bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Re-examining the Policies in the Humanitarian Aid Sector – A Call for Greater “Value Rationality”
Authors: Khan Sabith
Published: November 2015

Faith-based giving in the U.S. constitutes over one-third of all charity (Giving USA, 2013). The proliferation of policy initiatives that promoted faith-based giving and giving to humanitarian aid organizations post George W Bush’s establishment of the Office of Faith-based initiatives and community Partnerships has been controversial, to say the least. But despite this, the sector has been robust. One segment of philanthropy that has been unnecessarily controversial is that of Islamic charity. With the attacks of September 11, 2001, there were a slew of legislative as well as Executive reforms that put Islamic charities under the scanner. Executive Order 13224 and the subsequent initiatives under the PATRIOT Act have reduced donations to Islamic charities, in the initial year. In this short paper, I argue that some of the restrictive measures in place – that apply to NGOs working in conflict zones – should be removed, so aid can reach the beneficiaries, so that NGOs’ offering this aid to not fear being targeted by U.S. law enforcement authorities. Given the massive refugee crisis we are witnessing, the role of Muslim NGOs in conflict zones may become crucial for long-term rehabilitation and resettlement.
Health enhancing coping as a mediator in relationships of positive emotionality and cognitive curiosity with quality of life among type 2 diabetes patients
Authors: Kalka Dorota , Pawłowska Monika
Published: November 2015

The number of people suffering from type 2 diabetes has been growing recently. This chronic disease is connected with lower perceived quality of life and experiencing a lot of stressful situations. Some of these situations can be anticipated. Thus, it is possible to prepare oneself for future difficult situations by using proactive coping strategies. The aim of this research was to verify the level of satisfaction with various areas of life, the frequency of use of proactive coping strategies in the case of type 2 diabetes patients and healthy individuals, as well as mediation role of these strategies in the relationship between positive emotionality, cognitive curiosity and perceived quality of life. One hundred and seventy four persons took part in the research: 85 persons with diabetes and 89 healthy individuals. We used instruments with recognized psychometric properties: The Proactive Coping Inventory, The World Health Organization Quality of Life Instrument-BREF, PANAS Questionnaire and State-Trait Personality Inventory. The analysis of the results showed, among other things, that people suffering from type 2 diabetes are the least satisfied with their health, and the most with their treatment and knowledge about the disease. Healthy individuals are the most satisfied with the physical domain and one’s present life, whereas the least satisfied with the environmental domain. Both groups differ in terms of using proactive coping strategies. People with diabetes most often adopt a preventive strategy, whereas healthy individuals a reflective one. Two strategies turned out to be able to mediate in the relationship of positive emotionality and life satisfaction in the diabetes group. It was a strictly proactive and preventive coping strategy. No mediation effect was found in the group of healthy people. The results show that in the face of anticipated difficulties, people with type 2 diabetes try to protect their current resources by resorting to their existing knowledge, the level of which they are most satisfied with. The higher the positive emotionality/cognitive curiosity among people with type 2 diabetes, the higher their satisfaction with life, which is due to the fact, that they more frequently use proactive or preventive strategies to cope with stress.
Mentalization, specific attachment, and relational satisfaction from the intrapsychic and interpersonal perspectives
Authors: Górska Dominika
Published: November 2015

Mentalization is a process of social cognition that involves making inferences about one’s own behavior and the behavior of other people on the basis of unobservable mental states. Particularly in psychodynamic approaches, mentalization is conceptualized in the context of activation of internal representation of emotional relationship. In this study, we checked whether mentalization constitutes a predictor of relational satisfaction in the context of one’s own and the partner’s specific attachment. The research sample was composed of 32 heterosexual couples living together for at least two years. Three tools were applied: the Mental State Task, Experiences in Close Relationships-Relationship Structures, and the Relationship Assessment Scale. The results indicate a strong negative effect of one’s own attachment anxiety and avoidance, and a strong effect of the partner’s attachment anxiety on the relationship satisfaction for both men and women. In women, the incremental validity of mentalization in predicting satisfaction in the relationship beyond the attachment of their partners has been observed. The results are discussed in the context of the intrapsychic and interpersonal aspects of mentalization and attachment.
Psychometric properties of the Polish version of the Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire-Short Form
Authors: Szczygieł Dorota , Jasielska Aleksandra , Wytykowska Agata
Published: November 2015

The study was aimed at validating the Polish version of the Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire-Short Form (TEIQue-SF). Our findings confirm the reliability and validity of the scale. With respect to reliability, internal consistency coefficients of the TEIQue-SF were comparable to those obtained using the original English version. The evidence of the validity of the TEIQue-SF came from the pattern of relations with the other self-report measure of EI, personality measures, as well as affective and social correlates. We demonstrated that the TEIQue-SF score correlated positively with scores on the Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire (INTE) (Jaworowska & Matczak, 2001). The TEIQue- SF score correlated negatively with Neuroticism and positively with Extraversion, Openness, Agreeableness, and Conscientiousness. In addition, scores on the TEIQue-SF were related to dispositional affect, i.e., correlated positively with positive affectivity and negatively with negative affectivity. The TEIQue-SF score correlated positively with social competencies as measured with the Social Competencies Questionnaire (Matczak, 2001). We also found that trait EI, as measured with the TEIQue-SF, was positively related to the richness of one’s supportive social network and this relationship remained statistically significant even after controlling for Big Five variance. We also demonstrated that scoring on the TEIQue-SF was positively related to satisfaction with life and negatively related to perceived stress and these relationships remained significant, even after controlling for positive and negative affectivity. Taken together, these findings suggest that the Polish version of the TEIQue-SF is a reliable and valid measure that inherits the network of associations both from the original version of the TEIQue-SF and the full form of the Polish TEIQue (Wytykowska & Petrides, 2007).
Examination of “Pre-competition” anxiety levels, of mid-distance runners: A quantitative approach
Authors: Bebetsos Evangelos , Goulimaris Dimitrios
Published: November 2015

Mid-distance runners are subject to intense cognitive and somatic anxiety, not only during competition but also during practice. An important variable which may influence athletes’ performance is perceived behavioral control on anxiety. The aim of the present study was to examine whether aspects such as sex, sport/competition experience and weekly practices, differentiated the participants respectively. The participants consisted of 110 athletes, 61 male and 49 female athletes, between the ages of 15 and 28 (Μ=20.05, SD=2.82).They all completed the Greek version of the “Pre- Race Questionnaire”. Results indicated differences between the less experienced and more experienced athletes in almost all factors of the questionnaire, for both sport/competition experience, and weekly practices. No gender differences were shown. Overall, results could help sport professionals such as coaches and the athletes themselves, become more familiar with the sport-specific psychological aspects involved in their unique sport.
Preparation, characterization and thermal behavior of K2U4O13-Rb2U4O13 solid solutions
Authors: Kanrar Buddhadev , Dhara Sangita , Misra Nand Lal
Published: November 2015

The preparation and characterization of
(K1−x
Rb
x
)2U4O13 solid solutions has been studied for
the x values in the range of 0 − 1. The solid solutions were prepared by heating K2U4O13 and
Rb2U4O13 in required stoichiometry at about 600–700 ℃ for about 50 h in air
atmosphere. The XRD patterns of the products suggest formation of the solid solutions in full composition range of
Rb2U4O13 and K2U4O13. The cell volume of the crystal unit cell of solid solutions changes linearly with
Rb atom % in (Rb + K) present in the solid solutions and follows Vegard's law. The solid solutions when heated
in Ar/He atmospheres at 900 ℃ produce corresponding low valent uranate solid solutions
(K1−x
Rb
x
)2U4O12 or their mixtures.
An Analysis of Excavation Support Safety Based on Experimental Studies
Authors: Gorska Karolina , Wyjadłowski Marek
Published: November 2015

The article presents the results of inclinometric measurements and numerical analyses of soldier-pile wall displacements. The excavation under investigation was made in cohesive soils. The measurements were conducted at points located at the edge of the cantilever excavation support system. The displacements of the excavation support observed over the period of three years demonstrated the pattern of steady growth over the first two months, followed by a gradual levelling out to a final plateau. The numerical analyses were conducted based on 3D FEM models. The numerical analysis of the problem comprise calculations of the global structural safety factor depending on the displacement of the chosen points in the lagging and conducted by means of the φ/c reduction procedure. The adopted graphical method of safety estimation is very conservative in the sense that it recognizes stability loss quite early, when one could further load the medium or weaken it by further strength reduction. The values of the Msf factor are relatively high. This is caused by the fact that the structure was designed for excavation twice as deep. Nevertheless, the structure is treated as a temporary one.
Influence of Structural Features and Fracture Processes on Surface Roughness: A Case Study from the Krosno Sandstones of the Górka–Mucharz Quarry (Little Beskids, Southern Poland)
Authors: Pieczara Łukasz
Published: November 2015

The paper presents the results of analysis of surface roughness parameters in the Krosno Sandstones of Mucharz, southern Poland. It was aimed at determining whether these parameters are influenced by structural features (mainly the laminar distribution of mineral components and directional distribution of non-isometric grains) and fracture processes. The tests applied in the analysis enabled us to determine and describe the primary statistical parameters used in the quantitative description of surface roughness, as well as specify the usefulness of contact profilometry as a method of visualizing spatial differentiation of fracture processes in rocks. These aims were achieved by selecting a model material (Krosno Sandstones from the Górka-Mucharz Quarry) and an appropriate research methodology. The schedule of laboratory analyses included: identification analyses connected with non-destructive ultrasonic tests, aimed at the preliminary determination of rock anisotropy, strength point load tests (cleaved surfaces were obtained due to destruction of rock samples), microscopic analysis (observation of thin sections in order to determine the mechanism of inducing fracture processes) and a test method of measuring surface roughness (two- and three-dimensional diagrams, topographic and contour maps, and statistical parameters of surface roughness). The highest values of roughness indicators were achieved for surfaces formed under the influence of intragranular fracture processes (cracks propagating directly through grains). This is related to the structural features of the Krosno Sandstones (distribution of lamination and bedding).
To Archive or Not to Archive: The Resistant Potential of Digital Poetry
Authors: Angello Aaron
Published: November 2015

This essay addresses the much discussed problem of archiving digital poetry. Digital media are labile, and several writers of digital poetry are incorporating the media’s ephemerality into their poetics. Rather than rehash arguments that have been taking place within the field of digital media and digital poetics for years, I turn to the field of contemporary art curation and preservation, a field in which curators and archivists are struggling with the very immediate concerns, ethical and otherwise, related to archiving works that are made from ephemeral media. One particular digital poem that has recently broken, has recently become unreadable, is Talan Memmott’s Lexia to Perplexia. Memmott composed the poem in 2000, and he incorporated the poem’s inevitable obsolescence into the text of the poem itself. He has since refused to “fix” or “update” the poem, because he contends that that would make it something other than what it was intended to be. Rather, he is choosing to let the poem die because that is what the poem is supposed to do. This essay concludes with a discussion of the political implications of acknowledging the ephemerality of digital media, the resistant potential of the poem when its ephemerality is embraced, and some ways in which archivists can preserve the memory of the poem without necessarily preserving the poem itself.
The Limits of Language as the Limits of the World: Cormac McCarthy’s and David Markson’s Post-Apocalyptic Novels
Authors: Ambroży Paulina
Published: November 2015

The article examines the correlation between the world and the word in two novels which engage with a post-apocalyptic scenario: David Markson’s Wittgenstein’s Mistress (1988) and Cormac McCarthy’s The Road (2006). Shifting the focus from the very event of catastrophe to the notion of survival through memory and storytelling, both novels problematize the strained relationship between language and reality in an increasingly diminished and dehumanized world. My aim is to investigate the limits of language as well as its capacity to withstand the chaos, loss, trauma, and death that follow the apocalypse. The issues to be considered include the influence of external experience on forms of communication, the role of central metaphors (the archive and the museum in Markson’s novel; cinders and the road in McCarthy’s) and their relation to the form of both novels, as well as the word’s (in)capacity to preserve human values and hopes. Both novels will be discussed as deconstructionist projects in which language becomes a habitat at once impossible and life-preserving: in Wittgenstein’s Mistress it plays the role of both home and prison, whereas in The Road it functions as messianic discourse which simultaneously carries, propels and extinguishes the human hope for a transcendental reality beyond the post-apocalyptic emptiness and doubt.
Charles Willson Peale’s The Exhumation of the Mastodon and the Great Chain of Being: The Interaction of Religion, Science, and Art in Early-Federal America
Authors: Zygmont Bryan J.
Published: November 2015

Although primarily known as a portrait painter, Charles Willson Peale (1741-1827) also possessed a profound interest in natural history. Indeed, Peale eventually founded the first natural history museum in the United States, and, during the end of the eighteenth century, he began to overlap his two great interests: art and nature. The event Peale chronicled in his 1804 painting The Exhumation of the Mastodon caused an extreme stir within the intellectual and religious circles of its time, and brought about, at the very least, a serious questioning in the deeply held notion of the Great Chain of Being. Although now largely discredited, this religious conviction postulated two concepts that Peale’s Exhumation of the Mastodon seemingly contradicts. The first was the belief that no animals since creation had suffered the fate of extinction. The second was a lack of belief in geological time. Indeed, one Irish clergyman calculated the actual date of creation to 4004 BCE.

In this paper, I explore Peale’s monumental painting, a work that is many things, a self-portrait and history painting among others. Indeed, in this painting, Peale was responding to science, religion, and their shifting positions within early-nineteenth-century America. When viewed together, Peale’s The Exhumation of the Mastodon is not merely a record of an event that occurred in New York during the early nineteenth century, and instead is a document of Peale and the interaction of science and religion in early-Federal America.
thurnauer: vt and vi, to paint in the second person
Authors: Mengham Rod
Published: November 2015

Many of the figures in Thurnauer’s paintings who fix us with their gaze have been borrowed from the work of Manet, the artist who organized so many of his paintings around a face-to-face confrontation of viewer and work. The painting returns the viewer’s gaze with total impartiality, making us see our own motives and investments more than the illusion that the figure in the painting will accommodate them.

Issues of language often surface literally in paintings by Thurnauer; written language appears sometimes as part of the material fabric in which human figures move or recline. The textual elements are not superimposed on the figures but appear to exist in the world they inhabit, requiring the painter to relate figure to ground in a process of interlacing. When the viewer’s eye traverses the painting it falls under the magnetic influence of the text to the extent that viewing must succumb in some degree to the operations of reading with its specific rhythms and expectations.

In these paintings, visual and verbal languages provide us with different maps of the same territory; and Thurnauer’s hybridized representations argue that the world can only be rendered through a dialogue, an interlocution of different forms, genres, media. We approach her work, not as viewers whose function is predicated through a gaze regulated according to the distorting demands of consumption or control, but as readers engaged in a critical activity seeing around the edges of historically produced versions of the self.
Comparative efficacy of imagery-based relaxation and abbreviated muscle relaxation training on the reaction ability of netball players
Authors: Saha Srilekha
Published: November 2015

In this study, we investigated the benefits of differential psychotherapeutic intervention techniques on the modification of autonomic competence and its impact on the visual reaction ability of young competitive netball players. Thirty-six young female netball players with an age range of 18–24 years were recruited. Upon baseline evaluation of psychomotor (reaction time); physiological (resting heart-rate and VO2max) and psychobiological (Sc components: latency, amplitude and recovery time) indices, we categorised the subjects into three groups: Group I (control group in which the subjects did not receive any intervention), Group II (experimental group in which the subjects received abbreviated progressive muscle relaxation (APMR) training) and Group III (experimental group in which the subjects received imagery-based relaxation intervention (IRT) training). The subjects from the experimental groups (Group I and Group II) were subjected to their respective interventions (APMR and IRT) for 24 sessions following the protocol, viz., 20 min/day, 2 days/week for 12 weeks). After six weeks of intervention, we conducted mid-term evaluation on all of the aforementioned parameters that had been determined during baseline evaluation. Following this, intervention sessions were continued using the same protocol for six more weeks. At the end of twelfth week, we conducted post-intervention assessment on all psychological, psychomotor and psychobiological variables to verify the effect of training on the dependent measures. Based on the results, we found that there are improvements in various parameters during the mid-term evaluation and post-intervention analysis, which can be rationally attributed to the differential therapeutic interventions introduced to the subjects of the experimental groups. The results suggest that both of the intervention techniques facilitate in improving the reaction ability whereas our in-depth analysis clarifies that netball players with a relatively lower phasic Sc but with higher extent of amplitude, had faster recovery which will be highly beneficial since they are able to regulate their task-focus well enough to yield faster agile reaction performance.
CYP19A1 fine-mapping and Mendelian randomization: estradiol is causal for endometrial cancer
Authors: Thompson Deborah J , O'Mara Tracy A , Glubb Dylan M , Painter Jodie N , Cheng Timothy , Folkerd Elizabeth , Doody Deborah , Dennis Joe , Webb Penelope M , _ _ , Gorman Maggie , Martin Lynn , Hodgson Shirley , _ _ , Michailidou Kyriaki , Tyrer Jonathan P , Maranian Mel J , Hall Per , Czene Kamila , Darabi Hatef , Li Jingmei , Fasching Peter A , Hein Alexander , Beckmann Matthias W , Ekici Arif B , Dörk Thilo , Hillemanns Peter , Dürst Matthias , Runnebaum Ingo , Zhao Hui , Depreeuw Jeroen , Schrauwen Stefanie , Amant Frederic , Goode Ellen L , Fridley Brooke L , Dowdy Sean C , Winham Stacey J , Salvesen Helga B , Trovik Jone , Njolstad Tormund S , Werner Henrica M J , Ashton Katie , Proietto Tony , Otton Geoffrey , Carvajal-Carmona Luis , Tham Emma , Liu Tao , Mints Miriam , _ _ , Scott Rodney J , McEvoy Mark , Attia John , Holliday Elizabeth G , Montgomery Grant W , Martin Nicholas G , Nyholt Dale R , Henders Anjali K , Hopper John L , Traficante Nadia , _ _ , Ruebner Matthias , Swerdlow Anthony J , Burwinkel Barbara , Brenner Hermann , Meindl Alfons , Brauch Hiltrud , Lindblom Annika , Lambrechts Diether , Chang-Claude Jenny , Couch Fergus J , Giles Graham G , Kristensen Vessela N , Cox Angela , Bolla Manjeet K , Wang Qin , Bojesen Stig E , Shah Mitul , Luben Robert , Khaw Kay-Tee , Pharoah Paul D P , Dunning Alison M , Tomlinson Ian , Dowsett Mitch , Easton Douglas F , Spurdle Amanda B
Published: November 2015

Candidate gene studies have reported CYP19A1 variants to be associated with endometrial cancer and with estradiol (E2) concentrations. We analyzed 2937 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 6608 endometrial cancer cases and 37 925 controls and report the first genome wide-significant association between endometrial cancer and a CYP19A1 SNP (rs727479 in intron 2, P=4.8×10−11). SNP rs727479 was also among those most strongly associated with circulating E2 concentrations in 2767 post-menopausal controls (P=7.4×10−8). The observed endometrial cancer odds ratio per rs727479 A-allele (1.15, CI=1.11–1.21) is compatible with that predicted by the observed effect on E2 concentrations (1.09, CI=1.03–1.21), consistent with the hypothesis that endometrial cancer risk is driven by E2. From 28 candidate-causal SNPs, 12 co-located with three putative gene-regulatory elements and their risk alleles associated with higher CYP19A1 expression in bioinformatical analyses. For both phenotypes, the associations with rs727479 were stronger among women with a higher BMI (Pinteraction=0.034 and 0.066 respectively), suggesting a biologically plausible gene-environment interaction.
Actividad antifúngica in vitro de quitosanos sobre Bipolaris oryzae, patógeno del arroz
Authors: Rodríguez Pedroso Aida Tania , Plascencia Jatomea Maribel , Bautista Baños Silvia , Cortéz Rocha Mario Onofre , Ramírez Arrebato Miguel Ángel
Published: November 2015

En el presente trabajo se evaluó el efecto y la Concentración Media Inhibitoria (CMI50) de quitosanos de diferentes masas moleculares en el crecimiento micelial, el diámetro de las hifas, los cambios estructura-les, la germinación de esporas y la producción de biomasa del hongo Bipolaris oryzae. Los resultados mostraron que el quitosano de masa molecular media presentó mayor efecto inhibitorio (P ≤ 0.05); sin embargo, el quitosano de masa molecular baja afectó más el diámetro de las hifas a la mayor concentra-ción utilizada (4000 mg/l).  Las observaciones de las hifas realizadas por Microscopía Electrónica de Ba-rrido (MEB) mostraron que el hongo tratado con quitosano a la concentración de 3000 mg/l presentó una alta producción de esporas.  El quitosano de masa molecular media presentó el valor más bajo (2182.9 mg/l).  La germinación de las esporas tratadas con CMI50 y la producción de biomasa del hongo fueron afectadas por el quitosano.
Efecto de extractos etanólicos de ajonjolí (Sesamum indicum L.) sobre Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. sesami
Authors: Fernandez Pedro , Laurentin Hernán
Published: November 2015

La producción de ajonjolí en Venezuela tiene como unos de sus principales problemas la incidencia del hongo Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. sesami, el cual causa la enfermedad conocida como marchitez fungosa. Una de las potenciales opciones para su control es la utilización de extractos vegetales. Con el fin de comprobar el efecto de extractos etanólicos de raíz y tallo de tres cultivares de ajonjolí sobre el crecimiento de Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. sesami, se confrontaron dichos extractos directamente con el hongo en celdas de placas de ELISA. En estas celdas se colocó una suspensión de esporas del patógeno en caldo de papa dextrosa y se enfrentaron a cada uno de los extractos obtenidos de raíz y tallo de cada uno de los tres cultivares, lográndose así el establecimiento de un ensayo con tres tratamientos (extractos de cultivares) por cada órgano de planta utilizado, y 24 repeticiones. Las observaciones de la densidad óptica se realizaron cada 12 horas, durante 192 horas. Los extractos de raíz de ajonjolí en general inhibieron el crecimiento y desarrollo del hongo, y por su parte los extractos de tallo de ajonjolí tendieron a estimular el crecimiento del mismo, pero solo los extractos del cultivar INIA afectaron de una manera significativa (P<0,05) el desarrollo de este logrando lo extractos de raíz inhibir hasta un 25% del crecimiento del hongo.con respecto al control, y los extractos de tallo logrando promover el crecimiento hasta en un 20%. Estos resultados demuestran la existencia de diferencias en la composición bioquímica de raíces y tallos de ajonjolí, y diferencias entre cultivares, lo cual es deseable al momento de utilizar el criterio de composición bioquímica en un programa de mejoramiento genético orientado hacia la obtención de cultivares con resistencia a Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. sesami.
A pesquisa em educação na Região Sul: percursos e tendências
Authors: Streck Danilo Romeu
Published: November 2015

O artigo tem por objetivo analisar marcas do percurso e tendências da pesquisa na Região Sul do Brasil. Como base para o estudo foram utilizados relatórios dos programas de pós-graduação em educação e consultados coordenadores e pesquisadores selecionados da região. Dentre as marcas do percurso são destacadas as seguintes: a) a origem marcada pelos desafios da realidade regional; b) o forte espírito coletivo; c) a necessidade de construir a identidade através de suas revistas e temas de pesquisa. São também identificadas três tendências: a) o deslocamento da prática individual para a prática coletiva da pesquisa; b) o movimento em busca da internacionalização; c) a busca da qualidade da produção em meio a controvertidos processos de avaliação. Como conclusão, aponta-se para o fato de que a) existe um importante potencial de pesquisa construído na região, tanto em termos de cobertura geográfica quanto de recursos humanos, e b) a ‘consolidação’ ainda expressa a realidade de grande parte dos programas de pós-graduação.
Interrogações sobre o lugar do sujeito no delineamento de uma educação especializada
Authors: Rahme Mônica Maria Farid , Vorcaro Angela Maria Resende
Published: November 2015

Neste artigo, buscou-se indicar alguns movimentos históricos e sociais que foram relevantes para a constituição da educação especializada e que possibilitaram o delineamento de um campo de intervenção em relação à infância distinguida como anormal, tanto no que diz respeito ao surgimento dos incipientes sistemas de ensino quanto à formalização de espaços destinados à abordagem clínica voltada para esse grupo. Nesse contexto, procurouse evidenciar a emergência da figura do especialista, que passa a intervir de modo decisivo nos espaços institucionais a partir de saberes, por vezes tomados como verdade, sobre esses sujeitos. A noção de discurso como forma de estabelecimento do laço social permite formalizar o modo como esses saberes produzem um lugar institucional e social para as pessoas consideradas diferentes, e discutir o quanto o percurso da educação especializada é marcado por uma alternância de significantes-mestres que tendem a cristalizar verdades sobre um sujeito que não é, em sua totalidade, passível de definição.
Avaliação de crianças pequenas em processo de educação inclusiva através do protocolo AP3
Authors: Bernardino Leda Mariza Fischer , Vaz Beatriz Gomes
Published: November 2015

O desenvolvimento e a estruturação psíquica na primeira infância envolvem significativas mudanças biopsicossociais. No campo da prevenção e da intervenção precoce com crianças que apresentam falhas nesse processo, encontra-se o diálogo com a educação inclusiva. Esta pesquisa analisou a qualidade da experiência de inclusão escolar de oito crianças nos aspectos instrumentais e estruturais através do protocolo AP3, com análises individuais dos resultados de cada criança e análise qualitativa das turmas observadas. O alto índice de riscos para a constituição subjetiva apontou para uma necessidade de considerar as dificuldades psíquicas e um trabalho psicoterápico além daquele focado nas áreas instrumentais.
Da educação especial à educação inclusiva: esclarecendo as palavras para definir as práticas
Authors: Plaisance Eric
Published: November 2015

O artigo propõe uma análise crítica da evolução das palavras e expressões utilizadas no campo da educação para as crianças com necessidades especiais: deficiência, especial, necessidades educativas especiais, integração, inclusão. Faz referências tanto às organizações internacionais como às especificidades francesas e, por fim, problematiza as ambiguidades, contradições e desafios da educação inclusiva. As palavras fazem as coisas, estruturam realidades sociais e até mesmo criam instituições. Portanto, é indispensável que os profissionais da Educação, mas também os da Saúde, estejam atentos para descobrir em suas próprias práticas os obstáculos que ainda subsistem à participação de todos nos espaços de vida compartilhados.
Toll-like receptor-4 dependent small intestinal immune responses following murine Arcobacter butzleri infection
Authors: Heimesaat Markus M. , Karadas Gül , Fischer André , Göbel Ulf B. , Alter Thomas , Bereswill Stefan , Gölz Greta
Published: November 2015

Sporadic cases of gastroenteritis have been attributed to Arcobacter butzleri infection, but information about the underlying immunopathological mechanisms is scarce. We have recently shown that experimental A. butzleri infection induces intestinal, extraintestinal and systemic immune responses in gnotobiotic IL-10−/− mice. The aim of the present study was to investigate the immunopathological role of Toll-like Receptor-4, the receptor for lipopolysaccharide and lipooligosaccharide of Gram-negative bacteria, during murine A. butzleri infection. To address this, gnotobiotic IL-10−/− mice lacking TLR-4 were generated by broadspectrum antibiotic treatment and perorally infected with two different A. butzleri strains isolated from a patient (CCUG 30485) or fresh chicken meat (C1), respectively. Bacteria of either strain stably colonized the ilea of mice irrespective of their genotype at days 6 and 16 postinfection. As compared to IL-10−/− control animals, TLR-4−/− IL-10−/− mice were protected from A. butzleri-induced ileal apoptosis, from ileal influx of adaptive immune cells including T lymphocytes, regulatory T-cells and B lymphocytes, and from increased ileal IFN-γ secretion. Given that TLR-4-signaling is essential for A. butzleri-induced intestinal inflammation, we conclude that bacterial lipooligosaccharide or lipopolysaccharide compounds aggravate intestinal inflammation and may thus represent major virulence factors of Arcobacter. Future studies need to further unravel the molecular mechanisms of TLR-4-mediated A. butzleri-host interactions.
Las redes sociales: herramienta de mercadotecnia para el sector restaurantero
Authors: González González Mariana , Medina Quintero José Melchor , Sánchez Limón Mónica Lorena
Published: November 2015

El objetivo de la investigación consistió en determinar cómo las empresas del sector restaurantero integran las redes sociales en la estrategia de mercadotecnia y cómo estas impactan dentro de los aspectos de posicionamiento, imagen de marca y volumen de ventas en Ciudad Victoria, Tamaulipas (noreste de México). Con una investigación cuantitativa, en la que se aplicó un cuestionario a 46 empresas de este sector, cuyos resultados obtenidos evidenciaron que los restaurantes integran las redes sociales como herramienta de publicidad, promoción y como fuente de información sobre los clientes, las cuales han generado un impacto positivo dentro del posicionamiento e imagen de marca, pero en el volumen de ventas no se ha determinado.
Diseño de packaging ecológico para producto en polvo soluble
Authors: Böhm Silveti Erika , León Guatame Aida Ximena
Published: November 2015

Este artículo entrega alternativas de diseños de packaging ecológicos para un producto denominado Cosecha: frutas y verduras en polvo soluble, mediante proceso de atomización que, según el experto consultado (profesor Povea del Departamento de Ingeniería de Alimentos Universidad de La Salle), es un proceso que permite conseguir un tamaño de partículas apropiado para que sea soluble y al mismo tiempo conserve las propiedades originales de los alimentos durante 6 meses en un envase apropiado. Este producto solucionaría el problema que existe en los bancos de alimentos de Bogotá, donde reposan gran cantidad de frutas y verduras que han sido desechadas por estar sobremaduradas, golpeadas, mal empacadas o devueltas por los almacenes de cadena (300 tm/día), que pueden ser aprovechadas para producir productos alimenticios procesados y susceptibles de comercializar. Sin embargo, es de destacar que el interés del estudio se centró en diseñar envases que respondieran a las tendencias que hay respecto de packaging, es decir que fuera ecológico, funcional, emocional, llamativo para población bogotana de estratos 2 y 3, además de responder a las necesidades del segmento. Los resultados obtenidos evidenciaron que el producto Cosecha: frutas y verduras en polvo soluble responde a una necesidad y hábito de la población y al mismo tiempo que las decisiones tomadas para el diseño de los envases fueron acertadas, de tal forma que la mayoría de los encuestados dijeron que los prototipos les resultan llamativos e innovadores y que comprarían el producto a un precio razonable bajo dos de los tres prototipos propuestos.
Reflexiones sobre el papel del comunicador social y competencias del comunicador en las organizaciones
Authors: Barrero Ana Elvira , Palacios Janneth Arley
Published: November 2015

Este artículo propone un perfil del comunicador social haciendo énfasis en el papel que ejerce dentro y para las organizaciones y destacando las competencias, cualidades y capacidades profesionales. Esta propuesta busca que este profesional responda a las nuevas necesidades del contexto organizacional y contribuya a una sociedad tan compleja como la colombiana. De esta manera, buscando actualizar y establecer las características y habilidades específicas del comunicador organizacional o en las organizaciones —como se denominará en este trabajo—, se plantean un conjunto de competencias que inciden en dicha especificidad y que pueden contribuir a fortalecer el papel y perfil de este profesional en la sociedad.
Posciudades: transformaciones de las experiencias y estéticas de lo urbano desde la posmodernidad
Authors: Dipaola Esteban
Published: November 2015

El artículo propone indagar en las transformaciones de los significados de la ciudad y del espacio urbano ocurridos desde la década de 1960 hasta el presente, atendiendo en especial a la modificación de las experiencias y vivencias sensibles de las prácticas urbanas contemporáneas. Se tiene en cuenta para ello las condiciones históricas que alteraron los procesos económicos en el contexto capitalista y las consecuencias que ello tuvo para la experiencia y visualidad del espacio urbano. De esta forma, se establecen órdenes de visibilidad que permiten configurar, en un primer momento, a la ciudad como dispositivo estético que define sus experiencias a partir de los tránsitos, los pasajes y las relaciones que viven los individuos en ella. Y, en un segundo momento, la ciudad como artefacto tecnológico, mediante lo cual se conforma una práctica de gobernabilidad que permite administrar y adecuar las condiciones de lo urbano a los flujos de las experiencias posmodernas. En este sentido, lo que se conoce como “posciudad”, en el contexto de las sociedades capitalistas globales de nuestra contemporaneidad, es lo que aquí se define como ciudad sampler, aludiendo con ello a las propiedades de retransmisión y significación permanente que las ciudades del presente tienen tanto de su patrimonio cultural e histórico y su pasado inmediato como de sus experiencias culturales y sociales más actuales.
Carlos Salas da forma
Authors: Cobo Borda Juan Gustavo
Published: November 2015

En este escrito se describe la obra del maestro Carlos Salas Silva como un constante ejercicio exploratorio sobre la forma, que evoca multiples atmósferas plásticas. Metaforas sobre el encierro, mapas, marcas y confrontaciones con el pasado, son parte del territorio visual sobre el que transita el artista.
¿Qué no mide el mide?
Authors: Hernández Muñoz Sergio
Published: November 2015

Editorial de Polianea número 20.
CARDIO-ANKLE VASCULAR INDEX (CAVI) AND ARTERIAL STIFFNESS ASSESSMENT AT MEDICAL PREVENTION DEPARTMENTS AND UNITS
Authors: Linchak R. M. , Komkov R. M. , Prishchepa O. G. , Shvabskaya O. B.
Published: November 2015

Aim. To study the clinical potential and feasibility of the assessment of cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) at medical prevention departments and units.

Material and methods. The study included 66 patients (13 men and 53 women; mean age 52,26±11,2 years) with very low to very high total cardiovascular risk (CVR) levels and SCORE index 0–25% (mean SCORE index 3,18±4,34%), who underwent volume sphygmography and automatic CAVI measurement.

Results. There was a moderately strong, statistically significant correlation between CAVI and age; CAVI and systolic blood pressure (SBP); and CAVI and SCORE. While higher CAVI values were observed among non-smokers and patients with arterial hypertension, these differences were not statistically significant.

Conclusion. As a method for arterial stiffness assessment, CAVI measurement is easy to perform, does not require any special preparation, and can be used at medical prevention departments and units as a part of a more detailed preventive examination. A moderately strong, statistically significant correlation was observed between CAVI and SCORE, as well as between CAVI and such SCORE components as age and SBP. However, further research is needed in order to clarify the possibility of CAVI inclusion in prognostic models.
DAYS OF THE WEEK, SEASONS OF THE YEAR, CHANGE TO DAYLIGHT SAVING TIME, AND CARDIOVASCULAR MORTALITY IN MEN
Authors: Dulskyi V. A. , Mozerova E. M.
Published: November 2015

Aim. To study the association between cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality levels in men and day of the week, season of the year, and change to daylight saving time.

Material and methods. This prospective study included the 13-year follow-up data for 2390 men aged 15 years and older.

Results. The overall level of CVD mortality in men was 407,1 per 1000, with no associations with day of the week, season of the year, or change to daylight saving time. However, in the spring, the highest and lowest levels of CVD mortality were observed, respectively, on Thursday (21,2 per 1000) and Sunday (10,6 per 1000). In the autumn, the highest and lowest levels of CVD mortality were observed on Sunday (21,1 per 1000) and Monday (7,9 per 1000), respectively. The proportion of men dying from CVD on Monday was twice as high in the winter (33,3%, or 17,8 per 1000) than in the autumn (14,8%, or 7,9 per 1000). The proportion of men dying from CVD on Sunday was twice as high in the autumn than in the spring (38,1%, or 21,2% per 1000 vs. 19,0%, or 10,6 per 1000, respectively).

Conclusion. The observed dynamics of CVD mortality during the week and across the seasons should be taken into account by the CVD prevention programmes.
COMBINED ACTION ANTIHYPERTENSIVE AGENT URAPIDIL: EFFECTIVENESS AND SAFETY IN CLINICAL PRACTICE
Authors: Gaponova N. I. , Abdrakhmanov V. R. , Kadyshev V. A. , Sokolov A. Yu.
Published: November 2015

The paper reviews the clinical practice potential of a combined action antihypertensive medication urapidil for the treatment of patients with acute elevation of blood pressure (BP) and confirms urapidil effectiveness and good tolerability. Urapidil action mechanisms, pharmacodynamics, and pharmacokinetics are discussed, together with the results of the key clinical trials which have demonstrated antihypertensive effectiveness and safety of this agent. Additional beneficial effects of urapidil, such as reduction of the increased pulmonary artery BP and improvement of bronchial conductivity, are also described.
LONG-TERM TRENDS OF THE MAIN BLOOD LIPID PARAMETERS IN SIBERIAN POPULATION
Authors: Nikitin Yu. P. , Malyutina S. K. , Makarenkova K. V.
Published: November 2015

Aim. To carry out the population analysis of blood lipid profile trends during the period from 1985 to 2005 in Novosibirsk population.

Material and methods. The study was carried out based on the databases of two large international epidemiological projects done in Novosibirsk, WHO “MONIСA” and “HAPIEЕ”. The representative samples from nonorganized population of Novosibirsk were tested in compliance with protocol of the projects. The analysis included data of 10272 people aged from 45 to 64 years; among them 4783 were men and 5489 — women.

Results. Blood TC, non-HDL–C and LDL–С levels from the citizens of Novosibirsk aged 45–64 were significantly lower in the year 1995: 5,50±0,03 mM/l, 4,07±0,03 and 3,48±0,03 mM/l, respectively. By 2005 these values increased significantly and became higher than those initial in 1985. For women 20-year changes in TC, non-HDL–C and LDL–С levels are more prominent than for men. Trends of blood triglyceride levels are analogous to the changes of the indexes described above: average levels were the lowest in 1995 and the highest — in 2005. During a twenty years period the gradual statistically significant increase of blood HDL–C concentrations was noted: in 1985 its concentration was 1,29±0,01 mM/l, in 1995–1,42±0,01 mM/l (p<0,001), in 2005–1,53±0,004 mM/l (p<0,001). HDL–C level for the first decade (1985–1995) increased at average by 10% for the all tenyear period, and for the twenty-year period — by 18,6%, at that for men the increase was more significant (20,2%) than for women (16,4%). By 1995 the absolute values of atherogenicity coefficient decreased significantly; for women in a greater degree. By 2005 the correlation of pro-atherogenic factor to atherogenic one has slightly increased however stayed lower in relation to 1985.

Conclusion. In the year 1995 in Siberian population blood TC, non-HDL–C, LDL–С and TG levels appeared to be lower than in 1985 and 2005. Blood HDL–C content was increasing with each decade. Atherogenicity coefficient decreased during the first decade (by 1995), and during the subsequent years slightly increased for women, but did not change significantly for men.
SOCIO-ECONOMIC EFFECTIVENESS OF HEALTH SCREENING ACTIVITY IN 2013 IN RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors: Kontsevaya A. V. , Kalinina A. M. , Boytsov S. A. , Ipatov P. V.
Published: November 2015

Aim. To estimate long-term socio-economic effectiveness of broad health screening activity of adults by the results in the year 2013.

Material and methods. The study is performed with the method of mathematic modelling using the results of completed in the year 2013 health screening and with an estimate for adult productive and economically active age (up to 72) for 10-year perspective of potentially prevented deaths from the main chronic non-infectious diseases (CHID), saved years of life and economic expenses by 1 year of saved life.

Results. Through analyzed malignant tumours (MT) maximum deaths are to be prevented from breast cancer. The most significant effect of the performed screening is decrease of cardiovascular (CV) deaths — quantity of potentially saved lifes at productive age during 10 years would be 10 times higher than from MT. Screening for the studied CHID is characteristic for certain economic expediency, because expenses on 1 year of potentially saved life appeared lower than gross domestic product by one inhabitant. The most economic expediency of screening was found at the matter of CV diseases: expenses on 1 year of saved productve life (15,5th RUR) and economically active age (11th RUR), that is significantly lower than domestic gross product by inhabitant. Return of investments into health improvement thank to earlier diagnostics of CHID and further treatment would reach 10 RUR per each invested 1 RUR by 10 years.

Conclusion. The analysis and calculations showed a significant positive effect of health screening in 2013, most of all due to earlier diagnostics and complex action against CV diseases and MT, which are included into screening and observation. Expenses on 1 year of saved life were lower than domestic gross product by inhabitant (in prices of the 2013) and return of investment by maintaining labour potential of economically active population was 10 RUR by 1 invested RUR during 10 years. Economic efficiency of health screening as a strategy to prevent premature death, preventable death and to keep health is clear.
EFFECTS OF OLMESARTAN ON LOCAL AND REGIONAL RIGIDITY OF ARTERIES IN ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE
Authors: Matrosova I. B. , Melnikova E. A. , Oleynikov V. E.
Published: November 2015

Aim. To evaluate 24-week treatment by olmesartan on rigidity of arteries in different vessel areas in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) with 1–2 grade arterial hypertension (AH).

Material and methods. Into open-label, non-randomized trial 25 patients with CHD and 1–2 grade AH were included. During 24-week treatment period patients received olmesartan medoxomil 20–40 mg daily. Baseline and final parameters of arterial wall stiffness were measured using ultrasound method with echotracking. The thickness of intima-media (TIMC) was defined. To evaluate regional vessel stiffness the volume sphygmography method was used.

Results. Acorrding to the data of volume sphygmography terapy by olmesartan significantly decrease PWVao by 19,4%, R-PWV b L-PWV — by 11,9% and 11,6% (p<0,05). CAVI1 decreased by 9,3%; L–CAVI1 — by 13,7%, CAVI2 — на 14,9% (p<0,05). В-PWV did not change significantly. During 24-week medication treatment the regress of carotid atherosclerosis was marked: decrease of TIMC from 773,6±155,7 μm to 736,3±124,1 μm (p<0,05). The values loc P sys and loc P dia significantly decreased by 13,5% and 11% (p<0,05); rigidity index β by 19,1% (p<0,05). Also we marked the increase of transverse pliability by 3,3% (p<0,05) and decrease of loc PWV by 17% (p<0,05). The coefficient of transverse pliability, locAix and DOCA did not show significant changes.

Conclusion. Addition of olmesartan to the standard treatment of CHD and AH showed significant improvement of local and regional stiffness.