bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Влияние эфира янтарной кислоты 5-гидроксиадамантан-2-она на ГАМКА- и NMDA-рецепторы коры головного мозга крыс на моделях геморрагического инсульта и хронической ишемии
Authors: Абдуллина Алия Анвяровна , Васильева Екатерина Валерьевна , Кондрахин Евгений Анатольевич , Курза Елена Владимировна , Ганьшина Тамара Сергеевна , Курдюмов Илья Николаевич , Мирзоян Рубен Симонович , Ковалев Георгий Иванович
Published: November 2023

Проведена оценка нейрорецепторных характеристик ГАМКА- и NMDA-рецепторов в головном мозге крыс на модели геморрагического инсульта и билатерального перманентного стеноза сонных артерий под влиянием эфира янтарной кислоты 5-гидроксиадамантан-2-она (50 мг/кг/сутки, 7 дней). С помощью радиолигандного анализа было обнаружено, что на фоне геморрагического инсульта показатели плотности ГАМКА- и NMDA-рецепторов остаются неизменными относительно интактных крыс, что отличает эту модель патологии от ишемического поражения. Недельное введение эфира янтарной кислоты 5-гидроксиадамантан-2-она животным обеих экспериментальных моделей вызвало схожий эффект — снижение плотности ГАМКА-рецепторов на 23 % относительно смоделированной патологии в контроле и отсутствие влияния на количество NMDA-рецепторов. Сопоставление полученных результатов с данными ранее проведенных исследований позволяет утверждать, что ГАМКергическая активность эфира янтарной кислоты 5-гидроксиадамантан-2-она корректирует неврологические нарушения только в условиях ишемического поражения.
Commitment and Job Satisfaction with Nurse Job Performance
Authors: Aminuddin Aminuddin  , A. Suyatni Musrah  , Lumastri Ajeng Wijayanti  , Yofa Anggriani Utama  , Suprapto
Published: November 2023

Background: Providing quality nursing services cannot be separated from human resources, which produce good performance and achievements so that they can provide excellent service.
Purpose: Knowing the commitment and job satisfaction to nurses' job performance.
Methods: Analytical descriptive research design with a cross-sectional approach. Sampling is total sampling. Univariate, and bivariate, uji chi square.
Results: The distribution of respondents based on work commitment factors showed that almost all implementing nurses had good commitments, 90.9%. The job satisfaction factor shows that the implementing nurse with good job satisfaction is 59 1%. The chi-square test shows nurses' commitment with a p-value = 0.04 and nurse satisfaction p-value = 1.000, with a value of ? = 0.05.
Conclusion: It can be concluded that a da relationship between commitment and the work performance of the implementing nurse, and there is no relationship between job satisfaction and the work performance of the implementing nurse. The hospital's recommendation is to maintain existing commitments by keeping nurses engaged by provoking nurses to participate in making decisions so that nurses feel like a whole part of the hospital.
Literature Review : Socio-Economic Impact on Society due to the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Anis Ansyori  , Yuly Peristiowati
Published: November 2023

Background: Background the covid-19 pandemic has occurred since March 2020, the presence of the virus affects all aspects of life in society.
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to determine the Socio-Economic Impact on Society due to the covid-19 pandemic.  
Methods: The methodology used in this research is Literature Review LR. The results data used in this study were 10 journals sourced from 4 databases with the keywords pandemic, covid-19, socio-economic, society.
Results: Based on journal reviews, it can be concluded that several articles show that the socio-economic impact on society due to the covid-19 pandemic is caused by several factors, including the health impact on the aspect of decreasing coverage of most health services, the economic slowdown causing an increase in unemployment, especially in the micro and industrial sector. households, in the social sector, increasing poverty, decreasing family income, decreasing food consumption, losing some types of work, for traders decreasing the number of sales.
Conclusion: The study's findings indicate that the covid-19 pandemic has had adverse effects on various aspects of individuals' life institutions. These consequences encompass a drop in the accessibility of most healthcare services, a rise in unemployment in microbusinesses and home industries, an increase in poverty, a decrease in household income, a reduction in food consumption, and a decline in sales for businesses.
Yoga Exercises in Reduce Homa-Ir and Insulin Levels in Polycystic Ovarium Syndrome (PCOS) Insulin Resistant
Authors: Zakkiyatus Zainiyah  , Muhammad Suhron
Published: November 2023

Background: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS), an endocrine disease that causes infertility in reproductive women, characterized by hyperandrogenemia, chronic anovulation, and Polycystic Ovary Morphology (PCOM), most PCOS women have metabolic disorders. The HOMA-IR can be used as a clinical index that is easy and sensitive to assess ovarian function in insulin-resistant PCOS women. The HOMA-IR examination has never been performed on obese PCOS patients in Madurese and Indonesia, it was carried out in Madura because it has the potential for obesity with unfavorable lifestyles such as consuming high carbohydrates and a tendency to obesity in PCOS patients.
Purpose: The aim of this study was to analyze yoga exercises in reducing HOMA-IR and Insulin Levels in insulin-resistant polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in the Madurese.
Methods: Analytic observational study with a case-control study design, a sample of 50 patients (cases of PCOS) and 50 healthy women (non-PCOS) in the Madurese tribe, serum was taken to check HOMA-IR and insulin levels, which were examined in the laboratory. Chi-square statistical test with significance 0.05.
Results: The results Chi-square statistical test with significance 0.05 showed that the case group before being given Yoga exercises the average HOMA-IR results were 40.97 and insulin levels were 61.38?l/ml while in the control group the average HOMA-IR results were 1.54 and average insulin levels were 2.9-21?l /ml, after doing Yoga exercises for 12 times and 2 times a week.
Conclusion: There is a decrease in the HOMA-IR value and insulin levels. The HOMA-IR values and insulin levels decreased between before and after being given gymnastics in the case group.
Mother's Behavior Attachment Model in Care for Stunting Prevention in Bangkalan District
Authors: Ulva Noviana  , Heni Ekawati  , Mufarika  , M. Hasinuddin  , Mustofa Haris
Published: November 2023

Background: Stunting is a state of malnutrition associated with past nutritional insufficiency so that it is included in a chronic nutritional problem. Based on data from a study on nutritional status in Indonesia in 2021, the prevalence of stunting in Bangkalan Regency is the highest among other districts in East Java, namely 38.9%, while the incidence of stunting in Indonesia is 24% (SSGI, 2021). This shows that there are high cases of stunting among toddlers in East Java, especially in Bangkalan.Purpose: This study aims to develop a model of attachment behavior for mothers in stunting prevention care in Bangkalan Regency.Methods: The research design used was analytic observational with a cross-sectional approach. The sample size is 190 mothers who have stunted children. Technical sampling using multistage random sampling and proportionate stratified random sampling technique. Latent variables (Variable X) in this study were attitude, personal agency, knowledge, maternal parenting intentions, environmental barriers, and habits, and the dependent variable (Y) in this study was the mother's attachment behavior with 19 observed variables or indicators. The analysis technique used is SEM-PLS. Results: The latent variables that have significance for the attachment behavior of mothers in stunting prevention care are knowledge and intentions. The attitude variable directly and significantly influences the mother's attitude in forming intentions that lead to attachment behavior of the mother in caring for stunting prevention in children under two years old. Mothers who have high intentions to care for their children will be followed by concrete actions in the form of attachment behavior in the form of stunting prevention care. Mothers who have good knowledge about how to prevent stunting, the causes of stunting, and the short-term or long-term effects of stunting will move the mother and attach the mother to her baby. Attitude is one of the factors that influence the formation of a mother's intention in the behavior of a mother's caring attachment to her child.Conclusion: Knowledge and intention variables shape mother's attachment behavior in stunting prevention care. Mother's attitude influences the mother's intention in attachment behavior in stunting prevention care.
Media Education Quartet Card Play on Reproductive Health Learning in Adolescents
Authors: Fazrin Intan , Suci Anggraeni  , Nur Yeny Hidajaturrokhmah  , Retno Palupi Yonni Siwi  , Candra Wahyuni
Published: November 2023

Background: The low knowledge of adolescents about reproductive health is due to a variety of factors, among others customs, culture, religion, and the lack of information from the right sources. This lack of knowledge will lead to various impacts that are especially detrimental to the youth group and their families. Preparing adolescent women with adequate knowledge of reproductive health is crucial for optimizing the quality of life of adolescents in the future.
Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the influence of quartet card game media education on reproductive health on knowledge in adolescents.
Methods: The study uses a pre-experimental research design and one group pre-posttest design. The population in this study is the entire youth SMP YBPK Kota Kediri as many as 50 respondents, sample 24 respondents selected using accidental sampling technique. Free variables are educational media card games about reproductive health and bound variables are knowledge. Quartet card media educational instruments use SOP, and knowledge using questionnaires. Data analysis using the Wilcoxon test.
Results: The results of the statistical tests showed that the value of Asymp.Sig. (2-tailed) is 0.01 less than 0.05, then Ha is accepted, meaning there is an influence of the educational media of the quartet card game on reproductive health on knowledge in adolescents.
Conclusion: Quartet media can create enjoyable learning situations that can enhance adolescent knowledge about reproductive health.
The Role of Midwives in the Education of Labor and Childbirth Readiness
Authors: Masita  , Erlin Puspita  , Yunita Laila Astuti  , Nurmiaty
Published: November 2023

Background: Efforts to reduce maternal mortality ratio can be done promotively, preventively, curatively, and rehabilitatively. One of the promotive efforts is to provide education during pregnancy, especially in the third trimester or before the estimated delivery. Childbirth preparation education is essential for pregnant women, husbands and families to improve knowledge and skills, one of which is the prevention and early detection of complications. The World Health Organization strongly recommends strengthening preparedness programs for childbirth and complications to increase utilization of quality care at delivery and to increase the use of health services for obstetric and newborn complications.
Purpose: This study aims to identify the implementation of childbirth readiness education to prevent complications of childbirth in independent midwife practices in the DKI Jakarta area.
Methods: Qualitative research design was used in this study with an explanatory descriptive design. Informants for this research were 15 midwives in the DKI Jakarta area. Selection of informants using purposive sampling technique. Analysis was done by means of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion verification.
Results: The implementation of labor and childbirth readiness education to prevent labor complications was quite good. Education on physical, psychological, and financial preparation has been carried out adequately, but there were several aspects of education related to cultural preparation related to pregnancy and childbirth that was still not optimal.
Conclusion: It is expected that midwives can maintain the education that has been given to pregnant women.  Midwives actively participate in monitoring and educating pregnant women so that they can carry out early detection of complications and appropriate treatment if emergencies occur.
Risk Factors of Stroke in Indonesian Population: Literature Review
Authors: Rahmania Ambarika  , Mohammad Saifulaman  , Apriyani Puji Hastuti  , Anggraini Novita Ana
Published: November 2023

Background: Stroke is a major cause of death and disability in Indonesia. Stroke requires high-quality, fast, and precise management to prevent and avoid disability and death. Stroke can be prevented by adequately controlling the risk factors and encouraging healthy lifestyles. Efforts are needed to organize health promotion programs at the community level. More and a better distribution of neurologists and neuro interventionalists is needed.
Purpose: The purpose of this research is to review risk factors of stroke patient.
Methods:  We included English materials published between Science Direct, PubMed, Research Gate, and Google Scholar that were used to find studies related to stroke dan risk- factor between 2016- 2022.
Results: In general, risk factor of stroke are sosiodemographic factor, biological factor, lifestyle factor, other condition and other factor can cause stroke. Stroke divide into stroke infark and stroke hemoragic. Risk factor of stroke infark are non- modifiable factor (age, sex, ethnicity, genetic) and modifiable risk factors (hypertension, current smoking, waist to hip ratio, diet, alcohol consumption). Risk factor of stroke hemoragic are non- modifiable factor (age, sex, ethnicity, genetic) and modifiable risk factors (hypertension, current smoking, waist to hip ratio, diet, alcohol consumption, physical inactivity, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, cardiac causes, apolipoprotein B to A1).
Conclusion: Review of discharge planning can be influenced by several factors: individual characteristics (clients' potential with special needs early, motivation), family factors (social resources, home environment), health care system (teaching home care skills with community/ hospital professionals. These factors will affect the implementation of discharge planning in health services which is hospital accreditation.
The Relationship of Nurse's Caring Attitude with Level Patient Satisfaction in Inpatient Rooms
Authors: Putri Kristyaningsih  , Rusmawati Aprin
Published: November 2023

Background: Caring nurses are a caring attitude that makes it easier for patients to achieve improved health and recovery. Among the positive attitudes of nurses is the caring attitude of nurses. Nurses in carrying out nursing care are required to provide the best performance so that patients will feel satisfied. On the other hand, dissatisfaction will arise if the performance of the health services they receive does not match their expectations.
Purpose: This study aims to determine the caring attitude of inpatient nurses at Aura Syifa Hospital, Kediri.
Methods: This research is an analytical descriptive research. Data collection was carried out using a questionnaire. The patient's caring attitude assessment is carried out. Respondents were 62 patients in inpatient rooms who were selected using total sampling techniques. Data analysis was carried out by univariate statistical tests.
Results: The results of research on nurses' caring attitudes were mostly positive caring attitudes, namely 58 people (93.5%), and 4 people (6.5%) who had negative caring attitudes.
Conclusion: Nurses in the inpatient room at Aura Syifa Kediri Hospital have a positive caring attitude. Suggestion: This research can be used as input to improve the caring attitude of nurses towards patients in every nursing service provided to achieve patient satisfaction.
New records of lichenized and lichenicolous fungi from the Franz Josef Land (Russian Arctic)
Authors: Chesnokov S. V. , Konoreva L. A.
Published: November 2023

The study presents data on 24 species of lichens and seven species of lichenicolous fungi that are newly recorded in the Franz Josef Land Archipelago. Among these, Amandinea pelidna, Didymocyrtis bryonthae, and Sclerococcum parasiticum are new discoveries for European Russia, and another 12 species are newly documented for the Arkhangelsk Region. Thus, 301 species of lichens and 50 species of lichenicolous fungi are currently known for the Franz Josef Land Archipelago.
Efficiency and Cost Savings of MQTT Push to Talk in Retail Operations
Authors: Tobiloba Bamigboye , Owen Rachael , Stephen Edward
Published: November 2023

Effective communication is a cornerstone of operational efficiency in the retail industry. This study explores the transformative potential of MQTT (Message Queuing Telemetry Transport) Push to Talk as a communication technology. Through a comprehensive analysis of real-world retail scenarios, our research demonstrates the tangible benefits of MQTT Push to Talk in terms of operational efficiency and cost savings. We present compelling evidence that MQTT Push to Talk outperforms traditional communication systems, significantly streamlining intra-team and inter-departmental communication while concurrently reducing operational costs. The findings of this study not only underline the immediate advantages but also point to the long-term potential of adopting MQTT Push to Talk in retail operations. This article provides a comprehensive examination of the implications for retail businesses and offers actionable recommendations for harnessing this technology to its fullest extent. Researchers, practitioners, and decision-makers alike are invited to delve into this article to uncover the opportunities MQTT Push to Talk brings to the retail sector.
MANAGING DIVERSITY
Authors: Putra Lucky Fajar Adtya
Published: November 2023

Managing diversity (manajemen kebaragaman)
BMF CP57: A Gravity Model analysis of Ukraine crisis’s impact on Germany’s trade patterns
Authors: Cuong Nguyen Manh , Mutai Noah C. , Ibeh Lawrence
Published: November 2023

The Ukraine conflict has profoundly affected global trade and international relations, particularly for Germany, a major player in Europe and the European Union. This study utilizes a Gravity Model analysis to explore Germany’s trade network and assess the impact of the conflict on its trade partnerships. By examining missed opportunities and potential disruptions caused by conflicts, the research contributes to a deeper understanding of trade dynamics post-geopolitical crises. This knowledge can guide policymakers and stakeholders in adapting trade policies and sustaining partnerships amid conflicts. Germany’s economic well-being relies heavily on exports, making it crucial to analyze the Ukraine crisis’s effects on its trade dynamics.
Resume 6_Prilaku Organisasi_Individual
Authors: Nasruloh Rido
Published: November 2023

Sebuah proses sadar membuat pilihan antara satu atau lebih alternatif dengan tujuan bergerak menuju beberapa keadaan yang diinginkan
Reducing Attrition in Phone-based Panel Surveys: A Web Application to Facilitate Best Practices and Semi-Automate Survey Workflow
Authors: Alrababah Ala , Casalis Marine , Masterson Daniel , Hangartner Dominik , Wehrli Stefan , Weinstein Jeremy
Published: November 2023

Panel surveys and phone-based data collection are essential tools for survey research and are often used together due to the practical advantages of conducting repeated interviews over the phone. These tools are particularly critical for research in dynamic or high-risk settings, as highlighted by researchers' responses to the COVID-19 crisis. However, maintaining low attrition is a major problem with panel surveys. Current solutions focus on statistical fixes to address attrition ex post but often overlook a preferable solution: minimizing attrition in the first place. Building on a review of political science panel studies and a systematic overview of best practices, we propose a framework for reducing attrition and present an online platform to facilitate the logistics of survey implementation. The web application semi-automates scheduling survey calls and enumerator workflows, which helps reduce panel attrition while also increasing data quality and minimizing enumerator errors. Applying the proposed framework to a panel study of Syrian refugees in Lebanon, we are able to maintain participant retention at 67% around three and a half years after the baseline survey. We conclude by offering guidelines for transparently reporting panel studies and comprehensively describing their designs.
Guilt and Guilty Pleas
Authors: Little Andrew T. , Simpson Hannah
Published: November 2023

Plea bargaining figures heavily in criminal justice systems in the United States and, increasingly, around the globe. Conventional wisdom holds that plea bargaining generates efficiency gains for all parties, while sorting the guilty from the innocent. We build a series of formal models to consider the relationship between a defendant’s guilt and her likelihood of pleading guilty. In an inversion of the conventional wisdom, we show that under a range of empirically plausible scenarios—for example, if criminals are more risk-seeking than the wrongfully accused, or if prosecutors derive a career benefit from trial wins—the innocent are more likely than the guilty to plea bargain.
EKONOMI SYARIAH
Authors: Sembiring Wahyu Ramadhan , Kurniawan Asep
Published: November 2023

RANGKUMAN EKONOMI SYARIAH
managing change and inovation
Authors: Fadila Hilda
Published: November 2023

What is Change?Perubahan adalah perbedaan kondisi antara sebelum dan setelahnya.Organizational ChangeSetiap perubahan yang terjadi pada orang, struktur, teknologi di suatu organisasi.Characteristics of Change1)Adalah sesuatu yang konstan tetapi bervariasi dalam hal derajat dan arah.2)Menghasilkan ketidakpastian namun tidak sepenuhnya tidak dapat diprediksi.3)Menciptakan ancaman dan peluang
EKONOMI SYARIAH
Authors: MARDANI JELITA PUSPITA , Kurniawan Asep
Published: November 2023

Konsep Kepemilikan Dalam Islam
Ứng dụng BMF trong nghiên cứu KHXH
Authors: Nguyen Minh-Hoang
Published: November 2023

Ứng dụng BMF trong nghiên cứu KHXH
WORKPLACE EMOTIONS, ATTITUDES, AND STRESS
Authors: lestari Nova dwi
Published: November 2023

EMOSIEmosi adalah episode fisiologis, perilaku, dan psikologis yang dialami oleh seseorang dalam menghadapi orang lain, objek, atau kejadian tertentu.SIKAPSikap adalah gabungan dari keyakinan, perasaan, dan intensitas perilaku terhadap orang, objek, atau peristiwa.Tiga komponen sikap:1. Keyakinan, merupakan persepsi mapan tentang obyek sikap (apa yangdiyakini benar)2. Perasaan, merupakan evaluasi positif atau negatif dari objek sikap3. Intensitas perilaku, merupakan motivasi untuk terlibat dalam perilakutertentu sehubungan dengan obyek sikap.
Konsep Kepemilikan Dalam Islam
Authors: Nurjanah Dewi
Published: November 2023

Konsep kepemilikan dalam islam
Advancements in Security Testing: A Comprehensive Review of Methodologies and Emerging Trends in Software Quality Engineering
Authors: Pargaonkar Shravan
Published: November 2023

Advancements in Security Testing: A ComprehensiveReview of Methodologies and Emerging Trends inSoftware Quality Engineering
Resume 3_Perilaku Organisasi_PERCEPTIONS AND LEARNING IN ORGANIZATIONS
Authors: Nasruloh Rido
Published: November 2023

Persepsi (Perception) adalah proses pemilihan, pengorganisasian, dan penafsiran informasi dalam rangka untuk memahami dunia di sekitar kita.Perhatian selektif (Selective attention). Apa yang orang anggap sebagai realitas sebenarnya disaring melalui proses persepsi yang tidak sempurna, yang disebut perhatian selektif bahwa informasi yang diterima, disaring oleh indera yang dipengaruhi oleh karakteristik dari orang atau objek yang dirasakan, dan dari individu yang melakukan pengamatan.Model mental (Mental Models). Teori yang digunakan (theories in-use) dalam memperkirakan keadaan dunia sekitarnya, sebagai panduan persepsi dan perilaku mereka.
Individual Decision Making
Authors: Azizah Pani Apriani
Published: November 2023

Penjelasna bagaimana cara mengambil keputusan yang baik.
A Comprehensive Research Analysis of Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) Agile & Waterfall Model Advantages, Disadvantages, and Application Suitability in Software Quality Engineering
Authors: Pargaonkar Shravan
Published: November 2023

A Comprehensive Research Analysis ofSoftware Development Life Cycle (SDLC) Agile &Waterfall Model Advantages, Disadvantages, andApplication Suitability in Software QualityEngineering
ekonomisyariah
Authors: apriansyah tedi , Kurniawan Asep
Published: November 2023

materi ekonomi syariah
Ứng dụng Bayes trong nghiên cứu KHXH
Authors: Nguyen Minh-Hoang
Published: November 2023

Ứng dụng Bayes trong nghiên cứu KHXH
Type I Error Rates are Not Usually Inflated
Authors: Rubin Mark
Published: November 2023

The inflation of Type I error rates is thought to be one of the causes of the replication crisis. Questionable research practices such as p-hacking are thought to inflate Type I error rates above their nominal level, leading to unexpectedly high levels of false positives in the literature and, consequently, unexpectedly low replication rates. In this article, I offer an alternative view. I argue that questionable and other research practices do not usually inflate relevant Type I error rates. I begin by introducing the concept of Type I error rates and distinguishing between statistical errors and theoretical errors. I then illustrate my argument with respect to model misspecification, multiple testing, selective inference, forking paths, exploratory analyses, p-hacking, optional stopping, double dipping, and HARKing. In each case, I demonstrate that relevant Type I error rates are not usually inflated above their nominal level, and in the rare cases that they are, the inflation is easily identified and resolved. I conclude that the replication crisis may be explained, at least in part, by researchers’ misinterpretation of statistical errors and their underestimation of theoretical errors.
Transgression–regression cycles drive correlations in Ediacaran–Cambrian rock and fossil records
Authors: Segessenman Daniel , Peters Shanan
Published: November 2023

Strata of the Ediacaran Period (635–538.8 Ma) yield the oldest known fossils of complex, macroscopic organisms in the geologic record. These “Ediacaran-type” macrofossils (known as the Ediacaran biota) first appear in mid-Ediacaran strata, experience an apparent decline through the terminal Ediacaran, and directly precede the Cambrian (538.8–485.4 Ma) radiation of animals. Existing hypotheses for the origin and demise of the Ediacaran biota include: changing oceanic redox states, biotic replacement by succeeding Cambrian-type fauna, and mass extinction driven by environmental change. Few studies frame trends in Ediacaran and Cambrian macroevolution from the perspective of the sedimentary rock record, despite well-documented Phanerozoic covariation of macroevolutionary patterns and sedimentary rock quantity. Here we present a quantitative analysis of North American Ediacaran–Cambrian rock and fossil records from Macrostrat and the Paleobiology Database. Marine sedimentary rock quantity increases nearly monotonically and by more than a factor of five from the latest Ediacaran to the late Cambrian. Ediacaran–Cambrian fossil quantities exhibit a comparable trajectory and have strong (rs > 0.8) positive correlations with marine sedimentary area and volume flux at multiple temporal resolutions. Even so, Ediacaran fossil quantities are dramatically reduced in comparison to the Cambrian when normalized by the quantity of preserved marine rock. Although aspects of these results are consistent with the expectations of a simple fossil preservation–induced sampling bias, together they suggest that transgression–regression and a large expansion of marine shelf environments coincided with the diversification of animals during a dramatic transition that is starkly evident in both the sedimentary rock and fossil records.
The effects of loneliness and perceived social support on heart rate variability are mediated by depressive symptomatology and moderated by gender
Authors: Piejka Aleksandra , Thayer Julian F. , Okruszek Łukasz
Published: November 2023

Background: Chronic loneliness and low perceived social support have been recognized as risk factors for both mental and cardiovascular disorders. It has been proposed that their link to psychophysiological problems may involve changes in parasympathetic activity. However, the exact underlying psychopathological mechanisms and the moderating effects of gender are still not thoroughly examined.Method: The present study investigated associations between perceived social functioning and resting vagal tone in the context of potential cognitive and subclinical mediators, as well as gender differences. Three hundred thirty-two young adults (aged 18-35, 183 women) underwent an electrocardiogram measurement of 6-minute resting heart rate variability (HRV). Then, they completed questionnaires assessing loneliness, perceived social support, social cognitive biases, depressive and social anxiety symptoms, and general mental health. Results: In men, HRV was significantly associated with poorer perceived social functioning, depressive symptoms, and self-reported social cognitive biases, while in women, there was a quadratic link between HRV, depressive symptoms, and general mental health. Moderated mediation analysis revealed that depressive symptoms fully mediated the relationship between perceived social functioning and HRV in men.Limitations: The study included only young adults, did not investigate dynamic indices of parasympathetic activity, and used mainly questionnaire measures.Conclusions: The results suggest that physiological changes in lonely individuals are linked to depressive symptomatology rather than to specific social cognitive biases and that this link is significant only in men, whereas in women, compensatory physiological mechanisms seem to constitute protection against emotional stressors.
Condemned or Valued: Young Children Evaluate Nonconformity Based on Nonconformists' Group Orientations
Authors: Yang Fan , Roberts Steven
Published: November 2023

Nonconformity––the act of deviating from established norms and expectations of one’s group––is often evaluated negatively, despite its potential benefits for society. Three preregistered studies (N = 153) examined how nonconformists’ group orientations (attitudes and intentions toward ingroup and outgroups) might affect 4-6-year-olds’ evaluations of nonconformity in intergroup situations. Study 1 examined children’s default beliefs of nonconformists’ group attitudes toward ingroup and outgroup. We found that children expected nonconformists to hold more positive attitudes toward their outgroup than toward their ingroup, and this expectation predicted their disapproval of nonconformity. In Study 2, however, when nonconformity was explicitly motivated by positive intentions toward the ingroup rather than toward the outgroup, children were more accepting of nonconformity. Study 3 found that among nonconformists with different types of group orientations (positive toward the outgroup, ingroup or both group), young children evaluated the most positively nonconformists who bring the ingroup and the outgroup together. Collectively, these findings suggest that children evaluate nonconformity based on nonconformists’ group orientations, illuminating one mechanism for how nonconformity could be more socially accepted and valued.
Financial-related discrimination and socioeconomic inequalities in psychological well-being related measures: A longitudinal study
Authors: Bridson Lucy , Robinson Eric , Putra I Gusti Ngurah Edi
Published: November 2023

Background: This study examined the prospective association between financial-related discrimination and psychological well-being related measures and assessed the role of financial-related discrimination in explaining socioeconomic inequalities in psychological well-being related measures. Methods: Data of UK older adults (≥ 50 years) from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing were used (baseline: Wave 5, 2010/2011; n=8,988). The baseline total non-pension wealth (in tertiles: poorest, middle, richest) was used as a socioeconomic status (SES) measure. Financial-related discrimination at baseline was defined as participants who reported they had been discriminated against due to their financial status. Five psychological well-being related measures (depressive symptoms, enjoyment of life, eudemonic well-being, life satisfaction and loneliness) were examined prospectively across different follow-up periods (Waves 6, 2012/2013, 2-year follow-up; and 7, 2014/2015, 4-year follow-up). Regression models assessed associations between wealth, financial-related discrimination, and follow-up psychological measures, controlling for sociodemographic covariates and baseline psychological measures (for longitudinal associations). Mediation analysis informed how much (%) the association between wealth and psychological well-being related measures was explained by financial-related discrimination. Results: Participants from the poorest, but not middle, (vs. richest) wealth groups were more likely to experience financial-related discrimination (OR= 1.97; 95%CI= 1.49, 2.59). The poorest (vs. richest) wealth was also longitudinally associated with increased depressive symptoms and decreased enjoyment of life, eudemonic well-being, life satisfaction in both 2-year and 4-year follow-ups, and loneliness at 4-year follow-ups. Experiencing financial-related discrimination was longitudinally associated with greater depressive symptoms and loneliness and lower enjoyment of life across follow-up periods. Findings from mediation analysis indicated that financial-related discrimination explained 3-8% of the longitudinal associations between wealth (poorest vs. richest) and psychological well-being related measures. Conclusions: Financial-related discrimination is associated with worse psychological well-being and explains a small proportion of socioeconomic inequalities in psychological well-being.
Coefficients of determination measured on the same scale as the outcome: Alternatives to R2 that use standard deviations instead of explained variance
Authors: Berggren Mathias
Published: November 2023

The coefficient of determination, R^2, also called the explained variance, is often taken as a proportional measure of the relative determination of model on outcome. However, while R^2 has some attractive statistical properties, its reliance on squared variations (variances) may limit its use as an easily interpretable descriptive statistic of that determination. Here, properties of this coefficient on the squared scale are discussed and generalized to three relative measures on the original scale. These generalizations can all be expressed as transformations of R^2, and alternatives can therefore also be calculated by plugging in related estimates, such as the adjusted R^2. The third coefficient, new for this article, and here termed the CoD_SD (thecoefficient of determination in terms of standard deviations), or R_π (R-pi), equals √(R^2)/(√(R^2)+√(1-R^2)). It is argued that this coefficient most usefully captures the relative determination of the model. When the contribution of the error is c times that of the model, the CoD_SD equals 1 / (1 + c), while R^2 equals 1 / (1 + c^2).
What is mental effort: a clinical perspective
Authors: Wolpe Noham , Holton Richard , Fletcher Paul
Published: November 2023

Although mental effort is a frequently used term, it is poorly defined and understood. In neuroscience research, the term is used to mean both the cognitive ‘work’ that is done in meeting task demands, and the subjective experience of performing that work. We argue that this dual usage is problematic, as many neuropsychiatric conditions are characterised by specific changes either in the cognitive apparatus that carries out the work, or in the subjective experience that accompanies it. We suggest that the most coherent and clinically useful perspective on mental effort is that it is a subjective experience. This makes a clear distinction between cognitive impairments arising from changes in the cognitive apparatus, as in dementia and brain injury, and those arising from subjective difficulties in carrying out the cognitive work, as in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, depression, and other motivational disorders. We review recent advances in neuroscience research, suggesting the experience of effort has emerged to control task switches so as to minimise ‘costs’ relative to ‘benefits.’ We consider how these advances can contribute to our understanding of the experience of increased effort perception in clinical populations. We suggest that this more specific framing of mental effort will offer a deeper understanding of the mechanisms of cognitive impairments in differing clinical groups, and will ultimately facilitate better therapeutic interventions.
Perceptions of Economic Inequality at the Intersection of Race and Gender
Authors: Foy Erin , Nicolas Gandalf
Published: November 2023

Past research indicates that the public tends to underestimate the extent of economic inequality based on race or gender. However, little work has explored perceptual patterns regarding inequality based on both identities (i.e., intersectional inequality). Through an online survey, 725 Americans estimated the relative size of earnings gaps between two targets with differing racial, gender, or racial-gender identity combinations for six years (1969-2019). Some sets of comparisons followed the anticipated patterns of underestimation of earnings gaps and larger differences between estimates and objective data for more recent than for earlier years, but others (including some intersectional comparisons) did not, demonstrating differences between perceptions based on racial or gender identity alone versus together. Participants also estimated prototypical racial-gender identity gaps more closely to those based on race or gender alone compared to less prototypical identities, indicating the potential role of prototypicality in how social inequality is perceived.
Tappingduino: A versatile shield for paced finger tapping experiments with Arduino
Authors: Caral Paula , Morales Tomás Correa , Fe Paz García Lodi , Silva Ariel Darío , Bussi Ulises , Spiousas Ignacio , Laje Rodrigo
Published: November 2023

Paced finger tapping is the simplest task to study sensorimotor synchronization (SMS), that is the mostly specifically human behavior of synchronizing motor actions to an external metronome. In this work we show the design and construction of an Arduino shield for paced finger-tapping experiments. The pin footprint is compatible with Arduino Mega 2560.
PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN DAUN KELOR DAN LAMA PEMERAMAN TERHADAP JUMLAH BAKTERI DAN UJI ORGANOLEPTIK TELUR ASIN (TELUR AYAM KAMPUNG)
Authors: Sarmiati Sarmiati , Hidayati Sari Gando , Fridarti Fridarti
Published: November 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh  penambahan daun kelor dan lama penyimpanan terhadap jumlah bakteri dan uji organoleptik telur asin. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode eksperimen yang menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap pola faktorial  yang masing-masaing dilakukan tiga kali ulangan untuk uji jumlah total bakteri dan organoleptik. Percobaan ini terdiri dari dua faktor  yaitu faktor A dan faktor B dengan perlakuan sebagai berikut: Faktor A level persentase jumlah daun Kelor yaitu a1(0%), a2(7%), a3(14%). Faktor B lama Penyimpanan yaitu b1( 6 ), b2 (8 ), b3(10) hari.        Hasil sidik ragam, interaksi pemberian daun kelor dan lama penyimpanan pada proses pembuatan telur asin, memperlihatkan pengaruh yang tidak nyata (P>0,05) terhadap jumlah bakteri dan uji organoleptik (aroma, warna kuning telur, tekstur kuning telur, tekstur putih telur, kesukaan), sedangkan untuk uji rasa telur asin memperlihatkan pengaruh nyata (P<0,05). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa: pembuatan telur asin dapat di tambah daun kelor sampai level 14% dengan lama pemeraman 10 hari
PENGARUH KONSENTRASI DAN FREKUENSI PUPUK ORGANIK CAIR DAUN LAMTORO TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN BIBIT KELAPA SAWIT (Elaeis guineensis Jacq) DI PRE NURSERY
Authors: Sari Aslan , Diyanti Afri Rona
Published: November 2023

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui respon pertumbuhan bibit kelapa sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq) di pre nursery terhadap pemberian pupuk organik cair daun lamtoro. Percobaan dilakukan di kebun percobaan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Tamansiswa Padang dengan ketinggian 7 m dpl. Percobaan di lakukan di bulan Juli - September 2022. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan acak lengkap Faktorial dengan tiga ulangan. Faktor pertama pemberian konsenterasi 0 ml/l, 150 ml/l 300 ml/l dan 450 ml/l. Faktor kedua frekuensi pemberian perlakuan yaitu satu kali seminggu dan dua kali seminggu dengan parameter yang diamati yaitu tinggi tanaman, diameter batang, luas daun, muncul daun pertama, jumlah daun, panjang akar, bobot bibit, warna daun dan normalitas bibit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi pupuk organik cair daun lamtoro berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan bibit kelapa sawit di prenursery pada tinggi tanaman, luas daun, umur muncul daun pertama dan jumlah daun pertanaman dengan konsentrasi perlakuan terbaik yaitu 450 m/l.

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to determine the growth response of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq) seedlings in the pre-nursery to the application of lamtoro leaf liquid organic fertilizer. The experiment was carried out in the experimental garden of the Faculty of Agriculture, Tamansiswa University, Padang, at a height of 7 m above sea level. The experiment was conducted in July - September 2022. This study used a completely randomized factorial design with three replications. The first factor is giving concentrations of 0 ml/l, 150 ml/l, 300 ml/l and 450 ml/l. The second factor was the frequency of treatment, namely once a week and twice a week with the parameters observed, namely plant height, stem diameter, leaf area, first leaf appearance, number of leaves, root length, seedling weight, leaf color and seedling normality. The results showed that the application of lamtoro leaf liquid organic fertilizer had an effect on the growth of oil palm seedlings in the prenursery on plant height, leaf area, age of first leaf appearance and number of leaves per plant with the best treatment concentration of 450 m/l.
Pobačaj u najstarijoj brahmanističkoj vjerskoj i pravnoj književnosti
Authors: Andrijanić Ivan
Published: November 2023

U članku se prvo razmatra kako se u najstarijim brahmanističkim izvorima gleda na osobnost zametka i na pitanje kada život u nj ulazi. Dalje se razmatra odnos prema namjerno izazvanome pobačaju u vedskim izvorima i u pravnim tekstovima dharmaśāstrama. One se nadovezuju na vedske izvore kada prijestup namjerno izazvana pobačaja izjednačuju po težini s ubojstvom brahmana, ali i s ubojstvom ātreyī, plodne brahmanske žene jer se pobačaj najčešće razmatra u kontekstu brahmanskoga društvenoga staleža.
Negativni utjecaji pobačaja — studija slučaja
Authors: Volenik Antun
Published: November 2023

U ovom radu, kroz metodološki okvir studije slučaja, nakon višegodišnjega rada s klijenticom u psihodinamskoj psihoterapiji, prikazana je malo istražena problematika osobe koja nije pobačena, iako je njezin pobačaj bio planiran unutar obitelji u kojoj je već bilo počinjenih pobačaja. Uz uvod i zaključak u članku je ponajprije izložen teorijski okvir o odnosu prema pobačaju u svijetu i kod nas, zatim su opisane i obrazložene poduzete terapijske intervencije, te je konačno predstavljena manje poznata tehnika liječenja unutarnjega djeteta iz studija slučaja i raspravu.
Settler-Neoliberalism: Tom Flanagan and Friedrich Hayek on the Prairies
Authors: Penner Mack
Published: November 2023

After encountering the writings of neoliberal economist Friedrich Hayek in the late 1970s, the political scientist Tom Flanagan became one of the most well-known Hayekians in Canada. Over the course of a career devoted mainly to the study of Louis Riel, Metis history, and the policies of Canadian settler colonialism, Flanagan developed a particular kind of “settler-neoliberalism.” This article takes a broad view of Flanagan’s intellectual development in order to show that, once Flanagan is situated transnationally in the appropriate intellectual currents, his work stands out and represents the most thoroughgoing effort, if not the only one, to deploy neoliberal ideas systematically in the service, or the defence, of a settler-colonial project. By examining the ways in which neoliberal ideas enabled Flanagan’s defence of settler colonialism, this article concludes ultimately that neoliberalism has been a collaborative companion to the Canadian settler-colonial project.
The Ethical Mandate of Fertility Preservation Coverage for Transgender and Gender Diverse Individuals
Authors: Kyweluk Moira , Fiester Autumn
Published: November 2023

For individuals pursuing medically assisted gender transition, gender-affirming surgical treatments, such as oophorectomy (removal of the ovaries) and orchiectomy (removal of the testicles), cause sterility, and gender-affirming hormone treatment with medications (i.e., testosterone and estrogen) may negatively impact infertility. The major United States (US) medical associations already endorse fertility preservation (FP) through cryopreservation (i.e., “freezing” egg and sperm) for transgender individuals. Despite these endorsements from the relevant medical societies, medical insurance coverage for FP remains very limited in the US. Given the high out-of-pocket costs for FP services, fertility preservation remains financially out of reach for many transgender individuals who may desire it. We present an ethical justification for universal FP coverage for all transgender and gender diverse (TGD) individuals who request this option during medically assisted gender transition. First, we argue that gender-affirming medical care is analogous to other medical interventions and treatment regimens that compromise fertility, such as cancer care, and that both types of interventions need to be afforded the same medical benefits and assistance in pursuing fertility goals. Second, we argue that the lack of FP for transgender individuals contributes to the ongoing and profound transphobia and anti-trans bias that has been exacerbated in the past several years across the healthcare landscape in the United States. We argue that the provision of FP coverage for transgender individuals is necessary for clinicians and third-party payers to state their unequivocal support for TGD patients and their healthcare needs.
The Responsibility Objection to Thomson Re-imagined: What If Men Were Held to a Parallel Standard?
Authors: Toscano Vicki
Published: November 2023

This article focuses on a resonant debate initiated by the publication of Judith Jarvis Thomson’s groundbreaking article “On Defense of Abortion” in 1971. It is my contention that philosophers who argued against Thomson based on what has come to be called the “Responsibility Objection” did not fully examine the gender assumptions embedded in their logic. Rather than attempt to prove the flaw in the Responsibility Objection directly, I demonstrate it by applying the same logic used to discuss women’s responsibilities to men to prove that it also supports forcing men to get a vasectomy. What I show is that the Responsibility Objection, when no longer clothed in a set of gendered assumptions, is not logically convincing. Further, given that the Responsibility Objection supports the logic the U.S. Supreme Court recently relied on in Dobbs vs. Jackson Women’s Health in overruling Roe vs. Wade, the examination of the flaws in this logic is timely and important.