bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Genotype–phenotype correlation of X-linked Alport syndrome observed in both genders: a multicenter study in South Korea
Authors: Kim Ji Hyun , Lim Seon Hee , Song Ji Yeon , Cho Myung Hyun , Hyun HyeSun , Yang Eun Mi , Lee Jung Won , Cho Min Hyun , Park Min Ji , Lee Joo Hoon , Jung Jiwon , Yoo Kee Hwan , Jang Kyung Mi , Pai Ki Soo , Suh Jin-Soon , Namgoong Mee Kyung , Chung Woo Yeong , Kim Su Jin , Cho Eun Young , Kim Kyung Min , Kim Nam Hee , Kim Minsun , Paik Jin Ho , Kang Hee Gyung , Ahn Yo Han , Cheong Hae Il
Published: April 2023

The genotype–phenotype correlation of the X-linked Alport syndrome (XLAS) has been well elucidated in males, whereas it remains unclear in females. In this multicenter retrospective study, we analyzed the genotype–phenotype correlation in 216 Korean patients (male:female = 130:86) with XLAS between 2000 and 2021. The patients were divided into three groups according to their genotypes: the non-truncating group, the abnormal splicing group, and the truncating group. In male patients, approximately 60% developed kidney failure at the median age of 25.0 years, and kidney survival showed significant differences between the non-truncating and truncating groups (P < 0.001, hazard ratio (HR) 2.8) and splicing and truncating groups (P = 0.002, HR 3.1). Sensorineural hearing loss was detected in 65.1% of male patients, while hearing survival periods showed a highly significant difference between the non-truncating and truncating groups (P < 0.001, HR 5.1). In female patients, approximately 20% developed kidney failure at the median age of 50.2 years. The kidney survival was significantly different between the non-truncating and truncating groups (P = 0.006, HR 5.7). Our findings support the presence of genotype–phenotype correlation not only in male patients but also in female patients with XLAS.
Screening marker genes of type 2 diabetes mellitus in mouse lacrimal gland by LASSO regression
Authors: Pei Xiaoting , Qi Di , Liu Jiangman , Si Hongli , Huang Shenzhen , Zou Sen , Lu Dingli , Li Zhijie
Published: April 2023

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is characterized by insulin resistance and a relative deficiency of insulin. This study aims to screen T2DM-related maker genes in the mouse extraorbital lacrimal gland (ELG) by LASSO regression.C57BLKS/J strain with leptin db/db homozygous mice (T2DM, n = 20) and wild-type mice (WT, n = 20) were used to collect data. The ELGs were collected for RNA sequencing. LASSO regression was conducted to screen marker genes with the training set. Five genes were selected from 689 differentially expressed genes by LASSO regression, including Synm, Elovl6, Glcci1, Tnks and Ptprt. Expression of Synm was downregulated in ELGs of T2DM mice. Elovl6, Glcci1, Tnks, and Ptprt were upregulated in T2DM mice. Area under receiver operating curve of the LASSO model was 1.000(1.000–1.000) and 0.980(0.929–1.000) in the training set and the test set, respectively. The C-index and the robust C-index of the LASSO model were 1.000 and 0.999, respectively, in the training set, and 1.000 and 0.978, respectively, in the test set. In the lacrimal gland of db/db mice, Synm, Elovl6, Glcci1, Tnks and Ptprt can be used as marker genes of T2DM. Abnormal expression of marker genes is related to lacrimal gland atrophy and dry eye in mice.
Graphene oxide decorated multi-frequency surface acoustic wave humidity sensor for hygienic applications
Authors: Jung Soon In , Jang Il Ryu , Ryu Chaehyun , Park Jeonhyeong , Padhan Aneeta Manjari , Kim Hoe Joon
Published: April 2023

This work presents the single-chip integration of a multi-frequency surface acoustic wave resonator (SAWR) based humidity sensor. Graphene oxide (GO), a humidity-sensing material, is integrated onto a confined sensing area of SAWR via electrospray deposition (ESD). The ESD method allows ng-resolution deposition of GO, optimizing the amount of sensing material. The proposed sensor consists of SWARs at three different resonant frequencies (180, 200 and 250 MHz) with a shared common sensing region, thus allowing direct analysis of sensor performances at different operating frequencies. Our findings reveal that the resonant frequency of the sensor impacts both measurement sensitivity and stability. A higher operating frequency ensures better sensitivity but suffers from a larger damping effect from absorbed water molecules. The maximum measurement sensitivity of 17.4 ppm/RH% is achieved with low drift. In addition, the developed sensor exhibits improved stability and sensitivity by as much as 150% and 75% in frequency shift and Quality factor (Q), respectively, by carefully selecting the operating frequencies at a given RH% range. Finally, the sensors are used for various hygienic applications, such as non-contact proximity detection and face mask inspection.
First trimester abortion protocols by facility type in Switzerland and potential barriers to accessing the service
Authors: Eckstein Samuel Martin , von Felten Stefanie , Perotto Laura , Brun Romana , Vorburger Denise
Published: April 2023

Simplified first-trimester abortion protocols are well established. However, data on the use of medical or surgical abortion protocols across Switzerland is lacking. We report protocol characteristics in abortion care for two different facility types, hospital vs private practices (office-based) in Switzerland. Furthermore, we investigate an association between protocol characteristics and the likelihood of following through with the abortion at the same facility. We also report abortion outcomes of an office-based cohort where doctors use simplified abortion protocols. This study consists of two parts. (i) Between April and July, 2019, we collected data regarding medical and surgical abortion protocols of institutions offering abortions, in a nationwide survey. We assessed whether the proportion of patients who followed through with the abortion (primary outcome) after first appointment was associated with predefined protocol characteristics, considered to complicate access to abortion services, using generalised estimating equations. (ii) We analysed abortion outcomes of six selected office-based facilities from January, 2008, to December, 2018, using simplified abortion protocols in accordance with the Worlds Health Organisation (WHO) guidelines. (i) We included a total of 39 institutions. Hospitals showed more protocol-based barriers to abortion access compared with office-based facilities. The odds of undergoing an abortion after the first appointment were increased using protocols with minimal barriers. Overall, office-based facilities applied higher gestational age limits, required fewer appointments, and administered mifepristone more often after the first visit than did hospitals. (ii) We included a total of 5274 patients with an incidence of complications requiring surgery of 2.5% in line with rates reported in published literature. Only a few hospitals provide abortion care with easy access to medical and surgical abortion, whereas most office-based facilities do. Access to abortion services is generally crucial, and should be provided in a single visit whenever clinically permissible.
AI-assisted prediction of differential response to antidepressant classes using electronic health records
Authors: Sheu Yi-han , Magdamo Colin , Miller Matthew , Das Sudeshna , Blacker Deborah , Smoller Jordan W.
Published: April 2023

Antidepressant selection is largely a trial-and-error process. We used electronic health record (EHR) data and artificial intelligence (AI) to predict response to four antidepressants classes (SSRI, SNRI, bupropion, and mirtazapine) 4 to 12 weeks after antidepressant initiation. The final data set comprised 17,556 patients. Predictors were derived from both structured and unstructured EHR data and models accounted for features predictive of treatment selection to minimize confounding by indication. Outcome labels were derived through expert chart review and AI-automated imputation. Regularized generalized linear model (GLM), random forest, gradient boosting machine (GBM), and deep neural network (DNN) models were trained and their performance compared. Predictor importance scores were derived using SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP). All models demonstrated similarly good prediction performance (AUROCs ≥ 0.70, AUPRCs ≥ 0.68). The models can estimate differential treatment response probabilities both between patients and between antidepressant classes for the same patient. In addition, patient-specific factors driving response probabilities for each antidepressant class can be generated. We show that antidepressant response can be accurately predicted from real-world EHR data with AI modeling, and our approach could inform further development of clinical decision support systems for more effective treatment selection.
The effects of live and pasteurized Akkermansia muciniphila on DSS-induced ulcerative colitis, gut microbiota, and metabolomics in mice
Authors: Xue Liangyu , Zhao Yunjiao , Wang Huiting , Li Zongqi , Wu Tao , Liu Rui , Sui Wenjie , Zhang Min
Published: April 2023

Gut microbiota of live and pasteurized A. muciniphila-administered mice modifies intestinal metabolic disorders and ameliorates acute intestinal damage, with pasteurized A. muciniphila being more effective.
Polymers of intrinsic microporosity containing aryl-phthalimide moieties: synthesis, modeling, and membrane gas transport properties
Authors: Rodríguez-González Fidel E. , Soto Cenit , Palacio Laura , Montero-Alejo Ana L. , Escalona Néstor , Schott Eduardo , Comesaña-Gándara Bibiana , Terraza Claudio A. , Tundidor-Camba Alain
Published: April 2023

High-performance polymers for membrane gas separation require the careful design of the structure-porous relationship.
Siderophore conjugation with cleavable linkers boosts the potency of RNA polymerase inhibitors against multidrug-resistantE. coli
Authors: Peukert Carsten , Vetter Anna C. , Fuchs Hazel L. S. , Harmrolfs Kirsten , Karge Bianka , Stadler Marc , Brönstrup Mark
Published: April 2023

RNA polymerase inhibitors against the bacteriumE. colibecome more potent when coupled to a siderophore enhancing cellular uptake, if the linker is cleaved inside the cell.
Effects of the aspect ratio of plasmonic gold nanorods on the inhibition of lysozyme amyloid formation
Authors: Rani Khushboo , Pippal Bhumika , Singh Shubham Kumar , Karmakar Anurupa , Vankayala Raviraj , Jain Neha
Published: April 2023

Plasmonic gold nanorods (GNRs) act as anti-amyloid agent against lysozyme (HEWL) amyloid formation and drives it into soluble off-pathway oligomers.
Bi-directional geometric constraints in the construction of giant dual-rim nanorings
Authors: Zhong Wanying , Wang Zhantao , Yu Wei-Dong , Wang Ning , Fu Fan , Wang Jun , Zhao He , Liu Die , Jiang Zhilong , Wang Pingshan , Chen Mingzhao
Published: April 2023

The self-assembly of giant hollow macrocyclic structures has been achieved through two novel tetratopic ligands. The bi-directional geometric mutual constraints were found to be the key factors controlling the giant hollow architectures.
Concise nanotherapeutic modality for cancer involving graphene oxide dots in conjunction with ascorbic acid
Authors: Shih Chun-Yan , Wang Pei-Ting , Chung Wei-Pang , Wang Wen-Hsiu , Chiang I-Ting , Su Wu-Chou , Huang Wei-Lun , Teng Hsisheng
Published: April 2023

A concise nanotherapeutic modality comprising multifunctional nitrogen-doped graphene oxide dots and ascorbic acid eliminates deep-seated and superficial tumors simultaneously.
One-pot synthesis of 4-(imidazol-1-yl)indole derivatives through a sequential dearomatization and Ag-catalyzed cyclization/Cs2CO3-mediated addition/aromatization reaction
Authors: Huang Chaoman , Jin Zefeng , Zhang Bei , Zhou Yuanyuan , Lin Huiting , Kang Honglan , Shen Guodong , Lv Xin
Published: April 2023

One-pot synthesis of 4-(imidazol-1-yl)indole derivatives through sequential dearomatization and Ag-catalyzed cyclization/Cs2CO3-mediated addition/aromatization reaction.
Recent progress in the design of conjugated polydiacetylenes with reversible thermochromic performance: a review
Authors: Yu Zhonghua , MuYu Congcong , Xu Hongcheng , Zhao Jingying , Yang Guang
Published: April 2023

Π-conjugated polydiacetylenes (PDAs) have attracted enormous attention based on their unique structures and properties.
Synthesis of ROS-responsive poly(thioacetal)s with narrow molecular weight distributions via lactone ring-opening polymerization
Authors: Kim Sungwhan , Park Hyein , Fuẞ Fabian , Lee Yan
Published: April 2023

Poly(thioacetal)s with narrow molecular weight distributions were synthesized via lactone ring-opening polymerization. They showed ROS-responsive degradability according to their electronic structures.
Development of prediction model for cloud point of thermo-responsive polymers by experiment-oriented materials informatics
Authors: Hayakawa Mai , Sakano Kosuke , Kumada Rei , Tobita Haruka , Igarashi Yasuhiko , Citterio Daniel , Oaki Yuya , Hiruta Yuki
Published: April 2023

A prediction model for cloud point was built by a combination of materials informatics and chemical insight.
Ultrasensitive electrochemical biosensor for detection of circulating tumor cells based on a highly efficient enzymatic cascade reaction
Authors: Dong Min , Gao Zhihong , Zhang Yating , Cai Jiahui , Li Jian , Xu Panpan , Jiang Hong , Gu Jianmin , Wang Jidong
Published: April 2023

The electrochemical detection of circulating tumor cells based on a carbon nanotube–chitosan composite-driven highly efficient enzymatic cascade reaction.
Salazinic acid attenuates male sexual dysfunction and testicular oxidative damage in streptozotocin-induced diabetic albino rats
Authors: Killari Kishore Naidu , Polimati Haritha , Prasanth D. S. N. B. K. , Singh Gagandeep , Panda Siva Prasad , Vedula Girija Sastry , Tatipamula Vinay Bharadwaj
Published: April 2023

Protective effects of salazinic acid on male spermatogenic dysfunction in STZ-induced diabetic albino rats.
Synthesis of diarylmethyl thioethersviaa DABCO-catalyzed 1,6-conjugate addition reaction ofp-quinone methides with organosulfur reagents
Authors: Shuai Ming-Shan , Guan Xiang , Fei Xing-Hai , Zhang Mao , Fu Xiao-Zhong , He Bin , Zhao Yong-Long
Published: April 2023

A rapid and simple method was developed for the synthesis of diarylmethyl thioethersviaa DABCO-catalyzed 1,6-conjugate addition reaction ofpara-quinone methides (p-QMs) with organosulfur reagents.
Correction: 45S5 bioactive glass-based scaffolds coated with cellulose nanowhiskers for bone tissue engineering
Authors: Li Wei , Garmendia Nere , Pérez de Larraya Uxua , Ding Yaping , Detsch Rainer , Grünewald Alina , Roether Judith A. , Schubert Dirk W. , Boccaccini Aldo R.
Published: April 2023

Correction for ‘45S5 bioactive glass-based scaffolds coated with cellulose nanowhiskers for bone tissue engineering’ by Wei Li et al., RSC Adv., 2014, 4, 56156–56164, https://doi.org/10.1039/C4RA07740G.
Laser-induced graphene incorporated with silver nanoparticles applied for heavy metal multi-detection
Authors: Jeong Seongeun , Yang Sungwook , Lee Yi Jae , Lee Soo Hyun
Published: April 2023

Schematic diagram of the fabrication and SWASV measurement method of AgNP/LIG-based heavy metal sensors.
A hypoxia-activatable theranostic agent with intrinsic endoplasmic reticulum affinity and type-I photosensitivity
Authors: Zhang Junqing , Zhang Yongkang , Zhang Hao , Zhai Wenhao , Shi Xiaoqian , Li Changhua
Published: April 2023

A unique photosensitizer with intrinsic endoplasmic reticulum-targeting ability and high hypoxia-tolerance was developed and used as a versatile scaffold to construct an activatable theranostic agent for precise photodynamic therapy against solid tumor.
A spatiotemporal release hydrogel based on an M1-to-M2 immunoenvironment for wound management
Authors: Xiao Huimin , Chen Xin , Shan Jianyang , Liu Xuanzhe , Sun Yi , Shen Junjie , Chai Yimin , We Gen , Yu Yaling
Published: April 2023

A novel controllable strategy to construct a spatiotemporal dynamical hydrogel based on an M1-to-M2 immune environment for the treatment of cutaneous wounds.
Mechanistic insights into the development of severe fetal growth restriction
Authors: Gumina Diane L. , Su Emily J.
Published: April 2023

Fetal growth restriction (FGR), which most commonly results from suboptimal placental function, substantially increases risks for adverse perinatal and long-term outcomes. The only “treatment” that exists is delivery, which averts stillbirth but does not improve outcomes in survivors. Furthermore, the potential long-term consequences of FGR to the fetus, including cardiometabolic disorders, predispose these individuals to developing FGR in their future pregnancies. This creates a multi-generational cascade of adverse effects stemming from a single dysfunctional placenta, and understanding the mechanisms underlying placental-mediated FGR is critically important if we are to improve outcomes and overall health. The mechanisms behind FGR remain unknown. However, placental insufficiency derived from maldevelopment of the placental vascular systems is the most common etiology. To highlight important mechanistic interactions within the placenta, we focus on placental vascular development in the setting of FGR. We delve into fetoplacental angiogenesis, a robust and ongoing process in normal pregnancies that is impaired in severe FGR. We review cellular models of FGR, with special attention to fetoplacental angiogenesis, and we highlight novel integrin-extracellular matrix interactions that regulate placental angiogenesis in severe FGR. In total, this review focuses on key developmental processes, with specific focus on the human placenta, an underexplored area of research.
Method for determining the critical parameters of the sustainability of an energy system with integrated renewable energy sources
Authors: Guliyev Huseyngulu
Published: April 2023

This paper proposes a method for modeling the regime of a power system with integrated variable renewable sources - wind power units and solar PV installations, the generation of which is continuously changing in accordance with the random variability of wind speed and solar radiation. Wind speed and solar radiation data were obtained for real regions in which a 240 MW wind farm and a 230 MW solar PV power plant are currently under construction. A method is proposed for calculating the value of the critical stress in the system for indefinitely changing wind speed and the level of its fluctuations, which determine the stochastic variability of the system regime. For each interval of change in wind speed, a set of probable modes of the system and the corresponding critical voltages in the network of the system are determined. The computational experiments were performed for the 30-node IEEE scheme.
Forecasting of electricity consumption by industrial enterprises with a continuous nature of production
Authors: Rakhmonov I.U. , Niyozov N.N. , Kurbonov N.N. , Umarov B.S.
Published: April 2023

The development of models for forecasting electricity consumption is a complex process, due to the non-linear dependence of electricity consumption on factors that affect the forecast indicators. Since the current forecasting methods do not take into account this non-linearity, the difference between the actual and forecast indicators of electricity consumption often exceeds the allowable values. To determine the required forecast indicators with high accuracy is the use of artificial intelligence methods. In this paper, when predicting electricity consumption, the method of autoregression of the integrated moving average is used. An enlarged block diagram of the algorithm for predicting power consumption using the ARIMA method has been developed.
Analysis of payment priority for electricity consumed in industrial enterprises on the base of classified tariffs
Authors: Fayziyev Makhmanazar , Ochilov Yunus , Nimatov Komoliddin , Mustayev Ruslan
Published: April 2023

The following issues are considered and resolved in the article: the advantage of using tariffs stratified by time to increase the efficiency of electricity consumption by industrial enterprises; Analysis of the tariff system in the electric power system of the Republic of Uzbekistan and the essence of the effectiveness of the application of differentiated tariffs; In order to justify the application of time-differentiated tariffs, the electricity consumption of the industrial enterprise is analyzed; parameters of electricity consumption are optimized according to different tariffs. In order to regulate the load schedule of the energy system using time-graded tariffs in the morning and evening “peak” periods, a method of reducing the load in "peak" periods is proposed in exchange for increasing energy consumption in the night periods.
Design of a pole changing winding for asynchronous machines drived on conveyors using the ANSYS Maxwell
Authors: Rashidov Nuralibek , Rozmetov Khamza , Rismukhamedov Sabit , Peysenov Moldagali
Published: April 2023

The article considers the issues of increasing energy efficiency by using multi-speed motors, and also considers the problems of creating pole-changing windings. The procedure for constructing a new two-layer three-phase pole-changing winding with a pole ratio of 4/6, made in 36 stator slots on the basis of the basic switching scheme YYY/YYY, is presented. Based on the results of the analysis of the electromagnetic properties, the optimal winding pitch was selected. An experimental motor with a new pole-changing winding was created on the basis of a magnetic circuit of a serial asynchronous machine of the 4?132?4 type. The analysis of the properties of the electric motor was carried out using the ANSYS/Maxwell program. The results of experimental tests of a new two-speed motor in static and dynamic modes are also presented.
Efficient protection and control of electric drives using solid state circuits
Authors: Abduraimov Erkin
Published: April 2023

The paper presents the results of a theoretical study of semiconductor circuits carried out for practical use in the development of a non-contact switching and control apparatus for starting control and under voltage protection of AC motors. According to the results of the analysis of semiconductor circuits, it is recommended to use them when creating relay devices for the automation of electrical equipment. Theoretical investigated semiconductor circuits were used in the creation of a non-contact starter of an asynchronous electric drive with protection against operation at minimal voltage drops in the network.
Analysis of reactive power consumption “Denav oil extraction plant”
Authors: Karimov Raxmatillo , Xushvaktov Dilmurod
Published: April 2023

The article deals with the study of non-contact devices, the analysis of reactive power consumption of the “Denav Oil Extraction Plant” and the graphs of reactive power consumption of enterprises. And also, the purpose of the article is from a review of materials on contactless devices for automatic control of the power of capacitor banks and the study of graphs for the consumption of reactive power of enterprises.
Improving the reliability of the operation of reclamation pumping stations by using self-starting electric motors
Authors: Abidov Kudrat
Published: April 2023

The results of full-scale studies of unsteady processes during self-starting of electric motors at pumping stations are presented. The simulation of transient processes in the modes of self-starting of an asynchronous electric drive of a pumping unit is considered in order to identify the nature of the change in flow, pressure and moment of resistance on the pump shaft in the noted modes. The transient processes in the run-down modes when the pump loses the drive, as well as the self-starting of the asynchronous electric drive of the pumping unit, are investigated. In order to improve the technical and operational performance of reclamation pumping stations, the necessity of using the self-starting mode of electric drives of pumping units is substantiated.
Construction principle of automatic control system adjustable multi-engine drive water lift pump unit
Authors: Khamudkhanova Nargiza , Idriskhodjaeva Mokhira , Kholbutayeva Kholjan
Published: April 2023

The article discusses the issues of the principle of constructing an automatic control system for a multi-motor controlled electric drive with an electrical connection along the rotor chain of asyn-chronous electric motors with phase rotors and a common inverter by a driven network to control the technological process of water supply of pumping units as part of a water-lifting pumping unit. The expediency of constructing a system for automatic control of the frequency of rotation of the drive motors of a pumping unit in the form of a digital electric drive, implemented through a subordinate control system, is disclosed.
Transformations of equations with approximation of characteristics of nonlinear elements by power polynomial
Authors: Rakhmatullaev Anvar , Abdullayev Baxtiyar , Rahmatullayev Sarvar
Published: April 2023

The article discusses some transformations of the equation associated with approximations in the form of a polynomial, which is quickly transferred to a convenient equation compiled with respect to the main input and output values and gives generalized dependencies for a number of nonlinear systems. As an example, a part of a magnetic circuit with longitudinal and orthogonal magnetization fields is given. Relations are presented that connect the inductions B1, B2 as input and output quantities, which in turn are directly related to the corresponding voltages U1 and U2. For all three magnetic circuits, dependencies are obtained that convert the input and output currents i1, i2 into input and output inductions B1, B2 with an approximating function in the form of a polynomial of any degree.
Allelopathic effects of Egeria densa on the growth and morphology of Chlorella vulgaris
Authors: Dai Dujuan , Yang Yue , Wang Feihu , Zhang Yang , Zhang Man , Gao Yunni , Gao Xiaofei , Dong Jing , Li Xuejun , Chang Mengyang
Published: April 2023

Interspecific interaction between submerged macrophytes and phytoplankton is of great significance in sustaining ecological balance and restoring eutrophic water regions. In consideration of the diversified algal density and macrophytes biomass, the present study selected two biomass levels of Egeria densa and gradient densities of Chlorella vulgaris for simulated cultivation experimentation. E. densa could significantly suppress the growth and affect the morphology of C. vulgaris. The allelopathically inhibitory growth of C. vulgaris was suggested to increase with increasing biomass of E. densa and decreased with the elevating density of C. vulgaris. Higher amount of colonies and bigger colony size of C. vulgaris were detected after the treatment with 5 g/L of E. densa together with C. vulgaris (OD680 = 0.2) and treatment with 10 g/L E. densa together with C. vulgaris (OD680 = 0.05). Elevated extracellular and intracellular polysaccharides were detected, which possibly contributed to the morphological changes of C. vulgaris induced by E. densa.
Test sur mesure pour évaluer la durabilité des matériaux sous irradiation
Authors: Brun Lucille , Chapon Arnaud
Published: April 2023

Nous présentons un dispositif d’essais pour de nouveaux tests destinés à la qualification de matériaux pour les environnements soumis à une irradiation. Ce dispositif comprend un accélérateur de particules, qui permet de caractériser les effets de l’irradiation sur un matériau et/ou son environnement. Ce moyen d’essais pourra être utilisé dans des projets de recherche dans des secteurs d’activité tels que le nucléaire, le médical ou le spatial.
Sonographic Fracture Diagnosis in Children and Adolescents
Authors: Moritz Jörg Detlev
Published: April 2023

Background Clinical examination after trauma, especially in young children, often proves difficult. As a result, the majority of images show unremarkable findings in the imaging workup of trauma by radiography. Sonography represents an imaging technique without the use of X-rays. As the quality of ultrasound equipment has increased over the past 20 years, numerous studies have demonstrated that fractures in children and adolescents can be detected with very high sensitivity and specificity by sonography.

Method This paper reviews the results obtained so far in the literature. Based on these findings, the importance of sonographic fracture diagnosis in childhood and adolescence for the most important locations is demonstrated.

Results When examining with a high-frequency linear transducer, sensitivities and specificities of more than 90 % can be achieved for the detection of fractures. Dislocations are also reliably detected. In contrast to X-ray examination, sonography allows the diagnosis of cartilage and soft-tissue injuries. Sonography reveals callus formation earlier than radiographs. The examination causes less pain than X-ray examination. If sonographic clarification is limited purely to fracture detection or exclusion, less time is required compared to X-ray diagnosis. The procedure can be learned quickly. If the documentation follows a defined standard examination procedure, the results can also be reproduced by non-examiners.

Conclusion So far, sonography has only been an additive procedure in fracture diagnosis. However, there are now initial recommendations for sonographic fracture diagnosis alone, such as in skull, clavicle and non-displaced distal forearm fractures.

Key Points:

Zitierweise
Endocrine Outcomes and Associated Predictive Factors for Somatotrophin Pituitary Adenoma after Endoscopic Endonasal Transsphenoidal Surgery: 10 Years of Experience in a Single Institute
Authors: Geng Yuanming , Dong Qian , Cong Zixiang , Zhu Junhao , Li Zhenxing , Du Chaonan , Yuan Feng , Zeng Xinrui , Ali Alleyar , Yang Jin , Tang Chao , Ma Chiyuan
Published: April 2023

Objective Biochemical remission rates of endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal surgery (EETS) and its associated predictive factors were evaluated in patients with somatotrophin pituitary adenomas.

Methods The patients who underwent EETS in Jinling Hospital were identified between 2011 and 2020. The surgeons' experience, preoperative insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), basal growth hormone (GH) levels, nadir GH levels, and the tumor characteristics were analyzed for their relationships with endocrine outcomes. Total 98 patients were included for single factor analysis and regression analysis. They were divided into three groups according to the admission chronologic order.

Results The overall remission rate of the patients was 57% (56/98) for all the patients over 10 years. In the single factor analysis, we found that the tumor size, cavernous invasion, and sellar invasion were valuable to predict the endocrine outcome after surgery. As for the suprasellar invasion, no significant difference was found between the noninvasive group and the invasive group. The preoperative IGF-1 level (p = 0.166), basal GH level (p = 0.001), and nadir GH level (p = 0.004) were also different between the remission group and the nonremission group in the single factor analysis. The logistic regression analysis indicated that the preoperative nadir GH (odds ratio = 0.930, 95% confidence interval = 0.891–0.972, p = 0.001) was a significant predictor for the endocrine outcomes after surgery.

Conclusion The surgeons' experience is an important factor that can affect the patients' endocrine outcomes after surgery. The macroadenomas with lateral invasion are more difficult to cure. Patients with higher preoperative nadir GH levels are less likely to achieve remission.
Priv.-Doz. Dr. med. Rainer B. Zotz
Authors: Scharf Rüdiger E.
Published: April 2023

It is with great sadness and deep grief that we received news about the sudden death of Priv.-Doz. Dr. Rainer Bernd Zotz (Fig. 1). He was torn out of life on September 26, 2022 by suffering from an acute illness. As his long-standing mentor and colleague, it is my sad duty to write this obituary.
Challenges of Integrating APOL1 Genetic Test Results into the Electronic Health Record
Authors: Rasmussen Luke V. , Agrawal Akansha H. , Botsford Paul , Powers Andrew , Schnoebelen Jeffrey , Xinos Stavroula , Harper Gail , Thanner Jane , McCabe Sarah , Moore Stephen , Wicklund Catherine A. , Duquette Debra , Gordon Elisa J.
Published: April 2023

Objectives Integrating genetic test results into the electronic health record (EHR) is essential for integrating genetic testing into clinical practice. This article describes the organizational challenges of integrating discrete apolipoprotein L1 (APOL1) genetic test results into the EHR for a research study on culturally sensitive genetic counseling for living kidney donors.

Methods We convened a multidisciplinary team across three institutions (Northwestern University, Northwestern Memorial HealthCare [NMHC], and OHSU Knight Diagnostic Laboratories [KDL]), including researchers, physicians, clinical information technology, and project management. Through a series of meetings over a year between the team and the genetic testing laboratory, we explored and adjusted our EHR integration plan based on regulatory and budgetary constraints.

Results Our original proposal was to transmit results from KDL to NMHC as structured data sent via Health Level Seven (HL7) v2 message. This was ultimately deemed infeasible given the time and resources required to establish the interface, and the low number of samples to be processed for the study (n = 316). We next explored the use of Epic's Care Everywhere interoperability platform, but learned it was not possible as a laboratory test ordered for a research study; even though our intent was to study the APOL1 genetic test result's clinical use and impact, test results were still considered “research results.” Faced with two remaining options—downloading a PDF from the KDL laboratory portal or scanning a faxed result from KDL—only a PDF of the APOL1 test result could be integrated into the EHR, reinforcing the status quo.

Conclusion Even with early and ongoing stakeholder engagement, dedicated project management, and funding, unanticipated implementation challenges—especially for research projects—can result in drastic design tradeoffs.
Liebe Leserin, lieber Leser,
Authors: Matischok Lilian , Spencker Martin
Published: April 2023

Liebe Leserin, lieber Leser, herzlich Willkommen zu einer neuen Ausgabe unserer Sonderpublikation zur DMEA.
Aufklärung und Anamnese zu Hause: Entlastung für Klinik und Patient*innen
Authors: Gärisch André
Published: April 2023

Patient*innen und Personal des RHÖN-KLINIKUMS in Frankfurt (Oder) profitieren von einem digital gestützten, modernen Aufklärungs- und Anamneseprozess. Über die Ziele, Herausforderungen und Ergebnisse berichten Julian Schäfer und Dr. Bernhard Flasch, die das wegweisende Pilotprojekt maßgeblich vorangetrieben haben.
The Impact of Phenobarbital on the Ability of Electroencephalogram to Predict Adverse Outcome in Asphyxiated Neonates during Therapeutic Hypothermia
Authors: Yuliati Asri , Zayek Michael , Maertens Paul
Published: April 2023

Objective Classification of electroencephalogram (EEG) background has been established to predict outcome in neonates with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). However, the impact of phenobarbital therapy on the predictability of EEG background has not been studied. Our objective is to determine if EEG background after treatment with phenobarbital during therapeutic hypothermia (TH) remains a good predictor for brain injury in neonates with HIE.

Study Design This is a single-center, retrospective study of consecutive neonates with HIE who underwent TH and EEG monitoring from October 2017 to March 2021. Per institutional protocol, all infants received a dose of prophylactic phenobarbital and bumetanide therapy at the onset of TH for sedative and neuroprotective measures. The initial 3 hours of EEG background activity was classified based on national guidelines. Infants were separated into two groups based on EEG background scores: group 1 (normal–mild, n = 30) and group 2 (moderate–severe, n = 36). Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) results were scored based on the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) criteria. Adverse outcomes were defined as death before MRI or NICHD brain injury score > 1A.

Results Infants in group 2 had lower Apgar scores at 5 minutes of age, severe acidemia, moderate to severe encephalopathy score, and earlier initiation of EEG monitoring than infants in group 1. Moderate to severe EEG background score was associated with presence of brain injury on MRI or death (p = 0.003), and this association remained significant even after adjustment for independent risk factors (odds ratio = 56.24 [95% confidence interval = 1.841–1718], p = 0.021).

Conclusion Phenobarbital therapy does not affect the ability of EEG to predict adverse outcome in infants with perinatal asphyxia during TH.

Key Points
Populist pragmatism: the nationalisation of local government strategies by the Rassemblement National
Authors: Peace Timothy , Paxton Fred
Published: April 2023

Existing studies have explored the territorialisation of the Rassemblement National (RN) in terms of its regional variation in patterns of support and mobilisation strategies. The extent of regional variation in its local government strategies, however, has been neglected. In this article, we make this enquiry through comparison of two municipalities run by the RN between 2014 and 2020. While similar in local demand and central party supply, the municipalities differ in their socio-economic context and political history. We ask if the party has responded to these contrasting contexts with different strategies of governing. We conduct a qualitative analysis of the policies introduced in both towns and draw on semi-structured interviews with government and opposition actors. In addition, we conduct a quantitative text analysis of their policy agendas, using a dictionary-based analysis to measure the extent of populist radical right ideology in each case. Our findings show that, as well as some limited regional variation in the prominence of their core ideological themes, there is a common emphasis from both on a governing style characterised by ‘pragmatism’. We argue that the prioritisation of the national party aim of mainstreaming can be a force for the nationalisation of local governing strategies from populist radical right parties, as shown here in the case of the RN.
Developing and validating the Sexual Health Literacy Scale in an Iranian adult sample
Authors: Rashidi Kazhal , Watson Peter , Farahani Hojjatollah , Chesli Rasol Roshan , Abiri Fatemeh Akhavan
Published: April 2023

The literature has shown that sexual health literacy has limited applicability in many developing countries. The present study, therefore, aimed to develop and examine the validity and reliability of the Sexual Health Literacy Scale (SHLS) among a sample of 595 Iranian university students. The first analysis yielded themes obtained from a qualitative content analysis of the 118-item SHLS scale. Concepts were extracted using the method of latent content analysis (Bengtsson, NursingPlus Open 2:8–16, 2016). 327 initial codes were extracted and main categories (Elo and Kyngäs, J Adv Nurs. 62 (1): 107–115, 2007) or themes (Graneheim and Lundman, Nurse Education Today 24: 105–112, 2004) obtained consisting of the information source, individual barriers, understanding and application, capacity and motivation, damage, skills, sexual rights, and socio-cultural barriers. In the second analysis, the 595 students were randomly split into two groups. An exploratory factor analysis was conducted on the themes derived and quantified in Phase 1. 6 Factors were obtained and found to be consistent in both groups. Criterion-related validity of sexual health literacy was determined by stepwise multiple regression to predict marital satisfaction. The reliability of SHLS was also investigated. The third analysis examined the fit of the 6 factors obtained from the 595 students in the original sample to a new sample of 221 university students using cross-validation via confirmatory factor analysis. We developed and validated a six-factor structure of the Sexual Health Literacy Scale 106 (SHLS-106): factor 1, Sexual Skills; factor 2, Individual Socio-cultural Barriers; factor 3, Sexual Vulnerability; factor 4, Resources to Access Sexual Information; factor 5, Understanding and Application; factor 6, Capacity and Motivation. SHLS-106 shows good test–retest reliability and criterion, incremental and convergent validities. This is the first study to examine the validity and reliability of the Sexual Health Literacy Scale in an Iranian sample. Considering the acceptable validity and reliability of this instrument, the psychometric properties of SHLS-106 need to be further investigated in diverse, more extended samples to clarify the extent of application of this scale in different settings. SHLS-106 can effectively examine sexual health literacy, a dynamic scale in nature influenced by the individual, healthcare system, contextual, and social factors in different cultures.
Exploring diversity, equity, and inclusion perceptions among leadership in the field of Human-Animal Interaction
Authors: Jensen Clare L. , Ogeer Jennifer , Beck Alan M. , O’Haire Marguerite E.
Published: April 2023

The field and study of human-animal interaction (HAI) have experienced substantial and ongoing growth in scientific rigor and, public awareness. Yet, considerations for the role of diversity in the field have thus far remained limited, and efforts to promote diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) in HAI are critically needed. As one of the first steps to improving DEI is to conduct a baseline assessment, the present study sought to address two questions: (1) what is the representativeness among field leaders (i.e. directors of HAI research and education centers)? and (2) what are their perceptions about the status and importance of DEI in the field? Surveys were completed by Human-Animal Bond (HAB) center representatives and directors regarding center and director demographics, and perceived importance of DEI and diversity among professionals and clients in the field. Themes from DEI-focused discussions with expert panels at the 2021 CHAB Conference, were used to interpret and frame the implications of these survey results and make recommendations for the next steps to actively promote and support DEI in HAI. Results indicated racial homogeneity among center directors, with some limited representativeness in other facets of diversity (e.g. sexual orientation, disability, religion). There was limited perceived diversity among field professionals and the communities served, but high perceived importance of diversity in the HAI field. Finally, results suggested inconsistencies in the understanding of barriers to DEI in HAI and a lack of knowledge about strategies for promoting DEI in the field. This manuscript provides a summary of current DEI in the field along with existing resources and guidelines from DEI experts.
Scale to measure motives for car use and personal norms for reducing car use in the metropolitan area of the Valley of Mexico (Escalas de motivos para uso del auto y de norma personal de reducción del uso de auto en la Zona Metropolitana del Valle de México)
Authors: Cruz Carlos-Adrián , Bustos José-Marcos , Andrade Patricia , Flores Luz-María , López Elizabeth
Published: April 2023

The motives for car use and the personal norms for reducing car use have been studied to understand the motivational processes underlying car use. Motives have been classified as instrumental, symbolic and affective, while personal norms have been classified as introjected and integrated. The aim of this study is to validate scales measuring motives for car use and personal norms for car use reduction in Mexico City. Both scales were applied, together with a measure of car use, to a sample of 257 motorists. The results indicate a good fit for the three-factor model for the motives for car use scale and a good fit for the two-factor model for personal norms for car use reduction. A linear regression model was run, which showed that both constructs explain 21.3% of variance in car use, and the significant predictors are instrumental motives and integrated norms. Both scales show initial evidence of reliability, validity and parsimony.
Compact lensless convolution processor for an optoelectronic convolutional neural network
Authors: Zhang Zaikun , Kong Depeng , Da Zhengshang , Wang Ruiduo , Wang Shijie , Geng Yi , He Zhengquan
Published: April 2023

To our knowledge, optical 4f systems have been widely used as a convolutional layer to perform convolutional computation in free-space optical neural networks (ONNs), which makes ONNs too bulky to be easily applied to miniaturized smart systems. Hence, we propose a compact lensless optoelectronic convolutional neural network (LOE-CNN) architecture in which a single optimized diffractive phase mask acts as an analog convolution processor to perform convolutional operation without a Fourier lens or lenslet array. We demonstrate that this LOE-CNN can be functionally comparable to existing electronic counterparts in classification performance, achieving a classification accuracy of 98.07% and 95% over the Modified National Institute of Standards and Technology dataset in simulation and experiment, respectively, which not only opens new application prospects for free-space ONNs based on a compact single-chip convolution processor, but also facilitates the development of ONN-based smart devices.
The Schottky barrier transistor in emerging electronic devices
Authors: Schwarz Mike , Vethaak Tom D , Derycke Vincent , Francheteau Anaïs , Iniguez Benjamin , Kataria Satender , Kloes Alexander , Lefloch Francois , Lemme Max , Snyder John P , Weber Walter M , Calvet Laurie E
Published: April 2023

This paper explores how the Schottky barrier (SB) transistor is used in a variety of applications and material systems. A discussion of SB formation, current transport processes, and an overview of modeling are first considered. Three discussions follow, which detail the role of SB transistors in high performance, ubiquitous and cryogenic electronics. For high performance computing, the SB typically needs to be minimized to achieve optimal performance and we explore the methods adopted in carbon nanotube technology and two-dimensional electronics. On the contrary for ubiquitous electronics, the SB can be used advantageously in source-gated transistors and reconfigurable field-effect transistors (FETs) for sensors, neuromorphic hardware and security applications. Similarly, judicious use of an SB can be an asset for applications involving Josephson junction FETs.
Effect of impurities on charge and heat transport in tubular nanowires
Authors: Rezaie Heris Hadi , Klausen K O , Sitek Anna , Erlingsson Sigurdur I , Manolescu Andrei
Published: April 2023

We calculate the charge and heat currents carried by electrons, originating from a temperature gradient and a chemical potential difference between the two ends of tubular nanowires with different geometries of the cross-sectional areas: circular, square, triangular, and hexagonal. We consider nanowires based on InAs semiconductor material, and use the Landauer-Büttiker approach to calculate the transport quantities. We include impurities in the form of delta scatterers and compare their effect for different geometries. The results depend on the quantum localization of the electrons along the edges of the tubular prismatic shell. For example, the effect of impurities on the charge and heat transport is weaker in the triangular shell than in the hexagonal shell, and the thermoelectric current in the triangular case is several times larger than in the hexagonal case, for the same temperature gradient.