bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Weak-anisotropy moveout approximations for P-waves in homogeneous layers of monoclinic or higher anisotropy symmetries
Authors: Farra Véronique , Pšenčík Ivan , Jílek Petr
Published: February 2016

We have used so-called weak anisotropy (WA) parameterization as an alternative to the parameterization of generally anisotropic media by a stiffness tensor. WA parameters consist of linear combinations of normalized stiffness-tensor elements controlling various seismic signatures; hence, they are theoretically extractable from seismic data. They are dimensionless and can be designed to have the same order of magnitude. WA parameters, similarly to Thomsen-type parameters, have a clear physical interpretation. They are, however, applicable to anisotropy of any symmetry, strength, and orientation. They are defined in coordinate systems independent of the symmetry elements of the studied media. Expressions using WA parameters naturally simplify as the anisotropy becomes weaker or as the anisotropy symmetry increases. We expect that, due to these useful properties, WA parameterization can potentially provide a framework for seismic data processing in generally anisotropic media. Using the WA parameterization, we have derived and tested approximate P-wave moveout formulas for a homogeneous layer of up-to-monoclinic symmetry, underlain by a horizontal reflector coinciding with a symmetry plane. The derived traveltime formulas represent an expansion of the traveltime with respect to (small) WA parameters. For the comparison with standard moveout formulas, we expressed ours in the common form of nonhyperbolic moveout, containing normal moveout velocity and a quartic coefficient as functions of the WA parameters. The accuracy of our formulas depends strongly on the deviation of ray- and phase-velocity directions (controlled by the deviation of the ray and phase velocities). The errors do not generally increase with increasing offset, nor do they increase with decreasing anisotropy symmetry. The accuracy of our formulas is comparable with, or better than, the accuracy of commonly used formulas.
3D seismic image processing for faults
Authors: Wu Xinming , Hale Dave
Published: February 2016

Numerous methods have been proposed to automatically extract fault surfaces from 3D seismic images, and those surfaces are often represented by meshes of triangles or quadrilaterals. However, extraction of intersecting faults is still a difficult problem that is not well addressed. Moreover, mesh data structures are more complex than the arrays used to represent seismic images, and they are more complex than necessary for subsequent processing tasks, such as that of automatically estimating fault slip vectors. We have represented a fault surface using a simpler linked data structure, in which each sample of a fault corresponded to exactly one seismic image sample, and the fault samples were linked above and below in the fault dip directions, and left and right in the fault strike directions. This linked data structure was easy to exchange between computers and facilitated subsequent image processing for faults. We then developed a method to construct complete fault surfaces without holes using this simple data structure and to extract multiple intersecting fault surfaces from 3D seismic images. Finally, we used the same structure in subsequent processing to estimate fault slip vectors and to assess the accuracy of estimated slips by unfaulting the seismic images.
Phase decomposition
Authors: Castagna John , Oyem Arnold , Portniaguine Oleg , Aikulola Understanding
Published: February 2016

Any seismic trace can be decomposed into a 2D function of amplitude versus time and phase. We call this process phase decomposition, and the amplitude variation with time for a specific seismic phase is referred to as a phase component. For seismically thin layers, phase components are particularly useful in simplifying seismic interpretation. Subtle lateral impedance variations occurring within thin layers can be greatly amplified in their seismic expression when specific phase components are isolated. For example, the phase component corresponding to the phase of the seismic wavelet could indicate isolated interfaces or any other time symmetrical variation of reflection coefficients. Assuming a zero-phase wavelet, flat spots and unresolved water contacts may show directly on the zero-phase component. Similarly, thin beds and impedance ramps will show up on components that are 90° out of phase with the wavelet. In the case of bright spots caused by hydrocarbons in thin reservoirs because these occur when the reservoir is of an anomalously low impedance, it is safe to assume that the brightening caused by hydrocarbons occurs on the component [Formula: see text] out of phase with the wavelet. Amplitudes of other phase components associated with bright reflection events, resulting perhaps from differing impedances above and below the reservoir, thus obscure the hydrocarbon signal. Assuming a zero-phase wavelet, bright-spot interpretation is thus greatly simplified on the [Formula: see text] phase component. Amplitude maps for the Teal South Field reveal that the lateral distribution of amplitudes is greatly different for the original seismic data and the [Formula: see text] phase component, exhibiting very different prospectivity and apparent areal distribution of reservoirs. As the impedance changes laterally, the interference pattern for composite seismic events also changes. Thus, waveform peaks, troughs, and zero crossings, may not be reliable indicators of formation top locations. As the waveform phase changes laterally due to lateral rock properties variations, the position of a formation top on the waveform also changes. By picking horizons on distinct phase components, this ambiguity is reduced, and more consistent horizon picking is enabled.
Changes in extra-striatal functional connectivity in patients with schizophrenia in a psychotic episode
Authors: Peters Henning , Riedl Valentin , Manoliu Andrei , Scherr Martin , Schwerthöffer Dirk , Zimmer Claus , Förstl Hans , Bäuml Josef , Sorg Christian , Koch Kathrin
Published: February 2016

Background

In patients with schizophrenia in a psychotic episode, intra-striatal intrinsic connectivity is increased in the putamen but not ventral striatum. Furthermore, multimodal changes have been observed in the anterior insula that interact extensively with the putamen.

Aims

We hypothesised that during psychosis, putamen extra-striatal functional connectivity is altered with both the anterior insula and areas normally connected with the ventral striatum (i.e. altered functional connectivity distinctiveness of putamen and ventral striatum).

Method

We acquired resting-state functional magnetic resonance images from 21 patients with schizophrenia in a psychotic episode and 42 controls.

Results

Patients had decreased functional connectivity: the putamen with right anterior insula and dorsal prefrontal cortex, the ventral striatum with left anterior insula. Decreased functional connectivity between putamen and right anterior insula was specifically associated with patients' hallucinations. Functional connectivity distinctiveness was impaired only for the putamen.

Conclusions

Results indicate aberrant extra-striatal connectivity during psychosis and a relationship between reduced putamen–right anterior insula connectivity and hallucinations. Data suggest that altered intrinsic connectivity links striatal and insular pathophysiology in psychosis.
Eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing therapy v. stabilisation as usual for refugees: randomised controlled trial
Authors: ter Heide F. Jackie June , Mooren Trudy M. , van de Schoot Rens , de Jongh Ad , Kleber Rolf J.
Published: February 2016

Background

Eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing (EMDR) therapy is a first-line treatment for adults with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Some clinicians argue that with refugees, directly targeting traumatic memories through EMDR may be harmful or ineffective.

Aims

To determine the safety and efficacy of EMDR in adult refugees with PTSD (trial registration: ISRCTN20310201).

Method

In total, 72 refugees referred for specialised treatment were randomly assigned to 12 h of EMDR (3×60 min planning/preparation followed by 6×90 min desensitisation/reprocessing) or 12 h (12×60 min) of stabilisation. The Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS) and Harvard Trauma Questionnaire (HTQ) were primary outcome measures.

Results

Intention-to-treat analyses found no differences in safety (one severe adverse event in the stabilisation condition only) or efficacy (effect sizes: CAPS –0.04 and HTQ 0.20) between the two conditions.

Conclusions

Directly targeting traumatic memories through 12 h of EMDR in refugee patients needing specialised treatment is safe, but is only of limited efficacy.
Split top: A maternal cathepsin B that regulates dorsoventral patterning and morphogenesis
Authors: Langdon Yvette G. , Fuentes Ricardo , Zhang Hong , Abrams Elliott W. , Marlow Florence L. , Mullins Mary C.
Published: February 2016

The vertebrate embryonic dorsoventral axis is established and patterned by Wnt and BMP signaling pathways, respectively. While Wnt signaling establishes the dorsal side of the embryo and induces the dorsal organizer, a BMP signaling gradient patterns tissues along the dorsoventral axis. Early Wnt signaling is provided maternally, while BMP ligand expression in the zebrafish is zygotic, but regulated by maternal factors. Concomitant with BMP activity patterning dorsoventral axial tissues, the embryo also undergoes dramatic morphogenetic processes, including the cell movements of gastrulation, epiboly, and dorsal convergence. Although the zygotic regulation of these cell migration processes is increasingly understood, far less is known of the maternal regulators of these processes. Similarly, the maternal regulation of dorsoventral patterning is poorly understood, and in particular the maternal control of ventral tissue specification. We identified split top, a recessive maternal-effect mutant that disrupts embryonic patterning upstream of endogenous BMP signaling. Embryos from split top mutant females exhibit a dorsalized embryonic axis, which can be rescued by BMP misexpression or by derepressing endogenous BMP signaling. In addition to dorsoventral patterning defects, split top mutants display morphogenesis defects that are both BMP dependent and independent. These morphogenesis defects include incomplete dorsal convergence, delayed epiboly progression, and an early lysis phenotype during gastrula stages. The latter two morphogenesis defects are associated with disruption of the actin and microtubule cytoskeleton within the yolk cell and defects in the outer enveloping cell layer, known mediators of epiboly movements. Through chromosomal mapping and RNA sequencing analysis, we identified the lysosomal endopeptidase, cathepsin Ba (ctsba) as the gene deficient in split top embryos. Our results identify a novel role for Ctsba in morphogenesis and expand our understanding of the maternal regulation of dorsoventral patterning.
Mushroom body defect is required in parallel to Netrin for midline axon guidance in Drosophila
Authors: Cate Sophie , Gajendra Sangeetha , Alsbury Samantha , Raabe Thomas , Tear Guy , Mitchell Kevin J.
Published: February 2016

The outgrowth of many neurons within the central nervous system is initially directed towards or away from the cells lying at the midline. Recent genetic evidence suggests that a simple model of differential sensitivity to the conserved Netrin attractants and Slit repellents is not sufficient to explain the guidance of all axons at the midline. In the Drosophila embryonic ventral nerve cord, many axons still cross the midline in the absence of the Netrin genes or their receptor frazzled. Here we show that mutation of mushroom body defect (mud) dramatically enhances the phenotype of Netrin or frazzled mutants, resulting in many more axons failing to cross the midline, though mutations in mud alone have little effect. This suggests that mud, which encodes a microtubule-binding coiled-coil protein homologous to NuMA and Lin-5, is an essential component of a Netrin-independent pathway that acts in parallel to promote midline crossing. We demonstrate that this novel role in axon guidance is independent of Mud's previously described role in neural precursor development. These studies identify a parallel pathway controlling midline guidance in Drosophila and highlight a novel role for Mud potentially acting downstream of Frizzled to aid axon guidance.
Antagonism between Gdf6a and retinoic acid pathways controls timing of retinal neurogenesis and growth of the eye in zebrafish
Authors: Valdivia Leonardo E. , Lamb Dayna B. , Horner Wilson , Wierzbicki Claudia , Tafessu Amanuel , Williams Audrey M. , Gestri Gaia , Krasnow Anna M. , Vleeshouwer-Neumann Terra S. , Givens McKenzie , Young Rodrigo M. , Lawrence Lisa M. , Stickney Heather L. , Hawkins Thomas A. , Schwarz Quenten P. , Cavodeassi Florencia , Wilson Stephen W. , Cerveny Kara L.
Published: February 2016

Maintaining neurogenesis in growing tissues requires a tight balance between progenitor cell proliferation and differentiation. In the zebrafish retina, neuronal differentiation proceeds in two stages with embryonic retinal progenitor cells (RPCs) of the central retina accounting for the first rounds of differentiation, and stem cells from the ciliary marginal zone (CMZ) being responsible for late neurogenesis and growth of the eye. In this study, we analyse two mutants with small eyes that display defects both during early and late phases of retinal neurogenesis. These mutants carry lesions in gdf6a, a gene encoding a BMP family member previously implicated in dorsoventral patterning of the eye. We show that gdf6a mutant eyes exhibit expanded retinoic acid (RA) signalling and demonstrate that exogenous activation of this pathway in wild-type eyes inhibits retinal growth, generating small eyes with a reduced CMZ and fewer proliferating progenitors similar to gdf6a mutants. We provide evidence that RA regulates the timing of RPC differentiation by promoting cell cycle exit. Furthermore, reducing RA signalling in gdf6a mutants re-establishes appropriate timing of embryonic retinal neurogenesis and restores putative stem and progenitor cell populations in the CMZ. Together, our results support a model by which dorsally expressed gdf6a limits RA pathway activity to control the transition from proliferation toward differentiation in the growing eye.
Reelin and cofilin cooperate during the migration of cortical neurons: A quantitative morphological analysis
Authors: Chai Xuejun , Zhao Shanting , Fan Li , Zhang Wei , Lu Xi , Shao Hong , Wang Shaobo , Song Lingzhen , Failla Antonio Virgilio , Zobiak Bernd , Mannherz Hans G. , Frotscher Michael
Published: February 2016

In reeler mutant mice deficient in Reelin the lamination of the cerebral cortex is disrupted. Reelin signaling induces phosphorylation of LIM kinase 1, which phosphorylates the actin-depolymerizing protein cofilin in migrating neurons. Conditional cofilin mutants show neuronal migration defects. Thus, both Reelin and cofilin are indispensable during cortical development. To analyze the effects of cofilin phosphorylation on neuronal migration we used in utero electroporation to transfect E14.5 wild-type cortical neurons with pCAG-EGFP plasmids encoding either for a nonphosphorylatable form of cofilin (cofilinS3A), a pseudophosphorylated form (cofilinS3E) or wild-type cofilin (cofilinwt). Wild-type controls and reeler neurons were transfected with pCAG-EGFP. Real-time microscopy and histological analyses revealed that overexpression of each, cofilinwt, cofilinS3A, and cofilinS3E, induced migration defects and morphological abnormalities of cortical neurons. Of note, reeler neurons, cofilinS3A- and cofilinS3E-transfected neurons showed aberrant backward migration towards the ventricular zone. Overexpression of cofilinS3E, the pseudophosphorylated form, partially rescued the migration defect of reeler neurons as did overexpression of LIM kinase1. Collectively, the results indicate that Reelin and cofilin cooperate in controlling cytoskeletal dynamics during neuronal migration.
Mitochondrial functions of RECQL4 are required for the prevention of aerobic glycolysis-dependent cell invasion
Authors: Kumari Jyoti , Hussain Mansoor , De Siddharth , Chandra Suruchika , Modi Priyanka , Tikoo Shweta , Singh Archana , Sagar Chandrasekhar , Sepuri Naresh Babu V. , Sengupta Sagar
Published: February 2016

Germline mutations in RECQL4 helicase are associated with Rothmund-Thomson syndrome, which is characterized by a predisposition to cancer. RECQL4 localizes to the mitochondria, where it acts as an accessory factor during mitochondrial DNA replication. To understand the specific mitochondrial functions of RECQL4, we created isogenic cell lines, in which the mitochondrial localization of the helicase was either retained or abolished. The mitochondrial integrity was affected due to the absence of RECQL4 in mitochondria, leading to a decrease in F1F0-ATP synthase activity. In cells where RECQL4 does not localize to mitochondria, the membrane potential was decreased, whereas ROS levels increased due to the presence of high levels of catalytically inactive SOD2. Inactive SOD2 accumulated owing to diminished SIRT3 activity. Lack of the mitochondrial functions of RECQL4 led to aerobic glycolysis that, in turn, led to an increased invasive capability within these cells. Together, this study demonstrates for the first time that, owing to its mitochondrial functions, the accessory mitochondrial replication helicase RECQL4 prevents the invasive step in the neoplastic transformation process.
Characterization of the mammalian family of DCN-type NEDD8 E3 ligases
Authors: Keuss Matthew J. , Thomas Yann , Mcarthur Robin , Wood Nicola T. , Knebel Axel , Kurz Thimo
Published: February 2016

Cullin-RING ligases (CRL) are ubiquitin E3 enzymes that bind substrates through variable substrate receptor proteins and are activated by attachment of the ubiquitin-like protein NEDD8 to the cullin subunit. DCNs are NEDD8 E3 ligases that promote neddylation. Mammalian cells express five DCN-like (DCNL) proteins but little is known about their specific functions or interaction partners. We found that DCNLs form stable stoichiometric complexes with CAND1 and cullins that can only be neddylated in the presence of a substrate adaptor. These CAND–cullin–DCNL complexes might represent ‘reserve’ CRLs that can be rapidly activated when needed. We further found that all DCNLs interact with most cullin subtypes, but that they are probably responsible for the neddylation of different subpopulations of any given cullin. This is consistent with the fact that the subcellular localization of DCNLs in tissue culture cells differs and that they show unique tissue-specific expression patterns in mice. Thus, the specificity between DCNL-type NEDD8 E3 enzymes and their cullin substrates is only apparent in well-defined physiological contexts and related to their subcellular distribution and restricted expression.
Direito Administrativo — Importância e Necessidade do seu Estudo
Authors: Montezuma Conselheiro
Published: February 2016

Importância do estudo do Direito Administrativo — Direito Privado e Direito Público — A Constituição e as leis ordinárias — O Poder executivo — Administração discricionária — Hierarquia administrativa — A criação da cátedra de Direito Administrativo
Conceito do Direito Administrativo
Authors: Melo Osvaldo A. Bandeira de
Published: February 2016

Organização jurídica do Estado. Direito Constitucional. Outros ramos do direito. Ação legislativa e executiva do Estado. Função jurisdicional; Crítica da separação das funções do Estado. Direito Administrativo.
Igualdade de Todos Perante a Lei
Authors: Campos Francisco
Published: February 2016

Primazia da cláusula de igualdade perante a lei — Latitude do princípio — Sua obrigatoriedade para o legislador — Subordinação do princípio de legalidade ao de constitucionalidade — A tese contrária de Anschütz; refutação de Stier-Somlo, Kaufmann, Triepel, W. Jellinek e Schimitt — Inconsistência dos argumentos de Anschütz — Aplicação do princípio da igualdade dos direitos, coisas e fatos — Conceito de lei como disposição de caráter geral — O “Estado de Direito” e o conceito de lei — Conceito formal de lei — Conceito de lei na Constituição brasileira de 1946 — A impossibilidade de discriminações arbitrárias, garantia máxima da declaração constitucional de direitos.
Ação Direta de Inconstitucionalidade 2.240-7 Bahia
Authors: Grau Eros
Published: February 2016

Supremo Tribunal Federal
Discurso Proferido Pelo Ministro Celso de Mello, em Nome do Supremo Tribunal Federal, na Solenidade de Posse do Ministro Gilmar Mendes, na Presidência do Supremo Tribunal Federal, em 23/04/2008
Authors: Mello Celso de
Published: February 2016

Supremo Tribunal Federal.
A constitucionalidade do exame de ordem
Authors: Binenbojm Gustavo , Brandão Rodrigo
Published: February 2016

A análise da função e da validade do exame de ordem — objeto deste artigo — está ligada, de forma umbilical, à exata compreensão da evolução do ensino jurídico brasileiro. Somente através dessa incursão histórica podem ser identificadas importantes razões pelas quais o ensino do direito no Brasil, desde as suas origens, assumiu um caráter generalista, e se manteve contrário a mudanças, apesar das demandas de uma sociedade crescentemente complexa. Naturalmente, a maior complexidade das relações sociais exige do profissional do direito uma formação mais interdisciplinar e prática que, sem prejuízo da formação geral, qualifique o advogado. À vista da índole generalista de boa parte dos cursos de bacharelado, a especialização exigida pelo mercado tende a ser obtida cada vez mais no desempenho da profissão e nos cursos de extensão.Tal análise histórica evidenciará que a postura omissa do poder público em supervisionar a qualidade do ensino superior — convenientemente respaldada por uma duvidosa profissão de fé nas leis impessoais do mercado — permitiu a profusão endêmica de cursos de ensino superior, sobretudo no âmbito das ciências sociais, cujos custos tendem a ser bem mais baixos do que os suportados pelas ciências exatas, com sérios prejuízos à qualificação profissional dos formados. Deve-se, ainda, salientar o caráter falacioso do argumento de que haveria um bis in idem entre as funções fiscalizatórias do MEC e da OAB; além de incidirem sobre áreas diversas (faculdades de direito e advogados, respectivamente), tais funções se reforçam mutuamente com para desconstruir uma secular cultura de complacência com a má qualidade do ensino superior.Tais fatores permitem a conclusão, largamente compartilhada nos meios jurídicos e educacionais, de que boa parte das faculdades de direito não provê aos seus estudantes a formação teórica, prática e especializada que os desafios da sociedade brasileira contemporânea exigem do advogado, afigurando-se o exame de ordem, tal qual regulamentado e aplicado atualmente, absolutamente necessário para a concretização do dever constitucional de garantia da qualificação profissional.
A participação da sociedade civil nas decisões das agências reguladoras: mitos e desafios
Authors: Asensi Felipe Dutra
Published: February 2016

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O controle da administração judicial
Authors: Falcão Joaquim , Lennertz Marcelo , Rangel Tânia Abrão
Published: February 2016

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Notas sobre o direito constitucional pós-moderno, em particular sobre certo neoconstitucionalismo à brasileira
Authors: Ferreira Filho Manoel Gonçalves
Published: February 2016

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Supremo Tribunal Federal - Inconstitucionalidade da Lei de Imprensa: Arguição de Descumprimento de Preceito Fundamental no 130/DF*
Authors: Ayres Britto Carlos
Published: February 2016

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Competência da Anvisa e a regulamentação da propaganda
Authors: Ferraz Junior Tercio Sampaio
Published: February 2016

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Censura judicial à imprensa no Brasil: autorregulação e maturidade democrática
Authors: Silva Carlos Eduardo Lins da
Published: February 2016

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Agências, expertise e profissionalismo: o paradigma da técnica na administração pública
Authors: Moura Emerson Affonso da Costa
Published: February 2016

A irradiação do paradigma da expertise das agências reguladoras na ação administrativa, como instrumento apto para atribuir racionalidade, eficiência e legitimidade à persecução do interesse público, é o tema em debate a partir da perspectiva da crise de governabilidade e legitimidade que marcam o Estado contemporâneo, da ascensão da sociedade informacional e da transmutação do modelo burocrático tradicional para uma gestão profissional moderna na administração pública gerencial. Investiga-se em que medida o predomínio de conhecimentos técnicos no exercício da discricionariedade administrativa e na gestão da administração pública é capaz de dotar com eficiência e economicidade o desempenho das tarefas estatais.     The irradiate of the paradigm of expertise from agency to administrative process, as an instrument capable to attribute rationality, efficiency and legitimacy to public interest persecution, is the theme in debate from to perspective of crisis of governability and legitimacy that marks the contemporary state, the ascension of informational society and the transmutation of traditional burocrate model to an modern professional management in the new public management. Investigate in how measure, the predominance of technical knowledge in the exercise of administrative discretionary and the public management is capable to endow with efficiency and economist the performance of state tasks.
Discricionariedade administrativa das autoridades reguladoras e aplicação das normas punitivas
Authors: Neto Diogo de Figueiredo Moreira
Published: February 2016

O artigo examina a politização das decisões econômicas no âmbito do direito administrativo. Trata da flexibilização das escolhas administrativas, que deriva da impossibilidade de a lei prever todos os aspectos a serem tratados pela administração pública. Tal fato surgiu da existência de três aberturas: conceitos jurídicos indeterminados; discricionariedade administrativa e regulação. Assim, surge a necessidade de processos decisórios abertos para atuarem como limites.   This article examines the politicization of economic decisions in the administrative law. Deals with flexibility in the administrative choices, with derivates from the impossibility of law foresee all the aspects to be treated by the public administration. This fact comes from the existence of three apertures: undetermined law concepts; administrative discretion and regulation. Thus, arise the necessity of open decision-making process to actuate as limits.
Coisa julgada e controle incidental de constitucionalidade
Authors: Filho José dos Santos Carvalho
Published: February 2016

O artigo faz considerações a respeito do controle de constitucionalidade e do instituto da coisa julgada, apresentando os efeitos decorrentes do controle incidental de constitucionalidade sobre o instituto da coisa julgada.   This article raises questions about the control of constitutionality and the institute of res judicata, showing the effects of incidental control of constitutionality on the institution of res judicata.
Mecanismo de priorização: o caso dos procedimentos administrativos de cartel no mercado de revenda de combustíveis
Authors: Ragazzo Carlos Emmanuel Joppert
Published: February 2016

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"Monopólio" e "serviço público" nas constituições brasileiras (1891-1934)
Authors: Loureiro Gustavo Kaercher
Published: February 2016

No presente estudo o autor procura traçar os sentidos dos termos “monopólio” e “serviço público” nas duas primeiras Constituições republicanas, em razão da importância que tiveram para a determinação dessas duas figuras em nossas Constituições seguintes. O resultado que emerge dessa análise é que — diferentemente do entendimento doutrinário atual — os serviços públicos e os monopólios não configuravam duas categorias jurídicas apartadas, mas, antes, espécies de um mesmo gênero, o das atividades reservadas.  In the present article, the author intends to define the meaning of the terms “monopoly” and “public service” in the two first republican Constitutions — which should be carefully analyzed, regarding such issues, because of their influence in our subsequent Constitutions. The result that arises from such analysis is that — differently from current legal doctrine — public services and monopolies were not understood as two separate legal categories, but, rather, as species of a same gender — that of the reserved activities.
Autorregulação supervisionada pelo Estado: desenvolvimento de um sistema de corregulação para o mercado de corretagem de seguros, resseguros, capitalização e previdência complementar aberta
Authors: Santanna Luciano Portal
Published: February 2016

A autorregulação visa atender a interesses corporativos, tais como a melhoria da imagem da categoria perante o público consumidor, a sociedade e o Estado e a inibição de práticas de concorrência desleal, mas também pode atender a interesses públicos, na medida em que colabora com o Estado no aprimoramento do sistema regulatório e na promoção da defesa dos interesses do consumidor. A autorregulação supervisionada pelo Estado induz a adoção de boas práticas de governança coorporativa, com o escopo de evitar o excesso de corporativismo, a falta de transparência e de rigor disciplinar, normalmente verificados nas demais formas de autorregulação. Esse modelo, inserido num sistema de corregulação público-privado, já é utilizado no Brasil no mercado de valores mobiliários e recentemente foi previsto na Lei Complementar no 137/2010 e pela Resolução no 233/2011 do Conselho Nacional de Seguros Privados também para o mercado de corretagem de seguros, resseguros, capitalização e previdência complementar aberta, no qual entidades autorreguladoras atuarão em auxílio e sob a supervisão da Superintendência de Seguros Privados (Susep).     The self-regulation is designed to serve the corporate interests, such as the improvement of the image of the category for the consumer public, society and the State and the inhibition of practices of unfair competition, but it can also serve the public interests, to the extent that collaborates with the State in the improvement of the regulatory system and to promote the interests of consumers. The self-regulation supervised by the State induces the adoption of good corporative governance practices, with the scope of the avoidance of excessive corporate nature, the lack of transparency and disciplinary rigor, normally found in other forms of self-regulation. This model, inserted in a system of reconciling public and private sectors, is already used in Brazil in the security market and recently was laid down in Complementary Law no 137/2010 and Resolution no 233/2011 of the National Council for Private Insurance also for the market of insurance broking, reinsurance, capitalization and complementary pension open, in which self-regulation entities shall serve in aid and under the supervision of the Superintendence of Private Insurance (Susep).
Marco regulatório e repartição de competências no setor de gás
Authors: Silva Virgílio Afonso da , Coutinho Diogo Rosenthal
Published: February 2016

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A proteção da ordem econômica no setor de telecomunicações: atuação da Agência Nacional de Telecomunicações (ANATEL)
Authors: Ragazzo Carlos Emmanuel Joppert
Published: February 2016

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A afetação de bens ao serviço público. O caso das redes
Authors: Ortiz Gaspar Ariño
Published: February 2016

O presente trabalho aborda o princípio da afetação de bens ao serviço público, a partir do caso das redes. Discute as especificidades do uso de redes virtuais e sua regulação como bem público. O tema assume relevância para o direito público nacional, haja vista os inúmeros casos envolvendo o compartilhamento de bens reversíveis afetados por serviço público concedido ao setor privado e regulado por entidades independentes.   The present work discusses the affectation principle of goods to public service from the case of networks. Discusses the specificities of the use of virtual networks and their regulation as a public good. The theme is relevant to the national public law given the numerous cases involving the sharing of reversible goods affected by public service to the private sector and regulated by independent entities.
Democracia e contrapoderes
Authors: Neto Diogo de Figueiredo Moreira
Published: February 2016

Este artigo contextualiza as atuais manifestações sociais que desafiam a ordem pública em diversos países. Por mais avançada que seja determinada ordem jurídica, ela só será suficiente para prevenir desordens sociais se estiver dotada dos adequados meios democráticos. Tais meios devem assegurar o emprego de permanentes e eficientes canais de comunicação institucionais abertos aos cidadãos, de modo a levarem os seus interesses aos órgãos do Estado para que lhes deem resposta. Tais como garantir ao cidadão liberdade de acesso aberto e dialógico com órgãos de decisão. Esta é a pergunta que se impõe à teoria constitucional contemporânea.   This article is contextualized by the current social disorder that threatens public policy in many countries. Though a legal system is advanced it will never be enough to prevent political manifestations if it does not have the adequate democratic means. Such means must assure the use of permanent and efficient institutional channels open to citizens, so that they may be able to communicate their interests and demand a response from the State. How to guarantee the citizen open access to a dialogue with the decision-making authorities is a question that must be examined by contemporary constitutional theory.
A análise da (in)constitucionalidade no processo administrativo fiscal
Authors: Lukic Melina Rocha
Published: February 2016

Apesar da Constituição Federal de 1988 garantir o acesso e a ampla defesa em processo administrativo fiscal para a discussão de créditos tributários, os órgãos designados para tal fim têm se eximido da apreciação da constitucionalidade de leis e atos normativos infralegais sob a alegação de que tal atribuição é exclusiva do Poder Judiciário. O objetivo do presente artigo é, portanto, fixar premissas para a análise da questão verificando: a) se a administração pública pode exercer atividade jurisdicional, b) se os julgadores administrativos podem efetuar o controle difuso de constitucionalidade e c) se podem aplicar e interpretar o ordenamento jurídico de forma parcial, sem considerar os ditames da Constituição Federal.   Although the Federal Constitution of 1988 ensure the access in an administrative fiscal process to discuss the tax credit, the bodies designated for this purpose have been exempted from the examination of the constitutionality of laws and other normative acts. The aim of this paper is to analyze: a) if the administration can exercise judicial activity, b) if the administrative judges can make the diffuse control of constitutionality and c) if they can apply and interpret the laws partially, regardless of the dictates of the Constitution.
Autorregulação profissional: a constitucionalidade do exame da Ordem
Authors: Aurélio Ministro Marco
Published: February 2016

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Interpretações administrativas aderem à lei?
Authors: Sundfeld Carlos Ari , Souza Rodrigo Pagani de , Jurksaitis Guilherme Jardim
Published: February 2016

O artigo analisa como a literatura do direito administrativo vem, ao longo do tempo, tratando a discussão sobre se os costumes (as práticas administrativas) são fonte de direito. Além disso, defende a tese de que a interpretação consolidada pela prática tem de ser considerada parte da própria lei interpretada, para fins da análise da validade dos atos, contratos e processos produzidos durante a vigência da interpretação consolidada. Por fim, o artigo sustenta que, embora, em tese, interpretações consolidadas possam ser revistas para os casos futuros, o intérprete que pretenda alterá-las tem um ônus argumentativo suplementar: o de analisar empiricamente as consequências das interpretações consolidadas, provando de modo forte que, no mundo real, essas consequências são negativas. Assim, a motivação que pode levar a uma nova interpretação, contrária à consolidada, não pode ser de caráter exclusivamente abstrato.   The article analyses how administrative law theory has been, throughout the times, treating the discussion about whether custom (or administrative practices) is a source of law. Moreover, it defends the thesis that a longstanding statutory interpretation, consolidated by administrative practices, must be considered as a part of the interpreted statute, for the purpose of analyzing the validity of acts, contracts and processes produced while the longstanding interpretation was in force. Finally, the article argues that, although in theory longstanding interpretations can be revised for future cases, the interpreter who intends to revise them has a supplemental argumentative burden: the one of empirically analyzing the consequences of the longstanding interpretation, proving in a strong way that, in the real world, those consequences are, or have been, negative. In this manner, the motivation that can lead to a new, opposing interpretation to the longstanding one, cannot be of an exclusively abstract character.
Aumento dos custos rivais na concorrência
Authors: Campilongo Celso Fernandes
Published: February 2016

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A possibilidade de constituição da Associação Brasileira de Reciclagem de Eletrodomésticos e Eletrônicos
Authors: Luis Alessandro Octaviani
Published: February 2016

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Conversão em pecúnia de férias de magistrados, quando impossível a sua fruição
Authors: Souza Junior Antonio Umberto de , De Sá José Adonis , Falcão Joaquim
Published: February 2016

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Introdução: governança global e direito administrativo global na ordem legal internacional
Authors: Krisch Nico , Kingsbury Benedict
Published: February 2016

A globalização e o surgimento da governança global estão transformando a estrutura do direito internacional, muito embora essas transformações ocorram num plano abaixo da ordem legal internacional e não sejam, frequentemente, noticiadas. Partindo de uma perspectiva do clássico direito internacional baseado no relacionamento entre Estados, a governança global pode, todavia, simplesmente aparecer como um aumento na quantidade de instrumentos legais internacionais, algumas vezes, combinada com fortes mecanismos de aplicação e acompanhada de algumas mudanças no procedimento de celebrar tratados. Neste artigo, primeiro esboçamos resumidamente as orientações das hipóteses subjacentes à ideia de direito administrativo global. Após, examinamos minuciosamente alguns temas nos vários artigos, para separar por semelhança as diferentes contribuições sobre potencial normativo e problemas do direito administrativo global. Por fim, procuramos aproximar, de acordo com as análises apresentadas pelos autores, que na maioria dos casos são especialistas na área do direito ou defendem posição diferente do tradicional direito internacional, alguns desafios que a regulamentação governamental dos mercados globais e a emergência de um espaço administrativo global podem apresentar para o padrão de relacionamento entre Estados, modelado com base no consenso do direito internacional.   Globalization and the rise of global governance are transforming the structure of international law, though much of this transformation takes place beneath the surface of the international legal order and often goes unnoticed. From the perspective of classical, inter-state, consentbased international law, global governance may still appear merely as a quantitative increase in international legal instruments, sometimes coupled with stronger enforcement mechanisms and accompanied by some changes in procedures of treaty-making. In this article, we first outline briefly the guiding assumptions underlying the idea of a global administrative law. Then, we canvass some themes in the various papers by distilling approaches the different contributors take to the normative potential and problems of global administrative law. Finally, we seek to draw from the analyses presented by the contributors, who in most cases are specialists in fields of law or politics other than traditional international law, some challenges that the regulatory governance of global markets and the emergence of a global administrative space may pose to standard inter-state, consent-based models of international law.
Marco civil ou demarcação de direitos? Democracia, razoabilidade e as fendas na internet do Brasil
Authors: Thompson Marcelo
Published: February 2016

O chamado “Marco Civil da Internet no Brasil” (Projeto de Lei nº 2.126 de 2011) estabelecerá, para a internet brasileira, um regime de tutela da liberdade de expressão fundado na dinâmica da Primeira Emenda à Constituição dos Estados Unidos da América — conferindo à liberdade de expressão proteção superior àquela conferida a outros direitos da personalidade. O presente artigo discute as situações de colisão entre a liberdade de expressão e outros direitos da personalidade, em particular o direito à honra, como um paradigma do pensar constitucional do Marco Civil. Em o fazendo, o artigo questiona a adequação do Marco Civil à jurisprudência recente do Supremo Tribunal Federal (STF) sobre liberdade de expressão e compara a dinâmica de responsabilidade civil que o Marco Civil estabelece com aquela em vigor na União Europeia, em geral, e no Reino Unido, em particular (por questões que o artigo identifica). Colisões entre a liberdade de expressão e o direito à honra são, em geral, “hard cases”, de forma que o foco particular aqui dedicado a elas apresenta potencial de generalização. O artigo argumenta que o Marco Civil, ao veladamente separar direitos da personalidade em grupos distintos, e ao, na prática, neutralizar direitos como honra, vida privada e direitos da criança e do adolescente, cria demarcações irrazoáveis e incompatíveis com as possibilidades democráticas do mundo contemporâneo. O artigo aponta uma solução concreta para o problema.   The so-called ‘Civil Rights Framework for the Internet in Brazil’ (Bill n. 2.126/2011) lays down, for the Brazilian Internet, a regime of protection of freedom of expression that is founded on the dynamics of the First Amendment to the United States’ Constitution. It places freedom of expression in a position of superiority with regard to other personality rights. This article discusses the situations of collision between freedom of expression and other personality rights, in particular the right to reputation, as a paradigm of the constitutional thinking behind the Civil Framework. In doing so, the article questions whether the Civil Framework is compatible with recent decisions of the Brazilian Supreme Court on freedom of expression, and it compares the dynamics of civil liability established by the Civil Framework with that in force in the European Union, in general, and the United Kingdom, in particular (for reasons the article identifies). Collisions between freedom of expression and the right to reputation are, in general, “hard cases”, and thus a particular focus on them is a good candidate for generalization. This article claims that the Civil Framework, in implicitly separating personality rights in distinct groups, and, in fact, in neutralizing rights such as as reputation, private life and children’s rights, creates unreasonable demarcations which are also incompatible with the democratic possibilities of contemporary societies. The article suggests a concrete solution to such a problem.
As transformações do Estado Regulador
Authors: Majone Giandomenico
Published: February 2016

A regulação, seus modos, níveis e escopos foram sendo revistos e lapidados através do tempo e pelas circunstâncias. Este artigo discute as formas como a mesma foi pensada, gerida, praticada e implementada. Expõe as falhas, acertos, evoluções e novas abordagens da área, principalmente na Europa e nos Estados Unidos. O autor, para tanto, alude a pensamentos de estudiosos relevantes na matéria em questão, como os economistas da Escola de Chicago, e a inúmeros códigos inerentes ao processo de regulação como a Freedom of Information Act (Foia) (Lei sobre Liberdade de Informação) e a lei Interstate Commerce Act (Lei de Comércio entre Países).   The regulation, its modes, levels and scopes had been reviewed and shaped through the time and circumstances. This article discusses the ways it has been thought, managed, practiced and implemented. It exposes failures, things did right, evolutions and new approaches in the area, mainly in Europe and The USA. This way, the author alludes to relevant scholar’s thoughts in the present matter, as the economists from Chicago School, inter alia, and to various rules intrinsic to the regulatory process as, for example, the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) and the Interstate Commerce Act.
A Evolução da Proteção do Equilíbrio Econômico-Financeiro nas Concessões de Serviçoes Públicos e nas PPPs
Authors: Aragão Alexandre Santos de
Published: February 2016

O presente artigo trata da evolução que a proteção do equilíbrio econômico- financeiro vem sofrendo nos últimos anos, na doutrina, na praxe administrativa e no direito positivo, com foco nas concessões de serviços públicos comuns da Lei no 8.987/1995 e, paralelamente, nas concessões administrativas e patrocinadas da Lei das PPPs.   This article deals with the evolution of protection of economic and financial balance in recent years in doctrine, administrative praxis, and positive law, focusing on public service concessions as regulated by Law 8.987/1995 and, at the same time, in the administrative concessions and sponsored concessions of the PPP Law.
Leituras sobre o Atual Quadro das Agências Reguladoras no Brasil. Algumas Experiências Internacionais Comparativas para o Exame da Sustentabilidade Brasileira Indicada pela Constituição Federal
Authors: Araújo Sarah Maria Linhares de , Oliveira Edson Luciani de
Published: February 2016

As agências reguladoras e assemelhadas no Brasil recebem um tratamento que tenta sistematizar seu estudo perante a realidade nacional. Entretanto, as chamadas modernas Agências Reguladoras foram criadas para responder a problemas históricos diferentes em relação às agências estrangeiras. A ideia deste estudo é colher experiências estrangeiras e, em certa medida, confrontá-las com a realidade brasileira, uma vez que a mesma reflete situações similares em face dos países latino-americanos. Entende-se que o caráter científico do direito não será ferido, caso se faça tal comparação histórico-normativa. O papel do jurista também será cumprido com a análise da eficácia dos comandos normativos constitucionais relacionados à sustentabilidade e seus novos problemas.   Regulatory agencies and similar in Brazil receive a treatment that attempts to systematize their study on the national reality. However, modern regulatory agencies were created to respond to different historical problems regarding foreign agencies. The idea of this study is to collect foreign experience and, to some extent, confront them with the Brazilian reality since it reflects similar situations facing the Latin American countries. It is understood that the scientific character of the Law will not be hurt if it makes such comparison historical norms. The role of the jurist also be fulfilled with the analysis of the effectiveness of normative constitutional commands related to sustainability and its new problems.