bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
“Woman and Her Needs”: Elizabeth Oakes Smith and the Divorce Question
Authors: Tuchinsky Adam
Published: March 2016

Throughout the 1840s and 1850s, women’s rights advocates and other reformers engaged in repeated public debate about what was broadly termed the “marriage question.” One such advocate was the poet, novelist, lecturer, and activist Elizabeth Oakes Smith. Although a radical crusader for women’s rights on most questions, Oakes Smith resolutely opposed the liberalization of divorce laws. This article aims to unpack her position, particularly within the context of the “Free Love Controversy,” the contest over marriage that erupted at the end of American socialism’s first wave. Grounding Oakes Smith’s position against the intellectual backdrop of socialist marriage reformers, this article argues that Oakes Smith, like many political economic radicals, opposed divorce because they saw it as the embodiment of market culture’s radical individualism.
Gender, Space, and Ritual: Women Barristers, the Inns of Court, and the Interwar Press
Authors: Pepitone Ren
Published: March 2016

One of the last exclusively male professions in the United Kingdom, the English bar, resisted women’s presence until 1919 parliamentary legislation prohibited gender-based disqualification. Following the efforts of Helena Normanton, the first female barrister to practice in England, to insert herself into the bar’s masculine preserve, this article reveals a more complicated interwar feminism than previous scholars have suggested. Overall, women deliberately de-emphasized their femininity to accord with the Inns of Court’s masculine culture and increase their chances of professional success. This did not prevent campaigners like Normanton, however, from pursuing an active feminist agenda. Focusing on architectural space and embodied ritual, this article explores the disadvantages created by spatial separations between male and female members of the bar. It also highlights the interwar press as a representational space for ambivalent debates over women’s place in the legal profession.
Business and Politics as Women’s Work: The Australian Colonies and the Mid-Nineteenth-Century Women’s Movement
Authors: Bishop Catherine , Woollacott Angela
Published: March 2016

Female political activism and economic engagement in the Australian colonies are usually located within the last decades of the nineteenth century, yet a reexamination of the 1850s reveals that the twin issues of women’s political rights and activities within the public sphere were raised much earlier. This article shows that as the Australian colonies achieved self-government and manhood suffrage and experienced the upheaval of successive gold rushes around the Pacific, there were heated debates about women’s roles within the public sphere. Evidence drawn from the law, trade directories, passenger lists, newspapers, and contemporary fiction reveals the extent of both women’s work and the debate. The participation of women in business and the articulation of demands for political rights were part of a transnational midcentury phenomenon but had distinctive Australian qualities, preparing the ground for later suffrage success.
Women Writing Women: Early Iranian Feminism and the Memoir of Tāj us-Saltanih
Authors: Ghazimoradi Shadi
Published: March 2016

The memoir of Tāj us-Saltanih occupies a privileged place in the growing scholarship on Iranian life narratives as both a precursor of Iranian women’s life writing and an early feminist text. This article reads Tāj’s memoir against the historical backdrop of the early twentieth-century nationalist movement in Iran. It argues that Tāj’s alleged feminism is rooted in the nationalist and modernist agendas of Constitutional Iran (1906–1911) as well as the discourses of racial inferiority emerging out of imbalances of power in the East/West relations to which she was exposed in her textual encounter with the West. By bringing the memoir into dialogue with the wider literary and social atmosphere of its time, this article sheds light on the various ideologies and discourses that shaped the Iranian women’s movement of the Constitutional era and informed the early stages of the problematic relationship between Western and Iranian feminisms.
Rejecting Reproduction: The National Organization for Non-Parents and Childfree Activism in 1970s America
Authors: Healey Jenna
Published: March 2016

In 1972, childfree activists Ellen Peck and Shirley Radl founded the National Organization for Non-Parents (NON), the first organization dedicated to defending the rights of the “childless by choice.” Emerging at the nexus of identity politics and environmental activism, NON promoted childfree living as both a socially respectable and politically responsible reproductive choice. This article traces NON’s evolution from a grassroots movement to a professionalized activist organization. Beyond arguments about the urgency of population control, NON offered a sophisticated critique of the marginalization of childless citizens in an intensely pronatalist society. Childfree activists faced fierce opposition from those who believed that reproduction and parenthood were defining features of the American family. By embracing the language of reproductive choice, NON was able to ameliorate some of the controversy that surrounded its childfree crusade and bring voluntary childlessness into the mainstream of American thought.
Confession and Absolution
Authors: Pless John T.
Published: March 2016

The absolution is to be understood eschatologically. To paraphrase Gerhard Forde’s language, it is the verdict of the Last Day slipping out ahead of time. In the absolution, the voice of the law is silenced and peace with God is given in this word of promise which actually bestows what it declares. “For it is not the voice or word of the person speaking it, but it is the Word of God, who forgives sin” (Augsburg Confession 25).
The Church
Authors: Peterson Cheryl
Published: March 2016

For Luther, the church received not only its orientation but also its life from the Word and the Spirit, creating a community of believers, a “communion of saints,” that lives according to the promise of the forgiveness of sins. This spiritual community includes participation by believers both in the blessings of Christ (forgiveness and new life, given through the Word and sacraments) and also in a holy community that embodies those blessings in communicative and reconciling relationships. This embodiment itself can be a witness to the world.
Christ, the Hated God
Authors: Paulson Steven D. , Hopman Nicholas
Published: March 2016

The majestic doctrine of Christology, the union of Christ’s two natures, (and the majestic doctrine of the Holy Trinity) depends upon the chief doctrine of justification by faith alone apart from works of the law. Without the chief doctrine the majestic doctrines will not be properly proclaimed to sinners. The chief doctrine distinguishes Christ, with the Father and the Holy Spirit, from the law. Christ is a sacrament who gives himself altogether outside of the law, in obedience to the Father, not the law, overcoming the law itself. Therefore, faith is not the work of an allegedly-free human will which assents to Christ’s story as framed by the law (Anselm). Instead Christ dies so that the law can testify against itself that Christ bears all sin, and in order to create a divine death into which sinners can be baptized. Therefore, faith is the trust ( fiducia ) created by the Holy Spirit in the preaching of Christ’s death and resurrection outside the law. Here God preached (mercy) overcomes God not-preached (wrath) for the hearer. Conversely, Christ’s removal of the law as the mediator between God and human beings, and the legal scheme’s justification by love, causes hate where there is no faith.
Nihilism in Samuel Beckett’s The Lost Ones : A Tale for Holocaust Remembrance
Authors: Kleinberg-Levin David
Published: March 2016

Is Samuel Beckett committed to nihilism? This essay explores the question in an interpretation of his late short story The Lost Ones , taking as reference point Nietzsche’s conception of nihilism as a diagnosis of our modern age. I argue that, exceptionally, in this one story, Beckett does imagine, in the Nazi genocide, a situation of the most extreme nihilism. It is his way of keeping the Holocaust in remembrance. Bearing witness to evil is, for him, the inescapable responsibility of the storyteller. However, except for this story, Beckett’s stories always bear prophetic traces and echoes of something hopeful, open to redemptive possibilities. Although Beckett is not “committed” to nihilism, in this story, as unique as the Holocaust itself, nothingness, the ultimate truth of nihilism, reigns. For here Beckett leaves us with nothing but images of a struggle with death.
On Making Sense of Oneself: Reflections on Julian Barnes’s The Sense of an Ending
Authors: Jagannathan Dhananjay
Published: March 2016

Life can be awful. For this to be the stuff of tragedy and not farce, we require a capacity to be more than we presently are. Tony Webster, the narrator of Julian Barnes’s The Sense of an Ending , poses a challenge to this commitment of ethics in his commentary on the instability of memory. But Barnes leads us past this difficulty by showing us that Tony’s real problem is his inability to make sense of himself—a failure of self-knowledge. Tony’s past is tangled up with others he can scarcely see as people. Let us hope we can do better.
Fictional Objects, Future Objectives: Why Existence Matters Less Than You Think
Authors: Dadlez E. M. , Haramia C. M.
Published: March 2016

The set of problems typically grouped under the designation “paradox of fiction” raises questions about our emotional responses to nonexistent entities and events. Colin Radford challenges the rationality of these responses. Kendall Walton proposes that our affective reactions are quasi emotions rather than emotions simpliciter. Other philosophers distance our responses to fiction from our attitudes toward the world. Many such intuitions seem to be based on a cognitivist approach to emotion that has stringent requirements for epistemic and metaphysical respectability. Contra Walton, Radford, and others, we claim that fictions can activate beliefs about the world, and can activate obligations.
The Generalization of Holocaust Denial: Meyer Levin, William James, and the Broadway Production of The Diary of Anne Frank
Authors: Duban James
Published: March 2016

What importance could the radical empiricism of William James have for the ordeal of Meyer Levin? Following the suppression of his staging of The Diary of Anne Frank , Levin decried the excision, in the authorized Broadway production, of key references to Anne’s budding Judaism and to the Jewish particularism of Holocaust atrocities. Because the Communist-influenced Broadway script emphasizes the wrongs implied by universal, rather than specific, expressions of tyranny, James’s philosophy anticipates, and perhaps even helps frame, Levin’s still-pertinent charge that generalization abets both Holocaust denial and efforts to disavow Jewish identity, particularism, and nationalism.
Aesthetics as Investigation of Self, Subject, and Ethical Agency in Postwar Trauma in Kawabata’s The Sound of the Mountain
Authors: Miller Mara
Published: March 2016

Yasunari Kawabata’s 1952 novel The Sound of the Mountain is widely praised for its aesthetic qualities, from its adaptation of aesthetics from The Tale of Genji , through the beauty of its prose and the patterning of its images, to the references to arts and nature within the text. This essay, by contrast, shows that Kawabata uses these features to demonstrate the effects of the mass trauma following World War II and the complicated grief it induced, on the psychology of moral/ethical understanding, decision making, and action.
Closed Drawers and Hidden Faces: Arendt’s Kantian Defense of Fictional Worlds
Authors: Helms Eleanor D.
Published: March 2016

Does a fictional story imply a fictional world in which that story takes place? Critiquing Monroe Beardsley and Roman ingarden, Ruth Lorand argues that conflating a story with its world collapses the distinction between the story’s foreground and background. The Kantian tradition, especially the philosophy of Hannah Arendt, instead shows that a world is what gives every representation its implicit background—its character of having additional details ready to be told. I show that a fictional story does necessarily take place in a fictional world; however, a fictional world differs from the real world in that its background remains essentially indeterminate.
Antigone after Auschwitz
Authors: Bergoffen Debra
Published: March 2016

This reading of Sophocles’s Antigone traces the roots of contemporary ethnic cleansings and genocides to the love of one’s own. Drawing on the work of Judith Butler, Adriana Cavarero, Julia Kristeva, and Jacques Lacan, it argues that it is time to read Antigone rather than Oedipus as epitomizing the tragedy of the violated incest taboo, and to see that violation in terms of ideologies that in advocating loving only one’s own, make the world uninhabitable for all others.
“Great or Small, You Furnish Your Parts toward the Soul”: Walt Whitman’s “Crossing Brooklyn Ferry”
Authors: Bevilacqua Winifred Farrant
Published: March 2016

Forging a unified whole out of the manifold aspects of experience and contemplation as an essential feature of creativity characterize Mikhail Bakhtin’s philosophical elaboration of authoring in his early work and Walt Whitman’s thematic concerns and poetic practice in “Crossing Brooklyn Ferry.” Reading Whitman through Bakhtin allows us to avoid the general tendency to gloss over one or more parts of the poem, and to bring to the foreground the poet’s careful thought process, orderly sequencing of the sections, and development of an intuitively coherent meaning.
The Style Of Materialist Skepticism: Diderot’s Jacques le Fataliste
Authors: Mannies Whitney
Published: March 2016

Does fiction have unique philosophic potential? Can it help to make a reader free or more moral? Diderot certainly thought so, and Jacques the Fatalist is his fictional attempt to create the possibility of freedom and morality even in a materially determined universe. In this avant-garde novel, Diderot forges a literary style informed by his materialist skepticism. Upending readers’ expectations by confronting them with the most ordinary material reality, he provokes skeptical questioning and, ultimately, the independent use of one’s reason. In this way, Jacques ’s unorthodox style and form are crucial for creating the potential for a free and moral existence.
Faulkner the Stoic: Honor, Evil, and the Snopeses in the Snopes Trilogy
Authors: Hillman T. Allan
Published: March 2016

Were William Faulkner’s characters determined to their actions, perhaps by cosmic forces or divine providence, causal laws or genetic traits? In brief, no. Still, I argue that Faulkner does employ hard determinism in relation to one character, and this character represents an important exception: Flem Snopes of the Snopes trilogy. Flem Snopes’s brand of evil was not moral evil (i.e., evil characteristic of genuine agents) but instead a distinct variety of metaphysical evil. In order to demonstrate this, I contrast the moral psychology of Flem with that of his murderer, Mink Snopes, by appeal to the Faulknerian virtue of honor.
Salinger’s World of Adolescent Disillusion
Authors: Jacquette Dale
Published: March 2016

This philosophical treatment of J. D. Salinger’s novel The Catcher in the Rye critically examines the stylistic and situational choices by which the author portrays a callow youth growing up absurd in post-World War II America. The portrait of youthful alienation that Salinger paints in the novel needs to be understood as an abstraction from Salinger’s very individual, fictional cameo of Holden Caulfield as filled with a self-loathing he projects onto others because of his unresolved sense of loss and survivor’s guilt over the death by leukemia of his younger brother, Allie.
Musil on Ethics and Aesthetics: Essayism As A Way of Living
Authors: Talay-Turner Zeynep
Published: March 2016

Like many of his generation, Robert Musil wrote in the shadow of Nietzsche, and in the spaces between philosophy and literature. Nietzschean ideas about ethics, aesthetics, and selfhood can be found throughout his work. One idea, the dissolution of the subject, was treated not as an invitation to nihilism but as an opening toward a new conception both of the self and of ethics. As Musil explored it, ethics and aesthetics became one. Central to this merging is the idea of essayism, as a way of writing and of living.
Kant, Schopenhauer, Saul Bellow: Evil in Mr. Sammler’s Planet
Authors: Singh Sukhbir
Published: March 2016

This essay examines Saul Bellow’s treatment of evil and his use of Kantian and Schopenhauerian ideas as an antidote to moral and ethical malaise in postwar American society. In my view, after two world wars, evil became a formidable competitor to good in the conduct of human affairs. I interpret Bellow’s moral and ethical approach to evil in Mr. Sammler’s Planet in light of Kant and Schopenhauer, who deeply influenced him in this novel. I reexamine Hannah Arendt’s concept of the “banality of evil,” keeping in view Sammler’s and Bellow’s other protagonists’ responses to the prevalent moral anarchy in society.
Who Killed Arnold Baffin?: Iris Murdoch and Philosophy by Literature
Authors: Robjant David
Published: March 2016

Iris Murdoch’s reception as a philosophical novelist rests, in part, on the attribution to the author of the opinions of Bradley Pearson in The Black Prince . That attribution goes with a curious consensus on the part of critics that, despite his conviction, the critic Bradley Pearson did not kill the author, Arnold Baffin. Confronting Martha Nussbaum, Peter Lamarque, and Peter J. Conradi, I vindicate the simple reader’s view: Bradley did kill Arnold, Bradley’s opinions are not Murdoch’s, and The Black Prince is not a work of philosophy. It might nevertheless contain a joke about Roland Barthes.
The Categorical and the Everyday: On Coetzee, Murdoch, and Cavell and the Presence of Philosophy in Novels
Authors: Forsberg Niklas
Published: March 2016

This paper explores a categorical dimension of morality that is part of our everyday lives. Through a reading of Coetzee’s Waiting for the Barbarians , I argue that the philosophical importance of literature cannot be reduced to the ways in which it illustrates philosophical views. Borrowing thrust from Iris Murdoch and Stanley Cavell, I contend that the deeper significance of literature is not dependent upon the presence of “philosophy” in novels. Literature can help us see how moral lives take shape in language, and enable us to gain an understanding of how philosophical problems often arise by means of philosophical abstractions.
Blake’s Visions
Authors: O’Sullivan Michael
Published: March 2016

William Blake denigrates visual experience, and sensory experience generally, as incapable of yielding genuine insight. Yet he cites his own “visions” as sources of spiritual insight. How does he conceive of visions such that they escape the limitations of the sensory? I argue that he has a coherent solution to this problem, combining an empiricist view of sense experience with an antiempiricist view of experience in general.
On Being Tough-Minded: Sense and Sensibility and the Moral Psychology of “Helping”
Authors: Wainwright Valerie
Published: March 2016

This essay situates Sense and Sensibility within the debate about the character concepts and psychological models that are most useful in explanations of un/helpful behavior, examining the thinking styles that inform the kind of altruism Austen’s heroine practices. What Austen admires is the (Lockean) exercise of “reasonable exertion,” which involves a rational assessment of one’s circumstances and objectives: a modus operandi that is sustained by a dispositional attitude of toughmindedness. While Elinor Dashwood is able to turn certain situations to her own psychological advantage, Austen finds that not even the most tough-minded of women can become invincibly rational in the pursuit of their own best interests.
Hermione’s Sophism: Ordinariness and Theatricality in The Winter’s Tale
Authors: Wolfe Judith
Published: March 2016

This essay queries and extends Stanley Cavell’s reading of Shakespeare’s The Winter’s Tale by a close investigation of the character and language of Hermione. Far from being merely a passive victim of Leontes’s madness (or, in Cavellian terms, “skepticism”), I argue, Hermione is an active contributor to the disintegration of their relationship by “sophistically” refusing to distinguish between language as conversation and language as mere play. The play’s conspicuously metatheatrical engagement with Hermione’s (as Leontes’s) repudiation of vulnerability shows that the threat of “theatricalization” or sophism cannot (as Cavell or Rush Rhees might wish) simply be excised but must be integrated in ordinary relationships.
Izhma Komi and Komi-Permiak: Linguistic Barriers to Geographic and Ethnic Identity
Authors: Istomin Kirill V. , Shabaev Yuri P.
Published: March 2016

Projects constructing ethnicity on the basis of territorial identity have been common in Europe but rather rare in Russia. This paper analyzes two such projects that have been undertaken in the northeast of the European part of Russia: the successful construction of the Komi-Permiak ethnic identity in the late 1920s–30s, and the unsuccessful project of constructing the Iz’vatas (Izhma-Komi) ethnic identity in the first decade of the twentieth century. A comparison of the two projects shows that the primary reason for the failure of the latter was most probably linguistic and terminological: The choice of defining ethnicity in strictly geographic terms has made the project unacceptable for those potential Iz’vatas, whose geographic identity was not properly described by that name. In the case of Komi-Permiaks, the choice of the ethnonym was more geographically neutral, and this contributed significantly to the success of this project.
Explaining Cooperation and Conflict in Marine Boundary Disputes Involving Energy Deposits
Authors: Orttung Robert W. , Wenger Andreas
Published: March 2016

In 2010 Russia and Norway signed a treaty that ended a 40-year dispute by dividing territory in the Barents Sea. Why did this case end in a cooperative agreement rather than continue an on-going dispute? This article examines a number of possible explanations at the international, bilateral, and domestic politics levels to answer this question. Ultimately, it concludes that the 2010 Norway-Russia boundary delimitation agreement succeeded because both sides had a strong economic interest in it, benefitted from the use of international law, had a history of working together at the bilateral level, and were able to manage adroitly the impact of business-state relations and identity politics on the issue.
A Tale of Two Heroes: Kyrgyzstan in Search of National Role Models
Authors: Wachtel Andrew
Published: March 2016

National identity can be based on a wide variety of shared markers that encourage members of a given community to identify with their putative conationals. National heroes comprise one such potential shared marker. This paper focuses on national hero creation in Kyrgyzstan, a small Central Asian country currently in the active phase of nation creation. Specifically, it examines the ways in which Kyrgyz nation creators are deploying the figures of Manas, a legendary hero of the eponymous oral epic, and Kurmanzhan Datka, an actual historical personage from the nineteenth century. For the contemporary Kyrgyz, Manas provides a highly masculine, aggressive portrait of a national unifier, while Kurmanzhan, no slouch herself in the unifying and heroic categories, lends a touch of pragmatism and statesmanship to the national imaginary.
Ethnic Kazakh Repatriation and Kazakh Nation-Building: The Awaited Savior or the Prodigal Son?
Authors: Zardykhan Zharmukhamed
Published: March 2016

The last couple of years have witnessed an unprecedented rise in ethnic separatism and expansionist policies throughout the former Soviet space, both in the governmental and societal spheres. This culminated in the forced annexation of Crimea and the ongoing military conflict in Eastern Ukraine, which inspired concern about similar scenarios in Kazakhstan. Hearing the same fearful rhetoric once again and looking back on more than two decades of Kazakh nation-building, this paper attempts to evaluate the concepts of “nation,” “ownership,” and “homeland” as legitimizing features for ethnic Kazakh repatriation and their contribution to the national and demographic recovery of Kazakhstan.
Halk, Watan, Berdymukhammedov! Political Transition and Regime Continuity in Turkmenistan
Authors: Sullivan Charles J.
Published: March 2016

This article seeks to tentatively account for why Turkmenistan experienced a systemic political transition in 2006–7 after the sudden death of President Saparmurat Niyazov. Accordingly, this article posits that a unique set of governing institutions seemingly facilitated an orderly transition in 2006–7. These institutions namely include the Turkmen government’s heavy reliance on the use of coercion, the President’s regular purging of ranking officials and ministers serving within the government, and Turkmenistan’s “positive neutrality” foreign policy coupled with the nature of Ashgabat’s foreign relations with the Russian Federation and the United States. As a result, the ruling regime in Turkmenistan appears to have fashioned a formula which permits it to endure. The Turkmen government will thus likely keep adhering to this framework in an effort to maintain political stability in addition to regime continuity. However, a series of challenges loom ahead which could possibly endanger the survivability of the ruling regime.
The role of hymns in religious healing services
Authors: Lowis Michael J.
Published: March 2016

This study was part of a longer-term project under the general heading of ‘Hymns for healing’. It comprised a survey among church leaders on the role of hymns in healing services, and was a follow-up to an earlier investigation, carried out with members of congregations, on the hymns that can help overcome feelings of being down and depressed. A sample of ordained ministers and other leaders of church services was asked to nominate which hymns they would select for a healing service, and give the reasons why. A high score was obtained for the importance of the role played by hymns. The results of the two studies were compared, and some interesting differences between the hymn choices of the two groups were revealed. The findings will be useful to all who plan and facilitate healing services.
Teacher Interpersonal Self-Efficacy Scale: Estudo de adaptação e validação da versão Portuguesa
Authors: Moura Octávio , Costa Clara
Published: March 2016

A Teacher Interpersonal Self-Efficacy Scale (Brouwers & Tomic, 2001) é uma escala de avaliação da perceção de autoeficácia para professores, sendo constituída por 24 itens que se organizam em torno de uma estrutura de 3 fatores: (1) Perceção de Auto-Eficácia na Gestão da Turma, (2) Perceção de Auto-Eficácia em Obter Apoio por Parte dos Colegas, e (3) Perceção de Auto-Eficácia em Obter Apoio por Parte dos Superiores. Da adaptação e validação da versão Portuguesa deste instrumento fizeram parte 658 professores do Ensino Básico, Secundário e Educação Especial. Os resultados da análise fatorial confirmatória demonstram o ajustamento da estrutura fatorial original na amostra Portuguesa. A consistência interna e a estabilidade temporal das três dimensões revelam valores adequados. As diversas características psicométricas evidenciam a adequada validade e fiabilidade desta escala.
Generalized free Gaussian white noise
Authors: Othman Hakeem
Published: March 2016

Based on an adequate new Gel'fand triple,Â  we construct the infinite dimensional free Gaussian white noise measure \(\mu\) using the Bochner-Minlos theorem. Next, we give the chaos decomposition of an \(L^{2}\) space with respect to the measure \(\mu\).
The relationship between household income and educational level. (south Darfur rural areas-Sudan) statistical study
Authors: A. A. Saad Sofian , Adam Amin , H. Abdelateef Afra
Published: March 2016

The main aim of this paper is to find out the relationship between the household level of income and the level of education for the household being lived in southern Darfur state (Sudan) since they were seriously affected by the war conflict and lost most of their income sources. One-way Analyses of Variance (ANOVA) have been used to asses this relation where the independent variable and dependent variables are categorical and continuous respectively. Data gathered from Household survey (HHS) is analyzed. The results indicate the existence of relationship between certain education groups and the level of income, mainly high level of education comparing with the low level.
Phytochemical evaluation and exploration of the hepatoprotective activity of 5 different formulations in CCL4 induced albino RATS
Authors: Patel Hardik , Patel Nilesh , Patel Janmejay , Patel Payal , Patel Apurva
Published: March 2016

Background: Hepatotoxicity and Liver disorders are chronic disorders due to different causes. It affects people in their prime of life, predominantly between the ages of 25-75 years with unpredictable courses. The different formulations are assumed to have significant activity in the treatment of the Liver disorders.Objective: The present study planned to evaluate the synergistic efficacy activity of the different formulations using CCL4 induced hepatotoxic model albino rats.Materials & Methods: The Phytochemical analysis of the T.cordifolia and five different formulations were performed. The animals were divided into eight different groups of 6 animals each as CCl4 treated, Single Plant extracts treated and another different test drug treated groups except 1st group, which was treated with only normal saline. The drugs were administered orally, twice a day and continued for 20 days. On the last day, all the group of animals were treated with the 1ml/kg CCl4 I.P. The Statistical significance was assessed using One-way ANOVA.Results: It was observed that 5 different formulations, i.e. Herbolive Syrup, Hepatonej Syrup, Hepanej Capsule, Herbolive Capsule, and Hepatonej Capsule produced significant hepatoprotective effect on 21st day. All the Formulations have significantly reduced the elevated level of Total Bilirubin, Direct Bilirubin, SGPT, SGOT, and ALP level.Conclusion: The result reveals that all the Herbomineral formulations possess the better hepatoprotective activity compare to single T.cordifolia plant extract. It is due to synergistic action of the various plants and minerals used into the formulation which brings down the elevated liver damage parameter to almost normal level.
CREENCIAS DE JÓVENES PRÓXIMOS A INGRESAR A LA UNIVERSIDAD EN TORNO A “LA MATEMÁTICA”, “QUÉ ES HACER MATEMÁTICA” Y “SU RELACIÓN CON LA MATEMÁTICA”
Authors: Cademartori Patricia Marcela , Costa Viviana Angélica
Published: March 2016

Este trabajo presenta una investigación de carácter exploratorio descriptivo, en torno a las creencias de jóvenes aspirantes a ingresar a una universidad pública de la República Argentina. El objetivo es realizar un aporte a la enseñanza de la disciplina en cursos de los primeros años de la universidad. Se indaga acerca de “qué es la matemática”, “qué es hacer matemática” y “su relación con la matemática”. Para ello realizamos entrevistas grupales a dos grupos de aspirantes a ingresar en carreras universitarias donde la matemática jugará un rol diferente. A partir del análisis de las mismas se identifica el sistema de creencias de los jóvenes entrevistados.

Abstract

This paper presents a descriptive exploratory research about the beliefs of young aspirants to enter a public university in Argentina. The aim of this work is to contribute to the teaching of mathematics in the first years of the university. We inquire about “what mathematics is”, “what the making of mathematics is” and “which relation with mathematics they have”. We carry out group interviews with two groups of candidates to enter university. The role that mathematics will play in the career of each of these groups is different. From the analysis of these interviews, the system of beliefs of the interviewed candidates is identified.
La lectura de los clásicos en la etapa preuniversitaria: una propuesta de intervención
Authors: Molina García María José
Published: March 2016

Este artículo fomenta la lectura de clásicos entre los alumnos preuniversitarios con la presentación de una propuesta de trabajo a partir de la obra dramática de Federico García Lorca, Yerma, por la relevancia y actualidad de los temas que trata.

Es una investigación cualitativa cuyos resultados desprenden que con la literatura se generan espacios para que los estudiantes imaginen, jueguen con el texto literario, desarrollen una competencia literaria, reflexionen y construyan experiencias con el grupo y analicen una realidad en donde hay muchas culturas y distintas opiniones. Como novedad, se incluye una perspectiva metodológica bimodal que enfatiza la pertinencia de este texto literario en la sociedad del siglo XXI.
Lectura y comprensión de textos escritos en castellano por estudiantes sordos de educación básica y media
Authors: Plaza Cortés Luz Mary
Published: March 2016

El objetivo de esta investigación fue diseñar y ejecutar una intervención pedagógica discursiva e interactiva para facilitar la lectura y comprensión de textos explicativos en castellano escrito a un grupo de escolares sordos. Los referentes teóricos son: la comprensión textual desde la perspectiva discursiva e interactiva (Martínez, 2001, 2004, 2015); los géneros discursivos (Bajtín, 1982); código restringido y código elaborado (Bernstein, 1983) y la visión socioantropológica en la educación de los sordos (Skliar, 1997). La metodología de investigación fue cuasiexperimental y se realizó en tres fases: pretest, intervención pedagógica y postest. Los resultados muestran que la intervención sí facilitó la lectura y comprensión de textos escritos explicativos con modos de organización descriptiva y comparativa.
Análisis del texto breve extraliterario: elementos para una aproximación conceptual al minitexto
Authors: Moreno Caro Javier Oswaldo , Sanabria Rodríguez Luis
Published: March 2016

Se propone una aproximación teórica y didáctica al minitexto: categoría conceptual para el análisis y el tratamiento pedagógico de textos breves no literarios. La propuesta se fundamenta en cuatro paradigmas teóricos: uno correspondiente al enfoque bajtiniano del enunciado y los géneros discursivos; otro circunscrito por la lingüística textual y los estudios del discurso; un tercer enfoque relacionado con la teoría y la crítica de la minificción; y un cuarto paradigma que sugiere el aprovechamiento de las características de inmersión y entretenimiento que subyacen a los videojuegos como mecanismos para propiciar aprendizajes significativos.
La economía política clásica y la cibercultura. El mercado del chat como intercambio de bienes y servicios
Authors: Ortiz Sánchez Luz Marilyn
Published: March 2016

Este ensayo hace parte de una  de las temáticas de la tesis doctoral “Configuración semiótica del chat: una visión multimodal”, donde se pretende reflexionar sobre la propiedad de los medios de comunicación y los medios de producción, partiendo de una relación entre los usuarios electrónicos y lo que implica la propiedad real virtual, entendiendo que las relaciones de producción en la nube y en la interacción electrónica traen consigo una serie de implicaciones epistemológicas caracterizadas por la virtualidad cuyo mercado y proceso de interacción es la red. Esto permitirá hacer una relación directa con la investigación sobre el chat en el mundo de la cibercultura y en concreto el chat como lenguaje emergente, pues la relación entre el lenguaje y la cultura, lenguaje y conocimiento y, sobre todo, lenguaje y economía, visto desde los sistemas de producción, son una forma entender los productos simbólicos de las sociedades actuales. 
El resurgimiento de lo educomunicativo
Authors: Mejía Jiménez Marco Raúl
Published: March 2016

Esta cita bien puede abrirnos a la reflexión de este capítulo, ya que nos habla de la manera como la creación cultural de estos tiempos se ve atravesada por los diferentes fenómenos construidos en el cambio de época y del mundo actual, con su incidencia sobre lo comunicativo, derivado de las revoluciones científicas y tecnológicas, en el cual la comunicación se da como un fenómeno entre muchos otros que organizan y reestructuran las relaciones sociales en nuestros contextos y uno de los de más impacto en la educación.
De la muerte del libro al e-book
Authors: Pérez Alvarez Sergio
Published: March 2016

Este artículo de reflexión indaga sobre la idea de “muerte del libro” y pone en evidencia cómo esta metáfora aparece desde la misma génesis del impreso; así mismo, revisa algunas consideraciones frente a las nuevas “amenazas” atribuidas a la Internet. Frente a la mirada que evalúa la desaparición del libro como un camino inevitable y la de quienes encuentran muy apresurado anunciar el fin del libro y más bien advierten su saludable situación, se propone la idea según la cual sí existe una crisis del libro, pero esta no es una crisis en el formato, como a menudo se reduce, sino una crisis en el significado de los textos y en nuestra manera de leerlos. Retomando autores como McLuhan, Derrida, Chartier, se plantea que el libro digital propone una nueva manera de leer que empieza a estudiarse en sus dimensiones y problemáticas desde las humanidades, lo cual plantea desafíos para la enseñanza que es necesario empezar a explorar y resolver. 
Formar profesores de lenguaje y comunicación en y para la diversidad: una propuesta desde Alter-Nativa
Authors: Calderón Dora Inés , Soler Castillo Sandra
Published: March 2016

Aquí se presentan los resultados de una investigación pedagógica, de tipo curricular y didáctico, realizada en el marco de la Acción ALTER-NATIVA, ALFA III[1]. Específicamente, se exponen los resultados del trabajo mancomunado de la comunidad de formadores de profesores del área de lenguaje de América Latina y el Caribe, que conformaron el equipo de lenguaje ALTER-NATIVA. Esta comunidad propuso lineamientos comunes para la formación de profesores comprometidos con la diversidad y la diferencia, a partir de la reflexión sobre su propio quehacer y del efecto de los currículos de formación de profesores en el área de lenguaje en la formación del profesorado de los países participantes y en América Latina y el Caribe. El trabajo se realizó mediante la metodología de comunidad de práctica (Wenger, 2001), con la idea de construir conocimiento consensuado desde los propios actores implicados, en este caso en la formación de profesores de lenguaje. El resultado del trabajo del área es un sistema curricular y didáctico, del cual se destacan en este artículo los referentes curriculares para la formación del profesorado de lenguaje y comunicación. Se presentan particularmente las implicaciones epistemológicas didácticas en lenguaje, que conllevaron esta construcción, como una contribución a la investigación en la pedagogía y la didáctica del lenguaje, en el horizonte de la diversidad y la diferencia

[1] Contrato Unión Europea-Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas: Contrato de SubvenciónDCI-ALA/19.09.01/10/21526/245-575/ALFA III(2010)88. Comisión Europea, EuropeAid Oficina de Cooperación

EuropeAid B/3.

 
Conflicto y memoria en el libro álbum “Camino a casa”
Authors: Castillo Morales Alexánder , Suárez Reina Adriana
Published: March 2016

Camino a casa es un libro álbum publicado en el año 2008 que narra, a través de la voz de una niña, la experiencia de una familia colombiana víctima del conflicto armado. A partir de allí, el objetivo de este artículo es indagar sobre las formas de representación de la infancia que se construyen en este libro álbum. Para ello se hace una lectura interpretativa polifónica desde la perspectiva discursiva de Ramírez (2007) y dos de sus conceptos básicos: polifonía discursiva y voz. En consecuencia, esta reflexión da cuenta de dos ejes: la indiferencia y el desplazamiento, en la cual las formas de representación de la infancia aportan a la construcción de memoria histórica.
¿Cómo leer libros voladores? Tres recomendaciones del Decálogo de la “buena lectura” audiovisual
Authors: Roa Gerena Mauricio Alexander , Romero Alba Diana Patricia
Published: March 2016

Fragmento de investigación cuyo resultado es la tesis de maestría en pedagogía de la lengua materna de la universidad que lleva el mismo nombre. El presente trabajo es el esbozo modélico de un esquema con altos niveles de abstracción para leer de manera crítica y propositiva un film con características educativas como Los fantásticos libros del señor Morris Lessmore. Luego de un arduo rastreo teórico y a partir de los datos levantados en el ejercicio magisterial, se propone un decálogo de la “buena lectura del texto audiovisual”. Brindamos este fragmento: las tres primeras recomendaciones del Decálogo. Confiamos en que el estilo del texto nos permita saltarnos el orden habitual de las publicaciones investigativas.
Pedagogías emergentes en contextos cambiantes: pedagogías en red en la sociedad del conocimiento
Authors: Gurung Binod , Clavijo Olarte Amparo
Published: March 2016

La noción de pedagogías es un concepto multidimensional emergente construido a partir de la relación entre los componentes pedagógicos (como la tecnología, la pedagogía y el contenido) y los contextos pedagógicos cambiantes de la sociedad, la economía, la educación y la ciencia y tecnología para mencionar algunos. Desafortunadamente, para los marcos teóricos tradicionales existentes no es importante la relación entre los componentes y los contextos pedagógicos cambiantes. Las pedagogías tradicionales existentes se ven como estáticas y unidimensionales y se enfocan exclusivamente en los componentes o en los contextos. En este artículo, propongo repensar las pedagogías tradicionales existentes y enmarcarlas como pedagogías emergentes, con el fin de encontrar la naturaleza emergente y multidimensional de la pedagogía en los actuales contextos pedagógicos cambiantes que evolucionan dentro de redes en la sociedad del conocimiento, la economía del conocimiento, la democracia orientada en la diversidad y la alfabetización digital. Así, a través del reconocimiento de las fortalezas y debilidades de dos marcos pedagógicos esenciales –como son el conocimiento pedagógico y tecnológico del contenido (TPCK, por su sigla en inglés), y la educación multicultural (MCE, por su sigla en inglés)–, se plantea una discusión teórica sobre las pedagogías emergentes como concepto y como práctica. Igualmente, se hace una recomendación para futuras investigaciones y teorías relacionadas con las pedagogías emergentes.
III Congreso iberoamericano de estudios sobre oralidad. “Oralidades y cultura”
Authors: Gutiérrez Ríos Mirta Yolima
Published: March 2016

La inauguración del III Congreso Iberoamericano de Estudios sobre la Oralidad celebrada el día 5 de octubre en las instalaciones del Instituto de Investigaciones Sociales  de la UNAM contó con la presencia de los Doctores Manuel Perló Cohen, Director del Instituto de Investigaciones Sociales,  Fernando Castañeda, Director de la Facultad de Ciencias Políticas y Sociales, Oscar Uribe Villegas, Investigador del Instituto de Investigaciones Sociales, Estela Morales, Coordinadora de Humanidades y las Doctoras Georgina Paulín Pérez e Isabel Contreras Islas organizadoras del congreso. Además, un nutrido grupo de conferencistas, ponentes y asistentes de de 10 países, entre otros: Chile, Argentina, Ecuador, Cuba, España, Colombia, París y México.
Mentorstvo tujim študentom zdravstvene nege: študija primera
Authors: Hvalič Touzery Simona , Smodiš Marta , Kalender Smajlović Sedina
Published: March 2016

Uvod: Multikulturalizem, globalizacija in internacionalizacija predstavljajo neizogiben dejavnik razvoja, ki so mu izpostavljeni tako visokošolski prostor kot klinična okolja. Raziskave kažejo, da klinični mentorji nimajo dovolj multikulturnih kompetenc. Namen raziskave je bil proučiti izkušnje kliničnih mentorjev in visokošolskih učiteljev z mentorstvom tujim študentom.

Metode: S kvalitativnim pristopom – študijo primera so bile raziskane izkušnje kliničnih mentorjev in visokošolskih učiteljev z mentorstvom tujim študentom zdravstvene nege enega od visokošolskih zavodov. Podatki so bili zbrani januarja 2014, s tehniko skupinskega intervjuja, uporabljen je bil polstrukturiran vprašalnik. V vzorec je bilo vključenih šest kliničnih mentorjev in visokošolskih učiteljev. Pogovori so bili transkribirani in besedilo podrobno analizirano s pristopom indukcije.

Rezultati: Odgovori so bili strnjeni v pet glavnih tem: kulturno zavedanje, poznavanje kultur, kulturne spretnosti, medkulturni stiki in želja po kulturni osveščenosti. Kategorije opisujejo izkušnje intervjuvancev v novih kulturah, posebnosti mentorstva, željo po kulturni osveščenosti in jezikovne ovire. V želji po kulturni osveščenosti ugotavljamo vpliv kulture na kakovost zagotavljanja zdravstvene nege, željo po novih znanjih in pozitiven odnos do internacionalizacije praktičnega usposabljanja.

Diskusija in zaključek: Intervjuvanci navajajo, da je pomembno medsebojno spoštovanje različnih kultur. Izražajo željo po razumevanju drugačnosti, ne navajajo posebnih priprav na izmenjavo tujih študentov. Jezikovna ovira in strah se ob vsakodnevnem stiku s tujimi študenti zmanjša. Raziskava prispeva k boljšemu razumevanju razmer v procesu mentorstva tujih študentov zdravstvene nege.
Role of microsatellite instability, immunohistochemistry and mismatch repair germline aberrations in immunosuppressed transplant patients: a phenocopy dilemma in Muir-Torre syndrome
Authors: Ponti Giovanni , Manfredini Marco , Pellacani Giovanni , Tomasi Aldo
Published: March 2016

Sebaceous tumours and keratoacanthomas are uncommon neoplasms that constitute important clinical criteria for Muir-Torre syndrome (MTS) diagnosis. In MTS patients, the increased risk of developing synchronous or metachronous visceral malignancies is characterised by autosomal dominant inheritance. However, there are further conditions, other than MTS, that increase the risk of sebaceous neoplasms, e.g. iatrogenic immunosuppression. In this latter scenario, the sebaceous tumours can present microsatellite instability (MSI) and loss of mismatch repair (MMR) proteins, characteristic of hereditary syndromes, even in the absence of MMR germline mutations. In this article, we examine transplant probands in which the immunosuppressive therapies unmask the MTS cutaneous phenotypes, showing MSI and loss of MMR protein expression, as demonstrated by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Furthermore, MMR genes sequencing analysis identified the presence of germline mutations in MTS-suspected individuals, in the absence of a visceral MTS phenotype. It is well known that immunosuppression plays a central role in the development of sebaceous tumours in both MTS and in non-syndromic settings. Sebaceous skin tumours’ MSI status and IHC profiles can be influenced by epigenetic or iatrogenic factors; however, they constitute valuable tools and a cost-effective approach to screen individuals who otherways should undergo MMR genes direct sequencing in the context of immunosuppression. In this complex setting, the choice of the immunosuppressive drug becomes a critical decision for the management of both MTS and sporadic transplant patients, which may benefit from the administration of immunosuppressive drugs, resulting in a low impact on skin cancerogenesis.