bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Studies on the Suitability of Different Mould Media Compositions for the Mycological Evaluation of Hay Samples
Authors: Sipiczki Bojána
Published: October 2019

t evaluating mould contamination of hay samples in more than the half of the cases Mucor spp. (and Trichoderma spp. in a smaller extent) overgrew slower developing moulds, spoiling the assessment of total mould CFU and the detection of fastidious organisms, among others the toxinogenic Fusaria. In parallel microbiological evaluation of hay samples comparing to the ISO 7954 medium as reference a) the overgrowth inhibiting effect of Rose Bengal (ISO 7954-RB); b) the combined inhibiting effect of Rose Bengal and Dichloran (dichloro-mononitroaniline) in DRBC; c) the inhibition of Dichlorane in ISO 7954 (ISO 7954-DC); d) the lowering of nutrient levels to 1/4 (1/4 N ISO 7954, 1/4 N-DRBC and 1/4 N-DC); e) the inhibiting effect of dinitro – salicylic – acid (DSA), a reducing sugar binding compound, as a potential growth inhibitor (RBC-DSA) were studied. The results showed, that 1) MSZ-ISO 7954 medium codified by the official method was unsuitable for the detemination of mould count and for the detection of toxinogic spp. in hay samples. In half of the cases the overgrowth of Mucor has spoiled CFU enumeration and recognition of toxinogenic moulds; 2) Inhibitor supplemented DRBC medium (King et al., 1979) enabled early CFU enumeration by uniforming colony sizes and by efficient suppression of Mucor, but the pink background colour of the medium was disturbing the observation of tints of conidia, which were characteristical to toxinogenic moulds like Fusaria. The hypha-staining property of Rose Bengal did not prove very important; 3) According to the recent stage of our studies, the ISO 7954-Dichloran combination can be recommended for the mycological evaluation of hays and dried roughages. CFU can be enumerated early, Mucor suppressed in the same extent as with DRBC and colours are easily observable; 4) 2-4-Dinitrosalicylic-acid (DSA) proved unsuitable as inhibitor, for its poor efficiency and for its intense yellow background coulour.
Grain Moisture of Maize Hybrids in Different Maturity Groups at Various Harvesting Dates
Authors: Marton Lajos Csaba , Árendás Tamás , Bónis Péter
Published: October 2019

The experiments were designed to determine the extent to which late harvesting helped to achieve low grain moisture content. The grain moisture contents of 24 hybrids from each of four different maturity groups were recorded during the last decade of September and the first decade of November over a period of three years (1999-2001).The data indicated that late harvesting led to a substantially smaller difference between the hybrids. While in late September the difference between the grain moisture content of the earliest (FAO 200) and latest (FAO 500) hybrids was 8.9%, this value dropped to 1.5% over the average of three years when measurements were made in early November. With the exception of the earliest group, the grain moisture content in all the maturity groups declined during October. The later the hybrid, the greater the decline.This change in the grain moisture content during October exhibited a considerable year effect. When the weather in October was warm, with little rain, the decrease was greater, while in cool, wet years the grain moisture content declined to a lesser extent, or in some cases even increased.
Changes in Managerial Functions in Agriculture
Authors: Berde Csaba
Published: October 2019

Managerial activity is a process constituted by well separable functions, tasks. The functions and the content of managerial activity are influenced by several factors.This multi-sided affectedness focused our attention on the analysis of management tasks. We aimed to formulate responses for the questions how and to what extent the activities and tasks of organizations define the tasks and functions at the given organization. On the basis of interview surveys, we analyzed the following managerial tasks: functions concerning information, communication, planning, decision-making, organization, control. The interviewed had to rank the factors influencing management tasks on a scale ranging from one to five. On the basis of the activities and tasks of organizations, we defined three types. The scope of this study does not allow us to publish all the results related to the above-mentioned managerial functions, so we can only present some, which are of interest.Our findings suggest that the realization of certain management functions is influenced by several factors. Without striving for completeness, we could only evaluate 9-11 factors per function. The evaluation of information sources is considerably differentiated in terms of the activities, tasks of organizations. In the assessment of plans, the potentials for realization and repetition were judged differently, whereas non-organization changes and individual planning similarly. The findings of impact factors in decision making are largely different, as well in terms of organizational activities, but all the interviewed ranked the interests of the organization high. Analysis on control indicated that managers attributed higher importance to issues of content than to methodological ones.Our investigations follow Fayol’s classical groups based on managerial tasks. We studied the following five tasks in the process of management: information tasks, planning, decision-making, instructions and control. We performed our studies with the inclusion of agricultural organization managers, with questionnaire surveys. The interviewed were asked to qualify the impact factors on the five investigated management tasks on a scale ranging from 1-5. We identified the following company groups: small company, medium company and large company.We performed our analysis on the basis of company sizes as well, seeking to formulate responses on how size influences the qualification of the investigated factors.Our findings suggest that the interviewed company managers attribute higher than average roles to the tasks of the management process. The qualification, ranking of management tasks are considerably influenced by company sizes. Relationships and venues are important in the implementation of information tasks, whereas the viability of plans is essential in the process of planning. Usefulness and company interests are highlighted in decision-making. In the case of instructions and decision-making, we stressed the significance of content elements as opposed to formal ones.
As Possibilidades Investigativas das Narrativas Históricas Visuais nas Pesquisas da Educação Histórica no Mato Grosso
Authors: Fronza Marcelo
Published: October 2019

Neste artigo busca-se diagnosticar as investigações dos professores historiadores do Grupo Pesquisador Educação Histórica: consciência histórica e narrativas visuais (GPEDUH/UFMT),que, a partir das narrativas históricas audiovisuais, tais como as histórias em quadrinhos, os games, os filmes e sites da internet como, por exemplo, o YouTube, pesquisam a consciência histórica dos jovens estudantes da Educação Básica mato-grossense. Isso leva à pressuposição de que as narrativasvisuais, como o cinema, as histórias em quadrinhos, a internet e os games e jogos com temas históricos são formas de narrar que podem expressar e desenvolver a consciência histórica desses jovens alunos da Educação Básica a partir das dimensões estética, cognitiva, política dos artefatos da cultura histórica de sua comunidade (RÜSEN, 2009). A investigação dessas narrativas históricas visuais possibilita a explicitação da competência de geração de sentido de orientação no tempo dos jovens que percebem, interpretam e se orientam no fluxo temporal entre o passado, o presente e as expectativas de futuro (RÜSEN, 2015a). Essas narrativas possibilitam que esses professores historiadores construam investigações que inventariem as ideias históricas dos jovens e seus posicionamentos políticos, estéticos, cognitivos e éticos perante os desafios que enfrentam em sua práxis vital.Palavras-chave: Educação Histórica. Narrativas históricas visuais. Aprendizagem histórica dos jovens estudantes.
O MST como Sujeito Pedagógico e a Escola do Trabalho: uma abordagem a partir dos boletins da educação
Authors: Silva Jaqueline Ariane Pereira da , Costa Miguel Ângelo Silva da
Published: October 2019

Dedicado à análise histórica dos processos educativos do Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem Terra (MST) e ancorado nos Boletins da Educação, publicação seriada produzida pelo Setor de Educação do Movimento, o artigo analisa os fundamentos da proposta educativa sem-terra no cenário em que o MST é entendido enquanto sujeito pedagógico e a escola é pautada na lógica do trabalho (1992-1995). Partindo da dimensão temporal de produção dos Boletins da Educação, o artigo ancora-se metodologicamentena pesquisa histórica em educação de caráter documental/ bibliográfico. Teoricamente, busca ressonância na perspectiva teórica de E. P. Thompson, historiador inglês que expressou reação aos determinismos teóricos que negligenciaram o protagonismo social, econômico e político dos sujeitos na sociedade. Trata-se, portanto, de um trabalho que, concentrado na “história vista debaixo” ou na “história da gente comum”, procura revelar a dinâmica dos processos educativos do MST sem perder de vista o protagonismo dos sujeitos – coletivos/ individuais – não raras vezes deixados de lado na tessitura da história da educação brasileira, ou melhor dito, negligenciadospela história educacional oficialmente contada.
Conhecimento sobre Mudança Climática nos Livros Didáticos do Ensino Médio - PNLD/2015
Authors: Liotti Luciane Cortiano , Pazos Araceli Serantes
Published: October 2019

Tendo em vista os debates sobre as questões climáticas globais, este artigo resulta de uma investigação inicial a partir da aplicação de questionário investigativo para um coletivo de professores em que procuramos saber quais elementos são considerados na escolha dos Livros Didáticos do Ensino Médio incluídos no Programa Nacional do Livro Didático – PNLD/2015. Mais especificamente, investigamos se esses professores identificam conteúdos sobre o tema Mudança Climática e os consideram relevantes para esta escolha. Como pressuposto, destacamos o papel do livro didático na cultura escolar buscando dimensionar como certos conteúdos podem contribuir na construção de conhecimentos científicos sobre Mudança Climática. Apoiamos essa investigação nas indicações de Apple (2001) e Bittencourt (1998), que apontam o livro didático como um instrumento pedagógico,uma vez que apresenta não somente os conteúdos de ensino, mas tambémo modo pelo qual estes devem ser ensinados, estabelecendo em grande parte as condições materiais para o ensino-aprendizagem nas salas de aula. Neste estudo, os resultados evidenciam que os professores participantes reconhecem conteúdos relacionados com o tema Mudança Climática, mas não se identificam momentos em que este seja objeto efetivo para análise, discussão e seleção dos livros didáticos.
Los zarcillos que sostienen la producción de uva de mesa en Sonora. Testimonios orales de líderes
Authors: Bañuelos Flores Nohemi , Robles Parra Jesús Martín , Aranda Figueroa Angela Natalia
Published: October 2019

La responsabilidad social es un reto que todas las empresas tienen que enfrentar para permanecer de acuerdo a las nuevas exigencias del mercado. En Sonora, la uva de mesa ha sido un tema estudiado. Sin embargo, son escasos los trabajos que se han dedicado a conocer a un grupo nodal, los líderes, utilizando sus propias voces. El propósito fundamental de este artículo es dar a conocer cuáles son algunas de estas formas de adaptación. El procedimiento metodológico se sustentó en la aplicación de dos instrumentos: entrevistas semiestructuradas y observación directa a 12 líderes. Los resultados revelan un cambio generacional que recién se está gestando. Los líderes jóvenes –todos hombres- están jugando un rol central.
La Política Nacional de Seguridad Alimentaria y Nutricional (PNSAN) de Brasil y su implementación en los pueblos indígenas
Authors: Gallardo Gacia Enrique David , Lopez Salazar Ricardo
Published: October 2019

Este artículo, tiene como objetivo analizar La Política Nacional de Seguridad Alimentaria y Nutricional (PNSAN) brasileña, y su implementación hacia los pueblos indígenas. Para ello, se realiza una descripción socio demográfica de los pueblos indígenas de Brasil para tener un panorama general de las características de esta población. Asimismo, se analiza el marco jurídico, la estructura, los componentes y las acciones concretas de la PNSAN. Los hallazgos, indican que, en el caso de los pueblos indígenas, a pesar de que hay un importante avance al incluir la participación de estos en los procesos de la política, aún quedan diversos pendientes para alcanzar una adecuación plena. En términos más amplios, la diversidad étnica reconocida en la PNSAN, debe incluir una cuantificación adecuada de los diversos grupos vulnerables que componen la sociedad brasileña, así como el diseño de una política que resuelva los conflictos en la repartición de la tierra que contribuya a estimular la producción de alimentos en comunidades indígenas.
El poema y el palacio
Authors: Scavuzzo Giuseppina
Published: October 2019

Este artículo propone una lectura en paralelo de dos obras de Le Corbusier, el Poéme de l’Angle Droit, obra poética y figurativa, y el Palacio del Gobernador en Chandigarh, proyecto arquitectónico no realizado, evidenciando una serie de similitudes compositivas específicas. Más allá de las coincidencias y similitudes formales, las dos obras parecen revelar fundamentalmente la misma estrategia poética: es esta poética enigmática e icónica, que también caracteriza a las pinturas de Le Corbusier después de la Segunda Guerra Mundial, la que remite a una iconografía simbólica personal. Su arquitectura, de machine à habiter parece pasar a ser más bien máquina simbólica: un dispositivo funcional para el habitar, de acuerdo con los datos geográficos y climáticos, coherente desde el punto de vista técnico-constructivo, pero cuya aspiración es construir relaciones entre formas, figuras y significados, haciendo de la expresión de un pensamiento poético una interpretación de los valores colectivos.
THE INFLUENCE OF CUSTOMER SATISFACTION, BRAND TRUST, AND BRAND IMAGE TOWARDS CUSTOMER LOYALTY
Authors: Azizan Nurul Sakinah , Yusr Maha Mohammed
Published: October 2019

Customer loyalty always becomes an important concern in the business organization. The main purpose of this study is to examine the influence of customer satisfaction, brand trust and brand image towards customer loyalty. This study focused on the branded computer product industry. The main problem in the industry is high competitiveness. It makes it hard for the manufacturer to obtain customer loyalty because of market competitiveness. Literature review regarding the computer industry in Malaysia and all items in independent and dependent variables has been discussed in order to provide a better understanding regarding past, present, and future needs in the study area. The in-depth review of literature has led to the establishment of a research framework focused on examining the influence of customer satisfaction, brand trust and brand image towards customer loyalty. In this regard, an online survey using Google forms was conducted among post-graduate students under the School of Business Management, Universiti Utara Malaysia. There are 269 students who participated in the survey. The data collected through Google forms consist of six parts were analyzed using SPSS. The results showed that customer satisfaction, brand trust, and brand image have a positive and significant influence on customer loyalty. In conclusion, the discussion, and explanation on limitation, theoretical and practical implications, limitations, direction for future research. This study proved that long term success and sustainable reputation of branded computer product companies depended on customer loyalty. The study recommends fulfilling customer expectations is the main priority to retain and enhance customer loyalty.
THE ROLE OF PERCEIVED BENEFITS IN FORMATION OF INTENTION TO USE ISLAMIC CROWDFUNDING PLATFORM AMONG SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES IN MALAYSIA
Authors: Md Husin Maizaitulaidawati , Haron Razali , Aziz Shahab
Published: October 2019

Crowdfunding has become a global phenomenon due to its possible role in providing equity funding to small and medium enterprises. Numerous benefits of crowdfunding have been identified. This paper investigated whether three factors - economic benefit, convenience and transaction process are important in influencing the perceived benefits of Islamic crowdfunding platforms and whether perceived benefits affect small and medium enterprises’ (SMEs) intention to use the platform. Self-administered questionnaires and structured online surveys were distributed to SMEs in Selangor, Malaysia using the purposive sampling technique. SmartPLS was used to analyze the data. This paper found that economic benefit has a positive and significant relationship with perceived benefits, and the transaction process has a negative and significant relationship with perceived benefits, while convenience was found to have an insignificant relationship with perceived benefits. This paper also found that perceived benefits were found to have a significant relationship with intention. The significance and contribution of this paper were also discussed.
MUSHROOM TEA PRODUCTION TRAINING PACKAGE IN CAPACITY BUILDING PROGRAM TO INCREASE SMALL MEDIUM INDUSTRY (SME) ENTREPRENEURS IN RURAL AREA
Authors: Mohd. Yusof Seri Chempaka , Mohamad Azhar , Ismail Normazlin , Haris Mohd. Fauzi , Haron Ruzaimi , Mohd. Zain Rasif , Abdul Nasir Mohd. Hafiz
Published: October 2019

Volvariella tea is an innovative beverage of Malaysian Nuclear Agency that produced using Volvariella volvacea mushrooms with the unique taste, aroma and has certain properties for health. This tea can be taken by everyone regardless of age and can be added to other beverages as a source of nutrients, vitamins, and others to improve health. Currently, there have been efforts to grow mushrooms including Volvariella volvacea mushrooms based on the demand for diversity in dishes and awareness of the nutrients by taking mushrooms in daily meals. These mushrooms have a short shelf life after harvesting time and need to be sold in fresh state and cannot be stored in the chiller for a longer time. Due to the vast volume of mushrooms obtained after harvest time, new products such as Volvariella tea is needed to be produced from these mushrooms to avoid any loss because of rotten mushrooms. Malaysian Nuclear Agency has collaborated with Malaysian Innovation Foundation (Yayasan Inovasi Malaysia) and PUSPANITA Nuclear Malaysia (The Association of Wives and Women Civil Servants Malaysia – Malaysian Nuclear Agency) to carry out the project - MSI 17110: Mushroom Tea Production Training Package in Capacity Building Program to Increase Small Medium Industry (SME) Entrepreneurs in Rural Area using MOSTI Social Innovation Fund (MSI). This project was carried out for 6 months in 2018 by transferring the production technology of Volvariella Tea to the community in the village of Rembang Panas, Juasseh, Kuala Pilah, Negeri Sembilan. A total of 25 participants consisted of farmers and rubber tappers were attended series of training on Volvariella volvacea mushrooms cultivation using selected strain seedling produced by Malaysian Nuclear Agency, intensive practical training on production of Volvariella tea and online marketing. Volvariella tea was processed via the drying technique, packed in individual sachet and irradiated for the decontamination process. The participants have managed to set up a company named as Syarikat Rembang Panas Jaya Outlet to carry out the production of Volvariella Tea, other downstream products and conducted the business of the Volvariella Tea products. A total of 125 people has benefited as the impact of the project. With these efforts, the product introduced can be used by the community to generate additional income by mass-producing and selling activities through online marketing.
KEPUASAN KERJA DAN EFIKASI GURU TINGKATAN ENAM DI PANTAI BARAT SABAH
Authors: Ling Lin , Nazarudin Mohamad Nizam , Noordin Zakiah
Published: October 2019

Kajian ini bertujuan bagi menentukan hubungan dan pengaruh kepuasan kerja terhadap efikasi guru-guru tingkatan enam di Pantai Barat Sabah. Kajian kuantitatif ini adalah bagi turut meninjau interaksi antara dimensi-dimensi dalam kepuasan kerja dan efikasi guru. Instrumen yang terlibat dalam kajian ini adalah Job Satisfaction Survey (JSS) dan Teachers’s Sense of Efficacy Scale (TSES) bagi mengumpul data daripada 180 responden daripada 16 buah pusat tingkatan enam di tiga daeah di Pantai Barat Sabah. Persampelan rawak berlapis bertujuan digunakan dalam pemilihan responden dalam kalangan guru akademik tingkatan enam berdasarkan mod. Data dianalisis menggunakan ANOVA satu hala, korelasi Pearson dan regresi berganda. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan tidak terdapat perbezaan yang signifikan kepuasan kerja dan efikasi guru dalam ketiga-ketiga mod pusat tingkatan enam. Analisis korelasi Pearson mendapati terdapat hubungan yang kuat antara kepuasan kerja dengan efikasi guru (r =.832**, p < .01). Kepuasan kerja menyumbang sebanyak 85.6 % perubahan varians dalam efikasi guru. Justeru, implikasi kajian terhadap teori dan amalan serta saranan kepada pihak sekolah, pembuat dasar dan cadangan kajian lanjutan dicadangkan dalam kajian ini.
TRENDS AND PROSPECTS FOR DEVELOPMENT OF CREATIVE ECONOMY IN UKRAINE
Authors: Bakulina Nataliia , Sobko Olha
Published: October 2019

In the article, the creative economy is considered in various areas of socio-economic development. The creative economy can be considered first as a motivator that provides attractiveness of the investment climate, the modernization of the spheres of education and science, the development of specific areas of the social sphere, etc. Secondly, as a mechanism for the functioning of the creative economy, as well as for the economy as a whole, as well as a system of appropriate socio-economic relations. The formation of new, higher needs causes the search for more perfect mechanisms for their satisfaction. These needs can be met in a variety of ways. It can be both traditional and well-known ways, and fundamentally new, non-standard, creative technologies.
Judicial examination of objects of railway transport as the independent direction of use of special knowledge, at investigation of the crimes committed on railway transport
Authors: Грибунов Олег , Gribunov Oleg , Малыхина Екатерина , Malyhina Ekaterina
Published: October 2019

The article defines that it is necessary to introduce a new type of forensic expertise of railway transport facilities. The production of this expertise requires special knowledge. You need to know the trasology, chemistry, physics, the features of applying identification marks to the railway parts. Criminals use special knowledge about rail transport for illegal purposes. In the linear police departments, the statistical indicators of crimes in railway transport have increased.

The article considers the significance and specific features of conducting forensic examination of the railway transport.
Personal interest in non-performance of tax agent as motive of crime should be excluded
Authors: Соловьев Иван , Solovev Ivan
Published: October 2019

The article deals with the issues of bringing the heads of legal entities to criminal liability for failure to perform the duties of a tax agent. At the same time, the motive of the crime, which is mandatory and enshrined in the law, is personal interest. The courts assess the content of this concept differently, which leads to different court decisions in this area. The uncertainty of the concept of «personal interest» leads to the violation of human rights and is one of the corruption factors in law enforcement.
Publicity of the property register as a guarantee of security of a bona fide purchaser
Authors: Чесноков Алексей , Chesnokov Aleksey
Published: October 2019

The article deals with topical issues of ensuring the rights of participants in property relations, the problems of implementation of the principle of public reliability in modern conditions. Based on the system analysis of legislation and law enforcement practice, it is shown that the publicity of property registers and legal expertise aimed at ensuring their reliability do not always provide the necessary level of security for users. In this regard, the gaps in the regulation of public registration of property rights are identified and proposals for improving the mechanism of state registration are formulated.
Criminal procedure mechanism of pre-trial settlement of simple criminal and legal disputes: current state and direction of improvement
Authors: Шерстнев Владимир , Sherstnev Vladimir
Published: October 2019

One of the directions for improving the enforcement mechanism (criminal law norms) is the creation of a simplified pre-trial procedure for resolving simple criminal- legal disputes. The author makes several suggestions for creating such a procedure. This implies increased competition in the legal organization of pre-trial proceedings and the emergence of the possibility of replacing the criminal law measure of liability with administrative law or civil law.
The right to free elections in the practice of the European court of human rights affecting the interests of the Russian Federation
Authors: Миловидова Анастасия , Milovidova Anastasiya
Published: October 2019

The author analyzes statistical data on the practice of the European court of human rights in the sphere of electoral law and also describes individual cases, including the complaints against the Russian Federation, communicated by court in 2017.
To the question of intellectual-legal will as the legal phenomenon in the theory of the law
Authors: Пономаренко Елена , Ponomarenko Elena
Published: October 2019

The legal intelligence as ability of person to right Knowledge and legal thinking develops not only thoughts of the right (thought Forms, Fancies), but also induces, reproduces right cognitive interest and intellectual — legal will a long time remained outside studying Knowledge of the modern Russian theory of the right. They have been formulated and developed. However during the last period the addressing characterizing of rationality, reasonableness of the right as objective, abstract phenomenon, which confirms the need to study intellectual — legal will as element of structure of right Knowledge and legal phenomenon in the theory of right.
Restrictions on law as a reflection of the conflict side of social relations: to the beginnings of the theory of the problem
Authors: Трофимов Василий , Trofimov Vasiliy
Published: October 2019

The article is devoted to the study of the conflicting social nature of restrictions on law. A regular relationship is established between conflicts in the social and legal life and restrictive legal means, which are aimed at preventing (creating legal boundaries) and minimizing conflict relations between social actors. The constructive function of socio-legal conflicts is ascertained, during which ways to overcome conflict situations in the legal life of society are developed.

The research is funded by RFBR according to the research project no. 19-011-00726.
System of criteria for effective interaction between the police and society in the interests of public security
Authors: Ханин Сергей , Hanin Sergey
Published: October 2019

The article attempts to form a system of criteria to assess the effectiveness of the emerging partnership between the police and society, the purpose of which is to ensure public safety. Among the groups of criteria that determine the basis of interaction and their effectiveness, the author highlights the legal, organizational and personal value. The author comes to the conclusion that the emerging system of criteria for assessing the effectiveness of police and society interaction is designed to determine a wide range of prospects and features of a constructive dialogue that can eliminate the confrontation of interests and destructiveness both in relation to society and in relation to police.
Trauma intracraneal penetrante trans-orbitario: Anatomía relevante, las dinámicas del trauma y los puntos clave para el tratamiento
Authors: Ordóñez-Rubiano Edgar Gerardo , Rivera-Osorio Laura , Ordóñez-Mora Edgar Gerardo
Published: October 2019

Las lesiones intracraneales penetrantes trans-orbitarias representan pocos casos de todos los Traumas Craneo-encefálicos, sin embargo, representan del 25 al 50% de todos los traumas penetrantes craneales. Este tipo de traumas trans-orbitarios se han reportado por diferentes tipos de objetos, incluyendo objetos de metal y de madera. Muchos de estos traumas intracraneales pueden pasar desapercibidos en casos donde el material que ingresa no queda expuesto posterior al trauma y cuando no se presenta lesión neurológica que requiera examinación exhaustiva adicional con neuro-imágenes.
Vasoespasmo cerebral y déficit isquémico tardío en la hemorragia subaracnoídea aneurismática guías para su manejo clínico
Authors: Quintana Marín Leonidas
Published: October 2019

La presente revisión del tema Vasoespasmo y Déficit Isquémico Cerebral tardío (DIT) en la Hemorragia subaracnoidea aneurismáticatiene como objetivo actualizar su Manejo, basado en las hipótesis mas aceptadas que se han logrado para explicar su patogénesis. Se efectúa una introducción con conceptos generales, se revisan las bases patogénicas del Vasoespasmo y se plantea su manejo, tomando en cuenta su diagnóstico, monitorización, profilaxis y manejo avanzado de acuerdo a las últimas Guías de Manejo Clínico y según medicina basada en las evidencias.
Asociación entre la granulomatosis de Wegener y el dolor lumbar severo
Authors: Nunes Rabelo Nícollas , De Sousa Furtado Igor , Branco Valli Daniel Alves , Silveira Filho Luciano José , Honorato Pereira Vitor Hugo , Santos dos Passos George , Fernandes Rodovalho Paulo Eduardo , Moreira Monteiro Jander , Pontes Sader Renato , Nunes Rabelo Neiffer , Nunes Rabelo Neiffer , Araujo Dias Junior Luiz Antônio , Tanaka Koji , Plastina Fernando Eduardo , Pereira Carlos Umberto , Araujo Dias Luiz Antônio
Published: October 2019

Introducción: La granulomatosis de Wegener (GW) es una enfermedad autoinmune sistémica caracterizada por vasculitis granulomatosa necrotizante que afecta principalmente a las vías respiratorias superiores, pulmones y riñones. Sin embargo, con menos frecuencia puede afectar a los músculos, las articulaciones, la piel, los ojos, el sistema cardiovascular y el sistema nervioso. La presencia de dolor lumbar consiste en una manifestación clínica inusual debido a la afectación del sistema nervioso. Objetivo: El objetivo de este estudio es alertar a los profesionales de la salud acerca de la posibilidad de cortar el dolor lumbar estar relacionado con la granulomatosis de Wegener, su impacto en la vida diaria del paciente, así como los signos clínicos y las formas de diagnóstico. Materiales y Métodos: Revisión de la literatura utilizando PubMed, MEDLINE, Google Scholar, SciELO, EBSCO. Los trabajos seleccionados entre 1995 y 2013 por un total de 48 obras de las cuales se seleccionaron 21 de acuerdo con sus informes de afectación neurológica, diagnóstico y tratamiento. Discusión: Los síntomas neurológicos pueden ocurrir en 22-50% de los pacientes durante el curso de la GW. sistema nervioso (SNC) central es poco frecuente (sólo 2-8% de los pacientes) dolor lumbar .Severe es una manifestación clínica poco frecuente y puede estar asociada con la participación de sistema nervioso central y periférico. CNS debido a la compresión de la médula espinal a nivel lumbar. sistema nervioso periférico debido a la compresión de las raíces nerviosas. Conclusión: La granulomatosis de Wegener es ser una enfermedad sistémica puede presentar diferentes manifestaciones clínicas De acuerdo con el sitio involucrado. Es asociaciones con el dolor lumbar es rara y la refleja la afectación neurológica. Por lo tanto, en pacientes con dolor lumbar grave sin diagnóstico confirmado, granulomatosis de Wegener no debería ser considerado.
Paciente con seis aneurismas intracraneales, tratamiento multimodal (Microcirugía-Endovascular)
Authors: Elizondo Barriel Luis M. , González González Justo L. , Delgado Puñales Olivia , Enciso Flores Francisco
Published: October 2019

Introducción: La incidencia de aneurismas intracraneales múltiples oscila entre un 15 y 34% de los pacientes que sufren una hemorragia subaracnoidea. Su tratamiento constituye un reto, pues la multiplicidad tiende a asociarse con peores resultados al alta. Dentro de sus factores de riesgo, la hipertensión arterial es el factor más recurrente. Reporte de caso: Se presenta una paciente de 50 años de edad, hipertensa, que debutó con el cuadro clínico y radiológico de una hemorragia subaracnoidea, en la que los estudios angiográficos y angiotomográficos revelaron seis aneurismas intracraneales. Tres de ellos, incluido el causante de la hemorragia, fueron tratados inicialmente mediante presillado microquirúrgico en un tiempo. Los otros tres, se ocluyeron mediante intervencionismo endovascular también en un tiempo. La paciente fue egresada a los 27 días de su ingreso con una puntuación de 4 en la escala de Glasgow para resultados. Conclusiones: El tratamiento combinado (Microquirúrgico-Endovascular) resultó ser beneficioso y eficaz en el manejo de aneurismas intracraneales múltiples.
Últimos conceptos de fisiopatología y diagnóstico de la hidrocefalia de presión arterial
Authors: Arias Guatibonza Jaime , Muñoz Suárez Diego , Suárez-Cadena Fabio
Published: October 2019

La hidrocefalia de presión normal es una patología que hace parte de las demencias siendo la única reversible. A pesar del tiempo que ha transcurrido desde su descubrimiento su fisiopatología no ha sido claramente establecida y se han planteado dos teorías que buscan explicar el proceso, una de estas basada en cambios en el flujo de líquido cefalorraquideo y otra en el flujo sanguíneo cerebral. Además, el proceso de evaluación y diagnóstico del paciente con hidrocefalia de presión normal no están determinados debido a que no hay un método standard y los síntomas son similares a otras patologías de sistema nervioso central, llevando a que el diagnóstico se realice gracias a la suma de los síntomas clínicos y ciertos hallazgos imagenológicos que no son siempre constantes.
Meduloblastoma bilateral: reporte de caso y revisión de la literatura
Authors: Pacheco-Hernández Alfonso , Domínguez de la Ossa Leonardo , De la Rosa Ginna , Blanco-Teherán Cristian Camilo , Mendoza-Flórez Romario , Ramos-Villegas Yancarlos , Padilla-Zambrano Huber S. , Quintana-Pájaro Loraine , Corrales-Santander Hugo , Narvaez-Rojas Alexis , Moscote-Salazar Luis Rafael
Published: October 2019

Uno de los tumores más frecuentes en la edad pediátrica es el meduloblastoma; esta neoplasia causa al menos 30% de los tumores en la edad pediátrica. Las manifestaciones clínicas dependerán de la ubicación de la lesión. La aparición del meduloblastoma bilateral es un fenómeno rara vez descrito en la literatura. Presentamos un caso de esta interesante patología.
Aneurisma grande de la arteria carótida interna cavernosa bilateral. Reporte de un caso y revisión de la literatura
Authors: Brito-Núñez Nafxiel Jesús , Maduro Rosangela
Published: October 2019

Los aneurismas carotideos cavernosos bilaterales son raros, representando un reto en el manejo adecuado de los mismos. A continuación, se presenta un caso clínico de una mujer de 79 años de edad con historial de hipertensión arterial con aneurisma grande carotideo cavernoso bilateral tratado de forma conservadora, se discuten las diferentes modalidades y controversias del manejo de esta patología.
Utilidad diagnóstica de la ecografía de vaina de nervio óptico (evno), como método no invasivo para la detección de hipertension intracraneal. Estudio prospectivo de 95 mediciones comparado con monitoreo invasivo en Chile
Authors: García Molina Julio
Published: October 2019

Introducción: El síndrome de hipertensión endocraneal (HTEC) es una condición grave con riesgo vital, causada por un gran número de enfermedades neurológicas y sistémicas. El examen de referencia para su diagnóstico, es la medición invasiva de la presión intracraneana (PIC). Nuestra hipótesis es que la ecografía de vaina de nervio óptico es una herramienta útil como método no invasivo en la detección de HTEC, comparado con el método de referencia actual. Material y Método: Estudio de recolección prospectiva de datos secundarios anonimizados, sobre el valor de la EVNO enmascarado al valor de la PIC por drenaje ventricular externo (DVE), realizado por operador único en pacientes adultos del Hospital Puerto Montt entre 2015 y 2017. Resultados: Se incluyeron 59 pacientes con un total de 95 mediciones. Se obtuvo una sensibilidad 88%, especificidad del 92% con una valor predictivo positivo (VPP) y negativo (VPN) de 85% y 94% respectivamente. La curva de ROC nos muestra un área bajo la curva de 0,95. Discusión: Los resultados obtenidos son comparables a los reportados en la literatura, avalando ampliamente la utilidad de esta técnica no invasiva. Este constituye el primer trabajo reportado en Chile para la validación y difusión de dicha técnica ecográfica en nuestra realidad local. Conclusión: La EVNO es una técnica accesible, sensible y específica para la detección de HTEC de manera no invasiva. Su potencial es evidente más allá del neurointensivo, pero debe utilizarse como herramienta de apoyo y no reemplazar el monitoreo invasivo cuando este se encuentre indicado.
Tratamiento quirúrgico de la epilepsia en pacientes con cavernomas. Revisión bibliográfica
Authors: Rojas Zalazar Francisco José
Published: October 2019

Los cavernomas representan un 5-10% de las malformaciones vasculares encefálicas y espinales. La manifestación clínicamás frecuente de los cavernomas supratentoriales son las crisis epilépticas, se estima que el riesgo de recurrencia luego deuna primera crisis es de un 94% y que un 35-40% de estos pacientes desarrollan epilepsia refractaria. El objetivo de esta revisión es realizar una puesta al día sobre el rol del tratamiento quirúrgico precoz en pacientes con crisis esporádicas y el tratamiento en paciente con epilepsia refractaria. Además, se mencionan las consideraciones en el tratamiento de  cavernomas temporales y extratemporales. Para planificar la cirugía es necesario un adecuado estudio preoperatorio, considerar la localización de la lesión, y tiempo de evolución de la epilepsia. El tratamiento quirúrgico ofrece buenos resultados, un 75% de los pacientes están libres de crisis epilépticas luego de la cirugía, con mejores resultados en pacientes no refractarios a fármacos.
Hemicraniectomía decompresiva. Una revisión
Authors: Drapkin Allan J.
Published: October 2019

Si bien es cierto que la hemicraniectomía descompresiva se ha venido utilizando ya por algunas décadas, en la actualidadaún no se ha llegado a un acuerdo sobre sus indicaciones ni en qué condiciones clínicas este procedimiento debiera llevarsea cabo. Aquí se ha intentado exponer el estado actual del conocimiento en ese ámbito y se ha descrito su técnica quirúrgica.
Unusual intracranial melanoma: a case report
Authors: Cougo Samueli Pedro , Nunes Rabelo Nícollas , Honorato Pereira Vítor Hugo , Nunes Rabelo Neiffer , Araujo Dias Junior Luiz Antonio , Pereira Carlos Umberto
Published: October 2019

Introducción: Los melanomas son tumores cutáneos malignos de melanocitos. Tienen un gran potencial de metastización. El tercer sitio más acometido es el parénquima cerebral (20% a 25%). Generalmente, las metástasis intracraneales ocurren en  las fases más avanzadas del cáncer. Alrededor del 50% de los casos no presentan manifestaciones clínicas. El objetivo del texto es ilustrar las dificultades diagnósticas entre las lesiones expansivas cerebrales, ilustrando un caso de tumor. Relato de caso: Paciente masculino, 43 años, inicialmente, cursó con cefalea crónica agudizada de inicio insidioso en regiónes bitemporal, con irradiación para región occipital. Se sometió a (CT) que al principio evidenció lesión expansiva en la fosa posterior a la izquierda que se presentaba como un hematoma hipertensivo. Realizada la craniectomía, se evidenció lesión ennegreciday sangrante, descartando la hipótesis inicial de hematoma hipertensivo, con estudio anatomopatológico confirmando eldiagnóstico de melanoma. Discusión: Muchos casos no presentan manifestaciones clínicas evidentes, los efectos de masapueden ser similares entre los tumores primarios, de los oriundos de metástasis o de lesiones hemorrágicas de un accidente cerebrovascular. En casos con sospechas de metástasis, la resonancia magnética con gadolinio es el método principal de diagnóstico y el método de elección para descartar diagnósticos diferenciales. La resección quirúrgica se considera patrón de oro en el tratamiento. Conclusión: Las metástasis cerebrales de melanomas presentan diversos diagnósticos diferenciales en diferentes localidades. Es de suma importancia, para equipo de neurocirujanos, pensar en los diagnósticos diferenciales de esas lesiones.
Teaching English to the Elementary School Students in Kutoarjo District
Authors: Kuwat Kuwat , Ghozali Imam
Published: October 2019

The process of teaching English as a foreign language involves the use of target language as a means of providing language exposure to the students. The apropriate amount and quality of the use of target language affect the quality of the instruction. The present paper reports an effort of describing degree of the use of English by teachers in teaching process, techniques teachers use and problems the teachers usually face of their teaching activity. This research belongs to a case study involving four English teachers in Kutoarjo District. Two teachers were selected from advanced schools with complete facilities, while the other two from rural schools with mediocre facilities. The result shows that degree of the use of English by teachers varies. T1 uses 25% English in teaching, T2 20%, T3 35% and T4 40% in their instruction. Further, it is also revealed that teachers use various techniques in their teaching process. They also face some problems. For example T1’s students have poor vocabulary mastery which can affect the teaching learning process. T2 often feels difficult to master the classroom atmosphere. Some T2’s students have unstable motivation to learn English. The pronunciation of T4 find students’ poor pronunciation becomes a problem.
Effect of Forward Masking on Frequency Following Response as a Function of Age
Authors: Sobral Griz Silvana Maria , Menezes Denise C. , Venˆancio Leonardo Gleygson A. , da Fonsˆeca Nath´alia H. , do Nascimento Tha´ıs O. , Lima de Ara´ ujo Anne Karoline , Lira de Andrade Kelly Cristina , de Lemos Menezes Pedro
Published: October 2019

Background: Forward masking occurs when noise is presented before the target signal, making thelatter difficult to be perceived. It is related to temporal auditory processing and consequently to speechrecognition in noisy environments, which may decline with age. Interest in forward masking has grown inthe last years. Studies investigate psychoacoustic and electrophysiological recordings in different age groups.
Purpose: The purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of forward masking on frequency followingresponse (FFR) as a function of age.
Research Design: Cross-sectional analytical observational study.
Study Sample: We assessed 69 normal-hearing participants of both genders assigned to three groups: 40young individuals (aged 18–25 years,mean age = 22 years, 8 months), 21 middle-age individuals (aged 25–55years, mean age = 37 years, 2 months), and 8 seniors (aged < 55 years, mean age = 65 years, 3 months).
Intervention: FFRs were recorded using the /da/ syllable with and without noise.
Data Collection and Analysis: The /da/ syllable and speech-shaped noise were monaurally presentedto the participants’ right ears through ER-3a insert earphones. Electrodes were placed in M1 and M2 (-),Fz (+), and Fpz (ground). Acquisition occurred under two conditions: (1) the /da/ syllable presented withoutthe noise and (2) the /da/ syllable presented 4 msec after the noise.
Results: Data show that (1) considering the mean values of all participants, there was a significant latencydelay of all waves (PV, A, PW, PX, PY, PZ, and O) when the /da/ syllable was presented 4 msecafter the masking noise as compared with the condition without noise, that is, forward masking occurredin all components of the FFR responses, and (2) for the youngest group and the middle-age group, forwardmasking was seen for all waves, except PX in the latter one; for the senior group, an irregular patternwas observed (presence of forward masking in PA, PY, PZ, and O). This pattern may be due to an agingeffect on FFR responses even without noise presence, which makes it more difficult to identify forwardmasking effect in this population. Although it is well documented in the literature that forward maskingincreases with age, this is less evident on FFR recordings in the senior population.
Conclusions: An aging effect was identified in FFR responses. Forward masking was identified in FFRresponses of all groups but less evident in senior population.
Space Densities and Emissivities of Active Galactic Nuclei at z > 4
Authors: Giallongo E. , Grazian A. , Fiore F. , Kodra D. , Urrutia T. , Castellano M. , Cristiani S. , Dickinson M. , Fontana A. , Menci N. , Pentericci L. , Boutsia K. , Newman J. A. , Puccetti S.
Published: October 2019

The study of the space density of bright active galactic nuclei (AGNs) at z > 4 has been subject to extensive effort given its importance in the estimation of cosmological ionizing emissivity and growth of supermassive black holes. In this context we have recently derived high space densities of AGNs at z ∼ 4 and −25 < M
1450 < −23 in the Cosmic Evolution Survey (COSMOS) field from a spectroscopically complete sample. In the present paper we attempt to extend the knowledge of the AGN space density at fainter magnitudes (−22.5 < M
1450 < −18.5) in the 4 < z < 6.1 redshift interval by means of a multiwavelength sample of galaxies in the Cosmic Assembly Near-IR Deep Extragalactic Legacy Survey (CANDELS) GOODS-South, GOODS-North, and EGS fields. We use an updated criterion to extract faint AGNs from a population of near-IR (rest-frame UV) selected galaxies at photometric z > 4 showing X-ray detection in deep Chandra images available for the three CANDELS fields. We have collected a photometric sample of 32 AGN candidates in the selected redshift interval, six of which having spectroscopic redshifts. Including our COSMOS sample as well as other bright QSO samples allows a first guess on the shape of the UV luminosity function (LF) at z ∼ 4.5. The resulting emissivity and photoionization rate appear consistent with that derived from the photoionization level of the intergalactic medium at z ∼ 4.5. An extrapolation to z ∼ 5.6 suggests an important AGN contribution to the ionization of intergalactic medium if there are no significant changes in the shape of the UV LF.