bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research on environment and sustainable development education under the background of green ecology
Authors: Liu Gang , Huan Xu , Deng Xin
Published: March 2024

The implementation of environmental and sustainable development goal (SDG) education helps to cultivate people's awareness of environmental protection and the concept of SDG, and is conducive to the protection and management of the environment. However, due to the weak awareness of education and lack of environmental protection knowledge in the environment and SDG education, environmental protection work has been affected. Therefore, this article proposed the implementation strategy of environment and SDG education from the perspective of green ecology. This research utilized datasets agricultural biomass accumulated from five cities of Guandong (i.e., Foshan [F], Heshan [H], Nanxiong [N], and Shantou [S]) province, China. Through experimental research, the utilization rate of agricultural waste and utilization ratio of straw was explored by using data envelopment analysis, and then, the environmental awareness of students and the environmental education level of teachers under the environmental and SDG education strategies of green ecological concept were combined. The results showed that the proportion of straw waste biomass utilization in S city was the highest among the four cities; the implementation strategy of environment and SDG education proposed in this article can enhance students’ awareness of environmental protection by 5.21% and improve environmental education level of teachers by 9.51%.
Actors' perspectives on barriers to the use of sewage sludge in Sweden
Authors: Johansson Oskar , Pettersson Maria , Bauer Torben
Published: March 2024

Land application of sewage sludge has long been subject to concern. Among the reasons for these concerns are, for example, the occurrence of odours and the risk of spreading heavy metals and pathogens, but also a negative perception regarding the use of sludge. In this paper, we focus on the actors' perceptions of sewage sludge use and investigate, through a series of interviews with key actors and stakeholders in the sewage sludge management chain, how technology, the regulatory framework or public perception may function as barriers to valuing sewage sludge as a resource. The uncertainty following outdated legislation and constantly changing policies are frequently mentioned as the main barriers to investment in new technologies, which, in the respondents' opinion, creates a deadlock within the sector with no clear path forward. Although all respondents act and argue with a focus on environment and circularity, their overall sludge management strategies, as well as the issues they focus on, differ. Our study indicates that Swedish sludge management is, to a large extent, siloed and there is a clear need for a more holistic approach that can help actors to target common issues.
Future projection of water resources based on digitalisation and open data in a water-rich region: a case study of the city of Klagenfurt
Authors: Oberascher Martin , Maussner Claudia , Truppe Dietmar , Eggeling Eva , Sitzenfrei Robert
Published: March 2024

Implementation of different strategies on the demand and supply side to deal with potential water scarcity is based on a comparison of future water demand and availability of water resources based on different scenarios of climate change and population growth. Especially, the Alpine region is characterised by many small and medium water supply systems (WSSs) having neither human resources nor time for advanced planning, requiring simple methods for estimating future development. Therefore, the aim of this work is to provide future projections of water demand, resource availability, and drinking water quality for an Alpine area based on simple approaches with minimal data requirements. As the results of the case study show, linear and polynomial regression with precipitation and temperature data can illustrate the temporal variation of system input and drinking water temperature with sufficient accuracy and is suitable for an estimation of future development. The groundwater modelling, however, requires the consideration of a non-linear term depending on the depth to obtain reasonable results. Due to the usage of open-access data and the easy approaches developed and applied, a good transferability to other case studies is expected which can provide stakeholders a first assessment of the future need for action.
Carbon-based Nanomaterials in Photothermal Therapy Guided by Photoacoustic Imaging: State of Knowledge and Recent Advances
Authors: Xing Yan , Jing Rui , Kang Jun , Li Yuwen , Zhang Hui , Tang Xiaoying , Jiang Zhenqi
Published: March 2024

Carbon-based nanomaterials (CBNM) have been widely used in various
fields due to their excellent physicochemical properties. In particular, in the area of tumor
diagnosis and treatment, researchers have frequently reported them for their potential
fluorescence, photoacoustic (PA), and ultrasound imaging performance, as well as
their photothermal, photodynamic, sonodynamic, and other therapeutic properties. As
the functions of CBNM are increasingly developed, their excellent imaging properties
and superior tumor treatment effects make them extremely promising theranostic agents.
This review aims to integrate the considered and researched information in a specific
field of this research topic and systematically present, summarize, and comment on the
efforts made by authoritative scholars. In this review, we summarized the work exploring
carbon-based materials in the field of tumor imaging and therapy, focusing on PA
imaging-guided photothermal therapy (PTT) and discussing their imaging and therapeutic
mechanisms and developments. Finally, the current challenges and potential opportunities
of carbon-based materials for PA imaging-guided PTT are presented, and issues
that researchers should be aware of when studying CBNM are provided.
Fragment-based Drug Discovery Strategy and its Application to the Design of SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease Inhibitor
Authors: Jiang Yu , Wu Yingnan , Wang Jing , Ma Yuheng , Yu Hui , Wang Zhanli
Published: March 2024

:

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Type 2 (SARS-CoV-2)
emerged at the end of 2019, causing a highly infectious and pathogenic disease known
as 2019 coronavirus disease. This disease poses a serious threat to human health and
public safety. The SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro) is a highly sought-after target for
developing drugs against COVID-19 due to its exceptional specificity. Its crystal structure
has been extensively documented. Numerous strategies have been employed in the
investigation of Mpro inhibitors. This paper is primarily concerned with Fragment-based
Drug Discovery (FBDD), which has emerged as an effective approach to drug design in
recent times. Here, we summarize the research on the approach of FBDD and its application
in developing inhibitors for SARS-CoV-2 Mpro.
Disruptions of Gut Microbiota are Associated with Cognitive Deficit of
Preclinical Alzheimer's Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Yu Binbin , Wan Guomeng , Cheng Shupeng , Wen Pengcheng , Yang Xi , Li Jiahuan , Tian Huifang , Gao Yaxin , Zhong Qian , Liu Jin , Li Jianan , Zhu Yi
Published: March 2024

Background:

Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is the most prevalent type of dementia. The
early change of gut microbiota is a potential biomarker for preclinical AD patients.

Objective:

The study aimed to explore changes in gut microbiota characteristics in preclinical AD
patients, including those with Subjective Cognitive Decline (SCD) and Mild Cognitive Impairment
(MCI), and detect the correlation between gut microbiota characteristics and cognitive performances.

Methods:

This study included 117 participants [33 MCI, 54 SCD, and 30 Healthy Controls (HC)].
We collected fresh fecal samples and blood samples from all participants and evaluated their cognitive
performance. We analyzed the diversity and structure of gut microbiota in all participants
through qPCR, screened characteristic microbial species through machine learning models, and explored
the correlations between these species and cognitive performances and serum indicators.

Results:

Compared to the healthy controls, the structure of gut microbiota in MCI and SCD patients
was significantly different. The three characteristic microorganisms, including Bacteroides
ovatus, Bifidobacterium adolescentis, and Roseburia inulinivorans, were screened based on the
best classification model (HC and MCI) having intergroup differences. Bifidobacterium adolescentis
is associated with better performance in multiple cognitive scores and several serum indicators.
Roseburia inulinivorans showed negative correlations with the scores of the Functional Activities
Questionnaire (FAQ).

Conclusion:

The gut microbiota in patients with preclinical AD has significantly changed in terms
of composition and richness. Correlations have been discovered between changes in characteristic
species and cognitive performances. Gut microbiota alterations have shown promise in affecting
AD pathology and cognitive deficit.
Current Progress on Central Cholinergic Receptors as Therapeutic
Targets for Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Nagori Kushagra , Pradhan Madhulika , Sharma Mukesh , Ajazuddin  , Badwaik Hemant R. , Nakhate Kartik T.
Published: March 2024

Acetylcholine (ACh) is ubiquitously present in the nervous system and has been involved in the regulation of various brain functions. By modulating synaptic transmission and promoting synaptic plasticity, particularly in the hippocampus and cortex, ACh plays a pivotal role in
the regulation of learning and memory. These procognitive actions of ACh are mediated by the
neuronal muscarinic and nicotinic cholinergic receptors. The impairment of cholinergic transmission leads to cognitive decline associated with aging and dementia. Therefore, the cholinergic system has been of prime focus when concerned with Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the most common
cause of dementia. In AD, the extensive destruction of cholinergic neurons occurs by amyloid-β
plaques and tau protein-rich neurofibrillary tangles. Amyloid-β also blocks cholinergic receptors
and obstructs neuronal signaling. This makes the central cholinergic system an important target
for the development of drugs for AD. In fact, centrally acting cholinesterase inhibitors like
donepezil and rivastigmine are approved for the treatment of AD, although the outcome is not satisfactory. Therefore, identification of specific subtypes of cholinergic receptors involved in the
pathogenesis of AD is essential to develop future drugs. Also, the identification of endogenous rescue mechanisms to the cholinergic system can pave the way for new drug development. In this article, we discussed the neuroanatomy of the central cholinergic system. Further, various subtypes of
muscarinic and nicotinic receptors involved in the cognition and pathophysiology of AD are described in detail. The article also reviewed primary neurotransmitters that regulate cognitive processes by modulating basal forebrain cholinergic projection neurons.
Comparative Outcomes of Intravenous, Intranasal, and Intracerebroventricular Transplantation of Human Neural Stem Cells in Mice Model of Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Zhang Mengze , Song Yaying , Xie Chong , Guan Yangtai
Published: March 2024

Background:

Transplantation of neural stem cells improves ischemic stroke outcomes
in rodent models and is currently in the clinical test stage. However, the optimal delivery route to
achieve improved efficacy remains undetermined.

Objective:

This study aims to evaluate three more clinically feasible delivery routes: intravenous
(IV), intranasal (IN), and intracerebroventricular (ICV). We compared the therapeutic efficacies
of the three routes of transplanting human neural stem cells (hNSCs) into mice with permanent
middle cerebral artery obstruction (pMCAO).

Methods:

Behavioral tests and cresyl violet staining were used to evaluate the therapeutic efficacies
of functional recovery and lesion volumes. The expression of proinflammatory cytokines and
neurotrophic factors was measured by real-time PCR. The distribution and differentiation of hNSCs
were determined by immunofluorescence staining. The effect on endogenous neurogenesis
and astrocyte function were determined by immunofluorescence staining and western blot.

Results:

hNSC transplantation using the three routes improved behavioral outcomes and reduced
lesion volumes; IV transplantation of hNSCs results in earlier efficacy and improves the inflammatory
microenvironment. The long-term distribution and differentiation of transplanted hNSCs in
the peri-infarct areas can only be evaluated using ICV delivery. IV and ICV transplantation of hNSCs
promote neurogenesis and modulate the dual function of astrocytes in the peri-infarct areas.

Conclusion:

IV and IN delivery is suitable for repeated administration of hNSCs to achieve improved
prognosis. Comparatively, ICV transplantation provides long-term efficacy at lower doses
and fewer administration times.
A Review on Tau Targeting Biomimetics Nano Formulations: Novel
Approach for Targeting Alzheimer's Diseases
Authors: Singh Aditya , Maheshwari Shubhrat , Yadav Jagat P. , Varshney Aditya P. , Singh Sudarshan , Prajapati Bhupendra G.
Published: March 2024

:

Central nervous system disorders are prevalent, profoundly debilitating, and poorly
managed. Developing innovative treatments for these conditions, including Alzheimer's disease,
could significantly improve patients' quality of life and reduce the future economic burden on
healthcare systems. However, groundbreaking drugs for central nervous system disorders have
been scarce in recent years, highlighting the pressing need for advancements in this field. One significant
challenge in the realm of nanotherapeutics is ensuring the precise delivery of drugs to their
intended targets due to the complex nature of Alzheimer's disease. Although numerous therapeutic
approaches for Alzheimer's have been explored, most drug candidates targeting amyloid-β have
failed in clinical trials. Recent research has revealed that tau pathology can occur independently of
amyloid-β and is closely correlated with the clinical progression of Alzheimer's symptoms. This
discovery suggests that tau could be a promising therapeutic target. One viable approach to managing
central nervous system disorders is the administration of nanoparticles to neurons, intending to
inhibit tau aggregation by directly targeting p-tau. In Alzheimer's disease, beta-amyloid plaques
and neurofibrillary tau tangles hinder neuron transmission and function. The disease also triggers
persistent inflammation, compromises the blood-brain barrier, leads to brain shrinkage, and causes
neuronal loss. While current medications primarily manage symptoms and slow cognitive decline,
there is no cure for Alzheimer's.
Electrochemical Detection of Nitrofurantoin using Green Synthesized
Silver-doped Palladium Nanocluster-Modified Sensor
Authors: Subash Rounak , Sridharan Gokul , Nallaswamy Deepak , Atchudan Raji , Arya Sandeep , Sundramoorthy Ashok K.
Published: March 2024

Aim:

This study presents a novel green synthesis approach for successfully fabricating
silver-doped palladium nanoclusters (Ag-Pd NCs) using the aqueous leaf extract of Strobilanthes
kunthiana as a reducing and stabilizing agent.

Background:

The environmentally benign method offers a sustainable alternative to conventional
chemical synthesis, circumventing hazardous chemicals and minimizing the generation of toxic byproducts.

Objectives:

The successful green synthesis of Ag-Pd NCs using Strobilanthes kunthiana leaf extract
and their application as an efficient electrochemical sensing platform for determining nitrofurantoin
(NFT).

Methods::

The synthesized Ag-Pd NCs were extensively characterized by using diverse analytical techniques,
including UV-Vis spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), field-emission scanning electron
microscopy (FE-SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and cyclic voltammetry (CV).

Results:

As-synthesized Ag-Pd NCs were employed as a sensing platform for electrochemical detection
of NFT, an important antibiotic widely used in clinical applications. The electrochemical method
demonstrated a remarkable sensitivity of about 1.56 μA μM−1 cm−2, the lowest detection limit
(LOD) of 3.2 μM and a linear range of determination from 5 to 210 μM. This new electrochemical
sensor exhibited excellent stability and reproducibility, making it suitable for practical applications
in real-world samples.

Conclusions:

The green synthesis of Ag-Pd NCs using Strobilanthes kunthiana leaf extract and their
application as an efficient electrochemical sensing platform for detecting NFT was demonstrated. The
combination of green synthesis and advanced electrochemical sensing underscores the potential of these
nanomaterials in developing environmentally friendly sensors for pharmaceutical analysis and clinical
diagnostics. The findings presented herein will contribute to the growing field of green nanotechnology
and sustainable sensor development for advanced healthcare and environmental monitoring.
Erosion Prediction Gaussian Process Regression Algorithm for Alumina
and Chromia Reinforced Nickel-Based High-Velocity Oxy-Fuel Coatings
Authors: Singh Jashanpreet , Kumar Satish , Vasudev Hitesh , Kumar Ranvijay
Published: March 2024

Background::

Machine learning (ML) methodologies have demonstrated efficacy in the
determination of erosion rates and material removal. In this context, a novel Erosion Prediction
Gaussian Process Regression Algorithm (EPGPRA) was developed to predict the volumetric erosion
in thermal spray coatings.

Aim::

In this patent, a novel EPGPRA based model was developed to predict the volumetric loss of
30Al2O3 and 20Cr2O3 reinforced Ni-based coatings deposited using a high-velocity oxy-fuel
(HVOF) process.

Objective::

The objective of this patent is to develop a GPR model for the prediction of Ni-30Al2O3
and Ni-20Cr2O3 coatings.

Methods::

Spraying powders were applied to the SS316L steel substrate in order to develop coatings.
An erosion tester was used in order to investigate the wear resistance of HVOF-coated steel.
The gathered experimental dataset is put to use in the construction of a powerful GPR model. The
outcomes from GPR model were then measured against the values obtained from the experiments.
To demonstrate the accuracy of the GPR model, the produced model is evaluated against various
cutting-edge machine learning methods.

Results::

This innovation was successful in terms of developing a new GPR model for wear prediction.
The discrepancy between the actual and expected values is the smallest for Matern 5/2 (M5/2)
GPR in the validation set. It was also lesser as compared to Ensemble Boosted Trees, Support Vector
Machine, Linear regression, and Fine Tree. In terms of MSE, MAE, RMSE, and R2 the accuracy
performance of the M5/2 GPR model was determined to be 9.8565×10-5, 0.0048884, 0.009928, and
0.93 correspondingly. Ni-Chromia coating performed better than the Ni-Alumina.

Conclusion::

As per this patent, a novel EPGPRA-based model was developed, which is the better
machine learning technique for wear prediction of Ni-based HVOF coatings.
Long COVID: A Case Report of Long SARS-CoV-2 for One Year
Authors: Mottaghi-Dastjerdi Negar , Yadollahzadeh Mahdi , Farasatinasab Maryam , Owliaey Hamid , Shariatpanahi Marjan
Published: March 2024

Introduction:

‘Long COVID’ describes a wide range of symptoms lasting for at least four
weeks after infection. Still, there are no therapies available right now that are intended to treat longterm
COVID-19.

Case Presentation:

Here, we reported a 36-year-old woman with 2 main issues: persistent symptoms
for nine months after SARS-CoV-2 infection and selected symptoms after Sinopharm COVID-19
vaccination. In this case, after the third infection, severe fatigue, panic attacks and dermatological
problems were permanent for approximately nine months. As there was no alternative diagnosis, she
was diagnosed with ’long COVID’, and it is the longest duration recorded, as per our knowledge.
Besides, 60 days after the second vaccination, pain in the calcaneus region of her left foot, mild chest
pain, joint pain, severe shoulder pain, extreme fatigue, and numbness were among the reported
symptoms.

Conclusion:

Although these uncommon complications can be related to vaccination, the advantages
of obtaining the vaccine exceed the risks.
Beyond Gaming: Exploring Unique Applications of the Metaverse
Authors: Bhardwaj Akashdeep
Published: March 2024

The concept of the Metaverse has long been associated with the world of
gaming, but its potential extends far beyond this. With the development of virtual and
augmented reality technologies, Metaverse has opened a new frontier for various
industries to explore. This chapter delves into the unique applications of the Metaverse
beyond gaming. It explores how the Metaverse can be utilized in education, healthcare,
social media, e-commerce, and more. The chapter examines case studies of successful
Metaverse applications and discusses the challenges that come with implementing
them. Overall, this chapter provides a comprehensive view of the diverse opportunities
that the Metaverse holds for various industries, paving the way for a more immersive
and interconnected future
Evolution of Virtual Economies: From Cryptocurrencies to Digital Assets
Authors: Bhardwaj Akashdeep
Published: March 2024

The chapter begins by introducing the concept of virtual economies and their
growing significance in the metaverse. It highlights the pivotal role played by
cryptocurrencies, such as Bitcoin, in transforming the landscape of virtual transactions.
The benefits and challenges of using cryptocurrencies as a medium of exchange in
virtual worlds are discussed, alongside the disruptive potential of blockchain
technology in enabling secure and decentralized transactions. Furthermore, the chapter
delves into the integration of virtual currencies within online gaming platforms, where
virtual economies have thrived. It explores the evolution of in-game currencies and the
monetization models employed by game developers. The emergence of virtual
marketplaces is also examined, wherein users can buy, sell, and trade digital assets. The
significance of non-fungible tokens (NFTs) in establishing ownership and uniqueness
of digital assets is explored within this context. The real-world impact and economic
significance of virtual economies are then analyzed. The chapter investigates how
virtual economies have influenced various industries, including gaming, entertainment,
and art. It delves into revenue generation and job creation within these virtual
economies, showcasing their potential to disrupt traditional financial systems.

The chapter also acknowledges the challenges and risks associated with virtual
economies. Issues such as fraud and regulatory concerns are discussed, along with
potential scalability and interoperability obstacles. Finally, the chapter concludes by
summarizing key points and providing insights into future trends and developments in
virtual economies. It emphasizes the transformative potential of these economies,
offering a glimpse into the promising and complex future of the metaverse.
Pengaruh Usia Potong dan Dosis Pupuk Urea Terhadap Kandungan Nutrien dan Kecernaan Sorgum Varietas Samurai 1 Sebagai Pakan Ruminansia
Authors: Anwar Efendi Harahap  , Luki Abdullah  , Panca Dewi Manuhara Karti  , Despal
Published: March 2024

Kesulitan penyediaan pakan hijauan pada pengembangan peternakan ruminansia dapat diatasi dengan penggunaan sorgum  karena  mampu menghemat biaya pakan akibat pemanenan yang dilakukan berkali kali pada satu periode penanaman. Penelitian bertujuan mengevaluasi nilai nutrien dan kecernaan sorgum samurai akibat waktu panen dan pupuk urea yang berbeda pada panen pertama. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan yaitu RAL Pola Faktorial (3x3) dengan 4 ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah perlakuan usia potong 80, 85 dan 90 hari setelah tanam (HST) dan faktor kedua adalah perlakuan dosis pupuk urea terdiri dari 200, 300 dan 400 kg ha-1. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat interaksi (p<0.05) pada perlakuan protein kasar dan NDF, bahan kering dipengaruhi (p<0.05) usia potong serta ADF (p<0.05) dipengaruhi dosis pupuk urea. WSC dan GE tidak dipengaruhi (p>0.05) usia potong, dosis pupuk dan interaksinya. Selanjutnya KcBK dan KcBO juga tidak dipengaruhi (p>0.05) usia potong dan pemberian pupuk  Waktu panen sorgum samurai 1 usia potong 80 HST dan dosis pupuk urea 200 kg ha-1 menjadi pilihan peternak karena mampu menghasilkan pakan kaya nutrisi sebagai bahan baku pakan ternak ruminansia.
Efisiensi Pakan, Energi Bruto Dan Feed Conversion Ratio Sapi Friesian Holstein Indonesia Pada Periode Laktasi Yang Berbeda
Authors: Didik Nur Edi  , St. Theresia Sri Wulandari Setiawanti  , Arnanda Padang Rachmasari
Published: March 2024

Efisiensi pakan merupakan refleksi dari Feed Conversion Ratio dan Feed Conversion Efficiency. Energi bruto mewakili total energi yang tersedia dalam pakan, sebagian dari energi itu hilang menjadi feses. Penelitian ini bertujuan membandingkan dan mengidentifikasi efisiensi pakan, energi bruto dan feed conversion ratio sapi FH Indonesia pada beberapa periode laktasi yang berbeda. Materi yang digunakan 15 ekor sapi perah Friesien Holstein (FH) Indonesia dengan periode laktasi I-IV masing-masing sebanyak 6,4,3 dan 2 ekor. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif analitis dengan menghitung rata-rata. Parameter yang dihitung meliputi efisiensi pakan, feed conversion ratio dan efisiensi energi bruto. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan periode laktasi ketiga adalah paling optimal dalam mengkonversi nutrien pakan untuk menjadi produk susu dengan nilai efisiensi pakan, feed convertion ratio dan efisiensi energi bruto masing-masing sebesar 82,85%, 1,21 dan 0,26
Which internet content is often used and influenced behavior? A phenomenology about students in senior high school
Authors: Martiana Aris , Dwiningrum Siti Irene Astuti , Retnawati Heri , Setiawan Caly
Published: March 2024

At present, most students in the world, as well as Indonesia, especially senior high school students, have used the Internet for various purposes. Internet content presented on different platforms can now be accessed easily. Consciously or not, this media content influences their behavior. There is a lot of freely submitted content, which is worth knowing the impact. The question related to this study is which internet content is often used and affects high school students' behavior. Qualitative methods with phenomenology have informants from the western, central, and eastern parts of Indonesia. Data were collected using observation, Google Forms, and interviews for the selected. It uses a sampling technique of 39 informants. The validity of the research used is source triangulation in the next stage, namely analyzing data with Milles Huberman interactive analysis. Data analysis carried out is data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion. Content often used is entertainment and educational content, while content that can influence behavior is entertainment, education, health, food and cuisine, religious, beauty, motivational, art, and game content. The content is accessed through various platforms such as social media: YouTube, TikTok, Instagram, Twitter, podcasts, etc.
The contribution of mass media in the life of the nation and state
Authors: Setiawan Benni
Published: March 2024

Magazine Adil has done is proof that mass media has an important role in realizing a good life. One of the manifestations of a good life is independence. Magazine Adil is one of the media that participates in being a reporter towards the independence of the Republic of Indonesia with a variety of news wrapped in Islam rahmatan lil alamin.
Non-Pharmacological Intervention to Improve Motivation Among Patients with Schizophrenia - A Scoping Review
Authors: Zainal Kharib Nur Ain , Dahlan Akehsan , Sultan Ibrahim Syamsul Anwar , Pratiwi Andriani
Published: March 2024

In recent years, recognition of motivational deficits in individuals with schizophrenia has grown, leading to increased exploration of non-pharmacological interventions in mental health.  This review maps the literature on such treatments targeting motivational impairments in schizophrenia, aiming to identify gaps and suggest future research directions.  The review identified 16 articles out of 80, predominantly randomized controlled trials.  Various interventions, including cognitive training, behavioral programs, and mobile apps, have been identified to enhance motivation in this population.  Despite limitations, the review provides a comprehensive overview and establishes a foundation for further research in enhancing motivation interventions for schizophrenia.
Effects of Traditional Malay Massage on Muscle Tone, Muscle Function and Physical Performance in Patients with Stroke
Authors: Rosli Rosyahairani , Gopala Krishna Pillai Sharmila , Mohan Vikram , Mirza Fatim Tahirah
Published: March 2024

Traditional Malay Massage (TMM), although is not the standard of care in the Malaysia Stroke Clinical Practice Guidelines, is common among stroke patients. This is despite the availability of clear evidence on the benefits of TMM in this population. The present study aims to investigate the effects of TMM on muscle tone, muscle function and physical performance in stroke patients. We found that as short as two weeks of TMM improved motor function and physical performance in subacute stroke patients.  No change was observed on muscle tone. Future larger scale study is warranted to validate this finding.
Towards Sustainable Food Systems: Exploring the impact of food allergies on health and well-being in university settings
Authors: Abdull Aziz Ainul Hayati , Din Norrina , Abdullah Dahlan , Devi Mazarina
Published: March 2024

Food allergies have a detrimental effect on the quality of life, economy, education, and can even be fatal. Food choice decisions among university-aged consumers with food allergies have been understudied. Therefore, this conceptual paper aims to investigate the impact of food allergies on the food choice behaviour of university students with food allergies. The implications of this research extend beyond academic circles. By providing a nuanced understanding of the interplay between food allergies and food choices, this conceptual paper calls for proactive measures to address the unique challenges faced by this demographic in navigating their dietary preferences within university settings.
Development and Validation of Hypertension Educational e-Book for Children Aged 10 to 12 Years Old
Authors: Ismail Nazrul Hadi , Aziran Athirah Fathnin , Ab Hamid Mohd Ramadan , Al Mukhlas Fikri
Published: March 2024

Early childhood education is crucial in preventing disease, and the sustainability of healthy behaviour throughout this stage will develop a healthy adult in the future. To our knowledge, no widely specific booklet is documented in Malay that emphasises the targeted population, which is primary school kids for public use. Therefore, this study intended to develop a child-friendly hypertension e-book for children aged 10-12. This research employed design and development research, which embodied three phases: (I) analysis of hypertension-related information, (II) design and development, and (III) expert validation. Seven experts selected and used the ECVIH to validate the e-book content.
Staff Retention among Employees in Malaysian Financial Institutions
Authors: Mustafa Tismazammi , Setapa Mariam , Che Cob Che Mohd Syaharuddin , Mohammad Noorita , Ab Rahman Abdul Rahim , Herman Hendri
Published: March 2024

This study investigates the retention of employees at a local commercial bank with a sample of 100. This study aims to assess flexible working arrangements, training and career development, compensation and benefits, and job and organisation fit that influence the retention of employees. This study found that only flexible working arrangements influence employee retention. The research findings assist respective bank management in formulating efficient human resource strategies. Understanding the variables that impact the retention of employees enables targeted interventions to improve employee happiness, engagement, and turnover rates.
Government Valuers’ Perception on the Current Practice of Ecosystem Service Valuation in Malaysia
Authors: Wan Ab Rashid Wan Nur Ayuni , Mohamad Junainah , Kesumo Wardhani Nurhastuty
Published: March 2024

The study explores Malaysian valuers' perception of ecosystem service valuation, focusing on the valuation approach, factors affecting ES value, and the provision of ES. The qualitative research design involved conducting interviews with experts in ecosystem service valuation to gain a deeper understanding of their perspectives and methods. This study offers crucial insights into the provision of valuation techniques for ES standards, serving as a guide for analyses and addressing current legal needs. This study will contribute to the existing body of knowledge and help practitioners who may use the study's findings in practical settings.
Purposes of using Social Media from the Islamic Perspective as Motivations according to Experts in Islamic and Communication Studies
Authors: Razali Siti Fatimah , Shafie Mohd Shafiei , Azzaat Md Azzaat Ahsanie , Salahudin S Salahudin bin Suyurno , Sufiean Mohd Sufiean , Ilyas Ilyas Supena
Published: March 2024

Today, social media has become a crucial thing in human life. However, the main purposes of using social media from the Islamic perspective remain unclear.  Thus, this paper aims to outline the objectives of using social media from Islamic perspectives as a guideline. this study used a qualitative approach to collect data through content analysis and interviews using thematic analysis. this research found five main objectives from the Islamic perspective; for Islamic teachings (da’wah); to build relationships; to educate; to enjoin good and forbid harm; and to maintain digital well-being that believe can be a guideline in using social media.

 

Keywords: responsible use of social media, motivation of using social media, the purpose of using social media, sustainable environment for social media.
Assessing the Market Potential of Mamachef's Purply Ice Cream Made from Underutilized Local Crops in Malaysian Retail Markets
Authors: Muhammad Rosmaliza , MD Nor Norazmir , Mat Yusoff @ Mohd Yusof Norhayati , Fikri Al Mukhlas
Published: March 2024

The Mamachef Purply Ice Cream is developed from purple sweet potato. A sensory analysis and interview session was done with 11 trained panelists. The data has been analyzed using Atlas.ti based on thematic analyses. This unique ice cream is like other commercial ice cream, with natural purple color, and free from food additives. Its flesh also acts as a fat replacer in the Mamachef Purply Ice Cream. The processing of Mamachef Purply Ice Cream would increase the economic aspects among small and medium entrepreneurs (SMEs) and farmers and has an excellent potential to be marketed commercial food outlets.
A Review of the Treatment for Low Back Pain among Adolescent Athletes
Authors: Sun Wen Qiang , Zarina Zahari  , Saiful Adli Bukry  , Wang Ye Hong
Published: March 2024

Background  Nowadays there is an increased prevalence of adolescent athletes suffer from LBP. Early effective treatment can improve athletes' performance and delay their careers. Obiectives To identify the effective treatment for adolescent athletes with LBP. Methods Electronic searching on database from inception to January 2024 was used to retrieve articles. The assessment for quality used McMaster Critical Review Form for Quantitative Studies. Findings Only 4 articles met the inclusion criteria. Implications This study provides different treatments form LBP in adolescent athletes. However, which type of treatment is more effective needs further research.
Radiological detriment: application of the new risk metric of International Commission on Radiological Protection
Authors:   A. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Centre – branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Centre of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (A. Tsyb MRRC), Ivanov V.K. ,   Joint Stock Company PRORYV, Menyajlo A.N. ,   A. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Centre – branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Centre of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (A. Tsyb MRRC), Chekin S.Yu. ,   A. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Centre – branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Centre of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (A. Tsyb MRRC), Kashcheeva P.V. ,   A. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Centre – branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Centre of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (A. Tsyb MRRC)
Published: March 2024

Currently, the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) is discussing the practical application of a new radiation risk metric, called radiological detriment (RD). The concept of RD was first introduced by the ICRP in Publication 22 more than 30 years ago. At the same time, it was important to assess both the risk of radiation induced cancer development and the quality of the future life of patients. Of great interest is the comparison of RD and the lifetime attributable risk (LAR), which is currently widely used in assessing radiation safety. In this study, а comparison of RD and LAR estimates was made for the population living near the fabrication/refabrication module (FRM) of the Pilot Demonstration Energy Complex, that is currently under construction in the city of Seversk, Tomsk region. It is shown that during normal operation of the FRM and after a beyond design basis accident, the RD value is approximately 20% higher than the LAR value. Thus, the LAR value of mortality for residents of the city of Seversk during normal operation of the FRM is 40 times lower than the negligible risk level according to NRB-99/2009 (10Е-6 year-1), while the RD value remains 32 times lower than the negligible level. The simultaneous estimation of the RD and LAR values performed for the first time shows the possibility of their effective use for assessing the level of radiological protection of the population and workers.
Digital Interventions for Combating Internet Addiction in Young Children: Qualitative Study of Parent and Therapist Perspectives
Authors: Theopilus Yansen , Al Mahmud Abdullah , Davis Hilary , Octavia Johanna Renny
Published: March 2024

Background

Internet addiction is an emerging mental health issue in this digital age. Nowadays, children start using the internet in early childhood, thus making them vulnerable to addictive use. Previous studies have reported that the risk of internet addiction tends to be higher in lower-income regions with lower quality of life, such as Indonesia. Indonesia has high risks and prevalence of internet addiction, including in children. Digital interventions have been developed as an option to combat internet addiction in children. However, little is known about what parents and therapists in Indonesia perceive about these types of interventions.

Objective

This study aims to investigate the experiences, perceptions, and considerations of parents and therapists regarding digital interventions for combating internet addiction in young Indonesian children.

Methods

This study used a qualitative exploratory approach through semistructured interviews. We involved 22 parents of children aged 7 to 11 years and 6 experienced internet addiction therapists for children. The interview data were transcribed and analyzed using thematic analysis.

Results

Participants in this study recognized 3 existing digital interventions to combat internet addiction: Google Family Link, YouTube Kids, and Apple parental control. They perceived that digital interventions could be beneficial in continuously promoting healthy digital behavior in children and supporting parents in supervision. However, the existing interventions were not highly used due to limitations such as the apps’ functionality and usability, parental capability, parent-child relationships, cultural incompatibility, and data privacy.

Conclusions

The findings suggest that digital interventions should focus not only on restricting and monitoring screen time but also on suggesting substitutive activities for children, developing children’s competencies to combat addictive behavior, improving digital literacy in children and parents, and supporting parental decision-making to promote healthy digital behavior in their children. Suggestions for future digital interventions are provided, such as making the existing features more usable and relatable, investigating gamification features to enhance parental motivation and capability in managing their children’s internet use, providing tailored or personalized content to suit users’ characteristics, and considering the provision of training and information about the use of interventions and privacy agreements.
The importance of trust in a virtual community of practice in menopause: A cross-sectional study of a menopause-focused Telegram group (Preprint)
Authors: Levine Livia , Benis Arriel , Kaplan Bari , Wiesel Marine , Maizels Yael
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND

Background: Virtual communities of practice are an important avenue for knowledge sharing within medical specialties. This form of continuing education can directly impact patient care and treatment outcomes. The field of menopause has been largely neglected in medical education, and therefore many health care practitioners feel ill-equipped to address patient needs. This is complicated by the fact that many patients are opposed to using hormone replacement therapy, and it is not relevant for a significant portion of women.

OBJECTIVE

Objective: The goal of this study was to investigate which factors are essential to establish trust of the participants in this virtual community of practice so that it can serve as an effective form of continuing education in order to establish guidelines for communities in other fields of medicine.

METHODS

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted between December 5th, 2022, and June 1st, 2023, of participants in a virtual community of practice focused on menopause in Israel. Participants responded to questions regarding their use of the community and its utility. Ordinal regression analysis was used to identify the strength of relationships between the variables.

RESULTS

Results: Of the 306 professionals in the group, 91 participated (29.7%). The participants included 77 physicians (84.6%). The majority of participants checked the group once a week or less (50/91, 54.9%). Participants were more likely to ask questions than answer with 64/90 (71.1%) asking questions and 44/91 (48.4%) answering. The majority of participants who answered more than once a month were OB/GYNs (8/11, 72.7%) and were more likely to have completed residency more than 15 years ago. The majority of participants felt the group increased their knowledge base (46/91, 50.5%), was relevant (73/91, 80.2%), and included interesting articles (61/91, 67.0%). The overwhelming majority felt that they could trust the group (72/89, 81%). Women are more trusting of men, and junior HCPs are more trusting. Those HCPs who found the group increased their knowledge base, provided relevant information and interesting articles were most likely to report high trust. Ordinal regression analysis showed that finding the groups’ posts informative was related to high trust, whereas the frequency with which participants checked the group was not related.

CONCLUSIONS

Conclusion:
These findings suggest that quality of information provided in VCoPs are an important predictor of the level of trust of the participants. The high levels of trust in this community make it a powerful tool for continuing education in a field where knowledge gaps and controversies exist.
Enhancing Medical Interview Skills Through AI-Simulated Patient Interactions: Nonrandomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Yamamoto Akira , Koda Masahide , Ogawa Hiroko , Miyoshi Tomoko , Maeda Yoshinobu , Otsuka Fumio , Ino Hideo
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND

Medical interviewing is a critical skill in clinical practice, yet opportunities for practical training are limited in Japanese medical schools, necessitating urgent measures. Given advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) technology, its application in the medical field is expanding. However, reports on its application in medical interviews in medical education are scarce.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to investigate whether medical students’ interview skills could be improved by engaging with AI-simulated patients using large language models, including the provision of feedback.

METHODS

This nonrandomized controlled trial was conducted with fourth-year medical students in Japan. A simulation program using large language models was provided to 35 students in the intervention group in 2023, while 110 students from 2022 who did not participate in the intervention were selected as the control group. The primary outcome was the score on the Pre-Clinical Clerkship Objective Structured Clinical Examination (pre-CC OSCE), a national standardized clinical skills examination, in medical interviewing. Secondary outcomes included surveys such as the Simulation-Based Training Quality Assurance Tool (SBT-QA10), administered at the start and end of the study.

RESULTS

The AI intervention group showed significantly higher scores on medical interviews than the control group (AI group vs control group: mean 28.1, SD 1.6 vs 27.1, SD 2.2; P=.01). There was a trend of inverse correlation between the SBT-QA10 and pre-CC OSCE scores (regression coefficient –2.0 to –2.1). No significant safety concerns were observed.

CONCLUSIONS

Education through medical interviews using AI-simulated patients has demonstrated safety and a certain level of educational effectiveness. However, at present, the educational effects of this platform on nonverbal communication skills are limited, suggesting that it should be used as a supplementary tool to traditional simulation education.
Cycling-friendly cities require favorable perceptions of streetscapes in China: the evidence in magnifying the benefits of accessibility and land use mix (Preprint)
Authors: Guo Huagui , Zhang Shuyu , Xie Xinwei , Liu Jiang , Ho Hung Chak
Published: March 2024

UNSTRUCTURED

Background: Cycling is known to be beneficial for human health. Studies have suggested significant associations of physical activity with macroscale built environment and microscale streetscapes. However, it remains unknown whether good streetscapes can amplify the benefits of favourable built environment.
Methods: This study examines the moderation roles of streetscape perceptions on the effects of land use mix and accessibility on cycling, using data from18,019,266 bike-sharing orders during weekends in Shanghai, China. Street-view images and a human–machine adversarial scoring system, was combined to evaluate lively, safety and wealthy perceptions.
Results: Negative Binomial Regression results showed that there were significant interactions of the land use Herfindahl–Hirschman index with each of the lively and safety streetscape perceptions, while lively perception also positively moderated the effect of road intersection density on the number of bike-sharing. Moreover, lively perception emerged as the most influential moderator among the three perceptual indicators, which is different from the findings of Western studies. The findings are robust in the three sensitivity analyses.
Conclusions: A safer and livelier streetscape can enhance the benefits of land use mix in promoting cycling, with the former also intensifying the effect of accessibility. The findings have dual implications. To better promote cycling, it is key to conduct interventions on streetscape perceptions, which can indirectly affect physical activity by enhancing the benefits of accessibility and land use mix. As a complement of built environment at macroscale, streetscape interventions are usually more timely and feasible than interventions targeting urban form.