bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Biophilic architecture: Using cognitive science principles to understand impact on well-being
Authors: Shaikh Humaira , Sava-Segal Clara
Published: August 2024

Biophilic architecture is an approach that seeks to connect users more closely with nature by utilizing natural elements and landscape features in buildings. Its aim is to increase well-being, health, and mood using the built environment that surrounds us. Similarly, and often used in tandem, biomorphic architecture refers to an approach that seeks to connect users more closely with nature by using features that mimic it. Despite these goals, little research in cognitive science, the study of the mind, has explored the underlying cognitive reactions specifically induced by biophilic architecture. Here, I have compiled neuroscientific, architectural, and psychological research to study the effects of biophilic architecture on mood, stress, and general health outcomes, and suggest further areas of study for future research. Early findings suggest green spaces and biophilic architecture are extremely effective in lowering stress, increasing happiness, and improving overall physiological health.
Polymers in Drug Delivery: Analyzing Beta-carotene Aggregation in Response to PEG-b-PLA
Authors: Liu Henry , Birch Christopher
Published: August 2024

Synthetic polymers have quickly become ubiquitous in all aspects of modern society, from single-use plastics to medical treatment. This study focuses on the behavior of polymers in the medical context of drug delivery, which requires a highly controlled and targeted release of the therapeutic agent. However, current medical treatments such as anticancer drugs lack precision and lose effectiveness after entering the body. PEG-b-PLA is uniquely structured to have both hydrophilic and hydrophobic ends, which makes it capable of forming polymeric micelles. Beta-carotene, a lipophilic compound, was employed as a surrogate molecule to represent an anticancer drug. This study’s purpose was to study PEG-b-PLA in aqueous solutions with varying concentrations of Beta-carotene and sodium chloride to mimic a human drug delivery procedure. It was hypothesized that PEG-b-PLA would limit the aggregation of Beta-carotene to a constant size, regardless of the outside environment. For that purpose, this study created four mixtures, each with varying concentrations of DI water, Beta-carotene, sodium chloride, and PEG-b-PLA. Qualitative data was collected by using a laser beam to observe the aggregation of Beta-carotene in each mixture, and each mixture was analyzed in a dynamic light scattering (DLS) instrument to determine exact micelle sizes. It was determined that the addition of PEG-b-PLA significantly reduced the aggregation of Beta-carotene in an electrolyte solution, demonstrating the stabilizing role PEG-b-PLA plays in drug delivery. Recent innovations like smart polymers consist of molecules like PEG-b-PLA and have been shown to successfully transport medical drugs, potentially making highly targeted anticancer treatment a reality.
Navigating the Post-Cold War Disorder: Examining NATO Enlargement and Nuclear Proliferation
Authors: Ha Daniel , Wydra Harald
Published: August 2024

The transition from a bipolar to a multipolar world order following the Cold War has profoundly affected international security. This article examines the implications from the dissolution of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), focusing on NATO's enlargement and nuclear proliferation. Such developments have strained post-Cold War relations and increased global security concerns. The hypothesis suggests that the end of the USSR has significantly impacted international stability. It asserts that NATO's expansion in the Liberal International Order (LIO) has contributed to tensions with the Russian Federation, leading to an adversarial relationship. Nuclear proliferation, exploiting the dissolved bipolar structure, has complicated arms control negotiations and intensified the risk of nuclear conflict. This research paper highlights the West’s failure to recognize Russia's security interests and hegemonic pursuits. Using the framework of the LIO, it examines the principles of cooperation, democracy, and multilateralism, offering a lens to address the complex challenges and work toward a future characterized by security and collaboration. By shedding light on the interplay between nuclear proliferation, NATO's enlargement, and the LIO, it underscores the importance of addressing the security concerns of all nations and fostering a cooperative and reliable future.
How Would It Be to Live in Chile, Argentina, and South Korea as a Teenage Girl?
Authors: Kim Namkyung , Zegarra Magdalena
Published: August 2024

This paper focuses on my experiences living in three different countries – South Korea, Argentina, and Chile. In doing so, I demonstrate how, through the perspective of a teenage girl, my perspective of cultures and the world broadly were shaped by living in these different countries.
Many think neighboring countries are very similar but, countries even sharing a border can be very different. When thinking of moving to a new country, the first thing you can know about the country is the geographical location in the world. A question I asked myself and was always curious about before moving to a new country was “How does being located in a specific region of the world affect the country's environment where a teenage girl is going to live?” I decided to answer this question by focusing on these countries. 
Some of the other questions that I explore in this article: What are special words unique to a language or different pronunciations and dialects? What are the differences and similarities of a student’s life in Chile, Argentina, and South Korea? Adding on to this, what are the things a teenage student does outside of school and in their everyday lives? How does living in a certain country change your experience of a pandemic? In order to answer this question I will be focusing on the five aspects of life: Environment, Food, School, Language, Lifestyle, and Covid-19.
Detecting and Validating the Emotions in Alzheimer’s Patients by Voice Analysis, Computer Vision and Deep Learning
Authors: Jain Reetu , Khanna Krishnni
Published: August 2024

Alzheimer’s disease is a degenerative disorder of the brain that affects memory and cognitive function, and is becoming more prevalent as the population ages. Alzheimer causes brain cells of a person to die, and with time the brain works less. As a result of this there is a change in the behavior and personality of Alzheimer patients. It is observed that the patients very often suffer from fluctuating mood. Due to the change in mood of the patient, the caretaker or the attendant of the patient is unable to distinguish what triggered the changes, and provide proactive support or timely intervention. Hence the study is undertaken to detect the mood of the Alzheimer’s patient employing the voice analysis, computer vision and deep learning. This paper comprises of two phases. The first phase detects the emotions of the patients in real time with the help of computer vision (CV), voice analysis (VA) and Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). Two CNN models were trained, first with the attributes extracted from the image and second the features extracted from the voice dataset. Then the predictions are compared to get the result from the proposed model. The second phase of the paper examines the practicality of the proposed approach by applying it to detect the emotions in four Alzheimer’s patients. Finally, the results are compared and validated. Overall, the proposed model holds promise as a valuable tool in the real time detection of emotions in Alzheimer patient, enabling timely intervention and improved patient outcomes.
CardioRetinaNet Joint Analysis of Retinal Images for Cardiovascular Disease Diagnosis and Age Estimation using Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Won Donghun , Cruz Mary
Published: August 2024

In recent years, despite the consistent progress in the field of medicine, a rapid growth of patients with cardiovascular disease has been a problem globally. Cardiovascular disease, a general term for disorders of the heart or blood vessels, require high-speed and precise detection to control and avoid hostile consequences. Traditionally, computerized tomography scans, utilizing images retrieved from CT-scans, to calculate coronary artery calcium score were the dominant method for the diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases. This usual technique is problematic because of its lengthy procedure and the difficulty of getting the diagnosis due to the expensive cost. To address this problem, I propose a convolutional neural network-based cardiovascular disease diagnosis system using retinal images which are notably more cost-effective than computerized tomography scans. The proposed system takes retinal images as input and generates a categorical assessment of the severity of cardiovascular disease as output. Additionally, it provides a predicted age of the patient, contributing to an enhanced performance in cardiovascular disease classification. By incorporating these features, the proposed system aims to advance the accuracy of cardiovascular disease diagnosis. The experimental results clearly demonstrate that the proposed system attains a state-of-the-art performance in diagnosing cardiovascular disease. I expect that the proposed system will make a significant contribution to the utilization of retinal images as a biomarker for diagnosis of cardiovascular disease.
An Automated Wayfinding Algorithm to Find Rovers' Path on the Lunar South Pole
Authors: Bhattacharya Piyali , Bhattacharya Shaayan , Chin Robert
Published: August 2024

As a part of the upcoming Artemis mission, NASA released a large satellite dataset (latitude, longitude, height, and slope) of the lunar south pole, around the area of the lunar module landing site and rover exploration site near the Shackleton Crater. While designing the rover, it’s important to understand the minimum power the rover needs (the amount of slope it can overcome) to navigate the terrain. Our goal was to process the data, visualize the data in 2-D and 3-D, and develop an algorithm that would automatically map the shortest possible path (or no possible path) between two coordinates according to the lunar terrain and rover parameters.  To accomplish that, we processed a large unorganized dataset into an equally spaced and sequential matrix of latitude, longitude, height, and slope. The matrix was then converted into a go/no-go maze of the terrain and the Breadth First Search (BSF) and A* algorithms were applied to the maze to find the optimal path. The terrain and the optimal path were plotted in 2-D using Matplotlib and interactively displayed in 3D using Plotly.  We developed a Jupyter Notebook web-based app that will allow a user to interactively use the algorithm and visualize the lunar terrain. The results identify the minimum rover slope and various paths depending on higher rover slopes. The algorithm and the rover paths were validated by the NASA SCaN (Satellite Communication and Navigation) team of engineers and the application can be used for design, validation, and training purposes.
Evaluating Environmental Justice: How Federal Courts Overlook the Effects of Environmental Policy on Communities of Color
Authors: Yang Jerry , Rawal Arya , Tan Emily , Holden Teresa , Ahmed Nadia , Rosner Em
Published: August 2024

Environmental issues are at the forefront of ensuring the security of our planet. The protection of environmental rights and the establishment of beneficial policies have encountered numerous obstacles within federal courts in recent years. While federal courts have attempted to address these hurdles in past decades, environmental justice is a subject they have failed to confront thoroughly. This paper explores rulings on environmental justice within our federal court system, highlighting how federal courts have neglected individual rights and failed to uphold the constitutional principle of equality. Our research delves into the extent to which federal courts overlook racial disparities when considering the effects of environmental policies on communities of color. Judicial rulings in cases such as Alexander v. Sandoval (2001), West Virginia v. EPA (2022), and Arizona v. Navajo Nation (2023) exclude mention of blatant racial discrimination. These rulings’ lack of consideration for the harm done to these communities has increased environmental racism. This oversight highlights that while the disparities between the effects of environmental policies on people of color and their white counterparts are prevalent, the difficult process of proving discriminatory intent has interfered with the federal court system’s ability to combat environmental racism.
Real time Semantic Segmentation for Human-Labeled Data: A comparative Study Between CNN and Transformer
Authors: Chen Connie
Published: August 2024

Convolutional Neural Networks have rapidly developed in the field of computer vision, notably in image classification, semantic segmentation, and object detection. These networks efficiently extract image features through local receptive fields and shared weights. Despite their effectiveness in various applications, CNNs face limitations, such as challenges in managing large-scale parameters and a tendency to overfit, especially in complex scenarios requiring contextual understanding. On the other hand, Transformer-based models, originally designed for natural language processing, have recently gained prominence in computer vision. They are particularly adept at capturing long-range dependencies, a critical aspect for interpreting complex visual scenes. Their scalability and adaptability open up new avenues for innovation. However, these models also come with drawbacks, including a need for extensive training data and higher computational costs. Their complex structures make optimization particularly challenging in resource-constrained environments. In this paper, our focus is on real-time model comparisons between CNN and Transformer architectures. We represent CNNs with the STDC model and Transformer-based models with the SegFormer. Our analysis revealed that the STDC model significantly outperforms in inference speed, achieving around 97 frames per second (fps), which is notably faster than the 50 fps of the SegFormer B0. However, when it comes to accuracy, the SegFormer B0 demonstrates superiority with a mean Intersection over Union (mIoU) of 86.78, which is more favorable compared to the 82.9 mIoU of the STDC. This study underscores the efficiency and accuracy trade-offs between these two architectures, highlighting the strengths of both CNNs and Transformer-based models in real-time applications.
High School Brain Health: How sports and music can form a more brain-healthy student experience.
Authors: Veerabhadran Aarith , Eyre Harris
Published: August 2024

This paper investigates the link between adolescent mental health and involvement in sports and music. With a focus on preventive measures, it introduces the concept of brain health, a holistic framework intersecting cognitive development and mental health. The paper explores the roles of music and sports in enhancing high school students' brain health. Music, encompassing instrument training, therapy, and listening, proves beneficial cognitively and clinically. However, accessibility challenges, particularly for lower-income students, underscore the need for affordable education and increased support for music therapy. Parallel insights into sports highlight cognitive and mental health benefits but underscore information barriers hindering student participation. The paper proposes practical solutions, including beginner music courses, affordable instrument access, increased support for music therapy, increased access to non-competitive sports, and improved communication regarding high school sports and music. The research urges a change, recognizing brain health as integral to holistic well-being, and calls for actionable integration of music and sports into high school environments for lasting positive impact.
Discovering Extragalactic Supermassive Black Holes with Multiwavelength Data Analysis
Authors: Singh Krish
Published: August 2024

Differentiating extragalactic and galactic sources of light allows for the identification of supermassive black holes for further study. Using the newest X-ray dataset from eROSITA, a machine learning approach helps classify extragalactic and galactic sources. It was found that a Gaussian Mixture Model was effective at this classification, achieving a silhouette score of 0.84. This result shows that a Gaussian Mixture Model is suitable for tasks like this, working toward discovering more supermassive black holes.
Exploring Psychological Youth Self-Harm Drivers and Significance of Relapses in Coping Strategies
Authors: Ramos Julianna , Lopez Johnny
Published: August 2024

This investigation was written to help the public better understand concepts surrounding self-harm, mental illness and relapses. With the rising of the mental health crisis this investigation is vital in not only explaining these topics but also in reducing the stigmatization of this topic. Additionally, this topic is crucial in aiding the understanding of factors influencing self-destructive connotations. Further adding to the importance, the research helps the understanding of alexithymia, gender discrepancies and trauma. Moreover, the investigation deals with the neurobiology of self-harm and briefly mentions its neurochemistry. Furthermore, the investigation explores a myriad of stigmas surrounding topics like these. What's more, the investigation dove into the perspective of people who self-harmed on their scars. Adding to the importance the investigation clarified the link between suicide and comfort variables shared in self-harming youth an important factor of this investigation is that it focuses on adolescents who currently have the highest depression rates world-wide. Additionally, it is important because it discusses the addictive properties of self-harm which if better understood could greatly advance the treatment for some of these cases. Advice for people looking to further investigate this topic would be to dissect relapses on a multi-dimensional plane. To conclude, this investigation is one that is of much value in the current atmosphere of the world.
GU-Net: Diffuse Glioma Segmentation in Brain MRIs Using a Modified U-Net under Data Constraints
Authors: Dhar Arnav , Kakani Snehil , Hsu Caroline
Published: August 2024

Diffuse gliomas are a prevalent type of brain tumor in adults. Currently, treating these tumors is a time-consuming process. Radiologists manually identify and segment diffuse gliomas in Magnetic Resonance Images (MRIs), which are then used as reference by surgeons during treatment. Prior research conducted on automating this process utilizes machine learning (ML) models such as CNNs and U-Nets. One key piece of prior work is BU-Net, which slightly alters the architecture of U-Net. To contribute to this field, we propose a novel, simplified version of BU-Net, dubbed GU-Net, optimized specifically for low-computation neuroimaging. The proposed model is trained on a subset of the BraTS 2021 dataset, consisting of a mere 1647 images stemming from 549 different brain MRIs. Under data constraints, we achieve a 71.58% dice similarity coefficient (DSC) and 64.29% Intersection Over Union (IOU) on the testing dataset. Compared with U-Net's 0.672 and 0.611 and BU-Net's 0.613 and 0.554 on the same dataset, GU-Net’s success under data constraints compared to the other two models is shown. Our work specifically advances diagnosis in underprivileged areas and hospitals with less funding, as GU-Net requires less data to be used and has higher efficiency compared to existing solutions.
A Review of the American Housing Crisis: Governments, Practitioners, and Communities
Authors: Galindo McNielle , Winkler Anthony
Published: August 2024

The housing crisis is an issue that involves the absence of homes, especially affordable homes, from today’s market. This review asks a series of questions on this crisis that focus on why the housing crisis exists, its history, and solutions. These questions are then answered through discussion of various perspectives that highlight the importance of three groups: governments, housing practitioners, and communities. As discussed in this paper, these groups are essential to move forward from the current state of the housing crisis, developing its solutions and, hopefully, resolving the crisis altogether.
Examination of Hippotherapy’s Effect on Balance and Mobility in Children with Cerebral Palsy
Authors: Simpson Ellie , Abercrombie Jason
Published: August 2024

Cerebral Palsy is caused by abnormal brain development or damage to the developing brain that affects a person’s ability to control his or her muscles. People with Cerebral Palsy often have balance and mobility problems associated with their diagnosis. Because a common symptom is stiff muscles, physical therapy is a common way to help decrease spasticity (CDC). Hippotherapy is an alternative form of therapy that has been gaining popularity. This treatment aims to help patients gain the necessary muscles needed to walk and perform daily activities while riding a horse. When riding a horse, a person must make adjustments each time the horse takes a step, which is beneficial for patients who need to learn balance skills. This review explores the effects of different types of Hippotherapy on patients with different types of Cerebral Palsy. The results of several research papers suggest that Hippotherapy does have an impact on patients’ overall balance and motor skills after a series of therapy sessions.
Fingerprinting through Genetics: A Review Article
Authors: Chivukula Rushikesh , Skelly Shannon
Published: August 2024

The workings of human genetics have always been a mystery to most, includingscientists. In fact new relations with human genetics and everyday life are beingdiscovered every day. This article reviews the research done to find a correlationbetween fingerprints and human genetics. Fingerprints have always been indicators ofidentity since everyone has a different fingerprint. This stays true when it comes tofamily members. The objective of the research is to find out if there is any correlationbetween human genetics and fingerprint patterns. The researcher hypothesizes that thegenes passed down from parent to offspring help construct a unique fingerprint pattern.
Comparative structural analysis of MecA encoded beta-lactam resistance in MRSA
Authors: Pallikonda Anisha , Rodriguez Isaryhia
Published: August 2024

As the level of antibiotic resistance in bacteria rises, the threat of patients facing fatal consequences from a simple cut or infection grows dramatically. One example of an emerging antibiotic-resistant threat is MRSA, methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus, which is a growing cause of hospital-acquired pneumonia, skin infections, and even sepsis through cross-contamination in health care settings. However, methicillin resistance like that exploited by MRSA is also highly conserved with that of another species of staphylococcus bacteria, Staphylococcus sciuri which is the ancestral bacterium of S. aureus. S. sciuri is a typically animal-associated bacterium with increasing clinical relevance as the amount of human infections from it has grown. Both these bacteria share the commonality of having the mecA gene that determines methicillin resistance transported through the mobile Staphylococcal cassette chromosome. This study focuses on the relationship between the mecA mobile element in S. sciuri compared to S. aureus and explores the specific role of S. sciuri in the creation of the mecA cassette. Understanding the cassette evolution and similarities and differences between S. sciuri and S. aureus will enable the continued tracking of S. sciuri as an emerging clinical threat. To answer all these questions, BLAST analysis, InterProScan, and additional computational analysis were used to characterize differences in homology, structure, function, and effect on infectivity, robustness of antibiotic resistance, and morbidity. The overall goal of this analysis is to characterize the differences between mecA and methicillin-resistant genes in clinically relevant MRSA as well as environmental samples such as S. sciuri.
Accurate system for assessment and selection of human embryo after in vitro fertilization
Authors: Kim Chae Young , PARK EUN JIN
Published: August 2024

In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) is a complex medical procedure designed to assist individuals in overcoming infertility by facilitating the union of sperm and egg outside the human body. Not all embryos created during the IVF process have the same potential for successful implantation and development. Embryo grading allows embryologists to assess the quality of embryos based on specific criteria, such as cell division, symmetry, and the presence of fragmentation. By assigning grades, they can identify the most viable embryos with the highest likelihood of successful implantation. The conventional methods for embryo grading are time-consuming, labor-intensive, and prone to errors due to their subjective nature. Therefore, there is a pressing need for the development of an accurate and automated grading system to address these challenges. In this study, I propose a human embryo grading system based on machine learning. The proposed system utilizes embryo images as inputs and produces probabilities to predict the success or failure of each embryo. I utilize a convolutional neural network to develop the grading model and introduce a novel hierarchical feature extraction approach to enhance accuracy. Through extensive experiments, I demonstrate that the proposed method surpasses previous approaches with a significant performance margin.
Unmasking the Mask: A Comprehensive Exploration of Sleep Masks and their Impact on Sleep Quality
Authors: Zhou Kiara
Published: August 2024

For reasons we only partially understand, sleep is vitally necessary to human well-being. As such, factors that influence sleep quality have garnered increased attention in recent years. One such factor is the use of sleep masks. In general, sleep masks are used to block out light, as therapeutic masks to promote relaxation and treat illness, and as fashion accessories. This essay reviews the existing literature on the use of sleep masks. It also includes a preliminary survey that addresses the attitudes and habits of individuals who use sleep masks.
Illuminating the Future: Cost-Benefit Analysis of the Installation of LED Street Lights in Townships
Authors: Tang Rebecca , Mathis Raymond
Published: August 2024

Municipalities face decisions about maintaining and upgrading their streetlighting. Do they continue to replace bulbs in their existing lighting systems, or move to energy-efficient systems piecemeal or all at once? This research paper argues that the financial and environmental benefits of a complete shift to efficient Light Emitting Diode (LED) fixtures make the investment worthwhile. Analysis of data from Tredyffrin Township in southeastern Pennsylvania, that is currently making the switch to LED lighting systems, supports the conclusion that committing to one-time full replacement can maximize energy savings and that the issuance of green bonds, over standard municipal bonds, for financing is both viable and advantageous as it can lead to additional savings and budget surplus. Despite a higher initial investment, the extended lifespan of LED lights, compared with Mercury Vapor (MV) lamps, drastically lowers maintenance and replacement costs, leading to considerable long-term savings. By using green bonds, a financing instrument made available for environmentally beneficial projects, a municipality's financing costs can be kept low and large projects can be undertaken, for the fullest financial and environmental benefit.
Underground Canal Debris Detection System
Authors: Alkalbani Abdullah , Rathinam Gopal , Alkalbani Mitha , Albadi Shamma
Published: August 2024

This research tries to give a solution for one of the challenges that face the main and traditional irrigation system in Oman which is Falaj. The study will investigate the problem and will propose a modern solution that saves effort and costs and minimizes the risk on labor who are working on this system. The following report attempts to address the difficulty of accessing the dirt that occurs in the waters of the falaj and needs to be cleaned, because people will face the problem of distance and depth to reach this place, where they expose their lives to danger that may reach death. Therefore, the report proposes a solution to this problem, which is the design of the drone, which will detect dirt through Sending the image to the monitoring station of the device, and then the location of the cleaning is determined.
Management of Electromechanical and Civil Design Interface in Railway Projects through Process Optimization Approach
Authors: Deyta Larcey , Quevedo Francispito , Quevedo Venusmar
Published: August 2024

In this research, we defined Interface Management for Electromechanical and Civil Design Interface in Railway Projects by assessing the facts encountered in the Railway Construction industry to understand what are the causes and recommended solutions to electromechanical design interfaces could be, and providing an interface framework for parties to follow, so that the interface issues are appropriately managed, documented, resolved with practical engineering solutions, implemented, verified, and validated during the project life cycle. This paper presented the data obtained from surveys and interviews conducted with individuals actively engaged in the Railway Industry and relevant research on Interface Management. This research aims to pinpoint the significant factors influencing and hindering the interface between electromechanical and civil design interfaces. Additionally, the study proposed an enhanced Interface Management System framework and streamlined Interface Coordination process for establishing the Type 3 Design Interface between Contractors. Significant factors in the Electromechanical and Civil Design Interface were validated using Statistical Analysis. The study presents an interface coordination approach focused on clear understanding design documents, integrating new technologies, materials, and construction processes, and optimizing efficiency in time, cost, and quality.
Aspectos de religiosidade e moralização nas letras de Alexandre de Gusmão (1629-1724, SJ)
Authors: Scremin da Silva Isabel
Published: August 2024

Este artigo propõe discutir noções teológicas, sob viés retórico, presentes nos escritos do jesuíta Alexandre de Gusmão (1629-1724), que atuou à frente da Companhia de Jesus na América Portuguesa entre os séculos XVII e XVIII. Catequética, a produção do jesuíta acomodava as diretrizes da ordem de Loyola às contingências de pregação na América e aos intuitos de moralização dos costumes de seus leitores. Em meio a discussões acerca da conceição de Maria, da existência do Purgatório ou do uso de relíquias, os escritos de Gusmão possibilitam que aspectos do catolicismo pós-tridentino sejam pensados em solo brasílico, sobretudo relacionados à demonização de outras religiões e a práticas de punição e penitência.
“Que tal um samba?”, Chico Buarque canta um novo Brasil
Authors: Cavalcanti Luciano Dias
Published: August 2024

Nesse artigo, nosso principal objetivo é analisar a canção “Que tal um samba?”, de Chico Buarque, como um convite a seu ouvinte para uma perspectiva de vida oposta a vivenciada no momento histórico em que foi composta, autoritário e fascista. A canção foi criada em 2022, no final de um momento histórico tenebroso, em que a população brasileira foi devastada por uma variação de crises: moral, política, sanitária e está coletivamente sufocada, vivendo em um mundo absurdo, com valores enraizados no autoritarismo, no preconceito e na violência. Para desenvolvermos nossa análise também comentaremos, como objetivo subsidiário, as canções “As caravanas” e “Cálice”, composições que confirmam o desejo de Chico Buarque revelar o Brasil em sua obra musical.
Exploring the Representation of Gender in Language Textbooks of Public Schools at Secondary Level
Authors: Mastoi Ruqia Bano , Puteh Marlia
Published: August 2024

English is one of the global languages connecting people from different countries over the decades. It is one of only the impersonal languages spoken universally. Still, nowadays it serves numerous purposes as it acts as fabricator of personality, opinions and basis of collaborating thoughts traditional, dogmatic or social. English language textbooks grasp students' attention as it is considered a prominent and esteemed language. This research aimed at exploration on how public-school textbooks have utilized the English language to embody female appearance in secondary-level textbooks. This study is grounded on Mills's (1995) concept of feminist stylistics as the theoretical framework. Mill proposed three stages of analysis: Word, Phrase/Sentence, and Discourse. Gender issues should be considered while developing textbooks, as they are vital in educating and influencing learners' beliefs. This study used content analysis as a tool for analyzing gender roles presented by textbooks writers’. The findings of the study revealed that male characters are dominant in roles and occupations compared to female gender. It was also observed that writers’ have used more generic masculine nouns and pronouns such as he, she him, her for general representation of both genders. Female is underrepresented by textbook writers’ as compared to male genders. This study is significant for textbook designers, curriculum committees, policymakers, and implementers.
Investigating Barriers of Transportation for Physically Challenged Students and Improving Accessibility at a Public University of Lahore
Authors: Parveen Dr. Zahida , Qudoos Abdul , Basit Dr. Abdul
Published: August 2024

Equal education is right of everyone with or without disability. Transport plays key role for physically challenged students to get education at public universities. The current study was conducted to analyze the barriers of transportation faced by physically challenged students studying in a public university of the Punjab, Pakistan through action research. The study was qualitive research in its design by opting action research. Eleven participants from the institution were involved in this research process. Purposive sampling technique was used to collect the data. Information was collected through field notes, observations, interviews and focus groups discussion. Study consisted of four phases/ steps of participatory actions research. Thematic analysis technique was employed to analyze the date. Results of study demonstrated that there is a dire need for implementation of policies and procedures developed by Higher Education Commission to implement at higher education institutions for special needs students to enhance the accessibility of persons with disabilities.
Perception of Faculty Members about Improving the Quality of Learning for Students with Disabilities at Higher Education Institutions
Authors: Naz Shaista , Sulman Nasir , Hameed Aqeel Ur Rehman , Khan Faheem Ahmed
Published: August 2024

The study examined teacher knowledge, awareness, and perceptions of students with disabilities in higher education. At the University of Karachi, 264 faculty members from the science, social sciences, education, and management departments participated in a mixed-methods study. The findings suggested that faculty members lacked disability understanding, leading to stress and limited decision-making competence. They also lack confidence in teaching students with disabilities. The study suggests expanding enrollment, establishing supervisory authority, providing barrier-free infrastructure, adjusting teaching methodologies, community awareness initiatives, and promoting equity policies. Further research should explore Universal Design for Learning, assistive technology, individualized teaching approaches, attitudes, policy views, ICT influence, and student academic achievement.
A Study about Identifying the Factors Related to Mainstream Teachers’ Attitudes toward Inclusive Education
Authors: Naz Shaista , Majeed Zahid , Sulman Nasir , Hameed Aqeel Ur Rehman
Published: August 2024

The study used a descriptive methodology to investigate teachers' perspectives on inclusive education practices in urban schools, with teacher attitudes serving as the dependent variable and taking into account factors such as disability types, the role of co-teaching, administrative support, and in-service training for inclusive educational success. The survey included 122 District East high school mainstream teachers from the Karachi Division. Participation was completely voluntary and considered a convenience sample. Females responded at a greater rate (69%), and the majority of participants were above the age of 45 with Master's degrees. The study reveals an evenly divided instruction level between three teaching levels, with seminar/workshop attendance ranking was comparatively high. However, only few of them had no special needs courses. The study found that mainstream teachers' attitudes toward the inclusion of children with special needs are typically positive, but they may be improved, consistent with earlier studies. In conclusion, the study reveals that teachers have modest views on inclusive education with significant challenges in all five sub-domains. Despite this, most teachers believe children with special needs can be effectively taught in regular classrooms.
A Review Article on Analytical Method on Sitageliptin and Metformin
Authors: Divya Torne  , Purva Khatu  , Dr. Vaishali Pardeshi  , Supriya Bandichode  , Mukund Matkar  , Prachi Bombale
Published: August 2024

An overview about simultaneous estimation of the combination drugs, metformin and sitagliptin using RP-HPLC method. Reverse phase chromatography is the most commonly used separation technique in HPLC, common reasons being its simplicity, versatility and its ability to handle compounds of a diverse polarity and molecular mass.Good knowledge about different types of mobile phases and their combination are required for highly precise and accurate method development. The retention time and linearity of metformin and sitagliptin are found to be determined underdifferent chromatographic conditions such as column, mobile phase, elution mode, flow rate and wavelength detected using UV detector. In this article, we will be reviewing different developed methods for estimating the given combination drugs by RP-HPLC.
AI Virtual Mouse using Computer Vision and Media Pipe with Mobile Net Architecture
Authors: Ayisha Nadirsha  , Riyad A  , Harikrishnan S R
Published: August 2024

The AI Virtual mouse project is a challenge for individuals with physical disabilities and those affected by autism. This project presents an innovative solution: an AI Virtual Mouse, powered by computer Vision and the MobileNet architecture. This system not only improves accessibility but also addresses the pressing need for contactless and touchless interactions in a world increasingly concerned about health and hygiene. By using the MobileNet architecture, this system accurately interprets hand gestures to control cursor movements, eliminating the need for physical contact. Designed with accessibility in mind, the AI Virtual Mouse empowers individuals with physical disabilities and those affected by autism to navigate computers effortlessly, fostering greater independence and inclusion. The contactless nature of the interface also aligns with the increasing demand for hygienic solutions, minimizing the risk of germ transmission in public and personal spaces. This technology represents a significant advancement in the realm of accessible computing, offering a practical and intuitive alternative to traditional input methods
An overview of floral and vegetative evolution in the Asian clade of Bulbophyllum (Orchidaceae)
Authors: Thawara Nicha , Kongsawadworakul Panida , Suksathan Piyakaset , Watthana Santi , Pingyot Thitiporn , Merckx Vincent S.F.T. , Ruchisansakun Saroj
Published: August 2024

Background and aims – Bulbophyllum, the largest genus in Orchidaceae, exhibits a diverse morphology in both reproductive and vegetative characters. While trait diversity and evolution has been extensively studied in Malagasy species and within the Cirrhopetalum alliance clade, the evolution of reproductive and vegetative characters at the whole level of the Asian clade remains largely unexplored.

Material and methods – We reconstructed the phylogeny of approximately 11% of all Asian Bulbophyllum species using Bayesian inference and maximum likelihood estimation based on nuclear (ITS) and chloroplast (matK, psbA-trnH) DNA sequence data. This phylogenetic framework allowed us to examine the evolution of two vegetative and four floral characters through ancestral state reconstruction.

Key results and conclusion – The ancestral character states of the Asian clade of Bulbophyllum include a single leaf, distinct pseudobulbs, multiple-flowered inflorescences, and lateral and dorsal sepals similar in length. One-leaved pseudobulbs evolved into two-leaved pseudobulbs multiple times. Distinct pseudobulbs gave rise to indistinct pseudobulbs twice. Multiple-flowered inflorescences shifted to solitary flowers and 2–3-flowered inflorescences multiple times, with some instances of evolutionary reversal. Lateral sepal elongation also presents a convergent evolutionary scenario.
Trek lering uit uw investering! Over financiële projectmonitoring en post investment analysis
Authors: Broekhuis Thom , Corbey Michael
Published: August 2024

Dit artikel laat zien dat de theorie en de praktijk van investeringsselectie veel meer gericht zijn op de fases tot en met de investeringsbeslissing dan erná. Vervolgens worden de voor- en nadelen van het systematisch financieel monitoren, bijsturen en evalueren van geaccepteerde investeringsprojecten geïnventariseerd. De voordelen zijn het lerend vermogen, verbeterde investeringsbesluitvorming, identificatie van succesfactoren, en realiteitszin van de cashflow(s) voor huidige en toekomstige investeringen. De nadelen (complicaties) betreffen de capaciteit en kosten van het uitvoeren, projectselectie, cultuur, en het disentanglement probleem. Deze bevindingen zijn onderzocht in een casestudy bij telecombedrijf KPN en bevestigen de theorie, inclusief het belang van (1) betere besluitvorming ná, en (2) “lering trekken uit”. KPN ziet het disentanglement probleem hierbij als het grootste obstakel.
LEVELS OF SELF-ACTUALİZATİON WİTH MANİFESTATİONS OF VİOLENCE İN STUDENTS STUDY OF THE RELATİONSHİP BETWEEN
Authors: Aygun Karimli
Published: August 2024

It is devoted to the study of the relationship between the manifestations of violence and the levels of self-actualization in students. In the study, the methodology of studying the effects of violence and Shostrom’s SAT methodology and the questionnaire prepared by the author were used. The study included 140 undergraduate students. It was determined that there is a negative correlation between the level of self-actualization of demands and the violence suffered. It became clear that the relationship between the primitive level of self-actualization and the verbal and non-verbal types of violence is bidirectional. At the same time, the relationship between different types of enjoyment and self-actualization is two-way. It can be concluded that as the levels of self-actualization increase, the likelihood of being bullied decreases. It was found that the relationship between the adequate level of self-actualization and the types of violence is positive. The research showed that the phenomenon of verbal and non-verbal violence in childhood causes quite a variety of psychological effects, such as trauma, trust problems, loss of personal self-confidence, self-loathing and the formation of a fearful/anxious personality, and it is very important to eliminate them. It can be concluded that students in order to eliminate the manifestations of violence, it is necessary to increase the personality qualities, including the opportunities for self-realization, and to create a favorable educational environment for this.
Patrimônio histórico no centro do Recife e os paradoxos da gentrificação
Authors: Gomes Edvânia Torres Aguiar , Albuquerque Mariana Zerbone Alves de
Published: August 2024

Desde meados do século XIX, a área central do Recife é palco de grandes projetos de renovação urbana e, ainda hoje, continua como pauta das gestões municipais. Desde a década de 1990, esse processo de renovação está associado à lógica da gentrificação e da cidade-mercadoria, com valorização dos centros históricos para turismo e lazer. A especulação imobiliária tem exercido uma forte pressão no centro histórico do Recife, atrelada a ações estatais que orientam e estruturam esses projetos. Narrativas históricas têm sido associadas aos novos empreendimentos como forma de agregar valor, remetendo ao simbólico, à memória e ao patrimônio histórico. Desse modo, este artigo tem por objetivo analisar os paradoxos da gentrificação no centro histórico do Recife, buscando compreender as ações e inter-relações dos agentes produtores de espaço hegemônicos e contra-hegemônicos, tal qual analisar a forma como o patrimônio histórico é usado nessas ações e como essas transformações têm impactado a dinâmica urbana do local.
Urbanização em debate
Authors: Reis Maria da Conceição dos , Santos Sylvana Melo dos , Gomes Edvânia Tôrres Aguiar
Published: August 2024

Editorial do v. 40, n. 2, da Estudos Universitários: revista de cultura (EUs), da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, que apresenta como tema "Urbanização em debate - desafios e perspectivas".
Pandemi Tarihi, COVID-19 Pandemisi, Küresel ve Ulusal Mücadele Süreçleri
Authors: YILMAZ Faruk
Published: August 2024

Çin’de Aralık 2019’da ortaya çıkan COVID-19 hastalığının küresel olarak hızla yayılmasıyla birlikte, morbidite ve mortalite açısından dünya tarihinin en yıkıcı pandemilerinden biri olan COVID-19 pandemisi kayıtlara geçmiştir. Geçmiş pandemilerle kıyaslandığında, günümüzde teknolojinin gelişmişlik düzeyinde kaydedilen ilerlemeler ve benzer nitelikteki geçmiş pandemilerden elde edilen deneyimler ile tanı ve tedaviye yönelik girişimlerde artış sağlansa da, gelişmişlik durumu farketmeksizin tüm sağlık sistemleri pandeminin olumsuz etkileriyle karşı karşıya kalmıştır. Bu olumsuz etkilerin yol açtığı yıkıcılığın önlenebilmesi veya hafifletilebilmesi için hükûmetler çeşitli ilaç ve ilaç dışı müdahale stratejileri belirlemiş ve bu stratejiler çerçevesinde çeşitli kararları uygulamıştır. COVID-19 ile mücadeleye yönelik gerçekleştirilen tüm bu çabalar sağlık sistemlerinin mevcut kaynaklarını etkin şekilde kullanabilmesini ve bunun bir sonucu olarak pandeminin morbidite ve mortalite etkisinin minimize edilmesini sağlamayı amaçlamıştır. Bu kitapta; pandemi tarihinde COVID-19 pandemisinin yerinin belirtilmesi, pandeminin başlangıcından itibaren tanı ve tedaviye yönelik girişimlerin değerlendirilmesi, pandeminin küresel, bölgesel ve ulusal düzeyde epidemiyolojik değerlendirmelerinin yapılması, sağlık sistemlerinin mücadele süreçlerinde kullandığı ilaç ve ilaç dışı müdahaleleri kapsayan stratejilerin değerlendirilmesi, karşılaştırmalı analizlere dayalı olarak mücadele süreçlerinin etkinliğinin değerlendirilmesi ve gelecek pandemilerle etkin şekilde mücadele edebilmek için politik düzeyde çıkarımların yapılması gibi konu başlıklarına yer verilecektir. COVID-19 pandemisinin geniş bir perspektifle ele alındığı bu kitap “COVID-19 ile Mücadelede Ülkelerin Etkinliğinin Veri Zarflama Analizi ve Makine Öğrenmesi ile Değerlendirilmesi” başlıklı doktora tezi esas alınarak hazırlanmıştır. Kitabın sağlık çalışanları, araştırmacılar, karar vericiler ve politika belirleyiciler için faydalı bir kaynak olacağını umuyorum. Cumhuriyetimizin 100. yılında milletimizin kadim bilgeliğinden ilhamla yazılan bu kitabın, bilimle dolu müreffeh yarınlara ulaşma temennisinin müşahhas bir eseri olmasını dilerim.