bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evidence on Mortality in Liver Transplantation Candidates: Integrative Literature Review
Authors: Moreno Stephani Emanuelly Marinho , Marques Daniella Maia , Prochnon Nathalia Piccoli , Galvão Cristina Maria , Mendes Karina Dal Sasso
Published: June 2022

Abstract: The objective of this paper was to analyze the evidence available in the literature about mortality and its risk factors in liver transplantation candidates. An integrative literature review was carried out, based on the following steps: elaboration of the research question, search in the literature of primary studies, data extraction, studies evaluation, analysis and synthesis of the results, and review presentation. The Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature (LILACS), National Library of Medicine and the National Institutes of Health (PubMed), and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) databases were accessed for the search. Primary studies that portrayed the liver transplantation candidates’ mortality, published in English, Portuguese, and Spanish, over the last five years were included. Among the eight studies analyzed, it was observed that the risk factors associated with mortality and identified in more than one study were: encephalopathy (n = 3; 37.5%), model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) (n = 3; 37.5%), frailty (n = 3; 37.5%), body mass index (n = 2; 25%), hepatocellular carcinoma (n = 2; 25%), sex (women) (n = 2; 25%), and ascites (n = 2; 25%). It is expected that the synthesis of evidence supports the planning of the intervention aimed at prioritizing care for patients at higher risk of death, contributing to the quality of health care in liver transplantation.
Evidencias Sobre Mortalidad en Candidatos a Trasplante Hepático: Revisión Integradora de la Bibliografía
Authors: Moreno Stephani Emanuelly Marinho , Marques Daniella Maia , Prochnon Nathalia Piccoli , Galvão Cristina Maria , Mendes Karina Dal Sasso
Published: June 2022

Resumen: El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar la evidencia disponible en la bibliografía sobre la mortalidad y sus factores de riesgo en candidatos a trasplante hepático. Se realizó una revisión integradora de la bibliografía, basada en los siguientes pasos: elaboración de la pregunta de investigación, búsqueda en la bibliografía de los estudios primarios, extracción de datos, evaluación de los estudios, análisis y síntesis de los resultados y presentación de la revisión. Se accedió a las bases de datos Bibliografía Latinoamericana y del Caribe en Ciencias de la Salud (LILACS), la Biblioteca Nacional de Medicina y los Institutos Nacionales de Salud (PubMed) y el Índice Acumulativo de Bibliografía de Enfermería y Afines a la Salud (CINAHL) para la búsqueda. Se incluyeron estudios primarios que retrataron la mortalidad de los candidatos a trasplante hepático, publicados en inglés, portugués y español, durante los últimos cinco años. Entre los ocho estudios analizados, se observó que los factores de riesgo asociados a la mortalidad e identificados en más de un estudio fueron: encefalopatía (n = 3; 37,5 %), modelo para enfermedad hepática terminal (MELD) (n = 3; 37,5 %), fragilidad (n = 3; 37,5 %), índice de masa corporal (n = 2; 25 %), carcinoma hepatocelular (n = 2; 25 %), sexo (mujeres) (n = 2; 25 %), y ascitis (n = 2; 25%). Se espera que la síntesis de evidencia apoye la planificación de la intervención dirigida a priorizar la atención a los pacientes con mayor riesgo de muerte, contribuyendo a la calidad de la atención en salud en el trasplante hepático.
Evidências sobre Mortalidade em Candidatos a Transplante de Fígado: Revisão Integrativa da Literatura
Authors: Moreno Stephani Emanuelly Marinho , Marques Daniella Maia , Prochnon Nathalia Piccoli , Galvão Cristina Maria , Mendes Karina Dal Sasso
Published: June 2022

O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar as evidências disponíveis na literatura sobre mortalidade e seus fatores de risco em candidatos a transplante de fígado. Foi realizada uma revisão integrativa da literatura, baseada nas seguintes etapas: elaboração da questão da pesquisa, busca na literatura de estudos primários, extração de dados, avaliação dos estudos, análise e síntese dos resultados, e apresentação da revisão. As bases de dados da Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), da Biblioteca Nacional de Medicina e dos Institutos Nacionais de Saúde (PubMed) e do Índice Cumulativo de Enfermagem e Literatura Aliada em Saúde (CINAHL) foram acessadas para a pesquisa. Foram incluídos estudos primários que retrataram a mortalidade dos candidatos a transplante hepático, publicados em inglês, português e espanhol, durante os últimos cinco anos. Entre os oito estudos analisados, observou-se que os fatores de risco associados à mortalidade e identificados em mais de um estudo foram: encefalopatia (n=3; 37,5%), modelo para doença hepática em estágio terminal (MELD) (n=3; 37,5%), fragilidade (n=3; 37,5%), índice de massa corporal (n=2; 25%), carcinoma hepatocelular (n=2; 25%), sexo (mulheres) (n=2; 25%) e ascite (n=2; 25%). Espera-se que a síntese das evidências apoie o planejamento de intervenções visando priorizar o atendimento aos pacientes com maior risco de morte, contribuindo para a qualidade dos cuidados de saúde no transplante de fígado.
Evaluation of the Pharmacotherapy Complexity Index in Patients of a Renal Transplant Clinic
Authors: Galato Dayani , Simões Isabela Godoy , Soares Letícia Santana da Silva
Published: June 2022

Abstract:Objective: To evaluate the complexity of pharmacotherapy of kidney transplant patients in an outpatient clinic in the Brazilian Central-West region. Methods: This is a study that respects a descriptive cross-sectional design to evaluate the complexity index of pharmacological treatment through the documentary analysis of medical records. To calculate this index, the patient’s continuous use medications were considered, and the Pharmacotherapy Complexity Index (PCI) was adopted. To determine the PCI classification ranges, analysis of a larger group of patients (significant sample) was performed, and the quartiles of the PCI results were adopted. A pilot sample was used to describe the influence of drugs on PCI. Results: A total of 247 patients were included in the study to define the strata of treatment complexity. The PCI in the sample ranged from 10 to 83.5, and, by quartile analysis, up to 22.5 was considered low complexity, between 22.6 and 27.0 medium complexity, between 27.1 and 36.0 high complexity, and above 36.1 very high complexity. The case study for the PCI evaluation occurred with 20 patients and demonstrated that the complexity is not defined by the immunosuppressive treatment, but by the drugs used for the underlying diseases or the health problems arising from age and immunosuppression (comorbidities). Diabetes mellitus appears as the disease that contributes the most to complexity through the use of insulins. Conclusion: Patients with a higher number of drug doses and with conditions dependent on insulin therapy associated with immunosuppressive pharmacotherapy are the most complex and demand greater need for follow-up because of the difficulties faced in treatment.
Evaluación del Índice de Complejidad de la Farmacoterapia en Pacientes de un Ambulatorio de Transplante Renal
Authors: Galato Dayani , Simões Isabela Godoy , Soares Letícia Santana da Silva
Published: June 2022

Resumen:Objetivo: Evaluar la complejidad de la farmacoterapia de pacientes transplantados renales de un ambulatorio del Centro-Oeste. Métodos: Se trata de un estudio que respeta un diseño transversal descriptivo de evaluación del índice de complejidad del tratamiento farmacológico por medio del análisis documental de los prontuarios. Para el cálculo de este índice, fueron considerados los medicamentos de uso continuo del paciente, siendo adoptado el índice de complejidad de la farmacoterapia (ICFT). Para determinar los rangos de clasificación del ICFT, fue realizado un análisis de un grupo mayor de pacientes (muestra significativa), siendo adoptados para eso los cuartiles de los resultados del ICFT. Para la descripción de la influencia de los medicamentos sobre el ICFT, fue adoptada una muestra piloto. Resultados: Fueron incluidos 247 pacientes en el estudio para la definición de los estratos de complejidad del tratamiento. El ICFT en la muestra varió de 10 a 83,5, y, por el análisis de los cuartiles, hasta 22,5 fue considerado de baja complejidad, entre 22,6 y 27 de media complejidad, entre 27,1 y 36 de alta complejidad y arriba de 36,1 de muy alta complejidad. El estudio de casos para la evaluación del ICFT ocurrió con 20 pacientes (estudio de casos) y demostró que la complejidad no es definida por el tratamiento inmunosupresor, sino por los medicamentos usados para las enfermedades de base o los problemas de salud provenientes de la edad y de la inmunosupresión (comorbilidades). La diabetes mellitus aparece como enfermedad que más contribuye para la complejidad por medio del uso de las insulinas. Conclusión: Pacientes con mayor número de dosis de medicamentos y con cuadros dependientes de insulinoterapia asociada a la farmacoterapia inmunosupresora son los de mayor complejidad y demandan mayor necesidad de seguimiento por las dificultades enfrentadas en el tratamiento.
Analisis Kadar Natrium Benzoat Pada Bumbu Dapur yang Diperjualbelikan Di Kota Makassar
Authors: Rustiah Waode , Rasyid Nur Qadri , Ishak A. Nur Afni
Published: June 2022

Bumbu dapur instan adalah campuran dari berbagai macam bumbu rempah yang diolah dan diproses dengan komposisi tertentu. Penggunaan pengawet natrium benzoat pada bumbu dapur instan dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri dan jamur. Penggunaan pengawet natrium benzoat secara berlebihan dapat menyebabkan endema (bengkak), keram perut, rasa kebas di mulut, dan dalam jangka panjang menimbulkan penyakit kanker, serta dapat merusak sistem syaraf. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui kadar natrium benzoat pada bumbu dapur yang diperjualbelikan di kota Makassar. Jenis penelitian yaitu observasi laboratorik, sampel diambil sebanyak 10 dan masing-masing dianalisis dengan menggunakan alat Spektrofotometer UV-Vis pada panjanggelombang 275 nm. Hasil pengukuran terhadap 10 sampel menunjukkan kadar natrium benzoat pada sampel B1 110.95 mg/kg, sampel B2 320.97 mg/kg, sampel B3 98.91 mg/kg, sampel B4 160.07 mg/kg, sampel B5 483.96 mg/kg, sampel B6 865.41 mg/kg, sampel B7 527.58 mg/kg, sampel B8 213.59 mg/kg, sampel B9 253.90 mg/kg, sampel B10 86.59 mg/kg. Pada sampel B6 kadar natrium benzoatnya sebesar 865.41 mg/kg. Kadar ini melebihi ambang batas yang ditetapkan oleh BPOM No. 36 tahun 2013 yaitu 600 mg/kg, maka sampel tersebut dinyatakan tidak layak untuk dikonsumsi.
Analisis Kadar Asam Salisilat Pada Krim Anti Jerawat yang Diperjualbelikan Di Kota Makassar
Authors: Wati Rahma , Irwan P. Andi Yunita , Nurhidayat Nurhidayat , Haerunisya Andi Haldin
Published: June 2022

Krim anti jerawat banyak diminati khususnya bagi manusia yang mengalami masalah jerawat. Pada krim anti jerawat, salah satu senyawa yang sering ditambahkan untuk mencapai efek yang diinginkan yaitu senyawa asam salisilat, yang bekerja sebagai zat keratolitik, anti inflamasi, analgesik, bakteriostatik, serta fungistatik. Menurut Peraturan Kepala Badan Pengawas Obat dan Makanan Republik Indonesia No. HK.00.05.42.1018 Tahun 2010 tentang kosmetik, asam salisilat diperbolehkan jika tidak melebihi 2%. Asam salisilat bekerja dengan meningkatkan kelembapan kulit dan mendorong proses pengangkatan sel kulit mati. Dalam pengobatan jerawat, asam salisilat bekerja dengan mengurangi peradangan (pembengkakan dan kemerahan) dan membersihkan pori-pori yang tersumbat. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis kadar asam salisilat pada krim anti jerawat yang tidak terdaftar di BPOM yang diperjualbelikan di Kota Makassar dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian kualitatif dengan metode Uji warna didapatkan 2 sampel positif dari 5 sampel. Pada uji kuantitatif dengan metode spektrofotometri didapatkan hasil kadar asam salisilat pada sampel A yaitu 1,2083% dan sampel B yaitu 61,875%.
Efisiensi Penggunaan Tempat Tidur di Ruang Rawat Inap: Studi Kasus Rumah Sakit Santa Elisabeth Medan
Authors: Simbolon Pomarida , Ginting Arjuna , Boris Jev , Hutauruk Adrian Martin , Anthonyus Anthonyus
Published: June 2022

One of the indicators that must be considered by hospitals to improve hospital services is the efficiency of inpatient services, especially in the use of beds. In monitoring the efficiency level of bed use in the treatment room, it can be seen from the Barber Johnson chart based on the calculation results of Bed Occupancy Ratio (BOR), Average Length Of Stay (AvLOS), Internal Turn Over (TOI), Bed Turn Over (BTO). Santa Elisabeth Hospital Medan has 250 beds in inpatient rooms and 696 patients in September 2021. The purpose of this study was to determine the efficiency of bed use in inpatient rooms based on Barber Johnson charts. This type of research is descriptive. The subject of the study was the daily inpatient census recapitulation at the Santa Elisabeth Hospital Medan in September 2021. The informant was one medical record officer in the reporting section. The study was conducted in November 2021. Data collection used observation techniques. The results showed that the calculation of BOR in September 2021 was 42.20%, LOS was 5.69 days, TOI was 7.27 days and BTO was 2.34 times. The values ??of LOS BOR, TOI and BTO are not ideal because they do not meet the standards due to the small number of patients. It is recommended to the medical record officer at Santa Elisabeth Hospital Medan to pay attention to the formula used in calculating the BOR, AvLOS, TOI and BTO values ??and to make a Barber Johnson chart regularly every year so as to increase the efficiency and effectiveness of the use of beds in the inpatient room and as a planning strategy for the following year.
PENGUATAN IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN HUKUM PIDANA TERHADAP LEGALITAS ABORTUS PROVOCATUS DI KOTA MATARAM
Authors: Nuasa I Ketut
Published: June 2022

Abortus provocatus selalu menjadi hal yang menarik untuk diperbincangkan dari segi hukum, hal ini dikarenakan adanya pertentangan-pertentangan antara KUHP dan Undang-Undang Nomor 36 Tahun 2009 Tentang Kesehatan. Pertentangan tersebut dapat dilihat dari Pasal 299, Pasal 346 hingga Pasal 349 KUHP yang mengatur dan melarang secara tegas abortus provocatus demgam alasan apapun, sedangkan dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 36 Tahun 2009 Tentang Kesehatan memperbolehkan melakukan abotus provocatus dengan alasan indikasi kedaruratan medis dan korban perkosaan

Berdasarkan latar belakang masalah di atas, maka adapun rumusan masalah, yakni: (1) Pengaturan legalitas abortus provocatus menurut hukum di Indonesia dibedah dengan menggunakan teori kebijakan hukum pidana; (2) Pengaturan mengenai legalitas  abortus provocatus apabila dikaitkan dengan hak asasi manusia yang dibedah dengan menggunakan teori kebijakan hukum pidana dan teori perlindungan hukum. Sumber bahan hukum primer yang digunakan berasal dari norma, kaidah dasar dan peraturan yang berkaitan dan yang bersifat mengikat terkait dengan pengaturan abortus provocatus. Sumber bahan hukum sekunder berasal dari beberapa literatur/pustaka dan penelitian-penelitidan sebelumnya serta sumber bahan hukum tersier yang berasal kamus hukum dan encyclopedia hukum. Pengumpulan bahan hukum dilakukan dengan teknik kepustakaan (study document). Dalam mengolah dan menganalisis bahan hukum dilakukan dengan teknik deskripsi dan argumentasi, yaitu menghubungkan dengan teori-teori dan literatur yang berkaitan dengan permasalahan kemudian melakukan penafsiran, sehingga dapat ditarik kesimpulan dalam bentuk argumentasi hukum untuk mendapatkan hasil yang akurat. Pengaturan tentang abortus provocatus di Indonesia dapat dilihat dalam KUHP yang digolongkan dalam kejahatan terhadap nyawa.  Undang-Undang Nomor 36 Tahun 2009 Tentang Kesehatan memperbolehkan abortus provocatus dengan alasan indikasi kedaruratan medis dan akibat perkosaan, sedangkan hukum agama secara tegas melarang abortus provocatus karena tidak sesuai dengan hak-hak hidup manusia. Abortus provocatus menjadi salah satu aspek yang menyangkut hak janin untuk hidup dan hak reproduksi wanita.
PERJANJIAN PINJAM MEMINJAM DALAM PERSPEKTIF HUKUM HINDU
Authors: Wisudawan I Gusti Agung
Published: June 2022

Perjanjian pinjam meminjam bukanlah hal yang baru dalam dunia bisnis, perjanjian jenis ini muncul karena adanya kebutuhan masyarakat. Tidak semua orang mengetahui secara lebih spesifik perjanjian pinjam meminjam dalam perspektif hukum hindu bahkan dilakangan umat hindu sekali pun, ternyata perjanjian pinjam meminjam atau yang lebih dikenal dengan istilah perjanjian hutang piutang telah diatur di dalam Kitab Manawa Dharmasastra (Manu Dharmasastra) dan Artha Sastra yang ditulis oleh Kautilya (Canakya), sehingga dalam jurnal ilmiah ini akan diuraikan tentang Perjanjian Pinjam Meminjam Dalam Perspektif Hukum Hindu.  Adapun jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Normatif dengan pendekatan Perundang-undangan (Statute Approach), Pendekatan Konseptual (Conceptual Approach). Penelitian ini juga menggunakan Bahan Hukum yang terdiri atas Bahan Hukum Primer yaitu bahan hukum berupa KUH Perdata dan Manava Dharmasastra (Manu Dharmasastra) atau Veda Smrti  (Compedium Hukum Hindu), Artha Sastra dan KUH Perdata. Bahan Hukum Skunder yaitu literatur dan Artikel ilmiah yang berkaitan dengan permasalahan yang diangkat dalam penelitian ini dan Bahan Hukum Tersier terdiri atas kamus hukum dan ensiklopedi. Tehnik pengumpulan bahan hukum yang dipergunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah  Studi Dokumentasi dengan Analisis Bahan Hukum yaitu Analisis Deskriftif Kualitatif.
ASPEK HUKUM PELAKSANAAN VAKSINASI CORONA VIRUS-19 DI INDONESIA
Authors: Ratnadewi Ni Nyoman Ernita , Lukman Dwi Ratna Kamala Sari , Diani Ni Wayan Sri Diani , Negara Indah Supbrawati Kusuma
Published: June 2022

Virus corona merupakan varian virus yang memiliki kemampuan penyebaran yang sangat cepat sehingga oleh WHO menyatakan kasus virus corona sebagai pandemi. Pemerintah Indonesia telah melakukan berbagai mavam upaya guna menanggulangi penyebaran terhadap virus ini, misalnya dengan mengeluarkan berbagai peraturan dan kebijakan-kebijakan. Salah satunya adalah terkait kebijakan pelaksanaan vaksinasi corona virus-19. Permasalahan yang menarik disini adalah tentang bagaimanakah aspek hukum pelaksanaan proses vaksinasi corona virus-19. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum normatif dengan metode pendekatan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan kasus kemudian pengumpulan bahan hukum dilakukan melalui studi kepustakaan dengan menganalisis bahan hukum dengan cara deskriptif kulaitatif. Aspek Hukum terhadao pelaksanaan vaksinasi corona virus-19 di Indonesia masih belum bisa dikatakan sempurna, hal ini dikarenakan pelaksanaan vaksinasi belum mencakup semua aspek yang dibutuhkan oleh masyarakat terutama terkait sanksi jika tidak mengikuti vaksinasi dan jaminan perlindungan pasca vaksinasi dilaksanakan. Sehingga sebagian anggota masyarakat masih ragu mengikuti program vaksinasi covid-19 yang diprogramkan oleh pemerintah.
AJARAN SAMKHYA YOGA DALAM BHAGAVAD GITA
Authors: Nerawati Ni Gusti Ayu Agung , Indah Sari Ni Luh Komang
Published: June 2022

Bhagavadgita. The teachings of this samkhya provide different understandings ofpurusa and prakerti which are different, but integrated with one another. In the essenceof the Bhagavadgita which describes the philosophy of life in which every human beingwill leave or experience liberation from worldly life. So that humans must accept thechallenge between life and death and dare not to feel afraid to fight the situation becausein this world only a puppet player who is moved by the hand of God. The purpose of thisstudy is to obtain the values contained in the teachings of samkhya yoga because thisteaching is not very easy to understand and deepen understanding in order to be able tounderstand and understand the purpose of the teachings. Thus, the teachings of samkhyaprovide humans with an extraordinary understanding of life for this journey, because thislife is like a cycle of birth and death, above, below and in the middle. Therefore, the lifeof this universe no one knows how the next life will be.
Direction Prediction of Traffic Flow in Vissim Simulation Based on K Nearest Neighbor Algorithm
Authors: Geng Fuchao , Ren Yufan
Published: June 2022

In order to make short-term prediction of the direction of traffic flow in urban roads, a short-term prediction method of urban road travel time based on K nearest neighbor algorithm and vissim simulation is constructed. First, the intersection of Shiji Road and Yingbin Road was selected as the survey site, and the number of vehicles in each direction of each entrance lane of the intersection was investigated using manual counting, and the signal timing of each phase of the intersection was investigated. Input the survey data into the vissim simulation software to get the travel time of each entrance lane in each direction. Then build a vissim simulation traffic flow direction prediction model based on the KNN algorithm, including the construction of feature vectors, cross-validation methods to determine K values, and local estimation methods. The experimental results show that the average relative error between the predicted traffic flow direction and the actual traffic flow direction tends to 0.27. Due to the small amount of data, the prediction result is more accurate.
Films as a Medium of Politics: Haider - Representation of Kashmir Politics in Shakespearean Tragedy
Authors:   Department of Politics and Governance, Central University of Kashmir Ganderbal, India., Hassan Dr. Khalid Wasim
Published: June 2022

Films are an important medium for the portrayal and representation of politics. Kashmir, known for its natural beauty, became an essential destiny for Bollywood films. Many films were made in the 1960s with Kashmiri protagonists. Most of the films made in the 1960s era were apolitical, but in the post-1990s period, the films made on Kashmir reflected on the politics too. One of the films on Kashmir and its post-1990s is Haider, based on the Shakespearean play - Hamlet. This film was acclaimed by film critics as the bold job by the director to adopt the Shakespeare play in the context of Kashmir. This paper will analyze the story, dialogues, characters, and cinematography of the Film- Haider and explore how much it represents the politics of the 1990s in Kashmir. Using the content analysis approach, this paper will explore the relationship between the plot in the Shakespearean play and the political context of Kashmir.
Paediatric Supraorbital Mass: A Case of Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis
Authors: Chee Min Lim
Published: June 2022

This is a case of 2-year-old boy who presented with painless right supraorbital swelling for 2 weeks. He had history of left humerus fracture and multiple scalp swelling. Examination revealed a hard, non-tender mass over right upper eye lid with downward placement of eye globe and limitation of extraocular muscle movement upon upward gaze. Systemic examination was unremarkable. MRI brain and orbit showed avid enhancing mass arising from right orbital roof. Histopathological examination of left humerus trucut biopsy revealed focal aggregation of histiocytes with scattered eosinophils. The diagnosis of LCH was further confirmed by positive CD1a and S100 protein staining on immunohistochemical studies. He was referred to oncology department for initiation of chemotherapy. Significant improvement was seen after the first cycle of chemotherapy. Keywords: Langerhans cell histiocytosis, supraorbital swelling
Transgender in Silappathikaram
Authors: K Iyyappan
Published: June 2022

Silappathikaram is the first Tamil epic. In this epic that is written by Ilangovadikal, there are records of transgender people living on the margins of society. As Tolkappiyar has recorded transgender people as masculinity challenged, Ilangovadikal too referred transgender as masculinity challenged. Silappathikaram talks about ‘Pedik Koothu (folk play)’ which can only be played by transgender people. Madurapathi, the deity of the Pandyas, one of the three crowned Kings, is understood to be in the bisexual transgender form. Silappathikaram beautifully captures the transcendental imagery of transgender people. It also records that transgender people worked as maids in the harem for Venmaal, the wife and queen of Senkuttuvan. Besides, Silappathikaram registers transgender people as trustworthy. Furthermore, worshiping them in the form of deities and through recording their images, it is clear that the society of the day regarded transgender people as equals without distinction.
A study of the Somaskanda Murtham in the Hindu cultural tradition
Authors: A Viyasan
Published: June 2022

Semaskanda Murtham is a form of expression of elements of the Hindu cultural tradition such as religion, art, science, philosophy and faith. The sages who are special to Lord Shiva are one of the three sages Somaskanda Murtham is one of the sixty-four Shiva deities worshiped by vegetarians. This study is titled Somaskanda Murtham a Study in the Hindu Cultural Tradition, with the aim of highlighting the importance of Somaskanda Murtham in the Hindu Cultural Tradition. This study is carried out with the aim of exploring the theory. Somaskanda Moortham Historical and theoretical ideas have been the basis of this study since antiquity. This study forms a descriptive study. Performed with analysis, comparison and historical analysis when appropriate. This study clarifies the philosophy of Somaskandar Murtham, Somaskandar Murtham in literature, Somaskandar Murtham in Agama, Somaskanda Murtha portrait structure, Somaskanda sculptures. It is hoped that such research and their findings will help to illustrate the present and future generations.
Biological virtue embodied in Mayuram Munsif Vedanayakar's book of justice
Authors: M Kayalvizhy
Published: June 2022

Morality is one of the fundamentals of human life. It is this morality that separates man and animals. When an individual is ethical, the society and country that are dependent to him become moral. But human beings do not follow the moral code at all times and in all circumstances. Murder, robbery, rape, alcohol, prostitution, lying, and fraud have been indelibly imprinted on mankind since time immemorial. Our forefathers have long sought to make man aware of their evils and to bring him to the right path. In that sense Munseep Mayuram Vedanayakam Pillai (1826-1889 AD) wrote a book of justice, that was a magnificent book that taught the Tamils the morals of human life. He is the celebrated son of Goddess Tamil. He was the great person who introduced new literary techniques in the world of Tamil literature after the arrival of the British. Until today, it seems that whole-hearted recognition has not been bestowed for the contributions he has made Goddess Tamil. The reason for this is still not understood till today. The book of justice written by that great person with social concern is a wonderful book that teaches the Tamils, social morals, virtues and well-being. This article explores the virtues of human life that it embodies.
SİNGLE CENTER EXPERİENCE WİTH CARDİAC DEVİCE INFECTİON: IMPORTANCE OF PERİPROCEDURAL PRECAUTİONS
Authors: z Ersin , n Burcu , lger Dilek
Published: June 2022

OBJECTİVE
Cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIED) have been increasingly used in recent years; consequently there has been an increment in device-related complications. The rates of CIED infection vary widely in the literature therefore we need more standardizations on our laboratories.
In this study, we aimed to give a suggestion to the centers which can implant cardiac devices about the perioperative measures and to reinforce the role of perioperative measures in preventing cardiac device infection.
MATHERİALS and METHODS
This single-center study was carried out in the Cardiology Clinic of the 29 Mayıs State Hospital, Ankara City, Turkey from November 1, 2019 to June 30, 2020. In the retrospective review, the demographic data, medical diagnoses, operation details, echocardiographic findings, anticoagulant/ antiaggregant usement and complications (Table 1), laboratory findings and comorbidities (Table 2) of the patients were examined. No distinction was made between device types. 90-day and 30-day retrospective screenings were performed. Patients were called for control visits at 1-week and 1-month following the procedure. 3-month checks were made over telecommunication methods.
RESULTS
169 people were enrolled in the study. 60(35,5) patients were admitted from the emergency department. A pacemaker was implanted in 60 patients, an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) in 79 patients, and a Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy (CRT) in 30 patients. CIED implantation was performed for the first time in 114 patients, battery replacement in 41 patients and lead implantation and battery replacement in 13 patients. Aesthetic sutures were applied in 93.4% of the patients, and matrix sutures were applied to the others. Subcutaneous sutures of all patients were closed with continuous sutures. In the analysis performed by excluding battery replacements, the procedure time of patients with CRT implantation was significantly longer (p <0.001). However, no statistical difference was found in infection rates. Battery pocket hematoma was observed in 4 patients and suspected battery pocket infection in 1 patient.
CONCLUSİON
We think that low rate of CIED infection in our clinic is a result of strict periprocedural measures and collaborating with infectious diseases.
Muscle Density Analysis in COVID-19
Authors: Bozdag Pinar , Baykara Murat , Tas Nevsun
Published: June 2022

Objective: Coronavirus-2019 (COVID-19) was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization, continues to spread globally, and patients may not exhibit specific musculoskeletal involvement symptoms.
Materials and Methods: Clinical data and images of 389 consecutive patients, who applied to the pandemic outpatient clinic with a COVID-19 pre-diagnosis with musculoskeletal complaints, and 203 consecutive control patients who underwent thoracic computed tomography (CT) for an unrelated reason and diagnosed as normal were included in the study.
Bilateral sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscle CT density and blood creatine kinase (CK) levels of all participants were obtained.
Results: In COVID-19 patients, a significant decrease in sternocleidomastoid muscle density was observed when compared to radiological grade; however, a significant increase in the density of the trapezius muscle was identified. In CK values, there was a significant increase in trapezius density.
Conclusion: Although the cause or effect was controversial, respiratory muscles were affected due to forced breathing and muscle damages were determined.
This study demonstrated the need for multicenter studies with detailed neurological and electrophysiological tests and pathological correlations with an adequate number of patients.
The Efficacy of Inferior Vena Cava Diameter, Perfusion Index and Pleth Variability Index on Predicting Hypotension in Spinal Anesthesia
Authors: z Tolga , lu Hilal , n Beng , Okyay Rah , kosman Gamze , ztoprak H , kin zcan
Published: June 2022

Objective: One of the most common side effects of spinal anesthesia (SA) is hypotension. The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacay of inferior vena cava (IVC) diameter measurements, perfusion index (PI) and pleth variability index (PVI) values in determining the risk of developing hypotension after SA.
Materials and Methods: This study was conducted on 81 patients who underwent transurethral prostatectomy. Before administration of SA, PI and PVI values, IVC diameters (IVCmin: during inspiration and IVCmax: during expiration) and IVC collapsibility index (IVCCI) values and non-invasive blood pressure were recorded. Patients with a baseline systolic arterial pressure reduction rate of ≥25% were determined as the group developing hypotension. IVC diameter measurements were measured immediately after SA then 5 min, and at the end of the operation. The heart rate, mean arterial pressure, PI and PVI values were recorded at regular intervals.
Results: Hypotension occured in 32 patients (39.5%). In the hypotensive group, IVCmax and IVCmin values were observed lower and IVCCI values higher. The optimal threshold value of IVCmin was ≤0.99 and threshold value of IVCCI was >%44.5 for predicting hypotension after SA.
Conclusion: While IVCmin and IVCCI values were effective in determining hypotension risk after SA, PI and PVI values were not. To predict hypotension by IVC diameter measurements after SA will allow a more effective intervention and avoid hypotension.
Comparison of self-expanding metal stent results in esophagogastrostomy and esophagojejunostomy anastomotic leak: a three-center retrospective analysis
Authors: Kayapinar Ali , Oymaci Erkan , Gunay Suleyman , Cetin Durmus , Tuncer Korhan , Calik Bulent , Kamer Kemal , Yildirim Mehmet
Published: June 2022

Purpose: Our aim was to compare the efficacy and complications of self-expanding metal stents (SEMS) in anastomotic leaks related to esophagogastrostomy (EG) and esophagojejunostomy (EJ).
Methods: Demographic characteristics, types of surgery, anastomotic leak detection time, clinical findings, diagnostic methods, radiological and endoscopic findings, biochemical findings, efficacy and complications of SEMS, morbidity, and mortality rates of 17 patients who underwent SEMS due to EG (8 cases) or EJ (9 cases) anastomotic leakage after esophageal and gastric tumor resection between 2013-2019 were compared. Mann-Whitney U test was used in the analysis of quantitative variables, Fisher Exact and Fisher-Freeman-Holton tests were used in the analysis of categorical variables.
Results: While early term SEMS migration was not observed in the EG group, it was observed in 5 (55.5%) cases in the EJ group (p=0.564). In the EJ group, laceration in the jejunal loop due to SEMS migration was observed in 1 (11.1%) case, and intestinal perforation was observed in 1 (11.1%) case. The amount of anastomotic leakage after SEMS was significantly decreased in the EG group compared to the EJ group (p=0.028). C-reactive protein values were lower and albumin levels were higher in the EG group compared to EJ group (p=0.093, p=0.078, respectively). Mortality was seen in 1 (12.5%) patient in the EG group and in 5 (55.5%) patients in the EJ group (p=0.131). The mean age of those who developed mortality was higher than those who did not (p=0.015).
Conclusion: While SEMS is effective in EG anastomotic leakage, its success rate is low in EJ anastomotic leakage.
Comparison of efficacy and safety of vildagliptin 50 mg tablet twice daily and vildagliptin 100 mg sustained release once daily tablet on top of metformin in Indian patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus: A randomized, open label, Phase IV parallel group, and clinical trial
Authors: Paul Rudra , Ghosh Arijit , Sengupta Nilanjan , Sahana Pranab
Published: June 2022

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is mainly due to multifactorial of which insulin resistance and deficiency in the incretion are two important pathophysiological factors. Vildagliptin, an oral hypoglycemic agent, acts by inhibiting dipeptidyl peptidase-4 enzyme, often uses as a first line drug along with metformin to enhance outcome.

Aim and Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness and safety of vildagliptin 50 mg twice daily dose with vildagliptin 100 mg sustained release tablet (SR) once daily in Type 2 DM patients and uncontrolled with metformin monotherapy.

Materials and Methods: Adult patients with Type 2 DM fulfilling the inclusion criteria were randomized in two groups. Group 1 patient received metformin 1000 mg/day in two divided dose and tablet vildagliptin 50 mg 2 times daily, while Group 2 patients received metformin 1000 mg/day in two divided dose along with vildagliptin 100 mg SR once daily. Fasting plasma glucose (FPG), postprandial plasma glucose (PPPG), and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C), were measured at baseline, on week 4, week 8, and week 12 visits. Liver function test (SGOT), SGPT, Serum Bilirubin), kidney function test electrolytes, serum urea, serum creatinine), and body weight also measured in first visit and in 12th week.

Results: HbA1C, FPG, and PPPG all three decreased equally at 12 week from their respective baseline values (P < 0.05) in both groups. There is no statistically significant alteration of liver enzymes and in serum bilirubin level from baseline to 12th week in both groups.

Conclusion: Vildagliptin 100 mg SR once daily dose is equally effective and safe as 50 mg twice daily dose in terms of reducing HbA1C, FPG, and PPPG when it is used along with metformin 1000 mg.
Correlation of obesity profile and blood pressure among ethnic and immigrant young adult students in Gangtok, Sikkim
Authors: Gurung Sujata , Das Shipra , Mujeeb Naushi , Lepcha Chedup
Published: June 2022

Background: Several studies support the influence of ethnicity on the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and risk factors for cardiovascular disease.

Aim and Objectives: This study aims to investigate the difference in correlation between obesity profile and blood pressure (BP) between Sikkimese and immigrant students in Gangtok.

Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Physiology, Sikkim Manipal Institute of Medical Sciences, Sikkim, Gangtok. A total of 274 students aged 18–25 years were included in the study. The anthropometric parameters (Height, weight, BMI, and Waist Circumference [WC]), systolic and diastolic BP (DBP) of the ethnic and immigrant group, were recorded. Two-tail Students’ test was performed to compare two groups and Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient was used to measure the linear correlation.

Results: Mean value of all variables-BMI, WC, Systolic BP (SBP), and DBP was higher in the immigrant group as compared to the ethnic group, but the differences were not statistically significant. Lower prevalence of general obesity, abdominal obesity, elevated BP., and hypertension was found among Sikkimese compared to non-Sikkimese young adults. A stronger positive correlation was found between BP and WC and between BP and BMI in immigrants compared to the ethnic group.

Conclusion: Higher incidence of different cardiovascular risk factors in young immigrant adults as compared to the ethnic Sikkimese group in this study points toward ethnicity-dependent differences in the relationship between obesity profile and BP.
An evaluation of awareness about medication error among paramedical staff working at tertiary care hospital
Authors: Zaveri Jitendra , Shah Rajesh , Modi Rushika , Chaudhari Archanabahen
Published: June 2022

Background: Medication error is most common medical error and which is also under-reported particularly in developing countries. It can cause serious harm to the patients in several settings, particularly in hospitals.

Aim and Objective: The aim of the study was to bring awareness among paramedical staff about medication error and to encourage them to report medication.

Materials and Methods: This was a questionnaire-based-cross sectional study conducted over 6 months of duration in tertiary care hospital in 100 paramedical staff.

Results: Out of 100 participants, majority of them (91%) knows about term medication error. Only 26% participants know how to report medication error in our hospital. Three-fourth (75%) do not know where to report, while 22% believes that it is professional obligation to report medication error. The majority of participants 88% agree that proper communication between health-care professionals minimizes medication error. About 77% participants believe that there is a need of independent body/committee for medication error in hospital. About 87% participants recommended training or CME about medication error in health-care professionals.

Conclusion: The majority of participants had basic knowledge about medication error but lacuna on the reporting of medication error was noted. Continued medication education among paramedical staff may improver reporting.
Knowledge on nurse led cam therapy among women with Gynaecological cancer
Authors: Prof Prof , Jayanthi Mrs
Published: June 2022

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CAM, as defined by the National Centre for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM), is a diverse group of medical and health-care systems, practices, and products that may not yet be incorporated into conventional medicine. Aim: To assess the knowledge on Nurse led CAM therapy. Setting and Design: The study was conducted at NMCH, Nellore, by using a descriptive research design. Materials and Methods: 60 women were selected by purposive sampling technique. Structured questionnaire was used to collect the data and the collected data was organized, tabulated, analysed and interpreted by using Descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. Results: The study concluded that 30 (50%) participants had only 70% of knowledge on CAM. This concept helped to determine which options have efficacy and which do not.
CẬP NHẬN VAI TRÒ CỦA SIÊU ÂM ĐÀN HỒI TRONG CHẨN ĐOÁN UNG THƯ TUYẾN TIỀN LIỆT
Authors: Nguyễn Phước Bảo Quân , Nguyễn Quang Trọng , Nguyễn Đắc Hồng Ân
Published: June 2022

TÓM TẮTUng thư tuyến tiền liệt (UTTTL) là một vấn đề sức khỏe ở nam giới được quan tâm trong những năm trở lại đây khi mà có nhiều phát kiến mới từ phương tiện chẩn đoán cho đến các phương tiện điều trị ra đời giúp cải thiện tiên lượng bệnh, đặc biệt là ở các nước Âu-Mỹ nơi mà tần suất mắc bệnh là rất cao. Theo thống kê GlobeCan 2020 thì số ca mắc mới UTTTL là 1.414.259 ca và số catử vong do UTTTL là 375.304 ca , tử vong do UTTTL được xếp là loại tử vong đứng hàng thứ hai sau ung thư phổi ở nam giới. Bên cạnh bộ 3 truyền thống (khám trực tràng, xét nghiệm PSA và Siêu âm ngã trực tràng) thì ngày nay các phương tiện ghi hình mới nổi lên như siêu âm đàn hồi, cộng hưởng từ đa thông số không những đã hỗ trợ bác sĩ lâm sàng chẩn đoán chính xác hơn các ổ ung thư ở giai đoạn còn rất sớm mà còn giúp dẫn đường sinh thiết lấy mẫu làm giải phẫu bệnh-mở ra khuynh hướng sinh thiết hướng đích , qua đó giảm tỷ lệ sinh thiết lại và giảm biến chứng có thể có với kỹ thuật sinh thiết hệ thống như lâu nay.
MASTER SLAVE PHASE SYNCHRONIZATION METHOD WITH XOR AND PHASE/FREQUENCY DETECTOR PLL
Authors: KAPLANOĞLU ÇANTI Zeynep , YARKAN Serhan
Published: June 2022

Phase-locked loop (PLL) is a technique which has contributed significantly toward the technology advancement in communication. Phase and frequency synchronization problems have been present in electronic engineering since the first coherent modulation systems were developed. This paper gives basic details of PLL. It provides brief summary of the basic PLL principle applicable to control systems and digital communication. It also reports components of PLL and comparison among them. PLLs are responsible for recovering the correct time basis and synchronizing the processes. According to the application needs, different clock distribution strategies were developed, with the master-slave being the simplest and most used choice. PLL techniques is chosen for synchronization, since it is one of the most active synchronization techniques. This article contains Simulink of the MATLAB, simulation method and circuit design and mathematical solutions to synchronize PLL.
STUDYING THE ELECTROCHEMICAL BEHAVIORS OF ANODIZED METALLIC IMPLANTS FOR IMPROVED CORROSION RESISTANCE
Authors: MURAD Md. Shafinur , USTA Aybala , ASMATULU Ramazan , CEYLAN Muhammet
Published: June 2022

A study about long-term corrosion behavior of anodized and non-anodized Ti6Al4V and MgAZ31B biomaterials was conducted under controlled conditions. By applying 20V DC potential, MgAZ31B alloys was anodized in phosphoric acid and potassium hydroxide while Ti6Al4V alloys was anodized in phosphoric acid and oxalic acid. Long-term experiments were carried out by immersing them in deionized (DI) water, 3% NaCl and phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) solutions. The corrosion rate and pattern were measured by electrochemical analysis. Also, as a result of anodization, the natural oxide layer was observed on the material surface, thus the corrosion rate is reduced and the life of the biomaterial has been improved.
ÇOK KRİTERLİ KARAR VERME YÖNTEMLERİ İLE TÜRKİYE’DE HES (HİDROELEKTRİK SANTRAL) SEÇİMİ
Authors: ALBAYRAK Semra , TURANLI Münevver
Published: June 2022

Güncel olarak Sanayi Devrimi’nden sonraki yıllarda enerji kaynakları, toplumlarda insanlığın ve üretim faaliyetlerinin gelişmesi açısından çok büyük önem taşımıştır. Sanayi devriminden bu yana modern medeniyetlerin gelişim göstermesinde etkin bir kuvvet pozisyonunda bulunmuştur. Sanayi devriminin ardından ortaya çıkmış olan teknolojik kapsamlı gelişmelerde artış görülmesi doğrudan enerji kaynaklarına bağlı olmaktadır. Son 2 yüzyıl süresince kullanımı devam etmekte olan fosil nitelikli enerji yakıtlarının meydana getirdiği doğa zararlarının, güncel olarak gittikçe artış göstermesi, insanların enerji gereksinimleri açısından alternatif kaynak arayışına girmesine sebebiyet vermiştir. Bu çalışmada çok kriterli karar verme yöntemlerinden biri olan TOPSIS yöntemi kullanılarak 6 kriter belirlenmiş olup; bu kriterlere dair birimler ve kodlarla Hidroelektrik Enerji Santrallerinin kurulumları değerlendirilmiştir. Bu çalışmada çeşitli bölgelerden 17 adet baraj ele alınmış olup; çeşitli kriterlerin puanlandırılması ile birtakım analizler ortaya konmuştur.
Coaching Clinic pada Pemain Futsal Kelompok Umur 8-12 dan 13-15 Tahun di Garuda Futsal Academy Yogyakarta
Authors: Ayub Tatya  , Ginanjar Nugraheningsih  , Budi Laksono
Published: June 2022

Abstrak

Identifikasi masalah yaitu belum adanya variasi latihan futsal dengan baik, materi yang diberikan pelatih belum mengikuti perkembangan futsal modern, belum diberlakukan perencanaan program latihan berdasarkan data. Pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan materi futsal modern yang akan membawa banyak variasi latihan sehingga latihan tidak menjenuhkan. Metode yang digunakan dalam melakukan coaching clinic adalah pembinaan pelatih dalam menyusun program latihan dan memberikan model latihan untuk menunjang perkembangan anak sesuai prinsip latihan dan sistem multilateral.Coaching Clinic pada garuda futsal academy sangat membantu selain meningkatkan kualitas tim secara kesuluruhan, sangat cocok sekali dengan kondisi saat ini karena membantu meningkatkan imunitas tubuh dengan berolahraga. Dari hasil coaching clinic ini, pemain, pelatih dan orang tua memiliki sinergi dalam pengembangan futsal anak usia dini hingga remaja. Konsep yang baik dalam proses perkembangan anak kita tanamkan betul agar terjadinya pemahaman yang konseptual pada anak. Jadi tuntutan harus juara di usia dini tidak begitu besar, karena yang dicari adalah prestasi ketika menginjak usia senior.

Kata Kunci: Coaching Clinic, Futsal