bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis Faktor Produksi Teh Daun Gaharu Pada Kelompok Tani Hutan Putra Harapan Di Kabupaten Sijunjung
Authors: Angelina Riri , Syuhada Fildza Arief
Published: May 2024

Gaharu merupakan salah satu komoditi hasil hutan non kayu yang cukup dapat diandalkan, apalagi mengingat sangat istimewa dibandingkan dengan hasil lainnya. Hampir seluruh bagian tanaman gaharu dapat dimanfaatkan berupa gubalnya. Selain gubalnya yang menguntungkan, daun gaharu juga dapat diproduksi menjadi teh herbal yang mampu menyehatkan dan menyegarkan badan. Adapun dalam proses produksi teh daun gaharu, diperlukan masukan berupa faktor produksi (bahan baku, modal, teknologi dan tenaga kerja), alat dan sarana agar berjalan dengan lancar. Tujuan penelitian yaitu untuk mengetahui proses produksi teh dan faktor apa saja yang mempengaruhi produksi teh daun gaharu pada Kelompok Tani Hutan Putra Harapan. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode pendekatan secara kuantitatif, melalui pemanfaatan program SPSS. Responden penelitian adalah pihak yang terlibat secara langsung dalam proses produksi teh sebanyak 8 orang. Proses produksi teh daun gaharu sebagai berikut: tahap pertama pengambilan bahan baku, tahap kedua pemilahan daun gaharu, tahap ketiga pencucian daun, tahap keempat tahap pemotongan, tahap kelima yaitu tahap memasak daun dengan oven, tahap keenam yaitu tahap menghancurkan, tahap ketujuh yaitu packing. Secara parsial bahan baku (X1), modal (X2), dan teknologi (X3) tidak memiliki pengaruh terhadap produksi (Y) sedangkan tenaga kerja (X4) memiliki pengaruh terhadap produksi (Y). Penggunaan tenaga kerja mempengaruhi kualitas dan peningkatan produksi. Sedangkan secara simultan semua variabel bebas mempengaruhi produksi (Y) yakni 90% dan sisanya 10% dipengaruhi variabel lain.
Model Sistem Ketahanan Pangan Rumah Tangga Pedesaan Berbasis Inclusive Closed Loop
Authors: Fitriana Widya , Martius Endry , Analia Devi , Agustar Asdi , Wahyuni Syarfi Ira , Gracia Jorie Donna , Aprilia Dina
Published: May 2024

Pencapaian surplus pangan ternyata tidak otomatis mewujudkan pemenuhan hak pangan bergizi bagi masyarakat. Meningkatnya prevalensi ketidakcukupan pangan pada daerah surplus pangan mengindikasikan bahwa ketahanan pangan merupakan sistem yang kompleks, tidak hanya mencakup produksi, melainkan juga aspek distribusi, pengolahan, dan konsumsi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) mengidentifikasi format bisnis sistem pangan rumah tangga pedesaan; (2) merumuskan model sistem ketahanan pangan berbasis inclusive closed loop. Penelitian dilakukan di Kabupaten Padang Pariaman sebagai daerah surplus pangan namun juga mengalami peningkatan prevalensi ketidakcukupan pangan tahun 2022-2023. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan Rapid Rural Appraisal (RRA) melalui komunikasi langsung secara intensif dengan key informan dari petani, masyarakat, pemerintah, swasta, Gapoktan, dan lembaga keuangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sistem pangan rumah tangga memiliki tiga format bisnis yakni: (1) sistim pangan dengan proses bisnis privat yang beroperasi melalui mekanisme pasar, (2) sistim pangan dengan proses bisnis publik yang berbasis intervensi pemerintah, dan (3) sistim pangan sebagai bisnis masyarakat lokal yang berbasis pada hubungan resiprositas sosial. Ketiga sistem pangan ini eksis di masyarakat dan tidak terpisah secara ekslusif. Ketiga tipe sistem pangan ini melibatkan kemitraan multi aktor yakni petani, pemerintah, perusahaan, koperasi, dan lembaga pembiayaan. Petani sebagai faktor pengungkit utama peningkatan produktifitas. Pemerintah sebagai regulator terkait subsidi, kompensasi, insentif dan penyediaan infrastruktur. Perusahaan sebagai pendamping paraktek pertanian terbaik, Koperasi sebagai lembaga pemberdayaan petani, meningkatkan effisiensi usaha tani dan posisi tawar petani, serta lembaga keuangan sebagai penyedia bantuan modal. Kemitraan multi aktor dari hulu ke hilir yang saling terintegrasi berbasis inclusive closed loop  dapat memperkuat sistem ketahanan pangan daerah.
KOMPONEN-KOMPONEN DAN PERALATAN BANTU MIXER KAPASITAS 6,9 LITER PUTARAN 280 RPM
Authors: Perangin-angin Siwan E. , Hamsi Alfian , Mahadi  , Tugiman  , Sitompul Darwin , Indra
Published: May 2024

Pengadukan (mixing) merupakan suatu aktivitas operasi pencampuran dua atau lebih zat agar diperoleh hasil campuran yang homogen. Pada media fase cair, pengadukan ditujukan untuk memperoleh keadaan yang turbulen. Perancangan mesin mixer dengan menggunakan eleman pemanas ditujukan untuk pengadukan jenis bahan thernoplastik antara campuran LDPE dan remafin blue. Pererencanan Mixer ini meliputi perencanaan motor penggerak, perencaan sabuk, roda gigi, elemen pengaduk, elemen pemanas, sistem inlusin pada bejana aduk dan kelistrikan. daya pengaduk ¼ Hp putaran 2800 rpm dan perbandingan transmisi roda gigi 1;10 menjadikan putaran maksimal 280 rpm. Elemen pemanas yang dipakai jenis stripe heater dengan daya 2400 watt menghasilkan temperatur maksimal 300o C. LDPE adalah sejenis bahan thermoplast dengan suhu didih sekitar 115-120 o C. bahan ini akan diaduk/ dicampurkan dengan remafin blue sebagai pewarna bahan plastik. Pengadukan dilakukan ketika bahan telah dicairakan terlebih dahulu. Dengan kapasitas dari mixer 6,9 liter.
Off line Handwritten Signature Recognition based on Fusion of Global and GLCM Features Using Fuzzy Logic
Authors: Jabur Zamen F.
Published: May 2024

Signature is widely used and developed area of research for personal verification and authentication. In this paper, we present a new offline handwritten signature recognition system based on fusion of global and GLCM (Grey Level Co-occurrence Matrix) features using fuzzy logic system as classifier tool. The global and GLCM features are fused to generate vector of 15 features for the verification of the signature. The test signature is compared with the database signatures based on features, whilst match/non match of signatures is decided with fuzzy logic. The experimental results obtained by using a database of 7 individuals’ signatures. A total number of 70 images are collected for our study and with average 10 signatures for each person, 5 of the signatures are used as training, the remaining 5signatures are used as testing group. The results show that the proposed modular architecture can achieve 100% recognition accuracy for training group and 90.5% recognition accuracy for the testing group with running time is 1.17 second.
Calidad de vida y comportamientos de riesgo en estudiantes universitarios
Authors:   Universidad de Guadalajara, Hidalgo Rasmussen Carlos Alejandro
Published: May 2024

La adolescencia es el periodo de ida en el que los jóvenes tienen experiencias que configuran su futura forma de vivir. Se admite que los estilos de vida aprendidos durante la adolescencia influyen en la calidad de vida que disfruta a lo largo de su existencia. Cabe mencionar que el grupo de edad de los 12 a los 19 años representa más del 20% de la población de México. En ese sentido, el presente libro es resultado de una amplia investigación sobre la calidad de vida de los adolescentes de la UdeG que analiza los comportamientos de riesgo de los estudiantes del Centro Universitario del Sur (CUSur).
Retos y perspectivas de los egresados en la aplicación de los nuevos conocimientos para la transformación social. Memoria del 2 Foro de Egresados y Empleadores
Authors:   Universidad de Guadalajara, Sánchez Campos Arturo , Vázquez  Benítez Albino , González Solís Arturo , Figueroa Meza Lilia del Sagrario
Published: May 2024

La propuesta de avanzar en la mejora de la calidad educativa como un criterio básico, conlleva el análisis constante del quehacer educativo en un sentido bidireccional, aunado a la realización de acciones de estudio y propuestas permanentes acordes con el mercado profesional y los sectores productivos. En ese respecto, este libro compila las opiniones planteadas en torno a los temas del segundo Foro Regional de Egresados y Empleadores organizado por la comunidad del CUCSur en el año 2007, en donde alumnos, académicos, directivos y miembros del sector productivo de la economía se reunieron para debatir el rumbo de la economía jalisciense.
Kako priređivači igara na sreću koriste Facebook u Republici
Hrvatskoj
Authors: Dujmović Lucija
Published: May 2024

Priređivači igara na sreću koriste društvene mreže u svrhu promocije svojih proizvoda i usluga te povećanja angažmana publike. Upravo je Facebook jedna od najpopularnijih društvenih mreža jer ima više starijih i bogatijih korisnika nego neke druge društvene mreže, a igre na sreću ionako, po zakonu, mogu igrati samo punoljetne osobe. Za potrebe ovog znanstvenog rada se istražilo kako priređivači igara na sreću koriste Facebook, kakve poruke najčešće objavljuju i koje riječi se najčešće koriste u porukama. Cilj rada je analizirati Facebook objave priređivača igara na sreću i odabranom sistematizacijom odrediti koji tip objava najčešće koriste u komunikaciji sa svojom publikom na toj društvenoj mreži. Prikupljale su se javno dostupne objave priređivača igara na sreću pomoću Facepagera te se primijenila analiza sadržaja u programskom jeziku R od 1. 3. do 31. 3. 2023.
Promjene u pristupu istraživanja masovnih medija i
medijskih tekstova kroz različite vremenske i kulturne okvire
Authors: Balabanić Ivan
Published: May 2024

Ovaj rad pruža detaljnu analizu teorija medijskog izbora informacija, istražujući kako različiti aspekti unutar medijskih organizacija utječu na selekciju i prezentaciju vijesti. Fokus je na tri glavna pristupa: gatekeeping teorijama, teorijama o informacijskoj vrijednosti vijesti i framing konceptima. Gatekeeping teorije istražuju ulogu pojedinaca unutar medijskih kuća (npr. urednika, novinara) koji odlučuju o sadržaju koji će biti objavljen. Teorije o informacijskoj vrijednosti vijesti koncentriraju se na karakteristike koje informaciju čine privlačnom za javnost, poput aktualnosti, geografske blizine, i značaja događaja. Framing koncepti bave se interpretativnim okvirima kroz koje medijski djelatnici odabiru i oblikuju informacije, oslanjajući se na zajedničke društvene i kulturne obrasce. Rad naglašava da nijedan od ovih pristupa samostalno ne može objasniti složenost medijskog izbora informacija. Integracija različitih teorijskih pristupa pruža bogatiji uvid u mehanizme koji oblikuju medijske sadržaje, reflektirajući složenu dinamiku između individualnih, institucionalnih, sadržajnih i društveno-kulturnih faktora. Kroz ovu sintezu, rad ukazuje na ključnu ulogu medijskih organizacija u oblikovanju informacija koje dosežu javnost, te na njihov utjecaj u oblikovanju društvenih i kulturnih narativa.
Development of an Accelerator Based Determination of Aluminum Burden in Peripheral Bone by Neutron Activation Analysis
Authors: Pejović-Milić Ana , E. McNeill Fiona , Prestwich William V. , Waker A.J. , R. Chettle David
Published: May 2024

[para. 1]: "Aluminum toxicity has been of interest since 1976, when the metal was first associated with a neurological syndrome called dialysis encephalopathy (Alfred, 1984). Since then it has been shown that an increase of aluminum burden in persons with kidney failure is the cause of renal osteodystrophy and osteomalacia (Wills and Savory, 1983). Alzheimer's disease has also been associated with aluminum, due to both finding aluminum in the brain of patients and studies showing an increased risk of AD in regions with high concentrations of aluminum in drinking water (Martyn et al., 1989)."
Monte Carlo design study for in vivo bone aluminum measurement using a low energy accelerator beam
Authors: Pejović-Milić Ana , Arnold M L , E. McNeill Fiona , R. Chettle David
Published: May 2024

The need for aluminum monitoring exists in occupational medicine, as well as for the clinical monitoring of patients with renal dysfunction. After the development of an appropriate neutron source card, Monte Carlo simulations were made to design moderator/reflector assembly consisting of a polyethylene moderator (2 cm) and graphite reflector (30 cm), surrounded by a boronated (5%) wax (20 cm) and lead (1 cm) shield. This design should allow for the bone aluminum measurement of healthy subjects, but prior to that detailed microdosimetry is necessary to address a noticed disagreement between theoretical and experimental dose data.
Ultrasound measurements of overlying soft tissue thickness at four skeletal sites suitable for in vivo X-ray fluorescence
Authors: Pejović-Milić Ana , Brito J A , B. Gyorffy Janelle , R. Chettle David
Published: May 2024

Due to signal attenuation in overlying soft tissue, development of x-ray fluorescence systems to measure low atomic number elements, such as strontium, in human bone required a search for a skeletal site with thin overlying tissue. This paper reports ultrasound measurements of overlying tissue on 10 subjects, at four anatomical sites. The average tissue thickness at the finger was (2.9+/-0.7) mm. The average tissue thicknesses were (3.6+/-0.7) mm, (4.8+/-2.0) mm, and (8.4+/-1.7) mm at forehead, tibia and heel, respectively. Additionally, both parametric and nonparametric approaches to the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and tissue thickness suggest that there is a significant linear correlation between the subject's BMI and overlying tissue at the finger and heel bone. These correlations might be used as a criterion to perform XRF measurements, however a larger data set is required to address these correlations more clearly.
In Vivo measurement of Bone Aluminum: Recent Developments
Authors: Pejović-Milić Ana , Byun Soo Hyun , Comsa D.C. , E. McNeill Fiona , Prestwich William V. , R. Chettle David
Published: May 2024

A biomarker of aluminium accumulation in the human body can play a valuable role in determining health effects of chronic aluminium exposure, complementing other human and environmental monitoring data. In vivo neutron activation provides such a non-invasive biomarker. To date, the best in vivo neutron activation system used thermalised neutrons from a nuclear reactor at Brookhaven National Laboratory, which suffered only slightly from interference from other elements, primarily phosphorus, and from the disadvantage of restricted accessibility. At McMaster, we use a nuclear reaction on an accelerator to select neutron energy, which eliminates the interferences. Spectral decomposition analysis improved sensitivity. A new 4π detection system also enhanced sensitivity. Together these improvements yield a minimum detection limit of 0.24 mgAl in a hand, slightly better than at Brookhaven and equivalent to “normal” levels. Further improvements should result from a new irradiation cavity and from using a higher proton current on the accelerator to shorten irradiation times. The system is now ready for pilot human studies.
Modeling elemental strontium in human bone based on in-vivo x-ray fluorescence measurements in osteoporotic females self-supplementing with strontium citrate
Authors: Moise Helen , Chettle David R. , Pejović-Milić Ana
Published: May 2024

An in-house custom I-125 excited in vivo x-ray fluorescence (IVXRF) system was used to perform bone strontium (Sr) measurements in individuals suffering from osteoporosis and/or osteopenia. These individuals, who were self-administering with Sr supplements of their choice, were measured frequently, ranging from weekly to biweekly to monthly, over four years, as part of the Ryerson and McMaster Sr in Bone Research Study. Based on these data collected, data from eight subjects were used to perform kinetic modeling of Sr in human bone. Power and exponential models were used to model the data based on one and two compartmental systems. Model parameters included: mean normalized baseline bone Sr signal, half-life and bone Sr uptake. A one compartmental exponential model applied to finger and ankle bone measurements gave half-lives of (508 ± 331) d and (232 ± 183) d, respectively, but did not show statistically significant differences (p = 0.087 96). However, the values fall within literature estimates. When a two compartmental model was applied to finger bone measurements, half-lives of (300 ± 163) d and (2201 ± 1662) d were observed. Ankle bone data gave half-lives of (156 ± 117) d and (1681 ± 744) d. A two sample t-test, assuming unequal variances, showed these half-lives to be statistically different in both the finger and ankle bone measurements (p = 0.0147 and p = 0.00711, respectively). Common kinetic parameters amongst the different subjects could not be unambiguously identified due to the wide scatter of data, leading to an inconclusive kinetic model. The wide distribution of data is suggested to be physiological since technical and positioning factors were eliminated as possible causes. This outcome indicates the need for a more controlled study and further understanding of the physiological mechanism of Sr absorption.
Dosimetry of a portable in vivo X-ray fluorescence system using EBT3 radiochromic film
Authors: Gräfe James L , Santos Caryl , Pejović-Milić Ana
Published: May 2024

Purpose. In vivo x-ray fluorescence is a non-invasive analytical technique for determining trace and toxic element exposures. In this work we measure the dose for a portable handheld x-ray system (pXRF). Materials and Methods. We used EBT3 radiochromic film calibrated with a clinical orthovoltage unit for absolute dose measurement. Films were placed on a human phantom and irradiated with the Tracer III-SD pXRF at tube potentials of 40 and 45 kVp with various levels of filtration. Results. Using settings that result in the best detection limits, the highest absorbed point dose to the skin was 0.3 Gy, the equivalent dose to a 1 cm2 area was 54 mSv, and the whole-body effective dose was less than 1 μSv for a standard 3-min in vivo measurement of strontium or lead. Recent work has demonstrated that 1 s and 30 s measurements are feasible for bone strontium measurements, which would lead to significantly lower doses. Conclusions. Our results are in agreement with a previous dosimetry study of another portable x-ray device and indicate that it is safe for in vivo measurements of elements such as strontium and lead, only after appropriate dose validation and with appropriate beam filtration in place.
The Moderating role of Audit Committee Expertise on the relationship between Board Attributes and Earnings Quality
Authors: Obeitoh Ozigi Omoyi , Samaila Ishaq Alhaji , Kantudu Aliyu Sulaiman
Published: May 2024

This study examines the moderating role of audit committee expertise on the relationship between board attributes and earnings quality. The study carries out a panel corrected standard error (PCSE) to address this econometric challenge in an 11-year panel data. The data were sourced from the published annual reports of financial services firms listed on the Nigerian Exchange Group. The findings from the study reveal that board size, board independence, board meeting, board gender diversity, board expertise and audit committee expertise promote various measures of earnings quality. The findings also reveal that audit committee expertise moderates the association between some board attributes and earnings quality. The findings of this study imply that board attributes and audit committee expertise are important factors in promoting earnings quality. From our key findings, the study recommends the inclusion of more women and independent directors on the board as well as improvement in frequency of meeting.
The Enhanced Speech Recognition in Automated Home Lighting System using Adaptive Time-Frequency Domain Noise Removal Algorithm Filter
Authors: Siddik Sk Abu Baker , Wan Husin Wan Nor Al-Ashekin , Muniandy Thagirarani
Published: May 2024

Numerous studies have explored speech recognition performance in Smart Home environments. However speech recognition accuracy diminishes when voice commands are captured in noisy areas of the home. This study aims to enhance speech recognition performance in such noisy environments. Instead of relying on remote control signals, a Bluetooth system is employed for short-range wireless communication to identify speech commands. Various sound levels are measured in decibels (dB) at different distances using the Smart Noise Application. A filter algorithm with Adaptive Filtering is used to minimize unwanted noise. The algorithm uses Adaptive Time-Frequency Domain Noise Removal (TFDNR) to mitigate background noise. Overall, the integrated system comprising Smartphone, Bluetooth, Arduino microcontroller, and noise detection software exhibits improved performance compared to previous studies, highlighting its potential for seamless smart home automation.
Design and Development of an Arduino Based Automated Solar Grass Trimmer
Authors: Thangavel Bhuvaneswari , Venugopal Chitra , Immanuel Sarah , Raja Joseph Emerson , Chua Wei Chern
Published: May 2024

This paper focuses on the design of an Arduino-based Automated Solar Grass Trimmer with a primary emphasis on achieving high operational efficiency. A solar panel is utilized to automatically charge the battery when its level is low. A voltage level indicator circuit is incorporated to assess various battery voltage levels. The prototype integrates ultrasonic sensors for obstacle detection and inductive sensors for boundary detection. To ensure safe operation in the field, a perimeter signal generator circuit is constructed for boundary detection using inductive sensors. Ultrasonic sensors are employed for obstacle detection. The paper introduces an algorithm for detecting obstacles, boundaries, and other impediments in the path of the solar grass trimmer, illustrated through a comprehensive flowchart. Detailed discussions on the voltage level indicator circuit and boundary detection circuits are provided. The implemented algorithm, utilizing an Arduino microcontroller, is tested in the field, and the results are explained in the paper. Tabulated data from the prototype testing, specifically focusing on boundary detection and obstacle detection, demonstrate satisfactory performance.
Las categorías de politización, peronización, partidización y radicalización
Authors: Friedemann Sergio
Published: May 2024

El artículo reconstruye aspectos poco conocidos de la trayectoria de Rolando García relacionados con su desempeño político-profesional en los años 60/70 y su integración al movimiento peronista. A través de fuentes escritas y orales se observarán intervenciones en la revista Ciencia Nueva, su participación al frente del Consejo Tecnológico del Movimiento Nacional Justicialista, su actuación durante la apertura institucional de 1973 y un acercamiento a la organización Montoneros. También se comparten hallazgos respecto de sus primeros encuentros con Perón. Asimismo, el escrito aporta elementos para la problematización de categorías recurrentes en la bibliografía: se argumenta que las ideas de politización del campo académico, peronización de los sectores medios, partidización de la vida universitaria y radicalización política, son el resultado de trabajos de fronterización realizados desde la academia, el ensayo y la intervención política para fortalecer ámbitos de pertenencia y construir alteridades. La noción de frontera resulta así fructífera para dar cuenta de pasajes e hibridaciones entre identidades, ámbitos y tipos de prácticas que no se encuentran separadas a priori.
Estado actual de la evaluación del ciclo de vida ambiental en procesos de soldadura manual por arco metálico (MMAW)
Authors: López Telenchana Luis Stalin , Estrella Vargas Edison Alejandro , Fajardo Maigua Cristhian Leodan , Sáenz Hidalgo Luis Ángel
Published: May 2024

Introducción: en la actualidad la soldadura es uno de los procesos de fabricación más importante en el sector manufacturero, pues une dos o más piezas mediante calentamiento o mediante procesos de fundición, aplicando o no presión. La finalidad de la fabricación por procesos de soldadura es unir materiales para que cumplan requisitos o necesidades de servicio sin que ello implique costo elevados, implicaciones negativas al medio ambiente o efectos adversos a los trabajadores. Es por ello que la evaluación del ciclo de vida (ACV) es una metodología que se aplican a nivel ingenieril para evaluar los distintos impactos ambientales de las tecnologías de soldadura, esta metodología ha sido aplicada en procesos de soldadura manual por arco metálico (MMAW), en donde el consumo excesivo de recursos como electrodos y energía necesaria para fundir los consumibles contribuyen a la generación de impactos ambientales negativos, siendo procesos potenciales de calentamiento global, de creación de ozono fotoquímico y eutrofización. Objetivo: investigar el avance en el estado del arte de las evaluaciones del ciclo de vida ambiental en procesos de soldadura MMAW. Resultados: los resultados del análisis de ciclo de vida ambiental indican que, para un cordón de soldadura de 1 metro de longitud mediante el proceso MMAW se consume mayor cantidad de recursos, como materiales de relleno y revestimientos de electrodos, además de un mayor consumo de energía eléctrica por parte de la máquina de soldar, lo que contribuye a impactos ambientales comparativamente mayores a los generados en otros procesos de soldadura. Conclusiones: se concluyó que la baja velocidad de soldadura y tasa alta de deposición conducen a tiempos elevados de soldadura en procesos MMAW, en consecuencia, la baja productividad y el exceso de recursos generan un mayor impacto al medio ambiente.
Impacto ambiental de los procesos industriales de mecanizado por arranque de viruta con tornos paralelos mediante métodos innovadores: revisión del estado del arte
Authors: López Telenchana Luis Stalin , Estrada Hernández Cynthia Magali , Jurado Robayo Marcus Damiano , Valdez Muñoz Gerardina Rosario
Published: May 2024

Introducción: El mecanizado de metales por arranque de viruta es la técnica fundamental en la industria manufacturera, siendo el torneado el proceso de mecanizado tradicional más común, donde mediante la aplicación de energía mecánica se elimina material de una pieza. Como toda técnica de fabricación, el mecanizado por arranque de viruta produce distintos desechos o también llamados subproductos como: virutas del metal base, fluido de refrigerante, aceite lubricante, polvo metálico y excesivo uso de energía, estos desechos tienen importantes consecuencias para el medio ambiente, por lo que las metodologías para evaluar la afectación ambiental hacen que estos procesos tradicionales sean sostenibles. Objetivo: El presente estudio se propone investigar cómo las innovaciones tecnológicas pueden reducir el impacto ambiental de los procesos industriales de mecanizado por arranque de viruta con tornos paralelos. Metodología: La metodología en la estructuración de la presente investigación corresponde a una revisión exhaustiva de la literatura, seleccionando estudios recientes de alto impacto a través de bases de datos académicas reconocidas. Resultados: Los hallazgos de este estudio destacan que el mecanizado en seco emerge como una técnica clave para eliminar la necesidad de refrigerantes líquidos, abordando así los desafíos ambientales asociados con su disposición y reduciendo la exposición a sustancias potencialmente dañinas. La micro pulverización (MQL) se identifica como una estrategia efectiva para reducir el uso de lubricantes, minimizando la contaminación y los costos operativos al tiempo que mantiene la eficiencia del mecanizado. Además, el enfriamiento criogénico destaca por su capacidad para mejorar la dureza y resistencia al desgaste de las herramientas de corte. Conclusiones: Se concluyó que al integrar tecnologías innovadoras como refrigeración criogénica y la MQL en el sector manufacturero no solo mejora su sostenibilidad ambiental sino también su competitividad económica, representando pasos significativos hacia la reducción de los impactos ambientales adversos de la manufactura.
Prevalence of Obesity and Associated Risk Factors among Rural Adult Population of Puthia Upazilla, Rajshahi
Authors: Yasmin Farhana , Haque Md Jawadul , Biswas Antara , Alam Muhammad Zubayer
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Obesity is a major public health concern in Bangladesh, driven by socioeconomic factors, lifestyle choices, physical activity levels, and demographics. The influence of technology and industrialization has disrupted behavioral patterns among rural residents, leading to increased susceptibility to weight gain and non-communicable diseases. To gain precise insights, a cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the prevalence of obesity and identify specific risk factors among rural adults.
Methods: From September to November 2022, this study was carried out at the Rajshahi Medical College's Department of Community Medicine. Data were gathered by conducting face-to-face interviews with the rural adult population of Puthia Upazilla, Rajshahi, aged 18 to 59.In all, 548 people from Rajshahi's Puthia Upazilla took part in the survey.
Result: In this study, respondents had a mean age of 38.84 (±12) years. About 39.78% were overweight, and 14.23% were obese based on BMI. The mean BMI was 25.07 (±5.17) kg/m². Around 20.9% of males and 27.9% of females had a higher risk based on waist-hip ratio. Approximately 43.6% were highly active, while 36.86% had low physical activity levels. About 1.6% reported taking anti-depressant drugs. Around 31.4% consumed fried food 1 to 3 times weekly, and 35.2% drank milk occasionally. Regarding salt intake, 32.1% added salt daily to their meals. The relationship between physical activity and BMI (p<.001) and between physical activity and waist-hip ratio (p<.001) was statistically significant in the analysis.
Conclusion: This study's findings can inform policymakers about rural obesity rates and related factors. They can then take steps to raise awareness among rural populations about physical activity and healthy eating.
TAJ 2023; 36: No-2: 47-56
Placental Morphological Pattern in Diabetic Pregnant Women in Comparison to Non-diabetic Pregnant Women
Authors: Khanom Most Ishita , Jomrud Mohol Fatima , Sharmin Shahin , Fariya Saian , Tahura Saraban , Muhammad Reza Abul Bashar , Anzum Afrida
Published: May 2024

Background: The placenta of diabetic women has attracted much interest to the researchers from different disciplines, largely because it is thought that placental damage or dysfunction may be partially responsible for the unduly high incidence of perinatal complications in maternal diabetes. As postnatal placental examination is of immense significance to understand the fetal and perinatal conditions in antenatal and perinatal periods due to placental dysfunction or compromise resulting from diabetes in pregnancy.
Objectives: The aim of this study was toinvestigate the morphological changes in placenta of pregestational and gestational diabetes mellitus.
Methods: This cross-sectional comparative study was carried out in the Department of Anatomy, Rajshahi Medical College, Rajshahi in collaboration with the Department of Obstetrics & Gynae, Rajshahi Medical College Hospital and Diabetic Hospital Rajshahi, Bangladesh over a period of three years from January 2019 to December 2021. The study was conducted on 70 pregnant women, among them 35 women were diabetic and 35 women were non-diabetic. Then shape, weight, thickness and diameter of placenta were compared between diabetic and non-diabetic pregnant women. Data were analyzed by SPSS software, version 24 and p value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant for all tests.
Results: The study revealed that majority of the diabetic mothers (54.3%) and non-diabetic mothers (60%) were within the age range of 20-30 years. The BMI of diabetic mothers was 27.7±1.8 kg/m2 and non-diabetic mothers was 26.7±1.7 kg/m2. The shape of the placenta was not affected by pregestational diabetes or GDM with oval-shaped placenta being predominant in either group (p = 0.478). Forty percent of the placenta from diabetic mothers were heavier (weighed > 500 gm) as compared to 5.7% of placenta from the non-diabetic pregnant women (p = 0.001). Over two-thirds (68.6%) of the placenta of the former group were larger (≥ 400 cc) as opposed to 14.3% of the non-diabetic mothers (p < 0.001). Thickness and diameter of the placenta were fairly comparable between the study groups (p = 0.445 and p = 0.164, respectively).
Conclusion: The study concluded that placentas of diabetic mothers are significantly larger and heavier than those of the non-diabetic mothers. Thickness and diameter of the placenta were also greater in pregnant mothers with diabetes or GDM than those in non-diabetic mothers.
TAJ 2023; 36: No-2: 129-134
Paragenesis Mineral Bijih pada Endapan Epitermal Sulfidasi Tinggi Area Gunung Budheg, Kabupaten Tulungagung, Provinsi Jawa Timur
Authors: Pratomo Septyo Uji
Published: May 2024

Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui paragenesis mineral yang membentuk endapan epitermal sulfidasi tinggi. Lokasi penelitian terletak di daerah Gunung Budheg, Kecamatan Campurdarat, Kabupaten Tulungagung, Provinsi Jawa Timur. Metode penelitian yang digunakan antara lain: pengamatan megaskopis pada sampel batuan setangan (hand specimen) dan sampel slab, pengamatan mikroskopi bijih, dan geokimia (FA-AAS). Endapan epitermal sulfidasi tinggi pada area ini dicirikan dengan adanya tekstur vuggy pada zona silisifikasi yang terisi oleh mineral-mineral sulfida dengan tahap paragenesis: tetrahedrit, pirit, kalkopirit, bornit, dan galena, serta kovelit yang terbentuk pada tahap akhir sebagai hasil oksidasi yang berasosisasi dengan hematit. Hasil geokimia pada area ini menunjukkan kadar logam: Au berkisar antara 0,03—2,45 ppm, Ag <0,5—19 ppm, Cu 19—148 ppm, Pb <5—1.520 ppm, dan Zn <5—520 ppm.
Kata kunci: epitermal sulfidasi tinggi, paragenesis mineral, Gunung Budheg, Tulungagung
Early Detection of Peripheral Neuropathy by Assessment of Sudomotor Function
Authors:   Department of Surgery, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92868, USA., Whaley, David , Danev Slav ,   Medeia Inc, Santa Barbara, CA, USA., Alexander Michael ,   Department of Surgery, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92868, USA., Lakey Jonathan R.T. ,   Department of Surgery, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92868, USA.,   Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.
Published: May 2024

Chronic hyperglycemia in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes commonly lead to diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) which commonly affects small nerve fibers, including autonomic sudomotor nerves, of the lower limbs. DPN results from nerve damage leading to gradual onset of foot pain, tingling, numbness, muscle weakness, extreme sensitivity to touch, and heat intolerance. Peripheral neuropathy is associated with increased all-cause mortality and morbidities such as foot ulcers, poor wound healing, local and systemic infection, limb amputation, and painful neuropathic symptoms. DPN is also typically diagnosed during later stages when disease progression has already led to irreversible nerve damage and associated severe symptoms. As such, early detection of peripheral neuropathy is important in implementing early interventions and can help preserve nerve function and prevent serious complications of DPN. Non-invasive methods of testing for early DPN rely on assessment of sudomotor nerve function. One method includes quantitative sudomotor axon reflex test (QSART) which measures postganglionic sympathetic function via iontophoresis which allows quantification of sweat production, and by extension, autonomic function. In general, QSART provides a non-invasive, reproducible, and precise evaluation of autonomic function in both controls and diabetics. It can be used to evaluate a large number of autonomic diseases, and the quantitative data it generates provides a measure of the extent and location of the peripheral neuropathy in each individual. Another assessment method includes the sympathetic skin response (SSR) test which measures the change in electrical potential of the skin which itself comes from activated eccrine sweat glands. The SSR test has a well-established protocol, and the results are easily-measured, and the results are quantifiable. It can be used reliably in the diagnosis of numerous autonomic disorders including DPN where a diminished or absent response correlate with sudomotor nerve damage. SudoCheck by VitalScan is an FDA-cleared, non-invasive autonomic sdomotor assessment tool that combines QSART, SSR, BIA, and EIS to provide rapid results with a specificity of 95% and a sensitivity of 80%. It was created to enable a precise evaluation of sweat gland function, and by extension, the presence and progression of diabetic peripheral neuropathy including early sub-clinical disease
The Neuroscience of Habit Formation
Authors:   Wyatt-Potage Consulting, Mauritius, Wyatt Zoe
Published: May 2024

Habit formation transcends merely changing behaviors; it's a multifaceted journey encompassing neurobiology, psychology, and the environment. This article explores the complex intersection between individual neurobiology, neuroplasticity, cultural context, and lifestyle choices in shaping our habits. While the "habit loop" orchestrates the solidification of routines through repetition and reward, individual differences in neuroplasticity necessitate personalized approaches. Individuals may benefit from structured routines and reminders, while interventions like CBT leverage self-awareness to disrupt habitual responses. Furthermore, culture acts as a powerful lens through which we evaluate our actions and form habits. Societal norms, values, and practices deeply influence the habits we adopt and maintain. Habits aligned with these expectations and supported by community systems are more likely to persist. Lifestyle factors like meditation, mindfulness, sleep, sunlight, and exercise also play a crucial role in shaping the neural landscape for habit formation and are explored in this article. By acknowledging the interplay between neurobiology, cultural context, and lifestyle choices, individuals can design personalized habit-formation strategies. This holistic approach empowers individuals to cultivate and sustain positive behaviors, ultimately leading to a life shaped by deliberate and mindful habits that contribute to well-being and personal growth.
Subcortical Aphasia
Authors:   Department of Human Communication, Mexican Institute for Social Insurance, Mexico City, Mexico, Rodríguez, Carolina Berenice Anízar Rodríguez, , Ugalde Dulce María Mendoza ,   Department of Audiology and Otoneurology, Mexican Institute for Social Insurance, Mexico City, Mexico, Murphy Ruíz Paulina Concepción ,   Department of Speech Pathology, National Rehabilitation Institute, Mexico City, Mexico, Hernández Blanca Isabel Pérez ,   Department of Audiology and Otoneurology, Mexican Institute for Social Insurance, Mexico City, Mexico City, Mexico, García Tecpa Rodolfo Ariel ,   Department of Audiology and Otoneurology, Mexican Institute for Social Insurance, Mexico City, Mexico, Waizel Haiat Salomón ,   Department of ENT and Audiology, Mexican Institute for Social Insurance, Mexico City, Mexico
Published: May 2024

Aphasia, a language deficit caused by an acquired cerebral lesion was initially believed to be triggered exclusively by cortical damage. However, recent findings have confirmed that aphasia can also arise from subcortical lesions. This paper presents a case of a 53-year-old man with acquired language impairment associated with a lesion in the left lenticular nucleus caused by a hemorrhagic cerebrovascular event. The patient exhibited clinical and imaging characteristics consistent with subcortical aphasia of the thalamic and striato-capsular type. Subcortical structures are increasingly recognized for their involvement in language processing, alongside the cerebral cortex. Despite current acceptance of subcortical aphasia, there are limited studies on this type of aphasia and its interlinguistic variations. Consequently, extensive research is warranted to gain a better understanding of it as a clinical entity.
Effects of Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation on Cardio-Respiratory Functions After Aerobic Exercise
Authors: Güçlüer Ezgi Övünç , Ural İbrahim Halil , Özden Ali Veysel , Alptekin Hasan Kerem , Hatık Sefa Haktan
Published: May 2024

The aim of our study is to find out whether the return rate of parasympathetic activity (PA) can be accelerated with auricular transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation (TVNS). Pulmonary function test, ANS activity, pulse and blood pressure measurements were made. Individuals ran for 15 minutes. Those in the TVNS group received 5 minutes of auricular VNS. In the control group, headphones were attached but no current was given. After the end of their procedures, they were compared with pre-exercise. In the TVNS group, the pulse parameter was higher than in the initial measurement (p=0.001). There was a significant (p=0.007) rise in the FEV1 value in the VNS group. The sympathetic nervous system (SNS) index (p<0.05) increased in both groups when compared to the initial measurement, although there was no significant difference in the index values between the groups. The TVNS group showed an increase from the first measurement (p<0.05), but there was no significant difference in the parasympathetic nervous system (PNS) Index between the groups (p>0.05). The groups' values for the first and second measures were equal (p>0.05), and the root mean square of the successive differences (RMSSD) values did not reveal a significant difference. TVNS can improve respiratory parameters in healthy individuals in the acute period after exercise, and it seems that it can also increase activation in both the sympathetic and parasympathetic system. It can be stated that TVNS may lead to variable results in different circumstances in sports
Efek Proteksi Mendengarkan, Membaca, dan Menghafal Al-Qur'an terhadap Demensia
Authors: Royhan Aan , Muhammad Astiwara Endy , Mukhtar Diniwati , Samsul Mustofa Muhammad , Marsiati Himmi
Published: May 2024

Demensia merupakan penyakit dengan penurunan fungsi kognitif yang dapat memengaruhi memori dan tingkah laku. Sampai saat ini, pengobatan demensia belum menunjukkan hasil yang memuaskan, sehingga terapi pencegahan primer menjadi alternatif terbaik. Pencegahan primer difokuskan pada pemeliharaan kesehatan mental dan fungsi kognitif, salah satunya dengan kegiatan menghafal, membaca dan mendengarkan Al-Qur’an. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji efek proteksi Al-Qur’an terhadap demensia dalam perspektif ilmu kesehatan, ilmu biomedik, dan hukum Islam. Kajian ini menggunakan metode studi literatur dengan mengumpulkan data dari berbagai sumber, seperti jurnal ilmiah, buku, dan artikel ilmiah. Hasil dari studi literatur menunjukkan bahwa kebiasaan rutin menghafal Al-Qur’an berpengaruh terhadap fungsi memori jangka pendek, kecerdasan intelektual dan emosional. Rutinitas membaca Al-Qur’an menurunkan tekanan darah, menurunkan tingkat stres dan meningkatkan kebahagiaan, menjaga kestabilan emosi, menurunkan tingkat depresi, dan meningkatkan kecerdasan emosional. Memperdengarkan atau memberikan paparan murottal Al-Qur’an pada orang sehat maupun orang sakit telah menjadi terapi tambahan di beberapa negara muslim karena secara signifikan dapat menurunkan stres, derajat hipertensi, skala nyeri, meningkatkan sistem imun dan hormon β-endorphin. Suara Al-Qur’an yang dipaparkan pada hewan coba dan kultur sel dilaporkan secara signifikan dapat menurunkan tingkat stres oksidatif, meningkatkan proliferasi neuron dan volume otak, sehingga dapat dijadikan alternatif pencegahan primer terhadap demensia.
Strategi Pemerintah Desa Dalam Meningkatkan Partisipasi Perempuan dalam Proses Musyawarah Perencanaan Pembangunan Infrastruktur Desa di Desa Sagulubbek, Kabupaten Mentawai 2019
Authors: Agustina
Published: May 2024

This study will explain the participation of women in a village infrastructure development planning consultation (musrembang) in Sagulubbek Village, Southwest Siberut District, Mentawai Islands Regency. The method used in this study is a qualitative method, with data collection techniques through virtual in-depth interviews and literature studies. Women's participation is involvement in a political activity, organization, or about musrembang which involves the community, especially women, where there needs to be an increase involvement in village infrastructure musrembang. The results of this study indicate that women do not participate in development planning activities, due to lack of knowledge, experience and understanding in such a deliberation so that women do not participate. In addition, there is minimal education, such as non-formal education from the village government, as well as socialization about the infrastructure development planning process itself. In addition, in participating in the infrastructure musrembang, women are less likely to give their aspirations and opinions in the infrastructure musrembang process. In this case, there is a village government strategy, such as giving authority to each hamlet head to submit information and socialization regarding the village infrastructure development consultation that has been carried out in the infrastructure development development plan of the Sagulubbek village. In addition, the BPD formed a Special Community Empowerment Institute organization for women to participate in illiterate literacy activities, apart from these activities, women also participated in vegetable planting activities as well as cultivating and producing coconut oil for sale.
Perempuan dan Kebijakan Publik : Urgensi RUU Tindak Pidana Kekerasan Seksual
Authors: Jovani Audra
Published: May 2024

Pasca disetujuinya Rancangan Undang-Undang Tindak Pidana Kekerasan Seksual (RUU TPKS) sebelumnya Rancangan Undang-Undang Penghapusan Kekerasan Seksual (RUU PKS) sebagai RUU inisiatif Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat (DPR) diawal tahun 2022 ini, pemerintah dan masyarakat bernafas lega karena sudah sejak tahun 2016 RUU ini diajukan namun baru diawal tahun ini DPR RI menyetujui RUU ini sebagai inisiatif DPR. Selain karena hambatan proses yang terjadi di parlemen oleh partai yang menerima dan menolak RUU ini, tingginya korban menjadi prioritas harus disahkannya RUU ini. Artikel ini berusaha menjelaskan urgensi RUU ini sebagai kebijakan publik yang berperspektif korban atau melindungi korban kekerasan seksual. Artikel ini menggunakan data dari studi literatur, hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa alotnya pembahasan kebijakan ini disebabkan perbedaan persepsi tentang kekerasan seksual dan pembuat kebijakan (policy maker) kurang berperspektif korban, padahal kebijakan ini harus segera disahkan untuk melindungi korban yang sebagian besar adalah perempuan dan anak
Fenomena KDRT dan Praktik Mahar di Kampung Ndilek Lamba Leda, NTT
Authors: Widyawati Fransiska , Floriana Sesil Dianti
Published: May 2024

Various study attributes the bride-wealth culture as a significant factor in the prevalence of domestic violence (KDRT) in East Nusa Tenggara. This essay challenges the initial research findings by exploring the causes of instances of domestic abuse that took place in Ndilek Village, Lamba Leda District, NTT Province. The research employed a qualitative methodology, utilizing in-depth interviews as the primary means of data gathering. This study discovered that the bride-wealth culture within the Manggarai community in East Nusa Tenggara can potentially serve as the underlying cause of domestic violence, albeit only in specific circumstances. Furthermore, it is important to note that the mere practice of the bride-wealth culture does not necessarily result in violence within the marital household. Furthermore, there are several influential elements, apart from dowry, that contribute to domestic violence. These include economic circumstances, individual traits, extramarital affairs, gambling and alcohol abuse, as well as the level of maturity exhibited by the married couple. This study suggests that bride-wealth system can contribute to domestic violence, but it is not the primary factor. Several triggering factors unrelated to dowry have a more prominent role in situations of domestic violence. Due to this dichotomy, this study suggests that communities endorsing the tradition should effectively and equitably execute cultural customs to prevent them from becoming a catalyst for marital violence or other home issues. In addition, in order to completely eradicate domestic violence, it is crucial to effectively treat the underlying roots of this issue.