bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Endeavour to Survive in Patricia McCormick's Novel Never Fall Down (2012)
Authors: Simarmata Esron , Al-Hafizh Muhd
Published: October 2021

This thesis is the analysis of a novel which written by Patricia McCormick entitled Never Fall Down (2012). It explores the issue of endeavour to survive which reflected by the main character. It is also intended to find out the contribution of fictional devices such as character, plot (conflict), and setting in revealing the issue of endeavour to survive. This analysis is related to the concept of life instinct which developed by Sigmund Freud that is supported by the text-based and context-based interpretation. The result of this analysis shows about the way the main character survive in dealing with any situation in his life by changing his mindset and behaviour.
THE ANXIETY OF AMERICAN MIDDLE CLASS IN PLAY SCRIPT THE HUMANS (2015) BY STEPHEN KARAM
Authors: Padilla Novrianti Sri , Marlina Leni
Published: October 2021

This thesis is the analysis of a play script written by Stephan Karam entitled The Humans (2015). It explores the issue of the Anxiety of American Middle Class reflected by the protagonist Erick Blake as an representation of American middle class. It is also intended to find out the contribution of fictional devices such as character, stage direction and setting in revealing the issue of the Anxiety of American middle class. This analysis is related to the concept of Anxiety which developed by Sigmund Freud (1949) that is supported by the text –based and context-based interpretation. The result of the analysis from the play script The Humans (2015) shows about the anxiety of American middle class that experienced by protagonist can be seen through causes and symptoms of anxiety.
Striving for Survival and Success in play The Flick (2013) by Annie Baker
Authors: Felandri Gina , Anwar Desvalini
Published: October 2021

This thesis is the analysis of a play written by Annie Baker entitled The Flick (2013). It explores the issue of striving for survival and success reflected by the main character. This issue refers to the way the main character deals with all the difficulties and tries to reach a dream in his life. It is also intended to find out the contribution of fictional devices such as character, plot (conflict), and stage direction in revealing the issue of striving for survival and success. This analysis is related to the concept of life instinct which developed by Sigmund Freud and also supported by the text-based and context-based interpretation. The result of this analysis shows about the way the main character persistence in surviving and achieving goals in his life through the efforts of socialization and self-interest exploration made by the character.
Critical Discourse Analysis of Propaganda Created by Mirror.co.uk and Thedailystar.net for Concerning Islamophobia
Authors: Wanda Pahuse , Hamzah Hamzah , Marlina Leni
Published: October 2021

This research investigates the propaganda techniques used by the online news author concerning Islamophobia. This study used lexical choices by Fairlough’s textual analysis and the aim of this study is to identify the words including verb, noun, adverb and the propaganda techniques that used by the news author to describe Islam and Muslims in their news articles. Types of research used in this study are descriptive qualitative research. The results of this study are from mirror.co.uk found that the author used 72 words including verb, noun, and adverb for describing Muslims. Meanwhile, thedailystar.net found that the author used 83 words with negative meaning for describing Islam. From the analysis of the lexical choice, the top frequencies used by the two media are terrorists, extremists, radicals and militants. From the analysis of propaganda techniques, found that both media used name-calling, card stacking, and testimonial propaganda techniques. The two media used name-calling techniques in total 155 words, card stacking in total 31 sentences, and 11 sentences are testimonial propaganda techniques. Both media also used the words which have negative connotation, and images. In such manner, it is proposed that the world of Islam be aware of this false opinion used negative propaganda against Islam and take fitting and convenient measures with the goal that they could present the genuine idea of this holy religion to the world and diminish the quantity of Islamophobic assaults on Muslim people group all through the world.
Ideology Enforcement in Three Poems Chadur and Char-Diwari (2012) by Fahmida Riaz, Gracefully She Approached (2003) by Simin Behbahani, and Daughter of Afghanistan (2005) by Nadia Anjuman
Authors: Pangestu Nurul Refsi , Ningsih Kurnia
Published: October 2021

The purpose of this analysis is to expose the issue of ideology enforcement in poems Chadur and Char-Diwari (CCD) by Fahmida Riaz, Gracefully She Approached (GSA) by Simin Behbahani, and Daughter of Afghanistan (DOA) by Nadia Anjuman. The issue of ideology enforcement refers to the patriarchy system strategies in applying their rules to the women. The problem of this analysis is to find how far these poems expose the issue of the patriarchy system's ideology enforcement. This analysis aims to expose men's rule influence toward the Pakistan, Iran, and Afghanistan women. This analysis uses the contribution of poetic elements; imagery, symbol, and diction in revealing the issue of the patriarchy system's ideology enforcement. The analysis is based on the concept of a feminist by Kate Millet, Naomi Wolf, and Betty Friedan that is supported by the text and context-based interpretation. The result of this analysis is the strategy of the patriarchy system enforcing their ideology toward the women. The men play their authority in the women's role and activity in public. The strategies are applied in two ways; manipulation and indoctrination.
The Analysis of Errors Made by The Third Year Students of English Department in Translating Narrative Text
Authors: Adelia Vioksana Bonita , Rosa Rusdi Noor
Published: October 2021

This study aims at finding out the errors made by the third year English Department students of Universitas Negeri Padang in translating a narrative text from English into bahasa Indonesia. This study used a descriptive method. The data were the translation of the narrative text entitled Snow White done by the third year English Department students of Universitas Negeri Padang. The data were collected using a test and were analyzed using the error analysis. The results of the study indicate semantic error is the error frequently committed by the students in their translation with the frequency of 72 times (59%). Pragmatic error (29%) is the second most frequent error, while morphological error and syntactical error are seldom found in the students’ translation. In conclusion, the errors made by the students are mainly motivated by their tendency to follow the meaning of the dictionary (word for word translation).
Euphemism Used by Pro and Cons Speakers in Trans 7 Show "Mata Najwa"
Authors: Ningsih Novela Zulia , Ardi Havid
Published: October 2021

This research analyzed the euphemism used by pro and cons speakers in Trans 7 Show Mata Najwa by using Warren, forms of euphemism and Leech, types of meaning theories. The researcher used descriptive qualitative research method. The data in this research was the video’s script of Mata Najwa that downloaded from 7 episodes in YouTube. After analyzing the seven episodes, forms of euphemism by pro speakers found are 1 slang, 1 loan word, 1 particularization, and 3 implication while by cons speakers are 1 derivation, 2 slang, 2 abbreviations, 4 loan words, 5 particularizations, 1 implication, and 2 metaphor. On the other hand, types of meaning by pro speakers found are 1 conceptual meaning, 3 connotative meaning and 1 affective meaning. While by cons speakers are 7 conceptual meaning, 7 connotative meaning, 1 social meaning, 2 affective meaning, and 1 reflected meaning.  The result of the study reveals that the dominant form by pro speaker is implication and the most dominant form by cons speaker is particularization. While connotative meaning was the dominant type by pro and conceptual and connotative meaning was the most dominant type by cons speakers of usage types of meaning in Mata Najwa. The differences of using euphemism by pro and cons speakers is that cons speakers use more euphemism in their conversations in order to avoid using the rude or offensive word, also to avoid the loss of face of the speaker, the hearer or the people which is being talked.
Routes to Improve Arteriovenous Fistula Formation for Haemodialysis
Authors: Timerbulatov M. V. , Ibragimov D. R.
Published: October 2021

Background. Contemporary methods to create primary arteriovenous fistula (AVF) for permanent vascular access (PVA) in haemodialysis continue to improve. The modified Brescia-Cimino operation is considered the main technique of forming native AVF. Various early PVA complications occur in 6–40 % patients entailing repeated surgical interventions.

Materials and methods. The study was conducted at the vascular surgery unit of City Clinical Hospital No. 21 of Ufa. All patients had surgery for distal AVF formation in forearm. Native forearm AVF creation was aided by the hydraulic balloon dilation technique prior to forming anastomosis.

Results. The PVA survival was 75.0 (n = 30), the median survival time corresponding to estimated time-to-rehospitalisation in at least 50 % patients (n = 30) was 4.0 ± 0.89 (95 % CI: 2.25–5.75) months. Mean time-to-relapse was 6.05 ± 1.15 (95 % CI: 3.8–8.3) months.

Discussion. The results obtained suggest the accessory hydraulic balloon dilation method useful prior to forming anastomosis to provide for the vein mechanical expansion, outflow capacity assessment and prevent venous torsion at preparation steps. Preparing a certain vein length (10 cm) with ligation of putative tributaries is also of importance.

Conclusion. The accessory technique of hydraulic balloon dilation of recipient vein in primary native AVF creation allows an intraoperative estimation of the vein state to exclude torsion and perform its mechanical dilation prior to forming anastomosis, which reduces the risk of postoperative thromboses.
Breast Cancer Surgery, History and Current State: a Literature Review
Authors: Kashirina E. P. , Komarov R. N. , Vychuzhanin D. V.
Published: October 2021

Breasts symbolise femininity, sexuality and motherhood. The breast size and shape affect the woman’s self-esteem and social activity. Surgical treatment of malignant breast diseases concerns the medical, psychological, social and sexual aspects of life. Surgery for breast cancer dawns back to 1,600 B.C., with a milestone operation of radical mastectomy proposed in 1891–1894 by W. Halsted and W. Meyer and modified by D. Patey and W. Dyson in 1948. Tissue preservation has shaped a trend towards improving the technique. Since the 1990s, the modified J. Madden’s operation has become the treatment standard in breast cancer, irregardless of stage. The improvement of mass first-visit check-up advanced early diagnosis of initial breast tumourisation, which also influenced the choice of surgical tactics. U. Veronesi proposed a variant of organ-preserving surgery in 1970–80s involving three-level axillary lymph node dissection quadrantectomy, followed by radiotherapy. This combination facilitated aesthetic results at no compromise of radicality of the treatment. The need to observe radicality and sustain aesthetics contributed to the integration of plastic surgery into oncological cure and emergence of reconstructive and plastic breast surgery. The field has entered new cycle. Oncoplastic surgery is recognised safe, improves aesthetics and gives a salutary impact on psychological and social adjustment. Manifold surgical options in breast cancer coexist and develop towards maximal tissue preservation.
Haemodynamics Support during Surgical Myocardial Revascularisation in Patients with Systolic Left Ventricular Dysfunction
Authors: Kharitonov N. V. , Vitsukaev V. V. , Trofimov N. A. , Makalsky P. D. , Zavgorodny V. N.
Published: October 2021

Coronary heart disease remains a leading cause of death worldwide, and coronary bypass surgery -- the treatment standard in haemodynamically significant multivessel and/or trunk coronary stenosis. Intraoperative haemodynamics support during coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) in patients with reduced ejection fraction currently remains controversial. Manifold evidence favours CABG with no extracorporeal circulation in higher risk patients to avoid the system’s frequent complications of blood transfusion, renal failure, bleeding, wound infection, cerebrovascular events and humoral disturbances. On the other hand, CABG with extracorporeal circulation and heart arrest allows a bloodless operating field and complete revascularisation in most, often very complex, cases. The complication rate and outcome in beating-heart surgery are reckoned to depend directly on the relevant surgeon’s and clinic experience, which makes many relinquish the technique due to a limited history of skill. This essay overviews the current state of the art, discussions of recent systematic studies on intraoperative haemodynamics support in patients with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction and touches upon the importance of surgeon’s experience for the operation outcome.
Haemoptysis as Complication of Wire-Guided Pulmonary Vein Orifice Cryoballoon Ablation in Complex Anatomy: a Clinical Case Series
Authors: Sorokin I. N. , Ayvazyan S. A. , Gorshenin K. G. , Buslaeva S. I. , Dvornikova M. I. , Seregin A. A.
Published: October 2021

Background. Cryoballoon ablation of pulmonary vein orifices is an effective measure in atrial fibrillation but associates with risks of interventional complications, including haemoptysis. The described clinical case series presents novel evidence to revisit the complication sources.

Materials and methods. Four haemoptysis-complicated cryoballoon ablations of pulmonary vein orifice have been analysed retrospectively. Interventions completed in a common clinical protocol with no additional postoperative complications.

Results. Fluoroscopy revealed a loop-formed balloon-supporting end of guidewire located in peripheral lower lobe of right lung. Postoperative chest computed tomography also depicted the main lung blood volume confined in right lower lobe, thus indicating pulmonary damage by the guidewire.

Discussion. Pulmonary vein anatomy is diverse and can greatly sophisticate the cryoballoon ablation procedure with a peculiar balloon navigation in left atrium. An optimal pulmonary vein orifice occlusion can be attained with guidewire, albeit incurring complications in form of haemoptysis.

Conclusions. The appliance advancement towards lung periphery associates with a higher risk of haemoptysis and bleeding. Perioperative haemoptysis and bleeding are most likely associated with mechanical injury to minor veins and require further investigation.
Perforated Peptic Ulcer Combined with Posttraumatic Diaphragmatic Hernia in Third Gestation Trimester: a Clinical Case
Authors: Panteleev V. S. , Fatkullina I. B. , Mustafin A. Kh. , Khalitova R. S. , Petrov A. S.
Published: October 2021

Background. Gastric and duodenal ulcers are extremely rare in pregnancy, according to published literature. Peptic ulcer is found in 1 per 4,000 pregnant women, a figure probably underestimated due to its hampered diagnosis in pregnancy. Pregnancy peptic ulcer is considered less expected. Perforated gastric and duodenal ulcers comprise about 1.5 % of total acute abdominal diseases, and the perforation rate in ulcer patients ranges within 5–15 %. This complication afflicts the ages of 20–40 years in men much more frequently than in women. Three perforation types occur: free into abdominal cavity (87 %), contained (9 %), into lesser omentum and retroperitoneal tissue (4 %).

Materials and methods. The clinical case describes surgical management of posttraumatic diaphragmatic hernia-comorbid perforated gastric ulcer in a pregnant woman in third trimester. Surgery with postoperative patient management enabled for a favourable outcome.

Results and discussion. Perforation-entailing gastric and duodenal ulcers in pregnant women have received negligible attention due to rarity in clinical practice. Paul et al. described 14 cases of duodenal perforation in pregnancy, all fatal.

Conclusion. Early diagnosis of surgical pathology during gestation is still difficult contributing to the development of severe complications associated with high mortality. The patient’s admission to a level III interspecialty hospital was key to enable a timely consilium-driven decision of caesarean intervention for saving the child, diagnosing intraoperatively life-threatening complicated surgical diseases and opting for radical surgery that ended in a favourable outcome.
Methodological aspects of social and psychological work with military men released from the armed forces, and members of their families
Authors: Liaska Oksana Petrivna , Humeniuk Iryna Illivna , Chynchyk Inna Oleksandrivna
Published: October 2021

The problem of socio-psychological adaptation of ex-servicemen and members of their families to the new conditions of organization of activity is extremely relevant. In order to develop and implement such problems within the project “Norway-Ukraine. Professional adaptation. Integration into the State System” the number of supporting centers have been established that are successfully operating in various cities of Ukraine for former or discharged servicemen and members of their families. The main areas of socio-psychological support provided under the Program were: psychological counseling, psychocorrection, c areer guidance and psychotherapy using a wide range of methods. The result of this work is to achieve the required level of readiness of the discharged serviceman to change profession. This allows to remove unnecessary psychological tension and some aggression during adaptation. It was found that the military and their families are in need of information and methodological and reference materials on a wide range of issues related to behavior in the transition to new living conditions and activities.
Pengaruh variasi tegangan listrik terhadap ketebalan dan kuat lekat pada baja karbon rendah dengan proses elektroplating
Authors: Zainuri Ahmad , Asroni Asroni , Handono Sulis Dri
Published: October 2021

Elektroplating adalah proses penegndapan ion-ion logam dengan cara elektro lapisan logam yang diplating agar tidak mudah korosi. Baja merupakan logam paduan antara Besi (Fe) dan Karbon (C), dimana besi sebagai unsur dasar dan karbon sebagai unsur paduan utamanya,. Adapun dari penelitian menggunakan bahan baja plat ST-41, larutan asam sulfat dan jarak anoda yang ditetapkan 5 cm. Tujuan penelitian pelapisan ini untuk membentuk permukaan dengan sifat atau dimensi yang berbeda dengan logam dasarnya. Terjadinya endapan pada proses disebabkan adanya ion-ion pada elektrolit tersebut akan mengendap pada katoda, proses elektrokimia akan mengalami reaksi oksidasi dan reduksi. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan variasi tegangan pelapisan 7,5 Volt, 8,5 Volt, dan 9,5 Volt kemudian dilakukan pengujian ketebalan dan kuat lekat. Hasil penelitian ini didapatkan hasil tegangan pelapisan 7,5 menit dengan ketebalan rata rata  0,121 mm rata rata nilai kuat lekat 23,33 MPa, tegangan pelapisan 8,5 Volt dengan  ketebalan rata rata 0,139 mm rata rata nilai kuat lekat 25,06 MPa, tegangan pelapisan 9,5 volt dengan ketebalan rata rata 0,148 mm rata rata nilai kuat lekat 26,27 MPa.
Analisa pengaruh media pendingin dan arus listrik pada proses pengelasan titik (spot welding) stainlees steel terhadap nilai kekuatan tarik
Authors: Wahyudi Tri Cahyo , Handono Sulis Dri , Sanjaya Hendi Ahmad , Sulaiman Azis Abdul Basir
Published: October 2021

Pengelasan adalah salah satu teknik penyambungan logam dengan cara mencairkan sebagian logam induk dan logam pengisi dengan tekanan dan dengan atau tanpa logam penambah sehingga menghasilkan sambungan las yang kontiyu. Media pendingin dan arus listrik pada proses pengelasan ini sangat mempengaruhi hasil pengelasan. Lap joint adalah salah satu jenis sambungan las yang ada pada las titik yaitu jenis sambunga tumpuk. Penelitian ini menggunakan plat baja Stainlees Steel AISI 316. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kekuatan tarik dan jenis pendingin dengan arus berapa yang paling optimal untuk diberikan pembebanan tarik. Untuk waktu pengelasan disamakan  yaitu 2 detik dan untuk parameter  yang digunakan adalah media pendingin air biasa, air garam, air mineral dan variasi arus 660 Ampere, 880 Ampere dan 1100 Ampere. Pengujian yang dilakukan adalah pengujian tarik menggunakan alat Ultimate Testing Machine. Pada hasil pengujian didapat bahwa jenis sambungan lap joint yang paling optimum untuk diberikan pembebanan tarik dari nilai yield strength yaitu  pendingin air biasa pada arus 1100 Ampere sebesar 159,17 kg/mm2, tensile strength dengan  pendingin air mineral pada Arus 1100 Ampere sebesar 195,92 kg/mm2, dan nilai elongation dengan pendingin air mineral pada arus 1100 Ampere sebesar 11.19%.
Kruh v egyptské matematice
Authors: Bečvář Jindřich
Published: October 2021

The article analyzes five exercises (R50, R48, R41, R42 and R43) from the Rhind Mathematical Papyrus (de-posited in the British Museum) that comes from the Second Intermediate Period of Egypt and is one of the best known examples of ancient Egyptian mathematics. One exercise (K2) from the Kahun Mathematical Papyrus (British Museum) is also discussed. The exercise R50 shows how Egyptian scribes calculated the area of a cir-cle with a given diameter. The exercise R48 compares the area of a circle with a given diameter to that of its cir-cumscribing square. Four other exercises demonstrate how to calculate the volume of a cylindrical grain silo with a given diameter and height. The author explains the algorithm which was used by Egyptian calculators. He also offers three ways how they could find a fairly accurate calculation, and how they approximated the value for π and compared Egyptian approximation with the approximation using by Babylonian scribes as well as Greek mathematicians.
POLA AKTIVITAS WISATA BELANJA DI KAMPUNG WISATA KERAMIK DINOYO, MALANG
Authors: Santoso Joko Triwinarto , Mustikawati Triandriani , Suryasari Noviani , Titisari Ema Y.
Published: October 2021

Dinoyo ceramics tourist kampong has limited space in the effort to organize it. To formulate the concept of spatial planning in accordance with the needs and potential of space, is necessary to identify activity pattern of shopping as a major activity in economic activity that will be developed, as well as the use of space. This study uses observation and behavior mapping of visitors in corridors of the ceramics kampong. Observation time is chosen in rush hours of visitors which are known from questionnaire on the visitors and shop owners. Analysis of observation result and behavioral mapping is conducted by overlay analysis to understand pattern of travel or trip, pattern of activity, and points of visitors activity. While content analysis of the photos/video is performed to determine actors of activity, type of activity, physical order supporting activity, dimension of space, time of occurrence, and duration of activity. The results show that the pattern of shopping activities which occur in the kampong influenced by the type of products, accessibility, availability of parking areas and circulation, as well as the availability of other supporting facilities (signage, maps, location markers, food stalls, public toilets, an information center, etc).
AN ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT OF VERNACULAR HOUSING IN BANDA ACEH, INDONESIA
Authors: Sari Laina Hilma , Hasan Izziah , Irwansyah Mirza , Meutia Erna
Published: October 2021

Kehadiran bangunan baru saat ini dominasi dengan gaya minimalis. Rumah-rumah tradisional

dan transisi telah secara bertahap punah. Oleh karena itu penelitian ini menilai perumahan

vernakular di Aceh, Indonesia yang berfokus pada Banda Aceh dan sekitarnya . Rumah-rumah

vernakular yang dinilai dalam penelitian ini adalah rumah tradisional , transisi dan modern.

Lingkup dari penelitian in adalah penilaian kualitas lingkungan rumah dalam hal kearifan lokal,

energi yang terkandung dan kenyamanan termal. Karena iklim lokal Aceh tidak berbeda secara

signifikan dari sebagian besar daerah dataran rendah di Sumatera atau bahkan Indonesia, maka

penelitian ini juga dapat menjadi acuan dalam melakukan penelitian serupa
Symbolic consultation and cultural simplification in the establishment of an Indonesian national park and its impacts on local livelihoods
Authors: Meilani Mei , Andayani Wahyu , Faida Lies Rahayu Wijayanti , Susanti Fitria Dewi , Myers Rodd , Maryudi Ahmad
Published: October 2021

This paper analyzes the processes by which the Sebangau National Park in Central Kalimantan (Indonesia) was established, along with the management activities implemented and the impacts of such activities on local communities. Employing an environmental justice lens, which revolved around procedural, recognition, and distribution issues, we found that local communities were not adequately consulted or involved in the establishment and management of the national park. Furthermore, approaches to mitigate the adverse impacts failed to fully consider the diverse cultures and customs with different livelihood strategies surrounding the park. The research also found that the options made available for local livelihoods were limited and did not meet specific needs and demands of certain ethnic groups. Overall, the transformation of the Sebangau production forest into a conservation area significantly disrupted local livelihoods and led to pronounced adverse economic, social, and cultural impacts. Thus, adequate attention to environmental justice must be made if park authorities are to improve the social acceptability of the national park. They should meaningfully engage the local communities in decision-making procedures related to park management, because they are directly impacted by the park. The authorities should also understand the different sociocultural aspects related to the local people surrounding the park and their different needs and livelihood strategies. Finally, the livelihood alternatives should be carefully assessed, and locals should be adequately consulted to ensure that these are socially and culturally accepted.
Gli ospedali degli incurabili a Roma e Napoli.
Authors: Giusto Rosa Maria
Published: October 2021

Il contributo ricostruisce la storia fondativa di due complessi ospedalieri destinati agli Incurabili, ripercorrendone le relazioni. Di fondamentale importanza per l’evoluzione dei sistemi sanitari e lo sviluppo urbano e territoriale delle rispettive città, l’Arciospedale di san Giacomo in Augusta a Roma e il complesso di santa Maria del Popolo degli Incurabili a Napoli furono caratterizzati in Età Moderna da una comune organizzazione e struttura dovute al ruolo esercitato dal notaio genovese Ettore Vernazza, fondatore della compagnia del Divino Amore, che ne coadiuvò e promosse le iniziative e da personalità del calibro di Gaetano da Thiene e Filippo Neri.

Attualmente dismessi e in condizioni fatiscenti, tali edifici testimoniano, per la qualità delle loro architetture e il ruolo assunto nei secoli, l’importanza e la centralità che i temi dell’accoglienza e della cura rivestirono sin dall’Età Moderna sollecitati dall’azione aggregante e solidale svolta dalle confraternite quali istituzioni caritatevoli in grado di contribuire attivamente al miglioramento della società e alla qualità e ai servizi degli spazi di vita quotidiani.
Survey of Slum Housing Characteristics Using Drones: An Experiment in the Alto das Pombas Community, Salvador de Bahia/Brazil
Authors: Gomes Joice Genaro , Pedrassoli Julio Cesar
Published: October 2021

Since the approval of the Brazilian Federal Technical Assistance Law, whose objective is to guarantee adequate technical assistance to the residents of poor areas to improve their homes, several municipalities have implemented programs, not always successful, to improve housing in slums. Aiming to subsidize these programs implementation workflow, the present paper analyses use of drones as a tool to gather information about the physical characteristics slum households in Salvador de Bahia city, Brazil. As an experiment we flight over a single census sector within the Alto das Pombas slum, and after image processing we extracted and organized the collected data, extracting the possible information that could be applied to identify and quantify the most precarious houses that could be prioritized from a health improvement perspective. We conclude that many of the necessary data needed, on the urbanistic scale in Brazilian slums, can benefit from drone photogrammetry at low cost and fast execution.
Study of correlations between CT properties of retrieved cerebral thrombi with treatment outcome of stroke patients
Authors: Viltuznik Rebeka , Vidmar Jernej , Fabjan Andrej , Jeromel Miran , Milosevic Zoran V. , Kocijancic Igor J. , Sersa Igor
Published: October 2021

Background

All the patients with suspected stroke are directed to whole-brain CT scan. The purpose of this scan is to look for early features of ischemia and to rule out alternative diagnoses than stroke. In case of ischemic stroke, CT diagnostics (including CT angiography) is used mainly to locate the occlusion and its size, while the Hounsfield Units (HU) values of the thrombus causing the stroke are usually overlooked on CT scan or considered not important. The aim of this study was to demonstrate that the HU value is relevant and can help in better treatment planning.

Patients and methods

There were 25 patients included in the study, diagnosed with ischemic stroke in the middle cerebral artery (MCA) territory. In all patients, systemic thrombolysis was not successful and the mechanical recanalization was needed. The retrieved thrombi were also analyzed histologically for the determination of red blood cells (RBC) proportion. CT of the proximal MCA (M1) segment was analyzed for average HU value and its variability both in the occluded section and the symmetrical normal site. These CT parameters were then statistically studied for the possible correlations with different clinical, histological and procedure parameters using the Linear Regression and the Pearson correlation coefficient.

Results

Relevant positive correlations were found between average HU value of thrombus and outcome modified Rankin Scale (mRS), initial mRS, number of passes with thrombectomy device as well as RBC proportion.

Conclusions

Results of the present study suggest that measured HU values in CT images of the cerebral thrombi may help in the assessment of thrombus compaction and therefore better treatment planning.
Analisis Bentuk Stimulus, Dimensi Kognitif, dan Karakteristik HOTS pada Instrumen Evaluasi Mata Pelajaran IPA Karya Guru
Authors: Widarta* Fajar Okta , Artika Wiwit
Published: October 2021

The quality of the evaluation instrument describes the quality of learning in schools. Teachers must be able to plan good evaluation instruments. The quality of the evaluation instrument can be assessed from three aspects, including the stimulus, the cognitive dimension, and the characteristics of higher thinking skills (HOTS). This study aims to analyze the teacher's science subject evaluation instrument based on the form of stimulus, cognitive dimensions, and HOTS characteristics. This research is descriptive quantitative, where the data is presented as a percentage and then described. Qualitative tests on the content of the stimulus are used to group the items into a certain stimulus form. The cognitive process dimension identification sheet was developed based on Bloom's revised taxonomy. The classification of HOTS questions uses the HOTS characteristic identification criteria. The results showed that most of the questions made by the teacher did not have a stimulus, the distribution of the cognitive process dimensions of the questions was uneven, and the questions made were not HOTS. Based on the results of the analysis, it is concluded that the teacher's evaluation instrument was poor
“Mexican Divertimento” by Joseph Brodsky: a Culture-TroughLanguage Analysis
Authors: Reinhardt R. O.
Published: October 2021

Te article provides a comprehensive culture-through-language analysis of the poetical cycle “Mexican Divertimento” by Joseph Brodsky. It describes the basic principles of its poems’ construction, their stylistic features, interconnections between them, as well as with further elements of the poet’s creative heritage and other authors’ works. Te author of the article analyzes the place and role of the IberoAmerican theme in Brodsky’s poetry, which has not previously been reﬂected in experts’ works. Brodsky’s reception of Mexican culture and history episodes from diﬀerent periods demonstrates his deep knowledge of these issues, which before the trip to Mexico could hardly have been familiar to him. At the same time, the author of the article outlines a number of inaccuracies and errors in history, toponymy, onomastics and other areas, wondering about their intentional or accidental character. Based on the results of the analysis, the article concludes that the cycle under study, while remaining self-sufcient and self-valuable in form and content, organically fts into Brodsky’s stylistic and ideological paradigm of the 1970s-1980s. At the same time, the analyzed text not only has a high artistic value, but also in linguo-cultural terms reﬂects the peculiarities of Mexican culture, its history, as well as Russian-Mexican cultural ties.
Deontology of French Journalism in Contemporary Political Context
Authors: Tarasova M. V.
Published: October 2021

In the focus of the article are diﬀerent views of French media representatives on the appropriateness of the Council for Deontology and Mediation, founded in France in December 2019. Te Council positions itself as an independent structure that carries out the functions of self-regulation (within the profession), and co-regulation (between journalists and audience) in the feld of mass media based on French and international codes of journalism ethics. Te Council considers mass media audience complaints about journalists’ violation of professional ethics and acts as an intermediary in resolving information disputes between journalists, publishers and the audience.Te main goal of the Council on Deontology and Mediation is to restore the audience’s trust in mass media and create a culture of honest journalism. However, its establishment and activities provoked a ferce debate in the French journalism community, splitting it into two camps. Te opponents, who happened to be in the majority, do not recognize the legitimacy of the Council and refuse to work with it.In this respect, the article examines the following issues: a brief history of French and international codes of journalism ethics; the reasons of the crisis of trust to traditional media; the political context in which the Council for Deontology and Mediation emerged; the Council’s structure and functions; arguments put for and against its activities; analysis of two cases that illustrate its activities.Te article is based on materials taken from traditional French media: Le Monde, Le Figaro, Libération, Les Échos, L’Express, La Croix; online media: Médiapart and Contexte, as well as TV interviews with media representatives.
Exploring the effectiveness and the transversal competency retention of a game-based learning activity one year after student participation
Authors: Leandro Cruz Mariana , Saunders-Smits Gillian N.
Published: October 2021

Most studies in engineering education focus on the effectiveness of the teaching interventions and what transversal competencies engineering students gain from those interventions immediately after they take place. This study explores the effectiveness of an existing game-based learning activity and the competency retention of the participating students one year after its implementation. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to nine students who participated in the activity at Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands. The findings showed that students remembered and benefited from the activity. This exploratory study indicated that this activity is valid to retain students transversal competencies because it provides active learning, engagement, rules, risk-taking, cooperation and competition, and it can be plugged-and-played in any engineering context. This study encourages researchers in the field of engineering education to conduct transversal competency retention studies, which are fundamental to understand how the teaching practices shape students’ competencies in the period after their participation.
PERBANDINGAN DEFORMASI DINDING PADA BASEMENT METODE TOP-DOWN DENGAN ANALISIS CONSTRUCTION STAGE DAN ANALISIS KONVENSIONAL
Authors: Raynaldi Raynaldi , Susilo Alfred Jonathan
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT In basement construction with the top-down approach, excavation and slab installation work are carried out in stages. However, not all geotechnical applications can simulate construction stages, hence this effect has been ignored by many engineers in practice. Therefore, in this study, the effect of basement construction stages is analyzed using MIDAS GTS NX. In the program, two different analyses are performed. The first analysis is the construction stage analysis that simulates construction stages. As a comparison, a conventional analysis is performed which doesn't simulate construction stages. The two analysis results are compared. This analysis focuses mainly on the wall deformation. The modeling consists of 5 excavation stages (17 meters deep) and a diaphragm wall (36 meters deep). The walls are given 5 layers of slab reinforcements. In the first excavation stage, the maximum wall deformation results in both analyses show slightly different results (the construction stage analysis result is 8% greater than that of conventional analysis). However, in the final excavation stage, a significant difference is shown (the construction stage analysis result is 37% greater than that of conventional analysis). These results indicate that the effect of construction stages should not be neglected, especially in multi-story basements with top-down construction.ABSTRAK Pada konstruksi basement dengan metode top-down, pekerjaan penggalian dan pemasangan pelat dilakukan secara bertahap. Namun, tidak semua aplikasi geoteknik dapat mensimulasikan tahapan konstruksi sehingga pengaruhnya sering diabaikan oleh banyak insinyur dalam praktiknya. Maka, pada penelitian ini dilakukan analisis pengaruh tahapan konstruksi basement menggunakan aplikasi MIDAS GTS NX. Pada program, akan dilakukan dua analisis yang berbeda. Pertama, dilakukan analisis construction stage yang mensimulasikan tahapan konstruksi. Sebagai perbandingan, dilakukan analisis konvensional yang tidak mensimulasikan tahapan konstruksi. Kedua hasil analisis dibandingkan. Analisis ini lebih berfokus pada deformasi yang terjadi pada dinding diafragma. Pemodelan terdiri dari 5 tahap galian dengan kedalaman 17 meter dan dinding diafragma dengan kedalaman 36 meter. Dinding diberi perkuatan pelat sebanyak 5 lapis. Pada galian tahap pertama, hasil deformasi maksimum dinding pada kedua analisis menunjukkan hasil yang tidak jauh berbeda (hasil analisis construction stage lebih besar 8% dibandingkan hasil analisis konvensional). Tetapi pada galian tahap akhir, hasil deformasi maksimum dinding pada kedua analisis menunjukkan perbedaan signifikan (hasil analisis construction stage lebih besar 37% dibandingkan hasil analisis konvensional). Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa pengaruh tahapan konstruksi sebaiknya tidak diabaikan khususnya pada basement bertingkat banyak dengan metode top-down.
IDENTIFIKASI FAKTOR PENYEBAB COST OVERRUN (PEMBENGKAKAN BIAYA) PADA PROYEK RUMAH TINGGAL
Authors: Christopher Jason , Waty Mega
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACTThe advancement of the construction sector has made the complexity of a project increase in line with the increasing demands on construction engineers to complete a project on time, in accordance with cost, and prioritize quality. From that statement, a cost overrun problem shows in the process of running the project. Several techniques have been espoused by innovative organizational and managerial practices to reduce the risk of cost overrun from the construction project, but cost overrun in project construction remain as a one of the problem. This study aims to identify the factors that cause cost overrun in residential projects. The process of data collection was carried out using a questionnaire as the instrument. The data from the questionnaire is primary data that will be processed with the help of IBM SPSS 25 software. The identification of the factors causing the cost overrun using the relative important index (RII) method to determine the level of importance of each variable. The results of this study indicate that the project data and information are incomplete (when aanwijzing) and the erroneous estimation of material costs and wages are the main factors causing cost overrun with an RII value ≥ 0,9. ABSTRAK  Majunya sektor pekerjaan konstruksi membuat kompleksitas suatu proyek semakin meningkat sejalan dengan meningkatnya tuntutan kepada pelaku konstruksi untuk menyelesaikan proyek secara tepat waktu, sesuai dengan biaya, dan mengendepankan kualitas. Dari tuntutan tersebut, timbul suatu masalah cost overrun (pembengkakan biaya) dalam proses berjalannya proyek. Berbagai upaya telah dilakukan oleh berbagai organisasi mandiri dan praktisi manajemen untuk mengurangi risiko dari adanya cost overrun (pembengkakan biaya) pada suatu proyek, namun masalah cost overrun tetap menjadi salah satu problema dalam proyek konstruksi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor penyebab terjadinya cost overrun (pembengkakan biaya) pada proyek rumah tinggal. Proses pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan kuesioner sebagai instrumennya. Data dari kuesioner tersebut merupakan data primer yang akan diolah dengan bantuan software IBM SPSS 25. Pengidentifikasian faktor-faktor penyebab terjadinya cost overrun menggunakan metode relative importance index (RII) untuk menentukan tingkat kepentingan setiap variabel. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukaan bahwa data dan informasi proyek kurang lengkap (saat aanwijzing) dan perencanaan estimasi biaya material dan upah yang keliru menjadi faktor paling utama penyebab cost overrun dengan nilai RII ≥ 0,9.
ANALISIS STABILITAS BACK-TO-BACK MECHANICALLY STABILIZED EARTH WALLS (STUDI KASUS JALAN LAYANG DI SULAWESI SELATAN)
Authors: Salim Yordan , Suhendra Andryan
Published: October 2021

In urban areas, the requirement for roads is always increasing. This has resulted in various problems such as limited land so that it needs to construct a proper retaining wall. The type of retaining wall that will be discussed is back-to-back mechanically stabilized earth walls. The author analyzes the minimum reinforcement length required for the stability of the retaining wall structure. The author also analyzes the use of backfill material from back-to-back mechanically stabilized earth walls. In this study, two types of backfill materials were used, sand and laterite. The author analyzes the stability of the structure using manual calculations and with software based on finite element methods with several differences in the reinforcement length of the geogrid. In manual analysis obtained the tensile force that occurs in the geogrid and the safety factor for the external stability. In the analysis using the software obtained the safety factor and deformation that occurs in the structure. The results of this study are the minimum ratio of reinforcement length to height, that is L = 0.66H for sand and L = 0.6H for laterite. The requirement of geogrid tensile capacity for laterite is smaller than for sand.Keywords: reinforcement length, mechanically stabilized earth walls, geogrid, safety factorPada daerah perkotaan, kebutuhan akan jalan selalu meningkat. Hal ini mengakibatkan berbagai masalah seperti keterbatasan lahan sehingga perlu konstruksi dinding penahan tanah yang tepat. Jenis dinding penahan tanah yang akan dibahas adalah back-to-back mechanically stabilized earth walls. Penulis menganalisis panjang penjangkaran minimum yang diperlukan untuk statbilitas struktur dinding penahan tanah. Penulis juga menganalisis penggunaan material timbunan dari back-to-back mechanically stabilized earth walls. Pada penelitian ini digunakan dua jenis material timbunan yaitu pasir dan tanah merah. Penulis menganalis kestabilan dari struktur menggunakan perhitungan manual dan dengan software berbasis metode elemen hingga dengan beberapa variasi panjang penjangkaran dari geogrid. Pada analisis manual, diperoleh gaya tarik yang terjadi pada geogrid dan faktor keamanan dari stabilitas eksternal struktur. Pada analisis menggunakan program diperoleh faktor keamanan dan deformasi yang terjadi pada struktur. Adapun hasil dari penelitian ini yaitu rasio panjang penjangkaran terhadap tinggi minimum yaitu L = 0,66H pada pasir dan L = 0,6H untuk tanah merah. Kebutuhan kapasitas tarik geogrid untuk tanah merah lebih kecil daripada pasir.Kata kunci: panjang penjangkaran, mechanically stabilized earh walls, geogrid, faktor keamanan
ANALISIS MODEL KEGAGALAN RUMAH 2 LANTAI AKIBAT NEGATIVE SKIN FRICTION DAN CURAH HUJAN YANG TINGGI
Authors: Chandra Jeanfrie , Makarim Chaidir Anwar
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACTOne of the problems that appear in a project is the presence of soft soil. In projects with soft soil types, it is necessary to manage the soil to increase the bearing capacity of soil. Soil subsidence on soft soil causes friction between the soil and the pile blanket, called the negative skin friction. Negative skin friction should not be neglected because it exerts a large enough force on the load that the pile must support. In addition, in designing an engineer must also pay attention to the optimal rainfall that will occur during the construction of a project and after that has an impact on the quality of the soil and foundation used. The topography of a project also needs to be considered, building a house on the edge of a slope can cause problems with slope instability. Increasing the load on the edge of the slope can reduce the safety factor of a slope. In this study, a modeling analysis will be carried out on a 2-story residential building that causes the house to collapse due to failure of the foundation design, the existence of negative frictional resistance on soft soil, and slope stability. ABSTRAKSalah satu permasalahan yang muncul pada suatu proyek adalah adanya tanah lunak. Pada proyek dengan jenis tanah lunak, perlu dilakukan perbaikan tanah untuk meningkatkan daya dukung tanah. Penurunan tanah pada tanah lunak menyebabkan gesekan antara tanah denan selimut tiang yang disebut fenomena tahanan friksi negatif. Tahanan friksi negatif tidak boleh diabaikan karena memberikan gaya yang cukup besar terhadap beban yang harus ditopang oleh tiang. Oleh karena itu, seorang insinyur harus memperhatikan dan mengetahui mengenai perilaku tanah lunak. Selain itu dalam mendesain, seorang insinyur juga harus memperhatikan mengenai curah hujan optimal yang akan terjadi selama pengerjaan suatu proyek dan setelahnya yang berdampak pada kualitas tanah dan fondasi yang digunakan. Topografi suatu proyek juga perlu diperhatikan, membangun rumah di tepi lereng dapat menyebabkan permasalahan pada ketidakstabilan lereng.