bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Conceptual Model for Selecting Extension Delivery Methods to Plan Better Programs
Authors: Radhakrishna Rama , Olson Brad , Chaudhary Anil Kumar
Published: June 2022

Extension educators today face several challenges in designing, delivering, and evaluating programs. Achieving successful program outcomes is becoming increasingly difficult. Educators must choose amongst a wide variety of technology and delivery methods, all while facing resource constraints such as cost, time, and materials. Educators require a tool that helps them to select delivery methods that achieve more successful program outcomes. We developed a conceptual model that connects the scholarly works of Bloom et al., Dale, and Bennett with over 30 program delivery methods. This article demonstrates the model’s utility by applying it to a past program on smoking cessation.
Role of Extension in Building Sustainable Partnerships with Multiple Stakeholders for Land Conservation
Authors: Diaz John M. , Bardon Robert E. , Hazel Dennis , Bruce Jackie , Jayaratne K.S.U.
Published: June 2022

The complexity of issues facing rural landscapes in the United States has resulted in a shift from the traditional Extension model to a partnership building approach. In North Carolina, Extension was charged with coordinating a partnership with a diverse set of stakeholders representing the interests of working lands, conservation, and national defense to address shared land compatibility issues. Using a single case study design, we evaluate the role of Extension in the coordination of diverse stakeholder groups for conservation of rural landscapes to protect the military training mission based on insights from the North Carolina Sentinel Landscapes Partnership. The case study includes analysis of key informant interviews and organizational documents through the constant comparative method that provides themes for Extension to consider for such efforts. We found that Extension plays a leadership role in convening a diverse set of interests, facilitating organizational development and educating a broad range of stakeholders. We provide eight key recommendations to accelerate the process of initiation and implementation of such efforts based on an ability to implement a realistic and feasible program that is informed by knowledge of what works elsewhere.
Leukotriene D4 Levels in Patıents With Breast Cancer
Authors: AKAYDIN Sevgi , RAMAZANOĞLU Sümeyye , MİSER SALİHOĞLU Ece , KARANLIK Hasan , DEMOKAN Semra
Published: June 2022

Leukotriene D4 (LTD4) is an inflammatory mediator synthesized in the arachidonic acid pathway and has been reported to induce cell proliferation and survival in cancer. LTD4 is synthesized from LTC4 by the enzyme gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT). Here, we examined serum LTD4 levels and the relationship of LTD4 with GGT in patients with breast cancer. For that purpose, serum samples were taken from 43 patients diagnosed with breast cancer and 8 healthy controls. The patients were divided into five subgroups, as Luminal A, Luminal B, Luminal B-HER2(+), HER2(+) and triple negative. LTD4 levels were measured by ELISA method. Mean levels of LTD4 in the patients were significantly higher than in healthy controls [3,43 (2,21) ng/mL vs 1,47 (0,46) ng/mL; p < 0.05]. According to the molecular subtypes, serum LTD4 levels were found to be significantly higher in the Luminal A, Luminal B and Triple (-) subgroups than in the controls (p
Addressing Virtual Learning Challenges in Higher Institutions of Learning: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: OMONA Kizito
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Many universities across the globe are set to keep lectures online, more especially in this era of COVID-19 and yet there is an increased spotlight on the challenges faced by learners. Some of these challenges include; issues related to communications, assessments and scheduling of lectures. Teaching and learning in an e-learning environment is said to happen differently as opposed to the traditional classroom and this can present new challenges to instructors and learners.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to review the various ways of addressing virtual challenges in higher institutions of learning

Methods: Literature Search of databases of Google Scholar, PubMed, SCOPUS and ResearchGate using the keywords “Addressing virtual learning challenges” was done. Additional inputs were taken from blogs and relevant reports.

Result: The results varied; some learners reported that "It's difficult to share our points as online discussions can move swiftly from one topic to another. Engaging a big class in a live forum can be challenging too." Other learners asserted that by regulating who can speak up at one time, the moderator can ensure that no one is left behind. However, it is also reported that there is a growing concern of plagiarism surrounding online examination and thus stringent plagiarism checks must be enhanced to curtail such vice.

Conclusion: A lot is still needed to address virtual learning challenges. No single measure is exhaustive enough and more vigilance is required to sustain the adopted measures and improve the quality of virtual learning.
Assessment of Solid Waste Management at Source in Compliance With Guidelines
Authors: OMONA Kizito , MADERU Paul
Published: June 2022

Solid waste management poses a big challenge for many urban households, especially in developing countries. Overcrowding and informal settlements have emerged with illegal and indiscriminate waste disposal. Guidelines for proper management of solid waste are least observed at household level in such settings. The study was to assess solid waste management at source in compliance with guidelines among residents of Kawempe municipality, Kampala district. It was descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study design, where 385 household heads and local leaders were interviewed using questionnaires and interview guides. Only 37.9% of households complied with guidelines for solid waste management at source. Factors of waste management practices were waste reduction (p<.005), separation (p<.001), reuse (p<.001) and composting (p<.027). Determinants such as gender (p<.007), marital status (p<.016), educational level (p<.00), occupation (p<.007), household size (p<.025), medium of community sensitization (p<.00), enforcement of bi-laws (p<.005), type of waste generated (p<0.00) and waste storage method (p<.009) were implicated. Conclusively, compliance with guidelines in the management of household solid waste at source was still very low within the city.
Atmosphere-related environmental problems diagnostic test: A validation study in Bosnia and Herzegovina university student
Authors: TURAJLİĆ Nızama , ĐAPO Nermin , GAJEVİĆ Mahir , MEŠİĆ Vanes , ŠKRİJELJ Rifat
Published: June 2022

This study was conducted with three aims. The first aim of our study was to examine both construct-related validity and content validity of the Atmosphere-related environmental problems diagnostic test (Arslan et al. 2012) in Bosnia and Herzegovina university student sample. The Atmosphere-related environmental problems diagnostic test is a three-tier multiple-choice diagnostic test consisting of 13 questions on global warming, greenhouse effect, ozone layer depletion and acid rain. The second aim of this study was to examine scientific understanding as well as misunderstanding of atmosphere-related environmental problems among B&H university student sample. Finally, the third aim of our study was to compare scientific understanding and misconceptions of the atmosphere-related environmental problems with respect to educational background. A total of 445 students (22,7% males) of three faculty participated in the research.
Results indicate that Atmosphere-related environmental problems diagnostic test measures a single construct of general scientific knowledge about atmosphere-related environmental problems. In addition, the content validity and reliability were satisfactory. Results obtained in our study show that students’ overall understanding of each content area was low but comparable to knowledge of pre-service teachers in the USA (Arslan et al. 2012; Kahraman, 2019). Similar to earlier research, most incorrect answers resulted from lack of knowledge rather than from misconceptions. Students who attended ecology classes scored higher than students who had not attended these classes. However, although having higher scores on Atmosphere-related environmental problems diagnostic test, students who attended ecology classes also exhibited more misconceptions related to atmosphere-related environmental problems compare to who had not attended ecology classes. This finding indicates that in the context of university education in Bosnia and Herzegovina, one has to also check for possible sources of didaktikogenic misconceptions related to environmental education.
Het Google Shopping-arrest
Authors: Huijts A.M.
Published: June 2022

Het Google Shopping-arrest. Misbruik of marktwerking? Een kwestie van verdienste

Het onderhavige arrest betreft de eerste keer dat de zoekmachine van Google door de Unierechter mededingingsrechtelijk wordt beoordeeld. Het Gerecht oordeelt dat Google, door haar eigen productvergelijkingsdienst te bevoordelen en die van concurrenten te benadelen, misbruik van haar machtspositie heeft gemaakt. Het arrest bevat belangrijke verduidelijkingen over het begrip ‘mededinging op basis van verdienste’, de Bronner-rechtspraak, en mededingingsbeperkende gevolgen. Ook merkt het arrest de zoekmachine van Google aan als een quasi-essentiële faciliteit. Gerecht 10 november 2021, T-612/17, ECLI:EU:T:2021:763 (Google Shopping).
Hergebruik van stedelijk afvalwater: op (de Europese) weg naar een circulaire economie
Authors: Outhuijse A. , Melchers S.A. , Gilissen H.K.
Published: June 2022

Hergebruik van stedelijk afvalwater: op (de Europese) weg naar een circulaire economie

Grote delen van de wereld hebben of krijgen mede door klimaatverandering in toenemende mate te maken met waterschaarsterisico’s. Ook Europa en Nederland ontspringen de dans niet en dienen zich daaraan aan te passen. Daarnaast zijn er binnen de EU en Nederland vergaande ambities om in 2050 een volledig circulaire economie tot stand te hebben gebracht. Een van de strategieën om deze risico’s te lijf te gaan en bij te dragen aan de verwezenlijking van deze ambities, is het hergebruik van (stedelijk) afvalwater. In dit artikel bespreken de auteurs het Europese kader en de implementatie daarvan in Nederland voor hergebruik van stedelijk afvalwater, met bijzondere aandacht voor Verordening (EU) 2020/741 inzake minimumeisen voor hergebruik van water die per 26 juni 2023 van kracht zal zijn. Vervolgens onderwerpen de auteurs de ontwikkelingen in dit verband aan een discussie, waarbij zij ingaan op de vraag of inderdaad grootschalig gebruik zal worden gemaakt van de mogelijkheden die de Verordening biedt en welke volgende ontwikkelingen te verwachten zijn.
Het nieuwe rechtsstaatmechanisme krijgt groen licht van het Hof van Justitie
Authors: van Rijn T.P.J.N.
Published: June 2022

Het nieuwe rechtsstaatmechanisme krijgt groen licht van het Hof van Justitie

De beroepen van Hongarije en Polen tegen Verordening (EU) 2020/2092 van het Europees Parlement en de Raad van 16 december 2020 betreffende een algemeen conditionaliteitsregime ter bescherming van de Uniebegroting zijn door het Hof van Justitie ongegrond verklaard. Dit regime, dat de auteur aanduidt als het nieuwe rechtsstaatmechanisme, heeft hij reeds uitvoerig besproken in NtEr 2021/9-10. In deze bijdrage worden de arresten van het Hof van Justitie geanalyseerd. Ingegaan wordt op de overwegingen van het Hof van Justitie over de rechtsbasis van de verordening, over de vraag of de procedure van artikel 7 VEU niet wordt omzeild en of verschillende bepalingen van de verordening de beginselen van rechtszekerheid en evenredigheid respecteren. Het resultaat van de arresten is dat het rechtsstaatmechanisme nu door de Commissie in werking kan worden gezet. De vraag is in hoeverre een procedure met betrekking tot Hongarije en Polen tot een einde wordt gebracht – zeker in de huidige geopolitieke situatie. Er zijn overigens tekenen dat Polen bereid is maatregelen te nemen om vastgestelde schendingen van de rechtsstaat ongedaan te maken.

HvJ 16 februari 2022, zaak C-156/21, ECLI:EU:C:2022:97 (Hongarije/Europees Parlement en Raad), HvJ 16 februari 2022, zaak C-157/21, ECLI:EU:C:2022:98 (Polen/Europees Parlement en Raad).
Responsabilidade civil dos aplicativos de transporte de passageiros e de entrega de alimentos diante dos acidentes de trânsito
Authors: Borges Natália Meireles , Rezende Elcio Nacur
Published: June 2022

A pesquisa pretende investigar a existência de responsabilidade civil dos aplicativos de transporte de passageiros e de delivery de alimentos diante dos acidentes de trânsito. Buscou-se analisar o contexto de surgimento destes aplicativos, a natureza dos serviços por eles prestados, a existência ou não de relação de consumo entre os aplicativos e os usuários e, por fim, se os aplicativos respondem civilmente em razão dos acidentes de trânsito perante os usuários e, também, perante terceiros e, caso positivo, qual é a extensão desta responsabilidade. Concluiu-se que a responsabilidade civil dos aplicativos, nas duas situações, será objetiva, com fulcro no Código de Defesa do Consumidor. Utilizou-se o método técnico-jurídico com técnica de pesquisa bibliográfica, legislativa e jurisprudencial para a realização deste trabalho.
Acesso à justiça: o mito da proteção do meio ambiente pelas cortes internacionais de direitos humanos
Authors: Amaral Carlos Henrique Carvalho , Gomes Magno Federici
Published: June 2022

O meio ambiente sadio é direito inerente ao ser humano, garantia de vida na Terra, cuja proteção é irrestrita. Neste artigo propõe-se compreender o acesso à justiça como mecanismo de salvaguarda do Direito Humano ao meio ambiente, transcendendo os limites da jurisdição nacional e a busca de organismos transnacionais na efetivação de direitos e garantias fundamentais. Para tanto a metodologia consiste em um estudo jurídico teórico com raciocínio dedutivo analisando-se a efetividade dos julgados das cortes internacionais em matérias que envolvam temáticas ambientais, examinando os procedimentos adotados pela Convenção Interamericana de Direitos Humanos, pelo Protocolo de San Salvador e pela Corte Internacional de Justiça. Realiza-se ainda pesquisa bibliográfica e documental em que se pretende atestar que mesmo diante da limitação da matéria pelos organismos internacionais através da utilização da via obliqua ou reflexa é possível a análise de temas ambientais pelas Cortes Internacionais. O referencial teórico utilizado como base para orientar a pesquisa trata-se da obra de Mauro Cappelletti e Bryant Garth, Acesso à Justiça. As conclusões alcançadas demonstram que em muitos casos a execução das sentenças se dá de forma parcial e demorada.
Disciplina jurídica da doação de órgãos post mortem: uma análise bioético-jurídica da condição de submissão à autorização pela família ratificada pelo Decreto 9.175/2017
Authors: Araújo Ana Thereza Meirelles , Nascimento Matheus Alexandrino
Published: June 2022

Esta pesquisa parte da necessidade de investigação das motivações jurídicas que justificaram o não reconhecimento da validade da vontade do doador para fins de doação dos seus órgãos. A pesquisa tem como objetivo demonstrar a medida de violação da autonomia do sujeito doador, quando o Estado brasileiro ratificou a necessariedade da autorização familiar na doação de órgãos por meio do Decreto 9.175/2017, tornando esse pressuposto condição essencial para a que o ato de doação aconteça. Para isto, se revisa o regramento legislativo que recai sobre a doação de órgãos, a partir também de conceitos e fundamentos relacionados à doação, além de se propor uma retomada às bases da bioética, demonstrando, assim, o princípio da autonomia e, por conseguinte, os modelos de autonomia, para que se promova, de forma aprofundada, uma análise crítica acerca do assunto. Por fim, se observa o movimento legislativo, jurídico e social para alterar a concepção vilipendiosa que foi recentemente ratificada em prol de garantir a possibilidade de respeito à autonomia por meio da adoção de um regramento adequado. Como caminho metodológico, adotou-se o método hipotético-dedutivo e o uso de referencial teórico especializado.
Processualidade democrática, inteligência artificial, massificação da ratio decidendi
Authors: Costa Fabricio Veiga , Martins Naony Sousa Costa
Published: June 2022

O objetivo geral da presente pesquisa é a investigação dos reflexos da inteligência artificial na padronização do conteúdo de mérito das decisões judiciais, a fim de demonstrar que tais técnicas são ferramentas que se prestam a limitar o espaço processual de debate dos pontos controversos da demanda. A escolha do tema se justifica em razão da sua relevância teórica, prática e atualidade, especialmente por se tratar de estudo destinado a averiguar se o uso da tecnologia e da inteligência artificial constitui um meio de restringir o espaço processual de debate dos pontos controversos da demanda pelas partes interessadas. Verifica-se a sumarização da cognitio, uma vez que o espaço processual de debate dos pontos controversos da demanda é limitado (e muitas vezes suprimido), inviabilizando a ampla exauriência argumentativa. Por meio das pesquisas bibliográfica e documental, concluiu-se que o uso da inteligência artificial constitui mais uma técnica de proposição de um modelo de processo autocrático, fundado em decisões unilaterais e solipsistas, haja vista que o seu destinatário final fica impossibilitado da construção discursivo-democrática do provimento final de mérito.
AVALIAÇÃO FARMACOLÓGICA DE ÓLEOS ESSENCIAIS PRODUZIDOS NA REGIÃO NORDESTE DO BRASIL
Authors: Mendes Alice Lima Rosa , Coêlho Mayara Ladeira , Rodrigues Jairelda Sousa
Published: June 2022

Os óleos essenciais são utilizados em nossos antepassados, como ação terapêutica, extraídos por diversas partes da planta como flor, folha, fruto através de técnicas de arraste a vapor. A indústria farmacêutica utiliza mais de 300 óleos essenciais de diversas plantas no mundo. A presente pesquisa, teve como objetivo, avaliar as principais ações farmacológicas dos compostos extraídos dos óleos essenciais produzidos em cada estado da região nordeste do Brasil. O presente estudo trata-se de uma pesquisa bibliográfica do tipo revisão integrativa da literatura, para o levantamento dos artigos, a coleta de dados foi realizada por meio das bases de dados: MEDLINE, LILACS, SciELO, Science Direct e BDTD. Para a realização do levantamento de dados da pesquisa, foi usada a combinação das palavras-chave, consideradas Descritores em Ciência e Saúde (DeCS). Os termos foram utilizados palavras com os descritores palavras do título e do resumo. Foram analisadas publicações no período de 2010 a 2020, nos idiomas português, inglês e espanhol. Diante disso, os resultados revelaram que os 23 artigos selecionados apresentaram predominância da abordagem descritiva e quantitativa. Nessa perspectiva, com o que foi analisado, a espécie que mais obteve artigos publicados nas bases de dados foi a Croton rudolphianus, seguido por Citrus aurantium, Lippia sidoides, Melissa officinalis e por último Cymbopogon schoenanthus e Hyptis dilatata Benth. Os OEs apresentaram uma vasta atividade antimicrobiana, frente à várias espécies de bactérias e fungos, assim como, uma diversidade de compostos bioativos entre os seus constituintes fitoquímicos e farmacológicos.
TESTES ANTIOXIDANTES EM FLAVONOIDES DE RECURSOS NATURAIS: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Authors: Ribeiro Manoela Cavalcante , Macedo Fernanda Arias de Almeida , Macêdo Anny Louisy de Sousa , Mendes Alice Lima Rosa , Coêlho Mayara Ladeira
Published: June 2022

Os flavonoides são compostos de natureza fenólica e são caracterizados por sua forte atividade antioxidante, uma propriedade importante extraída em algumas espécies de plantas, sendo utilizados na proteção dos organismos vivos aos radicais livres, com função fisiológica nos mecanismos de sinalização celular, eliminação de germes, entre outras ações. O trabalho proposto tem como objetivo realizar uma revisão integrativa para analisar as metodologias utilizadas para testar a capacidade antioxidante de flavonoides. A revisão da literatura foi realizada nas bases de dados Scielo, Pubmed e Lilacs, que foi realizada no período de Agosto e Setembro de 2019, selecionando artigos entre os anos de 2015 e 2019 com os descritores “flavonoids” e “antioxidante”. Foram elaboradas tabelas descrevendo o 1ª autor, título, objetivo e a base de dados dos artigos selecionados. As metodologias para o isolamento e atividade antioxidante são diversas, tendo como as mais utilizadas e validadas: cromatografia em camada analítica, HUCSE, cromatografia liquida de alta eficiência (HPLC), DPPH, ABTS, FRAP (Poder antioxidante ferro-redutor).
THE MEANING AND ROLE OF PERSISTENT SOCIAL BENEFITS AS A FORMS OF SUPPORT FOR THE ELDERLY PEOPLE
Authors: Iwański Rafał , Szafranek Anna
Published: June 2022

Abstract en
RELAÇÃO ENTRE A PRESSÃO SOCIAL ESTÉTICA E A SEXUALIDADE FEMININA NA ATUALIDADE
Authors: Queiroz Maria Eduarda Diógenes de Freitas , Spinelli Junior Vamberto Fernandes
Published: June 2022

Objetivo:ste estudo busca explorar de que maneira os padrões de comportamento atribuídos ao gênero desde a infância e a pressão estética social exercida sobre mulheres está associada a patologias sexuais na idade adulta. Métodos: trata-se de uma Revisão integrativa com a seguinte questão de pesquisa “como a pressão social estética afeta a sexualidade feminina na atualidade?” utilizando pesquisas lançadas nas bases de dados virtuais Scholar Google e SCIELO, que atendessem aos critérios de inclusão selecionados. Resultados: Foi observado que a categoria 1, onde é tratado o conceito de gênero e sexualidade humana, constitui 25% do estudo em no que tange a quantidade de artigos. A categoria 2 aborda como o comportamento das mulheres é moldado pela indústria da beleza, e conta com 50% de todos os artigos da pesquisa. A categoria 3 explana sobre a disfunção sexual não orgânica oriunda na psique, na síntese de 25% dos estudos utilizados. Conclusão: O acúmulo de estímulos que pressionam um padrão estético advindos tanto da família, quanto da mídia e dos outros setores que constituem uma sociedade, é um dos geradores de psicopatologias, dentre elas, as patologias sexuais de caráter não orgânico, em mulheres na atualidade.
The well-being of physicians during the COVID-pandemic in a Belgian tertiary hospital
Authors: Korthoudt C , Kegels N , Domen A , Moorkens G , Saldien V
Published: June 2022

Background: COVID-19 has become the largest medical challenge worldwide, affecting the physical and mental well-being of physicians. The aim of this study was to explore the well-being of physicians during the second wave of the COVID-19 outbreak in a Belgian tertiary hospital, with special attention to anaesthesiologists. They were confronted with overcrowded intensive care units, were mentally challenged during several months by an overwhelming workload.

Methods: All physicians of the Antwerp University Hospital (UZA) were invited to participate through an online anonymous questionnaire to objectively evaluate their well-being during the second wave of the COVID-19 outbreak in Belgium. Mental well-being was evaluated by the validated Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale (WEMWBS) summing 14 equally weighted questions (scoring range 1 to 5) about mental well-being. Demographic data such as age, gender, function, COVID exposure was collected.

Results: Ninety physicians, 42 residents and 48 staff members, completed the questionnaire with an average WEMWBS of 50.6±8.0. Participating residents were deployed more on COVID-19 departments compared to participating staff members (p=0.02) and reported a higher workload (p=0.001). Residents scored significantly lower on the WEMBWS compared to staff members (48.1±8.2 vs. 52.8±7.3, p=0.01). Also, 15 female anaesthesiologists scored significantly lower in the WEMWBS compared to their 12 male colleagues (p=0.03).

Conclusion: During the second wave of the COVID-19 outbreak in Belgium, residents reported a significantly higher workload due to COVID-19 and reported a significantly lower well-being compared to staff members.
A comparison of midazolam, dexmedetomidine 2µg/kg and dexmedetomidine 4µg/kg as oral premedication in children, a randomized double-blinded clinical triall
Authors: Lalin D , Singh S , Thakur V
Published: June 2022

Background: The objective of this study was to analyze an oral administration of midazolam with two different doses of dexmedetomidine for premedication in paediatric patients.

Methods: A prospective, randomized, double blind study. Three hundred patients, aged 1-7 years, undergoing elective surgery under general anesthesia were recruited for the study. Patients were randomized into three groups to receive oral midazolam 0.5mg/kg (group M), oral dexmedetomidine 2 µg/kg (group D2) and oral dexmedetomidine 4 µg/kg (group D4) for premedication. An observer blinded to the patient group allocation assessed level of sedation at 30 minutes after giving the premedication, ease of parental separation was assessed while shifting the patients to the operating room, mask acceptance during induction and postoperative agitation scores in post anesthesia care unit.

Results: The sedation score of group D4 was significantly higher than group D2 and group M [ group D4- 4 (4,3), group D2- 2(2,2) and group M -2(3,2), H statistics = 80.4718, p < 0.00001]. The parental separation score, mask acceptance score and postoperative was also significantly better for group D4 compared to the other two group.

Conclusion: These results suggest that oral dexmedetomidine 4 µg/kg is more effective than oral midazolam 0.5mg/kg and oral dexmedetomidine 2 µg/kg for premedication in children.
TEACHER CAREER DEVELOPMENT LAW IN THE NEW NORMAL ERA A CASE STUDY OF PUBLIC TEACHER DEVELOPMENT IN INDONESIA
Authors: Saiful Wathan Muhammad Bukhari,
Published: June 2022

The spreading of the Covid-19 pandemic to many countries in the world since December 2019, including Indonesia, has made teaching and learning policies happen online. This creates many challenges, including the career development of teachers, especially in public schools. This must be handled considering that the positions filled with potential are based on the subjectivity of the leadership, and performance in government agencies must be objective and based on results with measurable quantity and quality. Based on the normative juridical study, two conclusions were drawn. First, developing a teaching career during the Covid-19 pandemic requires individual abilities and emotional maturity of above-average levels to make quick, accurate, and accountable decisions. Second, to produce maximum organizational performance, the government must regulate the concept of teacher career development whose quantity and quality are measurable, such as an analysis of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) and the Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix (QSPM).
Intervensi Kompres Hangat Untuk Menurunkan Intensitas Nyeri Pada Pasien Gastritis: Sebuah Studi Kasus
Authors: Siti Padilah Nida , Suhanda  , Nugraha Yuda , Fitriani Ade
Published: June 2022

Tujuan: Studi kasus ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis implementasi evidence-bassed nursing kompres hangat terhadap penurunan intensitas nyeri epigastrum pada pasien gastritis.

Metode: Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus deskriptif, dimana disusun berdasarkan laporan asuhan keperawatan melalui pendekatan proses keperawatan yang dilakukan selama tiga hari di Ruangan Dahlia RSUD Kota Banjar. Pengkajian dilakukan dengan cara anamnesis dan observasi. Diagnosa Keperawatan ditentukan dengan Standar Diagnosa Keeperawatan Indonesia (SDKI), sedangkan  rencana keperawatan disesuaikan dengan pengelompokan intervensi pada Standar Intervensi Keperawatan Indonesia (SIKI) yang ditunjang dengan Evidence Based Nursing. Implementasi dan Evaluasi keperawatan didokumentasikan dengan model SOAPIER. Pemberian terapi kompres hangat pada pasien gastritis diberikan dengan menggunakan botol yang berisikan air hangat dengan kisaran suhu <42ºC.

Hasil: Diagnosa keperawatan nyeri akut dengan nomor diagnosa 0077 diberikan intervensi keperawatan berupa kompres hangat. Setelah diberikan intervensi keperawatan selama 3 hari, skala nyeri berkurang bahkan hilang saat dievaluasi pada hari ketiga yang asalnya skala 5 menjadi skala 0. Data subjektif dari hasil anamnesa, klien juga mengatakan nyeri berkurang dan pada hari ketiga klien mengatakan nyeri hilang.

Kesimpulan: terapi kompres hangat efektif terhadap penurunan intensitas nyeri. Pada pasien gastritis dengan masalah nyeri skala nyeri yang asalnya skala 5 menjadi skala 0 (hilang).
Penyuluhan Kesehatan Perawatan Luka di Leuwianyar
Authors: Hidayat Nur , Choerunnisa Risma
Published: June 2022

Wounds have a variety of causes some arise from surgical intervention, result from injury, and others are the consequence of extrinsic factors, such as pressure or friction, even underlying comorbidities such as diabetes or vascular disease. The results of the community representatives are that there are those who do not know how to treat wounds, but there are also some who already know by using NaCl infusion fluids. Sodium Chloride (NaCl) which is known as salt is a substance that has a high osmotic level. Poviden iodine (betadine) is a complex compound of Iodine and Povidone which is usually used as an antiseptic on wound surfaces because it can damage enzymes. Discussion and demonstration methods were used, so that people could better understand how to treat wounds at home. In the future, you can do it yourself at home for the use of this method in treating wounds, so it can be better.
Penyuluhan Kesehatan dan Edukasi Hipertensi kepada Keluarga
Authors: Al Adami pradana Sultan , Aji Sukmara , Rizki Novianti Tiya , Cahaya Tiara , Tresnawan Triman
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Hypertension is a health problem in the world. Complications have a major impact on the quality of daily life, including in life. Maximizing blood pressure control has become a benchmark for improving overall health. In addition to pharmacological treatment, non-pharmacological treatment such as dietary regulation plays a very important role in controlling blood pressure. Many food constituents such as potassium, sodium, magnesium, and potassium have been thoroughly studied in recent times. Meanwhile, of all the nutrients it has been shown to clearly recommend it and some things remain and continue to be studied. Dietary modification is often debated with patients which can then provide considerable benefits for controlling blood pressure. Hypertension or high blood pressure is a scourge that continues to heat up and becomes a major problem and priority in this country and around the world, because in the long term chronic elevated blood pressure will increase the risk of cardiovascular and renovascular complications. and cerebrovascular. The analysis of Kearney et al, shows that this increase in the incidence of hypertension is not uncommon.

Objective: The purpose of health promotion is to control, prevent, and treat hypertension as well as provide broad insight to families in the community about hypertension.

Methods: The counseling method used is a direct approach method through education and interviews as well as screening a short video about hypertension.

Result: Participants are able to answer all the questions that have been prepared by the counseling team.

Conclusion: The conclusion from the counseling results ended well with evidence of increased knowledge of participants who were given counselling.
Peningkatan pengetahuan tentang hipertensi untuk menyetabilkan tekanan darah pada keluarga
Authors: Zharfa Asmarani Andiri , Desry  , Mega Tresna Pamungkas Dina , Dwi Zuvita Elza , Aulia Mustika Elsha
Published: June 2022

Introduction:Hypertension is a disease where a person's condition is when his blood pressure is above 140/90 mmHg. Hypertension is still one of the big enough problems in health to still be overcome. This disease can lead to the emergence of various more severe diseases, such as stroke, kidney disease, heart failure and can also cause death over time.

Objektive: The purpose of this counseling is to educate about the problem of hypertension. Because there are still some people who do not understand hypertension.

Method: The method he uses is holding a question and answer session given to the family at the end of the counseling evaluation. This is in order to increase basic knowledge about hypertension and can also apply it to daily life as given. The counseling is divided into several parts, namely timeliness and duration, participation, and solving problems.

Result: The results of the activity show that it has been carried out well in accordance with the results indicators and criteria on the observation sheet instrument. However, there are some that do not match the results criteria. There are five kinds of research sheets, namely timeliness and duration, participation, knowledge, and problem solving. 

Conclusion: The evaluation showed that giving responses to the questions given, could answer the questions correctly, but after health education gave the correct feedback. This shows that the status of knowledge changes before and after health education is carried out. Suggestions for this activity need time management so that counseling can be carried out according to the time specified in SAP.
Pendidikan Kesehatan Perilaku Hidup Bersih Dan Sehat Dengan Permainan Ular Tangga
Authors: Fauzi Aenun , Wiarsih Diar , Sherina Nea , Nurwahidah Shofi , Hidayat Aldi , Fikri Aulia NHA Alisa
Published: June 2022

Pendahuluan: PHBS di sekolah adalah usaha untuk memungkinkan para siswa, guru, dan komunitas sekolah untuk mengetahui dan mampu berlatih PHBS dan bermain peran aktif dalam menyadari sekolah yang sehat. kekurangan pengetahuan internal, dan kesadaran siswa telah menghalangi sukses PHBS di sekolah Tujuan: Tujuan layanan komunitas ini adalah untuk meningkatkan perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat, terutama sekitar sekolah. Metode: metode yang digunakan adalah metode demonstrasi, yaitu bermain game dengan ular dan tangga media. Kemudian mengambil responden dari kelas 3 MI Handapherang hingga 22 orang dan sampel mengambil hanya 5 orang, Hasil: aktivitas layanan komunitas ini adalah implementasi pendidikan kesehatan pada perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat melalui permainan ular dan tangga untuk anak-anak seusia sekolah dari 22 anak dengan 5 anak yang melakukan itu. Kesimpulan:. Pendidikan Kesehatan tentang PHBS dengan metode demonstrasi permainan ular dan tangga yang dilakukan pada anak-anak seusia sekolah dengan 22 responden dan sampel 5 orang dengan menjawab pertanyaan dengan benar
Permainan Ular Tangga untuk Edukasi Disiplin Membuang Sampah
Authors: Silvia Ajeng , Nigusyanti Annisa Fitria , Maulidah Noorsopia  , Tarisa Amelia  , Rapiyudin  , Fauzanillah  , Yulistianto  , Firmansyah Andan
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Instilling awareness to maintain a clean environment can be instilled from an early age. The application or delivery of health promotion can use game media because students can more easily understand, not experience boredom in delivering the material. Health education media that can be applied to school children are like the snake and ladder game.
Objective: To implement snake and ladder games on increasing students' knowledge in disposing of waste.
Method: Health promotion research is used in PHBS education methods and demonstrations of disposing of waste according to its type with game media in the form of snakes and ladders. This Health Promotion was carried out with 8 students who were at SDN 3 Linggasari, Ciamis District, Ciamis Regency with a total of 25 children as respondents and accompanied by a homeroom teacher. Health Promotion is carried out through 4 stages, namely 1) selection of targets and places, 2) preparation of facilities and infrastructure, 3) implementation of activities, 4) evaluation.
Result: The implementation of health promotion for students of SDN 3 Linggasari Ciamis on Clean and Healthy Living Behavior about Disposing of garbage according to its type produced less significant results because previously students of SDN 3 Linggasari Ciamis rarely applied it so that there were still students who could not distinguish between organic and non-organic types of waste, and dispose of waste improperly.
Conclusion: This activity can increase children's knowledge about the purpose of disposing of waste, the benefits of disposing of waste in its place, the positive and negative impacts of throwing garbage in its place, as well as steps for disposing of waste correctly. In its implementation in the field, teachers and children at SDN 3 Linggasari Ciamis gave a positive response and high enthusiasm in participating in counseling and simulations of disposing of waste according to its type.
Demonstrasi Memprediksi Gangguan Cerebral Pada Orang Dengan Trauma Kepala Melalui Pengukuran Tekanan Darah
Authors: Sinuraya Elida , Idahwati  , Inka D Loisha
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Head injury is leading cause of death and disability. Brain cells around the injury will be functionally impaired. If the brain was widespread and bleeding, it has an impact on the failure of blood pressure controls mechanisms because blood pressure is one of the indicators in the prognosis of head injury patients.
Objective: the community was able to identify blood pressure measurement, the community was able to say hello before taking blood pressure, the community was able to prepare blood pressure equipment, the community was able to preparing client before taking blood pressure, and the community was able to taking blood pressure on client.
Method: a demonstration method was use in this community service.
Result: the community was able to identify blood pressure measurement in good category (88.9%),, The community was able to say hello before taking blood pressure in good category (88.9%), the community was able to prepare blood pressure equipment in good category (74.1%), the community was able to prepare client before taking blood pressure in good category (74.1%),  and the community was able to taking blood pressure the very good category (63.0%).
Conclusion: The activity of demonstration taking blood pressure by community to predicting cerebral disorders in people with head injury was effective
Pendampingan Asuhan Keperawatan Medikal Bedah pada Pasien dengan Gangguan Sistem Persyarafan: Fraktur Lumbal
Authors: Hidayat Nur , Nuraida Noneng
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Lumbar fracture is a disease of the nervous system where the continuity of the lower spine is broken. Lumbar fractures can be caused by predisposing factors such as traffic accidents or falls, as well as precipitating factors such as obesity and lack of calcium intake that cause low bone density.
Objective: This assistance is aimed at providing nursing care to Mrs. M with a medical diagnosis of a lumbar fracture in the Famboyan room of the Banjar City Hospital in 2021.
Method: This assistance activity is carried out by providing nursing care with five stages of the nursing process, including assessment, diagnosis, nursing planning, nursing implementation and results.
Result: The results of the assistance showed that the patient's main complaint was low back pain, the diagnosis that emerged in the patient was acute pain, after being given nursing actions from 6-10 December with the results the patient said the pain scale had decreased slightly, the patient looked more relaxed.
Conclusion: After giving the nursing care process which was carried out on December 6-10 2021, the problems found in Mrs. M with a medical diagnosis of a lumbar fracture that has not been resolved.
Pemberdayaan Kader Posyandu untuk Pencegahan Risiko HIV/AIDS di Kecamatan Cimaragas
Authors: Solihatul Masruroh Nida , Kartika Ana Emilia , Sugiharti Restu , Dwi Yulia Anggi , Irawan Dimas , Hamdani Kiki , Nurapandi Adi
Published: June 2022

Introduction: The existence of Posyandu in the community has a very large and important role, because it is related to the fulfillment of very important health needs for mothers and children. Health matters are a factor that has an important role to create high-quality human resources. HIV/AIDS is the seventh disease from the third health priority.
Objective: Aims as a health promotion activity to provide knowledge to posyandu cadres through health education about preventing the risk of HIV/AIDS, in order to avoid the transmission and spread of HIV/AIDS.
Metod: This study uses the method of health education on HIV/AIDS and the use of leaflet print media. This health education promotion was carried out at the Melati IV Posyandu in Totokan Village, Cimaragas District, Ciamis Regency, on March 21, 2022. By going through several stages, namely the selection of places and targets, preparation of facilities and infrastructure, implementation of activities, and finally evaluation.
Result: The result of the implementation of this health education promotion is the implementation of health education regarding the prevention of the risk of HIV/AIDS in Cimaragas District, before being given counseling there were several respondents who knew about HIV/AIDS but did not understand the disease, but after being given the knowledge and ways to prevent it, it showed that respondents can understand the importance of preventing the risk of HIV/AIDS,
Conclussion: The conclusion of the health education activities regarding the prevention of HIV/AIDS risk which was carried out to posyandu cadres in Cimaragas sub-district, could increase knowledge and understanding of HIV/AIDS risk prevention, this health education event ran smoothly.
Pencegahan Risiko Penularan HIV/AIDS dengan Kampanye “Stop Free Sex”
Authors: Indah Permatasari Viyona , Sandika Gustian Moch , Renata Tamara Ajeng , Firdaus Aris , Zakariya Usman , Setyawati Karin
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Knowledge about HIV/AIDS among adolescents is very important in forming attitudes towards efforts to prevent HIV/AIDS transmission by avoiding risky behaviors such as free sex among adolescents. Free sexual acts are sexual acts that take place without restrictions, either as a single sexual relationship or with those who have sex without formal marriage according to the law and religion, beliefs of each person.
Objective: This research is to shape the knowledge and attitudes of adolescents with targeted coaching
Method: The community service participants were attended by all students of class X SMK Miftahussalam as many as 40 people. with the lecture method and question and answer the material provided includes: definition of HIV/AIDS and free sex, causal factors, impacts, and prevention of HIV/AIDS and free sex.
Result: The result of this activity at SMK Miftahussalam is the implementation of health education regarding the risk of HIV/AIDS transmission by preventing free sex. Before being given counseling about HIV/AIDS and free sex, there were some students who did not understand the risk of HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention of free sex. However, after being given the material, students could understand what HIV/AIDS is and how to prevent it.
Conclussion: The conclusion from community service activities at SMK Miftahusaalam can increase students' knowledge and understanding of the material that has been delivered. This activity is expected to be able to reduce the number of free sex incidents directly, and students can have a high awareness of the risks of HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention of free sex and avoid negative behaviors that damage their morals and reproductive health.
Methods of Protein Detection in Cancer for Diagnosis, Prognosis and Therapy
Authors: Sundarraj Shenbagamoorthy , Rajagopal Gopalan , Sundaramahalingam Balaji , Sundar Madasamy , Thangam Ramar
Published: June 2022

Emerging proteomic technologies offer new insight in the study of malignant tumor to identify protein biomarkers for early detection, stratification, prediction and monitoring of treatment, as well as to detect target molecules for therapy. The tumor protein biomarker is responsible for the regulation of the cell cycle to promote cell proliferation and resistance to cell death. Important technologies include ELISA, immunohistochemistry, flow cytometry, western blot, mass spectrometry, protein microarray, and microfluidics for the study of screening, protein profiling, identification, qualitative and quantitative analysis of differential expressed oncoproteins relative to cancer tissues, counterparts at different stages of the disease from preneoplasia to neoplasia. It can also provide a detailed description of identifying tissue-specific protein biomarkers and to analysis the modification of protein activity in cancer conditions. In this chapter, we discuss current and emerging protein assays for improving cancer diagnosis, including trends toward advances in assay miniaturization, improve sensitivity and specificity, time and cost-effective, and accuracy in detection and measurement of protein activity. However, information from these protein diagnostic technologies should be integrated to obtain the optimal information required for the clinical management of a patient.
Epidemiology of Hepatitis B Virus
Authors: Katamba Cibangu , Onaluwa Philippe Onoya
Published: June 2022

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a double-stranded DNA hepadnavirus. It is an important cause of acute 5and chronic hepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Worldwide about 2 billion people show serological evidence of exposure and about 400 million have active infection. High prevalence areas include sub-Saharan Africa, China, and southeast Asia. HBV was known at onset as the etiology of what is called “serum hepatitis”, this is the most common form of viral hepatitis transmitted parenterally. It is also a cause of both acute and chronic hepatitis of great significance. Hepatitis B virus has an incubation period that varies between 1 and 6 months. The clinical features of acute infection resemble those of the other viral hepatitides. Death from fulminant hepatitis occurs in about 1%. Following acute infection, there is either complete recovery (with long-term immunity) or persistent infection. The latter occurs in 5–10% infected adults, 30% infected children and 90% infants infected at birth; it is more common in the immunocompromised.
Cone Calorimetry in Fire-Resistant Materials
Authors: Kumar Soni Rakesh , Teotia Meenu , Sharma Aakansha
Published: June 2022

Polymeric materials are specifically designed by compounding with additives to achieve specific properties that make them suitable for a particular application. Flame retardant materials offer fire-resistant properties to the polymers. The fire behavior of polymeric materials can be investigated with the help of various analytical techniques such as Underwriters Laboratories test standard UL-94, LOI test, Thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) and Cone Calorimetry. Among these tests, Cone Calorimetry is the most suitable test method for predicting the real-scale fire behavior of polymeric materials and is adopted by the International Organization for standardization (ISO 5660-1). It quantifies heat generation, smoke production, mass loss and helps in the selection of polymeric materials for desired applications. In this chapter, an attempt has been made to present an overview of the thermal decomposition of polymers and the action of flame retardants. Different fire testing techniques generally used for investigations of fire characteristics of polymers are summarized.