bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
BIOPRODUCTION OF γ-POLY(GLUTAMIC ACID) USING FEATHER HYDROLYSATE AS A FERMENTATION SUBSTRATE
Authors: ALTUN Müslüm
Published: March 2019

Polyglutamic acid (PGA) is water-soluble and biodegradable polymer with
high production cost. For feasible PGA production, feather hydrolysate (FH) was
used as fermentation substrate. 30L fermentation of native feather was realized
to obtain keratinase enzyme using Streptomyces
pactum DSM 40530. Fermentation broth was concentrated by cross-flow
filtration where the enzyme activity increased by 8.75-fold and 8×103UL-1d-1
of enzyme activity was the optimum for achieving 75% degradation per gram of
feather. 40g/L of FH was used with different media compositions to produce PGA
using Bacillus licheniformis 9945a.
Among four different cultivation where L-glutamate, tri-sodium citrate and
glycerol were used as the constituents of Medium E, highest yields of γ-PGA and
cell dry matter (CDM) were obtained from cultivation-1, at 5.4±0.4 and
8.6±0.5g/L, respectively, despite the culture media did not contain glutamic
acid. In cultivation-2, which was not only missing glutamate but also citrate,
the γ-PGA and CDM yielded 3.2±0.2 and 7.8±0.4g/L, respectively whereas it was
only 1.9±0.2 and 4.2+0.4g/L when FH was used as the sole substrate in
cultivation-3. When cultivation-4 was adopted where only glycerol was missing,
the γ-PGA and CDM yields slightly increased to 2.3±0.2 and 5.5±0.3g/L,
respectively. This is the first study that achieved the production of γ-PGA
from FH.
A Comparative Study on Effectiveness of Using Horasan Mortar as a Pure Friction Sliding Interface Material
Authors: Kasimzade A. A. , Dushimimana A. , Tuhta S. , Atmaca G. , Günday F. , Abrar O.
Published: March 2019

In this study, the possibility to use Horasan mortar as a sliding interface material for pure friction aseismic isolation system is investigated. Both experimental and numerical studies are conducted to examine the effectiveness of using this material in structural isolation systems of buildings with no overturning moment, as it has shown some attractive experiences in time based on the existing related literature. Responses of four storey lightweight building are numerically investigated by finite element modelling in MATLAB; whereas the University Consortium on Instructional Shake Table (UCIST) is used to study the responses of the same building during experimental works. Comparison of both studies is shown to be in a good agreement in terms of resulting structural response accelerations, velocity and displacements. Approximately 28 - 31 % reduction of base floor acceleration is achieved; and the maximum sliding velocity and displacement are found to lie between 0.33-0.45 m/sec and 0.0353-0.0559 m respectively; which fall within the recommended standards’ limits. As a result, these findings demonstrate the effectiveness of using Horasan mortar as friction interface material which has additionally gained experience in more than ten centuries.
Librarians Learning from the Retail Sector: Reaching Out to Online Learners Using Customer Relationship Management
Authors: Lillard Linda L. , Al-Suqri Mohammed Nasser
Published: March 2019

This article draws on existing literature to examine the case for libraries to adopt Customer Relationship Management (CRM), in order to remain competitive and to meet the needs of users, especially the growing numbers of online learners. It identifies the main challenges being faced by libraries as the information-seeking environment evolves, examines the potential role of CRM in addressing these challenges, and explores the barriers as well as the opportunities that must be addressed by libraries to help ensure the success of CRM initiatives.
Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder as Predictor for Social Adjustment amongStudents with Learning Disabilities in the Cycle One Schools in the Sultanate of Oman
Authors: Al-mamri Afaf , El Shourbagi Sahar
Published: March 2019

This study aimed to investigate the level of attention deficiency-hyperactivity & social adjustment among students with learning disabilities in the cycle one schools in South Batinah region as well as to verify the possibility of predicting social adjustment by knowing the level of attention deficiency & hyperactivity among these students. The sample of the study consisted of 200 students in grades 2, 3 & 4 who were listed to have learning disabilities. |A scale for social adjustment was used that included 30 tasks in addition to Corner’s scale of teachers’ assessment that included 28 tasks. To analyze the responses of the sample members and to treat them statistically, the exploratory factor analysis was used to verify the validity of the Conners' Rating Scales. Internal consistency was calculated, as was the Pearson correlation coefficient to verify the validity and consistency of the two measures.  A single group test was used to determine the level of attention deficiency, hyperactivity, and social adjustment in the study sample.The main results showed that: the subjects had a lower than average level of attention deficit, a lower than average level of hyperactivity, and an average level of social adjustment. The results also showed that the variables of hyperactivity and poor attention predict negatively with statistically significant correlation with social adjustment.
The role of the governance of social welfare institutions in reducing abuse from the point of view of the abused: A study applied to vulnerable women in the governorate of Riyadh Region, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alzamil Al-jawharah Abdulaziz
Published: March 2019

This study aimed at examining the availability of the dimensions of governance within social care institutions to reduce the level of abuse in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.  The survey method was used with random sampling and the sample was composed of (375) abused females in the provinces of Riyadh in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA).  The data that was collected with a questionnaire that was designed to elicit information from abused females in the provinces of Riyadh and was statistically analyzed using SPSS17. The findings of the study showed that the majority of the abused females have a university degree (a bachelor degree) and their percentage was (35.5%).  According to age variable, most of the abused females were younger than 30 years of age and made up (34.7%) of the sample.  The study also showed that there are statistically significant differences between the dimensions of governance available within social care institutions to reduce the level of abuse from the point of view of the abused females in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, and the variable of academic qualification related to the dimension of social accountability, as the value of counted (P) was = 25.737.  In terms of the differences and years of benefiting from social care working in the field protection from abuse related to the dimension of social accountability, the value of counted (P) was = 16.107 whereas the value of tabulated (P) at the point of (374, 0.05) =1.19k.  In terms of the transparency dimension, the value of counted (p) was = 97.457; and in terms of the dimension of integrity, the value of counted (P) was = 37.636. The study concluded with some recommendations that may contribute in achieving better protection for those who are at risk of abuse.
The Effect of Using Cognitive Conflict Strategy on Correcting Geographical Misconceptions of Grade Ten Female Social Studies' Students and their Attitudes toward the Subject
Authors: Al-Salmi Fatma , Al Najar Noor
Published: March 2019

The study aimed to investigate grade-ten Social Studies students' perceptions of geographical concepts. It analyzed the effect of the cognitive-conflict strategies on correcting students' geographical misconceptions and their attitudes toward Social Studies. The study sample consisted of 51 grade-ten female students from Al-Batinah-North schools. The sample was divided into two groups: an experimental group n= 25 and a control group n=26. To achieve the objectives of the study, the researchers used a semi-experimental design and designed and used two instruments:    the first was a geographical-concept test, consisted of 20 multiple-choice items, the other was an attitude scale towards the subject, consisted of 22 items. The results of the study revealed that the students had a deficiency in understanding the geographical concepts. There were statistically significant differences at a=0.05 between the score average of the experimental group of students who took the post concepts test. However, there were no statistically significant differences at a=0.05 in the students’ attitudes towards the subject. The study highlighted the importance of the use of alternative perceptions for geographical concepts and fixing them using new teaching strategies.
TripAdvisor’da Türk Hava Yolları için yapılan değerlendirmelerin incelenmesi
Authors: GÜNGÖR Ozan , YÜCEL GÜNGÖR Mehtap , DOĞAN Seden
Published: March 2019

Bu
araştırmada 2017 yılının ilk 4 ayında TripAdvisor web sitesinde Türk Hava
Yolları için yapılan değerlendirmeler incelenerek yolcuların memnun oldukları
ve olmadıkları hususlar belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Veriler 2018 yılı Ocak ve
Şubat ayları içerisinde toplanmıştır. Veri toplama süreci sonucunda 647 adet
kullanılabilir veri elde edilmiştir. Yapılan Mann Whitney U analizi sonuçlarına
göre Türk Hava Yolları’nın sunduğu hizmetlere puan veren yolcuların
cinsiyetinin, Türk Hava Yolları’na verilen genel puan, müşteri hizmetleri, uçak
içi eğlence ve ödenen paranın değerine verilen puanlar üzerinde anlamlı bir
fark yarattığı belirlenmiştir. Yapılan Kruskall Wallis H
analizi sonuçlarına göre ise Türk Hava Yolları’nın sunmuş olduğu hizmetlerin
tamamında Rusya ve Ukrayna vatandaşlarının en yüksek memnuniyete sahip
oldukları görülmüştür. En düşük memnuniyete sahip olan milletlere bakıldığında
Birleşik Krallık ile Orta Asya ve Uzak Doğu yolcularının olduğu tespit
edilmiştir.
Yeşil yıldız uygulamaları: Y kuşağı örneği
Authors: SAHİLLİ BİRDİR Sevda , TOKSÖZ Derya , BİRDİR Kemal
Published: March 2019

Çalışmada Y kuşağına mensup tüketicilerin yeşil yıldız uygulamalarına dönük algılarını tespit etmek amaçlanmıştır. Aynı zamanda, otellerde uygulanan “yeşil yıldız” uygulamalarının Y kuşağı tarafından nasıl değerlendirildiği belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Araştırma, tanımlayıcı bir araştırma olup, veriler anket aracılığıyla, bir alışveriş merkezini ziyaret edenlerle yüz yüze görüşülerek toplanmıştır. Kullanılabilir bulunan 221 anketten elde edilen veriler, Y Kuşağına mensup tüketicilerin yeşil yıldız uygulamalarına yönelik algılarının daha önce araştırılmamış olması çalışmanın orijinalliğini vurgulamak açısından önem taşımaktadır. Araştırma sonucunda Y kuşağı tüketicilerin seyahat planlarında otelin yeşil yıldızlı olup olmadığının sınırlı oranda öneme sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca, Y kuşağındaki tüketicilerin seyahatlerini planlarken “internet”ten yararlandıkları tespit edilmiştir. Çalışmada iki faktör elde edilmiş ve faktörlere “toplum ve farkındalık” ve “enerji verimliliği ve su koruma” adı verilmiştir.
Çalışma sermayesi yönetiminin firma karlılığına etkisi: BIST turizm firmaları üzerine bir uygulama
Authors: KORKMAZ Turhan , YAMAN Serdar
Published: March 2019

Bu çalışmada, çalışma sermayesi yönetiminin Borsa İstanbul (BİST)’da
faaliyet gösteren turizm firmalarının firma karlılıkları üzerine olan etkisi
2008 krizi sonrası dönem için incelenmiştir. Çalışma 2011:12-2017:12 döneminde
Türkiye’de turizm sektöründe faaliyet gösteren 6 turizm firmasına ilişkin altı aylık
verileri kapsamaktadır. Çalışmada, çalışma sermayesi yönetimin firma karlılığı
üzerindeki etkisi panel veri analizi yöntemi kullanılarak incelenmiştir.
Çalışma sermayesinin temel göstergesi olarak kabul edilen nakit dönüşüm süresi
ve bileşenleri ayrı modellerde bağımsız değişken olarak ele alınarak turizm
firmalarının karlılıkları üzerindeki etkileri incelenmiştir. Çalışmanın
sonuçlarına göre, nakit dönüşüm süresi, alacak tahsil süresi ve stok devir
süresi turizm firmalarının faaliyet karlılıkları üzerinde istatistiki olarak
negatif anlamlı etkiye sahip olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Diğer yandan borçların
ödenme süresinin ise turizm firmalarının faaliyet karlılıkları üzerinde pozitif
anlamlı etkiye sahip olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
The Reaction of Stock Markets in the Gulf Cooperation Council Countries to Economic Policy Uncertainty in the United States
Authors: Alqahtani Abdullah Saeed S , Ouyang Hongbing , Ali Adam
Published: March 2019

This study investigates if the changes in economic policy uncertainty in the U.S. can explain the returns on stock markets of Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates. The study also examines how the stock market returns of the six GCC countries respond to the changes in economic policy uncertainty in the U.S. The results demonstrate that changes in economic policy uncertainty in the U.S. are not significantly linked with the returns on all the stock markets except Oman stock market, which shows a statistical significant negative relationship with the changes in economic policy uncertainty in the U.S. Controlling for the effects of the U.S. stock market and oil price, returns on all the six GCC markets including Oman show insignificant coefficients. The returns on all the stock markets do not respond to the changes in economic policy uncertainty. The results of Granger causality tests show that the changes in economic policy uncertainty in the U.S. do not cause the returns of all the six GCC stock markets.
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) study of Heusler alloy (Co2FeAl) interfaced with semiconductor (n-Si) structure
Authors: Kumar Arvind , Srivastava P.C.
Published: March 2019

Layered magnetic heterostructures are very promising candidates in spintronics in which the influences of interfaces, surfaces and defects play a crucial role. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) study has been performed for studying in detail the chemical state and electronic structure of Co2FeAl (CFA) Heusler alloy interfaced with Si substrates. XPS survey scan spectra have clearly shown the presence of Fe, Co and Al signal along with the signal due to Si. The presence of Co, Fe and Al signal confirms the formation of CFA alloy phase. Our XPS results support our previous study [1] on CFA/Si structure in determining the magnetic and transport properties across the interface.
Effect of Sm concentration on optical and electrical properties of CdSe nanocrystalline thin film
Authors: Pathak K.K. , Pateria Mimi Akash , Deshmukh Kusumanjali , Jha Piyush
Published: March 2019

Present paper reports optical and electrical properties of samarium doped CdSe nanocrystalline thin film which was grown on a glass substrate by chemical bath deposition method (CBD). X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed that the deposited films were nanocrystalline with sphalerite cubic structure. The average crystallite size calculated from FWHM of XRD peaks was found to be 10.11 nm. The bandgap of the Sm doped CdSe nanocrystalline thin films was calculated to be 1.91 eV to 2.22 eV. The optical absorption edge of undoped (pure) and Sm doped CdSe films was obtained between 650 nm to 640 nm showing blue shift as compared to bulk CdSe. Sm doping further enhanced the photoconductivity of these films. The I-V characteristic confirmed the suitability of prepared films for photosensor applications.
Structural and magnetic studies on Co-Zn nanoferrite synthesized via sol-gel and combustion methods
Authors: Prasad B.B.V.S. Vara , Ramesh K.V. , Srinivas A.
Published: March 2019

Co–Zn nanocrystalline ferrites with chemical composition Co0:5Zn0:5Fe2O4 were synthesized by sol-gel and combustion methods. The sol-gel method was carried out in two ways, i.e. based on chelating agents PVA and PEG of high and low molecular weights. In auto-combustion method, the ratio of citric acid to metal nitrate was taken as 1:1, while in sol-gel method the chelating agents were taken based on oxygen balance. All the three samples were studied by thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis for the identification of phase formation and ferritization temperature. The synthesized samples were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction and FT-IR spectroscopy without any thermal treatment. The measured lattice constants and observed characteristic IR absorption bands of the three samples are in good agreement with the reported values showing the formation of a cubic spinel structure. The crystallite sizes of all samples were determined using high intensity peaks and W-H plot. Size-Strain Plot method was also implemented since two of the samples showed low crystallite sizes. The least crystallite size (5.5 nm) was observed for the sample CZVP while the highest (23.8 nm) was observed for the sample CZCA. Cation distribution was proposed based on calculated and observed intensity ratios of selected planes from X ray diffraction data. All structural parameters were presented using experimental lattice constant and oxygen positional parameter, and they correlated with FT-IR results. Magnetic measurements were carried out using vibrating sample magnetometer at room temperature to obtain the characteristic parameters such as saturation magnetization, coercivity, remanence, squareness ratio and Bohr magnetons. Among all, the sample synthesized via citric acid autocombustion method displayed a remarkably higher magnetization of 53 emu/g and the remaining two samples displayed low magnetization values owing to their smaller crystallite sizes.
الصياغة الصوتيّة اللامعة في الآية الجامعة (الآية 29 من سورة الفتح)
Authors: Ahmed Azza A.
Published: March 2019

لم تجتمع حروف العربية كلّها في القرآن الكريم إلّا في آيتين : الأولى الآية (154) من سورة آل عمرآن، والثانية الآية (29) من سورة الفتح. تناولنا الأخيرة بالدراسة، وما دفعنا للبحث فيها، وفي ألفاظها، ومعانيها هو قلة أصواتها قياسا بأصوات آية سورة آل عمرآن فضلا عن تميُّزها لا باجتماع الحروف كلّها فيها فحسب بل بنوعية أصواتها وزمن النطق بها كورود (الواو)، و(الياء) بكل أشكالهما (الصامتة المتحركة، واللين الساكنة المسبوقة بالفتحة، والمدّ الساكنة المسبوقة بحركة مجانسة)، فضلا عن تلوُّنات أصوات أخرى تتأثر بما يسبقها أو يلحقها، وهذا ما يطلق عليه (الألوفون)، كما في صوتيّ : (اللام)، و(الراء) اللذين توالت فيهما الصفات المتضادة كالتفخيم والترقيق، وتغيّر صوت (الميم)، أو (النون) بين الإخفاء والإظهار والإدغام فضلا عن الغنّة وعدمها، وقدر تعلق الأمر بالمقطع الصوتيّ المفتوح لوحظ اختلاف زمن المدّ فيه، وتعدّده نوعاً أو كَمّاً ابتداء بالاختلاس، وانتهاء بالإشباع، فاشتملت بذلك الآية على العديد من أحكام التلاوة الخاصة بالصوامت وبالصوائت. تناولنا معاني الألفاظ، وتنوّع الصيغ الصرفيّة التي سبَّبت تغيَّر الأصوات، واختلاف التراكيب النحويّة، وعلاقة كلِّ ذلك بالسياق، وحاولنا ربط الرسم القرآنيّ وعلاقته بتغيّر الصوت أو المقطع الصوتيّ، من مدٍّ، أو اختلاس، أو وصل، أو قطع، أو إقلاب، أو إبدال، وهذا بالتأكيد يخص الأصوات اللغويّة : عددها، وصفاتها، ومخارجها، والمقاطع الصوتيّة : عددها، ونوعها، صوامتها، وصوائتها.
سڤكاتیكرن د كاریكاتێرێ كوردیدا ڤه‌كۆلینه‌كا پراگماتیكی
Authors: Ali Sherzad S. , Qadir BadrAldeen A.
Published: March 2019

ئه‌ڤ ڤه‌كۆلینه‌ ب ناڤونیشان(سڤكاتیكرن د كاریكاتێرێ كوردیدا- ڤه‌كۆلینه‌كا پراگماتیكی-)، كو ڤه‌كۆلینێ ل شرۆڤه‌كرنا سڤكاتیكرنێ د كاریكاتێرێ كوردیدا دكه‌ت، ئه‌وژى ژ ڕوانگه‌ها پراگماتیكێڤه‌. كو نموونه‌یێن وێنه‌یێن كاریكاتێرى ژ ڕۆژنامه‌ و گۆڤارێن (ئه‌ڤرۆ، وار، گه‌پ، سیخورمه‌) هاتینه‌ وه‌رگرتن. ڤه‌كۆلین ژ دوو پشكان پێكدهێت. پشكا ئێكێ ب ناڤونیشان : (كاریكاتێر و سڤكاتیكرن)ه‌، لێ پشكا دووێ تایبه‌ته‌ ب ڤه‌كۆلینا(سڤكاتیكرن د كاریكاتێرێ كوردیدا). ڤه‌كۆلین گه‌هشتییه‌ چه‌ند ئه‌نجامێن گرنگترین ئه‌نجام ژى : سڤكاتیكرن په‌یامه‌كه‌ و بۆشاهییه‌ك هه‌یه‌ د ناڤبه‌را ئه‌وا ئاخڤتنكه‌ر دبێژیت و ئه‌وا مه‌به‌ست بیت و كه‌س نه‌شێت ل ده‌ربڕینێن سڤكاتیكرنێ بگه‌هیت، بێی به‌رچاڤوه‌رگرتنا واتایا ده‌وروبه‌رى و واتایا زه‌ق و دیار د كاریكاتێرێ كوردیدا واتایا نه‌راسته‌وخۆیه‌ و ئاماژه‌یێ ب سڤكاتیكرنێ دده‌ت.
Organizing Wal-Mart: The Canadian Campaign
Authors: Adams Roy J
Published: March 2019

The central focus of this article is the effort by Canadian unions to organize Wal-Mart. Organizing the world's largest corporation is considered to be critical because the company's business "template" calls for wages and benefits considerably inferior to those of unionized workers. To date, although a few bargaining units have been certified, Wal-Mart has managed to thwart all attempts to negotiate collective agreements. However, because the United Food and Commercial Workers have certified units in a few provinces with first contract arbitration, the achievement, eventually, of a collective agreement appears to be likely.
Social Movement Unionism and Progressive Public Policy in New York City
Authors: Reiss Jeremy
Published: March 2019

This paper explores the state of social movement unionism in New York City and how labour-community coalitions are forging a progressive public policy agenda. Based on twenty formal interviews with labour leaders and nearly a decade of practice working in the city’s social and economic justice movement, it appears that unions are increasingly interested in coupling efforts to improve wages and working conditions with broader strategies for growth – namely, levelling the playing field for organizing through public policy reform and pursuing a legislative strategy of social, economic, and environmental justice that will give the broader public more of a reason to want to join a union. However, the New York City labour movement faces a number of obstacles – including union democracy issues, a new generation of conservative union leaders, and increasingly conservative municipal, state, and federal administrations – towards adopting social movement unionism and a progressive public policy platform
Comments on “An Empirical Assessment of the Employee Free Choice Act: the Economic Implications” by Ann Layne-Farrar
Authors: Johnson Susan
Published: March 2019

“An Empirical Assessment of the Employee Free Choice Act: The Economic Implications” by Ann Layne-Farrar provides empirical evidence concerning the impact on the U.S. unemployment rate and employment-to-population ratio should the highly controversial Employee Free Choice Act (EFCA) become law. The paper has received widespread public attention and its analysis is being used in the debate surrounding the EFCA. This commentary raises three important questions about the empirical analysis: Are the predictions presented in the study, concerning the effects of the EFCA, realistic? Is the research design likely to identify the effects of the EFCA? Why do the data used in the analysis cover such a short time period? The discussion suggests the empirical results presented in Layne-Farrar (2009) should be viewed with considerable skepticism.
Fairness and Opportunity for Choice: The Employee Free Choice Act & the Canadian Model
Authors: Slinn Sara , Hurd Richard W
Published: March 2019

The authors are engaged in a multi-dimensional project that analyzes Canadian private sector experience under provincial and federal labour statutes. The broad objective of the research is to draw nuanced lessons from the Canadian experience that will inform the debate over labour law reform in the U.S. This commentary reflects the authors’ preliminary research results as they relate to the specific proposals included in the Employee Free Choice Act.
The Proliferation and Consequences of Temporary Help Work: A Cross-Border Comparison
Authors: Van Arsdale David , Mandarino Michael
Published: March 2019

In the summer of 2008, we set out to hear from Ontario’s growing population of temporary help workers, also known as, temporary service workers. Having already conducted studies of temporary help workers in the United States, we sought to compare the working conditions of temporary workers in Ontario to those of workers south of the border. We visited temporary agencies in Toronto and conducted in-depth interviews with over a dozen temporary help workers. Their circumstances are not unlike those of their U.S. counterparts — they are not adequately rewarded for their vital on-call role in contemporary capitalism and they become “stuck” in this relatively new type of work, unable to find and secure full-time employment.
Organizing the Curriculum for Labor Consciousness
Authors: Sosin Adrienne Andi , Sosinsky Joel I , Benin Leigh David , Linne Rob
Published: March 2019

Research on labor and its treatment in the curriculum of K-12 schools has not been a popular topic. Society’s emphasis on individualism and consumerism has fostered veneration of capitalism throughout public education, with business control of the education policy system. Critical information about the US Labor Movement has been systematically excluded from the public school curriculum, so that labor’s centrality to the flow of history and its contributions to the present status of working people are underappreciated, and neoliberalism threatens public education and teacher unionism around the world. This article describes why and how an alliance of teacher educators, teachers, and unionists are advocating for labor consciousness to be infused in to K-12 schooling. This perspective is presented in Organizing the Curriculum, an edited collection of essays, and is being implemented by the Education & Labor Collaborative, an advocacy group to promote economic, social and political empowerment through education for labor consciousness.
Growth of a Modern Union Local: A People’s History of SEIU Local 880
Authors: Kelleher Keith
Published: March 2019

This article examines the growth of one of the fastest-growing union locals in North America, the Services Employees International Union Local 880 in Chicago. As union membership has declined nationally, Local 880 has achieved exponential growth over the last twenty five years by being among the first to organize extremely low wage home based child care and home care workers. The article highlights the tenets of the local’s organizing philosophy, including community organizing and political activism, as well as other strategies and tactics 880 has utilized in growing its membership to more than 65,000 members. Along the way, it has secured notable victories on behalf of its members, including winning the largest organizing campaign of home childcare workers in U.S. history.
More Effective Assessment
Authors: Andre John M.
Published: March 2019

Assessment effectiveness is an important topic for all educators. This study considers how assessment can be made more effective by addressing plagiarism by students in international undergraduate programs in Vietnam. The study included a change in assessment away from written reports and towards student presentations. 107 Vietnamese students, across two semesters, studying a BTEC HND business management subject in an international program at a large government-run university were assigned to give weekly group presentations rather than write 3,000 word reports. The first semester results indicate that this change practically eliminated plagiarism and improved student learning (measured by grades) by 33%. The second semester added local language tutorial sessions and improved student learning by 70% from the pre-study levels. Additionally, students reported greater satisfaction with the new assessment design.
Survival of Bifidobacterium ssp. during gastrointestinal passage and their mechanism of action for pathogenic bacteria inhibition in the gut: a concise review
Authors: E. S. Prudencio S. Verruck,
Published: March 2019

Bifidobacteria genus stands out for being one of the most used probiotic bacteria for food applications. This review presents a concise and direct picture of current knowledge on bifidobacteria strains survival during the passage through the human gastrointestinal system. It also provides the necessary theoretical background and details about mechanisms of actions of bifidobacteria against pathogenic bacteria. We will also report some of the factors which make the combination of food and bifidobacteria one of the most promising research topics in the field of modern food science.
FIDDLE. Simultaneous Indexing and Structure Solution from Powder Diffraction Data using a Genetic Algorithm and Correlation Functions
Authors: Guguta Carmen , Smits Jan M.M. , de Gelder Rene
Published: March 2019

A method for the determination of crystal structures from powder diffraction data is presented that circumvents the difficulties associated with separate indexing. For the simultaneous optimization of the parameters that describe a crystal structure a genetic algorithm is used together with a pattern matching technique based on auto and cross correlation functions.
Innate extracellular vesicles from melanoma patients suppress β-catenin in tumor cells by miRNA-34a
Authors: Lee Jung-Hyun , Dindorf Jochen , Eberhardt Martin , Lai Xin , Ostalecki Christian , Koliha Nina , Gross Stefani , Blume Katja , Bruns Heiko , Wild Stefan , Schuler Gerold , Vera-Gonzales Julio , Baur Andreas S
Published: March 2019

Upon tumor development, new extracellular vesicles appear in circulation. Our knowledge of their relative abundance, function, and overall impact on cancer development is still preliminary. Here, we demonstrate that plasma extracellular vesicles (pEVs) of non-tumor origin are persistently increased in untreated and post-excision melanoma patients, exhibiting strong suppressive effects on the proliferation of tumor cells. Plasma vesicle numbers, miRNAs, and protein levels were elevated two- to tenfold and detected many years after tumor resection. The vesicles revealed individual and clinical stage-specific miRNA profiles as well as active ADAM10. However, whereas pEV from patients preventing tumor relapse down-regulated β-catenin and blocked tumor cell proliferation in an miR-34a–dependent manner, pEV from metastatic patients lost this ability and stimulated β-catenin–mediated transcription. Cancer-induced pEV may constitute an innate immune mechanism suppressing tumor cell activity including that of residual cancer cells present after primary surgery.
Epidemiology and genotype 3 subtype dynamics of hepatitis E virus in Belgium, 2010 to 2017
Authors: Suin Vanessa , Klamer Sofieke E , Hutse Veronik , Wautier Magali , Jacques Marjorie , Abady Mona , Lamoral Sophie , Verburgh Vera , Thomas Isabelle , Brochier Bernard , Subissi Lorenzo , Van Gucht Steven
Published: March 2019

Background

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is an emerging public health concern in high-income countries and can cause acute and chronic hepatitis. Reported numbers of indigenously acquired HEV infection have increased in the past decade in many European countries. Since 2010, the National Reference Centre (NRC) for Hepatitis Viruses has been testing samples of suspected hepatitis E cases in Belgium.

Aim

In this surveillance report, we present the epidemiological trends of symptomatic HEV infections in Belgium, from the distribution by age, sex and geography to the molecular characterisation of the viral strains.

Method

Serum samples of suspected cases sent to the NRC between 2010 and 2017 were analysed for the presence of HEV-specific IgM and RNA. Virus was sequenced for genotyping and phylogenetic analysis in all samples containing sufficient viral RNA.

Results

The NRC reported an increase in the number of samples from suspected cases (from 309 to 2,663 per year) and in the number of laboratory-confirmed hepatitis E cases (from 25 to 117 per year). Among 217 sequenced samples, 92.6% were genotype 3 (HEV-3), followed by 6.5% of genotype 1 and 0.9% of genotype 4. HEV-3 subtype viruses were mainly 3f, 3c and 3e. HEV-3f was the most common subtype until 2015, while HEV-3c became the most common subtype in 2016 and 2017.

Conclusion

The increasing trend of HEV diagnoses in Belgium may be largely explained by increased awareness and testing.
Hepatitis E virus in blood donors in England, 2016 to 2017: from selective to universal screening
Authors: Harvala Heli , Hewitt Patricia E , Reynolds Claire , Pearson Callum , Haywood Becky , Tettmar Kate I , Ushiro-Lumb Ines , Brailsford Susan R , Tedder Richard , Ijaz Samreen
Published: March 2019

Introduction

Hepatitis E virus (HEV), the most common cause of acute hepatitis in many European countries, is transmitted through consumption of processed pork but also via blood transfusion and transplantation. HEV infection can become persistent in immunocompromised individuals.

Aim

We aimed to determine the incidence and epidemiology of HEV infection in English blood donors since the introduction of donation screening in 2016.

Methods

Between March 2016 and December 2017, 1,838,747 blood donations were screened for HEV RNA. Donations containing HEV RNA were further tested for serological markers, RNA quantification and viral phylogeny. Demographics, travel and diet history were analysed for all infected donors.

Results

We identified 480 HEV RNA-positive blood donations during the 22-month period, most (319/480; 66%) donors were seronegative. Viral loads ranged from 1 to 3,230,000 IU/ml. All sequences belonged to genotype 3, except one which likely represents a new genotype. Most viraemic donors were over 45 years of age (279/480; 58%), donors aged between 17 and 24 years had a seven-times higher incidence of HEV infection than other donors between March and June 2016 (1:544 donations vs 1:3,830). HEV-infected blood donors were evenly distributed throughout England. Screening prevented 480 HEV RNA-positive blood donations from reaching clinical supply.

Conclusion

HEV screening of blood donations is a vital step in order to provide safer blood for all recipients, but especially for the immunosuppressed. The unusually high rates of HEV infection in young blood donors may provide some insight into specific risks associated with HEV infection in England.
Magistri Legis. Eine Studie zur dogmatischen Funktion im industriellen System
Authors: Legendre Pierre
Published: March 2019

"Der Beitrag reevaluiert die «dogmatische Funktion», eine soziale Funktion, die mit biologischer und kultureller Reproduktion und folglich der Reproduktion des industriellen Systems zusammenhängt. Indem sie sich auf der Grenze zwischen Anthropologie und Rechtsgeschichte des Westens situiert, nimmt die Studie die psychoanalytische Frage nach der Rolle des Rechts im Verhalten des modernen Menschen erneut in den Blick.

This article reappraises the dogmatic function, a social function related to biological and cultural reproduction and consequently to the reproduction of the industrial system itself. On the borderline of anthropology and of the history of law – applied to the West – this study takes a new look at the question raised by psychoanalysis concerning the role of law in modern human behaviour.
"
Im Namen des Staates. Der elektronische Personalausweis und die Medien der Regierungskunst
Authors: Engemann Christoph
Published: March 2019

Transaktionen sind Übertragungsgeschehen, die in modernen Gesellschaften zentralen Stellenwert haben und im besonderen Maße mit Beglaubigungs- und Autorisierungspraxen verbunden sind. Um Transaktionen vorzunehmen, müssen die Transaktionsinstanzen mit besonders autorisierten Zeichen versehen werden, deren Ausgabe historisch von der Staatlichkeit monopolisiert worden ist. Der von der Bundesdruckerei produzierte elektronische Personalausweis ist der Versuch, für den digitalen Raum entsprechende Zeichenregime zu schaffen. Damit nimmt diese Institution für das Regieren in und mit dem Internet eine wichtige Position ein, anhand derer sich wesentliche Aspekte einer digitalen Gouvernemedialität aufzeigen lassen.

In modern societies, transactions are highly significant events of transmission, connected to praxis of authentification and authorization. In order to carry out transactions, the instances of transaction have to be provided with especially authorized signs, the issuing of which has been monopolized by the State. The electronic ID-card produced by the Federal Printing Office can be considered as an attempt to create corresponding regimes of signification for the digital sphere. This institution thus occupies an important position for governing in and with the Internet; hence, its examination can point out essential aspects of digital .
Film als Experiment der Animation
Authors: Koch Gertrud
Published: March 2019

Im Zentrum steht der Begriff des Experiments, der mit Kants Begriff der Lebendigkeit als zentralem Topos der ästhetischen Erfahrung auf die 〉Animation〈 im Film bezogen wird, insoweit beide einen lebenswissenschaftlichen Kern haben. Insbesondere in einer Auseinandersetzung mit Eisensteins Poetik des 〉Plasmatischen〈 wird die experimentelle Übertragung einer lebenswissenschaftlichen Metapher in eine Ästhetik des Films diskutiert, die von der Animation ausgeht.

The paper discusses the notion of »experiment« and relates it – via Kant's concept of liveliness, which is a central topos of aesthetic experience – to »animation« in film, insofar as both essentially refer to »life sciences.« Drawing upon the example of Eisenstein's poetics of the »plasmic,« the paper discusses the transferal of a metaphor from life sciences to an aesthetics of cinema based on animation.
Das Dispositiv der Eignung
Authors: Gelhard Andreas
Published: March 2019

Vieles spricht dafür, dass das Dispositiv der Schuld, das mit der Leitunterscheidung erlaubt/verboten operiert, im Verlauf des 20. Jahrhunderts in ein Dispositiv der Eignung umgebaut wurde, dessen Leitunterscheidung können/nichtkönnen lautet. In diesem Zusammenhang spielen die um 1900 aufkommende Angewandte Psychologie und die von ihr entwickelten Prüfungstechniken eine entscheidende Rolle. Der Aufsatz demonstriert dies exemplarisch an den Arbeiten von William Stern (Schülerauslese), Hugo Münsterberg (Betriebspsychologie) und Kurt Lewin(social management). Dabei zeigt sich, dass das Eignungsdispositiv auch solche psychologischen Techniken zu integrieren vermag, die ursprünglich nicht für die Eignungsprüfung konzipiert wurden.

This paper argues that during the 20th century the dispositive of guilt (which operates with the principal distinction permitted/forbidden) is restructured as a dispositive of aptitude, which relies on the principal distinction able/not able. In this context, the (applied psychology), which emerges at the turn of the century and the technologies of examination it developed play a significant role. This can be demonstrated with reference to the works of William Stern (selection of students), Hugo Münsterberg (work psychology) and Kurt Lewin (social management). Furthermore, it can be shown that the dispositive of ability can also integrate those psychological techniques that originally were not conceived for ability testing.
Dinge teilen
Authors: Henning Anke
Published: March 2019

Aus dem Motiv eines »Aufstandes der Dinge« leitet sich im linken russischen Konstruktivismus der Imperativ einer Befreiung der Dinge her, der sich von ihrer Repräsentation abkehrt und ein Bilderverbot verhängt, um neue Dinge für 〉neue Menschen〈 zu erschaffen. Diese Dinge – Universalkleidungsstücke und mobile Gebrauchsgegenstände – überspringen den Gegensatz zwischen Objekt und Dinglichkeit. Wie die zeitgenössische russische Phänomenologie (Gustav Špet, Nikolaj Žinkin) feststellt, macht kein 〉idealer Gegenstand〈 ihr Wesen aus, sondern der soziale Gebrauch, der es in einen unabschließbaren Veränderungsprozess involviert.

Russian constructivism's motif of an »insurgence of things« leads to the imperative of a liberation of things, which turns away from their representation and declares a Bilderverbot (prohibition of representation) in order to create new things for »new men.« These things – for example, clothing and articles of daily use – overleap the opposition between object and thingness. Their essence, as contemporary Russian phenomenology (Gustav Špet, Nikolaj Žinkin) affirms, is not constituted by any »ideal object«, but by social usage, which involves it in an interminable metamorphosis.
Reflexionen über Wiederholung
Authors: Christians Heiko
Published: March 2019

Der Aufsatz fragt am Beispiel von Tucholskys Pyrenäenbuch von 1927 nach den Möglichkeiten disziplinärer Zuständigkeiten und methodisch gesteuerter Interpretationen im Feld der Kulturwissenschaft. Gibt im Falle des Pyrenäenbuchs die aus Sicht der Medienwissenschaft avancierte Kombinatorik von Text und Photographie die Auslegung vor oder lässt sich jenseits dieser etablierten medienwissenschaftlichen Theorie-Topik dem Text selbst noch ein anderer konkurrenzfähiger Auslegungshorizont abgewinnen? Gelesen im Umfeld von Arnold Gehlens Reflexionen über Gewohnheit (1927) und Walter Benjamins Kunstwerk-Aufsatz wird Tucholskys Reisebuch lesbar als aktualisierte Kierkegaard-Lektüre und damit als systematische Abhandlung über mediale Gebrauchsweisen und Praktiken im Zeichen der Wiederholung.

Drawing upon the example of Tucholsky's 1927 [Book of the Pyrenees], the paper inquires into the possibilities of disciplinary competences and methodology-driven interpretations in the field of cultural studies. It asks whether in the case of the , the combination strategies of text and photography necessarily predetermine the interpretation, or whether there are other competitive horizons of interpretation beyond this wellestablished theoretical topos of media studies. If it is read in the context of Arnold Gehlen's 1927 [Reflections on habit] and Walter Benjamin's , Tucholsky's [Book/journal of voyages] presents itself as an contemporary reading of Kierkegaard and thus as a systematic discussion of medial usages and practices under the sign of repetition.
Wertspeicher: Epistemologien des Warenlagers
Authors: Dommann Monika
Published: March 2019

Der Text geht von der These aus, dass nicht, wie oft behauptet, eine Virtualisierung, sondern eine Vergegenständlichung und Materialisierung den Kapitalismus auszeichnet. Dabei werden Warenlager als materialisierte Form des industriellen Kapitalismus hinsichtlich ihrer epistemischen Produktivkraft untersucht. Im Zentrum steht dabei die Entstehung eines neuen handelswissenschaftlichen und volkswirtschaftlichen Wissenskorpus, das in die Praxis der Warenlagerung interveniert. Nach der Weltwirtschaftskrise von 1920/21 wird die Vorratshaltung in Frage gestellt und es beginnt eine neue Epoche der Warenlagerwissenschaften, deren Folgen auch bei der Formulierung von Konjunkturtheorien thematisiert werden.

The paper presents the thesis that, in contrast to the conventional claim, capitalism is not characterized by virtualization, but by objectification and materialization. As materialized forms of industrial capitalism, warehouses are investigated with regard to their epistemic productivity. Central for the argument is the emergence of a new body of knowledge concerning commercial and economic sciences, which figures decisively in the practice of warehousing. After the worldwide economic crisis of 1920/21, stockpiling is called into question and a new era of warehouse sciences begins, the consequences of which are also addressed in the formulation of trade cycle theories.
Debatte: Transparenz
Authors: Möllering Anita , Leggewie Claus
Published: March 2019

"Die Forderung nach Transparenz gehört zu den zentralen Schlagworten der politischen Gegenwart. Während Anita Möllering die Transparenz-Forderung im Sinne der Piraten-Partei aber vor allem an die politischen Akteure adressiert und auf demokratische Verfahren bezieht, diskutiert Claus Leggewie insbesondere die Kehrseiten dieser basisdemokratischen Forderung. Zentraler Widerspruch ist aus dieser Perspektive die Fixierung der Piraten-Partei auf den gläsernen Staat, während sich die Benutzer sozialer Medien der Intransparenz ihrer privat-kommerziellen Betreiber kaum kritisch stellen.

The call for transparency is one of the main slogans of the political present. While Anita Möllering, following the agenda of the “Piraten-Partei”, mostly addresses the demand for transparency to political actors and relates it to democratic procedures, Claus Leggewie discusses the downsides of this fundamentally democratic demand. From this point of view, the central conflict concerns the fixation of the “Piraten-Partei” on a transparent state, while the users of social media hardly reflect on the intransparency of its private commercial operators in a critical way.
"
THE BOSS OF IT ALL. Beobachtungen zur Anthropologie der Filmkomödie
Authors: Engell Lorenz
Published: March 2019

Lars v. Triers Film the boss of it all entfaltet die wechselseitigen Konstitutionsverhältnisse zwischen Mensch und Medium und ordnet sich selbst in diese Verhältnisse ein. Die anthropoiden Funktionen, etwa Reflexivität und Selbstverfertigung, werden dabei erwartbar der Person des Autors und ihren metonymischen Figuren zugeschrieben, die instrumentellen, allopoietischen medialen Funktionen dagegen dem Genre der Filmkomödie. Diese Zuschreibung scheitert jedoch. Beide Funktionstypen überlagern einander vielmehr, so dass sie in ein Übertragungsverhältnis treten können und nunmehr das Medium als reflexiv, der Mensch dagegen als Instrument und Effekt erscheint. Indem Mensch und Medium jedoch ihre jeweilig zugeschriebenen Funktionen dennoch behaupten, treiben sie einander unausgesetzt hervor.

Lars von Trier's film the boss of it all unfolds the mutual constitutional relations between man and medium and re-inserts itself in these relations. As one might expect, the anthropoid features, such as reflexivity and autopoiesis, are attributed to the personality of the author and its metonymic figures, while the instrumental, allopoietic medial functions, in contrast, are attributed to the genre of comedy. This attribution, however, fails. Rather, both types of functions interfere with each other, so that they can enter into a relationship of transfer; now, the medium appears to be reflexive, while man appears as an instrument and effect. By maintaining their respective functions, however, man and medium constantly produce each other.
Der dionysische Schalter
Authors: Voss Christiane
Published: March 2019

Humor wird gemeinhin nicht eigens theoretisiert, sondern umstandslos mit dem Komischen und dem Lachen identifiziert. In diesem Aufsatz geht es darum, die Eigenlogik von humoresken Operationen vor dem Hintergrund von Freuds Auslassungen zum Humor herauszuarbeiten und für eine mediale Anthropologie produktiv zu machen. Im Unterschied zu herkömmlichen Anthropologien interessiert sich eine mediale Anthropologie für die ontologisierenden und wirklichkeitskonstituierenden Effekte technisch zu fassender Operationen. Humoreske Operationen sind entsprechend als Techniken der dionysischen Verschaltung von Lust- und Realitätsprinzip neu zu beleuchten.

Usually, humor is not theorized specifically, but identified with the comic and laughter. This paper deals with the internal logic of humorous operations in the context of Freud's writings on humor, in order to make them productive for medial anthropology. Unlike conventional anthropologies, medial anthropology is interested in the ontologizing effects of operations that can be understood in a technical way. Correspondingly, humoresque operations are to be studied anew as techniques of the Dionysian connection of pleasure and reality principle.
Einstein's Discourse Networks
Authors: Carnales Jimena
Published: March 2019

This paper situates Einstein’s theory of relativity within broader networks of communication.The speed of light, explained Einstein, was an unsurpassable velocity if, and only if, it was considered in terms of »arbitrary« and »voluntary« signals. Light signals in physics belong within a broader set of signs and symbols that include communication and military signals, understood by reference to Helmholtz, Saussure, media philosophies from WWII to ‘68 (Lavelle, Ong, McLuhan) and Derrida. Once light signals in physics are considered in relation to semaphore, print, telegraph, radio, computers and tape recorders, Kittler and Habermas provide us with conflicting ways for understanding science and technology, rationality and consensus.We conclude with a study of »flash and bang« in popular accounts of relativity theory to understand the role of theoretical science in the transmission of information and violence.