bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinical influences of anticentromere antibody on primary Sjögren’s syndrome in a prospective Korean cohort
Authors: Park Youngjae , Lee Jennifer , Koh Jung Hee , Choe Jung Yoon , Sung Yoon-Kyoung , Lee Shin-Seok , Kim Ji-Min , Park Sung-Hwan , Kwok Seung-Ki
Published: August 2020

Background/Aims: This study was performed to clarify inf luences of anticentromere antibody (ACA) on clinical phenotypes of primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS) patients in Korea. Methods: We assessed 318 patients who met the 2016 American College of Rheumatology/ European League Against Rheumatism classification criteria for pSS. All patients were selected from the Korean Initiative of primary Sjögren’s Syndrome (KISS), a prospective cohort. Among them, 53 patients were positive for ACA, while another 265 patients were not. We compared various clinical data including demographic features, extra-glandular manifestations (EGMs), clinical indices, and laboratory values available from the KISS database between the two groups. Results: Patients in the ACA-positive pSS group were older (p = 0.042), and had higher xerostomia inventory scores (p = 0.040), whereas glandular dysfunction represented with Schirmer I test was more severe in the ACA-negative group. More frequent Raynaud’s phenomenon and liver involvement (both p < 0.001) and less articular involvement (p = 0.037) were observed among the EGMs in the ACA-positive group. Less frequency of leukopenia (p = 0.021), rheumatoid factor (p < 0.001), anti-Ro/SSA antibody positivity (p < 0.001), and hypergammaglobulinemia (p = 0.006), as well as higher positivity rates of anti-nuclear antibody and anti- topoisomerase antibody (p < 0.001 and p = 0.006, respectively) were found in the laboratory data in the ACA-positive pSS group. Conclusions: Considering distinct phenotypes in hematological and serological features and EGMs, we should monitor the occurrence of these clinical features among pSS patients with ACA in caution.
Preceptor Criteria Revisited
Authors: Bohnarczyk Nancy , Cadmus Edna
Published: August 2020

Background:

Preceptor selection criteria based on demographic data has been shown to yield inconsistent degrees of success in the role. The purpose of this mixed-methods study was to determine if preceptors with different levels of innovativeness identified different benefits and challenges when implementing the preceptor role.

Method:

A mixed-methods study was conducted using online surveys to determine each participants' individual level of innovativeness. Interviews were conducted with preceptors from each innovator category to identify benefits and challenges in implementing the preceptor role.

Results:

Preceptors who scored lower in innovativeness identified challenges that were not discussed by preceptors who scored higher in innovativeness. Conversely, preceptors who scored higher in innovativeness identified benefits that were not common to preceptors with lower levels of innovativeness.

Conclusion:

Opportunities for nurse educators and facility nurse leaders were presented to meet the diverse needs of the preceptor and provide for more consistent implementation of the preceptor role.

[
J Contin Educ Nurs
. 2020;51(9):425–432.]
Orbit codes from forms on vector spaces over a finite field
Authors: Aguglia Angela , Cossidente Antonio , Marino Giuseppe , Pavese Francesco , Siciliano Alessandro
Published: August 2020

In this paper we construct different families of orbit codes in the vector spaces of the symmetric bilinear forms, quadratic forms and Hermitian forms on an \begin{document}$ n $\end{document}-dimensional vector space over the finite field \begin{document}$ {\mathbb F_{q}} $\end{document}. All these codes admit the general linear group \begin{document}$ {{{{\rm{GL}}}}}(n,q) $\end{document} as a transitive automorphism group.
Display of Native Antigen on cDC1 That Have Spatial Access to Both T and B Cells Underlies Efficient Humoral Vaccination
Authors: Kato Yu , Steiner Thiago M. , Park Hae-Young , Hitchcock Rohan O. , Zaid Ali , Hor Jyh Liang , Devi Sapna , Davey Gayle M. , Vremec David , Tullett Kirsteen M. , Tan Peck S. , Ahmet Fatma , Mueller Scott N. , Alonso Sylvie , Tarlinton David M. , Ploegh Hidde L. , Kaisho Tsuneyasu , Beattie Lynette , Manton Jonathan H. , Fernandez-Ruiz Daniel , Shortman Ken , Lahoud Mireille H. , Heath William R. , Caminschi Irina
Published: August 2020

Follicular dendritic cells and macrophages have been strongly implicated in presentation of native Ag to B cells. This property has also occasionally been attributed to conventional dendritic cells (cDC) but is generally masked by their essential role in T cell priming. cDC can be divided into two main subsets, cDC1 and cDC2, with recent evidence suggesting that cDC2 are primarily responsible for initiating B cell and T follicular helper responses. This conclusion is, however, at odds with evidence that targeting Ag to Clec9A (DNGR1), expressed by cDC1, induces strong humoral responses. In this study, we reveal that murine cDC1 interact extensively with B cells at the border of B cell follicles and, when Ag is targeted to Clec9A, can display native Ag for B cell activation. This leads to efficient induction of humoral immunity. Our findings indicate that surface display of native Ag on cDC with access to both T and B cells is key to efficient humoral vaccination.
Maternal- and Fetal-Encoded Perforin-2 Limits Placental Infection by a Bloodborne Pathogen
Authors: Gayle Petoria , McGaughey Vanessa , Hernandez Rosmely , Wylie Marina , Colletti Rachel C. , Nguyen Ka Lam , Arons Marshall , Padula Laura , Strbo Natasa , Schesser Kurt
Published: August 2020

Placental immune responses are highly regulated to strike a balance between protection and tolerance. For relatively mild infections, protection encompasses both the mother and fetus; however, during worsening conditions, protection becomes exclusively reserved for the mother. Previously, we and others have shown that the host factor perforin-2 plays a central role in protecting mice and cells against infection. In this study, we analyzed perforin-2 activity in the mouse placenta to determine whether perforin-2 plays a similarly protective role. We show that perforin-2 is critical for inhibiting Listeria monocytogenes colonization of the placenta and fetus and that this protection is due to both maternal and fetal-encoded perforin-2. Perforin-2 mRNA is readily detectable in individual immune cells of the decidua, and these levels are further enhanced specifically in decidual macrophages during high-dose infections that result in fetal expulsion. Unexpectedly, inductive perforin-2 expression in decidual macrophages did not occur during milder infections in which fetal viability remained intact. This pattern of expression significantly differed from that observed in splenic macrophages in which inductive perforin-2 expression was observed in both high and mild infection conditions. In the placenta, inductive perforin-2 expression in decidual macrophages was coincident with their polarization from a CD206+ MHC class IIlo to CD206− MHC class IIhi phenotype that normally occurs in the placenta during high-burden infections. Our results suggest that perforin-2 is part of a host response that is protective either for both the mother and fetus in milder infections or exclusively for the mother during high-dose infections.
Neurological manifestations of COVID-19
Authors: Sachdev Kirti , Agrawal Sumita , Ish Pranav , Gupta Nitesh , Raheja Kapil
Published: August 2020

The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has been predominantly a respiratory manifestation. Currently, with evolving literature, neurological signs are being increasingly recognized. Studies have reported that SARS-CoV-2 affects all aspects of the nervous system including the central nervous system (CNS), peripheral nervous system (PNS) and the muscular system as well. Not all patients have reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction positive for the virus in the cerebrospinal fluid, and diagnosing the association of the virus with the myriad of neurological manifestations can be a challenge. It is important that clinicians have a high-index of suspicion for COVID-19 in patients presenting with new-onset neurological symptoms. This will lead to early diagnosis and specific management. Further studies are desired to unravel the varied neurological manifestations, treatment, outcome and long-term sequel in COVID-19 patients.
Prevalence of Refractive Errors and Intention to Use Prescription Glasses Regularly Among Secondary School Students in Ogijo Community, Ogun State, Nigeria
Authors: Osayamwen Oghosa W. , Amosu Ademola
Published: August 2020

Purpose: This study was conducted to assess the prevalence of refractive error among secondary school students, as well as their intention to use prescription glasses regularly.Methods: This was a cross-sectional school-based study with a qualitative component. A total of 359 secondary students aged 11-22years, were selected by multistage sampling method from seven schools in Ogijo community, Ogun state, Nigeria. Of the 359 students, 353(98.3%) were examined. The examination included Visual acuity measurement, ocular motility tests, retinoscopy & autorefraction under cycloplegia, and anterior & posterior segment examination. The data collected were analysed using the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS).Results: The prevalence of refractive error was 11.6%, and of the 41 participants who had refractive error, 65.9% were females while 34.1% were males. Myopia was at 5.1%, while hyperopia and astigmatism were 3.7% and 2.8% respectively. Participants had adequate information (`x =16.08 SD±2.29) regarding refractive error and the use of prescription glasses, but revealed a lack of motivation towards prescription glasses use (`x15.8 SD±4.2). Overall, participants expressed good intention to regular prescription glasses use (`x =12.89 SD±3.8).Conclusion: Refractive error among secondary students of Ogijo community, Ogun state, Nigeria is relatively high. The students expressed good intention to use prescription glasses regularly if given, but on certain conditions. A comprehensive school health program that incorporates school eye health promotion should be practiced effectively to address the misconceptions regarding the use of prescription glasses among the teachers, parents and students.

Keywords: Refractive errors, Adolescents, School health, community health, Health promotion.
Demographic Assessment of Low Vision in Niger State, Nigeria
Authors: Ike Oforbuike Onyebuchi , Akujobi Augustine Ugochukwu , Ismail Salma Mukhtar , Ike Onyinyechi Vivien
Published: August 2020

Purpose: The study was conducted to assess the demographic distribution of low vision in Niger State, Nigeria.

Methods: The retrospective cross-sectional study design was adopted. The study sample consisted of 306 low vision patients selected from a total of 12,960 clinical records of patients seen over a 5-year period (2012-2016) in three selected public hospitals in Niger State. Diagnostic criterion for low vision was based on World Health Organization (WHO) definition. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPPS) version 21.0.

Results: The prevalence rate of low vision was 2.36%. There were more males (184; 60.1%) than females (122; 33.9%). The males had a higher  proportion of the middle-aged (36-55 years; 33.7%) while the females had more of older adults/elderly (≥ 56 years; 33.6%). Low vision was most prevalent among students (39.2%). Glaucoma (118; 38.6%) was the leading cause of low vision. Albinism accounted for more than half (16/31) of low vision cases amongst children while glaucoma (37/91) and cataract (38/91) accounted for 82.5% of low vision cases among older adults/elderly. The majority (115; 37.6%) of patients had severe low vision (VA < 6/60 to 3/60). The uptake of low vision devices was high (217; 70.9%) and the spectacle magnifier (70; 22.9%) was mostly dispensed.

Conclusion: The study has provided baseline information on the demographics of low vision in NigerState, Nigeria which could be the basis for the planning of low vision services in the State.

Keywords: Demographic, assessment, low vision, Niger State, Nigeria.
Estudo comparativo sobre as consequências clínicas e sociais decorrentes das legislações sobre drogas ilícitas em Portugal e no Brasil
Authors: Consoli Larissa Ribeiro Pinto , Fantini João Angelo
Published: August 2020

Pela comparação com a legislação de Portugal, o artigo busca compreender como novas perspectivas e maneiras de atuação funcionam em outros lugares e em que medidas essa funcionalidade pode servir de parâmetro ou não para a realidade brasileira.A intenção é compreender caminhos que são traçados com o usuário de drogas ilegais a partir da legislação vigente, compreendendo as semelhanças e diferenças entre a realidade dos dois países, ou seja, a quais instâncias políticas e sociais usuários brasileiros e portugueses são encaminhados e como são vistos. Essas reflexões são tomadas a partir das legislações vigentes, de estatísticas levantadas, bibliografia coerente e ainda, introduzindo uma discussão a partir da teoria psicanalítica (Freud/Lacan) sobre a dependência química e as questões do sujeito frente a lei. Tendo sido encontrados dados sobre os sistemas carcerários e de saúde tanto de Portugal quanto do Brasil, a psicanálise serviu como lente para análises e interpretações propostas.
Política Nacional Sobre Drogas: uma análise da crença que permeia a lógica carcerária e a população atingida
Authors: Rodrigues Mattos Kênia
Published: August 2020

O presente artigo pretende dissertar acerca da Política Nacional sobre Drogas, atualizada com a Lei 11.343/2006, a Lei de Drogas. Discorrendo historicamente sobre as prerrogativas jurídicas que nortearam a questão das drogas no Brasil desde o início da república e as influências mundiais que corroboraram com os posicionamentos sociais, jurídicos e políticos, partindo do pressuposto da existência de uma crença estruturante social e institucional que rege os rumos da temática. Busca-se compreender de que maneira a Política Nacional sobre Drogas contribui para o encarceramento em massa e criminalização racial e da pobreza, condição que afeta diretamente as chamadas minorias políticas: populações negras, pobres e jovens.
Prevenção do abuso de drogas e a educação: distanciamentos e aproximações
Authors: Lima-Berton Tatiane Delurdes de , Monteiro Michelle Popenga Geraim , Pereira Alessandra de Paula , Asinelli-Luz Araci
Published: August 2020

O objetivo deste estudo é compreender como a temática prevenção do abuso de drogas é observada pela academia, assim como quais são as produções e as respectivas áreas, focando na Educação. Configura-se como pesquisa qualitativa, de Revisão Sistemática, sendo ferramenta adequada para tratar de processos de descoberta de lacunas relacionadas ao objeto de pesquisa. Dialogar sobre prevenção do abuso de drogas, por meio da Educação Preventiva Integral é ir além das substâncias, suas causas e consequências. Há a necessidade de discutir sobre o desenvolvimento humano e suas relações voltadas para a complexidade do sujeito. É oportunizar espaços de diálogo, segurança, confiança e honestidade em que todos percebam a importância da interação social e do cuidado com o outro.
Em um relacionamento sério com as drogas: sobre os sentidos alternativos da dependência química
Authors: Nascimento Fillipi Lúcio
Published: August 2020

Resenha do livro: SHUKLA, Rashi. Methamphetamine: a love story. Berkley: University of California Press, 2016.
Políticas sobre drogas e modelos de atenção em saúde: desafios e perspectivas
Authors: Lopes Fábio
Published: August 2020

Este trabalho possui como objetivo central discutir sobre modelos de atenção em saúde mental para usuários de álcool e outras drogas. O texto propõe analisar as diretrizes centrais dos modelos de atenção psicossocial e da lógica de redução de danos, de um lado, e as mudanças atuais e em vigor nas políticas sobre drogas, de outro. As análises apontam para um cenário de recrudescimento e retrocesso dos modelos de atenção e cuidado, em especial no que tange aos direitos de usuários e usuárias, bem como para riscos e ataques à consolidação das diretrizes do Sistema Único de Saúde. O artigo conclui destacando as fissuras que as atuais propostas em vigor significam à garantia de direitos de usuários de drogas, bem como às reconhecidas melhores práticas em saúde.Palavras-chave: Políticas sobre Drogas; Modelos de atenção a usuários de drogas; análise crítica.
The impact of corruption factor on investment attractiveness of the countries of Southeast Asia
Authors: Sukhanov V. A.
Published: August 2020

The author considers the mechanisms of corruption impact on institutional attractiveness of the countries of Southeast Asia. It is argued that investors not so much incur financial losses as suffer from indeterminacy and lack of awareness in the future of their business due to corruption. The paper also suggest an assessment of corruption levels in various SEA countries and characterizes practices of anti-corruption activities, especially successful in Singapore, where business and investment climate is considered to be one of the best in the world. Special attention is also paid to future prospects of Russian business in SEA.
Prospects for expanding the Shanghai Cooperation Organization  the position of Russia
Authors: Chernyavskiy S. I.
Published: August 2020

The article examines the problems associated with the expansion of the SCO, the estimation of the position of Russia on this question, formulated proposals for enhanced public diplomacy in the framework of the SCO.
The problem of the status of the Holy Places in Jerusalem and its impact on the Palestinian-Israeli conflict
Authors: Krylov A. V.
Published: August 2020

This article focuses on the legal status of Jerusalem - one of the most complex and debated issues of international law and international politics. Before the establishment of Israel in 1948, over the centuries in the Ottoman period and the years of the British Mandate there was no legally binding bilateral or international treaty that would clearly define the legal status of Jerusalem. However, both the Turkish authorities and the British administration in Palestine preceding from the fact that Jerusalem is the center of three world religions, fully ensured of the rights of believers of all confessions. In accordance with the well-known international instruments of law all Jerusalem should be a special territory of Corpus Separatum, which will be subjected to the international control (UN General Assembly Resolution 181 / II of 29 November 1947). However, in 1980 the Israeli Parliament declared Jerusalem the «eternal and undivided capital» of Israel, including the Arab territories of East Jerusalem occupied in 1967. This law, as well as the Israeli law on the protection of the Holy Places has radically changed the Status quo which existed for centuries. No country in the world recognizes Israel’s attempts to change the legal Status of the City. In the present article the following aspects are analyzed: • The Status of the Holy Places in Jerusalem, before the establishment of the British mandate over Palestine in 1922; • The Status of the Holy Places in Jerusalem in accordance with the international law instruments; • The Status of the Holy Places in Jerusalem after the partition of the City on the Israeli and Jordanian enclaves in 1948; • Change of the Status of the Holy Places of Jerusalem after the June 1967 War and the impact of this transformation both on the Arab-Israeli and the Palestinian-Israeli conflicts; • Actions taken by Israel to change the Status of the Temple Mount; • The problem of the Status of Jerusalem in the Palestinian-Israeli Peace Process.
The CSTO in new system of coordinates of the global international security. New calls and threats to security for the states of the CSTO and a form of response to them.
Authors: Orlov A. A.
Published: August 2020

Specifics of present moment of historical development is cardinal change of a geopolitical picture of the world. The period of partnership between Russia and the West came to an end. Partnership is succeeded by new structure of the international relations which will be constructed on much more pragmatic basis. At the same time it is obvious that the unipolar world was absolutely not effective. This world finally disbalanced all system of the international relations that was expressed in the number of the regional and local conflicts unprecedented before, and in return in the last two years of direct confrontation between Russia and the West.
South Korean Development Model
Authors: Lajčiak M.
Published: August 2020

South Korea is one of economic wonders of the late twentieth century. War-torn desolated and poverty-stricken country in the 1950s with a per capita income less then Haiti, Ethiopia, India or Yemen, achieved unprecedented economic development and legendary growth that brought her from one the most backward countries into an economic giant by the 1980s and later on one of the most advanced countries in the world in the 21st century. The process was characterized by rapid industrialization, phenomenal growth rates and incremental social transformation. The paradigm of Korean path was under scrutiny from politicians and academicians and many studies were devoted to this issue. The paper is briefly highlighting major schools of thoughts analyzing Korea´s model from different angles – developmental concept, new institutionalism, cultural school of values, historical trajectory theory and of international relations concept. The study does not have an ambition to go deeply into historical perspectives and developmental cycles of Korean economic success that are very well covered in a number of economic expertizes. Instead, the paper focuses on some selected aspects that, though sometimes forgotten to get a due attention, but substantially subscribed on the Korea´s industrialization successful story. The study includes considerations of the applicability of Korean model on other countries and brings also a brief insight into the modernization period that followed the path of democratization of the country after 1987.
The role of the special classes of Lazarev Institute in the development of “practical Oriental studies” in Russia in second half of 19th – beginning of 20th centuries
Authors: Volhonskiy M.
Published: August 2020

The article describes a complex path of development of domestic «practical Oriental studies» in the second half of XIX – early XX centuries by the example of special classes Lazarev Institute. Passing during this time through several major transformations of special classes became a leading Russian educational institutions specializing in the preparation of the «Orientalists practitioners», future diplomats and officials, called to serve in the Middle East, and Eastern and southern outskirts of the Russian Empire. Hallmark special classes was the use in the educational process achievements as «academic» and «practical Oriental studies».
Sovietization of Armenia in 1920 and Sergo Ordzhonikidze
Authors: Mukhanov V.
Published: August 2020

The article discusses the situation in the Caucasus that established by the summer of 1920, after the successful and rapid sovietization of Azerbaijan, as well as the actions of the Caucasus Bureau of the party, headed by Sergo Ordzhonikidze. Another focus of the article is the decision-making process in Moscow on the sovietization of Armenia and the relevant contacts with the new Turkish government of Mustafa Kemal. The article highlights the differences that existed within the Soviet leadership on the question of choosing the political line in relations with Armenia, and analyzes the position and actons of S. Ordzhonikidze, head of the Caucasian Bureau, who played a key role in the sovietization of the entire Transcaucasus region.
On Partnership of Civilizations
Authors: Popov V.
Published: August 2020

The article explains the reasons for nomination and traces the dynamics of the contents of the “dialogue of civilizations” and “alliance of civilizations” concepts. The reasons and circumstances that led to the ineffectiveness of attempts at their practical implementation are considered. The corresponding initiatives did not have a genuinely civilizational scale, closing in the framework of two monotheistic religions – Christianity and Islam.

The author postulates two sets of problems, around which a possible intercivilizational dialogue is possible -demographic problems and consumption optimization.
«Ghent Initiative» and Its Influence on Defense and Security Policy of the EU Countries
Authors: Petrov K. E.
Published: August 2020

The article considers the appearance and implementation of the concept of pooling and sharing of military resources of the EU countries, also known as “Ghent Initiative”. The conditions are analyzed under which it was suggested as a means of the reduction of military budgets. Individual programs that form parts of it, as well as their impact on the EU policy in the fields of security and defense are reviewed. The prospects of the initiative are also discussed, including the emergence of brand-new spheres within the general outline of defense and security policy, such as, for instance, the issues if cybersecurity. Nowadays due to lasting tensions between national interests and supranational institutional build-up the full-fledged implementation of “Ghent Initiative” in common European version is complicated. However, the search for non-NATO alternative military structures within the EU will be continued.
FAQs
Authors: Journals EJMS
Published: August 2020

FAQs
Four Species of True Morels (Morchella) Recorded from Poonch District (Azad Jammu and Kashmir)
Authors: Laala Gull-e- , Raja Muhammad Usman , Irshad Gulshan , Gardezi Syed Riaz Hussain , Akram Abida
Published: August 2020

A study was carried out in three administrative units (tehsils) of Poonch district of Azad Jammu and Kasmir (AJK) state to record the presence of true morels belonging to genus Morchella of class Ascomycetes. A periodic random survey was carried out during the year 2015-16. Distribution of four species of morels Morchella esculenta (40%), M. elata (30%), M. deliciosa (20%) and M. semilibera (10%) was recorded during survey period from February 15 to March 30. During rest of months of survey period no morel was observed in the same locations. The temperature during collection ranged between 3-7 °C. Morels were found growing under plant canopies, tree shades and on disturbed grass lands. To isolate, morels were dug out with the help of shovel and spade. Detailed macro and microscopic features such as stipe, pileus, spore shape and size were recorded. The minimum pileus diameter measured was about 1.0-2.5 cm in M. semilibera, while the maximum measurement of pileus diameter was 7.0-7.5 cm in M. elata. The minimum stipe length was about 1.5-5.0 cm in M. deliciosa, while the maximum measurement was observed 7.0-10.0 cm in M. semilibera. In addition, spore print (yellow, pale and black) was observed, while the maximum spore size was found in case of M. semilibera. The findings of this study showed the presence of four different species of morels in Poonch district of Azad Jammu and Kashmir.
Effect of Thermal Cycling on Corrosion Rate of Carbon Steel (0.4%C), Water Cooled
Authors: Elmaryami Abdlmanam , Salem Salem Ahmed , Saad Ali Saleh , Omar Mokhtar Hussien , Ali Khaled Rafaa
Published: August 2020

The effect of thermal cycling was carried out on steel bars (0.4 %C). A single run was performed at a lower temperature of 320C and an upper temperature of 5000C cooled in water and seawater. For several numbers of cycles up to 30 cycles for an accurate determination of heating and cooling times. The effect of thermal cycling on the corrosion rate was evaluated. The effect of thermal cycling on the following properties was evaluated the corrosion rate. The comparison between the effect of thermal cycling on carbon steel (0.4% C) seawater cooled (previous results, sea-water cooled [1]) and the effect of thermal cycling on carbon steel (0.4 C %) (in this manuscript, water-cooled) has been studied. From the obtained test results (previous and in this paper, it was found that the type of corrosion is uniform, the corrosion rate of the first stage gradually increases with the number of thermal cycling up to 15 cycles, then it takes steady-state up to 30 cycles. It was found that the rate of corrosion (previous results, seawater cooled) is more than (the results in this paper, water-cooled).
REVALUATING RURAL HERITAGE AS A SUSTAINABLE AND TOURIST RESOURCE: ARGAN (MOROCCO) AND EL PULQUE (MEXICO)
Authors: Balslev Clausen Helen , Velázquez García Mario Alberto
Published: August 2020

In this article we analyze the mechanisms used by social entrepreneurship to reposition a rural heritage asset and convert it or not, into a commercial and tourist product for the international market. Social entrepreneurship is an action by individuals or groups that currently can be more effective than the state operation in the recovery of rural products and regions within the Global South. To this end we will analyze the cases of argan production in Morocco, (Africa), and pulque in Mexico, (America). This research seeks to demonstrate the importance of technological innovation, but particularly the construction of narratives, imagery, and environmental certifications to attract international consumers to tourist products and places, as well as to allow an internal and national appreciation of these areas, their inhabitants, and assets.
The transition from rural to urban. The phenomenon of San Andrés Cholula, Puebla
Authors: Montero Pantoja Carlos , Hernández García Yesenia
Published: August 2020

This text describes the attempt to save a portion of agricultural land, through the agricultural park proposal, located in San Andrés, Cholula, Puebla (SACH). In the midst of an intense process of urban growth, in an unfavorable environment of dispute over the search for cheap land, although, due to speculation, here the cheap land was far above the cost of metropolitan urban land.
The concept of the agricultural park, in principle, defends the value of the soil as a substrate and nutrient of the territories with the natural conditions of their environment, in addition to the valuable role in the primary sector of the national economy. The park will become a strategy of preservation, as long as its inclusion in the urban territory is achieved, with an agricultural connotation, taking advantage of the residual urban spaces, but, above all, the existing agricultural spaces. In addition, the park will fulfill the functions of an urban green area and recreation.
At SACH there were three fortresses: there were farmers interested, in addition, the metropolitan planning and management instruments, updated; including the possibility of taking executive action on the project, through an undergraduate thesis topic. This exercise was partially worked with peasants who were threatened by urban growth, dazzled by the offer to buy their agricultural land. Also, they found attractive the idea that there was an alternative that would assure them the productive activity, being themselves participants of the project.
PENGARUH KECELAKAAN KERJA TERHADAP PRODUKTIVITAS KERJA KARYAWAN PT. MARUKI INTERNATIONAL INDONESIA
Authors: Suradi Suradi
Published: August 2020

Penyebab kecelakaan kerja ada empat faktor diantaranya: Faktor nasib dari par karyawan, faktor lingkungan fisik pada karyawan, seperti mesin, gedung,ruangan, peralatan, faktor kelalaian manusia dan faktor ketidak serasian kobinasi faktor-faktor produksi yang di kelolah dalam perusahaan. Metode penelitian yan digunakan adalah observasi yaitu pengambilan data dengan meninjau dan meneliti secara langsung hal-hal yang berkaitan dengan objek penelitian. Interview yaitu dengan mengadakan wawancara secara langsung dengan kepala seksi, karyawan maupun pihak-pihak yang berhubungan dengan keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja.Hasil penelitian dari nilai tabel F pada ᾳ 5% ; di mana dbreg = 2 dan dbres = n – 3 = 9 adalah 2,262 (Interpolasi). Dengan demikian nilai hitung F > nilai tabel F, maka H0 di tolak,artinya koefisien regresi signifikan Bahwa lingkungan kerja menpunyai hubungan sangat erat dan mempunyai pengaruh yang signifikasi antara pengaruh kecelakaan akibat alat pelindung diri dan akibat kelalaian manusia terhadap lingkungan kerja.
EVALUASI MESIN FILLING PADA BAGIAN PRODUKSI PT. DHARANA INTI BOGA (SUNTORY GARUDA)
Authors: Suradi Suradi , Hanafie Ahmad , Rusli Muhammad , Muzdalifah Muzdalifah
Published: August 2020

PT. Dharana Inti Boga (Suntory Garuda) merupakan perusahaan yang memproduksi minuman ready to drink yang beroperasi sejak tahun 2009. Yang harus diperhatikan dalam perusahaan minuman adalah efektifitas kerja mesin filling yang menjadi proses inti terbentuknya sebuah produk. Apabila terjadi kerusakan mesin filling maka akan menyebabkan terganggunya sistem produksi dan efeknya adalah menurunnya efektifitas produksi karena target produksi tidak tercapai dan mesin dapat menghasilkan waste yang dapat mengakibatkan kerugian besar. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve dan Control (DMAIC). DMAIC adalah sebuah siklus improvement yang berbasis kepada data (performance data), yang digunakan untuk meningkatkan, mengoptimasi dan menstabilkan desain dan proses bisnis pada suatu perusahaan. Tahapan pertama yang dilakukan yaitu melakukan pendefinisian bagian-bagian mesin filling yang dapat menghasilkan waste kemudian dilanjutkan dengan pengukuran jumlah waste agar diketahui waste yang paling memberikan kontribusi terhadap menurunnya efektifitas mesin filling. Adapun waste yang paling banyak dihasilkan adalah waste cair yang diakibatkan oleh overflow filler yang tinggi dan pengisian aktuator yang tidak stabil. Untuk itu maka harus dilakukan perbaikan untuk melaksanakan tindakan peningkatan dan pengendalian kualitas. Dengan adanya pengendalian kualitas diharapkan masalah waste dapat segera diatasi, dan tidak terulang kembali.
PROTOTYPE PENGATUR KECEPATAN MOTOR DC KR-20 BERBASIS ARDUINO UNO 328P MENGGUNAKAN REMOTE IR TSOP 1738
Authors: Arief Bijaksana Andi Muhammad , Darmulia Darmulia , Nurwahyu Muhammad , Adnan Adnan
Published: August 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang pengatur kecepatan motor DC dengan menggunakan sensor infra merah, dan untuk menguji hasil perancangan dengan meggunakan metode pengujian langsung. Adapun metode penelitian yang digunakan ialah metode perancangan. Metode perancangan bertujuan untuk membuat desain perancangan. Kemudian metode penelitian dilakukan melalui studi pustaka dan studi literatur. Setelah melakukan perancangan perangkat keras dan perangkat lunak maka langkah berikutnya adalah melakukan uji coba alat menggunakan Remote Infra merah sebagai pengatur kecepatan motor DC, dimana LCD akan menampilkan status motor DC. Dari hasil perancangan serta pembuatan prototype pengatur kecepatan motor DC dapat di simpulkan bahwa alat ini dapat menjadi sarana dalam menerapkan ilmu yang telah diperoleh selama kuliah untuk mengembangkan IPTEK, dan juga merupakan proses belajar secara nyata. Dan dapat diterapkan dalam dunia perindustrian untuk mempermudah dalam penggunaan alat-alat industri yang menggunakan motor DC.
METODE ALGORITMA NAIVE BAYES CLASSIFIER DALAM MEMPREDIKSI JADWAL BERLAYAR ANGKUTAN LAUT (FERY) BULUKUMBA KEPULAUAN SELAYAR
Authors: Syarifuddin Rizal , Rosmiati Rosmiati
Published: August 2020

Kecelakaan laut yang mengakibatkan musibah tenggelamnya kapal laut angkutan barang dan orang diakibatkan salah satunya adalah faktor cuaca. Akses akan informasi perkiraan cuaca menjadi penting sebelum kapten kapal laut memutuskan untuk melakukan pelayaran. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan melakukan penghitungan menggunakan algoritma naïve bayes dalam membantu kapten kapal mengambil keputusan untuk berlayar atau tidak. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada kapal roro penyeberangan laut dari pelabuhan bira Kabupaten Bulukumba ke Pelabuhan Benteng Kepulauan Selayar. Kriteria atau atribut yang digunakan untuk mengklasifikasi diperoleh dari data badan meterologi dan geofisika terkait parameter cuaca seperti angina didaratan dan buih gelombang laut sebagai atribut. Hasil pengujian penghitungan menunjukkan bahwa data set tersebut dapat diimplementasikan pada penghitungan algorithma naïve bayes untuk dipakai mengambil keputusan untuk melakukan pelayaran.
ANALISIS PENGENDALIAN KUALITAS PRODUK MARKISA TONGKONAN DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE STATISTIC QUALITY CONTROL (SQC) PADA IKM PALAWA CO
Authors: Haslindah Andi , Fadhli Muhammad , Nursanti Nursanti
Published: August 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengendalian kualitas produk markisa tongkonan pada IKM Palawa Co Industri di Kota Makassar. Pada penelitian ini metode analisis yang digunakan adalah Statistic Quality Control, yaitu sebuah metode statistik yang digunakan untuk mengukur sejauh mana proses pengendalian kualitas yang dilakukan pada suatu perusahaan, dimana hasilnya dibandingkan dengan standar yang diterapkan oleh perusahaan tersebut. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa pengendalian kualitas produk pada IKM Palawa CO Industri masih belum terkendali, dengan rata-rata kerusakan produk sebesar 3,30 % per hari. Jenis kerusakan yang paling banyak terjadi adalah Warna tidak merata dengan total 55.586 botol. Dari hasil observasi lapangan dan wawancara, faktor-faktor yang menjadi penyebab kerusakan ini adalah faktor manusia, mesin, lingkungan, metode kerja dan bahan baku.
OPTIMASI PENDISTRIBUSIAN PRODUK DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE DISTRIBUTION REQUIREMENT PLANNING (DRP) (Studi Kasus di PT. Makassar Te’ne)
Authors: Suradi Suradi , Haslindah Andi , Buana Putra Muhammad Aswad , Ramadhani Nur
Published: August 2020

Aktivitas pendistribusian merupakan salah satu faktor yang sangat penting dari akhir sebuah proses produksi. Distribusi ini sangat menentukan untuk meningkatkan efektifitas dan efisiensi dari sebuah perusahaan karena menyangkut penjadwalan dan tingkat biaya yang dibutuhkan untuk mendistribusikan sebuah produk. Metode yang digunakan dalam hal ini adalah metode Distribution Requirement Planning (DRP) dan data yang didapatkan berdasar data histori selama 1 tahun dengan tujuan penelitian yaitu, mengoptimalkan penjadwalan aktivitas distribusi dan melakukan distribusi dengan biaya yang efisien. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan pengolahan data yang dilakukan pada distribusi kota Surabaya dan Banjarmasin sesuai distribusi yang dilakukan oleh perusahaan total biaya distribusi sebesar Rp. 153.262.674 dengan total frekuensi pengiriman sebanyak 14 kali. Berdasarkan metode Distribution Requirement Planning (DRP) dengan menggunakan teknik forecasting (peramalan) linear regression, menghitung lot sizing (ukuran lot), dan safety stock (stok pengaman) maka, biaya distribusi yang dihasilkan sebesar Rp. 93.205.567 dengan total frekuensi pengiriman sebanyak 7 kali. Dengan menggunakan metode Distribution Requirement Planning (DRP) ini maka didapatkan penurunan biaya distribusi sebesar 39,18% atau sebanyak Rp. 60.057.107 dari biaya distribusi yang dilakukan tanpa menggunakan metode Distribution Requirement Planning (DRP).
PERANCANGAN SISTEM PENGONTROLAN KIPAS ANGIN BERBASIS MIKROKONTROLLER
Authors: Hanafie Ahmad , Madjid Sriwati , Muliawati Muliawati , Usman Rini Rusmaini
Published: August 2020

Saat ini perkembangan teknologi begitu maju dan menyajikan berbagai kelebihan-kelebihan yang menarik dan luar biasa. Teknologi yang berkembang saat ini menghasilkan berbagai macam alat elektronik yang memudahkan manusia menyelesaikan masalah dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui cara merancang suatu sistem dan bagaimana kinerja sensor suhu LM35 serta PIR. Metode penelitian dan pengembangan (RnD) dengan Arduino UNO sebagai pusat kendali rangkaian. Hasil dari penelitian ini yaitu terbangunnya sebuah sistem pengontrolan kipas angin berbasis mikrokontroller yang mana kipas akan berputar apabila sensor PIR mendeteksi bayangan serta sensor suhu LM35 membaca suhu sekitar ≥25 sampai ≥30 derajat kipas menyala dengan kecepatan rendah, Suhu sekitar ≥35 derajat kipas menyala dengan kecepatan sedang, Suhu sekitar ≥40 sampai ≥45 derajat kipas menyala dengan kecepatan tinggi dan apabila sensor PIR tidak mendeteksi bayangan kipas akan berhenti berputar. Kesimpulan penelitian ini yaitu merancang sebuah sistem dan setelah dilakukan pengujian kinerja dari sensor suhu LM35 kurang stabil dalam membaca suhu ruangan dan kinerja dari sensor PIR kurang maksimal dalam mendeteksi bayangan.
Islamic Counseling Approach by Abdullah Nasih Ulwan for Preventing Aggressive Behaviour Among School Students
Authors: Mohd Nor Noraniza , Syed Abdullah Syed Mohamad , Hadis A Rahman Siti Nur
Published: August 2020

The issue of aggressive behaviour is often the subject of serious discussion amongst discipline teachers and school counselors. From the Islamic perspective, aggressive behaviour is caused by the lack of Islamic values in aspects of student interaction at schools. Thus, the readiness of discipline teachers and school counselors to tap into the skills and knowledge of counseling using the Islamic approach is crucial in realizing the outlined educational development plan. This concept paper aims to enhance the effectiveness of Islamic counseling based on Abdullah Nasih Ulwan’s views in addressing aggressive behaviour among school students. The methodology of the study is in the form of literature reviews by examining books, journals and previous studies related to the topic of discussion. The study has found that there are 4 ways of dealing with aggressive behaviours among secondary school students based on Abdullah Nasih Ulwan’s view which are the responsibility of faith education, the responsibility of educating the mind, the responsibility of educating the mind awareness and the responsibility of educating the soul. The guidelines above should be utilized by school counselors in handling the issue of aggressive behaviours amongst school students.
ILMU PEMERINTAHAN SEBAGAI SUMBER DAN SUBSTANSI HUKUM TATA NEGARA
Authors: Tabusassa Tonralipu Andi Sandi Antonius
Published: August 2020

Ilmu pemerintahan dan hukum tata negara merupakan dua ilmu yang mempunyai ontology, epistimology danaxiology masing-masing. Namun keduanya tidak dapat berdiri sendiri-sendiri pada tataran pelaksanaannya.Bagaimana keterkaitan, posisi, dan perbedaan kedua ilmu tersebut merupakan isu yang dibahas dalamtulisan ini.Artikel ini dihasilkan dari penelitian normatif yang menggunakan studi literatur sebagai alat dan caramengumpulkan datanya. Data yang digunakan merupakan data sekunder. Setelah data terkumpul kemudiandianalisis dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif.Jadi pada tataran pragmatis, ilmu pemerintahan tidak bisa dilepaskan dari hukum tata negara dan hukum tatanegara pun tidak dapat berjalan sendiri tanpa ilmu pemerintahan. Hanya pada sisi ontology, epistimologymaupun axiology-nya kedua ilmu itu dapat dibedakan secara konkret tapi pada tataran implementasi,keduanya bersatu padu.
ILMU HUKUM, ILMU PEMERINTAHAN DAN DISKURSUS REPUBLIK DESA
Authors: Putra Anom Surya
Published: August 2020

Sekurang-kurangnya terdapat kesulitan awal untuk menjelaskan pandangan Ilmu Hukum (dalam pengertian sebagai jurisprudence) terhadap Ilmu Pemerintahan. Ilmu Hukum bersifat dogmatis karena mengutamakan validitas norma daripada fakta-fakta, sedangkan Ilmu Pemerintahan melaksanakan kebijakan pemerintahan secara faktual sebagai struktur hukum. Keterhubungan Ilmu Hukum dan Ilmu Pemerintahan terbentuk pada konteks ketegangan antara fakta dan legalitas. Di sisi lain Ilmu Sosial tentang Hukum (Legal Science) seperti Sosiologi Hukum terhubung dengan Ilmu Pemerintahan karena sama-sama memberikan makna pada hukum sebagai institusi dan hukum sebagai medium. Rekonstruksi Sosiologi Hukum dan diskursus Republik Desa telah menghasilkan pemikiran hukum sebagai medium integrasi sosial yang merasionalisasi hubungan antara Sistem (kekuasaan negara dan pasar) dengan Dunia-Kehidupan (Desa dan komunitas masyarakat).
PEMERINTAHAN LAGGAI PAHAM â€œARAT SABULUNGANâ€ DI KABUPATEN KEPULAUAN MENTAWAI PROVINSI SUMATERA BARAT
Authors: Samaloisa Rijel
Published: August 2020

Pemerintahan Laggai merupakan bentuk pemerintahan yang berbasis â€œArat Sabulunganâ€ di KepulauanMentawai yang merujuk pada identitas etnik berdasarkan kesamaan ras, suku agama, asal usul yang terikatdalam sistem budayanya untuk melakukan self regulasi; mengatur dan mengelola ulayat, teritori dan warisanadatnya. Mentawai salah satu etnis yang memperoleh kebijakan atas nama negara untuk memberlakukanpemerintahan modern seperti sistem pemerintahan nagari, pemerintahan desa menghadapi berbagai bentukpemerintahan modern seperti Desa, Nagari yang dipaksakan diberlakukan dalam melayani masyarakat diMentawai, yang berimplikasi pada eksistensi pemerintahan asli Mentawai tersebut yang ikut tergerus dantidak berfungsi.Penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk mengetahui hubungan pemerintahan Laggai di Mentawai denganpemerintahan modern yang beroperasi lewat praktek-praktek berpemerintahan. Selain hal tersebut,lewat penelitian ini penulis mengungkapkan benturan dan konflik-konflik yang muncul sebagai responditerapkannya pemerintahan modern. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan perilaku (behavioral)berpemerintahan. yakni menghimpun dan mengumpulkan seluruh tacit knowledge guna membaca tatananself regulasi yang sudah lama menjadi watak dari apa yang disebut pemerintahan oleh masyarakat Mentawai.Hasil studi menyimpulkan bahwa praktek berpemerintahan modern di Mentawai menghadirkan pertarungandan bentrokan kekuasaan. Pertarungan kekuasaan akhirnya menimbulkan konflik sebagai respon hadirnyapraktek pemerintahan modern tersebut. Demokrasi dan desentralisasi merupakan ruang bagi PemerintahanLaggai di Mentawai sebagai bentuk pengakuan dan penghargaan dari negara agar Pemerintahan Laggai diMentawai tersebut berfungsi maksimum untuk melakukan self regulasi kepada masyarakat.
Carbon and air pollutant emissions from China's cement industry 1990–2015: trends, evolution of technologies and drivers
Authors: Liu Jun , Tong Dan , Zheng Yixuan , Cheng Jing , Qin Xinying , Shi Qinren , Yan Liu , Lei Yu , Zhang Qiang
Published: August 2020

Abstract. China is the largest cement producer and consumer in the world. Cement manufacturing is highly energy-intensive, and is one of the major contributors to carbon dioxide (CO2) and air pollutant emissions, which threatens climate mitigation and air quality improvement. In this study, we investigated the decadal changes of carbon dioxide and air pollutant emissions for the period of 1990–2015, based on intensive unit-based information on activity rates, production capacity, operation status, and control technologies, which improved the accuracy of the cement emissions in China. We found that, from 1990 to 2015, accompanied by a 10.9-fold increase in cement production, CO2, SO2, and NOx emissions from China's cement industry increased by 626 %, 59 %, and 658 %, whereas CO, PM2.5 and PM10 emissions decreased by 9 %, 66 %, and 63 %, respectively. In the 1990s, driven by the rapid growth of cement production, CO2 and air pollutant emissions increased constantly. Then, the production technology innovation of replacing traditional shaft kilns with the new precalciner kilns in the 2000s markedly reduced SO2, CO and PM emissions from the cement industry. Since 2010, the growing trend of emissions has been further curbed by a combination of measures, including promoting large-scale precalciner production lines and phasing out small ones, upgrading emission standards, installing low-NOx burners (LNB) and selective noncatalytic reduction (SNCR) to reduce NOx emissions, as well as adopting more advanced particulate matter control technologies. Our study highlighted the effectiveness of advanced technologies on air pollutant emission control, however, CO2 emissions from China's cement industry kept growing throughout the period, posing challenges to future carbon emission mitigation in China.