bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Outbreak of acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis in French Guiana and West Indies caused by coxsackievirus A24 variant: Phylogenetic analysis reveals Asian import
Authors: Dussart Philippe , Cartet Gaëlle , Huguet Pierre , Lévêque Nicolas , Hajjar Christian , Morvan Jacques , Vanderkerckhove Julie , Ferret Karine , Lina Bruno , Chomel Jean‐Jacques , Norder Helene
Published: February 2005

An outbreak of acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis occurred in French Guiana between April and July 2003, with approximately 6,000 cases in the two major cities Kourou and Cayenne. Since acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis is not a notifiable disease in France, there was no registration of the number of cases. Therefore, these were estimated by comparing the consumption of antibiotic eye drops and ophthalmic ointments during 2002 and 2003. The outbreak rapidly spread into the Caribbean Islands, causing an outbreak in Guadeloupe in October. Viral isolates from conjunctival swabs of 16 patients were confirmed to be enterovirus by PCR directed to the 5′ UTR of the genome. The isolates could not be neutralized by the Melnick intersecting pools, but were shown to be CV‐A24 variant by limited sequencing within the VP1 and 3C regions of 12 strains. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that they were similar to the genotype III strains causing outbreaks in Korea 2002 and Malaysia 2003. The previous outbreak of conjunctivitis caused by CV‐A24 in the Caribbean in the 1980s was also introduced from Asia, and disappeared after 3 years. This new introduction from Asia and its rapid spread into the Caribbean, where the infection disappeared after a few months, indicates that the CV‐A24 variant has a different epidemiological pattern in this region compared to South East Asia, since it has not established an endemic infection. It had to be reintroduced from Asia, where it has been circulating since the 1970s. J. Med. Virol. 75:559–565, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Detection and genotyping of human papillomavirus in cervical samples from Italian patients
Authors: De Francesco M.A. , Gargiulo F. , Schreiber C. , Ciravolo G. , Salinaro F. , Manca N.
Published: February 2005

Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are etiological agents of cervical cancer. In order to assess the epidemiological incidence and frequency of different HPV types, we applied a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)‐direct sequencing approach based on the use of MY09/MY11 primers as compared to Hybrid Capture assay. Cervical samples were taken from 1,500 women, both with normal and abnormal cytological smears, and we found an incidence of 6.6% of HPV infection in Brescia. Overall, 97 samples tested HPV‐positive, yielding 18 HPV types. The four most frequent HPV types were: HPV 16, ‐31, ‐6, and ‐58. This approach could be used in ordinary laboratory settings for quick and reliable typing of known and novel HPVs from clinical specimens and it could also be applied to anti‐cancer vaccine development. J. Med. Virol. 75:588–592, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Inter‐ and intra‐person cytomegalovirus infection in Malawian families
Authors: Beyari Mohammed M. , Hodgson T.A. , Kondowe W. , Molyneux E.M. , Scully C. , Porter S.R. , Teo C.G.
Published: February 2005

Sequence polymorphisms in the gN and gO genes of cytomegalovirus (CMV) amplified from mouth rinse and urine samples of 19 Malawian patients with Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) and 58 of their first‐degree relatives were investigated. CMV‐DNA was amplified from 41 people (53%) from either the gN or gO region in at least one sample, from 14 people (18%) in both domains in at least one sample, and from 13 (17%) in either domain in both samples. Twenty‐one (51%) were seropositive for human immunodeficiency virus‐1 (HIV). Identical gN sequences were recovered from eight families and non‐identical sequences in six, while identical gO sequences were found in three families and non‐identical sequences in five. Five people, four of whom were children, each carried multitypic gN sequences or gO sequences. The findings are consistent with CMV spread along intra‐ and extra‐household routes, and with multiple intra‐host CMV infection. J. Med. Virol. 75:575–582, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Rhinovirus infects primary human airway fibroblasts and induces a neutrophil chemokine and a permeability factor
Authors: Ghildyal Reena , Dagher Hayat , Donninger Howard , de Silva Dinesha , Li Xun , Freezer Nicholas J. , Wilson John W. , Bardin Philip G.
Published: February 2005

The events linking rhinovirus (RV) infection to airway symptoms are poorly understood. The virus initially infects airway epithelium followed by a vigorous inflammatory response that may entail spread of RV from epithelium to other cells in the airway wall. However, RV has fastidious growth characteristics and to date reproductive infection of primary cells other than human airway epithelium has not been confirmed. Airway fibroblasts are adjacent to and in contact with epithelial cells, play a key role in innate immune responses, and may participate in the evolution of inflammation. To investigate fibroblast actions, we first determined whether RV could infect and replicate in primary culture human lung fibroblasts. RV serotype 16 (RV16) was used to infect fibroblasts grown from lung tissue, and virus infection with replication was demonstrated by a combination of techniques. RT‐PCR was used to show an increase in RV transcription; confocal microscopy demonstrated colocalization of the replicative form of RV genome (double‐stranded RNA) and RV16 proteins; infectious virus was also recovered from the culture supernatant of infected fibroblasts. Functional consequences of RV infection were next examined. RV infection of fibroblasts was followed by an increase in epithelial neutrophil‐activating peptide‐78 (ENA‐78) mRNA and protein. The permeability factor vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was also induced over a similar time course. These data suggest that interactions between RV and human fibroblasts are feasible, may coordinate neutrophil chemoattraction with enhanced vascular permeability and that fibroblasts may contribute to inflammatory responses following RV infections. J. Med. Virol. 75:608–615, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Reexamining and extending the dual mediation hypothesis in an on‐line advertising context
Authors: Karson Eric J. , Fisher Robert J.
Published: February 2005

The relationship between attitude toward the advertisement (Aad) and intentions to buy (Ib) is a controversial one. The present research examines the potential for a direct relationship between Aad and Ib within an on‐line advertising context, substituting Asite (attitude toward the Web site) for Aad. The article replicates previous findings with respect to the four competing Aad models they tested. The article then predicts and finds a significant Asite → Ib path based on an opportunity and motivation perspective. In terms of opportunity, Web sites contain nonproduct information that is independent of traditional measures of brand attitude (Ab), such as security, ease of use, transactional capabilities, which are likely to affect Ib. Further, on‐line consumers are motivated to process this information when they visit a Web site because they cannot directly examine the products they are considering. Evidence for the opportunity and motivation perspective is provided by the decomposition of Asite into its claim and non‐claim components and assessment of the Asite → Ib path across levels of motivation to process. Implications for on‐line advertisers are discussed. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The vaginal pressure profile
Authors: Guaderrama Noelani M. , Nager Charles W. , Liu Jianmin , Pretorius Dolores H. , Mittal Ravinder K.
Published: February 2005

Aims

To describe the vaginal pressure profile in asymptomatic nulliparous women.

Methods

Fourteen nulliparous women without symptoms of anal or urinary incontinence were studied with vaginal manometry. A rapid pull‐through technique utilized a four‐channel water‐perfused catheter on a motor‐driven puller to create a pressure profile for each subject. The profiles were measured with the subject at rest and during a sustained contraction of the levator ani muscle. The individual subject's pressure profiles were averaged to create a composite profile at rest and during squeeze.

Results

The vaginal pressure profile at rest and during squeeze contains three pressure zones: proximal, mid, and distal. The pressure is highest in the mid pressure zone and was labeled as the vaginal high‐pressure zone. In the vaginal high‐pressure zone, the maximum pressure during squeeze is significantly higher than the maximum pressure at rest (P < 0.05). The length of the high‐pressure zone is longer during squeeze as compared to rest (P < 0.05). The maximum pressures exhibit circumferential asymmetry with the pressures in anterior and posterior directions being significantly higher than those in the lateral directions (P < 0.05).

Conclusions

The vaginal pressure profile is more complex than previously described. Understanding of the vaginal pressure profile is crucial when employing vaginal manometry to assess pelvic floor muscle strength or as a surrogate for intra‐abdominal pressure. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Effects of local anesthetics on human bladder contractility
Authors: Oh Seung‐June , Paick Sung Hyun , Lim Dae Jung , Lee Eunsik , Lee Sang Eun
Published: February 2005

Aims

We investigated the invitro effects of local anesthetics on the contractility of the human bladder.

Methods

By measuring the invitro isometric contractions of human bladder strips, we determined the effects of tetracaine, bupivacaine, lidocaine, and ropivacaine on the basal spontaneous contractions and contractions induced by various stimuli, namely, KCl (60 mM), carbachol (CCh), and electrical field stimulation (EFS). The effect of local anesthetic agents on Ca2+‐independent sustained tonic contraction (SuTC) of the detrusor was also investigated.

Results

Local anesthetics increased phasic and tonic spontaneous contractile activity dose dependently in the concentration range 1–500 μM, but abolished phasic activity at higher concentrations. Local anesthetic agents inhibited nerve‐mediated contraction (EFS, 0.8 msec) in a concentration‐dependent manner (ropivacaine > tetracaine = bupivacaine > lidocaine), and inhibited non‐nerve mediated contractions induced by KCl, long pulse EFS (direct muscle stimulation, 100 msec), and CCh. Inhibitory potency on non‐nerve mediated contraction was for long pulse EFS: ropivacaine = tetracaine > bupivacaine = lidocaine and for KCl‐ and CCh‐induced contractions: ropivacaine > tetracaine > bupivacaine = lidocaine. Higher concentrations of local anesthetics were needed to inhibit non‐nerve‐mediated bladder contraction than nerve‐mediated contraction. SuTC was suppressed by all local anesthetics concentration dependently.

Conclusions

Our study demonstrates that local anesthetics have inhibitory effects on the contraction of human bladder as induced by different stimulants and concentrations. Their effects and differences suggest that they may be considered potentially useful as diagnostic and therapeutic agents for bladder dysfunction. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Modification of biological parameters after treatment with recombinant factor VIIa in a patient with thrombocytopathy due to storage pool disease
Authors: Langendonck L. , Appel I.M.
Published: February 2005

Patients with thrombocytopathy due to storage pool disease mostly suffer from mild bleeding diathesis. However surgical interventions can lead to excess bleeding. We describe how treatment with recombinant factor VIIa (Novoseven®) during a surgical procedure in a boy with SPD leads to an immediate rise in PF‐4, thereby activating factor Xa on the platelet surface, leading to active thrombin generation. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2005;44:676–678. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Use of alternative and complementary therapies in children with cancer
Authors: Martel Dominique , Bussières Jean‐François , Théorêt Yves , Lebel Denis , Kish Sandra , Moghrabi Albert , Laurier Claudine
Published: February 2005

Background and Objectives

The use of complementary and alternative medicines (CAM) is becoming increasingly popular. Although considered beneficial by users, the potential for interaction or substitution with conventional treatment should not be overlooked by health care professionals. It is therefore important to gain insight into the prevalence and the factors related to the use of CAM. To establish the prevalence of use of CAM among children with cancer treated in a large pediatric hospital, describe the profile of use and factors related with use. As a secondary objective we aimed at measuring quality of life of the children aged 5 or more and compare the scores between users and non‐users.

Methods

The study is a cross‐sectional survey of parents whose child was treated at the oncology clinic or ward of Sainte‐Justine Hospital, a large pediatric hospital in Montreal. Data on socio‐demographic variables, the use of CAM and the quality of life was collected through a self‐administered questionnaire. Quality of life was measured with the Child Health Questionnaire CHQ‐PF50, while clinical data was collected from medical records.

Results

A total of 115 patients were recruited and 92 parents completed and returned the questionnaire, resulting in a 80% response rate. According to this survey, 49% of the children used at least one type of CAM and 20% used herbal remedies/homeopathy/vitamins in the 2 months preceding the survey. Most popular CAM were spiritual/mental and physical strategies used by 35 and 33% of children under study, respectively. Only one parent reported having delayed a conventional treatment because of CAM. Although quality of life results must be interpreted with caution, they tend to favor non‐users.

Conclusions

CAM is likely to be used by a wide variety of people. In our study, we found that about half of the children with cancer has used CAM in the 2 preceding months. No specific profile of CAM users emerged from this study. The high prevalence of CAM warrants further studies to better understand the reasons and consequences of CAM use particularly on quality of life. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2005;44:660–668. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Serum creatinine: A surrogate measurement of lean body mass in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Sala Alessandra , Tarnopolsky Mark , Webber Colin , Norman Geoff , Barr Ronald
Published: February 2005

Background

Since creatinine is formed almost exclusively in skeletal muscle, the hypothesis of a relationship between serum creatinine (SC) and lean body mass (LBM), determined by dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry (DXA), was tested.

Methods

Two cohorts of patients were analyzed: 37 children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and 20 children with primary muscular disorders (PMD). The latter cohort was used as a comparative group. Statistical analyses were performed using linear regressions.

Results

A strong correlation was demonstrated between SC and LBM in the patients with PMD (r = 0.77) and in patients with ALL (r = 0.83 at diagnosis; r = 0.77 on therapy; and r = 0.56 off therapy). The correlation between SC and body size (body mass index) was much weaker (r = 0.38; r = −0.09; r = 0.29 at the successive observations in the ALL cohort and r = 0.05 in the PMD cohort). These data provide support for the initial hypothesis.

Conclusions

Further investigations with a wider variety of diseases are needed for this will allow the consideration of SC as a general surrogate measure of LBM and consequently of nutritional status. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2005; 45:16–19. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A differential proteome in tumors suppressed by an adenovirus‐based skin patch vaccine encoding human carcinoembryonic antigen
Authors: Huang Chun‐Ming , Shi Zhongkai , DeSilva Tivanka S. , Yamamoto Masato , Van Kampen Kent R. , Elmets Craig A. , Tang De‐chu C.
Published: February 2005

We created an anti‐tumor vaccine by using adenovirus as a vector which contains a cytomegalovirus early promoter‐directed human carcinoembryonic antigen gene (AdCMV‐hCEA). In an attempt to develop the skin patch vaccine, we epicutaneously vaccinated Balb/c mice with AdCMV‐hCEA. After nine weeks post‐immunization, vaccinated mice evoked a robust antibody titer to CEA and demonstrated the capability of suppressing in vivo growth of implanted murine mammay adenocarioma cell line (JC‐hCEA) tumor cells derived from a female Balb/c mouse. Proteomic analysis of the tumor masses in the non‐vaccinated naïve and vaccinated mice reveal that six proteins change their abundance in the tumor mass. The levels of adenylate kinase 1, β‐enolase, creatine kinase M chain, hemoglobin beta chain and prohibitin were statistically increased whereas the level of a creatine kinase fragment, which is undocumented, was decreased in the tumor of vaccinated mice. These proteins may provide a vital link between early‐stage tumor suppression and immune response of skin patch vaccination.
A proteomic approach to studying biogenic amine producing lactic acid bacteria
Authors: Pessione Enrica , Mazzoli Roberto , Giuffrida Maria Gabriella , Lamberti Cristina , Garcia‐Moruno Emilia , Barello Cristina , Conti Amedeo , Giunta Carlo
Published: February 2005

All fermented foods are subject to the risk of biogenic amine contamination. Histamine and tyramine are among the most toxic amines for consumers' health, exerting undesirable effects on the central nervous and vascular systems, but putrescine and cadaverine can also compromise the organoleptic properties of contaminated foods. These compounds are produced by fermenting microbial flora that decarboxylate amino acids to amines. Little is known of the factors which induce biosynthesis of decarboxylating enzymes and/or which modulate their catalytic activity: the accumulation of amines is generally considered to be a mechanism that contrasts an acidic environment and/or that produces metabolic energy through coupling amino acid decarboxylation with electrogenic amino acid/amine antiporters. Two Lactobacillus strains, Lactobacillus sp. 30a (ATCC 33222), and a Lactobacillus sp. strain (w53) isolated from amine‐contaminated wine, carrying genetic determinants for histidine decarboxylase (HDC) and ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), were studied and the influence of some environmental and nutritional parameters on amine production and protein biosynthesis was analyzed through a proteomic approach; this is the first report of a proteomic analysis of amine‐producing bacteria. HDC and ODC biosynthesis were shown to be closely dependent on the presence of high concentrations of free amino acids in the growth medium and to be modulated by the growth phase. The stationary phase and high amounts of free amino acids also strongly induced the biosynthesis of an oligopeptide transport protein belonging to the proteolytic system of Lactic Acid Bacteria. At least two isoforms of glyceraldehyde‐3‐phosphate dehydrogenase, with different Mr, pI and expression profiles, were identified from Lactobacillus sp. w53: the biosynthesis of one isoform, in particular, is apparently repressed by high concentrations of free amino acids. Other proteins were identified from the Lactobacillus proteome, affording a global knowledge of protein biosynthesis modulation during biogenic amine production.
Analysis of the composition of an immunoglobulin E reactive high molecular weight protein complex of peanut extract containing Ara h 1 and Ara h 3/4
Authors: Boldt Andrea , Fortunato Donatella , Conti Amedeo , Petersen Arnd , Ballmer‐Weber Barbara , Lepp Ute , Reese Gerald , Becker Wolf‐Meinhard
Published: February 2005

Peanuts (Arachis hypogaea) contain some of the most potent food allergens. In recent years an increasing prevalence of peanut allergies both in children and adults has been observed in the USA and in Europe. In vitro identification and characterization of allergens including those from peanut have been frequently performed by Western blotting. However this method may alter the immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibody reactivity since the proteins are denatured by detergent treatment and/or reduction of disulfide bonds by reducing reagents and does not answer the question how peanut allergens interact with the human digestive apparatus and immune system. Size exclusion chromatography of peanut extract shows that approximately 90% of the total protein content is eluted as one peak in the exclusion volume with a molecular mass of over 200 kDa. The proteins of this fraction were analyzed by blue‐native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE), immunoblotting, two‐dimensional PAGE and Western blotting. A complex of Ara h 1 (Acc. no. P43237), Ara h 3/4 (AAM46958), Ara h 3 (AAC63045), Ara h 4 (AF086821), Gly 1 (AAG01363) and iso‐Ara h 3 (AAT39430) was identified using patients' IgE and allergen‐specific monoclonal antibodies; N‐terminal sequencing and matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionisation‐time of flight analysis verified these findings. A comparison of the peanut allergen sequences of Ara h 3/4, Ara h 3, Ara h 4 and peanut trypsin inhibitor (AF487543) and the proteins Gly 1 and iso‐Ara h 3, not yet described as allergens, leads to the conclusion that these proteins are isoallergens of each other. It was shown that these isoallergens are post‐translationally cleaved and held together by disulfide bonds in accordance to the 11S plant seed storage proteins signature.
Differential accumulation ofLhcbgene products in thylakoid membranes ofZea maysplants grown under contrasting light and temperature conditions
Authors: Caffarri Stefano , Frigerio Sara , Olivieri Erna , Righetti Pier Giorgio , Bassi Roberto
Published: February 2005

In higher plants many different genes encode Lhcb proteins that belong to a highly conserved protein family. Evolutionary conservation of this genetic redundancy suggests that individual gene products play different roles in light harvesting and photoprotection depending on environmental conditions. We have tested the hypothesis that expression/accumulation of individual light harvesting complex (Lhc) proteins depends on plant growth conditions.Zea maysplants were grown in different temperature (13°Cvs.24°C) and light (highvs.low) conditions. The thylakoid membranes were isolated and fractionated by sucrose gradient and the protein content of the different bands was analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate‐polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Significant differences were found in the accumulation of both the major light harvesting complex of photosystem II (LHCII) complexes and the minor antenna chlorophyll proteins CP29, CP26 and CP24. In particular, temperature seems to play a major role in driving the expression/accumulation of the different proteins: the LHCII/minor antenna ratio increases with decreasing temperature. The pigment composition and the spectroscopic properties of LHCII complexes isolated from low temperature grown plants are significantly different from those of LHCII purified from high temperature grown plants. Two‐dimensional maps show that different LHCII proteins are accumulated at different levels depending on growth conditions. Moreover the low temperature/high light grown plants show an increased value of nonphotochemical quenching. These results suggest a specific role of different LHCII complexes in the organization of the potosystem II and photoprotection.
Current two‐dimensional electrophoresis technology for proteomics (vol. 4, Issue 12, pp. 3665‐3685)
Authors: Görg Angelika , Weiss Walter , Dunn Michael J.
Published: February 2005

See original http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pmic.200401031
Long‐term evaluation of compliance with refuge requirements for Bt cotton
Authors: Carrière Yves , Ellers‐Kirk Christa , Kumar Kamlesh , Heuberger Shannon , Whitlow Mike , Antilla Larry , Dennehy Timothy J , Tabashnik Bruce E
Published: February 2005

The success of the refuge strategy for delaying pest resistance to Bt crops depends on compliance by farmers. However, the accuracy of previous estimates of compliance has been questioned. We have applied a novel approach based on the use of Geographical Information System (GIS) technology to measure compliance with refuge requirements for Bt cotton in six Arizona regions from 1998 to 2003. Although compliance varied among regions, overall compliance was above 88% in five of six years. With the cooperation of farmers, our approach allows precise and economical assessment of compliance with the refuge strategy. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry
High‐frequency health data and spline functions
Authors: Martín‐Rodríguez Gloria , Murillo‐Fort Carlos
Published: February 2005

Seasonal variations are highly relevant for health service organization. In general, short run movements of medical magnitudes are important features for managers in this field to make adequate decisions. Thus, the analysis of the seasonal pattern in high‐frequency health data is an appealing task. The aim of this paper is to propose procedures that allow the analysis of the seasonal component in this kind of data by means of spline functions embedded into a structural model. In the proposed method, useful adaptions of the traditional spline formulation are developed, and the resulting procedures are capable of capturing periodic variations, whether deterministic or stochastic, in a parsimonious way. Finally, these methodological tools are applied to a series of daily emergency service demand in order to capture simultaneous seasonal variations in which periods are different. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Stimulation of the adenylyl cyclase activity in human endometrial membranes by VIP and related peptides
Authors: Bajo A. M. , Guijarro L. G. , Juarranz M. G. , Valenzuela P. , Martinez P. , Prieto J. C.
Published: February 2005

Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) has been shown to stimulate adenylyl cyclase activity in human endometrial membranes. The effect was dependent on the time and temperature of incubation as well as on the concentration of endometrial membrane proteins in the medium. In the presence of 1 μM GTP, half-maximal stimulation of adenylyl cyclase activity was observed at 25.0 ± 7.0 nM VIP, whereas the maximal activity (at 1 μM VIP)corresponded to an increase of about 140% with respect to basal values (7.5 ± 0.6 pmol cyclic AMP/min/mg of protein). However, the maximal stimulation of adenylyl cyclase activity was obtained with helodermin (1 μM) that increased the activity by 170% over the basal. The relative potency of VIP-related peptides upon the adenylyl cyclase activity was: helodermin (ED50 = 1.8 ± 1.4 nM) > VIP(ED50 = 25.0 ± 7.0 nM) > PHI (ED50 = 725.0 ± 127.2 nM). Secretin had a faint effect upon the adenylyl cyclase activity and glucagon was completely inefficient at this level. The presence of αs and αi subunits of G proteins in human endometrium was detected by immunoblot. Preliminary results showed the presence of two classes of 125I-VIP receptors in human endometrial membranes with the following stoichoimetric parameters: high affinity receptor (Kd=2.0 nM, binding capacity 0.1 pmol VIP/mg protein) and low affinity receptor (Kd = 0.43 μM, binding capacity 13.1 pmol VIP/mg protein). The present results together with the known presence of VIP in human uterus and the actions of this neuropeptide in the adjacent myometrial tissue support the idea that VIP and related peptides may have a role in human endometrium.
Effect of chronic ethanol administration on the rat pineal N-acetyltransferase and thyroxine type II 5′-deiodinase activities
Authors: Jimenez J. , Osuna C. , Rubio A. , Guerrero J. M.
Published: February 2005

Chronic ethanol intake resulted in a significant decrease in the rate of rat ponderal growth and an impaired nyctohemeral profile of pineal N-acetyltransferase (NAT) activity. In ethanol-treated animals, the onset of the nocturnal NAT increase is delayed by 2 hours when compared to control animals. Moreover, pineal NAT nocturnal peak was reached at 4 h (2 hours later than controls), while pineal type II thyroxine 5′-deiodinase (5′-D) nyctohemeral profile was not modified by ethanol administration. The effect of ethanol administration (12 weeks) on 5′-D activity in different tissues was also studied. Ethanol induced a 5′-D activity increase in hypothesis and brain frontal cortex, when compared to control animals. No change in 5′-D activity is observed in either pineal gland, Harderian gland, or brown adipose tissue. Since basal values of 5′-D activity in hypophysis or brain frontal cortex are particularly dependent on serum thyroxine (T4) concentration, the effect of chronic ethanol administration on thyroid hormone levels was studied. Serum T4 levels in ethanol-treated animals were significantly decreased when compared to controls at any time point studied. However, no change in serum 3′,3,5-triiodothyronine (T3) levels were found.
Effect of protease inhibitors and clenbuterol on the In vitro degradation of dystrophin by endogenuous proteases in human skeletal muscle
Authors: Maltin Charlotte A. , Jones Peter , Mantle David
Published: February 2005

The in vitro degradation of dystrophin protein by endogenous proteases in human skeletal muscle has been investigated using a tissue homogenate assay system with subsequent protein analysis via SDS polyacrylamide electrophoresis and immunoblotting (using a monoclonal antibody to the central rod region of dystrophin). The rate of dystrophin degradation and nature of the proteolytic fragments formed at pH 5.5 and pH 7.5 (corresponding to the two major protease groups of relevance to intracellular protein catabolism) were broadly similar; incorporation of protease inhibitors in the above system suggested that Ca2+ activated proteinase and cathepsin D are principally responsible for the degradation of dystrophin at pH 7.5 and pH 5.5 respectively. The rate of dystrophin degradation at pH 7.5 was reduced by approximately 20% in the presence of 10−5 M clenbuterol, a β-adrenoceptor agonist with therapeutic potential in the treatment of human muscle wasting diseases.
Voltage dependent sodium currents in cultured rat cerebellar granule cells
Authors: Lin Fan , Moran Oscar
Published: February 2005

Sodium currents were studied in granule cells dissociated from rat cerebellum. Macroscopic currents were recorded using the patch-clamp technique. Sudium currents, which are TTX sensitive, reached a maximum peak value of 0.42±0.08 pA/μm2 at 18.4±2.2 mV (n=6). Activation and inactivation kinetics and steady-state properties were described in terms of Hodgkin and Huxley, parameters. The properties of sodium channels in cultured rat cerebellar granule cells are very similar to those reported for various neural preparations.
Epstein-Barr Virus–Associated Lymphoproliferative Disorder Presenting as Apparently Isolated Gastrointestinal Lesions in Childhood
Authors: Sebire N.J. , Malone M. , Risdon R.A. , Ramsay A.D.
Published: February 2005

We present an unusual case of post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) presenting as apparently isolated gastrointestinal lesions in a pediatric renal transplant recipient. The multiple bowel lesions were related to Epstein-Barr virus and demonstrated the appearance of a monomorphic PTLD that was morphologically indistinguishable from diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. The patient responded to therapy with targeted anti-CD20 immunotherapy. PTLD may manifest as apparently isolated gastrointestinal tract lesions in childhood.
Safety and tolerability of olanzapine compared with other antipsychotics in the treatment of elderly patients with schizophrenia: a naturalistic study
Authors: Ciudad Antonio , Montes José-Manuel , Olivares José-Manuel , Gómez Juan-Carlos ,   the EFESO study group
Published: February 2005

Objective

To evaluate the safety and tolerability of olanzapine in the treatment of elderly patients with schizophrenia.

Methods

A total of 135 outpatients with schizophrenia ≥60 years of age were treated with olanzapine (n = 105) or another antipsychotic (n = 30) and followed up for 6 months. Safety measures included the recording of spontaneous adverse events and extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS). Clinical status and effectiveness of the medications were measured using the Clinical Global Impressions-Severity of Illness and the Global Assessment of Function (GAF) scales. Quality of life was assessed by means of the Spanish version of the EuroQol. The Awad scale was applied to evaluate patients’ subjective attitude towards medication.

Results

The incidence of overall adverse events and EPS was non-significantly lower in patients treated with olanzapine than in patients treated with other antipsychotics. The use of anticholinergic drugs was significantly lower (P = 0.04) in patients treated with olanzapine. Both groups of patients experienced similar improvements in Clinical Global Impressions-Severity and GAF scores. Non-significantly greater improvement in the acceptance of medication occurred at endpoint in olanzapine-treated patients than in control patients as measured by the Awad scale. The improvement in the EuroQol quality of life scale achieved at the end of study did not differ between both treatment groups.

Conclusions

Results from this naturalistic study showed that olanzapine was as safe and effective as other antipsychotic drugs in the treatment of elderly patients with schizophrenia.
Regulation of alpha2 adrenergic vascular responses in vivo
Authors: Muszkat M. , Sofowora G. , Wood A.J.J. , Stein C.M.
Published: February 2005

Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2003) 73, P2–P2; doi:
Alpha2 adrenergic receptor‐mediated vascular responses in African Americans and Caucasians
Authors: Muszkat M. , Sofowora G. , Wood A.J.J. , Stein C.M.
Published: February 2005

Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2003) 73, P2–P2; doi:
Evaluating the pharmacology of antimicrobial agents in acne therapy
Authors: Mills O.H. , Rizer R.L. , Berger R.S.
Published: February 2005

Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2003) 73, P4–P4; doi:
Rosacea: Alternative approaches to research and therapy
Authors: Mills O.H. , Rizer R.L. , Fried R.G. , Kligman A.M. , Trookman N.S. , Stoudemayer T.
Published: February 2005

Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2003) 73, P4–P4; doi:
Pharmacokinetics of dexamethasone when given with aprepitant
Authors: McCrea J. , Majumdar A. , Busillo J. , Panebianco D. , Goldberg M.R. , Murphy G. , Gottesdiener K. , Hesney M. , Lates C. , Blum R.
Published: February 2005

Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2003) 73, P5–P5; doi:
Lack of effect of aprepitant on the pharmacokinetics of ondansetron
Authors: McCrea J. , Majumdar A. , Busillo J. , Panebianco D. , Goldberg M.R. , Murphy G. , Gottesdiener K. , Hesney M. , Lates C. , Blum R.
Published: February 2005

Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2003) 73, P6–P6; doi:
Lack of effect of aprepitant on the pharmacokinetics of granisetron
Authors: Petty K.J. , Majumdar A. , Orlowski L.H. , Panebianco D. , Hesney M. , Goldberg M.R. , Murphy G. , Gottesdiener K. , Kraft W.K. , Van Buren S. , Waldman S.A. , Greenberg H.E.
Published: February 2005

Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2003) 73, P6–P6; doi:
Atypical kinetics of CYP2B6‐catalyzed reactions: Evidence for separate binding sites within the active site
Authors: Desta Z. , Ward B.A. , Flockhart D.A.
Published: February 2005

Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2003) 73, P7–P7; doi:
Zydis selegiline population pharmacokinetics from sparse data: Dosing implication
Authors: Williams P. , Shah J. , Lane J. , Capparelli E.
Published: February 2005

Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2003) 73, P7–P7; doi:
Pregnancy outcome and maternal changes in smoking habits with gestational exposure to bupropion
Authors: Chan B.C. , Einarson A. , Selby P.L. , Koren G.
Published: February 2005

Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2003) 73, P8–P8; doi:
Pregnancy outcome in women receiving atypical antipsychotic drugs: A prospective, multicentre, controlled study
Authors: McKenna K. , Levinson A.J. , Einarson A. , Zipursky R.B. , Koren G.
Published: February 2005

Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2003) 73, P9–P9; doi:
Lack of correlation between CYP3A probes and midazolam in healthy caucasian women on or off oral contraceptives (OCS)
Authors: Zhang Y. , Shelepova T. , Godri K. , Bertino J.S. , Nafziger A.N. , Sellers E.M.
Published: February 2005

Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2003) 73, P15–P15; doi:
Droperidol is predominantly metabolized by human CYP3A enzymes
Authors: Lemma G.L. , Desta Z. , Jones D.R. , Gorski J.C. , Hall S.D.
Published: February 2005

Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2003) 73, P16–P16; doi:
Effects of increasing testosterone on zolpidem clearance in vitro
Authors: Olubodun J.O. , von Moltke L.L. , Greenblatt D.J.
Published: February 2005

Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2003) 73, P18–P18; doi:
Induction of the MRP3 transporter by activators of the pregnane X receptor
Authors: Teng S. , Piquette‐Miller M.
Published: February 2005

Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2003) 73, P18–P18; doi:
Fexofenadine and midazolam disposition in relation to genetic polymorphisms of CYP3A, PXR and P‐glycoprotein (PGP)
Authors: Xie R. , Knuth D.M. , Tan L. , Polasek E.C. , Hong C. , Teillol‐Foo M. , Antal E.J.
Published: February 2005

Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2003) 73, P19–P19; doi:
Tolerability and single dose pharmacokinetics of a new PDE5 inhibitor, DA‐8159 in healthy male subjects
Authors: Hong K. , Lim H. , Cho J. , Chung J. , Oh D. , Yi S. , Bae K. , Jang I. , Baik J. , Shin S.
Published: February 2005

Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2003) 73, P20–P20; doi:
Identification of influence of CYP3A5 genetic polymorphism in tacrolimus pharmacokinetics assessed from routine TDM data using population pharmacokinetic approach
Authors: Kim J. , Chung J. , Cho J. , Lim H. , Hong K. , Oh D. , Yi S. , Jang I. , Shin S.
Published: February 2005

Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2003) 73, P20–P20; doi:
Population pharmacokinetic analysis with missing dosage data
Authors: Soy D. , Beal S.L. , Sheiner L.B.
Published: February 2005

Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2003) 73, P21–P21; doi:
Population pharmacokinetic model for nicotine (NIC) metabolism to cotinine (COT) and 3‐hydroxy cotinine (3HC) in healthy volunteers
Authors: Levi M. , Dempsey D.A. , Benowitz N.L. , Sheiner L.B.
Published: February 2005

Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2003) 73, P21–P21; doi:
Use of monte carlo simulation (MCS) to evaluate approaches to optimize carboplatin (CP) regimens
Authors: Bullock J.M. , Forrest A. , Smith P.F.
Published: February 2005

Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2003) 73, P23–P23; doi:
D‐optimal designs for parameter estimation for indirect pharmacodynamic response models
Authors: Khinkis L. , Krzyzanski W. , Jusko W.J. , Greco W.R.
Published: February 2005

Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2003) 73, P23–P23; doi:
Comparison of confidence intervals derived using asymptotic standard errors and boot‐strapping
Authors: Mishina E.V. , Booth B.P. , Gobburu J.V.
Published: February 2005

Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2003) 73, P24–P24; doi:
Randomized Trial of Tacrolimus Versus Cyclosporine in Steroid Withdrawal Regimen After Living Kidney Transplantation
Authors: Huh W. , Lee K. , Lee K. , Kim S. , Joh J. , Oh H.
Published: February 2005

Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2003) 73, P26–P26; doi:
Development of A Concurrent Disorders Training Program for Health Care Professionals
Authors: Busto U.E. , Sproule B.A. , Knight K.
Published: February 2005

Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2003) 73, P26–P26; doi:
Understanding Why Physicians Modify or Ignore Prescribing Guidelines
Authors: Levine M. , Cosby J.L. , Burns S.L.
Published: February 2005

Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2003) 73, P26–P26; doi:
Gender and Analgesia in Osteoarthritis
Authors: Averbuch M. , Katzper M.
Published: February 2005

Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2003) 73, P29–P29; doi:
Precise Percutaneous Sciatic Nerve Injection with Stimulator Needle Localization
Authors: Mannes A. , Neubert J. , Polomano R.C. , Iadarola M.J. , Milton S.
Published: February 2005

Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2003) 73, P30–P30; doi:
Quantitation of First Perceptible and Meaningful Pain Relief in Dental Surgery Patients
Authors: Quiding H. , Desjardins P. , Jeppsson L. , Karlsson P. , Manhem C.G. , Sindet‐Pedersen S. , Svensson O.
Published: February 2005

Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2003) 73, P30–P30; doi:
Cardiovascular Effects of Intravenous Cocaine in Human Volunteers
Authors: Medlock M.M. , Cantilena L. , Haigney M. , Riel M. , Kahn R. , Elkashef A. , Chiang C.N.
Published: February 2005

Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2003) 73, P31–P31; doi:
Quantitative Risk‐Benefit Analysis of A Calcium Channel Antagonist During Regulatory Review
Authors: Nguyen B. , Marroum P.J. , Gobburu J.V.
Published: February 2005

Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2003) 73, P33–P33; doi:
Alosetron Postmarketing Experience
Authors: Mackey A.C. , Brinker A. , Beitz J. , Kress S.
Published: February 2005

Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2003) 73, P34–P34; doi:
QTC Prolongation As A Risk Factor For Mortality in Liver Cirrhosis
Authors: Adigun A.Q. , Chalasani N.P. , Murray M.D. , Ho H. , Hall S.D.
Published: February 2005

Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2003) 73, P34–P34; doi:
Effect of Ketoconazole on The Pharmacokinetics and Safety of Telithromycin and Clarithromycin in Elderly Subjects With Diminished Renal Function
Authors: Shi J. , Chapel S. , Montay G. , Hardy P. , Barrett J. , Sica D. , Swan S. , Noveck R. , Leroy B. , Bhargava V.
Published: February 2005

Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2003) 73, P35–P35; doi:
Multiple Dosing of Dexmethylphenidate HCl (D‐MPH) Does Not Result in Accumulation or Interconversion to L‐Methylphenidate HCl in Male and Female Children
Authors: Scheffler M.R. , Teo S. , Stirling D. , Thomas S. , Khetani V.
Published: February 2005

Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2003) 73, P36–P36; doi:
Evaluation of Inhibitory Effects of Metoclopramide (MET) on CYP2D6 Activity in Infants
Authors: Palmer K.G. , James L.P. , Gaedigk A. , Abdel‐Rahman S.M. , Simpson P.M. , Kearns G.L.
Published: February 2005

Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2003) 73, P37–P37; doi:
Vancomycin Absorption After Intraperitoneal Administration in Children Receiving Peritoneal Dialysis
Authors: Blowey D.L. , Warady B.A. , Manley H.J. , Frye R.F. , Smith C.
Published: February 2005

Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2003) 73, P37–P37; doi:
Comparison of Various Urine Collection Intervals for Caffeine and Dextromethorphan Phenotyping in Children
Authors: Kennedy M. , Abdel‐Rahman S.M. , Simon S.D. , Leeder J.S.
Published: February 2005

Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2003) 73, P38–P38; doi:
Allelic Distribution of CYP3A4 Genetic Polymorphisms in A Korean Population
Authors: Jung H. , Lee S. , Jung H. , Shon J. , Cha I. , Shin J.
Published: February 2005

Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2003) 73, P41–P41; doi:
Herba Epimedii Extract Increases The Digoxin Transport in Transwell Culture of CaCO‐2 Cells in Vitro
Authors: Yoon Y. , Jang J. , Lee S. , Shon J. , Cha I. , Shin J.
Published: February 2005

Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2003) 73, P41–P41; doi:
Genetic Polymorphisms of UDP‐Glucuronosyl‐Transferases in A Healthy Korean Population: UGT1A1, 1A6, 2B4, 2B7 and 2B15 Subfamilies
Authors: Yim D. , Yoon K.
Published: February 2005

Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2003) 73, P41–P41; doi:
Lack of Pharmacokinetic Interaction Co‐Administered of Sirolimus and Tacrolimus
Authors: Patat A. , Zimmerman J.J. , Parks V. , Souan M.
Published: February 2005

Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2003) 73, P43–P43; doi:
Lack of Effect of Tolvaptan on Pharmacokinetics (PK) and Pharmacodynamics (PD) of Warfarin
Authors: Wang Z. , Shoaf S. , Kumara S. , Mallikaarjun S. , Orlandi C. , Bramer S.
Published: February 2005

Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2003) 73, P45–P45; doi:
Assessment of The Pharmacokinetic (PK), Pharmacodynamic (PD) Interaction Potential Between Posaconazole and Glipizide in Healthy Volunteers
Authors: Courtney R. , Sansone A. , Statkevich P. , Martinho M. , Laughlin M.
Published: February 2005

Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2003) 73, P45–P45; doi:
Volume of Grapefruit Juice and Bioavailability of Fexofenadine
Authors: Bailey D. G. , Dresser G. K. , Kim R. B.
Published: February 2005

Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2003) 73, P48–P48; doi:
Comparison of Daily (5 mg/day and 15 mg/day) Oral Dosing Regimens of Risedronate to Healthy Male and Female Volunteers
Authors: Burgio D. E. , Sun L. A. , Russell D. A. , Whitham D. J. , Eusebio R. , Thompson G. A.
Published: February 2005

Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2003) 73, P49–P49; doi:
Physicochemical Factors on The Hydrolysis of Dipyrone
Authors: Ergun H. , Aravind M. , Frattarelli D. A. , Aranda J. V.
Published: February 2005

Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2003) 73, P49–P49; doi:
Neural networks pattern recognition to predict abciximab pharmacodynamics using readily available patient characteristics
Authors: Abernethy D. , Urquidi‐MacDonald M. , Mascelli M. , Frederick B. , Freedman J. , Fitzgerald D. , Kleiman N.
Published: February 2005

Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2003) 73, P51–P51; doi:
Impact of errors in dose time and dose amount assumptions on the population pharmacokinetic analysis of a pediatric data set: A simulation study
Authors: Rajagopalan P. , Gastonguay M.R.
Published: February 2005

Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2003) 73, P52–P52; doi:
Simultaneous (SIM) vs. Sequential (SEQ) Fitting of a Physiological Flow Model (PFM) to Multivariate Pharmacokinetic (MPK) Data
Authors: Zhang L. , Sheiner L.B.
Published: February 2005

Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2003) 73, P53–P53; doi:
Chronic treatment with efalizumab does not deplete lymphocytes as seen in PK/PD study ACD2142G
Authors: Kuebler P. , Joshi A. , Mortensen D. , Krueger J. , Walicke P. , Dummer W. , Gourlay S.
Published: February 2005

Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2003) 73, P53–P53; doi:
Correlation of pharmacogenetic genotype with steady‐state metabolic profiles of tamoxifen: effect on active metabolite concentrations
Authors: Lee K. , Desta Z. , Steans V. , Hayes D.F. , Jones D.R. , Flockhart D.A.
Published: February 2005

Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2003) 73, P55–P55; doi:
Tacrolimus, but not cyclosporine drug levels, are correlated with CYP3A5*3 and CYP3A4*1B genotype; no correlation with the MDR‐1 C3435T polymorphism
Authors: van Schaik R. , Hesselink D.A. , van der Heiden I.P. , van der Werf M. , Lindemans J. , van Gelder T.
Published: February 2005

Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2003) 73, P56–P56; doi:
Reversible jump markov chain monte carlo method for deconvolution
Authors: Kang D.
Published: February 2005

Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2003) 73, P57–P57; doi:
Quantitative basis for aminoglycoside (AG) target concentration intervention from a population pharmacokinetic model (POPPK)
Authors: Holford N.H. , Mathews I. , Kirkpatrick C.
Published: February 2005

Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2003) 73, P57–P57; doi:
The effect of induction conditions and MDR1 genotypes on dicloxacillin pharmacokinetics
Authors: Putnam W. , Desai D.G. , Huang Y. , Woo J.M. , Benet L.Z.
Published: February 2005

Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2003) 73, P57–P57; doi:
Effect of itraconazole on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of fexofenadine in subjects with known genotype of MDR1 3435C>T allele
Authors: Shon J. , Lee I. , Kim M. , Chun H. , Lee J. , Yoon Y. , Cha S. , Kim H. , Shin J.
Published: February 2005

Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2003) 73, P58–P58; doi:
The influence of smoking, alcoholism and genetics on CYP2B6 in human brain
Authors: Miksys S. , Lerman C. , Shields P. , Mash D. , Tyndale R.
Published: February 2005

Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2003) 73, P59–P59; doi:
Use of CPT‐11 as an in vitro phenotypic probe for CYP3A4/CYP3A5 activity
Authors: Ramirez J. , Innocenti F. , Rivory L. P. , Relling M. V. , Schuetz E. G. , Ratain M. J.
Published: February 2005

Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2003) 73, P61–P61; doi:
Differential mechanism‐based inhibition of CYP3A4 and CYP3A5 by grapefruit juice and proadifen
Authors: Adigun A. Q. , Jones D. R. , Hall S. D.
Published: February 2005

Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2003) 73, P61–P61; doi: