bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Eisenstein series on covers of odd orthogonal groups
Authors: Friedberg Solomon , Zhang Lei
Published: July 2015

We study the Whittaker coefficients of the minimal parabolic Eisenstein series on the $n$-fold cover of the split odd
orthogonal group ${\rm SO}_{2r+1}$. If the degree of the cover is odd, then Beineke, Brubaker and Frechette have conjectured
that the $p$-power contributions to the Whittaker coefficients may be computed using the theory of crystal graphs
of type C, by attaching to each path component a Gauss sum or a degenerate Gauss sum depending on the fine structure
of the path. We establish their conjecture using a combination of automorphic and combinatorial-representation-theoretic
methods. Surprisingly, we must make use of the type A theory, and the two different crystal graph descriptions of Brubaker,
Bump and Friedberg available for type A based on different factorizations of the long element into simple reflections. We
also establish a formula for the Whittaker coefficients in the even degree cover case, again based on crystal graphs of
type C. As a further consequence, we establish a Lie-theoretic description of the coefficients for $n$ sufficiently large,
thereby confirming a conjecture of Brubaker, Bump and Friedberg.
The Sword and the Scepter: Mordred, Arthur, and the Dual Roles of Kingship in the Alliterative Morte Arthure
Authors: Bruso Steven P.W.
Published: July 2015

The poet of the Alliterative Morte Arthure complicates the traditional depiction of Mordred-as-traitor in order to show how both Mordred and Arthur struggle to negotiate the dual roles of kings publicly emblematized on coins, seals, and regalia—king-as-warrior and king-as-governor.
The Once and Future Childslayer: Guy Gavriel Kay’s Inversion of Malory’s Morte Darthur
Authors: Cawsey Kathy
Published: July 2015

Guy Gavriel Kay’s Fionavar Tapestry interprets Arthur’s return not as a reward or honor, but as a punishment for killing the children on Mayday. This reinterpretation links the ‘Mayday’ incident with the famous ‘May passages’ and provides a rewriting of the Morte Darthur ’s stance on prophecy, predestination, and free will.
Arthur’s Return from Avalon: Geoffrey of Monmouth and the Development of the Legend
Authors: Flood Victoria
Published: July 2015

This article traces the development of the legend of Arthur’s return from Avalon from Geoffrey of Monmouth’s inception of the motif to its early reception history, exploring its relationship to Welsh and Breton prophetic traditions and the impact of Avalon on subsequent English and French understandings of a constructed genre of pan-British political prophecy.
Thomas Chestre’s Sir Launfal and the Knight in Need
Authors: Stewart James T.
Published: July 2015

This article positions Thomas Chestre’s Sir Launfal alongside chivalric manuals and histories of nobility in order to highlight the ways in which a knight’s attendants and companions support his heroism and social status.
‘Gyff me goodly langage, and than my care is paste’: Reproach and Recognition in Malory’s Tale of Sir Gareth
Authors: Wyatt Siobhán Mary
Published: July 2015

Damsels who chide in medieval romances reflect the nature of women who scold identified in court records. Malory is unique amongst romance writers in justifying their behavior, and he lends value to their words by illustrating how ill-speaking women can be beneficial to knightly careers.
Questing the Grail, Questioning Religion: Religion in Modern Grail Narratives
Authors: Amey Michael Darin
Published: July 2015

This essay examines how the Grail legend has been re-appropriated by modern storytellers to create competing discourses about religion, spirituality, and doctrine. In particular, this essay explores the role of modern and post-modern Grail narratives in either affirming or challenging specific modes of spirituality.
‘You Could Shame the Great Arthur Himself’: A Queer Reading of Lancelot from BBC’s Merlin with Respect to the Character in Malory, White, and Bradley
Authors: Brennan Joseph
Published: July 2015

A queer reading of the Lancelot character as he appears in BBC television series Merlin (2008–12) and the works of Malory, White, and Bradley, situates the cult series in the long heritage of Arthurian adaptation and reveals a secretive and troubled figure with a personal connection to his adaptors.
An Assessment of Advertisements for Controversial Products in Lebanon: The Influence of Gender
Authors: Farah Maya F. , Samad Lamis El
Published: July 2015

Gender plays a significant role in the way consumers behave; it also considerably affects the way they perceive and evaluate advertisements for controversial products. This paper examines the way that male and female Lebanese consumers perceive the advertisements for each of the following controversial product groups: (a) sex and gender products, (b) social and political products, (c) addictive products, and lastly, (d) health- and care-related products. Data was collected through a phone survey administered to a random stratified sample drawn from the Lebanese population based on geographical conglomerates. The survey involved 527 Lebanese consumers, with a fair representation of gender, education levels, and age groups. A principal component analysis allowed the grouping of 17 controversial products into four groups. Statistical results show that gender plays a major role in shaping customers’ perception of advertisements for controversial products, with female respondents showing significantly greater levels of offense with regards to the advertising for sex- and gender-related products, social and political products, and addictive products when compared to their male counterparts. Results also indicate that both male and female customers find the advertising of health- and care-related products not to be offensive. The findings of this study provide advertisers with a deeper understanding of the influence of a customer’s gender on the perception of controversial products and their advertisements, hence facilitating the adequate choice of advertising messages and strategies.
Remembering A Baghdad Elsewhere: An Emotional Cartography
Authors: Shohat Ella
Published: July 2015

By juxtaposing often quarantined geographies and histories, and interweaving disparate narratives, the author illuminates an emotional cartography of dislocation, as a disjointed map of her own journey and familial odyssey from Iraq to Israel/Palestine to the US outlines the making of a hyphenated identity, and the pain and pleasure of hybridity within cross-generational crossings of enemy zones.
Literary Biography as a Critical Form
Authors: Holden Philip
Published: July 2015

The recent proliferation of formally innovative literary biographies suggests that the genre has an important critical function. Literary biographies are more than simply an ancillary genre; rather, they ask questions regarding the manner in which readers relate to the implied authors of the literary texts they encounter, and their use of this relationship in their own projects of individualization in modern society.
Antjie Krog and the Autobiography of Postcolonial Becoming
Authors: Rodrigues Elizabeth
Published: July 2015

Antjie Krog’s Country of My Skull (1998), A Change of Tongue (2003), and Begging to Black (2009) attempt to transform a postcolonial white beneficiary subject through the construction of an “I” that revises rather than reprises the sovereign agency usually associated with Western subjectivity. This iterational form of postcolonial autobiography moves from anti-colonial longing to postcolonial becoming as it rewrites developmental narrative form.
“A Place None of Us Know Until We Reach It”: Mapping Grief and Memory in Joan Didion’s The Year of Magical Thinking
Authors: Bladek Marta
Published: July 2015

Given its by now canonical status as the exemplary grief memoir, I read The Year of Magical Thinking as a narrative that illuminates the spatiality of mourning, or the ways in which the newly bereaved experience specific locations over time. Two currently important theoretical strands within bereavement studies—the spatial turn and memory/memorialization—inform my analysis. I argue that Didion’s evolving experience of the vortex effect, as she refers to a place’s ability to set forward a series of memorial associations, as well as her reliance on spatial imagery to convey the sense of loss, shows that grief does not only unfold over time but also across space.
Constructing National Heroes: Postcolonial Philippine and Cuban Biographies of José Rizal and José Martí
Authors: Valenzuela Maria Theresa
Published: July 2015

Biographies of the national heroes José Rizal and José Martí provide a useful model for evaluating shifting interests in the project of nationalism in the Philippines and Cuba respectively. Through a postcolonial evaluation of selected biographies of Rizal and Martí, this article examines the constructedness of the designation “national hero.”
Relational Maneuvers in Autobiographical Video Art
Authors: Smith Matthew Ryan
Published: July 2015

This paper argues that autobiographical video art radically transforms intersubjective relationships with viewers, and in doing so deconstructs critical spectatorship by positioning the viewer as an interlocutor. Here I draw attention to the work of visual artists Lisa Steele, Colin Campbell, Peter Kingstone, and Irene Loughlin, who help to reconceptualize the interlocutor subject position by using unorthodox transmedial aesthetic strategies.
Witnessing Others in Narrative Collaboration: Ethical Responsibility beyond Recognition
Authors: Stumm Bettina
Published: July 2015

This article examines the ethical responsibilities of relating and responding to subjects of oppression in the context of collaborative life writing. One well-established ethical response to oppression is the practice of recognition. Drawing on the phenomenological ethics of Emmanuel Levinas and Paul Ricoeur, as well as the related work of Kelly Oliver, I raise some of the limitations of recognition, and delineate the ethical alternative of witnessing, bringing both to bear on my collaborative work with Holocaust survivor Rhodea Shandler.
The (De)Evolution of a Genre: Pain Memoirs and Sequential Reading as an Ethical Practice
Authors: Rasmussen Lucinda
Published: July 2015

This article traces how postfeminism, an ideology that celebrates consumerism and disavows feminism, has influenced the evolution of the breast cancer memoir. Paratexts surrounding three twenty-first century breast cancer memoirs are discussed to show how retailers and corporate cause marketers have in some instances impeded the delivery of feminist messages in some of these works.
The Guantánamo Lawyers: Life Writing for the “Courts of Public Opinion”
Authors: Tomsky Terri
Published: July 2015

This article explores the strategic deployment of the life narrative genre by the lawyers of designated enemy combatants as part of the human rights activism against the unlawful detainment of prisoners at the US military prison in Guantánamo.
Between Selves: An Intertextual Approach to Jamaica Kincaid’s Among Flowers
Authors: Chansky Ricia Anne
Published: July 2015

Jamaica Kincaid’s second travel narrative, Among Flowers: A Walk in the Himalaya , remains an underexplored text due to the conflicted, diasporic subjectivity that readers encounter within the book. This essay argues for a reading strategy that positions Among Flowers in conversation with A Small Place to reveal a more nuanced understanding of Kincaid’s diasporic status.
The Diary and the Commonplace Book: Self-Inscription in The Note Books of a Woman Alone
Authors: Ophir Ella
Published: July 2015

The Note Books of a Woman Alone (1935), the posthumously published notebooks of an impoverished London clerk, provokes reconsideration of what counts as an individual voice. More than half the text is comprised of quotations and extracts; Evelyn Wilson’s textual collecting, however, was deeply enmeshed with her diary writing. Blurring transcription and expression, her practice of self-inscription lays bare the intersubjective nature of self-definition and the composite nature of any textual voice.
“Contiguous But Widely Separated” Selves: Im/Migrant Life Narrative as Data-Driven Form
Authors: Rodrigues Elizabeth
Published: July 2015

This essay proposes that an epistemological commitment to data collection creates a distinct aesthetic in life narratives, and argues that an abundance of data creates a sense of multiple, co-present identities within a given subject. Focusing on The Life Stories of Undistinguished Americans , a collection of “lifelets” edited by Hamilton Holt (1906), Gertrude Stein’s Three Lives (1909), and The Soul of an Immigrant (1921), the autobiography of Constantine Panunzio, Rodrigues shows how the identities that these subjects iterate are in flux, and thus the subjects are constantly in transit among their identities.
Self-Branding, Hotness, and Girlhood in the Video Blogs of Jenna Marbles
Authors: Maguire Emma
Published: July 2015

This essay explores the significance of online celebrity and self-branding through the case study of popular YouTube video blogger Jenna Marbles. I ask how the forces of commoditized web spaces shape self-representation, and explore how Marbles negotiates the demand for feminine “hotness” in this competitive, networked media landscape. Central to this essay is how girls use self-mediation to negotiate a system that insists on consuming them as objects, while maintaining their autonomy as subjects.
Fictional Transits and Ruth Ozeki’s A Tale for the Time Being
Authors: Davis Rocío G.
Published: July 2015

Focusing on Ruth Ozeki’s A Tale for the Time Being , this essay engages the transits between the fictional and the autobiographical by deploying notions from narratology, including a proposal regarding the difference between “fiction” and “the fictive,” reflections on metatextual performance, and the idea of the implied author.
Introduction: Auto/Biography in Transit
Authors: Breiter Jason , Netzer Orly Lael , Rak Julie , Rasmussen Lucinda
Published: July 2015

The essays in this special issue engage with a range of issues relating to Auto/Biography in Transit, the title of the 2014 International Auto/Biography Association (IABA) conference held in Banff, from which the issue emerged. The essays have been divided into two areas of inquiry: Documents and Displacements. Those in the first section address the status of the document as a technology of the self, or think about how cultural producers document their lives. Essays in the second section explore critical approaches and texts that signify how both the study of life writing and its objects of inquiry are themselves in transit, and have the potential to change our ideas about the field itself.
Covering Pain: Pain Memoirs and Sequential Reading as an Ethical Practice
Authors: Gilmore Leigh
Published: July 2015

Book design—including the elements of cover image and author photo—offer conceptual matter from which meanings of authorship and identity emerge. In the case of memoirs about chronic pain, these peritexts also employ a complicated visual iconography of disability that may rely on assumptions about agency and ability that pain memoirs themselves challenge within their covers. This essay explores how readers might bear witness to chronic pain memoirs by leveraging insights gained through the sequential reading of comics toward an ethical practice.
The Seeing Eye of Scientific Graphic Biography
Authors: Rifkind Candida
Published: July 2015

This article examines two graphic biographies about Robert Oppenheimer that use visual strategies to overcome some of the narrative problems of prose scientific biography. I argue that we consider scientific graphic biography as a specific genre that installs a biographical eye (as opposed to the auto/biographical I) to explore the complex relationship between empirical knowledge and affective experience that shapes lives caught between science and politics.
Transatlantic, and: Hijra
Authors: Alyan Hala
Published: July 2015

A contemporary take on the aubade. The lovers of this poem are separated not only by an ocean, but by cultural differences. A contemporary poem written in couplets with themes on Islam and transgender issues.
[Untitled Day], and: Composition: Fringe Lichen: Tilde & Mãe
Authors: Hillman Brenda
Published: July 2015

Unusual punctuation, excessive spacing, various indentations, and symbols to impart a sense of truncation to this dream-like poem. The speaker of the poem experiences an involuntary memory. The shape of fringe lichen is reminiscent of a tilde, which sparks a memory of the speaker’s mother, the Portuguese word for mother being “mãe.”
Threnody with a Wren and a Skipping Rope, and: Sudden Stain
Authors: Reeves Roger
Published: July 2015

The image of a figure in a forest called Claudia who is jumping a rope turned by a wren foregrounds a meditation on immortality, mortality, and death. Seemingly disparate images are placed side-by-side to blur the lines between binaries such as innocence and guilt and violence and non-violence.
Flesh and Fingernail
Authors: Estol Victoria
Published: July 2015

A contemporary Uruguayan poem translated from the Spanish by Seth Michelson.
Blue Coming: After Bob Holman’s “What You Can’t Understand Is Poetry Is Connected to the Body Again”
Authors: Moss Thylias
Published: July 2015

A contemporary poem written in response to Bob Holman’s poem “What You Can’t Understand Is Poetry Is Connected to the Body Again.”
The Box, and: Check the Number on My Collar
Authors: Anderton Lucy
Published: July 2015

A poetic meditation on mortality. A poem in six sections. Connected associatively, each section elliptically describes a wounded figure.
What Does It Do to One’s Ipseity to Say, in the First Person, I Am Dying? , and: Will My Word Grow into a Tree While I Water It Every Day with Silence?
Authors: Hix H. L.
Published: July 2015

This intertextual poem has a quotation for its title which the poem intends to be an answer of sorts. This intertextual poem has a quotation for its title which the poem intends to be an answer of sorts.
Thrush
Authors: Rohn Freya
Published: July 2015

An unidentified speaker finds a dead songbird and buries it. The incident sparks a meditation on mortality and ritual.
Reunion
Authors: Etchevarren Javier
Published: July 2015

A contemporary Uruguayan poem translated from the Spanish by Jesse Lee Kercheval.
I Want You to See Me and Convulse. Whatever You Were
Authors: Pafunda Danielle
Published: July 2015

A contemporary poem dealing with love come and gone, written by Wyoming poet Danielle Pafunda.
If the Vulture Chooses You, and: Leap Years
Authors: Ansel Talvikki
Published: July 2015

A contemporary poem negotiating the clash between the human and animal, between the natural and the man-made. A contemporary poem that casts the speaker and reader back and forward into time.
Snow Angels, and: The Pine Barrens: A Sermon
Authors: Hoch James
Published: July 2015

A contemporary poem that addresses love and loneliness from the perspective of two freshly made snow angels, and a personification of love. An unidentified speaker addresses the friends of his youth, denouncing nostalgia, and calling on them to remember clearly the promises they had made with one another, despite the bad choices the made at the time.
Breakwaters
Authors: Sewall Laurie
Published: July 2015

An unidentified female figure is described as being many different kinds of marine life.
Words Like Knives
Authors: Gallo Paola
Published: July 2015

A contemporary Uruguayan poem translated from the Spanish by Adam Gianelli
*, and: *
Authors: Perchik Simon
Published: July 2015

Written in second person, this poem addresses a “you,” challenging “you” to the value of the natural world that we live in. This poem, written in tercets, struggles with the senselessness of tragedy, in this case a plane crash.
Incoming
Authors: Asche Kate
Published: July 2015

A poet’s encounter with the sound of a helicopter reveals an unsettling relationship between what is directly experienced and what is implied beyond direct experience.
From River House , and: From River House
Authors: Keith Sally
Published: July 2015

A contemporary poem by Sally Keith, excerpted from her recent book of poems River House . Keith navigates the aftershock of her mother’s death. A contemporary poem by Sally Keith, excerpted from her recent book of poems River House . Keith navigates the aftershock of her mother’s death.
Invocation with Textile Mill Workers, Grandmothers, Fates, Quarreling Inner Voices, and Others, and: Survey of Worker Engagement
Authors: Street Laura-Gray
Published: July 2015

A poetic description of yarn production that notes the etymological connection between weaving. writing, and the Fates from Greek mythology. This pantoum uses its refrains to mimic the content of the poem: the refrains “weave” through one another as the poem describes the dangerous working conditions in a cotton mill. Written in first person plural, a worker is pulled into the machinery and killed.
From “John Henry Split My Heart”
Authors: Grace Andrew
Published: July 2015

A poetic reimagining of the African-American folk hero, John Henry.
The Letician Age
Authors: Ferreras Yalitza
Published: July 2015

Leticia, the title character of this short story, is driven by a lifelong fascination with the wonders of geology, leading to both her success and peril.
From “Understory”
Authors: Perez Craig Santos
Published: July 2015

The speakers of this poem, “[we],” struggle with the pain they must inflict on their child for the sake of immunizing them against communicable disease.
Postcard, and: Postcard
Authors: Biele Joelle
Published: July 2015

An ekphrastic poem of a postcard depicting Council Bluffs, Iowa. The poet uses the image as a jumping off point to describe a subjective experience which is then put in perspective of shared experience. A contemporary poem in couplets negotiating the intersection of body and landscape, and the body as landscape. In “Postcard,” there is a subtle yet palpable violence that lies under the surface of the images.
#29linesonblacknessforwhitepoetsandpoliceman
Authors: Kocher Ruth Ellen
Published: July 2015

This contemporary poem by Ruth Ellen Kocher deals with race relations in America, the past, the present, and the past as still present.
Ode to Your First Cry: For Opeyemi
Authors: Aderibigbe D. M.
Published: July 2015

A contemporary poem in which the speaker remembers a sibling’s birth in Nigeria.
Songs in Late Summer
Authors: Taylor Tess
Published: July 2015

This poem juxtaposes images in two sections to impart a feeling of self-reflection in the face of “war and apocalypse.”
The Night We Met
Authors: Harrison Bradley
Published: July 2015

An apostrophic poem in which an unidentified speaker recounts the night that he or she and a now absent lover met. Surreal images obfuscate the actual events, if there were any at all.
Hospice
Authors: Platt Donald
Published: July 2015

A speaker struggles to deal with his mother’s illness and impending passing. This contrasts with what is seen outside—tropes of spring.
Seven Keys: From A Teus Pés
Authors: César Ana Cristina
Published: July 2015

A poem by Ana Cristina Cesar translated from the Portuguese by Brenda Hillman and Helen Hillman.
Inscription on a Page Torn from the County Register
Authors: Kreitler Brandon
Published: July 2015

Is this poem actually from an inscription on a page torn from the county register? In this poem, Kreitler agitates our expectations of what a document is and can be.
Foam Party, and: Orange Alert
Authors: Ali Kazim
Published: July 2015

A contemporary poem written in couplets by Kazim Ali. A contemporary poem from the perspective of a person of color moving through airport security.
Col-, and: Com-
Authors: Tomash Barbara
Published: July 2015

This poem is a list of phrases, each of which is determined by an unwritten word that begins with the prefix “col-.” This poem is a list of phrases, each of which is determined by an unwritten word that begins with the prefix “com-.”
Bounty
Authors: Haven Chris
Published: July 2015

In this poem, an unidentified speaker encounters waste. First at a catered event, where much food is left over; then in blooming magnolia trees, for which there are “never enough baskets” for the wilting flowers.
The Students Celebrate a Basketball Championship
Authors: Pontacoloni Michael
Published: July 2015

In this poem, a group of college students burn a couch in celebration. The tone suggests a critique.
Ramble #11, and: Ramble #28
Authors: Crux Lauren
Published: July 2015

A poem written as a letter. The poet addresses her friend, Judy, asking her whether she prefers the Super Bowl or a poem. The poet confesses that she likes both, but for different reasons. A poem written as a letter. The poet addresses her friend, Camille, at the beginning of fall. The poet describes a rain, which is much needed, because of a drought.
La Biennale: After Ruth Ellen Kocher
Authors: Lawson Shayla
Published: July 2015

Shayla Lawson’s poem, after Ruth Ellen Kocher, follows and weaves together the threads of art, women, and power.
Teacher-Community Unionism: A Lesson From St. Paul
Authors: Ricker Mary Cathryn
Published: July 2015

When I was elected president of the St. Paul Federation of Teachers (SPFT) in 2005, I thought my own story might help transform the relationship between teachers and administrators as well as improve the image of teachers in the community. Students in urban public schools deserve teachers who are both creative and optimistic. Additionally, spending many years of your career teaching in an urban setting can stimulate good ideas about how to improve that work.
Why Labor Moved Left
Authors: Lichtenstein Nelson
Published: July 2015

As American unions have come under unrelenting assault, the left is “enjoying” a historic victory, but one most labor partisans would rather do without. If one considers the political landscape in the United States over the last half century, then American unions have moved—or been moved—to the left margin of mainstream thinking and action. They have gotten there primarily because of the shifting political and economic landscape on which they stand; for the most part, their leftism represents no conscious insurgency. Organized labor has become, instead, the domain of reluctant radicals.
Surreality TV
Authors: Gessen Keith
Published: July 2015

Peter Pomerantsev’s new book, Nothing Is True and Everything Is Possible: The Surreal Heart of the New Russia , describes his nearly decade-long tenure as a producer for Russian television. Pomerantsev also describes in detail some of the stories he covered as a producer. He comes to some strong conclusions about what television is doing to Russia (and, perhaps, what ought to be done in response).
Tell It To Polaris
Authors: Cohen Joshua
Published: July 2015

Sari’s parents, Imre and Ilona Le Vay, were Hungarians to the Americans, but Jews to the Hungarians. Above all, though, they were Budapesters, geographically and culturally marooned between Joseph’s [Abs’s father’s] ghetto origins and Eve’s [Abs’s mother’s] haughty ancestry in Cologne.
The Next Civil Rights Movement?
Authors: Harris Fredrick C.
Published: July 2015

Though the 1960s movement addressed the civil and political rights that were denied to black people—access and use of public accommodations, the right to vote, and ensuring fair employment and housing opportunities—it did not directly confront the racialized degradation black people endured, and many continue to endure, at the hands of the police. What the Black Lives Matter protests have done, however, is not only put police reform on the policy agenda but demanded that American society reconsider how it values black lives.
Where’s the Outrage?
Authors: Yeselson Rich
Published: July 2015

As the United States careened in 2008 into its deepest economic ditch since the Great Depression, many thinkers on the left thought that, just maybe, a new social justice movement might emerge—one that would demand jobs from both government and corporations, call for a halt to home foreclosures by investment banks, and support unions for those who were still working. As Steve Fraser reminds us in his important new book The Age of Acquiescence , the country had seen this before.
Citizen Politics
Authors: Marcus David
Published: July 2015

Politics has long been a contested idea. Ever since Plato and Aristotle, we’ve struggled to give the term a stable meaning. Monarchs insisted it was synonymous with their divine right to rule, and revolutionaries with rebellions against this right. Liberals have long associated it with the domain of the interests, and radicals and conservatives with the realm of the passions. Elected representatives will always be the main agents of change in a liberal democracy, and getting out the vote one of the main ways in which we can effect this change. But it is the work of a mobilized citizenry, of those men and women out of office, that can help us publicize complaints, build new constituencies, even run in the opposition.
Two Occupys: The New Global Language of Protest
Authors: Perlin Ross
Published: July 2015

Occupy Wall Street's tiny Zuccotti Park inspired a global archipelago of Occupy offshoots (including a small but long-lived encampment in Hong Kong), but Turkey’s Occupy Gezi and Hong Kong’s more recent Occupy movement mark an inflection point. Sustained, fiercely local mass movements are tapping into and extending a new global language of protest. Both in Turkey and in China, fearmongers and propagandists blamed malicious foreign influences for the protests, but the reality is less sinister and more significant. Occupy is serving as an open-source template for dissent, a transparent and adaptable playbook for organizing global movements with diverse aims and values. By turns autonomous and hyperconnected, the template is an uncanny fit for our precarious, plugged-in life.
From Zuccotti Park to Żurawlów: The Global Revolt Against Fracking
Authors: Kinniburgh Colin
Published: July 2015

Big greens—including the leadership of the best-funded environmental group in the country, the Environmental Defense Fund, and the billionaires who back them, like Michael Bloomberg—have voiced similar arguments in favor of fracking. And according to an April 2015 Gallup poll, this line of reasoning has won over a full quarter of environmentalists. The idea that the anti-fracking movement is a distraction from, or is, worse yet, actively undermining the fight against global warming has remarkable traction even among greens. It’s time to lay it to rest.
Reorganizing Labor
Authors: Elrod Andrew
Published: July 2015

The National Labor Relations Act (NLRA) of 1935 was intended to end a fifty-year-long era of court-enforced union repression and the disruptive and often violent responses it provoked from both workers and management. Regulating industrial relations, the argument went—licensing unions and settling employment disputes with binding arbitration—would restrain the force of class conflict with the reason of corporatist responsibility. “The door of a court of equity,” wrote federal judge Robert Wagner in a 1921 case enjoining a business to abide by a union contract, “is open to employer and employee alike.”
The Fictions of Finance
Authors: Gajarawala Toral
Published: July 2015

What happens to culture in the age of finance capital? What happens to the fictions we create in an era when money—harnessed by a range of new, sophisticated, and increasingly abstruse financial instruments—begets money on a scale that Marx could scarcely have imagined? As the production of wealth is further and further removed from the production of things, billions of people’s lives are tied up in financial markets shrouded in a haze of mystery. It is no surprise, then, that culture in the age of finance capital is wrestling precisely with what we know but cannot always see.
Beyond the Petrostate: Ecuador’s Left Dilemma
Authors: Riofrancos Thea
Published: July 2015

For indigenous and environmental activists, the murder of organizer José Isidro Tendetza Antún is emblematic of the destruction wreaked by a model of development based on resource extraction. Large-scale mining is a pillar of leftist president Rafael Correa’s economic program. Moreover, the success of his program has depended in no small part on another natural resource: oil.
Women and Black Lives Matter
Authors: Chatelain Marcia , Asoka Kaavya
Published: July 2015

A growing number of Black Lives Matter activists have been refocusing attention on how police brutality impacts black women and others on the margins of today’s national conversation about race, such as poor, elderly, gay, and trans people. They are not only highlighting the impact of police violence on these communities, but articulating why a movement for racial justice must necessarily be inclusive. Say Her Name, for example, an initiative launched in May, documents and analyzes black women’s experiences of police violence and explains what we lose when we ignore them. We not only miss half the facts, we fundamentally fail to grasp how the laws, policies, and the culture that underpin gender inequalities are reinforced by America’s racial divide.
The Beautification Bureau
Authors: O’Regan Kirsten
Published: July 2015

In a country like Iran—whose population is relentlessly monitored for “sedition” or “indecency,” where women are barred from singing alone, and artists who appear too “Western” can be denied the right to perform, where certain topics are verboten and any creative works must first be vetted by the Ministry of Culture and Islamic Guidance—making art at all, even if it’s sponsored by the ruling regime, can be a political act. Whether they intend it or not, for Iranian artists, art and politics are inevitably intertwined, and exhibiting abroad is no guarantee of immunity.
Spain’s New Patriots
Authors: Bassets Marc
Published: July 2015

In Spain, patriotism is back in fashion. It’s neither the old National-Catholicism of Francisco Franco’s right-wing dictatorship nor the flag-waving rhetoric of the conservative Popular Party of the current Prime Minister, Mariano Rajoy. Spain’s new patriots are the leaders and voters of Podemos, the left populist party that is trying to shake the foundations of the nation’s political system.
Why is There No Antiwar Movement?
Authors: Kazin Michael
Published: July 2015

why, given the unpopularity of American involvement, is there not and has there never been a sizable movement to demand that the U.S. military withdraw from either nation? This absence is an extraordinary phenomenon: two of the longest wars in American history entirely lack the kind of organized, sustained opposition that emerged during nearly every other major armed conflict the United States has fought over the past two centuries.
The Climate Hackers
Authors: Riederer Rachel
Published: July 2015

Different forms of geoengineering have been proposed: spraying sulfates into the upper atmosphere to block a portion of sunlight, fertilizing the ocean with iron to spark carbon-gobbling algal blooms, or covering sea ice with bags of silicon beads to slow its melting. The idea is controversial, to say the least, but, as a new report shows, geoengineering is edging away from the margins and toward the center of discussions about climate change. The polarized debate surrounding geoengineering exemplifies the difficulties of talking about, much less solving, the problem of climate change, an issue where ethical, scientific, and political questions overlap, blend together, and sometimes obscure one another.
Hope and Scandal in Hungary
Authors: Case Holly
Published: July 2015

White God could be an allegory about Hungary—a proud creature, kicked around and abused, diminished and blamed, that eventually lashes out in fury. Or maybe it’s about how Hungary has treated some of its own since the second half of the nineteenth century—assimilating them, but forever suspecting them of betrayal; marginalizing them, persecuting them outright, or even killing them. And so, as in the film, the odd victim leaps up to tear out the jugular of a Hungarian guard in a single snap.
The Southern Strategy
Authors: Greene Robert
Published: July 2015

When intellectuals and pundits talk about race in America, the South takes on a dual role. At times, the South functions as an exceptional part of the nation, a region where white supremacy is the default mindset. It escapes redemption, and it cannot be reformed. This, at least, is the depressing view often espoused on liberal and left blogs, or coursing through the pages of otherwise “forward-thinking” magazines. However, at other moments, the South becomes a beacon of hope—Moral Mondays in North Carolina and the Fight for $15 campaign have inspired activists both within and beyond the South. If we can win here, liberals believe, we can win anywhere in the United States.
Introduction: How Movements Matter
Authors: Kazin Michael
Published: July 2015

One underappreciated paradox of a liberal presidency is that its shortcomings often inspire mass, creative action by critics on its left. During the mid-1930s, radicals led an industrial strike wave that compelled a reluctant Franklin D. Roosevelt to support the National Labor Relations Act. Three decades later, mass acts of nonviolent civil disobedience persuaded John Kennedy to propose a civil rights law he had feared, correctly, would drive white Southerners toward the Republican Party. In each case, movements from below put sustained pressure on powerful men to back up their talk with action.
Who Runs the Fed?
Authors: Canova Timothy A.
Published: July 2015

The 2008 financial crisis challenged many orthodox assumptions in finance and economics, including the proper role and accountability of central banks. The U.S. Federal Reserve, commonly known as the Fed, is the world’s most powerful central bank.
Tragic Pallor and Siddons
Authors: McPherson Heather
Published: July 2015

This essay considers the trope of pallor—both its traditional associations with melancholy, illness, and death and its evolving signification as an emblem of Tragedy and of artistic and aristocratic distinction more generally. Focusing on the convergence of pallor and Tragedy in visual and verbal representations of Sarah Siddons, it examines the multi-layered valences of “tragic pallor” within the broader economy of eighteenth-century performance culture. Tracing the physiological and cultural connotations of pallor from melancholy to the artificial whiteness of makeup, I argue that Siddons’s pallor functioned emblematically as a visual signifier of the emotional depth and authenticity of her acting and dramatic genius.
Dramatic Entertainments of a Mixt Kind: The Form of Mixture in Early English Pantomime
Authors: Owen Kate Novotny
Published: July 2015

This essay challenges past scholarship’s emphasis on a two-part structure for early English pantomime by using quantitative data to stress the diversity of pantomime’s form. One curious example, the “intermixed structure,” merges rather than alternates its serious and comic elements, combining the classical and commedia dell’arte traditions in one plot, or even one body. Satires of pantomime focus disproportionally on this form of mixture in their critique of the genre, particularly when discussing pantomime in performance. Ultimately, this antipathy to merging traditions in pantomime is part of a general disquiet among eighteenth-century critics about the blending of incompatible kinds in literature, and perhaps also in culture more broadly.
Introduction: Three Theses on Performance and History
Authors: Wilson Kathleen
Published: July 2015

How can performance studies sharpen our modes of historical analysis and writing? This essay proposes “three theses” that demonstrate the multifold ways in which attention to performance, theatrical and social, can highlight aspects of cultural, political, and festive life in the hybrid spaces of empire that that would otherwise be ignored. Performance, for historians and critics, functions in this sense as both optic and event: a methodological lens through which meanings can be conveyed as well as an act of cultural transfer, an embodied form of creating, preserving, or transmitting knowledge, memory, and history.
Up in the Air: Balloonomania and Scientific Performance
Authors: Robbins John
Published: July 2015

The advent of ballooning in 1783 set off a frenzied public reaction in England and France, generating both hope and fear among the populace. This article argues that Elizabeth Inchbald’s play The Mogul Tale serves to at once harness and contain the instability triggered by balloonomania, staging the new technology before its audience in order to palliate their fears. The article closes by arguing that the end of the eighteenth century saw the emergence of scientific discourse as a decidedly public concept and that plays such as Inchbald’s constituted an essential element of the construction of this movement.
Restaging the Forty-Seven Rōnin: Performance and Print in Late Eighteenth-Century Japan
Authors: Fleming William D.
Published: July 2015

Performance and print enjoyed a complicated but productive relationship in early modern Japan. An examination of a 1796 parody of the popular play Chūshingura , or A Treasury of Loyal Retainers (1748), shows printed pictorial fiction to rely heavily on kabuki visuality, performance practice, and even specific actors and productions. At the same time, such works are richly allusive, witty, and multivalent texts in their own right. Kabuki and other forms of performance are appropriated as organizing principles, but the end result is a unique performance in itself—one that, in the parody considered, weaves together many of the diverse strands of Japan’s eighteenth century.
What They Talked About When They Talked About Acting: Clairon via Diderot and Talma
Authors: Leichman Jeffrey M.
Published: July 2015

Hyppolite Clairon, perhaps the greatest actress of the eighteenth-century French stage, has long been defined by what others have written about her, despite having authored an erudite, passionate memoir in which she explains her work as an actress and defends her sometimes scandalous personal life. This essay seeks to compare the two narratives that have come to dominate the modern understanding of Clairon’s legacy (Denis Diderot’s Paradoxe sur le comédien and François-Joseph Talma’s Quelques réflexions sur Lekain et sur l’art théâtral ) with Clairon’s own Mémoires , in order to recover a more complete portrait of Clairon as an emblematic actress of the Enlightenment.
Civilizing Taste: “Sandman Joe,” the Bawdy Ballad, and Metropolitan Improvement
Authors: Newman Ian
Published: July 2015

Focusing on the ballad “Sandman Joe” from Francis Place’s collection of flash ballads remembered from his youth, this article tracks how and where bawdy ballads were performed in London in the 1780s in order to understand better the soundscapes of late eighteenth-century London. Questioning narratives that assume the “civilizing process” begins with the middling sorts and spreads belatedly to the lower orders, attention to bawdy urban ballads makes visible the complex dynamics affecting elite and popular culture in the late eighteenth century and the subsequent desire to affix stable meanings on to urban space.
Richard Cumberland’s The Jew and the Benevolence of the Audience: Performance and Religious Tolerance
Authors: Marsden Jean I.
Published: July 2015

This article investigates the genesis, staging, and reception of Richard Cumberland’s The Jew (1794), a sentimental comedy designed with the express purpose of ridding England of its anti-Jewish prejudices through the medium of performance. Cumberland’s play centered on the benevolence of Sheva, a figure created expressly to counter Shakespeare’s Shylock, so that the staging of this benevolent Jew would generate a sense of “fellow-feeling” in spectators that subsequently enabled them to put aside bias. While audiences on both sides of the Atlantic were profoundly moved by watching The Jew , their deepest emotion was consciousness of their own virtue and that of their nation, demonstrating the power and ultimately ephemeral nature of sentiment in performance.
No Other Use than in Judgment?: Kant on Concepts and Sensible Synthesis
Authors: Land Thomas
Published: July 2015

According to the Judgmentalist Reading of Kant (JR), he holds that every act of using a concept is an act of judging. Against this it has been argued that, on the contrary, Kant thinks that concepts are also employed in the perceptual apprehension of objects. However, advocates of this Non-Judgmentalist Reading face the problem that the evidence for JR (primarily in the Metaphysical Deduction) appears to be very strong. The aim of this paper is to address this problem and thus to strengthen the case for the Non-Judgmentalist Reading. I provide an interpretation of the Metaphysical Deduction that shows that in fact the evidence does not support JR over its competitor. According to this interpretation, Kant holds that the capacity to use concepts depends on the capacity to employ them in judgment. But this does not entail that every exercise of the first capacity is an act of judgment. So Kant can consistently hold that concepts are employed outside judgment.
Kant’s “Appraisal” of Christianity: Biblical Interpretation and the Pure Rational System of Religion
Authors: Pasternack Lawrence
Published: July 2015

The First Preface to Kant’s Religion within the Boundaries of Mere Reason contains various characterizations of the distinction between biblical and philosophical theology. Similar characterizations are also found in the Preface to The Conflict of the Faculties . In both, Kant warns the philosopher against trespassing into the purview of the biblical theologian. Yet, in the actual body of both texts, we find numerous occasions where Kant deviates from the rules he initially articulates. The purpose of this paper is to identify these rules, discuss their apparent violations, and consider the implications of this divergence.
Aristotle on Singular Thought
Authors: Perälä Mika
Published: July 2015

Aristotle assumes in many contexts that we are able to have singular thoughts such as “Cleon is white.” However, one might be puzzled about whether this is compatible with his theory of thought, which is commonly taken to explain thought about intelligible kinds rather than individuals. The purpose of this paper is to show that Aristotle had conceptual resources to give an adequate account of singular thought in non-descriptivist (i.e. non-predicative) terms. The proposal put forward is that Aristotle’s account, which is given in analogy with his account of sense perception, is a version of causal theory. This is to be contrasted with another non-descriptivist theory, the Thomistic view, which characterizes singular thought as a kind of general thought, “indirect” or “reflective,” explaining the reference to a singular item in terms of phantasm. In opposition to this view, the paper argues that Aristotle explains the singular reference in terms of non-predicative, simple thought, which concerns not only intelligible kinds, but also singular items.