bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Measuring behavioral biases in individual investors decision-making and sociodemographic correlations: a systematic review
Authors: de Oliveira Cardoso Nicolas , Zorgi Salvador Eduarda , Broch Gustavo , Mette Frederike Monika Budiner , Yoshinaga Claudia Emiko , de Lara Machado Wagner
Published: November 2023

Purpose

This paper aims to identify the impacts of sociodemographic covariates on behavioural biases (BB) scores; the psychometric evidence of the BB measurement instruments; and the main BB that influences the decision-making of individual investors.

Design/methodology/approach

Papers were retrieved through search using keywords in ten databases. This systematic review is based on 69 peer-reviewed papers, most of which were published between 2017 and 2021. The relevance of the included papers was assessed through the analysis of statistical/psychometric methods used, and content analysis of the BB literature and its sociodemographic correlations.

Findings

Overconfidence is higher in men and not related to age. There was no consensus regarding the relationship between BB and other sociodemographic variables. Most measuring instruments are ad hoc, showing ≤ 4 types of psychometric evidence and assessing ≤ 9 BB. Therefore, the findings demonstrate that there is no gold standard instrument for measuring investors’ BB. Furthermore, 37 BB were cited as influencers of individual investors’ decision-making and overconfidence, herding, anchoring, representativeness and loss aversion were the most prevalent.

Research limitations/implications

Considering that very few systematic reviews have been published in the behavioural finance area, this paper highlights the current state-of-the-art and identifies significant gaps in the literature that can be explored by further research.

Originality/value

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first systematic review that analyses the psychometric properties of instruments used for individual investors BB assessment.
Risk preference, payday loans and other alternative financial services
Authors: Wang Song
Published: November 2023

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to examine how individual risk preference influences the borrowing of payday loans – a prevalent type of cash loan in the USA with exorbitantly high-interest rates. Additionally, this paper tests how risk preference determines other alternative financial services (AFS), including pawn shops, rent-to-own purchases, title loans, etc.

Design/methodology/approach

The author applies Probit and Tobit regressions to test the relationship between individual risk preference and payday borrowing, based on the state-by-state survey data from National Financial Capability Study (NFCS) sponsored by Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA) Investor Education Foundation.

Findings

Individuals with higher risk tolerance are more likely to borrow payday loans and other AFS, after controlling for financial situation, financial literacy, overconfidence and demographic features.

Originality/value

This paper is the first to study risk preference as an explanation to the high cost and widely used payday loan services in the United States of America. This study provides evidence that these cash loans are determined by inherent human characteristics. The finding provides new insight for the policymakers and regulators in the consumer debt market.
Does service journey quality explain omnichannel shoppers' online engagement behaviors? The role of customer-store identification and gratitude toward the store
Authors: Natarajan Thamaraiselvan , Veera Raghavan Deepak Ramanan
Published: November 2023

Purpose

The different dimensions of the online engagement behaviors exhibited by omnichannel shoppers, who mainly rely on the online channel for information search, are still understudied. This study aims to investigate how service journey quality (SJQ) has an impact on the overall omnichannel customer experience leading to customer identification (CI) with the store, subsequently leading to their exhibition of online engagement behaviors (writing online reviews, blogging, rating products and service online and indulging in customer-to-customer online interactions.

Design/methodology/approach

The research is cross-sectional, quantitative and descriptive. Purposive sampling was used to choose the research's participants. Data were collected from 591 Indian omnichannel customers who had previously made an omnichannel purchase that included the concurrent usage of various channels of a retailer using a verified self-administered survey. Using the Smart PLS 4.0 software, the proposed conceptual model has been evaluated.

Findings

The results indicate that omnichannel customer experience mediates the relationship between SJQ and CI with the store, subsequently leading to their exhibition of online engagement behaviors (writing online reviews, blogging, rating products and service online and indulging in customer-to-customer online interactions). The perceived customer gratitude toward the store significantly and positively moderated the direct relationship between SJQ and different online engagement behaviors (writing online reviews, blogging, rating products and service online and indulging in customer-to-customer online interactions).

Research limitations/implications

The study relied upon the omnichannel shoppers of only Indian population and relied on a cross-sectional data collection procedure for this research.

Originality/value

Post-pandemic, with highly dynamic shifts in customer preferences, the need for channel-agnostic shopping leading to the unpredictability of purchase patterns has made SJQ the only dimension to achieve sustainable loyalty intentions through value co-creation in an omnichannel retail context. Emphasizing post-purchase behaviors like different online engagement behaviors (writing online reviews, blogging, rating products and services online and indulging in customer-to-customer online interactions), this study is the first to show that SJQ might affect four different online customer engagement behaviors through omnichannel shopping experience and CI with the store. The moderating effect of customer-perceived gratitude toward the retailer on a few proposed hypotheses was also tested to give managerial recommendations. The study also answers the call to investigate the moderating role of customer gratitude in determining service quality-driven engagement behaviors.
Texture and Geochemistry of Multi‐stage Hydrothermal Scheelite in the Mamupu Cu‐Au‐Mo(‐W) Deposit, Eastern Tibet: Implications for Tungsten Mineralization in the Yulong Belt
Authors: ZHANG Xiaoxu , TANG Juxing , LIN Bin , WANG Qin , HE Liang , YAN Gang , SHAO Rui , WU Qiang , DU Qiu , ZHAXI Pingcuo
Published: November 2023

Multistage tungsten mineralization was recently discovered in the Mamupu copper‐polymetallic deposit in the southern Yulong porphyry copper belt (YPCB), Tibet. This study reports the results of cathodoluminescence, trace element and Sr isotope analyses of Mamupu scheelite samples, undertaken in order to better constrain the mechanism of W mineralization and the sources of the ore‐forming fluids. Three different types of scheelite are identified in the Mamupu deposit: scheelite A (Sch A) mainly occurs in breccias during the prograde stage, scheelite B (Sch B) forms in the chlorite‐epidote alteration zone in the retrograde stage, while scheelite C (Sch C) occurs in distal quartz sulfide veins. The extremely high Mo content and negative Eu anomaly in Sch A represent high oxygen fugacity in the prograde stage. Compared with ore‐related porphyries, Sch A has a similar REE pattern, but with higher ΣREE, more depleted HREE and slightly lower (87Sr/86Sr)i ratios. These features suggest that Sch A is genetically related to ore‐related porphyries, but extensive interaction with carbonate surrounding rocks affects the final REE and Sr isotopic composition. Sch B shows dark (Sch B‐I) and light (Sch B‐II) domains under CL imaging. From Sch B‐I to Sch B‐II, LREEs are gradually depleted, with MREEs being gradually enriched. Sch C has the highest LREE/HREE ratio, which indicates that it inherited the geochemical characteristics of fluids after the precipitation of HREE‐rich minerals, such as diopside and garnet, in the early prograde stage. The Mo content in Sch B and Sch C gradually decreased, indicating that the oxygen fugacity of the fluids changed from oxidative in the early stages to reductive in the later, the turbulent Eu anomaly in Sch B and Sch C indicating that the Eu anomaly in the Mamupu scheelite is not solely controlled by oxygen fugacity. The extensive interaction of magmatic‐hydrothermal fluids and carbonate provides the necessary Ca2+ for the precipitation of scheelite in the Mamupu deposit.
Early Neoproterozoic Granite‐Gneisses of the Junggar Alataw (Southeastern Kazakhstan): Age, Petrogenesis and Tectonic Implications
Authors: KANYGINA Nadezhda , TRETYAKOV Andrey , ALEXEIEV Dmitriy , DEGTYAREV Kirill , SKOBLENKO Anfisa , SOLOSHENKO Natalia , ERMOLAEV Boris
Published: November 2023

The combined petrographic, petrological, geochemical and geochronological study of the Neoproterozoic gneisses of the Sarychabyn and Baskan complexes of the Junggar Alataw of South Kazakhstan elucidate the Precambrian tectonic evolution of the Aktau–Yili terrane. It is one of the largest Precambrian crustal blocks in the western Central Asian orogenic belt. The U‐Pb single‐grain zircon ages indicate that granite‐gneisses formed from the same source and crystallised in the early Neoproterozoic ca. 930–920 Ma. The chemical composition of gneisses corresponds to A2‐type granites. The whole‐rock Nd isotopic characteristics (εNd(t) = –4.9 to –1.0 and TNd(DM‐2st) = 1.9 to 1.7 Ga) indicate the involvement of Paleoproterozoic crustal rocks in magma generation. Early Neoproterozoic ca. 930–920 Ma A‐type granitoids in the Aktau–Yili terrane of South and Central Kazakhstan might reflect within‐plate magmatism adjacent to the collisional belt or a local extension setting in back‐arc areas of the continental arc.
Chronological Study of Coal‐seam Water and its Implication on Gas Production in the South Qinshui Basin
Authors: CHEN Biying , FANG Lujia , LANG Yunchao , XU Sheng , LIU Congqiang , ZHANG Luyuan , HOU Xiaolin
Published: November 2023

The knowledge of the residence time of formation water is fundamental to understanding the subsurface flow and hydrological setting. To better identify the origin and evolution of coal seam water and its impact on gas storage and production, this study collected coalbed methane co‐produced water in the southeast Qinshui Basin and detected chemical and isotopic compositions, especially 36Cl and 129I concentrations. The calculated tracer ages of 129I (5.2–50.6 Ma) and 36Cl (0.13–0.76 Ma) are significantly younger than the age of coal‐bearing formation (Pennsylvanian ‐ Cisuralian), indicating freshwater recharge after coal deposition. The model that utilises 129I/I and 36Cl/Cl ratios to constrain the timing of recharge and the proportion of recharge water reveals that over 60% of pre‐anthropogenic meteoric water entered coal seams since 10 Ma and mixed with residue initial deposition water, corresponding to the basin inversion in Cenozoic. The spatial distribution of major ion concentrations reveals the primary recharge pathway for meteoric water from coal outcrops at the eastern margin to the basin center. This study demonstrates the occurrence of higher gas production rates from wells that accept water recharge in recent times and suggests the possible potential of the non‐stagnant zones for high gas production.
Robust imaging approach for precise prediction of postoperative lung function in lung cancer patients prior to curative operation
Authors: Kim Suho , Kim Jonghoon , Jeong Uichan , Oh You Jin , Park Sung Goo , Lee Ho Yun
Published: November 2023

Background

To create a combined variable integrating both ventilation and perfusion as measured by preoperative dual‐energy computed tomography (DECT), compare the results with predicted postoperative (PPO) lung function as estimated using conventional methods, and assess agreement with actual postoperative lung function.

Methods

A total of 33 patients with lung cancer who underwent curative surgery after DECT and perfusion scan were selected. Ventilation and perfusion values were generated from DECT data. In the “combined variable method,” these two variables and clinical variables were linearly regressed to estimate PPO lung function. Six PPO lung function parameters (segment counting, perfusion scan, volume analysis, ventilation map, perfusion map, and combined variable) were compared with actual postoperative lung function using an intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC).

Results

The segment counting method produced the highest ICC for forced vital capacity (FVC) at 0.93 (p < 0.05), while the segment counting and perfusion map methods produced the highest ICC for forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1; both 0.89, p < 0.05). The highest ICC value when using the combined variable method was for FEV1/FVC (0.75, p < 0.05) and diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLco; 0.80, p < 0.05) when using the perfusion map method. Overall, the perfusion map and ventilation map provided the best performance, followed by volume analysis, segment counting, perfusion scan, and the combined variable.

Conclusions

Use of DECT image processing to predict postoperative lung function produced better agreement with actual postoperative lung function than conventional methods. The combined variable method produced ICC values of 0.8 or greater for FVC and FEV1.
Proteome‐wide profiling reveals dysregulated molecular features and accelerated aging in osteoporosis: A 9.8‐year prospective study
Authors: Xu Jinjian , Cai Xue , Miao Zelei , Yan Yan , Chen Danyu , Yang Zhen‐xiao , Yue Liang , Hu Wei , Zhuo Laibao , Wang Jia‐ting , Xue Zhangzhi , Fu Yuanqing , Xu Ying , Zheng Ju‐Sheng , Guo Tiannan , Chen Yu‐ming
Published: November 2023

The role of circulatory proteomics in osteoporosis is unclear. Proteome‐wide profiling holds the potential to offer mechanistic insights into osteoporosis. Serum proteome with 413 proteins was profiled by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) at baseline, and the 2nd, and 3rd follow‐ups (7704 person‐tests) in the prospective Chinese cohorts with 9.8 follow‐up years: discovery cohort (n = 1785) and internal validation cohort (n = 1630). Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured using dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry (DXA) at follow‐ups 1 through 3 at lumbar spine (LS) and femoral neck (FN). We used the Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LightGBM) to identify the osteoporosis (OP)‐related proteomic features. The relationships between serum proteins and BMD in the two cohorts were estimated by linear mixed‐effects model (LMM). Meta‐analysis was then performed to explore the combined associations. We identified 53 proteins associated with osteoporosis using LightGBM, and a meta‐analysis showed that 22 of these proteins illuminated a significant correlation with BMD (p < 0.05). The most common proteins among them were PHLD, SAMP, PEDF, HPTR, APOA1, SHBG, CO6, A2MG, CBPN, RAIN APOD, and THBG. The identified proteins were used to generate the biological age (BA) of bone. Each 1 SD‐year increase in KDM‐Proage was associated with higher risk of LS‐OP (hazard ratio [HR], 1.25; 95% CI, 1.14–1.36, p = 4.96 × 10−06), and FN‐OP (HR, 1.13; 95% CI, 1.02–1.23, p = 9.71 × 10−03). The findings uncovered that the apolipoproteins, zymoproteins, complements, and binding proteins presented new mechanistic insights into osteoporosis. Serum proteomics could be a crucial indicator for evaluating bone aging.
Birth, cognitive and behavioral effects of intrauterine cannabis exposure in infants and children: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Sorkhou Maryam , Singla Daisy R. , Castle David J. , George Tony P.
Published: November 2023

Background and Aims

Δ9‐tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the principal psychoactive component of cannabis, has been implicated in affecting fetal neurodevelopment by readily crossing the placenta. However, little is known regarding the long‐term effects of intrauterine cannabis exposure. This systematic review and meta‐analysis synthesized prospective and cross‐sectional human studies to measure the effects of intrauterine cannabis exposure on birth, behavioral, psychological and cognitive outcomes in infancy until early childhood.

Methods

Reporting according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) statement, cross‐sectional and prospective studies published from database inception until June 2023, investigating developmental outcomes of infants, toddlers and young children with intrauterine cannabis exposure were considered. All articles were obtained from PubMed or PsycINFO databases.

Results

The literature search resulted in 932 studies, in which 57 articles met eligibility criteria. The meta‐analysis revealed that intrauterine cannabis exposure increases the risk of preterm delivery [odds ratio (OR) = 1.68, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.05–2.71, P = 0.03], low birth weight (OR = 2.60, CI = 1.71–3.94, P < 0.001) and requirement for neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission (OR = 2.51, CI = 1.46–4.31; P < 0.001). Our qualitative synthesis suggests that intrauterine cannabis exposure may be associated with poorer attention and externalizing problems in infancy and early childhood. We found no evidence for impairments in other cognitive domains or internalizing behaviors.

Conclusions

Prenatal cannabis use appears to be associated with lower birth weight, preterm birth and neonatal intensive care unit admission in newborns, but there is little evidence that prenatal cannabis exposure adversely impacts behavioral or cognitive outcomes in early childhood, with the exception of attention and externalizing problems.
Prevalence of energy drink consumption world‐wide: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Aonso‐Diego Gema , Krotter Andrea , García‐Pérez Ángel
Published: November 2023

Background and aims

The increasing market for energy drinks (EDs) in recent years, as well as the health risks caused by their consumption, prompt calls to estimate the prevalence of ED use among different countries. This systematic review and meta‐analysis aimed to synthesize the prevalence of ED use in different continents and age groups.

Method

We searched two databases (i.e. PubMed and PsycInfo) on 31 March 2023 to identify studies reporting the prevalence of ED use. A total of 192 studies (196 distinct samples; n = 1 120 613; 53.37% males) from the United States, Europe, Asia, Oceania and Africa were included in the analysis. A random‐effects model was applied to estimate the overall pooled prevalence at several time‐periods. Subgroup analyses were performed to provide prevalence based on continent and age group. The quality of articles was assessed using Joana Brigg's Institute (JBI) critical appraisal checklist. Measurements included prevalence of ED use (i.e. life‐time, past 12 months, past 30 days, past 7 days and daily use), continent and age group (i.e. children, adolescents, young adults and adults).

Results

The life‐time ED use world‐wide‐pooled prevalence was estimated to be 54.7% [95% confidence interval (CI) = 48.8–60.6; I2 = 99.80], 43.4% (95% CI = 36.1–50.6; I2 = 99.92) in the past 12 months, 32.3% (95% CI = 28.8–35.8; I2 = 99.82) in the past 30 days, 21.6% (95% CI = 18.7–24.5; I2 = 99.95) in the past 7 days and 8.82% (95% CI = 6.3–11.4; I2 = 99.95) daily ED use. Subgroups analyses showed significant differences in ED life‐time use within age groups (P = 0.002) and continents (P = 0.035).

Conclusions

The world‐wide prevalence of energy drink use appears to be high, particularly among adolescents and young adults.
Rates of family history of autism and ADHD varies with recruitment approach and socio‐economic status
Authors: Bazelmans Tessel , Scerif Gaia , Holmboe Karla , Gonzalez‐Gomez Nayeli , Hendry Alexandra
Published: November 2023

Family history (FH) of autism and ADHD is not often considered during the recruitment process of developmental studies, despite high recurrence rates. We looked at the rate of autism or ADHD amongst family members of young children (9 to 46 months) in three UK‐based samples (N = 1055) recruited using different methods. The rate of FH‐autism or FH‐ADHD was 3%–9% for diagnosed cases. The rate was highest in the sample recruited through an online participant pool, which also consisted of the most socio‐economically diverse families. Lower parental education and family income were associated with higher rates of FH‐ADHD and lower parental education with increased FH‐autism. Thus, recruitment strategies have a meaningful impact on neurodiversity and the conclusions and generalizations that can be drawn. Specifically, recruitment using crowdsourcing websites could create a sample that is more representative of the wider population, compared to those recruited through university‐related volunteer databases and social media.
Complications of single‐port robot‐assisted radical prostatectomy: multi‐institutional analysis from the Single‐Port Advanced Research Consortium (SPARC)
Authors: Soputro Nicolas A. , Chavali Jaya Sai , Ferguson Ethan L. , Ramos‐Carpinteyro Roxana , Calvo Ruben Sauer , Nguyen Jennifer , Moschovas Marcio C. , Wilder Samantha , Okhawere Kennedy , De La Rosa Ruth Sanchez , Saini Indu , Peabody James , Badani Ketan K. , Rogers Craig , Joseph Jean , Nix Jeffrey , Patel Vipul , Stifelman Michael , Ahmed Mutahar , Crivellaro Simone , Kim Moses , Kaouk Jihad H.
Published: November 2023

Objective

To evaluate the perioperative complications of single‐port robot‐assisted radical prostatectomy (SP‐RARP).

Patients and Methods

A retrospective review was performed on the prospectively maintained, Institutional Review Board‐approved, multi‐institutional Single‐Port Advanced Research Consortium (SPARC) database. A total of 1103 patients were identified who underwent three different approaches of SP‐RARP between 2019 and 2022 using the purpose‐built SP robotic platform. In addition to baseline clinical, perioperative outcomes, this study comprehensively analysed for any evidence of intraoperative complication, as well as postoperative complication and readmission within 90 days of the respective surgery.

Results

Of the 244, 712, and 147 patients who underwent transperitoneal, extraperitoneal, and transvesical SP‐RARP, respectively, intraoperative complications were noted in five patients (0.4%), all of which occurred during the transperitoneal approach. Two patients had bowel serosal tears, two had posterior button‐holing of the bladder necessitating repair, and one patient had an obturator nerve injury. Postoperative complications were noted in 143 patients (13%) with major complications (Clavien–Dindo Grade ≥III) only identified in 3.7% of the total cohort. The most common complications were lymphocele (3.9%), acute urinary retention (2%), and urinary tract infection (1.9%). The 90‐day re‐admission rate was 3.9%.

Conclusion

The SP‐RARP is a safe and effective procedure with low complication and readmission rates regardless of the approach. These results are comparable to current multi‐port RARP literature.
Cenozoic subsidence‐driving mechanisms in the southernmost Patagonian basins of Tierra del Fuego and SW Atlantic
Authors: Dávila Federico M. , Ding Xuesong
Published: November 2023

Foreland basins are ideal laboratories to examine and quantify forces that contribute to Earth's topography. The interaction of these driving mechanisms (atmospheric, lithospheric and asthenospheric) affects the accumulation and preservation of strata in marine or terrestrial depocentres. For foreland basins that cover thousands of kilometres along orogens, geodynamic processes or lithospheric structure might differ and/or overlap differently along or across strike. The Magallanes‐Austral basin in the southernmost Patagonia serves as a good analogue to analyse the interactions between subcrustal forces and foreland sedimentation. While to the northern part of southern Patagonia, Cenozoic basins were predominantly terrigenous and above sea level; at the southernmost end of Patagonia, sedimentation in the island of Tierra del Fuego was mostly submarine. We analysed in this contribution the southernmost foreland of Patagonia by combining backstripping with reconstruction of flexural and dynamic subsidence. These results were compared with terrestrial records exposed further north of southern Patagonia. We found that, in addition to crustal contributions (as deformation and sedimentation), subcrustal forces are required to accommodate the proximal and distal foreland strata and explain the palaeoenvironmental and subsidence discrepancies that resulted after our analysis. When our models are compared with dynamic topographic curves, strong correlations are observed during the Palaeogene, whereas strong topographic differences occurred in the Neogene. Dynamic topography models in the Neogene have reproduced clear uplift, whereas our residual topography results show equilibrium (close to the orogen) to subsidence values (to the distal foreland). We propose that changes in the lithospheric mantle had to work together with the rest of the tectonics and dynamic forces to match 1‐D backstripping and flexural curves. This suggests that foreland basins in southern Patagonia were controlled differently along strike the southern Andes and that crustal deformation, asthenospheric flows and a heterogeneous lithospheric mantle structure affected the Cenozoic basin evolution.
A typology of talent management in aerospace micro‐, small‐, and medium‐sized enterprises
Authors: Usanova Ksenia , Géraudel Mickaël , d'Armagnac Sophie
Published: November 2023

This article contributes to talent management (TM) research by offering a comprehensive view of TM in the micro, small, and medium enterprise (MSME) context. It captures and categorizes TM practices according to differences in formality and inclusivity, employee participation in TM, and market orientation. On the basis of 31 in‐depth interviews with the top managers of 27 aerospace companies in Luxembourg, we propose a typology of TM in MSMEs. We identify differences in how companies define and manage talent and propose three main types of TM, namely, “planned,” “proactive,” and “reactive.” “Planned” TM sustains organizational growth through the focus on systematically assessing needs and anticipating the future. In contrast, “proactive” TM tests different TM methods to adapt to perceived needs and build the business further. Finally, “reactive” TM focuses on filling the current skill gap to maintain the existing market.
High‐resolution nerve ultrasound and corneal confocal microscopy in taxane‐induced polyneuropathy
Authors: Katz Maria , Mork Hannah , Baghdasaryan Nazik , Hesse Lukas , Wille Kai , Treichel Jasmin , Motte Jeremias , Klimas Rafael , Sturm Dietrich , Schellinger Peter Dieter , Hettlich Hans‐Joachim , Philipps Jörg
Published: November 2023

Background and purpose

The role of high‐resolution nerve ultrasound (HRUS) and corneal confocal microscopy (CCM) in the early detection of taxane‐induced polyneuropathy (TIPN) is unclear. The present prospective longitudinal controlled observational pilot study estimates the role of HRUS and CCM in the early diagnosis of TIPN in breast cancer patients.

Methods

Fifteen breast cancer patients receiving paclitaxel and 15 healthy age matched controls were included. Visits before and 3 weeks, 8 weeks and 6 months after treatment included clinical examination, the total neuropathy score, nerve conduction studies (NCS), monocular CCM including corneal nerve fibre length, density and branching and HRUS of bilateral median, ulnar, radial, tibial, peroneal and sural nerves. Patients were compared between different visits and to healthy controls.

Results

Total neuropathy score increased from 2.2 at baseline to 5.8 (p < 0.001) at week 8. NCS showed a decreased sensory amplitude in the sural, radial, ulnar and median nerve after 6 months (p < 0.001). HRUS revealed a significant increase of cross‐sectional area in the sural nerve (p = 0.004), the median nerve (p = 0.003) at the carpal tunnel and the ulnar nerve in the forearm (p = 0.006) after 6 months. CCM showed no changes at different visits.

Conclusions

Corneal confocal microscopy and HRUS do not detect early signs of TIPN during the paclitaxel treatment period. HRUS and NCS might detect congruent signs of an axonal, predominantly sensory polyneuropathy after 6 months. The clinical examination remains the most sensitive tool in the early detection of TIPN in breast cancer patients.
Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic modelling of drugs in pregnancy: A mini‐review on availability and limitations
Authors: Berezowska Monika , Sharma Pradeep , Pilla Reddy Venkatesh , Coppola Paola
Published: November 2023

Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modelling in pregnancy is a relatively new approach that is increasingly being used to assess drug systemic exposure in pregnant women to potentially inform dosing adjustments. Physiological changes throughout pregnancy are incorporated into mathematical models to simulate drug disposition in the maternal and fetal compartments as well as the transfer of drugs across the placenta. This mini‐review gathers currently available pregnancy PBPK models for drugs commonly used during pregnancy. In addition, information about the main PBPK modelling platforms used, metabolism pathways, drug transporters, data availability and drug labels were collected. The aim of this mini‐review is to provide a concise overview, demonstrate trends in the field, highlight understudied areas and identify current gaps of PBPK modelling in pregnancy. Possible future applications of this PBPK approach are discussed from a clinical, regulatory and industry perspective.
Theses and dissertations completed in family and consumer sciences: 2022
Authors: Alexander Karen L. , Hinson Jacinta D.
Published: November 2023

Since 1992, completion of graduate student degrees and research in family and consumer sciences has been collected annually. Data collection for 2022 began in July 2023 when 549 e‐mail invitations were sent to contacts at 165 U.S. universities and colleges inviting family and consumer sciences programs to report graduate program degree completions and research production through theses and dissertations. Twenty‐three institutions responded with data. They reported 740 graduate degrees conferred collectively with 123 master's theses, 184 dissertations, and 433 non‐thesis master's degrees completed. This report presents submitted information on theses and dissertations organized into 17 subject‐matters categories and listed by degree level.
Family and consumer sciences graduate research productivity in 2022
Authors: Alexander Karen L. , Hinson Jacinta D.
Published: November 2023

Since 1992, information on graduate student degrees and family and consumer sciences research has been collected annually. Data collection for 2022 began in July 2023 when 549 e‐mail invitations were sent to contacts at 165 U.S. universities and colleges, inviting family and consumer sciences programs to report graduate program degree completions and research production through theses and dissertations. Twenty‐three institutions responded with data and reported 740 graduate degrees conferred collectively, with 123 master's theses, 184 dissertations, and 433 non‐thesis master's degrees completed. This review reports degree completion and highlights topical trends of the theses and dissertations completed by reporting programs.
Contrasting effects of frugivore assemblages and phylogeny on global variation in fruit length and width
Authors: Yu Fei , Zhang Mingming , Wang Yang , LaMontagne Jalene M. , Yi Xianfeng
Published: November 2023

Aim

The evolution of fruit size is poorly understood, though long‐standing hypotheses, the dispersal syndrome hypothesis and correlated evolution hypothesis, have highlighted the influence of frugivores and phylogeny on fruit size variation.

Location

Interaction networks were extracted from studies carried out in Asia, Europe, Africa, Hawaii, Australia, New Zealand and the Neotropics.

Time Period

Up to 50 years between 1970 and 2022.

Major Taxa Studied

Frugivores (birds and mammals) and fleshy‐fruited plants.

Methods

We compiled a global data set on fruit size (i.e. width and length) and plant traits (i.e. leaf area and plant height) for 349 fleshy‐fruited plants, and the body mass of frugivores from 326 interaction networks. We constructed a plant phylogeny from a mega‐tree containing 74,533 vascular plant species and we calculated Pagel's λ to assess the phylogenetic signal in plant traits and fruit size. Phylogenetic generalized linear mixed model (PGLMM) was used to reveal relationships between fruit size and plant traits as well as the body mass of interacting frugivores. We used phylogenetic partial R2s regression model to tease apart the effects of body mass of frugivores, leaf area, plant height and plant phylogeny on the evolution of fruit size.

Results

We show that the global variation in fruit width is better explained by frugivorous assemblages than by phylogeny and plant functional traits (leaf area and plant height). Despite the significant evolutionary correlation between fruit length and width, fruit length appears to be more phylogenetically constrained and less sensitive to frugivore‐driven selection than fruit width.

Main Conclusion

In light of the two original hypotheses, our study demonstrates a global phylogenetic constraint on fruit length and frugivore‐driven selection on fruit width, provides a novel mechanistic explanation for the evolution of fruit size across fleshy‐fruited plant species. Our findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the complex interplay between frugivory, phylogeny and plant traits in the evolution of fruit size, offering valuable insights into the broader context of published findings and hypotheses in this field.
PHENOMENOLOGY OF DIVINE REVELATION: THEOLOGY AND PHILOSOPHY IN DIALOGUE
Authors: Kim Junghyung
Published: November 2023

Although the relationship between theology and philosophy is a perennial issue in the history of thought, recent debates surrounding the so‐called theological turn of continental phenomenology have created a new space in which it can be explored from a fresh perspective. In this vein, I propose three theses concerning the relationship between theology and philosophy of religion, with particular focus on the phenomenon of divine revelation. First, a philosophy of religion that ignores theology's claim about divine self‐revelation will remain incomplete and unsatisfactory, at least from the perspective of a Christian theology which begins with the faith in God's self‐revelation in one particular human person. Second, a theology that does not acknowledge the possibility of philosophical reflections on the human aspect of divine revelation will not be able to escape blind dogmatism, but rather will isolate itself from the academic community. Third, and finally, despite the concerns of both parties, a dialogue between theology and philosophy centred on the phenomena of revelation can develop into mutually critical and mutually constructive interactions.
Electoral turnout of foreign‐born residents in Chile: an analysis with data from the administrative census and opinion polls
Authors: Herrera Mario , Morales Mauricio
Published: November 2023

Based on an administrative census of the 267,116 migrants registered for the 2017 presidential elections and a survey applied to 4771 migrants, we conclude that (1) the electoral participation of migrants shows a significant gender gap, with women participating in a higher proportion; (2) migrants who registered earlier in the electoral registers, are more likely to vote compared to the rest; (3) when migrants come from countries that implement compulsory voting, they increase their likelihood of voting in the receiving country; (4) the declaration of wanting to remain in Chile and not return to their countries of origin or migrate to another country increases the probability of voting, and the same happens with married migrants, with Chilean children, with a Chilean partner, and with a better economic situation; (5) social capital has a positive influence on electoral participation.
Periodontitis and the risk of all‐cause and cause‐specific mortality among US adults with diabetes: A population‐based cohort study
Authors: Li Weiqi , Peng Jiakuan , Shang Qianhui , Yang Dan , Zhao Hang , Xu Hao
Published: November 2023

Aim

To evaluate the association between periodontitis, all‐cause and cause‐specific mortality, and its prognostic utility among adults with diabetes.

Materials and Methods

Periodontal health records were retrieved from the NHANES database for 4297 participants with diabetes aged >30 years at baseline during 1988–1994, 1999–2004 and 2009–2014. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression model was applied to calculate the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for moderate/severe periodontitis with all‐cause and cause‐specific mortality in participants with diabetes. Area under the curve (AUC) was used to assess predictive value.

Results

During a median follow‐up of 15.41 years, 1701 deaths occurred. After multivariate adjustments, moderate/severe periodontitis was significantly associated with increased risk of all‐cause (HR: 1.27; 95% CI: 1.07–1.50; p = .005) and cardiovascular disease (CVD)‐related (HR: 1.35, 95% CI: 1.03–1.76, p = .031) mortality in participants with diabetes. The absolute risk difference based on the cumulative incidence information was 0.022 (5‐year, 95% CI: 0.021–0.023) and 0.044 (10‐year, 95% CI: 0.041–0.048). Periodontitis improved the prediction of all‐cause (AUC: 0.652; 95% CI: 0.627–0.676) and CVD‐related (AUC: 0.649; 95% CI: 0.624–0.676) mortality over standard risk factors (all‐cause: AUC: 0.631; 95% CI: 0.606–0.656; CVD‐related: AUC: 0.629; 95% CI: 0.604–0.655).

Conclusions

Moderate/severe periodontitis is associated with an increased risk of all‐cause and CVD‐related mortality in adults with diabetes. Periodontitis might represent a marker for residual risk.
Frequency of colorectal surveillance colonoscopies for adenomatous polyps: systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Ho Yiu Ming , Merollini Katharina M D , Gordon Louisa G.
Published: November 2023

Background and Aim

The purpose of this study was to assess evidence on the frequency of polyp surveillance colonoscopies performed earlier than the recommended follow‐up intervals in clinical practice guidelines.

Methods

A systematic review was performed based on electronic searches in PubMed and Embase. Research articles, letters to the editors, and review articles, published before April 2022, were included. Studies that focused on the intervals of polyp surveillance in adult populations were selected. The Risk Of Bias In Non‐randomized Studies of Exposure (ROBINS‐E) was used to assess the risk of bias. A meta‐analysis was performed with Forest plots to illustrate the results.

Results

In total, 16 studies, comprising 11 172 patients from Australia, Europe, and North America, were included for analysis. The quality of the studies was moderate. Overall, 38% (95% CI: 30–47%) of colonoscopies were undertaken earlier than their respective national clinical guidelines. In risk‐stratified surveillance, 10 studies contained data relating to low‐risk polyp surveillance intervals and 30% (95% CI: 29–31%) of colonoscopies were performed earlier than recommended. Eight studies contained data relating to intermediate‐risk polyp surveillance and 15% (95% CI: 14–17%) of colonoscopies were performed earlier than recommended. One study showed that 6% (95% CI: 4–10%) of colonoscopies performed for high‐risk polyp surveillance were performed earlier than recommended.

Conclusions

A significant proportion of polyp surveillance was performed earlier than the guidelines suggested. This provides evidence of the potential overuse of healthcare resources and the opportunity to improve hospital efficiency.
Skin rejuvenation effect of the combined PDLLA and non cross‐linked hyaluronic acid: A preliminary study
Authors: Seo Suk Bae , Park Hyunwoo , Jo Ju Young , Ryu Hwa Jung
Published: November 2023

Background

Skin aging is characterized by wrinkles, rough skin texture, pigmentation, facial erythema, and telangiectasia through structural and functional changes in the epidermis and dermis. Recently, injectable poly(D, L‐lactic acid), a biodegradable polymer, has been used widely for skin rejuvenation.

Aims

This study aims to assess the efficacy and safety of injectable dermal poly D, L‐lactic acid) for skin rejuvenation.

Patients/Methods

A total of 16 patients who desired skin rejuvenation were included. All participants received two or three procedure sessions with a 4 weeks interval between sessions. Clinical and three‐dimensional images at baseline, before each procedural session, and follow‐up visits were obtained. Therapeutic effects were assessed by evaluating signs of aging skin and overall improvement by dermatologists and patients. Histologic examinations with special stains were performed on the posterior auricular areas of consenting patients at baseline and follow‐up visits after injecting poly D L‐lactic acid into the postauricular area as in the face.

Results

Overall, statistically significant differences were observed in all signs of aging skin, such as fine wrinkles, skin texture, irregular pigmentation, telangiectasia, and facial erythema before and after treatments. Half (50%) of patients responded that there was more than 50% overall improvement. There were no severe adverse events. Histologic examination demonstrated increases in collagen and elastic fibers in the dermis.

Conclusions

Results of this preliminary study suggest that injectable dermal poly D, L‐lactic acid can significantly affect skin rejuvenation without causing any serious adverse events.
Individualized multidisciplinary therapy for vulvodynia
Authors: Penteado Sonia Regina Lenharo , Bonduki Claudio Emilio , de Araújo Teresa Raquel Embiruçu , Alves Suzana Valeska , de Luccas Batista Nina Morena Teixeira , Ambrogini Carolina Carvalho , Sartori Marair Gracio Ferreira
Published: November 2023

Objective

The main objective of this review was to develop strategies for individualizing multidisciplinary therapy for vulvodynia.

Methods

We conducted two literature searches; the first one focused on clinical trials assessing vulvodynia treatments published after the recommendations of the expert committee of the Fourth International Consultation on Sexual Medicine. The second search targeted studies identifying predictive factors and mediators of vulvodynia treatments, published from the earliest date to October 2022.

Results

Based on data from 55 relevant studies, we developed models of individualized multidisciplinary therapy targeting groups of women less responsive to multidisciplinary therapy (characterized by women with higher vulvar pain intensity, impaired sexual functioning, and vulvodynia secondary subtype) and to physical therapy, as an isolated treatment (characterized by women with increased pelvic floor muscle tone and vulvodynia primary subtype). Each individualized multidisciplinary therapy model comprises three components: psychotherapy, medical care, and physical therapy. These components provide distinct therapeutic modalities for distinct subgroups of women with vulvodynia; the women subgroups were identified according to the characteristics of women, the disease, partners, and relationships. Additionally, for women with provoked vestibulodynia who exhibit less benefits from vestibulectomy (such as those with higher levels of erotophobia, greater vulvar pain intensity, and the primary subtype) and encounter resistance to individualized multidisciplinary therapy, we suggest additional conservative treatments before performing vestibulectomy.

Conclusion

Our study is a pioneer in the development of models that allow the individualization of multidisciplinary therapy for vulvodynia and represents a significant advance in the clinical practice of gynecologists, physiotherapists, and psychologists.
Ovarian fibromatosis associated with large pedunculated fibroma in a 30‐year‐old woman: A rare coincidence or variant?
Authors: Takeda Akihiro , Watanabe Kazuko , Koike Wataru
Published: November 2023

A 30‐year‐old nulligravida was referred under suspicion of large subserosal myoma. T2‐weighted magnetic resonance imaging revealed multilobulated solid mass in the left lower abdomen measuring 16 cm in longitudinal diameter. The ovarian surface was covered with a marked T2‐hypointense thick rim called “black garland sign,” forming multiple nodular masses ranging from 1 to 5 cm in diameter in some portions of the bilateral ovaries. By laparoscopic‐assisted minilaparotomy, the stalk of pedunculated mass originating from the left ovarian hilum was excised, followed by carrying out of the body after in‐bag morcellation using a surgical scalpel. Right ovarian exophytic nodular masses larger than 1 cm were excised using monopolar electrode needle. Pathological examination of excised right and left masses showed fibroblast‐like spindle cell proliferation with collagenous stroma; however, differences between right and left masses cannot be distinguished on a histological level. Postoperative diagnosis was ovarian fibromatosis coexisting with large pedunculated fibroma.
The correlation between death anxiety, loneliness and hope levels in patients treated in the cardiac intensive care unit
Authors: Yildirim Dilek , Akman Ozlem , Ozturk Serpil , Yakin Ozlem
Published: November 2023

Background

A sense of hope plays an important role in relieving stress and psychological distress of cardiology patients, as well as improving their physical well‐being.

Aim

The aim of this study is to investigate the correlation between death anxiety, loneliness and hope levels in patients receiving treatment in a cardiac intensive care unit (ICU).

Design

This is a prospective, descriptive and correlational study.

Methods

The study was completed with 150 cardiac ICU patients in Istanbul, Turkey. The data were collected using a Patient Information Form, the Templer Death Anxiety Scale (TDAS), the Herth Hope Index (HHI) and the UCLA Loneliness Scale (UCLA‐LS).

Results

The patients had a mean age of 63.56 ± 12.74 years. Most of the patients (82%) were treated in the ICU for heart failure. There was a statistically significant positive correlation between total scores of TDAS and UCLA‐LS (r = .337; p < .001) and a statistically significant negative correlation between total scores of UCLA‐LS and HHI (r = −.292; p < .001). Also, there was a statistically significant negative correlation between the scores of UCLA‐LS and Positive Readiness and Expectancy Subscale (r = −.164; p = .044). The multiple linear regression indicated that the model was statistically significant (F = 7.177, p < .001). The variables of age and UCLA‐LS among those included in the model were statistically significant predictors of the death anxiety scores of the patients (23.1%) (p < .05).

Conclusions

The cardiology patients who received treatment in the ICU had a high level of death anxiety and moderate levels of loneliness and hope. The age and loneliness level were statistically significant predictors of death anxiety.

Relevance to Clinical Practice

It is recommended that individualized nursing care be planned and provided to conscious cardiology patients who are treated in the ICU, considering their age and loneliness levels and that nursing care be planned for individuals who are at risk of fear, anxiety, loneliness and hopelessness by periodically assessing their death anxiety, loneliness and hope levels.