bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigation into High-Speed/Super-High Speed Grinding
Authors: Hou Ya Li , Li Chang He , Liu Guo Yu
Published: February 2011

Abrasive machining is a widely employed finishing process for different-to-cut materials such as metals, ceramics, glass, rocks, etc to achieve close tolerances and good dimensional accuracy and surface integrity. High speed and super-high speed abrasive machining technologies are newest developed advanced machining processes to satisfy super-hardness and difficult-to-machining materials machined. In the present paper, high-speed/super-high speed abrasive machining technologies relate to ultra high speed grinding, quick-point grinding, high efficiency deep-cut grinding were analyzed. The efficiency and parameters range of these abrasive machining processes were compared. The key technologies and the newest development and current states of high speed and super-high speed abrasive machining were investigated. It is concluded that high speed and super-high speed abrasive machining are a promising technology in the future.
A Novel Sensorless Control of a Two-Axis Planar Motion Stage for Precision Positioning
Authors: Dian Song Yi , Dong Hang , Gao Wei
Published: February 2011

In this study, a novel sensorless control to yield sub-micron precision positioning performance and low cost has been introduced to a Sawyer motor-based two-axis planar motion stage. The experiment results have verified the effectiveness of the suggested strategy for the stage.
Piezoelectric Behavior Based on Mixing-Doped in Lead Zirconate Titanate Ceramics and Application
Authors: Chen Bing Huei , Wu Long
Published: February 2011

In this investigation, we extend our previous works to improve piezoelectric properties of Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 ceramics. Modified lead zirconate titanate (PZT) piezoceramics with a composition Zr/Ti=53/47 containing a trace of mixing dopants were prepared by conventional ceramic technology sintering powder compacts. Replacement of (Zr, Ti)+4 by Nb+5, Pb+2 by Sb+3 and Mn+4 in PZT perovskite type solid solutions was accomplished by the creation of cation and anion vacancies. Modified ceramics were explored as a function of firing temperature to acquire exceedingly good piezoelectric characterizations. From the analysis results, calcined at 850°C for 2 h, and then sintered at 1280°C for 2 h, PZT piezoceramic showed the larger dielectric constant er 2013, mechanical quality factor Qm 120 and maximum electromechanical coupling factor kp 0.67. Besides, the bulk ceramic grains distribution were found to be uniform. Furthermore, the sample was found to possess piezoelectric properties, the resonance frequency being about 200 KHz suitable for acoustic sensor.
A New Method for Detecting the Diameter and Spatial Location of Tiny Through-Hole
Authors: Fei Zhi Gen , Guo Jun Jie , Li Chang Shi
Published: February 2011

Aiming at the problem that the traditional plunged-bar method is difficult to meet the measurement requirement of spatial location of thin and small through-hole, in this paper, the digital image processing technique combined with sub-pixel detection technique is employed, and a new method is proposed to detect the tiny through-holes. The evaluating function method based on the “roundness” of the image of hole is presented to find out the posture parameters of CCD where the optical axis of CCD is parallel to the centerline of hole. Therefore, the spatial location of hole can be easily obtained by these posture parameters. Meanwhile, the diameter of hole can be achieved by means of image measuring technology at calculated posture of CCD. Owing to the non-contact measurement, this method is particularly suitable for those small through-holes drilled on the soft and easy-deformed object. The experiment results on the experimental platform illustrate the feasibility and validity of this method.
The Study of Hole Injection in OLEDs with Ultra-Thin Sol-Gel TiO2 Layer
Authors: Hu You Wang , Sun Xiao Yan , Duan Jian
Published: February 2011

Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) with inserting an ultrathin sol–gel titanium oxide (TiO2) buffer layer between the ITO anode and hole transport layer (HTL) were fabricated. The carrier injection and the device efficiency were affected by surface morphology of TiO2, which was changed by different plasma pre-treatment of ITO. Treated by CF4 plasma, the TiO2 layer is the smoothest, and treated by H2 plasma it is like island. The TiO2 layer like island is favor of carrier injection from the anode, which was attributed to the point discharged.
Photocatalytic Degradation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons on Soil Surfaces Using Fe2O3 under UV Light
Authors: Zhang Li Hong , Jia Nan , Xu Cheng Bin , Li Xue Mei
Published: February 2011

The photocatalytic degradation of phenanthrene (PHE), pyrene (PYRE) and benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) on soil surfaces in the presence of Fe2O3 using ultraviolet (UV) light source was investigated. The effects of various factors, namely Fe2O3, soil pH, and humic acid, on the degradation performance of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were studied. The results show that photocatalytic degradation of PAHs follows the pseudo-first-order kinetics. Catalyst Fe2O3 accelerated the photodegradation of PHE, PYRE and BaP significantly. In acidic or alkaline conditions, the photocatalytic degradation rates of the PAHs were greater than those in neutral conditions. Humic acid significantly enhanced the PAH photocatalytic degradation by sensitizing radicals capable of oxidizing PAHs.
Effect of the HTP to X80 Ferrite Steel Structure and Mechanical Properties
Authors: Ma Yong Jie , Zhang Guang Liang
Published: February 2011

The structure and mechanical properties of pipeline steel X80 through HTP rolled into 16mm thick slab were tested. The results show that the yield strength of tested has reached above 600Mpa, and the ratio of tensile strength to yield strength is 0.86, and duetile brittle transition temperature is lower than -60°C , and good strength and toughness are obtained. Low content of P, S, high content of Mn and fine microstructure have good effect on reducing the ductile-brittle transitiop temperature. Two different precipitations are observed in pipeline steel X80, a class of TiN precipitations is mainly and a small number of (Nb, V)(C, N) complex precipitations in the TiN around, and the other for large number of NbC precipitations and a small amount of TiC、VC and simultaneous deposition of the complex formed precipitations. Remarkable strengthening and grain refinement can ne caused by these precipitations.
Research on Curvature of Tooth Flank of Gleason Spiral Bevel Gears
Authors: Zhang Ai Mei , Li Lin Yan , Li Da Wei
Published: February 2011

According to spiral bevel gear machining process, use the method of computer simulation to get the discrete points’ three-dimensional coordinates of Gleason spiral bevel gear tooth surface, and then solve the tooth surfaces’ NURBS surface as the unified mathematical model. On this basis, research the curvature of tooth surfaces of various types of Gleason spiral bevel gear, draw the mean curvature diagram, and study the link between the adjustment of processing parameters and the change of tooth surfaces’ mean curvature. Establish a theoretical foundation for the processing error adjustment based on tooth surface’s curvature diagram.
Research on an Electromagnetic Driven Bi-Disc Compensator for Rotor Auto-Balancing
Authors: Cao Xi , Yuan Hong Fang , Wang Hua Qing , Yang Jian Feng , Liu Wen Bin
Published: February 2011

Many balancing devices have been created to reduce machinery vibration especially in a high-speed rotor system which is very sensitive to the rotating mass unbalance. The best solution is that this device can self-perceive vibration changes and then respond these changes in an optimized way according to the different situations, which means it is a self-recovery system. According to this consideration, an electromagnetic driven bi-disc compensator for rotor auto-balancing is proposed here. In this system, rotor unbalance is online identified and calculated, after that the balancing discs will be driven to the best compensating positions, so that the unbalance can be suppressed or eliminated. Long transition time and transient vibration enhancement are terrible roadblocks which limit the industry applications of such auto-balancing system. To solve these deficiencies, a freely rotation bi-disc strategy was established and the solutions of two special cases were also discussed. A rotor auto-balancing test rig was build up. Experiments using the new solution on this rig showed that the electromagnetic compensator could be moved more accurate and effective, by which not only the balancing time was reduced, but also the transient vibration enhancement was avoided.
A Simple Synthesis of Mesoporous Silica Hollow Microspheres by Fast Hydrolysis and Condensation of Tetraethyl Orthosilicate
Authors: Liu Shi Quan , Rao Jian Cun , Wang Hai Xia , Zhao Hui
Published: February 2011

Mesoporous silica hollow microspheres were quickly synthesized with a simple reaction medium which only contains tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS) as silica source, octylamine (OA) as template and water. It is proposed that a dispersion of TEOS-in-water is formed when water is added into the mixture of TOS and OA. Water becomes basic due to dissolution of OA. Fast hydrolysis and condensation of TEOS then occurs at the interface of droplets lead to the formation of silica shells. Hollows are formed due to the volume contraction caused by the large difference in the densities of condensed silica and liquid TEOS. In addition, OA assembles with silica, templating the nanopores in the silica shells.
Meshing Model in Gear with Timing Belt
Authors: Domek E.G.
Published: February 2011

The work treats about problem of designing of gear with timing belt depending on expected character of exploitation. The work presents constructional features of transmission timing belts depending on materials used for their production. Design of composites and usage of new polymer materials allows for improvement of constructional properties of belts.
The Reliability of Enlarging the Cross-Section in Reinforcing the Frame Construction Buildings
Authors: Guo Huai Ren
Published: February 2011

Concrete frame structure in epicenter region has greatly damaged by Wenchuan Earthquake, especially short columns. Plenty of means for reinforcing these structures have been used. Finite element software ANSYS is used to simulate mechanical properties of structures after reinforced by broaden-section under monotonic or cyclic load. Comparison of frame’s horizontal displacement, crack of bearing carrier and distribution of node’s shearing stress etc. before and after reinforcing, it proves that broaden-section method is feasible in reinforcing of frame structure. Most of all, it verifies that broaden-section method has better reliability on reinforcing of RC frame’s short column.
Effect of Heat Treatment on Structure and Hardness of Electroless Ni-P Plating
Authors: Liu Guan Jun , Zhang Hui Rong , Mao Xin Hua , Tian Feng
Published: February 2011

Hardness of electronless Ni-P plating with 10.98wt.% P content was investigated. Heat treatment temperature and time of the plating was optimized by Uniform Design method. Structure of the plating was analyzed by XRD method. The results show that correlation consist between maximum hardness of the Ni-P plating and heat treatment temperature, not heat treatment time under the experimental condition, and max. of the plating hardness appears when the heat treatment is about 430°C . With increase of heat treatment temperature, structure of the plating transitioned gradually from amorphous state to crystalline state, and Ni3P crystal grain grown up, and it affect hardness of the plating.
Tribological Performance of Iron Ore Tailings Enhanced Resin Composites for Automotive Brake Linings
Authors: Hou Gui Hua , Wang Zhan Hong
Published: February 2011

Iron tailings is the bulk waste produced by steel plants that has not yet been used. In this study, the mineral composition of iron tailings was determined by XRD. The microstructure was observed by SEM-BEI. Resin-based composite materials with different contents of iron tailings were prepared by compression molding method and the tribological properties of the composites were studied. The results showed that: when the contents of iron tailings were 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50%, the friction and wear properties of the resin-based composite materials can meet the standards for automotive clutch (GB/T 5764-1998). Among these samples, the sample with 20% iron tailings had the best performance. This paper provides a new way for the use of iron tailings.
Research on the Application of the Prediction of the Expressway Traffic Flow Based on the Neural Network with Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Zhu Chun Mei , Yan Chang Peng , Xu Xiao Li , Wu Guo Xin
Published: February 2011

In order to improve the efficiency and accuracy of the prediction of expressway traffic flow, this paper, based on the characteristics of the data of the expressway traffic flow, focuses on an optimized method of prediction with the application of the neural network with genetic algorithm. Applying genetic algorithm, optimizing BP neural network structure and establishing a new mixed model, this algorithm speed up the slow convergence velocity of traditional BP neural network prediction and increases the possibility to escape local minima. This algorithm based on the optimized genetic neural network predicts the actual data of the expressway traffic flow, the result of which shows that the application of the optimized method of prediction with the genetic neural network algorithm is effective and that it improves the rate and the accuracy of the prediction of the expressway traffic flow.
Static Analysis of Cable-Stayed Suspension Bridge under Concrete Shrinkage and Creep
Authors: Xia Guo Ping , Zhang Zhe
Published: February 2011

The paper studye the effect of shrinkage and creep on the cable-stayed suapension bridge. In order to research the static action of cable-stayed suspension bridge, two plane models of Jinzhou Bay Bridge is analyzed under shrinkage and creep by using general FEM software. One is a self-anchored bridge and the other is an earth-anchored bridge. The differences in static behavior between the two bridges are compared in detail. The results indicated that the shrinkage and creep effects have great influences on both bridges, and the effects have greater influences on self-anchored system than earth-anchored system. In addition, the author analyzes the causes of these differences between the two bridges. In conclusion，shrinkage and creep have some effect on the bridge displacements and internal forces. It is an important factor which can not be ignored in the design.
Energy Dissipation in Timing Belts Made from Composite Materials
Authors: Domek Grzegorz , Dudziak Marian
Published: February 2011

The work presents results of research loss of energy in timing belts depending on materials used for their production. Design of composites and usage of new polymer materials allows for improvement of constructional properties of belts.
Prediction Model of End-Point Carbon Content for BOF Based on LM BP Neural Network
Authors: Li Chang Rong , Zhao Hao Wen , Yin Qing
Published: February 2011

Reaction process of BOF steelmaking is a very complex physical chemistry process which is very difficult to describe linearity. The traditional static model has poor accuracy, and the target hit rate is low. Based on the analysis of the major influential factors, the influential factors of converter smelting on the endpoint control of carbon content are fixed in this paper. A prediction model of end-point carbon content for BOF is established based on Levenberg-Marquardt (LM) algorithm of BP neural network. The simulated results show that the hitting rates of end-point carbon content reached 80% when accuracy of target error is ±0.025%.
Hydraulic Support Model Test Load Equipment and its Hydraulic Control System
Authors: Liu Hong Yu
Published: February 2011

Hydraulic support is an important equipment of mechanization caving coal in modernization coal mine. Hydraulic support strength test is a key link in hydraulic support design. Based on the similarity theory, the displacement, stress and strain information of test measured from hydraulic support model test can be popularized to hydraulic support prototype. This has an important significance on successful pass in prototype hydraulic support strength test and quicker and better designing eligible hydraulic support. The construction of load equipment and hydraulic control system of hydraulic support model test provides a practical and convenient research way of hydraulic support model test.
Cavitation Erosion Characteristics of an Iron-Based Coating Prepared by High Velocity Arc Spraying
Authors: He Zhi Hua , Wu Yu Ping , Sun Hong Bin , Zheng Yuan , Dong Yu , Hong Sheng , Li Gai Ye
Published: February 2011

In order to increase cavitation erosion resistance of fluid machinery, an iron-based coating was prepared by high velocity arc spraying (HVAS) on the surface of 1Cr18Ni9Ti stainless steel. The microstructure and performance were investigated respectively by optical microscope (OM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), Vickers hardness and vibratory cavitation apparatus. The results indicated that the coating had the higher hardness (8.67GPa) and the finer structure than ZG230-450 (1.86GPa) used actual in water conservancy. Compared with ZG230-450, cavitation erosion resistance of the coating was better, and the coating presented flakiness stripping mode. The results indicated that the HVAS is a promising method to prepare the cavitation resistance coating.
Influencing on Structure and Mechanical Properties of PA6/PP Blends for Different Graft Yield Compatibilizer
Authors: Zhang Jia Min , Zhu Ming Yi , Lian Zhao Xun , Zhu Rong
Published: February 2011

With the melt grafting method using styrene (St) as co-monomer to maleic anhydride (MAH)，the VERSIFY (V ethylene-propylene copolymer of the content of ethylene is 12%) was grafted. Different graft yield materials, V-g-(MAH-co-St) (g-V) were obtained. Nylon 6 (PA6)/ PP blends were prepared using twin-screw extruder. Using MFR, SEM, IR and mechanical properties testing analysis methods, morphology and mechanical properties of PA6/PP blends were studying on the different graft yield g-V. The results showed with increasing the graft yield, the minimum melt flow rate decreased and the size of the PP dispersed phase became smaller and more uniform. The addition of taller graft yield materials remarkably improved that the anhydride group in g-V reacted with the amine end groups of the PA6, and PP-PA6 copolymers were formed in situ, which effectively improved the compatibility between PP and PA6. The size of PP domains in the PA6 matrix was significantly reduced. Multi-monomer melt grafting can obtain a high rate of graft material. From the MAH: St = 0.5 to the MAH: St = 1, the grafting yield increased significantly. Continuing to improve MAH: St ratio, the magnitude of changes of graft yield of grafting decreases. Different grafting yield of multi-monomer g-V toughened PA6, a high rate of graft effect was good.
Optimization and Design for Parameter in Injection Molding Technology of Cell Shell of Polypropylene
Authors: Zhang Jia Min , Zhu Ming Yi , Lian Zhao Xun , Zhu Rong
Published: February 2011

The use of L27 (35) orthogonal to the battery shell injection molding process is optimized. The main factors of technical parameters were determined mould temperature, melt temperature, the speed of injection, injection pressure, cooling time.On the basis of actual production, to determine the factors values of different process parameters.Combination of scrapped products in key (reduction and a high degree of tolerance deflated) tests were selected in the process parameters within the scope of the assessment. Various factors impact on the product of the total height followed by cooling time, mold temperature, melt temperature, injection pressure, injection speed from strong to weak .The best products technological parameters were determined.Good results were obtained for production.
The Research on Deformation Analysis of Rigid Packed Hole Assembly Dynamic Model in 3D Borehole
Authors: Jing Jia Jia , Liu Qing You , Zhu Hai Yan , Wang Liu Yang
Published: February 2011

This paper uses cellular element method to propose a new calculating method for drill string dynamic model, and applies the calculating method on rigid packed hole assembly model. The results show that, this method has advantages of programming simply, applying boundary condition easily and rapid convergence rate. It is a new method for rigid packed hole assembly optimization design.
A Novel Tetrahedral Mesh Generation Algorithm for Finite Element Analysis
Authors: Zhang Zi Xian , Hagiwara Ichiro , Savchenko Maria , Feng Yi Xiong , Shinoda Junichi
Published: February 2011

In this paper, a robust tetrahedral mesh generation method based on Advancing Front technique is proposed. The proposed method inherits advantages of Delaunay method and Advancing Front method, such as efficiency of Delaunay method and maintaining the given boundary triangle mesh exactly of advancing front method. Tetrahedral mesh is generated from the given triangle surface mesh. This method mainly includes three stages. Firstly, the minimum container box of the triangular surface mesh is calculated and points are inserted into the box. Then the proper point is selected out to generate tetrahedron’s layers from surface to the interior volume of the model, so g the surface mesh can be maintained. The operation is simplified, and calculation efficiency is also higher than common Advancing Front method. At last, triangle intersection is examined. This technique allows generating the tetrahedral mesh with high quality elements with surface mesh preservation. A shoes model with both convex and concave surface is chosen for the experiment. The result clarified the robust and high efficiency of the proposed algorithm.
Improvement on the Manufacturing Process of the Dental Surgical Guide Made by a 5-Axis CNC Drill Press
Authors: Lee Wei Chen , Shih Kan Shan , Huang Ching Hang , Chung Shan Chen
Published: February 2011

Traditionally, three CT markers are attached to a surgical guide of dental implant surgery to correlate the implant positions in CT images and the drill positions of a drill press. To allow the drill press to know the positions of the CT markers, users need to use the press to probe the positions of them manually. This process is inaccurate and time-consuming. The objective of this research was to develop a new process to eliminate the traditional probing process. This new process uses two identical pairs of locating pins both in the plaster mold cavity and on the fixture of a CNC drill press, respectively. Since the position of the drill bit relative to the locating pins and the positions of the locating pins relative to the CT markers are designed by us, the drill press knows the positions of the CT markers without probing them. According to the preliminary evaluation results, the mean errors of the location and angle of the drilled holes were 0.696 mm and 1.23°, which indicate that this innovative idea presented in this paper is feasible and promising.
Influence of Current Density on Structure and Performance of Micro-Arc Oxidation Coatings on AZ31 Magnesium Alloy
Authors: Yang Mei , Lei Zheng , Wang Xiao Hong , Wang Ping , Yang Jun
Published: February 2011

In the Na2SiO3-NaOH-C3H8O3electrolyte system,the micro-arc oxidation (MAO) coatings were prepared on AZ31 magnesium alloy when J=2A/dm2,4A/dm2,8A/dm2and 12A/dm2.The relations of current density with microstructure and performance of the MAO coatings on AZ31 were studied by means of SEM, XRD, HVS-1000 micro Vicker, MFT-4000 Scratch Tester and electro-chemical method. The results show that when current density increases,the thickness,growth rate,micro-hardness and the contents of MgO and Mg2SiO4of MAO coatings increase,but the adhesion force between MAO coating and substrate decreases, the millipores and the roughness become larger.The corrosion resistance of MAO coatings increases firstly and then decreases with the increasing current density.The corrosion resistance of MAO coating,which J=6 A/dm2,is the best in 4.5% NaCl water solution,whose corrosion current density reduces by 3 orders of magnitude, and corrosion potential increases 1078mV in positive direction.
Effect of High-Intensity Pulsed Ion Beam Irradiation on the Electrochemical Corrosion Behavior of AZ31 Magnesium Alloy
Authors: Li Peng
Published: February 2011

HIPIB irradiation experiment is carried out at a specific ion current density of 1.1 J/cm2 with shot number from one to ten in order to explore the effect of shot number on electrochemical corrosion behavior of magnesium alloy. Surface morphologies, microstructure and corrosion resistance of the irradiated samples are examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and potentiodynamic polarization technique, respectively. It is found that HIPIB irradiation leads to the increase in open circuit potential, corrosion potential and breakdown potential, and the decrease in the corrosion current density and the corrosion rate as compared to the original sample. The improved corrosion resistance is mainly attributed to the grain refinement and surface purification induced by HIPIB irradiation.
Preventing Sintering Bricks of Purple Sandy Shale from Lime Brust: Experimental Research on Fixing Calcium with Sulfur
Authors: Feng Zhi Gang , Liu Jiang , Li Hui Juan
Published: February 2011

Simulating current sintering process used by the brickkiln, at 800 °C, i.e. calcination temperature of the marginal area of the brickkiln, this work conducted experimental research on preventing sintering bricks of purple sandy shale from lime brust through fixing free CaO in sintering bricks with sulfur of high-sulfur coal. It is concluded that the critical content of CaCO3 in purple sandy shale, causing lime brust of sintering bricks, is 24% by weight, when it is below this, lime brust commonly doesn’t occur; sulfur of high-sulfur coal (if necessarily, adulterated with pyrite ore) may effectively lower the concentration of free CaO in sintering bricks, accordingly eliminate or weaken lime brust; in condition of current market price of pyrite ore, the sintering process fixing free CaO with sulfur in pyrite ore is economically feasible.
Technical Problems to be Solved in Outside Surface Galvanized and Inside Surface Plastic Coated Steel Pipe for Main Gas Pipe Line
Authors: Sun Bing Xin , Pang Yong Jun , Wang Yue Ting , Bai Yong Qing
Published: February 2011

The article introduces the processing technology of outside surface galvanized and inside surface plastic-coated steel for the main gas pipe line. It shows a better processing technology through the contrast, the quality of the membrane of the hot-galvanized steel pipe of inside surface coated LLDPE under the condition of special phosphorization process is equal to that as the result of rotoblasting technology. At the same time, anti-corrosion effect is better than before because of multi-layered and differently plated coatings. A Y-interface technology of independent intellectual property rights is used in interface.
Experimental Study on Wear Resistance of Engine Cylinder Based on Surface Hardening Technology
Authors: Sun Jian Min , Zhang Yi
Published: February 2011

In order to improve wear resistance of engine cylinder, the surface hardening technology is analyzed. The hardening methods which iron plating and composite iron plating have application in engine cylinder repair are put forward. The relative speed and pressure between piston ring and cylinder wall are determined as main wear factors of engine cylinder. And wear resistance of hardening material is chosen as assessment index. At the high load, the relative wear resistance of engine cylinder hardened by composite iron plating is twice as high as high phosphors cast iron. By comprehensive contrast of the wear resistance of hardening materials, relative wear resistance of composite iron plating is better than common engine cylinder material, and can fit for the cylinder hardening of high load engine.
Film Formation Property of Mineral Particles as Grease Lubricant Additives at Different Friction States
Authors: Chen Wen Gang , Gao Yu Zhou , Wang Hai Jun , Tan Ze Fei
Published: February 2011

The characteristics of the 1045 steel pairs using superfine mineral powder as grease lubricant additive were investigated by an AMSLER friction and wear tester at different wear states. The surface topographies and composition of the worn surface of 1045 steel rings were identified by SEM and EDAX. The surface roughness of the samples was investigated by a profilometer. The results show that the additives can form a self-repairing film on the worn metal surface at Sliding state and there no film formed on the worn metal surface at Rolling-Sliding state. The reason is that the friction heat and friction energy produced by Sliding friction higher than the friction heat and friction energy produced by Rolling-Sliding friction.
Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) of ZrC Coatings from ZrCl4-C3H6-H2
Authors: Liu Qiao Mu , Zhang Li Tong , Meng Zhi Xin , Cheng Lai Fei
Published: February 2011

ZrC coatings were prepared by CVD using ZrCl4, C3H6, and H2as the precursors. The mechanisms responsible for the effects of deposition temperature, H2flow rate and inlet C/Zr ratio on the ZrC coatings were studied based on the deposition mechanism of ZrC. The results indicate that the ZrC morphologies change from a loose spherical structure to a cauliflower structure, then to a glassy structure as the deposition temperature increases from 1050°C to 1150°C, then to 1250°C. The carbon content in the ZrC coatings increases with increasing the deposition temperature. Higher inlet C/Zr ratio can lead to rough surfaces and higher carbon content. Reasonable H2concentration can inhibit carbon deposition, and lead to a cauliflower structure.
Computer Simulation on Mo/Al2O3 Solar Energy Selective Absorbing Coating
Authors: Li Jian Feng , Guo Li Zhi
Published: February 2011

Mo/Al2O3 solar energy selective absorbing coating is simulated on computer. Mo/Al2O3 metal ceramic mixed-film is deposited on stainless steel sheet using magnetron sputtering. Maxwell-Garnett effective medium theory is applied to analyze the optical constant of Mo/Al2O3 granular film. As the wavelength λ changes, the variation regulation of Mo filling factor and the optical constant n, k of metal ceramics granular film at 300 nm~800 nm is theoretically calculated, which is based on Mo/Al2O3 bulk materials and optical constant of sputtering film. The coating is simulated successfully with Al2O3 optical parameter found in references. The thickness of each film layer and the proportion between Mo and Al2O3 are simulated completely, thus the function of each layer is defined and the optimal thickness of film and Mo/Al2O3 proportion are determined. Production technology is improved.
Analysis and Solution of Hydraulic Cylinder’s Leakage Problem
Authors: Shen Shu Jun , Yang Qiu He
Published: February 2011

This paper discusses the main reasons for the leakage of hydraulic cylinder, analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of polyurethane seal rings for hydraulic cylinder reciprocating sealing, compares the performance and characteristics of several commonly-used reciprocating seals, and studies the sealing mechanism, material characteristics , effects of practical applications and gives the solution of Packing PTFE combined sealing.
Optimum Autoclaved Cement Concrete Mix Design Based on Flexural Strength
Authors: Ke Chang Jun , Hu Qin , Jiang Pan , Zhang Li
Published: February 2011

optimized mix proportion of autoclaved cement concrete by orthogonal test, and studied effect of two type fibers for the flexural strength of autoclaved cement concrete by the mix proportion of autoclaved concrete. The results showed, wollastonite and plant fiber were favorable to increasing the flexural strength of autoclaved cement concrete. Content of wollastonite was about 15% of cement mass, and increase amplitude of the flexural strength was more than 40% and the compressive strength slightly increased for autoclaved cement concrete admixed wollastonite. Content of plant fiber was about 1.5% of cement mass, increase amplitude of the flexural strength was more than 20%, but compressive strength change of autoclaved cement concrete was not significant for autoclaved cement concrete admixed plant fiber.
The Lightweight Design on the Pressure Hull of Underwater Gliders Using ANSYS
Authors: Wu Yi Tao , Wang Yan Hui , Sun Xiu Jun
Published: February 2011

The Underwater Glider is a novel Autonomous Underwater Vehicle for ocean monitoring. ANSYS based optimization technology is utilized for lightweight design and research of underwater gliders. The numerical 3D model of the shell is constructed and the structural strength is analyzed. A modified design is introduced and then is optimized by ANSYS optimal process. The optimal lightweight structure is fully evaluated and proved to be successful. This design will improve the glider’s performance and the pressure hull strength, at the same time, it will reduce the weight and cost of the glider. In addition, this approach may provide a new guidance for further hull design of the underwater glider.
Characterization and Corrosion Studies of Amorphous/Nanocrystalline Conversion Coatings Formed by Applying Static Magnetic Field on AZ91 D Magnesium Alloy
Authors: Zhao Ming , Zhu Liang , He Guang Ping
Published: February 2011

The present work explores an environmental friendly method for forming conversion coatings on AZ91D magnesium alloy by applying a static magnetic field. An amorphous / nanocrystalline conversion coating was developed on magnesium alloys in a phosphate-permanganate aqueous solution under a 0.5 Tesla magnetic field. The examinations of the microstructure and phase compositions reveal that the conversion coating is composed of an amorphous structure and nanocrystalline structure with mean size less than 10 nm. In a corrosive chloride solution, the amorphous/nanocrystalline conversion coating with an artificial defect were investigated by scanning vibrating electrode technique (SVET)/ scanning ion-selective electrode technique (SIET) system. The micro-electrochemical results reveal that the amorphous / nanocrystalline conversion coating as a good barrier layer can provide effective corrosion protection for AZ91D magnesium alloy.
Direct Current Field Effect on Silicon Pack Cementation for 1045 Steel
Authors: Hu Jing , Wang Shu Kai , Zhou Zheng Hua , Xie Fei , Pan Xian Bo
Published: February 2011

A low-temperature silicon pack cementation has been developed by applying direct current field (DCF) between the treated sample and the powder agents. The cross-sectional microstructures, coating thickness and high temperature oxidation resistance after siliconizing under different processes were investigated. The results show that DCF can significantly reduce the treating temperature and heating duration comparing with the conventional silicon pack cementation, the heating temperature could be lowered to 750°С from higher than 1050°С normally used. When the treating temperature was 800°С with appropriate intensity of DCF, the siliconizing coatings with thickness around 40μm was produced, while at this temperature, almost no coating could be formed by conventional silicon pack cementation，and the coating rapidly formed at lower temperature had good oxidation resistance below 700°С .
The Initial Practice on Electro-Modification Processes to Al-12Si Alloys
Authors: Ren Hai Guo , Zhao Zhi Long
Published: February 2011

The modification of Si-flakes from coarse acicular to fine fibrous is a common issue in Al-Si alloys casting products. The one of aims of this work is to practice the probability of applying the pulsed electric discharge (PED) to modify the morphology of Si-flakes. In the experiment, the Al-12Si alloy cast in plaster mold was treated with high voltage pulse electric discharge during the solidification. The combined effects of strong pulse electric current and chemical additives of refiner/modifier on solidification structure of eutectic silicon and tensile properties were studied. The experimental results indicated that the eutectic silicon flakes can be fragmentized by high-density pulse electric current. The best tensile properties were obtained when pulse electric discharge was used and combined with a trifle addition of refiner/modifier into the molten metal.
The Finishing of Rolling Bearing Raceway by Electrochemical Mechanical Finishing (ECMF) Technology
Authors: Wang Hui , Li Hai Bin , Jiao Wen Cong , Zuo Jian Min
Published: February 2011

This paper studies the technology of Electrochemical Mechanical Finishing (ECMF) on rolling bearing raceway. The principle of the technology is introduced, and the finishing results are presented. The results show that the surface roughness, supporting length rate, profile roundness, waveness and wave velocity are all improved greatly. Also, the main affecting factors such as the inter-electrode gap, electrochemical process and mechanical process are discussed in this paper. The bearings finished by ECMF have better service performance and life.
Research on Factors Affecting Durability and Improvements for FRP Reinforced Concrete Structures
Authors: Tan Lei , Liu Xi Jun , Zhu Ming Qiao
Published: February 2011

With wide applications of FRP in civil engineering, it is necessary to study the durability of FRP reinforced concrete structure. Based on the related research both at home and abroad, the factors affecting durability of FRP reinforced concrete structures and the corresponding improvements have been put forward by analyzing the durability of concrete, FRP materials and reinforced structures, respectively.
A Hard and Thick Fe-Based Amorphous Composite Coating
Authors: Hu Wei Qiang , Liu Zong De , Yang Guang , Wang Yong Tian , Zhang Hua Lei
Published: February 2011

A thick Fe-based amorphous and nanocrystalline composite coating was prepared by in-situ tungsten inert gas (TIG) cladding method. The results show that the cladding coating mainly consists of amorphous phase and nanocrystalline grains. The microstructure study shows that the Fe-based composite coatings have unique microstructure including nano-sized grains surrounded by nano-scale amorphous shell layer (encapsulated structure) and the homogeneously distributed dendrites/cellular crystals. The unique microstructure gives rise to the superior micro-hardness and wear resistance of the coating. The Fe-based coatings have great potential as promising wear-resistance structural materials used in electric power and cement industry.
Microstructures and Properties of Laser Al Alloying on AZ31 Magnesium Alloy
Authors: Ye Hong , Zhang Xiao Bin , Chang Xia , Chen Rui
Published: February 2011

In order to improve corrosion and wear resistance of magnesium alloy, Al coating was prepared on the AZ31 magnesium alloy by the thermal spraying, then the Al-rich layer was obtained by using a CO2 laser re-melting. The microstructures and phases of the alloying layer were analyzed by canning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffraction apparatus (XRD). The mechanical properties were investigated by using hardness measurement and ring-on-flat apparatus. The corrosion behaviour was investigated in 3.5% (mass fraction) NaCl solution by electrochemical measurements. The results show that there are several different microstructures in the alloying layer, such as columnar, snowflake and network structure; the alloying layer consist of Mg2Al3, Mg17Al12 and α-Mg phases. The microhardness of alloy layer is about 170HV, higher than that of the AZ31 matrix (about 50HV). The wear tests show that the wear resistance of alloying layer is considerably improved comparing with the matrix. The potentiodynamic polarization results indicate that the corrosion resistance by laser alloying is enhanced.
Study on Low Temperature Deposition of TiN Films and their Tribological Properties
Authors: Bai Xiu Qin , Li Jian
Published: February 2011

The low temperature deposition principle of magnetron sputtering was discussed. Reactive magnetron sputtering technique was used to gain titanium nitride (TiN) thin films on W18Cr4V high-speed steel substrates at low temperature. A series of experiments had been conducted to study the properties of TiN films. The experimental results showed that at the low temperature(<140 °C), magnetic sputtering can be used for the deposition of TiN film with compact, uniform and high nano-hardness, and their tribological properties were excellent, which co-determined by the film structure of low temperature magnetron sputtering and the counter-parts of rubbing pairs.
Influence of Voltage Parameters on Formation Process of MAO Ceramic Coating on Aluminum Alloy
Authors: Guo Feng , Liu Rong Ming , Li Peng Fei
Published: February 2011

In this paper, the influence of positive and negative voltages to the formation process of ceramic coating on aluminum alloy was studied. The result indicates that, increasing of positive or negative voltage is favorable to the thickness increase and uniformity of the ceramic coating, the thickness of ceramic coating is linear correlation to the positive electrical quantity which is relative to loaded voltages. The ceramic coating is composed of α-Al2O3, γ-Al2O3 and mullite phases, and the voltages, especially negative voltage can increase the mass fraction of α-Al2O3 phase in the outer side of ceramic coating. The effects of voltage parameters on surface morphology of ceramic coating, thickness of ceramic coating and phase composition of ceramic coating is evident, in which the positive voltage is a decisive factor and the negative voltage is an important assistant factor.
Design of the Range-Measurement System for Mobile Robots Based on ARM
Authors: Li Bing Shang , Song Yong Jun , Wang Chun Jian
Published: February 2011

How to implement security obstacle avoidance is important to the Mobile Robots. Now the robots become more and more intelligent. How to sense the uncertain surrounding environment and to act directly are basic factors for intelligent robots. But single range-sensor cannot do well to ensure the precision, the quick response and the reliability of measuring data. Multi-sensors are designed for the Range-Measurement System of Mobile Robots based on ARM. The system can fulfill the data acquisition from different sensors simultaneously and process them by the Adaptive Weighted Data Fusion Algorithm. Then it transmits the real-time and precision ranging-data to the upper controller. At last the testing data indicate that the system can improve the range-measurement precision.
Numerical Simulation of Impact Process of Coal and Gangue
Authors: Jiang Hao , Du Chang Long , Liu Song Yong , Zhang Jia Jia , Liu Fei
Published: February 2011

The difference of forcing status between coal and gangue in the process of impact was a fundamental problem in separation of them. In order to finding out forcing status of coal and gangue, the impact process was emulated by finite element software. The variation curves of contact force, the time-course curves of stress and pressure at different locations on material and board hammer were gained. The simulation results showed that for the different material properties, stress and pressure variation of coal were less than gangue, and the impact point in board hammer has the worst forcing status.
Study on the Structure of Grind-Hardened Layer and Parameter of Hardening Depth of 42CrMo Steel
Authors: Ma Zhuang , Liu Ke Ming , Zhang Lian Yong
Published: February 2011

Grind-hardening test were performed on MM7132 surface grinder with corundum grinder wheel in the mesh of 60#. The result shows that the structure of grind-hardened layer is composed with lath martensite and small mixed martensite; the depths of grind-harden layer is largest when the grind depth is 0.3mm, while the depths of grind-harden layer decreased when the grind depth is 0.2mm, 0.4mm, 0.5mm,respectively. The range of microhardness of grind-harden layer is from 754 to 853. The depths of grind-harden layer along the direction of working appeared ladderly.
Study on Rollers’ Angular Velocity Matching of Rolling Driven Equal Channel Angular Deformation Technology
Authors: Xu Xiao Jing , Fei Zhen Dan , Cheng Cheng , Zhang Zeng Lei , Zhao Zi Hao , Zhu Xin Dong
Published: February 2011

Rollers’angular velocity matching of rolling driven equal channel angular deformation technology was investigated numerically by using finite element code DEFORM-3D. The results show that as the angular velocity of primary feeding roller is constant, the rollers’ angular velocity matching had only small influences on effective strain and output velocity, but had significant influence on torque of feeding rollers. With the decrease of angular velocity ratio of primary feeding roller to secondary feeding roller from 1.37 to 0.073, the torque of feeding rollers tend to become uniform. It was found that an appropriate selection of rollers’ angular velocity matching and friction factor can save energy consumption significantly.
Friction/Wear Behaviors of Magnetron Sputtered TiB2-C Composite Films on Ti6Al4V Alloy Substrate
Authors: Xu Xiao Jing , Sheng Xin Lan , Chen Dan , Xin Xi Ling , Tian Kun , Yu Chun Hang
Published: February 2011

The microstructure and friction/wear properties of TiB2-C (carbon-doped TiB2) films in TiB2-C/SiC double layer films (SiC films as interlayer) deposited on Ti6Al4V alloy substrate using magnetron sputtering technique at room temperature were investigated. The results show that the TiB2-C films exhibited the microstructural characteristics with nano-scale particles (domains), and the doped-carbon presented in manner of sp3 C-C and sp2 C-C bonds i.e. DLC (diamond-like carbon). The interface between the substrate and the SiC films and the interface between the SiC films and the TiB2-C composite films both showed good adhesion, with obvious element diffusions. As sliding against Si3N4 (silicon nitride) balls (2 mm in radius) using ball-on-disc type wear tester at room temperature under Kokubo simulation body fluid (SBF) and 50g load, the TiB2 -C composite films exhibited the friction coefficient of about 0.14 and the specific wear rate of 10.710-6 mm3 m−1 N−1. It is believed that the superior friction properties of the TiB2-C films are due to the role of the doped-carbon.
Thermoelastic Contact Analysis of Functionally Graded Materials with Properties Varying Exponentially
Authors: Liu Jing , Ke Liao Liang , Wang Yue Sheng
Published: February 2011

The two-dimensional thermoelastic sliding frictional contact of the functionally graded materials (FGMs) coated half-plane under plain strain-state deformation is investigated in this paper. A rigid cylindrical punch is sliding over the surface of the FGM coating with the constant velocity, which is small compared with the Rayleigh wave velocity of the medium. Frictional heating is generated at the interface between the punch and FGM coating with its value proportional to contact pressure, friction coefficient and sliding velocity. The material properties of the coating change exponentially along the thickness direction. It is assumed that the area outside the contact region is both thermally insulated and traction-free. The Fourier integral transform method is employed to convert the problem into the Cauchy singular integral equations, which is then solved numerically to obtain the unknown contact pressure and the in-plane component of the surface stress. The effects of the gradient index, Peclet number, and friction coefficient on the thermoelastic contact characteristics are discussed in detail. Numerical results show that the change of the gradient index, Peclet number and friction coefficient can influence the distributions of the surface contact stress.