bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
GC-MS analysis of bioactive phytochemicals of gum exudates of Mangifera indica. linn.
Authors: Mercija J. , Nevaditha N. T.
Published: April 2022

The aim of this study was to verify the potential of Mangifera indica gum (MIG) as a bioactive agent. Plant gum was collected from the bark of Mangifera indica and was, purified and characterized with Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and gas chromatography (GC) analyses. Purified gum was tested for its antimicrobial, antioxidant, antidiabetic, and anti-inflammatory. IR and GC analyses of gum showed the presence of several types of bioactive components in Mangifera indica gum. The gum showed potent antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus (63%) and Enterococcus faecalis (58%). The antioxidant activity of MOG was investigated by 2,2- diphenyl 2- picryl hydrazyl hydrate (DPPH) radical scavenging and the MIG shows good activity when compared with the standard ascorbic acid. The anti-inflammatory activity of the MIG was estimated by the bovine serum albumin denaturation (BSA)method and showed significant activity against the standard drug. The anti-diabetic activity of the MIG was determined by the dinitro salicylic acid (DNSA)method displayed significant anti-diabetic activity. These findings confirmed that MIG has a potential source for the formulation of new therapeutic drugs.
The impact of the use of digital media in the radio on the dissemination of Islamic culture
Authors: Alshawi Abeer Salim , Alghaithi Salim Ali , Alrayssi Jabir Ali , Alsuwaidi Abdallah EbrahimnMohammed Ebrahim , Hamzah Abd. Rahman Bin Hj.
Published: April 2022

The study aims to identify the impact of the use of digital media in the radio on the dissemination of Islamic culture, to identify the concept of digital media, to identify the nature and types of digital databases, and to reveal the role of radio in spreading Islamic culture. The Arab society is distinguished from other societies through the various historical stages, and the importance of this in spreading Islamic culture is highlighted, and social networking sites have also overpowered audio broadcasting as a result of the numerous electronic developments and applications. Beliefs, cultures, and media wars, and among its most important recommendations: the need to allocate financial budgets in order to bring in what is new in relation to digital applications, and to develop solutions to many of the problems facing radio by attracting those with competencies and expertise in relation to digital applications, as well as paying attention to training workers and engaging them in specialized courses Linked to digital applications in order to benefit from them in the improvement and development of radio programs.
Growth and biochemical response of ocimum basilicum l. plant under critical drought environmental
Authors: Al-Samarrai Omar N. , Al- Samarrai Maher C. Ghassan F.
Published: April 2022

Study curried out to evolution response growth and biochemical of Ocimum basilicum L. under drought conditions. Plant grown under treatment conditions (24 hours with - 54°C, 21°C, 55-70% RH) and plant were transferred to growth chamber for 6 weeks. The results showed that the rate of increase in chlorophyll a and b was significant with an increase rate of 1.7 and 0.6 compared to control after three days of treatment. The results also showed that H2O2 content was increased and reached to 1.3, 2.8 and 3.5X compared to the control after three, six and nine days of treatment respectively. One the other hand the levels of the enzyme APX activity, Lipid peroxidation and protein which was conducted on the tissue of basil leaves, increase compared with control after three days of treatment.
Algoritmización para la resolución de ecuaciones no lineales mediante la técnica de iteración variacional
Authors: Herrera Herrera Arnoldo Abraham , Cisneros Díaz Iván Augusto
Published: April 2022

Este trabajo aborda la técnica iteración variacional que es un método iterativo para resolver ecuaciones no lineales de la forma f(x)=0. En este sentido, el objetivo principal es generar nuevos algoritmos y esquemas iterativos que permitan obtener nuevas fórmulas y métodos iterativos. Se crean nuevas fórmulas mediante procedimientos matemáticos basados en las variantes del método de Newton y las técnicas de iteración variacional. Además, se expresan los desarrollos constructivos de los principales esquemas iterativos. Se obtienen los principales esquemas iterativos de cada método mediante la deducción de su construcción, así como el análisis de convergencia mediante la aplicación computacional en el lenguaje de programación Python. Se ejemplifican y se calculan raíces de ecuaciones no lineales de algunas funciones bases, utilizadas en los artículos científicos consultados, las cuales tienen características de ser continuas y diferenciables. Por otra parte, se realiza una comparación entre algunos de los algoritmos existentes y los diseñados en esta investigación, utilizando los criterios de máximo y mínimo número de evaluaciones funcionales. Dichos aspectos son piezas fundamentales para la validez de los nuevos algoritmos. Según los resultados obtenidos después de las diversas comparaciones, los algoritmos presentan un excelente funcionamiento con respecto a los existentes en la literatura sobre esta área de conocimiento.
Modelamientos de los parámetros geofísicos por una fuente sísmica capaz de generar un tsunami en la costa de Pochomil, Nicaragua
Authors: García Montano Humberto , Maltez Perez Ninoska J.
Published: April 2022

En esta investigación, los parámetros geofísicos (golpe, deslizamiento, inclinación, buzamiento, tipo de falla, rigidez, profundidad, dinámica de ruptura sísmica, generación y propagación de tsunamis) del movimiento del suelo debido a un terremoto de deslizamiento de bloque como el ocurrido en 1992 frente a la costa de León. Estos parámetros están asociados a movimientos verticales y horizontales tridimensionales del suelo dependientes del tiempo de modelos de ruptura dinámica espontánea que conducen a la generación de un tsunami como amenaza latente para la costa de Pochomil. Para ello se utilizó el software TUNAMI-N2 Code modificado por Yanagisawa (2018), basado en los parámetros geofísicos calculados por el Servicio Geológico de los Estados Unidos (USGS), el Global Centroid-Moment-Tensor Project (GCMT), y Tanioka et al. 2017, con magnitud 7,7 Mw. De los resultados del modelado, el evento que genera una onda de mayor amplitud fue causado por un plano de falla inversa, con magnitud 8.0 Mw, rigidez 15 GPa, profundidad 10 km, buzamiento 80.8°, inclinación 87.2° y deslizamiento 118°. El modelo de propagación de olas generó una altura de 14,2 m y un tiempo de llegada de 35 minutos.
Academic Self -Concept (ASC) and Well-Being of Students in Hongkong: An Exploratory Study
Authors: R Verma
Published: April 2022

Goal: There is considerable significance of academic self-concepts in the educational context and in personal growth and while much research has been devoted to the factors affecting their development, and gender is posited as an important factor. The purpose of this study was to examine the academic self-concepts of Hongkong adolescent high school students. The objectives and research questions were to explore Maths and English Academic self-concepts and happiness, regarding 1. Is gender associated with student’s English and Math’s academic self-concept? 2. Do adolescent boys and girls have different Math and English ASC? 3. Is there any association between academic self-concept and well-being? Method: The study adopted a cross-sectional study design with convenient sampling using phone calls and emails. For data collection, the two scales used were – 1. The Academic Self-Description Questionnaire II (ASDQ-II) to index Maths and English academic self-concept by Marsh in 1990. 2. The subjective happiness Scale by designed by Lyubomirsky and Lepper in 1990. Result: A total of 47 student participants, a mix of girls and boys were surveyed. The sample reported an average age of 13 (SD=.351); and most of the respondents are female (61.7%). The study involved one independent variable which is gender (n=47, mean=1.62, std. deviation=.491). The three dependent variables were as follows- English ASC (n=47, mean=33.6, std. deviation=.491), Maths ASC (n=47, mean=33.57, std. deviation=7.1 and happiness self-concept (n=46, mean=19.6, std. deviation=4.62. There were two significant findings -1. Gender is negatively correlated with Maths ASC. 2. Happiness is significantly correlated with English. Conclusion: The findings of this study were revealing that the boys are more likely to report a higher level of Maths academic self-concept, while English academic self-concept is not related to gender. Also, happiness among students is positively correlated with high English Self-Concept. The results supported the notion that gender is correlated with academic self-concept. The study also supported the notions that academic self-concept influences happiness, as English academic self-concept was found to be positively correlated with happiness. The results have been strongly argued to confidently pave way for conclusive direction for future research.
An Analytical Study of Consumer Attitude towards Green Products
Authors:   Research Scholar, Centre for Management Studies, Jamia Millia Islamia (Central University) New Delhi, Tazeen Farah , Zaheer Azmee ,   Research Scholar, School of Management Studies, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central University) Lucknow, Mullick N.H. ,   Professor, Centre for Management Studies, Jamia Millia Islamia, (Central University) New Delhi
Published: April 2022

Purpose- Consumers have increased their concerns in natural ingredients, sustainable packaging, and other green elements of products. The study was intended to evaluate customers’ attitude, concern, behavior and knowledge on green products. Methodology- The study is based on considering qualitative research based on questionnaire research. On the basis of that, the data is collected using the SPSS software in order to analyze the data collected. In addition to that, regression and correlation are used to gain a better understanding of the topic of discussion. Evaluation was based on survey. 129 individuals’ responses were collected and their participation was completely voluntary. Findings & Results- The results computed using multiple regression analysis showed that brand authenticity and green product price significantly influences consumers’ decision of purchase of those products. The response of the research stated positive outcome and most of the respondents were aware about green products. H4 is supported, clearly inferring that awareness of brand is a strong factor in making purchase decision of green products. It can be clearly inferred from the results that consumers’ awareness, brand value and price of the product significantly influences purchasing decision of the consumer. An individual having little concern for environment have a stronger inclination towards green products. Practical Implications- The findings may yield useful information for environmental sustainability. Consumers will become more conscious of their purchases. It will bring behavioural change towards environmental sustainability. The more aware the consumer is, the safer our environment will be.
CARACTERIZAÇÃO FISICO-QUÍMICA E MICROBIOLÓGICA DE VINAGRES ARTESANAIS ELABORADOS A PARTIR DAS CASCAS DE ABACAXI “TURIAÇÚ”
Authors: Silva I. C. C. , Oliveira M. V. S. , Bandeira M. G. A. , Santana A. A. , Luz D. A.
Published: April 2022

A polpa de abacaxi geralmente é bastante apreciada, entretanto, suas cascas normalmente são descartadas, sem nenhum reaproveitamento. Pensando em uma alternativa sustentável para evitar este desperdício do fruto, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo a elaboração de vinagres artesanais de cascas de abacaxi “Turiaçu”. Três formulações de vinagres artesanais a nível de bancada foram elaboradas. Destas foram avaliadas características físico-químicas (acidez % (p/v), teor alcoólico % (v/v), extrato seco (g/L), densidade relativa e pH) e microbiológicas (determinação de coliformes totais e termotolerantes). Os valores obtidos foram satisfatórios para as 3 amostras. O diferencial entre as formulações foi a concentração de ácido acético, pois, somente a amostra 1 (1Kg cascas inteiras, 2L água e 50g açúcar) apresentou valor condizente com a legislação vigente para vinagres que é de no mínimo 4%, enquanto, a amostra 2 (1Kg cascas inteiras e 2L água) e amostra 3 ( 1Kg cascas trituradas e 2L água) não atingiram este percentual, provavelmente porque precisariam de mais tempo para o término da etapa de fermentação. Algo que não era o foco do trabalho, pois se buscou elaborar formulações com o mesmo tempo de fermentação e assim fazer o estudo comparativo. Assim, concluiu-se que o vinagre da amostra 1 foi a melhor formulação elaborada, podendo ser produzida em grande escala como fonte de renda para a comunidade local, pois, desenvolver um novo produto a partir de uma matéria prima inaproveitável e com ingredientes de baixo custo é de grande incentivo para o crescimento econômico para o estado do Maranhão.
PERFIL DE CONSUMIDORES DE CARNE E PRODUTOS CÁRNEOS CAPRINOS E OVINOS DA REGIÃO OESTE POTIGUAR
Authors: Oliveira L. V. , Silva L. M. S. , Sousa E. P. , Oliveira E. N. A. , Lima T. L. S. , Lemos D. M. , Carvalho L. M. C.
Published: April 2022

A maioria dos produtos de panificação pode ser incorporada de diferentes ingredientes, o que contribui para a sua diversificação nutriciO mercado de carnes e produtos derivados de caprinos e ovinos é bastante promissor. Para inserção de novos produtos cárneos, são necessários estudos voltados para melhor compreender o perfil dos consumidores. Assim, neste contexto, objetivou-se com este estudo, avaliar o perfil de consumidores de carne e produtos cárneos caprinos e ovinos da região Oeste Potiguar. Para a coleta de dados fez-se a aplicação de um questionário (Google Formulários) com questões que possibilitaram a realização de um estudo quali-quantitativo, com a participação de 244 entrevistados. Os resultados indicaram que houve um representativo número de mulheres (59,8%) respondentes; um consumo considerável de carne caprina/ovina (50,4%); falta de conhecimentos sobre os benefícios destas carnes (77%); aceitabilidade de produtos cárneos oriundos de caprinos e ovinos (44%) e intenção de compra para tais produtos, os quais os maiores percentuais foram observados para a linguiça e hambúrguer respectivamente. Portanto, o estudo em questão possui relevância para o setor acadêmico e industrial, além de contribuir para melhorias e expansão de produtos cárneos derivados de carne caprina e ovina na região Oeste Potiguar.
CONSUMO DE CAFÉ NO BRASIL: UMA REVISÃO
Authors: Lima D. S. S. , Eliziário A. V. R. , Jesus L. K. , Amaral T. N.
Published: April 2022

O Brasil se destaca por ser o segundo maior consumidor de café comparado com o mundo, os dados confirmam que este produto está presente em 81% dos lares brasileiros. Para saber a qualidade desta bebida é realizado através da análise sensorial um processo seletivo que avalia diversas características físicas, químicas e sensoriais do café, logo após é realizado uma análise descritiva quantitativa com julgadores previamente selecionados e treinados para posteriormente categorizá-lo como um café tradicional de menor qualidade, como café gourmet com uma qualidade mediana e o café especial, considerado de extrema qualidade. Os consumidores percebem o valor do produto através da textura e aroma, pois consideram variáveis extrínsecas para a decisão de compra, além de marca, preço e informações do rótulo. Nota-se com o estudo que o consumidor demonstra uma relação emocional e afetiva com o produto e que a experiência de beber café é um dos prazeres da vida, além de uma forma de melhorar o humor e a disposição. Assim, o presente artigo de revisão teve por objetivo analisar o comportamento dos consumidores de café e os métodos de avaliação com base em suas preferências. De tal forma, pôde-se concluir que a bebida tende a se manter firme no mercado e principalmente no paladar dos brasileiros, e que além da qualidade outro motivo de escolha considerando sua diversidade é o preço do produto, sendo o café torrado e moído o mais acessível ao consumidor.
BACTÉRIAS DA AMAZÔNIA COM POTENCIAL USO EM PROCESSOS FERMENTATIVOS E INDUSTRIAL
Authors: Silva S. K. R. , Ramos S. F. S. , Santana R. C. F. , Dias A. L. , Sousa Júnior J. J. V.
Published: April 2022

Enzimas microbianas têm sido alvo da indústria biotecnológica visto a ampla variedade de aplicação e a facilidade de obtenção em escala laboratorial. Dentre os microrganismos de interesse, fungos filamentosos e actinobactérias tem se destacado como fontes potenciais de diversas enzimas hidrolíticas, proteases e lipases. Ambientes pouco explorados podem abrigar uma diversidade microbiana produtora de diversos metabólitos primários e secundários de aplicação na indústria farmacêutica e de alimentos. Neste sentido, foi realizado um screening em um acervo de actinobactérias isoladas de ambientes diferenciados no bioma Amazônia e selecionado os isolados com potencial enzimático na produção de Caseinase, Pectinase, Amilase, Lipase e Esterase. As enzimas lipase e esterase foram produzidas pela maioria dos isolados, seguido da atividade proteolítica. Já as enzimas amilase e pectinase foram produzidas por poucos isolados bacterianos. Quanto ao potencial enzimático, apenas 9 isolados apresentaram índice enzimático inferior a 1,5, sendo três produtores de amilase, 4 produtores de caseinase, 1 produtor de lipase e 1 produtor de pectinase. O acervo bacteriano investigado é uma fonte natural importante de enzimas de aplicação industrial e pode ser matéria-prima importante para estudos futuros que descrevam as características bioquímicas e estruturais destas enzimas e suas possibilidades de aplicações na indústria de alimentos.
ESTUDO DAS PRINCIPAIS TÉCNICAS ANALÍTICAS UTILIZADAS NA DETERMINAÇÃO DE CAFEÍNA
Authors: Silva R. V. , Lima B. V. , Silva L. D. F. , Neves P. A. F. , Felicio C. M. , Isaias P. H. , Marques G. C.
Published: April 2022

O cafeeiro é uma das culturas que mais destaca-se no cenário brasileiro e mundial pela qualidade da bebida. Entre os principais fatores do sucesso do café está a presença da cafeína, uma substância psicoativa presente em diferentes partes da planta. O consumo mundial per capita de cafeína, é da ordem de 3 a 7 mg/kg/dia, ou seja, aproximadamente 200 mg ou duas xícaras de café por dia, e mostram, ainda, que esse consumo per capita mg/kg/dia está aumentando, em detrimento ao aumento das atividades mentais e físicas durante o dia que se estendem durante algumas horas da noite. Para a quantificação dessa sustância envolve etapas preliminares de extração para que seja realizada uma análise laboratorial confiável. Assim, neste trabalho foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica para conhecer as principais técnicas de extração e quantificação da cafeína. Estudos recentes têm demonstrado que o manejo dos frutos da pós-colheita favorece controle de qualidades sensoriais e, consequentemente, obtenção de melhor preço do café. Após os estudos realizados, analisou-se as vantagens e desvantagens de sete técnicas analíticas que tem sido utilizada nas análises de cafeína e outros componentes do cafezeiro. Portanto, após o fim do isolamento social, no retorno às atividades presenciais, serão quantificados os teores de cafeína nos 26 de genótipos de café arábica implantados no banco germoplasma de cafeeiro do Instituto Federal Goiano – Campus Morrinhos.
CARACTERÍSTICAS E APLICAÇÕES DA AMORA PRETA (Rubus spp): UMA REVISÃO
Authors: Ferreira T. F. , Oliveira L. C. , Lopes F. C. P. , Ferreira O. H. , Amaral T. N.
Published: April 2022

A amoreira é uma planta rústica pertencente à família Rosaceae, gênero Rubus, origem Asiática e introduzida no sul do Brasil na década de 70. A fruta destaca-se pela sua variedade nutricional, tecnológica e medicinal. Pelas características de perecibilidade e sazonalidade da amora preta o consumo in natura se torna limitado, neste sentido a aplicação de tecnologias de processamento são importantes. O presente estudo tem por objetivo abordar pontos chave para o entendimento da amora preta, suas características e aplicações tecnológicas em formato de revisão de literatura. Os tópicos abordados discorrem sobre as características gerais da amora preta como origem, estruturas, diferentes espécies, características físico-químicas, composição centesimal, variação de compostos fenólicos e antocianinas em diferentes meses de colheita, especificidades sobre a cor, presença de antioxidantes e pigmentos, finalizando com aplicações tecnológicas como corante natural, fermentado alcoólico, seco e frozen. Desta forma, com o interesse do consumo de amora e seus produtos pelas características nutricionais, tecnológicas e sensoriais pode-se verificar o potencial de uso do fruto em produtos alimentícios.
PROCESSAMENTO E ANÁLISE SENSORIAL DE LINGUIÇA FRESCAL DE FRANGO ADICIONADA DO EXTRATO DA PIMENTA ROSA
Authors: Pontes E. D. S. , Araújo M. G. G. , Araújo M. C. G. , Sales H. L. D. , Viera V. B. , Piovesan N.
Published: April 2022

Os extratos naturais se tornaram uma alternativa promissora para substituir os antioxidantes sintéticos, devido aos seus constituintes fitoquímicos. A pimenta rosa é uma planta alimentícia não convencional rica em compostos fenólicos e seu extrato pode ser útil como antioxidante natural. Nesse contexto, objetivou-se avaliar as características sensoriais de linguiças de frango elaboradas com diferentes concentrações de antioxidantes naturais (extrato hidroalcóolico da pimenta rosa). Para isso, foram elaboradas cinco formulações de linguiças, LC: Controle (sem adição de antioxidantes), LE: adição de 1% de antioxidante sintético (Eritorbato de sódio); L0,5: 0,5% de antioxidante natural); L1: adicionado de 1% de antioxidante natural; L2: adicionado de 2% de antioxidante natural, que foram mantidas em refrigeração (4 ºC± 1°C) por 7 dias e avaliados quanto suas propriedades sensoriais através de uma escala hedônica estruturadas de 9 pontos, seu índice de aceitabilidade e potencial mercadológico também foram avaliados. A análise sensorial demonstrou que a adição dos extratos da pimenta rosa influenciou em alguns parâmetros sensoriais, demonstrando um alto potencial mercadológico e aceitação entre os consumidores similar ao tratamento adicionado de antioxidante sintético. O índice de aceitabilidade mostrou que todas as amostras avaliadas foram bem aceitas pelos avaliadores, sendo LE e L2 as com maior aceitabilidade quanto a avaliação global. Diante do exposto, infere-se que a adição dos extratos de pimenta rosa possui ação positiva quanto as propriedades sensoriais de linguiça de frango, podendo ser utilizada como aditivo natural, sem impactar a aceitação do produto mesmo após um período de refrigeração.
AVALIAÇÃO DA ROTULAGEM DE DIFERENTES MARCAS DE PRODUTOS LÁCTEOS
Authors: Pontes E. D. S. , Rodrigues M. G. D. S. , Lopes R. M. M. , Silva H. M. F. N. , Saraiva P. C. A. , Silva E. C. , Nascimento J. A. S.
Published: April 2022

Tendo em vista a necessidade de adequação dos rótulos às normativas e legislação vigentes, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar se as informações nutricionais, ingredientes e rotulagem de diferentes marcas de produtos lácteos, comercializados na cidade Solânea-PB, estariam em conformidade com a legislação vigente. Para isso foram realizadas visitas à diferentes estabelecimentos comerciais no município de Solânea no estado da Paraíba, em março de 2021. Avaliou-se no total 5 marcas diferentes (denominadas de A, B, C, D, E) de leite em pó e 4 marcas de Requeijão (A, B, C, D) com auxílio da aplicação de um Checklist contendo 33 itens com os critérios C (conforme), NC (não conforme) e NA (não se aplica), elaborado com base em algumas das principais legislações vigentes. Das marcas de requeijão estudadas 25% apresentaram alguma não conformidade. A marca D não apresentou as informações de Lote e data de fabricação estando em descordo com a legislação. No tocante às marcas de leite estudadas, 40% apresentaram alguma não conformidade em relação aos seus rótulos. Os rótulos estudados estavam, em sua maioria, em conformidade com a legislação, porém, ainda deve-se atentar a alguns dos itens que não estavam de acordo com as normativas. Com isto vale ressaltar que a fiscalização deve ser periódica por parte dos órgãos competentes, e o consumidor também deve ficar atento a todos os principais itens que estão contidos nos rótulos dos alimentos.
PERFIL DO CONSUMIDOR DE CAFÉ NO ALTO JEQUITINHONHA – MG
Authors: Lopes F. C. P. , Lima D. S. S. , Santos P. N. , Oliveira Neto G. L. , Oliveira M. A. S. , Amaral T. N.
Published: April 2022

O café pertence à família Rubiaceae Egênero Coffea L. e é considerado uma das bebidas mais consumidas no mundo. O Brasil se destaca pela produção e exportação. O Vale do Jequitinhonha apresenta uma representativa porção dessa produção cafeeira. Assim, o trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar as preferências e o comportamento do consumidor de café diante a diversidade do produto no Alto Jequitinhonha – MG. Inicialmente, um questionário de opinião semiestruturado foi enviado às pessoas que consumiam café, das regiões do Alto Jequitinhonha, através da ferramenta Google Formulários®, os envolvidos foram de forma voluntária, totalizando 104consumidores. A análise de resultados demonstrou que 36,54 % apresentavam faixa etária entre 26 e 35 anos, em sua maioria do sexo feminino (75,96 %), bem como tomavam café todos os dias (86,54 %). Além disso, relataram utilizar coador de pano (62,5 %), e consumiam café tradicional (55,77 %). Por fim, o presente estudo possibilitou traçar o perfil dos consumidores potenciais, bem como suas preferências.
The Catholic Way: The Catholic Diocese of Dallas and Desegregation, 1945–1971
Authors: Newman Mark
Published: April 2022

Neglected in the many studies of Dallas, Bishop Thomas K. Gorman and Catholic religious orders that staffed schools and churches in the Diocese of Dallas led the way in desegregation and achieved peaceful change ahead of secular institutions. Gorman and religious orders formulated, supported, and implemented desegregation policies without fanfare or publicity that might divide Catholics and arouse segregationist opposition from within and/or outside the Church's ranks. Black Catholics were far from quiescent and made important contributions to secular desegregation. In September 1955, two African American Catholics enrolled in Jesuit High, a boys’ school, making it the only desegregated school in Dallas. George Allen, the father of one of the boys, subsequently worked behind the scenes to negotiate desegregation of the city's buses and other public accommodations. Another African American lay Catholic, Clarence A. Laws, organized and led civil rights protests in the city as the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People's Southwest regional director. White sisters also contributed to racial change. Even before the US Supreme Court ruled public school segregation unconstitutional in Brown v. Board of Education in May 1954, the Sisters of St. Mary of Namur, without publicity, admitted African Americans to a white girls’ school, Our Lady of Victory, in Fort Worth, making it the first desegregated school in the city. However, residential segregation and white flight limited integration of Catholic schools and churches, and Catholic school desegregation largely involved the closure of black schools.
In Pursuit of “Equality of Opportunity”: Ernesto and Karla Galarza Challenge School Segregation, Washington, DC, 1947
Authors: García David G. , Yosso Tara J. , Santos Ryan E.
Published: April 2022

This article examines the case of Karla Galarza v. Washington, DC Board of Education. On April 3, 1947, Karla Galarza refused to accept the board's directive to withdraw from the Black segregated Margaret Murray Washington Vocational School. Her father, Dr. Ernesto Galarza, supported her decision and worked to challenge the expulsion, and the system of segregation, as unconstitutional. The authors analyze materials from regional and national archives, oral accounts, legal documents, and personal collections, focusing on Dr. Galarza's voice in over one hundred pages of correspondence. Dr. Galarza brought together an interracial legal team, including Charles Hamilton Houston, the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, the American Civil Liberties Union, the American Jewish Congress, and the National Lawyers Guild. Dr. Galarza lauded the pedagogy of a Black teacher and the pluralism cultivated in a Black school community as evidence of democracy in action. The legal team proposed that Karla's expulsion constituted a violation of the Fifth Amendment, naming education as a property right. However, after extensive research and discussion across ten months, the organizations determined they should not pursue the case in court. The authors assert that this attempted legal intervention is an unnamed forerunner in the attack on Plessy v. Ferguson and complicates previous narratives of the long struggle to end school segregation.
Ethnic Student Radicalism and Activism: The Chicana/o Studies Movement at the University of Washington, 1968–1980
Authors: Moreno José G.
Published: April 2022

This article examines the historical and political rise and decline of the University of Washington (UW) Chicana/o Studies Movement (CSM) between the years of 1968 and 1980. It argues that the CSM emerged in part due to the growth of local Chicana / o community radicalism and activism throughout the Pacific Northwest. Section one investigates student activism and radicalism on the UW campus. The second section critically analyzes the political struggles and academic landscape of the CSM on the Seattle campus. Finally, it examines the political and ideological struggles that forced UW's Chicana/o studies and other ethnic studies disciplines to merge into a single American ethnic studies department.
A Community Divided: The Ho Lawsuit and Chinese San Franciscans’ Search for Education Equality and Racial Inclusion
Authors: Zou Hao
Published: April 2022

The Brian Ho lawsuit in the 1990s, brought about by several school children of Chinese descent in the San Francisco United School District against the school district, state defendants, and the San Francisco NAACP, signified a shift in the understanding of education equality that spotlighted divergent views, motivations, and actions concerning race-conscious education policies among Chinese San Franciscans. This article examines the intra-community dynamics and conflicts in Chinese San Franciscans’ pursuit of education rights and racial equality in the 1980s and 1990s by reconstructing their various claims to education equality. These divergent yet analogous struggles for equal educational opportunities reflected varied racial attitudes and conceptions of Chinese American racial identity. What these disparate racial perceptions and identity conceptions embodied fundamentally was a range of arguments for racial inclusion and equality. The contrast and contradictions between these distinct views persisted, reemerging in Chinese Americans’ continued apprehension of their racial identity in the wake of the renewed debate about race-based education policies that was juxtaposed with the rising racial hatred toward Asian Americans during the COVID-19 pandemic.
عزل واختبار كفاءة كل من بكتيريا Azotobacter وبكتيريا Burkholderia المعزولتين محلياً من الترب الليبية في تثبيت النتروجين الجوي
Authors: بن محمود ميرفت الطاهر , الفرجاني إيمان علي
Published: April 2022

أجريت هذه التجربة في معمل الأحياء الدقيقة، قسم التربة،  كلية الزراعة ، جامعة طرابلس لغرض اختبار كفاءة بكتيريا Azotobacter وBurkholderia المعزولة محلياً من الترب الليبية في تثبيت النتروجين الجوي، وتضمنت التجربة عزل، واختبار بكتيريا Azotobacter وBurkholderia من ترب منطقة جذور لنباتات مختلفة جلبت من مدينة طرابلس وضواحيها إذ تم الحصول على 10عزلات نتيجة لعمل تخافيف لهذه الترب، وُدرست الصفات الكيموحيوية، والمورفولوجية، والمجهرية لهما، بينت النتائج أن جميع العزلات تعود للنوعين من AzotobacterوBurkholderia وأن أعداد بكتيرياAzotobacter توجد بوفرة في منطقة جذور(منطقة رايزوسفير) بعض النباتات المستخدمة في البحث، وقد تراوحت أعدادها ما بين×6.1 - 310 ×1.95 ) 1010) /cfuجم تربة، كذلك تراوحت كمية النتروجين المثبتة من قبل بكتيريا Azotobacter ما بين ( 18.50 - 6.8( ملجم/ لتر،أما بكتيريا Burkholderia فقد تراوحت أعدادها ما بين (9.4 × 810 - 1.5 × 310)/cfu جم تربة، وتراوحت كمية النتروجين المثبتة ما بين ( 15.50 -5.38( ملجم/ لتر، وتبين أيضا أن هناك فروقا معنوية بين بكتيريا Azotobacter، وBurkholderia من حيث أعدادها، وقدرتها على تثبيت النيتروجين الجوي، وبهذا يمكن استخدام الجنسين في برامج التسميد الحيوي في الترب الليبية.
Allelopathic Effects of Arum cyreniacum on Germination and Growth of Two Varieties of Vicia faba
Authors: Salih Sami mohammed , Alaila Ahlam K. , abdulrraziq Ahmed amrajaa , asbeeh Jibreel Aldaekh
Published: April 2022

Two experiments were conducted (laboratory - pots)  at the lab of Botany Department/ Faculty of Science/ Omar Al-Mukhtar University/ Al Bayda/ Libya, with the aim of determining the allopathic effects of aqueous extracts at concentrations of (10, 20, and 40%) and the crude powder added to the soil at concentrations of (1, 2, and 4%) of Arum cyreniacum (Tubers - Leaves) on the germination of seeds and the development of seedlings of two Vicia faba cultivars (local - Massa), with three replications according to a completely randomized design. The results of the laboratory experiment showed significant differences in the reduction of germination percentage, reduction of radicle and plumule lengths between the aqueous extracts, and concentrations of Vicia faba cultivars (local - Massa), compared with control. The results of a pot experiment also showed that the high concentrations significantly reduced the emergence percentage of seedlings, while all concentrations led to a clear and large reduction in root and shoot system lengths and a decrease in fresh and dry weights of seedlings of (local - Massa) cultivars. Most of the concentrations used caused an accumulation of chlorophyll (a) and carotenoids, and decreased the concentration of chlorophyll (b), it also led to an accumulation of potassium, iron, copper, and nickel, while they led to a decrease in the sodium concentration of two cultivars compared to the control, The tubers had the highest inhibition rates compared to the leaves, and the high concentrations of extracts and crude powder were the most toxic in inhibiting the growth of the studied traits of the two cultivars, Massa cultivar was more sensitive than the local cultivar.
تأثير تشميس بذور البازلاء على الفطريات المحمولة عليها وعلى حيويتها
Authors: محمد نواره على , العالم هاجر حمد
Published: April 2022

استهدفت هذه الدراسة التعرف على تأثير تشميس بذور البازلاء المتحصل عليها من حقول منطقة الوسيطة، الجبل الأخضر ليبيا، والمعزول منها أنواع من فطر Alternaria ، و فطرFusarium، كذلك كل من  فطرRhizoctonia ، فطر Botrytis، وفطر Sclerotinia ، عرضت هذه البذور بعد تغطيتها تحت ظروف الصيف لمنطقتي رأس لانوف، وشحات لمدة 5 أسابيع. تشير نتائج البحث إلى أن التعقيم الشمسي مقارنة بغير المغطاة تحت ظروف منطقتي شحات، ورأس لانوف خفضت نسبة ظهور الفطريات المحمولة على البذور،  مع عدم وجود فروق بين الموقعين، كانت جميع المعاملات أعلي تأثيرا من الشاهد غير المغطاة، ولم تعطِ النتائج انخفاضا في نسبة إنبات البذور إلا بعد خمسة أسابيع من التغطية، إلا أن نوع الغطاء سجل انخفاضا في طول الريشة للبذور غير المغطاة بالبلاستيك تحت ظروف منطقة شحات، بينما المغطاة بالبلاستيك الأسود كانت أقل تأثرا، وكان الانخفاض معنويا للبذور المغطاة بالبلاستيك الشفاف تحت ظروف منطقة رأس لانوف، وكان للتغطية بالبلاستيك الشفاف تحت ظروف المنطقتين تأثير كبير على طول الجذير، وزاد هذا التأثير زيادة واضحة بمقارنة الأسابيع الخمس. وخلصت هذه الدراسة إلى أن عملية تشميس بذور البازلاء أعطت فاعلية عالية ضد الفطريات المحمولة على البذور في الأسابيع الاولى، دون أن يؤثر على حيويتها.
New Distributional Record of a Rare Species Amomum Pauciflorum Baker (Zingiberaceae) from Assam, India
Authors: Daimary Ranjit , Sinha Bipin
Published: April 2022

Amomum pauciflorum Baker (Zingiberaceae), a rare plant species earlier recorded from Meghalaya, India is reported for the first time from Assam, India. A detailed description along with distribution and photographs have been provided in this paper for its easy identification.
Species Diversity and Ethnobotanical uses of Grass and Sedge species of Tarai Region of Kumaun, Uttarakhand
Authors: Mathur Anjali , Joshi Hema
Published: April 2022

The study of species diversity and ethnobotanical uses of grass and sedge species was conducted during 2008-2011 in the tarai region of Kumaun. The study area is located in Lalkuan of Nainital district and Kichha tehsil covering Pantnagar in district Udhamsingh Nagar as they occupy main part of central tarai region. The entire study area was divided into three sites and eight communities. The plant species were collected seasonally i.e. summer, rainy and winter. Total 41 grass and 17 sedge species were collected during the study period and 35 grass and 4 sedge species were found of ethnobotanical importance. Their ethnobotanical uses were identified through oral communication with local as well as migrant people settled in the region. It was found during study period that climate was favourable for the growth of grass and sedge.
Mountain Lee Waves over Western Ghats
Authors: SINHA M. C.
Published: April 2022

Clouds associated with the short mountain lee waves were observed at Matheran in the Western Ghats on 6 March 1965. In this paper details of the observed lee waves are given. The environmental profile of wind and temperature on this day have also been studied with a view to see weather the conditions were favourable for the formation of the mountain lee waves which were actually observed at Matheran.
Some characteristics of tropopause over India
Authors: SASTRY P. S. N. , NARASIMHAM A. L.
Published: April 2022

Variations of the height and temperature of tropopause over India have been discussed in this paper. Seasonal and latitudinal variations over India have been compared with those over neighbouring stations. Smith (1963) suggested that increase in moisture contributes to the lowering of the tropopause; but a comparison of the mixing ratios with tropopause heights over India does not seem to bear this out.
Salt Particles and Haze in the Indian Monsoon Air
Authors: SRIVASTAVA R. C. , RONNE C.
Published: April 2022

During the International Indian Ocean Expedition, an extensive series of time-lapse motion pictures of clouds was taken from aircraft over the Arabian Sea. An unusual feature revealed by these pictures is the occurrence, during the monsoon season, of cumulus clouds immersed in a dense haze, which frequently cut down the visibility to less than 10 km. In this paper, an attempt is made to explain the occurrence of the haze, over the eastern portions of the Arabian Sea, in terms of condensation of water vapour on sea-salt particles.
Hemispherical transport of volcanic dust inferred from diffuse radiation measurements
Authors: AYYAR P. S. HARIHARA
Published: April 2022

Volcanic dust has been used in the past as a tracer or' atmospheric motions. The volcanic dust resulting from the eruption of Mt. Agung, Bali (8° S, 115°E) w March 1963 produced some spectacular effects in the southern hemisphere as seen from the radiation observations made at Aspendale (38° S, 145°E). The diffuse radiation mesurements made at Poona, however, do not show such effects to any appreciable extent. It is, therefore, concluded that the transport from the southern to the northern hemisphere of stratospheric dust is of a much smaller magnitude than the transport within the southern hemisphere itself.
Fungsi Pendukung Bukti Digital (Video dan Gambar dari Drone) dalam Upaya Penindakan Hukum Operasi Intelijen Kepolisian di Papua di Luar Peradilan Pidana
Authors: Rifai Agus , Myharto Wiend Sakti
Published: April 2022

Undang-undang hukum Indonesia, OPM, KKB dan/atau Teroris Papua bisa dikatakan sebagai organisasi yang dilarang beredar di Indonesia dikarenakan mengandung unsur makar menurut KUHP, teror terhadap aparat negara, tenaga kesehatan, fasilitas umum, fasilitas kesehatan dan kantor pemerintahan, maka kelompok tersebut sudah memenuhi pelanggaran tentang UU Terorisme.  Pemerintah secara sah melabeli kelompok ini dengan nama teroris Papua dan upaya penegakan hukum oleh Polri yang dibantu oleh TNI dalam penindakan di lapangan, dengan menggunakan Drone dan/atau Pesawat udara tanpa awak dalam operasi intelijen yakni pengumpulan, pencarian dan patrol udara untuk memperoleh petunjuk digital berupa video dan gambar sesuai dengan UU ITE mengenai alat bukti elektronik yang sah, yang diperoleh dari aparat penegak hukum yang berwenang secara sah, hal ini berkaitan dengan adanya UU nomor 2 Tahun  2002 tentang Kepolisian Negara Republik Indonesia dan asas legalitas yang menyatakan bahwa UU No. 11 Tahun 2008 tentang ITE dalam Pasal 54 ayat (1), maka untuk menggunakan data elektronik dapat dijadikan sebagai alat bukti yang sah, yang dilaksanakan dalam Operasi Intelijen di Satgas Nemangkawi Papua supaya lebih efektif dan efisien dan mengurangi jumlah aparat TNI dan Polri yang gugur di medan tugas.
Perlindungan Hukum terhadap Anak Pelaku Tindak Pidana Penyalahgunaan Narkotika yang dijatuhi Pidana Penjara (Studi Kasus Putusan Nomor 12/Pid.Sus.Anak/2017/PN Dps)
Authors: Warsifah Warsifah , Arif Zulkarnain
Published: April 2022

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian yuridis normatif sehingga yang diteliti adalah asas-asas hukum dan kaidah-kaidah hukum yang masih berlaku namun juga didukung dengan data empiris sehingga yang diteliti adalah data yang berasal dari kepustakaan dan putusan pengadilan.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) Pertimbangan hakim dalam menjatuhkan putusan pidana penjara terhadap anak pelaku tindak pidana narkotika pada Putusan Nomor 12/Pid.Sus.Anak/2017/PN.Dps yaitu hakim berpandangan bahwa anak pelaku penyalahgunaan narkotika bagi diri sendiri juga sebagai pelaku suatu tindak pidana/kejahatan maka ia juga harus tetap dihukum, oleh karena itu pertimbangan Hakim dalam menjatuhkan putusan hanyalah mempengaruhi terhadap lamanya pidana penjara, bukan merupakan alasan yang mempengaruhi jenis sanksi yang diberikan. Dimana pelakunya yang masih dalam usia anak-anak hanya digunakan sebagai hal-hal yang meringankan dalam hal lamanya pidana penjara. Berdasarkan hal tesebut maka dapat diketahui bahwa anak pelaku penyalahguna narkotika dalam kasus tersebut masih diperlakukan sebagai pelaku kriminal belaka, tanpa memandang anak sebagai korban. (2) Pemberian sanksi pidana penjara bagi anak pelaku tindak pidana penyalahgunaan narkotika menurut asas peradilan pidana anak pada Putusan Nomor 12/Pid.Sus. Anak/2017/PN.Dps dirasakan kurang tepat, sebab jenis tindak pidana narkotika termasuk dalam tindak pidana tanpa korban (crime without victim) yang berarti anak sebagai pelaku disini merupakan korban, sehingga pemberian sanksi pidana kepada anak selaku penyalahguna narkotika dapat memberikan dampak yang negatif terhadap anak di masyarakat seperti dehumanisasi dan stigmatisasi.
Pengaruh Budaya Organisasi dan Kepemimpinan terhadap Kinerja Karyawan pada PT. Indomarco Pristama Kebayoran Lama
Authors: Maduningtias Lucia , Narimawati Umi , Affandi Azhar , Priadana Sidik , Erlangga Heri
Published: April 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh kepemimpinan Dan budaya organisasi terhadap kinerja karyawan pada PT. Indomarco Prismatama Kebayoran Lama, baik secara parsial maupun secara simultan. Metode yang digunakan adalah Metode penelitian kuantitatif. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan sampel jenuh, dan  jumlah populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah 64 orang. Semua jumlah populasi dijadikan sampel sehingga jumlah sampel adalah 64 orang, hasil penelitian ini adalah Budaya organisasi berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan dengan persamaan regresi Y = 25,774 + 0,360X1. Nilai koefisien korelasi sebesar 0,315 artinya, kedua variabel memiliki tingkat hubungan yang cukup. Nilai koefisien determinasi sebesar 0,099 atau sebesar 9,9% sedangkan sisanya sebesar 90,1% dipengaruhi faktor lain. Uji hipotesis diperoleh nilai t hitung > t tabel atau (2,611> 1,998). Dengan demikian maka H0 ditolak dan H1 diterima, hal ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara budaya organisasi terhadap kinerja karyawan. Kepemimpinan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan dengan persamaan regresi Y = 10,479 + 0,885X2. Nilai koefisien korelasi sebesar 0,568 artinya, kedua variabel memiliki tingkat hubungan yang kuat. Diperoleh nilai koefisien determinasi sebesar 0,322 atau sebesar 32,2% sedangkan sisanya sebesar 67,8% dipengaruhi faktor lain. Uji hipotesis diperoleh nilai t hitung > t tabel atau (5,427> 1,998). Dengan demikian maka H0 ditolak dan H2 diterima, hal ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara Kepemimpinan terhadap kinerja karyawan.
Protective and Therapeutic Potentials of Corn Silk: A Review
Authors: Amjad Ayesha , Rizwan Bahisht , Jabeen Shaista , Bashir Shahid
Published: April 2022

Corn Silk is a beneficial herb that possesses health-promoting nutrients, including flavonoids. It has been found safe for human consumption and used to treat many diseases like urinary tract infections, asthma, hypertension, dropsy, and pathological swelling. It has also been found advantageous against oxidative stress, hyperglycemia, urinary tract infections, edema, prostate disorders, cystitis, obesity, nephrotoxicity and renal dysfunction. The phytochemical in Corn Silk possesses antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The bioactive compounds in Corn Silk that are beneficial for health include vitamins, carbohydrates, magnesium, proteins, calcium, sodium and magnesium salts, alkaloids, steroids, volatile salts, potassium, flavonoids, and many other phenolic compounds. Maysin is one of the flavonoids in Corn Silk. This review highlights the therapeutic effects of Corn Silk in healthcare.
KREATIVITAS GURU TAFSIR AMALY DALAM PENINGKATAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR SISWA DI SMA PRIMAGANDA JOMBANG
Authors: Indana Nurul , Kalsum A Umi
Published: April 2022

Teacher creativity is the ability of teachers to express and realize the potential of their thinking power, so as to produce something new and can combine something that already exists into something better or interesting. Teachers are expected to have creativity in teaching which can increase students' learning motivation. This research is a field research ( field research ) which is qualitative, the form of research is descriptive qualitative using data collection techniques, namely observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis used descriptive qualitative analysis. The results of this study show: Student learning motivation at Primaganda High School: Student learning motivation at Primaganda High School increases much better when the teacher always provides innovation and encouragement to students.amalyinterpretation teacher in increasing student motivation at Primaganda High School is: by using methods, strategies and managing the class well, the teacher also uses humor and always gives praise and assessments to students so that student increases. While the supporting and inhibiting factors, namely the supporting factors include: students from Qur'anthe,and teachers at Primaganda High School have understood the material of Amal's interpretation. Factor  Inhibitors include:  factors that come from the students themselves such as lack of concern for students on the subject, external factors such as a less conducive learning atmosphere in the classroom, less references.