bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
On a Generalization of Fuzzy Filters of Ordered Semigroups
Authors: Al Tahan M. , Davvaz B. , Mahboob A. , Khan N. M.
Published: June 2022

The aim of this paper is to generalize the results related to fuzzy filters of ordered semigroups. In this regard, the concept of fuzzy [Formula: see text]-filters of ordered semigroups is initiated, nontrivial examples are presented, and its properties are investigated. It is known that a fuzzy set of an ordered semigroup is a fuzzy filter if and only its complement is a fuzzy prime ideal. As a generalization of the latter result, it is proved that a fuzzy set of an ordered semigroup is a fuzzy [Formula: see text]-filter if and only if its complement is a prime generalized fuzzy [Formula: see text]-ideal. Furthermore, it is shown that in an [Formula: see text]-regular semigroup, fuzzy [Formula: see text]-filters and fuzzy bi-filters coincide.
Restrained Italian bondage number in graphs
Authors: Ebrahimi N. , Amjadi J. , Chellali M. , Sheikholeslami S. M.
Published: June 2022

A restrained Italian dominating function (RIDF) on a graph [Formula: see text] is a function [Formula: see text] satisfying: (i) [Formula: see text] for every vertex [Formula: see text] with [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] is the set of vertices adjacent to [Formula: see text]; (ii) the subgraph induced by the vertices assigned 0 under [Formula: see text] has no isolated vertices. The weight of an RIDF is the sum of its function values over the whole set of vertices, and the restrained Italian domination number [Formula: see text] is the minimum weight of an RIDF on [Formula: see text] In this paper, we initiate the study of the restrained Italian bondage number [Formula: see text] of a graph [Formula: see text] with no isolated vertices defined as the smallest size of set of edges [Formula: see text] for which [Formula: see text]. We begin by showing that the decision problem associated with the restrained Italian bondage problem is NP-hard. Then basic properties of the restrained Italian bondage number are presented. Finally, some sharp bounds for [Formula: see text] are also established.
The Small-Molecule Language of Dynamic Microbial Interactions
Authors: Zhang Yifan , Gallant Étienne , Park Jong-Duk , Seyedsayamdost Mohammad R.
Published: June 2022

Although microbes are routinely grown in monocultures in the laboratory, they are almost never encountered as single species in the wild. Our ability to detect and identify new microorganisms has advanced significantly in recent years, but our understanding of the mechanisms that mediate microbial interactions has lagged behind. What makes this task more challenging is that microbial alliances can be dynamic, consisting of multiple phases. The transitions between phases, and the interactions in general, are often mediated by a chemical language consisting of small molecules, also referred to as secondary metabolites or natural products. In this microbial lexicon, the molecules are like words and through their effects on recipient cells they convey meaning. The current review highlights three dynamic microbial interactions in which some of the words and their meanings have been characterized, especially those that mediate transitions in selected multiphasic associations. These systems provide insights into the principles that govern microbial symbioses and a playbook for interrogating similar associations in diverse ecological niches.
Rural Employment in Africa: Trends and Challenges
Authors: Christiaensen Luc , Maertens Miet
Published: June 2022

Africa's rural population continues to expand rapidly, and labor productivity in agriculture and many rural-off farm activities remains low. This review uses the lens of a dual economy and the associated patterns of agricultural, rural, and structural transformation to review the evolution of Africa's rural employment and its inclusiveness. Many African countries still find themselves in an early stage of the agricultural and rural transformation. Given smaller sectoral productivity gaps than commonly assumed, greater size effects, and larger spillovers, investment in agriculture and the rural off-farm economy remains warranted to broker the transition to more and more productive rural employment. The key policy questions thus become how best to invest in the agri-food system (on and increasingly also off the farm) and how best to generate demand for nonagricultural goods and services that rural households can competitively produce. Informing these choices continues to present a major research agenda, with digital technologies, the imperative of greening, and intra-African liberalization raising many unarticulated and undocumented opportunities and challenges.
Shifting the Immune Memory Paradigm: Trained Immunity in Viral Infections
Authors: Taks Esther J.M. , Moorlag Simone J.C.F.M. , Netea Mihai G. , van der Meer Jos W.M.
Published: June 2022

Trained immunity is defined as the de facto memory characteristics induced in innate immune cells after exposure to microbial stimuli after infections or certain types of vaccines. Through epigenetic and metabolic reprogramming of innate immune cells after exposure to these stimuli, trained immunity induces an enhanced nonspecific protection by improving the inflammatory response upon restimulation with the same or different pathogens. Recent studies have increasingly shown that trained immunity can, on the one hand, be induced by exposure to viruses; on the other hand, when induced, it can also provide protection against heterologous viral infections. In this review we explore current knowledge on trained immunity and its relevance for viral infections, as well as its possible future uses.
Visual Attention in the Prefrontal Cortex
Authors: Martinez-Trujillo Julio
Published: June 2022

Voluntary attention selects behaviorally relevant signals for further processing while filtering out distracter signals. Neural correlates of voluntary visual attention have been reported across multiple areas of the primate visual processing streams, with the earliest and strongest effects isolated in the prefrontal cortex. In this article, I review evidence supporting the hypothesis that signals guiding the allocation of voluntary attention emerge in areas of the prefrontal cortex and reach upstream areas to modulate the processing of incoming visual information according to its behavioral relevance. Areas located anterior and dorsal to the arcuate sulcus and the frontal eye fields produce signals that guide the allocation of spatial attention. Areas located anterior and ventral to the arcuate sulcus produce signals for feature-based attention. Prefrontal microcircuits are particularly suited to supporting voluntary attention because of their ability to generate attentional template signals and implement signal gating and their extensive connectivity with the rest of the brain.
Understanding Platinum Ionomer Interface Properties of Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells
Authors: Qi Yongzhen , Morimoto Yu , Shibata Masao Suzuki , Gao Ziliang , Sabarirajan Dinesh C. , Haug Andrew T. , Zenyuk Iryna V.
Published: June 2022

A well-designed cathode catalyst layer with optimal ionomer distribution is critical to minimizing amount of Platinum (Pt) content in polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFCs). The impact of Pt loading, ionomer content and carbon support types on the catalyst/ionomer interface were also investigated at dry and wet conditions. Higher Pt loadings resulted in higher double layer capacity (Cdl) and similar electrochemical surface area (ECSA) due to well dispersed ionic phase material. Higher ionomer content resulted in higher ionic conductivity but also showed similar

SO

3

−

group coverage. High surface area (HSA) carbon support had larger ECSA and Cdl at both dry and wet conditions, as less agglomerated Pt was well dispersed in the meso-pores of the support. Lower

SO

3

−

group coverages were observed for HSA carbon than for Vulcan carbon due to Pt particles being buried within the porous HSA carbon support. The effect of cell conditioning and voltage recovery on the PEFC cathode catalyst layer was shown to have minimal impact on

SO

3

−

group coverage despite a decrease in Cdl and ECSA due to the size increase of Pt particles. At dry condition, a significant increases in

SO

3

−

group coverage were observed for all MEAs due to higher adsorptivity of ionomer in dry conditions.
Approximate Solutions for Determining Electrolyte Concentrations in Electrochemical Models of Lithium-Ion Batteries
Authors: Xie Yizhan , Cheng Ximing
Published: June 2022

The pseudo two-dimensional (P2D) model and its reduced order models, such as the single particle model (SPM), are widely used in electrochemical modeling and simulating lithium-ion batteries. Although the SPM has a low computational burden, its accuracy is poor under high-rate discharge conditions. Therefore, to balance accuracy and efficiency, the SPM with one-dimensional spatial electrolyte dynamics (SPMe) has been proposed. However, due to the complex diffusion equations for electrolyte dynamics, calculating the lithium-ion concentration in the electrolyte is still difficult. Therefore, we propose the cosine approximation (CA) method to efficiently calculate lithium-ion concentrations. We first use the Laplace transform to analytically solve the diffusion equations, and then, the complete transfer function from the discharge rate to lithium-ion concentration is obtained. In addition, the proposed method is obtained by both truncating the time-domain analytical solution of an infinite series and using error compensation. Moreover, compared to the finite volume method, the new method is verified under the galvanostatic and dynamic profiles, where the higher the order of the method, the higher the accuracy. Finally, the second-order CA shows a higher degree of accuracy compared to the widely used second-order polynomial approximation.
Enhanced Electrochemical Matching between NiCo2O4/Reduced Graphene Oxide and Polymer Cement Electrolyte for Structural Supercapacitor
Authors: Fang Cuiqin , Zhang Dong
Published: June 2022

Electrochemical performance of electrode in structural supercapacitor is much lower than that in common supercapacitor owing to solidification confinement of ions movement. Herein, NiCo2O4/reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanosheets are firstly assembled with KOH/polyacrylic acid (PAA)/cement, LiOTf/PAA cement, KOH/polyethylene oxide (PEO) cement and LiOTf/PEO cement into four structural supercapacitors through hydration process. As the NiCo2O4 content in NiCo2O4/rGO composite exceeds 13 wt%, the areal capacitance of NiCo2O4/rGO electrode at high current densities decreases. The (13%) NiCo2O4/rGO electrode presents the best electrochemical performances with initial areal capacitance of 3.16 F cm−2 at 0.5 mA cm−2, capacitance retention rate of 61% after current density increasing by 80-fold and retention of 86.1% after 10000 cycles at 10 mA cm−2. The corresponding four structural supercapacitors show superior electrochemical performances with areal capacitances of ∼ 330.4 mF cm−2, coulombic efficiencies of ∼ 100%, power densities of ∼ 2.7 mW cm−2 and energy densities of ∼ 0.64 mWh cm−2. The electrochemical efficiencies of (13%) NiCo2O4/rGO electrodes in four structural supercapacitor devices are in the range of 0.16 ∼ 0.12, which are prominent in high-end structural supercapacitors. Thus NiCo2O4/rGO electrode is demonstrated to enhance the electrochemical matching with polymer cement electrolyte for structural supercapacitor.
Transparency and Photoluminescence of Gas-Pressure Sintered Lu-α-SiAlON:Ce3+ Ceramics
Authors: Aminaka Kohei , Tatami Junichi , Iijima Motoyuki , Takahashi Takuma
Published: June 2022

Owing to the growing demand for high power optical devices in several fields such as manufacturing, medicine, and communications, the demand for large and transparent inorganic materials capable of emitting multiple colors is increasing. α-SiAlON, which has excellent thermal and mechanical properties, is a phosphor that emits blue light because of the doping of Ce3+. However, only a few transparent and photoluminescent α-SiAlON:Ce3+ ceramics have been developed. In this study, we fabricated transparent α-SiAlON:Ce3+ ceramics using a gas-pressure sintering technique utilizing Lu3+, which has the smallest ionic radius among the rare-earth ions used to stabilize α-SiAlON. The Lu-α-SiAlON:Ce3+ ceramics exhibited higher transparency than Y-α-SiAlON:Ce3+ because of their finer grain size. The maximum emission wavelength of the Lu-α-SiAlON:Ce3+ ceramics was blue shifted relative to that of the Y-α-SiAlON:Ce3+ ceramics owing to lattice shrinkage. A lower Ce concentration resulted in higher transparency and a blue shift in the maximum emission wavelength. Furthermore, the in-line transmittance of the gas-pressure sintered Lu-α-SiAlON:Ce3+ ceramics using fine raw powders of rare-earth oxides was 50% at 600 nm, which was higher than that of Y-α-SiAlON:Ce3+ ceramics prepared via the same gas-pressure sintering technique followed by hot isostatic pressing.
Evaluation Model of Youth Basketball Training Performance Based on PSO Algorithm
Authors: Ouyang Bo , Wu Renle
Published: June 2022

In order to effectively evaluate the performance of juvenile basketball training, an evaluation model of juvenile basketball training performance based on the PSO algorithm is proposed. According to the construction principle of the juvenile basketball training performance evaluation index system, this paper constructs the juvenile basketball training performance evaluation index system and uses analytic hierarchy process to determine the weight of the juvenile basketball training performance evaluation index. Using the PSO algorithm, this paper constructs the evaluation model of teenagers’ basketball training performance, optimizes its objective function, and obtains the optimal solution of the model, so as to realize the evaluation of teenagers’ basketball training performance. The experimental results show that the proposed method can effectively evaluate the juvenile basketball training performance, and the evaluation results have good training effect. It can effectively improve the authenticity of juvenile basketball training performance evaluation and shorten the time required for juvenile basketball training performance evaluation.
Security Evaluation of Financial and Insurance and Ruin Probability Analysis Integrating Deep Learning Models
Authors: Yang Yang
Published: June 2022

To ensure safe development of the financial and insurance industry and promote the continuous growth of the social economy, the theory and its role of deep learning are firstly analyzed. Secondly, the security of financial and insurance and bankruptcy probability are discussed. Finally, an analytical model of the security bankruptcy probability of financial and insurance is designed through a deep learning model, and the model is evaluated comprehensively. The research results manifest that first, the designed security evaluation of the financial and insurance industry based on the deep learning and bankruptcy probability analysis model not only has strong learning ability but also can effectively reduce its own calculation error through short-time learning. Then, by comparing with other models, it is found that the designed model has a stronger ability to control various errors than other models, and the overall error rate of the model can be reduced to about 20%. At last, the data training indicates that the model designed by the deep learning method can accurately and effectively predict the basic situation of the financial and insurance industry, the minimum error can reach 0, and the highest is only about 3. The research provides a technical reference for the development of the financial and insurance industry and contributes to the prosperity of the social economy.
Quantitative Evaluation of Policy Based on PMC Index Model: A Case Study of China’s Textile Industry Policy
Authors: Liu Yu , Zhao Hong
Published: June 2022

The intelligence information collection and analysis of textile industry policy, scientific evaluation of the effectiveness of the textile industry policy, and formulation scientific policy optimization path have practical significance to promote the development of textile industry. China’s textile and apparel exports are the largest in the world, and the healthy development of China’s textile industry not only promotes China’s economic development but also greatly affects the development of the world textile industry. However, most of the existing studies are based on content analysis of high-frequency words in policy texts and lack of quantitative evaluation of textile industrial policies. Based on 126 textile industry policy texts published from 2014 to 2020, this paper innovatively combines the grounded theory with the PMC index model to construct a policy effectiveness measurement index with the characteristics of the textile industry. Ten textile industry policy samples are selected to empirically study the PMC index policy evaluation model of textile industry policy effectiveness. Furthermore, using PMC curved surface to visualize the internal structure of textile industry policy and the measurement results of policy effectiveness. The results show that the average PMC index of 10 textile industry policy samples is 4.31, which is excellent. From the PMC scores of the nine primary variables of the sample, the content and functions of China’s textile industry policy formulation are relatively scientific and comprehensive. However, the policy nature and decision-making subject are single, and the incentive guarantee is relatively weak, which needs to be further improved. The quantitative evaluation of China’s textile industry policy provides a scientific basis for improving the content and effectiveness of the textile industry policy. This investigation offers a fresh perspective on policy evaluation research of other industries.
DEM Analysis and Simplified Calculation of Passive Earth Pressure on Retaining Walls Backfilled with Sand Considering Strain-Softening Behavior
Authors: Yang Minghui , Gong Hutao , Deng Bo
Published: June 2022

Common calculation methods of passive earth pressure, such as the Rankine or Coulomb earth pressure theory, assume that the width of the fill behind the wall is sufficient for the development of the slip surface and that after the passive earth pressure reaches the limit state, its value remains unchanged with the increase of displacement of the retaining wall. Nevertheless, cases with narrow backfill width should be considered when retaining walls must be built close to existing stabilization walls in urban areas or near rock faces in mountainous areas. Furthermore, for sand, especially dense sand, when the displacement of the retaining wall is large, a strain-softening behavior similar to the triaxial test will appear, resulting in a decrease in passive earth pressure. In this regard, a practical model for strain-softening of dense sand is proposed firstly and verified by the discrete element method (DEM) using the Particle Flow Code (PFC-2D) software. Then, based on the sliding surface shape obtained by DEM, a simplified method for determining the passive earth pressure distribution of retaining walls using limit equilibrium analysis was proposed. Finally, the passive earth pressures calculated by the proposed method agree well with those from PFC results, and the effects of the width of the backfill and displacement of retaining wall on the distribution of active earth pressure were discussed.
Research on Music Genre Recognition Based on Improved Naive Bayes Algorithm
Authors: Liu Xiangli
Published: June 2022

With the continuous development of information technology, data transmission bandwidth and speed also increase. Therefore, how to retrieve their favorite music quickly and effectively has become a key research direction at present. Genre is one of the most mentioned music labels. Music detection by genre has become the mainstream method of the music information search. It is also an important part of the music service platform to recommend music. Therefore, music genre recognition has attracted much attention and become the mainstream direction of research. This article presents a music genre recognition method based on the improved Bayesian algorithm. The variational modal decomposition is optimized by particle swarm optimization with the variable step size. Then the naive Bayesian network model is constructed to detect music genres. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can efficiently extract music feature information, fully consider the particularity of different situations, and improve the accuracy of music genre recognition.
Effect of Carbon Fiber Admixture and Length on Microwave Deicing Efficiency of Airport Road Surface Concrete
Authors: Ning Yi-peng , Xu Jin-yu , Huang He , Wang Zhi-hang , Yao Ao
Published: June 2022

In order to improve the microwave deicing efficiency of airport road surface concrete, the method of incorporating carbon fiber materials of different doping amounts and lengths into concrete is proposed. The test method is optimized by using a fiber-optic temperature sensor and a self-developed open microwave deicing vehicle, and the effect of the coupling effect of different carbon fiber doping and length on the microwave deicing efficiency of concrete is studied. The results of the study show that the appropriate amount of carbon fiber blended into the concrete can significantly improve the microwave deicing efficiency, and the reasonable use of carbon fiber-modified concrete can achieve the purpose of efficient deicing of the airport road surface. By analyzing the temperature rise curve, temperature rise rate curve, deicing effect, and infrared thermography of the microwave deicing process, combined with the “heat generation-heat dissipation” theory, the microwave deicing is divided into four stages: concrete wave absorption, water layer formation, ice thinning, and ice breaking and ice melting. In the process of microwave deicing of concrete, changing the length of carbon fiber and the amount of doping will have a greater impact on the rate of temperature rise and deicing range, but the shape of deicing remains basically the same, mainly spindle-shaped. When the length of carbon fiber is short, it is not conducive to the absorption of microwave by concrete, and with the increase of fiber length and doping amount, the wave absorption performance of carbon fiber-modified concrete on the airport road surface is gradually improved; when the fiber length is 0.6 cm and the fiber doping amount is 2‰, the wave absorption performance is the best, and the deicing rate is 1.82 times of ordinary concrete, and the deicing area is 1.2 times of ordinary concrete.
Agronomic Productivity and Organic Fertilizer Rates on Growth and Yield Performance of Cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata L.) in Northwestern Ethiopia
Authors: Gelaye Yohannes , Tadele Esubalew
Published: June 2022

Cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata L.) is a popular leafy vegetable in Ethiopia. However, the production and productivity of the crop are often constrained by several factors, such as deprived soil fertility and poor agronomic practices. Thus, a study was conducted in two locations in the East Gojjam zone of northwestern Ethiopia during the 2021/2022 cropping season to evaluate the effect of bud numbers and farmyard manure fertilizer rates on the growth and yield components of cabbage. Three numbers of cabbage buds (1, 2, and 3) and four levels of farmyard manure (0, 2.5, 5, and 7.5 tons/ha) were laid out in a 3 × 4 factorial arrangement in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Data on yield and quality were recorded and subjected to analysis of variance. The results revealed that growth, yield, and quality components were significantly influenced by the interaction effects of bud number and farmyard manure fertilizer rate. In both locations, the highest marketable (41.8 tons/ha) and total (43.1 tons/ha) yields were attained from the combined effects of 2 buds of cabbage and 5 tons of farmyard manure. The highest medium-sized heads (31.8 tons/ha) of cabbage were also recorded from the combination of 2 buds with 5 tons of farmyard manure. Moreover, the combined effects of 2 buds and 5 tons of farmyard manure showed the highest net benefit (5,679.03 US dollars) over the other treatments at the two locations. Hence, based on the results of the study, the combination of 2 buds and 5 tons of farmyard manure fertilizer can be suggested for the economical production of cabbage in northwestern Ethiopia and similar environments.
Anti-Inflammatory Mechanisms of Total Flavonoids from Mosla scabra against Influenza A Virus-Induced Pneumonia by Integrating Network Pharmacology and Experimental Verification
Authors: Cai Wei , Zhang Shui-Li
Published: June 2022

Influenza virus is one of the most common infectious pathogens that could cause high morbidity and mortality in humans. However, the occurrence of drug resistance and serious complications extremely complicated the clinic therapy. Mosla scabra is a natural medicinal plant used for treating various lung and gastrointestinal diseases, including viral infection, cough, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, acute gastroenteritis, and diarrhoea. But the therapeutic effects of this herbal medicine had not been expounded clearly. In this study, a network pharmacology approach was employed to investigate the protective mechanism of total flavonoids from M. scabra (MSTF) against influenza A virus- (IAV-) induced acute lung damage and inflammation. The active compounds of MSTF were analyzed by LC-MS/MS and then evaluated according to their oral bioavailability and drug-likeness index. The potential targets of each active compound in MSTF were identified by using PharmMapper Server, whereas the potential genes involved in IAV infection were obtained from GeneGards. The results showed that luteoloside, apigenin, kaempherol, luteolin, mosloflavone I, and mosloflavone II were the main bioactive compounds found in MSTF. Primarily, 23 genes were identified as the targets of those five active compounds, which contributed to the inactivation of chemical carcinogenesis ROS, lipid and atherosclerosis, MAPK signaling pathway, pathways in cancer, PI3K-AKT signaling pathway, proteoglycans in cancer, and viral carcinogenesis. Finally, the animal experiments validated that MSTF improved IAV-induced acute lung inflammation via inhibiting MAPK, PI3K-AKT, and oxidant stress pathways. Therefore, our study demonstrated the potential inhibition of MSTF on viral pneumonia in mice and provided a strategy to characterize the molecular mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine by a combinative method using network pharmacology and experimental validation.
Carica papaya L. Leaves: Deciphering Its Antioxidant Bioactives, Biological Activities, Innovative Products, and Safety Aspects
Authors: Sharma Anshu , Sharma Ruchi , Sharma Munisha , Kumar Manoj , Barbhai Mrunal Deepak , Lorenzo José M. , Sharma Somesh , Samota Mahesh Kumar , Atanassova Maria , Caruso Gianluca , Naushad Mo. , Radha  , Chandran Deepak , Prakash Pramod , Hasan Muzaffar , Rais Nadeem , Dey Abhijit , Mahato Dipendra Kumar , Dhumal Sangram , Singh Surinder , Senapathy Marisennayya , Rajalingam Sureshkumar , Visvanathan Marthandan , Saleena Lejaniya Abdul Kalam , Mekhemar Mohamed
Published: June 2022

The prevalence of viral infections, cancer, and diabetes is increasing at an alarming rate around the world, and these diseases are now considered to be the most serious risks to human well-being in the modern period. There is a widespread practice in Asian countries of using papaya leaves (C. papaya L.) as herbal medicine, either alone or in combination with prescribed medications, to treat a variety of ailments. The importance of conducting the necessary descriptive studies in order to determine the safety of papaya leaf consumption is also emphasized in the context of their application in the healthcare sector. Electronic databases such as Google Scholar, Scopus, and PubMed were used to gather information on papaya leaves, their therapeutic potential, and clinical evidence-based studies. The literature was gathered from publications on papaya leaves, their therapeutic potential, and clinical evidence-based studies. The antidengue, anticancer, antidiabetic, neuroprotective, and anti-inflammatory effects of papaya leaves discussed in this article are supported by evidence from preclinical, in vivo, in vitro, and clinical trial studies, as well as from other sources. Leaves have been investigated for their mechanism of action as well as their potential to be used in the development of novel herbal products for the health business. According to the reports gathered, only a small number of research demonstrated that leaf extract at high concentrations was hazardous to certain organs. The collective literature reviewed in this review provides insights into the use of papaya leaves as a cure for epidemic diseases, highlighting the phytochemical composition and pharmacological attributes of papaya leaves, as well as the results of various preclinical and clinical studies that have been conducted so far on the subject. The review clearly demonstrates the successful medical evidence for the use of papaya leaf extracts in the healthcare system as a supplemental herbal medication in a variety of clinical settings.
Digital Dissemination of Scene Art in Changbai Mountain Area of Visual Sensor Images
Authors: Wang Xingru , Wang Weili , Zhang Weiliang
Published: June 2022

With the booming development of the tourism industry, how to bring good benefits to the tourist attractions has become a topic worth pondering. In today’s Internet age, digital communication has become a mainstream way of disseminating art and culture in tourist attractions. This paper takes Changbai Mountain as the research object and realizes the digital dissemination of scene art in Changbai Mountain based on visual sensor image technology. Digital communication not only changes the way of information dissemination but also profoundly affects people’s life, work, and entertainment, changing the way people receive information and the way of thinking, and people have higher requirements for information. Therefore, on the one hand, the communication of Changbai Mountain tourism culture should develop with the development of the times. On the other hand, it should evolve with the evolution of information and constantly change its own form of expression and dissemination to meet the needs of the audience. Finally, the effectiveness of digital dissemination of scene art in Changbai Mountains is reflected through the tourism statistics. The results show that the total tourism revenue of Changbai Mountain in 2019 is the largest, which is 5.61 billion yuan.
Differential Regulation of the Immune System in Peripheral Blood Following Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Liu Wenhao , Yang Xin-Zhuang , Zhang Dingding , He Xin , Yu Qianlan , Liu Xinquan , Dai Yi
Published: June 2022

AIM. Previous studies have provided insights into complex immune system changes caused by ischemic stroke (IS), while detailed reports are lacking especially in peripheral blood. Here, we sought to identify genetic biomarkers in immune system which significantly associated with the occurrence of IS and explore candidate drugs that can regulate the process. We also investigated whether gene expression alternation of immune genes contributed to differential distribution of immune cells in peripheral blood following IS. Method. 108 IS samples and 47 matched controls were obtained from the GEO database. Immune‐related genes (IRGs) and their associated drugs were collected from the ImmPort and PharmGBK databases, respectively. Random forest (RF) regression and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) logistic regression were applied to identify immune‐related genetic biomarkers (IRGBs) of IS, and accuracy was verified using neural network models. Finally, proportion changes of various immune cells in peripheral blood of IS patients were evaluated using CIBERSORT and xCell and correlation analyses were performed between IRGBs and differentially distributed immune cells. Results. A total of 537 genes were differentially expressed between IS and control samples. Four immune‐related differential expressed genes identified by regression analysis presented strong predictive power (AUC = 0.909) which we suggeseted them as immune‐related genetic biomarkers (IRGBs). We also demonstrated six immune‐related genes targeted by known drugs. In addition, post‐IS immune system presented an increase in the proportion of innate immune cells and a decrease in adaptive immune cells in the peripheral circulation, and IRGBs showing significance were associated with this process.Conclusion. The study identified CARD11, ICAM2, VIM, and CD19 as immune‐related genetic biomarkers of IS. Six immune‐related DEGs targeted by known drugs were found and provide new candidate drug targets for modulating the post‐IS immune system. The innate immune cells and adaptive immune cells are diversified in the post‐IS immune system, and IRGBs might play important role during this process.
Dividing the Perimeter of a Triangle into Unequal Proportions
Authors: Amadtohed Nawinda , Chaidee Thitipon , Racha-in Phonthakorn , Theerakarn Thunwa
Published: June 2022

We fully describe the envelope of all line segments that divide the perimeter of a triangle into the ratio

α
:

1
−
α

as

α

varies from 0 to

1
/
2

. If

α

is larger than the ratio of the longest side length to the perimeter, then the envelope is a 12-sided closed curve consisting of six line segments and six parabolic arcs. For other values of

α

, the envelope is the union of one to three parabolic arcs and possibly a 5- or 9-sided nonclosed curve consisting of line segments and parabolic arcs.
Active Learning Query Strategies for Linear Regression Based on Efficient Global Optimization
Authors: Zong Tianxin , Li Na , Zhang Zhigang
Published: June 2022

Active learning, a subfield of machine learning, can train a good model by selecting a minimum number of labeled samples. In many machine learning scenarios, needed information (such as the best value in unlabeled datasets) is acquired by prediction. When there is too little data in the training model, the prediction accuracy would obviously affect the accuracy of the results. To establish a high-performance regression model for a small dataset while accelerating the search for the best sample, a new active learning query strategy, EGO-ALR, that combines efficient global optimization (EGO) and active learning for regression (ALR) was proposed. It was found that the performance of EGO-ALR was significantly better than the original ALR query strategies in terms of the root mean square error (RMSE), correlation coefficient (CC), and opportunity cost (Oppo Cost). Specifically, EGO-ALR increased the Oppo Cost by an average of 25.27% when the RMSE and CC values were not more than 1.07% different from the original ALR. This study validated the efficiency and robustness of EGO-ALR approaches using 19 datasets from various domains and three distinct linear regression models (Ridge regression, Lasso, and Elastic network).
Clinical Study on the Evaluation of the Condition of Patients with Gastric Tumors and the Choice of Surgical Treatment by Gastric Ultrasonic Filling Method
Authors: Wang Sainan , Hong Yun , Wang Lizong
Published: June 2022

Objective. To explore the clinical value of the gastric ultrasonic filling method in evaluating the condition of patients with gastric tumors and guiding the selection of treatment methods, provide data support for clinical gastric filling ultrasonography in the evaluation of gastric cancer patients, and provide the basis for the choice of surgical treatment. Methods. This study retrospectively analyzed 50 patients with gastric cancer treated in our hospital from April 2017 to January 2022. All 50 patients were examined by the gastric ultrasound filling method. The TNM staging results of gastric cancer were analyzed with the results of gastroscopic biopsy or postoperative pathological examination as the diagnostic gold standard. Results. The ultrasonic detection rate of 50 patients with gastric cancer was 94.00% (47/50). Among them, 3 cases missed diagnosis were of early intramucosal carcinoma, which were only diagnosed as erosive gastritis. 1 case was located in the gastric body, and the other 2 cases were located in the gastric antrum. Ultrasound assessment of gastric mucosal thickness in T1‐T2 stage was 9.8 mm, which was significantly lower than that in T3‐T4 stage, which was 17.0 mm (p < 0.05). The diagnostic accuracy of the gastric ultrasound filling method in the diagnosis of T1, T2, T3, and T4 was 41.67%, 57.14%, 96.00%, and 83.33%, respectively. The total diagnostic accuracy of T‐stage was 76.00% (38/50). The total judgment rate of too shallow and too deep was 10.00% and 14.00%, respectively. The diagnostic accuracy of the gastric ultrasound filling method was 88.89%, 81.81%, 70.00%, and 82.00%, respectively. The diagnostic accuracy of the gastric ultrasound filling method in the diagnosis of M0 and M1 stages was 100.00%, and the total diagnostic accuracy of the M‐stage was 100.00%. The ROC curve drawn by GFUS in the diagnosis of T‐stage of gastric cancer had three components: the specificity was the horizontal axis, the sensitivity was the vertical axis, and the area under the curve was 0.978. The difference was statistically significant (p < 0.05). Conclusion. Before the operation of patients with gastric cancer, using the gastric ultrasonic filling method and ultrasonic examination method to diagnose them can timely clarify the clinical stage of patients, so that clinicians can choose the most appropriate operation method according to their clinical stage, which is worthy of popularization and application in clinic.
Cold Expansion Strengthening of 7050 Aluminum Alloy Hole: Structure, Residual Stress, and Fatigue Life
Authors: Li Qi , Xue Qichao , Hu Quansheng , Song Ting , Wang Yonghui , Li Siyang
Published: June 2022

The 7050 aluminum alloy orifice plate is extruded and strengthened by the cold expansion process of slotted bushing holes. A three-dimensional finite element model was established for cold expansion strengthening of holes, and the residual stress distribution of 7050 aluminum alloy orifice plates is studied after cold expansion. The influence of different relative extrusion amounts and different sample thicknesses on the residual stress around the sample hole was analyzed, and the relationship between the extrusion amounts and the thicknesses of the substrate and the residual stress was obtained by analysis. The research results indicate that the cold expansion process of slotted bushing holes can enhance the residual stress distribution around the hole and form a strong residual stress layer. As the amounts of extrusion increase, the residual stress tends to increase, reaching the maximum when the amounts of extrusion are 4%. The residual stress on the surface of the extrusion inlet increases with the increase in the thickness of the substrate. Within the range of 3%-4% of the extrusion amounts, with the continuous increase of the extrusion amounts, the fatigue life has been substantially enhanced, and the number of fatigue life is more than 3 times that of the empty plate fatigue test.
A Review on Frequency Stability Enhancement and Effective Energy Storage through Various Optimization Techniques
Authors: Mishra Rashmi , Ralhan Shimpy , Mohiddin Md. Khaja
Published: June 2022

In recent years, the applicability of these DG units to electrical Microgrids (MGs) has grown rapidly, enabling them to contribute a large percentage of the installed generating capacity. However, the fluctuating and intermittent nature of renewable generation can adversely affect electric grid stability and operations. Conventionally, to overcome these problems, batteries are employed. Nevertheless, the quick charging and discharging cycle reduces the battery life span, resulting in an economic burden and environmental damage. To resolve these problems, short-term Distributed Energy Storage (DES) systems based on advanced technologies, such as Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage (SMES) and Supercapacitor Energy Storage (SCES), are emerging as potential alternatives. A supplementary regulator which includes storing energy as well as a flexible AC transmission system is designed to boost the minute signal reliability. The precise optimization of multiple energy device characteristics is needed for efficient performance. The artificial intelligence methods and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) are used to obtain the optimum parameters in the micro-hydro system. This research examines the many Energy Storage Systems (ESSs) in power systems, particularly microgrids, and demonstrates their critical role in improving the quality of electrical systems. As a result, the ESSs were divided into several technologies based on the energy storage form and the most important technological features. In this review paper, the most common classifications are introduced/presented, summarized, and compared according to their characteristics.
Patterns of Antibiotic Resistance in Enterobacteriaceae Isolates from Broiler Chicken in the West Region of Cameroon: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Leinyuy Jude Fonbah , Ali Innocent Mbulli , Karimo Ousenu , Tume Christopher B.
Published: June 2022

Background. The emergence of multidrug-resistant food-borne pathogens of animal origin including Enterobacteriaceae is a growing concern. Identifying and monitoring resistance in isolates from human-related environments are of clinical and epidemiological significance in containing antimicrobial resistance. This study aimed to contribute towards the fight against antibiotic resistance and ameliorate the management/treatment of Enterobacteriaceae-linked diseases in Cameroon. Methods. Cloacal swabs from healthy broilers were enriched in buffered-peptone-water and cultured on EMB agar. Antibiotic susceptibility was tested on Mueller-Hinton-Agar by disc diffusion. Plasmid-borne genes for extended-spectrum beta lactamase (ESBL) and resistance to Quinolones (PMQR) and Aminoglycosides were detected by standard endpoint polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results. A total of 394 isolates were identified belonging to 12 Enterobacteriaceae genera, the most prevalent were Escherichia coli (81/394 = 20.56%), Salmonella spp (74/394 = 18.78%), and Klebsiella spp (39/394 = 9.90%) respectively. Overall, 84/394 (21.32%) were ESBL producers, 164/394 (41.62%) were resistant to quinolones, 66/394 (16.75%) resistant to aminoglycosides with 44.0% (173/394) expressing MDR phenotype. Poor hygiene practice (OR 2.55, 95% CI: 1.67, 3.89,

p
=
0.001

) and rearing for >45 days, (OR = 7.98, 95% CI: 5.05, 12.6,

p
=
0.001

) were associated with increased carriage of MDR. Plasmid-borne resistance genes were detected in 76/84 (90.48%) of ESBL-producing isolates, 151/164 (92.07%) quinolone resistant isolates and 59/66 (89.39%) aminoglycoside resistant isolates with co-occurrence of two or more genes per isolate in 58/84 (69.05%) of ESBLs, 132/164 (80.49%) of quinolone resistant isolates and 28/66 (42.42%) of aminoglycoside resistant isolates. Conclusion. This study found high carriage and widespread distribution of Enterobacteriaceae with ESBL and MDR in broiler chicken in the West Region of Cameroon. Most PMQR genes in bacteria were found at levels higher than is seen elsewhere, representing a risk in the wider human community.
Effect of Coal Consumption on the Upgrading of Industrial Structure
Authors: Guo Xuyang , Wang Xin , Zheng Dezhi
Published: June 2022

This paper attempts to study the effect of China’s coal consumption on the upgrading of industrial structure based on the relevant data obtained from the China Statistical Yearbook (1992–2021). The results showed that (1) China’s coal consumption has a downward trend, but it is still more than 56.8%. Similarly, the consumption of nonpetrochemical energy is not high, but the increase with respect to time is large. (2) Percentage of China’s tertiary industry reached a maximum of 54.5% in 2020. However, there is a huge gap when compared to the global data. For example, the tertiary industries accounted for 77.4% in the US in 2017 and 71.3% in the UK in 2019. (3) In the short term, China’s coal consumption will continue to promote the upgrading of industrial structure; in the long run, it is not obvious that China’s coal consumption continues to drive the upgrading of industrial structure. (4) The intensity of the sustainable driving effect of China’s coal consumption on the upgrading of industrial structure will gradually weaken from 0.0647 to 0.00102.
miR-149-3p Is a Potential Prognosis Biomarker and Correlated with Immune Infiltrates in Uterine Corpus Endometrial Carcinoma
Authors: Lu Xiaoyuan , Jing Li , Liu Sicong , Wang Haihong , Chen Buze
Published: June 2022

Background. Endocrine disruption is an important factor in the development of endometrial cancer. Expression of miR-149-3p is observed in some cancer types, while its role in uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma (UCEC) is unclear. Methods. The clinical and genomic data and prognostic information on UCEC were obtained for patients from the TCGA database. The Kruskal–Wallis test, Wilcoxon signed-rank test, and logistic regression were used to analyze the relationship between clinical characteristics and miR-149-3p expression. Kaplan–Meier survival curve analysis was used to study the influence of miR-149-3p expression and miR-149-3p target genes on the prognosis of UCEC patients. The TargetScan, PicTar, Gene Ontology (GO), and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses were used to determine the involvement of miR-149-3p target genes in function. Immune infiltration analysis was used to analyze the functional involvement of miR-149-3p. QRT-PCR was used to validate the expression of miR-149-3p in UCEC cell lines. Results. High expression of miR-149-3p in UCEC was significantly associated with age (

P
<
0.001

), histological type (

P
<
0.001

), histological grade (

P
<
0.001

), tumor invasion (

P
=
0.014

), and radiation therapy (

P
=
0.011

). High miR-149-3p expression predicted poorer overall survival (OS) (HR: 2.56; 95% CI: 1.64–4.00;

P
<
0.001

), progression-free interval (PFI) (HR: 1.85; 95% CI: 1.29–2.65;

P
=
0.001

), and disease-specific survival (DSS) (HR: 2.33; 95% CI: 1.37–3.99;

P
=
0.002

). Low expressions of miR-149-3p target genes, including ADCYAP1R1, CGNL1, CHST3, CYGB, DNAH9, ESR1, HHIP, HIC1, HOXD11, IGF1, INMT, LSP1, MTMR10, NFIC, PLCE1, RARA, SNTN, SPRYD3, and ZBTB7A, were associated with poor OS in UCEC. MiR-149-3p may be involved in the occurrence and development of UCEC via pathways including PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, Ras signaling pathway, AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications, focal adhesion, and MAPK signaling pathway. miR-149-3p may inhibit the function of CD8 T cells, cytotoxic cells, eosinophils, iDC, mast cells, neutrophils, NK CD56bright cells, NK CD56dim cells, pDC, T cells, T helper cells, TFH, Th17 cells, and Treg. miR-149-3p was significantly upregulated in UCEC cell lines compared with endometriotic stromal cells. Conclusion. High expression of miR-149-3p was significantly associated with poor survival in UCEC patients. It may be a promising biomarker of prognosis and response to immunotherapy for UCEC patients.