bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
APLIKASI KONSULTASI PENYAKIT PADA IKAN KOI (CYPRINUS ROBFUSCUS) MENGGUNAKAN METODE FORWARD CHAINING
Authors: Iqbal setiawan  , Asriyanik  , Fathia Frazna Az-zahra
Published: February 2024

Ikan koi adalah jenis ikan yang termasuk carp amur (Cyprinus rubrofucus) yang mempunyai motif yang sangat indah dan jinak. Maka dari itu ikan koi adalah ikan yang banyak diminati oleh para penghobi ikan khias di Indonesia. Namun, ikan koi sendiri merupakan makhluk hidup yang juga rentan terpapar penyakit, dan penyakit ikan koi dapat menyebabkan kematian jika tidak dilakukan penanganan dengan baik dan benar. Penanganan penyakit ikan pada ikan koi dapan menghindari penularan penyakit yang dapat menyebabkan kematian masal pada satu kawanan. Serta kurangnya pengetahuan, menyebabkan diperlukannya sistem untuk diagnosa penyakit pada ikan koi dibangun dengan Bahasa pemprograman web PHP dan database MySQL. Representasi pengetahuan menggunakan kaidah produksi, proses inferentasi menggunakan forward chaining. Para pemilik ikan koi dapat mendiagnosa penyakit pada ikan koi dan mengetahui cara penanganan penyakit dengan menjawab pertanyaan-pertanyaan yang diajukan oleh sistem.
Aplikasi APLIKASI E-LEARNING BERBASIS WEB DENGAN METODE WATERFALL STUDI KASUS : SMA 1 NAGRAK
Authors: Valiant Lucky , Asriyanik  , Mohamad Ridwan
Published: February 2024

SMAN 1 Nagrak merupakan sekolah menengah atas yang berada diprovinsi Jawa Barat khususnya Kabupaten Sukabumi. Pada masa pandemi seperti saat ini, kegiatan belajar mengajar mewajibkan dilakukan secara daring. Hal dikarenakan sebagai upaya mencegah penyebaran virus covid-19 dalam bidang pendidikan. Hal ini tentunya menjadi hambatan proses pembelajaran, oleh karena itu dibutuhkannya suatu media pembelajaran e-learning untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut. Dalam rangka  memenuhi pembelajaran e-learning khususnya di SMAN 1 Nagrak, penulis mengenakan metode waterfall yang merupakan model pengembangan rekayasa perangkat lunak. Dalam penelitian ini, menghasilkan sebuah aplikasi e-learning bebasis web sebagai penunjang saran pembelajaran secara online. Dengan adanya aplikasi e-learning ini diharapkan proses pembelajaran  dapat berjalan dengan baik serta memudahkan guru untuk memberikan materi pembelajaran, latihan soal-soal ujian dan pengumpulkan tugas terhadap siswa dalam pandemi ini.
Diagnosa Penyakit Pada Ikan Nila dengan Forward Chaining Berbasis Website
Authors: Menarianti Ika , Akbar Haqqul Jihad  , Sudargo
Published: February 2024

Ikan nila adalah ikan jenis air tawar yang popular di Indonesia. Memiliki kandungan protein 3 kali lebih banyak dibandiang ayam atau sapi. Ikan nila dapat dibudidayakan dengan mudah, karena ikan nila dapat bertahan hidup dan beradaptasi dengan lingkungan baru dengan baik. Sayangnya, jika perawatannya kurang benar ikan dapat terserang hama dan penyakit. Pengecekan berkala yang dilakukan oleh UPT BBI masih kurang efektif mengatasi masalah tersebut mengingat ikan dapat terserang hama dan penyakit sewaktu-waktu. Sehingga dibutuhkan sebuah system berbasis website untuk melakukan diagnose penyakit ikan nila untuk mengatasinya. Forward Chaining digunakan sebagai metode sistem pendukung keputusan yang cara kerjanya mencari fakta dari faktor pendukung untuk menuju suatu kesimpulan. Faktor pendukung berupa data pertanyaan, data hasil kesimpulan, data pencegahan, data pengobatandan  data fakta/ciri penyakit yang dibuat dalam alur aturan system untuk kesimpulan diagnosa. Pengujian black box, validasi ahli media, validasi akurasi oleh pakar dan respon pengguna dilakukan untuk mengetahui apakah sistem diagnosa ikan nila ini layak digunakan
Rancang Bangun Sistem Informasi Pengelolaan Arsip Dokumen Berbasis WEB pada PT. BPRS Amanah Insan Cita
Authors: Julianti Miranda , Aulia M. Arif , Rifki Muhammad Ikhsan
Published: February 2024

Sistem informasi berbasis  web adalah kombinasi dari teknologi informasi berdasarkan suatu situs pada jaringan internet yang dilengkapi dengan  fitur-fitur  dan  didesain  sedemikian  rupa sesuai    kebutuhan  pada  penginputan  suatu  data tertentu   bertujuan   untuk   mempermudah   dan mempercepat    data    yang    diolah    meskipun pengguna  tersebut  merupakan  pemula. Perusahaan memanfaatkan perkembangan teknologi internet dan sistem Informasi yang berkembang pesat saat ini. PT. BPRS Amanah Insan Cita adalah lembaga keuangan yang kegiatannya menghimpun dana, menyediakan pembiayaan dan penempatan dana kepada masyarakat Indonesia khususnya masyarakat kota medan dan sekitarnya berdasarkan prinsip syariah dan bagi hasil yang telah disepakati kedua belah pihak baik nasabah maupun bank. Metode yang diterapkan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode waterfall yang merupakan sebuah model metode penelitian sistematis dan sequence yang layak diterapkan dalam melakukan penelitian ini karena metode ini menyajikan tahap demi tahap yang sangat sesuai dengan keadaan di lapangan. Dengan adanya sistem informasi ini, maka dapat memberikan informasi yang tepat dan cepat terkait data arsip dokumen pada PT BPRS Amanah Insan Cita.
PENERAPAN METODE STATISTICAL QUALITY CONTROL (SQC) DALAM PENGENDALIAN PROSES PRODUKSI RODA KARET PADA PERUSAHAAN BAJA MAKMUR 2
Authors: Dimas Ihza Mahendra  , Pramudya Ramadhan  , Suseno
Published: February 2024

Baja Makmur 2 merupakan perusahaan yang bergerak dalam bidang pengolahan besi yang dileburkan menjadi berbagai produk seperti decks drain, saringan air, pemberat lift, pemberat fork lift, kursi taman, roda karet dan sebagainya, beroperasi di Desa Doyo Baru, Kelurahan Ngawonggo, Kecamatan Ceper, Kabupaten Klaten, Provinsi Jawa Tengah. Proses pembuatan produk harus sesuai dengan standar kualitas yang telah ditetapkan oleh pihak perusahaan, namun fakta di lapangan pada proses pembuatan produk roda karet masih terdapat banyak produk yang mengalami kecacatan. Berdasarkan permasalahan yang telah diuraikan, maka pada penelitian ini akan dilakukan analisis Statistical Quality Control (SQC). Untuk metode pengumpulan data yang dilakukan adalah wawancara, observasi, dan laporan produksi, hasil dari pengumpulan data diketahui bahwa ada 3 jenis cacat yang terjadi yaitu salah alir, keropos, dan retak. Metode Statistical Quality Control (SQC) menggunakan 5 alat pengendalian kualitas yaitu check sheet, histogram, diagram pareto, diagram kendali dan diagram sebab akibat. Hasil dari diagram pareto menunjukan jenis cacat yang paling dominan adalah cacat keropos dengan persentase 39%. Berdasarkan diagram sebab akibat cacat produk roda karet disebabkan oleh pekerja kurag terampil, bahan baku buruk, dan terdapat klelet pada saat proses penuangan. Rekomendasi perbaikan produk roda karet di Baja Makmur 2 dari hasil analisis menggunakan metode Statistical Quality Control (SQC) yaitu melakukan pelatihan pada para pekerja, melakukan pemilihan bahan baku, dan membersihkan klelet pada saat proses penuangan.
PERANCANGAN SISTEM PELAPORAN KEGIATAN PERJALANAN DINAS ANGGOTA DPRD SUMATERA UTARA MENGGUNAKAN METODE PROTOTYPE
Authors: Hussein Almanna , Darmawan Dwiky
Published: February 2024

Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Daerah (DPRD) sebagai lembaga legislatif, bertanggung jawab dalam menghimpun aspirasi rakyat dan menyusun peraturan di tingkat daerah. Meskipun DPRD Sumatera Utara memiliki perangkat hukum yang lengkap, Kantor DPRD tersebut masih mengadopsi sistem manual yang rumit, terutama dalam pelaporan dan pengarsipan kegiatan perjalanan dinas. Proses pelaporan perjalanan dinas dilakukan secara tatap muka, menyebabkan keterlambatan dan ketidakefektifan laporan, terutama karena sebagian besar perjalanan dinas dilakukan di luar kota. Pentingnya sistem perjalanan dinas terkomputerisasi, terutama terkait dengan laporan keuangan dan penggunaan uang negara, mendorong perlunya manajemen laporan perjalanan dinas yang efisien di DPRD Sumatera Utara. Implementasi sistem online memungkinkan anggota DPRD untuk melaporkan kegiatan perjalanan dinas secara langsung dan cepat kepada bagian penerimaan laporan, tanpa menunggu kembalinya dari dinas luar. Kecepatan dan kemudahan dalam pelaporan online di Kantor DPRD Sumatera Utara diharapkan dapat mempercepat proses kerja dan meningkatkan efektivitas laporan perjalanan dinas. Dengan sistem terkomputerisasi, data yang dihasilkan akan lebih efisien dan aman tersimpan dalam aplikasi, memberikan manfaat yang signifikan pada tataran operasional dan administratif di DPRD Sumatera Utara.
Monitoring dan Otomasi Sistem Parkir Berbasis Arduino
Authors: Nuris Dwi Setiawan  , Arie Atwa Magriyanti
Published: February 2024

Peningkatan mobilitas kendaraan di perkotaan seringkali mengakibatkan kesulitan dalam mencari lokasi parkir yang tersedia. PT. ARISA MANDIRI PRATAMA (ARISA) sebagai sebuah perusahaan dengan jumlah karyawan yang besar, menghadapi tantangan serupa di mana karyawan mereka harus menghabiskan banyak waktu untuk mencari lokasi parkir yang masih kosong, yang pada akhirnya dapat mengganggu produktivitas dan kenyamanan kerja. Oleh karena itu, tugas akhir ini bertujuan untuk merancang, mengembangkan, dan mengimplementasikan alat informasi slot parkir otomatis menggunakan Arduino Uno dan sensor inframerah guna mengatasi masalah tersebut. Alat ini akan memanfaatkan teknologi sensor inframerah untuk mendeteksi ketersediaan slot parkir secara real-time. Sensor Inframerah akan ditempatkan pada pintu masuk dan pintu keluar yang akan mengirimkan informasi ke Arduino Uno ketika kendaraan memasuki atau meninggalkan slot tersebut. Informasi ini akan ditampilkan pada layar LCD, dengan bantuan alat ini, karyawan dapat dengan mudah mengetahui slot parkir yang masih kosong, menghindari pemborosan waktu, dan meningkatkan efisiensi dalam mencari lokasi parkir.
Intensified upwelling: normalized sea surface temperature trends expose climate change in coastal areas
Authors: Gutierrez-Guerra Miguel Angel , Perez-Hernandez Maria Dolores , Velez-Belchi Pedro
Published: February 2024

Abstract. The Eastern Boundary Upwelling Systems (EBUSs) provide valuable natural resources due to their high primary production. However, there is significant uncertainty in how climate change may affect the mechanisms that sustain these ecosystems in the future. Therefore, assessing the effects of climate change on the EBUS under the current global warming scenario is crucial for efficient ecosystem management. In 1990, Andrew Bakun suggested an increase in the upwelling intensity due to the rise of the ocean-land pressure gradient. Since there is a significant link between thermal gradients and offshore Ekman transport, we use deseasonalized sea surface temperature (SST) data from remote sensing to elucidate this hypothesis and validate it using in-situ observations. SST is an indicator of coastal upwelling, and our long-term analysis of monthly and deseasonalized SST records shows that the seasonal and synoptic processes have minimal influence on the SST-upwelling intensity relationship. Upwelling within the same EBUS is not usually evenly distributed along coastlines, leading to upwelling in specific regions, upwelling centers. We compare the SST trends in the main upwelling centers of the four EBUS with those in open ocean waters through a new index, αUI, designed to characterize upwelling changes in the EBUSs. An adimensional number allows us to normalize the trends independently of the upwelling system and compare all of them. This new index indicates intensification in all the EBUS, revealing a coherent pattern within EBUS in the same ocean (i.e., Canarian and Benguela or Californian and Humboldt Upwelling Systems).
Multivariate adjustment of drizzle bias using machine learning in European climate projections
Authors: Lazoglou Georgia , Economou Theo , Anagnostopoulou Christina , Zittis George , Tzyrkalli Anna , Georgiades Pantelis , Lelieveld Jos
Published: February 2024

Abstract. Precipitation holds significant importance as a climate parameter in various applications, including studies on the impacts of climate change. However, its simulation or projection accuracy is low, primarily due to its high stochasticity. Specifically, climate models often overestimate the frequency of light rainy days while simultaneously underestimating the total amounts of extreme observed precipitation. This phenomenon, known as 'drizzle bias,' specifically refers to the model's tendency to overestimate the occurrence of light precipitation events. Consequently, even though the overall precipitation totals are generally well-represented, there is often a significant bias in the number of rainy days. The present study aims to minimize the "drizzle bias" in model output by developing and applying two statistical approaches. In the first approach, the number of rainy days is adjusted based on the assumption that the relationship between observed and simulated rainy days remains the same in time (thresholding). In the second, a machine learning method (Random Forests or RF) is used for the development of a statistical model that describes the relationship between several climate (modelled) variables and the observed number of wet days. The results demonstrate that employing a multivariate approach yields results that are comparable to the conventional thresholding approach when correcting sub-periods with similar climate characteristics. However, the importance of utilizing RF becomes evident when addressing periods exhibiting extreme events, marked by a significantly distinct frequency of rainy days. These disparities are particularly pronounced when considering higher temporal resolutions. Both methods are illustrated on data from three EURO-CORDEX climate models. The two approaches are trained during a calibration period and they are applied for the selected evaluation period.
A field-based thickness measurement dataset of fallout pyroclastic deposits in the peri-volcanic areas of Campania region (Italy): Statistical combination of different predictions for spatial thickness estimation
Authors: Ebrahimi Pooria , Matano Fabio , Amato Vincenzo , Mattera Raffaele , Scepi Germana
Published: February 2024

Abstract. Determining spatial thickness (z) of fallout pyroclastic deposits plays a key role in volcanological studies and shedding light on geomorphological and hydrogeological processes. However, this is a challenging line of research because: (1) field-based measurements are expensive and time-consuming; (2) the ash might have been dispersed in the atmosphere by several volcanic eruptions; and (3) wind characteristics during an eruptive event and soil-forming/denudation processes after ash deposition on the ground surface affect the expected spatial distribution of the fallout pyroclastic deposits. This article tries to bridge this knowledge gap by applying statistical techniques for making representative predictions. First, we compiled a field-based thickness measurement dataset (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8399487; Matano et al., 2023) of fallout pyroclastic deposits in several municipalities of Campania region, southern Italy. Second, 18 predictor variables were derived mainly from digital elevation models and satellite imageries and assigned to each measurement point. Third, the stepwise regression (STPW) model and random forest (RF) machine learning technique are used for thickness modeling. Fourth, the estimations are compared with those of three models that already exist in the literature. Finally, the statistical combination of different predictions is implemented to develop a less biased model for estimating pyroclastic thickness. The results show that prediction accuracy of RF (RMSE < 82.46 and MAE < 48.36) is better than that existing literature models. Moreover, statistical combination of the predictions obtained from the above-mentioned models through Least Absolute Deviation (LAD) combination approach leads to the most representative thickness estimation (MAE < 45.12) in the study area. The maps for the values estimated by RF and LAD (as the best single model and combination approach, respectively) illustrate that the spatial patterns did not alter significantly, but the estimations by LAD are smaller. This combined approach can help in estimating thickness of fallout pyroclastic deposits in other volcanic regions and in managing geohazards in areas covered with loose pyroclastic materials.
Abstracts of Significant Cases Bearing on the Regulation of Insurance
Authors: Myers Olivea
Published: February 2024

Review of significant court cases of interest in 2023 concerning insurance regulation.
La evolución histórica de la construcción de la lengua inglesa como capital en los dispositivos para la formación inicial de profesores de inglés como lengua extranjera en la provincia de Buenos Aires, desde 1999 a la actualidad
Authors: Gabriela Andrea Llaneza
Published: February 2024

En diferentes momentos históricos las ideologías se plasman en las leyes, normas y discursos en torno a la educación pública. En el caso de las políticas respecto a la enseñanza de lenguas extranjeras en nuestro país existe un cruce entre las políticas educativas y las políticas lingüísticas que participan en la creación de dispositivos para la formación docente, y ponen de manifiesto las ideologías lingüísticas y las concepciones de la lengua extranjera como capital a las que el estado adhiere, legitima o intenta perpetuar. En este trabajo se analiza cómo tales ideologías y concepciones de la lengua extranjera como capital se manifiestan en los diseños curriculares para la formación de docentes de inglés como lengua extranjera en la provincia de Buenos Aires, dando cuenta de las preocupaciones políticas de tres momentos históricos. Desde el enfoque del análisis crítico del discurso propuesto por Jäger, se analizan los ‘dispositivos discursivos’ explorando su contexto social y legal, la selección de materias, distribución de la carga horaria, jerarquización de contenidos, metodologías de enseñanza, materiales sugeridos y perfiles docentes para identificar las dimensiones ideológicas en las que se sustentan los diseños curriculares provinciales. El análisis da cuenta de cómo las políticas lingüísticas-educativas han mutado y cómo tales transformaciones en las ideologías lingüísticas y concepción de la lengua extranjera como capital se plasman en los dispositivos para la formación inicial de docentes de inglés como lengua extranjera para el nivel primario y secundario dentro de los institutos de formación docente de la provincia de Buenos Aires, y cómo a su vez estas transformaciones impactan en el perfil docente para adaptarlo al rol que se supone que el idioma extranjero cumpla en la educación primaria, secundaria y la sociedad
Effect of composite resin monomer BisGMA on odontogenic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells
Authors:   Department of Endodontics,Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Kunming Medical University,650031Kunming,China, yu Gong
Published: February 2024

To study the effect of composite resin monomer BisGMA on human dental pulp stem cell (hDPSCs) odontoblasts differentiation, and explore the effect of composite resin filling teeth on dentin formation.
Reliability Improvement in the Traction System of Tanzania Standard Gauge Railway
Authors: KATUGA YUSUFU , Kivugo Ramadhani , Chombo Pius
Published: February 2024

In recent years, many African governments have been developing Standard Gauge Railway (SGR) to replace the old after becoming absolute, inefficient Meter Gauge System (MGR) to carry more loads at high mileage and speed while combating the oil and environmental crises. With the increase of SGR, the amount of traction systems has grown sharply, the service life of the traction system has increased gradually, and the components of the vehicle traction system have become worn and aged as a result. While Tanzania is transitioning to SGR with its gradually increasing traction systems, reliability improvement becomes a key for the sustainability of its high-speed train services. This paper, therefore, aims to improve the reliability of traction motors used in Tanzania’s SGR. Firstly, the factors affecting the reliability of the traction system of Tanzania’s SGR and their significance are evaluated. Secondly, the computerized maintenance management system (CMMS) is designed to streamline and automate the maintenance management processes of the traction system of Tanzania’s SGR. Finally, a regression model is established to forecast the uptime based on the established factors. The obtained uptime hours were predicted in order to compute the reliability of the traction motor and its criticality in operation. Critical factors for improving reliability have also been highlighted. These findings play vital roles in establishing the fundamentals of factors that affect reliability as well as strategies and countermeasures to extend the operational life of the traction motors cost-effectively.
Augmented Finite Control Set MPC Design Technique for Wide Speed Range Control of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Drives
Authors: Pilla Patrick , Mwasilu Francis , Matee Emanuel
Published: February 2024

The effective motion control task is highly influencing the final drive performance in wide-range motor drives applications such as electric vehicles (EVs), washing machines, compressors, elevators and lathe machines. Recently, permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drive has been widely employed in these applications to achieve desired performances such as high efficiency, high torque requirements with minimum size “occupancy”. The PMSM drive features combining with these modern drive applications are highly nonlinear and the desired operation requirements demand high-performance control schemes with fast system response and robustness features. Linear control schemes are usually implemented to drive the PMSM that entail trade-offs between drive performance and simplicity in control implementation. Therefore, this paper presents the nonlinear control technique based on augmented finite control set (AFCS) model predictive control (MPC) scheme (AFCS-MPC). The proposed AFCS-MPC scheme enhances the standard MPC design by augmenting the nonlinear characteristics of the PMSM drive to achieve wide speed range drive performance under both steady-state and dynamic operating conditions. Comparative performance studies have been conducted and presented to confirm the efficacy of the proposed scheme.
Assessing the Performance of Jatropha Curcas and Moringa oleifera Conditioners Towards Improving Fecal Sludge Treatment for Agricultural Purpose
Authors: Benjamin Doglas Mmasi , Kimwaga Richard
Published: February 2024

Moringa oleifera (MO) and Jatropha Curcas (JC) conditioners have been proposed as alternative solutions to replace chemical conditioners for fecal sludge (FS) treatment. However, their effectiveness in treating FS for safe agricultural use has not been thoroughly evaluated. The aim of this study was to assess the suitability of FS treated with Moringa oleifera and Jatropha Curcas conditioners for agricultural use. Physicochemical parameters Indexes, salinity and sodium hazard levels (Wilcox Diagram analysis), and removal efficiency of nutrients and pathogens were evaluated. Qualitative experiments were conducted using dewatering treatment chambers containing untreated control FS samples, FS treated with Moringa oleifera and Jatropha Curcas conditioners at the University of Dar es Salaam Water Laboratory.
The Influence of Tax Service Quality on Presumptive Taxpayers’ Compliance in Tanzania: A Case of Ilala Tax Region
Authors: E. N. Heriel , J. S. Vaishali
Published: February 2024

This study was conducted to examine the influence of tax service quality on presumptive taxpayers’ compliance in Tanzania: a case of Ilala Tax Region. The study was guided by three specific objectives as indicated by independent variables namely Tax Service Reliability, Tax Service Responsiveness and Tax Service Tangibility. The study adopted a positivist philosophy, employed a deductive approach, and utilized survey strategy. The study was conducted in Ilala Municipal with a sample of 384 respondents. Probability sampling procedure was applied through simple random sampling technique. The study used both primary and secondary data. Primary data was collected through questionnaires. Peer reviewed journal articles relevant for the subject matter, national tax and trade statistics reports from Tanzania Revenue Authority (TRA) and National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) were reviewed for secondary data. Data was analyzed using the OLS regression model. This study has found that Tax Service Reliability and responsiveness has no significant influence on presumptive tax payer’s compliance in Ilala Tax Region. Also the study revealed Tax Service Tangibility to have a significant positive influence on presumptive taxpayers’ compliance in the Ilala tax region. From the results, this study recommends Tanzania Revenue Authority (TRA) to focus on enhancing the perceived reliability of their tax services, including measures to ensure consistent interpretation and application of tax regulations, improving the accuracy of tax assessments, expediting the issuance of tax-related documents, enhancing the transparency of tax procedures and policies, and maintaining reliable online tax filing systems. Additionally, they should prioritize improving responsiveness to taxpayers’ needs by enhancing the promptness of addressing inquiries and concerns, making tax authority representatives more accessible through various communication channels, offering comprehensive assistance and guidance, and ensuring clarity in tax-related communication materials to enhance taxpayers’ understanding and compliance.
Development of Emulgel product from Standardized Dengen Steam Bark Extract (Dillenia serrata)
Authors: Sinala Santi , Ibrahim Ismail , Rosmala Dewi Sisilia Teresia , Arisanty Arisanty
Published: February 2024

One of the endemic plants of the island of Sulawesi, Indonesia is the Dengen plant (Dillenia serrata). One part of this plant that is claimed by the public as a treatment for vomiting blood is the bark because the stem bark contains polyphenolic compounds which are efficacious as antioxidants and sunscreens. Based on the results of the study, Dengen stem bark extract (EKBD) has been standardized and in accordance the requirements so that the extract can be formulated in pharmaceutical dosage forms, one of which is a cosmetic preparation in the form of an emulgel. This study aims to see the effect of the addition of EKBD on the physical quality of emulgel preparations and to obtain a stable emulgel product containing standardized EKBD with an accelerated storage process using variations of the gelling agent, namely carbopol 940 and CMC sodium. There are two base variations, namely the Carbopol base with a concentration of 0.25%, 0.5%, 1% with the addition of 1:1 TEA; and CMC sodium base with concentrations of 1%, 2% and 3%. Furthermore, the base and extract are combined until homogeneous. Tests include organoleptic test, pH test, viscosity test, spread ability test, adhesion test and emulsion type test. In organoleptic testing, F1 of both bases showed inhomogeneity and watery texture. In the pH test, both bases F3 did not meet the skin pH requirements. In the viscosity test, F1 on both bases was significantly different before and after storage (p<0.05). In the spread ability test, statistically, all formulas F1, F2 and F3 on both bases showed a value of p>0.05, which means there was no significant difference in the spreadability values before storage and after accelerated storage. In the adhesion test, F3 on the Carbopol base showed a significant difference (p<0.05). In the emulsion type test, both basic formulas had a oil-in-water (O/W) emulsion type. Based on the results of data analysis, the addition of EKBD affected the pH and viscosity of the EKBD emulgel and the formula that met the requirements was formula F2 based on CMC sodium, is a concentration of 2%.
In vitro Screening of 5-LOX /COX-2 Dual Inhibitors from selected Medicinal plant Maytenus arbutifolia
Authors: Weletnsae Tesfay , Tadege Tekleweyni , Hintsa Kidu , Hagos Zenebe , Syam Babu Davuluri , Dogulas Palleti John , Rajan Bhagyasri Godavarthi , Rai Sudhish , Chaithanya K Krishna
Published: February 2024

Background: The clinical management of the inflammatory diseases by using NSAIDs and selective COX-2 inhibitors, shunting arachidonic acid pathway to the 5‐LOX pathway, which is associated with the production of high amount of Leukotrienes and cysteinyl-leukotrienes, which are involved in pathophysiological of various type of cancers and inflammatory diseases. The substantial efforts are being made to the development of dual inhibitors against Cyclooxygenase (COX-2) and 5- Lipoxygenase (5-LOX) should be more growing demand for efficient as anti-inflammatory medicine with lower side effects than the currently available drugs. Maytenus arbutifolia (M. arbutifolia) is medicinal plant belongs to the family Celastraceae, and the leaves of M.arbutifolia have been used for the treatment of skin infections and inflammatory related disease. Objective: The current study aimed to examine the in vitro screening of M. arbutifolia leaf organic extracts for the development of anti-inflammatory agents through evaluate the inhibitory effect on Cyclooxygenase- 1and2 and 5- Lipoxygenases enzymes. Methods: The powdered dried leaves of the M. arbutifolia (100 g) was extracted with successive Soxhlet extraction by using solvents of low polarity (Petroleum ether) to a high polar solvent (Ethanol). These leaf extracts were evaluated for the in vitro anti-inflammatory activity by 5- Lipooxygenase, Cyclooxygenase-1 and Cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitory activities by ELISA method. Results: Among the tested extracts, the ethanolic leaf extracts of M.arbutifolia showed (MALET) potential 5-LOX inhibition i.e.77.58 % at 100µg/ml with IC50 of 23.76µg/ml, and also exhibited two fold COX-2 versus COX-1 inhibition, with potent COX-2 inhibitory effect with IC50 of 30.35μg/ml. The promising anti-inflammatory activity exhibited by MALET was due to the presence of secondary metabolites such as flavonoids, tannins and polyphenolic compounds. Conclusion: The current study concluded that ethanolic leaf extracts of M.arbutifolia is a promising source for isolation of 5-LOX and COX-2 dual inhibitory compound and highlights the potential traditional remedies for managing of inflammatory related diseases and cancers.
Unraveling the Materiality Analysis of the Brazilian Health Industry Players: Proposal of a Reference Table
Authors: Yuh Ching Hong
Published: February 2024

The current study proposes a practical and structured approach for performing materiality analysis that results in a reference table with 8 dimensions and 13 material topics. The models of SASB Standards and Sustainable Development Goals as well as requirements of the health industry key players were used as references for this reference table. The key players were divided into producers, intermediaries, and providers besides the regulatory agency. This reference model takes into account a breakdown of the dimensions and topics that are transversal to all groups of players and classifies those that have an impact and are relevant under each group of players. In unraveling the materiality analysis of Brazilian health industry players, it becomes evident that success in this competitive landscape requires a holistic understanding of factors influencing decision-making. The contribution of this article is to delve into the intricate details of the materiality analysis, shedding light on its significance and impact within the Brazilian health industry.
Evaluation of heavy metal (As, Hg, Zn, Cu and Se) levels in wild birds of prey and aquatic habitats
Authors: Garip Zozan , Ektiren Reşat , Temamoğulları Füsun , Karakaş Anıl
Published: February 2024

Birds are used as bioindicators to determine the negative effects of environmental pollution on human, animal, and environmental health. Among the terrestrial bird species in the study are: the common buzzard (Buteo buteo); black kite (Milvus migrans), common kestrel (Falco tinnunculus); among the aquatic bird species, marsh harrier (Circus aeruginosus), white stork (Ciconia ciconia), gray heron (Ardea cinerea) were used. Heavy metals As, Hg, Zn, Cu, and Se were analysed in blood samples by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP–MS). In the study, Hg and Se concentrations were generally higher and As concentrations were generally lower than those reported in the literature. In black kites, which are vulnerable to environmental contamination and pollution has serious effects on population numbers, it was observed that heavy metals other than As metal were generally higher than the values determined in the studies. Pollutants in nature need to be evaluated by taking into account species–specific differences, age, gender, habitats, migration periods, biomass and feeding habits.
Ocena dostępności informacji oraz trudności przy aplikowaniu o dopłaty bezpośrednie
Authors: Czubak Wawrzyniec
Published: February 2024

Najważniejszą formą wsparcia działalności rolniczej po wejściu Polski do UE są dopłaty bezpośrednie. Celem pracy było zbadanie trudności, z jakimi spotykają się rolnicy aplikujący o dopłaty bezpośrednie. Dokonano także oceny dostępu do informacji o płatnościach. Wyniki badań wskazują, że dla rolników najłatwiejsza do zdobycia była informacja o tym, gdzie i w jakim terminie złożyć wniosek o płatności, natomiast część beneficjentów miała trudności ze zdobyciem aktualnej wiedzy o przygotowaniu formularza wniosku. W ocenie trudności z wypełnieniem dokumentacji w większości rolnicy uznali niezbędne czynności za łatwe i bardzo łatwe. Relatywnie najtrudniejszy był pomiar działek ewidencyjnych i rolnych. Mimo łatwości aplikowania w opinii rolników dopłaty bezpośrednie tylko nieznacznie przyczynią się do poprawy funkcjonowania gospodarstw.
Wspomnienie o doc. dr hab. Marku Muszyńskim
Authors: Wilkin Jerzy
Published: February 2024

Wspomnienie o doc. dr hab. Marku Muszyńskim.
Przemiany demograficzne a rozwój kapitału ludzkiego na obszarach wiejskich
Authors: Zdrojewski Eugeniusz
Published: February 2024

Obszary wiejskie zamieszkuje blisko 39% ogólnej liczby ludności Polski. Ze względu na strukturę wieku i korzystne współczynniki reprodukcji, zasoby demograficzne wsi stanowią liczący się kapitał ludzki. Należy dołożyć wszelkich starań, aby został on jak najlepiej wykorzystany. Głównym kierunkiem aktywizacji powinien być wielofunkcyjny rozwój obszarów wiejskich.
Struktury kierowania agrobiznesem w Polsce. Teoria, analiza, tendencje
Authors: Kowalczyk Stanisław
Published: February 2024

Struktury kierowania agrobiznesem w Polsce. Teoria, analiza, tendencje.
Kontrasty migracyjne Polski, czyli Max Weber miał rację
Authors: Bukraba-Rylska Izabella
Published: February 2024

Kontrasty migracyjne Polski, czyli Max Weber miał rację.
Profesor Dyzma Gałaj – twórca i założyciel kwartalnika „Wieś i Rolnictwo”
Authors: Kłodziński Marek
Published: February 2024

Profesor Dyzma Gałaj – twórca i założyciel kwartalnika „Wieś i Rolnictwo”.
「生不如死」能「起死回生」嗎？臺灣地區各縣市生產補貼政策對生育率之影響
Authors: 許義忠 許義忠 , Yi-Chung Hsu 鄭守夏
Published: February 2024

「生不如死」能「起死回生」嗎？面對生育率愈來愈低的趨勢下，臺灣地區各縣市紛紛祭出許多有關生產前與生產後的生育補貼政策。本文首先彙整有關影響生育率的決定因子，包括經濟因素、人口因素與環境因素，並建構生育率決定因子模型，同時在經濟因素中加入房價所得比，藉以觀察近年來房價高漲的問題對生育率所造成的影響效果，並透過迴歸分析找出重要的顯著影響因子。其次，透過差異中之差異法針對近年來各縣市政府為了提高生育率所推出的各項生產補貼政策進一步驗證，實證結果指出在不考慮龍虎年效應時，新北市的「婚後孕前健檢」有效，而在固定效果模型中，臺中市的「婚後孕前健檢」與「到宅坐月子服務」亦為有效，除此之外，各縣市的其它政策幾乎對總生育率的變動率無法有效提高。此外，經濟因素中的失業率與房價所得比以及人口因素中的女性勞動力參與率愈高，則生育率的成長率將愈低；而人口因素中的粗結婚率則具有正向影響效果。

 

Can “Worse than death” become “Back from the dead?” Faced with the trend of declining birth rates, several countries and cities in Taiwan have introduced numerous policies related to pre- and postnatal subsidies. This article initially consolidates factors influencing birth rates, encompassing economic, demographic, and environmental aspects. It constructs a model of birth rate determinants, integrating the housing-to-income ratio as part of the economic factors. This study aimed to observe the impact of the recent surge in housing prices on birth rates and identify significant influencing factors through regression analysis.

Furthermore, utilizing the difference-in-difference method, this study validates the effectiveness of various pro-natal subsidy policies implemented by local governments in recent years to enhance birth rates. Empirical results indicate that, without considering the effects of specific years, the “Pre-pregnancy Health Checkup” policy in New Taipei City is effective. In fixed-effects models, the “Pre-pregnancy Health Checkup” and “At-home Postpartum Care Service” policies in Taichung City were also found to be effective. However, almost all other policies implemented by different countries and cities have shown limited effectiveness in increasing the overall fertility rate.

Moreover, higher rates of female labor force participation in demographic factors, along with higher unemployment rates and housing-to-income ratios in economic factors, are associated with lower birth rate growth. Nevertheless, the crude marriage rate in terms of demographic factors, positively impacts birth rates.

 
Third Party Assurance: Need More Attention on SOC Reports
Authors: Ju-Chun Yen Ju-Chun Yen , Ju-Chun Yen Tawei ( David ) Wang
Published: February 2024

According to a Deloitte survey in 2022 , 76 percent of respondents had their IT services delivered through third party models, and more than 90 percent of the respondents will rely on third-party service providers for data analytics and robotic process automation deployment arrangements. However, as these organizations (called user entities) can not directly monitor the service providers’ controls over the outsourced systems that may influence user entities’ business operations and financial reports, whether these service providers establish suitable and effective controls to ensure the data confidentiality and privacy, system integrity, availability becomes an important issue for user entities.
Machine Learning Improves Environmental Sustainability: A Teaching Case of Prediction about Scrapping Inventory
Authors: Shi-Ming Huang Shi-Ming Huang , Shi-Ming Huang Yung-Yao Liu
Published: February 2024

As technology evolves and society changes, accounting and auditing students must develop diverse skills, including technical proficiency and critical thinking. Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) concerns are increasingly important, driving nations and corporations to take action. Investors prioritize ESG criteria, while consumers prefer eco-friendly products and services. Preventing Greenwashing is important for future auditors. This teaching case high lights the role of accountants in managing E-waste under the Environmental pillar of ESG. Students explore new technologies like Computer Assisted Audit Techniques (CAATs) through hands-on exercises to address these challenges.
Commentary on COP28: The "Beginning of The End" of The Fossil Fuel Era
Authors: Ezz Hattab Ezz Hattab
Published: February 2024

We are thrilled to announce ZeeDimension, ICEA Middle East Chapter, is actively participating in COP28. It is honored to be part of COP28 in the UAE, and we are dedicated to contributing to global efforts for a more sustainable and climate-resilient future. Together, we can make a difference. The closing of the United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP28) marked a significant milestone, as the international community reached an agreement signaling the beginning of the end of the fossil fuel era. The conference, held in Dubai, witnessed nearly 200 Parties coming together with a shared commitment to a swift, just, and equitable transition, characterized by profound emissions reductions and increased financial support.
Borrowed Feathers: The Spurious Older Scots Ending to Chaucer’s Parliament of Fowls in Bodleian Library MS Arch. Selden. B. 24
Authors: Purdie Rhiannon
Published: February 2024

Oxford, Bodleian Library MS Arch. Selden. B. 24 has attracted attention in recent years for the witness it bears to the reception of Chaucer in late medieval Scotland. Its most striking example is the spurious seventy-nine-line ending attached to the Parliament of Fowls, edited afresh for this article. This article teases apart the work of the spurious ending’s author from that of the Selden copyist and investigates how, when, and why this peculiar Scottish rewriting of the end of Chaucer’s Parliament came about. That the spurious ending is indeed a Scottish composition is demonstrated through its linguistic features and sly allusions to two fifteenth-century Scots poems, Henryson’s “The Cock and the Fox” and Richard Holland’s Buke of the Howlat. These, in combination with textual and codicological details explored here, suggest strongly that this ending was written in conscious defiance, rather than ignorance, of Chaucer’s conclusion to the Parliament.
The Sinclair Women and Oxford, Bodleian Library MS Arch. Selden. B. 24
Authors: Critten Rory G.
Published: February 2024

This article develops the suggestions of previous commentators that Elizabeth, Jean, and Margaret Sinclair read Oxford, Bodleian Library MS Arch. Selden. B. 24 and/or oversaw its second scribe’s work. It does not advance new proofs in demonstration of these eventualities. Instead, it seeks to establish the place of the Sinclair women in the first audience of the codex and to explore the literary-critical implications of the book’s reception in their orbit. This approach facilitates fresh readings of the topic of advocacy in the second scribe’s texts—the Letter of Cupid, the Lay of Sorrow, the Lufaris Complaynt, and the Quare of Jelusy. Who, these poems seem to ask, can speak for women? The depiction of marriage in the Kingis Quair—for which the second scribe supplies a 140-line conclusion—is also considered. The argument closes with reflections on speculation, book history, and the interest of reception studies for readers of late medieval literature.
Clinical Differences in Dogs with Enterococcal Bacteriuria Compared with Other Bacteriuria: A Retrospective, Case-Control Study
Authors: McClosky Megan , Cole Stephen , Seidel Emily J. , Hess Rebecka S.
Published: February 2024

A retrospective case-control study was performed to determine the clinical differences between dogs with enterococcal bacteriuria (n = 96 cases) and control dogs with any other bacteriuria (n = 288). More dogs with nonenterococcal bacteriuria demonstrated lower urinary tract clinical signs such as hematuria, pollakiuria, and stranguria (40% versus 27%, P = .02). Recessed vulva (odds ratio [OR] 2.5, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.4–4.2, P < .001), hyperadrenocorticism (OR 0.149, 95% CI 0.004–0.066, P = .03), chronic kidney disease (OR 2.29, 95% CI 1.14–4.51, P = .01), and myelopathy (OR 5.77, 95% CI 3.07–10.82, P < .001) were more common in dogs with enterococcal bacteriuria. Enterococcus spp. cases were more likely to have polymicrobial growth than controls (OR 28.52; 95% CI 12.63–69.62, P ≤ .001). Pugs (OR 7.4, 95% CI 2.6–19.9, P < .001), bearded collies (OR 24.3, 95% CI 2.9–205.5, P = .003), and Saint Bernards (OR 17.3, CI 1.9–154.4, P = .01) had increased odds of enterococcal growth compared with mixed-breed dogs. In the control (but not the case) population, there was an association between resolution of clinical signs and administration of antimicrobials (P = .01). The signalment, clinical signs, comorbidities, and response to therapy in dogs with enterococcal bacteriuria are different from dogs with other bacteriuria.
Endoscopic Removal of Gastric Foreign Bodies with a Bottle Liner in 12 Dogs (2020–2023)
Authors: Le Boedec Kevin , Flageollet Julie , Touzet Chloe
Published: February 2024

Endoscopy is widely used to remove gastric foreign bodies using grasping forceps and loop snares to manipulate and retrieve the foreign material. However, as not all foreign bodies can be removed using conventional endoscopic techniques, this case series describes the use of bottle liners for the removal of gastric foreign bodies in 12 dogs between 2020 and 2023. A 4 oz bottle liner (Drop-Ins) was placed at the end of the endoscope and pushed into the stomach. With the help of forceps introduced into the operating channel, the foreign body was pushed into the bottle liner. The bottle liner containing the foreign body was then extracted with the help of traction threads. The technique was used as the initial retrieval method in 5 dogs because of smooth (i.e., difficult to grasp) or sharp (i.e., that may damage the digestive tract mucosa during removal) foreign bodies and as a rescue procedure in 7 dogs. Foreign body retrieval was successful in all 12 dogs, with minor complications reported in 5 dogs (erosions and bleeding of the gastroesophageal sphincter). The use of a bottle liner represents an affordable alternative to gastrotomy when foreign bodies cannot be grasped with forceps or snares.
Thoracic Vertebral Canal Stenosis and Vertebral Instability in a Young Minuet Cat
Authors: Kihara Shuya , Aikawa Takeshi , Miyazaki Yuta , Nishimura Masaaki , Muyama Hiromi
Published: February 2024

This report describes a unique case of thoracic vertebral canal stenosis and vertebral instability in a 1 yr old Minuet cat. The cat presented with a history of chronic progressive nonambulatory paraparesis. Myelography with neutral and stress positions revealed dynamic compression at T1–4. Computed tomography and MRI revealed multiple sites of vertebral endplate osteolysis, adjacent bone sclerosis, intervertebral disk space narrowing, and spondylotic bridging within the cervical and cranial thoracic vertebral bodies and pedicles, particularly at C6–T4. The cat underwent a right-sided T1–4 hemilaminectomy and C7–T4 vertebral stabilization using positively threaded profile pins and polymethylmethacrylate. The cat fully recovered without any complication. The case highlights the potential for young cats, especially those with a chondrodysplastic condition, to develop vertebral canal stenosis and vertebral instability. The surgical treatment described herein resulted in an excellent outcome.
Ultradian and hyperdian rhythms determine the output of transmitters from brain neurons
Authors: Athineos Philippu
Published: February 2024

Using the push-pull superfusion technique for determining the in vivo release the neurotransmitters catecholamines, histamine, GABA and the neuromodulator nitric oxide in distinct brain areas revealed that they are released according to ultradian rhythms with frequencies of 135-36 min per cycle and hyperdian rhythms with frequencies of less than 30 min (24 -10 min) per cycle. The electrical activity of EEG delta and theta waves also varies rhythmically. The pacemaker of the EEG and histamine rhythm is located in the hypothalamus. Simultaneous recordings of EEG and histamine release revealed that high neuronal activity of EEG coincides with low histamine release rates and vice versa. The significance of these rhythms for brain function and modulation of the activity of peripheral organs by the brain is discussed.