bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
As tecnologias digitais nos percursos de sucesso acadêmico de estudantes não tradicionais do Ensino Superior
Authors: Pinto Marta , Leite Carlinda
Published: March 2020

Resumo As tecnologias digitais têm sido reconhecidas como mediadoras importantes nos processos de ensino e aprendizagem na Educação Superior. Tendo essa situação por referência, este artigo apresenta uma investigação que estudou o uso das tecnologias digitais, nesse nível de ensino, por estudantes não tradicionais, como suporte à construção de aprendizagens e ao desenvolvimento de competências de autonomia na organização de percursos orientados para o sucesso acadêmico. Foram foco de estudo estudantes dos cursos de História e de Engenharia de Informática e Computação da Universidade do Porto, por se considerar que quem escolhe esses cursos poderá ter competências digitais distintas. Os dados, recolhidos por entrevistas, foram interpretados por análise de conteúdo. Essa análise permitiu identificar dois tipos de tecnologias: as não oficiais, usadas pelos estudantes por iniciativa própria; e as tecnologias oficiais, oferecidas pela instituição ou sugeridas pelos docentes. As tecnologias não oficiais são usadas entre estudantes, sobretudo na criação e gestão de espaços virtuais para a comunicação e cooperação na partilha de materiais de estudo em diversos formatos multimédia. Por outro lado, as tecnologias oficiais focam sobretudo o uso para o acesso a materiais de estudo disponibilizados pelo docente e a comunicação com o mesmo. Relativamente à relação do uso das tecnologias com o sucesso acadêmico dos estudantes não tradicionais, o estudo demonstrou que elas são um suporte à autonomia do estudante na gestão e flexibilidade do tempo e locais dedicados ao estudo, à comunicação entre pares e com o docente, e ao acesso ubíquo a materiais de estudo, à sua pesquisa e partilha.
The MIMIC Study: Prognostic Role and Cutoff Definition of Monocyte-to-Lymphocyte Ratio and Lactate Dehydrogenase Levels in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Basile Debora , Garattini Silvio Ken , Corvaja Carla , Montico Marcella , Cortiula Francesco , Pelizzari Giacomo , Gerratana Lorenzo , Audisio Marco , Lisanti Camilla , Fanotto Valentina , Ongaro Elena , Iacono Donatella , Cardellino Giovanni Gerardo , Foltran Luisa , Pella Nicoletta , Buonadonna Angela , Aprile Giuseppe , Di Maio Massimo , Fasola Gianpiero , Puglisi Fabio
Published: March 2020

Background

Monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels are circulating biomarkers that provide information about tumor-related inflammation and immune suppression. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic role of MLR and LDH in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC).

Material and Methods

This multicentric study analyzed a consecutive cohort of 528 patients with mCRC treated in 2009–2017. The whole population was randomly divided in training and validation cohort. The first was used to identify a threshold for MLR and to create the prognostic model with MLR and MLR-LDH combined (group 1: MLR-LDH low; group 2: MLR or LDH high; group 3: MLR-LDH high). The second cohort was used to validate the model.

Results

At the median follow-up of 55 months, median overall survival (OS) was 22 months. By multivariate analysis, high MLR >0.49 (hazard ratio [HR], 2.37; 95% confidence interval [C.I.], 1.39–4.04), high LDH (HR, 1.73; 95% C.I., 1.03–2.90) in the first model, group 2 (HR, 2.74; 95% C.I.; 1.62–4.66), and group 3 (HR, 3.73; 95% C.I., 1.94–7.18) in the combined model, had a worse prognosis in terms of OS. These data were confirmed both in the validation set and then in the whole cohort.

Conclusion

MLR and LDH are circulating cost-effective biomarkers, readily available in clinical practice, that can be useful for predicting the prognosis of patients with mCRC.

Implications for Practice

High monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels could be a sign of a tumor's recruitment of suppressive and inflammatory cells worsening prognosis of different types of cancer, including colorectal cancer (CRC). Currently, no data are available for metastatic CRC regarding a cutoff definition for MLR or the prognostic impact of MLR and MLR-LDH combined. The present study showed in the training cohort and confirmed in the validation and whole cohort that MLR is a reliable and independent laboratory biomarker, which is easy to use, to predict clinical outcomes in patients with mCRC. Moreover, MLR and composite MLR-LDH could potentially result in an incremental improvement in the prognostic value of these biomarkers, being used as stratification tools for patients with mCRC.
Kidney Clearance of Secretory Solutes Is Associated with Progression of CKD: The CRIC Study
Authors: Chen Yan , Zelnick Leila R. , Wang Ke , Hoofnagle Andrew N. , Becker Jessica O. , Hsu Chi-yuan , Feldman Harold I. , Mehta Rupal C. , Lash James P. , Waikar Sushrut S. , Shafi Tariq , Seliger Stephen L. , Shlipak Michael G. , Rahman Mahboob , Kestenbaum Bryan R. ,   the CRIC Study Investigators
Published: March 2020

Significance Statement

The secretion of organic solutes by the proximal tubules is an essential intrinsic kidney function. However, the clinical significance of the kidney clearance of tubular secretory solutes is uncertain. In this prospective cohort study of 3416 participants with CKD, the authors found that lower kidney clearances of six endogenous secretory solutes are associated with significantly greater risk of CKD progression (defined as a ≥50% decline in eGFR from baseline, initiation of maintenance dialysis, or kidney transplantation) and that lower clearances of four solutes are associated with all-cause mortality after adjustment for eGFR, albuminuria, and other confounding characteristics. These findings suggest that kidney clearances of secretory solutes may provide complementary information to existing measurements of GFR and albuminuria for the assessment of kidney health.

Background

The secretion of organic solutes by the proximal tubules is an essential intrinsic kidney function. However, the clinical significance of the kidney’s clearance of tubular secretory solutes is uncertain.

Methods

In this prospective cohort study, we evaluated 3416 participants with CKD from the Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort (CRIC) study. We measured plasma and 24-hour urine concentrations of endogenous candidate secretory solutes at baseline, using targeted liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. The study defined CKD progression by a ≥50% decline in the eGFR, initiation of maintenance dialysis, or kidney transplantation. We used Cox proportional hazards regression to test associations of secretory-solute clearances with CKD progression and mortality, adjusting for eGFR, albuminuria, and other confounding characteristics.

Results

Participants in this ancillary study had a mean age of 58 years and 41% were black; the median eGFR was 43 ml/min per 1.73 m2. After adjustment, lower kidney clearances of six solutes—kynurenic acid, pyridoxic acid, indoxyl sulfate, xanthosine, isovalerylglycine, and cinnamoylglycine—were associated with significantly greater risks of CKD progression, with clearance of kynurenic acid, a highly protein-bound solute, having the strongest association. Lower clearances of isovalerylglycine, tiglylglycine, hippurate, and trimethyluric acid were significantly associated with all-cause mortality after adjustment.

Conclusions

We found lower kidney clearances of endogenous secretory solutes to be associated with CKD progression and all-cause mortality, independent of eGFR and albuminuria. This suggests that tubular clearance of secretory solutes provides additional information about kidney health beyond measurements of glomerular function alone.
Perceptions of parents of children with cancer about medications errors
Authors: BİLSİN Elif , BAL YILMAZ Hatice , ÖZALP GERÇEKER Gülçin , BİNAY Şeyda , BAŞBAKKAL Zümrüt
Published: March 2020

Aim: To evaluate perceptions of parents of children with cancer about medications errors.
Materials and Methods: The sample of the study with a cross-sectional descriptive design consisted of parents of 100 children with cancer who received chemotherapy treatment. "The Parents’ Perceptions of Drug Application Security,” “The Methods Used by Parents to Protect Their Children from Medication Errors,” and “The Parents’ Willingness and Attitudes Toward Collaboration with Health Care Professionals" was used to collect research data.
Results: It was found that 7% of the parents confronted with a real medication error; of these, 3% medication errors occurred in the form of wrong drug administration. It was also determined that 68% of the parents thought about the possibility of a medication error occurring during their children treatment. The parents responded as “yes” with the corresponding percentage to the following statements: “I always ask the nurse check whether the drug that he/she will administer on my child is the right drug” (37%), “I trust doctors/nurses, so I do not check them” (61%), and “If I encounter with a wrong drug administration, I definitely report it to the relevant authorities” (92%).
Conclusions: The participant parents' awareness of the methods to protect their children from medication errors was found to be inadequate in some applications, but adequate in some others. It was also determined that they were willing to cooperate with health care professionals against medication errors.
Yoğun Bakım Ünitesinde Tedavi Edilen Yaşlı Hastaların D Vitamini Düzeylerinin Prognoz Üzerine Etkisi
Authors: YİĞİT ÖZAY Hülya , MUNGAN İbrahim , ÇOBANOĞLU ERCAN Güneş , TURAN Sema , ELER ÇEVİK Banu
Published: March 2020

Giriş ve Amaç: Dünyada yaşlı nüfusun %50-60’ında vitamin D eksikliği vardır. Kritik hastalarda ise vitamin D eksikliğinin (25(OH)D<20ng/ml) prevalansı %70’i aşmaktadır. Bu çalışmada Yoğun Bakım Ünitesi(YBÜ)’nde takip ve tedavi edilen 65 yaş üstü; vitamin D verilen ve verilmeyen hastaların prognoz açısından karşılaştırılması amaçlanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Kasım 2014-Nisan 2015 tarihleri arası hastanemiz YBÜ ’de takip ve tedavi edilen hastaların kayıtları geriye dönük olarak incelendi. Enteral beslenen ve vitamin D desteği alan 20 hasta (Grup D), enteral beslenen ancak vitamin D desteği almayan 20 hasta (Grup K) arasında yoğun bakıma kabul sırasında(T1), 7.(T2) ve 15.(T3) günlerde ölçülen vitamin D, albümin, prealbumin, total lenfosit, CRP düzeyleri ve triceps kas kalınlığı açısından fark olup olmadığı değerlendirildi.
Bulgular: İki grup demografik veriler açısından benzerdi. Grup D ile Grup K arasında T1,T2 ve T3 zamanlarında vitamin D düzeyleri, albümin- prealbümin düzeyleri, enfeksiyon oranları, mekanik ventilasyon süreleri, yoğun bakım yatış günü ve mortalite açısından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark saptanmazken T1 ve T2 zamanında total lenfosit(TLS) düzeyleri(p<0,05) vitamin D grubunda istatistiksel olarak anlamlı yüksek idi. Hastaların sadece T3 zamanında vitamin D ve diğer değişkenler ele alındığında ise APACHE II değerleri, MV gün, T3 albümin, T3 prealbümin ve T3 total proteinle istatistiki olarak anlamlı ilişki gözlendi.
Sonuç: Çalışmamızda vitamin D verilen grupla verilmeyen grup arasında bazı değişkenlerde anlamlı fark gözlenmesi, prospektif ve daha fazla sayıda hasta ile yapılacak çalışmalar açısından yol gösterici olacağını düşünmekteyiz.
Perícia de Imputabilidade Penal: Estudo de 2.031 Casos
Authors: Thales Bittencourt Barcelos  , Adriana Maria Campos de Melo Figueiredo  , Eduardo Geraldo de Menezes Torres  , Ana Paula Drummond Lage Wainstein  , Marcela Sena Braga  , Polyanna Helena Coelho Bordoni
Published: March 2020

A psiquiatria forense relaciona o estudo do enfermo mental com a lei, permitindo seu enquadramento nos dispositivos legais e regulamentares, auxiliando na caracterização de imputabilidade à época do ilícito. O objetivo desse estudo transversal foi verificar o perfil epidemiológico e o diagnóstico psiquiátrico dos indivíduos submetidos à perícia de imputabilidade penal no Instituto Médico Legal de Belo Horizonte (2014 a 2015), bem como avaliar os critérios de imputabilidade e os tipos penais mais comuns entre eles. Foram analisados 2.031 casos dos quais a maioria dos indivíduos era do sexo masculino e apresentava médias de 37,7 anos de idade e de 6,7 anos de estudos. Foram considerados dentro da normalidade psíquica 33,1% dos casos e 26,8% apresentaram transtorno psicotiforme. A inimputabilidade foi atribuída a 682 indivíduos e a semi-imputabilidade a 653. A capacidade de entendimento e de determinação foi considerada preservada em 56,4% e em 34,3%, respectivamente. Os tipos penais mais comuns foram furto/roubo (30,7%), porte e tráfico de drogas (14,2%). Dentre os indivíduos com critérios de inimputabilidade houve maior proporção de homens, de solteiros, com maior idade média e com transtorno mental psicotiforme. O grupo com critérios de semi-imputabilidade apresentou maiores proporções de dependência toxicológica e de capacidade de determinação diminuída. Os dados acrescentam informações epidemiológicas e diagnósticas importantes para a psiquiatria forense que poderiam servir para indicar as características da criminogênese e criminodinâmica a fim de se elaborar estratégias para prevenir o envolvimento de doentes mentais com atos ilícitos.
Estimation of Forensic Age from Bony Fusion of Distal Femoral and Proximal Tibial Epiphyses by MRI of the Knee
Authors: Soumeek Chowdhuri  , Saikat Das  , Ritwik Ghosh
Published: March 2020

To test the relevance of bony fusion of distal femoral and proximal tibial epiphysis by means of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), a cross-sectional study was performed to determine the reliability of 16th and 18th years of life. Methodology: We scanned 140 Indian (Bengali) subjects in the age bracket of 3 and 35 using 1.5 T MR-scanner utilising T1 turbo spin-echo sequence representing true bone anatomy, in the Indian Bengali population. Minimum, maximum, mean and standard deviation were defined. Bony fusion took place before the 18th year of life. Intra- and interobserver agreements were determined by calculating the kappa coefficients. Bony fusion of distal femoral and proximal tibial epiphyses in 1.5 Tesla MRI is useful only to a certain extent in determining age 16 to 17 years of life in both sexes, but completion of 18th year of life cannot be solely determined by MRI from bony fusion of knee.
Suitability Map of COVID-19 Virus Spread v2
Authors: Coro Gianpaolo
Published: March 2020

This imagereports a Maximum Entropy model thatestimates suitable locations for COVID-19 spread, i.e. places that could favour the spread of the virus just in terms of environmental parameters. The model was trained just on locations in Italy that have reported a rate of new infections higher than the geometric mean of all Italian infection rates. The following environmental parameters were used, which are correlated to those used by other studies: Average Annual Surface Air Temperature in 2018 (NASA) Average Annual Precipitation in 2018 (NASA) CO2 emission (natural+artificial) averaged between January 1979 andDecember 2013 (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service) Elevation (NOAA ETOPO2) Population per 0.5° cell (NASA Gridded Population of the World) The model file (in ASC format) and all parameters used are attached. A higher resolution map and also the model file (in ASC format) and all parameters are available at the external link (Zenodo). The model indicates highest correlation with infection rate for CO2 around 0.03 gCm^−2day^−1, for Temperature around 11.8 °C, and for Precipitation around 0.3 kg m^-2 s^-1, whereas Elevation and Population density are poorly correlated with infection rate. One interesting result is that the model indicates, among others, the Hubei region in China as a high-probability location, and Iran (around Teheran) as a suited location for virus' spread, but the model was not trained on these regions, i.e. it did not know about the actual spread in these regions. Files Name (Size) (5.7 MB) md5:dea4e66a1c66d0dfc3b0872adfaa020f (47.3 MB) md5:069727a6c5656d276c475606c9b96d47 (1.9 MB) md5:ca91c4d56654b77bf572eef1a42af7a5 (5.1 MB) md5:0ed217e20ab32aad4ab96e5403670ee4 (2.8 MB) md5:79639fd3540c68450d86fde288edb264 (4.6 MB) md5:57aa6c172b3fc036c08d0560f01436ba (5.5 MB) md5:3ab587ea0e0fbe3fcbd9ea6b7844271a (4.7 MB) md5:7ea930f59e5ff627a18383f02737f78d References
LFA-1, MAC-1 LEUKOCITE INTEGRINS – TARGET FOR TUMOUR IMMUNITY MAGNIFICATION
Authors: Bocharova O. A. , Karpova R. V. , Bocharov E. V. , Vershinskaya A. A. , Baryshnikova M. A. , Kazeev I. V. , Soloviev Y. N. , Kucheryanu V. G.
Published: March 2020

The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the expression of LFA-1 (CD11a/CD18) and Mac-1 (CD11b/CD18) β2 integrins on blood cells in CBA mice in ontogenesis as well as under the dry extract of multifitoadaptogen administration during the first month of postnatal development.

Materials and methods. The study was carried out on CBA male mice (CBA/LacY). The experimental mice received 0.3 % dry multiphytoadaptogene extract water-solution during the first month of life (preventive administration). Preparation was produced by a desiccation technology of forty medical herbs (including Panax ginseng, Eleutherococcus senticosus, Rhodiola rosea) water-ethanol extracts components. The CD11a and CD11b antigens expressions on peripheral blood cells were analyzed by indirect immunofluorescence reaction at the age of 4, 8, 22 months. Statistical analysis was performed with the program Statistica 6.0.

Results. The development of genetically predisposed hepatocarcinomas in CBA male-mice was accompanied by a decrease in the expression of СD11a and CD11b antigens on blood cells. Dry multiphytoadaptogene extract administration during the first month of postnatal ontogenesis revealed the CD11a and CD11b antigens up-regulated expression. The effect of the dry multiphytoadaptogene extract is comparable to that for the liquid form of multifitoadaptogen previously identified.

Conclusion. Up-regulated LFA-1 and Mac-1 β2 integrins expression on blood cells using dry multiphytoadaptogene extract administration during the first month of postnatal development is essential for enhance the contact interactions of immune effectors and cancer cells.

The study was performed in accordance with ethical principles adopted by the European Convention for the protection of vertebrate animals used for experimental and other scientific purposes.
AGE-RELATED FEATURES OF SYSTEMIC ANTITUMOR IMMUNE RESPONSE IN PATIENTS WITH PRIMARY OPERABLE BREAST CANCER AND CANCER OF THE ORAL MUCOSA
Authors: Chertkova A. I. , Zabotina T. N. , Tsiklauri V. T. , Zakharova E. N. , Tabakov D. V. , Borunova A. A. , Shoua E. K. , Zaderenko I. A. , Vorotnikov I. K. , Mudunov A. M. , Kadagidze Z. G.
Published: March 2020

Introduction.Age is considered as an important clinical and pathological factor in cancer patients. Malignant tumors are more likely to develop in older people, but the disease is less aggressive than in young patients. According to various authors, the influence of age on the development of tumors largely depends on the age-related features of the immune system.

The aimof the present study was to determine the relationship of indicators of systemic antitumor immune response with the age of patients with primary operable breast cancer and cancer of the oral mucosa.

Materials and methods.The study included patients with all subtypes of primary-operable breast cancer (n = 145) and patients with cancer of the oral mucosa (n = 29). Immunophenotyping of peripheral blood lymphocytes was performed using a wide panel of monoclonal antibodies to markers of adaptive and innate immunity cells.

Results.In elder patients (40 years and older) with primary-operable breast cancer, the percentage of activated CD25+lymphocytes and CD4+CD25+and CD3+CD4+T cells, NKT cells, activated HLA-DR+ lymphocytes, including activated CD3+HLA-DR+T cells before treatment, was statistically significantly higher than in patients younger than 40 years. Patients of this group showed increase of CD8+CD - 11b+CD28–CTLs and a decrease in the number of naive lymphocytes (CD4 – CD62L+ and CD8+CD11b–CD28+) in comparison with control percentage, and the downward trend in CD4+CD25+CD127–Treg, with increased numbers of CD4+CD25+T cells. In patients with cancer of the oral mucosa, an increase in the number of cells of some populations of the immune effector link and a decrease in the number of suppressor lymphocytes were revealed with age.

Conclusion.The results suggest that age-related differences in the state of systemic antitumor immune response contribute to a more favorable course of breast cancer and some other malignancies in older persons. It is obvious that the features of age differences in the immune response to the tumor should be taken into account when prescribing systemic therapy, including immunotherapy.

All patients gave written informed consent to participate in the study
HOX GENE EXPRESSION IN HUMAN B-CELL PROGENITOR LEUKEMIA CELL LINES EXPRESSING E2A-PBX1 ONCOGENE
Authors: Shestakova E. A.
Published: March 2020

Introduction. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is diagnosed mainly in children (2/3 of diseases) making this type of leukemia one of the most common oncological diseases among children. Oncogenes are involved in the development of ALL, in particular the product of chromosomes 1 and 19 translocation, the oncogene E2A-PBX1 that codes for E2A-PBX1 chimeric oncoprotein with strong transcription activation properties as well as oncogenes of HOX family, mainly HOXA and HOXB cluster genes. E2A-PBX1 chimeric oncoprotein and НОХА proteins are associated in vivo with factors participating in epigenetic regulation of gene expression such as chromatin modifying and remodeling enzymes that partially determines their oncogenic properties. In previous studies we obtained data indicating genetic interactions of E2A-PBX1 and НОХ genes participating in leukemia development.

The aim of this research was to confirm the role of Е2А – РВХ1 oncogene in the activation of the expression of НОХА cluster genes coding for the proteins with high oncogenic potential.

Materials and methods. The objects of the study were four B cell progenitor (pre-B) leukemia cell lines: RCH-ACV, KASUMI-2, 697 and NALM-6. Standard polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used for the identification of chromosome 1 and 19 translocation product, E2A-PBX1 oncogene and its expression. Method of reverse transcription coupled with quantitative polymerase chain reaction (Q-RT-PCR) was used for the analysis of 11 HOXA cluster genes expression.

Results. It is demonstrated that E2A-PBX1 oncogene is present and expressed in three studied human pre-B leukemia cell lines, RCH-ACV, KASUMI-2 and 697, while its expression is absent in NALM-6 cell line. High expression of 7 from 11 HOXА cluster genes is revealed in RCH-ACV, KASUMI-2 and 697 cell lines expressing E2A-PBX1 oncogene, whereas NALM-6 cell line, that does not express E2A-PBX1 oncogene, also does not express HOXA genes except low expression of two genes from this cluster.

Conclusions. The data obtained in this study demonstrate that RCH-ACV, KASUMI-2 and 697 human leukemia pre-B cell lines, containing and expressing Е2А-РВХ1 oncogene, also express most of HOXA genes (7 genes of 11 genes) at high level in contrast to control NALM-6 cell line that does not comprise Е2А-РВХ1 oncogene and almost does not express НОХА genes. Therefore, the results of this study suggest the participation of strong transcriptional activator, chimeric oncoprotein Е2А-РВХ1, associated with chromatin modifying and remodeling enzymes, in the expression activation of HOXA cluster genes that also possess high oncogenic potential.
A study on outcome of primary closure versus open fistulectomy in low level fistula in ano
Authors: Basa Maruti , Prakash Karnati
Published: March 2020

Background: Fistula-in-ano is one of the common ano-rectal disorder which causes appreciable morbidity and inconvenience to the patient. Different surgical techniques have been described in literature from time to time. Open fistulectomy though considered as the standard treatment for fistula in-ano, fistulectomy with primary closure has its merits of short hospital stay, early wound healing and lower costs. The objectives of this study was to compare the period of stay, period of healing, time period to return to daily activities and cost factor between open fistulectomy and primary closure technique.Methods: Patients admitted in all surgical units of NIMRA Hospital, were included in the study without bias on a serial basis. This is a study comprising 50 patients over a period of 12 months from Febrauary 2019 to January 2020.Results: The patients were divided into two equal and comparable groups. Patients who underwent open fistulectomy were classified under Group I and those who underwent fistulectomy with primary closure were classified as Group II. The patient’s characteristics of the two groups were well matched.Conclusions: In patients treated by classical method because of long time taken to heal, number of hospital visits for dressings were more and more antibiotics were prescribed when compared to cases treated by excision of fistula tract and primary closure. From this study it can be concluded that fistulectomy with primary closure is ideal for low anal fistulaures.
Comparative study of laparoscopic and open surgery in management of 50 cases of liver hydatid cyst
Authors: Gohil Vikram B. , Thakur Swarnim U. , Mehta Smit M. , Dekhaiya Firdaus A.
Published: March 2020

Background: Echinococcosis is caused by parasite called Echinococcus granulosus and Echinococcus multilocularis. The modern treatment of hydatid cyst of the liver varies from surgical intervention to percutaneous drainage or medical therapy.Methods: This clinical study was done on 50 patients who had liver hydatid disease admitted in Sir T Hospital, Bhavnagar from August 2013 to February 2016. Patients were divided into two groups consisting of 25 cases in each. Group A: managed by open surgery. Group B: managed by laparoscopic surgery. All patients followed up for 6 months after surgery.Results: The mean operative time in Group A was 65.2 minutes (range 35-100 minutes) while in Group B it was 76.32 minutes (range 50-100 minutes). Group B patients were mobilised early and resumed duty very fast then Group A. The mean duration of stay in hospital was 12.4 days (range 4-20 days) in Group A and  6.2 days (range 4-12 days) in Group B. Wound infection seen in 16% in Group A and 0% in Group B. General complication rate was 32% in Group A and 8% in Group B. No recurrence noticed in either group during follow up.Conclusions: Overall laparoscopic management of liver hydatid cyst is cost effective in terms of early mobilization, early discharge and early resumption of work along with cosmetic benefit.
Public health implications of the novel corona virus disease and guidance for dental health care professionals
Authors: Iyer Ramya R.
Published: March 2020

The novel corona virus disease (COVID-19) is a pandemic and has been declared as a Public Health Emergency of International Concern. There is a need for consolidation of global guidelines to prevent and reduce the transmission of this disease at individual, community, national and international level. Health care workers on one hand shoulder the responsibility of mitigation and on the other hand are themselves vulnerable, given the possibility of improper case detection and unascertained modes of transmission of this not well- known viral strain. This review provides a synthesis of facts, news and information on published and unpublished forums about COVID-19 and also throws light upon the various standards and protocols for prevention and management of patients through public health action, meticulous precautions recommended in clinical and community settings, as applicable to dental and other health care professionals.
A Markov Model of Non-Mutually Exclusive Cyber Threats and its Applications for Selecting an Optimal Set of Information Security Remedies
Authors: Kassenov Adil A. , Magazev Alexey A. , Tsyrulnik Valeriya F.
Published: March 2020

In this work, we study a Markov model of cyber threats that act on a computer system. Within the framework of the model the computer system is considered as a system with failures and recoveries by analogy with models of reliability theory. To estimate functionally-temporal properties of the system we introduce a parameter called the lifetime of the system and defined as the number of transitions of the corresponding Markov chain until the first hit to the final state. Since this random variable plays an important role at evaluating a security level of the computer system, we investigate in detail its random distribution for the case of mutually exclusive cyber threats; in particular, we derive explicit analytical formulae for numerical characteristics of its distribution: expected value and dispersion. Then we generalize substantially the Markov model dropping the assumption that cyber threats acting on the system are mutually exclusive. This modification leads to an extended Markov chain that has (at least qualitatively) the same structure as the original chain. This fact allowed to generalize the above analytical results for the expected value and dispersion of the lifetime to the case of non-mutually exclusive cyber threats. At the end of the work the Markov model for non-mutually exclusive cyber threats is used to state a problem of finding an optimal configuration of security remedies in a given cyber threat space. It is essential that the formulated optimization problems belong to the class of non-linear discrete (Boolean) programming problems. Finally, we consider an example that illustrate the solution of the problem on selecting the optimal set of security remedies for a computer system.
Hierarchical Clustering as a Dimension Reduction Technique for Markowitz Portfolio Optimization
Authors: Poletaev Anatoliy Y. , Spiridonova Elena M.
Published: March 2020

Optimal portfolio selection is a common and important application of an optimization problem. Practical applications of an existing optimal portfolio selection methods is often difficult due to high data dimensionality (as a consequence of the large number of securities available for investment). In this paper, a method of dimension reduction based on hierarchical clustering is proposed. Clustering is widely used in computer science, a lot of algorithms and computational methods have been developed for it. As a measure of securities proximity for hierarchical clustering Pearson pair correlation coefficient is used. Further, the proposed method’s influence on the quality of the optimal solution is investigated on several examples of optimal portfolio selection according to the Markowitz Model. The influence of hierarchical clustering parameters (intercluster distance metrics and clustering threshold) on the quality of the obtained optimal solution is also investigated. The dependence between the target return of the portfolio and the possibility of reducing the dimension using the proposed method is investigated too. For each considered example in the paper graphs and tables with the main results of the proposed method - application which are the decrease of the dimension and the drop of the yield (the decrease of the quality of the optimal solution) - for a portfolio constructed using the proposed method compared to a portfolio constructed without the proposed method are given. For the experiments the Python programming language and its libraries: scipy for clustering and cvxpy for solving the optimization problem (building an optimal portfolio) are used.
Feminismo e política: a apropriação da pauta da violência doméstica contra a mulher nos projetos de lei na Câmara dos Deputados
Authors: Capitanio Dábine Caroene , Budó Marília De Nardin
Published: March 2020

A organização da luta das mulheres e o surgimento dos movimentos feministas no Brasil colocaram em pauta a desigualdade de gênero e tornaram inevitável, nos mais diversos espaços do poder político, o enfrentamento dos problemas gerados pela estrutura patriarcal. Dentre as pautas mais importantes está a da violência doméstica e familiar contra a mulher, que levou à promulgação de leis como a Lei Maria da Penha (11.340/2006) e a Lei do Feminicídio (13.104/2015). Para compreender como essa pauta tem sido apropriada no discurso político, este trabalho parte do seguinte questionamento: de que maneira os(as) Deputados(as) Federais brasileiros(as) recepcionam as demandas dos movimentos feministas em seus discursos inseridos na proposição de Projetos de Lei a respeito da violência doméstica? A metodologia utilizada foi a Teorização Fundamentada nos Dados, de viés predominantemente indutivo, a partir das técnicas de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental. Inicialmente, o trabalho descreve a construção da luta contra a violência doméstica no Brasil, a partir dos movimentos feministas. Após, apresenta os resultados da análise dos Projetos de Lei propostos por Deputados(as) Federais, a respeito da pauta da violência doméstica contra a mulher, fazendo interagirem o objeto das proposições, com as justificativas apresentadas pelos(as) parlamentares. Os resultados apontam para pelo menos duas ordens de restrições no discurso parlamentar sobre a prevenção da violência: a primeira, quanto ao tipo de política proposta, predominantemente punitivista; a segunda, quanto ao conceito de mulher, estritamente entendida como mãe.
Editorial
Authors: Kato Danilo Seithi , Narita Felipe Ziotti
Published: March 2020

Editorial - v. 7, n. 1, 2017.
Editorial
Authors: Kato Danilo Seithi , Narita Felipe Ziotti
Published: March 2020

Editorial - v. 9, n. 2, 2019.
Trabalho e saúde mental: a relação existente no cenário do CAPS Maria Boneca de Uberaba-MG
Authors: Aguiar Daniella Amaral
Published: March 2020

RESUMOA presente pesquisa trás uma análise acerca de como a categoria trabalho se apresenta à área da saúde mental brasileira, expressa em um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial da cidade de Uberaba-MG. Através da participação de usuários dos serviços e de profissionais da área do Serviço Social e Terapia Ocupacional traçou-se um apanhado dos limites e das possibilidades que permeiam à saúde mental através de novas estratégias intervir de forma a fortalecer a (re) inserção e (re) socialização de pessoas em condição de sofrimento psíquico na dinâmica de uma sociedade capitalista, entendendo a percepção individual de usuários e abrangendo o papel do Estado, enquanto provedor e regulador de políticas sociais. ABSTRACTThis research back an analysis on how the work category is presented to the area of the Brazilian mental health, expressed in a Psychosocial Care Center in the city of Uberaba-MG. Through the participation of service users and professionals in the field of Social Work and Occupational Therapy drew up an overview of the limits and possibilities that permeate the mental health through new strategies intervene to strengthen the (re) integration and (re ) socialization of people in psychological distress condition in the dynamic of a capitalist society, understanding the individual's perception of users and covering the state's role as provider and regulator of social policies. RESUMENEsta investigación de vuelta un análisis sobre cómo la categoría de trabajo se presenta a la zona de la salud mental de Brasil, expresaron en un Centro de Atención Psicosocial en la ciudad de Uberaba-MG. A través de la participación de los usuarios de los servicios y los profesionales en el campo del Trabajo Social y Terapia Ocupacional elaboró un resumen de los límites y las posibilidades que impregnan la salud mental a través de nuevas estrategias de intervención para fortalecer la (re) integración y (re ) la socialización de las personas en condición de malestar psicológico en la dinámica de una sociedad capitalista, la comprensión de la percepción del individuo de los usuarios y que cubre el papel del Estado como proveedor y regulador de las políticas sociales.
PSICOGERIATRIA: MODIFICAÇÕES FARMACOCINÉTICAS E FARMACODINÂMICAS ASSOCIADAS AO ENVELHECIMENTO
Authors: D'Agostin Mariana Borsatto , Budni Josiane
Published: March 2020

O envelhecimento humano passou a ser considerado um importante fenômeno social, devido ao aumento da expectativa de vida da população. O processo de envelhecimento na vida dos indivíduos permanece, ainda, como um dos pontos mais complexos, obscuros e críticos para a ciência. O envelhecimento acarreta o risco para muitas comorbidades e um elevado consumo de medicamentos administrados para o controle destas, utilizados de forma crônica e por tempo indeterminado. As mudanças fisiológicas relacionadas ao envelhecimento podem alterar, de forma significativa, a farmacocinética e a farmacodinâmica de diversos fármacos. Portanto, o objetivo desta revisão foi descrever, por meio de revisão bibliográfica, as principais alterações farmacocinéticas e farmacodinâmicas apresentadas ao longo do processo de envelhecimento e relacioná-las com a administração de medicamentos psicotrópicos. Os estudos mostram que a terapêutica medicamentosa em idosos é altamente influenciada pelas alterações farmacocinéticas e farmacodinâmicas próprias do envelhecimento. Estas alteram a sensibilidade e o efeito de vários fármacos. Além disso, a elevada prevalência de comorbidades nessa população aumenta as chances de efeitos adversos maiores. Portanto, deve-se necessariamente considerar as alterações e comprometimentos orgânicos que modificam funções farmacocinéticas do indivíduo idoso. A adoção de uma conduta terapêutica preventiva, alicerçada na ótica da interdisciplinaridade, pode favorecer uma vida mais criativa e mais satisfatória para o idoso, proporcionando maior qualidade de vida ao mesmo.
AURICULOTERAPIA NO CONTROLE DA ANSIEDADE DE MULHERES MENOPAUSADAS
Authors: Garcia Aline Maria , Mathias Louyse Beatriz Mondardo , Santos Cecília Marly Spiazzi dos , Hoepers Neiva Junkes , Soratto Maria Tereza
Published: March 2020

Estudo com objetivo de conhecer a percepção das mulheres sobre a contribuição da Auriculoterapia na Ansiedade. Pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa, descritiva, exploratória e de campo. O estudo foi desenvolvido com 16 mulheres menopausadas atuantes como auxiliar de limpeza da Universidade do Extremo Sul de Santa Catarina - UNESC. Aplicou-se o Índice de Menopausa de Kupperman e Blatt e Escala de Avaliação de Ansiedade de Hamilton; 08 sessões de auriculoterapia e a entrevista semiestruturada. Em relação ao índice de menopausa de Kupperman e Blatt 12,5% das mulheres apresentaram sintomatologia de menopausa fraco; 50% moderado e 37,5% intenso. Todas as profissionais apresentaram ansiedade, sendo 18,75% nível leve; 18,75% nível moderado; 62,5% nível severo ou intenso. Após a aplicação da auriculoterapia, o índice de Menopausa de Kupperman e Blatt de 28,57% dos profissionais com sintomas de nível intenso diminuiu para nível moderado e 48,86% do nível moderado diminuiu para nível leve. Antes da aplicação da auriculoterapia, observou-se que 14,29% dos profissionais possuíam nível de ansiedade leve, sendo que após a aplicação da auriculoterapia 85,71% atingiram o nível de ansiedade leve. Considera-se essencial que as mulheres menopausadas busquem alternativas para uma melhor qualidade de vida no trabalho; sendo que esta pode contribuir para uma melhor relação interpessoal e melhor enfrentamento e controle da ansiedade.
Propriedades nutricionais do alpiste (Phalaris canariensis L.) e sua aplicação na gastronomia
Authors: Teixeira Luana Pezente , Macan Tamires Pavei
Published: March 2020

O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever os benefícios do consumo da semente de alpiste (Phalaris canariensis L.) em seres humanos e sintetizar seu uso na gastronomia. Para isto, realizou-se uma revisão bibliográfica exploratória de artigos científicos indexados nas bases de dados científicos SciELO e PubMed. Evidenciou-se que o alpiste é uma boa fonte de proteínas, lipídeos e compostos fenólicos, e possui efeitos hipoglicemiante, antioxidante e antihipertensivo. O alpiste apresenta propriedades nutricionais que os tornam benéficos para a saúde humana, mas não devem ser utilizados isoladamente para o tratamento de doenças. Além disso, este alimento pode ser utilizado na gastronomia, como farinha, semente ou extrato aquoso, sendo uma alternativa para indivíduos com intolerâncias ou alergias alimentares.
CARACTERISTICAS SOCIODEMOGRÁFICAS E CLÍNICAS DE MULHERES COM HANSENÍASE EM UM MUNICÍPIO HIPERENDÊMICO BRASILEIRO
Authors: Soares Daniel Lemos , Aquino Dorlene Maria Cardoso de , Corrêa Rita Da Graça Carvalhal Frazão , Pereira Luís Fernando Bogéa , Sousa Vanessa Emille Carvalho de
Published: March 2020

Objetivo: descrever o perfil sociodemográfico e clínico de mulheres com hanseníase. Método: estudo descritivo com abordagem quantitativa desenvolvido com 170 mulheres sob tratamento para hanseníase. Resultados: observou-se uma predominância de mulheres com idade de 36 a 45 anos (25,3%), com ensino médio completo (35,9%), com renda familiar de um salário mínimo (62,9%) e casadas (48,8%). A forma clínica mais frequente da hanseníase foi a dimorfa (57,6%), com tempo de tratamento entre quatro a seis meses (30,6%). Do total, 38,2% mulheres apresentaram algum tipo de reação hansênica sendo predominante a reação tipo 1 (55,4%). Verificou-se 22,4% mulheres com algum grau de incapacidade e, destas, 17,1% tinham incapacidades de grau 1. Conclusão: idade inferior a 45 anos, baixa escolaridade e baixa renda foram as características predominantes em uma amostra de mulheres com hanseníase. A presença de incapacidades físicas alerta para uma maior vulnerabilidade dessas mulheres e para a necessidade de intervenções.Descritores: Hanseníase; Mulheres; Perfil de Saúde
SPECIFIC FEATURES OF MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY OF IMPORTED MORBIDITY CAUSED BY SALMONELLA ENTERITIDIS INTRODUCED STRAINS WITH SPECIFIC PLASMID TYPES
Authors: Shubin F. N , Kuznetsova Natalya A. , Rakov A. V , Soloveva A. S
Published: March 2020

Aim. To compare the plasmid characteristics of Salmonella Enteritidis populations isolated from human patients in the Primorsky and Khabarovsk Territories to determine the causes and mechanisms of the morbidity gain associated with Salmonella infections caused by specific plasmid types. Materials and methods. The plasmid analysis of S. Enteritidis isolates from 7057 patients, including 6120 patients in the Primorsky Territory and 937 in the Khabarovsk Territory were performed over the period of 2006-2013. The plasmid profile was analyzed by the method of Kado C.I. and Liu S.T. (1981). Results. The concept of the synchronous morbidity among people living in different administrative territories caused by specific plasmid types of S. Enteritidis was established. The need to identify this type of morbidity is predicated on its targeted control and prevention measures. Conclusion. The nonintegrated epidemiological surveillance of salmonellosis covering certain administrative territories is unable to control the whole process of synchronous morbidity; additional infection control of strategies is needed.
ACUTE INTESTINAL INFECTIONS IN AMBULATORY PRACTICE
Authors: Nikonorova Marina A. , Saldan I. P , Karbysheva N. V , Pak S. G , Belaia O. F , Bobrovsky E. A , Yakimenko E. A , Nemilostiva E. A
Published: March 2020

There is presented the structure of acute intestinal infections (AIIs) at the outpatient stage of medical care in 135 outpatients (70 men and 65 women, aged from 15 to 55 years) visited the Health Center of Barnaul. In all patients, the mild course of gastroenteritis predominated (the stool frequency did not exceed 4-5 times a day, body temperature - 37.2 0C). The investigation of biological material from patients (feces) was carried out by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with hybridization-fluorescent detection “AmpliSens® AII screen-FL”. The results showed the high efficiency of the test system used, as in 118 out of 135 samples (87%) there was found genetic material of different etiology, 66.1% were of the viral origin, among which rotaviruses and noroviruses prevailed, 25.4% of samples had bacterial origin (Salmonella prevailed) and 19.5% of mixed virus-viral or bacterial-viral etiology. The work showed both the high sensitivity and specificity of the PCR method in the etiological diagnosis of AII. Among the examined patients, AII of viral origin prevailed (66.1%).
TRENDS OF CONTEMPORARY LEPTOSPIROSIS (REVIEW OF LITERATURE)
Authors: Gorodin Vladimir N. , Moysova D. L , Bakhtina V. A , Zotov S. V
Published: March 2020

A review of the literature is devoted to one of the most common and clinically significant zoonoses - leptospirosis. The article summarizes modern information on prevalence, epidemiology, etiopathogenesis and clinical features, diagnosis of leptospirosis infection over the last 10 years. The particular attention is paid to the characterization of severe forms of the disease, complex approaches to the treatment of the disease, correction of organ dysfunction and hemostasis disorders; review.
La herencia del experimento neoliberal
Authors: Romero José
Published: March 2020

El artículo fue retirado debido a un incumplimiento de las normas de citación de la revista.
Determinantes, tamaño y evolución del mercado interno en México y sus implicaciones macroeconómicas para el crecimiento económico, 1970-2017
Authors: Martínez Hernández Francisco A. , Contreras Cleofas Omar
Published: March 2020

Este artículo investiga cuáles han sido los determinantes, el tamaño y la evolución del mercado interno (MI) en México de 1970 a 2017. Utilizamos el Sistema de Cuentas Nacionales de México (SCNM) del Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía (INEGI) para proponer una nueva metodología de estimación del mi. Posteriormente, analizamos las implicaciones macroeconómicas asociadas con la evolución de los componentes del MI desde un enfoque de demanda. En primer lugar, encontramos que los elevados coeficientes de importación han tendido a reducir los principales componentes del MI. En segundo lugar, desde la perspectiva de la generación del ingreso, encontramos evidencia econométrica que sugiere que las remuneraciones de asalariados (RA) causan la productividad a nivel macroeconómico en el sentido de Granger, por lo que un excesivo crecimiento del excedente bruto de operación (EBO) ha tendido a contraer el potencial de la economía mediante la reducción de las RA en el ingreso nacional. Finalmente, encontramos evidencia econométrica de que ha existido un efecto de atracción (crowding-in) del gasto y la inversión pública hacia la inversión privada en la economía mexicana en el periodo de estudio.
Defensible Spaces and Home Ignition Zones of Wildland-Urban Interfaces in the Fire-prone Areas of the World
Authors: Rahman Shahriar , Rahman Sanzida
Published: March 2020

Wildland-Urban Interfaces (W-UI) are at high risk of wildfires. Defensible spaces and home ignition zones are the two main aspects to protect lives and livelihoods of W-UI in the United States, Canada and Australia. The different part of the world has different rules and regulations for W-UI land management. We have discussed the defensible spaces in fire-prone areas, current ignition zone distances from structures, building materials, architectural design, the fire resistance trees, ground cover, landscaping and some other precautions to save lives and assets in the prominent fire-prone zones for three different countries (United States, Canada and Australia) of the world.