bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Análise da incorporação de óxido de grafeno em matrizes cimentícias para obtenção de métodos construtivos mais sustentáveis
Authors: Corso Marla , Cardoso Flávia Aparecida Reitz , Silva Maicon Douglas Leles da , Sastre Rodolfo Marques , Rezende Luciana Cristina Soto Herek
Published: May 2023

As cidades têm buscado estratégias sustentáveis, com o propósito de trazerem inclusão social, proteção ambiental e viabilidade financeira em conjunto com métodos na indústria da construção, contribuindo para que as organizações consigam alcançar os Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável.  No contexto urbano surge a construção civil, que está em constante processo de evolução para atender o gerenciamento do ciclo de vida do produto, por meio da inserção de métodos construtivos mais eficazes. Assim, o desenvolvimento de compósitos de matriz cimentícia com propriedades reológicas e mecânicas apropriadas torna-se um desafio, onde a aplicação da nanotecnologia pode auxiliar o setor a alcançar seus objetivos, por meio da incorporação de materiais a base de carbono, devido às suas características específicas e aplicações que influenciam de forma positiva nos resultados. Diante do exposto, este trabalho teve por objetivo a verificação, por meio das análises de correspondência e agrupamento, das propriedades mecânicas de materiais compósitos com diferentes formas de óxidos, de modo a determinar a dosagem que contribui com a minimização do custo do ciclo de vida da infraestrutura. Para isso, foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica em bases de dados científicos, utilizando descritores com relevância no setor da construção civil relacionados aos parâmetros mecânicos e à sustentabilidade. O teste de desejabilidade realizado identificou que os materiais compósitos reforçados podem ter êxito nas áreas críticas das estruturas e são exemplos dos avanços deste método construtivo mais sustentável, mitigando os problemas relacionados a mudanças climáticas e promovendo infraestruturas resilientes e cidades sustentáveis.
Tratamento de águas residuárias de processamento de pescado em reator anaeróbio em forma de Y seguido de filtro aeróbio percolador
Authors: Marques Rosângela Francisca de Paula Vitor , Dutra Joyce da Cruz Ferraz
Published: May 2023

O trabalho teve como objetivo remover matéria orgânica e nutrientes de efluentes advindos de uma indústria de processamento de pescado. O trabalho foi realizado no laboratório de saneamento da UFMG. O sistema de tratamento em dois estágios foi feito em escala de bancada sendo constituído por um reator anaeróbio com manta de lodo em forma de Y (UASB em Y ) e acoplado a ele um filtro percolador (FA) tendo como material de preenchimento conchas de ostras. Os valores de temperatura média dos efluentes do reator UASB em Y e FA não variaram numa faixa desfavorável à digestão anaeróbia. O pH nos ensaios 1 e 2 permaneceram próximos à faixa da neutralidade. Os valores médios das eficiências de remoção global de DQO total nos ensaios 1 e 2 foi de 82 e 83% respectivamente. Já os valores médios de remoção global de DQO filtrada nos ensaios 1 e 2 foram de 44,5% e 72% respectivamente. Nos ensaios 1 e 2 o sistema global não apresentou eficiência de remoção de nutrientes satisfatórias. Pôde-se concluir que o sistema é recomendado para tratar efluentes de processamento de pescado, não havendo diferenças significativas entre os ensaios quanto a sua eficiência no tratamento secundário.
Travail de santé et normativité
Authors: Cau-Bareille Dominique , Lhuilier Dominique , Viviers Simon
Published: May 2023

À partir d’une analyse ergonomique et psychosociologique du travail, cet article vise à expliciter le concept pluriel de normativité dans le domaine de la santé au travail. Après avoir dressé une critique de la normativité managérialiste qui domine les approches de prévention, nous définirons les liens qui unissent normativité, santé et travail à partir d’une théorisation de l’activité de travail. Puis, nous proposerons une définition du « travail de santé » relevant d’un processus de construction de la santé aux prises avec les conditions de vie, les exigences du travail, les éléments de contexte, les marges de manœuvre. Cette construction suppose des arbitrages complexes entre les objectifs productifs et les objectifs constructifs et nécessite souvent des régulations se jouant à la fois dans et hors du cadre du travail. Nous illustrerons cette théorisation au travers d’une recherche sur l’activité enseignante dans le contexte de la pandémie COVID-19.
Le mode de financement de la CNESST comme vecteur de la prévention des accidents du travail et des maladies professionnelles : qu’en est-il réellement ?
Authors: Visotzky-Charlebois Maxine
Published: May 2023

Ce texte s’appuie sur une analyse de la littérature et sur l’historique législatif et parlementaire. Il a comme objectif d’examiner le concept de prévention et son lien avec les mécanismes de financement de la CNESST mis en place au Québec. Le présent texte tracera d’abord l’évolution historique du financement du régime de santé et de sécurité du travail au Québec. Il sera ensuite question du concept de prévention et de sa mobilisation dans le cadre de débats parlementaires pour justifier les transformations du régime de financement, plus particulièrement celles ayant eu lieu au tournant des années 1990. Dans la dernière partie du texte, il sera question des effets de la personnalisation de la cotisation qui ont été soulevés dans la littérature. En effet, il appert que l’efficacité de la cotisation personnalisée comme incitation à la prévention ne fait l’objet que d’une preuve modérée, et ce bien que ce concept ait été largement mobilisé afin de justifier la tangente prise par les gouvernements à l’égard du régime de financement au fil des années. Par ailleurs, il est possible de croire que la personnalisation de la cotisation est susceptible de générer chez les employeurs des comportements qui s’avèrent contradictoires avec le principe de prévention des accidents du travail et des maladies professionnelles, notamment par une externalisation des risques et des coûts et par une contestation accrue des réclamations.
Le traitement de la violence conjugale comme un enjeu de SST au Canada : une étude empirique
Authors: Cox Rachel , Ederer Mélanie
Published: May 2023

La violence conjugale (VC) est un enjeu important pour les milieux de travail, et ce, tant du point de vue de la productivité que de la sécurité au travail. Pourtant, au Québec et au Canada, la conception de la VC en tant que dimension de la santé et de la sécurité du travail (SST) est relativement récente. Peu d’études sur la VC et le travail portent sur des interventions, et encore moins sur celles de nature préventive. Cette étude contribue à combler cette lacune. Elle présente les résultats d’une série d’entretiens avec des informatrices-clés dans différentes juridictions canadiennes où la législation en SST vise la VC. L’étude suggère que, pour que la législation puisse atteindre son but, la sensibilisation à la VC dans les milieux de travailreprésente un élément incontournable. De plus, les ressources communautaires spécialisées en VC ont un rôle crucial à jouer dans la mise en œuvre de la législation.
Argument by Numbers: The Normative Impact of Statistical Legal Tech
Authors: Diver Laurence , McBride Pauline
Published: May 2023

The introduction of statistical ‘legal tech’ raises questions about the future of law and legal practice. While technologies have always mediated the concept, practice, and texture of law, a qualitative and quantitative shift is taking place: statistical legal tech is being integrated into mainstream legal practice, and particularly that of litigators. These applications – particularly in search and document generation – mediate how practicing lawyers interact with the legal system. By shaping how law is ‘done’, the applications ultimately come to shape what law is. Where such applications impact on the creative elements of the litigator’s practice, for example via automation bias, they affect their professional and ethical duty to respond appropriately to the unique circumstances of their client’s case – a duty that is central to the Rule of Law. The statistical mediation of legal resources by machine learning applications must therefore be introduced with great care, if we are to avoid the subtle, inadvertent, but ultimately fundamental undermining of the Rule of Law. In this contribution we describe the normative effects of legal tech application design, how they are potentially (in)compatible with law and the Rule of Law as normative orders, particularly with respect to legal texts which we frame as the proper source of ‘lossless law’, uncompressed by statistical framing. We conclude that reliance on the vigilance of individual lawyers is insufficient to guard against the potentially harmful effects of such systems, given their inscrutability, and suggest that the onus is on the providers of legal technologies to demonstrate the legitimacy of their systems according to the normative standards inherent in the legal system.
L’influence normative de l’IA en droit de la propriété intellectuelle
Authors: Clément-Fontaine Mélanie
Published: May 2023

Nous avons identifié trois points qui témoignent de l’influence normative de l’intelligence artificielle (IA) sur le droit de la propriété intellectuelle. Premièrement, l'application du droit de la propriété intellectuelle à l'IA va être conditionné par les normes éthiques et juridiques qui encadrent l'usage de l’IA. Deuxièmement, l’IA est une innovation délicate à intégrer dans le giron de la propriété intellectuelle car il s’agit d’une technologie évolutive. Son introduction dans le champ du droit de la propriété intellectuelle conduit inexorablement à transformer les grandes notions de ce droit, et en particulier les notions de création protégeable et de créateur protégé. Troisièmement, il ressort de ce qui précède que le droit de la propriété intellectuelle n'a pas encore été adapté à l'IA. En revanche, en dehors du droit de la propriété intellectuelle, plusieurs règles ont déjà été adoptées pour favoriser le développement de l’IA. Elles ont en particulier pour objet de rendre accessible les données nécessaires au fonctionnement de l'IA. Finalement, le droit de la propriété intellectuelle, tel qu’il existe aujourd’hui, ne semble pas être le régime choisi pour favoriser les technologies de l'IA.
Multidisciplinary Limb Salvage Service Reduces Major Amputations in Diabetic Foot Infections
Authors: Pillado Eric , de Virgilio Christian , Ipp Eli , Murphy Richard , Bongard Fred , Lauer Kimberly , Miller Ashley J.
Published: May 2023

Background: Diabetic foot infections (DFIs) can lead to limb loss and mortality. To improve patient care at a safety-net teaching hospital, we created a multidisciplinary limb salvage service (LSS).

Methods: We recruited a cohort prospectively and compared it to a historical control group. Adults admitted to the newly established LSS for DFI during a 6-month period from 2016 to 2017 were included prospectively. Patients admitted to the LSS had routine endocrine and infectious diseases consultations according to a standardized protocol. A retrospective analysis of patients admitted to the acute care surgical service for DFI before creation of the LSS during an 8-month period from 2014 to 2015 was performed.

Results: A total of 250 patients were divided into two groups: the pre-LSS (n = 92) and the LSS (n = 158) groups. There were no significant differences in baseline characteristics. Although all patients were ultimately diagnosed with diabetes, more patients in the LSS group had hypertension (71% versus 56%; P = .01) and a prior diagnosis of diabetes mellitus (92% versus 63%; P < .001) compared to the pre-LSS group. Significantly, with the LSS, fewer patients underwent a below-the-knee amputation (3.6% versus 13%; P = .001). There was no difference in the length of hospital stay or 30-day readmission rate between the groups. Further broken down into Hispanic versus non-Hispanic, we noted that Hispanics had significantly lower rates of below-the-knee amputations (3.6% versus 13.0%; P = .02) in the LSS cohort.

Conclusions: The initiation of a multidisciplinary LSS decreased the below-the-knee amputation rate in patients with DFIs. Length of stay was not increased, nor was the 30-day readmission rate affected. These results suggest that a robust multidisciplinary LSS dedicated to the management of DFIs is both feasible and effective, even in safety-net hospitals.
Injection of the Abductor Hallucis Muscle in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Distal Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome
Authors: Nirenberg Michael S.
Published: May 2023

Background: Tarsal tunnel syndrome (TTS) can be divided into proximal TTS and distal TTS (DTTS). Research on methods to differentiate these two syndromes is sparse. A simple test and treatment is described as an adjunct to assist with diagnosing and providing treatment for DTTS.

Methods: The suggested test and treatment is an injection of lidocaine mixed with dexamethasone administered into the abductor hallucis muscle at the site of entrapment of the distal branches of the tibial nerve. This treatment was studied with a retrospective medical record review in 44 patients with clinical suspicion of DTTS.

Results: The lidocaine injection test and treatment (LITT) was positive in 84% of patients. Of patients available for follow-up evaluation (35), 11% of those with a positive LITT test (four) had complete lasting symptom relief. One-quarter of patients with initial complete symptom relief at LITT administration (four of 16) maintained this level of symptom relief at follow-up. Thirty-seven percent of patients evaluated at follow-up (13 of 35) who had a positive response to the LITT experienced partial or complete symptom relief. No association was found between level of symptom relief maintenance and the immediate level of symptom relief (Fisher exact test = 0.751; P = .797). The results showed no difference in the distribution of immediate symptom relief by sex (Fisher exact test = 1.048; P = .653).

Conclusions: The LITT is a simple, safe, invasive method to help diagnose and treat DTTS, and it provides an additional method to assist with differentiating DTTS from proximal TTS. The study also provides additional evidence that DTTS has a myofascial etiology. The proposed mechanism of action of the LITT suggests a new paradigm in diagnosing muscle-related nerve entrapments that may lead to nonsurgical treatments or less invasive surgical interventions for DTTS.
Partial Excision of a Tibial Sesamoid Fracture Nonunion in a Patient with Congenital Absence of Fibular Sesamoid: A Case Study
Authors: Vesely Bryanna , Sikora Rebecca R. , Dial Dekarlos
Published: May 2023

Background: Hallucal sesamoid injuries occur in approximately 5% to 10% of foot and ankle injuries. Most cases can be treated conservatively. However, when nonoperative management fails, surgical intervention is warranted.

Methods: The present case involved a 17-year-old female high school senior who presented to the clinic with right hallux pain. Radiographs were obtained and revealed congenital absence of the fibular sesamoid and evidence of a minimally displaced avulsion fracture involving the proximal medial tibial sesamoid. Treatment was complicated by the congenital absence of the fibular sesamoid and by a high activity level.

Results: After conservative treatment failure, the patient underwent partial excision of her tibial sesamoid. She was followed for 1.5 years after initial presentation to our clinic. The patient was able to return to daily activities; however, she was not able to return to softball competitively due to pain.

Conclusions: We hypothesize she was unable to return to softball because the absence of a sesamoid can decrease push-off strength. We recommend that providers treating athletes educate their patients on the possible loss of strength and take this into account when creating a treatment plan.
Plasticity of gene expression in the nervous system by exposure to environmental odorants that inhibit HDACs
Authors: Haga-Yamanaka Sachiko , Nunez-Flores Rogelio , Scott Christi Ann , Perry Sarah , Chen Stephanie Turner , Pontrello Crystal , Nair Meera Goh , Ray Anandasankar
Published: May 2023

Eukaryotes are often exposed to microbes and respond to their secreted metabolites, such as the microbiome in animals or commensal bacteria in roots. Little is known about the effects of long-term exposure to volatile chemicals emitted by microbes, or other volatiles that we are exposed to over a long duration. Using the model system
Drosophila melanogaster
we evaluate a yeast emitted volatile, diacetyl, found in high levels around fermenting fruits where they spend long periods of time. We find that exposure to just the headspace containing the volatile molecules can alter gene expression in the antenna. Experiments showed that diacetyl and structurally related volatile compounds inhibited human histone-deacetylases (HDACs), increased histone-H3K9 acetylation in human cells, and caused wide changes in gene expression in both
Drosophila
and mice. Diacetyl crosses the blood-brain barrier and exposure causes modulation of gene expression in the brain, therefore has potential as a therapeutic. Using two separate disease models known to be responsive to HDAC-inhibitors, we evaluated physiological effects of volatile exposure. First, we find that the HDAC inhibitor also halts proliferation of a neuroblastoma cell line in culture as predicted. Next, exposure to vapors slows progression of neurodegeneration in a
Drosophila
model for Huntington’s disease. These changes strongly suggest that unbeknown to us, certain volatiles in the surroundings can have profound effects on histone acetylation, gene expression and physiology in animals.Volatile compounds are ubiquitous and are produced by most organisms. We report that some volatile compounds emitted from microbes and present in food, can alter epigenetic states in neurons and other eukaryotic cells. These volatile organic compounds act as inhibitors of HDACs and over time periods of hours and days cause dramatic modulation of gene expression even from a physically separated emission source. Given their HDAC-inhibitory properties the VOCs also act as therapeutics in preventing proliferation of neuroblastoma cells and degeneration of neurons in a Huntington’s disease model.
Structural and mechanistic insight into ribosomal ITS2 RNA processing by nuclease-kinase machinery
Authors: Chen Jiyun , Chen Hong , Li Shanshan , Lin Xiaofeng , Hu Rong , Zhang Kaiming , Liu Liang
Published: May 2023

Precursor ribosomal RNA (pre-rRNA) processing is a key step in ribosome biosynthesis and involves numerous RNases. A HEPN nuclease Las1 and a polynucleotide kinase Grc3 assemble into a tetramerase responsible for rRNA maturation. Here, we report the structures of full-length
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
and
Cyberlindnera jadinii
Las1-Grc3 complexes, and
Cyberlindnera jadinii
Las1. The Las1-Grc3 structures show that the central coiled coil domain of Las1 facilitates pre-rRNA binding and cleavage, while the Grc3 C-terminal loop motif directly binds to the HEPN active center of Las1 and regulates pre-rRNA cleavage. Structural comparison between Las1 and Las1-Grc3 complex exhibits that Grc3 binding induces conformational rearrangements of catalytic residues associated with HEPN nuclease activation. Biochemical assays identify that Las1 processes pre-rRNA at the two specific sites (C2 and C2′), which greatly facilitates rRNA maturation. Our structures and specific pre-rRNA cleavage findings provide crucial insights into the mechanism and pathway of pre-rRNA processing in ribosome biosynthesis.
A multi-kernel and multi-scale learning based deep ensemble model for predicting recurrence of non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Kim Gihyeon , Park Young Mi , Yoon Hyun Jung , Choi Jang-Hwan
Published: May 2023

Predicting recurrence in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) before treatment is vital for guiding personalized medicine. Deep learning techniques have revolutionized the application of cancer informatics, including lung cancer time-to-event prediction. Most existing convolutional neural network (CNN) models are based on a single two-dimensional (2D) computational tomography (CT) image or three-dimensional (3D) CT volume. However, studies have shown that using multi-scale input and fusing multiple networks provide promising performance. This study proposes a deep learning-based ensemble network for recurrence prediction using a dataset of 530 patients with NSCLC. This network assembles 2D CNN models of various input slices, scales, and convolutional kernels, using a deep learning-based feature fusion model as an ensemble strategy. The proposed framework is uniquely designed to benefit from (i) multiple 2D in-plane slices to provide more information than a single central slice, (ii) multi-scale networks and multi-kernel networks to capture the local and peritumoral features, (iii) ensemble design to integrate features from various inputs and model architectures for final prediction. The ensemble of five 2D-CNN models, three slices, and two multi-kernel networks, using 5 × 5 and 6 × 6 convolutional kernels, achieved the best performance with an accuracy of 69.62%, area under the curve (AUC) of 72.5%, F1 score of 70.12%, and recall of 70.81%. Furthermore, the proposed method achieved competitive results compared with the 2D and 3D-CNN models for cancer outcome prediction in the benchmark studies. Our model is also a potential adjuvant treatment tool for identifying NSCLC patients with a high risk of recurrence.
Vkorc1 gene polymorphisms confer resistance to anticoagulant rodenticide in Turkish rats
Authors: Yiğit Nuri , Duman Mustafa T. , Çetintürk Derya , Saygılı-Yiğit Fulya , Çolak Ercüment , Çolak Reyhan
Published: May 2023

Mutations in Exon 1, 2 and 3 of the vitamin K epoxide reductase complex subunit 1 (Vkorc1) gene are known to lead to anticoagulant rodenticide resistance. In order to investigate their putative resistance in rodenticides, we studied the genetic profile of the Vkorc1 gene in Turkish black rats (Rattus rattus) and brown rats (Rattus norvegicus). In this context, previously recorded Ala21Thr mutation (R. rattus) in Exon 1 region, Ile90Leu mutation (R. rattus, R. norvegicus) in Exon 2 region and Leu120Gln mutation (R. norvegicus) in Exon 3 region were identified as “missense mutations” causing amino acid changes. Ala21Thr mutation was first detected in one specimen of Turkish black rat despite the uncertainty of its relevance to resistance. Ile90Leu mutation accepted as neutral variant was detected in most of black rat specimens. Leu120Gln mutation related to anticoagulant rodenticide resistance was found in only one brown rat specimen. Furthermore, Ser74Asn, Gln77Pro (black rat) and Ser79Pro (brown rat) mutations that cause amino acid changes in the Exon 2 region but unclear whether they cause resistance were identified. In addition, “silent mutations” which do not cause amino acid changes were also defined; these mutations were Arg12Arg mutation in Exon 1 region, His68His, Ser81Ser, Ile82Ile and Leu94Leu mutations in Exon 2 region and Ile107Ile, Thr137Thr, Ala143Ala and Gln152Gln mutations in Exon 3 region. These silent mutations were found in both species except for Ser81Ser which was determined in only brown rats.
Illuminating the druggable genome through patent bioactivity data
Authors: Magariños Maria P. , Gaulton Anna , Félix Eloy , Kiziloren Tevfik , Arcila Ricardo , Oprea Tudor I. , Leach Andrew R.
Published: May 2023

The patent literature is a potentially valuable source of bioactivity data. In this article we describe a process to prioritise 3.7 million life science relevant patents obtained from the SureChEMBL database (https://www.surechembl.org/), according to how likely they were to contain bioactivity data for potent small molecules on less-studied targets, based on the classification developed by the Illuminating the Druggable Genome (IDG) project. The overall goal was to select a smaller number of patents that could be manually curated and incorporated into the ChEMBL database. Using relatively simple annotation and filtering pipelines, we have been able to identify a substantial number of patents containing quantitative bioactivity data for understudied targets that had not previously been reported in the peer-reviewed medicinal chemistry literature. We quantify the added value of such methods in terms of the numbers of targets that are so identified, and provide some specific illustrative examples. Our work underlines the potential value in searching the patent corpus in addition to the more traditional peer-reviewed literature. The small molecules found in these patents, together with their measured activity against the targets, are now accessible via the ChEMBL database.
LAS VOCES INCENDIARIAS DE ALIMAPU: DESASTRE Y NEOLIBERALISMO EN “VALPARAÍSO ARDIENDO” DE ROSA ALCAYAGA (2015)
Authors:   Universidad Finis Terrae, Carvajal Gustavo
Published: May 2023

Este artículo examina las formas en que el largo poema-crónica de Rosa Alcayaga “Valparaíso ardiendo” (2015), publicado posteriormente en el volumen Electroshock (2017), propone una interpretación radical sobre los procesos históricos y actuales de destrucción de la ciudad de Valparaíso iluminados por el último megaincendio de la ciudad en 2014. En lugar de centrarnos exclusivamente en la apelación emocional que “Valparaíso ardiendo” realiza a sus lectores, discuto más bien cómo el poema señala algunas de las condiciones estructurales que han impactado a sus habitantes más vulnerables: su destrucción intensificada bajo un régimen de mercado que toma la mayoría de las decisiones sociales y políticas, la casi completa desaparición de la protección social a los marginados pobladores de sus asentamientos informales y la construcción de la profundamente segregada ciudad vertical neoliberal. En última instancia, este artículo pretende mostrar cómo la incendiaria creación de Alcayaga plantea un discurso crítico y no oficial que reivindica el derecho a una vida digna, denunciando las formas en que el poder político local, regional y nacional actúa bajo el capitalismo de mercado.
LA FIGURA DEL ANTIDETECTIVE EN LA NOVELA "COLONIA DE PERROS" DE GONZALO HERNÁNDEZ
Authors:   Universidad de Chile, Montes Capó Cristian
Published: May 2023

En el contexto de la narrativa chilena de estas dos últimas décadas, ocupa un lugar destacado el género de la novela negra. Al interior de esta producción narrativa es posible advertir, en algunos casos, cómo se produce el deslizamiento de la figura del detective a la del antidetective, debido a las condiciones del mundo representado y a la inutilidad en la que ha caído su actividad. Ejemplar al respecto es la novela Colonia de perros (2010) de Gonzalo Hernández, en la cual se centrará el presente artículo.
LA TRAYECTORIA CRÍTICA DE RAÚL SILVA CASTRO
Authors:   Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Valenzuela Alejandro , Anwandter Donoso Christian ,   Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez
Published: May 2023

El presente artículo representa un esfuerzo por situar tanto la figura como la obra crítica de Raúl Silva Castro dentro de la historia cultural, social y política del Chile del siglo XX. Para ello, comenzamos realizando una lectura minuciosa de los textos que el crítico publicó durante la década del veinte en la revista Claridad, para luego pasar a revisar ciertos hitos dentro de su obra posterior que dan cuenta de un giro explícito hacia el pensamiento conservador chileno. En último término, creemos que el concepto clave para entender el funcionamiento del discurso y el programa crítico de Silva Castro es el de “modernización conservadora”.
“PARECE FÁBULA PERO FUE VERDAD”: ORALIDAD Y UTOPÍA EN LA RECONSTRUCCIÓN DEL INCANATO EN “ALGO SOBRE EL PUEBLO QUECHUA” DE GABRIELA MISTRAL
Authors:   California State University, Fresno, Medina-Sancho Gloria
Published: May 2023

En este trabajo propongo ampliar la discusión de la crítica sobre la influencia del mundo andino como pensamiento y poética en la poesía de Gabriela Mistral hacia un tipo particular de su prosa denominado por la autora como “recado”. Mi estudio se enfoca en el texto “Algo sobre el Pueblo Quechua”, publicado el 20 de julio de 1947, y se apoya en los estudios culturales trasandinos para hacer una re-lectura de las subjetividades indígenas y desestabilizar imaginarios nacionales. En “Algo sobre el Pueblo Quechua” sostengo que el lenguaje conversacional empleado no solo permite incluir colectividades indígenas históricamente marginadas sino también contar el pasado precolombino como utopía social. Al presentar la expansión pacífica del Imperio Incaico como modelo ejemplar, Mistral está haciendo una crítica velada a las potencias mundiales del siglo XX, cuyos intereses imperialistas han causado y pueden seguir causando devastadores conflictos bélicos. Al mismo tiempo, la Premio Nobel se está dirigiendo a los países hispanoamericanos para que abandonen modelos foráneos de gobierno y aprendan del modelo colectivista de los incas a unirse entre ellos y a velar por el bien económico y social de todos sus habitantes.
EL MELODRAMA COMO RECURSO CRÍTICO EN "LA ÚLTIMA NIEBLA" DE MARÍA LUISA BOMBAL
Authors:   University of Colorado-Boulder, Asecio Monserrat
Published: May 2023

En este trabajo analizo cómo en La última niebla, de María Luisa Bombal, la recurrencia a elementos melodramáticos y a mecanismos narrativos propios de la novela sentimental puede plantearse como una crítica a la situación de las mujeres de su época. En este sentido, estudio el rol de lo femenino en lo público y privado, tal y como lo concibe Habermas, y la instauración de una “esfera íntima” (Berlant) en la cual las expectativas femeninas encuentran una razón de ser. Concluyo que, a pesar de que en su novela sí subsisten tales cuestionamientos, la autora también establece la imposibilidad de la mujer de escapar de las expectativas e ideas de felicidad que sostiene la cultura patriarcal.
“POR LAS PRESENTES Y POR LAS DEL FUTURO”: LA VOZ DE LAS MUJERES ENCARCELADAS EN LA CASA DE RECOGIDAS EN SANTIAGO DE CHILE (1740)
Authors:   Universidad Andrés Bello, Chile, Massmann Stefanie
Published: May 2023

El artículo analiza una carta anónima de mujeres encarceladas en la Casa de Recogidas de Santiago de Chile. Fechada en 1740, se trata de un documento único que permite escuchar la voz de las reclusas, muchas de ellas prostitutas o mujeres de “mala vida”, que denuncian los errores y la corrupción que hay en su administración. El artículo releva el modo en que conceptos como honor, escándalo y culpa desplazan su sentido con el fin de cuestionar la asociación de la mujer con el pecado y la corrupción social.
ESTRÉS ACADÉMICO EN ESTUDIANTES UNIVERSITARIOS DE ENFERMERÍA DE QUERÉTARO, MÉXICO
Authors:   Facultad de Enfermería, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro. Querétaro, Querétaro, México, Martínez Cruz Sarahí , Juárez Nilo Sarket Gizeh ,   Facultad de Enfermería, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro. Querétaro, Querétaro, México, Rico Sánchez René ,   Facultad de Enfermería, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro. Querétaro, Querétaro, México, Martínez Díaz Adriana ,   Universidad Autónoma de QuerétaroFacultad de Enfermería, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro. Querétaro, Querétaro, México, Gallegos Torres Ruth Magdalena ,   Facultad de Enfermería, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro. Querétaro, Querétaro, México
Published: May 2023

INTRODUCCIÓN. Estudiar una carrera universitaria conlleva grandes retos académicos por lo que formase como Licenciado en Enfermería no es la excepción, incluso se considera una carrera de grandes exigencias y sacrificios que pueden implicar una serie de cuadros depresivos, de ansiedad y sobre todo estrés. OBJETIVO. Determinar el nivel de estrés que existe en los estudiantes universitarios de la Licenciatura en Enfermería de una institución educativa privada, mediante la aplicación de un cuestionario con la finalidad de conocer la situación actual de dicha población. METODOLOGÍA: Estudio cuantitativo descriptivo transversal que incluyo estudiantes de Enfermería. Para la recolección de los datos se utilizó una encuesta sociodemográfica, así como la aplicación del inventario SISCO-21. El análisis de los datos se realizó mediante el programa SPSS versión 25. Se aplicó estadística descriptiva. Se consideraron los aspectos éticos para la investigación en humanos. RESULTADOS: Se aplicaron 78 cuestionarios, donde 83,3% fueron mujeres. 38,5% indicaron sentir un nivel de estrés superior a 3 de 5. Los factores estresantes fueron el tiempo para hacer tareas, la poca claridad de los profesores e incluso, la personalidad del docente. Como reacciones manifestaron ansiedad, el 21,8%, siempre. CONCLUSIÓN: El nivel general de estrés fue leve, aunque sí se encontraron casos de alumnos que reflejaron niveles moderados e intensos, por lo que es importante el monitoreo y apoyo de los casos de alumnos que requieran apoyo.
RELACIÓN DE LA EDUCACIÓN, CONOCIMIENTO Y PERCEPCIÓN DE LA SATISFACCIÓN SEXUAL DE LOS ESTUDIANTES HETEROSEXUALES CIS-GÉNERO DE LA UNIVERSIDAD ANDRÉS BELLO SEDE VIÑA DEL MAR (CHILE), AÑO 2022
Authors:   Carrera de Obstetricia, Facultad de Medicina Sede Viña del Mar, Universidad Andrés Bello, Chile, Calderón Canales Felipe , Araya Videla Antonia Valentina ,   Universidad Andrés Bello, Sede Viña del Mar, Chile, Araya Muñoz Roxanna Graciela ,   Universidad Andrés Bello, Sede Viña del Mar, Chile, León Ugarte Makarena Isabel ,   Universidad Andrés Bello, Sede Viña del Mar, Chile, Rivas Vegas Leslie Francesca ,   Universidad Andrés Bello, Sede Viña del Mar, Chile, Rodríguez Tapia Constanza Fabiola ,   Universidad Andrés Bello, Sede Viña del Mar, Chile, Urra Silva Damaris Yuyuniz ,   Universidad Andrés Bello, Sede Viña del Mar, Chile, Valdés Sánchez Noelia Jovanka ,   Universidad Andrés Bello, Sede Viña del Mar, Chile
Published: May 2023

INTRODUCCIÓN: Los humanos son seres sexuados, gran parte de ellos mantienen una vida sexual activa y comienzan a una edad temprana; sin embargo, esto puede llegar a ser un problema si no se cuenta con una base óptima de educación sexual, ya que ésta fomenta el autoconocimiento de cada persona, permitiendo una vida sexual plena. OBJETIVO: Relacionar la educación sexual con la percepción de la satisfacción sexual y el conocimiento de los genitales externos del sexo opuesto en mujeres y hombres heterosexuales cis-género. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Estudio cuantitativo observacional analítico transversal, mediante la clasificación de preguntas y respuestas estructuradas, cuantificables realizada a estudiantes cis heterosexuales entre 18 y 25 años. RESULTADOS: Los resultados de esta investigación demostraron las diversas edades de inicio de actividad sexual, cantidad de parejas sexuales y la percepción de la vida sexual actual de los encuestados, reflejando que la mayoría de los mismos comenzaron su vida sexual tempranamente y, sin embargo, mantenían una baja cantidad de parejas sexuales. Aun con estos condicionantes, los sujetos refieren mantener una buena satisfacción sexual, queriendo conservar su vida sexual actual. CONCLUSIONES: Aún se aprecia la brecha de conocimientos desde los distintos niveles de educación, asimismo, se puede evidenciar la poca investigación en relación con la satisfacción sexual que existe en Chile. Por otra parte, la importancia que posee el/la profesional matrón/a es fundamental en cada una de las variables estudiadas ya que, es el profesional más capacitado para abordar este ámbito.
El trabajo de profesores principiantes en pandemia en contextos vulnerables según docentes noveles y directivos
Authors:   Universidad Metropolitana de Ciencias de la Educación, Chile, Barria-Herrera Pamela , Villalobos Vergara Paula ,   Universidad Metropolitana de Ciencias de la Educación, Chile, Pasmanik Diana ,   Universidad de Santiago de Chile
Published: May 2023

Esta investigación describe las experiencias de docentes y directivos respecto del trabajo de profesores principiantes en contextos vulnerables en tiempos de pandemia. Así, se busca comprender la realidad compleja de un período crítico que, a diferencia de las usuales de catástrofes o desastres de carácter acotado, se prolonga. Se espera contribuir al desarrollo de conocimiento sobre el trabajo docente y sus condiciones contextuales para permitir su seguimiento en la medida en que se transforma y adapta a los cambios que se susciten en el desarrollo de la pandemia y su abordaje. Desde un paradigma cualitativo-interpretativo,se entrevistó a 14 profesores en su segundo año de ejercicio profesional en colegios públicos de la Región Metropolitana de Santiago y a ocho de sus directivos. Los análisis muestran cambios en el trabajo docente asociados con la modalidad remota. Estos ocurren, en primer lugar, mediante las transformaciones en la organización, el espacio de trabajo y en las prioridades pedagógicas y, en segundo lugar, se evidencias sus consecuencias, como malestar docente, nuevas condiciones y estrategias de enseñanza-aprendizaje. Por último, se expone la modulación de las relaciones interpersonales establecidas, entre las cuales se destaca el rol de otros profesores/as, asistentes de la educación y directivos/as.
“Y como oblación, una décima de medida de flor de harina” (Nm 28,5). El uso de sōlet y su significado en Números
Authors:   Universidad Pontificia Comillas, Facultad de Teología, España, Cocco Francesco
Published: May 2023

La imagen que suele asociarse al culto sacrificial del pueblo de Israel es la de los sacrificios de animales, en primer lugar, el holocausto. Generalmente, de hecho, se tiende a ignorar casi por completo el hecho de que también había ofrendas vegetales, que en algunos casos acompañaban al sacrificio animal mientras que en otros representaban la ofrenda tout court en el culto del templo. El presente trabajo pretende estudiar el papel y función de la ofrenda vegetal, con especial atención a la ofrenda de la “flor de harina” (סֹלֶת) y la importancia que tiene en el sistema sacrificial de la Torá en general y del libro de Números en particular. El estudio comienza con un análisis lexicográfico y luego se dedica a examinar las ocurrencias del término tanto en el ámbito extralitúrgico como en el litúrgico.
La sabiduría en el pensamiento de San Buenaventura y sus dimensiones filosófica y teológica
Authors:   Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, Rubio Francisco Javier
Published: May 2023

En este trabajo se defiende la tesis de que la noción de sabiduría sintetiza adecuadamente lo fundamental de la doctrina bonaventuriana sobre el conocimiento de la verdad y resuelve adecuadamente la fractura moderna entre filosofía y teología, con todos los problemas implicados en la misma. Por eso se presentará una revisión analítica de los principales textos en los que el Seráfico lleva a cabo una reducción del término “sabiduría”, y de esta revisión se sacarán las conclusiones oportunas para valorar la síntesis de pensamiento llevada a cabo por Buenaventura en la cuestión de la verdad.
Álvaro GRANADOS, La casa costruita sulla sabbia. Manuale di Teologia Pastorale, EDUSC, Roma 2022, 392 p. ISBN 979-12-5482-022-3
Authors:   Universidad de Piura, Guillén Del Río Carlos
Published: May 2023

El presente artículo es una recensión del libro del profesor de teología pastoral Álvaro Granados. Lleva por título "La casa construída sobre la arena" (original italiano: La casa costruita sulla sabbia). Se trata de un manual de teología pastoral, asignatura de la que él es profesor en la Pontificia Universidad de la Santa Cruz (Roma).
Alexander SCHMEMANN, Diari 1973-1983, Vol. 1, Lipa Edizioni y La Casa di Matriona, Roma 2021, 573 p. ISBN 978-88-31282-03-1
Authors:   Aid to the Church in Need ACN International, Rosas-Jimenez Carlos Alberto
Published: May 2023

Have you ever kept a diary of your personal life? For many people, keeping a written record of their experiences, thoughts, feelings, travels or encounters with people is a common practice. For others, it is not. Perhaps for some it is something completely foreign. For Russian Orthodox priest Alexander Schmemann it was clearly not. His diary, two volumes of almost 600 pages each, has given an insight into the life, worries, joys and even disappointments of one of the most influential theologians of the 20th century. On this occasion we would like to refer to the first volume and scrutinize a little of what this work brings to the world today.
Clinical and Laboratory Profile of Patients with Newly Diagnosed Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: An Observational Study from a Tertiary Care Centre, Karnataka, India
Authors: Sethupandi Sivaranjani , Gururaju Daasara , Rao Anand Prahalad , Nanjundappa Nijaguna
Published: May 2023

Introduction: Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) is the most common rheumatic condition of childhood. It represents a heterogeneous group of childhood arthritis. Aim: To study the clinical profile and laboratory characteristics of all newly diagnosed JIA patients. Materials and Methods: This hospital-based prospective observational study was conducted in the Department of Paediatric Rheumatology in Indira Gandhi Institute of Child Health, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India between December 2017 to April 2019. All children who fulfilled International League of Associations for Rheumatology (ILAR) criteria for the diagnosis of JIA were enrolled in the study, and their clinical and laboratory parameters were evaluated. The analysis between matchedpairs data like the comparison between age of onset and age of presentation in males and females were done by paired t-test. Results: Fifty one children were included in the study with M:F of 1:1.12. Mean age at onset was 8.71±4.02 years and median duration of disease was 13 months (2-96 months). The most common subgroup was polyarticular JIA 18 (35.3%) followed by Systemic Onset Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (SOJIA) 14 (27.5%), enthesitis-related arthritis 13 (25.5%) and oligoarticular JIA 4 (7.8%). Knee (94%) was the most common joint involved followed by the ankle (70.5%). Fever was the most common extra-articular feature present in 73% of cases. Hepatomegaly, splenomegaly and lymphadenopathy was present in 33.3%, 9.8% and 21.6% children, respectively. Anaemia, leukocytosis, thrombocytosis and elevated Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) were more common in SOJIA. Macrophage Activation Syndrome (MAS) was diagnosed in 2 cases of SOJIA (14.3%) with no mortality. Conclusion: Polyarticular JIA was the common subtype in the study, followed by SOJIA. Most common joint involved was knee, followed by ankle and fever is the most common extraarticular manifestation.
Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Rational Use of Medicine among Interns and Resident Doctors in Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital of Western City of Gujarat: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Tank Samprada Y , Kagathara Jimmy M
Published: May 2023

Introduction: According to the definition of Rational Use of Medicine (RUM), patients must receive pharmaceuticals that are “suitable to their clinical needs, in doses that fit their own specific requirements, for an adequate period of time, and at the lowest cost to them and their community”. By prescribing the proper medications in the proper dosages, doctors can influence the health and well-being of their patients. Aim: To evaluate the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of interns and resident doctors towards RUM in tertiary care center, Jamnagar, Gujarat. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional, questionnaire-based study was conducted in August 2022 in Guru Gobind Singh Government Hospital, Jamnagar, Gujarat. Total 149 first year postgraduate students (residents doctors) from different specialties and 205 intern students of a tertiary care teaching hospital were included in the study. A questionnaire was administered, which included the questions regarding socio-demographic profile, use of Essential Medicines (EM), RUM, concept of Personal drugs (P-drug) and source of drug information. Data were statistically analysed using Chi-square test. Results: Mean age of Resident Doctors was 24.55±1.74 years while of interns was 22.86±1.27 years. Eighteen (12.08%) residents and 9 (4.39%) interns knew what the phrase RUM meant. At their place of employment, the National Model Essential Drug List was accessible to 12 (5.6%) interns and 16 (10.73%) residents. Out of total, 190 (92.68%) interns and 143 (95.97%) residents were able to identify the components of the prescription slip accurately. The word P-drug was known to roughly 74 (36.09%) interns and 34 (22.81%) residents, of which 45 (21.95%) interns and 27 (18.12%) residents were aware of the Safety, Tolerability, Efficacy, Price (STEP) criteria for P-drug selection. Conclusion: Majority of the responders seem to be aware of the concept of EM and RUM, while the word P-drug seems to be quite unknown to the responders. However, majority of responders prescribed EM which are old drugs. Since, the awareness of RUM among interns and residents was found to be inadequate it has critical importance to hold educational activities with the cooperation of physicians, health organisations, universities to avoid negative consequences of irrational drug use.
AYURVEDIC MANAGEMENT OF VICHARCHIKA: A CASE REPORT
Authors: Dsouza Zenica , KT Ayana
Published: May 2023

Ayurveda uses the term "Kustha" to describe many skin diseases. Kustha is regarded as one among astamahagada by Bruhatrayees for the challenges it poses with its chronicity, recurrence and treatment. ‘Vicharchika’, which can be co-related to eczema, is a variety of Kshudra Kustha. Clinical features of Vicharchika described by Charaka are intense itching blackish-brown maculopapular lesions associated with serous discharge. The patient, in this case, had presented with reddish black/brown thickened skin lesions with intense pruritus and mild discharge, clinically diagnosed as Vicharchika. The treatment principles of Raktavaha sroto dusti and Kustha roga were adopted here. As the dosha was in bahu dosha avasta, internal detoxification was planned by Virechana karma. After Virechana, the patient was treated with external therapies and oral medicine. The patient was then taken up for three sittings of bloodletting by leech therapy with a gap of one week between two sittings. By completing all three sittings of leech therapy, appreciable clinical changes were observed in the patient.
ROLE OF SUNTHI-LODHRA POWDER IN RAKTAPRADAR: A CLINICAL STUDY
Authors: Deori Purnima , Humtsoe Yanbeni
Published: May 2023

Raktapradar in Ayurveda is characterised by pradirana (excessive excretion) of raja (menstrual blood). It can be correlated with abnormal uterine bleeding. Various etiopathogenesis are present along with their treatments. However, cost-effective treatments with minimum side effects are yet to be established. The treatment aims to study Sunthi-Lodhra powder's efficacy in managing Raktapradar. Method: A clinical trial was conducted on 30 patients aged 18 - 45. We administered Sunthi - Lodhra powder mixed with ghrita and sarkara twice daily after food. Follow ups were taken after each menstrual bleeding for three consecutive menstrual cycles, and assessments were done accordingly on various parameters. Paired t-test was done for statistical analysis. Results: Based on the parameters studied, the results are highly significant on most parameters. Conclusion: Drug formulation Sunthi and Lodhra powder with ghrita and sarkara show promising results in treating most of the symptoms of Raktapradra.