bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Uterine prolapse and associated factors among reproductive age women in Dawro zone, southwest Ethiopia: a community based cross sectional study
Authors: Badacho Abebe Sorsa , Lelu Mengistu Auro , Gelan Zegeye
Published: October 2020

Background: Uterine Prolapse is an important but one of the most neglected public health problems causing maternal morbidity and mortality among women of reproductive age in developing countries including Ethiopia. However, yet few data are available with respect to uterine prolapse. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of, and factors associated with uterine prolapse among women of reproductive age.Methods: A community based cross-sectional study was conducted in Loma Woreda, Dawro southwest Ethiopia, from November to December 2019. A total of 422 randomly selected women of reproductive age were participated in the study. Data were collected by face-to-face interview with pre-structured questionnaire and clinical diagnoses were carried out. Epi data 3.2.1 and SPSS version 24 were used for data entry, processing and analysis. Binary Logistic regression was used to find out the association between dependent and independent variables. Variables with P-value less than 0.25 in bivariate logistic regression were further examined using multivariate logistic regression to investigate an association between dependent variable and independent variables. Results: The mean age of the respondents was 35.4 years (±7.994 SD). This study identified that the prevalence of symptomatic and anatomical uterine prolapse was 6.6 %(28) and 5.9%(25) respectively. The prevalence of anatomical prolapse was used as a reference when determining the associated factors. Age at first marriage (AOR: 0.25, 95%CI (0.07, 0.89), place of delivery (AOR: 3.33, 95%CI (1.21, 9.13), birth attendant assisted delivery (AOR 0.21; 95%CI (0.06, 0.71) and history of abortion (AOR: 2.94, 95%CI (1.08, 7.97) were found to have significantly and independently associated with prevalence of uterine prolapse. Conclusion: Uterine prolapse is common among women of reproductive age group age at first marriage, place of delivery, birth attendant assisted delivery, and history of abortion were found to be independent predictors of prevalence of uterine prolapse.
Effectiveness of Adjunctive Corticosteroid Therapy in Patients with Severe COVID-19: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Xiong Bin , Qin Yuan-Yuan , He Li-Min , Du Hu , Zhan Zhu , Zhou Yi-Hong , Chen Yao-Kai , Zhang An
Published: October 2020

Objective: To investigate the effectiveness of adjunctive corticosteroid therapy in patients with severe COVID-19.Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of the difference in several outcomes between patients with severe COVID-19 who received corticosteroid therapy (the corticosteroid group) and patients with severe COVID-19 who did not receive corticosteroid therapy (the non-corticosteroid group).Results: Seventy-five patients were included in this study. Of these, 47 patients were in the corticosteroid group and 28 patients were in the non-corticosteroid group. There were no differences between the two groups in the total length of hospital stay (LOS), the length of ICU stay, high-flow oxygen days, non-invasive ventilator days, invasive ventilation days, and mortality rate. Total lesion volume ratio, consolidation volume ratio and GGO volume ratio in the corticosteroid group decreased significantly on day 14, while those in the non-corticosteroid group did not show a significant decrease.Conclusions: Our results show that adjunctive corticosteroid use did not significantly improve clinical outcomes in severe COVID-19 patients, but might promote the absorption of pulmonary lesions. Larger multicenter randomized controlled studies may be needed to confirm this.
The role of tropospheric Ozone in flagging COVID-19 pandemic transmission.
Authors: Lolli Simone , Vivone Gemine
Published: October 2020

COVID-19 pandemic outbreak, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, affected millions of people worldwide causing hundreds of thousands of related fatalities. It is crucial to understand why the virus transmission seems to spread more easily in some regions with respect to others. The residuals, with respect to the modeled COVID-19 per-day hospitalized patients in Intensive Care Unit, were linked to meteorological and air-pollutant variables in four major metropolitan areas in Italy. COVID-19 pandemic related infections are slow down by higher tropospheric Ozone concentrations (p < 0.01). We quantitatively assessed that higher levels of tropospheric Ozone, already proven effective against viruses and microbial contaminants, play a role in flagging COVID-19 pandemic transmission. Because the tropospheric ozone production is depending, among others, by air-quality and sunlight, this can explain why the virus is spreading differential.
Face mask use among pedestrians during the COVID-19 pandemic in southwest Iran: An observational study on 10440 people
Authors: Rahimi Zahra , Shirali Gholam Abbas , Araban Marzieh , Mohammadi Mohammad javad , Cheraghian Bahman
Published: October 2020

Background: Many countries have recommended the use of face masks for general population in public places to reduce the risk of COVID-19 transmission. This study aims to estimate the prevalence of face mask usage and investigate about different types of face mask and their distribution among pedestrians in southwest Iran during the Covid-19 pandemic.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in August 2020 in Ahvaz, southwest Iran. Using a multistage sampling method, a total of 10440 pedestrians selected from 8 urban districts and 92 neighborhoods of the city. The data gathered by observation method. Percentage, mean and standard deviation were used to describe the variables. Chi-square test, fisher exact test and Chi-square for trend used to assess relationship between two categorical variables. We used unconditional logistic regression model to control confounders.Results: The mean ± SD age of the observed pedestrians was 32.2 ±15.1 years and 67.9% of them were male. The overall prevalence of face mask usage was 45.6% (95% CI, 44.6 – 46.5). In general, as the age increased, the prevalence of face mask use significantly increased (p for trend <0.001). Women used face masks significantly higher than men (60.2% vs. 38.7%, p <0.001). Among the pedestrians who used the mask, 75.6 % wore facemask correctly. The most common type of facemask used by the pedestrians were surgical(medical) masks (63.8%). In total, the prevalence of facemask usage was significantly higher during a.m. (49.4%) compared to p.m. (43.9%), (p<0.001). Besides, in our study, 1.7% and 0.3 % of Pedestrians had worn gloves and shielded respectively. Women used shields and gloves significantly higher than men (3.6 % vs. 0.7%, p <0.001). Also, women used shields more than men (0.5 % vs. 0.3%, p =0.036).Conclusion: We concluded that the prevalence rate of face mask use in Ahvaz was fairly low especially in men and younger people. Hence, the observed rates probably cannot protect the community against COVID-19 spread. Therefore, it is important to implement educational programs as well as to establish laws and regulations governing the use of face masks in public places.
Nanomineralogy of hydrothermal magnetite from Acropolis, South Australia: Genetic implications for iron-oxide copper gold mineralization
Authors: Verdugo-Ihl Max R. , Ciobanu Cristiana L. , Cook Nigel J. , Ehrig Kathy , Slattery Ashley , Courtney-Davies Liam , Dmitrijeva Marija
Published: October 2020

Magnetite is the dominant Fe-oxide at the Acropolis IOCG prospect, Olympic Dam district, South Australia. Complementary microbeam techniques, including scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), are used to characterize titanomagnetite from veins in volcanic rocks and Ti-poor magnetite from a granite body with uplifted position in the volcanic sequence. A temperature of 670 ± 50 °C is estimated for Ti-poor magnetite using XMg-in-magnetite thermometry. Titanomagnetite, typified by Ti-rich trellis lamellae of ilmenite in magnetite, also displays sub-micrometer inclusions forming densely mottled and orbicular subtypes of titanomagnetite with increasing degree of overprinting. STEM analysis shows nanoparticles (NPs) of spinels and TiO2 polymorphs, anatase, and rutile. These vary as dense, finest-scale, monophase-NPs of spinel sensu stricto in Ti-poor magnetite; two-phase, ulvöspinelhercynite NPs in primary titanomagnetite; and coarser clusters of NPs (hercynite±gahnite+TiO2-polymorphs), in mottled and orbicular subtypes. Nano-thermobarometry using ilmenite-magnetite pairs gives temperatures in the range ~510–570 (±50) °C, with mineral-pair re-equilibration from primary to orbicular titanomagnetite constrained by changes in fO2 from ilmenite-stable to magnetite+hematite-stable conditions. Epitaxial relationships between spinel and Fe-Ti-oxides along trellis lamellae and among phases forming the NPs support exsolution from magnetitess, followed by replacement via mineral-buffered reactions. Lattice-scale intergrowths between ulvöspinel and ilmenite within NPs are interpreted as exsolution recording cooling under O2-conserving conditions, whereas the presence of both TiO2-polymorphs displaying variable order-disorder phenomena is evidence for subtly fO2-buffered reactions from anatase (reducing) to rutile (more oxidizing) stabilities. Transient formation of O-deficient phases is retained during replacement of ilmenite by anatase displaying crystallographic-shear planes. Development of dense inclusion mottling and orbicular textures are associated with NP coarsening and clustering during vein re-opening. Fluid-assisted replacement locally recycles trace elements, forming gahnite NPs or discrete Sc-Ti-phases. Hydrothermal titanomagnetite from Acropolis is comparable with magmatic magnetite in granites across the district and typifies early, alkali-calcic alteration. Open-fracture circulation, inhibiting additional supply of Si, Ca, K, and so on during magnetite precipitation, prohibits formation of silician magnetite hosting calc-silicate NPs, as known from IOCG systems characterized by rock-buffered alteration of host lithologies. Obliteration of trellis textures during subsequent overprinting could explain the scarcity of this type of hydrothermal magnetite in other IOCG systems.
Nonlinear effects of hydration on high-pressure sound velocities of rhyolitic glasses
Authors: Gu Jesse T. , Fu Suyu , Gardner James E. , Yamashita Shigeru , Okuchi Takuo , Lin Jung-Fu
Published: October 2020

Acoustic compressional and shear wave velocities (VP, VS) of anhydrous (AHRG) and hydrous rhyolitic glasses (HRG) containing 3.28 wt% (HRG-3) and 5.90 wt% (HRG-6) total water concentration (H2Ot) have been measured using Brillouin light scattering (BLS) spectroscopy up to 3 GPa in a diamond-anvil cell at ambient temperature. In addition, Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was used to measure the speciation of H2O in the glasses up to 3 GPa. At ambient pressure, HRG-3 contains 1.58 (6) wt% hydroxyl groups (OH–) and 1.70 (7) wt% molecular water (H2Om) while HRG-6 contains 1.67 (10) wt% OH– and 4.23 (17) wt% H2Om where the numbers in parentheses are ±1σ. With increasing pressure, very little H2Om, if any, converts to OH– within uncertainties in hydrous rhyolitic glasses such that HRG-6 contains much more H2Om than HRG-3 at all experimental pressures. We observe a nonlinear relationship between high-pressure sound velocities and H2Ot, which is attributed to the distinct effects of each water species on acoustic velocities and elastic moduli of hydrous glasses. Near ambient pressure, depolymerization due to OH– reduces VS and G more than VP and KS. VP and KS in both anhydrous and hydrous glasses decrease with increasing pressure up to ~1–2 GPa before increasing with pressure. Above ~1–2 GPa, VP and KS in both hydrous glasses converge with those in AHRG. In particular, VP in HRG-6 crosses over and becomes higher than VP in AHRG. HRG-6 displays lower VS and G than HRG-3 near ambient pressure, but VS and G in these glasses converge above ~2 GPa. Our results show that hydrous rhyolitic glasses with ~2–4 wt% H2Om can be as incompressible as their anhydrous counterpart above ~1.5 GPa. The nonlinear effects of hydration on high-pressure acoustic velocities and elastic moduli of rhyolitic glasses observed here may provide some insight into the behavior of hydrous silicate melts in felsic magma chambers at depth.
Constraining electroweakinos in the minimal Dirac gaugino model
Authors: Goodsell Mark , Kraml Sabine , Reyes-González Humberto , Williamson Sophie L.
Published: October 2020

Supersymmetric models with Dirac instead of Majorana gaugino masses have distinct phenomenological consequences.
In this paper, we investigate the electroweakino sector of the Minimal Dirac Gaugino Supersymmetric Standard Model (MDGSSM)
with regards to dark matter (DM) and collider constraints.
We delineate the parameter space where the lightest neutralino of the MDGSSM is a viable DM candidate,
that makes for at least part of the observed relic abundance while evading constraints from DM direct detection,
LEP and low-energy data, and LHC Higgs measurements.
The collider phenomenology of the thus emerging scenarios is characterised by the richer electroweakino spectrum
as compared to the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM) -6 neutralinos and 3 charginos instead of 4 and 2 in the MSSM,
naturally small mass splittings, and the frequent presence of long-lived particles, both charginos and/or neutralinos.
Reinterpreting ATLAS and CMS analyses with the help of SmodelS and MadAnalysis 5,
we discuss the sensitivity of existing LHC searches for new physics to these scenarios and show which cases can
be constrained and which escape detection.
Finally, we propose a set of benchmark points which can be useful for further studies,
designing dedicated experimental analyses and/or investigating the potential of future experiments.
Challenges facing local government in Jordan and strategies to address them
Authors: M. Taamneh Mohammad , Fathi Almaaitah Mohammad , M. Alqdha Heba
Published: October 2020

Local governments play an important role in the economic and social development of local services provided to localities. In Jordan, local governments face problems and challenges that impede this development. The purpose of this descriptive study is to investigate the magnitude of challenges faced by local governments using a random sample (251) of mayors and heads of provincial governorates. Qualitative methods with a purposive sample employing twenty in-depth face-to-face interviews were conducted to identify the major challenges. After analyzing data using the SPSS, the study pointed out that the lack of financial resources and the lack of independence of local government in managing local funding is another major challenge. The study revealed that environmental protection was the biggest challenge. Responsiveness and public participation are other challenges faced by local governments. Based on the study results, the recommendation and provision of centralized technical assistance are required to maintain environmental protection. However, capacity building for local employees is a must. The critical financial position of local governments needs to be addressed by re- evaluating the share of funds allocated to local units.
PAHLAWAN DAN PENJAHAT DALAM VISI RETORIS KEMENANGAN UMAT ISLAM PADA REUNI AKBAR PERSATUAN ALUMNI 212 TAHUN 2019
Authors: Zahara Elyan Nadian
Published: October 2020

The purpose of this study is to explain who were the Hero and Villains contributed to rhetorical vision’s legitimation and the shared meaning embraced in the Grand Reunion of Alumni Brotherhood (PA) 212 in 2019. Rhetorical vision is determined by the dominant character and symbolic cues embraced as shared meanings in a group. This study used qualitative approach, while the data was collected using virtual ethnography method and analyzed using Borman’s Fantasy Theme’s Analysis. From the results of the study it was found that the dominant character mentioned in the reunion as a hero was Habib Rizieq Shihab, while the characters named as criminals were those who were considered to have defamed Islam, such as Abu Janda, Ade Armando, Sukmawati Soekarno Putri and Viktor Laiskodat. The rhetorical vision carried out is Moslem’s victory. The grand reunion was held as an effort to urge the government to be more assertive and responsive to contemporary issues faced by Muslims in Indonesia.
Drivers of change in urban water and wastewater tariffs
Authors: Damkjaer Simon
Published: October 2020

Water and wastewater tariffs constitute a primary avenue for utilities to generate revenue towards covering the costs associated with water and wastewater service provisions. In the pursuit of achieving global access to safe and affordable water and sanitation, utilities and governments play an important role in regulating and setting combined tariffs, so that they are able to fund the necessary infrastructure while at the same time ensuring that tariffs do not impede on the ability of consumers to access these services. From a survey of 568 cities across 192 countries, this paper examines the main economic and financial drivers of change to regional urban water and wastewater tariffs from 2018 to 2019. Historically, the average global price for water and wastewater services increased from US$ 1.70/m3 in 2011 to US$ 2.16/m3 in 2019, equating to an annual rise in the mean global combined water tariff of ∼3.4%. The analysis indicates that for the studied regions, the financial and economic costs associated with recurring droughts, old infrastructure, subsidy cuts, increasing energy costs and a shift to alternative water resources such as desalination all contribute to changes in tariffs. Further research on the social and political drivers of change in tariffs is needed, in order to provide a holistic understanding of the balance required to be struck between the objectives of affordability and cost-recovery for achieving global access to water and sanitation.
Application of SVM, ANN, GRNN, RF, GP and RT models for predicting discharge coefficients of oblique sluice gates using experimental data
Authors: Salmasi Farzin , Nouri Meysam , Sihag Parveen , Abraham John
Published: October 2020

Gates are commonly used to adjust water flow in open channels. By using an oblique/inclined gate, the water transferring capacity of open irrigation canals can be increased. Investigation of free and submerged discharge coefficients for inclined sluice gates is the focus of the present study. First an experimental apparatus incorporating an inclined gate was created. The inclined angle (β) and gate opening (a) were experiment variables, and the five inclination angles include: 0° (vertical gate), 15°, 30°, 45° and 60°. Experimental results showed a greater convergence of flow lines under the gate and increasing the gate angle causes the discharge coefficient to increase. Also experiments showed that increasing the submergence rate (yt/a), decreases the inclined gate discharge coefficient. Performance metrics were created for the experimental results. The metrics utilized Gaussian process (GP) regression, support vector machine (SVM), artificial neural networks (ANN), generalized regression neural network (GRNN), random forest (RF) regression and random tree (RT) based models which were used to predict discharge coefficients (Cd) in both submerged and free flow conditions. The model input parameters were the ratio of the upstream water depth to gate opening (y/a) and the inclined angle (β) for free flow and also the submergence rate (yt/a) for submerged flow. The prediction models show that the ANN model in free flow conditions has the following performance metrics: Coefficient of determination, R2= 0.9957, Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) = 0.0044, and Mean Absolute Error (MAE) = 0.0017. The performance metrics for submerged flow conditions were R2 = 0.9922, RMSE = 0.0079 and MAE = 0.0054. The ANN approach is the most accurate model compared to the others.
La “política de la hostilidad” en Argentina: detención, expulsión y rechazo en frontera
Authors: Domenech Eduardo
Published: October 2020

Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar las transformaciones producidas en el campo de las políticas de control migratorio en el contexto argentino reciente. Se propone la noción de “política de la hostilidad” para caracterizar un modo específico de intervención política basado en la espectacularización, la expansión y la intensificación del control de las migraciones. Se sostiene que los principales cambios están relacionados con la reconfiguración del régimen de control de la “ilegalidad” migrante que ha tenido lugar a partir de intervenciones específicas sobre la detención, la expulsión y el rechazo en frontera. Con base en una metodología cualitativa que articula observación participante, entrevistas y diversas fuentes documentales, se analizan procesos, escenas, acontecimientos, intervenciones y conflictos vinculados específicamente con la detención, la expulsión y el rechazo en frontera. El análisis presta especial atención a la emergencia de nuevas espacialidades y temporalidades del control migratorio y fronterizo.
Clinical Interpretation of Drug Susceptibility Tests in Tuberculosis
Authors: Laniado-Laborín Rafael
Published: October 2020

:

Prompt and accurate diagnosis of drug resistance is essential for optimal treatment of
drug-resistant tuberculosis. However, only 20% of the more than half a million patients eligible for
the treatment of MDR-TB/RR-TB receive an appropriate drug regimen. Drug-resistant TB regimens
must include a sufficient number of effective medications, a significant challenge for clinicians
worldwide, as most are forced to make therapeutic decisions without any, or very little information
on drug susceptibility testing. Although phenotypic DST is still commonly regarded as the
gold standard for determining M. tuberculosis susceptibility to antituberculosis drugs, it has several
limitations, mainly its prolonged turnaround time. Molecular methods based on M. tuberculosis genomic
DNA sequencing have been developed during the past two decades, to identify the most
common mutations involved in drug resistance. The Xpert
®
MTB/RIF is a real-time polymerase
chain reaction that offers results in less than two hours and has an overall sensitivity for rifampin resistance
of 96% and 98% specificity. Line probe assays (LPAs) are commercial DNA strip-based
tests for detecting the most frequent mutations responsible for resistance to rifampin, isoniazid, fluoroquinolones,
and second-line injectable drugs.

:

Discrepancies between phenotypic and genotyping methods are a problem that the clinician will
face in everyday practice. However, any resistance result (with any type of test) in a person with
risk factors for harboring resistant microorganisms should be considered appropriate while the results
of complementary tests are available.
Innovative Applications of Plant Viruses in Drug Targeting and Molecular Imaging- A Review
Authors: Aljabali Alaa A.A. , Al Zoubi Mazhar S. , Al-Batayneh Khalid M. , Pardhi Dinesh M. , Dua Kamal , Pal Kaushik , Tambuwala Murtaza M.
Published: October 2020

Background:

Nature had already engineered various types of nanoparticles (NPs), especially viruses, which can deliver their cargo to the host/targeted cells. The ability to selectively target specific cells offers a significant advantage over the conventional approach. Numerous organic NPs, including native protein cages, virus-like pieces, polymeric saccharides, and liposomes, have been used for the preparation of nanoparticulate. Such nanomaterials have demonstrated better performance and as well as improved biocompatible, devoid of side effects, and stable without any deterioration.

Objective:

This review discusses current clinical and scientific research on naturally occurring nanomaterials. The review illustrates and updates the tailor-made approaches for selective delivery and targeted medications that require a highaffinity interconnection to the targeted cells.

Method:

A comprehensive search was performed using keywords for viral nanoparticles, viral particles for drug delivery, viral nanoparticles for molecular imaging, theranostics applications of viral nanoparticles and plant viruses in nanomedicine. We searched in Google Scholar, PubMed, Springer, Medline, and Elsevier from 2000 to till date and by the bibliographic review of all identified articles.

Results:

The findings demonstrated that structures dependent on nanomaterials might have potential applications in diagnostics, cell marking, comparing agents (computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging), and antimicrobial drugs, as well as drug delivery structures. However, measures should be taken in order to prevent or mitigate in pharmaceutical or medical applications the toxic impact or incompatibility of nanoparticle-based structures with biological systems.

Conclusion:

The review provided an overview of the latest advances in nanotechnology, outlining the difficulties and the advantages of in vivo and in vitro structures that are focused on a specific subset of the natural nanomaterials.
Editorial on the Occasion of the 20th Anniversary of Endocrine Metabolic Immune Disorders-Drug Targets Journal with a Kaleidoscopic Vision of Selected Publications
Authors: Magrone Thea , Jirillo Emilio
Published: October 2020

Over the past 20 years, Endocrine Metabolic Immune Disorders-Drug Targets (EMIDDT)
journal has been covering a broad field of intertwined topics related to pathogenesis, diagnosis,
and therapy of endocrine, metabolic, and immune diseases. At first, the journal publications
were restricted to reviews only and, then, original article submissions have also been accepted.
EMIDDT represents as a successful journal in continuous expansion with 10 issues in 2020 and a
current impact factor (IF) equal to 1.973. Moreover, since 2019, EMIDDT is the official journal of
the Italian AME (Associazione Medici Endocrinologi), also linked to the American Association of
Endocrinologists. Such a connection has given more impetus to the journal in terms of additional
higher-quality submissions. In order to celebrate the 20th anniversary of EMIDDT, the content of
some original representative articles published by the journal in the past and current years will be illustrated
with special emphasis on cellular and molecular bases of drug targeting.
A Comprehensive Survey on Grey Wolf Optimization
Authors: Kumar Vijay , Sharma Isha , Sharma Sanjeewani
Published: October 2020

:

Grey wolf optimizer is a recently developed metaheuristic algorithm that mimics the hunting and social behaviour. It has been applied in most of the engineering design problems. Grey wolf optimizer and its variants have been effectively used to solve the real-life applications. For some complex problems, grey wolf optimizer has been hybridized with other metaheuristics. This paper summarizes the overview of grey wolf optimizer and its variants. The pros and cons of these variants have been discussed. The application of grey wolf optimizer have also been discussed with future research directions. This paper will encourage the researchers to use this algorithm for their real-life problems.
Barriers and Enablers to Using a Patient-Facing Electronic Questionnaire: A Qualitative Theoretical Domains Framework Analysis
Authors: Yamada Janet , Kouri Andrew , Simard Sarah-Nicole , Segovia Stephanie A , Gupta Samir
Published: October 2020

Background

Electronic patient questionnaires are becoming ubiquitous in health care. To address care gaps that contribute to poor asthma management, we developed the Electronic Asthma Management System, which includes a previsit electronic patient questionnaire linked to a computerized clinical decision support system.

Objective

This study aims to identify the determinants (barriers and enablers) of patient uptake and completion of a previsit mobile health questionnaire.

Methods

We conducted semistructured interviews with adult patients with asthma in Toronto, Canada. After demonstrating the questionnaire, participants completed the questionnaire using their smartphones and were then interviewed regarding perceived barriers and enablers to using and completing the questionnaire. Interview questions were based on the Theoretical Domains Framework to identify the determinants of health-related behavior. We generated themes that addressed the enablers and barriers to the uptake and completion of the questionnaire.

Results

In total, 12 participants were interviewed for saturation. Key enablers were as follows: the questionnaire was easy to complete without additional knowledge or skills and was perceived as a priority and responsibility for patients, use could lead to more efficient and personalized care, completion on one’s own time would be convenient, and uptake and completion could be optimized through patient reminders. Concerns about data security, the usefulness of questionnaire data, the stress of completing it accurately and on time, competing priorities, and preferences to complete the questionnaire on other devices were the main barriers.

Conclusions

The barriers and enablers identified by patients should be addressed by developing implementation strategies to enhance e-questionnaire use and completion by patients. As the use of e-questionnaires grows, our findings will contribute to implementation efforts across settings and diseases.
Urban sprawl functional-structural changes in neighborhood settlements: Case of study Shiraz
Authors: Kamanroodi Kojuri Musa , Jafarpour Ghalehteimouri KAMRAN , Janbazi Ali , Azizpour Farhad
Published: October 2020

Sprawl is one of the forms of expansion that has entered the literature of urban management and planning in the last half-century. Iranian cities are very good example for city sprawl and they have experienced this kind of expansion in very short period and very fast. This paper aims to identify, describe, and analyze Shiraz scatter and sprawl development and its resulting functional-structure, this research is based on exploratory, descriptive and analytical methods. Data collection in this research is through the secondary data and fieldwork research techniques. Data analysis demands descriptive and inferential statistics (Pearson regression correlation). This study suggests that since 1952 Shiraz city has experienced rapid growth, continuous and non-continuous. The proportion of scatter and sprawl development with respect to Shiraz expansion increased from 22.02 in 1957-1967 to 72.8 in 1977-2007. There are three period the first rapid development between 1957 and 2967 after that 5 years gap and the next period which is longer from 30 years between 1977 and 2007.  This turning points is in two specific periods are as the result of some consequences: Conversion of agricultural function as a predominant economic function in neighboring communities, into multi-functional agricultural function with emphasis upon services; of some of the rural settlements into Shiraz; The development of extended spatial, administrative, economic, social and structural changes in residential part of Shiraz. Therefore, socioeconomic activities are the main cause of urban sprawl in Shiraz and made Shiraz the most attractive place for in Fars Province. Population growth with correlation between degree of Shiraz scatter development and number of people engaged to service sector by 0.9 has caused a dramatically decline in agriculture (-0.8) and industry (-0.811) sectors. As result rapid urban population growth rate correlation by (0.127) and urbanization coefficient (0.726) and it shows urban and rural migration very important role on scatter development.
Greenhouse Gas Pollution Based on Energy use and its Mitigation Potential in the City of Surakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Setyono Prabang , Himawan Widhi , Sari Cynthia Permata , Gunawan Totok , Murti Sigit Heru
Published: October 2020

Considered as a trigger of climate change, greenhouse gas (GHG) is a global environmental issue. The City of Surakarta in Indonesia consists mainly of urban areas with high intensities of anthropogenic fossil energy consumption and, potentially, GHG emission. It is topographically a basin area and most likely prompts a Thermal Inversion, creating a risk of accumulation and entrapment of air pollutants or GHGs at low altitudes. Vegetation has been reported to mitigate the rate of increase in emissions because it acts as a natural carbon sink. This study aimed to mitigate the GHG emissions from energy consumption in Surakarta and formulate recommendations for control. It commenced with calculating the emission factors based on the IPCC formula and determining the key categories using the Level Assessment approach. It also involved computing the vegetation density according to the NDVI values of the interpretation of Sentinel 2A imagery. The estimation results showed that in 2018, the emission loads from the energy consumption in Surakarta reached 1,217,385.05 (tons of CO2e). The key categories of these emissions were electricity consumption, transportation on highways, and the domestic sector, with transportation on highways being the top priority. These loads have exceeded the local carrying capacity because they create an imbalance between emission and natural GHG sequestration by vegetations.
Identification of Upwelling Area of the Western Territorial Waters of Indonesia From 2000 To 2017
Authors: Supriyadi Eko , Hidayat Rahmat
Published: October 2020

The Western Waters of Indonesian (WWI) present a diverse interaction of ocean-atmosphere dynamics. One of them represents the event of Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD), El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO), and upwelling. The objective of this study is to determine the dynamics of chlorophyll-a concentration (Chl–a), especially during IOD and ENSO. Also, this study is aimed to examine the temporal and spatial distribution of the upwelling area from 2000 to 2017. The data utilized consisted of Chl–a, wind stress, Sea Level Anomaly (SLA), and Sea Surface Temperature (SST). The technique used to determine the upwelling area was by examining the maximum conditions of Chl–a, the low temperature of SST, and SLA. The results showed the sea surface temperature had a relationship with the concentration of Chl–a. It was obtained if the Directional Movement Index (DMI) and N3.4 (Niño 3.4 Index) moved stably (not too fluctuation) resulting in high concentrations of Chl–a. High standard deviations of SST are recognized around the Sunda Strait (June – October). When the standard deviation of SST is high, there is also a tendency for high Chl–a concentrations, while the results of empirical calculations show that large areas of upwelling occurred in January and September respectively at 12,447.72 km2 and 8,146.20 km2. Based on the results of the analysis, it can be concluded that the upwelling does not only occur at the coastal area of Western Sumatra (coastal upwelling), but it also occurs in the eastern territorial waters of the Indian Ocean. In addition, the upwelling area has the same pattern as the Chl–a concentration in January - October.
Land Surface Temperature Assessment in Central Sumatra, Indonesia
Authors: Prasetya Tofan Agung Eka , Munawar Munawar , Taufik Muhammad Rifki , Chesoh Sarawuth , Lim Apiradee , McNeil Don
Published: October 2020

Land Surface Temperature (LST) assessment can explain temperature variation, which may be influenced by factors such as elevation, land cover, and the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI). In this study, a multiple linear regression model of LST variation was constructed based on data from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) aboard NASA’s Terra satellite, relating to the period, 2000-2018. The highest LST variation of nearly 1.3 °C/decade was found in savanna areas while the lowest variation was in the evergreen broadleaf forest and woody savanna, which experienced a decrease of 2.1 °C/decade. The overall mean change of LST was -0.4 °C/decade and the regression model with LST as the dependent variable and elevation, land cover type, and NVDI as independent variables produced an R square of 0.376. The variation in LST was different depending upon the NDVI.
Assessment of Road Rehabilitation in Ibadan, Nigeria
Authors: Yoade Adewale , Olanrewaju Samson Olaitan , Adeyemi Sesan Adeniyi
Published: October 2020

The study examined road rehabilitation in Ibadan North East Local Government of Oyo State, Nigeria. The data used in this study was obtained from both primary and secondary sources. The primary data was obtained through a reconnaissance survey and administration of the questionnaire. The reconnaissance survey is appropriate to establish the nature of an environment, event or situation before making decisions. The population for this study consists of all the residents available in Ibadan north local government. Both descriptive and thematic content analysis was employed in the analysis. Findings showed that rehabilitation (3.33) is the most desirable facility in the study area. Construction, maintenance, traffic management capacity building and street naming followed with 3.01, 2.56, 2.42, 2.28 and 2.12, respectively. The study concluded that compensation is an important factor that can enhance sustainable urban renewal programme, and therefore resident whose building was affected are to be compensated so that they could secure a better place for living or for their transaction.
Critical Analysis of Javanese Epistemology and Its Relevance to Science Development in Indonesia
Authors: Wikandaru Reno , Cathrin Shely , Satria Erwinsyah , Rianita Dian
Published: October 2020

Humans have developed science to understand the phenomena they face in their lives. As such, the development of science is inexorably linked with epistemology because it emphasizes the question of truth—the focus of epistemology. The development of science and knowledge has been influenced by specific interests, motives, needs, and historic/cultural backgrounds. To ensure that science is developed in a manner best suited for Indonesian society, such development must be rooted in extant Indonesian cultural values, such as those found in Javanese culture. This study attempts to formulate Javanese epistemology as a basis for scientific development in Indonesia. It finds, first, that knowledge is known as “kawruh” among the Javanese people; second, knowledge is not always limited to the cognitive dimension; and third, a specific criterion for truth is harmony, or “pener”. Javanese people consider “rasa” capable of bringing humans to the supreme knowledge. Although objective knowledge exists, every individual achievement of reality is different. Javanese people consider the validity or truthfulness of statements/actions rooted in their harmony with the empirical rational principle of truth and the existing order, following the adage “bener tur pener”.
ОБОРУДОВАНИЕ И ПРОГРАММНО-АППАРАТНЫЙ КОМПЛЕКС ДЛЯ ИСПЫТАНИЙ ЭЛЕКТРОННОЙ КОМПОНЕНТНОЙ БАЗЫ
Authors: Кулибаба А.Я. , Сашов А.А. , Скрипников А.А. , Штукарев А.Ю.
Published: October 2020

В целях повышения эффективности испытаний электронной компонентной базы (ЭКБ) для ракетно-космической техники в НЦ СЭО АО «Российские космические системы» были разработаны: современное испытательное оборудование для проведения электротермотренировки и ускоренных испытаний ЭКБ на надежность; программно-аппаратный комплекс для сбора, хранения и обработки результатов испытаний ЭКБ. Внедрение этих технологий в производственный процесс дало ряд положительных эффектов.
КАСТОМИЗИРОВАННОЕ ОБОРУДОВАНИЕ ДЛЯ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ МАТЕРИАЛОВ КОМПОНЕНТОВ МИКРОЭЛЕКТРОНИКИ И ОПТОЭЛЕКТРОНИКИ
Authors: Юдин М.В.
Published: October 2020

ФГУП ЭЗАН в течение многих лет ведет разработку и серийно производит научное и промышленное физико-термического оборудование. Мы предлагаем не только серийно выпускаемое оборудование. Наши компетенции позволяют нам в короткие сроки разработать и произвести модифицированное или специализированное (кастомизированное) оборудование в соответствии со специфическими задачами наших партеров.
НЕЙРОМОРФНЫЕ ВЫЧИСЛЕНИЯ НА ОСНОВЕ АНТИФЕРРОМАГНИТНЫХ СПИНТРОННЫХ ОСЦИЛЛЯТОРОВ ПОД ВНЕШНИМ ПЕРИОДИЧЕСКИМ ВОЗДЕЙСТВИЕМ
Authors: Сафин А.Р. , Никитов С.А.
Published: October 2020

Исследована теоретически нейроморфная динамика единичного антиферромагнитного спинтронного осциллятора под внешним гармоническим воздействием микроволнового поля. Продемонстрирована реализация нейроморфных вычислений на основе взаимосвязанных спинтронных осцилляторов.
ТРЕХСЛОЙНЫЕ МУЛЬТИФЕРРОИДНЫЕ СТРУКТУРЫ ДЛЯ РЕАЛИЗАЦИИ ЛОГИЧЕСКИХ ОПЕРАЦИЙ В НЕЙРОМОРФНЫХ СЕТЯХ
Authors: Морозова М.А. , Матвеев О.В.
Published: October 2020

Исследованы зависимости передаточных характеристик трехслойной структуры ферромагнитная пленка - сегнетоэлектрик - ферромагнитная пленка от диэлектрической проницаемости сегнетоэлектрического слоя. Показана возможность электрического переключения выходного порта структуры.
МОЛЕКУЛЯРНЫЕ КВАНТОВЫЕ ИНТЕРФЕРЕНЦИОННЫЕ ТРАНЗИСТОРЫ: НОРМАЛЬНО ОТКРЫТЫЕ И НОРМАЛЬНО ЗАКРЫТЫЕ КОНФИГУРАЦИИ
Authors: Шубин Н.М. , Горбацевич А.А.
Published: October 2020

Исследовано влияние туннельной связи с затвором на характеристики квантового интерференционного транзистора. Для нормально закрытого прибора определена оптимальная конфигурация связи с затвором, а также предложен новый механизм управления током, позволяющий реализовать нормально открытый прибор.
ГЕНЕРАЦИЯ ШИРОКОПОЛОСНЫХ ПЕРЕПУТАННЫХ КВАНТОВЫХ СОСТОЯНИЙ СВЕТА В ВЫСОКОНЕЛИНЕЙНЫХ МИКРОСТУКТУРИРОВАННЫХ СВЕТОВОДАХ
Authors: Смирнов М.А. , Федотов И.В. , Смирнова А.М. , Силантьева Л.В. , Желтиков А.М.
Published: October 2020

Особый интерес для различных приложений квантовых технологий вызывают методы генерации широкополосных бифотонов, поскольку они обладают ультракороткими временными корреляциями, высокой скоростью генерации, а также высокой степенью запутанности. Источником таких бифотонов могут служить микроструктурированные волокна благодаря эффекту спонтанного четырехволнового смешения. В ходе проделанной работы экспериментально были исследованы режимы генерации широкополосных перепутанных состояний света в двулучепреломляющем микроструктурированном световоде.
ИСТОЧНИК БИФОТОННОГО ПОЛЯ СО СВЕРХШИРОКИМ СПЕКТРОМ НА ОСНОВЕ ЖЕСТКОЙ ФОКУСИРОВКИ В ЭФФЕКТИВНО ТОНКОМ КРИСТАЛЛЕ
Authors: Пащенко А.В. , Катамадзе К.Г. , Кулик С.П.
Published: October 2020

Предложен новый метод получения широкополосных пространственно одномодовых бифотонных полей. Представлены последние экспериментальные результаты.
La cultura de la rebelión. La Ciudad en el espacio de Moratalaz. Taller de Arquitectura (1969-1970)
Authors: Villaverde Rey Montserrat , Martínez Duran Anna
Published: October 2020

En abril de 1968 se celebra en Barcelona la exposición colectiva MENTE 1, en la que el Taller de Arquitectura, liderado por Ricardo Bofill, expuso su propuesta de Ciudad en el espacio. La presentación, a base de paneles y maquetas abstractos, constituye una muestra aún convencional de un proyecto innovador en lo social y lo arquitectónico. En la posterior definición, concepción y difusión de la Experiencia 1 en Moratalaz (1969-70) se utilizarán otros formatos más rompedores y provocadores, vinculados al arte visual, a las construcciones efímeras y al performance. 
Narrativas burlemarxianas: un proceso de reconocimiento internacional a través de exposiciones de arquitectura
Authors: Polizzo Ana Paula
Published: October 2020

Este artículo busca discutir el proceso de visibilización y legitimación de la obra del paisajista Roberto Burle Marx en los centros hegemónicos de la cultura mundial (Estados Unidos y Europa), a través de exposiciones arquitectónicas. Para ello es necesario comprender los diferentes discursos –ya sean institucionales o curatoriales– que han moldeado la mirada extranjera hacia esta producción, relacionados con aspiraciones culturales de alcance tanto nacional como internacional. 
Effect of aqueous extract of Colocasia esculenta against high-fat diet-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in rats
Authors: Kanala Somasekhar Reddy  , Akkiraju Sudheer  , PamisettyLikitha  Sree  , Bhupalam Pradeepkumar  , Dharmavaram Deepthi  , Chinthaginjala Haranath
Published: October 2020

Non-alcoholic  fatty  liver  disease  (NAFLD)  is becoming  a major  public  health  problem  due  to the increasing incidence of obesity and diabetes in India for the last two decades. The present work is aimed to investigate the effect of aqueous extract of Colocasia esculenta against (AECE) high-fat diet-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in Wistar albino rats. Wistar albino rats were assigned in to four groups as follows; Group I: Normal conventional diet, Group II: High fat diet, Group III & Group IV: Combined high fat diet and different doses of Colocasia esculenta (200 and 400 mg/kg, p.o) for 4 weeks.Treatment with aqueous extract of Colocasia esculenta(200mg/kg,  400mg/kg bw) significantly reduced the body weight and weight gain.   In addition, it also significantly reduced the serum triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, VLDL cholesterol and showed a significant increase in HDL cholesterol as well as significant improvement in liver cholesterol and triglyceride  content.  AECE  treated    rats exhibited  a significant  beneficial  effects  on levels  of  liver  function  markers  and oxidative  stress  and  also  reversed  the  histopathological  changes.The  study  suggested  the  therapeutic  potential  of AECE against NAFLD, acting in part through anti-obesity, antioxidant mechanisms, and liver marker enzymes.
Sub-Acute Toxicity Study of a Type-I Pyrethroid Permethrin on Testis of Mus Musculus
Authors: Zeba Siddiqui  , Ketaki Desai
Published: October 2020

Pesticide usage has witnessed  a rise in the current years to overcome  the glitches of food scarcity because of incessant increase in population. Regardless of its extensive use in agriculture and related fields, these should be properly and thoroughly investigated because of unexplored danger which they bring along.  The present investigation deals about the effects of one such pesticide, Permethrin, belonging to the class of synthetic pyrethroids,  having broad range application in the field of agriculture, as an insect repellent, in lice shampoos, in the treatment of scabies and numerous other commercial uses. Although few reports have documented its adverse effect on the vital organs in different experimental models, there still persist lacunae in literature  about  its effect  on the male reproductive  tissue. Hence,  the present  study was aimed to evaluate  the effects of Permethrin on the male reproductive gonad of Swiss albino mice. Permethrin (130 mg/kg body weight) was administered orally for a period of 21 days after which the biochemical parameters in testis were assayed. The results showed that Permethrin administration lowered the gravimetric indices (body weight p<0.002, organ weight p<0.001) and decreased the levels of protein (p<0.001) and cholesterol (p<0.001), which is an important precursor in the formation of androgens.  Essential enzymes like 3β and 17β hydroxysteroid  dehydrogenase  which  are  pivotal  in  the  steroidogenesis  pathway  were  also  found  to be depleted (p<0.001 and p<0.002 respectively). These findings were further confirmed by the histopathological analysis and indicated that Permethrin had negative effects on the male reproductive system and can be one of the contributing factors leading to infertility.