a genetic algorithm (GA) that incorporates a convolutional neural network (CNN) and a long short-term memory (LSTM). A CNN is used to conduct feature extraction from mobility time-series data, while an LSTM is used to do mobility prediction. The parameters of both layers are adjusted using GA. As a result of the experiments conducted with data from the Google Community Mobility Reports in Indonesia that ranges from the beginning of February 2020 to the end of December 2020, the GA-Optimized Multivariate CNN-LSTM ensemble outperforms stand-alone CNN and LSTM models, as well as the non-optimized CNN-LSTM model, in terms of predicting human movement in the future. This may be useful in assisting policymakers in anticipating future human mobility trends. Doi: 10.28991/esj-2021-01300 Full Text: PDF
Utilization of Alkin-WP-Based Digital Library Evaluation Software as Evaluation Tool of Digital Library Effectiveness
Authors: Divayana Dewa Gede Hendra , Ariawan I Putu Wisna , Ardana I Made , Suyasa P. Wayan Arta
Published: October 2021

One source of learning in universities is a digital library. In the era of industry 4.0, most universities have implemented digital libraries in supporting the learning process. However, the reality shows that digital library management is still ineffective. Therefore, the implementation of digital libraries needs to be evaluated for determining the digital library effectiveness used as learning resources in supporting the learning process in universities. Many evaluation tools are used to evaluate the effectiveness of digital libraries but have not provided accurate recommendation results to support decision-making. This research presents an innovation in the form of an evaluation tool that can be used to evaluate the digital library effectiveness in universities. That evaluation tool is called the Alkin-WP-based digital library evaluation software. This software is a desktop platform that contains aspects of measuring the digital library effectiveness by referring to the components of the Alkin evaluation model and the WP (Weighted Product) method. This research aimed to show the effectiveness level of the utilization of Alkin-WP-based digital library evaluation software. This research method was R & D (Research & Development) which refers to the ten development stages of the Borg and Gall model. In this research, development was focused only on a few stages, included: usage trials, final product revision, dissemination, and implementation. The subjects involved in assessing the implementation/utilization of the Alkin-WP-based digital library evaluation software were 35 people, in the usage trials were six people, in product revision were three people, and at the stage of dissemination were 15 people. The tools used to collect data were questionnaires and interview guidelines. The data analysis technique used was descriptive quantitative. The effectiveness level of utilizing the Alkin-WP-based digital library evaluation software was 88.34%. It showed that the evaluation software had effective. The impact of this research results on the scientific field of educational evaluation is being able to show the existence of a new evaluation tool based on educational evaluation and artificial intelligence. That evaluation tool can easier for library heads to make policies for revamping digital library services based on accurate recommendations. Doi: 10.28991/esj-2021-01308 Full Text: PDF
BİNGÖL’ÜN TARİHİ ÇEVRE VE ŞEHİRCİLİK BAKIMINDAN GELİŞİMİ
Authors: BAŞ Yaşar , AVCI Vedat
Published: October 2021

Bingöl merkezinin tarihi çevre ve şehircilik bakımından gelişimi odaklı çalışmalar, bu güne kadar dolaylı ve az sayıdaki akademik çalışmalar ile sınırlı kalmıştır. Ancak geçmişten günümüze kadar doğudan batıya ve kuzeyden güneye birçok ulaşım yolarının merkezinde yer alan bu coğrafyanın merkezini teşkil eden Bingöl şehrinin ve yakın fizikî çevresinin değişim ve gelişim seyri ile bu değişime etki eden unsurlar merak konusu olmuştur. Bu incelemede, Bingöl şehri veya bölgeye merkezlik eden yerleşim birimlerinin değişim tarihleri, sebepleri, yerleşim alanları ve konuşlanmış oldukları alanların şehirleşme ve yerleşim bakımından durumları gözlemlenmiştir. Bu açıdan bakılınca, şehrin veya bölgenin tarih öncesi dönemlerden bugüne taşıdığı adları, coğrafî konumu, jeomorfolojik yapısı, demografik, idarî, askerî, siyasî, sosyal, coğrafî, kültürel vb. şartlarının devirler boyunca şehir ve çevresinin değişimi ve gelişimine etkileri önem kazanmıştır. Bu çerçevede yapılan inceleme, ilk çağlardan ortaçağlara kadar Bingöl ovası ve çevresinde günün şartlarına uygun önemli ve stratejik yerleşim ve yapılaşma şekillerine yer verildiğini göstermiştir. Ancak takip eden dönemlerde Bingöl ve merkezî bölgesinin çevre ve gelişim bakımından muhtelif nedenlerle ıssızlaşmaya başladığını ortaya koymuştur. Bölgenin idarî merkezini oluşturan yerleşim birimi, bu ıssızlaşmaya binaen köy niteliğine sahip bir özellik kazanmıştır. Yerleşim birimi ve yakın alanı, geniş bir şehircilik imkânı ve anlayışına sahip olamamıştır. Bu şartları ile yaygın ve kendine özgü geniş bir fizikî ve kültürel etki oluşturamamıştır. Bu durum büyük ölçüde Osmanlı Devri’nin ve Cumhuriyet Dönemi’nin ilk yarısına kadar devam etmiştir. Ancak yakın zamanlarda şehirle ilgili bir çevre ve şehircilik anlayışından bahsedilebilir olmuştur.

Cumhuriyet Dönemi’nde şehrin kuruluş yeri, gelişim dönemleri ile nakledilen yeni yeri jeomorfoloji ve afetlere maruz kalma açısından araştırılmıştır. Şehrin bugün bulunduğu alanın jeomorfolojik özellikleri ile gelişme doğrultusunun jeomorfoloji ile uyumlu olup olmadığı ortaya konulmuştur. Burada, şehir yerleşimini etkileyen doğal afetler, resmi özel yapılaşma, vb. durumlar da gözden geçirilmiştir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda çalışma alanına ait topoğrafya haritalarından Sayısal Yükseklik Modeli (SYM) oluşturulmuş (10*10 m), SYM’den yükselti basamakları ve eğim haritaları elde edilmiştir. SYM’den eğim ve yükselti özellikleri elde edilerek şehir, kuruluş yerinin elverişliliği bağlamında değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmada Bingöl şehir yerleşmesinin geçmişten günümüze maruz kaldığı ve kalabileceği doğal afetler ortaya konmuş ve çözüm önerileri sunulmuştur. Bingöl şehir yerleşmesinin gelişme dönemleri ve doğrultusu için farklı dönemlere ait Landsat TM 5 ve Landsat 8 OLI-TIRS uydu görüntüleri kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada 1985, 1990, 2000 ve 2010 yıllarına ait Landsat TM 5, 2019 yılı Landsat 8 uydu görüntüleri kullanılmıştır. Uydu görüntülerinin farklı bantları ARCGIS 10.1 programı ile birleştirilmiş (Composite Bands), şehrin gelişme dönemi ve doğrultusu belirlenmiştir.
Apropriação tecnológica de professores de Português Língua Estrangeira em tempos pandêmicos: uma reflexão sobre formação
Authors: Moisés Christiane , Borges Flávia Girardo Botelho
Published: October 2021

O isolamento social decretado durante o período pandêmico do Sars-Cov19 trouxe à tona questões indeléveis ao campo da Educação. O presente artigo visa tecer reflexões sobre a formação de professores de Português Língua Estrangeira e sua iminente relação com as Tecnologias Digitais de Informação, Comunicação e Expressão (TICE).  Tratamos da questão da apropriação à luz do lócus de enunciação e de preceitos da cibercultura, uma vez que essas bases teóricas fornecem insumos densos referente aos processos de ensino-aprendizagem inovadores. Durante um ano, observamos a práxis e processos de desenho pedagógicos que culminaram na produção desse artigo, o qual tece reflexões e provocações sobre questões inerentes à formação, desenvolvimento e capacitação de professores quanto a apropriação, uso e aplicação das TICE em suas práticas cotidianas.
Correlation of the english language proficiency of brazilian chemistry researchers with their scientific publications
Authors: Ricetto Gleice Cristina , Ferreira Valéria Vitor Resende , Gaydeczka Beatriz , Motheo Artur de Jesus , Granato Ana Claudia , Malpass Geoffroy Roger Pointer
Published: October 2021

English is the most used language for publishing scientific studies, which can be an obstacle for non-fluent researchers. This paper analyzed the self-assesments (speaking, reading, listening and writing in English) in curricula of researchers working in Postgraduate Programs in Chemistry stricto sensu in Brazil. Information on the researchers' scientific production was obtained from the Lattes Platform. A total of 24 programs were evaluated with grade 4 from Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES), 10 with grade 7 and 337 researchers. Most consider themselves to have a good command of English, with the best assessment for reading. Researchers were characterized as fluent/non-fluent based on their evaluations for reading and writing. Articles in English were published, mostly, by those who read/write fluently. These researchers have the highest averages in relation to citations and h-index.
Bio-inspired central pattern generator for development of Cartesian motor skills for a Quadruped Robot
Authors: Farhad Asadi  , Mahdi Khorram  , S Ali A Moosavian
Published: October 2021

Central Pattern Generator (CPG) plays a significant role in the generation of diverse and stable gaits patterns for animals as well as controlling their locomotion. The main contributions of this paper are the ability to develop the Cartesian motor skills and coordinating legs of the quadruped robot for gait adaption and its nominal characteristics with CPG approach. Primary, a predefined relationship between an excitation signal and essential parameters of the CPG design is programmed. Next, the coordinated oscillator's rhythmic patterns by CPG and accordingly output gait diagrams for each foot of the robot are attained. Then, these desirable features such as predictive modulation and programming the gait event sequences including leg-lifting sequences and step length, duration of the time of each footstep within a gait, coordination of swing and stance phases of all legs are calculated in terms of different spatio_temporal vectors. Furthermore, a novel Cartesian footstep basis function is designed based on the robot characteristics and consequently, the associated spatio-temporal vectors can be inserted to it, which caused to spanning the space of possible gait timing in Cartesian space. Next, Cartesian footstep planner can be computed the swing foot trajectories in workspace along movement axes and then according to these footholds and feet placement, ZMP (Zero Moment Point) reference trajectory will be calculated and obtained. Therefore, COG (Center of Gravity) trajectory can be computed by designing a preview controller on the basis of the desired ZMP trajectory. Finally, to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm, it is implemented on a quadruped robot on both simulation or experimental implementations and the results are compared and discussed with other references.
Desigualdades no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul: análise de indicadores sociais e educacionais
Authors: Guindani Evandro Ricardo , Koga Yáscara Michele Neves , Nascimento Sandro Ben Hur Gonçalves do
Published: October 2021

O presente artigo busca contribuir com investigações acerca da realidade socioeconômica e a sua influência no contexto educacional. A problemática deste estudo se fundamenta numa análise entre os indicadores educacionais e indicadores socioeconômicos e evidencia que há uma relação diretamente proporcional entre uma dimensão e outra. A referida análise dos dados busca comparar os municípios situados na fronteira e aqueles situados na região central e serrana do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. A metodologia utilizada foi de coleta e análise de dados a partir de fontes oficiais tais como o Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística – IBGE (2013) e o Instituto Nacional de pesquisas em Educação Anísio Teixeira – INEP (MEC, 2013). A análise foi realizada a partir dos conceitos de capital cultural, configurações familiares, educação e desenvolvimento econômico. Os resultados demonstram que há uma intrínseca relação entre indicadores sociais e educacionais bem como uma clara disparidade entre a fronteira e região central do Estado. O desafio que se coloca é a urgente necessidade de políticas públicas que venham promover uma igualitária distribuição de renda, bem como um justo e equitativo desenvolvimento socioeconômico entre as regiões do Estado.
THE DEVELOPMENT DISPARITY MODEL: A DYNAMIC APPROACH TO INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Authors: TOSUN Tayfun Tuncay
Published: October 2021

The development disparity model focuses on the difference in the trade yields of countries by considering the nature of the trade balance in the advanced sectors. This paper employs the non-linear Artificial Neural Network technique for ten developing countries in the analysis section. According to the analysis outcomes, while China and Thailand's aggregate international trade yields have an ascending tendency, Indonesia, Paraguay, Colombia, Turkey, Argentina, and Mexico's aggregate trade yields exhibit a drastic descending trend. On the other hand, the tendency of aggregate trade yields in India and Brazil is generally negative, yet this tendency is decreasing inconsistently.
Effects of vacuum frying on the quality of king orange peel in manufacture of chocolate candy fillings
Authors: Hien Dinh Thi , Nguyet Hoang Thi Minh
Published: October 2021

Deep-fried orange peel applied vacuum-frying technique to extend its shelf life and to create crispy product that contains natural nutrients, especially looking for marketplace of the product and increasing the value of orange by-products. The effects of vacuum frying conditions on the quality of fried orange peel was evaluated to produce nutritional chocolate candy fillings that has good sensory values. Orange peel slices were fried under vacuum (20 in of Hg) using sunflower frying oil at various temperatures (80°C, 85°C, 90°C, 95°C and 100°C) for different amounts of time (5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 min). After frying, the fried orange peel slices were centrifuged at 140 - 1000 × g for 4 min to remove the frying oil. Results of this study suggest that vacuum frying at 100°C for 30 min showed maximum shrinkage (48%) and 95% of carotenoids were lost. The hardness of fried orange peel increased during the frying process. Sensory evaluation showed maximum acceptability for fried orange peels at 90°C for 25 min. The TBARS indicated a high deterioration in the atmospheric frying oil quality. In contrast, the vacuum frying condition helped preserve the frying oil quality, while the light color of the product was maintained. The results supported the use of the vacuum frying process as a method for frying high quality king orange peel and conserving the quality of oil in the king orange peel.
Extrusion of wheat semolina and cocoa shells
Authors: Toshkov Nesho Georgiev , Nenov Ventsislav Nenov , Bozadjiev Bojidar , Delchev Naiden , Valov Erik
Published: October 2021

Extrusion of wheat semolina and milled cocoa shells using a single screw extruder Brabender 20DN was carried out. Full factorial experiment 23 was used to investigate the effect of the quantity of cocoa shells, moisture of the material and temperature of the matrix on the density and expansion index of extrudates. Feed screw speed and screw speed were fixed at 30 and 200 rpm, respectively. Compression ratio of the screw was 4:1. Expansion index values range between 2.0 and 3.36 and a density between 0.099 and 0.223 g/cm3. The increase in moisture content and quantity of cocoa shells leads to a decrease expansion index, while density of extrudates an increase.
Evaluation of sugar and free amino acid during fermentation of ogi from maize, acha and sorghum
Authors: Malomo Adekunbi Adetola , Olawoye Babatunde , Olaniran Abiola Folakemi , Olaniyi Omowumi Ibipeju , Adedayo Adedoyin , Adeniran Hezekiah Adekanmi , Abiose Sumbo Henrietta
Published: October 2021

This research investigated effect of fermentation time and cereal type on the total reducing sugar (TRS), total sugar (TSS), and total free amino acid (TFA) during the production of ogi. The result showed that TFA generally increased with increase in fermentation time (7.916 – 17.596 mg/g). Maize, acha and sorghum ogi had the lowest total reducing sugar (TRS) at 0 h (16.927glucose mg/g), 12 h (16.655 glucose mg/g) and 48 h (18.212 glucose mg/g) respectively and TSS was lowest in acha ogi from 12 h to 48 h (33.191 - 34.370 glucose mg/g). Principal component analysis and Agglomerative hierarchical clustering were used to evaluate the variability in sugar and amino acid contents and ranked the contributions of the variables. The factors were divided into four principal components with cumulative variance contribution rate of 87.47%. The result showed that acha and sorghum ogi had lower sugar content than maize ogi during fermentation. This research suggested that maize, acha and sorghum can be used in the production of cereal based ogi for weaning food at 48 h due to high free amino acid content, and also advanced the use of acha in production of ogi for diabetic patients due to its low total sugar content.
Reduction of food histamine in white wine by Bromelain, Quercetin and Ascorbic acid
Authors: Kalhaa Ravinder Kaur , Damgude Gauri , Dabade Ashish
Published: October 2021

The scope of this work was to reduce the level of the biogenic amine ‘histamine’ in White wine. Different concentrations of 100 ml wine samples were prepared by incorporating various concentrations Bromelain; Quercetin and Ascorbic acid. A spectrophotometric based histamine analysis method was carried out to determine histamine concentrations. The histamine concertation reduced in 200mg/L Bromelain, 50mg/L Quercetin and 400mg/L Ascorbic acid treated samples by 62.34%, 61.64% and 46.41% respectively. The percentage DPPH scavenging activity was found to be 83.93%, 93.54%, 133.08% respectively against normal wine 86.93%. No significant changes observed in physicochemical properties of wine like functional groups; particle size analysis; effect on amino acids; turbidity; colour analysis; pH and sensory analysis in bromelain treated wine samples as compared to other samples. Reduction of histamine can be carried out by Bromelain (200mg/L) effectively than Quercetin and Ascorbic acid; based on the reducing capacity and the sensory parameters.
Validity and Reliability of the Turkish Version of Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale-Revised
Authors: Gündüz Anıl , Gündoğmuş İbrahim , Sertçelik Sencan , Engin Betül Hacer , İşler Aysel , Yaşar Alişan Burak , Gönül Hatice , Çipil Arif , Gündüz Elvan Başak Usta
Published: October 2021

Objective This study aims to assess the psychometric values of the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale-Revised (GADS-R) which measures the intensity and duration of worry, various coping and avoidance strategies to cope with worrying, and positive and negative metacognitive beliefs about worrying.Methods 114 patients with generalized anxiety disorder and 198 healthy controls were included in the study. These patients were diagnosed according to DSM-IV TR, and the primary diagnosis of the patients was generalized anxiety disorder which was confirmed via SCID I and II, subsequently. Sociodemographic form, GADS-R total and subscale scores, and Meta-Cognitions Questionnaire-30 (MCQ-30), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 Scale (GAD-7), and Penn State Worry Questionnaire (PSWQ) were used to assess validity, reliability and cut-off point.Results GADS-R total and subscale scores and MCQ-30, BDI, BAI, GAD-7, and PSWQ were found to be statistically higher in the patients with GAD compared to a healthy control group. GADS-R has five factors and showed relatively acceptable sensitivity and specificity for detecting anxiety disorders at a cut-off point of 1188.Conclusion The GADS-R is a valid and reliable scale that can be used in the Turkish population as an assessment tool.
A Comparative Study of Social Impacts of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Republic of Korea, Japan, and Taiwan
Authors: Lo Angela , Jun Bang-Ook , Shieh Vincent , Starlin Clay M. , Sugahara Satoshi , Li Dian-Jeng
Published: October 2021

Objective The frequency of various disasters has become a 21st century global crisis. The biological-disaster of the coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) gave rise to a multi-dimensional global impact. The 25 items of Societal Influences Survey Questionnaire (SISQ) was developed to assess various categories of social influence during the pandemic. This study compares the SISQ scores of Taiwan, Republic of Korea (Korea) and Japan.Methods Persons living in Korea, Japan, and Taiwan were recruited and evaluated through an SISQ online survey. The SISQ is composed of 25 items each with a 4-point Likert scale. The SISQ assesses the following six factors: self-restraint, social impact, government policy, social cost, concern of infection, and awareness of information. A principal factor analysis and reliability (Cronbach’s alpha) were performed to validate the SISQ. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) and post-hoc analysis was conducted to explore the differences between groups.Results The SISQ had acceptable reliabilities, and accounted for 58.86% of the variance. The significance for ANOVA with post-hoc analysis showed that scores of self-restraints ranked highest in Japan followed by Taiwan and Korea. Taiwanese scored lower than other nations regarding the concern of infection. Koreans scored higher in awareness of information than the other two nations. The effect of age and marital status were also estimated.Conclusion The SISQ comprehensively evaluate multiple domains of social influence, and it manifests the divergence of social impacts across the three nations.
Greenbug resistance in barley landraces from Uzbekistan
Authors: Radchenko E. E. , Dyatlova K. D. , Akimova D. E. , Zveinek I. A.
Published: October 2021

Background. The greenbug (Sсhizaphis graminum Rondani) can significantly reduce the yield of barley and other cereals in the southern regions of Russia. Cultivation of resistant varieties can significantly limit the pathogen’s harmfulness. At the same time, specific interaction with the genotypes of the host plant, characteristic of S. graminum, requires a continuous search for new resistance donors to broaden the genetic diversity of barley cultivars. 

Materials and methods. The resistance of 178 accessions of barley landraces from Uzbekistan to the Krasnodar greenbug population was tested in laboratory experiments. Juvenile plants were infested with aphids of different ages, and when the susceptible control died (cv. ‘Belogorsky’), resistance was assessed on a 0 to 10 (plant death) rating scale. Plants with a damage rate of 1–4 points (up to 30% of the leaf surface being damaged) belonged to the resistant class; damage rate of 5–8 points indicated moderate resistance of plants, and that of 9–10 meant susceptibility. In addition, we assessed the aphid damage of the winter barley cultivar ‘Post’, protected by the previously identified resistance gene Rsg1.

Results and conclusions. We identified 52 barley accessions as heterogeneous for the studied trait. In six accessions, plants with high (points 3 to 4) and moderate (5 to 8) resistance were identified; 6 accessions were differentiated into 3 phenotypic classes: resistant, moderately resistant, and susceptible; and in 40 accessions the manifestation of the resistance component varied within 5 to 7 points (from 31 to 60% of the leaf surface being damaged). The distinctly expressed resistance of 12 accessions is controlled by alleles of resistance genes that differ from Rsg1. After selection for resistance, the identified accessions can be used in breeding.
Analysis of the genotype × environment interactions and assessment of the adaptability potential in barley under the conditions of the Northern Trans-Urals
Authors: Tetyannikov N. V. , Bome N. A.
Published: October 2021

Background.Crop yield is a compound and complex character in breeding programs. A stable high yield is determined by the genotype, environmental impacts, and their interaction. A comprehensive assessment of cultivars based on their adaptability, plasticity and stability makes it possible to select among the studied assortment the most promising, potentially high-yielding and environmentally flexible plant forms adaptable to a wide range of environmental conditions.

Materials and methods. Evaluation of 146 accessions representing two-row (subsp.distichonL.) and six-row (subsp.vulgare) barleys (Hordeum vulgareL.) was performed in 2015–2017 to measure the adaptability, stability, plasticity and homeostasis of barley yield. Experimental data were statistically processed using the methods of the two-way ANOVA and correlation analysis.

Results and conclusion. It was established that barley yield formation was almost equally determined by the genotype (34.3%), environmental conditions (31.9%), and genotype × environment interactions (33,7%), showing that the tested barleys were relatively well adaptable to climate changes in the Northern Trans-Urals. Barley yield was more closely associated with grain weight per plant (r = 0.72) and the number of productive stems per area unit (r = 0.63), and to a lesser extent with seed germination rate in the field (r = 0.39) and 1000 grain weight (r = 0.37). Strong correlations were observed for the yield with the adaptability coefficient (r = 0.94), environmental plasticity index (r = 1.00), and compensatory capacity (r = 0.96). Cvs. ‘Abyssinian 14’ (k-23504, var.pallidum) and ‘Kharkovsky 70’ (k-23683, var.nutans) exhibited a set of adaptive and productive properties.
CRITERIA AND MODEL OF CHOICE OF INDUSTRIAL ROBOT
Authors: Petrenko Yuri , Posukan Ruslan
Published: October 2021

Problem. The relevance of the work is to increase the efficiency of robotics in Ukraine based on the development of computer technology for the selection of industrial robots for the enterprise, which will improve the quality of robot selection and increase productivity in all industries. Goal. Substantiate the criteria and develop the mathematical model for the selection of an industrial robot. The proposed mathematical model will allow the development of computer technology for the selection of industrial robots for the enterprise. Methodology. This work gives the analysis of the development of robotics in Ukraine, theoretical material on industrial robots, substantiated the criteria for the selection of industrial robots, the developed mathematical model for the selection of robots. Results. The developed criteria and mathematical model of an industrial robot selection allow making scientifically substantiated decisions on the acquisition of an industrial robot by an enterprise according to many criteria. This will reduce the time and cost of making a decision. Originality. Was received further development of making decision methods according to many criteria an was developed the mathematical model of the industrial robot selection. Practical value. The proposed mathematical model will allow the development of computer technology for the selection of industrial robots for the enterprise. This will reduce spent time and money to choose a robot.
THE TECHNOLOGY OF CHOOSING CNC MACHINE CONTROL METHOD UNDER UNCERTAINTY
Authors: Petrenko Yuri , Lemish Vladislav
Published: October 2021

Problem. A big market saturation makes very hard finding for optimal solution for manufacture, besides you’ve to take look not only at CNC machines and its parameters but also at CNC machine control methods. By CNC machine control methods means methods for creating controlling programs. The main methods are manual programming, programming by CNC stand, programming with CAD/CAM systems. Goal. The goal of the paper is to ease choosing the CNC machine control method by developing the technology of choosing the CNC machine control method under uncertainty. Methodology. The article has categorized the types of CNC machines and their control methods. Based on system analysis of currently existed works, was created an algorithm, fuzzy math model which consists of fuzzy input and fuzzy output, and the technology of choosing the CNC machine control method itself. Results. Generalized and partial problems of choosing the CNC machine control methods are formulated; the fuzzy math logic model is developed; an algorithm based on the developed fuzzy math logic model is created and further implemented in the technology of choosing the CNC machine control method under uncertainty. Originality. The fuzzy logic math methods have developed in a new subject. Were defined linguistic variables for the CNC parameters, generalized fuzzy input, and output for choosing the CNC control method under uncertainty.  Previously generalized fuzzy input and output has been transformed into an algorithm. Practical value. A created algorithm that was based on fuzzy math logical model was added to the technology of choosing the CNC machine control method under uncertainty.
Mathematical modeling of a self-propelled scraper at the beginning of soil set
Authors: Kovalevskyi Sergii
Published: October 2021

The process of filling of scoop of dragshovel consists of a few operations which periodically repeat oneself in the working loop. Each of these stages is accompanied the different moving of dragshovel and his separate knots, conditioned actions of external forces, at cutting and load of soil in a scoop, that needs separate consideration of the tense state of dragshovel equipment in a few calculation positions.

The analysis of the modes of ladening of metallokonstrukcii of dragshovel during implementation of basic operations of digging allows to define the rational modes of operations of machine.

For the decision of the put tasks the calculation chart of self-propelled dragshovel was developed in the process of zaglubleniya of knife in soil, on the basis of which taking into account the grounded limitations and scope terms, a twomass mathematical model, having degrees of freedom in horizontal and vertical directions, is created. With the purpose of simplification of mathematical model the angular vibrations of tractor and dragshovel were not taken into account, in connection with their small influence on the operating loadings at zaglublenii of scoop.

Realization of mathematical model allowed to get the charts of dynamic change of horizontal and vertical force, operating in the hinges of hauling frame. Swaying character of loadings rotined that maximal values were arrived at almost for the identical interval of time in the first semiperiod, and horizontal and vertical efforts increase with the increase of intensity of resistance digging.

The results of researches rotined that forces operating in the front hinge of hauling frame grow with the increase of intensity of resistance digging, arriving at the maximal values of 195 and 78 kN. Horizontal efforts to a great extent exceed vertical and increased with growth of intensity of resistance digging. The rate of increase of maximums of horizontal force can be considered even, because at megascopic intensities from 150 to 250 kN/m, most values grow approximately on 32 %, that enables to draw conclusion about expedience of work with the less rates of movement of dragshovel, taking into account loading of metallokonstrukcii.

The rate of growth of maximums of vertical force can be considered even, approximately on 7 %, with the increase of rate of climb of knife of dragshovel, that far fewer as compared to growth of efforts, operating in horizontal direction. Therefore diminishing of speed of zaglubleniya will not result in the substantial diminishing of loading on the hauling frame of dragshovel.