bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Childhood Cancer Mortality in India: Direct Estimates From a Nationally Representative Survey of Childhood Deaths
Authors: Gupta Sumit , Morris Shaun K. , Suraweera Wilson , Aleksandrowicz Lukasz , Dikshit Rajesh , Jha Prabhat
Published: April 2016

Purpose

Although most children with cancer live in low- and middle-income countries, measurements of childhood cancer burden in such countries have been restricted to incidence rates from a few subnational cancer registries and mortality rates from vital statistics. We aimed to provide alternative burden estimates by using nationally representative longitudinal survey–derived mortality rates.

Methods

We examined cancer deaths in childhood (1 month to 14 years of age) in the Million Death Study, a cohort of > 27,000 pediatric deaths in India on the basis of enhanced verbal autopsies. All deaths potentially due to childhood cancer were identified. Two pediatric specialists independently categorized deaths as definite, probable, possible, or unlikely cancer related. From definite and probable deaths, we estimated national and regional mortality rates attributable to childhood malignancies. Data on symptoms and health care–seeking behavior were abstracted from closed-ended questions and caregiver narratives.

Results

Of 700 included deaths, 189 were classified as definite or possibly cancer related. The κ-statistic between reviewers was 0.75 (95% CI, 0.71 to 0.78). From these deaths, we estimated that in 2010, 13,700 were a result of childhood cancer in India, which led to a mortality rate of 37 (95% CI, 31 to 42) per million population per year, which exceeds many prior estimates of mortality and even some estimates of incidence. Disparities between mortality estimates were widest in northeast India and for brain tumors. A preponderance of male deaths was seen (male:female ratio, 1.6:1).

Conclusion

The burden of childhood cancer in India is substantially higher than previously suggested. This information will aid advocacy for national strategies aimed at improving outcomes for Indian children with cancer.
Οικονομική αξιολόγηση του ελληνικού συστήματος υγείας
Authors: Πολύζος Νικόλαος , Δρακόπουλος Στυλιανός
Published: April 2016

International analysis of macro-economic
indicators is the main element of economic
evaluation of health care systems. Health
expenditures have continuously increased
both in Greece and in the international context,
despite the continuous measures and the
reforms. Public fi nancing has remained
stable, while private fi nancing has gone
up. This situation is even worse in Greece,
where serious fi nancial inequalities, either
regionally, or among various social insurance
funds are predominant. Continuous evaluation
and control measures, along with a total
reconsideration and reform of fi nancing in
the health fi eld of our country will provide the
much needed solutions.
Youth employment before and during the crisis: rethinking labour market institutions and work attitudes in Greece
Authors: Dendrinos Ioannis
Published: April 2016

During the Greek crisis, the high and rising youth unemployment rates have created severe concerns about the impact of the deep recession on human capital and social cohesion. However, even in previous times of significant economic growth, both youth unemployment ratio and other related employment indicators had been systematically worse compared to those of the general population, and even more so compared to other European countries. This article demonstrates how institutional and social factors influence youth employment performance, arguing that the youth unemployment problem in Greece has actually structural and persistent root causes. The article concludes with policy proposals towards changes both in labour market institutions and social attitudes.
Έμφυλες διαστάσεις της αντεγκληματικής πολιτικής
Authors: Μηλιώνη Φωτεινή Α.
Published: April 2016

This article intends to describe gender
dimensions of policy against crime. It
also aims to demonstrate possible policy
differences due to gender. More specifi cally,
with concepts such as female criminality,
women’s victimization and gender
dimension of penal law. The low numbers of
female criminality, the high risk of women’s
victimization, the different law provisions
due to gender are factors that indicate the
planning of policy against crime. Up to
now, policy against crime both in terms of
preventive and executive measures) did not
take into consideration the gender factor
with the exception of policy for violence
against women. All these themes are shortly
discussed in this article.
Primary Health Services Utilization in Greece: Studying the Past for Planning the Future
Authors: Zavras Dimitris , Geitona Mary , Kyriopoulos John
Published: April 2016

The objective of this paper is to study healthcare utilization in Greece. The
data were derived from a national survey conducted in 2006, and analysed through Logistic and Linear Regression. The likelihood of primary healthcare utilization is determined by the gender, the existence of a chronic disease, the self-rated health and the age, while the logarithm of the visits
to primary health services is determined by the gender, the existence of a chronic disease, the income, the geographical region and the perceived threat from the health condition. Thus, primary healthcare utilization is determined by beliefs, health need as well as socioeconomic factors.
Is there Health Insurance in Greece outside EOPYY? Feasibility analysis of creating an independent, private Health Fund for Employees of the Banking Sector
Authors: Souliotis Kyriakos Souliotis , Tsantilas Petros , Contiades Xenophon
Published: April 2016

Τhe funding impasse and the operational malfunction of the new organization (EOPOYY) in 2011 necessitated the provision for an exemption from this rule, applicable to health insurance funds which could prove their sustainability outside EOPYY. The objective of this paper is to assess the feasibility and viability of the creation of an independent health insurance fund for
employees of the banking sector, which would operate as a private entity and would not burden the state budget with its deficits. The paper aims to develop a paradigm for further analyses as we move towards the establishment of a new, national, health insurance structure.
Οι επιπτώσεις της χαμηλού κύρους εργασίας στην εργασιακή οργάνωση των μεταναστών: Η περίπτωση των Μπανγκλαντεσιανών στην Αθήνα
Authors: Φούσκας Θεόδωρος
Published: April 2016

The article examines the repercussions of work and employment in low status jobs upon the organization, representation and participation of immigrants in collectivities which emerge from work. The micro-sociological analysis focuses on the case of Bangladeshi immigrants in Athens and the extent to which their work and employment affects their participation in the immigrant work association “Bangladeshi Immigrant Workers’ Union of Greece” and Greek trade unions. The majority of Bangladeshis appear to deny membership of their work association and avoid claiming their work rights. On the contrary, immigrants develop individualistic behaviours, rely on informal secondary networks in search of solidarity and adopt alternative strategies of survival and protection.
Marlier, E., and Natali, D. (eds) with Rudi Van Dam Europe 2020, Towards a more social EU?, PIE-Peter Lang, Bruxelles, 2010, 277 p.p.
Authors: Angelaki Marina
Published: April 2016

[Δεν υπάρχει]
Representing the unrepresented? Operation and representativeness of Migrant Integration Councils in Greece
Authors: Fouskas Theodoros
Published: April 2016

This article examines the participation and representation of immigrants in local public life in Greece. Research evidence proves that there is significant delay in activating the institution in conjunction with a degradation of its operation. In many cases, the municipal authorities do not embrace the institution with the necessary trust and do not pursue its operation. Moreover, in 74% of the researched municipalities, not all immigrant populations in their jurisdiction are represented in the MICs and 56% of the immigrants who participated in the formation and operation of the MICs were not elected representatives of immigrant communities. There are severe problems of representation and participation of immigrants in their community associations which raise doubts as to their actual and official representation in the MICs too.
Το κοινωνικό περιεχόμενο των ανθρωπίνων δικαιωμάτων στη θεωρία της ηθικής και της οικονομίας του Amartya Sen
Authors: Κουτσογιάννης Αλέκος
Published: April 2016

For the economist Amartya Sen the existence of an essential, qualitative difference between the politically “neutral” character of economic activity and the strong ethical-political dimention of social action, should not obstruct the practical complementarity between ethics and economics. The present essay investigates this proposition, focusing especially on the social content (employment, poverty) of the rights of equality and freedom. It is argued that economic development (prosperity, goods) depends and at the same time re-produces on the basic social (as opposed to a normative or obligatory) framework of human rights.
Tackling the debt crisis in Greece: The role of the underground economy
Authors: Manolas George , Sfakianakis George , Vavouras Ioannis
Published: April 2016

This paper aims at assessing the relative
importance of the underground or shadow
or hidden economy in the effort of tackling
the current debt crisis. Examining the case
of Greece, one of the EU countries that face
serious sovereign debt problems, we emphasize
the importance of controlling the hidden
economic activity, that is of incorporating
it into the official economy. Moreover, by
analyzing the factors affecting the part of the
economic activity which takes place outside
the official sector, we evaluate the potential
gains Greece could have obtained in case it
could have converged to the best practice or
even the average levels of the determining
factors of the hidden economy prevailing in
the rest of the OECD countries.
Infant feeding intentions of pregnant women in Plateau State, Nigeria
Authors: Emmanuel Andy , Clow Sheila
Published: April 2016

Background:

Nigeria has a low rate of exclusive breastfeeding, at 13–17%. Antenatal intention to breastfeed is an important modifiable factor that influences breastfeeding.

Aims:

This study describes infant feeding intentions of women in Plateau State, Nigeria, and identifies the determinants of infant feeding intentions.

Methods:

Adopting a cross-sectional design, the study involved 763 pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in the three senatorial zones of Plateau State, Nigeria, who completed a validated questionnaire.

Findings:

Of the 749 pregnant women who responded, 596 (79.6%) intended to breastfeed, 22 (2.9%) intended to formula-feed while 131 (17.5%) intended to practise mixed feeding. Respondents intended to breastfeed exclusively for 5.9 months (SD ± 2.4) and to continue breastfeeding up to 16 months (SD ± 4). Marital status, antenatal attendance in the previous pregnancy, knowledge about how the woman herself was fed as a baby, and previous breastfeeding experience were significant determinants of breastfeeding intention in this setting.

Conclusions:

Promoting antenatal attendance, recognising women who are less likely to continue breastfeeding, and providing lactation support by health-care workers, especially for breastfeeding problems, could contribute to higher rates of breastfeeding.
Morphological, molecular and developmental characterization of the thelastomatid nematode Thelastoma bulhoesi (de Magalhães, 1900) (Oxyuridomorpha: Thelastomatidae) parasite of Periplaneta americana (Linnaeus, 1758) (Blattodea: Blattidae) in Japan
Authors: Ozawa Sota , Morffe Jans , Vicente Cláudia S.L. , Ikeda Kenji , Shinya Ryoji , Hasegawa Koichi
Published: April 2016

The American cockroach
Wild boar (Sus scrofa) – reservoir host of Toxoplasma gondii, Neospora caninum and Anaplasma phagocytophilum in Slovakia
Authors: Reiterová Katarína , Špilovská Silvia , Blaňarová Lucia , Derdáková Markéta , Čobádiová Andrea , Hisira Vladimír
Published: April 2016

In Central Europe the wild boar population is permanently growing and consequently Cf foodborne infections. In this study serological and molecular detection of
Molecular detection and prevalence of Theileria equi and Babesia caballi in horses of central Balkan
Authors: Davitkov Darko , Vucicevic Milos , Stevanovic Jevrosima , Krstic Vanja , Slijepcevic Dajana , Glavinic Uros , Stanimirovic Zoran
Published: April 2016

Equine piroplasmosis is significant tick-borne disease with wide distribution. The prevalence of equine piroplasmosis in Serbia, Montenegro and Bosnia and Herzegovina is unknown. In aim to obtain a first insight into the prevalence we performed molecular epidemiological study which included 142 horses, on seven locations in these three countries. We first performed PCR for the detection of a 450bp long section of the 18S rRNA of piroplasma-specific region. For all positive samples we have done multiplex PCR for the species detection. Species determination was further confirmed by sequencing PCR products of 10 randomly selected
The asymptotic behavior of a counting process in the max-scheme. A discrete case
Authors: Matsak Ivan K. , Rozora Iryna V.
Published: April 2016

An exact asymptotic value of the logarithm for a counting
process in the max-scheme is obtained.
Genetic association of NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase (NQO1*2) polymorphism with NQO1 levels and risk of diabetic nephropathy
Authors: Sharma Mohini , Mehndiratta Mohit , Gupta Stuti , Kalra Om P. , Shukla Rimi , Gambhir Jasvinder K.
Published: April 2016

NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) catalyzes reactions having a cyto-protective effect against redox cycling and oxidative stress. A single base polymorphism (C/T) at nucleotide 609 of the NQO1 gene impairs the stability and function of its protein. Its role in the development of diabetic nephropathy (DN) has not been deciphered. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the association of NQO1*2 (rs1800566) polymorphism with plasma NQO1 levels and DN. This study screened 600 participants including healthy controls (HC), type 2 diabetes mellitus without complications (T2DM) and diabetic nephropathy (DN): 200 each for studying NQO1*2 gene polymorphism using the PCR-RFLP. Plasma NQO1 levels were measured by ELISA. Analysis of variance and logistic regression were used to evaluate the association of NQO1 polymorphism with plasma NQO1 levels and DN. The allelic frequencies of NQO1*1/NQO1*2 were 0.88/0.12 in HC, 0.765/0.235 in T2DM and 0.65/0.35 in DN. Carriers of the NQO1*2 allele had significantly lower plasma NQO1 levels (p<0.05) and revealed higher risk towards the development of DN (OR=1.717, p=0.010). NQO1*2 SNP is a functional polymorphism having a significant effect on NQO1 levels. Our results indicate that NQO1*2 genotype may increase susceptibility to DN in north Indian subjects with T2DM.
Refrigeration affects the postharvest behavior of 1-methylcyclopropene-treated cape gooseberry (Physalis peruviana L.) fruits with the calyx
Authors: Balaguera-López Helber Enrique , Martínez Claudia Andrea , Herrera A. Aníbal
Published: April 2016

Cape gooseberry fruits are highly perishable with a limited shelf-life. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of refrigeration on the postharvest behavior of 1-methylcyclopropene-treated cape gooseberry fruits with the calyx. A completely randomized design with six treatments was used. The treatments were three storage temperatures (2, 6 and 16°C [ambient temperature]) and the application or absence of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP; 1 mL L-1). The fruits were stored for 35 days. The fruits without refrigeration lasted 21 days. During the 35 days of refrigerated storage, the fruits at 2°C with 1-MCP showed a significantly lower respiration rate, color index and total soluble solids content and a higher firmness value and total acidity. Storage at 6°C also generated a favorable effect on the postharvest preservation of cape gooseberry fruits.
Effect of fruit maturity stage and fermentation period on the germination of passion fruit (Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa Deg.) and sweet granadilla seeds (Passiflora ligularis Juss.)
Authors: Aguacía Leidy Milena , Miranda Diego , Carranza Carlos
Published: April 2016

In Colombia, we have found 165 species that belong to the Passiflora genus and, of these, about 50% have edible fruits. Among these, passion fruit, sweet granadilla and purple passion fruit are considered to be of economic importance. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of fruit ripeness and pulp fermentation time period (mucilage) on the seed germination of passion fruits (Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa Deg.) and sweet granadillas (Passiflora ligularis Juss.) under laboratory conditions (alternating temperatures (30/20°C, 12/12 hour), 60% relative humidity and in darkness for 60 days) and to establish growth parameters leaf area and plant dry mass. The seeds were extracted from fruits in three maturity stages (M4, M5 and M6) and five fermentation periods (0 days (F0);1 day (F1), 2 days (F2), 4 days (F4) and 8 days (F8)) using a completely random design with a 3x5 factorial arrangement (maturity stage x fermentation time), with four replicates of 50 seeds each. It was found that the M6F1 and M5F1 treatments were more favorable in terms of germination for the passion fruit (94.5 and 92.0%, respectively), while, for the sweet granadilla, the M6F2 (39%) and M6F1 (35%) treatments were more favorable. The growth parameters demonstrated that the highest dry mass value occurred in M6F8 for the passion fruit (136.76 mg) and in M6F1 for the sweet granadilla (104.73 mg); furthermore, these values increased as the maturity stage of the two species progressed. The leaf area of the passion fruit had maximum values in seedlings obtained from the treatment with maturity stage M5F2 and a fermentation period of 1 day, M5F2 (18.3 cm2), while the leaf area of the sweet granadilla increased in the same fashion as the dry mass, with M6F8 having the highest value (16.8 cm2).
Az önszabályozó tanulás fejlettségének összefüggései a tanulási eredményességgel és az IKT-használat gyakoriságával
Authors: Dávid Mária , Taskó Tünde , Héjja-Nagy Katalin , Mester Dolli , Dorner László , Estefánné Varga Magdolna
Published: April 2016

Háttér és célok: Új típusú pedagógiai problémákat vet fel az infokommunikációs technológiák elterjedésével általánossá váló önálló információkeresés és feldolgozás. A tanuló oldaláról feltételezi az önálló tanulást, az információk hatékony feldolgozását, megértését. A tanár oldaláról pedig a tudásátadó szerep helyett a tanulásirányító szerep hangsúlyosabbá válását (Molnár, 2011). Az élethosszig tartó tanulás iránti társadalmi igény az önszabályozó tanulási készség fejlődése nélkül nem teljesülhet. Ugyanakkor a tanulók önreflektív és önszabályozó képessége a tanulás, tanítás folyamatában még kiaknázatlan (Molnár, 2002). A cikkben bemutatjuk egy keresztmetszeti összehasonlító kutatás eredményeit, melynek célja a tanulás eredményessége, az infokommunikációs eszközök használatának sajátosságai és az önszabályozó tanulás fejlettsége közötti összefüggések feltárása.

Módszer: 2015 novemberében lezárult keresztmetszeti kutatásunkban a 10–14–18 és 22 éves korosztályban összesen 1257 fős mintán vizsgáltuk az önszabályozó tanulás fejlődését. Vizsgálatunkban a kutatócsoport által kifejlesztett önszabályozó tanulás kérdőívet használtuk, mely 59 itemet tartalmaz, valamint összegyűjtöttük a tanulmányi eredményeket és a matematika és szövegértés kompetenciamérések adatait.

Eredmények: A korcsoportok között szignifikáns különbségek vannak az önszabályozó tanulás fejlettsége szempontjából. Az életkor előrehaladtával az eredmények javulnak, de a kérdőív faktoraiban szinte minden korosztályban alacsony átlagértékeket kaptunk. Az önszabályozó tanulás fejlettségi szintje mérsékelt, de szignifikáns pozitív korrelációt mutat mind a tanulmányi eredményekkel, mind a kompetenciamérés eredményeivel Az infokommunikációs eszközök átlagnál gyakoribb használata az önszabályozó tanulás alacsonyabb szintjével jár együtt.

Következtetések: Az adatok azt mutatják, hogy az önszabályozó tanulás fejlesztésére minden korosztályban szükség van. Törekedni kell arra, hogy az infokommunikációs eszközök használata a tanulóknál ne haladja meg az átlagos mértéket.
IKT-használat 10–18 éveseknél egy ikt-eszközhasználati kérdőív bemutatása
Authors: Dorner László , Hatvani Andrea , Taskó Tünde , Soltész Péter , Estefánné Varga Magdolna , Dávid Mária
Published: April 2016

Háttér és célok: Ma már szinte közhelynek számít, hogy az infokommunikációs technológiák terjedése teljesen megváltoztatta a mindennapjainkat, legyen szó akár tanulásról, akár munkáról vagy kikapcsolódásról. Ez különösen igaz a digitális bennszülöttek, a Z generáció tagjaira, akik a korábbi generációkhoz képest már igen korán találkoznak a digitális technológiákkal, életük szerves részévé válik. Tanulmányunkban arra kerestük a választ, hogy milyen mintázatokat mutat az IKT-eszközök használata a 10–18 éves korosztály körében napjainkban. Kutatásunk célja feltárni, hogy a Z generációhoz tartozó („millenials”) három korosztály (10, 14 és 18 évesek) között különbségeket találunk-e az IKTeszközhasználati szokások, ismeretek és attitűdök terén. Feltételezhetően ugyanis kora gyerekkorukban még az egymáshoz közel eső korosztályokba tartozó tanulók is eltérő hatásoknak voltak kitéve ezen a téren a gyors technológiai változások következtében.

Módszer és minta: 2014 februárjában lezáruló keresztmetszeti vizsgálatunkban 492 fős iskolás mintán (194 fő 10 éves; 166 fő 14 éves és 132 fő 18 éves) vizsgáltuk az IKT-eszközhasználati szokásokat. A vizsgálat egri és Eger környéki általános és középiskolákban zajlott. A nemek aránya a mintában kiegyensúlyozottnak tekinthető (205 fiú és 287 lány). Kutatócsoportunk által kifejlesztett online IKT-használati kérdőívet használtunk, mely 42 itemet tartalmaz (főként 5 fokú Likert-típusú skálák és zárt kérdések), és az IKT-eszközhasználati szokások, ismeretek és attitűdök, valamint a párhuzamos feladatvégzés (multitasking) gyakoriságának vizsgálatát tűzi ki célul.

Eredmények: Korosztályonként azonosítottuk az eszközhasználat mennyisége szerint elkülöníthető csoportokat, így a mérsékelt IKT-használók, az átlagos IKT-használók és a gyakori IKT-használók csoportjai képezték a további vizsgálatok (például online kognitív próbák) összehasonlítási alapját. Ezen csoportok mind az eszközhasználat módjában, mint az eszközök iránti attitűdökben szignifikáns eltérést mutattak. A számítógépes eszközök (asztali számítógép, laptop, táblagép) birtoklása terén nagy szórást mutat a minta, átlagosan 2,25 eszköz található egy családban. Elmondható, hogy míg a 18 éves korosztály gyakran 10 éves kora után használta először az IKT-eszközöket (átlagosan 9,5 évesen kezdték el), addig a 14 és a 10 éves korosztálynál nem ritka a 4-5 éves korban elkezdett eszközhasználat sem (előbbi korcsoport átlag 8, utóbbi 6,5 éves korában kezdte el használni). A multitasking leginkább a 18 éves korosztályra jellemző.

Következtetések: Az egyre korábbi és egyre kiterjedtebb IKT-eszközhasználat következtében érdemes a különböző korosztályok eltérő szükségleteit figyelembe venni az oktatásban. A vizuális túlterhelés egyre több kutatásban kerül elő mint olyan tényező, amely az iskolai eredményességet csökkentheti.
Az IKT-használat jellegzetességeinek vizsgálata főiskolások körében
Authors: Faragó Boglárka , Soltész Péter , Pléh Csaba
Published: April 2016

Háttér és célok: Az IKT-eszközök használatára vonatkozó eddigi vizsgálatok az IKT-használat különböző területeit tárták fel, mint például információszerzés, kapcsolattartás, kommunikáció, tanulás stb. (Krajcsi, Kovács és Pléh, 2001; Csepeli és Prazsák, 2010). Hogy mire is használjuk az IKT-eszközöket és különösen az internetet, az nagyban függ az életkortól is, bár a feltételezésekkel ellentétben a kutatások eredményei szerint nem a digitális bennszülöttek ezen eszközök professzionális felhasználói. Vizsgálatunk kérdései, amelyekre jelen cikkben kitérünk, hogy milyen attitűdjeik vannak a főiskolás korosztálynak a számítógépekkel kapcsolatban, mely eszközöket mennyi ideje ismerik, valamint milyen területei vannak a főiskolások IKT-használatának, mennyire használja ki ez a korosztály az online terület adta lehetőségeket, és hogyan alkalmazzák ezeket az IKT-eszközöket a tanulás közbeni kikapcsolódásra.

Módszer: Kutatásunkban a főiskolások IKT-használati szokásait kérdőíves módszerrel mértük fel.

Eredmények és következtetések: Kutatásunk eredményei egy általános képet adhatnak a főiskolások IKT-használati szokásairól, mely segíthet egy-egy IKT-vel kapcsolatos kérdés összetettebb szemlélésében.
A papírról és képernyőről való olvasás és a talpas, illetve talpatlan betűtípusok hatása az elsajátításra
Authors: Kvaszingerné Prantner Csilla , Soltész Péter , Jakub Ádám
Published: April 2016

Háttér és célok: A figyelem alapvető folyamatainak különböző tudáshordozókon való teljesítménykülönbségét vizsgáltuk a hagyományos papíralapú és a monitorról való szövegolvasás összehasonlító vizsgálatában. A kognitív folyamatok perceptuális feldolgozási szintjein eltérések lehetnek a monitor és a papíralapú hagyományos hordozók között. Az egyszerűség kedvéért magát a formázási sajátosságokat is elkerülő vizsgálatban pdf szövegeket és azok nyomtatott példányait hasonlították össze az Eszterházy Károly Főiskola munkatársai. Míg a két olvasási forma hasonlónak tűnik, rengeteg különböző perceptuális kognitív szinten számottevő különbség adódik. Különbséget jelenthetnek az elsajátítás, illetve a felidézés terén a betűjelek formái is. Elterjedt nézet szerint a talp nélküli betűtípusokat (sans-serif) elektronikus formában (például webes megjelenítés esetén), míg a talpasokat (serif) nyomtatott formában (például újságok, könyvek szövegei esetében) ajánlott használni a könnyebb olvashatóság érdekében. Mindkét megjelenítés esetében megvannak azok a sajátosságok, amelyek okán az adott csoport tagjai olvashatóbbak.

Módszer: Hetvennégy fős vizsgálatunkban négy különböző szöveget olvastak el főiskolás hallgatók különböző betűtípussal képernyőn, illetve papírról. Minden vizsgálati személy a négy szöveg közül kettőt elektronikusan és kettőt nyomtatottan kapott, véletlenszerű sorrendben. Ügyeltünk arra, hogy mind az elektronikus, mind a nyomtatott szövegek esetében egyik véletlenül kiválasztott talpas, másik véletlenül kiválasztott talpatlan típusú legyen a vizsgálatban szereplő három-három típus közül.

Eredmények: Egyik vizsgálati tényező esetében sem találhatóak szignifikáns különbségek a betűtípusok, illetve a megjelenítési módok között, tehát a vizsgálat szerint nem meghatározó az, hogy milyen felületen s milyen betűtípussal írva kapják a hallgatók a szövegeket.

Konklúzió/következtetések: A jelenlegi korosztály és a mai technikai eszközök mellett az a hipotézis, miszerint a talpas betűtípusokat nyomtatott formában, a talpatlan betűtípusokat pedig számítógépen könnyebb olvasni, e kutatás szerint nem igazolható. El kell továbbá vetnünk azt a feltételezést is, hogy a papíron, illetve monitoron történő olvasás sebessége alapvetően jelentősen eltér vagy különböző megértési szintet eredményez.
Simulation of Mechanical Elongation and Compression of Nanostructures
Authors: Mejía-Rosales Sergio , Fernández-Navarro Carlos
Published: April 2016

We present a set of Molecular Dynamics simulations of the axial elongation of gold nanowires, and the compression of silver decahedral nanowires by a carbon AFM tip. We used Sutton and Chen multibody potentials to describe the metallic interactions, a Tersoff potential to simulate the carbon-carbon interactions, and a 6-12 Lennard-Jones potential to describe the metal-carbon interactions. In the elongation simulations, gold nanowires were subjected to strain at several rates, and we concentrated our attention in the specific case of a wire with an atomistic arrangement based on the intercalation of icosahedral motifs forming a Boerdijk-Coxeter (BCB) spiral, and compare it against results of nanowires with fcc structure and (001), (011), and (111) orientations. We found that the BCB nanowire is more resistant to breakage than the fcc nanowires. In the simulations of lateral compression, we made a strain analysis of the trajectories, finding that when a gold decahedral nanowire is compressed by the AFM tip in a direction parallel to a (100) face, the plastic deformation regime is considerably larger than in the case of compression exerted in a direction parallel to a twin plane, where the fracture of the wire comes almost immediately after the elastic range ends. The strain distribution and elastic response in the compression of nanoparticles with different geometries is also discussed.
The bases of (im)politeness evaluations
Authors: Spencer-Oatey Helen , Kádár Dániel
Published: April 2016

Evaluation is an important aspect of (im)politeness, and this article explores it from an interdisciplinary perspective. It starts by considering the East–West debate in politeness theory and argues that both emic and etic approaches to research can contribute usefully to the deliberations. It then maintains that, if we are to understand the impact of culture on people’s (im)politeness evaluations, we need to unpack the concept more thoroughly. It proposes that useful insights can be obtained from Haidt’s (e.g. Haidt & Kesebir, 2010) work on moral foundations and Schwartz’s (e.g. Schwartz et al., 2012) work on basic values. The article ends by revisiting the East–West debate, discussing the potential impact of other factors such as beliefs and ideologies, and noting the ongoing uncertainties over levels and links between the various concepts explored. It urges pragmaticists and psychologists to engage more fully with each other to help address these challenges.
Georeferenced database generation with the purpose of hydrologic molding in reservoirs of the hydrographic basin of Jaguaribe river in the state of Ceará, Brazil
Authors: Leão Raimundo A. de O. , Soares Antônio A. , Teixeira Adunias dos S. , Silva Demetrius D. da
Published: April 2016

The edafoclimatic conditions of the Brazilian semiarid region favor the water loss by surface runoff. The state of Ceará, almost completely covered by semiarid, has developed public policies for the construction of dams in order to attend the varied water demand. Several hydrological models were developed to support decisive processes in the complex management of reservoirs. This study aimed to establish a methodology for obtaining a georeferenced database suitable for use as input data in hydrological modeling in the semiarid of Ceará. It was used images of Landsat satellite and SRTM Mission, and soil maps of the state of Ceará. The Landsat images allowed the determination of the land cover and the SRTM Mission images, the automatic delineation of hydrographic basins. The soil type was obtained through the soil map. The database was obtained for Jaguaribe River hydrographic basin, in the state of Ceará, and is applicable to hydrological modeling based on the Curve Number method for estimating the surface runoff.
Masha and Bear(s): A Russian Palimpsest
Authors: Lyanda-Geller Olga
Published: April 2016

When stories are scraped clean and re-written, how much of the original shines through later tales? This paper offers a palimpsest analysis (palímpsestos, “scratched/scraped again”) of the story Masha and the Bear based on a Russian folktale, Tolstoy’s tale The Three Bears, and the transformed folk world in the contemporary cartoon series Masha and the Bear. A palimpsest analysis of a text reveals different layers of readers’, listeners’, and viewers’ expectations, allowing them to challenge the story. Bringing together different versions of a tale with seemingly very similar characters and plot lines, where each subsequent story is regarded as a palimpsest, adds new features to each story’s interpretation. Considering the tale of Masha and the Bear, told differently in Russian folklore, literary tradition and modern media, demonstrates juxtaposition of textual layers that produces a variety of effects, from tragic to comic.
Post-Stapelian psychology. Discussions on the reliability of data and publications in psychology
Authors: Budzicz Łukasz
Published: April 2016

In 2011, Diederik Stapel’s fraud was discovered. It turned out that not only did Stapel forge data but also journals failed to notice many obvious errors and encouraged distortions (e.g., not reporting studies with non-significant results). Simultaneously, Simmons et al. (2011) published an article dedicated to questionable research practices that could significantly increase the number of false-positive results through arbitrary decisions pertaining to data analysis and presentation. Shortly after, there appeared results of studies suggesting that a large number of researchers confess to such practices and that they are, in fact, commonly accepted. These events sparked off a wide debate about the reliability of data in psychology. The author of the present paper discusses the most important points of this debate, showing how the low level of theoretical maturity, the lack of consensus on the rules of applying research techniques and interpreting results, and the unrealistic demands of editors of empirical journals may have contributed to this crisis.
MADRASAH SEBAGAI TIPOLOGI LEMBAGA PENDIDIKAN ISLAM (KAJIAN TENTANG BERBAGAI MODEL MADRASAH UNGGULAN)
Authors: Zuhdi A.
Published: April 2016

“Madrasah” is parth of Islamic boarding school to answer various of polemic in the society, especially in Islamic education development, thus Islamic boarding school able to fuse between subject of religion science and common science. Start from that time, Islamic boarding school establish “madrasah” education under its overshide. “Madrasah” as institute of Islamic education has blossomed out in a time, as emergence of “madrasah”diniyah, “madrasah” of SKB 3 ministers and “madrasah pesantren”. From that’s models, the great one in development is superior “madrasah”. So, unsuprised if there are many schools integrate with Islamic boarding school, that’s mean in this concerning school which based on Islamic boarding school able to give satisfactions for stakeholder. Moreover, there are many zest from society to educate their child in madrasah wich based on Islamic boarding school. This can be observed based on social changes. As theory from Etzioni, theory of active society that perceived by continuing changes, but still individu who become member of the society.
RELEVANSI KONSEP PENDIDIKAN BERBASIS BUDAYA “SISTEM AMONG” UNTUK PENGEMBANGAN MADRASAH IBTIDAIYAH
Authors: Sholeh Ahmad
Published: April 2016

The concept of Among system is a education system that support values of humanities and democracy. It is still relevant to be implemented in Islamic education for future. The analyzing showed that the concept of Among system will bring a new paradigm in the learning process of Islamic education to make a revolution from traditional learning process.  In the new paradigm, teacher is not only one source of science but also the student must have a critical thinking. So that, curriculum development of Islamic education will be centered in skill and transfer the values of religion.
Inovasi Strategi Pembelajaran PAI Dalam Meningkatkan Mutu Pendidikan PAI
Authors: Rohmah Noer
Published: April 2016

Islamic education has important role in the human life that based on Five Basic of the State, because religion is motivation of life and the important tool of development and self-control. Therefore, religion should be known, understood, and practiced by humans in order to be fully human in life.Nowadays, learning of Islamic Education in the school is more focused on formal and memorization (verbal) and theoretical things, not focused on the purpose so forget about the ability to control themselves and how to buildfaith. Because of it, teachers need to do various innovation in the process of implementation strategy of Islamic Education in the school, in order to improve quality of Islamic Religion that signed by various change both of cognitive, affective, and psychomotor.Keywords: Innovation of Learning Strategy of Islamic Education, Quality of Islamic Education.
Penyesuaian Diri Anak Luar Biasa (Studi Kasus Ade Irawan, Juara Pianis Tunanetra Indonesia)
Authors: Aulia Fitri
Published: April 2016

Adjustment is the ability of individuals to associate with them self and environment. Children have experience growth and development in her both physically and mentally, covers an area ofmotor/biological, cognitive, and emotional development/affective/social. Growth in this area lastedthree continuous and sustainable for the human growth process. During the process, begin a familiar term exceptional children, because of different developmental processes. In mental health, the children will remainoutstanding face demand adjustment interact, work, education, married, gave birth to off spring. The children are exceptional (1) Child mental disorders, include a) children who have unusually high intellectual capacity (intellectually superior), and b) the kids are slow to learn (Mentally retarded), (2) sensory disorders, including children with a) damage to hearing (auditory impairments), also known as hearing impairment, b) impaired vision (visual impairments), also known as the blind, (3) communicationdisorders, a) learning disabilities (learning disability), b) in speech and language disorders (speech and language impairments), (4) behavioral disorders , including: a) emotional disorders, b) Incompatibility of social behavior or tunalaras (social maladjustment), (5) tunagrahita or severedisability, covering a variety of disabilities such as CP combination with mental retardation, visual impairments with mental retardation. Focus questionsis What is the process through which the development of Ade Irawan in life. Qualitative research methods, with secondary data from a number of sites biography Ade Irawan, analyzing various body language, personal statements subject, as well as the statements of parents, and people nearby. Results showed that developments Ade Irawan is formed as follows: (1) parental support, (2) high level of intelligence, (3) musictalent, forming a positive self concept, (4) conversion of audio viasualisasi dominant senses, (5) the character general visual impairment: high alert attitude on the new people, brave and critical.Keywords: Adaptation, Excellent child, Blind people
Implementasi Nilai-Nilai Islam Dalam Meningkatkan Kualitas Pelayanan Pada Pelanggan Pendidikan
Authors: Nur Muhammad Amin
Published: April 2016

Currently we are in an era of quality, every consumer or customer of both goods and services expect quality. Institutions that rely on service quality, people will be increasingly in demand as customers. Instead institutionthat ignores its customers quality service will be abandoned. Customer education is always to be aware of the needs and expectations include the students and their parents who feel the direct impact of education services. One indicator of the low quality of education is the low level of trust and the level of customer satisfaction (learners and their parents) toeducational services. The low quality of educational services to customers often happens because the pengalola institutions ignore the universal values that the values of Islam. Now it’s time especially educational institutions of Islamic education institutions to review their Islamic values and implement them in improving the quality of service to its customers, in order to remain prosperous Islamic educational institutions and competitive in the global  competition intensifis.Keywords: Islamic Values, Quality Service, Customer Education
Sinergi Pesantren Dan Perguruan Tinggi ( Studi Pengembangan Kurikulum Ma’had Sunan Ampel Al-Ali Malang)
Authors: Bakar Abu
Published: April 2016

Pesantren education model developed with the name and style varied, in the development of pesantren faced with two problems: on the one hand schools should organize themselves in accordance with the demands of the times without having to leave the pesantren tradition itself, on theother hand how to form the product of competent scholars in the Islamic religion in order to preserve the identity of the Islamic boarding school in contributing in planting akhlaqul karimah.In the present study found some of the fidings including the following: fist, planning a curriculum that begins with the formulation of curriculum objectives, the foundation in curriculum planning and the formulation of curriculum content; both, in the implementation of the curriculum, thediscovery of the policies in developed curriculum, the ability of teachers in implementing curriculum and the constraints encountered in developing the curriculum, and the third, evaluation, the evaluation found the use of summative evaluation with a closed approach.Keywords: Islamic School, University.
Supervisi Pembelajaran Kepala Madrasah Dalam Pelaksanaan Kurikulum 2013 Dengan Multiple Intellegences Dan Emotional Intelligence Pada Madrasah Ibtidaiyah
Authors: Ali Nur
Published: April 2016

One of the principal’s responsibility as an instructional supervition toward the teachers at Islamic Secondary School (Madrasah Ibtidaiyah) is to improve teacher’s competencies in implementing thematic-scientifi approach in teaching learning process. Supervisor must held supervition well.Generally the principals of Madrasah as supervisor had not implemented the principles of supervitin yet in implementing an instructional supervition. Beside that he/she didnot also used persuasive approach. Therefore toimprove the quality of persuasive, the supervisor should to understand about multiple intellegences dan belong to hight Emotional Intelligence becouse the activities of supervition were related to the oportunity of the teachers and students to develop the interest, talent and social interaction beetwen supervisor and teachers of islamic secondary school. This article is to describe about the principal instructional supervition of islamic secondary school (ISS) in implementing the curriculum 2013 with using multiple intellegences and emotional intelligence at ISS. ThePrincipal of Islamic Secondary School who had understood the multiple intellegences well and belong to the hight emotional Intelligence more success in implementing instructional supervition and be able to develop the interpersonal, intrapersonal intellegences and can also develop selfmotivation and the teachers of ISS to implement thematic-scientifi approach well.Key Word: Thematic, saintifi, multiple intellegences, Emotional Intelligence, Instructional supervition.
Strategi Abduktif-Deduktif Pada Pembelajaran Matematika Dalam Peningkatan Disposisi Siswa
Authors: Shodikin Ali
Published: April 2016

Learning with abductive-deductive strategy is the type of a new approach learning of mathematical thought processes. The purpose of this research is to improve students’ mathematical disposition using abductive-deductivestrategy. Research carried out a nonrandomized control group, prescalepostscale design in eleventh class in one high school in Pati regency, Central Java. Data analysis was conducted quantitative-qualitative research by category early mathematical ability (KAM) and overall. In addition, purpose of research is to also analyze the interaction between learning and KAM. The results showed that the increase of students who got a mathematical disposition learning with abductive-deductive strategy have same result with the students who got expository. In more detail, the category of upper class and middle class is showing the same increase. While the below categories has an increased disposition smaller than the expository. Interaction between learning and KAM to increase the disposition showed no signifiant relationship. This research expected teachers to notice early mathematical ability of students in mathematicsand give special attention related to increase in students’ mathematical disposition, due to certain student groups despite a suitable learning to improve students’ mathematical ability and disposition, however differentthe early mathematical ability showed different resultsKeywords: Strategi Abduktif-Deduktif, Peningkatan, Disposisi Matematis.
Caracterización de recubrimientos DLC/Si bajo la influencia de un fluido biológico simulado
Authors: Vargas William , Caballero-Gómez José Luis , Aperador-Chaparro Willian Arnulfo
Published: April 2016

Uno de los materiales más usados como biomaterial es el acero 316LVM, sin embargo, presenta complicaciones al trabajarlo como reemplazo permanente, debido a que libera iones metálicos a los tejidos, generando aumento en el número de intervenciones que deben realizarse, ante esto, se estudia cómo mejorar el comportamiento de materiales convencionales mediante recubrimientos que elevan sus propiedades mecánicas y anticorrosivas, incrementando su vida útil. Se evaluó el comportamiento ante el fenómeno de micro-abrasión-corrosión de recubrimientos DLC/Si depositados mediante la técnica de deposición química de vapor asistida por plasma en contacto con solución de Ringer, simulando un ambiente biológico. Los resultados indican que el recubrimiento experimenta un aumento en el volumen de desgaste cuando se encuentra sometido al mecanismo de micro-abrasión-corrosión en relación con la prueba de solo microabrasión, además, la pérdida más significativa se encuentra en el sustrato sin recubrimiento, esto demuestra el efecto protector del recubrimiento.
Efecto del rango de carbones colombianos y su tecnología de alimentación en la producción de gas natural sustituto, mediante gasificación en lecho arrastrado
Authors: Pérez-Bayer Juan Fernando , Barrera-Zapata Rolando , Salazar-Jiménez Carlos Alberto
Published: April 2016

Presenta los resultados de un estudio del efecto del rango del carbón usado (desde subbituminoso hasta semiantracita) y de la tecnología de alimentación (seca o húmeda) sobre el proceso de producción de gas natural sustituto (GNS) en gasificadores de flujo arrastrado. Se analizaron diez carbones provenientes de importantes minas de Colombia. El proceso de producción de GNS a partir de gasificación de carbón se modeló bajo equilibrio termoquímico en Aspen Plus. El rendimiento del proceso se evaluó en términos de parámetros de salida, que incluyen el poder calórico del GNS, el índice de Wobbe, la eficiencia de conversión de carbón, la eficiencia en frío, la eficiencia del proceso, la eficiencia global y la tasa de producción de GNS, entre otros. En orden descendente, el proceso carbón-GNS mejora energéticamente con el uso de carbones con alta relación material volátil/carbón fijo, bajo contenido de ceniza, alta relación C+H/O y alto valor calórico del carbón. La eficiencia energética global para la producción de GNS vía gasificación es 17% mayor para la tecnología de alimentación en húmedo con respecto a la tecnología de alimentación en seco, esto posiblemente se da por la mayor concentración de CH4 en el syngas (alrededor del 7% vol.) cuando se usa alimentación en húmedo. El GNS simulado cumple los estándares de calidad de gas natural (GN) en Colombia, por lo tanto, el combustible gaseoso sustituto podría transportarse directamente por gasoductos. Por lo anterior, es técnicamente viable considerar el proceso carbón-GNS como una alternativa no convencional para la producción de GN.