bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dialect polishing and solidarity with ‘the others’: merchants as language creators in the 19th century
Authors: Nesse Agnete
Published: October 2024

In this article, the linguistic choices of a group of young merchants and merchants’ sons are discussed. Living in Bergen in the second half of the 19th century, they wrote Danish and spoke a dialect marked by centuries of dialect and language contact. Most of them had some competence in German, some also in English and French. When Romanticism and nation building became dominating ideas in Norway, the merchants’ European culture and their mixed dialect did not seem appropriate. These men therefore turned their backs on both city culture and city language and started studying Old Norse and rural dialects as part of a movement promoting a language called Landsmål. They formed an organization called Vestmannalaget ‘The Association of Westmen’ in 1868, with the aim of helping to create a new Norwegian standard. In other places in Norway, those working for this new standard language usually had a rural background, and their mission was to promote pride in and the use of their own dialects and their own culture. The Association of Westmen however, aimed to learn a refined version of the dialects of the less privileged classes. This was controversial in the social class to which they belonged, and most of them did not linger on in the Landsmål movement as adults. They were young radicals who paved the way so that others, with closer ties to rural Norway, could take over the linguistic struggle.
Crystal structure of poly(3-thiophenecarboxylato-κ
3
O,O′:O′)-(methanol-κO)cadmium(II), C11H10O5S2Cd
Authors: Zhang Zhongyu , Liu Yunli , Han Bing , Men Xiaoxia
Published: October 2024

C11H10O5S2Cd, monoclinic, C2/c (no. 15), a = 18.303(5) Å, b = 10.806(3) Å, c = 13.859(4) Å, β = 95.074(4)°, V = 2730.4(14) Å3, Z = 8, R
gt(F) = 0.0186, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0488, T = 273.15 K.
Enriching Flaws of Scent عطر עטרה A Guava Scent Collection
Authors: Hoffman Thalia Katrin
Published: October 2024

This essay is written around the art-action عطر עטרה A Guava scent collection from an artist’s point of view. It connects the decision-making process and manifestations of the scent collection to dominant convictions about the “flaws” of scent and the sense of smell in Western philosophy. According to these convictions, the sense of smell and scent have no relevance to rational thinking and/or scientific knowledge and by implication to a political debate, for three reasons: scent is volatile, the sense of smell is non-verbal, and the sense of smell is too subjective to rely on. By contrast, I argue that the supposed “flaws” of scent and the sense of smell, might, in fact, contribute in a constructive and productive way to a sociopolitical debate, as will be demonstrated by the art installation of the Guava scent collection.
The lifeworld and the world of life: the concept of relevance and its foundation in organic nature
Authors: Strassheim Jan
Published: October 2024

This paper relates the concept of relevance to its biological foundations by combining Alfred Schutz’s social phenomenology and Helmuth Plessner’s theory of organic life and philosophical anthropology. Relevance interlinks human sign use with the human “lifeworld” (Husserl) as a whole. The biological foundations of relevance, in turn, interlink that lifeworld with the “world of life” that includes us among other lifeforms. I analyze human relevance as an interplay of two tendencies, termed “closedness” and “openness,” that underlies our production of “meaning” (Schutz). Relevance in this general sense involves not only the mind, but also the body of homo sapiens. To provide a unified theoretical framework, I reconstruct Plessner’s “philosophical biology.” According to Plessner, organic life consists in a tension between closedness and openness. This tension unfolds through the “levels” of plants, animals, and humans. Plessner’s analysis of humans as “excentric” animals helps explain the two tendencies that drive human relevance and distinguish our experience from that of our closest animal relatives. At the same time, Plessner traces a robust continuity between us and other lifeforms. The human “level” merely makes “explicit” certain elements (including the Cartesian distinction between “mind” and “body”) that all organisms implicitly possess.
Instructor Gender Influences Non-Major’s Drawings of an Entomologist
Authors: Reed M. L. , Hoback W. W.
Published: October 2024

The Draw-a-Scientist Test (DAST) has been extensively researched as a projective test used to assess individuals’ perceptions of scientists. This study investigated student perceptions of entomologists and compared responses of students taught by a male instructor with responses of students who viewed video lectures recorded by the male instructor but interacted with a female instructor. Data were collected from two sections of an introductory entomology course at Oklahoma State University, with one section taught by a male instructor and the other by a female instructor using lecture recordings of the male instructor. Drawings were analyzed for characteristics including facial expression, clothing, equipment, presence of insects, race, and gender. The majority of drawings included smiling faces, glasses, and entomology equipment, while few students illustrated persons of color. Specific criteria to classify drawn entomologists as male, female, or non-gender figures were developed and used to assess drawings. The majority of students in both sections drew male entomologists, consistent with previous DAST studies where male scientists predominate. However, a higher proportion of female entomologists were depicted in the section who interacted with the female instructor. These findings emphasize the impact of instructor gender on students’ perceptions and stereotypes. Even when lectures are given by a male instructor, interaction with a female instructor can positively influence the gender representation in students’ drawings. Efforts should be made to promote diversity and inclusivity in instruction to increase underrepresented groups in science. This study contributes criteria to assess student depictions of gender and provides valuable insights into the gender representation and characteristics depicted in student drawings of entomologists. It highlights the influence of instructor gender on students’ perceptions and stereotypes in entomology and likely applies to other fields of biology.
Teaching a More Accurate Model of the Evolution of Human Skin Color
Authors: Milks Kirstin J. , Brown Cloud Frank C.
Published: October 2024

In popular materials designed to teach American students about the evolution of human skin color, students are guided toward a model in which ancestral latitude predicts levels of skin pigmentation. While this model agrees with data from people whose ancestors practiced intensive agriculture in Europe, Asia, and Africa, this model does not match data from other human populations across the globe, including the predicted skin pigmentation of ancient hunter-gatherer populations who maintained long-term settlements in these same regions. In this review, we discuss findings from ancient genome sequencing and provide guidance on teaching an updated model on the evolution of human skin color. (To increase accessibility for non-specialists, we present here a targeted rationale for updating classroom teaching practices, with a set of frequently asked questions regarding the current state of scientific research on this topic addressed in supplemental material.) With this update, we hope to help students avoid common misconceptions about human evolution—particularly, that the evolutionary pressures encountered by those who adopted a single human culture would apply to all humans, everywhere—and leverage authentic data and argumentation to convey the anti-racist reality that people with a wide range of skin colors thrived in high-latitude regions for many thousands of years, just as students with a wide range of skin colors can thrive in whatever place they currently call home.
Gaga for Golgappa
Authors: Dumas Hugo Ribadeau
Published: October 2024

The article documents and discusses the special bond between women and one particular street food item: golgappa (also known as pani puri). The study relies on two sets of data collected in Purnea, a small city of North India. First, a survey (n = 530) provides evidence that snacking patterns are highly gendered, as women display a disproportionate penchant for golgappa, while men have more diverse eating preferences. Second, quantified ethnographic observations (n = 120 food stands) confirm that golgappa stalls represent key spaces of socialization for female urban dwellers. The article proposes several hypotheses to explain the popularity of golgappa among women. Moving beyond patriarchally engineered biological explanations, it focuses on issues of access to the public space. In a context of restricted mobility, golgappa serves as a convenient pretext for women to venture onto the streets. Designed for rapid consumption, golgappa allows women to conform to societal norms by minimizing the time spent in public, thereby reducing the disruption of gendered expectations. Additionally, the (imagined) association of golgappa with femininity—particularly in pop culture—increases its social legitimacy for women. The concluding section offers a reflection on the nature and texture of socialization practices among men and women in small Indian cities. Overall, the article contends that eating out represents a critical feminist issue.
Cooking Up the Black Arts
Authors: Kelling Meredith
Published: October 2024

This article reviews Vertamae Smart-Grosvenor’s classic text Vibration Cooking beyond its initial use as a culinary handbook, reading deeply into its many references to improvisation and liberation. Through countless allusions to friends and colleagues in free jazz, Black Arts, and other crucial 1960s Black artistic and political circles, Smart-Grosvenor’s text uses recipes to both cover and convey the work of everyday liberationist praxis in the Black Arts Movement circles of which she was a crucial member. In this article, I review Smart-Grosvenor’s longstanding relationships with key musicians, activists, writers, and performers for whom improvisation across many modes engendered processes of Black liberation. For Smart-Grosvenor, the liberatory capacities of improvisation also existed in cooking, where ritual, inherited food cultures, ad hoc executions, and commensality worked together to create space for and feed a movement for Black freedom.
Decentering Food Pedagogies
Authors: Abarca Meredith E. , Dey Ishita , Guevarra Anna Romina , Kikon Dolly , Sen Debarati
Published: October 2024

In this collaborative essay, five gastrofeminists from various disciplines, mainly literature, anthropology, sociology, ethnic studies, and diverse locations of Global South and Global North, share four collaborative experiments built around two axioms: to integrate experiences of students as gendered and racialized subjects in their experiential learning irrespective of disciplinary boundaries, and to integrate critical feminist scholarship that destabilizes ethnocentric notions around consumption, production, and distribution of food. Through the four collaborative experiments: students’ food voice, autobiographies, collective kusina, and food walks, the pedagogues bring embodied lived experience in conversation with critical pedagogy, expanding some of the foundational ideas of feminist pedagogy, especially of not treating theory, research, and experience as independent silos. Each of these collaborative experiments calls for a need to create dialogic space through a collaborative co-learning process and offers a decolonial reading of texts through recognizing the difference and diversity of our classrooms.
METHOD OF DETERMINING THREE ACOUSTIC SENSORS FOR REGISTRATION THE BALLISTIC WAVE OF AN ARTILLERY SHOT
Authors:   Odesa Polytechnic National University, Demydenko V. E. , Retsenko S. S. ,   National University «Odesa Maritime Academy», Institute of the Naval Forces, Maksymov M. M. ,   National University «Odesa Maritime Academy», Institute of the Naval Forces
Published: October 2024

Abstract. The paper is dedicated to the development of the method of identifying acoustic sensors for registering ballistic and muzzle waves of an artillery shot. The proposed method allows solving the problem of selecting three acoustic meters from the existing set in the firing zone, which are the most suitable for implementing effective registration of ballistic and muzzle waves of a shot, taking into account their location, measurement error, and the probability of failure-free operation. Keywords: artillery shooting, verification of shots, ballistic wave, method of identifying acoustic sensors
An attempt to search for the common cellular mechanism of ovulation across all metazoans
Authors: Takahashi Takayuki , Ogiwara Katsueki
Published: October 2024

In brief

Ovulation, the female reproductive process whereby fertilizable oocytes are released from a mature ovarian follicle, is widely seen in all animals that sexually reproduce. This paper reveals that, despite the remarkably diverse styles of ovulation among animal taxa, most ovulate via follicle rupture and suggests that the rupture process may operate via similar cellular mechanisms across animals.

Ovulation is the process by which a fertilizable oocyte is extruded from the interior of the follicle. Herein, we conducted a literature survey to explore the ovulation patterns of 11 sexually reproducing species belonging to 10 animal phyla. These results indicate a large variety of ovulation patterns. Further comparative biological and evolutionary considerations of these results led us to conclude that most female animals ovulate via follicle rupture. We propose that in all animals that ovulate by follicle rupture, two cellular events may be critically involved in the process: i) the disintegration of cell junctional systems leading to intracellular cytoskeleton rearrangement in the follicle cells and ii) the degradation of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins filled between follicle cells. These events may result in follicular cell deformation and increased motility, both of which are necessary for the formation of a path through which an oocyte escapes from the follicle. In addition to the requirement of ECM degradation for disintegrating cell junctions, intensive ECM protein degradation at the apical region of the follicle probably became increasingly important in late-evolving animals, such as vertebrates, in which a thick follicle wall containing a large abundance of ECM proteins is formed. We also considered hypothetical scenarios for the evolution of ovulation in these animals. Furthermore, this article discusses future problems that need to be solved for a more comprehensive understanding of ovulation in the animal kingdom.
Evolución de los programas de administración en Colombia:
Authors: Montalvo-Rodríguez Juan Carlos , Gonzalez-Tique Sergio , Portugal-Ortiz Victor Manuel
Published: October 2024

The purpose of this research was to identify the evolution of administration programs in Colombia. A prospective method was followed from the econometric technique of the moving average of order 4, to analyze the historical requests for qualified records in 5 categories of administration programs: 1. General administration 2. Agroindustrial, environmental and health administration 3. Administration Transport, logistics National and international commerce. 4. Hotel management, tourism, and ecotourism. 5. Administration and finance. The results show the relevance of a general approach of the administration programs in Colombia and their possibilities of strengthening through alternatives of emphasis related to logistics and international business, finance, and agro-industrial and environmental management. The results are limited to the geographical area studied and must be adapted to the local needs of the cities where new administration programs are developed. The practical implications are aimed at strengthening the electives of the administration programs in Colombia and the consideration of general administration programs for the opening of new programs. The methodology in which the study was developed is applicable to other educational programs, both nationally and internationally. The study distinguishes itself by retaking different foundations of the evolutionary economy and of the prospective, applied to the identification of the potential demands of the administration programs in Colombia, from the analysis of their historical behavior.
Identificación de variables financieras, tributarias y contables que determinan la sostenibilidad empresarial de las pequeñas y medianas empresas (pymes) del departamento del Meta
Authors: Pérez Lotero Luisa Fernanda , Villegas Velásquez Daisy Marleny , Quiñonez Mosquera Guillermo Alejandro
Published: October 2024

The purpose of this article is to identify the financial, tax and accounting variables that determine the business sustainability of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the department of Meta, from a methodology with a quantitative and descriptive approach. The problem is based on not having the implementation of the business sustainability method, to have healthy financial information, taking into account accounting, tax and financial factors. As a result, the work shows the participation of 266 SMEs in the different economic activities, which describe the assets reported in the year 2021. Subsequently, the correlation between the management of the companies is disclosed, showing various aspects of their financial, economic and sustainable and includes their respective categorization and operational utility. It is highlighted that the greater the economic management, the greater the sustainable management. In the same way, in the operational profit compared to the net profit, regarding the construction economic activity, the net profit is higher than the operational one. It is also indicated in wholesale and retail economic activity, no difference is evident with respect to the value reported in operating profit and net profit, since they are exactly the same. In the economic activity of transport, there is no difference in the values ​​reported and it can be established that the data is not reliable, if it is taken into account that they are not based on the accounting reality of the SME. The nature of the article is investigative and financed by the University of Los Llanos.
PARTICLE MORPHOLOGY AND PHASE COMPOSITIONS OF COPT AND COPD NANOSTRUCTURED SYSTEMS IN THE REGIONS RICH IN PRECIOUS METALS
Authors: ZAKHAROV YU.A. , TIKHONOVA I.N. , PUGACHEV V.M. , POPOVA A.N. , ZAKHAROV N.S. , DODONOV V.G. , RUSSAKOV D.M.
Published: October 2024

The morphology of nanoparticles, structural-phase properties, and phase transformations that occur during heating in the nanostructured CoPt and CoPd systems rich in precious metals, obtained by co-reduction of aqueous precursor solutions by hydrazine hydrate, were studied by X-ray diffraction and X-ray structural analysis, small-angle X-ray scattering, and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. The results obtained are of interest for the development of the fundamentals of materials science of bimetallic nanoalloys, and provide a key to understand the processes of the formation of FePt, CoPt and FePd nanoalloys while heating intermetallic compounds with a highly ordered structure L10, which possess record-setting magnetic and magneto-optical properties.
CATALYTIC HYDROGENATION OF CO IN THE PRESENCE OF LIGNIN-BASED CATALYSTS OBTAINED BY HYDROTHERMAL SYNTHESIS
Authors: IVANTSOV M.I. , SVIDERSKII S.A. , KRYSANOVA K.O. , SOTNIKOVA A.E. , KULIKOVA M.V.
Published: October 2024

The work is concerned with the development of a new type of iron-containing catalyst (Ct) based on lignin for the hydrogenation of carbon monoxide. Catalytic systems were obtained by hydrothermal synthesis and studied using a set of physicochemical methods (Fourier Transform IR spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, low-temperature nitrogen adsorption, elemental analysis, atomic absorption analysis, X-ray phase analysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy). Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area analysis, elemental analysis, atomic absorption analysis, X-ray fluorescence (XRF), transmission electron microscopy (TEM). It is shown that the formed catalysts are fine-grained, non-pyrophoric, non-hygroscopic, black powders. The catalytic systems are determined to exhibit high activity in carbon monoxide hydrogenation: the conversion is close to 100%, the productivity with respect to С5+ hydrocarbons reaches 131.6 g/(kg Ct•h).
АНАЛИЗ ПОЛУЛОКАЛЬНОЙ СХОДИМОСТИ СХЕМЫ ТИПА НЬЮТОНА ЧЕТВЕРТОГО ПОРЯДКА С НОВОЙ МАЖОРАНТОЙ И СРЕДНИМИ УСЛОВИЯМИ ЛИПШИЦА
Authors: ДЖАИСВАЛ Д.П.
Published: October 2024

Основное внимание в данной статье уделено анализу полулокальной сходимости трехшаговой схемы типа Ньютона (ТШСТН), используемой для нахождения решения нелинейных операторов в банаховых пространствах. Выполняется новый анализ полулокальной сходимости ТШСТН, который основан на предположении, что обобщенное условие Липшица (ОУЛ) удовлетворяется первой производной оператора. Полученные выводы способствуют теоретическому пониманию ТШСТН в банаховых пространствах и имеют практическое значение для различных приложений, таких как интегральные уравнения, что служит дополнительным подтверждением представленнвых результатов.

The main focus of this paper is an analysis of the semilocal convergence (S.C.) of a three-step Newton-type scheme (TSNTS) used for finding the solution of nonlinear operators in Banach spaces (B.S.). A novel S.C. analysis of the TSNTS is introduced, which is based on the assumption that a generalized Lipschitz condition (G.L.C.) is satisfied by the first derivative of the operator. The findings contribute to the theoretical understanding of TSNTS in B.S. and have practical implications in various applications, such as integral equations further validating our results.
ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ АЛГОРИТМА АНСАМБЛЕВОГО СГЛАЖИВАНИЯ КАЛМАНА В ЗАДАЧЕ ОБРАТНОГО МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЯ ДЛЯ МОДЕЛЕЙ ПЕРЕНОСА И ДИФФУЗИИ
Authors: КЛИМОВА Е.Г.
Published: October 2024

Изучение распространения в пространстве и времени парниковых газов, а также оценка потоков с поверхности Земли этих газов с помощью системы усвоения данных представляет собой актуальную задачу мониторинга состояния окружающей среды. Одним из подходов к оценке потоков парниковых газов является подход, основанный на предположении, что потоки постоянны в заданной подобласти и на заданном временном интервале (порядка недели). Это обусловлено как необходимостью эффективной реализации алгоритма, так и свойствами используемых в таких задачах данных наблюдений. Современные задачи оценки потоков парниковых газов с поверхности Земли имеют большую размерность, поэтому обычно рассматривается вариант, в котором оцениваемой переменной являются потоки, а модель переноса и диффузии входит в оператор наблюдения. При этом возникает проблема использования больших окон усвоения, в пределах которых оцениваются значения потоков на нескольких временных интервалах. В работе рассматривается алгоритм оценки потоков по данным наблюдений из заданного временного интервала. Алгоритм является вариантом алгоритма ансамблевого сглаживания, широко применяемого в таких задачах. Показано, что при использовании окна усвоения, в котором происходит оценка значений потоков для нескольких временных интервалов, алгоритм может становиться неустойчивым, при этом нарушается условие наблюдаемости.

The study of the spread of greenhouse gases in space and time, as well as the assessment of fluxes from the Earth's surface of these gases using a data assimilation system is an urgent task of monitoring the state of the environment. One of the approaches to estimating greenhouse gas fluxes is an approach based on the assumption that fluxes are constant in a given subdomain and over a given time interval (on the order of a week). This is due to both the need for an effective implementation of the algorithm and the properties of the observational data used in such problems. Modern problems of estimating greenhouse gas fluxes from the Earth's surface have a large dimension, therefore, a variant is usually considered in which the estimated variable is fluxes, and the transport and diffusion model is included in the observation operator. At the same time, there is a problem of using large assimilation windows, within which the flow values are estimated at several time intervals. The paper considers an algorithm for estimating fluxes based on observations from a given time interval. The algorithm is a variant of the ensemble smoothing algorithm, widely used in such problems. It is shown that when using the assimilation window, in which the flow values are estimated for several time intervals, the algorithm can become unstable, while the observability condition is violated.
ЯВНАЯ КОНЕЧНО-РАЗНОСТНАЯ АППРОКСИМАЦИЯ ДЛЯ ПРОСТРАНСТВЕННО-ВРЕМЕННОГО ДРОБНОГО ВОЛНОВОГО УРАВНЕНИЯ РИССА-КАПУТО ПЕРЕМЕННОГО ПОРЯДКА С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ ЭРМИТОВОЙ ИНТЕРПОЛЯЦИИ
Authors: О Ч.В. , РО В.М. , КИМ Ю.Ч.
Published: October 2024

Дробные операторы переменного порядка могут использоваться в различных физических и биологических приложениях, где скорость изменения представляющей интерес величины может зависеть от пространства и/или времени. В данной статье мы предлагаем явную конечно-разностную аппроксимацию для пространственно-временного дробного волнового уравнения Рисса-Капуто переменного порядка с начальными и граничными условиями в конечной области. Предлагаемая схема является условно устойчивой и имеет глобальную ошибку усечения O(τ2+h2). Также представлен численный эксперимент для проверки эффективности предлагаемой схемы.

Variable order fractional operators can be used in various physical and biological applications where rates of change of the quantity of interest may depend on space and/or time. In this paper, we propose an explicit finite difference approximation for a space-time Riesz-Caputo variable order fractional wave equation with initial and boundary conditions in a finite domain. The proposed scheme is conditionally stable and has global truncation error O(τ2+h2). We also present a numerical experiment to verify the efficiency of the proposed scheme.
Immediate Experience – Contradictio in Adjecto? Strategies for Reflecting on the Immediacy of Experience by M. Henry and T. Sodeika
Authors: Norus Laurynas
Published: October 2024

This article considers the problem of immediacy of experience in the philosophy of Michel Henry and Tomas Sodeika. The article argues that the tension between the requirements of descriptiveness and performativity in phenomenological philosophy emerges particularly vividly in the work of these philosophers. Both philosophers understand the immediacy of experience as an oxymoronic structure that cannot be directly described, requiring very specific efforts and ingenuity from the phenomenologist in order to convey it to the reader. The article analyses and compares the strategies for reflecting on the immediacy of experience in the work of the authors in question. Both philosophers, while emphasising the imperative of performativity in phenomenology, face the intractable contradiction between experience mediated by its description and life that, strictly speaking, cannot be mediated. This raises the question not only about the limitations of phenomenology, but also, more generally, about the limitations of philosophy itself.
Hobbes and Kant: Materialism and Rhetoric
Authors: Bustamante Kuschel Gonzalo
Published: October 2024

This article examines the subtle nuances of Hobbes’s and Kant’s perspectives on rhetoric and materialism, contextualising them within the broader framework of political philosophy. Despite both philosophers being critics of rhetoric, their approaches exhibit notable divergences. Hobbes, who advocated for monarchy, criticized rhetoric from the perspective of a materialist anthropology influenced by Lucretius. However, he paradoxically employed rhetorical strategies in his new scientia civilis. Despite critiquing both Lucretian materialism and rhetoric, Kant incorporated certain rhetorical elements compatible with his philosophical framework, particularly in relation to Epicureanism. This study analyses their interpretations of paradiastole and the implications for the political thought. The argument is that both thinkers, in seeking a rational foundation for the political order, anchor their notions of rationality in Epicurean materialism, by reconfiguring rhetorical elements to suit their respective philosophies. The article elucidates Kant’s republican proclivities and his aspiration to maximize the citizens’ autonomy, which contrasts with Hobbes’s monarchical orientation. This research contributes to a more nuanced understanding of the early modern political thought and its relevance to the contemporary republican and democratic theory.
Magnetic Somnambulism in Context. Hegel’s Criticism of Kluge on Hypnosis
Authors: Ortigosa Peña Andrés
Published: October 2024

This paper aims to explore Hegel’s conception of hypnosis, which he considers a pathological state. Much of the literature on Hegel’s views on hypnosis suggests that his conception is influenced by the Marquis de Puységur, the discoverer of this phenomenon. However, this paper explores the possibility that Hegel’s conception of hypnosis originates from the mesmerist Kluge. To show this, we analyse Hegel’s critique of hypnosis, which aligns more closely with Kluge’s proposal on hypnosis than that of Marquis de Puységur.
Neurally Adjusted Ventilatory Assist to Monitor Diaphragmatic Activity in Infantile Botulism
Authors: Darwish Nada , Wardinger Jaimie E. , Corr Tammy
Published: October 2024

Infantile botulism is a potentially life-threatening neuromuscular disorder. It presents with descending paralysis that can involve the diaphragm and cause respiratory failure. Neurally adjusted ventilatory assist (NAVA) provides synchronized bilevel positive pressure by using electrical diaphragmatic (Edi) signals. Diaphragmatic paresis is thought to be a contraindication for using NAVA. However, the use of a NAVA catheter allows continuous assessment of diaphragm activity in infantile botulism. We discuss a case of infantile botulism in an infant from central Pennsylvania who presented with poor oral feeding, hypothermia, and lethargy and progressed to develop apnea and acute respiratory failure. The infant was intubated and mechanically ventilated. A diagnosis of infantile botulism was confirmed through the detection of botulinum toxin in the infant’s stool, and the infant was treated with botulism immune globulin neutralizing antibodies. During his recovery phase, a NAVA catheter was placed, which allowed monitoring of Edi signals to gauge the return of diaphragm activity and to assist with the assessment of extubation readiness. We describe the trends in this infant’s Edi signals following administration of globulin neutralizing antibodies and the successful transition to invasive, and subsequently, noninvasive NAVA. Our report demonstrates the clinical utility of monitoring diaphragmatic activity using a NAVA catheter and that NAVA provided adequate respiratory support to an infant during the recovery phase of infantile botulism.
A policisztás ovárium szindróma (PCOS) pszichológiai következményei
Authors: Tóth Erika , Sz. Makó Hajnalka , Teleki Szidalisz Ágnes
Published: October 2024

A policisztás ovárium szindróma (PCOS) egy genetikai prediszpozícióval rendelkező, összetett endokrin betegség, amely súlyos fiziológiai és pszichés komorbid szövődményekkel járhat. A tünetegyüttes természetéből adódóan a PCOS-sel élő nők úgy elsődleges (hormonális változások okozta), mint másodlagos (a betegséggel járó, teherként megélt tünetek által kialakult) pszichés szövődményekkel szembesülhetnek. Ennek ellenére a tünetegyüttes orvosi terápiája általában a betegség fiziológiai tüneteire korlátozódik, és a pszichés problémák feltárása és kezelése annak ellenére figyelmen kívül marad, hogy ezek sokszor a fiziológiai változókra (pl. inzulinrezisztenciára, cukorbetegségre, terméketlenségre) is visszahatnak, ezzel tovább súlyosbítva a kórképet. A tanulmány célja, hogy megismertesse ezt az összetett, többdimenziós és az egyes biológiai, pszichés és szociális tényezők cirkuláris egymásra hatásában alakuló betegséget és a vele való együttélés pszichés vonatkozásait. Elsőként bemutatjuk a PCOS szomatikus, illetve biomedikális vonatkozásait, a PCOS kórélettanának, diagnosztikus kritériumainak, fenotípusainak, patogenézisének és fiziológiai következményeinek tárgyalásával. Ezután részletesen ismertetjük a primer és szekunder pszichés szövődményeket, valamint a pszichés problémák megjelenését a PCOS fizikai tünetei mentén, többek között a depresszió, a szorongás, az életminőség, a szexuális funkcionalitás és a demográfiai változók hatásán keresztül, kiemelve a pszichés támogatás jelentőségét. Következtetéseink szerint a pszichológiai szövődmények megelőzése, szűrése és terápiája fontos része kell, hogy legyen a PCOS-sel élő nők kezelésének, ahogy fontos a betegek pontos tájékoztatása a betegség várható következményeiről is, a hosszú távon fenntartott életmódváltozás elérése céljából.
Az affektív érintés (simogatás) pszichofiziológiája. Narratív összefoglaló
Authors: Köteles Ferenc , Nyitrai Erika , Szemerszky Renáta
Published: October 2024

Elméleti háttér: Az affektív érintés (azaz a szőrös bőrfelület lassú simogatása) humán hatásaival kapcsolatos pszichológiai és pszichofiziológiai tudásanyag az elmúlt két évtizedben megtöbbszöröződött. Cél: Narratív összefoglalónk célja e friss empirikus tudásanyag, valamint az azt magyarázó elméletek bemutatása. Eredmények: Az empirikus eredmények az affektív érintés akut fájdalomcsillapító és stresszcsökkentő hatását sugallják. Az érintést közvetítő receptorok aktivitása emellett hozzájárulhat a testséma fenntartásához. Jelentős egyéni különbségek mutatkoznak az affektív érintésre való fogé- konyságban (az érintés észlelt kellemességében), ezek mögött részben a kötődési stílus különbségei húzódhatnak meg. Következtetések: Evolúciós szempontból az affektív érintés a homeosztázis fenntar- tásának szociális eszközeként közelíthető meg, csecsemőkortól egészen felnőttkorig.
Exercise Addiction Inventory-3 (EAI-3): Psychometric properties of the Hungarian version
Authors: Szabo Attila , Árok Pálma , Vujić Aleksandar , Morvay-Sey Kata , Granziol Umberto
Published: October 2024

Background and aims: The Exercise Addiction Inventory (EAI), based on the components model addictions, is a 6-item instrument used to assess the risk of exercise addiction (REA). Its revised version (EAI-R) was published in 2019 but only differed from the original scale in the response rating range (using a 6-point rather than 5-point Likert scale). In 2023, the EAI-3 was released with two new items (guilt when missing training and exercising despite injury). We aimed to test the validity and reliability of the Hungarian EAI-3 (EAI-3-HU). Methods: We tested 507 regular exercisers (Mage = 38.7 years, SD age = 10.63 years, range age: 18–78 years; 62.7% females) who completed the EAI-3-HU, the obsessive passion subscale of the Passion Scale, and exercise habits questions on the online Qualtrics research platform during autumn/winter 2023–2024. Results: Confirmatory factor analysis resulted in a good model fit for the two factor EAI-3-HU (CFI = .96; TLI = .94; RMSEA = .07; SRMR = .04). However, the covariance between the latent factors was .97, indicating that they measure an identical concept. Thus, a single-factor solution was appropriate (CFI = .96; TLI = .94; RMSEA = .07; SRMR = .04). Testing measurement invariance revealed the partial scalar invariance across genders. The internal reliability of the scale was good (Cronbach’s α = .81). The scale had good convergent validity with obsessive passion (r = .72), and discriminant validity based on exercise frequency as well as exercise intensity (p < .001). Conclusion: The 8-item single factor EAI-3-HU adequately assesses the Hungarian samples’ REA. Nevertheless, it should be kept in perspective that the revised tool, like its predecessors, only assesses a level of ‘risk’, which does not imply morbidity, thus it has no clinical diagnostic value.
The Image Politics of Puan Maharani in the Podcast ROSI
Authors: Laili Nisful , Pawito Pawito , Hastjarjo Sri
Published: October 2024

Podcasts are typically employed by political figures to attract public attention and build a political image. Puan Maharani, a chair of the House of Representatives, who has a bad image in society, uses this media to build a positive image with clarification content. This research aims to analyze the podcast ROSI by KompasTV with a guest Puan Maharani, allegedly intended to build a positive image. This is qualitative research with Fairclaugh analysis at three levels, micro, meso, and macro. At the micro level, we found representations of the texts delivered by Puan Maharani; at the meso level, we found that the existing representations were discourses to build her political image; and at the macro level, we revealed a deep understanding of the use of podcasts for creating and improving a positive political image. Puan's clarification was conveyed well in the podcast. Apart from that, regarding the issue of Megawati’s interference in Puan's position as the Indonesian House of Representatives, Puan clarified no interference at all.
Commodification of Religion in Marketing Communication for Sharia-Compliant Properties
Authors: Darojatun Rina , Busro Busro
Published: October 2024

This study explores the influence of integrating religious values and the use of religious symbols in marketing Sharia-compliant properties on consumer purchase decisions. Employing a netnographic method, this analysis observes consumer interactions on the Instagram account @shariagreenland, revealing how spiritual resonance and the commodification of religious symbols affect consumer preferences and behavior in the property sector. The findings reveal that religious symbols are strategically used in the marketing of Sharia-compliant properties, not only to support religious identity but also as a tool to create added value in consumer perception. These symbols are integrated into various marketing aspects, from property branding using the term “Islamic Housing”, to payment systems and facilities that comply with Islamic law, indicating the occurrence of religious commodification. Furthermore, this research identifies marketing strategies that commodify religious symbols as a major differentiating factor influencing consumer interest. The results of this study provide important insights for property developers in formulating effective marketing strategies, emphasizing the need for an authentic and transparent approach in integrating religious values into their product offerings. These findings contribute to the literature on consumer behavior in the context of Sharia-compliant properties and highlight broader social and cultural dynamics surrounding the commodification of religion in contemporary marketing.
Urgensi Pendidikan Menurut Al-Qur’an dan Hadits
Authors: Idris Idris , Ridho Abdul Rasyid
Published: October 2024

Artikel ini dilatarbelakangi oleh pentingnya menguraikan pengertian pendidikan dan asal kata pendidikan, fungsi pendidikan terhadap setiap orang, dan juga ayat-ayat dan hadist yang berkaitan dengan pendidikan. Adapun tujuan penulisan artikel ini adalah mengetahui pengertian pendidikan, mengetahui asal kata dan fungsi pendidikan terhadap setiap orang, dan memahami ayat-ayat dan hadist yang berkaitan dengan pendidikan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif karena ingin menjelaskan fenomena alamiah. Hasil penelitian mengindentifikasi beberapa ayat Al-Quran dan hadits yang berkaitan dengan pendidikan. Urgensi pendidikan mengacu pada proses pembinaan dan pengarahan yang lebih luas dalam pembentukan kepribadian dan sikap mental kepada peserta didik sebagai bekal dalam menjalankan peran mereka sebagai hamba dan khalifah Allah di dunia ini.
Keamanan Digital dalam Perspektif Al-Qur'an: Kasus Kejahatan Phishing
Authors: Saidah Indah Siti
Published: October 2024

Ancaman phising yang mengintai masyarakat akhir-akhir ini menjadi momok yang menakutkan. Phising menjadi tindakan kriminal dalam dunia digital yang harus terus diberantas. Aksi kejahatannya berdampak 3M yaitu merugikan, merusak dan menyakiti. Phising sudah termasuk penipuan dan pencurian. Seperti tabungan, data, identitas dan lain-lain. Salah satu faktor pelaku phising melakukan hal tersebut adalah motivasi finansial atau mendapatkan keuntungan. Tak ayal banyak korban yang merasakan kerugian hingga milyaran rupiah. Padahal Al-Qur’an sudah mewanti-wanti dan melarang cara yang demikian. Berikut ini adalah kajian tekstual berdasarkan ayat-ayat al-Qur’an tentang etika sosial, terutama dengan mengambil kasus kejahatan phishing. Kajian ini mendapati bahwa phishing adalah kejahatan sosial yang harus diberantas dengan cara penegakan hukum.
Transparansi Zakat Digital Berdasarkan Nilai-nilai Al-Qur’an
Authors: Saputra Teguh
Published: October 2024

Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk memberikan solusi dengan memanfaatkan potensi besar dalam ibadah zakat. Penulis menawarkan konsep pengembangan dalam menunaikan ibadah zakat ke arah transparansi zakat digital sebagai upaya mengentas kemiskinan. Transparansi zakat digital dipilih sebagai sektor terdepan karena memiliki potensi besar yang tersimpan pada pelaksanaanya berupa bukti amanah dari pengelola zakat serta bukti kemudahan yang dirasakan oleh masyakarat selaras dengan firman Allah Swt dalam surah Al-Baqarah ayat 285 “Allah menghendaki kemudahan bagimu, dan tidak menghendaki kesukaran bagimu”. Selain itu juga, selaras dengan surah At-Taubah ayat 103 mengenai perintah zakat serta surah At-Taubah ayat 60 mengenai kewajiban amanah dalam pengelolaan dan penyaluran zakat.
Expansion of metabolically labelled endocytic organelles and cytoskeletal cell structures in

Giardia lamblia

using optimised U-
ExM
protocols
Authors: Jetishi Clirim , Balmer Erina A , Berger Bianca M , Faso Carmen , Ochsenreiter Torsten
Published: October 2024

Understanding cellular ultrastructure is tightly bound to microscopic resolution and the ability to identify individual components at that resolution. Expansion microscopy has revolutionised this topic. Here we present and compare two protocols of ultrastructure expansion microscopy that allow for 4.5-fold mostly isotropic expansion and the use of antibodies, metabolic labelling, and DNA stains to demarcate individual regions such as the endoplasmic reticulum, the nuclei, the peripheral endocytic compartments as well as the ventral disc and the cytoskeleton in Giardia lamblia. We present an optimised, shortened, and modular protocol that can be swiftly adjusted to the investigators needs in this important protozoan model organism.
Ar
s
enite treatment induces
Hsp90 aggregates

distinct
from

conventional
stress granules
in fission yeast
Authors: Tomimoto Naofumi , Takasaki Teruaki , Sugiura Reiko
Published: October 2024

Various stress conditions, such as heat stress (HS) and oxidative stress, can cause biomolecular condensates represented by stress granules (SGs) via liquid-liquid phase separation. We have previously shown that Hsp90 forms aggregates in response to HS and that Hsp90 aggregates transiently co-localize with SGs as visualized by Pabp. Here, we showed that arsenite, one of the well-described SG-inducing stimuli, induces Hsp90 aggregates distinct from conventional SGs in fission yeast. Arsenite induced Hsp90 granules in a dose-dependent manner, and these granules were significantly diminished by the co-treatment with a ROS scavenger N-acetyl cysteine (NAC), indicating that ROS are required for the formation of Hsp90 granules upon arsenite stress. Notably, Hsp90 granules induced by arsenite do not overlap with conventional SGs as represented by eIF4G or Pabp, while HS-induced Hsp90 granules co-localize with SGs. Nrd1, an RNA-binding protein known as a HS-induced SG component, was recruited into Hsp90 aggregates but not to the conventional SGs upon arsenite stress. The non-phosphorylatable eIF2α mutants significantly delayed the Hsp90 granule formation upon arsenite treatment. Importantly, inhibition of Hsp90 by geldanamycin impaired the Hsp90 granule formation and reduced the arsenite tolerance. Collectively, arsenite stimulates two types of distinct aggregates, namely conventional SGs and a novel type of aggregates containing Hsp90 and Nrd1, wherein Hsp90 plays a role as a center for aggregation, and stress-specific compartmentalization of biomolecular condensates.
Promoter methylation and increased expression of PD-L1 in patients with active tuberculosis
Authors: Tseng Yen-Han , Pan Sheng-Wei , Huang Jhong-Ru , Lee Chang-Ching , Hung Jung-Jyh , Hsu Po-Kuei , Chen Nien-Jung , Su Wei-Juin , Chen Yuh-Min , Feng Jia-Yih
Published: October 2024

The PD-1/PD-L1 pathway plays a pivotal role in T cell activity and is involved in the pathophysiology of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) infection. DNA methylation is a mechanism that modulates PD-L1 expression in cancer cells. However, its effect on PD-L1 expression in macrophages after MTB infection remains unknown. We prospectively enrolled patients with active tuberculosis (TB) and non-TB subjects. The expression of PD-L1 and methylation-related genes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were investigated and their correlation with disease severity and treatment outcomes were examined. PD-L1 promoter methylation status was evaluated using bisulfite sequencing. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) and immunofluorescence (IF) staining were used to visualize PD-L1- and TET-1-expressing cells in lung tissues from patients with TB and in macrophage cell lines with MTB-related stimulation. In total, 80 patients with active TB and 40 non-TB subjects were enrolled in the analysis. Patients with active TB had significantly higher expression of PD-L1, DNMT3b, TET1, TET2, and lower expression of DNMT1, compared to that in the non-TB subjects. The expression of PD-L1 and TET-1 was significantly associated with 1-month smear and culture non-conversion. IHC and IF staining demonstrated the co-localization of PD-L1- and TET-1-expressing macrophages in patients with pulmonary TB and in human macrophage cell lines after MTB-related stimulation. DNMT inhibition and TET-1 knockdown in human macrophages increased and decreased PD-L1 expression, respectively. Overall, PD-L1 expression is increased in patients with active TB and is correlated with treatment outcomes. DNA methylation is involved in modulating PD-L1 expression in human macrophages.
Direct
detection of stringent alarmones
(pp)pGpp using malachite green
Authors: Schicketanz Muriel , Petrová Magdalena , Rejman Dominik , Sosio Margherita , Donadio Stefano , Zhang Yong Everett
Published: October 2024

The alarmone (p)ppGpp serves as the signalling molecule for the bacterial universal stringent response and plays a crucial role in bacterial virulence, persistence, and stress adaptation. Consequently, there is a significant focus on developing new drugs that target and modulate the levels of (p)ppGpp as a potential strategy for controlling bacterial infections. However, despite the availability of various methods for detecting (p)ppGpp, a simple and straightforward detection method is needed. In this study, we demonstrated that malachite green, a well-established compound used for phosphate detection, can directly detect (p)ppGpp and its analogues esp., pGpp. By utilizing malachite green, we identified three new inhibitors of the hydrolase activity of SpoT, one of the two RelA-SpoT homolog (RSH) proteins responsible for making and hydrolyzing (p)ppGpp in Escherichia coli. These findings highlight the convenience and practicality of malachite green, which can be widely employed in high-throughput studies to investigate (pp)pGpp in vitro and discover novel regulators of RSH proteins.