bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Infección invasiva por Candida spp. En pacientes inmunocomprometidos: Descripción de curso clínico experiencia diagnóstica, manejo y seguimiento en centro de alta complejidad
Authors: Moncada Pablo Andrés , Candelo Karen Daniela , Sierra-Ruiz Melibea , Rosso Fernando , Martínez Luisa Fernanda , De Paz David Andrés , Pacheco Robinson , Cuartas María Alejandra
Published: April 2020

Introducción: Candida spp. Es la principal causa de fungemia, cuya incidencia ha aumentado en los últimos años. Existen datos locales insuficientes sobre este tipo de infecciones. Materiales y métodos: Este fue un estudio observacional retrospectivo de 44 pacientes diagnosticados con candidiasis invasiva hospitalizados en la Fundación Valle del Lili, el cual es un centro de cuarto nivel afiliado a la Universidad Icesi en el Suroccidente Colombiano, entre los años 2012 a 2017. Resultados: Se identificaron 44 pacientes con candidiasis invasiva, 27 de ellos mujeres (61%). La mediana de edad fue de 56 años (36 – 70). Más del 50% tenían una enfermedad crónica subyacente, uso de antibióticos (84%), catéter venoso central (80%), ventilación mecánica (68%) y nutrición enteral (66%) El 80% requirió manejo en unidad de cuidados intensivos (UCI) donde debutaron con sepsis (68%) y falla respiratoria (61%). En el 90% de los casos se aisló alguna especie de Candida spp. A partir de hemocultivo y sólo al 22% se le realizó prueba de sensibilidad. El tratamiento de elección fue con fluconazol (80%), asociado a caspofungina (70%). La tasa de mortalidad fue del 49%, con una mediana de 33 (22-49,5) días desde el ingreso hasta el fallecimiento. C. albicans fue el principal microorganismo aislado. La resistencia a azoles en especies no albicans existe en nuestro medio. Conclusión: La candidiasis se presenta como candidemia asociada a infección bacteriana concomitante, que cobra mayor importancia en el contexto del paciente inmunosuprimido asociado a elevadas tasas de mortalidad.
Volumen plaquetario medio como predictor de la mortalidad en pacientes con sepsis: revisión sistemática y metanálisis
Authors: Vélez-Paez Jorge Luis , Velarde-Montero Carlos , Irigoyen-Mogro Estefanía , Vélez-Páez Pablo , Cifuentes-López Paulina , Vélez Jorge W. , Albitres-Flores Leonardo , Barboza Joshuan J.
Published: April 2020

Introducción: El volumen medio plaquetario (VMP) es un biomarcador utilizado en el abordaje integral de la sepsis. Objetivo: Evaluar la asociación entre VMP con la mortalidad en pacientes con sepsis. Métodos: Se realizó una revisión sistemática de estudios observacionales en cinco bases de datos. Se analizó la mortalidad asociada con la sepsis; las intervenciones consideradas fueron VMP, APACHE y lactato sérico. Resultados: Respecto a la mortalidad asociada a sepsis, se encontró un valor significativo en la VMP a las 72 horas (200 fallecidos versus 654 no fallecidos; MD 0.83 IC95% 0.53-1.13, p= <0.0001, I2=72.9%); así como el valor de APACHE II (220 muertos frente a 604 no fallecidos; MD 0.81 IC95% 0.62-1.0, p= <0.0001, I2=32%). No se encontró significancia estadística para las demás variables clínicas. Conclusiones: El aumento de la VMP se asocia con mayor riesgo de mortalidad en pacientes con sepsis, especialmente después de 72 horas de evolución de las características clínicas.
Uso compasional de tigeciclina intraventricular en pacientes con ventriculitis causada por Enterococcus faecium. Reporte de seis casos pediátricos
Authors: Samudio-Domínguez Gloria Celeste , Ortiz-Cuquejo Lidia María
Published: April 2020

Introducción: La Tigeciclina es un fármaco de uso restringido en pediatría. El uso de este antibiótico por vía intraventricular es una decisión de uso compasivo en casos de bacterias altamente resistentes, y para los casos en que no exista otra alternativa. Caso clínico: Se presenta seis casos de pacientes con diagnóstico de ventriculitis a Enterococcus faecium que recibieron tigeciclina intraventricular con evolución bacteriológica exitosa. Se discute las dosis utilizadas por vía endovenosa e intraventricular. Conclusiones: el uso de este antibiótico por vía intraventricular puede ser una alternativa exitosa en casos de gérmenes altamente resistentes y cuando no exista otra alternativa terapéutica.
Una aproximación a la tuberculosis resistente a isoniazida: ¿un problema subestimado en Colombia?
Authors: García José , Rodríguez-Tabares Juan Felipe , Orozco-Erazo Cristian Eduardo , Parra-Lara Luis Gabriel , Velez Juan Diego , Moncada Pablo Andrés , Rosso Fernando
Published: April 2020

Objetivo: Describir las características clínicas y desenlaces al tratamiento de los pacientes con tuberculosis resistente a isoniazida (Hr-TB) en una institución del suroccidente colombiano. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional retrospectivo. Se incluyeron pacientes con confirmación diagnóstica, aislamiento microbiológico, pruebas de susceptibilidad a fármacos y evidencia de Hr-TB. Resultados: Se incluyeron 32 pacientes con Hr-TB entre 2006-2018 que corresponden al 6% (32/528) de resistencia del total de casos. El 78% (n=25) fueron casos nuevos, resistencia primaria, y el 22% (n=7) previamente tratados, resistencia adquirida. La comorbilidad más frecuente fue infección por VIH (n=9). El patrón de Hr-TB mostró en 23 (72%) casos con alto nivel, 4 (12%) de bajo nivel y 5 (16%) con bajo y alto nivel. El análisis de resultados al tratamiento se realizó a 22 pacientes, presentando el 50% cura, el 41% tratamiento completo y 9% muerte relacionada con la tuberculosis. Conclusiones: La Hr-TB predomina en los casos nuevos, lo que supone un obstáculo al tratamiento donde no se realizan las pruebas de susceptibilidad de forma rutinaria.
Sculptural sounds: a co-compositional approach
Authors: Eleni-Ira Panourgia
Published: April 2020

This article discusses a specific approach to sound from a sculptural perspective, based on an innovative process named "co-composition", in which physical and sonic material can be concurrently produced, rearranged and transformed in a solo environment. This approach investigates ways of working with the direct response of materials to performed actions by mapping actions of making in ways that can inform new actions through sound. I question the way sculptural sounds are caused and how sounds and their real-time transformation could influence the way I understand the process as a practitioner and researcher, and how this is experienced by the audience. How does the process change once sound is transformed to something different, new? How does this affect practising with sound as more than sound? To achieve this, I develop new ways of articulating aesthetic decisions from one medium to the other on the basis of their "stories" as they are manifested through traces of material manipulation.
...CHE SONANDO APPARISCONO – desire for sounding meanings through a musician's practice
Authors: Marianna Henriksson
Published: April 2020

The exposition presents a performer's perspective in studying Frescobaldi's toccatas. The concept of "desire" is applied to describe both the performer’s process and the internal structures of music: as a philosophical concept, desire describes a musician’s transcendental and procedural act of turning the written music into sounding music; as a musical concept in the context of early tonal music, it describes tensions, expectations and various ways to arrive to a release.

The reflection of a musician’s process is supplemented by readings of research related to toccatas and Frescobaldi, and theoretical writings of the time such as Galilei, Zarlino, Descartes and of course, Frescobaldi himself. Associative verbalization is developed as a tool to aid the musician’s desiring process of leaping from notes to performance.

The exposition is built around a brief central text acting as a frame, from which links on coloured words lead to further explorations. Some of them are lengthier, some shorter, touching the subject from different angles, sometimes erring to tangential thoughts. Together they form an essential part of the exposition and contain references to other research. The reader can either read the central text first and then come back to the links, or jump to the chapters as they appear. The exposition seeks to be enjoyable but somewhat wandering – it can be seen as a sort of a toccata itself.
Los objetivos de desarrollo sostenible y su inclusión en Colombia
Authors: Perea Hinestroza Luis Marino
Published: April 2020

El presente artículo resalta la importancia que tiene en Colombia la temática de los objetivos de desarrollo sostenible (ODS) y las consecuencias de la generación de contaminación que ha provocado el ser humano en su hábitat y cómo dichos elementos han generado un impacto negativo en la producción diaria y en la salud de los seres vivos. El texto también hará una aproximación temporal al proceso de creación de los ODS y cómo estos fueron establecidos con el fin de ser implementados por las políticas públicas, entidades o personas naturales en el mundo. Por último, se resalta el papel de Colombia para la ejecución de los ODS y su desempeño.
Anatomy, chlorophyll content and photosynthetic performance in current-year and previous-year Aleppo pine (Pinus halepensis Mill.) needles
Authors: Trstenjak Tomo , Dunic Antunovic , Mlinaric Selma , Begovic Lidija , Skoro Marin , Cesar Vera , Lepedus Hrvoje
Published: April 2020

Aleppo pine (Pinus halepensis) is a widespread Mediterranean woody species.
Needles usually fall off the tree after the second year, which can be the
reason for substantial crown defoliation under extreme environmental stress.
The aim of the present investigation was to compare the anatomy, chlorophyll
content and photosynthetic performance in current-year (CY) and
previous-year (PY) Aleppo pine needles. Chlorophyll concentrations were
determined spectrophotometrically, while photosynthetic performance was
determined by measuring the increase in chlorophyll a fluorescence (the JIP
test). The obtained results revealed that concentrations of chlorophylls a
and b were almost twice as great in PY needles as in CY ones. The
chlorophyll a to b ratio and values of the maximum quantum yield of
photosystem II (Fv/Fm) showed no statistically significant difference
between CY and PY needles. However, the performance index (PIABS) was
significantly higher in CY needles compared to PY ones. Analysis of PIABS
components revealed that CY needles had increased electron transport beyond
the primary electron acceptor, QA -, which was associated with a lower value
of variable fluorescence at 2 ms (VJ) in comparison with PY needles. Also,
some differences were observed in needle anatomy. Current-year needles had
an increased proportion of mesophyll tissue, together with decreased
proportions of vascular cylinder and resin duct areas. Also, many more
starch grains were present in PY than in CY needles. Based on the presented
results, it can be concluded that despite considerably lower chlorophyll
content, CY needles exhibited photosynthetic performance better than that of
older needles, which is an unusual phenomenon in woody species.
Chemical composition of the essential oil of Salvia bracteata banks and the biological activity of its extracts: Antioxidant, total phenolic, total flavonoid, antifungal and allelopathic effects
Authors: Yılar Melih , Bayar Yusuf , Bayar Ahu , Genc Nusret
Published: April 2020

The present study was conducted with the aim of determining biological
activities of the Salvia bracteata plant, activities such as its
antioxidant, total phenolic, total flavonoid, allelopathic and antifungal
effects. To this end, aboveground parts (flowers + shoots + leaves) of S.
bracteata plants were collected in the province of K?r?ehir, Turkey, during
the flowering stage in 2018. As a result of GC-MS analysis, 23 constituents
were identified, representing 96.21% of the essential oil. The major
compounds of essential oil were identified as ledol (24.12%), camphor
(15.54%) and valencene (5.64%). In ethyl acetate, methanol and hexane
extracts of S. bracteata, total phenolic content was found to be 104.63,
121.66 and 20.97 mg of GAE/g of extract, respectively, while flavonoid
content was 12.89, 10.85 and 1.13 mg of QE/g of extract, respectively. In
addition to this, DPPH radical removal activity was identified and found to
be at its highest in the methanol and ethyl acetate extracts. The TEAC
(cation radical removal activity), FRAP (iron reduction power) and CUPRAC
(copper reduction power) reduction activities of these plant extracts were
also determined. The methanol extract of S. bracteata was found to have an
allelopathic effect on Rumex crispus and Taraxacum officinale. This extract
had a weak effect on development of the mycelium of Alternaria solani
Sorauer, one of the most significant of plant-pathogenic fungi, but it was
found to be ineffective on the Sclerotinia sclerotiorum pathogen.
Basalt-polyester hybrid composite materials for demanding wear applications
Authors: Abusahmin Faisal , Algellai Ahmed , Tomic Natasa , Vuksanovic Marija , Majstorovic Jelena , Volkov-Husovic Tatjana , Simic Vladimir , Jancic-Heinemann Radmila , Toljic Marinko , Kovacevic Jovan
Published: April 2020

Basalt as a filler in a polymer-based composite material fulfils the demand
of being natural, environment-friendly material for the production of
various composite materials. The material could be used as protective layer
and the abrasion should be tested in order to evaluate the properties of the
material. The cavitation test enables the evaluation of the possible service
in conditions that simulate the extensive erosion. The presence of basalt in
the matrix improves the resistance to cavitation. The possibility to further
improve the material could be obtained using the reinforcement of the matrix
itself by incorporation of submicron ceramic particles into the composite.
The obtained hybrid composite material with the addition of reinforcement in
the matrix further improves the cavitation resistance.
Cost analysis of T6 induction heat treatment for the aluminum-copper powder metal compacts
Authors: Taştan Mehmet , Gökozan Hayrettin , Çavdar Pınar , Soy Gürkan , Çavdar Uğur
Published: April 2020

This work compares an energy cost and an energy consumption results of the 4
wt.% cupper mixed aluminum based powder metal (PM) compacts processing under
induction or furnace heating. Total power and energy consumptions and total
energy costs per kilogram and compact have been analyzed. T6 precipitation
heat treatment applications have been applied with two different methods,
one with 2.8 kW, 900 kHz ultra-high frequency induction heating system
(UHFIHS), other with 2 kW chamber furnace. In the first method, Al-Cu PM
compacts have been heated by induction at 580 ?C in one minute and then
cooled down by water. Afterwards, the samples have been heated 170, 180, 190
and 200?C respectively for artificial ageing and cooled naturally. In the
second treatment, unlike the first study, Al-Cu PM compacts are heated by
chamber furnace at 540?C in 5 hours and cooled by water. Then PM compacts
are artificially aged at 190?C in 10 hours with same furnace. During both
processes, energy and power consumptions for each defined process have been
measured. Optimum heat treatment of the induction is determined. The cheaper
energy cost is obtained by the induction heat treatment.
Antimicrobial effects of carbonaceous material functionalized with silver
Authors: Milanovic Srdjan , Potkonjak Nebojsa , Mandusic Vesna , Cokesa Djuro , Hranisavljevic Jelena , Kaludjerovic Branka
Published: April 2020

Carbonaceous materials as well as its form functionalized with metallic
silver have been prepared by hydrothermal carbonization of fructose. Results
are presented to show that nanostructured silver was obtained through the
functionalization process. The carbonaceous materials were characterized by:
nitrogen adsorption/desorption measurement, XRD, SEM/EDS and FTIR. Samples
functionalized with silver were analyzed by: XRD and SEM/EDS. The XRD
analysis showed that the carbonaceous materials functionalized with silver
by hydrothermal carbonization process were successfully performed. Size of
silver particles was found to be approximately 32 nm, indicating formation
of nanostructure. All samples were tested as an antimicrobial agent for
water disinfection. Presence of nanostructured silver in the sample
containing 1 mg/mL carbonaceous materials significantly decreased the number
of CFU (dCFU = 97.33 %) if compared to the same sample containing the same
amount of carbonaceous materials but without of silver (dCFU 65.33 %).
Transketolase Deficiency in Adipose Tissues Protects Mice From Diet-Induced Obesity by Promoting Lipolysis
Authors: Tian Na , Liu Qi , Li Yakui , Tong Lingfeng , Lu Ying , Zhu Yemin , Zhang Ping , Chen Hanbei , Hu Lei , Meng Jian , Feng Ming , Li Minle , Zheng Liang , Li Bin , Xu Tianle , Wu Lifang , Tong Xuemei
Published: April 2020

Obesity has recently become a prevalent health threat worldwide. Although emerging evidence has suggested a strong link between the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) and obesity, the role of transketolase (TKT), an enzyme in the nonoxidative branch of the PPP that connects PPP and glycolysis, remains obscure in adipose tissues. In this study, we specifically deleted TKT in mouse adipocytes and found no obvious phenotype upon normal diet feeding. However, adipocyte TKT abrogation attenuated high-fat diet–induced obesity, reduced hepatic steatosis, improved glucose tolerance, alleviated insulin resistance, and increased energy expenditure. Mechanistically, TKT deficiency accumulated nonoxidative PPP metabolites and decreased glycolysis and pyruvate input into the mitochondria, leading to increased lipolytic enzyme gene expression and enhanced lipolysis, fatty acid oxidation, and mitochondrial respiration. Therefore, our data not only identify a novel role of TKT in regulating lipolysis and obesity but also suggest that limiting glucose-derived carbon into the mitochondria induces lipid catabolism and energy expenditure.
Microbiota-Related Metabolites and the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Vangipurapu Jagadish , Fernandes Silva Lilian , Kuulasmaa Teemu , Smith Ulf , Laakso Markku
Published: April 2020

OBJECTIVE

Recent studies have highlighted the significance of the microbiome in human health and disease. Changes in the metabolites produced by microbiota have been implicated in several diseases. Our objective was to identify microbiome metabolites that are associated with type 2 diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

Our study included 5,181 participants from the cross-sectional Metabolic Syndrome in Men (METSIM) study that included Finnish men (age 57 ± 7 years, BMI 26.5 ± 3.5 kg/m2) having metabolomics data available. Metabolomics analysis was performed based on fasting plasma samples. On the basis of an oral glucose tolerance test, Matsuda ISI and disposition index values were calculated as markers of insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion. A total of 4,851 participants had a 7.4-year follow-up visit, and 522 participants developed type 2 diabetes.

RESULTS

Creatine, 1-palmitoleoylglycerol (16:1), urate, 2-hydroxybutyrate/2-hydroxyisobutyrate, xanthine, xanthurenate, kynurenate, 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)lactate, 1-oleoylglycerol (18:1), 1-myristoylglycerol (14:0), dimethylglycine, and 2-hydroxyhippurate (salicylurate) were significantly associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes. These metabolites were associated with decreased insulin secretion or insulin sensitivity or both. Among the metabolites that were associated with a decreased risk of type 2 diabetes, 1-linoleoylglycerophosphocholine (18:2) significantly reduced the risk of type 2 diabetes.

CONCLUSIONS

Several novel and previously reported microbial metabolites related to the gut microbiota were associated with an increased risk of incident type 2 diabetes, and they were also associated with decreased insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity. Microbial metabolites are important biomarkers for the risk of type 2 diabetes.
IN EXPERIMENTAL RAT DIABETES TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR MAFA IS SYNTHESIZED IN DIFFERENTIATED PANCREATIC ISLET CELLS AND DOES NOT SERVE AS A MARKER OF PROGENITOR CELLS
Authors: Kaligin M. S , Titova A. A , Andreeva D. I , Titova M. A , Gumerova A. A , Kiyasov A. P
Published: April 2020

Different transcription factors, which are synthesized at different stages of cell differentiation, are often considered markers of p-cell precursors. One of these transcription factors is MafA, the role of which is not fully understood. According to one hypothesis, it activates insulin gene expression in the differentiating p-cells. According to another, this factor is only necessary for the regulation of insulin secretion by already differentiated p-cells. In favor of the latter hypothesis, we showed that MafA is not expressed in the immature p-cells during the prenatal development of the human pancreas. In order to finally determine whether MafA is a marker of differentiating cells or it is synthesized in already mature p-cells the aim of our investigation was the analysis of dynamical changes of MafA-positive cell population and C-kit-positive endocrinocyte precursors in Langerhans islets during experimental diabetes in rats. The study was performed on male Wistar rats (250-300g body weight) which were intraperitoneally injected with alloxan. Animals were sacrificed 1,2, 7, 14, 21 days of the experiment for the morphological analysis of pancreas. Paraffin sections of pancreas were stained immunohistochemically with antibodies against MafA, C-kit, insulin and glucagon. The maximum number of MafA-positive cells in the islets was found during normal prenatal development of pancreas. At all stages of the experimental diabetes the number of MafA-positive cells in the islets decreased, wherein the number of insulin-positive cells in the islets increased by the end of the first and third weeks of the experiment. It was also established that in experimental diabetes, changes in populations of MafA- and C-kit-positive cells occur in different ways. Thus, the results of our research showed that MafA cannot be considered as a marker of progenitor cells and is expressed only in the mature cells of the Langerhans islets, that confirms our previous data obtained during the study of prenatal development of human pancreas.
A comparative analysis of cultivation techniques of epithelial stem cells of cornea and creation of biomedical cell product (biocomposite) on the basis biocompatible matrix and stem cells
Authors: Kvacheva Z. B , Vasilevich I. B , Chekina A. Y , Marchenko L. N , Dzhumova M. F , Pinchuk C. V. , Fedulov A. S , Volotovski I. D
Published: April 2020

In recent years the autologous stem cells of front cornea epithelium (CSC) are increasingly used in the treatment of degenerative diseases of this transparent part of the outer shell of the eye. Limb is considered as a specialized storage for these cells in eye. A number of techniques for isolation of stem cells from limb epithelium and their cultivation in vitro were developed. Goal of the work: To analyze the possibilities of two methods of cultivation of epithelial stem cells front epithelium of cornea (CSC), explants and suspension ones by criteria of efficiency of proliferation, time consumption and constancy of morphology and function parameters of cell cultures. To study of biocompatibility of CSC with commercial gel preparations for its application as an ingredient of biocomposite to use in clinical practice. The primary multilayer CSC cultures were obtained by two methods (explant and suspension) from biopsies of intact parts of cornea limb of 10 patients at the age from 39 to 73 years suffering different types of ceratopathies. Under comparative analysis of CSC cultures their viability, proliferation potential and immunophenotype were investigated. It was shown that explant method is more effective as compared with suspension one as it allows to gain the significant amount of cells with epithelium like morphology. The cell population was presented primarily by epithelium CSC: 95% of cells synthesized K19+ protein. CSC proliferation index of cells isolated by explant method was by 3.5-4 times higher, the time of doubling of population at cultivation in DMEM/F12 medium with 10 ng/ml of EGF was 48 h. Using explant method from one limb biopsy (1 х2 mm) a biomass of CSC in amount of 4 ± 1,2 mln during 3-4 weeks (1-2 passages) was obtained. It was show under investigation for biocompatibility of cells with a number of commercial gel preparations that preparation Provisk is the best on this indicator and this allows to recommend it as a carrier for cells when biomedical cell product are produced.
Comparison of the effectiveness of available sources of autologous colony-forming endothelial cells
Authors: Matveeva V. G , Antonova L. V , Velikanova EA. A , Sardin E. S , Barbarash O. L
Published: April 2020

Endothelial Colony-forming cells (ECFCs) are valuable material for tissue vascular engineering and cell therapy of ischemic tissues. Difficult isolation is the main problem for using of ECFCs. ECFCs isolation from peripheral blood and adipose tissue has been previously described. In the presented research we compared effectiveness of peripheral blood, subcutaneous and epicardial adipose tissue for the ECFCs isolation without cell sorting. ECFCs was isolated from peripheral blood, subcutaneous and epicardial adipose tissue obtained from coronary heart disease patients (males, n=8) undergoing elective coronary artery bypass surgery. The stromal-vascular fraction of subcutaneous (SVF-ST) and epicardial (SVF-ET) adipose tissue as well as the mononuclear blood fraction (MNF) were cultivated in the complied EGM-2 medium. Cell cultures phenotyping was performed by flow cytometry and confocal microscopy. Their angiogenic (Matrigel) and proliferative activity (xCELLigence analyzer) in vitro were studied. ECFCs were isolated from MNF in 50% of cases, from SVF-ST in 12.5% and SVF-ET in 37.5%. The proliferative activity of ECFCs isolated from adipose tissue was low while cultures from MNF showed high and medium activity in 75% of cases. Pure ECFCs (more 99%) were obtained from MNF to third passage without cell sorting. Cultures from adipose tissue were contaminated by mesenchymal-stromal cells (MSCs) and contained ECFCs and MSCs. Thus, peripheral blood is the most effective source of autologous ECFCs compared with adipose tissue for this isolation method. However, adipose tissue is a suitable source of MSC and mixed cultures of MSC and endothelial cells.
The effect of TiO2 nanotubes layered on surfaces of titanium to be used in implantology on the proliferative and secretory activity of fibroblasts
Authors: Fadeyev F. A , Khrunyk Y. Y , Belikov S. V , Lugovets D. V , Gubaeva O. V , Leontyev S. L , Sazonov S. V , Popov A. A
Published: April 2020

Nowadays titanium and its alloys are the most widely used metallic materials in medicine. In comparison with other metals, titanium has several advantages including biocompatibility, good mechanic properties and corrosion resistance. This research was focused on the studies of proliferative and secretory characteristics of human fibroblasts, cultured on nanotube-layered titanium surfaces as well as the levels of collagen and non-collagenous proteins deposition. Experiments were performed with 2 fibroblast lines isolated from skin samples of 2 donors. Fibroblasts were grown on titanium disks with untreated and anodized surfaces and on the tissue culture treated plastic. Cells were fixed after 3, 5, 7 and 9 days of cultivation. At each time point six samples were analyzed for each surface type. Cell density was estimated by counting cell nuclei, stained with DAPI. IL-6, IL-8/CXCL8 and pro-collagen I concentrations were measured by ELISA, the quantity of collagen and non-collagenic proteins on surfaces was calculated by measuring the level of absorption of Sirius Red and Fast Green dyes, respectively. The results of experiments indicate that the modification of titanium surface with nanotubes does not trigger the formation of fibrous capsule during osseointegration. However, elevated levels of secreted chemokine IL-8/CXCL8, which attracts neutrophils, were observed on anodized samples thus implying possible increased inflammatory response. To get more insights on the role of nanotubes in osseointegration further research is needed.
Tay-Sachs disease: diagnostic, modeling and treatment approaches
Authors: Solovyeva V. V , Shaimardanova A. A , Chulpanova D. S , Kitaeva K. V , Rizvanov A. A
Published: April 2020

Tay-Sachs disease (OMIM 272800) belongs to the group of autosomal-recessive disorders, caused by p-hexosaminidase A (HexA) enzyme deficiency, resulting in GM2-ganglioside accumulation in nervous and other tissues of the body. Enzyme deficiency is caused by various mutations in HEXA gene. Clinical symptom severity depends on residual HexA enzymatic activity associated with some mutations. Currently, there is no effective treatment for Tay-Sachs disease. There are clinical reports of substrate reduction therapy, bone marrow or umbilical cord blood transplantation. However, the therapeutic efficacy of these methods remains insufficient to prevent aggravation of neurological symptoms in Tay-Sachs disease patients. Encouraging results were obtained using gene therapy to deliver wild-type genes encoding the а and p subunits of HexA. This review discusses the therapeutic strategies in Tay-Sachs disease treatment, as well as diagnostic methods and existing animal models to evaluate the effectiveness of new approaches for Tay-Sachs disease therapy.
PELATIHAN PENULISAN KARYA TULIS ILMIAH BAGI GURU SMK MUHAMMADIYAH
Authors: Hariri Hasan , Karwan Dedy Hermanto
Published: April 2020

Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini adalah secara khusus ditujukan kepada guru-guru Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan (SMK) Muhammadiyah Provinsi Lampung, yang secara umum perlu ditingkatkan pengetahuan dan kemampuannya dalam menulis artikel ilmiah yang merupakan salah satu unsur penting dalam  pengembangan keprofesian berkelanjutan (PKB) guru. Tujuan kegiatan ini adalah untuk (1) memberikan pengetahuan dan pemahaman tentang cara-cara menulis karya ilmiah khususnya artikel jurnal nasional, (2) membantu guru menghasilkan karya ilmiah berupa naskah artikel tentang pendidikan sesuai bidang dan program keahlian mereka di sekolah untuk layak terbit setidak-tidaknya pada jurnal nasional.Pelatihan ini diawali dengan penjelasan disertai contoh-contoh (dari judul, latar belakang, metode, hasil, pembahasan, kesimpulan, implikasi, dan referensi).  Selanjutnya peserta diberi tugas latihan menulis dengan topik sesuai minat mereka dan dibawa pulang, dan setelah lima hari bertemu lagi dengan membawa hasil tulisan mereka. Secara umum perubahan pengetahuan dan kemampuan sebagai hasil pelatihan, yaitu peserta dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan dan kemampuan menulis karya  ilmiah, dibandingkan sebelum pelatihan, berdasarkan kenaikan skor rata-rata yang meningkat dan hasil interview setelah mengikuti proses pelatihan.
An Assessment of the Relationship Between Part-Time Instructors and Performance of University Graduates in Kenya’s Economy: Effects of Salary Payments
Authors: Musa Grace Akinyi
Published: April 2020

In Kenya, Universities are divided into two categories; Public and private Universities.  Finances of these Universities come from various sources such as fees received from modules one and two students, capitalization from the government, cash received from international and local organizations such as grants and monies generated by the Universities. Research has shown that despite receiving these monies from different sources, most Universities in Kenya have been submerged into financial crisis. This ranges from non payment of part time Instructors’ salaries and non payment of full time Instructors extra income for hours worked above the required time, among other factors. These facts notwithstanding, it has been observed that in Kenya’s Universities, the average ratio of part time Instructors to full time Instructors is 2:1 at a minimum. This implies that the part time Instructors input are of significance to the students’ final output and Kenya’s economy performance as well. It is expected that when part time Instructors are not rewarded for services rendered by them, the end result would translate into low quality graduates. This would not only affect the Universities standards but the graduates’ performance in the business world hence lowering the general education standard of the whole economy. The general objective of the study was an assessment of the relationship between part time Instructors and performance of Universities graduates in Kenya’s economy.

The study applied the Theory of ‘A bird in Hand’ based on the fact that money loses value and therefore Instructors are interested in their cash returns at the earliest opportunity possible. A cross sectional research design was adopted since data was collected once within a short period. Total population comprised of forty eight Part time Instructors and twelve employment organizations from all regions of Kenya. The study applied a stratified random technique to select the despondences. The null hypothesis was tested at 5% level of significance.  Findings of the study revealed a positive significant relationship between part time Instructors and performance of Universities graduates in the Kenyan economy. The study established that non payment of salaries, poor working conditions and   all contributed towards the production of half backed graduates who could not match the industry requirements.
Organizational Culture, Work Commitment and Compensation Effect on Job Satisfaction and Police Members Performance in Makassar Metropolitan City Police (POLRESTABES)
Authors: Ruddin Saha , Mus Abdul Rahman , Latief Baharuddin , Andriani Budi
Published: April 2020

An important moment of the application of human resource management is to make every Police members in an organization able to carry out its vision, mission, main tasks and functions as well as the values ​​adopted by an organization to progress and develop. The purpose of this study is to analyze the influence of organizational culture, commitment and compensation on job satisfaction and Police Members performance, to analyze the effect of job satisfaction on Police Members performance, and to analyze the influence of organizational culture, commitment and compensation through job satisfaction on Police Members performance.The study was conducted in Makassar metropolitan city police (Polrestabes) with a population of 2.160 people and the sample was determined by full sampling of 187 Police Members. Data from the questionnaire were analyzed using the Structural Equation Model using AMOS 18 assistance. The results of the study found that  organizational culture and work commitment has a positive effect on Police Members satisfaction. Compensation and  organizational culture has a negative effect on Police Members satisfaction. Directly, organizational commitment,  compensation and job satisfaction  has a positive effect on Police Members performance. Indirectly, organizational culture, organizational commitment and compensation through job satisfaction has a positive and significant effect on Police Members performance.
An Optimized Method Using CNN, RF, Cuckoo Search and HOG for Early Detection of Eye Disease in Humans
Authors: Jipeng Tian , S. Manasa , Manjunath T. C.
Published: April 2020

Glaucoma is a group of eye diseases that cause damage to the optic nerve, causing the successive narrowing of the visual field in affected patients due to increased intraocular pressure, which can lead the patient, at an advanced stage, to blindness without clinical reversal. As we have heard and seen from generations across that Glaucoma has been and is still one of the leading diseases that has permanent damage if untreated. As per the current research it says that 79 Million are affected BY 2020 which are untreated. So, to make it easy for us humans, early detection is one of the best way to create awareness and treat the diseased. After having gone through the majority of the literatures, have seen that when LBP is given to HOG has accurate results for better feature extraction than other methods, also application of Cuckoo search (CS) algorithm, Random forest (for classifying) and Conventional Neural Network (for segmentation) have better outcome compared to the previously used hybrid algorithm methods to detected the diseased from the normal eye. So, to achieve this I will be using Matlab tool as it produces more accurate results than any other platform. In one of the paper LBP algorithm has been extensively used to obtain the desired results but when learnt about HOG, it looked as it has better properties to enhance the required results when combined along with LBP. CS is another unique method to analyze on aggregation of the image texture.
Technological Review of Tubular Daylight Guide System from 1982 to 2020
Authors: Malet-Damour Bruno , Bigot Dimitri , Boyer Harry
Published: April 2020

T.D.G.S., “Tubular Daylight Guidance Systems”, are natural lighting processes based on the transport of light. In 1990, they were judged by Littlefair as the most innovative technology in daylighting [1]. From 1982 to 2020, this paper is a state of the art on the different processes of tubular daylight guide systems. The key words used to carry out the census are light pipe; light tube; light guide; sun pipes; solar pipes; solar light pipes; daylight pipes; tubular skylight; sun scoop; tubular daylighting device; tubular daylight guide systems; mirrored light pipe. A classification by type of process is proposed (collection, transport or diffusion) for each technology identified in the literature.
FEATURES OF DIRECT DEMOCRACY IN SWITZERLAND
Authors: Solomonova Svetlana A.
Published: April 2020

The subject. The article is about the peculiarities of referendum and popular initiative which are the main forms and institutions of direct democracy in Switzerland.

The purpose of the article is to determine the peculiarities of direct democracy in Switzer-land and characterize its main forms: referendum and popular initiative. In order to achieve the objective the following tasks can be defined: 1) to find the origins and identify the variations of forms of direct democracy in Switzerland; 2) to trace the evolution of en-shrining on the statutory level of such institutions of direct democracy in Switzerland as referendum and legislative initiative from the time of their conceiving till the enactment of the actual Constitution; 3) where relevant, to perform a brief comparative analysis of the forms of direct democracy in Switzerland and similar institutions shaped in other countries; 4) to define the role and meaning of referendum and legislative initiative in history as well as in the modern stage of the development of the Swiss State.

The methodology of the study includes the use of general scientific methods (description, deduction, induction, analysis and synthesis) together with formal juridical and compara-tive juridical approach. In addition, throughout the article and, in particular, while working with sources of law, historical approach and systematic approach were practiced.

The main results and scope of their application. The article presents the analysis of such forms of direct democracy in Switzerland as referendum and popular initiative, character-izing each form. The principle of democracy expressed by the practice of referendum and legislative initiative is present in its entirety. No country in the world has come as close to applying direct democracy to national political issues as Switzerland. Since the mid-nineteenth century, when the country's first Federal Constitution was adopted, Switzer-land has managed to hold more referendums than all other countries combined in the same time frame.

Conclusions. Referendum enables Swiss citizens to dismiss the measures taken by their representatives and the initiative gives the citizens possibility to put laws into practice in-dependently from the legislative powers. Swiss experience vividly demonstrates that used sensibly and taking into consideration national legislative traditions such forms of consult-ing with the people can be quite promising and efficient for other European countries.
Income Smoothing, Default Risk and Stock Price Crashes: The Moderating Effect of Manager Age
Authors: Butar-Butar Sansaloni
Published: April 2020

The purpose of this study is to investigate the moderating role of manager age on the association between income smoothing and stock price crashes and the association between default risk and stock price crashes. The data was collected from the samples of 182 companies firms listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2013 to 2017 (910 firm-year observation). Using the multivariate analysis as the data analysis method, this study revealed that manager age and default risk were negatively associated with stock price crashes. On the other hand, the income smoothing was not significantly associated with stock price crashes. With regard to moderating effect of manager age, the results showed that manager age effect the association between default risk and stock price crashes with a positive direction. Meanwhile, no significant effect of manager age on the association between income smoothing and stock price crashes is found in this study.
IZBOR OPTIMALNE GRUPE MAŠINA ZA ZEMLJANE RADOVE
Authors: Jovanović Marija
Published: April 2020

U radu je razmatran izbor optimalne grupe mašina za zemljane radove. Analiza je sprovedena na stambeno-poslovnom objektu u Ulcinju. Primenom višekriterijumske optimizacije, od četiri kombinacije mašina, izabrana je optimalna.
PRIMENA MAŠINSKOG UČENJA U PROGNOZIRANJU
Authors: Somborac Aleksandar , Jovanović Bojan
Published: April 2020

Zadatak ovog istraživanja jeste da se za potrebe prognoiranja izgradi aplikacija koja vrši proračune koristeći savremene tehnike mašinskog učenja. Za izradu aplikacije korišćen je programski jezik Python zbog specifičnih prednosti koje on pruža u oblasti Nauke o Podacima (Data Science). Korišćeni su i razni softveri poput Git Bash, Anaconda, Jupyter Notebook i drugi, kao i razne biblioteke za matematičke operacije, za rad sa podacima, za crtanje grafika i za modele mašinskog učenja. Sama aplikacija omogućava prognoziranje indikatora razvoja država za jednu odabranu državu, za period od deset godina, na osnovu utiacaja odabrana dodatna tri indikatora na taj indikator. Uz aplikaciju prinuđen je i sifrarnik indikatora i država za korišćenje aplikacije.
ТЕХНИКА САОБРАЋАЈНИХ КОНФЛИКАТА
Authors: Перић Немања
Published: April 2020

У саобраћају се користе разли­чити приступи за мерење безбедности саобраћаја. У раду је анализирана техника саобраћајних конфли­ката.
СИМУЛАЦИЈА РЕФЛЕКСИЈЕ МЕТАЛА И ПЛАСТИКЕ У VRAY RENDERING PLUGINU-У ПРОГРАМA 3DS MAX
Authors: Милетић Ђорђе
Published: April 2020

Циљ овог пројекта јесте да се зарад побољшања архитектонске визуелизације нап­рави алгоритам за добијање што фотореалистичније рефлексије метала и пластике у Vray rendering plugin-у програма 3ds Max.
REALISTIČAN PRIKAZ TRAVE
Authors: Cvijanović Biljana
Published: April 2020

U doba kada je računarska grafika toliko napredovala modelovanje zamišljenog prostora se koristi u cilju prezentacije i vizualizacije. Za kreiranje kvallitetnih vizualizacija jedna od stvari koje je neophodno poznavati jesu alati za 3D modelovanje i rendering. Cilj rada je da se kroz korišćenje alatki u 3Ds Max-u dobiju što realniji rezultati prikaza trave, uz minimum utrošenog vremena i što manjim opterećenjem scene.
PIJACA U PETROVARADINU
Authors: Žica Petar
Published: April 2020

Tema rada jeste projekat zatvorene pijace u Petrovaradinu, sa akcentom na dizajn enterijera. Osnovna namena objekta se ne bi menjala, a planirano je objedinjavanje trgovinskih sadržaja i ugostiteljskih usluga (barovi, stolovi, visoko sedenje), koje bi posetiocu obezbedile širok asortiman pronude, pružile kompletnu uslugu i omogućile potpun ugođaj prilikom odabira namirnica.
An analysis of competition in the banking sector of the City of Vladimir
Authors: Nefedova K.A. , Maslakova D.O.
Published: April 2020

Subject. This article deals with the issues related to the major competitive differentiators of banks, as well as the competitiveness assessment.
Objectives. The article aims to develop indicators to assess the competitiveness of banking institutions, conduct a consumer assessment of the attractiveness of the bank, as well as identify leading institutions in the banking services market of the City of Vladimir.
Methods. For the study, we used the methods of comparative analysis, and factorial and rating evaluation procedures.
Results. The article presents certain methods for assessing the competitiveness in the banking sector. It identifies possible ways to improve the competitiveness of the banks assessed.
Conclusions. Comprehensive assessment methods, including methods related to the study and analysis of competitiveness, should be used when forming new areas of development of banking institutions. This will help create an optimal portfolio of services provided and provide higher customer satisfaction. Implementing a timely assessment of the bank's competitiveness should be the basis for its further development and growth.
A deadlock of Russian fiscal federalism
Authors: Shvetsov Yu.G.
Published: April 2020

Subject. Highly regulated financial system, where only federal budget's interests are observed, is inefficient. It entails irrational use of taxable capacity of regions and municipalities and contributes to inflation upturn. This urgent problem requires the earliest solution, as about one third of able-bodied citizens of the Russian Federation are involved in its public sector.
Objectives. The aim of the study is to review the status of intergovernmental fiscal relations in the Russian Federation and underpin the need for cardinal changes.
Methods. The study rests on the systems approach, methods of scientific knowledge and statistical techniques.
Results. The paper provides a rationale for the crisis state of the budgetary regulation system in Russia and shows prospects to overcome it; reveals and analyzes gaps in the current order of inter-budget relations formation; defines the need for a shift towards the principles of decentralization of budget organization.
Conclusions and Relevance. The study will contribute to substantiation of the change-over to the liberal model of inter-budget relations, which corresponds to world standards.