bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
tPA-anchored nanorobots for in vivo arterial recanalization at submillimeter-scale segments
Authors: Wang Ben , Wang Qinglong , Chan Kai Fung , Ning Zhipeng , Wang Qianqian , Ji Fengtong , Yang Haojin , Jiang Shuai , Zhang Zifeng , Ip Bonaventure Yiu Ming , Ko Ho , Chung Jacqueline Pui Wah , Qiu Ming , Han Jianguo , Chiu Philip Wai Yan , Sung Joseph Jao Yiu , Du Shiwei , Leung Thomas Wai Hong , Yu Simon Chun Ho , Zhang Li
Published: January 2024

Micro/nanorobots provide a promising approach for intravascular therapy with high precision. However, blood vessel is a highly complex system, and performing interventional therapy in those submillimeter segments remains challenging. While micro/nanorobots can enter submillimeter segments, they may still comprise nonbiodegradable parts, posing a considerable challenge for post-use removal. Here, we developed a retrievable magnetic colloidal microswarm, composed of tPA-anchored Fe
3
O
4
@mSiO
2
nanorobots (tPA-nbots), to archive tPA-mediated thrombolysis under balloon catheter-assisted magnetic actuation with x-ray fluoroscopy imaging system (CMAFIS). By deploying tPA-nbot transcatheter to the vicinity of the thrombus, the tPA-nbot microswarms were magnetically actuated to the blood clot at the submillimeter vessels with high precision. After thrombolysis, the tPA-nbots can be retrieved via the CMAFIS, as demonstrated in ex vivo organ of human placenta and in vivo carotid artery of rabbit. The proposed colloidal microswarm provides a promising robotic tool with high spatial precision for enhanced thrombolysis with low side effects.
Origin of photoinduced DC current and two-level population dynamics in a single molecule
Authors: Yao Jiang , Park Youngwook , Shi Wenlu , Chen Siyu , Ho W.
Published: January 2024

Studying the photoinduced changes of materials with atomic-scale spatial resolution can provide a fundamental understanding of light-matter interaction. A long-standing impediment has been the detrimental thermal effects on the stability of the tunneling gap from intensity-modulated laser irradiation of the scanning tunneling microscope junction. Photoinduced DC current transduces photons to an electric current and is widely applied in optoelectronics as switches and signal transmission. Our results revealed the origin of the light-induced DC current and related it to the two-level population dynamics and related nonlinearity in the conductance of a single molecule. Here, we compensated for the near-visible laser-induced thermal effects to demonstrate photoinduced DC current spectroscopy and microscopy and to observe the persistent photoconductivity of a two-level pyrrolidine molecule. The methodology can be generally applied to the coupling of light to scan probes to investigate light-matter interactions at the atomic scale.
Supplemental Material: Hydrologically driven modulation of cutoff regime in meandering rivers
Authors: Maitan Riccardo , al. et
Published: January 2024

Additional information about the rivers in the data set, including details about the metrics and methodology used, as well as four supplemental figures showing discharge data for each river, the distributions of peak discharge variance, migration rate, and nearest-oxbow distance according to cutoff type, and two additional figures showing the relationships among cutoff index, vegetation coverage, and overbank discharge metrics.  
A Novel Lightweight NIDS Framework for Detecting Anomalous Data Traffic in Contemporary Networks
Authors: Kumar Yogendra , Kumar Vijay , Subba Basant
Published: January 2024

Network Intrusion Detection Systems (NIDSs) have been proposed in the literature as security tools for detecting anomalous and intrusive network data traffic. However, the existing NIDS frameworks are computation-intensive, thereby making them unsuitable for deployment in resource-constrained networks with limited computational capabilities. This paper aims to address this issue by proposing computationally efficient NIDS framework for detecting anomalous data traffic in resource-constrained networks. The proposed NIDS framework uses an ensemble-based classifier model comprising multiple classifiers, which enables it to achieve high accuracy and detection rate across a wide range of low-footprint and stealth network attacks. The proposed framework also uses feature scaling and dimensionality reduction techniques to minimize the overall computational overhead. The proposed framework consists of two stages. In the first stage, four distinct base-level classifiers are utilized. The classification probabilities of the first stage are used in the modified meta-level classifier. The modified meta-level classifier is trained on the class probabilities of the base-level classifiers combined using a novel proposed probability function. The performance of the proposed NIDS framework is evaluated on a proprietary testbed dataset and two benchmark datasets namely CICIDS-2017 and UNSW-NB15. The results reveal that the proposed NIDS framework provides better performance than the existing NIDS frameworks in terms of false positive rate, despite using a significantly lower number of input features for its analysis.
Reconsidering “Critical” Bone Loss in Shoulder Instability: 17-Year Follow-Up Study following Arthroscopic Bankart Repair
Authors: Lau Lawrence Chun-Man , Chau Wai-Wang , Ng Randy , Ng Jonathan Patrick , Chui Elvis Chun-Sing , Ong Michael Tim-Yun , Griffith James Francis , Yung Patrick Shu-Hang
Published: January 2024

Background. Glenoid bone loss is a risk factor leading to the failure of arthroscopic Bankart repair. While 20–25% glenoid bone loss has long been considered the level to necessitate bony augmentation, recent studies indicate that 13.5% has a “subcritical” glenoid bone loss level, which is associated with decreased short- and medium-term functional scores. Few researchers worked on the long-term effect of “subcritical” or even less severe degrees of glenoid bone loss on redislocation rates and functional outcomes after arthroscopic Bankart repair. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of subcritical or less severe glenoid bone loss on redislocation rates and function after arthroscopic Bankart repair. Methods. A patient cohort who had undergone computed tomography (CT) of glenoid bone loss and arthroscopic Bankart repair over 15 years ago was reviewed. Western Ontario Shoulder Instability (WOSI) score, Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation (SANE) score, redislocation after operation, mechanism of recurrence, and revision details were reviewed. Results. Seventy-five patients were reassessed 17.6 ± 1.9 years following initial surgery. The age at enrolment was 26.8 ± 8.3 years. Twenty-two (29%) patients of the 75 patients had a redislocation on long-term follow-up, though this was not related to glenoid bone loss severity. The impaired functional score was found in patients with initial glenoid bone loss of 7% or more on long-term follow-up: WOSI (physical symptoms): 0.98 ± 2.00 vs 2.25 ± 4.01, p=0.04 and WOSI (total): 0.79 ± 1.43 vs 1.88 ± 3.56, p=0.04. Conclusions. At a mean of 17.5 years following arthroscopic Bankart repair, redislocation occurs in over a quarter of 75 patients, and they are not related to initial glenoid bone loss severity. Impaired functional outcome is apparent in patients with initial glenoid bone loss of >7%, though this impairment does not seem sufficiently severe to warrant an alternative treatment approach.
Supplementary Document 4 from A Revised Molecular Model of Ovarian Cancer Biomarker CA125 (MUC16) Enabled by Long-read Sequencing
Authors: Wang Chien-Wei , Weaver Simon D. , Boonpattrawong Nicha , Schuster-Little Naviya , Patankar Manish , Whelan Rebecca J.
Published: January 2024

Mutation table
FIGURE 4 from A Revised Molecular Model of Ovarian Cancer Biomarker CA125 (MUC16) Enabled by Long-read Sequencing
Authors: Wang Chien-Wei , Weaver Simon D. , Boonpattrawong Nicha , Schuster-Little Naviya , Patankar Manish , Whelan Rebecca J.
Published: January 2024

Schematic models of MUC16. Top, The model derived from the sequence determined by O'Brien and colleagues (2001) containing 63 units in the tandem repeat domain. Bottom, The model proposed in this study, containing 19 units in the tandem repeat domain. The repeats that are not included in the proposed model (6, 10, and 12 through 53) are shown as white circles. Ellipses represent repeats that are not shown for clarity. The N-terminal domain is much larger than shown here and is also compressed for clarity.
FIGURE 3 from A Revised Molecular Model of Ovarian Cancer Biomarker CA125 (MUC16) Enabled by Long-read Sequencing
Authors: Wang Chien-Wei , Weaver Simon D. , Boonpattrawong Nicha , Schuster-Little Naviya , Patankar Manish , Whelan Rebecca J.
Published: January 2024

Proteomic analysis of immunoprecipitated and patient-derived samples. Identified MUC16 peptides from immunoprecipitated (A) OVCAR3 cell lysate and (B) pooled ascites mapped onto the 63 tandem repeat model. Identified MUC16 peptides from patient-derived ascites (C) Patient 1, (D) Patient 2, and (E) Patient 3 mapped onto the 63 tandem repeat model. The repeat domains are each represented by a horizontal line, and the amino acid position within the repeat is on the x-axis. Repeats shown in green (6, 10, 12--53) are the 44 repeats in the 63 tandem repeat model, but not our 19 tandem repeat model. No peptides are identified to be unique to repeats 6, 10, 12–53. All peptides shown are unique to MUC16 (map to nowhere else in the proteome).
Investigating Gender Disparities in Electronics Engineering Program Enrollments at a State University in the Philippines
Authors: Beltran Joshua Kyle D. , Arboleda Edwin R.
Published: January 2024

The study investigates gender disparities within the electronics engineering program at a state university in the Philippines from 2020 to 2023. There is a significant gender gap occurring in this area of engineering studies that necessitates further investigation to understand gender-related enrollments. The researchers employed data analysis on enrollment data, which included year, course, and gender. By means of data manipulation and visualization using the Python programming language, it facilitated data analysis with Jupyter Notebook. The findings revealed that despite fluctuations over the specified years, male student enrollees significantly outnumbered female student enrollees in the program. Male enrollees have consistently formed around 70% to 72%, on the one hand, female enrollees covered approximately 28% to 30% over the years. The research outcomes implied that gender differences remain significant, and addressing this issue is necessary. If male dominance continues in this field, significant development will not occur. Diversifying the approach to involve more women in the program is crucial to achieving greatness and fostering advancement and development in this field of study.
Assessing the Effects of Plastic Bans on Businesses in Cabanatuan City, Nueva Ecija
Authors: Macaso Mark Edrian P.
Published: January 2024

The study investigates the repercussions of the ban on Plastic Bags Business in Cabanatuan City, aiming to define respondent profiles, highlight encountered issues, evaluate business aspects, and propose strategies to address the ban's impact. It seeks to understand the ban's effect on sales/profits and weighs the advantages and disadvantages of plastic bag use. Utilizing a questionnaire, the researcher surveyed ten respondents across two public markets in Cabanatuan City. The focus encompassed problems faced, delving into marketing, financial, and socio-environmental aspects. Findings suggest that despite the ban, plastic bag owners perceive their business as profitable. They attribute this profitability to the perceived greater utility of plastic bags compared to alternative eco-friendly options. The study's significance lies in shedding light on the ban's impact on business operations and financial viability. It emphasizes the perceived profitability of plastic bag sales despite the ban, challenging assumptions about the ban's detrimental effects on business. In essence, the study examines how the ban affects the Plastic Bags Business in Cabanatuan City, underlining the resilience of plastic bag sales despite the prohibition. The insights gained could inform policymakers, businesses, and stakeholders about the complexities and nuances surrounding such bans and their actual impact on businesses and the environment.
Impact Assessment of Entrepreneurial Skills Acquisition Programme on Agropreneurial Skills of National Youth Corps Members in Ile Ife, Osun State, Nigeria
Authors: Oyebola Abiodun Isaac
Published: January 2024

The rampaging food insecurity around the globe and particularly in Nigeria despite the availability of suitable land mass for agriculture and the teeming youthful population raised concern for the study. The possibility of exploring the opportunity provided by the National Youth Service Corps in reorientating Nigeria graduates in agropreneurship using a self-developed manual necessitated the study. The study employed pretest posttest design. Convenient sampling technique was employed in sampling 73 corps members who were serving in Ile Ife and its environs. Agropreneurship Interest Scale (AIS) a self-developed 20-item likert-type questionnaire was used for data gathering. The content validity ratio (α = 1) and reliability coefficient (r = 0.89) respectively were obtained for the instrument. Analysis of data showed that participants had low interest in agropreneurship (18.33%) before the commencement of the training. Also, that the training has significant impact on the agropreneurship interest of the participants (mean learning gain of the participant = 67.89%). The study concluded that Nigeria youths particularly the Corpers can be effectively motivated in agropreneurship using appropriate manual and strategies.
Arguments on Social Media: A Conceptual Analysis of Senior High School Students’ Election-Related Facebook Posts
Authors: Cabreros Dhemer P.
Published: January 2024

This study analyzed the arguments, specifically the fallacies and the posting strategies present on the eleven (11) Facebook posts of the WCC Aeronautical and Technological College senior high school students on election-related issues. The researcher utilized conceptual analysis using deductive method in this study. The fallacies and posting strategies were tallied and ranked, categorized based on the emerging themes, and subjected to conceptual analysis. The 11 fallacies were categorized into three themes based on the rhetorical triangle and the themes that emerged are influence in facts, influence in credibility, and influence in emotions. On the other hand, four themes emerged in the posting strategies: praising, sarcasm, name-calling and invalidating, and straightforwardness, where positive impoliteness garnered the highest number of commissions. There are also other themes that emerged in the analysis of data: the image functions and the communication styles.
Hazards and Risks Investigation of the Fit Out Project of RMM Construc-tion: Basis for Creation of an Occupational Construction and Health and Safety Program
Authors: Masanga Luisito P. , Gutierrez Ernell Bautista , De Vera Rommel
Published: January 2024

The existence of hazards and risks in businesses is inevitable, specifically, in the construction industry. The research is qualitative by nature which aimed the identification and investigation of the actual hazards and risks in the workplace as experienced by the select construction workers as main participants in the research. A total of eleven (11) constructions workers were utilized in the research and selected by way of purposive sampling. During the focus discussions, participants are divided into three groups. Among others, results revealed the following construction-related hazards: Scattered Broken Tiles, Unstable Scaffolding, Scattered Nails, Insufficient Lightning, Exposed Extension Wire and Chiselling and Grinding, No Insulation and Physical Transport of Heavy materials. The research further investigated the level of risks in the identified hazard using the probability and severity matrix. At average, the identified risks obtained a high level of probability while severity at average is to medium or moderate only. Occupational Construction and Health and Safety Program was developed based on the results of this research.
Green Human Resource Management, Organizational Citizenship Behavior Towards the Environment, And Business Sustainability among Selected Construction Companies in Cebu City, Philippines
Authors: Flores Jelissa , Cabatingan Albim Y. , Delantar Alexander Franco A.
Published: January 2024

This study investigated the correlation between Green Human Resource Management (GHRM), Organizational Citizenship Behavior towards the Environment (OCBE), and Business Sustainability among selected construction companies in Cebu City. The study utilized a descriptive-correlational-comparative approach with the participation of 102 heads and staff of selected construction companies in Cebu City. The selected statistical treatments showed a positive relationship among the three indicators, meaning they can significantly influence organizational performance and shape the organizational culture. Also, the study's findings revealed that behavior towards green practices is contingent upon the organization's commitment to the goals of GHRM and OCBE, which can affect business sustainability. With that in mind, the researchers have concluded that green human resource management practices have become a part of the organization's mindset. Both management and employees value GHRM indicators, reflected in their behavior towards the environment and business sustainability practices. Furthermore, the study recommends that the construction companies that participated in the research should adopt the sustainability framework created by the researchers.
Study of Ontological, Epistemological and Axiological Principles in Final Academic Assignments for Dissertation Scientific Papers: Philosophical Values in Scientific Writing
Authors: Manik Kresna Ningsih , Nababan Irene Ardyani , Sai Yong Heng , Ginting Siti Aisha , Sari Winda
Published: January 2024

This research is an initial exploration into the foundational branches of philosophy (axiology, ontology, and epistemology) and their profound implications for the philosophy of language. Investigating the contemporary study of language, the research examines five dissertations to uncover the interplay of these three philosophical domains. The research addresses three key questions: the domains within the philosophy of language covered by the dissertations, the featured interconnection of axiology, ontology, and epistemology in these dissertations, and the development of these domains to bolster arguments. The objectives include discerning how researchers describe these domains in relation to language philosophy, exploring the possibility of discussing a single domain without engaging the others, and fostering an objective discussion of language philosophy within an academic context. The research's significance lies in contributing to a comprehensive understanding of language, its relationship with users and the world, and how the three philosophical domains sustain language existence. It aims to enrich the study of language philosophy for students, particularly those in English Applied Linguistics programs, by emphasizing the correlations between philosophy and language characteristics, acquisition, planning, and translation. The research employs a qualitative approach, analyzing dissertations from a philosophical perspective. Findings reveal that the interconnection of axiology, ontology, and epistemology is intricate, challenging the initial assumption of discussing them separately. Notably, the dissertations exhibit varied emphasis on the three domains. The study concludes with valuable insights into the philosophy of language, highlighting the pivotal role of language in shaping reality, conveying experiences, and expressing cultural influences. The dynamic nature of language and the reciprocal relationship between language and philosophy underscore the need for an open-minded approach and continual engagement in discussions surrounding language philosophy. The research recommends incorporating philosophy as a mandatory course in university curricula to nurture a holistic understanding of language and its philosophical underpinnings.
A Bibliometric Analysis on Muslim-Friendly Tourism Research Using VOSviewer
Authors: Rasuman Mohammad A , Saeed Abdulmalek Marwan  M.
Published: January 2024

This manuscript focuses on the growth of Muslim-friendly tourism through a thorough bibliometric analysis, addressing the emerging subject in this field. It starts by outlining how important it is to accommodate Muslim tourists in the global tourism scene. Methodologically, the analysis utilized VOSviewer software, and data was collected from national and international publications covering the years 2018–2023 using the Publish or Perish application. The results provide insights into the changing themes and patterns in Muslim-friendly tourism, guiding future research and advancement. Based on the results, the number of studies related to Muslim-friendly tourism in 2018 was low, with only 2 related studies. In the following years, this topic became significantly popular, with a number of studies conducted by various researchers, particularly in 2021 and 2023. In 2019, there was a significant increase, with 9 related studies. In 2021 and 2023, 22 relevant studies were found. There was also a slight decline in 2020, with 7 studies, and 10 studies in 2022. This data is helpful in evaluating the novelty of topics related to Muslim-friendly tourism.
Metabolomics and Biomarkers for Paroxysmal and Persistent Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Zhang Li‐Li , Lin Wen‐Hua , Di Cheng‐Ye , Hou Hai‐Tao , Chen Huan‐Xin , Zhou Jie , Yang Qin , He Guo‐Wei
Published: January 2024

Background

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common type of arrhythmia worldwide and is associated with serious complications. This study investigated the metabolic biomarkers associated with AF and the differences in metabolomics and associated metabolic biomarkers between paroxysmal AF (AFPA) and persistent AF.

Methods and Results

Plasma samples were prospectively collected from patients with AF and patients in sinus rhythm with negative coronary angiography. The patients were divided into 3 groups: AFPA, persistent AF, and sinus rhythm (N=54). Metabolomics (n=36) using ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry was used to detect differential metabolites that were validated in a new cohort (n=18). The validated metabolites from the validation phase were further analyzed by receiver operating characteristic. Among the 36 differential metabolites detected by omics assay, 4 were successfully validated with area under the curve >0.8 (
P
<0.05). Bioinformatics analysis confirmed the enrichment pathways of unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis, glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism, and carbon metabolism. Arachidonic acid was a potential biomarker of AFPA, glycolic acid and L‐serine were biomarkers of AFPA and persistent AF, and palmitelaidic acid was a biomarker of AFPA.

Conclusions

In this metabolomics study, we detected 36 differential metabolites in AF, and 4 were validated with high sensitivity and specificity. These differential metabolites are potential biomarkers for diagnosis and monitoring of disease course. This study therefore provides new insights into the precision diagnosis and management of AF.
The effect of exercise training intervention for patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm on cardiovascular and cardiorespiratory variables: an updated meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Han Qi , Qiao Li , Yin Li , Sui Xuemei , Shao Wenjuan , Wang Qirong
Published: January 2024

Objective

The purpose of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the effect of exercise training intervention in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA).

Methods

Eight randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that recruited 588 AAA patients were extracted using 4 databases (PubMed, Embase, Wanfang Data, and Cochrane Library). Physiological and biochemistry parameters that included in this study are high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), respiratory peak oxygen uptake rate (VO2peak), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), anaerobic threshold (AT), the diameter of AAA, high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL), and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9). Standard mean difference (SMD) was used to assess the between group effect.

Results

This meta-analysis was synthesized with findings from RCTs and found that hs-CRP (SMD, − 0.56 mg/dL; 95% CI: − 0.90 to 0.22; P = 0.001), VO2peak (SMD, 0.4 mL/kg/min; 95% CI, 0.21 to 0.60; P < 0.001), TG (SMD, − 0.39 mg/dL; 95% CI: − 0.02 to 0.77; P = 0.04), and AT (SMD, 0.75 mL/kg/min; 95% CI, 0.54 to 0.96; P < 0.001) were significantly improved in the exercise groups, while the size of AAA (SMD, − 0.15; 95% CI: − 0.36 to 0.06; P = 0.15), TC (SMD, 0.16 mg/dL; 95% CI: − 0.10 to 0.42; P = 0.23), HDL/LDL ratio (SMD, − 0.06; 95% CI: − 0.32 to 0.20; P = 0.64), HDL (SMD, − 0.09; 95% CI: − 0.39 to 0.20; P = 0.54), LDL (SMD, 0.08; 95% CI: − 0.21 to 0.38; P = 0.59), and MMP-9 (SMD, − 0.23 mg/dL; 95% CI: − 0.53 to 0.06; P = 0.12) did not differ in the exercise groups compared with the controls.

Conclusion

Exercise intervention improved some of the CVD risk factors but not all, hs-CRP, VO2peak and AT were significantly improved after exercise intervention, while, changes of MMP-9, the size of AAA, and the overall lipids profile were not. Exercise intervention provides an additional solution for improving cardiorespiratory capacity and health status among AAA patients, and might lead to a delay of AAA progression.
Feasibility and safety of laparoscopic radical cystectomy for male octogenarians with muscle-invasive bladder cancer
Authors: Pan Dong-liang , Zhang Lu-fang , Li Xiao-jian , Zhang Ke-ping , Gao Peng-fei , Yang Bing , Li Ning-chen
Published: January 2024

This study was designed to evaluate the safety and feasibility of laparoscopic radical cystectomy (LRC) for male octogenarian patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). Briefly, a total of 57 male octogenarian patients (A group) with bladder carcinoma were enrolled and underwent LRC and intracorporeal pelvic lymph node dissection with bilateral cutaneous ureterostomy from May 2016 to December 2022. Besides, 63 male patients (age < 80 years old) with bladder carcinoma undergoing LRC and 17 octogenarian male patients with bladder carcinoma undergoing open radical cystectomy (ORC) were enrolled in B and C groups as control. All perioperative clinical materials and outcomes of long-term follow-up, and complication were collected. The specific results were shown as follows. Compared with C group, the operation time and resected lymph node in A group was increased, and the estimated blood loss, the number of transfusion needed, duration of pelvic drainage and hospital stay after surgery was decreased. The death rate and ileus complication rate were higher in A group (12 cases) than in C group (15 cases). The cases of ureteral stricture in A group (13 cases) was decreased compared with that in C group. Overall, LRC and bilateral cutaneous ureterostomy are safe, feasible and better choices for the treatment of male octogenarian patients with MIBC. The octogenarian receiving cutaneous ureterostomy heals slowly and exists certain incomplete intestinal obstruction after surgery.
G6PD and machine learning algorithms as prognostic and diagnostic indicators of liver hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Li Fei , Wang Boshen , Li Hao , Kong Lu , Zhu Baoli
Published: January 2024

Background

Liver Hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC) exhibits a high incidence of liver cancer with escalating mortality rates over time. Despite this, the underlying pathogenic mechanism of LIHC remains poorly understood.

Materials & methods

To address this gap, we conducted a comprehensive investigation into the role of G6PD in LIHC using a combination of bioinformatics analysis with database data and rigorous cell experiments. LIHC samples were obtained from TCGA, ICGC and GEO databases, and the differences in G6PD expression in different tissues were investigated by differential expression analysis, followed by the establishment of Nomogram to determine the percentage of G6PD in causing LIHC by examining the relationship between G6PD and clinical features, and the subsequent validation of the effect of G6PD on the activity, migration, and invasive ability of hepatocellular carcinoma cells by using the low expression of LI-7 and SNU-449. Additionally, we employed machine learning to validate and compare the predictive capacity of four algorithms for LIHC patient prognosis.

Results

Our findings revealed significantly elevated G6PD expression levels in liver cancer tissues as compared to normal tissues. Meanwhile, Nomogram and Adaboost, Catboost, and Gbdt Regression analyses showed that G6PD accounted for 46%, 31%, and 49% of the multiple factors leading to LIHC. Furthermore, we observed that G6PD knockdown in hepatocellular carcinoma cells led to reduced proliferation, migration, and invasion abilities. Remarkably, the Decision Tree C5.0 decision tree algorithm demonstrated superior discriminatory performance among the machine learning methods assessed.

Conclusion

The potential diagnostic utility of G6PD and Decision Tree C5.0 for LIHC opens up a novel avenue for early detection and improved treatment strategies for hepatocellular carcinoma.
Laboratory and clinical features of tumor lysis syndrome in children with non-Hodgkin lymphoma and evaluation of long-term renal functions in survivors
Authors: Bozkurt Selcen , Genc Dildar Bahar , Vural Sema
Published: January 2024

Objective

The purpose of our study is to investigate the laboratory and clinical features of tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) and acute kidney injury (AKI) in childhood non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL) and to reveal their impact on long term kidney function in survivors.

Methods

Our single-center retrospective study included 107 patients (0-18 years old) with NHL who were admitted and treated at our hospital between 1998 and 2020. The relationship between TLS and age, gender, histopathological subgroup, tumor stage, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level at presentation, bone marrow and kidney involvement were assessed. The long-term renal functions of the patients were investigated.

Results

80.3% of the patients were male with a median age of 9.8 years. The most common detected histopathological subgroup was Burkitt lymphoma. Hyperhydration with or without alkalinisation, and allopurinol were used in first-line treatment and prophylaxis of TLS. Laboratory TLS and clinical TLS was observed in 30.8% and 12.1% of patients, respectively. A significant correlation was found between young age, advanced stage, high LDH level at presentation, and TLS. AKI was observed in 12.1% of the patients. When the glomerular filtration rate values of the patients at the first and last admissions were compared after an average of 6.9 years, a mean decrease of 10 mL/min/1.73 m2 was found. It was not, however, found to be statistically significant.

Conclusion

Lower age, advanced stage, and high LDH level at presentation were found to be risk factors for TLS in our study. Long-term renal function loss was not observed in the survivors who received early and careful prophylaxis/treatment for TLS. The survivors are still being followed up.
Prevalence of eye and adnexal disorders among elderly inmates in Taiwan prisons
Authors: Tsai Ching-Yao , Jiesisibieke Zhu Liduzi , Tao Ping , Wang Yen-Chun , Jiesisibieke Dina , Chien Ching-Wen , Tung Tao-Hsin
Published: January 2024

Background

Prisoner health is a topic of significant importance; however, it has received limited attention in epidemiological studies, likely because of challenges in obtaining relevant data. Specifically, research on ocular disorders among elderly prisoners is lacking. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of disorders of the eye and adnexa among elderly prisoners in Taiwan.

Methods

We investigated the presence of eye and adnexal disorders in elderly prisoners in Taiwan using data from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database. The ocular disorders were identified using the appropriate disease codes in the International Classification of Diseases, 9th revision Clinical Modification (codes 360–379). In addition, the most common types of eye and adnexal disorders among the prisoners were identified.

Results

A total of 2215 elderly prisoners (age ≥ 65 years; 2073 men and 142 women) were examined. The prevalence of eye and adnexal disorders among the prisoners was 18.87%. The elderly female prisoners exhibited a higher prevalence of eye and adnexal disorders than the elderly male prisoners. The most common disorders were disorders of the conjunctiva, cataract, and disorders of the lacrimal system.

Conclusions

A considerable proportion of elderly prisoners have disorders of the eye and adnexa. The overall quality of life of elderly prisoners can be improved by addressing their visual health, which contributes to the fulfillment of their basic human rights.
Prospective observational study of surgery alone for locally advanced oral squamous cell carcinoma: a real-world study
Authors: Ren Zhen-Hu , Liu Keyue , Chen Yiming , Yang Zhi-Min , Wu Kun , Wu Han-Jiang
Published: January 2024

Introduction

A prospective observational study was modified to assess the efficacy of surgery alone for the treatment of locally advanced oral squamous cell carcinoma. (LA-OSCC)

Materials and methods

This prospective, single-institution, single-arm study involved 174 patients who underwent major surgery for LA-OSCC. Participating patients did not receive postoperative radiation. After initial curative treatment, patients were routinely monitored via clinical examination and imaging. The follow-up period was 3–70 months. Tumour recurrence and death were considered as the Clinical End Point in Research.

Results

The 5-year overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), and locoregional control rates for 174 patients were 66.7% (95% confidence interval [CI], 59.8 to 73.6), 66.1% (95% CI, 59.2 to 73.0), and 82.4% (95% CI, 76.5 to 88.3), respectively.

Conclusion

A study of patients with LA-OSCC treated with surgery alone may have the optimal therapeutic impact for LA-OSCC, as evidenced by solid data for our next RCT trial. This conclusion still needs to be validated in higher-level RCTs.
Co-occurrence of dental caries and periodontitis: multilevel modelling approach
Authors: Stangvaltaite-Mouhat Lina , Skudutyte-Rysstad Rasa , Ko Hayley , Stankeviciene Indre , Aleksejuniene Jolanta , Puriene Alina
Published: January 2024

Background

Previous studies reported varyingly positive, negative, or no relationships between caries and periodontitis. Therefore, the aim was to assess the potential co-occurrence of caries experience and periodontal inflammation on the same teeth.

Methods

This cross-sectional study used data from the Lithuanian National Oral Health Survey. The study included a stratified random sample of 1405 individuals aged 34–78, recruited from 5 Lithuanian cities and 10 peri-urban/rural areas (response rate 52%). Information about sociodemographic (age, sex, education, residence), behavioral (sugar-containing diet, tooth brushing frequency, use of interdental care products, last dental visit, smoking) and biological (systemic disease, use of medication and xerostomia) determinants was collected using the World Health Organization (WHO) Oral Health Questionnaire for Adults supplemented with additional questions. Clinical data were recorded using the WHO criteria and collected by one trained and calibrated examiner. Dental caries status was recorded as sound, decayed, missing, filled surfaces. Subsequently for the analyses, status was recorded at a tooth-level as decayed- and filled-teeth (DT and FT) including proximal, buccal, and oral surfaces. Two measures were used for periodontal status. The probing pocket depth (PPD) was measured at six sites and recorded at a tooth level into the absence of PPD or presence of PPD ≥ 4 mm. Bleeding on probing (BOP) was measured at the same six sites and was recorded as either present or absent at a tooth-level. Univariable and multivariable 2-level random intercept binary logistic regression analyses were utilized.

Results

Positive associations were found between DT and BOP (OR 1.42, 95% CI 1.20–1.67), FT and BOP (OR 2.07, 95% CI 1.82–2.23), DT and PPD (OR 1.38, 95% CI 1.15–1.67) and FT and PPD (OR 2.01, 95% CI 1.83–2.20).

Conclusions

Our findings add evidence for the co-occurrence of periodontal inflammation and caries on the same teeth. This suggests the need for increased emphasis on a transdisciplinary approach in designing oral health interventions that target dental caries and periodontal disease simultaneously. In addition, longitudinal studies exploring the co-occurrence of caries and periodontal disease at the same sites, taking into consideration the levels of both conditions and genetic variation, are warranted.
Clinical practice applicability and relevance to non-specialists of a paediatric EEG online learning tool
Authors: Kander Veena , Hardman Joanne , Wilmshurst Jo M.
Published: January 2024

Background

Paediatric electroencephalography (EEG) training is inadequate amongst healthcare practitioners and technicians managing children with epilepsy in sub-Saharan Africa. An entry level handbook was developed for healthcare practitioners in sub-Saharan Africa and subsequently made globally accessible via the International Child Neurology Teaching Network.

Aim

To investigate the usefulness of a paediatric online EEG handbook.

Method

A survey of the ICNApedia online EEG handbook was circulated (December 2021–June 2022), to all 108 handbook registered participants (39 countries) via the research electronic data capture (REDCap) from the University of Cape Town (UCT).

Results

Fifty participants from 25 countries responded: 8 from high income, 16 upper-middle income, 21 lower-middle income and 5 from low-income. 32 (64%) fully and 18 (36%) partially completed the survey. 35/50 (70%) had completed the handbook and seven respondents had partially completed the handbook. Responses supported the handbook as a good entry point to learn EEGs, especially for paediatrics. Likert scale ratings supported the handbook as relevant for gaining/enhancing knowledge and improving diagnosis and management of patients with confidence. The handbook was considered user friendly, comprehensible, and provided a practical experience. For improving EEG reading skills the handbook helped skills development via reinforcement and good illustrations. 29/32 (90%) of respondents confirmed that they are using learnt skills from the handbook in their current work.

Conclusion

In resource limited settings non-specialist clinicians often provide extended services including EEG interpretation. The survey supports that the handbook is supporting this niche skills area, especially for the accessibility of knowledge gained. The handbook will continue to be adapted in-line with survey feedback.
Malignant peritoneal mesotheliomas of rats induced by multiwalled carbon nanotubes and amosite asbestos: transcriptome and epigenetic profiles
Authors: Reamon-Buettner Stella Marie , Rittinghausen Susanne , Klauke Annika , Hiemisch Andreas , Ziemann Christina
Published: January 2024

Background

Malignant mesothelioma is an aggressive cancer that often originates in the pleural and peritoneal mesothelium. Exposure to asbestos is a frequent cause. However, studies in rodents have shown that certain multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) can also induce malignant mesothelioma. The exact mechanisms are still unclear. To gain further insights into molecular pathways leading to carcinogenesis, we analyzed tumors in Wistar rats induced by intraperitoneal application of MWCNTs and amosite asbestos. Using transcriptomic and epigenetic approaches, we compared the tumors by inducer (MWCNTs or amosite asbestos) or by tumor type (sarcomatoid, epithelioid, or biphasic).

Results

Genome-wide transcriptome datasets, whether grouped by inducer or tumor type, showed a high number of significant differentially expressed genes (DEGs) relative to control peritoneal tissues. Bioinformatic evaluations using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) revealed that while the transcriptome datasets shared commonalities, they also showed differences in DEGs, regulated canonical pathways, and affected molecular functions. In all datasets, among highly- scoring predicted canonical pathways were Phagosome Formation, IL8 Signaling, Integrin Signaling, RAC Signaling, and TREM1 Signaling. Top-scoring activated molecular functions included cell movement, invasion of cells, migration of cells, cell transformation, and metastasis. Notably, we found many genes associated with malignant mesothelioma in humans, which showed similar expression changes in the rat tumor transcriptome datasets. Furthermore, RT-qPCR revealed downregulation of Hrasls, Nr4a1, Fgfr4, and Ret or upregulation of Rnd3 and Gadd45b in all or most of the 36 tumors analyzed. Bisulfite sequencing of Hrasls, Nr4a1, Fgfr4, and Ret revealed heterogeneity in DNA methylation of promoter regions. However, higher methylation percentages were observed in some tumors compared to control tissues. Lastly, global 5mC DNA, m6A RNA and 5mC RNA methylation levels were also higher in tumors than in control tissues.

Conclusions

Our findings may help better understand how exposure to MWCNTs can lead to carcinogenesis. This information is valuable for risk assessment and in the development of safe-by-design strategies.
Identification and validation of an individualized metabolic prognostic signature for predicting the biochemical recurrence of prostate cancer based on the immune microenvironment
Authors: Hu Bintao , Zhang Xi , Zhu Shiqing , Wang Chengwei , Deng Zhiyao , Wang Tao , Wu Yue
Published: January 2024

Background

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most prevalent genitourinary malignancy in men, with a significant proportion of patients developing biochemical recurrence (BCR) after treatment. The immune microenvironment and metabolic alterations have crucial implications for the tumorigenesis and progression of PCa. Therefore, identifying metabolic genes associated with the immune microenvironment holds promise for predicting BCR and improving PCa prognosis.

Methods

In this study, ssGSEA and hierarchical clustering analysis were first conducted to evaluate and group PCa samples, followed by the use of the ESTIMATE and CIBERSORT algorithms to characterize the immunophenotypes and tumor microenvironment. The differential metabolic genes (MTGs) between groups were utilized to develop a prognostic-related signature. The predictive performance of the signature was assessed by principal component analysis (PCA), receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, survival analysis, and the TIDE algorithm. A miRNA-MTGs regulatory network and predictive nomogram were constructed. Moreover, the expression of prognostic MTGs in PCa was detected by RT‒qPCR.

Results

PCa samples from the TCGA cohort were separated into two groups: the immune-low group and immune-high group. Forty-eight differentially expressed MTGs between the groups were identified, including 37 up-regulated and 11 down-regulated MTGs. Subsequently, CEL, CYP3A4, and PDE6G were identified as the genes most strongly associated with the BCR of PCa patients and these genes were utilized to establish the MTGs-based prognostic signatures. PCA, ROC curves analysis, Kaplan–Meier survival analysis, and the nomogram all showed the good predictive ability of the signature regardless of clinical variables. Furthermore, the MTGs-based signature was indicated as a potential predictive biomarker for immunotherapy response. Nine miRNAs involved in the regulation of prognostic MTGs were determined. In addition to the CEL gene, the PDE6G and CYP3A4 genes were expressed at higher levels in PCa samples.

Conclusions

The MTGs-based signature represents a novel approach with promising potential for predicting BCR in PCa patients.
“The Tennis Ball of Fortune”: Print, Manuscript, and Provincial Literacies in The Chronicles of John Cannon
Authors: Williams Abigail , Marar Anna
Published: January 2024

This paper will focus on the Chronicles of John Cannon, a ploughboy turned exciseman and writing master living in the Somerset levels who described himself as a “Tennis Ball of Fortune.” Cannon's story of self-education and writerly self-fashioning took striking material form in an illustrated manuscript book he produced in the first decades of the eighteenth century. As a work and an object, the Chronicles stages a series of conversations between print and manuscript. In exploring this unique case study, we expose how the mixed medium of the manuscript book could present different and mutually supportive forms of authority. In this case, print is referred to through citation, graphic imitation, and paratextual format, whilst at the same time, the virtuoso scribal acts of transcribing and refining within the volume operate as an alternative index of textual fidelity and credibility. Our case study also pushes us to reconsider some of the clustered assumptions around the nature of the manuscript book in this period: this is the work of a male, non-elite writer, an amateur production. It is not a family or coterie production, and rather than offering a miscellany of genres and hands, it subsumes its varied contents into the narrative of a single life. How do we understand this unique blended form in the context of existing narratives about the nature of the manuscript book? And how might we edit such materials to retain a sense of their hybridity? Cannon's Chronicles also helps us connect the study of the manuscript book to a concern with the social dimensions of manuscript forms in a community of mixed literacies. Cannon's copying and writing became an important performance of professional competence in a culture of amateur literary production. As a case study, his work challenges expectations of gender and class in eighteenth-century manuscript studies and reveals how the affordances of the pen might reflect the burgeoning print culture of the period.
Making Our Way Out
Authors: Fischer Anne Gray , Matthiesen Sara , LeBrón Marisol
Published: January 2024

The massive and multiscaled scope of state violence—religious and racist genocide, medical apartheid, colonial dispossession, global austerity, and capitalist resource extraction that accelerates our climate catastrophe—indexes the immense potential of state infrastructures. Global systems that can accumulate and wield such sprawling powers might instead be used to redistribute resources on that same scale. This issue of Radical History Review, organized around the theme “Feminists Confront State Violence,” asks about the capacity of the state to affirm life given its structural investments in violence, paying specific attention to how activists have theorized and devised strategies to win redress from extant institutions. Ultimately, contributing authors document how feminists have negotiated a fundamental contradiction: how, and why, does one make demands for the equitable distribution of care, safety, and life on a state that unequally distributes violence, immiseration, and death? Together, these essays provide an archival toolkit of Black, abolitionist, anarchist, anticolonial, and anticapitalist feminist strategies to radically remake worlds inside this one.