bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tawada Yōko, Jacques Derrida: literatura e tradução como confusão
Authors: Saldanha Fabio Pomponio
Published: June 2023

A partir da dificuldade de decidir como traduzir o título do conto “Misu tenkan'no fushigina aka” (ミス転換の不思議な赤), de Tawada Yōko, o artigo busca pensar a própria dificuldade em si a partir de dois movimentos distintos. Um é a explicação já interpretativa do conto, e o outro é uma discussão que envolve teorias de tradução em Jacques Derrida, no qual se valoriza a ideia de que, dada a existência prévia da confusão como fenômeno alocutário da tradução, toda tentativa não só é possível, mas existente pela própria permanência da categoria do original e, portanto, torna-se necessário não só ler, mas como tentar traduzir. O que se propõe é testar se a literatura e a tradução, através de exemplos e desenvolvimentos de trama no conto já citado, podem de fato ter alguma maneira de pensar como uma comunicação outra poderia surgir e fazer com que a experiência de comunidade literária (texto-tradutor-leitor) aparecesse, assim como o que une comunidade e tradução. O acontecimento, enquanto marca do texto e da primeira reflexão a ser feita a partir da própria ideia do evento tradutológico, começa e encerra a argumentação, de modo que se pense o texto de Tawada Yōko como não só um desafio de tradução, mas uma emulação do que significa traduzir a tradução e de como ser e estar em comum é também uma proposta de comunidade como tradução e confusão.
Pregas ocultas, rugas escondidas: os Três momentos em Paris de Mina Loy
Authors: Lanius Marcela
Published: June 2023

Tradução do poema “Three Moments in Paris” de Mina Loy, ainda inédito em português do Brasil, seguido de um comentário sobre o texto e sobre a tradução.
Quatro tragipoemas de Jacques d’Avray (Freitas Valle): tradução e comentários
Authors: Pinheiro Valter Cesar , Duarte Lucas Coelho
Published: June 2023

Apresentamos, neste artigo, novas traduções para quatro poemas de Jacques d’Avray –pseudônimo de José de Freitas Valle (1870-1958) –, originalmente publicados em suas duas séries de Tragipoëmes. As traduções anteriores, realizadas por Adriana Zavaglia e Décio Pignatari, não privilegiaram os aspectos rítmicos dos poemas. Traduzir parte desses aspectos – e, com eles, recuperar parte dos efeitos dos versos originais – é o objetivo deste artigo. Às traduções acrescentam-se uma breve introdução ao poeta, à sua fortuna crítica e alguns comentários acerca do trabalho tradutório.
Heidegger’s Concept of Authenticity and the Aristotelian σπουδαῖος
Authors: Patsioti-Tsacpounidis Ioanna
Published: June 2023

In this paper, we try to establish a connection between Heidegger’s conception of authenticity and the Aristotelian σπουδαῖος. Through an exploration of Heidegger’s reference to authenticity, Aristotle’s concept of σπουδαῖος, and a reinterpretation of Heidegger’s reappropriation of certain Aristotelian concepts, such as αἴσθησις, πίστις and προαίρεσις, we wish to show that the authentic Dasein has assumed full responsibility of its role in life, and it has developed ontologically, in the same way a σπουδαῖος man acknowledges one’s full potentiality in purposeful action. The σπουδαῖος as the authentic Dasein grasps the moment, gives rise to the occasion by directing one’s judgement towards the praxis, and comes to provide its own stance in the facticity of life. In fact, the σπουδαῖος, like an authentic Dasein, in a way, comes to reflect the synthesis between θεωρία and πράξις as well as an implicit effort for Dasein to uncover itself to the world and to allow the world to uncover to it.
Historical Origins of the State’s Exploitative System of Peasant Farmers in Malawi from 1926 to 2000
Authors: Nkhono-Mvula Tamani , Kayuni Happy M. , Mulwafu Wapulumuka O.
Published: June 2023

This paper traces the historical origins of the state’s exploitative agricultural market system in Malawi with a case of Agricultural Development and Marketing Corporation (admarc), a post-colonial agriculture marketing board established in 1971. The study analyses how its initial intention of facilitating the transformation of agriculture got thwarted by political interest and structural adjustment and recently globalization processes. The study goes further to explain the changes that had taken place from early colonial era agricultural marketing institutions to the present days of admarc, covering a period from 1926 to 2000. This period has been chosen as present day admarc directly traces its origin to the Native Tobacco Board that was established in 1926. The paper explores how these marketing boards, which were initially created in the colonial era to facilitate the participation of the peasant farmers in organized markets, turned to be instruments of exploitation and vehicles of marginalization of the peasantry. Furthermore, as this paper notes, after the country gained independence, admarc continued to be a post-colonial era instrument for peasant farmers’ systematic oppression through intrinsic taxation that further compromised the development of the peasant farmers. The institution was further used to strengthen agricultural sector dualism in Malawi as the surplus extracted from the peasant smallholder farmers was used to develop the capitalist estates sector.
Social Inclusivity in Security Governance: the Case of Community Policing in Bangladesh
Authors: Biswas Niloy Ranjan
Published: June 2023

This paper aims to examine the dynamics of social inclusivity of the local people in the civil security governance of Bangladesh with a particular reference to the functions of community policing in the urban areas of the state. The broader framework of the sdg 16 informs the conceptual analysis of this paper – promoting peaceful and inclusive societies in establishing local ownership and an inclusive and improved security situation through community policing in Bangladesh. The empirical discussions in this paper include the findings of in-depth interviews with the civilian members of the community policing forums and members of the local police stations. The discussion aims to highlight – how and in what ways the community policing system, both forums and officers in police stations, has adopted an inclusive framework to ensure the participation of local community citizens. Furthermore, the discussion also highlights the challenges of including locals and civil society organisations in the security governance of the state. Finally, this paper argues that political patronage is a critical factor obstructing social inclusivity in the community policing system.
Exploring Students’ Use of Gestures to Create Scientific Models during Geological Field Trips and Modeling Activities
Authors: Choi Yoon-Sung , Kim Chan-Jong , Choe Seung-Urn
Published: June 2023

This study contributes to the literature by shedding light on students’ learning by examining and comparing students’ gestures in two educational contexts: geological field trips and classroom-based modeling activities. This study engaged 10 middle-school students in two different geological field trips and two classroom-based modeling activities and employed a hermeneutic approach to understand students’ use of gestures in both settings. Using multimodal interaction analysis (MIA) students’ gestures were explored to understand how students created and conveyed meaning using verbal and nonverbal interactions. The study found students’ gestures conveyed scientific content and differing social roles in the two settings. The results suggest the frequency and type of gestures used in each setting may be complementary to students’ development of accurate models. This study presents new classification criteria and characteristics to identify students’ gestures. This study demonstrates gestures can be an important resource for learning when students are engaging in modeling activities.
Losing an Empire: Fascist Italy’s Defeat in the Horn of Africa 1940–1941 and its Memory
Authors: Scianna Bastian Matteo
Published: June 2023

This article analyses the campaign in Italian East Africa from an Italian point of view. It starts by setting out the grim strategic situation the commander in chief, the Duke of Aosta, was facing at the outbreak of hostilities. It then proceeds to cover the three phases of the campaign: the period from June 1940 until the end of the year, the second phase between January and May 1941, including the fall of Keren and Addis Ababa, and the third and final period until November 1941. This contribution will highlight the problems the Italian military struggled with, its shortcomings, but also its dogged defence, e.g. at the battle of Keren. The second part of this article looks at how the memory of the campaign was formed after the Second World War and how it related to more general aspects of Italian colonial history.
A new species of Triphora (Orchidaceae: Triphoreae, Triphorinae) from Mexico
Authors: FIGUEROA DANTE S. , ZABALGOITIA ALEJANDRO , VELÁZQUEZ-RÍOS PERLA , MUÑIZ-CASTRO MIGUEL Á. , JIMÉNEZ-MACHORRO ROLANDO , GUERRERO-HERNÁNDEZ RICARDO , HUERTA-GALVÁN OASSIS
Published: June 2023

Triphora gallegosii, a new species of geophyte orchid known so far from central, western, and northwestern Mexico, is described and illustrated. This species is morphologically similar to T. gentianioides and T. wagneri, with whom it shares the presence of scale-like leaves, three longitudinal verrucose lines on the lip, and floral parts of similar sizes, but differs from both by its lip lines that vanish towards the middle of the central lobe, having 1–4 resupinate flowers, and flowering between August and September. It also differs from T. wagneri by having a constricted central lobe and lateral lobes with acute apex, and from T. gentianoides by having entire margins on the lateral lobes, column with a magenta apex and whitish towards the middle portion with a green base, magenta anther, smaller leaves, and solitary growth. A preliminary analysis of the conservation status and a dichotomous key to the species of the genus in Mexico are provided.
Fairy moths of the genus Nemophora Hoffmannsegg, 1798 (Lepidoptera: Adelidae) of India and Sri Lanka
Authors: KOZLOV MIKHAIL V.
Published: June 2023

This study provides a comprehensive account of 40 species of the genus Nemophora Hoffmannsegg, 1798 described or recorded from India and Sri Lanka. A key to the species based on external characters and on male genitalia is provided; twelve new species are described: Nemophora angustialata Kozlov, sp. nov., N. ceylonella Kozlov, sp. nov., N. costimaculella Kozlov, sp. nov., N. ferruginea Kozlov, sp. nov., N. fletcherella Kozlov, sp. nov., N. fuscomaculella Kozlov, sp. nov., N. kashmirella Kozlov, sp. nov., N. manipurella Kozlov, sp. nov., N. nitidulella Kozlov, sp. nov., N. ornamentella Kozlov, sp. nov., N. phryganeella Kozlov, sp. nov. and N. tenuitella Kozlov, sp. nov. Lectotypes are designated for 19 species, including four junior synonyms. The following new synonyms of seven species are proposed: Nemotois pollinaris (Meyrick, 1907), syn. nov. of Nemophora engraptes (Meyrick, 1907); Adela suavis Caradja, 1938, syn. nov. of Nemophora fluorites (Meyrick, 1907); Adela latifasciella Warren, 1888, syn. nov. of Nemophora gemmella (Walsingham, 1880); Nemotois chrysogona Meyrick, 1922, syn. nov. of Nemophora indica (Walker, 1863); Nemotois xanthargyra Meyrick, 1922, syn. nov. of Nemophora scitulella (Walker, 1864); Nemotois zonoreas Meyrick, 1924, syn. nov. of Nemophora solstitiella (Walsingham in Walsingham & Durrant, 1900); and Nemotois xanthophracta Meyrick, 1930, syn. nov. of Nemophora athlophora (Meyrick, 1912). Eleven new combinations are introduced: Nemophora sporodesma (Meyrick, 1928), comb. nov., N. engraptes (Meyrick, 1907), comb. nov., N. chalcomis (Meyrick, 1907), comb. nov., N. neurias (Meyrick, 1922), comb. nov., N. gemmella (Walsingham, 1880), comb. nov., N. indica (Walker, 1863), comb. nov., N. scitulella (Walker, 1864), comb. nov., N. amphimetalla (Meyrick, 1912), comb. nov., N. pyrotechna (Meyrick, 1912), comb. nov., N. chrysidias (Meyrick, 1928), comb. nov., and N. athlophora (Meyrick, 1912), comb. nov. Nemophora chalcomis (Meyrick, 1907) and N. mediseorsa Sun et Li, 2023 are for the first time reported from India; N. smaragdaspis (Meyrick, 1924) is for the first time reported from Nepal; N. chrysoprasias (Meyrick, 1922) is for the first time reported from Myanmar; N. solstitiella (Walsingham in Walsingham & Durrant, 1900) is for the first time reported from Pakistan and China (Taiwan); and N. augantha (Meyrick, 1907) is for the first time reported from Vietnam. The previous records of Adela croesella (Scopoli, 1763), N. satrapodes (Meyrick, 1894) and N. degeerella (Linnaeus, 1758) from India are dismissed as based on misidentifications. Currently, the fairy moth faunas of India and Sri Lanka include 38 and four species, respectively.
Assessing North Atlantic Tropical Cyclone Rainfall Hazard Using Engineered-Synthetic Storms and a Physics-Based Tropical Cyclone Rainfall Model
Authors: Xi Dazhi , Lin Ning , Nadal-Caraballo Norberto C. , Yawn Madison C.
Published: June 2023

In this study, we design a statistical method to couple observations with a physics-based tropical cyclone (TC) rainfall model (TCR) and engineered-synthetic storms for assessing TC rainfall hazard. We first propose a bias-correction method to minimize the errors induced by TCR via matching the probability distribution of TCR-simulated historical TC rainfall with gauge observations. Then we assign occurrence probabilities to engineered-synthetic storms to reflect local climatology, through a resampling method that matches the probability distribution of a newly proposed storm parameter named rainfall potential (POT) in the synthetic dataset with that in the observation. POT is constructed to include several important storm parameters for TC rainfall such as TC intensity, duration, and distance and environmental humidity near landfall, and it is shown to be correlated with TCR-simulated rainfall. The proposed method has a satisfactory performance in reproducing the rainfall hazard curve in various locations in the continental United States; it is an improvement over the traditional joint probability method (JPM) for TC rainfall hazard assessment.
Weakened Subtropical Westerlies Reduced Early Spring Precipitation in the Southeast Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Yuan Xu , Yang Kun , Lu Hui , Sun Jing , Wang Yan , Liu Yubo , Tang Qiuhong
Published: June 2023

The Southeast Tibetan Plateau (SETP) is a major region where many low-latitude glaciers are located, with spring precipitation being a major input of the glacier mass balance. This study shows that early spring precipitation has decreased significantly since 1999, which is attributed to declined moisture contribution from the far-field sources (west of 70°E) induced by the weakened subtropical westerlies. The possible physical mechanism underlying this change has also been revealed. It is found that snow-cover extent (SCE) in March reduced in midlatitude Eurasia after 1999; meanwhile, strong solar radiation during this month may have exacerbated snow melting through snow albedo–radiation interactions. These two processes led to warming and caused a strong anticyclone over midlatitude Eurasia that weakened the subtropical westerlies near 30°N. This decadal change in the subtropical westerlies led to a decrease in moisture transport upstream. As a result, the windward slopes of large terrain along the latitudinal belt near 30°N received less precipitation, and the decrease in SETP precipitation was part of this change. A further analysis shows that the positive correlation between the westerlies and precipitation has weakened since 1999.

Significance Statement

The purpose of this study is to reveal the decreased early spring precipitation and explore its possible physical mechanism in the Southeast Tibetan Plateau (SETP), which is crucial to understand the shrinkage of the local glacier. Our results indicate that the reduction of snow cover in midlatitude Eurasia since 1999 and the strong solar radiation in March contributed to the weakening subtropical westerlies, which further resulted in the decreasing precipitation in the SETP and other windward slopes of large terrain along the latitudinal 30°N belt in Eurasia.
Influence of single gummy component removal/retention on the physicochemical properties of fibrilia fiber and the reaction behavior of the other components in the degumming process
Authors: Yang Fei , Meng Chaoran , Yu Chongwen
Published: June 2023

Although many degumming methods for fibrilia fiber have been established, the reaction priority of the gums and the influence of single gummy component removal/retention on the fiber property and the reaction behavior of the other components remain unclear. This study analyzed the above issues by the observing the change of fiber in microbial-mechanical ‘enzyme peeling’ and gas phase ozone treatment. Results showed that pectin removal could increase the fiber density significantly (∼60.3%) but would not cause damage to the fiber tenacity. The 2.5–4.5% pectin in untreated fiber could strongly restrict the removal of lignin and hemicellulose. Lignin had less influence on fiber density than pectin. The detailed composition of hemicellulose had a significant effect on fiber tenacity: the retention of xylan and mannan caused damage and benefit, respectively, to fiber tenacity. After the removal of 90.0% pectin and 23.0% hemicellulose, a deep delignification rate (>70.0%) could be obtained. The delignification rate of 70.0–80.0% was beneficial for the density decreasing and tenacity increasing of the fiber, while a delignification rate over 80.0% would cause the collapse of the cellulose structure and thus damage the fiber property.
Evaluation of Scientific Research in Universities Based on the Theories for Sustainable Competitive Advantage
Authors: Zhe Cheng , Chen Chen , Yueyang Zheng , Xiong Xiong , Xiao Tong
Published: June 2023

Under the background of insufficient scientific research funding, evaluating the level of scientific research from the perspective of sustainable development is necessary. The study aims to develop an evaluation index system based on the theories for sustainable competitive advantage (SCA), which could be used to evaluate the sustainable development trend of scientific research in universities. In this study, 42 world-class universities in China are used as examples to calculate their SCA performance in scientific research using the entropy and equal weights methods. The scores of scientific research in different universities in the Academic Ranking of World Universities (ARWU) in 2021 are used to verify the effectiveness of the evaluation index system. The results show that the evaluation index system can effectively predict the scientific research performance of universities in the future. It could be deduced from the results that universities with better scientific research performance meet the needs of the external market better and have more valuable, rare, imitable, and ambiguous resources but a lower level of scientific research dynamic ability. The evaluation index system makes up for the lack of emphasis on the potential scientific research capacity of the university in the current evaluation methods. It can help university administrators formulate relevant scientific research management regulations.
Using Simulation-Based Learning with Standardized Patients (SP) in an Implicit Bias Mitigation Clinician Training Program
Authors: Tjia Jennifer , Pugnaire Michele , Calista Joanne , Eisdorfer Ethan , Hale Janet , Terrien Jill , Valdman Olga , Potts Stacy , Garcia Maria , Yazdani Majid , Puerto Geraldine , Okero Miriam , Duodu Vennesa , Sabin Janice
Published: June 2023

Objectives

To describe the development and refinement of an implicit bias recognition and management training program for clinical trainees.

Methods

In the context of an NIH-funded clinical trial to address healthcare disparities in hypertension management, research and education faculty at an academic medical center used a participatory action research approach to engage local community members to develop and refine a “knowledge, awareness, and skill-building” bias recognition and mitigation program. The program targeted medical residents and Doctor of Nursing Practice students. The content of the two-session training included: didactics about healthcare disparities, racism and implicit bias; implicit association test (IAT) administration to raise awareness of personal implicit bias; skill building for bias-mitigating communication; and case scenarios for skill practice in simulation-based encounters with standardized patients (SPs) from the local community.

Results

The initial trial year enrolled n  =  65 interprofessional participants. Community partners and SPs who engaged throughout the design and implementation process reported overall positive experiences, but SPs expressed need for greater faculty support during in-person debriefings following simulation encounters to balance power dynamics. Initial year trainee participants reported discomfort with intensive sequencing of in-person didactics, IATs, and SP simulations in each of the two training sessions. In response, authors refined the training program to separate didactic sessions from IAT administration and SP simulations, and to increase safe space, and trainee and SP empowerment. The final program includes more interactive discussions focused on identity, race and ethnicity, and strategies to address local health system challenges related to structural racism.

Conclusion

It is possible to develop and implement a bias awareness and mitigation skills training program that uses simulation-based learning with SPs, and to engage with local community members to tailor the content to address the experience of local patient populations. Further research is needed to measure the success and impact of replicating this approach elsewhere.
General Kinetostatic Modeling and Deformation Analysis of a Two-Module Rod-Driven Continuum Robot with Friction Considered
Authors: Wang Peiyi , Yang Xinhua , Wang Xiangyang , Guo Sheng
Published: June 2023

Continuum robots actuated by flexible rods have large potential applications, such as detection and operation tasks in confined environments, since the push and pull actuation of flexible rods withstand tension and compressive force, and increase the structure’s rigidity. In this paper, a generalized kinetostatics model for multi-module and multi-segment continuum robots considering the effect of friction based on the Cosserat rod theory is established. Then, the model is applied to a two-module rod-driven continuum robot with winding ropes to analyze its deformation and load characteristics. Four different in-plane configurations under the external load term as S1, S2, C1, and C2 are defined. Taking a bending plane as an example, the tip deformation along the x-axis of these shapes is simulated and compared, which shows that the load capacity of C1 and C2 is generally larger than that of S1 and S2. Furthermore, the deformation experiments and simulations show that the maximum error ratio without external loads relative to the total length is no more than 3%, and it is no more than 4.7% under the external load. The established kinetostatics model is proven sufficient to accurately analyze the rod-driven continuum robot with the consideration of internal friction.
The role of blood groups, vaccine type and gender in predicting the severity of side effects among university students receiving COVID-19 vaccines
Authors: Almalki Ohoud S. , Santali Eman Y. , Alhothali Abdulaziz A. , Ewis Ashraf A. , Shady Abeer , Fathelrahman Ahmed Ibrahim , Abdelwahab Sayed F.
Published: June 2023

On March 11th, 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) a pandemic. To control the pandemic, billions of vaccine doses have been administered worldwide. Predictors of COVID-19 vaccine-related side effects are inconsistently described in the literature. This study aimed to identify the predictors of side effects’ severity after COVID-19 vaccination among young adult students at Taif University (TU) in Saudi Arabia. An online, anonymous questionnaire was used. Descriptive statistics were calculated for numerical and categorical variables. Possible correlations with other characteristics were identified using the chi-square test. The study included 760 young adult participants from TU. Pain at the injection site (54.7%), headache (45.0%), lethargy and fatigue (43.3%), and fever (37.5%) were the most frequently reported COVID-19 vaccine-related side effects after the first dose. The most frequent side effects were reported among the 20–25-year-old age group for all doses of all vaccines. Females experienced remarkably more side effects after the second (p < 0.001) and third doses (p = 0.002). Moreover, ABO blood groups significantly correlated with vaccine-related side effects after the second dose (p = 0.020). The participants' general health status correlated with the side effects after the first and second doses (p < 0.001 and 0.022, respectively). The predictors of COVID-19 vaccine-related side effects in young, vaccinated people were blood group B, female gender, vaccine type, and poor health status.
Inflammatory-associated proteomic predictors of cognitive outcome in subjects with ELVO treated by mechanical thrombectomy
Authors: Maglinger Benton , Harp Jordan P. , Frank Jacqueline A. , Rupareliya Chintan , McLouth Christopher J. , Pahwa Shivani , Sheikhi Lila , Dornbos David , Trout Amanda L. , Stowe Ann M. , Fraser Justin F. , Pennypacker Keith R.
Published: June 2023

Background

Emergent Large Vessel Occlusion (ELVO) stroke causes devastating vascular events which can lead to significant cognitive decline and dementia. In the subset of ELVO subjects treated with mechanical thrombectomy (MT) at our institution, we aimed to identify systemic and intracranial proteins predictive of cognitive function at time of discharge and at 90-days. These proteomic biomarkers may serve as prognostic indicators of recovery, as well as potential targets for novel/existing therapeutics to be delivered during the subacute stage of stroke recovery.

Methods

At the University of Kentucky Center for Advanced Translational Stroke Sciences, the BACTRAC tissue registry (clinicaltrials.gov; NCT 03153683) of human biospecimens acquired during ELVO stroke by MT is utilized for research. Clinical data are collected on each enrolled subject who meets inclusion criteria. Blood samples obtained during thrombectomy were sent to Olink Proteomics for proteomic expression values. Montreal Cognitive Assessments (MoCA) were evaluated with categorical variables using ANOVA and t-tests, and continuous variables using Pearson correlations.

Results

There weren = 52 subjects with discharge MoCA scores andn = 28 subjects with 90-day MoCA scores. Several systemic and intracranial proteins were identified as having significant correlations to discharge MoCA scores as well as 90-day MoCA scores. Highlighted proteins included s-DPP4, CCL11, IGFBP3, DNER, NRP1, MCP1, and COMP.

Conclusion

We set out to identify proteomic predictors and potential therapeutic targets related to cognitive outcomes in ELVO subjects undergoing MT. Here, we identify several proteins which predicted MoCA after MT, which may serve as therapeutic targets to lessen post-stroke cognitive decline.
Interaction of lncRNAs with mTOR in colorectal cancer: a systematic review
Authors: Moslehian Marziyeh Sadat , Shabkhizan Roya , Asadi Mohammad Reza , Bazmani Ahad , Mahdipour Mahdi , Haiaty Sanya , Rahbarghazi Reza , Sakhinia Ebrahim
Published: June 2023

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most widespread cancer and the fourth leading lethal disease among different societies. It is thought that CRC accounts for about 10% of all newly diagnosed cancer cases with high-rate mortality. lncRNAs, belonging to non-coding RNAs, are involved in varied cell bioactivities. Emerging data have confirmed a significant alteration in lncRNA transcription under anaplastic conditions. This systematic review aimed to assess the possible influence of abnormal mTOR-associated lncRNAs in the tumorigenesis of colorectal tissue. In this study, the PRISMA guideline was utilized based on the systematic investigation of published articles from seven databases. Of the 200 entries, 24 articles met inclusion criteria and were used for subsequent analyses. Of note, 23 lncRNAs were prioritized in association with the mTOR signaling pathway with up-regulation (79.16%) and down-regulation (20.84%) trends. Based on the obtained data, mTOR can be stimulated or inhibited during CRC by the alteration of several lncRNAs. Determining the dynamic activity of mTOR and relevant signaling pathways via lncRNAs can help us progress novel molecular therapeutics and medications.
AQP8 promotes glioma proliferation and growth, possibly through the ROS/PTEN/AKT signaling pathway
Authors: Hao Zhang , Huajun Sheng , Zhen Guo , Yu Xing , Qian Liu , Ziling Cai , Zihao Shen , Qingqian Xia , Shujuan Zhu
Published: June 2023

Background

The aquaporin (AQP) family of proteins has been implicated in the proliferation and growth of gliomas. Expression of AQP8 is higher in human glioma tissues than in normal brain tissues and is positively correlated with the pathological grade of glioma, suggesting that this protein is also involved in the proliferation and growth of glioma. However, the mechanism by which AQP8 promotes the proliferation and growth of glioma remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the mechanism and role of abnormal AQP8 expression in glioma development.

Methods

The dCas9-SAM and CRISPR/Cas9 techniques were used to construct viruses with overexpressed and knocked down AQP8, respectively, and infect A172 and U251 cell lines. The effects of AQP8 on the proliferation and growth of glioma and its mechanism via the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level were observed using cell clone, transwell, flow cytometry, Hoechst, western blotting, immunofluorescence, and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction assays. A nude mouse tumor model was also established.

Results

Overexpression of AQP8 resulted in an increased number of cell clones and cell proliferation, enhanced cell invasion and migration, decreased apoptosis and phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) expression, and increased phosphorylated serine/threonine protein kinase (p-AKT) expression and ROS level, whereas the AQP8 knockdown groups showed opposite results. In the animal experiments, the AQP8 overexpression group had higher tumor volume and weight, whereas the AQP8 knockdown group had lower tumor volume and weight compared with those parameters measured in the control group.

Conclusions

Our results preliminary suggest that AQP8 overexpression alters the ROS/PTEN/AKT signaling pathway, promoting the proliferation, migration, and invasion of gliomas. Therefore, AQP8 may be a potential therapeutic target in gliomas.
Relationship between chronotype and mental behavioural health among adolescents: a cross-sectional study based on the social ecological system
Authors: Zhang Yi , Jin Zhengge , Li Shuqin , Xu Huiqiong , Wan Yuhui , Tao Fangbiao
Published: June 2023

Background

Health risk behaviors (HRBs) is a kind of phenomenon behavior that often occurs in adolescence, and also often appears in clusters. Previous studies suggested an association between social ecological risk factors (SERFs) and HRBs. This study explored 1) whether chronotype moderates the risk of HRBs associated with SERFs and 2) whether mental health is a mediator in this relationship.

Methods

Adolescents were recruited from 39 junior or senior schools (three cities, 13 schools per city) using a multistage cluster sampling method conducted between October, 2020 and June, 2021. The Social Ecological System, Morningness–Eveningness Questionnaire, Brief Instrument on Psychological Health Youths, and Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance questionnaires were used to measure the SERFs, chronotype, mental health and HRBs. Latent category analysis was used to explore the clustering mode of HRBs. The primary exposure was SERFs, and the primary outcome was HRBs; chronotype was a moderator, and mental health was a mediator. The multivariable logistic regression model was used to determine the relationship between SERFs and chronotype and mental behavioral health status. Mediation moderate analysis using the PROCESS method was used to explore the relationship between these variables. Sensitivity analysis was conducted to evaluate the robustness of the model.

Results

In total, 17,800 individuals were initially enrolled. After excluding 947 individuals with invalid questionnaires, 16,853 participants were finally included in the analysis. The mean age of participants was 15.33 ± 1.08 years. After adjusting for covariates, multivariable logistic regression found that high levels of SERFs (odds ratio [OR] = 10.10, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 8.88–11.43,P < 0.01), intermediate chronotype (OR = 5.24, 95% CI: 4.57–6.01,P < 0.01), and eveningness (OR = 1.83, 95% CI: 1.64–2.05,P < 0.01) were associated with higher HRBs frequency. This study also assessed the interaction between chronotype, SERFs and HRBs (OR = 27.84, 95% CI: 22.03–35.19,P < 0.01) and mental health (OR = 18.46, 95% CI: 13.16–25.88,P < 0.01). The moderated mediation analyses examined the relationship between chronotype, SERFs, mental health and HRBs.

Conclusions

SERFs may be important variables in measuring the effect of the adolescent psychosocial environment on HRBs; this effect is mediated by mental health and moderated by chronotype.
Association of shift work and dietary inflammatory potential with all-cause death among us hypertensive population: national health and nutrition examination study, 2005–2010
Authors: Li Yukun , Peng Xiaodong , Wang Xuesi , Lin Rong , Liu Xinmeng , Meng Fanchao , Liu Xiaoying , Li Linling , Bai Rong , Wen Songnan , Ruan Yanfei , Tang Ribo , Liu Nian
Published: June 2023

Background & aims

The individual effect of working schedule on survival in the hypertensive population has not been adequately studied. Shiftworkers are also prone to unhealthy lifestyles like pro-inflammatory diet. Therefore, we assessed the effect of shift work and its joint association with dietary inflammatory potential on mortality risk among the large US nationally representative sample of adult hypertensive population.

Methods

Data were from a nationally representative prospective cohort among US hypertensive population (n = 3680; weighted population, 54,192,988). The participants were linked to the 2019 public-access linked mortality archives. The working schedule were self-reported using the Occupation Questionnaire Section. Dietary inflammatory index (DII) scores were equally calculated using the 24-hour dietary recall (24 h) interviews. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate hazard ratio and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) for survival of hypertension individuals by work schedule and dietary inflammatory potential. The joint effect of work schedule and dietary inflammatory potential was then examined.

Results

Among the 3680 hypertension individuals (39.89% female [n = 1479] and 71.42% white [n = 1707]; weighted mean [SE] age, 47.35 [0.32] years), 592 individuals reported shift work status. 474 (10.76%) reported shift work status with pro-inflammatory dietary pattern (DII scores > 0). 118 (3.06%) reported shift work status with anti-inflammatory dietary pattern (DII scores < 0). 646 (19.64%) reported a non-shift working schedule with anti-inflammatory dietary pattern, while 2442 (66.54%) reported non-shift working schedule with pro-inflammatory dietary pattern. After a median follow-up of 11.67 years (140 months), 317 deaths (cardiovascular diseases (CVD), 65; cancer, 104) were registered. Cox regression analysis showed that shift work was associated with higher risk of all-cause mortality (hazard ratio [HR], 1.48; 95% CI, 1.07–2.06) compared with non-shift workers. In the joint analysis, shift work status combined with pro-inflammatory dietary pattern was associated with the highest all-cause mortality risk. Moreover, adopting the anti-inflammatory diet significantly attenuates the deleterious effect of shift work on mortality risk.

Conclusions

In this large representative sample of adults with hypertension in the U.S., the combination of shift work status with pro-inflammatory dietary pattern was highly prevalent and was associated with the highest risks of death from all causes.
Uptake and determinants of childhood vaccination status among children aged 0–12 months in three West African countries
Authors: Barrow Amadou , Afape Ayobami Oyekunle , Cham Dalanda , Azubuike Precious Chidozie
Published: June 2023

Background

Vaccination has long been recognized as one of the most effective ways to reduce child mortality. It has played a significant role, particularly for children, and is considered a major achievement and relevant in preventing childhood diseases worldwide. This study looks at the uptake and determinants of childhood vaccination status among children under the age of one year, for Gambia, Sierra Leon, and Liberia.

Method

Data from 2019 to 20 Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) data from Gambia, Sierra Leone, and Liberia were pooled for the analysis used in this study. Data were obtained from a total weighted sample of 5,368 children aged 0–12 months through a stratified two-stage cluster sampling approach. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to assess the predictors of childhood vaccination uptake at 95% confidence interval (CIs) with computed adjusted odds ratios (aORs).

Results

The weighted sample pooled prevalence of full vaccination among children under 12 months of age was 15.1% for males and 15.0% for females. After controlling for confounders in the regression model, factors that were found to be associated with vaccination status include children whose mothers attended postnatal care (PNC) visits had higher odds of being fully vaccinated (aOR = 1.23, 95% CI = 1.03–1.46), while children whose fathers had primary education (aOR = 0.67, 95% CI = 0.48–0.96), children whose households never watched TV (aOR = 0.68, 95% CI = 0.56–0.82) and children whose mothers attended 1–3 antenatal care (ANC) visits (aOR = 0.59, 95% CI = 0.45–0.79) had lower odds of being fully vaccinated.

Conclusion

Childhood vaccination uptake was low among children under 12 months of age in these countries. Hence, there is a need to promote the uptake of vaccination across these three West African countries especially among rural dwellers.
Determinants of the utilization of youth-friendly sexual and reproductive health services in public secondary schools of Kogi State, Nigeria: an explorative study
Authors: Adione Agatha Alami , Abamara Nnaemeka Chukwudum , Vivalya Bives Mutume Nzanzu
Published: June 2023

Background

This study explored the factors associated with the utilization of Youth-Friendly Sexual Reproductive Health (YFSRH) services among school-going Nigerian adolescents.

Methods

This cross-sectional study employed a mixed method involving school-going students attending five public secondary schools in Kogi State, Nigeria. Descriptive statistics were used to determine the patterns of utilisation of YFSRH services, whereas inferential statistics were performed to determine factors associated with utilization of YFSRH services. Qualitative data were analysed by thematic analyses of records using an inductive analysis.

Results

One in two secondary school-going students had used the YFSRH services. Most of the participants had poor awareness of YFSRH services and limited access to YFSRH services. While gender positively predicted the utilisation of YFSRH services among secondary school-going students (aOR = 5.7; 95% CI: 2.4–8.95, p = 0.001), we found that age (aOR = 0.94; 95% CI: 0.67–0.99, p = < 0.001), and religious beliefs (aOR = 0.84; 95% CI: 0.77–0.93, p = 0.001) showed a negative relationship with the utilization of YFSRH services.

Conclusions

Our findings highlight the influence of gender, age, and religion on utilizing YFSRH services. This study recommends the inclusion of sexuality education into secondary school-going student’s curricula, in order to create awareness about the benefit of utilization of sexual and reproductive health services, and this is to encourage young people to utilize the YFSRH services.
Adult food choices in association with the local retail food environment and food access in resource-poor communities: a scoping review
Authors: Madlala Samukelisiwe S. , Hill Jillian , Kunneke Ernesta , Lopes Tatum , Faber Mieke
Published: June 2023

Background

There is a growing body of research on local retail food environments globally in both urban and rural settings. Despite this, little research has been conducted on adult food choices, local retail environments, and healthy food access in resource-poor communities. The purpose of this study is therefore to provide an overview of the evidence on adult food choices (measured as dietary intake) in association with the local retail food environment and food access in resource-poor communities (defined as low-income communities and/or households).

Methods

We searched nine databases for studies published from July 2005 to March 2022 and identified 2426 records in the primary and updated search. Observational studies, empirical and theoretical studies, focused on adults ≤ 65 years, published in English peer-reviewed journals, examining local retail food environments and food access, were included. Two independent reviewers screened identified articles using the selection criteria and data extraction form. Study characteristics and findings were summarized for all studies and relevant themes summarized for qualitative and mixed methods studies.

Results

A total of 47 studies were included in this review. Most studies were cross sectional (93.6%) and conducted in the United States of America (70%). Nineteen (40.4%) studies assessed the association between food choice outcomes and local retail food environment exposures, and evidence on these associations are inconclusive. Associations of certain food choice outcomes with healthy food retail environments were positive for healthy foods (in 11 studies) and unhealthy foods (in 3 studies). Associations of certain food choice outcomes with unhealthy retail food environment exposures were positive for unhealthy foods in 1 study and negative for healthy foods in 3 studies. In 9 studies, some of the food choice outcomes were not associated with retail food environment exposures. A healthy food store type and lower food prices were found to be major facilitators for healthy food access in resource-poor communities, while cost and transportation were the main barriers.

Conclusions

More research is needed on the local retail food environment in communities in low- and middle-income countries to develop better interventions to improve food choices and access to healthy foods in resource-poor communities.
Household air pollution from solid fuel use and depression among adults in rural China: evidence from the China Kadoorie Biobank data
Authors: Chair Sek Ying , Choi Kai Chow , Chong Mei Sin , Liu Ting , Chien Wai Tong
Published: June 2023

Background

Solid fuels are still widely used for cooking in rural China, leading to various health implications. Yet, studies on household air pollution and its impact on depression remain scarce. Using baseline data from the China Kadoorie Biobank (CKB) study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between solid fuel use for cooking and depression among adults in rural China.

Methods

Data on exposure to household air pollution from cooking with solid fuels were collected and the Chinese version of the World Health Organization Composite International Diagnostic Interview short-form (CIDI-SF) was used to evaluate the status of major depressive episode. Logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate the association between solid fuel use for cooking and depression.

Results

Amongst 283,170 participants, 68% of them used solid fuels for cooking. A total of 2,171 (0.8%) participants reported of having a major depressive episode in the past 12 months. Adjusted analysis showed that participants who had exposure to solid fuels used for cooking for up to 20 years, more than 20 to 35 years, and more than 35 years were 1.09 (95% CI: 0.94–1.27), 1.18 (95% CI: 1.01–1.38), and 1.19 (95% CI: 1.01–1.40) times greater odds of having a major depressive episode, respectively, compared with those who had no previous exposure to solid fuels used for cooking.

Conclusion

The findings highlight that longer exposure to solid fuels used for cooking would be associated with increased odds of major depressive episode. In spite of the uncertainty of causal relationship between them, using solid fuels for cooking can lead to undesirable household air pollution. Reducing the use of solid fuels for cooking by promoting the use of clean energy should be encouraged.
Prevalence, potential determinants, and treatment-seeking behavior of acute respiratory infection among children under age five in India: Findings from the National Family Health Survey, 2019-21
Authors: Varghese Jesty Saira , Muhammad T.
Published: June 2023

Background

Acute respiratory infections (ARI) are a major cause of mortality and morbidity among under-five children worldwide, particularly in developing countries. Current evidence using nationally representative data on determinants and care-seeking behavior for ARI is limited in the Indian context. Hence, the present study complements the existing literature by examining the prevalence, determinants, and health-care-seeking behavior regarding ARI among Indian children under age five.

Study design

Cross-sectional study.

Methods

The data for the present study were drawn from the fifth round of the National Family Health Survey (NFHS-5) conducted in 28 states and 8 union territories of India in 2019-21. A total of 222,233 children age less than five years were selected to estimate the prevalence and determinants of ARI, and 6198 children having ARI were selected to explore the treatment-seeking behavior. Bivariate analysis and multivariable binary logistic regression analysis were employed.

Results

Among children under five years, 2.8% suffered from ARI in the two weeks preceding the survey, and 56.1% sought treatment for ARI. Younger age, a recent episode of diarrhea, maternal asthmatic history, and tobacco smoke exposure in the household increase the risk of having ARI. Further, having a separate room as a kitchen in the household reduces the likelihood of having ARI by 14% (AOR: 0.86; CI: 0.79–0.93). Female children (AOR: 0.88; CI: 0.77-1.00) and children belonging to households having difficulty in accessing transport to health facility (AOR: 0.83; CI: 0.69–0.99) are less likely to seek treatment.

Conclusion

The study identified several socio-demographic, maternal, and household characteristics associated with ARI and treatment seeking for ARI. The study also recommends making health centers more accessible to the people in terms of proximity and cost.