bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Non-Isothermal Thermogravimetric Analysis of Carbonation Reaction for Enhanced CO2 Capture
Authors: Shaon Md. T. R. , Antor M. H. , Sharon Md. M. R.
Published: October 2024

An in-depth investigation into CaO-based carbonation reaction kinetics for CO2 sorption is being conducted using simultaneous thermal analysis (STA), with the application of advanced thermogravimetric and differential scanning calorimetry techniques. Utilizing advanced thermal analysis system for real-time monitoring of simultaneous measurements of mass changes and thermal effects are conducted, ensuring precision and versatility in data acquisition. The study explores the intricacies of the non-isothermal carbonation process across a wide range of temperatures, shedding light on the temperature-dependent trends in reaction rates. Innovative statistical methods, combining regression techniques and Arrhenius equation, are employed to determine energy and reaction kinetics. The sensitivity of carbonation process to varying pressure conditions is meticulously examined in the study, providing pivotal discernment for optimization of reaction parameters across diverse applications. The integration of STA with statistical modeling alongside systematic analysis of temperature-dependent trends and pressure-order relationships not only enhances the understanding of CO2 capture efficiency but also improves the robustness and accuracy of the findings. Furthermore, meticulous cross-validation with existing studies provides a critical evaluation of the experimental approach’s precision and limitations. This study enhances understanding of CaO carbonation kinetics, providing practical implications for carbon capture processes and contributing to sustainable industrial processes.
Study, Design and Production of a Semi-Automatic Pneumatic Capper in Benin
Authors: VODOUNNOU Edmond Claude , NOUNANGNONHOU Cossi Télesphore , DJOSSOU Armand Ayihaou , SEMASSOU Guy Clarence , DEGAN Gerard , AHOUANNOU Anselme
Published: October 2024

This work constitutes a contribution to the development of the processing of agri-food products. In Benin, processors of agri-food products are facing enormous difficulties. One of the difficulties is the lack of equipment. It is to somewhat alleviate one of their difficulties that this work was carried out for fruit juice producers. Indeed, the lack of equipment affects their production capacity, because the vast majority of their production is carried out using equipment for manual use. With the intention of providing a solution to this problem of producers, through our study, we have proposed a simple tool that they can easily use and at an affordable price for the vast majority of producers. Thus, we carried out a study, design and production of a semi-automatic pneumatic bottle capper. After a study which is based on mathematical models, we made a design using the Top Solide software and proceeded to the production after manufacturing certain parts and purchasing others. We wrote a program that allowed us to automate the capper. The price of the capper is 550,000f CFA including tax. Regarding the results of our work, the capper allows a bottle to be closed between 3 seconds and 6 seconds, i.e. 10 to 20 bottles per minute, therefore 600 to 1200 bottles per hour. This study will therefore ensure rapid production and in sufficient quantity to satisfy customers and all this in record time.
Effects of a Comparative Feedback Method on Peer Feedback Characteristics and Revision Quality
Authors: Stuulen Janneke , Bouwer Renske , Van den Bergh Huub
Published: October 2024

Peer feedback is regularly used in secondary education to improve students’ writing. However, effective implementation can be quite complicated. This study investigates whether a comparative feedback method affects how students provide peer feedback and if revising based on peer feedback is more effective than without feedback. Participants were 65 10th grade secondary students, who each wrote and revised a persuasive text. Classes were randomly assigned to three conditions: comparative (peer) feedback, non-comparative (peer) feedback and a no-peer feedback condition. Results showed that text quality increased after revision in all conditions and that revision in both peer feedback conditions resulted in the highest text quality scores. There were no differences in text quality between these two peer feedback conditions, but students provided feedback quite differently. Students in the non-comparative condition provided more lower-order feedback than students in the comparative condition. Furthermore, those lower-order concerns were more directive and specified than in the comparative condition. In both conditions, the quality of the first draft was related to the number of higher-order concerns. However, there was no relationship between feedback comments and revision quality. Further research is needed to understand what support students need to understand and use comparative peer feedback more effectively for revision.
Threads of Rebellion: Indigenous Gender Dynamics among Nahua, Purépecha, and Totonac women in the Mexico State, Mexico
Authors:   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Galindo Castro Saira Genoveva
Published: October 2024

This comprehensive research investigates the complex nexus of agency, power dynamics, cultural nuances, resistance, and indigenous perspectives, with a particular focus on feminist theories and insights from Sherry Ortner. This research focuses on the perpetuation of traditional gender roles among Nahua, Purépecha, and Totonac women and girls migrating to rural-urban areas in the State of Mexico, specifically San Francisco Tepojaco, Cuautitlán Izcalli, Mexico State, Mexico. It examines how ethnic cultural frameworks and the prevalence of gender-based violence contribute to these roles, utilizing Pierre Bourdieu’s habitus theory. The study advocates for contesting and reforming entrenched gender norms to achieve genuine gender parity. Adopting a materialist and transnational lens, the study underscores the critical need to redefine notions of agency, tethering them to a critique of neoliberal capitalism and confronting the entrenched gender binary prevalent in the neoliberal epoch. It underscores the paramountcy of active and quotidian agency, advocating for an intersectional approach that grapples with the multifaceted dimensions of gender oppression, inclusive of the unique experiences of Nahua, Purépecha, and Totonac communities. Moreover, it underscores the efficacy of collective agency in challenging habitus and reshaping deeply ingrained cultural norms. Within this framework, the paper delves into the perpetuation of traditional gender roles among Nahua, Purépecha, and Totonac women and girls migrating to rural-urban areas in the State of Mexico.
“We will treat you well because you are helping our nation”: Migrant Wives and Functionalist Visions of Belonging in South Korea
Authors:   Global Gender and Sexuality Studies, University at Buffalo, Allen Joshua
Published: October 2024

Over the last three decades, cross-border marriages between non-Korean women and Korean men have become increasingly common, comprising between 4% and 10% of all annual marriages in South Korea since 2005. In this article, I explore the historically evolving gendered, racialized, and classed normativities that migrant wives have confronted during this period. Triangulating between state-collected statistical data; ethnographic, demographic, and legal studies on migrant wives in Korea; and the country’s changing laws and policies on marriage migration, I show how these normativities, or what I term “functionalist visions of belonging,” have defined the legitimacy of migrant wives’ presence primarily in terms of their imagined use-values. I suggest that migrant wives have been interpellated by at least three analytically distinct functionalist visions of belonging over the past three decades: (1) ethnonational, which interpellated them in terms of “blood (dis)similarities”; (2) social-Confucian, which interpellated them in terms of their ability to fulfill gendered Confucian social roles; and (3) biopolitical, which interpellated them in terms of their biological-reproductive potential and also as the molders, not merely the bearers, of future Korean citizens.
Female Monstrosity, Body and The Exorcist (1973)
Authors:   Assistant Professor of English, Ramnarain Ruia Autonomous College, Mumbai, India, Kambli Prachi
Published: October 2024

The present paper attempts to analyse the phenomenon of horror in relation to the female body. The study underscores the ubiquity of representations of female villainy seen across various cultures to understand how monstrosity is constructed and perceived. The study suggests that cultural manifestations of monstrosity often represent the fears, anxieties, and repressions regarding the female or the feminine. It argues that the female body perpetually exists in otherness. The study investigates the primary function of horror in order to call attention to the gendered channel of horror which necessitates the subjugation or brutalization of female characters in horror cinema. Furthermore, the paper also looks at the social implications of portraying recurring female ghosts in media and discusses the relationship between the male and female characters in horror. Alongside elaborating on female identity and its relation to horror, the paper analyses the condition of horror and monstrosity in the cult-classic film, The Exorcist. Deviating from its commonly studied elements, this research strives to identify and deconstruct how the film achieves monstrosity through the body of the female victim.
Swipe Right for Tradition: Decoding Gender Constructs in Modern Indian Matrimony through Media Representations
Authors:   The English and Foreign Languages University, Hyderabad, Mukherjee Sreya
Published: October 2024

This paper examines the portrayal of arranged marriages in India as depicted in mainstream media with a special focus on Netflix’s Indian Matchmaking. It utilises an intersectional feminism framework to explore themes of colourism, casteism, and gender discrimination within the context of Indian matrimony. Methodologically, the study employs a qualitative content analysis of specific episodes and character interactions within the documentary-style format of Indian Matchmaking. By analysing these depictions, the paper aims to uncover how mainstream media reflects and perpetuates societal norms and discriminatory practices inherent in the Indian matrimonial tradition. Through detailed examination, the findings highlight the ways in which the Netflix series perpetuates entrenched patriarchal structures and regressive value systems, illustrating the complexities of identity negotiation within the marriage market. The analysis demonstrates that while the series provides a platform for cross-cultural exploration, it simultaneously reinforces harmful ideologies and existing power dynamics. The paper concludes by discussing the broader implications of media representation for social discourses on gender equality and social justice, emphasising the dual potential of popular culture to both perpetuate and subvert dominant narratives.
The Position and Role of Women in the Private Sphere of the Slovene Counter-Revolutionary Camp
Authors:   University of Ljubljana, Slovenia, Suligoj Julija
Published: October 2024

This study delves into the transformative effects of World War II on women’s lives on the home front in what is now the Republic of Slovenia. It focuses on the Slovensko domobranstvo (Slovene Home Guard), a counter-revolutionary movement, and examines women’s roles within the family and their contributions to the movement’s ideology. The movement used anti-communist propaganda to emphasize women’s roles as key supporters of the regime’s social model. Despite traditional gender norms confining women to roles as wives and homemakers, this paper explores how women managed their dual responsibilities during wartime. Utilizing journals such as Slovensko domobranstvo and Domovina in Kmetski list, which were crucial educational tools for the anti-communist camp, the study highlights the daily lives of women linked to the Slovene Home Guard. The research contextualizes the division of roles between private and public spheres, emphasizing women’s adaptability and contributions within the broader narrative of wartime mobilization and ideological indoctrination. This exploration enhances our understanding of gender roles, the home front, and women’s positions during World War II in Slovene territory.
Regulatory Quality in the International Circulation of Medicinal Products
Authors: Aladysheva Zh. A. , Beregovykh V. V. , Brkich G. E. , Meshkovskiy A. P. , Belyaev V. V. , Pyatigorskaya N. V.
Published: October 2024

Since 2014, the World Health Organization has been implementing a large-scale project to strengthen and develop national regulatory systems, which is aimed at increasing the availability of safe, effective and high-quality medicines and medical devices for the population of all countries, but primarily low- and middle-income countries. The project analyzes the maturity of national regulatory systems using a global benchmarking tool developed based on various regulatory authority assessment systems and has undergone extensive discussion and pilot testing; the results of national authorities that have reached high levels of maturity are published. A WHO List of Regulatory Authorities is also being formed, replacing the previously used concept of "stringent regulatory authorities". This List is recommended for use in regulatory reliance procedures by national regulatory authorities, purchasing structures of various levels and status: commercial, public, state or international. The regulatory quality of drug regulation is one of the critical factors of any national healthcare system. At the global level, it is directly related to goals 1,3,8,9 and 11 of sustainable development defined by the UN. The WHO project under consideration to assess maturity) of the regulatory system of the pharmaceutical sector is fundamentally different from similarly focused projects carried out in the past. First of all, the project focuses not on legal and regulatory/methodological documents, but on institutional and procedural aspects, i.e. on the structure and functions of regulatory bodies. Along with this, the project can have a significant impact on global pharmaceutical markets.
Development of the Social Environment and Economic Activity in the Subjects of the Russian Federation
Authors: Valentey S. D. , Bakhtizin A. R. , Borisova S. V. , Kol’chugina A. V. , Lykova L. N.
Published: October 2024

Russian scientific publications regularly publish materials, the authors of which explore the differences in the levels of socio-economic development of Russian regions. The problem is considered in various aspects, including from the point of view of determining the ability of regional economies to meet the needs of the population living within the borders of the subjects of the Russian Federation. The article presents the results of the rating of the subjects of the Russian Federation for 2019–2023 on the basis of the author’s methodology. With minor changes to the methodology, she continues a series of previously published papers. It is shown that during 2019–2023, for most subjects of the Russian Federation, there was an unstable trend in all three key components of the final index (social, economic, budgetary). There is no pronounced connection between the dynamics of the indicator of the Social Block and the degree of economic activity in the region. The vast majority of regions as a whole successfully overcame the crisis recessions of 2020 and 2022, but in 19 subjects of the Russian Federation the precarious values of the final index were not exceeded in 2023. The drop in the indices of the Social Block in 2020 was less significant than after the start of the support for the social sphere during the pandemic. In 2023, for most subjects of the Russian Federation, there was an upward trend in the Final Index and overcoming the recession associated with sanctions pressure. The response of the regions to this crisis varied, which was reflected in the different dynamics of all three components of the final index (Social, Economic and Budgetary blocks). A pronounced and growing dependence of the dynamics of the Social Block on federal transfers is shown both for regions with a downward trend in the index of the Economic block and for regions with an increase in economic activity.
Spatial Development Strategy of the Russian Federation: Old Problems, New Solutions
Authors: Gligich-Zolotareva M. V.
Published: October 2024

The current Spatial Development Strategy of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2025 has not solved a number of tasks in this area. The level of differentiation of the socio-economic development of the subjects of the Russian Federation, their budgetary and infrastructural security remains high. Citizens have not been provided with equal access to State-guaranteed services. The current mechanisms for the allocation of productive forces and the resettlement of the population are often non-systemic in nature. In addition, the external and internal conditions for the development of the country's economy and social sphere have changed significantly by now. The Russian Federation includes 4 new regions. The concentration of population and infrastructure facilities in the largest urban agglomerations hinders the overcoming of regional imbalances. The task of ensuring the unity of the legal, economic, financial, social, cultural and educational space remains urgent. The issue of the ongoing population decline in the territories of the North, Siberia and the Far East, as well as the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation, is acute. Insufficient development of transport and energy infrastructure limits the potential of the regions, hinders the solution of tasks to increase the connectivity of the country's territory. In this regard, the task of smoothing out interregional imbalances by maximizing the full disclosure of the regions and municipalities’ own potential, and creating a comfortable living environment for citizens throughout the country is of strategic importance. This is the aim of the draft Strategy of spatial Development of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2030 with a forecast up to 2036. The article attempts to answer the question: how much is the new version of the Strategy able to solve the accumulated problems in this area?
Characterising Rice Straw Ash: Unlocking the Potential of Agricultural Residues
Authors: Shah Tejasi , Ray Chaudhuri Ranjana , Soni Udit , Shrivastava Manoj , Venkatesh G
Published: October 2024

Air pollution has become a scourge to contend with in India. The recorded concentrations of particulate matter (PM) in the atmosphere, the unabated emission of pollutants from vehicular exhausts, and recurring episodes of extremely poor condition (AQI>300) in the winter months, have rightfully and necessarily, spurred efforts in the industrial, governmental and research spheres to alleviate its detrimental impacts. Various point sources like biomass burning, coal combustion for power generation, and traditional agricultural practices such as stubble burning, collectively contribute to a steady rise in ambient particulate matter (PM) pollution. This study focuses on the utilization of rice straw – an abundant agricultural residue in a country like India – motivated by promoting and contributing to the soil-to-soil circularity paradigm. It encompasses the characterisation of straw ash from the rice, by delineating its physical properties, thermal characteristics, and chemical composition with the help of Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Electron Probe Microanalysis (EPMA), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS). The results indicate that rice straw ash (RSA) possesses high silica content and favorable thermal stability. The RSA exhibited a porous structure, which enhances nutrient adsorption and microbial activity. Its incorporation into soil significantly improved soil nutrition and health, promoting a more sustainable agricultural practice. Entrenching this soil-to-soil thinking will contribute directly and indirectly to a host of sustainable development goals in a future Indian circular bioeconomy.
Why Are We Not on the Road to Save the Earth and Us? Indirect Drivers of the Anthropogenic Impacts on Environment
Authors: Sabo Peter , Sabová Ľudmila , Turisová Ingrid , Plašienková Zlatica
Published: October 2024

The growth of anthropogenic impacts on environment rapidly acelerated since 1950s and led to overshooting of several planetary ecological thresholds, decreasing the Earth´s ability to support our civilization. Even the concept of sustainability did not lead to recognition of necessary limits to this growth. These limits define the framework of our study on the roots of the current environmental crisis. Numerous studies have been devoted to environmental degradation, but analyses of its indirect driving forces are often fragmentary and confusing. We have attempted to provide a systemic assessment of three groups of indirect drivers by reflecting new physical ones and adding the paradigmatic drivers – such as the mechanical heritage and low reflection of life´s awesome complexity. A paradigm shift is required, as the current paradigm is incompatible with the reality of the Earth´s life support systems erosion. We also strived to contribute to much debated value-based category analysis. This underlines complexity of the driving forces of the crisis. Moreover, some absurd theories of how to come out of the crisis were mentioned. We stress the opportunity for Christians to put into practice the biblical messages to become caring stewards of nature in the God's image.
Zmianowy system pracy i jego wpływ na stan zdrowia pielęgniarek
Authors: Rybka Mariola , Gładyszewska Beata
Published: October 2024

Wstęp. Praca zmianowa polega na realizacji zadań zgodnie z określonym harmonogramem pracy przez pracowników zatrudnionych na tych samych stanowiskach pracy, ale w różnych przedziałach czasowych. Dotyczy to pracy w godzinach rannych, popołudniowych jak i nocnych. Praca zmianowa obejmuje dyżury 12- lub nawet 24-godzinne. Zakłócenia rytmu okołodobowego wpływają negatywnie na zdrowie. Brak snu, długotrwałe czuwanie przyczyniają się do pojawienia się problemów bio-psycho-społecznych, a w konsekwencji – do rozwijania się stanów chorobowych.
Cel. Celem niniejszej pracy jest ocena wpływu zmianowego systemu pracy na stan zdrowia pielęgniarek/ pielęgniarzy.
Materiały i metody. Badania przeprowadzono wśród 100 pielęgniarek/arzy pracujących w systemie zmianowym o zróżnicowanej formie zatrudnienia w Wojewódzkim Szpitalu Specjalistycznym im. Błogosławionego księdza Jerzego Popiełuszki we Włocławku. Badanie przeprowadzono w formie sondażu diagnostycznego. Narzędziem badawczym była Ateńska Skala Bezsenności (AIS), która oparta jest na kryteriach ICD-10. Na przeprowadzenie badań uzyskano zgodę Komisji Bioetycznej Państwowej Uczelni Zawodowej we Włocławku numer 32/22. Oraz zgodę dyrektora podmiotu leczniczego.
Wyniki. Bezsenność stanowiła główny problem wskazywany przez respondentów wynikający z pracy zmianowej. Z przeprowadzonych badań wynika, że większość badanych (71%) odczuwa zaburzenia rytmu dobowego dzień-noc w związku ze zmianowym systemem pracy. Znaczna grupa, bo 47% badanych jest raczej zadowolona z pracy w systemie zmianowym natomiast co 5 osoba wyraża zdecydowane niezadowolenie z pracy w porze nocnej.
Wnioski. Na podstawie wyników badań własnych wykazano, że istnieje istotna statystycznie zależność między pracą w systemie zmianowym a odczuwaniem zaburzeń rytmu okołodobowego. Ponadto istnieje statystyczna zależność między pracą w systemie zmianowym a wpływem tego systemu na relacje rodzinne. Pojawiają się trudności w utrzymaniu regularnych kontaktów z rodziną, wspólnego spędzania czasu, co przekłada się na symptomy negatywnych relacji rodzinnych i towarzyskich. Zmianowy system pracy obejmujący pracę w porze nocnej ma wpływ na zdrowie psychiczne oraz jakość życia pracowników
Quality of life and multimorbidity in elderly people
Authors: Terzieva Antoineta , Stambolova Ivanka , Vasileva Nadka
Published: October 2024

Introduction. Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is part of the general concept (QoL) and represents the overall impact of the disease and its treatment on the person/family. Multimorbidity is a condition that refers to the presence of two or more chronic diseases accompanying an individual's life. In the older population, it is quite common, due to age-related physiological changes and increased susceptibility to chronic diseases. Their growth to an epidemic state increases their negative impact on the socio-economic development of societies and worsens the nation's health indicators.
Aim. The present study aims to establish the quality of life of people with chronic diseases, offering guidelines for its enhancement, as well as limiting the main risk factors that affect it.
Material and methods. A survey of patients with chronic diseases was conducted. Covers 100 patients on a random basis, randomized only by age (over 55 years old), in GP practices, "Vrabnitsa" district - Sofia, carried out in the period February - April 2024.
Results. Diabetes mellitus, hypertensive heart disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, gastroesophageal disease remain at the top of the list of the most common chronic diseases, and each of them has its burden on the patient's quality of life, through social isolation, deformity or disability.
Conclusions. 1. The limitation of risk factors will lead to a drastic reduction in the spread of diseases and complications that lower the quality of life. 2. Multimorbidity in the elderly has a significant impact on their quality of life. 3. Good collaboration between patients, their doctors, nurses and relatives is an important part of the actions to increase the quality of life of these patients.
Analysis of the severity of symptoms of acute diarrhoea caused by rotaviruses in children and the level of parental knowledge about the prevention of this condition
Authors: Kochman Dorota , Szmygel Lisa
Published: October 2024

Introduction. Gastrointestinal infections in young children in the form of acute diarrhoea of viral aetiology constitute a serious epidemiological and therapeutic problem.
Aim. The aim of the study is to determine the severity of symptoms of acute rotavirus diarrhoea in children and to evaluate the level of parental knowledge about the factors predisposing to this condition and the preventive measures.
Material and methods. A group of 100 individuals aged 18 to 40, parents of children under the age of 4 who were hospitalised due to acute diarrhoea, was surveyed. The questions concerned determining the severity of symptoms of acute diarrhoea in children of rotavirus aetiology and assess the level of parental knowledge about the factors predisposing to this condition and preventive measures. The study utilised the diagnostic survey method with a self-designed questionnaire, as well as a standardised questionnaire for assessing the child's condition on admission and the CDS scale.
Results. The analysis of the results showed that parental knowledge about the course, management, and prevention of infectious diarrhoea in children is low. Parents tend to avoid seeking information from nurses and physicians, instead relying on media and Internet sources, which they consider as credible. The study identified sociodemographic factors that influence parental knowledge.
Conclusions. Age, education, and place of residence significantly influence parental knowledge about the course, management, and prevention of infectious diarrhea in children. It was found that the gender of the parents does not have a significant impact on the level of knowledge regarding the disease in question.
Comparison of item characteristic analysis models of reading literacy test with polytomous Item Response Theory
Authors: Harsana Firyal Nabila , Retnawati Heri , Dewanti Septinda Rima , Lumenyela Rogers Andrew , Sotlikova Rimajon , Adzima Maulana Fatahillah , Septiana Atut Reni
Published: October 2024

This study aims to compare the analysis model of the characteristics of reading literacy items with the polytomous item response theory, which uses the Graded Response Model (GRM), Partial Credit Model (PCM), Generalized Partial Credit Model (GPCM), and Nominal Reasons Model (NRM). This research is quantitative research in nature, and secondary data were used from about 1000 test takers’ responses to reading literacy items in the 2018 reading literacy study analyzed with the R program. This model comparison was carried out so that the analysis results obtained were more accurate in representing the level of reading literacy skills in Indonesia. The results show that the GPCM model is the fit model with an AIC value of 23753.89 and a BIC value of 24042.45, and the number of suitable testlets is 7 out of a total of 7 testlets. Based on the relationship between information function scores and SEM, reading literacy items provide higher information when participants’ abilities range between -2.3 and +2.
Development of a training manual to enhance agriculturists' knowledge and skills in using African nightcrawler earthworm fertilizer for environmental conservation
Authors:   Research Unit Environment, Culture, Education, Herbs and Biodiversity, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham, Thailand, Wongchantra Prayoon , Ongon Suparat ,   Research Unit Environment, Culture, Education, Herbs and Biodiversity, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham, Thailand, Ponsen Siripan ,   Faculty of Technology, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham, Thailand, Aengwanch Worapol ,   Stress and Oxidative Stress in Animal Research Unit, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham, Thailand, Junkaew Likhit ,   Research Unit Environment, Culture, Education, Herbs and Biodiversity, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham, Thailand, Sookngam Kannika ,   Research Unit Environment, Culture, Education, Herbs and Biodiversity, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham, Thailand, Praimee Uraiwan ,   Research Unit Environment, Culture, Education, Herbs and Biodiversity, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham, Thailand
Published: October 2024

The aim of this research was to create a training manual that promotes the use of African nightcrawler earthworm fertilizer for environmental conservation among agriculturists. Additionally, the study aimed to compare the knowledge, attitudes, and skills related to using African nightcrawler earthworm fertilizer for environmental conservation before and after training. The sample included 30 agriculturists from Ban Han, Moo 4, Kwao sub-district, Muang district, Maha Sarakham province. Research instruments included a training manual, knowledge test, attitude test, and skills test related to the use of the fertilizer. Data were analyzed using percentage, mean, standard deviation, and paired t-test with a statistical significance level of .05. The findings were as follows: 1) The training manual was found to be effective, with an efficiency rate of 88.93/81.07, meeting the established criteria. Agriculturists showed a 65.15% improvement in their knowledge of African nightcrawler earthworm fertilizer for environmental conservation after using the manual. 2) The agriculturists' average scores in knowledge, attitude, and practical skills related to using the fertilizer were significantly higher after training, with a statistical significance level of .05.
Using Machine Learning to Predict the Duration of Atrial Fibrillation: Model Development and Validation
Authors: Shimoo Satoshi , Senoo Keitaro , Okawa Taku , Kawai Kohei , Makino Masahiro , Munakata Jun , Tomura Nobunari , Iwakoshi Hibiki , Nishimura Tetsuro , Shiraishi Hirokazu , Inoue Keiji , Matoba Satoaki
Published: October 2024

Background

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a progressive disease, and its clinical type is classified according to the AF duration: paroxysmal AF, persistent AF (PeAF; AF duration of less than 1 year), and long-standing persistent AF (AF duration of more than 1 year). When considering the indication for catheter ablation, having a long AF duration is considered a risk factor for recurrence, and therefore, the duration of AF is an important factor in determining the treatment strategy for PeAF.

Objective

This study aims to improve the accuracy of the cardiologists’ diagnosis of the AF duration, and the steps to achieve this goal are to develop a predictive model of the AF duration and validate the support performance of the prediction model.

Methods

The study included 272 patients with PeAF (aged 20-90 years), with data obtained between January 1, 2015, and December 31, 2023. Of those, 189 (69.5%) were included in the study, excluding 83 (30.5%) who met the exclusion criteria. Of the 189 patients included, 145 (76.7%) were used as training data to build the machine learning (ML) model and 44 (23.3%) were used as test data for predictive ability of the ML model. Using a questionnaire, 10 cardiologists (group A) evaluated whether the test data (44 patients) included AF of more than a 1-year duration (phase 1). Next, the same questionnaire was performed again after providing the ML model’s answer (phase 2). Subsequently, another 10 cardiologists (group B) were shown the test results of group A, were made aware of the limitations of their own diagnostic abilities, and were then administered the same 2-stage test as group A.

Results

The prediction results with the ML model using the test data provided 81.8% accuracy (72% sensitivity and 89% specificity). The mean percentage of correct answers in group A was 63.9% (SD 9.6%) for phase 1 and improved to 71.6% (SD 9.3%) for phase 2 (P=.01). The mean percentage of correct answers in group B was 59.8% (SD 5.3%) for phase 1 and improved to 68.2% (SD 5.9%) for phase 2 (P=.007). The mean percentage of answers that differed from the ML model’s prediction for phase 2 (percentage of answers where cardiologists did not trust the ML model and believed their own determination) was 17.3% (SD 10.3%) in group A and 20.9% (SD 5%) in group B and was not significantly different (P=.85).

Conclusions

ML models predicting AF duration improved the diagnostic ability of cardiologists. However, cardiologists did not entirely rely on the ML model’s prediction, even if they were aware of their diagnostic capability limitations.
“I was always at the library”: Teen Perspectives on Integrating Digital Mental Health Programs into Public Libraries (Preprint)
Authors: Knapp Ashley , Cohen Katie , Kruzan Kaylee , Kornfield Rachel , Herrera Miguel , Pederson Aderonke B , Lee Sydney , Macapagal Kathryn , Roulston Chantelle A , Clarke Kaleigh , Wijaya Clarisa , Simmons Robert , Jackson Latonia , Kour Simrandeep , Franco Sandra , Mohr David C
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND

Rising rates of anxiety among teens necessitate innovative approaches for implementating evidence-based mental health support. Public libraries, seen as safe spaces for patrons with marginalized identities offer free public services like broadband internet access, may serve as promising sites for implementation of digital mental health programs targeted to teens.

OBJECTIVE

The purpose of this study is to examine how teens who attend their local public library experience anxiety, what support they are interested in receiving, and how digital mental health programs can meet their needs.

METHODS

Teens who frequent the public library (n = 16, M age = 15.2) completed individual, semi-structured interviews designed to elicit recommendations for designing and implementing digital tools in libraries to improve teen mental health. Interview transcripts were coded inductively by multiple coders to synthesize key themes.

RESULTS

Teens reported experiencing uncontrollability, unpredictability, and anger related to their anxiety, which they managed by using strategies such as guided breathing, distress tolerance, and social connection. They stressed the importance of context and anxiety severity in choosing anxiety management strategies when anxious. Teens underscored the centrality of the public library in their lives and their view of it as a safe space where they can easily access resources and connect with friends and trusted adults. When considering the design of a digital mental health program implemented into libraries, they suggested including personalization for different identities, gamification, and simple navigation. They also emphasized that their end goal was to use the skills learned in the digital mental health program “offline.”

CONCLUSIONS

Teens who frequent public libraries expressed interest in receiving digital tools via libraries to help them manage anxiety. The recommendations they provided will help inform future research on the adaptation and implementation of digital mental health programs for teens in public libraries.
Contextual Teaching Strategies in the Grammar Instruction of Teaching Chinese as a Foreign Language
Authors: Wang Yijie
Published: October 2024

Against the backdrop of globalization, the international status of the Chinese language has been increasingly elevated. However, its unique grammatical features pose significant challenges to non-native learners. Traditional grammar instruction focuses on the impartation of grammatical rules, neglecting the application of language in authentic contexts, which affects the accuracy of learners' Chinese communication. This paper analyzes the theoretical basis and practical application of contextual teaching strategies, demonstrating their significant advantages in improving the effectiveness of Chinese grammar instruction: they can promote the internalization and transfer of learners' language knowledge and enhance their cross-cultural communication skills. By analyzing the current implementation of these strategies, the paper profoundly analyzes the challenges faced in teaching, including the limitations of existing textbooks, the difficulty of teachers' preparation, and the constraints of classroom teaching time. It also proposes corresponding countermeasures and suggestions to support the practice and research of Chinese grammar instruction.
Auswahl und Evaluation der Josef-Ressel Zentren und Kontextualisierung in der Forschungslandschaft
Authors:   Ehem. Fachhochschule Vorarlberg, Fredersdorf Frederic , Gerzabek Martin , Hanley Angelika , Müller Brigitte
Published: October 2024

Mit den Josef Ressel Zentren (JR-Zentren) steht Österreichs Fachhochschulen ein spezielles Premiumprodukt der nationalen Forschungsförderung zur Verfügung. Seit 2012 ist die Förde-rung von JR-Zentren integraler Bestandteil der Christian Doppler Forschungsgesellschaft (CDG), deren Fördermodell (Christian Doppler Labors bzw. CD-Labors) bis dato ausschließlich auf Öster-reichs Universitäten ausgerichtet gewesen war. Mit zunehmender Bedeutung österreichischer Fachhochschulen für Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft war es jedoch an der Zeit gewesen, ein spezifi-sches Programm für diesen Bildungssektor aufzulegen. Im Rahmen eines nationalen und inter-nationalen Peer-Review- und Evaluierungsprozesses betreiben JR-Zentren in Kooperation mit Unternehmen angewandte Bottom-Up-Forschung im naturwissenschaftlich-technischen Be-reich. Österreichs Fachhochschulen können damit ihre Forschungsqualität auf internationalem Niveau ausbauen und strategische Forschungscluster nachhaltig verankern.
Assessment Digital Pro Bootcamps. Endbericht
Authors:   KMU Forschung Austria, Dorr Andrea , Heckl Eva , Petzlberger Karin
Published: October 2024

Die Digital Pro Bootcamps sind ein Förderformat der FFG zur Entwicklung von Humanressourcen in Österreich. Konkretes Ziel des vorliegenden Assessments ist es, alle geförderten Projekte aus der Pilotausschreibung des Programms „Forschungskompetenzen für die Wirtschaft“ sowie der 2. Ausschreibung des Programms „Digital Pro Bootcamps“ zu evaluieren. Dazu wurde untersucht, wie die Digital Pro Bootcamps gestaltet wurden, vor welchen Herausforderungen die geförderten Organisationen standen und welche Wirkungen die Teilnahme auf die beteiligten Unternehmen, Hochschulen und Forschungseinrichtungen hatte. Zur Veranschaulichung der Effektivität des Förderformats auf Projektebene wurden darüber hinaus „Success Stories“ erarbeitet und Schlussfolgerungen auch in Hinblick auf künftige Qualifizierungsförderungen abgeleitet.
Smart Electric Dashboard for 2-Wheeler
Authors: Jagtap Roshan , Yadav Tejas , Kadam Abhishek
Published: October 2024

Abstract: This paper aims to enhance the efficiency of manual actuation and automation for sliding of side-stand to increase the safety of the rider. In the modern developing world, automobile plays an important role especially two-wheeler i.e. (motorcycles& bikes) plays a major role. The purpose of the Automatic Side Stand Slider project is to design, develop, and implement an automated system for deploying and retracting the side stand of a motorcycle. The project aims to enhance safety, convenience, and stability for motorcycle riders by automating the side stand operation based on predefined criteria and user preferences.
Study on Optimizing Inventory to Minimize Waste in the Fresh Produce Supply Chain
Authors: J Lavanya , Mazumdar Chandra Sen , Singh Ayush
Published: October 2024

Abstract: The increasing demand for fresh produce, particularly greens, presents unique challenges in inventory management due to their short shelf life and susceptibility to spoilage. Inefficient management often results in significant waste, leading to financial losses for retailers and increased environmental burdens from the disposal of spoiled goods. Despite various strategies being employed in the agri-food sector, gaps remain in understanding how to optimize inventory levels to minimize waste at the retails level while maintaining high service levels for customers. This research aims to develop an inventory management model tailored to fresh produce that can mitigate these issues by balancing stock availability and minimizing wastage, particularly in large retail shops. To address the research problem, a mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) model was developed, focusing on three service levels—90%, 92%, and 95%—to evaluate the trade-offs between customer satisfaction and total inventory costs. The model incorporates key constraints, including stock balance, shelf-life limitations, and demand satisfaction. The model was validated using actual data, including stock, sales, and wastage records for the month of August, 2024. The objective function aimed to minimize total costs, encompassing holding costs, wastage, and lost revenue. The findings indicate that higher service levels, while reducing stockouts, significantly increase costs due to excess inventory and waste. The most cost-effective solution was observed at the 90% service level, which balanced waste reduction and customer satisfaction. The study also emphasizes the importance of integrating total cost reduction and minimize wastage. Future work should focus on incorporating consumer behavior patterns and extending the model to multi-echelon inventory systems, which include both distribution centers and retail outlets, to capture a more holistic view of the supply chain.
Mechanical Properties Evaluation of Fly Ash Bricks in Masonry Construction
Authors: Rashid Fahad
Published: October 2024

Abstract: In the context of sustainable construction practices, the utilization of industrial by-products like fly ash in brick manufacturing is gaining popularity. This study aims to evaluate the mechanical properties of fly ash bricks, such as compressive strength, water absorption, flexural (rupture) strength, density, and efflorescence, and compares them to traditional burnt clay bricks commonly used in Pakistan. Experimental results show that fly ash bricks exhibit higher compressive and rupture strength and lower water absorption compared to conventional clay bricks. However, moderate levels of efflorescence in fly ash bricks suggest room for improvement in certain applications. The percent difference between fly ash and clay bricks has been calculated to quantify their suitability for masonry construction in Pakistan. This research contributes to the understanding of how fly ash bricks could serve as an alternative in construction materials with a lower environmental footprint.
Federated Learning for Personalized Financial Recommendations
Authors: Patil Aditya , Maske Rohit
Published: October 2024

Abstract: Federated Learning (FL) has been the solution to one of those biggest contributors that have scared us from using Machine learning, i.e. Privacy [ for sensitive domains like finance ]. This survey focuses on leveraging Federated Learning in creating personalized recommendation systems for financial products such as loans, investment plans, credit cards and savings. For example, classical recommendation systems usually work in a centralized way to store a lot of sensitive financial data (or derivative structures), this setting presents other well-known privacy issues and security risks. FL provides a solution that enables multiple financial institutions to work together to train a global recommendation model without the need any of them to share their raw customer data. The paper reviews federated learning, and some key take ways are on differential privacy and secure aggregation to protect customer data while improving the quality of recommendations. We also talk about how to solve some problems like heterogeneity of the data, model convergence and regulatory constraints required in financial methods. The paper concludes by detailing future directions for federated learning in finance, with focus on how personalized financial recommendations can be dramatically transformed while preserving user privacy.
IOT Based Mining, Tracking and Worker Safety Helmet
Authors: Katkar Anjali Rameshwar , Katkar Renuka Prabhakar , Tajane Dipali Macchindra , Phiske Prof. Umesh Balkishan , Shinde Dr. B. E.
Published: October 2024

Abstract: This project addresses a cost-effective, flexible solution of underground mine workers safety. A module of MEMS and temperature-based sensors are used for underground environment monitoring and automating progression of measurement data through IOT communication technique is proposed with high accuracy, smooth control and reliability. Arduino microcontroller is used for collecting data and making decision, based on which the mine worker is informed through server. Sensor data transforms into digital signal and effectively communicate wirelessly with the ground control centre computer.