bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Outcome of post-traumatic acute respiratory distress syndrome in young patients requiring extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO)
Authors: Al-Thani Hassan , Al-Hassani Ammar , El-Menyar Ayman , Asim Mohammad , Fawzy Ibrahim
Published: June 2022

We aimed to evaluate the outcomes of post-traumatic acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in young patients with and without Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support. A retrospective analysis was conducted for trauma patients who developed ARDS at a level I trauma facility between 2014 and 2020. Data were analyzed and compared between ECMO and non-ECMO group. We identified 85 patients with ARDS (22 patients had ECMO support and 63 matched patients managed by the conventional mechanical ventilation; 1:3 matching ratio). The two groups were comparable for age, sex, injury severity score, abbreviated injury score, shock index, SOFA score, and head injury. Kaplan Meier survival analysis showed that the survival in the ECMO group was initially close to that of the non-ECMO, however, during follow-up, the survival rate was better in the ECMO group, but did not reach statistical significance (Log-rank, p = 0.43 and Tarone-Ware, p = 0.37). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that acute kidney injury (AKI) (Odds ratio 13.03; 95% CI 3.17–53.54) and brain edema (Odds ratio 4.80; 95% CI 1.10–21.03) were independent predictors of mortality. Sub-analysis showed that in patients with severe Murray Lung Injury (MLI) scores, non-ECMO group had higher mortality than the ECMO group (100% vs 36.8%, p = 0.004). Although ARDS is uncommon in young trauma patients, it has a high mortality. ECMO therapy was used in a quarter of ARDS cases. AKI and brain edema were the predictors of mortality among ARDS patients. ECMO use did not worsen the outcome in trauma patients; however, the survival was better in those who had severe MLI and ECMO support. Further prospective study is needed to define the appropriate selection criteria for the use of ECMO to optimize the outcomes in trauma patients.
Determining the direction of prediction of the association between parasympathetic dysregulation and exhaustion symptoms
Authors: Wekenborg Magdalena K. , Schwerdtfeger Andreas , Rothe Nicole , Penz Marlene , Walther Andreas , Kirschbaum Clemens , Thayer Julian F. , Wittling Ralf A. , Hill LaBarron K.
Published: June 2022

Stress-related exhaustion symptoms have a high prevalence which is only likely to increase further in the near future. Understanding the physiological underpinnings of exhaustion has important implications for accurate diagnosis and the development of effective prevention and intervention programs. Given its integrative role in stress-regulation, the parasympathetic branch of the autonomic nervous systems has been a valid starting point in the exploration of the physiological mechanisms behind exhaustion. The aim of the present study was to examine the directionality and specificity of the association between exhaustion symptoms and vagally-mediated heart rate variability (vmHRV), a relatively pure measure of parasympathetic tone. Exhaustion symptoms and vmHRV were measured at four annually assessment waves (2015–2018) of the Dresden Burnout Study. A total sample of N = 378 participants who attended at least two of the four annual biomarker measurements were included in the present analyses. Cross-lagged multi-level panel modelling adjusting for various covariates (e.g., age, sex, BMI) revealed that vmHRV was meaningfully predictive of exhaustion symptoms and not vice versa. In addition, these effects were specific for exhaustion symptoms as no effect was shown for the other burnout sub-dimensions, or for depressive symptoms. Our findings indicate a clear link between exhaustion symptoms and vmHRV which may hold great potential for both enhancing the diagnosis and treatment of exhaustion symptoms.
Bouncing and spinning of amorphous Lennard-Jones nanoparticles under oblique collisions
Authors: Nietiadi Maureen L. , Urbassek Herbert M.
Published: June 2022

Collisions of Lennard-Jones nanoparticles (NPs) may be used to study the generic collision behavior of NPs. We study the collision dynamics of amorphous NPs for oblique collisions using molecular dynamics simulation as a function of collision velocity and impact parameter. In order to allow for NP bouncing, the attraction between atoms originating from differing NPs is reduced. For near-central collisions, a finite region of velocities – a ‘bouncing window’ – exists where the 2 NPs bounce from each other. At smaller velocities, energy dissipation and – at larger velocities – also NP deformation do not allow the NPs to surpass the attractive forces such that they stick to each other. Oblique collisions of non-rotating NPs convert angular momentum into NP spin. For low velocities, the NP spin is well described by assuming the NPs to come momentarily to a complete stop at the contact point (‘grip’), such that orbital and spin angular momentum share the pre-collision angular momentum in a ratio of 5:2. The normal coefficient of restitution increases with impact parameter for small velocities, but changes sign for larger velocities where the 2 NPs do not repel but their motion direction persists. The tangential coefficient of restitution is fixed in the ‘grip’ regime to a value of 5/7, but increases towards 1 for high-velocity collisions at not too small impact parameters, where the 2 NPs slide along each other.
Bacterial endophytes as indicators of susceptibility to Cercospora Leaf Spot (CLS) disease in Beta vulgaris L.
Authors: Broccanello Chiara , Ravi Samathmika , Deb Saptarathi , Bolton Melvin , Secor Gary , Richards Christopher , Maretto Laura , Lucia Maria Cristina Della , Bertoldo Giovanni , Orsini Elena , Ronquillo-López María Gabriela , Concheri Giuseppe , Campagna Giovanni , Squartini Andrea , Stevanato Piergiorgio
Published: June 2022

The fungusCercospora beticolacauses Cercospora Leaf Spot (CLS) of sugar beet (Beta vulgarisL.). Despite the global importance of this disease, durable resistance to CLS has still not been obtained. Therefore, the breeding of tolerant hybrids is a major goal for the sugar beet sector. Although recent studies have suggested that the leaf microbiome composition can offer useful predictors to assist plant breeders, this is an untapped resource in sugar beet breeding efforts. Using Ion GeneStudio S5 technology to sequence amplicons from seven 16S rRNA hypervariable regions, the most recurring endophytes discriminating CLS-symptomatic and symptomless sea beets (Beta vulgarisL.ssp.maritima) were identified. This allowed the design of taxon-specific primer pairs to quantify the abundance of the most representative endophytic species in large naturally occurring populations of sea beet and subsequently in sugar beet breeding genotypes under either CLS symptomless or infection stages using qPCR. Among the screened bacterial genera,MethylobacteriumandMucilaginibacterwere found to be significantly (p < 0.05) more abundant in symptomatic sea beets with respect to symptomless. In cultivated sugar beet material under CLS infection, the comparison between resistant and susceptible genotypes confirmed that the susceptible genotypes hosted higher contents of the above-mentioned bacterial genera. These results suggest that the abundance of these species can be correlated with increased sensitivity to CLS disease. This evidence can further prompt novel protocols to assist plant breeding of sugar beet in the pursuit of improved pathogen resistance.
Diagnostic classification of cancers using DNA methylation of paracancerous tissues
Authors: Ma Baoshan , Chai Bingjie , Dong Heng , Qi Jishuang , Wang Pengcheng , Xiong Tong , Gong Yi , Li Di , Liu Shuxin , Song Fengju
Published: June 2022

The potential role of DNA methylation from paracancerous tissues in cancer diagnosis has not been explored until now. In this study, we built classification models using well-known machine learning models based on DNA methylation profiles of paracancerous tissues. We evaluated our methods on nine cancer datasets collected from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and utilized fivefold cross-validation to assess the performance of models. Additionally, we performed gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis on the basis of the significant CpG sites selected by feature importance scores of XGBoost model, aiming to identify biological pathways involved in cancer progression. We also exploited the XGBoost algorithm to classify cancer types using DNA methylation profiles of paracancerous tissues in external validation datasets. Comparative experiments suggested that XGBoost achieved better predictive performance than the other four machine learning methods in predicting cancer stage. GO enrichment analysis revealed key pathways involved, highlighting the importance of paracancerous tissues in cancer progression. Furthermore, XGBoost model can accurately classify nine different cancers from TCGA, and the feature sets selected by XGBoost can also effectively predict seven cancer types on independent GEO datasets. This study provided new insights into cancer diagnosis from an epigenetic perspective and may facilitate the development of personalized diagnosis and treatment strategies.
Increased risk of pancreatic cancer in individuals with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Park Joo-Hyun , Hong Jung Yong , Han Kyungdo , Kang Wonseok , Park Joo Kyung
Published: June 2022

The association between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and the risk of pancreatic cancer in the general population remains unclear. This nationwide cohort study included 8,120,674 adults who underwent a national health screening in 2009 from the Korean National Health Insurance Service database. Participants were followed-up until December 2017 for the development of pancreatic cancer. NAFLD was assessed using the fatty liver index: ≥ 60, NAFLD and < 30, no NAFLD. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression was performed. During the follow-up of 59.1 million person-years, 10,470 participants were newly diagnosed with pancreatic cancer. NAFLD was significantly associated with an increased risk of pancreatic cancer compared to no NAFLD (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 1.17; 95% CI 1.09–1.26). This association was significant in both the obese (aHR, 1.14; 95% CI 1.05–1.23) and non-obese groups (aHR, 1.14; 95% CI 1.003–1.29). Individuals with fatty liver index 30–59 also had an increased risk (aHR, 1.10; 95% CI 1.05–1.16). The risk of pancreatic cancer increased with increasing fatty liver index scores (P for trend < 0.001). This study demonstrated that NAFLD was independently associated with an increased risk of pancreatic cancer, regardless of obesity. Our finding suggests that NAFLD may be a modifiable risk factor for pancreatic cancer.
Identification of pyroptosis related subtypes and tumor microenvironment infiltration characteristics in breast cancer
Authors: Huang Guo , Zhou Jun , Chen Juan , Liu Guowen
Published: June 2022

Understanding the association of pyroptosis with tumor progression, prognosis and effect on immunotherapeutic response in breast cancer (BC) is limited. This study analysed forty pyroptosis-related genes to construct the pyroptosis score. Association of the pyroptosis score with the overall survival, clinical features, tumor mutation load, immune cell infiltration, and treatment sensitivity of patients with BC was analysed. Out of 983 BC samples, 304 (30.93%) had genetic alterations with the highest TP53 frequency. We identified three separate subtypes associated with pyroptosis action. These subtypes correlate with the clinicopathological characteristics, TME immune cell infiltration, and disease prognosis. Based on the expression levels of the pyroptosis genes, we divided the pyroptosis score into a high group and a low group. The immune-activated pyroptosis subtype had a higher score with a better prognosis. We also observed that the pyroptosis score correlates with the tumor mutation burden. The pyroptosis score and disease prognosis were directly proportional. A higher pyroptosis score indicated a better prognosis. Results suggest that the pyroptosis-related gene prognosis model is closely related to the immune cell infiltration of BC. The three pyroptosis subtypes associated with BC assist in accurately identifying the tumor subtype, the prognosis of immunotherapy drugs and the patient’s therapeutic response.
The stimulatory effect of fusobacteria on dendritic cells under aerobic or anaerobic conditions
Authors: Koido Shigeo , Horiuchi Sankichi , Kan Shin , Bito Tsuuse , Ito Zensho , Uchiyama Kan , Saruta Masayuki , Sato Nobuhiro , Ohkusa Toshifumi
Published: June 2022

Fusobacteria have been suspected to be pathobionts of colon cancer and inflammatory bowel disease. However, the immunomodulatory properties that affect these inflammatory reactions in dendritic cells (DCs) under anaerobic and aerobic conditions have not yet been characterized. We directly assessed the stimulatory effects of anaerobic commensal bacteria, including fusobacteria, on a human DC line through coculture under aerobic or anaerobic conditions. Under aerobic or anaerobic conditions, stimulation of the DC line with all live commensal bacteria examined, except the probiotic Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus (L. bulgaricus), significantly increased the geometric mean fluorescent intensity (MFI) of marker proteins (HLA-ABC, HLA-DR, CD80, CD86, CD83, or CCR7) on the DC surface. In particular, both Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) significantly increased the expression of DC-associated molecules, except for CD83 under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions. The DC line stimulated with Fusobacterium varium (F. varium) significantly increased only CD80, HLA-ABC, and HLA-DR expression under anaerobic conditions. Moreover, differences in the levels of proinflammatory cytokines, such as IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α, were detected in the DC line stimulated by all live commensal bacteria under either aerobic or anaerobic conditions. Under aerobic conditions, the DC line stimulated with E. coli produced significantly more IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α than did the cells stimulated with any of the bacteria examined. When E. coli were used to stimulate the DC line under anaerobic conditions, TNF-α was predominantly produced compared to stimulation with any other bacteria. Compared to the DC line stimulated with any other bacteria, the cells stimulated with F. nucleatum showed significantly increased production of IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α only under anaerobic conditions. In particular, E. coli, F. nucleatum, and F. varium strongly stimulated the DC line, resulting in significantly increased expression of surface molecules associated with DCs and production of inflammatory cytokines.
Glucose oxidase converted into a general sugar-oxidase
Authors: Baruch-Shpigler Yael , Avnir David
Published: June 2022

Entrapment of glucose oxidase (GOx) within metallic gold converts this widely used enzyme into a general saccharide oxidase. The following sugar molecules were oxidized by the entrapped enzyme (in addition to d-glucose): fructose, xylose, l-glucose, glucose-6-phosphate, sucrose, lactose, methylglucoside, and the tri-saccharide raffinose. With the exception of raffinose, none of these sugars have a natural specific oxidase. The origin of this generalization of activity is attributed to the strong protein-gold 3D interactions and to the strong interactions of the co-entrapped CTAB with both the gold, and the protein. It is proposed that these interactions induce conformational changes in the channel leading to the active site, which is located at the interface between the two units of the dimeric GOx protein. The observations are compatible with affecting the specific conformation change of pulling apart and opening this gate-keeper, rendering the active site accessible to a variety of substrates. The entrapment methodology was also found to increase the thermal stability of GOx up to 100 °C and to allow its convenient reuse, two features of practical importance.
Industrial cylinder liner defect detection using a transformer with a block division and mask mechanism
Authors: Liu Qian , Huang Xiaohua , Shao Xiuyan , Hao Fei
Published: June 2022

In the field of artificial intelligence, a large number of promising tools, such as condition-based maintenance, are available for large internal combustion engines. The cylinder liner, which is a key engine component, is subject to defects due to the manufacturing process. In addition, the cylinder liner straightforwardly affects the usage and safety of the internal combustion engine. Currently, the detection of cylinder liner quality mainly depends on manual human detection. However, this type of detection is destructive, time-consuming, and expensive. In this paper, a new cylinder liner defect database is proposed. The goal of this research is to develop a nondestructive yet reliable method for quantifying the surface condition of the cylinder liner. For this purpose, we propose a transformer method with a block division and mask mechanism on our newly collected cylinder liner defect database to automatically detect defects. Specifically, we first use a local defect dataset to train the transformer network. With a hierarchical-level architecture and attention mechanism, multi-level and discriminative feature are obtained. Then, we combine the transformer network with the block division method to detect defects in 64 local regions, and merge their results for the high-resolution image. The block division method can be used to resolve the difficulty of the in detecting the small defect. Finally, we design a mask to suppress the influence of noise. All methods allow us to achieve higher accuracy results than state-of-the-art algorithms. Additionally, we show the baseline results on the new database.
Determinants of birth asphyxia at public hospitals in Ilu Aba Bor zone southwest, Ethiopia: a case control study
Authors: Fekede Tarekegn , Fufa Abeya
Published: June 2022

Birth asphyxia is a leading cause of neonatal deaths, which accounts for about 31.6% of all neonatal deaths in Ethiopia. Despite its being one of the important causes of morbidity and mortality in newborns, its determinants were not investigated according to local context. So, this study was aimed at investigating the determinants of asphyxia at Illu Aba Bor zone public health facilities. An institution-based case–control study was employed. A pre-tested, structured and adapted interviewer administered questionnaire for mothers of newborn interviews and a data extraction tool for chart review were used. The collected data were entered into Epi-data version 3.1 and exported to SPSS version 24 for further analysis. A binary logistic regression was employed, and variables with a p-value < 0.25 were taken to a multi-variable logistic regression. Finally, a Bonferroni correction was used and variables with a p-value < 0.0038 at 95% CI were declared statistically significant. A total of 308 (103 cases vs 205 controls) mothers of newborns were interviewed, yielding a response rate of 100%. The mean age (SD) of mothers for the cases and the controls were (25.97 ± 4.47) and (25.52 ± 4.17) respectively. Prolonged duration of labor [AOR 4.12; 95% CI 1.78, 9.50], non-cephalic fetal presentation [AOR 4.35; 95% CI 1.77, 10.67], being preterm [AOR 5.77; l95% CI 2.62, 12.69] and low birth weight [AOR 4.43; (95% CI 1.94, 10.13) were found to be the determinants of birth asphyxia. Prolonged duration of labor, non-cephalic presentation, prim parous, preterm, and low birth weight were the independent determinants of birth asphyxia. Hence, improving the utilization of parthograph during labor and interventions focusing on this area should give priority to reducing the risk of morbidity and mortality.
Influence of clay mineral content on mechanical properties and microfabric of tailings
Authors: Zhang Chao , Pan Zhenkai , Yin Hongwu , Ma Changkun , Ma Lei , Li Xueting
Published: June 2022

Clay mineral content has an important influence on the mechanical behaviour of tailings, and this mechanical behaviour significantly affects the stability of tailings dams. X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) tests were carried out on tailings from three different regions. The chemical and mineral composition of the tailings are analyzed. The strength and failure deformation of the tailings were studied by laboratory triaxial compression tests. The effect of clay content on the behaviour of tailings was investigated. The microfabric of tailings sample was examined with the scanning electron microscope (SEM) and nitrogen adsorption tests. The results show that the confining pressure corresponding to the samples exhibiting strain hardening increases with the increase of the content of clay minerals. The cohesion of tailings increases linearly, and the specific surface area decreases as the content of clay minerals increases. Nitrogen adsorption test results reveal from a microscopic point of view that changes in pore structure are associated with the content of clay minerals. The higher the content of clay minerals is, the higher the proportion of micropores is (aggregated interior). Macroscopically, the overall porosity decreases and the size of the pores increases with clay content, which will directly affect the mechanical properties of tailings.
Less animal protein and more whole grain in US school lunches could greatly reduce environmental impacts
Authors: Stern Alexandra L. , Blackstone Nicole Tichenor , Economos Christina D. , Griffin Timothy S.
Published: June 2022

Altering dietary patterns is essential to ameliorating the environmental impacts of the world food system. The U.S. National School Lunch Program shapes the consumption of America’s children and adolescents, providing a meaningful opportunity to reduce dietary environmental impacts. Here, we collate life cycle inventories relevant to the National School Lunch Program and assess the environmental impacts of a representative sample of lunches served in the U.S. during the 2014–2015 school year to inform school meal policy. The mean ± SE impact per lunch was 1.5 ± 0.03 kg CO2 eq. climate change, 1.8 ± 0.03 m2a crop eq. land use, 0.055 ± 0.00 m3 water consumption, and 0.24 ± 0.05 g phosphorus eq. freshwater and 3.1 ± 0.00 g nitrogen eq. marine eutrophication. Meat products contributed the most (28–67%) to total impacts for all impact categories. Lunches in the top quintile of impacts contributed an outsized proportion to total impacts (~40%) suggesting that policy changes related to these lunches should be prioritized. To reduce the environmental impacts of the National School Lunch Program, our results support increasing whole grain requirements and providing serving size or frequency limits for beef.
BSA-templated ultrasmall Ag/Gd2O3 as a self-enabled nanotheranostic for MR/CT/PA tri-modality imaging and photothermal therapy
Authors: Wang Rui , Wang Junjie , Wang Xuechun , Song Guangrong , Ye Ling , Gu Wei
Published: June 2022

We report a novel biomineralization based nanotheranostic with excellent MR/CT/PA tri-modal imaging capability and superior photothermal conversion efficiency.
Unraveling high alkene selectivity at full conversion in alkyne hydrogenation over Ni under continuous flow conditions
Authors: Bakuru Vasudeva Rao , Fazl-Ur-Rahman Kashifa , Periyasamy Ganga , Velaga Bharath , Peela Nageswara Rao , DMello Marilyn Esclance , Kanakikodi Kempanna S. , Maradur Sanjeev P. , Maji Tapas Kumar , Kalidindi Suresh Babu
Published: June 2022

Carbon dissolution in Ni lattices decreased the interaction of alkenes with the catalyst surface and gave an elusive combination of full phenyl acetylene conversion and high styrene selectivity (92 ± 1%) under continuous flow conditions.
Wheat rolls fortified with Greek oregano (Origanum vulgaressp.hirtum(Link) Ietswaart) leaves – phytochemical changes during processing and simulated digestion, nutrient digestibility, and functional properties
Authors: Sęczyk Łukasz , Król Beata , Kołodziej Barbara
Published: June 2022

Fortification with Greek oregano affectsin vitrobioaccessibility of phytochemicals, protein and starch digestibility, and functional properties of wheat rolls.
Engineering bistetrazoles: (E)-5,5′-(ethene-1,2-diyl)bis(1H-tetrazol-1-ol) as a new planar high-energy-density material
Authors: Singh Jatinder , Staples Richard J. , Shreeve Jean'ne M.
Published: June 2022

Synthesis of {(E)-5,5′-(ethene-1,2-diyl)bis(1H-tetrazol-1-ol)} as a new desirable high-energy-density material.
A core–shelled Sb@C nanorod cathode with a graphene aerogel interlayer for high-capacity aluminum ion batteries
Authors: Li Tongge , Hu Haoyu , Cai Tonghui , Liu Xiaoqi , Wang Yixun , Wang Liying , Zhang Yu , Xing Wei , Yan Zifeng
Published: June 2022

Metal antimony undergoes a five-electron conversion reaction to generate SbCl4+ cations, thus showing extremely good electrochemical performance for rechargeable aluminum-ion batteries.
A pH-responsive iridium(iii) two-photon photosensitizer loaded CaCO3 nanoplatform for combined Ca2+ overload and photodynamic therapy
Authors: Shen Jinchao , Liao Xinxing , Wu Weijun , Feng Tao , Karges Johannes , Lin Mingwei , Luo Hongjie , Chen Yu , Chao Hui
Published: June 2022

Synthesis and in-depth biological evaluation of IrCOOH–CaCO3@PEG for acidic microenvironment responsive and luminescence-guided combined Ca2+ overload and two-photon photodynamic therapy.
Towards large area surface functionalization with luminescent and magnetic lanthanoid complexes
Authors: Gabarró-Riera Guillem , Jover Jesús , Rubio Zuazo Juan , Bartolomé Elena , Sañudo E. Carolina
Published: June 2022

We report a simple method for large area surface functionalization. A proof of concept is given by grafting the complexes [Ln2(SYML)3(H2O)] on functionalized Si(100) and using a combination of techniques, including GIXRD, XMCD and luminescence.
Bromine-radical-induced Csp2–H difluoroalkylation of quinoxalinones and hydrazones through visible-light-promoted Csp3–Br bond homolysis
Authors: Qu Chuan-Hua , Huang Run , Liu Yuan , Liu Tong , Song Gui-Ting
Published: June 2022

Bromine radicals derived from photo-induced Csp3–Br bond homolysis can mediate H abstraction/imine radical formation from quinoxalinones and hydrazones, which in turn quench the in situ-generated difluoroalkyl radicals to furnish the products.
High-temperature ionic logic gates composed of an ionic rectifying solid–electrolyte interface
Authors: Nakamura Takashi , Honda Miri , Kimura Yuta , Amezawa Koji
Published: June 2022

In this work, high-temperature ionic logic gates composed of ion rectifying YSZ/La2NiO4+δ junctions are demonstrated.
Novel one-pot synthesis of a library of 2-aryloxy-1,4-naphthoquinone derivatives. Determination of antifungal and antibacterial activity
Authors: Chaves-Carballo Katherine , Lamoureux Guy V. , Perez Alice L. , Bella Cruz Alexandre , Cechinel Filho Valdir
Published: June 2022

The development of new antibiotics and inexpensive antifungals is an important field of research. Based on the privileged pharmacophore of lawsone, a series of phenolic ether derivatives of 1,4-naphthoquinone were synthesized easily in one step in reasonable yields.
Quantitative glycoproteomics of high-density lipoproteins
Authors: Tang Xinyu , Wong Maurice , Tena Jennyfer , Zhu Chenghao , Rhodes Christopher , Zhou Qingwen , Vinjamuri Anita , Oloumi Armin , Boddu Sucharita , Luxardi Guillaume , Maverakis Emanual , Lebrilla Carlito B. , Zivkovic Angela M.
Published: June 2022

The optimized HDL glycoproteomics method was sensitive enough to detect the effects of dietary supplements on HDL protein glycoprofiles even in a small sample size.
Click gold quantum dots biosynthesis with conjugation of quercetin for adenocarcinoma exertion
Authors: Pansare Amol V. , Pansare Priyanka V. , Shedge Amol A. , Pansare Shubham V. , Patil Vishwanath R. , Terrasi Giovanni P. , Donde Kamini J.
Published: June 2022

A cost-effective and eco-friendly click biosynthesis of small molecule quercetin–gold quantum dots (QRT–AuQDs) was developed involving quick conjugation, using an ultrasonication method at ambient temperature by utilizing QRT and gold ions in the molar ratio 0.1 : 1.
Electroforming-free threshold switching of NbOx–based selector devices by controlling conducting phases in the NbOx layer for the application to crossbar array architectures
Authors: Park Kitae , Ryu Jiyeon , Sahu Dwipak Prasad , Kim Hyun-Mi , Yoon Tae-Sik
Published: June 2022

A NbOx layer features forming-free bipolar threshold switching for the application to selector devices in crossbar array architectures through controlling conducting phases in the layer by precise deposition and interaction with a niobium electrode.
Cooperative B–H bond activation: dual site borane activation by redox active κ2-N,S-chelated complexes
Authors: Zafar Mohammad , Ahmad Asif , Saha Suvam , Ramalakshmi Rongala , Roisnel Thierry , Ghosh Sundargopal
Published: June 2022

Redox-active ruthenium complexes supported by hemilabile κ2-N,S-chelated ruthenacycles undergo unusual dual site B–H bond activation through metal–ligand cooperation with free and bulky boranes.
Cu(ii)/SPDO complex catalyzed asymmetric Baeyer–Villiger oxidation of 2-arylcyclobutanones and its application for the total synthesis of eupomatilones 5 and 6
Authors: Zhang Chang-Sheng , Shao Ya-Ping , Zhang Fu-Min , Han Xue , Zhang Xiao-Ming , Zhang Kun , Tu Yong-Qiang
Published: June 2022

A novel classical kinetic resolution of Baeyer–Villiger oxidation catalyzed by a Cu(ii)/SPDO complex with excellent enantioselectivity, regioselectivity and wide substrate scope is reported for the first time and explore the synthetic application.
A diselenium-bridged covalent organic framework with pH/GSH/photo-triple-responsiveness for highly controlled drug release toward joint chemo/photothermal/chemodynamic cancer therapy
Authors: Lou Han , Chu Lichao , Zhou Wenbin , Dou Jinli , Teng Xiaotong , Tan Wei , Zhou Baolong
Published: June 2022

A novel joint chemo/photothermal/chemodynamic therapy was developed using a pH/GSH/photo triple-responsive 2D-covalent organic framework (Di-Se-Por) as a drug carrier for the passive target treatment of tumors with extraordinarily high efficiency.
Gram-scale preparation of black phosphorus nanosheetsviashock-induced phase transformation
Authors: Qiao Jinchao , Gao Xin , Liu Jianjun , Zhou Qiang , Zhong Longhai , Liu Kaiyuan , Li Yunfei , Chen Pengwan
Published: June 2022

In the present study, a well-crystallized black phosphorus nanosheet powder is obtained through shock-induced phase transformation of red phosphorus. This study demonstrates a novel route to prepare high-yield black phosphorus nanosheets.
Counter electrodes for perovskite solar cells: materials, interfaces and device stability
Authors: Lyu Bolin , Yang Li , Luo Yiyun , Zhang Xiaoli , Zhang Jinbao
Published: June 2022

This review summarizes recent advances in rear counter electrodes for perovskite solar cells, including alternative materials, interfaces and device stability.
Clinicians' and Managers' Views and Experiences of Audiology and Speech-Language Pathology Service Provision for Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Families of Young Children With Hearing Loss
Authors: Ng Zheng Yen , Waite Monique , Ekberg Katie , Hickson Louise
Published: June 2022

Purpose:

This study aimed to gather the views and experiences of clinicians and managers on early intervention audiology and speech-language pathology services for culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) families of children with hearing loss.

Method:

This qualitative descriptive study involved 27 semistructured interviews with audiologists, speech-language pathologists, and managers working with CALD families of young children with hearing loss. Purposeful sampling was used to recruit participants from three hearing centers working with these families. Interviews were analyzed using thematic analysis.

Results:

Analysis of the data resulted in five themes: (a) There were perceived added complexities for CALD families in accessing and being involved in services and receiving information; (b) there were perceived family–provider relationship complexities, cultural differences, and service delivery challenges in working with CALD families; (c) clinicians and managers used various strategies for service provision of CALD families; (d) involving interpreters benefited service provision but was challenging at times; and (e) looking to the future and recommendations for clinical practice.

Conclusions:

Current practices reflect some principles of family-centered care for CALD families of young children with hearing loss. Families and services may benefit from more support regarding family–provider partnerships, information materials and child assessments, working with interpreters, and center support for time and resources.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.20044427
The Complexity of Stuttering Behavior in Adults and Adolescents: Relationship to Age, Severity, Mental Health, Impact of Stuttering, and Behavioral Treatment Outcome
Authors: O'Brian Sue , Jones Mark , Packman Ann , Onslow Mark , Menzies Ross , Lowe Robyn , Cream Angela , Hearne Anna , Hewat Sally , Harrison Elisabeth , Block Susan , Briem Anne
Published: June 2022

Purpose:

This study investigated the complexity of stuttering behavior. It described and classified the complexity of stuttering behavior in relation to age, behavioral treatment outcomes, stuttering severity, anxiety-related mental health, impact of stuttering, and gender.

Method:

For this study, a taxonomy was developed—LBDL-C7—which was based on the Lidcombe Behavioral Data Language of stuttering. It was used by five experienced judges to analyze the complexity of stuttering behavior for 84 adults and adolescents before and after speech restructuring treatment. Data were 3,100 stuttering moments, which were analyzed with nominal logistic regression.

Results:

The complexity of stuttering behavior appears not to change as a result of treatment, but it does appear to change with advancing age. Complexity of stuttering behavior was found to be independently associated with clinician stuttering severity scores but not with percentage of syllables stuttered or self-reported stuttering severity. Complexity of stuttering behavior was not associated with gender, anxiety, or impact of stuttering.

Conclusion:

Clinical and research applications of these findings are discussed.
A novel feature extraction method of human‐vehicle classification based on low resolution radar
Authors: Ma Beili , Chen Baixiao
Published: June 2022

In this paper, a novel method using target movement characteristic is proposed to classify human and vehicle based on low resolution radar system. Many studies have demonstrated the ability of radar micro‐Doppler signature for ground moving targets classification. However, the micro‐Doppler signals are not always observed in practical application. Considering the motion characteristic of human and vehicle, a multi‐frame joint scheme is proposed, in which three suitable features are extracted and the Random Forest classifier is used to identify three kinds of moving targets. The experiment results with satisfied classification accuracy prove that the proposed method is capable of human‐vehicle classification.
Efficient switched‐capacitor multilevel inverters for high‐power solar photovoltaic systems
Authors: Hosseinzadeh Mohammad Ali , Sarebanzadeh Maryam , Garcia Cristian , Babaei Ebrahim , Rodriguez Jose
Published: June 2022

Switched‐capacitor multilevel inverters are suitable topologies for renewable and sustainable energy due to a low number of dc‐link voltages. This article presents two extendable configurations for switched‐capacitor multilevel inverters to be applied to solar photovoltaic systems. The first extendable configuration applies only to two DC supplies, and the number of levels is increased by connecting several capacitors in series, while the second extendable configuration uses a combination of DC sources and capacitors. The proposed inverters have a self‐voltage balancing capability, and they reduce the voltage stress of switches, which leads to a reduction in the value of switching losses. The comparison indicates that both extendable topologies have advantages over most reported multilevel inverters, such as a low number of capacitors and semiconductors, low voltage stress, high boost factors, and a low‐cost factor. An efficiency assessment is also presented, which shows the efficiency of the proposal is higher than recent topologies. The proposed inverter is tested and simulated for a high‐power solar photovoltaic system that shows it possesses excellent performance with a high‐quality output waveform. The functionality of the proposal is tested and evaluated by building a laboratory prototype.
Research on the connotation and development trend of remote collaborative emergency technology in petroleum industry
Authors: Wang Lei , Zhu Datong , Gao Shenghan , Chu Shengli , Gan Yifan
Published: June 2022

Due to the particularity of raw materials and the complexity of processes, the petroleum and petrochemical industry involves a variety of disaster risks in production, transportation, storage and etc. However, there are three barriers in the emergency rescue of the petroleum and petrochemical industry, scene separation, data isolation and inefficient coordination. No matter the application of existing technology or the proposed method and concept, the situation cannot be broken quickly. By analyzing these problems existing in 5G communication technology, artificial intelligence and petroleum and petrochemical emergency rescue, this paper puts forward the concept of petroleum and petrochemical remote collaborative emergency technology, analyzes the development trend of remote collaborative emergency technology, and prospects the petroleum and petrochemical emergency rescue technology.
Sensor network prediction based on spatial and temporal GNN
Authors: Liu Peng , Li Zhuang , Cong Yang , Xu Yuheng
Published: June 2022

Multi-sensor prediction is a hotspot for research and development in sensor management technologies. Thanks to artificial intelligence, researchers have been able to effectively use neural networks and traditional artificial intelligence approaches to multi-sensor prediction in recent years. In this model, we try to present the sensors network as an unweighted graph, based on the GNN with spatial and temporal features, combine the characteristics of the Gated recurrent unit with temporal context, and use the Graph Neural Network to predict sensor feature. We tackle the issue of poor sensor network efficiency and sluggish speed without data fusion.
On the performance of overlaid wireless energy harvesting cognitive industrial sensor networks under jamming attacks
Authors: Yang Hang , Li Xunbo
Published: June 2022

Two or more wireless sensor networks coexist in the same space while low energy consuming devices mobiles in a secondary network harvest ambient RF energy from transmissions by nearby active transmitters in the primary network. The channels are allocated to the primary network, while the overlaid secondary network can access the idle channel allocated to perform data transmission opportunistically and operate properly. In this paper, with the jammer implanted, we propose a novel solution in which we execute a deception strategy to exhaust the energy of the jammers. As a result, the energy constraint jammers will be challenging to achieve jamming attacks when the secondary transmitters (STs) transmit information. We formulate the problem first to tackle the issue; that is, we regard throughput optimization issues for ST under jamming attacks as a Markov decision process (MDP). Then, since the focus is mainly on the throughput of the secondary network, a learning algorithm is adopted to maximize it. Through the learning process, the STs can adapt to the dynamics of the primary network while executing proper actions to benefit the overall throughput online. Simulations validate the efficiency and the convergence of the algorithm we proposed.
Research on the development and path exploration of autonomous underwater robots
Authors: Liu Junqi
Published: June 2022

With the increasing development of marine science and technology, autonomous underwater robots have become a hot spot in the field of underwater research and applications, and have been widely used in deep-sea scientific research, marine resources research, and deep-sea security. This paper focuses on analyzing the current research and development status and application prospects of autonomous underwater robots and predicts their future development trend. Aiming at the difficulties in engineering practice of path search in underwater unknown space, the traditional space path exploration method is analyzed, and a hybrid search algorithm is proposed to plan a reasonable and efficient dynamic path for target search in unknown underwater space.
Multi-step locally expansion detection method using dispersed seeds for overlapping community
Authors: Wu Simeng , Gong Jun , Liu Fei , Huang Laizong
Published: June 2022

The local expansion method is a novel and promising community detection algorithm. Just based on part of network information, it can detect overlapping communities effectively, but some problems exist such as seed node aggregation, poor quality and inaccurate community coverage. Therefore, we propose a local expansion overlapping community detection algorithm based on dispersed seeds. There are four essential parts of this algorithm: 1) We firstly generate non-overlapping partitions of the network, and locate seed nodes with the largest influence in their own partition by using a new index of node influence, which combines the information centrality of nodes and the number of k-order neighbors. 2) Secondly, on the condition of the neighborhood overlap measure maximization, seed nodes merge unseeded nodes to generate a preliminary seed community; 3) Then based on the community conductance gain, the allocated nodes are screened and the free nodes are assigned to the seed community; 4) In the end, a node-community similarity based on common connection edge is proposed to re-allocate new free nodes and obtain the final community structure. This method can make the community distribution more proper and the coverage more reasonable. The experimental results on some artificial data and real network data show that the algorithm performs well on overlapping community indicators such as EQ and ONMI, while the community detection results are more stable.
Research on deep learning method of intrusion attack prediction in software defined network
Authors: Wang Jing , Liu Hongyan , Liu Fangfang
Published: June 2022

At present, with the increase of the number of network attacks, in the software defined network, the controller is equivalent to the brain, which is an entity with a complete view of the network. When the attacker directs the malicious traffic to the controller, it may lead to the paralysis of the whole network. Therefore, although there are many solutions for intrusion detection, the attack prediction of network intrusion is still a problem worthy of study. This paper proposes a deep learning model based on gating loop unit (Gru) to identify and prevent intrusion attacks. The model can deeply learn the dependencies of security alarm sequences, and use data sets to evaluate the model. Experiments show that it can show the significant improvement of attack detection.
Critical span identification model with critical periods for dynamic thermal rating equipment arrangement
Authors: Yin Yimin , Wang Shihao , Zhang Qiang , Wang Mengxia
Published: June 2022

Compared with static thermal rating (STR), dynamic thermal rating (DTR) technology can explore the potential current-carrying capacity of overhead lines and bring considerable economic benefits. Considering that there are many spans of the overhead line, it is uneconomical to arrange equipment on each span. It is necessary to balance the investment cost and evaluation accuracy, and select the spans that can represent the current-carrying capacity of the whole line for monitoring. These spans are called ‘critical spans’. The critical spans are the spans with low DTR, and these current-carrying capacities limit the increase of the current of the whole line, which are most likely to exceed the current limit. The current along the overhead line is constantly fluctuating, and it is possible to exceed the current limit only when the current is large and exceeds the STR. In this paper, the periods are filtered before selecting the critical spans, which are called the ‘critical periods’. Considering the above factors, this paper proposes a critical span identification model of overhead line considering the critical periods. While selecting the critical spans, it also ensures that each span does not violate the ground clearance.
Analysis of the efficacy of Chinese medicine in the treatment of covid-19 and the study of medication pattern
Authors: Cong Xiaoqing , Ren Xiaoqiang
Published: June 2022

In order to explore the efficacy and medication pattern of Chinese medicine in the treatment of COVID-19, we conducted statistics on the medication use of Chinese medicine based on some clinical data of novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) and related literature, and used the statistical method of frequency analysis to screen out the drugs with high frequency of use in patients with different types of novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19). We used the statistical method of frequency analysis to screen out the core drugs with high frequency of use in patients with different types of novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) and the related main drug symptoms; Several drugs with good conversion effect were screened out by mean comparison method in terms of conversion time of drugs, and drug analysis was also conducted by data mining and other methods, so as to derive several groups of core drug combinations of Chinese medicine in the treatment of novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19), and to provide data support and research directions for the effectiveness of Chinese medicine intervention in the treatment of novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19).
New iterative conjugate gradient method for nonlinear unconstrained optimization
Authors: Ben Hanachi Sabrina , Sellami Badreddine , Belloufi Mohammed
Published: June 2022

Conjugate gradient methods (CG) are an important class of methods for solving unconstrained optimization problems, especially for large-scale problems. Recently, they have been much studied. In this paper, we propose a new conjugate gradient method for unconstrained optimization. This method is a convex combination of Fletcher and Reeves (abbreviated FR), Polak–Ribiere–Polyak (abbreviated PRP) and Dai and Yuan (abbreviated DY) methods. The new conjugate gradient methods with the Wolfe line search is shown to ensure the descent property of each search direction. Some general convergence results are also established for this method. The numerical experiments are done to test the efficiency of the proposed method, which confirms its promising potentials.
Radiofrequenzablation benigner Schilddrüsenknoten
Authors: Grünwald Frank , Baumgarten Justus , Happel Christian , Sabet Amir , Gröner Daniel
Published: June 2022

Die Radiofrequenzablation ist ein effektives Verfahren, um benigne Schilddrüsenknoten bis zu einem Volumen von etwa 100 ml zu behandeln. Sie ist gut verträglich und kommt zurzeit − zusammen mit der Echopulstherapie − in Deutschland am häufigsten zur lokalen Therapie benigner Schilddrüsenknoten zum Einsatz. Insgesamt ist eine Volumenreduktion von etwa 50–70 % zu erwarten, bei zystischen Knoten und Mixed-pattern-Läsionen etwas mehr als bei soliden Knoten. Anfangsvolumen, Struktur und Echogenität sind wichtige Parameter, welche die Effektivität beeinflussen. Es kommen bipolare und monopolare Verfahren zum Einsatz − die Auswahl des jeweiligen Verfahrens hängt v. a. von der persönlichen Präferenz des Behandelnden ab. Bei größeren Knoten wird eher die bipolare Technik angewendet. Gekühlte Systeme sind – insbesondere bei größeren Sonden – in jedem Fall vorzuziehen. Gravierendere Nebenwirkungen sind selten (< 1 %) und meist nur transient.