bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of Low-Cost Adsorbent Based on Fly Ash for Heavy Metal Reduction of Cu and Cr In Textile Industrial Liquid Waste
Authors: Mulyatun Mulyatun
Published: August 2022

Heavy metal copper (Cu (II)), Chromium (Cr (IV) is a heavy metal that dominates textile industrial wastewater. Too large concentrations of Cu (II) in water can cause poisoning which has side effects of liver damage and gastrointentinal disorders. Cr metal in the body will cause interference with DNA synthesis and increase mutagen changes that can cause tumors. The use of fly ash as a Low Cost Adsorbent is an alternative.  The research method used is a physical activation process with carbonization at high temperatures (300˚C, 400˚C and 500˚C) in the furnace to be continued with chemical activation using concentrated acids (H2SO4 and CH3COOH) or base (KOH) in fly ash. Morphological analysis and the synthesized adsorbent function groups were performed using Scanning Electron Microscopes (SEM) and FTIR. Based on the adsorption capacity test, the ability of fly ash to adsorb Cu metal waste was 0.9962 mg/g and for Cr metal was 0.4760 mg/g. The temperature increase on the physical activation of fly ash (300 0C, 4000C, 5000C) causes an increase in the adsorption capacity of the synthesized fly ash. The best adsorbent for Cu metal is A5K with an adsorption capacity of 0.9994 mg/g under optimal conditions. The best adsorbent for Cr metal is A5S with an adsorption capacity of 0.9325 mg/g under optimal conditions. ©2018 JNSMR UIN Walisongo. All rights reserved.
Production of Hand Washing Soap from Ethanol Extract of Fern (Pteridophyta), Nampong Leaves (Siegesbeckia orientalis) and Thistle Plants (Calotropis gigantea)
Authors: Silvia Nuris , Amila Shovi
Published: August 2022

Soap is an ingredient that comes from natural oils or fats reacting with caustic soda in the process known as lathering or saponification. Hand washing soap from fern (Pteridophyta) as the main ingredient is one of the antiseptic soaps that will be made, by comparing the drug Spirulina to determine the level of anti-bacteria produced. This study uses a hot process method with a soap heating time of about 20 minutes and a heating temperature of around 80°C. The results of testing the quality of hand washing soap as an antiseptic that meets the test standards are organoleptic test, acidity test (pH), foam resistance level test, and skin irritation test. So it's good to use as a hand sanitizer to get rid of bacteria and germs. ©2019 JNSMR UIN Walisongo. All rights reserved.
Production of Brikueda (Briquettes from Teak Sawdusts and Durian Rind/Durio zibethinus) as Renewable Fuels
Authors: Syarifah Wihdatus , Sulhadi Sulhadi , Darsono Teguh
Published: August 2022

Jepara is a carving city. The result of carving produces sawdust waste which is usually used to be sold and burned. In addition, durian fruit is available that has a distinctive taste and made an icon of one village in Jepara. The fruit is the belle of the whole community to be eaten by meat and made food. But the skin has the traits and characters that are difficult to decompose. Then the two wastes will be combined with tapioca flour into briquettes as an alternative fuel. This research take four stage: combustion, filtering, printing, and drying. Obtained two treatment, the first treatment is using ratio wood sawdust and durian rind; 50 gr: 50 gr; 25 gr: 50 gr; 50 gr: 25 gr. The results shown it does not ignite up and very hard. The second treatment is using same ratio but added 25 gram starch, the results shown it ignite. This is due to the starch content is used, it ignite the longest with a concentration ratio of 50 gr: 50 gr because its combination increases the calories value. In durian rind there are 3786 cal/g and teak wood consists mainly of cellulose (40-50%), hemicellulose (20-30%), lignin (20-30%), and the calories value of sawdust briquettes is 4714-5519 kcal/kg.©2019 JNSMR UIN Walisongo. All rights reserved.
Utilization of Waste Combustion Heat as an Alternative Renewable Electric Energy Source Based on Thermoelectric Generator
Authors: Liana Yeni Rima , Sulhadi Sulhadi , Aji Mahardika Prasetya
Published: August 2022

Thermoelectric generator is one alternative energy source that is using a temperature difference system to produce electrical energy. This research study aims to utilize combustion heat waste using a thermoelectric generator as a source of renewable electricity. This research method uses the experimental method. The thermoelectric system was made using seven thermoelectric modules TEC1 - 12706 arranged in series by varying the combustion media in the form of Rice husk, Sengon sawdust (Albizia chinensis) and Teak sawdust (Tectona grandis). The test is done by measuring the output voltage, the temperature of the cold side and the hot side which are then analyzed to get the output power and generator efficiency. From the trial results it was found that the greater of the temperature difference, then the output voltage, output power and generator efficiency increase. Output voltage, output power and maximum efficiency of testing prototype thermoelectric generator that generated were 4.64 V, W 20.38 and 16.46 % with fuel Teak sawdust in the tenth minute when the temperature difference of 76.17 0C.©2019 JNSMR UIN Walisongo. All rights reserved.
Quality of Biocompost Resulting from Biopore Holes Based on Light Intensity and Acidity Degree (pH)
Authors: Pujiyanti Arik , Sulhadi Sulhadi , Aji Mahardika Prasetya
Published: August 2022

The use of chemical fertilizers that are not balanced with the provision of organic fertilizers can damage the soil. Chemical fertilizers can also damage the balance of nutrients in the soil and lower soil pH. Therefore, organic fertilizers are needed to help restore soil fertility and LRB as a medium for composting organic fertilizers. The biopore infiltration hole (LRB) is "activated" by providing organic waste. This waste will be used as a source of energy for soil organisms to carry out their activities through the decomposition process. This decomposed waste is known as compost. Compost is a term for man-made organic fertilizer made from the decomposition process of the remains of living things (plants or animals). The investigation of this study was to determine the quality of compost based on light intensity and acidity (pH) from the results of biopore infiltration holes (LRB) as well as good physical properties of compost. This type of research is an experimental research. Good quality compost has low resistance. The pH value of the compost in samples A,B,D,E is 6.5-7.5 so it is neutral, while the pH of the compost sample C is 8.5 is alkaline. The intensity of the light is high. The results of the lowest light intensity in the compost from this study were leaf compost + sawdust + EM4 of 990 lux, fermented in LRB for 2 weeks. Meanwhile, the highest light intensity value was found in the compost of raw material leaves which were fermented for 1 month at 1017 lux. So the greater the value of light intensity in the compost, the better quality it has, because it can improve soil fertility. ©2019 JNSMR UIN Walisongo. All rights reserved.
Study on Diversity of Dragonfly (Odonata) as A Bioindicator of Water Quality in Mount Muria Area, Central Java
Authors: Hidayat Saifullah , Husnia Fiki , Rohmah Ellatur , Mukhlishoh Siti
Published: August 2022

Water in the Mount Muria area is needed by the surrounding community to fulfill life. An indicator is needed to determine water quality. Dragonfly (Odonata) is one of the organisms as ecosystem controllers and bioindicators. This study aims to determine the diversity of dragonflies, determine water quality and describe the role of dragonflies as a bioindicator of water quality in the Mount Muria area. This type of research is descriptive quantitative research. The data collection technique used direct observation at 3 stations, namely the Colo Flower River, the Monthel Waterfall River and the River in the Rejenu Area. The results showed that there were 10 species of dragonflies consisting of 6 suborders Anisoptera and 4 suborders Zygoptera with the highest abundance value being Euphaea variegata (51.39%), Enallagma signatum (28.47%), Trithemis festiva (6.94%), Orthetrum glaucum (5.56%), Orthetrum chrysis (2.78%), Orthetrum pruinosum (2.08%), Orthetrum testaceum (0.69%), Orthetrum sabina (0.69%), Prodasineura autumnalis (0.69% ), and Drepanosticta fontinalis (0.69%). Based on water quality analysis and according to government regulation no. 82 of 2001, the water in the muria river belongs to category 2. According to the analysis of the family biotic index, it can be seen that the FBI value of the river in the Muria area is 5.60 which means the condition of the river is fair with moderate pollution levels. ©2019 JNSMR UIN Walisongo. All rights reserved.
The effect of Milling Time on Crystal size Sandvik Sanergy
Authors: Sabrina Qolby , Afandi Ahmad , Majid Nurhalis
Published: August 2022

Preliminary study material sandvik sanergy as an alternative material for interconnect applications solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) have been conducted. Sandvik sanergy was milled for 0, 8, 24, and 48 hr with ball milling planetary MTI Corp. The physical properties of small grain size can affect the strength of the alloy when applied as interconnect. In this study, ratio between ball miller and sandvik sanergy was 1:10 aiming to obtain a small grain size. Crystal size characterized by XRD Rigaku Smartlab, morphology of sandvik sanergy after milling observed using SEM Hithaci SU3500 20 kV. Diameter of particles were observed by particle size analyzer (PSA). Results showed that crystal size as well as particle size tended to decrease with the increasing milling time. Discrepancy occurred at 24 hour of milling time and showed agglomeration.©2020 JNSMR UIN Walisongo. All rights reserved.
Optimal control mathematical model of Zika Virus
Authors: Cahyono Budi , Rois Muhammad Abdurrahman
Published: August 2022

This study aims to describe the transmission of the Zika virus a mathematical model that was introduced by Ding, Tao, and Zhu (2016). Based on the analysis, obtained a disease-free equilibrium point, then the stability is seen from the basic reproduction number. The basic reproduction numbers show supporting factors and inhibitors of transmission of Zika virus. Then looking for optimal control, the principle is to control transmission of the Zika virus through reducing interactions between mosquitoes and humans, transmission from infected mosquitoes to susceptible humans, and estimates of mosquito deaths by being given insecticides. With the optimal control solution obtained, it produces a strategy to prevent and control the Zika virus and does not incur expensive costs.©2020 JNSMR UIN Walisongo. All rights reserved.
Synthesis of Hydrochar Cassava peels with hydrothermal carbonization method and applications as hard water softener
Authors: Pratiwi Dzikria Sari , Udaibah Wirda , Kustomo Kustomo
Published: August 2022

Groundwater before being used is very important to pay attention to the quality of the water. Water has good quality if it is in accordance with several parameters, including chemical, physical, and biological parameters. Mineral salt content is one of the chemical parameters that can be used to determine the quality of water. In this study, the synthesis of cassava peel hydrochar was successfully carried out using the hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) method. This material was developed to reduce waste of cassava peel biomass and overcome the problem of water hardness. HTC cassava peel was developed as an alternative hard water softener adsorbent. The results of FTIR characterization on hydro-activation (activating hydrochar) and hydro-non (non-activating hydrochar) contain functional groups of O-H stretch, C-H stretch, C≡C stretch and C=C stretch. Observation of surface morphology by SEM method on hydro-non in the form of large sheets, while the surface on hydro-activities in the form of small sheets. The adsorption capacity of hydro-active against Ca2+ ions and Mg2+ ions were 85.240 mg/g and 87.210 mg/g, respectively. Meanwhile, the hydro-non adsorption capacity of Ca2+ and Mg2+ ions were 84,736 mg/g and 85,713 mg/g. The kinetics of hydro-active adsorption on Mg2+ ion took place on order 3 (0.000003 min-1) while when adsorption of Ca2+ ion took place on order 0 (0.0324 min-1).©2021 JNSMR UIN Walisongo. All rights reserved.
Minimization of time distribution of ballots with Greedy algorithms in Jombang Regency
Authors: Dewi Erina Seviyanti , Fauzia Latifah Asmaul
Published: August 2022

Travelling Salesman Problem is a problem faced by salesmen in distributing goods by passing all points exactly once. This problem is often encountered in life, not least in the distribution of election ballots from the Komisi Pemilihan Umum Daerah (KPUD) Jombang office to the sub-district office in Jombang Regency. Proper route determination can help to minimize the travelling time between places so that the risk of delaying ballot distribution can be avoided. In determining the solution of Traveling Salesman Problem, a Hamiltonian cycle is required. The Hamiltonian cycle is a closed trail that passes every point exactly one time. The Hamilton cycle can be formed by the Greedy Algorithm. The Greedy Algorithm can quickly determine the next point based on the smallest weight in the form of distance between points. From the problem of ballot distribution in Jombang, the starting point of the route is the office of Komisi Pemilihan Umum Daerah (KPUD) Jombang then through 21 sub-district offices and back to the Komisi Pemilihan Umum Daerah (KPUD) office Jombang. Based on the searching for solutions to minimize the distribution time of ballots in Jombang Regency with Greedy Algorithm, the total distance to pass all existing sub-district offices is 253.1 km with a travel time of 427 minutes or 7 hours 7 minutes.©2021 JNSMR UIN Walisongo. All rights reserved.
Study on vibration characteristics of ship mining system under composite load
Authors: Shi Xiao , Li Dan , Zhang Aixia , Zhang Jian
Published: August 2022

The load that borne by ship mining system is very complex. The vibration of lifting pipe can be significantly affected by ocean current and wind load, which has a key impact on material lifting, ore bin storage and ship towing. Considering the composite load condition, the vibration control equation of mining ship is established based on the transverse swing mechanism of ship hull, and the variation law of transverse disturbance is obtained. The dynamic equation is constructed according to the bearing characteristics of the lifting system and the D’Alembert principle. The Wilson method is used to analyze and obtain the transverse vibration spectrum response of the lifting pipe under different wind loads, hull disturbance velocity and water depth. Based on the analogy method and hammering method, the vibration feedback test-bed of the lifting system is built, and the time-domain and frequency-domain vibration characteristics of the lifting pipe model under different water depths are obtained. The results show that in shallow water, the disturbance of mining ship and the composite load of ocean current are the key factors affecting the vibration amplitude of lifting pipe respectively. With the increase of water depth, the characteristic frequency and amplitude of the system decrease, and the amplitude gradually presents a discontinuous phenomenon.
Reading and playing musical notes with image processing techniques with mobile application
Authors: Ersoy Sezgin , Özdöşemeci Fatih
Published: August 2022

The aim of this study is to process the notes on the music sheet, written by hand on the musical note line or edited in the computer environment, with the image processing technique and to play the music over the phone application. This application will be developed with Java in the Android Studio environment and image processing will be done using the OpenCV Library. Detection of a note will be memorized by calculating the value and duration of the note. After these sounds, the frequency values of the notes will be available on the phone.
Design and accuracy test of polar moment of inertia measuring equipment for projectile and rocket
Authors: Sun Liwei , Wang Shukun , Wang Haokun , Zhao Weihong , Li Junye , Shang Chunmin
Published: August 2022

The moment of inertia is an important mass characteristic parameter. It has a direct impact on the trajectory, flight stability, strike accuracy, and service life of the projectile. To meet the measurement of the polar moment of inertia of large projectiles and arrows, this paper uses the vibration compound pendulum method to measure the polar moment of inertia of large projectiles and arrows, deeply analyzes the measurement principle, and designs a polar moment of inertia test equipment. Through the measurement of standard samples, the measurement accuracy of the equipment is tested, and the causes of error are analyzed. The experimental results show that the maximum relative error is less than 0.5 %, and the relative uncertainty is 0.813 %, which meets the requirements of expected technical indicators.
Study on the wetting effect of the silty clay reservoir bank sub-grade
Authors: Qi Dahe , Yang Xinjian
Published: August 2022

In this paper, the deformation characteristics of silty clay after immersion in water were studied. The wetting test of silty clay in a stratum in Chongqing under different confining pressures and different stress levels was carried out by using multi functional triaxial apparatus. Through the single line method and double line method experiments, the law of wetting deformation of silty clay was obtained and a new curve formula was fitted.
Research on sub-health monitoring of equipment based on industrial big data technology
Authors: Zhu Shaoping , Ma Weimin , Li Yupeng , Zeng Yan , Yin Jinhui , Wu Yulian
Published: August 2022

Aiming at the problems of traditional equipment fault diagnosis, such as poor real-time performance, low efficiency and strong subjectivity, a method of industrial equipment sub-health status monitoring based on big data technology was proposed. Firstly, the characteristic engineering of vibration signals is formed by preprocessing vibration signals collected by sensors located near the bearing shaft. Then, the deep residual shrinkage network DRSN was used to build the classification model. By tuning the model parameters, the optimal sub-health status identification model of industrial equipment was obtained. Finally, the accuracy, robustness and generalization of the model were verified. Experimental results show that this method has better generalization performance and can significantly improve the accuracy of industrial equipment fault diagnosis, which has important theoretical value and practical significance to solve the sub-health problems of industrial equipment.
Influence of tip leakage flow on the aerodynamic damping of compressor blade torsional vibration
Authors: Zhang Xiang , Guo Xiao , Ren Guozhe
Published: August 2022

Based on harmonic balance calculation technology with a single-passage phase-lag periodic boundary, the influence of tip gap size on the aerodynamic damping characteristics of rotor for first-order torsional vibration is analyzed with energy method. This research shows that the aerodynamic damping coefficient of the blade has a parabolic distribution law of first decreasing and then increasing with the increase of the tip clearance size. There is a most dangerous clearance value of torsional flutter characteristics in the blade, and the aerodynamic damping under this clearance is 12.67 % lower than the maximum damping value. The influence of the leakage flow on the time-averaged flow field near the blade tip leads to significant differences in the local aerodynamic work. In addition, the effect of leakage flow on the amplitude and phase of the local first-order unsteady pressure also bring about a significant influence on local aerodynamic work near blade tip.
Nonlinear dynamic characteristics analysis of a rotor system supported on aerodynamic bearings
Authors: Fu Yao , Wang Fei
Published: August 2022

Due to the compressibility of gas, the aerodynamic bearings supported rotor system has strong nonlinearity. In this paper, the finite difference method is adopted to solve the Reynolds equation of the compressible fluid and obtain the forces of the gas film. Then the dynamic model of the aerodynamic bearing-rotor system is established, and the Runge-Kutta method is applied to solve the nonlinear equations of motion. With theories of nonlinear dynamics, the bifurcation characteristics of the rotor system supported by aerodynamic bearings are studied. Results show that the rotational speed and the unbalance has great influence on the nonlinear characteristics of the rotor, both periodic and non-periodic responses might emerge.
Analysis of influence characteristics of fractures on soft rock failure mechanism
Authors: Liu Xuejun , Huang Ke , Li Yanjun , Xie Liangfu
Published: August 2022

In order to explore the influence of the distribution of cracks in the rock on the stability of the rock, X-ray diffraction test and electron microscope scanning test were carried out. It was found that the cracks are highly developed under the microscopic view, and micro-cracks can be clearly observed. difficult to observe directly. PFC2D can solve this problem very well. It can generate fractures with different inclination angles and different numbers of different total lengths respectively; explore its influence on the compressive strength of rocks, and observe the development process of micro-fractures and the macro-fractures and micro-fractures after complete crushing. It is found that the inclination angle is linearly related to the compressive strength, and the micro-cracks generally have an X-shaped distribution after complete crushing.
Dynamics and control of vibratory finishing machine with translational motion of lapping-polishing plates
Authors: Korendiy Vitaliy , Kachur Oleksandr , Zakharov Viktor , Kuzio Igor , Havrylchenko Oleksandr , Hurey Tetyana
Published: August 2022

The lapping and polishing operations are of the most important ones considering the finishing treatment of machine parts. These operations can be performed by numerous methods, among which the vibration-driven ones are of the most widespread. The present paper is focused on studying the dynamic behavior of the vibratory finishing machine providing the single-sided lapping and polishing of flat surfaces of cylindrical and prismatic parts. The major scientific novelty of this research consists in an improved control technique of generating the translational oscillations of the lapping (polishing) plates by means of implementing the double-magnet excitation system. In order to investigate the machine’s double-mass vibratory system dynamics, the corresponding mathematical model is developed using the Lagrange-d’Alembert principle. The numerical modeling is carried out with the help of the Mathematica software and presents the time dependencies of the lapping (polishing) plates kinematic parameters. The simplified experimental prototype of the vibratory lapping machine is developed and tested under different operational conditions. The proposed design ideas and obtained theoretical and experimental results can be effectively used by the designers of lapping and polishing equipment, as well as by the technologists implementing new techniques of finishing treatment.
Applications of bispectrum analysis to inspection of fatigue damage in quay cranes
Authors: Cui Li , Cao Maosen , Zhang Hao , Hu Shuigen , Wang Jie
Published: August 2022

The quay crane is a special mechanical equipment which can lift the container vertically and horizontally through intermittent circulation movement. Fatigue crack is one of the main kinds of damage in quay cranes. The generation and development of fatigue crack are invisible, which makes the identification of fatigue cracks a great challenge. From the dynamic point of view, fatigue cracks have nonlinear dynamic characteristics beyond the linear dynamic category. The traditional damage detection methods based on linear hypothesis are difficult to effectively recognize the nonlinear dynamic characteristics of fatigue cracks, so they cannot be effectively used for structural fatigue crack detection. In order to overcome the limitations of the existing linear damage detection methods, bispectrum analysis, a nonlinear dynamic analysis method, is introduced in this thesis. By drawing on the use of bispectrum analysis to describe the nonlinear dynamic characteristics of rotating structures, a fatigue crack detection method based on nonlinear dynamic characteristics of quay cranes is developed.
Yenilebilir Doğal Bitkilerin Etnobotanik ve Gastronomik Açıdan Değerlendirilmesi: Edremit Körfezi (Balıkesir) Örneği
Authors: ALADI Hatice İnci , SATIL Fatih , SELVİ Selami
Published: August 2022

Günümüzde insanların farklı kültürlere olan ilgisi, sağlıklı yaşam hakkında giderek bilinçlenmeleri, doğal gıdalara eğilim göstermeleri ve gastronomik deneyimler yaşama istekleri gibi farklı nedenler yöresel mutfaklara olan talebi giderek artırmaktadır. Ülkemizde, özellikle son yıllarda yapılan gastronomi yarışmaları ve ot festivalleri aynı zamanda yapıldığı bölgenin turizm çekim gücünü önemli derecede etkilemektedir. Balıkesir ilindeki Kaz Dağı, Madra Dağı, Ulus Dağı gibi zengin floristik alanlarda bolca yetişen çok çeşitli gıda bitkileri gastronomik açıdan önemli birer kaynaktır. Bu çalışmada; Balıkesir’de doğal olarak yetişen yenilebilir otlar tespit edilmiş ve yöre insanları tarafından hangi yemeklerde kullanıldığı ve diğer etnobotanik kullanımları ortaya konulmuştur. Araştırma sonucunda 21 familyaya ait 45 cins ve 56 taksonun yemeklerde kullanıldığı tespit edilmiştir. Yaprak ve topraküstü kısımlarının yemeklerde daha çok kullanıldığı görülmüştür. Yabani otlardan en fazla yapılan yemek çeşitlerini kavurma (36 bitkiden), otlu yemek (24 bitkiden) ve salata (22 bitkiden) izlerken en az yapılan yemeklerin de çırpma (3 bitkiden), akıtma (1 bitkiden) ve dolma (1 bitkiden) olduğu ortaya konulmuştur. Ayrıca bir bitkinin baharat (Foeniculum vulgare) ve 8 bitkinin de ot yemekleri haricinde tıbbi olarak kullanıldığı belirlenmiştir. Otların tüketilme biçimlerine ve pişirme tekniklerine bakıldığında ise çoğunlukla salata, zeytinyağı ile kavurma ve haşlama içinde pişirme yöntemlerinin kullanıldığı görülmüştür.
Investigation of Nirmatrelvir with Different Crystal Structures Effective on SARS-CoV-2 by In Silico Approaches
Authors: TÜRKMENOĞLU Burçin
Published: August 2022

A pandemic has been declared in the world with the Covid-19 disease caused by the
SARS-CoV-2 virus. Scientists on this disease, which is of antiviral origin, have been seeking treatment
against SARS-CoV-2 with experimental and computational methods since December 2019.
Nirmatrelvir (PF-07321332; NMV), the antiviral component of PAXLOVID™, has been introduced as
an inhibitor of the main protease (MPro) of this disease, which is a threat to human health, SARS-CoV-
2. By analyzing the binding interactions between the target and the ligand as in silico with the
molecular docking method of Computer Aided Drug Design (CADD), parameters such as amino acids
in the binding site, docking score values, binding energy values can be determined. In this study, to six
different binding parameters (Docking score, XP GScore, Glide evdw, Glide energy, Glide emodel,
MM-GBSA ΔGBind) of Nirmatelvir, an orally taken drug, on the effective crystal structures (7O46,
7QBB, 7NEO, 7B77, 7B2U, 7B2J, 7NBT and 7TVX) of MPro in SARS-CoV-2, were investigated with
Schrödinger 2021-2 (Schrödinger, LLC New York, ABD) software. It is presented in this study that
different crystal structures have different interactions.
Prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in a Bulgarian drinking water supply system
Authors: Tsvetanova Z. G. , Dimitrov D. N. , Najdenski H. M.
Published: August 2022

Drinking water quality and safety are of great concern for public health. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) among the heterotrophic bacteria in drinking water provided by a Bulgarian drinking water supply system (DWSS). Culture-dependent methods and conventional PCR assays were used to study drinking water sampled from six locations on its way from the water source to the consumers' taps. The populations of bacteria resistant to nine antibiotics (ABs) from different classes were quantified and the occurrence of seven antibiotic resistance genes (ARG) was determined. The species composition of the bacterial community and the AMR phenotype of isolated bacteria were determined. The AMR level underwent changes within the DWSS network and the population's proportion of bacteria resistant towards the tested ABs differed depending on the sampling site. The increased level of resistance towards some ABs in drinking water emphasize the role of DWSS as a reservoir of antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) and ARGs that could pose a potential human health risk. Being focused on a Bulgarian DWSS, our study will contribute to establishing health hazards associated with ARB and ARGs in drinking water.
Experimental studies on the hydrodynamic properties of a deposit in rapid filters during physicochemical removal of iron from groundwater
Authors: Martynov S. Yu , Poliakov V. L.
Published: August 2022

This article presents the results of experimental studies for information support of the hydraulic compartment of the mathematical model of physicochemical iron removal from groundwater. It is experimentally established that the bound water in the deposit significantly exceeds the mineral component (chemical iron) for any waters with the different levels of iron oxidation. The deposit dehydration takes place at its boundary with the liquid phase. As a result, ferrous iron is gradually oxidized and ferric iron transforms from hydroxide forms to oxide forms, which leads to a decrease in the deposit volume and a increase in its density and strength. Further, the coefficient of the deposit hydrodynamic stability is proposed to use to take into account changes in the properties of the deposit that accumulates in the granular medium. It is experimentally determined that the iron amount remaining in the medium after backwashing increases simultaneously with the deposit's age. It will lead to a gradual reduction of the operational dirt capacity of the granular medium and a need to have measures of the filtration properties restoration or to replace the filter medium entirely.
Space-time characterization of droughts in the Mae Klong River Basin, Thailand, using rainfall anomaly index
Authors: Khalil Alamgir
Published: August 2022

Drought is a slow-onset natural hazard that has major social, economic, and environmental consequences. This study examined the temporal and spatial characteristics of meteorological droughts in the Mae Klong River Basin, Thailand, during 1971–2015. The rainfall anomaly index (RAI) was calculated for 3, 6, and 12 months using monthly observed rainfall data from eight stations. The RAI results showed the presence of multiple drought events ranging from moderate to severe conditions over the study period. Trend analysis was carried out for the drought duration, magnitude, and intensity using the Mann-Kendall test and the Sen's slope method. Increasing trends were found for drought intensity for both the 6- and 12-month time scales. The performance of RAI was assessed by comparison with the standardized precipitation index (SPI). In general, a high correlation (Pearson's coefficient r>0.93) was found between RAI and SPI. Cohen's Kappa test indicated fair agreement between the results of the two drought indices. The findings of this study are expected to help decision-makers better manage the basin's water resources.
Research into an ecological compensation standard in the Minjiang River Basin under the combined scenario of ‘clear property rights, water quality and quantity, and opportunity cost’
Authors: Rao Qinghua , Lin Xiuzhu , Chen Fang , Chen Wenhua , Lin Yunshan , Zeng Yu
Published: August 2022

Quantification methods of river basin ecological compensation with a scientific basis are not only a research hotspot in the field of resources and environment, but also an urgent technical difficulty needing to be solved in environmental management. The theory of property rights and externalities provides us with a new method to understand ecological compensation, which helps us to put forward a clear policy path to effectively solve the problem of ‘the tragedgy of the Commons’ in the ecological environment protection of river basins. Based on the externality problems of social and economic activities for a river basin, a standard calculation method under the combined scenario of ‘clear property rights, water quality and quantity, and opportunity cost’ was built in this paper. Taking the Minjiang River basin as an example, the definition of ecological property rights of the basin was divided into three scenarios: ‘upstream has pollution rights’, ‘upstream has no pollution rights’ and ‘upstream and downstream co-construction and sharing’. Ecological compensation standards of the Minjiang River basin under different property rights from 2015 to 2019 were calculated. The results showed that: (i) in the case where the upstream has pollution rights, the ecological compensation amount of Sanming City ranged from 2.41–9.36 × 108 Yuan, the final compensation value of Nanping City was 2.29–18.99 × 108 Yuan, and the ecological compensation cost of Fuzhou City was 6.78–28.35 × 108 Yuan; (ii) if the upstream area has no pollution rights, the compensation values of Sanming City and Nanping City to the downstream area were each 0; and (iii) under the case of upstream and downstream co-construction and sharing, the ecological compensation value of Sanming City was 6.25–21.34 × 108 Yuan, the final compensation value of Nanping City was 5.80–20.38 × 108 Yuan, and Fuzhou City needed to pay 12.05–36.38 × 108 Yuan for eco-compensation. The calculated results of ecological compensation standards in the Minjiang River basin indicated the amount of ecological compensation paid by the downstream to the upstream showing an upward trend on the whole. This method was relatively easy to define property rights and obtain data, taking into account the benefits of upstream and downstream, and the calculation process was relatively simple, which developed and supplemented the traditional ecological compensation method used for river basins.
"Tem Vez que a gente não consegue nem andar"
Authors: Zyrianoff Gabriela , Panosso Netto Alexandre
Published: August 2022

A hotelaria possui expressiva representatividade econômica no Brasil e em São Paulo, por outro lado, suas relações de trabalho permanecem precarizadas. Com as medidas para redução de custos adotadas devido ao aumento da competitividade, tais relações se tornaram mais fragilizadas e precárias, principalmente para os trabalhadores de base, que são fundamentais para o funcionamento do setor. Sendo assim, busca-se definir e analisar a Qualidade de Vida no Trabalho das camareiras de hotel. O recorte da pesquisa são os hotéis upscale em São Paulo. Para isso, estabeleceram-se quais fatores deveriam ser considerados na análise da Qualidade de Vida no Trabalho (QVT) e, para tanto, analisaram-se suas principais definições e modelos. Em seguida, investigaram-se os fatores de QVT pela perspectiva das camareiras de hotel. Como metodologia, aplicaram-se entrevistas semiestruturadas em profundidade com as camareiras de cinco hotéis de luxo (ou upscale) de São Paulo. Paralelamente, aplicou-se o Inventário de Trabalho e Riscos de Adoecimento (ITRA). O tratamento dos dados deu-se por meio da Análise do Discurso. Chegou-se à conclusão de que diversos fatores da QVT das camareiras de hotéis de luxo foram considerados críticos ou graves. Entre eles, estão a organização do trabalho, os custos cognitivo e físico do trabalho, o esgotamento profissional, a falta de reconhecimento e os danos físicos da rotina laboral. Apresentaram-se os fatores necessários para melhorar as relações de trabalho na hotelaria, a saber: o fortalecimento dos sindicatos, a fiscalização dos hoteleiros, a sensibilização das camareiras sobre a importância de sua função na área hoteleira, a conscientização dos empreendimentos turísticos sobre a QVT, a influência da QVT sobre o desempenho dos hotéis, a criação de leis trabalhistas justas e sua fiscalização.
produção científica em Turismo e Trabalho
Authors: Conceição Martins da Silva Ivan , Ribeiro Bantim Durães Natasha , Hastenreiter Silva Marina , Corrêa de Almeida Moraes Claudia , Cesar Fratucci Aguinaldo
Published: August 2022

A presente pesquisa teve por objetivo analisar criticamente a produção científica sobre trabalho e turismo dos principais periódicos brasileiros de Turismo, a partir dos títulos, resumos e palavras-chave dos textos selecionados. Se por um lado observa-se uma desarticulação histórica da academia para consolidação de conceitos, categorias e espaços de discussão para esse tema, por outro, ele aparece com urgência na realidade e vem sendo abordado com destaque nos últimos tempos. A metodologia utilizada consistiu de uma revisão sistemática da literatura sobre os temas “trabalho no turismo” e “trabalhadores do turismo”, tendo como parâmetros pesquisas publicadas, entre 2016 e 2020, em periódicos científicos brasileiros da área do Turismo classificados pelo Qualis Capes 2013-2016 entre as categorias A1 e B5.  Foi realizada a leitura interpretativa e crítica de 2388 resumos no total. Como resultados, 117 abordavam turismo e trabalho, o que representa 5% da produção total – e esse número inclui toda pesquisa que tenha abordado alguma questão sobre trabalho e turismo, ainda que não como objetivo principal. Os textos analisados demonstraram que muitas pesquisas ignoram os temas “trabalho” e “trabalhadores”, mesmo quando se propõem a analisar diferentes agentes sociais (stakeholders, instâncias de governança, redes) ou aspectos fundamentalmente ligados aos trabalhadores (como serviços, hospitalidade, produtos). Entretanto, as pesquisas que abordam “trabalho” e “trabalhadores” apresentam ampla diversidade de temas de pesquisa e de categorias profissionais contempladas – confirmando a complexidade e relevância dessa subárea de pesquisa. Assim, esperamos que a presente pesquisa seja um primeiro passo para caracterizar e consolidar a subárea Turismo e Trabalho.
The chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in children and adolescents receiving highly emetogenic chemotherapy. Hidden problem
Authors: Rabaeva L. L. , Zhukov N. V.
Published: August 2022

Introduction. Despite significant advances in prevention, chemotherapy-induced (cytostatic therapy) nausea and vomiting (CINV) continues present a significant clinical problem for patients oncohematological profile, while often remaining outside areas of attention of pediatric oncologists and hematologists.The aim of the study – frequency comparison of occurrence CINV according to data obtained from the medical database documentation (retrospective group) and data obtained in the process assessment of CINV using a modified questionnaire and specialized scales (prospective group).Materials and methods. The retrospective group included 52 patients who received 178 cycles of highly emetogenic anticancer therapy with standard antiemetic prophylaxis from 02/01/2020 to 08/01/2020, in prospective – 88 patients who received 456 cycles of a similar anticancer therapy with standard CINV prophylaxis from 10/01/2020 until 07/01/2021.Results. Although the groups were comparable in terms of key patient characteristics, chemotherapy regimens, and regimen prevention of CINV, the frequency of complete control of CINV between them is significantly was different: when analyzing the primary documentation, it turned out that the complete control of CINV in the acute, delayed and general periods is observed in 82 %, 86 %, 82 % cycles, while when assessing CINV using specialized questionnaires, the absence of these complications was noted only in 68 %, 52 %, 43 % of cycles. Thus, if we focus on standard tools fixing complications (diary entries, prescription lists), in more than 80 % of children receiving highly emetogenic cytostatic therapy it is possible to achieve complete control of CINV, and this complication does not really pose a clinically significant problem. However, when using a questionnaire and specialized scales, it becomes obvious that that more than half of children continue to suffer from CINV despite the standard prophylaxis of this complication.Conclusion. In this way, the analysis performed shows that the frequency of development of CINV during routine antiemetic prophylaxis is clearly underestimated, and, in part, due to this CINV and remains outside the attention of pediatric oncologists and hematologists. For an adequate assessment of the true incidence of CINV and, accordingly, determining the need for improvement of existing approaches to their prevention, a key role should be played specialized questionnaires and scales that fully allow “visualize” this complication.
Extraocular retinoblastoma: literature review and clinical case (intracranial retinoblastoma involving the visual tracts)
Authors: Ushakova T. L. , Polyakov V. G. , Rodina A. D. , Vlasova V. E. , Blankova T. I. , Artemenko Yu. V. , Mikhailova E. V. , Krylov A. S. , Odzharova A. A. , Grigorenko V. A. , Shirikov E. I. , Kozlov N. A. , Gasparyan T. G. , Bekyashev A. Kh. , Dokuchaeva Ya. Yu. , Varfolomeeva S. R.
Published: August 2022

Relevance. Retinoblastoma (RB) is the most common primary intraocular tumor in children. The incidence of RB ranges from 1:14,000 to 1:20,000 newborns. To date, the survival rates of patients with RB reach almost 100 % with timely and adequate diagnosis. Among childhood oncological diseases, RB accounts for 2.3–4.5 % and 85–90 % among intraocular tumors in children. According to the volume of tumor spread, intra- and extraocular forms of the disease are distinguished. Extraocular RB is the spread of the tumor beyond the eye with invasion of the orbital tissues, as well as the possible involvement of adjacent areas, including intracranial without and with regional and/or remote metastases. The main method of treatment of children with extraocular RB is neoadjuvant chemotherapy (CT) with planning of surgical intervention and adjuvant therapy. High-dose CT (HDCT) with autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (auto-HSCT), it allows to increase relapse-free survival in patients without metastatic lesions of the brain and spinal cord, but with their defeat, the prognosis of survival is extremely unfavorable, the nature of the disease is recurrent with 100 % lethality.Description of the clinical case. We report a case of bilateral RB: OD – with extraocular and intracranial spread of the tumor along the optic nerve with a lesion of the chiasm and a transition to the initial parts of the visual tracts. Secondary glaucoma. OS – with intraocular tumor growth in a 3-year-old child. After neoadjuvant chemotherapy, including intrathecal, a simultaneous two-stage operation was performed in the volume of bone-plastic (temporo-orbito-zygomatic) pterionic craniotomy on the right with prechiasmal resection of the right optic nerve and enucleation of the right eye. In the postoperative period, adjuvant chemotherapy was performed, followed by HDCT with auto-HSCT. Radiation therapy has become the final stage of treatment. Brachytherapy for OS tumor and remote radiotherapy for craniospinal region, right orbit, optic nerve stump with chiasm and pituitary pedicle were successively performed. After 14 months from the beginning of treatment and 5 months after its completion, a leptomeningeal relapse of the disease was detected.Conclusion. Rare observations of RB with damage to the visual tracts do not allow us to sufficiently study the features of the course of the tumor process, as well as to develop a single effective approach to antitumor treatment. Among the causes of mortality in patients with extraocular RB, the main one is metastasis, metastasis in the brain and spinal cord.
Phytochemicals: A New Approach for Targeting Biomarkers in the Management of Arthritis
Authors: Malhotra Hitesh , Kamboj Anjoo , Kaushik Peeyush
Published: August 2022

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune inflammatory condition that
involves the destruction of bone as well as cartilage architecture and induces extensive
joint pain, stiffness and swelling. The condition is characterized by the infiltration of
inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1, TNF-α, which results in synovial hyperplasia
and pannus formation. Currently, no effective curative treatment is available for RA
patients and the existing ones produce numerous unwanted effects. So,
phytoconstituents have been considered as a potential source for many such chronic
conditions with minimal side effects. Phytomolecules such as Andrographolide,
Berberine, Curcumin, Ginsenoside, Hesperidin, Kirenol, Madecassocide and various
other polyphenolic compounds are under clinical or pre-clinical trials for their anti.arthritic efficacy. Phytochemicals used in the treatment of arthritis target the
inflammatory signaling pathway and hyperactive immune reactions. The compounds,
in addition to anti-inflammatory activity, also suppress bone erosion and osteoclastic
activity. Furthermore, phytomolecules inhibit the release and generation of reactive
oxygen species and proinflammatory cytokines.
Japanese videogames in English translation: a study of contemporary subtitling practices
Authors: Fabbretti Matteo
Published: August 2022

This article examines the ongoing development of translation norms in the field of Japanese popular culture texts, focusing on the translation of Japanese video games into English. In the first part, the article describes particular translation norms that have emerged in the field, before presenting a case study of the translation of the Japanese video game series Yakuzain order to illustrate how video game companies have begun to successfully integrate fan-translation norms into commercial products.
FAMILIA SOLANACEAE I: géneros Acnistus – Witheringia (excepto Solanum)
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Martínez Mahinda , Montero Juan Carlos ,   Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, A. Dean Ellen ,   University of California, Bye Robert ,   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Luna-Cavazos Mario ,   Colegio de Postgraduados, Medina José Miguel ,   Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Rzedowski Jerzy ,   Instituto de Ecología, A.C., Centro Regional del Bajío
Published: August 2022

Familia de ca. 80 géneros (de acuerdo con algunos autores hasta 102) y más de 2500 especies, de distribución cosmopolita, particularmente diversa en Sudamérica y con representantes de mayor importancia económica, como la papa (Solanum tuberosum L.), el jitomate (Solanum lycopersicum L.), los chiles (Capsicum spp.), el tabaco (Nicotiana tabacum L.), así como diversas plantas ornamentales y otras de interés medicinal. Para México se reconocen en la actualidad 34 géneros y 381 especies. En la región de estudio se registran 21 géneros y 84 especies.