bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
COMMENCE Trial – Comparing hypOtherMic teMperaturEs duriNg hemiarCh surgEry A Randomized Controlled Trial of Mild vs Moderate Hypothermia on Patient Outcomes in Aortic Hemiarch Surgery with Anterograde Cerebral Perfusion
Authors: Jabagi Habib , Wells George , Boodhwani Munir
Published: October 2019

Background: Aortic arch surgery remains the only viable life-saving treatment for aortic arch disease. However, the necessity for cessation of systemic blood flow with hypothermic cardiac arrest carries substantial risk of morbidity and mortality, including poor neurological outcomes and kidney failure. While uncontrolled studies have suggested the safety of operating at warmer temperatures, significant variables remain un-investigated supporting the need for a randomized clinical trial (RCT) to produce evidence-based guidelines for perfusion strategies in aortic surgery. This study proposes a multi-centre RCT, in order to compare outcomes of warmer hypothermic strategies during aortic hemiarch surgery on a composite endpoint of neurologic and acute kidney injury (AKI).
Methods: This is a prospective multi-centre, single-blind two-arm RCT comparing mild (32°C) versus moderate (26°C) hypothermic cardiac arrest in patients (n=282) undergoing hemiarch surgery with antegrade cerebral perfusion (ACP). The primary endpoint is a composite of neurological injury (incidence of transient ischemic attack and/or stroke) and Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) stage 1 or higher AKI. Secondary outcomes include death, cardiopulmonary bypass time, bleeding, transfusion rates, prolonged mechanical ventilation, myocardial infarction, length of stay, and quality of life measures. Patients will undergo 1:1 block randomization to each treatment arm on day of surgery. Sequence of operation will be at the surgeon's discretion with mandatory guidelines for temperature and ACP administration. Perioperative management will occur as per enrolling centre standard of care. Neurocognitive function will be assessed for neurological injury using validated neurological screening tests: NIHSS, MOCA, BI, and MRS throughout patient follow-up. Diagnosis and classification of AKI will be based on rising creatinine values as per the KDIGO criteria. Study duration for each patient will be 60±14 days.
Discussion: It is hoped that performing hemiarch surgery using mild hypothermia (32°C) and selective ACP will result in a 15% absolute risk reduction in the composite outcomes. The potential of this risk reduction will translate into improved patient outcomes, survival, and long-term financial savings to the Health Care system. In addition, the results of this trial will be used to create the first-ever guidelines for temperature management strategy during aortic surgery.
Comparative genomic analysis of the Hafnia genus reveals an explicit evolutionary relationship between the species alvei and paralvei and provides insights into pathogenicity
Authors: Bin Liu , Yin Zhiqiu , Yuan Chao , Du Yuhui , Yang Pan , Qian Chengqian , Wei Yi , Zhang Si , Huang Di
Published: October 2019

Background The Hafnia genus is an opportunistic pathogen that has been implicated in both nosocomial and community-acquired infections. Although Hafnia is fairly often isolated from clinical material, its taxonomy has remained an unsolved riddle, and the involvement and importance of Hafnia in human disease is also uncertain. Here, we used comparative genomic analysis to define the taxonomy of Hafnia, identify species-specific genes that may be the result of ecological and pathogenic specialization, and reveal virulence-related genetic profiles that may contribute to pathogenesis. Results One complete genome sequence and 19 draft genome sequences for Hafnia strains were generated and combined with 27 publicly available genomes. We provided high-resolution typing methods by constructing phylogeny and population structure based on single-copy core genes in combination with whole genome average nucleotide identity to identify two distant Hafnia species (alvei and paralvei) and one mislabeled strain. The open pan-genome and the presence of numerous mobile genetic elements reveal that Hafnia has undergone massive gene rearrangements. Presence of species-specific core genomes associated with metabolism and transport suggests the putative niche differentiation between alvei and paralvei. We also identified possession of diverse virulence-related profiles in both Hafnia species., including the macromolecular secretion system, virulence, and antimicrobial resistance. In the macromolecular system, T1SS, Flagellum 1, Tad pilus and T6SS-1 were conserved in Hafnia, whereas T4SS, T5SS, and other T6SSs exhibited the evolution of diversity. The virulence factors in Hafnia are related to adherence, toxin, iron uptake, stress adaptation, and efflux pump. The identified resistance genes are associated with beta-lactamases and tetracycline. These virulence-related profiles identified at the genomic level provide insights into Hafnia pathogenesis and the differentiation between alvei and paralvei. Conclusions Our research using core genome phylogeny and comparative genomics analysis of a larger collection of strains provides a comprehensive view of the taxonomy and species-specific traits between Hafnia species. Deciphering the genome of Hafnia strains possessing a reservoir of macromolecular secretion systems, virulence factors, and resistance genes related to pathogenicity may provide insights into addressing its numerous infections and devising strategies to combat the pathogen.
Effect of short-term blood pressure variability on functional outcome after intra-arterial treatment in acute stroke patients with large-vessel occlusion
Authors: Zhang Tianli , Wang Xiaolong , Wen Chao , Zhou Feng , Gao Shengwei , Zhang Xiaodong , Lin Shiqin , Shi Jing , Li Weirong
Published: October 2019

Background : Endovascular treatment (EVT) is advocated for acute ischaemic stroke with large-vessel occlusion (LVO), but perioperative periods are challenging. This study investigated the relationship between post-EVT short-term blood pressure variability (BPV) and early outcomes in LVO patients.
Methods : We retrospectively reviewed 72 LVO patients undergoing EVT between June 2015 and June 2018. Hourly systolic and diastolic blood pressures (SBP and DBP, respectively) were recorded in the first 24 hours post-EVT. BPV were evaluated as standard deviation (SD), coefficient of variation (CV), and successive variation (SV) separately for SBP and DBP. Functional independence at 3 months was defined as a modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score of 0-2.
Results : For 58.3% patients with favorable outcomes, the median National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale and Alberta Stroke Program Early CT scores on admission were 14 and 8, respectively. The maximum SBP ([154.3±16.8] vs. [163.5±15.6], P=0.02), systolic CV ([8. 8%±2.0%] vs. [11.0%±1.8%], P<0.001), SV ([11.4±2.3] vs. [14.6±2.0], P<0.001), and SD ([10.5±2.4] vs. [13.8±3.9], P<0.001) were lower in patients with favorable outcomes. On multivariable logistic regression analysis, systolic SV (OR: 4.273, 95% CI: 1.030 to 17.727, P=0.045) independently predicted unfavorable prognosis. The area under the curve was 0.868 (95% CI: 0.781 to 0.955, P<0.001), and sensitivity and specificity were 93.3% and 73.8%, respectively, showing excellent predictive value for 3-month poor-outcomes.
Conclusions : Decreased systolic SV following intra-arterial therapies result in favorable outcomes at 3 months. Systolic SV may be a novel predictor of functional prognosis in LVO patients.
Reconstruction and analysis of a carbon-core metabolic network for Dunaliella salina
Authors: Fachet Melanie , Witte Carina , Flassig Robert J , Rihko-Struckmann Liisa K. , McKie-Krisberg Zaid , Polle Juergen EW , Sundmacher Kai
Published: October 2019

Background The green microalga Dunaliella salina accumulates a high proportion of beta-carotene during abiotic stress conditions. To better understand the intracellular flux distribution leading to carotenoid accumulation, this work aimed at reconstructing a carbon core metabolic network for D. salina CCAP 19/18 based on the recently published. Results The reconstruction resulted in a network model with 221 reactions and 212 metabolites within three compartments: cytosol, chloroplast and mitochondrion. The network was implemented in the MATLAB toolbox CellNetAnalyzer and checked for feasibility. Furthermore, a flux balance analysis was carried out for different light and nutrient uptake rates. The comparison of the experimental knowledge with the model prediction revealed that the results of the stoichiometric network analysis are plausible and in good agreement with the observed behavior. Accordingly, our model provides an excellent new tool to interrogate and better understand the carbon core metabolism of D. salina. Conclusions The reconstructed metabolic network of D. salina presented in this work is able to predict the biological behavior under light and nutrient stress and will lead to an improved process understanding for the optimized production of high-value products in microalgae.
Fire needle acupuncture or moxibustion for chronic plaque psoriasis: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Chen Zhaoxia , Zhou Dongmei , Wang Yan , Lan Haibing , Duan Xingwu , Li Bohua , Zhao Jingxia , Li Wei , Liu Zhengrong , Di Tingting , Guo Xinwei , Zhang Jinchao , Li Bo , Feng Shuo , Li Ping
Published: October 2019

Background: Psoriasis is a chronic, immune-mediated disorder with chronic plaque psoriasis during remission stage. Patients often have a slow course and long history of the disease. The refractory type of psoriasis is a stubborn rash that does not subside easily. We designed this randomized controlled trial to compare the effectiveness and relapse rates of plaque psoriasis in patients treated with either acupuncture, moxibustion or calcipotriol ointment. The ultimate aim of the study is to select an effective traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) therapy for patients with plaque psoriasis.
Methods: The study will be a multi-center, prospective randomized controlled trial (RCT), which compares the effectiveness of fire needle therapy, moxibustion and calcipotriol ointment. 160 plaque psoriasis patients who meet the inclusion criteria will be recruited from three hospitals in Beijing, and then randomly assigned to receive either fire needle therapy (group A1), moxibustion (group A2) or calcipotriol ointment (group B). All participants will receive a 8-week treatment and then be followed up for another 24 weeks, with the time point of the 12th and 24th week after treatment complete. The primary outcomes measured are relapse rates and Psoriasis area and severity index (PASI) score of the target lesions. In addition, the target lesion onset time, dermatology life quality index (DLQI), Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) syndrome score, and the relapse interval of the target lesion will be measured. Adverse events will be recorded for safety assessment.
Discussion: This study is to determine whether fire needle therapy or moxibustion could improve the clinical effectiveness of psoriasis lesions and reduce the relapse rate. Once completed, it will provide information regarding therapeutic evaluation on fire needle therapy or moxibustion for plaque psoriasis, which will assist clinicians select the most effective treatment options for patients.
Trial registration: ChiCTR1800019588; Pre-results; Registered on 19 November 2018; International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP). URL: http://apps.who.int/trialsearch/Trial2.aspx?TrialID=ChiCTR1800019588
Keywords: Fire needle therapy, Moxibustion, Plaque Psoriasis, Clinical effectiveness, Relapse rate
Teachers’ attitude to the use electronic devices in technology lessons, educating pupils with special educational needs
Authors: Vaitkevičienė Asta , Širiakovienė Asta
Published: October 2019

Abilities of pupils with moderate, severe and profound intellectual disabilities are developed in activities. One of such activities is technology lessons with its essential feature – practical orientation. The most important achievements of SEN pupils in the technology subject is formation of practical daily life skills. As provided in The Recommendations on Adaptation of Basic Education General Curricula for Education of Special Needs Pupils with Low and Very Low Intellectual Abilities (2010), technology education consists of such parts as nutrition, textiles, structural materials and electronics. Properly organized electronics lessons prepare special needs pupils for life, form their practical skills, and help them to get familiar with new technologies. It was relevant to find out the attitudes of teachers of special education institutions to the use of electronic devices in the lessons of technology, because previous research did not deal with learning resources of special education institutions, teachers’ attitude to new technologies, and possibilities of using electronic devices.
PO4 adsorption on the calcite surface modulates calcite formation and crystal size
Authors: Sugiura Yuki , Ishikawa Kunio , Onuma Kazuo , Makita Yoji
Published: October 2019

Calcium carbonate (CaCO3) and particularly its stable phase, calcite, is of great geological significance in the deep carbon cycle since CaCO3 from biomineralized shells and corals form sedimentary rocks. Calcite also attracts attention in medical science and pharmacy as a primary or intermediate component in biomaterials because it possesses excellent biocompatibility along with suitable physicochemical properties. Calcite blocks have already been used during surgical procedures as a bone substitute for reconstructing bone defects formed by diseases and injury. When producing CaCO3 biomaterials and bioceramics, in particular, in vivo control of the size and polymorphic nature of CaCO3 is required. In this study, we investigated the effects of PO4 on calcite formation during the phase conversion of calcium sulfate anhydrate (CaSO4, CSA), which is sometimes used as a starting material for bone substitutes because of its suitable setting ability. CSA powder was immersed in 2 mol/L Na2CO3 solution containing a range of PO4 concentrations (0–60 mmol/L) at 40 °C for 3 days. The treated samples were investigated by X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, and thermal analysis. In addition, the fine structures of the treated samples were observed by field-emission scanning electron microscopy, and the specific surface area was measured. We found that PO4, which is universally present in vivo, can modulate the calcite crystal size during calcite formation. A fluorescence study and calcite crystal growth experiments indicated that PO4 adsorbs tightly onto the surface of calcite, inhibiting crystal growth. In the presence of high PO4 concentrations, vaterite is formed along with calcite, and the appearance and stability of the CaCO3 polymorphs can be controlled by adjusting the PO4 concentration. These findings have implications for medical science and pharmacology, along with mineralogy and geochemistry.
Determination of the corresponding roughness height in a WDS model containing old rough pipes
Authors: Annus Ivar , Vassiljev Anatoli , Kändler Nils , Kaur Katrin
Published: October 2019

The aim of the paper was to determine the influence of irregular pipe wall roughness on the flow velocity in a water distribution system (WDS) containing old pipes. Field studies have shown that due to pipe wall build-up, the shape of the inner pipe surface can vary temporally and spatially. This will lead to unrealistic pipe roughness values when calibrating the WDS model using nominal pipe diameters. Therefore, in this study, three types of pipe wall build-up were investigated using EPANET2 and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to estimate the velocity correction coefficients for EPANET2 calculations. It was shown that in old rough pipes, the mean velocities are higher than expected, indicating that in water quality estimation in a WDS, actual pipe diameters with reasonable roughness need to be defined.
Machine learning models for the estimation of monthly mean daily reference evapotranspiration based on cross-station and synthetic data
Authors: Wu Lifeng , Peng Youwen , Fan Junliang , Wang Yicheng
Published: October 2019

The estimation of reference evapotranspiration (ET0) is important in hydrology research, irrigation scheduling design and water resources management. This study explored the capability of eight machine learning models, i.e., Artificial Neuron Network (ANN), Random Forest (RF), Gradient Boosting Decision Tree (GBDT), Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), Multivariate Adaptive Regression Spline (MARS), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Extreme Learning Machine and a novel Kernel-based Nonlinear Extension of Arps Decline (KNEA) Model, for modeling monthly mean daily ET0 using only temperature data from local or cross stations. These machine learning models were also compared with the temperature-based Hargreaves–Samani equation. The results indicated that the estimation accuracy of these machine learning models differed in various scenarios. The tree-based models (RF, GBDT and XGBoost) exhibited higher estimation accuracy than the other models in the local application. When the station has only temperature data, the MARS and SVM models were slightly superior to the other models, while the ANN and HS models performed worse than the others. When there was no temperature data at the target station and the data from adjacent stations were used instead, MARS, SVM and KNEA were the suitable models. The results can provide a solution for ET0 estimation in the absence of complete meteorological data.
Underrepresented groups in WaSH – the overlooked role of chemical toxicants in water and health
Authors: Kearns Joshua P. , Bentley Matthew J. , Mokashi Poorva , Redmon Jennifer H. , Levine Keith
Published: October 2019

The anthropogenic release of chemicals from industry, agriculture and the breakdown of consumer wastes constitute a major threat to water resources and public health. Pollution is severe and increasing in the developing world where chemical substances are produced, used, and disposed of in an unregulated manner. The global public health consequences of chemical pollution are comparable to or greater than those of widespread infectious diseases such as HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, and malaria. However, chemicals have so far been neglected by the WaSH sector. Here, we report the results of a systematic review of the Journal of Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene for Development (2011–2018) and oral/poster presentations given at the UNC Water & Health Conference (2010–2018). The review enumerated studies that focused on water quality and treatment from a chemical perspective, highlighting in particular organic contaminants of emerging concern. Organic chemicals were addressed in only 2% of journal articles and fewer than 0.7% of conference presentations. Geogenic contaminants arsenic and fluoride were only addressed in 2–3% of articles and presentations. The review concludes that a rapid, major effort to address toxic chemicals in WaSH is necessary to meet UN Sustainable Development Goals for universal access to safe and affordable drinking water by 2030.
Recycling water in U.S. cities: understanding preferences for aquifer recharging and dual-reticulation systems
Authors: Hess David J. , Collins Brandi M.
Published: October 2019

Recycling of effluent water from urban water-supply systems is often a more sustainable water source than increased use of surface sources, groundwater sources, and desalination. However, water-supply organizations (WSOs) often do not take full advantage of recycled water. Although recycling water for direct potable use is efficient, public concern with safety has tended to cause WSOs to favor other uses for recycled water. This study examines patterns in the degree of utilization of two main indirect uses of recycled water: dual-reticulation systems and groundwater recharge. Drawing on case studies of four U.S. cities that are leaders in the use of recycled water, the study identifies conditions that favor the choice of one option over the other. Where cities are concerned with groundwater recharge of potable water supplies, they tend to prefer non-recycled water if available for recharge projects. However, where non-recycled water supplies are limited, recycled water may be prioritized for aquifer recharge. Otherwise, the preference is for use by large industrial partners such as power plants or for exchanges for higher-quality potable water resources with rural systems. In contrast, dual-reticulation (purple-pipe) systems for direct nonpotable recycling face steep economic and technical challenges.
Renal Alterations Induced by the Venom of Colombian Scorpion Centruroides Margaritatus
Authors: Galíndez-Cerón J.D. , Jorge R.J.B. , Chavez-Acosta M.H. , Jorge A.R.C. , Alves N.T.Q. , Prata M.M.G. , Rodrigues F.A. de Paulo , Havt A. , Sampaio T.L. , Martins A.M.C. , Guerrero-Vargas J.A. , Monteiro H.S.A. , Beltrán-Vidal J.T.
Published: October 2019

Background:

Scorpion venom causes renal injury and affects vascular ion-channels function. Centruroides margaritatus scorpion is found in Colombia and is frequently the cause of envenomation accidents; however, its renal impact has never been investigated.

Objective:

To evaluate the effects of C. margaritatus venom (CmV) on renal parameters using isolated rat kidney and renal cell culture models.

Methods:

Wistar rats (n = 5, weighing 240-300 g) were first perfused with Krebs-Henseleit solution containing 6 g 100 mL-1 bovine serum albumin. After 30 minutes, the kidneys were perfused with CmV to a final concentration of 10 μgmL-1; evaluation was performed by measuring Perfusion Pressure (PP), Renal Vascular Resistance (RVR), Urinary Flow (UF), Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR), and percentage of electrolyte tubular transport. Moreover, kidney histological analyses and cell cytotoxicity in renal tubule epithelial cells (MDCK) and proximal tubular cells (LLC-MK2) were assessed.

Results:

CmV increased PP and RVR 60 min after perfusion. On the other hand, UF, GFR, and the percentages of sodium, potassium and chloride tubular transport decreased after experimental envenomation. UF dropped after 120 min, while GFR and percentage of electrolyte tubular transport diminished after 60, 90 and 120 min. CmV was not toxic to MDCK cell line but reduced the viability of LLC-MK2 cells at concentrations ranging from 6.25 to 200 μgmL-1. Histological analyses disclosed hydropic degeneration, edema, and protein deposits. Flow cytometry disclosed that cell death occurred predominantly by necrosis.

Conclusion:

Our results suggest that C. margaritatus venom can trigger renal impairment, mainly in the proximal kidney tubule.
Gas Phase Ionization of Toluene: Benzylium Versus Tropylium Pathway
Authors: Nguyen Thao , Aparicio Mario , Saleh Mahmoud A.
Published: October 2019

Aim:

In this investigation, we used accurate mass high-resolution gas chromatography
mass spectrometry to study the gas phase carbocations rearrangements and fragmentation
of toluene and halo-toluenes as well as their deuterium labeled compounds.

Objective:

Accurate mass of selected ions from ionization of toluene and related compounds
revealed that the initially formed radical cation C7H8
+. does not rearrange to
tropylium radical cation contradicting published literature.

Methods:

When the toluene radical cation was purely selected, it was found to lose a free
radical (hydrogen atom) at collision energies greater than 5 eV and forming benzylium or
tropylium cation C7H7
+ (m/z = 91), with no other fragmentations.

Results:

The resulting cation at collision energy greater than 20 eV fragmented by losing
acetylene or ethylene or allene molecule to form C5H5
+ (m/z = 65), C5H3
+ (m/z = 63) or
C4H3
+ (m/z = 51) respectively. Purely selected C5H5
+ cation at collision energy greater than
30 eV lost acetylene molecule and formed C3H3
+ (m/z =39).

Conclusion:

In this investigation toluene, halotoluene and their deuterated derivatives
(structural isomers) were found to ionize in the gas phase with isomer retention. Historically,
it has been suggested that the seven carbons and hydrogen atoms would become indistinguishable.
However, this should be revised in the light of new technologies.
Utilidad de la difracción de rayos x en las nanociencias
Authors: Aparicio Ceja Martha Eloísa , Carbajal Arizaga Gregorio Guadalupe
Published: October 2019

Resumen: La difracci.n de rayos x (DRX) es una herramienta que se ha utilizado durante el último siglo para el estudio de minerales, compuestos y materiales. Las nanociencias descubrieron que en dimensiones nanométricas, materiales antes conocidos muestran nuevos fenómenos y propiedades. Esto llevó a que se aplicaran técnicas de caracterización en estado sólido tradicionales, como la DRX a sistemas nanométricos. En este trabajo recopilamos casos publicados principalmente en América Latina en los que la DRX ayuda resolver problemas en la escala nano.
Siliceno, una nueva mirada al silicio en dos dimensiones
Authors: Rubio-Pereda Pamela , Takeuchi Noboru
Published: October 2019

Resumen: El siliceno, un material bidimensional de estructura hexagonal similar al grafeno, ha estado recientemente en la mira de la comunidad científica de las nanociencias debido a que podría extender por mucho las posibles aplicaciones del silicio, elemento usado por excelencia desde hace más de medio siglo en la industria electrónica. Esta novedosa estructura bidimensional promete ofrecernos novedosas aplicaciones en la siguiente generación de componentes electrónicos, en la que predominarán dispositivos flexibles que revolucionarán la tecnología actual. Al igual que en el caso del grafeno, la cantidad de investigaciones teóricas acerca de esta prometedora estructura, se ha visto incrementada hasta abordar incluso el tema de la funcionalización de su superficie mediante la incorporación de diferentes elementos, para incluso sugerir aplicaciones en el ámbito de los sensores. Actualmente, diversos grupos de científicos experimentalistas se encuentran sintetizando esta estructura mediante el empleo de diferentes técnicas. Los resultados de ambos experimentos teóricos y experimentales han propiciado una profusa cantidad de publicaciones, que han abierto nuevas líneas de investigación en torno a esta novedosa nanoestructura.
Nanomedicina y biomimetismo
Authors: Faustino-Vega Abraham , Quirino-Barreda Carlos Tomás
Published: October 2019

RESUMEN: Los sistemas materiales bioinspirados surgen a partir del mayor conocimiento de diferentes organismos vivos tales como: plantas, insectos, mamíferos y organismos marinos, por mencionar algunos. Estas formas de diseñar, procesar y ensamblar estructuras complejas para generar materiales altamente desarrollados con recursos mínimos pueden servir como modelo para diseñar sistemas de liberación de agentes terapéuticos (SLAT) con funciones óptimas. Los materiales bioinspirados que involucran el uso de superficies superhidrofóbicas y el ensamblado capa por capa están siendo implementados exitosamente para crear estructuras poliméricas o híbridas. Mimetizando la superficie, la forma, textura y movimientos de las células, dichos materiales pueden ayudar a superar el fenómeno de la fagocitosis y de esta forma hacer que los nanoacarreadores (vectores) permanezcan mayor tiempo dentro de la circulación sistémica para incrementar el control espaciotemporal de la liberación de agentes terapéuticos.
Estratégias para o uso da paisagem sonora como ferramenta na construção da camada de efeitos sonoros para roteiro, animatic e storyboard na animação
Authors: Leme Gerson Rios
Published: October 2019

É prática corriqueira empregar o som como consequência da parte visual no processo de produção audiovisual e, portanto, muitas vezes, com sua força narrativa subutilizada. A compreensão do som de modo dissociado do visual, somada a outras abordagens existentes do áudio para audiovisual (CHION, 2011; BEAUCHAMP, 2013) e a adaptação de práticas da educação sonora (SCHAFER, 2009), elucida particularidades do material sonoro e, posteriormente, enriquece a relação deste com a parte visual. O termo Paisagem Sonora (SCHAFER, 1991; 2001) e seus subtemas como, esquizofonia, Hi-Fi e Lo-Fi, também antrofonia, biofonia e geofonia (KRAUSE, 2013), dentre outros, trazidos para o campo audiovisual, ampliam o entendimento e a utilização prática do material sonoro em filmes de animação, além de viabilizarem e estimularem a abordagem menos subjetiva do som como instrumento de auxílio e suporte na construção da narrativa de produtos fílmicos de animação. Ainda, encorajam a elaboração do universo sonoro atrelado à criação do roteiro a partir do uso de estratégias propostas, na pré-produção da animação, com objetivo de ampliar a pré-visualização do produto final e oportuniza a identificação de pontos que eventualmente precisem ser mudados.
Processo de produção de uma animação: Uma abordagem teórica
Authors: Schirigatti Elisangela Lobo , Avrichir Ilan
Published: October 2019

A animação faz parte do universo audiovisual que por sua vez se enquadra nas Indústrias Criativas. Devido a velocidade na qual a tecnologia relacionada está evoluindo, percebe-se como tendência a disseminação da animação digital, o barateamento do processo produtivo e a divisão do trabalho intensivo. O objetivo do artigo é identificar os modelos do processo produtivo de uma animação disponíveis na literatura científica e no mundo do trabalho. A pesquisa é de natureza qualitativa, o estudo possui carácter exploratório, abordagem descritiva. Utilizou-se a pesquisa bibliográfica a partir de dados secundários, incluindo livros, periódicos, teses, dissertações e conteúdos disponíveis em páginas da web. Depois da contextualização teórica, os processos produtivos da indústria de animação foram descritos e analisados. Os processos encontrados são apresentados em formato de esquemas visuais e fluxogramas, destacando-se os pontos diferenciais que os compõem.
IMPLEMENTATION OF REGULATIONS BRING FOODS TO SCHOOL TO CONSUMPTIVE BEHAVIOR OF ELEMENTARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN PURWAKARTA
Authors: Pratama Deri Fadly , Altaftazani Deden Herdiana , Firdaus Anugrah Ramadhan
Published: October 2019

This research is motivated by the issuance of government policies relating to the progress of the world of education. The purpose of this study is to examine the implementation of the policy on consumptive behavior among elementary school students. The research method used is a case study. Subjects in the study were 100 students who were divided into 3 (three) classes at the high class level at SDN Ciseureuh Kahuripan Pajajaran Purwakarta district, as well as providing relevant counseling to teachers, parents, community leaders and related stakeholders. The instrument used to measure the level of implementation in this regulatory policy is the observation and interview sheets while for the assessment of consumptive behavior is a matter of multiple choice, observation sheets and questionnaires given. The treatment given to stakeholders is counseling that optimizes the implementation of regulations to bring provisions to schools in the form of rules and policy levels using a persuasive approach. The results showed that the implementation of regulations bringing provision to schools initiated by Purwakarta district government significantly decreased the consumptive nature compared to students who did not receive treatment from the government regulations. Thus it can be concluded that the implementation of the regulation of bringing provisions to schools initiated by the Purwakarta district government can suppress the consumptive nature of elementary school students.
KONTRIBUSI TINDAKAN KREATIF PADA PENGUASAAN KONSEP SISWA MELALUI PROBLEM-BASED LEARNING PADA KONTEKS PENGAWETAN APEL
Authors: Azizah Farisa Nur , Rosbiono Momo , Sopandi Wahyu
Published: October 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyelidiki pengaruh model PBL (Problem-based Learning) terhadap tindakan kreatif dan penguasaan konsep siswa serta kontribusi tindakan kreatif terhadap penguasaan kosep siswa dalam materi larutan penyangga. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode mix method. Subjek penelitian adalah 34 siswa di kelas XI yang diberikan pembelajaran model PBL. Lokasi penelitian dilakukan di salah satu SMA Negri Tasikmalaya. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan Lembar Pesertadidik (LKP), lembar observasi, tes soal pilihan berganda dan angket. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif dan diuji statistik menggunakan IBM SPSS statistik 22. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat dampak positif model PBL pada tindakan kreatif siswa. Perbedaan signifikan antara rata-rata skor pretest dan posttest penguasaan konsep (p = 0,000) menunjukkan PBL juga memberikan pengaruh positif terhadap penguasaan konsep siswa. Terdapat kontribusi tindakan kreatif sebesar 8,3% pada penguasaan konsep siswa. Siswa menunjukkan ketertarikannya dengan model PBL sehingga membantunya lebih memahami konsep larutan penyangga
Impact of sustainable tillage on biophysical properties of Planosol and on faba bean yield
Authors: Romaneckas Kestutis , Kimbirauskienė Rasa , Adamavičienė Aida , Buragiene Sidona , Sinkevičienė Aušra , Sarauskis Egidijus , Jasinskas Algirdas , Minajeva Aleksandra
Published: October 2019

Decreased tillage intensity can contribute to a reduced agro-technological footprint and stabilise the negative impact of climate change, especially in leguminous crop cultivation. For this reason, a long-term (since 1988) stationary field experiment has been performed on silty loam Planosol (in Lithuania). The main objective of this study was to establish the influence of sustainable tillage and no-tillage systems on soil aggregate stability to water, penetration resistance, enzymatic activity, abundance of earthworm and faba bean grain yield. Five different tillage systems were investigated: conventional deep and shallow mouldboard ploughing, deep chiselling, shallow disking and no-tillage. No-tillage in faba bean cultivation significantly increased soil structural stability by 40–97%, saccharase content by 0.7–2.0 times, urease activity by 3–4 times, the average quantity of earthworm by 55% and the biomass by 3.6 times. The impact of other ploughless tillage systems on soil properties was positive but not as significant. Faba bean grain yield was more influenced by growing seasons than by different tillage methods.
Entre a aceitação e a fuga: a juventude negra em trânsito nos currículos escolares
Authors: Brito Eliana Póvoas Pereira Estrela
Published: October 2019

Este artigo beneficia-se de fragmentos extraídos de pesquisas realizadas em uma escola do ensino médio da rede pública do Estado da Bahia.  As questões que orientam este estudo residem em acompanhar os movimentos direcionados à subversão dos dogmas, das normatizações e dos mecanismos de controle colocados em funcionamento pelos e nos processos de escolarização. Pergunta-se: é possível escapar das armadilhas das identidades fixadas pelas normativas institucionais? É possível desestabilizar os caprichos da disciplina e seus efeitos sobre os corpos negros? Ao interrogar essas práticas curriculares na perspectiva da diferença, ou ainda, ao perguntar, parafraseando Stuart Hall (2002), “que 'negro' é esse na cultura negra?", o estudo apontou para movimentos de capturas e resistências aos lugares institucionais (pré)vistos pelos planejamentos curriculares. Palavras-chave: Currículo. Diferença. Relações étnico-raciais.
Educomunicação como recurso de midiartivismo
Authors: Freitas Ricardo Oliveira de
Published: October 2019

Analiso iniciativas de midiartivismo como práticas educomunicativas, a fim de compreender a importância da interseção entre arte e mídia para a elaboração de projetos pedagógicos e, mesmo, políticos.  Para tanto, apresento resultados de análises elaboradas acerca de artistas e coletivos de arte compromissados com ações que promovem discussões sobre temas como gênero, sexualidades, raça, etnia e localismos, com o intuito de contribuir para o fortalecimento da democracia, a conquista da cidadania, o desenvolvimento humano e a equidade de direitos.  Ao incentivar o uso artístico das tecnologias como instrumento político, afirmo que esse tipo de ativismo promove uma militância que é sempre formativa e pedagógica.   Palavras-chave: Midiartivismo. Educação popular. Educomunicação.
Challenges in teacher training: students' assessment of the de chemistry licentiate degree course by the IFMT
Authors: Leão Marcelo Franco , Oliveira Eniz Conceição , Moll Jaqueline
Published: October 2019

Brazilian education faces many challenges, among which as highlighted in this text, is the need to prepare future teachers with a scientific and humanistic foundation, without neglecting contemporary aspects such as new technologies. The Chemistry Licentiate Degree course offered in the DE modality by the IFMT has contributed towards training teachers of this subject to work in Basic Education. Thus, the objective of this study is to reflect upon the educational conjuncture and identify how the course scholars assess the training process they are receiving. The study is of a descriptive and exploratory survey type from a quantitative approach, that took place during February and March 2017, with 57 course scholars taking part. The data was collected through an electronic form sent via Google Drive that contained 5 Likert scale closed questions to analyze 44 aspects of this training process and its elements. The methodology applied to analyze the collected data was consensus analysis. The results from the calculated scores point that the course meets academic expectations, with the following aspects being best assessed: comprehension of concepts and the effort to perform the activities (such as self-evaluation), selection of the contents covered (referent to the trainers), quality of label information (referent to the VLE), videos (as didactic materials), and questionnaires (as evaluation instruments). The only aspect that received no positive consensus in the assessment were the chats. Therefore, the assessment of the early DE chemistry teacher training is one way of reflecting upon the challenges education faces in contemporary times. Keywords: Educational context. Early training. Training process.
O estágio supervisionado nas licenciaturas do IFPI: aspectos legais e contextos da prática como atividade formativa
Authors: Melo Ana Valéria Borges de Carvalho , Guedes Neide Cavalcante
Published: October 2019

O artigo tem como objetivo investigar em um primeiro momento os marcos regulatórios do Estágio no Brasil, por meio de uma retrospectiva histórica das legislações que regulamentaram o Estágio Curricular a partir do recorte cronológico e temporal que vai de 1942, com a promulgação da Lei Orgânica do Ensino Industrial, até 2008 com a sanção de Lei Nº 11.788, que dispõe sobre o estágio de estudantes, no sentido de compreender a visão de Estágio contida tanto nos textos legais nacionais quanto nos documentos institucionais do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Estado do Piauí - IFPI. No segundo momento comtemplamos elementos que permeiam o contexto da prática de estágio como atividade formativa obrigatória e requisito fundamental para obtenção do título de licenciando. As reflexões desse trabalho foram feitas à luz de autores como Pimenta (2005), Pimenta e Lima (2004), Piconez (2005), dentre outros. As conclusões se encaminham no sentido de compreender que na relação prática e estágio, perpassa um esforço no sentido de incorporar a legislação nas discussões sobre a formação realizadas pelos estudiosos dessa temática, buscando a superação de questões históricas. Portanto, se faz necessário o reconhecimento dos avanços, notadamente ao se considerar a dimensão prática de todas as disciplinas que compõem o currículo. Palavras-chave: Licenciaturas. Estágio Supervisionado. Formação de Professores. Prática.
Acerca do jovem no mercado de trabalho: uma breve retrospectiva das propostas educativas no ensino profissionalizante no Brasil
Authors: Lôbo Cláudia Barbosa , Gomes Marco Antônio de Oliveira
Published: October 2019

Neste trabalho analisamos os aspectos históricos, políticos e ideológicos das propostas do ensino profissionalizante no Brasil ao longo do período republicano. Assim, nosso objetivo pautou-se pela análise das justificativas e argumentos que consideram a existência de uma formação deficiente como responsável pela geração da exclusão, miséria e a ausência de mão de obra qualificada para o atendimento das necessidades econômicas do país. Como ponto de partida metodológico, levamos em consideração que a educação, como qualquer outra dimensão das relações sociais, vincula-se intrinsecamente com a estrutura de classes instituídas historicamente. Assim, a questão da educacional não pode ser pensada como se fosse um sistema ou subsistema à parte na vida social. De forma sintética, é possível indicar que o ensino profissionalizante está inserido num modelo dual de educação, que não alterou, nem poderia, a condição de classe dos filhos dos trabalhadores. Por fim, buscamos aporte teórico em autores como Frigotto (2010), Saviani (2011) e Romanelli (1978), considerando as categorias de análise do materialismo histórico e dialético. Palavras-chave: Educação Profissionalizante. Mercado de Trabalho. Educação Brasileira.
Percursos de autoria e subjetivação: entre rodas, rimas e clipes
Authors: Weihmüller Valentina Carranza , Silva Andréa Costa da , Siqueira Vera Helena Ferraz de
Published: October 2019

Neste artigo analisamos a construção de autoria e processos de subjetivação por um coletivo de hip hop que organiza rodas culturais, no complexo de favelas de Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro. As rodas culturais são iniciativas de caráter público, ligadas ao movimento hip hop e de recente surgimento na cena carioca. Com esse cenário, buscamos entender tais eventos e textos, em sua modalidade ao vivo, bem como nas mídias digitais. Compreendemos as rodas como instâncias culturais geradoras de processos de subjetivação e posições de sujeito, em suas dimensões: política, pedagógica, identitária e simbólica. Com base nos estudos culturais em sua vertente pós-estruturalista, assumimos as rimas, os eventos e as performances presentes nas rodas como artefatos discursivos, os quais nos fazem acreditar que na construção de autoria os/as jovens manifestam relevante agência na esfera cultural (urbana e digital), que é ao mesmo tempo pedagógica e política. Ao vislumbrarmos aspectos da construção de autoria, observamos os mecanismos de apropriação e criação de posições de sujeito que operam na produção e circulação de subjetivações, evidenciando como os/as jovens metaforizam e ironizam, a fim de denunciar e refletir sobre as violências e opressões diretas sobre a vida e os corpos, bem como sobre as objetivações normalizandoras e inferiorizantes que atuam nas formas de pensar, relacionar-se, e construir suas identidades. Palavras-chave: Autoria. Subjetivação. Juventudes. Hip hop.
Escola Técnica de Manaus (ETM) à Escola Técnica Federal do Amazonas (ETFAM) - (1942-1965): uma perspectiva histórica
Authors: Silva Vannessa Ribeiro da , Miki Pérsida da Silva Ribeiro
Published: October 2019

O atual estudo objetiva historicizar o processo da criação da Escola Técnica de Manaus (ETM) em 1942 e como sucedeu a modificação no ensino profissional até 1965 com a nova denominação – Escola Técnica Federal do Amazonas (ETFAM). Este artigo faz parte da dissertação intitulada “A mulher no ensino profissional em Manaus: visibilidade, espaços e dinâmicas na ETM e ETFAM (1937 a 1971)”. Ao apresentar o período de 1942 a 1965, questiona-se que mudanças ocorreram no ensino profissional por meio das políticas educacionais na Escola Técnica através da Lei Orgânica do Ensino Industrial, criação do SENAI, e a LDB nº 4.024/61. Analisa-se fontes documentais oficiais encontradas no Arquivo Digital Gustavo Capanema e do Arquivo Geral da Escola Técnica. No governo de Getúlio Vargas, em 1942, foi implementada a Reforma Capanema pelo Ministro da Educação Gustavo Capanema com as Leis Orgânicas do Ensino, e que regulamentaram o Ensino Secundário, Industrial, Comercial e a criação do SENAI. Com a LDB nº 4.024/61 ocorreu uma reformulação na estrutura do ensino profissional e modificou novamente o ensino no país. As configurações das políticas públicas por meio dos instrumentos normativos são relevantes para se compreender a organização do ensino e da sociedade brasileira, em determinado momento, com vistas à divisão e aos processos de exclusão social.  Palavras-chave: História da Educação. Escola Técnica. Políticas Educacionais.
Livros Didáticos: obstáculos verbais e substancialistas ao aprendizado da ciência química
Authors: Lopes Alice Ribeiro
Published: October 2019

Analisamos o ensino de Química no Brasil, do ponto de vista epistemológico e histórico, a partir de 107 livros didáticos utilizados na escola secundária, no período de 1931 a 1990. A epistemologia de Gaston Bachelard foi utilizada como referencial teórico, com destaque para a categoria de "obstáculo epistemológico", entendida como um entrave inerente ao próprio conhecimento científico, bloqueando a compreensão e o desenvolvimento da ciência. Entre os diferentes tipos de obstáculos, destacamos neste artigo o verbalismo e o substancialismo.

Abstract

We aimed analyse from the epislemological-historical point of view, the teaching of Chemistry in Brazil, so we selected 107 didactic books used al high school from period of 1931 to 1990. Gaston Bachelards epistemology was the theoretical reference for detaching the category of the epistemological obstacle, known as one of the inherent hindrances for the scienlifical knowledge itself, blocking the comprehension and the development of science. Among the different kinds of obstacles we detached verbalism and subslancialism.

Résumé

Afin d'analyser, du point de vue épistémologique et historique, renseignement de la chimie au Brésil, ont été sélectionnés 107 livres didactiques, adolés dans les trois années du deuxième cycle, pendant la période de 1931 à 1990. Le referendei théorique était l'epistemologie de Gaston Bachelard, surtout la catégorie d'obstacle épistémologique, enlendu comme les barrières propres à là connaissance scientifique, que bloquent Ia compréhension et le développement de là science. Dans cet article nous avons traité, parmi les différents types d'obstacles: le subslantialisme et le verbalisme.

Resumen

Este artículo analiza —del punto de vista epistemológico y histórico — la ensenanza de Química en Brasil, con base en 107 libros didácticos utilizados en là escuela de nível médio brasilena, en el período de 1931 a 1990. La epistemologia de Gaston Bachelard fue utilizada como fundamento teórico, con destaque para là categoria de obstáculo epistemológico, considerado como un entorpecimiento própio del conocimiento científico, estancando là comprensión y el desarrollo de là ciência. Entre los diversos tipos de obstáculos epistemológicos, discutiremos el verbalismo y el sustancialismo.