bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Динамическое управление мощностью мегаваттного электронного пучка субмиллисекудной длительности в источнике с плазменным катодом
Authors: Воробьёв М.С. , Москвин П.В. , Шин В.И. , Коваль Н.Н. , Ашурова К.Т. , Дорошкевич С.Ю. , Девятков В.Н. , Торба М.С. , Леванисов В.А.
Published: March 2021

The paper describes a method for a controlled change in the power of an electron beam during a pulse of submillisecond duration, using a source "SOLO" with a plasma cathode. The beam power is controlled by changing the amplitude of the beam current with a corresponding change in the concentration of the emission plasma. This control method allows generating submillisecond beams of variable power (up to 10 MW at a maximum rate of change of no more than 0.5 MW/µs), which can be used for processing various metallic materials in order to change the functional properties of their surface with the ability to control the rate of input of beam energy into the surface of these materials.
Smartphone and Tablet Software Apps to Collect Data in Sport and Exercise Settings: Cross-sectional International Survey
Authors: Shaw Matthew Peter , Satchell Liam Paul , Thompson Steve , Harper Ed Thomas , Balsalobre-Fernández Carlos , Peart Daniel James
Published: March 2021

Background

Advances in smartphone technology have facilitated an increase in the number of commercially available smartphone and tablet apps that enable the collection of physiological and biomechanical variables typically monitored in sport and exercise settings. Currently, it is not fully understood whether individuals collect data using mobile devices and tablets, independent of additional hardware, in their practice.

Objective

This study aims to explore the use of smartphone and tablet software apps to collect data by individuals working in various sport and exercise settings, such as sports coaching, strength and conditioning, and personal training.

Methods

A total of 335 practitioners completed an electronic questionnaire that surveyed their current training practices, with a focus on 2 areas: type of data collection and perceptions of reliability and validity regarding app use. An 18-item questionnaire, using a 5-point Likert scale, evaluated the perception of app use.

Results

A total of 204 respondents reported using apps to directly collect data, with most of them (196/335, 58.5%) collecting biomechanical data, and 41.2% (138/335) respondents reported using at least one evidence-based app. A binomial general linear model determined that evidence accessibility (β=.35, 95% CI 0.04-0.67; P=.03) was significantly related to evidence-based app use. Age (β=−.03, 95% CI −0.06 to 0.00; P=.03) had a significant negative effect on evidence-based app use.

Conclusions

This study demonstrates that practitioners show a greater preference for using smartphones and tablet devices to collect biomechanical data such as sprint velocity and jump performance variables. When it is easier to access information on the quality of apps, practitioners are more likely to use evidence-based apps. App developers should seek independent research to validate their apps. In addition, app developers should seek to provide clear signposting to the scientific support of their software in alternative ways.
Applying Clinical Decision Support Design Best Practices With the Practical Robust Implementation and Sustainability Model Versus Reliance on Commercially Available Clinical Decision Support Tools: Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Trinkley Katy E , Kroehl Miranda E , Kahn Michael G , Allen Larry A , Bennett Tellen D , Hale Gary , Haugen Heather , Heckman Simeon , Kao David P , Kim Janet , Matlock Daniel M , Malone Daniel C , Page 2nd Robert L , Stine Jessica , Suresh Krithika , Wells Lauren , Lin Chen-Tan
Published: March 2021

Background

Limited consideration of clinical decision support (CDS) design best practices, such as a user-centered design, is often cited as a key barrier to CDS adoption and effectiveness. The application of CDS best practices is resource intensive; thus, institutions often rely on commercially available CDS tools that are created to meet the generalized needs of many institutions and are not user centered. Beyond resource availability, insufficient guidance on how to address key aspects of implementation, such as contextual factors, may also limit the application of CDS best practices. An implementation science (IS) framework could provide needed guidance and increase the reproducibility of CDS implementations.

Objective

This study aims to compare the effectiveness of an enhanced CDS tool informed by CDS best practices and an IS framework with a generic, commercially available CDS tool.

Methods

We conducted an explanatory sequential mixed methods study. An IS-enhanced and commercial CDS alert were compared in a cluster randomized trial across 28 primary care clinics. Both alerts aimed to improve beta-blocker prescribing for heart failure. The enhanced alert was informed by CDS best practices and the Practical, Robust, Implementation, and Sustainability Model (PRISM) IS framework, whereas the commercial alert followed vendor-supplied specifications. Following PRISM, the enhanced alert was informed by iterative, multilevel stakeholder input and the dynamic interactions of the internal and external environment. Outcomes aligned with PRISM’s evaluation measures, including patient reach, clinician adoption, and changes in prescribing behavior. Clinicians exposed to each alert were interviewed to identify design features that might influence adoption. The interviews were analyzed using a thematic approach.

Results

Between March 15 and August 23, 2019, the enhanced alert fired for 61 patients (106 alerts, 87 clinicians) and the commercial alert fired for 26 patients (59 alerts, 31 clinicians). The adoption and effectiveness of the enhanced alert were significantly higher than those of the commercial alert (62% vs 29% alerts adopted, P<.001; 14% vs 0% changed prescribing, P=.006). Of the 21 clinicians interviewed, most stated that they preferred the enhanced alert.

Conclusions

The results of this study suggest that applying CDS best practices with an IS framework to create CDS tools improves implementation success compared with a commercially available tool.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04028557; http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04028557
Insights From the SmokeFree.gov Initiative Regarding the Use of Smoking Cessation Digital Platforms During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Cross-sectional Trends Analysis Study (Preprint)
Authors: El-Toukhy Sherine
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND

Smoking is a plausible risk factor for COVID-19 progression and complications. Smoking cessation digital platforms transcend pandemic-driven social distancing and lockdown measures in terms of assisting smokers in their quit attempts.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to examine trends in the number of visitors, followers, and subscribers on smoking cessation digital platforms from January to April 2020 and to compare these traffic data to those observed during the same 4-month period in 2019. The examination of prepandemic and postpandemic trends in smoking cessation digital platform traffic can reveal whether interest in smoking cessation among smokers is attributable to the COVID-19 pandemic.

METHODS

We obtained cross-sectional data from daily visitors on the SmokeFree website; the followers of six SmokeFree social media accounts; and subscribers to the SmokeFree SMS text messaging and mobile app interventions of the National Cancer Institute’s SmokeFree.gov initiative platforms, which are publicly available to US smokers. Average daily percentage changes (ADPCs) were used to measure trends for the entire 2020 and 2019 study periods, whereas daily percentage changes (DPCs) were used to measure trends for each time segment of change within each 4-month period. Data analysis was conducted in May and June 2020.

RESULTS

The number of new daily visitors on the SmokeFree website (between days 39 and 44: DPC=18.79%; 95% CI 5.16% to 34.19%) and subscribers to the adult-focused interventions QuitGuide (between days 11 and 62: DPC=1.11%; 95% CI 0.80% to 1.43%) and SmokeFreeTXT (between days 11 and 89: DPC=0.23%; 95% CI 0.004% to 0.47%) increased, but this was followed by declines in traffic. No comparable peaks were observed in 2019. The number of new daily subscribers to quitSTART (ie, the teen-focused intervention) trended downward in 2020 (ADPC=−1.02%; 95% CI −1.88% to −0.15%), whereas the overall trend in the number of subscribers in 2019 was insignificant (P=.07). The number of SmokeFree social media account followers steadily increased by <0.1% over the 4-month study periods in 2019 and 2020.

CONCLUSIONS

Peaks in traffic on the SmokeFree website and adult-focused intervention platforms in 2020 could be attributed to an increased interest in smoking cessation among smokers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Coordinated campaigns, especially those for adolescents, should emphasize the importance of smoking cessation as a preventive measure against SARS-CoV-2 infection and raise awareness of digital smoking cessation platforms to capitalize on smokers’ heightened interest during the pandemic.
Patient Recruitment System for Clinical Trials: Mixed Methods Study About Requirements at Ten University Hospitals (Preprint)
Authors: Fitzer Kai , Haeuslschmid Renate , Blasini Romina , Altun Fatma Betül , Hampf Christopher , Freiesleben Sherry , Macho Philipp , Prokosch Hans-Ulrich , Gulden Christian
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND

Clinical trials are the gold standard for advancing medical knowledge and improving patient outcomes. For their success, an appropriately sized cohort is required. However, patient recruitment remains one of the most challenging aspects of clinical trials. Information technology (IT) support systems—for instance, patient recruitment systems—may help overcome existing challenges and improve recruitment rates, when customized to the user needs and environment.

OBJECTIVE

The goal of our study is to describe the status quo of patient recruitment processes and to identify user requirements for the development of a patient recruitment system.

METHODS

We conducted a web-based survey with 56 participants as well as semistructured interviews with 33 participants from 10 German university hospitals.

RESULTS

We here report the recruitment procedures and challenges of 10 university hospitals. The recruitment process was influenced by diverse factors such as the ward, use of software, and the study inclusion criteria. Overall, clinical staff seemed more involved in patient identification, while the research staff focused on screening tasks. Ad hoc and planned screenings were common. Identifying eligible patients was still associated with significant manual efforts. The recruitment staff used Microsoft Office suite because tailored software were not available. To implement such software, data from disparate sources will need to be made available. We discussed concrete technical challenges concerning patient recruitment systems, including requirements for features, data, infrastructure, and workflow integration, and we contributed to the support of developing a successful system.

CONCLUSIONS

Identifying eligible patients is still associated with significant manual efforts. To fully make use of the high potential of IT in patient recruitment, many technical and process challenges have to be solved first. We contribute and discuss concrete technical challenges for patient recruitment systems, including requirements for features, data, infrastructure, and workflow integration.
Using Artificial Intelligence With Natural Language Processing to Combine Electronic Health Record’s Structured and Free Text Data to Identify Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation to Decrease Strokes and Death: Evaluation and Case-Control Study (Preprint)
Authors: Elkin Peter L , Mullin Sarah , Mardekian Jack , Crowner Christopher , Sakilay Sylvester , Sinha Shyamashree , Brady Gary , Wright Marcia , Nolen Kimberly , Trainer JoAnn , Koppel Ross , Schlegel Daniel , Kaushik Sashank , Zhao Jane , Song Buer , Anand Edwin
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND

Nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) affects almost 6 million Americans and is a major contributor to stroke but is significantly undiagnosed and undertreated despite explicit guidelines for oral anticoagulation.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study is to investigate whether the use of semisupervised natural language processing (NLP) of electronic health record’s (EHR) free-text information combined with structured EHR data improves NVAF discovery and treatment and perhaps offers a method to prevent thousands of deaths and save billions of dollars.

METHODS

We abstracted 96,681 participants from the University of Buffalo faculty practice’s EHR. NLP was used to index the notes and compare the ability to identify NVAF, congestive heart failure, hypertension, age ≥75 years, diabetes mellitus, stroke or transient ischemic attack, vascular disease, age 65 to 74 years, sex category (CHA2DS2-VASc), and Hypertension, Abnormal liver/renal function, Stroke history, Bleeding history or predisposition, Labile INR, Elderly, Drug/alcohol usage (HAS-BLED) scores using unstructured data (International Classification of Diseases codes) versus structured and unstructured data from clinical notes. In addition, we analyzed data from 63,296,120 participants in the Optum and Truven databases to determine the NVAF frequency, rates of CHA2DS2‑VASc ≥2, and no contraindications to oral anticoagulants, rates of stroke and death in the untreated population, and first year’s costs after stroke.

RESULTS

The structured-plus-unstructured method would have identified 3,976,056 additional true NVAF cases (P<.001) and improved sensitivity for CHA2DS2-VASc and HAS-BLED scores compared with the structured data alone (P=.002 and P<.001, respectively), causing a 32.1% improvement. For the United States, this method would prevent an estimated 176,537 strokes, save 10,575 lives, and save >US $13.5 billion.

CONCLUSIONS

Artificial intelligence–informed bio-surveillance combining NLP of free-text information with structured EHR data improves data completeness, prevents thousands of strokes, and saves lives and funds. This method is applicable to many disorders with profound public health consequences.
Patient Perspectives on the Digitization of Personal Health Information in the Emergency Department: Mixed Methods Study During the COVID-19 Pandemic (Preprint)
Authors: Ly Sophia , Tsang Ricky , Ho Kendall
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND

Although the digitization of personal health information (PHI) has been shown to improve patient engagement in the primary care setting, patient perspectives on its impact in the emergency department (ED) are unknown.

OBJECTIVE

The primary objective was to characterize the views of ED users in British Columbia, Canada, on the impacts of PHI digitization on ED care.

METHODS

This was a mixed methods study consisting of an online survey followed by key informant interviews with a subset of survey respondents. ED users in British Columbia were asked about their ED experiences and attitudes toward PHI digitization in the ED.

RESULTS

A total of 108 participants submitted survey responses between January and April 2020. Most survey respondents were interested in the use of electronic health records (79/105, 75%) and patient portals (91/107, 85%) in the ED and were amenable to sharing their ED PHI with ED staff (up to 90% in emergencies), family physicians (up to 91%), and family caregivers (up to 75%). In addition, 16 survey respondents provided key informant interviews in August 2020. Interviewees expected PHI digitization in the ED to enhance PHI access by health providers, patient-provider relationships, patient self-advocacy, and postdischarge care management, although some voiced concerns about patient privacy risk and limited access to digital technologies (eg, smart devices, internet connection). Many participants thought the COVID-19 pandemic could provide momentum for the digitization of health care.

CONCLUSIONS

Patients overwhelmingly support PHI digitization in the form of electronic health records and patient portals in the ED. The COVID-19 pandemic may represent a critical moment for the development and implementation of these tools.
Culture as Tourism Attraction: Commodi cation and Politicization of Culture in Kembangarum Tourism Village, Yogyakarta Special Region, Indonesia
Authors: Ristiawan Raden Rucitarahma
Published: March 2021

This study aims at describing the commodi cation processes and the form of politicization of culture used as the background of tourism village development toward several community empowerment activities. Employing a case of Kembangarum Tourism Village, Turi District, Sleman Regency, Yogyakarta Special Province, Indonesia, the commodi cation processes are examined in several forms of tourism attractions based on local Javanesse tradition. Commodi cation of culture practices in Kembangarum Tourism Village are encouraged by the politicization of culture represented by several policies and events provided by local government as the background of Kembangarum Tourism Village development direction. This study nds the commodi cation processes as a part of politicization of culture encompassed in community empowerment agendas. There are several models of community empowerment initiated by the investor to put his capital of investment as bene cial as he wants. The development model of Kembangarum Tourism Village through investment projects by the developer results in community con icts encouraged by the local traditions that have been privatized by the investor. This study also delivers the suggestion of development direction that will be provided by government in the future.
Analysis of Online Learning Behavior of College Students during the Anti-epidemic Period—Take Suqian College as an Example
Authors: Ling Yang , Lei Zhang
Published: March 2021

Affected by the COVID-19 epidemic, in order to prevent the virus from spreading again caused by students’ off-line learning and realize the normalization of anti-epidemic, colleges and universities have implemented the relevant requirements of the Ministry of Education on “suspension of classes and non-stop learning” during the epidemic, and college students across the country have started large-scale on-line learning. Facing this reality, teachers and students actively cooperate with online learning. However, with the development of online learning, college students are gradually exposed to low learning efficiency. Taking Suqian University as an example, this paper conducts an empirical study to analyze college students’ online learning behavior and its influencing factors, and puts forward an improvement path to optimize college students’ online learning behavior and improve online learning efficiency.
Tratamiento a largo plazo con campos electromagnéticos en un modelo animal de la enfermedad de Parkinson
Authors: Medina-Salazar Idalia , Moreno-Fitz Jacqueline , Jiménez Grecia , Morales Noé , Pizarro Monserrat , Elías-Viñas David , Verdugo-Díaz Leticia
Published: March 2021

La enfermedad de Parkinson (EP) es un padecimiento neurodegenerativo que afecta las neuronas de la sustancia negra pars compacta (SNc), provocando alteraciones motoras y no motoras. En la actualidad para el tratamiento de pacientes con EP se aplica la Estimulación con Campos Electromagnéticos (CEM), observándose cierta mejoría clínica. Sin embargo, su mecanismo terapéutico subyacente sigue sin ser dilucidado. Los estudios en modelos animales de la EP se han realizado por periodos cortos de estimulación con CEM. Por lo tanto, el objetivo del presente estudio fue investigar los cambios en el comportamiento motor de ratas Wistar con hemiparkinson, tratadas con CEM de 60 Hz, 2 horas diariamente durante 6 meses. Mensualmente se realizaron evaluaciones de conducta: rotación inducida por apomorfina, campo abierto, laberinto elevado en cruz y barra de equilibrio. Al finalizar el tratamiento se contó el número de neuronas dopaminérgicas en la SNc y se estimó su grado de pérdida. Los animales lesionados que recibieron CEM tuvieron una ganancia de peso similar a los animales control. El tratamiento redujo la conducta de giro y mejoró el equilibrio, sin cambios significativos en la sobrevida de las neuronas dopaminérgicas de la SNc. Estos resultados apoyan el uso de los CEM de 60 Hz como una terapia complementaria que puedan ayudar a mejorar los síntomas motores de la enfermedad.
Simultaneous Estimation and Validation of Artemether and Lumefantrine by UV Spectrophotometry in Tablet
Authors: Mishra Megha , Mundada Anand
Published: March 2021

A UV spectrophotometric method has been developed for the simultaneous determination of Artemether and Lumefantrine. The spectroscopic method for estimation of Artemether and Lumefantrine employed Area under curve method for analysis using Ethanol as solvent. Artemether has absorbance maxima 253.2 nm and Lumefantrine has absorbance maxima 235.2 nm and both these drugs obey Beer's law in concentration range of 4.24 -67.84 μg/ml for Artemether and 4.68 -28.08 μg/ml for Lumefantrine. The recovery studies ascertained the accuracy of the purposed method and the results were validated as per ICH guidelines. The results were found satisfactory and reproducible. The method was applied successfully for the estimation of Artemether and Lumefantrine in tablet dosage form without the interference of common excipients.

Keywords: Artemether, Lumefantrine; Area under curve; Simultaneous; Estimation
Cost Effective, Efficient and Stability indicating Method Development & Validation for determination of related substances for Levonorgestrel & Ethinyl Estradiol Tablets
Authors: Dash Abhiram , Jain Neelu , Pandey Harish
Published: March 2021

The objective of this research was to develop and validate a simple, specific and accurate reverse phase of high performance of liquid chromatographic method for the determination of levonorgestrel (LVG) and ethinylestradiol (EE) in tablets. The chromatographic system included column Sun Fire ODS (150 mm × 4.6 mm i.d., particle size at 5 μm), mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile: methanol: aquabidest (60:15:25) with the flow rate of 1 mL/minute and effluents monitored at 230 nm. The validation of RP HPLC method for the simultaneous determination of LVG and EE was determined by accuracy, precision, linearity, and limit of detection (LOD) as well as the limit of quantitation (LOQ) parameters. The linearity range of both drugs was 1-70 µg/mL and 2-14 µg/mL for LVG and EE, respectively. The recoveries of LVG and EE were at 101.78% and 102.44% with the coefficients of variation of 0.94% and 1.92%, successively. The LOD of LVG and EE value were of 0.84 µg/mL and 0.03 µg/mL, and LOQ value were of 2.79 and 0.09µg/mL, respectively.

Keywords: Levonorgestrel (LVG), Ethinylestradiol, Method Validation, Method Validation, HPLC
Medicinal Plants from Vettangudi Water Bird Sanctuary in Sivagangai District of Tamil Nadu, Southern India
Authors: Shanmugam S , Muthupandi C P , Eswaran V M , Rajendran K
Published: March 2021

Most of the people depending on traditional medicine to meet their primary healthcare needs. Documenting the indigenous knowledge through ethnobotanical studies is important for the conservation of biological resources as well as their sustainable utilization. It is also necessary to collect the information about the knowledge of traditional medicines before it is permanently lost. Having all these facts in mind, the present study was carried out to document the plants used as medicine by the people inhabiting around the Vettangudi Water Bird Sanctuary of Sivagangai district in Tamil Nadu, India. The field survey was conducted in two villages situated near to Vettangudi Water Bird Sanctuary. The medicinal uses of 40 angiospermic plant species belonging to 36 genera of 24 families for various diseases and ailments were recorded by this study. The people inhabiting in the study area used 45 herbal therapies prepared from 40 plants to treat 27 different illnesses. Regarding the plant parts used, leaf was the mostly used plant part (51.16%) and extract was found as mostly followed mode (42.28%) to treat a particular disease. Attention should be made on proper exploitation and utilization of these medicinally important plant species.

Keywords: Medicinal plants, Vettangudi Water Bird Sanctuary, Sivagangai district, Tamil Nadu.
Formulation Development and Evaluation of New Albendazole Tablets with Integrated Quality by Design (QbD) Approach
Authors: Sitre Dnyaneshwar G , Kamble Ravindra K.
Published: March 2021

Hydatid disease occurs in most areas of the world and currently affects about one million people. Albendazole is an orally administered broad spectrum anthelmintic drug approved by US FDA in 1996. Literature review suggests Albendazole is low solubility compound and most of the studies were performed to improve the solubility with traditional approach of product development. The present study was aimed to apply Design of Experiments (DoE) in the development and optimization of drug release from new Albendazole tablets using three factor two level (23) full factorial designs with integrated Quality be Design (QbD) approach. New Albendazole tablets were formulated using micronized grade of the Albendazole active and excipients were selected inline with market reference product. Quality target product profile (QTPP) and Critical quality attributes (CQAs) were designed. Risk assessment was used to identify the Formulation variables impacting CQA dissolution. The amount of Formulation variables were optimized on the basis of drug release profiles at 15 minutes and 30 minutes of different formulation batches manufactured based on 23 full factorial design. Tablets were prepared by wet granulation technique and evaluated for various physicochemical parameters and in vitro drug release. Formulation trials dissolution results at 15 minutes and 30 minutes were evaluated to derive the concentration of Formulation variables which will achieve the release of more than 80%. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) analysis, Pareto chart and Contour plot were used to predict the values of formulation variables and their effect on dissolution.  Updated risk assessment of the Formulation Variables was performed and justification was provided for reduction of risk from medium to low level. Optimized formulation from DOE had comparable dissolution profile with market reference tablet. Stability studies of new Albendazole tablets 200 mg were conducted at ICH accelerated conditions and found to be stable. Thus studies revealed that full factorial experimental design could efficiently be applied for optimization of formulation variables affecting drug release. New Albendazole tablets 200 mg successfully formulated with application of the integrated quality by design (QbD) and design of experiment (DOE) approach and thereby achieved comparable release profile with market reference product.
Difficulties in the differential diagnosis of multiple sclerosis and Susak syndrome
Authors: Savintseva Zh. I. , Ilves A. G. , Lebedev V. M. , Novoselova O. M. , Prakhova L. N.
Published: March 2021

Retino-cochleo-cerebral angiopathy or Susac syndrome is a rare autoimmune disease that selectively affects the vessels of the retina, the inner ear and the central nervous system. Differentiation of Susac syndrome and multiple sclerosis presents difficulties due to the similarity of MRI semiotics of these two diseases. This article presents two clinical cases of patients with Susac syndrome who were diagnosed with multiple sclerosis at the onset of the disease. Based on the analysis of our own clinical observations and literature data, the issues of differential diagnosis of Susac syndrome and multiple sclerosis are highlighted. For the first time a variant of the MRI picture transformation in Susac syndrome is presented.
Options of neurovascularization in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus using different methods of magnetic resonance perfusion
Authors: Samoilova Yu. G. , Matveeva M. V. , Tonkikh O. S. , Leuman O. P. , Gerget O. M.
Published: March 2021

Objective. To evaluate neurovascularization using contrast and non-contrast magnetic resonance perfusion. Materials and methods. 140 patients with type 2 diabetes with and without cognitive impairment were included in the study. We assessed the variability of glycemia, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI): contrast and non-contrast. Results: brain neurovascularization change is associated with glycemia variability, with contrast advantage revealed in the contrast study. Microcirculation disorder occurs in both cortical (grey matter area) and subcortical structures. The greatest influence on brain vascularization disturbance in type 2 diabetes was revealed in terms of age, body mass index, arterial hypertension. Hyperglycemia and its duration, as well as hypoglycemia, control quality, average amplitude of oscillation, average time in the target range determined the change of vascularization. Conclusions. Understanding the pathogenesis of microcirculation disorders and the role of glycemia variability in the brain in type 2 diabetes, it is possible to correct the glycemic curve in time and eliminate modifiable risk factors (body mass index, arterial hypertension) affecting the development of cognitive disorders.
Comparison of amino acid radiotracers L-[methyl-11 C]methionine and О-2-[18F]fluoroethyl-L-tyrosine for PET/CT imaging of cerebral gliomas
Authors: Skvortsova T. Yu. , Savintceva Zh. I. , Zakhs D. V. , Tyurin R. V. , Gurchin A. F. , Kholyavin A. I. , Trofimova T. N.
Published: March 2021

Introduction. The radiotracer L-[methyl-11C]methionine (Met) has long been considered the tracer of choice in CNS tumors diagnosis using positron emission tomography, combined with computed tomography (PET/CT). However, there are more and more logistic arguments for the introduction of fluorinated amino acids into diagnostics, in particular, O-2-[18F]fluoroethyl-L-tyrosine (FET), for which our institute has developed its own method of radiochemical synthesis. The aim of the study was to compare amino acid radiotracers L-[methyl-11C]methionine (Met) and O-2-[18F]fluoroethyl-L-tyrosine (FET) in the imaging of cerebral gliomasusing PET/CT. Materials and methods. PET/CT studies using Met and FET were performed in 36 patients (15 men and 21 women) aged 28 to 73 years with suspected intracerebral tumor before surgery of biopsy. Pathohistologicalstudy verified gliomas(n-31) or other tumors (n=3), inflammatory process (n=2). The analysis of results included visual comparison of images, calculation of the tumor-to-brainratio (TBR) and metabolic tumor volume for Met and PET. Results. Visual and quantitative analysis of the scans revealed that tumor uptake pattern of FET was similar to those of Met. No significant differences were found in the TBR of both radiotracers in tumors of different grades of malignancy. A strong significant correlation (r=0,9) was revealed between the TBR of Met and FET in gliomas. There were no significant differences between tumor metabolic volumes when using the same cutoff values for both radiotracers. The ROC analysis established the same diagnostic value of Met and FET in differentiating low and high grade gliomas (area under curve 0,884 and 0,881, respectively). Conclusion. Amino acid radiotracers provide comparable diagnostic information in preoperative imaging of gliomas using PET/CT, which makes it possible to recommend FET as an adequate alternative to Met for PET centers without on-site cyclotron.
Computed tomography at preoperative preparation of patients for endoscopic endonasal interventions
Authors: Vlasova M. M. , Piskunov I. S. , Vlasova L. V. , Piskunov V. S. , Nikitin N. A.
Published: March 2021

Introduction. Computed tomography is a non-invasive technique for examining patients and is helps to study the structures of the paranasal sinuses before endonasal interventions. The purpose of the study: to develop the criteria for assessing the architectonics of the ethmoid bone using computed tomography to determine the anatomical and topographic features of its structure, for endonasal surgical treatment planning. Tasks: to study variants of the anatomical structure of the nasal cavity, ethmoid bone, using the method of x-ray computed tomography and determine their role in planning tactics of endonasal surgical interventions. Materials and methods: 130 patients were examined, two groups of patients were formed — the first 65 people with cerebrospinal fluid lick, and the other 65 people with inflammatory diseases of the paranasal sinuses. All the patients underwent computed tomography, after which we studied the anatomical structure of the ethmoid plate of the ethmoid bone and cells of the ethmoid labyrinth and the contents of the paranasal sinuses were evaluated. Research results. The study revealed 6 basic anatomical and topographic types of the structure of the ethmoid bone. We evaluating the position of the plane of the ethmoid plate, a conclusion was made about the location of the roof of the nasal cavity: high, medium or low. The deeper the olfactory fossa is, the lower the general nasal passage is. Conclusions. The revealed low location of the roof of the nasal cavity was regarded as a predisposing factor to the development of iatrogenic cerebrospinal fluid lick with endoscopic endonasal intervention.
Possibilities of CT perfusion in diagnostics of periampullary tumors
Authors: Trofimova T. N. , Belikova M. Ya. , Yakovleva D. M. , Druzina M. M.
Published: March 2021

Purpose. To study the possibilities of CT perfusion (CTP) in detecting periampullary tumors depending on the anatomical localization, to compare the diagnostic efficiency with the standard CT protocol. Materials and methods. CT scan of the abdominal organs according to the standard protocol and CTP were performed in 229 patients with periampullary tumors. Results. In adenocarcinoma of the pancreas, compared with adenocarcinoma of the major duodenal papilla, BF, BV, MSI (p<0,005) were statistically significantly lower, there were no differences in MTT, TTP, and PS (p>0,005). In distal cholangiocarcinoma, compared with adenocarcinomas of the pancreas and the major duodenal papilla (MDP), the BF, BV and MSI values were statistically significantly higher, the TTP values were lower (p<0,005), there were no differences in the MTT and PS values (p>0,005). Conclusion. CT perfusion is a highly informative method for detecting and determining the anatomical affiliation of periampullary tumors with a sensitivity of 98,7%, a specificity of 98%, and a diagnostic accuracy of 98,4%.
A case of a rare pelvic neoplasm - unusually large angiofibromas
Authors: Pokladov I. D. , Chernova O. N. , Vazhenin A. V. , Shtentsel R. E.
Published: March 2021

Pelvic tumors are quite common. Of these, angiofibromas are very rare. It is causes difficulties in differential diagnosis. But getting the right diagnosis is important, given the great similarity with other, often malignant tumors. According to the literature, the average size of angiofibromas does not exceed 12 cm. We present the case of a patient with an unusually large angiofibroma.
A ALIENAÇÃO PARENTAL EM TERMOS DE PODER
Authors: Da Silva Philiane Ferreira Paulino
Published: March 2021

O presente artigo propõe debater o tema Alienação Parental a partir de perspectiva específica, oconceito de poder de Foucault. Para tanto, considera algumas produções teóricas sobre o assunto apósa aprovação da Lei no 12.318/2010, analisando-as em categorias específicas desenvolvidas por AnalíciaSouza (2010), em estudo sobre o tema. Traz ainda informações quanto à ocorrência da AlienaçãoParental em processos judiciais na comarca de Ji-Paraná/RO e reflexões quanto à expressão localda questão, propondo uma reflexão quanto à responsabilidade dos agentes públicos, notadamentejudiciais, na produção de subjetividades que regulam e direcionam relações familiares de indivíduosconcretos em seu cotidiano de vida.
O CONTROLE DE PREÇOS DE TRANSFERÊNCIA APLICADO AOS ATIVOS INTANGÍVEIS
Authors: Da Silva Reinaldo Marques
Published: March 2021

Este artigo tem o objetivo precípuo de efetuar um estudo acerca do controle de preços de transferênciaaplicado aos ativos intangíveis no Brasil. Entender a evolução e as dificuldades enfrentadas pelo controlefeito no âmbito interno em face de um sistema tributário internacional. O desafio central deste estudo éavaliar a adequação da disciplina interna dos preços de transferência para os bens imateriais no contextomoderno, deveras mutante e competitivo. Nesse intuito, o ordenamento jurídico interno será comparadoàs disposições das Guidelines da OCDE e a outras legislações internacionais pedagógicas, notadamente anorte-americana. Além do mais, será debatido se a disciplina de preços de transferência para os intangíveisé efetivamente aplicada no Brasil, se os limites de dedutibilidade previstos na Portaria no 436 de 1958, doMinistro da Fazenda, são razoáveis e se as regras que regulam esses limites são constitucionais. Ainda noque toca ao tema, verificar-se-á se o Brasil efetivamente vem cooperando com a OCDE e/ou com outrospaíses para modernização de sua legislação. De outra banda, o Projeto de Revisão (ou Relatório de Discussão,numa tradução literal) sobre os intangíveis da OCDE, publicado em 2012, será avaliado a fim de se buscarsugestões legislativas que poderiam ser adotadas pelo Brasil. Por óbvio, muitas são as dificuldades a seremenfrentadas na busca pelos objetivos almejados, uma vez que o tema ainda não recebeu a atenção quemerece. A legislação interna está em descompasso com a modernidade. A jurisprudência, ao seu turno, éincipiente. Ainda assim, os melhores esforços serão empreendidos. Não se pretende aqui, com este artigo,em área tão ampla do conhecimento, esgotar o tema, com um estudo exaustivo, mas sim manter uma linhade raciocínio que possa contribuir com a reflexão na ciência jurídica.
DA OBRIGATORIEDADE DO QUESITO GENÉRICO ABSOLUTÓRIO NO ÂMBITO DO TRIBUNAL DO JÚRI
Authors: Da Costa Lucas Sales
Published: March 2021

Cuida-se de artigo que objetiva delinear alguns aspectos bastante discutidos, quer na doutrina, querna jurisprudência, na seara do Tribunal do Júri, especialmente no que se refere à oportunidade davotação pelos jurados das teses expostas ao longo dos debates em plenário. Ciente de que se tratade um dos temas mais instigantes e controversos na matéria, o texto intenta, ainda, apresentarestudo, em particular, da natureza jurídica do quesito genérico absolutório com foco nos estudiososmais especializados a respeito do assunto e na jurisprudência. Ao seu final, infere-se que umainterpretação constitucional e lógica do Código de Processo Penal deve conduzir à obrigatoriedadedo quesito em alusão.
ANÁLISE JURÍDICA DO SANEAMENTO BÁSICO NO BRASIL
Authors: Brandão de Araújo Alexandre Mota
Published: March 2021

RESUMO: Direito Constitucional e Administrativo – Análise jurídica do saneamento básico no Brasil – Cuida-se de artigo, cujo objetivo é o estudo analítico das principais regras que disciplinam o saneamento básico no Brasil. Nesse sentido, este artigo consiste em uma abordagem constitucional, legal e infralegal sobre o tema, no bojo da qual são tecidas considerações sobre o modo de melhor implementação dessa política pública tão cara à sociedade. Destaca-se a necessidade de observância da Lei nº 11.445/2007 na elaboração dos contratos de concessão do serviço de saneamento básico, sobretudo com a inclusão, nestas avenças, do Plano de Saneamento Básico e a comprovação da viabilidade técnica e econômico-financeira da prestação universal e integral dos serviços. Além disso, defende-se a transparência absoluta das informações relativas à prestação do serviço, a criação, em todos os casos, de um órgão regulador, e a cobrança da tarifa apenas quando o serviço for integralmente prestado. A propósito, critica-se a jurisprudência do Superior Tribunal de Justiça - STJ que autoriza a cobrança da tarifa, mesmo quando o serviço de tratamento dos resíduos não é realizado, apenas a coleta. Isto porque tal orientação estimula a manutenção do status quo, em que não se verifica a existência de investimentos e de serviços adequados de tratamento dos resíduos, com inegáveis efeitos deletérios à saúde humana e ao meio ambiente.
A RESPONSABILIDADE CIVIL DAS EMPRESAS DE TRANSPORTE NO FORNECIMENTO DE TRANSPORTES GRATUITOS
Authors: Bona de Alencar Araripe Aline
Published: March 2021

A possibilidade de responsabilização de empresas de transporte que preste esse serviço de forma gratuita ainda é tema controverso na doutrina e na jurisprudência. Com este artigo, objetiva-se demonstrar a existência dessa possibilidade, utilizando-se o pensamento de unificação da responsabilidade contratual e extracontratual e da doutrina do bystander, de origem estadunidense. Nesse sentido, conclui-se pela unificação das responsabilidades, reforçada pela superação do contratualismo estrito e pela importância da função social do contrato. Faz-se, ainda, um estudo dos casos de responsabilização quando do oferecimento de transporte gratuito julgados pelos tribunais brasileiros. A metodologia utilizada é dividida em dois vieses: o primeiro é teórico e se baseia no levantamento bibliográfico realizado sobre o tema, enquanto o segundo viés é epistemológico e trabalha com o método de interpretação sistemática do direito denominado “diálogo das fontes”, que busca coordenar as várias fontes normativas, buscando conferir integridade ao ordenamento jurídico.
O “DÉCIMO SEGUNDO CAMELO” DE LUHMANN: ENTRE APORIAS, INTERPRETAÇÕES E HERMENÊUTICA JURÍDICA
Authors: Oliveira Wagner Vinicius
Published: March 2021

O presente artigo debate a aplicabilidade da parábola do “décimo segundo camelo”, ilustrada por Niklas Luhmann, à interpretação do direito. Na área de estudo da teoria do direito, especificamente na filosofia do direito, são retomadas as tentativas positivistas, normativa e analítica, de compreensão do direito, devido à relevância da linguagem para a interpretação jurídica. Em virtude disso, abre-se um campo fértil para as contribuições da hermenêutica filosófica ao processo de interpretação e de fundamentação do direito. Desse modo, à luz do giro hermenêutico de Gadamer (1995), por meio do qual se examina a mencionada metáfora, objetiva-se analisar a (im)possibilidade de existência de um padrão interpretativo válido para a generalidade das situações. Para tanto, elege-se como metodologia de trabalho a linha crítico-metodológica, justamente por permitir extrair os sentidos e alcances dos materiais bibliográficos após o confronto destes com a teoria adotada, proporcionando uma leitura aproximativa das incertezas do direito. O resultado alcançado pela investigação teórica permite assegurar a impossibilidade de a parábola do “décimo segundo camelo” ser considerada como paradigma interpretativo do direito, basicamente, por causa das pretensões de exclusividade, pureza e atemporalidade as quais são incompatíveis com as características do direito contemporâneo. Assim, em arremate, apresenta-se, por um lado, a conclusão de inexistência do “fundamento ausente” para ser descoberto pelos “sábios”, mas, por outro lado, com base nos contributos hermenêuticos, expõe-se a possibilidade de construir teorias adequadas à interpretação do direito.
CONSIDERAÇÕES A RESPEITO DA COISA JULGADA INCONSTITUCIONAL
Authors: Sardinha Paula Daher
Published: March 2021

O presente trabalho busca traçar os aspectos relevantes da coisa julgada declarada inconstitucional. A análise deste instituto abordará desde os conceitos fundamentais para compreensão da coisa julgada até críticas envolvendo a sua desconstituição, enfatizando a relação entre a mera inconstitucionalidade e o bom funcionamento do processo. Discussões relacionadas à possibilidade de relativização da coisa julgada serão expostas, no sentido de demonstrar os diferentes pontos de vista a respeito do tema, de grande relevância para o Processo Civil Brasileiro. O estudo sistematizado da coisa julgada inconstitucional trará à baila a sua repercussão no ordenamento jurídico, na medida em que sua intangibilidade é questionada frente à violação de valores, de princípios constitucionais, bem como do texto constitucional. Além disso, será verificada a possibilidade de dar o mesmo tratamento ao vício de inconstitucionalidade presente nas leis e na sentença, e serão feitos apontamentos sobre os problemas gerados pela imutabilidade. Neste sentido, este trabalho tem como objetivo estudar a importância da relativização da coisa julgada envolvendo, principalmente, posicionamentos doutrinários, ponderações a respeito de mudanças trazidas pelo novo Código de Processo Civil e questões contemporâneas da doutrina e da jurisprudência.

Palavras-chave: Coisa julgada. Inconstitucionalidade. Relativização. Segurança jurídica. Justiça.
APRESENTAÇÃO - VOLUME 109, n. 1, DA REVISTA DE DOUTRINA E JURISPRUDÊNCIA - RDJ
Authors: Ulhôa Humberto
Published: March 2021

Neste volume da RDJ, são apresentados oito trabalhos. Os artigos inicial e final possuem temas que são abordados à luz da filosofia do direito, pois um dos objetivos desta publicação é problematizar – assim como almeja a filosofia – assuntos da área e, em consequência, induzir à reflexão sobre o pensar e o fazer jurídicos. Assim, poder-se-á contribuir para a visão crítica que se estenda para além da aplicação da lei, permitindo a análise desta, bem como dos contextos social e cultural em que esteja inserida, para que seja aperfeiçoada, e se possa ir em busca da justiça mais justa.
A PRESTAÇÃO DE ASSISTÊNCIA JURÍDICA INTEGRAL E GRATUITA PELOS MUNICÍPIOS E A EFETIVAÇÃO DE DIREITOS FUNDAMENTAIS
Authors: Matheus Ana Carolina Couto
Published: March 2021

O objeto da pesquisa é examinar a possibilidade de prestação jurídica integral e gratuita pelos Municípios no ordenamento jurídico brasileiro. Objetivo geral é analisar dispositivos constitucionais e infraconstitucionais, notadamente os que garantem ao cidadão o acesso à justiça. Objetivos específicos: enfatizar o dever do Município em concretizar direitos fundamentais; destacar entraves da assistência jurídica brasileira que impedem prestar o serviço; demonstrar que a interpretação que mais se coaduna à Constituição é a que possibilita ao ente municipal prestar o serviço, garantindo acesso dos munícipes à justiça. Será utilizado método dedutivo, fonte bibliográfica, técnicas do referente, categoria, fichamento e conceito operacional.
O PAPEL DO SUPREMO TRIBUNAL FEDERAL E A INSTABILIDADE DO ATUAL CENÁRIO POLÍTICO BRASILEIRO
Authors: De Oliveira Sousa Camelo Aprígio Aguiar , Cardoso Costa Bringel Lara Lívia
Published: March 2021

O estudo tem como escopo enfatizar a atuação do Supremo Tribunal Federal diante do atual panorama político Brasileiro. Será abordado o contexto histórico do princípio da separação de poderes até a origem das competências legais constitucionais do Poder Executivo, Poder Legislativo e Poder Judiciário. Abordará o papel do Supremo Tribunal Federal como órgão máximo do Poder Judiciário, sua criação, suas características e competências, incluindo-se neste última o poder de intervenção necessária nos outros poderes, sob o prisma do sistema de "freios e contrapesos" de Charles de Montesquieu. Demonstrará a especificidade de atuação do Supremo nos principais momentos da crise política atual do Brasil e nas consequências práticas dessa intervenção.
A CONSENSUALIDADE NO ÂMBITO DA IMPROBIDADE ADMINISTRATIVA: LIMITES DE NEGOCIABILIDADE DE INTERESSES PÚBLICOS INDISPONÍVEIS
Authors: Ferreira Lucas
Published: March 2021

O presente artigo científico, pautado em pesquisa teórica e documental, tem por escopo analisar os espaços de consensualidade no âmbito da responsabilidade decorrente de atos de improbidade administrativa. Assim, com base na compreensão do perfil moderno do Ministério Público como órgão indutor de políticas públicas, que prioriza a concretização dos direitos fundamentais mediante a solução extrajudicial, cogita-se a incursão – embora ponderada e limitada – da negociabilidade no direito sancionador, com vistas a tornar mais efetiva a responsabilização por atos de improbidade administrativa.