bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Philosophizing as a Praxis of Variation
Authors: Wellmann Tom , Werni Bernadette
Published: December 2024

The article argues that, before asking particular questions concerning the relevance of history of philosophy for philosophy teaching at the pre-university level, we need a reference theory that explains the relationship of doing philosophy and history of philosophy in general terms and in a way that is suitable for the context of philosophy education. The formulation of the underlying metaphilosophical problem takes its depart from Hegels philosophy of the history of philosophy. Subsequently, the article proposes to understand doing philosophy and the history of philosophy as two aspects of a structurally unified play of variations. In developing this thesis, the article makes use of Jan Assmann’s Theory of Cultural Memory and Hans Blumenberg’s theory and practice of history of philosophy.
Development and Performance Evaluation of a Coffee Cherry Size Grading Machine
Authors: Berhanu Tolasa , Olaniyan Adesoji , Alemayehu Habatamu
Published: December 2024

The coffee cherry processing industry traditionally relies on the dry method, involving harvesting, drying, and dehulling. Conventional dehulling machines with fixed drum clearances struggle to handle natural size variations, leading to inefficiencies and increased cherry breakage. To address these challenges, an innovative coffee cherry-size grading machine has been developed, utilizing an inclined oscillating sieve technique powered by a diesel engine through a belt drive. Key components include a feeding hopper, reciprocating grading sieve assembly, support frame, and power transmission system. A comprehensive performance evaluation focused on grading efficiency and capacity, exploring various operational parameters: feed rates (5, 10, 15 kg min-1), sieve angles (7˚, 9˚, 11˚), and speeds (80, 140, 200 rpm). Using a split-split-plot block design for data analysis, the study yielded promising results. Maximum grading efficiency of 88.40% was achieved at 15 kg min-1 feed rate, 8 rpm speed, and 7˚ sieve angle, with a capacity of 137.11 kg h-1 and 4.96% sieve clogging rate. ANOVA revealed significant influences of operational speed and sieve inclination angle on performance parameters. These findings offer valuable insights for optimizing coffee cherry processing, potentially enhancing efficiency and quality in the industry.
Muharrik Radyal Lastik Çapının Çeki Performansına Etkisi
Authors: Demir Necmettin Oğuz , Çarman Kazım , Çıtıl Ergün
Published: December 2024

Özellikle orta ve yüksek güç aralığındaki tarım traktörlerinin temel amacı çeki geliştirmektir. Bir traktörün değeri, işin yapılması için harcanan maliyete göre yapılan iş miktarıyla ölçülür. İlerleme hızının ve çeki kuvvetinin fonksiyonu çeki gücüdür. Bu çalışmada, çeki performansı üzerine üç farklı radyal lastik ölçüsünün ve aks yükünün etkileri, yapılan deneylerle elde edilen veriler yardımıyla incelenerek değerlendirilmiştir. Denemeler, sert tarla yolu üzerinde yürütülmüştür. Denemelerde tek tekerlek test sistemi kullanılmıştır. Patinaj, çeki gücü, aks gücü, net çeki oranı ve çeki verimliliği değerleri, performans değerleri olarak elde edilmiştir. Çeki kuvvetine bağlı olarak; patinaj değerleri %1.2 ile %19.10, net çeki oranı 0.14 ile 0.8 arasında ve çeki verimliliği ise 0.35 ile 0.84 değerleri arasında değişmiştir. Çeki verimliliği değerlerine yapılan varyans analizi sonuçlarına göre tekerlek lastik ölçüsünün ve aks yükünün çeki verimliliği üzerine etkisinin önemli olduğu bulunmuştur (P
Justicia inteligente: reinventando la modernización digital con IA en modulo laboral del Poder Judicial
Authors: Espejo Vargas Zuliana del Carmen , Vargas Flores Rosa Luz , Romero Graus Carlos Hernán , García Lizárraga Dwight Guillermo , Ventura González Christian Iván
Published: December 2024

En un contexto global donde los avances tecnológicos marcan el rumbo de diversas instituciones, el Poder Judicial no ha quedado al margen de esta transformación; “Justicia inteligente: reinventando la modernización digital con IA, en modulo laboral del Poder Judicial”, analiza de manera profunda y accesible cómo la inteligencia artificial (IA) está jugando un papel clave en la modernización de los procesos judiciales. Esta obra muestra cómo la IA está mejorando la eficiencia y seguridad en áreas críticas, tales como la entrega de depósitos judiciales y la gestión de expedientes. A lo largo del texto, se exponen los desafíos que han ralentizado esta modernización, como la alta carga procesal, la falta de infraestructura tecnológica adecuada y las limitaciones humanas. Sin embargo, el libro demuestra cómo la IA tiene el potencial de solucionar estos problemas mediante la automatización de tareas repetitivas y la optimización en la gestión de datos, lo que permite una mayor agilidad en los procesos judiciales. Además, se presenta cómo la tecnología fortalece la identidad digital de los usuarios del sistema, lo que incrementa la seguridad y fiabilidad de los trámites. Un aspecto clave de la obra es la presentación de modelos internacionales que han aplicado con éxito estas innovaciones, lo que brinda ejemplos prácticos y aplicables a distintos contextos judiciales. De este modo, el libro invita a la reflexión sobre la necesidad de adaptar el sistema judicial a los tiempos actuales. Más allá de las mejoras operativas, el texto se alinea con los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible de la ONU, promoviendo la innovación en la infraestructura judicial y contribuyendo a un acceso más rápido y justo a la justicia para todos los ciudadanos. Por último, el libro plantea reflexiones esenciales sobre la confiabilidad de la IA en la toma de decisiones judiciales y explora tanto los riesgos como los enormes beneficios que su correcta implementación puede traer. Así, esta obra se convierte en una herramienta indispensable para comprender el futuro de la justicia en la era digital.
ТУТЫР: СУЩНОСТНАЯ ИДЕНТИФИКАЦИЯ В КОНТЕКСТЕ ХРИСТИАНСКИХ И МУСУЛЬМАНСКИХ ПАРАЛЛЕЛЕЙ
Authors: КЦОЕВА С.Г.
Published: December 2024

Статья представляет собой проверку сообщений Вс. Ф Миллера, касающихся характеристики Тутыра как патрона волков в осетинском этнорелигиозном пантеоне. По утверждению Вс.Ф. Миллера, и имя Тутыра, и его функциональные особенности восходят к христианскому святому великомученику Феодору Тирскому, однако ни сам Вс.Ф. Миллер, ни В.И. Абаев не приводят никаких подтверждающих данных о связи Феодора Тирона с волками, и, таким образом, получается, что единственное, что точно связывает Тутыра с Тироном – это отдаленное сходство имен. Таким образом, одной из задач статьи является анализ кросс-религиозного «родства» Тутыра и Феодора Тирона. При характеристике особенностей Тутыра Вс. Миллер упоминает о том, что у мусульманской части осетин патрон волков ассоциировался с царем Иродом без уточнения, о каком именно библейском Ироде идет речь. В связи с этим другой задачей настоящего исследования является поиск ответа на вопрос о том, какой из царей Иродов воспринимался в качестве прототипа Тутыра, а также о том, почему данная неожиданная ассоциация получила распространение именно в мусульманской части осетинского общества в период, когда жил и работал Вс.Ф. Миллер. Новизна темы исследования обусловлена тем, что образ Тутыра как сакрального персонажа осетинского этнорелигиозного пантеона никогда не становился объектом изучения в подобном ключе, и данное утверждение Вс. Миллера впервые подвергается научной проверке.

The article is a verification of the messages of Vs. F. Miller concerning the characterization of Tutyr as the patron of wolves in the Ossetian ethno-religious pantheon. According to Vs. F. Miller, both the name of Tutyr and his functional features go back to the Christian holy great martyr Theodore of Tyre, however, neither Vs. F. Miller nor V. I. Abaev provide any supporting data on the connection of Theodore of Tyre with wolves, and thus it turns out that the only thing that definitely connects Tutyr with Tyr is the distant similarity of the names. Thus, one of the objectives of the article is to analyze the cross-religious "kinship" of Tutyr and Theodore of Tyre. When characterizing the features of Tutyr, Miller mentions that among the Muslim part of the Ossetians, the patron of wolves was associated with King Herod without specifying which biblical Herod is being discussed. In this regard, another objective of this study is to find an answer to the question of which of the Herodian kings was perceived as the prototype of Tutyr, as well as why this unexpected association became widespread in the Muslim part of Ossetian society during the period when Vs. F. Miller lived and worked. The novelty of the research topic is due to the fact that the image of Tutyr as a sacred character of the Ossetian ethnoreligious pantheon has never become an object of study in this vein, and this assertion of Miller has never been reviewed.
СРОК ЖИЗНИ ИНФОРМАЦИИ В СЕТИ: АНАЛИЗ ИНФОПОВОДОВ В TELEGRAM-КАНАЛАХ ДАГЕСТАНА
Authors: ГАБАРАЕВА М.Р.
Published: December 2024

Социальные сети являются хранилищем больших данных и позволяют исследовать различные формы социального взаимодействия между пользователями, группами пользователей и крупными сообществами. Высокая скорость обмена данными в соцсетях позволяет информации моментально распространяться по миру. Изучение распространения информации в сети возможно в двух вариантах – в пространстве и во времени. В первом случае рассматриваются акторы, передающие информацию и связи между ними, тогда как во втором случае рассматривается время жизни информации. В данной статье предлагается анализ 5 информационных поводов дагестанского сегмента мессенджера Telegram. В дальнейшем необходимо подтверждение данных с помощью анализа онлайн-пространства других регионов СКФО, однако на основании данного исследования можно делать предварительные выводы. Выявлены сроки жизни событий разной тематики в Telegram-каналах. Проведено сопоставление призывов к протестам против мобилизации в Махачкале в сентябре 2022 г. и 4 резонансных инфоповодов. Анализ показал, что срок жизни информации в сети мало зависит от ее тематики и составляет от 5 до 10 дней. Основное отличие протестной тематики заключается в наличии предварительной подготовки, необходимой для создания недовольства, число публикаций начинается с малого с последующим выходом на пиковые значения в день протеста. В случае с обычными информационными поводами число публикаций является максимальным в день события с постепенным снижением к нулю.

Social networks are a storage of big data and allow researchers to explore various forms of social interactions between users, user groups, and large communities. The high speed of data exchange in social networks allows information to spread instantly around the world. The study of the dissemination of information online is usually done in two ways – in space and in time. The first case considers the actors transmitting information and the connections between them, while the second one considers the lifetime of information. This article offers an analysis of 5 news stories in the Dagestan segment of the Telegram messenger. In the future, it is necessary to confirm this data by analyzing the online space of other regions of the North Caucasus Federal District, but preliminary conclusions can be drawn based on this study. The lifespans of events of different topics in Telegram channels were identified. A comparison was made of calls for protests against mobilization in Makhachkala in September 2022 and 4 resonant news items. The analysis showed that the lifespan of information online depends little on its topic and ranges from 5 to 10 days. The main difference with protest is the presence of preliminary preparation necessary to create discontent: the number of publications starts small and then reaches peak values on the day of the protest. In the case of ordinary news stories, the number of publications is maximum on the day of the event with a gradual decrease to zero.
Safety Assessment on the Safety and Efficacy of an Additive of Endo-1,4-Beta-Xylanase, Alpha-Amylase and Subtilisin Protease (Avizyme® 1505) as a Feed Additive for All Avian species. (RP1341)
Authors:   Food Standards Agency,   Food Standards Scotland
Published: December 2024

An application was submitted to the Food Standards Agency in November 2021 from Genencor International B.V (‘the applicant’) for the modification and new authorisation of an additive (Avizyme® 1505) containing endo-1,4-beta-xylanase produced by Trichoderma reesei (ATCC PTA 5588), subtilisin protease produced by Bacillus subtilis (ATCC 2107) and alpha-amylase produced by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (ATCC 3978), under the category ‘zootechnical’ additive, functional group ‘digestibility enhancer’. The additive is proposed to be used in all avian species for fattening, reared for laying, and reared for breeding (except ducks) at an inclusion rate of 0.125 kg/tonne, in all avian species for laying (except ducks) at an inclusion rate of 0.2 kg/tonne, and for all ducks at an inclusion rate of 0.05 kg/tonne.

To support the Food Standards Agency (FSA) and Food Standards Scotland (FSS) in evaluating the dossier, the Advisory Committee on Animal Feedingstuffs (ACAF) were asked to review the dossier and the supplementary information from the applicant.

The FSA/FSS concluded, based on the ACAF’s advice, that the additive was correctly characterised, and that the additive is stable in premixtures and feedingstuffs for 16 months at 20 °C. The additive is stable during pelleting at 90 °C for 30 seconds. Homogeneity in feed was also demonstrated.

The additive can be considered safe for the target animal, the consumer and the environment. The additive is a mild irritant to the skin and eyes and is not a dermal sensitiser. The additive contains enzymes that are potential respiratory sensitisers, and measures should be taken to avoid contact through inhalation.

It was concluded that Avizyme® 1505 is efficacious for all avian species for fattening, reared for breeding and reared for laying (except ducks), and for all avian species for laying (except ducks) at the proposed inclusion rates detailed under the conditions of use of the additive. Efficacy in ducks at the proposed inclusion rate was only demonstrated for the first 42 days.

The views of ACAF have been taken into account in the safety assessment which represents the opinion of the FSA and FSS.
Application of probability theory in machine selection
Authors:   School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Hanoi University of Industry, Vietnam, Trung Do Duc , Diep Manh Thi ,   School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Hanoi University of Industry, Vietnam, Duc Duong Van ,   School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Hanoi University of Industry, Vietnam, Bao Nguyen Chi ,   School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Hanoi University of Industry, Vietnam, Son Nguyen Hoai ,   School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Hanoi University of Industry, Vietnam
Published: December 2024

Machine selection plays a crucial role as it impacts various aspects of production, including technical, economic, and environmental factors. Choosing a machine that ensures a balance among all these aspects is a complex task, as each type of machine involves numerous parameters that need consideration, and these parameters may sometimes conflict with one another. This study applies the probability method to select the optimal machine from the available options. It can be asserted that this is the first study utilizing probability for machine selection. The application of probability to choose the optimal machine has been carried out in five cases to select five different types of machines across various fields. The results of machine selection using the probability method have been compared with those obtained using other methods. This study has demonstrated that using probability ensures accuracy in machine selection.
Analisis Hukum Kendaraan Bermotor Pasca Penerapan Pasal 74 Undang-Undang Nomor 22 Tahun 2009
Authors: Bakhtiar Zaeni Aji
Published: December 2024

Article 74 of Law Number 22 of 2009 concerning Road Traffic and Transportation has underpinned the police's efforts in regulating the elimination of motor vehicles that do not meet operational standards. However, the implementation of this article often creates a legal dilemma for vehicle owners whose vehicles have been administratively abolished but still have a valid BPKB. This article explores the paradox between the legal and operational status of the vehicle, highlighting the discrepancy between the legality documents and the operational feasibility of the vehicle. Using Sudikno Mertokusumo's theory of legal certainty and Jeremy Bentham's theory of utilitarianism, this analysis seeks to provide recommendations for regulatory adjustments to address these disparities, ensure social justice, and improve compliance with safety and environmental standards. As a result, the application of Article 74 of Law Number 22 of 2009 concerning Traffic and Road Transportation to motor vehicles with BPKB which is declared "fraudulent" creates a legal dilemma for vehicle owners. Although the vehicle administratively has valid documents, it no longer meets operational standards, which reduces economic value and poses legal challenges for the owner
The influence of compensation, job stress, and job satisfaction on employee performance in the outsourcing company PT. Citra Bersama
Authors: Martono Zwietsy , Rangkuti Freddy
Published: December 2024

This study aims to analyze the influence of job compensation, job stress, and job satisfaction on employee performance in the outsourcing company PT Citra Bersama. The research method used is a quantitative approach with survey techniques. The research population consists of 70 employees working in the company. The analysis results show that job compensation does not have a significant influence on employee performance in the outsourcing company PT Citra Bersama. Job stress does not have a significant relationship with employee performance. Job satisfaction has a significant influence on employee performance in the outsourcing company PT Citra Bersama. Factors such as recognition of performance, career development opportunities, and work-life balance are important in improving employee job satisfaction.
Yama e Mara como representações da morte
Authors: De Souza Fernando Rodrigues
Published: December 2024

A morte é uma preocupação evidente nas diversas religiosidades, incluindo o budismo, uma tradição de origem indiana que tem sua fundação atribuída a Siddharta Gautama, o Buda histórico. Os textos canônicos da religião que mencionam sua busca pela iluminação relatam embates com um demônio chamado Mara, que, para os budistas, é o símbolo ou alegoria da morte. A vitória de Buda e a consequente iluminação apresentam aos religiosos o caminho que deve ser percorrido para vencer as ilusões da mente e a morte. Similarmente, Yama, o "Senhor da Morte", é uma entidade presente em diferentes tradições do budismo, também oferecendo aos praticantes possibilidades de compreensão acerca do fim da vida e dos atributos que devem ser desenvolvidos para alcançar a libertação do ciclo de mortes e renascimentos. Assim, o presente artigo, realizado por meio de revisão de literatura, tem como objetivo analisar as figuras de Mara e Yama como símbolos da morte na religião budista, oferecendo contribuições para a tanatologia religiosa e trazendo esclarecimentos sobre como a simbologia budista pode contribuir para a vida dos praticantes e seu preparo físico e mental, através do desenvolvimento de condutas virtuosas, preparando-os para o momento da morte.
Ulus devlet inşasında dil birliği çabalarının basındaki yansımaları: “Vatandaş Türkçe konuş!” kampanyası
Authors: Gülbak Okan , Kaba Tuğce
Published: December 2024

Bu çalışma, ulus devlet ve ulusal kimlik inşasında dil politikalarının basına yansımalarından hareketle 1930’lu yıllarda hayata geçirilmeye çalışılan “Vatandaş Türkçe Konuş” kampanyasının toplumsal izdüşümlerini, siyasi tarih bağlamında açıklamayı ve anlamlandırmayı amaçlamaktadır. Bu amaçla 1930’lu yıllarda Türk basınında yer bulan ve kampanyayı yansıtan haber ve başlıklara odaklanılarak açık erişimli gazete arşivleri taranmış ve nitel analiz yöntemlerinden tematik analiz yöntemiyle incelenmiştir. Yapılan analiz sonucunda, toplam altı gazetede kampanya ile ilgili başlık ve haberlere 1934 yılı yoğunlukta olmak üzere 1930-1938 yılları arasında yer verildiği ve Musevilik/Yahudilik ile öğrenci gençler temaları altında toplandığı görülmüştür. Musevilik/Yahudilik teması altında bulunan haber ve başlıklar, takip edilen dil politikasının toplumsal düzeydeki yansımalarının toplumun tüm katmanlarından ziyade, esas itibariyle Yahudileri merkeze aldığını gösterirken; diğer tema ise söz konusu yansımalarda devletin dolaylı temsilciliğini gazeteler, köşe yazarları ve öğrenci gençler üzerinden yürüttüğünü ortaya çıkarmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre dil birliği çabalarının yalnızca azınlıklar gibi toplumun belirli bir kesimine yönelik değil; aynı zamanda dili iyi konuşmaya eğilim göstermeyen ve yabancı sözcükler kullanmada ısrarcı olan toplumun tüm kesimlerine hitap ettiği saptanmıştır. Dolayısıyla “Vatandaş Türkçe Konuş” kampanyasının arzulanan vatandaş inşa etme sürecinde, yalnızca azınlıkları değil, tüm toplumu hedeflediği tespit edilmiştir.
İTİL BOYLARINDA REKABET: BULGARLAR VE MOĞOLLAR
Authors: Üren Umut
Published: December 2024

Cengiz Han’ın temellerini atmış olduğu Moğol İmparatorluğu şüphesiz kendi döneminin en güçlü siyasi organizasyonlarından birisi idi. Han, yalnızca dağınık Moğol boylarını bir araya getirmekle kalmayarak ardıllarına büyük bir miras bıraktı: ‘cihan hakimiyeti’ düşüncesi. Bu düşünce doğrultusunda ilk adımları Cengiz henüz hayattayken atmayı başardı. Harezm bölgesinin Moğol idaresine girmesinin ardından batıdaki topraklar Moğol seferleri için yeni bir güzergâh olarak açıldı. Bunun yanında hanın en büyük oğlu Cuci’ye emanet ettiği Kıpçak bozkırı Moğollar için önemli bir harekât alanına dönüştü. 1223 yılında Kalka’da birleşik Kıpçak-Rus ordusunu mağlup eden Moğollar için yaşam şartları açısından da yabancı olmayan Karadeniz’in kuzey bozkır kuşağına kavuşuldu. Cengiz’in ardından hanlık makamını elde eden Ogeday, babasının vasiyetine sadık kalarak Moğolların bölgedeki gayeleri için çalıştı. Cuci Ulusunun şöhretli şehzadesi Batu da ondan geri durmadı. Böylece Moğollar kısa denilebilecek bir zaman zarfında, Ogeday saltanatının bitişine kadar Macar Ovasına kadar ulaştılar. Bu fetih hareketlerinin ilk aşamalarını teşkil eden İtil boylarının zaptı kısmen sancılı oldu. Doğu Avrupa’da Moğollar; Kıpçak, Bulgar, Rus, Alan ve yerli bazı topluluklarla bir dizi savaş yaşadı. Ancak söz konusu mücadelelerde Moğol ordularını en çok yıpratan Bulgarlar oldu. Bulgarlar, yalnızca Doğu Avrupa’daki Moğol egemenliğini geciktirmekle kalmayarak, Moğollarla yaşadıkları sürecin sonunda bölge kaderine yön verecek bazı tarihi gelişmelerde de rol aldılar. Buna rağmen “Moğol işgal çağı” gibi bir adlandırma ile özellikle Rus ve Avrupa merkezli tarih yazıcılığında işlenen konuda uzun bir süre bazı meseleler hızlı geçildi, Bulgarlar gibi ayrıntılar kısmen karanlık kaldı. Ancak son yıllarda bu hususta ciddi bir aşamanın kat edildiğine şahit oluyoruz. Gerek Bulgar gerekse Moğollar özelinde kaleme alınan çalışmalarda “Bulgar-Moğol ilişkilerine” ayrılan bölümlerde ciddi bir artış söz konusudur. Bununla birlikte doğrudan bu tema çerçevesinde makale, bildiri ve kitap bölümü gibi akademik üretimler de çoğalmaktadır. Araştırmadaki gayemiz belli bir ivme kazanan Bulgar-Moğol münasebetleri hususunda dönem kaynaklarındaki verileri kullanarak bazı hususlara dikkat çekmektedir. 1223-1236 yılları arasıyla sınırlanan çalışmamızda doğu ve batı kaynaklarında yer alan bilgiler mukayese edilerek, bazı sınır çarpışmaları, daha büyük boyutlu savaşlar, ordular, komutanlar ve kentler gibi ayrıntılar üzerinde durulmuştur.
Features of the use of neural network technology for recognizing graphic images of thermokarst objects
Authors: Zhebsain Vasiliy V. , Gololobov Artem Yu. , Basharin Nikolay I. , Poselsky Ayal F.
Published: December 2024

The article presents the results of using neural networks to solve the problem of identifying thermokarst formations observed in regions of permafrost, in particular Central Yakutia, using graphical data from UAVs and Google and Yandex mapping services. Two different approaches were used to solve the problem under consideration, based on the use of multilayer and convolutional neural networks. The dependences of the efficiency and errors of neural networks on the speed and number of learning epochs are studied. The results of the approaches under consideration were compared and the possibility of using neural network technologies to identify thermokarst polygonal formations characteristic of Central Yakutia was assessed.
Dynamics analysis of some environmental variables in natural and technogenic geosystems of the steppe Urals based on satellite data
Authors: Myachina Ksenia V. , Shchavelev Anton N. , Ryakhov Roman V.
Published: December 2024

Analysis of the dynamics of the main greenhouse gases content in the atmosphere and related climate variables in certain territories is one of the approaches to solving modern environmental and climatic problems. The purpose of the paper is to study the dynamics of some environment-forming variables in the natural-technogenic geosystem of an oil and gas field in the Ural part of the Volga-Ural steppe region. In the study area, zone 1 with a natural-technogenic geosystem and zone 2 with the original landscape are identified. The change in the content of two main greenhouse gases — carbon dioxide and methane — in the atmosphere of zones 1 and 2, fluctuations in temperature and albedo of the landscape surface, and moisture content in vegetation were analyzed. Satellite images and freely available products were used as source materials: OCO-2 (2015-2021), Sentinel-5P (2018-2024), Landsat-8 (2013-2022). A slight increase in the average concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere of zone 1 compared to zone 2, a lower content of methane in the atmosphere of zone 1 compared to zone 2, a stable increase in the concentration of both greenhouse gases over the study area, as well as changes in temperature, humidity and radiation balances in technogenic transformed landscapes of zone 1 (an increase in surface temperature with a decrease in moisture content in the vegetation cover and the reflectivity of landscapes) were discovered. Thus, recent satellite images make it possible to reveal the dynamics of a number of environmental variables, including greenhouse gases, in areas of research interest.
Resistir y rechazar es la clave de la emancipación
Authors: Chaves Nicolás , Ledesma Prietto Nadia
Published: December 2024

En este trabajo nos interesa profundizar en los vínculos entre la contracultura Hardcore-Punk y el activismo contra el maltrato y por la liberación animal. Nos proponemos visibilizar y analizar distintas acciones que transcurrieron entre la segunda mitad de la década del ochenta y la primera mitad de los años noventa del siglo XX, desde marchas contra McDonald’s, notas contra el sufrimiento animal y difusión del vegetarianismo hasta las acciones de grupos de afinidad y colectivos como la Cooperativa Straight Edge Libertaria. Sostenemos que el activismo por la liberación animal no fue una cuestión secundaria para quienes se sentían interpeladxs por la contracultura Hardcore-Punk, sino que formaba parte de las luchas contra el sistema. A partir del análisis de fanzines, flyers y la realización de entrevistas nos interesa hacer hincapié en las redes e intertextualidades desplegadas a través del tiempo y el espacio.
Use of ultrasound to evaluation interstitial lung disease in rheumatic disease
Authors: Ovsyannikova O. B. , Koneva O. A. , Garzanova L. A. , Ananyeva L. P.
Published: December 2024

Interstitial lung disease is one of the most relevant extra-articular manifestations of rheumatic diseases resulting in a substantial increase in morbidity and mortality. Early diagnosis and close monitoring to identify patients at risk of progression are crucial to establish the need for targeted treatment with immunomodulatory and antifibrotic drugs, with potential ability to change the course of the disease. High resolution computed tomography (HRCT) is the standard radiographic technique to diagnose lung involvement in patients suffering from respiratory symptoms or presenting with a pathological pulmonary function test. HRCT is able to detect changes in the lung before they are apparent on conventional X-ray. Recently, sonography of the lung was introduced as a safe and easily available method for detecting lung fibrosis, bronchiolitis or pneumothorax Sonographic signs like tissue B-lines, irregularities of the pleura or the absence of lung sliding might be a suitable screening tool for lung involvement. In this context, lung ultrasound (LUS) is an attractive tool in a growing research and validation process.
Rheumatoid arthritis with onset in old age: From immune aging to the organization of specialized care
Authors: Aboleshina A. V.
Published: December 2024

The onset of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in the old age differs from that at an earlier age in terms of severity of course, disease activity, response to therapy, and outcomes, which has led to the suggestion of a specific phenotype of RA with onset in old age. However, the difficulties of managing the elderly patient with RA are not only due to the specific features of the main disease, but also due to other factors: multimorbidity, polypharmacy and geriatric syndromes (sarcopenia, senile asthenia, falls, cognitive deficit, incontinence). Such a combination of clinical conditions significantly exacerbates not only the course of the main disease, but also complicates the decision-making process regarding the optimal tactics for the overall patient management. The existing difficulties of managing elderly patients with RA have not yet led to the formation of a generally accepted approach; however, to solve this problem, a comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) has been proposed. CGA is a diagnostic process aimed at evaluating the physical, psycho-emotional status, functional abilities and social problems of the elderly person in order to keep their independence, general functioning, as well as to optimize medical and social care.
Features of B cell subsets in primary Sjogren’s syndrome and systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Benevolenskaya S. S. , Kudriavtsev I. V. , Serebriakova M. K. , Grigor’yeva I. N. , Kuvardin E. S. , Budkova A. I. , Koniakhin S. V. , Zammoeva D. B. , Motorin D. B. , Zaritskey A. Yu. , Gaydukova I. Z. , Gaydukova E. K. , Lapin S. V. , Maslyanskiy A. L.
Published: December 2024

Background. Lymphocyte subsets in autoimmune diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and primary Sjogren’s syndrome (pSS), have been intensively studied in recent years. However, their clinical and diagnostic significance has not been finally determined.

The aim of the study – to investigate features and diagnostic utility of B cell subcets in systemic lupus erythematosus and primary Sjogren’s syndrome.

Material and methods. A total of 27 SLE patients, 41 pSS patients and 49 healthy volunteers were included in the study. Phenotyping of blood B cell subpopulations was carried out by means of flow cytometry. All peripheral blood B cells were identified by using CD19 antibody, detection of subpopulations of B cells based on expression of IgD, CD38, CD27. Statistical analysis was carried out using Statistica v. 12.0 (StatSoft Inc., USA). The absolute and relative values of B lymphocyte subpopulations were evaluated using three main classifications: based on IgD and CD38 co-expression, IgD and CD27 co-expression as well as CD38 and CD27 co-expression. For comparison of quantitative traits, the Mann – Whitney U-test and Kruskal – Wallis test were used. Method of discriminant analysis was performed to evaluate diagnostic utility of B cell subsets.

Results. The most significant discriminant model was obtained using the relative values of all subpopulations.

In this model the top significance was documented while assessing the percentage of «unswitched» memory В-cells (IgDdimCD27dim), «naive» (IgDdimCD38low) and activated «naive» B cells (IgDdimCD38dim), germinal center progenitor B cells (IgDhiCD38hi), germinal center B cells (IgDdimCD38hi) and «transient» B cells (CD27lowCD38hi), model percent correct was 75.2% (p<0.05). During ROC analysis, performed for the differential diagnosis of healthy and sick patients, this discriminant model had a sensitivity of 70.6% and a specificity of 85.7%, the area under the curve (AUC) – 0.91 (p<0.001). Among the group of ill patients, distinguishing between SLE and pSS showed a sensitivity of 81.5% and а specificity of 80.5%, AUC=0.84 (p<0.001).

Conclusion. B cell subsets might provide an additional diagnostic tool to differentiate between SLE and pSS.
Appendicular lean mass in women with rheumatoid arthritis: Focus on immunological markers
Authors: Dobrovolskaya O. V. , Demin N. V. , Feklistov A. Yu. , Diatroptov M. E. , Samarkina E. Yu. , Toroptsova N. V.
Published: December 2024

Aim – to evaluate the association among appendicular lean mass and immunological markers of blood serum in women with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).Material and methods. 200 women with RA (median age – 60.0 [52.5; 65.5] years) were enrolled in the study. Using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry appendicular lean mass (ALM) was measured to determine the sarcopenic phenotype of body composition. The assessment of C-reactive protein (CRP), rheumatoid factor, and antibodies to cyclic citrullinated peptide was also performed. The levels of serum myostatin, follistatin, interleukin 6 (IL-6), IL-6 receptors, insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), adiponectin, leptin, fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23), tumor necrosis factor SF12 (superfamily member 12) were studied in 87 patients.Results. According to the presence of the sarcopenic phenotype the patients differed in the levels of CRP (8.6 [1.3; 22.2] and 5.6 [1.2; 17.4] mg/l, respectively; p=0.041) and leptin (3.8 [2.4; 5.7] and 5.4 [3.8; 6.9] ng/ml, respectively; p=0.030). ALM correlated with the levels of CRP, follistatin and leptin. Linear multivariate regression analysis revealed the association between ALM index and follistatin (β=–0.35; p=0.007), IGF1 (β=–0.38; p=0.002), leptin (β=0.36; p=0.004) and FGF23 (β=0.33; p=0.008).Conclusion. The study showed that there is an association between the lean mass and the level of follistatin, IGF-1, leptin and FGF23 in patients with RA.
Determining the probability of spondyloarthritis in patients with uveitis
Authors: Godzenko A. A. , Razumova I. Yu. , Glukhova S. I.
Published: December 2024

Background. Uveitis is a heterogeneous group of inflammatory eye diseases, some of which may be associated with spondyloarthritis (SpA). The probability of SpA depends on the clinical features of uveitis.The aim – to develop a prognostic formula for determining the probability of spondyloarthritis in patients with uveitisMethods. 208 patients (pts) (79 men and 129 women) with different forms of uveitis, referred by ophthalmologists to the V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology, were assessed. The onset of uveitis at the age ≤30 years took place in 107/208 pts (51.44%), over 30 years – in 101 (48.56%). 139/208 pts had acute recurrent uveitis, 69 – chronic; 149 had isolated anterior uveitis (АU), 59 – posterior eye involvement, 160 had unilateral uveitis, 48 – bilateral; HLA-B27 was detected in 159 pts. Various SpA were identified in 60 cases and not confirmed in 148 pts. Groups of pts with and without SpA were compared by gender, age of uveitis onset, presence of HLA-B27, and clinical features of uveitis.Result. SpA was diagnosed in 45/139 pts with acute recurrent uveitis , and was not confirmed in 94/139 (odds ratio (OR) – 1.723; 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 0.879–3.379; p=0.113); SpA was confirmed in 15/69 pts with chronic uveitis, in 54/69 – with other forms of uveitis (OR=0.597; 95% CI: 0.304–1.172; p=0.134). SpA was diagnosed in 51/160 pts with unilateral uveitis and was not diagnosed in 109/160 (OR=2.028; 95% CI: 0.913–4.501; p=0.082); out of 48 pts with bilateral uveitis was 9 with SpA and 39 without SpA (OR=0.493; 95% CI: 0.222–1.095; p=0.082); among 149 pts with isolated AU – 55 with SpA and 94 without SpA (OR=6.319; 95% CI: 2.384–16.749; p=0.001); of 59 pts with panuveitis – 5 with SpA and 54 without SpA (OR=0.158; 95% CI: 0.060–0.419; p=0.001); among 159 HLA-B27-positive – 56 with SpA and 103 without SpA (OR=6.117; 95% CI: 2.091–17.888; p=0.001); the onset of uveitis at the age of ≤30 years was in 44/107 pts with SpA and in 63/107 – without SpA (OR=3.710; 95% CI: 1.921–7.168; p=0.001); SpA was confirmed in 39/79 male pts and was not confirmed in 40 (OR=5.014; 95% CI: 2.637–9.535; p=0.001).A formula to determine the probability of SpA in pts with uveitis was obtained by the method of multifactorial discriminant analysis: 1.972 × Х1 + 1.476 × Х2 + 1.418 × Х3 + 1.270 × Х4 + 0.668 × Х5 + 0.162 × Х6, where X1 – male; X2 – the onset of uveitis at the age of ≤30 years; X3 – HLA-B27; X4 – isolated anterior uveitis; X5 – unilateral uveitis; X6 – acute recurrent uveitis.If the amount is greater than 4.552, the probability of SpA is estimated as high, if the amount is less than or equal to 4.552, it is low.Conclusion. A combination of significant clinical parameters of uveitis (male, onset of uveitis at the age ≤30 years, HLA-B27, isolated anterior uveitis, unilateral lesion, acute recurrent course) allows to quantify the risk of SpA, that contributes to the timely diagnosis.
Long-term nimesulide use in osteoarthritis: Assessment of requirement, efficacy and safety. Data from the openlabel 3-month observational study NORMA (Nimesulide in Osteoarthritis: vaRious Medical Aspects)
Authors: Karateev A. E. , Polishchuk E. Yu. , Lila A. M. , Galysheva Yu. A. , Sivordova L. E. , Lyubieva G. V. , Polyakova Yu. V.
Published: December 2024

Long-term therapy with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may be appropriate in patients with osteoarthritis (OA) who have chronic pain.The aim – to evaluate the efficacy and safety of nimesulide in the 3-month treatment of osteoarthritis.Material and methods. The study group consisted of 282 patients, 79.4% women (age 54.5±8.9 years), with knee OA (50.0%), hip OA (12.4%) and multi-joint OA (37.6%). All patients had comorbidity, including 94.3% arterial hypertension (AH) and 22.7% type 2 diabetes mellitus. All patients had moderate to severe pain (≥4 on a numerical rating scale (NRS 0–10)) for at least 3 months. All patients were prescribed nimesulide 100 mg twice daily. If pain decreased, a reduction in the dose of nimesulide to 100 mg daily or a switch to an on-demand regimen was suggested.Results. After 1 and 3 months of therapy, 82.3% and 49.3% of patients continued to take nimesulide regularly, and 17.4% and 39.7% continued to take it ‘on demand’. 11,0% of patients stopped taking the drug by 3 months, mainly because of pain control or significant pain reduction. In 1 and 3 months all patients showed significant improvement in the severity of the main symptoms of OA. Thus, pain on movement (NRS) decreased from 6.7 to 4.3 and 2.0; WOMAC pain from 11.3 to 7.3 and 3.9; impaired function (NRS) from 5.4 to 3.4 and 1.6; WOMAC function from 38.9 to 25.4 and 14.7 (for all parameters p<0.001). For all parameters, more than 75% of patients showed improvement ≥50% from baseline. 83% of patients reported an acceptable symptom state (PASS). After 3 months, no serious adverse events (AEs) were noted. Dyspepsia was noted in 3.9%, stool disturbance and gastroesophageal reflux disease in 3.2% each, AH in 4.6%, and hyperglycaemia in 1.1%. No withdrawal of nimesulide due to HP was noted.Conclusion. Nimesulide is effective and relatively safe in the long-term treatment of patients with OA and chronic pain.
AI in Health Care: Revolutionizing Diagnostics and Cancer Treatment
Authors: Resna Ibrahim  , Najma.S  , Anupama Biju  , Jeffin George  , Tintu varghese
Published: December 2024

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is revolutionizing healthcare, mainly in diagnostics and most cancers treatment, via improving accuracy, performance, and personalized care. Advanced gadget learning algorithms examine medical records, such as imaging scans, pathology slides, and genetic facts, to come across illnesses at in advance stages and predict patient outcomes with extraordinary precision. AI-pushed gear in radiology and pathology aid in figuring out tumors, assessing their aggressiveness, and suggesting potential remedy options. In oncology, AI models are accelerating drug discovery and enabling precision medicinal drug by means of tailoring remedies to person genetic profiles. By integrating AI with scientific workflows, healthcare structures are overcoming diagnostic demanding situations, decreasing human errors, and optimizing assets. While AI affords transformative benefits, it additionally brings moral and regulatory challenges that want to be addressed to ensure secure and effective implementation. This paper explores the modern packages of AI in diagnostics and most cancers remedy, its effect on affected person care, and the destiny path of AI in healthcare innovation.
İlahiyat Fakültesi Öğrencilerinin Erdem Eğilimleri
Authors: Şengün Mustafa
Published: December 2024

Erdem, ahlaki değerlere uygun olarak yaşamayı ve hareket etmeyi ifade eden, doğru ve etik davranışları içeren bir kavramdır. Erdem eğilimleri, bireyin kişisel gelişimini desteklerken aynı zamanda toplumda barışı sağlaması, toplumsal uyumun, güven ve refahın sürdürülmesine katkıda bulunması bakımından önemlidir. Bu makalenin amacı, ilahiyat eğitimi ile erdem eğilimleri arasındaki ilişkiyi ortaya koymak; cinsiyet, akademik başarı algısı, hayatının çoğunu geçirdiği yerleşim yeri ve mezun olunan lise türü değişkenleri açısından ilahiyat fakültesi öğrencilerinin erdem eğilimleri arasındaki ilişkinin önemli olup-olmadığını nicel olarak araştırmaktır. Araştırmanın evrenini, 2023-2024 eğitim-öğretim yılında Bayburt Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesinde öğrenim gören 1270 öğrenci oluşturmuştur. Araştırmaya evreni oluşturan öğrencilerden tesadüfi örnekleme yöntemiyle belirlenen 240 ilahiyat fakültesi öğrencisi katılmıştır. Araştırmanın verileri, araştırmacı tarafından geliştirilen Bireysel Bilgi Anketi ile İbrahim Demirci ve Halil Ekşi tarafından geliştirilmiş olan Kişisel Erdemler Ölçeği ile 2024 Mart ayında yüz yüze toplanmıştır. Verilerin istatistiksel işlemleri ise SPSS programı kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Yapılan analizler neticesinde, cinsiyet, akademik başarı algısı ve hayatının çoğunu geçirdiği yerleşim yeri değişkenleri açısından ilahiyat fakültesi öğrencilerinin erdem eğilimleri arasında önemli bir ilişki olduğu ortaya çıkmasına karşılık; mezun olunan lise türü açısından önemli bir ilişki olmadığı sonucuna varılmıştır. İlahiyat literatüründe teorik olarak inceleme konusu yapılan “Erdem” kavramı ile ilgili, nicel yöntemler ile daha önce yapılmış herhangi bir araştırma yoktur. Alana orijinal katkısı bakımından bu makale, İlahiyat literatüründe Din Eğitimi Bilimi yaklaşımıyla “Erdem” kavramının nicel yöntem ile incelendiği yayınlanmış ilk çalışmadır.
Relato de experiência acadêmica: metodologia ativa na prototipagem de pulseiras de miçangas e o processo de aprendizagem
Authors: Alvarado Erick Ferreira , Silva Bruno Ribeiro da , Silva Natalya Reis da , Gonçalves Wellington , Oliveira Mauro Machado de , Nascimento Carlos Alves de Lima , Oliveira Rodrigo Ribeiro
Published: December 2024

O estudante contemporâneo demanda uma educação que proporcione aptidões para atuar na solução de problemas de variadas dimensões. Assim, o método de ensino deve condizer com o contexto e objetivos no qual se aplica, o que inclui o emprego de métodos ativos para uma aprendizagem dinâmica e renovadora. Desse modo, este artigo objetivou relatar a experiência dos alunos do curso de Tecnologia em Gestão da Produção Industrial na prototipagem de pulseiras infantis de miçangas, empregando a metodologia ativa design thinking. A atividade realizada pelos alunos foi desenvolvida durante dois dias de aula. O procedimento metodológico teve abordagem qualitativa, natureza aplicada e descritiva e foi realizada uma observação sistemática que ocorreu em situação laboratorial (sala de aula). O resultado evidenciou que a experiência observada gerou a satisfação do consumidor final e dos discentes, que aprimoraram suas habilidades e capacidades de aprendizagem.
Decolonising Media Accessibility
Authors: Dangerfield Kate , Moores Zoe , Romero Fresco Pablo
Published: December 2024

In this article, we explore the different forms that accessibility can take, both in theory and in practice, focusing on filmmaking and live events. We question the role and responsibility that we, as humans, have in determining how collaboration and participation can be successful within the research process, in bringing creativity and difference to the content that is created, and in challenging biases and discriminatory practices. We situate this discussion within broader societal debates: we question the balance of ideology and art and explore how questions of justice lie behind the access that is provided. We weave together the voices of three academics and use our discussions to reflect on where theoretical notions meet as we face the reality of trying to embed translation and access in the creative projects we are involved in. By exploring case studies of accessible filmmaking and practical considerations around how access can be implemented at the live events that showcase them, we try to illustrate the different forms that access can take and how we can continue to build a notion of more generative access, by welcoming in new approaches and perspectives and using them to create a more equitable and inclusive society.
Lay summary
In this article, we explore how films and live events can be made more accessible. We discuss ideas we might have about doing this, and what actually happens when we try to do it. As humans, we play an important role in making sure that people can take part, as we explore ideas, create films that are creative and different, and as we challenge unfair practices. As we do this, we must make sure that each stage of what we are doing is as accessible as possible. At the same time, we ask some important questions: how well do our ideas meet artistic practice? How does access relate to justice? We three academic researchers, try to answer these questions together as we explore the terms that we use and the ideas we hold. We also explore some of the challenges we have faced as we tried to make sure the projects we worked on were accessible. We talk about some of these projects to show how access can vary and to share our idea of what access can look like if we try new things. What we really want to do is to use access to create a more welcoming society, which everyone can be a part of.
جموعُ التَّكسيرِ ودلالاتُها في كتب معاني القرآن وإعرابِه حتَّى نهايةِ القرنِ الرَّابعِ الهجريِّ
Authors: Al Ibrahım Kutaıba
Published: December 2024

يهدفُ هذا البحثُ إلى دراسةِ أبرزِ الآراء الصَّرفيَّة المتعلِّقة بجموع التَّكسير وتوجيهها في كتب معاني القرآن وإعرابه حتَّى نهاية القرن الرَّابع الهجريّ؛ ليكشفَ عمَّا تتَّسمُ به تلك الآراء من جِدَّةٍ وأهميَّةٍ تُغْنِي علمَ الصَّرفِ. لذا اتَّخذَ له المنهجَ الوصفيَّ التَّحليليَّ في وصفِ جموعِ التَّكسيرِ وتحليلِ دلالتِها اللُّغويَّةِ والكشفِ عن معانيها. وبناءً على ذلك فقد بُنِيَ البحثُ على مقدِّمةٍ ثمَّ استهلَّ الكلامَ بتعريفِ جمعِ التَّكسيرِ، وبنوعيه القلَّة والكثرة، ثمَّ فصَّلَ الحديثَ في كلِّ صيغةٍ من صيغِه. وقد اختار البحثُ جموع التَّكسير ليكون ميدانًا له لسببٍ رئيس: وهو أنَّ هؤلاء الأعلام درسوا هذه الجموع في مواطن عديدة من تفاسيرهم؛ وذلك نتيجةَ تطرُّقهم إلى تعدُّدِ القراءاتِ الَّتي نتجَ عنها تنوُّعٌ في صِيغِها، ولإبراز أهمِّيَّتها في السِّياق القرآنيّ وبلاغة إعجازها في إيضاح المعنى. إضافةً إلى توضيح أوجهِ الشَّبه والاختلاف عند هؤلاء الأعلام، وتَبْيِين ردود واعتراضاتِ بعضِهم. واختُتِمَ البحثُ باستخلاصِ عددٍ من النَّتائج الَّتي توصَّلَ إليها من خلالِ جهدِ أولئكَ الأعلامِ في توجيه الجموعِ وتعليلهم لها.