bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Review on the Role of the Metal Catalysts in the Synthesis of Pharmacologically Important Quinoline Substrate
Authors: Mahajan Akhil , Chundawat Tejpal Singh
Published: October 2018

Quinoline stands out amongst the most essential N-based heterocyclic biologically active compounds. Friedlieb Ferdinand Runge was first to isolate quinoline from coal tar in 1834. Chemical component, quinine found in the bark of cinchona tree was used for treatment of malaria in the year of 1820. Quinoline derivatives have been found to exhibit different therapeutic activities such as antimalarial, antibacterial, antifungal, antiplatelet, anticancer, antitubercular, etc. There are a couple of promising compounds with the Quinoline skeleton like Pamaquine, Chloroquine, Tafenoquine, Bulaquine, Quinine and Mefloquine which show Antimalarial activity. All the methodologies in last decade had been covered to provide a comprehensive review on the development of Quinoline analogs using metal catalyst. Since quinoline and its auxiliaries have extensive pharmacological activities and are moreover utilized as ligands in various metal complexes, various procedures have been now and again reported for their synthesis. We have tried here undertaking to collect a huge part of the procedure that has been represented in the written work by use of metal driving force. This review will be especially profitable to the examiner in quick exploring and developing another ecopleasing, capable and judicious protocol.
Bioguided Fractionation of Citrullus colocynthis Extracts and Antifungal Activity Against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. albedinis
Authors: Ghazi Redhwane , Boulenouar Noureddine , Cheriti Abdelkrim , Reddy Kandappa H. , Govender Patrick
Published: October 2018

Background:

In the present study, a bioguided fractionation was realized to isolate bioactive
compounds on Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. albedinis (Foa) from Citrullus colocynthis L. Foa is the causal
agent of “ Bayoud”, a lethal disease of date palm.

Methods:

Extracts of Citrullus colocynthis fruits peels using four solvents (n-hexane, dichloromethane,
ethanol, chloroform) were tested for antifungal effect on Foa with radial growth technique. The ethanolic
extract was selected for fractionation to isolate bioactive compounds (Percentage of Growth Reduction
“PGR”: 63.6%). The fractionation was realized using six solvents (hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl
acetate, methanol, butanol, water). Through fractionation, methanolic and butanolic fractions (PGR=
57.6% and 69.7%, respectively) had been chosen for bioactive compounds isolation.

Results:

Chromatographic and spectroscopic analyses had led to isolation of six compounds deduced as:
(C1): 2-O-β-D-glucopyranosylcucurbitacin E; (C2): 2-(Nonan-8-one)-(1H)-4-quinolone; (C3): 2-
(Nonan-8-one) 4-methoxy-quinoline, (C4): Isosaponarin; (C5): Isovitexin; (C6): Isoorientin 3’-Omethyl
ether. The isolated compounds had been tested for antifungal effect. The compound (C1) represents
the best effect among isolated compounds (PGR, up to 54.5%).

Conclusion:

The efficiency of (C1) reflects its opportunity to be used for the development of efficient
treatment against Bayoud disease.
Design of One-dimensional Nickel Grating Based Broadband Absorber
Authors: Zhiwen Wang , Wei Yuan , Jinliang Gong , Qianjian Guo
Published: October 2018

Background: Electromagnetic wave absorbers that has near perfect performance have been
studied since 2008, various one dimensional and two dimensional structures have been optimized.
High absorption at certain frequency can be easily realized. However, high absorption that covers
broad band is relatively hard to realized.

Method: In this paper, a nickel nanograting is designed by using rigorous coupled wave analysis theory.
The effect of grating height and grating width on absorption performance is analyzed physically by
using equivalent medium theory and Fabry-Pérot resonate theory.

Results: Because of the intrinsic absorption character and the influence of F-P resonance, TM absorption
shows periodically increase with the increasing of metal thickness. Absorption of the TE polarization
slightly increases with the increasing of grating height. Peak absorption of TM polarization light
can be gotten when DC of 0.52 is chosen, however, absorption performance of TE polarization light
degrades seriously. In this paper, DC of 0.19 is chosen.

Conclusion: A one dimensional nickel grating based broadband absorber is analyzed in this paper.
The proposed absorber has good absorption performance over the visible band, and shows no clear
degradation over a wide incident angle (-40° to 40°).
Hybrid Intelligence Based Routing Protocols in Wireless Sensor Networks: A Survey
Authors: Kumar Dilip , Kaur Tarunpreet
Published: October 2018

Over the decades, wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have reached its greatest heights and
started to emerge into various applications, ranging from health care to multimedia transmission. In
these application domains, smart autonomous low power tiny devices known as sensor nodes form a
wireless network to transmit their sensed data to the base station (BS) via multi-hop routing or directly.
Implementation of routing techniques in WSNs is significantly challenging due to the resourceconstrained
nature of the sensor nodes. Therefore, WSN researchers have turned to different Computational
intelligence (CI) techniques in an attempt to design efficient routing protocols in WSN.
However, the conventional routing protocols based on computational intelligence techniques have
some drawbacks viz., slow convergence rate, large memory constraints, highly sensitive to initial
value, large communication overheads, and high learning period. These issues have received considerable
research attention at the network layer, which leads to the development of hybrid intelligence
techniques to address the routing problems. Therefore, this paper presents a systematic survey on hybrid
intelligence techniques based routing protocols in WSNs. Moreover, a comparative analysis of
reviewed protocols with their strengths and limitations is also included in the survey.
Modern view on a problem «children with recurrent infections» (frequently ill children) and their immune status
Authors: Kazumian M. A. , Vasilenok A. V. , Teplyakova E. D.
Published: October 2018

The article presents the review of the domestic and international researches devoted to one of the most «problem» aspects of pediatrics – to patients with recurrent infections (frequently ill children) and to their immune status (an immune imbalance). Children with recurrent infections (frequently ill children) are characterized by higher, than their peers, incidence of acute respiratory infection (ARI). ARI frequency up to 8 times a year can be a normal variant at favorable course, at the same time an immune imbalance is compensated by immune system.
Comparison between minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis and open plating for proximal humeral fractures: a meta-analysis
Authors: Zang Jia-cheng , Du Jing-jing , Li Chen , Wang Jing-bo , Ma Xin-long
Published: October 2018

Aim:
We conducted this meta-analysis for comparing the efficacy and safety in proximal humeral fractures by treatment minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis and open plating.
Methods:
The potential academic literature were identified from the Cochrane Library, Springer, PubMed, Embase and ScienceDirect. Pooled data were analyzed by RevMan 5.1.
Results:
Seven studies marched with the inclusion criteria. Meta-analysis showed the significant differences in terms of blood loss, operative time, length of hospital stays and constant score between two groups. No significant differences were found in time to union, the union rate and complications.
Conclusion:
Minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis in proximal humeral fractures provided significantly shorter operative times, length of hospital stays, less blood loss and better clinical outcomes without increasing complications.
German dairy farmers’ attitudes toward farm animal welfare and their willingness to participate in animal welfare programs: a cluster analysis
Authors: Heise Heinke , Theuvsen Ludwig
Published: October 2018

Farm animal welfare (FAW) is at the center of a controversial public debate, and the demand for higher farm animal welfare standards is growing. Nevertheless, there are hardly any dairy products from pure animal welfare programs (AWPs) on the market. Although dairy farmers are a very important stakeholder group for the successful implementation of AWPs, very little is known about their attitudes toward the introduction of such programs. For this study, 258 conventional dairy farmers in Germany were questioned about FAW and AWPs via an online survey. We identified five clusters (farmer groups) that significantly differ with regard to their attitudes toward AWPs, FAW, and their own willingness to improve the level of animal welfare or take part in specialized AWPs. Cluster A consists of farmers who strongly oppose AWPs; farmers in this cluster will probably not take part in AWPs, especially because they do not consider it profitable to do so. Farmers in cluster B also view AWPs and the associated market effects with some skepticism; however, they are willing to improve their level of animal welfare and, therefore, may someday become willing to participate in AWPs. Cluster C farmers have diverse attitudes toward AWPs; since they are slightly willing to improve the level of animal welfare on their farms and as they are comparatively most optimistic concerning the market effects of higher animal welfare standards, these farmers could also become AWP participants in the future. Farmers in cluster D have positive attitudes toward AWPs and show the highest willingness among the five clusters to improve animal welfare on their farms. However, when it comes to the market effects of higher national animal welfare standards and the market potential for more animal-friendly products, these farmers are the most skeptical; if the economic security of AWPs were guaranteed, Cluster D farmers would probably constitute an important target group. Farmers in cluster E have positive attitudes toward AWPs, show a high willingness to improve the own FAW, and tend to be less skeptical about the market effects of higher animal welfare standards; these farmers constitute the most important potential target group for AWPs. Our results can provide a starting point for the design of tailor-made AWPs that fulfill the requirements of both dairy farmers and the broader public.
Adaptation and Negotiation of Muslims within the Local Catholic Community in Eastern Indonesia
Authors: Widyawati Fransiska , S. Lon Yohanes
Published: October 2018

Muslims are a minority group in Manggarai, Flores, East Nusa Tenggara. They live alongside the Catholics who make up the majority of the population. The Catholics are known to have a strong sense of tradition in addition to their faith. The tradition is centered around rituals involving sacrificial animals and food deemed haram in Islam. As a result, Muslims are faced with a challenge that hinders their practice of the halal lifestyle. They are compelled to find ways of adaptation and negotiation, through which they can practice their faith while living in harmony and integrated with the Manggarai community. This study explores some common models which have been adopted by Muslims in Manggarai to adapt and negotiate their standing in society and factors that influence such behaviors. This ethnographic study found various working models of adaptation and negotiation that enable Muslim minorities to integrate into society while maintaining their halal lifestyle. The models depend on many factors such as cultural background, interpersonal relationship, place and time, bargaining power, personal preference, peer pressure, mindset, and interpretation of the sacred text. This study argues that the Muslim minority in Manggarai applies the non-monolithic nature of Islam. The practice of a halal lifestyle in Islam is not only a religious matter but also a socio, economic, and political one.
Managers' Cultural Background and Disclosure Attributes
Authors: Brochet Francois , Miller Gregory S. , Naranjo Patricia , Yu Gwen
Published: October 2018

We examine how managers' ethnic cultural background affects their communication with investors. Using earnings conference calls with executives from 42 countries, we find that managers from ethnic groups that have a more individualistic culture use a more optimistic tone and exhibit greater self-reference. Managers' ethnic culture has a lasting effect and persists for executives whose work experience later exposes them to different ethnic cultures. The effect of ethnic heritage is observed in dialogues that reflect real-time interactions (i.e., Q&A ) and is less pronounced in the scripted, less spontaneous portion of the calls (i.e., management discussion). Analysts respond positively to optimistic tone, but only those who share the manager's ethnic background adjust their earnings forecasts for the cultural component of managerial tone. The findings suggest that managers' ethnic background has a significant effect on how they communicate with the capital market and how the market responds to the disclosure.
Affiliated Former Partners on the Audit Committee: Influence on the Auditor-Client Relationship and Audit Quality
Authors: Christensen Brant E. , Omer Thomas C. , Shelley Marjorie K. , Wong Paul A.
Published: October 2018

Researchers and practitioners have expressed the need to understand better the interactions between audit committees and auditors and how these interactions affect audits. Former partners affiliated with the external auditor and serving on the audit committee are a subset of audit committee members who can affect the audit. Consistent with social identity theory, we find that companies with an affiliated partner on their audit committee are less likely to dismiss the member's former firm than companies without the affiliation. Further, we find improved audit quality and increased effectiveness of auditor effort when affiliated partners serve on the audit committee. Finally, this quality improvement occurs contemporaneously with a reduction in audit fees and time spent on fieldwork, suggesting increased efficiency. Our study provides evidence that affiliated former partners on audit committees extend the tenure of the auditor-client relationship while also improving audit processes and outcomes.

JEL Classifications: M4; M42; G3.
Effects of Translation on Probability Judgments: Evidence from the IFRS in Taiwan
Authors: Lin Hsiao-Lun , Yeh Shu-Ling , Yen Ai-Ru
Published: October 2018

Following the trend toward a globalized accounting standard, many non-English-speaking countries have adopted the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). Translation of the IFRS from English to other languages is inevitable; thus, it is crucial to ensure that the original meanings of the standard requirements are not affected by translation. Using accounting students from a university in Taiwan as participants, we found that nearly half of probability expressions from the IFRS were differently interpreted before and after translation. And the effects of translation were moderated by the participants' accounting knowledge and English proficiency. Our results show that improving participants' accounting knowledge or English fluency would reduce variations in interpretations of probability expressions before and after the translation. Finally, we found that translation has more impact on participants' interpretations of negative expressions than positive expressions.
Atherosclerosis and Microvascular Complications: Results From the Canadian Study of Longevity in Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Lovshin Julie A. , Bjornstad Petter , Lovblom Leif E. , Bai Johnny-Wei , Lytvyn Yuliya , Boulet Geneviève , Farooqi Mohammed A. , Santiago Sam , Orszag Andrej , Scarr Daniel , Weisman Alanna , Keenan Hillary A. , Brent Michael H. , Paul Narinder , Bril Vera , Perkins Bruce A. , Cherney David Z.I.
Published: October 2018

OBJECTIVE

Type 1 diabetes carries a significant risk for cardiovascular mortality, but it is unclear how atherosclerosis associates with microvascular complications. We aimed to determine the relationships between atherosclerotic burden and neuropathy, retinopathy, and diabetic kidney disease (DKD) in adults with a ≥50-year history of type 1 diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

Adults with type 1 diabetes (n = 69) underwent coronary artery calcification (CAC) volume scoring by wide-volume computerized tomography. Microvascular complications were graded as follows: neuropathy by clinical assessment, electrophysiology, vibration and cooling detection thresholds, heart rate variability, and corneal confocal microscopy; retinopathy by ultra–wide-field retinal imaging; and DKD by renal hemodynamic function measured by inulin and para-aminohippurate clearance at baseline and after intravenous infusion of angiotensin II. The cohort was dichotomized to high (≥300 Agatston units [AU]) or low (<300 AU) CAC and was stratified by diabetes status. A comparator group without diabetes (n = 73) matched for age and sex also underwent all study procedures except for retinal imaging.

RESULTS

CAC scores were higher in participants with type 1 diabetes (median Agatston score 1,000 [interquartile range = 222, 2,373] AU vs. 1 [0.75] AU in comparators, P < 0.001). In participants with type 1 diabetes, high CAC scores associated with markers of neuropathy and retinopathy, but not with DKD, or renal hemodynamic function at baseline or in response to angiotensin II.

CONCLUSIONS

The presence of high CAC in adults with longstanding type 1 diabetes was associated with large nerve fiber neuropathy and retinopathy but not with renal hemodynamic function, suggesting that neuropathy, retinopathy, and macrovascular calcification share common risk factors.
Calidad de vida y estado de ánimo de un paciente con miastenia gravis / Quality of life and mood of a patient with myasthenia gravis
Authors: Rodríguez García Claudia , Vargas Santillán Ma. de Lourdes , Osnaya Baltierra Santiago , Estrada Reyna Itzel del Rocío
Published: October 2018

La miastenia gravis (MG) es una enfermedad autoinmune, de origen desconocida y que repercute en la unión neuromuscular, lo que origina debilidad en la musculatura esquelética y, por lo tanto, tiene como característica la generación de fatiga. Esta sintomatología repercute en las actividades físicas de quienes la padecen y se suele contrarrestar con reposo (Suárez, 2000).El objetivo de este trabajo es dar a conocer el seguimiento de un paciente con MG: su diagnóstico, el tratamiento y la evolución de esta enfermedad. La persona en cuestión fue diagnosticada desde los cinco años de edad, por lo que también se evalúa cómo esta enfermedad ha repercutido en su calidad de vida y estado de ánimo.La presente investigación tiene un enfoque cuantitativo; el estudio es de tipo retro-prospectivo. Prospectivo porque se busca evaluar la calidad de vida y el estado de ánimo del paciente; retrospectivo porque se retoman los antecedentes de la evolución de la enfermedad por medio del expediente clínico.Para cumplir con ello, se realizó la historia clínica del paciente: se revisó su estado de salud general, sus antecedentes patológicos y no patológicos, sus notas de evolución y se efectuaron estudios diagnósticos y de laboratorio; dichos instrumentos de evaluación se aplicaron en un solo momento. Se utilizó, además, el test de depresión de Hamilton, el cual sirve para evaluar a los pacientes que se cree puedan estar sufriendo un trastorno de ansiedad o depresión. También se aplicó el World Health Organization Quiality of Life Questionnaire (WHOQOL). Este test se centra en la calidad de vida percibida por la persona, aportando un perfil de la misma y dando una puntuación global de las áreas. Entre los resultados se encontró que el paciente, un adulto joven de 21 años, presenta gastritis e insomnio. Además, debido a que desde los cinco años ha tomado pastillas para controlar la MG, sus dientes se fueron descalcificando y, en consecuencia, requirió del uso de dientes postizos. Con respecto a la aplicación del test de depresión de Hamilton, se descubrió que está sufriendo un trastorno de depresión severa. Sin embargo, siguiendo el resultado de la aplicación del instrumento de calidad de vida, el paciente cuenta una calidad de vida regular.
DIFFERENTIATION OF POLYNOMIALS IN SEVERAL VARIABLES OVER GALOIS FIELDS OF FUZZY CARDINALITY AND APPLICATIONS TO REED-MULLER CODES
Authors: Deundyak V. M. , Mogilevskaya N. S.
Published: October 2018

Introduction. Polynomials in several variables over Galois fields provide the basis for the Reed-Muller coding theory, and are also used  in a number of cryptographic problems. The properties of such polynomials specified over the derived Galois fields of fuzzy cardinality are studied. For the results obtained,  two  real-world  applications  are  proposed: partitioning scheme and Reed-Muller code decoder.

Materials and Methods. Using linear algebra, theory of Galois fields, and general theory of polynomials in several variables, we have obtained results related to the differentiation and integration  of polynomials  in  several  variables  over  Galois fields of fuzzy cardinality. An analog of the differentiation operator is constructed and studied for vectors.

Research Results. On the basis of the obtained results on the differentiation and integration of polynomials, a new decoder for Reed-Muller codes of the second order is given, and a scheme for organizing the partitioned transfer of confidential data is proposed. This is a communication system in which the source data on the sender is divided into several parts and, independently of one  another,  transmitted  through  different communication channels, and then, on the receiver, the initial data is restored of the parts retrieved. The proposed scheme feature is that it enables to protect data, both from the nonlegitimate access, and from unintentional errors; herewith, one  and  the  same  mathematical  apparatus  is  used  in  both cases. The developed decoder for the second-order Reed-Muller codes prescribed over the derived odd Galois field may have a constraint to the recoverable error level; however, its use is advisable for a number of the communication channels.

Discussion    and    Conclusions.    The    proposed    practical applications   of   the   results   obtained   are   useful   for   the organization of reliable communication systems. In future, it is planned  to  study  the  restoration  process  of  the  original polynomial by its derivatives, in case of their partial distortion, and the development of appropriate applications.
Yakut village in 1945–1947: crop failure, drought, famine (from the correspondence of local authorities with the Bolshevik Central Committee and the Council of People’s Commissars of the USSR)
Authors:   North-Eastern Federal University, Sivtseva Saassylana Innokentyevna
Published: October 2018

The Great Patriotic War, its severe consequences strongly affected the economic situation of the population in the second half of the 1940s. In the midst of widespread devastation, collective farmers faced crop failures and droughts. The lack of centralized supply meant that their well-being was totally dependent on their vegetable gardens, market and exchange (as it was in 1941–1945). In Yakutia, where growing fruits and vegetables was hardly ever available (due to the harsh climate) and the personal cattle was collectivized, collective farmers still lived in extreme poverty. This fact is proved by the correspondence of local authorities with the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of the Bolsheviks and the Council of People’s Commissars of the USSR as well as the inspections of party control committees and the Ministry of Agriculture of the USSR.
The native language preservation problems of the indigenous peoples of the North (a case of Magadan region)
Authors:   North-Eastern State University, Dorzheeva Viktoria Vladimirovna , Sleptsova Olga Yuryevna ,   North-Eastern State University
Published: October 2018

The preservation of the traditional culture of the indigenous peoples of the North is a topical and multifaceted challenge faced by the state and society. The conservation and development of ethnic languages of indigenous peoples serve as the crucial component of preserving and transmitting the traditional culture. There are different problems in this regard which determine the relevance of the study. The authors look at the common issues of defining ‘native language’ in the Russian legislation and the challenges of implementing the regional laws and regulations on the survival of indigenous languages. The study provides a brief historical analysis of the practice of preserving the ethnic languages of the indigenous minorities in Magadan region. The research includes a statistical analysis of the native language skills among the indigenous peoples of the North and the native language teaching situation in Magadan region. The authors note a set of problems of the native language preservation and its legal regulation. It is concluded that it is necessary to apply an integrated approach to solving the problems of conserving native languages and developing the language environment.
Modern European culture: features, values, development trends
Authors: Egoreichenko Aleksandra Borisovna ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: October 2018

The study examines the main characteristics of European culture and its development trends. The author analyzes the European culture from the historical perspective considering the relationships of the modern culture with the ancient one as well as with other historical periods. The research focuses on such European values as freedom, protection of human rights, tolerance. The author highlights several key trends of modern European culture: the enhanced role of local communities; the integrated and unified rules and standards of European culture; the technology implementation; the support for cultural heritage. The study provides information on modern programs preserving cultural heritage by the European Union, current data on public opinion polls on cultural issues. Besides, the research describes the challenges faced by the European culture (migration, social and cultural, technocratic and environmental).
The axiological dimension of the modern Kyrgyz society
Authors:   Kyrgyz-Russian Slavic University, Bektanova Aigul Karibaevna
Published: October 2018

The area of social development is mainly determined by value priorities. Nowadays, the study of the value system prevailing in society is relevant in the context of qualitative social transformations. Based on the social research, an attempt is made to analyze the values of the modern Kyrgyz society. The latter undergoes modernization and reforms. Besides, it faces a serious crisis in all spheres of life, including the spiritual one. The author correlates the cultural crisis with the value crisis as any culture is based on the value system. Due to the fact that the Kyrgyz society can be divided into five main groups varied in value priorities, the author reveals that the traditional and Soviet values prevail in the modern Kyrgyz society. At the same time, they are gradually replaced by the modernization values related to the Western cultural values.
Electronic criminal case at the pre-trial stages of the criminal process in Russia
Authors:   Federal Center of Theoretical and Applied Sociology  of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Batykov Ivan Vladimirovich
Published: October 2018

The paper presents the results of a study conducted by the Sociological Examination Laboratory of the Federal Center of Theoretical and Applied Sociology of the Russian Academy of Sciences supported by the Center for the Development of Economic Ethics and Legal Relations. The purpose of the study was to determine how low literacy of consumers can affect the situation of the entrepreneurial rights. The research notes that there is no concept of consumer rights in the Federal State Educational Standards in such fields of study as Service, Tourism, Hospitality and Jurisprudence, which explains the need to im-prove and develop these instruments. Based on study results, the author recommends devising pro-grams in the field of education and information poli-cy, policy towards non-profit organizations, gov-ernment programs, protection of intellectual proper-ty of producers as well as competition and trade regulation policy.
Recognizing the absolute nature of human rights and the restrictions on them in the context of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms of 1950 and the Russian law
Authors:   Kemerovo State University, Lisina Natalia Leonidovna
Published: October 2018

The research discusses the legal significance of the state environmental review when providing a favor-able environment in cities. Based on the under-standing of the legal nature of the environmental review and the analysis of the legislative amend-ments, the author compares it with the town-planning review, identifies the shortcomings of the latter in the field of the environmental protection and proves that the state environmental review is indispensable in conserving the environment in cit-ies. Taking into account the environmental features in megacities, the author proposes the priority measures to improve the institution of state envi-ronmental review. The research findings can serve as a basis for further studies. Besides, they will de-fine the key improvements in the environmental law in cities and the environmental review being imple-mented.
Preventive risk management of innovative development in commercial banks
Authors:   Financial University under the Government of  the Russian Federation, Serebrova Maria Valeryevna
Published: October 2018

The level of development and deployment of new technologies have always determined the pace of economic development of any state. In the context of the modern technological revolution, the innova-tion processes are becoming one of the main and permanent development factors. Nowadays, the focus is on the innovation management processes. Innovation, in turn, is constantly associated with risks. The banking sector differs significantly from the material production sector in the arrangement of the innovation process. These differences include a large number of customers, the heavy interdepend-ence of banks and clients and the strong interbank competition that necessitates innovation. That is why the study analyzes the current issue of preven-tive risk management of innovative development in commercial banks.
Approaches to assessing the adequacy of public (municipal) institutions providing public (municipal) social services
Authors:   Financial Research Institute of  the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation, Khabaev Sergei Georgievich , Kradinov Pavel Grigoryevich ,   Financial Research Institute of  the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation
Published: October 2018

The draft of the Federal Law on the Public (Munici-pal) Social Demand for Rendering Public (Municipal) Social Services was submitted to the lower chamber of the Russian Parliament. Its main task is to im-prove the quality and availability of public and mu-nicipal services by involving non-governmental or-ganizations in their provision. At the same time, every public legal entity is free to decide to use the mechanisms provided for by this bill. The research analyzes the domestic practice of assessing the need for public services at both federal and regional levels. The potential of public (municipal) institu-tions is defined. The authors apply the indicators of staff sufficiency and capacity of public (municipal) institutions and interpret the results of the analysis of these indicators. An approach is presented to assess the adequacy of public (municipal) institu-tions that provide public (municipal) social services.
The improvement of labor management in a road construction and maintenance company (a case of the Nizhnegorsky Road Construction and Maintenance Department of Krymavtodor)
Authors:   Krasnodar University of  the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Uporov Ivan Vladimirovich
Published: October 2018

The paper deals with the theoretical, constitutional and legal aspects of the powers of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation in the field of lo-cal government from the viewpoint of legal regula-tion of this important institution of the modern Rus-sian society. The research analyzes the provisions of the Constitution of the Russian Federation, the Fed-eral Law on General Principles of Local Government in the Russian Federation as of October 06, 2003, other federal and regional laws, treatises on the problems stated. The author notes that the legisla-tive bodies of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation carry out this legal regulation. Compared to the previous federal municipal law of 1995 and the first version of the federal law of 2003, its current draft reduces the powers of the above-mentioned legislative bodies. The study proves that this phe-nomenon is caused less by the desire of the federal legislator to centralize the legal regulation of social relations in the field of local government than by the inadequate law-making potential of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.
Optimal Cartographic Representation of Geographical Mobile Phenomena on Thematic Maps
Authors: Dobs Abdul-Rahman
Published: October 2018

Nature is full of geographical kinetic phenomena; some are tangible such as population emigration, money transfer, goods movement and transportation. Yet others are intangible such as energy, thoughts, reputation and civilization. These phenomena have got specific characteristics while moving such as the movement’s route, speed, locations, strength of the kinetic phenomena and their type and structure. Different geographical kinetic phenomena can be illustrated on maps called “Animation Maps”, which are considered part of the Thematic Maps, based on their nature and function by the motion symbols. This article studies most of the cartographic representation methods that are used in designing Thematic Maps. It also concentrates on motion symbolizing methods. It studies the nature and types of kinetic phenomena and identifies their different characteristics, and presents and analyzes its numerous demonstration ways on maps, using animation symbols. Finally, it reveals the best ways to design and present Animation Maps. This paper aims to study kinetic phenomena and their kinds and characteristics, and to analyze the methods currently used to demonstrate them on Animation Maps. This leads to suggest new methods and ways in this field, in order to assist in demonstrating geographical phenomena on maps accurately and clearly. The study reached a number of results such as determining cartographic representation methods and their fields, and finding the best optimal representation methods of kinetic geographical phenomena, and their different characteristics on Thematic Maps, and thus determining the best methods to design and present Animation Maps.
Damath, The Companion and Narrator of Abu Obaidah, His Life, His Narrations and His Empirical View Towards Implied (ān)
Authors: Balhaf Amer Fael
Published: October 2018

This paper attempts to introduce a linguist who didn’t obtain the fame and fortune, Rafeea Bin Salamh Alabdi, known as (Damath), the companion and the narrator of Abu Obaidah Muammar bin Almuthanna; from whom he narrated and learned the language, events, history, and genealogy, by means of narrating on one hand, and through writing down his books on the other one. This study consists of three sections, introduction and a conclusion. The first section is about Damath: his name, nickname, surname, pedigree, his relationship with Abu Obaidah, his features, rank and then his death. The second section is about his narrations (topics of his narrations, his references, quotations and their linguistic values). The third section is about a grammatical issue linked to implied (ān) with the present tense preceded by fa, waw or Aw focusing on the opinions of the grammarians about the problem and on the general principles which had been applied in this implication. The study concluded with important findings such as introducing an unknown linguist to the researchers in the linguistics and grammatical fields, in acknowledgement of his scientific heritage and linguistics contribution.
Mujeres en la historia del movimiento de teatros independientes de Buenos Aires: aportes para la historia de La Cortina y el Teatro Espondeo
Authors: Fukelman María
Published: October 2018

La práctica teatral independiente, iniciada en Buenos Aires a partir de 1930, trajo aparejados algunos cambios en los tradicionales quehaceres teatrales. Uno de ellos se puede ver en el rol de dirección, que fue cobrando mayor protagonismo. Los objetivos de este trabajo son: 1) abordar las labores de distintas mujeres que llevaron adelante roles de dirección en el movimiento de teatros independientes; 2) rescatarlas del olvido; 3) analizarlas comparativamente,; y 4) vincularlas con sus participaciones dentro de los partidos políticos y de los movimientos de mujeres. En este sentido, llegamos a elaborar la hipótesis de que existe una correlación entre su involucramiento en la lucha feminista y en la posibilidad que tuvieron (y dieron a otras mujeres) de ocupar cargos de dirección.
On Almost Alpha Kenmotsu (k,u)-Spaces
Authors: Öztürk Hakan , Öztürk S.
Published: October 2018

In this paper, the geometry of almost alpha Kenmotsu (k,u)-spaces are studied. Finally, we give an illustrative example on almost alpha Kenmotsu (k,u)-space of dimension .
Some Generalizations of Green’s Relations in Rings and Modules
Authors: Cela Florion
Published: October 2018

In semigroups theory Green’s relations, introduced by J. Green, are a very important and useful tool for developing the semigroup theory. They characterise the element of a semigroup or a ring in terms of the principal ideals they generate. In contrast to early semigroup theory , where, as we have seen, ideas from ring’s were applied to semigroups, Green’s relation’s have also been applied to ring’s (Hollings, 2014). In ring theory Green’s relation’s are introduced by (Petro,2002) In this paper at first we generalize Green’s relations in rings. After this we notice that there exist an one to one correspondence between the ideals of a ring and this type of new relations we introduced.Then we compare them with Green’s relations in rings. At last we define some new relations in module theory, which mimic Green’s relations in rings, as an attempt to get tools in studying modules.
Práticas estratégicas voltadas para a inovação: investigação sobre implantação de produtos inovadores
Authors: Beduschi Eliane Fátima Strapazzon , Bencke Fernando Fantoni , Lazzaretti Kellen , Royer Alexandre
Published: October 2018

Nesta pesquisa analisou-se a práxis, práticas e praticantes da estratégia como prática para a implantação de produtos inovadores em uma empresa alimentícia no estado de Santa Catarina. Para coleta de dados realizou-se 16 entrevistas com roteiro semiestruturado, pesquisa documental e observação não participante. A análise de dados foi realizada por meio da análise de conteúdo. Nos episódios de práxis, foram identificados quatro momentos diferentes para o surgimento da ação: as reuniões mensais, reuniões com o comitê de direção, viagens para a Europa e a conversa informal, demonstrando a expansão de momentos informais nas estratégias adotadas pela organização. Evidenciou-se que as práticas estratégicas para a implantação de produtos inovadores foram: qualidade da matéria-prima; controle de qualidade; produto disponível; tecnologia; diversificação de produtos e diferenciação. Quanto aos praticantes envolvidos com a execução das práxis e práticas na implantação de produtos inovadores, identificou-se: médico veterinário; consultor; colaboradores do setor de qualidade; consultores (mestres queijeiros), comitê de direção, auxiliar administrativa de vendas e fornecedor da embalagem. Observou-se que os diretores industrial e geral têm maior envolvimento nas ações desenvolvidas pela organização. Destaca-se também a participação de consultores da implantação dos produtos inovadores
Comparison of major complication and survival rates between surgical ligation and use of a canine ductal occluder device for treatment of dogs with left-to-right shunting patent ductus arteriosus
Authors: Ranganathan Bharadhwaj , LeBlanc Nicole L. , Scollan Katherine F. , Townsend Katy L. , Agarwal Deepmala , Milovancev Milan
Published: October 2018

OBJECTIVE To compare rates of major intraoperative complications and survival to hospital discharge between surgical ligation (SL) and canine ductal occluder (CDO) implantation for treatment of dogs with left-to-right shunting patent ductus arteriosus (PDA).

DESIGN Retrospective cohort study.

ANIMALS 120 client-owned dogs with left-to-right shunting PDA (62 treated by SL and 58 treated by CDO implantation).

PROCEDURES Data were retrieved from medical records of included dogs regarding signalment, medical history, vertebral heart scale, preoperative echocardiographic findings, complications encountered during surgery, and durations of anesthesia and surgery (SL or CDO implantation). Data were compared between dogs treated by SL and those treated by CDO implantation.

RESULTS Dogs treated by CDO implantation were significantly older and heavier than dogs treated by SL and had more pathological cardiac remodeling (as indicated by mitral regurgitation scores, left atrial-to-aortic root diameter ratios, and fractional shortening values). Durations of anesthesia and surgery were also significantly longer for CDO implantation versus SL. The major complication rate for dogs treated by SL (6/62 [10%]) was significantly greater than that for dogs treated by CDO implantation (0/58 [0%]). One dog in the SL group died during surgery. Overall rate of survival to hospital discharge was 99% (119/120).

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Both SL and CDO implantation were viable methods for PDA attenuation in the evaluated dogs. Although a greater proportion of dogs had major complications during the SL procedure, the 2 procedures had comparable rates of survival to hospital discharge.
Likelihood and outcome of esophageal perforation secondary to esophageal foreign body in dogs
Authors: Sterman Allyson A. , Mankin Kelley M. Thieman , Ham Kathleen M. , Cook Audrey K.
Published: October 2018

OBJECTIVE To determine the likelihood and outcome of esophageal perforation secondary to an esophageal foreign body (EFB) in dogs.

DESIGN Retrospective observational study.

ANIMALS 125 dogs evaluated for EFB at 2 veterinary teaching hospitals from January 2005 through December 2013.

PROCEDURES Data were retrieved from the medical record of each dog regarding variables hypothesized to be associated with esophageal perforation, whether esophageal perforation was present, and survival to hospital discharge. Variables were examined for associations with various outcomes.

RESULTS Bones (55/125 [44%]) and fishhooks (37/125 [30%]) were the most common types of EFBs. Fifteen (12%) dogs had an esophageal perforation (10 with a fishhook EFB and 5 with a bone EFB). No association was identified between dog body weight and esophageal perforation. Esophageal perforation was more likely in dogs with a fishhook EFB (10/37 [27%]) versus other EFBs (5/88 [6%]; OR, 6.1; 95% confidence interval, 1.9 to 9.6). Median interval from fishhook or bone ingestion to initial evaluation was significantly longer for dogs with (12 and 96 hours, respectively) versus without (1 and 24 hours, respectively) perforation. Thirteen of 15 (87%) dogs with esophageal perforation survived to hospital discharge, including all 10 dogs with perforation secondary to fishhook ingestion. Eight survivors with esophageal perforation required no surgical intervention.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Esophageal perforation was uncommon in the evaluated dogs with an EFB, and no surgical intervention was required for a large proportion of them. Fishhooks and delay between EFB ingestion and initial evaluation were risk factors for perforation.
Congenital laryngeal paralysis in Alaskan Huskies: 25 cases (2009–2014)
Authors: von Pfeil Dirsko J. F. , Zellner Eric , Fritz Michele C. , Langohr Ingeborg , Griffitts Caroline , Stanley Bryden J.
Published: October 2018

OBJECTIVE To characterize congenital laryngeal paralysis (CLP) in Alaskan Huskies.

DESIGN Prospective case series.

ANIMALS 25 Alaskan Huskies with CLP.

PROCEDURES Data were collected for each dog regarding signalment; history; results of physical, orthopedic, neurologic, and laryngeal examinations; esophagraphic findings; treatments; histologic findings; and outcomes.

RESULTS Severely affected dogs were profoundly dyspneic at birth or collapsed after brief exercise; less affected dogs reportedly tired easily or overheated with minimal exercise. Mean age at initial onset of clinical signs was 6.4 months. Blue eyes, white facial markings, and oral mucosal tags or tissue bands were noted in 23 (92%), 19 (76%), and 13 (52%) dogs. Neurologic examination revealed signs of mononeuropathy of the recurrent laryngeal nerve but not of polyneuropathy. Histologic examination revealed neurogenic atrophy of the cricoarytenoideus dorsalis muscle but no polyneuropathy. Eight (32%) dogs underwent unilateral cricoarytenoid lateralization, resulting in substantial clinical improvement, including ability to compete in sled dog races. Without surgery, 4 (16%) dogs died of asphyxiation, 10 (40%) had spontaneous improvement of clinical signs (but insufficient improvement to race), and 3 (12%) remained affected. Results of pedigree analysis suggested an autosomal recessive mode of CLP inheritance, with variable penetrance.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE CLP in the evaluated Alaskan Huskies involved mononeuropathy of the recurrent laryngeal nerves, without polyneuropathy. Most affected dogs had blue eyes, white facial markings, and oral mucosal tags or tissue bands. Given the apparent genetic component to CLP in this breed, we recommend that dogs with these features be prevented from breeding.
Tüketicilerin Bal Tüketiminde Gıda Güvenilirliği Bilincinin İncelenmesi: Niğde İli Örneği
Authors: Gürer Betül , Akyol Ethem
Published: October 2018

Son yıllarda, tüketicilerin gıda üretimi ve tüketimi üzerine duyarlılıklarının artışına bağlı olarak, gıda ürünleri talebindeki belirleyici faktörlerden biri konumundaki gıda güvenilirliği sürekli gündemdedir. Diğer tarımsal ürünlere nazaran daha denetimsiz koşullarda üretilip pazarlandığı için bal konusunda da gıda güvenilirliği sorunu yoğun bir şekilde kendini hissettirmektedir. Bu çalışmada, Türkiye‘de arı ürünlerinin gıda güvenilirliği konusunda ne tür uygulamalar yapıldığı Niğde ili kentsel örneğinde tüketiciler için bal tüketiminde gıda güvenilirliğinin ne derece önemli olduğu ve tüketicinin bu konudaki bilincinin ortaya konulması hedeflenmiştir. Çalışmada 286 tüketici ile yüz yüze anket görüşmesi yapılmıştır. Çalışmadan elde edilen verilere gelir gruplarına göre satın almada etkili faktörlerin belirlenmesi için varyans analizi ve Faktör analizi yöntemleri uygulanmıştır. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre kalıntı sorunu ve ticari şeker katkılı tağşişli bal endişesinden dolayı tüketiciler tarafından alımların market yerine doğrudan üreticiden alma yönünde çaba sarf edildiği ve marketten yapılan alımlarda balın kalitesine güvenin düşük olduğu görülmüştür. Ayrıca tüketiciler arasında geçmiş yıllara nazaran balın güvenilirliğinin düştüğü görüşü yaygındır. Faktör analizi sonuçlarına göre bal satın almada tüketicilerde sağlıklı beslenme bilincinin en önemli faktör olduğu, özellikle tüketicilerin gelir seviyesi yükseldikçe sağlıklı beslenme ve kalite bilinci olumlu yönde geliştiği görülmüştür.