bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Info-knowledge for supply chains: its links with management, human capital, supply chain operations and innovation
Authors: Alba Cabañas Marisleidy , Herrera Lemus Katy Caridad
Published: October 2018

When analyzing processes of information and knowledge management and their application to the business practice, the links between both processes’ approaches and categories become apparent, evidencing a tight relationship in their conception and function in business, though they are usually seen as isolated categories. Info-knowledge integrates the flows of information and knowledge between agents, as well as their experiences, learning and skills, having a spiraling, growing and synergic thought model as its process approach that adds value and sets the business foundation and product innovation. The proposed design breaks with the traditional information and knowledge structure, generating a single cycle that offers the possibility of integration in supply chain processes that is grounded in the application of information technology. Relevant results are the contributions to the global planning of the supply chain,the possibility to make adequate decisions; cooperation, permanent communication and institutionalization, increase in value in the supply chain, and the preparation of actions of continuous improvement and innovation
Orientation in Pill Bugs: An Interdisciplinary Activity to Engage Students in Concepts of Biology, Physics & Circular Statistics
Authors: Fitak Robert R. , Caves Eleanor M. , Johnsen Sönke
Published: October 2018

We present a novel laboratory activity to introduce students to experimental approaches often used by biologists to study orientation in animals. We first provide an overview of the current understanding of magnetoreception – the ability of some organisms to sense magnetic fields. We then outline an exercise that uses common pill bugs (Armadillidium vulgare) to examine whether a pulsed magnetic field affects their directional preference. The first part of the experiment includes the construction and visual testing of a pulse magnetizer built using low-cost and easily obtainable materials. Afterward, students examine the orientation of pill bugs both before and after being subjected to a magnetic pulse. Finally, students analyze their results with circular statistics using the open-source R coding platform, providing them experience in coding languages and statistical analysis. The interdisciplinary and biophysical nature of this experiment engages students in concepts of electromagnetic induction, magnetism, animal behavior, and statistics.
Sociología médica: origen y campo de acción
Authors: Balarezo López Gunther Naldo
Published: October 2018

Se hizo una revisión de la literatura publicada sobre el origen de la sociología médica y su campo de acción. Para ello, se analizaron diversas publicaciones y se resumieron los aspectos más relevantes. A pesar de que la enfermedad siempre ha estado ligada a aspectos socioculturales, recién a mediados del siglo XX, la medicina reconoce la importancia de la sociología en la explicación de temas relacionados a la salud, especialmente para explicar los determinantes sociales de la salud. En la actualidad, los sociólogos trabajan de manera multidisciplinaria con médicos para investigar y analizar cuestiones concernientes a la salud de las personas, para mejorar el bienestar y la calidad de vida de la población. En este sentido, el aporte de la sociología no solo ha enriquecido la comprensión de algunas enfermedades, sino también diferentes aspectos en el quehacer de la medicina.
Prescripción de paroxetina en adolescentes Colombianos
Authors: Machado-Duque Manuel Enrique , Giraldo-Giraldo Claudia , Machado Alba Jorge Enrique
Published: October 2018

Objetivo Determinar la frecuencia de uso de paroxetina en pacientes adolescentes menores de 20 años afiliados al sistema de salud colombiano.Métodos Estudio de corte transversal, a partir de una base de datos poblacional de personas afiliadas al Sistema General de Seguridad Social en Colombia entre primero de enero 2011 y 31 diciembre 2015 buscando los pacientes menores de 20 años que hubiesen recibido cualquier presentación de paroxetina. Para el análisis de datos se establecieron frecuencias y proporciones.Resultados Se hallaron 777 sujetos prescritos con paroxetina durante los cinco años de evaluación, con edad promedio de 53,8±16, dos años Solo 36 pacientes menores de 20 años lo recibían, especialmente hombres (n=24; 64,8%) con edad media de 17,7±1,8 años. La mayoría estaban siendo tratados en la ciudad de Bogotá (58,3%), seguidos de Medellín (16,7%) y Cartagena (8,3%).Conclusiones Una baja proporción de adolescentes están recibiendo paroxetina en Colombia lo que reduce el riesgo que puede representar este fármaco para ellos.
Carga de enfermedad por lesiones de causa externa en Casanare, Colombia, 2008-2012
Authors: Castañeda-Porras Oneida , Segura Omar
Published: October 2018

Objetivo Estimar la carga de enfermedad por lesiones de causa externa (LCE) en el departamento de Casanare durante 2008-2012.Métodos Estudio descriptivo retrospectivo desde los registros de la notificación al Sivigila de los eventos agrupados como LCE y los eventos reportados al Sistema de Vigilancia Epidemiológica de Lesiones de Causa Externa (SIVELCE). Análisis de variables en tiempo-lugar-persona mediante estadística descriptiva, con plantillas disponibles vía OMS en Microsoft Office® Excel 2013 y Epi-Info® 7.1.3.Resultados Entre 2008-2012 fueron notificados al Sistema de Salud Pública (SIVIGILA) 5 829 casos agrupados como LCE: accidente ofídico 751(12,9%), agresiones por rabia 3 774(64,7%), intoxicaciones 1 231(21,1%), lesiones por pólvora 32(0,5%) y violencia 41(0,7%), razón hombre/mujer 1:1, edad promedio 25±19,3(r=0,01-92) años, años de vida ajustados por discapacidad (AVAD) 821(2,5 años por 1 000 habitantes); y, al SIVELCE 15 539 reportes: lesiones intencionales 12 834(82,6%) y lesiones no intencionales 2 704(17,4%), razón hombre/mujer 1:1, edad promedio 28±14,1(r=0,03-90) años, relación entre morir por lesiones intencionales vs lesiones no intencionales tuvo una razón de disparidad OR=0,12 (X²=1 060,56 1 g.l, valor-p=0,0), AVAD 18 179(55,8/1 000).Conclusiones Las LCE afectan por igual a hombres y mujeres, los AVAD ocurren a expensas de la morbilidad. Todas las LCE son prevenibles, por tanto, es necesario fortalecer las respectivas acciones de vigilancia, prevención y control.
Costo efectividad de la cirugía reductora de riesgo en trompas y ovarios en casos con mutación del gen BRCA1 en Colombia
Authors: González-Mariño Mario Arturo
Published: October 2018

Objetivo Evaluar la utilidad de la cirugía reductora de riesgo en trompas y ovarios en casos con mutación del gen BRCA1 en ColombiaMaterial y Métodos Análisis de costo-efectividad en el que se incorporan tres procesos: a. Pacientes con pruebas de tamización para cáncer de mama y ovario. b. cirugía reductora de riesgo en trompas y ovarios c. cirugía reductora de riesgo en trompas y ovarios con mastectomía bilateral. Se evalúa como desenlace la ganancia en años de supervivencia.Resultados La cohorte con cirugía reductora de riesgo en trompas y ovarios y mastectomía bilateral es la de mayor ganancia con 13 años mientras que la cirugía reductora de riesgo en trompas y ovarios gana 4,95 años con respecto al grupo de seguimiento.Conclusiones Las tres opciones evaluadas son aceptables, pero de ellas la de mayor ganancia en la supervivencia es la combinación de cirugía reductora de riesgo en trompas y ovarios con mastectomía bilateral.
Indicadores socioeconómicos de la obesidad materna en México y Francia. Análisis comparado de dos cohortes
Authors: Arredondo Armando , Torres Christian , Orozco Emanuel , Pacheco Selene , Aragón Alondra , Huang Fengyang , Zambrano Elena , Bolaños-Jiménez Francisco
Published: October 2018

Objetivo Identificar y analizar los indicadores socioeconómicos de obesidad materna en México y Francia.Metodología Estudio comparativo de dos cohortes EDEN sus siglas en francés (Etude des déterminants pré et post natals précoces de la santé et de développement de l'enfant) (Francia) y NUTTSEA (México). La población de estudio se conformó por mujeres que solicitaron consulta prenatal en semana 24 de gestación. Los datos fueron recolectados con cuestionarios y entrevistas semi-estructuradas. Las variables de interés fueron aspectos socioeconómicos, alimentación, antropometría y seguridad alimentaria. El análisis cuantitativo se realizó utilizando Stata y el análisis cualitativo con Atlas-ti.Resultados En cohorte EDEN el 68.6% resultó con edad de 25-34 años, el 73% tenían un empleo remunerado, el 53% preparatoria completa; el 6.6% refirió tener dificultad para acceder a los alimentos; la media del IMC gestacional fue de 23.23±4.6. En la cohorte NUTTSEA el 55% se encontraba en el rango de edad de 18-24 años; el 15% refirió contar con un empleo remunerado; el 42% de la población tenía secundaria completa; el 32.1% presentó un grado de inseguridad alimentaria; la media de IMC fue de 27.8±4.8.Conclusiones Los resultados cuali-cuantitativos de ambas cohortes sugieren que poblaciones con mayor vulnerabilidad socio-económica son más propensas a la obesidad materna, determinando directrices sobre barreras y facilitadores para fortalecer programas de prevención de la obesidad materna.
A percutan nervus tibialis stimuláció szerepe egyes kismedencei kórképek kezelésében
Authors: Kozma Bence , Majoros Attila , Pytel Ákos , Póka Róbert , Takács Péter
Published: October 2018

Abstract:

Percutaneous tibial nerve stimulation (PTNS) is a minimally invasive, safe and well-tolerated neuromodulation technique for the lower urinary tract dysfunctions. PTNS delivers neuromodulation to the pelvic floor through the S2–4 junction of the sacral nerve plexus via the route of the posterior tibial nerve. Using the fine needle electrode insertion above the ankle, the tibial nerve is accessed, which connected to the stimulator. To date despite of its excessive clinical use, PTNS mechanism of action still remains unclear. The technique seems to be an efficacious and safe treatment for overactive bladder syndrome (OAB). It could be recommended according to the Urinary Incontinence Guideline of the European Association of Urology in women who did not have adequate improvement or could not tolerate anti-muscarinic therapy. The success rate is comparable to sacral nerve stimulation in OAB patients. PTNS has been used for fecal incontinence since 2003, however, many of the published studies are of poor quality. PTNS has also been shown to have positive effects on chronic pelvic pain, when the usual therapeutic steps did not result in satisfactory improvement. No major complications are reported in the literature, following PTNS treatment. Orv Hetil. 2018; 159(43): 1735–1740.
EVALUATION OF QUALITY OF LIFE IN PATIENTS TREATED FOR METASTATIC DISEASE OF THE PROXIMAL FEMUR
Authors: Tanaka Marcos Hajime , Souza Marcello Martins de , Gibson Daniel Luiz Ceroni , Nogueira Monica Paschoal
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT Objective: Patients with metastatic bone lesions have a limited life expectancy. These metastatic lesions compromise the proximal femur, and fractures are quite common. The survival of these patients depends on the behavior of the primary tumor. The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality of life of patients with extensive metastatic lesion of the proximal femur with pathological or imminent fracture, treated with non-conventional endoprosthesis. Methods: From May 2008 to August 2012, twenty-five (25) patients with bone metastases of the proximal femur, with pathological or imminent fracture were recruited into this study. These patients had survived for at least six weeks after surgery and the TESS questionnaire (Toronto Extremity Salvage Score) was administered. Results: The final score of the TESS was an average of 57 points (SD 23.78 points). There was no significant difference in TESS values considering: sex, presence of fracture, or site of the bone lesion. Conclusion: The TESS questionnaire provides information about the function and quality of life of patients with malignant tumors of the lower limbs, from the patient's perspective. The results can be considered positive, when compared to the limited life expectancy and complexity of this group of patients. Level of evidence III, Therapeutic studies, retrospective comparative study.
Effect of the fineness of over-burnt magnesia on the hydration and expansion properties of blended cement
Authors: Wu Qisheng , Min Zhian , Liu Jiaxiang , Li Shuiping , Zhang Changsen
Published: October 2018

Previous research has indicated that the poor stability of steel slag is caused by the hydration of free calcium oxide and magnesia in the slag, and a great deal of research has been done on the hydration expansion properties of free calcium oxide. However, there is little reported research on the hydration expansion properties of magnesia in steel slag. In this work, the effects of the fineness of over-burnt magnesia on the expansion properties and hydration characteristics of blended cement paste (BCP) were investigated and their correlations were studied. The results indicated that the fineness of the over-burnt magnesia was the intrinsic factor controlling the expansion properties and hydration characteristics of the BCPs. At 20°C, the expansion rate of the BCPs gradually increased with an increase in magnesia fineness increase; however, at 60°C, the expansion rate of the BCPs gradually decreased with increased magnesia fineness. The incorporation of magnesia reduced the cement hydration heat, with a lesser reduction for a greater fineness of magnesia. Furthermore, no great difference in the hydration degree of cement was observed with the use of magnesia of different fineness.
Thermomagnetic concentration and dephosphorizing of brown clay iron ore and concentrates
Authors: Mukhtar A. A. , Mukhymbekova M. K. , Makashev A. S. , Savin V. N.
Published: October 2018

Oolitic brown clay iron ores are of prime economic importance because of their enormous stocks in the world. However, their use in metallurgical production is very severely limited at the present time because of the high content of phosphorus in them. The process of phosphorus extracting from these ores almost cannot be realized by the known enrichment methods, since phosphorus presents in oolites in the emulsionated and impregnated state, without forming the independent minerals in this case. Therefore, using of ores of the given type is very limited. Growth of the world steel production at this time has considerably increased demand for iron ore, for that reason in the last decades in the world there were made considerable efforts on creation of new manufacturing schemes of brown clay iron ores obtaining standard iron ore concentrates. Considerable reduction of rich and easily beneficiated iron ores in Kazakhstan results in necessity to attract in metallurgical production the huge resources of the easily extracted ooli tic brown clay iron ores of Lissakovsk, Ayat, Priaral, and other fields with the iron content from 35 to 40  % and phosphorus up to 1  %. The technology of thermomagnetic beneficiation is represented as the most self-sustainable and acceptable dephosphorizing technology of brown limonites. The essence of the technology consists in the reproduction by liquid hydrocarbon reducer (LHR), mesmerizing roasting of the concentrate, magnetic concentration of the roasted raw material receiving the magnetic concentrate with the subsequent dephosphorizing of the obtained concentrate by the acid leaching method. The technology was tested in pilot conditions by representative samplings of the Lissakovsk concentrate and the ores of Ayat and Kokbulak fields.
Planning of numerical and physical experiment in simulation of technological processes
Authors: Akberdin A. A. , Kim A. S. , Sultangaziev R. B.
Published: October 2018

Technological processes are multifactorial. The choice of the most significant of them for the correct analysis of the object of research is an important task. For such a ranking of factors, researchers usually rely on their own experience or the opinions of specialists in this field, assessing their consistency in terms of mathematical criteria. However, when developing a new process, this approach can not be used. In this case, experimental methods of selecting factors are preferable. But the cost, duration, and sometimes impossibility of using this method is obvious. In this paper we use a different approach. It was considered that thermodynamic modeling is an experiment, but only numerical. Therefore, you can apply it to the method of mathematical design of the experiment, allowing for one calculation to take into account the effect on the objective function of more than a dozen factors. The partial dependencies of the process indices obtained in this case make it possible, without setting up physical experiments, to weed out insignificant factors and leave strong ones, estimating them by the methods of mathematical statistics. Another important advantage of its application is the ability to evaluate the dynamics of changes in phase and elementary products of smelting, process feasibility according to convection and temperature conditions with the control of and mathematical criterion of the acquired data. The method also allows the process to be controlled by all the factors involved, which cannot be met in everyday modeling. For demonstration, this approach was applied during the development of the ferroborone production technology by carbothermic method using local raw materials. Thermodynamic modeling was performed using pre-selected factors. They were also used in physical simulation of the process in a high-temperature furnace. The experiment confirmed significance of the factors, which were chosen theoretically. The use of the planning method also reduced the number of numerical experiments in 25, and physical – in 125 times for predefined data.Using this approach, the authors have made it possible to compare the obtained data with the results of physical experiment to develop measures to approximate practical results to equilibrium ones with the use of strongly acting factor.
Description of dynamic viscosity depending on the alloys composition and temperature using state diagrams
Authors: Malyshev V. P. , Makasheva A. M.
Published: October 2018

The equilibrium nature of viscosity and fluidity is discovered on the basis of the Boltzmann distribution within the framework of the concept of randomized particles as a result of the virtual presence of crystal-mobile, liquid-mobile and vapor-mobile particles. It allows one to consider the viscosity and fluidity of solutions, in particular, melts of metal alloys, from the point of view of the equilibrium partial contributions of each component in the total viscosity and fluidity, despite the kinetic interpretation of natural expressions for these properties of the liquid. A linearly additive partial expression of viscosity is possible only for perfect solutions, in this case, for alloys with unrestricted mutual solubility of the components. Alloys with eutectics, chemical compounds and other features of the state diagram are characterized by viscosity dependencies that repeat the shape of liquidus curve over entire range of the alloy composition at different temperatures, with an increase in smoothness and convergence of these curves at increasing temperature. It was established that these features of viscosity temperature dependence are completely revealed within the framework of the concept of randomized particles and the virtual cluster model of viscosity in calculating the fraction of clusters determining the viscosity of the alloy. That viscosity of the alloy is found by the formula in which thermal energy RTcr at liquidus temperature is the thermal barrier of chaotization, characterizing the crystallization temperature of the melt Tcr, as well as the melting point of pure substances. On this basis, a method is proposed for calculating the alloys viscosity by phase diagrams using the temperature dependences of pure components viscosity to change the alloy’s viscosity in proportion to ratio of the clusters fractions at any temperature above liquidus line and for the pure component, taking into account the mole fraction of each component. As a result, a three-factor model of the liquid alloy viscosity has been obtained in which the thermal barrier of chaotization RTcr is used as variable for the first time. It determines the fraction of clusters for both pure substances (at RTcr  =  RTm ) and for alloys. This thermal barrier reflects the essence of the virtual cluster theory of liquid and adequacy of the concept of randomized particles.
Mali Alan Ve Ölçüm Yöntemleri
Authors: AKBAYIR Fatih , YERELİ Ahmet Burçin
Published: October 2018

Bu çalışmada, hükümetlerin son dönemlerde üzerinde önemle durdukları mali alan kavramı ele alınacak ve kavramın ortaya çıktığı ilk zamanlardan günümüze kadar ortaya atılan farklı mali alan ölçüm yöntemleri incelenip, söz konusu yöntemler için karşılaştırmalı bir değerlendirme yapılacaktır. Kullanılan yöntemlerden kaynaklı sorunların ne gibi riskleri beraberinde getirebileceği incelenecektir. Sonuç olarak doğru olmayan mali alan ölçümlerinin ülkelerin kalkınma aşamalarından makro göstergelerine kadar birçok önemli faktörde sapmalara yol açabileceği söylenebilir. Ülkelerin sahip oldukları mali alanın birçok ekonomik ve hatta ekonomik olmayan faktörden etkilendiği göz önüne alındığında, Ostry vd. (2010) tarafından geliştirilen yaklaşımının genel denge durumunu en fazla dikkate alan yöntem olduğu görülmektedir.
POLAND’S PATH TOWARDS SUSTAINABLE PORK PRODUCTION CHAIN
Authors: Kozera-Kowalska Magdalena
Published: October 2018

This paper analyzes the situation of the Polish pork production sector in the context of all stages of food distribution. As shown by available information, particular links of the pork supply chain changed significantly. This is true for both real (producer-processor-client) and instrumental aspects (including information transfer between sectors). The analysis also identified two worrying developments. The first one is related to the pig production structure (the decreasing number of farms does not result in a considerable increase in the production volume per farm). The other one is related to competitiveness: in Poland, the seemingly strong concentration of operators at slaughter and meat processing stages is still insufficient to face the competitive power of foreign businesses active in the increasingly liberalized agri-food market, both inside and outside the EU.
Mobilya köşe birleştirmelerinde demonte tipi bağlantı elemanlarının moment kapasitesine etkileri
Authors: Karaman Abdurrahman , Yıldırım Mehmet Nuri , Aykan Recep
Published: October 2018

Bu çalışmada, mobilya köşe
birleştirmelerinde kullanılan demonte tipi bağlantı elemanlarının moment
kapasitesine etkileri araştırılmıştır. Deney örnekleri ahşap esaslı kompozit
levhalardan, sentetik reçinelerle kaplanmış yonga levha (YL-Lam) ve lif levhalardan (MDF-Lam) hazırlanmıştır.
Bağlantı elemanı olarak metal L, plastik T, metal T ve ay bağlantı elemanı
olmak üzere dört farklı bağlantı elemanı kullanılmıştır. Deney örnekleri,
kullanımları sırasında etkisinde kalabilecekleri kritik yükler göz önüne alınarak
statik yük altında basma ve çekme deneyine tabi tutulmuştur. Deney sonuçlarına
göre, diyagonal basma deneyinde moment taşıma
kapasitesi değeri; bağlantı elemanı çeşidine göre en yüksek değer, metal L
bağlantı elemanı ile birleştirilen deney örneklerinde, en düşük değer ise Ay
bağlantı elemanında tespit edilmiştir. Ahşap esaslı kompozit levha-bağlantı
elemanı tipi ikili etkileşimlerindeki diyagonal çekmede, en yüksek değer
MDF-Lam ile metal L bağlantı elemanı hazırlanan deney örneklerinde, en düşük değer
ise YL-Lam ile ay bağlantı elemanı ile hazırlanan örneklerde tespit edilmiştir Bu veriler ışığında, mobilya
elemanları köşe birleştirmelerinde MDF-Lam malzemesi ile metal L bağlantı
elemanı kombinasyonu uygulanabilir.
Sylvie test protocol v1
Authors: Gondouin Sylvie
Published: October 2018

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POKING ITS NOSE INTO EVERYTHING—THE SOCIETY FOR THE ENCOURAGEMENT OF ARTS, MANUFACTURES AND COMMERCE
Authors: BENNETT SUSAN
Published: October 2018

The Society was said ‘to poke its nose into everything’ and this can be seen from the awards it made across a wide spectrum of activities, including the discovery of cobalt in the United Kingdom, mapping of English counties, improved methods of extracting the ore, assaying, reclaiming land, mining equipment, improving crucibles and portable furnaces. The Society also laid the groundwork for the Great Exhibition of 1851 and organized the second exhibition at South Kensington in 1862. From the mid-nineteenth century the Society's lecture program represented the wide range of its activities, including mineralogy and geology. This paper provides a brief overview on the work of the Society, its influence worldwide, and also highlights some individuals with a particular interest in mineralogy and geology, connected with the Society, including one of the founding members of the Geological Society of London, Arthur Aikin.
JOHN PLAYER'S ‘GEOLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS’ OF 1764–1766, AND HIS CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE SOCIETY OF ARTS JOURNAL MUSEUMRUSTICUM ET COMMERCIALE
Authors: TORRENS HUGH , GILL MADELEINE
Published: October 2018

It had been discovered, by 1975, that an eighteenth-century manuscript on English strata written by a John Player had been donated to a museum in Bath, England in 1857. The hunt for this, lost since some time after 1879, led in 1991 to the realization that an earlier MSS version had survived in private hands. This paper is the result of a collaboration between Madeleine Gill, historian and lineal descendant of the Gloucestershire Quaker John Player (1725–1808), Hugh Torrens, an historian of English geology. We first investigate, and publish part of, Player's MSS ‘Observations on the Strata of the Earth’ of 1765/1766. Its content is highly complex, because of the lack of any adequate terminology which would have allowed Player to describe the many lithologies he had encountered, coupled with his failure to give any place names to the localities at which he had found them. The later history of this MSS is next discussed, and how it came to the attention in 1801 of the circle which then surrounded William Smith at nearby Bath. But this was clearly too late to have influenced Smith directly. It was next discovered that Player had also been the author of a series of articles between 1764 and 1766 in the journal Museum Rusticum, which was an early publishing outlet in support of the work of the Society of Arts, founded in London in 1754. Player wrote these articles under the pseudonym of “Ruricola Glocestris”. His first article, which gave “easy-to-be-known signs by which to direct the search for Coal”, gave us a second, printed, source by which we could investigate his early investigations of English strata. It became clear that his main interest was in helping the discovery of unknown deposits of coal, outside the known coal fields, which were fuelling the nascent ‘Industrial Revolution’ here, and which now surrounded Player as he worked, first as a farmer, and later as a significant land surveyor, widely away from his Gloucestershire base. The final parts of our paper discuss the history of the English study of strata. Here we reject Martin Rudwick's claim that this had owed much, or anything, to German geognosy. We support this by pointing out that Player had been preceded by John Strachey, whose earlier work on such strata we also discuss, as we do that of Player's contemporary, John Michell. Finally, we urge the importance of coal, which fuelled the world's first ‘Industrial Revolution’ in Britain, and which historians now point out has provided the ‘key break in the history of humanity’. We hope this paper will inspire others to examine more the effects that coal and its ‘Revolution’ have had on the rise of the new science of geology.
Prospective study on prescribing pattern of antihypertensive drugs at a tertiary care hospital
Authors: M. Vishwanath , J. V. Murgesh , D. Arpitha , D. Nithiya
Published: October 2018

Background: Hypertension is the leading non-communicable disease risk attributing to cardio vascular morbidity and mortality. Various reasons are socio-economic, behavioural, sedentary life style, nutritional, age, obesity and poor health maintenance. A wide range of antihypertensive drugs belonging to different pharmacological classes are available alone or in combinations. Present study was done to evaluate the prescribing pattern of antihypertensive drugs at a tertiary care hospital.Methods: A prospective, observational, non-interventional, hospital-based study was carried out in hypertensive patients attending outpatient department of General Medicine at Medical College Hospital attached to Vijayanagar Institute of Medical Sciences, Ballari. Data was collected from outpatient slip of patients in a predesigned case record form, which was analysed using descriptive statistics.Results: Among 200 patients analysed 95 (47.5%) were males and 105 (52.5%) were females, with maximum number of patients falling in the age group 61-70years. Among antihypertensives prescribed, amlodipine (78.5%) was most frequently prescribed drug. Frequently used drugs for monotherapy - amlodipine (37.5%), for two drug therapy - amlodipine + atenolol (25.5%), and for three drug therapy - amlodipine + atenolol + telmisartan (2.5%). WHO prescribing indicators: Average number of drugs per encounter is 2.38 (±1.19). Percentage of drugs prescribed by generic name is 76.47%. Percentage of drugs prescribed from essential drug list is 97.89%.Conclusions: Present study shows current trends in prescription of antihypertensives in tertiary care hospital and their rational use. Study emphasizes need for preventive and educative measures about hypertension in population.
Взаимосвязь экологии и охраны окружающей среды с обеспечением устойчивого развития экономики Кыргызстана
Authors: Шахман Ертаргын Тойганулы
Published: October 2018

В данной статье рассматривается современное состояние экологизации экономики Кыргызстана, рассматриваются перспективы перехода к зеленой экономике и делаются некоторые предложения для решения поставленных проблем.
Институализация коммуникативных и жизненных практик в обществах современного типа (Введение в исследовательскую программу)
Authors: Ячин Сергей Евгеньевич , Деменчук Павел Юрьевич , Минеев Матвей Вячеславович
Published: October 2018

В статье представлена программа исследований процессов институционализации коммуникативных и жизненных практик в современных, сильно институализированных обществах. Авторы предлагают понимать под институализацией процесс и результат нормативного регулирования коммуникаций и мотиваций жизненного мира людей. Ключевое положение состоит в том, что при исследовании институтов и институциональном проектировании, необходимо различать три уровня совместной жизнедеятельности людей: мотивационный, коммуникативный и организационный. Родовым для институализации является обязательный в совместной жизнедеятельности процесс нормирования человеческих отношений. В архаических и традиционных обществах нормирование имеет форму ритуала. Если нормативный план деятельности отчуждается от коммуникативного, то он приобретает институциональную (организационную) форму. Вслед за Ю. Хабермасом основное противоречие эпохи усматривается в несоответствии системы (нормативной организации общества) и жизненного мира человека. Подвергается критике такое понимание института, когда в содержании понятия объединяются формальные и неформальные правила. Предлагаемый принцип дифференциации уровней совместной жизнедеятельности позволяет исследовать, какого рода трансформации претерпевают человеческие мотивации и правила живой коммуникации, когда они выходят на уровень нормативной организации общества. Исследование этих трансформаций составляет основное содержание исследовательской программы.
Управление интеллектуально-креативными ресурсами организации, обеспечивающими поддержку и рост конкурентоспособности инновационно-активных предприятий
Authors: Мельников Олег Николаевич , Яремчук Алексей Петрович
Published: October 2018

В статье представлены результаты исследования разработанного алгоритма управления интеллектуально-креативными ресурсами инновационно-активной организации, целью которого является обеспечение процесса управления поддержкой требуемого уровня конкурентоспособности инновационного предприятия. Основной упор сделан на повышение эффективности использования интеллектуально-креативных (человеческих) ресурсов организации при условии обеспечения «внутренней» свободы инноваторов за счет формирования атмосферы эмоционального и делового доверия между менеджментом и работниками. Отдельно учитывается вклад линейных и топ-менеджеров в эффективность выполнения инновационных проектов, соответствующих динамике изменения инновационных запросов рынка. При этом выделена роль и владельцев бизнеса, заинтересованных в том, чтобы инновационная деятельность предприятия соответствовала «ближним» и «дальним» стратегическим изменениям инновационных запросов рынка.
Kinetics of antifungal activity of home-generated ozonated Water on Candida albicans
Authors: Mirmortazavi Amirtaher , Haghi Hamidreza Rajati , Fata Abdolmajid , Zarrinfar Hossein , Bagheri Hossein , Mehranfard Amirhossein
Published: October 2018

Background and Purpose: Candida-associated denture stomatitis is one of the most
common forms of oral candidiasis among denture wearers. Regarding this, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the antifungal effects of home-generated ozonated water on the adhesion of the C. albicans attached to the surface of the denture base acrylic resins. Materials and Methods: For the purpose of the study, different concentrations of C. albicans were added to the tubes containing acrylic resin blocks, and then incubated for 2 h at 35°C. The samples were assigned into three groups, each of which contained 42 samples, including normal saline (NS) solution as the negative control, nystatin (N) solution as the positive control, and ozonated water as the test group. The samples were washed and placed in an ultrasonic bath. Subsequently, the saline solution was cultured on Sabouraud dextrose agar. The concentrations of Candida were evaluated during the contact times.
Results: The test group (i.e., ozonated water) with 114 colony-forming units (CFU) showed a significant reduction of Candida colonies, compared to the NS group with 2,172 CFU. The 120- and 1-minute incubation with ozonated water showed the highest and lowest effects on the viability of Candida adhered to the acrylic resin, respectively. Conclusion: Based on the findings, home-generated ozonated water can be applied to remove the Candida attached to the surface of the denture plates.
Keywords: Antifungal, Candida, Denture, Ozonated water, Stomatitis
TAFRO Syndrome: A Case Report from Turkey and Review of the Literature
Authors: Islamoğlu Zeki , Duman Ali Erkan , Sirin Göktuğ , Yılmaz Hasan , Mengüç Meral Uluköylü , Erçetin Yiğit , Bozkurt Süheyla , Hülagü Sadettin , Çelebi Altay
Published: October 2018

TAFRO syndrome is a rare subtype of the Castleman’s disease which has been described over the last years. The name of TAFRO syndrome comes from thrombocytopenia, anasarca, myelofibrosis, renal dysfunction, and organomegaly. We report a young Turkish male patient presented with fever, night sweats, fatigue, nausea, bilateral pretibial pitting edema, abdominal pain and watery diarrhea. PET/CT revealed multiple lymphadenopathies in cervical, axillary, mediastinal, paraaortic, mesenteric and inguinal lymph nodes. Excisional lymph node biopsy showed atretic germinal centers and expanded interfollicular areas, containing sheets of plasma cells. The R-CHOP regimen was started, and his signs and symptoms improved after the treatment. The current case confirms the unique presentation of this syndrome, helping to understand its clinical course and treatment strategy.
Nasal Mucociliary Activity Changes in Smokers
Authors: SOLAK İbrahim , MARAKOGLU Kamile , PEKGOR Selma , ÇETİN KARGIN Nisa , ALATAŞ Necat , ERYILMAZ Mehmet Ali
Published: October 2018

Objective: Nasal mucociliary activity, which is a good indicator of nasal mucosal function, is one of the most important defense mechanisms of the body. The aim of the present study is to investigate the effect of smoking and cigarette consumption on nasal mucociliary activity per se by singling out other factors affecting nasal mucociliary activity. Methods: One hundred ninety seven patients aged 18-55 years, one hundred twenty three smokers (case group) and seventy four non-smokers (control group), were included in the present study. Saccharin transfer time (STT) test, CO measurement, Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence, and a questionnaire including smoking characteristics were applied to all participants. Results: No statistically significant difference was determined between the case and control group in terms of age and body mass index parameters affecting mucociliary activity. In the present study, a statistically significant difference was determined in the mucociliary transfer time between the case and the control group. Moreover, a positive correlation between saccharin transfer time (STT) and number of cigarettes smoked per day, STT and package-year, STT and total smoking years was also determined. Conclusions: In conclusion, smoking has been in the present study determined to deteriorate nasal mucociliary system with a direct proportion to the amount and total duration of smoking.
L'EMDR dans la psychose : lignes directrices pour la conceptualisation et le traitement
Authors: van den Berg David P. G. , van der Vleugel Berber M. , Staring Anton B. P. , de Bont Paul A. J. , de Jongh Ad
Published: October 2018

Un grand nombre de patients présentant une psychose ont vécu des traumatismes infantiles et souffrent d'un état de stress post-traumatique comorbide. La recherche indique que l'exposition à des événements perturbants en début de vie joue un rôle considérable dans l'émergence et la persistance de symptômes psychotiques – directement ou indirectement. L'approche des deux méthodes pour la conceptualisation EMDR et les données récentes sur le retraitement d'imagerie psychotique répondent bien aux modèles cognitifs existants de la psychose. Cet article présente une série de lignes directrices préliminaires pour la conceptualisation du traitement EMDR dans la psychose, fondées à la fois sur la théorie et sur l'expérience clinique, et illustrées par des exemples de cas. Plusieurs obstacles et stratégies thérapeutiques associées concernant l'utilisation de l'EMDR dans la psychose sont décrits. L'EMDR dans la psychose peut très bien se combiner avec d'autres interventions standard telles que les psychotropes et la thérapie cognitive comportementale.
Funktionelle und Strukturelle Korrelate von EMDR-Therapie in Neuro-Bildgebungsverfahren (Neuroimaging) : Eine kritische Übersicht neuester Befunde
Authors: Pagani Marco , Högberg Göran , Fernandez Isabel , Siracusano Alberto
Published: October 2018

Neuroimaging-Untersuchungen zu den Auswirkungen PTSD-fokussierter Therapien, einschließlich Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR), berichten von entsprechenden Veränderungsbefunden in der zerebralen Durchblutung (CBF; single photon emission computed tomography SPECT), im neuronalen Volumen und der neuronalen Dichte (funktionelle Magnetresonanz-Tomographie; fMRT) und jüngst auch im EEG-Befund. Ebenso wurden vor kurzem neurobiologische Veränderungen während laufender Therapie nachgewiesen, wobei eine Verlagerung der maximalen Aktivierung von den emotionsprozessierenden limbischen zu den kortikal-kognitiven Hirnregionen zu verzeichnen war. Erstmals konnte hier von neurobiologischen Veränderungen während einer Therapiesitzung berichtet werden; EMDR war damit die erste Therapie mit einem nachgewiesenen neurobiologischen Effekt. Ziel dieses Artikels ist eine kritische Übersicht der Ergebnisse zu den funktionellen und strukturellen Veränderungen, die durch eine PTBS-Behandlung bewirkt werden und die im Zeitraum 1999–2012 von verschiedenen Forschungsgruppen vorgestellt worden sind. Die berichteten pathophysiologischen Veränderungen werden hinsichtlich ihrer neurophysiologischen Technik und der dabei angewandten Methodik dargestellt und kritisch analysiert.
Primer Estudio de Investigación de la Aplicación del Protocolo Grupal e Integrativo con EMDR a Niños Víctimas de Violencia Interpersonal Severa
Authors: Jarero Ignacio , Roque-López Susana , Gómez Julio
Published: October 2018

El presente estudio, evalúo un abordaje de tratamiento del trauma, multi-componente y en fases, aplicado a 34 niñas y niños que fueron víctimas de violencia interpersonal severa (e.g., violación, abuso sexual, violencia física y emocional, negligencia y abandono). Los niños asistieron a un campamento de recuperación del trauma que tuvo una duración de una semana, en el que se les facilitaron experiencias para desarrollar recursos psicológicos, y en el que se les administró el Protocolo Grupal e Integrativo con Terapia de Reprocesamiento y Desensibilización a través del Movimiento Ocular (EMDR-IGTP) y terapia individual de EMDR, para la resolución de las memorias traumáticas. Las sesiones de terapia individual de EMDR, se administraron a 26 niños y niñas que aún presentaban perturbación relacionada con las memorias traumáticas elegidas como blanco, después de la administración del Protocolo Grupal e Integrativo con EMDR. Los resultados mostraron una mejoría significativa en la Escala Child's Reaction to Traumatic Events Scale (CRTES) y en el Short PTSD Rating Interview (SPRINT) para todos los participantes. Estos resultados se mantuvieron en el seguimiento. Es necesario realizar más investigación para evaluar el Protocolo Grupal e Integrativo con EMDR y la terapia individual de EMDR, como parte de una aproximación terapéutica multi-modal para el tratamiento de niños que han sufrido violencia interpersonal severa.
Protocolo Individual de Terapia EMDR para uso de Paraprofesionales: Un Estudio Aleatorio Controlado con Auxiliadores
Authors: Jarero Ignacio , Amaya Carolina , Givaudan Martha , Miranda Alaide
Published: October 2018

El Protocolo Individual de Terapia de Reprocesamiento y Desensibilización a través del Movimiento Ocular para uso de Paraprofesionales en situaciones de trauma agudo (EMDR-PROPARA), es parte de un proyecto desarrollado bajo la iniciativa de la Dra. Francine Shapiro. Este estudio aleatorio controlado investigó la efectividad del protocolo administrado por Terapeutas EMDR con experiencia. En el estudio participaron 39 auxiliadores traumatizados y en servicio activo, que fueron asignados al azar para recibir una sesión de 90 minutos, ya fuera del EMDR-PROPARA o de Consejería de Apoyo. Los participantes tratados con el EMDR-PROPARA mostraron beneficios inmediatos después del tratamiento; con un decremento de los puntajes de la Short PTSD Rating Interview (SPRINT), que continuó observándose hasta el segundo seguimiento a los tres meses. En comparación, los participantes que fueron tratados con Consejería de Apoyo, tuvieron un decremento no significativo después del tratamiento y un aumento en los puntajes del SPRINT en el segundo seguimiento. Las diferencias significativas entre los dos tratamientos proporcionan evidencia preliminar, que apoya la eficacia del EMDR-PROPARA para reducir la severidad de los síntomas postraumáticos y en la mejoría subjetiva global. Se recomienda realizar mayor investigación controlada para evaluar de manera más extensa la eficacia de esta intervención.
EMDR y psicosis: Pautas de conceptualización y tratamiento
Authors: Van den Berg David P. G. , Van der Vleugel Berber M. , Staring Anton B. P. , De Bont Paul A. J. , De Jongh Ad
Published: October 2018

Un porcentaje significativo de clientes con psicosis ha experimentado trauma infantil y sufre de trastorno de estrés postraumático comórbido. Las investigaciones indican que la exposición a eventos angustiosos los primeros años de vida juega un papel importante en la aparición y persistencia de síntomas psicóticos, ya sea directa o indirectamente. El Enfoque de Dos Métodos para la conceptualización de EMDR y los recientes descubrimientos sobre el reprocesamiento de las imágenes relacionadas con la psicosis encajan con los modelos cognitivos actuales de psicosis. En este artículo se presentan una serie de pautas preliminares para conceptualizar el tratamiento EMDR de la psicosis, basadas tanto en la teoría como en la experiencia clínica, y se ilustran con ejemplos de casos. Se describen diversos obstáculos y estrategias de tratamiento para el uso de EMDR en la psicosis. El EMDR para la psicosis puede combinarse muy bien con otras intervenciones estándar, tales como la medicación psicotrópica y la terapia cognitivo-conductual.
Un rôle possible pour l'EMDR : le traitement des traumas chez les patients psychotiques. Quatre vignettes cliniques
Authors: Laugharne Richard , Marshall Deborah , Laugharne Jon , Hassard Alan
Published: October 2018

Beaucoup de patients souffrant de psychose fonctionnelle ont connu un passé traumatique et présentent des symptômes d'ESPT (état de stress post-traumatique) ; certains peuvent aussi être traumatisés par leurs propres symptômes psychotiques. Nous présentons ici une série de vignettes cliniques décrivant le traitement EMDR (désensibilisation et retraitement par les mouvements oculaires) de quatre patients souffrant de psychose fonctionnelle et ayant tous un passé de traumatisation sévère. Après le traitement, tous les patients ont présenté une réduction de leurs symptômes d'ESPT et ont rapporté également une amélioration de leur qualité de vie. Le suivi, entre trois et six ans plus tard, a montré que les effets du traitement s'étaient maintenus, avec des changements manifestes : élimination des éléments délirants d'origine traumatique, réduction de l'anxiété et de la dépression, réduction du nombre d'hospitalisations, et amélioration globale de la qualité de vie des sujets. Comme les patients psychotiques ont plus fréquemment que les autres un passé de traumatismes et des symptômes d'ESPT, et que le trauma peut être une composante étiologique du déclenchement d'une psychose, il nous paraît nécessaire d'étudier et d'explorer l'EMDR en tant qu'opportunité de traitement.
Intervenciones Humanitarias para la Recuperación del Trauma con Terapia EMDR en Latinoamérica y el Caribe
Authors: Jarero Ignacio , Artigas Lucina , Uribe Susana , Miranda Alaide
Published: October 2018

Este artículo presenta un resumen de las Intervenciones Humanitarias para la Recuperación del Trauma con Terapia de Reprocesamiento y Desensibilización a través del Movimiento Ocular (EMDR) en Latinoamérica y el Caribe y proporciona al lector ejemplos de historias clínicas obtenidas en la primera línea de apoyo. A lo largo de los muchos años realizando trabajo de campo, hemos observado que el trauma psicológico, como consecuencia de las situaciones multifacéticas que enfrentan los individuos y comunidades después de un desastre, implica un gran reto. En el presente artículo, describimos las Intervenciones Humanitarias con Terapia EMDR realizadas desde 1998 en Latinoamérica y el Caribe, para tratar las perturbaciones psicológicas que se presentan en las y los sobrevivientes después de desastres naturales (ej. inundaciones, deslizamientos de tierra, terremotos), desastres provocados por el hombre, masacres humanas y violencia interpersonal severa. Se ha proporcionado tratamiento a niños, adolescentes y adultos sobrevivientes, frecuentemente en las comunidades donde ocurrieron los desastres; así como a auxiliadores y a pacientes con cáncer. Los protocolos de Intervención Temprana con Terapia EMDR son intervenciones breves y efectivas que pueden ser utilizadas en campo o en situaciones de emergencia. Existe un cuerpo de investigaciones que apoyan el uso de protocolos modificados de Terapia EMDR para tratar el trauma agudo en formatos de atención individual y grupal (Jarero, Artigas, & Luber, 2011).