bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
From ‘Pen Sao’ to ‘Tue Pa’: Understanding diverse pathways to adolescent pregnancy in Lao People’s Democratic Republic through qualitative investigation with girls in Vientiane Capital, Vientiane Province, and Luang Namtha
Authors: Habito Marie , Hennegan Julie , Rasphone Kiaosamphan , Phanthachith Saysamone , Sihanath Toulavan , Akiyama Maki , Azzopardi Peter S. , Kennedy Elissa , Kosaikanont Romyen
Published: February 2024

Adolescent birth rates in Lao People’s Democratic Republic (PDR) remain the highest in Southeast Asia. There is growing recognition that adolescent pregnancy in Lao PDR is occurring within and outside marriage, but there is a lack of robust qualitative evidence to understand girls’ pathways to adolescent pregnancy and contributing factors, especially outside of union (cohabitation or marriage). This study aimed to improve understanding of pathways to adolescent pregnancy in Lao PDR among girls who experienced pregnancy at age 18 or below. We conducted participatory timeline interviews with 57 girls from urban, peri-urban, and rural communities in Vientiane Capital, Vientiane Province, and Luang Namtha, and follow-up interviews with a subset of 20 girls. We identified six pathways to pregnancy, including pathways outside (n = 23) and within union (n = 34). Outside-union pathways diverged according to the nature of sex preceding pregnancy (consensual/pressured, or forced), and pregnancy intention (unplanned, partner-led, or planned). Within-union pathways diverged according to the nature of the relationship before union (romantic or no romantic relationship/arranged union), who initiated the union (couple/girl, parent/partner, or pressured), and pregnancy intention. Factors contributing to girls’ pregnancy included barriers to sexual and reproductive health (SRH) information and services; partner’s control over reproductive decision-making; male sexual entitlement and alcohol use driving pressured/forced sex; cultural acceptance of child marriage and early union; and attitudes and norms regarding sex and pregnancy outside of union. Our findings support strengthening comprehensive sexuality education, including a focus on addressing myths about contraception, building girls’ and boys’ communication skills, engaging in respectful relationships, and addressing harmful gender norms. Our findings also highlight the need to improve girls’ access to adolescent-responsive SRH services, address harmful substance use, challenge sociocultural barriers to young people accessing SRH information and services, and respond to sociocultural and financial drivers of child marriage/early union that contribute to adolescent pregnancy.
Dental complexity and diet in amniotes: A meta-analysis
Authors: DeMers Anessa C. , Hunter John P.
Published: February 2024

Tooth morphology is among the most well-studied indicators of ecology. For decades, researchers have examined the gross morphology and wear patterns of teeth as indicators of diet, and recent advances in scanning and computer analysis have allowed the development of new and more quantitative measures of tooth morphology. One of the most popular of these new methods is orientation patch count (OPC). OPC, a measure of surface complexity, was originally developed to distinguish the more complex tooth crowns of herbivores from the less complex tooth crowns of faunivores. OPC and a similar method derived from it, orientation patch count rotated (OPCR), have become commonplace in analyses of both modern and fossil amniote dietary ecology. The widespread use of these techniques makes it possible to now re-assess the utility of OPC and OPCR. Here, we undertake a comprehensive review of OPC(R) and diet and perform a meta-analysis to determine the overall difference in complexity between herbivores and faunivores. We find that the relationship between faunivore and herbivore OPC or OPCR values differs substantially across studies, and although some support the initial assessment of greater complexity in herbivores, others do not. Our meta-analysis does not support an overall pattern of greater complexity in herbivores than faunivores across terrestrial amniotes. It appears that the relationship of OPC or OPCR to diet is taxon-specific and dependent on the type of faunivory of the group in question, with insectivores often having values similar to herbivores. We suggest extreme caution in comparing OPC and OPCR values across studies and offer suggestions for how OPCR can constructively be used in future research.
Self-report assessment of Positive Appraisal Style (PAS): Development of a process-focused and a content-focused questionnaire for use in mental health and resilience research
Authors: Petri-Romão Papoula , Engen Haakon , Rupanova Anna , Puhlmann Lara , Zerban Matthias , Neumann Rebecca J. , Malyshau Aliaksandr , Ahrens Kira F. , Schick Anita , Kollmann Bianca , Wessa Michèle , Walker Henrik , Plichta Michael M. , Reif Andreas , Chmitorz Andrea , Tuescher Oliver , Basten Ulrike , Kalisch Raffael
Published: February 2024

Positive Appraisal Style Theory of Resilience posits that a person’s general style of evaluating stressors plays a central role in mental health and resilience. Specifically, a tendency to appraise stressors positively (positive appraisal style; PAS) is theorized to be protective of mental health and thus a key resilience factor. To this date no measures of PAS exist. Here, we present two scales that measure perceived positive appraisal style, one focusing on cognitive processes that lead to positive appraisals in stressful situations (PASS-process), and the other focusing on the appraisal contents (PASS-content). For PASS-process, the items of the existing questionnaires Brief COPE and CERQ-short were analyzed in exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses (EFA, CFA) in independent samples (N = 1157 and N = 1704). The resulting 10-item questionnaire was internally consistent (α = .78, 95% CI [.86, .87]) and showed good convergent and discriminant validity in comparisons with self-report measures of trait optimism, neuroticism, urgency, and spontaneity. For PASS-content, a newly generated item pool of 29 items across stressor appraisal content dimensions (probability, magnitude, and coping potential) were subjected to EFA and CFA in two independent samples (N = 1174 and N = 1611). The resulting 14-item scale showed good internal consistency (α = .87, 95% CI [.86, .87]), as well as good convergent and discriminant validity within the nomological network. The two scales are a new and reliable way to assess self-perceived positive appraisal style in large-scale studies, which could offer key insights into mechanisms of resilience.
Say farewell to bland regression reporting: Three forest plot variations for visualizing linear models
Authors: Fries Jonathan , Oberleiter Sandra , Pietschnig Jakob
Published: February 2024

Regression ranks among the most popular statistical analysis methods across many research areas, including psychology. Typically, regression coefficients are displayed in tables. While this mode of presentation is information-dense, extensive tables can be cumbersome to read and difficult to interpret. Here, we introduce three novel visualizations for reporting regression results. Our methods allow researchers to arrange large numbers of regression models in a single plot. Using regression results from real-world as well as simulated data, we demonstrate the transformations which are necessary to produce the required data structure and how to subsequently plot the results. The proposed methods provide visually appealing ways to report regression results efficiently and intuitively. Potential applications range from visual screening in the model selection stage to formal reporting in research papers. The procedure is fully reproducible using the provided code and can be executed via free-of-charge, open-source software routines in R.
Characteristics of alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency related lung disease exacerbations using a daily symptom diary and urinary biomarkers
Authors: Ellis Paul , Parekh Gita , Duvoix Annelyse , Watson Lynne , Sharp Alex , Mobeen Farah , Pye Anita , Stockley Robert , Turner Alice
Published: February 2024

Background

Pulmonary exacerbations in alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) related lung disease are a significant contributor to disease burden, as with usual COPD. Separating the early stages of an exacerbation from the day-to-day variation in stable COPD is central to the concerns of both clinicians and patients and has been identified as a research priority by NIHR. Clinical tools that distinguish baseline symptoms from those of an exacerbation could allow early and appropriate treatment of AECOPD to reduce the impact and potentially may slow disease progression thereby improving survival and quality of life. Candidate tools include symptom diaries and biomarkers of infection and acute inflammation. Urinary biomarkers of AECOPD have yet to be explored in AATD related COPD.

Methods

55 patients with AATD related lung disease with a history of 2 or more AECOPD in the preceding year were prospectively followed for 18 months. Each patient recorded symptom scores daily via an electronic symptom diary (eDiary) based on Bronkotest. Urinary biomarkers for AAT, NE, CRP, TIMP1 and desmosine were measured weekly using a home urinary lateral flow device. During self-reported AECOPD patients were asked to perform urine analysis on the first 7 consecutive days.

Results

Type I Anthonisen exacerbations and episodes occurring in autumn/winter lasted longer than Type II/III exacerbations and spring/summer episodes respectively. Median urinary CRP concentration across all study participants increased during Type I AECOPD. eDiary adherence was 68% over a median of 17.8 months (IQR 15.7 to 18.5).

Conclusions

Use of an eDiary and urinary biomarkers to detect and characterise AECOPD remotely in AATD related lung disease is feasible over a prolonged period and paves the way for precision detection of exacerbations.
Evaluating the effects of lymphoedema management strategies on functional status and health-related quality of life following treatment for head and neck cancer: Protocol for a systematic review
Authors: Mullan Lauren J. , Blackburn Nicole E. , Lorimer Jill , Semple Cherith J.
Published: February 2024

Introduction/Background

Patients living with and after head and neck cancer often experience treatment-related consequences. Head and neck lymphoedema can be described as a common chronic side effect of head and neck cancer and recognised as a contributing factor to impairment of functional status, symptom burden and health-related quality of life. The effects of head and neck lymphoedema can limit patients’ involvement in daily activities and alter their appearance, increasing symptom burden and negatively affecting health-related quality of life.

Objective

The protocol outlines the rationale and aims for the systematic review. The main aim of the systematic review is to identify and systematically synthesise the literature on the effectiveness of head and neck lymphoedema management strategies, on both function status and health-related quality of life for head and neck cancer patients.

Methods and analysis

This protocol will be conducted according to the PRISMA-P guidelines. Electronic databases will be systematically searched using MEDLINE via Ovid and PubMed, CINAHL, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and Scopus. Inclusion criteria will involve intervention studies for head and neck lymphoedema management, English language, and adult human participants following head and neck cancer. The software Covidence will be used to export, manage, and screen results. Risk of bias and quality will be assessed in included studies using the Cochrane Handbook of Systematic Reviews of Intervention risk of bias and GRADE tools. A meta-analysis will be performed if there are sufficient homogenous studies. Alternatively, a narrative synthesis will be completed on study findings.

Ethics and dissemination

No ethical approval is required as the study does not involve patient and public involvement. The findings of the review will be disseminated in conferences and submitted for approval to be published in a peer-reviewed journal.

Prospero registration number

CRD42022378417. (S1 Appendix).
MTIE-Net: Multi-technology fusion of low-light image enhancement network
Authors: Tao Jing , Wu Hao , Ni Zhihao , Jin Zhongyang , Zhong Changhua
Published: February 2024

Images obtained in low-light scenes are often accompanied by problems such as low visibility, blurred details, and color distortion, enhancing them can effectively improve the visual effect and provide favorable conditions for advanced visual tasks. In this study, we propose a Multi-Technology Fusion of Low-light Image Enhancement Network (MTIE-Net) that modularizes the enhancement task. MTIE-Net consists of a residual dense decomposition network (RDD-Net) based on Retinex theory, an encoder-decoder denoising network (EDD-Net), and a parallel mixed attention-based self-calibrated illumination enhancement network (PCE-Net). The low-light image is first decomposed by RDD-Net into a lighting map and reflectance map; EDD-Net is used to process noise in the reflectance map; Finally, the lighting map is fused with the denoised reflectance map as an input to PCE-Net, using the Fourier transform for illumination enhancement and detail recovery in the frequency domain. Numerous experimental results show that MTIE-Net outperforms the comparison methods in terms of image visual quality enhancement improvement, denoising, and detail recovery. The application in nighttime face detection also fully demonstrates its promise as a pre-processing means in practical applications.
Medina, P. (2022). Estos ensayos no tienen principio ni fin. Textos para perder la orilla sobre la obra de Jorge Eduardo Eielson. Ediciones MYL
Authors: López Pari Carlos Rubens
Published: February 2024

Reseña del libro: Medina, P. (2022). Estos ensayos no tienen principio ni fin. Textos para perder la orilla sobre laobra de Jorge Eduardo Eielson. Ediciones MYL. 1, 167 pp., ISBN: 978-612-5013-23-1.
Viajes y genealogías: "Poste restante" (2001) de Cynthia Rimsky y "Tela de sevoya" (2012) de Myriam Moscona
Authors: Perilli Carmen Noem
Published: February 2024

Los relatos Tela de sevoya de Myriam Moscona (México) y Poste restante de Cynthia Rimsky (Chile) trabajan la diáspora judía. Se interrogan, desde posiciones transnacionales, acerca de identidades polémicas. Sus viajes son regresos en nombre de otros, padres y abuelos. Nos encontramos con una narrativa errante preocupada por una restitución simbólica, atravesada por cuestiones éticas y políticas acerca de las alteridades. Trazan nuevas líneas entre el dentro y el fuera de los territorios, retornando sobre migraciones en una narrativa preocupada por la restitución. Me interesa la lectura de las memorias culturales de los migrantes y las distancias y rupturas entre territorios y lenguajes. La cuestión de las genealogías se aleja de concepciones esencialistas y el origen puede verse como una fuente de relatos. Los fragmentos forman un archivo lleno de agujeros donde imágenes y palabras son tan importantes como los silencios.
Rutas, tiempos y espacios de los personajes cirqueros. "El último faro" (2020) y "La burladora de Toledo" (2008) de Angelina Muñiz-Huberman
Authors: Carrillo Espinosa Maria
Published: February 2024

Las rutas de los personajes cirqueros de Angelina Muñiz-Huberman se extienden hacia tiempos y espacios improbables que unen el pasado con el presente y el continente europeo con el americano. Viajeros incansables por España, Francia, Cuba y México, estos cirqueros, magos y alquimistas, cuestionan las normas de cada lugar visitado al punto de poner en entredicho medidas que inquebrantables como lo son las dimensiones del tiempo y el espacio. Por este motivo y con la finalidad de profundizar en las rutas de las escritoras judías en Hispanoamérica, este estudio ofrece un acercamiento a los itinerarios, los tiempos y los espacios de la vida circense en la obra muñiciana, en especial en los libros La burladora de Toledo (2008) y El último faro (2020). Si bien el circo es un tema menor en el amplio mundo literario de esta escritora perteneciente a la segunda generación del exilio republicano en México y representante de las voces del judaísmo en Hispanoamérica, se trata de un aspecto relevante en la medida que conecta los grandes temas que caracterizan su obra tales como el exilio, el judaísmo, el humorismo y la ruptura de los cánones estéticos.
Guía de Buenas Prácticas de Codocencia
Authors: Custodio-Espinar Magdalena
Published: February 2024

Esta guía de buenas prácticas constituye la base para la extensión progresiva de la práctica de la docencia colaborativa en la educación superior. La guía pretende ofrecer diversos modelos de enseñanza basados en esta metodología a otras titulaciones, facultades y contextos, con el objetivo de ofrecer experiencias de codocencia contrastadas que permiten realizar las siguientes mejoras en la labor docente: (1) reducción de redundancias temáticas y competenciales, (2) mejora de la calidad docente y (3) mejora de la experiencia y del aprendizaje del estudiante. Dichas mejoras repercuten directamente en las dinámicas de coordinación docente, propician el desarrollo de nuevas metodologías de enseñanza y aprendizaje que, a su vez, promueven buenas prácticas docentes y favorecen la inclusión de estrategias docentes interdisciplinares.
Functional Capacity of Geriatric Patients Hospitalized in Neurology Departments and their Physical and Clinimetric Determinants
Authors: Pawłowski Piotr , Fornal Aleksandra , Kościołek Aneta , Ziętara Karoliona , Fryze Magdalena , Przylepa Katarzyna
Published: February 2024

Introduction. The functional capacity of patients hospitalized in neurological wards is determined by multifactorial factors. Accompanying illnesses, independent mobility, and the patient’s mental, social, and spiritual state are just a few variables that affect functional performance.

Aim. To analyze the relationship between the results of physical examination elements on the functional capacity of patients hospitalized in Lublin’s neurological wards.

Material and Methods. The study was based on quantitative (diagnostic survey) as well as qualitative (individual focus interview) methods. The research tools were the Barthel Scale, the ADL Scale (Katz), and the author’s interview questionnaire. During the study, a subject examination of each respondent was also conducted according to a standardized scheme. Statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS Statistica and Microsoft Excel 2020 software.

Results. Patients hospitalized in neurology departments, unable to cope with activities of daily living are characterized by moderately severe disability. Circulatory and respiratory parameters, as well as accompanying neurological symptoms, do not affect the functional capacity of patients. Pain complaints, the intensity of pain and localization impinge on the extent of functional capacity.

Conclusions. Functional fitness depends on the intensity of pain and its location. The Barthel Scale and the ADL Scale correlate with the level of functional capacity, especially in terms of mobility. (JNNN 2023;12(3):120–126)
Clinical, Radiological, and Histopathological Characteristics of a Patient with a Pituitary Tumor of the Corticotrophinoma Type — Case Report
Authors: Krzentowska Anna , Gołkowski Filip , Czepko Ryszard
Published: February 2024

Introduction. Cushing disease is a rare but severe endocrine disorder. It is caused by a pituitary tumor producing excessive amounts of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) which is subsequently responsible for excessive production of cortisol in the adrenal glands. Hypercortisolism manifests with many symptoms and disorders that affect numerous organs.

Aim. To increase knowledge among nursing staff about the symptoms, causes, and treatment of patients with Cushing disease.

Case Report. A 40-year-old patient with a history of infertility treatment was admitted to the Clinical Department of Neurosurgery of St. Raphael Hospital in Krakow due to a pituitary tumor. For 7 years the patient had been experiencing symptoms such as weight gain, excessive tiredness, and menstrual disorders. The MRI examination of the pituitary showed a tumor in the sella turcica with dimensions of 4.5×5.5×4.5 mm. The histopathological examination revealed corticotropic pituitary adenoma (positive for ACTH). The patient underwent surgery after which symptoms of hypercortisolism decreased and menstruation returned. The patient became pregnant and gave birth to a child.

Discussion. A proper diagnosis in this patient’s case could protect her from development of many complications related to other organs, such as diabetes mellitus or hypertension.

Conclusions. Cushing disease remains in some cases undiagnosed for many years. The patient is being referred to various specialists (ophthalmologist, gynecologist, rheumatologist) due to symptoms that are in fact complications of hypercortisolism. The case illustrates the importance of early recognition of the main symptoms of hypercortisolism. Such clinical skill would undeniably help to refer the patient to the appropriate specialist, i.e., an endocrinologist much earlier, and thus establish the correct diagnosis and implement appropriate treatment. (JNNN 2023;12(3):134–139)
DETERMING AND ANALYSING PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS OF HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTROTECHNICAL SYSTEMS BASED ON A SERIES RESONANT LC-CIRCUIT WITH A HIGH Q-FACTOR
Authors:   Institute of Electrodynamics National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Beresteiskyi Ave., 56, Kyiv, 03057, Ukraine, Shcherba A.A. , Podoltsev O.D. ,   Institute of Electrodynamics National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Beresteiskyi Ave., 56, Kyiv, 03057, Ukraine, Suprunovska N.І. ,   Institute of Electrodynamics National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Beresteiskyi Ave., 56, Kyiv, 03057, Ukraine, Vinnychenko D.V. ,   Institute of Electrodynamics National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Beresteiskyi Ave., 56, Kyiv, 03057, Ukraine
Published: February 2024

The paper analyzes the performance characteristics of the electrоtechnical system (ETS), built on the basis of a series high-Q resonant LC circuit and intended for diagnosing the isolation of high-voltage equipment. The frequency dependences of the parameters L and C elements of the resonant circuit were experimentally studied and it was shown that for both elements there is an optimal frequency at which the value of the element’s Q- factor reaches its maximum value. It was established that the Q-factor of the investigated circuit is determined mainly by the Q-factor of its inductance and reaches the maximum value QLC,max = 280 at the frequency f= 40 kHz. The Simulink model was developed for the analysis of the performance characteristics of the ETS in steady state. Graphical dependences are given, which allow to determine the level of voltage on the load for a given active resistance of this load, as well as the energy characteristics and the value of the efficiency of the ETS at the stage of its design. A Simulink model has also been developed to analyze the dynamic characteristics of the ETS when a breakdown of the diagnosed insulation occurs. It is shown that the breakdown of the insulation in the ETS, which has a series high-Q resonant circuit, will cause a rapid decrease in current by Q times, and not an increase in current to emergency values, as in an ETS based on high-voltage transformers. In this way, a fast-acting parametric stabilization of the output current is implemented in the ETS even in case of electrical breakdowns of the high-voltage insulation of the power equipment under diagnosis. Thus, the ETS implements high-speed parametric stabilization of the output current, which prevents the destruction of both the ETS and the diagnosed high-voltage insulation of power equipment even during its electrical breakdown. References 11, figures 9.
DESIGN OF CASCADED VOLTAGE CONTROL SYSTEMS OF BIDIRECTIONAL DC-DC BUCK-BOOST CONVERTERS
Authors:   National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”, Beresteiskyi Ave., 37, Kyiv, 03056, Ukraine, Peresada S.M. , Nikonenko Y.O. ,   National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”, Beresteiskyi Ave., 37, Kyiv, 03056, Ukraine, Kovbasa S.M. ,   National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”, Beresteiskyi Ave., 37, Kyiv, 03056, Ukraine, Kuznietsov A. ,   Technische Hochschule Mittelhessen, Wilhelm-Leuschner-Straße 13 D, 61169, Friedberg, Germany, Lukianchikov A.L. ,   National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”, Beresteiskyi Ave., 37, Kyiv, 03056, Ukraine
Published: February 2024

The paper deals with the design and analysis of cascaded DC-link voltage control systems for bidirectional buck-boost DC-DC converters. Its model is significantly nonlinear and non-minimum-phase, which makes it impossible to achieve high dynamic quality indicators using standard methods of linear control theory. A new method for design and analysis of DC-DC converters control systems based on partial feedback linearization and the subsequent application of linear PI voltage and current controllers is proposed. It provides that the resulting model is composed of the feedback inter-connected linear asymptotically stable subsystems with bilinear properties. The resulting system is linearized in the vicinity of the trajectories corresponding to the power balance equation. Such form allows to apply the theory of cas-caded systems with two time-scale separation of the control loops dynamics. It not only ensures system stability but also allows to specify the process quality indicators using methods available to control engineers. References 14, figures 9.
MODELS OF THE OPTIMAL INTERACTION OF DG SOURCES AND THE ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEMS WITHIN MICROGRIDS
Authors:   National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”, Beresteiskyi Ave., 37, Kyiv, 03056, Ukraine, Derevianko D.Н. , Swirski K. ,   Institute of Heat Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Nowowiejska 21/25, 00-665, Warsaw, Poland
Published: February 2024

The Problems of integration of DG and RES, as well as energy storage systems (ESS) in the Microgrid systems are investigated in this paper. It is proposed to consider Microgrid models of systems with different types of DG and RES (DER) within the framework of the SGAM architecture, and to distinguish three types of DG and ESS: " Non controllable DER (T1)", "Controllable DER (T2)" and "DER with storage systems (T3)" with further division into subtypes. This method makes it possible to display the multifaceted interaction of systems with DER and ESS within the framework of Microgrid systems. On the basis of the proposed mechanism, the formulation of the problem of optimal interaction of DG sources and ESS within the boundaries of Microgrid systems within the framework of game theory is formalized. An optimization procedure is proposed within the framework of a formalized game, which is based on mechanisms of dynamic pricing and allows to find the most optimal solutions for the game task. References 13, figures 8, table 1.
Granice kreatywności. Dyskurs dotyczący postaci typu mary sue w amatorskiej twórczości literackiej a reguły funkcjonowania społeczności fanowskich
Authors:   Uniwersytet Kazimierza Wielkiego w Bydgoszczy, Siuda Piotr , Jankowiak Daria ,   Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika w Toruniu, Krawczyk Stanisław ,   Uniwersytet Warszawski
Published: February 2024

Some participants of popular culture do not confine themselves to a one-time contact with a favorite book or movie. Instead, they return to fictional worlds, creating literary texts based on original works and sharing these texts with other followers of the same popproducts. A number of these fan-made pieces contain idealized characters whose mentalities tend to be very similar to the personalities of their creators. Such characters, who are known under the name of Mary Sue, frequently become an object of harsh criticism on the readers’ part. The paper presents various forms of so strong a negative reaction and describes its possible causes, basing on the analysis of a discourse created by the users of Mirriel Literary Forum (a message board which attracts people who are interested in amateurs’ literary pieces). The main goal of the paper is to demonstrate how the information obtained in discourse analysis may shed new light on the rules which govern the lives of all kinds of fan communities – most importantly, the rule of staying faithful to the object of one’s passion, that is, to the worlds created by professional authors. Apart from that, the paper demonstrates a concise discussion of the strong and weak points of the method employed.
Regionalne obserwatorium kultury w województwie podlaskim – uwarunkowania i planowane kierunki rozwoju
Authors:   Uniwersytet w Białymstoku, Sztop-Rutkowska Katarzyna , Klimczuk Andrzej ,   Szkoła Główna Handlowa w Warszawie
Published: February 2024

At the beginning of the XXI century, there are significant changes in relations of work and leisure time. The development of creative economy is also recognized along with emergence of a new social stratification and changes in developmental factors. Increasingly important in the socio-economic transformation is cultural sector as well as promotion of culture and creative industries development including their linkages with dependent sectors such as tourism, architecture and industrial design. The aim of this article is to refer these processes and phenomena to the conditions of Podlaskie Voivodship and to discuss the main reasons of Regional Observatory of Culture establishment. Article indicates the need for and potential benefits of knowledge management on culture at the regional level by conducting theoretical and methodological work within the observatory. Essay based on an analysis of existing data and own research results highlights the main features of the region, information needs of cultural and art institutions, culture observatory possible models, potential activity areas of the regional observatory and the arising benefits from its activities.
A revolução agrícola no Brasil: singularidade do desenvolvimento do capitalismo na agricultura brasileira, 1850-1930
Authors: GONTIJO CLÁUDIO
Published: February 2024

RESUMO Este artigo mostra que a lógica universal do capitalismo pode ser identificada na singularidade da mudança agrícola no Brasil durante o período inicial da industrialização (1889-1930), por meio da mediação de um padrão particular de transformação agrícola baseado no latifúndio. O desenvolvimento da agricultura foi marcado pelo processo de gradual transformação das grandes propriedades (lafifúndios) em modernas empresas capitalistas, de forma que o padrão brasileiro não poderia ser baseado em pequenas propriedades camponesas. Como resultado, o desenvolvimento das relações capitalistas de produção e das forças produtivas permaneceu fraco e limitado à indústria, enquanto a maioria da população não conseguiu melhorar suas condições de vida precárias.
Crescimento e desigualdade: uma resenha crítica
Authors: LOCATELLI RONALDO LAMOUNIER
Published: February 2024

RESUMO Esta nota revisa a produção em torno da desigualdade e dos níveis de renda, procurando entender se há evidências teóricas e empíricas suficientes para estabelecer tal conexão.
Disciplina financeira versus desenvolvimento econômico: será que o Plano Baker acaba com o conflito?
Authors: DEVLIN ROBERT
Published: February 2024

RESUMO Após a divulgação do plano de James Baker de reestruturação da dívida externa de países selecionados, esta nota revisa o histórico de renegociação de dívidas entre países latino-americanos e bancos transnacionais. Também trata de como um plano de estabilização pode ser harmônico com o crescimento econômico.
Subconjunto terminológico da CIPE® para prevenção de quedas em idosos na atenção primária
Authors: Santos Paulo Henrique Fernandes dos , Stival Marina Morato , Lima Luciano Ramos de , Volpe Cris Renata Grou , Funghetto Silvana Schwerz
Published: February 2024

RESUMO Objetivo: Construir e validar um subconjunto terminológico da CIPE® para a prevenção de quedas em idosos no contexto da atenção primária à saúde, à luz da Teoria do Déficit do Autocuidado. Método: Estudo metodológico desenvolvido conforme recomendações do ICN e do método brasileiro para construção de subconjuntos terminológicos, em duas etapas: 1) construção de enunciados de diagnósticos, resultados e intervenções de enfermagem da CIPE®; 2) validação de conteúdo dos enunciados por enfermeiros especialistas. Resultados: Foram construídos 182 diagnósticos/resultados e 321 intervenções de enfermagem, os quais foram submetidos a validação de conteúdo por 28 especialistas, sendo validados com Índice de Validade de Conteúdo ≥ 0,80. Após a validação, os enunciados foram organizados conforme os requisitos de autocuidado e a maioria dos diagnósticos/resultados (51,6%) e das intervenções (52,7%) foi classificada nos requisitos de desvio de saúde. Conclusão: Foi possível construir e validar um subconjunto terminológico da CIPE® com predomínio de enunciados relacionados aos requisitos de desvio de saúde, destacando-se por ser o primeiro subconjunto terminológico para a prevenção de quedas em idosos no contexto da atenção primária.
NURSES' PERFORMANCE IN CONGENITAL SYPHILIS PREVENTION AND DISCUSSION SPACES
Authors: Oliveira Daniela Rosa de , Santos Evangelia Kotzias Atherino dos , Backes Marli Terezinha Stein , Delziovo Carmem Regina , Aued Gisele Knop , Santos Davydson Gouveia , Kalivala Kalende das Misérias de Menezes
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT Objective: to know the possibilities for nurses' discussion and performance spaces in the quadrilateral of training in the health area: teaching, care, management and social control in the prevention of congenital syphilis. Method: a qualitative and exploratory-descriptive research study, theoretically supported by public health policies. The data were collected in July 2020 through nine online focus groups with a total of 42 nurses from 18 municipalities in the mountainous region of the state of Santa Catarina, Brazil. For data systematization, thematic content analysis was used with the support of the Atlas.ti software, version 8.0. Results: nurses' performance occurred especially during direct assistance to patients, when performing rapid tests, monitoring prenatal care and following-up cases of the disease. Discussions about congenital syphilis took place in care spaces. As for the quadrilateral, the nurses related health care to direct assistance and to management of the work organization process in relation to the prevention of congenital syphilis, in addition to pointing out weaknesses in education and social control. They suggested training managers about the quadrilateral. Conclusion: the nurses acted in the prevention of congenital syphilis through direct assistance, making it necessary to expand actions to combat syphilis, especially by increasing the discussion spaces and the elaboration of strategies that involve professionals, managers, researchers and the community in an articulated way about the reality of syphilis in the state, as well as about prevention and treatment means.
A ATUAÇÃO DO ENFERMEIRO NA PREVENÇÃO DA SÍFILIS CONGÊNITA E OS ESPAÇOS DE DISCUSSÃO
Authors: Oliveira Daniela Rosa de , Santos Evangelia Kotzias Atherino dos , Backes Marli Terezinha Stein , Delziovo Carmem Regina , Aued Gisele Knop , Santos Davydson Gouveia , Kalivala Kalende das Misérias de Menezes
Published: February 2024

RESUMO Objetivo: conhecer as possibilidades de espaços de discussão e de atuação do enfermeiro no quadrilátero da formação na área da saúde: ensino, atenção, gestão e controle social na prevenção da sífilis congênita. Método: pesquisa qualitativa, exploratório-descritiva, sustentada teoricamente pelas políticas públicas de saúde. Os dados foram coletados em julho de 2020, por meio de nove grupos focais on-line, com um total de 42 enfermeiros de 18 municípios da região serrana do estado de Santa Catarina, Brasil. Para a sistematização dos dados, utilizou-se a análise de conteúdo temática com o apoio do software Atlas.ti na versão 8.0. Resultados: a atuação dos enfermeiros ocorreu, sobretudo, durante a assistência direta às pacientes, ao realizar testes rápidos, acompanhar o pré-natal e monitorar os casos da doença. As discussões sobre a sífilis congênita ocorreram nos espaços assistenciais. Quanto ao quadrilátero, os enfermeiros relacionaram a atenção à saúde com a própria assistência direta, a gestão do processo de organização do trabalho em relação à prevenção da sífilis congênita, e apontaram fragilidades na educação e no controle social. Sugeriram capacitar gestores acerca do quadrilátero. Conclusão: os enfermeiros atuaram na prevenção da sífilis congênita por meio da assistência direta, sendo necessário ampliar ações para combater a sífilis, sobretudo por meio do aumento dos espaços de discussão e da elaboração de estratégias que envolvam profissionais, gestores, pesquisadores e a comunidade de forma articulada sobre a realidade da sífilis no estado, bem como sobre as formas de prevenção e o tratamento.
NATURAL SELECTION IN THE THEORY OF SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE (on the example ot European philosophy)
Authors:   Bishkek State University named after K.Karasaev, Baysubanov Uchkun
Published: February 2024

The article highlights the theses of famous representatives of postpositivism P. Feyerabend, T. Kuhn and K. Popper. K. Popper is the founder of the philosophical concept of critical rationalism, is considered one of the founders of evolutionary epistemology, in his opinion the process of origin, formation and updating of scientific theories passes by trial and error. In nature, the same method is used by living organisms in the process of adaptation. Clearly, its success depends enormously on the number and variety of trials: the more we try, the more likely it is that one of them will succeed. He noted that the specifically human capacity to know, like the capacity to produce scientific knowledge, is the result of natural selection. The evolution of scientific knowledge is basically an evolution toward the construction of better and better theories.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE PRACTICE OF IMPLEMENTING INTERNATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS TREATIES IN THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN AND THE KYRGYZ REPUBLIC
Authors:   Maqsut Narikbayev University, Jagypparova Aiym , Tegizbekova Zhyldyz ,   Ala-Too International University
Published: February 2024

One of the main sources of international law is international treaties. According to Article 6 of the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties, each state has the legal capacity to conclude treaties. On 31 March 1993, the Resolution of the Supreme Council of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Accession of the Republic of Kazakhstan to the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties of 1969" was adopted. Thus, international treaties are also valid law in the Republic of Kazakhstan. Despite this fact, often the acts of international bodies on the protection of human rights remain unimplemented. In the article the authors conduct a comparative analysis of the practice of implementation of international human rights treaties in the Republic of Kazakhstan and the Kyrgyz Republic. This article provides a comparative analysis of the practice of implementing international human rights treaties in the Republic of Kazakhstan and the Kyrgyz Republic. Consideration by international bodies of applications of applicants for the protection of rights and freedoms takes years. However, the right to appeal to international bodies is possible only after the exhaustion of domestic remedies for the protection of human rights, which is also a lengthy procedure.
EXPERT SYSTEM FOR HEAT ENGINEERING CALCULATION ENCLOSING STRUCTURES
Authors:   Kyrgyz State Technical University named after I.Razzakov, Supibekova Altynay
Published: February 2024

The article discusses an expert system allows for the calculation of heat transfer through enclosing structures, taking into account parameters such as the thermal conductivity of materials, the thickness and surface area of the structure, indoor and outdoor temperatures, and other factors that influence heat exchange. To operate, the system uses a knowledge base that contains information about material properties, thermal exchange laws, principles of thermal insulation calculation, and other relevant thermal engineering factors. The system may also employ inference rules that allow for logical deductions to be made based on the knowledge contained in the base.
ANALYSIS OF EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMS FOR PROFESSIONAL DE- VELOPMENT OF TEACHERS FOR COMPLIANCE WITH ICT COMPETENCE QUALIFICATION REQUIREMENTS
Authors:   Kyrgyz State Technical University named after I.Razzakov, Sartov Tashtanbay
Published: February 2024

This article addresses the issues of developing software and designing professional development courses for teachers in the field of their ICT competencies. It highlights the importance of enhancing teachers' potential in organizing distance learning as a response to the challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic. The article presents the results of an analysis of professional development programs related to ICT competencies for teachers within the framework of the requirements set by "ICT CFT. UNESCO Recommendations". The professional development courses are tentatively divided into three groups, with a cross- subject module "Computerization of the Educational Process" being identified as the most widely studied module by teachers, regardless of their subject. The author suggests revising the content of this module to align it with the UNESCO Recommendations, while increasing the allocated hours for this module. A methodology for determining the list and content of professional development courses related to teachers' ICT competencies is also presented.
Calculation of centrality in the analysis of congestion of city roads on the example of Petrozavodsk
Authors: Никитина Наталия Николаевна , Nikitina Natalia , Ивашко Евгений Евгеньевич , Ivashko Evgeny
Published: February 2024

Centrality is a numerical measure that characterizes the structural properties of a graph. In the presented work, centrality is used to analyze the load of the graph of urban roads in the city of Petrozavodsk. In the paper, we describe the method used to construct the road graph, present a modified centrality measure that takes into account the features of the transport network and the distribution of passenger traffic, and demonstrate the results of numerical simulations. For the transport graph, betweenness centralities were calculated with and without regard to the distribution of passenger traffic; a connectivity analysis was carried out to identify critical, overloaded and reserve roads, and the routes that make the greatest contribution to the centrality of the most loaded roads. The obtained results show that centrality can be used for the analysis of the structural features of the graph of urban roads, modeling sustainability and planning the development of the transport network.
A model of a two-level hierarchical system with cooperative behavior of lower-level elements
Authors: Горелов Михаил Александрович , Gorelov Mikhail
Published: February 2024

One of the possible generalizations to the case of many persons of the classical hierarchical Germeier game is investigated. It is assumed that the lower level players choose one of the weakly efficient points. The maximal guaranteed result of the top-level player is calculated. Two variants of formulation of the problems are considered: games with and ithoutfeedback.
Interrogating the evolution of a constitutionally-legitimised 'Big Man' political culture and its influence on political participation by Kenyan youth
Authors: Bwire Buluma
Published: February 2024

This article critically analyses the evolution ofKenya's constitutionally-legitimised 'Big Man' political culture and its influence on youth political participation. The core thesis of the article is that Kenya's constitutionally-legitimised 'Big Man' political culture restricts youth political participation, beyond voting, while making them susceptible to manipulation by politicians. In exploring this thesis, the article's guiding research question is: Beyond voting, how has the Kenyan government enhanced or restricted direct youth political participation as a right provided for under article 25 of International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) and subsequently domesticated under the Kenyan Constitution? The modes of political participation examined in this context are forming a political party and running for public office. Contextually, the article interrogates the political regimes of Kenyatta, Moi, Kibaki and Uhuru and their use of constitutional amendments to crystallise power in the executive for critical analysis of the evolution of Kenya's 'Big Man' political culture pertaining to youth political participation. It then applies the lessons learned from past and current regimes to inform recommendations on how the state can facilitate the Kenyan youth to enjoy the right of political participation fully, effectively and equally as provided for under article 25 of ICCPR as domesticated under the Kenyan Constitution.
Public participation as an essential requirement of the environmental rule of law: Reflections on South Africa's approach in policy and practice
Authors: Hall Jenny , Lukey Peter J
Published: February 2024

The need for public participation to be embedded in environmental governance has for several decades been accepted in international law. There are many reasons for this, including the fact that public participation facilitates better informed and credible decisions that affect the environment and the people who live in it. However, while acceptance of the need for public participation is widespread, approaches to giving effect to it in practice lie on a spectrum. At one end of the spectrum lie 'weak' methods that arguably pay lip service to the principle rather than providing opportunities for meaningful engagement and change. On the other lie 'strong' methods that embrace the full underlying ethos of public participation and provide real potential for those often marginalised from the core of power to influence outcomes and secure environmentally-just decisions. South Africa's approach provides an opportunity to examine both ends of the public participation spectrum. Post-democracy its approach has moved from a limited, exclusive and mechanistic one to an approach that in environmental policy and legislation in many ways exemplifies the upper rungs of Arnstein's well-known ladder of public participation. Nevertheless, a survey of judgments emphasises that legislative efforts aimed at ensuring 'strong' participation methods can become diluted where officials do not consistently embrace the full value and intended purpose of public participation in their decisions. In such instances the courts can play a valuable role in steering practice back to the intended path.