bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Memahami Dinamika Bekerja dalam Ketidakpastian: Tinjauan Fenomenologis Pengalaman Bekerja Pengemudi Ojek Online
Authors: Perwira Luqman Tifa , Hidayat Muhammad
Published: January 2021

Employees of high technology company often facing rapid and unpredictable changes. This qualitative research aims to explore further how workers with high uncertainty working environment develop their strategies to be survived in this kind of environment. Online ojek driver works in high uncertainty environment where they have no clear employment status. The technology company who employs them only see them as a business partner which their relationship with the company could be terminated anytime. This qualitative research is conducted with phenomenological approach. Six ojek online driver respondents were chosen with minimum criteria: has been working in this field minimum 1 year, play a role as the main income earner in the family, and has the main job as online motor driver. Through a qualitative method with phenomenological approach, data analyzed by data reduction process resulted in five main themes: environmental uncertainty, task identity, values, strategy, and hope and themes of strategy to overcome those work situations and nature. Then the researcher developed an essential description or comprehensive construction about the meaning and the essence of the subjects’ experiences.
Self-Efficacy, Social Support, Academic Flow, and Math Anxiety among Islamic Senior High School Students
Authors: Herawati Mutia , Muhid Abdul , Hamdani Asep Saepul
Published: January 2021

Math anxiety is a crucial problem experienced by almost all students. Due to the math anxiety affects the decreasing of mathematics achievement, many educators and researchers focused to overcome the math anxiety. The purpose of this study is to empirically examine the effects of math self-efficacy, social support, and academic flow on math anxiety. This research used a quantitative approach, by using psychological scales survey as a data collection. The participants of this study were 167 students which were collected using quota sampling technique at two high schools. The results show that there was a simultaneous significant negative effect of math self-efficacy, social support, and academic flow toward math anxiety. In addition, the partial analysis shows that there is no significant effect between math self-efficacy and math anxiety. While social support and academic flow have a significant effect on math anxiety. Thus, social support and academic flow can be used as strong predictors of math anxiety.
Analisis Faktor Eksploratori dan Konfirmatori untuk Validasi Skala Lingkungan Makan Terstruktur pada Ibu Bekerja
Authors: Rifani Rohmah , Suryanto Suryanto , Suminar Dewi Retno
Published: January 2021

This study aims to develop and validate the construct of structured meals environment scale. The method used was a cross-sectional survey. The participants were working mothers with early-aged children. The structured meals environment scale used Likert scale which consists of three dimensions: structured meals setting, structured meals timing, and family meals setting. The results of EFA (N = 302) showed that the scale explains the construct of a structured meals environment was 63.98%. The results of CFA (N = 202) showed that the goodness of fit model was acceptable. Factors loading > .5 (.503 - .819) shows the items are valid. Discriminant validity (AVE) moves from .482 - .577 with construct reliability > .7 (.760 - .802). Structured meals environment scale has met the psychometric property test so that the scale is proper to be used.
Nutrient sensing and cAMP signaling in yeast: G-protein coupled receptor versus transceptor activation of PKA
Authors: Van Zeebroeck Griet , Demuyser Liesbeth , Zhang Zhiqiang , Cottignie Ines , Thevelein Johan M.
Published: January 2021

A major signal transduction pathway regulating cell growth and many associated physiological properties as a function of nutrient availability in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is the protein kinase A (PKA) pathway. Glucose activation of PKA is mediated by G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) Gpr1, and secondary messenger cAMP. Other nutrients, including nitrogen, phosphate and sulfate, activate PKA in accordingly-starved cells through nutrient transceptors, but apparently without cAMP signaling. We have now used an optimized EPAC-based fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) sensor to precisely monitor in vivo cAMP levels after nutrient addition. We show that GPCR-mediated glucose activation of PKA is correlated with a rapid transient increase in the cAMP level in vivo, whereas nutrient transceptor-mediated activation by nitrogen, phosphate or sulfate, is not associated with any significant increase in cAMP in vivo. We also demonstrate direct physical interaction between the Gap1 amino acid transceptor and the catalytic subunits of PKA, Tpk1, 2 and 3. In addition, we reveal a conserved consensus motif in the nutrient transceptors that is also present in Bcy1, the regulatory subunit of PKA. This suggests that nutrient transceptor activation of PKA may be mediated by direct release of bound PKA catalytic subunits, triggered by the conformational changes occurring during transport of the substrate by the transceptor. Our results support a model in which nutrient transceptors are evolutionary ancestors of GPCRs, employing a more primitive direct signaling mechanism compared to the indirect cAMP second-messenger signaling mechanism used by GPCRs for activation of PKA.
Yeni Ahit’te ve Kur’an’da İsa’nın Doğumuna Mukayeseli Bir Yaklaşım
Authors: İSLAM Hasan Hüseyin
Published: January 2021

Bütün semâvî dinlerde bulunan iman esaslarının en önemlilerinden birisi, peygamberlere imandır. Kutsal kitapların hepsinde de geçmiş peygamberlerden ve yaşadıkları tecrübelerden bahsedilmektedir. Kur’an’a göre bu peygamberlerden birisi de İsa (as)’dır. Tevrat’ta ismi geçmeyen İsa (as), Yahudiler tarafından peygamber olarak kabul edilmemektedir. İncillerde ise İsa (as)’nın, Tanrı’nın oğlu olduğu bildirilmekte, Kur’an’a göre ise Allah (cc)’ın bir peygamberi olduğu belirtilmektedir. Üç dinin aslı bir olduğu halde karşımıza üç dinin anlayışına göre üç farklı tanım çıkmaktadır. Bunlar: a) İsa, peygamber değildir. b) İsa, Tanrı’nın Oğlu Tanrı’dır. c) İsa, Allah (cc)’ın kulu ve peygamberidir. Bu farklı tanımların en önemli sebebi ise üç semâvî dinin (Yahudilik, Hıristiyanlık ve İslam) kutsal kitaplarında verilen bilgilerdir. Buna göre Yeni Ahit’te İsa’nın doğumu ile ilgili verilen bilgiler, onun Tanrı’nın oğlu olduğu inancının temelini oluşturmaktadır. Çünkü bu araştırmaya konu olan İsa (as), sıradan bir şahsiyet değildir. Nitekim çalışmanın özü olan Hz. İsa milyonlarca Hıristiyan’ın gözünde sıradan bir insan/beşer değil, “beşer-üstü” bir mükemmellik, tanrısal bir varlık hatta “Tanrı’nın Oğlu’dur”. Hiç kuşkusuz bu konu, iki din (Hıristiyanlık ve İslam) arasındaki temel bir ayrımın altını çizmektedir. Biz bu çalışmamızda bu durumun açıklığa kavuşması için Yeni Ahit’te İsa’nın doğumu ile ilgili verilen bilgilerin Kur’an’da verilen bilgilerle ne kadar uyuşup uyuşmadığını mukayeseli bir şekilde ele alarak ortaya koymaya çalıştık.
A new carnivorous sponge (Porifera) from the Coral Sea
Authors:   Queensland Museum, Ekins Merrick , Horowitz Jeremy , Beaman Robin , Hooper John ,   Griffith University,   James Cook University
Published: January 2021

A new species of carnivorous sponge, Lycopodina coralseaensis sp. nov., family Cladorhizidae, is described from the Louisiade Plateau, Coral Sea, off the east coast of Australia at bathyal depths of ~2000 m, collected during the RV Investigator 2019 voyage. The new species differs from other Lycopodina with stipitate morphology by lacking forceps microscleres, similar to L. nikitawimandi Ekins et al., 2020a but differing in having only a very small single size class of palmate anisochelae, and most importantly by having a third category of mycalostyle echinating the stem and basal holdfast. This new species is the sixth Lycopodina recently described as new from the Australian Exclusive Economic Zone (L. nikitawimandi, L. helios, L. cassida, L. brochidodroma and L. hystrix), bringing the total number of carnivorous sponges known so far from Australia to 26.
Adam Small (75)
Authors: Willemse Hein , Van Wyk Steward
Published: January 2021

Adam Small het op 21 Desember 2011 sy vyf-en-sewentigste verjaardag gevier. Ter afwagting van hierdie geleentheid het die Departement Afrikaans en Nederlands aan die Universiteit van Wes-Kaapland (UWK) in samewerking met Tydskrif vir Letterkunde ’n simposium met die titel “Adam Small: sy lewe en werk” op Vrydag, 7 Oktober 2011 aangebied. In die loop van sy lewe as ’n skrywer en akademikus was Small aan beide die UWK en Tydskrif vir Letterkunde verbonde. Die universiteit is in 1960 te midde van groot politieke omstredenheid opgerig en Small was aanvanklik die enigste swart lektor. In 1973 bedank hy sy pos as senior lektor in Wysbegeerte in simpatie met studente-eise vir ’n aanneemliker onderrigbedeling op die UWK-kampus. In 1984 keer hy terug as professor en hoof van die Departement Maatskaplike Werk. Twaalf jaar later tree hy uit die diens. Sy verbondenheid aan Tydskrif vir Letterkunde in die vroeë 1960s was van korte duur. Saam met ’n aantal jonger Afrikaanse skrywers wat later as die Sestigers bekend sou staan, was hy deel van ’n nuwe redaksie wat ’n vars benadering in die oudste Afrikaanse literêre tydskrif wou blaas. Persoonlikheidsgeskille met die ouer garde van Tydskrif het egter daarvoor gesorg dat die voorgenome samewerking slegs een uitgawe sou duur. Met hierdie historiese verbintenisse is dit gepas dat die Small-simposium op die kampus van die UWK plaasgevind het en dat die voordragte in Tydskrif vir Letterkunde gepubliseer word.
Strategies to Motivate Children to Engage in Leisure Reading: Qualitative Insights from Nigerian Children
Authors: Awah Isang U.
Published: January 2021

Some research done in the Western world indicates that children’s reading engagement is affected by certain factors and that children can be impacted in such a way that they will choose to engage in leisure reading. This paper, which arises from a study that explored the reading habits of a group of 9-12-year-olds in a book club in Nigeria, examines the factors that affected the reading engagement of the participants and suggests evidence-based strategies that could motivate children to engage in leisure reading. Through an interpretivist theoretical perspective, the study gathered data using the methods of collage making, observation, questionnaire, and interviews, and analysed them through inductive thematic analysis. Findings indicate that the participants read for pleasure, though their level of reading engagement differed. Findings also reveal that the reading engagement of all the participants may have been, in varying degrees, influenced by different factors such as the pedagogy of reading, access to reading materials, the reading environment, and the availability of social networks that support leisure reading. Insights from the study could guide on practices that strengthen children’s engagement in leisure reading.
The Use of Oral Motor Exercises among Speech Language Pathologists in Jordan
Authors: Kamal Sana M.
Published: January 2021

The paper aims to study the Speech Language Pathologists (SLPs) use of oral motor exercises (OMEs) with patients who present with speech disorders.  It also assesses the nature and kind of exercises used by these (SLPs). Furthermore, it compares the outcome with other studies targeted oral motor exercises. A conventional sample of 75 (SLPs) in Jordan was handed a survey to fill and (50) participants (67%) completed and returned the surveys. The (SLPs) work in different treatment settings: (clinics, speech centers, universities, and private practice), and they have B.S, M.A., or Ph.D. degree, in Speech and Language Pathology. The (SLPs) experience ranged from two years to twenty years. Results showed that 74% of (SLPs) use (OMEs), which is a very high percentage. The choice of using oral motor exercises was not affected by the level of education or the years of experience. As for the nature of exercises, tongue exercises were used by the majority of (SLPs). Based on the results, it seems that most of the recent studies do not support the use of oral motor exercises.  However, more effort is needed in research in order to give a solid proof of the importance/ no value of (OMEs). (SLPs) need studies that are proved clinically by tracking cases in details.
Movie Subtitle Translation from the Perspective of the Three-dimensional Transformations of Eco-translatology: A Case Study of the English Subtitle of Lost in Russia
Authors: Zhang Tianhui
Published: January 2021

Eco-Translatology, a new eco-translation paradigm, is put forward by Chinese Professor Gengshen Hu and has been gaining popularity in recent years. Guided by the eco-translatology theory, the study analyzes the adaptive strategies that translators used in the English subtitle of Lost in Russia from the following dimensions: language, culture and communication. And the analysis sheds some light on subtitle translation and helps subtitle translators better apply eco-translatology to produce a well-received English version.
A Tentative Study on Thomas Hardy’s Fatalism in The Return of the Native
Authors: Zhao Xue
Published: January 2021

Thomas Hardy, the most influential novelist in British literature is famous for the pessimism and fatalism in his works. This paper mainly discusses the characters in The Return of the Native to probe into Hardy’s fatalism through his keen observation and skillful writing of the description of the tragedy. Instead of the overwhelming pessimism, the author also sheds a hope for the human beings.
Levels of Integrating the ASSURE Model in Lesson Delivery of Selected Primary School Teachers in Nigeria
Authors: Adedapo Adeyemi , Opoola Bolanle T.
Published: January 2021

Scholars are aware of the fact that there have been many instances of teaching with no learning. One plausible reason for learning not to have taken place is when a teacher fails to design and creates conducive learning environments where changes in psychomotor, cognitive and affective behaviours can be accomplished effectively. But this can be corrected using the ASSURE model. Thus, the ASSURE model was investigated in this study as a method of lesson delivery to assess how far primary school teachers have gone in analyzing learners' characteristics, stating lesson objectives and utilizing instructional media. Three research questions guided the study. Fifty primary school teachers were purposively sampled and responded to a questionnaire during the 2016 FGN-UBEC/OYO-SUBEB Teacher Professional Development Capacity Building workshop.  An appraisal of the sit-in-observations of this workshop shows the need for assessing the use of integrating the ASSURE model in lesson delivery. Results show that primary school teachers were below the average in terms of analyzing their pupils’ characteristics before beginning their lessons and slightly above averages in the areas of systematically defining the lesson objectives and utilization of instructional media. It is recommended that the FGN-UBEC/OYO-SUBEB Teacher Professional Development Capacity Building workshops be extended to all categories of teachers in the UBEC scheme to update their knowledge to ensure effective teaching and learning situations.
A Longitudinal Investigation into the Chinese Language Development of Non-Chinese Speaking Preschoolers in Hong Kong
Authors: Tse Shek Kam , Leung Cheong Yam , Tsui Pik Fong , Chan Kit Yee , Kwok Mei Chi
Published: January 2021

Learning Chinese as a second language is challenging for non-Chinese speaking population in Hong Kong. In order to facilitate the Chinese learning of this group of people, understanding their trajectory of Chinese language development is crucial. The present longitudinal study follows 88 non-Chinese speaking preschoolers in 4 time points, from their K1 to K3, in order to have a grasp of their Chinese language development in three key aspects, namely listening, speaking and reading. Results showed that non-Chinese speaking preschoolers progressed their Chinese language proficiency over time in the three domains, whereas their listening abilities have the best advancement. Though their speaking abilities were the worst at the beginning, they had significant improvement by the end of their K3. The qualitative data provides descriptors of the Chinese language proficiency of non-Chinese speaking preschoolers in different grades. The study’s findings serve as a valuable reference for schools regarding school-based curriculum development, learning and teaching materials, approaches and assessments.
Analysis of Metaphor Translation from the Perspective of Relevance Theory—A Case Study of the Translation of Metaphor in Fortress Besieged
Authors: Xia Mengzhu
Published: January 2021

Fortress Besieged is a unique satirical novel in the history of Chinese contemporary literature. It is deeply loved by readers at home and abroad for its humorous and refined language. There are abundant Chinese metaphors in the novel, so it is of certain significance to explore the translation of metaphors for the cultural exchanges between China and the West. Taking the English translation of Fortress Besieged as the research subject, this paper explores how to translate metaphor in novel from the perspective of relevance theory. It is found that the translator adopts the following methods in dealing with metaphor translation: retaining the original metaphor image, transforming the original metaphor image, retaining the original metaphor image and annotating it, explaining or omitting the original metaphor image.
A Critical Discourse Analysis of an Editorial Article (The Audience Affecting the Writer's Ideology and Lexical Choice)
Authors: Al-Marayat Sanaa Hssni
Published: January 2021

This paper reports on the findings of how the status of the audience affects the discourse of the writer in terms of the lexical choice and ideology. The data are elicited through a questionnaire that consists of (11) questions represent lexical choice and ideology. Analysis of the data suggests that there is a great support and satisfaction about the ideology of the editor more than some of the lexical choice questions. In addition, the editor was somewhat successful in reflecting what the audience thinks of. The study concludes with some implications and recommendations in the field of discourse analysis.
An Analysis of Errors in English Essays Written by Thai Non-English Major Students
Authors: Suraprajit Prathomwat
Published: January 2021

Writing is one of the vital skills for EFL learners. However, they still face some difficulties while processing a task. The present study aimed to analyze the errors that occurred on sixty English essays made by Thai University non-English major students who enrolled in the fundamental English course. The Surface Strategy Taxonomy (Dulay, Burt, & Krashen, 1982) was adopted to explore the errors of omission, addition, misformation, and misordering together with those that were excluded in the taxonomy. According to the framework of Surface Strategy Taxonomy, the findings revealed the most common errors involving omission of articles, followed by the addition of the preposition, the omission of the preposition, the omission of the subject, and misformation of subject pronoun, respectively. Then, according to the errors which were out of the stated taxonomy, the errors in subject-verb agreement were the highest detected error, followed by tense errors, ambiguous sentences, a direct translation from L1 to L2, misformation of object pronoun, misformation of using an adjective as the main verb, the addition of verb to be, and addition of conjunction, respectively. By investigating the errors in foreign language writing, the results would trigger foreign language learners to aware of the error of English writing that might occur. And the benefit also goes to the pedagogy in developing the teaching materials together with teaching strategies.
The Pedagogy of Corpus-aided English-Chinese Translation from a Critical & Creative Perspective
Authors: Meng Qingliang
Published: January 2021

With the advancement of corpus linguistics, there has been an increasing interest in using corpora as a tool for translator training and translation practice. Despite the usefulness of corpora in translation pedagogy, the more and more reliance on parallel corpora in translating activities has diminished the ability to determine the meaning of words within different contexts using dictionaries. However, it has hampered the enhancement of translation competence of trainee translators. This study investigates the necessity of adopting critical and creative thinking in the teaching of corpus-aided English-Chinese translation. It first examines the increasing importance of corpora in aiding translator training and translating practice. A critical analysis was adopted to analyze a translation case using a parallel corpus. Thirteen Chinese versions of Pride and Prejudice's opening remark were compared and analyzed critically and creatively with the aid of different corpora. Pedagogical implications for translation teaching were summarized.
A Cognitive Study of the NP+de(的)+VP Structure in Mandarin
Authors: Li Linze
Published: January 2021

The article presents a cognitive account of the NP+de(的) +VP structure in Mandarin. By making its syntactic functions and cognitive motivations explicit, it shows that the relationship between the constituents of the structure is subject-predicate rather than modifier-head as claimed by previous studies. Based on the new proposals that the structure is exocentric and the particle de is a nominalizing infix, the article offers a possible solution for the long-debated contradiction between the overall nominal functions of the structure and its constituents’ verbal part of speech. We conclude that a cognitive linguistic approach to analyzing structures in Mandarin can be useful in producing a picture of the formation of the structures and revealing how they are cognitively motivated. This study contributes to the development of cognitive studies on Chinese grammar and sheds light on Chinese language instruction in the long run.
Investigation into Improvement of Teacher Autonomy and Student Autonomy through Collaborative Action Research
Authors: Guan Lina
Published: January 2021

Teacher autonomy and student autonomy are interrelated and can’t be divided. Collaborative action research can improve EFL teachers’ professional development; renew their conception about the collaboration and change their fixed conception about teaching and learning.
The Confrontation between Desire and Morality: A Study of the Freudian Tendency in Sister Carrie
Authors: Zhao Xue , Zhang Liang
Published: January 2021

Theodore Dreiser’s Sister Carrie (1900) suffered sharp criticism at the very moment of their appearance. Most critics and readers pointed out he depicted something amoral, especially on sexual amorality. Yet, with the development of feminism, a few years later Sister Carrie was appraised as the model of ‘new woman’ of the late 19th century. In the light of Freudian thought, the paper will not only draw attention to the confrontation between desire and morality but also to the effects of human inner mind in the external world in attempt to explore the permanent factors that influence human’s actions.
EDUCATION LEVEL IS A FACTOR THAT DETERMINES AND AFFECTS THE SUPPORTIVE TREATMENT METHOD IN INFERTILITY
Authors: TOK Abdullah , YILDIZ Birsen , ŞAHMAY Sezai
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACT
Objective: İn this study, we planned to investigate the view of community to the supportive treatment methods and use of them according to the educational level.
Material method; it is a cross-sectional survey survey involving 300 patients of different ages, socio-economic levels and demographics who applied to infertility outpatient clinic.
Results; most of the participants were between the ages of 20-30 and the majority of the illiterates had no information on support treatment, but they received the most information from the doctors. We found that as the level of education increases, the level of knowledge increases, and the level of learning from doctors as well as the internet, media and communication tools increases. The use of onion juice, chaste grass, ginger, karabas grass decreased as the level of education increased, while the use of probiotics and aloe-vera increased as the level of education increased proportionally. Manipulative and body-based treatments (massage, etc.), body-mind therapy( hypnosis, relaxation, etc.) as supportive treatment methods were found to increase as the level of education increased proportionally.
Conclusion;We have concluded that infertile patients feel the need to seek support treatments as well as medical treatment, and that, when deciding which treatment to choose, the near environment, relatives are effective in those with low education levels, and the internet and mass media are more used as education levels increase
Constrained optimization of line-start PM motor based on the gray wolf optimizer
Authors: Knypińskia Łukasz
Published: January 2021

This paper presents the algorithm and computer software for constrained optimization based
on the gray wolf algorithm. The gray wolf algorithm was combined with the external penalty
function approach. The optimization procedure was developed using Borland Delphi 7.0.
The developed procedure was then applied to design of a line-start PM synchronous motor.
The motor was described by three design variables which determine the rotor structure. The
multiplicative compromise function consisted of three maintenance parameters of designed
motor and one non-linear constraint function was proposed. Next, the result obtained for
the developed procedure (together with the gray wolf algorithm) was compared with results
obtained using: (a) the particle swarm optimization algorithm, (b) the bat algorithm and
(c) the genetic algorithm. The developed optimization algorithm is characterized by good
convergence, robustness and reliability. Selected results of the computer simulation are presented and discussed.
Alarms management by supervisory control and data acquisition system for wind turbines
Authors: Ramirez Isaac , Mohammadi-Ivatloob Behnam , Márqueza Fausto
Published: January 2021

Wind energy is one of the most relevant renewable energy. A proper wind turbine maintenance management is required to ensure continuous operation and optimized maintenance
costs. Larger wind turbines are being installed and they require new monitoring systems to
ensure optimization, reliability and availability. Advanced analytics are employed to analyze
the data and reduce false alarms, avoiding unplanned downtimes and increasing costs. Supervisory control and data acquisition system determines the condition of the wind turbine
providing large dataset with different signals and alarms. This paper presents a new approach
combining statistical analysis and advanced algorithm for signal processing, fault detection
and diagnosis. Principal component analysis and artificial neural networks are employed to
evaluate the signals and detect the alarm activation pattern. The dataset has been reduced
by 93% and the performance of the neural network is incremented by 1000% in comparison
with the performance of original dataset without filtering process.
Planning and management of aircraft maintenance using a genetic algorithm
Authors: Kowalski Mirosław , Izdebski Mariusz , Żak Jolanta , Gołda Paweł , Manerowski Jerzy
Published: January 2021

The aim of the article was to develop a tool to support the process of planning and managing aircraft (ac) maintenance. Aircraft maintenance management has been presented for scheduled technical inspections resulting from manufacturers’ technical documentation for ac. The authors defined the problem under investigation in the form of a four-phase decisionmaking process taking into account assignment of aircraft to airports and maintenance stations, assignment of crew to maintenance points, setting the schedules, i.e. working days on which aircraft are directed to maintenance facilities. This approach to the planning and management of aircraft maintenance is a new approach, unprecedented in the literature. The authors have developed a mathematical model for aircraft maintenance planning and management in a multi-criteria approach and an optimisation tool based on the operation of a genetic algorithm. To solve the problem, a genetic algorithm was proposed. The individual steps of the algorithm construction were discussed and its effectiveness was verified using real data.
Selection of vehicles for fleet of transport company on the basis of observation of their operational reliability
Authors: Dziubak Tadeusz , Wysocki Tadeusz , Dziubak Sebastian
Published: January 2021

The exploitation reliability of the contemporary light commercial vehicles of four makes is
subject to a quantitative analysis in the article. The issue concerning the quantitative evaluation of the operational reliability of the fleet of the commercial vehicles in the transport
company and their selection for this fleet is not very numerously described in the literature.
For the purposes of evaluating the operational reliability, results of monitoring failures of
115 vehicles during their several years of exploitation in the similar conditions in the urban
area and its surroundings were used. A proposed test method uses the relative quantitative measures of the operational reliability indices targeted at the mileage of vehicles and
frequency of the failures. The aforementioned enabled to identify the make of the vehicles,
which during exploitation was characterized by the lowest failure frequency and thus reliability. This, in turn, allowed for a favorable selection of the vehicles within the next years
of the operation of the company. The results of the study confirmed the possibility of using
the proposed method to evaluate the operational reliability of the commercial vehicles in
any transport company
Identification of safety hazards and operating conditions of the low-floor tram with independently rotating wheels with various drive control algorithms
Authors: Konowrocki Robert , Kalinowski Dariusz , Szolc Tomasz , Marczewski Artur
Published: January 2021

The aim of the article is to develop a method for the analysis of tram dynamics related to
safety during operation. To achieve this, a mathematical model of the vehicle represented
by a multibody simulation MBS system is used. Models of tram with a classic and innovative drive, based on a system of independently rotating wheels on crank axles are analyzed.
A new configuration of an innovative drive control of the considered vehicle with the use
of braking of independent wheels is proposed. A new geometry of test track is presented.
During numerical investigation the values of ‘Y’ leading forces of tram wheels with the considered innovative drive proved to be lower than in the corresponding vehicle with standard
wheelsets. It has been demonstrated that the active control systems are of key importance
and should be applied in such innovative tram drives.
Application of enhanced methods for safety assessment of FADEC
Authors: Hlinka Jiri , Kostial Rostislav , Horpatzka Michaela
Published: January 2021

The paper deals with safety and reliability assessment as an integral part of the development
process for modern aviation products with potentially critical functions. Focus is on digital
engine control units, their development process and tools offering potential savings in otherwise time demanding and expensive safety assessment processes. The paper shows application of several approaches, which together form an innovative way for safety assessment
of aerospace products (otherwise strictly limited by regulation procedures). It is focused
on practical ways towards reduction of development costs during safety assessment, which
do not compromise its comprehensiveness. Described approaches are based on experience
from development of numerous aerospace products in last nearly 20 years. As an addition,
possibility to further enhance the proposed innovative effect classification by application of
FMECA was shown. Possible methods for quantitative assessment using Fuzzy logic and/or
multiple-criteria decision analysis were discussed.
A combined universal generating function and physics of failure Reliability Prediction Method for an LED driver
Authors: Fan Liming , Wang Kunsheng , Fan Dongming
Published: January 2021

The accurate and effective reliability prediction of light emitting diode (LED) drivers has
emerged as a key issue in LED applications. However, previous studies have mainly focused
on the reliability of electrolytic capacitors or other single components while ignoring circuit
topology. In this study, universal generating function (UGF) and physics of failure (PoF)
are integrated to predict the reliability of LED drivers. Utilizing PoF, lifetime data for each
component are obtained. A system reliability model with multi-phase is established, and
system reliability can be predicted using UGF. Illustrated by a two-channel LED driver, the
beneficial effects of capacitors and MOSFETs for the reliability of LED drivers is verified.
This study (i) provides a universal numerical approach to predict the lifetime of LED drivers considering circuit topology, (ii) enhances the modelling and reliability evaluation of
circuits, and (iii) bridges the gap between component and circuit system levels.
On the question of the peripheral innervation of the rectum. Critical and experimental research
Authors: Vishnevskiy A. V.
Published: January 2021

All experiments were made by you 56. Of these, 10 experiments with negative pressure, 8 experiments with double registration (according to Courtade and Guyon` y), 15 with simultaneous registration of three bowel sections (colonis, recti and sphinct. Inter.), 4 experiments with irritation spinal roots, 2 experiments for examining the external sphincter. The remaining 17 embrace the usual experiments of investigating the movements of the recti under the influence of the irritated intestinal nerves according to the method indicated by us in the beginning of our work; this also included 5 experiments with combined irritations n. erigentis and n. hypogastrici.
Ob changes in temperature with progressive paralysis of the mad
Authors: Sorokovikov G. V.
Published: January 2021

Before embarking on my direct task, the presentation of the study of temperature in case of progressive paralysis of the inhibited, I consider it necessary to cast a quick glance at the past of this disease, at the gradual development of the study of the essence of the process underlying the basis, and the reasons for it.
Paul Maussire. On the need to isolate tuberculosis patients in insane asylums. Lion's thesis. 1902
Authors: Toporkov N.
Published: January 2021

The author's dissertation, which contains 62 pages, is divided into 3 chapters. The important practical significance of the issue to which this work is devoted gives me the right to present it in more or less detail.
The points of view and the facts of the psychophysical method. By G. E Müller Wiesbaden. 1904. p. 244
Authors: Aykhenvald L.
Published: January 2021

Releasing his work in light, the author set himself the goal of collecting and combining, as far as possible, all theories and foundations of psychophysical methodology, which existed and are being born since Fechner. Not a little attention is paid by the author to bringing in more or less harmonious system of literary sources.
† V.I.Vasiliev
Authors: Vorotynskiy B.
Published: January 2021

On September 29, Vasily Ivanovich Vasilyev, assistant to the director of the Intercession Psychiatric Hospital of the Moscow Provincial Zemstvo, died in Yalta. The late graduated from the course of medical sciences at Kazan University in 1886. At the end of the course, for two years he was an intern at the Psychiatric Clinic of Kazan University, which was then supervised by prof. V.M.Bekhterev.
Chronicle of the society of neuropathologists and psychiatrists at the imperial Kazan University. Protocol of the next meeting of the society on January 9, 1904
Authors: Myslavsky N. A.
Published: January 2021

It was chaired by prof. Mislavsky, under the secretary of V. N. Obraztsov. There were current members Levchatkin, Skuridin, Sorokovikov. Boldyrev, Skolozubov, Donskov, Tsaregradskiy and about 30 people.
Chronicle of the society of neuropathologists and psychiatrists at the imperial Kazan University. Protocol of the annual meeting of the Society on January 25, 1904
Authors: Myslavsky N. A.
Published: January 2021

It was chaired by prof. N. A. Mislavsky, under the secretary V. N. Obraztsov. Attended; honorary members of the Society, prof. K. A. Arnshtein and I. M. Dogel. Action. members. V.S.Boldyrev, A.F. Geberg. N. A. Donskov, G. A. Klyachkin, prof. P. I. Kovalevskiy, V. I. Levchatkin, R. A. Luriya I. I. Naumov, K. Kh. Orlov, I. A. Pavlenko, prof. I. A. Praksin, prof. V. I. Razumovskiy, A. D. Skolozubov, P. S. Skuridin. G. V. Sorokovinov, D. A. Timofeev, H. N. Toporkov, many doctors, prof. University and full assembly hall of the public.
The therapeutic value of hemorrhages in the suffering of the nervous system
Authors: Sobolevsky A. V.
Published: January 2021

There are several contradictory indications about the blood filling of the brain. A. priori, indeed, one can expect bloodlessness of all organs due to rapid blood loss, but many facts make such an expectation premature, unproven, unproven, notes Yu. Chudnovsky and cites the case of prof. Maschka.
A. Péckin and M. Rollin. Ophthalmoplegia and arteriosclerosis. Revue Neurol. 1903, pp. 256
Authors: Yanishevskiy A. E.
Published: January 2021

The authors describe a case where a patient suffering from syphilis and tabes had complete ophthalmoplegia and atrophy n during his lifetime. optici on the left eye, incomplete ptosis and paralysis of the upper part of the right eye.
K. Abraham. Ueber Versuche mit “Veronal” bei Erregungszuständen der Paralytiker. (Centralblatt für Nervenheilkunde und Psychiatrie, 15 Marz 1904). Observation of the action of "veronal" in paralytics in the state of excitement
Authors: Boldyrev B.
Published: January 2021

The author undertook observation of the action of Veronal in the Dalldorf hospital, near Berlin, for paralytics, among whom there were many restless and suffering from sleep disorders. Before that, in cases of insomnia, they came to the trional in hospitals and only when some patients did not succumb to his influence (which happens with any hypnoticum), they had to use other hypnotics. Since, with prolonged use of trional, its action weakens, and it tastes bitter, then, naturally, the ever-present desire of doctors was to find such a remedy that would be devoid of these negative qualities, and most importantly, would not have strong toxic properties.
Prof. Devic and Louis Gallavardin. On a remarkable case of post-hemiplegic contracture. (Neurological journal 1903)
Authors: Kagan S.
Published: January 2021

The author cites the following clinical observation: Left hemiplegia developed in 8-10 hours without loss of consciousness. During the work, the subject of 65 years felt a feeling in his left hand without pain and without loss of consciousness, the left leg was almost completely paralyzed. At night, terrible pains in the legs, the limb itself in flexion contracture, the left hand in the state of lax paralysis.
The history of the society of neuropathologists and psychiatrists at the Imperial Kazan University. Protocol of the meeting of the Society on February 29, 1904
Authors: Kovalevskiy P. I.
Published: January 2021

It was chaired by prof. P. I. Kovalevskiy, under the secretary V. N. Obraztsov. Attended by: comrade-chairman prof. N. A. Mislavskiy, members: Skuridin, Levchatkats, Sorokovikov, Skolozubov, Pavlenko, Pervushin, Zaitsev, Tonorkov, outside doctors and people of 30-40 public.
Non-spesifik kronik bel ağrılı hastalarda aerobik egzersiz programının etkisi
Authors: TEKİN Volkan , AKÇAY Şeniz , ŞENGÜL İlker , KAYA Taciser , GOKSEL KARATEPE Altınay
Published: January 2021

Amaç: Egzersiz tedavisi, kronik non-spesifik bel ağrısı (NSKBA) tanısı alan hastalarda en yaygın önerilen tedavi şeklidir. Ancak bir egzersiz yönteminin başka bir egzersiz yöntemine üstün olup olmadığı tartışmalıdır.

Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu çalışmada NSKBA olan hastalar deney grubu (gözetimli aerobik egzersiz + ev egzersizi) ve kontrol grubu (sadece ev egzersizi) olmak üzere iki gruba randomize edildi. Hastalar tedavi öncesi, tedavi bitimi ve tedavi bitiminden üç ay sonra ağrı şiddeti, spinal mobilite, lomber ektansör kas dayanıklılığı, depresif semptom varlığı ve şiddeti, özürlülük ve yaşam kalitesi bakımından değerlendirildi.

Bulgular: Deney grubunda tüm değerlendirmelerde anlamlı düzelme saptanırken kontrol grubunda, ağrı, spinal mobilite ve yaşam kalitesinin fiziksel komponentinde anlamlı düzelme saptandı. Kontrol grubuna göre, deney grubunda değerlendirme parametrelerinde zamanla meydana gelen olumlu değişim anlamlı olarak daha yüksekti.

Sonuç: Aerobik egzersiz, NSKBA olan hastaların yetersizliklerinin düzeltmesine, aktivite düzeylerinin ve katılım düzeylerinin arttırılmasına katkı sağlayabilir. Ancak hangi aerobik egzersiz tipinin (sıklığının, süresinin ve yoğunluğunun) daha etkili olduğuna yönelik çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır.
Colorectal cancer patients' experiences with cancer life and medical care
Authors: ÇAVUŞOĞLU Figen , AYDIN AVCI İlknur , ÇAL Ayşe
Published: January 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to reveal experiences deal with medical care and living with cancer of Turkish colorectal cancer patients.

Materials and Methods: This study used a qualitative descriptive approach to understand the experiences’ of 17 adult Turkish patients with colorectal cancer receiving chemotherapy for at least 2 months in a training and research hospital oncology unit between August and December 2015. Semi-structured interview guides were developed from a literature review and reviewed by 5 experts. Participants were interviewed at 1-2 times for around 30 minutes. Data analysis comprised content analysis

Results: The 17 interviewees were between 19 and 80 years old. Most were male, married and had children. The experiences of the colorectal cancer patients receiving chemotherapy were classified into four main themes; Being diagnosed with cancer, Living despite of cancer, Treatment with chemotherapy, Medical care at home and fourteen sub-themes.

Conclusions: Oncology nurses can use to results of this research at patient care. They can learn their patient experiences and they can make their nursing plans according to patients’ experiences. In this way, patient satisfaction and care quality can be increased.
Does protein adding to diet affect sportsmen's cardiovascular system?
Authors: USALP Songul , KEMAL Hatice Soner , AKPINAR Onur , CERİT Levent , DUYGU Hamza
Published: January 2021

Purpose: Arrhythmias are reproached for most of the sudden cardiac deaths in professional athletes. Also, performance-enhancing dietary supplements have been blamed in recent years. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of protein supplements (PS) on regular training athletes.

Materials and Methods: 70 male sportsmen (30.0 ± 7.3 year) who regularly train in the gym, were included in the study; 35 used approximately 40 grams of PS daily, while the other half regularly trained without additional PS. All participants underwent ECG, exercise test and results were evaluated by two independent cardiologists.

Results: There were no differences between two groups in terms of age, smoking and alcohol use, body mass index, baseline ECG results, effort capacity, heart rate, and blood pressure values. Correlation analyses showed a negative correlation between the age and maximum HR in an effort test.

Conclusion: This study showed that using PS in certain does not have any effect on ECG findings, heart rate at both rest and during exercise, effort capacity evaluated by a treadmill test, and blood pressure values of sportsmen.
Çocukluk çağı edinsel komitan ezotropyalarda cerrahi sonuçlar
Authors: YILMAZ ÇINAR Fatma Gül
Published: January 2021

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı çocukluk çağında gözlenen edinsel komitan ezotropya hastalarında cerrahi sonuçları ve bunu etkileyen faktörleri değerlendirmektir..

Gereç ve Yöntem: Hastanemizde edinsel komitan ezotropya tanısı ile takip ve tedavisi yapılan 403 hastanın dosyası retrospektif olarak incelendi. Hastaların ayrıntılı anamnezleri, cinsiyetleri, ilk muayene ve operasyon yaşları, görme keskinlikleri, göz hareketleri, ambliyopi varlığı, kırma kusurları, binoküler görme ve stereopsis düzeyleri, uygulanan cerrahi işlem, cerrahi öncesi ve sonrası kayma miktarları kaydedildi. Cerrahi sonrası 10 PD altında kayması olanlar cerrahi başarılı kabul edildi.

Bulgular: Cerrahi yapılan 403 hastanın 191(%47,4) kız, 212’si (%52,6) erkekti. Hastaların başvuru yaş ortalaması 6,72±3,82 (2-18) yıl, kayma başlangıcı yaş ortalaması 2,88±2,14 (1-14) yıl, cerrahi uygulanma yaş ortalaması ise 7,57±3,68 (2-18) yıl idi. Cerrahi öncesi ortalama kayma miktarı 33,6±9,8 (16-70) PD idi. Cerrahi öncesi 205(%50,9) hastada ambliyopi, 82(%20,3) hastada anizometropi ve 108(%26,8) hastada anormal füzyon olduğu tespit edildi. Cinsiyet, cerrahi yaş, refraksiyon kusuru uygulanan cerrahi prosedür, cerrahi öncesi ambliyopi varlığı, cerrahi öncesi anizometropi varlığı, cerrahi öncesi anormal füzyon varlığının) cerrahi başarıyı etkilemediği bulundu. Kısmi refraktif ezotropya hastalarının cerrahi başarısının daha iyi olduğu tespit edildi. Cerrahi öncesi yüksek kayma miktarının ise cerrahi başarıyı olumsuz yönde etkilediği tespit edildi.

Tartışma: Cerrahi başarıyı etkileyen faktörler değerlendirildiğinde hastaların şaşılık türünün, cerrahi öncesi kayma miktarının ve etkin uygulanan kapama tedavisinin gelişiminin etkin olabileceği, bu nedenle hastaların cerrahi öncesi klinik özelliklerinin iyi belirlenmesinin ve cerrahi sonrası uygun tedavilerin devam edilmesinin önemli olduğu gözlenmiştir.
Ailesel meme kanseri öyküsü olan ve olmayan kadınlarda meme kanseri tanılama davranışları
Authors: TAYLAN Seçil , KÜÇÜKAKÇA ÇELİK Gülden
Published: January 2021

Amaç: Bu çalışmada ailesel meme kanseri öyküsü olan ve olmayan kadınlarda meme kanseri korkusu, risk algısı, meme kanseri bilgisi ve meme kanseri tanılama davranışları arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır.

Gereç ve Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı- kesitsel tipte yapılan araştırma, Aralık 2019 – Nisan 2020 tarihleri arasında bir şehir hastanesinin Onkoloji ve Kemoterapi ünitesinde meme kanseri tedavisi gören 308 aile öyküsü olan ve diğer servislerde tedavi gören aile öyküsü olmayan 523 hasta yakını kadın ile yüz yüze görüşme yöntemi ile yapılmıştır.

Bulgular: Aile öyküsü olan kadınların olmayan kadınlara göre on yıl içindeki meme kanseri risk algısının 1,938 kat, meme kanseri korku puanının 1,073 kat ve Geniş Kapsamlı Meme Kanseri Bilgi Testi (GKMKBT) tedavi edilebilirlik puanının 3,269 kat arttığı belirlenmiştir.

Sonuç: Çalışmada aile öyküsü olan kadınların meme kanseri tanılama davranışlarının (KKMM yapma, KMM yaptırma, 40 yaş üstü kadınlarda mamografi çektirme) aile öyküsü olmayanlara göre anlamlı şekilde arttığı ancak her iki grupta da hala istendik düzeyde olmadığı belirlendi.