bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cartographie du couvert végétal et des zones humides de la région de Dakar (Sénégal) à l’aide des images Sentinel-2 et Landsat 8 OLI
Authors: FAYE Mbagnick , TINE Dome , NIANG Gallo , FAYE Guilgane
Published: December 2024

Les milieux urbains abritent des couvertures végétales sous plusieurs formes qui remplissent des fonctions écologiques de régulateur thermique, de biodiversité, de qualité de l’air, etc. L’objectif de cette étude est d’analyser, à travers la cartographie, l’évolution des espaces verts et des zones humides en milieu urbain. Les images satellitaires Landsat TM de 1986, ETM+ de 2000, OLI de 2020 et MSI de Sentinel 2 sont utilisées pour l’analyse diachronique de l’occupation du sol et l’identification des espaces verts et des zones humides. La classification supervisée et l’algorithme maximum de vraisemblance ont été utilisés. Les résultats issus de la classification montrent que la végétation urbaine est difficilement analysable sur les images à haute résolution spatiale (HRS). En effet, entre 1986 et 2020, la végétation a diminué dans la région de Dakar et est passée de 10,7 % à 6,6 % en faveur du bâti. Les zones humides (eau) ont connu une légère hausse, environ 0,2 %. Elles sont passées de 0,8 % en 1986 à 1 % en 2020. Les images Sentinel-2 de 10 mètres de résolution spatiale donnent un meilleur résultat sur la cartographie des espaces verts et des zones humides en milieu urbain qu’à celles de Landsat-8 qui sont de 30 mètres de résolution.
Valorisation des interstices urbains à travers l’horticulture ornementale à Dakar : acteurs et retombées socio-économiques
Authors: NDIAYE Ibrahima , DIOUF Ibrahima Faye , GOMIS Daniel , BADIANE Sidia Diaouma
Published: December 2024

L’espace public dans la région de Dakar est approprié pour des pratiques économiques et entrepreneuriales, parmi lesquelles l’horticulture ornementale. Ce sont des interstices urbains qui sont valorisés et qui offrent à l’activité agricole des possibilités de déploiement pour répondre à des besoins économiques et sociaux. L’horticulture ornementale est une forme d’agriculture urbaine, pratiquée et vécue dans une agglomération par des agriculteur·trices et des habitant·es à l’échelle de la vie quotidienne. Elle répond à des fonctions économiques et sociales croissantes pour les acteur·trices concerné·es. Dans la région de Dakar, l’horticulture ornementale s’est imposée malgré tout dans le paysage urbain. Son marquage spatial est manifeste et constitue un marché émergent et un enjeu de sécurité alimentaire. Elle génère une forme particulière de l’agriculture urbaine, marquée par la précarité et l’informalité du fait des contraintes foncières. Cette étude se propose de caractériser l’horticulture ornementale dans les interstices urbains dans 17 communes de la région de Dakar. Elle permet de comprendre les enjeux économiques et les processus de négociation des acteurs afin de pérenniser leurs activités dans l’espace urbain.
Trames vertes et bleues : outil pédagogique pour une éducation au développement durable
Authors: DIOP Aminata
Published: December 2024

Les trames vertes et bleues sont des composantes essentielles du territoire dans un contexte d’étalement urbain, de péjoration climatique hypothéquant les équilibres écologiques. C’est dans ce contexte de scepticisme sur la durabilité de la vie que l’Éducation au développement durable (EDD) a été introduite dans les curriculums du cycle primaire pour faire des apprenant·es des écocitoyen·nes conscient·es et capables de préserver leur environnement. L’objectif de ce travail de recherche est de montrer que les trames vertes peuvent être des outils pédagogiques de mise en œuvre d’une EDD à partir du programme de géographie de la classe de sixième du Sénégal. L’étude se fonde sur l’analyse du corpus constitué des programmes de géographie de 2006, des orientations de l’UNESCO (2017a) sur l’EDD et sur l’organisation et l’analyse d’une séance d’enseignement-apprentissage dans une classe de sixième. Il ressort de la recherche que les trames vertes et bleues, du fait de leurs caractéristiques et apports multidimensionnels, est un outil adapté à l’EDD. L’approche régionale du programme de géographie de la classe de sixième offre plusieurs possibilités d’étudier les trames vertes et bleues. L’organisation la séance d’EDD a montré que le choix de ressources pertinentes et de stratégies centrées sur le travail de groupe et la facilitation du ou de la professeur·e permettent d’initier les élèves à la complexité. L’étude des trames bleues et vertes, dans une perspective de durabilité, permettent d’appréhender à la fois les savoirs scientifiques, les savoirs expérientiels et de susciter une volonté de s’engager pour le développement durable chez des apprenants.
Depositional and Diagenetic Evolution Related to Stratigraphic Sequence of Mauddud Formation in Halfaya and Ratawi Oilfields, Southern Iraq
Authors: Saeed Ahsan , Al-Zaidy Aiad
Published: December 2024

The present study analyzed microfacies, stratigraphic evolution, and diagenetic processes of the Mauddud Formation of Ratawi and Halfaya oilfields. Based on rock texture, component analysis, microfacies, and diagenetic features are determined through core, cuttings data, and well logs. Nine microfacies were identified, including Lime Mudstone, Benthic foraminifera wackestone, Peloidal wackestone, Bioclast packstone, Benthic foraminifera packstone, Algal packstone, Bioclast grainstone, Benthic foraminifera grainstone, and Peloidal grainstone. During the entire depositional period of the Mauddud Formation, local sea level fluctuation resulted in multiple transgressive and high-stand cycles, and the paleoenvironment changed from middle ramp) distal to proximal( to inner ramp shoal and middle ramp proximal to inner ramp shoal in single high stand cycle (HST). Inner ramp shoal to middle ramp proximal-distal in the single transgressive cycle (TST) developed during the local period. The most essential constructive diagenesis feature is dissolution, which frequently occurs alongside an HST cycle. Primary porosity and reservoir characteristics are reduced due to cementation and compaction. Dolomitization can also be viewed as a constructive diagenesis, as the dolomite produces intercrystalline pores that improve reservoir quality.
Depositional Environment and Stratigraphic Sequence of the Oligocene Succession in Fallujah and Melh-Tharthar Oilfields, Central Iraq
Authors: Abood Mustafa , Al-Zaidy Aiad
Published: December 2024

The current study dealt with the facies and stratigraphic sequence of the Oligocene succession in the Fallujah and Melh-Tharthar oilfields, which are located in the most part the northern of the Mesopotamian Zone at central Iraq. The studied Oligocene succession consists of Bajawan, Baba, Sheikh Alas and Plani formations in the Fallujah oil field, while in Melh-Tharthar oil field, consists of Anah, Azkand, Sheikh Alas and Palani formations. The facies analysis of the studied Oligocene sequence was described according to the carbonate fabric and the particle types in the Fallujah oil field that showed eleven micro-facies for seven facies associations (back-reef, shallow open, shoal, fore-reef, reef, slope and deep shelf), while in the Melh-Tharthar oil field, the Oligocene succession was characterized by thirteen micro-facies for six facies associations (back-reef, reef, fore-reef, shoal, slope and deep shelf). Four depositional cycles were diagnosed through facies analysis of the studied sequence, the first sedimentary cycle of Palani Formation represents a transgression stage (TST) of the deep-sea facies and ends with the slope facies during the highstand system tract stage (HST). The second depositional cycle of Sheikh Alas Formation represents by progressive stage (TST), which is characterized by deepening upward for fore-reef association facies in Fallujah oil field and reef/fore-reef facies associations in Melh-Tharthar oil field. The third depositional cycle represents Baba Formation which was deposited during three stages of the HST in a succession of fore reef/reef and shoal facies associations. While in Melh-Tharthar oil field represent by Azkand Formation which characterized by the similar facies associations of Fallujah succession, with exception of presence the fourth HST stage that represented by fore-reefs and coral reef facies associations. The high stand stage continued during the deposition of the Bajawan Formation, as a fourth depositional cycle, which showed the deposition in shallow open marine and back-reef associated facies, whereas in Melh-Tharthar oil field such cycle is characterized by alternative of reef and Backreef facies association which deposited during HST stage. The fourth cycle ended with a regional regression stage to form SB1 which marking the end of the Oligocene.
Noise Ratio Variation Effects on Visualizing Subsurface Targets in Electrical Resistivity Imaging (ERI) Sections
Authors: Eissa Raad
Published: December 2024

Geoelectrical methods, such as electrical resistivity, are frequently applied for indirect site investigations. The collected data might be affected by noise, overestimating, or underestimating the measurements. Noise affects electrical resistivity data, which is required to be determined. As a result, synthetic electrical resistivity data sets were numerically created using the RES2DMOD software, with experimental noise levels of 1%, 2%, 3%, and 4%. After that, the data sets were inverted using the RES2DINV software package, which included a robust algorithm. These datasets were generated by applying the dipole-dipole, Wenner, and Wenner-Schlumberger arrays for a geological model (a normal fault) and a geotechnical model (i.e., several subsurface targets). A qualitative comparison reveals that the performance of the dipole-dipole array was the best, and the array shows less effects of the noise on the electrical resistivity model. The Wenner-Schlumberger was on the second rank. In addition, the RMSE error values indicate an increase with the progress of the inversion process.
Calculating Wind Power Density in the Iraqi Coastal Region
Authors: Talib Ethar , Hussain Hazim , Majeed Husam
Published: December 2024

Wind energy is a significant renewable resource due to its low cost, environmental friendliness, and high-efficiency level. This study examines the impact of wind speed and direction on wind energy in the coastal region of Iraq. The wind rose used to determine the frequency of wind direction and wind speed in Basra City. The data was collected from the Al-Faw Grand Port station for the years 2016- 2022. The study found that the dominant wind direction is northwesterly, sometimes southeast. Additionally, the maximum wind speed during winter in May and October exceeds 19 m/s. The wind power density was computed and influenced mainly, which is mostly influenced by the wind speed. When discussing the average monthly data for wind speed and Wind Power Density, June had the highest average monthly Wind Power Density value, reaching 390.5 W/m², with an average monthly wind speed of 7.5 m/s. This was due to the presence of many days with high values of wind speed during the month. The relationship between Wind Power Density and wind speed is positive, meaning that as wind speed increases, Wind Power Density also increases. At higher wind speeds, wind power density can reach very high or sometimes low values, depending on the frequency of high wind speed values. The wind power density at the study area considers unsuitable for energy production at 6m height and maybe better at higher elevation.
Comprehensive Sedimentological Study of the Danian Aaliji Formation from the Duhok Area, Northern Iraq
Authors: Abdulwahid Halbin , Malak Zaid
Published: December 2024

The Danian Aaliji Formation exposed in the Bade section of the Duhok area, north of Iraq, represents a significant lithostratigraphic unit for the early Paleocene deposits in the region. It is 20.9 m thick and is composed of light brown-grey marls, shales, and some thin beds of limestone. Stratigraphically, the Aaliji Formation deposited immediately following the Cretaceous-Paleogene (K-Pg) boundary, separated from the Upper Cretaceous tough blue marlstone of the Shirnaish Formation by thin laminar of the meteoritic ejecta spherules conformably, while its upper limit ends unconformably with the Paleocene green-olive clatsitics of the Kolosh Formation marked with 30 cm tough, recrystallized limestone bed with rich content of glauconite, iron oxides, and Thalassinoides. Detailed microfacies and lithofacies analysis of the Aaliji Formation reveals three main microfacies (Aa3: globular planktic foraminiferal lime wackestone; Aa4: bioclastic-globular planktic foraminiferal packstone; Aa5: bioclastic lime grainstone), in addition to two lithofacies (Aa1: soft shale; Aa2: calcareous shale). The presence of these microfacies within the formation suggests that Aaliji Formation deposited in the middle-outer shelf environment with some extension to the upper bathyal condition. This study contributes to the broader understading of the early Paleocene sediments in northern Iraq.
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE FAMILY HOPE PROGRAM
Authors: Saepudin Saepudin , Wahyudin Cecep
Published: December 2024

The survival of the community in each region is part of government development; with families who are financially vulnerable in meeting their basic needs, the government is obliged to assist in the form of assistance channeled through the Family Hope Program (PKH). This research aims to analyze the implementation of the Family Hope program in the Ciawi District by adopting four main plans: communication, resources, organization, and bureaucratic structure. The author used quantitative research methods, with a descriptive approach where the statement was distributed to 15 people from recipient communities and aid providers as respondents. Based on the research results, it was found that the Family Hope program in the Ciawi sub-district was running well. This can be seen from respondents' responses to interviews with the Bogor Regency Social Service and the results of distributing questionnaires showing an average dimension value of 4.25. So, based on these findings, the Bogor Regency Social Service maintains good values and continues to implement plans in accordance with the aims and objectives determined by law. And can be used as input to PKH organizers in the Ciawi area. Improving oneself is a form of responsibility to PKH recipients because this will build more trust in the community. In other words, this research impacts the welfare of the people who receive the benefits of the PKH program.
Penyusunan Program Kerja Pelaksanaan Anggaran Pendidikan
Authors: Affan  , Siradjuddin  , Alwan Suban  , Nurul Fauziyah
Published: December 2024

Penyusunan program kerja pelaksanaan anggaran pendidikan adalah proses strategis untuk meningkatkan efektivitas dan efisiensi pengelolaan dana pendidikan. Artikel ini membahas tiga aspek utama: analisis kegiatan dan sasaran pendidikan, penyusunan jaringan kegiatan, serta analisis biaya pendidikan. Analisis kegiatan memastikan alokasi sumber daya sesuai kebutuhan operasional dan pengembangan, sementara penyusunan jaringan kegiatan menekankan koordinasi antar pemangku kepentingan untuk mengoptimalkan anggaran, termasuk melalui strategi crash program. Analisis biaya pendidikan memberikan panduan menghitung dan mengevaluasi pengeluaran secara transparan dan akuntabel. Penelitian ini mengidentifikasi dua kategori utama anggaran pendidikan: anggaran rutin untuk kebutuhan operasional harian dan anggaran pembangunan untuk investasi jangka panjang, seperti infrastruktur dan teknologi pendidikan. Tantangan yang ditemukan mencakup pemetaan kebutuhan pendidikan yang kurang tepat, lemahnya koordinasi, dan kurangnya optimalisasi data dalam analisis biaya. Pendekatan berbasis data dan perencanaan strategis memungkinkan pengelolaan anggaran yang lebih transparan, akuntabel, dan berdampak signifikan dalam peningkatan kualitas pendidikan nasional. Artikel ini memberikan panduan bagi pengelola pendidikan untuk merancang anggaran yang efisien dan relevan dengan kebutuhan.
Penerapan Maqosid Syariah Dalam Pembentukan Hukum Era Digital
Authors: Mohamad Subli
Published: December 2024

Dalam era digital yang ditandai oleh kemajuan teknologi informasi, cryptocurrency muncul sebagai inovasi dalam sistem keuangan yang menawarkan peluang investasi baru. Namun, sifatnya yang volatil dan spekulatif menimbulkan tantangan dalam konteks hukum Islam, khususnya dalam kerangka Maqasid Syariah. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan comparative legal research untuk menganalisis regulasi cryptocurrency dari perspektif hukum Islam. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa integrasi prinsip-prinsip Maqasid Syariah dalam regulasi cryptocurrency sangat penting untuk melindungi kepentingan masyarakat, mendorong keadilan sosial, dan memastikan keamanan transaksi. Regulasi yang komprehensif diperlukan untuk menciptakan ekosistem cryptocurrency yang demokratis dan inklusif, serta mendukung pengembangan aplikasi blockchain yang bermanfaat bagi masyarakat.
Designing a GaN-Based 1x2 Optical Power Splitter Using Rectangular Waveguide Coupling
Authors: Franata Nauval , Ali Setyo Yudono Muchtar , Ramadhani Ahmad , Verlaili Erlindriyani Ratu
Published: December 2024

The need for compact and efficient optical power splitters is becoming increasingly urgent due to the growing demand for integrated photonic devices, which are essential in fields like optical interconnects and sensing. This study addresses the issue by focusing on the design and analysis of a GaN based 1x2 optical power splitter that employs rectangular waveguide coupling. The primary aim of the research is to evaluate how the number of rectangular waveguide couplings affects the performance of the power splitter, particularly in terms of splitting angle and excess loss. To achieve this, simulations were conducted using the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method. The design was tested with three configurations: three, five, and seven rectangular waveguides. The research design follows a structured simulation approach, where the FDTD method was employed to explore the impact of varying the number of rectangular waveguides. The process involves systematically altering the number of coupling sections and analyzing the resulting output. The 3D optical power distribution and the optical field intensity at the splitter output for each design were examined. Additionally, the excess loss distribution over the wavelength range of 1500 nm to 1600 nm was determined, demonstrating the potential of the proposed designs for optical communication applications. This data analysis enabled the researchers to evaluate the performance of each configuration. Notably, as the number of waveguides increased, the splitting angle became wider, but this was accompanied by a rise in excess loss. These findings demonstrate the potential of the proposed design for practical applications. Future studies could explore further optimization and real-world implementation.
Innovations in Engineering for Safety: Risk Control and Occupational Health in Deep-Sea Sampling with Modified Research Equipment
Authors: Nurlaela Eli , Sudrajat Danu , Nugraha Erick , Nababan Sakti Pandapotan , Choerudin Hery , Rafith Rafith , Saktianto Nofendy Dwija , Gunawan Tampi Estefanus , Derahmat Mahardhika , Mantani Sayuri
Published: December 2024

Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) is vital in high-risk environments, especially on research vessels conducting deep-sea sampling operations. The increased risk of accidents in maritime research requires an urgent focus on implementing specialized OHS systems. This study aims to analyze the application of OHS during deep-sea sediment sampling on the KM Madidihang 03 vessel. The research employs a descriptive design using the Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment, and Risk Control (HIRARC) method. Data were collected through direct observation during operations, utilizing modified Box Core and Gravity Core equipment for sediment collection. The hydraulic crane and tension meter were used to ensure the safe operation of these instruments. Data were analyzed to identify hazards, assess risks, and implement appropriate control measures. The results indicate that equipment failure, such as crane malfunction and cable breakage, poses the highest risk, necessitating regular equipment maintenance and safety training. The study recommends enhancing OHS procedures, including stricter supervision and crew training, to mitigate accidents and improve safety on research vessels. Future studies should focus on developing advanced safety protocols tailored to modified deep-sea research operations.
Comparison of The Antiglycation Effect of Pyridoxamine and Nettle Hydroalcoholic Extract on Albumin
Authors: Al-Silaykhee Mohammed Abbas
Published: December 2024

Background: Free radicals are highly reactive molecules that cause oxidative damage to fats, proteins, and nucleic acids. Therefore, they play a crucial role in the development of many diseases such as heart disease, cancer, and abnormal brain function. The human body is equipped with antioxidants that neutralize free radicals, preventing their accumulation in tissues. The imbalance between the production of these radicals and the level of antioxidants leads to oxidative stress, where an increase in free radical production reduces antioxidant levels, causing a deficiency in the body. On the other hand, evidence indicates that oxidative stress contributes to the onset and exacerbation of diabetes-related complications and plays a significant role in non-enzymatic glycation of proteins (Riahi et al., 2014). Therefore, any diabetes treatment must directly or indirectly reduce non-enzymatic protein glycation and oxidative stress. Non-enzymatic protein glycation and the formation of AGEs are factors involved in the pathogenesis of chronic diabetes complications. Since glycation reactions are accompanied by oxidation reactions, leading to the improper function of proteins, plant-derived antioxidant compounds can be used as a therapeutic approach to prevent the onset of these chronic complications.
Coaching Centres: A Double-Edged Sword – Enhancing Academic Success or Amplifying Stress
Authors: Sharma Dr. Monika , Solanki Pradeep Kumar
Published: December 2024

The proliferation of coaching centres has sparked considerable debate regarding their impact on school students' academic performance and overall wellbeing. On one hand, coaching centres are perceived as a helpful supplement to traditional schooling, offering focused instruction, personalized attention, and preparation for competitive exams. On the other hand, critics argue that these centres contribute to excessive stress, a focus on rote learning, and a narrowing of the overall educational experience. This article explores the advantages and disadvantages of coaching centres, weighing their potential benefits against their drawbacks. By examining various perspectives, we aim to provide a balanced view of whether coaching centres are a boon or a bane for school students.
Pharmaceutical Processing and Standardization of Modified Dosage Form of Jeevaneeyagana Kashaya as Spray Dried Powder Capsules
Authors: Parvathy Sunil  , Rajam R
Published: December 2024

Jeevaneeyagana Kashaya is an Ayurvedic formulation that can be used for its preventive and therapeutic properties. However, its liquid dosage form has a limited shelf life and is difficult to administer. The present study works on standardizing and evaluating the Jeevaneeyagana Kashaya (JGK) extract capsules prepared using spray dryer technology, which consist of Withania somnifera, Asparagus racemosus, Pueraria tuberosa, Vigna trilobata, Teramnus labialis, Leptadaenia reticulata, and Glycyrrhiza glabra. The spray-dried extract was evaluated for phytochemical characters. Moreover, physical property analysis, such as bulk density, tapped density, compressibility index, and angle of repose for the formulated JGK extract capsules, was done. The capsules were evaluated for their organoleptic characters. Microbial load, heavy metal analysis, and disintegration time were also determined. The JGK extract capsule formulation complied with the assessed qualities. JGK extract capsule formulation complied with the assessed qualities. The JGK extract capsules can be used as a modified dosage form with increased shelf life and easy administration. The results of this study can be utilized as a reference standard for quality assurance of JGK capsules.
Ayurvedic Management of Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy
Authors: Reshma S  , Shylamma T M
Published: December 2024

The prevalence of diabetic neuropathy is rising in the present society. Despite advances in the field of diabetic care, it is the most common chronic complication of diabetes mellitus. Even before the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus, diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) symptoms appear in patients with pre-diabetes. A 74-year-old male patient with history of diabetes mellitus presented with DPN symptoms. Numbness and burning sensation are described as the Poorva rupa of Prameha. Acharya Charaka mentioned Daha as the complication of Prameha. Vataraktha and Prameha upadrava treatment were adopted which includes both internal and external therapies. Toronto Clinical Scoring System and diabetic neuropathy symptom score were assessed for outcome. The scores showed good improvement after treatment. The result indicates that Ayurvedic medicines are effective in management of DPN.
Ayurvedic Management of Mukha Dushika
Authors: Shamja. C. Shamsudheen  , K.L. Virupaksha Gupta  , B. Saravanan
Published: December 2024

Mukha dushika or Youvana Pidaka mentioned under Kshudra Roga can be can be correlated to acne vulgaris in contemporary science. Mukha dushika defines as that which disfigures the face along with discoloration. As it is one of the major cosmetic problems which youth are facing, an attempt is made to cover all the treatment modalities mentioned in classics. References from various classical text books like Ashtanga Hrudayam, Ashtanga Sangraha, Susruta samhita, Basvarajeeyam, Chakradatta, Bhavaprakasha, Yogaratnakara, Gadanigraha etc are thoroughly reviewed and incorporated in this article. As Rasoushadhis are fast acting with very minimal dose, considering these various books like Rasatarangini, Rasamritam, Rasendra Sara Sangrahakara were also referred. Vamana, Siravyadha, Nasya, Abhyanjana are the Shodhana line of management. Lepas are the most common treatment modalities mentioned all classical text books. Rasaoushadhis also plays an important role in the management of Mukha dushika. Drugs like Manasila, Gorochana, Shilajatu, Sudha Parpati, Shankha Bhasma were noticed in the management of Mukha dushika. Apart from classical references some list of patent medicines is also helpful.
A Conceptual Review of the Effectiveness of Limonia Acidissima Decoction in Vitiligo Management
Authors: Hazari FS  , Jayakody Jadpp  , Daranagama Dada  , Sunil-Chandra NP
Published: December 2024

Limonia acidissima also known as wood apple is a wild-growing medicinal plant distributed throughout India and Sri Lanka. Traditional practitioners in Sri Lanka, along with those using folk medicine and Ayurvedic toxicology principles, have reported that different extracts of Limonia acidissima are effective in managing vitiligo. Further research using advanced techniques is required to scientifically validate Ayurvedic and traditional medicines, yet there is limited emphasis on clinical studies and a deeper understanding of the specific properties of Limonia acidissima. This study aims to review and integrate current information on the pharmacological features of Limonia acidissima decoction component and assess its efficiency in treating vitiligo. Authentic Ayurvedic scriptures, modern writings, and previous research projects were used to gather information regarding Limonia acidissima. This study identified for various pharmacological properties, according to the Ayurveda, Vishagna (antitoxic), Shotha (anti-inflammatory), Yakrut Uttejaka (hepato-protective) along with its immune-modulatory, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, regulation of cytokines and its potential utility in vitiligo treatment. Bioactive compounds present in wood apple contribute to its antioxidant functions. These are indirectly support vitiligo treatment and its application specifically to vitiligo is not well-established in direct clinical research. Limonia acidissima is used in traditional and folk medicine to treat vitiligo, a condition with white spots. However, there is a lack of scientific proof in clinical settings, mechanisms of action, including, autoimmune response regulation, melanogenesis enhancement, and interaction with other vitiligo-related signaling pathways. Therefore, clinical, immunological, and analytical research could provide valuable information for vitiligo treatment.
Figures of Older Individuals and Perceptions of Old Age in Greek and Roman Mythology
Authors: Akdeniz Şengül , Akdeniz Deniz
Published: December 2024

The contributions of mythical older adult figures to today’s vocabulary and literature were studied by assessing the perception of aging in the axis of older adult characters in Greek and Roman mythology. The narratives about older individuals and old age were studied using the “discourse analysis” approach, and the profound effects of ideas and perceptions in mythology today were explored. Aside from those shown as physically collapsed, unhappy, and dirty, as in the Geras example, Greek and Roman mythology is rich in images of aged people; there are also individuals such as Mentor, Silenus, and Chiron who are regarded to be knowledgeable, skilled, and experienced wise men. Furthermore, characters like Tithonus, Proteus, and Mentor, whose traits inspired and contributed terminologically to numerous fields such as medicine, nursing, psychology, and educational sciences, are crucial in illustrating mythology’s contributions to the modern age. Older adult characters in Greek and Roman mythology, such as Tiresias and Sbyl, rose to prominence due to their prophetic powers, demonstrating the link between old age and prophetic ability. In Greek and Roman mythology, older adult characters exhibit a wide range of complex qualities. For this reason, the older adults figures and discourse in Greek and Roman mythology contributed significantly to the studies of aging and scientific literature and revealed the origins of the aging perception in several ways. Examining this mythical discourse reveals its contributions to scientific language and the traces left in social memory.
Yaşlılarda Panoramik Radyografta Yaygın Görülen Dental Durumlar ve Rastlantısal Bulgular
Authors: Bozdemir (haştar) Esin , Sargın Elif Sena , Taşkın Hasibe
Published: December 2024

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı panoramik radyograflarda yaşlılarda görülen dental problemlerin sıklığını ve rastlantısal patolojileri belirlemektir.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çeşitli şikayetlerle muayene olmak için başvuran 65 yaş ve üzerinde 392 (%49,2’si kadın, %50,8’i erkek) hastadan alınan panoramik radyograf incelendi. Mevcut diş sayısı, çürük diş sayısı, kök kalıntıları, gömülü diş, kist-tümör, temporomandibular eklem kemik yapılarındaki değişiklikler, maksiller sinüs patolojileri gibi radyografik bulgular değerlendirildi. Veriler tanımlayıcı istatistik kullanılarak analiz edildi.
Bulgular: Çalışmaya dahil edilen hastaların yaş ortalaması 72,68 ± 5,08’di. En sık rastlanan dental patoloji radyolüsent lezyon (%30,4)’du. Mevcut diş sayısı ortalama 13,23 ± 8,86’ydı. Yaş artışı ile mevcut diş sayısı azalmaktaydı (r= -0,27, p< 0.001). Dişli hastaların %29,5’inde hiç çürük bulunmazken çürük sayısı beşten fazla olan hastaların oranı %1,8’di. Erkeklerde TME’de düzleşme görülme oranı (%25,4) kadınlardan (%15,6) istatistiksel olarak anlamlı derecede daha yüksek bulundu (p=0.01). Hastaların %1,9’u sistemik olarak sağlıklı iken %80,1’i sistemik hastalığa sahipti. Sistemik hastalığı olanlarda dental patoloji görülme sıklığı daha fazlaydı fakat istatistiksel olarak anlamlı değildi (p=0.12).
Sonuç: Diş hekimlerinin ağız ve diş sağlığı ile sistemik sağlık arasındaki ilişkiyi iyi bir şekilde anlaması önemlidir. Sistemik hastalık insidansı oldukça yüksek olan yaşlı popülasyonda bazı sistemik hastalıkların dental patolojinin oluşma riskini arttırdığı ve çeşitli radyografik bulgulara neden olabildiği gözden kaçırılmamalıdır.
Exploring the Impact of Food Security Strategy and Policy Response on Food Crop Farmers Household Consumption Patterns in Kaduna State, Nigeria
Authors:   Humanities and Social Science Education, General Studies Education (GSE), Kaduna State College of Education Gidan-Waya, Kaduna State, Nigeria., Nathan Ph.D. Marcus, , Joseph Adamu Friday ,   Humanities and Social Science Education, General Studies Education (GSE), Kaduna State College of Education Gidan-Waya, Kaduna State, Nigeria., David Donald ,   Humanities and Social Science Education, General Studies Education (GSE), Kaduna State College of Education Gidan-Waya, Kaduna State, Nigeria.
Published: December 2024

This study explores the impact of food Security strategies of National Programme for food security as an approach to ensuring adequate household consumption of beneficiaries’ food crop farmers in Kaduna State. Review of secondary materials, in-depth quantitative data constituted data sources for the study. The multiple regression method was utilized in analyzing structured questionnaire. It was discovered from the findings that the programme has been beneficial to beneficiaries’ in improving their productivity which in turn improve their household consumption patterns and as well their general well-being. Further result showed that there was delay in supply of farm inputs to the beneficiaries as well as poor repayment of loans awarded to the beneficiaries. The study recommended among others that; delay and untimely release of farm inputs to beneficiaries should be given appropriate consideration through suitable planning, costing and due organization among the various sponsors and supporters of the programmes; Frequent change in governmental policies that affects some viable governmental programmes should be looked into; new coming governments should ensure they sustain previous programmes with laudable result and their life span should be extended with wider coverage and increased number of beneficiaries.
Agility Training in Adolescent Pencak Silat Athletes: A Randomized Controlled Experimental Study
Authors: Effendi Rully , Welis Wilda , Ihsan Nurul , Alnedral Alnedral , Effendi Hastria
Published: December 2024

Problem Formulation and Objectives. Previous research has discussed various training models to improve agility. However, research that focuses on one form of ladder drills involving one sport in a very limited age category to get better results. This study aims to analyze how big the influence of ladder drills training is on increasing the agility of pencak silat athletes in adolescence. Method. This research used a quasi-experimental design involving 30 young male pencak silat athletes aged 13-15 years. This research used a two group pre-test – post-test design with a comparison/control group. In the treatment group, ladder drills were given for 16 meeting sessions with a frequency of 4 sessions per week for 4 weeks, the maximum level of training intensity/quality (pulse/minute) given was 180 times/minute, with a loading duration ranging from 15 – 30 seconds. , repetition 2 – 4 repetitions, sets done 2 – 3 sets and recovery 2 minutes/repitation by carrying out 10 variations of the movements in the ladder drills exercise. Meanwhile, the control group was not given ladder drills, only taking pre-test and post-test data. Agility data was obtained from the Illinois agility test, both in obtaining pre-test and post-test data, then statistically analyzed using the T-Test. Results. These findings show that in the treatment group there was a significant influence on the agility of adolescent pencak silat athletes who were given the ladder drills training program with (p<0.05), a percentage increase of 2.7%. Meanwhile, in the control group there was no significant effect (p>0.05), the percentage increase was 0.2%. Conclusion. Ladder drills have been proven to be no less effective than other exercises for increasing the agility of trained athletes. Therefore, instructors, coaches, practitioners and athletes can use this ladder drills exercise for those who want to gain optimal agility.
Dolor en Para atletas de competición con discapacidades físicas y técnicas para su manejo
Authors: Constantino Murillo Sandra , Barriopedro Moro María Isabel
Published: December 2024

Los factores psicosociales son claros mediadores en la percepción del dolor, por lo que se han añadido técnicas psicológicas al tratamiento convencional. Sin embargo, su uso es limitado en Para atletas con discapacidad física, a pesar de la evidencia que destaca su importancia.
Objetivo:  conocer la percepción que tienen los Para atletas de alto nivel competitivo con discapacidad física y el personal de los equipos deportivos (entrenadores, fisioterapeutas y psicólogos) sobre 1) cómo el dolor puede afectar el desarrollo de la carrera deportiva del deportista, y 2) qué técnicas y/o estrategias conocen y/o implementan para el manejo del dolor.
Metodología: veinte participantes vinculados al deporte de élite con discapacidad física fueron entrevistados a través de videoconferencia. Las entrevistas fueron guiadas mediante una guía temática semiestructurada y tuvieron una duración de 30 a 50 minutos. El método de análisis utilizado fue fenomenológico interpretativo.
Resultados: El dolor tiene un impacto negativo en la carrera deportiva del Para atleta, ya sea directamente porque impide la correcta ejecución de gestos técnicos, o indirectamente a través de consecuencias psicológicas como el miedo y el estrés que impiden que los atletas puedan alcanzar sus objetivos deportivos. Los participantes utilizaron numerosas técnicas y estrategias para el manejo del dolor. Hubo una clara discrepancia entre los psicólogos y los Para atletas en cuanto a las técnicas psicológicas. Los Para atletas percibieron que las técnicas
estaban orientadas a mejorar el rendimiento deportivo y no a apoyarles en el tratamiento del dolor.
Conclusiones: Se evidenció que varios factores influían negativamente en la carrera deportiva del Para atleta. Futuras investigaciones deberían incluir técnicas psicológicas, que ayuden al deportista con discapacidad física en este aspecto.
The effect of adding Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF) training on quadriceps and hamstrings muscle strength in cerebral palsy athletes
Authors: Al Hazmy Abdullah , Subadi Imam , Andriati Andriati , Indriani Diah , Setianing Retno , Saputra Perdana Suryo , Ferdianto Rima
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Athletes with CP were more prone to limb injuries. Stretching had long been considered beneficial for improving muscle performance and reducing the risk of injury. Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation was a technique used to enhance muscle elasticity and increase peak torque and muscle strength.
Objective: To analyze the effect of adding Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation exercises on quadriceps and hamstring muscle strength in cerebral palsy athletes.
Methodology: The study was conducted at the NPC Indonesia Training Center. The subjects consisted of 24 athletes diagnosed with cerebral palsy, aged 18-40 years, who underwent intervention three times per week for four weeks on both limbs. The subjects were divided into two groups: 12 individuals in the treatment group received a resistance training program with additional Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation exercises, and 12 in the control group underwent resistance training only.
Results: There was a significant increase in muscle strength in the treatment group for the dominant quadriceps (p=0.043), non-dominant quadriceps (p=0.001), dominant hamstring (p=0.002), and non-dominant hamstring (p=0.008). In the control group, significant increases were observed in the dominant hamstring (p=0.024) and non-dominant hamstring (p=0.013), but not in the dominant quadriceps (p=0.530) or non-dominant quadriceps (p=0.420). Compared to the control group, a significant difference was found in non-dominant quadriceps strength (p=0.020), but no differences were observed in dominant quadriceps strength (p=0.396) or hamstring strength (p=0.271, p=0.204). Conclusions: The addition of Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation exercises significantly increased quadriceps and hamstring strength in cerebral palsy athletes compared to those without it.
Study of the Implementation Restoration Concept in the Criminal Justice System in Indonesia
Authors: Mashendra Mashendra , Ibrahim Kayode Muhammed , Salam Safrin , Nurcahyo Edy , Chatimah Nurul Ambiyaa
Published: December 2024

Introduction: The Indonesian Criminal Justice System does not recognize concepts related to restoration, such as restorative justice, alternative conflict resolution, circular punishment, or ishlah. The idea of restoration is generally not recognized by the Criminal Procedure Code (KUHAP), which is based on the concept of legality.Purposes of the Research:  To study and discuss the actual existence of the function and impact of the concept of restoration (restorative justice, alternative dispute resolution, circular punishment, and circular punishment or Ishlah) in the development of the Indonesian Criminal Justice System.Methods of the Research: This research uses a normative research methodology with a qualitative approach to investigate the concept of restoration and its consequences for various applicable laws and principles.Results of the Research: The findings of this research show that the concepts of recovery and restoration, such as alternative dispute resolution and punishment, are concepts that prioritize the interests of the parties involved, especially the principles of win-win solutions and recovery. This has been used to resolve criminal cases that meet standards at both the investigation and prosecution levels as one way to resolve criminal cases. The application of these ideas in the Indonesian Criminal Justice System is a deviation from the basic principles of the Criminal Procedure Code, namely the principle of legality which must be observed at all times. It is recommended that methods for implementing restorative ideas be included in the Draft Criminal Procedure Code (RKUHAP). Some examples of this mechanism are alternative dispute resolution, circular punishment, and ishlah. Thus, the concept of restoration can be legally and formally recognized as a principle in the Indonesian Criminal Justice System when put into practice.
Politics and Law of Sports Business (Sport Industry) After the Ratification of Law no. 11 of 2022
Authors: Nadiasa I Ketut , Kurniawan I Gede Agus
Published: December 2024

Introduction: The development of the sports industry inherently provides opportunities related to economic orientation and job creation within the sports industry.Purposes of the Research: This study focuses on analyzing the legal-political aspects in sports law following the enactment of the Sports Law. The research aims to address two legal issues: (i) issues concerning the sports industry within the Sports Law, and (ii) the legal-political dynamics of the sports industry within the Sports Law and future regulatory efforts.Methods of the Research: This research employs a normative legal research approach, emphasizing conceptual and legislative analysis.Results of the Research: There are three issues and weaknesses in the regulation of the Sports Law concerning the sports business: the lack of provisions regarding the empowerment of micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in the sports business sector, the non-integration of sports law regulations with general business regulations potentially leading to regulatory overlaps that hinder sports business operations, and the partial nature of corporate social responsibility regulations in aiding sports development, limited to financial contributions by sports entities. Generally, the legal-political framework of the sports industry under the Sports Law has provided regulations concerning sports business and involved parties. To optimize the legal-political framework of the sports industry, future regulatory efforts are needed to refine the Sports Law through revisions aimed at enhancing the sports business environment, accommodating meaningful participation from relevant stakeholders. Another critical aspect is the formulation of implementing regulations within the Sports Law, particularly those pertaining to the sports business, to ensure integrated regulations between sports-specific implementing rules and those of other sectors sharing similar business orientations.
Iraq in Light of Economic Development Indicators from 2013-2021
Authors:   Southern Technical University/Administrative Technical College/Basra, Kamel Mayada Rashid
Published: December 2024

This research addressed a crucial economic topic, which is Iraq in light of economic development indicators, which is one of the essential tools used in
analyzing the economic climate, which countries use to direct their strategies that aim to achieve economic growth and development, and is one of the
measures of economic stability and is used to predict and confront future risks, and gives a quick view of the economy and its trends during future periods,
as the research dealt with studying and analyzing the leading indicators of economic development in the Iraqi economy, and addressing its various aspects
from (2013-2021). This research found that economic indicators reflect the country's economic situation by studying the relationships between different
variables, enabling it to develop appropriate economic policies to solve crises and structural imbalances. The Iraqi economy suffers from an apparent
deficiency in economic development indicators, whether economic, social, or environmental, and a set of recommendations, the most important of which
is that it is necessary to address the deficiency in economic development indicators by providing political and societal management that works to create
successful conditions to raise the levels of economic development indicators, and work to raise the levels of economic development indicators to contribute
positively to the gross domestic product (GDP).
Integrasi Etika Filosofis dan Nilai-Nilai Profetik untuk Mewujudkan Pendidikan Islam yang Humanis, Adil, dan Transformatif
Authors: Ramadhan Aji Rizqi , Said Uswah Mujahidah Rasuna , Sauri Sofyan , Afkar Muhammad Faiqul
Published: December 2024

This study explores integrating philosophical ethics and prophetic values ​​in Islamic education to realize humanistic, just, and transformative education. Philosophical ethics originate from human rationality and thought, while prophetic values ​​originate from Islamic teachings. By combining the two, Islamic education can be a vehicle for the formation of noble character, social sensitivity, spiritual intelligence, and intellectual skills. This study is qualitative, using a literature study approach and content analysis of related literature. The results of this study reveal that the relationship between philosophical ethics and prophetic values ​​prioritizes goodness, truth, good morals, good character, and humanitarian values, and the difference lies in the source of both. Philosophical ethics originate from socio-culture, human rational foundations, and other logics of goodness, while prophetic values ​​originate from religious teachings, namely the Qur'an and Hadith. Humanistic education glorifies human dignity and develops its potential as a whole. Fair education guarantees equal access and treatment without discrimination. Meanwhile, transformative education equips students as agents of positive change in society. This concept is expected to produce an intelligent generation with noble character. Apart from academic intelligence, education also aims to form a good personality and character following Islamic principles