bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
What we known about grounded theory in rural tourism studies?
Authors: Lima Fernanda Évilin de Jesus Fortunato , Binotto Erlaine , Grechi Dores Cristina , De Oliveira Paulo Cristiano , Cremon Thais
Published: April 2024

Grounded Theory is a qualitative research method suitable for the extraction and interpretation of organized concepts presented in the form of formal or substantive theory. This method has been employed in various fields. Internationally, researchers in the tourism field have been using Grounded Theory in their studies. Rural tourism has been considered a relevant segment of the economy as it provides diversification of activities on rural properties, generating new sources of income. The aim of this article is to identify the use and application of the Grounded Theory method in research on rural tourism and tourist routes. To achieve this, an integrative review of the literature was conducted, considering articles from the Scopus, Web of Science, Science Direct, and Scielo databases from 2017 to 2022. The results show that the majority of studies do not clearly specify the approach used, whether it's classical, Straussian, or constructivist. Regarding the method's characteristics, the studies utilize the method partially, incorporating elements such as coding, constant comparison, memos and diagrams. Discussions on rural tourism are situated within the realm of public-private partnerships, the development of tourist regions, the context of the Covid-19 pandemic, with a perspective on restructuring a tourist destination, and tourist behavior. This integrative review provides information and insights on the topic and offers knowledge about the application of Grounded Theory, sparking interest for other researchers to adopt this method.
Advancing Vehicular Independence for the Visually Impaired Through Smart Technology
Authors: Nasser Nidal , Ali Asmaa , Karim Lutful , Al-Helali AbdulAziz
Published: April 2024

This paper introduces an integrated framework comprising emerging technologies to provide easy-to-use, effective, and smart transit services for visually impaired people (VIP). This framework uses IoT, IoD, GPS, crowdsensing, audio and video recording for collecting data about VIPs, and a central cloud server to process those data for a quick response to the request of VIP. A mobile application is used by VIPs to coordinate different components of this framework. Most existing mobile applications [1 – 31] provide very basic information to VIPs using Google location services and do not include these technologies. Moreover, most of these existing applications use artificial intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) algorithms for data processing, analysis, and decision-making. The proposed framework uses AI and ML-based algorithms that make the framework more efficient in terms of faster decision-making and response to VIPs.
Microeconomic and Macroeconimic Systems
Authors: Forsman Tom Mikael Ingmar , Forsman Jari Mikael Böling
Published: April 2024

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Neoclassical Theory of Atoms
Authors: Punnery Sudeer
Published: April 2024

The "Neoclassical Theory of Atoms" challenges the dominance of quantum mechanics in explaining certain atomic phenomena. This work argues that a classical approach, utilizing electromagnetic Coulomb forces and Newtonian mechanics, can potentially account for discrete energy levels and spectral lines observed in hydrogen and helium atoms. It questions the necessity of invoking the seemingly counterintuitive aspects of quantum mechanics for these specific phenomena. By demonstrating the potential of a classical framework, this research aims to stimulate debate and exploration of alternative explanations within physics. This could potentially lead to a deeper understanding of the nature of reality and the limitations (or potential for expansion) of current physical theories.
Debris Flow Susceptibility Evaluation Based on Multi-level Feature Extraction CNN Model: A Case Study of Nujiang Prefecture, China
Authors: Wang Xu , Wang Baoyun , Yuan Ruohao , Luo Yumeng , Liu Cunxi
Published: April 2024

Debris flow susceptibility evaluation plays a crucial role in the prevention and control of debris flow disasters. Therefore, this article proposes a convolutional neural network model named multi-level feature extraction network (MFENet). First, a dual-channel CNN architecture incorporating
the Embedding Channel Attention mechanism is used to extract shallow features from both digital elevation model images and multispectral images. Subsequently, channel shuffle and feature concatenation are applied to the features from the two channels to obtain fused feature sets. Following
this, a deep feature extraction is performed on the fused feature sets using a residual module improved by maximum pooling. Finally, the susceptibility index of gullies to debris flows is calculated based on the similarity scores.
Conducting Problem-Based Learning Meta-Analysis: Complexities, Implications, and Best Practices
Authors: Walker Andrew , Leary Heather
Published: April 2024

Almost fifty years ago Barrows claimed that problem-based learning (PBL) was broad enough that a single methodological description was not possible (1986). It has only grown more complex since. In addition to meaningful variations of problem-based learning there are several related problem-centered pedagogies, such as case-based learning, project-based learning, and inquiry-based learning among others. Even within PBL primary research is conducted using a wide variation in measurement approaches, with diverse audiences, in a myriad of disciplines. Some of these challenges are unique and still pair with common meta-analysis challenges such as multiple definitions of “control groups,” pre-experimental designs, and multiple treatment designs. This intersection of complexity and common challenges makes PBL meta-analysis research particularly difficult. This article will explore best practices for conducting meta-analysis including search strategies, inclusion/exclusion criteria, asking clear research questions of the primary source literature, coding schemes, analysis techniques including key decisions of random vs. fixed effects models, analyzing publication bias and interpreting, presenting, and discussing results. Beginning with comprehensive coverage of the PBL meta-analysis and meta-synthesis contributions to date and suggestions for new meta-analysis work in PBL, we will mostly be devoted to the best meta-analysis practices alongside their implications unique to a PBL context.
Actividades de construcción sencillas desarrolladas por sistemas aéreos no tripulados
Authors: Becerra Yeyson , Sterpin Buitrago Dante Giovanni
Published: April 2024

Contexto: Los vehículos aéreos no tripulados (UAV, por sus siglas en inglés) han tomado gran relevancia en los últimos años, al integrarse en diversos sectores de la economía, como el agrícola, energético, público, construcción, entre otros. Precisamente, en este último sector, se han venido realizando avances que permiten la manipulación, transporte e identificación de elementos propios del sector, así como la cooperación entre distintos robots aéreos o robots terrestres para solucionar el problema de límite de carga, asociado a los UAV.
Método: Este trabajo está dividido en cuatro categorías en las que los UAV y los sistemas aéreos no tripulados (UAS, por su sigla en inglés) han aportado al desarrollo de actividades de construcción de forma autónoma. Se realiza una búsqueda exhaustiva mediante Google Scholar empleando palabras claves tales como “UAV”, “robotics”, “UAS”, “construction”, “cooperation”, “architecture” y “assembly”, las cuales permiten identificar trabajos desarrollados en este campo. En la búsqueda se realiza combinaciones entre las distintas palabras con el fin de reducir el amplio panorama que se presenta al utilizar tan solo una de ellas.
Resultados: Se obtiene un panorama de diversos sistemas aéreos no tripulados que ejecutan tareas simples que conlleven la automatización del sector de la construcción; en ese sentido, se enumeran las características, virtudes y limitantes actuales de estos sistemas, así como, los desafíos que se proponen a futuro.
Conclusiones: El mercado actual de UAV está orientado principalmente a sistemas teleoperados; sin embargo, centros de investigación han venido desarrollando UAV y UAS más autónomos. La baja capacidad de carga de estos sistemas ha sido compensada con la cooperación entre robots aéreos, terrestres e, inclusive, humanos. Dicha cooperación exige la creación de algoritmos que coordinen todos los agentes que intervienen en el sistema. Se deben tener en cuenta las condiciones del entorno de construcción, así como, la precisión y estabilidad de estos sistemas.
Optimización del proceso de fritura por inmersión en la obtención de snacks de manzana “Malus Domestica”
Authors: Acosta Castaño Mateo , Chávez Salazar Andrés , Castellanos Galeano Francisco Javier
Published: April 2024

Contexto: La producción promedio de manzana en el mundo durante el periodo de 2015 a 2019 fue de 84.722.560 toneladas, producción de la cual Colombia aportó un promedio de 3.523 toneladas, con el departamento de Santander siendo el máximo productor de esta fruta en el país. Dado que el 100 % de las manzanas producidas en esta región son consumidas frescas, resulta necesario explorar otras alternativas de transformación como la producción de snacks vía fritura por inmersión, con el control de las variables de operación como: fuerza impulsadora (∆T), tiempo de proceso (t) y presión del sistema (P).
Objetivo: El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar el efecto de la presión en el proceso de obtención de rodajas fritas de manzana “Malus domestica”.
Métodología: Las rodajas de manzana se sometieron a deshidratación osmótica (sacarosa 45 % y ácido cítrico 1 %) a dos temperaturas (20°C y 40°C) durante 240 minutos. Posteriormente, se sometieron a una fritura por inmersión bajo control de temperatura, tiempo de inmersión y presión del sistema. Para el diseño experimental, las variables de respuesta evaluadas fueron: cambio de color, contenido de humedad, contenido de grasa y análisis sensorial.
Resultados y conclusión: Las condiciones óptimas encontradas fueron: ∆T = 72,5 °C, t = 662,7 s y P = 36,1 kPa, que además representa cierta similitud sobre el tratamiento de la muestra sensorialmente mejor calificada.
Financiamiento: Universidad de Caldas.
Tratamiento de aguas residuales en Colombia y sistemas bioelectroquímicos: usos y perspectivas
Authors: Bustos Murillo Fabián Andrés , Pulido Aponte Álvaro Ervey , Rivera Escobar Hernan Mauricio
Published: April 2024

Contexto: En Colombia, la baja cobertura de plantas de tratamiento de aguas residuales conlleva a una compleja problemática ambiental, ya que estas aguas son usadas generalmente como sistemas de riego para cultivos y, en ocasiones, para el consumo humano en zonas rurales.
Objetivo: Informar acerca del saneamiento básico de las aguas residuales, los sistemas de tratamiento, el uso de microorganismos exoelectrogénicos en biorreactores, así como, los avances reportados frente al uso de los sistemas bioelectroquímicos y su posible implementación en Colombia.
Metodología: Se describe la capacidad y cobertura de los sistemas de tratamiento en las regiones del país; posteriormente, se presenta el fundamento teórico de los microorganismos que interactúan en los sistemas bioelectroquímicos; y se documenta el uso de esta tecnología para depurar contaminantes.
Resultados: El uso de bacterias exoelectroquímicas puede degradar carga orgánica contenida en las aguas residuales; los sistemas bioelectroquímicos aprovechan la capacidad de los microorganismos para transferir electrones a través de un circuito eléctrico por medio de voltaje, y obtener energía en forma de corriente eléctrica o combustibles con alto poder calorífico.
Conclusiones: La implementación de estos sistemas en Colombia requiere de inversión tecnológica, humana y de infraestructura en las principales plantas de tratamiento de aguas residuales, dada la complejidad y variabilidad de los fenómenos bioelectroquímicos asociados a la conversión de materia orgánica.
Optimization of Lemongrass Oil (Cymbopogon citratus) Emulsion with the Addition of Cethyl Alcohol as a Natural Cosurfactant
Authors: Pradasari Aprilina Siska , Paramita Vita
Published: April 2024

Lemongrass oil (Cymbopogon citratus) is a plant that produces essential oils as a raw material for fragrance in cosmetics and perfumes. This study aims to determine the optimum conditions for the preparation of Lemongrass oil-wall emulsion (Tween 80 and Cethyl Alcohol) and to determine the effect of the independent variable in the form of the ratio of lemongrass oil-wall to the viscosity produced using the Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The novelty in this research is lemongrass oil with the addition of Tween 80 and Cethyl Alcohol as natural cosurfactants. Tests were carried out with three independent variables, namely stirring time (15, 20 and 25 minutes), stirring speed (20,000, 22,000 and 24,000 rpm) and lemongrass oil-wall ratio (1:3, 1:4, 1:5), which will be designed with the RSM method to obtain optimum operating conditions. Based on the results obtained, the optimal formula for lemongrass oil emulsion is on the 14th running result, which has a pH value of 6.4; density of 0.852; viscosity of 15,450 cP, type M/A, homogeneous and good stability without any change in colour, aroma, and texture. The influence of the lemongrass oil-wall ratio variable, namely the ratio variable, obtained a P-value of 0.000005, which means it is smaller than the value of α = 0.05 so that it can be said that the ratio has a significant effect on the viscosity of the emulsion.
Production of Margarine from Rice Bran Oil and Palm Kernel Oil and Analysis of Physicochemical Properties
Authors: Oktaviani Rosiana , Paramita Vita
Published: April 2024

Rice bran oil is a healthy food that contains vitamins, antioxidants, and nutrients needed in the human body and is widely used in food and cosmetics. Rice bran oil in Indonesia has also not been widely utilized as a raw material for food products. Therefore, to change the economic value of rice bran oil can be used as a food product, one of which is margarine. This study aims to determine the optimum conditions for making margarine from rice bran oil and palm kernel oil. The tests carried out in this study were water content, fat content, and emulsion stability tests. In this study, margarine was made with three variables, namely the ratio of rice bran oil and palm kernel oil (80:20; 70:30), stirring time (30 minutes, 40 minutes), and margarine storage time (5 days, 10 days) which will be designed using Factorial Design method. Based on the results, the optimal margarine formula from rice bran oil and palm kernel oil is in the variable stirring time of 37 minutes and 30 seconds, oil ratio of 80:20, and storage time of 5 days. In the optimum sample, the value of fat content was 82.94 ± 0.08%, moisture content was 14.08 ± 0.14%, and emulsion stability was 91.15 ± 0.21%.
Efficiency of Betacyanin and Betaxanthin Extraction from Red Beets (Beta vulgaris L.) using Microwave-Assisted Extraction (MAE)
Authors: Pramudika Satya , Paramita Vita
Published: April 2024

Red beet pigments, betacyanin and betaxanthin, possess both health benefits and potential as natural colorants. This study investigated the efficacy of Microwave-Assisted Extraction (MAE) for their extraction from red beets. Pretreated beets were subjected to MAE employing varying microwave power levels (200, 400, and 600 W) and solvents (water, ethanol, and ethanol + citric acid). Betacyanin content varied from 23.77 to 59.28 mg/100g. Higher microwave power significantly increased betacyanin yield (p < 0.05), while the type of solvent did not exert a significant influence. Betaxanthin content was also affected by both microwave power and solvent polarity. Higher power settings and the more polar solvent mixture (ethanol + citric acid) resulted in greater extraction. These findings demonstrate the effectiveness of MAE for extracting both pigments from red beets, with optimal conditions dependent on the target compound of interest.
Marginalisasi dan Refleksi Sosial dalam Tiga Cerpen Kuntowijoyo: Kajian Sosiologi Sastra Marxis
Authors: Sugiarto Septian Rifki , Martini Laura Andri Retno
Published: April 2024

IntisariCerpen Kuntowijoyo merupakan cerpen yang menarik untuk dibahas. Hal itu didasari karena cerpen-cerpennya kerap membahas problematik kehidupan masyarakat bawah. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan latar belakang dan gambaran marginalisasi, serta mendeskripsikan realitas cerpen dengan realitas sosial masyarakat. Metode yang digunakan yaitu metode deskriptif kualitatif, dengan menggunakan teori sastra marxis Georg Lukacs. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa tema ketiga cerpen Kuntowijoyo memperlihatkan gambaran marginalisasi yang dialami masyarakat bawah (kelas proletar) oleh kelas borjuis. Selain itu, ketiga cerpen Kuntowijoyo tersebut merupakan sebuah produk karya sastra yang merefleksikan realitas sosial di dunia nyata. Masalah-masalah yang diangkat seperti marginalisasi terhadap masyarakat bawah dalam pola perekonomian (pasar), kemiskinan masyarakat desa, pertarungan dua kelas sosial: kelas borjuis dan proletar, dampak modernisasi dan industrialisasi bagi masyarakat desa, hubungan kusut Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat (DPR) atau pemimpin dengan rakyat, dan permasalahan lainnya merupakan beberapa cerminan atau representasi masalah sosial yang terjadi di masyarakat. Kata Kunci: Cerpen, Marginalisasi, Refleksi Sosial, Sastra Marxis Georg Lukacs, Kuntowijoyo
Perubahan Bahasa Thailand Akibat Penggunaan Aplikasi Facebook
Authors: Braheng Syarifah , Kepirianto Catur
Published: April 2024

Artikel ini meneliti  tentang perubahan bahasa Thai akibat dari menggunakan aplikasi facebook, dalam mempelajari penggunaan bahasa Thai di facebook ini pada tahun 2019 oleh mahasisa universitas rajaphat phetchaburi ,kelas 1-5 diantara usia 18-22 tahun, yang dianggap mewakili remaja usia yang suka hal baru ingin perbedaan dan menjadi kreatif. Studi ini menemukan bahawa penggunaan bahasa remaja di facebook adalah berbeda dari bahasa Thai standar, seperti bahasa gaul, penggunan bahasa lisan dalam bahasa tulis, ejaan, kata-kata yang salah dan lain-lain. Kebanyakan orang mungkin berpikir bahwa penggunaan jenis bahasa ini menyebabkan bahasa Thai gagal tetapi jika melihat sifat bahasanya setiap bahasa ada perubahan sesuai dengan berbagai faktor sosial yang harus lebih diperhatikan oleh masyarakat Thailand adalah penggunaan bahasa yang sesuai ,orang, keadaan, kesempatan dan situasi.
Penggunaan Varian Kode Bermakna Permintaan Tolong dalam Tuturan Mahasiswa Rantau Bawean di Surabaya
Authors: Mashitoh Maret  Arie , Suryadi Muhammad
Published: April 2024

The use of several languages about asking for help in the form of communication, Bawean overseas students have a worrying phenomenon about the variation of the language they use. The occurrence of variations in the language they use has an influence on the use of language. This study has a problem formulation, What is the form of the variants of languange about asking for help on Bawean overseas students in Surabaya? and What factors which influence the variants of languange used by Bawean overseas students in Surabaya. The purpose of this study is to describe the variants of asking for help languages on bawean overseas student in surabaya and the factors that influence the existence the variants of language that Bawean overseas students in Surabaya use when communicating. The method that use in this study is a qualitative descriptive method with data collection by observing and taking notes. The theory used by the researcher is code mixing by (Muysken, 2000) and code switching by (Suwito, 1983). The results showed that there were 4 variations language used by Bawean overseas students in Surabaya for asking for help, namely, Bawean language, Javanese language with Surabaya's dialect, Indonesian, and English. Factors that influence the variants of languages of bawean overseas students in Surabaya in the communication asked for help are the origin area of the speech, environmental factors, and familiarity factors.
Gangguan Obsesif Kompulsif pada Tokoh Utama dalam Novel Distance Blues karya Agustine W.
Authors: Putri Ade Tiya , Israhayu Eko Sri
Published: April 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perilaku gangguan obsesif kompulsif pada tokoh utama dalam novel Distance Blues karya Agustine W. Penelitian ini termasuk ke dalam penelitian kualitatif. Data dalam penelitian ini yaitu kata, frasa, kalimat, ungkapan, dan tindakan yang ada dalam novel Distance Blues karya Agustine W. yang terindikasi ada perilaku gangguan obsesif kompulsif. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini yaitu novel Distance Blues karya Agustine W. yang diterbitkan oleh penerbit bernama Ping pada tahun 2016. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik baca dan teknik catat. Teknik keabsahan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu triangulasi teori dan sumber data. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan yaitu reduksi data, penyajian data, dan menarik kesimpulan. Dalam penelitian ini peneliti menemukan ada beberapa jenis gangguan obsesif kompulsif pada tokoh utama, yaitu ketakutan akan kontaminasi, keragu-raguan ekstrem, mengupayakan kebersihan, mengupayakan keteraturan dan melakukan praktik repetitif.
Kehidupan di Balik Tembok Keraton: Representasi Gaya Hidup Abdi Dalem dalam Film Marak Tinjauan Semiotika John Fiske
Authors: Sholihah Alvia Mustafidatus , Alfin Jauharoti
Published: April 2024

Film merupakan salah satu media yang berpengaruh dalam pola pikir dan kehidupan masyarakat terutama berkenaan dengan pengetahuan kebudayaan. Banyak sineas Indonesia yang mengangkat film pendek tentang budaya Jawa untuk mendapatkan makna dan pesan di dalam film. Hal ini bertujuan agar masyarakat dapat menyerap pengetahuan dari penciptaan film pendek sehingga penonton tidak cepat bosan karena durasi yang singkat. Salah satu film pendek yang dijadikan objek penelitian ini adalah film Marak: Mresani Panji Sekar (2020). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kebiasaan dan gaya hidup para abdi dalem di balik tembok keraton Yogyakarta sebagaimana mestinya film ini mengajarkan pesan nilai etika (unggah-ungguh) tradisional. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori semiotika John Fiske dan pendekatan representasi Stuart Hall. Metode yang diterapkan yakni metode deskriptif kualitatif yang bersifat studi pustaka. Rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini yaitu bagaimana gambaran gaya hidup seorang abdi dalem di dalam keraton Yogyakarta yang dikemas dalam film Marak serta mengupas makna kode film yang ditinjau teori semiotika Fiske. Hasil penelitian ini dapat diuraikan berdasarkan tingkatan level kode semiotika Fiske diantaranya, level realitas yang terdapat pada kode penampilan, bahasa tubuh, dan lingkungan. Level representasi yang dikodekan yaitu kode shot dan dialog. Level ideologi yang ditunjukkann pada film Marak yaitu kelas dan/atau kepercayaan.
Naẓam Arjã: Suntingan Teks Disertai Kajian Intertekstual Dengan Naskah Mi’raj
Authors: Maghfiroh Dewi Prihatini , Muzakka Moh.
Published: April 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan intertekstual antara Naẓam Arjã dan Naskah Mi'raj. Teori yang digunakan adalah teori filologi, estetika puisi, dan intertekstual. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan inventarisasi naskah, sedangkan analisis data dilakukan dengan metode filologi dan analisis isi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kondisi NA masih baik dan layak dibaca. Dari hasil analisis estetika puisi, NA merupakan kategori matsnawi. Majas yang digunakan dalam NA didominasi oleh simile dan hiperbola. Dalam penelitian ini, dua objek penelitian digunakan, yaitu NA dan hasil suntingan Naskah Mi'raj sebagai teks perbandingan. Hasil studi intertekstual menunjukkan bahwa terjadi ekspansi, konversi, dan modifikasi.
A network approach to language learning burnout, negative emotions, and maladaptive emotion regulation strategies
Authors: Wang Yabing , Wang Na , Shen Bin
Published: April 2024

Despite the growing recognition of the impact of affective factors on second/foreign language (L2) learning, there remains a paucity of knowledge regarding academic burnout in L2 learning. Moreover, the intricate interplay between L2 burnout, maladaptive emotion regulation strategies, and negative L2 emotions remains inadequately explored. Given the increasing acknowledgment of network analysis as an advanced and appropriate method for unraveling the complex relationships among psychological constructs in applied linguistics, the current study aimed to investigate the network structure of burnout, maladaptive emotion regulation strategies, and negative emotions among 841 Chinese undergraduates who were learning English as a foreign language (EFL). The results of the network analysis revealed that shame, emotional exhaustion, and avoidance emerged as the most central nodes within negative emotions, burnout, and maladaptive emotion regulation strategies, respectively; shame, emotional exhaustion, and avoidance were also the most powerful bridging nodes linking the aforementioned three constructs. Notably, the robust bridging association between emotional exhaustion and anxiety was observed. Overall, Chinese EFL students may experience high levels of burnout and negative emotions and apply counter-productive regulation strategies in English learning, but these reactions are intertwined rather than independent of each other. Students who are overwhelmed by anxiety and shame are more prone to burnout symptoms, while those dominated by anger are more likely to vent it out. Theoretical and pedagogical implications are discussed.
Dual novel variants in CD40 leading to hyper IgM syndrome: a case report of a school-aged female with new-onset recurrent pneumonia
Authors: Chen Jason ZX , Dehmoobad Sharifabadi Anahita , Jenny Garkaby
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Hyper IgM (HIGM) syndrome is an inborn error of immunity (IEI) that occurs due to defects in immunoglobulin class switch recombination (Ig-CSR). HIGM syndrome typically presents with recurrent infections in early childhood, and is often characterized on investigation with decreased IgG, IgA, and IgE titres, alongside normal or elevated IgM. A common cause of HIGM syndrome is a disruption to the CD40-CD40 ligand (CD40L) interaction that triggers Ig-CSR, of which variants in CD40 are much rarer than those in CD40L. We present a case of an 11-year-old female with HIGM syndrome caused by two novel variants of in the CD40 gene.

Aim: To describe a case report of an eleven-year-old female with HIGM syndrome presenting with recurrent pneumonia.

Methods: Data was collected retrospectively from the patient’s medical records. Laboratory investigations included quantitative immunoglobulins, quantitative B and T cell subsets, genetic testing using a primary immunodeficiency panel, and a functional assay for CD40 expression.

Results: The proband is an 11-year-old female, who presented with recurrent pneumonia, otitis, and septic arthritis. Investigations revealed neutropenia, low IgA, elevated IgM and normal IgG, along with absent vaccine responses. She was identified to harbour two novel variants in CD40: an intronic variant c.52-13A>G p.(?) and a missense variant c.466T>C p.(Ser156Pro). Functional assay indicated low expression of CD40 compared to healthy control, confirming the diagnosis of CD40 deficiency.

Conclusion: Class switch defects, such as CD40 deficiency, are rare but significant diagnoses within the spectrum of IEI. This case demonstrates that despite the absence of some clinical red flags for immunodeficiency in infancy, IEIs remain an important consideration in pediatric patients regardless of age. Increasing clinical awareness of IEI will lead to earlier diagnoses, initiation of appropriate treatment, and prevention of potential complications.

Statement of novelty: We describe a patient with a late presentation of hyper IgM syndrome due to two novel variants in the CD40 gene, thus expanding the spectrum of CD40 gene variants.
Inhibition of superoxide and iNOS augment cutaneous nitric oxide‐dependent vasodilation in non‐Hispanic black young adults
Authors: Wong Brett J. , Turner Casey G. , Hayat Matthew J. , Otis Jeffrey S. , Quyyumi Arshed A.
Published: April 2024

We assessed the combined effect of superoxide and iNOS inhibition on microvascular function in non‐Hispanic Black and non‐Hispanic White participants (n = 15 per group). Participants were instrumented with four microdialysis fibers: (1) lactated Ringer's (control), (2) 10 μM tempol (superoxide inhibition), (3) 0.1 mM 1400 W (iNOS inhibition), (4) tempol + 1400 W. Cutaneous vasodilation was induced via local heating and NO‐dependent vasodilation was quantified. At control sites, NO‐dependent vasodilation was lower in non‐Hispanic Black (45 ± 9% NO) relative to non‐Hispanic White (79 ± 9% NO; p < 0.01; effect size, d = 3.78) participants. Tempol (62 ± 16% NO), 1400 W (78 ± 12% NO) and tempol +1400 W (80 ± 13% NO) increased NO‐dependent vasodilation in non‐Hispanic Black participants relative to control sites (all p < 0.01; d = 1.22, 3.05, 3.03, respectively). The effect of 1400 W (p = 0.04, d = 1.11) and tempol +1400 W (p = 0.03, d = 1.22) was greater than tempol in non‐Hispanic Black participants. There was no difference between non‐Hispanic Black and non‐Hispanic White participants at 1400 W or tempol + 1400 W sites. These data suggest iNOS has a greater effect on NO‐dependent vasodilation than superoxide in non‐Hispanic Black participants.
Value of fetal echocardiographic examination in pregnancies complicated by preterm premature rupture of membranes
Authors: Pasieczna Monika , Kuran-Ohde Joanna , Grzyb Agnieszka , Bokiniec Renata , Wójcik-Sęp Agata , Czajkowski Krzysztof , Szymkiewicz-Dangel Joanna
Published: April 2024

Objectives

Cardiopulmonary and infectious complications are more common in preterm newborns after preterm premature rupture of membranes (pPROM). Fetal echocardiography may be helpful in predicting neonatal condition. Our aim was to assess the cardiovascular changes in fetuses from pregnancies complicated by pPROM and possible utility in predicting the intrauterine or neonatal infection, and neonatal heart failure (HF).

Methods

It was a prospective study enrolling 46 women with singleton pregnancies complicated by pPROM between 18+0 and 33+6 weeks of gestation and followed until delivery. 46 women with uncomplicated pregnancies served as a control group. Fetal echocardiographic examinations with the assessment of cardiac structure and function (including pulmonary circulation) were performed in all patients.

Results

Mean gestational age of pPROM patients was 26 weeks. Parameters suggesting impaired cardiac function in fetuses from pPROM were: higher right ventricle Tei index (0.48 vs. 0.42 p<0.001), lower blood flow velocity in Ao z-score (0.14 vs. 0.84 p=0.005), lower cardiovascular profile score (CVPS), higher rate of tricuspid regurgitation (18.2 % vs. 4.4 % p=0.04) and pericardial effusion (32.6 vs. 0 %). Intrauterine infection was diagnosed in 18 patients (39 %). 4 (8.7 %) newborns met the criteria of early onset sepsis (EOS). HF was diagnosed in 9 newborns. In fetal echocardiographic examination HF group had shorter mitral valve inflow time and higher left ventricle Tei index (0.58 vs. 0.49 p=0.007).

Conclusions

Worse cardiac function was observed in fetuses from pPROM compared to fetuses from uncomplicated pregnancies.
Inhibition of Neuron-Restrictive Silencing Factor (REST/NRSF) Chromatin Binding Attenuates Epileptogenesis
Authors: Hall Alicia M. , Kamei Noriko , Shao Manlin , Mun Hyun-Seung , Chen Kevin , Chen Yuncai , Baram Tallie Z.
Published: April 2024

The mechanisms by which brain insults lead to subsequent epilepsy remain unclear. Insults including trauma, stroke, infections, and long seizures (status epilepticus, SE) increase the nuclear expression and chromatin binding of the neuron-restrictive silencing factor/RE-1 silencing transcription factor (NRSF/REST). REST/NRSF orchestrates major disruption of the expression of key neuronal genes, including ion channels and neurotransmitter receptors, potentially contributing to epileptogenesis. Accordingly, transient interference with REST/NRSF chromatin binding after an epilepsy-provoking SE suppressed spontaneous seizures for the 12 d duration of a prior study. However, whether the onset of epileptogenesis was suppressed or only delayed has remained unresolved. The current experiments determined if transient interference with REST/NRSF chromatin binding prevented epileptogenesis enduringly or, alternatively, slowed epilepsy onset. Epileptogenesis was elicited in adult male rats via systemic kainic acid-induced SE (KA-SE). We then determined if decoy, NRSF-binding–motif oligodeoxynucleotides (NRSE-ODNs), given twice following KA-SE (1) prevented REST/NRSF binding to chromatin, using chromatin immunoprecipitation, or (2) prevented the onset of spontaneous seizures, measured with chronic digital video-electroencephalogram. Blocking NRSF function transiently after KA-SE significantly lengthened the latent period to a first spontaneous seizure. Whereas this intervention did not influence the duration and severity of spontaneous seizures, total seizure number and seizure burden were lower in the NRSE-ODN compared with scrambled-ODN cohorts. Transient interference with REST/NRSF function after KA-SE delays and moderately attenuates insult-related hippocampal epilepsy, but does not abolish it. Thus, the anticonvulsant and antiepileptogenic actions of NRSF are but one of the multifactorial mechanisms generating epilepsy in the adult brain.
Cholinergic Neuromodulation of Prefrontal Attractor Dynamics Controls Performance in Spatial Working Memory
Authors: Mahrach Alexandre , Bestue David , Qi Xue-Lian , Constantinidis Christos , Compte Albert
Published: April 2024

The behavioral and neural effects of the endogenous release of acetylcholine following stimulation of the nucleus basalis (NB) of Meynert have been recently examined in two male monkeys (Qi et al., 2021). Counterintuitively, NB stimulation enhanced behavioral performance while broadening neural tuning in the prefrontal cortex (PFC). The mechanism by which a weaker mnemonic neural code could lead to better performance remains unclear. Here, we show that increased neural excitability in a simple continuous bump attractor model can induce broader neural tuning and decrease bump diffusion, provided neural rates are saturated. Increased memory precision in the model overrides memory accuracy, improving overall task performance. Moreover, we show that bump attractor dynamics can account for the nonuniform impact of neuromodulation on distractibility, depending on distractor distance from the target. Finally, we delve into the conditions under which bump attractor tuning and diffusion balance in biologically plausible heterogeneous network models. In these discrete bump attractor networks, we show that reducing spatial correlations or enhancing excitatory transmission can improve memory precision. Altogether, we provide a mechanistic understanding of how cholinergic neuromodulation controls spatial working memory through perturbed attractor dynamics in the PFC.
Order Effects on the Rubber Hand Illusion Expectancy: A Replication and Extension of Lush (2020)
Authors: Tsuji Nanami , Imaizumi Shu
Published: April 2024

The rubber hand illusion (RHI) is an illusion where the synchronized stroking of a rubber hand, placed in front of a participant, along with their concealed real hand results in a sense of ownership over the rubber hand. The questionnaire used to subjectively measure the RHI incorporated control and illusion statements to address demand characteristics. However, Lush (2020) demonstrated participants expected the illusion upon viewing a video of the RHI procedure despite the absence of tactile stimuli, indicating a lack of control over demand characteristics. In our study, Experiment 1, conducted with a Japanese sample (n = 27), was a preliminary direct replication of Lush (2020). Experiment 2, involving a larger sample (n = 185), also directly replicated Lush’s study and further investigated the influence of condition order on expectancies for the RHI. In both experiments, participants showed stronger agreement with the illusion statement expectancies in the synchronous condition compared to the asynchronous condition. However, this difference was not observed in the control statement expectancies, thereby replicating the outcomes of the original study. In Experiment 2, the group exposed to the asynchronous condition first showed stronger agreement with the illusion statement expectancies in that condition than those exposed to the synchronous condition first. As the RHI has been defined as the difference in direct and indirect measures between synchronous and asynchronous conditions, our results suggest that the methods in the RHI paradigm insufficiently control demand characteristics and order effects; thus, findings based on these methods are confounded by these effects.
Lingual orthodontics: perfect union of aesthetic treatment with biomechanical efficiency: a case report
Authors: Cardoso Randerson Menezes , Pontes Altair Pacheco
Published: April 2024

The aesthetic treatment of dentoalveolar biprotrusion is one of the greatest challenges for the orthodontist. The present article aims to show an approach in an adult patient with Class I malocclusion associated with a biprotrusion who did not wish to have the aesthetics of her smile compromised during orthodontic treatment. The treatment plan consisted of installing a lingual orthodontic appliance to distalize the upper and lower teeth through absolute anchorage. At the end of the treatment, the malocclusion was corrected efficiently, aesthetically and quickly.
The impact of socio-demographic factors on adherence and persistence to the treatment of female urinary incontinence aided by an app: a randomized longitudinal study
Authors: Mueller Claudia Veloso , Fraga Rogério de , Wolff Bertotti Thalita Cristina , Alves Gabriela Rosa , Bini Isabel Cristina , Seleme Maura Regina
Published: April 2024

Introduction and hypothesis: One of the factors that weaken physical therapy assistance in pelvic floor disorders is its interruption. Objective: to analyze the adherence of incontinent women to the treatment of pelvic floor disorders associated with the mobile device (application), compared to traditional approaches. Methodology: In this longitudinal, randomized and controlled study, 128 patients were selected to participate in the program through synchronous and asynchronous approaches, with Group 1 (G1) face-toface physiotherapy and application, Group 2 (G2) face-to-face physiotherapy and sheet with guidance on exercises printed, Group 3 (G3) only the application, and Group 4 (G4) only the sheet with guidance on the printed exercises. Twelve face-to-face physiotherapy sessions were held, in groups, once a week, for 3 months. Results: In the sample, 77 participants (60.2%) adhered to the treatment and 51 (39.8%) did not. A significant difference was found between mean age and adherence to treatment. Adherent patients had an average of 48.3 years, while non-adherent 44.5, indicating a statistical significance of p = 0.015. There is less adherence in synchronous Methodologies: G1, 19 (50%), G2, 21 (28.8%), when compared to asynchronous ones: G3, 3 (13.6%), and in G4, 8 (32%) showing p = 0.025 of statistical significance. Regarding the types of urinary incontinence (UI), 50 women had stress UI, 67 mixed UI and 11 urge UI. No significant difference was found between women who did not adhere, with p = 0.06. With regard to adherence according to wage income, according to the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), it is determined by the number of minimum wages (SM) No None of the women who did not adhere to the treatment had an income greater than six MW. Conclusion: Adherence to pelvic floor muscle training is greater when associated with face-to-face physiotherapy with a mobile application.
Conservative management of Caesarean scar site ectopic pregnancy with morbidly adherent placenta: a challenging scenario
Authors: Arora Ira , Agrawal Swati , Biswas Ratna , Aggarwal Ashita , Soni Harbani , Saman Adeeba
Published: April 2024

Pregnancy that is implanted on or in a scar from a past caesarean birth is known as a caesarean scar pregnancy (CSP). It may result in significant rates of morbidity such as haemorrhage, uterine rupture, and placenta accreta spectrum [PAS] as well as maternal mortality. CSP may be managed medically or by surgical intervention depending on the condition of the patient. We present a rare case of an advanced CSP which was successfully managed with medical management with intra-sac and systemic methotrexate.
Review study on aids and its relationship with socioeconomic conditions in one of the poorest states in Brazil
Authors: Castro Marques Consuelo Penha , Patriota Neto José Carlos Gomes , Ribeiro Pessoa Debora Luana , Diógenes Ferreira Flávia Rafaela , Holanda Letícia Soares , Silva Corrêa Hugo Leonardo , Ribeiro Filho João Marcos Cordeiro , da Silva Graziely de Sousa Absolon , Costa Sueli de Souza
Published: April 2024

In this work, an analysis was made of the incidence of AIDS and its relationship with the socioeconomic conditions of seropositive patients in the State of Maranhão, aiming to outline strategies for the treatment and prevention of the pathology, also contributing to the understanding of its epidemiology. The study is an integrative literature review, carried out from the search for scientific publications indexed in the database: SciELO, MEDLINE/PubMed, Lilacs and Government Portals. The following descriptors were used: HIV, Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome and Socioeconomic Factors. At the end of the searches, 20 publications met the eligibility criteria and were selected to compose the study.As a result of the information taken from the selected studies, it was noticed that HIV transmission in the State of Maranhão is also related to the socioeconomic, educational, cultural and environmental conditions of individuals, exerting a direct influence on the health and well-being of these people.The study shows that there is a link between the population living with AIDS and their living conditions. From this perspective, it is possible to identify the places in the region that have a higher prevalence of individuals with the aforementioned characteristics.
Specification for the Design of Precast Concrete Insulated Wall Panels
Authors:   Precast/Prestressed Concrete Institute
Published: April 2024

Specification for the Design of Precast Concrete Insulated Wall Panels (ANSI/PCI 150-24) This standard provides minimum requirements for the design of prestressed or non-prestressed precast insulated wall panels. Included within are provisions for composite action, wythe connectors, reinforcement, strength evaluation, service-level analysis, earthquake resistance, and temperature effects, among others. This standard was developed through the ANSI-accredited consensus process.
Book Reviews
Authors: Field Michele
Published: April 2024

Book Reviews
Beyond a Dream: The Practical Foundations of Disconnected Psychology
Authors: Krpan Dario
Published: April 2024

Disconnected psychology is a form of psychological science in which researchers ground their work upon the main principles of psychological method but are detached from a “field” consisting of other psychologists that comprises connected psychology. It has previously been proposed that combining the two forms of psychology would result in the most significant advancement of psychological knowledge (Krpan, 2020). However, disconnected psychology may seem to be an “abstract utopia”, given that it has not been previously detailed how to put it into practice. The present article therefore sets the practical foundations of disconnected psychology. In this regard, I first describe a hypothetical disconnected psychologist and discuss relevant methodological and epistemological implications. I then propose how this variant of psychology could be integrated with the current academic system (i.e., with connected psychology). Overall, the present article transforms disconnected psychology from a hazy dream into substance that could eventually maximize psychological knowledge, even if implementing it would require a radical transformation of psychological science.
A Study on Trade Credit Financing:Evidence from Chinese A-share Listed Companies
Authors:   Korea Association for International Commerce and Information, g g , Lee Sang Whi
Published: April 2024

Currently, China boasts the largest number of listed companies globally. Trade credit suppliers leverage insights into the future outlook of these entities, extending trade credit as a strategy to capitalize on profitable ventures. This study demonstrates that this informational advantage contributes substantially to the predictability of assessing investment returns. Focusing on A-share listed companies, those relying more on trade credit than on debt financing exhibit heightened potential for future sales growth and stock returns. The predictability of return associated with trade credit is particularly pronounced in firms characterized by a greater degree of information asymmetry. Consequently, this paper aims to investigate the factors influencing the utilization of trade credit and the correlation between its use and the future prospects of listed companies relying on this financial mechanism.
A Study on the Export Revitalization of Radiological Medical Devices: Focusing on in-depth interviews
Authors:   Korea Association for International Commerce and Information, Dho Kwang-Ho
Published: April 2024

Korea's trade development is accompanied by the government's policy to foster industries. Entering the ranks of advanced countries, Korea should seek directions for the development of technology-intensive and high-value-added industries such as medical devices and entry into overseas markets. In particular, the radiation medical device industry for the purpose of prevention and treatment due to the increase in cancer patients and aging population is expected to continue to grow. Therefore, this study set up five research questions to revitalize the export of radiation medical devices and conducted in-depth interviews with manufacturers. As a result of the interview analysis, the subjects are having difficulty preparing for exports due to the lack of time, cost, information, and manpower. In order to solve this problem, first, it is necessary to reorganize the trade consulting system and trade practical education, such as opening a Micro Degrees course for radiation medical devices and establishing Running Mate trade consulting. Second, it is necessary to attempt platform-oriented online trade marketing with different proportions of off-line trade marketing methods. Third, it is necessary to improve the linked government support system and conditional trade finance system.