bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hubungan Kecemasan Terhadap Sikap Masyarakat Di Era New Normal Covid-19
Authors: Mustari Dewi Sartika , Fitriani Fitriani , Sari Mayang
Published: December 2021

Corona virus Disease 19 atau biasa disingkat dengan Covid-19 merupakan virus yang menginfeksi sistem pernafasan dan bisa menyebabkan kematian. Akibatnya virus ini timbul kecemasan di masyarakat, terutama Ketika ada potensi tertular yang tinggi dan potensi kematian yang terus menigkat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan kecemasan dengan sikap masyarakat di era new normal Covid-19. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain penelitian cross sectional.yang dilaksanakan bulan Mei-Juni 2021 di masyarakat Desa Galesong Baru Takalar, jumlah sampel 97 responden dengan teknik sampling yaitu probability sampling dan dianalisa secara chi square. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa masyarakat yang cemas 29,9% dan bersikap kurang baik sebanyak 70,1% dalam menyikapi covid-19. Dengan p value 0,000 < α 0,05 sehingga disimpulkan bahwa ada hubungan kecemasan dengan sikap masyarakat di era new normal covid-19. Kata Kunci: kecemasan; sikap; Covid-19The Relationship Of Anxiety With Community Attitude In The New Normal Era Of Covid-19 In The Village AreaAbstractCorona virus Disease 19 is a virus that infects the respiratory system and can cause death. As a result, this virus raises anxiety in the community, especially when there is a high potential for infection and the potential for death continues to increase. This study was aimed to determine the relationship between anxiety and people's attitudes in the new normal era of Covid-19. This research was a quantitative study with a cross sectional research design. It was conducted in May-June 2021 in the community of Galesong Baru Takalar Village, the number of samples was 97 respondents with a sampling technique, namely probability sampling and analyzed by chi square. The results show that 29.9% of people are anxious and 70.1% are not good at responding to COVID-19. With a p value of 0.000 < 0.05, it can be concluded that there is a relationship between anxiety and people's attitudes in the new normal era of covid-19. Keywords: anxiety; attitude; Covid-19
Pengaruh Pemberian Daun Kelor Terhadap Penurunan Tekanan Darah Pada Penderita Hipertensi Lansia Selama Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Riniasih Wahyu , Hapsari Wahyu Dewi
Published: December 2021

Hipertensi menjadi salah satu penyakit yang menjadi faktor risiko terbesar kematian. Hipertensi menjadi penyakit penyerta yang banyak di temukan pada penderita COVID-19. Sekitar 15% kasus hipertensi yang terdapat pada pasien COVID-19 dan kejadian hipertensi mayoritas terjadi pada usia lansia  sebesar 54,60%.  Diperlukan suatu tindakan non farmakologi untuk menurunkan tekanan darah salah satunya dengan daun kelor. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian daun kelor terhadap penurunan tekanan darah pada penderita hipertensi lansia selama masa pandemi covid -19 di Kabupaten Grobogan. Metode penelitian kuantitatif dengan rancangan  quasy eksperimen with control group design. Pengambilan sampel adalah non probability sampling dengan teknik qouta sampling (Judgement Sampling). Hasil diperoleh rata rata penurunan tekanan darah sistole adalah 16,00 dan hasil signifikansi dari perbedaan  didapatkan r (0,000) < α (0,05). rata-rata penurunan tekanan darah diastole adalah 14,33 dengan  hasil signifikansi dari perbedaan  didapatkan r (0,000) < α (0,05) yang artinya ada pengaruh pemberian daun kelor terhadap penurunan tekanan darah. Simpulan terdapat perbedaan penurunan tekanan darah pada kelompok perlakuan dan kelompok kontrol pada lansia hipertensi di kabupaten Grobogan.Kata Kunci : hipertensi; lansia; daun kelorThe Effect Of  Moringa Oleifera  Leaf  On  Blood Pressure Reduction In Elderly With Hypertension Patients  During The Covid-19 PandemicsAbstractHypertension is one of the diseases that are the biggest risk factor for death. Hypertension is a comorbid disease that is often found in patients with COVID-19. About 15% of hypertension cases found in COVID-19 patients and the majority of hypertension cases occurred in the elderly at 54.60%. A non-pharmacological action is needed to lower blood pressure, one of which is Moringa Oleifera leaves. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of giving Moringa Oleifera leaves on reducing blood pressure in elderly hypertensive patients during the COVID-19 pandemic in Grobogan Regency. Quantitative research method was used with a quasi-experimental design control group design. The sampling technique was Non Probability Sampling with Qouta Sampling technique (Judgement Sampling). The results obtained that the average decrease in systolic blood pressure was 16.00 and the significance of the difference was  (0.000) (0.05). The average decrease in diastolic blood pressure was 14.33 with the results of the significance of the difference obtained (0.000) (0.05) which means that there is an effect of giving Moringa Oleifera leaves to decrease blood pressure. In conclusion, there are differences in blood pressure reduction in the treatment group and the control group in the elderly with hypertension in Grobogan district. Keywords: hypertension, elderly, moringa leaf.
Analisa Pengetahuan Masyarakat Tentang Penggunaan Disinfektan Terhadap Sikap Pencegahan Penyebaran COVID-19
Authors: Sofiana Eni Marlina , Nekada Cornelia Dede Yoshima , Amestiasih Tia
Published: December 2021

Masyarakat merupakan salah satu elemen penting yang memiliki peran sebagai agen perubahan. Hadirnya masyarakat dalam bidang pencegahan penyebaran COVID-19 ini maka diharapkan dapat memiliki tingkat pengetahuan dan sikap pencegahan yang baik di suatu wilayah tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa pengetahuan masyarakat tentang penggunaan disinfektan terhadap sikap pencegahan penyebaran COVID-19 di Dusun 05 Tanjung Asri Braja Emas Way Jepara Lampung Timur. Metode yang digunakan yaitu kuantitatif, dengan desain penelitian cross sectional, pendekatan deskriptif analitik. Populasi  sebanyak 87 responden. Instrumen menggunakan kuisioner dan dianalisis menggunakan uji Somers’D. Hasil ditunjukan pengetahuan responden tentang penggunaan disinfektan sebagian besar dalam kategori cukup. Sikap pencegahan penyebaran COVID-19 sebagian besar dalam kategori negatif. Hasil uji bivariat dengan p value 0,010 yang artinya ada hubungan tingkat pengetahuan masyarakat tentang penggunaan disinfektan terhadap sikap pencegahan penyebaran COVID-19 didusun 05 Tanjung Asri Braja Emas Way Jepara Lampung Timur. Kata kunci: pengetahuan;,sikap; desinfektan; pencegahan penyebaran covid-19The Relationship Between Community’s  Knowledge Levels  About The Use Of  Disinfectants  And Attitudes Towards  Covid-19 Spread  PreventionAbstractSociety is one important element that has a role as an agent of change. The presence of the community in the field of preventing the spread of COVID-19 is expected to have a good level of knowledge and prevention attitudes in an area. This study was aimed to analyze public knowledge about the use of disinfectants to prevent the spread of COVID-19 in Dusun 05 Tanjung Asri Braja Emas Way Jepara, East Lampung.  The method used was quantitative, with a cross sectional research design, analytical descriptive approach. The population was 87 respondents. The instrument used a questionnaire and analyzed using the Somers'D test. The results show that the respondents' knowledge of the use of disinfectants is mostly in the sufficient category. Attitudes to prevent the spread of COVID-19 are mostly in the negative category. The results of the bivariate test with a p value of 0.010 which means that there is a relationship between the level of public knowledge about the use of disinfectants to the attitude of preventing the spread of COVID-19 in the 05 Tanjung Asri Braja Emas Village, Way Jepara, East Lampung. Keywords: knowledge; attitude; disinfectant; prevention of the spread of covid-19
Gerakan 1000 Hari Pertama Kehidupan Mencegah Terjadinya Stunting pada Anak Usia 0-59 Bulan di Kabupaten Dharmasraya
Authors: Saputri Ningsih , Husna Husna
Published: December 2021

ABSTRAKStunting merupakan salah satu indikator masalah gizi yang menjadi fokus Global Scaling Up Nutrition (SUN) Movement pada 1000 Hari Pertama Kehidupan (HPK) Jumlah status gizi di Indonesia yang mengalami Stunting pada tahun 2007 sekitar 36,8%, tahun 2013 mengalami kenaikan sekitar 37, 2%, pada tahun 2018 mengalami penurunan sekitar 30,8% tetapi tidak mengalami penurunan yang signifikan. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk melihat Gerakan 1000 HPK mencegah terjadinya stunting pada anak usia 0-59 bulan. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan kuantitatif dengan desain case control dan tekhnik pengambilan sampel purposive sampling. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan bulan Juni-Juli di Puskesmas Sitiung I Kabupaten Dharmasraya. Analisa penelitian dilakukan dengan uji chi square. Hasil menunjukkan hubungan dalam kejadian stunting adalah konsumsi tablet FE dengan p_value 0,003, Asi Eksklusif dengan p_value 0,020, MP-ASI dengan p_value 0,020, pola asuh dengan p_value 0,000.Kata kunci: stunting; konsumsi tablet Fe; anak usia 0-59 bulan ABSTRACTStunting is one indicator of nutritional problems that is the focus of the Global Scaling up Nutrition (SUN) Movement in the First 1000 Days of Life (HPK). in 2018 experienced a decrease of around 30.8% but did not experience a significant decrease. The purpose of this study was to observe the 1000 HPK Movement to prevent stunting in children aged 0-59 months. This research method uses quantitative with case control design and purposive sampling technique. This research was conducted in June-July at Sitiung I District Health Center, Dharmasraya Regency. The research analysis was carried out by using the chi square test. The results showed that the relationship in the incidence of stunting was the consumption of FE tablets with a p_value of 0.003, exclusive breastfeeding with a p_value of 0.020, complementary feeding with a p_value of 0.020, parenting with a p_value of 0.000.Keywords: stunting; consumption of Fe tablets; children aged 0-59 months
Manfaat Pijat Oketani dan Teknik Menyusui terhadap Derajat Putting Susu Lecet
Authors: Sari Dewi Mayang , Puryati Puryati , Nurhayati Susi
Published: December 2021

ABSTRAK Faktor penyebab utama kejadian puting susu lecet adalah teknik menyusui, perawatan payudara, monoliasis pada mulut bayi, putting susu terpapar zat iritan, serta lidah bayi yang pendek sehingga mengalami nipple crack.Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui manfaat pijat oketani dan teknik menyusui terhadap derajat putting susu lecet. Metode menggunakan desain quasi exsperimen dengan pendekatan Non equivalent control group design. Populasi adalah semua ibu menyusui dengan putting susu lecet dengan sampel 20 orang yang dianalisa  secara univariate dan bivariant dengan instrument lembar observasi derajat putting susu lecet. Hasil menunjukan ada pengaruh pijat oketani dan tehnik menyusui pada kelompok intervensi  dengan  p value 0,004,  kelompok kontrol dengan p value 0,000. Dan tidak ada perbedaan efektifitas pijat oketani dan teknik menyusui yang benar dengan kejadian putting susu lecet dengan  p value 0,830. Kata kunci : pijat oketani;  teknik menyusui; putting susu lecet; ibu menyusui  ABSTRACTThe main factors causing the occurrence of nipple blister are breastfeeding techniques, breast care, monoliasis in the baby's mouth, nipples are exposed to irritants, and the baby's tongue is short so that he experiences nipple crack. The purpose of this study was to determine the benefits of oketani massage and breastfeeding techniques on the degree of sore nipples. Method used a quasy-experimental design with a non-equivalent control group design approach. The population was all breastfeeding mothers with nipple blister with a sample of 20 people who were analyzed univariately and bivariantly with an instrument of observation sheet on the degree of nipple blister. The results showed that there was an effect of Oketani massage and breastfeeding technique on the intervention group with p value 0.004, control group with p value 0.000. And there is no difference in the effectiveness of oketani massage and correct breastfeeding technique with the incidence of sore nipples with a p value of 0.830.Keywords: oketani massage; breastfeeding technique; sore nipples; breastfeeding mothers
ACCOUNTING LAW IN THE REPUBLIC OF BULGARIA - SITUATION, PROBLEMS AND DECISIONS
Authors: Pancheva Stanislava
Published: December 2021

The scientific research examines the productions included in the new Accounting Law adopted in 2015 and their impact on reporting in the Republic of Bulgaria. To this end, the requirements for current accounting and accounting systems in enterprises, for accounting documents and accounting information, for inventory of assets and liabilities have been studied; to the storage of accounting information; to the application of the financial reporting base; to the content and preparation of the financial statements, the activity reports and the payment reports to the governments of the enterprises and groups of enterprises; to conducting the independent financial audit and the publicity of the financial statements, the activity reports and the payment reports to the governments of the enterprises and groups of enterprises, as well as to the heads of the different types of enterprises. In addition, the scope of the entities applying the requirements of the Accounting Act and the principles according to which they evaluate and recognize the positions presented in the financial statements have been analyzed. The positive aspects of the new Accountancy Act and its weaknesses are also outlined. On this basis, concrete solutions to the identified problems were proposed, signaling to the legislator the need for adequate timely legislative changes in the following more significant directions:First. To eliminate the identified gaps and to resolve the discussion issues in the texts of the Accounting Act in force, as well as in the whole accounting legislation in order to achieve a high degree of synchronization with the requirements of the applicable accounting standards and the European Union, as well as high quality accounting information created for management and external data users.Second. To regulate through appropriate legal texts the activity and its accounting treatment in micro, small and medium-sized enterprises, which are the majority of the enterprises in the Republic of Bulgaria.Third. To carry out in-depth research in the field of accounting practices and standardization of accounting in other countries of the European Union and beyond, in order to select and apply in Bulgaria the best practices and experiences.Without claiming comprehensiveness and comprehensiveness, the present scientific work aims to draw attention to the outstanding issues in the current Accounting Act with a view to their faster effective resolution.
DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION OF THE TOURIST INDUSTRY
Authors: Bencheva Nelly , Manevsky Nikola
Published: December 2021

Bulgaria has huge potential to develop the tourism sector, which already accounts for about 13% of our gross domestic product and has been raised by the government in the national priority as a structure-defining one. In Bulgaria, 335 thousand are employed in tourism and related economic activities, which is almost 11% of all employed in 2017 - more than the international indicators. Over the last three years, the trend of record growth in the whole history of Bulgarian tourism has been steadily established. According to NSI data for the first seven months of 2018, nearly 5.3 million foreign tourists choose Bulgaria as a tourist destination, or almost 7% more than in the same period of 2017. Digital transformation is the process of using digital technologies to create new — or modify existing — business processes, culture, and customer experiences to meet changing business and market requirements. This reimagining of business in the digital age is digital transformation . It transcends traditional roles like sales, marketing, and customer service. Instead, digital transformation begins and ends with how you think about, and engage with, customers. As we move from paper to spreadsheets to smart applications for managing our business, we have the chance to reimagine how we do business — how we engage our customers — with digital technology on our side.The prevailing view is that successful digital transformation depends on changes in strategy, leadership and organizational culture, as well as on the peculiarities of the production and services that companies offer.The purpose of the report is to clarify the nature of digital transformation and the prerequisites for its implementation in the tourism industry, to study the national policy regarding digital transformation in tourism, to analyze the practical steps in this direction and to outline trends in the development of the tourism industry. To achieve this, the authors review publications of researchers and consulting companies on the nature of digital transformation, as well as justify its need for implementation in the travel industry. A number of documents, strategies, reports of the Ministry of Tourism have been studied, as well as materials from conferences, seminars, round tables, discussions and other forums on the transformation of the tourism industry.In the report, we tried to clarify the key concept of digital transformation, to identify the prerequisites for it in the tourism sector, as well as, based on our own research, to discover some real first steps at national level. The change begins in this period, it takes organizational culture, competence, strategy, leadership, partnership and hard work at all levels to achieve a real digital transformation of the tourism industry.
THE ROLE OF COMMUNITY IN RURAL TOURISM DEVELOPMENT AND ECONOMIC IMPACT
Authors: Kuqi Bekë , Shabani Halit , Hasanaj Petrit
Published: December 2021

Local communities around the world are increasingly looking for the ways to be more active in local government and participate in the managing of their local resources. For a region to become a destination for rural tourism and economic development, there must be structured network and collaborative agreements between public sector and private sector actors. The involvement of the community is a key part of tourism and policies decisions. If the decisionsare not made in consultation with the local community during the project phase regarding tourism development in a region, the implementation will be impossible. It is much more vital to identify and involve key stakeholders in the project phase.By enabling the wide participation of different stakeholders in the decision-making process, including the local community, it enables the acquisition new knowledge about other stakeholders, the acquisition of new skills and the exchange of brilliant ideas in rural tourism development and economic impact, which, in turn, fosters and understanding of regional problems and enables exploration of new and innovative solutions in rural tourism development.Rural tourism development is an important part of the economic development and incremental of the country economy in this case of the Peja region. Whether there is sufficient potential for rural tourism development we should evaluate the natural, cultural and socio-historical resources in that country.Peja region has very good opportunities for rural tourism development because it is a place with history, tradition and culture in tourism development, especially rural tourism, because it has many resources.
THE QUALITY STANDARD FOR MULTIMEDIA CONTENT IN E-EDUCATION ON THE EXAMPLE OF HIGHER EDUCATION IN BIH
Authors: Tomić Siniša , Drljača Dalibor , Grujić Igor
Published: December 2021

Today, more than ever, it is necessary to standardize the electronic teaching content, to set quality standards and to separate quality from bad content. Higher education institutions must take an active role in the development and use of information technologies in teaching processes. The central research topic in this paper is the empirical research, where the collected primary quantitative data is stored in the corresponding database and further analyzed. This paper examines the effects and inductive character of the multimedia concept of electronic education in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The research was conducted on students of the higher years of studies at various higher education institutions in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The knowledge, experience and skills that students acquire are the most merits and relevant results of the e-learning implementation. In order to achieve good results, it is necessary to create an adequate online learning environment and, if possible, to personalize it. Unfortunately, the non-standardization of multimedia content and of the process of delivering electronic content reduces the effects of such teaching. This problem is expressed everywhere in the World, and so with us. Higher education institutions must accept and even design new e-learning models in order to meet the needs of users for this type of teaching and learning.The target population in this research were students of higher years of study at various higher education institutions in Bosnia and Herzegovina, where electronic education was represented. An additional requirement was that universities have implemented Distance Learning systems providing free and unrestricted access to the target population. The idea was that the students of the first year of graduate studies do not enter the research, as they hypothetically do not yet have established a critical opinion about the field of interest of this research, which would probably adversely affect the quality of the obtained results. The empirical research was conducted through a questionnaire (period: October 2016 - January 2017), where primary quantitative data were collected, compiled into an appropriate database and further analysed.
ENTREPRENEURSHIP EDUCATION IN THE NATIONAL CURRICULUM FOR PRIMARY LEVEL IN BULGARIA
Authors: Delinesheva Magdanela
Published: December 2021

The aim of this paper is to explore how entrepreneurship education is addressed in the national curriculum for primary school in Bulgaria. It makes a comparative analysis of the legal and policy documents on education in force during the period from 2000 to 2015 and after the adoption of the Pre-school and School Education Act in 2015. The purpose of this analysis is to study the evolution of the concept of entrepreneurship education in Bulgarian education system and gain a better understanding of its theoretical grounding, objectives and learning outcomes as stipulated in the national general education curriculum and syllabuses. The analysis examines whether and how these documents address competences related to entrepreneurship and general economic knowledge. In order to avoid confusion and ensure terminological consistency, a brief overview of the wide and narrow understandings of entrepreneurship education is provided in the beginning. The documents included in the analysis are the laws on education and the regulations establishing the state educational requirements and standards on the curriculum and the educational content together with the enclosed syllabuses for subjects containing topics and concepts related to economics, entrepreneurship, financial literacy and professions for grades 1 to 4. The main subjects discussed are Technology and Entrepreneurship and its predecessor Domestic Lifestyle and Technologies. The educational standards and the syllabuses are analysed from the perspective of their objectives and the learning outcomes expected to be attained by the students at the end of the primary level, each of the grades and within the above topic areas. In addition, they are reviewed in order to verify whether the learning outcomes in terms of knowledge, skills and attitudes identified for each topic area are compatible to those in the standards and to what extent the progression between the grades is ensured. Special emphasis is given to the impact of the national lifelong learning strategies on the advancement of entrepreneurship education in the period under review. The findings of this analysis are used to substantiate the current curriculum framework for entrepreneurship education at primary level in Bulgaria. They also highlight the process of gradual integration of entrepreneurship within the area of technology education as a result of which a new compulsory subject Technologies and Entrepreneurship was introduced. Thus, entrepreneurship education has become part of the general curriculum in Bulgaria. Alongside with technological competences, the subject aims at developing the key competence of initiative and entrepreneurship. Based on the overall findings, conclusions are drawn regarding the theoretical foundations of entrepreneurship education as well as the factors which have influenced the process of its infusion into the Bulgarian education system.
FUNCTIONAL DEPENDENCE OF LASER POWER AND LAYUP SPEED FOR AUTOMATIC FIBRE PLACEMENT TEMPERATURE CONTROL
Authors: Cvetkoska Dijana , Kochoski Filip
Published: December 2021

Automated Fiber Placement (AFP) is a relatively new technology that has revolutionized the production of composite structures in the aerospace and space industries for more than two decades and is nowadays increasingly used in new industries such as the wind energy. Generally, the AFP machine consists of an automatic manipulator (robot) on which a layup head is fixed for laying multiple individual composite strips at once (certainly not excluding the possibility of laying a single wider tape when it comes to Automatic Tape Placement). The layup process is performed on a mandrel or tool with a certain geometric shape. The laying head should at least include a feeder, a cutting mechanism, a compaction mechanism (usually roller) and a certain type of heater (depending on the material type). Conventionally, three types of composite materials are used in combination with AFP technology: continuous fibers reinforced with thermoset resin (usually epoxy resin), same continuous fibers reinforced with thermoplastic resin as well as bonded continuous carbon fibers. Depending on the type of material this technology uses various types of heat sources in order to achieve a good adhesion to the individual fibers that are deposited in the laying process and the pre-laid composite layers. Thermoplastic pre-impregnated material requires high temperature to reach degree of melting of the resin used to achieve complete 'welding' with the previous layers. The melting temperature varies for different materials and ranges from 130°C to 200°C for low melting thermoplastics (such as Polyamide PA and Polypropylene PP), 280°C to 350°C for Polypropylene Sulfide (PPS) up to 400°C - 450oC for Polyether Ether Ketone (PEEK). For more than two decades, hot gas torches have been used for thermoplastic layup - not a very expensive system but very difficult to control. One of the newer sources of heat close to infrared radiation (λ = 0.9-1.1 μm) is diode laser heating. This research presents a simple thermal model of the process which correlates the heater power and the layup speed with the temperature of the heating area. The deposition temperature was measured over a range of heater powers and layup speeds. The experimental data is used to define and validate a thermal model for thermoplastic material used in conjunction with a diode laser: carbon fibre reinforced thermoplastics PEEK. This enables open-loop, speed dependent heater power control, based on defining and programming the speed dependent heater power function in the machine controls. Obtained functional dependency was implemented in the AFP machine control system and tested for production of several plates with different layup angles. The achieved temperature during layup process is monitored on the thermal camera and through several pyrometers.
THE CONSEQUENCES OF THE NATO BOMBARDING OF THE REPUBLIC OF SERBIA ON HUMAN HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Šmelcerović Miodrag , Stošić Lazar
Published: December 2021

The aim of this paper is to warn all these people about the harmfulness of the 1999 bombing of the Republic of Serbia by ammunition with depleted uranium, many of which have contracted cancer and died. According to a NATO report, 31,000 depleted uranium missiles were delivered, according to the Yugoslav Army, there were 50,000 of them, and according to some Russian sources, as many as 90,000. Recall that the half-life of uranium U238 is 4.5 billion years. Special and extremely hard alloy missiles containing depleted uranium are usually arrows about 30 centimeters long. When striking a tank armor or bunker wall, the projectile develops a high temperature - about 1,200 degrees - which helps it to pass through the obstacle almost without resistance, further sharpening it. And when it passes through it, the uranium burns to the end and thus enhances the destructive effect of, for example, burning a tank of fuel in a tank or ammunition in it. Immediately after combustion, a rapid cooling begins and the formation of radioactive dust, ie aerosols, of micron particles that enter the body most often by inhalation.These fields have been decontaminated, and the presence of depleted uranium in the environment has not been determined, according to the IAEA. What hit us in 1999 and how long we would feel the effects of the bombing, the "Merciful Angel" or "Black Devil", as many Serbs would call him, since he came to the Balkans, he has unrest. And now, after 20 years, we can still, as experts say, feel its consequences, and worst of all, as they say, our children, grandchildren, great-grandchildren will probably feel it.
THE ROLE OF THE MEDICAL NURSE IN THE CARE AND TREATMENT OF PATIENTS IN INTENSIVE CARE
Authors: Ristova Grofina , Koceva Tamara , Panova Gordana
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Intensive care is an expensive medical procedure or third, fourth and fifth level of health care that is performed on a patient after resuscitation and re-establishment of cardiac arrest, severe trauma, more complex surgery, and the patient's conscious state in a specially equipped facility. wards - in the hospital wards and the emergency medicine clinic. Contemporary Intensive Care Medicine deals with the treatment of the most difficult patients or "critical conditions at risk of life and those who currently stabilize vital functions but may at any time deteriorate.The purpose of this paper is to present the care, education and treatment of patients in an intensive room at Acibadem Sistina Hospital.During the period (2014-2018)Materials and methods: Archived data from Acibadem Sistina Clinical Hospital - in the intensive care unit. Data on total number of patients in the intensive care unit over a period of 5 years (2014-2018): Consulted part of the staff: nurses, anesthesiologists, physiotherapists and doctors who have excellent knowledge and experience with severely ill patients, and the data obtained are presented graphically, tabularly and numerically.Results and Discussion: Data obtained from the Acibadem Sistina Hospital in the Intensive Care Unit Skopje show that over the years the number of patients in the intensive care unit is increasing, in 2018 the number of these patients is the highest and 81 while women there are 42 and men 39, which is a large number for a private hospital. In previous years the number was lower and in 2015 there were 40 patients out of which 26 were men and 14 were women. the treatment and care of these patients besides being very attentive, with protective equipment since such patients can easily become infected due to low immunity, the patients themselves require the care of a professional team and trained nurses who perform their top and highest quality work in medicine.Conclusion: Intensive care is an expensive medical procedure or third, fourth and fifth level of health care performed on a patient after resuscitation and re-establishment of cardiac arrest, severe trauma, more complex surgery and unconscious patient situation, in specially equipped wards - in the hospital wards and the emergency medicine clinic.
PARENTS ' INFORMATION NEEDS ABOUT THE RISK AND GRAVITY OF BURNING INJURY
Authors: Dimitrova Anushka , Dimitrova Maria
Published: December 2021

Burn injuries cover a broad category of injuries to the health and life of victims. They can cause severe general illness caused by local damage to the body affecting all organs and systems of the body. Globally, more than 300,000 people die from fires each year alone, and the death toll from thermal, electrical and chemical burns is much higher [23]. Burning is one of the most serious traumas in the infant body, leaving lasting consequences in the life of the injured child and one of the most common causes of hospitalization of children [10]. According to statistics from the Red Cross Burning Unit of South Africa, 650-900 victims of different ages have been admitted to a specialized children's hospital in just one year [19]. It is stated that children under 5 are the most endangered age group, and 50% of all burns occur in children under 2 years. The main cause of burns in them is the burning of hot liquids. The fire causes only 13% of the burns but causes 83% of the deaths [23]. The purpose of this study is to investigate the need to increase parental awareness of the risk and severity of burns in adolescents. The sociological survey was conducted in the period May-June 2019, through its own anonymous poll among 91 parents of kindergarten children in Sofia. The survey found that a significant proportion (75.82%) of the respondents estimated the severity of the impact of trauma on the health and life of the victims and in the event of a burn incident, about half would seek assistance from the Emergency Medical Center and only 5.05 % of them to specialized structures for the treatment of burns. A significant proportion (95.60%) of the respondents confirm the need to provide information on the possible risks, and 95.60% of them expect this to reduce incidents in the social and school environment. Raising the awareness of the population regarding the risk factors for burning and carrying out health education on the topic among adolescents will influence the incidence of incidents in the social, industrial and school environment.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF CANNABINOIDS FOR THE TREATMENT OF CACHEXIA IN HIV-POSITIVE PATIENTS
Authors: Serafimovska Tijana , Darkovska Serafimovska Marija , Zdravkovska Milka , Balkanov Trajan
Published: December 2021

Knowledge of the role of the endocannabinoid system in the modulation of immune functions, the influence of mood, the regulation of appetite, gives us the right to think about the possibility of use of cannabinoids for the treatment of cachexia. Cachexia, also known as weight loss syndrome, is a common problem in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Weight loss syndrome is defined as a loss of at least 10% of the body weight. In HIV-positive patients, weight loss syndrome has been associated with chronic diarrhea, fatigue, and fever for at least 30 days. This serious situation leads to significant morbidity and mortality for these patients. The use of cannabinoids to improve appetite and regain weight in HIV-positive patients is recommended, but it is unclear whether they are truly safe and effective. MARINOL (dronabinol), 2.5, 5 or 10 mg tablets is the only synthetic cannabinoid (tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) isomer) intended for oral administration and FDA approved for two indications: treatment of anorexia associated with weight loss in people with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (or HIV-positive patients) and vomiting caused by chemotherapy in people whose nausea and vomiting have not improved with usual antiemetics. In the United States, Marinol is treated as a non narcotic drug with a very low risk of physical and mental dependence (categorized into level III of controlled substances). The dosage for treatment of weight loss depends on tolerability, from 1 x 2.5 mg /day to 2 x 10 mg /day. The medicine is stated to be taken before meals: before dinner when is administered once daily or before breakfast and dinner if the total dose is divided into twice daily intake. An online literature review published by June 2018 identified a total of six randomized clinical trials (RCTs) that were conducted to evaluate the effects of dronabinol for the treatment of cachexia in HIV-positive patients. They included a total of 298 patients. In 5 of the six studies conducted, the effects of dronabinol were compared with placebo, and in only one study the effects of dronabinol were compared with megestrol acetate. Only one of the six studies was classic placebo-controlled study that reported the effects of dronabinol on body weight correction, while in other studies the effects of dronabinol on body weight correction were secondary notification. This study is also the only study on which base indication for dronabinol are approved. Studies show that dronabinol at doses of 5mg /day stimulates weight gain compared with placebo. Dronabinol compared to megestrol showed a lack of effect. The conclusion of these studies, however, is that use of cannabinoids can have a positive effect on improving appetite and weight gain in HIV-positive patients.
SERUM LEVEL OF MMP-3 IN PATIENTS WITH PSORIATIC ARTRITIS TREATED WITH TNF-α BLOKERS
Authors: Popova Stanislava , Geneva-Popova Mariela , Batalov Anastas
Published: December 2021

Background: Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a family of proteolytic enzymes whose primary function is to break down the extracellular matrix. MMPs are important for tissue remodeling and affect cell signaling. MMP-3 (Stromelysin-1, Transin-1) hydrolyzes natural collagen and extracellular matrix components such as proteoglycan, laminin, fibronectin, gelatin and collagen type III, IV and IX and activates the precursor of IL1-beta. Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a rapidly developing, debilitating disease, and it is important for patients with it to identify serum biomarkers to predict its development. Patients and Methods: MMP-3 has been studied in 21 patients with PsA, 16 patients with PsA receiving TNF-α blocker therapy, and 22 patients with gonarthrosis and 15 healthy age-matched adults. All patients were treated and monitored at the University Clinic of Rheumatology, UMHAT “Kaspela“ and UMHAT “Steti Georgi”, Medical University, Plovdiv. The study of MMPs was performed using an ELISA methodology. Statistical processing of the data was performed using the SPSS 23 program with confidence (p <0.001). Results: The mean MMP-3 value in patients with PsA was 197.00 ± 35.90 pg / ml, in patients with AS 101.08 ± 15.76 ng / ml. The mean MMP-3 in patients with PsA receiving TNF-α blocker therapy and with low clinical disease activity was 50.48 ± 9.22 ng / ml. The mean MMP-3 in patients with gonarthrosis was 42.91 ± 11.72 ng / ml. The mean MMP-3 values in patients with active PsA were significantly different from those treated with TNF-α-blockers and patients with degenerative joint disease and controls (p <0.05). Conclusion: MMP-3 was significantly increased in patients with PsA compared with patients with osteoarthritis and healthy subjects. Administration of TNF-α blockers gradually leads to a decrease in the serum level of MMP-3 and can serve as a biomarker for disease activity as well as for evaluating the effect of therapy. arthrosis disease
PODODERMATITE EM ELEFANTE-ASIÁTICO (ELEPHAS MAXIMUS LINNAEUS, 1758), MANTIDO SOB CUIDADOS HUMANOS
Authors: TEIXEIRA RODRIGO HIDALGO FRICIELLO , Ferereira Ronnie Von Mateus , Torrezan Lanna , Todesco Natalia , Costa André Luiz Mota
Published: December 2021

O elefante é um dos maiores mamíferos terrestres, são carismáticos e bastante populares em jardins zoológicos. Um exemplar de elefante-asiático (Elephas maximus), fêmea, adulta, mantido sob cuidados humanos, com idade aproximada de 60 anos, pesando aproximadamente três toneladas, apresentava claudicação dos membros locomotores, relutância em se movimentar e com histórico de pododermatite em membros anteriores e posteriores. Foram observadas lesões na planta da pata com presença de secreção purulenta, hipequeratose, erosões e áreas de necrose. Com auxílio de swabs estéreis, amostras das lesões foram enviadas ao laboratório para cultura e antibiograma. O resultado laboratorial apontou o crescimento bacteriano de Klebsiella sp e Citrobacter sp. O antibiograma revelou sensibilidade para os antiobióticos: amoxicilina e ácido clavulônico, cefalexina, enrofloxacina, gentamicina, neomicina e sulfametoxazol e trimetoprim.
ANÁLISE MORFOMÉTRICA DAS CÉLULAS SANGUÍNEAS DE Boa constrictor RESGATADAS EM CAMPOS DOS GOYTACAZES, RJ
Authors: De Andrade Alves João Victor , Salim Mello Gallo Samira , Jardim de Almeida Adriana , Serafim da Silveira Leonardo
Published: December 2021

Boa constrictor é uma espécie frequentemente encontrada em criadouros e zoológicos, além de ser utilizada como animal de companhia. Esses animais são nativos do novo mundo, sendo encontrados do México ao norte da Argentina. O trabalho realizado possui como objetivo gerar valores morfométricos das células que compõem o tecido sanguíneo de indivíduos da espécie Boa constrictor, identificando seus tamanhos médios, que são importantes na determinação do estado destas células, sendo úteis principalmente para classificar anemias. Foram realizadas distensões sanguíneas com as amostras coletadas de quatro exemplares atendidos no Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisas em Animais Selvagens (NEPAS), sendo dois machos e duas fêmeas. As lâminas foram coradas utilizando a técnica de coloração panóptico rápido e observadas ao microscópio óptico (100X, imersão). Para morfometria foi realizada a captura de imagens com o auxílio de uma câmera digital Canon, modelo Powershot A640® acoplada ao microscópio, e foi utilizado o software Zeiss® AxioVision Sample Images. Foram mensuradas 2007 células sanguíneas, sendo 590 eritrócitos, 365 heterófilos, 140 linfócitos, 454 azurófilos, 17 monócitos e 441 trombócitos. Verificou-se que os eritrócitos e trombócitos apresentaram maiores diferenças entre seus diâmetros maiores e menores, conferindo o formato elíptico a estas células. As demais células avaliadas apresentaram proporções entre os diâmetros de forma similar, caracterizando-as como de formatos esféricos.
ПІДВИЩЕНА ЧУТЛИВІСТЬ ТВЕРДИХ ТКАНИН ЗУБІВ У ПАЦІЄНТІВ ПІСЛЯ ПРОФЕСІЙНОГО ОФІСНОГО ВІДБІЛЮВАННЯ ТА МЕТОДИ ЇЇ ЛІКУВАННЯ
Authors: Помпій О.О. , Керімова Т.М. , Помпій Е.С. , Осипенко С.І.
Published: December 2021

Мета дослідження. Вивчення клінічної ефективності використання різних груп десенситайзерів для зниження підвищеної чутливості зубів у пацієнтів після проведення процедури офісного відбілювання. Методи дослідження. Обстежено 56 пацієнтів із гіперестезією твердих тканин зубів, яких розділили на дві рівних групи (залежно від застосованого десенситайзера для зменшення виявів гіперестезії зубів). В осіб І групи використали десенситайзер на основі органічних смол, у хворих ІІ групи – препарат, здатний утворювати оксалатні солі на поверхнях твердих тканин зубів. Оцінена ефективність застосування двох груп десенситайзерів у різні терміни спостереження, продемонстровані зміни показників індексів поширеності та інтенсивності гіперестезії зубів. Наукова новизна. Загальна клінічна ефективність застосування десенситайзерів для лікування гіперчутливості зубів у пацієнтів двох груп наступного дня після проведення процедури офісного відбілювання та першої аплікації препаратів для зниження чутливості зубів складала 75,9%, тобто 44 пацієнти не мали ознак гіперчутливості зубів. Через 7 діб та після повторного нанесення десенситайзерів 83,9% осіб демонстрували нормальну чутливість зубів, через 14 діб і третього за рахунком застосування десенситайзерів уже 98,2% хворих не мали виявів гіперестезії твердих тканин зубів. У пацієнтів І та ІІ групи наступного дня після використання десенситайзерів ефективність лікування підвищеної чутливості зубів складала 57,1% та 85,7% відповідно. Через 7 днів цей же показник становив 75,0% у пацієнтів І групи та 92,8% в осіб ІІ групи, а через 14 днів – 96,4% у хворих І групи і 100% в осіб ІІ групи. Висновки. Використання препаратів, здатних утворювати оксалатні солі на поверхнях твердих тканин зубів, є більш ефективним для лікування підвищеної чутливості зубів у терміни 1, 7 та 14 днів (порівняно з десенситайзерами на основі органічних смол).
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ПРОФІЛАКТИКИ І ЛІКУВАННЯ ЗМІН У ТКАНИНАХ ПАРОДОНТА В ДІТЕЙ, ЯКІ ПРОЖИВАЮТЬ В ЕКОЛОГІЧНО ЗАБРУДНЕНИХ РЕГІОНАХ ПРИКАРПАТТЯ
Authors: Рожко М.М. , Павлишин М.В.
Published: December 2021

Мета дослідження. Вивчити зміни в тканинах пародонта в дітей, які проживають в екологічно сприятливих умовах та в екологічно забруднених регіонах Прикарпаття; провести порівняльну характеристику змін у пародонті; підвищити ефективність лікування хронічного катарального гінгівіту в осіб, які проживають в екологічно сприятливих умовах та в екологічно забруднених регіонах Прикарпаття, хлоргексидином-дента та кверцетином. Методи дослідження. Обстежено 60 хворих на хронічний катаральний гінгівіт, які проживають в екологічно стабільних умовах (м. Івано-Франківськ) (1 група хворих), 15 осіб з інтактним пародонтом та 60 дітей, хворих на хронічний катаральний гінгівіт, які проживають на забруднених територіях Прикарпаття (м. Бурштин) (2 група хворих). Усім хворим до лікування проводили комплекс терапевтичних заходів, які рекомендовані для загальноприйнятого лікування хворих на хронічний катаральний гінгівіт. У 1а та 2а групах хворих пацієнтам проводили лікування хлоргексидином, настоянкою календули і ромашки та 1% мефенаміновою пастою. Хворим 1б та 2б групи призначали кверцетин (реєстраційне посвідчення № UA /0119/01/01) 1г, 1 раз на день аплікацію гелем, який попередньо наносять на індивідуальну силіконову капу, протягом 10 днів та ротові ванночки з хлоргексидином-дента тричі на добу протягом 10 днів. Клінічний стан тканин пародонта в дітей, які проживають в екологічно несприятливих умовах, оцінювали за показниками гігієнічного індексу ІГ, РМА, ІК, проби Шиллера-Писарєва та цифрових характеристик реограм. Із метою порівняльної характеристики методів лікування здійснювали індексну оцінку якості до лікування, через 3 місяці, 6 місяців, 12 місяців; дослідження реографічних показників тканин пародонта через 6 і 12 місяців. Наукова новизна. На сучасному етапі застосовано препарати хлоргексидин-дента 0,12% та кверцетин для лікування захворювань тканин пародонта в дітей, які проживають в екологічно несприятливих умовах, вивчено стан гемодинаміки в тканинах пародонта, вивчено реографічні показники та їх динаміку під впливом лікувально-профілактичного комплексу у дітей із хронічним катаральним гінгівітом та оцінено ефективність розробленого лікувально-профілактичного комплексу в дітей із хронічним катаральним гінгівітом, які проживають в екологічно несприятливих умовах. Висновки. Результати показали достовірну різницю між клініко-лабораторними показниками у хворих 1 та 2 групи (р<0,05). Використання кверцетину та розчину хлоргексидину-дента 0,12% у комплексному лікуванні хворих на хронічний катаральний гінгівіт забезпечує достовірне покращення клінічних показників та лабораторних характеристик стану тканин пародонта у дітей, які проживають у різних екологічних умовах, а також стимулює обмінні процеси в тканинах пародонта, зменшує ціаноз, набряк тканин пародонта за результатами реографії тканин пародонта.