bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Why building surveyors need to be aware of environmental issues
Authors: Johnstone Anne
Published: July 2024

Environmental liabilities can have a huge impact on the value of a property and their remediation can come at significant cost. This is not just an issue confined to the due diligence process at acquisition: landlords and tenants of leased property may also find themselves burdened with expensive and unforeseen dilapidations liabilities, sometimes years down the line. This paper sets out several case studies, providing examples of real-life scenarios which serve to outline the need for a thorough and pro-active approach. Building surveyors have long been alert to the presence of invasive species and asbestos — but they need to also be aware of broader contamination issues (albeit at a basic level) and know when the specialist input of an Environmental Consultant is required.
Dubai International Financial Centre’s Updated Data Protection Law, Part 2: Implementing a modern, global law in a UAE financial free zone
Authors: Baker Lori
Published: July 2024

The Dubai International Financial Centre (DIFC), purveyor of Data Protection Law, DIFC Law No. 5 of 2020, is the result of a legislative overhaul aimed at creating an environment of ethical data management. The Updated DP Law combines international data protection standards of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), the UK Data Protection Act 2018, the California Consumer Privacy Act and others with innovative, new concepts that work for the DIFC’s FinTech/X-tech incubator. Ultimately, the goal is to obtain adequacy recognition by the European Commission. This paper is Part 2 in a series that tells us how such a law was created and how a small jurisdiction in the United Arab Emirates is making big strides in data protection.
Engineering warm fuzzies: Applying user design principles to create philanthropic experiences — part two: giving websites
Authors: Moss Christy
Published: July 2024

As we have moved firmly into the 21st century and as our society and its expectations are continuously evolving, so must our higher education advancement practices. Rather than asking, ‘How do we want alumni and donors to engage with our universities?’, we must ask, ‘How are these individuals already intuitively engaging the world?’ Instead of falling into the trap of thinking, ‘What are global best practices in higher education advancement?’, we should be asking, ‘Which global companies are curious and responsive in their interaction with humans, and what can we learn from them?’ In answering these questions, this paper tests a human-centred solicitation approach via three primary channels: mail, phone and e-mail. For each channel, multiple tests are performed and the principles and tools of human-centred design and user experience are implemented, including ethnographic interviews, user personas and A/B testing. The results of these tests lead to the recommendation of a user-centred approach to philanthropic interactions that is constantly testing and evolving practices. Now more than ever, consciously building and testing systems centred around removing obstacles impeding giving defines the work of the modern advancement professional.
How the merging of offline and online data, and an omni-channel, data-driven approach substantially increased Ford Denmark’s marketing performance
Authors: Larsen Mikkel Christian
Published: July 2024

How does Ford get a digital ‘hook’ in visitors to their dealerships, and how do they secure relevant targeted messages across all the touchpoints in the consumer journey? Mindshare set out to solve this challenge and deliver an immersive and relevant marketing effort, by constantly making smarter decisions based on qualifying data. By designing real-time decision rules for all their connected touchpoints, mindshare made it possible for Ford to deliver highly relevant and tailored messaging across multiple channels based on both offline and online data sources. Using proprietary ID matching technology, mindshare were able to translate car model audiences into tailored segments for banner, search and Facebook targeting. Here their delivered low-frequency targeting strategies to gently remind the audience to keep Ford in mind when deciding on a new car. They did not aggressively retarget with high frequency, as the consumer journey for a car does not call for aggressive low-funnel retargeting. The results were amazing, delivering significantly higher engagement with the Ford brand across all channels, at 10 per cent normal cost compared to benchmark, proving that a single-minded, relevant and welltimed message delivers high engagement with the audience, and thereby sales.
Reflections on the future of relationship management in correspondent banking
Authors: Brudar Silvia
Published: July 2024

The importance and the complexity of managing bank relationships within correspondent banking businesses has skyrocketed in conjunction with the global tectonic shifts and changes following first the banking and now the developed markets’ sovereign crises. This paper argues that business models are in need of restructuring in terms of understanding the importance of relationship management; the payment chain value creation, both in terms of what creates value in the payment chain and how that value is created; and, in particular, understanding the growing importance of relationships, partner-type alliances and knowledge transfers when banks evaluate their growth strategies, and hence make the ‘buy’ decisions. Likewise, product development opportunities should focus on efficiencies in processing and in information management. If the relationship management of banks is not changed, however, all such investment could be wasted.
Health education models for paediatric inpatients: The roadmap for success
Authors: Leiner Marie , Granados Hector , Hernandez Paulina , Pathak Indu
Published: July 2024

Healthcare professionals should take advantage of any opportunity to provide inpatients or outpatients with an educational experience to encourage children and parents/caretakers to see education as a positive experience. A successful educational production should be able to: 1) educate patients with different levels of literacy, education, and language proficiency; 2) compete with entertaining material by capturing viewers' attention; and 3) be in a high-quality digital format that can be presented in any hospital information technology system. Strategies for successful educational productions must consider the unique aspects of health education. Health education differs from traditional education in that it requires behavioural modification and knowledge acquisition. Therefore, a theoretical foundation must be considered during the design and production of the material. These strategies were used in an educational production which showed they can successfully compete for viewers' attention in the digital world. The material shown in a popular social media outlet seemed to compete successfully with popular entertainment productions directed to children/parents/educators. It is worthwhile to consider that success in preventive care and health education may require theoretical-based models of production. The possibilities for these types of presentations to be integrated into patient care systems are unlimited and should not be missed.
Dilemmas of digital labour
Authors: Wennäkoski Anna Aurora
Published: July 2024

Digital labour raises many questions, including how to measure quality, efficiency and cost, but also regarding people, ranging from skills and labour costs to salaries and unionisation. This paper aims to highlight some pertinent threads and arguments about technological disruptions to workforce automation and robotisation. By looking at different postures presented, especially in policy and literature, it aims to break down some of the most egregious speculations related to robotisation and automation and distil more specifically what kind of new needs are emerging, rather than perceiving these developments as existential threats.
Delivering on the promise of your brand
Authors: Poore Jake
Published: July 2024

Why would patients, physicians or new employees choose an organisation as a place to work or to be cared for? And, after experiencing the facility once – either as a patient or as a new employee – why would they return and give their loyalty? Much of patient and employee loyalty is up for grabs. So, the question becomes: how can one build a bridge between promise-makers (marketing, sales, physician liaisons) and promise-keepers (nurses, doctors, support services, back office team, etc.)? How can one build a clear line of consistency whereby the entire care team is delivering on the brand promise? Patients do not experience healthcare vertically; they experience care horizontally, across multiple departments. They expect clinical excellence, and they want it to be mirrored by service excellence every step of the way. In order to safeguard an organisation’s brand, build loyalty and deliver exceptional patient experiences, marketing and brand messages must be translatable from the board room to the exam room to the break room. This paper explores tools to help organisations deliver on their brand promise. The main takeaways include: assess the patient experience and identify opportunities using the 4Ps (people, process, physical setting, product); learn to use a ‘Playbook’ to capture and share the clinical and human sides of healthcare so that every care team member is aligned and working towards the same common goal; explore the Human-Business-Human® tool and learn how it is used in patient, customer and employee interactions to create world-class patient and employee experiences.
What can data journalists teach us about being more effective analysts?
Authors: Hadley Loren
Published: July 2024

With skills that span the worlds of traditional communications and big data analysis, data journalists are becoming increasingly important in our digital world. They are helping make data appealing as well as useful. Analysts can learn a lot from the digital journalist that will make them more impactful advisors to their organisations.
An investigation into the vapour permeability and durability of natural renders on an earthen wall system
Authors: Goodhew Steve , Fox Matthew , Carfrae Jim , Boutouil Mohamed , Streiff François , Owen Kevin , Little Becky , Hood-Cree Karen
Published: July 2024

This paper describes a novel methodology for establishing the relative moisture performance of renders used to protect a novel walling system combining traditional dense cob with a low-density thermal cob. A new method of enhancing the thermal insulation of cob walls has been developed by an European Union (EU)-funded joint UK and French project called CobBauge. The external surface of traditional cob walls (comprising subsoil, fibre and water) is normally protected from driving rain by placing the walls on a short wall called a plinth, a pronounced eaves overhang and a breathable exterior render. As the low-density fibre and clay insulating layer in the CobBauge system differs from traditional cob, a method of establishing the moisture-related performance of a range of renders needed to be instituted to aid the materials selection process. A series of test panels were constructed with the thermal cob infill, faced by a number of render types. The panels were hung in an open position in a high exposure zone and the moisture content monitored using wood-block sensors, electrical resistivity and gravimetric measurements over a period of six months. The wood-block and electrical resistivity moisture measurements showed a good level of agreement with gravimetric measurements and showed a clear differentiation between the various render choices.
Be here from anywhere: Creating and launching the Bucknell Virtual Experience
Authors: Kift Brandy , Mallett Leah
Published: July 2024

What if you could capture that seeing-is-believing campus visit feeling and make it available to anyone, anywhere on the planet? That was the challenge presented to Bucknell’s communications and admissions teams — a chance to remove traditional barriers to campus visit opportunities and harness the power of technology in new and exciting ways. In this paper, you will learn how the Bucknell Virtual Experience started from scratch to become an interactive multimedia space that can be experienced on a desktop, mobile device, or through an Oculus Quest virtual reality headset. In addition, you will explore the creation of a multi-channel launch strategy — an approach that yielded best practices in both organic and paid social content.
Adaptive methods for creating consumer lifestyle models
Authors: Karasev Alexander P.
Published: July 2024

Compared with demographic segmentation, lifestyle segmentation provides more accurate forecasts of consumer behaviour; it also has a higher marketing value. Existing lifestyle models such as ‘activities, interests, opinions’ (AIO), ‘list of values’ (LOV) and ‘values and life style’ (VALS) have been designed for the US market and often require adaptation and modification before they can be used in other specific markets. This paper proposes a segmentation technique that facilitates the flexible adaptation of existing models. To determine the segments of a particular market, the technique adapts the available databases of empirical indicators, using factor and cluster analysis to highlight key lifestyle attributes. This paper demonstrates the application of the technique using Russian consumer lifestyles, identifying six lifestyle factors and five consumer segments. Although the segmentation schema is based on a set of indicators other than AIO, LOV and VALS, it provides a meaningful description of the market that may be interpreted in terms of the VALS model. The paper concludes that it is indeed possible to use traditional methods of segmentation (ie factor and cluster analyses) to provide a simple and convenient alternative to proprietary marketing tools such as the VALS when studying non-US markets.
Tax policies and developments affecting foreign portfolio investment in sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Becker Celia
Published: July 2024

Despite the increase in nonofficial cross-border capital flows to sub-Saharan Africa following the 2007/2008 global financial crisis, the region is still receiving a limited amount of foreign portfolio investment (FPI) compared to other developing markets. This paper seeks to explore the factors explaining sub-Saharan Africa’s lack of FPI and what measures could be implemented to encourage FPI in the region. The key takeaways of this paper are:
• Tax structures have been identified as one of the key impediments to FPI in Southern Africa. Although various sub-Saharan jurisdictions exempt capital gains on the disposal of listed shares from tax, significant withholding taxes are generally levied on dividend and interest payments to foreign investors.
• Mauritius, a popular hub for African investment, has recently been under the spotlight with a number of sub-Saharan African jurisdictions terminating or amending their tax treaties with the country or introducing domestic antiavoidance measures to combat perceived treaty shopping. This is expected to have a negative impact on investment flows through Mauritius. In addition, coronavirus disease-19 relief measures introduced by sub-Saharan authorities focus on safeguarding local businesses and foreign direct investment rather than FPI.
• The quality of governance is also a significant factor in attracting net portfolio inflows, and there is a clear need in sub-Saharan Africa for simple, efficient tax systems and appropriate tax incentives to support investor-friendly policies and encourage and stimulate FPI.
Is artificial intelligence the future of the customer experience?
Authors: Perino Chelsea
Published: July 2024

Conversations around customer experience have dramatically evolved since the advent of the Internet and big data. Not only are one-dimensional brand-to-consumer communications now reason to abandon loyalty, but personalised experiences have become an integral part of competitive advantage. An organisation’s ability to derive actional insights from consumer data at scale — including, now, text-based conversation data from customer interactions — is now a driving factor in efficient use of resources and increased profitability. This paper explores the use of artificial intelligence (AI) to build customised and automated user journeys, and how it changes the dynamic of customer service, and perhaps marketing as well, in the modern era.
The road to risk-based supervision: Lessons from Chile
Authors: Balcom Jeanne , Pargaonker Nileema
Published: July 2024

The last two decades have been a period of unprecedented development, but also turmoil, in the financial sector. Advances in technology, the advent of new types of market participants and products, the growth in scale and interconnectedness of markets, and rapid economic development in many countries have all presented significant oversight challenges to regulators. The impact of the recent financial crisis has added to those challenges — and in some jurisdictions, made it very clear that supervisory approaches currently in place are insufficient.In light of these events, most securities (and other) regulators have embraced the need for a significant reassessment of their approach to supervision of securities firms. In particular, securities regulators must evaluate how they identify and respond to risks in the securities firms they oversee. One approach that has garnered considerable interest is risk-based supervision, which is not simply a short-lived reaction to the financial crisis, but an approach securities regulators, in both emerging and developed markets, have been seriously examining for the last decade. Many consider it to be a ‘best practice’ in securities regulation.This paper examines key elements of the risk-based methodology adopted by the Chilean Securities and Insurance Regulator (SVS) as it transitioned from a more traditional, compliance-based supervisory programme. It also assesses the challenges and benefits that other regulators may encounter when implementing a similar programme.
Crisis management: An extended reference framework for decision makers
Authors: Carone Alessandro , Iorio Luigi Di
Published: July 2024

The paper discusses a reference framework for capabilities supporting effective crisis management. This framework has been developed by joining experiences in the field and knowledge of organisational models for crisis management, and executives’ empowerment, coaching and behavioural analysis. The paper is aimed at offering further insight to executives on critical success factors and means for managing crisis situations by extending the scope of analysis to human behaviour, to emotions and fears and their correlation with decision making. It is further intended to help familiarise them and to facilitate approaching a path towards emotional awareness.
Credit risk term-structures for lifetime impairment forecasting: A practical guide
Authors: Skoglund Jimmy
Published: July 2024

In this paper, we provide an overview of the credit model approaches for lifetime impairment models. The main focus is on the models for credit risk term-structures, which are a particularly important component that banks are currently struggling with. We also, however, discuss briefly the different model approaches for loss given default and exposure. The aim of this paper is to provide a (relatively) non-technical overview of modelling approaches to aid in understanding different models properties and consequently in model selection. For those that require more details for actual model implementation we provide references to the literature. We also discuss how to decompose the period to period impairment change into its components for change explanation. An impairment decomposition is quite straightforward and can be done using incremental change of the components, or, a log-linearisation. The benefit of the log-linearisation is its order independence.
What leading organisations are doing today to drive greater energy efficiency, and why it matters for tomorrow
Authors: Vargas Maria Tikoff
Published: July 2024

Launched in 2011, Better Buildings is a broad initiative to reduce energy intensity in the commercial, residential and industrial sectors by 20 per cent over ten years. Corporate leadership, innovative state and local policies, workforce development as well as effective use of tax incentives, innovative financing and efforts to deliver better information to the marketplace are all key pillars of the Better Buildings initiative. This paper explains the key role that private sector (corporate) partners play, by contributing to the programme's overall energy savings, and by sharing innovative solutions to common barriers. Several such barriers are introduced, as are a series of proven strategies employed by programme partners to address them. These solutions and others are actively promoted and also available on the programme's website for other organisations to implement for themselves. Through Better Buildings, the US Department of Energy (DOE) is working to dramatically accelerate energy savings through innovation, leadership, partnerships and demonstrated best practices.
The law of airline subsidies and incentives in the USA: Recent developments and future outlook
Authors: Reimer Daniel S.
Published: July 2024

The financial challenges facing the aviation industry have brought uncertainty about many routes flown by commercial carriers. Some carriers have ceased operating altogether, and legacy and low-cost carriers alike have eliminated low-yield and unprofitable routes. In some cases, service reductions have cut off communities entirely from the national air transportation system. One means of attracting and sustaining scheduled passenger service is to subsidise or incentivise those routes considered necessary or desirable by the local community but which may not be profitable for an air carrier. The system of permissible subsidies and incentives in the USA is highly fractured — legally, politically and practically. The federal government provides subsidies and air service development grants under a costly and controversial programme. State and local governments provide subsidies and support to airlines as an alternative or in addition to federal support. Airport operators are strictly prohibited from directly subsidising air carriers, and instead must rely on a complex and ill-defined suite of options for supporting and promoting scheduled passenger service. This paper summarises the state of the law on airline subsidies and incentives, and offers observations on the likely future of the various programmes and approaches. The paper specifically examines airport incentives, state and local government subsidies and incentives, federal subsidies under the Essential Air Service programme, and federal grants under the Small Community Air Service Development Program.
The shifting perceptions of a local police department
Authors: Bonaparte Yvette Lynne
Published: July 2024

Reports of excessive policing in the USA have resulted in fear and strained relationships between the local police and the communities they serve. This qualitative study presents the results of a unique experiential learning project conducted in a principles of marketing course at a historically black university in the USA where the student population is primarily African American. During the semester-long project, students were tasked with applying elements of the social marketing planning process in order to make recommendations to the local police department regarding the recruitment of women and minority police officers. Intergroup contact theory is used as the theoretical framework to analyse shifts in student perceptions of the local police department. Results of this study illustrate that students held more favourable perceptions of the police at the end of the semester when the project was completed. While limited in transferability due to its qualitative design, the results have implications regarding the potential value of engaging students of colour in collaborative projects that focus on problem-solving. Such projects may represent an opportunity to increase trust and to decrease tension between communities of colour and the local police.
EU privacy and electronic communications regulations
Authors: Kolah Ardi
Published: July 2024

This paper explores the background to the Privacy and Electronic Communications (EC Directive) (Amendment) Regulations 2011; the major changes that have been made to the law in this area; the opt-in regime and exceptions to the general rule as well as the practical issues involved in the implementation of the regulations in the UK.
Why multi-disciplinary, cross-silo teams are best at analysing and actioning data collected along the customer journey
Authors: Jenner Victoria , Soylemez Sefer , Dzhuras-Dotta Sasha , Tsoneva Ralitsa
Published: July 2024

Enter 2021, 90 years since the famous McElroy ‘Brand Men’ memo also marked the start of the shift of ‘brand activities’ from advertising to full ownership of everything needed to produce business results: ‘Where brand development is heavy and where it is progressing, examine carefully the combination of effort that seems to be clicking and try to apply this same treatment to other territories that are comparable.’ The explosion of sales and marketing channels since has spawned a plethora of marketing specialisms and seen businesses come almost full circle, with marketing departments focusing solely on incremental growth and campaign ROI, sometimes at risk of losing control of core activities. The pandemic of the last two years has accelerated the growth and importance of digital media and sales channels – another typically siloed team – in how customers research, consider and buy. Change is not only taking place in more obvious consumer markets, but also in B2B, where both customers and suppliers have been forced to move more of sales and service processes online. This is delivering surprisingly positive outcomes in many cases, with McKinsey’s research showing that buyers and sellers alike prefer the new digital reality. As the need to connect ‘base nurturing’ activities (which tend to be owned by sales departments) and ‘growth activities’ (usually led by marketers) becomes clearer and as the digitalisation of both sale and marketing becomes more mainstream, we are seeing the re-birth of the ownership of ‘line of sight to results’ across functional silos. This is happening with the creation of roles such as Chief Growth Officer, Chief Customer Officer and new-style CMOs or CSOs who take a data-first approach and tend to look further than their own discipline along the entire value chain for the customer. This hybrid position bridges traditional departmental silos such as business development, sales, marketing, operations, customer support and information technology. While those organisations are striving to understand their customers’ omni-channel jouneys and add value all the way across this complex ecosystem of interactions, some historical models of analysis may no longer be able to cope with today’s cross-silo, omni-channel reality that requires end-to-end insights for many teams across the business. In this article we examine various useful, relevant, data science based approaches on which modern executives can rely to understand this new interconnected reality, allowing them to understand, nurture and grow their customer relationships, even in times of uncertainty and rapid change. We use examples of how traditionally marketing department-led activities such as customer segmentation and marketing investment analysis can evolve into a more cross-functional approach delivering better insights and, importantly, more value to the business.
The payments revolution
Authors: Bellacosa Michael
Published: July 2024

The payments landscape is evolving at a phenomenal rate. New technology developments are emerging faster than ever, driven by the growing culture for digital solutions, new regulatory requirements, and the increasing number of new entrants in the market that are challenging more traditional practices with cutting-edge concepts that appeal to the tech-savvy society of today. This convergence of factors is acting as a catalyst for banks to take action and modernise payments. This paper discusses how banks must deliver real added value in order to maintain their standing in the payments space. Banks must consider how they can use SWIFT gpi to create solutions to support their clients. The paper also discusses how non-competing local-global correspondent banking alliances can help with navigating new developments.
Does a culture of innovation drive business results?
Authors: Gregory James R. , Satterfield Ronald K. , Puckey Brad
Published: July 2024

The importance and meaning of innovation are a matter of perspective. Improvements in product design and manufacturing efficiency often hinge on innovation being applied as a tactical tool. To develop a company that elevates innovation to an integrated and motivational management tool across the enterprise, innovation must become part of the firm’s culture. A culture of innovation is an attitude toward cultivating growth opportunities no matter where they exist in the company. It is a piece of the vast corporate ecosystem that drives the value of corporations without always being fully understood and seldom managed for value creation. It is part of a class of internally grown intangible assets not accounted for on the balance sheet, but which can yield decisive competitive advantages and enormous value. Innovation comes in many different forms, but a culture of innovation reflects on the company as a whole and can be measured, valued and managed for value creation.
The impact of regulation on the low-cost carrier air transport sector
Authors: Price Laurence N. , Hermans Paul
Published: July 2024

Deregulation in Europe started in 1987, paving the way for the low-cost model pioneered by Southwest Airlines in the US in a now liberalised European market, where any EU registered airline can fly on any route with any schedule, capacity or fare — subject only to slot availability. The low-cost model differentiated itself by offering low fares through radically reduced costs in every conceivable facet of the business and capitalised on new forms of distribution. Changes in regulation have allowed airports to tap into the low-cost market as well, offering lower airport charges for terminals designed to a reduced specification.
Impact of reform on collateral and margin requirement practices
Authors: Wallin James
Published: July 2024

The collateralisation requirements for OTC derivatives coming into effect in connection with Dodd–Frank and other regulatory requirements across the globe impose significantly greater burdens on market participants as compared with the current state. This paper explores some of the economic and practical considerations associated with these requirements and addresses some of the concerns raised by market observers about potential outcomes.
A new way of matchmaking: Redefining the provider-health plan relationship in value-based programmes
Authors: Mccall Natalie , Phillips Shunn P.
Published: July 2024

This article demonstrates an example of a provider, the Baton Rouge Clinic (BRC), and health plan, Blue Cross Blue Shield of Louisiana (Blue Cross), collaborating in a new type of relationship, moving away from fee-for-service to value-based reimbursement. The new relationship was built through Blue Cross’s Quality Blue programmes. Under Quality Blue, BRC and Blue Cross aligned incentives, shared information and increased transparency to achieve desired outcomes. Both BRC and Blue Cross made significant investments to improve quality and lower cost. Regular feedback was provided to monitor the success of these investments. Ongoing discussions are still taking place about how to apply these successes to additional transformation efforts. This collaboration has changed the way that BRC and Blue Cross work together to improve the lives of the patients. While the achievements of this relationship have become a source of great pride, evolutions under value-based reimbursement should be continued by both organisations. Additionally, BRC should work to replicate this relationship with other health plans, and Blue Cross should, in turn, do the same with other providers.
Awareness as wellness: Examining disparities in mental health care
Authors: Kemp Elyria , Porter Mcdowell , Davis Cassandra , Williams Kristi M.
Published: July 2024

Mental health encompasses an individual’s emotional, psychological and social well-being. In the United States, addressing mental health is an emergent concern among young adults. This paper investigates how stigma and ethnicity influence the likelihood of young adults seeking professional help for a mental health condition. To garner understanding regarding young adults’ attitudes about mental health and help-seeking behaviour, individuals from the Gen Z and millennial generational cohorts were interviewed regarding the management of their mental health and their comfort level with seeking help for a mental health condition. Insight from the interviews helped to inform the development of a model that examined factors influencing the consumption of mental health services. The model was tested using individuals from the Gen Z and millennial cohorts (n = 476). Findings indicate that stigma mediates the relationship between individuals experiencing a mental health condition such as anxiety and intentions to seek mental health services. Heightened feelings of anxiety were also related to efforts to self-treat an illness by consuming products such as alcohol and recreational drugs. Ethnicity was a key factor in terms of the intention to seek help for a mental health condition, with white people more likely than black people to seek help for a mental health condition such as anxiety. Finally, mental health literacy was positively related to intentions to seek mental health services. Recommendations are offered for how marketing and communication strategies can be designed to reach targeted groups, including groups of colour, to help address the mental health crisis.
Dilapidations: Identifying the boundaries of liability
Authors: Hollis Malcolm
Published: July 2024

This paper considers the problem of identifying reliable information in the interpretation of the content of the lease as well as the valuation. A surveyor would hope to be able to give reliable guidance to their client but decisions at first instance have been unpredictable. The common law guidance is volatile, with even decisions of the Court of Appeal being reversed by the Supreme Court.1 The expected standard of repair is set out in the contract. Instances where this has been changed, adjusted or clarified in litigation are identified. The issues raised by improvements that are accepted as part of a repair are discussed, as well as those occasions where this has resulted in the proposed remedy not being the liability of the tenant. The varied approach to calculation of the diminution in value has often been ‘judge-led’ rather than valuer-driven. This has resulted in a variety of outcomes that have not always been predictable. The content of this paper deals with the position in England and Wales (save for the Building Regulations reference as Wales has its own Building Regulations). Scotland does not have the Landlord and Tenant Act 1927 and there are also many other differences compared to English law. For that reason this paper does not refer to the position in Scotland. The boundaries of liability are important to establish but difficult to achieve.
Urban identity in the holy cities of Iraq: Analysis of architectural design trends in the city of Karbala
Authors: Lafta Farhan Sabeeh , Nasar Zuhair A.
Published: July 2024

The issues associated with the urban identity of cities are particularly important in the context of historic holy cities, where the social and cultural changes of modernity have profound impacts on the urban transformation of traditional urban fabric and structure. This paper investigates trends of architectural design in the city of Karbala, one of the most important sacramental cities in Iraq as a site of two holy shrines (among other sites) for Shia Muslims. It first highlights urban identity in general and the urban identity in holy cities in particular, focusing on special characteristics of urban identity formation. Secondly, it explains the selection of the city of Karbala as a case study, due to its regional, social and historical role for Shias around the world. This study undertook original research by administering a questionnaire among local architects in Karbala, focused on the relationship between the architect as a designer and many concepts affecting the urban identity of the holy city. The methodology used to analyse the validity and consistency of the questionnaire was the Likert method. The research concludes that there is a weakness in the designer communication with the urban heritage of the holy city of Karbala in particular, and with Iraqi culture in general. Also, designers believe that the legacy is unable to fulfil contemporary requirements, as the process of communication between past and present is limited by only copying the elements and architectural forms from the past.
How packaging design influences pricing impressions and product evaluations in the food industry
Authors: Pinci Francesco
Published: July 2024

This paper analyses the perception of packaging and its influence on the cognitive and emotional aspects of the buying choice. Nowadays, aside from a good price point, it is essential to have packaging with an attractive design to be selected by the consumer at the point of sale. During the selection process, consumers will consider some particular elements shown on the packaging such as the production location, the brand name, logo and price in some cases. These specifications can strongly affect the customer’s choice. This study focuses on niche brands of pasta that are not known internationally, which means that the respondents will have to choose from unique or unknown brands they probably have not previously bought and have no previous experience with. For this study, we selected three packages of pasta from three different brands, each with different characteristics and prices. It is possible to give the candidate choices very similar to those that occur during the buying process. This study emerged from two separate studies. The first used an eye-tracking system with an accompanying survey to understand scientifically what package elements are most attractive to the consumer and then compared the data with the survey responses. In the second study, the same survey is distributed online to validate the first study and to see if the main elements of the first study are confirmed. Additionally, the consumer’s choice can be compared between the pre-price and post-price phases. In these studies, it was interesting to understand which communication aspects primarily influenced the consumer but were not part of the decision-making process of the respondent. Good communication between the brand and the customer through package design is essential to evaluate the perception of the product’s value and how the candidate’s choice changes when they are aware of the price in addition to the other elements. This is really important for marketing managers and finance managers to understand the proper communication and the correct pricing for these specific products and how this element increases or decreases the level of quality assumed by the consumer.
Revised partial use: Banking supervision on the right track
Authors: Neisen Martin , Schulte-Mattler Hermann
Published: July 2024

The new partial use philosophy of the European Banking Authority (EBA) could be the first step towards revitalising the internal ratings-based approach (IRBA) in the area of credit risk. Banks currently using or that wish to use the IRBA will benefit from the greater flexibility and foreseen cost reductions. As part of the Basel III finalising postcrisis reforms document — often referred to as Basel IV — the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (BCBS) fundamentally changes the requirements on the parallel use of the IRBA and the standardised approach for credit risk and gives banks much more flexibility in the adequate application of both approaches. The EBA supports this change in a paper on the implementation of Basel IV, published in August 2019 (EBA-Op-2019-09a). The new supervisory view of the partial use could be the first step towards reviving the IRBA. It will bring about a sustained improvement in banks’ risk management in the important area of credit risk, as more risk-sensitive estimation methods are used.
Pilot project lighthouse: A proposed GDPR compliant methodology for analysing special categories of personal data
Authors: Walke Collin R.
Published: July 2024

The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) is designed, in part, to prevent discrimination in algorithmic decision making. However, the GDPR's requirements, as well as EU member states' implementing laws, often make testing for bias using special categories of data, such as race, either impractical or impossible. This paper argues that the pilot project lighthouse methodology is a GDPR compliant method for bias-testing special categories of data in algorithms. This paper finds that the pilot project lighthouse methodology is permissible in the majority of EU member states and argues that to the extent pilot project lighthouse methodology would be prohibited by either the GDPR or an individual member state's implementing laws, the same are contrary to the letter and intent of the GDPR.
Blockchain innovation in pharmaceutical use cases: PharmaLedger and Mytigate
Authors: Ziegler Yvonne , Uli Vincenzo , Wortmann Jan
Published: July 2024

Blockchain has been often presented as a disruptive technology that affects multiple fields such as finance, supply chain management and the healthcare system. This paper, positioned in the innovation research field, aims at enriching the discussion about real use cases in the context of the pharmaceutical and healthcare industry. The work is presented as a multiple case study about two recent applications of blockchain technology, PharmaLedger and Mytigate. First, we present the implication of blockchain technology for the pharmaceutical industry value chain. Then, we discuss the specific features of both projects from multiple angles, including ecosystem, governance, and opportunities and risks. Finally, we provide the lessons learned and the implications for the case studies under investigation. Ultimately, identification of the right use case, co-creation, acceptance among stakeholders and data privacy and security seem to be the most critical success factors for the implementation of an effective blockchain operating in the pharmaceutical industry. The paper constitutes a bridge for both practitioners and researchers between the theory behind blockchain networks and its empirical applications within the pharmaceutical industry.
Implementing digital asset management for digital media support
Authors: Kumar Reshma
Published: July 2024

This paper describes a case study of how Symantec’s Corporate Visual Design Team utilises a digital asset management (DAM) solution to manage its digital media assets.
Mind the gap: Creating opportunities from empty space
Authors: Berwyn Emily
Published: July 2024

The impacts of vacant buildings on the built form are significant. In addition, the function of commercial space in the UK is currently undergoing a process of change as the recession continues and the way in which people use town centres evolves. Similarly, with the economic downturn, the process for delivering urban regeneration projects has changed to be often a phased process over many years. This paper discusses the potential for temporary activity to assist and trial the diversification of the service offer on the high street and manage periods of transition throughout urban regeneration projects.
Transculturalism and its effects on the internationalisation of markets: A conceptual framework
Authors: Polychroniou Constantine G.
Published: July 2024

There is considerable literature in the field of cultural profiles, intercultural exchange and in how disparate cultural environments influence business exchange. Existing relevant literature addresses select marketing issues such as how communications are developed, their effectiveness within individualistic and collectivistic cultures, and the like. This study examines how intercultural overlapping may produce a transculturalistic environment that can help enhance market development. It addresses the challenges associated with intercultural symbiosis as individualistic and collectivistic cultures interact to achieve their goals. It argues that exchange between low-context and high-context cultures produces intercultural confluence, creating a confluent culture, which is catalytic to expediting market development. The study uses propositions through which it argues that individualistic and collectivistic cultures converge within a social context. The paper generates insights and offers an incipient framework with which to rationalise the confluence of individualistic and collectivistic cultures.
The effect of the last two phases of the uncleared margin rule on participant swap decisions
Authors: Onur Esen , Reiffen David , Sharma Rajiv
Published: July 2024

The last two phases of the uncleared margin rule went into effect in September 2021 and September 2022. In this paper, regulatory data is used to analyse the impact these regulatory changes had on non-deliverable forward (NDF) foreign exchange markets. The data suggest that the changes had little impact on total trading activity. However, a substantial increase is observed in the extent to which traders who came into scope during these phases centrally clear their trades. This is consistent with the premise that the rule change lowered the cost of clearing a trade relative to the trade remaining a bilateral contract between the traders. This finding is in contrast to the impact of previous phases in the sense that central clearing was chosen almost exclusively by clearing members in those earlier phases.
The restoration, preservation and mastering of the Lantz Cartoons
Authors: Moore Cassandra
Published: July 2024

This paper describes the workflow and approval process for bringing Lantz Cartoons from the Universal Pictures vault into a DolbyVision HDR workflow, and preserving film and audio elements as part of the Universal Pictures initiative to preserve and restore its 112-year-old library through digitisation. The paper describes the unique processes undertaken in accomplishing a request to master the films for a broadcast distribution deal and how the dedicated professionals used their technical knowledge, workflow expertise and understanding of library history to preserve, restore and master 139 short films to fulfil the sale. The paper details the challenges of creating a viable budget for the work and demonstrates the significance of technology in protecting historically essential films.
Developments in fast payments in the Single Euro Payments Area
Authors: Santamaría Javier
Published: July 2024

The European Payments Council introduced the SCT Inst scheme to benefit end users by enabling real-time euro payments between payment service providers (PSPs) throughout the Single Euro Payments Area. The rapid development of the scheme during its first four years is testament to the collective vision and work of European PSPs in support of real-time payments. This paper explores the SCT Inst scheme’s significant progress, in addition to related developments and challenges in the field of payments. The paper finds that a critical mass of SCT Inst scheme participants and reachable payment accounts is forming in the euro area through a natural, market-based process in response to the benefits of the scheme for end users and PSPs.