bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The development exair based on brain-based learning and whole brain teaching (exair-brain learning) and its effect on learning outcome for senior high school
Authors: Lidiastuti A E , Susilo H , Lestari U
Published: January 2020

This research aims to create learning model of exair based on brain-based learning and whole brain teaching (Exair-Brain Learning) for senior high school. The method using Reeves model development with has 4 stages. The first stage is analysis of practical problems by researchers, the second stage is development of prototype solutions, the third stage is iterative cycles of testing, and the last stage is reflection to produce. The result first stage learning still does not use how the brain works optimally in the process learning. The result second stage is prototypes learning model of Exair based on brain-based learning combine whole brain teaching (Exair-Brain Learning). The result of third stage validation learning model and limited trial in student senior high school in SMA Islam Malang class XIPA 2 (36 students). The result learning outcome on limited trial has increased (56.06, 66.67, 88.89). Learning outcomes are obtained from quizzes. Validation consists of developing models, and learning media (Syllabus, lesson plan, UKBM). The result on validation development learning model 100% and the category is very valid. The result on validation learning media (syllabus 100%, lesson plan 97.61%, and UKBM 98.02%) category is very valid. The Exair-Brain Learning can improve student learning outcomes.
The effectiveness of Biology Integrated Learning (BIL) program with local wisdom in area of TNGR Lombok to improve students’ self-efficacy
Authors: Utami S D , Dewi I N , Effendi I , Ramdani A , Rohyani I S
Published: January 2020

Self-efficacy is one of the factors driving the success of student learning. This study aims at analyzing the effectiveness Biology Integrated Learning (BIL) program with local wisdom in area of TNGR (Mt. Rinjani National Park) Lombok to improve students’ self-efficacy. The participants of this study were 140 students consisting of students on Biology Education and Biology Program in Mataram University and IKIP Mataram. The study uses a pre-experimental type with one-group pretest and posttest design. The effectiveness of BIL Program was measured by using self-efficacy scale. Self-efficacy data was converted into interval data and analyzed using paired t-test/wilcoxon test and n-gain calculations. The result of this research showed that BIL Program was effective to improve students’ self-efficacy in terms of (1) there are increase score of self-efficacy ata= 5%, (2) n-gain mean was in moderate category of .22 to .38. Thus, BIL program can be used as an alternative approach for improve students’ self-efficacy in biology learning.
Improving scientific literacy through an interactive e-book: a literature review
Authors: Firdausy B A , Prasetyo Z K
Published: January 2020

Students’ scientific literacy in Indonesia still in low. Various attempts have been made by educators to improve student’s scientific literacy such as using different learning models; using varied facilities, media, or learning resources; and using scientific approach in the learning process. However, these efforts haven’t been able to helps students achieve the average standard of scientific literacy skills. Interactive e-book can be used as an alternative learning resources to improve scientific literacy. This literature study aims are to give overview how interactive ebook improving scientific literacy. Interactive e–book has 6 content that will help student to increase their ability on scientific literacy: Animation picture, videos, hyperlink, interactive question, student worksheet, and evaluation.
Profile of critical thinking skills in student’s SMPN 1 Kalipare at topic of substance and its characteristics
Authors: Nisa W M , Nafiah Z , Wilujeng I
Published: January 2020

One of the 21st century skills that students must possess is critical thinking skills. This research aims to determine critical thinking skills of students at SMPN 1 Kalipare topic of substances and its characteristics. This type of research is quantitative descriptive research. The research was conducted at SMPN 1 Kalipare. The research sample were 83 students of class VIII in 2018/2019 academic year and were assigned random sampling. The instrument used was 15 multiple choice test questions of critical thinking skills. Data analysis was performed with quantitative percentage analysis. The distribution of students critical thinking skills of class VIII at SMPN1 Kalipare who have very high critical thinking skills are 6 students (7,23%), high critical thinking skills are 7 students (8,43%), medium critical thinking skills are 17 students (20,48%), low critical thinking skills are 20 students (24,10%), and very low critical thinking skills are 33 students (39,76%). The results showed the students critical thinking skills of class VIII at SMPN 1 Kalipare about substances and its characteristics included in the low category with a percentage of 47,85%. indicator of critical thinking with the lowest category is reveal the reason with a percentage of 36,90%.
Development the innovation science learning based on technology embedded scientific inquiry (TESI) to improve problem solving skills and curiosity of junior high school students
Authors: Susilowati  , Wilujeng I , Hastuti P W
Published: January 2020

This research was conducted to develop innovation in science learning based on TESI (Technology Embedded Scientific Inquiry) in substance themes that has been validated. This research used development design. Data was collected using innovation science learning assessment to validated lesson plan, worksheet and instruments. The data were analysed descriptively to determine the validity of science learning plan. This research can produce innovation science learning through technology embedded scientific inquiry that have good criteria.
Students Perception Toward Their Preparedness for Volcanic Eruption Disaster
Authors: Tyas R A , Pujianto
Published: January 2020

This research aimed to know what knowledge do students have and how do student perceive their preparedness for disaster risk reduction. This research was descriptive research. The sample were 90 first grade students of SMP N 2 Cangkringan, selected by purposive random sampling. The instruments were questionnaire of students’ preparedness to volcanic eruption disaster. By the empirical validation, the instrument meet the fit validity and high reliability value. The results show that students perception toward their preparedness for volcanic eruption disaster, for the student’s knowledge and attitude towards disaster risk they meet very good criteria with value of 3,28. Student’s knowledge and attitude towards early warning system meet the criteria good with value of 3,08. The aspects of student’s knowledge and attitude towards plans for disaster emergency meet value of 2,98 with the criteria good. Meanwhile, the aspects of student’s knowledge and attitude towards resource mobilization meet value of 2,88 with criteria good. They still need many improvement because there are many indicators that meet low or very low, considering they are located in disaster prone areas that very close to the volcanoes, they should have very good disaster preparedness in all aspects.
Critical thinking skills differences of junior high school students based on the gender
Authors: Putri T S Y , Wilujeng I , Pratama M A , Astuty S
Published: January 2020

One of the essential skills that must be approved in the era of the industrial revolution 4.0 is critical thinking skills. One way to equip students to face global challenges in the 21st century. The aim of the study is to know differences critical thinking of junior high school students based on the gender. The research method is descriptive research. The sampling technique by random sampling technique. The data collection method used a critical thinking skills test with 7 description questions that were tested for 92 students by VII grade in one of junior high schools in Yogyakarta, with details of 47 male students and 45 female students. Analysis of the test results was carried out in a descriptive qualitative manner. Based on the results of the study showed the average critical thinking of female students had an average value of 42.67% while male students had an average value of 41.94%. The conclusion is critical about students in general, both male and female students depend on very low categories. So there needs to be innovation in science learning, such as using learning models, media, supporting teaching materials that can improve students’ critical thinking skills.
Students and teachers’ necessity toward virtual laboratory as an instructional media of 21st century science learning
Authors: Lestari D P , Supahar
Published: January 2020

This research aims to determine the needs a virtual laboratory. The research used survey method. Instrument used were questionnaires for both teacher and students. The research used 2 class grade VII total 67 students which choosen by purposive sampling and 2 science teachers in Junior High School 6 Yogyakarta. The questionnaires were analyzed by percentage and interview analyzed by descriptively. The questionnaires contains about science learning in school, science practicum in school, the use of technology in learning, and media virtual laboratory needed in learning. The interview consist of student learning outcomes, media that are commonly used in learning, implementation of science practicum, and the needs of the virtual laboratory. The result show that 94,3% students need virtual laboratory media should be developed to supporting media for the science practicum activities. This condition was supported by interview, teachers assume that with a virtual laboratory in which there are material, videos, pictures, and simulations make students not only understand the theory but students can do practicum virtually. The teacher states that it is necessary to develop a virtual laboratory media to overcome the constraints of science practicum in schools because of that students and teachers need virtual laboratory in science learning.
Analysis of Junior High School students’ scientific literacy on simple effort and aircraft for everyday life
Authors: Arding N I , Atun S
Published: January 2020

Scientific literacy was the ability to solve everyday problems and provide concrete evidence in scientific resolution. This research aimed to analyse junior high school students’ scientific literacy about effort and simple aircraft in everyday life. This research was included in descriptive quantitative would be using test questions. Test results will be analysed to measure students’ scientific literacy skills. The subjects of research were 8th-grade students at schools of medium quality. The research population was all 8-grade students, where all classes were homogeneous and had the same average ability. The sample was chosen because there are no superior classes and academic abilities possessed by heterogeneous students (high, medium, and low). The sampling technique used a purposive sampling technique. The instrument used to measure students’ scientific literacy was a scientific literacy test that matched the indicators of scientific literacy. The result of the analysis obtained from each aspect assessed namely identifying scientific issues was of 19.69% included in the very poor category, explaining that scientific phenomena were 32.19% included in the moderate category, and interpreting scientific data and evidence was 33.59% included in the moderate category. These results indicated that the literacy ability of students falls into the poor category.
Analysis of Junior High School students’ data literacy in Ciamis with local potential kampung adat kuta
Authors: Lestari W Y , Rosana D
Published: January 2020

This study aims to analysis the profile of data literacy ability by utilizing the local potential in Kampung Adat Kuta for junior high school students in Ciamis. This study used quantitative descriptive study with the test method. Subjects were 235 junior high school students in the academic year of 2019/2020 determined using purposive sampling techniques. The description test instrument was used to measure data literacy with four indicators, namely: exploring data, selecting data, converting data and maintaining decisions or making new decisions; this instrument has been validated by several lecturers. Data analysis generated was quantitative percentage. From the results of this study, test instruments for data literacy in junior high schools in Ciamis showed that the highest indicator was exploring data (39.32%), while the poorest was maintaining or making new decisions from data (29.47%). The results of this study indicate that the data literacy ability of secondary school students in Ciamis falls into the category of poor, so we need attention from educators to overcome the poor data literacy ability by practicing data literacy ability.
Analysis of Junior High School students’ critical thinking ability on ecosystem materials
Authors: Fauziah A N , Kuswanto H
Published: January 2020

This research aims to determine junior high school students’ critical thinking ability on ecosystem materials. This research is a quantitative descriptive research with number of sample 54 junior high school students in Sleman Regency selected by purposive sampling technique. The instrument used was essay test of critical thinking ability on ecosystems materials. Data analysis was performed in quantitative percentages. Based on analysis of the results, the critical thinking ability for material ecosystems indicator is analyze the facts/problems (47.22%), identify problem (38.70%), clarify/evaluate logical ideas (33.89%) and make conclusions (27.59%). Based on these results, the average critical thinking ability in the ecosystem material is 36.85%. This percentage showed that junior high school students’ critical thinking ability on ecosystem material were in the low category. Therefore, critical thinking ability must become serious concern and appropriate learning innovations need to be developed so that students’ critical thinking ability in learning science can be better.
Students and teachers’ necessity toward science interactive multimedia e-books based on local potential of gamelan to increase students’ curiosity
Authors: Herianto  , Wilujeng I
Published: January 2020

This study aims to determine the needs of students and teachers towards the development of interactive multimedia e-books based on local potential of gamelan to increase student curiosity. This study uses a survey method. Data collection using a needs analysis questionnaire and interviews. A needs analysis questionnaire given to 34 students of SMP Negeri 6 Yogyakarta and 13 science teachers of SMP/MTs in the Special Region of Yogyakarta. Interviews conducted with two science teachers at SMP Negeri 6 Yogyakarta. Questionnaire data analysis techniques used quantitative descriptive while interview data analysis used descriptive qualitative. The results of this study are the students’ curiosity is not optimal, especially on indicators of the desire to do material exploration (44%) and the desire to seek answers (18%). Plans to integrate the local potential of gamelan in science learning get positive responses from students (82%) and teachers (100%). As many as 80% of students and 100% of teachers agree that science learning uses interactive multimedia e-books. Based on data analysis, it can conclude that students and teachers need interactive multimedia e-books based on the local potential of gamelan to increase student curiosity.
Analysis of High Order Thinking Skill (HOTS) in joint midterm examination at YAPNUSDA Elementary School
Authors: Sole F B , Anggraeni D M
Published: January 2020

This research aims to analyze and describe aspects of HOTS (High Order Thinking Skills) in the joint exam questions used by YAPNUSDA Elementary Schools. It was conducted by analyzing cognitive aspects according to revised Bloom’s taxonomy and then analyze again with HOTS aspects that have been determined in the joint exam test questions. The research method used is descriptive research method with a qualitative approach. The research team describes the development of HOTS on objective test questions in natural sciences (IPA) grades III, IV, V and VI respondents involved were a team of teachers making up science questions, grades III, IV, V and VI. The data collection technique used is the documentation study. Documentation studies are used to identify and analyze the compatibility of questions with HOTS development criteria. The results of this study indicate that joint midterm examination questions in Elementary Schools under the auspices of YAPNUSDA have not been able to measure HOTS. The joint midterm examination questions compiled by the drafting team at each school measure the most Low-Order Thinking Skills (LOTS) and only a few can measure Middle Order Thinking Skills (MOTS).
Student critical thinking skills and learning motivation in elementary students
Authors: Fajari L E W , Sarwanto  , Chumdari
Published: January 2020

Critical thinking skills are 21st century life skills that are very necessary for life. The purpose of this study is to analyze the level of critical thinking skills of students, and how influential learning motivation is on students’ critical thinking skills. The research method used is mixed methods with explanatory sequential strategy. The sample of this study were students in grade V SD Jagalan. Data collection is done by the method of tests, interviews, observations, and documentation. The results of this study indicate that the critical thinking skills of students at SD Jagalan reach an average score of 67. Indicators of critical thinking skills from the highest to lowest values are interpretation, analysis, inference, and explanation. Based on the results a simple regression analysis shows the value of the correlation or relationship that is equal to 0.715. The influence of learning motivation on critical thinking skills is indicated by the coefficient of determination of 51.2%, while the rest is influenced by other variables. So, it can be concluded that there is an influence of learning motivation on critical thinking skills. The higher the motivation of students to learn, the higher their critical thinking skills.
The profile of Junior High School students’ critical thinking skills and concept mastery level in local wisdom based on outdoor learning
Authors: Arti Y , Ikhsan J
Published: January 2020

The aims of this descriptive research were describe profile of students’ critical thinking skills, the profile of students’ concept mastery through the implementation of local wisdom-based outdoor learning and the perspective of local wisdom-based outdoor learning and its potency to improve the critical thinking skills and concept mastery in the future. The sample involved 14 of 47 schools, 14 teachers and 40 students. The data were collected using interview worksheet for teachers and open-ended questionnaire for students and analysed using descriptive method. Few teachers did encourage students to have outdoor learning, and the facts showed that the students’ critical thinking and concepts mastery level were low. Teachers commonly used power point presentation on teaching-learning activities to illustrate intangible learning object materials. The data analysis results showed a significant correlation between local wisdom-based outdoor learning and students’ critical thinking skills and concept mastery level. Their profiles were low with an average of 53.85 % and 51.3 %. There was no implementation of local wisdom-based outdoor learning. Accordingly, local wisdom-based outdoor learning can be implemented to improve students’ critical thinking skills and concept mastery level.
Developing technology and engineering literacy for Junior High School students through STEM-based science learning
Authors: Anjarsari P , Prasetyo Z K , Susanti K
Published: January 2020

The 21st Century and the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) require human resources to possess current life skills and technological mastery. This demand can be fulfilled through STEM-based learning. However, there are a few studies on STEM-based science learning to improve technological literacy. This study aimed at determining the effect of STEM-based science learning on technology and engineering literacy among Junior High School students. The method in this study employed a quasi-experiment with pretest posttest control group design in 2 classes. The experimental class was taught with STEM-based science learning, while, in the control class, the teacher used regular learning (scientific approach). The observation sheets of science and technology literacy were developed to measure the students’ literacy skills. The analysis results showed that there was a significant difference in the technology and engineering literacy skills between the experimental class and the control class with the significance effect of STEM learning towards literacy ability was 64.10%. It indicated significant improvement from the experimental classes since STEM-based learning provided the opportunity among students to apply knowledge and to solve real-world problems through engineering processes that can enhance their knowledge mastery as well as encourage them to create something new.
Formulation and characterization of body scrub using marine alga Halimeda macroloba, chitosan and konjac flour
Authors: Ervina A , Santoso J , Prasetyo B F , Setyaningsih I , Tarman K
Published: January 2020

Body scrub is a cosmetic product that contains slightly rough material that can remove dead skin cells. Natural ingredients such as Halimeda macroloba is potential to be used as scrub. H. macroloba deposits CaCO3 in the thallus which makes the texture of Halimeda flour is rougher than that of other flour so that it is potentially used as a scrub. The emulsion-forming agent for body scrub can use konjac flour. Konjac flour contains high glucomannan which can used as emulsifier. This study aimed to determine the characteristics of body scrub using H. macroloba and konjac flour. Formulation of body scrub in this study was carried out by mixing water base (propylene glycol, glycerine, aquadest) and oil base (cetyl alcohol, stearic acid, DEA, perfume) at temperatures of 70 °C and 80 °C. Afterwards the mixture was added with 3% of H. macroloba and 2% of konjac flour. Body scrub produced in this study contained moisture of 58.49-75.15%, viscosity 10 106.67-14 900.00 cP, pH 6.48-6.93, whiteness 67.74%-95.96%, and spread ability 1.63-2.17 cm. The highest macro mineral content was calcium (Ca) with an average of 8.24 mg g-1, while the highest micromineral was iron (Fe) with an average of 16.85 ppm. The most preferred formula for colour and aroma based on the result of hedonically assessment was formula 2 (fresh H. macroloba with chitosan 2%), while the most preferred for thickness and texture was formula 5 (dried H. macroloba with chitosan 2%).
Hilsa fishery management in Bangladesh
Authors: Rahman M J , Wahab M A , Nahiduzzaman M , Haque A B M M , Cohen P
Published: January 2020

Hilsa shad (Tenualosa ilisha), is a biologically, nutritionally, economically, socially and culturally important species in the Bay of Bengal and Persian Gulf regions, but Bangladesh enjoys the major share wherein it contributes about 517,000 tons/year. However, this important fishery declined in the late 1990’s that led the Government to formulate the Hilsa Fishery Management Action Plan (HFMAP) and started its implementation from 2005. Since then, hilsa production increased @5%/year till 2015. To improve the annual incremental production further, Department of Fisheries (DoF) and WorldFish have jointly been implementing “Enhanced Coastal Fisheries in Bangladesh (ECOFISH-Bangladesh)”, a USAID supported project (2014-2019). The project supports the DoF and local communities to establish a science-based “adaptive co-management” that focuses on the brood hilsa protection, juvenile conservation, illegal gears control, and overall ecosystem resilience involving all stakeholders. As a synergistic impact of all the initiatives taken and the proactive supports of the law enforcing agencies, the declined hilsa fishery from both inland and marine habitats revived @ 11% annual incremental total hilsa catch. The increased hilsa production and average size (from 510 g to 915 g) resulted in increased household income of fishers by 52%. The interventions additionally improved catfish abundance and other fish biodiversity.
The establishment of fisheries refugia as a new approach to sustainable management of fisheries in Malaysian waters
Authors: Siow R , Nurridan A H , Hadil R , Richard R
Published: January 2020

The marine fisheries resources worldwide are facing depletion but traditional management methods may not be adequate to overcome this problem. A new fishery management approach which focuses on protecting the critical stages in the life cycle of the selected marine species is presented in this paper. The fisheries refugia concept focuses on temporal and a spatially defined marine or coastal area in which specific management measures are implemented to sustain the targeted species. This concept was initiated by SEAFDEC-UNEP-GEF in the South East Asia region and are participated by six member countries namely Malaysia, Cambodia, Thailand, Vietnam, Indonesia and the Philippines. In Malaysia, two sites were selected for this project which is the lobster refugia (Panulirus spp. and Thenus orientalis) in Tanjung Leman, Johor and the tiger prawn (Penaeus monodon) refugia at Kuala Baram, Miri, Sarawak. This paper discusses the activities carried out to establish these two refugia. These activities include resource surveys of lobsters and tiger prawns at different life stages (larvae, juvenile and adult) and socio-economic profiling of fishers communities at both sites. Several stakeholder consultation sessions were also held with fishers and local agencies to promote the refugia concept and gather feedbacks on the implementation of the new management approach. Two information centers were set up at Tanjung Leman and Kuala Baram, Miri with the objectives of disseminating information regarding the fisheries refugia project and its benefits to the stakeholders. Likewise, in collaboration with the local television station RTM, two fisheries refugia documentaries were produced and broadcast nationwide. The targeted outcome of this project is to have these two sites gazetted as fisheries refugia so that the wild resources of lobsters and tiger prawns are sustainably managed through spatial and seasonal closure during the critical stages of their life cycle.
Recovery of tuna virgin fish oil and formulation as a product model of emulsion food supplement
Authors: Trilaksani W , Riyanto B , Azzahra F , Santoso J , Tarman K
Published: January 2020

The aims of this study were to recover and characterize extra virgin fish oil (EVFO) from tuna eyes, and avoid deterioration and loss of EVFO functionality during extraction, formulation and storage of EVFO emulsion supplement. Research comprised extraction, characterization, and formulation of emulsions with addition of mangrove (Rhizophora mucronata) natural antioxidant extracts (0%, 2%, 4% and 8%), ascorbic acid (0.2%) and combination of mangrove extract and ascorbic acid (0.2%:0.2%). The extraction of EVFO used cool centrifugation technology and antioxidant activity of mangroves was measured by the ABTS method. Emulsion stability was verified for 2 weeks (25°C). The best formula was determined by using Bayes method. About 10% EVFO was isolated from tuna eye but its peroxide value was still high. The EVFO had a proportion of DHA up to 34.96%. Mangrove extract had an antioxidant activity of 52.96±0.42 ppm. The best preferred emulsion formula closest to the standard of stability was the formula added with mangrove fruit extract 0.8%. This EVFO emulsions supplement formula with serving sizes of 2 tea spoon (10 mL) donated 0.38 g of DHA which was approximately 32% of the average omega-3 requirement for the first trimester period of pregnancy.
Lesson learned on coral reef ecosystem services valuation damage due to vessel grounded in Indonesia
Authors: Wahyudin Y , Mahipal
Published: January 2020

Vessel grounded on coral reef ecosystem still one of the most significant damage by the incident to corals ecosystem services. Many cases had been handled, but not all of them are completely solved. The settled cases showed the willingness of the vessel owners to paid the claimed environmental loss. This research paper is aimed to compare cases of a vessel grounded during the year 2017 and 2018. This paper concluded the summary of all the works of experts hired by the Directorate General of Law Enforcement on corals ecosystem; ecosystem services valuation, and national regulation. The final calculation shows a varied amount of value claimed, due to the quality of corals before damages, its location and its technical approaches. The calculation of the claimed cost was based on the principles of ecosystem services valuation approaches which includes provisioning, regulating, cultural and supporting services. From all cases, the value of coral ecosystem per squares meter per year of corals damage ranges from IDR 0.12 to 0.83 million. This value was related significantly with the year damaged coral, the quality of the coral ecosystem before damaged, and the distance from the nearest coastline.
Case study of marine pollution in Teluk Bahang, Penang, Malaysia
Authors: Zanuri N B M , Abdullah M B , Darif N A M , Nilamani N , Hwai A T S
Published: January 2020

Teluk Bahang is a small fishing village located in the north-western of Penang Island, Malaysia. It has several attractions which include forest reserved park, ecotourism sites, theme parks and famous for its aquaculture activities. On 18th April 2019, fish farmers in Teluk Bahang experienced mass mortality of cultured fishes, namely groupers, barramundi, golden and red snappers due to a sudden change in water quality. Hence, this study was conducted to discuss marine pollution that occurred in Teluk Bahang that had caused the death of tonnes cultured fishes. Water samples were collected at the fish cage to investigate the water quality (physical and chemical parameters), heavy metals content, cell density and phytoplankton composition for determination of algal bloom that might be the cause of this crisis. Water samples were collected three times on 19th April 2019, 8th May 2019 and 26th May 2019. The results for physical and chemical parameters (pH, salinity, surface temperature, nitrate and phosphate) were all within the permissible limit according to Malaysia Marine Water Quality Class 2 (for aquaculture and recreation). Almost no harmful dinoflagellate species were detected in the water samples which indicated that phytoplankton did not cause a direct effect on the fish mortality. The concentration of heavy metals namely Cu, Cd, Ni, Fe, As and Hg in water samples were measured by atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). Results showed no detection of As and Hg concentration. The concentration of Cd, Cu and Fe in water ranged from 0.058-0.065ppm, 0.057-0.077ppm and Fe 0.326-0.389ppm respectively. These levels exceeded 20-100 times from the permissible limit. Ni concentration detected at 0.472-0.513ppm which was 990 times exceeded the permissible levels. These results indicated that metal pollution occurred in the marine water of Teluk Bahang and the possibility that the area may no longer be suitable for aquaculture or recreational purposes.
Natural resources based integrated agricultural system for the sustainable plantation industry
Authors: Yahya S
Published: January 2020

Crop production is the management of plant environmental factors to achieve maximum and sustainable production. Thus the production of crops in an integrated agricultural system must be capable not only to integrate and to harmonize between commodity components, various species of crops and livestock, but also to integrate and harmonize these commodity components with various elements in every environmental factor, both biotic and abiotic. The integration and harmonizasion based on renewable natural resources is an effort to realize a sustainable plant production (for profit, for people and for planet). Two groups of environmental factors grow plants, namely Abiotics: Climate and Edafik (land), and Fire; And Biotics: Disruptive organisms (pests, diseases and weeds), beneficial organisms (land caverage vegetations, bacteria and non-pathogenic fungi, symbiotic). Climate and soil factors are the two main factors interacting with the changing environmental factors of crops as a result of climate change, whether global, local, or micro. These changes have been identified to be environmental stresses for plants. Abiotic stresses of temperature, water and nutrients provide a weakening condition, thereby increasing the vulnerability of plants to biotic stress. Various efforts need to be continued to develop integrated agricultural production technology that utilizes local natural resources to enable plants to adapt to environmental stress. Below, Integrated agriculture system will be describe into on-farm subsystem (horizontal diversification) and off-farm subsystem (vertical diversification).
Sustainable Palm Oil: Dissecting a Global Debate
Authors: Noordwijk M v
Published: January 2020

Palm oil expansion in tropical forest margins captures headlines, primarily out of concern that encroachment to tropical forest causes environmental problem and ignites social issues [1]. Sustainability has to be understood in the wider context of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), rather than as primarily a plot-level ecological concern about persistence of production, to make sense of the debate that has become a very polarized and find ways forward. Cascading ecological and social issues have caused a loss of trust, (threats of) consumer boycotts and multiple standards and certification responses. Diverse sustainability issues have come up as part of a public issue-attention cycle with five recognisable stages [2]: A) Agenda setting, B) Better and widely shared understanding of what is at stake, C) Commitment to common principles, D) Details of devils derailing operations, devolved to (newly created or existing) formal institutions that handle implementation and associated budgets, and E) Efforts to monitor and evaluate effects. In Indonesia two phases of new establishment of palm oil coexist within a forest transition gradient: (i) (industry-led) expansion into new forest margins with many social and ecological consequences; and (ii) (often farmer-led) conversion of existing agroforestry and tree crop (often rubber-based) or pasture economies in mosaic landscapes. External consumer concerns refer to the expansion phase, rather than to production sustainability or issues of smallholder concern. However, certification standards are only partially adjusted to the latter. After a ‘voluntary industry standards’ phase of differentiation with and shifting blame to non-certified others [3], government involvement in Malaysia and Indonesia suggests that standards and certification can trickle down to enforceable good practice standards for all. This can learn from past ineffective policies that did not address the real issues in local context [4]. On the other hand, subnational jurisdictional entities are the scale at which oil palm production can be balanced with other goals, such as forest conservation and smallholder welfare. This needs a supportive and clear national policy support that combines clarity on forest protection (as in the now permanent moratorium), with support for risk-reducing diversified smallholder oil palm production systems [5,6] and international communication that acknowledges past problems but shows Indonesia is ready to move on, connecting all the dots of sustainable development goals.
Food safety & nutrition issues: challenges and opportunities for Indonesian palm oil
Authors: Hariyadi P
Published: January 2020

About 85% of palm oil, the most traded vegetable oil in the world, is used for food applications. Especially with increasing consumer awareness about the relationship between food, safety and health, the issue of food and nutrition safety is always become a major concern in the palm oil industry. The palm oil industry, in meeting the needs of the food industry throughout the world, must comply with food and nutrition safety standards, such as codex standards. In this presentation, some challenges related to food safety and nutrition will be discussed; including (i) the safety of compounds formed during the refining process, such as glycidol and chloropropanediol and (ii) safety aspects related to the fatty acids composition of palm oil. Finally, this presentation will also discuss opportunities for palm oil, not only opportunities to overcome the challenges of safety issues, but also in taking advantage of the potential unique benefits of palm oil, due to the content of its functional components, such as tocopherol., tokotrienol and carotene.
Simple method to determine irrigation water requirement for coffee (Coffea arabica (Linn)) nursery
Authors: Sulistyono E , Wachjar A , Rochmah H F
Published: January 2020

Easy method that used simple instrument was needed to calculate irrigation water requirement rapidly. The research was conducted to get coefficient for determining crop water requirement. Data was generated with single factor experiment arranged in Randomized Block Design with three replications at Bogor Agricultural University Research Station during March to October 2013. The treatment was five levels of shading that were 0. 25. 50. 75 and 100 % of shading. Coefficient of evapotranspiration was calculated by dividing evapotranpiration value with pan evaporation value. Result of the research showed that shading affected evapotranspiration or crop water requirement. So that. the coefficient of evapotranspiration under different level of shading was also different. Trend line between coefficient of evapotranspiration and leaf number was 0.002 X2 + 0.032 X + 1.305 for 0 % of shading. 0.002 X2 + 0.009 X + 1.430 for 25 % of shading. 0.007 X2 - 0.086 X + 1.676 for 50 % of shading. and 0.002 X2 – 0.018 X + 1.311 for 75 % of shading. In conclusion.the coefficient of evapotranspiration under 50% of shading are 1.52. 1.36. 1.20. 1.04 at growth phase of 2. 4. 6 and 8 leaves respectively.
Evaluation of arabica coffee propagation using cell suspension culture
Authors: Ibrahim M S D , Tresniawati C
Published: January 2020

Arabica coffee is highly produced in Indonesia, thus need to be propagated using a powerful approach like cell culture in somatic embryogeneis for providing seedlings. The study aimed to evaluate the use of cell cultures in somatic embryogenesis on several Arabica coffee genotypes. The embryogenic calli (200 mg) were subcultured into solid and liquid regeneration media (half concentration of Murashige and Skoog [MS] added with 2 mg/L of kinetine, 35 g/L of sucrose, 400 mg/L of casein hydrolisate, and mall extract). For the somatic embryos germination, MS media was used by adding it with 0.3 mg/L of BAP and 40 g/L of sucrose. The solid media was added with 2.5 g/L of phytagel. This study was used Factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) (genotype and media solidity) with 10 replications.. The results showed that production of the number of somatic embryos is highly depended on the genotypes. The size of somatic embryos, fresh weight, and root length on the torpedo and germination phases in liquid media was higher than solid media. Using liquid media at germination phase isn’t recommended, because it can resulted hyperhydricity.
Superior varieties of robusta coffee adapted to high elevation based on farmer selection
Authors: Syafaruddin  , Dani  , Randriani E , Supriadi H
Published: January 2020

Indonesia is one of world’s top five coffee producers and exporters. Two species of coffee commonly grown are Arabica (Coffea Arabica L.) and Robusta (C. canephora var Robusta). However, a few farmers at highland (> 900 m above sea level) of South Sumatera and Bengkulu provinces were keep interested to grow Robusta instead of Arabica. Gradually, they develope new superior clones selected from adjacent seed-derived populations using top grafting technique. Surveys was aimed to identify promising farmer’s selected clones to release as new superior varieties adaptive to high elevation. There are four promising clones, namely Pandi, Rakimin, Pawi, and Jasli, could be clearly distinguished morphologically. The average yield ranging from 2.14 to 3.85 ton of marketable green coffee bean per ha, substantially higher compared to check variety of BP 358 (< 1 ton per ha). Cup quality of those promising clones were categorized as fine Robusta as total scores resulted from sensory/cupping test were higher than 80 (ranging from 81.25 to 83.00) with some spicy and nutty notes. Based on those characteristics, it was reasonable to propose those four promising clones to be released as new superior varieties adaptive to high elevation.
The effect of ascorbic acid on clove (Syzigium aromaticum) grafting
Authors: Suryadi R , Pribadi ER. , Darwati I
Published: January 2020

Clove plants can be generatively propagated by seeds and vegetatively by grafting. However, the success of clove grafting is still low (<50%), presumably due to the high content of phenol in the stem which inhibits callus formation and causes connection failure. The aim of the study was to obtain the best ascorbic acid concentration to reduce phenol content in the clove stem. The study was conducted at the Ecophysiology Laboratory, ISMCRI from January to June 2019. The study was arranged in randomized block design, 9 treatments with 4 replications. The treatments were ascorbic acid concentrations : 0 ppm (control), 25 ppm, 50 ppm, 75 ppm, 100 ppm, 125 ppm, 150 ppm, 175 ppm, and 200 ppm. The parameters observed were percentage of grafting survival rate, plant height, leaves number, stem diameter, chlorophyll content. The results showed that ascorbic acid had significant effect on the percentage of grafting survival rate, shoot length and number of leaves on the 4 months old-grafted seedling. The highest percentage of grafting survival rate (75%) was obtained optimal concentration at 128.93 ppm ascorbic acid treatment while the lowest was control (47.50%).
Model of seedling institution development to improve sustainability of clove farming system in West Java
Authors: Ermiati  , Ardana I K
Published: January 2020

The characters of spices seed production varied amongst regions as influenced by physical, social-economic, and environmental factors, therefore, seeding institutions are specific to each type of plant and development area. This study aims to analyze the clove seed institutions in West Java and formulate an institutional development model to improve sustainability of clove farming system. The study was conducted in Garut and Tasikmalaya Regencies, West Java in June-November 2018. The surveys were conducted using the snowball sampling method. Research data were qualitatively analysed using the SWOT method. The results showed that the source of clove seeds in West Java mostly originated from the Garut High Producing Block which had been established by the Directorate General of Plantation. The certification and supervision of seed quality were carried out by the Regional Quality Certification and Supervision Board. There were three existing clove seed institutional models, namely Direct Model, Recommendation Model, and Plantation Seed Business Permite Model. The majority of the clove seed growers (100 of 115) in West Java did not have Plantation Seed Business Permits. The study suggests that the institutional model of clove seedling should encourage farmer/grower to partnerships with the seed certification institutions, research institutions, and universities, as well as financial institutions and distributors.
Stability of fruit and bunch of mapanget tall and Indonesia coconut hybrid with several planting distance using AMMI model and GGE biplot analysis
Authors: Matana Y , Miftahorrachman  , Nur M , Romadhon M R
Published: January 2020

Coconut plantations with new system of planting distance allow wider use of distance under the coconut than the conventional planting distance. Evaluation stability ofMapanget coconut (DMT) and KHINA hybrid coconut at various planting distance systems can be used as a recommendation for the development of coconuts with new planting distance in the most suitable environmental conditions. The purpose of this study was to determine the stability of the yields of DMT and KHINA grown with various distance models for five years observation. The experiment was arranged in a factorial experiment design consistsof 8 treatments with 2 replications, in the Mapanget Experimental Garden, North Minahasa Regency, North Sulawesi Province, for 5 years from 2014 to 2018. The results showed that the combined analysis variance was significantly different (F < 0.05) both GXE interaction for the number of fruits, while the character number of bunches is not different. The results of AMMI Biplot showed that Khina coconut with the most stable distance of 9 x 9 m followed by Khina coconut with a distance of 5x16 for land use under coconut plants with intercropping suggested using a distance of 5x16 m.
Morphological characteristics and productivity of sugar palm saps at several levels of tapping age
Authors: Wardani D K , Junaedi A , Yahya S , Sunarti TC
Published: January 2020

Arenga pinnata (Wurmb) Merr is a multipurpose plant, its main product is sugar palm saps containing sugar collected by tapping the male inflorescence. The aim of the research is to evaluate the morphological characteristics, productivity, and quality of saps from three levels of tapping age (early, mid, and final tapping). The results showed that the morphological characteristics at three age levels of tapping have a high diversity in morphological variables (plant height, stem circumference, number of leaves, and number of female inflorescence). The productivity component of palm saps can be described as follows: tapping period between 15-214 days; morning saps volume between 41.30-1511 l/inflorescence; afternoon saps volume between 34.80-1139 l/inflorescence; total saps volume between 76.10-2650 l/inflorescence; morning saps discharge between 0.20-0.96 liter/inflorescence/hour; afternoon saps discharge between 0.23-0.67 l/inflorescence/hour; and productivity of saps between 4.47-14.62 l/inflorescence/day. The volume productivity of the sap at the initial tapping age level is relatively low (between 323.00-614.20 l/inflorescence), increase at the mid tapping age (between 570.20-2 650.00 l/inflorescence), and decrease at the final tapping age (between 76.10-445.00 l/inflorescence). The quality of palm saps are: total soluble solids between 11.00-16.80%, pH of saps between 7.00-7.10, and sugar content between 8.09-13.52%.