bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KEJADIAN PREEKLAMPSI PADA KEHAMILAN: LITERATUR REVIEW
Authors: Norfitri Raihana
Published: September 2022

Pendahuluan: Preeklampsia adalah hipertensi yang terjadi pada ibu hamil dengan usia kehamilan 20 minggu atau setelah persalinan ditandai dengan meningkatnya tekanan darah menjadi 140/90 mmHg. Tujuan: Studi literatur ini dilakukan untuk mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh dengan preeklampsia berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan. Metode: Metode studi literatur telah digunakan, dari 25 jurnal teridentifikasi 17 jurnal yang sesuai. Pencarian artikel melalui database google scholar, repository jurnal dan science direct tahun 2015-2021. Hasil: Telah teridentifikasi 17 artikel yang menyebutkan bahwa faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian preeklampsia adalah umur, paritas, riwayat hipertensi, kehamilan ganda, obesitas, riwayat DM, riwayat preeklamsia, jarak kelahiran, dan riwayat ANC. Kesimpulan: Faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh dengan kejadian preeklampsia adalah umur, paritas, riwayat hipertensi, kehamilan ganda, obesitas, riwayat diabetes mellitus, riwayat preeklampsia, jarak kelahiran, dan riwayat ANC. Saran: Faktor resiko yang telah teridentifikasi ini diharapakan dapat digunakan sebagai dasar untuk menganalisis pencegahan preeklamsia dan menentukan penatalaksanaan yang lebih tepat pada ibu hamil dengan preeklamsia di Indonesia.
HUBUNGAN EFIKASI DIRI DENGAN TINDAKAN PERAWATAN DIRI PASIEN HIPERTENSI
Authors: Sitanggang Yohana Agustina , Iqbal Fadhilah M.
Published: September 2022

Pendahuluan: Penyakit hipertensi merupakan keadaan seseorang mengalami peningkatan tekanan darah di atas normal yang di tunjukkan angka sistolik dan angka diastolik pada pemeriksaan tensi darah. Hipertensi      sebagai “silent killer”, karena sering kali penderita hipertensi bertahun-tahun tanpa merasakan gangguan atau gejala, tanpa disadari penderita bisa mengalami komplikasi pada organ-organ vital seperti jantung, otak maupun ginjal. Efikasi diri atau keyakinan diri individu untuk mendorong proses kontrol diri untuk mempertahankan perilaku yang dibutuhkan dalam mengelola perawatan diri pada pasien hipertensi. Tujuan : Mengetahui hubungan efikasi diri dengan tindakan perawatan diri pada pasien hipertensi di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Kandangan. Metode : Penelitian deskriptif analitik dengan jenis penelitian korelasional. Instrument yang digunakan adalah kuesioner. Subjek penelitian yaitu pasien hipertensi dengan populasi sebanyak 1.013 orang dan jumlah sampel sebanyak 91 orang dengan teknik pengambilan sampel secara purposive sampling. Teknik analisis data menggunakan Spearman’s Rho. Hasil: analisa data didapatkan p = 0,185 yang menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada hubungan antara efikasi diri dengan perawatan diri. Kesimpulan: Mayoritas pasien hipertensi memiliki efikasi diri yang tinggi dan perawatan diri yang baik. Saran : Petugas kesehatan agar mengoptimalkan efikasi diri dan perawatan diri pada pasien hipertensi.
Perilaku Ibu yang Datang ke Posyandu Selama Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Lani Tiara
Published: September 2022

Pendahuluan : Posyandu merupakan kegiatan nyata yang melibatkan partisipasi masyarakat dalam upaya pelayanan kesehatan. Saat kegiatan posyandu berisiko menimbulkan kerumunan, yang memungkinkan terjadinya penyebaran virus covid-19. Kegiatan posyandu selama masa pandemi Covid-19 harus sesuai dengan protokol kesehatan yang berlaku dengan peraturan Pemerintah. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui gambaran perilaku ibu yang datang ke Posyandu  selama masa pandemi Covid-19.
Metode : Penelitian ini menggunakan desain deskriptif, pengambilan sampel dengan teknik purposive sampling. Jumlah populasi 32 orang dan sampel 30 orang.
Hasil : Penelitian  menunjukkan mayoritas responden menyiapkan masker sebelum ke posyandu(66,6%), yang menggunakan masker dengan benar (80,0%), yang mencuci tangan saat datang dan pulang (46,7%), yang menjaga jarak sebanyak (63,3%).
Kesimpulan : Gambaran perilaku  ibu berperilaku baik(56,75). Diharapkan bagi petugas kesehatan puskesmas, kader di Posyandu dan orang tua atau pengantar tetap  harus dan selalu menjalankan protocol kesehatan.
Co-infecciones presentes durante la pandemia por COVID-19: Revisión Sistemática
Authors: Espino Solis Gerardo Pavel , Leyva Aizpuru Ana Paola
Published: September 2022

Se presenta una revisión sistemática sobre los patógenos de mayor prevalencia en los casos reportados de co-infección en pacientes con COVID-19 a nivel internacional. El objetivo de la revisión es reportar la prevalencia de casos de co-infección e identificar a los patógenos que la causan.  A partir de las bases de datos Pubmed, Google Scholar y Scopus se obtuvieron artículos que incluyeran las palabras: “co-infección”, “infección secundaria”, “infección intrahospitalaria”, “COVID-19”, “SARS-CoV-2”, “infección bacteriana”, “infección viral”, e “infección micotica”. Posteriormente se aplicó un filtro para descartar los artículos que no cumplían los criterios de elegibilidad, lo que dio como resultado 32 artículos. A continuación, se clasificaron los casos de co-infeccion según el patógeno causante y el origen: micótico, viral o bacteriano; posteriormente se obtuvo la proporción de casos según la clasificación. Como resultado se muestra que la proporción en la prevalencia de pacientes con co-infección bacteriana fue del 1.64 %, con co-infección vírica fue del 1.00 % y con co-infección fúngica fue del 2.60 %. Aunque estos porcentajes son muy pequeños en comparación con los pacientes que sólo tienen COVID-19, es importante que el personal sanitario lleve un registro de qué patógeno está co-infectando a los pacientes con el objetivo de garantizar un tratamiento y control adecuados.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.54167/tch.v16i2.974
PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT MELALUI MODEL HUGELKULTUR DAN PELATIHAN MANAJEMEN KEUANGAN UNTUK MENUNJANG KETAHANAN PANGAN RUMAH TANGGA
Authors: Mahendra Bayu , Sulaeman Maman , Priambodo Aji
Published: September 2022

Global Food Security Index Tahun 2017, menempatkan Indonesia sebagai negara dengan peringkat ke-69 dari 113 negara di dunia dalam hal ketahanan pangan padahal Indonesia sudah terkenal sebagai negara agraris. Desa Nangkasawit merupakan salah satu dari 13 desa di wilayah Kecamatan Kejobong Kabupaten Purbalingga, Jarak tempuh ke Kabupaten 15 km dan ke Kantor Kecamatan Kejobong 5 km. Kondisi penduduk Desa Nangkasawit mayoritas adalah seorang petani yang bercita-cita menjadi desa mandiri, dalam pemenuhan semua kebutuhan dan sejahtera. Namun kondisi petani di Desa Nagkasawit masih belum maksimal dalam pemanfaatan lahannya. Metode pengabdian ini adalah sosialisasi, pelatihan, dan pendampingan pada 12 petani di Desa Nangkasawit tentang model Hugelkultur untuk menunjang ketahanan pangan. Kegiatan pengabdian ini dilakukan secara tatap muka atau luring dengan tetap mematuhi protokol kesehatan. Pelatihan model huglekultur dan manajemen keuangan dilakukan dengan beberapa tahapan. Pertama, peserta dilatih membuat media tanam dan menuliskan anggaran biaya yang dikeluarkan. Kedua, peserta diajari membuat lahan model hugelkulture dan penyusunan laporan keuangan. Ketiga, peserta dilatih menanam pada lahan model hugelkulture yang benar serta menyusun pengeluaran dan pemasukkan uang, sehingga hasilnya rapi. Respon peserta terhadap pengabdian ini menunjukkan pada aspek materi 95% menilai sangat baik, aspek fasilitator 90% menilai sangat baik, dan selebihnya merespon baik. Hasil pengabdian ini menunjukkan 85% peserta berhasil terampil dalam menanam pada model hugelkulture dan mampu membuat laporan keuangan sederhana
PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT MELALUI APLIKASI HUGELKULTUR UNTUK MENUNJANG KEMANDIRIAN EKONOMI DAN PANGAN RUMAH TANGGA
Authors: Mahendra Bayu , Priambodo Aji , Sulaeman Maman , Suwali Suwali , Djuharyanto Teguh , Barima Hima
Published: September 2022

Desa Nangkasawit merupakan salah satu dari 13 desa di wilayah Kecamatan Kejobong Kabupaten Purbalingga, Jarak tempuh ke Kabupaten 15 km dan ke Kantor Kecamatan Kejobong 5 km. Desa Nangkasawit memiliki wilayah seluas 157.577 Ha yang terdri dari tegalan/lahan kering 73 Ha , pemukiman seluas 75 Ha serta tanah lainnya seluas 2.577 Ha dan berada pada ketinggian 560 m di atas permukaan laut. Pemberdayaan merupakan unsur pertama untuk memperkuat potensi dan daya yang dimiliki, serta membuka akses kepada berbagai peluang yang akan membuat masyarakat menjadi makin berdaya dalam memanfaatkan peluang. pembentukan kelompok usaha wujud dari adanya pembangunan. Agar dapat mencapai ketahanan pangan dalam suatu wilayah maka diperlukan masyarakat yang kuat dalam ilmu pengetahuan, teknologi dan ketrampilan untuk mengelola sumber daya alam disekitarnya. Keberdayaan masyarakat itu sendiri menjadi sumber dari apa yang di dalam wawasan politik disebut sebagai ketahanan nasional. Pengabdian masyarakat yang dilaksanakan oleh team dosen dari Universitas Perwira Purbalingga adalah mengaplikasikan model hugelkultur kepada masyarakat Desa Nangkasawit, Kecamatan Kejobong, Kabupaten Purbalingga, Jawa Tengah.
KAJIAN TEOLOGIS PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT KAMPUNG MARKETER PERSPEKTIF EPISTEMOLOGI
Authors: Sulasih Sulasih , Novandari Weni , Suliyanto Suliyanto
Published: September 2022

Jenis penelitian yang dilakukan adalah penelitian lapangan (field research) dengan menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Adapun metode pengumpulan data meggunakan wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Sedangkan teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik deskriptif kualitatif, yang terdiri dari tiga alur kegiatan yaitu reduksi data, penyajian data dan verifikasi atau penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa pemberdayaan masyarakat melalui Kampung Marketer maliputi input, learning process, output, outcome, dan wirausaha muda mandiri. Dimana warga desa yang masuk ke Kampung Marketer mengikuti proses pembelajaran sebagai customer service, social media admin, dan content writer yang dilakukan selama 1 minggu dan advertiser dilakukan selama 1 bulan. Program pemberdayaan yang berkolaborasi dengan pembisnis online memasarkan produk, dengan mempraktikan keterampilan apa yang sudah diajarkan.  Pemberdayaan masyarakat desa (individu/kelompok) memperoleh keterampilan, pengetahuan, dan kekuasaan yang cukup untuk mempengaruhi kehidupannya dan kehidupan orang lain yang menjadi perhatiannya.Secara teologis pemberdayaan masyarakat konsepsi pemberdayaan dalam Islam adalah bersifat menyeluruh (holistik) menyangkut berbagai aspek dan sendi-sendi dasar kehidupan serta didukung secara epistemologi pemberdayaan mencakup model,proses, tujuan dan strategi pemberdayaan merupakan hakikat yang saling terkait
Action Research-based Online Teaching in Oman: Teachers’ Voices and Perspectives
Authors: Abdalla Salih Abdelrahman , Omar Lamis Ismail
Published: September 2022

The COVID-19-forced switch to online teaching has proven the traditional teaching models and practices unsuitable. Classroom-related issues require teachers to reflect and embrace innovative and practical approaches to cope with the challenges of online teaching. The current study examines the affordances and challenges of action research in online teaching. The study analyzed the responses of (N=31) university teachers in Oman regarding their experience and practice of action research-based online teaching. The study identified several factors that support or hinder action research-driven teaching and teachers’ views on the efficacy of the teaching-research nexus. The study also drew on several implications for research-based effective teaching and teacher professional development.
Nyt bærelag med stor CO2-besparelse
Authors: Grann Andersson Ole
Published: September 2022

I vejsektoren er der stort fokus på at finde mere bæredygtige løsninger med CO2-besparelser og øget cirkulær ressourceøkonomi. Et nyt bærelagsmateriale, BSM (Bitumen Stabiliseret Materiale) er i det væsentlige baseret på genbrugsasfalt og fremstilles med en speciel, uopvarmet proces, hvilket giver nye muligheder for store CO2-besparelser, sammenholdt med traditionelle asfaltbærelag.
Implementing zero emission vessels in ferry operations in Norway
Authors: Nkesah Stephen , Solvoll Gisle
Published: September 2022

Ferry crossing is considered a vital part of the Norwegian road network, both for passenger and freight transport. However, Norway ferry services contributes to 17% of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Varied measures in the transport sector are put in place to achieve Norway’s climate target as committed to in the Paris Agreement. The purpose of this study is to document how the authorities have reduced GHG emissions from the sector through the tendering process for the purchase of domestic ferry services. The study concludes that authorities have used a ”push and pull” strategy to reduce the GHG emissions. We will investigate the economic and environmental effects of this new purchase strategy.
Հայ մշակույթի երախտավորը (ուրվագիծ Գարեգին Լևոնյանի հայագիտական գործունեության)
Authors: Հովհաննիսյան Սուսաննա
Published: September 2022

The beginning of the twentieth century was the “golden age” of the Armenian culture and Armenian studies, and Garegin Levonyan has a special place among the best Armenian scholars of that fruitful era. His contribution to the development of Armenian philology and art criticism is paramount. With his valuable research, he stands at the origins of the formation of Human sciences in Armenia and is one of the founders of this direction in Armenian Studies. His research works cover a variety of fields of Armenian philology, culture and art: Ashug studies, fine arts, aesthetics of the history and theory of literature, the art of printing, Armenian theater and the history of Armenian periodicals. G. Levonyan's scientific interests have always included the artistic works of the classics of Russian and foreign literature. Despite the large scope of G. Levonyan's interests and his outstanding contribution to various fields in Armenian Studies, his main inclination has always been towards the history of the periodical press, as well as Ashug Studies – the areas in which Levonyan created fundamental values. Compiled by Levonyan himself, the chronological summary lists of Armenian periodicals having a history of 140 years, with their completeness and inclusiveness, the perfection of the presentation of bibliographic data, are the best confirmation of his inestimable services to Armenian Studies. G. Levonyan was not only an outstanding scholar of Armenian Studies, but also one who advocated and popularized national culture, literature and art; all his activities were aimed at improving national self-consciousness through the study of culture and art.
Артефакты из раскопок Кармир блура и новая интерпретация урартского термина šišuhani
Authors: Мушегян Альберт
Published: September 2022

In 2021, during the excavations on the territory of Karmir Blur (Red Hill), a huge complex of the Urartian period was discovered by the Armenian and Austrian archaeologists who evidenced it had been the royal stable. In 782 BC the Urartian king Argishti I founded the city of Er(e)buni, the present capital of Armenia Yerevan. And since in his legend he stated that he had built this city in order to subdue the rival countries (i.e., “for horrifying them”), it is ensued that the fortress of the Teisheba (Teshub, the God of war) situated in Karmir Blur, as well as the newly discovered stable had been built by the same belligerent Urartian king Argishti, the son of Menua. My scientific surveys have shown that the discovered construction is not a stable, but in a wider interpretation, it is a “billet (իջևանատուն)for the royal cavalry (այրուձի)” for an overnight lodging and replacing the tired horses with more vigorous ones to continue the incursion, sometimes right before the battle with the enemy. The fact of discovering a stable with the remains of horses fully coincides with my disclosure of the meaning of the Urartian term “šišuhani”, which formerly has been translated by all urartologists with almost a zero meaning, namely – «again». According to the new semantic interpretation, this is a compound word consisting of two roots: “šišu” (= a horse, a mare, a race-horse, a stallion) and “han” (= an inn). My new interpretation is based on an episode from Movses Khorenatsi’s "History of Armenia". The brilliant Armenian historian of the 5th century amazingly preserved for the future descendants not only the word “khan” (inn), but also described the scene of the Armenian king Yervand’s escape (201 BC), during which the latter took advantage of the possibility of replacing horses in a khan. This narrative, proving the existence of the havens for horses in the capital of Armenia, Yervandashat, in the 3rd century BC, fully confirms the meaning and the purpose of the historical constructions discovered in Karmir Blur, moreover, it testifies the unshakable unity of Urartu and Armenia․
علاقة عدد خطوات الركضة التقربية وسرعة الثلاث خطوات الاخيرة باقصى التواء للعصا و الانجاز للقفز بالعصا للاعبي المنتخب العراقي
Authors: مها جمال  , ايمان صبيح
Published: September 2022

فعالية القفز بالعصا واحده من الفعاليات المميزة بألعاب القوى، وهي تتطلب قدرات بدنية وقابليات حركية خاصة والتي تعتمد بشكل فعَال ومؤثر على النواحي البايوميكانيكية سواء أثناء الركضة التقريبية أو مرحلة الأرتقاء وصولاً الى الأنجاز المتحقق.وتبرز أهمية الدراسة من خلال تتبع المسار الحركي للقافز من خلال تحليل بعض المؤشرات البايوميكانيكية لمرحلتي الأقتراب والارتقاء واللتان تعتبران من اهم المراحل الفنية المؤثرة بالانجاز النهائي المتحقق للاعبي القفز بالعصا المنتخب الوطني العراقي.وتمحورت مشكلة الدراسة حول الأبتعاد عن القيم الرقمية بين القافزين العراقيين والقافزين العالميين وأهمال الجانب البايوميكانيكي لأصعب فعالية في فعاليات العاب القوى من خلال عدم أستعمال التحليل الحركي والتعرف على نقاط الضعف بدقة عالية في فعالية سريعة لاتتجاوز زمن المحاولة فيها الثانيتين ونصف الثانية أضافة الى عدم الاهتمام من قبل المدربين بخصائص قيم المؤشرات البايوميكانيكية المؤثرة في بعضها البعض  ليوجهوا تدريباتهم في تطوير أهم المؤشرات بصورة مباشرة دون مضيعة للوقت والجهد.وهدف الدراسة إلى التعرف على أهم المؤشرات البايوميكانيكية الخاصة بمرحلة الاقتراب وهي سرعة الثلاث خطوات الأخيرة وعدد خطوات الركضة التقريبية والعلاقة بين هذين المتغيرين مع أقصى التواء للعصا والإنجاز للاعبي القفز بالعصا المنتخب الوطني العراقي. وأستعملت الباحثتان المنهج الوصفي والعلاقات الأرتباطية في دراستها الحالية لملائمته طبيعة مشكلة الدراسة وتألف مجتمع الدراسة من (6) قافزين يمثلون المنتخب الوطني العراقي تم أخذهم بالطريقة العمدية وأجري الأختبار عليهم في ملعب النجف الدولي وتم أستعمال كامرتي تحليل نوع (CASIO Exilim EX-FH12.5) بسرعة 120 لقطة بالثانية وتم أجراء عملية التحليل الحركي ببرنامجي التحليل Tracker)) و( Kenova ) أذ تم أستعمال برنامج Tracker)) لقياس المسافات والازاحات والأرتفاعات المتحققة وتم أستعمال برنامج(Kenova) لقياس السرعة والتعجيل والأزمان المتحققة لعينة الدراسة وبعد تحليل ومناقشة النتائج توصلت الباحثتان الى وجود علاقة أرتباط قوية جدا بين سرعة الثلاث خطوات الاخيرة مع ‏ أقصى التواء للعصا والإنجاز وعدم وجود علاقة أرتباط بين عدد خطوات الركضة التقربية مع أقصى التواء للعصا ووجود علاقة أرتباط عكسية بين عدد خطوات الركضة التقربية مع الأنجاز وفي ضوء ذلك توصي الباحثتان باجراء دراسات موسعه لهذه الفعالية لتشخيص نقاط الضعف والقوه في الأداء الفني والاهتمام بالجانب البايوميكانيكي من قبل المدربين والتأكيد على سرعة الأداء
Acessibilidade ao Emprego e Produtividade na Região Metropolitana de São Paulo
Authors: Batista Duarte Leandro , Diniz Barros Andrews Augusto
Published: September 2022

A hipótese do mismatch espacial entre trabalhadores e oportunidades de trabalho identifica vários mecanismos através dos quais o acesso físico restrito aos empregos pode resultar em resultados insatisfatórios no mercado de trabalho. Dessa forma, este estudo tem como objetivo analisar a relação entre acessibilidade ao emprego e salários no mercado de trabalho da Região Metropolitana de São Paulo. Como existem problemas de endogeneidade entre a localização residencial e a mensuração de oportunidades de trabalho, o estudo fez uso de uma subamostra (jovens adultos que moram com os pais) como forma de amenizar os problemas de endogeneidade. O artigo utilizou dois bancos de dados: o Censo e a RAIS. Os principais resultados encontrados mostram que há uma relação entre duas medidas diferentes de acessibilidade aos empregos e salários, ou seja, o aumento do acesso físico ao CBD e subcentros aumenta a produtividade do trabalhador na RMSP.
The Management of Student Moral Development in the Learning Process at Ihya' Ulumuddin Islamic Boarding School, Masbagik, East Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia
Authors: Sobry M.
Published: September 2022

The purpose of this study is to describe the management of students' moral development in the learning process at Ihya' Ulumuddin Islamic Boarding School, Masbagik, East Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. This research uses a qualitative approach, with the type of case study. The subjects in this study were students and Islamic boarding school administrators. Data were collected using observation, interview and documentation techniques. The results showed that in the planning stage, Ihya' Ulumuddin Islamic boarding school from the beginning carried out strict moral development of students by requiring students to stay at the boarding school (not allowed to go home) without exception. In the actuating stage, the moral development of students is carried out by making classical moral books as a mandatory reference, such as Kitab Ta'lim Muta'alim, Kitab Akhlaq Lilbanin and Kitab Adab covering 50 manners in 50 situations. The controling stage of the students' moral development is enforced by giving sanctions in the event of an offence starting with a verbal warning to physical punishment that does not intend to hurt. The evaluation stage is carried out with three methods: direct supervision by all boarding school residents (ustadz and students), formal examinations, and the involvement of parents during school holidays. The moral development of students can be done by implementing a typical Islamic boarding school-based moral development management. This article demonstrates the uniqueness of Islamic boarding school-based moral development management that combines modern learning methods without having to abandon its classical salafy characteristics.
TOWARDS AN UNDERSTANDING OF GÜLEN’S METHODOLOGY
Authors: Leaman Oliver
Published: September 2022

There is an apparent paradox at the heart of the Gülen approach. On the one hand there is a determination to present a version of Islam that is rational, inclusive, progressive and toler- ant. The broad aim is to show Islam to be a universal faith, one that has no difficulties in coexisting with other religions and indeed with those who have no religion at all. On the other hand, Islam is definitely portrayed as the superior form of belief, often because it is seen as incorporating in the best possible ways rational and spiritual virtues present in many other approaches to understanding the nature of the world. Yet how can Islam be represented as one among many and also as the first among many? This interesting feature of the Gülen methodology is shown to rest on a basic aspect of the Hanifi/Murji’i theological approach, which can also be seen as paradoxical. The inability to define precisely the nature of belief and who is a believer suggests an uncertainty about what the Muslim actually believes in. It also implies a difficulty in identifying who is a Muslim and who is not, and that might be regarded as a basic issue in religion. The lack of definition in the Hanafiyya is precisely its strength. This is something taken up well by the Gülen movement. Religious boundaries are often blurred, and believers may wish to hold onto a variety of beliefs not all of which fit neatly into a particular traditional faith. In prioritising Islam the Gülen movement expresses clearly its opinion that within the parameters of Islam is likely to be found the most truth and the best regimen as to how to live. Yet those parameters are not themselves strictly defined and allow for much change and development. When considering the thought of Gülen it is important to try to classify the sort of approach that he adopts in his writings and speeches. What methodology is he using? This is a question that can be raised about any significant thinker. We need to know how they shape their mate- rial, and as we shall see, what sort of audience they design their material for. It is not easy to classify Gülen’s thought, in just the same way that his mentor Bediüzzaman Nursi is also difficult to place in a neat category of intellectual life. It is the purpose of this discussion to at least start the process of developing a model of how to understand Gülen, since his work is deceptively simple and direct. It will be shown that despite its attractive and apparently unsophisticated flavour, it embodies a complex hermeneutic, and a very interesting one at that.
SOCIAL AND SPIRITUAL CAPITAL OF THE GÜLEN MOVEMENT
Authors: Kucukcan Talip
Published: September 2022

This paper examines the Gülen movement from the perspective of social and spiritual capital theory. It argues that, in an increasingly globalised world, this movement has been distin- guished by its consistent ability to convert its social network and spiritual capital into crea- tive projects that contribute positively to the transformation of Islamic thought and practice in many different settings and socio-political contexts. In the past, traditional spiritual and religious movements remained largely indifferent to the new forms of transformative agency such as civil society organisations, the media, modern educational establishments, corpora- tions and global networking. Social capital theory is derived from the idea that social net- works have both importance and power as civil actors in modern democratic societies. The Gülen movement was able to adapt to the modern conditions and successfully turned its spiritual, intellectual and human resources into effective social capital. Three areas of that adaptive success are examined: education (establishment of institutions from primary school to university level, attracting students of diverse backgrounds); the media (a wide range of products in print and audio-visual communication, from a mass circulation daily to TV and radio channels); and civil society organisations (foundations and associations to promote democratic participation and dialogue among various sections of the society). The paper con- cludes that the Gülen movement has built up a huge social capital and turns it into a number of transformative agents informed by Islamic spirituality.
THE PLACE OF THE GÜLEN MOVEMENT IN THE INTELLECTUAL HISTORY OF ISLAM, PARTICULARLY IN RELATION TO ISLAM’S CONFRONTATION WITH POSTMODERNISM
Authors: Eldridge Bruce
Published: September 2022

The world is changing at an unprecedented rate. Established religions are struggling to come to terms with societies that are increasingly secular and sceptical about the certainties of the past. They are struggling to come to terms with the new modes and speeds of communication and the moods and ideas that can now be spread so fast. How Islam will eventually respond to the post-modern world is still to be determined. Some want nothing to do with that world, others understand the need to take the opportunities and rise to the challenges. Fethullah Gülen is one of the latter. This paper places the Gülen movement and Fethullah Gülen himself in particular, within the context of Islam’s confrontation with modernity and post-modernity. It demonstrates Gülen’s awareness of Islam’s intellectual legacy and the extent to which he utilises the methodolo- gies of earlier scholars. Gülen interprets Islam’s foundational texts in a way that picks out their relevance to today’s world. He is unafraid to engage with other philosophies and faith communities. The schools established by his followers have developed curricula designed to produce the next generation of leaders. Gülen envisions a world where people are deeply grounded in a moral and ethical tradition, where humility and service are highly valued and where reason, science and technology are fully utilised for the benefit of all. This paper shows that when confronted by the uncertainties and relativities of postmodernism, Gülen has located a middle way able to sustain itself in a globalised, postmodern world while re- maining true to its Islamic heritage.
IN DEFENCE OF UNIVERSAL ETHICAL VALUES AND PRINCIPLES
Authors: Paya Ali
Published: September 2022

In the past few decades a new approach to ethical principles known as ‘particularism’ has become fashionable among moral philosophers. According to the particularist the progress in the field of ethics, is from monism (the view that there is only one moral principle), through pluralism (the view that there are many), to particularism (the view that there are none). Jonathan Dancy advocates a radical particularist theory: arguing against a variety of univer- salist–pluralist doctrines, he maintains that there are no moral principles; and, even if there are, our ethical decisions are highly context-dependent, made case by case, without the sup- port of such principles. In this paper, drawing on a number of theoretical concepts used in science as well as the philosophy of science, and making use of Fethullah Gülen’s insights, I try to develop a mod- erate universalist–pluralist model in defence of universal ethical values and principles. This model, I argue, is less vulnerable to Dancy’s criticisms and better equipped, in comparison to Dancy’s own model, to deal with particular moral cases. While particularism in ethics leads to relativism and leaves moral agents with no clear guidelines, the model developed here could serve all moral agents, regardless of credal or cultural association and socio-political outlook, in making sound and commendable moral judgements.
The Effect of Four-Square Writing Method on Writing Anxiety of Learners of Turkish as a Foreign Language: A Mixed Method Study
Authors: İPEK Ozan , KARABUĞA Hüseyin
Published: September 2022

The study aims to examine the effect of the Four Square Writing Method (FSWM) on the writing anxiety of the learners of Turkish as a foreign language at the B2 level. The mixed-methods sequential explanatory design was applied, and 50 students at the B2 proficiency level who studied at the Turkish Teaching Practice and Research Center (BAİBU TÖMER) at Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal University in the 2020-2021 academic year were selected through the purposeful sampling. The quantitative data were obtained with a weak experimental design consisting of a pre-test and a post-test, while the qualitative data consisted of interviews with the participants. As data collection instruments, the Writing Anxiety Scale (WAS) developed by Şen and Boylu (2017) and the Semi-Structured Interview Form designed by the researchers were used. Quantitative data were analyzed by hypothesis testing, whereas qualitative data were scrutinized using content analysis. The quantitative data showed that the FSWM had a statistically significant effect on the writing anxiety of the learners of Turkish as a foreign language. On the other hand, the qualitative findings were categorized into two main themes: “writing skills” and “affectivity.” The writing skills category included 13 codes and 72 views; “general, transition, and linking expressions, developing strategies, developing thinking skills, learning vocabulary, enhancing writing style, planning in writing, graphic organizer, drafting, collaborative writing, organization, writing quality, and generating ideas. The affectivity category consisted of 5 codes and 31 views, including relaxation, enjoyment, motivation, increased self-confidence, and dislike. The findings determined that the FSWM played a role in positively affecting writing anxiety, contributing to the development of writing skills, promoting participants’ psychological comfort, allowing them to have a fun time, gaining self-confidence, and motivating them to write. Lastly, the study detailed the aspects where the qualitative findings supported the quantitative results contributing to the interpretation of the data.
Economic Implications of Environmentally Smart System of Rice Intensification in Nigeria
Authors: Oladejo Ajibola Mujidah
Published: September 2022

Rice is a staple food in almost all parts of the world, especially Africa and Asia, as a rich source of carbohydrate. However, rice cultivation contributes greatly to climate change through the emission of greenhouse gases involved in soil and plant management, fertiliser application as well as water management practices.

While the environmental benefits of environmentally smart rice farming practices in Nigeria have been established, the same has not been for the economic implications of environmentally smart rice farming.

Prior to this study, there was inadequate information on the profit margins in different rice production systems in Nigeria. The research aimed at understanding and evaluating the method that gives a higher profit margin while having lesser environmental impact.

The study’s primary sources of information require two distinct research methodologies and as such, two major types of data collection methods; qualitative and quantitative as suitable for participatory action research viz: questionnaire, focus group discussion, participant observation and key informant interview.

The research findings demonstrate that the environmentally-smart system of rice intensification is more profitable than the conventional method.
Performance Analysis of Current Multi-Objective Metaheuristic Optimization Algorithms for Unconstrained Problems
Authors: ERÖZ Eyüp , TANYILDIZI Erkan
Published: September 2022

Multi-objective optimization is a method used to produce suitable solutions for problems with more than one Objective. Various multi-objective optimization algorithms have been developed to apply this method to problems. In multi-objective optimization algorithms, the pareto optimal method is used to find the appropriate solution set over the problems. In the Pareto optimal method, the Pareto optimal set, which consists of the solutions reached by the multi-objective optimization, includes all the best solutions of the problems in certain intervals. For this reason, the Pareto optimal method is a very effective method to find the closest value to the optimum. In this study, the Multi-Objective Golden Sine Algorithm we developed (MOGoldSA), the recently published Multi-Objective Artificial Hummingbird Algorithm (MOAHA), and the Non-Dominant Sequencing Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA-II), which has an important place among the multi-objective optimization algorithms in the literature, are discussed. In order to see the performance of the algorithms on unconstrained comparison functions and engineering problems, performance comparisons were made on performance metrics
Implementatie van de Mobiliteitsrichtlijn
Authors: Stroeve A.C. , Appels M.A.C.
Published: September 2022

Implementatie van de Mobiliteitsrichtlijn. Een Europese regeling voor grensoverschrijdende verrichtingen

Uiterlijk op 31 januari 2023 dient de Europese Richtlijn inzake grensoverschrijdende omzettingen, fusies en splitsingen in Nederland te zijn geïmplementeerd. Hiertoe is eerder dit jaar een wetsvoorstel gepubliceerd en ter consultatie aangeboden. Dit wetsvoorstel creëert een regelgevend kader voor grensoverschrijdende omzettingen en splitsingen en wijzigt procedures voor grensoverschrijdende fusies. Hiermee wordt voorzien in de behoefte van de praktijk aan grensoverschrijdende mobiliteit bij internationale ondernemingen.
Het Voorontwerp van de Wet implementatie richtlijn grensoverschrijdende omzettingen, fusies en splitsingen onderzocht
Authors: Koster H.
Published: September 2022

Het Voorontwerp van de Wet implementatie richtlijn grensoverschrijdende omzettingen, fusies en splitsingen onderzocht

In dit artikel bespreekt en analyseert de auteur drie deelonderwerpen van het Voorontwerp van de Wet implementatie richtlijn grensoverschrijdende omzettingen, fusies en splitsingen. Hij gaat in op het toepassingsbereik van de voorgestelde regeling en de bescherming van schuldeisers en minderheidsaandeelhouders.
The Monitoring of Carbon Dioxide and Nitrogen Dioxide in the Air in Durres, Albania
Authors: Liti A , Cara O
Published: September 2022

The major sources of indoor carbon dioxide are people, kerosene and gas space heaters, tobacco smoke, and outside air. Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is a ubiquitous atmospheric pollutant due to the widespread prevalence of both natural and anthropogenic sources, and it can be a respiratory irritant when inhaled at elevated concentrations. Carbon dioxide (CO2) and NO2 may pose direct risks to human health. The study shows that in Durres the values of CO2 in the air are between 350 to 1000 ppm. So we can say that the level of CO2 in Durres is high, but it is normal for cities with high circulation. So it is not considered a big problem for air pollution. On the contrary, the study shows that the NO2 values in Durres are at an average value higher than both Albanian and EU standards.
A Study on Two-stage Selection Model of Tourism Destination at the Scale of Urban Agglomerations
Authors: Gao Jianjie , Wang Yongli , Zhou Junchao
Published: September 2022

Considering that the demand of tourism destination is variable on the scale of urban agglomeration, the selection process of travel destination is divided into two stages. The traditional transportation combination model based on the multinomial Logit cannot reflect this characteristic. And it is the lack of consideration of the influence of travel distribution and the dynamic transfer of passenger flow between various transport routes. Therefore, this thesis established a combination model of travel demand distribution and transportation assignment with two-stage terminal selection characteristics based on the nested Logit. Based on the analysis of tourists' trip process on the scale of urban agglomeration, a tourist flow transport network with travel destination nest structure is constructed. The generalized cost impedance function of transportation route is constructed based on the direct cost of transportation mode and the indirect cost of travel time. Based on the characteristics of two-stage destination selection of tourists, the form of travel distribution function of tourist flow is given. Through the first-order optimization conditions, it proved that the volume of travel distribution and tourism passenger transport assignment can meet the two-stage equilibrium conditions in the equilibrium state. Based on the idea of MSA algorithm, it designed the solution algorithm of the model and verified the feasibility of the model and algorithm in a simplified example. The calculation results show that the two-stage equilibrium assignment model proposed in this paper can obtain the volume of travel distribution and transportation assignment at the same time, meanwhile compared with the multinomial logit model, the nested Logit structure fully considers the attraction measure of the city destination and the scenic spot destination, which is more in line with the choice behavior of the tourists when choosing the transportation route. Thus, it provides a new comparable method for the optimal allocation of tourism passenger flow transport network resources on the scale of urban agglomeration, and can provide data support for the transportation organization plans of government decision-making departments and tourism transport enterprises.
Building Resilience through Quality-Assured Online Courses: the COTE Programme
Authors: Ferreira-Meyers Karen
Published: September 2022

The poster will give an overview of the quality-assurance steps undertaken in the design and development of a certificate programme entitled Online Teaching for Educators offered by the Institute of Distance Education of the University of Eswatini (Eswatini, Southern Africa). The focus is on capacity and resilience building as the Covid-19 pandemic made it clear that staff members in various education sectors were struggling to make the transition from face-to-face and blended learning to fully online learning. I will discuss the steps undertaken to continue developing teaching staff’s knowledge, skills and attitudes while facing adversity. A detailed list with possible advantages and disadvantages of those steps and actions will show that what has worked best is a combination of online activities (courses, webinars, meetings) together with small face-to-face interactions for some participants. The paper concludes by proposing a model for continued staff development (based in part on work done by Ceesay, 2021 and Mino, 2020). While the staff development activities discussed here are firmly rooted in a Swazi context, the lessons learned are useful to universities and other organisations beyond the borders of Eswatini, beyond the region too.
Technical Analysis of Learning Management Systems Towards Improving System Functionality
Authors: Onwodi Gregory , Ibrahim Fatima
Published: September 2022

This is the era of online e-Learning solutions. Also, this had been highlighted with the new standard of "work/learn from home," a change brought upon us by the worldwide pandemic of COVID-19. However, there are no good explanations and detailed studies of most of the modern Learning management systems (LMS) platforms. This research proposes an analysis of the LMS systems and functionality of the LMS frameworks. The criteria for analysis of the LMS platforms in this Research are summarized in three categories: Learning skills tools, Communication tools, and Productivity tools. The main goal is to present a wide-range comparative analysis of ten electronic learning management systems. The lack of communication support leads to using web forums and social networks out of the LMS. This research provides an overview of the platforms, namely: "Moodle", "Black board”, “Canvas”, "iSpring Learn" etc. The research considered the advantages and disadvantages of each service, compared the platforms by a number of characteristics, namely: usability, mobility of the system, the presence of the built-in editor of the course, the availability of video conferencing, the availability of core functionality, additional functionality, support of various kinds of file extensions, the flexibility of the system, the availability of mobile applications, costs when using the platform, accessibility, and user-friendliness. These aspects are the main ones when choosing a platform, as they are key when using online learning services. The comparison is made based on literature reviews, analysis and interviews on the characteristics of the selected LMS providers. This research also provides some recommendations on the selection of the platforms to be adopted. The results of this study give readers information to make their own decisions when choosing an LMS platform based on the needs of their institution, organization, or business.
Triple Response Model as a Learning Facilitator Among Young Women in Technical Training Institutions from Marginalized Communities of Kenya
Authors: Njue Teresa , Muthomi Nathaniel
Published: September 2022

Globally, female students from marginalized areas experience multiple disadvantages. In Kenya, the marginalized communities are synonymous with arid and semi-arid areas that continue to experience education disparities. Culture, the education and training systems, and the learning mode are among the other barriers that continue to disenfranchise women and girls in the education space. Towards ensuring women are proportionately benefiting from the education and training opportunities, Masai Technical Training Institute (MTTI) tested some tools of learning with students mainly from the Maasai and Swahili communities that have been marginalized for long. We employed an innovative Triple Response Model (TRM) of skills development encompassing flexible learning technologies, multimedia content and psychosocial support. This model benefited regular girls and girls with disabilities. Partly attributed to this intervention, MTTI has realized an increased number of trainees with disabilities by 40 percent improved retention and completion rates of female students during the COVID-19 reopening of institutions. This paper, documents the TRM as a learning solution in marginalized communities with the potential of scaling beyond Kenya. Practical steps on development and implementation in different setups within learning systems will be provided. Key lessons will be recommended to learning institutions, governments and development partners for remodeling and replication.
PENGARUH PUPUK BOKASHI KOTORAN SAPI TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI PADI SAWAH PADA ULTISOL PUOSU JAYA KECAMATAN KONDA, KONAWE SELATAN
Authors: TUFAILA MUH , YUSRINA YUSRINA , ALAM SYAMSU
Published: September 2022

This study aimed to determine the effect of the use of bokashi fertilizer on Rice productivity in Ultisol Puosu Jaya, Konda district, South Konawe, conducted on April to September 2013.  The study was arranged in randomized block design (RBD) with a single factor pattern, consisted of eight bokashi fertilizer treatments with three replications, namely: without bokashi fertilizer (K0), dose of  5 tons ha-1 (K1), dose of 7.5 tons ha-1 (K2), dose of 10 tons ha-1 (K3), dose of 12.5 tons ha-1 (K4), dose of 15 tons ha-1 (K5), dose of 17.5 tons ha-1 (K6) and dose of 20 tons ha-1 (K7), so that there were twenty four experimental units.  Observed variables included the growth and production of plants, soil analysis before and after treatment as well as the analysis of the quality of the fertilizer used.  Data were analyzed using analysis of variance followed by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test. The result showed that the use of compost at Ultisol dose of 12.5 tons ha-1 (K4) gave the best effect on the growth and production of rice in Ultisol Puosu Jaya, Konda district, South Konawe. However, the effect of this treatment did not significantly different with the effect of dossages of 5 and 7.5 tons ha-1 with reached resultof 7.6 and 8.4 tons ha-1, respectively.Keywords : bokashi, rice, Ultisol.
ON THE LIMITS TO THE INDEPENDENCE OF THE NATIONAL ENERGY REGULATOR
Authors:   Economic Research Institute аt BAS, Dimitrova Anna
Published: September 2022

The article analyses the risks to the independence of regulators as a fundamental element in the liberalization of energy markets in the European Union in the light of the capture theory. Issues related to the normative aspects and current case law determining the parameters and guarantees for the independence of the regulatory authorities are studied. These are examined in the context of the current electricity price crisis and the national measures taken to address these challenges in relation to the regulated segment. Recommendations are formulated to align with good practice and with the current requirements related to the independence of the national energy regulator.
DEVELOPMENTS, OPPORTUNITIES AND THREATS OF THE ONE BELT, ONE ROAD INITIATIVE
Authors:   MT&M College, Kirova Antoaneta
Published: September 2022

The One Belt, One Road Initiative (OBOR/BRI) is a global programme to finance transport (rail and highway) and energy infrastructure, mainly in Central Asian countries, in the form of cash loans provided on unfavourable (market) terms compared to financing from donors in Western Europe (including the EU) or from development banks. The present study is an attempt to summarize the achievements and problems in the implementation of this initiative. The aim is to show the possible opportunities for Bulgaria to join the BRI given the complex political-economic global environment, marked by the difficulties in overcoming the Kovid-19 pandemic and the consequences of the war between Russia and Ukraine. Our main interest is focused on the inclusion of the territory of our country in the launched international transport corridors and the possibility of their continuation within this initiative.