bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of different habitat parameters on carabid beetle assemblages in selected areas of a forest-field landscape in Poland – 10 years of data
Authors: Schwerk Axel , Jojczyk Agata , Dymitryszyn Izabela
Published: January 2021

Long-term data on carabid beetles assemblages on differently managed study sites in forests and open areas were analysed to study the impact of selected environmental factors on the carabid assemblages of both the individual study sites over the years and the set of all study sites in selected years.Ordination separated forest stands from open areas along with the first, and samples of 2011 from those of 2015 along the second axis. For study sites in forest stands in most cases, precipitation was a significant factor, especially precipitation in the year before the inventory. However, for the youngest forest site, the year of the study was most important, indicating a succession process. For study sites in open areas, both precipitation and temperature showed most often significant results. Analysing the impact of environmental factors on carabid assemblages in the full set of study sites in 2011 and 2015 revealed carbon content in the organic layer and distance from the nearest forest as significant factors. The results of the study extend our knowledge on the impact of environmental factors on the formation of carabid beetle assemblages in rural landscapes, which is essential in the framework of developing biodiversity conservation strategies.
Effect of plant protection on assemblages of ground beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae) in sugar beet crops in four-year rotation
Authors: Kosewska Agnieszka , Nijak Katarzyna , Nietupski Mariusz , Kędzior Renata , Ludwiczak Emilia
Published: January 2021

The influence of chemical plant protection on carabid beetle assemblages was studied in an experiment conducted on fields of sugar beet at the IOR-PIB Experimental Station in Winna Góra, Poland. The experiment was composed of a block of control fields (no chemical plant protection treatments) and second block, where plant protection was carried out in compliance with the applicable plant protection program. Ground beetles were caught from May to August/September in four years, using modified Barber traps. As a result of the study, 11 881 specimens belonging to 52 species of Carabidae were collected. The most numerous species were: Harpalus rufipes, Pterostichus melanarius, Calathus ambiguus and Bembidion properans. Overall, our results demonstrate that the application of chemical plant protection treatments decreased the abundance of carabid beetles in sugar beet fields, but had no effect on species richness. The use of pesticides induced changes in some life traits of Carabidae fauna. After a pesticide application, the abundance of macropterous hemizoophages and medium carnivores with the autumn type of breeding decreased, whereas the abundance of small carnivores increased.
Global warning: challenges, threats and opportunities for ground beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) in high altitude habitats
Authors: Gobbi Mauro
Published: January 2021

Aim of this paper is to provide the first comprehensive synthesis about ground beetle (Coleoptera: Carabidae) distribution in high altitude habitats. Specifically, the attention is focused on the species assemblages living on the most common ice-related mountain landforms (glaciers, debris-covered glaciers, glacier forelands and rock glaciers) and the challenges, threats and opportunities carabids living in these habitats have to face concerning the ongoing climate warming. The suggested role of the ice-related alpine landforms, as present climatic refugia for cold-adapted ground beetles, is discussed. Finally, the needs to develop a large-scale High-alpine Biodiversity Monitoring Program to describe how the current climate change is shaping the distribution of high altitude specialists is highlighted.
Theoretical Analysis of the Concepts of «Motivation» and «Stimulation» from the Point of View of Their Interaction
Authors: Usov Alexander , Silantyev Alexander
Published: January 2021

This article analyzed the concepts of «stimulation» and «motivation», which are necessary for effective personnel management in the organization, as they help to understand the behavior of employees in different situations. Literature review showed that today there is no clear definition of the terms «motivation» and «stimulation» among various authors. Moreover, many experts do not distinguish between them. Therefore, the purpose of the study is to examine different interpretation of the terms «motivation» and «stimulation» and to study the area of their interaction, because they are certainly interrelated. The research method is the analysis of existing definitions of the concepts «motivation» and «stimulation» by various specialists. According to the results of the analysis, the authors determined that stimulation and motivation are mutually dependent and complementary concepts that interact with each other, but remain different in terms of their meaning in their definitions.
Visual participatory methodology as a prompt for agentic creativity: Revealing views and visions of a teacher learning journey
Authors: Childs Margie
Published: January 2021

By using activities such as visual participatory methodologies, pre-service teachers and university staff members are able to explore and extend their ideas of what it means to be a teacher. In this research project, I sought to prompt a visual dialogue between students and staff. The distance provided when using creative enquiry procedures such as photo-voice, collage, and drawing allows participants, as members of a teaching community, to detach from their assumptions and view themselves, knowledge, and meaning making in more subtle ways. The aim of this creative participatory study was to explore dialogic engagement concerning the learning-to-teach journey of Bachelor of Education (B Ed) students at a South African university. The visual-based interaction of student teachers and staff is revealed, and the movements towards the goal of teacherness laid bare. I make an argument for the use of visual and creative approaches as a means of collaboratively bridging complicated and difficult territory, moving beyond boundaries to spaces of creative action. An account of the potential of artful portrayals as both disruptive and coalescing devices is a key contribution of this enquiry.
Unlearning my communication pedagogy through poetic inquiry
Authors: Rawlinson Wendy
Published: January 2021

Feeling disenchanted with my communication pedagogy to undergraduate students at a university of technology, I searched for a means to improve my practices. Poetic inquiry assisted in unveiling how my personal and professional lived experiences had moulded my lecturer self and negatively influenced my communication practices. The reflexive writing of poems created an imaginative space in which embedded values and assumptions could be excavated, and the complexity of my entrenched beliefs made visible. The creative space helped crystallise my thinking and generate fresh insights into my white race and class privilege. New interpretations of how a merging of my personal and professional identities could improve my classroom teaching and learning were evoked through poetic inquiry. Furthermore, as a form of analysis, it served to disrupt ingrained instrumentalist patterns of thinking and acting whilst enabling a more imaginative envisioning of my communication pedagogy.
Quilts: Unfolding personal and public histories in South Africa and the United States
Authors: MacDowell Marsha
Published: January 2021

Quilts and related textiles are a particularly capacious textile medium through which the intersection of materiality and narratives can be explored. There are thousands of extant historical examples to be found in public and private collections, and the "quilt world" of the early twenty-first century is robust and enormous. There are literally millions of individuals around the globe who are involved in some aspect of quilt production, preservation, and study. This article provides a brief overview of quiltmaking and quilt studies in the United States and in South Africa. It draws upon samples of work from both countries to illustrate how, through their needles and their stories, quilt artists provide unique windows into personal and public histories.
The march continues: A critique of The Long March to Freedom statue collection exhibited in Century City
Authors: Kirsten Marnell
Published: January 2021

At a moment in South African history that calls for decolonial perspectives on ideological and material remnants of the country's colonial and apartheid pasts, the exhibition of The Long March to Freedom life-size statue collection at Century City, Cape Town, constitutes a seemingly contestable juxtaposition. This exhibition, that opened at Century City on 15 November 2019, is seemingly intended as a commemoration of South Africa's struggle for freedom and a re-evaluation of former state-sanctioned versions of the country's history. The visuality of the space that this collection currently occupies can however be described as one with a contestable relationship with the past, in which spatiality itself signifies a call to forget the past, or rather to construct a mythological version thereof. While The Long March to Freedom exhibition seemingly encompasses calls to inclusion in the South African public sphere, Century City, as a space saturated with simulated signs, functions as a site of exclusion and privilege. This article aims to highlight tensions between "subjective" memory and "objective History" in post-apartheid South Africa, negotiating tensions of a historicality-sociality-spatiality trialectic within a site of socio-political and economic exclusion.
Ideology-Driven Telecommunications Market Leads to a Second-Rate Outcome
Authors: Gregory Mark A
Published: January 2021

Papers in the December 2020 issue of the Journal include a discussion about the parlous state of television broadcasting in Australia, 6G and the future of the National Broadband Network. The digital economy is a focus, with papers on tax risk assessment and assurance and the use of e-commerce by MSEs in Indonesia. Global telecommunications markets are struggling to move beyond the 20th century thinking and ideology-driven decision making that pervades many governments. Telecommunications use has surged as work from home has become normalised, yet the digital divide and second-rate outcomes abound as the result of poor decision making by government. Dr Leith Campbell takes over as the Managing Editor in January 2021. The Journal welcomes contributions on telecommunications and the digital economy.
Czy nauka wyklucza istnienie osobowego Boga i czy wiara w Niego jest kompatybilna z ewolucją?
Authors: Haught John F.
Published: January 2021

Ten tekst przedstawia trzy różne sposoby, w jakie ludzie, którzy mieli kontakt z nauką, odpowiadają na następujące pytania: „Czy nauka jest zgodna z wiarą religijną?” oraz „Czy nauka nie wyklucza istnienia osobowego Boga?”. Pierwsza odpowiedź zakłada, że nauki przyrodnicze i wiara religijna wykluczają się wzajemnie. To jest sytuacja konfliktu. Jej przedstawiciele należą do dwóch głównych podgrup: (1) sceptyków, którzy wierzą, że nauki przyrodnicze uczyniły wszystkie twierdzenia religijne niewiarygodnymi, oraz (2) ludzi wiary, którzy odmawiają przyjęcia pewnych naukowych idei, takich jak kosmologia Wielkiego Wybuchu i ewolucja biologiczna. W obecnym tekście konflikt dotyczy tylko naukowych sceptyków, którzy twierdzą, że metody i odkrycia naukowe zdezaktualizowały wiarę religijną i teologię.

Drugi typ odpowiedzi na wymienione pytania utrzymuje, że nauka i wiara dotyczą różnych poziomów lub wymiarów rzeczywistości. Zgodnie z tym podejściem, nauka i teologia stawiają zupełnie inne rodzaje pytań, dlatego nie można ich traktować jako konkurencyjnych obszarów. W stanowisku kontrastu podkreśla się, że nie może być prawdziwego konfliktu między twierdzeniami nauk przyrodniczych a twierdzeniami wiary i teologii. Wiara i nauka nie rywalizują o jakiś wspólny cel, więc nie mogą wchodzić ze sobą w konflikt.

Trzecim stanowiskiem jest konwergencja. Można je również nazwać „współbrzmieniem”, „współpracą”, „kontaktem” lub „konwersacją”. To stanowisko zgadza się z tezą „kontrastu”, według którego wiara religijna i nauki przyrodnicze są różnymi sposobami rozumienia świata, ale argumentuje zarazem, że te dwa obszary nieuchronnie oddziałują na siebie. Konwergencja promuje tę interakcję. Celem zwolenników konwergencji jest osiągnięcie syntezy, w której zarówno nauka, jak i wiara zachowują swoją tożsamość, a jednocześnie pozostają w ścisłym związku ze sobą we wspólnym dążeniu do inteligibilności i prawdy. Konwergencja zakłada, że odkrycia naukowe mają znaczenie dla wiary, innymi słowy, odkrycia naukowe mogą znacząco wpłynąć na to, jak myślimy o Bogu i sensie naszego życia. Konwergencja zakłada, że nauka i wiara, o ile nie są ze sobą mylone, mogą razem prowadzić do bogatszego spojrzenia na rzeczywistość.
Evolutionism–Creationism: In Search for a Platform of Dialogue
Authors: Dąbek Dariusz
Published: January 2021

Ewolucjonizm–kreacjonizm. Poszukiwanie płaszczyzny dialogu

W artykule przedstawiona została próba wskazania płaszczyzny dyskusji ewolucjonistów z kreacjonistami, która umożliwiałaby dialog zwiększający szansę wypracowania spójnego światopoglądu łączącego elementy wiedzy naukowej i wiary religijnej. W odniesieniu do różnych typów wiedzy zaproponowane zostało wyróżnienie trzech poziomów: 1) przedmiot badań, 2) wiedza o tym przedmiocie, 3) interpretacja tej wiedzy. Dialog może być prowadzony już na poziomie drugim, lecz z poszanowaniem wzajemnej autonomii i ukierunkowaniem raczej na inspirację, niż na integrację. Właściwą płaszczyzną dialogu jest poziom trzeci: interpretacja wiedzy oraz budowanie wizji świata i człowieka. Celem dialogu na tym poziomie jest integracja wszystkich elementów światopoglądu i dążenie do wyjaśnienia i zrozumienia całej rzeczywistości.
Projekt czy ewolucja? Stwórcze działanie Boga w świecie przyrody
Authors: Pabjan Tadeusz
Published: January 2021

Artykuł poświęcono krytycznej analizie kilka wybranych argumentów pojawiających się we współczesnej dyskusji dotyczącej interpretacji stwórczego działania Boga w świecie przyrody, rozpatrywanego w kontekście teorii ewolucji. W szczególności zwrócono uwagę na zastrzeżenia wobec tej teorii wysuwane przez niektórych przedstawicieli kreacjonizmu ujętego w ramy systemu metafizyki św. Tomasza, którzy nie widzą możliwości uzgodnienia ewolucji z teologiczną prawdą o stworzeniu świata przez Boga. Rozpatrzono również argumenty leżące u podstaw teorii inteligentnego projektu, która głosi, że oparta na przypadku ewolucja nie może w sposób adekwatny wyjaśnić „nieredukowalnej złożoności” żywych organizmów, i że w związku z tym należy przyjąć, iż na przebieg procesów ewolucyjnych mają zasadniczy wpływ bezpośrednie działania Boga—Inteligentnego Projektanta.
Skąd pochodzą nowe formy substancjalne? – Polemika z teistycznym ewolucjonizmem w ujęciu Mariusza Tabaczka
Authors: Chaberek Michał
Published: January 2021

Współcześni tomiści usiłują wykazać zgodność metafizyki arystotelesowsko-tomistycznej z teorią makroewolucji biologicznej. W ostatnim czasie stanowisko takie poparł Dr Mariusz Tabaczek. Jednak przyznaje on, że naukę Tomasza należy zmodyfikować w istotny sposób, aby można ją było pogodzić z teistycznym ewolucjonizmem. W jego ujęciu główny punkt takiej modyfikacji stanowi kwestia tego, czy stworzenie się zakończyło, czy nadal powstają nowe gatunki. W istocie ewolucyjny postulat powstawania nowych gatunków uderza nie tylko w naukę Tomasza, ale klasyczne chrześcijańskie rozumienie stworzenia. Tomistyczni ewolucjoniści nie potrafią wyjaśnić pochodzenia nowych form substancjalnych. Odwołują się do zmian przypadłościowych, takich jak przypadkowe mutacje genetyczne, których kumulacja miałaby prowadzić do powstania nowych gatunków. To jednak nie jest możliwe w świetle metafizyki tomistycznej, ponieważ zmiana przypadłościowa nie tworzy nowej substancji. Dodatkowo koncepcja tomistycznych ewolucjonistów nie harmonizuje z wieloma faktami odkrywanymi przez współczesną biologię. Tomistyczni ewolucjoniści muszą porzucić fundamentalne pojęcia filozofii św. Tomasza, takie jak złożenie bytowe substancja-przypadłości czy umiarkowany realizm. Nie da się więc pogodzić makroewolucji biologicznej z nauką Akwinaty.
Inflamasom jako czynnik sprawczy i ochronny w patogenezie nieswoistych chorób zapalnych jelit.
Authors: Świerczyński Mikołaj , Fichna Jakub
Published: January 2021

Nieswoiste choroby zapalne jelit (NChZJ) stanowią grupę chorób przewlekłych o globalnym zasięgu, znacznie obniżających jakość życia pacjentów. Do głównych przedstawicieli NChZJ zalicza się chorobę Leśniowskiego-Crohna (ChLC) oraz wrzodziejące zapalenie jelita grubego (WZJG). Chociaż etiologia NChZJ nadal pozostaje nie w pełni poznana, inflamasom NLRP3 jest jednym z najbardziej obiecujących kierunków badań w jej zakresie. NLRP3 jest aktywowanym przez molekularne wzorce związane z uszkodzeniem komórki i patogenami funkcjonalnym kompleksem odpowiedzialnym za produkcję cytokin prozapalnych – interleukiny-1b (IL-1b) oraz -18 (IL-18), przez co uczestniczy w procesie zapalnym leżącym u podłoża NChZJ. W ostatnich latach coraz częściej zwraca się jednak uwagę na aktywność NLRP3 obejmującą utrzymywanie homeostazy błony śluzowej jelit oraz kontroli składu mikrobiomu jelitowego, dzięki której może on stanowić ważny czynnik ochronny przed NChZJ. W niniejszym artykule przedstawiamy wyniki badań przemawiające za każdą z przedstawionych  teorii na temat NLRP3 w patogenzie NChZJ –  zarówno jako czynnika sprawczego, jak i ochronnego.
The Controversy on the Role of ACE2 Receptor in COVID-19 Infection: The Protective Shift toward the ACE2 Axis
Authors: Ahmed Sarah I Y
Published: January 2021

Background: Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2)  is recognized as the main cellular receptor for the new coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, that facilitates its entry into the host target cell, leading to the fatal viral infection, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Thus, it is considered as a main therapeutic target in the SARS-CoV-2 infection. The dual role of ACE2 as a gate for SARS-CoV-2 virus and as a part of lung and multi-organ protection has built a scientific debate that affects the choice of treatments used against COVID-19 patient. ACE2 inhibitors like anti-ACE2 antibodies were first introduced as therapeutic solutions that, theoretically, would decrease the availability of target molecules for SARS-CoV-2 by downregulating ACE2 expression. However, animal studies showed that ACE2 upregulation acts as a counterbalance to the hypertensive pro-inflammatory angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) in the renin–angiotensin system (RAS) and results in a protective role against acute lung injury – a fatal consequence of the disease. The current study tests the effect of ACE2-activating treatments against the outcome of genetic variations in the population that have ACE2-upregulatory effects.
Conclusion  Despite its role as a receptor for the SARS-CoV-2 virus, experimental studies and the genetic polymorphisms in populations that have ACE2 upregulation revealed a protective role against COVID-19 infection.
 
Key words: ACE2   ACE  COVID-19  treatments  genetic variations
WHEN DIFFERENT ELECTIONS HAVE DIFFERENT SALIENCIES FOR VOTERS: MOST IMPORTANT AND CONSIDERATION (EVIDENCE FROM INDONESIAN VOTERS)
Authors: Tawakkal George Towar Ikbal , Ulfah Irma Fitriana , Setiawan Andi , Garner Andrew D , Seitz Thomas R
Published: January 2021

Purpose of the study: Generally, the purpose of this study is to explain the salience of each form of election for voters. To explain that, this study examines which election is perceived as the most important election for voters, and what matters are considered by voters in each election, especially in the most important election and money politics. Methodology: The data are drawn from a survey of 800 respondents in Central Java during the 2019 Indonesian elections. The survey asked two questions; which election they perceive as the most important election ("what is the most important election for you?"), and what matters they consider when voting for a candidate ("what is your consideration in each election?"). The dataset also includes variables related to money politics. Main Findings: Voters have different importances and considerations in various forms of elections. More voters see the executive election as the most important than the legislative election in every level of election. More voters consider the program in the legislative elections, while more voters consider the figure of candidates in the executive elections. But in more detail, there are various patterns. Applications of this study: Referring to the number of elections in Indonesia, this finding can help the government, electoral commission, or activists to develop better strategies for educating citizens. Also, referring to the widespread money politics in Indonesia, this finding can help them to improve participation and reduce money politics in elections, especially at local levels. Novelty/Originality of this study: Many scholars who talked about the meaning of election or the Importance of election do not explain clearly the possibility of voters having different meanings for different elections, while a voter faces several elections for different positions. This article fills in the literature explanation by discussing the level of elections when understanding the meaning of elections for voters.
Coronavírus: exame preliminar da trajetória científica e tecnológica dos surtos
Authors: Barbalho Célia Regina Simonetti , Queiroz Layde Dayelle dos Santos , Simonetti Paulo Alexandre do Couto , Pereira Sammy Aquino , Freitas Simone Santos de
Published: January 2021

Traça um exame preliminar de como se constituiu a relação entre manifestações da doença, descobertas científicas e produção tecnológica para os principais surtos de coronavírus, entre 2000 a 2020, de modo a adensar conhecimentos que possam corroborar para a compreensão ampliada da pandemia. Adota como assuntos basilares para a revisão bibliográfica a interlocução entre ciência, tecnologia e inovação bem como os aspectos relevantes para compreensão da trajetória da família coronavírus: principais surtos (2002, 2012 e 2019) e descobertas científicas. Apresenta uma linha do tempo dos surtos provocados pelo vírus visando compor um quadro com a trajetória das principais descobertas realizadas pela comunidade científica que estuda a temática, apoiada nos estudos de Weiss (2020). Por meio de um estudo de anterioridade realizado no Questel Orbit, dimensiona os pedidos de patentes por família existentes destacando o período temporal da publicação, principais países de depósito, clusters e domínios tecnológicos e série histórica pela Classificação Internacional de Patentes (CIP). Avalia as trajetórias expostas e conclui que é necessário um maior alinhamento entre a ciência, a tecnologia e a inovação para promover respostas rápidas e contundentes para as doenças geradas pelo Coronavírus
Unter der Glasglocke: generationelle Befindlichkeiten in Zoë Jennys "Das Blütenstaubzimmer"
Authors: Firaza Joanna
Published: January 2021

Zoë Jennys Debütroman Das Blütenstaubzimmer (1997) schreibt sich einerseits in die literarische Tendenz des sogenannten ‚Fräuleinwunders‘, andererseits in die Tradition des Adoleszenzromans ein. Als Leistung des Textes ist seine plastische, sinnliche Sprache anzusehen, in der sich die nach innen gekehrte Perspektive der Ich-Erzählerin ausdrückt. Der hier vorgenommene Versuch einer differenzierten Analyse der Poetik des Textes ergibt eine verblüffende Nähe zu Sylvia Plaths autobiographischem Roman Die Glasglocke (1963). Der intertextuelle Ansatz wirft ein Licht auf den latenten Anspruch des Textes, über das Individuelle und Nationale hinauszugehen, sowie auf die universelle Botschaft über gegenwärtige Befindlichkeiten, die dem Text einen tragischen Unterton verleiht.
„Wir schaffen das, wenn...“ Anspielungen in Artikelüberschriften am Beispiel der deutschen Einwanderungsdebatte
Authors: Mészáros Attila
Published: January 2021

Der vorliegende Beitrag berichtet über die Rolle von Anspielungen in Artikelüberschriften am Beispiel des deutschen Einwanderungsdiskurses. Im theoretischen Teil werden Anspielungen als ein Phänomen dargestellt, das nicht nur als bloße Manifestation von Intertextualität, sondern vielmehr als kreatives Mittel in einem interaktiven Prozess zwischen Autor/in und Leser/in fungiert. Im empirischen Teil wird anhand konkreter Beispiele eine Typologie erstellt, die Anspielungen nach dem Quellenbereich und nach Art der Bezugnahme auf den Prätext klassifiziert.
Rezensionen
Authors: Scheller-Boltz Dennis , Eickmeyer Jost , Erdbrügger Torsten , Jokiel Małgorzata , Płotka Iwona , Szymańska Eliza , Lukas Katarzyna
Published: January 2021

PESCHEL, CORINNA /RUNSCHKE, KERSTIN (eds.) (2015): Sprachvariation und Sprachreflexion in interkulturellen Kontexten. (= Sprache – Kommunikation – Kultur, Soziolinguistische Beiträge 16) Frankfurta. M.: Peter Lang. 394 S.
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MATTHIES, ANNEMARIE (2016): Spielbälle. Neuverhandlungen der Arbeitswelt im Medium der Literatur. Konstanz: UVK. 328 S.
SOMMERFELD, BEATE (2016): Übersetzungskritik. Modelle, Perspektiven, Didaktik. Poznań: Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM. 138 S.
WEIDNER, DANIEL (ed.) (2016): Handbuch. Literatur und Religion. Stuttgart: J.B. Metzler Verlag. 484 S.
HELBIG-MISCHEWSKI, BRIGITTA / ZDUNIAK-WIKTOROWICZ, MAŁGORZATA (eds.) (2016): Migrantenliteratur im Wandel. Junge Prosa mit (nicht nur) polnischen Wurzeln in Deutschland und Europa / Literatura migracyjna w procesie. Młoda proza (nie tylko) polskiego pochodzenia w Niemczech i Europie (= Studien zum deutsch-polnischen Kulturtransfer, Band 6). Leipzig: Leipziger Universitätsverlag. 294 S.
SOMMERFELD, BEATE / KĘSICKA, KAROLINA / KORYCIŃSKA-WEGNER, MAŁGORZATA / FIMIAK-CHWIŁKOWSKA, ANNA (EDS.) (2017): Über- setzungskritisches Handeln. Modelle und Fallstudien (= Studien zur Germanistik, Skandinavistik und Übersetzungskultur 16). Frankfurt a. M.: Peter Lang. 238 S.
REHABILITATION SANCTIONS AGAINST THE NARCOTICS USER ACCORDING TO THE PERSPECTIVE OF MAQASHID SHARIAH
Authors: Andriyani Andriyani , Dewi Rusmala
Published: January 2021

The government through the law makes a policy to aggressively seek rehabilitation for the drug users. This is done in the context of tackling the abuse of narcotics in Indonesia. Thus, it is necessary to study the policy objectives based on the perspective of maqashid sharia by conducting qualitative research using secondary data. From the results of the research, the Indonesian Government has implemented rehabilitation sanctions for the narcotics user because the users are victims of other people's crimes, namely illegal narcotics dealers. If a narcotics user is given a sanction of imprisonment / imprisonment, it will have a worse impact and cannot eliminate his dependence on narcotics. Seen from the perspective of maqashid sharia, this government policy does not conflict with the objectives contained in the maqashid sharia concept, as the goal of rehabilitation which requires the users to be aware of their mistakes, so that they will become better humans both towards their God and those around him.
experiência ficcionalizada em Das Leben Geht Weiter, de Hans Keilson
Authors: Andrade Patrícia Helena Baialuna de
Published: January 2021

Durante o período entre guerras na Alemanha, conhecido como República de Weimar, prevaleceu enquanto tendência literária a Nova Objetividade, que preconizava uma escrita objetiva, documental e engajada em contribuir para a politização do público leitor. Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar o primeiro romance publicado por Hans Keilson, Das Leben Geht Weiter (1933), e apontar de que maneiras a obra, confessamente inspirada em experiências pessoais do autor, insere-se e destaca-se no escopo da Nova Objetividade. Procuramos investigar no texto do romance a representação da sociedade alemã na mencionada época, que se faz, sobretudo, através da perspectiva subjetiva do protagonista Albrecht Seldersen.
Hierarquia e adulação em Antônio Vieira
Authors: Chauvin Jean Pierre
Published: January 2021

Neste artigo, aborda-se a construção do ethos virtuoso de Antônio Vieira, a partir da leitura de sermões e missivas pregados na década de 1650, pouco antes de sua segunda vinda para o continente americano. A análise enfatiza o Sermão da primeira sexta-feira da Quaresma, pregado na Capela Real de Lisboa em 1651.
Estado de graça
Authors: Lima Manoel Ricardo de
Published: January 2021

Este artigo parte da crítica elaborada por Pier Paolo Pasolini em alguns textos da coluna “O Caos”, publicada no semanário O Tempo, entre agosto de 1968 e janeiro de 1970. Depois, desdobra-se numa leitura de seu pensamento crítico entre a ideia de “estado de graça”, proposta por Christopher Domínguez Michael, e o conceito de “classe”, relido e expandido a partir de Walter Benjamin por Andrea Cavalletti.
Paixão e filologia
Authors: Pessoa Davi
Published: January 2021

Este artigo aborda a intempestiva relação entre crítica e linguagem que emergiu já na juventude de Pasolini, a qual será uma constante mutável por toda sua breve vida. Giorgio Agamben aponta que o jovem Pasolini não subjuga o dialeto friulano à língua constitucional, pois deseja dizer com o dialeto coisas elevadas, difíceis, com maior frescor e potência. Assim, a crítica operada por Pasolini mobilizou eruptivos debates, nos quais colocava em choque a língua como inventum (língua institucional) e a língua como inventio (língua-poesia), para desse confronto insurgir-se uma filologia crítica e inventiva.
discurso crítico de Pasolini e Fortini nas páginas de jornais
Authors: Alves Cláudia Tavares
Published: January 2021

A partir de um questionamento acerca dos paradigmas de atuação crítica de Pier Paolo Pasolini e Franco Fortini, este artigo apresenta algumas linhas de reflexão sobre como ambos os escritores agiam enquanto figuras de intervenção pública. Para tanto, serão analisados momentos de interlocução estabelecida entre os dois através das páginas de jornais italianos, principalmente a partir do ano de 1968, quando divergências acabam por culminar no rompimento pessoal entre eles. Assim, a principal intenção desta análise é mostrar em que medida as formas de fazer crítica praticadas por Pasolini e Fortini ora se assemelham e ora se distinguem consideravelmente, o que acaba por revelar que, apesar de ambos terem motivações políticas muito próximas enquanto intelectuais marxistas-gramscianos, cada um deles traçou percursos bastante particulares.
Pasolini e a imaginação crítica
Authors: Studart Júlia Vasconcelos
Published: January 2021

Diante do pequeno ensaio de Pier Paolo Pasolini, publicado em 1964, Cinema de prosa, cinema de poesia, este artigo propõe uma leitura de certas posições políticas do poeta italiano acerca do que toma como “situação cultural”, primeiro, numa operação com as formas de expressão e, depois, da expansão de seu pensamento crítico a partir dos modos deliberados de imaginação.
Pasolini passou aqui: depoimentos
Authors: Carvalho Bernardo , Azevedo José Fernando Peixoto de
Published: January 2021

"Pasolini passou aqui: depoimentos" é uma seção especial do Dossiê Pasolini e a crítica, composta por contribuições dos escritores Bernardo Carvalho e José Fernando Peixoto de Azevedo.
Apresentação
Authors: Berriel Carlos Eduardo , Durão Fábio , Alves Cláudia Tavares , Amoroso Maria Betânia
Published: January 2021

Já há algum tempo, na Itália e fora dela, Pier Paolo Pasolini vem sendo apresentado como um pensador do mundo contemporâneo, tornando menos importantes as compartimentações - em gêneros ou fases - pelas quais sua obra e suas atividades vinham sendo apresentadas. É o que se detecta em livros como o de Didi-Huberman, Sobrevivência dos vaga-lumes (Editora UFMG, 2011); ou, antes, em ensaios como o de Il pensiero meridiano (O pensamento meridiano), de Franco Cassano (Laterza, 1996); ou, nos mais recentes, Effetto Italian Thought (Efeito Italian Thought), organizado por E. Lisciani-Petrini e G. Strummiello (Quodlibet, 2017), e Decostruzione o biopolitica? (Desconstrução ou biopolítica?), coletânea reunida por Elettra Stimilli (Quodlibet, 2017).
Prediction of Caffeine Content in Liberica Coffee Green Bean by NIR Spectroscopy Using Kubelka-Munk Model
Authors: Kyaw Ei Mon , Budiastra I Wayan , Sutrisno Sutrisno , Samsudin Samsudin , Mala Dheni Mita
Published: January 2021

Liberica is one of coffee species that is becoming popular and increasingly in demand in present days due to its unique characteristics. Caffeine is one of the important coffee quality parameter which determines the coffee flavor, consumer preference and market price. Caffeine content is usually analyzed by chemical method which is destructive, time consuming, expensive and involving a lot of procedures. NIR Spectroscopy is one of the non-destructive techniques to overcome these disadvantages. This study was conducted at the Department of Mechanical and Biosystem Engineering, IPB University for NIR measurement and the Center of Agro-based Industry (BBIA), Bogor for chemical analysis from August to November 2019. The study aimed to determine the best calibration model for the prediction of caffeine content in Liberica coffee green bean powder. In this study, FT-NIRS in the wavelength of 1000-2500 nm was used for NIR measurement and HPLC tool was used for chemical analysis. Kubelka-Munk (K/S) and Absorbance (Log 1/R) were used as data transformation, whereas Standard Normal Variance (SNV) and Second derivative of Savitzky-Golay (dg2) as data pretreatment. In addition, Partial Least Square (PLS) and Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) were applied for multivariate calibration method. The best calibration model for the prediction of caffeine content of Liberica coffee green bean powder was obtained by the spectral data pretreated with second derivative of Savitzky-Golay (dg2) and Kubelka-Munk data transformation using PLS calibration method with the results of r = 0.90, RPD = 2.24, CV = 2.01%.
Analisis Antropometri dan Biomekanik Penggunaan Mesin Pemetik Daun Teh Tipe GT 120 Ochiai
Authors: Simarmata Andika Herianto , Sita Kralawi , Herwanto Totok , Thoriq Ahmad
Published: January 2021

Application of tea harvest mechanization can increase work productivity, cost efficiency, and reduce the amount of starch loss in tea leaves. The problem is that the harvester machines that are operated in most tea plantations in Indonesia are imported. The harvester machine operators have the potential to experience skeletal, muscular, and peripheral nerve disorders called Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs). This study aims to evaluate the design of the type GT 120 Ochiai tea leaf harvester machine based on operator anthropometry and to find the operator's working posture during the tea picking process that needs immediate improvement. Anthropometric data were collected through measurements of the operator's body dimensions, while biomechanical data were collected through video recordings of the work-movements of all operators in operating the machine with a land slope of 5o – 10oand a land slope of 35o–40o at a plant height of 75 cm to 110 cm. Data analysis was performed using the REBA (Rapid Entire Body Assessment) and OWAS (Ovako Working Posture Analysis) methods. The results showed that the design of the type GT 120 Ochiai engine was in accordance with the operator's anthropometry. The results of REBA analysis show that there is a high work risk when operating the harvester machine, namely in the land conditions with a slope of 35o – 40o with a plant height above 100 cm and when moving the sacks of the harvest to a temporary shelter. Meanwhile, according to the results of the OWAS analysis, it is necessary to take corrective action as soon as possible, namely the position of operator 3 and operator 4 and it is necessary to change the position of operator 1 and operator 2. Based on the results of the REBA and OWAS analysis, it is better if the operator’s work shift changes in machine operation with the slope of the land 35o – 40o.
Kemampuan Blastospora Paecilomyces fumosoroseus, Metarhizium anisopliae dan Lecanicillium decanii dalam Menginfeksi Kumbang Hypothenemus hampei
Authors: Samsudin Samsudin , Khaerati Khaerati , Indriati Gusti , Hapsari Arlia Dwi
Published: January 2021

Hypothenemus hampei is a coffee berry borers (CBB) that is difficult to control because it lives inside the coffee berries. Blastospores of entomopathogen fungal are expected to be effective in controlling these pests. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ability of blastospores Paecilomyces fumosoroseus, Metarhizium anisopliae and Lecanicillium lecanii to infect, kill and inhibit the development of H. hampei on coffee cherries in the laboratory. The study was conducted from March to December 2019 at the Plant Protection Laboratory, Indonesian Industrial and Beverage Crops Research Institute, Sukabumi. The study used 14 treatments, namely 3 types of fungi are P. fumosoroseus, M. anisopliae and L. lecanii with every 4 densities are 108, 107, 106, and 105 blastospores/ml, positive control using botanical insecticides (Biotris) and negative control, and repeated 4 times. The parameters observed were mortalities, number of bor holes, and insect development after treatment. The results showed that all blastospores were able to infect and kill H. imago in the laboratory. The highest mortality occurred in the treatment of P. fumosoroseus with 108 blastospores/ml densities (P1) by 39.91%. Blastospores of 3 entomopathogens were able to inhibit the number of bor holes on the coffee cherries, with the highest inhibition in the treatment of L. lecanii 106 blastospores/ml (L3) by 28.57%. All types of blastospores can also inhibit insect development in the coffee cherries. Treatment of M. anisopliae 108 blastospore/ml (M1) was able to reduce the number of eggs and nymphs by 78.69% and 74.24% respectively compared to negative controls. Blastospores from three types of entomopathogens have the potential to be developed as bioinsecticides to control CBB.
Comparison of Tenofovir with Telbivudine in Preventing Hepatitis B Transmission in Mothers with High Viral Load: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Wang Ming , Zhu Yunxia , Pang Qiumei , Li Ran , Zhang Hua
Published: January 2021

Background: Little data exist regarding comparison of efficacy and safety between tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) and Telbivudine (LdT) in late pregnancy to prevent hepatitis B mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) in real-world settings.Methods: We retrospectively included HB-s antigen (HBsAg) positive mothers with HBV DNA ≥2*105IU/mL to receive TDF or LdT after gestational weeks 24～32 weeks. All infants received standard immunoprophylaxis. Primary outcomes were MTCT rates at infants’ age of 52 weeks and safety of TDF or LdT use. Secondary outcomes were the decline of HBV-DNA levels at delivery and rates of on-treatment and off-treatment alanine aminotransferase (ALT) elevation>2 upper limits of normal (ULN) during the study.Results: Of 1407 women, 209 received TDF and 1198 received LdT treatment. There were no differences between mean duration of TDF and LdT treatment (TDF vs. LdT: 11.76±2.20 weeks vs 11.64±2.79 weeks, p=0.47). At birth, 213 (9.8%) infants in the TDF-group were HBsAg positive, lower than 1180 (20.8%) in the LdT-group (p<0.001). Among 1405 infants (TDF/LdT=213/1192) of the 1385 (TDF/LdT=205/1180) women completed the 52-weeks study, intention‐to‐treat analysis indicated one infant (0.5 %) was lost to follow-up in TDF treated mothers and three (0.3 %) in LDT treated mothers (p=0.48). On-treatment analysis indicated no HBsAg positive infants in the two groups. Levels of HBV-DNA decline in TDF-treated mothers were observed comparable to LdT-treated mothers (4.05±0.93 log10IU/mlvs.3.99±1.30 log10IU/ml, p=0.50). TDF-treated mothers had complained more symptoms of the digestive system and less arthralgia than LdT-treated mothers. All adverse events in the two groups were grade I-II. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) elevation(>2ULN) in TDF-treated mothers were lower than in LdT-treated mothers (7.3% vs.15.7%, p<0.05).Conclusions: TDF and LdT use in late pregnancy for highly viremic mothers was equally effective in reducing MTCT. However, TDF has fewer ALT abnormalities than LdT during treatment and is the preferred choice.
Auxiliary Rapid Identification of Pathogenic and Antagonistic Microorganisms for Coptis Chinensis Root Rot by High-throughput Sequencing
Authors: Liao Hailang , Huang Ling , Li Na , Ke Wenjia , Xiang Yiqing , Ma Yuntong
Published: January 2021

Root rot reduced the yield and medical quality of C. Chinensis. Previous studies of Coptis root rot focused on the identification of pathogens and the rhizosphere microbial community composition. In order to provide more evidence for preventing this disease, the present study was to identify the pathogenic and antagonistic microorganisms based on a high-throughput sequencing technique. The healthy and diseased C. chinensis in the endosphere and rhizosphere from the same field were collected to investigating the differences in microbiome composition and function. The results showed that the composition and function of microbes were different. The animal pathogen, soil saprotroph, plant saprotroph, and wood saprotroph in the endosphere of the diseased C. chinensis were higher than the healthy endosphere, which was dominated by Phaeosphaeriaceae, Cladorrhinum, Fusarium, Exophiala, and Melanommataceae. Fusarium, Volutella, Cladorhinum, Cylindrocarpon, and Exophiala were significantly enriched in the endosphere of diseased plants. Co-occurrence network analysis showed that Bacillus were negatively correlated with Fusarium, Volutella, and Cylindrocarpon, indicating that they may be antagonistic microorganisms. To verify the sequencing results, F. solani and F. avenaceum have been isolated and verified as pathogens, and 14 Bacillus bacteria have been isolated, which displayed an apparent suppression effect against the two pathogens on PDA medium and detached root. The strategy of high-throughput sequencing has the potential for the comprehensive identification of pathogenic and antagonistic microorganisms for plant disease. These results lay the foundation for future studies on mitigating or preventing root rot damage to C. chinensis.
Global Burden of Non-communicable Diseases Attributable to Dietary Risks in 1990-2019
Authors: Qiao Jie , Lin Xiling , Wu Yiwen , Huang Xin , Pan Xiaowen , Xu Jingya , Wu JunYun , Ren Yuezhong , Shan Peng-Fei
Published: January 2021

Background: Dietary risks raised attention around worldwide during the past decades. The aims of this burden-of-disease study were to evaluate the global dietary risks for non-communicable diseases (NCDs) from 1990 to 2019 and quantify their impact on mortality and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs). Method: Data from the 2019 Global Burden of Disease Study on deaths and DALYs from NCDs attributable to worldwide dietary risks were obtained and underwent deep analysis by year, age, gender, location, leading risks, and leading causes, and their associations were examined. The Socio-demographic Index (SDI) was used as an indicator of national socioeconomic status, and the relationships between age-standardized rates of deaths or DALYs and socioeconomic status. Results: In 2019, 7.9 million deaths and 187.7 million DALYs were attributable to dietary risk factors. High intake of sodium and low intake of whole grains and fruits were leading dietary risks for deaths and DALYs worldwide. However, both indexes showed a decreasing trend by year, an increase by age, and a higher disease burden in males. The main distribution of dietary-related NCDs was located in highly populated countries. A negative association between the SDI and disease burden, and a positive association between the SDI and male preponderance were found. Conclusions: Dietary risk factors for NCDs increased significantly and varied across regions during 1990-2019. Therefore, greater efforts are needed to raise public awareness of interventions and improve dietary practices to reduce the disease burden caused by suboptimal dietary intake, especially in developing countries and among males.
The By-Products of Prickly Pear Processing in Broiler Feed: Case of Dehydrated Husks and Cake
Authors: Cherif Imene , Arbouche Rafik , Arbouche yasmine , Mennani Achour , Arbouche Fodil
Published: January 2021

Background: The utilization of agro-industrial by-products is a potential substitution of imported raw materials in broiler feed formulas for developing countries. This study aims to determine the effects of substituting prickly pear husks for maize and prickly pear seed cake for soybean meal on the production performance, slaughter characteristics, and chemical composition of broiler meat.Materials and methods: Two hundred day-old chicks of equal sex ratio (1:1) of Big Fast strain, weighing on average 37±2g, were randomly divided into 4 homogeneous groups of 50 subjects each. Each group was subdivided into 10 packs of 05 animals, banded and numbered. The rations distributed with a substitution rate of 0, 10%, 20%, and 30% of maize and soybean meal by dehydrated husks and prickly pear cake were randomly distributed through the different groups.Results: Average daily gains and body weights at 48 days were improved (p<0.05) for the 10% and 20% groups and the 30% group performed identically to the control. Cold carcass yield was optimal for 10% and 20% groups. The liver weight of the experimental groups decreased significantly (p<0.05) while that of the gizzards increased significantly (+24 points). The meat protein rate evolved proportionally to the substitution rate, in contrast to the fat rate, which was depreciated by up to -1.08 points for the 30% group compared to the control.Conclusion: The incorporation of prickly pear processing by-products into broiler feed at rates of 10% and 20% improves zootechnical performance, carcass yields, and the chemical composition of the meat.
Total Knee Arthroplasty Improves Locomotive Syndrome in Patients with Knee Disease: A Prospective Cohort Study Focused on Total Clinical Decision Limits Stage 3
Authors: Miyazaki Shigeaki , Yoshinaga Saori , Tsuruta Kurumi , Hombu Amy , Fujii Yoshinori , Arakawa Hideki , Chosa Etsuo
Published: January 2021

Background:In 2020, the Japanese Orthopaedic Association added a new clinical decision limit (CDL), stage 3, to evaluate the stages of locomotive syndrome (LS). However, so far there has been no study of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) to examine the efficacy of LS treatment and there are no motor function indicators to predict LS improvement, focusing on stage 3. The purpose of this study is to investigate the treatment efficacy of TKA on LS focusing on total CDL stage 3 leading to revealing the motor function indicators that can predict LS improvement in patients who had received TKA.Methods:This prospective cohort study was conducted with 59 patients among 70 patients who underwent TKA, with total CDL stage 3 before TKA evaluation. LS was evaluated using stand-up test, two-step test, and 25-Question Geriatric Locomotive Function Scale. In addition, the motor function indicators which could predict the LS improvement were examined. All assessments were conducted before TKA and three months after TKA.Results:Of the 59 subjects who were evaluated to be in total CDL stage 3 before TKA, 17 patients (28.8%) were determined to show improvements in total CDL. From the result of the decision tree analysis, when the CDL of the two-step test before TKA was 1 or less, the improvement rate was 77.8%. Even if the CDL of the two-step test before TKA was higher than 2 and if the 3m-Timed Up & Go test (3m-TUG) before TKA was 9.15 or less, the improvement rate was 60%.Conclusions:As of three months after surgery, TKA can improve LS in about 30% of patients. A two-step test before TKA and 3m-TUG before TKA can be used as motor function indicators to predict LS improvement. This study provides useful information for setting the goal for rehabilitation prior to surgery.