bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pemberdayaan Kader dalam Pemantauan Pertumbuhan dan Perkembangan Balita dengan DDST di Desa Mangliawan Kab. Malang
Authors: Jayanti Nicky Danur , Mayasari Senditya Indah
Published: August 2019

Masa balita adalah masa ketika otak anak berkembang dengan pesat dan cepat dalam menyerap beberapa informasi. Periode emas merupakan periode yang sangat penting dalam suatu siklus perkembangan. DDST merupakan tes yang digunakan untuk memprediksi adanya kelainan pada pertumbuhan dan perkembangan balita. Masa ini merupakan landasan yang menentukan kualitas penerus generasi bangsa. Masa – masa dimana anakmemerlukan perhatian khusus yakni berada pada usia 6-24 bulan, karena pada kelompok umur ini merupakan tahapan perkembangan kritis dan kegagalan tumbuh (growth failure) mulai jelas terlihat. Pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk meningkatan keterampilan kader Posyandu dalam mengobservasi pertumbuhan dan perkembangan balita juga mampu mengobservasi pertumbuhan dan perkembangan bayi balita secara berkala. Solusi yang ditawarkan oleh tim pelaksana adalah meningkatkan peran dan fungsi kader Posyandu melalui pelatihan tentang metode skrining pemantauan perkembangan anak dengan DDST sekaligus pemantauan langsung terhadap pertumbuhan dan perkembangan pada balita yang berada di desa Mangliawan. Pendampingan pada kader Posyandu selama proses pelaksanaan kegiatan. Monitoring dan evaluasi oleh bidan pelaksana terhadap kader dalam pemantauan tumbuh kembang balita dengan DDST. Rangkaian kegiatan ini dilakukan selama 2 bulan (Juli-September 2018). Kegiatan ini mencapai hasil yakni meningkatnya keterampilan kader Posyandu tentang tumbuh kembang balita sehingga upaya pencegahan, upaya menstimulasi serta upaya penyembuhan dan pemulihan dapat diberikan dengan indikasi atau penyebab yang jelas sedini mungkin pada masa-masa kritis tumbuh kembang. Tersedianya sarana dan prasarana penunjang kegiatan seperti buku panduan, lembar DDST, ATK dan APE. Kader Posyandu telah melaksanakan tugasnya yaitu melakukan Pemantauan tumbuh kembang menggunakan DDST secara berkala.
PENGARUH SUMBER INFORMASI DAN PARITAS TERHADAP KEMAUAN IBU MELAKUKAN SENAM NIFAS DINI
Authors: Windarti Yunik , Dewi Uke Maharani
Published: August 2019

Gymnastics is not new in the world of health. This activity is very useful to help restore the condition of the mother's body after childbirth to recover as before becoming pregnant. But there are still many postpartum mothers who don't do postnatal exercise. The research objective is to analyze the effectiveness of information sources and parity on the willingness to do early puerperal gymnastics. Design analytical cross-sectional, the sample of postpartum mothers in the Inpatient Primary Clinic of RBG RZ Surabaya for 2 months was taken using a total sampling of 31 respondents. Collecting primary data in the form of questionnaires, then analyzed using multiple logistic regression test. The results showed of the 16 respondents who did not get the information source most (56.3%) did not want to do early puerperal gymnastics and out of 23 multipara respondents, almost all (78.3%) wanted to do early puerperal gymnastics. Partially the source of information (p = 0.016) is effective in influencing the willingness to do puerperal exercise with an OR value of 24, 290 (95% CI: 1,811 - 325,759). Parity (p = 0.070) is not effective against the willingness to do postnatal exercise with a value of OR 9.159 (95% CI: 0.836 - 100.301). The Conclusion providing good information will affect mothers to do postpartum exercise early, but the number of maternal parity does not contribute to the willingness of mothers to do early puerperal gymnastics.

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ANALISIS KUALITAS PELAYANAN, SARANA PRASARANA DAN LINGKUNGAN TERHADAP KEPUASAN PASIEN
Authors: Ulandari Sripina , Yudawati Sunarsih
Published: August 2019

The puskesmas must still be able to maintain the quality of services supported by adequate facilities and infrastructure and be supported by the creation of a clean, beautiful, neat and pleasant environment so as to meet the expectations or needs of patients. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between the quality of services, facilities and the environment for patient satisfaction at Pujon Health Center Malang Regency.The type of research used is explanatory reset. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling. The sample in this study were patients who came to treatment (at least 2 times treatment) or patients who had used services to the Health Center as many as 150 respondents. Collecting data uses observation techniques, interviews, questionnaires and documentation. The data analysis used is multiple linear regression. Based on the results of the study prove the existence of a significant influence between the quality of service, infrastructure and environment on patient satisfaction in Health Center (p-value 0.034
PERILAKU KURANG GERAK (SEDENTARY BEHAVIOUR) DENGAN PERKEMBANGAN PSIKOSOSIAL ANAK PRA SEKOLAH
Authors: Ludyanti Laviana Nita
Published: August 2019

The development of science and technology, creates various kinds of conveniences that cause an increase in sedentary behavior. This also has an impact on the development of pre-school age children, one of which is psychosocial development. This study aims to determine the relationship between sedentary behaviour and psychosocial development in pre-school children. The design of this study is correlational with a cross sectional approach. The population in this study were mothers of pre-school age children at ABA II Kindergarten, with a sample of 35 people using purposive sampling techniques. Its collected with quessionaire. Statistical analysis using a Spearman Rank Test with α = 0.05. The results showed that most children had psychosocial development in the not appropriate category of 71%. While the lack of motion behavior in the heavy category was 77%. The results showed that there was a significant relationship between sedentary behavior and psychosocial development in pre-school children with results (r = 0.457; ρ = 0,00
MENGURAI PETA JALAN AKUNTANSI ERA INDUSTRI 4.0
Authors: Tata Rini Yeni
Published: August 2019

Era 4.0. merupakan revolusi dalam dunia industri, pada era tersebut disebut sebagai fenomena distruptive innovation. Pada era industri 4.0, penekannya terletak pada pola digital economy, kecerdasan buatan (artificial intelligence), big data, robotic, dan otomatisasi. Dampak yang ditimbulkan pada era industri 4.0 berpengaruh terhadap bidang menajemen, keuangan, dan bisnis. Tidak terkecuali bidang akuntansi, para akuntan di tuntut untuk mempersiapkan diri dalam menghadapi era tersebut yaitu dengan cara membekali diri dengan teknologi informasi dan kemampuan analisa bisnis. selain itu bidang studi akuntansi juga harus dipersiapkan untuk mampu berkolaborasi dengan teknologi. Kedepan akuntan tidak hanya diposisikan sebagai analis keuangan semata tetapi sebagai penasehat bisnis. Hal tersebut bermakna akuntan juga dituntut untuk memiliki kemampuan analisa bisnis dengan menggunakan kemampuan pengolahan data berbasis digital.
FEATURES OF VIRAL CONTAMINATION OF DRINKING WATER IN ARKHANGELSK REGION
Authors: Bobun I I , Buzinov R V , Shishko L A , Boltenkov V P , Morgunov B A , Gudkov A B
Published: August 2019

Goal of study: to carry out an analysis of drinking water viral contamination dynamics in the Arkhangelsk region for development of proposals improving water supply of the population. In order to reveal markers of viral contamination in water, there have been carried out examinations of water samples by a laboratory in the Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology in the Arkhangelsk Region from 2006 to 2014 with use of different methods. With use of the virological method and the method of enzyme immunoassay (EIA), there were examined 934 drinking water samples from the public drinking water supply system, and with use of the method of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) - 617 water samples. Presence of enteroviruses and their genetic material in drinking water samples was confirmed in the laboratory in 2008, 2010 and 2014. In what connection, the proportion of samples with positive research results for enteroviruses with use of the PCR method was in 2008 - 4.5 %, in 2010 - 7.4 %, in 2014 - 1.6 %. In the analysis with use of the virological method, a positive result was received in 2010 - there were isolated 3 strains of Coxsackie enteroviruses В5 (2.4 %) and in 2014 - there was isolated 1 strain of Coxsackie enteroviruses В3 (0.5 %). The results of the analysis of water samples carried out with use of the EIA method with the goal to reveal hepatitis А virus and rotaviruses antigens have shown annually registered facts of presence of markers of these causative agents in piped water. Thus in the mentioned years, the proportion of samples containing group-specific antigens of rotaviruses was 1.3 %, hepatitis A virus antigen - 0.5 %. Annually in water samples, there are detected DNA/RNA of the following microorganisms: Salmonella spp., rotaviruses of A group, Noroviruses of 2 genotype, astroviruses, adenoviruses of F group. In the structure of the detected DNA/RNA of the causative agents, there prevail rotaviruses of A group (57.4 %) and adenoviruses of F group (24.1 %). There have been proposed recommendations for solution of problems of water situation improvement for supply of good drinking water to the Arkhangelsk region population.
CHRONOTROPIC EFFECT OF FUNCTIONAL TESTS DURING HUMAN BODY MOBILIZATION
Authors: Dernovoy B F
Published: August 2019

With the aim of studying the features of the vegetative components of cardiac activity in the period of functional stress of the body, that are interesting for study of adaptive changes in the human circulatory system, there has been studied the heart chronotropic response to the paired somato-vegetative cardiac reflex caused by a modified breakdown Aschner-Danini in first year military servicemen and students of the Syktyvkar State University in conditions of relative rest and after physical loading, samples Martin-Kushelevsky. With use of the method of electrocardiography in the second standard lead, there were recorded RR-intervals before and after functional tests. It has been found that in the servicemen with the heart heterogeneous chronotropic function which bodies adapted to new environments, vagal samples in the body state of relative rest caused a bigger heterogeneous chronotropic response of the heart than in the students adapted to external conditions. After the subjects underwent exercise loading, the heart response to induced coupled cardiac reflex was unidirectional and more pronounced than at rest. The results indicated increased influence of the vagus on the heart work in conditions of the body mobilization. Associated vagal test combined with the exercise loading is the method of choice in evaluation of the autonomic system regulating the circulation homeostasis in conditions of high requirements to the body.
Protein S100 sebagai Petanda Kerusakan Otak pada Cedera Otak Ringan dan Sedang
Authors: Imaningdyah Aditarahma , Suryaatmadja Marzuki , Soertidewi Kiemas Lyna
Published: August 2019

Brain injury becomes worldwide public health issue since it may cause disability and mortality. The diagnosis of brain injury is made based on clinical neurology examination, and CT scan or MRI. Serum S100 protein examination in mild and moderate brain injury patients is needed to detect and evaluate the presence of post traumatic brain injury. This research subject is healthy people and patients with mild and moderate brain injury, based on their GCS grade, clinical neurologic examination, and CT scan. On these patients, the blood for S100 protein examination is taken at admission, 6 and 24 hours post trauma, and last day of hospitalization. Examination of a serum S100 protein is conducted using ECLIA method. There is significant difference (p value 0,001) in mild or moderate brain injury patients in all serum S100 protein. The peak level of serum S100 protein reached at 6 hours post trauma. Serum S100 protein in moderate brain injury patients at admission is significantly higher than the mild ones, and serum S100 protein in mild brain injury patients is also significantly higher than healthy people. Serum S100 protein can be used as brain injury biomarker  to  detect  and  evaluate  the  presence  of  post  traumatic  brain injury.
Perawatan Full Overdenture Rahang Atas dan Rahang Bawah dengan Retensi Coping Logam
Authors: Rintoko Bimo
Published: August 2019

This case will study discussed full overdenture treatment in patient with partial edentulous upper jaw and lower jaw. Understand the treatment of full overdenture by using metal coping retention. 53 years old woman as a housewife comes with a chief complain of missing teeth and a lot of damage teeth that cannot be used to eat. Preliminary treatment and endodontic treatment on 13, 11, 21, 35, 33, 31, 41, 43. Next decuspation all remaining teeth on 13, 11, 21, 22, 35, 33, 31, 41, 43. On 13, 11, 21, 35, 33, 31, 41, 43 using a single coping with retentive attachment (single attachment). Treatment full overdenture using metal coping retention may be an alternative treatment in partian edentulous maxilla and mandibula.
Pengaruh Perubahan Pendapatan Bunga Bersih dan Size terhadap Expected Return Saham pada Perusahan Perbankan di BEI Tahun 2006 – 2010
Authors: Budiantoro Harry
Published: August 2019

Information content from net interest income and size of entity have very important role to provide information for users to make decision in accordingly. For investor, information in financial statement moght be used to determine the risk rate in expected return. This research aims to testthe influence iterations of net interest income, and size toward share expected return in the banking company at BEI. In this study 14 samples of company available from industrial banking based ICMD 2010 during the period of 2006-2010 were analysed. Multiple linear regresion models was employed to test influence of net interest income and size toward share expected return. Result of classic assumption test abnormal distribution data showed no finding of any multi-collinear, heteroscedasticity, and autocorrelation. However the result showed share expected return was influenced simultaneuosly by PBB iteration, and size and partially no variable significantly influence expected return.
Efek Bubuk Susu Kedelai terhadap Kadar Kolesterol LDL dan HDL Serum Wanita Perimenopause dengan Hiperkolesterolemia
Authors: Kuntarti Retno , Sukmaniah Sri , Widia A. Jusman Sri
Published: August 2019

Perimenopausal women is at risk of atherosclerosis as a result of the increase of LDL cholesterol level and the decrease of HDL cholesterol level.  Soy milk powder consumption may protect toward these risk factors. This purpose of study is to investigate the effects of 2x30 g/d soy milk flour for eight weeks on serum cholesterol LDL and HDL levels in hypercholesterolemic perimenopausal women. The 19 subjects received 2x30 g/d soy milk powder for eight weeks. LDL and HDL serum cholesterol levels were determined at 0, 4, 9 weeks. Dietary intakes were assesed using 1x24 hours food recall. Statistical analysis used t Test. After eight weeks intervention, Soy milk powder decreases significant (p less than 0.05) LDL cholesterol levels at the 4th  week (8.59 plus-minus 17.31%), and the8th week (7.81 plus-minus 11.32%). Soy milk powder can’t increase HDL cholesterol levels at the 4th and 8th weeks significantly.  Soy milk decrease significant the ratio of LDL to HDL (7,03 plus-minus 16,82%) at the 4th week. Consuming soy milk powder 2 x 30 g/d during eight weeks can reduce the LDL cholesterol level and LDL/HDL ratio significantly.
Gambaran Sedentary Behaviour dan Indeks Massa Tubuh Mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas YARSI di Masa Pendidikan Tahun Pertama dan Kedua
Authors: Rafi Faiq Ahmad , Zulhamidah Yenni , Widayanti Etty
Published: August 2019

The prevalence of obesity and overweight increase in this recent decades, and leading to a decrease in quality of life and various health problems. Some studies found that the sedentary behavior is correlated with obesity and overweight. However, sedentary behavior is as an indicator of high fat mass in several studies. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between sedentary behavior and body mass index to medical students of YARSI University in first and second year of their education. The research design used correlation study with the Cross Sectional approach, and a questionnaire instrument to determine sedentary behaviour of respondents in daily activities. Body mass index was classified into four categories. Data was analyzed using Pearson Chi Square tests. The results of this study showed significantly between sedentary behavior in daily activities and the body mass index
Isolation and Characterization of the PISTILLATA Ortholog Gene from Cymbidium faberi Rolfe
Authors: Fei Yue , Liu Zhi-Xiong
Published: August 2019

Cymbidium faberi Rolfe is a very popular potted plant in China, Japan and Korea where it has been cultivated for centuries. The economic value of this popular native Asian orchid could be enhanced by changes in its floral traits. In Arabidopsis, PISTILLATA (PI) is involved in regulating petal and stamen development. In order to investigate the possible role of the PI ortholog involved in floral development, we isolated CyfaPI from C. faberi. Protein alignment and a phylogenetic tree grouped CyfaPI in the PI lineage. CyfaPI transcripts were detected in all floral organs, but were absent in leaves. Moreover, in flowers, the highest expression level of CyfaPI was present in the gynostemium and the lowest level was found in anther caps. In addition, ectopic expression of CyfaPI in Arabidopsis pi-1 mutant rescued petal development, and complement the development of filament-like structure (part of stamen), but failed to complement anther development in the stamen whorl. All these finding suggest that CyfaPI is mainly responsible for perianth and gynostemium development in C. faberi. Our data may help to trace the development of the gynostemium program and evolution in orchids.
Fault Diagnosis of Rolling Bearings in Rail Train Based on Exponential Smoothing Predictive Segmentation and Improved Ensemble Learning Algorithm
Authors: Han Lu , Yu Chongchong , Liu Cuiling , Qin Yong , Cui Shijie
Published: August 2019

The rolling bearing is a key component of the bogie of the rail train. The working environment is complex, and it is easy to cause cracks and other faults. Effective rolling bearing fault diagnosis can provide an important guarantee for the safe operation of the track while improving the resource utilization of the rolling bearing and greatly reducing the cost of operation. Aiming at the problem that the characteristics of the vibration data of the rolling bearing components of the railway train and the vibration mechanism model are difficult to establish, a method for long-term faults diagnosis of the rolling bearing of rail trains based on Exponential Smoothing Predictive Segmentation and Improved Ensemble Learning Algorithm is proposed. Firstly, the sliding time window segmentation algorithm of exponential smoothing is used to segment the rolling bearing vibration data, and then the segmentation points are used to construct the localized features of the data. Finally, an Improved AdaBoost Algorithm (IAA) is proposed to enhance the anti-noise ability. IAA, Back Propagation (BP) neural network, Support Vector Machine (SVM), and AdaBoost are used to classify the same dataset, and the evaluation indexes show that the IAA has the best classification effect. The article selects the raw data of the bearing experiment platform provided by the State Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety of Beijing Jiaotong University and the standard dataset of the American Case Western Reserve University for the experiment. Theoretical analysis and experimental results show the effectiveness and practicability of the proposed method.
DNA-Methylation-Caused Downregulation of miR-30 Contributes to the High Expression of XPO1 and the Aggressive Growth of Tumors in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Azmi Asfar S. , Li Yiwei , Aboukameel Amro , Muqbil Irfana , Philip Philip A. , Mohammad Ramzi M.
Published: August 2019

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is one of the most aggressive cancers, with high mortality in the United States. One of the important signal transduction proteins involved in the regulation of pancreatic cancer’s aggressive progression is the nuclear export protein (XPO1). High expression of XPO1 has been found in pancreatic, lung, breast and other cancers and lymphomas with a poor prognosis of patients with tumors and high proliferative activity of cancer cells. Because XPO1 exports multiple tumor suppressor proteins simultaneously from the nucleus, the inhibition of XPO1 may retain multiple tumor suppressors in the nucleus, resulting in the suppression of cell proliferation and the induction of apoptosis in tumors. In this study, we found that the high expression of XPO1 in pancreatic cancer cells could be, in part, due to the methylation of the miR-30 gene, leading to the low expression level of the miR-30 family. By co-transfection of the XPO1 3′-UTR-Luc target vector with miR-30 mimic, we found that XPO1 is a direct target of the miR-30 family. We also observed that the enforced expression of the miR-30 family inhibited the expression of XPO1, resulting in the suppression of pancreatic cancer growth both in vitro and in vivo. These findings could help to design a novel therapeutic strategy for the treatment of pancreatic cancer by introducing miR-30 into cancer cells.
How to Comply with the Paris Agreement Temperature Goal: Global Carbon Pricing According to Carbon Budgets
Authors: Zapf Martin , Pengg Hermann , Weindl Christian
Published: August 2019

Avoiding irreversible climate change as effectively as possible is one of the most pressing challenges of society. Carbon pricing that is uniformly valid on a global and cross-sectoral basis represents a cost-efficient policy tool to meet this challenge. Carbon pricing allows external costs to be allocated or internalized on a polluter-pays principle. It is shown that a global emissions cap-and-trade system is the most suitable market-based instrument for reducing global emissions levels, in line with the temperature goal set by the Paris Agreement. A proposal for its design is presented in this paper. This instrument encourages worldwide measures, with the lowest marginal abatement cost, according to a pre-defined reduction path. Thereby, it ensures compliance with a specified remaining carbon budget to meet a certain temperature limit in a cost-efficient manner. Possible reduction paths are presented in this paper. Weaknesses in the design of existing emissions trading systems (ETS), such as the EU ETS, are identified and avoided in the proposed instrument. The framework solves several problems of today’s climate change policies, like the free rider problem, carbon leakage, rebound effects or the green paradox. The introduction of a global uniform carbon pricing instrument and its concrete design should be the subject of policy, especially at the United Nations climate change conferences, as soon as possible in order to allow for rapid implementation. If a global ETS with a uniform carbon price could be introduced, additional governmental regulations with regard to carbon emissions would become obsolete.
Smart Load Management with Energy Storage for Power Quality Enhancement in Wind-Powered Oil and Gas Applications
Authors: Alves Erick , Sanchez Santiago , Brandao Danilo , Tedeschi Elisabetta
Published: August 2019

This paper investigates power quality issues in a wind-powered offshore oil and gas platform operating in island mode. Topics of interest are the negative effects that load and wind power variability have on the electrical system frequency and voltage; and how those influence the gas turbine operation. The authors discuss how smart load management together with energy storage can mitigate those effects, and propose a control algorithm for that. Simulations in MATLAB/Simulink demonstrate that the proposed energy storage controller reduces frequency and voltage variations in a case study. Moreover, the paper presents a methodology to derive a simplified model of the hybrid energy system that reduces simulation time in at least two orders of magnitude. The latter can be a useful tool for optimization algorithms evaluating a huge number of scenarios, especially those dealing with economical dispatch of generators or sizing of energy storage systems.
Control Strategy of Mode Transition with Engine Start in a Plug-in Hybrid Electric Bus
Authors: Yang Ye , Zhang Youtong , Zhang Si , Tian Jingyi , Hu Shaoyi
Published: August 2019

Torque coordinated control of the relevant power sources has an important impact on the vehicle dynamics and driving performance during the mode transition of the hybrid electric vehicles(HEVs). Considering the dynamic impact problem caused by mode transition, this paper, based upon the structural features of axially paralleled hybrid power system, introduces the bumpless mode switching control theory to analyze multi-mode transition. Firstly, the state transition process is abstracted as the state space transition problem of hybrid system. Secondly, the mode transition is divided into four sub-states, and the state model of each sub-state is established. Thirdly, taking the cost functions as the optimization objective, the state switching process is solved, and the control vectors of each switching process are obtained. Simulation and experimental results show that the proposed control strategy can effectively suppress torque fluctuation, avoid longitudinal acceleration impact, and improve driving performance.
Discrete Sliding Mode Control Strategy for Start-Up and Steady-State of Boost Converter
Authors: Yang Tao , Liao Yong
Published: August 2019

Since the zero initial conditions of the boost converter are far from the target equilibrium point, the overshoot of the input current and the output voltage will cause energy loss during the start-up process when the converter adopts the commonly used small-signal model design control method. This paper presents a sliding mode control strategy that combines two switching surfaces. One switching surface based on the large-signal model is employed for the start-up to minimize inrush current and voltage overshoot. The stability of this strategy is verified by Lyapunov theory and simulation. Once the converter reaches the steady-state, the other switching surface with PI compensation of voltage error is employed to improve the robustness. The latter switching surface, which is adopted to regulate the voltage, can not only suppress the perturbation of input voltage and load, but also achieve a better dynamic process and a zero steady-state error. Furthermore, the discrete sliding mode controller is implemented by digital signal processor (DSP). Finally, the results of simulation, experiment and theoretical analysis are consistent.
Bayesian Approach for Predicting Soil-Water Characteristic Curve from Particle-Size Distribution Data
Authors: Wang Lin , Zhang Wengang , Chen Fuyong
Published: August 2019

Soil-water characteristic curve (SWCC) is a significant prerequisite for slope stability analysis involving unsaturated soils. However, it is difficult to measure an entire SWCC over a wide suction range using in-situ or laboratory tests. As an alternative, the Arya and Paris (AP) model provides a feasible way to predict SWCC from the routinely available particle-size distribution (PSD) data by introducing a scaling parameter. The accuracy of AP model is generally dependent on the calibrated database which contains test data collected from other sites. How to use the available test data to determine the scaling parameter and to predict the SWCC remains an unresolved problem. This paper develops a Bayesian approach to predict SWCC from PSD. The proposed approach not only determines the scaling parameter, but also identifies fitting parameters of the parametric SWCC model. Finally, the proposed approach is illustrated using real data in Unsaturated Soil Database (UNSODA). Results show that the proposed approach provides a proper prediction of SWCC by making use of the available test data. Additionally, the proposed approach is capable of predicting SWCC in the high suction range, allowing engineers to obtain a complete SWCC in practice with reasonable accuracy.
Application of an Improved Model for Accident Analysis: A Case Study
Authors: Wang Jianhao , Yan Mingwei
Published: August 2019

An improved accident causation model which demonstrates the relationships among different causal factors was proposed in this study. It provides a pathway for accident analysis from the individual level to the organizational level. Unsafe acts and conditions determined by individuals’ poor safety knowledge, low safety awareness, bad safety habits, etc. are the immediate causes of an accident. Deficiencies in safety management systems and safety culture remain the root causes, which can cause consequences at the individual level. Moreover, the weaknesses of an organization’s safety culture can have a great impact on the formation of a good safety climate and can further lead to poor decision-making and implementation of procedures in the safety management system. In order to contribute to a better perception and understanding of the accident causation model, one typical case in the process industry, the oil leak and explosion of the Sinopec Donghuang pipelines, was selected for this study. The causality from immediate causes to root causes is demonstrated in sequence and can be shown in this model explicitly and logically. Several important lessons are summarized from the results and targeted measures can be taken to avoid similar mistakes in the future. This model provides a clear and resourceful method for the safety and risk practitioner’s toolkit in accident investigation and analysis, and the organization can use it as a tool to conduct staff trainings and thus to keep accidents under control.
Physical Activity as a Regulatory Variable between Adolescents’ Motivational Processes and Satisfaction with Life
Authors: Vaquero Solís Mikel , Sánchez-Miguel Pedro Antonio , Tapia Serrano Miguel Ángel , Pulido Juan J. , Iglesias Gallego Damián
Published: August 2019

Framed within Self-Determination Theory, the objective of this study was to analyze the relationship between satisfaction and frustration of basic psychological needs, levels of motivation, physical activity, and satisfaction with life. Methods: A total of 487 students participated, comprising males (n = 262) and females (n = 225), aged between 14 and 16 years (M = 15.02; SD = 0.87), from different secondary schools. Results: A regression analysis was carried out (structural equation modeling) that revealed the existence of two theoretical lines, one positive and the other negative, where the satisfaction of basic psychological needs was positively related to autonomous motivation and physical activity, which predicted satisfaction with life. On the other hand, the frustration of basic psychological needs was positively related to controlled motivation, whereas controlled motivation (introjected regulation and extrinsic regulation) was inversely associated with physical activity and satisfaction with life. Conclusion: The results show the importance of motivational processes in physical activity, and the effects of physical activity on satisfaction with life in adolescents who spend more time engaged in physical activity.
JA-Induced Endocytosis of AtRGS1 Is Involved in G-Protein Mediated JA Responses
Authors: Li Li , Su Bodan , Qi Xueying , Zhang Xi , Song Susheng , Shan Xiaoyi
Published: August 2019

Arabidopsis heterotrimeric G proteins regulate diverse plant growth and defense processes by coupling to 7TM AtRGS1 proteins. Although G protein mutants display alterations in response to multiple plant hormones, the underlying mechanism by which G proteins participate in the regulation of hormone responses remains elusive. Here, we show that genetic disruption of Gα and Gβ subunits results in reduced sensitivity to JA treatment. Furthermore, using confocal microscopy, VA-TIRFM, and FRET-FLIM, we provide evidence that stimulation by JA induces phosphorylation- and C-terminus-dependent endocytosis of AtRGS1, which then promotes dissociation of AtRGS1 from AtGPA1. In addition, SPT analysis reveals that JA treatment affects the diffusion dynamics of AtRGS1 and AtRGS1-ΔCt. Taken together, these findings suggest that the JA signal activates heterotrimeric G proteins through the endocytosis of AtRGS1 and dissociation of AtRGS1 from AtGPA1, thus providing valuable insight into the mechanisms of how the G protein system perceives and transduces phytohormone signals.
Study of the Mechanism Underlying the Onset of Diabetic Xeroderma Focusing on an Aquaporin-3 in a Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Mouse Model
Authors: Ikarashi Nobutomo , Mizukami Nanaho , Kon Risako , Kaneko Miho , Uchino Ryogo , Fujisawa Izumi , Fukuda Natsuko , Sakai Hiroyasu , Kamei Junzo
Published: August 2019

Xeroderma is a frequent complication in diabetic patients. In this study, we investigated the mechanism underlying the onset of diabetic xeroderma, focusing on aquaporin-3 (AQP3), which plays an important role in water transport in the skin. Dermal water content in diabetic mice was significantly lower than that in control mice. The expression level of AQP3 in the skin was significantly lower in diabetic mice than in control mice. One week after streptozotocin (STZ) treatment, despite their increased blood glucose levels, mice showed no changes in the expression levels of AQP3, Bmal1, Clock, and D site-binding protein (Dbp) in the skin and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) in the urine. In contrast, two weeks after STZ treatment, mice showed increases in the blood glucose level, decreases in AQP3, Bmal1, Clock, and Dbp levels, and increases in the urinary levels of 8-OHdG. The results of this study suggest that skin AQP3 expression decreases in diabetes, which may limit water transport from the vessel side to the corneum side, causing dry skin. In addition, in diabetic mice, increased oxidative stress triggered decreases in the expression levels of Bmal1 and Clock in the skin, thereby inhibiting the transcription of Aqp3 by Dbp, which resulted in decreased AQP3 expression.
A Cerato-Platanin Family Protein FocCP1 Is Essential for the Penetration and Virulence of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense Tropical Race 4
Authors: Liu Siwen , Wu Bo , Yang Jing , Bi Fangcheng , Dong Tao , Yang Qiaosong , Hu Chunhua , Xiang Dandan , Chen Hongrui , Huang Huoqing , Shao Chuange , Chen Yixiang , Yi Ganjun , Li Chunyu , Guo Xiuwu
Published: August 2019

Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense tropical race 4 (Foc TR4) is well-known as the causal agent of Fusarium wilt of banana and is one of the most destructive phytopathogens for banana plants. The molecular mechanisms underlying Foc TR4 virulence remain elusive. Here, we demonstrate that a cerato-platanin (CP) protein, FocCP1, functions as a virulence factor that is required by Foc TR4 for penetration and full virulence. The FocCP1 gene was expressed in every condition studied, showing a high transcript level in planta at the early stage of infection. Infiltration of the recombinant FocCP1 protein induced significant cell death and upregulated defence-related gene expression. FocCP1 knock-out strains showed a significant decrease in aerial growth rather than aqueous growth, which is reminiscent of hydrophobins. Furthermore, deletion of FocCP1 significantly reduced virulence and dramatically reduced infective growth in banana roots, likely resulting from a defective penetration ability. Taken together, the results of this study provide novel insight into the function of the recently identified FocCP1 as a virulence factor in Foc TR4.
Intergeneric Relationships within the Family Salicaceae s.l. Based on Plastid Phylogenomics
Authors: Li Meng-Meng , Wang De-Yan , Zhang Lei , Kang Ming-Hui , Lu Zhi-Qiang , Zhu Ren-Bin , Mao Xing-Xing , Xi Zhen-Xiang , Ma Tao
Published: August 2019

Many Salicaceae s.l. plants are recognized for their important role in the production of products such as wood, oils, and medicines, and as a model organism in life studies. However, the difference in plastid sequence, phylogenetic relationships, and lineage diversification of the family Salicaceae s.l. remain poorly understood. In this study, we compare 24 species representing 18 genera of the family. Simple sequence repeats (SSRs) are considered effective molecular markers for plant species identification and population genetics. Among them, a total of 1798 SSRs were identified, among which mononucleotide repeat was the most common with 1455 accounts representing 80.92% of the total. Most of the SSRs are located in the non-coding region. We also identified five other types of repeats, including 1750 tandems, 434 forward, 407 palindromic, 86 reverse, and 30 complementary repeats. The species in Salicaceae s.l. have a conserved plastid genome. Each plastome presented a typical quadripartite structure and varied in size due to the expansion and contraction of the inverted repeat (IR) boundary, lacking major structural variations, but we identified six divergence hotspot regions. We obtained phylogenetic relationships of 18 genera in Salicaceae s.l. and the 24 species formed a highly supported lineage. Casearia was identified as the basal clade. The divergence time between Salicaceae s.l. and the outgroup was estimated as ~93 Mya; Salix, and Populus diverged around 34 Mya, consistent with the previously reported time. Our research will contribute to a better understanding of the phylogenetic relationships among the members of the Salicaceae s.l.
Efficacy of ARV-1502, a Proline-Rich Antimicrobial Peptide, in a Murine Model of Bacteremia Caused by Multi-Drug Resistant (MDR) Acinetobacter baumannii
Authors: Xiong Yan Q. , Li Liang , Zhou Yufeng , Kraus Carl N.
Published: August 2019

Acinetobacter baumannii bacteremia represents a serious and increasing clinical problem due to the high mortality and treatment failures because of high rates of antibiotic resistance. Any additional new therapies for A. baumannii bacteremia would address a growing unmet medical need. ARV-1502 (designated as Chex1-Arg20 or A3-APO monomer in prior publications) is a designer proline-rich antimicrobial peptide chaperone protein inhibitor derived from insects and has demonstrated potent activity against multi-drug resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacteria. In the current studies, we investigated the therapeutic efficacy of ARV-1502 administered intravenously (iv) alone and in combination with imipenem/cilastatin (IPM/CIL) in a mouse bacteremia model due to a MDR clinical A. baumannii strain, HUMC1. All ARV-1502 regimens (1.25, 2.5 and 5.0 mg/kg) significantly reduced bacterial density in the target tissues in a dose-dependent manner, as compared to the untreated control and IPM/CIL monotherapy (40 mg/kg) groups in the model. In addition, ARV-1502 treatment, even at the lowest dose, significantly improved survival vs. the control and IPM alone groups. As expected, IMP/CIL monotherapy had no therapeutic efficacy in the model, since the HUMC1 strain was resistant to IMP in vitro. However, the combination of ARV-1502 and IPM/CIL significantly enhanced the efficacy of ARV-1502, except the lowest dose of ARV-1502. The superior efficacy of ARV-1502 in the bacteremia model caused by MDR A. baumannii provides further support for studying this compound in severe infections caused by other MDR Gram-positive and -negative pathogens.
Effect of Preheating Treatment before Defatting on the Flavor Quality of Skim Milk
Authors: Tong Lingjun , Yi Huaxi , Wang Jing , Pan Minghui , Chi Xuelu , Hao Haining , Ai Nasi
Published: August 2019

Skim milk has a poor flavor due to the lack of fat. Finding ways to improve the flavor quality of skim milk has attracted the attention of more and more researchers. The purpose of this study was to create a skim milk product with good flavor by processing. Briefly, raw milk was treated by preheating at pasteurization (85 °C, 15 s) and ultra-high temperature (UHT) instantaneous sterilization (137–141 °C, 4 s). Subsequently, the sample was centrifuged to remove fat and obtain two kinds of skim milk, namely, PSM (skim milk obtained by preheating at 85 °C, 15 s) and USM (skim milk obtained by preheating at 137–141 °C, 4 s). The results showed that the intensity of the main sensory attributes (overall liking, milk aroma, etc.) and the concentrations of the key flavor compounds (2-heptanone, 2-nonanone, decanal, hexanoic acid, etc.) were significantly higher in the USM (p < 0.05) than that of the PSM and RSM (skim milk without preheating). Principal component analysis (PCA) with E-Nose (electronic nose) showed that the RSM had significant differences in the milk aroma compared with the PSM and USM. Furthermore, it was found that there were good relationships between volatile compounds and sensory attributes by partial least squares regression (PLSR) analysis. These findings provided insights into improving the flavor quality of skim milk by preheating treatment instead of any flavor additives.
The Effects of Beetroot Juice on Blood Pressure, Microvascular Function and Large-Vessel Endothelial Function: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Pilot Study in Healthy Older Adults
Authors: Jones Tomos , Dunn Emily Louise , Macdonald Jamie Hugo , Kubis Hans-Peter , McMahon Nicholas , Sandoo Aamer
Published: August 2019

Dietary nitrate (NO3−) has been reported to improve endothelial function (EF) and blood pressure (BP). However, most studies only assess large-vessel EF with little research on the microvasculature. Thus, the aim of the present pilot study is to examine NO3− supplementation on microvascular and large-vessel EF and BP. Twenty older adults (63 ± 6 years) were randomized to a beetroot juice (BRJ) or placebo (PLA) group for 28 (±7) days and attended three laboratory visitations. Across visitations, blood pressure, microvascular function and large-vessel EF were assessed by laser Doppler imaging (LDI) with iontophoresis of vasoactive substances and flow-mediated dilatation (FMD), respectively. Plasma NO3−concentrations, BP and the presence of NO3− reducing bacteria were also assessed. Plasma NO3− increased following two weeks of BRJ supplementation (p = 0.04) along with a concomitant decrease in systolic and diastolic BP of approximately −6 mmHg and −4 mmHg, respectively (p = 0.04; p = 0.01, respectively). BP remained unchanged in the PLA group. There were no significant differences in endothelium-dependent or endothelium-independent microvascular responses between groups. FMD increased by 1.5% following two weeks of BRJ (p = 0.04), with only a minimal (0.1%) change for the PLA group. In conclusion, this pilot study demonstrated that medium-term BRJ ingestion potentially improves SBP, DBP and large-vessel EF in healthy older adults. The improvements observed in the present study are likely to be greater in populations presenting with endothelial dysfunction. Thus, further prospective studies are warranted in individuals at greater risk for cardiovascular disease.
Alginate/Chitosan Particle-Based Drug Delivery Systems for Pulmonary Applications
Authors: Hill Marcus , Twigg Matthew , Sheridan Emer A. , Hardy John G. , Elborn J. Stuart , Taggart Clifford C. , Scott Christopher J. , Migaud Marie E.
Published: August 2019

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a complex, potentially life-threatening disease that is most effectively treated through the administration of antibiotics (e.g., colistimethate sodium). Chronic infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most significant events in the pathogenesis of cystic fibrosis, and tobramycin is the treatment of choice for those patients with chronic P. aeruginosa infection who are deteriorating despite regular administration of colistimethate sodium. Effective treatment can be challenging due to the accumulation of thickened mucus in the pulmonary environment, and here we describe the results of our investigation into the development of alginate/chitosan particles prepared via precipitation for such environments. Tobramycin loading and release from the alginate/chitosan particles was investigated, with evidence of both uptake and release of sufficient tobramycin to inhibit P. aeruginosa in vitro. Functionalisation of the alginate/chitosan particles with secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI) was shown to help inhibit the inflammatory response associated with lung infections (via inhibition of neutrophil elastase activity) and enhance their interaction with cystic fibrosis mucus (assayed via reduction of the depth of particle penetration into the mucus) in vitro, which have prospects to enhance their efficacy in vivo.
Physico-Chemical and Biological Evaluation of PLCL/SF Nanofibers Loaded with Oregano Essential Oil
Authors: Khan Atta ur Rehman , Nadeem Muhammad , Bhutto M. Aqeel , Yu Fan , Xie Xianrui , El-Hamshary Hany , El-Faham Ayman , Ibrahim Usama A. , Mo Xiumei
Published: August 2019

Essential oils are complex volatile compounds, extracted from specific plant species, with promising therapeutic potentials. However, their volatile nature presents a major hindrance in using them as therapeutic agents. In the current study, we successfully encapsulated oregano essential oil (OEO) into Poly (l-lactic acid-co-e-caprolactone) /Silk Fibroin (PLCL/SF) polymers through electrospinning. The nanofibrous membrane (NF) was fabricated and characterized for various physico-chemical and biological attributions. Homogenous and bead free morphology was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) confirmed the successful loading of OEO and its physical interaction with the blend of PLCL/SF. Moreover, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) also confirmed the successful loading and thermostability of the OEO. Although a significant change was noted in tensile strength due to the loading of OEO, the mechanical behaviour still falls into the acceptable ranges required for skin tissue engineering. Similarly, fabricated material was evaluated for its biological significance. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) was employed to determine the release behaviour of OEO from electrospun membranes. LC-MS data, noted for 48 h, confirmed the biphasic release of OEO. Furthermore, NF membranes have shown strong antioxidant and anti-tumor activities. This material is promising and can be implanted to avoid the recurrence of the tumor after its surgical removal.