bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Optical Zone Decentration Following FS-LIKE and SMI-LIKE for Correcting Hyperopia
Authors: Liu Shengtao , Zhang Xiaoxue , Yu Lanhui , Li Meiyan , Zhou Xingtao
Published: March 2022

PURPOSE:

To investigate optical zone decentration following femtosecond laser–assisted lenticule intrastromal keratoplasty (FS-LIKE) or small incision lenticule intrastromal keratoplasty (SMI-LIKE) for correcting hyperopia.

METHODS:

This study analyzed decentration values obtained from optical coherence tomography (OCT) and tangential topography difference maps of 23 eyes (18 patients) undergoing FS-LIKE (n = 12) or SMI-LIKE (n = 11) via the concentric centration method. Total higher order aberrations (HOAs) and component aberrations were measured preoperatively and 6 months postoperatively.

RESULTS:

The mean optical zone decentration was 0.27 ± 0.08 and 0.39 ± 0.16 mm for the FS-LIKE and SMI-LIKE groups, respectively (
P
= .039). A significant difference was noted in lenticule decentration between the two groups (0.18 vs 0.37 mm), whereas no significant difference was observed in stromal bed (pocket) decentration between the two groups (0.10 vs 0.12 mm). Six months after surgery, the spherical equivalent showed a reduction of 6.14 ± 2.44 and 6.10 ± 1.79 diopters (D) for the two groups, respectively (
P
= .971), whereas the surgically induced astigmatism was 0.68 ± 0.49 and 1.56 ± 0.78 D for the two groups, respectively (
P
= .004). Furthermore, induction of HOAs in the SMI-LIKE group was significantly larger than that in the FS-LIKE group (
P
= .013).

CONCLUSIONS:

FS-LIKE can yield improved treatment centration and less induction of total HOAs.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2022;38(3):184–190.]
Extended Depth of Focus Versus Monofocal IOLs in Patients With High Myopia: Objective and Subjective Visual Outcomes
Authors: Pedrotti Emilio , Neri Enrico , Bonacci Erika , Barosco Guido , Galzignato Alice , Montresor Andrea , Rodella Anna , De Gregorio Alessandra , Bosello Francesca , Marchini Giorgio
Published: March 2022

PURPOSE:

To compare the objective and subjective outcomes between the extended depth of focus (EDOF) Mini Well intraocular lens (IOL) and the aspheric monofocal Mini-4-Ready IOL (both SIFI S.p.A.) in patients with high myopia.

METHODS:

In this prospective comparative study, 40 patients with high myopia (axial length ≥ 26 mm) were enrolled: 20 patients were bilaterally implanted with the EDOF Mini Well IOL (EDOF group) and 20 patients were bilaterally implanted with the Mini-4-Ready IOL (monofocal group). Three-month follow-up data included corrected and uncorrected distance visual acuity at 4 m and 80, 67, and 40 cm, defocus curves, subjective and objective contrast sensitivity, objective optical quality (calculated with Optical Quality Analysis System; Visiometrics SL), halometry, and reading performance. Subjective visual quality was evaluated with National Eye Institute Refractive Error Quality of Life Instrument 42 scores.

RESULTS:

All visual acuities were significantly better in the EDOF group (
P
⩽ .04) except monocular and binocular uncorrected and corrected distance visual acuities for distance (
P
≥ .50). Defocus curves for myopic and hyperopic values were better in the EDOF group (
P
⩽ .05), apart from +0.50 to −0.50 D (
P
≥ .16). Contrast sensitivity curves was worse in the EDOF group in the mesopic-with-glare condition (
P
⩽ .04). No differences were found in halometric values (
P
≥ .15) and OQAS outcomes (
P
≥ .47). National Eye Institute Refractive Error Quality of Life Instrument 42 subscale scores were better for expectation, near vision, activity limitations, and dependence on correction in the EDOF group (
P
⩽ .04).

CONCLUSIONS:

Intermediate and near visual acuities were better in the EDOF group than in the monofocal group, with a comparable visual quality index between groups.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2022;38(3):158–166.]
Hypopyon and White Cataract Due to an Intraocular Helminth
Authors: Wai Karen M. , Rossin Elizabeth J. , Delgado-Tirado Santiago , Cadorette James J. , Boody Rick P. , Rodriguez Marianeli , Kim Leo A.
Published: March 2022

We describe a case of a 29-year-old man with a history of intravenous drug use and vague history of eye trauma who presented with a hypopyon and white cataract in the right eye. He underwent pars plana vitrectomy and lensectomy; his anterior chamber aspirate revealed a single helminth on calcofluor stain. We suspect that his helminth infection may be secondary to unsanitary eating and drinking practices. As overall hygiene and dietary habits have improved during the years, parasitic helminth infections are relatively rare in nonendemic areas, especially in the nonpediatric population.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2022;53:168–171.]
Two Cases of
Cutibacterium acnes
(
C acnes
) Endophthalmitis Manifesting With Unusual Epiretinal Deposits
Authors: Rossin Elizabeth J. , Tieger Marisa , Rao Narsing A. , O'Hearn Thomas M. , Eliott Dean , Wu David M.
Published: March 2022

This article describes two cases of delayed-onset
Cutibacterium acnes
(
C acnes
) endophthalmitis 1 month after cataract surgery manifesting with unusual epiretinal deposits. Both patients were referred for persistent inflammation after cataract surgery. After failing to respond to a vitreous tap with injection of antibiotics, the patients underwent pars plana vitrectomy and in one of the cases partial posterior capsulectomy for a posterior capsular plaque. Intraoperatively, both cases were found to have unusual multifocal epiretinal deposits. The clinical presentations described here represent a highly unique manifestation of
C acnes
endophthalmitis distinct from the classic anterior segment findings.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2022;53:164–167.]
The Quantification and Impact of Persistent Retinal Fluid Compartments on Best-Corrected Visual Acuity of Patients With Retinal Vein Occlusion
Authors: Muste Justin C. , Iyer Amogh I. , Kalur Aneesha , Talcott Katherine E. , Singh Rishi P.
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

To evaluate the impact of persistent intraretinal fluid (IRF) and subretinal fluid (SRF) on best visual acuity (BVA) of patients with retinal vein occlusions (RVOs).

PATIENTS AND METHODS:

This retrospective cohort study observed 92 treatment-naïve patients with RVO during 12 months of treatment with anti–vascular endothelial growth factor agents. Deep learning was used to quantify IRF and SRF volumes, and linear mixed effects regression modeled the impact on BVA.

RESULTS:

Average IRF volume declined −923.1 ± 2,382.5 nL from baseline to 12 months (
P
< .001). Average SRF volume declined −35.4 ± 223.4 nL from baseline to 12 months (
P
= .139). linear mixed effects regression modeling disclosed IRF≥ 1,616 nL at all time points predicted a −10.38 letter loss at 12 months (95% CI, −14.58 to −5.9 letters;
P
< .001). A similar relationship was not found for SRF.

CONCLUSION:

Persistent IRF may be an important prognostic biomarker for BVA outcomes in real-world patients with RVO.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2022;53:139–147.]
On analytic semigroup generators involving Caputo fractional derivative
Authors: Grabowski Piotr
Published: March 2022

Our investigations are motivated by the well - posedness problem of some dynamical models with anomalous diffusion described by the Caputo spatial fractional derivative of order \begin{document}$ \alpha \in (1, 2) $\end{document}. We propose a characterization of an exponentially stable analytic semigroup generator using the inverse operator. This characterization enables us to establish the form of a generator involving the Caputo fractional derivative, under various boundary conditions. In particular, the results simplify those known from literature obtained by means of the fractional Sobolev spaces and some perturbation results. Going further, we show how to construct a control system in factor form, having such a generator as the state operator.
La sociologie des sociologues
Authors: Piriou Odile
Published: March 2022

Depuis 30 ans, la sociologie a connu des bouleversements radicaux : création d’un cursus d’enseignement universitaire, de revues, de laboratoires et d’associations ; constitution d’un corps d’experts et diversification des débouchés professionnels. En bien des domaines, la sociologie s’est donc professionnalisée à l’instar d’autres disciplines. Mais ce processus a suivi une tendance bien précise : la sociologie est devenue une profession en misant essentiellement sur son « segment » académique. Elle a organisé et valorisé les activités de sociologie en se conformant au modèle de la science. La formule scientifique, pour laquelle la sociologie a opté, pose de multiples questions quant à ses conséquences sur la formation, la définition du métier, l’accès à l’emploi et au titre universitaire. Comment se définit le sociologue de cette fin de siècle en France ? Quels sont les processus qui le conduisent à affirmer une identité à la croisée des chemins entre science et pratique ? Comment cette identité s’affirme-t-elle à travers la diversité des cursus universitaires et professionnels ? Et au-delà, quels rapports les diplômés entretiennent-ils avec leur formation ? Voici quelques-unes des questions auxquelles répondra cet ouvrage qui repose sur une enquête menée auprès d’une cohorte de diplômés. En situant ses propos théoriques dans le contexte renouvelé de la sociologie des professions américaine, l’auteur livre un travail d’enquête et de réflexion qui contribue à la connaissance sociologique de la sociologie. Un objet d’étude étrangement peu exploré jusqu’alors.
La politique islandaise piratée ?
Authors: Cordier Lionel
Published: March 2022

Depuis 2008, l’Islande a été le théâtre de plusieurs crises politiques majeures. Suite à la crise économique et à la démission du gouvernement, des élections anticipées ont placé pour la première fois dans l’histoire du pays une coalition de gauche au pouvoir en avril 2009. Plus récemment, au printemps 2016, les scandales des « Panama Papers » ont fortement touché la classe politique islandaise et le gouvernement formé par le Parti du progrès et le Parti de l’indépendance, entre-temps revenus aux affaires en 2013. Mais ces évènements sont les symptômes de changements bien plus profonds dans la vie politique islandaise, que l’émergence du Parti pirate islandais permet de mieux éclairer. Né trois ans après la « révolution des casseroles », ce parti bénéficie toujours d’une grande popularité et a obtenu un nombre de sièges important aux dernières élections parlementaires d’octobre 2016, bien que pas autant qu’il était anticipé. En couplant un discours à vocation internationale sur les enjeux du Web et de la transparence à un discours sur les défis socioéconomiques de l’Islande, le parti semble avoir attiré de larges franges de l’électorat jeune et populaire. Il bénéficie également des spécificités sociales et politiques de l’île, moins touchée par la montée des droites radicales que le reste de l’Europe du Nord.
Le livre XI des Métamorphoses d’Apulée ou du platonisme aux Oracles chaldaïques
Authors: Bakhouche Béatrice
Published: March 2022

Le dernier livre des Métamorphoses d’Apulée pose maints problèmes d’interprétation : quel lien ces dernières pages, d’une tout autre tonalité que le reste du roman, entretiennent-elles avec ce qui précède et avec les textes – philosophiques – de l’auteur ? quelle lecture donner des rites isiaques ? des trois initiations successives ? C’est à ces questions que nous chercherons à répondre en convoquant l’héritage platonicien mais aussi les Oracles Chaldaïques.The last book of Apuleius’ Metamorphoses raises many interpretation problems: what link do these last pages, of a completely different tone from the rest of the novel, have with the preceding parts and with the author’s – philosophical – texts ? What reading should be given to the isiatic rites and the three successive initiations? These are the questions that we will try to answer by invoking the Platonic heritage but also the Chaldaean Oracles.
BIM and Asset Management (AM) Interoperability Towards the Adoption of Digital Twins
Authors: Farghaly Karim , Hagras Ahmed Nasr
Published: March 2022

Digital Twin (DT) is seen as the new shift paradigm for digital transformation in the post-pandemic-built environment sector. Learning from the implementation of Building Information Modelling (BIM) for Asset Management (AM), there are recurring themes that the interoperability challenge is the key barrier to firstly overcome. The absence of a critical overview of issues and research related to BIM-AM interoperability, is hindering the achievement of sustainable and effective integration between the two systems. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to review and analyse the trends and overview of the BIM-AM interoperability publications, identifies and classifies the major research topics on BIM-AM interoperability and finally, proposes future research interoperability directions for DT initiative adoption. To achieve the research aim, a systematic review of the work done to achieve interoperability using a wide range of digital technologies published between 2010 and 2020 related to the interoperability challenges between BIM, and AM and real-time data sources was conducted.
An Empirical Study of the Factors of Teleworking and the Moderating Effect of Work Colleague Support
Authors: Choi Youngkeun
Published: March 2022

The purpose of the present study was to examine the relationships between motivation factors and attitude towards teleworking and explore the moderating effect of work colleague support on that relationship. For this, the present study collected data from 343 IT professionals in South Korean through a survey method. In the results, first, employees who perceived more advantages accruing from teleworking to themselves have a more favorable attitude towards teleworking. And, employees who perceived more disadvantages accruing from teleworking to themselves will have a less favorable attitude towards teleworking. Second, negative relationship between disadvantages of teleworking and attitude towards teleworking is weaker for participants who get more work colleague support rather than less one. However, work colleague support was found to have no significance on the relationship between advantages of teleworking and attitude towards teleworking.
A Study of the Relationship Between Workplace Violence and Online Dating
Authors: Choi Youngkeun
Published: March 2022

The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of organizational politics on employees’ online dating behavior and how it influences their job satisfaction and organizational citizenship behavior. And this study explores if the leader-member exchange can moderate the relationship between organizational politics and online dating behavior. For this, it collected data from 305 employees in Korean companies through a survey method and uses SPSS 18.0 for hierarchical regression analysis for the hypothesis test. In the results, first, organizational politics increases online dating behavior. Second, online dating behavior decreases each relevant factor of job satisfaction and organizational citizenship behavior. Third, online dating behavior plays the mediating roles between organizational politics and each relevant factor of job satisfaction/organizational citizenship behavior. Finally, affect among the sub-factors of leader-member exchange decrease the effect of organizational politics on online dating behavior.
Ontology-Based Knowledge Modelling for Food Supply Chain Data Representation
Authors: Ouf Shimaa
Published: March 2022

There has been a lack of common data management and encoding standards, as well as an inability to connect products to the many stages of their transformation process. This paper proposes a Food Supply Chain Ontology to help in the management of food traceability at various phases of the supply chain, from the extraction of raw materials to the delivery of goods to customers. Traceability has the potential to be a game-changer in the industry since it is inextricably linked to product safety and quality. Integrating the semantic web into the food supply chain enhances planning, forecasting, productivity, and competitiveness. Most of the research papers concentrate on conveying knowledge about one food type while neglecting the other food categories. Furthermore, these articles did not represent knowledge about all stages of the food supply chain. This paper proposes and implements a food supply chain ontology. During the management of the entire food supply chain stages, the suggested ontology describes all types of food products.
An Efficient Signcryption Scheme Using Near-Ring Hybrid Approach for an IoT-Based System
Authors: Kumar V. Vinoth , Muthukumaran V. , Ashwini N. , Beschi I.S. , Gunasekaran K. , Niveditha V.R.
Published: March 2022

Signcryption is a cryptographic primitive which combines both the functions of digital signature and public key encryption logically in a single step, with a computational cost significantly less than the traditional signature-then-encryption approach. Signcryption is another approach to accomplish secrecy and validation simultaneously across Internet of Things (IoT). Numerous signcryption schemes have been created and executed , but it uses different security attributes and computational cost. In this paper, introducing a new signcryption scheme whose security relies on the intractability of combination of the Twisted Root Extraction Problem (TREP) and Conjugacy Search Problem (CSP) which can utilised for IoT based system for secure transferring of data. It is applied over an IoT to upgrade the security of information and its confidentiality. Experiment shows that modified signcryption algorithm outperforms than existing approaches.
Applying Service-Dominant Logic and Conversation Management Principles to Social Robotics for Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Arora Anshu Saxena , Parnell Chevell , Arora Amit
Published: March 2022

Anthropomorphism in social robots amplifies the big five human personality traits (extraversion, conscientiousness, neuroticism, openness to experience, and agreeableness), consequently aiding with the social motivation needs of consumers (especially individuals with autism spectrum disorder or ASD). According to the social motivation theory of autism, consumers with ASD show deficits in orienting toward social stimuli, engaging with humans, and maintaining social relations. Robotic anthropomorphism has been found to be positively related to the big five human personality types and robot likeability in human-robot interaction (HRI) situations. This research focuses on the conversational approach of social robotics using service-dominant approach. Conversation-based perspectives have been studied extensively in organizational and management literature; however, these perspectives have not been utilized in the context of social robots, HRI, and autism.
Modeling and Analyzing Trellis-Coded Modulation on Power Line Communication Systems
Authors: Hosseinpour Ali , Montasari Reza
Published: March 2022

Power Line channels present a very harsh environment for high speed data transfer which degrades the data transmission. Using proper channel coding can enhance the data transmission over PLC systems. The purpose of using channel coding is to encode the information transmitted over communication channel in such a way that in presence of other interferences and noise, the error can be detected and possibly corrected. This paper investigates the Bit Error Rate (BER) performance of PLC systems based on Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM), in presence of Middleton class A noise, and applying Trellis Coded Modulation (TCM) / Rectangular Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) TCM as a channel coding. Simulations are undertaken in Matlab 2013b. The obtained results illustrates that although trellis codes produce improvements in the SNR in presence of Additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN), they do not perform well with multipath power line channel and Middleton class A noise. Therefore the Rectangular QAM TCM has been used to enhance the results.
Using UTAUT for Blockchain Assessment
Authors: Mangle Andrew
Published: March 2022

With over 1,000 public and private Blockchains (coinmarketcap.com, 2020), an acceptance model can facilitate an objective and comparative assessment of existing and future solutions. The novelty of this paper is a new methodology of assessing blockchains using the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) (Venkatesh et al., 2003) alongside the distinguishing characteristics of blockchain implementations: trust, utility, and support. The paper distinctly aggregates existing approaches to present a concise assessment model. The distinguishing characteristics of trust, utility, and support in the context of UTAUT are beneficial for comparing and evaluating the myriad of blockchain implementations. The research encourages the examination of existing and future solutions using the UTAUT-focused attributes. The study has broader implications for blockchain solutions by providing contextual constructs necessary for acceptance and use.
Comparing the Behaviour of Two Topic-Modelling Algorithms in COVID-19 Vaccination Tweets
Authors: Bignell Jordan Thomas , Chantziplakis Georgios , Daneshkhah Alireza
Published: March 2022

Coronavirus is a newly developed infectious disease that has triggered a pandemic due to its ease of transmission as of early 2020. Several groups from various countries have been working on a vaccine to prevent and avoid the spread of the virus in this outbreak. In this article, the main objective is to compare LDA against LSA to gain a better understanding of the Tweets and which Topic Modelling technique fits best for this task, additionally if the feedback of the Tweets were positive or negative sentiment. It was concluded that LDA was a better-unsupervised technique for categorizing the raw text in 12 topics.
A Case Study of Tourism in North Carolina State Parks Using Google Trends
Authors: Scott Aaron Bradley
Published: March 2022

The purpose of this study is to examine available innovative technologies as a means to forecast visitors to the North Carolina State Park system. The research will use Google Trends as the innovative technology and using the data from Google search queries to measure relationship from searches to visitors. This examination will include literature review and data collection methods. Furthermore, the quantitative measures will include the Pearson Correlation Coefficient (Pearson) and Time-Series Linear Modeling (TSLM), which accounts for seasonal and trending values. The data from the state parks were provided by the Public Information Office of the North Carolina Division of Parks and Recreation. Additionally, the search query data was collected from Google Trends. Two locations within the Appalachian Mountains of western North Carolina were selected due to the exclusivity of the locations and to capture visit behavior in search queries. Those locations are Mount Mitchell State Park and Grandfather Mountain State Park.
Acculturation Matters?
Authors: Liang Xiaoyan , Sendjaya Sen , Zheng Leven J. , Abeysekera Lakmal
Published: March 2022

Despite the increasing participation of Chinese immigrant professionals in Australian workplace, they are still underrepresented in senior leadership positions and their perspectives have been overlooked in management and leadership research. Drawing on the literature on acculturation and leadership, this study explores the acculturation experiences of Chinese immigrant professionals (CIPs) and in turn their leadership perceptions, relative to a comparison group of Chinese Professionals (CPs) in China. We found that CIPs’ acculturation experiences influence their perceptions of ethics and respect for authority, but not their preference for participative decision making. Our study highlights the dynamic relationship between acculturation and key leadership issues from a follower’s perspective for immigrant professionals with a Chinese background. It extends current understanding of the cognitive outcomes of acculturation and has strong implications for cross-cultural leadership competency training, talent management and diversity and inclusion of minority workers.
International Inclusive Innovation of Entrepreneurial Firms
Authors: Wang Xiao , Zheng Leven J. , Li Peter Ping , Dong Jianing
Published: March 2022

Although inclusive innovation has been regarded as a process according to prior studies, this complex process remains relatively under-researched, particularly when the process is successfully completed by entrepreneurial firms from emerging economies. This paper therefore seeks to explore, from a holistically dynamic view, how inclusive innovation process of entrepreneurial firms evolves in the “Bottom of the Pyramid” (BOP) markets. Based on the multi-dimensional details of a Chinese entrepreneurial firms conducting inclusive innovation in African BOP market, this exploratory case study suggests that inclusive innovation information management consists of three important consecutive stages: BOP market gap identification, market cultivation, and intensive market developing. We also unexpectedly reveal that the key capabilities in these three stages are distinctive.
The Client and Service Provider Relationship in IT Outsourcing Project Success
Authors: Al-Azad Md. Samim , Mohiuddin Muhammad , Su Zhan
Published: March 2022

The role of organizational attitude for an effective knowledge sharing (KS) in IT outsourcing (ITO) relationships has not been adequately addressed. In this paper, we investigate the relationship between KS and ITO success as well as the potential moderating effect of organizational attitude on the relationship between KS and partnership quality in ITO. By leveraging structural equation modeling (SEM) on survey data from 153 ITO projects, results show that organizational attitudes significantly influence knowledge sharing and partnership quality, which in turn, results in successful ITO project. Moreover, the relationship between knowledge sharing and partnership quality is more pronounced when the partner firms have positive attitudes to KS. We further showed that partnership quality mediates the relationship between knowledge sharing and the success of an ITO project. Finally, the results of this study indicate that positive organizational attitude improves knowledge sharing between the client and service providers (i.e vendors), and creates stronger outsourcing partnerships.
Chlorzoxazone Alleviates Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis via Inhibiting IL-6 Secretion of Dendritic Cells
Authors: Lv Jie , Han Mengyao , Xiang Zhenglong , Gong Ran , Shi Changjie , Hua Qiuhong , Zhang Ru , Du Changsheng
Published: March 2022

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating autoimmune disease with chronic inflammatory demyelination of the CNS. Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is an important animal model to study MS, with many pathological phenomena similar to MS. Th17 cells are important regulators of EAE and MS pathogenesis. Most cytokines needed for Th cell development are secreted by APCs, such as dendritic cells (DCs). Consequently, MS could be improved by inhibiting cytokine secretion from DCs. In this study, we reported that chlorzoxazone could ameliorate EAE pathogenesis via inhibiting IL-6 production by DCs. The EAE signs in the chlorzoxazone-treated group of mice were relieved, which was mainly manifested as lower clinical scores, a decrease in the number of immune cells, and a reduction of demyelination in the CNS. Moreover, the proportion of Th17 cells in the spleen and CNS decreased significantly. In vitro experiments showed that chlorzoxazone treatment significantly reduced DC-derived IL-6 production. In the DC–T cell coculture experiment, significantly decreased Th17 differentiation was observed after chlorzoxazone treatment. In addition, mass spectrometric analysis was performed to elucidate the mechanism by which chlorzoxazone affected EAE and DC function. We showed that the effect of chlorzoxazone on inhibiting the secretion of IL-6 by DCs may be mediated via the AMP-activated protein kinase pathway. Overall, our study elucidated the key role of chlorzoxazone in regulating EAE pathogenesis and suggested that it might be used as a new drug for MS patients.
Activated Platelets Upregulate β2 Integrin Mac-1 (CD11b/CD18) on Dendritic Cells, Which Mediates Heterotypic Cell–Cell Interaction
Authors: Nording Henry , Sauter Manuela , Lin Chaolan , Steubing Rebecca , Geisler Sven , Sun Ying , Niethammer Joel , Emschermann Fréderic , Wang Yunmei , Zieger Barbara , Nieswandt Bernhard , Kleinschnitz Christoph , Simon Daniel I , Langer Harald F
Published: March 2022

Recent evidence suggests interaction of platelets with dendritic cells (DCs), while the molecular mechanisms mediating this heterotypic cell cross-talk are largely unknown. We evaluated the role of integrin Mac-1 (αMβ2, CD11b/CD18) on DCs as a counterreceptor for platelet glycoprotein (GP) Ibα. In a dynamic coincubation model, we observed interaction of human platelets with monocyte-derived DCs, but also that platelet activation induced a sharp increase in heterotypic cell binding. Inhibition of CD11b or GPIbα led to significant reduction of DC adhesion to platelets in vitro independent of GPIIbIIIa, which we confirmed using platelets from Glanzmann thrombasthenia patients and transgenic mouse lines on C57BL/6 background (GPIbα−/−, IL4R-GPIbα-tg, and muMac1 mice). In vivo, inhibition or genetic deletion of CD11b and GPIbα induced a significant reduction of platelet-mediated DC adhesion to the injured arterial wall. Interestingly, only intravascular antiCD11b inhibited DC recruitment, suggesting a dynamic DC–platelet interaction. Indeed, we could show that activated platelets induced CD11b upregulation on Mg2+-preactivated DCs, which was related to protein kinase B (Akt) and dependent on P-selectin and P-selectin glycoprotein ligand 1. Importantly, specific pharmacological targeting of the GPIbα–Mac-1 interaction site blocked DC–platelet interaction in vitro and in vivo. These results demonstrate that cross-talk of platelets with DCs is mediated by GPIbα and Mac-1, which is upregulated on DCs by activated platelets in a P-selectin glycoprotein ligand 1–dependent manner.
Therapeutic management of a symptomatic Kaposi’s sarcoma patient with renal failure undergoing haemodialysis: A case report
Authors: Passarelli Anna , Galdo Giovanna , Pellegrino Teresa , Roviello Giandomenico , Aieta Michele , Aviello Gabriella , Conca Raffaele
Published: March 2022

Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS) is a rare inflammation- based vascular cancer involving the skin. The viral aetiology of KS is the Human Herpesvirus 8. KS may be frequently diagnosed in immunosuppressed kidneytransplanted patients, while is less common in patients with dialysis. It is known that various immunological abnormalities can lead to impaired immune status in uremic patients. It is noteworthy that despite the incidence of KS in patients with renal impairment, only few cases have reported efficacy and safety profile of KS targeting anti-cancer drugs in this kidney disease population. Herein, we report the first case of a symptomatic KS patient with renal disease in haemodialysis and focus on its therapeutic management. We also review the main data available from literature regarding the safety of KS therapy in dialysis patients.
A Self-Assessment Model for Hospital Safety Culture Maturity
Authors: Liana Duta , Lestari Fatma , Sutoto Sutoto , Modjo Robiana , Bachtiar Adang
Published: March 2022

Background

Studies on safety culture maturity in health care is very rare, and the existing ones only focus on patients and the use of Manchester Patients Safety Framework (MaPSaF) instrument. The objective of this study is to develop a comprehensive instrument for measuring safety culture maturity in hospitals.

Design and methods

This study used a cross-sectional design with three stages. First, we used secondary data analysis from the Hospital Accreditation Commission. Second, evaluation of primary data obtained from safety climate questionnaire. Third, we did focus group discussions, and in-depth interviews for validation of secondary data and development of DUTA-RS website. We analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) test.

Results

DUTA-RS instrument contains 1,118 elements based on the first edition of the Indonesian Hospital Accreditation National Standard. Its safety culture maturity is at the proactive level (58.0%), with the highest accreditation levels of proactive (50.8%) and generative (48.7%). The variables affecting the safety culture maturity are situational and safety behavior variables, with leadership, risk management, and safety compliance as the strongest indicators. The weakest indicators of climate are organizational learning and communication. The mean value of climate for primary and secondary data is in the good category and showed in proactive level.

Conclusions

The DUTA-RS as a website to measure the safety culture maturity in accredited hospitals by taking the advantage of the existing information technology of hospital accreditation committee as the benchmark enables improvement of SCML in hospitals. Further studies are required for the development of DUTA-RS website.
Exploring Best Practices in Preceptorships: Preceptor Selection
Authors: Rager Huett Jessica L. , Wessel Roger D.
Published: March 2022

Context

Athletic training programs have autonomy to select preceptors based on program objectives. Due to a lack of empirical evidence outlining best practices for graduate programs, program administrators must appraise this themselves. Gaining information on what stakeholders believe is most appropriate when considering clinicians for the role of preceptor may help administrators choose preceptors who are well suited to teach.

Objective

The purpose of this study was to explore stakeholders (ie, preceptors, program directors, clinical education coordinators) beliefs of the ideal qualities of athletic training preceptors.

Design

Hermeneutic phenomenological approach.

Setting

Individual phone interviews.

Patients or Other Participants

Nineteen individuals (10 clinical education coordinators, 7 preceptors, 1 program director, 1 dual-role program administrator; 7.74 ± 6.30 years of experience). Data saturation guided the total number of participants.

Data Collection and Analysis

A semistructured interview guide was used to conduct interviews, which were recorded and transcribed verbatim. Data were analyzed by the primary investigator and coded into themes using the interpretative phenomenological analysis approach. Peer reviews and narrative-accuracy member checks established credibility.

Results

Participants discussed their desire for preceptors to prioritize their role as educator by being committed to teaching and creating abundant experiences for learners. In addition, participants described ideal preceptors as those who practice with professionalism by setting a good example, meeting administrative expectations, and having autonomous experiences beyond their professional degree. Finally, participants discussed preceptors should have the qualities of leaders by possessing a growth mindset, utilizing best practices as they relate to recent literature and evolving clinical skills, and embracing educational advancement.

Conclusions

To promote the best learning environment, preceptors should possess the qualities of an educator, professional, and leader. The findings of this study help inform decisions regarding who may be best suited to serve as preceptor. Future research should investigate what stakeholders believe are ideal components of preceptor development.
Arrow injury through the Floor of the Mouth – How to Proceed
Authors: Dammalapati Pavan Kumar , Dasgupta Chaitali Sen , Das Soumi
Published: March 2022

Although traditional arrow injuries are relatively rare nowadays, we occasionally come across such injuries being reported from remote areas. With the increase in recreational activities with modern arrows in the contemporary era, we should expect arrow injuries even in the urban population. Arrow injuries are managed in a similar manner to other penetrating injuries. Although arrow injuries in different parts of the body have been reported, arrow injury through the floor of the mouth is relatively rare. We describe a case of arrow injury where the arrow entered the floor of the mouth and emerged through the side of the neck posing difficulty in positioning, ventilation and intubation. Proximity to important structures in the neck also contributed to the rarity of this presentation.
Systematic Literature Review of the Management of Transanal Extrusion of Distal Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt Catheter
Authors: Ghritlaharey Rajendra K.
Published: March 2022

Perforation of the colon with or without transanal extrusion of the distal ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS) catheter is a well-known but a serious complication after VPS insertion done for the treatment of hydrocephalus. The objectives were to review the demographics, clinical characteristics, operative procedures performed, postoperative complications, and the final outcome of the published cases, relating to the transanal extrusion of the distal VPS shunt catheter. Electronic database search was performed to retrieve the published/available literature relating to the transanal extrusion of VPS catheter. The manuscripts relating to the above-mentioned complication were retrieved from 1966 to December 2020. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines are followed for this review. This review included 210 cases comprising 142 (67.6%) males and 68 (32.3%) females. In two-third (n = 141) of the cases, the indication for the initial VPS insertion was the congenital hydrocephalus. In 60% of the cases, the initial VPS insertion was done during infancy. In 70% of the cases, the interval from VPS insertion to the diagnosis of transanal extrusion of the distal VPS catheter was within 12 months. Transanal extrusion of the distal VPS catheter was the chief complaint. In two-third of the cases, it was asymptomatic transanal extrusion of distal VPS catheter. In remaining one-third of the cases, it was symptomatic transanal extrusion of the distal VPS catheter, and they had either symptoms relating to the central nervous system or gastrointestinal tract. Three-fourth of the cases were managed by the removal of the entire or the distal VPS catheter with or without external ventricular drainage (EVD). Fifty percent of the above-mentioned complication was managed by doing percutaneous surgical procedures, and another one-third of them were managed by doing laparotomy. Complications were also evident in 16 (7.6%) of the cases during the postoperative period. This review revealed only 6 (2.8%) deaths. Transanal extrusion of the distal VPS catheter occurred across all the age groups. Eighty percent of the complications occurred in children below the age of 10 years. Three-fourth of the cases were managed by the removal of the entire or distal VPS catheter with or without EVD. In three-fourth of the cases, repair of the perforated bowel/colon was not done and that healed spontaneously after the removal of the extruded VPS catheter.
Neurological Manifestations and Mortality in Hospitalized Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients
Authors: Özel Tugba , Erdem Nazan Şimşek , Ünal Ali , Yalçın Ata Nevzat , İnan Dilara , Ilhanli Nevruz , Uysal Hilmi
Published: March 2022

Purpose:

The purpose of the study is to analyze the neurological manifestations and to determine the association between these symptoms and mortality in hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Materials and Methods:

Five hundred and forty-seven hospitalized patients with positive reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction tests for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus in a nasopharyngeal swab were included in this study. The demographic features, laboratory data, and radiologic imaging, neurological symptoms of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 were collected.

Results:

Of 547 hospitalized COVID-19 patients, the median age was 61 (range 18–93), 61.4% were male. Three hundred and forty-seven (63.4%) patients had a severe infection and 200 (36.6%) patients had a mild infection. Eighty-eight patients (16.1%) died during hospitalization. One hundred and fifty-four (28.2%) patients had at least one neurological symptom. Thirty-five (6.4%) patients manifested with only neurological symptoms at hospital admission. The most frequent neurological symptoms were headache (15.2%), taste and smell disorders (9.1%), and myalgia (6.6%). The other initial neurological manifestations were acute cerebral ischemic stroke, impaired consciousness, epileptic seizure, and posterior reversible encephalopathy. The late-onset neurological complications were autoimmune encephalitis and Guillain-Barre syndrome. The neurological manifestation was linked to the severity of disease (P = 0.005) but not correlated with mortality (P = 0.137).

Conclusion:

Neurological symptoms were frequent in COVID-19 patients. The neurological symptoms can be the initial symptoms or can be late-onset complications of COVID-19.
A Gene Expression Clustering Method to Extraction of Cell-to-Cell Biological Communication
Authors: Wang Hui , Sha Yan , Wang Dan , Nazari Hamed
Published: March 2022

Graph-based clustering identification is a practical method to detect the communication between nodes in complex networks that has obtained considerable comments. Since identifying different communities in large-scale data is a challenging task, by understanding the communication between the behaviors of the elements in a community (a cluster), the general characteristics of clusters can be predicted. Graph-based clustering methods have played an important role in clustering gene expression data because of their ability to show the relations between the data. In order to be able to identify genes that lead to the development of diseases, the communication between the cells must be established. The communication between different cells can be indicated by the expression of different genes within them. In this study, the problem of cell-to-cell communication is expressed as a graph and the communication are extracted by recognizing the communities. The FANTOM5 dataset is used to simulate and calculate the similarity between cells. After preprocessing and normalizing the data, to convert this data into graphs, the expression of genes in different cells was examined and by considering a threshold and Wilcoxon test, the communication between them were identified through using clustering.
What’s new in molecular genetic pathology 2022: immune checkpoint inhibitor biomarkers and select solid tumors
Authors: Tsang Patricia C. , Chen Guoli
Published: March 2022

Predictive biomarker testing plays a critical role in targeted immuno-oncology, including the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) for various solid tumors. Molecular advancements in cancers of the breast, kidney and brain have continued to propel tumor classification and precision therapy.
Association of pulmonary arterial pressure with volume status in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
Authors: Hong Tae Hwa , Kim Hyoung Soo , Park Sunghoon
Published: March 2022

Background: Data on pulmonary hemodynamic parameters in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) are scarce.Methods: The associations between pulmonary artery catheter parameters for the first 7 days of ECMO, fluid balance, and hospital mortality were investigated in adult patients (aged ≥19 years) who received venovenous ECMO for refractory ARDS between 2015 and 2017.Results: Twenty patients were finally included in the analysis (median age, 56.0 years; interquartile range, 45.5–68.0 years; female, n=10). A total of 140 values were collected for each parameter (i.e., 7 days×20 patients). Net fluid balance was weakly but significantly correlated with systolic and diastolic pulmonary arterial pressures (PAPs; r=0.233 and P=0.011; r=0.376 and P<0.001, respectively). Among the mechanical ventilation parameters, above positive end-expiratory pressure was correlated with systolic PAP (r=0.191 and P=0.025), and static compliance was negatively correlated with diastolic PAP (r=−0.169 and P=0.048). Non-survivors had significantly higher systolic PAPs than in survivors. However, in multivariate analysis, there was no significant association between mean systolic PAP and hospital mortality (odds ratio, 1.500; 95% confidence interval, 0.937–2.404; P=0.091).Conclusions: Systolic PAP was weakly but significantly correlated with net fluid balance during the early ECMO period in patients with refractory ARDS receiving ECMO.
Tool Wear Classification in Automated Drilling Operations of Aircraft Structure Components using Artificial Intelligence Methods
Authors: Koch Julian , Schoepflin Daniel , Venkatanarasimhan Arvind , Schüppstuhl Thorsten
Published: March 2022

Structural components in fuselage barrels are joined with the help of riveting processes. Concerning the key feature of rivet drill hole size and drilling quality, a poorly executed drilling operation can lead to serious riveting defects such as rivet play or fracture due to non-uniform load distribution. Consequently, the drilling process of a rivet hole and its correct execution is of vast importance for the airworthiness of an aircraft. The condition of the drill used, i.e., the current tool wear, has a direct effect on the quality of the hole. Since conventional approaches, such as changing the tool after a predefined number of process cycles, do not reflect real tool wear, premature wear may occur, resulting in defects. Thus, the online-detection of tool wear for necessitated replacement may indicate a promising future direction in quality control. Since the aircraft industry has a particularly high requirement for defect-free production of structural components, this paper presents a study on the online-detection of tool wear in automated drilling processes using a combination of external sensor technology and Artificial Intelligence methods. For this reason, a laboratory setup to conduct automatic drilling operations in fuselage material is introduced. Two sensor types are utilized to capture the process data that is evaluated by machine learning algorithms. The performance of different machine learning algorithms is measured, and recommendations for action in sensor solutions, and the respective choice of algorithms for this task, are derived. Finally, the results of the study are discussed, and recourse for future work is elaborated upon.