bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development a Measurement of Attitudes about Ideal Government
Authors: Prusova I.S.
Published: October 2021

Objective. Develop a questionnaire to measure attitudes about ideal government and analyze the psychometric properties of this tool.
Background. Psychological studies showed the key role of political attitudes (conservatism/liberalism) in different forms of political activity. Conservatism-liberalism dichotomy did not correspond with actual political “agenda” in Russia that induced the question about the structure of political attitudes.
Study design. To indicate the attitudes about ideal government, an online survey was conducted. The structure of political attitudes was analysed through confirmatory factor analysis, and analyses of reliability, validity, and invariance.
Participants. The research consisted of 2 independent studies. About 610 participants took part at the study 1 (353 men and 257 women) over 18 years old (M=34.28; SD=13.82); and 378 participants (196 men and 182 women) over 18 years old (M=35.26; SD=10.54) at the study 2.
Methods. Russian-language versions of the scales of Needs for cognitive clousure, Openness to experience (“Big Five”), Right-wing Authoritarianism, System Justification, and the author’s questionnaire of attitudes about an ideal government. Additionally, participants completed the self-categoriaiton scales about political orientations (“left-right”; “liberal-conservatives”).
Results. The structure of attitudes about the ideal government consisted of “respect” and “support”. “Political respect” was correspondent to “liberal” and “left-wing” self-identification that indicated the criterion validity. At the same time, the analysis of convergent validity showed that “respect” and “support” were linked with right-wing authoritarianism and need for cognitive clousure.
Conclusions. The structure of political attitudes in Russia consisted of “governmental support” and “political respect”. The current perspective discussed in the context of liberal/conservative political orientations.
Strategies for (non) Resistance in Narratives about Facing Problems: Formation of a “Subordinate Subject”
Authors: Radina N.K. , Porshnev A.V.
Published: October 2021

Objective. Identify strategies a formation of “subordinate subject” and analyzes the strategies of obedience and resistance in self-narrative about encountering difficulties in childhood and adulthood.
Background. Obedience refers to classical problems in social psychology (experiments by S. Asha, S. Milgram, F. Zimbardo, S. Moskovichi, etc.). Forms of obedience are suggestibility, conformity, pliability, submission to authority; these forms are manifested in submission to internal imperatives; to authority persons; to small group; as well as situations. Along with conformity as a personal characteristic researchers study obedience based on the adoption of the role and regulation of role behavior. Role basis of subordination allows us to consider obedience as a condition for socialization. Resistance in psycho¬logical research is less common, which is associated with cultural standards and cultural priorities that influence the formation of research areas.
Results. According to the results of the study, young people under 30 years have different interpretations than older interviewees, but differences are of an age rather than generational nature.
Conclusions. The results of the study allow us to suggest that strategies of resistance were form at the childhood while overcoming internal issues and conflicts with peers. In adulthood, the strategy of subordination are stereotyped (stories about obedience to parents), stable scenarios resistance were construct in area to social challenge.
Socio-Psychological Portrait of Russian IT Entrepreneur
Authors: Abramova O.A.
Published: October 2021

Objectives: to reveal the socio-psychological, personal, and cultural characteristics of Russian IT entrepreneurs.
Background. The digital transformation of the economy focuses on new technologies and involves more people. IT entrepreneurship is becoming a desired career of the younger generation in Russia. The country’s technological leadership depends on psychosocial and personality characteristics and attitudes of successful IT entrepreneurs. Nevertheless, research of Russian entrepreneurs in the IT sector is rare.
Study design. Using qualitative research method the socio-psychological portrait of an IT entrepreneur is formed on the basis of socio-psychological and personal characteristics (internal locus of control, risk tolerance, achievement orientation), including value orientations: family, creativity, money, self-realization and cultural preferences. One research question and three hypotheses are considered.
Participants. After a preliminary selection of respondents, the most characteristic representatives of the IT entrepreneurial social group were selected: 14 male entrepreneurs, 27—35 year old — IT businesses’ owners.
Measurement. Thematic analysis of the theoretical type was used to classify the data collected from in-depth semi-structured interviews using a six stage algorithm of V. Braun and V. Clarke.
Results. A portrait of the technological company’s founder is presented: nonconformity, independence from family values, high involvement in the work, strong desire to achieve business goals, low interest in cultural symbols and events are revealed. Differences of a Russian technological entrepreneur from an entrepreneur in Russia as a whole (family and material values), as well as differences from a new wave of Western entrepreneurs (nonconformity) are noted. All hypotheses were confirmed.
Conclusions. Russian IT entrepreneur in our sample shares similar features with modern entrepreneurs in other countries. The distinguishing characteristics of Russian IT entrepreneur from Russian non-IT entrepreneurs include: low importance of money and material status, neutral attitude to family values.
Los Estados Unidos en las culturas constitucionales del liberalismo postrevolucionario español (1834-1848)
Authors: Escribano Roca Rodrigo
Published: October 2021

El artículo estudia el impacto del constitucionalismo estadounidense en el pensamiento de las dos principales corrientes ideológicas del liberalismo postrevolucionario español: el progresismo y el moderantismo. A tal efecto, el trabajo se centra en los años que encuadraron los primeros conflictos entre ambas tendencias por definir la fisonomía constitucional del Estado liberal (1834-1848). Se abordan los procesos de traducción, edición, selección y apropiación argumentativa mediante los cuales ambas culturas políticas construyeron sus relatos respecto del desarrollo constitucional angloamericano. Se analiza la dimensión performativa de estos relatos, inspeccionando la influencia que ejercieron en la definición de los principios doctrinales y los horizontes de expectativa que vertebraban las culturas constitucionales de progresistas y moderados. A tal efecto, se empleará una batería muy diversa de fuentes susceptibles de entregar información valiosa sobre la presencia del sistema angloamericano en el pensamiento constitucional de las dos tendencias: obras ensayísticas e historiográficas; traducciones y ediciones; discursos parlamentarios, artículos de prensa; y tratados jurídicos.
Enviado el (Submission Date): 01/02/2021
Aceptado el (Acceptance Date): 9/04/2021
Las posturas de la derecha tradicionalista y conservadora navarra entre 1929 y 1940 en relación con la Reintegración Foral.
Authors: Mikelarena Peña Fernando
Published: October 2021

En este artículo se examinan las posturas de la derecha tradicionalista y conservadora de Navarra entre 1929 y 1940 en relación con la Reintegración Foral. Se analizan aspectos como las limitaciones de la coalición entre 1921 y 1923 de carlistas y nacionalistas en la Alianza Foral; la refutación que el periodista y escritor Eladio Esparza hizo del reintegracionismo entre 1929 y 1931; las características del reintegracionismo tradicionalista durante la República; la polémica entre Eladio Esparza y Joaquín Beúnza por la subsunción del reintegracionismo en la vía estatutaria; las posturas de otros representantes de la derecha conservadora de Navarra; la puesta en práctica desde la Gestora de la Diputación Foral tras el golpe de Estado de julio de 1936 de una versión reduccionista del reintegracionismo, y los efectos de la Comisión para la Reintegración Foral impulsada desde la Junta Central Carlista de Guerra; y diversas tentativas que en los años 1937 y 1939 trataron de conseguir una ampliación de facultades para Navarra en el contexto del nuevo Estado franquista.
Enviado el (Submission Date): 31/03/2021
Aceptado el (Acceptance Date): 23/04/2021
Problemas y principios: Michael Stolleis (1941-2021), constructor de Historia Constitucional
Authors: Gutiérrez Gutiérrez Ignacio
Published: October 2021

La nota necrológica de Michael Stolleis recoge su concepción de la Historia constitucional y las cualidades intelectuales y personales que hicieron de él una referencia inexcusable en la materia.
Enviado el (Submission Date): 26/04/2021
Aceptado el (Acceptance Date): 5/05/2021
The Role of Legal Algorithmic Language in the Identification, Disclosure, and Investigation of Extremist Crimes Committed Through Use of the Internet
Authors: Bychkov Vasily V. , Prorvich Vladimir A.
Published: October 2021

For the proper detection, disclosure, and investigation of extremist crimes committed through use of the Internet, it is necessary to create methods for the study of electronic documents and other information contained in systems of various types. At the same time, an important role can be played by information technologies using elements of artificial intelligence, which provide increased capabilities for investigators intellectual activities as a result of interaction with them using a legal algorithmic language. Toward this end, it is necessary to create several types of local thesauri and formalize the relationships between the concepts included therein. The features of control over the formation of detailed criminal law characteristics of crimes of the type under consideration, as well as the processing of information in electronic digital form to obtain the necessary evidence, along with their verification and evaluation, are discussed.
Law of Digital Society: Actual Problems and the Ways of Development
Authors: Razuvaev Nicolay V.
Published: October 2021

The article discusses the digitalization of law enforcement as the most important trend of post-Russian social development. The author believes that attempts to oppose the transition of postmodern society to digital society are scientifically insolvent for several reasons. First, according to the current consensus, post-contemporary (or post-industrial) society is a stage of sociocultural evolution, when advanced technologies, including information technology, begin to play a leading role, determining the further direction of the development of human civilization. Second, the cultural, social, political, and legal uncertainties of the Postmodern Era are not only not permitted but to some extent are exacerbated by the digitalization of society and law enforcement. Thus, according to the author, the rights of digital society develop tendencies, which, in general, are inherent and natural manifestations of postmodern civilization.

As shown in the work, the rights of digital society in the current stage of legal communication development are characterized by a generally greater (compared to preceding stages) accuracy of the iconic means, among which include digital media, as well as their further extraction from objects acting as referred signs. As a result, digital design of the law enforcement generates several problems that have not received adequate solutions.

The most important of those solutions include anonymization of the subjects of legal interactions (primarily states and legal entities, but also physical individuals), as well as the divorce from objects to which these relationships are addressed. These trends generate a crisis of confidence for communication participants, which is a key problem of post-hour law enforcement. In order to overcome such a crisis, the author offers the reconstruction of the rule of law based on human rights and freedoms that protect the fundamental identity and ensure the stability and coherence of legal reality.
Law Enforcement Activities to Combat Corruption in Corporations: Statistical Data and the Complexity of Law Enforcement
Authors: Molchanova Marina A.
Published: October 2021

In the National Anti-Corruption Plan for 20212024, one of the main tasks is to improve anti-corruption measures in the field of business, including those aimed at increasing the efficiency of interaction between government bodies and the business community on anti-corruption issues. The presented article reveals the main problematic issues in the activities of law enforcement agencies in the field of combating corruption in the economic sector. The author presented statistics and law enforcement practices. Based on the study, the most common violations of anti-corruption laws in corporations were identified. The article emphasizes the need to develop cooperation between law enforcement agencies and organizations in the field of combating corporate corruption, and also identifies the main forms of this activity.
Some Aspects of Ensuring the Sustainable Development of Education in the European Union
Authors: Galushko Dmitriy V.
Published: October 2021

International integration processes in the field of education are particularly pronounced within the framework of the European Union, expressed in the creation of the European Higher Education Area, as well as in the intensification of the Bologna processthe system of harmonization of education systems in European countries. The article is devoted to the identification and consideration of the main trends whose influence on the development of the educational sphere can become decisive for its further development. Among those are university autonomy, ensuring and improving the quality of higher education, the process of internationalization, and standardization and digitalization. The methodological basis of the work was well-known general and particular methods of scientific research. The purpose and objectives of the article were to study the relevant problems of legal support for the development of education in the European Union.
Requisite Management Knowledge and Skills for State Civil Officer Competence
Authors: Klepikov Sergey N.
Published: October 2021

This article examines the universal management knowledge and skills required for head state civil officer competence. In this regard, the purpose of the study is to determine what universal management knowledge and skills include and what civil officers should know about management. The author conducts a comprehensive study of the concept of management and identifies an approximate list of civil officer management skills. It concludes that management skills are formed mainly through the constant application of universal management principles.
Performance assessment of multi-MFL inspection using feature-based POD
Authors: Peng Xiang , Siggers Kevin , Liu Zheng
Published: October 2021

Oil and gas pipelines, which transport large quantities of oil products and natural gas, are subject to pipeline failures caused by corrosion. Magnetic flux leakage (MFL) is one of the most popular non-destructive testing (NDT) techniques for the detection of pipeline corrosion. Since
individual MFL is insensitive to the corrosion components that are parallel with its magnetic field, two types of MFL tools with perpendicular magnetic fields are usually employed in one inspection to detect all corrosion defects. This study applies probability of detection (POD) to quantitatively
assess the detection capabilities of two individual MFL tools and their combination. Due to the characteristics of MFL inspection, this study proposes the construction of the POD model as a function of two geometric features, namely the volume and the orientation, which have a significant
influence on the MFL signal response. Detection results from two MFL tools are integrated using logical OR operation to study the POD of their combination. With the proposed POD model, the minimum criteria that ensure a corrosion defect will be reliably detected by MFL tools are studied in
this paper. The validity of the proposed POD model is justified on the data collected from an in-service pipeline.
Persistent, “Mysterious” Seismoacoustic Signals Reported in Oklahoma State during 2019
Authors: Carmichael Joshua D. , Thiel Andrew D. , Blom Phillip S. , Walter Jacob I. , Dugick Fransiska K. Dannemann , Arrowsmith Stephen J. , Carr Chris G.
Published: October 2021

We report on the source of seismoacoustic pulses that were observed across the state of Oklahoma (OK) during summer of 2019, and the subject of national media coverage and speculation. Seismic network data collected across four U.S. states and interviews with witnesses to the pulse’s effect on residential structures demonstrate that they were triggered by routine ammunition disposal operations conducted by McAlester Army Ammunition Plant (McAAP). During these operations, conventional explosives destroy obsolete munitions stored in pits through a controlled sequence of electronically timed shots that occur over tens of minutes. Despite noise-abatement efforts that reduce coupling of acoustic energy with air, some lower frequency, subaudible (infrasonic) sound radiates from these shots as discrete pulses. We use nine months of blast log documents, seismic network records, analyst picks, and physical modeling to demonstrate that seismic stations as far as 640 km from McAAP sample these pulses, which record seasonal patterns in stratospheric and tropospheric winds, as well as the dynamic formation of waveguides and shadow zones. Digital short-term average to long-term average detectors that we augment with dynamic thresholds and time-binning operations identify these pulses with a fair probability, when compared with visual observations. Our analyses thereby provide estimates of observation rates for both partial and full sequences of these pulses, as well as single shots. We suggest that disposal operations can exploit existing, composite seismic networks to predict where residents are likely to witness blasting. Crucially, our data also show that dense seismic networks can record multiscale atmospheric processes in the absence of infrasound arrays.
Fully Dynamic Earthquake Cycle Simulations on a Nonplanar Fault Using the Spectral Boundary Integral Element Method (sBIEM)
Authors: Romanet Pierre , Ozawa So
Published: October 2021

One of the most suitable methods for modeling fully dynamic earthquake cycle simulations is the spectral boundary integral element method (sBIEM), which takes advantage of the fast Fourier transform (FFT) to make a complex numerical dynamic rupture tractable. However, this method has the serious drawback of requiring a flat fault geometry due to the FFT approach. Here, we present an analytical formulation that extends the sBIEM to a mildly nonplanar fault. We start from a regularized boundary element method and apply a small-slope approximation of the fault geometry. Making this assumption, it is possible to show that the main effect of nonplanar fault geometry is to change the normal traction along the fault, which is controlled by the local curvature along the fault. We then convert this space–time boundary integral equation of the normal traction into a spectral-time formulation and incorporate this change in normal traction into the existing sBIEM methodology. This approach allows us to model fully dynamic seismic cycle simulations on nonplanar faults in a particularly efficient way. We then test this method against a regular BIEM for both rough-fault and seamount-fault geometries and demonstrate that this sBIEM maintains the scaling between the fault geometry and slip distribution.
Economic Development and Environmental Degradation in Indonesia: Panel Data Analysis
Authors: Ilham M Irsyad
Published: October 2021

This study analyzed the relationship of economic development, population density, and the number of vehicles on environmental degradation from 31 provinces in Indonesia for the period 2011-2019. Panel data analysis, which is widely used to examine issues that could not be studied in either cross-section or time-series alone, is used herein. The empirical results support the hypothesis on the direction of causality from those three factors of environmental damage in the country. The results concluded that economic development, population density, and the number of vehicles impacted on environmental degradation in Indonesia. The smallest cross-section random effect indicates the lowest environmental quality when all factors are fixed. The empirical findings provide important policy implications for Indonesia and it will direct its economic development model towards a green economic one. On the other hand, the growth of the population should be equalized with growth in human development. The distribution of population should be equalized among provinces by opening a new economic cluster to supply new work-fields. In addition, it should be for the country to create a more-educated population in order to protect environmental quality. Despite the unstoppable growth of vehicles, the government should implement the development of eco-friendly combustion technology besides reducing fuel consumption. Moreover, the road-making by plastic-based material can be considered to prevent land damage from plastic waste and might also recycle plastics which has caused pollution in Indonesia.
Literature Review The Implementation Of Infection Prevention And Control Programs On The Medical Staff
Authors: Mustika Gilang Indhira , Kusbaryanto Kusbaryanto
Published: October 2021

Health-related infection (HAI) is a major problem facing hospitals affecting patients as well as healthcare workers around the world. There have not been many published systematic reviews on the implementation of infection prevention and control programs. The aim of this systematic review is to analyze the implementation of infection prevention and control programs in medical personnel. The research phase begins with the formulation of a research question (RQ) and data collection begins with a search for research with qualitative methods at Pubmed, Science Direct, Proquest, GARUDA and Google Scholar on "infection prevention and control", "IPC management", and "the implementation process. IPC "for health personnel, published between January 2015 and June 2020. A total of 106 publications were taken, method and abstract screening were conducted (n = 106), research was issued (n = 91), full text reviewed (n = 14) , articles that issue n = 0). Synthesized article (n = 14). Based on the maipcng results of 14 articles regarding the implementation of infection prevention and control programs for medical personnel, they are grouped into research focus and paper type categories. Gaps were identified related to lack of knowledge, awareness and commitment to the importance of IPC during health service delivery. Management needs to provide support with training, funding for the IPC program so that it supports infrastructure. Human resource factors and other supporting factors contribute to the implementation of IPC so as to reduce the incidence of infection
Predictors of atrial fibrillation after off pump coronary artery bypass graft-a prospective observational study
Authors: Chooriyil Nidheesh , Pillai Manjusha N. , Jayakumar Thanath K. N.
Published: October 2021

Background: Postoperative atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common and potentially morbid complication following coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. Many factors have been suggested to increase the incidence of post-operative AF after CABG. Objective was to estimate the proportion of patients developing AF after off pump CABG (OPCABG) and to determine the possible predictors of AF after OPCABG.Methods: This was a prospective observational study done in the department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery of a tertiary center from December 2019 to December 2020 after obtaining Institutional review board clearance.  A sample size of 334 was fixed and patients undergoing OPCABG were consecutively recruited in the study. The association of preoperative and postoperative factors with occurrence of AF were analysed using the univariate analysis with a p value <0.05 using the SPSS 16 software. Multivariate analysis was done to determine the independent predictors after OPCABG.Results: In this prospective study amongst the 334 patients recruited 60 (18%) developed atrial fibrillation and the maximum incidence was seen on the third postoperative day. Patients who developed AF were older with mean age of 61.38±7.63 years, 2.96 (95% CI 0.71-5.21) as compared to those who did not develop AF. Male gender Odds ratio 1.17 (95%CI 1.06-1.31), low ejection fraction 54.95±10.47, -3.25 (95% CI-5.99- -0.52); large atrial size 3.45±0.42, 0.12 (95% CI 0.02-0.06); long intensive care unit (ICU) stay 2.47±0.59, 0.32 (95% CI 0.06-0.21) and long hospital stay 7.62±3.36, 1.48 (95% CI 0.44-0.59) were associated with development of AF after OPCABG. Older age was found to be an independent predictor of development of AF on doing multivariate analysis.Conclusions: In our study advanced age was found to be an independent predictor of atrial fibrillation after OPCABG. Males, low ejection fraction, large atrial size and longer ICU and hospital stays were associated with occurrence of AF after OPCABG.
Admission cardiotocography: Forecasting perinatal outcome
Authors: Nity  , Das Asima
Published: October 2021

The Admission test (AT) in high risk pregnancy for continuous monitoring of FHR (fetal heart rate) has become crucial in the modern day obstetric practice. As it senses the presence of fetal intrapartum hypoxia and assist the obstetrician in making decision on the mode of delivery to improve perinatal outcome in high risk pregnancy.

A prospective observational study was carried out in 230 pregnant women with high risk pregnancy in KIMS BBSR, Odisha during period of 2018-2020 who were admitted to labor room with gestational age more than 33 weeks for continuous FHR monitoring with CTG (cardiotocography) for 20 minutes.

Among 230 patients majority of them were primigravida in age group of 21-25 years. About 39.1% were postdated pregnancy followed by Pregnancy Induced Hypertension (PIH) (21.1%), Premature Rupture of the Membranes (PROM) (10.4%), Bad Obstetric History (BOH) (6.9%), PIH with IUGR (Intrauterine Growth Restriction) (6.5%), IUGR (5.6%), Oligohydramnios (4.3%), Diabetes (3.5%) and Rh negative pregnancy (2.6%). The admission test were normal in (68.7%), suspicious in (21.7%) and pathological in (9.6%). The incidence of fetal distress, meconium stained liqour, NICU (Neonatal Intensive Care Unit) admission and APGAR score less than 7 was significantly higher with pathological AT as compared with suspicious and normal AT.

The admission CTG appears to be simple noninvasive tool for screening the high risk pregnancy and prioritizing fetuses and deciding the mode of delivery.
Study of metabolic syndrome in south Indian PCOS women
Authors: Gopalan Ushadevi , Kalaivani V , Rajagopalan Balaji
Published: October 2021

PCOS is one of the common endocrine disorders in women leading to various complications like infertility, menstrual, psychological disturbances and metabolic syndrome. The objectives of this study were to study the clinical and biochemical parameters of metabolic syndrome in women of reproductive age group with PCOS.

This cross-sectional study was conducted in a tertiary care centre from September 2018 to June 2020. Fifty six women diagnosed with PCOS, underwent clinical and laboratory assessments for the diagnosis of metabolic syndrome, as per international diabetes federation (IDF) criteria.

14.3% subjects had metabolic syndrome. The prevalence of individual components of the metabolic syndrome among PCOS patients were: waist circumference >80cms in 100%, HDL < 50mg/dl in 100%, triglycerides > 150mg/dl in 75%, blood pressure >130/85mmhg in 12.5%, fasting plasma glucose > 100 mg /dl in 87.5%. Subjects with metabolic syndrome had significantly higher BMI compared to those without metabolic syndrome (p=0.043).

The metabolic syndrome and its individual components, like waist circumference and decreased HDL were found to be more common among PCOS patients in this study. As the risk of MetS increases with age and BMI, early screening and timely interventions like lifestyle changes will prevent metabolic complications like cardiovascular diseases and type II diabetes mellitus.
Randomized clinical trial of active induction versus expectant management in premature rupture of the membranes at term
Authors: M Tejashree , Bembalgi Shobha , Naykar Preetha F
Published: October 2021

Immediate induction of labour in cases of pregnancy with PROM used to be a standard practice to avoid potential complications but induced labour is likely to be associated with increased risks of fetal and maternal complications due to oligohydramnios like cord compression and high rate of operative delivery. Purpose of this study is to determine in case the practice of actively inducing labour in women with PROM at term is preferable than expectant management for 12 hours and also to study the maternal and neonatal outcome.

A total of 150 pregnant women were randomized into two groups who are between 18-35 years, at term gestation (37-40 weeks) having PROM irrespective of gravida. Women were immediately induced by Tab. Misoprostol(25microgrmas) in immediate induction group. Women who presented with PROM were observed for 12hrs from time of PROM without any intervention to accelerate the labour in conservative management group. An observation between the two groups of patients would be made with respect to maternal and fetal outcome. We observed that there was statistically insignificant increase in duration of labour and increased rate of caesarean section in expectant group. Maternal complications in both groups were found to be insignificant. However, women who were managed expectantly developed more puerperal pyrexia, wound infection and prolonged hospitalization than women who were managed with induction method. There was no statistically significant difference in the perinatal complications.
The Impact of Natural Disasters on Economic Growth
Authors: Cavallo Eduardo , Becerra Oscar , Acevedo Laura
Published: October 2021

This paper estimates the impact of catastrophic natural disasters on economic growth using an event study methodology on a country panel dataset from 1970 to 2019. The severity of the events is determined by the associated mortality. We find that affected economies which, given the way natural disasters are ranked, comprise mainly developing countries, suffer an average loss between 2.1 and 3.7 percentage points (p.p.). The estimated loss is not offset by above-average growth rates in the disasters aftermath. In contrast, when the severity of the events is determined by physical intensity rather than by mortality, which implies a more balanced estimating sample of developed and developing economies, the estimated effects on growth are negligible. Thus, the negative impacts of natural disasters on economic growth are larger for poorer countries, suggesting that the impact of natural disasters on growth is an economic development issue.
Evidencias de canibalización de secuencias Cretácicas y Paleógenas de la Cuenca Oriente en la cuña orogénica de los Andes ecuatorianos
Authors: Gramal-Aguilar Ana , Carranco-Andino Fausto , Romero-Cóndor Christian , Pulupa-Vela Roberto , Calderón-Romero Darío , Toainga-Oñate Silvia
Published: October 2021

Al sureste de la Cordillera Real, en la sección del río Miriumi, rocas sedimentarias e ígneas metamorfoseadas fueron agrupadas sin discriminación en la Unidad Upano, y la falla Palanda-Méndez-Cosanga fue considerada un límite de terreno en anteriores investigaciones. El objetivo de esta investigación es caracterizar y discriminar rocas sedimentarias e ígneas metamorfoseadas de la Unidad Upano, de rocas sedimentarias de la Cuenca Oriente. Esta discriminación está soportada en datos litoestratigráficos, identificación de estructuras sedimentarias, registro de fósiles, estudios petrográficos y análisis de datos estructurales. Rocas meta-volcánicas y meta-pelíticas afloran en la parte occidental de la sección; mientras que hacia el este de la sección, secuencias estratodecrecientes de conglomerados de cuarzo, cuarzo-areniscas, lodolitas y areniscas con estructuras mareales; calizas mudstone y wackstone, lutitas negras con abundantes trazas de amonites y bivalvos son afectadas por un pliegue anticlinal. En el río Upano, calizas y lutitas fosilíferas son cubiertas en discordancia por limolitas multicolores y red beds. Considerando la descripción inicial de la Unidad Upano, se restringe a esta secuencia a rocas meta-volcánicas y meta-pelíticas de bajo grado de metamorfismo en facies de sub-esquistos verdes relacionadas a la dinámica regional. En este estudio, cuarzo-areniscas y lodolitas con estructuras mareales son incluidas en la Formación Hollín, calizas y lutitas con Inoceramus sp. y Harleites sp. (?) son asociadas a la Formación Napo; y secuencias de red beds son vinculadas a la Formación Tena. La presencia de bloques y escamas tectónicas compuestos por las formaciones Hollín, Napo y Tena de la Cuenca Oriente en el frente de la cuña orogénica, afectadas por zonas de corrimiento y pliegues de arrastre indican que la falla Palanda-Méndez-Cosanga, no constituye un límite de terreno entre secuencias metamórficas de la Cordillera Real y secuencias sedimentarias de la Cuenca Oriente. Al contrario, nuestros datos concuerdan con el modelo de canibalización de secuencias de foreland.
Reevaluación de intensidades macrosísmicas del terremoto del 07 de junio de 1925 en Colombia
Authors: Salcedo-Hurtado Elkin de Jesús , Blandón-Silva Juan Camilo , Ríos-García Luisa
Published: October 2021

El sismo ocurrido el 07 de junio de 1925 es un evento sentido en varias regiones de Colombia, cuya severidad de sus efectos es bastante considerable. Varios autores han realizado investigaciones que contribuyen a mejorar el conocimiento de este evento sísmico. En el presente trabajo se contrastan las hipótesis de intensidades dadas en trabajos anteriores, mostrándose la disimilitud en el uso de las escalas macrosísmicas y la falta de correlación entre los valores de intensidad macrosísmica asignados. Se manifiesta el hallazgo de nuevas noticias sísmicas que, por un lado, amplían el número de poblaciones afectadas por este terremoto, y, por el otro, mejoran la información sobre los daños y efectos mostrados en otras poblaciones, de tal manera que se mejora la calidad de la información para proponer nuevos valores de intensidad más precisos y llenar vacíos espaciales geográficos. La intensidad macrosísmica ha sido evaluada en la escala EMS-98. La distribución geográfica de los puntos de intensidad marca una ligera tendencia SSO-NNE, donde las mayores intensidades se asignan a poblaciones del departamento del Valle del Cauca, con valores que van desde V hasta VIII; la máxima intensidad se reporta en la ciudad de Cali. A partir de aquí, se aprecia el decaimiento de la intensidad tanto hacia el NNE como hacia el SSO, con mayor elongación hacia el NNE. El epicentro macrosísmico se ubica en las coordenadas 3,45° de latitud norte y 76,49° de longitud oeste.
Petrografía y evolución tectónica de los esquistos del Complejo Arquía, al occidente de Manizales en el sector de La Manuela, vías Palestina y Chinchiná, Colombia
Authors: Arango-Escobar Jansson Estiben , Toro-Toro Luz Mary , Moreno-Sánchez Mario , Ruíz-Jiménez Elvira Cristina
Published: October 2021

La presencia de estilpnomelana y cloritoide en esquistos del Complejo Arquía en el sector occidental de Manizales, evidencian un metamorfismo de facies esquistos verdes, bajo grado en cinturones de presión intermedia. La asociación del pico metamórfico para los esquistos cuarzo moscovíticos es cloritoide + moscovita + cuarzo ± plagioclasa + estilpnomelana y para los esquistos actinolíticos es actinolita + clorita + epidota/clinozoisita + cuarzo ± plagioclasa; los cálculos en pseudosecciones permitieron determinar las siguientes condiciones: T= 420±10°C y P= 5,5 a 6 kbar. Las características geoquímicas evidencian que el protolito de los esquistos verdes corresponde a basaltos de tipo MORB y los esquistos negros fueron rocas pelíticas asociadas con una margen continental activa. Se presenta además una integración de este complejo con la evolución del occidente colombiano.
Evidencias de procesos de alteración hidrotermal en cuerpos ígneos del municipio de Pajarito, flanco este de la cordillera Oriental (Colombia)
Authors: González-Preciado Angélica Julieth , Durán-González Sofía , Mariño-Martínez Jorge Eliecer
Published: October 2021

En el municipio de Pajarito (departamento de Boyacá - Colombia), en un área de 48 km2 y sobre el flanco este de la cordillera Oriental, aflora una serie de cuerpos intrusivos máficos, que regionalmente están orientados en dirección N-S y se hospedan en rocas sedimentarias de edad Cretácico inferior. De estos cuerpos se estudiaron seis intrusiones: cinco cuerpos laminares, definidos como intrusión 1 a intrusión 5, y un sexto cuerpo de mayor tamaño definido como Cuerpo Ígneo Principal (CIP). Estas rocas están dominadas por texturas faneríticas a porfídicas, con cristales de piroxeno y plagioclasa, y se encuentran intruyendo pelitas que en la zona de contacto con los intrusivos varían a metalimolitas y argilitas. Los datos de campo y petrográficos sugieren que estas intrusiones fueron alteradas por acción de soluciones hidrotermales que generaron como consecuencia del intercambio químico, texturas de reemplazamiento y dos asociaciones paragenéticas: la paragénesis sericita - pirita - calcita, relacionada a un pH entre neutro a ligeramente ácido; y la paragénesis calcita - clorita – epidota - actinolita asociada a zonas de pH neutro a básico. De igual forma, las soluciones hidrotermales podrían estar relacionadas con una hipotética mineralización, como producto del proceso de lixiviación y enriquecimiento de elementos metálicos a partir de su paso por los cuerpos ígneos, y su consecuente precipitación en una trampa geoquímica.
Características estructurales de los depósitos vetiformes La Ye y Mangos, Distrito Minero El Bagre (Antioquia, Colombia)
Authors: Salgado-González Daniel , Muñoz-Ospina José David , Naranjo-Sierra Edwin , Cardona-Ríos John Jairo
Published: October 2021

Las minas La Ye y Mangos, se encuentran localizadas en la parte norte de la Cordillera Central de Colombia, al noreste del departamento de Antioquia, en el municipio de Zaragoza y al interior del Distrito Minero El Bagre (DMB). Estas minas subterráneas, son depósitos vetiformes de Au-Ag hospedados en una zona de cizalla sinestral-inversa al interior de rocas graníticas Carboníferas del stock El Carmen. Con la integración de características estructurales (fallas de carácter regional, local, estructuras vetiformes, zonas de cizalla y la estructura combinada entre la veta y la cizalla), se determinó una tendencia general NNW-SSE con buzamientos entre 60°-70°SW para la veta La Ye y una tendencia general NNW-SSE con buzamientos entre 30°-40°NE para la veta Mangos. Adicionalmente, con base en los tensores de esfuerzos calculados a partir del procesamiento sistematizado de planos de falla y superficies estriadas, y desde las relaciones de corte de las principales fallas, se identificaron al menos tres eventos deformativos: D1 correspondiente a una transpresión sinestral NWW-SEE pre-mineralización, D2 asociado a una transpresión dextral NNE-SSW y D3 vinculado a una transpresión sinestral NW-SE que generó espacios dilatacionales propicios para la circulación de fluidos mineralizantes.
Unidades geomorfológicas y distribución de facies sedimentarias en la Isla Cayos de Alburquerque, Reserva de Biosfera Seaflower, Caribe colombiano
Authors: Martínez-Clavijo Santiago , López-Muñoz Paula , Cabarcas-Mier Angélica , Payares-Varela Jose Luis , Gutiérrez Julio , Quintero Julián
Published: October 2021

Se caracterizaron las unidades geomorfológicas mediante técnicas de sensoramiento remoto (imágenes satelitales y acústico) y se determinó la distribución de las facies sedimentarias validadas con datos in situ en la Isla Cayos de Alburquerque como una contribución al conocimiento de la Reserva de Biosfera de Seaflower. Esta isla cayos presenta una geomorfología típica de un atolón con Bajos arrecifales, Cuenca lagunar, Terraza lagunar, Terraza prearrecifal, Talud y Arrecife periférico, el cual presenta una extensión aproximada de 6 km que son impactados por el fuerte oleaje originados por los vientos alisios del noreste. Se lograron establecer 10 facies sedimentarias de composición biolitoclástica y bioclástica de formaciones coralinas y del basamento volcánico del atolón, con una distribución heterogénea. Este estudio permite establecer una línea base para el conocimiento de la dinámica del transporte y depósito de los sedimentos en las plataformas arrecifales.
Sismo de San Gabriel, 27 de julio de 2018 (Ml 4,6): análisis de los parámetros de la fuente sísmica y del contexto sísmico de la región suroeste del Valle Central, Costa Rica
Authors: Campos-Durán Daniela , Quintero-Quintero Ronnie , Segura-Torres Juan
Published: October 2021

Se caracterizan y analizan los parámetros de la fuente sísmica del sismo ocurrido el 27 de julio de 2018 a las 17:50:46 (hora UTC) en San Gabriel de Aserrí (latitud 9,788, longitud -84,101). Este tuvo una profundidad de 15 km y magnitud Ml 4,6. La distribución de la sismicidad localizada y solución de mecanismo focal (MF) indican que probablemente el evento ocurrió en una falla de corrimiento lateral derecho, con componente normal pequeña y rumbo NNW, alto ángulo de buzamiento ~77° e inclinación hacia el NE (strike 326°/dip 77°/rake -165°). Este MF concuerda con otros localizados en el área, el cual evidencia deformación transtensional en el antearco central del país, conocido como el Cinturón Deformado del Centro de Costa Rica (CDCCR). Registros de aceleración en las estaciones sísmicas (%g), permitieron identificar en la escala de Intensidad Modificada de Mercalli (IMM) intensidades instrumentales máximas de IV en comunidades como San Gabriel de Aserrí, San Pablo de León Cortés y San Marcos de Tarrazú.
Complicaciones del implante coclear en adultos y niños del Hospital Universitario Doctor Peset de Valencia, España, desde el 2001 al 2020
Authors: Ortega Beltrán Noelia , Carrasco Llatas Marina , Tamarit Conejeros José Manuel , Pons Rocher Francisco , Murcia Puchades Virginia , Dalmau Galofre José
Published: October 2021

Introducción: La cirugía del implante coclear es un método efectivo para la rehabilitación auditiva de los pacientes con hipoacusia neurosensorial severo-profunda, en los que el rendimiento con los audífonos no es suficiente. Aunque la implantación coclear es una técnica segura, es importante conocer sus posibles complicaciones, entre ellas la infección del colgajo o la parálisis facial. Objetivo: Analizar las complicaciones de los pacientes con implante coclear intervenidos en un hospital universitario terciario: El Hospital Universitario Doctor Peset de Valencia, desde enero de 2001 a marzo de 2020. Metodología: Estudio observacional descriptivo de las complicaciones en una muestra de 134 pacientes con implantación coclear en el Hospital Universitario Doctor Peset de Valencia, en un periodo de 20 años. En el análisis estadístico se utilizó estadística descriptiva. Para demostrar diferencias significativas entre variables empleamos el programa R. Se utilizó el test χ2 para proporciones, considerando significativo un valor p < 0.05. Resultados: 134 pacientes fueron implantados. La frecuencia global de complicaciones fue del 17.9%, 4.5% fueron complicaciones mayores y 13.4% fueron complicaciones menores. La complicación más frecuente fue la desactivación o inserción incompleta de algunos electrodos. Discusión: Las proporciones de complicaciones del estudio entran dentro de los rangos encontrados en la literatura (14.9-18.3%). La frecuencia de complicaciones mayores es inferior al 5%, proporción similar a la obtenida en nuestra serie. Conclusiones: El implante coclear es una técnica quirúrgica segura para la rehabilitación de pacientes con hipoacusia severa, aunque no está exenta de riesgo, por lo que se debe conocer sus potenciales complicaciones.
Displasia broncopulmonar y su relación con los cuidados respiratorios en prematuros menores de 32 semanas en una unidad neonatal, Bogotá 2017
Authors: Carrillo Franco Janeth , Guevara Suta Sonia Esperanza , Mendoza Romero Darío
Published: October 2021

Introducción: la displasia broncopulmonar es una enfermedad crónica que afecta al recién nacido prematuro que ha requerido ventilación mecánica y suplementación de oxígeno por su prematurez. La displasia está asociada a múltiples factores, entre los cuales se encuentran las medidas de cuidado respiratorio. Objetivo: describir la relación de presentación de displasia broncopulmonar con parámetros de atención respiratoria en prematuros menores de 32 semanas de edad gestacional en una unidad neonatal en Bogotá durante al año 2017. Materiales y métodos: Estudio observacional analítico transversal, desarrollado utilizando datos extraídos de una base secundaria de registro de recién nacidos prematuros atendidos en una unidad de cuidados neonatales de la ciudad de Bogotá. Resultados: se encontró una prevalencia del 30% de presentación de displasia broncopulmonar en este grupo y relaciones significativas (p<0,05) entre la presentación de displasia y la administración de surfactante pulmonar exógeno y de citrato de cafeína (como factores protectores), la ventilación mecánica y la ventilación mecánica no invasiva. Conclusiones: las guías y consensos internacionales dirigen sus recomendaciones hacia un manejo más conservador de los parámetros de cuidado respiratorio para el recién nacido prematuro. ><0,05) entre la presentación de displasia y la administración de surfactante pulmonar exógeno y de citrato de cafeína (como factores protectores), la ventilación mecánica y la ventilación mecánica no invasiva. Conclusiones: las guías y consensos internacionales dirigen sus recomendaciones hacia un manejo más conservador de los parámetros de cuidado respiratorio para el recién nacido prematuro.
Leiomioma parauretral: manifestación clínica inusual, primer reporte de caso en literatura colombiana
Authors: Fares Kamis Ali , Torrado Arenas Daniel Mauricio , Omaña Roa Jhon Jairo , Rodríguez Paula , Mena Galviz Liseth Susana , Mercado López Ignacio Vicente
Published: October 2021

El leiomioma parauretral es una neoplasia benigna con pocos casos descritos en la literatura. El leiomioma abarca el 5% de los casos de las masas parauretrales, ocupando el cuarto lugar como una de las causas menos frecuentes, después del divertículo parauretral. Se presenta el caso de una paciente de 43 años con antecedente de infección urinaria a repetición, con una masa de 8 cm en pared vaginal anterior de cuatro años de evolución. La cistoscopia fue normal y la ecografía mostró una lesión sólida parauretral. Se realizó resección por colpotomía sin complicaciones, con resultado de patología de leiomioma. Control postquirúrgico y uroflujometría normal. Dentro de las posibilidades diagnósticas ante una masa parauretral, el leiomioma debe considerarse. La sintomatología es variable, siendo los síntomas urinarios los más frecuentes. La ecografía y la resonancia son herramientas fundamentales y el manejo se basa en la resección quirúrgica, generalmente vía vaginal.