bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Improvement of the thermoelectric properties of GeTe- and SnTe-based semiconductors aided by the engineering based on phase diagram
Authors: Li Junqin , Liu Fusheng , Ao Weiqin , Hu Lipeng , Zhang Chaohua
Published: April 2022

Group IV–VI semiconductors, such as PbTe, GeTe and SnTe, are promising thermoelectric materials at intermediate temperatures, which have potential application in electrical generation from waste heat. A phase diagram plays an important role for designing a high-performance material. In this mini review, we present the enhancement of the thermoelectric properties of GeTe- and SnTe-based semiconductors based on their phase diagrams. The figure of merit ZT for the p-type GeTe–Ag8GeTe6 composites was enhanced by reducing the thermal conductivity significantly using the eutectic microstructures formed by the Ag8GeTe6 second phase and the GeTe matrix based on the GeTe–Ag8GeTe6 pseudo-binary system. The partial substitution of Te by Se in p-type GeTe extends the solid solubility of Pb in GeTe0.5Se0.5 up to 30 mol.%, which further improves the thermoelectric properties of alloys in the GeTe–PbTe–Se system by modifying the carrier concentration, leading to increasing the Seebeck coefficient and reducing thermal conductivity over a wide composition range. The Sn1−y
Mn
y
Te alloy with 10 at.% excess Mn keeps its composition change along the SnTe–MnTe tie line and receives higher solid solubility of MnTe in SnTe. It shows much higher thermoelectric performance since the excess Mn compensates the Mn lost during the preparation as compared to the Sn1−x
Mn
x
Te alloy without excess Mn.
Blood pressure and blood sugar-lowering effects of purified gambir on diabetic hypertensive Wistar Kyoto rats
Authors: Armenia Armenia , Wahyuni Fatma Sri , Almahdy Almahdy , Abdillah Rahmad , Aquista Popy Genca , Putri Diana Puspita , Zikra Murhamah
Published: April 2022

Objectives

Antioxidants protect people from diabetes and its cardiovascular complication. Purified gambir (Uncaria gambir Roxb.) is a potential medicinal plant for treating this condition based on the antioxidant activity of its catechin compound. This study tries to reveal the potential activity of purified gambir as a blood pressure-lowering drug while lowering blood glucose in diabetic hypertensive rats induced by oral NaCl-Prednisone and Alloxan.

Methods

Rats were induced by oral NaCl 0.8% and Prednisone 5 mg/kg BW for 14 days to obtain hypertensive condition. Alloxan 125 mg/kg BW was given intra peritoneal injection on the 8th day to obtain diabetic hypertensive condition. The animal was divided into five groups, normal control group treated with vehicle, treatment groups were treated with purified gambir at dose of 2.5; 5 and 10 mg/kg BW respectively, while the positive control group were treated with a combination of captopril-glibenclamide at dose of 2.25 and 0.45 mg/kg BW. All animals were treated orally for 14 days. Fasting blood glucose and cardiovascular parameters (SBP, DBP, MAP, HR, BF and BV) were measured on days 1, 3, 7, and 14. NO level were measured on day 0 and day 14. Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA followed by Duncan Multiple Range Test.

Results

The purified gambir has blood pressure and blood sugar-lowering activity (p<0.05). The NO levels of the treatment group also increased significantly (p<0.05).

Conclusions

This study indicated that purified gambir could be an alternative medicine to manage blood glucose and blood pressure in the diabetic hypertensive model.
Financial conflicts of interest during meetings of the cardiovascular and renal drugs advisory committee
Authors: Bertolino Blake , Kinder Nicholas , Cooper Craig , Gray Harrison , Arthur Wade , Ahlander Joseph , Simpson Alainna , Vassar Matt
Published: April 2022

Context

The Cardiovascular and Renal Drugs Advisory Committee (CRDAC) of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) reviews safety and efficacy data for cardiovascular and renal drugs, ultimately making recommendations to the Commissioner of Food and Drugs for approval. The Open Public Hearing segment of these meetings allows for patients, advocates, healthcare professionals, clinical trialists, and members of the public to provide testimony, which often results in expressing their preference for, or against, drug approval. Prior to providing testimony, the public speakers are highly encouraged to disclose any financial conflicts of interest (FCOIs) with the sponsor or other groups. Given the potential influence of these speakers on drug approval recommendations, we investigated the industry associations disclosed by public speakers in the Open Public Hearing section of the CRDAC meetings. Previous studies, such as one done by Lurie et al. indicated that positive testimony is tied to a higher likelihood of drug approval, and because drug companies provide financial compensation for speakers to provide testimony in general, we wanted to determine the likelihood with which speakers who have an FCOI provided a positive testimony vs. those without any FCOI.

Objectives

The purpose is to evaluate whether public speakers with an FCOI are more likely to provide positive testimony regarding the drug in question during the CRDAC of the FDA between February 2009 and December 2019 through the use of publicly available transcripts.

Methods

Independent researchers investigated public transcripts and minutes of the CRDAC meetings with public speakers (n=20). We identified all speakers, along with characteristics such as an FCOI, and classified statements utilizing a pilot-tested Google form. The data collected were analyzed utilizing Stata. The speaker’s testimony was then compared with their FCOI. An ordered logistic regression was performed utilizing the speaker’s testimony regarding the drug as the dependent variable.

Results

Of the 88 speakers represented in our sample, 35 (35/88, 39.8%) disclosed an FCOI, most commonly regarding travel cost. Among speakers with an FCOI, 30 (30/35, 85.7%) spoke positively. Speakers with an FCOI were 4.96 times more likely to provide positive testimony (OR=4.96, 95% CI 1.67–14.78). Speakers with the disease were also more likely to provide positive testimony (OR=13.05, 95% CI 2.84–59.93).

Conclusions

Public speakers often play a role during meetings, and they may also have an FCOI, most commonly related to travel expenses. Our study shows that speakers with an FCOI are more likely to provide positive testimony. Stipulations, such as requiring disclosure of FCOI and randomizing the selection process of speakers, can help ensure the integrity of the drug approval process.
First trimester examination of fetal anatomy: clinical practice guideline by the World Association of Perinatal Medicine (WAPM) and the Perinatal Medicine Foundation (PMF)
Authors: Volpe Nicola , Sen Cihat , Turan Sifa , Sepulveda Waldo , Khalil Asma , Rolnik Daniel L , De Robertis Valentina , Volpe Paolo , Gil Mar M , Chaveeva Petya , Dagklis Themistoklis , Pooh Ritsuko , Kosinski Przemyslaw , Cruz Jader , Huertas Erasmo , D’ Antonio Francesco , Rodriguez Calvo Jesus , Daneva Markova Ana
Published: April 2022

This recommendation document follows the mission of the World Association of Perinatal Medicine in collaboration with the Perinatal Medicine Foundation. We aim to bring together groups and individuals throughout the world for precise standardization to implement the ultrasound evaluation of the fetus in the first trimester of pregnancy and improve the early detection of anomalies and the clinical management of the pregnancy. The aim is to present a document that includes statements and recommendations on the standard evaluation of the fetal anatomy in the first trimester, based on quality evidence in the peer-reviewed literature as well as the experience of perinatal experts around the world.
Is Finitude Original? A Rereading of “Violence and Metaphysics”
Authors: Rolfsen Theodor Sandal
Published: April 2022

This article seeks to challenge what may seem to be an obvious assertion: that finitude is original in the sense that it must be presupposed that any possible meaning can only be thought beginning from this finitude. I do this through a rereading of Derrida’s epochal essay “Violence and Metaphysics,” which perhaps is the most decisive interpretation of the philosophy of Emmanuel Levinas. In the essay, Derrida demonstrates how Levinas is forced to betray his own intentions in his attempt to describe the Other as transcendent. By making use of a newly published lecture series, Derrida held at the same time as writing the essay, I show how Derrida’s reading of Levinas is intimately tied to his interpretation of Heidegger’s critique of the metaphysics of presence, and how both Levinas and Derrida end up in the paradox I call “original finitude.” I then show how new commentary literature on Levinas’ analysis of enjoyment gives us an alternative to Derrida’s notion of original finitude. I do not propose that this alternative overcomes Derrida’s problematic, but rather that it gives another option of how to relate to that which escapes the grasp of philosophy. The key difference will be whether transcendence is conceived as a failure of philosophy or its excess.
A systematic review on quality of life (QoL) of patients with peritoneal metastasis (PM) who underwent pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy (PIPAC)
Authors: Li Zhenyue , Wong Louis Choon Kit , Sultana Rehena , Lim Hui Jun , Tan Joey Wee-Shan , Tan Qiu Xuan , Wong Jolene Si Min , Chia Claramae Shulyn , Ong Chin-Ann Johnny
Published: April 2022

Background

Pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy (PIPAC) has recently emerged as a palliative alternative for patients with unresectable peritoneal metastasis (PM). Quality of life (QoL) has increasingly been used as an endpoint to evaluate treatment outcomes. This review aims to identify evidence on how PIPAC would impact the QoL of PM patients.

Content

A systematic review was performed on articles identified from Medline, EMBASE, PsycInfo, and Web of Sciences. A meta-analysis was conducted on further selected studies. ACROBAT-NRSI was attempted to assess the risk of bias (RoB).

Nine studies using the EORTC QLQ-C30 questionnaire to assess QoL after repeated PIPAC cycles were identified. Majority was found to be moderately biased and a great extent of heterogeneity was observed. Four studies on PM from either gastric cancer (GC) or epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) were included for meta-analysis. In 31 GC patients and 104 EOC patients, QoL remained stable in 13/14 and 11/14 EORTC QLQ-C30 scales. PIPAC was inferior to cytoreductive surgery with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (CRS/HIPEC) in global QoL and functioning but superior in symptom reduction.

Outlook

PIPAC is a well-tolerated option for most GC and EOC patients with irresectable PM. Future trials are warranted to confirm the findings.
An overview of activation cross-section measurements of some neutron and charged-particle induced reactions in Bangladesh
Authors: Uddin M. Shuza , Hossain Syed M. , Shariff M. Asad , Rakib-uz-Zaman M.
Published: April 2022

Over the last several decades, our research group has been working on nuclear data measurements using a J-25 Neutron Generator, a TRIGA Mark II Research Reactor and a Tandem Accelerator at Savar, as well as an Am/Be neutron source at Rajshahi. The spectrum of fast neutrons having energies from 0.5 to 20 MeV in the core of the TRIGA reactor as well as from 1.5 to 11 MeV of the Am/Be source was well characterized for validation of evaluated data of neutron threshold reactions. Spectrum-averaged cross sections were determined by integral measurements. The integral values measured at both the reactor and the Am/Be source were compared with the integrated data deduced from measured and evaluated excitation functions of some nuclear reactions given in some data libraries. As example, the details on the integral and integrated cross sections of the 64Zn(n,p)64Cu and 60Ni(n,p)60Co reactions are discussed. In both cases, integral test shows that further improvement of the evaluated excitation function reported in data libraries is needed. The use of a newly developed facility at the 3 MV Tandem Accelerator in measurement of proton induced reaction cross sections in the energy region below 5 MeV is outlined, and new results on the 64Ni(p,n)64Cu and natNi(p,x)61Cu processes below 3 MeV are discussed.
Special radionuclide production activities – recent developments at QST and throughout Japan
Authors: Nagatsu Kotaro , Ohya Tomoyuki , Obata Honoka , Suzuki Kazutoshi , Zhang Ming-Rong
Published: April 2022

National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology (QST), formerly known as the National Institute of Radiological Sciences (NIRS), has been engaged in work on radiopharmaceutical science using cyclotrons since 1974. Eight pioneering researchers founded the basis of this field of research at NIRS, and to the present, many researchers and technicians have accumulated both scientific and technical achievements, as well as inherited the spirit of research. Besides, in recent years, we have developed production systems with AVF-930 cyclotron for various ‘non-standard’ radioisotopes applied in both diagnosis and therapy. Here, we review the past 50 years of our activities on radioisotope and radiopharmaceutical development, as well as more recent activities.
Processing of cell assemblies in the lateral entorhinal cortex
Authors: Traub Roger D. , Whittington Miles A.
Published: April 2022

There is evidence that olfactory cortex responds to its afferent input with the generation of cell assemblies: collections of principal neurons that fire together over a time scale of tens of ms. If such assemblies form an odor representation, then a fundamental question is how each assembly then induces neuronal activity in downstream structures. We have addressed this question in a detailed model of superficial layers of lateral entorhinal cortex, a recipient of input from olfactory cortex and olfactory bulb. Our results predict that the response of the fan cell subpopulation can be approximated by a relatively simple Boolean process, somewhat along the lines of the McCulloch/Pitts scheme; this is the case because of the sparsity of recurrent excitation amongst fan cells. However, because of recurrent excitatory connections between layer 2 and layer 3 pyramidal cells, synaptic and probably also gap junctional, the response of pyramidal cell subnetworks cannot be so approximated. Because of the highly structured anatomy of entorhinal output projections, our model suggests that downstream targets of entorhinal cortex (dentate gyrus, hippocampal CA3, CA1, piriform cortex, olfactory bulb) receive differentially processed information.
Discriminant properties of the Behavioral Pain Scale for assessment of procedural pain-related distress in ventilated children
Authors: Mauritz Maximilian David , Uhlenberg Felix , Dreier Larissa Alice , Giordano Vito , Deindl Philipp
Published: April 2022

Objectives

Children hospitalized in a pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) are frequently exposed to distressing and painful medical procedures and interventions. There is a lack of clinical scales to measure procedural pain-related distress in ventilated children. The Behavioral Pain Scale (BPS) was initially developed to detect procedural pain in critically ill adults. This study aims to assess the BPS’s discriminant properties for measuring procedural pain-related distress in ventilated pediatric patients incorporating two instruments validated for pediatric patients.

Methods

This prospective exploratory study was performed with ventilated children admitted to the interdisciplinary 14-bed PICU of the University Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany. The nurse in charge and an independent observer simultaneously assessed the patients using German versions of the BPS, the COMFORT-B scale (CBS), and the modified Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability (mFLACC) scale immediately before and during endotracheal suctioning.

Results

We analyzed 170 parallel assessments in n=34 ventilated children. Patients were (mean ± SD) 9.5 ± 4.8 years old. Internal consistency for the BPS was excellent (α=0.93). We found a high rater agreement for all clinical scales (BPS: k=0.73, CBS: k=0.80, mFLACC: k=0.71). Strong correlations were identified between BPS and CBS (r=0.89) and BPS and mFLACC (r=0.79). The BPS cutoff values showed likewise excellent results (area under the curve CBS >16: 0.97; mFLACC >2: 0.91).

Conclusions

In our population of ventilated children, the BPS was well suited to detect procedural pain-related distress compared with two validated pain scales. Further extensive validation studies should follow to support our findings.
Financial crisis spread, economic growth and unemployment: a mathematical model
Authors: Tadmon Calvin , Njike Tchaptchet Eric Rostand
Published: April 2022

The unemployment is the main channel through which the economic and financial crises influence the social development. In this paper, we propose a mathematical model to study the interactions between financial crisis spread, economic growth and unemployment. We also solve an optimal control problem focusing on the minimization, at the lowest cost, of the adverse effects of the financial crisis. The analysis of the model leads us to two equilibria: (1) a stress free equilibrium, where the economy and the employment are optimal, and (2) a stressed equilibrium. We obtain a theoretical confirmation of Okun’s law and a formula to compute the minimum reservation wage in terms of model parameters. Numerical simulations are performed to illustrate the theoretical results obtained.
Soil volatile organic compound emissions in response to soil warming and nitrogen deposition
Authors: Romero-Olivares A. L. , Davie-Martin C. L. , Kramshøj M. , Rinnan R. , Frey S. D.
Published: April 2022

Biogenic volatile organic compounds (VOCs) play crucial roles in ecosystems at multiple scales, ranging from mediating soil microbial interactions to contributing to atmospheric chemistry. However, soil VOCs and how they respond to environmental change remains understudied. We aimed to assess how 2 abiotic global change drivers, soil warming and simulated nitrogen (N) deposition, impact soil VOC emissions over time in a temperate forest. We characterized the effect of warming, N deposition, and their interaction on the composition and emissions of soil VOCs during the growing season of 2 consecutive years. We found that chronic warming and N deposition enhanced total VOC emissions at certain times of the year (as high as 332.78 µg m–2 h–1), but that overall VOC composition was not strongly affected by these global change treatments. However, certain compounds, particularly sesquiterpenoids and alkanes, were sensitive to these treatments, with their emissions increasing under both chronic warming and N deposition. Moreover, specific signature VOCs—α-pinene, β-thujone, β-caryophyllene, and 2,4-dimethylheptane—were consistently found under chronic warming and N deposition. This suggests that emissions of specific VOC classes/compounds may increase under global change.
Content and language integrated learning (CLIL) in foreign language teaching methodology
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University, Fedotova Nina Leonidovna , Shi Jiexia ,   Saint Petersburg State University
Published: April 2022

The article presents CLIL as a problem-solving method for non-philological students in the process of forming professional competence. Different definitions of the concept of CLIL are considered, the features of content and language integrated learning in foreign language teaching methodology are analyzed based on the opinions of a number of scientists and comparison between CLIL and the similar term CBI. The main components of CLIL – 4C are highlighted: content, communication, cognition and culture, as well as the three types of language associated with it, including language of learning, language for learning and language through learning. In addition, the advantages of CLIL in terms of the materials used in lessons, the instrumental nature of the foreign language, and the development of students’ linguistic personality and abilities are described. The main idea of the article is that CLIL can be used as an effective tool for teaching foreign language to non-philological students due to its features and advantages over traditional education. The purpose of this article is to clarify the concept of CLIL in foreign language teaching methodology and to deepen its understanding in order to properly use it in special subject lessons to enhance the quality of teaching foreign non-philological students. CLIL is considered promising in foreign language teaching.
University campus: New self-study opportunities in the digital era
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University, Shulga Irina Ivanovna , Sergeeva Olga Nikolaevna ,   National Research University “Higher School of Economics”
Published: April 2022

Globalisation, technological and digital changes as well as COVID-19 have caused numerous changes in higher education including migration of all learning, teaching, and assessment into online domains. This means that all key skills, such as team-work, project planning, innovative, research and self-study skills should be developed mainly by means of individual research practice. It is crucial that university campuses provide learners with all the possible assistance they may need. In these circumstances, the purpose of the article is to identify new opportunities for a university campus to support students in their self-study and research projects. Based on the literature review, we suggest four groups of such opportunities – they are measures that various universities implement in their practice. We also discuss possible challenges and perspectives that university campuses may face in the future.
Prevalence of cyberbullying in the educational environment
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University, Andronnikova Olga Olegovna
Published: April 2022

Cyberbullying throughout the educational life continues to be a serious problem for some students. Despite many high-quality studies conducted over three decades, the problem is still relevant and needs to be addressed urgently. This article is devoted to the study of the nature and prevalence of cyberbullying, potentially useful interventions for its prevention and correction of consequences. The article provides an overview of modern ideas about cyberbullying, the mechanisms of cybervictimization, and the consequences for participants. The results of a study of the prevalence of cyberbullying using the Internet are presented, within the framework of which a Google form was issued with questions about cyberbullying. The study involved 156 participants divided into three groups: high school students (14–17 years old) – 65 people (G1), students of vocational schools (14–17 years old) – 46 people (G2), university students (17–19 years) – 45 people (G3). The results show the prevalence of cyberbullying across all age groups, regardless of the type of education. This mediates the need for measures to prevent cyberbullying and the development of technologies for correcting the condition of victims.
The Drama Relations Between a Victim Father and Son: a Reflexive Method of Victim Diagnostics
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University, Rudenskaya Yulia E.
Published: April 2022

The article shows the mechanism of applying the method of reflexive victim diagnostics of a feature film, which allows you to conceptualize the concepts of socio-psychological victimology of a person, as well as build the learning process for the master’s program in the direction of “Dramatherapy of Victimizationˮ in line with the competence-based paradigm. The purpose of the author is to reveal the phenomenon of the drama of relations between a victim father and son, as a special space of victimogenic risk. The article is based on the methodology of dramaturgical interactionism developed by E. V. Rudensky. The drama of relations is considered by the author of the article as a variation of the pathology of interpersonal relations, in which attraction is replaced by confrontation. Particular attention is paid to the competence of the father as an agent of socialization and his deficits. Based on the application of the method of reflexive victim diagnostics, the essence of the phenomenon of the drama of relations between a parent and a child is shown, the morphology of the dysfunctional competence of a victim father is revealed, and a variant of drama therapy of a victim personality through action is revealed. The author comes to the conclusion that the drama of the parent-child relationship can be resolved through the intervention of a drama therapist who has the necessary knowledge and competencies. The drama therapist will be able not to get involved in the drama of relationships and actualize the mechanisms of sociogenesis of the participants’ competencies.
A review on the centralised municipal sewage and wastewater treatment unit processes
Authors: Donald Anyiam Ngozi , Asif Muhammad , Felicien Sebahire , Ali Saad
Published: April 2022

Wastewater release into water bodies from industries, residential areas and institutions poses a great challenge to public health in many countries of the world, especially in the developing ones like Nigeria and Pakistan. The way and manner by which wastewater is treated (physico-chemically or biologically) has a significant impact on the health of humans and the receiving ecosystem. Wastewater treatment is important and its main objective is to reduce the concentrations of its pollutants to limits set by regulatory bodies before discharge to receiving waters or further treated for other purposes such as recreation, irrigation and drinking water production. Among the major parameters that are usually being treated are the dissolved oxygen (DO), pH, Turbidity, Total Suspended Solids (TSS), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Nitrogen (NO3-N, NH4-N), Phosphorus, Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), microbes etc. Several treatment methods have been in use, however, this paper presents a comprehensive overview of the conventional approach that employs some physical, chemical and biological processes at the preliminary, primary, secondary and tertiary stages in the treatment of water and wastewater from different sources.
Anxiety and depression prevalence and determinants in health sciences students during Covid-19 pandemic: a quantitative study in Nampula, Mozambique
Authors: Neves Martins Pires Paulo Henrique das , Miranda Guida de , Bambamba Joel , Iacamurima Regina , Bambamba Angela , Mupueleque Martins
Published: April 2022

Introduction: anxiety and depression are the most prevalent mental disorders in the world, close to 50% of the international disease burden due to psychiatric disorders and substance use. Research with university students show psychiatric disorders ‘rates around 15 to 25%. Student’ environment interferes in higher education and life conditions bias training context, often adverse and a mental health stressor. Population’ depressive disorders prevalence is around 7%, but these disorders’ incidence increased due to the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, impairing individual’s functional and psychosocial lives, and increasing the risk of major depressive disorder if not recognized and treated. Objective: estimate anxiety and depression prevalence rates in Faculty of Health Sciences’ students, at Lúrio University in Nampula, Mozambique, and associated determinants, during the Covid-19 pandemic. Methods: descriptive, quantitative cross-sectional study, applying a digital survey about psychologic stress determinant factors, based on Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. The Faculty of Health Sciences students’ random sample in Nampula answered the survey during August to October 2020, in a declared Public Calamity period due to Covid-19 pandemic. Results were analysed with Statistic Package for Social Science with a confidence interval of 95% and an error margin of 5%, using Q2 test to determine statistically significant associations. Results: 276 students answered the survey, 50% of each gender, aged from 17 to 51 years, 60% coming from Nampula province, showing high rates of anxiety, depression and co morbidity, respectively 42.3, 34.3 and 25.9%, with a statistically significant association with bad relationships with friends, not enough sleep, trauma, lost and family antecedents. Conclusion: we confirmed the high prevalence of mental disorders in the Mozambican population, aggravated by governmental restrictive measures due to SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, implementing distance digital learning. Faculty of Health Sciences’ students have high anxiety and depression prevalence rates, mental disorders limiting academic performance and decreasing life quality. These results are important to allow the University to launch preventative activities and to promote therapeutic options, to grant the teaching – learning system success.
RESTORATION OF THE STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL STATE OF ERYTHROCYTES AFTER HYPOTHERMIC STORAGE USING HUMAN CORD BLOOD LOW-MOLECULAR FRACTION AND THE DRUG ACTOVEGIN
Authors:   Institute for Problems of Cryobiology and Cryomedicine of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv, Gulevskyy O. K.
Published: April 2022

One of the modern transfusiology tasks is to preserve the properties of erythrocytes after hypothermic storage. Worsening of their functional state due to the storage leads to deterioration of the transfusion medium quality and a number of clinical problems. Plausible protective effects of a human cord blood low-molecular fraction (CBF) and the Actovegin drug were evaluated in the present study in order to use them as components of recovery medium. Aim. The purpose of our study was to investigate the CBF and the Actovegin drug effect on erythrocytes morphology, energy balance, and oxygen transport function of erythrocytes after their hypothermic storage. Materials and methods. In the research erythrocyte mass from human donor blood was used, which was stored in hypothermia for 7–21 days. Every 7 days, the CBF or Actovegin (final concentration 0.6 mg/ml) were added to aliquots of erythrocyte mass and incubated for 1 h at 37 °C, followed by further studies. CBF was obtained from human cord blood by ultrafiltration and lyophilization. The erythrocytes morphology was assessed using light microscopy. The content of ATP and 2.3-DPG was determined by the amount of inorganic phosphorus and the photoelectrocalorimetric method. The indicators of erythrocytes oxygen transport function (saturation, oxygen and carbon dioxide tension) were assessed using an analyzer of blood gases and electrolytes IL GEM Premier - 3000. The ratio of hemoglobin forms was studied by photometry. Results. It was shown that both CBF and the Actovegin drug promoted to restore the morpho-functional characteristics of erythrocytes after 21 days of their storage at 24 °C. This was indicative as an increase in the normocytes number increase and restoration of oxygen tension, saturation, ATP and 2,3-DFG content, and normalization of the hemoglobin forms ratio. It was suggested that the mechanisms of the compared tested substances action were associated with ATP synthesis activation and 2,3-DFG formation. Conclusions. The use of media with containing CBF or the Actovegin drug enabled to restore effectively the properties of erythrocytes disturbed during their prolonged storage.
Unconditional Basic Income in the Mirror of the New Socio-Economic and Epidemiological Reality
Authors: KOLOT A. M. , HERASYMENKO O. O.
Published: April 2022

The article is devoted to the issue of unconditional basic income as an institute in the field of social protection and a component of a new social contract in the coordinates of new socio-economic and epidemiological reality. The relevance of the study is due to the need to increase the level of social quality under conditions of exacerbation of risks and threats produced by new (digital) economy’s drivers and the coronavirus crisis’s scaling. New dangers and restrictions on social and labor development emerge under the influence of challenges posed by the “big bang-1” and the “big bang-2”, which stipulates the search for new “pillars” of distribution relations and social policy. The aim of the article is scientific argumentation of the institute of social and labor reality of the XXI century, unconditional basic income, in the context of building a new system of social protection on a post-industrial basis in accordance with principles of coherence, accessibility, transparency and fairness in order to ensure a socially acceptable standard and quality of life. Among the article’s elements of novelty is the author’s concept of unconditional basic income as one of the leading components of the new social contract; coverage of socio-economic essence and substantiation of scientific and applied meaning of unconditional basic income under conditions of new (digital) economy and network society development. The research goal is achieved through the use of systematic and interdisciplinary approaches; general scientific and special methods of scientific research: historical and logical, methods of analysis and synthesis, theoretical generalization, abstract-logical, induction and deduction, comparative analysis, system, synthesis, decomposition. The quintessence of the article is a scientific and applied substantiation of unconditional dimensions of basic income as an institute with a positive role in the field of distributive relations: the protection of income in the absence of employment guarantees on the one hand, and as a social project that should become the basis of a new paradigm of social protection in development of a “society without work” on the other. The basic principles of unconditional basic income introduction are revealed; the reasons that determine the necessity and expediency of unconditional basic income introduction are highlighted; new opportunities and potential risks in case of introduction of unconditional basic income are outlined; generalization of world practices of unconditional basic income’s elements introduction and the author’s vision of preconditions for a large-scale pilot project on unconditional basic income in Ukraine are provided.
O ativismo feminista online no Brasil
Authors: Facioli Lara Rodrigues , Gomes Simone da Silva Ribeiro
Published: April 2022

O objetivo do artigo é analisar as relações entre os feminismos e as mídias digitais em um contexto de expansão do acesso à internet no Brasil. A partir dos desdobramentos ocorridos na última década, interessa-nos compreender como se constroem novos repertórios dos ativismos feministas nas redes digitais, com atenção às transformações sociotécnicas, tecnológicas e políticas. O material empírico resulta de duas pesquisas qualitativas, com entrevistas semiestruturadas, realizadas com ativistas feministas em Londrina e no Rio de Janeiro, combinadas com acompanhamento de interações em redes sociais. Os resultados apontam para uma (re)configuração da prática política em que a promessa do digital somada aos acontecimentos políticos posteriores às jornadas de junho de 2013 no Brasil, recompõem os diagramas e os repertórios políticos desses movimentos.
Democracia estancada
Authors: Costa Lara Denise Góes da
Published: April 2022

Este artigo apresenta alguns aspectos das teorias de Foucault e Derrida como influentes nas teorias decoloniais e aponta que é possível “complementar” tais teorias com a justificação moral de que carecem. Neste sentido, recupera-se a teoria da redistribuição e do reconhecimento de Nancy Fraser como princípios de justiça social para as teorias decoloniais.
Calidad de fibra y producción de metano en ensilados de leguminosas con fuentes de carbohidratos
Authors: López-Herrera Michael , Arias-Gamboa Mauricio , Alpízar-Naranjo Andrés , Castillo-Umaña Miguel
Published: April 2022

El objetivo de esta investigación fue determinar el efecto de la fuente de carbohidratos y la especie de leguminosa sobre la calidad de la fibra, producción de gas y la concentración de metano en ensilados. El experimento se realizó entre agosto 2015 y febrero 2016. Se utilizó un diseño factorial 4x4, con cuatro leguminosas (Vigna unguiculata, Arachis pintoi, Cratylia argentea, Erythrina poeppigiana) y 4 fuentes de carbohidratos (melaza de caña de azúcar, pulpa de cítricos deshidratada, maíz molido y guineo cuadrado [GC]). Se utilizaron microsilos, que fueron almacenados por 50 días y en la apertura se midieron los indicadores de interés. El análisis de la información se realizó por medio de modelos lineales y mixtos. Se determinó que en promedio las mezclas ensiladas con leguminosas arbustivas generaron mayor contenido de fibra, aunque de menor calidad, debido a un mayor contenido de lignina en comparación con los ensilados de leguminosas herbáceas. Por otra parte, el GC fue la fuente de carbohidratos que alteró la cantidad y calidad de la fibra en los ensilados, debido al mayor contenido de FDN y lignina del fruto. Estas variaciones en la calidad y cantidad de la fibra influenciaron la producción de gas (ml/gMS), mientras que la producción de metano (L/kgMS) en el gas fue afectada por la calidad de la fibra y el contenido de taninos condensados en el forraje. En conclusión, la especie y la fuente de carbohidratos generan diferencias en la cantidad y calidad de la fibra, lo que a su vez repercute sobre la producción de gas y concentración de metano de los ensilados de leguminosas. Es así como los ensilados de Arachis o Erythrina combinados con maíz fueron los de menor producción y concentración de metano.
Gestão escolar e clima organizacional: a influência da comunicação
Authors: Prestes Soares Tatiani , De Quadros da Silva Louise , Susana Jung Hildegard , Fossatti Paulo
Published: April 2022

Este trabalho versa sobre a influência da comunicação na gestão escolar. Desse modo, apresentamos como objetivo analisar a influência da comunicação na gestão escolar em uma escola de ensino médio da rede estadual do Rio Grande do Sul. A presente pesquisa trata-se de um estudo de caso de caráter qualitativo. Os achados evidenciam que: a) existem diversos espaços informativos disponíveis; b) poderia haver uma gestão mais assertiva do clima organizacional, com manejo dos conflitos interpessoais, das decisões e da comunicação de forma geral. Considera-se que a comunicação assertiva desempenha um papel fundamental no clima organizacional escolar e está relacionada com a liderança adotada pelo diretor escolar e sua equipe.
ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF BIOSTIMULANTS IN AGRICULTURE
Authors: Sarov A. , Boevsky Iv.
Published: April 2022

Addressing issues related to the economic efficiency of biostimulants in agriculture meets the needs of farmers and consumer requirements. The urgency of this study is also determined by its compliance with the priorities of the European Union for the new CAP 2021+, in accordance with the national priorities for healthy food. Increasing plant productivity can be achieved, on the one hand, through genetics and selection, as well as through the management of physiological and biochemical processes through the use of growth regulators, on the other hand. The aim of this study is to evaluate the economic efficiency of biostimulants used in agriculture. The economic efficiency of the various biostimulants is established by solving the problem with the production structure of the agricultural holding. To establish the economic efficiency of the various biostimulants, an economic-mathematical model based on linear optimization has been developed. The results of preliminary studies show that in assessing the impact of biological substances it is necessary to take into account not only the increase in profitability and profit of a particular crop but also whether the profit of the farm as a whole has increased.
DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION OF FOOD PRODUCTION IN EUROPE AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR ITS ADAPTATION IN BULGARIA
Authors: Aleksiev G.
Published: April 2022

Agricultural production in Europe has been focused on increasing its efficiency and improving its ecological imprint. New digital technologies have created opportunities to achieve these goals and thus created a competition among producers for their implementation on a large scale. In the meantime, CAP of EU has presented multiple forms of support for the digital transformation of the sector.
The goal of this study is to analyze the key points of digital transformation of agricultural production in Europe and distinguish the opportunities for technological adaptation of digital solutions in Bulgaria.
In order to achieve this goal the following tasks must be solved: to analyze the means of digital transformation of food production in Europe and its main advantages; to recognize the opportunities for transfer of technologies and solutions adapted for the Bulgarian agricultural sector.
Histological Alteration of Green Mussel Perna viridis Organs Exposed to Microplastics
Authors: Rahim Nur Fadhilah , Yaqin Khusnul
Published: April 2022

Microplastic in the oceans might interfere the health of marine organisms, including the green mussels (Perna viridis). This is due to microplastic accumulation in mussels organs, such as gills, hepatopancreas, and gonads. Therefore, tissue alteration is a good indicator for ecological risk analysis and other ecotoxicological study activities. Green mussels with shells 4.1 to 5.0 cm in length were collected from Mandalle waters, Pangkep Regency (Pangkajene Islands), Indonesia. Green mussels were exposed for seven days to microplastic with concentrations of  0.05 (A), 0.5 (B), and 5 (C) g/L. The results showed that the higher the concentration of microplastics exposed to the green mussel, the higher the accumulation of microplastics in the body of the mussel, within the tested concentrations. The increased concentration of microplastics increased the level of tissue alteration in the gills, hepatopancreas, and gonads, with the most sensitive organ being the hepatopancreas. Overall, the study confirmed that the histological assay of mussel organs could be used as a biomarker in ecotoxicological studies.
Nietzsche e Brandes: a memória de um radicalismo aristocrático
Authors: Feiler Adilson Felicio
Published: April 2022

Resumo: O pensamento de Nietzsche é recepcionado na Escandinávia, através do historiador dinamarquês Georg Brandes. O historiador é atraído pelo aspecto aristocrático, o qual se depreende da leitura que Nietzsche realiza sobre a cultura. A radicalidade, a originalidade e a minuciosidade psicológica, que se reconhece no espírito filosófico do pensador alemão, permeiam a leitura que Brandes faz do autor de Zaratustra. O próprio Nietzsche dá testemunho do quanto seu nome, graças a Brandes, passa a ser conhecido na Dinamarca, em suas diversas cartas e outros escritos, atestando, inclusive, um correto entendimento de seu pensamento. Esta proposta tem o intuito de averiguar o papel que a memória, em seu sentido aristocrático, tem a contribuir na recepção nietzschiana, efetuada por Brandes. Em que medida a mnemotécnica pode apontar caminhos para uma cultura aristocrática, no contexto da Dinamarca de Brandes?
Método e questão judaica em Hannah Arendt
Authors: Pinheiro Romildo Gomes
Published: April 2022

Resumo: O artigo procura identificar o núcleo metodológico das Origens do Totalitarismo, na estrutura comparativa entre França e Alemanha, espécie de sociologia histórico-comparativa na qual Arendt narra as origens do Nazismo e do Stalinismo. Nessa acepção, as origens ideológicas do III Reich e do Stalinismo devem ser buscadas no Racismo, e não na homologia estabelecida entre Nazismo e Comunismo, a partir da equivalência entre a ideologia da luta de classes e da luta de raças e a prática do Terror. Desse modo, a ideia de ruptura ou novidade do Totalitarismo a que se liga essa perspectiva, deve ser associada com a ideia de “atraso histórico”, espécie de articulação entre o novo e a conservação da velha ordem, na história das Nações Continentais. Sob essa ótica, Arendt mobiliza implicitamente a ideia de atraso histórico, a qual se encontra originalmente em Gramsci e Marx, a fim de dar conta de explicar não somente as homologias entre Nazismo e Comunismo, mas também como surgiram historicamente, no âmbito nacional e europeu, como ideologias políticas fundadas em movimentos de massas. De sorte a explicitar essa perspectiva, procura-se demonstrar, neste texto, como a ideia de “atraso histórico” opera no livro 1 das Origens do Totalitarismo, dedicado ao surgimento do antissemitismo.
Sustentabilidade da Atenção Primária à Saúde em territórios rurais remotos na Amazônia fluvial: organização, estratégias e desafios
Authors: Fausto Márcia Cristina Rodrigues , Giovanella Ligia , Lima Juliana Gagno , Cabral Lucas Manoel da Silva , Seidl Helena
Published: April 2022

Resumo O artigo analisa singularidades da organização Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS) em municípios rurais remotos (MRR) da Amazônia sob influência dos rios e discute desafios para atenção integral no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). Trata-se de estudo qualitativo e quantitativo de casos múltiplos em sete MRR mediante a análise de entrevistas com gestores, visitas a serviços e dados secundários. Os MRR da Amazônia fluvial são pequenos, com população rarefeita, dispersa vivendo em condições de vulnerabilidade social. Longas distâncias, regime dos rios e irregularidade dos transportes interferem no acesso aos serviços de APS. A Estratégia Saúde da Família está implementada no sistema municipal, contudo permanecem áreas sem cobertura assistencial, indisponibilidade de serviços de APS e adaptações à Estratégia impostas pelas características do contexto. Os desafios estão relacionados ao financiamento, provisão e fixação da força de trabalho, e barreiras de acesso geográfico comprometem a capacidade de resposta da APS no SUS. A sustentabilidade da APS exige medidas estratégicas, recursos e ações de múltiplos setores e agentes públicos; políticas de suporte nacional com viabilidade para execução local, para que os serviços de APS se estabeleçam e façam sentido em espaços tão singulares.
Aspectos diferenciais do acesso e qualidade da atenção primária à saúde no alcance da cobertura vacinal de influenza
Authors: Holanda Wanessa Tenório Gonçalves , Oliveira Silvano Barbosa de , Sanchez Mauro Niskier
Published: April 2022

Resumo É observada a queda nos percentuais de cobertura vacinal no Brasil, num cenário de crescimento progressivo da cobertura da Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS), locus onde grande parte das ações de vacinação ocorre. Investigou-se as diferenças nos perfis de acesso e qualidade da APS entre municípios que atingiram ou não as metas de cobertura vacinal para influenza em 2019. Neste estudo ecológico, comparou-se variáveis potencialmente preditoras do alcance da meta de cobertura vacinal para influenza, considerando as dimensões de acesso, qualidade e características do município. Para todos os grupos, o conjunto de municípios que atingiu a cobertura preconizada tinha maiores coberturas de APS e de Estratégia de Saúde da Família e maior número de Agentes Comunitários de Saúde por mil habitantes. Também realizavam mais busca ativa de crianças com calendário vacinal atrasado, registravam a vacinação em dia das gestantes, o horário de funcionamento da unidade atendia às expectativas do usuário, havia maior satisfação do usuário com o cuidado recebido e maior percentual da população com acesso à coleta de lixo. As variáveis podem servir de apoio para a tomada de decisão quanto à organização dos serviços de APS na busca de ampliar as coberturas vacinais para influenza.