bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A strong construction of S-box using Mandelbrot set an image encryption scheme
Authors: Aslam Mazzamal , Beg Saira , Anjum Adeel , Qadir Zakria , Khan Shawal , Malik Saif Ur Rehman , Mahmud MA Parvez
Published: September 2022

The substitution box (S-box) plays a vital role in creating confusion during the encryption process of digital data. The quality of encryption schemes depends upon the S-box. There have been several attempts to enhance the quality of the S-box by using fractal chaotic mechanisms. However, there is still weakness in the robustness against cryptanalysis of fractal-based S-boxes. Due to their chaotic behavior, fractals are frequently employed to achieve randomness by confusion and diffusion process. A complex number-based S-box and a chaotic map diffusion are proposed to achieve high nonlinearity and low correlation. This study proposed a Mandelbrot set S-box construction based on the complex number and Chen chaotic map for resisting cryptanalytic attacks by creating diffusion in our proposed algorithm. The cryptosystem was built on the idea of substitution permutation networks (SPN). The complex nature of the proposed S-box makes it more random than other chaotic maps. The robustness of the proposed system was analyzed by different analysis properties of the S-box, such as nonlinearity, strict avalanche criterion, Bit independent criterion, and differential and linear probability. Moreover, to check the strength of the proposed S-box against differential and brute force attacks, we performed image encryption with the proposed S-box. The security analysis was performed, including statistical attack analysis and NIST analysis. The analysis results show that the proposed system achieves high-security standards than existing schemes.
Los sistemas de traducción automática (TA) en los servicios públicos: el caso de la traducción jurídico-administrativa (francés-español)
Authors:   Departamento de Filología Moderna, Facultad de Filosofía y Letras, Universidad de Alcalá, Sánchez Ramos María del Mar , Cerasela Nodis Raymonda ,   Departamento de Filología Moderna, Facultad de Filosofía y Letras, Universidad de Alcalá
Published: September 2022

Desde sus inicios, y a pesar de los obstáculos encontrados, la traducción automática (TA) representa un avance en nuestra sociedad. Hoy día, diversos sistemas de TA se utilizan en ámbitos privados y públicos para satisfacer la alta demanda de traducción. El presente trabajo ofrece los resultados cuantitativos y cualitativos de la evaluación de dos sistemas de TA, uno basado en reglas y otro en redes neuronales, aplicados a la traducción jurídico-administrativa (francés-español) en el ámbito de la traducción e interpretación en los servicios públicos (TISP). Para ello, se analiza el resultado con el programa COSTA MT Evaluation Tool.
Marketing Behaviour of Registered Women Entrepreneurs in Coimbatore District of Tamil Nadu
Authors: Suganthi N. , Asokhan M.
Published: September 2022

To achieve the purpose of the study, 105 registered women entrepreneurs in Micro Small and Medium Enterprise (MSME) were identified in Coimbatore District of Tamil Nadu. Series of questions were asked through well-structured interview schedule. The paper reveals that more than half (56.19 %) registered women entrepreneurs had medium level of marketing behaviour followed by high (24.76 %) and low (19.05 %) levels. Majority (79.05 %) of the respondents procured raw material locally followed by outside (20.95 %).Less than half (45.71 %) of the registered women entrepreneurs utilized labour based on demand for the produce. More than one-fifth (46.67%) of the registered women entrepreneurs sold their products to directly to consumers. A little less than three-fifths (71.43 %) of the registered women entrepreneurs had adequate existing market information.
Covid-19 Impacts on the Fish Production and Distribution Status at the Nusantara Fishery Port, West Java, Indonesia
Authors: Putrie Elvaretta Mahazallia Adha Irhas , Anna Zuzy , Syamsuddin Mega Laksmini , Suryana Asep Agus Handaka
Published: September 2022

This study aims to analyze the impact of Covid-19 on the operational conditions of production and distribution at the Palabuhanratu Nusantara Fisheries Port (NFP) before and after the Covid-19 pandemic. Data was collected from May 2021 to July 2022 through interviewing 7 port officers and 25 fishermen based on certain criteria and direct observations in the field. The results shows that the amount of fish production and fish catch per fishing gear decreased significantly in the peak of the pandemic. During the peak of the pandemic (2020), fish catch per fishing gear decreased from gillnet, tuna Long line, toddler fishing, tramel net, hand fishing and purse sein. The distribution of fresh fish at the peak of the pandemic has increased, while the distribution of pindang fish and salted fish has decreased. This happens because fish production at the peak of the pandemic (2020) has decreased, therefore fish in ports do not experience over stock so for Pindang and salted fish is reduced. The highest income for payang and fishing rods was Rp. 650,000 before the pandemic and after the pandemic: the lowest income was Rp. 350,000 for net fishermen. Based on the results of interviews, most fishermen stated that the average household expenditure before and after the pandemic did not change much.
Evaluation of Different Protein Blends on Growth Performance, Nutrient Utilization and Carcass Composition of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Fingerlings
Authors: Edem Bunmi Ronke , Adeparusi Eunice Oluwayemisi
Published: September 2022

The effects of different protein blends (gliricidia/moringa leaf meals, soybean meal and defatted palm weevil larvae) on Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fingerlings were studied for a 10-week feeding period. Six diets with 30 percent crude protein content were formulated, the protein sources were included in equal ratios. Diets were designated as fishmeal/soybean (FMS), palm weevil/soybean (PWS), palm weevil/ moringa (PWM), palm weevil/ gliricidia (PWG), palm weevil/soybean/moringa (PSM) and palm weevil/soybean/gliricidia (PSG). Trials were carried out in triplicates with each having ten (10) fish in a total of 18 tanks. Fish fed diet PSG had the highest mean weight gain of 4.35±0.08 and protein efficiency ratio (PER) of 1.14±0.02. These values were significantly different (P<0.05) from those recorded for fish on other diets. Fish fed diet PSG gave the lowest food conversion ratio (FCR) of 1.10±0.02, with those on diet PWG recording the least. Fish fed diets containing soybean meal (PSM and PSG) gave better performances than those without it. The carcass protein, ash and fat contents differed significantly (P<0.05). This results showed that Oreochromis niloticus fingerlings fed a mix of protein blends could give good performance in terms of growth, nutrient utilization and carcass constituents.
Curious Case of “Boiled Egg” in Peritoneal Cavity- A Giant Peritoneal Loose Body
Authors: Bhadani P. P. , Singh A. , Das P. , Anand U.
Published: September 2022

Peritoneal Loose Bodies(PLB) are rare lesions which are often asymptomatic. The exact cause of PLB is unknown. However, it has been postulated that the PLB is thought to develop from a spontaneously deformed and infarcted epiploic appendix within the peritoneal cavity. There is the deposition of intra abdominal fluids on its surface, as well as its interaction with the surrounding peritoneum, causes the unique histological structure. A calcified central portion of fat tissue with an exterior concentrically arranged fibrosis, comprising of numerous layers. These are usually found accidentally found during surgery or autopsy. A giant peritoneal loose body with size greater than 5 cm may require surgical exploration and removal. Here, we report a case of giant peritoneal loose body found in pelvic caviy of 63-yr-old man.
Performance Analysis Using the Camel Approach Reference to Select Banks in Tamil Nadu during COVID-19 – An Empirical Study
Authors: Soundarapandiyan K. , Kumar S. Dinesh
Published: September 2022

The series of a thriftiness is unfathomably reliant upon organization as well as ideal utilization of cash safes and most extreme to a great extent practical capacity of the beautiful areas, of which the financial area has a genuinely imperative influence. The financial area helps in the incitement of capital compliance, creation, and adaptation notwithstanding the assistance of monetary approach. It's basic to exactly gauge and take apart the presentation of banks to guarantee a solid financial framework and a powerful moderation. surveying the Indian financial area is definitely not a simple errand. There are so various variables, which should be dealt with while secerning great banks from awful bones. To assess the presentation of the financial area we've picked the CAMEL model since it estimates the exhibition of banks from every one of the significant boundaries like Capital Adequacy, implies Quality, Management Efficiency, Earning Quality, and Liquidity. The current review centers around the assessment of the presentation of two public area banks in Tamil Nadu. The information of the example banks for a three-time frame period from 2019-2021 has been gathered from the intermittent reports of the banks.
Report: Offsets would mostly cover Medicare service expansion cost
Authors: Enos Gary
Published: September 2022

A new report suggests that closing a wide treatment gap for Medicare beneficiaries with substance use disorders (SUDs) could be achieved cost‐effectively because the vast majority of the necessary spending would be offset by reduced treatment costs elsewhere. Most of the cost offsets would stem from a reduced need to treat medical conditions caused by SUDs, such as cardiac conditions and infectious diseases.
ASAM responds to questions about methadone reform and OTAA
Authors: Knopf Alison
Published: September 2022

Last week we asked the American Society of Addiction Medicine (ASAM), which is spearheading the call for methadone reform, to respond to questions about their proposal. Specifically, there is a bill in Congress that would allow pharmacies to fill prescriptions for methadone for opioid use disorder (OUD) providing that the prescribers were either from opioid treatment programs (OTPs) or certified by ASAM. Currently, only OTPs are allowed to prescribe and dispense methadone for OUD. The bill is called the Opioid Treatment Access Act (OTAA). For more on the history of this proposal, see NASEM workshop focuses on nonlegislative expansion of methadone, ADAW March 14; https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/adaw.33371.
Atomic‐Scale Oxygen‐Mediated Etching of 2D MoS2 and MoTe2
Authors: Åhlgren E. Harriet , Markevich Alexander , Scharinger Sophie , Fickl Bernhard , Zagler Georg , Herterich Felix , McEvoy Niall , Mangler Clemens , Kotakoski Jani
Published: September 2022

Oxidation is the main cause of degradation of many 2D materials, including transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), under ambient conditions. Some of the materials are more affected by oxidation than others. To elucidate the oxidation‐induced degradation mechanisms in TMDs, the chemical effects in single layer MoS2 and MoTe2 are studied in situ in an electron microscope under controlled low‐pressure oxygen environments at room temperature. MoTe2 is found to be reactive to oxygen, leading to significant degradation above a pressure of 1 × 10−7 torr. Curiously, the common hydrocarbon contamination found on practically all surfaces accelerates the damage rate significantly, by up to a factor of forty. In contrast to MoTe2, MoS2 is found to be inert under oxygen environment, with all observed structural changes being caused by electron irradiation only, leading to well‐defined pores with high proportion of molybdenum nanowire‐terminated edges. Using density functional theory calculations, a further atomic‐scale mechanism leading to the observed oxygen‐related degradation in MoTe2 is proposed, and the role of the carbon in the etching is explored. Together, the results provide an important insight into the oxygen‐related deterioration of 2D materials under ambient conditions relevant in many fields.
Restructuring and Reshaping of CsPbX3 Perovskites by Lithium Salts
Authors: Dumont Antoine , Nicholson Eric , Qiu Chenyue , Pan Jinbo , Gariepy Zachary , Du Shixuan , Howe Jane , Singh Chandra Veer , Lu Zheng‐Hong
Published: September 2022

Metal halide perovskites have exceptional potential for future generations of light‐emitting diodes and solar cells. Compared to widely used solution‐based syntheses, vapor‐phase deposition (VPD) offers a fabrication route that can be more easily scaled up for commercial production. Cesium lead halides (CsPbX3) have shown great color purity, high photoluminescence quantum yield, and better stability than other perovskites. To improve the optoelectronic properties, lithium salts are often used as passivation agents to reduce nonradiative defects. Here, it is reported that VPD CsPbX3 thin films can be dramatically reshaped by a lithium bromide adlayer, a salt that is successfully used to drastically increase the luminescent yield of CsPbBr3. It is found that continuous CsPbBr3 and CsPbCl3 films restructure themselves into islands whereas CsPbI3 films transform into mixed triangular and rod‐shaped crystals. Based on density functional theory (DFT) studies, it is established that a surface energy change by LiBr adlayer is not the main driver for the perovskite film transformation. Instead, DFT simulations indicate that the LiBr adlayer creates a polar surface forming a strong Van der Waals force attracting water molecules.
Molten Salt Carbonization and Activation of Biomass to Functional Biocarbon
Authors: Egun Ishioma L. , He Haiyong , Hu Di , Chen George Z.
Published: September 2022

Functional carbon materials are useful for energy storage, catalysis, and pollutant adsorption, and are in high demand, for which biomass has become a valuable raw material. Molten salt carbonization and activation (MSCA) is a promising approach to converting biomass to functional biocarbon and reducing or neutralizing carbon impact on the environment. It uses a single thermal treatment and features high‐efficiency conversion, rapid production, and low resource and processing costs. More importantly, in this process, the unmatched purely ionic environment at high temperatures can lead to in situ activation (pore generation) of the biocarbon and introduce desired ions into the carbon to enable unique functionalities. The obtained biocarbon possesses a fairly large specific surface area (SSA), balanced pore structure, and specific surface oxygen‐containing groups for diverse applications. This review explains the fundamental and technological aspects of MSCA of biomass, focusing on the approaches, salt compositions (mixtures), processing conditions, and products. The properties of the obtained biocarbon are analyzed and compared in the context of practical applications. Areas for further investigation are also explored with the hope of this molten salt route becoming optimized and industrialized for a circular economy.
Intelligent Optoelectronic Devices for Next‐Generation Artificial Machine Vision
Authors: Chen Weilin , Liu Gang
Published: September 2022

Machine vision technology is a thriving interdisciplinary subject to simulate human vision‐related intelligent behaviors, which has played an increasingly important role in various fields, especially in artificial intelligence and big‐data eras. However, the existing silicon‐based machine vision technology (s‐MVT) has been plagued by complex and inefficient von Neumann architecture, thus gradually becoming overwhelmed when handling high‐throughput parallel tasks. The emerging bionic machine vision technology (b‐MVT) with new materials, working principles, and architectures are attracting ever‐increasing attention, which simulates the structure‐function relationship of the human visual system and shows great potential in processing optical information efficiently with low power consumption. In this review, the recent developments achieved in the b‐MVT are summarized, with a particular emphasis on material selection, device fabrication and performance, as well as several popular neural networks for back‐end image recognition. A summary and critical challenges of the b‐MVT are also discussed.
Non‐Classical Correlations between Single Photons and Magnons
Authors: Chen Dan‐Dan , Xie Hong , Chen Zhi‐Hua , Lin Gong‐Wei , Lin Xiu‐Min
Published: September 2022

A scheme is proposed to realize the non‐classical correlation between magnons and photons in a cavity optomagnonic system, which supports both photon modes and a magnon mode. Starting with the system being initially prepared in its ground state, two laser pulses successively drive corresponding optical mode. A two‐mode squeezing interaction between optical mode 1 and the magnon mode is created by the first pulse, which leads to a non‐classical correlation between photons and magnons. To verify this non‐classical correlation, the second pulse is utilized to transfer the magnon state to another optical mode, thus the correlated photon–photon pairs are generated out of the cavity. By discussing the violation of Cauchy–Schwarz inequality, based on numerical simulation, it is confirmed that non‐classical correlated photon–magnon pairs can be created in the weak coupling regime, which relaxes the requirements of experimental conditions. The result indicates that cavity optomagnonics can be a promising platform for studying magnon‐based quantum information processing.
Simple synthesis of energetic ferrocene‐based coordination derivatives as attractive multifunctional catalysts for the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate
Authors: Liu Xiaoju , Li Yang , Ma Xiaoyan
Published: September 2022

Four novel energetic ferrocene‐based coordination derivatives, namely [M (FcHz)·(NO3)]n (M = Co2+, Cu2+, Zn2+, and Fe3+), were successfully prepared through a solvothermal method using 1,1′‐bis(1‐hydrazinoethylene) ferrocene (FcHz) with excellent electron transfer ability and energy bonds (C=N, N–N) as a ligand to coordinate with transition metals with high catalytic activity to promote the decomposition of ammonium perchlorate (AP). Their chemical structure, crystalline features, and morphology were comprehensively characterized, and their catalytic performance was analyzed. It is found that all [M (FcHz)·(NO3)]n exhibited better catalytic performance for AP decomposition than that of traditional catalyst catocene because of the optimal synergistic effect between FcHz and transition metals. In addition, they had a large specific surface area, strong NH3 absorption capacity, and high thermal property, which also could accelerate AP decomposition. [Co (FcHz)·(NO3)]n was the best one, and AP with [Co (FcHz)·(NO3)]n could decrease the high‐temperature decomposition temperature and apparent activation energy of AP decomposition by 110°C and 75.82 kJ mol−1, respectively, and increase heat release by 1066 J/g. The online thermogravimetric analyzer‐coupled with a Fourier‐transform infrared explored the AP decomposition products at different temperatures catalyzed by [Co (FcHz)·(NO3)]n, and a possible catalytic mechanism was also proposed. The results indicate that [Co (FcHz)·(NO3)]n with high efficiency, high energy, and high anti‐migration has application prospects in AP‐based solid propellants.
A model predictive obstacle avoidance method based on dynamic motion primitives and a Kalman filter
Authors: Li Qinwen , Wang Zhiqian , Wang Wenrui , Liu Zhiyang , Chen Yiwen , Ng Xianyao , Ang Marcelo H.
Published: September 2022

A dynamic motion primitive (DMP) is a robust framework that generates obstacle avoidance trajectories by introducing perturbative terms. The perturbative term is usually constructed with an artificial potential field (APF) method. Dynamic obstacle avoidance is rarely considered with this approach; furthermore, even when dynamic obstacles are considered, only the velocity and position information of the current state are incorporated into the obstacle avoidance framework. However, if the position of an obstacle changes suddenly, a robot may be placed in a dangerous position close to the obstacle, resulting in large obstacle avoidance accelerations, sharp trajectories, or even obstacle avoidance failure. Therefore, we present a model predictive obstacle avoidance method based on dynamic motion primitives and a Kalman filter. This method has three main components: Dynamic motion primitives are used to generate the desired trajectory and introduce perturbations to achieve obstacle avoidance; the Kalman filter method is adopted to estimate the future positions of the obstacles; and model predictive control is employed to optimize the repulsive force generated by the APF while minimizing the defined cost function, thus guaranteeing the safety and flexibility of the method. We validate the presented method with 2D and 3D obstacle avoidance simulations. The method is also verified with a real robot: the‐Kinova MOVO. The simulation and experimental results show that the proposed method not only avoids dynamic obstacles but also tracks the desired trajectory more smoothly and precisely.
Regulation performance limitation of networked time‐delay systems with incomplete information
Authors: Li Qianhao , Yang Qingsheng , Zhan Xisheng , Yan Huaicheng
Published: September 2022

In this paper, the regulation performance limitation of networked time‐delay systems is studied. The communication network is mainly affected by parameters such as packet dropouts, encoding‐decoding, interference signal, and channel noises. Non‐minimum phase zeros, unstable poles, and time delay are all considered for a given plant. The corresponding regulation performance expression is derived using coprime factorization and spectral decomposition techniques in the frequency domain. The results indicate that the regulation performance of the system is related to the inherent characteristics of the given plant, including non‐minimum phase zeros, unstable poles, and time delay. Additionally, network communication parameters such as white Gaussian noise, packet dropouts, encoding‐decoding, and external interference signals all affect the regulation performance of networked time‐delay systems. Finally, some simulation examples are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the theory.
Patterns of sleep disturbances and associations with depressive symptoms in autistic young adults
Authors: Lampinen Linnea A. , Zheng Shuting , Taylor Julie Lounds , Adams Ryan E. , Pezzimenti Florencia , Asarnow Lauren D. , Bishop Somer L.
Published: September 2022

Autistic individuals are at an increased risk for both sleep disturbances and depression. While studies in the general population and in autistic adults have drawn general links between sleep disturbances and mental health, few studies have examined the extent to which specific sleep problems may be implicated in the extremely high rates of depression among autistic adults. This study aimed to describe the patterns of sleep disturbances in autistic young adults, and their associations with depressive symptoms while controlling for relevant demographic factors. A sample of 304 legally independent adults (age 18–35 years old) with a childhood diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder self‐reported on their average sleep behaviors during the past week and depressive symptoms on the Beck Depressive Inventory‐II. A significant proportion (86.01%) of autistic young adults experienced at least one of the primary sleep disturbances of interest, including short total sleep time (39.59%), poor sleep efficiency (60.07%), and delayed sleep phase (36.18%). Additionally, lower sleep efficiency and delayed sleep phase were both associated with higher depressive symptoms. The associations between sleep and depressive symptoms identified in our study suggest that sleep treatments may hold potential for ameliorating depressive symptoms in autistic adults who also experience sleep problems. Further research using daily sleep diaries and objective measures of sleep behaviors, as well as longitudinal studies, are needed to understand how changes in sleep may relate to changes in depressive symptoms in autistic adults.
Quantification of monoamine biomarkers in cerebrospinal fluid: Comparison of a UHPLC–MS/MS method with a UHPLC coupled to fluorescence detection method
Authors: Boulghobra Ayoub , Abar Taous , Moussa Fathi , Baudin Bruno , Rodriguez Diana , Pallandre Antoine , Bonose Myriam
Published: September 2022

Inborn errors of monoamine neurotransmitter metabolism are rare genetic diseases classified as catecholamine and serotonin metabolism disorders or neurotransmitter transportopathies. To diagnose these orphan diseases, monoamine metabolites have been identified and validated as cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers: 5‐hydroxy‐tryptophane, 5‐hydroxy‐indol‐acetic acid, 3‐ortho‐methyl‐DOPA, homovanillic acid, and 3‐methoxy‐4‐hydroxyphenylglycol. The present work presents a UHPLC–MS/MS method developed for the quantification of these metabolites in CSF and compares it with a previously described UHPLC with fluorescence detection (UHPLC‐FD) method. MS/MS detection was performed in positive electrospray ionization and multiple reaction monitoring mode. The UHPLC–MS/MS and UHPLC–FD methods were validated in terms of accuracy, linearity, precision and matrix effect. The lower limits of quantification (LLOQ) ranged between 0.5 and 10 nm and between 1 and 5 nm for the UHPLC–MS/MS method and the UHPLC–FD one, respectively. We verified the applicability of both methods by analyzing 30 CSF samples. The measured concentrations were comparable with the reference values described in the literature. The two methods allowed pathological samples to be distinguished from healthy ones for clinical diagnosis. UHPLC–MS/MS and UHPLC–FD methods exhibited very close LLOQs. As the UHPLC–MS/MS method is more selective, it allows faster analysis with a run time of 6 min per run vs. 10 min for the UHPLC–FD method.
An integrated stage‐tip‐based glycomic and glycoproteomic approach for simple and rapid N‐glycosylation profiling of glycoproteins
Authors: Kayili Hacı Mehmet , Ragoubi Zidan M. E. , Salih Bekir
Published: September 2022

Glycosylation is a post‐translational modification that plays an active role in many cellular events. It also regulates many functions of proteins. Monoclonal antibody‐derived drugs are used to treat many diseases, and glycosylation affects the activity of such drugs developed. On the other hand, N‐glycans may change in certain diseases. Therefore, rapid and efficient bioanalytical methods are needed for N‐glycosylation profiling. The study aimed to develop an integrated stage‐tip application for the simple and rapid N‐glycosylation profiling of glycoproteins. A fast and inexpensive N‐glycosylation profiling was achieved by integrating all glycoproteomic and glycomic sample preparation steps into a stage‐tip. The glycomic approach of the integrated stage‐tip reduces the N‐glycan profiling time from 2 days to approximately 2.5 hours. It also allows the profiling of immunoglobulin G (IgG) N‐glycopeptides directly from human plasma. In addition, N‐glycosylation profiling can be done in the developed method without sorbents, C18 or others, such as strong‐cation exchange, at the glycopeptide level.
Application of interpretable machine learning algorithms to predict distant metastasis in osteosarcoma
Authors: Bai Bing‐li , Wu Zong‐yi , Weng She‐ji , Yang Qing
Published: September 2022

Background

Osteosarcoma is well‐established as the most common bone cancer in children and adolescents. Patients with localized disease have different prognoses and management than those with metastasis at the time of diagnosis. The purpose of this study was to explore potential risk factors for metastatic disease.

Methods

The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program database was used to identify patients diagnosed with osteosarcoma between 2004 and 2015. We developed prediction models for distant metastasis using six machine learning (ML) techniques, including logistic regression (LR), support vector machine (SVM), Gaussian Naive Bayes (GaussianNB), Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), random forest (RF), and k‐nearest neighbor algorithm (kNN). The adaptive synthetic (ADASYN) technique was used to deal with imbalanced data. The Shapley Additive Explanation (SHAP) analysis generated visualized explanations for each patient. Finally, the average precision (AP), sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, F1 score, precision‐recall curves, calibration plots, and decision curve analysis (DCA) were conducted to evaluate the models' effectiveness.

Results

The six machine learning algorithms achieved AP of 0.661–0.781 for predicting distant metastasis. The RF model yielded the best performance with an accuracy of 71.8 percent and an AP of 0.781 and was highly dependent on tumor size, primary surgery, and age. SHAP analysis provided model‐independent interpretation, highlighting significant clinical factors associated with the risk of metastasis in osteosarcoma patients.

Conclusions

An accurate machine learning‐based prediction model was established for metastasis in osteosarcoma patients to help clinicians during clinical decision‐making.
Variability in healthcare delivery: It is never a good thing
Authors: Butman Samuel M.
Published: September 2022

In medicine, wide variations in healthcare delivery or outcomes are a sign of missing information and beg for more information in a timely resolution. While differences in patient selection for intervention in out‐of‐hospital‐cardiac‐arrest in Wales and England might seem regional, there is little reason to assume this is not true across many other geographical areas.
Possibility of using wheat germ and wheat germ protein isolate for high‐protein pasta production
Authors: Teterycz Dorota , Sobota Aldona , Starek Agnieszka
Published: September 2022

Background and Objectives

There is a growing demand in the food market for vegan and vegetarian products. However, they often contain incomplete protein and small amounts of protein. Therefore, plant‐enriched products with increased nutritional and biological value are increasingly being sought. This study was undertaken to determine the effect of adding wheat germ (WG) (wheat milling by‐product) and wheat germ protein isolate (WGPI) to durum wheat pasta. The aim of this study was to obtain high‐protein wheat pasta with an improved amino acid composition. Another objective was to evaluate the physicochemical parameters and assess the cooking quality of obtained pasta samples.

Findings

Pasta was enriched with the addition of milled WG at 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25% or WGPI at 4%, 8%, and 12%. The study showed that the addition of 25% WG and 12% WGPI increased the protein content in the pasta by 35% and 53%, respectively, compared to the control sample. Both raw materials improved the amino acid composition of the pasta but only the addition of 12% WGPI resulted in a twofold increase in the lysine content and yielded a product with complete protein.

Conclusions

High‐protein pasta was obtained through enrichment of wheat semolina pasta with 25% of WG or 8% of WGPI. The WG and WGPI addition yielded pasta with high cooking quality and increased firmness.

Significance and Novelty

Protein isolate obtained from wheat germ can be successfully used to produce high‐protein pasta.
Design and evaluation of a prosthetic socket for a patient with diabetic‐related transtibial amputation: A case report
Authors: Bagheripour Batoul , Mardani Mohammad Ali , Hajiaghaei Behnam , Biglarian Akbar , Babaee Taher , Pezham Hamid
Published: September 2022

This is a report of a diabetic transtibial amputee with severe pain and ulcer in the antero‐distal of the tibia. A novel prosthetic socket with an antero‐distal silicone wall was designed. The result showed that the patient's satisfaction was increased and the average peak pressure was reduced by using the new socket design.
Father–Son COVID‐19‐associated mucormycosis: Important role of genetic susceptibility in combination with environmental factors
Authors: Pourazizi Mohsen , Eshraghi Bahram , Azad Roya , Afshar Kimia , Mohammadbeigy Iman
Published: September 2022

In this report, a father with a history of diabetes mellitus and his son without a remarkable past medical history, both got COVID‐19‐ associated mucormycosis (CAM) as evidenced by their clinical and radiological findings. This suggests the possible role of genetics in combination with the environment in susceptibility to CAM.
First‐Principles Design of a Highly Active and Selective V2CO2‐Based Double‐Atom Catalyst for Ethane Dehydrogenation to Ethylene
Authors: Wan Jin , Wang Yanwei , Zhang Huijuan , Wang Yu
Published: September 2022

The electrocatalytic ethane dehydrogenation to ethylene reaction (EDH) offers an alternative to the traditional steam cracking method for sustainable ethylene production but suffers sluggish kinetics due to the inert C−H bonds. Herein, a novel strategy is proposed for designing efficient double‐atom catalysts (DACs) via first principle calculations. We examined the C−H activation of methane by single‐atom catalysts (SACs) and constructed activity maps using activation energy as the activity descriptor, where methane is the simplest probe molecule to establish trends in C−H activation. Particularly, due to the strong d‐σ* coupling between ethane and Rh atoms, Rh2@V2CO2 presents excellent EDH performance with particularly low energy barriers (0.64 eV for the C2H6* to C2H5* step and 0.63 eV for the C2H5* to C2H4* step). This work not only demonstrates the possibility of developing novel DACs for EDH but also provides a new strategy for designing efficient DACs.
Priorities and challenges: Wealth management and financial planning among affluent Black families
Authors: Addo Fenaba R. , Beverly Keith
Published: September 2022

This article highlights common financial issues and concerns of affluent Black American households as they attempt to build and maintain long‐term financial stability. In so doing, we shed light on the nexus of Black families seeking professional wealth management services and Black financial planners working to meet their needs while also attempting to carve out a successful business in a profession and industry within which they are woefully underrepresented. A collaboration of a wealth inequality scholar and financial planning professionals from a wealth management company, this article outlines common planning priorities and challenges raised by African‐American families with their planning advisors. While many of these are universal, they also represent topics that are overwhelmingly prioritized by Black clients. When possible, we use information from the 2019 Survey of Consumer Finances on households located in the top quintile of the Black wealth distribution, the “affluent,” to complement the information provided by the analysts of their targeted clientele.
QT and Tpeak‐Tend interval variability: Predictive electrical markers of hospital stay length and mortality in acute decompensated heart failure. Preliminary data
Authors: Piccirillo Gianfranco , Moscucci Federica , Carnovale Myriam , Bertani Gaetano , Lospinuso Ilaria , Di Diego Ilaria , Corrao Andrea , Sabatino Teresa , Zaccagnini Giulia , Crapanzano Davide , Rossi Pietro , Magrì Damiano
Published: September 2022

Background

As previously reported, an increased repolarization temporal imbalance induces a higher risk of total/cardiovascular mortality.

Hypothesis

The aim of this study was to assess if the electrocardiographic short period markers of repolarization temporal dispersion could be predictive of the hospital stay length and mortality in patients with acutely decompensated chronic heart failure (CHF).

Method

Mean, standard deviation (SD), and normalized variance (VN) of QT (QT) and Tpeak‐Tend (Te) were obtained on 5‐min ECG recording in 139 patients hospitalized for acutely decompensated CHF, subgrouping the patients for hospital length of stay (LoS): less or equal 1 week (≤1 W) and those with more than 1 week (>1 W).

Results

We observed an increase of short‐period repolarization variables (TeSD and TeVN, p < .05), a decrease of blood pressure (p < .05), lower ejection fraction (p < .05), and higher plasma level of biomarkers (NT‐proBNP, p < .001; Troponin, p < .05) in >1 W LoS subjects. 30‐day deceased subjects reported significantly higher levels of QTSD (p < .05), Te mean (p < .001), TeSD (p < .05), QTVN (p < .05) in comparison to the survivors. Multivariable Cox regression analysis reported that TeVN was a risk factor for longer hospital stay (hazard ratio: 1.04, 95% confidence limit: 1.01–1.08, p < .05); whereas, a longer Te mean was associated with higher mortality risk (hazard ratio: 1.02, 95% confidence limit: 1.01–1.03, p < .05).

Conclusion

A longer hospital stay is considered a clinical surrogate of CHF severity, we confirmed this finding. Therefore, these electrical and simple parameters could be used as noninvasive, transmissible, inexpensive markers of CHF severity and mortality.
Simulation study of small domain with calibration approach
Authors: Ashutosh Ashutosh , Shahzad Usman , Al‐Noor Nadia H. , Rai Piyush Kant
Published: September 2022

Some of the flexible models are available in the statistics literature are exponential and power distribution. They are very helpful in the modeling for situations when the shape and distribution of interested variables are positively skewed. We are presenting the calibration based estimates of domain total for exponential and the power model under such prevailing circumstances. Two different situations are considered: (i) domain total of the auxiliary variable is known and (ii) domain total of the auxiliary variable is unknown. To overcome the difficulties, to get calibration weights under second situation, two phase sampling technique is utilized. The Newton–Raphson method of approximation is used to estimate the Lagrange's multiplier. In addition, the efficiency of the proposed estimator has been given with support of the proposed weights under shortest Chi‐square distance function. A numerical value based on the simulation study in terms of absolute relative bias and simulated relative standard error have been given using a real data of the Sweden municipality 1984 for comparison of the estimators. Finding shows that the proposed power function based calibration estimator is more efficient than the existing calibration based estimators of the domain total in both the situations.
Dinuclear Cobalt Complexes for Homogeneous Water Oxidation: Tuning Rate and Overpotential through the Non‐Innocent Ligand
Authors: Hsu Wan‐Chi , Zeng Wan‐Qin , Lu I‐Chung , Yang Tzuhsiung , Wang Yu‐Heng
Published: September 2022

In this study, dinuclear cobalt complexes (1 and 2) featuring bis(benzimidazole)pyrazolide‐type ligands (H2L and Me2L) were prepared and evaluated as molecular electrocatalysts for water oxidation. Notably, 1 bearing a non‐innocent ligand (H2L) displayed faster catalytic turnover than 2 under alkaline conditions, and the base dependence of water oxidation and kinetic isotope effect analysis indicated that the reaction mediated by 1 proceeded by a different mechanism relative to 2. Spectroelectrochemical, cold‐spray ionization mass spectrometric and computational studies found that double deprotonation of 1 under alkaline conditions cathodically shifted the catalysis‐initiating potential and further altered the turnover‐limiting step from nucleophilic water attack on (H2L)CoIII2(superoxo) to deprotonation of (L)CoIII2(OH)2. The rate–overpotential analysis and catalytic Tafel plots showed that 1 exhibited a significantly higher rate than previously reported Ru‐based dinuclear electrocatalysts at similar overpotentials. These observations suggest that using non‐innocent ligands is a valuable strategy for designing effective metal‐based molecular water oxidation catalysts.
Input parallel–output parallel connected modular nonisolated DC‐DC converters with current self‐sharing capability operating in discontinuous conduction mode
Authors: de Kremes William Jesus , de Andrade Jessika Melo , Chokkalingam Bharatiraja , Illa Font Carlos Henrique , Lazzarin Telles Brunelli
Published: September 2022

This paper covers the self‐sharing analysis of dc‐dc nonisolated converters with input parallel–output parallel (IPOP) configuration and operating in discontinuous conduction mode (DCM). The main contribution of the proposed system is its capability of providing self‐sharing of the currents on both sides of each individual converter, without average current sharing control, even in the face of parametric variations. This self‐balance only occurs for DCM. When the addressed converters operate in continuous conduction mode (CCM), the self‐sharing does not occur naturally under parametric differences among them, requiring the use of additional control loops. The use of self‐sharing converters in nonisolated converters simplifies the control system, it makes the modular solution being attractive for many applications, and it increases the power range that the DCM converters may be applied. This paper brings the theoretical study of self‐sharing of the current mechanism to six basic nonisolated converters operating in DCM. The self‐sharing is verified by experimental results, which are obtained from three modules of dc‐dc SEPIC converters. Both converters were designed to operate with 200‐V input voltage, 125‐V output voltage, 1500‐W rated power (500 W each module), and switching frequency at 30 kHz.
Inhibition of proteasomal deubiquitinases USP14 and UCHL5 overcomes tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance in chronic myeloid leukaemia
Authors: Jiang Liling , He Qingyan , Chen Xin , Liu Aochu , Ding Wa , Zhang Haichuan , Chen Xinmei , Zhou Huan , Meng Yi , Liu Bingyuan , Peng Guanjie , Wang Chunyan , Liu Jinbao , Shi Xianping
Published: September 2022

Background

Chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) is a haematological cancer featured by the presence of BCR‐ABL fusion protein with abnormal tyrosine kinase activation. Classical tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI)‐based therapies are available to patients with CML. However, acquired resistance to TKI has been a challenging obstacle, especially stubborn T315I mutation is the most common cause. Therefore, it is especially urgent to find more effective targets to overcome TKI resistance induced by BCR‐ABLT315I. Proteasomal deubiquitinases (USP14 and UCHL5) have fundamental roles in the ubiquitin‐proteasome system and possess multiple functions during cancer progression.

Methods

The human peripheral blood mononuclear cells were collected to measure the mRNA expression of USP14 and UCHL5, as well as to detect the toxicity effect of b‐AP15. We explored the effect of b‐AP15 on the activity of proteasomal deubiquitinases. We detected the effects of b‐AP15 on BCR‐ABLWT and BCR‐ABLT315I CML cells in vitro and in the subcutaneous tumour model. We knocked down USP14 and/or UCHL5 by shRNA to explore whether these proteasomal deubiquitinases are required for cell proliferation of CML.

Results

In this study, we found that increased expression of the proteasomal deubiquitinase USP14 and UCHL5 in primary cancer cells from CML patients compared to healthy donors. b‐AP15, an inhibitor of USP14 and UCHL5, exhibited potent tumour‐killing activity in BCR‐ABLWT and BCR‐ABLT315I CML cell lines, as well as in CML xenografts and primary CML cells. Mechanically, pharmacological or genetic inhibition of USP14 and UCHL5 induced cell apoptosis and decreased the protein level of BCR‐ABL in CML cells expressing BCR‐ABLWT and BCR‐ABLT315I. Moreover, b‐AP15 synergistically enhanced the cytotoxic effect caused by TKI imatinib in BCR‐ABLWT and BCR‐ABLT315I CML cells.

Conclusion

Collectively, our results demonstrate targeting USP14 and UCHL5 as a potential strategy for combating TKI resistance in CML.
A novel methodology to integrate outcomes regarding perioperative pain experience into a composite score: Prediction model development and validation
Authors: Jiang Bailin , Liu Yanhong , Wu Yaqing , Mi Weidong , Feng Yi
Published: September 2022

Background

An integrated score that globally assesses perioperative pain experience and rationally weights each component has not yet been developed.

Methods

A development dataset specific to adult Chinese patients undergoing orthopaedic surgery was obtained from PAIN OUT (1985 qualified patients of 2244). A more recent validation dataset obeying the same conditions was obtained from the Chinese Anaesthesia Shared‐database Platform (1004 qualified patients of 1032). Outcomes were assessed using the International Pain Outcomes Questionnaire (IPO‐Q), which comprises key patient‐level outcomes of perioperative pain management, including pain experience and perceptions of care. Using principal component analysis and regression models, a composite score (CS) was inferred to integrate pain experience. The discrimination of the CS for dissatisfaction and desire for more pain treatment was compared with that of the worst pain score.

Results

A CS was developed from the 12 items of the IPO‐Q regarding pain experience. The weight for calculating the CS was worst pain 11, least pain 17, time spent in severe pain 11, interference with activity in bed 9, interference with breathing deeply or coughing 10, interference with sleep 9, anxiety 12, helplessness 12, nausea 0, drowsiness 2, itch 5 and dizziness 2. In external validation, the CS indicated superior discrimination to the worst pain in predicting dissatisfaction (p < 0.001) and desire for more pain treatment (p < 0.001).

Conclusions

This study introduced a methodology to integrate outcomes regarding perioperative pain experience into a CS, which was based on the weight of each item.

Significance

This novel methodology sheds additional light on the riveting issue of carefully integrating several measures into a composite endpoint, which may be useful for quality improvement purposes when addressing the impact of a change in clinical practice.
Immunogenicity of two doses of inactive COVID‐19 vaccine and third booster dose mRNA vaccine in patients with cancer receiving active systemic therapy
Authors: Guven Deniz Can , Incesu Fatma Gul Gulbahce , Yildirim Hasan Cagri , Erul Enes , Chalabiyev Elvin , Aktas Burak Yasin , Yuce Deniz , Arik Zafer , Kilickap Saadettin , Aksoy Sercan , Erman Mustafa , Hayran Kadir Mutlu , Unal Serhat , Alp Alpaslan , Dizdar Omer
Published: September 2022

We aimed to evaluate the seroconversion rates after two doses of inactive COVID‐19 vaccine (CoronaVac) and the benefit of a third dose mRNA vaccine booster in patients with cancer receiving active treatment. Patients with solid tumors receiving active treatment (n = 101) and patients with no‐cancer (n = 48) as the control group were included in the study. All the patients and controls had received two doses of CoronaVac and a third booster dose of the mRNA vaccine (Bnt162b2). Anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 Spike Receptor Binding Domain IgG antibody levels after the second and third dose were measured with quantitative ELISA. The median age of the patients was 66 (IQR 60‐71). 79% of the patients were receiving chemotherapy, and 21% were receiving immunotherapy at the time of vaccination. Antibody levels measured after two doses of CoronaVac were significantly lower in patients with cancer than in the control group (median 0 μg/ml [IQR 0‐1.17 μg/ml] vs median 0.91 μg/ml [IQR 0‐2.24 μg/ml], respectively, P = .002). Seropositivity rates were 46.5% in patients with cancer and 72.9% in the control group (P = .002). Antibody measurement was performed in 26 patients after the third dose. Seroconversion rate increased from 46.5% to 88.5% (P < .001), and the antibody titers significantly increased with the third‐dose booster (median 0 μg/ml [IQR 0‐1.17 μg/ml] after two doses vs 12.6 μg/ml [IQR 1.8‐69.1 μg/ml] after third booster dose, P < .001). Immunogenicity of CoronaVac is low in patients with cancer receiving active treatment, and administering a third dose of an mRNA vaccine is effective in terms of improving seroconversion rates.