bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Electron spin polarization generated by transport of singlet and quintet multiexcitons to spin-correlated triplet pairs during singlet fissions
Authors: Matsuda Saki , Oyama Shinya , Kobori Yasuhiro
Published: February 2020

Singlet fission (SF) is expected to exceed the Shockley–Queisser theoretical limit of efficiency of organic solar cells.
Covalent conductive polymer chain and organic ligand ethylenediamine modified MXene-like-{AlW12O40} compounds for fully symmetric supercapacitors, electrochemical sensors and photocatalysis mechanisms
Authors: Gong Li-Ge , Qi Xian-Xian , Yu Kai , Gao Jia-Qian , Zhou Bai-Bin , Yang Guo-Yu
Published: February 2020

The covalent conductive polymer chain and organic ligand ethylenediamine modified MXene-like-{AlW12O40} compounds are proposed to facilitate the discovery of promising photo-electrically active materials.
Insights into the chemical and electronic interface evolution of Li4Ti5O12 cycled in Li2S–P2S5 enabled by operando X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
Authors: Wu Xiaohan , Villevieille Claire , Novák Petr , El Kazzi Mario
Published: February 2020

Operando XPS enables monitoring the chemical and electronic properties of the interface SE/active materials in ASSB.
Ternary nanocomposite-based reduced graphene oxide/chitosan/Cr2O3 for the simultaneous determination of dopamine, uric acid, xanthine, and hypoxanthine in fish meat
Authors: Ghanbari Khadijeh , Nejabati Fatemeh
Published: February 2020

A voltammetric non-enzymatic sensor based on a reduced graphene oxide/chitosan/chromium oxide nanocomposite-modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE/rGO/CS/Cr2O3) was investigated for simultaneous determination of dopamine, uric acid, xanthine and hypoxanthine.
A PMMA-based heterogeneous photocatalyst for visible light-promoted [4 + 2] cycloaddition
Authors: Huber Niklas , Li Run , Ferguson Calum T. J. , Gehrig Dominik W. , Ramanan Charusheela , Blom Paul W. M. , Landfester Katharina , Zhang Kai A. I.
Published: February 2020

Macromolecular organic photocatalysts consisting of a PMMA network with integrated conjugated moiety have broad and promising applications in visible light-promoted photoredox catalysis.
In situ synthesis of Co2P-decorated red phosphorus nanosheets for efficient photocatalytic H2 evolution
Authors: Li Chenyang , Fu Mian , Wang Yan , Liu Enzhou , Fan Jun , Hu Xiaoyun
Published: February 2020

The Co2P as co-catalyst was firstly loaded on the 2D microporous structure RP surface by in situ hydrothermal method.
Polyoxometalate-based room-temperature phosphorescent materials induced by anion–π interactions
Authors: Wu Xiao-Yuan , Zhang Hai-Long , Wang Sa-Sa , Wu Weiming , Lin Lang , Jiang Xiao-Yu , Lu Can-Zhong
Published: February 2020

A series of polyoxometalate-based host–guest materials emit strong red room-temperature phosphorescence attributed to intermolecular charge-transfer states which was caused by unorthodox anion–π interactions.
Occurrence of polyoxouranium motifs in uranyl organic networks constructed by using silicon-centered carboxylate linkers: structures, spectroscopy and computation
Authors: Liu Chao , Yang Xin-Xue , Niu Shuai , Yi Xiao-Yi , Pan Qing-Jiang
Published: February 2020

Four polyoxouranium-based uranyl carboxylates have been synthesized based on silicon-centered carboxylate linkers. Oligomerization of the uranyl units from tetrameric unit, to octameric motif and ultimately infinite polyoxouranium chain was observed.
Faster removal of nitrite than nitrate in sulfur-based autotrophic denitrification coupled with anammox, affected by the anammox effluent
Authors: Wang Tuo , Guo Jianbo , Lu Caicai , Li Haibo , Han Yi , Song Yuanyuan , Hou Yanan , Zhang Jiali
Published: February 2020

Faster removal of nitrite than nitrate in sulfur-based autotrophic denitrification (SADN) coupled with anammox was explored through contrasting single-stage SADN.
A self-powered photodetector based on two-dimensional boron nanosheets
Authors: Ma Dingtao , Wang Rui , Zhao Jinlai , Chen Qianyuan , Wu Leiming , Li Delong , Su Liumei , Jiang Xiantao , Luo Zhengqian , Ge Yanqi , Li Jianqing , Zhang Yupeng , Zhang Han
Published: February 2020

In this work, we demonstrated that B nanosheets can be applied for self-powered photodetectors with superior photoresponsivity and excellent stability.
Recent advances in catalysts, electrolytes and electrode engineering for the nitrogen reduction reaction under ambient conditions
Authors: Hou Junbo , Yang Min , Zhang Junliang
Published: February 2020

The fundamental basics, electrocatalysts, electrolytes, and electrode design for the nitrogen reduction reaction under ambient conditions were comprehensively reviewed.
Enhancement of ibuprofen solubility and skin permeation by conjugation with l-valine alkyl esters
Authors: Janus Ewa , Ossowicz Paula , Klebeko Joanna , Nowak Anna , Duchnik Wiktoria , Kucharski Łukasz , Klimowicz Adam
Published: February 2020

New ibuprofen derivatives made via conjugation with l-valine alkyl esters have better solubility in aqueous solutions and a lower log P value compared to the parent acid. They provide faster and more completely permeation of drug through the skin.
Enhanced electrocatalytic activity and selectivity of glycerol oxidation triggered by nanoalloyed silver–gold nanocages directly grown on gas diffusion electrodes
Authors: Boukil Rihab , Tuleushova Nazym , Cot Didier , Rebiere Bertrand , Bonniol Valerie , Cambedouzou Julien , Tingry Sophie , Cornu David , Holade Yaovi
Published: February 2020

Partial galvanic replacement of silver atoms by those of gold was optimized to fabricate free-standing highly active and selective electrocatalysts for glycerol electrooxidation.
A strategy to construct multifunctional TADF materials for deep blue and high efficiency yellow fluorescent devices
Authors: Lv Xialei , Sun Shuaiqiang , Zhang Qing , Ye Shaofeng , Liu Wei , Wang Yaxiong , Guo Runda , Wang Lei
Published: February 2020

A series of multifunctional deep blue TADF materials is designed and synthesized, when a wide-energy-gap host in the TADF sensitization system is utilized, a high EQE of 19.12% of the orange fluorescent device is obtained.
Children's Language Disorders: What's in a Name?
Authors: Paul Rhea
Published: February 2020

Purpose

This article aims to illuminate the process and results of an international consortium project that considered terms and diagnostic criteria used in the identification of children with language problems.

Method

The process by which the consortium worked to arrive at its recommendations is considered. The wider implications of accepting their recommendations are also discussed.

Results

Although the consortium's recommendations have been accepted in many quarters, they remain controversial among American child language disorders researchers.

Conclusion

Suggestions are provided for addressing the controversies identified.
Frequent Billing Misconceptions and Potential Related Dilemmas Faced by Speech-Language Pathologists
Authors: Schwartz Sandra A.
Published: February 2020

Purpose

Speech-language pathologists practicing clinically are often faced with billing questions and reimbursement issues related to everchanging insurance regulations and Medicare guidelines. The ability to remain current, knowledgeable, and therefore compliant with these insurance rules and regulations is often a challenge. Errors are frequently made that unknowingly create fraudulent, financial, and/or ethical dilemmas. It is important to have not only the knowledge, as it pertains to the facility and location in which services are rendered, but also the ability to obtain the appropriate answers when questions occur.

Conclusion

Included in this tutorial are frequent misconceptions and/or billing-related questions encountered in speech-language pathology practice. Answers to these questions along with relevant scenarios are presented with information and references to assist practitioners navigate them if, and when, they arise.
Spatial distribution of exoplanet candidates based on Kepler and Gaia data
Authors: Maliuk A. , Budaj J.
Published: February 2020

Context. Surveying the spatial distribution of exoplanets in the Galaxy is important for improving our understanding of planet formation and evolution.

Aims. We aim to determine the spatial gradients of exoplanet occurrence in the Solar neighbourhood and in the vicinity of open clusters.

Methods. We combined Kepler and Gaia DR2 data for this purpose, splitting the volume sampled by the Kepler mission into certain spatial bins. We determined an uncorrected and bias-corrected exoplanet frequency and metallicity for each bin.

Results. There is a clear drop in the uncorrected exoplanet frequency with distance for F-type stars (mainly for smaller planets), a decline with increasing distance along the Galactic longitude l = 90°, and a drop with height above the Galactic plane. We find that the metallicity behaviour cannot be the reason for the drop of the exoplanet frequency around F stars with increasing distance. This might have only contributed to the drop in uncorrected exoplanet frequency with the height above the Galactic plane. We argue that the above-mentioned gradients of uncorrected exoplanet frequency are a manifestation of a single bias of undetected smaller planets around fainter stars. When we correct for observational biases, most of these gradients in exoplanet frequency become statistically insignificant. Only a slight decline of the planet occurrence with distance for F stars remains significant at the 3σ level. Apart from that, the spatial distribution of exoplanets in the Kepler field of view is compatible with a homogeneous one. At the same time, we do not find a significant change in the exoplanet frequency with increasing distance from open clusters. In terms of byproducts, we identified six exoplanet host star candidates that are members of open clusters. Four of them are in the NGC 6811 (KIC 9655005, KIC 9533489, Kepler-66, Kepler-67) and two belong to NGC 6866 (KIC 8396288, KIC 8331612). Two out of the six had already been known to be cluster members.
Impact of tides on the transit-timing fits to the TRAPPIST-1 system
Authors: Bolmont E. , Demory B.-O. , Blanco-Cuaresma S. , Agol E. , Grimm S. L. , Auclair-Desrotour P. , Selsis F. , Leleu A.
Published: February 2020

Transit timing variations (TTVs) can be a very efficient way of constraining masses and eccentricities of multi-planet systems. Recent measurements of the TTVs of TRAPPIST-1 have led to an estimate of the masses of the planets, enabling an estimate of their densities and their water content. A recent TTV analysis using data obtained in the past two years yields a 34 and 13% increase in mass for TRAPPIST-1b and c, respectively. In most studies to date, a Newtonian N-body model is used to fit the masses of the planets, while sometimes general relativity is accounted for. Using the Posidonius N-body code, in this paper we show that in the case of the TRAPPIST-1 system, non-Newtonian effects might also be relevant to correctly model the dynamics of the system and the resulting TTVs. In particular, using standard values of the tidal Love number k2 (accounting for the tidal deformation) and the fluid Love number k2f (accounting for the rotational flattening) leads to differences in the TTVs of TRAPPIST-1b and c that are similar to the differences caused by general relativity. We also show that relaxing the values of tidal Love number k2 and the fluid Love number k2f can lead to TTVs which differ by as much as a few 10 s on a 3−4-yr timescale, which is a potentially observable level. The high values of the Love numbers needed to reach observable levels for the TTVs could be achieved for planets with a liquid ocean, which if detected might then be interpreted as a sign that TRAPPIST-1b and TRAPPIST-1c could have a liquid magma ocean. For TRAPPIST-1 and similar systems the models to fit the TTVs should potentially account for general relativity, for the tidal deformation of the planets, for the rotational deformation of the planets, and to a lesser extent for the rotational deformation of the star, which would add up to 7 × 2 + 1 = 15 additional free parameters in the case of TRAPPIST-1.
Predictors for the Early Termination of a Psychological Intervention During Treatment with Assisted Reproductive Technologies
Authors: Bernd Marie , Schick Maren , Rösner Sabine , Germeyer Ariane , Strowitzki Thomas , Moessner Markus , Bauer Stephanie , Ditzen Beate , Wischmann Tewes
Published: February 2020

Introduction Assisted reproductive technologies are typically perceived by couples as being an emotional burden. The objective of the study “Positive Ausrichtung bei unerfülltem Kinderwunsch” [Positive adjustment in infertility] (PACI) is to examine the efficacy and acceptance of a smartphone-supported psychosocial intervention during infertility treatment. In this investigation, the early drop-out of study subjects from the study is of primary interest. The objective of the investigation was to find predictors for ending a psychological intervention prematurely.

Materials and Methods There are data available from an eight-month randomised, controlled study in which 141 patients and their partners participated. Sociodemographic and fertility-related data were collected at the start of the study. The couples received the ScreenIVF questionnaire at two points in time. As part of a post-evaluation, a survey was conducted on the efficacy of the psychological online intervention. To analyse the data, a dyadic data structure was used in order to determine connections within the study subject couples between the selected stress indicators and the drop-out. In addition, a “risk score” as a possible predictor for the drop-out was tested.

Results The descriptive observation of the sample indicates in this interim assessment that the study subjects recruited are less stressed patient couples. Actor–partner interdependence models indicate statistically significant connections between the stress indicators of anxiety, little social support and helplessness and an early drop-out.

Conclusions The statistically significant effects found in this study with regard to the stress indicators in connection with drop-outs from psychosocial intervention studies indicate that it is advisable to continue to seek measures for people undergoing stressful medical treatments in order to motivate and support them and thus optimally utilise the opportunities of a medical treatment. The number of patients who endure their ART treatment may also increase as a result, which could lead in turn to increased patient satisfaction over the long term (and thus possibly to higher pregnancy rates).
Dry ports: research outcomes, trends, and future implications
Authors: Khaslavskaya Alena , Roso Violeta
Published: February 2020

The concept of dry ports has gained significant interest among practitioners and researchers in the last decade. Consequently, publications on this topic have followed this development, and today there are more than 100 papers available in the Scopus and Science Direct databases, compared with only two papers in 2007. The purpose of this paper is to summarize current scientific knowledge on the phenomenon and to identify research outcomes, trends, and future research implications by conducting a systematic literature review (SLR). SLR is an explicit and reproducible method that ensures the reliability and traceability of the results. The selection of relevant papers was performed independently by each author using Rayyan QCRI software; the coding and analysis were conducted with the help of NVivo qualitative data analysis software. Findings show that the research area is largely represented by qualitative cases and optimization studies covering various aspects of dry ports. Dry port examples around the world differ based on location, functions, services, ownership, and maturity level. Although the research area is young and discrete, five main thematic areas are identified: debate on the concept, environmental impact, economic impact, performance impact, and dry ports from a network perspective.
Theoretical investigation of the electronic relaxation in highly excited chrysene and tetracene: The effect of armchair vs zigzag edge
Authors: Posenitskiy Evgeny , Rapacioli Mathias , Lemoine Didier , Spiegelman Fernand
Published: February 2020

Non-adiabatic molecular dynamics of neutral chrysene and tetracene molecules is investigated using Tully’s fewest switches surface hopping algorithm coupled to the time-dependent density functional based tight-binding (TD-DFTB) method for electronic structure calculations. We first assess the performance of two DFTB parameter sets based on the computed TD-DFTB absorption spectra. The main focus is given to the analysis of the electronic relaxation from the brightest excited state following absorption of a UV photon. We determine the dynamical relaxation times and discuss the underlying mechanisms. Our results show that the electronic population of the brightest excited singlet state in armchair-edge chrysene decays an order-of-magnitude faster than the one in zigzag-edge tetracene. This is correlated with a qualitatively similar difference of energy gaps between the brightest state and the state lying just below in energy, which is also consistent with our previous study on polyacenes.
Hybrid photonics beyond silicon
Authors: Monat Christelle , Su Yikai
Published: February 2020

In the past years, significant progress has been made on the realization of high performance building blocks in photonic circuits, such as ultra-low loss waveguides, monolithic lasers, high-speed modulators, and high efficiency photodetectors. However, toward large scale integration with complete functions and breakthrough performance, there are still many challenging problems to solve. While silicon has proved to be an asset material for integrated optics, the combination of other materials with complementary properties has turned out to be critical for the realization of specific advanced photonic devices. Yet, the major challenge has been the materials’ differences that cause difficulties in hybrid integration. APL Photonics’ keen interest in the field leads us to offer this editorial, which will present a broad overview of the recent progress, current challenges, and future opportunities of hybrid photonics integration.
An integrative approach to the facile functional classification of dorsal root ganglion neuronal subclasses
Authors: Giacobassi Mario J. , Leavitt Lee S. , Raghuraman Shrinivasan , Alluri Rishi , Chase Kevin , Finol-Urdaneta Rocio K. , Terlau Heinrich , Teichert Russell W. , Olivera Baldomero M.
Published: February 2020

Significance

We have used the cellular response to a conopeptide, a highly selective K-channel blocker κM-RIIIJ, as the initial step in an integrated molecular-, cellular-, and systems-level functional analysis to describe and characterize six discrete subclasses of large-diameter mouse dorsal-root ganglion neurons. Analysis of two of these classes (proprioceptors and Aδ–low-threshold mechanoreceptors) by current-clamp electrophysiology and single-cell transcriptome analysis revealed functional differences between the subclasses based on specific molecular components. This integrated strategy is a potentially powerful tool for investigating individual neuronal cell types in functional context. This study also establishes a general approach for defining which specific ion-channel heteromeric combinations are present in different individual neuronal subtypes.
The fibroblast-derived protein PI16 controls neuropathic pain
Authors: Singhmar Pooja , Trinh Ronnie The Phong , Ma Jiacheng , Huo XiaoJiao , Peng Bo , Heijnen Cobi J. , Kavelaars Annemieke
Published: February 2020

Chronic pain is a major clinical problem of which the mechanisms are incompletely understood. Here, we describe the concept that PI16, a protein of unknown function mainly produced by fibroblasts, controls neuropathic pain. The spared nerve injury (SNI) model of neuropathic pain increases PI16 protein levels in fibroblasts in dorsal root ganglia (DRG) meninges and in the epi/perineurium of the sciatic nerve. We did not detect PI16 expression in neurons or glia in spinal cord, DRG, and nerve. Mice deficient in PI16 are protected against neuropathic pain. In vitro, PI16 promotes transendothelial leukocyte migration. In vivo,
Pi16
−/−
mice show reduced endothelial barrier permeability, lower leukocyte infiltration and reduced activation of the endothelial barrier regulator MLCK, and reduced phosphorylation of its substrate MLC2 in response to SNI. In summary, our findings support a model in which PI16 promotes neuropathic pain by mediating a cross-talk between fibroblasts and the endothelial barrier leading to barrier opening, cellular influx, and increased pain. Its key role in neuropathic pain and its limited cellular and tissue distribution makes PI16 an attractive target for pain management.
Developmental pathways of cardiorespiratory fitness from 6 to 15 years of age
Authors: Rodrigues Luis P. , Bezerra Pedro , Lopes Vitor P.
Published: February 2020

Most of the information gathered about physical fitness of paediatric populations are cross‐sectional, resulting in normative perspectives that account for average values relative to age, but not to a comprehensive understanding of developmental individual trajectories. The aim of this study was to model the longitudinal development of cardiorespiratory fitness of boys and girls from 6 to 15 years of age, using an individual centred approach. Two hundred twenty‐nine school children (128 boys; 101 girls) were followed on their 20 metres shuttle run test (20mSRT) results from 6 to 15 years of age. Annual measurements were made during the four years of primary school, and again at grade 9th or 10th. Individual trajectories of 20mSRT development were modelled and grouped according to their similarities of change in three different developmental pathways that were included in subsequent hierarchical nested models for testing each sex developmental model of cardiorespiratory fitness. Final models including the developmental pathways showed better deviance statistics (p < .001). Interindividual slope variances were almost zero, and statistically non‐significant (0.05 boys 0.01 girls; p > .50), meaning these models capture well the existing variability, in respect to the rate of change. Individual pathways of change in the performance of 20mSRT test can be detected in childhood and adolescence. Additionally, all individual's developmental trajectories in 20mSRT can be described using three significantly different slopes. These pathways are indicative of a high, average, or low rate of change in performance over the years and differ from the normative approach.
Progressive Myocardial Apoptosis and Cardiac Dysfunction in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats During Aging
Authors: Wu Yun , Fu Li-yun , Ruan Qin-yun , Yan Lei , Huang Chun-yan , Cai Huang-e , Huang Hui-mei , You Zi-ling , Chen Yu-peng
Published: February 2020

Objective

To investigate myocardial apoptosis and the expression of apoptosis-related proteins [B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) and Bax], cardiac hypertrophy, and function in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) during aging.

Methods

Male SHR (n = 36) and Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY, n = 30) were monitored for their cardiac function from 14 to 102 weeks of age using echocardiography. Myocardial apoptosis in the subendocardium and subepicardium was analyzed using TUNEL staining. The apoptosis-related proteins (Bcl-2 and Bax) were assessed by Western blot analysis.

Results

Left ventricular mass index (LVMI) in SHR increased progressively with age. Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) showed no significant difference from 14 to 66 weeks of age, but decreased significantly in SHR from 84 to 102 weeks of age. The apoptotic index (APOI) of myocardial cells in SHR increased with age, in which subendocardial APOI (APOI-endo) increased at 66 weeks and was significantly higher than the age-matched WKY (9.83 ± 3.97 vs. 4.03 ± 2.06, P < 0.05). Additionally, the subepicardial APOI (APOI-epi) increased significantly at 84 weeks of age (P < 0.05). Bax/Bcl-2 ratio was higher in SHR than WKY at 66 weeks (3.98 ± 0.80 vs. 0.29 ± 0.06, P < 0.05), and enhanced further at 102 weeks of age (10.54 ± 1.60 vs. 0.70 ± 0.13, P < 0.05). Myocardial APOI was positively correlated with LVMI (r = 0.83, P < 0.01), negatively with LVEF in 66–102 weeks (r = −0.81, P < 0.01), and positively with Bax/Bcl-2 ratio (r = 0.79, P < 0.01).

Conclusion

Myocardial apoptosis increases with aging and is associated with progressive left ventricular remodeling and cardiac dysfunction in SHR.
There are no fundamental facts
Authors: Loss Roberto
Published: February 2020

I present an argument proving that there are no fundamental facts, which is similar to an argument recently presented by Mark Jago for truthmaker maximalism. I suggest that this argument gives us at least some prima facie, defeasible reason to believe that there are no fundamental facts.
Recurrent takotsubo syndrome with worsening of left ventricular outflow obstruction during haemodialysis: a case report
Authors: Takada Takuma , Jujo Kentaro , Ishida Issei , Hagiwara Nobuhisa
Published: February 2020

Background

The recurrence rate of takotsubo syndrome (TS) has been reported as 1.8% per patient-year while left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction is comorbid in 10–25% of all instances of TS. The clinical course of recurrent TS with associated LVOT while on haemodialysis has rarely been reported.

Case summary

This case report involves a 60-year-old female patient receiving regular haemodialysis who was admitted for chest pain during ballroom dancing. Four years prior, she had suffered TS, and fully recovered after the hospitalization. An emergent coronary angiogram done during the second hospitalization showed no significant stenosis, and left ventriculography demonstrated mid-apical akinesia and basal hyperkinesia. Based on these findings, we diagnosed the recurrence of TS. Later in the admission, chest pain reappeared with the start of haemodialysis. A transthoracic echocardiogram demonstrated mean pressure gradient (PG) of LVOT was 58 mmHg, with systolic anterior motion of the mitral valve and basal-wall hyperkinesia. The main aetiology for her symptoms was considered as an exacerbation of LVOT obstruction due to removing intravascular volume by haemodialysis. After starting landiolol at 3 μg/kg/min, PG of LVOT and symptoms gradually improved with uptitration of landiolol. Finally, her chest pain resolved when mean PG of LVOT was down to 38 mmHg using 10 μg/kg/min of landiolol.

Discussion

To our knowledge, this is the first report of a recurrent TS case comorbid with LVOT obstruction while on regular haemodialysis. Landiolol, the ultrashort-acting beta-blocker, may be a promising therapeutic option for rapid recovery of increased PG due to LVOT obstruction.
DASH and Mediterranean-Dash Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) Diets Are Associated With Fewer Depressive Symptoms Over Time
Authors: Cherian Laurel , Wang Yamin , Holland Thomas , Agarwal Puja , Aggarwal Neelum , Morris Martha Clare
Published: February 2020

Background

Depression is common in older adults and more prevalent in those with cognitive impairment, vascular risk factors, or stroke. Nonpharmacologic strategies to reduce depression, such as diet, may be effective; however, few studies have investigated the relation.

Methods

A total of 709 participants (23.3% men, mean age 80.4), from an observational prospective cohort study were assessed annually for an average of 6.53 years of follow-up. Participants with missing or invalid baseline dietary evaluations or fewer than two depression assessments were excluded. Depressive symptoms were assessed with a 10-item version of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale. High burden of depressive symptoms was defined as the presence of four or more depressive symptoms. Diet scores were computed using a validated food frequency questionnaire for the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet, Mediterranean diet, Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) diet, and Western diets. Diet scores were modeled in tertiles. A generalized estimating equation (GEE) model was performed for the longitudinal analysis of depression as a binary outcome.

Results

Participants in the highest tertile of the DASH (β = −0.10, confidence interval [CI]: −0.20, −0.0064) and MIND (β = −0.12, CI: −0.23, −0.0092) diet scores had lower rates of depressive symptoms over time when compared to those in the respective lowest tertiles. The Western diet was positively associated with depressive symptoms over time (β = 0.093, p-trend = .05).

Conclusions

Diet may be effective in reducing depressive symptoms in older adults. A diet intervention trial may be needed to determine the optimal nutritional components for prevention of late onset depression.
Adapting Strategies for Optimal Intervention Implementation in Nursing Homes: A Formative Evaluation
Authors: Pimentel Camilla B , Mills Whitney L , Snow Andrea Lynn , Palmer Jennifer A , Sullivan Jennifer L , Wewiorski Nancy J , Hartmann Christine W
Published: February 2020

Background and Objectives

Nursing homes pose unique challenges for implementation of research and quality improvement (QI). We previously demonstrated successful implementation of a nursing home-led intervention to improve relationships between frontline staff and residents in 6 U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Community Living Centers (CLCs). This article discusses early adaptations made to the intervention and its implementation to enhance frontline staff participation.

Research Design and Methods

This is a formative evaluation of intervention implementation at the first 2 participating CLCs. Formative evidence—including site visitors’ field notes, implementation facilitation records, and semistructured frontline staff interviews—were collected throughout the study period. Data analysis was informed by the Capability, Opportunity, Motivation, and Behavior model of behavior change.

Results

Adaptations were made to 5 a priori intervention implementation strategies: (a) training leaders, (b) training frontline staff, (c) adapting the intervention to meet local needs, (d) auditing and providing feedback, and (e) implementation facilitation. On the basis of a 6-month implementation period at the first CLC, we identified elements of the intervention and aspects of the implementation strategies that could be adapted to facilitate frontline staff participation at the second CLC.

Discussion and Implications

Incremental implementation, paired with ongoing formative evaluation, proved critical to enhancing capability, opportunity, and motivation among frontline staff. In elucidating what was required to initiate and sustain the nursing home-led intervention, we provide a blueprint for responding to emergent challenges when performing research and QI in the nursing home setting.
The SPOSIB SB2 Sicilian Cohort: Safety and Effectiveness of Infliximab Biosimilar SB2 in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Including Multiple Switches
Authors: Macaluso Fabio Salvatore , Fries Walter , Viola Anna , Centritto Andrea , Cappello Maria , Giuffrida Enrica , Privitera Antonino Carlo , Piccillo Giovita , Magnano Antonio , Vinci Elisa , Vassallo Roberto , Trovatello Antonino , Belluardo Nunzio , Giangreco Emiliano , Camilleri Salvatore , Garufi Serena , Bertolami Carmelo , Ventimiglia Marco , Renna Sara , Orlando Rosalba , Rizzuto Giulia , Orlando Ambrogio
Published: February 2020

Background

No data on the recently introduced infliximab (IFX) biosimilar SB2 in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are available.

Methods

The Sicilian Prospective Observational Study of Patients With IBD Treated With Infliximab Biosimilar SB2 is a multicenter, observational, prospective study performed among the cohort of the Sicilian Network for Inflammatory Bowel Disease. All consecutive IBD patients starting the IFX biosimilar SB2 from its introduction in Sicily (March 2018) to September 2019 (18 months) were enrolled.

Results

Two hundred seventy-six patients (Crohn disease: 49.3%, ulcerative colitis: 50.7%) were included: 127 (46.0%) were naïve to IFX and naïve to anti-tumor necrosis factor medications (anti-TNFs), 65 (23.5%) were naïve to IFX and previously exposed to anti-TNFs, 17 (6.2%) were switched from an IFX originator to SB2, 43 (15.6%) were switched from the biosimilar CT-P13 to SB2, and 24 (8.7%) were multiply switched (from IFX originator to CT-P13 to SB2). The cumulative number of infusions of SB2 was 1798, and the total follow-up time was 182.7 patient-years. Sixty-seven serious adverse events occurred in 57 patients (20.7%; incidence rate: 36.7 per 100 patient-year), and 31 of these events caused the withdrawal of the drug. The effectiveness after 8 weeks of treatment was evaluated in patients naïve to IFX (n = 192): 110 patients (57.3%) had steroid-free remission, while 56 patients had no response (29.2%). At the end of follow-up, 72 patients (26.1%) interrupted the treatment, without significant differences in treatment persistency estimations between the five groups (log-rank P = 0.15).

Conclusions

The safety and effectiveness of SB2 seem to be overall similar to those reported for the IFX originator and CT-P13.
Arsenic and Lead Determination in D&C Red No. 6 Lakes and D&C Red No. 7 Lakes Containing Barium Sulfate Using X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry
Authors: Hepp Nancy Morris
Published: February 2020

Background

Color additives requiring batch certification by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration have Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) specification limits for certain elements and are usually analyzed by x-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF). However, analysis of some color additives presents difficulties.

Objective

An XRF method was developed for quickly determining whether barium sulfate-containing color additives certifiable as D&C Red No. 6 lakes and D&C Red No. 7 lakes meet the CFR specifications for arsenic (As) and lead (Pb).

Method

Difficulties in preparing XRF standards and analyzing As and Pb in matrices with the heavy x-ray absorber barium (Ba) were overcome by first preparing As- and Pb-fortified cellulose, then blending color additive samples with fortified and unfortified cellulose to produce XRF calibration materials. Satisfactory compensation for changes in intensity caused by Ba absorption was achieved by measuring varying concentrations of As and Pb at several concentrations of Ba.

Results

Test samples of barium sulfate-containing D&C Red No. 6 lakes and D&C Red No. 7 lakes were analyzed by the XRF method and by an inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) method.

Conclusions

The ICP-MS method poses some difficulties and is time consuming. In contrast, the XRF method requires very little sample preparation, is nondestructive, uses calibrations that are stable for long periods of time, and offers acceptable determination limits (1 mg/kg As, 4 mg/kg Pb) which are less than the CFR specification limits (3 mg/kg As, 20 mg/kg Pb).

Highlights

The new XRF method is applicable for use in routine batch certification.
Recent Detection of Multiple Populations of the Tropical Bed Bug (Hemiptera: Cimicidae) Exhibiting kdr-Associated Mutations in Hawaii
Authors: Lewis Cari D , Levine Brenna A , Vargo Edward L , Schal Coby , Booth Warren
Published: February 2020

In recent years, bed bugs have experienced a remarkable resurgence on a near global scale. While reports have primarily focused on the common bed bug, Cimex lectularius (L.), which has resurged largely in temperate regions, in tropical regions the tropical bed bug, Cimex hemipterus (F.) (Hemiptera: Cimicidae), has reemerged as well. Recent reports of C. hemipterus introductions to subtropical and temperate regions, outside of the species natural distribution, suggest the potential for establishment and further spread. Establishment may be aided by insecticide resistance mechanisms, such as the presence of knockdown resistance (kdr)-associated mutations, which potentially confer resistance to pyrethroid, pyrethrin, and organochloride insecticides. Here, we present the first report of the detection and likely establishment of C. hemipterus in Honolulu, Hawaii, from samples collected in 2009 and 2019. Furthermore, through partial sequencing of the voltage-gated sodium channel, we report the presence of kdr-associated mutations in all samples. These findings have implications for the implementation of control strategies aimed at eradicating infestations.
Treatment of Hepatitis C Virus Infection in Marginalized Populations
Authors: Varghese Nibi , Knight Rodney , Gallagher Lesley , Ti Lianping
Published: February 2020

NPs should be given a more significant role in this effort.
New Antibiotic for Complicated UTIs
Authors: Aschenbrenner Diane S.
Published: February 2020

Cefiderocol (Fetroja) is a newly approved cephalosporin antibiotic for adults with complicated urinary tract infections, including pyelonephritis, caused by susceptible gram-negative microorganisms when there are limited or no alternative treatments.

A higher rate of all-cause mortality was seen in cefiderocol-treated patients compared with patients given other antibiotics in a clinical trial of critically ill patients with carbapenem-resistant gram-negative infections.
Mirror Therapy in the Management of Phantom Limb Pain
Authors: Yildirim Meltem , Sen Sevim
Published: February 2020

In this case study, we investigated the efficacy of mirror therapy and online counseling in the management of phantom limb pain. The patient was a 28-year-old woman who experienced phantom limb pain after a traumatic transhumeral amputation three and a half months before initiating therapy. After a 40-minute educational session with a nurse researcher experienced in pain management and surgical nursing, the patient practiced mirror therapy at home for four weeks and kept in contact with the nurse using a mobile chat application. The patient scored the intensity of her pain before and after each practice session on a 0-to-10 numeric pain scale. The first week was difficult for her because of tiredness and the pain. In the second week she experienced less pain during the day than at night but claimed to feel much better than before. In the fourth week, she reported having difficulty sleeping, but she stated that her pain had decreased. The intensity of the pain didn't change following mirror therapy in the first week; however, her average pain score was 1.15 points lower after mirror therapy in the second week (from 4.57 to 3.42), and 1.57 points lower in the third and fourth weeks (from 5.42 to 3.85 and 4.85 to 3.28). Online counseling for mirror therapy is easy, economical, and time-saving for patient and nurse alike. However, physical and physiological problems experienced during this process may reduce the effectiveness of the therapy, highlighting the importance of a multidisciplinary approach to phantom limb pain management, which may include care from a psychologist, massage therapist, physiotherapist, and specialist in alternative therapies for relaxation, in addition to the surgeon and the nurse.
The Community Guide: A Living Resource for Nursing Practice
Authors: Suzuki Laura K. , Edmonds Joyce K.
Published: February 2020

Evidence-based recommendations for preventive health.
Comparable Effectiveness of Common Antihypertensive Medications
Authors: Rosenberg Karen
Published: February 2020

According to this study:

A large-scale, multinational study shows that the four first-line drug classes used to initiate monotherapy for hypertension are generally comparable.

Thiazide and thiazide-like diuretics, however, had effectiveness and safety advantages over angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors.
Mind–Body Therapies can Improve Pain and Opioid-Related Outcomes
Authors: Rosenberg Karen
Published: February 2020

According to this study:

Mind–body therapies that prioritized the use in pain relief of mental techniques—such as meditation, hypnosis, guided imagery, relaxation, therapeutic suggestion, and cognitive behavioral therapy—are associated with reductions in pain and opioid dose.

These therapies may also have therapeutic benefits for opioid-related problems, such as cravings and misuse.
Waiting for Jerry
Authors: Bair Henry
Published: February 2020

A patient's mysterious (and infectious) hope gives her meaning and seems to bolster her strength.
Development and Validation of a Machine Learning Algorithm for Predicting Response to Anticholinergic Medications for Overactive Bladder Syndrome
Authors: Sheyn David , Ju Mingxuan , Zhang Sixiao , Anyaeche Caleb , Hijaz Adonis , Mangel Jeffrey , Mahajan Sangeeta , Conroy Britt , El-Nashar Sherif , Ray Soumya
Published: February 2020

(Abstracted from Obstet Gynecol 2019;134:946–957)

It has been estimated that overactive bladder (OAB) syndrome affects as many as 17.5 million women in the United States, including up to 30% of women older than 65 years. Up to 70% of OAB cases are considered idiopathic.
Medicaid and Medicare Payer Status Are Associated With Worse Surgical Outcomes in Gynecologic Oncology
Authors: Ahmad Tessnim R. , Chen Lee-May , Chapman Jocelyn S. , Chen Lee-Lynn
Published: February 2020

(Abstracted from Gynecol Oncol 2019;155:93–97)

Medicaid provides health insurance for Americans earning less than 133% of the federal poverty limit, amounting to approximately $35,000 for a family of 4, and covering approximately 1 in 5 Americans. Medicaid participants may have decreased access to care despite having insurance, as providers are less likely to accept Medicaid compared with private insurance.
The Influence of a Positive Empathetic Interaction on Conditioned Pain Modulation and Manipulation-induced Analgesia in People With Lateral Epicondylalgia
Authors: Muhsen Ahmad , Moss Penny , Gibson William , Walker Bruce , Jacques Angela , Schug Stephan , Wright Anthony
Published: February 2020

Objective:

Conditioned pain modulation (CPM) and manipulation-induced analgesia (MIA) are 2 forms of endogenous analgesia. Many forms of analgesia can be influenced by the nature of the patient-clinician interaction. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of an empathetic and supportive interaction on CPM and MIA in people with lateral epicondylalgia (LE).

Material and Methods:

In a double-blind, randomized, controlled trial, 68 participants with LE were assigned to 2 groups: the empathetic and neutral interaction groups. The interactions were carried out by a trained, professional role-play actor, playing the part of a research assistant. The research assistant actor spent 15 minutes before CPM and MIA assessment interacting with the participants in an empathetic or neutral manner. Immediately after the interaction, a blinded assessor measured pressure pain threshold at the symptomatic elbow and ipsilateral wrist during CPM and MIA testing. Linear mixed models were used to evaluate differences in CPM and MIA responses between the interaction groups.

Results:

There was a significant difference in Consultation and Relational Empathy scores between the groups (P<0.001), indicating that the intervention group experienced a more empathic interaction. Both groups showed a significant increase in pressure pain threshold measures, indicative of a CPM and MIA analgesic response (P<0.001), however, the analgesic responses were greater in the group that had experienced a supportive, empathetic interaction (post CPM, wrist: P<0.001; elbow: P=0.001) (post MIA wrist: P<0.001; elbow: P=0.001).

Discussion:

A single session of empathetic interaction positively influenced both CPM and MIA responses in people with LE.
Salpingectomy at the Time of Cesarean Delivery
Authors: Roeckner Jared T. , Sawangkum Peeraya , Sanchez-Ramos Luis , Duncan Jose R.
Published: February 2020

OBJECTIVE:

To compare the differences in operative time and surgical outcomes between salpingectomy and standard tubal interruption at the time of cesarean delivery.

DATA SOURCES:

PubMed, Medline, Google Scholar, Cochrane, and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched from inception until July 2019 for articles reporting outcomes for women undergoing salpingectomy during cesarean delivery compared with women undergoing standard sterilization methods.

METHODS OF STUDY SELECTION:

Studies were selected if they included the main outcome of operative time or additional outcomes, which included infection, transfusion, readmission, change in hematocrit, and estimated blood loss. The Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment scale or Cochrane Handbook were used to assess quality of cohort and randomized controlled trials (RCTs), respectively. A random-effects model was employed to calculate pooled relative risk or weighted mean difference for each outcome with their 95% CI. Heterogeneity was assessed using the I2 statistic, and L'Abbé plots were inspected visually to assess for homogeneity.

TABULATION, INTEGRATION, AND RESULTS:

We identified 11 studies comprising 320,443 women undergoing total salpingectomy or standard sterilization methods at the time of cesarean delivery. Three RCTs and eight retrospective cohort studies were investigated separately by meta-analysis. When compared with standard sterilization methods, total operative time for patients receiving salpingectomy was significantly longer (6.3 minutes, 95% CI 3.5–9.1, seven studies, 7,303 patients) for cohort studies. With the three RCTs of 163 patients, total operative time was not significantly increased in women receiving salpingectomy (8.1 minutes, 95% CI −4.4 to 20.7). The salpingectomy group did not have an increased risk of wound infection, transfusion, readmission, reoperation, internal organ damage, blood loss, change in hemoglobin, or length of stay when compared with standard sterilization methods.

CONCLUSION:

Salpingectomy at the time of cesarean delivery was associated with a small increase in operative time; however, it was not associated with an increased rate of surgical complications. This option should be considered for patients desiring sterilization during cesarean delivery.

SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION:

PROSPERO, CRD42019145247.
Feasibility of Proxy-Reported EQ-5D-3L-Y and Its Agreement in Self-reported EQ-5D-3L-Y for Patients With Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis
Authors: Lin Jiaer , Wong Carlos King Ho , Cheung Prudence Wing Hang , Luo Nan , Cheung Jason Pui Yin
Published: February 2020

Study Design.

Prospective cohort study.

Objective.

To compare feasibility of self-reported and proxy-reported youth version of EuroQoL Five-Dimension Three-Level Questionnaire (EQ-5D-3L-Y), to estimate the agreement of health outcome between patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) and their proxies, and to examine factors that may affect patient-proxy agreement.

Summary of Background Data.

The EQ-5D-3L-Y questionnaire has both self-reported and proxy-reported versions. Despite previous studies have indicated that proxies tended to respond with higher or lower levels of severity in specific dimensions than patients report, the level of agreement between children with AIS and their proxies remained unknown.

Methods.

A consecutive sample of patients with AIS and their caregivers were recruited. Feasibility was tested according to the proportion of missing responses. Agreements between self-report and proxy EQ-5D-3L-Y were evaluated using percentage agreement, Gwet agreement coefficients and the intraclass correlation coefficients. Linear regressions and logistic regressions were conducted to assess the factors associated with the agreement in health outcome between self-reported and proxy-reported EQ-5D-3L-Y.

Results.

A total of 130 patient-proxy pairs were involved in the study. Agreement of EQ-5D-3L-Y responses between the self-report and proxy version was good for “Feeling worried/sad/unhappy” dimension, and very good for other dimensions. Poor agreement in visual analog scale score was observed between patient and proxy versions. Proxy's education level, patient's curvature type, and treatment modality were the significant determinants of the agreement in “Mobility,” “usual activities,” and “pain/discomfort” dimension, respectively.

Conclusion.

Proxy-reported EQ-5D-3L-Y demonstrates good feasibility and satisfactory agreement with patient version. Proxy's education appears to have positive influence in agreement between patient-proxy dyads.

Level of Evidence: 2