bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
High‐pressure injection of paint into the hand: A small injury with serious consequences
Authors: Ben Fredj Aymen , Chatbouri Farouk , Rbai Hedi , Farhat Fourat , Daadoucha Abderrahmen
Published: December 2022

High‐pressure injection injury to the hand is a rare but very serious clinical entity, considered by plastic and hand surgeons as a surgical emergency. Diagnosis of these injuries is frequently delayed due to the initial benign appearance of the wound and the lack of knowledge of the seriousness of this injury.
Keloids on stretch marks: Case of a Cameroonian lady
Authors: Defo Defo , Zoua Julie Carole , Ngangue Engome Alexandra Dominique , Mendouga Menye Coralie Reine , Tounouga Dahlia Noelle , Kouotou Emmanuel Armand
Published: December 2022

Keloids are hypertrophic scars that develop as a result of various pathophysiologic mechanisms. We report a case of a 30‐year‐old Cameroonian woman who presented with keloid‐like masses in the abdomen. The onset was postpartum without trauma. After histopathologic confirmation, we concluded a postinflammatory keloid.
Single Electrochemical Impacts of Shewanella oneidensis MR‐1 Bacteria for Living Cells Adsorption onto a Polarized Ultramicroelectrode Surface
Authors: Smida Hassiba , Lefèvre François‐Xavier , Thobie‐Gautier Christine , Boujtita Mohammed , Paquete Catarina M. , Lebègue Estelle
Published: December 2022

Invited for this issue's Front Cover is the Electrochemistry group of the CEISAM Laboratory at Nantes University (France). The cover picture illustrates the electrostatic attraction of the negatively‐charged electroactive Shewanella oneidensis bacterium onto the positively‐charged ultramicroelectrode surface polarized at the oxidation potential of ferrocyanide. Read the full text of the Research Article at 10.1002/celc.202200906.
Aufbaukörnungen aus gipshaltigem Mauerwerkbruch – Teil 2: Untersuchungen im Pilotmaßstab
Authors: Müller Anette , Liebezeit Steffen , Palzer Ulrich
Published: December 2022

Heterogene Bauabfälle wie Mauerwerkbruch haben Potenzial als Rohstoff für die Herstellung von leichten Gesteinskörnungen, die den Blähtonen oder auch dem Bims ähnlich sind. In dem vorliegenden Beitrag wurde die Eignung von Ausgangsmaterialien mit erheblichen Gipsgehalten im Pilotmaßstab untersucht. Anhand der Ergebnisse konnten erste technologische Aussagen gemacht werden. Danach können energetische Vorteile im Vergleich zu leichten Gesteinskörnungen aus Blähtonen erwartet werden.
Response surface methodology (RMS) modelling to improve n‐dodecane degradation using Debaryomyces hanseniiLAF‐3 in a simulated desalter effluent
Authors: Azimian Leila
Published: December 2022

The effluent from a petroleum desalting unit contains salts, emulsifiers, hydrocarbons (mainly n‐dodecane), and other contaminants. Conventional wastewater treatment cannot be used to treat this salt‐containing effluent; thus, alternative approaches must be explored. In this study, a halo‐tolerant yeast, Debaryomyces hansenii, was investigated for the removal of varying concentrations of n‐dodecane in a simulated desalter effluent (SDE). Then, the removal of n‐dodecane was optimized using response surface methodology (RSM). The effects of pH, salt, temperature, and n‐dodecane concentration were evaluated, and a mathematical model was developed and verified. The results showed that complete removal of n‐dodecane was achieved at 20°C and a salt concentration of 1–5 g L−1. The main factors in COD removal are temperature, n‐dodecane concentration, pH, and the interaction between n‐dodecane and temperature. Salt concentration does not affect COD removal or the growth rate of D. hansenii in a SDE. Applying RSM suggested that interactional effects among the operational variables include temperature, n‐dodecane concentration, and pH on the yeast's removal rate. Overall, it can be concluded that the use of D. hansenii could be a viable solution at a wide range of salt concentrations (1–5 g L−1) for desalter wastewater treatment in petroleum refining.
Catalytic oxidation of nitric oxide over modified carbide slag: Experimental and theoretical studies
Authors: Wang Fang , Sun Lina , Jia Lijuan , Song Xin , Ning Ping
Published: December 2022

In this work, experimental and theoretical methods were used to investigate the catalytic effect of K2O on NO oxidation. Experimental results indicated that K2O was the main active component. It enhanced the removal of NO and decreased the reaction temperature. Theoretical results indicated that the K2O (001)‐O surface was more suitable for the adsorption of NO and O2. Also, NO and O2 on the Ca(OH)2 surface may migrate to the K2O surface for reaction. NO2 was formed via the interaction of (NO)2 and O atoms. The formation of ONNO was the key step for NO oxidation, which was more conducive to the subsequent oxidation of NO.
Electrolyte Engineering for Safer Lithium‐Ion Batteries: A Review
Authors: Cao Chencheng , Zhong Yijun , Shao Zongping
Published: December 2022

Comprehensive Summary

Despite being widely used in people's daily life, the safety issue of lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) has become the major barrier for them to be applied in electrical vehicles (EVs) or large‐scale energy storage. Typically, due to the use of liquid electrolytes containing flammable solvents which are easily oxidized by excessive and accumulated heat, the potential thermal runaway is a major safety concern for traditional LIBs. A strategy for a safer electrolyte design is controlling the flammability and volatility of the liquid electrolytes, to effectively prevent thermal runaway, thus avoiding fire or other risks. Through this study, the mechanisms of thermal runaway and the recent progress in electrolyte engineering toward LIBs were summarized, covering the major strategies including adding flame‐retardants, the utilization of ionic liquid electrolytes and solid electrolytes. The characteristics, strengths and weaknesses of different strategies were discussed. New designing directions of safer electrolytes for the LIBs were also provided.
Performance evaluation of investment with DEA models under pure jump processes
Authors: Mirsadeghpour Zoghi Seyedeh Masoumeh , Sanei Masoud , Tohidi Ghasem , Banihashemi Shokoofeh , Modarresi Navideh
Published: December 2022

Portfolio optimization is a selection of the best combination of financial assets that maximizes the return and minimizes the risk. As the stock return distributions exhibit skewness, kurtosis, and heavy‐tailedness, for asset performance evaluation through the data envelopment analysis (DEA), we assume that the asset returns follow a pure jump Lévy process. For this purpose, two risk measures are provided as value‐at‐risk (VaR) and conditional VaR (CVaR). To deal with negative values, the range directional measure (RDM) model is utilized in the appropriate Lévy process, and inefficiency measurements are compared. Moreover, the asset price jumps have significant effects on the input and output of DEA models, risk measures, mean returns, and efficiency scores. In this regard, there are two optimization problems integrating DEA based on the variance gamma (VG) Lévy process, in which the input and output are stochastic. One of these two problems is a multi‐objective optimization model that evaluates more reliable efficiency scores than the other models. For this purpose, the VG parameters are estimated through the moments estimation method in order to analyze seven companies listed in the Tehran stock exchange (TSE). Finally, the Kolmogorov–Smirnov goodness‐of‐fit test is conducted. The results indicate that the VG model fits properly and is well suited to assets returns.
Certificate revocation schemes for providing secure QoS in MANETs
Authors: Sahana Devarayapattana Siddalingaiah , Gopala krishnan Chandrasekaran
Published: December 2022

Due to crucial exchange issues, security in mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) is more complicated. It is vital to secure MANET exchanges to ensure the network's services development. In this research, the proposed model focuses on providing trust and certificate‐based Malicious Node detection for mobile adhoc networks and improving certificate revocation based on cluster head. The cluster head is crucial in eliminating falsely accused nodes. The malicious node may be easily discovered and isolated from the network using the trusted value. If the trust value falls below the trust threshold value in a trust management, the node is identified as malicious, the certificate is canceled, and the node is isolated from the network. The TSQRS protocol's integration with the CRS scheme was the main emphasis of the suggested model. The proposed model also creates more stable clusters with the help of Trust manager. When compared to other current protocols and methodologies, the findings produced by the suggested approach for the TSQRS‐CRS scheme improve performance and stability in the QoS of MANETs. Finally, certain parameters were used to run the simulation, which resulted in an improved Packet Delivery Ratio, Routing Overhead, and reduced Delay.
Enhanced routing using recurrent neural networks in software defined‐data center network
Authors: Modi Tejas M. , Swain Pravati
Published: December 2022

Software Defined‐DCN (SD‐DCN) is a layered topology with logically centralized control which provides intelligence thro‐ugh programmability. The controller in SD‐DCN provides different network management skills by decoupling of control plane and data plane. However, the controller applies traditional artificial intelligence approaches and neural network approaches for routing strategies in recent systems. To manage dynamic changes in the network, deep learning approaches provide deep analysis and prediction to enhance the existing network performance. In convolutional neural network (CNN) deep learning model, the learning process executes based on present traffic data and forgets the inputs for the future learning phase. To overcome CNN limitation, in this article, different recurrent neural network (RNN) deep learning models are used to improve the routing computation for SD‐DCN topology. The long short‐term memory (LSTM)‐ RNN and bi‐directional long short‐term memory (BiLSTM)‐RNN deep learning models provide forget gate to analyze periodic network traffic datasets and improve routing by delivering dynamic and intelligent routing paths in the network. The proposed system is implemented in a simulation scenario, and the proposed work improves the network performance in hot‐spot traffic as compared to the existing mechanisms. Moreover, error analysis of different deep learning models is presented in the evaluation results.
Therapeutic Protein Drug Interactions: A White Paper From the International Consortium for Innovation and Quality in Pharmaceutical Development
Authors: Coutant David E. , Boulton David W. , Dahal Upendra P. , Deslandes Antoine , Grimaldi Christine , Pereira Joao N.S. , Säll Carolina , Sarvaiya Hetal , Schiller Hilmar , Tai Guoying , Umehara Kenichi , Yuan Yang , Dallas Shannon
Published: December 2022

Typically, therapeutic proteins (TPs) have a low risk for eliciting meaningful drug interactions (DIs). However, there are select instances where TP drug interactions (TP‐DIs) of clinical concern can occur. This white paper discusses the various types of TP‐DIs involving mechanisms such as changes in disease state, target‐mediated drug disposition, neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn), or antidrug antibodies formation. The nature of TP drug interaction being investigated should determine whether the examination is conducted as a standalone TP–DI study in healthy participants, in patients, or assessed via population pharmacokinetic analysis. DIs involving antibody–drug conjugates are discussed briefly, but the primary focus here will be DIs involving cytokine modulation. Cytokine modulation can occur directly by certain TPs, or indirectly due to moderate to severe inflammation, infection, or injury. Disease states that have been shown to result in indirect disease–DIs that are clinically meaningful have been listed (i.e., typically a twofold change in the systemic exposure of a coadministered sensitive cytochrome P450 substrate drug). Type of disease and severity of inflammation should be the primary drivers for risk assessment for disease–DIs. While more clinical inflammatory marker data needs to be collected, the use of two or more clinical inflammatory markers (such as C‐reactive protein, albumin, or interleukin 6) may help broadly categorize whether the predicted magnitude of inflammatory disease–DI risk is negligible, weak, or moderate to strong. Based on current knowledge, clinical DI studies are not necessary for all TPs, and should no longer be conducted in certain disease patient populations such as psoriasis, which do not have sufficient systemic inflammation to cause a meaningful indirect disease–DI.
Assessing an active distracting technique during primary mandibular molar pulpotomy (randomized controlled trial)
Authors: Alsibai Ekram , Bshara Nada , Alzoubi Hasan , Alsabek Laith
Published: December 2022

Objectives

This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of two different distraction techniques (Audio Video Distraction/Video Game Distraction) in the management of anxious pediatric patients during dental treatment.

Materials and Methods

One hundred and five children were randomly divided into three groups; Group A: active distraction using video games on a tablet device and wireless joystick (VG). Group B: passive distraction using video on tablet, and wireless headphones (AV). Group C (Control group): basic behavior guidance technique Tell Show Do was used (C). The children were selected from the department of pediatric dentistry at the Faculty of Dentistry, Damascus University, who required pulpotomy in primary mandibular molars. All children were assessed by: Simplified Wong‐Baker FACES for pain scale (self‐report), and “HOUPT” Behavior Rating Scale for Overall Behavior (non‐self‐report), at the end of treatment.

Results

One hundred and five children completed the study (57 boys and 48 girls) aged between 6 and 10 years (mean age of 7.4 years). The active distraction (VG) group was superior to the passive distraction (AV) group and the control group (C) on the pain scale with statistically significant differences as appeared in Simplified Wong‐Baker Scale (p = .000), The active distraction (VG) group was superior to the control group (C) in overall behavior as appeared in HOUPT scale (p = .041), but it was no statistically significant differences between (VG) group and (AV) group in overall behavior (p = .605). With the use of Bluetooth technology and wireless devices, the workspace was comfortable for the dentist and did not interfere with the movement of his hands.

Conclusion

Positive distraction with video games by wireless joystick displayed on the portable tablet on the dental chair was the best technique for reducing dental anxiety and reported pain in school children (6‐10 years) and was better than negative distraction by video cartoons on the tablet device.
Mutations in a set of ancient matrisomal glycoprotein genes across neoplasia predispose to disruption of morphogenetic transduction
Authors: Langthasa Jimpi , Mishra Satyarthi , U Monica , Kalal Ronak , Bhat Ramray
Published: December 2022

Misexpression and remodeling of the extracellular matrix is a canonical hallmark of cancer, although the extent of cancer‐associated aberrations in the genes coding for extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins and the consequences thereof are not well understood. In this study, we examined the alterations in core matrisomal genes across a set of nine cancers. These genes, especially the ones encoding for ECM glycoproteins (GP), were observed to be more susceptible to mutations than copy number variations across cancers. We classified the glycoprotein genes based on the ubiquity of their mutations across the nine cancer groups and estimated their evolutionary age using phylostratigraphy. To our surprise, the ECM glycoprotein genes commonly mutated across all cancers were predominantly unicellular in origin, whereas those commonly showing mutations in specific cancers evolved mostly during and after the unicellular‐multicellular transition. Pathway annotation for biological interactions revealed that the most pervasively mutated glycoprotein set regulated a larger set of inter‐protein interactions and constituted more cohesive interaction networks relative to the cancer‐specific mutated set. In addition, ontological prediction revealed the pervasively mutated set to be strongly enriched for basement membrane (BM) dynamics. Our results suggest that ancient unicellular‐origin ECM GP were canalized into playing critical tissue morphogenetic roles, and when disrupted through matrisomal gene mutations, associated with neoplastic transformation of a wide set of human tissues.
Progressive accumulation of cytoplasmic aggregates in PRPF31 retinal pigment epithelium cells interferes with cell survival
Authors: Georgiou Maria , Atkinson Robert , Mozaffari‐Jovin Sina , Lako Majlinda
Published: December 2022

Retinitis Pigmentosa (RP) is a common form of inherited degenerative disease that often leads to blindness. About 10% autosomal dominant RP cases have been associated with mutations in PRPF31 gene, which is involved in pre‐mRNA splicing. This commentary summarises the key findings of our recent publication ‘Activation of autophagy reverses progressive and deleterious protein aggregation in PRPF31 patient‐induced pluripotent stem cell‐derived retinal pigment epithelium cells’ in the context of large cytoplasmic aggregates which accumulate progressive with time and impair cell function and survival. Understanding the pathomechanism of PRPF31‐RP provides invaluable information that can be used to understand other PRPF‐RPs, and help to design effective and appropriate therapeutic strategies for the treatment of RP patients with PRPF31 mutations.
Powerful disciplinary boundary crossing: Bernsteinian explorations of the problem of knowledge in interdisciplinarity
Authors: Hu Xuelong
Published: December 2022

This paper makes a theoretical contribution to the discussion of interdisciplinary knowledge in curriculum and research. As a challenge to much of the Mode 2 thesis concerned only with the importance of knowledge being socially relevant, this paper demonstrates how a Bernsteinian approach to interdisciplinarity relates to the internal configurations underpinning interdisciplinary knowledge. Inspired by explorations of Bernsteinian communities, this paper sets out to conceptualize the socio‐epistemic constraints under which powerful disciplinary boundary crossing occurs. The major claim is that the boundaries between disciplines and between them and the field of practice, are essential for boundary crossing. The interdisciplinary efforts do not necessarily involve diminishing disciplinary boundaries, but they are vulnerable to external weakening when there is little connection to the disciplinary core that provides stable internal norms. This paper adds to the discussion by suggesting alternatives to interdisciplinary integration, which do not require a background intellectual consilience between disciplines. It presents an appeal for a form of interdisciplinarity that is pursued to a practical end within refining disciplinary conceptual models, without invoking exaggerated claims for ‘relevance’, and with no need for a more complex edifice for crossing the established borders between disciplines.
Age of information analysis for internet of things information status update system with cellular backhaul and dedicated energy harvesting beacons
Authors: Hao Zhenchao , Jia Xiangdong
Published: December 2022

The Internet of Things (IoT) that is usually deployed with the assistance of cellular backhaul and energy harvesting (EH) is characterized by the status update freshness. However, the traditional nature EH results in the loss of information freshness due to the randomness of nature energy process. Although using wireless energy transferring (WET) to charge sensors can overcome this problem, this method has low‐energy efficiency. With these considerations, this paper proposes a novel IoT system under cellular communication scenario by simultaneously exploiting the nature EH and WET. The proposed IoT system is consisted of a cellular backhaul subsystem, a wireless EH and transferring (WEHT) subsystem, and a wireless sensor status update subsystem. The WEHT subsystem employs the dedicated power beacons harvesting energy from natural energy source and transferring the harvested energy to sensor. For the proposed IoT system, this paper first investigates the WEHT subsystem and constructs the Markov Chain (MC) of discrete energy states as well as the MC state transition matrix. Second, the average AoI and peak AoI (PAoI) are formulated by separately considering cellular backhaul and EHTBs. The AoI (PAoI) comparison shows that the proposed EHTB‐based IoT system can outperform the conventional non‐EHTB one where the sensor directly harvests energy from natural source. At the same time, the numerical results exploit the impact of system parameters on AoI and PAoI, respectively. It is found that there exists a trade‐off between the nature energy arrival and EHTB energy transfer so that the average minimum AoI and PAoI are achieved.
Structural Information Modeling – Die digitale Transformation der Bauwerksdiagnostik
Authors: Schacht Gregor , Fritsch Christina , Voigt Chris , Ewert Eric , Arndt Ralf
Published: December 2022

Bauwerksdiagnostische Untersuchungen sind die Voraussetzung für eine verlässliche Bewertung von bestehenden Tragwerken. Häufig fehlen konkrete und realistische Informationen über den tatsächlichen Bauwerkszustand und damit die Eingangsgrößen für die rechnerische Nachweisführung. Anders als bei Neubauten müssen diese Annahmen nicht geschätzt und durch zusätzliche Sicherheitselemente abgedeckt werden, sondern können zuverlässig mit ihrer tatsächlichen Eigenschaft sowie Streuung am Bestandstragwerk erfasst werden. Die Bauwerksdiagnostik bietet eine Vielzahl an Möglichkeiten, den Bestand und Zustand der Materialien sowie Konstruktionen realitätsgetreu zu erkunden. Die digitale Revolution des Bauwesens bedingt neue Konzepte, mit denen es gelingt, unsere bestehenden Tragwerke wesentlich effizienter und v. a. länger nutzen zu können. Der digitale Bauwerkszwilling ermöglicht die Zusammenführung und Verknüpfung von Daten unterschiedlichster Struktur und Herkunft. Damit müssen zwangsweise auch bauwerksdiagnostische Daten konsequent digitalisiert, in solche digitalen Zwillinge integriert und in Kombination mit den weiteren Bestands‐ und Zustandsdaten für den Nutzer aufbereitet werden. Dieser methodische Ansatz des Structural Information Modeling bildet die Grundlage für eine realistischere und zuverlässigere Bewertung bestehender Bauwerke.
Endoscopic management of hemorrhagic pancreatic fluid collections: A propensity‐matched analysis
Authors: Pawa Rishi , Dorrell Robert , Russell Greg , Nguyen Madison , Clark Clancy , Mishra Girish , Pawa Swati
Published: December 2022

Objectives

Hemorrhagic pancreatic fluid collections (hPFC) are a complication of pancreatitis with an unknown influence on prognosis. Advancements in endoscopic management of PFC have improved results over their surgical and percutaneous alternatives. We performed a propensity‐matched analysis comparing clinical outcomes in hemorrhagic and non‐hemorrhagic PFC (nhPFC).

Methods

From November 2015 to November 2021, a retrospective comparative cohort analysis was performed comparing clinical outcomes for patients with hPFC and nhPFC managed with lumen‐apposing metal stents. Propensity score matching was used to balance the two subgroups. Wilcoxon two‐sample tests were used to compare continuous variables and Fisher's exact test was used to compare categorical variables. Kaplan‐Meier method was used to estimate overall survival.

Results

Fifteen patients with hPFC were matched with 30 nhPFC patients. Technical and clinical success was similar in both groups. The median length of hospitalization was 6 days in the hPFC group and 3 days in the nhPFC group (p = 0.23); however, more hPFC patients required intensive care unit admission post‐procedure (33.3% vs. 16.7%, p = 0.26). Patients with hPFC were more likely to be readmitted to the hospital within 30 days (33.3% vs. 6.7%, p = 0.032). Mortality at 3 months (13% vs 3%, p = 0.25) and 6 months (27% vs. 7%, p = 0.09) was higher in the hPFC cohort. The 1‐year survival estimate was 73.3% (standard error = 11.4) in the hPFC group and 88.9% (6.1) in the nhPFC group (p = 0.16).

Conclusions

Patients with hPFC are more likely to be readmitted to the hospital within 30 days and have worse clinical outcomes.
Chronic running‐wheel exercise from adolescence leads to increased anxiety and depression‐like phenotypes in adulthood in rats: Effects on stress markers and interaction with BDNF Val66Met genotype
Authors: Jaehne Emily J. , Kent Jessica N. , Lam Nikki , Schonfeld Lina , Spiers Jereme G. , Begni Veronica , De Rosa Federico , Riva Marco A. , van den Buuse Maarten
Published: December 2022

Exercise has been shown to be beneficial in reducing symptoms of affective disorders and to increase the expression of brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). The BDNF Val66Met polymorphism is associated with reduced activity‐dependent BDNF release and increased risk for anxiety and depression. Male and female Val66Met rats were given access to running wheels from 3 weeks of age and compared to sedentary controls. Anxiety‐ and depression‐like behaviors were measured in adulthood using the elevated plus maze (EPM), open field (OF), and forced swim test (FST). Expression of BDNF and a number of stress‐related genes, the glucocorticoid receptor (Nr3c1), serum/glucocorticoid‐regulated kinase 1 (Sgk1), and FK506 binding protein 51 (Fkbp5) in the hippocampus were also measured. Rats given access to running wheels developed high levels of voluntary exercise, decreased open‐arm time on the EPM and center‐field time in the OF, reduced overall exploratory activity in the open field, and increased immobility time in the FST with no differences between genotypes. Chronic exercise induced a significant increase in Bdnf mRNA and BDNF protein levels in the hippocampus with some of these effects being genotype specific. Exercise decreased the expression of Nr3c1 and Sgk1, but increased the expression of Fkbp5. These results suggest that chronic running‐wheel exercise from adolescence increased anxiety and depression‐like phenotypes in adulthood, independent of BDNF Val66Met genotype. Further studies are required to confirm that increased indices of anxiety‐like behavior are independent from reduced overall locomotor activity.
12S gene metabarcoding with DNA standard quantifies marine bony fish environmental DNA, identifies threshold for reproducible detection, and overcomes distortion due to amplification of non‐fish DNA
Authors: Stoeckle Mark Y. , Ausubel Jesse H. , Coogan Michael
Published: December 2022

Single‐species PCR assays accurately measure eDNA concentration. Here we test whether multi‐species PCR, that is, metabarcoding, with an internal standard can quantify eDNA of marine bony fish. Replicate amplifications with Riaz 12 S gene primers were spiked with known amounts of a non‐fish vertebrate DNA standard, indexed separately, and sequenced on an Illumina MiSeq. Fish eDNA copies were calculated by comparing fish and standard reads. Relative reads were directly proportional to relative DNA copies, with average and maximum variance between replicates of about 1.3‐ and 2‐fold, respectively. There was an apparent minimum threshold for consistent amplification of about 10 eDNA copies per PCR reaction. The internal DNA standard corrected for suppression of fish read counts due to amplification of non‐fish DNA. To assess potential PCR bias among species, we compared reads obtained with Riaz 12 S primers to those with modified MiFish primers, which target a different 12 S gene segment. Our results provide evidence that Riaz 12 S gene metabarcoding with an internal DNA standard quantifies marine bony fish eDNA over a range of about 10–5000 copies per reaction, without indication of significant PCR bias among teleost species. In mid‐Atlantic coastal samples, eDNA rarity was the main limitation to reproducible detection and quantification, and this was partly overcome by increasing the amount of a DNA sample amplified. Our findings support incorporating a DNA standard in 12 S metabarcoding to help quantify eDNA abundance for marine bony fish species.
Endogenous secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor inhibits microbial‐induced monocyte activation
Authors: Nugteren Sandrine , Simons‐Oosterhuis Ytje , Menckeberg Celia L. , Hulleman‐van Haaften Danielle H. , Lindenbergh‐Kortleve Dicky J. , Samsom Janneke N.
Published: December 2022

In the intestine, epithelial factors condition incoming immune cells including monocytes to adapt their threshold of activation and prevent undesired inflammation. Colonic epithelial cells express Secretory Leukocyte Protease Inhibitor (SLPI), an inhibitor of NF kappa light chain enhancer of activated B cells (NF‐κB) that mediates epithelial hyporesponsiveness to microbial stimuli. Uptake of extracellular SLPI by monocytes has been proposed to inhibit monocyte activation. We questioned whether monocytes can produce SLPI and whether endogenous SLPI can inhibit monocyte activation. We demonstrate that human THP‐1 monocytic cells produce SLPI and that CD68+ SLPI‐producing cells can be detected in human intestinal lamina propria. Knockdown of SLPI in human THP‐1 cells significantly increased NF‐κB activation and subsequent C‐X‐C motif chemokine ligand 8 (CXCL8) and TNF‐α production in response to microbial stimulation. Reconstitution of SLPI‐deficient cells with either full‐length SLPI or SLPI lacking its signal peptide rescued inhibition of NF‐κB activation and cytokine production, demonstrating that endogenous SLPI inhibits monocytic cell activation. Unexpectedly, exogenous SLPI did not inhibit CXCL8 or TNF‐α production, despite efficient uptake. Our data argue that endogenous SLPI can regulate the threshold of activation in monocytes, thereby preventing activation by commensal bacteria in mucosal tissues.
Two‐Dimensional (2D) Porous Zinc Oxides Derived from the Coordination Polymer via Chemical‐Assisted Phase Transition
Authors: Lee Junhyung , Sung Lee Jun
Published: December 2022

Two‐dimensional (2D) porous zinc oxides (ZnO) were successfully prepared via chemical treatment and thermal annealing of coordination polymers (CPs) precursors consisting of Zn(II) ion and fumarate ligand. The morphology, crystalline phase, chemical state, and surface area of the resultant ZnO were characterized. It is experimentally discovered that the crystal phase of the CP bearing Zn(II) ions is transformed to the zinc hydroxide crystal phase by chemical treatment using ammonia water. The prepared CP‐derived porous 2D ZnO exhibited enhanced photocatalytic efficiency for dye degradation under black‐light irradiation (365 nm) compared to CP‐derived non‐porous ZnO without a chemical‐assisted phase transition process.
Assembled Porphyrin‐Based Multinuclear Ruthenium(II)‐NNNN Complex Catalysts for Transfer Hydrogenation of Ketones
Authors: Liu Tingting , Wang Qingfu , Wang Liandi , Wu Kaikai , Yu Zhengkun
Published: December 2022

Multinuclear porphyrin‐based ruthenium(II)‐NNNN complexes were efficiently assembled by means of coordinatively unsaturated 16‐electron mononuclear ruthenium(II)‐pyrazolyl‐imidazolyl‐pyridine complex, zinc(II) meso‐tetra(4‐pyridyl)‐porphyrin (ZnTPyP), and 4,4′‐linked bipyridines. The resultant multinuclear (Ru4 and Ru8) porphyrin‐based ruthenium(II)‐NNNN complexes exhibited exceptionally high catalytic activity at as low as 0.008 mol % Ru loading for the transfer hydrogenation reaction of ketones in refluxing 2‐propanol, reaching up to 99 % yields and 5.7×106 h−1 TOFs.
Cross‐Batch Contamination in a Continuous Horizontal Decanter Centrifuge during Virgin Olive Oil Production
Authors: Guerrini Lorenzo , Corti Ferdinando , Masella Piernicola , Calamai Luca , Angeloni Giulia , Spadi Agnese , Zanoni Bruno , Parenti Alessandro
Published: December 2022

Cross‐batch contamination in a decanter centrifuge during virgin olive oil production cannot be avoided using current technology. The extent of this contamination is investigated using industrial‐scale tests, by measuring the volatile profile and color on three consecutive oil batches, collected at the decanter outlet at different extraction times. The extent of contamination varied, pointing out qualitative consequences, as defective molecules are found. The latter are often active at low concentrations, and the measured cross‐batch contamination can lead both to the downgrading of large batches of virgin olive oils and to the adulteration of monovarietal and certified productions. An innovative method, based on the direct determination of the color (L and a* coordinates) of oil at the outlet of the decanter is able to identify the same compositional change point indicated by gas chromatography, and could be successfully used to mitigate the effects of cross‐batch contamination.

Practical applications: An in‐line colorimetric system can be implemented at the decanter outlet to detect the point of change between different olive batches. Otherwise, the virgin olive oil exiting from the decanter at the beginning of one batch can be collected separately in order to avoid the contamination due to the previous batch.
High‐resolution melt analysis for the detection of skin/sweat via DNA methylation
Authors: Fernandez‐Tejero Nicole , Gauthier Quentin , Cho Sohee , McCord Bruce R.
Published: December 2022

The determination of tissue type is important when reconstructing a crime scene as skin cells may indicate innocent contact, whereas other types of cells, such as blood and semen, may indicate foul play. Up to now, there has been no specific DNA methylation‐based marker to distinguish skin cell DNA from other body fluids. The goal of this study is to develop a DNA methylation‐based assay to detect and identify skin cells collected at forensic crime scenes for use in DNA typing. For this reason, we have utilized a DNA methylation chip array‐based genome‐wide association study to identify skin‐specific DNA methylation markers. DNA obtained from skin along with other body fluids, such as semen, saliva, blood, and vaginal epithelia, were tested using five genes that were identified as sites for potential new epigenetic skin markers. Samples were collected, bisulfite converted, and subjected to real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with high‐resolution melt analysis. In our studies, when using WDR11, PON2, and NHSL1 assays with bisulfite‐modified PCR, skin/sweat amplicons melted at lower temperatures compared to blood, saliva, semen, and vaginal epithelia. One‐way analysis of variance demonstrates that these three skin/sweat markers are significantly different when compared with other body fluids (p < 0.05). These results demonstrate that high‐resolution melt analysis is a promising technology to detect and identify skin/sweat DNA from other body fluids.
SiO2 Nanoparticles Incorporated Poly(Vinylidene) Fluoride Composite for Efficient Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting and Dual‐Mode Sensing
Authors: Kar Epsita , Ghosh Puja , Pratihar Shewli , Tavakoli Mahmoud , Sen Shrabanee
Published: December 2022

Flexible electronic skins (e‐skins) have a wide range of applications in health monitoring, human–machine interfaces, and robotics. Herein, a novel architecture of e‐skins with a combination of multimode measurement and low‐cost implementation is proposed. A single electronic skin layer is used to integrate both the pressure and temperature sensing properties. An e‐skin membrane is first developed with poly(vinylidene) fluoride incorporated with silicon dioxide nanoparticles. When combined with electrodes, this simple architecture allows the implementation of multimode pressure and temperature sensing. This e‐skin exhibits excellent pressure sensitivity with a response time of 1.6 ms. This sensing performance can be attributed to the uniform distribution of the embedded nanoparticles, leading to an enhancement of the electroactive β phase. This e‐skin generates a voltage, from the finger movements, that can be used to detect precisely the minute changes of the finger movement. This electronic skin demonstrates the detection of a linear range of temperature which can be attributed to the phonon‐assisted hopping mechanism. A 4 × 4 pressure sensing array is demonstrated, which is able to map the inserted pressure as well as temperature stimuli. Thus, this study provides a new conceptual design for the next‐generation green electronic skins.
The Sliding Keys on Inclined Deflecting‐cantilevers (SKID) device: Empirical and analytical sensitivity analysis with application in post‐tensioned frames
Authors: Zhang Yichen , De Risi Raffaele , Alexander Nicholas A.
Published: December 2022

Previously, the authors presented a new theoretical energy dissipating technology termed a Frictional Sliding on a Sprung Slope (FSSS) device. Its purpose was to provide significant energy dissipation to post‐tensioned (PT) frames structures. The FSSS device has a triangular‐shaped hysteretic curve, which has a zero‐force activation threshold. This enables activation for any earthquake magnitude and provides progressively greater energy dissipation with an increase in structural oscillations. In addition, it is designed to allow full self‐centring of the PT framed structure. In this paper, a physical prototype FSSS is designed, constructed and experimentally tested. The prototype replaces the theoretical springs, bearings and the constraints with pairs of cantilever bars. Consequently, it is renamed a Sliding Keys on Inclined Deflecting‐cantilever (SKID) device. Six scaled SKID configurations having different manufacturing parameters were built and tested. Also, five materials were used to investigate the sensitivity to the friction coefficient of the sliding pads. Both cyclic and fatigue tests were conducted to assess SKID performance empirically. A finite element model of SKID was then implemented in OpenSees and benchmarked against the experimental results. More than 700 one‐story one‐bay PT frames with different SKID devices (PT‐SKID frames) were numerically tested to investigate the dynamic characteristics of the structural system affecting the seismic response. Based on the extensive experimental and numerical analyses, design suggestions are provided, and the PT‐SKID self‐centring features are discussed.
Exploring the site dependency of fragility functions in risk‐targeted design
Authors: Fox Matthew J. , O'Reilly Gerard J.
Published: December 2022

In the ongoing quest for improved seismic design codes, there is currently substantial focus on risk‐targeted design, which aims to achieve more uniform seismic risk across code‐compliant buildings. Such an approach has already been adopted in ASCE 7, which uses lognormal fragility functions, with a single assumed value for dispersion, to generate uniform risk spectra. One challenge to this approach is that fragility functions have been shown to vary depending on the site being considered. This article, therefore, explores the extent to which site location influences the dispersion of fragility functions through the study of inelastic single‐degree‐of‐freedom systems. Twenty‐four different sites across New Zealand are considered so that a diverse range of seismic hazard settings, including multiple tectonic region types, are examined. The resulting dispersion values for the cases examined range from 0.14 to 0.29 and they are shown to be influenced by both the spectral shape and variance of the target spectra used for ground motion selection. The study is then extended to the consideration of scenario‐based seismic risk analysis. It is shown that fragility functions derived using ground motions selected on the basis of probabilistic seismic hazard analysis are, in theory, not suitable for use in scenario‐based risk analyses. The potential ramifications of this work on other risk‐targeted design methods are also discussed. Overall, this work sheds important light on the importance and potential implications of site dependence for what concerns risk‐targeted design.
Multi‐stage cold energy recovery/utilization: A 10 MW class cold store with liquefied natural gas
Authors: Yue Jinxin , Feng Juan , Chen Jingyu , Liu Rui , Yu Chengbiao , Jiang Zhaomin , Chen Xiaoyuan , Shen Boyang , Fu Lin
Published: December 2022

In coastal cities, a large amount of cold energy is released into the nearby seawater during the process of regasification of liquefied natural gas (LNG) at the receiving terminal, and meanwhile, a large amount of exported and/or imported foods need to be frozen by bulk cold energy near the sea. In this paper, a new multistage cold energy recovery/utilization system is investigated to link the LNG cold energy directly to supply the coastal cold store. This design uses a realistic case in Ningbo LNG receiving station in China, and for the very first time considers how to utilize the LNG cold energy in an efficient manner regarding the technical, economic, and environmental benefits. A three‐stage LNG cold energy utilization system is designed and evaluated by considering different temperatures, pressures, and heat exchange parameters. Compared to conventional electric‐driven cold stores, the proposed multistage cold energy recovery/utilization system has a much cheaper capital cost during the initial investment stage, and also avoids the utility power consumption during the daily operation period. In the case study, from Ningbo LNG receiving station to a 10 MW class cold store, the proposed multienergy system can save the energy of 20.05 kilotons of standard coal, and the carbon emission reduction is up to 1.49 × 108 kg per year.
Implementation and reliability analysis of a new transformerless high‐gain DC‐DC converter for renewable energy applications
Authors: Malick Ifham H. , Zaid Mohammad , Samiullah Md. , Ashraf Imtiaz , Iqbal Atif , Sarwar Adil
Published: December 2022

In this paper, a new high‐gain quadratic boost DC‐DC converter is proposed for a DC microgrid. The converter has a voltage multiplier cell made up of switched inductors to obtain a high voltage at the output. It has a common ground and continuous input current, which makes the converter feasible for renewable energy and DC microgrid applications. The proposed topology consists of a single switch which makes the control simple. The converter achieves a gain of four times the traditional quadratic boost converter and can also operate in continuous and discontinuous conduction modes. The voltage stress across the switch and all the other passive components is less than the output voltage. The variation of voltage gain in the case of parasitic resistances is also shown. The reliability analysis of the proposed converter using Markov modeling is also presented by considering both open‐circuit and short‐circuit faults across the semiconductor devices. A 200 W prototype of the converter is also prepared and the hardware results of the converter are also presented in the paper. The converter operates at high efficiency of 96% at 100 W output power operation. The variation of reliability with different converter parameters like the duty cycle and the input voltage is also discussed in the paper. The experimental results in fault conditions are also shown.
Alzheimer's disease‐associated R47H TREM2 increases, but wild‐type TREM2 decreases, microglial phagocytosis of synaptosomes and neuronal loss
Authors: Popescu Alma S. , Butler Claire A. , Allendorf David H. , Piers Thomas M. , Mallach Anna , Roewe Julian , Reinhardt Peter , Cinti Alessandro , Redaelli Loredana , Boudesco Christophe , Pradier Laurent , Pocock Jennifer M. , Thornton Peter , Brown Guy C.
Published: December 2022

Triggering receptor on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) is an innate immune receptor, upregulated on the surface of microglia associated with amyloid plaques in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Individuals heterozygous for the R47H variant of TREM2 have greatly increased risk of developing AD. We examined the effects of wild‐type (WT), R47H and knock‐out (KO) of human TREM2 expression in three microglial cell systems. Addition of mouse BV‐2 microglia expressing R47H TREM2 to primary mouse neuronal cultures caused neuronal loss, not observed with WT TREM2. Neuronal loss was prevented by using annexin V to block exposed phosphatidylserine, an eat‐me signal and ligand of TREM2, suggesting loss was mediated by microglial phagocytosis of neurons exposing phosphatidylserine. Addition of human CHME‐3 microglia expressing R47H TREM2 to LUHMES neuronal‐like cells also caused loss compared to WT TREM2. Expression of R47H TREM2 in BV‐2 and CHME‐3 microglia increased their uptake of phosphatidylserine‐beads and synaptosomes versus WT TREM2. Human iPSC‐derived microglia with heterozygous R47H TREM2 had increased phagocytosis of synaptosomes vs common‐variant TREM2. Additionally, phosphatidylserine liposomes increased activation of human iPSC‐derived microglia expressing homozygous R47H TREM2 versus common‐variant TREM2. Finally, overexpression of TREM2 in CHME‐3 microglia caused increased expression of cystatin F, a cysteine protease inhibitor, and knock‐down of cystatin F increased CHME‐3 uptake of phosphatidylserine‐beads. Together, these data suggest that R47H TREM2 may increase AD risk by increasing phagocytosis of synapses and neurons via greater activation by phosphatidylserine and that WT TREM2 may decrease microglial phagocytosis of synapses and neurons via cystatin F.
Modify homotopy perturbation method using yang transform to study the effect of magnetic field with mass and heat transfer on pulsatile blood flow in tapered stenosis arteries
Authors: Al‐Griffi Takia A. J. , Al‐Saif Abdul‐Sattar J.
Published: December 2022

The effect of a magnetic field on two‐dimensional pulsatile blood flow in tapered stenosis arteries was studied by employing the Yang transform homotopy perturbation method (YTHPM). The mathematical model which was solved by the researchers Liu and Liu, was successfully developed by adding the effect of a magnetic field for the blood flow in addition to the effect of mass and heat transfer on it. The impact of the angle of tapering, the Grashof number, the solutal Grashof number, and the magnetic field on the axial velocity, the wall shear stress, flow resistance, and the volumetric flow rate was investigated in two cases absence and presence of the magnetic field. The results prove that YTHPM is efficacious and highly accurate in finding the analytical approximate solution for pulsatile blood flow in tapered stenosis arteries under the influence of a magnetic field. The convergence of the new solutions is also discussed in the absence and presence of the magnetic field. Further, the graphs of these new solutions show the validity of, a necessity for, and utility of YTHPM, and are in line with results put forward by other studies.