bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Risk factors of atherosclerosis in patients with history of breast cancer
Authors: Šrámek Vlastislav , Melichar Bohuslav , Indráková Jarmila , Študentová Hana , Kalábová Hana , Vrána David , Lukešová Lucie , Adam Tomáš , Hlídková Eva , Juráňová Jarmila , Petrová Pavla , Krčmová Lenka Kujovská , Solichová Dagmar
Published: December 2013

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the prevalence of the risk factor of atherosclerosis in patients with history of breast cancer. C-reactive protein, lipoprotein (a), cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, homocysteine, fibrinogen, glucose, magnesium, uric acid, and urinary albumin were determined by routine methods in 61 patients with history of breast cancer and 74 control subjects. Urinary neopterin and creatinine concentrations were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography, and intima-media thickness was determined sonographically. Breast cancer patients were significantly older and also had higher systolic blood pressure, glycosylated hemoglobin, lipoprotein (a), serum neopterin, and intima-media thickness. Serum HDL cholesterol and magnesium concentrations were significantly higher in controls compared with patients. Differential patterns of associations between the risk factors of atherosclerosis were observed in patients with history of breast cancer compared with controls. In conclusion, the prevalence of risk factors of atherosclerosis is high in patients with history of breast cancer. Differential associations between risk factors suggest possible differences in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis in breast cancer patients and controls.
Cooling Capacity of Petroleum Oil Quenchants as a Function of Bath Temperature
Authors: Kobasko N. I. , Marques Adriana , Canale L. C. F. , Totten G. E. , Dobryvechir V. V.
Published: December 2013

Other than water, the most common quenchants used for hardening steel are based on petroleum oil base stock. Cooling capacity is dependent on a number of variables including oil viscosity and additives, agitation, and bath temperature and is characterized by critical heat flux densities and heat transfer coefficients. It is shown here that there is an optimal quench oil temperature at which the critical heat flux density reaches its maximum value. Computational results are compared with results from earlier reports. These data show that the optimal quenching temperature for petroleum oils may be used to reduce the distortion of hardened steel parts. Different methods of determining critical heat flux densities and heat transfer coefficients were considered, and the most accurate results were obtained when proprietary software was used to solve an inverse problem that simultaneously yields the current and critical heat flux densities and heat transfer coefficients versus the surface temperature. The computational approach used to determine the cooling capacity of a quench oil as a function of bath temperature is discussed here.
Modellgestützte NIR-Materialfeuchtemessung mittels
Multidetektoranordnung
Authors: Hoof Christian , Wetzlar Dietmar , Henning Bernd
Published: December 2013

Zur berührungslosen Materialfeuchtebestimmung wird unter anderem die
Infrarotreflexionsmessung genutzt. Diese nichtinvasive und schnelle Methode
ist geeignet sowohl zur Bestimmung der Feuchte von Schüttgütern als
auch zur Charakterisierung von Trocknungsprozessen von Lacken. Die
reflektierte Strahlung ist dabei abhängig von Absorption und Streuung in
der Beschichtung sowie von den temporären und lokalen
Reflexionseigenschaften des Messobjektes. In dieser Untersuchung ist ein
experimenteller Aufbau zur simultanen Messung der gerichteten und der diffus
reflektierten Strahlungsanteile realisiert.
Schwingungen in Mikrostrukturen
3D-Laservibrometer-Mikroskop mit nur einem
Messstrahl
Authors: Winter Marcus , Steger Heinrich , Giesen Moritz , Dräbenstedt Alexander , Kowarsch Robert , Ochs Wanja , Rembe Christian
Published: December 2013

Wir stellen ein neues Messmikroskop vor, welches die Erfassung
von dreidimensionalen Schwingungsparametern mikroskopischer
Objekte in Echtzeit ermöglicht. Das Messsystem besteht aus einem
einzigen, integrierten Messkopf, der den von einem mikroskopischen
Messobjekt in drei Raumrichtungen gestreuten Laserstrahl
analysiert und daraus die dreidimensionale Objektbewegung
bestimmt. Die Messpunktgröße ist hierbei kleiner als 4 µm, wobei
optisches Übersprechen zwischen den drei Analyserichtungen
vermieden wird, da es nur einen Messlaserstrahl gibt.
TCEB3C a putative tumor suppressor gene of small intestinal neuroendocrine tumors
Authors: Edfeldt Katarina , Ahmad Tanveer , Åkerström Göran , Janson Eva Tiensuu , Hellman Per , Stålberg Peter , Björklund Peyman , Westin Gunnar
Published: December 2013

Small intestinal neuroendocrine tumors (SI-NETs), formerly known as midgut carcinoids, are rare and slow-growing neoplasms. Frequent loss of one copy of chromosome 18 in primary tumors and metastases has been observed. The aim of the study was to investigate a possible role of TCEB3C (Elongin A3), currently the only imprinted gene on chromosome 18, as a tumor suppressor gene in SI-NETs, and whether its expression is epigenetically regulated. Primary tumors, metastases, the human SI-NET cell line CNDT2.5, and two other cell lines were included. Immunohistochemistry, gene copy number determination by PCR, colony formation assay, western blotting, real-time quantitative RT-PCR, RNA interference, and quantitative CpG methylation analysis by pyrosequencing were performed. A large majority of tumors (33/43) showed very low to undetectable Elongin A3 expression and as expected 89% (40/45) displayed one gene copy of TCEB3C. The DNA hypomethylating agent 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine induced TCEB3C expression in CNDT2.5 cells, in primary SI-NET cells prepared directly after surgery, but not in two other cell lines. Also siRNA to DNMT1 and treatment with the general histone methyltransferase inhibitor 3-deazaneplanocin A induced TCEB3C expression in a cell type-specific way. CpG methylation at the TCEB3C promoter was observed in all analyzed tissues and thus not related to expression. Overexpression of TCEB3C resulted in a 50% decrease in clonogenic survival of CNDT2.5 cells, but not of control cells. The results support a putative role of TCEB3C as a tumor suppressor gene in SI-NETs. Epigenetic repression of TCEB3C seems to be tumor cell type-specific and involves both DNA and histone methylation.
Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopic Investigation of Surface Adsorption of CMP Slurry Additives on Abrasive Particles
Authors: Wayman Ashley E. , Turner Daniel K. , Rawat Ashwani , Carver Colin T. , Moinpour Mansour , Remsen Edward E.
Published: December 2013

Additive-abrasive interactions in chemical-mechanical planarization (CMP) slurries are investigated using fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS). The FCS technique provides quantitative determinations of the interaction between additives and abrasive particles by characterizing the competitive adsorption of the additive and a fluorescent probe molecule by an abrasive particle. Adsorption of the CMP additives glycine and benzotriazole (BTA) on precipitated and sol-gel colloidal silica abrasives are characterized. Significant differences in the fluorescent probe’s adsorption to the different silica abrasives in the presence of the additives suggest surface chemistry differences between the different types of silica. Extensions of the analysis of FCS data are proposed for improving the quantitative determination of the competitive adsorption of fluorescent probe dyes and CMP additives on abrasive particles.
Sharp Needles: Fabrication of Tungsten Nanotips by AC Electrochemical Etching and Laser Enhanced Etching for Nanoprobing on Interconnects of Advanced Technology Nodes.
Authors: Dawood M. K. , Mai Z.H. , Ng T. H. , Tan H. , Tan P.K. , Lam J.
Published: December 2013

Sharper nanotips are required for application in nanoprobing systems due to a shrinking contact size with each new transistor technology node. We describe a two-step etching process to fabricate W nanotips with controllable tip dimensions. The first process is an optimized AC electrochemical etching in KOH to fabricate nanotips with a radius of curvature (ROC) down to 90 nm. This was followed by a secondary nanotip sharpening process by laser irradiation in KOH. High aspect ratio nanotips with ROC close to 20 nm were obtained. Finally we demonstrate the application of the fabricated nanotips for nanoprobing on advanced technology SRAM devices.
Nonvolatile Resistive Memory Switching in Amorphous LaGdO3 Thin Films
Authors: Misra P. , Pavunny S. P. , Katiyar R. S.
Published: December 2013

Nonvolatile unipolar resistive switching properties of the amorphous LaGdO3 thin films deposited by pulsed laser deposition have been studied. Reliable and repeatable switching of the resistance of LaGdO3 film was obtained between low and high resistance states with nearly constant resistance ratio ∼ 106 and non-overlapping switching voltages in the range of ∼0.6-0.75 V and 2.5-4 V respectively. The switching between low and high resistance states was attributed to the formation and rupture of conductive filaments using temperature dependent resistance measurements. The current conduction mechanisms of the LaGdO3 film in low and high resistance states were found to follow the Ohmic behavior and Poole-Frenkel emission respectively. The resistance of low and high resistance states of the film remained nearly constant for up to ∼ 104 seconds indicating good retention. The observed resistive switching characteristics of LaGdO3 thin films are promising for futuristic nonvolatile memories.
The Effect of Temperature in a thin Si Nanowire Transistor, with a Single Donor in the Channel, using Dissipative Physics
Authors: Martinez Antonio , Kalna Karol , Aldegunde Manuel
Published: December 2013

Dissipative quantum transport simulations using the Non-Equilibrium Green Function Formalism have been carried out to obtain a transfer characteristic of a Si gate-all-around (GAA) nanowire transistor. A donor-type impurity has been located close to the source/channel interface, creating a resonant level. The existence and energy of the resonant level depends on the value of the gate bias. The dependence of the current reduction due to phonon scattering as a function of the gate bias, has a minimum due to the resonant level. The simulations at different temperatures have shown a decline in the sub-threshold slope at high temperature and an improvement at low temperature. Finally, the sub-threshold slope approximate follows the standard linear temperature dependence.
Accurate models for the current-voltage characteristics of vertically compressed piezo-semiconductive quasi-1D NWs
Authors: Araneo Rodolfo , Lovat Giampiero , Falconi Christian , Notargiacomo Andrea , Rinaldi Antonio
Published: December 2013

We investigate the electrical transport in quasi-1D piezo-semiconductive NWs under purely vertical compressive or tensile strains. For simplicity, we exclusively consider the additional band bending originated by the piezoelectric charges assumed to be distributed, with a constant volumic density, within a maximum distance δpiezo 003F from the metal-to-NW junction. Our calculations demonstrate that the carrier concentration, the energy conduction band profile and the I-V characteristics significantly depend on δpiezo 003F . We therefore propose that I-V measurements can allow to obtain information on δpiezo 003F in strained piezo-semiconductors.
Piezoelectricity in Monolayers and Bilayers of Inorganic Two-Dimensional Crystals
Authors: Duerloo Karel-Alexander N. , Ong Mitchell T. , Reed Evan J.
Published: December 2013

The symmetry properties of many inorganic two-dimensional monolayer crystals make them piezoelectric, whereas their three-dimensional parent crystals are not. The emergence of piezoelectricity in the single-layer limit points toward intriguing electromechanical effects and applications in the single- or few-layer regime. We use density functional theory to calculate the piezoelectric coefficients of BN, MoS2, MoSe2, MoTe2, WS2, WSe2 and WTe2. These coefficients are found to be comparable to, and in some cases greater than those of commonly used wurtzite piezoelectrics. The centrosymmetry of a BN bilayer prevents a piezoelectric effect for this structure. However, by developing an elastic model, we find that the bilayer exhibits an unusual electromechanical coupling to the curvature, similar to that of a bimorph. A BN bilayer is found to amplify the constituent monolayers’ in-plane piezoelectric displacements by factors on the order of 103-104 into out-of plane deflections.
Piezo-semiconductive quasi-1D conical NWs for high performance nanodevices
Authors: Araneo Rodolfo , Lovat Giampiero , Notargiacomo Andrea , Rinaldi Antonio
Published: December 2013

Conical nanowires appear to be very versatile nanostructures for fabricating high performance piezoelectric nanodevices, for possible applications in the fields of mechanical sensing, piezotronics or piezo-photo-tronics. The results discussed in the present work are aimed at providing useful guidelines for the design of such devices.
High Integrity SiO2/Al2O3 Gate Stack for Normally-off GaN MOSFET
Authors: Kambayashi Hiroshi , Nomura Takehiko , Ueda Hirokazu , Harada Katsushige , Morozumi Yuichiro , Hasebe Kazuhide , Teramoto Akinobu , Sugawa Shigetoshi , Ohmi Tadahiro
Published: December 2013

High integrity SiO2/Al2O3 gate stack has been demonstrated for GaN metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) transistors. The SiO2 film formed on GaN by the microwave-excited plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (MW-PECVD) exhibits good properties compared that by the LP (Low Pressure)-CVD. Then, by incorporating the advantages of both of SiO2 with a high insulating and Al2O3 with good interface characteristics, the SiO2/Al2O3 gate stack structure has been employed in GaN MOS devices. The structure shows a low interface state density between gate insulator and GaN, a high breakdown field, and a large charge-to-breakdown by applying 3-nm Al2O3. The SiO2/Al2O3 gate stack has also been applied to AlGaN/GaN hybrid MOS heterojunction field-effect transistor (HFET) and the HFET shows excellent properties with the threshold voltage of 4.2 V and the maximum field-effect mobility of 192 cm2/Vs.
Accurate analysis of the piezopotential and the stored energies in laterally bent piezo-semiconductive NWs
Authors: Araneo Rodolfo , Lovat Giampiero , Falconi Christian , Notargiacomo Andrea , Rinaldi Antonio
Published: December 2013

Here we study the piezopotential, the carrier concentration, and the stored energies in laterally bent piezo-semiconductive NWs with total-bottom contact. Moreover, we give reasons for the well-known existence of two regions where the piezopotential has an opposite sign in comparison with the rest of the NW. Finally, we provide an upper limit to the static mechanicalto-electrical conversion efficiency by computing the ratio between the total stored electrostatic energy and the total (mechanical and electrostatic) stored energy. Our results can provide guidelines for designing devices based on laterally bent piezoelectric NWs.
Electronic transport properties of atomic scale graphene/metal side contact
Authors: Ma Bo , Wen Yanwei , Liu Xiao , Shan Bin
Published: December 2013

The transport properties of the atomic scale side contact between different metals (Au, Ag, Pt, Cu, Ni, Pd) and graphene with open zigzag ends have been studied from first-principles electron transport calculations. According to the contact configurations, we find the weakly interacting metals (Au, Ag, Pt and Cu) can form chemical bonds at the open graphene’s atomic edges, while the strongly interacting ones form chemical bonds in the whole contact region. Comparing with the case of end contact which could effectively decrease the contact resistance, the atomic scale side contact shows better transport properties than the end contact. And the graphene/metal side contact with hydrogen terminated graphene edge show obviously large resistance than the ones with open graphene edge, which signifies the importance of the termination of graphene edge in graphene/metal contact.
Internal Structure of Diamond Nanocrystals by Modeling and PDF Analysis
Authors: Stelmakh S. , Palosz W. , Gierlotka S. , Skrobas K. , Palosz B.
Published: December 2013

The structure of nanocrystalline diamond was approximated by spherical nanograins assuming that the grain core with a perfect crystal lattice is surrounded by a sequence of shells with (essentially) identical atomic architecture but with altered density. We call such a model a nanocrystal with density modulated waves. To examine the effect of density modulation present in nanograins, we built atomistic models of nanodiamond grains and compared the average values of inter-atomic distances calculated for the grains with density waves to those calculated for grains with the perfect, diamond crystal lattice. We show that the atomic structure of nanodiamond can be best described by a model where, between the inner core and the surface layer, three density waves with intermittent compressive and tensile strains exist. The sequence of the density waves is preserved in all examined nanodiamond samples without regard to chemical treatment and vacuum annealing (at up to 1200°C).
Enhanced Measurements of Displacements and Strains in Quasiperiodic Nanostructures
Authors: Wielgus Maciej , Koguciuk Daniel , Sunderland Zofia , Patorski Krzysztof , Piotrowska Anna
Published: December 2013

Displacements and strains can be calculated from the microscopic image of a quasiperiodic structure by the analysis of its spectral content, consisting of a discrete set of peaks (Bragg spots in the case of the crystal structure). Typically one would choose certain peak and evaluate the displacements by investigating its neighborhood. However, there is a large amount of redundancy in such an image, as similar measurement can be performed by choosing a different Bragg spot. We demonstrate an approach which in a systematic manner employs information from multiple Bragg spots for the displacement evaluation. This has a positive influence on the quality and robustness of the measurements.
Comparison between detailed digital and conventional soil maps of an area with complex geology
Authors: Bazaglia Filho Osmar , Rizzo Rodnei , Lepsch Igo Fernando , Prado Hélio do , Gomes Felipe Haenel , Mazza Jairo Antonio , Demattê José Alexandre Melo
Published: December 2013

Since different pedologists will draw different soil maps of a same area, it is important to compare the differences between mapping by specialists and mapping techniques, as for example currently intensively discussed Digital Soil Mapping. Four detailed soil maps (scale 1:10.000) of a 182-ha sugarcane farm in the county of Rafard, São Paulo State, Brazil, were compared. The area has a large variation of soil formation factors. The maps were drawn independently by four soil scientists and compared with a fifth map obtained by a digital soil mapping technique. All pedologists were given the same set of information. As many field expeditions and soil pits as required by each surveyor were provided to define the mapping units (MUs). For the Digital Soil Map (DSM), spectral data were extracted from Landsat 5 Thematic Mapper (TM) imagery as well as six terrain attributes from the topographic map of the area. These data were summarized by principal component analysis to generate the map designs of groups through Fuzzy K-means clustering. Field observations were made to identify the soils in the MUs and classify them according to the Brazilian Soil Classification System (BSCS). To compare the conventional and digital (DSM) soil maps, they were crossed pairwise to generate confusion matrices that were mapped. The categorical analysis at each classification level of the BSCS showed that the agreement between the maps decreased towards the lower levels of classification and the great influence of the surveyor on both the mapping and definition of MUs in the soil map. The average correspondence between the conventional and DSM maps was similar. Therefore, the method used to obtain the DSM yielded similar results to those obtained by the conventional technique, while providing additional information about the landscape of each soil, useful for applications in future surveys of similar areas.
Nitrogênio, carbono e compactação do solo como fatores limitantes do processo de recuperação de matas ciliares
Authors: Vasconcellos Rafael Leandro de Figueiredo , Bini Daniel , Paula Alessandra Monteiro de , Andrade Joice Bonfim , Cardoso Elke Jurandy Bran Nogueira
Published: December 2013

A recuperação de áreas de floresta, principalmente de matas ciliares, tornou-se fator-chave para a adequação ambiental da agricultura, com o propósito de proteger os recursos hídricos e a biota. Entretanto, o cultivo agrícola tradicional, além de ter alterado a ciclagem de nutrientes com a perda de matéria orgânica, biomassa e atividade microbiana, causou também a compactação do solo, o que influencia a posterior implantação de reflorestamentos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar quais atributos do solo (físicos, químicos e microbiológicos) mais influenciam o teor de C, N, P e umidade da serapilheira em áreas de mata ciliar com diferentes idades de recuperação (20, 10 e cinco anos), em comparação com uma área nativa (NT). A partir da ANOVA e dos testes de médias (Duncan) e correlação (Pearson), foram verificados quais atributos acompanham o tempo de recuperação e qual a relação entre eles. A análise multivariada de partição da inércia a partir da análise de redundância (pRDA) foi feita a fim de identificar quais atributos do solo foram mais importantes para discriminar entre as áreas, com base nos teores de C, N, P e umidade da serapilheira encontrados nessas áreas. Maior relação C/N da serapilheira foi encontrada nas áreas de 20 (26,8) e de cinco (29,9) anos. Entre os atributos microbiológicos avaliados, observou-se que a respiração basal do solo (C-CO2), o carbono da biomassa microbiana (CBM) e a atividade das enzimas desidrogenase e urease foram diretamente proporcionais ao aumento da idade das áreas. O C e N totais do solo, o N-NO3, o nitrogênio da biomassa microbiana (NBM), a atividade das enzimas desidrogenase e urease, bem como a macroporosidade correlacionaram-se positivamente e a microporosidade, negativamente, com o C e N da serapilheira. A partir da pRDA, o NBM e o carbono total do solo foram os atributos mais importantes para explicar o teor de N e C da serapilheira; a explicação compartilhada foi mais da metade de toda a explicação observada ou 28,2 %. A melhoria das condições físicas do solo e a adição de matéria orgânica que resultam na formação de uma serapilheira mais rica em N pode ser uma forma de melhorar as condições microbiológicas e químicas do solo e de acelerar o processo de recuperação.
Wheat yield and physical properties of a brown latosol under no-tillage in south-central Paraná
Authors: Kramer Luiz Fernando Machado , Müller Marcelo Marques Lopes , Tormena Cássio Antônio , Michalovicz Leandro , Nascimento Ronaldo do , Vicensi Marcelo
Published: December 2013

Soil management influences the chemical and physical properties of soil. Chemical conditions have been thoroughly studied, while the role of soil physical conditions regarding crop yield has been neglected. This study aimed to analyze the wheat yield and its relationship with physical properties of an Oxisol under no-tillage (NT). The study was carried out between 2010 and 2011, in Reserva do Iguaçu, State of Paraná, Brazil, on the Campo Bonito farm, after 25 years of NT management. Based on harvest maps of barley (2006), wheat (2007) and maize (2009) of a plot (150 ha), zones with higher and lower yield potential (Z1 and Z2, respectively) were identified. Sampling grids with 16 units (50 x 50 m) and three sampling points per unit were established. The wheat grain yield (GY) and water infiltration capacity (WIC) were evaluated in 2010. Soil samples with disturbed and undisturbed structure were collected from the 0.00-0.10 and 0.10-0.20 m layers. The former were used to determine soil organic carbon (Corg) levels and the latter to determine soil bulk density (BD), total porosity (TP), macroporosity (Mac), and microporosity (Mic). Soil penetration resistance (PR) and water content (SWC) were also evaluated. The wheat GY of the whole plot was close to the regional average and the yield between the zones differed significantly, i.e. 22 % higher in Z1 than in Z2. No significant variation in Mic was observed between zones, but Z1 had higher Corg levels, SWC, TP and Mac and lower BD than Z2 in both soil layers, as well as a lower PR than Z2 in the 0.00-0.10 m layer. Therefore, soil physical conditions were more restrictive in Z2, in agreement with wheat yield and zone yield potential defined a priori, based on the harvest maps. Soil WIC in Z1 was significantly higher (30 %) than in Z2, in agreement with the results of TP and Mac which were also higher in Z1 in both soil layers. The correlation analysis of data of the two layers showed a positive relationship between wheat GY and the soil properties TP, SWC and WIC.
Optical crop sensor for variable-rate nitrogen fertilization in corn: II - indices of fertilizer efficiency and corn yield
Authors: Bragagnolo Jardes , Amado Telmo Jorge Carneiro , Nicoloso Rodrigo da Silveira , Santi Antônio Luis , Fiorin Jackson Ernani , Tabaldi Fabiano
Published: December 2013

Generally, in tropical and subtropical agroecosystems, the efficiency of nitrogen (N) fertilization is low, inducing a temporal variability of crop yield, economic losses, and environmental impacts. Variable-rate N fertilization (VRF), based on optical spectrometry crop sensors, could increase the N use efficiency (NUE). The objective of this study was to evaluate the corn grain yield and N fertilization efficiency under VRF determined by an optical sensor in comparison to the traditional single-application N fertilization (TSF). With this purpose, three experiments with no-tillage corn were carried out in the 2008/09 and 2010/11 growing seasons on a Hapludox in South Brazil, in a completely randomized design, at three different sites that were analyzed separately. The following crop properties were evaluated: aboveground dry matter production and quantity of N uptake at corn flowering, grain yield, and vegetation index determined by an N-Sensor® ALS optical sensor. Across the sites, the corn N fertilizer had a positive effect on corn N uptake, resulting in increased corn dry matter and grain yield. However, N fertilization induced lower increases of corn grain yield at site 2, where there was a severe drought during the growing period. The VRF defined by the optical crop sensor increased the apparent N recovery (NRE) and agronomic efficiency of N (NAE) compared to the traditional fertilizer strategy. In the average of sites 1 and 3, which were not affected by drought, VRF promoted an increase of 28.0 and 41.3 % in NAE and NRE, respectively. Despite these results, no increases in corn grain yield were observed by the use of VRF compared to TSF.
Photosynthesis rate, chlorophyll content and initial development of physic nut without micronutrient fertilization
Authors: Santos Elcio Ferreira dos , Zanchim Bruno José , Campos Aline Grella de , Garrone Raphael Florencio , Lavres Junior José
Published: December 2013

Few studies in Brazil have addressed the need for micronutrients of physic nut focusing on physiological responses, especially in terms of photosynthesis. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of omission of boron (B), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn) and zinc (Zn) on Jatropha curcas L.. The experimental design was a randomized block with four replications. The treatments were complete solution (control) and solution without B, Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn. We evaluated the chlorophyll content (SPAD units), photosynthetic rate, dry matter production and accumulation of micronutrients in plants, resulting from different treatments. The first signs of deficiency were observed for Fe and B, followed by Mn and Zn, while no symptoms were observed for Cu deficiency. The micronutrient omission reduced the dry matter yield, chlorophyll content and photosynthetic rate of the plants differently for each omitted nutrient. It was, however, the omission of Fe that most affected the development of this species in all parameters evaluated. The treatments negatively affected the chlorophyll content, evaluated in SPAD units, and the photosynthetic rate, except for the omission of B. However this result was probably due to the concentration effect, since there was a significant reduction in the dry matter production of B-deficient plants.
Qualidade de vida de graduandos da área da saúde
Authors: Paro César Augusto , Bittencourt Zélia Zilda Lourenço de Camargo
Published: December 2013

Esta investigação tem o objetivo de avaliar e comparar a qualidade de vida (QV) de graduandos da área da saúde de uma universidade pública. O estudo exploratório transversal incluiu voluntariamente 630 alunos dos cursos de enfermagem, farmácia, fonoaudiologia e medicina dessa instituição, correspondendo a 57% dessa população. Utilizou-se o Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) para avaliação da qualidade de vida, além de uma questão aberta relacionada à percepção do aluno sobre a influência da Universidade em sua qualidade de vida. O domínio com melhor escore foi a capacidade funcional, e o pior foi vitalidade. Na comparação da qualidade de vida entre as séries, o curso de farmácia apresentou piores escores nos anos iniciais, tendendo a melhorar no decorrer do curso; enquanto os demais apresentaram piores resultados nos anos finais, o que pode estar relacionado ao aumento das atividades práticas de estágio. Dentre os achados qualitativos, a escassez de tempo livre e o cansaço foram referidos pelos estudantes como os principais comprometedores da qualidade de vida, corroborando os achados do SF-36, que apresentaram piores resultados para a vitalidade.
Qualidade de vida de estudantes de medicina medida pelo WHOQOL-bref - UERJ, 2010
Authors: Chazan Ana Claudia Santos , Campos Mônica Rodrigues
Published: December 2013

O WHOQOL-bref foi utilizado em estudo transversal para avaliar a influência do sexo, da forma de ingresso, do ano de graduação, da classe econômica e da presença de morbidade crônica referida (MCR), na qualidade de vida (QV) de 394 estudantes de medicina da UERJ (72% dos 545 matriculados em 2010, erro 6,5%). A análise estatística foi feita no SPSS v17 e utilizados testes qui-quadrado, ANOVA/ pós Hoc de Bonferroni (p valor = 5%) e razão dos produtos cruzados ("Odds Ratio" - OR) com respectivos intervalos de confiança (IC 95%). A idade média foi de 23 anos, sendo 61% mulheres, 43% cotistas (dos quais 64% mulheres) e 20% referiu morbidade crônica. De 0-100, a média da QV referida foi 66 e da satisfação com saúde 62. Os menores escores de QV foram observados nos estudantes do sexo feminino, com morbidade crônica referida (MCR), que ingressaram por reserva de vagas, da classe C e do terceiro e sexto ano. Os resultados apontam para a necessidade de estudos qualitativos para aprofundar as informações sobre a QV dos estudantes da UERJ.
O aprendizado melhorado por provas
Authors: Pastura Patrícia Souza Valle Cardoso , Santoro-Lopes Guilherme
Published: December 2013

Provas não são neutras em termos de aprendizagem. Não têm apenas caráter avaliativo. A utilização de testes repetidamente traz um benefício mnemônico, estudado em psicologia cognitiva no chamado "efeito de ser testado". A utilização de testes repetidos em cenários de educação caracteriza a metodologia do "aprendizado melhorado por provas". Estudos experimentais e aplicados em cursos extracurriculares têm demonstrado melhor desempenho na retenção de conteúdos e em habilidades de alunos submetidos a testes repetidos em comparação aos de grupos controle. Embora caracterize uma metodologia ativa e o incremento de conteúdo factual seja necessário ao desenvolvimento do raciocínio clínico, a crítica que se faz ao método é de ser baseado em memorização e retenção, na era das evidências. Os estudos aplicados não podem, até o momento, estabelecer se há melhor organização dos conteúdos adquiridos para utilização na resolução de problemas e se isto interfere positivamente no cuidado aos pacientes.
Estrutura do componente epífito vascular em trecho de Floresta Atlântica na região serrana do Espírito Santo
Authors: Freitas Joelcio , Assis André Moreira de
Published: December 2013

Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a comunidade epifítica de um fragmento de Floresta Atlântica da região centro serrana do estado do Espírito Santo, visando observar a distribuição dessa forma de vida sobre forófitos. O local de estudo é formado por uma encosta com floresta preservada que foi analisada no topo do morro (Área 1 - altitude de 890 m) e na meia encosta (Área 2 - 720 m de altitude). Foi adotado o método de quadrantes centrados, selecionando 15 pontos em cada área num total de 120 forófitos com DAP ≥ 10 cm. Para a análise da distribuição das epífitas, os forófitos foram divididos nos estratos: fuste baixo, médio, alto, copa interna e externa. Para cada epífita foram atribuídas notas de frequência, que resultaram nos parâmetros fitossociológicos: valor de importância epifítico (VIe), dominâncias e frequências (absolutas e relativas). Foram registradas 29 espécies de epífitas e hemiepífitas, sendo Bromeliaceae (7 espécies) e Orchidaceae (6 espécies) as famílias mais representativas. Houve baixa similaridade entre as duas áreas (IS= 0,3) com apenas cinco espécies em comum. As espécies com maior valor epifítico foram duas hemiepífitas: Heteropsis rigidifolia na Área 1 (VIe= 29,1) e Polybotrya espiritosantensis na Área 2 (VIe= 15,3), sendo o primeiro registro do gênero Polybotrya como importante táxon na estrutura epifítica. A riqueza foi baixa quando comparada a outros estudos com epífitas, porém a presença de espécies ameaçadas de extinção e raras demonstra a importância do remanescente florestal estudado para a conservação de táxons da Mata Atlântica.
Propagação vegetativa do jequitibá-rosa (Cariniana estrellensis (Raddi) Kuntze) por estaquia
Authors: Hernandez William , Xavier Aloisio , Paiva Haroldo Nogueira de , Wendling Ivar
Published: December 2013

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo desenvolver uma metodologia para a propagação vegetativa do jequitibá-rosa (Cariniana estrellensis (Raddi) Kuntze), por meio da técnica de estaquia, avaliando-se a sobrevivência e capacidade produtiva das cepas em coletas sucessivas de estacas em jardim clonal. A sobrevivência, o enraizamento, a altura, o vigor e a biomassa radicular e foliar das estacas, em razão da aplicação de diferentes dosagens do regulador de crescimento ácido indolbutírico (AIB) e do tipo de estaca utilizado. O jardim clonal foi constituído de plantas oriundas a partir de mudas de material seminal, com uma densidade de nove plantas por m², estabelecidas em solo. Foram feitas avaliações quanto ao enraizamento das estacas em dois períodos de tempo diferentes do ano, em casa de vegetação (aos 120 dias), em casa de sombra (aos 140 dias) e em pleno sol (aos 170 dias) após o estaqueamento. A aplicação do AIB não teve efeito na maioria das características avaliadas. No entanto, quanto ao tipo de estaca, as apicais foram as que apresentaram maiores valores para as características estudadas. A sobrevivência das cepas foi de 100% e a produção de brotações mostrou tendência crescente nas coletas sucessivas. Conclui-se que a propagação vegetativa do jequitibá-rosa pela técnica de estaquia é viável, principalmente quando se utilizam estacas apicais, e a aplicação de AIB não mostrou efeitos destacados que indiquem a sua utilização na propagação do jequitibá-rosa pela estaquia.
Child labour implications for adults: experiences and childhood
Authors: Santos Denise Pereira dos , Alberto Maria de Fatima Pereira , Costa Rafaela Rocha da , Santos Cristiane Barbosa dos
Published: December 2013

The purpose of this paper is to analyze child labour implications for adults who experienced that process when they were children or adolescents. To this end, we used as tool the Historical-Cultural Psychology approach. Five adults who were child labourers participated of this research. Their children were enrolled or egressed to the Program for the Eradication of Child Labour - PETI, and access to these participants occurred by means of the Reference Center for Social Support - CRAS. The saturation criterion (Minayo, 2008) was applied to delimit the number of participants. Open-interviews with life story elements were used as instruments. Data analysis was carried out through the trees of association of ideas (Spink, 2004). As a result, participants reported that early labour broughtmplications for schooling and health, in addition to losing childhood, and also brought difficulties to obtain employment in the current life.
Benefícios e impeditivos à integração da cadeia de suprimentos calçadista por meio da tecnologia de informação
Authors: Herrmann Felipe Fehlberg , Pereira Giancarlo Medeiros , Borchardt Miriam , Silva Rosnaldo Inácio da
Published: December 2013

Este artigo analisa os benefícios e impeditivos à integração da cadeia de suprimentos calçadista por meio da tecnologia de informação. Um estudo de caso múltiplo, exploratório e qualitativo foi realizado na cadeia calçadista gaúcha. Foram investigados oito fornecedores de componentes (primeiro nível da cadeia, ex.: tacos, fivelas e adereços); oito empresas de manufatura de calçado (calçadistas ou montadoras do produto calçado); quatro organizações de varejo; e quatro prestadoras de serviço de TI. As técnicas de pesquisa utilizadas foram entrevista semiestruturada, observação direta e análise documental. A análise dos achados desvelou benefícios e impeditivos à integração da TI na referida cadeia de suprimentos. Identificou-se que dois modelos de integração da TI são adotados pelos prestadores de serviço de informática: proprietário (ou acessível apenas ao provedor de serviços) e aberto (aberto a todas as empresas). Apesar de fechado, o modelo proprietário de integração da TI é bastante disseminado, haja vista sua simplicidade e custo baixo. Em contrapartida, o modelo "aberto" propicia maior organização dos processos internos de gestão da TI, gestão de estoques e da produção. Os achados contribuem com a literatura ao desvelar elementos que podem criar condições para melhor articulação da cadeia de suprimentos calçadista, propiciando aumento de velocidade e flexibilidade produtiva ao setor. Apesar de atrativos, tais avanços podem ser dificultados por movimentos comerciais de empresas usuárias do modelo proprietário. A identificação desses impeditivos sugere a necessidade de novos estudos destinados a ampliar o entendimento acerca das disputas empresariais que se travam em meio a uma cadeia de suprimentos.
Sofisticação política e opinião pública no Brasil: revisitando hipóteses clássicas
Authors: Pereira Frederico Batista
Published: December 2013

O artigo analisa o impacto da desigualdade de sofisticação política sobre as preferências políticas dos cidadãos. Após uma discussão sobre o conceito e a mensuração da sofisticação política, examina-se seus principais determinantes utilizando dados de uma pesquisa de painel realizada em Caxias do Sul e Juiz de Fora ao longo de 2002. Em seguida, o artigo examina quatro hipóteses da literatura acerca do efeito da sofisticação política sobre a maneira como os eleitores processam informações e opinam: 1) eleitores mais sofisticados apresentam maior estruturação ideológica em suas opiniões do que eleitores menos sofisticados; 2) eleitores mais sofisticados possuem opiniões políticas mais estáveis ao longo do tempo do que os politicamente menos sofisticados; 3) eleitores mais sofisticados adquirem mais informações políticas ao longo do tempo do que eleitores menos sofisticados, e; 4) eleitores mais sofisticados emitem opiniões com maior frequência do que eleitores menos sofisticados. As análises no artigo dão amplo suporte a essas hipóteses. Por fim, discute-se as implicações dos achados para os estudos de opinião pública e voto no Brasil.
Impacto da educação cívica sobre o conhecimento político: a experiência do programa Parlamento Jovem de Minas Gerais
Authors: Sampaio Thiago , Siqueira Marina
Published: December 2013

Nas últimas três décadas, programas de educação cívica tornaram-se recorrentes em várias partes do mundo. Tais programas possuem como princípio formulador o compromisso de imbuir nos envolvidos valores democráticos, desmistificar o mundo da política e fomentar o interesse sobre a atuação do Legislativo. Este artigo analisa o processo cognitivo de aprendizagem dos participantes do principal programa de educação cívica desenvolvido em Minas Gerais, o Parlamento Jovem (PJ), e também discorre sobre os motivos que levam programas de educação cívica como o PJ a obterem resultados opostos aos esperados. Além disso, apresenta os meandros da construção do conhecimento político nos participantes e o impacto do PJ. A análise parte de dados obtidos na pesquisa quase-experimental "O Parlamento Jovem como espaço de socialização política?".
Narco-violencia y literatura en México
Authors: Michael Joachim
Published: December 2013

El aumento de la violencia asociada a la lucha contra las drogas establecida por el gobierno mexicano y el fracaso del Estado en los intentos de controlar esa violencia, que dan paso a la pérdida de confianza de la sociedad en sus instituciones, servirá como telón de fondo de un análisis realizado por el autor de las consecuencias de esta realidad en la producción literaria mexicana, destacando la aparición de lo que se podría llamar un nuevo género literario: la narcoliteratura.
Reflexos das políticas itinerantes nas diretrizes curriculares nacionais dos cursos de letras
Authors: Costa Marco Antônio Margarido
Published: December 2013

A expressão políticas itinerantes é criada por Lindblad e Popkewitz para designar conceitos que circulam em reformas educacionais e propostas curriculares, em nível internacional, como resultado de processos de globalização. Neste artigo, além de apresentarmos alguns desses conceitos em diversos países, discutimos como, no Brasil, as Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais dos cursos de Letras trazem reflexos dessas políticas e quais suas implicações para a formação de professores de línguas. De forma concomitante, buscar-se-á evidenciar que essas políticas itinerantes são ambivalentes e podem ser interpretadas como processos de desregulamentação e privatização de deveres decorrentes da modernidade líquida, conforme interpretação de Bauman (2001).
A construção discursiva de Xuxa como promotora da inclusão social
Authors: Jesus Dánie Marcelo de , Zolin-Vesz Fernando
Published: December 2013

Neste artigo, analisamos o texto "Xuxa promove a magia da inclusão", publicado na edição n. 993 da revista Caras, a fim de compreender, por meio da associação entre as escolhas verbais e não verbais, como o referido texto constrói/ perpetua, discursivamente, Xuxa como promotora da inclusão social, em especial de crianças com síndrome de Down. Os resultados da análise apontam a manutenção, a um só tempo, da representação de Xuxa como serva dos baixinhos, com base na comodificação de sua imagem, que constitui a origem da representação de Xuxa promotora da inclusão social, e de um discurso sedimentado na concepção de uma inclusão essencialista, forjada em uma visão baseada no exótico, que parece homogeneizar a inclusão social dos portadores da síndrome de Down.
Protocolos teatrais verbo-visuais: produção de sentidos para a prática teatral universitária
Authors: Gonçalves Jean Carlos
Published: December 2013

Este texto, resultante de uma pesquisa de pós-doutorado, apresenta reflexões sobre a produção de sentidos para as aulas de teatro no ensino superior, a partir de protocolos de aula produzidos por acadêmicos discentes, e realizados sob a condição da verbo-visualidade. A partir da Análise Dialógica do Discurso, pautada nas contribuições teóricas de Bakhtin e o Círculo, é possível olhar para os discursos verbo-visuais dos alunos sobre suas aulas práticas, dialogando com os diferentes sentidos para os quais apontam.
Intertextualidade verbo-visual: como os textos multissemióticos dialogam?
Authors: Mozdzenski Leonardo
Published: December 2013

O objetivo deste trabalho é compreender como os textos multissemióticos dialogam entre si para produzir sentidos, observando-se as complexas relações intertextuais instauradas entre gêneros dos diversos campos artísticos e/ou audiovisuais. Para tanto, apresento inicialmente uma breve revisão bibliográfica sobre a intertextualidade, discutindo criticamente como os principais estudiosos abordam esse tema. Em seguida, defendo que é necessário entendermos a intertextualidade de forma integral e não-discretizada através de um continuum tipológico das relações entre textos verbo-visuais. Assim, desenvolvo um modelo de compreensão desse fenômeno por meio de um gráfico em que dois contínuos se entrecruzam: a representação da intertextualidade por meio da forma (Implicitude/Explicitude) e da função (Aproximação/Distanciamento da voz citada) assumidas em situações comunicativas. Para testar o modelo, foram selecionados quatro videoclipes da cantora norte-americana Madonna, tendo por fim constatarmos de que modo os textos videoclípticos se apoiam em outros textos para construção de seus discursos e das identidades evocadas.
Shifts in Intended and Unintended Pregnancies in the United States, 2001–2008
Authors: Finer Lawrence B. , Zolna Mia R.
Published: December 2013

Objectives. We monitored trends in pregnancy by intendedness and outcomes of unintended pregnancies nationally and for key subgroups between 2001 and 2008.

Methods. Data on pregnancy intentions from the National Survey of Family Growth (NSFG) and a nationally representative survey of abortion patients were combined with counts of births (from the National Center for Health Statistics), counts of abortions (from a census of abortion providers), estimates of miscarriages (from the NSFG), and population denominators from the US Census Bureau to obtain pregnancy rates by intendedness.

Results. In 2008, 51% of pregnancies in the United States were unintended, and the unintended pregnancy rate was 54 per 1000 women ages 15 to 44 years. Between 2001 and 2008, intended pregnancies decreased and unintended pregnancies increased, a shift previously unobserved. Large disparities in unintended pregnancy by relationship status, income, and education increased; the percentage of unintended pregnancies ending in abortion decreased; and the rate of unintended pregnancies ending in birth increased, reaching 27 per 1000 women.

Conclusions. Reducing unintended pregnancy likely requires addressing fundamental socioeconomic inequities, as well as increasing contraceptive use and the uptake of highly effective methods.
Gestational Weight Gain and Risk of Infant Death in the United States
Authors: Davis Regina R. , Hofferth Sandra L. , Shenassa Edmond D.
Published: December 2013

Objectives. We examined the association of prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) and gestational weight gain (GWG) with risk of death during infancy using the Institute of Medicine’s (IOM’s) Pregnancy Weight Gain Guidelines.

Methods. We obtained maternal and infant data for 2004–2008 from 159 244 women with a singleton, full-term, live birth in the 41 states that participated in phase 5 of the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System. We fit logistic regression models to estimate the association between prepregnancy BMI, GWG, and risk of death during infancy, controlling for confounders.

Results. Only 34% of women gained the IOM-recommended amount of weight during pregnancy. Infants born to underweight, normal-weight, and overweight women with inadequate GWG had odds of mortality during infancy that were 6.18, 1.47, and 2.11 times higher, respectively, than those of infants born to women with adequate GWG. Infants born to obese women with excessive weight gain had a 49% decreased likelihood of mortality.

Conclusions. A significant association exists between inadequate GWG and infant death that weakens with increasing prepregnancy BMI; weight gain beyond the recommended amount appears to be protective against infant mortality.