bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Relationship between Humanness and Knowledge Sharing in Malaysia Empirical Evidence from Malaysian Managers
Authors: Boom Ilona H. , Pennink Bartjan W.
Published: September 2018

This paper explores whether there is a relationship between humanness and the willingness to share knowledge in Malaysia. Furthermore, the differences between the Malay, Chinese and Indian ethnicities are researched for the presence of humanness and the willingness to share knowledge. Two hundred and fourteen respondents from privately owned companies participated in this research showing that there is a strong relationship between humanness and knowledge sharing. However, the differences between the three ethnicities are small, which is a surprising finding. It can be concluded that people-oriented managers (one of the ways to express humanness) are more willing to share knowledge, and differences between ethnicities have no influence in this matter. From these results, it can be recommended to managers and organizations in Malaysia that they pay more attention and be aware of their management style.Stressing the humanness aspects more as they are described could improve the knowledge transfer within companies.
Dynamic Marketing and Service Innovation for Service Excellence
Authors: Hariandja Evo S. , Simatupang Togar M. , Nasution Reza A. , Larso Dwi
Published: September 2018

This study aims at creating a framework describing how the interaction capabilities between dynamic marketing and service innovation can influence service excellence. In this study market sensing, market learning, market targeting or positioning are classified as dynamic marketing capabilities (DMC), while sensing, seizing, and transformi ng are classified as service innovation capabilities (SIC). Hence, the drivers of service excellence for the framework being developed are divided into three main categories: dynamic marketing capability, service innovation capability, and their interaction. The findings of the study  on three hotels, ranging from 4-star to 5-star hotels and operating in Indonesia, suggest that both capabilities and their interaction play their roles in achieving service excellence.Abstrak: Riset ini bertujuan untuk menciptakan kerangka yang menggambarkan bagaimana kapabilitas interaksi antara pemasaran dinamik dan inovasi jasa dapat mempengaruhi keunggulan layanan. Dalam riset ini, penginderaan pasar, pembelajaran pasar, target pasar serta positioning diklasifikasikan sebagai kapabilitas pemasaran dinamik (DMC), sementara penginderaan (sensing), merebut (seizing), dan transforming diklasifikasikan sebagai kapabilitas inovasi jasa (SIC). Oleh karena itu, penggerak keunggulan layanan untuk kerangka yang dikembangkan dibagi menjadi tiga kategori utama: kapabilitas pemasaran dinamik, kapabilitas inovasi jasa, dan interaksi diantara kedua kapabilitas. Temuan studi pada tiga hotel yang dijadikan sebagai studi kasus di hotel bintang 4 (empat) dan 5 (lima) yang beroperasi di Indonesia, menunjukkan bahwa kedua kapabilitas dan interaksinya memainkan peran mereka dalam mencapai keunggulan layanan.
Fraud Firms and the Matching Principle: Evidence from Korea
Authors: Hong Jooyeon , Paek Wonsun Gamaijb@gmail.com
Published: September 2018

This paper examines whether the degree of matching for poor-performing fraud firms varies depending on the strength of the causal relation between expenses and revenues. A stronger causal relation exists between revenues and operating expenses than between revenues and total expenses that include non-operating expenses as well as operating expenses. Fraud firms have stronger incentives for managing earnings. Given that managing earnings is easier when using non-operating items than when using operating items, the degree of matching is (not) lower for fraud firms than for non-fraud firms at the strong (weak) level of the causal relation between revenues and expenses. Empirical results suggest that the degrees of matching are different between fraud and non-fraud firms only at the strong level of the causal relation between revenues and expenses. This result implies that the investigation of the matching model at a strong level of the causal relation between revenues and expenses is more effective than that at a weak level of the causal relation, with regard to examining the degree of matching for fraud firms. This study contributes to the literature by providing evidence on the importance of the level of the causal relation when examining the degree of matching.
Interest Rates Targeting of Monetary Policy: An Open Economy SVAR Study of Malaysia
Authors: Karim Zulkefly Abdul , Karim Bakri Abdul
Published: September 2018

This paper examines the implementation of monetary policy during the interest rates targeting in a small-open economy (i.e. Malaysia) by using an open-economy structural VAR (SVAR) study. It tests the effect of foreign shocks upon domestic macroeconomic fluctuations and monetary policy, and examines how effective monetary policy is in influencing macroeconomic variables. The results show that during interest rates targeting, monetary policy plays a significant role in affecting macroeconomics variables. This finding suggests that monetary policy has an important role as a stabilization policy in a small-open economy.
Stock Market Integration: Are Risk Premiums of International Assets Equal?
Authors: Setiawan Kusdhianto
Published: September 2018

This paper studies previous research on capital market integration and applies a simple international capital asset pricing model by considering the incompleteness in market integration and heteroscedasticity of the market returns. When we disregarded those two factors, we found that stock markets were integrated and the law of one price on risk premiums prevails. However, when the factors were considered, the markets were just partially integrated.
Technology Readiness and E-Commerce Adoption among Entrepreneurs of SMEs in Bandung City, Indonesia
Authors: Astuti Novika Candra , Nasution Reza Ashari
Published: September 2018

The emergence of internet-based electronic commerce offers considerable opportunities for companies to expand their customer base, enter new product markets, and rationalize their business. The Indonesian government has initiated and implemented a series of plans and activities to promote technology use to increase SMEs’ performance. Despite such efforts, technology adoption rate are still low. Therefore, it is important to understand the factors affecting an entrepreneurs’ decision on internet adoption, by measuring technology readiness (TR). The purpose of this study is to investigate TR and the extent to which E-commerce is adopted amongst entrepreneurs. This study is replication of Parasuraman’s study on the Technology Readiness Index (TRI). Questionnaires were distributed using a convenience sampling method to 190 entrepreneurs of SME in Bandung city. The findings indicate that entrepreneurs are moderate in terms of their TR. There are significant differences in terms of TR across entrepreneurs’ backgrounds (gender, age, education, and income). In relation to internet adoption by those surveyed, as their use of media promotion is still low, there were only 36.3 percent who adopted it. The results clearly indicate the need to provide support to SMEs to adopt and use e-commerce. These results have implications not only for managers of SMEs but also for government agencies in developing countries such as Indonesia. The findings have implications for researchers and practitioners by identifying TR drivers (optimism and innovativeness), and barriers (discomfort and insecurity), that contribute to effectively leveraging the Internet in an important area for SMEs.
Service Quality and the Mediating Effect of Corporate Image on the Relationship between Customer Satisfaction and Customer Loyalty in the Malaysian Hotel Industry
Authors: Cheng Boon-Liat
Published: September 2018

Service quality is vital to the success of  any service organization. The rapid growth of the Malaysian hotel industry in the 2000’s forced hotel operators to seriously recognize the importance of service improvement in order to gain competitive advantage. This study aims to examine the impact of service quality on customer satisfaction, and how customer satisfaction subsequently affects customer loyalty in the hotel industry in Malaysia. This study also investigates the mediating effect of corporate image  on the  relationship between customer satisfaction and customer loyalty.  A systematic  sampling approach was adopted  to collect data through self-administered questionnaires from 500 hotel guests. Preliminary data analysis, descriptive analysis, reliability test and regression analysis were adopted to ana-lyze  the  reliability  of  items and the  hypothesized  relationships  in the  proposed  research model.  The findings revealed that perception of service quality is significantly related to customer satisfaction, which in turn generates positive customer loyalty in the hotel industry. Besides, corporate image is found to be a partial mediator in the relationship between customer satisfaction and customer loyalty. Overall, the find-ings of this study would help hotel operators to formulate and implement effective marketing manage-ment strategies to cope with the keen competition in the hotel service industry.
The Behavior of Indonesian Stock Market: Structural Breaks and Nonlinearity
Authors: Setianto Rahmat Heru , Abdul Manap Turkhan Ali
Published: September 2018

This study empirically examines the behaviour of Indonesian stock market under the efficient market hypothesis framework by emphasizing on the random walk behaviour and nonlinearity over the period of April 1983 - December 2010. In the first step, the standard linear unit root test, namely the augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) test, Phillip-Perron (PP) test and Kwiatkowski-Philllips-Schmidt-Shin (KPSS) test identify the random walk behaviour in the indices. In order to take account the possible breaks in the index series Zivot and Adrews (1992) one break and Lumsdaine and Papell (1997) two breaks unit root test are employed to observe whether the presence of breaks in the data series will prevent the stocks from randomly pricing or vice versa. In the third step, we employ Harvey et al. (2008) test to examine the presence of nonlinear behaviour in Indonesian stock indices. The evidence of nonlinear behaviour in the indices, motivate us to use nonlinear unit root test procedure recently developed by Kapetanios et al. (2003) and Kruse (2010). In general, the results from standard linear unit root test, Zivot and Adrews (ZA) test and Lumsdaine and Papell (LP) test provide evidence that Jakarta Composite Index characterized by a unit root. In addition, structural breaks identified by ZA and LP test are corresponded to the events of financial market liberalization and financial crisis. The nonlinear unit root test procedure fail to rejects the null hypothesis of unit root for all indices, suggesting that Jakarta Composite Index characterized by random walk process supporting the theory of efficient market hypothesis.
Investigating the Joint Effects of Strategy, Environment and Control Structure on Performance
Authors: Gani Lindawati , Jermias Johnny
Published: September 2018

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of misfit between competitive environment, business strategy and control structure on performance. We argue that the misfit between competitive environment, business strategy and control structure has significant negative implications on shareholder value creation associated with firms’ Joint Venture formation. Based on data of publicly-traded US manufacturing firms that announce a joint venture formation, we found that firms that have perfect fit are valued higher than those with both strategy and structural misfits and also those with structural misfit. Contradictory results were found when comparing firms with perfect fit with those that have strategy misfit. Further analyses indicate that all those strategy misfit firms operate in high entry barriers, where firms can compete effectively using either innovation or cost efficiency strategy due to the fact that they possess resources that are difficult to be imitated by their competitors.
An Investigation on the Audit Committees Effectiveness: The Case for GLCs in Malaysia
Authors: Jamil Nurul Nazlia , Nelson Sherliza Puat
Published: September 2018

Financial reporting quality has been under scrutiny especially after the collapse of major companies. The main objective of this study is to investigate the audit committee’s effectiveness on the financial reporting quality among the Malaysian GLCs following the transformation program. In particular, the study examined the impact of audit committee characteristics (independence, size, frequency of meeting and financial expertise) on earnings management in periods prior to and following the transformation program (2003-2009). As of 31 December 2010, there were 33 public-listed companies categorized as Government-Linked Companies (GLC Transformation Policy, 2010) and there were 20 firms that have complete data that resulted in the total number of firm-year observations to 120 for six years (years 2003-2009).  Results show that the magnitude of earnings management as proxy of financial reporting quality is influenced by the audit committee independence. Agency theory was applied to explain audit committee, as a monitoring mechanism as well as reducing agency costs via gaining competitive advantage in knowledge, skills, and expertise towards financial reporting quality. The study is important as it provides additional knowledge about the impact of audit committees effectiveness on reducing the earnings management, and assist practitioners, policymakers and regulators such as Malaysian Institute of Accountants, Securities Commission and government to determine ways to enhance audit committees effectiveness and improve the financial reporting of GLCs, as well as improving the quality of the accounting profession.
Development of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises and Their Constraints: A Story from Indonesia
Authors: Tambunan Tulus T. H.
Published: September 2018

The main aim of this paper is to discuss recent development of micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) and their current problems in Indonesia, based on analysis of secondary data on their performance focusing on their contribution to gross domestic product (GDP) and productivity, and their constraints. It shows that their GDP share is larger than that of large enterprises (LEs). But it is mainly because their number is huge, while their productivity is low. Their main constraints are mainly high cost of raw materials, marketing difficulties, and lack of capital.
Alliance formation: A Study of the Malaysian Automobile Supporting Industry
Authors: Abdul Ghani Ahmad Bashawir , Tull Malcolm
Published: September 2018

Competition  in  global  industries  is  shifting  increasingly from  inter-firm  rivalry  to  rivalry  between  networks  of  firms. Strategies of individual  firms are thus contingent on the degree of interdependence that exists between them and the parent firm in the network. The present study examines the effect of network affiliation on a member firm’s decision to enter a foreign market and  international  strategic  alliance  formation.  Affiliate  firms have two options available to them: (1) enter into a competitive strategic alliance with a competitor or (2) enter into a symbioticstrategic alliance with  the parent firm of the network organiza-tion.  We tested  this assertion  using  data  from archival  sources on  sixty-five  Japanese  automobile  suppliers  that  had  set  up strategic  alliances  in  Malaysia  and  that  belonged  to  various inter-organizational  networks.  Results  indicate  that  when  affili-ate firms are dependent on the parent firm, they prefer to form symbiotic  strategic  alliances.  Conversely,  affiliate  firms  prefer competitive  strategic  alliances  with  competitors  when  they  are not  dependent  on  the  parent  firm. ALLIANCE  FORMATIONA Study of the Malaysian Automobile Supporting IndustryKeywords: automobile industry; joint venture; mode of entry; networks; strategic alliances
Accounting Fundamentals and the Variation of Stock Price: Factoring in the Investment Scalability
Authors: Sumiyana Sumiyana , Baridwan Zaki , Sugiri Slamet , Hartono Jogiyanto
Published: September 2018

This study develops a new return model with respect to accounting fundamentals. The new return model is based on Chen and Zhang (2007). This study takes into account theinvestment scalability information. Specifically, this study splitsthe scale of firm’s operations into short-run and long-runinvestment scalabilities. We document that five accounting fun-damentals explain the variation of annual stock return. Thefactors, comprised book value, earnings yield, short-run andlong-run investment scalabilities, and growth opportunities, co associate positively with stock price. The remaining factor,which is the pure interest rate, is negatively related to annualstock return. This study finds that inducing short-run and long-run investment scalabilities into the model could improve the degree of association. In other words, they have value rel-evance. Finally, this study suggests that basic trading strategieswill improve if investors revert to the accounting fundamentals.Keywords: accounting fundamentals; book value; earnings yield; growth opportuni­ties; short­run and long­run investment scalabilities; trading strategy;value relevance
Mediation Analysis Using the Hierarchical Multiple Regression Technique: A Study of the Mediating Roles of World-Class Performance in Operations
Authors: Ciptono Wakhid S. , Ibrahim Abdul Razak , Sulaiman Ainin
Published: September 2018

The changing environment in an organization is forcing the organization to find a plan of integrated management framework and adequate performance measurement. Failure to plan basically means planning failure for the business. Finding the critical factors of quality management practices (QMP), themediating roles of the contextual factors of world-class performance in operations (i.e., world-class company practices or WCC, operational excellence practices or OE, company nonfinancial performance or CNFP), and the company financial performance would enable the company to facilitate the sustainability of TQM implementation model.This empirical study aims to assess how TQM—a holistic management philosophy initially developed by W. Edward Deming, which integrates improvement strategy, management practices, and organizational performance—is specifically implemented in the oil and gas companies operating in Indonesia. Relevant literature on the TQM, the world-class performance in operations (world-class company and operational performance), the company performance (financial and non-financial performances), and the amendments of the Law of the Republic of Indonesia concerning the oil and gas industry, and related research on how the oil and gas industry in Indonesia develops sustainable competitive advantage and sustainable development programs are reviewed in details in our study. The findings from data analysis provide evidence that there is a strong positive relationship between the critical factors of quality management practices and the company financial performance mediated by the three mediating variables, i.e., world-class company practices, operational excellence practices, and company non-financial performance.
Factors Affecting Choice in A Multi-Stage Model: The Influence of Saliency and Similarity on Retrieval Set and the Implication of Context Effect on Consideration Set
Authors: Santosa Eric
Published: September 2018

While it is considered a new paradigm in consumer research, the multi-stage model of consumer decision-making remains unclear as to whether brands are easily retrieved. Likewise, the process of consideration, after particular brands are successfully retrieved, is still in question. This study purports to investigate the effects of saliency and similarity on the ease of retrieval. In addition, referring to some studies of context effect, the effects of attraction, compromise, and assimilation are examined to observe whether they contribute to consideration. A within-subject design is employed in this study. Previously, three preliminary studies are arranged to determine the dominants, new entrants, attributes, and other criteria nominated in the experimental study. The results turn out to be supporting the hypotheses.
Investigating the Impacts of Customer Satisfaction on Firm Performance
Authors: Leo Lianny , Gani Lindawati , Jermias Johnny
Published: September 2018

The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of customer satisfaction on firm performance. We argue that a firm’s financial performance will be positively affected by its ability to satisfy its customers. By satisfying its customers, a firm increases its ability to acquire new customers, retain existing customers, and increase customer profitability. Based on sample of firms listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange, we hypothesize and find that customer satisfaction is positively and significantly related to firm performance in terms of return on assets and market value of equity. These findings are consistent with the view that customer satisfaction is a leading indicator of financial performance.
Psychological Factors and Reference Potential of Market Mavens
Authors: Puspa Jofi
Published: September 2018

The function of a market maven in the information transfer processes is apparently related to one’s psychological states such as inherent knowledge and involvement level. Understanding reference potential of mavens seems to be relevant to comprehend the implicit value of a maven in the communication process. This study shows that (1) apparently, maven groups can be clearly distinguished from a non-maven group on the basis on inherent personal knowledge level and involvement level; (2) market mavens have a high reference potential which confirmed their function in WOM-information.
Managerial Views of Supply Chain Collaboration: An Empirical Study
Authors: Sridharan Ramaswami , Simatupang Togar M
Published: September 2018

This paper is carried out to empirically examine managerial perceptions on the relationship between supply chain collaboration practice and operational performance. The framework suggests that collaborative practice is characterised by three distinct factors: (1) decision synchronisation, (2) information sharing, and (3) incentive alignment, which enable the chain members to effectively match supply with customer demand. An important question is whether or not collaborative practice leads to better operational performance. A survey research was employed to assess the relationship between collaborative practice and operational performance of New Zealand companies. The survey results show significant positive impacts of key factors of collaborative practice on operational performance. The findings suggest that information sharing, decision synchronisation, and incentive alignment are important determinants of operational performance. This study demonstrates that the chain members need to understand the role of different key factors of collaborative practice that can be redesigned to leverage operational performance.
Electronic Commerce Success Model: A Search for Multiple Criteria
Authors: Achjari Didi , Quaddus Mohammed A.
Published: September 2018

The current study attempts to develop and examine framework of e-commerce success. In order to obtain comprehensive and robust measures, the framework accomodates key factors that are identified in the literature concerning the success of electronic commerce. The structural model comprises of four exogenous variables (Internal Driver, Internal Impediment, External Driver and Exgternal Impediment) and one endogenous variable (Electornic Commerce Success) eith 24 observed variables. The study that was administered within large Australian companies using questionaire survey concluded that benefits for both internal organization and external parties from the use of e-commerce were the main factor tro predict perceived and/or expected success of electronic commerce.
THE ISLAMIC PERSPECTIVE ON THE CONSTRUCTION OFACCOUNTING DISCIPLINE
Authors: Triyuwono Iwan
Published: September 2018

The study attempts to elaborate critically the construction of accounting discipline that is based on Islamic values, especially in the aspects of ontology and epistemology. The analysis of the study begins with discussing a debate of modernism and postmodernism. Under this discussion, it is argued that modern knowledge (for example, accounting) which is constructed based on modern methodology has philosophical weaknesses and is now attacked by postmodernism. The discussion of post modernism leads us to Islamic perspective of knowledge that is the future orientation of how Shari'ate (Islamic) accounting discipline should be constructed.
The Recency Effect of Accounting Information
Authors: Hartono Jogiyanto
Published: September 2018

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Fraudulent Financial Statement: Evidence from Statement on Auditing Standard No. 99
Authors: Suyanto Suyanto
Published: September 2018

The goals of this study are to empirically identify fraud risk factors and construct a model to predict the likelihood of financial statement frauds based on SAS No. 99. Employing logistic regression on 143 firms, this research  finds that fraud risk factor proxies for Pressure—net profit/total assets—and Opportunity— inventory/total assets ratio, related party transactions, and Big 4—are significantly associated with fraudulent financial statements, whereas none of the fraud risk factor proxies for Rationalization is significantly associated with fraudulent financial statements. Consistent with prior research, it seems that the likelihood of fraudulent financial statements is easier to be observed publicly using fraud risk factor proxies for Pressure and Opportunity rather than Rationalization. The constructed model can correctly classify firms with a relatively high success rate.
The Behavior of Opening and Closing Prices Noise and Overreaction
Authors: Sumiyana Sumiyana
Published: September 2018

This study extends several previous studies that conclude that noise and overreaction on intraday data occur. Those studies have yet to be clear about the kind of price that explains for this noise and overreaction. This study examines the opening price and closing price behavior, and tries to explain the noise and overreaction on the Indonesia Stock Exchange using intraday data in every 30-minute interval. Sample is firms listed in LQ45 index. Sequentially, this research sample is filtered to stocks that are the most actively traded on the Indonesia Stock Exchange based on trading frequency in an observation period from January to December 2006. This research finds that noise and overreaction phenomena always occur in the opening and closing prices. In addition, investors actually correct the noise and overreaction that occur simultaneously at the first 30-minute interval on every trading day.
Interest Rate Policy, Inflation and Economic Growth: A Policy Evaluation of Indonesia, 1969-1997
Authors: Permono Iswardono Sardjono
Published: September 2018

According to Shaw (1973) and McKinnon (1973), the most important element of economic development is financial liberalization. This action will eliminate the distortion, as what the government of Indonesia did on June 1, 1983 through deregulation of banking. The government eliminated the ceiling of credit and gave a full authority to each bank to determine their interest rates. This study looks up to Fry (1995) model to test McKinnon-Shaw hypothesis. The models were regressed with dummy variable. This effort will give illustration or conclusion of the structural change, that happened specifically caused by environmental or policy changes.Generally, insignificant in the relationship between interest rates in national saving and investment in Indonesia could be caused by financial mechanisms those very long and complex channels. That is why real interest rates could not give effect to national saving directly. Export, especially from oil and gas and foreign debt were growth-stimulating factors. Meanwhile, money supply, which supported by tight money policy and balance budget policy caused Indonesian inflation along those periods. The periodically analysis shows that deregulation of June 1983(PAKJUN) were success to mobilize public fund, encourage investment on real sector, and increase the economic growth, but failed to control the inflation rate. The implementation of October 1988 deregulation (PAKTO) had flourished the establishment of new banks and created good competition among them. The competition had no longer on interest rate. Therefore, it can be said also the easy requirements of establishing banks become contra productive for PAKJUN policy, which had laid to the market mechanism.Basically, either PAKJUN or PAKTO was not policies in which urgently implemented in Indonesia. Those financial deregulations were not supported by the existence of deregulation on real sectors, so that the financial deregulations were not effective to achieve their goals.
INTRAGROUP COOPERATION VS. INTRAGROUP COMPETITION: A Meta-Analytical Study
Authors: Na'im Ainun
Published: September 2018

This study examines whether intragroup cooperation outperforms intragroup competition. Intragroup cooperation is a work setting when individuals in a group perceive that their goal attainments are positively related; while intragroup competition is a work setting when individuals in a group perceive that their goal attainments are negatively related. Performance is defined as group productivity level, speed of solving problems, and quality of the group outcomes.Meta-analytical method is used to test the hypothesis. The method combines and compares eight studies from various research disciplines i.e., education, psychology, organization, and business and accounting. The studies being analyzed also vary in terms of the research and experimental setting such as manufacturing operations and problem solving games.Meta-analytical study is relatively rare in Indonesia, so that this study is important to introduce and to show the importance and the benefit of the analysis for concluding a large number and different research in a similar domain of research question.  In a simple term, a meta-analysis is a quantitative literature review. However, the analysis has a more powerful procedure (than the conventional literature review) to indicate more clearly, and in quantitative terms, the consistency, the differences and similarities of previous studies.The author found that intragroup cooperation outperforms intragroup competition is held across different experimental subject educational backgrounds such as education, psychology, and business and accounting. However, the extent of the difference in performance is higher in the subjects with psychology background than that of the subjects with business and accounting background. The reason is that business and accounting subjects are more exposed to competitive environments than those whose backgrounds are psychology and sociology.
Analyzing Growth Opportunity of Port from the Resource-based Perspective The Case of Port of Tanjung Pelepas Malaysia
Authors: Subhan Muhammad , Abdul Ghani Ahmad Bashawir
Published: September 2018

Capturing growth opportunity has become a major integral activity of any port to sustain growth and competitive advantage. One of the famous strategies in leveraging sustainable growth and competitive advantage is the resource-based theory application into port strategic management, viewing resources of the port (internal and external) and its capabilities as the sources for achieving competitive advantage. In this study, we attempt to identify, exploit, and analyze growth opportunity of a Malaysian port from the perspective of the theory. We analyze the port’s resources in terms of values, uniqueness, inimitability, durability, and substitutability. The result is then compared with its rival ports in the region. This study recognizes that the port has successfully identified and exploited its resources for capturing growth opportunity and competing with other ports in the region. We perceive that the port will sustain its growth and competitive advantage as a major port in the region based on its current performance and rivalry circumstances. This study signifies that the higher the level to which resource-based theory of competitive advantage is applied, the higher and longer the growth and competitive advantage will be achieved by the port.
An Empirical Analysis of Cash Flow and Investment Fluctuations Using Firm-Level Panel Data
Authors: Ismail Abdul Ghafar , Sanusi Nur Azura
Published: September 2018

Since the pioneering work of Gurley and Shaw (1955), the attempt has been done to justify money as a primary focal point of macroeconomic theorizing. However, other researchers argue that variables such as financial development and indicators are also important to be linked with macroeconomic performance. Here, if money can be thought as means of production and consumer goods as the ultimate end toward which production is directed, and then capital also occupies a position that is both logically and temporarily intermediate between original means and ultimate ends. This temporarily intermediate status of capital is not in serious dispute, but its significance for macroeconomic theorizing is rarely recognized. The firms’ decision to acquire funds through debt and equity financings affects the capital structure, and, in the firm’s balance sheet, the impact of capital appears to influence the inventory investment. Hence, the significance of capital structure –induced inventory distortions in the context of firm-level is the basis for our article. The sample for our analysis is compiled from the balance sheets of listed syaria firms in the Kuala Lumpur Stock Exchange for the period 1995-2000.
OUTPUT-PRICE DYNAMICS IN THE ASEAN-5 COUNTRIES: Evidence from The Pre- and Post-1997 Financial Turmoil
Authors: Hj.  Kassim Salina , Abd. Majid M. Shabri
Published: September 2018

We analyze the cyclical behavior between outputs and prices in major ASEAN economies, namely Malaysia, Indonesia, Thailand, Singapore and the Philippines over two sample periods: the pre-crisis period (1990 to 1996) and the post-crisis period (2000 to 2006). Specifically, the study aims to shed the light on two issues: (i) the possibility that there is a change in the patterns of the correlations between real activities and prices in a particular country in the pre-crisis period compared to the post-crisis period; and (ii) the synchronization of real activity and price relationships or the business cycles across the major ASEAN countries. In order to analyze the output-price relationship across the countries and time periods, we adopt several tests including the Pearson correlation analysis, Auto-Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model and Vector Error-Correction Model (VECM). The study documents that the output-price relationship has changed in several countries following the crisis in 1997/1998. While there is a clear business cycles synchronization between the ASEAN-5 countries in the short-run, results have been mixed in the long run. Results of this study contribute towards further enriching the policy recommendations to help ensuring the viability and effectiveness of the economic cooperation between the ASEAN nations.
The Role of Organizational Commitment and Procedural Justice in Moderating the Relationship between Budgetary Participation and Managerial Performance
Authors: Murwaningsari Etty
Published: September 2018

The objective of this research is to identify the role of organizational commitment and procedural justice in moderating the relationship between budgetary participation and managerial performance. This research utilizes the mail survey method to collect primary data from September 2007 to mid-November 2007 by sending questionnaire forms to corporate managers involved in the budgeting process.The empirical result of this research indicates that budget participation has a positive and significant influence on managerial performance. The subsequent test finds that organizational commitment can strengthen the relation between budget participation and managerial performance. The last test shows that procedures have no influence on the relationship between budget participation and managerial performance.
Examining Information Technology Acceptance by Individual Professionals
Authors: Darsono Licen Indahwati
Published: September 2018

The mixed results of information technology (IT) investment have made the investigation of user acceptance of IT increasingly challenging. A growing body of research in user acceptance of IT literature has limited focus on individual professionals as target users. Therefore, this research investigates how external variables, namely individual differences and system characteristics influence lecturers as individual professionals to accept the internet technology. Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) are used as the main reference in this research. Findings of this research indicate that individual differences (computer self-efficacy, knowledge of search domain) and system characteristics (terminology, screen design, relevance) have indirect impact through perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, and attitude on lecturers’ intention to use the internet. Specifically, computer self-efficacy and screen design have direct and indirect impact on intention. One issue concerning with the explanatory power of the proposed research model, which is based on TAM and TPB, compared to the rival model, which is called extended TAM, is also analyzed.
The Relationships among Customer Value, Satisfaction and Behavioral Intentions: A General Structural Equation Model
Authors: Wahyuningsih Wahyuningsih
Published: September 2018

The objective of this paper is to present a comprehensive framework of relationships among customer value, satisfaction, and behavioral intentions. Before testing the model, literature review on the three constructs is presented. From this review, three hypotheses are proposed and tested in this study: (1) Customer value is antecedent to customer satisfaction, (2) Customer value has a direct link to behavioral intentions, and (3) The relationship between customer value and behavioral intentions is mediated by customer satisfaction. Structural Equation Modeling using AMOS 5 was employed to test the model. The result suggests that the relationship between customer value and behavioral intentions is mediated by customer satisfaction.
Investment Horizon to Investment Decision and Mean Reversion: Indonesian Perspective
Authors: Junarsin Eddy , Tandelilin Eduardus
Published: September 2018

This study has two research objectives: (1) to find evidence whether investment decisions (allocation of funds in each asset in a portfolio) of Indonesian investors in the short investment horizon diverge with their investment decisions in the long investment horizon, and (2) to examine the belief of Indonesian investors in the mean reversion. This study analyzes the investment horizon from a behavioral point of view by examining the influence of investment horizon on investment decision and mean reversion in Indonesia. We employed the students of Master of Science, Master of Management, and Doctorate Programs at the Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia as the sample in this research. Of the 217 questionnaires delivered, 172 questionnaires were completely filled and utilized in this study.The main findings of this study are as follows: (1) it is significantly proved that Indonesian investors are inclined to assume higher portfolio risk in the longer investment horizon than that in the shorter investment horizon; (2) it is very interesting to see that on average, the investors are inclined to increase their allocation in the risk-free asset in the longer investment horizon although the difference between the risk-free asset holding in the short investment horizon and that in the long investment horizon is not significant; (3) the framing effect significantly influences the investment decisions, both in short investment horizon and in long investment horizon; (4) there is a tendency for the respondents to show a willingness to assume higher portfolio risk when they received the questionnaires that provided the historical five-year returns on the first page; (5) investors predict an asset gaining 50 percent in the first year to continuously gain in the next four years while expecting an asset losing 25 percent in the first year to continuously loss in the next four years.
Behavior of Stock Price Variability over Trading and Nontrading Periods, and Daily Return Volatility
Authors: Sumiyana Sumiyana
Published: September 2018

This study examined the behavior of stock price variability over trading and nontrading periods, and daily return volatility. This study used intraday data in Indonesia Stock Exchange. Sample was taken from the firms listed in LQ 45 indexes for the year of 1999-2006. The behavior of stock price variability and daily return volatility, according to previous theories, is influenced by the array of public and private information.This study concludes that return variance over trading and nontrading periods, along with overnight and lunch break nontrading session, and the first and second trading session, has differed significantly. In addition, daily return volatility is also not identical significantly. Subsequently, this study used size, trading volume, bid-ask spreads and up-down market as control variables. This study contradicts to all prior studies. This study especially suggests contra evidence in comparisons with previous concepts and theories in regards to size, trading volume, bid-ask spreads, and up-down market as control variables.
Program Perceived Value and Program Satisfaction Influences on Store Loyalty: Insights from Retail Loyalty Progam
Authors: Omar Nor Asiah , Musa Rosidah , Nazri Muhamad Azrin
Published: September 2018

Investigations to determine whether program perceived value could influence program satisfaction, program card loyalty and store loyalty are critical to elucidate the roles and significance of the constructs and advancing management practice. Accordingly, in line with this research direction, this study aims to assess the effects of program perceived value offered by few leading retail superstores and departmental stores in Malaysia on its members’ loyalty towards the store. The data set utilized in this study has been obtained via quota sampling technique, where a sample of 153 retail loyalty programs’ members was analyzed. An integrative conceptual model was developed and tested using Structural Equation Modeling using AMOS program. The results exemplify that program perceived value is a strong driver of program satisfaction and program card loyalty. Unexpectedly, program perceived value is not a significant predictor of store loyalty but, it has an indirect effect on store loyalty mediated by program satisfaction. Continuous plea in marketing management is to make marketing instruments more efficient. In recent years introduction of customer relationship marketing instruments is strongly advocated, both in marketing theory and practice. Several researchers (e.g., Berry 1983; Berry and Parasuraman 1991; and Gronroos, 1994) have changed the focus of a marketing orientation from attracting short-term, discrete transactional customers to retaining long-lasting, intimate customer relationships. In fact Roberts, Varki, Brodie (2003), further suggested that it is best to describe relationship marketing as the formation of “bonds” between the company and the customer. Achieving an effective relationship in a consumer context is considered to be even more challenging than it is in a business-to-business context, given the generally more polygamous character of consumers as opposed to business customers (Keng and Ehrenberger 1984; Pressey and Matthews 1998).
The Indirect Costs of Financial Distress in Indonesia
Authors: Wijantini Wijantini
Published: September 2018

This paper presents quantitative estimates of the indirect cost of financial distress and its determinants. In order to measure the cost, this study estimates the annualized changes in industry-adjusted operation profit and sales from a year before the onset of distress to the resolution year. Using those approaches, the median of indirect financial distress cost is estimated between three and 11 percent annually. To the extent that the direct cost of financial distress reduces reported operating income, the estimated costs are overstated. The simple regressions analysis suggest that the indirect cost of financial distress significantly increases with size, leverage, number of creditors, and poor industry performance, but is not related to degree of bank loan reliance. The findings provide a weak support for the financial distress theory which suggests that conflicts of interest render the costs of financial distress.
THE ROLES OF CONSUMER’S KNOWLEDGE AND EMOTION IN ECOLOGICAL ISSUES: An Empirical Study on Green Consumer Behavior
Authors: Junaedi M. F. Shellyana
Published: September 2018

This study examines the causal effect of existing relationship amongst green purchasing, which are attitudinal and behavioral approaches, consumer values, ecological affect, ecological knowledge, and green purchase intention. The survey result provides a reasonable support for the validity of the proposed model. Specifically, the finding from structural equation model confirms the influence of consumer values orientation, ecological affect, and ecological knowledge on their attitudes towards green purchase intention. The implication of this research is relevant to Indonesian government and green marketers to fine-tune their environmental programs.
The Existence of Overall Satisfaction in Service Customer Relationships
Authors: Zulganef Zulganef
Published: September 2018

Garbarino and Johnson (1999) find that there is no correlation between overall satisfaction and loyalty in the field of customer relationship. Their finding indicates that satisfaction is no longer an important issue in managing service organizations. This research investigates the existence of satisfaction in service organizations, which have relationships with customers. Contrary to Garbarino and Johnson’s (1999) finding, this research finds that overall satisfaction, through commitment, has a relationship with loyalty. Hence, customer satisfaction is still a main issue with respect to managing service organizations, especially service organizations that have customer-relationship strategy. Survey method was conducted to test 12 hypotheses, and the sample of this research is customers of credit cardholders and supermarket cardholders. Sample size is 382 consisting of 196 (51.3%) credit cardholders and 186 (48.7%) supermarket cardholders. Data were analyzed using two-step structural equation modelling technique. In addition, this research also shows that investigators and managers should pay attention to affects, because affects have a unique role in relationship customer behavior.