bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Unsichere Zeichen. : Zum Verhältnis von Sprach-, Bild- und Körperzeichen in Clemens Meyers Roman ,,Als wir träumten“
Authors: Thielsen Jill
Published: January 2021

Abstract Der Beitrag zeigt anhand des Debüts Clemens Meyers Als wir träumten, inwiefern die binäre Unterscheidungssemantik der Narratologie von ,zuverlässig‘ vs. ,unzuverlässig‘ durch das Motiv des Erinnerns unterlaufen
wird und wie die eigentliche Unzuverlässigkeit des Erzählers auf einer indirekt selbstreferentiellen Ebene anzusiedeln ist, die den prekären Verweischarakter unterschiedlicher Zeichenarten problematisiert.The paper shows that Clemens Meyer’s debut Als wir träumten
undermines the narratological binary code of ,reliable‘ vs. ,unreliable‘ by the subject of failing memory. Rather, an actual unreliability of the narrator is based on an implicit self-referential level that exposes the referential problems of the different types of
signs.
,,Vom Realismus zur Wahrheit.“ Zum Stellenwert der Moosbrugger-Passagen in Robert Musils Roman Der Mann ohne Eigenschaften
Authors: Scholvin Nikolaus
Published: January 2021

In einem im Jahre 1926 geführten Gespräch mit Oskar Maurus Fontana äußert sich Robert Musil, befragt über den Roman, an dem er gerade arbeite: ,,Die reale Erklärung des realen Geschehens interessiert mich nicht. Mein Gedächtnis ist schlecht. Die Tatsachen
sind überdies immer vertauschbar. Mich interessiert das geistig Typische, ich möchte geradezu sagen: das Gespenstische des Geschehens.“1
Immunität und Gesellschaft. Juli Zehs Corpus Delicti
Authors: Steinmayr Markus
Published: January 2021

Ausgehend von den Modellierungen einer transformierten Gesundheitspolitik in der Gegenwart soll im Folgenden eine alternative Lektüre zu Juli Zehs 2009 erschienenem Roman Corpus Delicti vorgeschlagen werden. Im Anschluss an schon vorgelegte Überlegungen soll gezeigt
werden, dass neben den bisher erarbeiteten Elementen des Textes (Biopolitik, Dystopie, Liberalismuskritik, Überwachungsdiktatur) der Bezug auf bestimmte Vorstellungen des Sozialen und des scheinbar Nicht-Sozialen der Natur, wie sie im Begriff der Immunität und seines Gegenteils,
der Infektion, deutlich werden, für Zehs Text aufschlussreich ist. Er profiliert sich als ein interpretierender Beitrag zum Verständnis unserer Gegenwart im Rahmen des kulturökologischen Paradigmas. Im Mittelpunkt von Zehs Text steht das ,,Spannungsverhältnis“1
zwischen einer vermeintlichen natürlichen Freiheit des Einzelnen, das im Text als Recht auf Krankheit und damit als Recht auf die Natur des Menschen ausbuchstabiert wird, und einem Staatswesen, das im Text jedwede Verwirklichung von Freiheit verhindert bzw. bestraft und Recht auf die
Natur des Menschen verweigert.
Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy: A Review
Authors: Hidin Muja , Yasir Teuku  , Dzaky.A.N
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACT

Kidney is an important organ to maintain hemodynamic stability inside the human body. In patient with acute kidney injury (AKI) there was a decreased kidney function that could interfere hemodynamic stability which can lead to multi organ failure even death. Around 5-10% patients with AKI required renal replacement therapy (RRT) to support their decreased renal function. Continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) is one of RRT modality that commonly used for patients with AKI who are hemodynamically unstable or in critically ill conditions.

CRRT could divided into 4 mode, slow continuous ultrafiltration (SCUF), continuous veno-venous hemofiltration (CVVH), continuous veno-venous hemodialysis (CVVHD) and continuous veno-venous hemodialfiltration (CVVHDF). CRRT used based on renal and nonrenal indication. Several studies are still trying to prove nonrenal indication of RRT, to ascertain whether CRRT could be used as therapy effectively. Therefore the indication, the mechanism and the comparison of renal replacement therapy are very important to be understood.
Total Placenta Previa with High-risk MAP and Transverse Lie Fetal Position
Authors: Wijaya Teddy
Published: January 2021

Placenta accreta is one of the emergency conditions and has resulted in increased mortality and morbidity of pregnant women due to the massive obstetric hemorrhage. Placenta accreta can lead to secondary complications including coagulopathy, multisystem organ failure, acute respiratory distress syndrome, need for repeat surgery, and death. Assessment by anesthesia should be carried out as early as possible before surgery to reduce or even eliminate morbidity and mortality. In this report, we present the case of a patient with total placenta previa and high-risk MAP score with a transverse lie fetal position. The various anesthetic treatments and transfusion strategies are discussed with a multidisciplinary approach to delivery.
DISTANT RESULTS OF STAGE-BY-STAGE PARATHYROIDECTOMY
Authors: Pamputis S. N. , Patrunov Y. N. , Lopatnicova Е. N. , Pamputis D. S.
Published: January 2021

Removal of the altered parathyroid gland is the only radical method of treating primary hyperparathyreosis. Distant results of application of low-invasive parathyroidectomy under ultrasound-guided using percutaneоus laser ablation. The aim of the study was to assess the long-term results of the use of ultrasound-guided percutaneous laser ablation in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism based on the results of the main laboratory indicators. This technique implies stage-by-stage removal of the parathyroid gland in outpatientpoliclinic conditions. The study included 22 patients with primary hyperparathyroidism. All patients underwent pre-operative topical diagnosis using ultrasound method and fine-needle aspiration biopsy with hormonal examination in aspiration material and laboratory diagnosis in pre and post-operative period with study of parathyroid hormone and ionized calcium levels.
In 86%, the main laboratory indicators, having decreased to reference values 1 month after the operation, remained at the same level and after 5 years. In 14%, persistence and recurrence of the disease were revealed. The carried-out analysis of results of laboratory diagnostics confirms long-term, long decrease in the key laboratory indicators. The detected effectiveness (in 86%) in the distant period allows to speak about viability of this variant of parathyroidectomy and possibility of its application as radical treatment in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism.
A prerequisite for obtaining the desired result is patient selection and parathyroidectomy performed by a specially trained surgeon and ultrasonic diagnostic doctor.
Pengaruh Green Perceived Value terhadap Repurchase Intention dengan Kepuasan Konsumen sebagai Intervening
Authors: Susanti Dewi Noor
Published: January 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh green perceived value terhadap repurchase intention melalui kepuasan konsumen. Responden yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah masyarakat kebumen dengan sampel yang diambil sebanyak 100. Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan tehnik convenience sampling. Data di olah menggunakan bantuan software SPSS seri 24 dan dianalisis dengan analisis jalur. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa variebel green perceived value mampu memberikan pengaruh yang positif terhadap kepuasan konsumen dan repurchase intention konsumen pada produk hijau. Kepuasan konsumen juga terbukti sebagai prediktor yang terkuat dari repurchase intention konsumen pada produk hijau.
DDT and DDE determination in green turtle (Chelonia mydas) and hawksbill turtle (Eretmochelys imbricata) eggs in the coast of Yucatán, México.
Authors: Cuevas E. , Maldonado A. , Cobos V.
Published: January 2021

Evidence exists linking organochlorines to adverse biologic effects, like mating disfunctions and inmunosupression. The pesticide DDT is an organochlorine used in Mexico for combating malaria. In October 4th 2000, eight unviable green turtle and hawksbill turtle eggs were collected in El Cuyo and Celestún, Yucatán, México, respectively,and they were analyzed, using gas chromatography, to detect quantifiable organochlorine concentrations. DDE residual were not detected in any of the sea turtle eggs. Only two green turtle eggs had quantifiable DDT concentrations (0.059 ppm and 0.0550 ppm), both of which were considered lower in comparison to other studies, even though threshold limits of organochlorine concentrations for reptiles have not been established. These low concentrations should not be expected to bring immediate consequences and their chronic effects would be minimal. However, it is necessary to make more in depth studies to determine the potential ecological impact of these concentrations in this area.
Philosophycal analysis of systematic lists and their publication as scientific reports
Authors: Siqueiros Beltrones D. , De La Cruz Agüero J.
Published: January 2021

The position that rejects or underestimates the publication of systematic lists is contended,showing it as symptomatic of the segregation between scientific research and its philosophy. It isrecommended that whenever these type of situations arise the philosophical principles of scientific research be called upon. Thereof, a philosophical analysis is made on what a systematic list is and should be in terms of a scientific report. Positivism is invoked as the corner-stone for justifying the work on taxonomicinventories. However, we mainly appeal to the philosophical basis of the scientific method which may or may not be obeyed when producing a systematic list, thus determining whether if depicts a scientific report or not. On the basis of pragmatism their applied value on sustainable use of biodiversity, and biogeographical studies is supported. In this sense we analyze systematic lists as scientific products of Taxonomy, and their impact on the biodiversity crisis. A systematic list that is the product of a scientific study situated within the scope (marine, terrestrial, botanical, zoological, etc.) freely determined by the editorial committee should be evaluated under the same criterion. The editorial policies that assess them should be elaborated under the same basis. The publication of results of any scientific study are part of scientific methodology, and all scientific reports, including systematic lists abide by the philosophy of scientific investigation and should be judged on the same basis.
First record of Fritillaria venusta Lohmann, 1896 (Tunicata: Appendicularia) in south Brazil bight (23°s - 28° 40's)
Authors: Gurgel Campos M.  A. , Vega-Pérez L. A.
Published: January 2021

Fritillaria venusta Lohmann, 1896 was collected in South Brazil Bight in summer, autumn and spring 1976 and summer 1993 for the first time. This species occurred in 13 of 269 sampling stations, from 68 m to 200 m in depth and water temperatures between 13 °C and 26 °C. Seasonal out of size variations of F. venusta were observed, being adults significantly larger in summer 1993.
Recycling of residual liquids from the conversion of calcium alginate to alginic acid during alginate production process.
Authors: Rodrí­guez-Montesinos Y. E. , Hernández-Carmona G. , Arvizu-Higuera D. L.
Published: January 2021

The effect of recycling the residual acid solution from the conversion of calcium alginate to alginic acid from the alga Macrocystis pyrifera was studied. The residual liquid was recycled using a countercurrent system; it was possible to treat three batches of calcium alginate with the same amount of water, with an effective conversion into alginic acid, saving 56% of fresh water. An in line recycling system was experimented (without water replacement). This system is not recommended, because the large increase of calcium in the alginate after the second recycling, produces a very high apparent viscosity. Using this system the viscosity was reduced in more than 50%. We experimented the effect of the number of acidwashings of the alginic acid, on the yield and quality of the final alginate. The acid treatment was carried outwith three, two and one washing. It was concluded that three acid washings of the calcium alginate fibers arenecessary to obtain an effective conversion of calcium alginate to alginic acid, but the first and second washings can be carried out with recycled acid. This system represents a water saving up to 66% in this step.
Abundance assessment of brown shrimp (Farfantepenaeus aztecus) in Tamaulipas coasts, 2002.
Authors: Wakida Kusunoki A. T. , Solana Sansores R. , González-Cruz A.
Published: January 2021

Results from brown shrimp (Farfantepenaeus aztecus) abundance evaluation of the coasts of Tamaulipas during summer of 2002 are presented. Four exploratory fishing cruises were carried out in the coasts Tamaulipas during August, where biomass values were analyzed by swept area. These values were compared with data of previous exploratory fishing cruises. The information was complemented with data of size structure, observed during May in Laguna Madre and information from a survey carried out in June 2001. The results shown that the yield of capture and biomass existing are smaller than the previous months. Likewise, the structure of sizes in the inshore system, from the coast and the distant zone to the coast (20 m to 42 m depth) shown a delay in the recruitment and abundance on decrease, possibly explained as a result of a temperature and rainfall abnormality. The low values observed of biomass and sizes, caused that yields in the commercial captures of open sea were smaller than the expected ones.
Epibionts of juvenile hawksbill turtle Eretmochelys imbricata in the Sanctuary of Sea Turtles of Rio Lagartos, Yucatan, México.
Authors: Cárdenas- Palomo N. , Maldonado- Gasca A.
Published: January 2021

Studies about the relationship between sea turtles and epibionts are important for their conservation, because it gives us information about the effects of the epibionts on the turtles. During July and August of 1999, we counted the epibionts attached to each corporal region of 37 juvenile hawksbill turtle (Eretmochelys imbricata) captured in the Sanctuary of Sea Turtles of Rio Lagartos, Yucatán, México. The average size of the turtles was 36.4 (± 7.4) cm straight length. Barnacles presented the highest relative abundance: Platylepas sp. (97.2%), attached mainly to the neck and fins; Chelonibia testudinaria represented 1.6% attached only on the carapace and plastron. Leeches (Ozobranchus margoi) were found in the plastron and cloaca of two sea turtles; 43 mussels were registered under the scutes of the shell of one turtle. Filamentous algae were present in 20 turtles, mainly on the carapace. Oysters, amphipods, remoras, algae and percebes were scarcely registered. In general, the organisms associated to immature hawksbillturtles were commensals, although high amounts of epibionts could affect the energy cost of the sea turtleswhen they are swimming. In some cases the relation turned out to be parasitic, when the epibionts createdpossible sites of infections.
Population density of four species of sea urchin (Echinodermata: Echinoidea) at La Entrega Reef, Oaxaca.Population density of four species of sea urchin (Echinodermata: Echinoidea) at La Entrega Reef, Oaxaca.
Authors: Zamorano P. , Leyte-Morales G. E.
Published: January 2021

Bimonthly samples of sea urchins fauna inhabiting the La Entrega Reef, Oaxaca, Mexico, were obtained from October 2002 to August 2003. The reef area was divided in two sampling zones, corresponding to shallow (0-6 m) and deep (6-12 m) water. Six transects of 50 m length by 1 m wide were sampled in each zone. Greatest annual density corresponded to Diadema mexicanum (5.96 ± 0.85 ind/m2), followed by Eucidaris thouarsii (0.46 ± 0.14 ind/m2); Echinometra vanbrunti and Toxopneustes roseuspresented low densities (0.03 ± 0.01 indv/m2 and 0.02 ± 0.01 ind/m2, respectively). Density of the four populations varied considerably and higher densities were observed in the deep zone. Total abundance of sea urchins (shallow and deep samples) did not vary significantly over time. Abundance per depth range, however, was different over time for all species except for E. thouarsii. In December densities of D. mexicanum and E. thouarsii decreased in the deep zone and increased in the shallow zone, due to massive mortality of coral in the shallow part of the reef and to subsequent increase of algal coverage attracting these species to the shallowest part of the reef. The La Entrega reef is presently in an advanced state of erosionthat could favor an increase of sea urchins abundance and of their bioerosion activity.
Updated bathymetry of La Paz Bay, Baja California Sur, Mexico.
Authors: Del Monte-Luna P. , Arreguí­n-Sánchez F. , Godí­nez-Orta L. , López-Ferreira C. A.
Published: January 2021

We conducted a sampling campaign during April and May of 2005 aiming to determine the bathymetry of La Paz Bay. The sampling array consisted of a zigzagtracking on an inboard motor vessel, along the area circumscribed by the quadrilateral (1) 24° 47' 31.2" N - 110° 39' 32.4" W, (2) 24° 47' 16.8" N - 110° 30' 32.4" W, (3) 24° 15' 18" N -110 ° 20' 52.8" W and (4) 24° 10' 48" N - 110° 20' 56.4" W. Closest edges of the sampling array were approximately 4 km apart. Depth records were sampled each 50 m usinga GPSMAP Color Sounder; we recorded a total of 9,024 depth entries. Average, maximum and minimum depths recorded by the Sounder were 71m, 324 m and 2.6 m, respectively. We generated a bathymetry map by using the Triangular Irregular Network interpolation method. Analysis based on this dataset should consider daily tide corrections and data gaps below 200 m depth.  athymetry data set is available from the authors upon request.
Diversity and abundance variation of dominant mollusk species in the coral zone of La Entrega, Oaxaca.
Authors: Zamorano P. , Barrientos-Luján N. A. , Leyte-Morales G. E.
Published: January 2021

Bimonthly samplings were carried out from October 2002 to August 2003 at La Entrega reef. With the collected material the mollusk community associated to the coral Pocillopora damicornis was characterized in order to compare its current structure with that which it showed during 1994-1995. We observed that diversity had not changed significantly. However, it did show changes in the abundance of the dominant taxa. Particularly an increase in the number of organisms of the genus Lithophaga and of Quoyula madreporarum along with the decrease of Muricopsis zeteki and Cantharus spp. These species are closely related to various processes that occur within the reefs, such as bioerosion of the corals. Thesespecies have found optimal conditions for colonization and development within the fragile structure of the reef that in a larger time scale could generate an ecological imbalance, as has occurred in other coral reefs around the world.
Lithified Thrombolites in the Ensenada de la Paz, B.C.S., México.
Authors: Siqueiros-Beltrones D. A. , Argumedo-Hernandez U. , Hernández-Almeida O. U.
Published: January 2021

The beaches of the Ensenada de La Paz, B.C.S., México are bordered by sediment formations of cyanophytic originidentified as recent thrombolites that represented the first record of live thrombolites for the region and México. In a later exploration lithified thrombolites were discovered at Estero Zacatecas on the angle formed by El Mogote and the coastline, behind the mangrove fringe. It is feasible that the process of thrombolitic formation may have triggered the birth of the El Mogote sand bar.
Feeding habits of Haliotis Spp. and nutritional basis for its management.
Authors: Argumedo Hernández U.
Published: January 2021

Most of the knowledge on abalone diet rises from empirical bases under cultured conditions, especially during its early life stages. Likewise, most of these studies have been made on adults and are focused on macroalgae, which harbor a large number of epiphytic diatom species that could enrich the abalone diet. Nevertheless, when these are segregated its diet contribution could be  underestimated. The empiric supply of few diatom taxa on juvenile cultured abalone do not correspond to the large number of diatoms observed in intestinal contents of wild specimens. Likewise, their use as food for cultured abaloneneeds a larger scientific base; meanwhile combined diets using macroalgae and diatoms seems to be a better alternative. On the other hand, an artificial diet for adult abalones as an alternative for the macroalgal diet with lower production costs, will depend on the information about nutrimental requirements and the use of food sources by different abalone species, which is unknown, especially in relation with their natural diet. On the plus side, mixed diets provide more essential nutrients than the mono-specific diets which can be lacking in one or more nutrients. Also, it has to be taken into account that the flavor of abalone meat fed with artificial diets could be different than that obtained with natural diets and could result in less acceptance of the product in the market.
New records of naked Dinoflagellates from The Gulf of California, Mexico.
Authors: Gárate-Lizárraga I. , Verdugo-Dí­az G.
Published: January 2021

Four new records of naked planktonic dinoflagellate and two rare taxa were found in Bahía de La Paz, Gulf of California. The Brachidiniales Asterodinium gracile and Brachidinium sp. are new records for the Mexican Pacific and Brachidinium capitatum is a new record for the Gulf of California. Little is known about the distribution and morphology of these species since they are rare and have been scarcely reportedin the worldwide literature. A. gracile and Kofoidinium pavillardii are considered asmembers of the shade flora. All species are photographically documented.
Blooms of Myrionecta rubra in Bahía de La Paz, Gulf of California, during early summer of 2005.
Authors: López-Cortés D.  J. , Gárate-Lizárraga I. , Bustillos-Guzmán J. J. , Hernández-Sandoval F.
Published: January 2021

Blooms of the ciliate Myrionecta rubra are quite common in Bahía de La Paz. In June and July2005 two blooms of this species were sampled to determine abundance, plankton biomass, nutrients,dissolved oxygen, and temperature. During the bloom in June, surface temperature ranged from 19.0 °C to 19.6 °C and dissolved oxygen from 4.2 mg l-1 to 4.7 mg l-1. During the second bloom, surface temperature was 24.2 °C and dissolved oxygen was 6.7 mg l-1. At 25 m depth, conditions were 20.0 °C and 3.5 mg l-1, respectively. At the surface, nutrients were low, except for ammonium (1.14 µM – 2.27 µM). High densities of M. rubra (2.14 × 106 cells l-1), chlorophyll a (55.6 µg l-1), chlorophyll c (6.0 µg l-1), and alloxanthin (8.1 µg l-1) were recorded. This last pigment is characteristic of the cryptophyte group, suggesting an association of theciliate with this algal group. Winds from the southeast varied from 3 to 4.5 m s-1 in June and 1.7 to 4.8 m s-1 in July. The presence of this bloom under low thermal stratification and with the highest density of the ciliates at the surface during the onset of the bloom suggest that southeastern winds mixed the shallow water column, brought up nutrients from the bottom sediments, and induced high concentrations of the cryptophytes.
Microbiological quality of Ulva lactuca and Ulva clathrate (Chlorophyta) along the coastline of La Paz, B.C.S., México.
Authors: íguila-Ramí­rez R. N. , Hernández-Guerrero C. J. , Rodrí­guez-Astudillo S. , Guerrero-Caballero R.
Published: January 2021

Total, fecal coliforms and the enterococcus group in Ulva lactuca and U. clathrata were measured in four localities of the coastline of La Paz, B.C.S, Mexico. Levels of fecal coliforms in water were below the standard of the Ecological Criteria of Water Quality(EC-WQ) which indicates a healthy La Paz inlet (below 200 MPN/100ml). Values of fecal coliforms in algae were below the NOM-031-SSA1-1993 levels determined for marine organisms destined for human consumption. These values were high only in few months. No enterococci were detected in thesamples.
Primary productivity estimation in two seamounts in the southern Gulf of California, México.
Authors: Verdugo-Dí­az G. , Cervantes  Duarte R. , Albáñez-Lucero M. O.
Published: January 2021

Vertical profiles of temperature and natural fluorescence from 100 m deep were made during February 2005. Water transparency was measured using Secchi’s disc, as well samples of superficial water and at maximum of fluorescence deep were collected to analyze inorganic nutrients. In “El BajoEspiritu Santo” temperature (20 °C at surface)diminished gradually with depth, without significant stratification.Primary productivity shows superficial values close to 6 mg C m-3 h-1, reaching  undetectable values at 20 m of depth. In “El Bajo Gorda” surface temperature reached 22 °C and the water column shows a thermocline between 35 m and 45 m of depth. The profiles of primary productivity presented a subsurface maximum (approximately 2 mg C m -3 h-1) associated with the thermocline.
Morphology and sediments of the beach and shelf of the Bahía San Lucas, Baja California Sur, México.
Authors: Navarro Lozano J. O. , Nava Sánchez E. H. , Godinez-Orta L. , Murillo-Jimenez J.
Published: January 2021

Bahía San Lucas is located at the southern tip of the Baja California peninsula, thus it receives high energy waves from the Pacific Ocean. The morphology of the coastline and marine bottom of the bay was interpreted based on a bathymetric survey and beach profiles, while the characteristics of the sediments were obtained through a textural analysis. Both, morphology and sedimentology allowed us to know the relationship between landforms and the sedimentological behavior. The geometry and orientation of the limiting points of the bay and the temporary presence of the fan-delta El Salto in the central portion, control the processes of wave refraction and diffraction. Thus, the coastline of the bay can be divided into two areas,where the wave energy processes and the transporting agent are different from each other and determine the morphology and sediment distribution of the beach. Seafloor topography of the bay is dominated by the presence of the San Lucas submarine canyon, whose head is just at the foot of the beach, in the innermost area of the bay. This canyon controls the development of the peninsular shelf, which is only 1.5 km wide witha maximum depth of 50m. This shallow depth of the shelf, which allows the waves interact with seabed, and the presence of the submarine canyon are the responsible for the distribution of  sediments in the seabed of the bay.
A multi-species microalgae bloom in Bahia de La Paz, Gulf of California, Mexico (June 2008).
Authors: Gárate-Lizárraga I. , Band-Schmidt C. J. , Aguirre-Bahena F. , Grayeb del Alamo T.
Published: January 2021

Red tide patches were observed in Bahía de La Paz in June 17 and 18 of 2008. According to temperature and wind data this bloom occurred under  upwelling-like conditions. Examination of the red tide samples showed the ciliate Myrionecta rubra and the naked dinoflagellates Gyrodinium instriatum and Katodinium glaucum as the main species responsible for this bloom. Total density (microalgae and ciliate) at the sampling stations was similar on both days, varying from 4607 × 103 cells L-1 to 4976 × 103 cells L-1 on the first day, and from 4172 × 103 cells L-1 to 5024 × 103 cells L-1 on the second day. Phytoplankton biomass (chlorophyll a) observed during the first day of the bloom was 1.5 mg m-3. Dinoflagellates and diatoms were the most numerically important phytoplankton groups. The phytoplankton community showed a high speciesrichness, particularly heterotrophic dinoflagellates and ebridians. The ecological importance of theheterotrophic component of naked dinoflagellates and the ebriids for this bay is discussed.
New Records of marine mollusks from El Salvador, Central America.
Authors: Rivera C. G. , González N. E.
Published: January 2021

New records of 27 species of marine mollusks from the Pacific coast of El Salvador (central America) are presented. The checklist includes 112 individuals of 11 bivalves and 16 gastropods species from El Tamarindo estuary. These were collected with a hand box-corer during an expedition on macrobenthos research between February and July, 2005. Habitat and relevant observations of eachspecies are provided.
Stratigraphic evidence of pro-thrombolithic ground formation around the La Paz lagoon (Mexico).
Authors: Siqueiros Beltrones D. A. , Felix-Pico E. F. , Hernández-Almeida O. U.
Published: January 2021

It was recently proposed which prothrombolytic processes promote formation of sandy bars that transform inlets into coastal lagoons. I know show stratigraphic evidence that supports the hypothesis that prothrombolytic processes are responsible for the formation of coastal soils of the La Paz lagoon that already they are urbanized or colonized by mangroves. It is proposed that this could well be the case for several coastal lagoons of the Mexican NW.
Effect of diatom and dinoflagellate diets on egg production and ingestion rate of Centropages furcatus (Copepoda: Calanoida) from a subtropical bay (Bahía de La Paz, Gulf of California).
Authors: Band-Schmidt C. J. , Pacheco-Chávez R. , Del íngel-Rodrí­guez J. A. , Hernández-Trujillo S.
Published: January 2021

This study experimentally determined the role of local diatom and dinoflagellate diets and theirfatty acid composition on the survival, ingestion, and egg production rates of the copepod Centropages furcatus from Bahía de La Paz. The fatty acid profiles of the diatoms Odontella longicruris and Chaetoceros sp., and of the dinoflagellates Scrippsiella sp., Gyrodinium sp., and Prorocentrum micans were determined. After incubating at 24 °C in darkness during 24 h, survival within all phytoplankton diets was > 90%. Dinoflagellate diets provided higher egg production (>25 eggs female-1 day-1) than diatom diets (<10 eggsfemale-1 day-1). No significant differences were observed in the ingestion rates when fed dinoflagellates or diatoms, which varied between 400 and 900 ng C copepod-1 h-1. Higher egg production with dinoflagellate diets suggests better food quality, which may be attributed to higher proportions of the fatty acids 18:4 (n-3) and 22:6 (n-3). These results suggest that when C. furcatus predominantly graze on dinoflagellates eggproduction will increase. Higher abundances of dinoflagellates in the La Paz bay could be coupled with higher egg production of the copepod C. furcatus.
Variation in the morphophysiological indices of the lion paw scallop Nodipecten subnodosus (Sowerby, 1835) in Bahía de los Ángeles, B.C., Gulf of California.
Authors: Yee-Duarte J. A. , Ceballos-Vázquez B. P. , Arellano-Martí­nez M.
Published: January 2021

From January to December, 2006 the variation of the gonadosomatic (IGS), muscle (IM), digestive gland (IGD) and mantle indices (IMA) of Nodipecten subnodosus in Bahía de Los Angeles, B.C., Mexico were analyzed. A total of 334 organisms were examined, all within an interval of 48 to 172 mm of shell height. The IGS showed a seasonal pattern indicating that the gonadic ripeness appeared from April to June. Both, the IGD and the IMA had a significant correlation with the IGS (P < 0.05). The IM did not show a significant correlation with the IGS (P > 0.05). The analysis of the variation of the morphophysiological indices indicates that it is possible that in the Bahía de Los Angeles, B.C., N. subnodosus presents a cycle of storage and transference of energy from somatic tissues to the gonad to support gametogenesis. N. subnodosus reproduces in a defined rank of temperature, it begins its gametogenesis between 17 °C and 18°C of temperature of the water and reaches its maximum ripeness between 23.5 °C and 26.8 °C.
a-Diversity of epilithic diatoms in the San Ignacio oasis Baja California Sur, Mexico.
Authors: López-Fuerte F. O.
Published: January 2021

Se proporciona el primer registro de diatomeas bentónicas epilí­ticas para el oasis de San Ignacio, B. C. S., México. Se realizaron dos muestreos (enero de 2007 y en julio de 2008) tratando de representar las épocas de invierno y verano. No obstante que los datos de temperatura fueron puntuales, se observaron diferencias estadí­sticas (p0.05) entre épocas. Se reconocieron un total de 73 taxa de diatomeas epilí­ticas a niveles de especie, variedad y forma. De éstos, 66 se registraron en julio y 37 en enero; 29 taxa estuvieron presentes en ambos muestreos, 37 sólo en julio y 7 en enero. La mayor riqueza de especies se registró en julio (S=47) y la mí­nima en enero (S=14). En verano se registraron los valores más elevados de diversidad (H'=4.06, S=39); mientras que en enero se obtuvo el valor mí­nimo (H'=2.42, S=13). Las diferencias entre los valores de diversidad según la época de muestreo fueron significativas (p>0.05). La mayorí­a de las diatomeas identificadas fueron pennadas: 69 taxa (en 32 géneros); sólo 5 especies de los géneros Cyclotella y Stephanodiscus fueron centrales. La especie más frecuente y abundante fue Denticula kuetzingii que estuvo presente en todos los sitios de muestreo en ambas temporadas, con una abundancia relativa superior al 50%. Los análisis de similitud (cualitativos/cuantitativos) permitieron reconocer una asociación representativa del verano y otra del invierno.

Î±-diversity of epilithic diatoms in the San Ignacio oasis Baja California Sur, México

The first record of benthic epilithic diatoms for the oasis of San Ignacio, B.C.S., México is presented. Two samplings were conducted in January 2007 and July 2008 in order to represent winter and summer conditions, respectively. Although temperature data were punctual, statistical differences were noted between months (p 0.05). A total of 73 taxa of epilithic diatoms were identified including species, variety and form levels. From these, 66 were recorded in July and 37 in January. Twenty nine taxa occurred in both sampling periods, 37 only in July and 7 in January only. Highest species richness was observed in July (S=47) and the lowest in January (S=14). Highest species diversity values occurred in summer (H´= 4.06, S=39), whilst January showed the lowest diversity (H´= 2.42, S= 13). Species diversity values were statistically different (p>0.05) between sampling periods. Most of the identified diatoms were pennate forms: 69 taxa (32 genera), while only five species of Cyclotella and Stephanodiscus were centric forms. The most frequent and abundant taxon was Denticula kuetzingii which occurred in all sampling sites and both periods with a relative abundance higher than 50%. Qualitative and quantitative similarity analyses allow the definition of two associations, one for summer and another for winter conditions.
Changes in species composition and abundance of fish larvae from the Gulf of Tehuantepec, Mexico
Authors: López -Chávez O. , Aceves -Medina G. , Saldierna -Martí­nez R. J. , Jiménez -Rosenberg S. P. , Murad -Serrano J. P. , Marí­n -Gutiérrez A. , Hernández - Hernández O.
Published: January 2021

The larval fish abundance and species composition of the Gulf of Tehuantepec are described based on the analysis of samples obtained from oblique zooplankton tows during summer 2007 and spring2008. Changes in species composition and abundance between both periods were also described. A total of 145 taxa were obtained from which 73 were identified to species level, 43 to genus and 29 to family. The larval fish assemblage of the Gulf of Tehuantepec showed distinctive characteristics from other regions of the AmericanPacific, such as: A) a dominance of coastal-pelagic species (mainly Bregmaceros bathymaster); B) high diversity and abundance of shallow demersal species even along the oceanic stations of the study area; and C) a low proportion of mesopelagic species, an unusual condition in areas with narrow continental shelf. The diversity estimations suggest that Gulf of Tehuantepec is one of the most diverse ecosystems of the American Pacific, even as compared with other regions considered of highest diversity such as the Gulf of California. The highabundance, as well as the presence of the larval, juvenile and adult stages of B. bathymaster, suggests the importance of this region as a reproductive, nursery and recruitment for this species.
Quasi monospecific proliferation of Pteroncola inane (Giffen) Round (Fragilariales; Bacillariophyceae) on blades of Eisenia arborea Areschoug.
Authors: Siqueiros -Beltrones D. A. , Argumedo -Hernández U.
Published: January 2021

The arraphid diatom Pteroncola inane is a taxon that commonly inhabits the feathers of seabirds and as an epiphyte on European coasts, but until now it was not registered for the coasts of Mexico. In this study, proliferations of P. inane are recorded on sheets of Eisenia arborea collected in Bahía Magdalena Baja California Sur, Mexico, where it was the dominant taxon den another of the epiphytic diatom association that included 75 taxa; most of these rare and rare. In fresh preparations the specimens showed two chloroplasts parietal laminar; no type was observed of cologne. In permanent preparations P. inane presented hyaline appearance, absence of valvar structure and points along the margins of the valvar mantle. The identification of this taxon was achieved by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), with which the striae of the valves and a barely perceptible narrow sternum were observed. Likewise, it was noted that the marginal points consist of perforations of the first intercalary band and that it exhibits thickening of the valvar mantle as points. This constitutes the first record of P. inane for Mexico and the first as an epiphyte in a benthic environment for the eastern Pacific.
Zooplankton functional groups from the California current and climate variability during 1997-2013.
Authors: Lavaniegos B. E. , Molina -González O. , Murcia -Riaño M.
Published: January 2021

Zooplankton plays an important role in recycling matter and energy trough the pelagic ecosystem.The California Current is one of the large marine ecosystems with high productivity and bio-physical variability at multiple time scales. An interannual scale or longer periods requires data series sufficiently long to ensure reliable averages of zooplankton abundance in order to estimate their low frequency variability. Here, tendencies inphysical and biological variables are presented for the period 1997-2013 with data obtained from IMECOCAL cruises in the Mexican sector of the California Current. The area was divided into four regions, two oceanic (off North and Central Baja California) and two neritic (Vizcaino bay and Gulf of Ulloa). Sea surface temperature (SST) and El Niño Oceanic Index (ONI) showed correlation in all areas, while extratropical indices (PDO andNPGO) exhibited different tendencies among the regions. The PDO had significant correlation with SST only in the central and Vizcaino bay regions. The NPGO was not correlated with temperature but presented significantly strong correlation with sea surface salinity in all regions, which has been attributed to changes in large-scale circulation of the north Pacific subtropical gyre. In spite of a significant influence of the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) in SST, the correlation between ONI and zooplankton abundance was limited to gelatinous herbivorous (tunicates) from the North region. Local influence was remarkable in Vizcaino bay where the tunicates showed a period of negative abundance anomalies (2000-2004) followed by increasing positive anomalies between 2005 and 2013 associated with positive upwelling index anomalies. Geometric mean abundance of salps (per oceanographic cruise) averaged in Vizcaino bay 33.3 ind m-3 during 2005-2013  compared to 1.4 ind m-3 in 2000-2004. Salps partially displaced crustacean herbivores since they compete for feeding particles; copepods decreased from 88.2 ind m-3 during 2000-2004 to 59.7 ind m-3 in 2005-2013; and euphausiids from 16.1 ind m-3 to 10.4 ind m-3. In the oceanic domain a period of saline stratification during 2002-2006 was associated with positive anomalies of all trophic groups (crustaceans, tunicates and carnivores). Alternation of particular taxa of tunicates and carnivores is discussed. The increase of gelatinous organisms associated to higher stratification in the oceanic region and enhanced upwellng in the coastal shelf appears to be in detriment of crustaceans, though the time-series are shortto outline a more defined trend. That tendency is particularly disturbing in Vizcaino bay affecting the availability of food for fishes and other predators.
Endogenous polyamine response in epiphytic Bonnemaisonia hamifera (Bonnemaisoniales: Rhodophyta) due to interaction with its host.
Authors: Vergara -Rodarte M. A. , Murillo ílvarez J. I. , Robaina Romero R.
Published: January 2021

The endogenous polyamine (Pas) content of free and bound-acid soluble fractions was assessed inthe epiphyte Bonnemaisonia hamifera under the presence of its host Gelidium arbuscula and of extracts obtained from G. arbuscula and from G. robustum. In the presence of fresh thalli of G. arbuscula the free putrescine (PUT) content decreased (P ‹ 0.05), while spermine and spermidine (SPD) showed a slightly increased concentration. The content of free PUT also decreased in all treatments with the different extracts and the dose. Bound-soluble PAs showed a different trend, particularly with the highest dose of ethanolic extract of G. robustum, PUT and SPD bound-soluble PA content increased significantly. Based on our results we infer that PAs are involved in the epiphytic relationship between macroalgae, and that PUT produces the greatest response of B. hamifera in the interaction with host and its extracts. The potential causes of its variation and its use for the production of secondary metabolites are discussed.
Biological and economical issues that explain contradictory fisheries politics in the European Union
Authors: González -Laxe Fernando
Published: January 2021

The document of the European Commission entitled “Communication from the Commission concerning a consultation on Fishing Opportunities” [COM (2011) 298 final] confirms the actual complexity and the problems regarding fisheries management, when it declares “the fact of overfishing assumes that the catches are made too soon, that catch size is too small, and also that too much fuel is consumed”. The May 2010 report onthe feasibility for fishing in waters of the European Union (EU) for 2011, confirms the failure of the implemented measures since the approval of the new reform of the Communitary Fishery Policy (CFP). This documentation has been completed with new reports from the EU in which arguments to undertake new reforms are broaden, i.e., those related to the legislation proposals for the Base Regulation of the CFP [COM (2011] 425 final) andfor the Market Policy [COM (2011) 416 final]; together with a communication on External Dimension of the CFP (COM(2011) 424 final); and an report on the aspects on regulation that affect resources conservation, access within 12 miles, sustainability, and the adjustment of the Fishing Capacity [COM (2011) 418 final]. This paper links the reasoning for the failure of the fisheries policy on the basis of bio-economical models, and underlines the actions underway for guaranteeing the objectives for the year 2015, as agreed by the States Members of the EU in the Sustainable development summit held in Johannesburg.
Embryonic development of the starry grouper Epinephelus labriformis (Jenyns, 1840) and description of its eleutheroembryo.
Authors: Torres -Hernández Pablo , Cebada -Martí­nez Paulina , Girón -Cruz Diego A. , Garrido -Fariña Germán I. , Alvarez -González Carlos A.
Published: January 2021

From the induced spawning and in vitro fertilization of the eggs of the starry grouper Epinepheluslabriformis the embryonic development and the eleutheroembryo were described. The spawning induction was performed with two injections of 700 UI GCH∙kg-1 to carry out spawning and artificial fertilization. The viable eggs were placed in incubators of 6 L with 35 UPS and raised at 23, 24, 25, and 27 °C. A chronological description of segmentation stages, gastrulation, and nerula was made until hatching of the eleutheroembryo at 25°C. The average + standard deviation of the egg diameter and the diameter of oil drop from the eleutheroembryo were reported along with the notocordial length, yolk sac length, and diameter of the eleutheroembryo´s oil drop. The egg is pelagic, spherical, transparent, smooth chorion with only one oil drop in a central position. The average diameter of the eggs is 726.1 + 18.4 µm and 135.5 + 17 µm for the oil drop. At 25°C the first segmentation was observed after 40 minutes post fertilization and the discoblastula is evident at 3 hours post fertilization. The nerula with optical vesicles, well-defined somites, and the presence of melanophores was observed at 25 hours. Eggs hatched at 27 hours post fertilization. The notochord average length of the eleuteroembryo was 1,327 + 186.3 µm, the diameter of the oil drop is 131.3 + 17.1 µm. The length of the yolk sac is 526.2 + 72.8 µm and its height is 359.6 + 74.6 µm. The equation that describes hatching time (Te) with respect to the temperature (Tinc) was: T e = 119.68 – (3.5793 x Tinc) in an interval of 23°C to 27°C (n=8; r2=0.8631; p=0.0008). The description of the embryonic development and eleutheroembryo contribute to the biological knowledge of the species and the development of methods the controlled reproduction and larviculture of E. labriformis.
Application of DNA barcodes for the discovery of marine animal diversity.
Authors: Márquez Carlos
Published: January 2021

DNA barcoding is a useful tool for the correct identification of species. The most commonly usedsequence is a 350 to 800 bp-long fragment of the mitochondrial gene Cytochrome Oxidase I (COI). This fragment has been successfully used to identify cryptic species and has contributed to an increased understanding of animal diversity. However, its use in plants and fungi has been unsuccessful and results have been inconsistent when used in other groups such as marine sponges. This work analyses current data available in the BOLD System V3 database. It compares how the BOLD system has evolved and complements this with an analysis of current literature. This analysis reveals several important facts, among which is the notable increase in sequences submitted between 2009 and 2013 and an increase in the rate of sequence submission since 2013. The analysis also reveals a clear bias in the phyla that are being sequenced for barcoding. Of the 52525 species of marine molluscs only 9.2% have their barcode available. This percentage is even lower (7.6%) for arthropods. This contrasts with marine chordates in which 33.6% of the 21515 known species have their barcodes available. This data suggests a bias towards charismatic and commercially important species. Finally, the general analysis of BOLD database reveals 70% ofbarcodes are assigned to clearly identified species and near 30% to interim species (those for which a name cannot be definitively assigned to), which highlights the inaccuracies of the identification system.
A mockingbird Mimus polyglottos (Linnaeus, 1758) found in a stomach of a blue shark Prionace glauca (Linnaeus, 1758).
Authors: Jaime -Rivera Mario , Hernández -Vázquez Salvador , Galván -Magaña Felipe , Pérez -Lezama E.  Leonardo
Published: January 2021

A cenzontle Mimus polyglottos was found in the stomach of a juvenile Prionace blue shark glauca caught off the coast of Magdalena Bay, Baja California Sur, Mexico. This continental bird is a rare item like shark prey. This note helps to emphasize the role of Prionace glauca as a opportunistic predator and / or scavenger.
New records of benthic marine diatom taxa for Mexican littorals.
Authors: SIQUEIROS BELTRONES DAVID ALFARO , ARGUMEDO HERNíNDEZ URI
Published: January 2021

Most of the species records of marine benthic diatoms for Mexican littorals they correspond mainly to the northwest of the country. The latest studies on this topic in this region include Laguna Guerrero Negro (LGN), Baja California-Baja Southern California. In this report six new taxonomic records are described and represented iconographically. of benthic diatoms for the Mexican coastlines, in mostly rare, coming from LGN sediments.