bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The modern concept of tourism marketing on the example of Ukraine and Poland
Authors: Soboń Janusz , Rogozińska-Mitrut Joanna , Selezneva Ruslana , Sapun Konstantin
Published: December 2021

The marketing environment of the tourism business can be conditionally divided into two parts: internal and external. Marketing control is a constant, systematic and impartial verification and assessment of the state and processes in the field of marketing, in other words, comparing the norm and the real state. The need of the Ukrainian tourism industry for direct investment significantly exceeds the existing investment offer in the domestic financial market. In today's realities of Ukraine, there are many conditions for increasing the interest of potential foreign investors in the international tourism business, but there are a number of conflicting factors.
The current state of formation and implementation of the existing tourism potential, taking into account the Ukrainian market of tourism services, can be characterized as uneven. In the case of Poland, a more systematic approach to the development of the international tourism business is typical. The active cooperation of local entrepreneurs in the development of the tourism function of the region has a positive impact on their own competitiveness by increasing the level of value created in the value chain for tourists. Recommendations are given for the further development of Ukrainian tourism business marketing based on Polish experience, the basic principles that should be implemented in the marketing activities of Ukrainian tourism enterprises, while finding state, regional and local authorities support, which ultimately can give a positive result for the development of the industry and the country as a whole.
Strategic Thinking about Security in Cyberspace
Authors: KOZUB Marian , Mitręga Adrian
Published: December 2021

Since its emergence, cyberspace has been developing dynamically. It has become an information and communication sphere for billions of people, and thus plays an increasingly important role in our lives, as many political, economic, social and cultural activities now take place in virtual space. Nevertheless, with the widespread use of the Internet and people’s growing dependence on information and communication technologies, threats from cyberspace have become a significant factor directly related to social stability and national security. Protection against threats that have appeared in cyberspace has become an important issue for countries and international organisations, as consequences to a cyber-attack may be equally as serious as a military attack. Therefore, the aim of this article is to present the relationship between strategic thinking and security in cyberspace.
Who is the teacher? Cultural – linguistic image of educationist in students’ eyes
Authors: Kubiak Monika
Published: December 2021

The article presents the cultural - linguistic image of a teacher. To make an investigation of this phenomena, the ethnolinguistic system S-A-T has been used. This system, created by Jerzy Bartmiński, is one of the foremost instruments to collect research resources. The S-A-T triad was built from three components: (S) - dictionary data, (A) - survey data and (T) - selected texts from culture. In the beginning, the teacher lexeme will be shown in terms of philosophy, history, pedagogy and didactics. Then, the information collected from data acquired from several dictionaries: etymological, Polish, phraseological and synonyms dictionary will be presented before the survey’s evaluation placed in the end of the article. Students were obligated to give answers for questions related to broadly defined topic of teaching in the context of teacher as a person with synonymous and idiomatic expressions associated with. Next, respondents had to explain who, to their minds, the teacher is. Further questions referred to features of a perfect pedagogue (in primary and secondary school student’s eyes) and justice at school. They were also asked for giving some writings (from literature, cinema and music), where the character of a good teacher can be found.
Second Life of Third Places
Authors: Berezowska Linda
Published: December 2021

One of the main characteristics of Oldenburg’s concept of Third Places is the condition of being a neutral space, friendly to everyone regardless of social status, age or gender. The concept, in its intended course, enables social activities that go beyond easily available cognitive prescriptions. Consequently, Third Places seem to play an important role in the process of formation of communities. They can be perceived as „places in between”; on the borderline of domestic intimacy and the imposed sterility of the workplace. There is an atmosphere of „freedom from” socialization and „freedom to” engage in relations with „familiar strangers” (Milgram, 1977). This essay aims to demonstrate the possibility of existence the virtual third places and present the argument that the way in which such social spaces develop and operate is a key factor in the implementation and functioning of virtual urban spaces. Self-determined social world Second Life will serve as an example.
Humanities after ZOZO
Authors: Bielak Tomasz , Kopczyk Michał
Published: December 2021

[Introduction to the volume entitled: Humanities after ZOZO (2021, No. 2 [37]). The issue is dedicated to Professor Anna Węgrzyniak on the occasion of the anniversary.]
Plain Polish medical language – an attempt to simplify a fragment of the epicrisis
Authors: Łomzik Magdalena
Published: December 2021

For over a decade, actions have been undertaken in Poland aimed at facilitating communication between citizens and offices based on the plain English principles. Texts formulated in this way are referred to as texts in plain Polish. In Germany, such studies and initiatives also cover medical records. This article aims to attempt to formulate a fragment of the epicrisis in plain Polish and to define the techniques used. The paper presents the key principles of formulating texts in plain language on the basis of the transformation of various types of specialist texts known from literature, selected German initiatives to simplify medical documentation and the characteristics of the Polish medical language and medical documentation. Next, a fragment of the epicrisis was simplified and the techniques used were described. In order to verify the effectiveness of the changes made in the text, the understandability of both texts was analyzed using the available applications.
Alpinist adaptive potential and the dynamics of adaptation in Janusz Klarner’s „Nanda Devi”
Authors: Kopel Konrad
Published: December 2021

Alpinist expedition to the Nanda Devi was the first Polish successfully ended hiking in the Himalaya. Nanda Devi was a very tough challenge for Polish team but after many dangerous situations they finally reached the peak. As a next step alpinists wanted to reach Tirsuli peak. Unluckily, two of the expeditors were buried in an avalanche on the slopes of a glacier. Janusz Klarner (the member of the Polish alpinists team) after few years wrote a book Nanda Devi which is based on his private expedition journal. The main thesis of the article is that reaching Nanda Devi was possible by the accurate speed of adaptation. The Himalaya was a completely different and unknown place for Polish alpinists. Alpinists were forced to various adaptations in many different situations. In the article author analyses emerging changes and adaptations. Among them are symbolic, cultural, technical and axiological adaptations. Using Deleuze's findings from Bergsonizm, the author recognizes that the capacity for appropriately dynamic adaptation is the result of an appropriate arrangement occurring at a point in time. To sum up, an author considers various connections between cultural patterns, personal causality and environmental considerations.
“The taste of a man’s adventure” or Przewóz by Andrzej Stasiuk
Authors: Węgrzyniak Anna
Published: December 2021

Przewóz (Transit) is a novel dominated by the Bug river – we flow down its stream as the story flows onward. The narrative interweaves many strands, the motif of the ferryman – the boatman named Lubko, and his customers from 1941 is complemented by the memories of the narrator, who is an autobiographic creation here. The novel’s wartime events (June of 1941) are located by the author in his native Polesie, where he spent his childhood holidays at his grandparents’ house. On the one side are Russians, on the other – Germans, who are running away, crossing the Bug by a pontoon bridge, while the swamp by the river swarms with Home Army soldiers, refugees, Jewish siblings... Chaos, darkness, tense waiting for an invitation to the boat. Any moment now the Bug will become the Styx, and Lubko will be transformed into Charon.
The Conservative North – the Phonological Makeup of Northern English Features
Authors: Kocel-Duraj Agnieszka
Published: December 2021

The Northern English dialect has always been a source of curiosities and many contrasts, boggling the mind of linguists who would wish to confine it within some limits of linguistic definitions. Starting from its Old English forefather, Northumbrian, onwards, the Northern dialect has proved to be both influential and resistant to external influences. Its borders defy clear categorization as understood by clear-cut variables, providing more for a fuzzy and volatile framework of relations among different Northern varieties. This is somewhat justified by the very nature of the Northern speech which seems to be a product of as much the history as the culture and tradition so deeply rooted in the hearts of Northerners. Against the backdrop of folklore and popular myths surrounding the local varieties, the Northern tongue has developed its unique features based on two contrasting linguistic trends in morphology and phonology. Among those, one can observe strong innovative and influential tendencies in the area of morphology and much resistance to changes or external influences in terms of phonology. It seems particularly surprising that the phonological analysis of the Northern dialect will very often appear to be an analysis of the dialect of the past with many characteristics having remained unaltered since the old times and being now a symbol of pride and affinity for a particular social group. The aim of this article is to investigate some of those phonological relics, trying to “establish historical continuities” and relating the today’s forms to the past. The analysis will include both vowels and consonants, focusing predominantly on such concepts as the retention of [U], lack of diphthongization, lack of palatalization, rhoticity, and the cluster [xw], and it will involve textual examples from modern times backwards. The results of such a study should present a reliable picture of the Northern dialect, which, despite its morphologically innovative nature proved earlier, is characterised by conservative and traditional phonological values, adding colour to the Northerners’ speech and ensuring its special status within the English dialectal family.
The image of a modern shaman. A literary example of Ida Brzezińska
Authors: Moskal Angelika
Published: December 2021

Abstract: The shaman figure is most often associated with primitive communities, inhabiting, among others Siberia. The shaman plays one of the most important roles in them - he is an intermediary between the world of people and the world of spirits. Responds to, among others for the safe passage of souls to the other side and protects her from evil spirits. However, is there room for representatives of this institution in contemporary Polish popular literature? How would they find themselves in the 21st century? The article aims to show the interpretation of the shaman on the example of Ida Brzezińska, the heroine of the books of Martyna Raduchowska. I intend to introduce the role and functions of the „shaman from the dead”, juxtaposing the way Ida works (including reading sleepy margins from a rather unusual dream catcher, carrying out souls and the consequences that await in the event of failure or making contact with the dead) with the methods described by scholars shamans. The purpose of the work is to show how much Raduchowska tried to adapt shamanism in her work by modernizing it, and how many elements she added from herself to make the story more attractive.
Poems from closed forest. Draft about trees in Michał Książek’s works
Authors: Chylińska Ilona
Published: December 2021

Paper aims to explore forest clues in Michał Książek’s works. The main one is book of poetry called Północny wschód ,which contains poems about tree cut in Białowieża Forest. Poet was against that cut and took an active part in protest. Author of the paper contemplates bonds between humans and trees, also experiencing forest by all senses. She tries to examine temporality that is written into woods, too.
"Uncanny" in Joanna Bator's novel Dark, Almost Night
Authors: Nawarecka Lucyna
Published: December 2021

Analysing gothic motifs in Joanna Bator's novel, the author finds uncanny objects like a key or a knife. However, the most terrifying motif connected with the "dismemberment" of the body of the Wałbrzych prophet is deprived of the uncanny because of its satirical approach. However, it can be found in motifs related to motherhood.
Regret tale, or Ignacy Karpowicz’s Cicho, cichutko [Quiet, real quiet]
Authors: Romaniszyn-Ziomek Lidia
Published: December 2021

Cicho, cichutko (2021) is the most recent novel by Ignacy Karpowicz which joins the growing ranks of the writer’s postmodernist experiments. The key to the interpretation of the text is the title, which points to the possible readings and welds together its diverse, ripped structure. My essay is an attempt to read and order the suggested senses tangled in one associational tale. It is dominated by the themes of dying, death, and memory.
Media-style autobiography (as exemplified by Unauthorized autobiography of Kuba Wojewódzki)
Authors: Tyc Ewelina
Published: December 2021

The subject of a detailed analysis presented in this article is the Unauthorized Autobiography of Kuba Wojewódzki. A thorough review of the collected source material enabled the author to characterize this popular genre and indicate its role in a media space. The genological description draws attention to four aspects of the genre pattern. The regularities or deviations from the canonical pattern perceived in this area deepen the knowledge of contemporary autobiography and allows one to capture what makes it attractive.
Understanding of insulin pump therapy among parents of children with type 1 diabetes
Authors: Waluś-Pelan A. , Hornik B. , Włodarczyk I. , Janusz-Jenczeń M. , Pelan M.
Published: December 2021

The study aimed to analyze the level of awareness among parents of children undergoing therapy using a personal insulin pump and focus specifically on those elements of treatment that create problems for caregivers.
Three Guttmanns on the banks of the Rivers Thames and Cherwell
Authors: Avi Ohry
Published: December 2021

Three Jewish neuro-scientists found refuge from the Nazis in the UK and spent a fruitful scientific period in Oxford at the same time: Eric (Erich) Guttmann, Ernest Gutmann, and Ludwig Guttmann.
Keywords: history of neuroscience, England, refugees, Eric (Erich) Guttmann, Ernest Gutmann, Ludwig Guttmann.
Integrated Regional Operational Programme as an instrument for supporting local and regional development in the perspective of EU funds for 2021-2027
Authors: Stasiak Jacek
Published: December 2021

The implementation of the IROP objective concerned the policy of regional development of the state, contributed to economic growth, decentralisation of state management, structural transformation of regions, increase in urbanisation, increasing the spatial mobility of the population, increasing the level of knowledge and access to the most modern technologies for the society and business entities.
MIGRATIONS - JOURNEYS OF THE BROKERS - IN THE CONTEXT OF CONTEMPORARY AND FUTURE THREATS TO THE SECURITY OF 21ST CENTURY EUROPE
Authors: Piotrowska Anna , Kopczewski Marian , Nowicka Julia , Ciekanowski Zbigniew
Published: December 2021

Contemporary and future threats to Europe in the 21st century constitute an important element of the European Union's security policy. Ongoing wars, terrorism, religious fanaticism and extreme poverty in third world countries led to a drastic wave of refugees that flooded Europe. The article presents the problem of threats related to the increasing migration, as well as the activities of the European Union aimed at preventing the migration crisis. The issue of Syrian refugees fleeing in desperation to Europe, a Europe that does not necessarily welcome them with open arms, was raised. The aim of the presented study is to analyze the situation of contemporary Europe in the context of threats related to the phenomenon of migration. Statistical data published by the most important institutions of the EU Member States, including data related to crimes committed by citizens who are not indigenous people of Europe, were thoroughly analyzed. Eurostat research, data disseminated by the Federal Criminal Police Office in Germany or statistics published by the Italian Istat were used. The conclusions from the above research allowed to verify the hypothesis that the migration crisis is a factor in the multifaceted destabilization of contemporary Europe, and the phenomenon of migration should be considered in this context. Due to the limited volume of the article, the author of the publication presented the most important legal bases regulating legal and illegal immigration, which will facilitate the understanding of the European Union's operation on the issue of interest to us.
Preparation of nanocellulose by hydrolysis with ionic liquids and two-step
hydrolysis with ionic liquids and enzymes
Authors: Babicka Marta , Woźniak Magdalena , Szentner Kinga , Borysiak Sławomir , Dwiecki Krzysztof , Ratajczak Izabela
Published: December 2021

The aim of this study was to compare parameters of nanocellulose obtained by two different procedures:
hydrolysis with ionic liquids (1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate) and
hydrolysis with ionic liquids in combination with hydrolysis using a cellulolytic enzyme from Trichoderma reesei.
Avicel cellulose was treated with two ionic liquids: 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (AmimCl) and 1-ethyl 3-methylimidazolium acetate (EmimOAc). In the two-step hydrolysis cellulose after treatment with ionic liquids
was additionally hydrolyzed with a solution of enzymes. In order to characterize the obtained material, the
following analyses were used: infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and dynamic light scattering. The results
indicated that cellulose obtained by two-step nanocellulose production methods (first hydrolysis with ionic liquids
and then with enzymes) showed similar parameters (particle size, XRD patterns and degree of crystallinity) as the
material after the one-step process, i.e. hydrolysis with ionic liquids.
Investigation of selected properties of the black elder wood (Sambucus nigra L.)
Authors: Kozakiewicz Paweł , Dadon Marcin , Marchwicka Monika
Published: December 2021

Investigation of selected properties of the black elder wood (Sambucus nigra L.). The work has defined the selected chemical, physical and mechanical properties of the black elder wood, such as content of non-structural substances, shrinkage and density, speed of sound propagation, dynamic modulus of elasticity, acoustic resistance and sound attenuation, modulus of elasticity, bending strength, compressive strength, Brinell hardness, cold and hot-water extractives content and pH of hot-water extract. The black elder wood is hard and moderately shrinking. Mechanical properties are reduced by going from the pith to the perimeter, which is most likely affected by the increasing twist of the fibres. The distance from the pith also affects the acoustic properties and the size of the shrinkage, while the density remains constant.
Classics of Polish Design. Furniture Icons from the Polish People's Republic (PRL)
Authors: Różańska Anna , Szymczyk Joanna , Kujawa Ludwika , Balcerzak Karolina
Published: December 2021

Classics of Polish Design. Furniture Icons from the Polish People's Republic (PRL) presents a review of the best Polish furniture designs from the Polish People's Republic: the 1950s and 1960s. The paper continues the series devoted to the "Classical Polish Design", presenting the results of research on Polish post-war furniture and the icons of Polish design, carried out within the framework of dissertations in the Department of Wood Technology in the Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW). Some of the innovative furniture designs have been analysed in the hereby article. We present a chronologically organised review of designs that aspired to become breakthrough and timeless (design icons), with the author's background and the furniture's style, structure and materials.
The quality of the wood bonding depending on the method of applying the selected thermoplastic biopolymers
Authors: Gumowska Aneta , Kowaluk Grzegorz
Published: December 2021

The quality of the wood bonding depending on the method of applying the selected thermoplastic biopolymers. The aim of the research was to determine the effect of the method of applying the biopolymer on the surface of bonding solid wood elements on the quality of the obtained adhesive connection. The results of conducted mechanical research show that the highest average value of shear strength was observed for birch lamellas bonded with PLA, both with the first and second method of application. In case of estimating the quality of the bonding of wooden elements, better results were achieved for PLA and the second method of application the "green" adhesive.
Programy modernizacji Sił Obronnych Izraela w latach 2015–2024
Authors: Zych Joanna , Przybylak Michał
Published: December 2021

Autorzy próbują ustalić kierunki modernizacji Sił Obronnych Izraela (IDF) na podstawie analizy programów przyjętych po 2015 roku i ujęcia ich w szerszym aspekcie uwarunkowań bezpieczeństwa państwa. Przeanalizowali dwa najnowsze programy modernizacji – „Gideon” i „Momentum”, przyjęte na lata 2016–2019 i 2020–2024, a także wdrażany w tym samym czasie plan rozwoju wojsk lądowych. Ocenili poziom zaawansowania realizacji wymienionych programów oraz perspektywy ich wdrażania w kontekście pandemii COVID-19 i dynamicznie zmieniającego się środowiska bezpieczeństwa na Bliskim Wschodzie. Wnioski z analizy pozwoliły na ustalenie, że proces modernizacji IDF jest ukierunkowany na dostosowanie ich struktur i liczebności oraz metod i środków walki do zagrożeń o charakterze asymetrycznym
Evaluating the Relationship Between Myofascial Pain Syndrome (MPS) and Physical and Mental Health Status in Patients with Stroke
Authors: Hatefi Masoud , Nouri Lida
Published: December 2021

Background: Myofascial pain syndrome (MPS) is a non-inflammatory disorder with muscle stiffness and pain that occurs with the appearance of palpable and irritating nodules in the muscular system. Stroke is one of the most common neurological diseases that in many cases leads to disability and reduction of quality of life (QOL). Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between MPS and physical and mental health (MH) status in patients with stroke. Methods: Using available sampling method, this case-control study included 260 patients with stroke. To collect data, demographic characteristics, Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), 36-item Short Form Survey (SF-36), and Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) were used. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 16. Mean and standard deviation were used for descriptive statistics and independent t-test, paired t-test, and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used for inferential tests. Results: While the pain score was 6.35 (1.39), QOL score was 38.86 (11.69), and MH score was 16.26 (2.75) in the intervention group, these scores were 2.15 (0.96), 63.96 (17.52), and 9.02 (4.63), respectively, in the control group. The results showed no statistically significant relationship between MPS and QOL. But there was a statistically significant relationship between MPS and MH, so that the MH status of patients with MPS was lower than the MH status of other patients. Conclusions: Necessary interventions have been done to improve the health status of patients with MPS, which will lead to an increase in the health status of these patients.
Association Between rRT-PCR Test Results Upon Admission and Outcome in Hospitalized Chest CT-Positive COVID-19 Patients: A Provincial Retrospective Cohort with Active Follow-up
Authors: Nemati Saeed , Najari Hamid Reza , Eftekharzadeh Anita , Kazemifar Amir Mohammad , Qandian Ali , Fattahi Pedram , Abdi Sepideh , Saeedi Elnaz , Zokaei Nikoo Maedeh , Rouhollahi Mohammad Reza
Published: December 2021

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic imposed the most devastating challenge on healthcare systems worldwide. Iran was among the first countries that had to confront serious shortages in reverse-transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) testing for severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and ventilators availabilities throughout the COVID-19 outbreak. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the clinical course of hospitalized COVID-19 patients with different real-time RT-PCR test results during the first three weeks of the outbreak in Qazvin province, Iran. Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, patients with a positive chest computed tomography (CT) scan for COVID-19 who were admitted to all 12 hospitals across Qazvin province, Iran, between February 20 and March 11, 2020, were included and followed up until March 27, 2020. A multivariate logistic regression model was applied to compare the independent associates of death among COVID-19 patients. Then, patients were categorized into six groups based on admission to the intensive care unit (ICU) and rRT-PCR test status (positive, negative, or no test). Also, multilevel logistic regression was used to compare the odds of surviving in each group against the reference group (PCR negative patients not-received ICU) to show if the rational allocation of ICU occurred while its capacity is limited. Results: In this study, we included 998 patients (57% male; median age: 54 years) with positive chest CT scan changes. Among them, 558 patients were examined with rRT-PCR test and 73.8% tested positive. Case fatality rate (CFR) was 20.68 and 7.53% among hospitalized patients with positive and negative tests, respectively. While only 5.2% of patients were admitted to the ICU, CFR outside ICU was 17.70 and 4.65% in patients with positive and negative results not admitted to the ICU, respectively. Conclusions: Total CFR in all hospitalized COVID-19 patients in Qazvin province during the first three weeks of the pandemic was 11.7%. Also, according to the results, the main risk factors included a positive rRT-PCR test, age more than 70 years, and having two or more comorbidities or just immunodeficiency disorders. Hence, the ICU admission criteria or prioritized ICU beds allocation should be considered with more emphasis on rRT-PCR results when the capacity of ICU beds is low.
Evaluation of the Correlation Between Cardiac Troponin I Versus Causes of Admission and In-Hospital Mortality in End-Stage Renal Disease Patients
Authors: Taheri Shahram , Tavassoli-Kafrani Zahra , Hosseini Sayed Mohsen
Published: December 2021

Objectives: There are arguments regarding the relationship between the level of cardiac troponin I (cTnI) and presence of cardiac diseases in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. This study aimed to determine the relationship between positivity of cTnI and cause of admission and patients’ outcome in ESRD patients. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, all ESRD patients who had checked cTnI and admitted to two university hospitals in Isfahan, Iran were enrolled. The patients’ demographic characteristics, cause of admission, and outcome were correlated with cTnI positivity. Results: Out of a total of 348 ESRD patients, 100 subjects had positive cTnI. There was a positive correlation between age and admission in Al-Zahra hospital with positive cTnI. In contrast, vascular access complication and hypertension had a negative correlation with positivity of cTnI. The results of multiple logistic regression analysis showed that factors including age (OR: 1.04; 95% CI: 1.01 - 1.07; P: 0.004) and infections (OR: 3.1; 95% CI: 1.3 - 7.3; P: 0.009) were associated with increased risk of in-hospital mortality. In contrary, exit site infection (OR: 0.11; 95% CI: 0.01 - 0.8; P: 0.03) and hypertension (OR = 0.32; 95% CI: 0.14 - 0.77; P = 0.01) were associated with decreased risk of mortality. Although cTnI positivity correlated with patients’ in-hospital mortality (OR = 2.038). Conclusions: Although positive cTnI had a borderline association with in-hospital mortality in ESRD patients, further multicenter studies with larger sample size are required to confirm the results.
Evaluating the Effects of Spraying Oxytetracycline on Diabetic Foot Ulcers: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Kazemzadeh Gholam Hosein , Ravari Hasan , Nabavizadeh Masomeh , Pasban Noghabi Saeid
Published: December 2021

Background: Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) can be created due to neuropathy and peripheral vascular disease in the lower limbs. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of spraying oxytetracycline on DFU. Methods: This randomized clinical trial was conducted on 60 diabetic patients suffering from DFU. The patients were randomly assigned into two equal groups of intervention and control (n = 30 each). While all subjects received antibiotic therapy, blood sugar control, and, if necessary debridement, the intervention group received oxytetracycline spraying on the DFUs twice a day. After the intervention, the patients were visited every week (for three weeks), photos were taken of the DFUs by special software, and the size of the DFUs was checked. The DFUs were also studied in terms of purulent discharge, the smell, and erythema, and edema around the ulcer. After three weeks, the healing of ulcers were compared in the two groups. Data were gathered and analyzed using the SPSS software version 11.5, descriptive statistical test, chi-square, and t-test. Results: Before the study, the size of the DFUs in the intervention and control groups was 110.87 ± 38.3 and 127.12 ± 40 mm2, respectively. After the treatment, the alterations in the intervention group in the first, second, and third weeks were 14.90 ± 14.41, 26.93 ± 18.86, and 41.25 ± 19.51, respectively. Also, in the control group, the alterations were 19.45 ± 1.35, 23.78 ± 5.31, and 13.29 ± 8.75, respectively. There was a statistically significant difference in the size of DFUs between the two groups (P < 0.05). Conclusions: According to the results, spraying oxytetracycline on DFUs facilitated the process of healing. Thus, it can be used as an affordable, available, and effective method.
The importance of a realistically determined amount of tax on property rights relating to the ownership of agricultural land in the Republic of Serbia adopted by tax authorities of local self-government units
Authors: Popović Slobodan , Vitomir Jelena , Tomaš-Miskin Sonja , Davidov Tatjana , Nastić Sanda , Popović Vera , Popović Dragana , Vitomir Goran
Published: December 2021

It has been argued for a long time in academic papers which corporate governance factors have a significant impact on gains of a great number of businessmen. However, such studies rarely examine the impact taxation issues on agriculture. This paper differs from other published papers because its focus is tax on agricultural land in an economy in transition. The primary aim of the authors was to find rules in taxpayers' conduct after being served tax decisions issued by local tax authorities with the assessed tax. The following aim was to find out how tax authorities respond to receiving complaints on the assessed tax lodged by the affected tax payers. The conclusions are as follows: first, there is a difference in tax amounts assessed by local tax authorities relating to property rights of taxpayers resulting from their ownership of agricultural land: second, there is a significant difference in tax amounts assessed following the complaints lodged by taxpayers in all four categories of tax rates set by tax authorities for the four respective zones.
Economic significance, nutritional value and application of triticale
Authors: Babić Violeta , Rajičić Vera , Đurić Nenad
Published: December 2021

Triticale is a new type of real grain, which was created by the breeding and selection of a man. This species deserves more and more attention from both domestic producers and producers on a global scale because it encompassed all the positive properties of wheat and rye. The paper clearly presents the knowledge about the importance, nutritional value and application of triticale and the effect of its usage in a diet of monogastric animals. The variety of uses, appropriate chemical composition, acceptable and studied breeding technology, classifies triticale as an irreplaceable source of energy and protein needs of animals. Due to its multiple usages: for grain, fodder and as a raw material for biofuel, contributes to the economic sustainability of crop production. The needs of this plant at the level of agrotechnical investments are less than in other cereals, so triticale is increasingly presented in organic and sustainable agricultural production.
Implementing artificial intelligence as a part of precision dairy farming for enabling sustainable dairy farming
Authors: Radun Viktor , Dokić Dragan , Gantner Vesna
Published: December 2021

The purpose of this paper is to consider implementation of Artificial Intelligence as a part of Precision Dairy Farming, as a way of processing, analyzing and managing Big data, in order to enable sustainable dairy cattle farm. Increasing the volume of livestock production in the future and measuring the level of environmental impact becomes one of the most pressing concerns. The aim is to evaluate the impact of animal's production level on the ammonium pollution from dairy cattle farm using precision dairy farming technologies. The results indicate significant variability in estimated ammonium pollution from dairy cattle farms due to the animal's production indicating positive correlation between daily milk production and ammonium pollution. The test day records, as Artificial Intelligence application in precision dairy farming could be used both for assessing the ammonium pollution from farms and timely prevention and correction of inadequate management towards sustainable dairy production systems.
Generation Z consumers' motives and barriers to purchasing organic food products in Serbia
Authors: Vehapi Semir , Mitić Sanja
Published: December 2021

The aim of this study is to identify and analyze the main motives and barriers for purchasing organic food in the Generation Z market segment in Serbia. A quantitative study was conducted through a survey questionnaire filled out by 213 students from three universities. The results are based on descriptive statistics, the independent samples t-test and the analysis of variance. Quality and health protection and improvement are identified as the primary motives for purchasing organic food, proving that egoistic motives prevail over altruistic ones. The most important barriers hindering organic food consumption are high price, lack of information, and limited availability. The willingness of Generation Z members to accept high market prices for organic food depends on their monthly household income. These findings could be used by organic food producers and retailers to predict buying behavior and adapt their promotional activities on the Serbian market.
Analysing the legal aspect of freedom of expression within the framework of political discourse: The current situation in legislature and judicial practice in the Republic of Serbia
Authors: Stevanović Aleksandar
Published: December 2021

In this paper, the author considers the importance of the right to freedom of expression with specific reference to political speech, which is undoubtedly an important precondition for the establishment of democratic institutions. Free political speech encourages a well-informed and politically sophisticated citizenry to take part in political life. Thus, political speech has a privileged position in terms of legal protection. However, in some cases, the limits of freedom of expression can come into questions, as well as the scope of political speech. It is a well-established stance that politicians need to tolerate a greater degree of criticism due to their positions. Nevertheless, they also need to be protected when it comes to the endangerment of their personal rights, beyond justified political discussion.
Online teaching at the Universidad Veracruzana: Emerging strategies and challenges
Authors: del Pilar , Gidi Martí
Published: December 2021

In this paper, we briefly dissert past pandemics throughout history before addressing Covid-19. The objective is to describe the effects it has had on higher education and especially language, translation, and research teaching, as well as the challenges that have been faced with shifting from face-to-face lessons to online learning with help from information technologies. The advantages and disadvantages of this educational approach in a postgraduate context are reviewed, and the solutions that had to be implemented to offer quality education and avoid negative consequences for students' learning. This project explains the strategies applied by the authorities, professors, and students at the Universidad Veracruzana. It is a qualitative interpretative study in which the data was collected through semi-structured interviews. The most interesting findings were the writing and speaking improvements of the students, given the thorough review from their professors and peers. Moreover, they learned to construct their knowledge and become more autonomous in search of solutions to the problems during confinement. At the same time, the professors learned to operate multiple e-learning platforms so as not to stay behind. In conclusion, all involved learned to be more resilient and positively look at life, despite the obstacles.
Istraživanje stavova studenata o primeni Microsoft Teams platforme u nastavi engleskog jezika
Authors: Prošić-Santovac Danijela , Bulatović Vesna , Kaurin Tanja
Published: December 2021

Information technology (IT) can greatly contribute to the efficiency of the educational process by providing teachers with a variety of educational activities. However, apart from obvious advantages in terms of new organizational forms of teaching, there are also potential challenges. Organizing foreign language classes, and in this paper we focus on English language classes, only in online format is a specific challenge. Microsoft Teams platform, supported with selected applications and functions provided by the platform, was used for English classes. These applications and functions were used for improving students' language skills: 1) OneNote Notebook and Chat for developing writing skills, 2) News for developing reading skills, 3) Microsoft Stream and Speech Recognition for developing speaking skills, and 4) Sharing the Screen for developing listening skills. The participants in the research were students of the upper-intermediate level English course who attended the entire course online and they were surveyed with the aim of collecting information about their attitudes towards the platform, applications, and functions. Based on their responses to open-ended and close-ended questions, it may also be concluded that for the majority the experience with attending the online English course is positive. The research results indicate that the potential of using the Microsoft Teams platform in teaching English language is considerable and that the platform, apart from its simple and functional interface, provides an opportunity for improving language skills in an innovative, interactive, and stimulating environment.
Onlajn-nastava romanskih književnosti i kultura u doba pandemije virusa korona
Authors: Sekeruš Pavle , Kovačević-Petrović Bojana , Jevremov Tanja
Published: December 2021

The World Health Organization declared a coronavirus pandemic on March 11, 2020. Measures taken to prevent the spread of the virus have dramatically changed the functioning of schools and forced teachers and students around the globe to adapt quickly to virtual teaching with which many had no previous experience. While exploring the circumstances in which the online teaching of French and Hispanic literature and culture took place at the Department of Romance Studies at the Faculty of Philosophy, University of Novi Sad (FFUNS), we faced a series of questions that needed to be addressed: how students master new technologies, what is their attitude towards online teaching, what shortcomings did they notice, and what made it easier for them to learn the subject content. The first part of the paper provides an overview of the selected literature on virtual teaching published in French, Spanish, English, and Serbian, while the second part presents an analysis of a survey conducted among the students of the Department of Romance Studies at FFUNS who attended classes during the pandemic. The obtained results, valuable both for the improvement of online literature and culture classes and for virtual teaching in general, indicated that the majority of the surveyed students have a negative or moderately negative attitude towards online teaching, while more than a half rated online teaching as equally or less difficult as face-to-face teaching, emphasizing a more flexible organization of time and greater opportunities for using the multimedia content in literature and culture classes. Based on the students' answers, it turns out that the achieved results measured by the number of the passed exams and grades do not differ significantly in relation to the lectures in the classroom.
CRM and customer data: Challenges of conducting business in digital economy
Authors: Bakator Mihalj , Đorđević Dejan , Ćoćkalo Dragan , Ćeha Milenko , Bogetić Srđan
Published: December 2021

Enterprises are facing difficulties in achieving and maintaining competitive ability amidst globalized markets. In the modern business environment, an effective CRM is an imperative for retaining customers. As CRM systems rely on customer data, it is important to secure data integrity. This paper thoroughly analyses the challenges of enterprises, CRM and customer data. The main goal of this paper is to provide an overview of existing literature and business practice in the domain of CRM. In addition, a model for improvement of CRM is developed. The model is based on the results of conducted review, and as such, it presents an approach towards enhancing CRM systems while taking into consideration the integrity of customer data.
Review of methods for migrating software systems to microservices architecture
Authors: Stojkov Aleksandra , Stojanov Zeljko
Published: December 2021

Majority of software systems in business use, known as legacy systems, have monolithic structure hard to maintain and upgrade with new features. The most common option to overcome this situation is reengineering of existing software systems, which can be perform in different ways and with different outcomes. One of the recent most popular approaches is migration to microservices architectures, which makes distribution of software functionalities in small and independent units possible. Each unit, called microservice is self-contained and independent, which makes system manipulation and modification easier. Several methods for migration to microservice architecture have recently been proposed. This article presents a review of methods for migrating existing systems towards microservices. In addition, this article presents software artifacts affected by migration methods and used algorithms. Implications and benefits of the presented study, as well as validity issues are discussed, followed with concluding remarks and future research directions.
Effect of pyrolysis temperature on desulfurization performance of high organic sulfur low rank coal
Authors: Xia W. , He W. , Sokolović J.
Published: December 2021

The sulfur in coal not only influences the coke quality but also pollutes the environment during the combustion. The desulfurization of high organic sulfur coal is a key issue in coal cleaning science. As the pyrolysis has been used in low-rank coal conversion to obtain gas/liquid products and coal char, the desulfurization effects of pyrolysis on the low-rank coal with high organic sulfur requires further studies. This study investigated the desulfurization performance of high organic sulfur low-rank coal by the pyrolysis and the changes in the coal calorific value and sulfur forms during the pyrolysis. The XPS was applied to analyze the changing regulation of sulfur that forms on coal surface. The results indicated certain amount of FeS was newly created during the pyrolysis and high amounts of sulfate sulfur was transferred to pyrite sulfur and formed more FeS2 when compared to the distribution of raw coal. The total sulfur content of coal was reduced from 2.32% for raw coal to 1.68% for 700 °C pyrolysis coal and then the pyrolysis temperature had little effect on the sulfur content. The net calorific value (at constant volume and air-dry basis) was increased from 17.38 kJ for raw coal to 24.35 kJ for 700 °C pyrolysis coal. The pyrolysis temperature of 700 °C may be the best pyrolysis temperature for both low sulfur content and high calorific value.
"The second sex" of pain and laughter: Painful giggling transressions of gender divide
Authors: Stošić Mirjana
Published: December 2021

By the mid-20th century, Simone de Beauvoir has published an important and ground-breaking research into the facts, myths and living experience of "the second sex" (Le Deuxième Sexe, 1949). Drawing on contemporary theories based on phenomenology and existentialism, de Beauvoir argues that the "man" is a historical idea, and the woman as a "becoming". At the end of the 20th century pain studies have gained vast attention in political theory, especially in political effect theory and "new materialism". Numerous studies have neglected de Beauvoir's frequent arguments dealing with "women's pain" and women's agency in human mitsein, particularly regarding the woman's embeddedness in social myths that "feminise" the body of a woman, as a form of crisis and resistance to be subjected to species and reproduction. This paper deals with the crisis and critique of physiological, economic, psychological and social disposability of female bodies. In addition, this research re-questions the limits of physical, semiological, cultural and political dissemination of (female) laughter, seen through the lens of interruptions and destabilizations of the hegemonic gender discourse incarcerated within the gender divide. Consequently, we are to open up a space for interrogating the "irony of giggle" as a form of resistance to the contemporary body politics - as a non-place, devoid of any political agency.