bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La gestión escolar en la reforma educativa 2013 Educación primaria
Authors: Macotel Méndez Xóchitl Elizabeth , Olea Deserti Elia , Salazar Pulido Ruth
Published: October 2021

This paper is a preliminary analyzes we are doing about a school management research. Management is principal action in primary school. We are interested to study levels and elements that management use, their logical function. This work will help to analyze and think about sense and meaning from educative practices that the schools use. In this sense, we consider that social relations in schools are influenced by management who organizing them. Interactions can be observed in leadership, planning (School Improvement Route); teachers who work at school, management applied to learn and interactions to scholar community. In this way, all about management are researched in different points of view, such as scholar, management self, community and pedagogical. Likewise, we analyze activities teachers do. Teachers have a primary paper in the classroom, and they contribute to integral learning in their students. They help development personal (biology and psychology) and personality in their students. It is the most important objective from educative centers. In the same way, teachers use the management when they are working in School Improvement Route.
Política educativa y profesionalización docente en educación básica
Authors: Escobar Cruz Claudio , Jardón Hernández Wenceslao Sergio , Gutiérrez Hernández Margarita Berenice
Published: October 2021

The education reform is an expression of on educational politics that drives, at least in speech, the integral formation of student in basic education. The characteristic of the education reforms implemented in recent years in Mexico, identify themselves by a set of common goals: achieving greater equity in access to education, improve service quality, report the results of education, review the contents that are integrated into the curriculum. So a series of problems linked identify with the “lack of quality education “so as: high repetition rates, the best domain of learning by students, lack of renewal of teaching methods. That is why this proposal was made to professionalize teachers as a mechanism that contributes to the solution of the educational problems.

For the purposes of the current reform, raise the quality of education implies improving the performance of teachers and student, involve parents to give schools de support material and review the plan and curriculum. To achieve from the official optical is essential to strengthen the valuation processes the progress and opportunities to have an education increasingly higher quality.
Marcadores genéticos en la caracterización micobacteriana
Authors: Martínez-Cruz Perla Mónica , Vásquez-Gutiérrez Romalda , Gabriel-De la Torre María del Pilar , Martínez-Martínez Lucía
Published: October 2021

The alternative methods of taxonomic identification come from the development of molecular techniques based on the identification and analysis of nucleic acids. These methods have given a great impulse to the epidemiological investigation of human tuberculosis by providing tools that allow identifying, to compare and obtain the genomic pattern of strains from different populations. The aim of the present review is to provide an overview of the possibilities for diagnosis and identification of highly pathogenic organisms, such as mycobacteria, thus allowing faster treatment establishment to reduce mortality rates by TB. The present work was developed through the compilation of bibliographical information related to the subject, allowing correlating the information of several expert authors
Fibrogénesis hepática células estelares hepáticas
Authors: Ildefonso García Osiris G , Ramírez Hernández Alma Aurora , Santos Álvarez Jovito César , Velázquez Enriquez Juan M , Carrasco Torres Gabriel , Vásquez Garzón Verónica rocío , Baltierrez Hoyos Rafael
Published: October 2021

Liver fibrosis affects both the amount and the composition of the extracellular matrix. This process may occur during chronic liver disease characterized by hepato biliary disease or inflammation. There is now considerable evidence to support the role of the hepatic stellar cells (HSC) as the main matrix producing cells in fibrogenesis. The focus of this review is to provide insight into hepatic stellar cells in the fibrogenic process.
Los virus como detonante oncogénico
Authors: López-Martínez Jael , Gabriel de la Torre María del Pilar , Cruz Ochoa Cristian , Martínez-Martínez Lucía , Mayoral Chávez Miguel Ángel
Published: October 2021

Viruses are intracellular pathogens, which are replicated within a cell, using their own machinery to generate more viral particles. Viral replication can affect normal host cell genes, thereby modulating signaling pathways that control cell proliferation, differentiation, and death; genomic integrity, and immune-mediated recognition. Viruses, known as oncogenic viruses, cause about 20% of human cancers.

The phenomenon of a basic viral infection to tumorigenesis is long due to the involvement of several factors, such as immune complications, cellular mutations, and exposure to other cancer agents. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated with herpes, also known as type-8 Herpes virus (HHV-8), human papillomavirus (HPV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV) and type-1 human T-cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV-1) are involved in the development of humans cancers.
El tráfico vesicular y compañía: cambiando perspectivas
Authors: Torres- Rivera Anayetzin
Published: October 2021

Since the 80s decade, the notion about cellular vesicles functions and the mechanisms that they follow in the cell and the organism has changed, from simple waste carriers to communicating molecules essential for the development and survival of the cell. Vesicles are able to transport proteins, lipids and genetic material involved in the physiologic and metabolic transformation of the target cell, and thus, they use in clinic and therapeutic applications could bring many benefits in the future.
Relevancia Biológica de los Glicoconjugados
Authors: Belem-Gallegos Velasco Itandehui , Sosa-Amaya Casandra , García-Cruz Luis Miguel , Santiago-Olivera Brenda Leticia , Hernández-Juárez Jesús , Hernández-Cruz Pedro Antonio
Published: October 2021

Glycoscience is a science that studies glycans, one of the four types of fundamental biological macromolecules of living things. Glycans are the most abundant macromolecules on the planet, however, compared to nucleic acids, proteins and lipids, are the least studied. The study of glycans is an area of opportunity to identify their participation in the main physiological and pathological processes that affect the human being.
Biomarcadores para la identificación y determinación del tiempo postcoital
Authors: Mayoral Andrade Gabriel , Canseco Lucero Martha Angélica , Pérez Campos Eduardo , Pérez-Campos Mayoral Eduardo , Pérez-Campos Mayoral Laura
Published: October 2021

The consummation of the unwanted sexual act or rape is a public health problem in the country. The search for sperm in the vagina or clothing by microscopy, the determination of acid phosphatase, the search for the prosthetic antigen and genetic tests are some tests to confirm a violation. However, the washing of the genital areas, the lability of the molecules that are measured, the insufficient amount of biological material and the high cost of some tests, prevent confirming the aggression, so identifying biological samples or presumptive spots of seminal fluid It is of the utmost importance. The search for biological material in case of violation can be done by light microscopy, determination of acid phosphatase, chromatography, prosthetic antigen search and genetic analysis. This review aims to group and examine the main methodologies for this purpose.
Cáncer hepático, problema de salud subestimado
Authors: Ramírez-Cosmes Adriana , Carrasco Torres Gabriela , Sánchez Pino José Fernando , Martínez Contreras Irving , Baltierrez Hoyos Rafael , Vásquez Garzón Verónica Rocío
Published: October 2021

Liver cancer is the second most common cancer death cause worldwide, the fourth with the highest incidence, and the third most lethal in Mexico. Due to the bad habits and inadequate nutrition of the Mexican population, it is at a high risk of developing this type of disease. At present, it is difficult to make a practical and safe diagnosis of liver cancer in later stages, and it is even more difficult in early stages. This situation, added to the scarce viability and effectiveness of the treatments, and the lack of reliable national incidence records, anticipate a very low survival rate. That is why it requires a greater attention and understanding of this condition, for the identification of therapeutic targets and new timely treatments. In this article we review the main risk factors for liver cancer, their biological characteristics, current diagnostic methods and new proposals for their detection, allowing us to know the contemporary panorama and contribute to research on this health problem and reduce the high rates of incidence and mortality.
Mecanismos de control neuroinmune y la vía colinérgica antiinflamatoria
Authors: Pérez-Cervera Yobana , Torres Rosas Rafael
Published: October 2021

The innate immune system is the first line of defense involved in protecting against external pathogens and is crucial for survival. However, uncontrolled activation of the immune system can result in more damage than the factor that triggered them, causing atrophic scarring, chronic inflammation and even Systemic inflammation events such as Lupus, arthritis, Crohn’s disease or sepsis. Fortunately, there are neuronal mechanisms of inflammatory control which could be part of new therapeutic strategies to be studied for a better control of this type of pathologies.

In the last decade, the cholinergic pathway has been described as part of the neuronal mechanisms that can be exogenous activated for the non-pharmacological control of inflammatory diseases, the aim of this review is to present the evidence in basic research and encourage the research in medical practice.
Sustentabilidad en la comunidad de Coatecas Altas, Ejutla, Oaxaca, a través de la elaboración de una ecotecnología
Authors: Cruz Gómez Jocabel , Reyes de la Cruz Virginia Guadalupe
Published: October 2021

The civilization crisis facing our planet at the global level has given us a way to think about the different actions that we have done and have impacted on nature, for the ways of thinking received from outside, clearly emphasizing the ideas that have given us from the West.

Therefore, this paper focuses on this relationship between human and nature, it is important for the purpose of this idea to take the discourse of sustainable development, assert that sustainability is something broader than sustainable development; sustainability promotes the coalition between nature and culture, where there must be respect for the values, beliefs, feelings and knowledge of the diversity of existing contexts.
Indicadores de sustentabilidad en el ecoturismo indígena en México
Authors: Velázquez Sánchez Rosa María , Boto-De Matos Caeiro Joao Gabriel , Alarcón Alcántara Ricardo , Gómez Velázquez Jesús
Published: October 2021

It was proposed to conduct a study on sustainability indicators in indigenous communities with ecotourism. This study was conducted in the Mexican states of Chiapas, Veracruz, Campeche, Yucatán, Guerrero, Michoacán and Oaxaca. For data analysis of the pilot questionnaire, the factorial analysis to main components was used. The validity test of the questionnaire provided the elements for debugging the instrument for definite data collection. This was subject to access conditions, but mainly to the insecurity situation and local conflicts presented by the communities contemplated in this study. The results allowed defining the components of the indicators that help to conceptualize the sustainability in the indigenous communities with ecotourism.
Conflictos ambientales en la producción apícola: resistencia maya ante la agricultura corporativa en la península de Yucatán
Authors: Sánchez Osorio Ever , Pardo Núñez Joaliné , Flores-López María de Lourdes
Published: October 2021

After the meaning of apiculture for indigenous Maya peasants in the Yucatán Peninsula, we analyze the case that drove grassroots organizations and indigenous communities to get together for promoting a legal demand to stop large plantations of transgenic soy. Mexican Government promoted the plantations the since the last decade of the past century, affecting peasant traditional agriculture and apiculture. The demand was against the Mexican Government, but aiming at the transnational corporation Monsanto, evidencing the ways in which globalizing mechanisms affect local cultures and economies. We conclude by emphasizing the importance of legal actions that served as resistance mechanisms, breaking a tradition of silence and acceptance of policies that affected traditional lifestyles.
Las virtudes ambientales en el santuario piedra Tlacoyunque, Guerrero, México
Authors: Niño Gutiérrez Naú Silverio , Enzaldo de la Cruz Edmundo , Velázquez Sánchez Rosa María
Published: October 2021

The Tlacoyunque stone is, at least, nationally known as a sanctuary, hence the justification lies in emphasizing the biodiversity and development from this site. Among the objectives, we consider a) synthesizing the physical and geographical features of the natural landscape and b) highlighting the use, resilience and sustainable of the current management of this purpose’s study. The geographical focus was the method we used to understand everything related to the resilience of the site. The results were: the characteristics of the tropical deciduous forest, crystal clear water, gentle waves, thick texture sand and 293 day-sunlight a year. The conclusions were: i) boasts important biodiversity that is nationally studied and recognized and ii) the use and current tourism management is successful because of its declaration as a Protected Natural Area which is dedicated to, among other activities, the environmental education for nearby visitors, national tourists, local people and foreigners as well as the scientific research.
Sustentabilidad de la producción caprina en la meseta central de Mendoza, Argentina
Authors: Dayenoff Patricio , Macario Javier
Published: October 2021

The objective of the present work was know the botanical composition of the goat's intake in natural pasture, between them years 2011-2013, and the quality forage of them species that greater participation presented along them cycles vegetative covered between 2013-2015, in the Plateau Central of Mendoza. This was evaluated in 54 Criollo adult goats by Fecal Micro-histology method in Regrowth, Flowering and vegetative Latency phases. Forage quality of species with greater participation was assessed by levels of crude protein, Official Methods of Analices (AOAC, 1980), Neutral Detergent Fiber, Acid Detergent Fiber (Van Soest, Robertson and Lewis, 1991) and Digestibility In Vitro Dry Matter (Barnes and Marten, 1980). The media and standard desviation was studied by ANAVA and Tukey test. The bushes were the most consumed species, 53.03% on Regrowth, 64.7%, in Florewing and 74.2% in Latency, highlighting species Lycium sp., Schinus sp. and Prosopis sp, as which participated in the three phenological moments of the natural pasture, with levels of intake upper to the 8% in, each moment
El estudio histopatológico del tejido de cervical y la importancia de su revisión a más niveles en el bloque de parafina para su precisión diagnóstica
Authors: Villegas Hinojosa Édgar , Gallegos García Verónica , Campuzano Barajas Anahid Elizabeth , Medina de la Cruz Omar , Alcántara Quintana Luz Eugenia
Published: October 2021

Cervical cancer (CeCa) is a public health problem, the prevention efforts have focused on the screening of women at risk of contracting the disease since timely prevention can predict the evolution of the disease. The purpose of the histopathological study is to provide a more accurate diagnosis in order to give guidelines on the basis of which the treatment and follow-up of the patients is planned. However, despite the certainty of the histopathological study, certain methodological improvements have been suggested in which some researches report that making cuts at different levels in the paraffin block of the cervical biopsy could increase the sensitivity of the histopathological study.
Identificación de cofactores nutricionales asociados a neoplasia intraepitelial cervical en mujeres de San Luis Potosí
Authors: Medina de la Cruz Omar , Villegas Hinojosa Edgar , Gaytán Hernández Darío , Gutiérrez Enríquez Sandra Olimpia , Gallegos García Verónica
Published: October 2021

Cervical Cancer (CeCa) is a public health problem worldwide. The natural history of the disease goes through different degrees of cervical intraepithelial neoplasms that modulate its transformation, depending on various co-factors related to the eating habits of patients, overweight and obesity, the consumption of food supplements and the intake of light products. The objective of this article is to identify those nutritional co-factors associated with the development of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) in women from the city of San Luis Potosí, through the study of cases (100) and controls (300) of patients diagnosed with different grades of CIN by colposcopy, in addition to this, a validated questionnaire was applied, descriptive and inferential statistics were carried out, as well as the calculation of Odds Ratio (OR). The results indicate that the nutritional co-factors identified with a statistical significance were the intake of light and green tea soft drinks, as they are linked to the appearance of cervical intraepithelial neoplasm.
Epidemiología de las lesiones de cérvix en pacientes atendidas en una institución pública de salud durante 210-2015
Authors: Zúñiga Martínez María de Lourdes , Díaz Torres Rocío del Carmen , Terán Figueroa Yolanda
Published: October 2021

This paper presents the results of an investigation whose objective was to determine the epidemiological behavior of cervix injuries in a public health institution in Matehuala, San Luis Potosí, from the 2010 to 2015.

A transversal and retrospective study was carried out, in which the records of the System of Information on Women's Cancer in the Altiplano Potosino were examined. In order for this, a non-probability sampling was conveniently applied for the selection of the sample. The prevalence of positive cases for cervical injuries by vaginal cytology was 10.3%, the predominant cytological diagnosis was the LEIBG-NIC 1 in 83.2%. The municipalities with the highest incidence were Matehuala, Cedral, Charcas, Moctezuma and Santo Domingo, but only in Matehuala and Moctezuma was the majority of cancer cases concentrated. One conclusion is that the behavior of cervical lesions in the Altiplano potosino follows a declining trend in recent years.
Conductas sexuales de riesgo para contraer infección por virus del papiloma humano y enfermedades de transmisión sexual en varones
Authors: Gutiérrez- Enríquez Sandra Olimpia , Terán Figueroa Yolanda
Published: October 2021

The objective is to present risky sexual behaviors that can lead to contracting sexually transmitted infections (STIs). In San Luis Potosí, Mexico, a universe of 77 men with active sexual life was studied; a self-administered questionnaire with four sections was applied: initiation of sexual intercourse, sexually transmitted diseases, preventive actions and number of sexual partners. To measure sexual behavior, two scales were designed, an ordinal one to observe different levels, a nominal one for the presence or absence of risky sexual behaviors. Some results obtained show that 87.1% had their first sexual intercourse at age 18 or earlier, 53.2% always used condoms, 93.5% had their first sexual intercourse with women and 6.5% with men, and 63.7% engaged in risky sexual behavior. One of the conclusions is that the majority of males in this study engaged in one or more risky sexual behaviors that can lead to contracting HPV and other sexually transmitted diseases
Violencia contra las mujeres en instituciones de educación Superior en México.
Authors: Guadarrama Olivera María Eugenia
Published: October 2021

This paper examines the subject of violence against women that occurs in higher education institutions as a result of traditional gender social representations. An overview on violence against women in Mexico is given, as well as on the legal advances on this subject. Moreover, some mechanisms necessary to attend and solve violence against women within higher education institutions are also proposed.
Universidad pública y atención a la violencia de género
Authors: Briseño-Maas María Leticia , Bernabé-Morales Thalía Érika
Published: October 2021

In 2017, the National Institute of Statistics and Geography published the main results of the National Survey on the Dynamics of Household Relations conducted in 2016, which showed that 25.3% of women who have attended school were victims of some acts of violence performed by colleagues, partners or teachers. In higher education institutions (IES), the increase in public complaints from women who suffer harassment and sexual harassment (HAS) in school on a daily basis and who make evident the lack of mechanisms for their attention is worrisome. However, only a few universities that have designed a protocol or action mechanism to address the problem of violence within institutions, which renders helpless the women who suffer from it. This paper intends to make a brief approach about the documents that have been generated for the attention of gender violence, and about the main challenges and obstacles for the implementation of the protocols and attention mechanisms at the university.
Hostigamiento y acoso sexual en los espacios universitarios
Authors: Bautista Díaz Diana Claudia
Published: October 2021

This paper approaches the problem of sexual harassment as a manifestation of gender violence against women observed in all areas of society. Recently there have been multiple complaints of such attacks and many have come from university students. In this way, it is important to acknowledge that sexual harassment is a phenomenon present in university and academic spaces, even with the academic training that teachers and administrative staff possess, which is why it is perceived that, at a society level, violence against women persists and there is also a tolerance and a normalization of it.
Hostigamiento y acoso acercamiento a estos tipos de violencia a partir de las vivencias del personal de la Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, México
Authors: Paredes Guerrero Leticia Janet
Published: October 2021

Violence in higher education institutions is a reality documented by several studies (Bedolla and García, 1998; Vélez Bautista and Soraya, 2013; Evangelista Tinoco and Tuñón, 2015); however, this is a problem that needs further documenting and advancing in its interpretation. Thus, in this paper bullying and harassment are considered forms of direct violence, using John Galtung's violence model (1969, 1998); bullying and harassment are defined according to the Mexican General Law for Women's Access to a Life Free of Violence (2007), as well as the studies by Roberto Castro and Verónica Vázquez García (2008), and by Araceli Mingo and Hortensia Moreno (2015), whose approaches -that give way to the scales of severity that violence can acquire- are revisited. All of it, as an analysis framework to visualize and explain the findings about violence among the staff of the Autonomous University o Yucatán
Acoso y hostigamiento sexual: percepciones del cuerpo directivo de la UADY
Authors: Echeverría Echeverría Rebelín , Evia-Alamilla Nancy Marine , Carrillo Trujillo Carlos David
Published: October 2021

Bullying and harassment inside school environments show that there is still inequality and an exercise of power in which gender plays a central role. Specifically, investigations and even actions to prevent and address harassment and bullying have focused on peer violence and basic education. While in higher education institutions it is necessary to direct diagnostic lines, to recognize the occurrence of these forms of violence and implement actions that involve all staff and specifically university authorities. The objective of this research is to analyze the attitudes and experiences of the management staff about bullying and harassment, the prevention, attention and sanction measures that are carried out in their institution. The methodology was a phenomenological qualitative cut with semi-structured interview technique and content analysis of the obtained data. The results show the need to generate sensitization and training programs on basic concepts about harassment.
Sobre violencia obstétrica: respuesta y resistencia de las embarazadas en un hospital público
Authors: Mendoza López Viaani Coral
Published: October 2021

The present paper describes the different forms of response, resistance and negotiation of medical attention to women users, as opposed to the practices, discourses and attitudes of obstetric violence by the medical staff. The study was conducted in a maternity hospital in the city of Merida, Yucatán, using qualitative methodology, with an ethnographic design with the approach of medical anthropology. We interviewed women who were in the process of receiving attention from childbirth and puerperal, family members and medical staff from the same institution.
Importancia del equilibrio ácido-base en la salud a partir de la alimentación
Authors: Bernardino Hernández Héctor Ulises , Zapién Martínez Arturo
Published: October 2021

Food and nutrition have become a topic of interest due to the multiple health problems related to diet that have developed in recent years. Eating correctly is not necessarily following a long list of prohibitions, it is only necessary to know which food can correctly fulfill the nutrients that the human body needs. The pH balance is fundamental to have an optimal health, because when there is an increase in acidity, the body activates different systems to protect healthy cells and tissues. However, an unbalanced diet causes an excessive acidity that the human body cannot neutralize, which alters the proper cell functioning. The present paper describes the relationship of the acid-base balance with nourishment and its possible effects on health
Obtención, separación y purificación de almidón a partir de Colocasia esculenta para su uso como excipiente en formas farmacéuticas
Authors: Reyes Velasco Leobardo , Pacheco Rodríguez Érick , Garnica Sánchez Asela , Cueva Villanueva José Ángel , Zapién Martínez Arturo
Published: October 2021

Taro (Colocasia esculenta) is a food grade product that has a considerable amount of starch, which offers great versatility of applications at low cost. It can be used in different types of industries and has many applications. In this paper the starch extracted from C. esculenta was used with the purpose of evaluating its binding capacity as an alternative to be used in the preparation of solid pharmaceutical forms (tablets) in comparison with potato starch. The starches extracted from taro and potato were tested for identity: percentage of humidity, pH and particle size; as well as rheological tests: flow velocity, resting angle, bulk density, compacted density and Hausner index. Tablets with taro starch and potatoes were made, to measure its hardness, weight, diameter, thickness and disintegration time. To establish the differences between the groups of tablets (taro, potato and commercial acetylsalicylic acid -Aspirin- as control), an ANOVA and Tukey post hoc test were performed. It is concluded that the starch extracted from the C. esculenta flour can be used as an excipient in the manufacture of tablets.
Control de calidad de plantas medicinales y su legislación sanitaria en México
Authors: Pérez Vásquez Araceli , Castuillejos Ramírez Erika Vivani , Pérez Herrera Jakziri Guadalupe
Published: October 2021

Mexico is a country with a long tradition in the consumption of medicinal plants. However, there is still a lot to do regarding its regulation and protection, since a huge number of plants used in traditional Mexican medicines are subject to an active national and international trade, thus constituting a highly demanding global market. In this context, the medicinal plants that constitute one part of herbal products -as raw materials- or the main part -with its raw material-, must undergo a rigorous assessing by using analytical techniques in compliance with the sanitary regulations in force, to establish their identity, purity and content. All these test procedures are the basis of quality control for herbal drugs. From a sustainability perspective, quality control is aimed to contribute to the conservation, management and use of endangered plant species or threatened species that have high commercial demand in the population.
Efecto analgésico de dos formas farmacéuticas tópicas con extracto de Lactuca sativa
Authors: Cabrera López Antony , Garnica Sánchez Asela , Reyes Velasco Leobardo , Sánchez Cruz Gabriel , Bernardino Hernández Héctor Ulises
Published: October 2021

Pain is a public health problem. Its pharmacological treatment is performed through conventional synthetic drugs (non-opioid analgesics and opioids), which have negative effects at the liver, gastric and renal levels. Less aggressive alternatives which use different plant species are under study. Lactuca sativa is a plant used as a popular remedy to treat insomnia, stomach problems, pain and inflammation. Its extracts have been evaluated pharmacologically as anticonvulsant, sedative-hypnotics and antioxidants, mainly in animal models. A study was carried out to evaluate the analgesic property of two topical pharmaceutical forms elaborated with Lactuca sativa extract, for the alternative treatment of patients with acute muscular pain. Through a randomized, controlled clinical trial, a cream and gel at 10% extract were evaluated. Pain was assessed using the modified Wong-Baker Facial Expression Scale at the beginning and end of treatment, as well as the degree of relief and adverse reactions. Both products are an alternative for the treatment of acute pain versus the use of conventional synthetic drugs.
Efecto antiinflamatorio de extractos etanólicos de Morinda citrifolia L. en conejos
Authors: Regino Álvarez Irma Cecilia , Ríos Vásquez María de la Luz , Bernardino Hernández Héctor Ulises , Zapién Martínez Arturo
Published: October 2021

Morinda citrifolia L. has multiple therapeutic properties, particularly as an anti-inflammatory. The species has been widely studied, however, it is necessary to expand studies to document the presence of secondary metabolites and the anti-inflammatory effect of its extracts in animal models. The objective of the present paper was to identify the secondary metabolites present in the ethanol extracts of leaves and fruit of Morinda citrifolia L. collected in the community of San José Rio Manso, municipality of Lalana Choapam, Oaxaca, as well as the evaluation of its anti-inflammatory effect in rabbits. Ethanol extracts were obtained from the green and mature leaves, as well as the juice of the fruit. Green leaf extract gels were prepared and used in a completely randomized experiment in rabbits. The presence of alkaloids, leucoantacionins, amino acids, coumarins, cardiotonics, flavonoids, terpenes and tannins was identified. The 0.5% extract was more efficient at reducing the inflamed area by 55.6% compared to 28.6% of the control, 48 hours after the induction of inflammation. No signs of adverse reactions due to the use of the pharmaceutical forms evaluated were observed.
Los ecos de las violencias silenciadas: anotaciones decoloniales para una lectura de las violencias de género en universidades públicas
Authors: Magaña González Claudia Rocío , Santana Cárdenas Soraya , Marín Arriola Isabel Cristina
Published: October 2021

In the last thirty years, violence in Mexico has intensified both in its manifestations and as a normalized experience. In this sense it is considered a sociological phenomenon present in daily life and in all representative human spaces: family, work, and educational institutions, of course. From a decolonial gender perspective, from two experiences, we want to make visible the kinds of violence lived in academic contexts and inside the university, to debate about: first, the role of universities as producers and reproducers of gender inequality in power relations (gender coloniality); and second, universities as a space in which questions about violence within begin to emerge and to weave relationships based on sorority, solidarity, resistance and resilience of women in day to day life. That is to say, a space of counter-resistance, counter-hegemony and decolonial inflection on what is naturalized and assumed; in this case, gender violence inside institutionalized spaces where colonialism, heteropatriarchy and capitalism of know-how predominate.
Discriminación y violencia sexualizada en las instituciones de educación superior en Alemania. Estrategias de intervención y desafíos persistentes
Authors: Damm Nadja
Published: October 2021

Sexual Discrimination and Violence (SDV) is a relevant problem in college-level institutions all around the world. According to a European study carried out in 2012, in Germany 54.7% of all female university students faced sexual harassment, and 3.3% were victims of sexual violence. Responding to this problem, German universities have introduced mechanisms of prevention, intervention and sanction, meanwhile feminist activists have developed their own strategies to raise awareness about the problem, to intervene, and to support each other.

This paper presents the main data about SDV in college-level institutions in Germany and the diverse strategies and measures developed to confront SDV (with a focus on guidelines and their legal basis). It sums up the steps already taken and the ongoing challenges on the way to achieve a higher education system free from discrimination and sexual violence, that allows all of its members to freely develop their knowledge, competencies and personality.
El sesgo patriarcal del conocimiento
Authors: Favela Calvillo Mariana
Published: October 2021

No periodization is ever neutral, much less the dominant perspectives on how history is interpreted. Our forms of knowledge imply a patriarchal bias that constitutes a form of reductionism in at least two senses: first, the tendency to reduce the totality of human history to what I call the patriarchal horizon, and which is but the last breath of a much longer and complex story; and second, even within the patriarchal horizon, this kind of blindness tends to fade out the role of women and their contributions in any field. The bias gradually becomes a canon, it seems natural and goes unnoticed. This paper discusses the depatriarchalization of knowledge and the study of long history, both understood as indispensable strategies for the political struggle of women and the elimination of gender-generic systems of oppression.
Lectura en voz alta y narración en lenguas indígenas
Authors: Córdova Hernández Lorena
Published: October 2021

This paper describes some experiences

obtained in the Reading Aloud Workshop for the

Zapotec region of Yautepec, Oaxaca (2017), whose

goal was to support an indigenous education

teachers group with the socialization of the reading

aloud technique in dizdea language (Zapotec).

Specifically, the use of this literary practice to

develop transactional reading and to reactivate the

oral storytelling tradition in endangered indigenous

languages. The description presents three axes:

writing, reading and oral storytelling, which are

considered integral elements —but not the only ones—

in the promotion and revitalization of indigenous

languages from written or alphabetic supports
Hacer cosas sin palabras.El “silencio comunicativo” en contextos interculturales
Authors: Valtierra Zamudio Jorge
Published: October 2021

This paper aims to understand “silence”,

its illocutionary force, its effects on the perception of

oneself, and on the construction of the discourse on the

other in multi/intercultural contexts, from topics that

have been elaborated in the philosophy of language,

such as speech acts and conversational cooperative

principles, including some interculturalism issues. From

my doctoral research (2013), a record of ethnographic

information in Tojolabal communities is presented,

as well as a conversational and conceptual analysis

intended to contribute to the sociology of language,

mainly on communicative silence in intercultural

contexts, as a way to discern the communicative and

sociocultural force which the communicative silence

and other factors of everyday life entail. A series of

proposals to comprehend intercultural communication

processes will be presented, based on the analysis of

intercultural contexts, defined as such, not only by

linguistic diversity, but also by ideology and context.
Los soportes multimedia en la revitalización lingüística: una experiencia
Authors: Flores Farfán José Antonio
Published: October 2021

In this contribution, we'll briefly review the

synergistic relation between different types of media

(e.g. digital) in contemporary contexts as strategies

to strengthen native languages, a project that the

Acervo Digital de Lenguas Indígenas (ADLI-CIESAS)

has developed for over two decades, promoting

reading and oral expression in native languages via

a multimedia and multimodal approach, resulting in

more effective and affective forms of revitalization,

maintenance and linguistic and cultural development.

Over the years, the project has developed and

continues to develop successful revitalization paths in

an ever-threatening language context, a bastion of this

being the collaborative work with intercultural groups

of researchers, activists, artists and educators, among

others, in diverse regions in Mexico. These include the

Maya region in the Yucatan Peninsula, more recently

the Baja California Peninsula, with Yuman languages,

such as Pai Pai and Kumiay, and even North American

languages -e.g. Fox, Ojibwe-, the Nahuas of different

regions and Mixtecs of Oaxaca and Guerrero, Huave

of Oaxaca, Hñahñu of Hidalgo, and others niches of

opportunity in these and other indigenous enclaves,

together with developing language revalorization

work for mainstream society.
Santa María Ixcatlán y la lengua xjuani
Authors: Teodocio Olivares Amador
Published: October 2021

Xula or Ixcatlán is located in the Cañada region

and it is a municipality of Teotitlán de Flores Magón, in the

state of Oaxaca. There is not much information about this

village's origin; however, there is evidence that shows that

it was settled before the arrival of the Spaniards. Ixcatlán

is an indigenous village with a population of approximately

573 people. In this village there are 6 elders that continue

to use the Ixcatec language, but the rest of the townsfolk

speak only Spanish; for them the Ixcatec language is no

longer a language of communication. The decrease of

Ixcatec language speakers has three main causes: the

decline of inhabitants during the sixteenth century, the

migration away from the village in different decades of

the twentieth century, and imposition of the Spanish

language by the Mexican rural schools since the 40's. The

Ixcatec language is one of four languages of the Popolocan

linguistic family of the Otomanguean stock. Ixcatec share

certain linguistic characteristics with other Otomanguean

languages, for example, it has tones, nasalized vowels

and glottalized vowels, and the canonical word order is:

verb + subject + object. Due to its endangered status and

its linguistic characteristics, this language holds a great

interest to government agencies, academic institutions

and independent linguistic activists, which, aiming to

strengthen the Ixcatec language, have implemented

various documentation, teaching and linguistic awareness

projects.
El discurso y la práctica en la tutoría entre colegas
Authors: Huerta Córdova Vilma , Clemente Olmos María de los Ángeles
Published: October 2021

This paper, based on a study carried out with

students of the B.A. program in language teaching of

the Language School of the "Benito Juárez" Autonomous

University of Oaxaca, reflects on how linear and

conservative discourses continue to be reproduced

within the classroom, in spite of peer tutoring (a

cooperative methodology based on diversity, dialogue,

and the students' intervening capacity, in which basically

a student -the tutor- prepares himself conceptually and

methodologically to teach a school subject to another

student -the tutee), limited and traditionalist discourses

are still recreated. For this paper, we analyzed the data

generated by two peer tutorial practice sessions carried

put by the students, as well as our semi-structured

interviews with those same students regarding their

tutorial experience. In the first tutorial, we interviewed

the tutee who received support from the tutor in relation

to her (the tutee’s) English language class. In the second

tutorial, we interviewed the tutor who offered help to a

tutee on understanding different types of curricula. The

findings of the study pointed out how we acknowledge

our educative responsibility in the formation of our

students as future teachers; how we must accept

that cooperative methodologies do not always act

as expected and run the risk of reproducing vertical

schemes; and how we need research-oriented tools that

will allow a deeper awareness of what happens when

students put cooperative mechanisms into practice, as a

way to avoid romanticizing cooperation.
Lingüística aplicada crítica y multilectoescrituras: dos lentes incluyentes para la realidad multilingüe e intercultural de México
Authors: López Gopar Mario Enrique , Sughrua William , León Jiménez Edwin Nazaret
Published: October 2021

The goal of this paper is to present two

theoretical concepts: critical applied linguistics and

multiliteracies. It is argued that these two concepts can

provide a theoretical framework where the intercultural

and multilingual situation of Mexico and the social

practices of vulnerable groups, such as indigenous

groups, can be seen in a positive light, as opposed to

the deficit models regularly used to see these groups.

First, a succinct historical account of applied linguistics is

presented, concluding this section with the description

of critical applied linguistics. Then, the concept of

multiliteracies is presented, focusing on the notions of

multimodality and design. The paper concludes making

connections between critical applied linguistics and

multiliteracies with the cultural situation of Mexico.
Las TIC como auxiliares lingüístico-didácticos en educación indígena
Authors: Galindo LLaguno Salvador
Published: October 2021

This paper roughly describes the

achievements and failures in pedagogical attention

that the Mexican indigenous groups have received

through several projects and institutions, as well as

the Secretariat of Public Education, facing the lack of

their own didactic supplies and didactic intervention

materials developed through Information and

Communication Technologies (ICT). Afterward, ICT are

presented as a learning tool to achieve an intercultural

and bilingual education through the use of two types

of educational software and a mobile application, as

a result of an emerging process of linguistic research

and documentation with the participation of a

multidisciplinary group of professionals and native

speakers of the different languages from the state of

Oaxaca, Mexico.

Lastly, as something worth considering, a series of

recommendations for the design and insertion of ICT

in the plans and programs of study of the modality of

indigenous education in Mexico is presented, along

with the urging of producing multimedia educational

materials with linguistic and cultural diversity

approaches.
Engaging in Testimonio as a walk through el laberinto (the labyrinth) of higher education: Releasing, receiving and returning to the field with deeper purpose
Authors: Pour-Khorshid Farima , Machado-Casas Margarita , Talati Katherine , Gomez Diana , Castillo Guillermo
Published: October 2021

Latinx first-generation college graduates often experience a myriad of structural, emotional, financial and academic barriers while navigating higher education as undergraduate and graduate students and later, if they become faculty members. While many studies have documented these struggles within the field, the political, methodological and pedagogical praxis of testimonio has been used to reflect on and document these struggles in ways that give the authors agency in retelling and reclaiming their experiences of marginalization and resistance. In this paper, the authors build on the metaphor of a labyrinth to describe how higher education can often feel similar to a maze-like path to navigate, yet, the spiritual and reflective practice of labyrinth- walking involves three stages of soul development which can also be experienced through testimonio: releasing, receiving and returning to oneself
STEM access for Latina bilingual teacher candidates: Discrimination en la educación How do informal programs motivate women to pursue STEM related
Authors: Machado-Casas Margarita , Talati Katherine , Baron Ana
Published: October 2021

The lack of proper representation of women of color in the field of bilingual science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) is a crucial matter when addressing the needs of the US as a country moving toward diversity and inclusion. The research project represented in this paper investigates and addresses the need for teacher preparation courses that will adequately set up their bilingual preservice teachers to enter into the field with the proper background experiences to engage their future students in STEM related lessons. Findings reveal the negative ideologies related to gender bias found in teacher education, the importance of STEM related women empowerment, and how those vested in STEM education must continue to debunk the impostor syndrome felt by students in STEM related fields. Despite the challenges present for women in bilingual teacher preparation programs in STEM, we must continue to create sanctuaries where students of color can thrive in environments that are conducive to their unique experiences and fulfill their learning needs in STEM.