bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IGNITION DELAY REDUCTION IN THE SYNGAS-O2 MIXTURE DUE TO EXCITATION OF O2 MOLECULES TO THE A1-G STATE
Authors:   P. I. Baranov Central Institute of Aviation Motors, Kobtsev V. D. , Kostritsa S. A. ,   P. I. Baranov Central Institute of Aviation Motors, Smirnov V. V. ,   P. I. Baranov Central Institute of Aviation Motors,   A. M. Prokhorov General Physics Institute Russian Academy of Sciences, Titova N. S. ,   P. I. Baranov Central Institute of Aviation Motors, Torokhov S. A. ,   P. I. Baranov Central Institute of Aviation Motors
Published: December 2020

Experimental studies of the influence of singlet delta oxygen on the ignition delay of syngas-oxygen mixture are performed in a low-pressure flow reactor at a pressure of 16 mbar in a temperature range of 860-930 K. Glow discharge is used for the production of O2(a1As) molecules. The discharge cell and ducts for oxygen plasma supply are covered by HgO in order to decrease the concentrations of oxygen atoms and ozone molecules which are the effective deactivators of O2(a1As) molecules. Diagnostics of O2(a1 -g) and O3 concentrations both in the mixer and along the flow reactor is executed. It is shown that the presence of a small amount of O2(a1As) molecules (4% of the total oxygen) result in the 10%-20% reduction of the induction length in the temperature range 860-930 K. The effect of such an amount of O2(a1 -g) molecules is equivalent to the 30-kelvin heating of the whole mixture. It is revealed on the basis of combined experimental and numerical studies that at low pressure (at least at ~ 10-20 bar), the deactivation of O2(a1As) molecules on the reactor walls contributes significantly to a decrease in the singlet oxygen concentration along the reactor. This effect should be taken into consideration during modeling of the ignition process at low-pressure conditions.
MODELING OF COMBUSTION OF POLYDISPERSED ALUMINUM AIR-SUSPENSION TAKING INTO ACCOUNT KINETIC LIMITATIONS OF SUBOXIDE ALO REACTIONS ON PARTICLE SURFACE
Authors:   Perm National Research Polytechnical University, Kryukov A. Yu. , Malinin V. I. ,   Perm National Research Polytechnical University
Published: December 2020

Combustion of polydispersed aluminium air-suspension is modeled taking into account kinetics of interaction of suboxide AlO molecules with particle surface.
MODES AND SPECTRA OF COMBUSTION OF POROUS SILICON AT ELEVATED OXYGEN PRESSURES
Authors:   A. V. Luikov Heat and Mass Transfer Institute National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, MIRONOV V. N. , PENYAZKOV O. G. ,   A. V. Luikov Heat and Mass Transfer Institute National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, KRIVOSHEYEV P. N. ,   A. V. Luikov Heat and Mass Transfer Institute National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, BARANYSHYN Ya. A. ,   A. V. Luikov Heat and Mass Transfer Institute National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, IVANOV I. A. ,   A. V. Luikov Heat and Mass Transfer Institute National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, DELENDIK K. I. ,   A. V. Luikov Heat and Mass Transfer Institute National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, ROSHCHIN L. Yu. ,   A. V. Luikov Heat and Mass Transfer Institute National Academy of Sciences of Belarus
Published: December 2020

The results of experiments on combustion of porous silicon (pSi) layers with a thickness ranging from 19 to 135 pm at oxygen pressure up to 33 bar and spark initiation of the process are presented, as well as the possible modes of pSi combustion in oxygen are indicated.
THE ROLE OF BUBBLE PULSATIONS IN PROCESSES OF GENERATION OF THRUST PULSES FOR WATER MOVERS
Authors:   M. A. Lavrentyev Institute of Hydrodynamics Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Teslenko V. S. , Drozhzhin A. P. ,   M. A. Lavrentyev Institute of Hydrodynamics Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Medvedev R. N. ,   M. A. Lavrentyev Institute of Hydrodynamics Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: December 2020

The results of experiments on measurements of pulses of thrust force and bubble pulsations generated on a flat thrust wall due to combustion of a stoichiometric propane-oxygen mixture are presented.
NUMERICAL INVESTIGATION OF THE INFLUENCE OF WATER DROPS ON THE STRUCTURE OF A DETONATION WAVE IN THE METHANE-AIR MIXTURE
Authors:   Moscow Aviation Institute (National University), Gidaspov V. Yu. , Moskalenko O. A. ,   Moscow Aviation Institute (National University), Severina N. S. ,   Moscow Aviation Institute (National University), Fang Ch. ,   Shanghai Jiao Tong University
Published: December 2020

The results of numerical studies of the effect of water injection on the parameters of detonation waves in gas combustible mixtures are presented.
COMPUTATIONAL MODELING OF SUPERSONIC COMBUSTION
Authors:   P. I. Baranov Central Institute of Aviation Motors, Lebedev A. B. , Secundov A. N. ,   P. I. Baranov Central Institute of Aviation Motors, Yakubovskiy K. Ya. ,   P. I. Baranov Central Institute of Aviation Motors
Published: December 2020

The process of supersonic combustion of a near-wall jet of hydrogen in a stream of air in a model combustion chamber is considered.
Illegal Migration in Tunisian Rap
Authors: Chamekh Mohamed
Published: December 2020

This article explores illegal migration through Tunisian rap. It considers this music an aspect of resistance and protest against the socio-economic and political conditions obliging thousands of Tunisians to cross the Mediterranean in makeshift boats in search of better prospects and challenging the increasing security and legislative measures crippling mobility imposed by the EU and Tunisian authorities. This article contends that harga songs document the history of the working class in Tunisia and carve the identity of harraga as people who have been marginalised for generations. It concludes that EU-Tunisia security talks and dialogues remain ineffective as long as the root causes of illegal migration have not been addressed. Keywords: illegal migration, Tunisian rap, resistance, marginalization, security, immobility, identity
Collective Decision Making in Homer’s Odyssey
Authors: Papanikos Gregory T.
Published: December 2020

Collective decision making at the level of a politeia requires a collective body. The ancient Athenian concept of the ecclesia of demos was one such body as was the apella in the ancient city-state of Sparta. Qualified members of demos met at a specific place and venue to make decisions. At the level of a small polis (city-state), such gatherings were easily organized. In such cases, the power (-κρατέω -κράτος) belonged to people. If this power was exercised by the majority (πλείονας) and not by few (μὴ ἐς ὀλίγους) then this system of political organization was called (κέκληται) democracy (δημοκρατία = δῆμος + κράτος) as Thucydides so eloquently wrote in his Peloponnesian War [2.37.1] for all future generations to cherish which was his wish. Democracy can be considered as the end of a long process (voyage) of developing the art of collective decision making. It is the "Ithaca" of humanity’s expedition to discover an ideal political system. This article attempts to shed some (historical) light on this journey by looking at collective decision-making cases in Homer’s Odyssey. I was able to pinpoint ten such meetings of interest during which a sort of a collective decision was taken. Three of these meetings were held by immortals and seven by mortals. Some are described in detail while others in a few verses. All these are discussed in some detail in the different sections of the paper. Keywords: demos, democracy, Homer, Odyssey, collective decision making
Erycius Puteanus’ Elogia project, Balduinus Horickius and Chicago, Newberry Library, Wing MS ZW 6465 .H782
Authors: Bracke Wouter
Published: December 2020

This article proposes a study of Chicago, Newberry Library, Wing ms ZW 6465 .H782 and analyses its significance for Erycius Puteanus’ Elogia project to which the author refers often in his rich correspondence, especially in his letters to Guilliam Blitterswyck. The study also links the ms. to two of Puteanus’ minor publications in print, the Podium Philippicum and the Orchestra Burgundica. Lastly, it discusses the lineographic drawings on the background of the calli-graphic tradition in the first half of the seventeenth century and more specifically at the court of the governors of the Southern Low Countries.
Republican Movement in Iran and the reasons of its failure (January – March 1924)
Authors: Arabadzhyan Z. A.
Published: December 2020

By the beginning of the twentieth century for almost 2500 years of its history,Iranwas an originally monarchical country, where the republican ideas and traditions were completely untypical. Nevertheless, from the end of December 1923, the society traced the idea of overthrowing Ahmed Shah Qajar and replacing constitutional monarchy with a republic. The main source of the republican movement was the Tajjaddod (Renaissance) Party, led by Seyyed Mohamed Tadayon. In fact, the whole process was initiated by an almighty dictator Reza Khan (whose honorary title was Sardar Sepah). He held the posts of a Prime Minister and a Minister of War and in order to achieve his goals he forced Ahmed Shah to leaveIranin November 1923. Reza-Khan wanted to repeat Kemal Ataturk’s way, and planned to become the so-called lifetime president of the republic.

However, the movement for becoming a republic provoked strong resistance in various segments of Iranian society, which was led by Shiite clergy. The leader of Anti-Republican Movement was Seyed Hassan Modarres, a major theologian and politician and a member of the Majlis (Parliament).

As a result of a sharp struggle between the opposing camps, the Republican Movement suffered a crushing defeat. The reasons for it were, firstly, the unwillingness of the majority of Iranian classes and social groups to give up the monarchy and, secondly, straightforward and rough actions of the Republicans, which caused the opposite effect among the population.
From the History of Turkestan Emigration: «Turkestan Charity Society» in Cairo
Authors: Khairutdinov A. G.
Published: December 2020

The article introduces the content of a previously unknown document related to the history of Turkestan emigration in Egyptin the 40s of the twentieth century. We mean the Charter of Turkestan Charity Society (Turkestan Jamiyat-i Khayriyesi), created inCairo in 1944 by a group of eminent people from the Bolshevik Central Asia political refugees. The document is written in two languages: Arabic and Turkish. Not only the main part of the document is of particular interest, but it also makes it possible to identify the names of prominent representatives of theTurkestan emigrant community who participated in the creation of the society. The relevance of the proposed material is caused by the fact that the information about the very process of creation and its initiators is not available neither in domestic nor in foreign theses published recently on the history ofTurkestan emigration. In addition, the article reveals some fresh evidence about a group of people who were in close relationship with one of the brightest representatives ofTurkestan emigration, a Tatar theologian, Musa Bigiev (1875–1949). Here we mean HH Princess Khadija Abbas Hilmi (1879–1951), a representative of the Muhammad Ali dynasty, as well as Musa Bigiev’s students Yusuf Uralgiray (1915–1976) and Muhammad Turkistani (1904–1991).
Hadith Qudsi: between the Qur’an and the Sunna
Authors: Oliander A. I.
Published: December 2020

The article is related to the analysis of Hadith Qudsi as a set of apocryphal texts in Islamic tradition. The main purpose of the article is introducing a common definition of Hadith Qudsi and providing unique information about the development of studies on it. Moreover, the paper provides deep comparative analysis of the most important collections of Hadith Qudsi. The research is peculiar with its strictly textological approach that can be contrasted to the predecessors’ works where the texts were basically used for cultural researches.
The treatise «Yatimat ad-dahr ﬁ fatawa ahl al-’asr» (A Unique collection of fatwas of our time scholars) and the problem of its authorship
Authors: Adygamov R. K , Abdurrakhman Kh. Kh.
Published: December 2020

This article analyzes one of the classical works «Yatimat ad-dahr fi fatawa ahl al-’asr» (a Unique collection of fatwas of our time scholars) by a traditional for the Volga Region Muslim Hanafi School of Theology (madhhab). Most biographical writings ascribe the authorship of this work to Muhammad Ibn Mahmud at-Tarjumani (d. 645/1247). But the authors of the paper, having analyzed the manuscripts, which were compiled to form the work and having examined the Ijaza of al-Zamakhshari, naming arrays of his students, found out that the work actually belongs to the pen of his grandfather ‘Abd ar-Rahim Ibn’ Umar at-Tarjumani (approx. born in 515/1122). As well as the authors managed to identify some events concerning the biography of the theologian, for example, they made an assumption about his date of birth and revealed some textual features of this work.
Presentation of the author’s course «Spiritually-oriented Pedagogy and Psychology»
Authors: Sedankina T. E.
Published: December 2020

This article presents a general description of the author’s course «Spiritually-oriented Pedagogy and Psychology», intended for undergraduates, postgraduates and doctoral students in «Theology», «Philosophy», «Psychology»; for educators and psychologists teaching in universities, that implement the «Theology» training direction; for school teachers leading the courses of «The Fundamentals of Religious Culture and Secular Ethics», as well as for the members of the Association of Psychological Assistance to Muslims who work with religiously oriented clients. The article also reveals the reasons of the course creation, its goals and objectives, specifies the course structure and provides the results of its approbation.
Malkara-Keşan (GB Trakya) çevresinde bulunan silisleşmiş ağaçların türlerinin tespiti ve mineralojik-petrografik özellikleri
Authors: ÇEVİK ÜNER Burcu , AKKEMİK Ünal , YILMAZ ŞAHİN Sabah
Published: December 2020

Trakya Havzası güneybatısında yer alan Malkara-Keşan çevresinde silisleşmiş ağaç örnekleri, Geç Oligosen-Erken Miyosen yaşlı Danişmen Formasyonuna ait karasal sedimanlar içerisinde bulunmaktadır. Türkiye’nin çeşitli bölgelerinde tespit edilen, özellikle Tersiyer yaş aralığındaki silisleşmiş ağaçların oluşumları birbirine benzer özellikte olup, Malkara-Keşan bölgesinde de olduğu gibi bu dönemdeki etkin volkanizma faaliyetleri ve eşzamanlı sedimantasyonla ilişkilidir.

Silisleşmiş ağaç örneklerinde enine, teğet ve radyal yönde kesitler yapılarak, bunlarda polarizan mikroskop altında mineralojik-petrografik çalışmalar yapılmıştır. Silisleşmiş ağaçların tamamına yakınında, silisin çeşitli formlarda geliştiği gözlenmiştir. Ayrıca, bu yolla tespit edilen silisin mineral tür ve amorf oluşumları XRD analizleri ile de desteklenmiştir. Buna göre Opal-A, Opal-CT, kalsedon ve kuvars türü amorf/mineralojik oluşumlar saptanmıştır. Silisleşmiş ağaçlardan alınan ince kesitler üzerinde yapılan çalışmalarla fosil ağaç cins/türleri tespit edilerek o dönemin paleobotanik yorumları yapılmıştır. Silisleşmiş ağaç örneklerinin tanısıyla Glyptostroboxylon rudolphii bulgusu, Oligosen-Erken Miyosen döneminde Trakya’da ilk kez, cf. Quercoxylon caucasicum ve cf. Ginkgoxylon lesboense türleri ise Türkiye’de ilk defa bu çalışma ile tanımlanmıştır. Tespit edilen diğer tür ise; Taxodioxylon gypsaceum‘dur. Bu türlerin yaşam ortamları göz önüne alındığında, bölgede Oligosen-ErkenMiyosen dönemlerinde su kenarı-bataklık koşullarının ve subtropikal iklimin hâkim olduğu söylenebilir.
Causal Perception in Question-Answering Systems
Authors: Law Po-Ming , Lo Leo Yu Ho , Endert Alex , Stasko John , Qu Huamin
Published: December 2020

Root cause analysis is a common data analysis task. While question-answering systems enable people to easily articulate a why question (e.g., why students in Massachusetts have high ACT Math scores on average) and obtain an answer, these systems often produce questionable causal claims. To investigate how such claims might mislead users, we conducted two crowdsourced experiments to study the impact of showing different information on user perceptions of a question-answering system. We found that in a system that occasionally provided unreasonable responses, showing a scatterplot increased the plausibility of unreasonable causal claims. Also, simply warning participants that correlation is not causation seemed to lead participants to accept reasonable causal claims more cautiously. We observed a strong tendency among participants to associate correlation with causation. Yet, the warning appeared to reduce the tendency. Grounded in the findings, we propose ways to reduce the illusion of causality when using question-answering systems.
UKURAN GEJALA PUSAT DATA DIKELOMPOKKAN UNTUK MENGHITUNG NILAI AKHIR STATISTIKA KEBUMIAN 2019/2020 (STUDI KASUS) : UNIVERSITAS LAMPUNG KELAS A
Authors: Gernato Frans , Amannuloh Saif , Asyhakaila Sephia
Published: December 2020

Universitas Lampung /Unila merupakan universitas negeri pertama dan tertua di Lampung. Padaawalnya kampus ini merupakan sekretariat Fakultas Ekonomi Hukum Sosial (FEHS) Lampung yang berdiri padatahun 1960 dan dibina oleh Yayasan Pembina Perguruan Tinggi Lampung (YPPLT). Sebelum menjadi kampusnegeri, FEHS Lampung menjadi cabang Fakultas Hukum dan Fakultas Ekonomi Unsri Palembang sejak tahun 1961dan kemudian berafiliasi dengan Universitas Indonesia pada tahun 1964. Akhirnya pada tahun 1965 FEHS berubahmenjadi universitas negeri yang berdiri sendiri dengan diterbitkannya Surat Keputusan Menteri Perguruan Tinggi danIlmu Pengetahuan (PTIP) No. 195 tahun 1965. Surat tersebut menyatakan bahwa terhitung sejak tanggal 23September 1965 berdiri Universitas Lampung (Unila) dengan dua Fakultas, yaitu Fakultas Hukum dan FakultasEkonomi yang kemudian dikukuhkan melalui Keputusan Presiden Republik Indonesia Nomor 73 tahun 1966 tentangpendirian Universitas Lampung
Stakeholder Identification in Vietnamese Private Higher Education Institutions
Authors: AISDL
Published: December 2020

The purpose of this study is to provide empirical insights into stakeholder identification (SI) in specific context of Vietnamese private higher education institutions (VPHEIs). Existing literature points to the pervasive relationship-centric paradigm of stakeholder identification that is applicable to higher education institutions (HEIs). This paper argues that VPHEIs need to effectively manage relationships with stakeholders who influence challenging issues that face the institutions. This paper addresses the question: how do VPHEIs identify stakeholders? Data from key informant interviews and participant observations were triangulated to compare and contrast the findings. The key finding is that VPHEIs management identify key stakeholders differently. The data indicated that interpersonal relationships influence VPHEIs management approach to stakeholder identification rather than the understanding and application of stakeholder theory
Kemiringan Dan Keruncingan Kasus Covid-19 Di Indonesia/15 Desember 2020
Authors: khoirunnisa Nur , Wangga Farhandhika Dwi , Rivai Muhamad Hirzi
Published: December 2020

Slope measure is a measure that expresses the degree of asymmetry of a smooth curve(curve) of a frequency distribution. The slope of the data distribution has 3 types, namely symmetry,sloping to the right, sloping to the left. The slope of the data distribution is called the skewness and thekurtosis (k) is a measure of the height or depth of a curve. The ductility of the data distribution is thedegree or measure of the height of the peak of a data distribution against the normal distribution of thedata. The tangle of data distribution is called kurtosis. There are 3 types of data loss, namely Leptokurtis,Mesokurtis, Platikurtis.
Cotton quantum flows in geometrodynamics
Authors: Kuyukov Vitaly
Published: December 2020

Cotton quantum flows in geometrodynamics
ANALISIS PENGARUH LUAS LAHAN PANEN TERHADAP HASIL PANEN PADI DI JAWA TENGAH PADA TAHUN 2019
Authors: Syaputra Syahiena Maulana , Siregar Daniel Kristopel , Riskianandaputri  , Aprillia Cahyaning
Published: December 2020

Luas panen padi di Jawa Tengah pada tahun 2019 diperkirakan sebesar 1,68 juta hektar atau mengalami penurunan sebanyak 143,50 ribu hektar atau 7,88 persen dibandingkan tahun 2018. Produksi padi di Jawa Tengah pada tahun 2019 diperkirakan sebesar 9,66 juta ton GKG atau mengalami penurunan sebanyak 0,84 juta ton atau 8,04 persen dibandingkan tahun 2018. Jika produksi padi pada tahun 2019 dikonversikan menjadi beras  untuk  konsumsi  pangan  penduduk,  produksi  beras di Jawa Tengah pada 2019 sebesar 5,52 juta ton atau mengalami  penurunan sebanyak 0,48 juta ton atau 8,04 persen dibandingkan tahun 2018.
Conscious awareness of visual space: A tripartite encoding model.
Authors: Vishwanath Dhanraj
Published: December 2020

The prevailing model of 3D vision proposes that the visual system recovers a single objective and internally consistent representation of physical 3D space based on a process of ideal-observer probabilistic inference. A significant challenge for this model has been in explaining the contents of our subjective awareness of visual space. Here I argue that integrating phenomenological observations, empirical data, evolutionary logic and neurophysiological evidence leads to the conjecture that the human conscious awareness of visual space is underwritten by multiple, sometimes mutually inconsistent, spatial encodings. By assessing four primary competencies in the conscious awareness of space, three major types of spatial encodings are conjectured. Among the most primitive of these is proposed to support the competency of the conscious awareness of distance at an ambulatory scale (operationally defined as egocentric distance) and is hypothesised to involve temporal archicortex regions. The second is proposed to support the competency of awareness of object layout and 3D shape without scale (operationally, relative depth), likely instantiated in the ventral visual stream of the neocortex. This encoding is hypothesised to have evolved from more primitive encodings that provide a depth-ordered segmentation of the visual field. The third encoding is proposed to support the competency of fine-grained awareness of intra- and inter-object spatial separation in near space (operationally, scaled or absolute depth) and instantiated in the dorsal visual stream. This encoding is conjectured to underlie the phenomenology of object solidity, spatial separation, tangibility and object realness that is often referred to as stereopsis. The combined effect of the first and third competencies (ambulatory distance and near-space scaled spatial separation) is conjectured to contribute to the feeling of spatial immersion and presence.
Die geheime Islamisierung des Abendlandes: Großgruppenverschwörungstheorien als Nährboden von Fremdgruppendiskriminierung und Rechtspopulismus.
Authors: Uenal Fatih
Published: December 2020

The aim of this study is to analyze the effects of specific Islamophobic beliefs, namely, anti-Muslim prejudice, anti-Islam sentiment, and Islamophobic conspiracy theories on outgroup discrimination. Moreover, further intergroup and interindividual difference variables are included into the analyses. The results suggest of the online survey (N = 450) suggest that outgroup discrimination is best predicted by Islamophobic conspiracy theories, while simultaneously controlling for the effects of social dominance orientation, in-group identification, political conservatism and the two additional dimensions of Islamophobia. As expected, intergroup contact showed negative associations with outgroup discrimination.
Supervisor and doctoral student relationships: Can we call it bullying?
Authors: Shahidi Hooman
Published: December 2020

My research is qualitative research about the relationship between PhD supervisors and their students. It seems in some cases there are conflicts in these relationships. Especially because of the academic power of the supervisors I discussed and investigate a case to know if we can call it bullying and what are the opinion of PhD students about it. Does it causes psychological detachment for them or no.
The 1962 Military Confrontation on Salvaging West Papua: An Analysis on War Theory
Authors: Zadid Ahmed Ishtiaq , Busharads Mohamed Osman Elamin
Published: December 2020

Based on the Round Table Conference between Indonesia and the Netherlands' representatives in 1949, West Papua will be delivered to Indonesia a year later. Nevertheless, the Dutch broke their promise to return West Papua to Indonesian sovereignty. The Dutch continued to insist on West Papua as their land and then increased their military presence in West Papua to prepare for defending the territory. Responding to this, initially, Indonesia made peaceful efforts, namely bilateral diplomacy within the Indonesian-Dutch Union ties, continued with trilateral diplomacy and diplomacy efforts using the Asian African Conference and United Nations organizations. However, Indonesian diplomatic efforts met with deadlock. Hence, another form of diplomacy, the military effort, has been displayed. This study's main aim is to review the 1962 military confrontation on salvaging West Papua in the analysis on war theory. Also, to prove that with sufficient military strength, the country will confidently step up to be the negotiating table winner. The Indonesian military strength at that time was playing a significant role as a deterrent effect. The research uses a qualitative descriptive phenomenology method, using data sources from several books and journals available. The result of the research shows that Indonesia absolutely needs a modern and more rigid military force to maintain its sovereignty, protect our Island and its natural resources. Without the deterrent effect of military power, Indonesia will be underestimated in international politics.
Traumatic ulcerative granuloma with stromal eosinophilia: a series of four cases with review of literature
Authors: Mehta Sangita Sharma , Muthusamy Rajeshwari K
Published: December 2020

Most of the oral ulcers are traumatic in origin due to sharp tooth and self bite. Traumatic ulcerative granuloma with stromal eosinophilia is a chronic benign lesion of the oral mucosa with uncertain histogenesis. Trauma was proposed to be an inciting factor.

A series of four cases of Traumatic Ulcerative Granuloma with Stromal Eosinophilia in the lateral borders of the tongue were analyzed regarding oral hygiene, sharp tooth, clinical presentation, histology, and follow-up. The lesion manifests as a small solitary ulcer with induration in the oral mucosa mimicking malignancy. Histology revealed ulcers with exudate and granulation tissue with dense polymorphous infiltrate rich in eosinophils. Infiltrate extends down in between the skeletal muscle fibers and salivary gland lobules. A sharp tooth was found to be the inciting factor in a proportion of cases. Histopathological examination is mandatory to confirm the diagnosis and to exclude malignancy and other eosinophil rich disorders.
Small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma coexisting with adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix - a rare entity
Authors: Meel Mukta , Jindal Arpita , Kumar Mukesh , Mittal Alka
Published: December 2020

Squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma are the most common histological types of cervical cancer. The co-existence of two histological types is rare. Here we report a case of a 65-year-old woman with a complaint of postmenopausal bleeding and a history of foul-smelling discharge per vagina for  8  months. On examination cervix flared up with growth, bled on touch, parametrium was involved and adherent anteriorly with bladder & posteriorly with the rectum. Cervical biopsy revealed small cell carcinoma coexisting with Adenocarcinoma. Later it was confirmed by immunohistochemistry.
Profile of uncommon primary adult hepatic malignancies at a tertiary care center
Authors: Thomas Eliz , Venkatasubramanian A
Published: December 2020

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma has been the most common primary malignancy of the liver in adults, followed by cholangiocarcinoma. The less common malignancies are those arising from the vascular endothelial cells, neuroendocrine cells, hematolymphoid tissues, and mesenchymal tissues. Imaging studies alone may pose a diagnostic challenge, due to the variable appearances. Histological review of the tissue specimen along with immunohistochemical stains are imperative for diagnosis. However, a multidisciplinary approach is necessary to make an accurate diagnosis and help in management.

Materials and methods:  The unusual adult primary hepatic malignancies were studied in 2 years period with clinic-radiological and biochemical correlation and also the age and sex distribution were determined. Ethical approval was obtained. Statistical analysis used: SPSS version 23.0.

Results: A total of 24 liver malignancies were encountered. Metastatic tumors and tumor-like lesions were excluded. The patient's clinico-radiological findings and laboratory investigations were noted. A total of 6 unusual non-hepatocellular malignancies were seen and identified based on morphology and special stains. Out of 6 non-hepatocellular malignancies, 3 were neuroendocrine carcinomas, 2 were leiomyosarcomas and 1 was a hematolymphoid malignancy. Radiologic impression and biochemical parameters helped arrive at a definitive opinion as the lesions were not typical of this location. A high index of suspicion along with the immunohistochemical profile finally facilitated the diagnosis.

Conclusions: The cases of primary non-hepatocellular malignancies are unexpected. A multidisciplinary approach is mandatory.
Le choix des structures syntaxiques peut-il avoir un effet manipulatoire sur l’auditoire ?
Authors: Hajok Alicja , Miladi Lidia
Published: December 2020

The starting point of this project is the fact that we are constantly “under the influence of someone else”. From an early age, our perception of reality is shaped by the environment (community) in which we live, i.e. by our parents, friends, teachers, but also by the so-called mass media. Opinion-forming is undoubtedly deliberately instrumentalised through the implementation of a strategy aimed at obtaining the approval of its receiver. The objective of this study is to discuss different types of linguistic manipulation. We will also propose an analysis of different types oflinguistic manipulation, in particular syntactic.
L’image linguistique du Juif déjouée par les pragmatèmes. Le cas du discours antisémite et antisioniste
Authors: Pirogowska Ewa
Published: December 2020

The concept of pragmateme as witnessed in various discursive settings is analyzed. It is demonstrated to be dependent on a diaphasic variant at work — it can be felicitously applied to utterances whose value hinges on the communicative context, and it proves inherent to the speech production of a given individual. Likewise, its value may depend on communicative circumstances and might be specific to a given speech community. Convenient examples are provided by the anti-Semitic and anti-Zionist discourses of the acclaimed French performer Dieudonné fanciers. Pragmateme’s instance taken into consideration relies on a single phonetic shape \ʃ ɔ.a.na.nɑ\ likely to correspond to two different spellings [chaud ananas] [Shoah nana]. It misrepresents the figure of a Jew, whose depreciating image tightens the ties between community members, where antiSemitism is perceived as an overarching value.
Les emprunts à l’anglais touchés par la réforme orthographique et leur variation dans la presse canadienne en ligne
Authors: Fabrycy Małgorzata
Published: December 2020

This article examines if and how the recommendations of the spelling reform from 1990 are applied and used in practice. We have focused especially on the loanwords namely anglicisms in the Canadian French and their employment in the Canadian press in electronic format. For that purpose, we wanted to depict certain details of the spelling reform concerning words of foreign origin, and more precisely those which are borrowed from British and American English. We have also concentrated our attention on the difficulties of French grammatical system, comparing it with the Italian and Spanish grammatical systems in order to illustrate the level of complexity of the French language. To demonstrate and verify the usage of the rules recommended by the reform of French orthography, we have chosen several online versions of Canadian daily press.
ЭТИЧЕСКИЕ АСПЕКТЫ ВНЕДРЕНИЯ ЦИФРОВЫХ ТЕХНОЛОГИЙ И КОНФЛИКТЫ «УМНОГО РЕГУЛИРОВАНИЯ»: ОПЫТ ГЕРМАНИИ И ЭСТОНИИ
Authors: Волкова А. В.
Published: December 2020

This article analyses ethical elements of institutional designs which are being used in digital public administration models. The author views digitalization as a process based on principles of diversity, openness to polemics and conflict, which leads to creation of new connections meanings. Various conflicts, arising during the introduction of digital technologies and “smart regulation” become the major focus of authors attention. The specifics of institutional designs in Germany and Estonia lead to the conclusion that as the range of available objective information technologies increases, the gap with practically feasible technologies also expands. This is caused by various organizational and institutional barriers, the overcoming of which is possible through the formation of a certain ethical system, the development of “digital talent” and “digital abilities” of citizens. The success of the digitalization policy implementation depends on building a system of state and non-state formations that use common norms and values that interact with each other on the basis of resource interdependence in order to achieve a common agreement, a public good. The process of institutionalization of digital innovation, when the exchange of knowledge and technology becomes vital for the development of each firm, industry and national economies, and pluralization makes rigid regulation ineffective forms a new attitude based on a common ethical principles and values. It serves to ensure coordination for the management of knowledge and social information processes. Thus, digital public administration stimulates the permanent development of innovative solutions, the search for new communication channels and the improvement of social learning, based on trust.
Phytochemical Investigation of Aerial Parts of Iraqi Cardaria draba
Authors: Abd Alaa M. , J. Kadhim Enas
Published: December 2020

The aim of this study was to study chemical constituents of aerial parts of Cardaria draba since no phytochemical investigation had been studied before in Iraq. Aerial parts of Cardaria draba were defatted by maceration in hexane for 72 h. The defatted plant materials were extracted using Soxhlet apparatus, the aqueous Methanol 90% as a solvent extraction for 18 h, and fractionated with petroleum ether- chloroform (CHCl3)- ethylacetate- and n-butanol respectivly. The ethyl acetate, n-butanol, and n-butanol after hydrolysis fractions were investigated by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and thin-layer chromatography (TLC) for its phenolic acid and flavonoid contents. Flavonoids and phenolic acid derivative were isolated from the ethylacetate of leaf fraction and n-butanol after hydrolysis fraction of the aerial parts and identified by TLC, FTIR and HPLC. A various chromatographic and spectroscopic results shown the presence of luteolin, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, and resorcinol in aerial parts of C. draba.
Formulation and Evaluation of Ondansetron HCl Nanoparticles for Transdermal Delivery
Authors: Noor Amjed H , M. Ghareeb Mowafaq
Published: December 2020

Ondansetron HCl (OND) is a potent antiemetic drug used for control of nausea and vomiting associated with cancer chemotherapy. It exhibits only 60 – 70 % of oral bioavailability due to first pass metabolism and has a relative short half-life of 3-5 hours. Poor bioavailability not only leads to the frequent dosing but also shows very poor patient adherence. Hence, in the present study an approach has been made to develop OND nanoparticles using eudragit® RS100 and eudragit® RL100 polymer to control release of OND for transdermal delivery and to improve patient compliance.

Six formulas of OND nanoparticles were prepared using nanoprecipitation technique. The particles sizes and zeta potential were measured using zeta-plus analyzer. The particle morphology was also studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The in-vitro release of the drug from the nanoparticles was carried out in phosphate buffer saline pH 7.4.

The particle size of the prepared NPs were in nano size which ranged from (95.34 to 275.84 nm) with positive zeta potential. The drug entrapment efficiency was varied with the drug polymer ratio from 41.87% to 78.45%. The SEM showed uniform shape and regularly distributed particle sizes. The in-vitro drug release study exhibited the sustained release of OND with burst release. The cumulative percentage released after 12 hr. were between were 77.89 and 96.01%.

Also the transdermal permeation study show that nanoparticles permeate more efficiently than aqueous solution of the drug through the skin by approximately two fold. OND nanoparticles were prepared successfully using nanoprecipitation method. The controlled drug release aimed for transdermal drug delivery could be obtained by using eudragit RS100 and eudragit RL100 polymers which can reduce dosing frequency, decrease side effects and improve patient compliance.
Estimation of Beta Two Microglobulins, Fetuin-A, Resistin Serum Level in Iraqi Multiple Myeloma Patients
Authors: Salman Ali S. , S.Saleh Eman , S.Abass Mohammed
Published: December 2020

Multiple myeloma is hematological disease produces many complications in the bone, kidney, neural and other complications. The study aims to measure serum biomolecules like fetuin-A and resistin and determined the possibility to use these biomarkers as disease predictor. blood samples were isolated from 58 patients and 24 sex and age-matched control, serum then isolated, and proper ELISA kit then used to a determined level of B2 microglobulin, resistin, and fetuin-A. The result demonstrated significant increase in   B2 microglobulin, fetuin-A and resistin in patients compare to control (1.3470.714 vs. 0.9130.253), p = 0.000, (14.00310.352 vs. 9.2594.264), p= 0.005, (1.9673.595 vs. 0.6040.622), p = 0.009, respectively.   These differences give the possibility to use these biomolecules as a predictor in multiple myeloma.
HOW LONG IS THE MEMORY OF THE REGION LAC STOCK MARKET?
Authors: Alexandre Paulo , Dias Rui , Heliodoro Paula
Published: December 2020

Coronavirus Covid-19 is a type of outbreak that first appeared in December 2019 in the city of Wuhan, Hubei Province, China. It was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) on March 12, 2020. This trial aims to test the hypothesis of an efficient market, in its weak form, in the context of the global pandemic, in the financial markets of Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Peru, Mexico. The sample comprises daily data from July 2015 to June 2020 and is divided into two sub-periods pre and during Covid-19. The purpose of this analysis was to answer whether: i) the global pandemic (Covid-19) increased synchronization in the financial markets under analysis? ii) if so, could the persistence of profitability delimit the hypothesis of portfolio diversification? The results of the Gregory-Hansen test show very significant levels of integration in the periods before and during the Covid pandemic. In addition, we found that most of the breaks in structure are in March 2020. The results of the DFA exponents show that during the pre-Covid period, the Peruvian market shows persistence, suggesting signs of inefficiency (long memories), while the Argentinean market shows anti persistence, and the remaining markets show an equilibrium trend. In addition, we found that during the VOCID period the Chilean and Colombia markets show very significant signs of inefficiency, with moderate signs of in (efficiency) the Argentinean, Brazilian and Peruvian markets. In addition, we verified that the Mexican market shows signs of anti-persistence. In conclusion, the emerging markets of Latin America show, for the most part, long persistent and significant memories during the Covid pandemic outbreak, that is, they show signs of in (efficiency). The authors consider that the results achieved are of interest to investors seeking opportunities in these stock exchanges, as well as to policy makers to carry out institutional reforms in order to increase the efficiency of stock markets and promote the sustainable growth of financial markets.
THE RESTRICTION OF HUMAN RIGHTS IN A PANDEMIC CRISIS: THE CASE OF UKRAINIAN LEGISLATION
Authors: Kobetska Nadiia
Published: December 2020

The presented paper is aimed at substantiating the formal and legal grounds for the introduction of restrictions on human rights in the battle against the spread of COVID-19 in Ukraine. The analysis of restrictive measures introduced by the Government of Ukraine is conducted by the author on the basis of their interpretation and comparison of Ukrainian legislative acts that define the legal regimes of quarantine, an emergency situation and a state of emergency. The author analyzes the problematic legislative provisions that formed the basis for the introduction of quarantine measures and an emergency situation in Ukraine and established restrictions on the implementation of a number of the constitutional rights of citizens. The article substantiates the conclusion on the constitutionality and legality of restrictions on human rights under a state of emergency, which was not introduced in Ukraine.
Thomas Mann’s Moses and Sigmund Freud’s Moses and Monotheism in the context of ‘Germany’s suicide’
Authors: Sokolova E. V.
Published: December 2020

Written during his American ‘exile’ and depicting an alternative story of the prophet Moses, T. Mann’s little studied novella The Tables of the Law [Das Gesetz] (1943) is compared with S. Freud’s Moses and Monotheism [Der Mann Moses und die monotheistische Religion] (1939), his last work completed before his death. The author traces a number of significant parallels: in particular, Moses’s origins in the highest classes of Egyptian society. Mann sees the figure of Moses in The Tables of the Law as one of the purest and most vivid embodiments of creative principles, going back to his own period of ‘playing Goethe.’ Moses is yet another of his powerful, harmonious and optimistic characters from the 1930s–1940s (Joseph in the four-part novel Joseph and His Brothers [Joseph und seine Brüder] or Goethe in Lotte in Weimar), with roots in the majestic Dutchman Peeperkorn from The Magic Mountain [Der Zauberberg] (1924). Instead of engaging in a direct polemic with corresponding ideological dogmata, the two books written by the giants of Germanspeaking culture in Nazi times reveal a profound examination of not fully recognized and therefore still dangerous sources of Nazi ideology on the mythological level in mankind’s collective unconscious.
Kestner, J. A. (2017). Sherlock’s sisters: The British female detective, 1864–1913. New York: Routledge.
Authors: Samorodnitskaya E. I.
Published: December 2020

The monograph of the American scholar Joseph A. Kestner is devoted to Victorian novels and stories that feature a female detective protagonist. The author introduces a large volume of little studied texts written in the period from 1864 to 1913, which he explores to follow the process of the female detective character taking shape, noting its specific structural and sociocultural traits as well as features of narration. As a literary example and a starting point, the author considers the character of the amateur detective Sherlock Holmes: it is in comparison and polemic with him that the character of a female detective is formed in the subsequent literary tradition. In recognizing realistic prose as documentary evidence, the author painstakingly reconstructs the historical context, mostly in the area of gender issues. This enables him to shed a new light on the origins of English detective writing, while not without certain limitations.
ABOUT CONCEPT OF CREATING A REGISTER OF NEW AVAILABLE AGROTECHNOLOGIES
Authors:   L. Pogorilyy UkrNDIPVT, Kravchuk V. , Targonia V. , Novokhatsky M. , Maidanovych N.
Published: December 2020

The purpose of the work is to consider the problem, scientific substantiation and assessment of prospects for creating a separate register of Ukrainian innovative agricultural technologies and methods of its formation, in order to implement a mechanism to provide agricultural sector of Ukraine with reliable information about modern agricultural technologies. Methods of creating a register of innovative agricultural technologies should include a detailed presentation of information about the technology and evaluation of its operational verification. The working material for the creation of the register will be directly scientific developments of innovative agricultural technologies, and the methodology of such works involves systematization of information on innovative developments of agricultural technologies and the use of the principle of connectivity in agricultural technology (production technology, process, technological operation) and other information. databases and registers. Results. Selected agrotechnologies should be evaluated according to such criteria as: volumes of implementation; the level of negative impact on the environment; economic efficiency of implementation and operation; resource and energy saving; implementation period, etc. The authors propose a classification of innovative technologies of agricultural production, according to the principle of impact on agrobiocenoses, on: technologies of organic farming based on the return to the old previous agrotechnologies, which are based on the non-use of any agrochemicals; biodynamic technologies of intensive influence on separate links of a trophic chain and integrated ecological agrotechnologies which provide intensive influence on all links of agrobiocenoses trophic chain. Conclusions. The development and use of methods and algorithms for working with unstructured information on Ukrainian agricultural technologies and the creation of an appropriate systematized register, according to the authors, will provide farmers and advisory services with comprehensive information on innovative agricultural technologies, which will ensure innovative development and technological modernization of the agricultural sector of Ukraine.