bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Preliminary review of cybersecurity coordination in Nigeria
Authors: Ikuero F. E.
Published: November 2022

Cyberspace presents significant opportunities that enhance communication, and boost business and socio-economic prosperity in Nigeria. While cyber criminals thrive to exploit any vulnerability for their gains, the Nigeria Government has taken some measures to safeguard its cyberspace. This study evaluates the efforts of the Nigeria Government in the coordination of cybersecurity in the country. It used secondary source methodology by reviewing previous and related research works including books, articles among others. The study found that Nigeria has established a national Computer Emergency Response Team (CERT) and four active Sectoral Computer Security Incident Response Teams (CSIRTs). It also revealed that the Nigeria Government through the Office of the National Security Adviser (ONSA) formulated the National Cybersecurity Policy and Strategy (NCPS). It was found that the establishment of the National Cybersecurity Coordination Centre (NCCC) would enhance the implementation of cybersecurity programs in Nigeria. Amongst others, the study recommended that the ONSA should facilitate the approval for the establishment of NCCC.
Steady-state performance analysis of permanent magnet synchronous generator with capacitive assistance
Authors: Obuah E. C. , Epemu A. M. , Obe E. S.
Published: November 2022

This paper presents the steady-state performance analysis of an electrical connection scheme that improves the power factor and output power of a three-phase interior-rotor permanent magnet generator (IPMSG). The inverse saliency ratio ranges from 1 to 6. A three-phase capacitor is connected across the stator winding, close to the generator load, for each ratio. Leading current from the capacitor was used to improve the lagging power factor of the machine, maintain the load voltage under varying load conditions, and enhance the output power conversion ability, which the inverse saliency ratio scheme could not do alone, and without the need for external power electronics control circuitry. The numerical solution of the study was implemented in MATLAB®. The proposed IPMSG performance curves were enhanced with the generator yielding an improved output power of about 11.1% when compared with the inverse saliency ratio scheme without capacitors.
Design and production of an automatic solid waste sorting machine with smart digital counter
Authors: Adebimpe A. M. , Uguru-Okorie D. C. , Oluwagunwa E. O.
Published: November 2022

Sorting of objects is the first step of a waste management process. These objects should be sorted according to the type of material for effective waste recycling. Therefore, the focus of this work is to design and produce an automated sorting machine that can be used to sort metals and non-metals autonomously. The automatic sorting machine with a smart digital counter was designed to use a microcontroller (Arduino Mega) to control the conveyor systems which consist of the conveyor support, driving unit and the driven unit. The sorting mechanisms consist of the inductive sensor, infrared Sensor and the actuating system using servo motor. The conveyor system helps in the conveyance of objects towards the sorting chute. The actuating system receives signal from the microcontroller and the device does the sorting of the objects based on their characteristics while the digital counter counts the number of metallic objects dropping into the designated cart. The time taken for the inductive sensor to sense an object, the waiting period for the servo motor to be actuated and the time taken for the counter to count after a metallic object is sensed are 1s, 2s and 1s respectively. After its development, it was tested and observed to meet the design requirements.
Solar water disinfection (SODIS): modelling exposure period with geometric distribution
Authors: Nwankwo E. J. , Attama C. M.
Published: November 2022

Solar water disinfection (SODIS) is recognised and promoted as a simple and low-cost method for water quality improvement and diarrhoea prevention. However, there is potential for underexposure and incomplete disinfection due to the uncertainty arising from variable weather/exposure period. This study presents a probabilistic methodology for obtaining exposure periods from time series of historical solar energy data capable of resolving this uncertainty. To do this, SODIS exposure period was interpreted and computed in agreement with the underlying physical processes that govern geometric distribution. The methodology was illustrated by using geometric distribution to predict monthly exposure periods at 5% exceedance probability for 324 locations in Southeastern Nigeria. The parameter of the geometric distribution was estimated from solar radiation data obtained from NASA geo-satellite database. The results revealed both spatial and temporal variation of exposure period. Two days of exposure would ensure complete disinfection 95% of the days in November to May in virtually all the locations of the region. June to September is the least favourable period for SODIS application in Southeastern Nigeria, mostly requiring more than 2 days of exposure to ensure treatment. Performance validation of the model using confusion matrix showed an overall prediction accuracy of 83%, suggesting a reliable model for the prediction of exposure period. The exposure periods were presented in the form of monthly maps to serve as a tool for guarding against underexposure.
Biogas substrates performance ranking based on sustainability potential, biodegradability, and yield characterization: the case of an area in Southwest Nigeria
Authors: Edem I. E. , Olugbade Q. O.
Published: November 2022

The characteristics of biogas materials (BMs) and the preference for their bio-methane production effectiveness and efficiencies differ by geographical location and are currently an active discussion. This study assessed and ranked BMs based on their biogas production sustainability potential. BMs including Cow dung (CD), food waste (FW), poultry dung (PuD), and fruit and vegetable waste (FVW) were selected from an area in South-West Nigeria. Questionnaire responses on six sustainability criteria (𝐶𝑖) [Population, availability, non-competing substrate, acceptability, biodegradability, and yield] were collected for the selected BMs. The criteria preference weight (𝜔𝑖) was determined using AHP, while a part-subjective, part-objective method was employed to score the BMs based on the 𝐶𝑖. The Sustainability Ranking Model (SRM) was formulated to rank the BMs' sustainability performances. 𝜔𝑖 results showed that acceptability and non-competing substrate were the most and least preferred criteria while most to the least sustainable BMs were FW, CD, FVW, and PuD.
Strategies for enhancing utilization of computer numeric control (CNC) machines for effective implementation of industrial technical education programme in universities
Authors: Obe P. I. , Onah E. N. , Onah O.
Published: November 2022

The study examined the Strategies for Enhancing Utilization of Computer Numeric Control (CNC) machines for Effective Implementation of Industrial Technical Education Programmes in Public Universities of Enugu state Nigeria. Three research questions and three hypotheses guided the study. Descriptive survey design was used. The population of the study was 68 (ITE) educators which comprises of 35 lecturers and 33 instructors from public university in Enugu State. There was no sampling since the population was manageable. The instrument used for data collection was a structured questionnaire validated by three experts. Cronbach Alpha reliability was used and an overall reliability coefficient of .82 was obtained. The data was collected by the researchers. Out of 68 copies of the questionnaire administered, 60 copies were retrieved giving 88% return rate. Data generated were analysed using mean, standard deviation and t-test. The study found out among other things that Enhancement of the Utilization of Computer Numeric Control (CNC) will bring about Effective Implementation of Industrial Technical Education Programme in Universities. The paper recommended among other things that (ITE) stakeholders should collectively join hands in providing in-service training for (ITE) educators for effectual utilization of (CNC) machines and implementation of ITE programmes in universities.
Evaluation of water supply, sanitation and hygiene facilities in Ekosodin Community of Ovia North-East LGA, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria
Authors: Rawlings A. , Seghosime S.
Published: November 2022

Globally, poor access to improved water and sanitation remains a major contributing factor to high morbidity and mortality rates among the populace. Thus, access to water supply and sanitation is essential for sustainable development. In this study, a cross sectional descriptive survey method was adopted. Data were collected via questionnaires and observational checklist which were designed to extract information on Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH). The data were then, analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS Version 26.0). Four hundred and twenty (420) semi-structured questionnaires were administered to households in Ekosodin Community. Three hundred and ninety seven (397) copies were retrieved and thus analysed. Results indicated that 374 (94.2%) households reported having access to water and that borehole was their main source of water supply. Over 130 (32.7%) household reported not treating their water before use. Types of toilet facilities frequently use by households were water closet system (flush toilet) 243 (61.2%) and pit latrine 85 (21.4%). However, households practice open defecation at low levels 6 (1.5%). Solid waste disposal methods mainly adopted by households are: open dumpsite 224 (56.4%) and burning 150 (37.8%). Majority of the households cleaned their water storage containers every six months or annually. Results further revealed that most of the respondents 382 (96.2%) practice hand washing after toilet 82 (20.65%), before cooking 79 (19.89%), before eating 55 (13.85%) and every other time 94 (23.6%) excluding the aforementioned, after cooking, after eating and after handling children’s faeces. It was observed that 243 (57.9%) houses have no drainage system, 237 (56.4%) have no waste storage facility, 312 (74.3%) have refuse dumpsite and 354 (84.3%) did not have odour of excreta in the surrounding. It was deduced from this study that households have poor access to adequate WASH facilities/services. Hence, it is recommended that water supply infrastructures, sanitation infrastructures and promotion of hygiene should be enhanced in order to improve access to adequate WASH facilities/services in the community.
Techno-economic analysis of combined cycle power plants for electricity generation in Nigeria
Authors: Bori I. , Orah A. M. , Ayo S. A.
Published: November 2022

This paper presents a techno-economic approach to readily assess the profitability or otherwise of combined cycle power plants (CCPPs) for increased electricity production in Nigeria. As a case study for this analysis, a combined cycle gas turbine plant with 650MW installed capacity at Afam VI power station is used to evaluate the installation of a 1000MW and 1500MW CCPP economically. The results and analysis determined a Levelized cost of electricity of N41.57k/KWh and N34.09k/KWh for the 1500MW and 1000MW CCPP, respectively. It signifies an increase of 33.33% and 66.67% in the cost of electricity per kWh between the 1000MW and 1500MW plant capacities respectively, relative to the 650MW CCPP. Therefore, the low LCOE makes it economically viable to install the 1000MW CCPP for electricity production in the country. The paper also proposes upgrading existing gas-fired power plants in the country into combined cycle power plants for improved electricity supply.
A fuzzy TOPSIS model for selecting raw material suppliers in a manufacturing company
Authors: Odeyinka O. F. , Okandeji A. A. , Sogbesan A. A.
Published: November 2022

Multi-criteria decision model (MCDM) is used to describe a family of techniques which considers multiple criteria in order to make a choice (among several alternatives). Sometimes, both alternatives and criteria involve qualitative definitions which have to be accounted for. Accordingly, fuzzy TOPSIS is one of several MCDM methods and it serves as a scientific way to solve selection problems that involve uncertainty in criteria definition. This work considers a beverage manufacturing company where selection problem has caused a downturn in production. Inconsistency and unreliability of previous suppliers have caused the company to loose their competitive edge. Fuzzy TOPSIS is proposed to solve the challenge in selecting suppliers of a key raw material. Three decision makers evaluated three suppliers of sugar considering eight criteria for subjective weights based on a 5-point scale. Decision matrices were constructed and normalized for the three submissions. Result obtained showed that supplier 2 had the lowest fuzzy positive ideal solution and the highest fuzzy negative ideal solution. The same supplier had the highest closeness coefficient (0.782) which implies that supplier 2 is the best option.
Characterization of eco-friendly cutting fluid developed from neem seed oil
Authors: Awode E. I. , Lawal S. A. , Olaiya K. A. , Abutu J.
Published: November 2022

Cutting fluid is a key component in retaining workpiece quality, tool life and overall high productivity in machine operations. It is needed as input for minimal surface roughness, minimal tool wear and better machining finished product. This study addressed tool wear and surface roughness by evaluating optimal factor effectiveness of the surface roughness and tool wear during turning of AISI 304 alloy steel using an environmentally friendly fluid. The non-biodegradable and non-recyclable nature of conventional cutting fluids as mineral oils have raised serious concerns with the research community and prompted the renewal of research in this area with focus on replacing the mineral based cutting fluids with environmentally friendly cutting fluids such as neem seed prepared cutting fluid (N-PCF). The neem seed oil (NSO) was sourced locally and characterized by investigating the physiochemical properties as well as it’s fatty acid composition (FAC). The cutting fluid formulation was 1:9 of oil to water in the ratio. The cutting fluids which aided surface roughness and tool wear reduction during turning of the austenitic stainless steel AISI 304 and improved the carbide insert tool was evaluated and compared with mineral oil-based cutting fluid. Also, the response surface method (RSM) of experimental design and Grey relational analysis (GRA) multi-response optimization were employed respectively. The experimental results revealed that the formulated oil showed 8.67 pH value, 0.50 mm2/s viscosity, resistant to corrosion, stable and deep yellowish colouration. The multi-response optimal factor combination obtained from GRA showed multi-response effect of the formulated Neem seed prepared cutting fluid at feed rate of 0.82 mm/rev, depth of cut of 0.65 mm and cutting velocity of 800 rev/min while that of Mineral prepared cutting fluid (M-PCF) was achieved with feed rate (0.82 mm/rev), depth of cut (0.65 mm) and cutting velocity (500 rev/min). GRA and RSM results showed acceptable parameters that contribute to the science of machining and this is in good agreement when compared with those obtained from other cutting fluids used for turning operation.
Mathematical and simulation-based analysis of the thermal and electrical performance of a flat plate solar air heater coupled with thermoelectric generators (TEGs)
Authors: Kalu-Uka A. C. , Njoku H. O. , Mgbemene C. A.
Published: November 2022

The thermal performance of a flat plate solar air heater coupled with thermoelectric generators has been studied. A model of the collector was designed and simulations using SCILAB software were carried out to assess its performance. The design was carried out by analyzing the various heat and mass transfer processes which occurred in the components of the air heating system. The analysis resulted in the formulation of mathematical expressions that modeled the conversion of solar energy from the sun into thermal energy absorbed by the air flowing through the collector. The temperatures of the various components of the collector were determined using the finite forward difference discretization method. The cumulative energy generated by the heat source was 87 MJ while the energy gained by the heated exit air amounted to 37 MJ, bringing about a system thermal efficiency of 42%. The electrical efficiency of the model was 8.3%.
Trifolirhizin relieves renal injury in a diabetic nephropathy model by inducing autophagy and inhibiting oxidative stress through the regulation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway
Authors: Xin Yunyi , Xu Xiao , Yang Xufeng , Chen Yufan , Zhu Danning
Published: November 2022

Purpose: To evaluate the effects of trifolirhizin on diabetic nephropathy (DN), and the mechanism of action.

Methods: Male db/db mice (8 weeks, n = 24) and age-matched control mice (n = 6) were obtained. The mice were further divided into four groups and administered increasing doses of trifolirhizin (0, 12.5, 25 and 50 mg/kg). Histological analysis of renal tissues were performed by H & E staining. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Immunoblot and TUNEL assay were performed to investigate the effect of trifolirhizin on autophagy and apoptosis, while ELISA and dihydroethidium (DHE) staining were conducted to evaluate reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels. The effect of trifolirhizin on PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway was determined using Immunoblot assays.

Results: Trifolirhizin alleviated renal injury in diabetic mice, and also activate autophagy and inhibited apoptosis in the renal tissues in diabetic mice (p < 0.001). In addition, trifolirhizin inhibited the oxidative stress response in the renal tissue in diabetic mice (p < 0.001). Trifolirhizin further inhibited PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway and therefore relieved renal injury in the diabetic nephropathy model (p < 0.001).

Conclusion: Trifolirhizin alleviates renal injury in diabetic mice, activates autophagy, and inhibits apoptosis in renal tissue of diabetic mice. Therefore, trifolirhizin is a promising a promising drug for the treatment of DN.
Captopril reverses chronic unpredictable mild stress-induced depression-like behavior in rats via bradykinin-B2r signaling pathway
Authors: Zhang Shaofeng , He Lin
Published: November 2022

Purpose: To investigate the effect of captopril on chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS)-induced depression-like behavior in mice, and the involvement of the bradykinin-B2r signaling pathway in the process.

Methods: Sixty healthy male C57BL/6J mice were assigned to control, model and high-, medium- and low-dose captopril groups and given the drug at doses of 9, 18 and 36 mg/kg, respectively. Open field and elevated cross maze tests were carried out, and escape latency in Morris water maze test was also test. The expressions of bradykinin B2R signal pathway proteins were assayed.

Results: Open arm residence time and open arm entry times were significantly higher in captopril-exposed mice than in model mice, while 5-day escape latency values were significantly less in captopril-treated mice than in model group (p < 0.05). Protein expressions of B2R, bpnf and Cdc42 in captopril groups were significantly higher than those in model group (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: Captopril mitigates CUMS-mediated depression-like disease in mice by regulating bradykinin B2R signal pathway. Therefore, captopril may play an antidepressant role by activating the expressions of B2R, bpnf and Cdc42.
LncRNA-ATB inhibits the proliferation and invasion of NSCLC cells by regulating MiR-200s expression
Authors: Song Liping , Zhao Can , Zhou Yujiao , Lei Tao , Cao Jianguang , Zhu Min
Published: November 2022

Purpose: To investigate the effect of lncRNA-ATB on the proliferation and invasion of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells, and its mechanism of action.

Methods: LncRNA-ATB mRNA levels in carcinoma tissues and normal adjacent tissues of 38 NSCLC patients in Peking University Shougang Hospital were determined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Human NSCLC A549 cell line was divided into control and lncRNA-ATB inhibition (si-ATB) groups, respectively. The proliferation and invasion of cells in each group were assessed. Subsequently, the effect of lncRNA-ATB inhibition on the growth of NSCLC cells was evaluated by subcutaneous tumor formation assay.

Results: The expression of lncRNA-ATB was significantly higher in carcinoma tissues than in normal adjacent tissues in NSCLC patients. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay results showed that si-ATB group displayed a weakened ability of the cells to proliferate (p < 0.05). Furthermore, deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) replication ability was weaker in si-ATB group than in the control group. Wound healing assay results showed that the migration ability of cells in the si-ATB group was lower than that in the control group. Also, lncRNA-ATB knockdown inhibited the invasion ability of human NSCLC cells (p < 0.05). Tumor formation assay data indicate that lncRNA-ATB knockdown significantly repressed the subcutaneous tumor formation ability of NSCLC cells. Furthermore, lncRNA-ATB knockdown in NSCLC cells up-regulated miR-200a, miR-200b and miR-200c.

Conclusion: The expression level of LncRNA-ATB is elevated in carcinoma tissues of NSCLC patients, and its knockdown suppresses the proliferation and invasion of NSCLC cells by up-regulating miR-200s. This finding suggests that it is a potential strategy for the management of NSCLC patients.
Proteasome activator 28A: A clinical biomarker and pharmaceutical target in acute cerebral infarction therapy
Authors: Guo Cuiping , Han Jianghong , Xu Jie , Yuan Zhiyao , Li Dan , Liu Qiang , Wang Zhenghui
Published: November 2022

Purpose: To determine the dynamic changes in serum levels of PA28α in patients with acute cerebral infarction (ACI), and to investigate its correlation with infarct size and neurological deficit of the disease.

Methods: A total of 100 ACI patients and 100 healthy volunteers were recruited from The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University as case and control groups, respectively. Their serum levels of PA28α were determined by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The potential of PA28α in predicting the incidence of ACI was assessed by plotting ROC curves. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to investigate the risk factors of ACI. In addition, an ACI model in rats was established, and ACI rats were classified into 1, 3, 5, 7 and 14 day subgroups based on the duration post-ACI. Rats in the sham group served as control.

Results: Serum level of PA28α was significantly higher in ACI patients than in controls. Moreover, the serum level of PA28α at admission was positively correlated to the NIHSS score and infarct volume of ACI patients. The level of PA28α in ACI rats gradually increased post-ACI, reaching a peak on day 7. The number of apoptotic brain cells in ACI rats gradually decreased after ACI. In addition, PA28α level was negatively correlated to the number of apoptotic brain cells in ACI rats (R2 = 0.5148, p < 0.001).

Conclusion: The serum level of PA28α is elevated in ACI patients, and is positively correlated to infarct volume and neurological deficit of the disease. The dynamic change in brain cell apoptosis post-ACI is negatively correlated to the serum level of PA28α. These findings may provide theoretical basis for the diagnosis and treatment of ACI.
Our Solar Future — Roadmap to Mobilize USD 1 Trillion by 2030
Authors: Layke Jennifer , Van Wie McGrory Laura , Chen Xixi , Corfee-Morlot Jan , Kennedy Kevin
Published: November 2022

This Roadmap provides recommendations for mobilizing a massive and more equitable scale-up of investment in solar energy by 2030. The solution pathways and recommendations in the paper focus on tackling policy and market barriers in all solar market segments, reducing investment risk in developing and emerging economies, and spurring a new level of international collaboration to overcome global investment challenges at scale.
Ocean-Based Climate Action in New and Updated Nationally Determined Contributions
Authors: Khan Micheline , Northrop Eliza , Schindler Murray Lisa
Published: November 2022

Ocean-based climate action can play an important role in achieving the goals of the Paris Agreement. Nationally determined contributions (NDCs) are one of the main mechanisms under the Paris Agreement for countries to communicate their national climate strategies. This working paper analyzes how ocean-based climate actions are included in new and updated nationally determined contributions (NDCs) from island and coastal countries and what this means for implementation over the next five years. Based on an analysis of 106 new and updated NDCs, 77 (73 percent) include at least one target, policy, or measure aimed at ocean-based climate actions.
An Overview of Tax Challenges of Digital Economy
Authors: Usman Ibrahim Mu’azu , Saha Tapash Ranjan
Published: November 2022

The digital economy drives growth, innovation, and competitiveness. Rapid technological advancement contributes to economic and social transformations. Digitalization has produced entirely new business models and poses substantial problems for the current taxation system. An evaluation of the business models of Amazon and Google indicates that such a differentiated approach is required for both the proposed alternatives, i.e., a virtual PE or an equalisation tax. This paper presents the concept of the digital economy, features of the digital economy, business modes of the digital economy, and identifies deficiencies in the existing structure of international taxation as it relates to taxation of the digital economy. The paper further assesses nexus, data, and characterization as major components of the tax challenges of the digital economy, as well as providing mechanisms to address the emerging challenges in the present international tax system. From this study, it can be inferred that there needs to be global consensus that digital enterprises are detrimental to the tax system and that something needs to be done about it.
Investigation of Tribological Properties of Head, Web and Foot Sections of R260 Rail
Authors: BOZKURT Fatih
Published: November 2022

It is important to know tribological properties of rail and wheel for predicting the service life of both components. In railway, the tribological system is open and the harsh working condition can be seen as the contact stress between rail and wheel is extremely high. The behaviour of the tribological system varies depending on the chosen rail-wheel materials and also third body (water, humidity, lubricant, debris and combination of these elements). The coefficient of friction and wear resistance are strongly dominated by chosen material and its properties. Up to now, a number of researchers focused only on the tribological properties of the head of rail material. Recent experimental study has devoted to investigate the tribological properties of head, web and foot sections of R260 rail, as the mechanical properties of rail changes from the head to the foot of rail. Different sections of R260 rail have been evaluated in terms of microstructural, hardness, tribological and wear resistance properties. According to obtained results of the ball-on-disc wear tests, the highest wear resistance belongs the head of R260 rail as expected. The coefficients of friction of the web, head and foot of R260 have been found as 0.39, 0.35 and 0.38, respectively.
Representação de pessoas negras na publicidade: uma análise discursiva da campanha #AvonTáOn
Authors:   , Lourenço Suéllen Stéfani Felício
Published: November 2022

Essa dissertação objetiva analisar discursivamente as representações concernentes às pessoas negras na campanha publicitária #AvonTáOn do ano de 2021. Notadamente, buscou-se com este trabalho: I. Caracterizar o contrato de comunicação que rege a campanha publicitária #AvonTáOn; II. Investigar os componentes linguísticos, sonoros e icônicos que sustentam as representações encontradas. A escolha da Avon como objeto de estudo deveu-se ao reposicionamento da empresa que fora apresentado ao público por meio da parceria inédita com o Big Brother Brasil no ano de 2021. O principal eixo teórico-metodológico utilizado foi a Teoria Semiolinguística de Patrick Charaudeau, que se mostrou relevante por levar em conta a linguagem e o contexto psicossocial que permite a sua manifestação (MACHADO, 1992), além de nos permitir observar como o discurso se concretiza no estrato verbal e no imagético. Para análise elencou-se quatro vídeos da campanha, sendo que em todos estão presentes pessoas negras, o que possibilitou inventariar interpretações para a investigação em torno da questão racial. Dentre os principais resultados, observou-se que a Avon realiza uma tentativa de se distanciar de representações cristalizadas acerca da pessoa negra. Para isso, a empresa buscou promover o enaltecimento das características fenotípicas negras como os narizes arredondados, lábios carnudos, a valorização dos cabelos crespos soltos e a apresentação de mulheres com cabelos bem curtos, através da adoção de procedimentos linguísticos e icônicos. Notou-se a presença de um único homem negro que se distancia de um padrão hegemônico de masculinidade, por apresentar vestimentas na cor rosa e esmalte (elementos atrelados à feminilidade). Por outro lado, apesar de haver uma tentativa da Avon de romper com algumas cristalizações, identificou-se a reprodução do imaginário da mulher negra atrelada ao Carnaval, além do uso de indumentárias e enquadramentos que expõem determinadas partes do corpo, denotando sensualidade. Outrossim, detectou-se uma representação recorrente das pessoas negras como dançarinas, corroborando o imaginário social de que possuem um “talento nato” para a dança. Concluiu-se, a partir das análises, que embora haja uma proposta de reposicionamento da Avon, ainda se observam resgates de construções que, de certo modo, estereotipam a pessoa negra. Palavras-Chave: Pessoas Negras. Avon. Análise do Discurso. Teoria Semiolinguística. Representações Sociais.
Inclusive Leadership in Relationship with Psychological Distress, Organizational Climate and Social Intelligence: A Theoretical Framework Study
Authors: Abdul Rajun Ibnis Shaid , Bikar Singh Soon Singh , Rabe Zulfhikar
Published: November 2022

The chain of global change phenomena occurring in life today has resulted in the urgent need to place world-class education as outlined in the Malaysia Blueprint 2013-2025. Hence, the Ministry of Education installed high-performing leaders in all schools by adopting the Transformative leadership style. The post-pandemic crisis is still haunting the lives of everyone, including teachers1 in schools. The urgency of change makes many teachers experience psychological distress. Therefore, the call to conduct research holistically in leadership, management, and resources to overcome the issue. Hence, this article describes a theoretical framework based on gaps and limitations in most past literature. The theoretical lens of social exchange theory contributes to the relationship between Inclusive Leadership, psychological stress, organizational climate and Social Intelligence. Eventually, the Inclusive Leadership style is not yet widely practiced in schools compared to the Transformational leadership style practiced since 2013. Based on literature reviews, this theoretical framework study uses to investigate Inclusive Leadership in curbing psychological distress among school teachers through organizational Climate and Social intelligence mediation. Therefore, the study of this theory aims to contribute to the field of Educational Leadership and Crisis management. And also beneficial not only to the Ministry of Education and to humankind.
Financial Mechanisms of Regulatory Development of Entrepreneurial Activity of Agricultural Business Entitiese
Authors: PROKOPCHUK OLENA , BECHKO PETRO , VLASYUK SVITLANA , NEPOCHATENKO OLEKSANDR , PTASHNYK SVITLANA
Published: November 2022

Market relations in the agrarian sector of the economy of Ukraine influenced the growth of the independence and commercial responsibility of agricultural business entities regarding the formation and rational use of financial resources. The development of market mechanisms for the regulation of agriculture, the liberalisation of the economy with the simultaneous reduction of the regulatory role of state management structures, without the appropriate preliminary elaboration of the legal, economic, and financial foundations of the transition to market relations led to an increase in the financial risks of many economic entities in the agricultural sector, which are successfully levelled at the expense of financial mechanisms of regulatory development of their entrepreneurial activity. An effective financial mechanism and an effective agrarian policy, its implementation, have been relevant in the context of scientific research for an extended period. Considering this, the purpose of this study was to substantiate a complete system of financial mechanisms for the regulatory development of entrepreneurial activity of economic entities in the agricultural sector of Ukraine. The study used economic and mathematical methods of analysis using statistical data of the EU and OECD countries for 1986-2020, using regression modelling of the interdependencies between the volumes of agricultural production and general state support to farmers, its volumes in terms of types, the influence of individual vectors of support for the total cost of products. The obtained studies indicate the need to develop measures related to the transformation of the system of financial mechanisms for the regulatory development of entrepreneurial activity of agrarian business entities of Ukraine, related to the prioritisation of mechanisms aimed at increasing the volume of investments in the agrarian sector of the economy, comprehensive development of the knowledge system, changes in the infrastructure of services, restrictions on control over the activities of business entities, the volumes of which in Ukraine substantially exceed similar indicators of the countries of the European Union with developed market relations and countries that are part of the OECD.
Farm Size and Technology Implementation: A Comparison between Canada and Ukraine
Authors: KHODAKIVSKA OLGA , PUGACHOV MYKOLA , PUGACHOV VOLODYMYR , MAMCHUR VOLODYMYR , YURCHENKO IHOR
Published: November 2022

Many factors play a vital role in the development of agriculture, which include the technology of production, the size of farms in the country and the national policy (including trade policy) in relation to producers of these products. Therefore, the analysis of the above-mentioned factors in Ukraine stays relevant. The purpose of this study was to investigate the situation in the agricultural sector of both countries to form methods of further development of the sector in Ukraine based on the Canadian practices. The leading research method is analysis, thanks to which the agricultural sector was studied. In addition, the comparison method was used in the study of agriculture in Ukraine and Canada. Canada uses the latest methods of growing and tending produce, while in Ukraine there is still manual labour in some enterprises. It was proved that the main reason for this difference in development is the limited ability of Ukrainian companies to attract investment or use credit. The authors concluded that there are fundamental differences in agricultural development in Ukraine and Canada, the reasons for which are explained not only by different geographical, but also by institutional and historical conditions. Meanwhile, the level of agricultural development in Canada is much higher than in Ukraine, showing the need to borrow some principles of the sector. The main ones among them include active attraction of investments, emphasis on technology development, minimal state interference in the sector and others. A more detailed consideration of finding new opportunities to attract investment in the agricultural sector of Ukraine will remain relevant in the future. The article can be useful for studying the specific features of economic development of the agriculture in Canada and Ukraine; for formation of national policy in this sector; for entrepreneurs to make their investment decisions
KLASİK ÇAĞ’DAN HELENİSTİK DÖNEM SONUNA KADAR OKUL ÖNCESİ YUNAN EĞİTİMİNDE KADININ YERİ: HEMŞİRELER, SÜTANNELER VE DADILAR
Authors: KÜLAHLI Nuriye
Published: November 2022

Öz Bu çalışmanın amacı Klasik Çağ’dan Helenistik Dönem sonuna kadar okul öncesi Yunan eğitiminde kadının yerini belirlemektir. Çocuk eğitimde annelerin yeri tartışmasız büyük olmuştur. Konu ile ilgili kaynaklar, çocuğun bakımı ve eğitimi konusunda annelerin öneminden bahsettiği gibi başka kadınların da varlığına işaret etmektedir. Bu kapsamda, hemşireler, sütanneler ve dadıların okul öncesi Yunan eğitim alanındaki rolleri açıklanmaya çalışılacaktır. Çalışmamızda, Yunanistan anakarası, Batı Anadolu, Girit, Kiklad Adaları, Roma ve Helenistik Krallıklar üzerindeki mevcut arkeolojik buluntular; antik yazarların ve modern yazarların eserlerinden yararlanılarak Antik Çağ okul öncesi eğitiminde kadının yeri ve önemi detaylı olarak ele alınacaktır.
Prevalence and management of hypertension in Korean adults
Authors: Kim Hyeon Chang
Published: November 2022

Background: Hypertension is the leading cause of cardiovascular disease and death worldwide; however, pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments that lower blood pressure can reduce this risk. Therefore, screening for hypertension is highly recommended for all adults.Current Concepts: The prevalence of hypertension, defined as systolic blood pressure >140 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure >90 mmHg, is estimated to be 29.0% in Korean adults aged ≥19 years and 34.2% in those aged ≥30 years. No significant change is observed in age-standardized hypertension in recent times; however, the crude prevalence of hypertension is increasing owing to rapid population aging in Korea. The awareness, treatment, and control rates of hypertension in Korean adults have improved significantly to 72.0%, 66.0%, and 48.0%, respectively. Notably, the number of patients with hypertension who consistently use antihypertensive drugs is gradually increasing.Discussion and Conclusion: Although management of hypertension has rapidly improved in Korea, there is much scope for further improvement. Awareness and treatment rates remain <50% among young patients (aged <50 years) with hypertension; therefore, active management of young adults with hypertension is necessary for optimal control of blood pressure and prevention of cardiovascular disease. Reduction in the discrepancies in hypertension prevalence and management based on socioeconomic status remains challenging.
Epidemiological characteristics of diabetes mellitus in Korea
Authors: Lee Soon Young
Published: November 2022

Background: The estimated prevalence of diabetes mellitus has increased and become a burden among non-communicable diseases due to the accelerated aging population worldwide and the increased prevalence in low-income countries. In Korea, diabetes has become a serious public health concern.Current Concepts: There are four major concerns in diabetes epidemiology. First, the increased obesity rate is associated with increased diabetes prevalence. Second, a more than 40% increase in men and women with prediabetes has been observed. Prediabetes is not only a risk factor for diabetes but can also have pathophysiological effects. Third, one in three patients did not know that they had the disease. Three in four persons with diabetes experienced uncontrolled blood glucose even with treatment. Moreover, the treatment and awareness rates among people with diabetes in their 30s and 40s were lower than 50%. Unhealthy habits such as smoking, alcohol drinking, and inadequate physical activity persist in patients undergoing treatment. Finally, it has recently been found that the risk of developing diabetes is high among cancer survivors and patients recovering from coronavirus disease 2019.Discussion and Conclusion: A strategy should be developed to improve early detection and treatment rate in young people. We need to emphasize the seriousness of the increasing number of people with prediabetes and examine the effects of drug intervention for prediabetes, on the basis of academic research. We should also pay attention to patients who recovered from the newly emerging coronavirus disease 2019 and cancer survivors at risk of developing diabetes.
Therapeutic approach to atopic dermatitis in children
Authors: Jee Hye Mi , Han Man Yong
Published: November 2022

Background: Atopic dermatitis, a chronic inflammatory skin disease can significantly reduce patients’ quality of life. It is commonly observed in infants or young children but can also occur in adults. Patients with atopic dermatitis are at risk of developing food allergies, allergic rhinitis, and asthma.Current Concepts: Treatment of atopic dermatitis should commence with moisturization of epidermal skin and avoidance of environmental factors that may trigger exacerbation of atopic dermatitis. Topical corticosteroid application remains the gold standard for medical management of atopic dermatitis; however, topical corticosteroids are often avoided owing to concerns regarding the adverse effects of these drugs. Recently, several systemic immunosuppressants and biological agents have been introduced for the treatment of atopic dermatitis. These medications are associated with fewer adverse effects than those observed with previous treatments and have therefore shown positive results for successful management of atopic dermatitis.Discussion and Conclusion: It is expected that new drugs tailored to the disease level of each patient will revolutionize the treatment of atopic dermatitis more effectively in future.
Resisting politics of male control and gender-based violence in the Borana girls’ song
Authors: Wako Fugich
Published: November 2022

This paper interrogates the songs of girls that contest this marginalised position by questioning the authorities of parents, brothers, husbands and mothers-in-law. It documents, analyses and teases out the meaning of these oral songs within a theoretical framework of feminist orientation. The girls’ song was collected from Sololo Division, Moyale District. The Borana songs by girls were collected in situ. The paper also drew the library research for purposes of theoretical grounding, literature review and profundity in data analysis and interpretation. A focused group discussion was also held with some informants who demonstrated their knowledge of these songs and the culture of the Borana community in general. Finally, the collected data were analysed for their contents. These were texts of the songs, field notes for the critical responses from the audience in the form of condemnation or commendation, and cultural contexts of the performances. Singers who invoke alternative viewpoints contest the very instruments of power such as culture, tradition, religion, age and gender used by patriarchy to legitimise its practice of marginalisation of and control over girls. As a result, a fresh dimension of social transformation emerges. The paper argues that the girls have a collective desire to be part of the Borana community without being subjected to gender-based discrimination. It concludes that the songs are used as sites of contestation that invoice the rejection of these discriminations and reaffirm their belongingness to mainstream society.
Digital Literacy and Vulnerability to Misinformation
Authors: Ali Ayesha , Qazi Ihsan Ayyub
Published: November 2022

Lack of digital literacy can be a major barrier towards improving the informational well-being of Internet users. Using a field survey of 674 Facebook users in urban Pakistan, we find significant differences in individuals' ability to use common Facebook features. We find that digital literacy is lower among older, less educated, lower income and female users, which points to barriers faced by different demographic groups in improving their digital literacy. Moreover, lower digital literacy is associated with worse truth discernment, lower sharing of true news, emotional reactions to online content, but not more confirmation bias.
Treatment Options for VEXAS Syndrome
Authors: Goring Sarah , Horton Jennifer
Published: November 2022

VEXAS (vacuoles, E1 enzyme, X-linked, autoinflammatory, somatic) syndrome is a disorder caused by a genetic mutation, and is characterized by hematologic and autoinflammatory symptoms that are severe and progressive. It is typically seen in older men and is considered to be rare.
Proposed treatments for VEXAS syndrome include DNA hypomethylating agents such as azacitidine, anti-IL6 monoclonal antibodies such as tocilizumab, and Janus kinase inhibitors such as ruxolitinib.
We found 5 non-randomized studies on the effectiveness of the proposed treatments — 4 on azacitidine; 1 on ruxolitinib; and 1 on azacitidine, ruxolitinib, and tocilizumab.
There are several limitations to the research studies, most notably that they included a small number of patients who were retrospectively identified as having VEXAS syndrome. Therefore, the effectiveness of tocilizumab, ruxolitinib, and azacitidine for treating VEXAS syndrome is uncertain.
We did not find any evidence-based guidelines on the management of VEXAS syndrome.
PERSEPSI SISWA TERHADAP KEGIATAN PENDIDIKAN LUAR KELAS : STUDI KASUS DI SMP BOARDING SCHOOL
Authors: NADYA LUCKY , SANTOSO RIDWAN
Published: November 2022

This study aims to determine students' perceptions of additional activities carried out by the school every Friday. SMP Quran Darrul Ikhlas Pringsewu is a place of research, as well as implementing additional activity programs that are applied to each student. Research data were obtained from 10 students who became research informants. Collecting research data using interview techniques. The data were analyzed by reducing the data, coding the data, looking for relationships between themes, and making conclusions. The research findings provide information that students can get used to habituation that is done regularly. Students become excited when the teacher can facilitate activities outside the classroom that can be integrated into the learning process.
ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Persepsi siswa terhadap kegiatan tambahan yang dilakukan sekolah pada setiap hari jumat. SMP Quran Darrul Ikhlas Pringsewu merupakan tempat penelitian, sekaligus pelaksana program kegiatan tambahan yang diberlakukan kepada setiap siswanya. Data penelitian diperoleh dari 10 siswa yang menjadi informan penelitian. Pengumpulan data penelitian menggunakan teknik wawancara. Data dianalisis dengan mereduksi data, mengkode data, mencari hubungan antar tema, dan membuat simpulan. Temuan penelitian memberikan informasi bahwa siswa dapat terbiasa dengan pembiasaan yang dilakukan secara rutin. Siswa menjadi bersemangat ketika guru dapat memfasilitasi kegiatan di luar kelas yang dapat diintegrasikan kedalam proses pembelajaran.
Épitranscriptomique virale
Authors: NETZBAND Rachel , PAGER Cara T.
Published: November 2022

L’épitranscriptomique virale est un domaine en pleine expansion qui étudie les changements des marques chimiques sur l’acide ribonucléique (ARN) au cours d’une infection virale. À ce jour, plus de 160 marques chimiques, ou modifications, ont été identifiées soit sur la nucléobase soit sur le ribose de l’ARN.