bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of atorvastatin and rosuvasta tin on the fatty acid spectrum of lymphocyte membranes in patients with unstable angina
Authors:   Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Bogdan T.V.
Published: December 2020

Numerous studies have demonstrated the superiority of rosuvastatin over other statins in the treatment of cardiovascular disease. It has been proven that rosuvastatin is more effectively lowers low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in patients with cardiovascular disease than other members of this drug group. Despite the known mechanisms of action of statins on blood lipids, their effective use in patients with cardiovascular disease, as well as side effects, the influence of these drugs on the fatty acid spectrum of lymphocyte (LC) membrane phospholipids in patients with ischemic heart disease remains unexplored. The results of the studies cited in the article indicate that, in patients with unstable angina who received the therapy that included rosuvastatin, unlike patients receiving the basic treatment with atorvastatin, the relative phosphate lipid contents of palmitic, stearic, and stearin arachidonic polyunsaturated fatty acids and the amount of unsaturated fatty acids are normalized, which testifies to the stabilization of membranes as dynamic structures.
Spatially Determined Risks for Human Development
Authors: KALAHSNYKOVA T. M.
Published: December 2020

Th e purpose of this article is to study the spatial determinants of human development and the content of the concept of spatially determined risk for human development. Th e s cientifi c novelty of research is to determine the objects, subjects, results of spatial deterministic risk of human development. For the fi rst time, the essence of the defi nition of a spatially determined risk to human development is proposed and revealed. Th is further allows us to form a theoretical and methodological basis for assessing the risks involved. Th e article explores the territorial and spatial features of the process of human development by studying the factors that shape and determine it, basing on the author‘s concept of the “space for human development”. It is determined that the spatial determinants of human development include four groups of factors, which are the features of physical space, economic and social environment, conditions of daily life of the population. Th e distinctive spatial determinants carry both the opportunities for human development and the threats. Under certain conditions, they are transformed into human development risks and anti-risks as factors of the resilience and counteraction to risks. Generalizing the threats for human development, four classes of threats are identifi ed. Th ey include: inequality (income inequality, the unequal access to benefi ts, education, housing, etc.); uneven placement (hyper urbanization, hyper polarization, the uneven placement of infrastructure or recreational areas, etc); remoteness; inaccessibility. Separate territories can theoretically suff er from all of the above threats. Also, basing on the individual spatial characteristics of the respective territories and the presence of vulnerable populations, such threats may be leveled or amplifi ed. Th is will reduce or increase the probability of human development risks. Th e author distinguishes the main classes of risks for human development, which are: social exclusion, health risks, life risks. Th e author formulates own defi nition of a spatially determined risk for human development as an objectively existing probability of the social exclusion, violation of health of a certain severity or deprivation of life for the population of a certain territory (or certain individuals), which is connected with the action of spatially localized threats caused by income inequality and unequal access to social benefi ts, uneven accommodation, remoteness and diffi cult access to places of residence, work, infrastructure, including social and transport.
Transborder Cooperation in the Carpathian and Barents Regions: Optimization of Management through Comparative Sociological Analysis
Authors: Benchak Olesia
Published: December 2020

The article is devoted to analysis of the peculiarities of transborder cooperation in the Carpathian and Barents regions and optimization of its management through comparative sociological analysis. The institutional capacity of managing transborder cooperation, in the Barents region of northern Europe, its focus on increasing human capital and reorienting to cluster development can serve as an example for the development of cross-border cooperation in the Carpathian region. This is evidenced by the multifaceted activities of the Barents Euro-Arctic and Barents Regional Councils for the development of cooperation between the border regions and territorial communities, coordination of priorities and implementation of Barents Co-operation programs at the international, intergovernmental and interregional levels, synchronization of their activities in the Arctic region with EU institutions, cooperation leading international structures in Northern Europe, the Arctic and the Baltic. Such institutional experience in the Barents region indicates the feasibility and high potential impact of establishing a new multilateral international instrument for supporting cross-border cooperation in the Carpathian region. This experience should not be copied, but should be implemented taking into account the specifics of the Carpathian region. The author`s position on the methodological foundations of the sociological study of crossborder interactions as a differentiating and solidarizing factor is formulated. Perspective directions of research of cross-border interactions are seen first of all in: creation of international research collectives; elaboration and improvement of sociological tools for monitoring the state and dynamics of cross-border interactions; constructing a system of indicators that characterize the factors of micro, meso, macro and global levels that determine the content of cross-border interactions. The Ukrainian-Slovak, Ukrainian-Hungarian and Ukrainian-Romanian borders as a special space of social differentiation and integration remain extremely unexplored.
Analysis of the Mechanical Behavior and Effect of Cyclic Fatigue on the Implant-Abutment Interface
Authors: Germán Sandoval Ramón , Ortiz Magdaleno Marine , Sánchez Robles Paula , Zavala Alonso Norma , Romo Ramírez Gabriel Fernando
Published: December 2020

Purpose: The seal of the interface formed at the implant-abutment connection is essential for the long-term success of the implant-supported restoration. The aim of this study was to analyze the mechanical behavior and the effect of cyclic fatigue before and after in the marginal fit of implant-abutment according to the manufacturing technique of the abutment. Materials and methods: Machined titanium abutments (DENTIS), cast abutments with Nickel-Chromium alloy (VeraBond II), and manufacturing custom milled Zirconia abutments (Zirkonzahn) were evaluated. The implant-abutment assemblies were subjected to cyclic loads of 133 N at a frequency of 19.1 Hz for 200,000 cycles. The microgap was measured using Scanning Electronic Microscope and the distribution of compressive stress by the three-dimensional Finite Element (FE) method. Results: The microgap measurement values of the machined abutments were 1.62 μm and 1.92 μm, cast abutments were 14.14 μm, and 28.44 μm, and the milled abutments were 14.18 μm and 20.15 μm before and after cyclic fatigue, respectively. Only the cast abutments and the machined abutments showed a statistically significant difference before and after cyclic fatigue (p ≤ 0.05). The FE analysis showed that the critical areas of compressive stress were located at the implant-abutment connection, increasing in the cast abutments and decreasing in the milled and the machined abutments. Conclusion: Cyclic fatigue exerts an effect on the dimensions of the microgap at the implant-abutment interface before and after loading; this microgap depends of the type of abutment material and the manufacturing technique.
MÚLT-JELEN-JÖVŐ a hazai mezőgazdasági talajvizsgálatokban
Authors: Vona Viktória , Bakos István Attila , Giczi Zsolt , Kalocsai Renátó , Vona Márton , Kulmány István Mihály , Centeri Csaba
Published: December 2020

The purpose of the present paper is Authors aim was to deliver a compilation of to summarize the Hungarian soil analysies methods and theas well as to present the advisory system for nutrient management advisory system. Both of them are based on several decades of work. We need to should learn from these past experiences of reasonable and good agricultural practices. We can only apply the present and future results of soil science and find out what direction should we develop, if we were aware of the results of the past and we calculate with their governing effects. The majority of our recent methods are based on historical researches and the present current statesituation of our field of scientific fieldce can only be judged and developed further if we knew the former history of the methodological findings. The recent Hungarian soil analysis system provides useful results that can be used very well today, however, the adaptation of the new international methods , learned from the follow-up of the international trends can might provide open new perspectives in for the Hungarian laboratory analyses methodology. TThe subject is extremely timely because there are hea never- met demand for cost and time effective, environmentally friendly soil analysis methods underpin how actual and hot the topic is. nowadays.
Cseresznyefák terméshozását és gyümölcsminőségét befolyásoló műtrágya kísérletek eredményei
Authors: Csihon Ádám , Gonda István , Orosz-Tóth Mihály , Kincses Sándorné , Holb Imre
Published: December 2020

Plant nutrition significantly influences yield and fruit quality in fruit orchards. In this three-year study (2016–2018), different fertilizer treatments were compared in an intensive sweet cherry orchard. Trees of cultivar ‘Carmen’ were grafted on Prunus mahaleb ‘Cema’ rootstock, and were trained to free spindle. For NP, NPK and NPKMg treatments, yield ranged between 11.8 and 16.6 kg/tree in the three years, while the yield was 9.1 kg/tree on the control trees. Crop load (fruit amount calculated to the trunk thickness) was 151–166 g cm-2 for fertilized trees, while it was 120 g cm-2 on the untreated trees. Fruit sizes of fertilized trees reached 30 mm in 2018, while the fruit sizes of control trees were smaller with 2.5 mm. Water-soluble dry matter content (%) of the fertilized trees was lower in 2016 and 2017, but higher in 2018 compared to the control plots. In 2017 and 2018, fertilizer treatments resulted in an increase of the content of phosphorus (16–70%), potassium (4–22%) and magnesium (12–43%) in the fruits compared to control plots.
Hale Video Supplement
Authors: Hale Alex G.C.
Published: December 2020

Click here to view Video Supplement
The role of interregional relationships in research talent development
Authors:   nstitute of Economics, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ekaterinburg, Russia, Naumov Ilya V. ,   Ural State Mining University, Ekaterinburg, Russia,   Ural State Economic University, Ekaterinburg, Russia, Barybina Anna Z. ,   Institute of Economics, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ekaterinburg, Russia;
Published: December 2020

The relevance of research. Workforce quality is paramount to the development of innovative economy and socio-economic development of territorial systems. Not all regions, however, are able to train sufficient R&D personnel to meet the needs of their innovative economies. The lack of research talent can be compensated by establishing cooperative relationships with other territorial systems. Therefore, it is important to study the existing interregional interconnections in the development of research talent and to identify the key priorities in this sphere. The aim of the study is to demonstrate the relationship between the indicators of development of research talent in different regions and their innovative activity. Data and Methods. The study uses spatial econometric modeling tools and methods for calculating global and local spatial autocorrelation indices of Moran P. and their dispersion diagrams. The spatial autocorrelation was calculated by using a standardized matrix of distances along the roads between the regional administrative centers. As a result of the analysis, a close relationship was found between the indicators of development of research talent in Russian regions and their innovative activity. The constructed regression model based on spatial data lead us to the conclusion that efficient innovative development requires a pool of STEM talent in the regions, which means that it is necessary to provide sufficient opportunities for training and education in this sphere. Conclusions. The study of the interconnections between the regions using the improved method of spatial autocorrelation of P. Moran revealed a cluster of closely interconnected regions (Moscow - St. Petersburg - Moscow region - Nizhny Novgorod region - Ryazan region - Ivanovo region - Tver region - Kostroma region - Tula region) and three potential clusters: ‘Volga’, ‘Ural’, and ‘Siberia’.
Smart city development projects in the Republic of Korea
Authors:   State Administration of Information Technologies and Communications, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan, Choi Young-Sang
Published: December 2020

Research relevance. The article discusses the experience of South Korea in the sphere of smart city projects. The study's relevance is determined, on the one hand, by the role smart cities play in the creation of the new urban living space, in enhancement of urban economy and, on the other, by the need to analyze and systematize the best practices of smart city development. Research aim. The study describes the development of the 'smart city' concept in South Korea. Smart city is understood as a complex eco-system, which, on the one hand, comprises a range of technological and socio-economic processes and, on the other, involves such actors as government, corporations, research organizations and urban communities. Data and methodology. The study relies on methods of comparative and evolutionary analysis to analyze the concept of smart city and its structure by focusing on the case of South Korea, the world's renowned ICT leader. The study also provides cross-national comparisons of the experience of other developed Asian countries (Japan and China), which, like South Korea, are actively supporting building of smart cities on the state level. Results. The study describes the main stages in the development of the smart city concept in South Korea as well as the main types of smart city projects (pilot projects, research validation projects, and city restoration projects). The study identifies problems of planning, design and implementation of smart city projects and compares the relevant experience of South Korea, Japan and China. It is shown that although smart city projects in these countries were launched in approximately the same period, each of these countries has its own approach to smart cities and ways of their development. Conclusions. The key to Korea's success in smart city development lies in large-scale direct state support, public trust in the government and the application of an integrated approach to smart city development. At the current stage, smart city services not only provide enhanced comfort to city dwellers but also create more opportunities for their personal growth.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE PUBLICATION LANGUAGE AND ITS IMPACT ON PUBLIC AND COLLECTIVE HEALTH
Authors: Santos Solange Maria dos , Fraumann Grischa , Belli Simone , Mugnaini Rogério
Published: December 2020

Objective: The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between scientific output published in a native language and its degree of exposure and impact on Public and Collective Health. Methods: This bibliometric study was carried out on the basis of the scientific production from the most prolific countries that are members of the SciELO Network, in Public and Collective Health, in the period 2011-2015. The data was collected from the SciELO Citation Index database (SciELO CI) and the citations were analysed by language and source. Findings: Brazilian publications in Portuguese had the greatest citation impact in the same language (55.7%), while its publications in English had 47.9% of impact in Portuguese and 34.4% in Spanish publications (34.4%). The impact on the national language is also significant to Colombian and Spanish publications. To Spain, the percentage of citing articles in Spanish for papers in the same language is more than twice that of its impact in English. To US-American articles, 42.5% of the citations are in a native language when published in English. Cuban and Peruvian publications presented more than 90% of their impact in the national language. In contrast, the USA and Brazil presented greater citation impact on other languages, especially when publishing in Spanish. Conclusion: The extent of the exposure of a publication language varies in accordance with the country´s scientific output. In the case of Brazilian and US-American publications, the effects on audiences in other languages can be measured by the citation impact. Furthermore, the degree of exposure offered by SciELO CI makes it useful for evaluation,  particularly for publications in the national language.
Induction of osteogenesis in bone tumour cells by purine-conjugated zinc-hydroxyapatite
Authors: Meshkini Azadeh , Sistanipour Elnaz , Oveisi Hamid , Asoodeh Ahmad
Published: December 2020

This study aimed to improve the biocompatibility and osteogenic property of hydroxyapatite (HAP). So HAP nanoparticles were doped with zinc (Zn), and their surface was modified with a purine nucleotide, guanosine 5′-triphosphate (GTP). GTP-loaded nanoparticles (GTP@ZnHAP) were characterised by field emission scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared, thermogravimetric analysis, zeta potential and ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy. Biological experiments revealed that GTP@ZnHAP nanoparticles were internalised by the cells, inhibiting tumour cell (osteoblast-like cells, Saos-2) expansion with an efficiency more than that observed for ZnHAP nanoparticles and GTP alone. Furthermore, Saos-2 cells were committed to differentiate into the normal osteoblast cells under the influence of GTP@ZnHAP nanoparticles demonstrated by the quantitative assessment of bone-related protein expression (Runx2 and osteocalcin) and cell morphological changes. Moreover, high-performance liquid chromatography analyses disclosed a significant enhancement of intracellular GTP content in GTP@ZnHAP-treated cells, proposing perturbation of intracellular nucleotide equilibrium during the process of osteogenesis induced by GTP@ZnHAP nanoparticles. Overall, GTP@ZnHAP exhibits a better synergistic effect on the modulation of cell growth and induction of osteogenic differentiation in osteosarcoma cells than ZnHAP nanoparticles and GTP alone do. Therefore, GTP@ZnHAP may be regarded as a promising biomaterial for the treatment of bone-related diseases.
Malinche: o poder do feminino no entrecruzamento de literatura e história a propósito de O que querem os deuses
Authors: Soares da Silva Giacomolli Dóris Helena
Published: December 2020

Há relações entre literatura e história referentes ao entrecruzamento dos discursos histórico e literário, no âmbito de diferentes gêneros. Esse é um estudo sobre a obra literária O que querem os deuses que vem recontar uma nova versão dos fatos históricos e reviver a figura de Malinche em um mundo fictício em que essa passa a habitar e a promover um intenso diálogo entre a literatura e a história, apagando as possíveis e frágeis fronteiras entre as duas, uma vez que a personagem leva com ela o tempo, os vestígios e artefatos históricos, estendendo-se por uma tênue linha que separa a realidade objetiva da realidade ficcional. Apesar dos “esquecimentos,” das heterogeneidades, dos recuos e disjunções em torno da figura de Malinche pode-se perceber que o que se procura esconder sobre sua figura teve importância capital. O romance O que querem os deuses, ao recuperar sua memória, e ao fazê-la ultrapassar o portal entre história e literatura, permite que Malinche carregue consigo uma representação feminina que se re-constitui nas relações estabelecidas de poder.
Quarto de despejo: onde há poder, há resistência
Authors: Santos Ana Laura Perenha , Coito Roselene De Fátima
Published: December 2020

No livro “A ordem do discurso”, o filósofo francês Michel Foucault discute como o discurso se dissemina em diferentes sociedades. Ao abordar os procedimentos discursivos, o filósofo argui que o discurso é controlado. Estes procedimentos de controle se dão por mecanismos externos e internos do dizer, sendo os externos a interdição, a separação e a vontade de verdade e os internos se referem ao tabu do objeto e ao direito privilegiado de quem fala. Neste movimento dos mecanismos de controle abordaremos o texto de Carolina Maria de Jesus, Quarto de despejo, com o objetivo de discutir os conceitos já mencionados. O mecanismo externo, no caso aqui a crítica literária que dita quem tem o direito de dizer no dizer literário e no mecanismo interno, quando a língua é um fator de determinância de interdição externa ao “direito” da autoria.
O papel que aprisiona
Authors: Prestes de Oliveira Juliana , Cayann Teixeira Dutra Nícollas , Jacobsen de Oliveira Amanda Laís , Peres Alós Anselmo
Published: December 2020

Este trabalho busca refletir acerca dos significados presentes no conto “O papel de parede amarelo”, de Charlotte Perkins Gilman (2017), publicado em 1892. Intenta-se, também, entender como são discutidos, no texto, os aprisionamentos das mulheres a papéis sociais. Por meio de uma narrativa em primeira pessoa, no conto é possível conhecer a história de uma personagem mulher que foi forçada ao confinamento por seu marido e médico, John. A escolha do marido em fazer isso se dá com a intenção de curá-la de uma depressão nervosa e, assim, a proíbe de fazer qualquer esforço físico ou mental. Por meio da teoria de Laqueur (2001) sobre a invenção do sexo, compreende-se que o discurso científico é apresentado no texto como uma ferramenta de poder, pelo qual mulheres eram mantidas presas aos papéis sociais de esposa e mãe. A teoria de Luce Irigaray (1992) auxilia no entendimento sobre a linguagem como meio de manutenção do patriarcado, por isso a dificuldade da protagonista em libertar-se com auxílio da escrita sobre si. Ao ficar aprisionada em um quarto decorado com um horroroso papel de parede amarelo, a protagonista fica obcecada pela estampa do mesmo, discorrendo sobre ele e seus padrões. Tal narrativa permite traçar paralelos com as situações vivenciadas por ela, enquanto mulher e esposa, e por várias mulheres, em nossa sociedade. Além disso, nela é possível perceber a imposição de papéis sociais como uma das práticas usadas pelo patriarcalismo para subjugar e determinar o comportamento feminino.
Produção de Face Shields utilizando a manufatura aditiva: m auxílio para o combate ao Covid-19
Authors: Leites Souza Gabriel , Oliveira José Lucas Lourenssi , Rosa Fabiano Alberto , Da Rosa Vitor Sales Dias
Published: December 2020

Com a crise epidemiológica enfrentada nesse momento pela população brasileira, faz-se necessário utilizar as IES (instituições de Ensino Superior), que possuem conhecimentos acumulados para auxiliar no combate ao Covid-19. O IFSC, por meio de suas práticas de extensão e com a infraestrutura e equipamentos disponíveis no campus, é possível ofertar à comunidade itens de primeira necessidade médica e auxiliá-la. Nesse contexto, foi desenvolvido um projeto utilizando a manufatura aditiva para a produção de Face Shields. Em vista disso, o projeto buscou empregar a tecnologia de impressão 3D para planejar e fabricar protetores faciais. Utilizou-se como base um modelo já existente no mercado e, a partir disso, foram realizadas algumas alterações buscando otimizar o processo e reduzir custos de fabricação. Ao final, os protetores foram doados aos profissionais de saúde do município de Caçador-SC para auxiliá-los no combate ao Covid-19.
Análise da capacidade operacional de um processo logístico ferroviário através do estudo de tempos e movimentos
Authors: Drumond Guilherme Silva , Costa Roberta Assis , Neto Luigi Guarino , Alves Fernanda Diniz , Silva Marcus Vinícius Damacena
Published: December 2020

A crescente competitividade e a busca pela eliminação de desperdícios e redução de custos têm levado diversas organizações a avaliarem seus processos, a fim de maximizar a produtividade, aumentar sua eficiência operacional e garantir estabilidade no mercado. O presente trabalho fundamentou-se na metodologia do estudo de tempos e movimentos, buscando identificar a capacidade operacional de um processo logístico de carregamento ferroviário de produtos de aço. A aplicação da metodologia possibilitou avaliar sistematicamente a execução das atividades, permitindo identificar oportunidades de aumento de capacidade logística. Para alcançar os objetivos da pesquisa utilizou-se uma abordagem quantitativa e qualitativa, visando a partir da aplicação de cronometragens e observação, determinar o tempo padrão e a capacidade operacional, além de identificar oportunidades de eliminação de desperdícios. Os resultados mostram a eficácia na utilização da metodologia de tempos e movimentos contribuindo para aumento de produtividade e ganhos associados.
Coğrafya bölümü öğrencilerinin çevrimiçi öğrenmeye karşı tutumları
Authors: SARIBAŞ Mustafa , MEYDAN Ali
Published: December 2020

Mart 2020 tarihinden itibaren Türkiye’de görülmeye başlayan Covid-19 Salgını nedeniyle üniversitelerde yüz yüze eğitim yapan coğrafya bölümleri üniversitelerin teknolojik altyapıları doğrultusunda çevrimiçi eğitime geçmek zorunda kalmışlardır. Beşeri ve fiziki unsurları hem teorik hem de uygulamalı çalışmalarla inceleyen coğrafya biliminin çevrimiçi öğrenme uygulamaları da farklılık göstermek zorundadır. Bu araştırmada yüz yüze coğrafya eğitimi alırken Covid-19’un getirdiği zorunlu şartlardan dolayı çevrimiçi eğitim almak zorunda kalan coğrafya öğrencilerinin çevrimiçi öğrenmeye karşı tutumları araştırılmıştır. Araştırma İç Anadolu Bölgesi’nde bulunan bir devlet üniversitesinde coğrafya bölümünde okuyan öğrencilerle birlikte gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak “Çevrimiçi Öğrenme Tutum Ölçeği” kullanılmış olup araştırmada elde edilen veriler SPSS 25.0 paket programında analiz edilmiştir. Araştırmada çevrimiçi öğrenmeye karşı tutumda ortaya çıkan genel ortalama puan 56 olup, coğrafya öğrencilerinin çevrimiçi öğrenmeye karşı düşük tutum içerisinde oldukları ortaya çıkmıştır. Coğrafya öğrencilerinin çevrimiçi öğrenme tutum ölçeğinde en az katılım gösterdiği ifade “çoğu öğrenci çevrimiçi öğrenmeyi yüz yüzeye tercih eder” cümlesi olup, öğrencilerin yüz yüze eğitime karşılık çevrimiçi öğrenmeyi tercih etmedikleri ortaya çıkmıştır. Çevrimiçi öğrenmeye karşı erkek öğrenciler kız öğrencilere göre daha olumlu tutum içerisindedir. Evinde kendine ait çalışma odası bulunan öğrenciler bulunmayan öğrencilere göre çevrimiçi öğrenmeye karşı daha olumlu tutuma sahiptir.
Frack[in]g
Authors: Diaz James
Published: December 2020

El título de la obra hace referencia directa a la técnica de fracturación hidráulica, o comúnmente conocida por su término en inglés, Fracking. La decisión de mantener el título en su idioma original es con el fin de establecer un vínculo con el origen y desarrollo de dicha técnica por compañías estadounidenses y canadienses. La obra usa diferentes analogías de las técnicas y procedimientos del fracking pero sin pretensión alguna de recrear o simular dicho procedimiento de forma explícita o directa.

El título en sí mismo ha pasado por un proceso simple de fragmentación. Mediante el uso de los corchetes la palabra originalmente de dos sílabas, ahora de tres (la obra puede ser dividida en tres secciones principales, ABC), cobra un significado directamente relacionado con estructuras musicales clásicas. “Frack in G” evoca la forma tradicional de categorización de las obras tonales de la denominada práctica común. La idea de un ente, o sonido, como centro de foco y jerarquía a lo largo de la obra es utilizado en esta composición como generador de referencialidad. Sin embargo, y aunque la armonía está basada en la escala microtonal de veinticuatro sonidos, a lo largo de toda la composición no fue utilizado dicho tono (sol), en ninguno de sus registros.

Tomando como referente el diseño gráfico o mapa de la técnica del fracking, el cual es similar al de un árbol y sus ramas, se acuña la idea de construcción “anti-orgánica”. Por ejemplo, las texturas son construidas o presentadas como una masa de sonidos superpuestos fluctuantes que van desapareciendo o filtrando de tal forma que al final de la sección podemos observar únicamente elementos básicos de la textura. En otras palabras, las texturas parten desde su forma “desarrollada” y “regresan” o “descomponen” hasta su forma más básica. Igualmente, elementos como el frullato, trémolos y glissandi, son utilizados para la distorsión de las alturas, de tal forma que se perciben más como gestos sonoros. A su vez, pasajes no sincronizados e indeterminados distorsionan la claridad de la armonía y de las estructuras formales en pequeña y mediana escala.

Los tres redoblantes que inician fuera del escenario crean un paralelo de un ente externo, y poco definido en altura y ritmo, que poco a poco ingresa de forma invasiva. Una vez completada esta acción la orquesta en si misma es ahora generadora de componentes que incluyen más ruido. En respuesta, la orquesta comprimida alrededor de la misma altura (re), genera un momento de gran saturación que llena completamente el espectro orquestal.

En la sección de cierre presenta pasajes de una mayor claridad armónica y melódica que se superponen con sonidos inestables e impredecibles. Esta sección de cierre es a su vez fragmentada, no por medio de una constante filtración de los sonidos, sino por la separación de sus frases mediante silencio. El silencio opera como sustituto de resolución.
Insights into the integration of environmental education in the senior phase
Authors: SİKHOSANA Lettah , MUDAU Awelani V , MSEZANE Sıkhulıle Bongınkosı
Published: December 2020

The aim of this paper was to explore how and why senior phase teachers are capable or incapable of integrating environmental education in teaching and learning process. From anecdotal evidence during the work integrated learning process, it was observed that teachers do not necessarily integrate environmental education, and this became the purpose of the study to find out why they do not. Consequently, a research method used was qualitative interpretative multiple case study design in one of the districts of the Mpumalanga province in South Africa. We selected three teachers who separately teach life orientation, natural sciences, and technology in grade 7 as participants from the schools. Data collection tools were interviews and observations. Teachers were interviewed in their schools and some of their lessons were observed. Data was analysed using a typology approach. We inferred from the results and findings of the paper that these teachers had problems with the integration of environmental education. The problems ranged from the lack of understanding of what is environmental education to misconceptions of the concepts of environment and environmental education. With these challenges it is not surprising that even the ones that could integrate were not aware that they did integrate environmental education. It is therefore suggested that it was not a lost cause at all as they had glimpses of how to integrate environmental education which argues well for the recommendation that the micro foundation of in-service interventions to capacitate teachers on how to integrate environmental education across all the subjects should be done. Further studies are recommended on the effectiveness of the in-service workshops that focuses on the integration of environmental education.
Pseudotyping lentiviral particles with SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein for neutralization assays v1
Authors: H. D. Crawford Katharine , Eguia Rachel , S. Dingens Adam , N. Loes Andrea , D. Bloom Jesse
Published: December 2020

SARS-CoV-2 enters cells using its Spike protein, which is also the main target of neutralizing antibodies. Therefore, assays to measure how antibodies and sera affect Spike-mediated viral infection are important for studying immunity. Because SARS-CoV-2 is a biosafety-level-3 virus, one way to simplify such assays is to pseudotype biosafety-level-2 viral particles with Spike. Such pseudotyping has now been described for single-cycle lentiviral, retroviral and VSV particles, but the reagents and protocols are not widely available. Here we detail how to effectively pseudotype lentiviral particles with SARS-CoV-2 Spike and infect 293T cells engineered to express the SARS-CoV-2 receptor, ACE2. We also make all the key experimental reagents available in the BEI Resources repository of ATCC and the NIH. Furthermore, we demonstrate how these pseudotyped lentiviral particles can be used to measure the neutralizing activity of human sera or plasma against SARS-CoV-2 in convenient luciferase-based assays, thereby providing a valuable complement to ELISA-based methods that measure antibody binding rather than neutralization.
Full-UDG treated double-stranded ancient DNA library preparation for Illumina sequencing v1
Authors: Aron Franziska , U Neumann Gunnar , Brandt Guido
Published: December 2020

Protocol for the preparation of double-stranded genomic libraries for Illumina sequencing, optimised for ancient DNA (aDNA) with initial USER enzyme treatment. This protocol generates adapter ligated DNA fragments that can be used in conjunction with downstream indexing protocols. The initial treatment with UDG (USER) removes molecular 'damage' in the form of deaminated cytosines characteristic of aDNA. This protocol is modified after Meyer & Kircher (2010) Cold Spring Harb. Protoc. (doi: 10.1101/pdb.prot5448) and Briggs et al. (2010) Nucleic Acids Research 38 (6) (doi: 10.1093/nar/gkp1163)
XPRIZE SANATA Protocol for Saliva LFIA Test v3
Authors: Thomas Mario , Sollen Jasmine , Ivanova Natalia , Feng Michelle , Fayek Reda , Abdilla Heidi , Lim Stephanie , Naaum Amanda
Published: December 2020

This procedure outlines the protocol for testing for SARS-CoV-2 using a saliva sample collected from an individual. The purpose of this test is to detect low levels of SARS-CoV-2 antigen at a higher sensitivity. Precision Biomonitoring Inc. developed an ultra-rapid digital, disposable, highly-sensitive and inexpensive testing device used for screening purposes. The mobile app complementary to this medical device is connected through Bluetooth. Using this innovation, the user can be tested at point-of-care (POC) by a health care professional, and obtain qualitative results.
La gobernanza para enfrentar el problema de la desaparición de personas. Experiencias de interlocución entre familiares de personas desaparecidas y autoridades gubernamentales en los estados de Coahuila y de Nuevo León (2009-2018)
Authors: Villarreal Martínez María Teresa
Published: December 2020

Este artículo examina el esquema de interacción entablado entre los colectivos de familiares de personas desaparecidas y las autoridades gubernamentales entre 2009 y 2018 en los estados mexicanos de Coahuila y Nuevo León, y también revisa la propuesta de participación ciudadana prevista en la Ley General en Materia de Desaparición Forzada de Personas, Desaparición Cometida por Particulares y del Sistema Nacional de Búsqueda de Personas. Mediante este estudio de caso cualitativo se responde a la cuestión sobre las oportunidades de incidencia que ofrecen ambos esquemas de participación considerados como modelos de gobernanza, uno construido desde abajo por los familiares organizados, y el otro diseñado desde arriba por el Gobierno mexicano en la forma de consejos ciudadanos. Luego de revisar la puesta en marcha de estos diferentes mecanismos de gobernanza y ante la renuencia gubernamental a implementar mecanismos participativos formales sin cortapisas, se concluye que siguen siendo indispensables los espacios creados por los colectivos de familiares de víctimas para ejercer sus derechos y para mantener vigente en la agenda pública la exigencia sobre el paradero de las personas desaparecidas.
Los paisajes de la transición en Colombia. El caso del Consejo Comunitario de los ríos La Larga y Tumaradó, Chocó
Authors: Salazar Gallego Julián , García Romero Julián Esteban
Published: December 2020

Este artículo analiza la forma en que se entrelazan múltiples escenarios transicionales y conflictos de diversa índole en la cotidianidad de los habitantes del Consejo Comunitario de los Ríos La Larga y Tumaradó, Chocó. Estos escenarios son producto de dispositivos de justicia transicional que operan en el territorio colectivo los cuales operan en medio del recrudecimiento del conflicto armado como efecto colateral del escenario de transición del Acuerdo de Paz de La Habana. Se parte de la hipótesis de que la vivencia de tal proceso está marcada por la tensión entre una serie de discursos y procedimientos técnicos del sistema-Estado y expresiones o mecanismos del derecho propio y autogobierno, los cuales se ubican al margen del derecho hegemónico. Al tomar elementos analíticos de la sociología jurídica y la antropología del Estado, se logró hallar que los dispositivos de justicia transicional, al ensamblarse localmente, sufren un dislocamiento y los(as) líderes(as) viven procesos de subjetivación política étnica que generan un pluralismo jurídico transicional.
Heavy metal removal by biopolymers-based formulations with native potato starch/nopal mucilage
Authors: Choque-Quispe David , Ramos-Pacheco Betsy Suri , Ligarda-Samanez Carlos Alberto , Barboza-Palomino Gloria Inés , Kari-Ferro Aydeé , Taipe-Pardo Fredy , Choque-Quispe Yudith
Published: December 2020

The contamination of water bodies by heavy metals is a critical problem for human health and ecosystems, and it can bioaccumulate in organisms to toxic levels and even lead to the living being’s death. This research aimed to synthesize and characterize a biopolymer with the capacity to remove heavy metals in wastewater, elaborated from potato starch, glycerin, and nopal mucilage. Native potato starch of the Allcca sipas variety was extracted by conventional methods; the mucilage was extracted with ethanol. Four formulations of biopolymers were synthesized at 60 and 70 °C. The solubility, structural characteristics, and adsorption capacity of heavy metals were evaluated. Starch, mucilage, and biopolymers presented predominant functional groups as -OH, -C-O-, -NH-, -C-H-, -C-OH determined by FTIR, allowing to remove up to 50.18% of Al, 56.81% of As, 35.95% of Cr, 37.43% of Hg and 73.22% of Pb determined through an ICPE-OES, for a contact time of 100 minutes at pH 5.0, heavy metal removal and solubility were significantly influenced (p-value < 0.05) by the addition of starch and mucilage. The synthesized biopolymers present a high capacity for heavy metal removal in wastewater.
COBERTURA DE LOS SERVICIOS DE SALUD BUCAL EN MEDELLÍN, 2015
Authors: Restrepo Zea Jairo Humberto , Castro García Paula Andrea , Casas Bustamante Lina Patricia , Betancur Romero John Edison , López Hernández Mayra Alejandra , Moreno López Carolina , Rangel Valencia Vanessa
Published: December 2020

Introducción: a pesar de los avances en la cobertura de la seguridad social en salud, la población colombiana enfrenta barreras al acceso. En salud bucal, si bien el plan de beneficios es amplio, la cobertura de los servicios a cargo de las EPS es baja. Objetivo: analizar la cobertura de los servicios odontológicos entre la población afiliada en Medellín en 2015. Métodos: estudio mixto con un componente central cuantitativo para estimar la cobertura esperada, según necesidad normativa y necesidad expresada, y la cobertura real a partir de registros de prestación de servicios de los afiliados que en 2015 accedieron a servicios odontológicos en la red de seis EPS. También se desarrolló un componente cualitativo, a partir de entrevistas a referentes de salud bucal en las EPS. Resultados: para atender las necesidades de la población afiliada se requerían en el año 9.6 millones de actividades de protección específica y detección temprana, siguiendo los lineamientos normativos, y 6.8 millones de actividades para atender los diagnósticos de caries y periodontitis. La cobertura real apenas habría sido del 10,6%, y en las EPS del estudio entre 16% y 23%. Conclusión: la brecha entre los servicios necesarios y los prestados supera el 70%, lo cual puede deberse especialmente a factores sociales y culturales y a una baja demanda inducida. A la par con mayores recursos, esto debe ser tenido en cuenta para mejorar la cobertura y lograr un mayor impacto en salud bucal.
PROCEDIMIENTOS ORTODÓNTICOS MECÁNICOS Y NO MECÁNICOS EN RECIDIVA Y RETENCIÓN: REVISIÓN DE COBERTURA TEMÁTICA
Authors: Jaimes-Monroy Gustavo , Jiménez-Albarracín Maria Teresa , Manga-Escorcia Edwin Alfredo , Montero-Hincapie Libia Adriana , Portela-Suárez Ernesto José , Longlax-Triana María Carolina
Published: December 2020

Introducción: la estabilidad postortodóncica es uno de los objetivos que persigue el ortodoncista. Esta temática siempre ha tenido una importancia relevante en la ortodoncia y requiere continuo análisis de sus avances y contenidos. Métodos: mediante una revisión panorámica y analítica de citas y palabras clave desde Web of Science, se establece un cuerpo de información con base en el cual se plantea el avance actual de la investigación en este campo. Resultados: en el análisis emergen varios campos de investigación que tienen que ver con la cirugía como medio de abordaje, los conceptos moleculares, las experiencias de los ortodoncistas en la práctica profesional y el uso de láser y otras aplicaciones. Conclusiones: dentro de la ortodoncia, la información sobre recidiva y retención sigue vigente e invita a la construcción de trabajos en relación con las temáticas actuales para comprender este fenómeno complejo no solo para la academia, sino además para su utilidad clínica.
«Que de hoy en un año». La oralidad en una mascarada: Los Carochos de Riofrío de Aliste
Authors: Panero García María Pilar
Published: December 2020

El día 1 de enero se celebra en Riofrío de Aliste (Zamora) una mascarada u “obisparra” denominada Los Carochos en la que intervienen once personajes, algunos enmascarados, de los que dos de ellos, los carochos o diablos, son los que dan nombre al conjunto mediante una sinécdoque. La acción pre-teatral, aunque en algunos momentos se puede hablar de teatro de participación, es compleja, trepidante, bulliciosa y divertida y se desarrolla en las calles y en una plaza de la localidad convertidas en un escenario para la exaltación lúdica. Las acciones se intercalan con fórmulas, parlamentos y diálogos prestablecidos, pero no cerrados y con coplas, algunas del acervo folclórico clásico y otras nuevas cada año. La fiesta declarada de Interés Turístico Regional desde 2002 es muy conocida y se difunde en las redes y en la prensa, escrita y digital. Analizaremos que espacio ocupa la oralidad frente a la plasticidad de las máscaras en el conjunto de los medios digitales.
Post-fotografia etnografica
Authors: Perricone Rosario
Published: December 2020

È evidente come la nostra società tecnologica sia legata senza alcun dubbio alla diffusione delle immagini. Autori come Gottfried Boehm, John Mitchell, Hans Belting hanno indagato la natura dell'immagine ponendo le basi, negli anni Novanta, per l'idea di un pictorial turn, di una cultura totalmente dominata dalle immagini che è diventata adesso una possibilità tecnica reale su scala globale. Un nuovo statuto dell'immagine che si usa raccogliere sotto l'etichetta di iconic turnerinserito nel più vasto campo visual culture studies. L'uso del termine cultura accanto a quello di visuale è indicativo dell'ampiezza del campo d'indagine che visual culture studies si prefiggono di ricercare: essi non vogliono limitarsi alla constatazione della predominanza del visuale nella società contemporanea e a una valutazione della sua componente estetica, ma vogliono procedere verso una ricerca di tipo antropologico in cui la cultura visuale è analizzata come particolare stile di vita che esprime certi significati e valori non solo nell'arte e nell'alta cultura, ma anche nelle istituzioni e nel comportamento quotidiano. Proveremo ad applicare questo nuovo paradigma alle fotografie: anziché chiederci che cosa le immagini significano, proviamo a chiederci che cosa vogliono.
Conversaciones crepusculares en torno a la tradición, la cultura popular y la comunicación
Authors: Morán Rodríguez Carmen , Díaz Viana Luis
Published: December 2020

Conversación con Luis Díaz Viana en la que se abordan cuestiones acerca de la cultura, la tradición, la globalización y los medios y las redes sociales en los tiempos actuales, desde su doble faceta —indisociable— de antropólogo y de escritor de creación.
Emociones en la montaña rusa: el folklore de jóvenes y adolescentes entre las viejas y nuevas formas de expresión
Authors: Abad González Luisa
Published: December 2020

El texto explora el folklore estudiantil en su interconexión con el mundo digital y con el mantenimiento de anteriores formas de expresión del folklore. Mediante un estudio cualitativo que ha sido desarrollado a través de una etnografía colaborativa complementada con entrevistas semidirigidas a grupos de estudiantes de bachillerato y Universidad, se analiza el papel de los juegos juveniles, como los de beber y fumar, los llamados retos virales, cuyo relato va dirigido a jóvenes adolescentes, para terminar abordando la comunicación con memes como práctica social dentro del contexto de los grupos de Whatsapp.
Proceso de paz: negociaciones multilaterales para un proceso sostenible de paz (vídeo-performance)
Authors: González Villegas Jesús Algovi
Published: December 2020

“Proceso de Paz” es una vídeo-performance, de la que soy autor, realizada en 2009, cuyo elemento fundamental es el propio cuerpo. Pero es un “body art” uniformado con un pasamontañas y las desnudas palomas del parque de María Luisa. Una pieza muy sencilla, pero a su vez efec­tiva, como metáfora (no exenta de sarcasmo), sobre la situación contemporánea de la política internacional. La paradoja de un símbolo militar o de poder (el uniforme militar y el anonimato del pasamontañas) que ejerce una sensación de miedo, ya sea por la utilización desde el terror o el ámbito de la autoridad militar o policial. Esta figura cuya imagen condensa una amenaza o violencia, alimentando y atrayendo paulatinamente a las palomas, símbolo tradicional e icono de la paz. Metáfora sobre la violencia ejercida por los estados con grandes eventos eufemísticos de paz, conceptos de guerra preventiva o una impostada libertad.