bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Using Statistical Methods to Assess Indicators Impacting Coal Ash Content for Underground Mining
Authors: Artemova E A , Moskalenko T V , Vorsina E V
Published: February 2022

This article dwells upon the improvement of coal ash content management efficiency for underground mining, which can help increase the efficiency of coal mining companies. The authors demonstrate that statistical methods are best suited for determining the key factors impacting the ash content of the produced coal. The authors selected the statistical methods to help solve the stated problems. To analyze the factors increasing the ash content of the coal mined underground, the authors used the Ishikawa method to identify problems and their causes. They used the expert method and ranked experts’ assessments obtained to select the most significant indicators in terms of their impact on the ash content of the coal mined underground for each of the indicator groups established. To select the most significant indicators, the authors used the Pareto method and ABC-analysis. As a result, they obtained indicator categories. The subsequent analysis within each of the categories helped formulate homogeneous indicator groups and select the ones that have the highest impact on the ash content of the coal produced underground. The set of the statistical methods used helped identify five indicators that have the greatest impact on the ash content of the coal produced in underground mines. These include the total thickness of intermediate rocks, mining face length, the operating width of the combine actuator, shear thickness, and bed thickness. These can be used to form an ash content management system for underground coal mining.
Mineralogy and Genesis of Zeolites of Gedarif Area, Eastern Sudan
Authors: Suliman T A , Eshag T E , Hassan M A , Kotelnikov A E
Published: February 2022

Amygdaloidal, cavity- and vein-filling zeolites in basaltic rocks from the Gedarif area in the eastern Sudan have been studied in some detail by optical microscope and XRD techniques combined with field observations. This show that basalt experienced two paragenetic stages with respect to their texture and mineralogy. Stage 1 alteration, which occurred in response to the burial of basaltic rocks and their interaction with heated groundwater, is characterized by the formation of low-temperature zeolite facies minerals in vesicles (amygdales) containing mainly fine-grained zeolite minerals (natrolite, stilbite, chabazite, analcime and thomsonite). Stage 2 mineralization occurred due to an activity of hydrothermal solutions that formed large crystals of natrolite, stilbite, chabazite, analcime and mesolite, associated frequently with quartz (Geodes quartz), calcite and semi gemstones.
Determination of Reservoir Parameters by Pressure Build-Up Curve, Recorded after Prolonged Well Development
Authors: Levitina E E , Zaboeva M I , Kovalev I A
Published: February 2022

The article discusses the determination of the filtration parameters of the formation such as hydraulic conductivity, permeability, piezoconductivity using the data obtained during the hydrodynamic study of the well. The pressure build-up curve recorded as a result of the study is processed by the tangential method and also allows one to assess the degree of contamination of the bottom-hole part of the formation and calculate the actual and potential well production rate. The data obtained are of great importance for making operational decisions in the regulation and control of the development of oil fields.
Vulnerability Assessment of Karst Underground Waters in the Territory of Non-Centralized Water Supply
Authors: Romanov R V , Kuzichkin O R , Vasiliev G S
Published: February 2022

This paper considers an individual approach to assessing the vulnerability of karst groundwater. It is based on the allocation of such indicators as the geological structure of the observed territory, the concentration of runoff entering the karst channels, and the precipitation regime. Due to regional climatic, hydrogeological and landscape features, a private methodology for assessing the vulnerability of karst groundwater has been developed. To assess the vulnerability of sources of non-centralized water supply, a factor is taken into account, including such indicators as lithology, soil thickness, and the presence of a karst base. The most intense karst processes occur on river terraces, valley slopes. For this purpose, a factor is taken into account, including the level of river flow by hydrogeological posts, underground flow, karst craters, tectonic faults, and vegetation. The development of karst is also promoted by high gradients of the underground flow and underground water outlets in riverbeds and coastal slopes. For this purpose, the factor is taken into account, which is formed on the basis of the criterion of the development of the karst network and the hydrographic network.

A relatively large amount of precipitation, especially in the form of rain, and low evaporation determine the increased values of surface and underground runoff and, accordingly, the development of dissolution and leaching processes. Among the external factors, the solubility of minerals is significantly affected by the total mineralization and chemical composition of the dissolving waters. As a result of the observations, spatio-temporal dependencies were identified in the controlled territory.
Breed as One of Significant Factors that Determine the Level of Yield and Its Quality
Authors: Matvienko E V , Zolkin A L , Suchkov D K , Pankratova L A
Published: February 2022

Breed is studied in the article as of significant factors that determine the level of yield and its quality. World experience shows that the consistent increase in the yield of cultivated crops is based on the improvement of the cultivation technology and the achievements of breeding. The production of agricultural products is based on the variety of breeds. According to A.A. Zhuchenko, breed determines the basic requirements for cultivation technologies: productivity, energy efficiency, environmentally friendly quality and environmental protection. It is believed that 25% of the yield is determined by the genetic characteristics of the cultivated breed. The role of the genotype in increasing and stabilizing the yield is constantly increasing, and the contribution of the breed during zoning is estimated at 30 … 50%.
Architectural Development of Middle Asia: Experience of “New Ashgabat”
Authors: Shershneva E G
Published: February 2022

The article considers modern creative directions in the architectural landscape of the Turkmen city – Ashgabat. Analysis of features of the most original public buildings, unique symbolic monuments and the residential environment of the city is presented. There is a trend towards the development of stylistic features of monumental architecture, the search for unique images and forms with a deep socio-cultural semantic meaning. Architectural form reflects the history, culture and traditions of Turkmen people. The architectural appearance of Ashgabat is represented by the dominance of white marble as the main building material, the embodiment of national symbols in various objects, unique symbolic monuments and fountains. “New Ashgabat” emphasizes respect for national and life values: love, family, health, well-being and development. The white color of buildings as an urban color concept has a positive effect on the psycho-emotional state and health of citizens. Review of architectural innovations in Ashgabat allows to conclude that some features of sustainable architecture are visible. Noted that in this city there are trappings of a neo-city, expressed in design innovations and increasing the comfort of urban environment. It is actualized, that future development of the city is seen in the context of ecological urbanism and energy effective.
Analysis of the Prospects of Perennial Herbaceous Plants in Urban Landscaping for Creating Sustainable Floral Compositions
Authors: Korenkova E A , Shiryaeva N A , Naumkin V V
Published: February 2022

The authors of the article considered a relevant problem of using perennial plants in landscaping Russian cities in connection with their unique climatic conditions, existing traditions in landscaping and bad environmental conditions. For the natural and climatic conditions of the forest-steppe zone of the Russian Federation, a selection of perennial flowering plants that are resistant to the urban environment according to the criteria of low maintenance, shade tolerance, drought resistance and undemanding soil fertility has been carried out. When choosing perennial plants, the preference was given to the representatives of the local flora, large in height and stable for a long time in decorativeness. In this case it is possible to use the developed assortment when creating sustainable floral compositions in cities, meeting modern requirements of aesthetics, environmental friendliness and economy of the landscape objects. The design projects developed by the authors provide with the creation of modular flower beds of round, triangular, square shapes in the form of mixborders combined of large-sized flowering plants that easily fit into any configuration of the existing flower garden and are assembled by rhythmic repetition of the modules or their combination.
Urban Zoning as a Method to Protection and Develop Historic Settlements (within the Volgograd Region)
Authors: Yastrebova N A , Eterevskaya I N , Stetsenko S E
Published: February 2022

The text of the article contains a brief overview of the development of the legislative and legal framework of urban planning zoning in the field of protection and development of cultural heritage objects. The article makes an attempt to systematize the main directions of development of the methodological basis of urban planning zoning in the last two decades, aimed not only at rational use of territories with cultural heritage objects, but also at their protection. Modern methodological developments in the context of continuous monitoring and adjustment of town-planning regulations for specific municipal entities and their territorial objects possessing cultural heritage objects are considered. The inconsistencies in the system of protection of territorial cultural objects in defining the boundaries of planning components within settlements, their protection status and its implementation in the system of Land Use and Development Regulations have prompted a scientific study of the development of protection potential by methods of urban planning zoning for local historical settlements with or without the status of a “historical settlement”.
Study of the Potential of the Territory for the Organization of Ecological Tourism on the Territory of the Volgograd Region and Measures for Its Development
Authors: Stetsenko S E , Yastrebova N A , Eterevskaya I N
Published: February 2022

Ecotourism, based on the principles of minimizing the impact on the natural environment, interactive eco-education, support for specially protected natural areas and the local population, is one of the most dynamically developing modern nature-oriented destinations in world tourism.

The development of tourist infrastructure is also relevant for the Volgograd region, which is rich in unique natural sites that attract tourists every year.

Currently, it is required to develop measures for the formation and functioning of a unified system of ecological tourism in the Volgograd region, taking into account modern requirements in the field of environmental protection, the formation of ecological thinking among the population, and the organization of tourism.
Development of Riverine Landscape Spaces in the City Structure
Authors: Barsukova N I , Pallotta V I , Vasilenko E V
Published: February 2022

The purpose of the article is to identify the principles of design design for the improvement of urban areas, aimed at the quality of life of the citizen, the study of an integrated approach to the creation of open urban spaces of increased comfort. The emphasis is placed on the principle of balancing the artificial and natural environment. The identification of the recreational potential of coastal areas was carried out on the example of the city of Togliatti, which has a special role in coastal areas located along the Volga River and reservoirs. The result of the study was an experimental design of recreational space on the original landscape territory. The possibility of developing riverine territories not as presentation embankments is shown. The goal of the project is to leave the natural landscape as much as possible, while making access to the river quite convenient, and staying near the water comfortable due to technical facilities. But the main thing is to create a design form of the observation deck, which will visually enrich the environment both from the river area and from the city. The organization of riverine territories as a water-green framework of the city, while preserving the existing landscape, contributes to the ecological compensation of the city.
Monitoring of Objects Urban Gardening. Information System «Quality Management of Urban Sites Greening»
Authors: Avdeeva E , Ivanov D , Markelova K
Published: February 2022

Monitoring of landscaping objects is a system of operational control over the violation of their stability, damage by pests, damage to diseases and other natural and anthropogenic factors of the environment, as well as a system for tracking the dynamics of these processes, which provides early detection of the unfavorable state of plantings, assessment and forecast of the development of ecologically unfavorable situations, obtaining reliable information about undesirable changes in nature under the influence of anthropogenic impact and materials for substantiating and making timely decisions. The article presents an algorithm for the formation of the information and analytical system “Quality management of urban landscaping objects”. At the first stage in the monitoring process, the tasks of observation and data acquisition are solved, such as: substantiation of the number and location of permanent observation sites in the city plan, which should be maximally represented in all zones of the city and in all categories of green areas; thematic mapping; creation of an information model. Approbation of the formation of a passport for the planting object of these techniques is presented on the example of a park in Krasnoyarsk.
Trends and Problems in Designing Architectural Image of Modern Sports and Health Complexes Using the Case of the Moscow Region
Authors: Shamaeva T , Zinkevich E
Published: February 2022

Over the past 10 years, the population of Russia has had an increased interest in amateur training. There are many wellness and sports complexes being constructed allowing people to comfortably do sport. This article shows the analysis and identification of characteristic features of volumetric planning solutions and architectural and town-planning design of such complexes. The modern sports and wellness center (SWC) should have versatile and multi-functional planning solutions. Analysis of the objects showed that a modern SWC has a small area of up to 2,000 sq.m. and the number of floors vary from 1 to 3. The complexes are aimed at a wide range of users, at different age groups, in addition to multi-purpose gyms, there are some specialized ones included in the layout: tennis courts, gymnastics, volleyball, swimming pools and skating rinks, as well as additional recreation functions: SPA treatments, baths, nutrition. The structural system of buildings is metal frame one.

The volume solution for the complexes varies from simplified to complex forms, facades have various finishing materials and color schemes. The variety of solutions allows to create unique buildings, but at the same time, it makes it difficult to visually identify buildings as sport and wellness centers. The necessity of creating a unified system of visual identities for mass sports facilities was identified.
Influence of Tanks Design Features on Earthquake Resistance in Permafrost Areas
Authors: Belash T A , Dymov E A
Published: February 2022

Tanks for the storage of oil and gas play a special role in the oil and gas industry. During the construction and design of such structures in difficult geological conditions, increased attention is paid to their safe operation. The combined manifestation of seismic impacts and the presence of permafrost can pose an increased danger. The article presents an analysis of the various components of an oil and gas storage system. A comparative analysis of the seismic resistance of storage tanks was carried out, taking into account the presence of a thawed permafrost base in the base. It is shown that during thawing, the permafrost base can greatly affect the seismic resistance of the structure.
Analysis of the General Stability of Buried Pipelines in the Longitudinal Direction Taking into Account the Peculiarities of Their Construction and Operation
Authors: Kozhaeva K V , Azmetov Kh A , Pavlova Z Kh
Published: February 2022

Main oil and gas pipelines should be checked for overall longitudinal stability. In this case, the longitudinal compressive force in the cross-section of the pipeline, leading to the loss of its stability, is determined by the effect of a positive temperature difference in the metal of the pipes and the working pressure in its cavity. The longitudinal critical force, at which the loss of longitudinal stability of the pipeline occurs, is determined according to the rules of structural mechanics in the plane of the least bending stiffness of the system taking into account the constructive solution of its laying. The value of the longitudinal critical force of a buried pipeline depends on the geometric characteristics of the pipe, its weight with the pumped product, the parameters of curvature of the longitudinal axis of the pipeline when it is laid along the terrain, and the resistance of the soil to its longitudinal and transverse displacement. During operation, due to a decrease in the resistance of the soil surrounding the pipeline to its movements for various reasons, a decrease in the critical force occurs. Loss of stability of a buried pipeline occurs in the plane with the least bending stiffness of the system. With the help of theoretical studies of the general stability of buried pipelines, analytical dependences of the longitudinal critical force for a buried pipeline were obtained on the basis of taking into account the curvature of the longitudinal axis of the pipeline during construction and reducing the resistance to displacement of the pipeline during its operation for 5 different design schemes.
Technological Capabilities of Impulse Rotators
Authors: Antipina E S , Zhilin S N , Kukinova G V
Published: February 2022

In the article “Technological capabilities of impulse rotators” the results of use of impulse rotators in some technological processes, differential adjustment of their motion with kinematic and dynamic vibration exciter are considered. Equation of kinetic energy of impulse rotator allows to determine mutual influence of design elements on rational use of supplied pulse energy for useful work. Positive qualities of kinematic torsional vibration exciters are noted, the main of which is organization of force pulse regularity and its considerable force possibilities of pulse creation. A generalized graph of the change of productivity and wear of the working element of the pulse converter compared to the static one is given.

Features of impulse rotators with kinematic excitation of torsional oscillations make it possible to change the mode of work performance, to apply low-energy processes of individual operations. Transportation way of destruction products by the screw with use of an impulse rotator on breeds above average fortress excludes use of the compressor. Machines with rolling and spring impact tools do not correspond to the screw method of destruction products discharge and require compressor use. In this case, the energy intensity of production unit increases more than twice.
Predicting the Condition of Heat Networks Sections Based on the Comparison of the Heat Transfer Model with the Thermography Data
Authors: Bukarov N , Malakhov D , Lysova E
Published: February 2022

With the enormous length of district heating networks, the need to restore heat pipelines is constantly increasing. Elimination of accidents requires much higher material costs than their prevention, therefore, timely detection of hazardous areas in an emergency relation and their replacement during preventive repairs is important. In this regard, it is necessary to predict the actual state of individual elements and the heat transportation system as a whole for the subsequent decision-making on its operational reliability. The aim of the work is to increase the reliability of heat supply systems by improving the method for predicting potentially hazardous sections of heat pipelines. The article presents a method of qualitative prediction of the state of underground heating mains, based on a comparison of heat losses calculated on the basis of thermography data with the values of heat losses determined from test data.
Investigation of the Operation of Inverter Units for the Possibility of Working in the Cooling Mode at Low Outdoor Temperatures
Authors: Sargsyan S V
Published: February 2022

The possibility of avoiding problems associated with low outdoor air temperatures at the design stage of the air conditioning system of a responsible object is considered. A study was conducted in laboratory conditions to determine the operability of inverter split systems at an ambient (outdoor) air temperature of “minus” 30°C. As a result of field tests in laboratory conditions, the possibility of operating inverter split systems in cooling mode at an ambient temperature of “minus” 30°C is presented.
Possibilities of Using Frame Structures of Industrial Buildings for Placing Wind Energy Generating Devices
Authors: Finogenov A I
Published: February 2022

The article deals with the highly relevant problem of finding additional sources of energy supply for industrial enterprises using alternative energy-saving energy sources. The author considers the possibility for using the energy potential of surface wind flows with the formation of a wind profile to fit conditions of applications in industrial buildings, as the central idea. The proposed concept is substantiated by the possibility of effective use of outdoor wind generators in construction of the supporting frame of industrial building. The method of integrating wind-driven generators into the structure of a multi-span industrial building is illustrated by the author in the case study of a completed pilot project. The author proposes a solution for a multi-span frame with the formation of a wind-driven transverse profile of the building. A new architectural & constructive solution fundamentally provides a possibility for rational placement of a supporting frame of additional wind-driven power plant with the use of wind turbines in a single integral configuration. Efficient types of turbogenerators were used in the form of built-in multi-row sections configured in the upper zone of the production building, with comprehensive maintenance of the said sections provided. The research results are recommended for wide implementation of such wind generator plants in design and upgrade of industrial buildings for multiple purposes with energy-efficient use of the structural features of their supporting frame. The author has substantiated the prospects for further comprehensive research.
Functional Design of Lekotek Centers
Authors: Kuznetsova A A , Generalova E.M. , Potienko N D
Published: February 2022

This study aims to investigate the current trends in inclusive preschool educational facility design and planning. It highlights the most common types of special needs preschool establishments, which was made possible through the historical analysis of regulatory guidelines and studying the most common disabilities in children. The facilities under analysis provide advisory support and educational services for children with special needs and their families. The paper also gives a definition of a lekotek as a new generation preschool facility designed to solve problems of socialization and education for disabled children and their parents. The research draws on statistical information confirming the relevance of this study. It systematizes the historical evidence of the development of inclusive preschool facilities, which reflects how this type of buildings and its functional design evolved in different countries. The study proposes a methodology for developing a functional design of a lekotek so that it creates a better classroom environment for children with special needs that allows them to thrive and rehabilitate in an educational setting.
Control of Load-Bearing Structures of Technological Overpasses
Authors: Sazonova S A , Nikolenko S D , Osipov A A
Published: February 2022

The paper considers the process of examining the load-bearing structures of technological overpasses of an old production enterprise. The scope of work performed during the survey is given. The characteristics of each overpass are given. The main defects and damages of overpasses are given with an indication of their causes. All defects are listed for each overpass. A recommendation was made to eliminate defects and damages. The purpose of the inspection process was to determine the technical state of the operating technological racks of an industrial enterprise to ensure their further safe operation, taking into account the loads from additional technological pipelines.
Taking into Account the Requirements of Ergonomics as an Important Factor in Creating a Comfortable Environment in an Educational Institution
Authors: Vasilyev A S , Zemlyak V L , Boychin R E
Published: February 2022

The research aim was to suggest a project version for a comfortable stay to people, including handicapped population groups in an educational institution, taking into account current ergonomics requirements. It is the principle of ergonomics that determines the concept of design, architectural and equipment capability of a building. The objective of the present research is to find the right combination of ergonomic principles suggested by the authors for the most comfortable stay of various groups of people, including those with limited mobility while studying in a university building. The university building was modeled in the Revit Structure 2020 Computer-aided design (CAD) system to solve this problem taking into account actual building regulations including the ergonomics requirements. The scientific merit of the study consists of the suggestion and validation of the available ergonomic requirements applied in a definite project. The object is a university building with an inner courtyard and an adjacent entrance hall, a gym and four academic buildings. The structure of the main building of the university is an elliptic paraboloid. The safety provisions and ergonomics for people with reduced mobility are focused on according to the present performance requirements. The paper also describes the original construction of the building. In addition to the convenient location of objects, it lets the wind flows level down.
Comparison of Curved Roofs of Various Configurations
Authors: Sobakin A A , Nikolaeva D A , Burtsev R M
Published: February 2022

Curved roofs of various configurations have been compared considering the snow load distribution pattern. The dependence of the roof slope, which is the determining factor affecting the snow accumulation, on the relative roof height has been determined. The pattern of snow accumulation on curved roofs with circumferential, square parabolic, sinusoidal, and elliptical shapes, most widespread in construction, have been considered. The snow deposition patterns on curved roofs of various shapes have been analyzed. Recommendations are given for choosing the most effective roof configurations, considering the snow load distribution.
Parameters and Ratios of Metal Cylindrical Mesh Shells
Authors: Siyanov A
Published: February 2022

Finite element modeling, calculation and analysis of metal cylindrical mesh shells are carried out. The choice of the surface topology is justified and the recommended ratios of overall dimensions are adopted. The criteria for determining the stability of the grid are given. The limits of permissible curvature and the main geometric parameters are obtained. The effect of increasing the rigidity and height of the structure on the work of the mesh surface is analyzed. Patterns of changes in nodal deviations and internal force factors of vulnerable areas of the shell are revealed. The results of changes in the shape and features of the critical deformation of the system are presented.
Commissioning of Water Treatment Facilities in Rural Areas
Authors: Sargsyan A M , Ilyin N A , Drondin M S
Published: February 2022

This article raises the problem of providing rural residents with drinking quality water and routing the water supply network. It is advisable to install a centralized water supply system. In view of the existing structure of the territories of rural settlements, cramped conditions and numerous structures, the network will be laid in trays. There will be two pipelines in the trays. One pipeline will be used for household and drinking needs, the other for irrigation of green spaces. The article discusses the technological scheme of the existing treatment facilities, and the technological scheme of the projected treatment facilities, and also presents the layout of the treatment facilities.
Peculiarities Research of Buildings and Structures Energy Efficiency
Authors: Yudin A A , Biktasheva A R , Gabitov A I , Salov A S
Published: February 2022

The constant buildings growth inevitably increases volume and work cost on their technical diagnosis. This defines the relevance of introducing non-destructive testing modern methods, which accelerate diagnosis, obtain a reliable assessment of technical condition and residual resource reasonable prognostication in safe operation field. Priority are control methods that do not require facility decommissioning, which provides a significant time and money reduction. Currently, infra-red thermal imaging using interest has significantly increased. This is due to the adoption of Russian Federation regulatory documents on improving energy efficiency and energy-saving technologies introduction in the construction and buildings reconstruction. Sweden, Canada and the United States developed a significant number of standards and guidelines for practical examinations of buildings and structures using thermal imaging quality control methods of building constructions thermal insulation at the end of the last century.

On the other hand, relatively inexpensive matrix detectors of infrared radiation have been developed and put into widespread use, as a result of measurement models have become available.

In the Bashkortostan Republic based on the analysis of thermal imaging studies of housing, civil and industrial construction projects, energy-efficient building construction have been developed and proposed.
Methodology and Calculation of Horizontal Rigid Ribs in Bunkers for Storing Bulk Materials
Authors: Mityunin A A , Ezdina A A , Ezdin D P
Published: February 2022

In industrial production for the storage or processing of various bulk materials such as compound feed, grain, coal, crushed stone, sand, rocks, etc. use different containers and bins. Depending on the physical and mechanical properties of materials, containers and bunkers of various types are used.

When designing tanks and bunkers, various engineering solutions are used to save material and reliable strength of the entire structure of tank structures. One of these solutions is the installation of stiffeners on the surfaces of the hoppers, which gives additional rigidity to the entire structure and saves material by reducing the thickness of the hopper walls.

In order to select the required stiffeners, a number of studies are required. The purpose of these studies is to establish the most optimal parameters of stiffeners, such as width, thickness, spacing, steel strength class, as well as to assess and substantiate the economic feasibility of using the selected ribs in the structures of tanks and bunkers.

A technique has been developed that allows one to determine the main parameters of stiffeners, setting constant parameters set depending on economic and technological conditions. In our case, the geometric dimensions of the bunker and the spacing of the ribs were used as constant parameters.
Digital Mainstream in the Promotion of Food Industry Products
Authors: Baurina S B , Khudyakov S V , Uchirova M Y
Published: February 2022

Digitalization of the food industry involves the use of modern digital information technologies at all stages of agro-industrial production, i.e. digital transformation of the industry, as well as other high technologies formed at the intersection of electronics and robotics. Information technologies, digital technologies, science-intensive technologies are currently closely intertwined, and their implementation in the industry depends not only on the degree of computerization, but also on the level of use of systems, devices and mechanisms that allow for the possibility of autonomous use (without human intervention). The article outlines well-known advanced innovative technologies, including “smart”, “precision” farming, artificial intelligence, nanotechnology, biotechnology, off-ground growing of plants (hydroponics) and vertical farming, satellite navigation systems for combines and other equipment, autonomous robots, unmanned aerial vehicles, “Internet of Things”, blockchain technologies. The characteristics of existing digital technologies are given and the options for using artificial intelligence in the food industry are described. In addition to artificial intelligence, complex agricultural technologies are: “smart” agriculture, “smart farming”, “precision farming”, etc.
Improving the Efficiency and Reliability of the Internal Heating System on the Example of a Shopping Center
Authors: Biryuzova E A , Glukhanov A S
Published: February 2022

Shopping centers belong to the type of buildings in which all internal engineering systems are present. Therefore, the study of the shopping center, as an example of carrying out work on the application of various proposals for the use of secondary energy in the complex and, consequently, for energy saving and improving reliability and efficiency, is relevant. In addition, the use of various heat carriers allows us to consider the issue of energy saving more widely. The article compares the traditional heat supply system and the combined system, as well as the development of optimal energy-ecological solutions for the design of the heat supply system of a shopping center using the heat of condensation of refrigeration equipment used to comply with the technological process of cooking and storing food. The peculiarity of the proposed solution is that CO2 is used as a refrigerant in the refrigeration system, which is proposed to be used as a heat carrier for heating water in the hot water supply system.
Organizing Industrial Construction of Nuclear Power Facilities in the Global Nuclear Power Markets taking into account Reliability Simulations from Pre-Investment Stages
Authors: Baronin S , Berezka V
Published: February 2022

This article considers the problem of ensuring the growth of export capacities of the industrial construction of nuclear power facilities in the global markets through the simulation and management of the organizational reliability during the pre-investment stage. This research is made relevant by a high level of uncertainty in the implementation of international investment projects for nuclear power when over 60% of the world’s nuclear reactors are constructed with delays and at increasing costs. The purpose of this research is to develop methodological approaches and practical recommendations on the modeling and complex management of organizational reliability indicators for the industrial construction of nuclear power facilities in the global markets during the pre-investment stages. This article presents the following results: the simulation procedure for the organizational reliability and life cycles of the industrial construction of nuclear power facilities developed by the authors, development specifics and trends for this type of industrial construction, recommendations concerning the organization of industrial construction to improve the reliability of nuclear power facility construction based on a managed factor space and multi-criterion optimization of calendar schedules. The conceptual approach to modeling and management of the organizational reliability of nuclear power industrial construction and operation life cycles in question can be determined as a promising market tool that can be used to regulate the increase of the competitive abilities of the Russian branches of Rosatom State Corporation. This stipulates facilitating the growth of the industrial construction of nuclear power facilities in the global market from the current share of Rosatom State Corporation of 26% (120 billion USD) to 40-50% before 2035 through the improvement of the organizational reliability of the implementation of this type of investment projects.
Method for Reducing Total Iron Concentration in Rivers of Leningrad Region Using Bank Protection by Gabion with a Special Filler
Authors: Sakharova A , Spryzhkova U , Abu-Khasan M
Published: February 2022

The authors of the article studied the rivers and lakes of the Leningrad region of the North-West region of the Russian Federation for the total iron content and analyzed the results obtained. This chemical indicator is being investigated due to the fact that it can have an adverse effect on the environment and human health. The main goal of the work was to analyze the most polluted water bodies of the Leningrad region in terms of excess of the maximum permissible concentration (MPC) for total iron and to develop a way to reduce its concentration. A colorimetric analysis method was used to obtain the data. Exceeding the maximum permissible concentration for total iron was found in more than 80% of samples. A detailed analysis of the three most polluted water bodies was carried out. The results obtained showed that the water bodies of the Leningrad region are heavily contaminated with common iron. In this regard, it is required to develop special measures to reduce its concentration. The authors suggest the use of gabion structure with a special filler for bank stabilization and reduction of the concentration of total iron to the most polluted rivers of the Leningrad region.
Studying Seismic Stability of Buildings Constructed Using Lift-Slab Method and Equipped with Rubber-Steel Seismic Isolators
Authors: Muradyan G K , Noskov A S
Published: February 2022

As the construction industry develops, unique unconventional methods of improving the seismic stability of buildings are used. One of these methods is the seismic isolation of buildings using special isolating supports. Rubber steel supports with high damping ability can improve the seismic stability of the building by 1.5 times on average. Since the seismic stability of the buildings constructed using the lift-slab method was set at up to 7 points, we expect to increase it to 8-9 points through the installation of the rubber steel supports in these buildings. The implementation of the current seismic resistance improvement methods for the existing buildings and structures shall help achieve the following: improve the preparation of the authorities and residents to major earthquakes; significantly reduce seismic risks and the consequences of both major earthquakes and industrial disasters caused by earthquakes; provide the economic and social stability of the country in case of emergencies.
On the Necessity and Possibility of Introducing Self-Driving Systems in an Urban Environment
Authors: Burmich A K , Vlasova M F , Stepanova N R
Published: February 2022

This article analyses the possibility of using self-driving systems in the field of public transport. In this study, the type of public transport considered is the tram. Today, self-driving innovative technologies are becoming publicly available. It is shown that in the field of modernization of the artificial intelligence of the tram, maximum practical experience is needed to improve its adaptation to various external situations. The study suggests the practical application of self-driving systems in a city with a population of 1.5 million people. This city is Yekaterinburg, Russia. The best world experience in the field of automation of public transport processes is considered. The article also provides an algorithm for the introduction of self-driving systems into the urban environment. The advantages and disadvantages of the existing and modernized tram fleet are shown on the example of the city of Yekaterinburg. SWOT analysis was used as a tool for assessing the need and possibility of introducing a tram.
Monitoring Concrete Road Pavement Damages
Authors: Sazonova S A , Nikolenko S D , Akamsina N V
Published: February 2022

The paper considers the main processes that affect the quality of concrete road surfaces. The quality of concrete pavement depends on the quality of the preparation of the base, the concrete components quality, and the quality of the coating technology. The processes of concrete components quality control, the process of its manufacture, as well as the control of road surfaces that have fully gained strength and are ready for use are studied. Examples of the defects formation on concrete surfaces are given. The factors influencing the occurrence of deformations in road surfaces are considered. In fact, concrete is a mixture of a binder, coarse and fine aggregate, various additives and water. The process of its production is a set of mandatory measures, without which it will not be possible to obtain high-quality durable material. The measures that exclude the defects formation on concrete road surfaces are proposed. The purpose of the paper is to analyze the processes of concrete road surfaces construction with the identification of the main measures to improve their quality.
Geochemical Characteristics of Igneous Rocks of the Nizhnetaezhny Ore District (North Primorye)
Authors: Medvedev E I , Ivin V V
Published: February 2022

The article discusses the features of the geological structure and composition of the magmatic rocks of the Nizhnetaezhny ore district (North Primorye). It ncludes the East Sikhote-Aligna Volcano-plutonic belt (ESAVPB) and is located in the transition zone Continent Ocean. ESAVPB is the typomorphic link of the East Asian Occinno-Continental Volcanogenic, reconstructed by A. I. Khanchuk as an oversumbays. Other links are known as the Okhotsko-Chukchi, Busan and Southeast Chinese belts. To determine the age of the magmatic arrays, the NTOD selected from the two most representative intrusive bodies of the node of the Malinovsky and Berezovsky massives, between them the main mass of ore mineralization is located. The determination of the ages of the K-Ar method is shown that quartz diorites were formed in Paleocene (64 ± 1 million years), and biotite porphyrene granites in Eocene (47 ± 2 million years). It was previously assumed that the Malinovsky massive is a typical representative of Primorsky, and Berezovsky and the Zavodskoy - Samarka or Bogopolskaya volcanic Plutonic Comlex. Considering that some definitions show (62 ± 1 million years) and characterize porphyry dacites in the Exocontact attacked of the Berezovsky massive, and in the bottom of the incision of the bogopolskaya suites, the lumpy tuffs of rhyolitic and touff-conglomerates contain retalized and half-rolled fragments of the myarol granites common in the Primorsky complex, we can conclude About accessories Malinovsky and Berezovsky massive to the Samarkinskiy complex. In favor of such a conclusion, the determination of the age of monzodiorite (64 ± 1 million years) and pyroxene diorites (57 ± 2 million years) of the Malinovsky massive, which are consistent with the refined rates of the age of the Samargna suite, are appropriate.
Features of the Designing of Infectious Diseases Hospitals in a Pandemic
Authors: Plyashkevich A I , Melnikova I B
Published: February 2022

The article describes hospital design in a period of pandemic. In the situation of a rapidly spreading epidemic of coronavirus infection, the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation has faced a lacking of isolation hospitals in more than a dozen regions of Russia. There were taken various methods of setting up health care institutions for infectious patients during the year, in order to conquer the infection spread. Three of those came out to be the most effective. The first method is adaptation of the existing public buildings for health care needs. Another method is building pre-fabricated field hospitals. The third one is repurposing existing hospitals to infectious ones. This article investigates these basic approaches of creating hospitals in a period of pandemic and giving analysis to the main planning principles for infectious types of heath care institutions.
Influence of the Multilayer Nature of Reinforcement of Open Thin-Walled Cylindrical Carbon Shells on Their Natural Vibrations
Authors: Sysoev E O , Dobryshkin A Yu , Volik E O , Pushkareva O E
Published: February 2022

In the near future, mega-long-span structures will be required for creating stable microclimate over large areas, regardless of the natural conditions, for comfortable living of people. Thin-walled shell structures made of carbon materials with high strength properties are best suited for this purpose. The problem with thin-walled shells resides in vibrations caused by the action of external forces, which can lead to structural failure. The paper presents and experimental study of influence of the multilayer nature of reinforcement of open thin-walled cylindrical carbon shells on their natural vibrations. Experimental data have been compared to the theoretical calculations of open thin-walled cylindrical shell vibrations taking into account the frequency spectrum splitting. It has been found that with the increase in the number of carbon fabric reinforcement layers, vibration frequency deviation in open thin-walled cylindrical carbon shells increases at the initial stage as compared to the analytic model.