bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Uncovering the role of Lewis and Brønsted acid sites in perforated SAPO-34 with an enhanced lifetime in methanol conversion to light olefins
Authors: Ghavipour Mohammad , Goncalves Tiago J. , Al Hussami Ralph , Roy Ranjan , Siahrostami Samira , Kopyscinski Jan
Published: August 2023

Perforated SAPO-34 by alkali post-treatment lasts longer in the MTO reaction. However, based on the TGA-TPO, GC-MS, 13C-NMR tests and DFT calculations, alteration in acid sites results in lower light olefins selectivity.
Investigating stimuli-responsive luminescence and aggregation-induced emission properties of o-carborane-based luminophores modified with phenanthrene or anthracene
Authors: Wang Li , Chen Rong-Jian , Yan Jian-Feng , Yuan Yao-Feng
Published: August 2023

Incorporation of a diphenylphosphine group and an o-carborane unit into luminophores leads to polymorphs and stimuli-responsive luminescence behavior.
Revealing the intrinsic peroxidase-like catalytic mechanism of O-doped CoS2 nanoparticles
Authors: Liang Shufeng , Chen Tingyu , Zhao Yun , Ren Yali , Li Miaomiao , Lu Dongtao , Wang Junhao , Dai Yan , Guo Yujing
Published: August 2023

O-doping decreases the transition-state energy barrier of H2O2 dissociation, thus enhancing the POD-like activity of CoS2 nanoparticles.
High-efficiency all fluorescence white OLEDs with high color rendering index by manipulating excitons in co-host recombination layers
Authors: Zhang Yuan-Bo , Li Ya-Nan , Zhang Chun-Fang , Liu Jia-Bo , Li Jia-Rui , Bian Hao-Dong , Zhu Lian-Qing , Ou Jian-Zhen , Cui Lin-Song , Liu Yuan
Published: August 2023

A universal design strategy based on a co-host system and a cascaded exciton transfer configuration is proposed to realize highly efficient all fluorescence white organic light-emitting diodes with high color rendering index.
N-Heterocyclic carbene-catalyzed enantioselective annulation of 2-amino-1H-indoles and bromoenals for the synthesis of chiral 2-aryl-2,3-dihydropyrimido[1,2-a]indol-4 (1H)-ones
Authors: Zhao Jianbo , Wu Min , Luo Jiamin , Shi Lei , Li Hao
Published: August 2023

An efficient N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-catalyzed enantioselective [3 + 3] annulation for the synthesis of 2-aryl-2,3-dihydropyrimido[1,2-a]indol-4(1H)-ones in good yields with high to excellent enantioselectivities has been developed.
Primary sulfonamide-functional polymers with controlled chain architectures by RAFT polymerisation
Authors: Odnoroh Maksym , Marty Jean-Daniel , Bourdon Valérie , Coutelier Olivier , Destarac Mathias
Published: August 2023

Diblock copolymers with precisely located sulfonamide groups were synthesized by RAFT polymerisation, either using an acrylamido sulfonamide monomer (SPA) or a sulfonamide-functional trithiocarbonate RAFT agent (S-CTA).
Bottlebrush polymer with dual functionality for osteoarthritis treatment: curcumin delivery and lubrication properties
Authors: Charmi Gholamreza , Rahimi Mahdi , Socha Karolina , Pham Duy Anh , Séguy Line , Phan Quoc Thang , Moldovan Florina , Kozanecki Marcin , Matyjaszewski Krzysztof , Banquy Xavier , Pietrasik Joanna
Published: August 2023

Biocompatible bottlebrush polymer that could be used for combination therapy with synergistic effect in osteoarthritis treatment is presented within this work.
Designing multi-target-directed flavonoids: a strategic approach to Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Park Seongmin , Kim Mingeun , Lin Yuxi , Hong Mannkyu , Nam Geewoo , Mieczkowski Adam , Kardos József , Lee Young-Ho , Lim Mi Hee
Published: August 2023

Rational structure–mechanism-based strategies for identifying small molecules that are able to control multiple pathological targets in Alzheimer's disease are established, with an example of developing a promising multi-target-directed flavonoid.
A GPX4-targeted photosensitizer to reverse hypoxia-induced inhibition of ferroptosis for non-small cell lung cancer therapy
Authors: Hu Qiao , Zhu Wanjie , Du Jianjun , Ge Haoying , Zheng Jiazhu , Long Saran , Fan Jiangli , Peng Xiaojun
Published: August 2023

A GPX4 targeted photosensitizer ENBS-ML210 was prepared to promote lipid peroxidation, which reversed the hypoxia-induced resistance of ferroptosis for non-small cell lung cancer therapy.
The need for operando modelling of 27Al NMR in zeolites: the effect of temperature, topology and water
Authors: Lei Chen , Erlebach Andreas , Brivio Federico , Grajciar Lukáš , Tošner Zdeněk , Heard Christopher J. , Nachtigall Petr
Published: August 2023

Operando modelling of 27Al NMR in zeolites, showing the importance of hydration and dynamics in reproducing experimental data. Machine learning analysis obtains a simple correlation of chemical shielding which predicts chemical shifts accurately.
Power factor improvement in a solid–liquid thermoelectric system formed by Sb:SnO2 in contact with a chromium complex solution
Authors: Castro-Ruiz S. , Márquez-García L. , Solis-de la Fuente M. , Beltrán-Pitarch B. , Mota-Babiloni A. , Vidan F. , Íñigo-Rabinal P. , Guisado-Barrios G. , García-Cañadas J.
Published: August 2023

A remarkable more than 3 times improvement in the power factor has been achieved in a porous thermoelectric oxide in the presence of an electrolyte containing a redox molecule.
Correction: Magnetic field enabled in situ control over the structure and dynamics of colloids interacting via SALR potentials
Authors: Gauri Hashir M. , Sherman Zachary M. , Al Harraq Ahmed , Truskett Thomas M. , Bharti Bhuvnesh
Published: August 2023

Correction for ‘Magnetic field enabled in situ control over the structure and dynamics of colloids interacting via SALR potentials’ by Hashir M. Gauri et al., Soft Matter, 2023, 19, 4439–4448, https://doi.org/10.1039/D3SM00354J.
Hydrolytic depolymerisation of polyesters over heterogeneous ZnO catalyst
Authors: Liguori Francesca , Moreno-Marrodán Carmen , Oberhauser Werner , Passaglia Elisa , Barbaro Pierluigi
Published: August 2023

Virgin monomers are obtained from PLA and PET through a low energy-demanding process using neat water and ZnO heterogeneous catalyst.
Exploration of bis(pentafluorophenyl)borinic acid as an electronically saturated, bench-top stable Lewis acid catalyst
Authors: Cosby Taylor P. L. , Caputo Christopher B.
Published: August 2023

Bis(pentafluorophenyl)borinic acid was investigated as a bench-stable Lewis acid catalyst for the hydrosilyation of carbonyl functionalities. The reactivity was benchmarked to other effective frustrated Lewis pair catalysts.
A fully discrete finite element method for a constrained transport model of the incompressible MHD equations
Authors: Zhang Xiaodi , Su Haiyan , Li Xianzhu
Published: August 2023

In this paper, we propose and analyze a fully discrete finite element method for a constrained transport (CT) model of the incompressible magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) equations. The spatial discretization is based on mixed finite elements, where the hydrodynamic unknowns are approximated by stable finite element pairs, the magnetic field and magnetic vector potential are discretized by H(curl)-conforming edge element. The time marching is combining a backward Euler scheme and some subtle implicit-explicit treatments for nonlinear and coupling terms. With these treatments, the fully discrete scheme is linear in the implementation and the computation of the magnetic vector potential is decoupled from the whole coupled system. The most attractive feature of this scheme that it can yield the exactly divergence-free magnetic field and current density on the discrete level. The unique solvability and unconditional stability of the scheme are also proved rigorously. By utilizing the energy argument, error estimates for the velocity, magnetic field and magnetic vector potential are further demonstrated under the low regularity hypothesis for the exact solutions. Numerical results are provided to verify the theoretical analysis and to show the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.
Empfehlungen für die Umgebungsuntersuchungen bei Tuberkulose – Update 2023
Authors: Diel Roland , Breuer Cornelia , Bös Lena , Geerdes-Fenge Hilte , Günther Annette , Häcker Brit , Hannemann Jörg , Nienhaus Albert , Priwitzer Martin , Witte Peter , Bauer Torsten
Published: August 2023

Ziel der Umgebungsuntersuchung bei Tuberkulose ist neben der aktiven Fallfindung das Aufdecken von Infektionsketten sowie die Verhütung der Weiterverbreitung der Erkrankung. Dabei ist eine sorgfältige Auswahl der Kontaktpersonen notwendig, die sich nach Art und Dauer des Kontaktes richtet, um möglichst frisch Infizierte zu identifizieren und so den Nutzen einer anschließenden präventiven Therapie zu erhöhen und unnötige Testungen von Personen ohne Ansteckungsrisiko zu vermeiden. Seit der letzten Überarbeitung der Empfehlungen zur Umgebungsuntersuchung hat sich die Datenlage zum Einsatz von Interferon-y release-Assays (IGRAs) bei Kindern weiterhin verbessert. Diese werden bevorzugt in der Umgebungsuntersuchung von erwachsenen Kontaktpersonen eingesetzt. Für Kinder unter 15 Jahren können sowohl IGRAs wie auch weiterhin der Tuberkulin-Hauttest gleichwertig verwendet werden. Als präventive Therapie bei nachgewiesener Infektion werden Rifampicin für 4 Monate, Rifampicin und Isoniazid für 3 Monate oder aber Isoniazid für 9 Monate empfohlen.

Ausführlich wird auf die Durchführung der Umgebungsuntersuchung in verschiedenen Altersgruppen sowie rechtliche Rahmenbedingungen und sozialmedizinische Aspekte und Herausforderungen eingegangen. Zusätzlich werden Sonderfälle, wie die Umgebungsuntersuchung in Kitas, Schulen oder in anderen Gemeinschaftseinrichtungen, separat dargestellt.
Duale Reha – neue Chance für optimierte Diabetesbehandlung
Authors: André Lukas , Kutschker Walter , Schwarz Peter E. H. ,   Abteilung für Ernährung/Diabetes
Published: August 2023

Knapp jeder fünfte stationäre Krankenhauspatient in Deutschland leidet an Diabetes mellitus. Diese Patienten benötigen die gleiche Versorgung wie Patienten mit Hauptdiagnose Diabetes. Mit der entsprechenden Kompetenz im Behandlungsteam könnte der Reha-Aufenthalt von Patienten mit der Zweitdiagnose Diabetes mellitus ideal genutzt werden, um neben der Rehabilitation der Haupteinweisungsdiagnose, gleichzeitig ein optimiertes Management des Diabetes mellitus mit dem Patienten während der Rehabilitation zu etablieren. Im Anschluss an die Rehabilitation kann durch das Diabetes-Team in der spezialisierten Reha-Einrichtung der Patient über einen längeren Zeitraum in seinem häuslichen Umfeld begleitet werden, z. B. durch den Einsatz von digitalen Gesundheitsanwendungen oder telediabetologischen Kompetenzzentren. Auf diese sogenannte Duale Reha spezialisierte Kliniken könnten somit im Sinne eines Chronic Care Managements einen holistischen Behandlungsauftrag umsetzen und nicht nur die Therapie der Primärdiagnose gewährleisten, sondern insbesondere bei der GKV-REHA auch umfassende Pflegenotwendigkeit verzögern. Diese Form der „Doppelbehandlung“ stellt als Duale Reha eine realistische Chance für eine Verbesserung der Behandlung von Menschen mit Diabetes mellitus dar.
Versorgungsstrukturen und Betreibermodelle: Chancen und
Herausforderungen des Frauenmilchbankwesens in Deutschland
Authors: Klotz Daniel , Berns Monika , Fusch Christoph , Schlößer Rolf Lambert , Pöschinger Markus , Wellmann Sven , Lange Anja Erika , Ascherl Rudolf Georg , Naust Barbara , Rauch Janaina , Karger-Seider Judith , Gebauer Corinna ,   für die Frauenmilchbank-Initiative
                        e. V.
Published: August 2023

Hintergrund Gespendete Muttermilch (Frauenmilch) aus Frauenmilchbanken ist
die empfohlene enterale Ersatznahrung für Frühgeborene, falls
Milch der eigenen Mutter nicht zur Verfügung steht. Frauenmilchbanken
sind Einrichtungen, in denen gespendete Milch unter definierten
Mindestanforderungen angenommen, untersucht, gelagert und an bestimmte
Frühgeborene und kranke Neugeborene, denen keine Muttermilch zur
Verfügung steht, ausgegeben wird.

Ziel der Arbeit In
diesem Betrag werden Strukturen und Betreibermodelle im deutschen
Frauenmilchbankwesen dargestellt sowie aktuelle und zukünftige
Herausforderungen beschrieben. Diese Übersicht soll die
bedarfsorientierte Planung einer flächendeckenden Versorgung von
Frühgeborenen mit humaner Milch unterstützen.

Material und Methoden Zusammenfassung einer Podiumsdiskussion mit dem
Titel „Betreibermodelle und Strukturversorgung: Chancen und Risiken des
Frauenmilchbankwesens in Deutschland“ während des 3. Symposiums
der Frauenmilchbank-Initiative e.V. vom 25.11. – 26.11.2022 in
Nürnberg.

Ergebnisse und Diskussion Unterschiedliche Betreibermodelle können
durch die Berücksichtigung individueller Infrastrukturen und
spezifischer lokaler und regionaler Bedürfnisse einen wichtigen Beitrag
zur Bereitstellung von Frauenmilch leisten. Neben dem Aufbau von
Frauenmilchbanken an einzelnen Standorten sollte Frauenmilch durch regionale
Netzwerke flächendeckend für alle neonatologischen Abteilungen
bundesweit vorgehalten werden. Grundlage der Versorgung von Neugeborenen mit
humaner Milch bleibt eine bedarfsgerechte Still- und
Laktationsförderung.
Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: Case Presentation and Literature Review of Treatment Innovation with Immunotherapy
Authors: Okafor Somtochi , Muzaffar Jameel , Jang David , Sayed Ivan El , Hachem Ralph Abi
Published: August 2023

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), a rare head and neck malignancy, arises from the epithelial lining of nasopharyngeal mucosa. The confluence of various risk factors, such as latent Epstein–Barr virus infection, genetic susceptibility, smoking, alcohol consumption, and high nitrosamine diet, is thought to contribute to NPC pathogenesis. Radiation therapy serves as the mainstay of treatment for early stage while concurrent chemotherapy and radiation are the basis of treatment for locoregional advanced disease with overall 80% five-year survival rate. Recurrent or metastatic disease pose treatment challenges as reirradiation, repeat cycles of chemotherapy, and surgery follow with high likelihood of treatment toxicity or postoperative morbidities. Typically reserved for nonresectable recurrent or metastatic disease, immunotherapy serves as novel treatment for NPC. NPC tumor microenvironment predominated by a dense infiltrate of immune cells hosts an ideal target for immunotherapy. Several clinical trials have investigated the efficacy of anti-programmed cell death protein 1 antibodies such as pembrolizumab, nivolumab, and camrelizumab with promising results. Treatment of recurrent and metastatic NPC remains a challenge; however, the advent of immunotherapy has provided additional options and potential for preventative and therapeutic measures.
Preventing Occupational Hearing Loss: 50 Years of Research and Recommendations from the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
Authors: Themann Christa L. , Masterson Elizabeth A. , Peterson Jeffrey Shawn , Murphy William J.
Published: August 2023

For more than 50 years, the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), part of the United States (U.S.) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), has been actively working to reduce the effects of noise and ototoxic chemicals on worker hearing. NIOSH has pioneered basic and applied research on occupational hearing risks and preventive measures. The Institute has issued recommendations and promoted effective interventions through mechanisms ranging from formal criteria documents to blogs and social media. NIOSH has conducted surveillance and published statistics to guide policy and target prevention efforts. Over the past five decades, substantial progress has been made in raising awareness of noise as a hazard, reducing the risk of occupational hearing loss, improving the use of hearing protection, and advancing measurement and control technologies. Nevertheless, noise remains a prevalent workplace hazard and occupational hearing loss is still one of the most common work-related conditions. NIOSH continues to work toward preventing the effects of noise and ototoxicants at work and has many resources to assist audiologists in their hearing loss prevention efforts.
Surgical Considerations for Treatment of Fungal Homograft Endocarditis in Re-re-re-re-do
Authors: Peivandi Armin , Dell'Aquila Angelo , Kaleschke Gerrit , Rukosujew Andreas
Published: August 2023

Fungal endocarditis is associated with high surgical mortality rates. Advanced expertise is required for surgical treatment of this serious condition. In the present report, we describe the homograft replacement in a beating heart during re-re-re-re-do in a 29-year-old female patient with fungal endocarditis. The previous operations included Fallot correction at the age of 1 year, Contegra graft implantation in the right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) due to severe pulmonary insufficiency, homograft implantation in pulmonary position due to Contegra endocarditis, and on-pump pericardial defect closure after homograft injury during sternal rewiring following wound infection.
Evaluation of Biological Mechanisms of Quanduzhong Capsule for Treating Osteoporosis by Integrating Untargeted Metabolomics and Network Pharmacology
Authors: Yu Fang-Fang , Huang Le-Yi , Li Man-Man , Cui Shi-Wen , Yuan Jie , Li Xiao-Feng , Wu Tong
Published: August 2023

Osteoporosis (OP) is a metabolic disease characterized by bone formation and resorption disturbances. Quanduzhong Capsule (QDZC) is a common treatment for OP in China; however, the effective components and metabolites of the drug after oral administration remain largely unknown. This study aims to identify the active components, analyze the metabolite changes, and investigate the underlying mechanism against OP. In the study, ovariectomy-induced rat OP model was established, then treated with QDZC. Alendronate sodium tablets (ASTs) were used as a reference drug. The chemical constituents of QDZC were analyzed by UPLC-QTOF-MS (ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry) and network pharmacology. The metabolomics was used to analyze differences in serum metabolites of rats in different groups [Sham, Model, Model + QDZC, and Model + AST] at 4, 8, and 12 weeks. Body weight and bone mineral density (BMD) were assessed. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to determine serum levels of Akt, p-Akt, ERK, and p-ERK. Our data suggested 86 different chemicals from QDZC, including nine core compounds. QDZC significantly regulated 25 biomarkers linked to arachidonic acid metabolism and unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis, and promoted serum expression of Akt, p-Akt, ERK, and p-ERK. QDZC might act by activating PI3K-Akt and MAPK signaling pathways. In addition, QDZC may use arachidonic acid derivatives to inhibit osteoclast generation and bone resorption and enhance calcitriol formation to improve calcium absorption and increase bone mass.
Robotic Surgery and Hospital Reimbursement
Authors: Yim Nicholas H. , McCarter Jacob , Haykal Tareck , Aral Ali M. , Yu Jessie Z. , Reece Edward , Winocour Sebastian
Published: August 2023

The field of plastic surgery remains at the forefront of technological and surgical innovation. However, the promising applications of robotics in plastic surgery must be thoughtfully balanced with hospital finances and reimbursements. Robotic systems have been studied extensively across multiple surgical disciplines and across diverse health care systems. The results show that there may be equal or better patient outcomes than alternatives. In an era where fiscal responsibility in health care is a top priority, thoughtful budgeting and spending must be considered and revisited frequently to attain sustainable organizational models that ensure appropriate use of robotic technology.
Robotics in Implant-Based and Autologous Breast Reconstruction
Authors: King Brody W. , McCarter Jacob H. , Burns Heather R. , Soleimani Shirin , Maricevich Marco A. , Yu Jessie Z.
Published: August 2023

Autologous and implant-based breast reconstruction continues to evolve as new technology and mastectomy techniques become available. Robotic-assisted breast reconstruction represents a growing field within plastic surgery, with the potential to improve aesthetic and functional outcomes, as well as patient satisfaction. This article provides a review of indications, techniques, and outcome data supporting the use of robotic assistance in both implant-based and autologous breast reconstruction from surgeons around the world.
Ectropion of the Lower Lip Following Deep Burns an Approach to Correction
Authors: Sawhney C. P.
Published: August 2023

Recurrence of deformity after correction of the ectropion of the lower lip is fairly common. It can be prevented by slight over-correction and use of proper splints for 6-9 months in the post-operative period. Design of one such splint and the results have been discussed.
Management of Post Burn Contracgture Using Tensor Fascia Lata Myocutaneous Flap
Authors: Verma Pramod Kumar
Published: August 2023

Role of Tensor Fascia Lata myocutaneous flap in the management of a grain contracture has been evaluated. Its advantages and merits have been discussed alongwith a review of the literature.
Cleft Lip: The Three Affected Siblings
Authors: Srivastava J. L. , Narayan R. P.
Published: August 2023

Three siblings having cleft lip in a family are being reported. The probable of herediatary transmission has been discussed. The severity of deformity in the last affected sibling was found to be less than the 1st and 2nd sibling.
Extensive Loss of Cranium and Scalp Following Electrical Burns—Interesting Features
Authors: Takkar K. L. , Srivastava J. L.
Published: August 2023

Small scalp defects can be repaired by mobilisation, rotation, transposition or advancement of local flaps. Conventional ‘visor’ flaps are not sufficient for covering larger losses. The remnant scalp even upto 50 percent can be used with advantage provided the temporal areas are intact and are in continuity with the undamaged portion of the scalp left out anteriorly or posteriorly. The cases of extensive loss of cranium and scalp following electrical burns are presented here to highlight some important observations.
A Conservative Approach to Advanced Malignancies of the Head and Neck
Authors: Kumar P. A. Vinod , Breach N. M.
Published: August 2023

A case of extensive basal cell carcinoma of the upper third of the face treated by a combination of radiotherapy and reconstructive surgery is reported. This conservative approach is advocated when curative excision is unlikely to be successful.
Unilateral Hypertrophy of the Mandibular Condyle
Authors: Raibagkar Santosh , Patel Jayesh , Vyas U. H.
Published: August 2023

Unilateral hypertrophy of the mandibular condyle is not an uncommon entity. About 150 case have been reported so far. From India, Only two cases have been reported. On account of this rarity, it is our pleasure to report the following case.
Debriphor in Chronic Ulcers
Authors: Khanna N. N. , Kumar A. , Khanna S.
Published: August 2023

Debriphor, a dextran polymer has absorbent properties. In the present study twenty patients of chronic ulcers in adults have been treated with this substance with good results.
Thumb Reconstruction in an Electrically Injured Hand
Authors: Bhattacharya V. , Goel S. C. , Sinha J. K. , Tripathi F. M.
Published: August 2023

We present a case of severely damaged right hand due to electrical injury in a young boy. There was loss of thumb and index finger with exposed phalanges of middle finger. The hand was salvaged by reconstructing the thumb and preserving the middle finger. An adequate functional and cosmetic recovery was achieved.
Use of Autografts and Homografts in Keloid Surgery
Authors: Singla S. P. , Lal Madan , Puri V. K. , Rai Sotantar
Published: August 2023

To evaluate the use of homografts in surgical treatment of keloids in comparison to the use of autografts in twenty-five patients the lesions have been excised intrakeloidally. Half of the resultant wound was covered with homograft and the other half with autograft. To eliminate individual variations of wound healing, the autografts and homografts have been used in the same patient. The results in respect of cure (32 percent in both groups) and recurrence rate (68 percent autograft, 64 percent homograft) are almost similar in both experimental and control wounds. It takes longer time (30-40 days) for wound healing with homograft as compared to (7-10 days) with autograft. Keloid formed in 5 (20 percent) patients at donor site of autograft. Use of homograft spared the patients from new keloid formation at donor sites.
Short Frenulum Prepuce
Authors: Goel T. C. , Dubey P. C. , Chandra H.
Published: August 2023

Twenty-seven patients of short frenulum, 15 acquired type and 12 congenital, are being presented. It produces difficulty in preputial retraction and dyspareunia. It can be effectively treated by frenuloplasty.
Congenital Double Lip (A Report of 4 Cases)
Authors: Singla S. P. , Puri V. K.
Published: August 2023

Four cases of congenital double lip are reported along with discussion on aetiological and epidemiological aspects of this anomaly.
Functional Recovery Following Radial Nerve Repair
Authors: Roychowdhury Siti
Published: August 2023

Fifteen patients of radial nerve injury were managed by funicular apposition in six, neurolysis in three, grafting in one, tendon transfers in two and conservatively on three occasions. Functional recovery following procedures on the nerve was observed anywhere between 4-8 months after surgery. External splinting with light short cock up splint was as good as internal splinting and did not entail any prolonged loss of work. In the two patients where tendon transfers were done recovery was faster.
Conversion of a 3D printer for versatile automation of dip coating processes
Authors: Rauh F. , Bienek O. , Sharp I. D. , Stutzmann M.
Published: August 2023

The necessity of increased sample throughput has led to increased usage of robotic systems and automation of sample preparation processes. Many devices, especially for dip coating applications, are mechanically simple but, nevertheless, require large financial investments. Here, a low-cost alternative to commercial dip coaters based on a readily available 3D printer is presented and resulting films are compared to those obtained from an exemplary commercial device. The 3D printer-based device is able to automate the dip coating process by performing complex multi-layer procedures using up to six different dipping solutions for a batch of up to six samples, potentially saving the many person-hours otherwise spent changing solutions and/or samples of more simple but also more expensive commercial systems. Coatings can be defined in terms of the sample used, dipping height, acceleration, speed, and the solution to be dipped into. The film quality from the home-built is compared to a representative commercial system with exemplary dip coating processes based on the deposition of thin films of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) from an ethyl acetate solution. The thin film quality is investigated by spectroscopic ellipsometry and profilometry. The film thicknesses achieved by both systems were comparable, and the home-built system performs similarly and, in some instances, better than the commercial one in terms of uniformity and roughness. Due to the similar performance, the higher level of automation, and significantly lower cost, the presented conversion of a 3D printer is a viable alternative to acquiring a commercial dip coating device.
Experimental observation of a field-aligned ion beam produced by magnetic reconnection of two flux ropes
Authors: Tang S. W. , Gekelman W. , Sydora R. D.
Published: August 2023

An ion beam field-aligned to the background guide field (B0=330 G) was observed in a reconnection experiment on the Large Plasma Device and, to the authors' knowledge, is the first experimental observation of its kind. Two kink-unstable flux ropes (L = 11 m, d = 7.6 cm) were made to collide, which allows magnetic reconnection to occur. Sub-Alfvénic ion beams with energies of up to 15 eV were then observed from measurements of the local ion energy distribution function. The beam ions do not appear to be heated. They were correlated with the collision of the ropes and appear to be energized by magnetic reconnection. The results and interpretation of the measurements are supported by three-dimensional gyrokinetic particle simulations of the merging flux ropes and electric field measurements from previous experiments [W. Gekelman et al., Astrophys. J. 853, 33 (2018)]. The mechanism behind the acceleration appears to be non-local.
Ultra-wide-band plasma composite absorbers enhanced by phase gradient metasurface incorporation
Authors: Wenyuan Zhang , Haojun Xu , Xiaolong Wei , Pei Feng
Published: August 2023

To overcome some drawbacks in the application of plasma stealth technology, a composite absorbing structure composed of a closed plasma and a phase gradient metasurface (PGM) for broadband abnormal reflection is proposed. According to the polarization conversion function of PGM and the anomalous regulation of reflected waves, a PGM for broadband reflective polarization conversion based on a biarc metallic structure is designed to realize linear polarization conversion. The cross-polarization conversion rate reaches more than 90% in a wide frequency range of 7.1–23.4 GHz, and an abnormal reflection angle of ∼44.5° can be generated at a frequency of 12.0 GHz. The plasma structure is superimposed with the designed PGM to construct a composite absorbing structure (PS-PGM), and the electromagnetic attenuation effect of x-polarized waves of different frequencies is studied. It is discovered that adjusting the discharge power increases the attenuation effect of the PS-PGM and by adjusting the pressure of the working gas, the effective attenuation frequency band of the PS-PGM can be changed. As a result, the wave-absorbing properties of the plasma are improved because the propagation distance of electromagnetic waves in the plasma structure can be increased due to the abnormal reflection of electromagnetic waves by the PGM.
Dependence of ion charge-energy emission from Nd:YAG-laser-produced plasma on laser intensity in the 0.4–40×1010 W/cm2 range
Authors: Poirier Lucas , Lassise Adam , Hoekstra Ronnie , Sheil John , Versolato Oscar O.
Published: August 2023

We experimentally characterize the ionic emission, including the individual charge states Snz+ (z=1, …, 8), from laser-produced tin plasma as a function of the intensity of the employed ns-pulsed laser. The plasma is generated in a vacuum from tin microdroplets (diameter ranging from 17 to 35 μm) using pulsed Nd:YAG laser light (laser wavelength λ=1.064 μm) over a range of intensities (0.4–40×1010 W/cm2). We measure charge-state-resolved and integrated ion energy distributions at seven angular positions around the plasma using seven retarding field analyzers. We highlight peak features in both types of spectra and describe the dependence of their energies on laser intensity with power-law functions. The resulting power laws match those derived from plasma radiation hydrodynamics theory. The analytical scaling laws exhibit strong isotropy, while the ion energy spectra are highly anisotropic.
Effect of charge and solvation shell on non-radiative decay processes in s-block cationic metal ion water clusters
Authors: Kumar Ravi , Ghosh Aryya , Vaval Nayana
Published: August 2023

Intermolecular Coulombic decay or electron transfer-mediated decay are the autoionization processes through which a molecule can relax. This relaxation is only possible if the inner valence’s ionization potential (IP) exceeds the system’s double ionization potential (DIP). To study the effects of charge and solvation shell, we have calculated the IP, DIP values, and lifetime of Na-2s and Mg-2s temporary bound states in various optimized structures of Na+-(H2O)n and Mg2+-(H2O)n (n = 1–5) micro-solvated clusters, where n water molecules are distributed in a way that some are directly bound to the metal ion and the rest to the water molecules. The first and second solvation shells are the names for the former and the latter water-binding positions, respectively. For a given n, the lifetime of decaying states is longer when water molecules are in the second solvation shell. We found that the Mg-2p state can decay for all n values in Mg2+-(H2O)n clusters, whereas the Na-2p state’s decay is possible for n ≥ 2 in Na+-(H2O)n clusters. Our findings highlight the influence of metal ions’ charge, different solvation shell structures, and the number of water molecules on the decay rate. These systems are relevant to the human body, which makes this study significant.
Heteroclinic cycles and chaos in a system of four identical phase oscillators with global biharmonic coupling
Authors: Arefev Aleksei M. , Grines Evgeny A. , Osipov Grigory V.
Published: August 2023

We study a system of four identical globally coupled phase oscillators with a biharmonic coupling function. Its dimension and the type of coupling make it the minimal system of Kuramoto-type (both in the sense of the phase space’s dimension and the number of harmonics) that supports chaotic dynamics. However, to the best of our knowledge, there is still no numerical evidence for the existence of chaos in this system. The dynamics of such systems is tightly connected with the action of the symmetry group on its phase space. The presence of symmetries might lead to an emergence of chaos due to scenarios involving specific heteroclinic cycles. We suggest an approach for searching such heteroclinic cycles and showcase first examples of chaos in this system found by using this approach.
Magnetic quadratic nodal line with spin–orbital coupling in CrSb
Authors: Wu A. Junxiang , Zhang B. Zeying , Liu C. Jian , Shao D. Xiaohong
Published: August 2023

Quadratic nodal lines (QNLs) with quadratic band splitting in the Brillouin zone have different properties from conventional linear nodal lines. In this study, based on symmetry analysis and first-principles calculation, we prove that magnetic quadratic nodal line (MQNL) exists in antiferromagnetic configurations of one single realistic solid-state material CrSb with the P63′/m′m′c structure that breaks the time-reversal symmetry. In magnetic systems with the non-negligible spin–orbit coupling effect, we show that nodal lines with a quadratic leading order dispersion can be realized around Fermi level. Moreover, CrSb shows four long Fermi arcs near Fermi energy level resulting from six pairs of Weyl points with opposite chirality. Our results reveal a promising platform for exploring the topological states with intriguing effects. We hope that the proposed realistic material can be viewed as ideal candidate to realize the MQNL in solid-state materials.
The coupling between the interlayer magnetic order and Davydov splitting modes in few-layer CrI3
Authors: Wu Xiaohua , Zhang Yujun , Wang Qiaoming , Li Gaomin , Pei Shenghai , Chen Shoujing , Chen Junyang , Zhao Yue , Huang Mingyuan
Published: August 2023

The magnetic order in 2D material CrI3 has a significant impact on the Raman polarization selection rules of phonons, as evidenced by magneto-optical Raman spectroscopy. In a monolayer, the forbidden Raman scattering of A1g mode can be detected in the XY channel at low temperatures. However, in the bilayer, the Ag mode splits into two modes, and the selection rules of the splitting modes are determined by the magnetic order and symmetry. In contrast, the inversion symmetry of the spin structure is maintained in both antiferromagnetic (AFM) and ferromagnetic (FM) states in the trilayer (3L) CrI3, and the evolution of its Raman scattering with magnetic field is not yet clear. In this work, we use magneto-optical polarized Raman spectroscopy and reflective magnetic circular dichroism to investigate the Davydov splitting of the Ag phonon mode and its coupling to layered magnetism in 2–5L CrI3. Our results show that the Raman scattering of the Ag mode is strongly coupled to the layered magnetic order, indicating strong spin–phonon coupling in CrI3. Our study might shed light on the research on interaction between magnetic and vibrational properties of 2D magnetic materials and provide important implications for developing novel 2D spintronic devices.
First principles simulation of reacting hypersonic flow over a blunt wedge
Authors: Grover Maninder S. , Verhoff Ashley M. , Valentini Paolo , Bisek Nicholas J.
Published: August 2023

This article presents molecular-level analysis of a reactive, near-continuum, Mach 21 nitrogen flow over a blunt wedge using the direct molecular simulation (DMS) method. The flow conditions lead to internal energy excitation and dissociation in the flow field, resulting in thermal and chemical nonequilibrium in the flow. Thermal nonequilibrium in the vibrational mode is observed to extend to the molecular level, where the vibrational energy distributions at various points in the flow field are observed to be non-Boltzmann. Furthermore, this is the first reactive DMS calculation where the wall is assumed to be isothermal and full momentum accommodation of the particles is enforced, hence incorporating viscous wall effects. Since the DMS method uses a quantum mechanically generated interaction potential as its only modeling input, all thermochemical and transport properties of the flow field can directly be attributed to the ab initio potential energy surface. Using the DMS solution as a benchmark, this article assesses the performance of Navier–Stokes computational fluid dynamics solutions using lower fidelity two-temperature models. Two models are chosen as points of comparison: the well-known Park two-temperature model and the recently developed modified Marrone and Treanor model.
Corrigendum to: Factors associated with emergency department service outcomes for people with a mental health problem brought in by police: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Wardrop Rachel , Ranse Jamie , Chaboyer Wendy , Young Jesse T. , Kinner Stuart A. , Crilly Julia
Published: August 2023

ObjectiveThis study aimed to identify factors associated with an emergency department (ED) length of stay ≥4 hours (h) and hospital admission for people with a mental health problem brought in by police. MethodsWe undertook a retrospective, observational cohort study of state-wide adult ED mental health presentations brought in by police from 1 January 2012 to 31 December 2017. We used multivariable logistic regression to determine factors associated with an ED length of stay ≥4 h and hospital admission. ResultsIn total, 9325 ED presentations with a mental health problem brought in by police to Queensland EDs were included. Factors most strongly associated with an ED length of stay ≥4 h included an Australasian Triage Score (ATS) of 1, an age of 85 years or older, night shift arrival and subsequent hospital admission. For hospital admission, an ATS of 1, an age of 85 years or older and an ED length of stay ≥4 h were the strongest factors. ConclusionFindings indicate opportunities for targeted mental health models of care to better support people brought in by police to an ED. Such models should involve ED, pre-hospital providers (police and ambulance) and mental health services to support early intervention and potentially reduce the likelihood of a long ED length of stay and subsequent hospital admission.
Interannual variation in a freshwater recreational fishery under the influence of drought, bushfires, floods and a global pandemic
Authors: Ochwada-Doyle Faith A. , Miles Nathan , Hughes Julian M. , Murphy Jeffrey J. , Stark Kate E. , Lowry Michael B. , West Laurie D. , Taylor Matthew D.
Published: August 2023

Context As social–ecological systems, recreational fisheries often vary temporally in response to environmental changes affecting ecological processes and human behaviour. Monitoring such variability in this ecosystem service can guide adaptive management measures for sustainability. Aims This novel research for Australian, sought to quantify interannual changes in the freshwater recreational fisheries of five key (i.e. commonly caught) finfish species (Murray cod, Maccullochella peelii; golden perch, Macquaria ambigua; Australian bass, Percalates novemaculeata; brown trout, Salmo trutta; and rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss) in relation to a series of extreme climate-related events and the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods Annual estimates during 2013–14, 2017–18 and 2019–20 of freshwater fishing effort and catch across New South Wales, Australia, were derived from off-site surveys and compared in relation to a severe drought period, the ‘Black Summer’ bushfires, widespread flooding and the COVID-19 pandemic, all of which affected fish productivity or human mobility. Key results There were significant declines in fishing effort between 2013–14, the year preceding the extreme environmental events and the pandemic, and 2017–18 and 2019–20. Catch across the five species was also significantly lower in 2019–20. Catch of species such as golden perch and rainbow trout declined from 2013–14 to 2019–20. Conclusions and implications This study can inform adaptive measures against societal and climate-related changes in weather by enabling scientists and managers to identify problematic trends.
Using RADseq to resolve species boundaries in a morphologically complex group of yellow-flowered shrubs (Geleznowia, Rutaceae)
Authors: Anderson Benjamin M. , Binks Rachel M. , Byrne Margaret , Crawford Andrew D. , Shepherd Kelly A.
Published: August 2023

The morphologically complex and charismatic genus Geleznowia (Rutaceae) is endemic to south-western Australia and faces existing and potential conservation issues associated with land clearing, climate change and commercial harvesting. Two species are currently recognised in the genus, but horticulturally recognised forms and phrase-named taxa reflect additional suspected species diversity. The genus exhibits complicated and subtle patterns of morphological variation that have historically inhibited delimitation of taxonomic entities and, as a result, precluded effective conservation assessments. Here we used ddRAD data from 25 populations across the range of Geleznowia to elucidate genomic diversity in the group in conjunction with morphological re-assessment so as to delimit species and revise the taxonomy. Our analyses consistently identified seven entities that maintain genomic distinctiveness even in sympatry with other entities, supporting the inference of reproductive barriers and lineage divergence. Morphological assessment of more than 300 specimens corroborated these seven taxa. Consequently, we recognise seven species of Geleznowia in Western Australia, retaining G. amabilis K.A.Sheph. & A.D.Crawford, recircumscribing G. verrucosa Turcz., reinstating G. calycina (J.Drumm. ex Harv.) Benth., and naming four new species as G. eximia K.A.Sheph. & A.D.Crawford, G. narcissoides K.A.Sheph. & A.D.Crawford, G. occulta K.A.Sheph. & A.D.Crawford, and G. uberiflora K.A.Sheph. & A.D.Crawford.
Explanations for latitudinal diversity gradients must invoke rate variation
Authors: Saupe Erin E.
Published: August 2023

The latitudinal diversity gradient (LDG) describes the pattern of increasing numbers of species from the poles to the equator. Although recognized for over 200 years, the mechanisms responsible for the largest-scale and longest-known pattern in macroecology are still actively debated. I argue here that any explanation for the LDG must invoke differential rates of speciation, extinction, extirpation, or dispersal. These processes themselves may be governed by numerous abiotic or biotic factors. Hypotheses that claim not to invoke differential rates, such as ‘age and area’ or ‘time for diversification’, eschew focus from rate variation that is assumed by these explanations. There is still significant uncertainty in how rates of speciation, extinction, extirpation, and dispersal have varied regionally over Earth history. However, to better understand the development of LDGs, we need to better constrain this variation. Only then will the drivers of such rate variation – be they abiotic or biotic in nature – become clearer.
Cultural transfer and the sociology of translation
Authors: van de Pol-Tegge Anja
Published: August 2023

The sociology of translation has opened up a broad field of research in recent years. Nevertheless, the autonomy
of this research line has been relativized since this ‘sociological turn’ was preceded by the ‘cultural turn’ in translation
studies (TS). Consequently, the focus of research should be on the interaction between translation and culture when analyzing
sociological aspects in TS. Therefore, in this article, the concept of cultural transfer is used as a processual basis for the
study of sociological aspects of a literary transfer in tandem with the way a target culture influences a translation and subjects
it to its own ideas. This allows for interpreting all activity regulated by various actors from the perspective of the receiving
culture. Focusing on the reception of recent Dutch and Belgian literatures in Germany, the presented approach offers innovations
in the study of literary transfer while also acknowledging methodological challenges.
The role of the human-canine bond in recovery from substance use disorder: A scoping review and narrative synthesis protocol
Authors: Dell Colleen , Kosteniuk Brynn , Doi Carolyn , Chalmers Darlene , Butt Peter
Published: August 2023

Recovery from substance use disorder (SUD) can be conceptualized as a personal journey that includes connection with self and others, as well as animals – known as the human-animal bond (HAB). Research shows that canines are the most common type of animal integrated into animal-assisted interventions to support people with SUD and that there is growing acknowledgement of companion animals in the lives of people with SUD. Yet, to our knowledge, there has been no review of the evidence related to the role of canines specific to SUD and recovery. To address this gap, the objective of this scoping review is to examine the literature on the role of the human-canine bond with respect to recovery from SUD among adolescents and adults, including how the bond may help or hinder recovery. The review will consider papers that describe the human-canine bond with respect to SUD recovery in any recovery- or therapy-related setting globally. Several databases will be searched for published and unpublished literature in the English language from database inception to present. The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology for scoping reviews will be used, and two independent reviewers will screen titles, abstracts, and full texts, and extract information from the included articles using a piloted data extraction sheet. The reference lists of included articles will be examined for any additional sources. A thematic approach will be used to examine the extracted data, and the findings will be presented using a tabular analysis and a narrative summary.