bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research of Monitoring Deterioration of Milk by Using Surface Tension Coefficient and Viscosity
Authors: Mai Zhi Jie , Lin Fang , Fan Jian Ming
Published: February 2012

Nutrient-rich milk is the natural medium, easy to spoilage. Some physical parameters will change with milk deterioration such as density, viscosity, surface tension coefficient, light transmittance, etc. Detecting these physical parameters is useful to monitoring the deteriorate degree of milk. This article focuses on the surface tension efficient and viscosity of milk by monitoring its deteriorate process. The experimental results show that deterioration of milk is indeed accompanied with the change of surface tension coefficient and viscosity. In compare with surface tension coefficient, viscosity dramatically change after deterioration.
Screening of a L-Lactic Acid Producing Strain of Lactobacillus Casei by Low-Energy Ion Implantation
Authors: Li Shi Chang , Zhu Zhao Yang , Gu Shao Bin , Liu Hong Xia , Wang Dong Dong
Published: February 2012

Low-energy ion implantation is a new mutation source, which has the characteristic of light damage, high mutation rate, and a broad spectrum mutation. In order to obtain industrial strain with high L-(+)-lactic acid yield, the original strain Lactobacillus casei CICC6028 was mutated by nitrogen ion beam implantation. It was found that the original strain had a higher positive mutation rate when the output power was 10keV and the dose of N+ implantation was 50×2.6×1013 ions/cm2. The mutant N-2 was obtained for many times screening and its yield of L-(+)-lactic acid was 136 g/L which was improved by 38.8% compared with the original strain whose yield of L-(+)-lactic acid was 98g/L as the cultivation time was 120h. The initial screening methods were also studied in this work but it was found that the transparent halos method was unavailable, so the initial screening was performed by shake flask fermentation. HPLC chromatogram was used to analyse the purity of L-(+)-lactic acid that was produced by the mutant strain N-2, and the result indicated the main production of N-2 was L-(+)-lactic acid and there was no other acid almost.
Fabrication of Nano-Al2O3/Ni Composite Particle with Core-Shell Structure by a Modified Electroless Plating Process
Authors: Zheng Hai Zhong , Mo Yan , Liu Wen Bin
Published: February 2012

Ni/Al2O3nanoparticles with core-shell structure were fabricated by a new route for electroless nickel plating. It is found that ultrasonic radiation can promote the plating reaction more efficiently. The Ni-coated Al2O3composite powders with a core-shell structure were synthesized and the thin Ni layer on the a-Al2O3powder was about 5 nm thick. However, during electroless nickel plating without ultrasonic wave treatment, a core-shell structure was also formed, but aggregation of the particles and self-decomposition were observed.
Structure Characterization of Polymer/Oriented Graphite Nanosheet Composite by Electric Field-Inducement
Authors: Zhang Hong Yan , Wang Hai Quan
Published: February 2012

Graphite nanosheets (GNs) prepared by sonicating expanded graphite were homogeneously dispersed in unsaturated polyester resin using sonication. The dispersion with a curing agent was then subjected to a dc electric field, followed by crosslinking, to fabricate a polymer/GN composite film. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that the GNs in the film were oriented parallel to the electric field. UV-VIS measurements indicated that the optical properties of the field-induced composite film showed significant improvement in visible light transmittance compared with those prepared without the electric field.
Synthesis and Characterizations of Monodispersed Nanotriangle of Gold
Authors: Zhang Kai Cheng , Zhao Si Ying
Published: February 2012

Monodispersed nanotriangles of gold have been prepared by a simple reaction between HAuCl4·4H2O, KOH and NH2OH·HCl in the presence of gelatin. Gelatin played a decisive role as an inhibitor of the direct reaction of NH2OH with AuCl4- and coagulation of the growing gold in producing the triangle. In the absence of gelatin, we can only obtain irregular large gold particles. The products were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction, transmission electron microscopy and UV-visible absorption spectroscopy.
Study on the Precipitation Polymerization of Acrylamide and Methacrylic Acid in Ethanol by Conductimetry: Phase- Separation Prior to Polymerization
Authors: Li Min , Ni Hen Mei
Published: February 2012

Conductimetry was employed to investigate the precipitation polymerization of acrylamide/methacrylic acid (AAm/MAA) in ethanol (EtOH). The conductivity change vs. temperature of AAm/MAA-EtOH as well as the effects of monomer ratio and monomer concentration was studied. An abrupt decrease of conductivity in AAm/MAA-EtOH was observed at ca 25°C, indicating the phase separation of monomers and EtOH. As the ratios of AAm/MAA increased from 2/1 to 5/1 (wt/wt), the phase separation temperature increased from 22 to 31°C. The higher the monomers concentration, the temperature of phase separation is lower. These results proved that the lyophobicity of methyl group of MAA dominated the phase separation and the precipitation polymerization system of AAm/MAA-EtOH, by which the microspheres were prepared, was heterogeneous prior to the polymerization.
Effects of ZrO2 Fiber on the Mechanical Properties of Nano-ZrO2/Al2O3 Ceramic Composite
Authors: Ge He Yi , Liu Jian Ye , Hou Xian Qin , Liu Hua Shi , Wang Dong Zhi
Published: February 2012

The effects of nano-ZrO2, ZrO2fiber and sintering additives on the mechanical properties of Al2O3ceramic composite were investigated by means of orthogonal experimental design. Meanwhile, the effect of environmental temperature on flexural strength of Al2O3ceramic composite was tested. XRD and SEM were used to analyze the microstructure. The results showed that the content of ZrO2fiber had the greatest effect on flexural strength and fracture toughness, followed by the content of nano-ZrO2. Nano-ZrO2made the crystalline grains of Al2O3smaller. ZrO2fiber pulled out from Al2O3matrix could consume energy of crack and increase the flexual strength and toughness of ceramic composite.
Impact of Immersion Depth of Ultrasonic Horn on Acoustic Field Distribution Using Thermoelectric Probe
Authors: Dong Hong Xing , Yang Xiao Guang , Yue Guo Jun , Tang Jin Yong , Lv Yuan , Liu Wen Xin
Published: February 2012

Ultrasonic cavitation is at the origin of kinetics and yield improvement of ultrasound-assisted chemical processes. Character of ultrasonic field plays a potential role in choosing the best conditions for ultrasound-assisted chemical processes. In this paper, acoustic field distribution was measured with a thermoelectric probe in a 500mL flask filled with distilled water. A 40kHz ultrasonic horn was used and the temperature signal was measured at different locations, including axial and radial directions along the horn. The immersion depth of ultrasonic horn was investigated with ultrasonic power at 250W and 300W. We concluded that at the same power, when the immersion depth was 3cm, the intensity reached maximum.
Influence of Photoinitiator Sensitometric Characteristic on Light-Thermal Sensitive Microcapsule Materials
Authors: Li Xiao Wei , Li Xin Zheng , Lai Wei Dong , Bai Bing
Published: February 2012

The light-thermal sensitive microcapsule is synthesized by interfacial polymerization method. Photoinitiator sensitometric characteristic effecting on the light-thermal sensitive microcapsule is analyzed from light curing and imaging density. The curing property and imaging density of the light-thermal sensitive microcapsule are studied by FT-IR and thermal imaging technique. Results of the infrared spectra show that the free radicals induce the unsaturated-C=CH bond of encapsulated trimethylol propane triacrylate (TMPTA) crosslinking, when the microcapsules are exposed. But curing rate and degree of photopolymer TMPTA induced by photoinitiators is distinctly difference at the same exposure times. The results also show that the light curing has relations with the light absorption ability of photoinitiator and the exposure light. Thermal imaging results show that the developing density of light-thermal sensitive microcapsule gradually decreases with the exposure time prolonging, because photopolymer curing production forms the parcel role for dye precursor and decreases the combination opportunities of dye precursor and developer. The results of thermal imaging are consistent with that of the infrared spectrum. When microcapsule samples are exposed by high pressure mercury lamp light, the initiation efficiency of Irgacure 907 is more than that of Irgacure 184.
Adsorption Behaviour of PEGylated Gold Nanoparticles to Different Surfaces Probed by CV Monitoring
Authors: Mustafa Damra E. , Fan Hua , Zhou Xuan , Tu Hai Yang , Zhang Ai Dong
Published: February 2012

Non-adsorption of water dispersible gold nanoparticles (GNPs) is a major concern in its widely labeling applications. This paper presents the investigation of the adsorption properties of GNPs with superficially tethered ferrocene functions to different surfaces. The GNPs were coated with a mixed monolayer of PEG-thiol and progargyl PEG-thiol, and the later was linked with a ferrocene moiety (Fc) through the alkyne-azide click reaction. The adsorption behaviors of the Fc-GNP to glassy carbon, gold and platinum electrodes, in the absence and presence of a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) or protein layer, were studied by cyclic voltammetry (CV). It was found that the bare gold electrode possessed higher adsorption capacity. However, the adsorption was either reduced or completely prevented when the gold electrode was modified with monolayers of 2-mercaptoethanol (ME), dodecanethiolate (DT) and PEG-thiol. The electroactive and water dispersible GNPs with Fc labels allows us to use CV to explore the interaction between these GNP and bovine serum albumin (BSA). The BSA modified electrode resulted in better resistant to adsorption compared to other modifiers coated electrodes. Thus, the study of non-specific interaction by CV was found effective when compared to results obtained by surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and FTIR.
A Research on Separation Mechanism of Cylindrical Hydrocyclone
Authors: Lu Xiao Jiang , Yang Xiang
Published: February 2012

Using the Fiber Quantity Analyzer (FQA) for analysis of the paper pulp fiber moving in the Cylindrical Hydrocyclone, making use of the way of Limited Element Analysis and Calculation Fluid Dynamic for the numerical simulation of the velocity distribution of moving process. Based on the mathematic model of it, point out the idea of design on the geometric parameters of the cylindrical hydrocyclone. The result show, the suit length of pole is benefit to improve the machine handle ability and separation efficiency.
Rapid Fabrication of ZnS Thin Film and Microsphere by Microwave-Assisted Chemical Solution Method
Authors: Li Jian Min , Zhang Long Long , Li Ling Yu , Xu Hai Yan
Published: February 2012

A rapid preparation route, microwave-assisted chemical solution method, has been developed for the fabrication of zinc sulfide (ZnS) thin film and powder with shape of microsphere. The as-obtained products were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and optical measurement. XRD results indicated that the structures of as-obtained products are wurtzite. The SEM and AFM photographs show that uniform ZnS microsphere with size of less than 1 μm and homogeneous thin film could be obtained from solution under adequate conditions with thiourea as sulfide source. The results show that microwave-assisted chemical solution method is really a time saving method to fabricate the ZnS thin film and nanostructured microspheres.
Two-Dimensional Neutral Framework Generated from Mixed Organic Ligands: Structure and Magnetic Properties
Authors: Chen Rui Xin , Xu Ling Yan , Sun Chang Feng
Published: February 2012

A new two-dimensional neutral framework generated from mixed organic ligands [Cu3(1,2,4-BTC)2(4,4/-bipy)(H2O)4] (where1,2,4-BTC = 1,2,4-benzenetricarboxylate), has been prepared under hydrothermal condition and characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction and magnetic susceptibilities. Its structure contains two different one-dimensional chains for the Cu ions, namely [Cu2(1,2,4-BTC)2]n2n-and [Cu (4,4/-bipy)]n2n+, respectively; the carboxylate of 1,2,4-BTC ligands links the two different 1-D chains into a interesting steplike supramolecular neutral framework, which exists ferromagnetic interactions between the copper centers.
Studies on Surface Preparation Systems for Polyurea Protective Coating of Beijing-Shanghai High Speed Railway Bridge Concrete Beams
Authors: Huang Wei Bo , Liu Xu Dong , Jing Zhang , Lu Ping
Published: February 2012

.The comprehensive performance of three kinds of surface preparation systems of polyurea coatings for Beijing-Shanghai High-Speed Railway bridge concrete beams’ protection both in situ and in lab were studied in this paper. The pull-off test and visual inspection were used to determine the adhesion and coverage effect of the bug hole of shot blasted concrete surface. Adhesion tests were conducted both in situ and in lab over a period of 1 year. Five failure models were identified based on the failure mechanisms observed during the tests. It showed that, the adhesion strength of Qtech-112 system increased initially (from 2.7 to 4.8 MPa) and then tended to be stable (about 4.5MPa) both in lab and in situ, E1 and E2 system increased initially (from 1.2 to 1.9 MPa) then decreased to 1.3 MPa under low temperature. The tack free time of Qtech-112 was about 3 hours less than E1 and E2 system. Accordingly, the adhesion and tack-free time of epoxy based system (E1, E2) was very sensitive to application temperature and humidity in jobsite. Polyurethane based system (Qtech-112) have a good adhesion and surface coverage effect to concrete surfaces than epoxy based system under the same ambient condition, it showed an excellent comprehensive performance than epoxy one (E1, E2) both in adhesion and in elimination of pinhole for upcoming polyurea application.
Effect of Support on the Hydrogenation of Ethyl Lactate over Ruthenium Catalysts
Authors: Feng Jian , Xiong Wei , Jia Yun , Wang Jin Bo , Liu De Rong , Qin Rui Xiang
Published: February 2012

The hydrogenation of biomass-derived ethyl lactate was studied over several ruthenium catalysts. The effect of support (TiO2, SiO2, γ-Al2O3, NaY and active-carbon) on the catalytic performance was evaluated. The ruthenium catalysts were characterized by inductively coupled plasma (ICP), N2 physisorption, powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The catalytic performance of the ruthenium catalysts is dependent on the intrinsic property of the support. Ru/SiO2 was found to be an efficient catalyst for the hydrogenation of ethyl lactate to 1,2-propanediol (1,2-PDO).
Degradation of ABS in ABS/CaCO3 Composites during Reprocessing
Authors: Bai Xiao Juan , Wu Zhe , Feng Nan
Published: February 2012

Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (ABS)/CaCO3 composites were reprocessed under normal conditions. The effects of reprocessing on the degradation of ABS were investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and gel permeation chromatography (GPC). The mechanical properties of the reprocessed materials were measured. In this paper, a method to evaluate the degradation of ABS in ABS/CaCO3 composites by FTIR was described. The results show that within the range of the reprocessing cycles studied, as the number of reprocessing cycles increased, the impact strength of composite was significantly reduced if the content of CaCO3 is lower than 10%, due to the degradation of rubber phase. However, the impact strength was almost unchanged when the content of CaCO3 was higher than 15%.
Macro Kinetics of N-Phosphonomethyliminodiacetic Acid Catalytic Oxidation
Authors: Bao Yan , Wu Jia , Hu Xiao Ping
Published: February 2012

The oxidation of N-phosphonomethyliminodiacetic acid (PMIDA) to prepare glyphosate (PMG) over active carbon was investigated. Experiments were carried out with O2 as the oxidizing agent in a 150-mL autoclave made in stainless steel, with reaction temperature ranging from 323.15 to 353.25K and the pressure from 0.12 to 0.40 MPa. The macro kinetic model of the reactions in series was developed, and the pre-exponential factor and activation energy were estimated from the measured data in experiments. The influence of dissolved oxygen concentration was also considered in this macro kinetic model. The results indicated that the two step reactions are all one-order to reactant (PMIDA or PMG) and 0.3 or 0.07 to O2 respectively. The active energy was 12.98kJ/mol for the first step reaction and 10.87kJ/mol for the second step reaction.
A pH-Sensitive Poly (2-(Acryloyloxy) Propanoic Acid) Hydrogel and its Drug Release Behaviors
Authors: Deng Kui Lin , Huang Chun Yuan , Ren Xiao Bo , Gou Yu Bo , Zhong Hai Bin , Zhang Peng Fei , Jiang Chun Yan
Published: February 2012

A novel pH-sensitive poly (2-(acryloyloxy) propanoic acid) hydrogel (PAPA) synthesized from lactic acid by radical polymerization has been investigated in this work. The structure of prepared monomer2-(acryloyloxy) propanoic acid) (APA) has been characterized by FTIR and1H-NMR measurements. PAPA hydrogel demonstrated an obvious pH sensitivity in its swelling in the range of 4-7 pH of phosphate buffer solution (PBS). The rapid response of the hydrogel makes it suitable for drug delivery application. Here, salicylic acid (SA) selected as a model drug, thein-vitrodrug release as a function of pH and temperature was studied systematically. The cumulative release of salicylic acid reached up to 86.6% in pH=7.4 PBS at 37.0°C within 550min. In pH=2.1 PBS, however, only 26.6% drug was released from the pH-sensitive PAPA on the same conditions.
QSPR Study on the Soil-Water Partition Coefficient of Polychlorinated Biphenyls by Using Artificial Neural Network
Authors: Jiao Long
Published: February 2012

A practicable quantitative structure property relationship (QSPR) model for predicting the soil-water partition coefficient, Koc, of 16 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) was developed. The structure of the investigated PCBs is encoded by five quantum structural descriptors and on topological index. The calibration model of Koc was developed by using artificial neural network (ANN). The input variables of ANN were generated from 6 structural descriptors by using principal component analysis (PCA). Leave one out cross validation was carried out to assess the predictive ability of the developed model. The prediction RMS%RE for the 16 PCBs is 6.35. The R2 between the predicted and experimental logKoc is 0.8522. It is demonstrated that ANN combined with PCA is a practicable method for developing QSPR model for Koc of these PCBs.
Thermodynamic and Kinetic Study on Lithium Bis(Oxalato)Borate Thermal Decomposition Reaction
Authors: Ping Ping , Wang Qing Song , Sun Jin Hua , Chen Chun Hua
Published: February 2012

.Reported accidents such as fire and explosion on account of lithium-ion batteries remind us it is important to understand the thermal stability of battery materials. Lithium salt plays an important role in the safety of lithium ion batteries. Thermal decomposition reaction of a lithium salt-lithium bis (oxalato) borate (LiBOB) was studied using C80 calorimeter under argon atmosphere. The samples were heated at a 0.2 K min-1 heating rate from ambient temperature to 573 K in single scanning rate experiments, or at different constant temperatures (528 K, 533 K, 538 K, 543 K) in isothermal experiments. The results show that LiBOB decomposes near 433 K, and its decomposition reaction order was calculated to be n=1.43. In addition, thermodynamic parameters and kinetic parameters were obtained. The reaction heat associated with LiBOB decomposition process is 197.33 J g-1, the activation energy and pre-exponential factor were calculated to be E=177.23 kJ mol-1 and A=6.51×106 s-1, respectively. Nomenclature
The Study on Ionic Liquids Oil-in-Water Emulsion Enhancing Carbon Dioxide Absorption
Authors: Liu Hong Jing , Zhang Ying , Yao Hui , Zhao Wei , Liu Hong Jing
Published: February 2012

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effects of ionic liquids (ILs) oil-in-water emulsion on CO2 absorption. 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate as ILs was dispersed into water forming oil-in-water emulsion to absorb carbon dioxide. Effects of dispersed phase volume fraction, droplet size, and the regeneration of dispersion were studied. Experimental results indicate that ILs oil-in-water emulsion can enhance the CO2 absorption rate under lower dispersion phase volume fraction, and the CO2 mass transfer rate increases with dispersion phase volume fraction. The smaller droplet size can help droplet go into the boundary layer to load CO2 so as to increase the CO2 mass transfer rate. ILs emulsion can be regenerated, but their enhancement effect becomes weaken with the increase of regeneration times.
PSTree-Based Multi-Resolution Model for Buildings Simplification
Authors: Tan Yu Min , Liu De Qiang , Wu Wen Hui
Published: February 2012

Spatial data navigation speed is a very important element needing to be considered in network based GIS applications, especially for location based services. In this paper, a method to simplify the visualization of buildings in urban environment is proposed. It is based on a modified hierarchical building footprints merging approach and the simplified tree-based data structure, PSTree, is used to store hierarchical models. Thus, by computing the distance from viewpoint, according models can be automatically constructed and rendered, and less detailed building models are used when they are far from current viewpoint. Only the combination of a group of built-in building models is transferred to browsers, and these models are continuous in scale, so visualization effect and speed are both improved under network environment.
An Adaptive Clustering and Inter-Cluster Negotiation Protocol for Multi-Target Tracking Based on WSN
Authors: Luo Zhen Hua , Ye Jing Zhi , Luo Wen Feng
Published: February 2012

In many wireless sensor networks (WSNs), target tracking is an essential application. This paper studies the real-time target tracking algorithm and the implementation for a multi-target real-time tracking system. The system consists of a wireless sensor network which includes several distributed ultrasonic sensor nodes and a monitoring base station, and two robots as moving targets. To avoid the conflicts in the network, a sensor node task scheduling scheme, and an adaptive clustering and inter-cluster negotiation network protocol (ACICN) are proposed for the system. To cope with distributed and asynchronous measurements, data synchronization and Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) location algorithm are studied for the system. The experiments show that the system can effectively track multi targets simultaneously.
Effect of Ratio of Copper Fiber/Copper Powder on Electrical Conductivity and Hardness of Copper/Graphite/Phenolic Resin Composites
Authors: Li Mi Dan , Wei Shou Bin , Niu Huan , Yang Hong
Published: February 2012

Composites made of phenolic resin filled with graphite platelets and copper particles (copper powder, copper fiber or both mixture), are fabricated by mechanical mixing, followed by compression molding. SEM micrograph indicates that the fillers are homogenously dispersed in composite. The electrical conductivity of composite composed of 30 wt% resin, 50 wt% graphite and 20 wt% copper particle (10/10 wt/wt copper powder/copper fiber) is up to 65S/cm. The efficiency of copper fiber is compared with copper powder. The results show that copper fiber is more effective than copper powder in improving electrical conductivity for copper homogenously dispersed composite. The particle shape is also a principal factor in influencing hardness. In this study, the hardness of composites tends to increase with decreasing the ratio of copper fiber/copper powder.
Interference Suppression for Satellite Navigation Based on Neural Network and Wavelet Packets Transform
Authors: Shi Yang Chun , Liu You Bao
Published: February 2012

To suppress the interference in the direct sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) system, a transform domain message data adaptive identify (TISI) algorithm is proposed in this paper, based on two improved algorithms: Power distributing predominance wavelet packets transform (PDP-WPT) and extended BP neural network (EBPNN). Firstly, PDP-WPT is presented to track the interference signal effectively, which improves the convergence rate of TISI. Secondly, the message data can be identified in transform domain by adaptability EBPNN, which has simple structure and enhanced numerical robustness. Simulation results show that TISI can improve the capability of interference suppression by 32% compared with widely used conventional algorithms.
Axial Vibration Analysis of Buried Pipeline under Earthquake Interaction
Authors: Hao Ting Yue
Published: February 2012

The model of buried pipeline is adopted as Euler-Bernoulli beam, which is acted by inner fluid and outer constrained soil. The differential equation of axial vibration is deduced, applying the Hamilton principle. The differential equation of axial vibration is changed into basic form of dynamics equations, considering earthquake excitation as random wave. Utilizing the method of the elasticity time-travel analysis to programming, the responses of the displacement and acceleration at the pipe midpoint obtained, moreover the pipe elements are analyzed. The soil parameter, pipe parameter, earthquake dynamic parameter are considered as the influence elements of pipe response. The characteristic of the soil has an influence on response of velocity and acceleration. Along with soil from soft to hard, the response of acceleration becomes smaller and smaller. In the same soil, the earthquake damage rate of the piping increases along with earthquake intensity increasing.
Electro-Assisted Photocatalytic Degradation of Methyl Orange on TiO2 Film Using NaCl as Electrolyte
Authors: Zhang Wen Jie , Hu Mei Ling , He Hong Bo
Published: February 2012

Porous and smooth TiO2 film electrodes prepared by sol-gel method were used on methyl orange degradation by an electro-assisted photocatalytic degradation process. When using the applied potential along, there was no obvious degradation of methyl orange whether using TiO2 film electrode prepared using PEG template or not. The largest difference between the two electrodes appears at potential of 0.7 V in 0.05 mol/l NaCl solution, and the porous electrode shows better degradation activity in electro-assisted photocatalytic degradation. When NaCl concentration was 0.07 mol/l, degradation rates on porous and smooth film electrodes were 51.16% and 32.35 %, respectively. After 100 min of irradiation, 90% of the methyl orange degraded on the porous TiO2 film electrode, and 79.87% of the methyl orange degraded on the smooth TiO2 film electrode.
Alteration from ETM+ Data Rating Based on Fractal Technologies
Authors: Liang Yu Qi , Zhang Shou Ting , Wang Gong Wen
Published: February 2012

Fractal is an important method to improve effect about geochemistry and geophysics, but currently fractal theory is rarely used in the field of remote sensing. In this paper, the multi-metal mining area in Lushi,Henan,China, is selected as the studying area , and the ETM + is the data source. Using the method of MPH (Masking, Principle component analysis（PCA）, Hue and saturation transform (HIS) (MPH)) extracts alteration information from the studying area. The method includes three aspects: (1) mask, (2) PCA, (3) HIS transform. Next , adopting the method of summation in the fractal theory：the pixel brightness—area model make a quantitative analysis about the extracted iron alteration form MPH. And then compare the result with the common methods of threshold selection by standard deviation (SD). It is proved in this paper that the alteration information as a geologic record of spatial distribution has not only fractal characteristics but also multi-fractal characteristics. The research results show that fractal technique is an effective method to classify alteration information of remote sensing data, and it makes up for the weakness of threshold methods and achieves better results.
The Application of ACS800 Inverter in Load Distribution of Paper Machine
Authors: Meng Yan Jing , Zhou Bin , Liu Yuan Yuan
Published: February 2012

This article states the principle and design method of load distribution, discussing the problems and solutions in the process of designing load distribution; the description about the importance of designing load distribution in the paper machine transmission system provides a theoretical proof to avoid uneven load distribution. And in this paper, the application of ACS800’s DTC inverter in load distribution of 2640/500 three fleeting multi-cylinder paper machine is introduced. The inverter’s communication, automatic interlock and parameter’ setting are presented. The application in practice proves that the result is effective. Meanwhile the attentive matters in practice are also provided.
Anti-Detection Simulation Study in Thruster Motor System of Underwater Robot Based on Anti-Control of Chaos
Authors: Meng Zhao Jun , Sun Chang Zhi , An Yue Jun , Chen Rui , Zhao Shuang Yuan
Published: February 2012

Using chaotic anti-control technology to solve the unique noise generated by ocean reconnaissance robot was proposed in this paper in order to improve robot concealment. The mathematical model of ocean reconnaissance robot which thruster device is used as permanent magnet brushless DC motor was transformed in favor of chaotic anti-control study. On this basis, applied time-delay state variable feedback exact linearization method to chaotic thruster device. So the strange attractor of thruster device changed by changing the anti-control controller parameters according to actual situation. Finally, the anti-control controller was designed and verified by computer simulation. The simulation results show that the electromagnetic torque of thruster system can be chaotication under the condition of ocean reconnaissance robot normal running using time delayed state variable feedback exact linearization method. So the electromagnetic torque chaos lead to the shaft vibration changed, and the noise of propeller unique voiceprint characteristic is changed also. As a result, achieve the purpose of confusing the enemy.
Supervised Manifold Learning for NIR Modeling of Cigarette Brand Identification
Authors: He Ying , Ding Xiang Qian , Ma Lin Tao
Published: February 2012

For NIR data has the character of high dimension, nonlinear, and high noise, we often confront the problem of dimensionality reduction when building the classification model on Near-Infrared spectra data. Traditional classification methods and linear dimensionality reduction techniques are difficult to improve the model performance. In this paper, a novel nonlinear modeling for NIR spectra analysis was proposed by combining S-Isomap and KNN. S-Isomap is a supervised manifold learning method which can effectively find out the intrinsic low dimensional structure and extract important information from the raw data. Compared with KLLE, KPCA, and other classification methods such as SVM or LDA, the results show that S-Isomap-KNN method performs the best on the modeling of cigarette brand identification. The method is also a good technique for visualization.
Filtering Method for Pose Angles Based on CS-STF-IMM
Authors: Ji Bing , Shan Gan Lin
Published: February 2012

In order to decrease the error of pose estimation based on image sequences, a filtering method for pose angles based on CS-STF-IMM was proposed. Firstly, current statistical (CS) model was used to establish state space model of pose transformation, which reflects the maneuver of target pose more truly. Then, strong tracking filter (STF) was introduced to overcome the shortcoming that Kalman filter can hardly track sudden maneuver. A parameters determination method based on least square fitting was proposed, which improves the performance of STF further. Based on these, CS-STF-IMM algorithm was established, which obviously improved the precision of pose estimation. Simulations showed that the proposed method has better overall performance, which is a feasible scheme for pose angles filtering.
SBA-15(P)-Supported Tetraethylenepentamine for CO2 Capture
Authors: Yang Yong Hong , Yang Cheng , Wu Jin Hu
Published: February 2012

In this paper, various amine-modified CO2 adsorbents were prepared by incorporating tetraethylenepenthamine (TEPA) onto SBA-15(P) by controlling dynamic impregnation process. The materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), nitrogen adsorption/desorption, elemental analysis (EA) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) experiments. Moreover, the adsorption capacities and cycle life were evaculated by CO2 temperature programmed desorption (CO2-TPD). Various characterization results indicate that the morphology and loading amount of TEPA on the support material were controlled by adjusting dynamic impregnation times. Under given conditions, there is an optimum dynamic impregnation times.
Performance of CIE LAB-Based Color Difference Formulae under Different Viewing Conditions
Authors: Zheng Yuan Lin , Zhou Shi Sheng , Qi Yong Hong , Zhang Lin Lin
Published: February 2012

In order to investigate the performance of color difference formulae under different viewing conditions 144 pairs of sample around 17 color centers were designed and printed, and then assessed visually under four different viewing condition. STRESS values between the visual color difference and calculated color difference by five CIELAB-based color difference formulae CIELAB, BFD, CMC, CIE94, CIEDE200 were calculated. The result shows that the formulae have the similar performance but CIE94 is the best in all viewing conditions and CIELAB and BFD are the worst. All the color difference formulae have the best performance under illuminant D65 with illuminance of 1000 lx and gray background
Research on Spatio-Temporal Epistemic Relevant Logic in the Domain of Air Traffic Control
Authors: Liu Yi Xian , Liu Zhi Liang , Han Chun Yan , Li Dan Cheng , Zhou Shuang Shuang
Published: February 2012

Anticipatory Reasoning-Reacting System (ARRS) proposed by Cheng is a new reacting system with more ratability and security compared with traditional reacting systems. Cheng also proposed the logic basis of ARRS with three-dimensional moving objects, i.e. 3D-STSRL. In this paper, we focus on the research on the logic basis of ARRS in the domain of air traffic control. In order to express knowledge and belief concisely and precisely, epistemic operators are necessary. This paper described the addition of epistemic operators into 3D-STSRL together with the foundation of 3D-STERL. Then a study case about air traffic control is shown for the application of 3D-STERL.
Study and Design of the Networking and Intelligent Safety Bed Aiming at Quakeproof and Anti-Violence
Authors: Sun Hui , Xiao Lin Jing , Wang Shu Qing
Published: February 2012

The new-type networking and intelligent safety bed aiming at quakeproof and anti-violence is studied and designed. This Safety Bed includes the high precision seismograph, the pneumatic system, the Double-wing-typed Closed Mechanism, controlling system and so on. It can protect user from the danger from the earthquake and violence. The networking control system designed can interface with the Internet which combines the manufacturer-user service system with the Safety Bed in the world to offer the service online. The correlation technique can be applied in the seismic monitoring at home and hotel, in the home intelligent early-warning, in the intelligent anti-violence, and so on.
Development of a Low Cost Device for Measuring Solar Irradiance
Authors: Chen Yu Jie , Hu Cong , Sun Yi Ze , Meng Zhuo
Published: February 2012

For a determination of the system’s efficiency and decrease the cost, a low cost system for measuring solar irradiance is designed. By analyzing the influence of solar irradiance and temperature to solar cell, we have found that in case of different temperatures the variation of short-circuit current (Isc) in function of solar irradiation incident (E) is always linear. Then the read-out circuitry is designed to measure and convert the signal which is detected by the photoelectric cell and thermocouples. At last, the software is developed to compensate the temperature and make sure the device work normally. The results of detecting the system show that it’s effective and reliable.
Seawater Temperature Measurement System Based on Virtual Instrument
Authors: Chen Wei , Zhao Di
Published: February 2012

The traditional measuring instrument of temperature mainly consists of different types of hardware, whose cost and scale are quite big, and whose operation is inconvenient. In many practical applications, describing the measured objects only by accurate values is not enough. Aiming at these problems, the design of sea temperature test system based on Virtual Instrument has been introduced in this paper. The temperature test system combines high performance PCI-6014 data acquisition card with sensor elements and amplifying circuit. On the basis of LabVIEW software platform, an application software for temperature measurement has been designed, whose functions include real-time acquisition of test signal, data processing and data display.
Modelling GM(1,1) under the Criterion of the Minimization of Mean Absolute Percentage Error
Authors: Chen Hai Jun , Lou Xi Juan , Liu Jie
Published: February 2012

In this paper, we present two methods to estimate the parameters of the GM (1,1)model under. The criterion of the minimization of mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) (some authors called Average relative error).A linear programming method is used to optimize the whiting value of grey derivative of GM(1,1),four published articles are chosen for practical tests of this method, the results show that this method can obviously improve the simulation accuracy. Another method is that the problem of estimation parameters of GM(1,1) model is transformed into the minimax optimization problem, then use the library function fminimax in MATLAB to solve the minimax optimization problem, the same four published articles are chosen for practical tests of this modelling method, as shown in these results, this method can obtain the local optimal parameters, yield the lower MAPE than the existing method. But it is sensitive for the initial approximation and requires a good initial approximation, the results of compared with different initial approximations show that the parameters which are obtained by the former method is the better initial approximation.
The System Design of Automatic Rail Gas Press Welding
Authors: Wang Yu Duo , Li Zhen Gang
Published: February 2012

Rail gas press welding is a sophisticated process which involves physics, chemistry, heat transfer, material metallurgy and hydromechanics and other subjects concerned. The welding phenomenon includes heat transfer process during the welding, melting and coagulation of the metal, cooling change, welding stress, distortion and so on. In order to gain a fine welding structure, one must design the craft plan properly and scientifically. This paper introduces an automatic rail gas press welding solution, to which the core of DSP is applied to obtain the best welding effect.
A Mathematical Method for Computing the Contour Closure
Authors: Shao Xiao Fang , Cai Ming Juan
Published: February 2012

This paper puts forward a mathematical method for computing the closure extent of object contours—a specific instance of Gestalt law of closure. The method introduces the concept of virtual line to interpret the size of contour gaps vector points and measure the closure extent. Experimental results show that the computation results is consistent with the human perception interpretation in most cases.
Multi-Objective Decision and Optimization of Process Routing Based on Genetic Algorithm (GA)
Authors: Fan Shun Cheng , Wang Jin Feng
Published: February 2012

Based on the previous research on decision and optimization of process routing,this paper analyzes the characteristic of process knowledge, establishes the representation methods of process knowledge based on feature. According to the constraints mong process knowledge, decision space of process routing based on process constraints is constructed which improved search efficiency of GA. In allusion to the uncertainty of decision of process routing, the multi-objective optimization function is established, and GA is applied to decision and optimization of process routing. Process routing is optimized using the reasonable coding strategy,objective function, crossover and mutation algorithm. An case is offered to illustrate the process of decision and optimization of process routing based on GA.
Secret Error-Correcting Network Coding against Eavesdropping and Pollution Attacks
Authors: Chen Si Guang , Wu Meng , Lu Wei Feng
Published: February 2012

In this work we consider the problem of designing a secret error-correcting network coding scheme against an adversary that can re-select the tapping links in different time slot and inject z erroneous packets into network. We first derive a necessary condition for keeping the transmitted information secret from the adversary, while the network is only subject to the eavesdropping attack. We then design an error-correcting scheme by combining the rank-metric codes with shared secret model, which can decode the transmitted information correctly provided a sufficiently large q. With that, a secret error-correcting network coding is proposed by combining this error-correcting scheme with secret communication. We show that under the requirement of communication can achieve a rate of packets. Moreover, it ensures that the communicated information is reliable and information-theoretic security from the adversary. In particular, the requirement of packet length is not as large as the required in [12]. Finally, the security and performance analyses illustrate the characteristics of our scheme.
Effect of Electric Current Pulse on Carbide in Hypereutectic High Chromium Cast Iron
Authors: Chen Hua , Zhou Rong Feng , Jiang Ye Hua , Zhou Rong
Published: February 2012

It has significant engineering practicability that refining the carbides as hard phase in hypereutectic high chromium cast iron. The high chromium cast iron samples during the course of solidification were treated with electric current pulse (ECP) from the temperature of 1350 °C and 1360 °C. The effects of ECP treatment of starting temperature, processing time on the shape, size, and distribution of primary carbides was investigated. The mechanism of primary carbides refined by ECP process was also analyzed preliminarily.
Method of Fuzzy Evaluation on Laser Menaces Identifying
Authors: Shen Tao , Xiao Ming Qing , Kong Qing Chun
Published: February 2012

Laser menaces Identification is analyzing and processing the data of laser warning. It is the key technique of laser count work. And the results directly influence the final work efficiency. This paper takes the laser alarm equipment as object, bases on the fuzzy characters of each laser parameters in confirming menace source. It utilizes the fuzzy inference making theory, establishes the fuzzy math modals of laser energy, wavelength and repeat frequency and fuzzy inference making rules library of laser menace source. Propose a modified laser menace source identifying arithmetic based on fuzzy inference making. The arithmetic can improve the response speed and identify menace source nicely. And it provides the feasible evidence for the decision maker.
A Study in Functional Verification of ASIP
Authors: Xu Jian Zhou , Su Jin Hai , Dai Zi Bin , Li Wei
Published: February 2012

ASIP can fulfill data processing effectively and flexibly in specific application. Due to the instruction’s diversity and the flexibility of logical structure, it has increased test vectors and enhanced difficulty in the functional verification of ASIP [1].With the continuous spread of ASIP application, the scale of designing is enlarging and the functional verification has become the bottleneck of designing of ASIP. This paper presents a methodology able to accomplish the functional verification of ASIP. The “Bottom-up” methodology is composed of the component-level verification, the instruction-level verification and the FPGA-based prototype system verification. The paper proves the feasibility and efficiency through the experiments in functional verification of ASIP.
An Electronic Modle of Mems Disk Resonator
Authors: Jia Ying Qian , Zhao Zheng Ping
Published: February 2012

RF-MEMS resonator can meet the development of communication and attract great attention now. Applied to electric system, mechanical resonator caused some difficulties to the circuit design， the electric parameters should be extracted. Through mechanical-electrical analogy the electronic parameter is extracted and the electrical equivalent circuit established. ANSYS is used to simulate the vibration of the disk. Using the electronic parameters, an oscillator is designed and simulated.
A Flexible Roll Forming on-Line Detection Algorithm Based on Machine Vision
Authors: Li Xu Peng , Qian Bo , Li Qiang
Published: February 2012

For the flexible roll forming of the control system, this paper introduces a method that machine vision bind to the flexible roll forming control system. The detection method for sheet metal forming is image acquisition, image processing and other means for the extraction of sheet metal forming in some time section contour curve. Compare extraction section contour curve with the moment theory section contour curve in the control system, get the deviation value and feedback to the control system that interpolation arithmetic to realize closed loop control.
Influence of Variation of Groundwater Level on Deformation of Subgrade Based on Hydromechanical Coupling
Authors: Hu Meng Ling , Yao Hai Lin , Liu Jie , Lu Zheng
Published: February 2012

Deformation of subgrade caused by variation of groundwater level is a problem of hydromechanical coupling. The coupling mechanism of seepage and deformation of subgrade was analyzed, and a model of hydromechanical coupling was then established. The resilient modulus of the model is related to the water content and compactness of subgrade soil. The relationship between them was obtained based on laboratory tests, and was employed to research the influence of rise of groundwater level on resilient modulus and deformation of subgrade. The results showed that the rise of water level had great influence on resilient modulus of subgrade, and the deformation of subgrade can’t be neglected.
Track Simulation of Flexible Roll Forming Based on VC++ and OpenGL
Authors: Sun Wen Ting , Li Qiang , Qian Bo
Published: February 2012

How to manufacture high accuracy, complex section, high strength steel products is the current challenge of flexible roll forming technology. This article introduced opening NC system application in flexible roll forming, both in software and in hardware. As the core module of the software system, the interpolation module was discussed. The article mainly focused on how to establish track simulation module. According to the algorithm, we calculated the roller displacement and rotation angle using VC++. At last the simulation processes and results were presented, which prove the trace interpolation algorithm is correct and feasible.