bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Do privacy concerns determine online information disclosure? The case of internet addiction
Authors: Thompson Nik , Ahmad Atif , Maynard Sean
Published: April 2021

Purpose

It is a widely held belief that users make a rational cost-benefit decision when choosing whether to disclose information online. Yet, in the privacy context, the evidence is far from conclusive suggesting that strong and as-yet unmeasured influences on behaviour may exist. This paper aims to demonstrate one such link – the effect of internet addiction on information disclosure.

Design/methodology/approach

Data from 216 Web users was collected regarding their perceptions on privacy and information disclosure intentions as well as avoidance behaviour, an element of internet addiction. Using a research model based on the Privacy Calculus theory, structural equation modelling was applied to quantify the determinants of online disclosure under various conditions.

Findings

The authors show that not all aspects of privacy (a multi-dimensional construct) influence information disclosure. While concerns about data collection influence self-disclosure behaviour, the level of awareness about privacy does not. They next examine the impact of internet addiction on these relationships, finding that internet addiction weakens the influence of privacy concerns to the point of non-significance.

Originality/value

The authors highlight some of the influences of self-disclosure behaviour, showing that some but not all aspects of privacy are influential. They also demonstrate that there are powerful influences on user behaviour that have not been accounted for in prior work; internet addiction is one of these factors. This provides some of the first evidence of the potentially deleterious effect of internet addiction on the privacy calculus.
Impact of online social media activities on marketing of green products
Authors: Gupta Meesha , Syed Asif Ali
Published: April 2021

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to identify, empirically analyze and validate the relationship between various social media marketing activities influencing the attitude of Indian consumers toward green products and their willingness to pay (WTP) a premium price for them.

Design/methodology/approach

Data was collected from 536 respondents who not only use various social media channels for purchases and gaining information but also prefer and buy green products across India. Exploratory factor analysis was done for the refinement and validation of the questionnaire items, and structural equation modeling was used to analyze the relationship among various variables.

Findings

The findings of the empirical study confer consumer’s attitude toward green products being shaped by four main social media marketing activities, namely, word of mouth, interaction, entertainment and customization, whereas trendiness was found to be insignificant toward predicting consumer’s attitude. The positive attitude so formed has a significant and positive impact on the willingness of consumers to pay a premium price for green products.

Originality/value

This research takes a lead in analyzing the construct WTP a premium for green products because this has been comparably less explored in Indian context. As spending a little extra by Indian consumers is a super sensitive issue, studying their willingness is therefore an important construct to be taken into account.
Study on tribological behavior, lubrication and anti-corrosion properties of W/O microemulsion for cold rolling of copper strip
Authors: Wu Hao , Xiong Sang , Lin Wei , Kong Fanxin
Published: April 2021

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to improve lubrication and anti-corrosion properties of the water-in-oil (W/O) microemulsion for rolling of copper strip and sheet to replace the traditional rolling oil.

Design/methodology/approach

The W/O microemulsion is prepared by using hydrogenated base oil, a deionized aqueous solution of 0.03 mol/L of Na2SO4 and composite emulsifier such as Sp20, Tx-7 or sodium petroleum sulfonate. Tribological behavior of the microemulsions and traditional cold rolling oil was conducted by MR-10A four-ball tester. The lubrication performance of microemulsion for cold rolling of copper strip was performed by cold-rolling experiment. The morphology of worn surface and the rolled copper was characterized. Anti-corrosion properties of microemulsion for rolled copper was investigated, and the corroded surface was analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectrometer (XPS).

Findings

The results show that the extreme pressure and antiwear properties of the microemulsions have been improved; the average friction coefficient of the improved microemulsion is 0.065, which is 30% lower than the commercial cold rolling oil. For cold rolling of copper strip, the microemulsion has a higher thinning effect than the commercial cold rolling oil, and a smooth surface is obtained and the surface roughness (Sa) is decreased by 6.8%. The XPS analysis indicated microemulsion adsorbed on the copper surface mitigate the corrosion of oils.

Originality/value

This paper used the prepared W/O microemulsion as a new lubricant in the process of rolling for copper strip and sheet in industry, demonstrating the microemulsion has broad application prospects in the future.

Peer review

The peer review history for this article is available at:https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/ILT-06-2020-0227/
Novel design method for multi-configuration dexterous hand based on a gesture primitives analysis
Authors: Tao Zhicheng , Sheng Shineng , Chen Zhipei , Bao Guanjun
Published: April 2021

Purpose

This paper aims to propose a novel method based on a gesture primitives analysis of human daily grasping tasks for designing dexterous hands with various grasping and in-hand manipulation abilities, which simplifies the complex and redundant humanoid five-finger hand system.

Design/methodology/approach

First, the authors developed the fingers and the joint configuration with a series of gesture primitives configurations and the modular virtual finger scheme, refined from the daily work gesture library by principal component analysis. Then, the authors optimized the joint degree-of-freedom configuration with the bionic design analysis of the anatomy, and the authors optimized the dexterity workspace. Furthermore, the adaptive fingertip and routing structure were designed based on the dexterous manipulation theory. Finally, the effectiveness of the design method was experimentally validated.

Findings

A novel lightweight three-finger and nine-degree-of-freedom dexterous hand with force/position perception was designed. The proposed routing structure was shown to have the capability of mapping the relationship between the joint space and actuator space. The adaptive fingertip with an embedded force sensor can effectively increase the robustness of the grasping operation. Moreover, the dexterous hand can grasp various objects in different configurations and perform in-hand manipulation dexterously.

Originality/value

The dexterous hand design developed in this study is less complex and performs better in dexterous manipulation than previous designs.
Self-reported face recognition abilities for own and other-race faces
Authors: Estudillo Alejandro J.
Published: April 2021

Purpose

The other-race effect shows that people are better recognizing faces from their own-race compared to other-race faces. This effect can have dramatic consequences in applied scenarios whereby face identification is paramount, such as eyewitness identification. This paper aims to investigate whether observers have insights into their ability to recognize other-race faces.

Design/methodology/approach

Chinese ethnic observers performed objective measures of own- and other-race face recognition – the Cambridge Face Memory Test Chinese and the Cambridge Face Memory Test original; the PI20 – a 20-items self-reported measured of general face recognition abilities; and the ORE20 – a new developed 20-items self-reported measure of other-race face recognition.

Findings

Recognition of own-race faces was better compared to other-race faces. This effect was also evident at a phenomenological level, as observers reported to be worse recognizing other-race faces compared to own-race faces. Additionally, although a moderate correlation was found between own-race face recognition abilities and the PI20, individual differences in the recognition of other-race faces was only poorly associated with observers’ scores in the ORE20.

Research limitations/implications

These results suggest that observers’ insights to recognize faces are more consistent and reliable for own-race faces.

Practical implications

Self-reported measures of other-race recognition could produce misleading results. Thus, when evaluating eyewitness’ accuracy identifying other-race faces, objective measures should be used.

Originality/value

In contrast to own race recognition, people have very limited insights into their recognition abilities for other race faces.
Measurement of intangible assets using higher-order construct model
Authors: Tefera Chalachew Almaw , Hunsaker William D.
Published: April 2021

Purpose

Intangible assets (IA) have been described as a multidimensional concept. However, there is a gap in research that considers IAs as a higher-order construct (HOC). Therefore, this paper aims to focus on demonstrating how IAs can be properly specified and measured as HOCs, given IA’s four major dimensions in small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs).

Design/methodology/approach

A HOC model is applied using a partial least squares–structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) repeated-indicator approach. This approach helps validate the argument for considering IAs as HOCs by testing the basic requirements of the construct model.

Findings

The main finding from testing the model’s reliability, validity, multicollinearity and redundancy analysis indicates that the establishment of IAs as a HOC model is valid. Additionally, the simulation study results support the use of the proposed model.

Research limitations/implications

The proposed model is believed to enhance the proper understanding of IAs and their relationship with organizational outcomes. Additionally, the model can inform organizational management of the integrative approach needed to effectively synchronize their strategic resources for improved performance of entrepreneurially growing SMEs.

Originality/value

This paper is the first to show the measurement of IAs as HOCs using PLS-SEM, based on IA’s updated dimensions. The authors believe that this paper paves the way for future discussion on IA measurement to conduct rigorous impactful studies with larger sample size.
Decision-making approach for complex problems management in a scarce human resources environment
Authors: Andrade Marcilio , Carinhana Jr Dermeval
Published: April 2021

Purpose

This purpose of this study is to structure complex problems to be solved with greater efficiency, optimising the relationship between root causes (RC) relevance of the problem and utilisation of human resources to treat them, minimising the use of manpower in problem-solving activity and thus contributing to greater productivity within organisations.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors built an approach under the concepts of theory of constraints and multiattribute and multiobjective decision-making methods that were applied in a real complex problem of the low development of Brazilian space industry, by theoretical perspective. Also, the authors submitted it in a simulation environment to assess in which situations it is successful considering number of problem’s RC, system complexity and number of people in the system.

Findings

The approach was successful on the real case, finding the optimal relationship between the RC relevance and the number of people involved to treat them. For certain complex problem inputs configurations, simulation results reveal that the approach is reliable obtaining more than 95% chance of success in finding the optimal relationship, when comparing with traditional prioritising methods.

Originality/value

This approach introduces an unprecedented way to locate and evaluate non-physical constraints within a system, which is used to determine RC relevance, as well as an unprecedented way of defining a single optimal solution for structuring a problem, considering the relevance of RC and the use of human resources. The approach is useful for organisations in general which often need managing complex problems with few resources.
Human rights of people with mental illness diagnosis: perceptions among service users, family members and health professionals in Tunisia
Authors: Rekhis Mayssa , Ouanes Sami , Ben Hamouda Abir , Rafrafi Rym
Published: April 2021

Purpose

This study aims to assess the awareness about the rights of people with mental illness in the main psychiatric hospital in Tunisia among the service users, the family members and the staff.

Design/methodology/approach

The Convention of Rights of People with Disabilities mandates that State Parties initiate and maintain campaigns and human rights training to promote understanding of the rights of people with mental illnesses, considered as a main factor for their fulfillment. Service users, family members and staff evaluated, through a survey, the importance of ten rights for persons with mental illness, stated in the convention.

Findings

Disparities were found in the perception of the different rights by and between the three groups. The highest levels of awareness were associated with the freedom from torture or degrading treatment and the right to live with dignity and respect, whereas the lower importance were assigned to the right to participation in recovery plans, to give consent and to exercise legal capacity.

Originality/value

The lack of awareness and the poor perception of rights of people with mental illness is one of the barriers to their achievement. More training and awareness raising is necessary.
Use it or lose it: point expiration and status demotion
Authors: Shin Hyunju , Casidy Riza
Published: April 2021

Purpose

In managing hierarchical loyalty programs (HLP), firms often use a reward point expiration and status demotion policy to reduce financial liability and to encourage repeat purchases. This study aims to examine how point expiration and status demotion policies affect customer patronage, the role of extension strategies in mitigating the negative effects of these policies on customers and the moderating role of status endowment in the effect of point expiration on customers patronage following status demotion experience.

Design/methodology/approach

Three experiments were conducted using the hotel industry as the context. The hypothesized relationships were tested using ANOVA and a serial moderated mediation analysis using SPSS PROCESS Macro.

Findings

Customers subjected to reward point expiration exhibited a higher level of anger and perceived severity of the problem than those subjected to status demotion in HLP. Consequently, when customers experienced both point expiration and status demotion, the point extension strategy rather than the status extension strategy was found to be a more effective remedy for reducing perceived unfairness, although there was no change in the level of patronage reduction between the two extension strategies. Importantly, the effect of point expiration on patronage reduction was stronger among endowed-status customers than earned-status customers, serially driven by heightened feelings of embarrassment and perceived unfairness.

Originality/value

The study adds to the existing literature on HLP by comparing the effects of point expiration and status demotion on customer patronage with practical insights for HLP managers.
A cognitive social capital explanation of service separation distress
Authors: Goode Sigi
Published: April 2021

Purpose

Service separation distress arises when service consumers worry that a useful service may become unavailable. This paper aims to integrate two theoretical explanations of ongoing service use, being service continuance and relationship commitment and a common foundation of cognitive social capital.

Design/methodology/approach

This study conducts an online survey of 245 cloud service consumers, which we use to test our research model.

Findings

This paper finds that relationship commitment mediates the service continuance explanation in explaining service separation distress.

Research limitations/implications

While service features are important, they are less important than the consumer’s perceived relationship with the service in promoting perceived service separation distress. Contrary to expectations, the finding identified the service relationship as the dominant explanation for service separation distress.

Practical implications

Jeopardy to the consumer-provider relationship can create greater anxiety and distress to consumers than a disruption that threatens service features alone. Adding service features may not reduce customer separation distress regarding the service.

Social implications

The unified cognitive social capital lens on service separation suggests that consumers value service provider relationships (e.g. commitment and trust) over service features. A stronger social relationship with the consumer, in turn, strengthens the perceived service offering.

Originality/value

This is among the first studies to unify two explanations of service continuance using social capital and to empirically identify how this explanation affects service distress.
Design of Fazl-Tash novel method for sustainable resilient comprehensive supplier selection problem
Authors: Fazlollahtabar Hamed , Kazemitash Navid
Published: April 2021

Purpose

However, due to the huge number of studies and on the other hand to be new and creative, the represented models and methods – as the two main parts of this field – have been got more complicated, which consequently have been turned into unpractical research studies for the realistic situations. Therefore, the purpose of this study is the representation of a novel and simple method to deal with the aforementioned gap.

Design/methodology/approach

To this end, Fazl-Tash method have been proposed, in which a thorough and complete model including 114 criteria and a simple technique to rank and select the best supplier have been presented. Sustainability and resiliency are considered in collecting criteria effective on supplier selection.

Findings

The method was carried out in a case study in an industrial company. The efficiency of the proposed method is evaluated in comparison with other conventional approaches.

Originality/value

As selecting the supplier plays a crucial role to bring some important advantages for companies, such as coping with the cost and time problems and influencing the majority of contemporary markets’ requirements, in recent years, there have been representing more effective studies in the supplier selection literature.
A copper-(lignin/silica/fatty acids) complex as an antioxidant/electrical conductivity agent for rubber composites (Part iii)
Authors: Othman Hoda Sabry , El-Hashash Maher A. , El-Sabbagh S.H. , Ward A.A. , Nawwar Galal A.M.
Published: April 2021

Purpose

Calcium and Zinc lignates were proven to be good antioxidants for rubber composites. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the copper lignate antioxidant activity along with evaluating its electrical conductivity in rubber composites.

Design/methodology/approach

The antioxidant activity of the Cu-LSF complex was compared with that of standard commercial antioxidant additives as a green alternative. The rheological characteristics, thermal aging and mechanical and electrical properties were evaluated for the NBR vulcanizates containing the different antioxidants in the presence or absence of coupling agents.

Findings

Results revealed that the Cu-LSF complex (5 phr) can function as a compatibilizing, antioxidant and electrical conductivity agent.

Originality/value

The new copper complex prepared from paper-pulping black liquor of wastes could be used as a green antioxidant and electrical conductivity agent in rubber composites.
Children in prison during COVID-19: the new “double jeopardy”
Authors: Day Anne-Marie
Published: April 2021

Purpose

The purpose of the paper is to consider the impact on children in custody of the government response to COVID-19 in England and Wales. As the majority of children are held in young offender institutions, this forms the focus of the piece.

Design/methodology/approach

A review and opinion piece on the government response and the impact of decisions about the juvenile custodial estate on incarcerated children.

Findings

No specific findings as this is an opinion piece.

Originality/value

This paper offers a viewpoint on the government response to COVID-19 and its impact on children in custody. It considers key publications that have cited concerns since the lockdown and seeks to identify key themes emerging from the publications.
The power of materialism among young adults: exploring the effects of values on impulsiveness and responsible financial behavior
Authors: Lučić Andrea , Uzelac Marija , Previšić Andrea
Published: April 2021

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effects of values of materialism on cognitive and affective impulsiveness and responsible financial behavior among young adults.

Design/methodology/approach

A large-scale study (n = 483) was conducted on a sample of young adults 18 to 25 years of age in Croatia.

Findings

The research found that materialism has no direct effect on responsible financial behaviour (RFB), however, cognitive impulsiveness fully mediates the relationship of all three there three elements of materialism, centrality, success and happiness and RFB. Affective impulsiveness has no effect on the relationship. Furthermore, only materialism as centrality strongly and positively influences cognitive and affective impulsiveness.

Practical implications

Presented conclusions could be used by policymakers as guidelines for developing educational plans and curriculum to build financial capability and consumer protection among young adults and could be helpful for brand management activities targeting young people purchase decisions.

Originality/value

This paper’s ultimate purpose is to uncover the mechanism and the power of materialism on impulsiveness and responsible financial behavior. The paper’s originality is established by the focus on the investigation of materialism as an antecedent factor of impulsiveness and by questioning the nature of the relationship between materialism and responsible financial behavior through the mediating effect of impulsiveness.
The Politics of Petitioning: Parliament, Government, and Subscriptional Cultures in the United Kingdom, 1780–1918
Authors: HUZZEY RICHARD , MILLER HENRY J.
Published: April 2021

Over the course of the long nineteenth century, people in the United Kingdom signed a wide variety of petitions, addresses, testimonials, and related documents. Though many forms of subscriptional culture had medieval and early modern origins, their transformations across this period reveal the shifting perceptions of the crown, parliament, the administrative state, and local government. The article draws on a dataset of more than 1 million petitions to the House of Commons and surviving data from the House of Lords, alongside qualitative evidence of signed addresses to other authorities. This reveals a pattern whereby applications and requests increasingly took new, bureaucratic forms, and petitions became more closely associated with the representation of public opinion. The study suggests the value of examining the practices and processes, alongside the languages and ideas, that shaped political culture. This emphasises the participatory and representative politics of name‐signing as a means to materialise popular opinion in a responsive ‐ but not democratic ‐ state.
Housing and Commodity Investment Booms in a Small Open Economy
Authors: Gibbs Christopher G. , Hambur Jonathan , Nodari Gabriela
Published: April 2021

We add a housing sector to the Reserve Bank of Australia's small open‐economy model to explore the effect of commodity price shocks on housing investment. The model predicts that housing investment booms may follow commodity booms. Commodity booms have a persistent effect on housing services price inflation and they ‘crowd out’ housing investment. When the commodity boom ends, the combination of higher prices and falling interest rates induces a significant housing investment response. The model attributes a significant share of the recent increase in housing investment in Australia directly to falling commodity prices.
Effects of glycation and acylation on the structural characteristics and physicochemical properties of soy protein isolate
Authors: He Mingyu , Li Lijia , Wu Changling , Zheng Li , Jiang Lianzhou , Huang YuYang , Teng Fei , Li Yang
Published: April 2021

This study examined the effects of different sequential treatments of dextran glycation and succinic anhydride acylation on the structure and physicochemical properties of soy protein isolate (SPI). The tested properties included electrophoresis (SDS‐PAGE), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, endogenous fluorescence spectroscopy, surface hydrophobicity (H0), free sulfhydryl (‐SH), solubility, interfacial properties, rheological properties, and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results show that the two treatments significantly improved the structure and functional characteristics of the SPI. The order of the methods had an important effect on the SPI. The lowest H0 (231.76 ± 11.92), the highest free ‐SH content (3.09 ± 0.09 µmol/g), and the highest solubility at pH = 7 (77 ± 3.97%) were obtained when the acylation treatment was followed by the glycation treatment. Emulsification, emulsion stability, foaming, and foam stability were also the highest. Glycation and acylation caused the viscosity coefficient (k) of the SPI solution to decrease compared with SPI alone, but the flow index (n) value increased, and the sum G' value of the conjugate system decreased as gel time increased. SEM showed that its microstructure has changed significantly. Therefore, this research provided an effective method for improving the functional characteristics of SPI and had potential industrial application prospects.

Practical Application

Glycation and acylation of soybean protein isolate improved the chemical modification method of protein, improved the functional properties of soybean protein, widened its application in food and materials, and provided a new idea for the further development and utilization of soybean protein.
Acute effect of alcohol on working memory updating
Authors: Cofresí Roberto U. , Watts Ashley L. , Martins Jorge S. , Wood Phillip K. , Sher Kenneth J. , Cowan Nelson , Miyake Akira , Bartholow Bruce D.
Published: April 2021

Aims

To examine the acute effects of alcohol on working memory (WM) updating, including potential variation across the ascending limb (AL) and descending limb (DL) of the blood alcohol concentration (BAC) time‐course.

Design

A two‐session experiment in which participants were randomly assigned to one of three beverage conditions [alcohol (males: 0.80 g/kg; females: 0.72 g/kg), active placebo (0.04 g/kg) or non‐alcohol control (tonic)] and one of two BAC limb testing conditions (AL and DL or DL‐only) for the second session, yielding a 3 (beverage) × 2 (time‐points tested) × 3 (time‐point) mixed factorial design with repeated measures on the latter factor. One of the repeated assessments is ‘missing by design’ in the DL‐only condition.

Setting

A psychology laboratory at the University of Missouri campus in Columbia, MO, USA.

Participants

Two hundred thirty‐one community‐dwelling young adults (51% female; aged 21–34 years) recruited from Columbia, MO, USA, tested between 2011 and 2013.

Measurements

Latent WM updating performance as indexed by shared variance in accuracy on three WM updating tasks (letter memory, keep track, spatial 2‐back) at three time‐points.

Findings

Multi‐group modeling of latent WM updating indicated that performance among participants who consumed placebo or control beverages improved during the second session at time‐points corresponding to AL (∆ from baseline in latent mean ± standard error (SE) + 0.5 ± 0.01, P < 0.001) and DL (+ 0.08 ± 0.01, P < 0.001). Alcohol consumption did not impair WM updating (∆ from baseline in latent mean ± SE, at AL: + 0.01 ± 0.01, P = 0.56; at DL: + 0.05 ± 0.01, P < 0.001), but attenuated performance improvements (equality of latent means across beverage groups at AL or DL: Δχ2(1) ≥ 7.53, P < 0.01).

Conclusions

Acute alcohol‐induced impairment in working memory updating may be limited, but dampening of practice effects by alcohol could interfere with the completion of novel, unpracticed tasks.
Feasibility and educational value of fluorescence cholangiography in laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Authors: Oiwa Tomo , Takahashi Motoko , Hirano Kenichiro , Sato Yo , Sunami Eiji , Kosugi Shin‐ichi
Published: April 2021

Introduction

Near‐infrared fluorescence cholangiography during a laparoscopic cholecystectomy has become widely accepted as a useful auxiliary tool to visualize the extrahepatic biliary structures. We investigated the feasibility and educational value of a method with longer interval between the administration of indocyanine green and the imaging of these structures.

Methods

Approximately 18 hours before their surgery, patients (n = 51) were intravenously administered 0.25 mg/kg of indocyanine green. Each laparoscopic cholecystectomy was performed under fluorescence imaging in combination with white‐light imaging. Operative outcomes including visualization of the extrahepatic biliary structures and operative time were compared between the patients on whom board‐certified surgeons operated (feasibility phase; n = 18) and the patients on whom a surgery resident operated (educational phase; n = 33).

Results

There were no adverse events related to the longer interval method. The visualization rates of extrahepatic biliary structures were comparable between the two phases. Both the mean time to divide the cystic duct and the mean time to remove the gallbladder in the educational phase were significantly longer than those in the feasibility phase (68.2 vs 24.4 minutes and 30.2 vs 15.8 minutes, P < .001 each). There was no significant difference in other operative outcomes. The operative time learning curve did not decrease with a resident's experience.

Conclusions

Fluorescence cholangiography with the longer interval method was feasible and could identify the extrahepatic biliary structures irrespective of the surgeon's experience; however, it did not decrease the operative time with experience.
Health‐related quality of life in patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma: treatment with daratumumab, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone in the phase 3 POLLUX trial
Authors: Plesner Torben , Dimopoulos Meletios A. , Oriol Albert , San‐Miguel Jesus , Bahlis Nizar J. , Rabin Neil , Suzuki Kenshi , Yoon Sung‐Soo , Ben‐Yehuda Dina , Cook Gordon , Goldschmidt Hartmut , Grosicki Sebastian , Qin Xiang , Fastenau John , Garvin Wendy , Carson Robin , Renaud Thomas , Gries Katharine S.
Published: April 2021

In the phase 3 POLLUX trial, daratumumab in combination with lenalidomide and dexamethasone (D‐Rd) significantly improved progression‐free survival in patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) compared with lenalidomide and dexamethasone (Rd) alone. Here, we present patient‐reported outcomes (PROs) from POLLUX, assessed using the validated European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30‐item (EORTC QLQ‐C30) and the EuroQol 5‐dimensional descriptive system (EQ‐5D‐5L) questionnaires. Changes from baseline are presented as least‐squares mean changes with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) derived from a mixed‐effects model. PRO assessment compliance rates were high and similar in both D‐Rd and Rd groups through cycle 40 (week 156). In this on‐treatment analysis, mean changes from baseline were significantly greater in EORTC QLQ‐C30 global health status, physical functioning, and pain scores in the D‐Rd group versus the Rd group at multiple time points; however, magnitude of changes was low, suggesting no meaningful impact on health‐related quality of life (HRQoL). Subgroup results were similar to those in the overall population. In the POLLUX study, baseline HRQoL was maintained with prolonged D‐Rd treatment. These findings complement the sustained and significant improvement in progression‐free survival observed with D‐Rd and supports its use in patients with RRMM.

Clinical trial registration: NCT02076009.
Behavioural and pharmacological effects of cannabidiol (CBD) and the cannabidiol analogue KLS‐13019 in mouse models of pain and reinforcement
Authors: Foss Jeffery D. , Farkas Daniel J. , Huynh Lana M. , Kinney William A. , Brenneman Douglas E. , Ward Sara Jane
Published: April 2021

Background and Purpose

Cannabidiol (CBD) is a non‐euphorigenic component of Cannabis sativa that prevents the development of paclitaxel‐induced mechanical sensitivity in a mouse model of chemotherapy‐induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN). We recently reported that the CBD structural analogue KLS‐13019 shows efficacy in an in vitro model of CIPN. The present study was to characterize the behavioural effects of KLS‐13019 compared to CBD and morphine in mouse models of CIPN, nociceptive pain and reinforcement.

Experimental Approach

Prevention or reversal of paclitaxel‐induced mechanical sensitivity were assessed following intraperitoneal or oral administration of CBD, KLS‐13019 or morphine. Antinociceptive activity using acetic acid‐induced stretching and hot plate assay, anti‐reinforcing effects on palatable food or morphine self‐administration and binding to human opioid receptors were also determined.

Key Results

Like CBD, KLS‐13019 prevented the development of mechanical sensitivity associated with paclitaxel administration. In contrast to CBD, KLS‐13019 was also effective at reversing established mechanical sensitivity. KLS‐13019 significantly attenuated acetic acid‐induced stretching and produced modest effects in the hot plate assay. KLS‐13019 was devoid of activity at μ‐, δ‐ or κ‐opioid receptors. Lastly, KLS‐13019, but not CBD, attenuated the reinforcing effects of palatable food or morphine.

Conclusions and Implications

KLS‐13019 like CBD, prevented the development of CIPN, while KLS‐13019 uniquely attenuated established CIPN. Because KLS‐13019 binds to fewer biological targets, this will help to identifying molecular mechanisms shared by these two compounds and those unique to KLS‐13019. Lastly, KLS‐13019 may possess the ability to attenuate reinforced behaviour, an effect not observed in the present study with CBD.
A 5‐year data report of traumatic dental injuries in children and adolescents from a major dental trauma center in Greece
Authors: Agouropoulos Andreas , Pavlou Nancy , Kotsanti Marilena , Gourtsogianni Sofia , Tzanetakis Giorgos , Gizani Sotiria
Published: April 2021

Background/Aim

Prevalence and demographic characteristics of traumatic dental injuries (TDI) differ in different countries. The aim of this retrospective study was to assess TDI in primary and permanent teeth among children and adolescents who presented to the Department of Paediatric Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece, during the last 5 years.

Material and Methods

Dental records of 236 new patients who presented with dento‐alveolar trauma to the Postgraduate Dental Clinic from 1/1/2014 to 31/12/2019 were reviewed. Data recorded were gender, age, month of the year the injury occurred, type of trauma, and number of traumatized teeth. Injuries were classified as fracture, luxation, or combination injuries. Descriptive statistics, chi‐squared (x2), and Fisher's exact tests were used to evaluate the results. Level of significance was set at 5%.

Results

The age of the patients ranged from 1 to 18 years old, with a mean of 8.63 years (SD: 3.52). There were 395 anterior traumatized teeth and 2 cases with traumatized posterior teeth. Children suffered trauma more often at the ages of 5 years, 7 years, and 11 years. In this cohort, 60% were boys who had a higher chance of having trauma than girls (odds ratio = 1.418 95% CI = 0.724, 2.777). Most TDI occurred in March and May, followed by June and February, and most traumatized teeth were permanent (80%). Maxillary central incisors in both dentitions were injured most often and significantly more compared to lateral incisors (p < 0 .01). The most common type of injury was a fracture in the permanent dentition (60%) and luxation injuries (69%) in the primary dentition.

Conclusions

Traumatic dental injuries in this cohort occurred mostly in spring, affected boys more than girls, permanent teeth more than primary teeth, maxillary incisors more than mandibular incisors, and central incisors more than lateral incisors, while children aged 5, 7, and 11 years old had the most injuries.
A microstructure‐based homogenization model for predicting the low‐cycle fatigue initiation life of GH4169 superalloy
Authors: Yang Mao , Lu Shan
Published: April 2021

A microstructure‐based homogenization model is proposed for simulating the cyclic plasticity and predicting the low‐cycle fatigue (LCF) crack initiation life of GH4169 superalloy. Classical crystal plastic model (CPM) with a simple softening model is used at the grain level. Then, the transition from grain level to polycrystal level is based on the conservation of virtual work between the two levels. The Eshelby's formulation is applied in the model. Especially, local influences of grain interactions are considered by introducing the external Eshelby's tensor. Relatively precise macroresults and microresults as the finite element method can be provided by the present model with less computational cost. Grain volume averaged fatigue indicator parameters (FIPs) with considering the effect of inclusions are formed to predict the LCF crack initiation life, and a fold‐line fitting model is proposed to substitute for the cycle‐by‐cycle simulation. Predicted lives fit well with the experimental data for both the strain loading and stress loading simulations. Scatter of the life can also be predicted by the model and overwhelming influences of the incubation stage on the variability of LCF initiation life can be captured. It is shown that the inclusions and the inhomogeneous plastic strain are responsible for the scatter of the incubation stage.
Does firm‐level political risk influence corporate social responsibility (CSR)? Evidence from earnings conference calls
Authors: Chatjuthamard Pattanaporn , Treepongkaruna Sirimon , Jiraporn Pornsit , Jiraporn Napatsorn
Published: April 2021

Exploiting a novel measure of firm‐level political risk based on earnings conference calls, we explore the effect of political exposure on corporate social responsibility (CSR). We show that firms more exposed to political risk invest significantly more in CSR activities. This finding is consistent with the risk‐mitigation hypothesis, which posits that CSR produces moral capital that safeguards the firm in case of a negative event. Hence, firms exposed to more political risk engage in more CSR activities to take advantage of its insurance‐like effect. An increase in political exposure by one standard deviation raises CSR engagement by 27.95%.
Business Elites and European Integration: Really a Honeymoon Story?
Authors: Conti Nicolo' , Marino Bruno , Memoli Vincenzo
Published: April 2021

The question whether elites contribute constructively to the process of European integration has become more crucial today in times of increasing Euroscepticism and populist opposition to the European Union in the member states. In this article we venture off beaten paths and focus on a hitherto much less investigated segment of society, business elites, and particularly on their attitudes towards the process of European integration. For this purpose, we focus on a cross‐national survey of business elites with data from ten European countries. We show that levels of support for European integration are uneven across countries. At the same time, applying regression analysis, we find that the ways in which business elites shape their attitudes towards the European Union are not so different from those of public opinion, as individual‐level factors are more influential on their attitudes than are the structural properties of their companies.
The role of child negative emotionality in parenting and child adjustment: Gene–environment interplay
Authors: Shewark Elizabeth A. , Ramos Amanda M. , Liu Chang , Ganiban Jody M. , Fosco Gregory , Shaw Daniel S. , Reiss David , Natsuaki Misaki N. , Leve Leslie D. , Neiderhiser Jenae M.
Published: April 2021

Background

Evocative gene–environment correlation (rGE) describes a process through which children’s heritable characteristics influence their rearing environments. The current study examined whether heritable influences on parenting and children’s behavioural outcomes operate through child negative emotionality.

Method

Using data from the Early Growth and Development Study, we examined associations among adoptive parent reports of child anger and sadness at 4.5 years, adoptive parents’ hostile and warm parenting at 6 years and child behavioural problems and social competence at age 7. Birth parent temperament was included to test whether child effects on parents reflect evocative gene–environment correlation (rGE).

Results

Child anger at 4.5 years evoked hostile parenting from adoptive parents at 6 years, which was subsequently related to child problem behaviours at 7 years. Evocative rGE effects were identified for adoptive parents’ hostile parenting.

Conclusions

By employing a genetically informed design, we found that birth parent temperament was related to child negative emotionality. Adoptive parents were sensitive to child negative emotionality, and this sensitivity was linked to the child’s later adjustment.
Reducing depression‐related stigma and increasing treatment seeking among adolescents: randomized controlled trial of a brief video intervention
Authors: Amsalem Doron , Martin Andrés
Published: April 2021

Background

Confronting stigma early in life could enhance receptivity to seeking treatment. We evaluated the efficacy of social contact interventions to reduce stigma toward depression and to enhance treatment‐seeking intentions among adolescents. We hypothesized that the brief video‐based interventions would be more effective than their matched controls.

Method

Using crowdsourcing, we recruited and randomly assigned 1,183 participants aged 14–18 to one of four video‐based stimuli on a 4:4:1:1 ratio: (a) adolescent girl with depression; (b) adolescent boy with depression; (c) same girl, without depression; or (d) same boy, without depression. In each of the ~100‐second‐long videos, two simulated patients (SPs) depicted empowered presenters sharing their personal stories. In the depression conditions, SPs described how social support from family, friends, and professionals helped them overcome their symptoms and recover.

Results

We found a significant effect for the Depression Stigma Scale (DSS) between active and control groups (F = 27.4, p < .001). We found a significant increase in treatment‐seeking intentions, as measured by the General Help‐Seeking Questionnaire (GHSQ; p < .001). Secondary analyses revealed that racial (but not gender) congruence between protagonists and participants resulted in greater stigma reduction and treatment seeking, as compared to racially incongruent pairings (t = 2.9, p = .004).

Conclusion

A brief video‐based intervention effectively reduced stigma toward depression and increased treatment seeking among adolescents. Favorable changes were greater when race (but not gender) was congruent between protagonists and participants. Future studies should explore how to optimize brief contact‐based interventions according to adolescents’ race and ethnicity and how to scale such interventions to novel online platforms of dissemination.
A Theory of Zombie Lending
Authors: HU YUNZHI , VARAS FELIPE
Published: April 2021

An entrepreneur borrows from a relationship bank or the market. The bank has a higher cost of capital but produces private information over time. While the entrepreneur accumulates reputation as the lending relationship continues, asymmetric information is also developed between the bank/entrepreneur and the market. In this setting, zombie lending is inevitable: Once the entrepreneur becomes sufficiently reputable, the bank will roll over loans even after learning bad news, for the prospect of future market financing. Zombie lending is mitigated when the entrepreneur faces financial constraints. Finally, the bank stops producing information too early if information production is costly.
Combination of three‐dimensional placental vascular indices and volume and uterine artery pulsatility index at 10–13 weeks of gestation could improve the prediction of adverse pregnancy outcomes
Authors: Park In Yang , Wie Jeong ha , Park Ji Hyun , Kwon Ji Young
Published: April 2021

Aim

To evaluate whether three‐dimensional (3D) placental vascular indices and volumes during the first trimester of pregnancy can be used as predictors of subsequent adverse outcomes.

Methods

This was a prospective cohort study including women with singleton pregnancies between 10 and 13 weeks. 3D placental volume and vascular indices and uterine artery pulsatility index (UtA‐PI) were measured. Adverse outcomes were defined whether there was any of the following complications: small for gestational age pregnancy, preterm delivery, and preeclampsia. The serum pregnancy‐associated plasma protein‐A (PAPP‐A) and free beta‐human chorionic gonadotropin (β‐hCG) levels were also compared. We analyzed the screening performances of these parameters for prediction of any of adverse outcomes.

Results

Of 348 women screened, 300 women were completed follow‐up. Overall, 57 (19.0%) of 300 women developed any of adverse pregnancy outcomes.

Multiple logistic regression analysis demonstrated that gestational age—adjusted z‐scores of log10 placental volume (odds ratio [OR], 0.572; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.416–0.788), log10 placental vascularization flow index (VFI; OR, 0.676; 95% CI, 0.496–0.921), and log10 UtA‐PI (OR, 1.910; 95% CI, 1.335–2.731) were significantly associated adverse pregnancy outcomes. The multivariate model combining placental VFI, placental volume, UtA‐PI, and underweight or obese body mass index exhibited the highest screening performances (AUC = 0.77) and PAPP‐A and β‐hCG did not add any significance to multivariate model.

Conclusions

Placental volume and vascular indices at 10–13 weeks of gestation are significantly associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. Combination of these placental indices and UtA‐PI could improve the screening performance for adverse outcomes.