bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reduzindo o tempo de publicação de um manuscrito em um periódico de acesso aberto
Authors: Martignago Deisi , Juliani Jordan Paulesky
Published: December 2019

A comunicação científica consiste no conjunto de atividades associadas à produção, disseminação e uso da informação, desde o momento em que a ideia para pesquisar é concebida pelo cientista até que a comunicação dos resultados seja aceita como fazendo parte do conhecimento científico. Como principal meio de comunicação científica, destaca-se o periódico científico. Com o advento da internet, o periódico científico passou por muitas transformações, entre elas a transição de impresso para eletrônico. O que se pode observar foi que essa transição alterou principalmente a distribuição e visibilidade das edições. Em relação ao processo de edição, o uso de software de publicação, tem facilitado a realização das tarefas do editor. Muito embora a publicação eletrônica tenha conferido agilidade ao processo e maior visibilidade aos artigos, verifica-se que, em essência, houve somente a migração das revistas tradicionais para o formato digital. Com isso, essa pesquisa propõe analisar o processo editorial de um periódico de acesso aberto e torná-lo livre de desperdícios, tendo como base os princípios do pensamento enxuto, o lean thinking. O lean thinking refere-se a uma filosofia de gestão que vem ao encontro das necessidades de diminuição do tempo de publicação do artigo científico. A pesquisa foi caracterizada como estudo de caso, onde foi selecionado um periódico científico, por conveniência, para a realização do estudo. Os resultados alcançados identificaram que, por meio do Lean, foi possível propor um processo editorial futuro livre de desperdícios e com tempo de publicação consideravelmente reduzido.
Bibliotecas escolares e comunitárias na rede municipal de ensino de Florianópolis
Authors: Severino Amanda Vilamoski , Unglaub Tânia Regina da Rocha , Ardigo Julibio David
Published: December 2019

Este artigo integra uma pesquisa de mestrado profissional, vinculada ao Programa de Pós-Graduação – Gestão da Informação da Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, que visa conhecer os critérios de desenvolvimento de coleções utilizados pelas Bibliotecas Escolares e comunitárias do município de Florianópolis. A política de desenvolvimento de coleções está relacionada ao papel social da biblioteca escolar, e especialmente, a função no processo de ensino-aprendizagem. O tema Desenvolvimento de Coleções fundamenta-se nos estudos de Weitzel (2013) e Vergueiro (2010). Os estudos revelaram que gerenciar coleções, atualmente, é um compromisso do bibliotecário que anseia assegurar a continuidade da biblioteca na sociedade, conservando a atribuição de gestora do conhecimento produzido. A metodologia segue os princípios da pesquisa descritiva cuja análise dos dados se guiou pela abordagem qualiquantitativa de Creswell e Clark (2010). Através desta pesquisa foi possível inferir que é muito importante organizar uma política de desenvolvimento de coleções com base em critérios bem definidos que supra as expectativas de seus interagentes. O produto deste estudo foi a elaboração de um manual de diretrizes com sugestões para nortear o desenvolvimento de coleções. Conclui-se que as bibliotecas escolares precisam atender as necessidades da unidade escolar da qual fazem parte, tendo seus objetivos definidos, facilitando o desenvolvimento de coleções.
Competência em informação de idosos
Authors: Vitorino Elizete Vieira , Righetto Guilherme Goulart , Packer Celine Rúbia Probst Purnhagen
Published: December 2019

O objetivo geral da pesquisa consiste em estruturar um recurso tecnológico para o atendimento das necessidades de informação de um grupo vulnerável, aqui caracterizado como a população idosa, contemplando os objetivos específicos que são: identificar, a partir da literatura, recursos tecnológicos e protótipos para uso em dispositivos móveis; descrever, também pela literatura, as etapas do desenvolvimento da competência em informação no idoso e, em específico, por meio do uso das tecnologias disponíveis; e, por fim, criar um protótipo para dispositivos móveis (smartphones) a fim de atender às possíveis necessidades de informação do referido grupo. A ausência do conjunto de atitudes e habilidades digitais pode ter um efeito profundo na qualidade de vida das pessoas e no aprendizado ao longo da vida. Daí a premência da competência em informação e sua força motriz do lifelong learning para dispor aos grupos socialmente vulneráveis uma real e efetiva inclusão social/digital. Numa via otimista, conjectura-se que as tecnologias, em conjunto com a competência em informação são capazes de promover o aumento da autoestima de grupos, comunidades e pessoas, incluindo a redução na situação de vulnerabilidade social e a promoção de insumos à luz das necessidades de informação cotidianas. A importância da inclusão desse grupo social em tal contexto possivelmente viabilizará novas e prósperas relações sociais, assim como a qualidade de vida. Promover a inclusão dos idosos perante às tecnologias pode ser uma forma oportuna para a participação ativa, cidadã e democrática na contemporaneidade, além da efetivação do papel social da Ciência da Informação.
A inovação no contexto da sociedade da informação
Authors: Cezar Kilma Gonçalves , Suaiden Emir José
Published: December 2019

O presente artigo se propôs a lançar luz sobre a importância de se publicizar o processo de inovação no Brasil, trabalhando a seguinte ideia: a coleta e a gestão de informações e de conhecimento do cidadão comum podem se revelar uma ferramenta destinada à ampliação da capacidade inovativa do País. Para tanto, foi realizada breve revisão da literatura acerca da dinâmica contemporânea característica do novo paradigma econômico-tecnológico da informação, foram levantados estudos sobre o envolvimento do cidadão comum no processo de inovação, e foram discutidos modelos desenvolvidos voltados para a sistematização da inovação. Os autores concluem que o Brasil ao deixar de publicizar a inovação, ou seja, de contemplar o fluxo livre e público de ideias, de informações e de experiências pode estar deixando de impulsionar seu potencial de inovação.
Gambler's Fallacy as Behavioural Bias Of Young Investor
Authors: Wijayanti Dian , Renald Suganda Tarsisius , Sufuiana Thewelis Feni
Published: December 2019

This research aims to identify the behavioural bias of Gambler's Fallacy of young investors in Malang. This research was done by doing a survey method i.e. doing the dissemination of questionnaires to young investors in Malang. The number of samples gained from questionnaires were 108 respondents. questionnaires were assessed using Likert scale and analysed by using non-parametric test: Chi Square Test and Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test to answer the hypothesis and research questions. The results showed that behavioural bias of Gambler’s Fallacy on young investors in Malang when they trade in uptrend and downtrend stock market with an equal probability. Based on the results, this research concluded that in making trading decisions, young investors in Malang are still very influenced by psychological factors and tend to follow their personal intuition. This shows that weak-form efficiency is inefficient.
Le città della Calabria tra l’età repubblicana e la prima età imperiale: aggiornamenti per uno sguardo d’insieme
Authors: MASTROCINQUE GIANLUCA
Published: December 2019

Nell’area della Puglia meridionale, un tentativo di leggere insieme le testimonianze sulle città di età romana, permette di ricostruire, almeno in parte, il ruolo di riferimento che nell’organizzazione dello spazio urbano e rurale è svolto dalle due colonie più antiche, Brundisium (Brindisi, 244 a.C.) e Neptunia a Taranto (123 a.C.). L’analisi rivela, oltre alle specificità locali, significative affinità nel modo in cui, tra la fine del I sec. a.C. e il I sec. d.C. e soprattutto nell’età di Augusto, nelle città meglio documentate si potenzia la rete delle strade e delle infrastrutture, si organizzano gli spazi della vita collettiva, anche come luoghi privilegiati per esprimere il consenso verso la casa imperiale, si promuovono i culti orientali, si riqualificano i settori residenziali, con uno specifico rapporto tra le dimore aristocratiche e i principali complessi monumentali.
Un molde de pasteleria de época romana con escena circense hallado en Septem Fratres (Ceuta)
Authors: PÉREZ RIVERA JOSÉ MANUEL , NOGUERAS VEGA SILVIA
Published: December 2019

Una reciente intervención arqueológica en el centro urbano de Ceuta ha permitido la documentación de un sector del complejo industrial haliéutico del asentamiento romano de Septem Fratres, fechado entre finales del siglo I d.C. y el primer cuarto del siglo V d.C. Al este del muro que delimitaba el espacio de trabajo y de las piletas para la maceración del pescado se identificó una secuencia estratigráfica en la que destacaba un nivel del siglo III d.C. caracterizado por el elevado número y variedad de material arqueológico. Entre estos elementos de cultura material se recuperó un molde de pastelería, conocido como “kuchenformn”. El motivo que aparece en la cara interna del molde es una escena de ludi circenses.
Dromologi dan Era Flash Sale: Tinjauan Geliat Manusia dalam Cyberspace
Authors: Ardiyansyah Bagus , Kartono Drajat Tri , Demartoto Argyo
Published: December 2019

The rate of development of information and communication technology today is increasingly massive and almost every time gives birth to new. Consumer activity has also shifted to the digital sector, or more massive in the artificial sector than in the real world. This is an era that is influenced by digital-economy, namely posteconomy. With its advantages, space-time freezing and freezing occur or in short space-time efficiency. The output of a human being created as a thinker, which uses his passion through the use of digital literacy in economic lines. One marketplace for buying daily necessities that are often visited by real people is Shopee. For the sake of maintaining the existence in the minds of consumers, Shopee began to aggressively take actions to link consumers or the community, one of them by making a flash sale. Furthermore, through descriptive-explanative qualitative methods with the type of library research; praxis loading and freezing of space-time (dromology) that happened as described by Paul Virilio in digital development, as a responsive substitution of real economic activity into the digital economy. Shopee uses strategic reality, the power of knowledge and the power of movement, even to make the body a commodity repertoire.
What proportion of care home outbreaks are caused by norovirus? An analysis of viral causes of gastroenteritis outbreaks in care homes, North East England, 2016-2018
Authors: Inns Thomas , Wilson Deb , Manley Petra , Harris John P , O’Brien Sarah J , Vivancos Roberto
Published: December 2019

Background Outbreaks of infectious gastroenteritis are common in care homes for the elderly. Norovirus can cause these outbreaks, but diagnosis is frequently based solely on clinical characteristics. Our objective in this study was to describe the epidemiology of norovirus and other gastrointestinal pathogens in these settings. Methods We analysed surveillance data from gastroenteritis outbreaks reported in North East England between 04 July 2016 to 01 July 2018. Stool samples taken during these outbreaks were tested for a range of viral and bacterial pathogens. We described the epidemiology of these outbreaks and explored the characteristics of norovirus outbreaks versus from other viral causes using multivariable logistic regression. Results From the 566 care home gastroenteritis outbreaks in this study, we found that norovirus was the pathogen most frequently isolated. Norovirus was detected in 64% of outbreaks with a pathogen identified. Sapovirus was found in 13%; rotavirus in 11%. We found that norovirus outbreaks were associated with higher attack rates (aOR 1.03, 95% CI 1.01-1.05) and fewer cases sampled (aOR 0.74, 95% CI 0.60-0.91), compared to outbreaks caused by other viral pathogens. Conclusions These results are important as they quantify the contribution of norovirus to gastroenteritis outbreaks in care homes. Given this evidence, we emphasize the importance of non-specific outbreak interventions that can affect the impact of all such outbreaks. We further recommend that these findings are used to inform the implementation strategies of any norovirus-specific interventions such as a norovirus vaccine.
Hiv Screening In Men And Women In Senegal: Coverage And Associated Factors Analysis Of The 2017 Demographic And Health Survey
Authors: LAKHE Ndeye Aissatou , MBAYE Khardiata DIALLO , SYLLA Khadime , NDOUR Cheikh Tidiane
Published: December 2019

Background Despite the adoption of the provider-initiated HIV testing strategy, the rate of HIV testing is still very low in sub-Saharan Africa. The aim of this study was to assess the factors associated with HIV testing among sexually active women and men in Senegal. Knowledge of HIV status is the gateway to antiretroviral treatment. Methods A secondary analysis of the 2017 Senegal Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) was performed, using data on sexually active women aged 15-49 and men aged 15-59. The outcome variable was the proportion of women and men who reported ever being tested for HIV in the last 12 months before the survey. Descriptive, bivariate, and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify the socio-demographic, HIV-knowledge, media exposure, and behavioral factors associated with HIV testing in Senegal. Results The study found that 61.1% (95%CI: 59.2-62.9) of women and 26.2% (95%CI: 24.2-28.3) of men were tested for HIV at the last 12 months. In multivariate analysis, among men the factors independently associated with being tested for HIV were: age groups 20-24 to 40-44 and age group 50-54; a higher level of education; being in the richest household wealth quintile; being married; knowing about the efficacy of HAART during pregnancy; having 2 or more lifetime sex partners and owning a mobile phone. Among women factors independently associated with HIV testing were: being in any age groups versus 15-19; a higher level of education; being in the richest household wealth quintile; being married; knowing about the efficacy of HAART during pregnancy; having any STI in last 12 months; fearing stigma; owning a mobile phone; and having any number of ANC visits, versus none. Conclusion Although HIV remains a public health threat, HIV testing’s prevalence is still low in Senegal, making it difficult to interrupt the transmission chain within the community and to reach the UNAIDS goal for 2020 of “90-90-90”. Innovative community-based strategies are needed to address barriers and improve access to HIV testing in Senegal, particularly for men and for the youngest and poorest populations. Keys words: HIV, screening; associated factors; Senegal
Association between renal function and bone mineral density in healthy postmenopausal Chinese women
Authors: Li Shuang , Zhan Junkun , Wang Yanjiao , Wang Yi , He Jieyu , Huang Wu , Sheng Zhifeng , Liu Youshuo
Published: December 2019

Background: The relationship between renal function and bone mineral density (BMD) is controversial. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship of renal function with BMD and osteoporosis risk in healthy postmenopausal Chinese women.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 776 healthy postmenopausal Chinese women. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry was used to measure BMDs. Clinical, demographic, and biochemical data were obtained at the time of image acquisition. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated using a Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) equation.
Results: Women with eGFR levels of at least 90 ml/min/1.73m2 had a lower prevalence of osteoporosis compared with women with decreased eGFR levels (60 ml/min/1.73 m2 ≤ eGFR < 90.0 ml/min/1.73 m2). BMDs at femoral neck and total hip were significantly lower in the lower eGFR class than the higher class (0.717 ± 0.106 vs 0.744 ± 0.125 g/cm2, P < 0.01; 0.796 ± 0.116 vs 0.823 ± 0.129 g/cm2, P < 0.01, respectively). eGFR was positively correlated with BMDs at femoral neck and total hip in unadjusted analysis (P <0.05). After controlling for age, menopausal duration and body mass index (BMI), decreased eGFR was not associated with osteoporosis risk.
Conclusions: After adjustments for age, menopausal duration and BMI, the decline in renal function was not independently associated with osteoporosis risk in healthy postmenopausal Chinese women.
Dilatation of the Cystic Duct Confluence in Laparoscopic Common Bile Duct Exploration and stone extraction for Patients with Secondary Choledocholithiasis
Authors: Yang Xiao-Bin , Xu An-Shu , Li Jian-Gang , Xu Yong-Ping , Xu De-Song , Fu Chao-Chun , Deng Da-Bo , Li Jie , Zhang Ma-Zhong
Published: December 2019

The advent of endoscopic and laporoscopic techniques changed surgery in many regards. A number of options exist in the management of cholelithiasis and secondary choledocholithiasis. Among them, laparoscopic common bile duct (CBD) exploration with the choledocotomy followed by laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) has gained popularity. However, efforts should be made for minimally invasive or non-invasive to the CBD. For this purpose, we modified the surgical modality by laparoscopic transcystic approach with dilatation of the cystic duct confluence in CBD exploration (LTD-CBDE). The aim of this work was to assess the feasibility, safety and effectivity of LTD-CBDE based on our preliminary experience.
DNA barcode trnH-psbA is a promising candidate for efficient identification of forage legumes and grasses
Authors: Loera-Sánchez Miguel , Studer Bruno , Kölliker Roland
Published: December 2019

Objective Grasslands are widespread ecosystems that fulfil many functions. Plant species richness (PSR) is known to have beneficial effects on such functions and monitoring PSR is crucial for tracking the effects of land use and agricultural management on these ecosystems. Unfortunately, traditional morphology-based methods are labor-intensive and cannot be adapted for high-throughput assessments. DNA barcoding could aid increasing the throughput of PSR assessments in grasslands. In this proof-of-concept work, we aimed at determining which of three plant DNA barcodes ( rbcLa , matK and trnH-psbA ) best discriminates 16 key grass and legume species common in temperate sub-alpine grasslands. Results Barcode trnH-psbA had a 100% correct assignment rate (CAR) in the five analyzed legumes, followed by rbcLa (93.3%) and matK (55.6%). Barcode trnH-psbA had a 100% CAR in the grasses Cynosurus cristatus , Dactylis glomerata and Trisetum flavescens . However, the closely related Festuca, Lolium and Poa species were not always correctly identified, which led to an overall CAR in grasses of 66.7%, 50.0% and 46.4% for trnH-psbA , matK and rbcLa , respectively. Barcode trnH-psbA is thus the most promising candidate for PSR assessments in permanent grasslands and could greatly support plant biodiversity monitoring on a larger scale.
Transcriptome analysis reveals the defense mechanism of cotton against Verticillium dahliae in the presence of the biocontrol fungus Chaetomium globosum CEF-082
Authors: ZHANG YUN , Yang Na , Zhao Lihong , Zhu Heqin , Tang Canming
Published: December 2019

Background: Verticillium wilt of cotton is a serious soil-borne disease that causes a substantial reduction in cotton yields. A previous study showed that the endophytic fungus Chaetomium globosum CEF-082 could control Verticillium wilt of cotton, and induce a defense response in cotton plants. However, the comprehensive molecular mechanism governing this response is not yet clear.
Results: To study the signalling mechanism induced by CEF-082, the transcriptome of cotton seedlings pretreated with CEF-082 was sequenced. The results revealed 5638 DEGs at 24 h post inoculation with CEF-082, and 2921 and 2153 DEGs at 12 and 48 h post inoculation with Verticillium dahliae , respectively. At 24 h post inoculation with CEF-082, KEGG enrichment analysis indicated that the DEGs were enriched mainly in the plant-pathogen interaction, MAPK signalling pathway-plant, flavonoid biosynthesis, and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathways. There were 1209 DEGs specifically induced only in cotton plants inoculated with V. dahliae in the presence of the biocontrol fungus CEF-082, and not when cotton plants were only inoculated with V. dahliae . GO analysis revealed that these DEGs were enriched mainly in the following terms: ROS metabolic process, H 2 O 2 metabolic process, defense response, superoxide dismutase activity, and antioxidant activity. Moreover, many genes, such as ERF , CNGC , FLS2 , MYB , GST and CML , that regulate crucial points in defense-related pathways were identified and may contribute to V. dahliae resistance in cotton. These results provide a basis for understanding the molecular mechanism by which the biocontrol fungus CEF-082 increases the resistance of cotton to Verticillium wilt.
Conclusions: The results of this study showed that CEF-082 could regulate multiple metabolic pathways in cotton. After treatment with V. dahliae , the defense response of cotton plants preinoculated with CEF-082 was strengthened.
Independent and reproducible hippocampal radiomic biomarkers for multisite Alzheimer’s disease: diagnosis, longitudinal progress and biological basis
Authors: Zhao Kun , Ding Yanhui , Han Ying , Fan Yong , Alexander-Bloch Aaron F. , Han Tong , Jin Dan , Liu Bing , Lu Jie , Song Chengyuan , Wang Pan , Wang Dawei , Wang Qing , Xu Kaibin , Yang Hongwei , Yao Hongxiang , Zheng Yuanjie , Yu Chunshui , Zhou Bo , Zhang Xinqing , Zhou Yuying , Jiang Tianzi , Zhang Xi , Liu Yong
Published: December 2019

Background: Hippocampal morphological change is one of the main hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The primary aim of this study is to explore whether radiomics feature is a robust biomarker for AD and further explore the biological basis of those features.Methods: Hippocampal radiomic features were extracted for classification and prediction using a support vector machine (SVM) with 1943 subjects (multi-site).Results: Multivariate classifier-based SVM analysis provided individual-level predictions for distinguishing AD patients (N=261) from normal controls (NCs; N=231) with accuracy=88.21% with inter-site cross-validation. Further analyses of a large, independent ADNI dataset (N=1228) reinforced these findings. In mild cognitive impairment (MCI) groups, a systemic analysis demonstrated that the identified features were significantly associated with clinical features (e.g., apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype, polygenic risk scores, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) Aβ, CSF Tau), and longitudinal changes in cognition ability; more importantly, the radiomic features have a consistently altered pattern with changes in the MMSE scores over 5 years of follow-up.Conclusion: These comprehensive results suggest that hippocampal radiomic features can serve as robust biomarkers for clinical applications in AD/MCI.
Epidemiology, treatment and outcomes of anemia in premature newborn babies in Centre Hospitalierd’Essos, Yaounde, Cameroon.
Authors: Ahanda Larissa , Sandie Arsene Brunelle , Ndombo Paul Olivier Koki , NjomNlend Anne Esther
Published: December 2019

IntroductionAt birth, all newborns experience a decrease in hemoglobin levels; this decrease is more emphasized in premature babies. The objective of this work was to study the epidemiological, therapeutic and outcomesof anemia amongst preterm birthsin a reference hospital in Cameroon.MethodologyThis was a two-year retrospective cohort study (January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2017). All premature infants with a hemoglobin level below 14g/dl at a given time of hospitalization were included in the study; these were divided into two groups: group A transfusion recipients and group B non-transfusion recipients. The main measurements were prevalence of premature anemia and incidence of blood transfusion, features of population and outcomes.Results142 cases of anemic premature infants (56.34% female) with a mean gestationalage of 31.58 +/- 2.81 weeks of amenorrhea and a mean birth weight of 1652.78 +/- 514.77g were included in the study. The prevalence of premature anemia was 24.2%. Blood transfusion was the most widely used therapeutic method with an incidence of 57.75%, follow by iron (56.34%) and Erythropoietin (EPO) (4.93%). Out of the 142 cases recruited, 82 were in the transfusion group and 60 in the non-transfusion group. Predictive factors of blood transfusion were gestational age (33 weeks), birth weight (less than 1500g) and non-administration of vitamin K and Uvesterol®. Premature infants transfused compared to those not transfused had a longer duration of hospitalisation (p<0,001) and more complications during hospitalization (p<0,001). The overall mortality rate was 21.13% with a higher rate in the transfused group (12,68% vs. 8, 45%) but no significant (p=0.96).ConclusionAnemia of prematurity isa frequent pathology in this setting, with Blood transfusion as main therapy. Administration of vitamin K and Uvesterol®should be ensured in this population while advocating for the access to EPO.
A nationwide survey on the use of Heated Humidified High Flow Oxygen therapy on the paediatric wards in the UK: current practice and research priorities
Authors: Hosheh Osama , Edwards Christopher T , Ramnarayan Padmanabhan
Published: December 2019

BackgroundHeated Humidified High Flow Nasal Cannula Oxygen Therapy (HHFNC) is increasingly used on the paediatric wards and High Dependency Units (HDU) for different types of pathologies and different age groups. We aimed to describe current practice related to the use of HHFNC on the paediatric wards and HDUs, weaning practices and preferred outcome measures for future research.MethodsWe carried out a cross-sectional online survey of UK paediatric consultants or their delegates working on the paediatric wards. Descriptive analysis of the their geographical, and organizational characteristics, their specialties, and their level of experience was investigated. Reasons for HHFNC initiation, weaning criteria, patients’ characteristics and their primary pathologies were also analysed.ResultsParticipation of 218 paediatricians from 81 hospitals (Median: 2.7, Range: 1-11) was registered. HHFNC was provided in most of the surveyed hospitals (93%, 75/81). A High Dependency Unit (HDU) was available in 47 hospitals (58%); less than a third of those have a dedicated paediatrician. Decisions around HHFNC were made solely by paediatricians in (75%) of the cases, mostly at hospitals with no HDU compared to those with dedicated HDUs (70.3% VS 36.6%, 95%CI:22.6%-50.4%, P< .001). Most respondents (72%) agreed that HHFNC is either the same or superior to nasal Continuous Positive Airway Pressure therapy (nCPAP). Failure rate while on HHFNC was identified as the most important outcome measure in any future research followed by the length of need for HHFNC support (37.1%, and 28% respectively). ConclusionThis survey showed support for developing a paediatric-specific national guidance on the use of HHFNC on the wards. Our list of defined research priorities may help guide further collaborative research efforts in this field.
Interactions between lncRNA TUG1 and miR-9 modulate the resistance of breast cancer cells to doxorubicin by regulating eIF5A2
Authors: Wang Shuqian , Cheng Mengjing , Zheng Xiaoxiao , Zheng Li , Liu Hao , Lu Jianju , Liu Yu , Chen Wei
Published: December 2019

Background: Breast cancer (BC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths. Chemoresistance of BC remains a major unmet clinical obstacle. TUG1 (Taurine upregulated gene 1), a long noncoding RNA (lncRNA), and microRNAs (miRNA) are implicated in therapeutic resistance. However, the interactions between TUG1 and miRNAs that regulate doxorubicin (Dox) resistance in BC remain elusive. Methods: Expression of TUG1 and miR-9 was measured by qRT-PCR (Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction). EIF5A2 (Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A-2) was detected by western blot. Transfection of siRNAs or miRNA inhibitors was applied to silence lncRNA TUG1, eIF5A2 or miR-9. Cell viability, proliferation, and apoptosis were determined by CCK-8 (Cell counting kit-8), flow cytometry, and EdU (5-ethynyl-2’-deoxyuridine) assays, respectively. The regulatory relationship between TUG1 and miR-9 was determined by a luciferase assay. Results: LncRNA TUG1 was highly expressed in BC tissues and positively associated with doxorubicin resistance in BC cell lines. SiRNA knockdown of TUG1 reversed doxorubicin resistance in MCF-7/ADR cells. Mechanistically, TUG1 acted as a ‘sponge’ for miR-9 and downregulated miR-9. Treatment with a miR-9 inhibitor blocked the effect of TUG1 siRNA, and knockdown of TUG1 inhibited the effects of miR-9. Furthermore, TUG1 inhibition of apoptosis induced by doxorubicin involved miR-9 targeting of eIF5A2.Conclusions: TUG1 modulates the susceptibility of BC cells to doxorubicin by regulating the expression of eIF5A2 via a miR-9-dependent mechanism.
Successful Implementation of Isoniazid Preventive Therapy at a Pediatric HIV Clinic in Tanzania
Authors: Hunter Olivia , Kyesi Furaha , Ahluwalia Amrit , Daffé Zeinabou Niamé , Munseri Patricia , von Reyn C. Fordham , Adams Lisa V.
Published: December 2019

Background: In accordance with international guidance for tuberculosis (TB) prevention, the Tanzanian Ministry of Health recommends isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) for children aged 12 months and older who are living with HIV. Concerns about tolerability, adherence, and potential mistreatment of undiagnosed TB with monotherapy have limited uptake of IPT globally, especially among children, in whom diagnostic confirmation is challenging. We assessed pediatric IPT implementation and adherence at a pediatric HIV clinic in Tanzania. Methods: Eligible HIV-infected children aged 1-15 years receiving care at the DarDar Pediatric Program in Dar es Salaam who screened negative for TB disease signs and symptoms were offered a 6-month regimen of daily isoniazid. Patients could choose to receive their IPT via facility- or community-based care. Isoniazid was dispensed with the child’s antiretroviral therapy every 1-3 months. IPT adherence and treatment completion was determined by pill counts, appointment attendance, and self-report. Patients underwent TB symptom screening at every visit. Results: We enrolled 66 children between July and December 2017. No patients/caregivers declined IPT. Most participants were female (n=43, 65.1%) and the median age was 11 years (interquartile range [IQR] 8, 13). 63 (95.5%) participants chose the facility-based model; due to the small number of participants who chose the community-based model, valid comparisons between the two groups could not be made. Forty-nine participants (74.2%) completed IPT within 10 months. Among the remaining 17, most (n=11, 64.7%) had IPT discontinued by their provider due to adverse drug reactions; 5 patients (29.4%) lacked documentation of completion. Of those who completed IPT, the average monthly adherence was 98.0%. None of the participants were diagnosed with TB while taking IPT or during a median of 4 months of follow-up. Conclusions: High adherence and treatment completion rates can be achieved when IPT is integrated into routine, self-selected facility-based pediatric HIV care. Improved record-keeping may yield even higher completion rates. IPT was well tolerated and no cases of TB were detected. IPT for children living with HIV is feasible and should be implemented throughout Tanzania and in similar high TB/HIV-burden settings.
Development of an Educational-Training Program for Infection Control Practitioners in Long-Term Care Hospitals Using the Dacum Method: A Descriptive Study
Authors: Jeong Sun Y , Kim Og Son
Published: December 2019

Background: Elderly persons in Korea are at risk of infection due to underlying diseases and weak immune systems. In addition, they require care in long-term care hospitals (LTCHs) that have well-trained infection control practitioners (ICPs). This study aimed to develop an educational-training program for ICPs working in LTCHs using the Developing A Curriculum (DACUM) method. Methods: A total of 209 ICPs participated in a survey and rated 12 duties and 51 tasks according to frequency, importance, and difficulty. Tasks that scored above the mean for each of the three factors were selected as key tasks and divided into five modules. Subsequently, 29 of the ICPs participated in a pilot educational-training program.Results: Of a maximum of 5.00, the mean task frequency, importance, and difficulty were 2.71, 3.90, and 3.67, respectively. The mean program satisfaction level was 93.23 (standard deviation: ±3.79 points) out of 100 points. The total knowledge, skills, and teaching efficacy scores were significantly higher after the program (p<0.001, p<0.001, and p<0.006, respectively).Conclusions: The DACUM method was used to develop an educational-training program based on the duties of ICPs. This systematically developed program was effective and has the potential to improve ICP performance and the quality of care in LTCHs.
Developing senior hospital managers: does ‘one size fit all’? – evidence from the evolving Chinese Health System
Authors: Liang Zhanming , Howard Peter F , Wang Jian , Xu Min , Zhao Mei
Published: December 2019

Background: To improve the effectiveness and efficiency of health service provision in China, the National Health Commission has emphasised that training of all health service managers is essential. However, the implementation of that policy has proven challenging for various reasons, one of which is the lack of understanding of the competency requirements and gaps.Methods: A three-component survey including the use of a validated management competency assessment tool was conducted with three senior executive groups (n=498) from three categories of hospital in Jinan, Shandong Province, China.Results: The survey confirmed that formal and informal management training amongst participants before commencing their management positions was inadequate, the applicability of core competencies identified in the Australia context to the management roles in Chinese hospitals, and the low confidence of the senior executives in their management competence. In addition, the data showed significant differences between hospital categories and management levels in terms of their commitment to formal and informal training and self-perceived management competence.Conclusions: The study suggests that management training and support should be provided using a systematic approach with specific consideration to hospital types and management levels and positions. Such an approach should include clear competency requirements to guide management position recruitment and performance management.
Lead Poisoning; a Neglected Potential Diagnosis in Abdominal Pain
Authors: Shabani Mahtab , Hadeiy Seyed Kaveh , Parhizgar Parinaz , Zamani Nasim , Mehrad Hamid , Hassanian-Moghaddam Hossein , Phillips Scott
Published: December 2019

Background Abdominal pain may be a presenting symptom of lead poisoning, and is often difficult to diagnose. We aimed to determine the prevalence of abdominal pain in patients seen in the Laghman Hakim Hospital ED and GI clinic who were lead-intoxicated, with or without opiate use disorder.Methods Between July 2017 and January 2018, patients seen in the ED and GI clinic of Loghman Hakim Hospital with unexplained abdominal pain or abdominal pain resistant to treatment were enrolled. Informed consent was obtained from potential enrollees. For standardization, a pre-designed data collection tool was developed for uniform data acquisition. Opiate use was determined historically. For this study, lead poisoning was defined as a blood lead level (BLL) greater than or equal to 30 μg/dL (1.45 micromoles/L) with concomitant GI symptoms.Results Of 125 patients admitted, 28 (22.4%) had BLLs higher than 30 μg/dL. None of the patients had signs and symptoms of opioid withdrawal syndrome during evaluation. Elevated BLLs were significantly correlated with oral opium use/abuse, history of addiction for over the preceding 12 years. The daily opium use was more than 2.75 grams. There was a statistical correlation between lead toxicity and abdominal pain consistency and intensity, constipation, and paresthesias. Anemia, leukocytosis, and abnormal liver enzyme tests were laboratory findings associated with lead toxicity. Four patients died, one of whom was diagnosed with lead toxicity.Conclusion Lead toxicity should be considered in the potential differential diagnosis of severe and resistant abdominal pain in patients referring to general EDs or GI clinics if a positive history of opium abuse exists.
Impact of spontaneous hepatocellular carcinoma rupture on surgical outcome after liver resection: a systemic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang Wei , Huang Zhi-Yong , Shu Chang
Published: December 2019

Background Spontaneous tumor rupture is a rare but life-threatening complication of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The impact of spontaneous ruptured HCC on long-term survival after liver resection (LR) remains unclear. Our aim was to compare the surgical outcome in patients who underwent LR with ruptured and non-ruptured HCC . Methods A comprehensive search using PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library and Science Citation Index Expanded databases was performed. The primary outcomes were the hazard ratio (HR) for overall survival ( OS) and disease free survival (DFS). The secondary outcomes included morbidity, hospital mortality and recurrence rate . Results Ten retrospective studies including 3222 patients met the inclusion criteria. Pooled analysis revealed a significantly poorer OS and DFS for patients with ruptured HCC compared to patients with non-ruptured HCC (HR, 2.02; 95% CI, 1.61-2.54; P< 0.00001 and HR, 1.92; 95% CI, 1.56-2.35; P<0.00001, respectively). In the subgroup analysis, both the propensity score matching (PSM) and non-PSM studies demonstrated a significantly poorer OS in the ruptured HCC group (P=0.02 and P<0.00001, respectively). However, meta-analysis of two PSM studies showed that there was not significant difference in the DFS between the two groups (P=0.50). Patients in the ruptured HCC group had a higher mortality and recurrence rate than the non-ruptured HCC group, but the difference was not significant (P = 0.05 and P = 0.06, respectively) Conclusions Surgical outcomes of the patients with the ruptured or non-ruptured HCC undergoing LR were not only affected by tumor rupture itself, but also by the tumor characteristics and liver functional status. Therefore, classifying all ruptured but resectable HCC as T4 stage is unable to accurately represent their true prognosis.
Managerial competences in public organisations: the healthcare professionals’ perspective
Authors: Fanelli Simone , Lanza Gianluca , Enna Cristiana , Zangrandi Antonello
Published: December 2019

Background: Human resources play a critical role in encouraging efficient performance within organisations, especially for public healthcare organisations, where competences of staff are key aspects of the quality of services provided. In this context, the enhancement of competences are strategic objectives for Human Resources Management (HRM) in order to achieve excellent and lasting results. However, competences of healthcare professionals are both clinical and managerial. This study identifies specific managerial competences perceived as crucial by healthcare professionals in order to improve their performance and develop suitable HRM practices. Methods: The research methodology was divided into three main phases using mixed methods, commencing with literature review to identify the initial framework about managerial competences. Focus groups were then used to discuss evidence from the literature. Feedback from focus groups was used to draft the final questionnaire. Finally, the answers to the questionnaire were analysed through statistical software. Results: The results show that managers and professionals share a view of what should be specific managerial competences for healthcare organisations. Main competences are: quality evaluation based on outcomes; enhancement of professional competences; programming based on process management; project cost assessment; informal communication style; and participatory leadership. Conclusions: Although the issue of managerial skills in healthcare is widely discussed in literature, findings are often fragmentary. Our work includes a systematic literature review useful for more empirical studies. Furthermore, our results can support public managers who want to set up positive HRM practices for healthcare professionals.
Estratégias de combate ao Aedes aegypti: conscientização no ambiente escolar.
Authors: De Souza Moreira Maria Carolina , Maria Bruna Ciuffa , Pereira Adriely Paula , Sansão Eduarda Camargo , Zaia José Eduardo
Published: December 2019

Atividades de educação não formal trazem novas perspectivas relacionadas à temática da dengue e demais doenças transmitidas pelo Aedes aegypti. A mobilização de diversas camadas sociais torna-se indispensável para minimizar o impacto causado pelo vetor em áreas de maior concentração de casos, portanto a escola se firma como a porta de entrada da conscientização, envolvendo alunos, funcionários, pais e toda a comunidade. O objetivo das atividades desenvolvidas foi abordar de maneira não formal toda a comunidade escolar, promovendo a conscientização acerca de medidas individuais de combate ao vetor. As escolas contempladas se localizam nos bairros de maior incidência de dengue no município de Passos – MG. Cerca de 600 crianças do 1º ao 5º ano do ensino fundamental e mais de 70 professores e funcionários participaram das atividades propostas, possibilitando a formação de uma rede de proteção baseada no conhecimento sobre as doenças e formas de prevenção.
Oficinas para construção de brinquedos pedagógicos: Uma experiência com grupos sociais vulneráveis
Authors: Santos Sylvana Karla da Silva de Lemos , Fernandes Cruvinel Êrika Barretto , Rocha Rafaela Maria De Medeiros Fernandes , Santos Magali Melo dos , Pereira Karla Danielle Lima , Silva Débora Augusta da
Published: December 2019

Trata-se de um relato de experiência que descreve as atividades desenvolvidas no Projeto de extensão “É brincando que se aprende”, concebido por um grupo de mulheres com o objetivo de oferecer recursos teóricos e práticos para a atuação dos participantes junto a crianças até seis anos de idade. Cada brinquedo confeccionado teve, obrigatoriamente, um propósito pedagógico para servir como estímulo sensorial às crianças, além do caráter lúdico. Os participantes da oficina foram motivados a utilizar embalagens de alimentos e materiais escolares, como papel, tesoura, lápis e cola. Para a construção dos brinquedos, foram fornecidas orientações para o emprego dos brinquedos, de acordo com a faixa etária apropriada, e sugestões para construção de outros objetos indicados em sítios web. Além da qualificação profissional, a oficina contribuiu com o fortalecimento dos laços familiares, na medida em que o aprendizado pode e deve ser reproduzido no âmbito doméstico
Developing an Item Bank for Progress Tests and Application of Computerized Adaptive Testing by Simulation in Medical Education
Authors: AYTUĞ KOŞAN Ayşen Melek , KOÇ Nizamettin , ELHAN Atilla Halil , ÖZTUNA Derya
Published: December 2019

Progress
Test (PT) is a form of assessment that simultaneously measures ability levels
of all students in a certain educational program and their progress over time
by providing them with same questions and repeating the process at regular
intervals with parallel tests. Our objective was to generate an item bank for
the PT and to examine the possible fit of CAT for PT application. This study is
a descriptive study. 1206 medical students participated. During the analysis of
the psychometric properties of PT item bank, “the Rasch model for dichotomous
items was used”. Several CAT simulations were performed by applying various
stopping rules of different standard errors. CAT simulation estimates were
compared with the estimates generated from the original calibration of the
Rasch model where all items were included. After Rasch analysis, a
unidimensional PT item bank consisting of 103 items was obtained. The item bank
reliability was calculated as 0.77 with Person Separation Index (PSI) and
Kuder-Richardson Formula 20 (KR-20). A high correlation between θ estimations
obtained from paper-and-pencil (θRM) and CAT applications (θCAT) was
detected for simulation conditions ([N(0,1)] and [N(0,3)]) at the end of our
analysis. In CAT, estimation can be made with an average of 14 questions
(reduced 86,4%) and 17 questions (reduced 83,4%) [for N(0,1) and [N(0,3)
respectively] with reliability of 0,75. This study reveals that it is possible
to develop an appropriate item bank for the PT, and the difficulty of
administering large number of items in PT can be scaled down by incorporating
CAT application.
Análisis de la variación temporal de las zonas de erosión-sedimentación en perfiles transversales de la playa de Marbella, sector túnel de Crespo, Cartagena
Authors: Muñoz Guzman Alexander , Tovio Garcia Cesar Augusto , Díaz Arellano Lina Marcela , Simancas Vásquez Edenia Del Pilar
Published: December 2019

Las playas son ecosistemas dinámicos cuyas características morfológicas e hidrodinámicas varían en tiempo y espacio, además de estar determinadas por factores naturales como el oleaje, las mareas y el viento. Estos factores necesitan ser evaluados para la gestión y recuperación de las playas; por lo cual en esta investigación se evaluó la variación temporal y espacial de las tasas de sedimentación-erosión a partir de la cuantificación de las áreas transversales en perfiles de playa levantados en dos unidades morfológicas de las playas de Marbella ubicadas al norte de Cartagena Indias, con el fin de analizar las características geomorfológicas de la zona litoral costera a través de modelos matemáticos. Se evidencia que las zonas cercanas a las estructuras costeras son las más afectados por problemas de sedimentación debido a que en estas se acumulan los sedimentos por los efectos climatológicos en la época. Asimismo, se identificaron las zonas de los sectores morfológicos que componen una playa natural a través de los perfiles levantados en la zona de estudio.
Plan estratégico basado en ITIL para mipymes en el departamento de Arauca-Colombia
Authors: Puentes Figueroa Carlos Eduardo , Maestre-Góngora Gina Paola
Published: December 2019

Este artículo tiene como propósito presentar una propuesta metodológica resultante de un proyecto de investigación que permitió la construcción de un plan estratégico de TI orientado a la gestión del servicio al cliente para una mipymes de las telecomunicaciones, fundamentado en las buenas prácticas de ITIL Versión 3 (IT Infrastructure Library o biblioteca de infraestructura de TI). Lo que permite dar solución a problemáticas de las mipymes en las cuales existe una carencia de un plan estratégico que defina sus procesos y actividades relacionadas con el servicio al cliente. La metodología definida dentro del proyecto es una investigación aplicada en la cual se realiza un proceso de indagación y caracterización de la información, de forma que genera el diseño de un plan estratégico y demás acciones orientadas a la mejora de calidad en la prestación de los servicios del área de TI en una mipymes del sector tecnológico en el departamento de Arauca.
Protección jurídica de niños, niñas y adolescentes en materia de derechos humanos
Authors: Bolívar Mojica Eyder
Published: December 2019

Las disposiciones normativas que regulan los derechos humanos son el corpus iuris que obliga a los Estados parte en materia de implementación de mecanismos para la protección y promoción efectiva, además constituye el límite al ejercicio del poder por parte de estos.