bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lab-grown insect meat – Chemical and biological insights – A comprehensive review
Authors: Siddiqui S.A. , Ngah N. , Wu Y.S. , Kalita T. , Yudhistira B. , Ibrahim S.A.
Published: March 2024

Lab-grown insect meat is a promising alternative to traditional livestock for sustainable food production. This review paper aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current state of knowledge regarding lab-grown insect meat, emphasizing key aspects such as life cycle assessment, insect cell culture history, technological advancements, and bio-robotics in insect cell culture. Comparisons and challenges between insect and mammalian/avian cell culture methodologies are presented. The nutritional content of edible insects (proximate, amino acid, mineral, and vitamin content) and the potential health benefits of consuming insect meat are discussed. The paper also explores embryonic and adult myogenesis processes in insect cells, as well as the significance of insect body fat and muscle cells in culture. Applications of insect cell culture in various fields, such as food production and pharmaceutical development, are presented. Moreover, the potential occurrence of mutations in lab-grown insect cells is examined. Lastly, the review addresses the drawbacks and limitations of insect labriculture, discussing factors such as scalability, cost-efficiency, and public acceptance. Overall, this comprehensive review provides essential insights into the chemical and biological aspects of lab-grown insect meat, paving the way for further research and development in this emerging field. This article is the first review article reporting the chemical and biological insights of lab-grown insect meat.
The Entangled Histories of the Nobel Prize in Literature and PEN
Authors: Sneis Jørgen
Published: March 2024

Drawing on archival records, this paper explores the interrelation and modes of interaction between two major institutions of world literature: the Nobel Prize and PEN, with special attention paid to Swedish PEN and its activities from 1950 into the 1970s. While the Nobel Prize lent prestige to the newly founded PEN Club in the 1920s, insofar as Nobel laureates were recruited as honorary members, PEN in turn – and Swedish PEN in particular – became a highly successful nominator of candidates for the Nobel Prize from 1950 onwards. A striking correspondence between the activities of Swedish PEN and the Swedish Academy’s decisions suggests that the academy oriented itself towards PEN and the circuits of recognition it (re)presented in awarding the Nobel Prize. It also points to the significance of networks and value brokers on a local level and what might be called the ‘glocal’ management of the Nobel Prize.
What Is a ‘World Academy’?
Authors: Richter Max
Published: March 2024

This article discusses one of the first books nominated for the Nobel Prize in Literature, Franz Kemény’s Entwurf einer internationalen Gesammt-Academie: Welt-Academie (1901), and how it relates to questions about institutions and infrastructures of world literature. It demonstrates the thematic relationship between Kemény’s draft and early discussions on how to organize the selection process of the Nobel Prize and shows that the connection between text and prize consists of more layers than merely the formal nomination. Kemény’s book, as this article shows, addresses the prize founder as well as the executing institution in its paratextual framing, rates the Nobel Institute’s possible impact and gives further insight into how global infrastructures of literature were imagined at the time of the Nobel Prize’s establishment.
Scandinavian Imperialism
Authors: Lauesen Torkil
Published: March 2024

This article is about Scandinavia—mainly Sweden’s—integration into and role within global capitalism. I focus on Sweden because it is the most important in economic terms; and “the Swedish model” is the ideal type of capitalist welfare state and social democracy there is most advanced. It covers the period from colonialism to present-day global commodity chains. It also describes the impact of imperialism on the working class in this process. Finally, it takes up Scandinavia’s current role in the imperialist system. The Scandinavian country’s economic and political systems cannot be understood without this long and global perspective. The development of global capitalism has significantly influenced the national contradictions that have come to define the “Scandinavian model.”
Sinonasal Tumors Masquerading as Invasive Fungal Sinusitis (IFS)
Authors: Pak Kaitlynne Y. , Hsue Victor B. , Lee Matthew K. , Chen Michelle M. , Balzer Bonnie , Wu Arthur W. , Tang Dennis M.
Published: March 2024

Objectives:

Fungal tissue invasion in the setting of sinonasal malignancy has been rarely described in the literature. Only a handful of studies have discussed cases of suspected chronic and acute IFS (CIFS and AIFS, respectively), having an underlying undifferentiated sinonasal carcinoma, sinonasal teratocarcinosarcoma, and NK/T-cell lymphoma.

Methods:

Here, we describe 3 cases of carcinoma mimicking IFS from a single institution.

Results:

Each of our patients presented with sinonasal complaints as an outpatient in the setting of immunosuppression. Intranasal biopsies consistently were predominated by necrotic debris, with and without fungal elements, ultimately leading to a delay of oncologic care. The final pathologies included NK/T-cell lymphoma and SNEC. All patients were followed by radiation and chemotherapy, with 1 case of mortality.

Conclusions:

We aim to emphasize the importance of obtaining viable tissue as pathology specimens as the presence of necrosis with fungal elements may limit the diagnosis and ultimately delay the care of an underlying sinonasal carcinoma.
The Effect of Cultural Awareness Training on Reducing the Ethnocentrism Levels of Nursing Students: A Quasi-Experimental Study
Authors: Topcu Gulizar , Tanriverdi Gulbu
Published: March 2024

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of cultural awareness training on the ethnocentrism level of nursing students. This study was a quasi-experimental non-equivalent control group pretest and posttest design. The research was completed with 64 students. The case group participated in a 6-hour cultural awareness training. The data were analyzed using chi-square test, paired sample t-test, Mann–Whitney U test and Wilcoxon test by means of the SPSS 22.0 program. The ethnocentrism mean scores of the students in the case group who participated in the intercultural awareness training were found to be lower than those of the control group. Decreasing of ethnocentrism among nursing students will contribute to improving the way in which migrant people are cared for.
Exploring Sustainability Challenges That Hinder Community Radio From Facilitating Development of Grassroots Communities
Authors: Moffat Betina , Moffat Frank , Osunkunle Oluyinka , Mutinta Given
Published: March 2024

The study uses the framework for sustainability of community radio to investigate challenges that hinder M3O community radio from being an active agent in facilitating development. A qualitative research design was adopted: qualitative data were collected through structured interviews with key informants from the station. The findings revealed that the station fails to achieve financial, social, operational, technical and environmental sustainability and this hinders the station from achieving its broadcasting mandate. The study recommends the station to enhance their fiscal capacity through rigorous marketing to attract advertisers and from receiving funding from spheres of government within its radio frequency influence.
General or Situational? Exploring Cultural Identification Patterns Using Entropy Among Maghrebi Immigrants to Canada
Authors: Doucerain Marina M. , Bragoli-Barzan Léa , Benkirane Sarah , Medvetskaya Anna
Published: March 2024

Migrants and members of cultural minorities must negotiate their identification with multiple cultural groups. Many studies have investigated associations between general questionnaire–based cultural identity patterns and psychological adjustment. Research on situational cultural identity patterns—context-bound, momentary identification with a given cultural group—is scarcer. Furthermore, we know little about how variability in identification across contexts and situations may be associated with psychological adjustment. This study addresses these issues by (a) comparing the relative ability of general questionnaire–based and situational diary–based cultural identity patterns in statistically predicting psychological adjustment among Maghrebi migrants to Canada, and (b) introducing and testing cultural identity entropy, a novel approach to characterizing variability in a person’s multiple cultural identities during daily interactions. Drawing on concepts in thermodynamics and information theory, cultural identity entropy indexes greater balance in one’s multiple identifications during an interaction and reflects greater flexibility in cultural ways in that moment. Participants were 93 Maghrebi migrants to Canada who completed baseline questionnaires and daily diaries on situational identification during interactions for 7 days. Results show that situational diary–based cultural identity patterns accounted for substantial variance in psychological adjustment, above and beyond general questionnaire–based patterns, and that greater entropy in heritage cultural contexts was associated with greater psychological adjustment. These results underscore the importance of going beyond general characterizations of multicultural identity by investigating the shifting and contextual ways in which migrants mobilize and negotiate their cultural identities in daily life.
Socioeconomic-Status-Based Disrespect, Discrimination, Exclusion, and Shaming: A Potential Source of Health Inequalities?
Authors: Link Bruce G. , García San Juanita , Firat Rengin , La Scalla Shayna , Phelan Jo C.
Published: March 2024

Observing an association between socioeconomic status (SES) and health reliably leads to the question, “What are the pathways involved?” Despite enormous investment in research on the characteristics, behaviors, and traits of people disadvantaged with respect to health inequalities, the issue remains unresolved. We turn our attention to actions of more advantaged groups by asking people to self-report their exposure to disrespect, discrimination, exclusion, and shaming (DDES) from people above them in the SES hierarchy. We developed measures of these phenomena and administered them to a cross-sectional U.S. national probability sample (N = 1,209). Consistent with the possibility that DDES represents a pathway linking SES and health, the SES→health coefficient dropped substantially when DDES variables were controlled: 112.9% for anxiety, 43.8% for self-reported health, and 49.4% for cardiovascular-related conditions. These results illustrate a need for a relational approach emphasizing the actions of more advantaged groups in shaping health inequities.
Evaluating the Screening and Enrollment of People at Risk of HIV in Mexico’s Preexposure Prophylaxis Demonstration Project, 2018-2020
Authors: Vermandere Heleen , Martínez-Silva Gisela , Aguilera-Mijares Santiago , Martínez-Dávalos Araczy , Bautista-Arredondo Sergio
Published: March 2024

Objectives:

Screening tools in which participants self-report sexual behaviors can identify people at risk of HIV acquisition for enrollment in preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP). We compared enrollment outcomes (ie, receiving PrEP vs being excluded by a counselor or declining PrEP) in Mexico’s PrEP demonstration project and evaluated the validity of a 4-criteria PrEP eligibility tool in which participants self-reported risk behavior—having condomless anal sex, transactional sex, a partner living with HIV, or a sexually transmitted infection—as compared with PrEP eligibility assessed by a counselor.

Methods:

We recruited men who have sex with men and transwomen who were offered PrEP services in Mexico. We characterized participants according to enrollment outcome and identified underlying factors through logistic regression analyses. We calculated the sensitivity and specificity of the self-reported risk criteria, using the counselor’s risk assessment as the point of reference.

Results:

Of 2460 participants, 2323 (94%) had risk criteria of HIV acquisition according to the 4-criteria tool; 1701 (73%) received PrEP, 247 (11%) were excluded by a counselor, and 351 (15%) declined PrEP despite being considered eligible by the counselor. Participants who were excluded or who declined PrEP were less likely to report HIV risk behaviors than those who received PrEP, and participants who declined PrEP were more likely to be transwomen (vs men who have sex with men) and aged ≤25 years (vs >25 y). The 4-criteria risk tool had high sensitivity (98.6%) and low specificity (29.8%).

Conclusion:

The screening tool identified most participants at risk of HIV acquisition, but counselors’ assessment helped refine the decision for enrollment in PrEP by excluding those with low risk. Public health strategies are needed to enhance enrollment in PrEP among some groups.
Discrete random variates with finite support using differential search trees
Authors: Maurer Peter M
Published: March 2024

Differential search trees can be used for selection with replacement and for a form of selection without replacement. We show that they can be extended to many different types of selection, both with and without replacement. In addition, virtually every aspect of a differential search tree can be modified dynamically. We provide algorithms for making these modifications. Virtually all differential search tree algorithms are straightforward and easy to implement, especially with our preferred implementation, which is both simple and efficient. Differential search tree operations are virtually all logarithmic with the exception of building the tree and dynamically adding leaves to the tree, which are both linear.
Data Imbalances in Coincidence Analysis: A Simulation Study
Authors: Swiatczak Martyna Daria , Baumgartner Michael
Published: March 2024

In this paper, we investigate the conditions under which data imbalances, a common data characteristic that occurs when factor values are unevenly distributed, are problematic for the performance of Coincidence Analysis (CNA). We further examine how such imbalances relate to fragmentation and noise in data. We show that even extreme data imbalances, when not combined with fragmentation or noise, do not negatively affect CNA’s performance. However, an extended series of simulation experiments on fuzzy-set data reveals that, when mixed with fragmentation or noise, data imbalances may substantially impair CNA’s performance. Furthermore, we find that the performance impairment is higher when endogenous factors are imbalanced than when exogenous factors are concerned. Our results allow us to quantify these impacts and demarcate degrees at which data imbalances should be considered as problematic. Thus, applied researchers can use our demarcation guidelines to enhance the validity of their studies.
Learning-based modeling and control design for a coaxial helicopter with aerodynamic coupling
Authors: Chen Zhi , Gao Ke , Wang Hui , Wang Ling , Fu Jian , Peng Chen
Published: March 2024

In this paper, a mathematical model of a coaxial helicopter with a new configuration is successfully constructed using the learning-based method. This nonlinear model can reflect the aerodynamic coupling characteristics between the two rotors of the coaxial helicopter. Compared with the traditional polynomial fitting method, this method significantly improves the integrity and robustness of the mathematical model. After multiple tune of the aircraft, we successfully completed the stable flight experiment using the designed attitude controller. By analyzing the real-time flight log, we verify the high accuracy of the coupled model trained on neural networks. The results of this research have brought important enlightenment to the field of aircraft design and control and proved the great potential of neural network in improving the accuracy of aircraft model and control efficiency.
Trajectory tracking control of wheeled mobile robots with skidding and time-varying delay
Authors: Wang Mengqi , Chen Hua , Chen Yun , Cao Yuhan , Hou Linyuan
Published: March 2024

This paper tackles the problem of trajectory tracking for wheeled mobile robots subject to time-varying input delay and bounded external disturbances. First, we establish a dynamic model for a wheeled mobile robot under sliding and skidding conditions, and determine the maximum allowable input delay that maintains system stability using Razumikhin-type stability analysis without prior knowledge of the variation in delay. The proposed adaptive robust controller combined with super-twisting sliding mode control is resilient to disturbances such as input delay, system uncertainty, and parameter variation. The proposed adaptive law enables real-time modification of switching gain based on tracking error without predefined knowledge of uncertainty bounds. Compared with traditional sliding mode control strategies, the super-twisting algorithm can eliminate chattering phenomenon while combined robust methods further reduce modeling uncertainties’ influence on system performance. Finally, we select an appropriate Lyapunov function to analyze and prove uniformly ultimately bounded of the closed-loop system. MATLAB simulation comparison results demonstrate that this approach achieves high tracking accuracy, faster response speed, and robustness.
Volitional Change in Pathological Traits: Can People Change Their Maladaptive Traits?
Authors: Rufino Sierra M. , Hudson Nathan W. , Briskin Julia L.
Published: March 2024

Research suggests people want to change their normative personality traits—and they can volitionally do so. However, studies have not yet addressed volitional change in pathological personality. Consequently, the current study examined (a) people’s desires to change pathological traits, (b) whether these change goals predict subsequent trait change, (c) whether this withstands controlling normative traits, and (d) the extent to which pathological trait change predicts relevant outcomes. College students ( N = 463) self-reported their pathological traits weekly for up to 16 weeks. People with elevated pathological traits generally desired to decrease these traits. Furthermore, goals to change negative affectivity and disinhibition predicted corresponding trait change. Thus, people want to reduce their pathological traits—and they may be able to do so for some traits.
How Scoring Approaches Impact Estimates of Growth in the Presence of Survey Item Ceiling Effects
Authors: Edwards Kelly D. , Soland James
Published: March 2024

Survey scores are often the basis for understanding how individuals grow psychologically and socio-emotionally. A known problem with many surveys is that the items are all “easy”—that is, individuals tend to use only the top one or two response categories on the Likert scale. Such an issue could be especially problematic, and lead to ceiling effects, when the same survey is administered repeatedly over time. In this study, we conduct simulation and empirical studies to (a) quantify the impact of these ceiling effects on growth estimates when using typical scoring approaches like sum scores and unidimensional item response theory (IRT) models and (b) examine whether approaches to survey design and scoring, including employing various longitudinal multidimensional IRT (MIRT) models, can mitigate any bias in growth estimates. We show that bias is substantial when using typical scoring approaches and that, while lengthening the survey helps somewhat, using a longitudinal MIRT model with plausible values scoring all but alleviates the issue. Results have implications for scoring surveys in growth studies going forward, as well as understanding how Likert item ceiling effects may be contributing to replication failures.
From the age of immanence to the autonomy of the political: (Post)operaismo in theory and practice
Authors: Pitts Frederick Harry
Published: March 2024

This article critically examines the transition from Marx to Spinoza within Antonio Negri’s postoperaist thought and explores a potential alternative rooted in Mario Tronti’s concept of the ‘autonomy of the political’. In Negri’s postoperaismo, the embrace of Spinoza reevaluates Marx’s critique of political economy through an optimistic lens, suggesting a tendency beyond capitalism. However, Negri’s embrace of a Spinozian plane of immanence entails a problematic affirmation of what exists. The article argues that Negri’s worldview, despite its beginnings, ends up resembling deterministic historical materialism. While critical theory exposes flaws in Negri’s theory, it falls short in providing a practical alternative. Returning to Negri’s interpretation of Spinoza’s Political Treatise uncovers earlier arguments, rooted in paradoxes inherent to practical politics. However, reliance on the concept of the multitude highlights deeper issues in Negri’s approach. Rather than adhering to postoperaismo or critical theory, the article suggests an alternative in Tronti’s journey from operaismo, particularly in the concept of the ‘autonomy of the political’. Notwithstanding critiques, this attempted liberation from Marxist determinism allows for a clearer confrontation with politics. The article concludes that Hardt and Negri’s recent critical engagement with this concept advances their arguments but does not entirely overcome inherent limitations in their approach.
Topics of Conflict Across Family Subsystems
Authors: Larsen Noah B. , Barton Allen W.
Published: March 2024

The present study investigated topics of conflict across multiple family subsystems (i.e., the romantic couple, parent–adolescent, and parent–younger child) in present-day American families. Research questions were addressed from a nationwide sample of 593 adults parenting at least one child. Findings highlight the heightened severity of conflict in the couple relationship relative to equivalent topics appearing in parent–child subsystems as well as topics with greater conflict severity between parents and adolescents (e.g., being distant) and topics with greater severity between parents and younger children (e.g., food/picky eating). Salient sources of conflict in present-day families (e.g., technology/phone use in the parent–adolescent subsystem, mood and tempers in all subsystems) were also identified. Findings from the study illustrate ways in which conflict topics appear similarly and differently across distinct family subsystems as well as which conflict topics have changed in families over time and those that have remained constant.
The Relationship and Predictability Between Positive Affect and Psychological Well-Being Among 12 Years-Old Children From 29 Countries
Authors: Moreta-Herrera Rodrigo , Oriol-Granado Xavier , González Mònica , Rodas Jose A.
Published: March 2024

This study investigates the role of Positive Affect as a predictor of Psychological Well-Being in 43,653 12-year-old children from 29 countries, using a Structural Equation Model. The model’s potential gender and nationality equivalences were also examined. Data was sourced from the International Child Well-Being Survey. The ‘happy’ item was found to be the most effective in capturing the Positive Affect construct, with Psychological Well-Being showing moderately high levels. A strong positive correlation was observed between Positive Affect and Psychological Well-Being, with Positive Affect explaining 70.1% of the variance in Psychological Well-Being. The model proved invariant at the metric level across countries and at the strict level between genders. In conclusion, Positive Affect is a significant predictor of Psychological Well-Being, though cultural factors contributed to country-specific variations.
Perceptions of Clinical Experience and Scientific Evidence in Medical Decision Making: A Survey of a Stratified Random Sample of Swedish Health Care Professionals
Authors: Dewitt Barry , Persson Johannes , Wallin Annika
Published: March 2024

Background

Evidence-based medicine recognizes that clinical expertise gained through experience is essential to good medical practice. However, it is not known what beliefs clinicians hold about how personal clinical experience and scientific knowledge contribute to their clinical decision making and how those beliefs vary between professions, which themselves vary along relevant characteristics, such as their evidence base.

Design

We investigate how years in the profession influence health care professionals’ beliefs about science and their clinical experience through surveys administered to random samples of Swedish physicians, nurses, occupational therapists, dentists, and dental hygienists. The sampling frame was each profession’s most recent occupational registry.

Results

Participants ( N = 1,627, 46% response rate) viewed science as more important for decision making, more certain, and more systematic than experience. Differences among the professions were greatest for systematicity, where physicians saw the largest gap between the 2 types of knowledge across all levels of professional experience. The effect of years in the profession varied; it had little effect on assessments of importance across all professions but otherwise tended to decrease the difference between assessments of science and experience. Physicians placed the greatest emphasis on science over clinical experience among the 5 professions surveyed.

Conclusions

Health care professions appear to share some attitudes toward professional knowledge, despite the variation in the age of the professions and the scientific knowledge base available to practitioners. Training and policy making about clinical decision making might improve by accounting for the ways in which knowledge is understood across the professions.

Highlights

Study participants, representing 5 health care professions—medicine, nursing, occupational therapy, dentistry, and dental hygiene—viewed science as more important for decision making, more certain, and more systematic than their personal clinical experience. Of all the professions represented in the study, physicians saw the greatest differences between the 2 types of knowledge. The effect of years of professional experience varied but tended to be small, attenuating the differences seen between science and clinical experience.
On the Validity of Using Webpage Texts to Identify the Target Population of a Survey: An Application to Detect Online Platforms
Authors: Daas Piet , Hassink Wolter , Klijs Bart
Published: March 2024

A statistical classification model was developed to identify online platform organizations based on the texts on their website. The model was subsequently used to identify all (potential) platform organizations with a website included in the Dutch Business Register. The empirical outcomes of the statistical model were plausible in terms of the words and the bimodal distribution of fitted probabilities, but the results indicated an overestimation of the number of platform organizations. Next, the external validity of the outcomes was investigated through a survey of the organizations that were identified as a platform organization by the statistical classification model. The response by the organizations to the survey confirmed a substantial number of type-I errors. Furthermore, it revealed a positive association between the fitted probability of the text-based classification model and the organization’s response to the survey question on being an online platform organization. The survey results indicated that the text-based classification model can be used to obtain a subpopulation of potential platform organizations from the entire population of businesses with a website. This subpopulation may form a good starting point to study platform organizations in more detail.
Some Open Questions on Multiple-Source Extensions of Adaptive-Survey Design Concepts and Methods
Authors: Coffey Stephanie M. , Damineni Jaya , Eltinge John , Mathur Anup , Varela Kayla , Zotti Allison
Published: March 2024

Adaptive survey design is a framework for making data-driven decisions about survey data collection operations. This article discusses open questions related to the extension of adaptive principles and capabilities when capturing data from multiple data sources. Here, the concept of “design” encompasses the focused allocation of resources required for the production of high-quality statistical information in a sustainable and cost-effective way. This conceptual framework leads to a discussion of six groups of issues including: (1) the goals for improvement through adaptation; (2) the design features that are available for adaptation; (3) the auxiliary data that may be available for informing adaptation; (4) the decision rules that could guide adaptation; (5) the necessary systems to operationalize adaptation; and (6) the quality, cost, and risk profiles of the proposed adaptations (and how to evaluate them). A multiple data source environment creates significant opportunities, but also introduces complexities that are a challenge in the production of high-quality statistical information.
Analyzing Trans and Nonbinary Workers’ Response to Workplace Discrimination
Authors: Hutchinson Brook , Shircliff Jesse E. , Glass Christy , Miller Gabe H. , Marquez-Velarde Guadalupe , Suárez Mario I.
Published: March 2024

Workplace discrimination against trans and nonbinary workers is pervasive and contributes to high rates of unemployment, underemployment, and economic precarity. Scholars have begun to identify the ways cisnormativity is embedded in workplace organizations in ways that contribute to hostile work environments for trans and nonbinary workers. However, relatively little research has explored the strategies trans and nonbinary workers use to navigate such environments. The current study contributes to this growing field by exploring the predictors of worker agency among trans and nonbinary workers. Drawing on data from the 2015 U.S. Transgender Survey, this study analyzes the role of social status, including race, gender, and social class, and institutional protections, including union membership and antidiscrimination policies, in shaping trans and nonbinary workers’ responses to discrimination. Our findings suggest that lower status workers are more likely than higher status workers to rely on self-protective measures that pose risks to their health and well-being, while comprehensive antidiscrimination policies enhance the ability of all workers to pursue redressive action. We consider the implications of our findings for workplace policy and practice.
Tensile fatigue behavior of short and continuous carbon fiber reinforced additively manufactured thermoplastic multiscale composite
Authors: Rabbi Md. Fazlay , Ertter James , Bakis Charles E
Published: March 2024

Fiber reinforced multiscale composites represent a cutting-edge class of advanced materials that have garnered significant attention in the realm of materials science and engineering. These advanced materials intertwine various fiber reinforcements, meticulously tailored at micro, to macro levels, imparting them with remarkable mechanical, thermal, and functional properties. In this research, an experimental investigation was performed to observe the tensile fatigue behavior of short and continuous carbon fiber reinforced additively manufactured multiscale thermoplastic composites. The multiscale composite was fabricated by combining layers of continuous woven carbon fiber (CCF) with short carbon fiber (SCF) reinforced acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) laminates which were additively manufactured using the fused filament fabrication technique. It was observed that the multiscale composite exhibits a maximum 127% higher strength and 154% higher Young’s modulus than neat ABS polymer. Based on non-normalized stress-life curves, multiscale composites with four layers of CCF have a higher fatigue strength than multiscale composites with one layer of CCF. However, when the applied stress is normalized by the quasi-static strength, the multiscale composite with one layer of CCF had a longer fatigue life than the four layers of CCF reinforced multiscale composites at high normalized cyclic stress, while the multiscale composite with four layers of CCF exhibited a longer fatigue life at low normalized cyclic stress. The four CCF layers reinforced multiscale composites experienced a different extent of fiber pull-out, matrix cracking, and delamination at different stress levels. Conversely, fatigue failure of the one layer of CCF reinforced multiscale composites primarily occurred due to localized fiber breakage with minimal matrix-related damage.
A probabilistic analysis of non-military hangar fire protection systems
Authors: Wade John T , Lohar Bhushan , Lippert Kari , Cloutier Rob , Walker Sean , Olanipekun Olabode
Published: March 2024

The United States Air Force (USAF) dictates policy for foam fire suppression systems in their hangars. In November 2021, the USAF issued a Sundown Policy for Foam Fire Suppression Systems. The National Fire Protection Association’s Standard on Aircraft Hangars, NFPA 409 serves a similar function. This article uses a real-world installation and analysis of the hangar fire protection scheme stipulated in the USAF Sundown Policy as compared to an installation in compliance with NFPA 409. Applying the Poisson process for a zero-inflated probability distribution, the data referenced for the event tree were evaluated and thereafter validated. The analysis shows that the installation of hangar fire protection stipulated in the USAF Sundown Policy achieves a better performance for the fire protection system than an installation in compliance with NFPA 409, insofar as the risk analysis is concerned. Second, the installation of a fire protection system that complies with the requirements of NFPA 409 fails to achieve the basic probabilistic performance promulgated by the International Code Council’s Performance Code (ICCPC). The validation also demonstrated that the scenario involving the accidental discharge of fire foam was significantly more likely to occur compared to that involving only fire occurrences.
Leading-Following Interpretations: Living Quality and Working, the Musical
Authors: Ortiz Mario R.
Published: March 2024

It is important to explore the ways that the working lives of persons provides meaning in personal, professional, and organizational ways. In this paper, the author utilized the processes of Parse’s (2021a) humanbecoming hermeneutic sciencing (discoursing with penetrating engaging, interpreting with quiescent beholding, and understanding with inspiring envisaging) and the leading-following model to further understanding of the meaning of “working” through Stephen Schwarz’s Broadway show, Working, the Musical (Browning & Schwartz, 1982/2002). Although not a formal sciencing project, this interpretive reflection provided a way to “see” how work is “lived out” uniquely.
Evidence-Based Nursing Practice: A Different View: Book Review of Evidence-Based Practice for Nurses: Appraisal and Application of Research by Nola A. Schmidt and Janet M. Brown (2022). Jones & Bartlett Learning
Authors: Doe Mi Jin
Published: March 2024

This is a review of the 5th edition of Evidence-Based Practice for Nurses: Appraisal and Application of Research edited by Nola A. Schmidt and Janet M. Brown (2022). The reviewed book provides an exploration of evidence-based nursing practice, viewed through the lens of traditional perspectives that position the nursing discipline as applied science and approach to nursing practice from the standpoint of the medical model. In this column, the meaning of evidence-based nursing practice is reconsidered within the context of the theory-guided nursing practice arising from the distinctive perspective of the nursing discipline as a human science.
Truth for the Moment and Importance to Nursing
Authors: Carroll Karen
Published: March 2024

In the article that follows the authors present information focused on nursing care delivery involving Neuman systems theory and improving the stress and stability. The authors then follow up with a clinical scenario which utilizes the Neuman system model as a means to prevent and ameliorate aggression and violence. The structure and evidence guided by Betty Neuman’s systems model centers on managing and reducing stresses and working towards reconstitution. The thoughts contained in this article highlight some considerations regarding the importance of truth and truth for the moment for the nursing discipline.
Hermeneutics: An Ethical Journey
Authors: Milton Constance L.
Published: March 2024

Hermeneutics is an important philosophical mode of inquiry where discipline-specific theories and methodologies provide important windows of understanding human experiences. The author discusses the embedded truths of ethics found in the formal inquiry where human living quality phenomena are highlighted. The valuable insights and the importance to the future of the discipline of nursing focus on ideas for suggested further study.
Orem’s Self-Care Model of Nursing Care: A Retrospective Study with Elders After Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Zhu Huixin , You Mengqiang , Wei Jie , Fang Shanhong
Published: March 2024

This retrospective study investigates the effectiveness of a nursing intervention based on Orem’s self-care model of nursing with elderly patients with femoral head necrosis who underwent total hip arthroplasty. Postoperative outcomes in the intervention and control groups were assessed by the visual analog scale (VAS), Barthel index, and Harris Hip Score (HHS). Participants in the intervention group had significantly better outcomes in terms of VAS, Barthel index, and HHS. The occurrence of pneumonia was significantly different between the groups. Those who underwent Orem’s self-care model of nursing intervention were highly satisfied with their status postoperatively compared with the control group.
The Role of Metaphor in Hermeneutic Research
Authors: Butcher Howard K.
Published: March 2024

The identification and interpretation of metaphor is useful to hermeneutic research. Metaphor is a way of conceiving one concept in terms of another and serves as a function of understanding. The author explores the rise of hermeneutics research and its relevance to nurse artsciencing. Metaphors are a creative strategy hermeneutic researchers can use to analyze and interpret data, and serve as a powerful strategy to represent complex realities, illuminate unnoticed aspects of a phenomenon, and provide depth of meaning to the understanding of human experiences.
Application of a new DES model based on Wray-Agarwal turbulence model in flow simulation of a mixed-flow pump
Authors: Ji Leilei , Li Haoming , Li Wei , Shi Weidong , Li Shuo , Yang Yang , Zhao Chensong , Agarwal Ramesh K
Published: March 2024

In recent years, it has been demonstrated for many two- and three-dimensional external and internal turbulent flows that the one-equation Wray-Agarwal turbulence model can compute the complex turbulent flow fields with high computational accuracy, excellent computational convergence and efficiency. In this paper, Wray-Agarwal (WA) turbulence model is employed as part of a detached eddy simulation (DES) method to predict the performance of a mixed-flow pump. By comparing the computations with the experimental results, the differences and similarities between the WA-DES model and the Shear Stress Transfer (SST) k-ω model in predicting the internal and external flow characteristics of the pump are analyzed. The results show that both the SST k-ω model and the WA-DES model can reasonably predict the performance of the pump between 0.6 Q and 1.2 Q, where Q is the design flow rate; however, they have their own merits and deficiencies in predicting head and efficiency of the pump at low and high flow rates. For the velocity field in the rotor-stator interaction region, the WA-DES model shows better prediction accuracy since it can accurately predict the large-scale recirculating vortex structure at the inlet of the guide vane. The SST k-ω model over-predicts the separated flow region, which leads to the emergence of a small vortex structure before the backflow region of the pump. Although the turbulent eddy viscosity predicted by the WA-DES model is higher than that of the SST k-ω model and there is small difference in the results for the scale of the tip leakage vortex (TLV) between the two models, the overall simulation results of the WA-DES model for the high turbulent viscosity region and the pressure increase in the impeller are consistent with the SST k-ω model results. The results of this paper demonstrate the potential of WA-DES model for prediction of flows in pumps.
Fortifying the otherness in Montenegrin political discourse
Authors: Ćetković Sanja
Published: March 2024

Following the 2020 elections, Montenegro has experienced an upsurge in ‘patriotic’ political activism, largely supported by the party that lost control of the parliament after three decades of uncontested rule. The continuity and uniqueness of the Montenegrin dual identity, where the categories of Serb and Montenegrin are not mutually exclusive, have been undermined by nationalist aspirations to portray such duality as a delusion. This study examined strategies for the construction of otherness in nationalist political discourse following the 2020 elections in Montenegro, based on the assumption that a threatened identity seeks to re-establish itself through the search for difference and otherness. The Discourse Historical Approach provides an analytical framework for examining the explicit and implicit construction of social actors used to reinforce the ingroup-outgroup rift and portray the other as different and pathological.
Subclinical synovitis impact on the progression of lupus joint disease: A 10-year longitudinal multicenter study
Authors: Guillén-Astete Carlos A , Revenga-Martínez Marcelino , Zea-Mendoza Antonio C , Brito-Brito María E , Zurita-Prada Pablo , Urrego-Laurín Claudia , Villalobos-Sánchez Lourdes , García-Montes Nuria , Vázquez-Díaz Mónica
Published: March 2024

Objective

To determine the effect of subclinical synovitis on the progression of joint disease in a cohort of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus over a mean follow-up of 10 years.

Methods

A longitudinal follow-up of 96 patients diagnosed with lupus was performed. All patients were considered clinically free of joint disease or with minimal joint impairment at baseline and were studied through ultrasound study of their dominant hand to assess the prevalence of subclinical synovitis. Now, over 10 years after we contacted them and reviewed their evolution to determine the impact of had or had not been diagnosed with subclinical synovitis in their current joint condition.

Results

Thirty-one of the 91 reached patients developed clinical progression in their joint manifestations (at least one ordinal degree of worsening). Of these, 23 (74,9%) had demonstrated subclinical synovitis at baseline. In the group of patients who did not progress clinically, 46 (76,6%) did not have this finding at the start of follow-up ( p < .01, OR 9,44 95%CI 3,46–25,74). The patients in whom clinical progression was demonstrated had worse combined ultrasound scores than the rest of the patients: 6,41 SD 1,45 vs. 1,15 SD 0,97 ( p < .01).

Conclusions

The finding of subclinical synovitis in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus is associated with the development of joint disease progression both clinically and ultrasonographically.
Working With the Strategy Master—Dr Michael Silverstein MD, MPH [1945–2024]
Authors: Dooley Peter
Published: March 2024

New Solutions offers a short memorial statement noting the January 2, 2024, death of Dr Michael Silverstein, an internationally known leader in the field of occupational health and safety. Dr Silverstein spent 53 years specializing in the fields of occupational medicine, public health, and general preventive medicine. He was the Assistant Director for Occupational Health and Safety with the United Automobile Workers Union for 15 years. He served as the Director of Policy for the U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) during the Clinton Administration. He later served as Director of the Washington State OSHA program for 10 years and was the Assistant Director for Industrial Safety and Health in the Washington State Department of Labor and Industries. A long-time friend of New Solutions, Dr Silverstein was the journal's first Scientific Solutions editor.
Rare Presentation of Papillary Carcinoma Within a Sentinel Lymph Node in a Patient With Ductal Carcinoma in Situ of the Breast: A Challenging but Useful Case Report Discussion Regarding Displacement or True Metastasis?
Authors: Sonam Fnu , Komforti Miglena K. , Jakub James W. , Cornell Lauren F. , Robinson Kristin A.
Published: March 2024

Papillary carcinoma of the breast is a rare histologic subtype of invasive breast cancer. In contrast, ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is a noninvasive, nonobligate precursor to invasive mammary carcinoma, confined within the terminal duct lobular unit of the breast and surrounded by an intact myoepithelial cell layer at the stromal/epithelial interface. We present an unusual case in which a patient with only DCIS of the breast exhibited papillary carcinoma within a sentinel lymph node, leading to questions about the origin of the lymph node lesion—whether it represents a true metastasis or iatrogenic displacement during diagnostic procedures. This case underscores the diagnostic challenges and clinical implications associated with such rare presentations.
Temporary Cast Application in Dislocated Ankle Fractures Leads to High Rates of Secondary Loss of Reduction: Does the Lauge-Hansen Injury Type Matter?
Authors: Mandelka Eric , Wikanardi Bernhard Arya , Beisemann Nils , Gruetzner Paul Alfred , Franke Jochen , Vetter Sven Yves
Published: March 2024

Background:

For the temporary treatment of ankle fracture dislocations (AFDs), previous studies indicate higher rates of secondary loss of reduction (LOR) with splint immobilization, prompting consideration for expanding indications for external fixation (ExFix). However, these studies did not investigate the influence of fracture morphology to further improve patient selection. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of Lauge-Hansen injury type on the LOR rate in bimalleolar or trimalleolar AFDs for temporary cast vs ExFix immobilization.

Methods:

In this retrospective cohort study, patients with isolated AFD cases treated at our institution from 2011 to 2020 were reviewed. Inclusion criteria required radiographs depicting initial dislocation and appropriate reduction after Cast or ExFix immobilization. Exclusion criteria encompassed concomitant injuries, open fractures, conservative management as well as surgery performed within 48 hours or at a different facility. Patients were grouped by temporary treatment (Cast or ExFix). The primary endpoint was LOR prior to definitive surgery across various Lauge-Hansen types.

Results:

The LOR rate was significantly higher in the cast group (40/152, 26.3%) compared to the ExFix group (5/191, 2.6%; P < .0001). In the cast group, LOR was associated with an increase in time to definitive surgery by a mean of 3 days ( P < .002). During cast treatment, LOR was significantly more likely for pronation abduction ( P = .001) and supination external rotation injuries ( P < .0001), whereas no significant differences were observed for pronation external rotation ( P = .006), supination adduction ( P > .99), and fractures not classifiable ( P > .99).

Conclusion:

In cases of AFDs resulting from supination external rotation or pronation abduction trauma according to the Lauge-Hansen classification, especially in the setting of an additional posterior malleolar fracture, primary application of external fixation should be considered to reduce the risk for secondary loss of reduction.

Level of Evidence:

Level III, retrospective cohort study.