bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Desarrollo de micrometraje animado, una propuesta desde el diseño centrado en el usuario con enfoque social
Authors: Mota Mata José Fausto
Published: December 2020

Resumen. En este escrito se describe el proceso de elaboración de un micrometraje animado realizado con el objetivo de fomentar el sentido de pertenencia y arraigo a una comunidad. Como caso de estudio, el proyecto está enfocado hacia usuarios del Fraccionamiento Urbivilla del Cedro, un conjunto habitacional localizado en una de las periferias suroriente en Ciudad Juárez, México. La propuesta en formato de micronarrativa surge a partir de las adecuaciones, generadas por la pandemia del coronavirus SARS-COV2, a un proyecto de diseño social denominado ColorEs Finca Bonita, el cual está enfocado en resignificar paisajes urbanos a través de la gráfica urbana. La metodología para la construcción del micrometraje se basa en un estudio cualitativo de diseño centrado en el usuario, con herramientas de corte etnográfico, donde el investigador asumió un rol de observador participante, así como una perspectiva que considera las actividades en el espacio público urbano. Esto permitió constatar una diversidad de identidades y una serie de prácticas socio-económicas, donde la principal de ellas es la instalación de un mercado informal. Las prácticas responden a la apropiación de un diseño urbano que no favorece a sus habitantes, la mayoría de ellos trabajadores de la industria manufacturera, en una ciudad caracterizada por la fragmentación urbana y expansión hacia las periferias. En suma, la producción del micrometraje se centra en visualizar representaciones espaciales e identitarias para favorecer la construcción de imaginarios y sentido de arraigo a un espacio público.
Teachers’ and Students’ Attitudes Toward the Implementation of the Politeness Principle in Classroom Interactions
Authors: Mohammed Kavi S.
Published: December 2020

Politeness is considered to promote effective interaction between people. In the process of language teaching and learning, it is believed to enhance learning by providing a lively and friendly atmosphere in the classroom (Jiang, 2010). During classroom periods, including class policy, activities, and techniques, a teacher’s language plays a critical role; it also plays an important role while giving academic instructions, motivating the class, and during the evaluation of a student’s performance and participation. This paper approaches classroom interaction from a pragmatic perspective by adopting Leech’s politeness principle and maxims. It aims to answer the following 2 questions: first, “what are the teachers’ attitudes toward the implementation of the politeness principle during classroom interactions?” and second, “what are the students’ attitudes toward the implementation of the politeness principle during classroom interactions?” To achieve the aims of this study by finding answers to the questions, the researcher prepared 2 sets of questionnaires: 1 for the teachers in the English Department and 1 for the fourth year students in the same department at the College of Basic Education, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Erbil, Iran, for the academic year of 2018 to 2019. By analyzing the data collected, it was found that both the teachers and students have positive attitudes toward the politeness maxims and the implementation thereof during classroom interactions; furthermore, there was agreement between the teachers’ and students’ responses to the questionnaires for most of the politeness maxims except in 3 cases, which were for the maxims of sympathy, obligation (S to O), and feeling reticence.
Population dynamics and parasitoid complex of Archips rosana (L.) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in Western Turkey
Authors: Ozen Mustafa , Tarla Sener , Zengin Erdal
Published: December 2020

The rose tortrix moth, Archips rosana (L.) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), is a pest that causes serious crop losses in apple orchards throughout the world. In this study, the population dynamics of A. rosana and its associated parasitoids were investigated in two provinces of Western Turkey (Denizli and Usak) in 2018 and 2019. A total of 318 egg masses, 300 larvae, and 129 pupae were collected from the survey areas. Although no parasitoids were detected in egg masses, ten parasitoid species belonging to Braconidae, Chalcididae, and Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera), and Tachinidae (Diptera), were reared from the samples of larvae and pupae. Phytodietus astutus (Gravenhorst) (Ichneumonidae) was the most abundant parasitoid species, with a relative abundance of 35.1%, followed by Itoplectus maculator (Fabricius) (Ichneumonidae) represented by 27% of the recovered parasitoids. Moreover, P. astutus and Scambus inanis (Schrank) (Ichneumonidae) reared from the samples are the first records from Turkey, while Cotesia glomerata (L.) (Braconidae), Exochus sp.(Ichneumonidae), and Nemorilla maculosa (Meigen) (Tachinidae) are the first records from A. rosana. Using pheromone traps in the apple orchards, the first adult of A. rosana was caught on May 24 in Civril (Denizli) and on May 30 in Sivasli (Usak) in 2019
Spatio-temporal variation of predatory hoverflies (Diptera: Syrphidae) and their relationship with aphids in organic horticultural crops in La Plata, Buenos Aires
Authors: Diaz Lucas María F. , Passareli Lilián M. , Maza Noelia , Aquino Daniel A. , Greco Nancy M. , Rocca Margarita
Published: December 2020

Population variations of predatory hoverflies in agroecosystems depend mainly on the resources that crops and wild vegetation provides them as well as death caused by natural enemies. We identified I) aphidophagous hoverfly species in lettuce and broccoli crops in Buenos Aires, II) the seasonal variations of the immature stages and their larval parasitism, and III) the wild plants, surrounding the crops, visited by adults. Fortnightly, 30 leaves were randomly selected in both crops during 2018-2019 and immature stages of syrphids and aphids per leaf were recorded. Adults were manually collected in patches of the wild plants (during 10 min of direct observations), and plants visited by adults were determined. The hoverflies were Allograpta exotica Wiedemann and Toxomerus duplicatus Wiedemann. Only A. exotica was recorded in crops. The dominant aphids were Myzus persicae (Sulzer) in lettuce and Brevycorine brassicae (L.) in broccoli. Parasitism rates ranged between 8 and 100% and the species were Diplazon laetatorius (Fabricius), in both crops, and Pachyneuron aff. nelsoni only in broccoli. Galinsoga parviflora Cav. and Matricaria chamomilla L. were the wild plants most often visited by hoverflies. This work provides basic information for the control of aphids by hoverflies in the framework of conservation biological control
Molecular detection of Rickettsia bellii in Ixodes loricatus (Acari: Ixodidae) ticks associated with rodents from Buenos Aires province, Argentina
Authors: Melis Mauricio E. , Sebastian Patrick S. , Balcazar Darío E. , Lareschi Marcela , Nava Santiago
Published: December 2020

The aim of this study was the detection of Rickettsia in ticks of sigmodontine rodents from Northeastern Buenos Aires province, Argentina. A total of 222 rodents were captured collecting 10 ticks identified as Ixodes loricatus Neumann, which were analysed by the real-time PCR and conventional PCR techniques. DNA of Rickettsia bellii was detected in nymphs obtained from the rodents Akodon azarae Fischer, Oxymycterus rufus Fischer and Deltamys kempi Thomas. This is the first report of R. bellii infecting I. loricatus in Argentina and the first report of this bacterium associated with ticks of sigmodontine rodents
PERANCANGAN EFEKTIVITAS PERBAIKAN TANAH DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE PREFABRICATED VERTICAL DRAIN
Authors: Chairani Priscilla azzahra
Published: December 2020

As a country that surrounded by active volcanoes, Indonesia has a very diverse clay soil content. However, in reality, clay soil is an unfavorable condition for construction activities because of its low-level of stability. Therefore, when the clay soil receives a static load on it, the soil will slowly have a settlement due to the dissipation of pore water. This settlement usually occurs over a very long period of time, thus, it is necessary to do the soil improvement using Prefabricated Vertical Drain (PVD) combined with preloading in order to shorten the time of soil consolidation so that the consolidation process becomes faster. Soil settlement analysis is calculated using two soil parameters derived from the NSPT correlation data and laboratory test data to determine the most efficient soil parameters. Furthermore, a theoretical soil improvement analysis was carried out by comparing Baron's theory and Hansbo's theory and using the Settle3D analysis program. The analysis results show that the calculation of consolidation settlement using soil parameters from laboratory test results has the closest value to the actual results in the field with a efficiency of 91%. Meanwhile, for soil improvement, the most effective PVD design was chosen using the Hansbo theory with a triangular installation pattern and a spacing of 150 cm combined with a gradual embankment.
ЗМЕНШЕННЯ ЧИСЕЛЬНОСТІ ТРАВ’ЯНОЇ ЖАБИ (RANA TEMPORARIA) ЯК ПОКАЗНИК НЕСТАБІЛЬНОСТІ ЛОКАЛЬНОЇ ЕКОСИСТЕМИ
Authors: Palamarenko O. V.
Published: December 2020

In the 21st century, the existence of many species of amphibians on our planet has become quite problematic due to a number of adverse environmental factors of both natural and anthropogenic origin. Amphibian fauna in Ukraine is not an exception. By conducting a series of field studies and observations, the author has established changes that occurred in the population of the grass frog (Rana temporaria) in the territory of the Lypnyky Forestry of the State Enterprise "Lvivlis". From 2005 to 2019 a number of field studies were conducted and the fact of a sharp decrease in the number of this species was established. During 2005-2009, the number of frogs reached 16 individuals per 1,000 m route. In the last few years, the number is 0.1 individuals per 1000 m of route. The drying up of reservoirs in which amphibians lay eggs spawned a reason for the low success of young frogs after the metamorphosis. First of all, we are talking about large, previously stable reservoirs and, to a lesser extent, ephemeral forest puddles. Over the last 5-7 years, the number of inhabitants has increased significantly in the study area. We are talking about the villages of Solonka, Lypnyky, Kovyri and others located near the forest. Thus, due to the rise of population, the volume of sewage drains also increased. This is a major cause of pollution and degradation of wintering frogs. Due to the low level of oxygen in local ponds, it has become virtually impossible for amphibians to winter. In 2019, due to the drought, we determined the death of caviar laying in different places of the Lypnyky forest. In one of the locations where thousands of frogs metamorphosis successfully completed ten years ago, spawning of single individuals occurred with complete loss of eggs. Therefore, we have obtained and summarized valuable data for a long period of research, formed a prediction for the population of herb frogs for the future. We believe that once numerous species in the Lypnyky forest, in the next few years will be on the verge of extinction, in some forest quarters completely cease to occur. The instability of the local ecosystem prevents the successful existence of amphibians, which requires two environments in the life cycle - terrestrial for spring and autumn habitat and aquatic for reproduction and wintering.
ЗМІНИ ВМІСТУ С-РЕАКТИВНОГО ПРОТЕЇНУ ТА ФАКТОРУ НЕКРОЗУ ПУХЛИН-α У СИРОВАТЦІ КРОВІ ЩУРІВ РІЗНОГО ВІКУ ЗА УМОВИ ПАСИВНОГО ТЮТЮНОКУРІННЯ НА ТЛІ ТРИВАЛОГО ВВЕДЕННЯ НАТРІЙ ГЛУТАМАТУ
Authors: Hetsko N. V. , Krynytska I. Y.
Published: December 2020

The World Health Organization considers tobacco smoke as a global health and social problem. The active use of food supplements is ambiguous as regards human health and safety. So, the study of molecular mechanisms of toxicity of isolated and combined action of tobacco smoking and monosodium glutamate is one of the topical issues of modern science.

The study aimed to determine changes in the C-reactive protein and tumor necrosis factor-α of blood serum in rats under secondhand tobacco smoking combined with a long-term monosodium glutamate injection in the age aspect.

Experiments were carried out on 64 outbred white male rats divided into the following groups: I – control group; II – rats with modeled secondhand tobacco smoking; III - rats, which were injected with monosodium glutamate; IV - rats with modeled secondhand tobacco smoking combined with the monosodium glutamate injection. Blood serum TNF-α and CRP content were performed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) Kit developed by RayBiotech (USA) following the manufacturer’s protocol on a Multiscan FC analyzer (Finland).

The findings suggest that under the combined action of secondhand tobacco smoke and monosodium glutamate, the content of TNF-α increased by 2.9 times (p
Egzegeza J 11,1-46 w ujęciu retoryki semickiej
Authors: Kontny Dawid
Published: December 2020

Kontekstem przeprowadzonych badań było stwierdzenie, że różni komentatorzy wskazują na inne struktury badanego tekstu. Celem badań było opracowanie struktury tekstu przy zastosowaniu metody naukowej. Posłużono się metodą retoryki hebrajskiej, którą opracował Roland Meynet. Uzyskano wynik, który wskazuje, że struktura badanego tekstu schematycznie wygląda następująco: A (11,1-19), B (11,20-32), A’ (11,33-46). Wyciągnięto wnioski, że badana treść oznacza znak, który objawia władzę nad śmiercią fizyczną, przekazuje także informację, iż wiara w Jezusa otwiera na dar życia wiecznego oraz zakłada uzdrowienie miłości, a także zmartwychwstanie ludzi jest możliwe za cenę śmierci i zmartwychwstania Jezusa.
Akdeniz Meyve Sineği (Ceratitis capitata Wied.) (Diptera: Tephritidae)' nin Hünnap Bahçesindeki Popülasyon Dalgalanmaları ve Zararı
Authors: GÜLCÜOĞLU Sergen , BAŞPINAR Hüseyin
Published: December 2020

Bu çalışma hünnap bahçesindeki Akdeniz meyve sineği,(Ceratitis capitataWiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae)’ nın popülasyon dalgalanmaları ve zararını saptamak amacıyla yapılmıştır. Çalışma 2017-2018 yıllarında yürütülmüş olup, popülasyon dalgalanmaları ve zararı Çine ilçesindeki bir hünnap bahçesinde çalışılmıştır. Laboratuvar çalışmaları ise 25±2 ºC sıcaklık %60±10 orantılı nem ve 16:8 saat (aydınlık: karanlık) aydınlatmalı iklim odalarında yürütülmüştür.

Bu çalışmada, zararlının bahçe içerisinde ortaya çıkışı Haziran ayında gerçekleşmiş ve Kasım-Aralık aylarında ise en düşük düzeyine gerilemiştir. Buna göre, ergin bireylerin hünnap bahçesinde görülme süresi yaklaşık 5 ay kadardır. C. capitata’ nın popülasyon değişimleri yıllar esas alınarak incelendiğinde 2017 yılında en yüksek düzeye Ekim ayı başında, 2018 yılında ise en yüksek düzeye Ağustos ayı ortalarında ulaşmıştır. C. capitata’ nın meyvelerdeki zarar oranı incelendiğinde en yüksek zararın %45.7 en düşük zararın %16.7 olduğu, ortalama olarak ise %29.3 oranında bir zarar oluşturduğu tespit edilmiştir. Akdeniz meyve sineğinin hünnap meyvesi içerisindeki gelişme süresi üzerine laboratuvarda yapılan çalışmada ise, yumurtadan ergine ortalama 23.6 günde ulaştığı saptanmıştır.
Kullanım Sürecinde Değerlendirilmesi, Malatya Kent Meydanları Örneği
Authors: POUYA Sima , SEKMAN Burak
Published: December 2020

Kent meydanları, yoğun ve oldukça hareketli kent yaşamının en önemli öğelerinden biridir. Gün içerisinde kentliler tarafından dinlenmek, eğlenmek, ticari faaliyetler, toplanmak gibi çeşitli amaçlar için kullanılmaktadır. Her gruptan insanı buluşturan, sosyal iletişimin sağlandığı mekanlar olarak kentin ve kent yaşamının önemli ve ayrılmaz bir parçasıdır. Meydanlar planlanırken üstlendiği bu önemli roller göz ardı edilmemelidir. Erişilebilirlik, sosyallik, etkinlikler ve konfor diğer kamusal alanlarda olduğu gibi kent meydanlarında başarılı bir mekan olması için sahip olması gereken dört ana özelliktir. Kentsel mekanlarda başarımın sağlanması için planlama ve tasarım sürecinde alınan kararların kullanım sürecinde de işlemesi gerekir. Mekanların kullanım sürecinde başarıyı değerlendirmemizi sağlayan yöntemlerden biri de “Kullanım Sürecinde Değerlendirme (KSD) Yöntemi” dir. Bu çalışmada da meydanların çeşitleri, özellikleri, tasarım ve planlama kriterleri irdelenmiş ve Malatya’da bulunan ve günlük olarak yoğun bir şekilde kullanılan farklı kimliklere sahip Yeni Cami Meydanı, Hükümet Meydanı ve Kernek Meydanı KSD yöntemi kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışma sonucuna göre meydanların, fiziksel, algısal ve işlevsel olarak geliştirilmesi gerekmektedir. Her üç meydanın fiziksel, işlevsel ve algısal özelliklerinin geliştirilmesi, mekanın konfor, imaj, sosyallik ve erişilebilirlik özeliklerini güçlendirecektir.
Kısıntılı ve Tam Sulama Koşullarında Verim ve Lif Kalitesi Bakımından Üstün İleri Pamuk (Gossypium hirsutum L.) Hatlarının Seleksiyonu
Authors: GÖREN Hatice Kübra , BAŞAL Huseyin
Published: December 2020

Bu çalışma, F8 generasyonunda pamuk (Gossypium hirsutum L.) döl sıraları arasından verim ve lif kalitesi bakımından üstün ileri pamuk hatlarını belirlemek amacıyla 2018 yılında Aydın Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Tarla Bitkileri deneme alanında augmented deneme desenine uygun olarak; tek bitki döl sıraları ve beş adet kontrol çeşit (Gloria, Flash, DP332, Candia ve Claudia) ile dört tekerrürlü ve sıra uzunluğu 12 m olacak şekilde damla sulama yöntemi kullanılarak tam (%100) ve kısıntılı sulama (%50) koşullarında yürütülmüştür. Çalışma sonucunda elde edilen veriler değerlendirildiğinde; tam sulama koşullarında Carmen x Nazilli-503 (hat no: 1), DPL-90 x Tamcot-22 (hat no: 10), BA-308 x Carmen (hat no: 38), DPL-90 x Tamcot-22 (hat no: 66) ve ST-373 x DPL-90 (hat no: 72) ileri pamuk hatlarının verim ve lif kalite özellikleri yönünden öne çıktığı gözlemlenmiştir. Kısıntılı sulama koşullarında ise Nazilli-503 x Tamcot-22 (hat no: 6), ST-373 x Carmen (hat no: 23), BA-308 x Nazilli-503 (hat no: 47), BA-308 x Carmen (hat no: 72), ve Ş-2000 x Tamcot-22 (hat no: 90) ileri pamuk hatlarının su stresine dayanıklı veya tolerant olduğu saptanmıştır. Tam ve kısıntılı sulama koşullarına uygun, verim ve lif kalitesi yüksek yeni pamuk çeşitlerinin tescil edilmesi amacıyla seçilmiş ileri pamuk hatları çeşit verim denemelerine alınacaktır.
Triplet State Baird-Aromaticity in Macrocycles: Scope, Limitations and Complications
Authors: Ayub Rabia , El Bakouri Ouissam , Smith Joshua R. , Jorner Kjell , Ottosson Henrik
Published: December 2020

The aromaticity of cyclic 4np-electron molecules in their first pp* triplet state (T1), labelled Baird-aromaticity, has gained growing attention in the last decade. Here we explore computationally the limitations of T1 state Baird-aromaticity in macrocyclic compounds, [n]CM’s, which are cyclic oligomers of four different monocycles (M = para-phenylene (PP), 2,5-linked furan (FU), 1,4-linked cyclohexa-1,3-diene (CHD), and 1,4-linked cyclopentadiene (CPD)). We strive for conclusions that are general for various DFT functionals, although for macrocycles with up to 20 p-electrons in their main conjugation paths we find that for their T1 states single-point energies at both canonical UCCSD(T) and approximative DLPNO-UCCSD(T) levels are lowest when based on UB3LYP over UM06-2X and UCAM-B3LYP geometries. This finding is in contrast to what has earlier been observed for the electronic ground state of expanded porphyrins. Yet, irrespective of functional, macrocycles with 2,5-linked furans ([n]CFU’s) retain Baird-aromaticity until larger n than those composed of the other three monocycles. Also, when based on geometric, electronic and energetic aspects of aromaticity, a 3[n]CFU with a specific n is more strongly Baird-aromatic than the analogous 3[n]CPP while the magnetic indices tell the opposite. To construct large T1 state Baird-aromatic [n]CM’s the design should be such that the T1 state Baird-aromaticity of the macrocyclic perimeter dominates over a situation with local closed-shell Hückel-aromaticity of one or a few monocycles and semi-localized triplet diradical character. Monomers with lower Hückel-aromaticity in S0 than benzene (e.g., furan) that do not impose steric congestion are preferred. Structural confinement imposed by, e.g., methylene bridges is also an approach to larger Baird-aromatic macrocycles. Finally, by using the Zilberg-Haas description of T1 state aromaticity we reveal the analogy to the Hückel-aromaticity of the corresponding closed-shell dications, yet, observe stronger Hückel-aromaticity in the macrocyclic dications than Baird-aromaticity in the T1 states of the neutral macrocycles.
Restricted-Variance Constrained, Reaction Path, and Transition State Molecular Optimizations Using Gradient-Enhanced Kriging
Authors: Fernández Galván Ignacio , Raggi Gerardo , Lindh Roland
Published: December 2020

Gaussian process regression has recently been explored as an alternative to standard surrogate models in molecular equilibrium geometry optimization. In particular, the gradient-enhanced Kriging approach in association with internal coordinates, restricted-variance optimization, and an efficient and fast estimate of hyperparameters has demonstrated performance on par or better than standard methods. In this report, we extend the approach to constrained optimizations and transition states and benchmark it for a set of reactions. We compare the performance of the new developed method with the standard techniques in the location of transition states and in constrained optimizations, both isolated and in the context of reaction path computation. The results show that the method outperforms the current standard in efficiency as well as in robustness.
CHARMM36 Lipid Force Field with Explicit Treatment of Long-Range Dispersion: Parametrization and Validation for PE, PG, and Ether Lipids
Authors: Yu Yalun , Kramer Andreas , Venable Rick , Brooks Bernard , Klauda Jeffery , Pastor Richard W.
Published: December 2020

Long-range Lennard-Jones (LJ) interactions have been incorporated into the CHARMM36 (C36) lipid force field (FF) using the LJ particle-mesh Ewald (LJ-PME) method in order to remove the inconsistency of bilayer and monolayer properties arising from the exclusion of long-range dispersion [citation to paper I]. The new FF is denoted C36/LJ-PME. While the first optimization was based on three phosphatidylcholines (PCs), this paper extends the validation and parametrization to more lipids including PC, phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylglycerol (PG) and ether lipids. The agreement with experimental structure data is excellent for PC, PE and ether lipids. C36/LJ-PME also compares favorably with scattering data of PG bilayers but less so with NMR deuterium order parameters of 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-rac-glycerol) (DMPG) at 303.15 K, indicating a need for future optimization regarding PG-specific parameters. Frequency dependence of NMR T1 spin-lattice relaxation times is well described by C36/LJ-PME and the overall agreement with experiment is comparable to C36. Lipid diffusion is slower than C36 due to the added long-range dispersion causing a higher viscosity, although it is still too fast compared to experiment after correction for periodic boundary conditions. When using a 10 Å real-space cutoff, the simulation speed of C36/LJ-PME is roughly equal to C36. While more lipids will be incorporated into the FF in the future, C36/LJ-PME can be readily used for common lipids and extends the capability of the CHARMM FF by supporting monolayers and eliminating the cutoff dependence.
Formulation and Implementation of Density Functional Embedding Theory using Products of Basis Functions
Authors: Rybkin Vladimir
Published: December 2020

The representation of embedding potential in using products of AO basis functions has been developed in the context of density functional embedding theory (DFET). The formalism allows to treat pseudopotential and all-electron calculations on the same footing and enables simple transfer of the embedding potential in the compact matrix form. In addition, a simple cost-reduction procedure for basis set and potential reduction has been proposed. The theory has been implemented for the condensed-phase and molecular systems using Gaussian and Plane Waves (GPW) and Gaussian and Augmented Plane Waves (GAPW) formalisms and tested for proton transfer reactions in the cluster and the condensed phase. The computational scaling of the embedding potential optimization is similar to this of hybrid DFT with a significantly reduced prefactor and allows for large-scale applications.
Non-adiabatic Matsubara Dynamics and Non-adiabatic Ring Polymer Molecular Dynamics
Authors: Chowdhury Sutirtha N. , Huo Pengfei
Published: December 2020

We present the non-adiabatic Matsubara dynamics, a general framework for computing the time-correlation function (TCF) of electronically non-adiabatic systems. This new formalism is derived based on the generalized Kubo-transformed time-correlation function, using the Wigner representation for both the nuclear degrees of freedom (DOF) and the electronic mapping variables. By dropping the non-Matsubara nuclear normal modes in the quantum Liouvillian and explicitly integrate these modes out of the TCF, we derived the non-adiabatic Matsubara dynamics approach. Further making the approximation to drop the imaginary part of the Matsubara Liouvillian and enforce the nuclear momentum integral to be real, we arrived at the non-adiabatic ring-polymer molecular dynamics (NRPMD) approach. We have further justified the capability of NRPMD for simulating the non-equilibrium time-correlation function. This work provides the rigorous theoretical foundation for several recently proposed state-dependent RPMD approaches and offers a general framework for developing new non-adiabatic quantum dynamics approaches in the future.
Direct Non-adiabatic Simulations of the Photoinduced Charge Transfer Dynamics
Authors: Yamijala Sharma , Huo Pengfei
Published: December 2020

We apply direct non-adiabatic dynamics simulations to investigate photoinduced charge transfer reactions. Our approach is based on the mixed quantum-classical fewest switches surface hopping (FSSH) method that treats the transferring electron through time-dependent density functional theory and the nuclei classically. The photoinduced excited state is modeled as a transferring single-electron that initially occupies the LUMO of the donor molecule/moiety. This single-particle electronic wavefunction is then propagated quantum mechanically by solving the time-dependent Schr\"odinger equation in the basis of the instantaneous molecular orbitals (MOs) of the entire system. The non-adiabatic transitions among electronic states are modeled using the FSSH approach within the classical-path approximation. We apply this approach to simulate the photoinduced charge transfer dynamics in a few well-characterized molecular systems. Our results are in excellent agreement with both the experimental measurements and high-level (yet expensive) theoretical results.
Hydrogen Peroxide-Responsive AIE Probe for Imaging-Guided Organelle Targeting and Photodynamic Cancer Cell Ablation
Authors: WU Qian , Li Youmei , Li Ying , Wang Dong , Tang Ben Zhong
Published: December 2020

Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), as one kind of key reactive oxygen species (ROS), is mainly produced endogenously primarily in the mitochondria. The selective monitoring of H2O2 in living cells is of great significance for understanding diagnosis and pathogenesis of cancers, the Alzheimer’s disease and diabetes. Here, we constructed a versatile AIE probe, TTPy-H2O2, which achieved superb performances in the specifically visualization of H2O2 specifically in various living cells with mitochondria targeting, excellent biocompatibility and photostability, and remarkable ROS generation ability. Red/near-infrared fluorescence firstly located in the mitochondria could light up lipid droplets with bright yellow fluorescence after responding to the H2O2, which can realize both imaging and photodynamic therapy (PDT) for cancer therapy.
Reviewers for Vol. 47, No. 1
Authors: Toll Haley
Published: December 2020

Peer reviewers for Volume 47, No. 1. 

Réviseurs pour Volume 47, No. 1.
Pembentukan Karakter Santri Melalui Panca Jiwa Pondok Pesantren
Authors:   Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung, Jawa Barat, Ismail Shalahudin , Zahrudin Mamun , Ahmad Nurwadjah , Suhartini Andewi ,   Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung, Jawa Barat,   Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung, Jawa Barat,   Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung, Jawa Barat
Published: December 2020

This study aims to examine the character building of students through the five souls of the boarding school in Darul Muttaqien Parung, Bogor. The method used is descriptive method, namely to describe and describe phenomena that exist in the field in the form of scientific phenomena. The results showed that the formation of the character of the students in the Darul Muttaqien Parung Islamic boarding school, Bogor was based on the Panca Jiwa Pondok. “Panca means five, jiwa means spirit, pondok means institution of pesantren.” The five spirits of the pesantren, namely sincerity, simplicity, independence, ukhuwwah islāmiyyah and freedom. So that as part of an integrated educational process, every individual who shares the task of achieving the vision and mission of the Darul Muttaqien Islamic boarding school is required to be able to understand the values of the five souls of the pondok as a value that is used as a foothold in organizations both as educators and as other supporters.
Wood identification of charcoal with Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy
Authors: Balzano Angela , Čufar Katarina , Krže Luka , Merela Maks
Published: December 2020

Wood identification of barbecue charcoal from commercial packages of three retailers (B1, B2, B3) in Slovenia and Croatia was performed with help of Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy (CLSM). CLSM enabled us to image key identification features of charcoal wood that were compared with light micrographs of wood from the reference collection. Product B1 contained charcoal made exclusively of beech wood (Fagus sylvatica) and the declaration indicated the address of the producer, in Serbia which allowed traceability of the wood. The selection of wood species in product B2, consisted of red oak (Quercus cerris or Q. rubra), black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia), and cherry (Prunus avium), which could originate from Serbia, and it did not contain tropical wood as stated on the package. Product B3 contained wood from at least four (sub)topical species which could not be exactly identified to species/genus level. The declaration on the product did not allow traceability of wood. As the risks of illegal logging are high for wood of (sub)tropical origin, our results support the initiative that the monitoring of the charcoal trade should be covered by the EUTR - European Timber Regulations.
Plasma treatment of spruce wood changes its dielectric properties
Authors: Dahle Sebastian , Žigon Jure , Petrič Marko , Kariž Mirko
Published: December 2020

The effects of dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma treatment on the dielectric properties of Norway spruce wood (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) were investigated using dielectric analysis. Dielectric constant (i.e. permittivity) and loss coefficient were determined at various frequencies. The resulting changes on lamellae specimens of different thicknesses were compared with the change in mass and moisture content. A significant influence of the plasma was found, leading to an increase of the dielectric constant by about 2%, and a decrease of sample mass directly after the plasma treatment by approx. 14%, whereas a reduction in moisture content by only about 0.6% and a corresponding change in loss coefficient were detected. Overall, the mechanisms of the observed changes remain unclear and seem mainly uncorrelated with the hitherto known chemical changes in wood surfaces caused by similar plasma discharges.
Determination of dynamic and static modulus of elasticity of beech plywood
Authors: Merhar Miran
Published: December 2020

The study compared the values of the dynamic and static modulus of elasticity of 7- and 11-layer plywood with different combinations of the grain orientation of individual veneer layers. The dynamic modulus of elasticity was determined from the natural frequencies of the first and second vibration modes using the Bernoulli-Euler equation, and the static modulus was determined using the 4-point bending test. The results showed that the plywood has the highest modulus of elasticity at the orientation of the wood grain of the outer layer 0°, and that the modulus decreases with increasing angle. The dynamic modulus is on average 12% higher than the static modulus for 7-layer boards and 14% higher for 11-layer boards. The dynamic modulus determined from the second natural frequency is equal to the modulus determined from the first natural frequency when there is no shear influence, but when shear influence occurs the value of the modulus decreases. From the above mentioned investigations it can be confirmed that both static and dynamic methods are suitable for determining the modulus of elasticity of plywood samples, but it is necessary to check the shear influence in the dynamic method.
Inter-tree variability of autumn leaf phenology of European beech (Fagus sylvatica) on a site in Ljubljana, Slovenia
Authors: Škrk Nina , Balzano Angela , Črepinšek Zalika , Čufar Katarina
Published: December 2020

Temporal variability of leaf senescence (autumn phenology) was observed in 2020 in 11 European beech (Fagus sylvatica) trees in Tivoli, Rožnik and Šišenski hrib Landscape Park in Ljubljana, Slovenia, and also observed for spring phenology in the same year. General leaf colouring, BBCH94, occurred between 19 and 24 October 2020, with lower inter-individual variability than that of leaf unfolding, BBCH11. The trees had active leaves (time between leaf unfolding and leaf colouring) between 177 and 199 days. In only three trees total leaf fall, BBCH97, occurred before 19 November 2020. Leaf colouring of the tree included in the long-term monitoring program of the Slovenian Environment Agency ARSO occurred on 24 October 2020. This is 7 days later than the 65-year average of the same tree/location and is ascribed to weather conditions. Investigation of tree tissues showed that the width of the last formed tree-ring in the wood varied between 0.39 and 9.61 mm and in the phloem between 0.09 and 0.26 mm, and that the tissues reflect the health condition of the trees.
Time-shifted Pilot-based Scheduling with Adaptive Optimization for Pilot Contamination Reduction in Massive MIMO
Authors: Kumar Ambala Pradeep , Srinivasulu Tadisetty
Published: December 2020

Massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) is considered to be an emerging technique in wireless communication systems, as it offers the ability to boost channel capacity and spectral efficiency. However, a massive MIMO system requires huge base station (BS) antennas to handle users and suffers from inter-cell interference that leads to pilot contamination. To cope with this, time-shifted pilots are devised for avoiding interference between cells, by rearranging the order of transmitting pilots in different cells. In this paper, an adaptive-elephant-based spider monkey optimization (adaptive ESMO) mechanism is employed for time-shifted optimal pilot scheduling in a massive MIMO system. Here, user grouping is performed with the sparse fuzzy c-means (Sparse FCM) algorithm, grouping users based on such parameters as large-scale fading factor, SINR, and user distance. Here, the user grouping approach prevents inappropriate grouping of users, thus enabling effective grouping, even under the worst conditions in which the channel operates. Finally, optimal time-shifted scheduling of the pilot is performed using the proposed adaptive ESMO concept designed by incorporating adaptive tuning parameters. The efficiency of the adaptive ESMO approach is evaluated and reveals superior performance with the highest achievable uplink rate of 43.084 bps/Hz, the highest SINR of 132.9 dB, and maximum throughput of 2.633 Mbps
U.S.’ Recognition, Evaluation of U.S. Educational Cooperation and Its Enlightenment to China——Analysis Based on the Survey Reports by U.S.’Policy Elites
Authors: Wang Qi
Published: December 2020

Educational cooperation is one of the key factors to embody humanistic exchanges and promote the development of international relations. Through the analysis of four survey reports on China-US educational cooperation, it is found that American policy elites generally attach importance to the distribution of power, the application of law, mutual benefit between the two countries in educational cooperation, and pay attention to the potential motivation and influence of China. China should rationally refer to the views and suggestions, strengthen the effectiveness of dialogue mechanism, enhance the credibility of international discourse, and at the same time encourage the negotiation and governance among cooperative universities, so as to promote the stable and sustainable development of education cooperation.
The Difference Between Chinese Myth and Western Myth and its Reflections on Culture
Authors: Shi Wenhao
Published: December 2020

Myth is a kind of story from ancient times. Both Chinese and western cultures have myths. And they are quite different in the shaping of the Gods. Although there are also many similarities between them, but we can find out the reason why two different cultures can develop on the same land, and the key is the differences. The western myths have two big parts called Greek mythology and Nordic mythology, these two myths have some differences, too. So, I want to explore the cultural differences reflected in different myths.
Cultural Differences in Translation
Authors: Feng Yuzhe
Published: December 2020

Abstract:Translation is to use another kind of language (target language) to express the accurate and complete content which has already been expressed by one kind of language (source language). It is to use the closest natural equivalents to express the information of the source language again from the aspects of meaning and style.

Although there are many common and similar aspects existing in human beings, people living in different countries and districts have a good command of their own cultures which is totally different from others due to the influence of the histories, religions, politics and customs in their own regions. This makes translation difficult to deal with. The paper will focus on the differences of daily lives, sense of value, geographical environments, historical backgrounds and cultural untranslatability which influence translation, and the corresponding ways and skills to deal with cultural differences in translation.
Study on Career Planning of College Teachers
Authors: Sun Lei
Published: December 2020

With the continuous development of society, the demand for cultivating talents in colleges and universities is becoming more and more urgent, and teachers in colleges and universities bear the heavy responsibility of cultivating talents in colleges and universities. High-quality teachers are the backbone of education and teaching in colleges and universities and the reserve army for sustainable development. Through career planning can not only grasp the pulse of the career, grasp the career direction, but also effectively avoid job burnout. This paper mainly analyzes the career planning principles of college teachers, gives the eight links of college teachers' career planning, and also analyzes some problems in the process.  sum up, and give the corresponding strategies to provide a good reference for the professional development of young teachers.
Analysis of the Image of China in Japanese Literature
Authors: Chen Xinghao
Published: December 2020

Due to the established narrative patterns and powerful and profound ideological influences of classical Chinese literature, the image of China has been reinterpretation during the process of imagination, construction, and experience of Japanese writer or researcher, with many distortions and misinterpretations. The image of China in Japanese literature is an impression and illusion formed by the combination of cultural awareness and literary classics. The following article will analyze and sort out the Chinese image in Japanese literature.
Research on Influence of College Classroom Discourse on Students' Class Involvement
Authors: Cheng Kexin
Published: December 2020

Classroom discourse can affect students’ classroom involvement and enthusiasm. Classroom discourse, one of the basic contents of classroom teaching in colleges and universities, is divided into student discourse system, teacher discourse system, and student-teacher discourse system. Strengthening all three can bring something unexpected to classroom teaching. Based on this, this article focuses on three things: the role of classroom discourse in classroom teaching, the impact of classroom discourse on student classroom involvement, and how to have no impact on the improvement of classroom teaching quality.
Exploring the Practice of Cultivating Design Thinking Skills in Visual Communication Major
Authors: Bai Li
Published: December 2020

The development of diversified industries has promoted the emergence of diversified majors, and visual communication is a new type of profession, and the course is also a new type of course, which requires students to have better design thinking, and how to improve the design thinking of visual communication majors through daily learning. Based on this, this paper proposes a definition of visual communication and the relevance of design thinking. It proposes a strategy to enhance the design thinking ability of visual communication majors.
Analysis of the Principles of Practicability in Chinese Grammar Teaching to Foreigners
Authors: Lin Xian
Published: December 2020

The teaching of Chinese grammar as a foreign language is aimed at enabling foreigners to master the basic Chinese vocabulary, sentences and sentence organization rules so as to improve the language ability of foreigners to communicate in Chinese. It can be seen that the ultimate goal of teaching Chinese as a foreign language is to realize language communication in real life, so the practical principle in teaching is of great criticality. This article briefly introduces the relevant overview of the practical principles of Chinese grammar teaching at first, then implements analysis of practical principles in several aspects, hoping to provide reference for relevant teachers.
An Analysis on the Teaching Reform of the Basic Course of Zhuangyi Undergraduate Major
Authors: Zhang Qinghuai , Gao Hui , Fang Gang , Huang An , Wei Luqiu , Tang Xiusong , Chen Qiuxia , Lan Yuying , Pang Yuzhou
Published: December 2020

The basic course of Zhuangyi is a part of the undergraduate course which teaching content covers the basic theory of Zhuangyi, diagnosis of Zhuangyi, basic theory of traditional Chinese medicine, diagnostics of traditional Chinese medicine, anatomy of Western medicine and pathology.Whether we can lay a solid foundation for the professional knowledge of Zhuangyi is related to the ability of students to enter clinical posts. This paper explores the teaching method reform of basic courses of Zhuangyi, in order to cultivate high-level talents more suitable for the current social requirements.
Innovative Research on Improving the Construction and Management Level of Computer Laboratories in Application-oriented Universities
Authors: Zhang Qunfang
Published: December 2020

Since the eighties of the last century, the international higher education community has gradually formed a trend of attaching importance to practical teaching and strengthening the cultivation of application-oriented talents. With the construction  demand of application-oriented talents, the requirements for laboratory work in universities to be raised, the traditional laboratory construction environment equipment and the management mode can no longer satisfy the needs of modern education; there exist a lot of problems, such as old environment, aged equipment, backward management system and mode, weak service awareness etc., it needs to break the old management mode, adopting informatization management, normalizing management system, raising service awareness, strengthening the laboratory publicity, so that the overall level of computer laboratory construction and management would be improved.
The Influence of Contemporary Dance, Used in the Choreographic Process of Chinese Mongolian dance
Authors: Mu Xiaoyu
Published: December 2020

China is a country that has 55 nationalities. The Chinese folk dance is a dance that also has 55 varieties of folk dances. Chinese Mongolian dance is one of those folk dances. The Chinese Mongolian dance mentioned in this paper can also be interpreted as an academically trained Chinese Mongolian dance.
Translanguaging in ESL/EFL Classes: A Review Paper
Authors: Hu Jianjian
Published: December 2020

Translanguaging refers to bilinguals receiving information in one language and then applying it in the other language, which also means that bilinguals use their languages in daily life to make sense of their bilingual worlds. The aim of this review paper is to summarize the functions and influence factors of translanguaging during the communication between students and teachers in EFL/ESL classes by observing the production of codeswitching.
Efficiency score assessment of Iranian Plastic Industries
Authors: Hassanpour M
Published: December 2020

Iranian Plastic Industries (IPI) created the main role in generating and producing a variety of plastic commodities and goods for inhabitant's demands. IPI comprised a cluster of 21 industries regarding the initial screening of Iranian evaluator team in Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) plan. The present research empirically examined a way to find the efficiency score of IPI. Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) model was integrated with Additive Ratio ASsessment (ARAS) and Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) to estimate the efficiency score for IPI. The findings were classified IPI into 2 classes pertaining to both TOPSIS and ARAS models supported with both weighing systems of Friedman and Kendall tests. Moreover, the results proved an independent DEA value for the TOPSIS and ARAS models.
Brief Talk on the Tort Liability Caused by Breeding Animals
Authors: Peng Shirui
Published: December 2020

With the increasing material living standards of the people, keeping pets has become a way for people to enjoy amateur life, and the tort problem of breeding animals has also been accompanied. This article will discuss the tort liability of breeding animals from the aspects of the characteristics, the principle of imputation, and the constitutive elements.
Problems and Measures in Internal Control and Risk Management of Drug Research and Development Enterprises
Authors: Liu Jun
Published: December 2020

The internal control and risk management of drug research and development enterprises directly affects the survival and development of enterprises. With the development of information technology and the integration with the global economy, pharmaceutical companies are able to achieve more achievements in development while facing increasing competitive pressures. Finance is a pivotal spine of a company’s development. If the internal control and risk management of a company are not complete and comprehensive, the enterprise will inevitably turn into a crisis. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the analysis of the problems in the internal control and risk management of drug research and development enterprises, and propose corresponding solutions.