bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Profiling of Wavelength Biomarkers of Pure Meat Samples from Different Species Based on Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and PCA Techniques
Authors: Saputra Irwan , Jaswir Irwandi , Akmeliawati Rini
Published: November 2018

Infrared spectroscopy (IR) has been known as an analytical method suitable for authenticity studies.  In particular, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy can be used for qualitative and quantitative purposes. The main advantages of FTIR are high sensitivity, high energy throughput and excellent speed of spectral acquisition. Combined with computer and advanced chemometric software, FTIR can easily be used to manipulate spectral information.  Biomarkers such as DNA/RNA, proteins, metabolites, or a combination of profiles of several of these molecules are indicators that may be used to rapidly and easily detect the status and phase of biological processes. Thus biomarkers provide information about the status and phase of biological processes and their underlying particular traits. This study aims to investigate pig wavelength biomarkers against other pure samples of different types of meat based on Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and PCA techniques. Fat from four different animal meats (pig,chicken,beef, and lamb) were processed under different extraction conditions prior to FTIR and PCA analysis. Palm oil was used as control. Sixteen wavelenghts in accordance to type of fat and processing method were identified as spectral markers to differentiate pig, beef, lamb, and chicken fats, and palm oil. The spectral biomarkers identifying pig and chicken fats were quite similar, complicating the identification of samples containing said fats.       The biomarker wavelengths identified from the spectra of the four fats and  palm oil at position 1236 and 3007 cm-1 separated the four animal fats and palm oil at notable distances, indicating that these wavelength could be used to identify non-halal samples.
Carotenoid and Chlorophyll Profiles in Five Species of Malaysian Seaweed as Potential Halal Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (API)
Authors: R Othman , N.A Amin , M.S.A Sani , N.A Fadzillah , M. A Jamaludin
Published: November 2018

Seaweed, also known as macroalgae, consist of various species that have been gaining the interest of researchers due to the presence of functional bioactive compounds that can be extracted from their biomass. This research aimed to study the chlorophyll and carotenoid content from five species of Malaysian seaweed as potential Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (API). Three species of red macroalgae, (Eucheuma denticulatum, Gracilaria tikvahiae, and Kappaphycus striatum), green macroalgae (Caulerpa lentillifera ) and one brown macroalga (Padina pavonica) were selected and their chlorophyll and carotenoid contents were determined by using UV-Vis spectrophotometer and HPLC. Their antioxidant and antimicrobial activities were investigated using DPPH Radical Scavenging activity and Disc Diffusion methods, respectively.  In terms of carotenoid content, P. pavonica contained the highest amount of carotenoid (100.9 ± 14.7 ug/g DW) and chlorophyll content (7.5 ±1.5 ug/g DW). Meanwhile, based on individual carotenoid content, K. striatum had the highest lutein content (38.6 ug/g DW). Zeaxanthin, beta-carotene, and violaxanthin were significantly higher in C. lentillifera at 21.3 ug/g DW, 10.7 ug/g DW, and 8.9 ug/g DW respectively. Besides that, the antioxidant test showed that P. pavonica presented the strongest DPPH activity with the percentage of inhibition (I %) of (61.0 % ± 0.9). Finally, for the antimicrobial test, strong antimicrobial activities were shown by all the seaweed samples toward E. coli and P. aerugenosa. Overall results of the antifungal test demonstrated moderate antifungal action by all seaweed samples towards M. gypseum and Fusarium sp.
Auto Halal Detection Products Based on Euclidian Distance and Cosine Similarity
Authors: Rakhmawati Nur Aini , Firmansyah Azmi Adi , Effendi Pradita Maulidya , Abdillah Rosyid , Cahyono Taufiq Agung
Published: November 2018

Although Indonesia is the world the world's most populous Muslim-majority country, the number of halal-certified products in Indonesia is only 20% of the products on the Indonesian market. Halal certification is voluntary as such there are many food products which are halal but are not certified as halal. In principle, these food products may have similar halal ingredients with halal-certified products.  In this study, we build a system that can compare products that have not been certified halal with halal certified products based on its ingredients.  The food products are collected from Open Food Facts, Institute  For  Foods,  Drugs,  And  Cosmetics Indonesian  Council  Of  Ulama (LPPOM MUI) and our halal system. As of this paper writing, the halal-certified products are obtained from LPPOM MUI.  The system uses the Euclidean Distance and Cosine Similarity that generate top-5 similar products. Those two similarity calculations are based on Term Frequency-Inverse Entity Frequency weighting function.  The weighting function calculates the frequency of a term on a product name and ingredients.  If a similarity value of a product with no halal certification and a halal-certified product is higher than 75%, then the former could be indicated as a halal product. In the end, the system can give a recommendation of unknown products from a related pool of halal-certified products based on similarity of product composition. Cosine similarity accuracy is higher than Euclidean Distance and MoreLikeThis accuracy. Cosine similarity gets the highest precision because the cosine similarity is based on the vector angle of the term in a product.
Intrusion Detection System Using Multivariate Control Chart Hotelling's T2 Based on PCA
Authors: Ahsan Muhammad , Mashuri Muhammad , Kuswanto Heri , Prastyo Dedy Dwi
Published: November 2018

Statistical Process Control (SPC) has been widely used in industry and services. The SPC can be applied not only to monitor manufacture processes but also can be applied to the Intrusion Detection System (IDS). In network monitoring and intrusion detection, SPC can be a powerful tool to ensure system security and stability in a network. Theoretically, Hotelling’s T2 chart can be used in intrusion detection. However, there are two reasons why the chart is not suitable to be used. First, the intrusion detection data involves large volumes of high-dimensional process data. Second, intrusion detection requires a fast computational process so an intrusion can be detected as soon as possible. To overcome the problems caused by a large number of quality characteristics, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) can be used. The PCA can reduce not only the dimension leading a faster computational, but also can eliminate the multicollinearity (among characteristic variables) problem. This paper is focused on the usage of multivariate control chart T2 based on PCA for IDS. The KDD99 dataset is used to evaluate the performance of the proposed method. Furthermore, the performance of T2 based PCA will be compared with conventional T2 control chart. The empirical results of this research show that the multivariate control chart using Hotelling’s T2 based on PCA has excellent performance to detect an anomaly in the network. Compared to conventional T2 control chart, the T2 based on PCA has similar performance with 97 percent hit rate. It also requires shorter computation time.
The Role of Powder Sub-bituminous Coal with Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) to Improve Chemical Properties of Ultisols
Authors: Herviyanti Herviyanti , Prasetyo T.B. , Juniarti Juniarti , Prima S. , Wahyuni S.
Published: November 2018

This research was conducted in soil chemical laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Andalas University, from December 2016 until May 2017. The purpose of this research are to determine the level of activeness of powder coal Sub-bituminouscoalwith Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) and to determine the appropriate dosage of the mixture in improving the chemical properties of Ultisols. This research was conducted in 2 stages: first stage study with 10 treatments (1% to 10% (w/w) NaOH) and the second stage study on soil using 15 treatment combinations (3 doses of powder sub-bituminous coal with 5 doses of NaOH). The results of the first stage of research is the addition of NaOH in Sub-bituminous to increase the activity of powder Sub-bituminous coalwith parameters of pH, CEC, and increases the number of O-H, C=O, and CH3 groups.The results of stage II studies is the provision of a mixture of 20 ton(ha)-1powder Sub-bituminous coaland 10% of NaOH  were able to increases the pH of H2O, CEC, organic-C, Available-P, and Total-N Ultisol each of 1.49 units, 28.08 me.100g-1, 1.63 % C, 2.37 ppm P, 0.06% N, and decreases Al-exch Ultisol by 1.17 me.100g-1and , SAR Ultisol by 0.03, and ESP Ultisols by 0.82 %compared to nature soil.
Joint Power Loading and Phase Shifting on Signal Constellation for Transmit Power Saving on OFDM/OFDMA Systems
Authors: Prasetya Budi , Kurniawan Adit , Iskandar - , Fahmi Arfianto
Published: November 2018

Power loading and phase shifting are generally applied separately to improve the performance of OFDM / OFDMA digital communication systems. In this paper, we propose a new method by combining the two to save transmit power. The channel information feedback used on prior power loading is just a channel gain, so in our method, channel state information at the transmitter (CSIT) feedback is a complex quantity. The magnitude of the channel is used to adjust the power allocation of each subcarrier, while the information on the channel phase is used to adjust the phase shifting. Our proposed method uses the principle of channel equalization but we apply in the transmitter. The first step in our research, we derive mathematical equations in the system model to obtain the ideal quality of communication. Next, to get curves that state the quality of the system, we do simulations with the help of computing software. From the simulation results, when the CSIT works perfectly, the resulting performance in terms of the probability of error is equal to the system passing through the AWGN channel, which means the maximum power savings. Although CSIT is not perfect but can still get power savings on the transmitter side. The more accurate CSIT, the greater the power saving is obtained. For low level modulation, 70% accuracy can get maximum pawer savings. The simulation results also show that the application of the propose method has a much better performance compared to the application of channel equalization on the receiver.
The Effect of Styrofoam Addition into HRS-Base on Marshall Characteristics
Authors: Putri Elsa Eka , Dwinanda Ariefky
Published: November 2018

In this research, Styrofoam is added to the HRS-Base type of pavement to investigate the Marshall Parameter of its pavement mixture. Styrofoam is one type of waste that has characteristics that are nearly equal to asphalt, which are soften when heated and harden when temperatures return to normal. This study was conducted to determine the effect of Styrofoam on Hot Rolled Sheet-Base (HRS-Base) by varying the addition of Styrofoam in the mix. Based on the research, it can be concluded that the use of asphalt with the addition of Styrofoam as much as 0.5%, 1%, and 1.5% by weight of asphalt in an HRS-Base mixture improves the Stability of the mixture. The value of Flow is also increases when compared with asphalt mixture without Styrofoam. Asphalt mixture with the addition of Styrofoam as much as 1.5% has a maximum Stability above 1500 kg with optimum binder content is at 7.4%, and the value of Flow is above 3 mm. The 1.5% Styrofoam Asphalt ratio having the value of Voids in the Mixture is 4%, the Void in Mineral Aggregate is 19.2%, the Void Filled with Asphalt is 80%, and the Marshall Quotient is 260 kg/mm.
Opinion Mining Summarization and Automation Process: A Survey
Authors: Khan Sundas Naqeeb , Mohd Nawi Nazri , Imrona Mahmud , Shahzad Asim , Ullah Arif , Rahman Atta-ur
Published: November 2018

In this modern age, the internet is a powerful source of information. Roughly, one-third of the world population spends a significant amount of their time and money on surfing the internet. In every field of life, people are gaining vast information from it such as learning, amusement, communication, shopping, etc. For this purpose, users tend to exploit websites and provide their remarks or views on any product, service, event, etc. based on their experience that might be useful for other users. In this manner, a huge amount of feedback in the form of textual data is composed of those webs, and this data can be explored, evaluated and controlled for the decision-making process. Opinion Mining (OM) is a type of Natural Language Processing (NLP) and extraction of the theme or idea from the user's opinions in the form of positive, negative and neutral comments. Therefore, researchers try to present information in the form of a summary that would be useful for different users. Hence, the research community has generated automatic summaries from the 1950s until now, and these automation processes are divided into two categories, which is abstractive and extractive methods. This paper presents an overview of the useful methods in OM and explains the idea about OM regarding summarization and its automation process.
Influences of heating temperatures on physical properties, spray characteristics of bio-oils and fuel supply system of a conventional diesel engine
Authors: Hoang Anh Tuan , Pham Minh Tuan
Published: November 2018

Alternative fuels need to satisfy the strict requirements of the use for diesel engines aiming at enhancing the performance and reducing pollutant emissions. The use of straight bio-oils for diesel engines entails improving their disadvantages such as high density, high surface tension and kinematic viscosity (tri-physical parameters). There have been some as-used methods for reduction of the above-mentioned negative effects related to straight bio-oil disadvantage, however, the adequately-heating method may be considered as a simple one helping the physical parameters of straight bio-oils to reach stable and highly-confident values which are close to those of traditional diesel fuel. As a consequence, the spray and atomization, combustion, performance, and emissions of diesel engines fueled with preheated bio-oils are improved. In this work, a study of the dependence of the density, surface tension and kinematic viscosity of coconut oil (a type of bio-oils) on temperatures (from 40-110oC) within a wide variety are conducted. In the first stage, the influence study of temperature on tri-physical parameters is carried out on the basis of experimental correlation and as-described mathematical equation. In the second stage, the influence study of tri-physical parameters on spray and atomization parameters including penetration length (Lb) and Sauter mean diameter (SMD), and the influence of tri-physical parameters on fuel supply system are investigated. The optimal range of temperature for the as-used bio-oils is found after analyzing and evaluating the obtained results regarding the physical properties and spray characteristics, as well as compared with those of diesel fuel. The confident level over 95% from the regression correlation equation between the above-mentioned tri-physical parameters and temperature is presented. Additionally, the measured spray parameters, the calculated values of frictional head loss and fuel flow rate are thoroughly reported.
Basement Characteristic Western Part of Java, Indonesia ; Case Study in Bayah Area, Banten Province
Authors: Patonah Aton , Permana Haryadi
Published: November 2018

Recent study reveals that in Bayah Complex, 20 km west of Ciletuh Melange Complex, discovered a metamorphic rock that interpreted as the basement of Java. The aim of this research is to know the characteristic of metamorphic in Bayah areas. The result shows that the metamorphic rocks of Bayah Geological Complex are dominated by mica schist group i.e. muscovite schist, muscovite - biotite schist, garnet biotite schist and chlorite schist associated with Pelitic - Psammitic protolith. The amphibolite, epidote amphibolite and actinolite schist found were metamorphosed of mafic rock protolith. All of them have been deformed and altered. Based on mineral assemblage, mica schist group included lower greenschist - epidote amphibolite facies, whereas actinolite schist, epidote amphibolite schist and hornblende schist included greenschist facies, epidote amphibolite facies and amphibolite facies respectively. Based on the data, these metamorphic rocks are associated with orogenic style. The metamorphic rocks exposed to the surface through a complex process since Late Cretaceous. Metamorphic rocks have been deformed, folded and faulted since its formation. Its possible this rock was uplifted to the surface due to intrusion of Cihara Granodiorite.
Control System of a Super Fast Reactor with Single Flow Pass Core
Authors: Sutanto Sutanto , Wu Jianhui
Published: November 2018

The one-pass supercritical pressure light water fast reactor has different core structure from that of the two-pass cooling type one. The distance between inlet and outlet channels of the one-pass supercritical pressure light water fast reactor is shorter with less core water inventory due to the removal of the gap channels. Its responses to a perturbation are similar to those of the two pass core. However, change of the outlet temperature regarding to a perturbation of power to flow ratio in the one-pass cooling type fast reactor is larger. It is important to suppress the change as small as possible to keep the integrity of the reactor structure. Early designs of power and pressure control systems of a supercritical pressure light water fast reactor are applicable to control the power and pressure parameters, but it is not for the early outlet temperature control system which considered only the outlet temperature deviation as the feedback. An improved outlet temperature control system which considers both the signals of outlet temperature and power deviations as the control feedbacks can be applied in the one-pass cooling-type fast reactor with adjustment on the control’s parameters. Optimized control’s parameters can suppress the change of the outlet temperature significantly without oscillation. By using the control system, responses of the one-pass supercritical pressure light water fast reactor to the designated perturbations satisfy the criteria.
Optimizing the Preventive and Corrective Control Scheme in Integrated Variable Renewable Energy Generation
Authors: Putranto Lesnanto Multa , Sarjiya Sarjiya , Widiastuti Avrin Nur
Published: November 2018

Variable renewable energy integration makes the revolution in modern power system operation and control which lead to perform the preventive and corrective control for maintaining the system continuity againts the voltage security and instability. On the other hand, the power system utility should maintain the economical aspect for its operation, which is hard to be obtained in the system prioring the preventive and corrective scheme. This paper proposes the optimal management between preventive and corrective scheme for achieving the most economical operating cost to solve a stochastic security-constrained optimal power flow for the upcoming time-slot considering voltage stability, line contingency occurence and renewable energy source fluctuation by controlling the generation power, compensator and load shedding scheme while maintaining the computation speed. The main contribution of the proposed method is the active control between preventive and corrective schemes simultaneously for achieving the most economical solution. Scenarios developed in modified IEEE 57-bus test system are used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. The simulations show that the proposed method can make a significant contribution for achieving more economical solution while maintaining the computation speed.
Government Intervention and Farmers’ Adaptation to Saline Intrusion: A Case Study in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta
Authors: Pham Van Huynh Thanh , Febriamansyah Rudi , Afrizal Afrizal , Tran Thong Anh
Published: November 2018

The Vietnamese Mekong Delta is located in the southern part of the country where the Mekong River runs through before it empties into the East Sea. Saline intrusion is a recurrent problem causing serious risks for agriculture and coastal livelihoods of the majority of people in the Delta. Collective adaptation plays an important role in improving the capacity of rural community to deal with environmental complexities. This research aims to examine how the collective adaptation supports the farmer and institutional adaptation to the conditions of saltwater intrusion in Tra Vinh and Kien Giang provinces. Statistical analysis was used to examine the trend of saltwater intrusion and the change in livelihoods of farmers in the Delta. The result shows the remarkable increase in salinity over the past twenty years. Various forms of adaptation were demonstrated by farmers’ and governments’ efforts in implementing adaptation practices to address salinity. Farmers have changed from rice to shrimp culture either through an intensive or extensive system where it is favorable to local environmental conditions. Meanwhile, local governments have attempted to establish various mechanisms to support collective actions (e.g., cooperative policies). The study highlights the critical role of formal and informal institutions that assist local adaptation processes. Adaptation practices were most pronounced in areas profoundly exposed to salinity impacts. The study suggests that further attention should be given to the establishment of institutional structures and rural social networks and how they are instrumental to collective adaptation.
Powerful knowledge and the textbook
Authors: Platt Nicky
Published: November 2018

This article draws on experience both within commercial textbook publishing and on textbook-development projects at the UCL Institute of Education to interrogate the current dynamics of 'neoliberal' edu-business (after Ball, 2012). The author discusses some damaging limitations inherent
in publishing coursebooks predicated on what Young and Muller (2010) term a 'Future 2' approach, and outlines the potential benefits of classroom materials that allow 'knowledge' and 'text' back in. The discussion is situated mainly in the context of England, where a subject-specialist approach
to teaching and learning is strongly advocated in the policy environment.
What have the changes made to primary and secondary assessment frameworks since 2014 done to the 'London effect' in school performance?
Authors: Hayes Sean , Jopling Michael , Gul Ruki
Published: November 2018

This article examines whether the so-called 'London effect', in which London's schools improved rapidly and outperformed the rest of England on key performance measures between 2003 and 2013, has persisted through the high levels of change that have continued to characterize the school
system in England since 2013. Using detailed analysis of educational attainment data, its primary focus is on determining whether the introduction in 2014 of significant changes to the primary curriculum and the national assessment frameworks in both primary and secondary phases affected the
performance of London's schools in 2016, when the first examinations were taken under the new assessment systems.
Genetic divergence studies through microsatellite markers in pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L) Millsp.]
Authors: Sharma Pankaj , Singh Inderjit , Sirari Asmita , Singh Sarvjeet , Khosla Gaurav
Published: November 2018

The Genetic diversity was assessed among 96 pigeonpea accessions including 15 male sterile, 13 maintainer and 68 germplasm lines using 44 Simple Sequence Repeats (SSR) markers distributed over all the 11 chromosomes. Out of 44 SSR markers, 33 were polymorphic which showed 75% polymorphism among the used markers. For an individual primer, the alleles amplified varied from 2 to 4 with an average of 2.54. The Polymorphic Information Content (PIC) values ranged from 0.26 (CCM 0183) to 0.78 (CCM 0402 and CCM 0721). Based on 112 alleles amplified by SSR markers, the 96 genotypes were alienated into eight clusters. Cluster I and cluster VII were the largest with 22 genotypes each, cluster III and cluster IV were the smallest with two genotypes each, while cluster II, cluster V, cluster VI and cluster VIII consisted of 10, 15, 14 and 9 genotypes, respectively. Genotypes Pusa 991 and ULA 11 were found to be the most distant genotypes with highest dissimilarity coefficient (32%) where as AL 112A and AL 113A were the least distant genotypes with lowest dissimilarity coefficient (2%). Thus, highly distant genotypes can be used in pigeonpea improvement programs for getting desirable segregants. The selected panel of polymorphic SSR markers performed well in detection of genetic diversity patterns and can be used for future germplasm characterization studies in pigeonpea.
Formaldehyde barrier efficiency of melamine impregnated paper and melamine edge-banding tape surfaced particleboard and MDF
Authors: Medved Sergej , Forštnarič Jernej
Published: November 2018

Particleboard and MDF are the most usable materials for furniture production, where emission of formaldehyde should be as low as possible. In order to improve aesthetic properties of particleboard and MDF they are covered with appropriate surfacing material. In most cases, melamine impregnated paper is used for face layers. But covering faces should be accompanied with covered edges, as due to low density of core layer formaldehyde much more easily emits from edges than from faces. The presented research shows differences in formaldehyde emission rate at unsurfaced and surfaced MDF and particleboard. For face layer, melamine impregnated papers with grammages of 130 g/m2 and 200 g/m2 were used, while for covering edges, melamine edge-banding tape was applied. In the research it was determined that higher barrier effect was achieved when impregnated paper with a grammage of 200 g/m2 was used. When surface was completely covered with impregnated paper and melamine edge-band tape, formaldehyde emission was lowered by between 83 % and 94 %.
Career coaching tools: Evidence-based techniques for practice
Authors: Yates Julia
Published: November 2018

Recent theoretical and empirical developments have led to a deeper understanding of the complexity of career decisions and the cognitive processes that underpin them, and numerous techniques have been developed aimed at supporting clients struggling withthis complexity. This article introduces a number of evidence-based techniques available to career practitioners, examining the theories which underpin them and the evidence for their effectiveness within career practice. The paper offers a framework oftechniques and describes a number of tools which have been shown to add value to career conversations.
Cognitive information processing theory: Applications in research and practice
Authors: Dozier V. Casey , Osborn Debra
Published: November 2018

Cognitive information processing (CIP) theory, in existence for over four decades, boasts over 150 evidence-based articles and close to 300 manuscripts in total that demonstrate its strength as a theory, fertile opportunity for research, and utility in practice across various settings and populations. In this manuscript, the authors will present the key components of CIP, summarize empirical evidence for the validity of the theory, and describe its applications in different settings. To demonstrate the differentiated model of career service delivery, two brief case scenarios will be provided.
Contextualización del modelo de gestión de la Puerta del Sol (Madrid)
Authors: Cuenca Gonzaga Marlown
Published: November 2018

Este trabajo de investigación recoge los resultados del estudio de patrones de observación de la Puerta del Sol en el mes de junio 2014, así como un análisis del uso y la gestión que se ejecuta en ella. También se analiza la ocupación física del 15-M como gestión alternativa del espacio público. Los resultados muestran que, de acuerdo a las relaciones obvias, físicas, medioambientales y de producción social, el espacio esta subutilizado. En el presente trabajo se aplica la interpretación del método utilizado por Matthew Carmona en “Public Space” para definir el carácter del espacio público, limitando la investigación hasta este punto. Los resultados evidencian la necesidad de una nueva gestión más incluyente y diversa, así como de usos que reclaman “el derecho a la ciudad”.
Resiliencia ambiental: el uso de la infraestructura verde en la cuenca de Itacorubi, municipio de Florianópolis, Brasil
Authors: Alves D´Acampora Bárbara Heliodora
Published: November 2018

ResumenEl presente artículo tiene como objetivo presentar una metodología para la implementación de la infraestructura verde de escala regional y urbana para la resiliencia ambiental de la cuenca de Itacorubi, que está sufriendo graves impactos ambientales. Serán investigados los conceptos sobre la infraestructura verde y resiliencia ambiental, y la caracterización ambiental de la cuenca. A partir del análisis de DAFO será posible hacer un diagnóstico territorial para medir, según los aspectos de debilidades, amenazas, fortalezas y oportunidades, el grado de sostenibilidad del paisaje y del manglar de la cuenca. Será verificado que la implementación de una infraestructura verde, a través de conexiones verdes multifuncionales, en la escala regional y urbana, es una solución viable y de gran rendimiento para tornar la cuenca de Itacorubi resiliente. Palabras claveInfraestructura verde, resiliencia ambiental, impactos ambientales, análisis de DAFO, manglarAbstractThis article aims to present a methodology for the implementation of green infrastructure for regional and urban environmental resilience for the basin of Itacorubi; which is suffering serious environmental damages. It will be investigated concepts of green infrastructure and environmental resilience, and environmental characterization of the basin. From the SWOT analysis will be possible to make a territorial diagnosis to measure; according to aspects of weaknesses, threats, strengths, and opportunities; the sustainability of the landscape and mangrove basin. It will be verified that the implementation of green infrastructure; through multifunctional green connections in the regional and urban scale; is a viable and has good performance to turn the basin Itacorubi resilient. KeywordsGreen infrastructure, environmental resilience, environmental impacts, SWOT analysis, mangrove
En los límites de la ciudad: El caso de la Cañada Real Galiana de Madrid
Authors: Morado Castresana Candela
Published: November 2018

ResumenCon esta investigación pretendemos estudiar la formación de territorios fronterizos en tanto que límites físicos y simbólicos de las ciudades a través del análisis de un caso concreto: La Cañada Real Galiana, que ejemplifica el límite este-sur de la ciudad de Madrid, pero también el límite de lo urbano y lo civilizado con un espacio sin ley ni orden. Para ello, tomaremos en cuenta diferentes escalas, considerándolas como perspectivas de análisis: escala legal y morfo-tipológica, escala mediática y la escala del discurso encarnado. Analizar la articulación de estas tres dimensiones nos permitirá comprender cómo se conforman políticas públicas, planes urbanos o imaginarios colectivos, desvelando la Cañada Real como un objeto múltiple, complejo y controvertido.Palabras clave  Ciudad informal, imaginarios colectivos, estigmatización territorial, desigualdad urbanaAbstractThe aim of this research is to explore the formation of city border areas in terms of physical and symbolic boundaries through the specific case study of La Cañada Real Galiana. This territory exemplifies both the south-east limit of the city of Madrid and the frontiers between civilised urbanisation and a space with no law and order. In order to do so, this research analyses three different fields: legal and morphotypological issues, media representation, and discourse. Analysing the articulation of these three aspects permit the evaluation of how public politics, urban designs and the collective imaginary are conformed. Through this process, La Cañada Real is revealed as a multiple, complex and controversial object.KeywordsInformal city, collective imaginary, territorial stigmatization, urban inequality
Espacio Público y Envejecimiento Activo en los Barrios Bardegueral y Los Llanos
Authors: Pacheco Barzallo Andrea
Published: November 2018

ResumenAnte una creciente urbanización dispar de lo que entendemos por la ciudad tradicional, nacen muchas incógnitas sobre la habitabilidad y el modo de vida en los barrios periféricos de la ciudad de Madrid, y el cómo dentro de estos barrios se desarrolla la vida diaria de los diferentes colectivos, con especial curiosidad la de las personas mayores. Es justamente dentro de dos de estos barrios, Bardegueral y Los Llanos, donde el presente trabajo centra su estudio, con enfoque hacia el espacio público barrial y más específicamente frente a su capacidad de permitir o favorecer un proceso de envejecimiento activo. Con esta perspectiva, estructuramos una metodología de análisis en función de unos principios urbanos de proximidad, permeabilidad, diversidad y ambientación, una serie de elementos del medio físico, unas condiciones de accesibilidad y encuentro, y las acciones de pasear, aprehender, localizar y comunicar. A partir de los resultados obtenidos se concluye que algunos espacios públicos constituyen superficies ineficientes en desuso, pocos que sí poseen una identidad propia que favorece al envejecimiento activo, al menos hasta cierto punto del proceso, y otros que tienen potencial para alcanzar esa identidad, ya sea por medio de mejoras, renovaciones o gestión del espacio. Palabras clave  Salud, participación, accesibilidad universal, seguridad, comodidadAbstractFaced with unequal growing urbanization of what we know by the traditional city, curiosity grows regarding the habitability and the lifestyle associated to new suburbs in the city of Madrid, and how the daily life of diverse groups is solved in these suburbs, with special attention to the group of the elderly. It is precisely within two of these surburbs, Bardegueral and Los Llanos, where the present work focuses its study, on the public space in the neighborhood and more specifically on its ability to allow or to favor a process of active aging. With this perspective, we structure a methodology based on the urban principles of proximity, permeability, diversity and environmental setting, certain elements of the physical environment, the conditions of universal access and meeting, and the actions of walking, apprehending, locating and communicating. From the results it is concluded that some public spaces are inefficient and disused surfaces, a few do have an identity that promotes active ageing, at least to some extent of the process, and others that have great potential to achieve that identity either through improvements, renovations or space management.KeywordsHealth, participation, universal accessibility, safety, comfort
Caracterización espacial del paisaje cultural de los manglares. Caso de estudio de la Región Metropolitana de Florianópolis, costa Sur de Brasil
Authors: Alves d'Ancampora Bárbara Heliodora
Published: November 2018

ResumenLos nueve manglares existentes de la Región Metropolitana de Florianópolis se encuentran en diferentes estados de degradación ambiental por la ocupación inadecuada del entorno físico a lo largo de la historia. Dentro de este marco, esta investigación tiene como objetivo caracterizar espacialmente el paisaje cultural de los manglares de la Región Metropolitana, en cuanto a los factores naturales y humanos, contrastándolo con el paisaje percibido por la población residente nativa y la residente temporal y visitante. Este hecho está relacionado con el valor cultural atribuido a este tipo paisaje a través del grado de conocimiento de la población sobre los componentes bióticos y abióticos, los servicios ecosistémicos, los impactos ambientales generados y los cambios para el futuro. Como conclusión, se ha verificado que la percepción de la población sobre este paisaje se presenta de forma muy diferente de la realidad física y ambiental, demostrando disparidades relevantes entre ambos.Palabras clave  Manglares, uso del suelo, paisaje cultural, impacto ambientalAbstractThe nine existing mangroves of the Metropolitan Region of Florianópolis are in different states of environmental degradation. The causes are derived from the inadequate occupation of the physical environment throughout history. Regarding this fact, this research aims to spatially characterize the cultural landscape of the Metropolitan Region’s mangroves, in terms of natural and human factors, contrasting with the landscape perceived by the native resident population, the temporary resident, and the visitor. This analysis is related to the cultural value attributed to this landscape type through the degree of knowledge of the population about the biotic and abiotic components, the ecosystem services, the generated environmental impacts and the changes for the future. As a conclusion, it has been verified that the perception of the population on this landscape is presented in a very different way from the physical and environmental reality, showing relevant disparities between both. KeywordsMangroves, land use, cultural landscape, environmental impact
PROFILE OF ALLERGY HYPERPLASMA PATHOLOGIC ANTIBODY AND IMMUNOGENIC CHARACTERISTIC
Authors: Nazaruddin Nazaruddin , Budiman Hamdani , Gani Basri A. , Jakfar Subhaini , Hasan M. , Hanafiah Muhammad
Published: November 2018

The objective of this research was to determine the allergy hyperplasma pathologic antibody and to evaluate the immunogenic characteristics. Blood and serum were collected from human suffering rhinitis, skin, eye and asthma allergies. To obtain a cloned allergen plasma protein (protein allergen that had been induced with the serum from human with allergic rhinitis, skin, eye and asthma), the goat was used as an intermediate animal. Hematological analysis showed that the leukocyte cell such as neutrophil, lymphocyte, monocyte, and eosinophil increase in allergic-suffered human. The blood smear test exhibited that the mastocyte cell was dominant which contributes to allergy activities in human body. The sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylimide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) assay detected protein allergens with molecular weight of 188 kDa (IgE) and 60-62 kDa (mastocyte cell). The reactivity assay using enzyme linked immunosorbent-assay (ELISA) revealed that cloned-allergens (whole hyperplasma allergen from goat isolates) express the best reactivity at various concentrations of IgE than the leukocyte cells. This research concluded that the clones of protein allergen have better immunogenic characteristic and those proteins can be recommended as the candidate of allergen to induce the humoral immunity on host and deliver specific product of anti-allergy such as milk.
FREEZING CAPABILITY OF PASUNDAN BULL SPERM USING TRIS-EGG YOLK, TRIS-SOY, AND ANDROMED® DILUENTS
Authors: Baharum Abdullah , Arifiantini R. Iis , Yusuf Tuty Laswardi
Published: November 2018

The aims of this study were to investigate the freezing capability of Pasundan bull spermatozoa in Tris-egg yolk (TEY), Tris-soy (TS), and AndroMed® as diluents. Semen were collected twice a week from four Pasundan bulls aged 3-5 years old using an artificial vagina and evaluated macro- and microscopically. Semen had ≥70% sperm motility, ≥800x106/mL sperm concentration, and less than 20% sperm abnormalities were divided into three parts and each of them diluted with TEY, TS, or AndroMed®. After an equilibration step at 5°C for four hours, diluted semen were packaged in 0.25 mL straw, frozen in liquid nitrogen for ten minutes and kept in liquid nitrogen container until examination. Motility test on fresh, diluted, equilibrated, and after-thawed semen was done using Androvision®. The results showed that after thawing motility of sperm diluted in AndroMed® (58.64±0.72%) was higher than in TEY (49.45±1.22%) and TS (39.34±6.33%). Sperm motility of Pasundan bulls diluted in these three diluents reduced around 33.27±2.45% during freezing process.
MOLECULAR EXPRESSION OF WINGLESS-TYPE MMTV INTEGRATION SITE FAMILY MEMBER 4 GENE USING Escherichia coli BL21
Authors: Sitasiwi Agung Janika , Artama Wayan Tunas , Budiyanto Agung , Dharmana Edy
Published: November 2018

This research was conducted to find out the Wnt4 recombinant proteins which expressed by Escherichia coli (E. coli) BL21 carrying the recombinant DNA wnt4 (E. coli transformation). Research materials were E. coli BL21 transformation and E. coli BL21 non-transformation (negative control). The expression of recombinant protein was conducted by culturing E. coli for 24 hours in Luria-Bertani (LB) media with isopropyl β-D-1-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG) induction. Recombinant protein was isolated by sonication of pellet bacteria. Protein analysis performed by 15% sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). The results showed that recombinant protein with a molecular weight of 33 kDa has been expressed by E. coli BL21 transformation successfully.
THE ANTI-OXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF ETHANOL EXTRACT OF MAHOGANY (Sweitenia mahagoni Jacq.) SEEDS IN THE LIVER TISSUES OF DIABETIC EXPERIMENTAL RATS
Authors: Prasetiawan Eka , Mudite Adnyane I Ketut , Wresdiyati Tutik
Published: November 2018

The aim of this research was to analyze the anti-oxidant activities of ethanol extract of mahogany seeds on the liver tissues of diabetic experimental rats to overcome oxidative stress condition. This study used male Rattus norvegicus strain Sprague Dawley which were divided into 5 groups: (i) negative control group (K-), (ii) positive control group/diabetes mellitus (DM) (K+), (iii) DM group treated with 500 mg/kg BW ethanol extract of mahogany seeds (EM), (iv) DM group treated with acarbose (KO), and (v) non-DM group treated with 500 mg/kg BW ethanol extract of mahogany seed (KE). Alloxan with dose of 110 mg/kg BW was used to induce diabetes in rats. The treatments were conducted for 28 days. At the end of treatment, the liver tissues were collected and analyzed for malondialdehyde (MDA) content using thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) method and anti-oxidant cooper zinc superoxide dismutase (Cu,Zn-SOD) content using immunohistochemical technique. The result showed that level of MDA were significantly different (P0.05) in K-; K+; EM; KO; and KE with values were 0.81±0.17; 1.19±0.26; 1.10±0.04; 0.95±0.13; and 0.92±0.0 µmol/gram, respectively. The anti-oxidant content (Cu, Zn-SOD) of rat liver tissue in K+ lower than in K-, while anti-oxidant content in EM and KE were higher compared to K+. The study concluded that ethanol mahogany seeds extract decreased blood glucose levels and increased the anti-oxidant status in the liver tissues of diabetic rats.
ULTRASONOGRAPHY OF THE EXTERNAL REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS IN TOM
Authors: Ulum Mokhamad Fakhrul , Maharani Anizza Dyah Kartika , Kurniawan Rizal Eko , Sariningrum Arlita , Frastantie Dilla , Erwin Erwin , Tumbelaka Ligaya ITA , Noviana Deni
Published: November 2018

This study aims to delineate the tissue structure of male cat external reproductive organs using ultrasound with different types of consoles and transducers frequencies through indirect method. External organ of 5 tom weighing 2-3 kg was evaluated using ultrasound with stationary console (linear transducer, 10 MHz) and portable console (linear transducer, 6.5 MHz), transcutaneously. The results showed that both console and transducer could not visualize the structure of organs sized less than 10 mm through direct method. However, the indirect method using stationary console with a 10 MHz transducer enable to visualize the organ and depicts clearly the internal organ structure such as penis and its parts, scrotum and its constituent layers, caput and cauda of epididymis, and testicles. Furthermore, portable console with 6.5 MHz transducer was still able to provide an adequate image of those organs. In general, fibrous tissues such as tunica vaginalis, tunica Dartos, funiculusspermaticus, and urethra were visible in ultrasonogram as hyperechoic structures, while soft tissues such as the parts of testicles and penis were visible as hypoechoic structures. Tissue containing fluid such as urethral lumen was visible as anechoic structure. In conclusion, indirect ultrasound imaging method was sufficient to visualize the organs sized less than 10 mm using 3-15 MHz transducer in which was currently widely used in animal health care clinics.
Effect of PMSG administration in combination with vaginal sponge on estrous occurrence and litter size of Javanese sheep
Authors: Setiawan Rangga , Rasad Siti Darodjah , Solihati Nurcholidah , Widyastuti Rini , Soeparna Soeparna
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe use of vaginal sponge in estrous synchronization has been a popular method to uniform estrous cycle of small ruminants. In order to increase the litter size, the use of the sponge is combined with PMSG. Therefore the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of PMSG in combination with vaginal sponge on estrous response and litter size of Javanese local sheep. The study was conducted in Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Padjadjaran University, Indonesia with 32 non-pregnant local sheep. All these sheep was divided into four groups of treatment, i.e: 1) group of sheep was subjected to vaginal sponge (VS) treatment containing 30 mg Medroxyprogesterone acetat (MAP) inserted in the vagina for 14 days; 2) group of sheep was subjected to the 30 mg MAP in VS plus 300 IU PMSG injection -1 d before VS removal; 3) group of sheep was subjected to the 30 mg MAP in VS plus 300 IU PMSG injection at the day of VS removal; 4) group of sheep was subjected to the 30 mg MAP in VS plus 300 IU PMSG injection +1 d after VS removal. The result showed that all treatment groups had 100%  of estrous response. However, the occurrence of estrous time varied among group after VS removal. Group 1 (G1) and G4 tend to have estrous occurrence at day 3 after VS removal by 55% and 75% response, respectively.  Whilst, G2 and G3 tend to have estrous occurrence respectively at day 1 (62,5%) and day 2 (50%) after VS removal. A 100% of pregnancy rate occurs in G2 and G4, while G1 and G3 have a 88,9% and 87,5%, respectively. No significant effects of the treatments on the ewes litter size. In conclusion, the use of PMSG administration 24 h prior, after, or at sponge withdrawal increase a tighter synchrony of oestrous and pregnancy rate, but has no effect on the increasing of litter size in Javanese local sheep.Keywords: Vaginal sponge, PMSG, estrous response, pregnancy rate, litter size, sheep
BRUCELLOSIS SEROPOSITIVITY IN SHEEP SLAUGHTERED AT SMALL RUMINANT SLAUGHTERHOUSE IN BOGOR REGENCY
Authors: Septiningtyas Widya , Pribadi Eko Sugeng , Pasaribu Fachriyan Hasmi
Published: November 2018

Brucellosis is among the important diseases in livestock because the disease infects multiple species of animals and causes economic loss. Brucellosis in sheep is generally caused by Brucella melitensis and/or Brucella ovis. This study aimed to detect seropositive brucellosis in sheep. Serological tests used in this study was a parallel test between Rose Bengal Test (RBT) and Complement Fixation Test (CFT). Samples were collected from 150 sheep slaughtered in small ruminant slaughterhouse, Sentul, Bogor Regency. Seropositive proportion of brucellosis in sheep based on parallel test RBT and CFT was 52% (78/150).