bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Transformation and the Satisfaction of Work
Authors: Sanchez Andrew
Published: October 2020

This article suggests a new conceptual framework for understanding why some types of work are experienced in more satisfying ways than others. The analysis is based on research in an Indian scrap metal yard, where work entails disassembling things that other people no longer want. In spite of the demanding conditions of the labor and the social stigma attached to it, employees express satisfaction with the work process. This observation raises questions about theories of labor, which see satisfaction as arising from work that is creative, skilled, and task-based. The article argues that transformation is a social process that should be used as the primary analytic for explaining work satisfaction. Theories of creativity, skill, and task are secondary analytics that describe subsets of transformative action.
Perilous Navigation
Authors: Mollerup Nina Grønlykke
Published: October 2020

This article explores navigation when knowing is intrinsically difficult. It looks at how irregularized migrants know during their perilous trips to and through Europe, focusing particularly on the significance of digital practices on these journeys. Based on retrospective ethnographic fieldwork conducted with Syrian refugees in and around the Danish-Swedish borderland, the article seeks to engage with digital migration studies, arguing that an understanding of irregularized migrants’ navigation, whether with or without digital practices, must involve the emplacement and embodiment of knowledge. Second, the article brings experiences of instability and danger into the anthropological theorization of knowing in order to explore the shifting positions and capabilities of knowing bodies.
Toward an Epidemiology of Ritual Chants
Authors: Déléage Pierre
Published: October 2020

This article develops an epidemiological approach to the analysis of ritual discourse, comparing three distinct genres of Amazonian ritual chants: Wayana, Sharanahua, and Ingarikó. The aim is not to identify the inherent properties of chants, nor to establish ideal types of ritual context (initiation, shamanism, prophetism), but to analyze the different factors affecting the stabilization of the heterogeneous elements of ritual traditions. First, I identify the different procedures (order transfer, parallelism, intersemioticity, and inscription) that stabilize content. Then, assuming that the spread of ritual chants depends on an institutional apparatus, I explore the chants’ rules of distribution and the types of legitimizing authority involved. Finally, I show how the combined analysis of these different factors offers us a new way of understanding ritual innovation.
Comprehensive Peace Agreement and Challenges February 2020: A Case of United States and Taliban
Authors: Bibi Shehnaz , Fatima Noor
Published: October 2020

Afghanistan remained the battleground for a long time period for number of strategic wars by external forces. Diverse and multifaceted Afghan society paved the way for external forces. Several negotiations were held for making the peace in country. Many peace agreements failed because the conflict was not addressed. There is a need to reach beyond the use of military force and to apply inclusive approach by involving the civil society in peace building. It is recognized as a crucial factor in the success of peace process. After more than 18 years of war, the US and the Taliban have reached an agreement to end the war. The central deal for the agreement is to withdrawal of US troops and counter terrorism assurance from Taliban. This study digs out, the factors involved in Afghan conflict and their demands from the peace process. The study relies on secondary sources to develop arguments.
GAMBARAN PENGETAHUAN PERAWATAN KAKI PADA PASIEN DIABETES MELITUS TIPE 2
Authors: Nabilah Inas Istiqlal Sary , Mahanani Srinalesti , Wahyuningsih Aries
Published: October 2020

Mencegah komplikasi akibat diabetes melitus khususnya pada kaki terdapat beberapa upaya pencegahan yang dapat dilakukan salah satunya hygiene personal termasuk kaki. Melakukan perawatan kaki pada penderita diabetes melitus sangat penting sekali, guna mencegah terjadinya luka pada kaki (Tarwoto, 2016). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan gambaran pengetahuan perawatan kaki pada pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2 berdasarkan hasil review literature. Penelitian ini menggunakan study literature review. Literature yang didapatkan dari SINTA, PUBMED, Garuda dan google scholar databased. 10 literature review menggunakan beberapa desain yaitu deskriptif eksploratif, cross sectional, deskriptif cross sectional study, pretest-posttest design, deskriptif analitik, deskriptif dari tahun 2013-2020 kemudian dilakukan analisa PICO. Hasil studi literature review didapatkan bahwa pengetahuan perawatan kaki pada pasien diabetes melitus bervariasi pada setiap penelitian yang telah di review. Hasil menunjukan bahwa mayoritas pengetahuan perawatan kaki pada pasien diabetes melitus masuk dalam kategori baik. Pengetahuan pasien diabetes melitus terhadap perawatan kaki dari berbagai penelitian yang telah diplubikasi secara nasional maupun international memiliki hasil yang bervariasi, namun pengetahuan yang baik lebih mendominasiSemakin baik pengetahuan pasien tentang perawatan kaki maka semakin kecil resiko pasien terkena komplikasi pada kaki.
PENERAPAN INTERNET OF THINGS (IoT) PADA SISTEM MONITORING IRIGASI (SMART IRIGASI)
Authors: Setiadi David , Abdul Muhaemin Muhamad Nurdin
Published: October 2020

Irigasi adalah suatu upaya untuk pengelolaan dan penyediaan air untuk menunjang kebutuhan pertanian. Irigasi membutuhkan biaya yang besar baik untuk pengadaan sarana, prasarana, pengelolaan dan proses pemeliharaan. Pengaturan dengan cara yang tepat adalah suatu kebutuhan agar pengelolaan air irigasi dapat dimanfaatkan secara maksimal. Volume air yang digunakan dipengaruhi beberapa faktor, baik dari keadaan alam juga berkembangnya kegiatan manusia. Pada pelaksanaannya sering terjadi debit air yang mengaliri saluran irigasi mengalami pasang surut pada waktu yang tidak bisa ditentukan sehingga diperlukan sistem yang mampu mengatur buka tutup pintu dari bendungan supaya air terawasi dengan baik. Untuk saat ini sistem buka tutup pintu bendungan irigasi dilakukan secara manual oleh manusia, sehingga harus ada petugas yang siaga agar debit air tidak meluap. Smart Irigasi merupakan sebuah rancangan teknologi masa kini yang memungkinkan dapat menjadikan solusi praktis untuk melakukan monitoring dan kontroling terhadap sistem saluran irigasi, sensor-sensor yang terintegrasi akan mengirimkan data untuk melakukan monitoring melalui jaringan internet pada lingkungan sistem irigasi meliputi suhu,cuaca, debit air yang mengalir serta ketinggian air pada saluran sistem irigasi, dan juga dapat melakukan kontroling sistem buka tutup pintu bendungan secara otomatis disertai dengan ada nya pemberitahuan baik melalui website ataupun SMS jika sewaktu-waktu air meluap. Sehingga dengan adanya Smart Irigasi diharapkan mampu meringankan beban kerja manusia dalam melakukan monitoring dan kontroling pada suatu sistem aliran irigasi.
IMPLEMENTASI COST POWER METERING UNTUK APLIKASI SOLAR GRID HYBRID POWER SYSTEM
Authors: Sarief Ivany , Munastha Ketut Abimanyu
Published: October 2020

Kebutuhan listrik nasional 226 TWh lebih tidak dapat lagi dipenuhi oleh produsen listrik nasional yang hanya memiliki kapasitas terpasang 50 GW lebih. Kekurangan ini dapat menjadi peluang untuk mendorong produksi energi diluar provider listrik PLN. Distributed Generation (DG) menjadi alternatif produksi listrik yang menguntungkan karena dapat diadakan swakelola dan dekat dengan konsumen listrik,sehingga transmission losses dapat diminimalkan. Salah satu DG yang cukup populer adalah Solar Cell yang merupakan energi terbarukan ramah lingkungan berbasiskan cahaya matahari. Residential Solar - Grid Hybrid Power System merupakan kombinasi penggunaan listrik PLN (Grid) dengan Solar Cell. Sumber daya listrik yang aktif merupakan salah satu dari PLN atau Solar Cell. Bila listrik dari PLN padam atau cahaya matahari tersedia maka solar cell akan aktif mensuplai listrik ke rumah. Penggunaan listrik akan dimonitor, dilog, dan diolah oleh sistem sehingga pengguna dapat mengetahui estimasi penghematan biaya aktual yang diperoleh dengan menggunakan solar cel terhadap listrik PLN. Diharapkan dengan adanya keuntungan rupiah yang diperoleh, penghuni residensial akan tertarik menggunakan sistem hibrid ini.
Analisis Data Penerimaan Mahasiswa Baru Untuk Meningkatkan Potensi Pemasaran Universitas Menggunakan Business Intelligence (Studi Kasus Universitas XYZ)
Authors: Alviana Sopian , Kurniawan Bobi
Published: October 2020

Kegiatan penerimaan mahasiswa baru merupakan kegiatan yang sangat penting bagi universitas. Seiring berjalannya sistem operasional penerimaan mahasiswa yang ada, maka data penerimaan mahasiswa menjadi bertambah banyak dari tahun ke tahun. Data penerimaan tersebut belum dimanfaatkan oleh pihak universitas dalam pengambilan keputusan strategis, potensi pemasaran, dan pertimbangan undangan jalur penerimaan melalui akademik. Maka, untuk membantu dalam pengolahan data penerimaan mahasiswa baru tersebut, pada penelitian ini dilakukan perancangan dan analisis data penerimaan mahasiswa baru menggunakan tahapan pada business intelligence. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini meliputi tahapan pengambilan data sumber, proses extraction, transform, dan loading (ETL), serta pembuatan grafik data hasil analisis. Dalam pengolahan data penerimaan mahasiswa baru digunakan algoritma time series untuk menganalisis data mahasiswa baru dari tahun ke tahun. Hasil yang didapatkan dalam penelitian ini yaitu menerapkan business intelligence pada data penerimaan mahasiswa baru untuk mendapatkan informasi yang dapat mendukung kebijakan pada tingkat universitas dalam mendukung potensi pemasaran. Informasi yang didapatkan yaitu meliputi sebaran kota dan provinsi asal mahasiswa, program studi dan fakultas pilihan mahasiswa. Dengan analisis dan rancangan pada data penerimaan mahasiswa baru diharapkan dapat membantu mendukung keputusan manajemen di tingkat universitas terkait potensi pemasaran untuk universitas setiap tahun.
Pengaruh Keputusan Investasi, Kebijakan Hutang Dan Kebijakan Dividen Terhadap Nilai Perusahaan
Authors: Somantri Ivan , Sukardi Hadi Ahmad
Published: October 2020

This study aims to determine how to influence simultaneously and partially investment decisions, debt policy and dividend policy on firm value in mining sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2013-2017. The research method used in this study is descriptive and associative methods. The population in this study were mining sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in the period 2013-2017, which amounted to 43 companies. The sampling technique used in this study is non probability sampling with purposive sampling method, so that the number of samples obtained is 8 companies. While the data analysis used in this study is panel data regression analysis with the fixed effect method. The results of the study show that partially investment decisions and debt policies have a positive effect on firm value. While dividend policy has a negative effect on firm value. In addition, the results of the study simultaneously show that investment decisions, debt policies and dividend policies affect the value of the company. The amount of investment decisions, debt policy and dividend policy in contributing influence to earnings management is 34.14%.
A MULTINOMIAL NAÏVE BAYES DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM FOR COVID-19 DETECTION
Authors: Awwalu Jamilu , Umar Nana Aisha , Ibrahim Mubaraka Sani , Nonyelum Ogwueleka Francisca
Published: October 2020

Coronavirus disease 2019 termed COVID-19 is a highly infectious and pathogenic illness caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome. Symptoms of COVID-19 range from mild to severe, in some cases leading to death. Early detection could help to monitor progression of the disease, mitigate spread of the disease and possibly reduce mortality rate. Computer-aided diagnosis systems are designed to complement health care systems and assist in the early detection of diseases. Currently, as it is not possible to test all citizens especially in developing countries with very large populations due to financial constraints and the standard of their healthcare facilities, the problem of identifying suspected cases and deciding laboratory test priority among citizens is evident and more pressing. Therefore in this study, we introduce an interactive Artificial Intelligent web system using the Multinomial Naïve Bayes algorithm with the aim of detecting warning COVID-19 symptoms and to provide fitting suggestions.  Furthermore, the study also evaluates the performance of the Multinomial Naïve Bayes based on the different holdout approaches experimented. The experimental results are promising as the Multinomial Naïve Bayes is shown to achieve high accuracy detection thus providing a reliable method to identify warning symptoms of COVID-19.
Teniste Beslenme
Authors: Toktaş Neşe , Demirörs Rabia
Published: October 2020

Genetik, fizyolojik, psikolojik, çevresel faktörler, sağlık, antrenman durumu gibi birçok faktör sporcunun performansını etkilemektedir. Doğru beslenmenin de üst düzey performansa ulaşmada önemli olduğu tartışmasızdır. Spor branşının gereksinimi doğrultusunda, sporcunun antrenman planına uygun, hedefe yönelik, bireyselleştirilmiş bir beslenme programı antrenmana adaptasyonu sağlama, performansı arttırma, toparlanmayı hızlandırma, yaralanma riskini azaltma ve hastalıkları önleme üzerinde önemli bir etkiye sahiptir. Spor branşına özgü bireysel beslenme programının oluşturulabilmesi için spor branşının fizyolojik gereksinimleri iyi anlaşılmalıdır. Mevcut literatürde genel beslenme önerileri yer almakta, branşa özgü öneriler yetersiz kalmaktadır. Bu derleme makalede, güncel bilgiler ışığında iyi bir spor performansı için tenisçilerin; enerji, makro ve mikro besin ögesi gereksinimlerine değinilmiş, tenisçiler için beslenme stratejilerinden bahsedilmiştir.
Procjena ad libitum konzumacije i in vivo probavljivosti voluminozne krme NIR spektroskopijom
Authors: Vranić Marina , Bošnjak Krešimir , Glavanović Siniša , Pukec Pintić Nataša , Vranić Ivica
Published: October 2020

Cilj ovog rada je prikazati stanje spektroskopije u bliskom infracrvenom području (NIR spektroskopije) kao tehnologije za procjenu ad libitum konzumacije suhe tvari (ST) i organske tvari (OT) te in vivo probavljivosti ST, OT i OT u ST (Dvrijednosti) voluminozne krme. U usporedbi s provedbom skupih, radno zahtjevnih i dugotrajnih bioloških istraživanja radi utvrđivanja ad libitum konzumacije i in vivo probavljivosti voluminozne krme, NIR spektroskopija je brza, fizikalna, nedestruktivna, multianalitička i eklološki prihvatljiva metoda koja može dati precizne i točne rezultate uz minimalnu ili nikakvu pripremu uzoraka. Biološki se parametri teže procjenjuju NIR spektroskopijom u odnosu na kemijske parametre voluminozne krme radi varijacija između životinja, a posljedično pogrešaka u procjeni reakcija životinja na određenu hranidbu i hranu te činjenice da se niti jedan biološki parametar ne može utvrditi u kemijskom laboratoriju s visokom razinom točnosti. Prikazani kalibracijski modeli su prihvatljive razine pouzdanosti procjene ad libitum konzumacije i in vivo probavljivosti voluminozne krme prema utvrđenim koeficijentima determinacije (R2) (0,7-0,9 i 0,47-0,98 slijedom), standardnim greškama kalibracije (SEC) (4,28-6,89 i 0,01-1,69 slijedom), standardnim greškama unakrsne validacije (SECV) (4,53-7,92 i 0,02-2,15 slijedom) te standardnim greškama procjene (SEP) (5,42-9,59 i 0,026-5,7 slijedom). Ovo istraživanje potvrđuje potencijal NIR spektroskopije za procjenu ad libitum konzumacije ST i OT voluminozne krme i in vivo probavljivosti ST, OT i D-vrijednosti voluminozne krme.
Organic livestock in the Republic of Croatia and Europe
Authors: Antunović Zvonko , Senčić Đuro , Novoselec Josip , Samac Danijela , Klir Željka
Published: October 2020

The aim of the present study was to analyze the situation in organic livestock farming in Croatia and Europe. In the European countries in the year 2017, around 4.5 million cattle, 5.2 million sheep, 1 million pigs and 50 million poultry were registered in organic farming. The highest share of organically registered domestic animals compared to the total population in Europe and the European Union-28 was in cattle (3.5% and 5.2%) and sheep (3.4% and 5.0%), and the lowest in pigs (0.6% and 0.7%). In Croatia the highest share is in sheep (8.57%) and the lowest in poultry (0.02%) number. The largest increase in recent ten years in the EU has been in the number of poultry (by 103%) and the smallest in the number of pigs (by 47.6%), while the increase was the number of cattle and sheep was around 76% and 74%, respectively. In Croatia organic sheep production increased the most (by 65.0%), while the number of cattle and poultry increased by 62 and 64%, and the smallest increase is in the number of pigs (by 24%). The majority of organic meat of all species of domestic animals is produced in France and in United Kingdom, while organic milk is produced mostly in Germany and France. During the year 2018, most organic beef was produced in the UK and France, organic pork in France and Finland, organic sheep meat in Spain and the UK, organic goat meat in Spain, while most of organic poultry was produced in France and in the UK. A significant increase in the number of livestock in organic farming in Europe and in Croatia indicates an increasing interest in organic livestock farming, not only increase of farmers and processors but also increase of consumers of organic products in European countries.
Assessment of vitamin D, calcium, inorganic phosphate, alkaline phosphatase and parathormone in juvenile idiopathic arthritis patients
Authors: Sumi Sufia Khatun , Rahman Shahana A , Islam Mohammad Imnul , Islam Mohammad Mahbubul , Talukder Manik Kumar
Published: October 2020

Background: Decrease in bone mass in JIA patients is multifactorial. By assessing the level of vitamin D and other associated parameters we can identify the deficiency earlier and can predict the risk of osteoporotic bone fracture & give appropriate supplements.

Objective: To determine the status of serum 25(OH)D, calcium, inorganic phosphate, alkaline phosphatase and parathormone in patients with JIA.

Materials and methods: It was a cross sectional study. Thirty newly diagnosed cases of JIA attending the pediatric rheumatology clinic of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka from October 2015 to September 2016 were included. Thirty age and sex matched control were also selected. Serum 25(OH)D, calcium, inorganic phosphate, alkaline phosphatase & parathormone were assesed in both cases and controls.

Results: Hypovitaminosis D was present in 60% of JIA and 33% of controls. In JIA group the mean level of all biochemical parameters were significantly lower than control group except serum 25 (OH) D. Level of calcium, inorganic phosphate and alkaline phosphatase was decreased with the decrease of 25 (OH) D levels and there was no change of parathyroid hormone level.

Conclusion: More than half of JIA patients had hypovitaminosis D. There was positive relationship between 25(OH)D level and other biochemical parameters except PTH.

Bangladesh J Child Health 2019; VOL 43 (3) :145-151
To Compare the Outcome of Estrogen and Betamethasone Cream in the Treatment of Labial Adhesion in Pre-pubertal Girls
Authors: Mahato Gajendra Nath , Palit Paritosh Kumar , Md Hasanuzzaman -
Published: October 2020

Background: Labial adhesion is a condition of prepubertal girls where the labia are fused over the vaginal opening and/or urethra.

Objective: The purpose of the study was to compare the outcome of estrogen and betamethasone cream in the treatment of labial adhesion.

Materials and methods: This prospective comparative study was conducted among 100 pre-pubertal girls with labial adhesion where at least 50% vaginal opening was fused. Patients previously treated with estrogen or betamethasone for labial adhesion was excluded from the study. Fifty patients were treated with betamethasone cream (group 1) and fifty patients with estrogen cream (group 2) after randomization. All patients were followed at 3rd week, 6th week, 3rd month, 6th month and then release of adhesion and adverse effects were noted.

Results: Within 3 weeks no adhesion was found in 84.0% participants in group 1 and 64.0% participants in group 2, which showed significant statistical differences (p=0.023). Within 6 months recurrence of adhesion was found in 2.2% participants in group 1 and 23.4% in group 2, which also showed highly significant statistical differences (p=0.004). Success rate was 90.0% and 72.0% within 6 months in group 1 and in group 2 respectively and the difference was statistically significant (p=0.022).

Conclusion: Betamethasone cream appears to be a superior agent in terms of effectiveness, safety and cost than estrogen cream in the treatment of labial adhesion in pre-pubertal girls.

Bangladesh J Child Health 2019; VOL 43 (3) :161-164
Outcome of paediatric rhabdomyosarcoma attended in a tertiary care hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Authors: Rahman ATM Atikur , Begum Momena , Kibria CSH , Akter Mehnaz , Azad Siddiqua Khurshida , Siddiqua Farzana , Jamal Choudhury Yakub , Shah Salahuddin
Published: October 2020

Background: Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is a malignant tumor of mesenchymal origin, is the most common form of paediatric soft tissue sarcoma. It is the third most common solid tumor comprising 4.5% of all childhood cancer with an annual incidence of 4.5 cases per million children. There is so no statistical data on RMS in Bangladesh because no study has done in Bangladesh.

Objective: To evaluate the clinical characteristics and treatment outcome of children with rhabdomyosarcoma among tertiary care.

Methods: A retrospective study carried out analysing the medical records of 39 patients with rhabdomyosarcoma from the BSMMU tumor registry. Medical records of children with rhabdomyosarcoma were reviewed over a period of 6 years from June 2011 to May 2017.  Most patients received multimodality therapy (chemotherapy, surgery, radiotherapy).

Results: The male female was ratio 1.2:1. More than half of cases presented with a mass at varying sites The predominant complaint 12.0% was pain. The primary site of disease was the head and neck in 46.0% followed by pelvis 40.0%. Pathologically most frequent histological subtype was in 46.0% embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma followed by alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma 23.0%, botryoid type 5.0%, spindle cell type 5.0% and unspecified 21.0%.  At the time of diagnosis 64.0% of patients were TNM stage 3 next frequency is stage IV 23.0%. The survival rate from diagnosis to subsequent demise was poor – between 13 days and 3.5 years. The overall 5-year survival rate was 41.0% which is may be due to advanced stage of disease.

Conclusion: The majority of presentations were in the advanced stages of disease but sensitive to multimodality therapy. Poor survival rate is correlated with the advanced stage of the disease. The clinical characteristics of rhabdomyosarcoma at BSMMU Hospital are similar to worldwide countries, but not like developed countries. Further multicentre studies are needed to report our experiences with rhabdomyosarcoma.

Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull 2020; 46(1): 17-21
Enterotoxic, neurotoxic and cytotoxice demonstrated by shiga toxin (2d) producing escherichia coli in experimental models
Authors: Ahsan Chowdhury Rafiqul , Begum Kohinur , Kabir Enamul , Kamal Alam Nur-E- , Talukder Kaisar Ali
Published: October 2020

Background: Shiga toxin (Stx) producing Escherichia coli (STEC) colonize human intestinal tract and their infections have asymptomatic clinical manifestations which cause local and systemic pathological changes.

Objectives: This study intended to establish the role of Shiga toxin (Stx2d) in developing clinical manifestations in STEC infections using experimental models.

Methods: A total 300 stool samples were screened from hospitalised diarrhoeal patients enrolled in 2% surveillance system at International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b). The stx gene profile including their variants was identified byPCR.stx2d gene positive STEC PT187 was selected for toxin (s) preparation.Toxin was prepared by centrifugation of culture supernatant. Enterotoxicand paralytic-lethal activities were tested in rabbit ileal loops and mice, respectively.  Histopathological study of the rabbit ileal loop segments and different tissues of mice  by paraffin embedded method and stained by H & E staining. Cytotoxic effect was performed on  HeLa cells.

Results: Nine STEC strains were identified for stx2 gene positive.  Among them STEC PT187 was found stx2d gene positive strain and selected for toxic activities. Toxin (s) responsible for causing accumulation of fluid in rabbit ileal loops and its segments showed inflammation and enterocytenecrosis. In mouse model, toxin(s) was found to cause hind limbs paralysis and death. Brain, spinal cord and kidney tissue of mice showed histopathological changes. Toxin (s) also showed positive cytotoxic activity in HeLa cell.

Conclusion: In this study, results indicated that Stx2d producing E. coli exhibit not only enterotoxic activity, but also cause impaired neurological functions and cytotoxic effect.

Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull 2020; 46(1): 41-47
Prevalence of Coronary Artery Atherosclerosis in Different Age Groups: A Post-Mortem Study
Authors: Ahmed Nasir Uddin , Saha Suranjit Kumar , Ahmed Kamal Uddin , Ahmed Gias Uddin , Kibria Syed Golam
Published: October 2020

Coronary artery atherosclerosis (CAA) leads to ischemic heart disease and that is the most common cause of cardiac deaths worldwide. The incidence is more among the elderly people, but now gradually increasing among the young. The study was done to evaluate the prevalence of CAA in different age group by post-mortem study. An observational study was conducted in the department of Pathology of Faridpur Medical College (FMC). In this study total 53 postmortem histopathological examination of heart were done and analyzed, of them 37 were male and 16 were female. Among all, CAA was found in 8 cases and all were male. Regarding age, 4(50%) cases were in the age group from 41 to 50 years, 3 cases were in age of above 60 years and one case was in the age group from 51 to 60 years. Left CAA was observed in 6(75%) cases, both right and left CAA was found in remaining 2(25%) cases but none was found to involve only right coronary artery. Lowest age of involvement of CAA was 42 years that involved left coronary artery. This study shows that the prevalence of CAA is increasing among the younger age group.
Faridpur Med. Coll. J. Jan 2020;15(1): 21-23
Pattern of Serum Electrolytes Imbalance among Patients with Acute Exacerbation of COPD Admitted in a Tertiary Level Hospital
Authors: Saha Suranjit Kumar , Ali Md Yusuf , Islm MM Shahin Ul , Arif Khan Mohammad , Hawlader Mohammad Anisur Rahman , Quader Mohammad Rezaul , Saha Prativa
Published: October 2020

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a progressive disease and there is not yet a cure. Not only in Bangladesh but also worldwide the incidence of COPD is increasing. The disease is associated with some metabolic derangement such as electrolytes imbalance. Those factors further worsen the disease course. As a result COPD related morbidity, mortality and cost to health systems are also increasing. This cross-sectional observational study was conducted in Faridpur Medical College Hospital (FMCH) over 6 months among 100 patients who were admitted with acute exacerbation of COPD. The mean age was (58.13 ± 9.96) years. In this study serum electrolytes were found below the normal range in 68 (68%) cases and within normal range in 32(32%) cases. Isolated hyponatremia was observed in 36(53%) and 15(22%) had isolated hypokalaemia. Both hyponatremia and hypokalaemia was found in 17(25%) cases. The mean serum sodium level was (133.82±2.52) mmol/l. Among patients with isolated hyponatremia, 24(67%) had mild hyponatremia and 12(33%) got moderate hyponatremia. Again the mean serum potassium was (3.45±0.23) mmol/l. Among patients with isolated hypokalaemia, 10(67%) had mild hypokalaemia and 5(33%) had moderate hypokalaemia. Both hyponatremia and hypokalaemia was observed in one fourth of total electrolytes depleted cases and all were within the mild range. No patient had severe hyponatremia or hypokalaemia.
Faridpur Med. Coll. J. Jan 2020;15(1): 24-27
Breast Conserving Surgery-What, When and for Whom?
Authors: Bahar Mohd Mejbahul , Pervin Mosammat Mira , Biswas Swapan Kumar
Published: October 2020

Breast conservation surgery and radiation therapy to the breast has revolutionized the treatment of breast cancer over the last few decades. Surgical direction had seen a heightened interest in the performance of cosmetically superior partial and segmental resections in breast conservation as well as increased demand by patients for breast preservation. The broadening of approaches to delivery of breast irradiation from whole breast to accelerated partial breast has allowed more patients to opt for breast conservation and allowed for what appears to be comparable measurable outcomes in emerging data. As well, the addition of state-of-the-art chemotherapeutic and hormonal therapies has allowed improved outcomes of patients from both local regional recurrence and overall survival standpoints. This paper will provide an overview of BCS including patients selection, prerequisit, indications, contraindications, procedures, complications and follow up.
Faridpur Med. Coll. J. Jan 2020;15(1): 34-37
A Patient with Chronic Lumbar Pain Diagnosed as Giant Calcified Splenic Hydatid Cyst
Authors: Alam AKM Shafiul , Hossain Muhammad Mofazzal , Biswas Swapan Kumar
Published: October 2020

Hydatid cyst is a zoonotic disease, caused by Echinococcus Granulosus, mostly found in sheep rearing area of the world but not commonly found in our country. Hydatid disease commonly affects the liver and less frequently the lungs and other organs. Among them splenic hydatid disease has been reported to be 0.5-4%. Here we report a case of a giant calcified splenic hydatid cyst presented with only chronic lumbar pain. A 45 year old female presented with left lumbar pain for the last 1 year. She had no other complaint. She had no pet dog or sheep at home. Physical examination showed no abnormality. A computerized scan revealed a mass in the spleen with round calcification at its margin measuring 7.56×7.96 cm in diameters. Indirect haemagglutination (IHA) for hydatid disease test was negative. Complete blood count, renal and liver function tests were within the normal limit. The patient was clinically diagnosed as splenic hydatid disease and managed by splenectomy after proper immunization. There was a hard calcified mass involving almost whole of the spleen, only thin rim of splenic tissue was present in superior surface. The rest of the abdominal organs including the liver were normal. Total splenectomy was done. Post operative period was uneventful and the patient was discharged on 12th post operative day. Histopathology confirmed the diagnosis of hydatid disease. The patient was followed up for two years without any further development of hydatosis in any organ.
Faridpur Med. Coll. J. Jan 2020;15(1): 46-49
Enterococcus faecium EF137V: uma nova fonte estratégica para o controle da saúde humana e animal contra espécies de Campylobacter
Authors: Calaça Priscilla Régia de Andrade , Silva Elaine Cristina da , Melo Felipe Pereira de , Santos Dayane da Silva , Aragão Ana Beatriz Lins , Silva Pablo Eugênio da Costa e , Barros Mércia Rodrigues , Porto Ana Lúcia Figueiredo , Soares Maria Taciana Cavalcanti Vieira
Published: October 2020

O probiótico está relacionado a um suplemento alimentar, enquanto que os produtos vivos bioterapêuticos - PVBs são considerados medicamentos biológicos, ambos contêm micro-organismos vivos com substâncias ativas e que beneficiam o hospedeiro. O Enterococcus faecium apresenta muitas propriedades interessantes e funcionais para saúde humana e animal, entre elas a capacidade antimicrobiana, que ajuda em doenças de intoxicação alimentar como a Campilobacteriose. As espécies Campylobacter jejuni e C. coli, têm sido descritas neste contexto. Portanto, pela necessidade de desenvolver alternativas que permitam garantir a segurança dos produtos consumidos pela população, este trabalho propõe uma estratégia complementar para reduzir ou eliminar o Campylobacter por meio do uso de Enterococcus faecium EF137V, isolado de queijo “Coalho” artesanal de Pernambuco-Brasil. As análises foram realizadas in vitro. Dadas as condições adversas, como pH ácido e presença de sais biliares, nas quais EF137V foi exposto, verificou-se que a bactéria apresentou resistência a condições gastrointestinais, aderência às células epiteliais, atividade antimicrobiana pelos seus compostos metabólicos contra cepas de referência de C. jejuni e C. coli, bem como atividade antagonista, o que sugere que ambas as espécies não serão capazes de crescer desordenadamente na microbiota intestinal do hospedeiro, podendo assim controlar a esses microrganismos na comunidade bacteriana em frangos de corte e evitando novas infecções em humanos. Pode-se concluir que o EF137V é um PVB e probiótico promissor, apresentando grande capacidade para aplicações de biotecnologia.
Roles of the complement system in alcohol-induced liver disease
Authors: Zhou Yi , Yuan Guandou , Zhong Fudi , He Songqing
Published: October 2020

Alcohol-induced liver disease (ALD) is a complex disorder, with a disease spectrum ranging from steatosis to steatohepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Although the pathogenesis of ALD is incompletely understood and currently no effective drugs are available for ALD, several lines of evidence suggest that complement activation and oxidative stress play crucial roles in the pathogenesis of ALD. Complement activation can regulate the production of ROS and influence oxidative stress in ALD. Precise regulation of the complement system in ALD may be a rational and novel avenue to postpone and even reverse the progression of disease and simultaneously promote the repair of liver injury. In this mini-review, we briefly summarize the recent research progress, especially focusing on the role of complement and oxidative stress-induced transfer RNA-derived fragments, which might help us to better understand the pathogenesis of ALD and provide aid in the development of novel therapeutic strategies for ALD.
Inter-professional and inter-departmental alcoholism rehabilitation program
Authors: Kikuchi Masahiro , Matsutani Naomi , Ishihara Ryota , Sugihara Masako , Mizuno Yuuki , Chiba Chiyo , Ohta Takahiro , Yamada Eri , Oguro Sota , Sato Yasuko , Bessho Hiroki , Horie Yoshinori
Published: October 2020

A 3-month alcoholism rehabilitation program at psychiatric hospitals is common in Japan for patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD). However, many AUD patients are often hospitalized for the treatment of digestive disorders due to alcohol-related liver diseases and pancreatitis. In this sense, AUD patients need to be better supported by professionals and departments in general hospitals. Here we analyzed the problems in alcohol-related medical care in Japan and examined the measures to be taken at general hospitals.
Long non-coding RNAs in liver diseases: Focusing on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, alcohol-related liver disease, and cholestatic liver disease
Authors: Han Sen , Zhang Ting , Kusumanchi Praveen , Huda Nazmul , Jiang Yanchao , Yang Zhihong , Liangpunsakul Suthat
Published: October 2020

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), a class of transcribed RNA molecules with the lengths exceeding 200 nucleotides, are not translated into protein. They can modulate protein-coding genes by controlling transcriptional and posttranscriptional processes. The dysregulation of lncRNAs has been related to various pathological disorders. In this review, we summarized the current knowledge of lncRNAs and their implications in the pathogenesis of three common liver diseases: nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, alcohol-related liver disease, and cholestatic liver disease. Future studies to further define the role of lncRNAs and their mechanisms in various types of liver diseases should be explored. An improved understanding from these studies will provide us a useful perspective leading to mechanism-based intervention by targeting specific lncRNAs for the treatment of liver diseases.
Predictors of steroid non-response and new approaches in severe alcoholic hepatitis
Authors: Sarin Shiv Kumar , Sharma Shvetank
Published: October 2020

Severe alcoholic hepatitis (SAH) remains a disease with high mortality. Steroid is the main stay and has been shown to give modest 28-day survival benefit in carefully selected patients, but no 90-day survival benefit. Since non-responders have high incidence of infections and increased mortality, it would be worthwhile to identify them before starting steroid therapy. A high and rising bilirubin, urinary acetyl carnitine >2,500 ng/mL, high asiloglycoprotein positive microparticles, and specific features in liver biopsy could predict steroid non-response at baseline. There is an ever-growing need to find new and effective therapies for SAH patients. Besides aggressive nutrition, granulocyte colony stimulating factor, fecal microbiota transplantation, and plasma exchange appear promising therapies and provide a hope for steroid ineligible or steroid non-responsive patients. Suppression of hepatic inflammation, preventing new bacterial or fungal infections, and enhancing liver regeneration will remain the key targets for next generation therapies.
Modeling 25 years of food web changes in Narragansett Bay (USA) as a tool for ecosystem-based management
Authors: Innes-Gold A , Heinichen M , Gorospe K , Truesdale C , Collie J , Humphries A
Published: October 2020

Narragansett Bay (Rhode Island, USA) is an estuary undergoing changes from a combination of rising water temperatures, nutrient fluxes, and human uses. In this study, we created an ecosystem food web model and evaluated its ability to predict functional group biomasses. Specifically, we used Ecopath to construct 2 mass-balanced models covering different time periods in Narragansett Bay: a historical model using data from 1994-1998 and a present-day model that represents 2014-2018. With the historical model as a starting point, we used Ecosim fit to time series data and projected forward to present-day values, forcing the model with both phytoplankton biomass and fishing mortality. The biomass of most mid- and upper trophic level groups increased by 2018, with the exception of carnivorous benthos, which experienced a large decline. There were changes in the composition of fisheries, with a large increase in recreational benthivorous fish landings and a decrease in commercial landings of planktivorous fish and suspension feeding benthos. The inclusion of fishing mortality and phytoplankton biomass as forcing functions, as well as adjusting the vulnerability levels of prey, greatly improved our model fits for all functional groups with the exception of gelatinous zooplankton. Our ecosystem model was able to correctly predict the direction of change for all fish and fished invertebrate groups with a relatively high degree of precision, particularly for the upper trophic levels. Thus, this ecosystem model is broadly applicable and suitable to project trends in the Narragansett Bay food web associated with localized and adaptive ecosystem-based management.
Inter-annual variation in the trophic niche of Magellanic penguins Spheniscus magellanicus during the pre-molt period in the Beagle Channel
Authors: Dodino S , Riccialdelli L , Polito MJ , Pütz K , Raya Rey A
Published: October 2020

Inter-annual variations in the diets of seabirds are often a reflection of resource availability, with population dynamics and community structure implications. We investigated the trophic niche of Magellanic penguinsSpheniscus magellanicusduring the pre-molt stage in 6 years (2009 and 2013-2017) at Martillo Island, Beagle Channel, Argentina, using carbon and nitrogen stable isotope analysis of feathers. We found higher values in 2009 compared to the other years for both isotopes and estimated different proportions of prey in the diet of Magellanic penguins throughout the years. In 2009, penguins consumed mainly a mixture of benthic and benthopelagic fish, whereas from 2013 to 2017, the proportion of the pelagic form of squat lobsterMunida gregaria, considered a key species in the Beagle Channel, increased over time and nearly dominated diets in 2017. Our results confirm that Magellanic penguins act as sentinels, reflecting shifts in the marine community of the Beagle Channel via inter-annual variation in their trophic niche and diet composition.
Two-dimensional ferroelectrics and homogeneous switching. On the 75th anniversary of the Landau–Ginzburg theory of ferroelectricity
Authors: Bystrov V S , Fridkin V M
Published: October 2020

Within the framework of the Landau–Ginzburg (LG) theory, the kinetics of polarization switching in ferroelectric crystals and the transition from domain switching to homogeneous switching in nanosized single-crystal films are considered. It is shown that homogeneous (nondomain) switching can be described in LG theory terms only for two-dimensional ferroelectrics. A review of the experimental results for two-dimensional films of a ferroelectric polymer and barium titanate is given. For ultrathin polymer films, these results are also confirmed by first principles calculations.
A General Framework for International Conflict under Incomplete Information
Authors: Dekker Mark , Walentek Dawid , Haslbeck Jonas , Broere Joris
Published: October 2020

The crisis bargaining literature identifies the incentives and constraints that states face in an international conflict. It shows that the size of and the relation between economic cost resulting from engaging in a coercion and domestic audience cost resulting from issuing empty threats determines states’ prospects to succeed at the threat stage and engage in coercion. This article further develops the crisis bargaining framework by providing a specification of uncertainty about the economic and domestic audience cost. Specifically, we introduce uncertainty by modelling economic and domestic audience costs as probability distributions, instead of fixed values as in earlier studies. We develop our argument with the use of a game theory model, expanding the current crisis bargaining framework. In contrast to earlier work, we find that an increase in uncertainty decreases the effectiveness of threats of coercion and decreases the probability of engagement in coercion.
An IoT System for Social Distancing and Emergency Management in Smart Cities Using Multi-Sensor Data
Authors: Fedele Rosario , Merenda Massimo
Published: October 2020

Smart cities need technologies that can be really applied to raise the quality of life and environment. Among all the possible solutions, Internet of Things (IoT)-based Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have the potentialities to satisfy multiple needs, such as offering real-time plans for emergency management (due to accidental events or inadequate asset maintenance) and managing crowds and their spatiotemporal distribution in highly populated areas (e.g., cities or parks) to face biological risks (e.g., from a virus) by using strategies such as social distancing and movement restrictions. Consequently, the objective of this study is to present an IoT system, based on an IoT-WSN and on algorithms (Neural Network, NN, and Shortest Path Finding) that are able to recognize alarms, available exits, assembly points, safest and shortest paths, and overcrowding from real-time data gathered by sensors and cameras exploiting computer vision. Subsequently, this information is sent to mobile devices using a web platform and the Near Field Communication (NFC) technology. The results refer to two different case studies (i.e., emergency and monitoring) and show that the system is able to provide customized strategies and to face different situations, and that this is also applies in the case of a connectivity shutdown.
Effect of Breed on the Level of the Nutritional and Health-Promoting Quality of Semimembranosus Muscle in Purebred and Crossbred Bulls
Authors: Solarczyk Paweł , Gołębiewski Marcin , Slósarz Jan , Łukasiewicz Monika , Przysucha Tomasz , Puppel Kamila
Published: October 2020

Meat from commercial breed cattle are very often used to crossbreed with dairy breeds. The effect of heterosis is most evident when crossbreeds are genetically different from each other. Therefore, the aim of the study was to determine the influence of breed types on the nutritional and pro-health quality of beef. The experiment was conducted on 62 bulls from three breeds: Limousin, Polish Holstein-Friesian, and Polish Holstein-Friesian (PHF) × Limousin. During the fattening period, the animals were fed ad libitum using the same diet. Bulls were slaughtered at 21–23 months of age. The meat of PHF × Limousin hybrids was characterized by the lowest level of SFA and the highest content of n-3 PUFA fatty acids, carnosine, and α-tocopherol compared to the values obtained for the Polish Holstein-Friesian and Limousin breeds. In the case of PHF × Limousin hybrids, there was a 6% increase in n-3 PUFA, 21% in carnosine, and 66% in α-tocopherol compared to the Polish Holstein-Friesian breed. Commodity crossbreeding significantly improved the quality of beef analyzed in this study, resulting in similar or even better results than purebred cattle. This meant that beef from the hybrids with PHF was of the best nutritional and health-promoting quality.
Impact of Nutrients on the Hoof Health in Cattle
Authors: Langova Lucie , Novotna Ivana , Nemcova Petra , Machacek Miroslav , Havlicek Zdenek , Zemanova Monika , Chrast Vladimir
Published: October 2020

Lameness is currently one of the most important and economically demanding diseases in cattle. It is manifested in a change in locomotion that is associated with lesions, especially the pelvic limbs. The disease of the hoof is painful, affecting the welfare of dairy cows. Important factors that influence the health of the limbs include nutrition, animal hygiene, stable technology, and genetic and breeding predispositions. Nutrition is one of the basic preventive factors affecting the quality and growth of the hoof horn, and the associated prevalence of hoof disease. The strength and structure of the hoof horn are affected by the composition of the feed ration (amino acids, minerals, vitamins, and toxic substances contaminating the feed ration, or arising in the feed ration as metabolites of fungi).