bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
STRUCTURAL-GROUP COMPOSITION AND GROWTH-REGULATING ACTIVITY OF D-GLUCOSE–M-AMINODENZOIC ACID CONDENSATION PRODUCTS
Authors: Cherepanov Igor' Sergeyevich , Kryukova Polina Sergeyevna
Published: November 2020

Structural-group composition is studied, mechanisms of formation are proposed and assessment of plant growth activity of condensation products in D-glucose–m-aminobenzoic acid (m-ABA) system is carried out. Solid product of complete reaction system, formed from initial components as a result of complex reaction combination is fractionated with water, nondialysable component is isolated from water-soluble fraction, studied by methods of elemental analysis, electronic and vibrational spectroscopy, as well as tested as growth regulating agent. According to IR-Fourier spectroscopy, undialysable water-soluble products are characterized by structural-group compositions close to natural humic substances: mainly aliphatic backbone including C=C, C=O, C–O, OH-functions and bounded arylamine fragments (m-ABA). The profile of the electron spectra confirms the presence of sufficiently long chromophores in the structure. Such functionalization provided the necessary ratio in the product structure of the active groups and the aromatic component for the development of humic products growth activity at low concentrations due to optimal polar-hydrophobic interactions at supramolecular association level, which was confirmed experimentally by the evaluation of cucumber seeds growth indices of the "Nezhinsky" variety. Additional spectral studies of seed seedlings allowed to justify the mumbling effect of synthesized products, the maximum effect of which was observed in the area of low (0.0008%) solutions concentrations, which is also characteristic of natural humate’s stimulating influence. Further studies are planned in the direction of studying the effect of synthesized products on individual phases of plant development, as well as estimation of their ecotoxicity and biodegradation ability. The results obtained supposed to be the basis of technological scheme for production of processed humin-like products on an industrial scale.
THE ACTIVITY OF INTERMOLECULAR HYDROGEN COMPLEXES OF QUERCETIN WITH GLUCOSE IN REAC-TIONS WITH COTTON OIL PEROXY RADICALS
Authors: Belaya Natal'ya Ivanovna , Belyy Aleksandr Vladimirovich , Tikhonova Galina Anatol'yevna , Udalov Yaroslav Sergeyevich
Published: November 2020

The presence of a strong synergistic effect of the binary quercetin–glucose composition in the reaction with peroxyl radicals generated during the auto- and initiated oxidation of cottonseed oil was established. The highest antiradical activity showed the synergistic compositions at a ratio of 60 : 40%. The established synergism refers to the type when products, formed during reaction, interacts with peroxy radicals more effectively than the original individual substances. Such products may be intermolecular hydrogen-bonded complexes of quercetin and glucose, the existence of such complexes confirmed by NMR spectroscopy. DFT method showed that the most stable is the donor H-complex, where quercetin acts as a hydrogen donor. A quantitative measure of the electron-donating properties of H complexes – the ionization potential – was calculated in the gas phase. The ionization potential of the donor complex is lower so its reducing ability in reaction with radicals is higher than that of the monomeric antioxidant.This can explain the presence of the maximum synergistic effect in the quercetin-glucose mixture at the ratio of 60 : 40%, when, probably, the proportion of donor H-complexes in the reaction mixture is maximum. Obtained results make it possible to carry out a targeted search for effective antioxidant synergistic flavonoid–carbohydrate compositions in plant extracts.
LIPIDS, FATTY ACIDS AND PIGMENTS OF LEAVES DICTAMNUS CAUCASICUS FISCH. EX GROSSH. (RU-TACEAE)
Authors: Bogdanova Elena Sergeyevna , Nesterov Viktor Nikolayevich , Senator Stepan Aleksandrovich , Vasjukov Vladimir Mikhaylovich , Rozentsvet Ol'ga Anatol'yevna
Published: November 2020

Plants of the genus Dictamnus are a source of chemical compounds with different biological activity – alkaloids, bitterness, furocoumarins, saponins, essential oils. In the present work, the qualitative and quantitative composition of components lipids, fatty acids, and pigments isolated from the leaves of Dictamnus caucasicus Fisch. ex Grossh. – is presented for the first time, also of interest for medicine and pharmacology. Plants were selected in the Samara region, on the territory of which D. caucasicus is currently under threat of extinction. Plant extracts were analyzed by high performance thin-layer and gas-liquid chromatography. Identification of polar lipids was carried out using specific reagents – anthrone reagent, molybdenum blue, Dragendorff’s reagent, 0.2% ninhydrin solution. Neutral lipids were identified using an mixture of standards – triacylglycerol (TAG), oleic acid (FFA), cholesterol (ST), diacyglycerol (DAG). It was shown that the main group of lipids contains carbohydrate fragments – glycolipids as structural components. Among phospholipids, a high content of phosphatidylglycerol was found, and in neutral lipids – free and esterified forms of sterols. Polyunsaturated linolenic acid (C18: 3n3) dominates in the composition of fatty acids, and chlorophyll a dominates in the pigment pool.
MECHANOCHEMICAL METHOD OF PROCESSING SILICA-CONTAINING PLANT MATTER
Authors: Shcherbakova Tat'yana Petrovna
Published: November 2020

The possibility of complex processing of silica-containing plant biomass with the selection of a line of target products is investigated. The method includes the mechanochemical treatment of biomass in a solution of sodium hydroxide in a rotary pulsation apparatus at a temperature of self-heating not lower than 80 °C. The resulting suspension is separated on a solid residue and an extract. The solid residue is washed and dried to obtain pulp powder. The bio-filled silica gel with an SiO2 content of 49.4 wt.% to 62.6 wt.% is isolated from the extract after separation of the solid residue. By ashing the silicon-containing product at a temperature of 600 °C, amorphous silica is obtained. The content of SiO2 (as the target component) in the ash is 85.5–92.0%. The SiO2 diffraction pattern is characterized by the presence of a diffuse halo with a maximum at 2q=22.75 ° and the absence of diffraction peaks. Preliminary acid leaching can increase the purity of the resulting silica to 99.0%. The specific surface area of the obtained silica was determined by the BET method for nitrogen sorption at 260 m2/g.

The effect of the concentration of the extractant on the yield of alkali-soluble substances and the degree of leaching of silicon was studied. It was shown that even at a 1% concentration of the extractant (NaOH), almost complete leaching of silicon from the plant matrix occurs. Depending on the increase in the concentration of NaOH, the degree of delignification of the biomass increases to 13–18–22%, respectively, with an increase in the concentration of NaOH 1–5–10%. Powdered cellulose was obtained with a content (%): silicon – 1.12, lignin – 34.8, alpha cellulose – 86.0, with a yield of 33.0% and a particle distribution of 80–300 μm. The amount of biomass loss is 17.6 wt.%.
DETERMINATION OF L-ARGININE CONTENT IN SCOTS PINE NEEDLES USING THE SAKAGUCHI TEST
Authors: Chernobrovkina Nadezhda Petrovna , Robonen Elena Vil'yamovna , Nikerova Kseniya Mikhaylovna , Galibina Nataliya Alekseyevna , Makarova Tamara Nikolayevna , Repin Andrey Vladimirovich
Published: November 2020

Arginine can be accumulated in substantial amounts in coniferous plants whose mineral nutrition is regulated. A simple, quick, accurate and inexpensive method for determining the amino acid in coniferous plant organs is needed to improve the technique of raising the arginine level in the plants and making arginine-rich products of their needles. The aim of this study was to modificate a spectrophotometric method for determining arginine in Pinus sylvestris L. needles containing low or abnormally high levels of the amino acid using the Sakaguchi test. Our studies revealed the agents providing for maximum extraction of arginine from needles. Techniques for stripping the extract of organic compounds and chromogenic reagents for the Sakaguchi test were tested, and the wavelengths of maximum optical absorption of solvents in needle arginine content spectrophotometric analysis were determined. This method is simple, reproducible, accurate, and can be employed to quickly analyze pine needles for arginine content, in particular when developing techniques for augmenting it in coniferous plants and making arginine-rich products of coniferous needles.
MYCOSTATIC ACTIVITY OF EXTRACTS FROM LEAVES OF PLANTAGO MEDIA L. AND PLANTAGO ALTISSIMA L.
Authors: Khortetska Taia Volodymirivna , Smoilovska Halina Pavlyvna , Yerenko Olena Kostyantynivna , Maliuhina Olena Oleksandrivna , Mazulin Oleksandr Vladylenovych
Published: November 2020

A variety of drugs are widely used to treat fungal infections. Mostly they are products of chemical synthesis, but recently, due to the increased resistance of fungi to many synthetic drugs, the relevance of the use of herbal remedies in the complex treatment of both skin infections and deep mycoses has been increasing. The aim of our research was to study the chemical composition of the lyophilic extracts of Plantago media and Plantago altissima of the flora of Ukraine by HPLC and GLC-MS methods and also mycostatic activity of ethanol and lyophilic extracts of the studied plants. As a result of the research, aucubin iridoid was detected in the lyophilic extracts of both species. There were also detected 15 polyphenolic compounds among which prevails acteoside, plantamayoside, ferulic and chlorogenic acid. Alcohol and lyophilic extracts of P. media and P. altissima showed mycostatic activity to all studied strains of yeast, dermatophytic fungi and aspergillus. The mycostatic effect of alcoholic extracts of P. media and P. altissima was more evident in comparison with the mycostatic effect of lyophilic extracts. The most evident antifungal effect was presented by alcoholic extract of P. media in relation to the clinical strain of Aspergillus oryzae (18.0±1.0 mm), and alcoholic extract of P. altissima to the clinical strain of Malassezia sp. (18.0±0.5 mm). The data obtained indicate a wide range of mycostatic effects of Plantago media and Plantago altissima extracts and the prospectivity of these objects for practical use in medicine.
SULFATION OF ABIES ETHANOL LIGNIN WITH COMPLEXES OF SULFUR TRIOXIDE WITH 1,4-DIOXANE AND PYRIDINE
Authors: Malyar Yuriy Nikolayevich , Vasil'yeva Natal'ya Yur'yevna , Kazachenko Aleksandr Sergeyevich , Skvortsova Galina Pavlovna , Korol'kova Irina Vladimirovna , Kuznetsova Svetlana Alekseyevna
Published: November 2020

In this work, we optimized the process of sulfating abies ethanol lignin with complexes of sulfuric anhydride with pyridine and 1,4-dioxane. Experimentally found are the conditions for the implementation of the process of sulfation of abies ethanol lignin by complexes of sulfur trioxide with 1,4-dioxane and pyridine, providing a high sulfur content (12.0–12.6%). It was shown that a high sulfur content of 12.0–13.5% (mass.) in the obtained ethanol lignin sulfate is achieved when the ratio of the amount of chlorosulfonic acid to the amount of abies ethanol lignin is 20.22 : 1 mmol : g and the duration of the sulfation process is 60–120 min and independent of the nature of the sulfating complex. The structure and composition of water-soluble sulfated abies ethanol lignin are confirmed by FTIR spectroscopy, gel permeation chromatography and elemental analysis. In the FTIR spectra of sulfated abies ethanol lignin, in comparison with the FTIR spectra of the initial abies ethanol lignin, there are absorption bands in the region of 1270–1260, 1220–1212, 861–803 cm-1, corresponding to vibrations of sulfate groups. Compared to the initial lignin, sulfated abies ethanol lignin has a low degree of polydispersity. In particular, there was an increase in Mw c ~1.5 kDa to ~3.4 kDa in lignin sulfated for 30 min and a decrease in polydispersity from 2.59 to 1.22 compared to the initial abies ethanol lignin. With an increase in the sulfation time, the profile of the molecular mass distribution curve shifts to a high molecular weight region, with a simultaneous increase in polydispersity to 1.5 and Mw increases to ~4.3 kDa.
EXTRACTIVE SUBSTANCES OF SAPROTROPHIC MUSHROOMS LENTINULA EDODES AND PHOLIOTA SQUARROSA. HEAVY METAL CONTENT
Authors: Bakanov Vyacheslav Vadimovich , Vedernikov Dmitriy Nikolaevich , Khabarova Lyubov Sergeevna
Published: November 2020

The article is devoted to comparing the chemical composition of extractive substances of the legs and caps of two types of saprotrophic fungi Lentinula edodes and Pholiota squarrosa. The content of metals: mercury, cadmium and iron in different parts of the mushrooms is compared in the article. The amount of substances recovered by various solvents is determined. The amount of ester-soluble substances is more found in caps than in stems. Water soluble substances are more extracted from P. squarrosa. Isopropyl alcohol extracts more substances from shiitake. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of neutral compounds, acids, and compounds of isopropanol extract was carried out by chromatography-mass spectrometry. Isopropyl alcohol mainly extracts disaccharides and sugar alcohols. It was revealed that the main sugar alcohols of L. edodes are mannitol and ribitol. Sugar alcohols content differs in different parts. Ribitol predominates in the stems. Shiitake caps contain mannitol and ribitol in equal amounts. Sugar alcohols are present in trace amounts in P. squarrosa, but trehalose (disaccharide) is the main component of the alcoholic extract. The compositions of fatty acids, sterols, carbohydrates and sugar alcohols in various parts of mushrooms were determined. Ergosterol predominates among sterols, while linoleic acid prevails among acids. Caps have a more diverse sterol composition. Both types of fungi contain polysaccharides consisting of glucose residues. It grows in P. squarrosa; mercury and cadmium accumulate in vivo. Wood-based shiitake grown in a greenhouse contains almost no mercury and cadmium, but contains iron. The amount of cadmium and mercury in the caps is greater than the stems. Metals are not extracted with isopropyl alcohol and are practically not extracted with hot water.
SYNTHESIS OF AZIDOCELLULOSE NITRATES
Authors: Romanova Svetlana Marsel'yevna , Sabirova Dinara Ilnurovna , Shulaev Maksim Vyacheslavovich
Published: November 2020

A synthesis method of azidocellulose nitrate by chemical interaction between cellulose nitrates or chlorocellulose nitrates with various degree of chlorination with sodium azide in a medium of dimethylsulfoxide and with heating in the temperature range 40–70 °C is proposed. The chemical composition, structure and properties of the obtained compounds are determined on the basis of combination of physico-chemical methods of analysis: IR, 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectroscopy; elemental analysis; gel permeation chromatography; viscometry; thermogravimetric analysis; differential scanning calorimetry; thermal polarization microscopy. The main directions of the chemical interaction between polymers and sodium azide were predicted by quantum-chemical methods using the Gaussian 09 software. The reaction mechanism was confirmed by a mathematical model of kinetics. The scheme of the preferred simultaneously going reaction directions has been composed, which includes substitution of nitrate groups by the azide fragment; rupture of polymer chains by β-glycosidic bond leading to depolymerization; opening of the glucopyranose cycle with addition of the azidogroup to the formed free bonds. Use of the chlorocellulose nitrate for the azidation allows to get products with a higher degree of substitution by azidogroups, and the rate of azidation of chlorocellulose nitrate depends on halogen content directly.
USE OF PHARMACEUTICAL WASTE IN PAPER INDUSTRY OF THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN
Authors: Babakhanova Khalima Abishevna , Galimova Zulfija Kamilovna , Abdunazarov Mansur Mekhridinovich
Published: November 2020

The article gives the consideration to the properties of paper with the addition of pulp mass from the waste of the pharmaceutical industry, namely licorice root after removing extraction. Licorice roots were dried to air-dry state after extraction, cleaned of wastes and cut into fragments 10–30 mm long, then subjected to pulping with 2–4% NaOH solution at a hydro module 1 : 5, at a temperature of 95–98 °С for 60–90 minutes. After washing with hot water, they are bleached in an alkaline medium with a solution of hydrogen peroxide at a consumption of 3–4% of the mass of absolutely dry cellulose, hydro module 1: 5, temperature 70–95 °C for 60–90 minutes. After washing, grinding to a gristing degree of ~60°ShR, prepared castings weighting 80–90 g/m2 on a leaf-casting mashine. Physical, mechanical and optical properties of experimental castings are determined. Revealed that the addition of malt mass of the cotton contributes  to the formation of dense orderly structures of the paper sheet, as short fibers of licorice filled the gaps between the long fibers of cotton pulp, thereby reducing the pore volume and reactive surface availability and receipt paper with the highest mechanical strength. Adding malt mass to cotton mass at a ratio of 10 : 2 is optimal, further replenishment contributes to an increase in sorption absorption, that is, to obtain paper with a porous structure, which is not desirable for high-quality reproduction.
PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS OF CEDAR WOOD (SIBERIAN PINE) PINUS SIBIRICA DU TOUR.
Authors: Fedorova Tat'yana Yevgen'yevna , Fedorov Sergey Vladimirovich , Babkin Vasily Anatolyevich
Published: November 2020

As part of the study of extractives of biomass of coniferous trees of Siberia in order to predict the possibility of obtaining valuable biologically active products, a study was conducted of the chemical composition of the ethyl acetate extract of cedar wood (Siberian pine) Pinus sibirica Du Tour. The chemical composition of the phenolic compounds of cedar wood was studied, including the structure of oligomeric polyphenols. The yields of extractives extracted with ethyl acetate and water from cedar wood were 1.6 and 2.71% of a.s. (absolutely dry matter). The content of phenolic compounds in the ethyl acetate extract of cedar wood was 45.9% rel. Based on 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy data, it was found that the main monomeric phenolic extractive substances of cedar wood are stilbene – pinosilvin monomethyl ether (content in cedar wood 0.25% of a.s.) and flavonoids – tectochrizin, pinocembrin, and pinobankxin, as well as oligomeric and polymeric phenolic compounds. It was shown that the composition of cedar wood oligomers includes a complex mixture of stilbene derivatives of pinosilvin and flavonoids with the inclusion of carbohydrate residues. The content of the fraction of oligomeric and polymeric phenolic compounds in cedar wood is 0.39% of a.s.
COMPARATIVE PHYTOCHEMICAL STUDY OF THE AERIAL PARTS OF THE WILD-GROWING AND CULTIVAT-ED CHICORY ORDINARY (CICHORIUM INTYBUS L.)
Authors: Saybel Ol'ga Leonidovna , Radimich Andrey Ivanovich , Adamov Grigoriy Vasil'yevich , Dargaeva Tamara Darizhapovna
Published: November 2020

The search for new plant species that are promising for use as a source of biologically active substances is an actual area of scientific research in the field of chemistry of natural compounds. The object of this study is the chicory (Cichorium intybus L.)

The purpose of our scientific research is to conduct a comparative phytochemical study of the aerial parts of wild-growing and cultivated chicory to establish differences in the qualitative composition and content of secondary metabolites.

As a result of studies by HPLC-MS, in the aerial part of a wild-growing plant, 10 compounds were identified esculletin, chicoriin, chicoric acid, chlorogenic acid, kaftaric acid, isochlorogenic A acid, caffeic acid, isoquercetin, astragalin, rutin. The dominant group of substances are oxycoumarins. The phenolic complex of the cultivated plant has a similar composition of secondary metabolites, however, its derivatives are hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives.

The quantitative content of phenolic compounds in the wild-growing chicory herb was 2.56±0.12%, cultivated – 4.14±0.21%.

Significant differences in the content and qualitative composition of phenolic compounds make it possible to use the chicory of a wild-growing and cultivated population to obtain pharmaceutical substances with various pharmacological effects.
DELIGNIFICATION AND PHYSICOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF NON-WOOD BIOMASS
Authors: Yelatontsev Dmitriy Aleksandrovich , Ivanyuk Elena Vladimirovna
Published: November 2020

The paper presents the of influence peroxide ammonium, alkali, nitric acid, organosolvent and "aqueous ammonia soaking" (AAS) delignification methods on the degree of removal of lignin from non-wood lignocellulosic waste walnut shell Juglans Regia L. and apricot seed Prunus Armeniaca L. It is shown that the maximum degree of delignification (94%) is achieved when processing raw materials with 42 wt% HNO3 and 20 wt% NaOH; the minimum is at peroxide-ammonia treatment (80%). We found that the greatest specific surface area (202 m2∙g-1) provided by the application 42 wt% HNO3, and a maximum iodine number (32 mg∙g-1) when using 25 wt% NH4OH. Delignification significantly increases the specific surface area (5 m2∙g-1 to 120–200 m2∙g-1) iodine number (6.35 mg∙g-1 to 25 to 32 mg∙g-1) of biomass, however, at 45–55% reduced exchange capacity of the material. The obtained cellulose intermediates having acceptable physical and chemical characteristics can be used for further preparation of available sorbents or ion exchange materials. In accordance with the principles of "green chemistry", it is proposed to dispose the spent delignification solutions from AAS and nitric acid methods in liquid nitrogen fertilizers producing.
ELEMENTAL COMPOSITION OF HERBAL TEAS STUDIED BY INSTRUMENTAL NEUTRON ACTIVATION ANAL-YSIS AND ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROMETRY
Authors: Lavrinenko Yuliya Valer'yevna , Plieva Anna Maratovna , Khristozova Gergana Yancheva , Frontas'yeva Marina Vladimirovna , Zin'kovskaya Inga , Tkachenko Kirill Gavriilovich
Published: November 2020

The plants that make up herbal tea have a complex chemical composition and can be related to drug collections and have various pharmacological properties that affect human health. In addition to organic acids, vitamins, flavonoids, essential oils, the medicinal properties of plants are affected by macro- and microelements included in their composition. Macronutrients and microelements determine the medicinal properties of plants, are substances necessary for human growth and normal development. The composition of seven herbal teas developed in the scientific center of the North Ossetian State University after K.L. Khetagurov, each of which contains from 3 to 8 plant components was analyzed. Plant material was collected in the summer of 2018 in the mountainous and foothill areas of North Ossetia (Central Caucasus). Using instrumental neutron activation analysis and atomic absorption spectrometry, the presence and determination of 37 elements was carried out for the first time in herbal teas (Na, Mg, Cl, K, Ca, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Zn, As, Se, Br, Rb, Sr, Mo, In, Sb, Cs, Ba, La, Ce, Sm, Tb, Hf, Ta, W, Au, Th, and U). The results are discussed in terms of using the studied herbal teas as a safe source of trace elements. Herbal teas can be used as functional foods that are not a drug, but replenish the human body with important compounds and elements that have a definite positive effect on the body.
THE STUDY OF ANTHOCYANINS OF CORN WITH DARK GRAIN
Authors: Valiyeva Leyla Sadraddin kyzy , Deyneka Viktor Ivanovich , Oleynits Yelena Yur'yevna , Rahimova Gul'shan Kagraman kyzy , Nabieva Natiga Asker kyzy
Published: November 2020

In corn grains, anthocyanins pigments accumulate – belonging to the class of flavanoids, products of the secondary metabolism of plants and which are low molecular weight antioxidants. Numerous epidemiological studies have shown that the use of foods rich in anthocyanins leads to a significant reduction in diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular and oncological diseases. Compared to an equal amount of vegetables and fruits containing anthocyanins, more of them are present in the grain in bound form. Participating in the metabolism in the lower parts of the gastrointestinal tract, they have a beneficial effect on maintaining health. To analyze the total content and determine the composition of anthocyanins in grains of 21 samples of corn from the collection of the National Gene Bank of Azerbaijan, in order to identify promising samples in breeding to increase the content of anthocyanins, we used the method of high-performance liquid chromatography with reverse phase (HPLC) with spectrophotometric and mass spectrometric detection. The grains of the test samples identified mainly cyanidin-3-glucoside and pelargonidin-3-glucoside, as well as the isomeric products of their mono- and diacylation with malonic acid. Pelargonidin-3-glucoside derivatives prevailed in the grain extracts of some of the samples studied. Corn samples were selected as starting material for further breeding work to create local forms of corn with improved nutritional and therapeutic properties.
COMPONENT COMPOSITION AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF ESSENTIAL OIL OF LIGULARIA HETEROPHYLLA RUPR.
Authors: Makubayeva Aigerim , Romanenko Elena Petrovna , Adekenov Sergazy Mynzhasarovich , Tkachev Aleksey Vasil'yevich
Published: November 2020

The object of the study – the raw material of Ligularia heterophylla Rupr., collected in 2019 in the Almaty region of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The component compositions of essential oils from the aerial and underground parts of Ligularia heterophylla Rupr., obtained by methods of microwave extraction, as well as traditional hydrodistillation, were studied for the first time. Essential oils represented as mobile liquids from light yellow to green shade with characteristic odors. The component composition was determined by chromato-mass spectrometry on an Agilent 6890 gas chromatograph equipped with a MSD 5973 mass-selective detector. Essential oils obtained by the hydrodistillation method contain mainly monoterpenes, while sesquiterpenes predominate in the essential oils obtained by microwave extraction. The antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activity of Ligularia heterophylla Rupr. essential oil samples was studied for the first time. The essential oil from the underground part (roots) of Ligularia heterophylla Rupr., obtained by microwave extraction method, at a dose of 25 mg/kg, has a pronounced anti-inflammatory activity, comparable to the drug «Diclofenac sodiumа» in the model of acute exudative reaction.
DOMESTIC VIOLENCE AGAINST MEN: SIMPLE JOY OR PURE REALITY?
Authors: Herculano Maria Aparecida Feitosa Cândido , Sousa Allex Sobral , Sousa Carmelita Maria Silva , Queiroz Iasmin Belém Silva , Pimentel Maria Zildanê Cândido Feitosa , Lima Maria Nailê Cândido Feitoza de , Pimentel João Pedro Cândido , Dominguês Carolina Cândido , Santana Willma José de , Luz Dayse Christina Rodrigues Pereira
Published: November 2020

Abstract: Objective: To describe data on domestic violence against men. Method: This is an integrative literature review, carried out in the Scientific Electronic Electronic Library Online (SciELO), LILACS, and Capes Acadêmico portal between the years 2015 and 2020, with articles published in Portuguese, English and Spanish. 456 articles were found, of which 8 were selected and used in this review. The results showed that the man is also a victim of domestic violence suffering physical, psychological and sexual aggression. The aggressors are wives, mothers, sisters and daughters. Among the men attacked are husbands, brother children and sometimes the father himself. Men who are victims of domestic violence do not seek justice for two reasons: a) they do not believe that legal measures are taken, b) a complaint would expose them to society, which would be humiliating for them. Another important data from the results shows that the Maria da Penha Law, which supports women who are victims of men's violence, is not applicable when the actors are the same, however, the roles are reversed. Final considerations: Studies on this theme are scarce, which suggests the realization of new research as it is a subject of recognized scientific and social relevance. Keywords: Gender-based violence. Domestic violence. Genre. Man.
Avaliação da qualidade das águas superficiais e do sistema de tratamento do esgoto sanitário do município de Rio Claro/SP
Authors: Moraes Renata Xavier Lona de , Yabuki Lauren Nozomi Marques , Queluz João Gabriel Thomaz , Garcia Marcelo Loureiro
Published: November 2020

A manutenção da qualidade da água é fundamental, tendo em vista que somente uma parcela reduzida do seu volume total está disponível para utilização direta. O lançamento de efluentes fora dos padrões de qualidade pode agravar significativamente esse cenário. O gerenciamento correto de águas residuárias torna-se ainda mais importante em períodos de crise hídrica, para a qual uma solução é o reuso por meio de tratamento avançado. Assim, foi objetivo deste trabalho avaliar o padrão de qualidade de águas do município de Rio Claro (SP). Ao longo dos rios Corumbataí e Ribeirão Claro, cinco pontos foram analisados em relação a diversos parâmetros de qualidade de águas, em trechos que abrangiam tanto a montante de pontos de captação de água, quanto a jusante de lançamento de esgotos tratados.Os resultados obtidos foram comparados às legislações vigentes sobre os temas, para averiguar a conformidade com os padrões estabelecidos. O Índice de Qualidade das Águas foi apresentado com a classificação boa em praticamente todos os pontos, exceto o ponto mais a jusante do município que obteve a classificação regular. As concentrações de alumínio dissolvido e ferro dissolvido apresentaram-se acima dos limites estabelecidos pela legislação no ano de 2018 em todos os pontos, especialmente no período chuvoso. Nos períodos de 2010-2014 e 2013-2017: os valores de Escherichia coli ultrapassaram os limites legais também para todas as localizações, com os piores resultados para os dois pontos a jusante; os valores mais elevados para condutividade elétrica, demanda bioquímica de oxigênio e fósforo total foram obtidos nos dois pontos a jusante, acima dos limites. Para os dados referentes ao sistema de tratamento de esgoto do município, foram demonstradas elevadas eficiências na remoção de matéria orgânica.
Análise do potencial de lixiviação do inseticida sulfoxaflor em solos
Authors: Marques Jonathas Gomes de Carvalho , Montenegro Suzana Maria Gico Lima , Lyra Marilia Regina Costa Castro , Nascimento Rogéria Mendes do , Silva José Antônio Aleixo da
Published: November 2020

A utilização de agrotóxicos na agricultura é justificada pela necessidade de eliminação de diversas pragas, todavia, pode promover contaminação ambiental. Dentre esses produtos, está o princípio ativo sulfoxaflor, desenvolvido pela empresa Dow Agrosciences, atingindo grande sucesso no combate aos parasitas que se alimentam de seiva. Porém, tal composto é capaz de atingir negativamente espécies não-alvo, como formigas, minhocas e abelhas. Poucos estudos avaliaram a relação entre o sulfoxaflor e os recursos hídricos, especificamente os subterrâneos. Assim, a presente pesquisa visou analisar o potencial de tal agrotóxico em lixiviar no perfil do solo, atingindo os aquíferos. Para tanto, valeu-se de quatro modelos analíticos que, com parâmetros físico-químicos, fornecem output válido, que servem de base para estudos futuros mais aprofundados, são eles: GSI, LIX, RLPI e LEACH. Os quatro índices indicaram, cada um em seu espectro de valores, que o sulfoxaflor tem capacidade de lixiviar. GSI se destacou, pois alocou-o em classe de maior probabilidade de percolação. Ressalta-se, porém, que este estudo é preliminar, sugerindo-se análises mais robustas para que as conclusões a respeito dos impactos do uso e lixiviação do inseticida para os recursos hídricos subterrâneos sejam confirmadas.
Towards recognising practitioners working in out-of-home care as experts in everyday life: A conceptual critique
Authors: Cameron Claire
Published: November 2020

This conceptual critique elaborates on the phrase ‘experts in everyday life’, which the author first used in 2015 in connection with recognising the contribution of foster carers and residential care workers to the education of children in out-of-home care (OHC). The article examines the case for greater recognition of the children’s workforce in OHC, and situates the concept of ‘expertise’ in the rise of recognition of children’s status as competent social actors, as well as in professionalisation debates. The article examines two examples, drawing on the author’s prior research in residential care and foster care, of expertise in everyday life in OHC. It concludes that, viewed from a social pedagogical perspective, expertise in everyday life refers to the complex milieu, or environment, in which the activity is taking place, as well as the relational encounters and activities themselves. It refers to the capacity for supporting young people in the mundaneness and predictability of everyday events and routines. Recognition of practitioners as experts in everyday life is not a substitute for changes to the structural conditions of employment but is a first step towards it.
Postfutbolowa pedagogika i jej aplikacje w analizie edukacyjnych zjawisk
Authors: Śliwerski Bogusław
Published: November 2020

For the author of the text, football is not only a reference to the most recent publications in education sociology and cultural anthropology on this sport in the lives of postmodern societies, but also a metaphor for an analysis of selected issues of the educational policy and higher educations in Poland.
„Nieobecny ojciec” – casus rodzin nieletnich przestępców
Authors: Bernasiewicz Maciej , Noszczyk-Bernasiewicz Monika
Published: November 2020

The studies presented in the article show the presence and quality of the male model of the guardian in the life of juvenile delinquents. The biographies of 26 boys and 34 girls (juvenile delinquents) were studied. The text attempts to prove the thesis that the absence of the father in the upbringing of the child (his physical as well as emotional absence) has serious consequences in the children’s moral development. On the other hand, a presence of a criminal father constitutes an equally strong predictor of juvenile delinquency.
Fotografia w badaniach nad stygmą społeczną. Wnioski metodologiczne z badań nad stygmatyzacją osób, które popełniły przestępstwo
Authors: Chomczyński Piotr
Published: November 2020

The goal of this paper is to present some preliminary methodological conclusions from research on social stigmatization of people who served time in prisons. It mainly discusses some patterns that underlie the process of photography interpretation made by interviewees within the techniques of in-depth interview and focus group interview. To characterize the research tools, contexts and circumstances of research are indicated which are important for the understanding of the outcomes obtained. The results are based on an analysis of forty in-depth interviews and eight focus group interview sessions.As this article is methodological in character, the problem of stigmatization as a subject of social rese-arch is only indicated as a context of the analyses presented in this paper.
Znaczenie relacji przywiązania w cyklu życia człowieka. Analiza wybranych aspektów bliskich relacji
Authors: Matysiak-Błaszczyk Agata , Jankowiak Barbara
Published: November 2020

The article analyzes the significanceof attachment relations for the ability to enter into close relations in the human life cycle. The secure attachment style which develops on the basis of the primordial relation between mother (or a guardian) and the child in the firststages of life is the cornerstone of future intimate relations and a resource which facilitates successful dealing with developmental tasks in interpersonal dependency relations. During the childhood, it contributes to the development of the relation of trust and dependence, during the adolescence to the growth of new extra-family relations and in adulthood to the co-creation with the partner of an intimate love relationship.
Obraz młodzieży w filmie– jako impuls do namysłu nad kondycją tożsamości współczesnych nastolatków
Authors: Myszka-Strychalska Lucyna
Published: November 2020

The dynamic transformations of the contemporary reality oblige the subject to engage in permanent self-creation and search of their place in the world. Technological development and the increasing role of the pictorial message in socio-cultural life significantlyimpact the individual’s perception of the external environment. A wide filmoffer, an essential element of popular culture, creates both a fictionalimage of the postmodern world and strives to reflectits real image, including the youth participating in its space. In the face of this sketched perspective, a question arises: “To what extent is the image of a young man shown in filmsconsistent with his real face?” and “To what extent does the image of a teenager in a movie affect his own ‘ego’”?
Młode kobiety w gangach: między wiktymizacją a maskulinizacją
Authors: Andraszczyk Wojciech
Published: November 2020

In this paper I will try to present a selection of contexts of young women’s functioning in the gangs. Gangs are traditionally associated with a male identity and a masculine type of criminality, therefore a female participation in the gangs breaks up completely with the essentialist image of femininity and denies the dichotomous division of sexes. A woman as a member of a gang, with her violence oriented attitude and masculinised identity put all the former ideals into question. In this article I will also make reference to the myths concerning female gangs, which among others refer to the conviction that their female members play a secondary part, being a sort of “sattelites” to the male gangsters. Moreover, I will reconstruct the role of the female members of a gang in its structure, as well as the process of women dropping out of a gang.
Ograniczone przestrzenie i próby ich poszerzania u uczniów o specjalnych potrzebach edukacyjnych. Włączanie w aktywność społeczną nieletnich przejawiających problemy adaptacyjne
Authors: Dąbrowska Anna , Marek-Banach Joanna
Published: November 2020

The problem of the educational needs of students in educational and rehabilitation institutions and the relationship between social maladjustment and school failures is an important theoretical and practical issue. For a long time, the Polish system of education of children and youth has been subjected to criticism. It has been claimed that the curriculum is intended for talented individuals, who usually receive additional support, for example in the form of participation in extracurricular activities or support offered directly from their parents. The maladjusted students in educational and rehabilitation institutions are far worse off. Their school failures, learning difficulties,as well as behavior at variance with acceptable social norms, lack of parents’ interest, upbringing in pathological or dysfunctional family or even conflictwith the law are the accumulation of specificfactors and needs to be met. The professional way of working with this type of youth therefore requires comprehensive studies, which on the one hand offset educational deficitsand on the other hand focus on rehabilitation interactions. The anticipated effect of this kind of holistic approach is the active social participation of a juvenile following a change in behavior (refraining from deviant behavior) and an explicit willingness to develop a specific competence aiming at life stabilization
„Skazani na samotność?” O konsekwencjach izolacji społecznej w wybranych jej kontekstach
Authors: Skibińska Bożena
Published: November 2020

Today, disturbingly often, it is possible to witnesses the effects of stigma and exclusion not only of the individual, but of whole groups of people, the result of reinforced, persistent stereotypes and prejudices about the subjects mentioned. They cause wrong social attitudes, expressed by the deprivation of the isolated persons of their rights to create and nurture relationships based on closeness and love, and often doom these people to a life of total seclusion. This article is an attempt to show the far-reaching consequences of depriving persons with intellectual disabilities and denying the right of self-expression. It is also a critical reflectionon the irregularities experienced by people, towards whom it is introduced, in terms of institutional isolation. At the same time, by presenting the results of personal research and conclusions, attention is being drawn to the fact that in our society there is an emerging hope for positive changes in the daily treatment of the socially isolated individuals. Yet, there is a constant need for a continuous reinforcement of the public awareness of the fact that the reintegration of these excluded individuals in the community benefits both the parties involvedTaking up the theme of stigma and social exclusion of persons with intellectual disabilities and convicts is considered important and relevant, as this is an issue which remains topical and gives rise to multiple moral dilemmas.
Rozumienie narracyjne w perspektywie interakcjonizmu interpretatywnego, poznania hermeneutycznego i refleksji fenomenologicznej
Authors: Krawczyk-Bocian Amelia
Published: November 2020

The conceptual category of the reasoning narrative is the starting point for the considerations presented. Looking at the concept through the prism of interpretative interactionism and the phenomenological and hermeneutic approach helps to discover the meaning and significanceof each of the perspectives for the discovery of wealth of understanding of everything that the human person is involved in and of the world he resides in, creates and converts to his own needs. The considerations in the text stress the importance of human reflection,ability to retrace feelings in the individual biography and of being able to interpret one’s own experiences. Presenting these considerations in the biographic-narrative orientation reveals the essence of understanding of the issues discussed in the article from the perspective of the experiencing subject.
Znaczenie pracy zawodowej dla osób po 60. roku życia
Authors: Pikuła Norbert G.
Published: November 2020

The paper presents the results of research related to the importance of occupational work for retired people. Secondary data analysis was used. The results of the study were presented in two perspectives: the importance of work during the working life and after retirement age and retirement.
Makdonaldyzacja polskiego systemu edukacyjnego
Authors: Welskop Wojciech
Published: November 2020

McDonaldization is present in many areas of social life and its various attributes like efficiency,calculability, predictability, and control determine the rhythm of human activity in society. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the educational system in Poland from the perspective of the McDonaldization phenomenon, thereby drawing attention to the role of the consumer culture in the fieldof education and to show the progress of the globalization process and its side effects in this field.
Deficyty gotowości szkolnej przedszkolaka – można im łatwo zapobiec. Od zintegrowanej diagnozy do skutecznego wspierania rozwoju dziecka
Authors: Suchodolska Jolanta
Published: November 2020

The levels of skills, abilities and adaptability achieved by a child within a kindergarten community becomes a natural entry pass to participate in a wider peer community which is formed by children taking up the challenge of school education. The differences between children starting school education are visible in the fieldof broadly construed self-reliance (spatial, manual, self-service, task-based) and in numerous abilities to react, communicate and learn, gained and improved within the first6 years of life. They can result from the multiple factors connected with the child’s diversifiedpotential, the degree to which the child’s social and educational needs are taken care of. Furthermore, there are exogenous factors involved which affect the pace and character of the development process in an unusually individualized way, which in turn heavily depends on the specificsituation and the upbrin-ging methods applied. All of the above result in a situation where the differences in an individual’s readiness for school become a crucial parametric indicator which, when disregarded, can expose the child to failures during his attempts to adapt to a new environment until optimal conditions are created to enable the child to achieve success.This study provides the proposals to be used while trying to provide support for the child’s individual development and aims at protecting the child from failures at the beginning of school education or eliminating the risk of exclusion connected with the existing failures.
Pojmowanie emocji i znaczenie działań muzycznych w ich rozwijaniu u dziecka w młodszym wieku szkolnym
Authors: Kłysz-Sokalska Natalia
Published: November 2020

Emotional education in Poland is superficial,accidental and at times intuitive. Lack of emotional education classes and the governments’ low support of teachers have a negative effect on the treatment of emotional education as important in the development of a child in an early school age. Teachers, by trial and error, try to solve problems on the basis of their effect rather than cause, which often lies in the student’s emotions. Separating emotions from “rational” thinking is a pedagogical mistake. An adult’s awareness of the cognitive nature of emotion can affect not only the leveling up of emotional disorders, but also has impact on the child’s overall cognitive development. By using the most natural activities of music and movement, the student develops his emotionality with the verbalization of emotional experience. Awareness of the emotions experiences as well as their correct naming is the key to the success of emotional education for students.
Child from Single Parent Family in Preschool Environment – a Theoretical Outline and Practical Tips
Authors: Schmidt Anna
Published: November 2020

Nowadays, the subject of a family is often mentioned and researched. It’s needs, transformations, crisis, roles and functioning are widely discussed. It is indeed a very complex issue. The article present the theoretical background and mention diverse sources concerning issues such as: single families, preschool environment, child development, single parenting – definitionsand models, pre-school environment, child development, challenges and support for a child from single parent family in a kindergarten. The great role of teacher-educator and other specialists, but also working with institutions in the process of supporting the family. In the text the organization of comprehensive assistance for the child was also highlighted. In conclusion, the author referred to the results of her mini-resources and pointed to the need to support the child in the area of emotional and social functioning, which in case of children from single parent family is particularly vulnerable and shaky.
Seniorzy na terenach wiejskich – możliwości i ograniczenia rozwoju
Authors: Sienkiewicz-Wilowska Julia Anastazja
Published: November 2020

Late adulthood is a time when the elderly living in rural areas are especially at risk of exclusion. Very often they have difficultiesaccessing aid institutions and activities which are designed specificallyfor them. Often their functioning depends on good relations with neighbors and the family. Opportunities to increase their social participation and use of their resources include the activities of organizations such as the Rural Housewives’ Circle, or entrusting them with the function of local community leaders.