bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Transmission of Viruses from Wild Animals to Humans, a Solution by Applying Syari’ah Rules and Regulations toward Animals
Authors: Islam Md Monzurul
Published: September 2022

Humans are inevitably dependent on animals for their daily life. Animals contribute significantly to the human food cycle, yet simultaneously, it causes many diseases in the human body by transmitting hazardous viruses and pathogens to humans. The recent outbreak of COVID-19 is considered the outcome of taking the meat of some animals that transmitted the virus to human bodies. Since it is impossible to avoid meat entirely because of humans’ food habits and meeting the demand for protein, a solution should be developed to save humans from getting affected by the transmitted virus and pathogens. This study mainly focuses on reducing the possibility of such an outbreak as COVID-19 due to some wild animals' consumption. Hence, this study proposes Shari’ah principles and legal maxims as a possible preventive measure. This study shows that many prohibited animals, according to Islam, are the reservoirs of viruses and pathogens. Therefore, sorting out suitable animals based on Shari’ah principles and legal maxims can save humans from getting affected by these transmitted viruses.
Intentions’ Determinants of Malaysian Muslim Travellers to Patronize Restaurants in South Korea
Authors: Jaihan Norfazila , Hashim Khairusy Syakirin Has-Yun , Ahmad Anis Najiha
Published: September 2022

Observations of Muslim travellers have shown their interest in travelling in Muslim minority countries, particularly South Korea. However, the number of Halal Certified Restaurant (HCR) is inadequate, restricting their gastronomic experience. Another alternative is restaurants that do not have Halal certification but also provide Halal food, known as Muslim Friendly Restaurant (MFR). Thus, the intention of Malaysian Muslim travellers to patronise the restaurants was investigated by applying the extended Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). Through the distribution of questionnaires, 310 data were successfully collected. However, after the data screening process, only 292 data were found to be valid for further analysis using SPSS 26 and SmartPLS 3.2.8. The three factors in TPB, namely attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioural control, were significant and positively related to the intention to patronise HCR and MFR. However, religiosity and restaurant attributes did not significantly impact the intentions.
A Rare Case of Urachal Remnant with Calculus Just Below Umbilicus
Authors: Kato Hirotaka , Kato Hirotaka , Deguchi Masaaki , Sakata Yoshifumi
Published: September 2022

Introduction: Urachal remnants, such as the vesicourachal diverticulum, or urachal cysts are rarely involved in calculus or calcification. There are currently no case reports of urachal remnants with calculus just below the umbilicus.
Case Presentation: A healthy 28-year-old man presented with umbilical drainage. Abdominal computed tomography showed inflammation just below the umbilicus with calculus. The patient was diagnosed with ombilitis with a urachal remnant and underwent laparoscopic resection for the urachal remnant after the attenuation of ombilitis. Surgical findings showed that the omentum adhered to the abdominal wall along with the urachal duct. The urachal duct with calculus was resected at the top of the bladder. The main component of calculus was silicic acid. Pathological findings were compatible with a urachal remnant and there was no evidence of a malignant tumor.
Discussion: The main component of calculus is derived from necrotic material caused by inflammation because silicic acid was detected, indicating a different etiology from that of urinary calculus.
Conclusion: We encountered a rare case of a urachal remnant with calculus below the umbilicus.
Assessment of the availability of oral drugs for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Novosibirsk pharmacies
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Medical University, Kharina I.A. , Dzhuparova I.A. ,   Novosibirsk State Medical University
Published: September 2022

Introduction. The availability of drugs for the treatment of diabetes mellitus in pharmacies requires special attention and is an important indicator of the quality of pharmaceutical care provided to patients with diabetes mellitus on an outpatient basis. Aim. To assess the availability of oral drugs for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Novosibirsk phar¬macies. Materials and methods. The objects of the study were current databases of Novosibirsk pharmacies, data from the State Register of Medicines. The retail availability and affordability of drugs for the treatment of T2DM were assessed. We used the content analysis, statistical method, and comparison method. Results. The retail availability of the majority of drugs for the treatment of T2DM was low. Among the drugs with low availability, the largest part is occupied by combinations of oral hypoglycemic drugs (31.91%). More than half the drugs were unaffordable. The least affordable medications were combinations of oral hypoglycemic drugs (35% of the amount of unaffordable medicial products) and renal glucose reabsorption inhibitors (11.67% of the total amount of unaffordable drugs). Conclusion. The results obtained, which revealed the insufficient retail availability and affordability of oral drugs for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus, may serve as a basis for further research to improve pharmaceutical care for patients with diabetes mellitus.
PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN PEMBUATAN VIDEO PEMBELAJARAN BAGI GURU MENGGUNAKAN APLIKASI CAMTASIA
Authors: German Emilius , Lestari Disa Evawani , Neolaka Grace Amialia A.
Published: September 2022

Pandemi COVID- 19 berdampak pada perubahan dalam banyak aspek termasuk pada perubahan metode pembelajaran, dari tatap muka ke pembelajaran daring. Untuk menjaga kualitas pembelajaran daring, banyak cara yang dilakukan termasuk pengajaran melalui media video. Akan tetapi tidak banyak banyak guru memiliki kemampuan membuat video.Hasil survey awal kegiatan ini menunjukkan lebih dari 50% guru tidak memiliki keahlian membuat video pembelajaran. Karena itu, PKM pelatihan pembuatan video ini bertujuan untuk membantu meningkatkan kemampuan guru dalam membuat video pembelajaran. Untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut, metode Workshop secara daring diimplementasikan. 13 guru SD sampai SMA berpartisipasi dalam workshop ini. Hasil pelatihan ini menunjukan 93% peserta mampu membuat video pembelajaran. Pelatihan ini diharapkan untuk terus dilakukan dengan lebih melibatkan banyak peserta untuk menjaga kualitas pembelajaran secara daring.Kata Kunci: Pembelajaran Daring, Metode dan Video Pembelajaran
Pendampingan Pembuatan Hand Sanitizer Berbahan Dasar Minuman Baram Dan Lidah Buaya (Aloe Vera) di SMA Muhammadiyah 1 Palangka Raya
Authors: Adawiyah Rabiatul , Nurbudiyani Iin , Utami Annisa Algani , Kurniawan Syifa Widyananda , Rini Rini , Soraya Trida
Published: September 2022

Pandemi Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19) adalah krisis kesehatan global. Bukti terkini menunjukkan bahwa penularan SARS-CoV-2 dari manusia ke manusia adalah melalui pernapasan, tetesan atau kontak langsung. Penularan dengan cara kontak dari manusia ke manusia terjadi ketika tangan yang terkontaminasi menyentuh mulut, hidung, atau mata. Virus juga dapat berpindah dari satu permukaan ke permukaan lainnya dengan cara bersentuhan tangan. Permasalahan yang di alami SMA Muhammadiyah 1 Palangka Raya sebagai mitra PKM belum mengetahui fungsi minuman Baram sebagai sediaan alkohol dan belum menciptakan produk hand sanitizer berbahan dasar minuman Baram dan lidah buaya (alue vera). Alkohol tradisional yang bersal dari minuman khas suku Dayak Kalimantan Tengah, berupa minuman Baram yang dihasilkan melalui fermentasi yang mengandung alkohol cukup tinggi.Solusi yang ditawarkan oleh tim PKM adalah Edukasi dan Pelatihan pembuatan hand sanitizer berbahan dasar minuman Baram dan lidah buaya (alue vera). Melalui kegiatan edukasi, mitra dapat mengetahui fungsi Baram sebagai alkohol tradisional. Pada kegiatan pelatihan, mitra dapat membuat hand sanitizer berbahan dasar minuman Baram dan pelatihan Teknik pemasaran hand sanitizer berbahan dasar minuman Baram.Kata kunci : Baram, Dayak, hand sanitizer
PENDAMPINGAN PENCANANGAN DESA WISATA BERBASIS LAHAN BASAH DI DESA PULAU SEWANGI KABUPATEN BARITO KUALA
Authors: Hadin Ahmad Fikri , Redhani Muhammad Erfa , Muhjad M. Hadin , Anwary Ichsan
Published: September 2022

Pendampingan Pencanangan Desa Wisata  Berbasis Lahan Basah di Desa Pulau Sewangi Kabupaten Barito Kuala ini bertujuan memberikan pemahaman dalam pencanangan desa wisata dan mengoptimalkan potensi desa wisata yang berbasis lahan basah di Desa Pulau Sewangi Kabupaten Barito Kuala. Tahapan Kegiatan ini diawali dengan Indektifikasi Masalah dan Survei Lapangan, Penyusunan Bahan Pelatihan, Pelaksanaan Penyuluhan Pengembangan Desa Wisata, Pendampingan dalam Penyusunan Peraturan Desa dan Evaluasi, Publikasi serta Penyusunan Laporan Akhir. Mitra yang terlibat dalam pengabdian ini adalah kepala desa, aparatur desa, BPD dan masyarakat desa sehingga dengan program ini mitra dapat memahami dalam pembentukan desa wisata serta terlaksananya pencangan desa wisata guna meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat. Kegiatan ini  mampu meningkatnya kesadaran masyarakat dalam menggali dan membangun potensi desa dalam bidang pariwisata khususnya pariwisata di lahan basah.Kata Kunci : Desa Wisata, Lahan Basah, Pulau Sewangi
Pengaruh Kompleksitas terhadap Intensitas Komunikasi dalam Keberdayaan Petani Integerasi Sapi – Kelapa Sawit di Desa Sangkir Indah Kabupaten Rokan Hulu
Authors: Hidayat Tommi , Haryadi F. Trishakti , Raya Alia Bihrajihant
Published: September 2022

Dalam pembahasan mengenai keberdayaan masyarakat tentu peran komunikasi menjadi poin penting sebagai salah satu faktor penentu. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah apakah kompleksitas integrasi berpengaruh pada intensitas komunikasi integrasi sapi – kelapa sawit. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah wawancara dengan menggunakan kuesioner, survey dan dokumentasi. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Juni 2020. Data primer yang dikumpulkan meliputi kompleksitas integrasi dan intensitas komunikasi. Analisis data menggunakan statistik deskriptif dan kualitatif. Untuk mengetahui apakah kompleksitas integrasi berpengaruh pada intensitas komunikasi integrasi sapi – kelapa sawit menggunakan Partial Least Square. Hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa kompleksitas memiliki pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap intensitas komunikasi. Artinya semakin mudah integrasi sapi – kelapa sawit maka semakin tinggi intensitas komunikasi petani.
Stereotip Perempuan pada Iklan Kecap ABC Versi Tiada Kecap Seenak Kecap ABC
Authors: Azrab Ibnu Alif , Saputra Muhammad Firdaus , Putri Nurullia Annisa
Published: September 2022

Iklan merupakan salah satu sarana untuk mempromosikan sebuah brand ataupun produk. Saat ini banyak iklan bertebaran, termasuk cara mempromosikannya. Setiap brand saling bersaing di era digital saat ini berguna menarik masyarakat untuk membeli produknya. Termasuk produk bumbu dapur, para produsen selalu mencoba membuat iklan terbaik mereka dengan konsep yang terbaru. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menganalisis iklan Kecap ABC “Tiada Kecap Seenak ABC” yang memunculkan stereotip bahwa pekerjaan dapur hanya seorang ibu yang bisa melakukannya. Analisis yang dilakukan yaitu dengan cara semiotika yang terdapat pada iklan tersebut. Pada iklan ini memperlihatkan bahwa dengan tangan ibu pekerjaan dapur akan lebih baik. Ini berarti bahwa perempuan dimitoskan lebih layak berada di ranah domestik.
Експериментальна перевірка системи розвитку особистісно-професійної зрілості майбутніх учителів в освітньому середовищі педагогічного університету
Authors: Галузяк Василь
Published: September 2022

The article presents the results of an experimental verification of the author's system of developing of the personal and professional maturity of prospective teachers in the educational environment of the pedagogical university. Personal and professional maturity is considered as a complex integral personal formation that determines the teacher's ability to self-regulate behavior and professional activity on the basis of subjective qualities and the prevailing personal and professional position. Based on the selected criteria and diagnostic methods, the dynamics of the development of personal and professional maturity of students in the experimental and control groups was determined and analyzed. It was established that at the final stage of the pedagogical experiment in the experimental group, in contrast to the control group, the number of future teachers with a subjective level of personal and professional maturity increased at a statistically significant level. The greatest growth occurred in terms of cognitive, functional and value-motivational criteria. Less pronounced is the dynamics according to the personal-dispositional criterion, which is characterized by inertia and reflects the development of such professionally important personal qualities of future teachers as subjectivity, reflexivity, tolerance, empathy, and internality. The results of the formative experiment generally confirmed the effectiveness of the system of developing the personal and professional maturity of prospective teachers in the educational environment of the pedagogical university. The proposed system activates the personal and professional development of students and provides a more pronounced positive dynamics in the development of their personal and professional maturity than the traditional practice of professional training. The applied pedagogical technologies, methods, techniques and educational materials have confirmed their effectiveness in the development of professionally important personal qualities of students, the formation of their professional position, identity, motivational and value sphere, dialectical professional thinking, the ability to self-organize and self-improve. Ultimately, this manifested itself in the positive dynamics of the general levels of personal and professional maturity of prospective teachers.
English Language Classroom: A Factor Obstructing Communicative Collaboration among L2 Teachers and Students
Authors: Akbar Humaira , Asif Muhammad , Ahmad Saeed
Published: September 2022

The key objective of the study was to 'determine the views of ESL students regarding English language classroom environment in obstructing communicative collaboration and to assess the impact of English language classroom environment in obstructing communicative collaboration among ESL students. To realize the prior drive this research uses the mixed method approach and for the proper execution of this work the researcher collected data through a questionnaire. Research data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). A major portion of the students agreed that the existing classroom environment of BS English is absolutely unfavorable for the best communicative interaction as it produces negative impacts on learning. This undesirable situation can be altered altogether by extending the role of the English language teacher as in most of the Outer Circle countries like Pakistan teacher is considered the custodian of the class and the most authoritative figure in the ESL classroom.
A Structuralist Study of Guy de Maupassant's The Necklace
Authors: Rahman Abdur , Shah Naeema , Khatoon Asia
Published: September 2022

Structuralism was a reactionary approach that concentrated on signs, structure, language,synchrony, and a unique technique while challenging the independent subject. The works of Gestalt,Saussure, Strauss, Barthes, Marx, and Freud all reflected the concepts of structuralism, but The Necklace by Maupssant is the first book to do so. The scholars used structuralist ideas advanced by Dosse,Sanders, Sturrock, etc. to study one of Maupssant's masterpieces within the framework of structuralism.The current study assessed the existence of structuralism's principles The Necklace's in a hitherto-unstudied location. The aim of this research is to look into the principles of structuralism, The "words and phrases" of Maupssant's story were examined in the context of structuralism, the results of this qualitative investigation were examined using textual analysis.Binary oppositions of poverty and wealth, Id (irrational desire), Superego (sensibility), and syn-chronic and diachronic system in showing Matilda's life of a young beautiful and intuitive lady at one stage and his family background and character's comparison of Matildaand Forestier, components of the narrative's structure.
Insanity as a Legal Defense with Special Reference to the Law in Pakistan
Authors: Farid Naghma , Khan Muhammad Siraj , Gul Noman
Published: September 2022

Much Crime is the combination of two elements namely the ‘actusreas’ and ‘mensrea’ is considered to have been committed when both these elements exist and are proven against the accused. Of these elements, ‘mensrea’ is the guilty state of mind with which a crime is committed. Hence, the law, under circumstances the mental capacity of a person is impaired due to some disease, allows legal defences for persons suffering from such mental conditions. Pakistan Penal Code, 1860 provides for a general defence of insanity to a person who, due to unsoundness of mind, cannot understand what he is doing or differentiate between right
The Role of the Supreme Court of Pakistan & Constitutional Parameters of Judicial Activism
Authors: Shah Azmat Ali , Khan Muhammad Siraj , Farid Naghma
Published: September 2022

Article 184(3) has been utilized in the cases of judicial activism. Since the 1980s it has been utilized quite enormously. Constitution has demarcated the powers of each organ, for better democracy a strong judiciary is imminent. Since the Lawyer movement things have drastically changed. The Chief justice's role is quite peculiar in the federal judiciary of Pakistan. Iftikar Muhammad Chaudhry and Justice Mian Saqib Nisar played a great role in the implementation of article 184(3) of the constitution. A number of important cases have been decided. It has enhanced the people's confidence in the Supreme Court of Pakistan while in the Post Saqib Nisar scenario; almost all of the chief justices adopted the policy of judicial restraint.
An Empirical Analysis of the Role of Media in Government Accountability in Pakistan
Authors: Ullah Ahsan , Shah Azmat Ali
Published: September 2022

This article is aimed to empirically investigate the role of media on governmental accountability in Pakistan. The article employs positivism and quantitative methodology. A survey approach has been adopted to collect primary data from relevant stakeholders in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. This article intends to find the media's role in fostering government accountability. Furthermore, the mediating role of political parties was also checked through mediation analysis. Primary data analysis reveals that there is a considerable association between media and government accountability. This article concluded that the media revolution has a significant effect on governmental accountability.
Ethnic Conflict, Politics and Pakistan's Security Dilemma: What Went Wrong
Authors: Akhtar Nasreen , Jan Inamullah
Published: September 2022

The ethnic political card has been influential in Pakistan’s political history. Political and military leadership, in the past, have been dealing with political issues on the basis of ethnicity-for political objectives.Pakistan’s four provinces have their own ethnic identity; they promote regionalism instead of nationalism.Balochistan, the most troubling area, is experiencing unrest due to constant insurgency based on ethnicity.Pashtun Tahafuz Movement (PTM), a new ethnic group, has taken root since 2018. PTM has been posing a new challenge to the state and security establishment. This paper examines the adverse impact of ethnic conflict and politics on national politics and security in the country. The new movement under PTM in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa(KPK) and one of the national political parties in Sindh have posed a grave challenge to the state and its security establishment. The central question of this paper is; why does ethnic conflict pose a security threat? And what are the new trends in ethnic politics?
The Age of Surveillance Capitalism and its Impacts on Civil-Military Relations in Pakistan
Authors: Khan Amna Munawar , Sakeena  , Asif Mariam
Published: September 2022

The study is intended to describe the newly emerging wave of cyber security threats under the conception of Surveillance Capitalism, which was initially defined by a Harvard university professor, ShoshanaZuboff. The idea of Zuboff emphasizes the use of various formats of data collected from different android software applications that can help regulate the political, social, and economic orientations of the targeted nations. The relevance of Surveillance Capitalism in the nuclearized subcontinent portrays a different picture of the South Asian strategic environment in which New Delhi and Islamabad are the archival nations. The Indian offensive policies obsessed with AntiPakistani behavior have launched a massive campaign on the mainstream social media platforms generally, and Twitter particularly. The use of countless fake social media accounts containing inaccurately maintained material for propagating purposes has become a major offensive tool of New Delhiagainst Islamabad. The Indian strategic community, preoccupied with the critical elements of internal Pakistan issues, is trying to mislead social media users by spreading manipulating facts about the critical nature of civil-military relations in Pakistan. Therefore, the paper's central theme revolves around the strategic dimension of Zuboff’s concept of Surveillance Capitalism and its application to the decades-long Pakistan-India rivalry under the shadows of social media accounts generally and Twitter particularly.
MAIN ASPECTS IN FOSTERING PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCE OF FUTURE MEDICAL DOCTORS DURING THE COURSE OF OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY
Authors: Bezega M.I. , Bezshapochny S.B. , Zachepylo S.V.
Published: September 2022

Today, the ambitious goals to achieve excellence in professional training of future healthcare professionals in accordance with European high standards are among the priorities of higher medical education in Ukraine. The issues on fostering professional competence of students of higher medical educational institutions are in the focus of attention of many disciplines, and otorhinolaryngology, a compulsory educational component, is one of them. Over the course of the academic discipline "Otorhinolaryngology", future medical doctors acquire general and professional competencies required for their successful practice. The aim of the article was to highlight the main aspects of the formation of professional competencies of future medical doctors during the course of Otorhinolaryngology. To implement the competency approach at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology with Ophthalmology of Poltava State Medical University, an educational and methodological complex has been prepared, and the newest technologies for the presentation of material and mastering skills are being constantly introduced. The department regularly updates material and technical base. These preconditions stimulate cognitive and professional motivation of students, encourage them to intensify educational activities, and contribute to improving the effectiveness of learning, and develop independence and responsibility that ultimately ensures the formation of professional competence of the future doctor. Thus, the course of the discipline "Otorhinolaryngology" is designed and delivered to train highly qualified and competitive healthcare specialists to provide their own professional activity with high quality and productivity.
MORPHOFUNCTIONAL AND CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF THE INTERSTITIAL CELLS OF CAJAL IN THE URINARY BLADDER (REVIEW ARTICLE)
Authors: Sherstyuk O.O. , Sarychev Ya.V. , Suprunenko S.M. , Sukhomlin S.A. , Pustovoit G.L.
Published: September 2022

The therapy of symptoms of the lower urinary tract that in most cases are caused by benign prostatic hyperplasia is one of challenges for modern medicine. Knowing the origin of bladder muscle hyperactivity will promote the treatment in this group of patients. The studies of interstitial cells of Cajal in the urinary bladder open up new opportunities to widen our understanding of bladder physiology. The purpose of this study is to conduct an analytical review of the literature on the role of interstitial cells of Cajal in the physiology of the urinary bladder. We investigated the current literature highlighting the morphological and physiological significance of interstitial cells of Cajal in the urinary bladder. Interstitial cells of Cajal are in close proximity to muscle cells, vegetative nerve endings and urothelial cells. There is increasing evidence that interstitial cells of Cajal play a role in the development of lower urinary tract symptoms. Interstitial cells of Cajal may be responsible for generating electrical potentials and inducing detrusor muscle contractions. New pathomechanisms of the development of bladder hyperactivity were put forward, namely: impairment of spontaneous contractility caused by altered signal transduction of interstitial Cajal cells between nerves and detrusor muscle cells; change in signal transmission through suburothelial interstitial cells of Cajal. The c–kit receptor is not only a marker for identifying these cells, but may also play a critical role in controlling bladder function. Interstitial cells of Cajal, discovered more than 100 years ago, are still remaining a poorly studied object. Having long processes, interstitial cells of Cajal form multiple contacts with smooth muscle and nerve cells, building up a specific network. Current knowledge about interstitial cells of Cajal in the urinary bladder suggest that these cells and c–kit receptors may become a new “target” for the pharmaceutical therapy of lower urinary tract symptoms and overactive bladder.
EVALUATION OF THE EFFICIENCY OF REHABILITATION MATHODTS FOR CHILDREN WITH DISABILITIES AND LOCOMOTOR DISORDERS (REVIEW ARTICLE)
Authors: Shkolnуk M.B. , Mykhalchuk V.M.
Published: September 2022

This review article aims at analyzing the modern medical literature on evaluating the effectiveness of current methods of rehabilitation care for children with disabilities and locomotor disabilities. According to the latest reports, in the structure and causes of children disability for 2011-2015, diseases of the nervous system (17.0% -18.9%) rank the second position. Cerebral palsy is a serious disease leading to disability. Current social and economic situation in Ukraine necessitates the strengthening of social protection of children with disabilities, the definition of priority areas in this field of care, and put the early social rehabilitation of children with disabilities among the social and medical priorities. Along with impacted psychophysical development, children can experience social maladaptation, lack of social contacts, low sociometric status that negatively impacts their mental development, the emotional and volitional spheres. Therefore, it is important to introduce wide-scale socio-psychological rehabilitation among this category of children in order to restore lost socio-psychic functions. The main goal of rehabilitation care is to improve the quality of life of patients and to promote their maximum social adaptation. For further development and improvement of the rehabilitation system, various scientific studies are being carried out. One of the important directions in this domain is the evaluation of the effectiveness of rehabilitation measures. The study of methods for evaluating complex rehabilitation programs is a promising direction for the implementation of approaches in organizing an in-depth investigation of this problem. The evaluation of the effectiveness of socio-psychological, psychological-pedagogical, physical rehabilitation care for children with disabilities, cerebral palsy and other central nervous system disorders and locomotive disorders should be carried out by multidisciplinary teams. Despite the significant number of existing methods for assessing the effectiveness of rehabilitation care, there are currently no highly effective and specific methods, and the main disadvantages of existing methods, according to the studied literature sources, are low specificity and laboriousness. Summarizing all of the above, it is important to evaluate the results of literature data in order to identify trends associated with modern methods for assessing rehabilitation measures for children with disabilities.
ASSESSMENT OF THE INTENSITY OF INFLAMMATORY CHANGES IN THE SYNOVIUM OF PATIENTS WITH KNEE JOINT OSTEOARTHRITIS BY APPLYING SHEAR WAVE ELASTOMETRY
Authors: Zhdan V.M. , Lebed V.G. , Ivanitsky I.V. , Ischeikina Yu.A. , Boryak K.R.
Published: September 2022

Osteoarthritis is the commonest joint disease worldwide; in a relatively short period of time, it can result in permanent loss of working capacity and even to disability. Changes in the joint structure of patients with osteoarthritis (OA) may depend on the basic therapy they receive, and the control of osteoarthritis. The purpose of this work is to prove the value of elastometry in assessing the severity of synovitis in the knee joints of patients with osteoarthritis, depending on the basic therapy they receive and the control of osteoarthritis. The initial level of stiffness of the synovial membrane in all groups demonstrated no significant differences and was 8.59±0.97 kPa for the first group, 9.97±1.15 kPa for the second group, and 9.11±0.69 kPa for the third group. Correlation analysis at the time of inclusion in the study showed a close relationship in all groups of patients between the stiffness indicators of the synovial membrane in the knee joint, the level of C-reactive protein (r= 0.71, p=0.011) and the level of ESR (r= 0.69, p =0.018, which remained even after 6-month therapy (r= 0.73, p=0.045) and (r=0.69, p=0.021), respectively. Correlation analysis between the level of stiffness and stiffness indicators of the synovial membrane in the knee joint ( r=0.71, p=0.015), the severity of pain in the knee joint according to the Visual Analogue Scale, and the stiffness indicators of the synovial membrane of the knee joint (r= 0.63, p=0.012) at the moment of the inclusion in the study indicates a correlation between stiffness in the synovial membrane and clinical manifestations, which persisted even after 6-month therapy (r= 0.41, p= 0.022) and (r= 0.51, p=0.014), respectively. The results obtained prove the effectiveness of using stiffness assessment of the synovial membrane in the knee joints (elastometry indicators) to evaluate the effectiveness of the basic therapy of patients with osteoarthritis.
OPEN SURGICAL TREATMENT OF BILATERAL CORALLOID AND MULTIPLE NEPHROLITHIASIS COMPLICATED WITH CHRONIC RENAL FAILURE
Authors: Talibov Talib Ataly oglu
Published: September 2022

This articles describes the improved preoperative techniques for preparing to the surgical operations for bilateral coralloid and multiple nephrolithiasis complicated with chronic renal failure and discusses the treatment outcomes. Materials and methods. During 2000-2020, at the Department of Urology of the Azerbaijan Medical University, more than 3,000 open surgical operations were performed on for kidney and ureter stones. 974 (32.47±0.85%) paitents had the operations for coralloid and multiple nephrolithiasis; 700 (23.33±0.77%) of them were found to have unilateral and 274 (9.13±0.53%) had bilateral coral stones. Results. The results of open surgical operations of 274 patients operated on for bilateral coralloid and multiple nephrolithiasis in the 2000-2020 period were analyzed. 190 (69.3±2.8%) of them, 105 men and 85 women, had renal insufficiency, 162 (59.1±3.0%) patients (82 men, 80 women) had the diagnosis of chronic renal failure, and 28 (10.2±1.8%) patients (19 men, 9 women) had acute chronic renal failure. The implementation of the preoperative preparation techniques, taking into account the stage of chronic renal failure, was presented. Out of 274 operated patients, the intervention was performed in 47 (17.2±2.3%) with nephrostomy (24 right, 23 left), in 28 (10.2±1.8%) with pyelostomy (16 right, 12 left), in 110 (40.1±3.0%) with intrarenal stenting (60 right, 50 left), in 6 (2.2±0.9%) with nephrostomy and intrarenal stenting (2 on the right, 4 on the left). Along with this, 56 (20.4±2.4%) patients had clamping of the renal artery from one side or another. After surgery, 48 (17.5±2.3%) patients experienced the exacerbation of chronic pyelonephritis. In patients with diabetes, the exacerbation of chronic pyelonephritis had a more severe course. 26 (9.5±1.8%) patients experienced the exacerbation of chronic renal failure, of them, 6 (2.2±0.9%) had a creatinine level exceeding 500 mmol/l, that was the reason for haemodialysis. Anaemia was observed in 49 (17.9±2.3%) patients with chronic pyelonephritis and chronic renal failure in the postoperative period. In patients with anaemia, the haemoglobin level was 50-85 g/l (average 71.9 ± 0.4 g/l). 11 (4.0±1.2%) of them received blood transfusions in the postoperative period. In 5 (1.8±0.8%) cases, transfusion was performed during haemodialysis. In general, 270 patients out of 274 with bilateral coralloid and multiple nephrolithiasis had open surgical treatment completed successfully, and 4 (1.5±0.7%) had fatal outcomes. In 254 (92.7±1.6%) cases, an organ-preserving operation was performed on, and in 20 (7.3±1.6%) cases, surgical resections were carried out. The study has shown the preoperative preparation and the choice of the correct surgical tactics during the operation considerably contributes to successful treatment outcomes among the patients with severe chronic renal failure.
X-RAY CHARACTERISTICS OF THE KNEE JOINTS IN PATIENTS WITH MONOGONATHROSIS
Authors: Khanyk T.Ya.
Published: September 2022

Introduction. The feasibility of X-ray examination in the diagnosis of gonarthrosis in the knee joint has been increasingly questioned in recent years due to the impossibility of visualizing soft tissue elements; instead, magnetic resonance imaging as a priority method of radiation diagnostics is considered as more appropriate. The goal of this study is to investigate the structural and functional state of the knee joints of patients with monogonarthrosis by comparing the findings obtained by standard X-ray and magnetic resonance imaging. Material and methods. Materials included clinical and radiological examination protocols of 125 patients (54 (43.2%) men and 71 (57.8%) women), aged from 18 - 79 years with monogonarthrosis. Research methods included the clinical assessment of orthopaedic status; X-ray diagnostics: X-ray examination of knee joints with the evaluation of qualitative and quantitative parameters of bone elements; magnetic resonance imaging with a study of the frequency of changes in soft tissues; biochemical investigation of blood serum with determining the C-reactive protein content, which was used as a serological marker of inflammation, and synovial fluid to assess the content of rheumatoid factor; obtained findings were processed statistically. Results and discussion. According to the results of the comprehensive examination, group A with primary monogonarthrosis (118; 94.4%) and group B with gray-positive unspecified rheumatoid monoarthritis (7; 5.6%) were identified. Group A was divided into 2 subgroups: seronegative A1 (71; 56.8%) with normal CRP content and seropositive A2 (47; 37.6%) with CRP > 5 mg/l. Qualitative and quantitative X-ray signs of knee joints in the patients with monogonarthrosis grade 1-2 according to the Kellgren-Lawrence classification revealed asymmetry of the width of the condyles of the femur (81.6%) and tibia (86.4%), asymmetry of the joint space (89.6%) and discordance of joint surfaces (88.8%). MRI scans of the affected knee joint demonstrated a high frequency of synovitis (98.4%), hypertrophy of Hoff fat bodies (92.0%), degenerative lesions of the medial (22.4%) and both (65.6%) menisci, chondromalacia of the patella ( 68.8%), osteophytes (64%), and incomplete rupture of the anterior cruciate ligament (64.8%). In subgroups A1 and A2, the X-ray anatomical structure of the knee joints was almost identical without statistical difference in any of the studied parameters. Conclusion. Standard radiography of the knee joint in patients with monogonarthrosis enables to assess the anatomobiomechanical characteristics of the bone elements of the knee joint. According to the MRI results, it is possible to assess the state of the soft tissue components in the knee joint. These imaging techniques complement each other and, to some extent, help to predict the further course of the disease.
COMPARATIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF ANTIULCER ACTIVITY OF PLACENTAL CRYOEXTRACT UNDER DIFFERENT MODES OF APPLICATION IN THE EXPERIMENT
Authors: Koshurba I.V. , Hladkykh F.V. , Chyzh M.O.
Published: September 2022

Peptic ulcer disease is one of the most common diseases of the gastrointestinal tract worldwide. Among the causes of disability in the adult population, diseases of the digestive tract occupy the 5th place, and about 20.0–30.0% of them is peptic ulcer disease, which leads to permanent disability in more than 50.0% of patients. According to scientific reports, the prevalence of this pathology is due to its polyetiology, which leads to clinical heterogeneity and recurrent course. The aim of this study is to conduct a comparative assessment of the antiulcer effect of placental cryoextract in prophylactic, therapeutic and therapeutic-prophylactic regimens in models of ethanol-prednisolone gastric lesions. The study was performed on 84 nonlinear laboratory male rats weighing 200–220 g. To simulate damage to the gastric mucosa, rats were administered a single ethanol-prednisolone mixture: prednisolone (20 mg/kg) dissolved in 80.0% ethyl alcohol (0.6 ml / 100 g of animal body weight). The rats were killed in 24 h after the administration of ethanol-prednisolone mixture. The drug "Cryocell-cryoextract of the placenta" was used in three modes: for prophylactic purpose – once a day for 5 days before the ethanol-prednisolone administration; for therapeutic purpose – once in 60 min after the administration of ethanol-prednisolone mixture; for the therapeutic and prophylactic purposes – once in 3 days before the administration of ethanol-prednisolone mixture and 60 min following the administration of ethanol-prednisolone mixture. The effect of the studied drug on the condition of the gastric mucosa was assessed macroscopically by L. V. Yakovleva scale. Macroscopic evaluation of the gastric mucosa showed that after 24 h following the administration of the ethanol-prednisolone mixture, the severity of damage averaged 3.7±0.37 points out of the five maximal points, and the ulcer index was 3.9 SU, respectively. The prophylactic five-day administration of esomeprazole resulted in an antiulcer activity in 45.9% of cases that was 1.8 times lower than that of the cryoextract rats. Erosive-ulcerative lesions of the gastric mucosa under the therapeutic-and-prophylactic modes of placental cryoextract were observed in only 28.6% of rats that corresponded to the value of the ulcer index equalled 0.3 units, and antiulcer activity was 92.3%. Under this regimen, the antiulcer activity of the cryoextract was practically comparable to the efficacy of esomeprazole (97.4%). Conclusion. The administration of cryoextracted placenta for the therapeutic purpose (once after ethanol-prednisolone mixture) is accompanied by the lowest antiulcer activity that was 22.2% and in 4.1 times lower than the effectiveness of esomeprazole. Therapeutic and prophylactic application of cryoextracted placenta led to a statistically significant (p<0.05) attenuation of the damaging effects of ethanol-predniolone mixture, and antiulcer activity was 92.3%, respectively.
Anima, Spiritus, Mens in Sepulchral Inscriptions from the Carmina Latina Epigraphica. Philological Approximations
Authors: Gacia Tadeusz
Published: September 2022

The subject of this study is the meaning of the words anima, spiritus and mens in the metrical sepulchral inscriptions in the Carmina Latina Epigraphica collection published at the end of the 19th century by Franz Buecheler. This collection comprises almost 1,900 texts, of which around 1,400 are funerary and, particularly, sepulchral inscriptions. This article consists of three sections. The first contains general comments on Roman sepulchral inscriptions. The second, and most important part uses a conventional philological method to analyze the words in the source texts that denote the immaterial aspect of the human being that continues after death. The analysis of the texts reveals that the word anima occurs about 80 times, spiritus – 20, and mens only three times. These three words stand for what is usually expressed by the word “soul,” that is, the spiritual, immaterial aspect of the human being. Conclusions are presented gradually as the analytical compilation proceeds. Firstly, there is no semantic difference between anima and spiritus; although the word animus which is close to the three words discussed in this paper does not occur in this sense in the inscriptions. Secondly, both pagan and Christian inscriptions emphasize the dichotomy between anima or spiritus and corpus or caro (alternatively membra); some Christian inscriptions, pointing to this dichotomy, express belief in the resurrection. Thirdly, despite the difference in beliefs, Roman worshipers and Christians used very similar patterns of statements about the posthumous fate of the soul, for example, astra tenent animam, astra fovent animam, anima migravit ad astra or spiritus astra tenet, spiritus petit ad astra, mens caeli perget ad astra, which means that the Christian funerary language did not develop its distinct terminology for several centuries. The third section is a very brief summary of the study carried out.
God as Guardian and Enemy of the Human Soul/Life. The Cultural and Theological Code of the nepeš in 1 Sam 25:29
Authors: Dziadosz Dariusz Antoni , Wojnicki Arkadiusz
Published: September 2022

The cycles of traditions about Saul’s rise to power and reign (1 Sam 7:2–12:25; 13:1–15:31) and David’s ascension to the throne (1 Sam 16:1 – 2 Sam 5:5) portray human life as constantly under threat while simultaneously remaining in all circumstances in the hands of YHWH and dependent on His will. In order to understand the Deuteronomist’s perspective on the life/soul of a human being, one has to explore the meaning of the Hebrew term nepeš in the source material he edited. This publication, using the historical-critical method, analyses the meaning of the concept of nepeš in 1 Sam 25:29 to show on this basis: (1) literary, editorial and historical-cultural background of this verse in the context of the whole cycle of tradition: 1 Sam 16:1 – 2 Sam 5:5; (2) exegetical analysis of nepeš and other key terms used in 1 Sam 25:29; (3) theological ideas present in the Hebrew text and their implications for the biblical concept of the human soul. This is because Abigail’s blessing shows the image of God characteristic of historical books of the Old Testament, as well as sheds light on the character of David and his role in the inauguration of monarchical power in Israel. Furthermore, it allows new aspects of the semantic field of the term nepeš to be discovered.
Piotr Jaworski, Księga Jonasza. Wstęp, przekład, miejsca paralelne, komentarz i ekskursy (Biblia Lubelska; Lublin: Wydawnictwo KUL 2022)
Authors: Pikor Wojciech
Published: September 2022

Recenzja książki: Piotr Jaworski, Księga Jonasza . Wstęp, przekład, miejsca paralelne, komentarz i ekskursy (Biblia Lubelska; Lublin: Wydawnictwo KUL 2022). Ss. 77. ISBN: 978-83-8288-041-0
JALUR PEDESTRIAN SEBAGAI UNSUR FISIK PEMBENTUK KARAKTER VISUAL KORIDOR JALAN DIPONEGORO SALATIGA
Authors: Joenso Reivandy Christal , Purwanto Edi , Wijayanti Wijayanti
Published: September 2022

Abstract: Diponegoro Street is one of the main roads in Salatiga City which has a pedestrian lane with its own characteristics and can be a different identity from other roads. This characteristic can be seen in the presence of vegetation in the form of a row of large trees on the pedestrian path so that it can visually give character to the corridor of Jalan Diponegoro. In addition, the pedestrian revitalization carried out by the Salatiga City Government on Jalan Diponegoro looks quite interesting because visually it can provide perceptions that can influence the visual character of Jalan Diponegoro.. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of pedestrian ways elements on the visual character of the corridor. The method used is an exploratory descriptive approach where the researcher acts as the main instrument in exploring and analyzing field data. The results showed that the pedestrian ways had a strong effect on the visual character formation of the corridor of Jalan Diponegoro Salatiga as a Dutch Colonial heritage area. The elements of pedestrian paths that have a strong influence are the elements of sidewalks, lighting, trash cans, seating, and vegetation. The existence of strong dominance in these elements is strengthened by the continuity of the Jalan Diponegoro Salatiga corridor so that it has a strong influence on the visual character of the corridor.Abstrak: Jalan Diponegoro merupakan salah satu jalan utama di Kota Salatiga yang memiliki jalur pedestrian dengan ciri khas tersendiri dan dapat menjadi identitas yang membedakannya dengan jalan lainnya. Ciri khas tersebut dapat dilihat dengan keberadaan vegetasi berupa deretan pohon besar di jalur pedestrian sehingga secara visual dapat memberikan karakter pada koridor Jalan Diponegoro. Selain itu, adanya revitalisasi jalur pejalan kaki yang dilakukan oleh Pemerintah Kota Salatiga di Jalan Diponegoro terlihat cukup menarik karena secara visual dapat memberikan persepsi yang dapat mempengaruhi karakter visual Jalan Diponegoro. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh elemen-elemen alur pejalan kaki terhadap karakter visual koridor. Metode yang digunakan adalah pendekatan deskriptif eksploratif dimana peneliti berperan sebagai instrumen utama dalam menggali dan menganalisis data lapangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jalur pejalan kaki berpengaruh kuat terhadap pembentukan karakter visual koridor Jalan Diponegoro Salatiga sebagai kawasan peninggalan Kolonial Belanda. Elemen jalur pejalan kaki yang memiliki pengaruh kuat adalah elemen trotoar, lampu penerangan, tempat sampah, tempat duduk, dan vegetasi. Adanya dominasi yang kuat pada elemen-elemen tersebut diperkuat dengan adanya kontinuitas pada koridor Jalan Diponegoro Salatiga sehingga memberikan pengaruh yang kuat terhadap karakter visual koridor.