bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ecofeminism in the Framework of Local Wisdom: Viewing the Existence of Mpu Uteun as a Forest Guardian
Authors: Qabilla Nayyara Shafa , Abulkhair Muhammad Faris , Nabila Siti , Jemany Jemany , Riamanda Irin
Published: December 2024

Environmental degradation, such as illegal logging and poaching, has caused significant harm, particularly to communities dependent on forests. Women, who share an intimate connection with nature through needs like water, food, and shelter, are among the most affected groups. In this context, ecofeminism emerges to advocate for equality and challenge the domination of women and nature. A manifestation of ecofeminism is seen in the Mpu Uteun community in Damaran Baru, Bener Meriah Regency, led by women. This qualitative study employs a phenomenological approach, with five respondents selected through purposive sampling. The findings reveal four key themes: Nature Dependency (human reliance on nature), Feminine Competence (women's ability to protect forests), Recognition (acknowledgment of Mpu Uteun), and Existence (the community's well-being). These insights highlight the role of women as forest guardians and significant agents of change within the ecofeminism framework.Therefore most of them prefer to invest in businesses rather than this UPS retirement scheme.
Urban Policy Analysis in Street Vendor Arrangement on Padang Beach
Authors: Purnomo Dwi , Yusran Rahmadani
Published: December 2024

This research aims to identify the ways in which the urban regulations of Padang Beach have affected the ways in which street sellers do business. The author carried out this study by employing descriptive qualitative methods. Interviews and documentation are the means of data collection employed in this study. After completing the data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing steps of the data analysis process, conclusions were drawn. This study draws on Blackman's theory of urban policy, which focusses on public service provision and access improvement in metropolitan areas. According to the study's findings, both enabling and limiting variables impact the implementation of street vendor arrangements from an urban policy standpoint. The problems faced in structuring street vendors are regulations and institutions, availability of land for developing facilities, empowerment and supervision and partnerships and the role of the community. So, to fix issues with street vendor management in the Padang Beach region, we need a more holistic and coordinated approach.
Awareness Campaign Through Art Exhibition (Case Study: Kala Kali Incognito – Heri Dono)
Authors: Puri Litya Ainunning , Handriyotopo Handriyotopo , Salma Muthiah Anas
Published: December 2024

This research aims to analyze art exhibitions as an awareness campaign through metaphorical symbols in the artworks. One of art’s functions is as a medium of awareness because artists deliver paradigm waves through their art. Kala Kali Incognito is an exhibition held by Heri Dono. Through this exhibition, Heri Dono presents his paradigm on the condition of Indonesians during the COVID-19 breakout. This research has contributed knowledge to society about art. Art is not only about aesthetics but also as a signifier of issues in society. Moreover, this research can be used as an alternative idea for the next curation of an exhibition, especially for understanding societal issues through art. This study uses a descriptive approach and interpretative analysis by reading about the social situation during the exhibition. The result showed that the Kala Kali Incognito’s Exhibition by Heri Dono was held as a reflection of COVID-19 issues and played a role in awareness and reflection for society in 2020. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pameran seni rupa sebagai upaya penyadaran melalui simbol-simbol metafora dalam karya seni. Salah satu fungsi seni rupa adalah sebagai media penyadaran karena seniman menyampaikan gelombang paradigma melalui karya seninya. Kala Kali Incognito merupakan pameran yang diselenggarakan oleh Heri Dono. Melalui pameran ini, Heri Dono memaparkan paradigmanya tentang kondisi masyarakat Indonesia di tengah merebaknya COVID-19. Penelitian ini telah memberikan sumbangan pengetahuan kepada masyarakat tentang seni rupa. Seni rupa tidak hanya tentang estetika, tetapi juga sebagai penanda berbagai isu dalam masyarakat. Selain itu, penelitian ini dapat dijadikan sebagai alternatif ide untuk kurasi pameran selanjutnya, khususnya untuk memahami berbagai isu sosial melalui seni rupa. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif dan analisis interpretatif dengan membaca situasi sosial selama pameran berlangsung. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Pameran Kala Kali Incognito karya Heri Dono diselenggarakan sebagai refleksi atas isu-isu COVID-19 dan berperan dalam penyadaran dan refleksi bagi masyarakat pada tahun 2020.
Metal Conservation Method in The Infinity Statue by Dunadi
Authors: Ratnaningtyas Yohana Ari , Purwanto Tambak Sihno , R Luna Chantiaya , T Geminisya Aldeana
Published: December 2024

The Infinity Sculpture by Dunadi is a media representation of the idea of the eternal function of bicycles over time. The infinity statue is primarily made of ferrous metal, so it has the potential for damage in the form of patina and rust, especially when exposed to direct sunlight, rainwater, oxygen, and other substances that accelerate corrosion growth. The current condition of the infinity statue by Dunadi could be better because most of the paint has peeled off, and rust has grown on the entire surface of the metal that is not covered with paint. This article discusses the application of modern metal conservation methods to Dunadi’s Infinity Sculpture. This study’s contemporary metal conservation method compares several synthetic chemicals to clean rust on metal and then apply it to Dunadi’s Infinity Statue. The synthetic chemicals used are some of the rust-cleaning agents available. Synthetic chemicals are available because they are easy to obtain and relatively safe. We tested Several brands of rust cleaners available on the market on metal objects similar to the material for making infinity statues. As a result, the most effective rust- cleaning chemicals contain hydrochloric acid. Patung Infinity karya Dunadi merupakan representasi media dari gagasan tentang fungsi abadi sepeda dari waktu ke waktu. Patung infinity utamanya terbuat dari logam besi, sehingga berpotensi mengalami kerusakan berupa patina dan karat, terutama jika terkena sinar matahari langsung, air hujan, oksigen, dan zat lain yang mempercepat pertumbuhan korosi. Kondisi patung infinity karya Dunadi saat ini bisa lebih baik karena sebagian besar catnya sudah terkelupas, dan karat sudah tumbuh di seluruh permukaan logam yang tidak dilapisi cat. Artikel ini membahas penerapan metode konservasi logam modern pada Patung Infinity karya Dunadi. Metode konservasi logam kontemporer dalam penelitian ini membandingkan beberapa bahan kimia sintetis untuk membersihkan karat pada logam lalu mengaplikasikannya pada Patung Infinity karya Dunadi. Bahan kimia sintetis yang digunakan merupakan beberapa bahan pembersih karat yang tersedia. Bahan kimia sintetis tersedia karena mudah diperoleh dan relatif aman. Kami menguji beberapa merek pembersih karat yang tersedia di pasaran pada benda logam yang mirip dengan bahan untuk membuat patung infinity. Hasilnya, bahan kimia pembersih karat yang paling efektif mengandung asam klorida.
KARAKTERISTIK BAYI DENGAN IKTERUS NEONATORUM DI RSUP PROF. DR. I.G.N.G. NGOERAH, DENPASAR
Authors: Sari Ni Wayan Puspita , Mahalini Dewi Sutriani , Witarini Komang Ayu , Mayangsari Ayu Setyorini Mestika
Published: December 2024

Ikterus neonatorum merupakan tanda klinis berupa pewarnaan kuning akibat suatu kondisi peningkatan kadar bilirubin serum total ?5 mg/dL (hiperbilirubinemia) yang dibuktikan melalui hasil laboratorium. Kondisi ini sering dijumpai pada bayi baru lahir dengan angka kejadian di Indonesia yang cukup tinggi. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui karakteristik bayi dengan ikterus neonatorum di RSUP Prof. Dr. I.G.N.G. Ngoerah sehingga dapat digunakan sebagai dasar pemberian edukasi terhadap pasien, serta tindakan preventif maupun kuratif yang diberikan bisa lebih efisien. Penelitian ini dilakukan di RSUP Prof. Dr. I.G.N.G. Ngoerah Denpasar. Data diambil dari rekam medis pasien neonatus yang dirawat pada periode Januari-Desember 2021. Penyajian data dilakukan secara deskriptif. Penentuan sampel menggunakan teknik consecutive sampling dengan jumlah minimal 96 sampel. Dari total 147 sampel yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi, didapatkan data distribusi usia gestasi tertinggi pada usia 32-37 minggu (51,7%), sedangkan pada berat bayi lahir distribusi tertinggi pada rentang 1500-2499 gram (45,58%). Karakteristik lainnya, cara persalinan tertinggi melalui sectio caesaria (72,8%), jenis kelamin laki-laki (56,46%), ASI eksklusif (68,03%), dan etiologi breastfeeding jaundice (59,9%). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa karakteristik bayi yang mengalami ikterus neonatorum di RSUP Prof. Dr. I.G.N.G. Ngoerah paling banyak dengan usia gestasi 32-37 minggu (moderate to late preterm), berat badan lahir rendah (1500-2499 gram), cara persalinan sectio caesaria (SC), jenis kelamin laki-laki, ASI eksklusif, dan etiologi breastfeeding jaundice.
DEMOGRAPHIC AND PREDICTOR FACTORS OF SEVERE DENGUE IN CHILDREN AT SUMBER WARAS HOSPITAL: A RETROSPECTIVE OBSERVATIONAL STUDY
Authors: Sais Vira Cendana , Sari Meiriani , Halim Hendy , Alfara Lady Dhita
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT
Background: Dengue prevalence is still high worldwide, as well as in Indonesia. Jakarta is the second province with the most dengue cases in early 2024. Funding and cost constraints hinder dengue diagnosis. This study aims to determine the demographics of dengue cases and predictive factors of severe dengue without diagnostic laboratory examination.
Patients and Methods: This was a retrospective observational study of pediatric patients at Sumber Waras Hospital Jakarta from January-June 2024. Inclusion criteria were probable dengue respondents without dengue diagnostic examination. Data in the form of home address and various predictors of severe dengue were then analyzed univariate and multivariate (chi-square, Fisher exact test, and binary logistic regression), with p value <0.05 considered significant.
Results: There were 162 cases, with 115 dengue cases with warning signs and 47 severe dengue cases; there were 2 deaths in severe dengue. Grogol Petamburan district, especially Grogol urban village, is the area with the highest proportion. Predictors of severe dengue in univariate analysis were age, lethargy, persistent vomiting, abdominal pain, mucosal bleeding, hepatomegaly, clinical fluid accumulation, hematocrit >40%, platelets count <50,000/mm3 + hematocrit >40%, and platelets count <20,000/mm3. On the other hand, multivariate analysis found lethargy, abdominal pain, mucosal bleeding, hepatomegaly, and hematocrit >40% were predictors of severe dengue (p-value <0.05).
Conclusion: Although with limited laboratory examination,d monitoring of dengue warning signs, periodic platelet and hematocrit examination can be a predictor of severe dengue according to WHO 2009 criteria. Larger-scale studies are needed to confirm the predictive factors of severe dengue.
 Keywords: dengue, demographic, predictive factors
Spatio-temporal trends in precipitation and temperature, as well as changes in Köppen-Geiger climate classes in the Sila river sub-basin, Mexico (1956-2015)
Authors:   Faculty of Geography, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, State of Mexico, Mexico, Segundo-Sandoval Raquel , Manzano-Solís Luis Ricardo ,   Faculty of Geography, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, State of Mexico, Mexico, Franco-Plata Roberto ,   Faculty of Geography, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, State of Mexico, Mexico, Guerra-Cobián Víctor Hugo ,   School of Civil Engineering, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Nuevo León, Mexico
Published: December 2024

According to various national and international institutions, which position Mexico as one of the most vulnerable countries to the effects of climate variability, such as extreme hydrometeorological events and climate change, with intensify some of these events. The research was conducted with the purpose of understanding how temperature and precipitation have behaved over a 60-year period (1956-2015), based on the analysis of monthly data from meteorological stations, using process automation (to structure geospatial data, perform interpolations, and classify climate according to Köppen-Geiger), and the use of geospatial tools, in one of the most important sub-basins as a source of drinking water supply, both for the region and for Mexico City, and one of the main agricultural areas in the State of Mexico. The results of the three analyses conducted in this study demonstrate that, although there have been some changes in precipitation and temperature values, these variations have not implied a change in the current climate type. However, it is not ruled out that this situation may be altered at the watershed level, as other authors assert, mentioning that precipitation is decreasing while temperatures are rising throughout the central region of the country. Therefore, integrated environmental conservation actions within the Sila river sub-basin are necessary to maintain current climatic conditions, thus safeguarding the well-being of future generations.
The School Garden As A Tool in the Teaching-Learning Process of Environmental Education in A Riverside Community on The Bank of The Iguaçu River
Authors: Rezena Pamela Eduarda Lopes dos Santos , Pereira Luciana Boemer Cesar , Santos Mariana Ranchuka dos , Amaral Anelize Queiroz , Souza Geisiane dos Santos de
Published: December 2024

Objective: This article aimed to promote actions and investigate aspects about caring for the environment in a public school in a community on the banks of the Iguaçu River through Environmental Education.
 
Theoretical Framework: To this end, the garden was used as a tool in the teaching-learning process of environmental themes, bringing topics such as care for the environment, society-nature relationship, sustainable societies and food sovereignty into this discussion.
 
Method: The methodology of this work was carried out through a university extension workshop developed by the Sala +Verde project in the waves of the Iguaçu river in partnership with the Hortas project in small school spaces, spread throughout the community of the Foz do Chopim district in the municipality of Cruzeiro do Iguaçu – Paraná, being held at the Foz do Chopim Municipal School, with students of Elementary School.
 
Results and Discussion: However, it was identified that the workshop for the construction of the school garden with the aim of awakening a reflection on the society-nature relationship and the promotion of food sovereignty, provoked in the subjects involved a feeling of belonging and care for that space
 
Research Implications: Consequently, the workshop provided information that students can take home, promoting practices that allow us to move towards a better quality of life and care for our common good
 
Originality/Value: This study contributes to the literature by promoting teaching and learning actions on environmental topics. The relevance and value of this research are evidenced by highlighting aspects of care for the environment.
Distance Education and Lifelong Learning: Pathways for Teacher Training in the 21st Century
Authors: Lopes Cleber , Costa Aldemar Balbino da , Lara Sandra Mara de , Lara Luiza Leticia Carvalho de , Zoppo Beatriz Maria
Published: December 2024

Objective: This study aims to understand the potential of the concept of lifelong learning in the context of educators’ continuing education, mediated by digital technologies and Distance Education (DE), focusing on promoting continuous learning to meet the demands of an ever-changing educational landscape.
 
Theoretical Framework: The research is grounded in the contributions of Paulo Freire, who values critical and collaborative learning, and Malcolm Knowles, with his andragogy theory emphasizing autonomy and active participation in the learning process. Concepts such as DE and the use of digital technologies are explored to contextualize the theme.
 
Method: The qualitative and exploratory methodology included a bibliographic review and documentary analysis of 39 articles extracted from the Scielo database, selected based on descriptors related to lifelong learning and teachers’ continuing education.
 
Results and Discussion: The results show that digital technologies and DE are essential for democratizing access to continuing education, enabling greater flexibility and collaboration. However, ethical and certification challenges remain as barriers to effective implementation.
 
Research Implications: This study provides insights for pedagogical practices and educational policies, emphasizing the role of digital technologies in strengthening continuous learning and educators’ professional development.
 
Originality/Value: The research contributes by highlighting the potential of digital technologies in the educational context, offering an innovative approach to teachers’ continuing education.
Sustainable Potential of Renewable Energies in the Brazilian Northeast
Authors: Vieira Bianca Alencar , Vieira Breno Alencar
Published: December 2024

Objective: The aim of this paper is to investigate the potential for renewable energy generation in the Northeast region of Brazil, seeking to enhance its contribution to the national energy matrix.
 
Theoretical Framework: The Brazilian Northeast, with its abundance of natural resources, stands out as a promising region for the development of renewable energies, particularly wind and solar. In the context of a global energy transition and carbon emission reduction, Brazil sees the Northeast as a significant opportunity to meet the growing energy demand sustainably.
 
Method: For this analysis, a bibliographic review was conducted using data from official sources such as the National Electric Energy Agency, the National Electric System Operator, and the Brazilian Atlases of Wind and Solar Energy Potential.
 
Results and Discussion: The results indicate a significant growth in wind and solar energy generation, although still below the installed capacity. With a favorable climate and potential comparable to that of major powers, the Northeast presents strategic opportunities to expand its participation in the country's energy matrix.
 
Research Implications: The Northeast emerges as a strategic area for expanding renewable energies in Brazil, requiring incentives and infrastructure improvements to optimize the use of wind and solar energy, attract investments, and strengthen the country’s sustainable economy.
 
Originality/Value: This study is innovative in its specific analysis of the renewable potential of the Northeast, integrating data on capacity and climate, and offers a strategic perspective for policies and investments, highlighting the region as essential in Brazil's energy transition.
Strategies of The Entrepreneurial Profile of Microentrepreneurs From the Perspective of Leadership Culture, Study Range Years 2017 – 2021
Authors: Chaves Martha Milena Cuellar
Published: December 2024

Objective: under study analyzes the impact of entrepreneurship on business strategies, focusing on leadership profiles and social skills, and their measurement through organizational strategy indicators. It also seeks to characterize strategies, competencies and challenges in the leadership culture to outline the entrepreneurial profile.
 
Theoretical Framework: is based on the works of Hofstede, Robbins, Morelos, GEM, and David McClelland. The theoretical framework allows us to understand the cultural and leadership factors that influence entrepreneurship.
 
Method: The study method is divided into two phases: a comprehensive documentary review of the literature between 2017 and 2021 using academic databases, and the design of a methodological approach for future research on transversal social relationships.
 
Results and Discussion: The results of the documentary review highlight various skill and competency strategies in the leadership culture, identifying key indicators to measure the impact of entrepreneurship on organizational strategies and their improvement in strategic direction.
 
Research Implications: The research provides a solid foundation for developing policies and programs that promote entrepreneurship and improve leadership culture in organizations. In addition, it offers valuable tools to evaluate the effectiveness of business strategies in the context of entrepreneurship.
 
Originality/Value: The study is original due to its multidimensional approach, combining a theoretical review with a detailed documentary review. Its value lies in the proposal of an entrepreneurial profile based on skills and competency strategies, and in the identification of organizational indicators to evaluate the success of entrepreneurship in the business field.
Engaing Brand Awareness for Sustainable Innovations in Cultural Tourism Towards Intangible Cultural Heritage (ICH): The Case Studies of China, Myanmar, Thailand, and Australia
Authors: Sawagvudcharee Ousanee
Published: December 2024

Purpose: This research aims to improve our understanding of the development of intangible cultural heritage with the goal of promoting cultural tourism along with sustainable innovations that prioritize sustainable and environmentally conscious locations. This will be done by using brand awareness to develop sustainable innovations for cultural tourism through intangible cultural heritage.
 
Theoretical Framework: The study of sustainable innovations in cultural tourism through intangible cultural heritage focuses on raising awareness and promoting green tourism towards knowledge cybernetics (KC). This is done in order to promote tourism culture by raising brand awareness through intangible cultural heritage for sustainable innovations that draw some identities from intangible cultural heritages.
 
Method: Philosophy, ontological, and epistemological stances, the interpretative approach, a case study methodology, the research design specification, the ethics of human research, and the rationale for the qualitative research methodology employed in this study are all highlighted in the study. As a case study methodology, an interpretive approach was used. The qualitative perspective and the triangulation method were supported by both documentation analysis and non-participation observation. Critical analyses, thematic coding, and content analysis were used to examine the data.
 
Results and Discussion: According to the results, brand awareness plays a significant role in developing sustainable innovations towards intangible cultural heritages for cultural tourism, which in turn encourages and stimulates travelers to pay attention to a place and be inclined to return. Additionally, it should assist travel destinations in consistently receiving viral marketing and a range of word-of-mouth referrals.
 
Research Implications: This practical study uses 4 countries—China, Myanmar, Thailand, and Australia—as the case studies to illustrate the importance of building brand awareness towards intangible cultural heritages for sustainable innovations to promote cultural tourism. It should demonstrate their importance to community development, local and national economics, the preservation and propagation of intangible culture, and the establishment of long-term jobs and revenue streams for the local population.
Evaluation of neuroophthalmologic examination in cats and dogs: A retrospective study: 110 cases (2023)
Authors: Şengöz Şirin Özlem , Şirin Muhammed Yusuf , Elvan Ayşe Nihan
Published: December 2024

This retrospective study includes 20 cats and 90 dogs brought to the Surgical Clinic of Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Animal Hospital with various diseases between January and June 2023. In addition to routine eye examinations, neuro-ophthalmological examinations (nystagmus, strabismus, pupillary light reflex, palpebral reflex, corneal reflex, menace reflex, dazzle reflex) were performed on the patients, and the results of neuro-ophthalmological and routine eye examinations were evaluated retrospectively. Of the cats examined, 55% had pathology on routine ophthalmologic examination and 45% had pathology on neuro-ophthalmologic examination. Pathology was detected in 52.22% of dogs on routine ophthalmologic examination and 22.22% on neuro-ophthalmologic examination. One dog with microphthalmia could not be examined. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of neuroophthalmological diseases in dogs and cats. This study showed that many neuro-ophthalmological diseases are likely to be overlooked during the examination, and diagnosis may be difficult. Therefore, neuroophthalmological examinations should be added to routine ophthalmological examinations.
Incidence of hoof deformities in honamli herd raised semi-intensively
Authors: Çınar Harun , Şirin Muhammed Yusuf
Published: December 2024

Although hoof deformities are frequently encountered in small cattle, this situation is ignored by breeder until the animal shows signs of lameness. Nail deformities, environment, nutrition and individual characteristics of the animal are effective in the occurrence of foot diseases. Overgrowth is the most common cause of lameness. Correctly trimming the nails at regular intervals can prevent lameness. Lack of sufficient movement space in hovels and shelters, dung and urine on the floor of the hovel, inadequate walking and not going out to pasture prevent the nail from being sufficiently worn out and cause the nail to grow excessively and become deformed. Some congenital hoof defects, leg and foot posture disorders and similar structures pave the way for foot diseases in small ruminants. It is very important for the herd that animals with this structure are not used as breeding stock. In intensive breeding, foot diseases and hoof deformations cause significant economic losses. The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence of hoof deformities in semi-intensive Honamlı goat herds. In the study, 163 Honamlı breed goats were examined for hoof deformities. Hoof deformities were detected in 61 of 163 honamlı goats. In the distribution of hoof deformities in Honamlı goats; 54 (55,10%) of the goats with hoof deformities had lateral deviation hoof, 2 (2,04%) had corkscrew hoof, 2 (2,04%) had cleft hoof and 2 (2,04%) had beak-like hoof. It was concluded that Honamlı goats are more resistant to hoof deformities than other small ruminant species and other goat breeds.
Some Factors Affecting the Level of the Seas
Authors:   Department of geography, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
Published: December 2024

Sea level changes cause severe problems along coastal areas today. There are places undergoing rising sea levels but other coasts show the sea levels to be stable or falling.
Analysis of annual CO2 gas emissions in West Africa
Authors:   Equipe de la Physique pour l'Environnement, Laboratoire de Physique Fondamentale et Appliquée, Université NANGUI
Published: December 2024

Temporal trends and variability of annual anthropogenic CO2 emissions in 16 West African countries over the 1970-2015 period are analyzed using EDGAR data. HUBERT segmentation methods and Empirical Modal Decomposition (EMD)
Comparative Effectiveness of Statin Therapy in Reducing Cardiovascular Events
Authors:   Department Of Internal Medicine, Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan
Published: December 2024

Statins are a class of drugs that can help lower the blood’s low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol level. Evidence suggests that all statins are associated with a statistically significant reduction in risk for primary and secondary cardiovascular events.
Influence of Poultry Manure Rates on Postharvest Quality and Shelf-Life of Green Pepper (Capsicum Annum) Fruits
Authors:   Bia Lamplighter College Of Education, Ntim Amedor Evans
Published: December 2024

The research investigated the impact of different poultry manure rates on the post-harvest quality and shelf-life of green pepper (Capsicum annuum) fruits. The experiment utilized a 3×1 factorial design, implemented within a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) framework.
Evaluating the Serum Level of IL-40 in a Sample of Iraqi Men with Ankylosing Spondylitis
Authors: Ahmed Shahad S. , Abed Reema M.
Published: December 2024

Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a form of arthritis that predominantly affects the spine and is characterized by immune and skeletal disorders causing deterioration in structural integrity, functional capability, and overall quality of life. This study aimed to estimate IL-40 serum level in Iraqi men who had AS. Blood samples were obtained from 100 patients (with AS) and 100 men (controls group). The enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay was used to measure the IL-40 level in blood samples. The investigation's findings showed that the typical patient’s age was 40.56 ± 10.19 years old. While the control group's average age was 38.76 ± 10.52 years. The results found that the duration of the disease was< 5 years in 44% of cases, 5-10 years in 50% and >10 years in 6% of cases. Patients without HLA-B27 had higher IL-40 levels, on average than those with HLA-B27 (p= 0.0001). Analysis of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve suggested that a serum IL-40 level of 14.18 pg/mL (AUC = 0.93; p= 0.0001) was optimal which was considered the point at which a person was either affected or not. The differences in the interleukin level in serum between patients and controls were included. The results for levels of IL-40 appeared higher significant differences in patients as contrasted to healthy controls (19.10 ± 5.07 vs 9.13 ± 4.03 pg/ml; p<0.001). Also, the results showed that IL-40 was not substantially correlated with BASFI, BASDAI, Erythrocyte sedimentation, white blood cell count, disease duration, hemoglobin, urea, C-reactive protein or creatinine. While age had a significant positive association with IL-40 serum levels. In conclusion, IL-40 levels in the serum of AS patients were significantly higher than those of healthy controls which indicated that it could play an important pathogenetic role in AS.
Utilization of Limosilactobacillus fermentum Cells in a Gel Formula as a Dermal Probiotic against MDR Pseudomonas aeruginosa Associated with Burn Wound Infection
Authors: Darweesh Ahmad Hameed Khalaf , Luti Khalid Jaber Kadhum
Published: December 2024

This work aimed to select a safe and bacteriocin-producing isolate of Lactobacillus to use it as a probiotic for treating Pseudomonas aeruginosa associated with burn infections. For this purpose, 151 burn wound swabs were collected from patients to isolate the most common multi-drug resistance Pseudomonas aeruginosa that could be used as an indicator. In addition, thirty-six Lactobacillus isolates were collected from different sources and subjected to a screening program to evaluate their antagonism activities against MDR P. aeruginosa. Based on results, the isolate Lactobacillus HLB12 showed a highest bacteriocin production which was further characterized as Limosilactobacillus fermentum through 16s ribosomal RNA. Several tests were performed to study the properties of Limosilactobacillus fermentum HLB12, particularly its biosafety and suitability to be a successful probiotic. Results showed that L. fermentum HLB12 was resistant to β-lactams group such as ticarcillin/clavulanate. Whereas it was sensitive to amikacin, ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin. Moreover, the results confirmed that L. fermentum HLB12 was safe as a probiotic without any health impacts as it has no hemolytic activity. Furthermore, results revealed that this bacterium was strongly adherent and good biofilm producer, had high auto-aggregation capability and high ability of adhering with Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Limosilactobacillus fermentum cells were successfully incorporated into a gel base formula. The results revealed that cells kept their viability over 21 days with an ability to produce and release the bacteriocin. The formula was tested in vitro and results showed a high antagonistic activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Next, the formula was tested in vivo to treat rabbit models with full-thickness skin burn. Upon examining the healing process, results showed signs of remodeling stage by day four and scar tissue formation by day nine. The results supported the idea of using probiotic as an alternative method for the treatment with antibiotics.
Comparison between the Lineament Trends at Western Euphrates River and Eastern Parts in Central Iraq, Depending on the Total Horizontal Derivative of Residual Magnetic Maps Obtained from Four Upward Continuation Levels
Authors: Majeed Hayder H. , Al-Banna Ahmed S.
Published: December 2024

The upward continuation was used to obtain the residual RTP magnetic maps at elevations 2, 12, 16 and 22 km. These maps are processed by the Total Horizontal Derivative (THD) technique to detect the main lineaments that represent the boundary of subsurface sources or fractures. The high background of THD in the central part of the study area supports the presence of a group of faults between the western and eastern parts of the area. The obtained lineaments trends were represented on the rose diagram, as were the main trends in the study area. The predominant lineaments (faults) trends in the western part in descending are N55W, N35W, N05W, N65W, N45W, N25W, N05E, N15E, and N35E, respectively, for the four considered upward elevations. The lineament in eastern part found trending N55W, N35W, N35E, N45W, N45E, N05E, N25E, and N05W, respectively. The lineaments of the western and eastern parts indicate that the main trend in shallow sources is NW-SE, which coincides with the Najd fault system (540-620 Ma) in the Arabian Plate. The deep-level lineaments are trending N-S, which coincides with the Nabitah fault system (680-640 Ma).
Sequencing Analysis of the ITS Region for Some Fusarium Species Isolated from Infected Tomato Plants
Authors: AL-Masoudi Rasha Khalid Hussein , AL Judy Neamat J.
Published: December 2024

Fusarium wilt is one of the most important diseases that affects various plants and is caused by the fungus Fusarium oxysporum. Fusarium wilts in tomato plants are caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (FOL), whether in fields or greenhouses. The tomato plant is considered one of the most important plants. This disease, however, affects its agricultural production. The current research aimed to diagnose Fusarium species that were isolated from infected tomato plants from different regions in Iraq by using molecular and morphological methods and to study the evolutionary relationship between the studied species, as twenty Fusarium isolates were obtained from infected tomato plants. Genomic DNA was amplified, using primers ITS1 and ITS4 to amplify ITS region, as there were differences between the results of the morphological diagnosis, which were based on the study of morphological features, and the molecular diagnosis which was based on the ITS region.  Depending on the morphological features, F7 and F8 isolates were diagnosed as F. oxysporum, while the molecular diagnosis of the ITS regions showed that they were F.incarnatum and F.proliferatum respectively. For the rest of the isolates, the morphological and molecular diagnoses were consistent with Fusarium oxysporum. All isolates were recorded in the Gen Bank, and were given their accession numbers. An evolutionary tree was also made for the studied isolates to know the degree of genetic convergence and divergence between them. The current study concluded that the tomato plants in the field and greenhouse from different regions in Iraq were infected with different Fusarium species, with Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici, being the most common species, was widely spreading among the identified isolates. Conventional methods based on morphological features take time and may result in incorrect identification of closely related species. Henceforth, Fusarium species may be correctly identified by using molecular methods based on ITS sequences.
Systematic review of omalizumab for refractory clonal and non-clonal mast cell activation syndrome
Authors: Matheny Meghan V. , Craig Timothy , Al-Shaikhly Taha
Published: December 2024

Background: Patients with mast cell activation syndrome (MCAS) can be refractory to standard antimediator therapy. Alternative treatment options to reduce disease burden and improve quality of life are needed. Objective: To compile the evidence that supports
the use of omalizumab for patients with refractory MCAS. Methods: Through a systematic review of the PubMed database, we compiled and analyzed the characteristics of patients with refractory MCAS, unresponsive to histamine 1 receptor antihistamines plus another antimediator
agent (refractory MCAS), and who were treated with omalizumab. We categorized the clinical response to omalizumab as no, partial, or complete response. Results: We identified nine studies that described a total of 28 patients (median age, 48 years; males, 54%) with refractory
MCAS. Twenty-one patients (75%) had nonclonal MCAS, and seven patients (25%) had clonal MCAS. The omalizumab dose ranged from 150 mg every 4 weeks to 300 mg every 3 weeks, with the most common dose being 150 mg every 2 weeks. Most patients had a partial response (61%), and five patients achieved
a complete response. Omalizumab was successful in ameliorating anaphylaxis and allowed for discontinuation of systemic glucocorticoids in two of three patients. The response pattern was not influenced by sex or mast cell clonality, but a complete response was reported more commonly among receivers
of a higher omalizumab dose (≥300 mg/month). No major adverse events were reported. Conclusion: The majority of patients with refractory MCAS reported in the literature had a reduction in mast cell mediator‐related symptoms with the addition of omalizumab.
Efficacy of parenteral bronchodilators on ventilatory outcomes in pediatric critical asthma: a national cohort study
Authors: Gabbay Jonathan M. , Fishman Michael D. , Bajaj Benjamin V.M. , Guenther Cara S. , Graham Robert J. , Perez Jennifer M.
Published: December 2024

Objective: To evaluate the association of parenteral epinephrine and terbutaline use on ventilatory support in children admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) with critical asthma in the United States. Methods: Data were obtained from the Pediatric
Health Information System data base for children ages 2 to 18 years admitted to the ICU with a diagnosis of asthma exacerbation from January 1, 2016, to December 31, 2023. The primary outcomes included noninvasive ventilation (NIV) and/or invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) use after receipt
of terbutaline and/or epinephrine. Secondary outcomes included serious adverse events from parenteral bronchodilators, including arrhythmias and elevated troponins. Results: Our study population included 53,328 patient encounters. Terbutaline and epinephrine were associated
with decreased odds of subsequent NIV (terbutaline: odds ratio [OR] 0.52 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 0.44‐0.63], p < 0.001; and epinephrine: OR 0.49 [95% CI, 0.43‐0.55], p  < 0.001) and subsequent IMV (terbutaline: OR 0.51 [95% CI, 0.42‐0.61], p < 0.001;
and epinephrine: OR 0.34 [95% CI, 0.29‐0.41], p < 0.001). There were no differences in adverse events in the terbutaline group when compared with the epinephrine group for both arrhythmia and elevated troponins (arrhythmia: terbutaline = 1.9%, epinephrine = 1.7%; p = 0.6;
and elevated troponins: terbutaline = 0.1%, epinephrine = 0.1%, p  > 0.9). Conclusion: Parenteral bronchodilator use was associated with decreased odds of receiving subsequent ventilatory support in critical asthma. There were low rates of arrhythmia and
elevated troponin overall. Our findings should inform future clinical trials to evaluate the use of parenteral bronchodilators in critical asthma in the United States.
Development & Formulation of Taxifolin Loaded Niosomes for its Anticancer Effect on MCF-7 Breast Cancer
Authors: J Jawale , V Kashikar , S Dhole , S Devne
Published: December 2024

In order to increase Taxifolin's solubility and bioavailability, this study set out to create and assess niosomes of Taxifolin powder by the thin film hydration approach. A nonionic surfactant called span 60 and a membrane stabiliser called cholesterol were utilised. Particle size distribution, zeta potential, and light scattering analysis were all examined. Niosomes demonstrated a mean particle size between 106.5± 7.42 nm and 115.8 ±11.61 nm, with particle size increasing as the surfactant and cholesterol molar ratios were raised. The percentage yield was found to be in range 44 ± 0.235% to 81 ± 0.216%. The optimized batch (FC6) had zeta potential of -27.7 ± 2.37 mV and 92.78 ± 3.14 %entrapment efficiency. Taxifolin loaded niosomes demonstrated sustained release of Taxifolin.The anticancer potential of compound was evaluated using an in vitro cytotoxicity assay on MCF-7 cell lines. Finally, associated to free Taxifolin, cytotoxic impact of Taxifolin loaded niosomes on MCF-7 cell line was found to be substantially improved by the MTT assay. Result demonstrated that solubility and bioavailability of naturally derived Taxifolin phytochemicals can be increase by loading it into niosomes, thus enhance their anticancer efficacy.
Cardioprotective Activity of Nyctanthes arbor-tristis Linn Extract Loaded Nanoparticles
Authors: M Ranjitha , VLA Babu , K Shwetha
Published: December 2024

The study targets to develop and evaluate nanoparticles loaded with Nyctanthes arbor-tristis Linn stem extracts for its cardioprotective activity. The Nyctanthes-arbor-tristis Linn stem was extracted by continuous hot percolation method using the soxhlet apparatus and subjected to phytochemical evaluation. Nanoparticles was developed by precipitation technique with zinc nitrate and sodium hydroxide and characterized by laser light transmission test, scanning electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering. The safety profile was performed as per OECD 423 guidelines. The cardioprotective activity of novel nano-formulation has been investigated by in-vivo doxorubicin induced cardiotoxicity in rats. The percentage yield of Nyctanthes-arbor-tristis Linn stem extract was found to be 6.2% w/w and revealed the presence of various primary and secondary metabolites. The particle size of nanoparticles was in the range of 58.59 - 79.58nm with zeta potential value -37.38 and In-vitro drug release was 99.14%. Acute toxicity study didn’t show any toxicity and mortality. Hence 200mg/kg and 400mg/kg where selected for further studies. Nano formulation showed significant reduction in the cardiac biomarkers in the doxorubicin induced cardiotoxicity. ECG showed normal cardiac rhythm and histopathological study shown a normal architecture of the cardiac tissue in nanoparticle loaded Nyctanthes arbor tristis Linn extract treated animals. Based on the results obtained, the nanoparticle loaded Nyctanthes arbor tristis Linn stem extract found to have significant cardioprotective activity.
Design, Fabrication and Evaluation of Vildagliptin Loaded Crosslinked Sodium Alginate and Guar Gum Microspheres
Authors: S Das , S Das , D Roy , A Dutta , R Halder , A Sadhukhan
Published: December 2024

Vildagliptin is an Anti-hyperglycemic drug. This study was based on fabrication and evaluation of Vildagliptin loaded microspheres by ionotropic gelation method. Overall six batches of microspheres with sodium alginate and guar gum microspheres had been composed and evaluated for particle size measurement with digital microscope, percentage yield, swelling index, determination of drug entrapment, scanning electron microscopic image, In Vitro release study of drug and release kinetics. Novelty of this study is use of different concentrations of counter ion solution and comparing improvement in drug diffusion. Evaluation studies showed that particle sizes of microspheres ranged within 0.7 to 1.1 mm, as well as scanning electron microscopy also showed good reports. Highest percentage yield was achieved for F1 that was 88.17 %. Swelling indexes were promising for all batches but the highest value noticed for F2. Drug entrapment efficiency results showed a way up value for F5. Drug release kinetic results for all six formulations indicated notable responses for Korsmeyer Peppas and Higuchi Model rather than other models. F1 gave the most mesmerizing report for Korsmeyer Peppas and Higuchi Model with diffusion controlled mechanism.
Fabrication and Characterization of Zinc Nanoparticles of Cryptostegia grandiflora
Authors: A Inamdar , RS Jadhav , SK Mohite , AB Kadam , R Gavali
Published: December 2024

The goal of this work was to use plant extract from Cryptostegia grandiflora to examine the green production of zinc nanoparticles and their pharmacological evaluation. Green synthesis and other techniques are more advantageous than chemical and physical procedures because they produce nanoparticles in an environmentally responsible and economically viable manner.
Method: An ethanolic extract of Cryptostegia grandiflora was obtained through the use of Soxhlet extraction. Additionally, an ethanolic extract of Cryptostegia grandiflora is made using a microwave-assisted process. After mixing plant extract (Cryptostegia grandiflora) with zinc acetate and letting it sit for a while, UV-visible spectroscopy was employed to examine the development of nanoparticles. Nanoparticles were characterized using FTIR and SEM.The nanoparticles had a haphazard, round, and rectangular shape. FTIR studies revealed that phytoconstituents are used to make zinc nanoparticles. Synthesized zinc nanoparticles characterize.
Conclusion: Zinc nanoparticles made using green synthesis were demonstrated to have enhanced pharmacological characteristics. It could be applied as a preventative measure against bacteria.
Formulation, Development, Characterization & In-vivo Anti-diabetic Evaluation of Hesperidin Phytosome
Authors: S Borkar , Goyal Swapnil
Published: December 2024

The aim of the present investigation is to develop formulation, characterization & In-vivo Anti-diabetic Evaluation of Hesperidin Phytosome. The formulation was prepared using Lecithin 45 mg and cholesterol 15 mg, precisely weighed, were dissolved in 10 ml of chloroform in a round-bottom flask (RBF) and subjected to a 10-minute bath sonication. Organic solvents are removed using a rotary evaporator set to 45–50 degrees Celsius. A thin layer of phospholipid mixture formed after the solvent was completely removed. Hesperidine rotary evaporator was used to hydrate this film for one hour at 37–40°C. Transmission electron microscopy was used to examine the morphology of Phytosomes. After being applied to 400 mesh carbon-coated copper grids, the phytosome dispersions were negatively stained using 1% w/v phosphotungstic acid. The Malvern mastersizer S laser diffraction size analyzer (Malvern Instruments Ltd., UK) was used to examine the phytosomes' size distribution. Using the methodology previously described in the literature, the in vivo anti-diabetic activity was assessed. Wistar rats weighing 150–200 g were purchased and kept in the Animal House Facility with 12-hour cycles of light and dark. The diagnostic kit (ERBA Diagnostic Mannheim, Germany) in Autoanalyser was used to estimate the biochemical parameters. The F1 and F2 batches were chosen as the optimal formulation and subsequently assessed further based on morphology (digital photos and TEM), particle size, and encapsulation efficiency. Vesicles with sizes ranging from 100 nm to 500 nm were seen under a scanning electron microscope. The F1 and F2 phytosomes had an average size of 109.71 and 133.24 nm, respectively. There was less peripheral widening between the islets and acinar cells (exocrine tissue) in some areas; both cells now appear close to one another, indicating a return to normal. In summary, a formulation based on Phytosomes may be a useful strategy to increase therapeutic efficacy, lower dosage, and enhance dosage regimen. For their anti-diabetic properties to be claimed, more research involving human subjects must be confirmed.