bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Settlement characteristics of major infrastructures in Shanghai
Authors: Jiao X. , Yan X. X. , Wang H. M.
Published: November 2015

Abstract. Critical infrastructures in Shanghai have undergone uneven settlement since their operation, which plays an important role in affecting the security of Shanghai. This paper, taking rail transportation as example, investigates settlement characteristics and influencing factors of this linear engineering, based on long-term settlement monitoring data. Results show that rail settlement is related to geological conditions, regional ground subsidence, surrounding construction activities and structural differences in the rail systems. In order to effectively decrease the impact of regional ground subsidence, a monitoring and early-warning mechanism for critical infrastructure is established by the administrative department and engineering operators, including monitoring network construction, settlement monitoring, information sharing, settlement warning, and so on.
An integrated assessment framework for land subsidence in delta cities
Authors: Bucx T. H. M. , van Ruiten C. J. M. , Erkens G. , de Lange G.
Published: November 2015

Abstract. In many delta cities land subsidence exceeds absolute sea level rise up to a factor of ten by excessive groundwater extraction related to rapid urbanization and population growth. Without change, parts of Jakarta, Ho Chi Minh City, Bangkok and numerous other delta (and coastal) cities will sink below sea level. Increased flooding and also other widespread impacts of land subsidence result already in damage of billions of dollars per year. In order to gain insight in the complex, multi-sectoral aspects of subsidence, to raise awareness and to support decision making on appropriate adaptation strategies and measures, an Integrated Assessment Framework (IAF) for subsidence is introduced, illustrated by several (delta) case studies. Based on that a list of 10 generic key issues and possible solutions is presented in order to further develop and support a (generic) approach how to deal with subsidence in current and future subsidence-prone areas. For exchange of experiences and knowledge development.on subsidence in deltas the Delta Alliance, a knowledge network of deltas worldwide, can be supportive.
The deformation behavior of soil mass in the subsidence region of Beijing, China
Authors: Tian F. , Liu J.-R. , Luo Y. , Zhu L. , Yang Y. , Zhou Y.
Published: November 2015

Abstract. Land subsidence induced by excessive groundwater withdrawal has been a major environmental and geological problem in the Beijing plain area. The monitoring network of land subsidence in Beijing has been established since 2002 and has covered the entire plain area by the end of 2008. Based on data from extensometers and groundwater observation wells, this paper establishes curves of variations over time for both soil mass deformation and water levels and the relationship between soil mass deformation and water level. In addition, an analysis of deformation behavior is carried out for soil mass with various lithologies at different depths depending on the corresponding water level. Finally, the deformation behavior of soil mass is generalized into five categories. The conclusions include: (i) the current rate of deformation of the shallow soil mass is slowing, and most of the mid-deep and deep soil mass continue to compress at a more rapid speed; (ii) the sand strata behaves elastically, while the clay soil mass at different depths is usually characterized by elastic-plastic and creep deformation, which can be considered as visco-elastoplastic.
Effects of groundwater regulation on aquifer-system compaction and subsidence in the Houston-Galveston Region, Texas, USA
Authors: Turco M. J. , Petrov A.
Published: November 2015

Abstract. Subsidence has been a primary concern in the Houston area for many years. Since 1906, about 4 m of subsidence has occurred in the coastal areas, with a broad area of about 2 m of subsidence existing today throughout most of the Houston Area. In 1975, as a result of area residents and local governments becoming increasingly alarmed by the continued impact of subsidence on economic growth and quality of life in the region, the Harris-Galveston Subsidence District was created by the 64th Texas Legislature as an underground water conservation district with the mission to provide for the regulation of the withdrawal of groundwater to control subsidence. Over its nearly 40 years of existence, the District has developed substantial data sets providing the foundation for its regulatory plan. The District's regulatory plan allows groundwater users an amount of annual groundwater based on a percentage of an individual permitee's total water demand. The management of the groundwater resources within the District has involved significant coordination with regional ground and surface water suppliers; ongoing interaction with other state and local regulatory bodies; analysis of accurate and up to date predictions on water usage; the enforcement of disincentives to those who rely too heavily on groundwater and a commitment to practicing and promoting water conservation. Areas nearest the Gulf of Mexico coast have completed the conversion to alternative (other than groundwater) water sources, consequently the effective stress on the aquifer has decreased and subsidence rates have been reduced. Areas within the District further inland are currently proceeding through the conversion process, and subsidence has continued in those areas as development of the groundwater resources has continued.
Towards a global land subsidence map
Authors: Erkens G. , Sutanudjaja E. H.
Published: November 2015

Abstract. Land subsidence is a global problem, but a global land subsidence map is not available yet. Such map is crucial to raise global awareness of land subsidence, as land subsidence causes extensive damage (probably in the order of billions of dollars annually). With the global land subsidence map relative sea level rise predictions may be improved, contributing to global flood risk calculations. In this paper, we discuss the approach and progress we have made so far in making a global land subsidence map. Initial results will be presented and discussed, and we give an outlook on the work needed to derive a global land subsidence map.
Distribution of inorganic phosphorus in profiles and particle-size fractions across an established riparian buffer and adjacent cropped area at the Dian lake
Authors: Zhang G. S. , Li J. C.
Published: November 2015

Abstract. Riparian buffer can trap sediment and nutrients sourced from upper cropland and minimizing eutrophication risk of water quality. This study aimed to investigate the distributions of soil inorganic phosphorus (Pi) forms among profile and particle-size fractions in an established riparian buffer and adjacent cropped area at the Dian lake, Southwestern China. The Ca-bound fraction (62 %) was the major proportion of the Pi in the riparian soils. Buffer rehabilitation from cropped area had a limited impact on total phosphorus (TP) concentrations after 3 years, but has contributed to a change in Pi forms. At 0–20 cm soil layer, levels of the Olsen-P, nonoccluded, Ca-bound and total Pi were lower in the buffer than the cropped area; however, the Pi distribution between the cropped area and the buffer did not differ significantly as depth increased. The clay fraction corresponded to 57 % of TP and seemed to be both a sink for highly recalcitrant Pi and a source for labile Pi. The lower concentration of Pi forms in the silt and sand particle fraction in the surface soil was observed in the buffer area, which indicating that the Pi distribution in coarse particle fraction has sensitively responded to land-use changes.
Consumption Characteristics Mapping of the Base of the Pyramid (BOP) Population in Brazil
Authors: Spers Renata Giovinazzo , Wright James Terence Coulter
Published: November 2015

The objective of this study is to outline a diagnosis of the BoP's population in Brazil, regarding their size and consumption characteristics. This is a relevant and current issue, considering that BoP needs to be understood as a large potential market with its own logic, also representing a large productive potential, which, if well developed, will bring very positive impacts to these communities. To achieve this, a theoretical survey was made. After, search was made based on secondary data about Brazilian BoP population participation and a mapping of their consumption profile, identifying main categories of goods consumed. This research generated meaningful results for society, companies and the Academy, hopefully consolidating a relevant line of research and management education.
Global Online Entrepreneurship and the Impact of Innovation on Brands
Authors: Krom Ipek
Published: November 2015

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to evaluate the significance of innovation driven online entrepreneurship as well as the impact of innovation on brand trust, customer satisfaction and brand loyalty in the extent of service innovations.Global online entrepreneurship was explored on a theoretical basis and correlation and regression analyses were used in order to evaluate the impact of the innovations of Google on brand trust, customer satisfaction and brand loyalty. Furthermore correlation and regression analyses were used in order to find out the relationship between brand loyalty and brand trust and the relationship between brand loyalty and customer relationship in the extent of service industry. The results show a direct and positive relationship between innovation and brand loyalty, a direct and positive relationship between innovation and brand trust and a direct and positive relationship between innovation and customer satisfaction. Furthermore, according to the research findings brand trust and customer satisfaction have a direct and positive relationship with brand loyalty. This research is limited to Google users since it is the most popular search engine worldwide. In this article the impact of innovation on brand trust, customer satisfaction and brand loyalty was evaluated. For future research the impact of innovation on other variables of brand loyalty can be studied.The findings of this study inform the readers about the impact of brand trust, customer satisfaction and brand loyalty on innovation in the extent of service innovations driven by global online entrepreneurship.
In the PaLRaP Spotlight: Courtney Young
Authors: Campbell Stephanie
Published: November 2015

A brief interview with Courtney Young, ALA President 2014-15, and Head Librarian and Professor of Women's Studies at Penn State Greater Allegheny.
Recycling C.R.A.P.: Reframing a Popular Research Mnemonic for Library Instruction
Authors: LeBlanc Robert E. , Quintiliano Barbara
Published: November 2015

In 2015 the American Association of College & Research Libraries jettisoned its long-standing set of Information Literacy Standards for Higher Education and adopted the richer, more flexible Framework for Information Literacy for Higher Education. Composed of core concepts rather than prescriptive objectives, the Framework more closely mirrors the complexity of the rapidly evolving academic environment and encourages engagement on the part of students. However, many instruction librarians find that the Frame’s flexibility also poses pedagogical challenges. The authors describe how instruction librarians at one university library have adapted and used a popular mnemonic device when presenting the Frames, thus promoting greater student reflection and interaction.
Searching for an Academic Librarian Job: Techniques to Maximize Success
Authors: Davis Angela R.
Published: November 2015

Job-hunting can be a confusing process for new librarians searching for their first professional position. Much of the literature available to potential job seekers focuses on general interview etiquette. This article provides advice to expedite the job hunt for academic library positions. The author draws upon personal experience to provide tips for an effective job hunt. These include how to prepare for a job search, locate job announcements, prepare application materials, typical interview procedures, and how to interact with a hiring committee. Additionally, the article provides guidance on how to make the best use of time spent on the job hunt and not get discouraged during the process.
Information Literacy in the Changing Landscape of Distance Learning: The Collaborative Design of a Flexible, Digital, Asynchronous Course
Authors: Reichart Betsy , Elvidge Christina
Published: November 2015

This paper offers a case study of the collaborative development of an information literacy course for students enrolled in an online, proprietary college. This credit-bearing course was created in accordance with ACRL’s Information Literacy Competency Standards for Higher Education as well as the newly adopted Framework for Information Literacy for Higher Education. The course treats information literacy as a meta-competency that encourages students to explore a variety of research tools, from social media to scholarly journals, and to develop critical thinking and research skills. In order to incorporate current best practices in information literacy pedagogy into the course itself, institutional factors needed to be addressed; these factors are reviewed here. This paper also explores implications for the future of the course, including assessment, the need to constantly adapt to the changing needs of students, and the ever-changing digital environment.
Social sustainability: a review of indicators and empirical application
Authors: Baffoe Gideon , Mutisya Emmanuel
Published: November 2015

As one of the three pillars of sustainable development, social sustainability has received little attention compared to the economic and environmental pillars. The major reason accounting for the neglect is attributed to its contested nature. This has culminated in the current conceptual understanding of the term. Previous efforts on social sustainability have concentrated on theoretical interpretations rather than quantification assessment. This is because quantifying social sustainability is regarded a daunting task. Meanwhile, indicators are disparate which makes understanding even more confusing. To enrich our knowledge on the term, definitional assessment and indicator synthesis and application will play a major role. The objective of this paper is to review the indicators of social sustainability and empirically apply them using the composite index approach. The review uniquely identified three dimensions (sub components) of social sustainability - representation mechanism, collective state and individual access. Empirical application in Kibera in Kenya, depicted a medium level of social sustainability. The highest contributing sub component was collective state with the least being representation mechanism. The study results evidently suggest policy support for inclusive governance, improved housing, job creation, security, education and community trust. It is believed that addressing these diverse issues will enhance social sustainability in Kibera.
Octavia Butler's (R)evolutionary Movement for the Twenty-First Century
Authors: Morris David
Published: November 2015

In the ruined landscape of twenty-first-century California, Lauren Olamina, the main character of Octavia Butler's Parable of the Sower and Parable of the Talents, founds a new religion, Earthseed. Earthseed deifies the cosmic pervasiveness of change with a simple statement: “God is Change.” While several scholars have usefully explicated the religious origins and affective qualities of the Earthseed community, I argue that Earthseed goes further, challenging the 1990s utopian imagination to invent new modes of organization that can work within new social and material realities. As a religion, Earthseed aims at changing humanity as a whole species, a goal so large that it requires radically new models of social and political organizing. In the second novel, Olamina changes Earthseed from a local, sustainable community to a decentralized movement that parasitically draws energy from social ruin. In doing so, Earthseed offers a challenge to the utopian thinking of the 1990s: fidelity to utopian goals requires new methods that can allow a utopian movement to thrive even in the absence of the robust public sphere that supported revolutionary social movements of the 1960s.
Almost Heaven, West Virginia:
Authors: Sanford A. Whitney
Published: November 2015

In 1968, two years after A. C. Bhaktivedanta Prabhupada founded the Hare Krishna Movement, four of his followers set out for Moundsville, West Virginia, to establish New Vrindaban as an ideal, Vedic society organized around devotion to the Hindu deity Krishna. Bhaktivedanta and his devotees envisioned a self-sufficient agrarian society whose food and farming practices would be governed by devotional ritual practice. New Vrindaban was conceived as an experiment in creating a Vedic society in response to the perceived ills of the modern world. This experiment took place through a cultural critique instantiated by experimenting with alternate forms of social and material relations. Today New Vrindaban is a small but thriving community, and devotees still endeavor to achieve Bhaktivedanta's idealized Vedic society through food and farming. This article explores the role of food and farming in the International Society of Krishna Consciousness's Vedic utopia and the extent to which New Vrindaban has realized its utopian ideals.
Buying Babies in Euripides’s Hippolytus
Authors: Ormand Kirk
Published: November 2015

When Hippolytus makes his proposal for buying babies in Eurpides’s drama, it is clear that he does not envisage a commercial exchange. Rather, he proposes dedicating lumps of pure precious metal (gold, bronze, and lead) at temples. His mode of exchange, then, is not to purchase babies with coins but to establish a reciprocal relationship of guest-friendship with the gods. This appeal to elite guest-exchange adds to the characterization of Hippolytus as an aloof aristocrat in the household of the Athenian democratic hero Theseus, a tension of values that is played out through the rest of the drama.
The Seven against Thebes at Eleusis
Authors: Anderson A. Sebastian
Published: November 2015

This paper argues that the myth of the burial of the Seven Against Thebes at Eleusis was not a long-standing Eleusinian tradition with a basis in cult but a relatively late innovation that perhaps appeared first in Aeschylus’s Eleusinians, to which Pindar responded in Olympian 6 and Nemean 9. Euripides’s Suppliants altered the myth by foregoing the burial at Eleusis and having the Seven returned to Argos instead. It is suggested that the treatments of the burial in tragedy reflect contemporary ideology and events in fifth-century Athens.
Seneca and the Modernity of Hamlet
Authors: Perry Curtis
Published: November 2015

This essay reassesses Shakespeare’s engagement with Senecan tragedy, arguing both that Hamlet’s use of the Senecan dramatic tradition is more robust and sophisticated than has hitherto been accepted and also that it is best understood as part of a larger cultural conversation about agency and action in revenge tragedy. The essay therefore offers a revisionary account of the reception of Senecan tragedy in early modern England. In doing so, it also suggests that recovering Shakespeare’s engagement with Seneca may require rethinking Hamlet’s own reception history, since Shakespeare’s play is so often discussed as a key text of emergent modernity.
Case of Civic Company: The Implementation of Enterprise Resource Planning
Authors: Rehman Khan Syed Abdul , Qian Li Dong
Published: November 2015

Many researches before has been completed their research on this topic and many researcher point out this question of misfits between company processes and enterprise systems. This research will look like a slice of the puzzle. When companies should modify their ERP and when companies should modify their processes of business. We are using theorical framework (existing) to impact of technology over companies, this discussion will go towards business strategy and technology fits and misfits. On enterprise resource planning before researches has been conducted, but this research will contribute in-depth study of Enterprise resource planning and it will help and provide advices to managers and academics, would dismiss (local level) complaint of ERP (enterprise resource planning)-driven process changes out of hand. And this article is applying theory (Rockart & Scott Morton Model) for the purpose of evaluating the knowledge of ERP-driven changes to Processes of Company’s business.
A New Approach for License Plate Detection and Localization: Between Reality and Applicability
Authors: Moustafa Akram A. , Mousa Jaradat Mohammed-Issa Riad
Published: November 2015

License Plate Detection and Localization (LPDL) is known to have become one of the most progressive and growing areas of study in the field of Intelligent Traffic Management System (ITMS). LPDL provides assistance by being able to specifically locate a vehicle’s number plate which is an essential part of ITMS, that is used for automatic road tax collection, traffic signals defilement implementation, borders and payments barriers and to monitor unlike activities. Organizations can deploy the number plate detection and recognition system to track their vehicles and to monitor each of them in their vital business activities like inbound and outbound logistics, find the exact location of their vehicles and organize entrance management. A competent algorithm is proposed in this paper for number plate detection and localization based on segmentation and morphological operators. Thus, the proposed algorithm it works on enhancing the quality of the image by applying morphological operators afterwards to segment out license plate from the captured image. No assumptions about the license plate color, style of font, size of text and type of material the plate is made of. The results reveal that the proposed algorithm works perfectly on all kinds of license plates with 93.43% efficiency rate. 
School Administrators Strategies for Combating Corruption in Universities in Nigeria
Authors: Romina Ifeoma Asiyai,
Published: November 2015

The purpose of this study was to examine corruption in universities with the aim of finding out the types/forms, causes, effects and measures for combating the menace. Four research questions guided the investigation. The study is a survey research, ex-post facto in nature. A sample of 780 comprising of students, academic staff and administrative staff was selected through random sampling technique from six public universities in Nigeria. Data collected through the questionnaire was analyzed using descriptive statistics. Findings revealed that the types of corruption prevalent in universities are examination related, admission related, finance related, accreditation related and sexual related. Each of these types of corruption has different forms of manifestations. The causes of corruption in universities included greed, lack of fear of God, and the desire to get rich quick. The effects of corruption and measures for combating it were identified. The study concluded by recommending among others that all stake holders in university education should have a moral reorientation and begin to reverence God by fearing him to help sanitize the universities and create a corruption free learning environment in the university system.
The Influence of Lung Volume Reduction with Intrabronchial Valves on the Quality of Life of Patients with Heterogeneous Emphysema—A Prospective Study
Authors: Szlubowska Sylwia , Zalewska-Puchała Joanna , Majda Anna , Kocoń Piotr , Soja Jerzy , Gnass Maciej , Pasko Ewa , Ćmiel Adam , Szlubowski Artur , Kużdżał Jarosław
Published: November 2015

Introduction: A heterogeneous emphysema is one of the most severe forms of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In some cases, besides the standard pharmacotherapy, a new treatment option of emphysema can be used—bronchoscopic lung volume reduction (BLVR) with the use of intrabronchial valves. Objectives: To examine the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of patients with severe emphysema after intrabronchial valve (IBV) implantation for the treatment of one lung. Materials and Methods: From 2011 to 2013 a single centre prospective observational study was performed. The study assessed the effect of the therapeutic BLVR intervention, measured by St. George Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ). A statistical analysis by use of Wilcoxon test for dependent variables was performed. Results: Twenty patients were enrolled to the study (mean age 63 ± 10 years), all ex-smokers with tobacco exposure 38 ± 11.3 packyears. After 3 months of IBV treatment the average SGRQ score improved significantly in total (–12.8; p < 0.001) and in domains and the differences were for: “symptoms” (–8.5; p < 0.001), “activity” (–13.9; p < 0.001) and “influence on life”(–13.5; p < 0.002). Conclusions: The presented study revealed a significant improvement of the quality in the life measured by SGRQ after IBV treatment for heterogeneous emphysema. For the first time our study showed the significant improvement of all three domains of SGRQ after IBV treatment.
Adherence to Treatment in Asthma and COPD Patients in Their Doctors’ Assessment
Authors: Kardas Przemysław , Lewek Paweł , Strzondała Marcin
Published: November 2015

Introduction: Adherence to therapy is one of the basic preconditions of successful treatment of asthma and COPD. Unfortunately, many patients take their medication incorrectly. The aim of this study was to assess doctors’ knowledge of this phenomenon, including interventions able to improve patient adherence. Materials and Methods: It was a questionnaire-based survey conducted among convenience sample of Polish physicians treating asthma and COPD. Results: One hundred and sixty one physicians, mainly specialists in allergology (44.1%) and pulmonology (37.3%) took part in the study. According to participants, asthma patients took on average 65.4 ± 17.1% of doses of prescribed drugs, whereas COPD patients—61.6 ± 24.2%. Over half of respondents claimed that during the first year of treatment, no more than 20% of asthma and COPD patients discontinue their therapy. Survey participants pointed at patients discourage (41.6%) and lack of knowledge about disease (19.3%) as the main reasons for discontinuation of therapy. Almost 2/3 of participants (65.8%) claimed that they could recognize non-adherence in their patients. Prescribing combination inhaled drugs (72.7%), drugs with infrequent dosing (63.4%), and affordable ones (53.4%) were the most common interventions aimed at improving adherence provided by respondents. Conclusions: Survey participants were aware of the phenomenon of non-adherence in patients with asthma and COPD, but underestimated the real prevalence and seriousness of it. They also overestimated their ability to recognise non-adherence in their patients. Therefore, not necessarily they may obtain better adherence in their asthma and COPD patients. These results point at the issues which should be addressed in pre- and postgraduate education of physicians treating chronic airways conditions.
Atypical Image of Pulmonary Alveolar Proteinosis—A Case Report
Authors: Fijołek Justyna , Wiatr Elżbieta , Opoka Lucyna , Rudziński Piotr , Nierebińska Małgorzata , Szołkowska Małgorzata , Roszkowski-Śliż Kazimierz
Published: November 2015

Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis is a very rare interstitial lung disease caused by abnormal intra-alveolar surfactant accumulation. Usually, it appears as a “crazy-paving” pattern on high-resolution computed tomography. The image is so typical, that together with the characteristic bronchoalveolar lavage examination with presence of Periodic Acid Schiff positive substance is sufficient for establishing diagnosis, without histological confirmation. We present the case of the young woman with severe dyspnoea suspected of acute hypersensitivity pneumonia. The computed tomography showed numerous intralobular nodules uniformly distributed troughout the lungs. Treatment by corticosteroids had no clinical effect and next computed tomography showed progression. Despite the high risk of complications (patient had a respiratory failure), a surgical lung biopsy was performed and the histopathological diagnosis of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis was made. The whole lung lavage procedure performed twice caused regression of radiological lesions and respiratory failure.
Left Brachiocephalic Vein Stenosis and Infectious Aortitis: Two Unusual Causes of Ortner’s Syndrome
Authors: Maskey-Warzęchowska Marta , Dąbrowska Marta , Krenke Rafał , Domeracka-Kołodziej Anna , Żukowska Małgorzata , Chazan Ryszarda
Published: November 2015

Ortner’s syndrome (also known as cardiovocal syndrome) is defined as hoarseness due to compression of the left recurrent laryngeal nerve by an enlarged left atrium or enlarged thoracic vessels. We describe two cases of Ortner’s syndrome with an unusual underlying vascular pathology. In the first patient, Ortner’s syndrome was a consequence of left brachiocephalic vein stenosis resulting in collateral circulation filling the aorto-pulmonary window. The second patient developed a thoracic aortic aneurysm due infectious aortitis. Both patients required careful scrutiny in differential diagnosis because of their complex past medical history and concomitant diseases.
Selected Molecular Events in the Pathogenesis of Sarcoidosis—Recent Advances
Authors: Kiszałkiewicz Justyna , Piotrowski Wojciech , Brzeziańska-Lasota Ewa
Published: November 2015

Sarcoidosis is an orphan inflammatory disorder that can virtually affect any organ or system in the body, although the lungs and lymph nodes are most frequently involved. Sarcoidosis is believed to derive from an interaction between environmental and genetic agents. Many studies emphasize a strong association between certain human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles and sarcoidosis susceptibility. Several new insights have allowed the further evaluation of other candidate genes with a potential function in the immunopathogenesis of sarcoidosis. This review summarizes recent advances in the identification of novel molecular markers that may play a role in different stages of disease, such as the acute phase of inflammation, granuloma formation and fibrosis. Furthermore, this article elucidates the role of both TGF-β/Smad and (HIF)-1a-VEGF-ING-4 signaling pathways in the development of sarcoidosis. The potential epigenetic regulation of the processes occurring in sarcoidosis by miRNA is also discussed.
Uma iniciativa para atrair as estudantes do ensino médio para a Área de Tecnologia da Informação
Authors: Nunes Marina Macedo , Rodrigues Larissa Ferreira , Martinhago Adriana Zanella , Soares Liziane Santos , Reis Rachel Carlos Duque
Published: November 2015

Muitas organizações ao redor do mundo estão voltadas para o tema da minoria das mulheres na área de Tecnologia da Informação - TI. O desenvolvimento dessa área está intimamente ligado ao desenvolvimento da ciência, tecnologia e inovação de qualquer nação ou organização. Contudo a área de TI apresenta uma carência de profissionais capacitados. Se considerarmos a participação feminina neste setor, a carência é ainda mais expressiva. Este trabalho consiste no desenvolvimento de ações visando atrair alunas do ensino médio para a área de Tecnologia da Informação. Durante o ano de 2014, este trabalho realizou diversos encontros em uma escola do ensino médio, incluindo palestras, minicursos e dinâmicas e introduzindo fundamentos da computação e da programação. Essas ações contribuíram para a formação complementar dos estudantes, tornando-os mais preparados para atuar em uma sociedade onde ciência e inovação tem um papel fundamental. Até o momento foi possível observar que trabalho despertou a curiosidade das alunas sobre a área de TI e a maioria delas sinalizou que gostaria de participar de novos projetos focados na área de computação.
Impactos da implantação do sistema informatizado para processo de seleção do PNAES no IFTO Campus Porto Nacional
Authors: Corado Vanessa A. , Cabral Mayara K. F. , Matos Ismael A. , Patrício Paulo Cesar de Sousa , Santos Mara Cleide O. dos
Published: November 2015

Este artigo discute os impactos da implantação de um sistema web criado para auxiliar a distribuição dos recursos do Programa Nacional de Assistência Estudantil(PNAES) entre os estudantes no Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Tocantins, Campus Porto Nacional - IFTO. A análise partiu da ótica dos próprios usuários do sistema (candidatos aos auxílios) e da comissão local da assistência estudantil (responsável pelo processo seletivo). A pesquisa busca apresentar uma reflexão sobre os aspectos positivos e negativos da implantação de sistemas para uso de estudantes de baixa renda.
Chemosequestration in Combustion Engines
Authors: Nwaka Nnamdi A. , Owolabi Olukunle O.
Published: November 2015

Climate change, resulting from combustion of fossil fuels, have become of major concern to the Global community, especially in the last two decades. Fossil fuels no doubt, are indispensable to the economic development of most countries and facilitate better living conditions for teeming populations. Improved efficiencies of combustion engines (internal and external) also present realistic and cost effective opportunities to reduce emissions and complement global efforts that is currently largely focused on the adoption of renewable energy.This paper examines CO2 reductions in combustion engines by the process of Carbonation through the application of the law of Constant composition. We evaluate the mechanical and chemical processes involved in chemosequestration using aqueous solution of Magnesium Silicate (naturally occurring Serpentinite) while defining clearly the conditions for reaction. An initial design and the method of operation for the carsequestor (the sequestration device) are presented after a proper volumetric analysis of a variable case performed under specified conditions. Cost analysis, global emissions reduction estimation and limitations are also discussed. This paper shows that the entire process is feasible and will reduce CO2emissions significantly while maintaining fuel diversity for sustainable growth.
EFFC-DFI Geotechnical Carbon Calculator Project
Authors: Lasne Marine , Large Mary Ellen , Bruni Luca
Published: November 2015

The European Federation of Foundation Contractors (EFFC) and Deep Foundations Institute (DFI) developed a sector-specific carbon accounting methodology and associated "carbon calculator" for foundations and geotechnical works. The EFFC-DFI Carbon Calculator is believed to be one of the construction industry's first collaboratively produced carbon calculator tools for European and international countries based on verifiable and standardized data. It is intended that the tool be adopted internationally and become the open-source industry standard for ground works. A detailed methodological guide is provided with the calculator (Lemaignan and Wilmotte, 2013). This guide explains the background of the standards, accounting methodologies, emission sources and factors that were used as the bases for the tool development and includes detailed guidance on use of the calculator.
Reduce CO2-Oil Miscible Pressure By Injection Man-Made Miscible-Slug to Enhance Oil Recovery
Authors: Sun Shasha , Tang Ligen , Guo Kai , Bai Fengjuan
Published: November 2015

Objectives/Scope: The purpose of this thesis is to reduce CO2-oil minimum miscible pressure (MMP) in CO2 flooding some heavy oil which is difficult to miscible with CO2 in general cases. 2 Methods, Procedures, Process: In order to reduce CO2-oil minimum miscible pressure (MMP), a brave idea of injection miscible-slug instead of pure CO2 into reservoir was proposed, and then several slim-tube tests with different pressures were deployed to acquire the composition of miscible-slug, and a consecutive series of output samples including oil and gas from slim-tube at different injection pore-volume CO2 were collected, composition of every output samples was tested and analyzed by using equipment of liquid phase chromatograph and gas phase chromatograph. 3 Results, Observations, Conclusions: Composition of consecutive output samples at different injection pore-volume CO2 were obtained through the help of gas & oil phase chromatograph, and the result above shows the quit difference between miscible-slug and immiscible-slug. The components with molecular weight lighter than C18 are mainly extracted by CO2 immiscible-slug, while some additional components with molecular weight between C18 and C25 are also extracted by CO2 miscible-slug. Moreover, low-carbon molecules are initially extracted, with the ongoing flooding, higher-carbon molecules are gradually extracted. Based on the composition of consecutive output samples, man-made miscible-slug for the this oil reservoir was made up and the slug PV was amplified used for injection instead of CO2, another slim-tube test using above man-made miscible-slug was deployed again with pressure lower than MMP obtained from above series of slim-tube tests, the result shows a CO2 –oil miscible flooding and the idea of CO2 –oil MMP reduction comes true. 4 Novel/Additive Information: A method of reduction CO2 –oil MMP by injection man-made miscible-slug made up from slim-tube tests was proved, which would improve a lot of oil reservoir immiscible with CO2 into miscible with CO2 under reservoir temperature.
Geothermal Exploitation with Considering CO2 Mineral Sequestration in High Temperature Depleted Gas Reservoir by CO2 Injection
Authors: Cui Guodong , Zhang Liang , Ren Bo , Zhuang Yuan , Li Xin , Ren Shaoran , Wang Xiaohui
Published: November 2015

High temperature depleted gas reservoir has the huge potential of heat mining. In this article, the method of geothermal energy exploitation in high temperature depleted gas reservoir by injection of supercritical CO2 was proposed based on the analysis of thermal properties of supercritical CO2 and the conventional heat transmission fluid-H2O. Meanwhile, reservoir numerical simulations were conducted to analyze the heat mining capacity of supercritical CO2 and related influence factors in high temperature depleted gas reservoir. The results show that this method not only can exploit geothermal energy, but also enhance the gas ultimate recovery and achieve the CO2 geological storage. Compared with the geothermal energy exploitation in water reservoir using water (100?, 35MPa), the method of geothermal energy exploitation in high temperature depleted gas reservoir (100?, 35MPa) using supercritical CO2 can achieve high-speed geothermal energy exploitation (the heat mining capacity of supercritical CO2 is one and half times heat mining capacity of water), and this method can drastically reduce initial investment using the existing well pattern so that the high-efficient development of high temperature gas reservoir can be achieved. Reaction flow simulations in typical gas reservoir were also conducted to analyze the CO2-brine-rock geochemical reactions. The results indicate that CO2 mineral sequestration cannot be ignored in the high temperature gas reservoir, which has a certain effect on CO2 storage and heat transmission. The technology of geothermal energy exploitation in high temperature depleted gas reservoir by injection of supercritical CO2 can further enhance the development value of the gas reservoir and prolongs the gas reservoir working life, which is favorable for the technology progress about geothermal development and CO2 geological storage.
Effect of Impurities in Carbon Dioxide Stream on Phase Behavior for Geological Storage of Carbon Dioxide in Low API Gravity Oil Reservoirs
Authors: Coelho Raphael , Barrufet Maria , Hascakir Berna
Published: November 2015

While previous studies investigate the effect of impure CO2 streams in high and medium API gravity oils, this work focus on reservoirs with low API. This analysis provides additional alternatives for CO2 storage due to the uneconomical exploration and the vast extension of heavy oil resources. CO2 streams (re)injected for storage may contain impurities such as nitrogen, water, and light hydrocarbons, particularly for flue gases and CO2-rich natural. These impurities greatly affect CO2 solubility trapping mechanisms and storage effectiveness. This work investigates the phase behavior of reservoir fluids during injection of CO2 with impurities for storage into two low API gravity oils; 12° (San Ardo heavy oil) to 8.2° (Athabasca extra-heavy bitumen). Numerical studies are conducted using the Peng-Robinson Equation-of-State with Volume-Translation and evaluating Vapor-Liquid and Vapor-Liquid-Liquid equilibria, with rigorously implementation of mutual solubility water-hydrocarbons-CO2. Simulations are conducted at typical reservoir conditions and at high pressure/high temperature synthetic scenarios. The effect of impurity concentration is represented constructing pseudo-ternary diagrams. Results show that C3-CO2 mixtures may achieve miscibility at low pressures. In the presence of N2 and C1 as impurities, miscibility with crude oil was found to be affected negatively. The water presence also affects the solubility.

Introduction

Carbon dioxide (CO2) storage in oil reservoirs is a well-known carbon capture and sequestration (CCS) alternative to reduce the environmental footprint of CO2 emissions [1, 2]. Though high purity CO2 injection is ideal to maximize storage. The industrial activities (e.g. flue gas and CO2-rich natural gas) or carbon capture plants are usually the sources of impure CO2, containing N2, H2, O2, H2S, water, and light hydrocarbons [2, 3, 4, 5, 6]. Such impurities present an economic challenge to CCS as current CO2 capturing technologies to achieve high-purity streams are expensive, costing 12–60 US$/tCO2 and accounting for up to two-thirds of the total CCS project cost [2, 7, 8]. Hence, the impure CO2-rich streams may be disregarded for storage and contribute even further to CO2 emissions if vented or flared.

An alternative is storing these impure gases in their raw state in uneconomic unconventional oil reservoirs. The low API gravity crude oils account for approximately 70% of the world's oil reserves [9]. Mature heavy oil fields not subjected to thermal recovery methods could be a good potential for CCS [10].
Modeling Study on CO2 Capture and Storage in Organic-Rich Shale
Authors: Li Yinghui , Pu Hui
Published: November 2015

Shale reservoirs, with huge oil and gas resources in place, play an important role as energy resources in the world. In the meantime, widely-distributed organic-rich shales are being considered as one of the important carbon sequestration targets. Some studies have been done to characterize rockfluid properties, and flow mechanisms in the shale reservoirs. Most of these studies, through modifying methods used for conventional reservoirs, fail to capture dynamic features of shale rock and fluids. In confined nano-pore space in shale reservoirs, interaction between the wall of shale and the contained fluid significantly affects fluid properties. The incapability to model capillarity with the consideration of imperative pore size distribution characteristics using commercial software may lead to inaccurate results for Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS). This paper presents a novel formulation that consistently evaluates capillary force in the light of using pore size distribution (PSD) directly from core measurements, and develops an adsorption model to achieve a realistic representation of CO2 storage mechanisms. The assumptions in Langmuir isotherm model affect the validity when it is applied to unconventional reservoirs, especially CCUS. An adsorption model was developed to incorporate adsorption behavior using a local density optimization algorithm. Our advances were also designed for multi-component interactions to adsorption sites for a full spectrum of reservoir pressures of interests. This feature allowed us to fully understand the storage and sieving capabilities for CO2 system with remaining reservoir fluids.

Introduction

It is widely regarded that the increasing emission of CO2 and other Greenhouse gases can cause Greenhouse effect and CO2 has been a major challenge to the global climate change. Carbon capture and storage is one of the options under investigation to reduce CO2 emissions in the atmosphere (House et al., 2006; Stefan, 2008). The options for CO2 geological sequestration have been widely investigated and the technical papers and reports are well-documented for almost every aspect of CO2 geological sequestration. Geologic formations have attracted much attention for the purpose of reducing of emission of carbon dioxide to the atmosphere through storing and sequestration process in recent years.
Assisted EOR Screening Approach for CO2 Flooding with Bayesian Classification and Integrated Feature Selection Techniques
Authors: Afra Sardar , Tarrahi Mohammadali
Published: November 2015

Predicting the performance of different enhanced recovery schemes is of high importance due to a need for making feasible and practical operational decisions in reservoir exploitation. Technically, a proper recovery strategy has to be selected in early stage of field development planning. EOR screening criteria are widely employed in order to provide engineers with an appropriate recovery technique corresponding to reservoir and fluid properties. A dependable first order screening evaluation algorithm enables critical decision making on potential enhanced oil recovery strategies with the limited reservoir information. We present and test a novel screening techniques through the means of machine learning and pattern recognition techniques, which are well-established in computer science literature, in order to discriminate between various EOR projects with a special focus on CO2flooding. A comprehensive study is conducted utilizing various classification rules to solve EOR screening problem. Also, the effects of various features which are globally shared within different reservoirs are investigated as well. Well known feature selection methods like Data whitening, feature ranking and dimensionality reduction have been integrated to the process to improve the performance of the classifiers. In order to perform feature selection, some important fluid and reservoir characteristics such as permeability, depth, API, temperature, oil saturation and viscosity are taken into account. The proposed data-driven screening algorithm is a high-performance tool to select an appropriate EOR method such as steam injection, combustion, miscible injection of CO2 and N2, based on aforementioned reservoir and fluid properties. In this innovative approach, we integrate both theoretical screening principles such as Taber criteria and successful field EOR practices worldwide. Not only this algorithm proposes an appropriate EOR method for a specific reservoir condition but it also gives the probability of success or success rate corresponding to each EOR method. In addition, the proposed algorithm is able to address environmental, economical, geographical and technological limitations. The proposed algorithm permits integration of different types of data, eliminates arbitrary approach in making decisions, and provides accuracy and fast computation. The suitability of the proposed method is demonstrated by different synthetic and real field EOR cases. This novel EOR screening method is capable of evaluating the effectiveness of different EOR scenarios given a specific reservoir condition. We showed that the proposed EOR screening algorithm is able to predict the appropriate EOR method correctly in more than 90% of cases. We also ranked the proposed screening algorithms based on their screening performance.