bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Post-9/11 Melancholic Identities: Memory, Mourning and National Consciousness
Authors: Kanwal Aroosa
Published: April 2021

This paper discusses the ways in which Nadeem Aslam’s novels – Maps for Lost Lovers and The Wasted Vigil – highlight the need for a re-conceptualisation of immigrant identity, in post-9/11 world, by linking traumatic experiences of an individual to the collective memory of a community or nation. Taking cue from Sigmund Freud, Judith Butler, Nicolas Abraham and Maria Torok’s concepts of mourning and melancholia, an interface between transnational movement and mourning will be investigated in order to emphasise how private grief becomes a metaphor for public grief. With reference to Aslam’s novels (that are set against the background of post-9/11 rhetoric of war on terrorism), I discuss how an endless process of diasporic nostalgia and mourning interacts with immigrants’ efforts to deal with different ‘others’ in their adopted homelands.
A lei aplicável à análise de validade e interpretação dos acordos de eleição de foro em contratos internacionais no Brasil
Authors: Beltrame de Moura Aline , Hormann Rafaela
Published: April 2021

Resumo: O artigo se propõe a estudar qual a lei aplicável à análise de validade e interpretação dos acordos de eleição de foro no Brasil. Inicia-se demonstrando como a lei aplicável pode interferir diretamente no resultado da apreciação da cláusula de eleição de foro, tanto durante o juízo de validade conduzido pelo magistrado, quanto durante sua interpretação. Após, estuda-se a temática a partir das discussões doutrinárias e jurisprudenciais travadas no âmbito dos Estados Unidos da América. Aplica-se o método indutivo para analisar 62 (sessenta e duas) decisões coletadas nos portais online do Superior Tribunal de Justiça, dos tribunais de justiça de grande porte e do Tribunal de Justiça de Santa Catarina para estabelecer conclusões acerca da lei aplicável à análise de validade e interpretação dos acordos de eleição de foro em contratos internacionais submetidos à jurisdição brasileira. Confirma-se a hipótese de que o Brasil aplica a lex fori para a análise de validade das cláusulas. No que tange à interpretação, os três casos encontrados também aplicam a lex fori, e acredita-se que essa será a tendência dos próximos anos, tendo em vista a dificuldade de legitimação da autonomia da vontade em contratos internacionais no Brasil.Palavras-chave: Direito Internacional; Contratos Internacionais; Eleição de Foro; Lei Aplicável; Validade; Interpretação.Abstract: This paper studies which law is applicable to the analysis of enforceability and interpretation of forum selection agreements in Brazil. First, it demonstrates how the applicable law can directly affect the result of the assessment of forum selection clauses, both during the analysis of validity conducted by the judiciary and during its interpretation. Next, the theme is studied from the discussions held in the United States of America, conducting an examination of the doctrinal debates and local case law. The inductive method is applied, starting from the analysis of 62 (sixty-two) decisions collected in the online portals of the Superior Court of Justice, of the largest state courts of law and in the Court of Justice of Santa Catarina to establish conclusions about the applicable law to the analysis of validity and interpretation of choice of court agreements in Brazil. The hypothesis that Brazil applies the lex fori for determining the enforceability of forum selection agreements is confirmed. Regarding interpretation, the three cases found applied the lex fori, and it is believed that this will be the trend for the upcoming years, given the difficulty in legitimizing party autonomy in international contracts in Brazil.Keywords: International Law; International Contracts; Forum selection; Applicable Law; Enforceability; Interpretation.
Segregação urbana: direitos fundamentais em tempos de pandemia
Authors: Nadim de Lazari Rafael José , Frederico Margraf Alencar , Albuquerque Eduarda
Published: April 2021

Resumo: A pesquisa envolve os impactos da pandemia de Covid-19 sobre os direitos sociais das comunidades vulneráveis do Brasil, tendo como objetivo geral analisar as gerações de direitos fundamentais e os direitos sociais previstos na Constituição Federal de 1988, tais como educação, saúde, alimentação, trabalho e moradia. Como objetivos específicos, o artigo analisará o processo histórico de favelização no Brasil, as propostas governamentais para a solução da questão habitacional, bem como os reflexos da segregação urbana e da pandemia a nível nacional. Para isso, utilizou-se, em prol de seus resultados, o método qualitativo/quantitativo, com o emprego da pesquisa bibliográfica e documental.Palavras-chave: direitos fundamentais; direito à moradia; favelas; segregação urbana; pandemia.Abstract: The research involves the impacts of the Covid-19 pandemic on the social rights of vulnerable communities in Brazil, with the general objective of analyzing the generations of fundamental rights and the social rights provided for in the Federal Constitution, such as education, health, food, work and housing. As specific objectives, the article will analyze the historical process of favelization in Brazil, the governmental proposals for the solution of the housing issue, as well as the reflexes of urban segregation and the pandemic at the national level. For this, the qualitative/quantitative method was used for its results, with the use of bibliographic and documentation research.Keywords: fundamental rights; housing right; slum; urban segregation; pandemic.
El uso de los permisos parentales por los hombres y su implicación en el cuidado de los niños en Europa
Authors: Meil Gerardo
Published: April 2021

En la última década los poderes públicos han fomentado el uso de los permisos parentales por parte de los hombres como un nuevo mecanismo para fomentar la igualdad de género y la no discriminación por razón de maternidad. En este trabajo se analiza a partir de la encuesta europea de condiciones de trabajo de 2005, recurriendo a la submuestra correspondiente a padres de hijos menores de 8 años, si efectivamente el uso de los permisos parentales por los hombres se traduce en una mayor implicación en el cuidado de sus hijos y en el trabajo doméstico. A partir de un análisis de regresión logística en el que se controla por distintas características del trabajo, la situación familiar y el nivel educativo, los resultados confirman que los hombres que han hecho uso del permiso parental en el año previo a la encuesta están más frecuentemente implicados en el cuidado diario de los niños y en la realización del trabajo doméstico que quienes no han hecho uso de esta posibilidad. El uso por los hombres del permiso parental se evidencia así como un mecanismo que promueve su socialización en las tareas de cuidado no remunerado.
Medios de comunicación y violencia contra las mujeres. Elementos de violencia simbólica en el medio televisivo
Authors: Radl Philipp Rita María
Published: April 2021

Este articulo sobre medios de comunicación y violencia sobre las mujeres, trata de modo específico de la relación entre el medio televisivo y los elementos de la violencia simbólica que actúan para con las identidades de género femenino. Partiendo de una aclaración conceptual de los términos violencia de género y violencia contra las mujeres, enfocamos la cuestion de la función ideológicamente regresiva de los medios en relación con las identidades de género femenino y masculino. Como operan de manera sistemática con una sobrerepresentación del protagonismo masculino y una subrepresentación del protagonismo femenino, los medios de comunicación de masas modernos producen en realidad una violencia simbólica contra las mujeres. Finalmente presentamos de forma escueta unos primeros datos empíricos procedentes de una investigación sobre las noticias de la televisión en España.
Pengaruh Pemberian Antibiotik terhadap Tanda Infeksi Daerah Operasi Superfisial dan Lama Tinggal Pasien Sectio Caesaria
Authors: Sumiartini Teulis , Laksmitawati Dian Ratih , Ramadaniati Hesti Utami , Natadidjaja Ronald Irwanto , Asmajaya Rudi
Published: April 2021

LATAR BELAKANG

Standar Nasional Akreditasi Rumah Sakit (SNARS) edisi 1 / 2018 menjadikan kejadian Infeksi Daerah Operasi (IDO) sebagai salah satu indikator mutu untuk menilai kinerja pengendalian infeksi di rumah sakit. Pemberian antibiotik lanjutan paska operasi sectio caesaria (SC) menjadi isu yang penting untuk dikaji, mengingat operasi ini pada dasarnya tidak membutuhkan pemberian antibiotik lanjut paska operasinya. Pemberian antibiotik lanjutan paska operasi SC merupakan penggunaan antibiotik tidak bijak.

 

METODE

Pasien dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok dengan jumlah masing-masing sebesar 49 subjek. Kelompok pertama adalah kelompok subjek yang diberikan antibiotik lanjut paska SC dan kelompok kedua adalah kelompok subjek dengan pemberian antibiotik tidak lanjut paska SC kemudian dari masing-masing kelompok dikaji kemungkinan munculnya tanda IDO dan LOS pasien. Desain penelitian ini adalah kohort retrospektif dengan data sekunder dari rekam medis pasien Januari 2019 - Desember 2019. Uji analisa dengan chi square. Data dianalisa dengan SPSS Statistics.

 

HASIL

Setelah mengontrol variabel perancu, pemberian antibiotik lanjut paska SC tidak signifikan berpengaruh menurunkan kemungkinan munculnya tanda IDO (OR = 0.157; p=0.098; 0.02-1.41 IK95%), juga tidak memiliki pengaruh terhadap LOS pasien (OR=1.73; p=0.562; 0.27-10.85 IK 95%).

    

KESIMPULAN

Tidak terdapat pengaruh dari pemberian antibiotika lanjutan terhadap tanda kejadian IDO dan LOS pada pasien post SC sebelum dan setelah mengontrol variabel perancu. Pemberian antibiotik lanjutan paska SC merupakan pemberian antibiotik yang tidak bijak.
Speckle Tracking Stress Echocardiography on Treadmill in Assessment of the Functional Significance of the Degree of Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Stepanova A. I. , Radova N. F. , Alekhin M. N.
Published: April 2021

Aim        To determine diagnostic capabilities of left ventricular (LV) global longitudinal systolic strain (GLSS) in stress echocardiography (stress-EchoCG) with a treadmill test for diagnosing the functional significance of the degree of coronary stenosis.

Material and methods       The study included 121 patients (73 men aged 68.3±7.7 years) with suspected or previously diagnosed ischemic heart disease (IHD). Speckle-tracking stress-EchCG (method of tracking speckles on two-dimensional gray-scale ultrasonic images) with a treadmill test and coronarography was performed for all patients. The patients were divided into 3 groups based on the severity of coronary artery (CA) stenosis according to the Gensini scale.

Results   LV GLSS at rest did not significantly differ between the study groups. After the exercise, LV GLSS was significantly lower in patients with pronounced CA stenosis than in patients without or with moderate CA stenosis (15.9±4.6 %vs. 20.6±3.7 % (p<0.001) and 19.6±3.0 % (p=0.003), respectively). Postexercise LV GLSS <16.9% suggested a pronounced CA stenosis with a sensitivity of 80% and a specificity of 70% (area under the curve, AUC, 0.76±0.06 at 95 % confidence interval, CI, 0.63–0.89; р<0.001). In the patient group without CA stenosis, LV GLSS showed a significant increase after completion of the exercise (from 19.1±3.1 to 20.6±3.7; p=0.04).

Conclusion           Evaluation of LV GLSS and its dynamics in stress-EchoCG with a treadmill test may be promising in patients with IHD, since in most patients with pronounced CA stenosis, LV GLSS is reduced at baseline and further reduces in response to exercise. In patients without CA stenosis, LV GLSS increases after completing the exercise.
Assessment of Risk Factors for Atherosclerosis in Individuals of Different Categories of Cardiovascular Risk Using the Aterostop Calculator
Authors: Zubareva M. Y. , Malyshev P. P. , Ansheles A. A. , Sergienko I. V.
Published: April 2021

Aim        To analyze first results of using the Aterostop calculator for a comprehensive evaluation of the risk for cardiovascular diseases (CVD).

Material and methods        A cross-sectional study analyzed major and additional risk factors in 460 subjects without apparent disease and in patients with documented CVD of atherosclerotic origin using the application (calculator) Aterostop developed in the National Medical Research Center of Cardiology in Moscow, Russia.

Results   45.4% of evaluated persons belonged to the categories of very high and extreme risk. Age and frequencies of smoking, arterial hypertension, and diabetes mellitus (DM) increased with the increase in risk; the growth of DM was exponential. 129 (28%) individuals used lipid-lowering medications at the time of study. Their plasma levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were significantly lower than in those who did not received this treatment. However, achieving the target level was inversely proportional to the risk: the greatest proportion of individuals who reached the LDL-C target was in the category of low risk and the smallest proportion was in the category of extreme risk (75 %vs. 3.7 %, respectively).

Conclusion            The results obtained with the calculator Aterostop were consistent with earlier reports of insufficient effectiveness of primary and secondary prevention of atherosclerotic CVDs, which requires more tight and fruitful cooperation of the physician and the patient.
Chemotherapy port placement in breast cancer patients in a resource constrained setting: hurdles and outcomes
Authors: Kasliwal Navin Rajendra , Sonawane Satish
Published: April 2021

Background: Safe long-term venous access is essential in cancer undergoing chemotherapy, bone marrow transplant or supportive management in some conditions. Implanted devices are of choice here but under-utilised. Our review focuses on evaluating the reasons for this underutilisation so as to promote the use of chemo port in specific situations.Methods: 245 patients undergoing port placement in a socio-economically constrained zone were analysed with regard to multiple clinical, social and logistical parameters and long-term follow-up assessed.Results: Solid malignancy was the most common indication for port placement followed by hemato-lymphoid cancers. Breast cancers are the commonest solid cancer for Port placement. In our evaluation patients having chemotherapy ports were less worried about the upcoming chemo procedures because of the ease of IV access, resulting in better compliance and quality of life. Cost of the device and absence of expertise for placement and handling were the primary reasons for reluctance of port placement. Port related complications were few, not life threatening, and insignificant in the long term.Conclusions: Placement of a Chemotherapy port is a technique with an easy learning curve and a good safety profile. Procedural and long term complications are few and acceptable. Costs are acceptable in the long term and are beneficial to the patient. This method to needs to be promoted in patients needing long-term venous access. Adequate training will promote acceptance and use of the chemo-port. Clinicians should adopt and offer this for all indicated patients.
Comparative clinical effectiveness and safety of super bioavailable itraconazole and conventional itraconazole in management of dermatophytosis: a retrospective data analysis
Authors: Mahajan Harshal , Dhoot Dhiraj , Deshmukh Gaurav , Barkate Hanmant
Published: April 2021

Background: A newer itraconazole formulation i.e., super bioavailable itraconazole has been launched recently in India which is claimed to overcome all the pharmacokinetic challenges faced with conventional itraconazole. The present retrospective data analysis was undertaken to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of super bioavailable itraconazole in comparison with conventional itraconazole in the treatment of dermatophytosis in Indian patients.

Methods: The present multi-centric, retrospective data analysis was done at 12 dermatological centers across India from July 2020 to December 2020. Medical records of patients of dermatophytosis, who were prescribed with either super bioavailable itraconazole 50 mg twice daily for four weeks or conventional itraconazole 100 mg twice daily for four weeks were included in the study.

Results: 56% patients (n=30) in super bioavailable itraconazole group achieved complete clearance of their symptoms (cured) compared to only 34% patients (n=17) in conventional itraconazole group and this difference was statistically significant (p=0.02). Significantly more patients achieved complete clearance of their lesions in super bioavailable itraconazole-37 patients (69%) compared to conventional itraconazole group-25 patients (49%) at the end of 4 week therapy (p=0.04). The difference in total symptom score (∆TSS) in super bioavailable itraconazole group was more (5.81) as compared to conventional itraconazole group (4.75) (p=0.09). Both the treatment were well tolerated.

Conclusions: From the findings of the present study, super bioavailable itraconazole was more effective with similar safety profile as compared to conventional itraconazole in the treatment of dermatophytosis.
Knowledge-Based Capital in a Set of Latin American Countries: The LA KLEMS-IADB Project
Authors: Benages Eva , Mas Matilde
Published: April 2021

This paper presents the framework and methodology for the economic valuation of the knowledge-based economy in five Latin American (LA) countries, namely Costa Rica, El Salvador, Mexico, Peru and the Dominican Republic, for which a new database (IDB-Ivie, 2020) has recently been released. It uses an alternative approach to measuring the knowledge intensity of economies as to those based on the aggregation of industries according to selected indicators such as research and development (R&D) expenditure or labor force skills. Instead, we follow an economic approach rooted in the growth accounting methodology, determining the contribution of each individual factor of production (capital and labor) according to the prices of the services it provides. This methodology will be applied to the above-mentioned LA countries, and to the United States and Spain, which are used as benchmarks. Data are available for the period 1995-2016.
Troska Kościoła wobec ofiar wykorzystania seksualnego spowodowanego przez duchownych – kontekst kanoniczny i psychologiczny
Authors: Fiałek Piotr
Published: April 2021

W artykule podjęto zagadnienie stosowanej przez Kościół katolicki ochrony małoletnich przed wykorzystaniem seksualnym. Przedstawione zostały obowiązujące w tej materii przepisy prawa kanonicznego. Analizie poddano kwestie badań nad zjawiskiem pedofilii i innych czynów krzywdzenia seksualnego. Wyróżnione zostały różne typy sprawców, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem duchownych dokonujących wykorzystania seksualnego. Wskazano także na możliwe konsekwencje w życiu ofiar. Jako ostatni punkt podjęto próbę podsumowania przepisów ochronnych Kościoła oraz wyrażenia propozycji co do zastosowania możliwych działań podnoszących skuteczność ochrony oraz wspierających pomoc świadczoną ofiarom.
Zasada kontradyktoryjności w małżeńskim procesie skróconym przed biskupem
Authors: Łukasik Aleksandra
Published: April 2021

Małżeński proces skrócony przed biskupem jest nową formą procesu o stwierdzenie nieważności małżeństwa. Prowadzony może być w sytuacji, kiedy żądanie jego rozpoczęcia zgłoszone zostanie przez obydwoje małżonków lub przez jednego z nich za zgodą drugiego oraz przytoczone będą okoliczności dotyczące faktów lub osób poparte zeznaniami lub dokumentami, które nie wymagają przeprowadzenia dokładniejszego badania albo dochodzenia, a w sposób oczywisty wskazują na nieważność zaskarżanego małżeństwa. Należy jednak podkreślić, że dojście do prawdy o ważności zawartego małżeństwa możliwe jest tylko przy zachowywaniu od samego początku regulujących takie postępowanie sądowe norm prawnych oraz zasad procesowych.

Jedną z podstawowych zasad jest zaś zasada kontradyktoryjności. Odnosi się ona do stron procesowych i zakłada istnienie dwóch sprzecznych ze sobą tez. W kontekście procesu skróconego ma zaś miejsce przeciwstawność tego, co twierdzą strony na temat nieważności zawartego przez nie związku i tego, na jakim stanowisku stoi Kościół, broniąc ważności małżeństwa w osobie obrońcy węzła małżeńskiego występującego w procesie.
Przepisy austriackiego prawa kościelnego w sprawach zakonnych od czasów cesarzowej Marii Teresy do konkordatu z 1855 roku
Authors: Kantor Robert
Published: April 2021

Jednym z dążeń józefinizmu było utworzenie autonomicznego Kościoła narodowego, połączonego z Rzymem. W realizację tego zadania wpisywał się nurt „antyzakonny” w polityce kościelnej Austrii. Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie ustawodawstwa austriackiego (w omawianym okresie) dotyczącego kwestii zakonnych. Należy pamiętać, że są to przepisy wydane przez panujących cesarzy, a nie instrukcje, komentarze, zalecenia wydawane przez Gubernium we Lwowie. Na szczególną uwagę zasługują przepisy Marii Teresy oraz Józefa II. Pierwsza podkreślała nie tylko suwerenność państwa wobec Kościoła, ale także nadrzędność i prawo kontroli w sprawach, które powinny być domeną władzy cywilnej. Interesom państwa miały być podporządkowane wszystkie dziedziny życia i instytucje, włączając w to również zakony. Z kolei Józef II swoją reformą objął całą dziedzinę życia zakonnego, także tę wewnętrzną, gdzie posuwał się do regulowania zbyt drobiazgowych kwestii. W swoich przepisach chciał odseparować zakony od wpływu kurii rzymskiej, a oddać je pod władzę biskupów krajowych, na których rząd mógł wywierać większy wpływ.
The Doctoral Scholarship at the Doctoral School in the Republic of Poland as a Way to Ensure a Decent Support for a Clergy Doctoral Student
Authors: Lewandowski Paweł
Published: April 2021

Stypendium doktoranckie w szkole doktorskiej w Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej jako sposób zabezpieczenia godziwego utrzymania duchownemu doktorantowi

Kierowanie duchownych na studia specjalistyczne, w kraju lub za granicę, wiąże się z koniecznością zapewnienia księdzu studentowi odpowiednich środków finansowych, zabezpieczających pokrycie opłat na uczelni, za zakwaterowanie, wyżywienie, ubezpieczenie społeczne, dających możliwość nabywania pomocy naukowych. Jeśli w tym celu biskupowi diecezjalnemu nie uda się pozyskać stypendium zewnętrznego, finansowanie studiów obciąża budżet diecezji, nierzadko w sposób znaczący.

Reforma szkolnictwa wyższego w Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej, dokonana ustawą z dnia 20 lipca 2018 r. Prawo o szkolnictwie wyższym i nauce, w zakresie studiów doktoranckich wprowadziła szkoły doktorskie, w których doktoranci otrzymują stypendium doktoranckie. Przysługuje ono również duchownym doktorantom przez cały okres kształcenia w szkole doktorskiej, maksymalnie przez cztery lata. Miesięczne stypendium wynosi co najmniej: 2371,70 PLN do miesiąca, w którym została przeprowadzona ocena śródokresowa i 3653,70 PLN po miesiącu, w którym została przeprowadzona ocena śródokresowa. Ponadto wysokość stypendium może zostać uzależniona od dodatkowych faktorów, m.in. od osiągnięć duchownego doktoranta. Stypendium doktoranckie w szkole doktorskiej znacząco przyczynia się zatem do zapewnienia duchownemu doktorantowi godziwego utrzymania. Stanowi także istotne odciążenie budżetu diecezji.
Pojęcie dobra jako wyznacznik wartościowania przepisów prawa powszechnego
Authors: Słapczyński Tomasz
Published: April 2021

Jest rzeczą właściwie oczywistą, iż prawo realizuje wartości społecznie doniosłe. Opiera się ono na wartościach filozoficznych Europy, w tym wartościach chrześcijańskich. Artykuł analizuje pojęcie dobra i wartości nim wytyczanych wypracowanych w doktrynie prawa i prawa kanonicznego. Należy podkreślić, iż przyjęto wartościującą klasyfikację „dobra”, właściwą dla subiektywizmu aksjologicznego. Nie wyklucza to jednak możliwości ujęcia tego samego „dobra” w sposób obiektywny, zgodnie z zasadami filozofii klasycznej, jednak klasyczne ujęcie dobra jest i było już przedmiotem wielu bardzo istotnych opracowań.

Artykuł podejmuje próbę klasyfikacji doktrynalnej oraz omówienie istoty pojęcia dobra jako wartości aksjologicznej dla polskiego porządku prawnego – wartości mającej wpływ na kształtowanie i stosowanie prawa.
Gestantes e puérperas presas após a Lei de Primeira Infância: uma análise de casos
Authors: Dornellas Mariana Paganote
Published: April 2021

Este trabalho visa analisar as condições de encarceramento e seus efeitos para as mulheres grávidas presas na Penitenciária Talavera Bruce e as puérperas encarceradas com seus bebês na Unidade Materno Infantil, após a edição da Lei de Primeira Infância, que institui medidas desencarceradoras para gestantes e mulheres com filhos de até 12 anos. Os dados apresentados são resultado de pesquisa empírica qualitativa, realizada por meio de entrevistas semi-estruturadas, que ocorreram entre novembro de 2017 e fevereiro de 2018, pouco mais de um ano e meio após a edição da referida norma. Partiremos da análise de casos concretos para discutir questões mais gerais relacionadas ao encarceramento feminino, como seu impacto na saúde dos bebês, tráfico de drogas, situação das estrangeiras, saúde mental, violência e pobreza. Assim, poderemos refletir sobre os limites da aplicação da Lei de Primeira Infância em relação aos seus objetivos, e a necessidade de se pensar em alternativas ao punitivismo para lidar com conflitos sociais.
New-Look Law Firms e Lawtechs: para além da inovação de solução, uma questão de inovação de significado no mercado de serviço jurídico
Authors: Cantali Fernanda Borghetti , Wünsch Guilherme
Published: April 2021

A aliança entre o direito e a tecnologia não é tarefa fácil, dado o conservadorismo do mercado jurídico. Startups jurídicas, chamadas lawtechs, que aliam a tecnologia à prestação de serviço jurídico são hoje uma realidade. O mercado está mudando, muito por conta do uso de novas tecnologias, o que, aliás, vem colocando a humanidade em uma nova fase. O mercado jurídico ainda não foi tão fortemente impactado, mas o será nos próximos anos. Esse impacto não decorre apenas da disseminação de lawtechs; os escritórios de advocacia precisam adotar um novo perfil de atuação. Os profissionais do direito precisam inovar nas soluções jurídicas; inovar no “como” se dá a prestação do serviço jurídico. Contudo, a inovação de solução, na forma como o serviço é prestado, não é suficiente para uma inovação disruptiva no setor. É necessário também uma inovação de significado deste serviço. Para a realização da pesquisa, utilizar-se-á o método científico indutivo, eis que, a partir da observação das mudanças impostas pelas novas tecnologias, se verifica a necessidade de remodelação e ressignificação da prestação do serviço jurídico. No que toca à abordagem, a pesquisa será qualitativa, buscando-se explicar o porquê das mudanças, exprimindo-se também o que convém ser feito.
Direito Alimentar: Fundamentos epistemológicos para um ramo jurídico
Authors: Gomes Cañada Eduardo , Trentini Flavia
Published: April 2021

O presente artigo busca investigar a possibilidade de existência de um Direito Alimentar brasileiro. Com vistas de experiências jurídicas estrangeiras, e.g. Estados Unidos da América e União Européia, antigas questões sociais como fome, segurança alimentar, barreiras comerciais, propriedade intelectual, etc. poderiam ser tratadas sob um novo enfoque estruturante e centralizado. Para tanto, a partir de uma revisão bibliográfica, privilegiando o método indutivo como estratégia para obtenção de conclusões, serão abordados quatro aspectos desse hipotético Direito Alimentar, a saber: os antecedentes históricos, que contextualizam o surgimento desse novo ramo jurídico; seu objeto material, por meio de definições normatizadas de alimento; com as devidas repercussões na autonomia de seu estatuto epistemológico; e a política legislativa brasileira, como o componente elementar dessa nova disciplina.
Sociodemographic Factors and Clinical Profile of Covid-19 Patients Admitted in a Tertiary Care Centre of Central Rajasthan, India
Authors: Arora Piyush , Mittal Himanshu , Gupta Neeraj , Jimmy Jose K. , Jain Khushboo , Sharma Arpit
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND Covid-2019, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS CoV2), is an ongoing pandemic that emerged from China in November 2019. It has affected millions of people worldwide causing significant morbidity and mortality. We wanted to analyse the clinical and demographic profile of Covid-19 patients admitted in a tertiary-care-centre in the central part of Rajasthan, compare their characteristics with other studies published from parts of NorthernIndia and identify factors associated with delayed recovery and mortality. METHODS This was a retrospective observational analysis of the clinical features, and epidemiological profile of Covid-19 positive patients admitted at a tertiary-carecentre in the Central part of Rajasthan. RESULTS A total of 422 patients was enrolled in the study. The male: female ratio was 1.34 with a mean age of 34.1 years. Almost 195 (46.2 %) patients were in the age group of 20 - 40 years. Respiratory diseases were the most common co-morbidity seen in 36 patients (8.53 %), diabetes-mellitus in 28 patients (6.63 %), hypertension in 22 patients (5.2 %). Fever was the commonest presenting symptom (N = 98, 77.17 %), followed by cough (N = 85, 66.93 %), and breathlessness (N = 51, 45.67 %). Factors significantly associated with mortality were age group of 60 - 80 year (P < 0.001), presence of co-morbidities (P < 0.001) and history of smoking & alcohol consumption (P < 0.001). Among co-morbidities diabetes-mellitus, hypertension, chronic-respiratory-diseases & chronic-kidneydiseases had significant impact on mortality. Absence of co-morbidity, lack of addiction and symptoms at the time of presentation were associated with an earlier conversion of reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) report. CONCLUSIONS Clinical spectrum of COVID 19 varies widely. Presence of comorbidities, addiction, radiological features has a drastic impact on mortality and duration of infectivity. KEYWORDS SARS CoV-2, Covid-19, RT PCR, Coronavirus
Umbilical Cord Teratoma: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Gansburgskii A. N. , Yal'tsev A. V. , Sleptsov A. R. , Sleptsova D. A.
Published: April 2021

The state of the stroma, blood vessels and the anatomical features of the umbilical cord are of direct diagnostic value, and various pathological changes can become the primary cause of fetal death. The frequency of umbilical cord tumors is not reliably known due to a very rare incidence: in the available literature there were reported about 19 cases.The aim of the study was to clinically and pathohistologically analyze a case of umbilical cord teratoma and to give an analytical review of recently reported cases.The material was obtained from a healthy 35-year-old woman with a third pregnancy. Combined ultrasound screening at the 20th week of pregnancy revealed a solid structure with cystic inclusions along the periphery on the umbilical cord. In the solid component, hyperechoic inclusions giving acoustic shadows were visualized; in the color Doppler imaging mode the neoplasm was avascular. A dead premature baby girl was born at 35th week. The cause of intrauterine fetal death was mechanical compression of the vessels of the umbilical cord by teratoma. Microscopic examination of the umbilical cord neoplasm in the area of the solid component demonstrated a pronounced development of the sebaceous glands, adipose tissue, myelinic nerve fibers, hair follicles; in the cystic component – epidermoid cysts. This evidenced about organismoid mature teratomas. Due to their rare incidence umbilical teratomas should be reported to better understand their pathomorphosis and impact on infant morbidity and mortality. Given the increased risk of concomitant malformations, the detection of an umbilical teratoma should be accompanied by a detailed and comprehensive examination of the newborn for additional pathologies.
Real-time inpatients risk profiling in acute care: a comparative study of falls and pressure injuries vulnerabilities
Authors: Ossai Chinedi I. , O'Connor Louise , Wickramasighe Nilmini
Published: April 2021

To effectively manage patients of different vulnerabilities to falls and pressure injury entails understanding the risk drivers and predicting risk profiles in real-time, thus, we determined the core drivers of patients’ proneness to these risks while developing a machine learning strategy for their real-time prediction in acute care hospital. By implementing a multivariate logistic analysis, the risk drivers and injury risk probabilities were obtained while establishing a comparative machine learning technique for patients’ risk-profiling. We observed Multi sclerosis & motor neuron disease (MSN) and Fall during current admission (FDA) as pronounced risk drivers, and Extra Tree Classifier (ETC) and Random Forest (RF) as the best algorithms with prediction accuracy of 90.6% - 99.8%. With a cost saving of 2.3% - 38.89%, our framework will provide an efficient technique for cost-effective management of inpatients susceptible to falls and pressure injury risks on admission.
Rural areas on their way to a smart village - experiences from living labs in Bavaria
Authors: Hanninger Lisa-Marie , Laxa Jessica , Ahrens Diane
Published: April 2021

This paper presents an overview of the approaches and experiences from existing living labs: german rural villages in which several digital solutions had been developed and implemented. The test villages have been selected based on a competition and are funded by the Bavarian state government in the project "Digitales Dorf" (Engl. digital village). Started in 2016 several measures had been taken to push digitalization in these rural areas with the goal to create equivalent living conditions to urban areas. The research question is how digitalization enhances the value of rural areas and which methods can be used to overcome the digitalization gap with a transferable and simple approach. This paper focuses on the transformation process rather than digital solutions, and presents requirements and best practices to promote digitalization in rural environments, their municipal processes and traditional approaches in everyday life.
A classification of organizational interventions to enable detachment from work
Authors: Mattern Jana
Published: April 2021

Negative effects of extensive connectivity to work through excessive use of technology have yielded discussions about the right to disconnect for employees. Organizations are beginning to introduce interventions that aim at enabling their employees to detach from work (i.e., refrain from work-related thoughts and activities during non-work hours). However, there is limited academic research on how organizations should introduce interventions that lead to a successful disconnection of their employees. Based on an interdisciplinary literature review and reports on companies’ best practices, this study proposes a classification of organizational interventions based on the level, target, and mechanism of the intervention. I include the theory of psychological detachment to propose a measurement of the success of an intervention. The classification provides researchers and practitioners with a common framework to develop and evaluate interventions aimed at fostering employees’ disconnection from work.
Strategija Univerze v Mariboru 2021–2030
Authors:   Univerza v Mariboru
Published: April 2021

Strategija Univerze v Mariboru v svojih ciljih zasleduje vključujoč, inovativen in povezan visokošolski prostor, ki bo usposabljal aktivne, kritične in odgovorne državljane, zagotavljal kakovost izobraževanja in raziskovanja, akademsko intergriteto in skrbel za trajnostni razvoj družbe. Poudarja pomen svobode raziskovanja in institucionalne avtonomije, razvoj vseživljenjskega učenja, digitalizacije in zelene infrastrukture. S tem sledi usmeritvam Rimskega ministrskega komunikeja 2020 o razvoj visokega šolstva v Evropi, načelom Magna Charta Universitatum 2020 in nacionalnim strateškim dokumentom s področja visokega šolstva.
Ergonomic Aspects of Product Design: 2nd Updated and Expanded Edition
Authors: Dolšak Bojan
Published: April 2021

The textbook is dealing with product ergonomics both from the point of view of the development engineer, who of course has to ensure the functionality of the product, and from the point of view of the designer, who should ensure that the product is also aesthetically perfect. The purpose of the textbook is not to provide empirical data, but to introduce basic concepts and present mutual relationships and recommendations that can help engineers and designers to develop products with a focus on ergonomic and aesthetic value. In the second edition, a completely new chapter is added, which deals with inclusive design and its most important aspects. In most cases, these are in line with the ergonomic aspects of product development, with one important difference. Instead of adapting the product to limited target population of users, the goal of inclusive design are products suitable for the widest possible population.
The consolidation matrix and the consolidation circle
Authors: Khelalfa Houssam
Published: April 2021

In geotechnical engineering, the consolidation and settlement of structures are among the major problems an engineer must deal with. An appropriate estimation of a soil’s settlement is of significant importance, since it directly influences the performance of buildings and infrastructures that are built on soil.The compressibility characteristics of soils form one of the most important parameters required in the design of foundations. The compressibility behaviour of soils islargely dependent on the compression index, the properties and the parameters of the soil. A number of empirical correlations have been developed in the literature that aresupposedto connect the compression index to other soil parameters. The main objectives of this research were to study the relationships between the compression index (Cc) and the swelling index (Cs), and to investigate the effects of the natural void ratio (e0) and the over-consolidation ratio (OCR) on Cc and Cs, in order to combine them with the pre-compression stress (Pc), the consolidation duration (Tc) and the settlement (Su).Consequently, aconsolidation matrix and a consolidation circle are proposed, which gives us a new method and model to facilitate the calculations of the parameters involved in the soil consolidation, so as to summarize the consolidation phenomenon.
Transition from Preschool to School in Relation to the Implementation of Educational Activities Outdoors
Authors: Cencič Majda , Horvat Barbara
Published: April 2021

Implementation of educational activities outside the buildings of the institution has several advantages. For this reason, we were interested in the transition from preschool to the first grade of primary school in relation to the implementation of curricular activities in preschool or in the first grade of primary school outdoors. The results have shown that the external premises of the institution are statistically more frequently used by preschool teachers than by schoolteachers. Only in the implementation of the subject environment in the first grade compared to the implementation of curricular activities concerning society and nature in preschool outside the premises of the institution were no statistically significant differences detected.
Measurement and Determinants of Technical Efficiency in Crop Production: A Review
Authors: Sharma Isha , Sekhon M.K.
Published: April 2021

Output is determined by the efficiency with which available technologies are used i.e. with the improvement in technical efficiency. There are extensive numbers of studies focusing on efficiency as a means of fostering agriculture production. The article reviews the literature devoted to technical efficiency analysis in various countries and its applications to agricultural production. The studies reviewed focused particularly on rice and wheat making them the most studied agricultural product by researchers. The review of efficiency analysis shows that agricultural output can be increased without additional inputs with given existing technology. Technical efficiency of agricultural crops like wheat, paddy, cotton etc grown in different countries of the world like India, Pakistan, Ethopia, Srilanka were reviewed and it was found that except for farm size, the variables like farmer education and experience, contacts with extension personnel and access to credit, tend to have a positive and statistically significant impact on technical efficiency.
Cow Brain Consumption Causes Hypercholesterolemia: An in Vivo Study
Authors: Kundu Swarup Kumar , Khan Md. Abu Hadi Noor Ali , Das Shonkor Kumar
Published: April 2021

Background: Organ meats are rich in cholesterol and saturated fats. The experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of cow brain consumption on blood cholesterol level and possible histomorphological changes of liver, heart and kidney in Swiss albino mice. Methods: Total twenty (20) Swiss albino mice (aged 3 weeks; average weight 20-25gm) were taken and randomly divided into group A and group B. Each group consisted of ten (10) mice. The group A was fed with normal mice pellet and water. On the other hand, cow brain (2gm/kg body weight orally once daily for 28 days) was supplied to group B. After the experimental tenure, the mice of both groups were sacrificed ethically and the samples (Blood, liver, heart and kidney) were collected for investigation. Result: Total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride level (TG) and low density lipoprotein level (LDL) significantly (**p less than 0.01) increased as well as high density lipoprotein level (HDL) significantly (**p less than 0.01) decreased in group B. In the gross observation, pale with hemorrhagic liver, fat accumulation at the base of the heart and peri renal fat deposition were found in group B of mice. Congestion and dilation in both central and portal vein, marked lymphocytic infiltration and fatty infiltration in liver, wide separation of cardiac muscle fiber in ventricular myocardium, glomerular and tubular fatty infiltration of kidney were also found in histomorphological study. Therefore, the present findings presage that cow brain consumption might have baleful effects on health.
Age Related Histomorphometrical Studies on the Major Lymphoid Organs of Chicken
Authors: Dahariya N. , Sathapathy S. , Mishra U.K. , Patra R. , Dehury S. , Joshi S.K. , Sahu S.K. , Samal L. , Jena Biswadeep
Published: April 2021

Background: Hansli chicken is reared in Mayurbhanj and Keonjhar districts of Odisha. They play a vital role in the economic upliftment of poor, landless and marginalised people in the rural areas besides providing them with nutritious egg and meat for consumption. Methods: Hansli chicks and Vencobb broiler chicks were divided into three age groups viz. group I (up to 1 month), group II (1-3 months) and group III (3-6 months) with six birds in each age group. On 4th week, 12th week and 24th week, six birds from each breed were used for the study of histomorphometrical features of the thymus, spleen and bursa of Fabricius. Result: The average thickness of the capsule, cortex and medulla of thymus, average width of thymic lobule and average maximum diameter of Hassall’s corpuscles differed significantly (p≤0.05) between the birds at specific ages. Similarly, the average thickness of the splenic capsule, average width of white pulp, average external transverse and internal longitudinal diameters of trabecular artery, average external longitudinal, internal longitudinal, external transverse and internal transverse diameters of central artery, average longitudinal diameter of capillary, average longitudinal and transverse diameters of splenic nodule, average thickness of PALS and PELS differed significantly (p≤0.05) between the birds at specific ages. The average number of bursal follicles in larger and smaller plicae, average height and width of larger and smaller plicae, average length and width of bursal follicle, average height of columnar cell of pseudostratified FAE and IFE, average nuclear height of FAE and IFE columnar cells differed significantly (p≤0.05) between the birds at specific ages.
Sterilization of Male Dogs by Intra-testicular Administration of Calcium Chloride Solution
Authors: Thakre Tushar , Shukla S.N. , Mishra Aditya , Gupta Nidhi , Kumar Pratyush
Published: April 2021

Background: Chemical castration is one of the methods of non surgical contraception which has been suggested as a fast and low cost alternative to control a wide range of canine population. Methods: The potency of intra-testicular 20% calcium chloride solution was tested in 12 fertile, healthy and stray adult male dogs. Dogs were divided randomly into two groups, consisting six animals in each. The animals of group-I were administered intra-testicular 1.0 ml of 20% calcium chloride solution. Bilateral intra-testicular injection was performed using 21 gauge needle directed from the caudo-ventral aspect of each testis approximately 1 cm from the cauda epididymis and towards the dorso-cranial aspect of testis as per the procedure adopted by Jana and Samanta (2007). In group-II, 1.0 ml of normal saline was injected intra-testicular as placebo. Its efficacy was assessed by testicular morphometry, scrotal circumference (on day 0, 7, 15 and 30), histo-morphology (on day 0 and 30) and serum testosterone assay (on day 0, 15 and 30 of treatment). Result: The testicular morphometry of both the testicles was found to be increased size of testes significantly on day 7 in the treatment group as compared to day 0 and then decreased gradually and significantly on day 15 and 30. Histo-morphological study revealed significant changes including complete derangement of seminiferous tubules on day 30 post-treatment. Out of six animals the testes of four animals represented complete destruction of outline of seminiferous tubules. The germinal epithelium and Leydig cells were degenerated and parenchyma was replaced by fibro-collagenous tissue which was evident by the presence of numerous fibrocytes and fibroblast. There was no evidence of mature germ cells in section of both the testes. In some areas small blood capillaries were observed which may indicate neo-vascularisation. Discrete inflammatory infiltration of leucocytes was also observed in the parenchyma. Decrease in serum testosterone level after the end of study, i.e., day 30 indicated degeneration of Leydig cells. It can be concluded that 20% calcium chloride solution has a potential for testicular degeneration and thus sterilization of male dogs.
Enseñanza del concepto de pH desde la perspectiva del pensamiento científico: una revisión sistemática exploratoria
Authors: Pineda-Caro Diana Yicela , Medina-Vargas Óscar Julio , Falla-Rocha Gabriela
Published: April 2021

El objetivo de este artículo fue realizar una revisión sistemática exploratoria, con el fin de identificar qué estrategias de enseñanza han abordado el concepto de pH en distintos niveles escolares, desde la perspectiva del pensamiento científico. Para ello, se realizó una búsqueda de información en las bases de datos Web of Science (WoS) y Google Scholar; el intervalo de tiempo fue desde el año 2010 hasta octubre del 2020, identificando 17 documentos, de los cuales solo 8 estaban relacionados con el tema de investigación. Posteriormente, se realizó un análisis para identificar si estos eran congruentes con las habilidades de pensamiento científico: realizar preguntas, describir hechos, establecer modelos y argumentar. Como producto de esta revisión, se identificó que las estrategias didácticas de tipo experimental son las que presentan mayor acogida; en su gran mayoría, el concepto se aborda desde temáticas como indicadores naturales, en otros casos, se hace uso de dispositivos electrónicos y softwares, los cuales permiten desarrollar habilidades no solo en el campo científico, sino tecnológico y matemático. En todos los casos se evidencia afinidad por realizar experimentos, principalmente de tipo casero; de igual manera, se analizan las representaciones abstractas y materiales que pueden desarrollar los estudiantes al participar en estas actividades. Otro de los aspectos importantes que se debe fortalecer es la argumentación y la correcta apropiación del concepto, según su actual definición.