bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
التأويلية عند عبدالمجيد الشرفي
Authors: عماد معن الماجدي م.م. , وسام حسن تويج أ.م.د.
Published: January 2024

تمثّل التأويلية (الهيرمينوطيقا) لدى عبدالمجيد الشرفي منهجاً علمياً ورؤية فكرية يصدر عنها ومن خلالها في معالجة قضايا الفكر الإسلامي، على أساس أنّ التأويلات السابقة للنصّ الديني الإسلامي، والتي ورثناها عن الأجيال الماضية للمسلمين، إنما هي قراءة بشرية للنصّ الديني الأول ومن ثمّ فهي غير مقدسة، وغير ملزمة لنا؛ كونها خاضعة لسياقات تاريخية ثقافية معيّنة، قد تغيّرت فتغيّرت معها مخرجاتها الثقافية التي قرأ المسلمون النصّ الديني على ضوئها.

        ومن هنا يجد الشرفي بأنّ الأجيال المعاصرة ملزمة بتقديم تأويلات جديدة تكون أكثر انسجاماً مع الواقع الراهن للحياة، مع وفائها لثوابت الإسلام التي تمثّلها روح الرسالة الإسلامية ومرتكزات الخطاب القرآني الذي يمثّل النص التأسيسي الأول، والمشترك بين جميع المسلمين تاريخياً وجغرافياً أي أنّه الثابت والمعياري والمقدّس الذي ينطلق من خلاله المسلمون في تعاملهم مع سواه من محاولات الفهم البشري المحدودة والمتغيرة وغير المقدسة بذاتها.
صور الآخر اليهودي في كتاب ألف ليلة وليلة
Authors: نورس هاشم جبر القريشي م.م , مهدي مقدسي نیا د.
Published: January 2024

تحاول هذه الدراسة كشف صورة اليهود في كتاب ألف ليلة وليلة وذلك بغية معرفة مكونات صورتهم وموقف المسلمین تجاههم من جهة ومدی تطور هذه الصورة أثناء مختلف العصور التي خرجت أجزاء الكتاب إلی النور.
معتمدین علی منهج وصفي تحليلي، رکز الباحثان علی أهم القصص التي تظهر فيها شخصيات يهودية. تشير النتائج إلی أن المعلومات الواردة في الکتاب عن الیهود تتوافق مع ما تضمه مختلف المصادر التاريخية عنهم. فيما يتعلق بأماكن تواجدهم، فإنه لا یوجد یهودي یعیش في الریف أو یزاول الزراعة. أما عن مهنهم، فنجدهم أطباء وتجار وعمال الحكومة في الصعید المالي. أما التطور الحاصل في مجال مهن اليهود يتمثل في عدم اشتغالهم بالطب إلا في العصور الإسلامية الأولی. هناك معلومات عن الظروف الاجتماعية لليهود كملابسهم (التي کانت باللون الأصفر) ومراكبهم (التي كانت دون الحصان). لم يتم الإشارة إلی مزاولة اليهود السحر إلا في الأجزاء الأخيرة من الكتاب فالأجزاء الأولی تكاد تخلو من أي إشارة إلی اهتمام هذه الشريحة إلی السحر والشعوذة.
يدل ما ورد في الكتاب عن العلاقة بین الیهود والمسلمین علی وجود مشروع لشيطنة المسلمين وتصويرهم كأشخاص يطمحون في سلب ما لدی اليهود ويسمحون لأنفهسم أن يقتلوا اليهودويحرقوا أجسادهم ولكن اليهود يريدون من المسلمين احترام خصوصيتهم فحسب. انهميحسنون إلی المسلمين ولكننا لا نجد موقفا يحسن شخص مسلم إلی يهودي. عن القواسم المشتركة بين اليهود المصورين في القرآن وهذا الكتاب، يجب القول ان كليهما أشارا إلی حب المال والخوف الذي يشعرون به عند مواجهة موقف محرج ولكننا لا نجد توافقا أكثر بين المصدرین.
PENGARUH FINANCIAL DISTRESS, UKURAN PERUSAHAAN, DAN LEVERAGE TERHADAP PEMBERIAN OPINI AUDIT GOING CONCERN
Authors: Bulutoding Lince
Published: January 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji bagaimana Financial distress, Ukuran Perusahaan dan Leverage mempengaruhi opini audit going concern. Financial distress, ukuran perusahaan, dan Leverage merupakan variabel independen penelitian, sedangkan opini audit going concern merupakan variabel dependennya. Analisis keuangan perusahaan sektor manufaktur tahun 2018–2021 yang telah diaudit merupakan data sekunder yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling, sampel dipilih berdasarkan kriteria yang telah ditentukan, sehingga diperoleh total 172 sampel dari 43 organisasi yang memenuhi persyaratan. Metode analisis regresi logistik diterapkan dalam penelitian ini. Menurut temuan penelitian, Financial Distress, Ukuran Perusahaan dan Leverage memiliki dampak yang cukup menguntungkan terhadap Going Concern Audit Opinion.
Akuntabilitas Pengelolaan Keuangan Masjid Nurul Taqwa berdasarkan psak 45
Authors: Bulutoding Lince
Published: January 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui akuntabilitas pengelolaan keuangan pada masjid dan melihat metode pencatatan laporan keuangan untuk organisasi nirlaba menurut PSAK 45 pada masjid Nurul Taqwa Takalar. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif. Fenomena yang terjadi belum adanya penguatan organisasi kepengurusan, dan belum memahami model pencacatan PSAK 45. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pengurus masjid Nurul Taqwa memaknai akuntabilitas merupakan bentuk pertanggungjawaban pengurus terhadap amanah dan kepercayaan yang diberikan dalam mengelola keuangan masyarakat dan jamaah dengan melakukan pencatatan penerimaan dan pengeluaran kas. Terkait PSAK 45, pengurus masjid belum melakukan pencatatan keuangan masjid berdasarkan PSAK 45 dikarenakan standar tersebut diakui belum pernah didengar oleh pengurus masjid, sehingga mereka hanya melakukan pencatatan secara sederhana.
Pengaruh Motivasi Kerja dan Kepemimpinan Transformasional Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Pada Dinas Pendidikan Pemuda dan Olahraga Kabupaten Kaimana
Authors: Warinussy Stepanus L. , Rante Yohanes , Erari Anita
Published: January 2024

At the Kaimana Regency Youth and Sports Education Office it is known that there are still many employees who have less than optimal performance. The problems studied in this study are (1) How is work motivation, transformational leadership, and employee performance, (2) How much influence does work motivation have on employee performance, (3) How much influence does transformational leadership have on employee performance, (4) Is work motivation and transformational leadership simultaneously have an influence on employee performance. The purpose of this research is to (1) find out how work motivation, transformational leadership, and employee performance, (2) analyze the influence of work motivation and transformational leadership on employee performance partially or simultaneously. Data collection methods used are documentation and questionnaires. The analytical method used is instrument test (validity test and reliability test), percentage descriptive analysis, classic assumption test, multiple regression analysis, coefficient of determination, and hypothesis testing using SPSS 15 for Windows. The research results obtained multiple linear regression equation Y = 5.854 + 0.276 X1 + 0.431 X2. The result of the coefficient of determination (Adjusted R Square) is 0.509 meaning that 50.9% of the performance variable is influenced by work motivation and transformational leadership and the remaining 49.1% is influenced by other variables outside the research.
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF NAZHIR'S DIRECT UNDERSTANDING OF WAQF
Authors: SARMADI AHMAD
Published: January 2024

This research discusses the level of understanding of nazirs (trustees) regarding cash waqf andits implementation in the Islamic economy. Through a literature review, data was collected fromvarious relevant sources, and the analysis results indicate that the nazirs' understanding of cashwaqf is still low. The low level of understanding hinders the independent implementation of cashwaqf due to a lack of adequate information and education. This research also shows that the lowlevel of understanding can reduce public trust in waqf management institutions. The potential ofcash waqf in Indonesia has not been fully realized, despite the increase in cash waqf receipts anddisbursements. To improve public understanding of cash waqf, measures such as education andcampaigns, collaboration with Islamic financial institutions, involvement of religious scholarsand communities, effective communication approaches, engagement of educational institutions,transparency and accountability, as well as building networks and collaborations can be taken.With these steps, it is expected that the understanding and participation of the community inimplementing cash waqf can be enhanced, which in turn will support the development of theIslamic economy in Indonesia
PAJAK DALAM PERSPEKTIF ISLAM DAN HUBUNGANNYA DENGAN PENERAPAN PAJAK DI INDONESIA
Authors: Fakhri M. Miftach
Published: January 2024

Pajak adalah penyerahan pembayaran dari sektor swasta kepada negara, berdasarkan Undang-Undang dan gunanya untuk membiayai pengeluaran umum. Pada masa Nabi saw. tidak diterapkan pemungutan pajak dilihat dari ketidaktersediaan hadis-hadis tentang perkara tersebut. Pajak sebenarnya diwajibkan bagi orang-orang non muslim kepada pemerintahan Islam sebagai bayaran jaminan keamanan. Penelitian ini menggunakan studi kepustakaan dengan metode kualitatif dalam pajak dalam perspektif islam dan hubungannya dengan penerapan pajak di Indonesia. Di dalam kehidupan masyarakat yang majemuk seperti di Indonesia, hal ini senantiasa menjadi dilema dimana di satu sisi menghendaki diterapkannya syariat Islam secara utuh, dan di sisi lain pajak dipandang perlu untuk diberlakukan sebagai upaya memenuhi kepentingan negara dalam membangun kesejahteraan seluruh masyarakatnya. Pajak diwajibkan hanya kepada kaum muslimin yang kaya.
PENGARUH PERBANKAN SYARIAH TERHADAP PEREKONOMIAN DI INDONESIA
Authors: Yuniar Ashey
Published: January 2024

Penelitian ini membahas tentang pengaruh perbankan syariah terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi di Indonesia. Melalui pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode fenomenologi, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami fenomena perbankan syariah dan dampaknya terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi. Data dikumpulkan melalui studi literatur dan analisis triangulasi data.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perbankan syariah memiliki peran penting dalam mendukung pembangunan nasional dan meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat. Meskipun pertumbuhan ekonomi Indonesia telah mengalami variasi, perbankan syariah diharapkan dapat menjadi alternatif yang memajukan, memelihara, dan mengembangkan layanan perbankan berdasarkan prinsip-prinsip hukum Islam.Implikasi dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa perbankan syariah dapat menjadi pilihan bagi masyarakat yang ingin bertransaksi sesuai dengan prinsip syariah Islam. Bank syariah juga dapat menjadi pesaing bagi bank konvensional dalam menarik nasabah yang lebih memilih layanan sesuai dengan prinsip syariah. Dengan demikian, pertumbuhan perbankan syariah diharapkan dapat memberikan kontribusi positif terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi nasional secara inklusif.Kata kunci: perbankan syariah, pertumbuhan ekonomi, prinsip syariah, pembangunan nasional, kesejahteraan masyarakat.
Social background of social engineers (Special 8)
Authors: Akmut Camille
Published: January 2024

(Special supp. to the History of computer science and technology)
Analisis Penerapan Sistem Informasi Akuntansi Dalam Meningkatkan Penjualan Di Browcyl Pisang Makassar
Authors: Bulutoding Lince
Published: January 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penerapan sistem informasi akuntansi di Brausil Brownie Banana Makassar dan peran sistem informasi akuntansi dalam meningkatkan penjualan di Brausil Brownie Banana Makassar.Data yang digunakan penulis merupakan data primer berupa wawancara, dokumen, dan observasi.Analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis deskriptif kualitatif.Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, sistem modern terhubung ke seluruh departemen, sehingga bekerja lebih cepat dan memastikan pengiriman produk ke toko tepat waktu sesuai standar yang berlaku, sehingga meningkatkan penjualan.Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat bermanfaat.Memperbaiki struktur penjualan dan mengoptimalkan kinerja karyawan
THE INFLUENCE OF TEAMWORK AND WORK DISCIPLINE ON THE PERFORMANCE OF EMPLOYEES OF THE OPERATIONAL DIVISION OF PT MUSTIKA ALAM LESTARI TANJUNG PRIOK, NORTH JAKARTA
Authors: SARMADI AHMAD
Published: January 2024

The Effect of Teamwork and Work Discipline on Employees of the Operational Division of PT Mustika Alam Lestari Tanjung Priok, North Jakarta, employee performance problems must be resolved, the purpose of this study is to determine the effect of cooperation on employee performance, the effect of work discipline on employee performance and the simultaneous effect of cooperation team and work discipline on employee performance, quantitative research methods with descriptive approaches used to describe more informative data, random sampling techniques to determine the sample of this study as many as 68 respondents, the results of this study indicate that teamwork as a joint effort in achieving work goalsin one operational division so as to achieve performance, as evidenced by the results of this study that there is an effect of teamwork (X1) on employee performance (Y) of 0.597 or 35.64%. Work discipline as a limit to employee behavior in carrying out work that must be achieved by work not from so that it can achieve employee performance, as evidenced by the results of research that the effect of work discipline (X2) on employee performance (Y) is 0.745 or 55.5% and there is the effect of cooperation team (X1) and work discipline (X2) simultaneously on employee performance (Y) of 56.85%
Pengaruh Penerapan E-Kinerja dan Tunjangan Kinerja terhadap Kinerja di Mediasi Motivasi Kerja Pada Pegawai di Balai Pengkajian Teknologi Pertanian (BPTP) Papua
Authors: Karrang Yohanis T. , Tuhumena Ruben , Syauta Jack
Published: January 2024

This study aims at the effect of implementing e-performance and performance allowances on performance in the mediation of work motivation in employees at the Agricultural Technology Assessment Center (BPTP) Papua. Research Objectives: 1. Effect of e-performance on work motivation, 2. Effect of performance allowances on employee motivation, 3. Effect of work motivation on employee performance, 4. Direct and indirect effects of e-performance through intervening work motivation on employee performance, 5. The direct and indirect effects of performance allowances through intervening work motivation on the performance of employees of the Papua Agricultural Technology Study Center. The number of samples is 41 people, the sampling technique uses saturated samples. Test the direct effect hypothesis and the Sobel test with SPSS 23. The results of the study: 1. E-performance has a positive and significant effect on employee motivation at AIAT Papua. 2 Performance Allowances have a positive and significant effect on employee motivation at BPTP Papua. 3 Work motivation has a positive and significant effect on employee performance. 4 E-Performance directly has no significant positive effect on employee performance, while indirectly e-Performance through Work Motivation has a significant effect on employee performance at AIAT Papua. 5 Performance Allowances directly have a significant positive effect on BPTP Papua employee performance, while indirectly Performance Allowances through work motivation have a significant effect on BPTP Papua employee performance.
PENERAPAN SAK ETAP DALAM SISTEM AKUNTANSI
Authors: Bulutoding Lince
Published: January 2024

Pelaporan keuangan merupakan salah satu jenis pertanggungjawaban manajemen perusahaan kepada pemangku kepentingan eksternal dan internal. Karena laporan keuangan penting dari segi kegunaannya, maka laporan tersebut harus dibuat berdasarkan standar yang berlaku agar dapat ditafsirkan oleh pengguna yang memiliki konsep dan pemahaman yang sama.Penerapan Standar Akuntansi Keuangan Badan Usaha Tanpa Akuntabilitas Publik (SAK ETAP) di lingkungan Usaha Kecil dan Menengah (UKM). Sebagai standar akuntansi independen, SAK ETAP dimaksudkan untuk memberikan fleksibilitas penerapan dan kemudahan akses pembiayaan bank bagi usaha kecil dan menengah. Pentingnya pelaporan keuangan sesuai standar seperti SAK ETAP digambarkan dengan sejumlah manfaat, antara lain evaluasi kinerja, pemantauan keuangan, dan transfer dana ke bank dan investor. Namun, terdapat hambatan dalam memahami SAK ETAP, kurangnya sosialisasi, dan perlunya dukungan intensif. Jurnal ini juga merinci tujuan dan sumber data pelaporan keuangan, serta aktivitas manajemen, hubungan dengan pihak ketiga (Bank), dan keterlibatan universitas dan pemangku kepentingan. Dalam kacamata Ikatan Akuntan Indonesia, pelaporan keuangan sesuai dengan prinsip TAAT (Ketertiban, Akurasi, Akuntabilitas, Transparansi dan Keterbukaan) dan penting untuk kegiatan manajemen, hubungan dengan pihak ketiga, dukungan dan sinergi program pemerintah. Menyoroti pentingnya pelaporan keuangan dalam mendukung keberlanjutan dan pengembangan UKM menekankan pentingnya penerapan Sak Etap. Tinjauan ini mencakup aspek-aspek utama dari diskusi dan memberikan gambaran lengkap mengenai implikasi dan tantangan penerapan SAK ETAP di UKM.
Aggregation - Disaggregation Cycles in ERA 5 Reanalysis
Authors: Maithel Vijit , Back Larissa
Published: January 2024

Understanding convective aggregation is very important for understanding tropical climate and climate sensitivity. However, we still lack a full understanding of how aggregation evolves in the real world or what phenomena and scales are analogous to the self-aggregation observed in idealized models. In this study, we apply the moist static energy (MSE) variance budget framework to ERA5 reanalysis data to study the evolution of large-scale aggregation over tropical oceans at basin wide scales. Our novel phase space diagnostics focuses on the variability of observed aggregation compared to most previous self-aggregation studies, which focus more on the aggregated mean state. We visualize observed aggregation to evolve anomalously around a mean state in a cyclical fashion forming aggregation - disaggregation cycles. We find horizontal advection of MSE to play the primary role in determining when the domain aggregates or disaggregates. In contrast, all advective, radiative and surface flux feedbacks are found important for determining the magnitude of the aggregation anomalies. Surface fluxes and horizontal advection tend to dampen aggregation anomalies, while radiative fluxes and vertical advection tend to amplify aggregation anomalies. Looking deeper into the advection terms, we find that changes in vertical advection are dominated by an enhanced low level subsidence over the dry regions during the more aggregated states. This creates an anomalous drying tendency over the dry regions, which maintains aggregation anomalies. In contrast, horizontal advection changes are found to be dominated by increased moisture advection out of the moist columns with stronger aggregation.
A retrieved context model of serial recall and free recall
Authors: Lohnas Lynn J.
Published: January 2024

A full characterization of memory must include how participants use exogenous and endogenous cues to guide retrieval. In free recall, in which endogenous cues play a large role, retrieved context theories have emerged as a leading explanation of data on the dynamics of memory search (Lohnas & Healey, 2021). More recently, Logan and colleagues have advanced a retrieved context model to explain data on serial recall and motor production (Logan, 2021; Logan & Cox, 2021; Logan, 2018; Logan & Cox, 2023). Comparisons of recall transitions have further highlighted similarities among these tasks (e.g., Bhatarah et al., 2008; Golomb et al., 2008). Here I evaluate retrieved context theory’s ability to simultaneously account for data from these classic recall procedures. I show how a serial version of the context maintenance and retrieval model (termed sCMR) can account for dissociations between serial position curves and temporal clustering effects. I also show how sCMR can account for grouping effects in serial recall, extending the assumptions of grouping from free recall (Lohnas et al., 2023). The sCMR model provides a common theoretical framework to harmonize the disparate phenomena studied using these classic memory procedures, but also reveals the distinctions between serial and free recall through their relative dependence on different model-based mechanisms.
Reproducing the Psychedelic Experience: “One of the 5 Most Meaningful Experiences in Life”?
Authors: Kajonius Petri , Sjöström David
Published: January 2024

In the midst of burgeoning research and societal debate regarding the impact of psychedelics on well-being, one key statistic stands out: Most users rate the psychedelic experience as one of the most meaningful in life. The present study aimed to investigate this using a questionnaire for the first time among Swedish psychedelic users. Results: The results showed that 58% regarded the psychedelic experience as one of the top 5 and 85% regarded it as one of the top 10 most meaningful events in life. 94% ascribed improvement in life due to the experience. These experiences were described as challenging and 4.5% also reported negative effects. Personality and setting factors such as having high openness, a personal growth motive, and having support from family and friends further improved the experience. We discuss that due to methodological limitations, self-report, and cross-sectional design, there is still uncertainty in impact of psychedelics on well-being.
How to deal with regression to the mean when selecting out conscious trials in order to analyse unconscious trials
Authors: Dienes Zoltan
Published: January 2024

in press in Psychology of Consciousness: Theory, Research, and Practice: In implicit cognition research generally, one standard strategy is to measure the conscious status of knowledge on each trial (e.g. with confidence, structural knowledge attributions, visual clarity ratings) and then sub-select the trials where the knowledge is measured to be unconscious. If the accuracy is above chance on the latter trials that is taken to be evidence for unconscious knowledge. David Shanks (2017) has pointed out the problem of regression to the mean when trials (or people) are sub-selected based on a variable: Because of the ubiquitous possibility of error in measurement, the estimated value of the variable for the sub-set selected based on pre-selection scores will be biased. Thus, for example, trials selected to be based on unconscious knowledge will actually sometimes be based on conscious knowledge to an extent that can be estimated by the proportion of conscious trials in the study as a whole. Does this critique undermine the separate analyses of categories obtained on every trial, such as structural knowledge attributions in implicit learning research, or confidence or PAS ratings in subliminal perception research? I show how to quantify the maximum effect that could be produced by regression to the mean in a given situation, how it may be a problem but it may also be so small as to be meaningless, and how to deal with it when it is of a moderate size, using Bayes factors with an interval null hypothesis. The method deals with regression to the mean, but not all problems of bias.
Perfusion index as a predictor of hypotension following induction of general anaesthesia with propofol-An observational study
Authors: Rithwik K Rajeev  , Aswathy S  , Vrinda M  , Yedudev SB
Published: January 2024

Background: Perfusion index (PI) is a somewhat novel parameter evaluating the pulsatility of blood in the extremities, calculated using the infrared spectrum as a component of plethysmography waveform processing.
Aims and Objectives: To obtain a cutoff value of pre-anesthesia PI, which may be helpful for the prediction of hypotension following anesthetic induction with propofol.
Materials and Methods: This descriptive observational research was carried out at the Sree Gokulam medical college and research foundation, Venjaramoodu, Trivandrum, Kerala, from June 2020 to June 2021. A total of 174 patients of age group 17–60 years, with ASA 1 or 2 scheduled for surgery under general anesthesia, were included. The parameters (systolic blood pressure [SBP], diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure, PI, and SPO2) were recorded until 5 min of induction. Intravenous (IV) fentanyl 2 μg/kg was administered, propofol injected was given slowly at a rate of 10 mg per every 5 s, titrated to loss of verbal communication responseuronium 0.1 mg/kg IV was administered. The calculation for hypertension was done 5 min after anesthesia. The predictive validity of PI was calculated, keeping SBP as the standard gold test. For statistical analysis coGuide software.
Results: The cutoff value for PI at 5 min was low (≤2.45) for 27 (90%) participants and high (>2.45) for 3 (10%) participants. With a sensitivity of 90% in predicting hypotension and specificity of 87.50%, false-positive rate was 12.50%, false-negative rate was 10, positive predictive value was 60% (95 CI 44.43–74.30%), the negative predictive value (NPV) was 97.67%, and the total diagnostic accuracy was 87.93%.
Conclusion: With the current study’s findings, we conclude that PI cutoff value 2.45 can be used to predict hypotension following anesthetic induction with propofol. It has a high NPV with fair diagnostic accuracy.
Histopathological study of heart and cardiac vessels in autopsy cases from tertiary health-care center
Authors: Kavitha Muniraj  , Vincy TM  , Boopathy Teleflo , Prakasam Gowri , Gowsalya Kannan
Published: January 2024

Background: Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease causing more morbidity and mortality in developed as well as in developing countries. Among Indians, atherosclerotic lesions occur 10–15 years earlier, and the lesions are formed in the advanced stage. It is difficult and expensive to evaluate the atherosclerotic lesions in living subjects. Atherosclerosis of cardiac vessels and myocardial infarction are the most common fatal cardiac diseases discovered in autopsies. The incidence of coronary artery diseases is increasing worldwide as well as in India, which carries a huge challenge in diagnosing the same.
Aims and Objectives: The aims and objectives are to study the spectrum of histopathological findings in heart and atherosclerotic lesions in cardiac vessels in autopsy cases.
Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective study done in the Department of Pathology at Government Kilpauk Medical College and Hospital over a period of 1 year (March 2022–December 2022). In this study, a total of 100 autopsy cases were taken to study the pathology of the heart and the grading of atherosclerotic lesions in cardiac vessels. Heart specimens were received from the Forensic Medicine Department. The atherosclerotic lesions of cardiac vessels were graded according to the American Heart Association (AHA) classification.
Results: Among 100 cases studied during a period of 1 year, most of the cases were in the age group of 30–41 years. Male preponderance was noted when compared to females. Out of 100 cases, 79 cases had histopathological evidence of atherosclerosis, and other findings were as follows: one case of giant cell myocarditis, one case of pericarditis, and one case of adenocarcinoma of the lung extending into the coronary vessels. The most common type of atherosclerotic lesion seen was type 7 AHA, most frequently involving the aorta, followed by both coronary ostia and the left anterior descending artery.
Conclusion: In this study, atherosclerotic lesions were observed very frequently in younger individuals. It is an indication for the implementation of antiatherogenic preventive measures in young populations. It highlights the importance of screening for cardiovascular risk factors at an early age.
Nalbuphine as an adjuvant to bupivacaine in ultrasound-guided brachial plexus blockade: A meta-analysis of randomized and controlled trials
Authors: Rajesh Kumar  , Jaiswal Apoorva
Published: January 2024

The brachial plexus block is a flexible and reliable regional anesthetic method with a wide range of applications. In this study, we aim to determine whether nalbuphine in combination with the local anesthetic bupivacaine could increase the efficacy and duration of analgesia during ultrasound-guided blockade of the brachial plexus. Seven randomized and controlled trials involving 416 patients were included after searching PubMed, Google, and Web of Science. Results of the studies were then retrieved and effect sizes were calculated using Review Manager 5. Duration of analgesia was significant heterogeneity between studies (P<0.00001, I2=96%). A random-effects model was used, and there was significant heterogeneity between studies in the duration of analgesia. A significant difference was found between groups (standard mean difference [MD] 6.27, confidence interval [CI] [4.40–8.60], P<0.001). Duration of motor block was also significant heterogeneity between studies (P<0.00001, I2=98%). A random-effects model was used, and there was significant heterogeneity between studies in the duration of motor block. A significant difference was found between groups (standard MD 6.27, CI [4.01–8.54], P<0.001). In supraclavicular brachial plexus blockade, the duration of analgesia and the duration of motor blockade can be prolonged using nalbuphine as an adjuvant with bupivacaine.
Outcome of delayed versus immediate casting on spasticity of lower limb muscles in cerebral palsy post-botulinum toxin injection
Authors: Suraj Kumar Choudhary K  , Naveen Babu T  , Susmith K  , Naveen Kumar P  , Jagadesh G
Published: January 2024

Background: Botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) is widely used to treat spasticity in children. The optimal strategy for the combined treatment of casting and BTX-A injections is not known. This prospective study is conducted to know the functional outcome of immediate versus delayed casting post-BTX-A injection in children with cerebral palsy (CP).
Aims and Objectives: The aim of this study is to compare delayed versus immediate casting as an adjunct to botulinum toxin therapy for spasticity of lower limb muscles in CP. The objectives of the study are to test the hypothesis that delayed casting is superior to immediate casting post-botulinum toxin injection and to know the feasibility of using the Edinburgh visual gait score (EVGS) as a single qualitative and quantitative outcome measure.
Materials and Methods: A prospective study is conducted to compare immediate casting with delayed casting post-botulinum toxin injection to spastic lower limb muscles in patients with CP from July 2018 to February 2019. Inclusion criteria: A diagnosis of CP with associated spastic monoplegia, diplegia, or hemiplegia with aided or unaided ambulation. Exclusion criteria: History of orthopedic surgery in the preceding 12 months; selective dorsal rhizotomy; mixed CP; ataxia; athetosis; non-ambulatory subjects.
Results: The botulinum toxin injection + delayed POP casting group fared better in terms of clinical and functional outcome (as shown by improved EVGS scores) in our study.
Conclusion: There is a clear benefit in delaying casting after the injection of Botulinum toxin in the recurrence of spasticity.
A case of cirsoid aneurysm: Case report
Authors: Jolly Sinha  , Avdhesh Shukla  , Vivek Kumar Kankane  , Avinash Sharma  , Kundan Kumar
Published: January 2024

Scalp cirsoid aneurysm is an arteriovenous fistula of the scalp that is usually unconnected by intracranial or cerebral vessels. Variceal dilatation of draining veins can produce cosmetic concerns, masses, local pain, palpable thrills, audible bruits, headache, tinnitus, and torrential hemorrhage. Its etiopathogenesis is not well understood. Treatment includes surgery (fistula repair by simple surgical ligation until gross total resection), embolization (whether percutaneous or endovascular), or a combination of the two. Here is a case report of a 40-year-old male patient who had right superficial temporal artery cirsoid aneurysm who underwent surgical ligation with complete excision of the lesion.
A comparative study of low-pressure pneumoperitoneum versus standard-pressure pneumoperitoneum in laparoscopic cholecystectomy in tertiary care center
Authors: Ramesh Chandra Arun  , Kuldeep Kumar
Published: January 2024

Background: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the gold standard management of symptomatic cholelithiasis. We try to use low-pressure pneumoperitoneum (LPP) to study the effect of pneumoperitoneum in the duration of surgery, field of visualization with providing sufficient work space for surgeon, and post-operative shoulder pain and hospital stay in laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
Aims and Objectives: The aims and objectives of the study are to compare outcomes in LPP versus standard-pressure pneumoperitoneum (SPP) with respect to duration of surgery, CO2 consumption, field of visualization, and surgical difficulties to convert SPP or open cholecystectomy and post-operative shoulder pain and hospital stay.
Materials and Methods: The prospective randomized study was conducted in tertiary care center, Government Medical College, Banda, Uttar Pradesh from July 2021 to October 2022. All consented 100 patients after randomization were allotted into two groups.
Results: In our study, the mean duration of surgery surgical difficulties to convert open and standard pressure and difficulty in field visualization insignificant is more in LPP as compared to SPP but CO2 consumption, post-operative shoulder pain, and mean hospital stay is less in LPP as compared to SPP.
Conclusion: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy in LPP is safe and feasible. Field visualization, conversion rate, and duration of surgery are affected non-significantly because depend on the expertise of surgeon but shoulder pain, CO2 consumption, and hospital stay are less in LPP.
Application of shock index-based classification in hypovolemic shock due to obstetric hemorrhage and its comparison with conventional vital sign for prediction of adverse maternal outcome
Authors: Najma Malik  , Sarita Bhasker  , Vani Aditya  , Ruma Sarkar
Published: January 2024

Background: At least, 358,000 women worldwide die annually from pregnancy and childbirth-related problems. Obstetric hemorrhage is the single most significant cause of maternal mortality worldwide accounting for 25–30% of all maternal deaths.
Aims and Objectives: The objective of the study is to see the usefulness/importance of shock index (SI) in obstetric hemorrhage (antepartum and post-partum hemorrhage) and to compare the performance of SI with conventional vital signs for prediction of maternal outcome.
Materials and Methods: The descriptive study was conducted in 100 cases of hemorrhagic shock patients admitted in obstetrics and gynecology at Baba Raghav Das Medical College, Gorakhpur, between June 2020 and May 2021, on 100 subjects.
Results: In our study, there were 100 patients. Patients with SI 0.6 to <1 were included in Group I which comprises 26% patients in which 57.69% patients required only intravenous (IV) fluid, while 30.77% patients needed blood transfusion. Patients with SI>1 were included in Group II which comprises 74% patients in which all patients required initial resuscitation with IV fluid and then blood transfusion, 21.62% patients require inotropic support, and 9.46% patients needed fresh frozen plasma transfusion. Maternal outcome in Group I patients is that only 15.38% patients required emergency lower segment cesarean section (LSCS). While in Group II, 28.95% patients required emergency LSCS, 5.26% patients required intensive care unit (ICU) admission for ventilator support, 3.95% went for cesarean hysterectomy, while 2.63% patients landed in end organ failure and expired.
Conclusion: All patients with obstetric hemorrhage with SI>1 should receive immediate intervention such as blood transfusion need of ICU or surgical intervention. This is higher than the upper limit of normality in non-pregnant population. In low-resource settings, this simple parameter could improve outcomes because it has a significant ability to predict adverse maternal outcomes of hemorrhage.
Method comparison: Statistical measurement correlation or agreement-most appropriate tool?
Authors: Tripathi Chandra Bhushan , Jha Puja Kumari , Agarwal Rachna
Published: January 2024

In laboratory, a reliable method is very important to report precise and accurate results which are very important for clinical diagnosis and management decisions. In case the existing method needs to be replaced by new method due to poor results or financial issues, method comparison of a new measurement system/method with an established/referral method is required to see whether they agree sufficiently for the new to replace the old method or use the two interchangeably. Most commonly Pearson’s product-moment correlation is used to ascertain whether two methods agree sufficiently so that the old method can be replaced by a new method. However, it is the most inappropriate method with number of limitations. In this paper, other methods are discussed with their merits and demerits with examples.
An analytical longitudinal observational study on the association of Vitamin D insufficiency in subjects with primary (idiopathic) demyelinating optic neuritis using visual evoked potential and optical coherence tomography
Authors: Nirja Agasti  , Amar Kumar Misra  , Mandal Manamita , Bijendra Mohanty  , Soumit Roy  , Joydeep Mukherjee  , Jasodhara Chaudhuri
Published: January 2024

Background: Optic neuritis (ON) is an acute and often immune-mediated inflammatory condition of the optic nerve. Vitamin D acts as an anti-inflammatory agent and may confer neuroprotection. Visual evoked potential (VEP) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) are emerging tools for demyelinating diseases.
Aims and Objectives: We tried to correlate between Vitamin D insufficiency and acute demyelinating ON using different parameters such as VEP, ganglion cell layer (GCL) thickness, and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness.
Materials and Methods: This observational longitudinal analytical study included thirty non-consecutive patients with primary ON and 30 healthy controls. All patients with ON underwent detailed clinical and ophthalmological examination, and detailed blood workup, including serum 25 (OH) Vitamin D. VEP P100 latency, amplitude, OCT, RNFL thickness, and GCL thickness at presentation and after 3 months from May 2019 to November 2020.
Results: Vitamin D insufficiency (below 30 ng/mL) was present in 60% of cases of ON. The baseline VEP showed significantly prolonged P100 latency in affected eyes in the Vitamin D insufficient group (mean 129.78±7.97 ms vs. 121.0±4.99 ms) whereas the P100 amplitude was not significantly altered between the two groups (5.5±3.13 μV vs. 7.08±3.01 μV). The baseline RNFL thickness (132.21±10.69 μm vs. 118.01±10.4 μm) and GCL thickness (76.82±2.04 μm vs. 73.06±3.2 μm) were greater in affected eyes of vitamin D insufficiency ON. There was greater RNFL thinning (79.93±3.42 μm vs. 74.80±3.5 μm) and GCL thinning (64.78±1.9μm vs. 69.02±2.22 μm) in affected eyes of ON with Vitamin D insufficiency at 3 months.
Conclusion: Vitamin D insufficiency was found in most cases of ON. Insufficient Vitamin D positively correlated with optic nerve affection severity as evidenced by significantly increased baseline thickness of RNFL and GCL and more thinning of RNFL and GCL at the end of 3 months of follow-up.
Immunohistochemical analysis of epidermal growth factor receptor as a predictive biomarker in lung adenocarcinoma – A cross-sectional study of 33 cases on computed tomography-guided core needle biopsy specimens
Authors: Sajeeb Mondal  , Sankha Chatterjee  , Mrinal Sikder  , Rajashree Pradhan
Published: January 2024

Background: Lung cancer is the second most common cause of cancer in all ages and both genders and is the leading cause of cancer death. Two major groups of lung cancers are – small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) and non-SCLC (NSCLC). Due to discovery of driver mutation such as epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation in NSCLC, the paradigm of lung cancer therapy has shifted from cytotoxic platinum based therapy to tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy. In this study, we have analyzed EGFR expression in NSCLC by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and studied the response to TKI therapy in terms of progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS).
Aims and Objectives: In this study, we have retrospectively analyzed the EGFR overexpression in adenocarcinoma of lung in core needle biopsy (CNB) specimen by IHC analysis and correlated with the therapeutic response and survival rate (OS and PFS) in lung carcinoma patients.
Materials and Methods: We have analyzed retrospectively EGFR expression in lung adenocarcinoma cases (computed tomography-guided CNB specimen) by IHC. In our study, we have used monoclonal primary antibodies against two most common EGFR mutations, that is, L858R point mutation and E 746–A 750 deletion.
Results: Out of 33 cases, EGFR expression was seen in 28 cases. For EGFR expression assessment by IHC, both cytoplasmic and/or membranous staining taken into consideration. EGFR positivity was interpreted only when >10% tumor cells having 2+ or more intensely staining pattern. The response to TKI therapy in terms of PFS and OS was also studied.
Conclusion: IHC analysis of EGFR mutation using specific antibodies has extremely high specificity with good sensitivity. Use of targeted therapy in the form of TKI in EGFR positive lung adenocarcinoma has high response rate and long duration of survival (PFS and OS) with acceptable toxicity profile in contrast to the conventional therapy.
A retrospective analysis of post-treatment complications in patients with carcinoma vulva undergoing surgery as a primary treatment modality
Authors: Balamurugan G  , Senthil Kumar N  , Ramkumar P  , Selvaraj N
Published: January 2024

Background: Vulvar carcinoma accounts for 5% of all malignant neoplasms in the female genital tract, with a higher incidence in developing countries and increased risk associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection.
Aims and Objectives: The study aimed to retrospectively evaluate treatment complications in patients with carcinoma vulva who had undergone primary surgery alone or as part of multimodality therapy. It also aimed to evaluate HPV marker positivity in this group of patients and its relation to disease profile and prognosis.
Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective study wherein data from the Regional Cancer Centre, Coimbatore, from 2017 to 2023, about 42 patients who underwent primary surgery for carcinoma vulva were analyzed. Patient information, including age, symptoms, imaging, biopsy, staging, and treatment options, were retrieved for analysis.
Results: Regarding post-operative complications, ten patients developed seroma (23%), 9 had limb edema (21%), five patients had wound dehiscence (11%), and nine patients had post-radiotherapy/chemotherapy complications (21%). The mortality rate among patients in the study was 9% (4 patients). All four died because of nodal relapse. Six patients (14%) had disease recurrence in this study group, among whom 5 were HPV-negative (83%). Two patients had a recurrence in the primary site, and four had a nodal recurrence. HPV marker p16 was positive in 18 patients (43%) overall, and they were found to belong to the younger age group and had good treatment outcomes.
Conclusion: Primary surgery for carcinoma vulva patients in our study is associated with limited but manageable complications amenable to rectification. HPV-associated carcinoma vulva is increasing in prevalence (43% in younger age group) with a positive prognosis.
A clinical study on different surgical options for management of post-burn axillary contractures
Authors: Akash Gupta  , Sudhir Kumar  , Chitrangana Gupta
Published: January 2024

Background: Post-burn contracture is a common sequele occurring after burn. Upper limb contracture like axilla is also occurring more commonly because it is most mobile part of body and likely to involve in burn. Post-burn contracture of axilla leads to functional deficit as it limits the movement of upper extremity mainly abduction and extension. Patients with axillary contracture are unable to utilize his upper limb because he is unable to take the hand at required site.
Aims and Objectives: The objective of this study was to study various operative strategies for patients presenting with post-burn axillary contracture.
Materials and Methods: Twenty patients presenting with post-burn axillary contractures were taken in our study.
Results: In our study of 20 patients of post-burn axillary contracture, five patients had Grade I (25%), Grade II 05 (25%), Grade III 01 (5%), and Grade IV 09 (45%) contractures. Regarding surgical procedure, Z-plasty was done in 8 patients (40%), release with skin grafting 10 patients (50%), and local flap done in 2 patients (10%). In our study, the mean degree of range of motion achieved after release of axillary contracture was 120°. In our study, 2 patients (10%) developed re-contracture, 1 patient (5%) had a graft failure while 85% of the patients had no complications.
Conclusion: In the present study of 20 cases of management of post-burn axillary contracture, it is reasonable to conclude that the prevention of contracture is of utmost importance. The choice of surgical procedure for reconstruction of post-burn axillary contractures can be made according to the pattern of scar contracture and the state of the surrounding skin. The choice of a flap should have priority over the skin graft due to the superior functional and esthetic results of flaps. The results were satisfactory in our study in most cases with regard to quality of life, coverage, and range of motion.
Comparison of 2 doses of 1% 2-chloroprocaine as spinal anesthetic for perineal and lower-limb surgeries
Authors: Kumrawat Purva , Vanjare Hemant , SR Rajesh , Shankarnarayana P  , Jitendra Singh Zilwe
Published: January 2024

Background: Spinal anesthesia is a commonly employed anesthetic technique for infraumbilical surgeries. Some of its properties may limit its use for ambulatory surgery. For outpatient surgery, lignocaine was anesthetic of choice for years, but its use has been associated with significant risk. Short-acting local anesthetic may therefore represent a valid alternative in this setting.
Aims and Objectives: We compare the duration of action of sensory and motor block with 40 mg and 50 mg preservative-free 1% 2-chloroprocaine (2-CP), as a subarachnoid block.
Materials and Methods: Patients posted for surgery were randomized to two groups A and B with 64 patients in each group to whom, 40 mg and 50 mg preservative-free 1% 2-CP was administered as spinal anesthesia, respectively. After completion of spinal injection onset time, evolution of sensory and motor block and vitals were studied.
Results: The median onset time was 4 min for both 40 mg and 50 mg 1% 2-CP. The duration of sensory block with 40 mg 2-CP was 117 (74–168) and with 50 mg 2-CP was 148 (116–176) min. The duration of motor block with 40 mg 2-CP was 104 (60–150) and with 50 mg 2-CP was 134 (106–158) min. In terms of hemodynamic parameters and adverse effects, there was no statistically significant difference found between both groups.
Conclusion: Our study revealed that 40 mg of 1% 2-CP produces a satisfactory surgical block for procedures lasting <90 min. When compared with 1% 2-CP 50 mg, it resulted in comparable onset of action, with significantly faster regression of the block, shorter time to ambulation.
Thyroglossal cyst – A retrospective analysis in a tertiary care center
Authors: Debajit Sarma  , Mridusmita Gohain  , Mubeez Mustafa Badusha  , Shankhadhwaj Borah  , Rupanjita Sangma  , Adity Sharma
Published: January 2024

Background: Thyroglossal duct cyst (TGDC), one of the most common congenital neck lesions, is due to the persistence and dilatation of remnants of an epithelial tract, formed during migration of the thyroid in embryogenesis.
Aims and Objectives: The objective was to study the location of TGDC in different age and sex groups and variations in presentation.
Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was carried out in the Department of ENT at Assam Medical College and Hospital, Dibrugarh from July 2018 to June 2023. The diagnosis was made on the basis of fine-needle aspiration cytology and ultrasonography.
Results: A total of 25 cases were analyzed. Majority of them belonged to the age group of 11–20 years. Male: female ratio was 2:3. Nearly 100% of cases had a chief complaint of midline neck swelling that moves with protrusion of the tongue. Most common site of occurrence is the infrahyoid region. Nearly 80% of cases underwent Sistrunk operation.
Conclusion: Thyroglossal cyst with its varied presentation is notorious for recurrence. Proper evaluation and excision are the keys toward successful outcomes.