bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
‘Life Would be a Meaningless Game and a Bad Joke’ Without Freedom: Naguib Mahfouz as an Oppositional Writer
Authors: Sazzad Rehnuma
Published: May 2013

Mahfouz is generally known as a master ‘storyteller’ of Cairo. However, he can also be read as a great resistance writer, if we depend on Edward Said’s idea of the oppositional intellectual as a humanist writer who uncompromisingly unmasks the workings of power in society. I argue that a remarkable humanism works at the heart of Mahfouz’s adversarial project by reading The Cairo Trilogy as a counter-hegemonic piece, rather than only as a familial tale that mirrors early twentieth-century Egypt. Since Mahfouz remains obsessed with the presence of power in human life, his central struggle is to demystify the hegemonies related to race, gender, class, religion and success in order to de-effectuate them from a deeply humane perspective and assert his intellectual freedom through the process. We need the Saidian framework to comprehend the well-established analyses of Mahfouz’s works in a new light and realize that his writing is no mere rumination on Egypt’s sociopolitical situation. Rather, it is his primary means of obstructing power through revealing its ways in his society.
The Bleak Romance of Taḥliya Street
Authors: Menoret Pascal , Menoret Pascal , Samin and Nadav
Published: May 2013

Popular culture in the oil-exporting countries of the Arabian Peninsula is often seen as being caught between religiosity and conspicuous consumption. Mosques and shopping malls populate stereotypical descriptions of modern cities in the region, from Mecca to Dubai and from Abu Dhabi to Riyadh. Yet popular culture cannot be reduced to theme parks and taped sermons, rollercoasters, and pilgrimages. This paper introduces a kasra, which is a popular musical form used by Saudi youth to voice their desires, dissatisfaction and protests. This particular song, entitled ‘At-Taḥliya’, draws its name from a famous avenue of the Saudi capital, and touches upon same-sex love, unemployment, and economic hardship. A detailed introduction is followed by the transliteration of the song and its English translation.
Reconsidering Genocidal Intent in the Interest of Prevention
Authors: Strauss Ekkehard
Published: May 2013

Early establishment of evidence for genocidal intent would allow responses in the context of R2P, targeted specifically at the prevention of genocide and focus scarce resources and limited political will. This article is an attempt to develop an interpretation of genocidal intent that supports the application of the obligation to prevent genocide in future situations. Past examples, including the situations in Rwanda and Darfur, demonstrated that the interpretation of genocidal intent has important implications for the application of the obligation to prevent genocide under the Convention. While some of the challenges can be traced back to the drafting history of the Convention, a review of the Travaux Preparatoire reveals very limited cross-references between the discussions on intent and considerations of the obligation to prevent genocide. Since the drafting of the Convention there have been significant developments in the interpretation and application of genocidal intent by national and international courts, and in the development of methodology and institutions for early-warning and early action to respond to situations at risk of genocide. International and national courts would have to acknowledge their role in assisting national and international entities in implementing the obligation to prevent and punish genocide by opting for a ‘prevention-friendly’ interpretation and ensuring punishment as early as possible during unfolding events of genocide through the application of genocidal intent. The interpretation of intent must be opened to subsume relevant precursors of genocide into the definitions of article II and III of the Convention. The interpretation of intent has to evolve over time to link well-established risk factors with the acts of genocide spelled out in the Convention.
Skepticism and Circular Arguments
Authors: Johnson Daniel M.
Published: May 2013

Perhaps the most popular and historically important way of responding to skepticism is by an appeal to non-inferential justification. A problem with this sort of response is that while it may constitute a response to skepticism, it does not constitute a response to the skeptic. At some point, the anti-skeptic must simply fall silent, resigned to the fact that his or her non-inferential justification for the belief challenged by the skeptic is not communicable. I want to point out a possible solution to this problem. I will argue that, in certain circumstances, it is possible to adduce circular arguments which are nevertheless rationally persuasive, and that the anti-skeptic may employ these arguments in lieu of simply falling silent when a non-inferentially justified belief is challenged. The almost universal assumption among philosophers that epistemically circular arguments are rationally useless is mistaken, and this fact can be utilized by the clever anti-skeptic.
The Defect in Effective Skeptical Scenarios
Authors: Murphy Peter
Published: May 2013

What epistemic defect needs to show up in a skeptical scenario if it is to effectively target some belief? According to the false belief account, the targeted belief must be false in the skeptical scenario. According to the competing ignorance account, the targeted belief must fall short of being knowledge in the skeptical scenario. This paper argues for two claims. The first is that, contrary to what is often assumed, the ignorance account is superior to the false belief account. The second is that the ignorance account ultimately hobbles the skeptic. It does so for two reasons. First, when this account is joined with either a closure-based skeptical argument or a skeptical underdetermination argument, the best the skeptic can do is show that we don’t know that we know. And second, the ignorance account directly implies the maligned KK principle.
Skepticism, A Priori Skepticism, and the Possibility of Error
Authors: Vahid Hamid
Published: May 2013

Epistemologists have differed in their assessments of what it is in virtue of which skeptical hypotheses succeed in raising doubts. It is widely thought that skeptical hypotheses must satisfy some sort of possibility constraint and that only putative knowledge of contingent and a posteriori propositions is vulnerable to skeptical challenge. These putative constraints have been disputed by a number of epistemologists advocating what we may call “the non-standard view.” My main concern in this paper is to challenge this view by identifying a general recipe by means of which its proponents generate skeptical scenarios. I will argue that many of the skeptical arguments that are founded on these scenarios undermine at most second-order knowledge and that to that extent the non-standard view’s rejection of the standard constraints on skeptical hypotheses is problematic. It will be argued that, pace the non-standard view, only in their error-inducing capacities can skeptical hypotheses challenge first-order knowledge. I will also dispute the non-standard view’s claim that its skeptical arguments bring to light a neglected form of radical skepticism, namely, “a priori skepticism.” I conclude by contending that the non-standard view’s account of how skeptical hypotheses can raise legitimate doubt actually rides piggyback on the standard ways of challenging the possibility of knowledge.
A Problem for the Closure Argument
Authors: Atkins Philip , Nance Ian
Published: May 2013

Contemporary discussions of skepticism often frame the skeptic’s argument around an instance of the closure principle. Roughly, the closure principle states that if a subject knows p, and knows that p entails q, then the subject knows q. The main contention of this paper is that the closure argument for skepticism is defective. We explore several possible classifications of the defect. The closure argument might plausibly be classified as begging the question, as exhibiting transmission failure, or as structurally inefficient. Interestingly, perhaps, each of these has been proposed as the correct classification of Moore’s proof of an external world.
The Chinese Army in the First Burma Campaign
Authors: Chen Li
Published: May 2013

Abstract

The article analyzes the performance of the Chinese Nationalist army in the First Burma Campaign in 1942. This combat demonstrated new challenges that faced the Chinese army. After more than four years of fighting, a weakened Chinese army struggled to open a new front in the remote southwestern border area and Burma. The Chinese forces deployed in Burma included some of the best Chinese divisions, but the rest were ordinary or even weak formations. Hence their performance in Burma was no better than those back in China. Their doctrine of defense in depth (and their tactics) did not suit warfare in Burma. Although they succeeded in defending Toungoo for ten days, in other engagements the Chinese units failed to halt the Japanese. They suffered further losses during the retreat since they were not familiar with jungle warfare. In addition, the Chinese troops did not handle their relations with the British forces and local Burmese population well. These failures contributed to the collapse of the front.
Book Reviews
Authors: KITLV Redactie
Published: May 2013

- T.W. Kamil, E.M. Uhlenbeck, De Systematiek der Javaanse Pronomina. Verhandelingen van het Koninklijk Instituut voor Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde, vol. XXX. ‘s-Gravenhage, Martinus Nijhoff, 1960. 63 p.- J. Noorduyn, Hans Kähler, Grammatik der Bahasa Indonésia, mit Chrestomathie und Wörterverzeichnis. Otto Harrassowitz. Wiesbaden 1956. VII + 307pp.- J.L. Swellengrebel, J.H. Hooykaas-v. Leeuwen Boomkamp, Ritual purification of a Balinese temple. Verhand. Kon. Nederl. Ak. v. Wetenschappen, Afd. Letterk., N.R. LXVIII, no. 4. 38 blz. tekst, 41 blz. afbeeldingen en register.- L. Kok, Bernhard H.M. Vlekke, Nusantara. A history of Indonesia. Wholly revised edition. W. van Hoeve Ltd, The Hague and Bandung, 1959; VIII, 479 p.- W. Ph. Coolhaas, B.H.M. Vlekke, Corrigenda op Nusantara, A history of Indonesia. Wholly revised edition. W. van Hoeve Ltd, The Hague and Bandung, 1959; VIII, 479 p.- S. Kooijman, C.A. Valentine, Masks and men in a Melanesian Society. The Valuku or Tubuan of the Lakalai of New Britain. University of Kansas Publications, Social Science Studies, 1961. Lawrence, Kansas, 76 pp., 2 kaarten, 18 foto’s en 3 kleurenproducties van tekeningen.- P. van Emst, A.P. Vayda, Maori warfare. Polynesian Society Maori Monographs No. 2. The Polynesian Society Inc. Wellington 1960. 141 pp.- ,
Book Reviews
Authors: Mohr R.J. , Schmitz Carl A. , Josselin de Jong P.E. , Quaritch Wales H.G. , Graaf H.J. , Tregonning K.G. , Kooyman S. , Larsson Karl Erik , Teeuw A. , Kähler Hans , Teeuw A. , Teeuw A. , Asraf . , Teeuw A. , Muhammad Ali Hasan , Teeuw A. , Teeuw A. , Shakespeare William , Teeuw A. , Haji Ahmad Ali , Cranstone B.A.L. , Kooyman S.
Published: May 2013

- R.J. Mohr, Carl A. Schmitz, Historische probleme in Nordost-Neuguinea. Huon-Halbinsel. Franz Steiner Verlag GMBH. Wiesbaden. 1960. 425 Pp., 43 Abbildungen, 9 karten und 1 Faltkarte. Studien zur Kulturkunde 16. Band. - P.E. de Josselin de Jong, H.G. Quaritch Wales, Prehistory and religion in South-East Asia. Bernard Quaritch Ltd., London 1957. 175 pp. text, 24 figs., 2 plates. - H.J. de Graaf, K.G. Tregonning, Under chartered company rule (North Borneo 1881-1946). University of Malaya Press, Singapore, 1958. 222 pp. tekst, 3 ills., 2 krtn. - S. Kooyman, Karl Erik Larsson, Fijian Studies. Etnologiska Studier, 25. Göteborg, 1960. 147 pag., 65 ills. - A. Teeuw, Hans Kähler, Ethnographische und linguistische studien über die Orang darat, Orang akit, Orang laut und Orang utan im Riau-Archipel und auf den Inseln an der Ostküste von Sumatra. Veröffentlichungen des Seminars für Indonesische und Südseesprachen der Universität Hamburg. Band 2. Berlin 1960. VI + 294 pp. - A. Teeuw, Ali Haji Ahmad, Puisi Baharu Melayu (Zaman Permulaan). Disusun oleh: Ali Haji Ahmad. Siri Sastera DBP. Bil. 4. Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka....Kuala Lumpur 1959. XV + 60 pp. - A. Teeuw, William Shakespeare, Romeo dan Julia, di-terjemahkan oleh Trisno Sumardjo. Oxford University Press, Kuala Lumpur 1960. X + 150 pp. - A. Teeuw, Chepu Kenchana. Antoloji cherita2 pendek dunia. Pengenalan dan anotasi oleh Derwent May. Kata pengantar oleh Asraf. Oxford University Press, Kuala Lumpur 1960. 196 pp. - A. Teeuw, Hasan bin Muhammad Ali, Musafir. Siri Sastera DBP Bil. 3....Kuala Lumpur 1959. 142 pp. - A. Teeuw, Asraf, Mekar dan Segar. Bunga rampai cherita-cherita pendek angkatan baru. Di-pileh dan di-bicharakan oleh Asraf. Oxford University Press, Kuala Lumpur 1959. XV + 157 pp. - A. Teeuw, Cherita pendek DBP. Siri Sastera DBP Bil. 2. Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka...Kula Lumpur 1958. 180 pp. - B.A.L. Cranstone, S. Kooyman, The art of Lake Sentani. Museum of Primitive Art, New York 1959. 64 pp., 117 ills.
Book Reviews
Authors: Bernert Kempers A.J. , Wertheim W.F. , Gullick J.M. , Gros Clark W.E. , Maxwell Churchward C. , Swellengrebel J.L. , Kooijman S. , Funke Friedrich W. , Capell A. , Uhlenbeck E.M. , Uhlenbeck E.M. , Belo Jane , Verstraelen M.E.J.G. , Josselin de Jong P.E. , Uhlenbeck E.M. , Bosch F.D.K. , Bodrogi Tibor , Koenigswald G.H.R. , Josselin de Jong P.E. , Uhlenbeck E.M. , Djamour Judith , Klieneberger H.R.
Published: May 2013

- J.L. Swellengrebel, Jane Belo, Trance in Bali. Columbia University Press, New York 1960. XIII en 284 blz. tekst, 32 blz. foto’s.- P.E. de Josselin de Jong, J.M. Gullick, Indigenous Political Systems of Western Malaya. L.S.E. Monographs on Social Anthropology, no. 17. University of London, The Athlone Press, London 1958. 145 pp.- P.E. de Josselin de Jong, Judith Djamour, Malay kinship and marriage in Singapore. L.S.E. Monographs on Social Anthropology, No. 21. University of London, The Athlone Press, London 1959. 147 pp.- F.D.K. Bosch, A.J. Bernert Kempers, Ancient Indonesian Art. C.P.J. van der Peet, Amsterdam, 1959. 124 blz., 353 pl.- E.M. Uhlenbeck, M.E.J.G. Verstraelen, De bijwoordelijke bepalingen van het werkwoord in enkele Indonesische talen, diss. Utrecht 1955.- E.M. Uhlenbeck, A. Capell, A linguistic survey of the South-Western Pacific. South Pacific Commission Technical Paper no. 70, Noumea, New Caledonia, 1957. IX + 210 pp. with 17 maps.- E.M. Uhlenbeck, C. Maxwell Churchward, Tongan Grammar 1953, Tongan Dictionary 1959, Oxford University Press.- S. Kooijman, Tibor Bodrogi, Oceanian Art. With 160 photographs and 10 colour plates of objects in the custody of the Ethnographical Museum of Budapest. Budapest, 1959.- E.M. Uhlenbeck, H.R. Klieneberger, Bibliography of Oceanic Linguistics. London Oriental Bibliographies Vol. I, 1957.- W.F. Wertheim, Friedrich W. Funke, Dämmerung über Indonesien. Streifzüge durch Sumatra, Java, Bali und Celebes. Carl Schünemann Verlag, Bremen, 1959; 250 pp., 40 blz. foto’s.- G.H.R. von Koenigswald, W.E. le Gros Clark, The antecedents of man. Edinburgh University Publications, Science and Mathematics Texts 2, 1959, pp. 1-374, 152 textfiguren.
Book Reviews
Authors: Lichtveld Ursy M. , Teeuw A. , Kähler Hans , Kunst Jaap , Jones A.M. , Teeuw A. , Kähler Hans , Hoff B.J.
Published: May 2013

- Jaap Kunst, A.M. Jones, Studies in African Music. Londen, Oxford University Press, New York Toronto Capetown, 1959; vol. I xii + 290 p.; 12 ill.; drawings; musical examples; vol. II viii + 238 p. scores.- B.J. Hoff, Ursy M. Lichtveld, Suriname: Spiegel der vaderlandse kooplieden, Een historicsh leesboek. Zwolse drukken en herdrukken voor de Maatschappij der Nederlandse letterkunde te Leiden. Nr. 22. W.E.J. Tjeenk Willink, Zwolle, 1958., Jan Voorhoeve (eds.)- A. Teeuw, Hans Kähler, Die Sichule-Sprache auf der Insel Simalur an der Westküste von Sumatra. Afrika und Übersee Beiheft 27, Berlin 1955; 75 pp.- A. Teeuw, Hans Kähler, Vergleichendes Wörter-Verzeichnis der Sichule-Sprache auf der Insel Simalur an der Westküste von Sumatra. Veröffentlichungen des Seminars für Indonesische und Südseesprachen der Universität Hamburg. Band 1, Berlin 1959; III en 90 pp.
Book Reviews
Authors: Bosch F.D.K. , Casparis J.G. , Needham Rodney , Dumont Louis , Baal J. , Schlesier Erhard , Köbben A.J.F. , Adamson Hoebel E. , Kooijman S. , Emst P. , Kooijman S. , Heyerdahl Thor
Published: May 2013

- F.D.K. Bosch, J.G. de Casparis, Prasasti Indonesia diterbitkan oleh Dinas Purbakala Republik Indonesia 11. - Selected Inscriptions from the 7th to the 9th century A.D., Masa Baru, Bandung, 1956, 395 pp. - Rodney Needham, Louis Dumont, Une sous-caste de l’Inde du Sud: organisation sociale et religion des Pramalai Kallar. Paris 1957 (École Pratique des Hautes Etudes). vi + 460 pp., 38 photographic plates, 24 figures, maps. - J. van Baal, Erhard Schlesier, Die Melanesischen Geheimkulte. Untersuchung über ein Grenzgebiet der ethnologischen Religions - und Gesellschaftsforschung und zur Siedlungsgeschichte Melanesiens; Habilitationsschrift d. Universität Göttingen; Musterschmidt-Verlag, Göttingen 1958; 390 pag. - A.J.F. Köbben, E. Adamson Hoebel, Man in the primitive world; an introduction to anthropology. Mc-Graw-Hill Book Company, New York etc. 1958; 2e herziene druk. 678 pp. - S. Kooijman, P. van Emst, Geld in Melanesië. De functie van het monetaire element in een primitieve maatschappij. Dissertatie Amsterdam. Amsterdam, 1954. - S. Kooijman, Thor Heyerdahl, Aku-aku. Het mysterie van Paaseiland. Lochem, z.j. (Vertaling uit het Noors door N.G. Visser, H.D. Baars en Greta Baars-Jelgersma).
Book Reviews
Authors: Josselin de Jong P.E. , Tobing Philip Lumban , Reinsma R. , Bastin John , Hulsewé A.F.P. , Ride Lindsay
Published: May 2013

- P.E. de Josselin de Jong, Philip Lumban Tobing, The structure of the Toba-Batak belief in the high God. Amsterdam (Jacob van Campen) 1956. (Diss. Utrecht). 177 pp., map, plates, bibl. - R. Reinsma, John Bastin, The native policies of Sir Stamford Raffles in Java and Sumatra. An Economic Interpretation, Clarendon Press: Oxford University Press, 1957; 163 blz. - A.F.P. Hulsewé, Lindsay Ride, Robert Morrison, the scholar and the man, and illustrated catalogue of the exhibition held at the University of Hongkong...to commemorate the 150th anniversary of Robert Morrison’s arrival in China; Hongkong, 1957. VIII + 48 + 24 +pp.
Book Reviews
Authors: Schebesta P. , Teeuw A. , Tadao Kano , Wengen G.D. , Brown C.C. , Hood Mantle , Ouwehand C. , Fischer H. Th.
Published: May 2013

- A. Teeuw, C.C. Brown, Studies in country Malay, London 1956, XI and 259 pp.- C. Ouwehand, Kano Tadao, An illustrated ethnography of Formosan aborigines, Vol. I The Yami. Revised edition, Tokyo 1956, XII + 18 + 456 pp., Segawa Kokichi (eds.)- G.D. van Wengen, Mantle Hood, The nuclear theme as a determinant of patet in Javanese music, (Diss. Amsterdam 1954).- H. Th. Fischer, P. Schebesta, Die negrito Asiens. II: Ethnographie der Negrito. 1. Wirtschaft und Soziologie. (1954). 2. Religion und Mythologie. (1957). St-Gabriel-Verlag. Wien-Mödling.
Book Reviews
Authors: Ar-Raniri Nuruddin , Josselin de Jong P.E. , Jansen J. Victor , Drewes G.W.J. , Schrieke B. , Josselin de Jong J.P.B. , Bertling C. Tj. , Schmidt Wilhelm , Fischer H. Th. , Josselin de Jong P.E. , Heeren-Palm C.H.M. , Schmitz Carl A.
Published: May 2013

- J.P.B. de Josselin de Jong, J. Victor Jansen, Oorlog in een primitieve maatschappij. Een overzicht van de wijze van oorlog voeren en de motieven daarvoor bij de Iroquois, en een onderzoek naar de factoren, die ten grondslag lagen aan hun dominerende positie. Van de Rhee’s Drukkerij N.V., Rotterdam 1955. (Amsterd. dissertatie).- P.E. de Josselin de Jong, C.H.M. Heeren-Palm, Polynesische Migraties. J.A. Boom & Zoon, Meppel 1955. (Dissertatie Amsterdam).- P.E. de Josselin de Jong, B. Schrieke, Indonesian Sociological Studies. (Selected writings of B. Schrieke, Part One); W. van Hoeve Ltd, The Hague, Bandung 1955. 295 blz.- G.W.J. Drewes, Nuruddin ar-Raniri, Twee Maleise Geschriften van Nuruddin ar-Raniri, in facsimile uitgegeven met aantekeningen door P. Voorhoeve. Uitgaven van de Stichting De Goeje no. 16, Leiden, E.J. Brill, 1955. 43, 128, 27 blz.- C. Tj. Bertling, Carl A. Schmitz, Balam (Der Tanz- und kultplatz in Melanesien) Verlag Lechte-Emsdetten (Westf.) 1955. (184 blz.; 8 foto’s en kaart).- H. Th. Fischer, Wilhelm Schmidt, Das Mutterrecht. Studia Instituti Anthropos, X, 1955.
Book Reviews
Authors: Teeuw A. , Slametmuljana R.B. , Josselin de Jong J.P.B. , Voorhoeve J. , Drewes G.W.J. , Iskandar N. St. , Needham Rodney , Geddes W.R. , Coolhaas W. Ph. , Wright H.R.C.
Published: May 2013

- A. Teeuw, R.B. Slametmuljana, Poezie in Indonesia. Een literaire en taalkundige studie, Bibliothèque du Muséon, Leuven 1954, XVI en 248 pp. - J.P.B. de Josselin de Jong, J. Voorhoeve, Voorstudies tot een beschrijving van het Sranan Tongo (Negerengels van Suriname); N.V. Noord-Hollandsche Uitgevers Maatschappij, Amsterdam 1953. (Amsterd. dissertatie). - G.W.J. Drewes, N. St. Iskandar, Udjian Masa. J.B. Wolters’ Uitgevers Maatschappij, Djakarta-Groningen, 1952. 499 blz. - Rodney Needham, W.R. Geddes, The Land Dayaks of Sarawak. London: H.M.S.O. (Colonial Research Studies No. 14) 1954, pp. 113; illustrations, diagrams, maps. - W. Ph. Coolhaas, H.R.C. Wright, Free trade and protection in the Netherlands, 1816-1830; A study of the first Benelux. Cambridge University Press, 1955, XI + 251 blz. - ,
Korte mededelingen
Authors: Lijf J.M. , Cowan H.K.J.
Published: May 2013

J.M. van Lijf, Het graf van de Luwu’se vorst Matinroë ri Malangke (met platen); H.K.J. Cowan, Een verbasterd Sentanisch oorsprongsverhaal?
Notulen
Authors: KITLV Redactie
Published: May 2013

Bestuursvergadering van 19 Januari 1952; Bestuursvergadering van 16 Februari 1952; Bestuursvergadering van 15 Maart 1952; Bestuursvergadering van 17 Mei 1952; Bestuursvergadering van 21 Juni 1952; Bestuursvergadering van 8 September 1952; Bestuursvergadering van 20 September 1952; Bestuursvergadering van 18 October 1952; Algemene vergadering van 15 Maart 1952
Book Reviews
Authors: Braasem W.A. , Hoop A.N.J. Th. à Th. , Pernis H.D. , Jager Gerlings J.H. , Josselin de Jong P.E. , Damsté H.T. , Drewes G.W.J. , Verheyen J.A.J.
Published: May 2013

- P.E. de Josselin de Jong, J.A.J. Verheyen, Het hoogste wezen bij de Manggaraiers (Studia Instituti Anthropos Vol. IV, Wien-Mödling 1951).- H.T. Damsté, W.A. Braasem, Volkspoezie uit Indonesie door W.A. Braasem en R. Nieuwenhuys. J.B. Wolters - Groningen, Djakarta - 1952. Vignetten van Gerard van der Voort naar motieven van Indonesische volkskunst., R. Nieuwenhuys (eds.)- G.W.J. Drewes, H.D. van Pernis, Woordenboek Bahasa Indonesia-Nederlands, 317 blz. kr. 8. J.B. Wolters, Groningen, Djakarta, 1950.- A.N.J. Th. à Th. van der Hoop, J.H. Jager Gerlings, Sprekende weefsels, studie over ontstaan en betekenis wan weefsels van enige Indonesische eilanden. Dissertatie Utrecht 1952.
Book Reviews
Authors: Mesman H.R. , Richardson Hanks Jane , Bosch F.D.K. , Wertheim W.F. , Kooyman S. , Galestin Th. P. , Shorto H.L. , Nooteboom C. , Gonda J. , Bosch F.D.K. , Lohuizen-de Leeuw J.E. , Mylius Norbert , Bosch F.D.K. , Lohuizen-de Leeuw J.E. , Nooteboom C.
Published: May 2013

- W.F. Wertheim, Het onderwijsbeleid in Nederlands-Indië 1900-1940. Een bronnenpublicatie (bew. door Dr. S.L. van der Wal). Wolters, Groningen 1963. 724 blz.- F.D.K. Bosch, J.E. van Lohuizen-De Leeuw, Indische skulpturen der sammlung Eduard von der Heydt. Beschreibender Katalog, Zürich, 1961.- F.D.K. Bosch, J.E. van Lohuizen-De Leeuw, Schätze aus Thailand. Katalog einer Ausstellung im Wallraf-Richarts-Museum zu Köln, 1963 (Einführung in die Kunst Thailands von J.E. van Lohuizen-De Leeuw, Amsterdam; Zur Thailändischen Malerei von Elizabeth Lyons, New York; Verzeichnis der ausgestellten Werke von M.C. Subhadradis Diskul, Bangkok)., Elizabeth Lyons, M.C. Subhadradis Diskul (eds.)- F.D.K. Bosch, Th. P. Galestin, Hedendaagse kunst van Bali uit het eigendom van H.M. de Koningin, de Rijksuniversiteit te Leiden en de heer Bonnet. Catalogus van de in 1962 in het Centraal Museum te Utrecht gehouden tentoonstelling.- C. Nooteboom, S. Kooyman, Ornamented bark-cloth in Indonesia. Mededelingen van het Rijksmuseum voor Volkenkunde, Leiden, No. 16, 1963; VI and 145 pp. 32 plates and 235 drawings.- C. Nooteboom, Norbert Mylius, Indonesische Textilkunst: batik, ikat und plangi. Verlag Notring der Wissensch. Verb. Österreichs, Wien 1964; 93 S., 36 Bilder.- H.R. Mesman, Jane Richardson Hanks, Maternity and its rituals in Bang Chan. Cornell Thailand Project. Data Paper: No. 51, Southeast Asia Program, Department of Asian Studies, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York. December 1963. 128 Seiten.- J. Gonda, H.L. Shorto, Linguistic comparison in South East Asia and the Pacific. (Collected Papers in Oriental and African Studies, School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London 1963; 159 pages.)
Book Reviews
Authors: KITLV Redactie
Published: May 2013

- L.G. Löffler, Hermann Niggemeyer, Kuttia Kond, Dschungel-Bauern in Orissa. (Ergebnisse der Frobenius-Expedition nach Indien 1955/56). Haar b. München: Klaus Renner Verlag 1964. 257 S. 32 Taf. 2 Faltktn. - J.C. Heesterman, J.M. Hondius, Pelgrimstocht door India. Mouton en Co, Den Haag - Parijs, 1962. 254 blz., ills. en tekeningen. - J.C. Heesterman, L. Dumont, Contributions to Indian sociology, no. VI, December 1962, Mouton & Co. Paris - The Hague., D. Pocock (eds.) - H. Th. Fischer, Kula, Tijdschrift van studenten in de kulturele antropologie en niet-Westerse sociologie. Administratie-adres: Hollandia N.V., Beukenlaan 20, Baarn. Abonnements. - ,
Book Reviews
Authors: Beerling R.F. , Pocock D.F.
Published: May 2013

- R.F. Beerling, D.F. Pocock, Social anthropology. Sheed and Ward, London & New York, 1961. 114 blz.
Pseudognaphalium munoziae (Gnaphalieae, Asteraceae): A new South American species from Chile
Authors: FREIRE SUSANA E. , MONTI CLAUDIA , MOREIRA-MUÑOZ ANDRÉS , BAYÓN NÉSTOR D.
Published: May 2013

Pseudognaphalium is a large genus with about 90 species distributed worldwide, but with most species in America, and some in Asia, and Africa. A new species, P. munoziae, from the north of Chile (Parinacota and Iquique provinces), is described and illustrated. Pseudognaphalium munoziae is similar to P. glandulosum but it is principally distinguished by its rosulate basal leaves which are longer than the upper, all of which are apically acute to subobtuse. A key to the species of dwarf Pseudognaphalium occurring in Chile is provided along with a map of their distribution.
A new species of Thismia (Thismiaceae) from Yunnan, China
Authors: LI HONG-QING , BI YU-KE
Published: May 2013

Thismia Griffith (1844: 221) usually grows among leaf litter in shady wet forests and comprises 47 small mycoheterotrophic species (Chiang & Hsieh 2011, Mancinelli et al. 2012). Individual plants live underground through most of the year, only emerging briefly to flower and fruit after periods of heavy rain (Ho et al. 2009). Although several species have been described in temperate regions, Thismia occurs mainly in tropical portions of America and Asia.
The (Bio)Technological Sublime
Authors: de Mul Jos
Published: May 2013

The notion of the sublime, which since the nineteenth century is one of the dominant aesthetic categories, is strongly connected with (the artistic representation of) overwhelming nature. In this article it is argued that in the course of the 20th century the sublime increasingly becomes entangled with the experience of technology. However, in the age of biotechnologies, such as genetic modification and synthetic biology, the sublime regains a natural dimension. Taking Eduard Kac’s Alba fluo rabbit (a ‘transgenic’ bunny, that resulted from the injection of green fluorescent protein of a Pacific jellyfish into the egg of an Albino rabbit) as an example, it will be argued that in the age of biotechnology the difference between nature, technology and art will gradually vanish, and new dimensions of the sublime will become manifest.
Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniaegenes expression in biofilms cultured under static conditions and in a drip-flow apparatus
Authors: Tremblay Yannick DN , Deslandes Vincent , Jacques Mario
Published: May 2013

Background

Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniaeis the Gram-negative bacterium responsible for porcine pleuropneumonia. This respiratory infection is highly contagious and characterized by high morbidity and mortality. The objectives of our study were to study the transcriptome ofA. pleuropneumoniaebiofilms at different stages and to develop a protocol to grow anA. pleuropneumoniaebiofilm in a drip-flow apparatus. This biofilm reactor is a system with an air-liquid interface modeling lung-like environment. Bacteria attached to a surface (biofilm) and free floating bacteria (plankton) were harvested for RNA isolation. Labelled cDNA was hybridized to a microarray to compare the expression profiles of planktonic cells and biofilm cells.

Results

It was observed that 47 genes were differentially expressed (22 up, 25 down) in a 4 h-static growing/maturing biofilm and 117 genes were differentially expressed (49 up, 68 down) in a 6h-static dispersing biofilm. The transcriptomes of a 4 h biofilm and a 6 h biofilm were also compared and 456 genes (235 up, 221 down) were identified as differently expressed. Among the genes identified in the 4 h vs 6h biofilm experiment, several regulators of stress response were down-regulated and energy metabolism associated genes were up-regulated. Biofilm bacteria cultured using the drip-flow apparatus differentially expressed 161 genes (68 up, 93 down) compared to the effluent bacteria. Cross-referencing of differentially transcribed genes in the different assays revealed that drip-flow biofilms shared few differentially expressed genes with static biofilms (4 h or 6 h) but shared several differentially expressed genes with natural or experimental infections in pigs.

Conclusion

The formation of a static biofilm byA. pleuropneumoniaestrain S4074 is a rapid process and transcriptional analysis indicated that dispersal observed at 6 h is driven by nutritional stresses. Furthermore,A. pleuropneumoniaecan form a biofilm under low-shear force in a drip-flow apparatus and analyses indicated that the formation of a biofilm under low-shear force requires a different sub-set of genes than a biofilm grown under static conditions. The drip-flow apparatus may represent the betterin vitromodel to investigate biofilm formation ofA. pleuropneumoniae.
The effects of smoke-free legislation on acute myocardial infarction: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Lin Hualiang , Wang Hongchun , Wu Wei , Lang Lingling , Wang Qinzhou , Tian Linwei
Published: May 2013

Background

Comprehensive smoke-free legislation has been implemented in many countries. The current study quantitatively examined the reduction in risk of acute myocardial infarction (MI) occurrence following the legislations and the relationship with the corresponding smoking prevalence decrease.

Methods

PubMed, EMBASE, and Google Scholar databases and bibliographies of relevant studies and reviews were searched for potential original studies published from January 1, 2004, through October 31, 2011. Meta-analysis was performed using a random effect model to estimate the overall effects of the smoking-free legislations. Meta-regression was used to investigate possible causes of heterogeneity in risk estimates.

Results

A total of 18 eligible studies with 44 estimates of effect size were used in this study. Meta-analysis produced a pooled estimate of the relative risk of 0.87 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.84 to 0.91). There was significant heterogeneity in the risk estimates (overall I2 = 96.03%, p<0.001). In meta-regression analysis, studies with greater smoking prevalence decrease produced larger relative risk (adjusted coefficient −0.027, 95% CI: -0.049 to −0.006, p=0.014).

Conclusion

Smoke-free legislations in public and work places were associated with significant reduction in acute MI risk, which might be partly attributable to reduced smoking prevalence.
Bilateral apical vertebral derotation technique by vertebral column manipulation compared with vertebral coplanar alignment technique in the correction of lenke type 1 idiopathic scoliosis
Authors: Sun Lin , Song Yueming , Liu Limin , An Yonggang , Zhou Chunguang , Zhou Zhongjie
Published: May 2013

Background

Widely used rod rotation and translation techniques for idiopathic scoliosis (IS) are effective in correcting spinal coronal deformity. Bilateral apical vertebral derotation technique by vertebral column manipulation (VCM) and vertebral coplanar alignment (VCA) technique are two strategies for three-dimensional (3D) correction for IS. The purpose of this study is to compare the post-surgical results and technical features of the bilateral apical vertebral derotation technique by VCM against the VCA technique in patients with Lenke type 1 IS.

Methods

Forty-eight patients with Lenke type 1 IS were enrolled in the present prospective clinical assay. They were divided into groups A (bilateral apical vertebral derotation technique by VCM, n=24) and B (VCA technique, n=24). Radiographic parameters measured before and after surgery included the Cobb angle, thoracic kyphosis, and apical vertebral rotation. Scoliosis Research Society (SRS)-22 scores were evaluated during the final follow-up. The differences in the demographics, surgical details, and radiographic measurements between the two groups were determined using a T test. The Mann–Whitney U test was used to evaluate the differences in the SRS-22 scores. A value of P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results

In the coronal plane, a significant difference was found in the correction rate of the major curve (group A: 84.8%, group B: 78.4%; P=0.045) and in the Cincinnati Correction Index between two groups (group A: 2.21, group B: 1.98; P=0.047). In the sagittal plane, no difference was found in the postoperative thoracic kyphosis between the two groups (P=0.328). In the transverse plane, no difference was found between the two groups in the correction rates of the rotation angle sagittal (P=0.298), rib hump (P=0.934), apical vertebral body-to-rib ratio (P=0.988), or apical rib spread difference (P=0.184). Patients underwent follow up for an average of 21.9 and 22.2 months in groups A and B, respectively. Results obtained at the final follow-up indicated no significant loss of correction. No differences were found in the SRS-22 scores between the two groups. No aortic or neurological complications were observed.

Conclusions

The 3D deformity of the spine was effectively corrected using the bilateral apical vertebral derotation technique by VCM and the VCA technique, and encouraging post-surgical results were obtained for patients with Lenke type 1 IS. The two techniques were effective in allowing 3D correctional force that was applied in different ways.
Adenosquamous carcinoma of the ampulla of Vater - a rare disease at unusual location
Authors: Yang Shang-Ju , Ooyang Chun-Hsiang , Wang Shang-Yu , Liu Yu-Yin , Kuo I-Min , Liao Chien-Hung , Wu Ting-Jung
Published: May 2013

Adenosquamous carcinoma is defined as a tumor in which both glandular and squamous elements are histologically malignant. Although some published studies have analyzed and discussed adenosquamous carcinomas, hybrid malignancy of the ampulla of Vater has rarely been discussed thus far in the literature. In this study, we report the case of a 64-year-old man who presented with jaundice and intermittent abdominal dull pain that persisted for several weeks. The patient was diagnosed with adenosquamous carcinoma of the ampulla of Vater and underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy. The final diagnosis was adenosquamous carcinoma of the ampulla of Vater, T3N1M0, stage IIB. Although R0 resection was performed, he had multiple liver metastases 2 months after the operation; he died 4 months later. Upon reviewing the medical records of our institute, we identified 4 patients who were diagnosed with adenosquamous carcinoma of the ampulla of Vater in the past 2 decades. We also identified only five reported cases of this lesion in the English literature. Adenosquamous carcinoma of the ampulla of Vater is a rare disease with a dismal prognosis. Surgical intervention does not appear to prolong patient survival. Early recurrence and distal metastasis may be encountered after surgery.
Viruses and neurodegeneration
Authors: Zhou Li , Miranda-Saksena Monica , Saksena Nitin K
Published: May 2013

Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) are chronic degenerative diseases of the central nervous system (CNS), which affect 37 million people worldwide. As the lifespan increases, the NDs are the fourth leading cause of death in the developed countries and becoming increasingly prevalent in developing countries. Despite considerable research, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Although the large majority of studies do not show support for the involvement of pathogenic aetiology in classical NDs, a number of emerging studies show support for possible association of viruses with classical neurodegenerative diseases in humans. Space does not permit for extensive details to be discussed here on non-viral-induced neurodegenerative diseases in humans, as they are well described in literature.

Viruses induce alterations and degenerations of neurons both directly and indirectly. Their ability to attack the host immune system, regions of nervous tissue implies that they can interfere with the same pathways involved in classical NDs in humans. Supporting this, many similarities between classical NDs and virus-mediated neurodegeneration (non-classical) have been shown at the anatomic, sub-cellular, genomic and proteomic levels suggesting that viruses can explain neurodegenerative disorders mechanistically. The main objective of this review is to provide readers a detailed snapshot of similarities viral and non-viral neurodegenerative diseases share, so that mechanistic pathways of neurodegeneration in human NDs can be clearly understood. Viruses can guide us to unveil these pathways in human NDs. This will further stimulate the birth of new concepts in the biological research, which is needed for gaining deeper insights into the treatment of human NDs and delineate mechanisms underlying neurodegeneration.
Feasibility of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation as an adjunct therapy for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Fulton Ashley S , Hill Alison M , Williams Marie T , Howe Peter RC , Frith Peter A , Wood Lisa G , Garg Manohar L , Coates Alison M
Published: May 2013

Background

There is evidence to support the use of supplementation with long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCn-3PUFA) from oily fish or fish oil for the treatment of various inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a progressive, terminal disease characterized by persistent airflow limitation, lung and systemic inflammation. To date, one randomized controlled trial has been published that assessed the efficacy of LCn-3PUFA in people with this condition. The aim of this article is to discuss the feasibility of conducting a trial to evaluate fish oil supplementation as adjunct therapy in people with COPD.

Methods/Design

A 16-week parallel, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled dietary supplementation trial will be evaluated. Forty participants meeting spirometric and clinical criteria for COPD will be recruited from metropolitan Adelaide, South Australia. Participants will be randomized by minimization, based on a score derived from the modified Medical Research Council Scale for breathlessness, to receive 6 g/day of fish oil (approximately 3.6 g/day of LCn-3PUFA), or placebo (6 g/day of corn oil) capsules. Feasibility outcomes (recruitment, retention, supplement adherence, and time lost to exacerbation) and scientific outcomes (effect size and estimates of variance for inflammatory biomarkers, incorporation of LCn-3PUFA into erythrocytes, small airways function, dyspnea and functional exercise capacity) will be assessed pre- and post-intervention. Key feasibility criteria include recruitment of 40 participants in 52 weeks, 75% participant retention rate, 2% increase in the proportion of long-chain omega-3 fatty acids in erythrocytes, and a positive moderate effect size in at least three efficacy measures.

Discussion

There are a number of challenges in designing supplementation intervention studies with this population. These include the lack of prior data from which to select appropriate primary outcomes or to estimate effect sizes, and the feasibility of continuous supplementation in a population characterized by multiple comorbidities and a high likelihood of exacerbations, potentially requiring hospitalization or change in medication. Upon completion of this protocol, feasibility outcomes will guide the direction of future multicentre dietary interventions in this population.

Trial registration

Australia and New Zealand Clinical Trials Register (ANZCTR): ACTRN12612000158864
Comparison of four skin preparation strategies to prevent catheter-related infection in intensive care unit (CLEAN trial): a study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Goudet Véronique , Timsit Jean-François , Lucet Jean-Christophe , Lepape Alain , Balayn Dorothée , Seguin Sabrina , Mimoz Olivier
Published: May 2013

Background

Catheter-related infection is the third cause of infections in intensive care units (ICU), increasing the length of stay in ICU and hospital, mortality, and costs. Skin antisepsis is one of the most prevalent preventive measures. In this respect, it would appear preferable to recommend the use of alcoholic povidone iodine or chlorhexidine rather than aqueous povidone iodine. However, the data comparing chlorhexidine to povidone-iodine, both of them in alcoholic solutions, remain limited. Moreover, the benefits of enhanced cleaning prior to disinfection of skin that is not visibly soiled have yet to be confirmed in a randomized study.

Methods

A prospective multicenter, 2×2 factorial, randomized-controlled, assessor-blind trial will be conducted in 11 intensive care units in six French hospitals. All adult patients aged over 18 years requiring the insertion of at least one peripheral arterial catheter and/or a non-tunneled central venous catheter and/or a hemodialysis catheter and/or an arterial pulmonary catheter will be randomly assigned to have all their catheters cared with one of four skin preparation strategies (2% chlorhexidine/70% isopropyl alcohol or 5% povidone iodine/69% ethanol with or without prior skin scrubbing). At catheter removal, catheter tips will be quantitatively cultured. Sets of aerobic and anaerobic blood cultures will be routinely obtained when a patient has fever, hypothermia, or other indications. In case of suspected catheter-related infection the patient’s form will be reviewed by an independent adjudication committee. We plan to enroll 2,400 patients (4,800 catheters). The main objective is to demonstrate that use of 2% alcoholic chlorhexidine compared to 5% alcoholic povidone iodine in skin preparation lowers the rate of catheter-related infection. The second endpoint is to demonstrate that enhanced skin cleaning prior to disinfection of skin that is not visibly soiled does not reduce catheter colonization. Other outcomes include comparison of skin colonization at catheter insertion site, comparison of catheter colonization and catheter-related bacteremia taking place during implementation of the four strategies of skin preparation, and cutaneous tolerance, length of hospitalization, mortality, and costs.

Discussion

This study will help to update recommendations on the choice of an antiseptic agent to use in skin preparation prior to insertion of a vascular catheter and, by extension, of an epidural catheter and it will likewise help to update recommendations on the usefulness of skin scrubbing prior to disinfection when the skin is not visibly soiled.

Trial registration

Clinicaltrials.gov number NCT01629550
Effectiveness of additional self-care acupressure for women with menstrual pain compared to usual care alone: using stakeholder engagement to design a pragmatic randomized trial and study protocol
Authors: Blödt Susanne , Schützler Lena , Huang Wenjing , Pach Daniel , Brinkhaus Benno , Hummelsberger Josef , Kirschbaum Barbara , Kuhlmann Kirsten , Lao Lixing , Liang Fanrong , Mietzner Anna , Mittring Nadine , Müller Sabine , Paul Anna , Pimpao-Niederle Carolina , Roll Stephanie , Wu Huangan , Zhu Jiang , Witt Claudia M
Published: May 2013

Background

Self-care acupressure might be successful in treating menstrual pain, which is common among young women. There is a need for comparative effectiveness research with stakeholder engagement in all phases seeking to address the needs of decision-makers. Our aim was to design a study on the effectiveness of additional self-care acupressure for menstrual pain comparing usual care alone using different methods of stakeholder engagement.

Methods

The study was designed using multiple mixed methods for stakeholder engagement. Based on the results of a survey and focus group discussion, a stakeholder advisory group developed the study design.

Results

Stakeholder engagement resulted in a two-arm pragmatic randomized trial. Two hundred and twenty women aged 18 to 25 years with menstrual pain will be included in the study. Outcome measurement will be done using electronic questionnaires provided by a study specific mobile application (App). Primary outcome will be the mean pain intensity at the days of pain during the third menstruation after therapy start.

Conclusion

Stakeholder engagement helped to develop a study design that better serves the needs of decision makers, including an App as a modern tool for both intervention and data collection in a young target group.

Trial registration

Clinicaltrials.gov identifier http://NCT01582724
Proximal metatarsal osteotomy for hallux valgus: an audit of radiologic outcome after single screw fixation and full postoperative weightbearing
Authors: Mittag Falk , Leichtle Ulf , Meisner Christoph , Ipach Ingmar , Wülker Nikolaus , Wünschel Markus
Published: May 2013

Background

Proximal metatarsal osteotomy combined with a distal soft‐tissue procedure is a common treatment for moderate to severe hallux valgus. Secure stabilisation of the metatarsal osteotomy is necessary to avoid complications such as delayed union, nonunion or malunion as well as loss of correction. The aim of this study was to report our results using a single screw for stabilisation of the osteotomy.

Methods

We retrospectively reviewed 151 patients with severe hallux valgus who were treated by the above mentioned way with full postoperative weightbearing in a stiff soled shoe. Mean age of patients at time of surgery was 54 years, 19 patients were male and 132 female. Assessment of clinical and radiographic results was performed after 2 days and 6 weeks. Results were also correlated to the experience of the performing surgeon.

Results

Mean preoperative HVA (hallux valgus angle) was 36.4 degrees, and then 3.5 degrees 2 days and 13.4 degrees 6 weeks after the procedure (p < 0.001). Mean preoperative IMA (intermetarsal angle) was 16.8 degrees, and then 6.4 degrees after 2 days and 9.8 degrees after 6 weeks (p < 0.001). Mean preoperative first metatarsal length of 56.4 mm decreased to 53.6 mm after 6 weeks. Possible non‐union of the osteotomy was observed in 4 patients (2.6%) after 6 weeks. Performing residents (n = 40) operated in 65 minutes and attending surgeons (n = 111) in 45 minutes, with no significant differences in radiographic measurements between both groups.

Conclusions

Single screw stabilisation of proximal chevron osteotomy is a reliable method for treating severe hallux valgus deformities with satisfactory results.