bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Genome-wide association analysis reveals new insights into the genetic architecture of defensive, agro-morphological and quality-related traits in cassava
Authors: Rabbi Ismail Yusuf , Kayondo Siraj Ismail , Bauchet Guillaume , Yusuf Muyideen , Aghogho Cynthia Idhigu , Ogunpaimo Kayode , Uwugiaren Ruth , Smith Ikpan Andrew , Peteti Prasad , Agbona Afolabi , Parkes Elizabeth , Lydia Ezenwaka , Wolfe Marnin , Jannink Jean-Luc , Egesi Chiedozie , Kulakow Peter
Published: April 2020

Cassava (Manihot esculenta) is one of the most important starchy root crops in the tropics due to its adaptation to marginal environments. Genetic progress in this clonally propagated crop can be accelerated through the discovery of markers and candidate genes that could be used in cassava breeding programs. We carried out a genome-wide association study (GWAS) using a panel of 5,310 clones developed at the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture - Nigeria. The population was genotyped at more than 100,000 SNP markers via genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS). Genomic regions underlying genetic variation for 14 traits classified broadly into four categories: biotic stress (cassava mosaic disease and cassava green mite severity); quality (dry matter content and carotenoid content) and plant agronomy (harvest index and plant type). We also included several agro-morphological traits related to leaves, stems and roots with high heritability. In total, 41 significant associations were uncovered. While some of the identified loci matched with those previously reported, we present additional association signals for the traits. We provide a catalogue of favourable alleles at the most significant SNP for each trait-locus combination and candidate genes occurring within the GWAS hits. These resources provide a foundation for the development of markers that could be used in cassava breeding programs and candidate genes for functional validation.
Alpha-synuclein supports interferon stimulated gene expression in neurons
Authors: Massey Aaron R. , Monogue Brendan , Chen Yixi , Lesteberg Kelsey , Johnson Michaela E. , Bergkvist Liza , Steiner Jennifer A. , Ma Jiyan , Mahalingam Ravi , Kleinschmidt-Demasters B.K. , Escobar Galvis Martha L , Brundin Patrik , Kunath Tilo , Beckham J. David
Published: April 2020

The protein alpha-synuclein (asyn) is predominantly expressed in neurons and is associated with neurodegenerative diseases like Parkinson’s disease (PD); yet, a functional role for asyn in neurons is not clearly established. We have previously shown that asyn expression is up-regulated following viral infection in neurons and is critical for host immune responses to RNA virus infections. Here, we investigate the mechanisms underlying asyn-dependent immune responses to RNA virus infection in the brain. Using asyn knock-out (KO) mice and human neuronal models, we show that asyn is required for expression of the full repertoire of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) in neurons following acute RNA virus infection. Furthermore, treatment of asyn KO human neurons with poly I:C or type I interferon also fail to induce expression of the full complement of ISGs suggesting that asyn plays an important role in modulating neuronal innate immune responses. In brain tissue, asyn-dependent ISG expression is independent of microglia activation and supports activation of infiltrating lymphocytes following viral challenge. We also show that virus infections lead to accumulation of phosphorylated S129 asyn in human and non-human primate neuronal tissues. In a model of pS129 asyn pathology, we found that infection with West Nile virus increases microglia activation but does not significantly alter pS129 asyn pathology in the mouse model. Taken together, our results establish asyn as a novel, neuron-specific modulator of innate immunity by a mechanism that promotes interferon-stimulated gene expression and links responses to virus infection with formation of phosphorylated S129-asyn in neuronal tissue.
Computational investigation for modelling the protein-protein interaction of TasA(28-261)– TapA(33-253): a decisive process in biofilm formation byBacillus subtilis
Authors: Verma Nidhi , Srivastava Shubham , Malik Ruchi , Yadav Jay Kant , Goyal Pankaj , Pandey Janmejay
Published: April 2020

Biofilms have significant role in microbial persistence, antibiotic resistance and chronic infections; consequently, there is a pressing need for development of novel “anti-biofilm strategies”. One of the fundamental mechanisms involved in biofilm formation is protein-protein interactions of ‘amyloid like proteins’ (ALPs) in extracellular matrix. Such interactions could be potential targets for development of novel anti-biofilm strategies; therefore, assessing the structural features of these interactions could be of great scientific value. Characterization of biomolecular interaction with conventional structure biology tools including X-Ray diffraction and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance is technically challenging, expensive and time-consuming. In contrast, modelling such interactions is time-efficient, economical and might provide deeper understanding of structural basis of interactions. Therefore, during the present study, protein-protein interaction of TasA(28-261)–TapA(33-253)(which is a decisive process for biofilm formation byBacillus subtilis) was modeled usingin silicoapproaches viz., molecular modelling, protein-protein docking and molecular dynamics simulations. Results identified amino-acid residues present within intrinsically disordered regions of both proteins to be critical for interaction. These results were further supported with PCA and FEL analyses. Results presented here represent novel finding and we hypothesize that aa identified during the present study could be targeted for inhibition of biofilm formation byB. subtilis.
Experimental evolution of virulence and associated traits in aDrosophila melanogaster–Wolbachiasymbiosis
Authors: Monnin David , Kremer Natacha , Michaud Caroline , Villa Manon , Henri Hélène , Desouhant Emmanuel , Vavre Fabrice
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Evolutionary theory predicts that vertically transmitted symbionts are selected for low virulence, as their fitness is directly correlated to that of their host. In contrast with this prediction, theWolbachiastrainwMelPop drastically reduces itsDrosophila melanogasterhost lifespan at high rearing temperatures. It is generally assumed that this feature is maintained because theD. melanogaster–wMelPop symbiosis is usually not exposed to environmental conditions in which the symbiont is virulent. To test this hypothesis, we submittedwMelPop-infectedD. melanogasterlines to 17 generations of experimental evolution at a high temperature, while enforcing late reproduction by artificial selection. The fly survival was measured at different time points, as well as two traits that have been proposed to be causally responsible forwMelPop virulence: its relative density and the mean number of copies of octomom, an 8-genes region of theWolbachiagenome. We hypothesised that these conditions (high temperature and late reproduction) would select for a reducedwMelPop virulence, a reducedwMelPop density, and a reduced octomom copy number. Our results indicate that density, octomom copy number and virulence are correlated to each other. However, contrary to our expectations, we could not detect any reduction in virulence during the course of evolution. We discuss the significance of our results with respect to the evolutionary causes ofwMelPop virulence.
Dynamics-driven allostery underlies pre-activation of the regulatory Ca2+-ATPase/phospholamban complex
Authors: Raguimova Olga N. , Aguayo-Ortiz Rodrigo , Robia Seth L. , Espinoza-Fonseca L. Michel
Published: April 2020

Sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA) and phospholamban (PLB) are essential for intracellular Ca2+transport in myocytes. Ca2+-dependent activation of SERCA–PLB provides a rheostat function that regulates cytosolic and SR Ca2+levels. While experimental and computational studies alone have led to a greater insight into the mechanisms for SERCA–PLB regulation, the structural changes induced by Ca2+binding and how those are communicated to couple enzymatic activity with active transport remain poorly understood. Therefore, we have performed atomistic simulations totaling 32.7 μs and cell-based intramolecular fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) experiments to determine structural changes of PLB-bound SERCA in response to Ca2+binding. Complementary simulations and experiments showed structural disorder underlies PLB inhibition of SERCA, and Ca2+binding is sufficient to shift the protein population toward a structurally ordered state of the complex. This structural transition results in a redistribution of structural states toward a partially closed conformation of SERCA’s cytosolic headpiece. Closure is accompanied by functional interactions between the N-domain β5-β6 loop and the A-domain. Regulation of these key structural elements indicate that Ca2+is a critical mediator of allosteric signaling that dictates structural changes and motions that pre-activate SERCA–PLB. These findings provide direct support that dynamically driven protein allostery underlies PLB regulation of SERCA. These functional insights at unprecedented spatiotemporal resolution suggest a general modular architecture mechanism for dynamic regulation of the SERCA–PLB complex. Understanding these mechanisms is of paramount importance to guide therapeutic modulation of SERCA and other evolutionarily related ion-motive ATPases.
Rhythmic temperature control in a homeothermic plant: A field study of thermogenic Japanese skunk cabbage,Symplocarpus renifolius
Authors: Tanimoto Haruka , Shibutani Taiga , Goto Kota , Ito Kikukatsu
Published: April 2020

The spadices of skunk cabbage (Symplocarpus renifolius) can generate heat and maintain an internal temperature of about 23°C, even when the ambient air temperature drops below freezing. In this study, we continuously measured the spadix temperatures of skunk cabbage together with ambient air temperatures during March 2019 in their natural habitat in northern Honshu on Japan’s main island. Using Fourier transform we showed that the temperature of the thermogenic spadix oscillates over a period of approximately 60 min. Our data suggest that Japanese skunk cabbage possesses a novel timekeeping mechanism that may be associated with a homeothermic control of this plant.
Genome-wide identification and transcriptional analyses of MATE transporter genes in root tips of wildCicerspp. under aluminium stress
Authors: Zhang Xia , Weir Brayden , Wei Hongru , Deng Zhiwei , Zhang Xiaoqi , Zhang Yujuan , Xu Xuexin , Zhao Changxing , Berger Jens D. , Vance Wendy , Bell Richard , Jia Yong , Li Chengdao
Published: April 2020

Chickpea is an economically important legume crop with high nutritional value in human diets. Aluminium-toxicity poses a significant challenge for the yield improvement of this increasingly popular crop in acidic soils. The wild progenitors of chickpea may provide a more diverse gene pool for Al-tolerance in chickpea breeding. However, the genetic basis of Al-tolerance in chickpea and its wild relatives remains largely unknown. Here, we assessed the Al-tolerance of six selected wildCiceraccessions by measuring the root elongation in solution culture under control (0 µM Al3+) and Al-treatment (30 µM Al3+) conditions. Al-treatment significantly reduced the root elongation in all target lines compared to the control condition after 2-day’s growth. However, the relative reduction of root elongation in different lines varied greatly: 3 lines still retained significant root growth under Al-treatment, whilst another 2 lines displayed no root growth at all. We performed genome-wide identification of multidrug and toxic compound extrusion (MATE) encoding genes in theCicergenome. A total of 56 annotated MATE genes were identified, which divided into 4 major phylogeny groups (G1-4). Four homologues to lupinLaMATE(> 50% aa identity; namedCaMATE1-4) were clustered with previously characterised MATEs related to Al-tolerance in various other plants. qRT-PCR showed thatCaMATE2transcription in root tips was significantly up-regulated upon Al-treatment in all target lines, whilstCaMATE1was up-regulated in all lines except Bari2_074 and Deste_064, which coincided with the lines displaying no root growth under Al-treatment. Transcriptional profiling in fiveCicertissues revealed thatCaMATE1is specifically transcribed in the root tissue, further supporting its role in Al-detoxification in roots. This first identification of MATE-encoding genes associated with Al-tolerance inCicerpaves the ways for future functional characterization of MATE genes inCicerspp., and to facilitate future design of gene-specific markers for Al-tolerant line selection in chickpea breeding programs.
Asparagine accumulation in chicory storage roots is controlled by translocation and feedback regulation of asparagine biosynthesis in leaves
Authors: Soares Emanoella , Shumbe Leonard , Dauchot Nicholas , Notté Christine , Prouin Claire , Maudoux Olivier , Vanderschuren Hervé
Published: April 2020

The presence of acrylamide (AA), a potentially carcinogenic and neurotoxic compound, in food has become a major concern for public health. AA in plant-derived food mainly arises from the reaction of the amino acid asparagine (Asn) and reducing sugars during processing of foodstuffs at high temperature.

Using a selection of genotypes from the chicory germplasm we performed Asn measurements in storage roots and leaves to identify genotypes contrasting for Asn accumulation. We combined molecular analysis and grafting experiments to show that leaf to root translocation controls asparagine biosynthesis and accumulation in chicory storage roots.

We could demonstrate that Asn accumulation in storage roots depends on Asn biosynthesis and transport from the leaf, and that a negative feedback loop by Asn onCiASN1expression impacts Asn biosynthesis in leaves.

Our results provide a new model for asparagine biosynthesis in root crop species and highlight the importance of characterizing and manipulating asparagine transport to reduce AA content in processed plant-based foodstuffs.
The crystal structure of the TonB-dependent transporter YncD reveals a positively charged substrate-binding site
Authors: Grinter Rhys , Lithgow Trevor
Published: April 2020

The outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria is highly impermeable to hydrophilic molecules of larger than 600 Da, protecting these bacteria from toxins present in the environment. In order to transport nutrients across this impermeable membrane, Gram-negative bacteria utilize a diverse family of outer-membrane proteins called TonB-dependent transporters. The majority of the members of this family transport iron-containing substrates. However, it is becoming increasingly clear that TonB-dependent transporters target chemically diverse substrates. In this work, the structure and phylogenetic distribution of the TonB-dependent transporter YncD are investigated. It is shown that while YncD is present in some enteropathogens, including Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp., it is also widespread in Gammaproteobacteria and Betaproteobacteria of environmental origin. The structure of YncD was determined, showing that despite a distant evolutionary relationship, it shares structural features with the ferric citrate transporter FecA, including a compact positively charged substrate-binding site. Despite these shared features, it is shown that YncD does not contribute to the growth of E. coli in pure culture under iron-limiting conditions or with ferric citrate as an iron source. Previous studies of transcriptional regulation in E. coli show that YncD is not induced under iron-limiting conditions and is unresponsive to the ferric uptake regulator (Fur). These observations, combined with the data presented here, suggest that YncD is not responsible for the transport of an iron-containing substrate.
Climatically and culturally responsive typologies using mathematical permutation
Authors: Mushtaha Emad S. , Al-Zwaylif Samar , Ghalib Sarah
Published: April 2020

Purpose

This research introduces a hypothesis for establishing typologies and patterns for architectural plans based on their climate, culture and orientation. The repetition and reproduction of spaces in architectural plans are rooted in mathematical equations. Factorial and permutation formulae are the type of equations used as scientific tools to define typology. In addition, a new perspective on culture and privacy in line with the Arabic house is included to illustrate the practicality of restricted plans according to cultural needs.

Design/methodology/approach

To make the approach accessible, the theory is integrated into a software using C++ as the programming tool. Accordingly, all patterns and typologies are reproduced by inserting digits or numbers to simulate the process of using permutations and factorials for the creation of diagrammatic patterns and, subsequently, architectural plans.

Findings

The authors recommend that this method be integrated in future housing studies at earlier stages to obtain a high number of alternatives for architectural plans. The results of mathematical permutation of this study will help architects and designers to evolve their methods and processes through creating alternative patterns and culture (and climate)-specific typologies to provide more design possibilities.

Originality/value

This study is set to improve the adjacency diagram theory into the adjacency diagram with orientation theory, which accounts for the geographical orientation to obtain more comprehensive and climate-responsive patterns.
Two-way coupling of thin shell finite element magnetic models via an iterative subproblem method
Authors: Dang Vuong Quoc , Geuzaine Christophe
Published: April 2020

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to deal with the correction of the inaccuracies near edges and corners arising from thin shell models by means of an iterative finite element subproblem method. Classical thin shell approximations of conducting and/or magnetic regions replace the thin regions with impedance-type transmission conditions across surfaces, which introduce errors in the computation of the field distribution and Joule losses near edges and corners.

Design/methodology/approach

In the proposed approach local corrections around edges and corners are coupled to the thin shell models in an iterative procedure (each subproblem being influenced by the others), allowing to combine the efficiency of the thin shell approach with the accuracy of the full modelling of edge and corner effects.

Findings

The method is based on a thin shell solution in a complete problem, where conductive thin regions have been extracted and replaced by surfaces but strongly neglect errors on computation of the field distribution and Joule losses near edges and corners.

Research limitations/implications

This model is only limited to thin shell models by means of an iterative finite element subproblem method.

Originality/value

The developed method is considered to couple subproblems in two-way coupling correction, where each solution is influenced by all the others. This means that an iterative procedure between the subproblems must be required to obtain an accurate (convergence) solution that defines as a series of corrections.
Critical assessment of construction contract administration using fuzzy structural equation modeling
Authors: Gunduz Murat , Elsherbeny Hesham Ahmed
Published: April 2020

Purpose

This paper covers the development of a multidimensional contract administration performance model (CAPM) for construction projects. The proposed CAPM is intended to be used by the industry stakeholders to measure the construction contract administration (CCA) performance and identify the strengths and weaknesses of the CCA system for running or completed projects.

Design/methodology/approach

The research design follows a sequential mixed methodology of qualitative and quantitative data collection and analysis. In the first phase, contract administration indicators were collected from relevant literature. In the second phase, an online questionnaire was prepared, and data were collected and analyzed using the crisp value of fuzzy membership function, and structural equation modeling (SEM). The fuzzy set was chosen for this study due to the presence of uncertainty and fuzziness associated with the importance of several key indicators affecting the CCA performance. Finally, SEM was used to test and analyze interrelationships among constructs of CCA performance.

Findings

The data collected from 336 construction professionals worldwide through an online survey was utilized to develop the fuzzy structural equation model. The goodness-of-fit and reliability tests validated the model. The study concluded a significant correlation between CCA performance, CCA operational indicators, and the process groups.

Originality/value

The contribution of this paper to the existing knowledge is the development of a fuzzy structural equation model that serves as a measurement tool for the contract administration performance. This is the first quantitative structural equation model to capture contract administration performance. The model consists of 93 Construction Contract Administration(CCA) performance indicators categorized into 11 project management process groups namely: project governance and start-up; team management; communication and relationship management; quality and acceptance management; performance monitoring and reporting management; document and record management; financial management; changes and control management; claims and dispute resolution management; contract risk management and contract closeout management.
Incorporating aleatory and epistemic uncertainties in the modelling of construction duration
Authors: Ahmadu Hassan Adaviriku , Ibrahim Ahmed Doko , Ibrahim Yahaya Makarfi , Adogbo Kulomri Jipato
Published: April 2020

Purpose

This study aims to develop a model which incorporates the impact of both aleatory and epistemic uncertainties into construction duration predictions, in a manner that is consistent with the nature/quality of information available about various factors which bring about uncertainties.

Design/methodology/approach

Data relating to 178 completed Tertiary Education Trust Fund (TETfund) building construction projects were obtained from construction firms via questionnaire survey. Using 90% of the data, the model was developed in the form of a hybrid-based algorithm implemented through a suitable user-friendly graphical user interface (GUI) using MATLAB programming language. Bayesian model averaging, Monte Carlo simulation and fuzzy logic were the statistical methods used for the algorithm development, prior to its GUI implementation in MATLAB. Using the remaining 10% data, the model's predictive accuracy was assessed via the independent samples t-test and the mean absolute percentage error (MAPE).

Findings

The developed model's predictions were found not statistically different from those of actual duration estimates in the 10% test data, with a MAPE of just 2%. This suggests that the model's ability to incorporate both aleatory and epistemic uncertainties improves accuracy of duration predictions made using it.

Research limitations/implications

The model was developed using a particular type of building projects (TETfund building construction projects), and so its use is limited to projects with characteristics similar to those used for its development.

Practical implications

The developed model's predictions are expected to serve as a useful basis for consultancy firms and contractor organisations to make more realistic schedules and benchmark measures of construction period, thereby facilitating effective planning and successful execution of construction projects.

Originality/value

The study presented a model which permits combined manipulation of aleatory and epistemic uncertainties, hence ensuring a more realistic incorporation of uncertainty into construction duration predictions.
Developing curriculum for industry 4.0: digital workplaces
Authors: Brahma Mita , Tripathi Shiv S. , Sahay Arunaditya
Published: April 2020

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to introduce a framework used in a program for working executives, designed to prepare them for the digital workplace environment of industry 4.0.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper adopts a case-based approach. It presents the current context about industry 4.0 and digitized workplaces. It then describes the case of designing the curriculum for a learning program on this theme, the responses received from participants and facilitators and conclusions that can be drawn from the responses.

Findings

The findings indicate that digital workplaces present challenges such as fragmentation of work, a resultant disconnect between team members, an uncertainty about assessment of efforts as well as assessment of output. Facilitation by coaches, extensive documentation, knowledge sharing, empathy and an alignment to shared goals mitigate these challenges to some extent. Facilitation also enables the participants to experience the true benefits of technology aided collaboration.

Research limitations/implications

The participants in the program had an average work experience of two years, and a senior management view was not represented.

Practical implications

The learning from the program would help in designing more such collaborative and immersive learning experiences.

Social implications

Programs about virtualization and automation of work processes enable an appreciation of the inherent challenges and shortcomings and a fairer implementation of technologies at the workplace.

Originality/value

The program brought into the classroom an immersive experience of the evolving dynamics between employers, digital technologies and employees of contemporary workplaces.
The integral role of relationships in experiences of complex trauma in sex trafficking survivors
Authors: Evans Heather
Published: April 2020

Purpose

Human sex trafficking is a global rights violation prevalent nationally and globally. This study aims to contribute to the limited research conducted directly with survivors with the goal of building sustainable aftercare from their feedback.

Design/methodology/approach

For this qualitative, retrospective study, 15 adult female survivors completed open-ended interviews, took photos and participated in online focus groups to explore identity, sexuality, relationships and factors of community reintegration. Data analysis included multi-level conceptual and thematic coding.

Findings

Participants identified with all aspects of complex trauma and domains of post-traumatic growth. Participants highlighted relationship development as the primary source of healing and growth, emphasizing the value of peer-based support and survivor leadership.

Research limitations/implications

The findings affirm the need for ecological and relational perspectives in care of survivors and approaches using a trauma-informed, victim-centered lens. Findings affirm the value of understanding the nuances of complex trauma as well as celebrating the capacity for post-traumatic growth. Furthermore, while relationships are most significantly impacted from the trafficking experience, they are also considered the greatest instrument of healing, offering long-term commitment and belief in the individual. This research excluded males and international trafficking survivors. Participants were recruited through service organizations, and many participants are active in advocacy work, which may hinder generalizable data for all trafficking survivors. Finally, this study did not distinguish data between geographic location or range or length of time since exiting trafficking.

Originality/value

This study highlights the voices of survivors throughout research design and data findings. Their lived experiences provide key recommendations for interaction and intervention. Data include rich expression through photography.
Application of theories in CSR research focusing study context and corporate attributes
Authors: Mehedi Sohel , Jalaludin Dayana
Published: April 2020

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to review the background of the theories, how they motivate corporations to engage in corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities and their application, focusing on the study context and corporate attributes.

Design/methodology/approach

The study used Google Scholar as an online database and collected 170 published academic papers via a systematic search procedure; of these, 112 papers were selected as suitable for the study purpose. The selection followed the analysis of the abstract, the paper contents including the proposition of the theories, the literature review, the theoretical framework and the hypothesis development.

Findings

The study findings indicate that the cores of the proposed theories to explore CSR are not identical. The components of theories build a social value system, which intensely motivates corporations to engage in CSR activities and voluntary disclosure practices. A thorough analysis of the characteristics of the theories demonstrates that the choice of theories to explore both an endogenous variable like CSR and exogenous variables depends on the study context and the characteristics of the corporate attributes.

Research limitations/implications

The study considers only the most prominent theories in CSR research, but many other theories are also explored in CSR research. In addition, the study takes only academic papers in the English language into consideration, and the generalization of study findings is only for CSR research.

Practical implications

The study aims to provide guidance about the selection of theories based on the contexts and corporate attributes to explore both endogenous and exogenous variables. It draws policymakers’ attention toward the renovation and addition of motivational instruments in the context. The study also helps industry practitioners in realizing the principles and consequences of the theories and in taking strategic social and environmental obligations into consideration in their decision-making process.

Originality/value

This is the first attempt to conduct a literature review on the development of theories and corporate CSR engagement from 1975 to 2019, covering 112 published academic papers. A deeper understanding using theoretical conceptualization as guidance is beneficial, as it provides a strong basis for the enhancement of future CSR corporate activities.
Image-based control of delta parallel robots via enhanced LCM-CSM to track moving objects
Authors: Lopez-Lara J. Guillermo , Maya Mauro Eduardo , González Alejandro , Cardenas Antonio , Felix Liliana
Published: April 2020

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to present a new vision-based control method, which enables delta-type parallel robots to track and manipulate objects moving in arbitrary trajectories. This constitutes an enhanced variant of the linear camera model-camera space manipulation (LCM-CSM).

Design/methodology/approach

After obtaining the LCM-CSM view parameters, a moving target’s position and its velocity are estimated in camera space using Kalman filter. The robot is then commanded to reach the target. The proposed control strategy has been experimentally validated using a PARALLIX LKF-2040, an academic delta-type parallel platform and seven different target trajectories for which the positioning errors were recorded.

Findings

For objects that moved manually along a sawtooth, zigzag or increasing spiral trajectory with changing velocities, a maximum positioning error of 4.31 mm was found, whereas objects that moved on a conveyor belt at constant velocity ranging from 7 to 12 cm/s, average errors between 2.2-2.75 mm were obtained. For static objects, an average error of 1.48 mm was found. Without vision-based control, the experimental platform used has a static positioning accuracy of 3.17 mm.

Practical implications

The LCM-CSM method has a low computational cost and does not require calibration or computation of Jacobians. The new variant of LCM-CSM takes advantage of aforementioned characteristics and applies them to vision-based control of parallel robots interacting with moving objects.

Originality/value

A new variant of the LCM-CSM method, traditionally used only for static positioning of a robot’s end-effector, was applied to parallel robots enabling the manipulation of objects moving along unknown trajectories.
Deep instance segmentation and 6D object pose estimation in cluttered scenes for robotic autonomous grasping
Authors: Wu Yongxiang , Fu Yili , Wang Shuguo
Published: April 2020

Purpose

This paper aims to design a deep neural network for object instance segmentation and six-dimensional (6D) pose estimation in cluttered scenes and apply the proposed method in real-world robotic autonomous grasping of household objects.

Design/methodology/approach

A novel deep learning method is proposed for instance segmentation and 6D pose estimation in cluttered scenes. An iterative pose refinement network is integrated with the main network to obtain more robust final pose estimation results for robotic applications. To train the network, a technique is presented to generate abundant annotated synthetic data consisting of RGB-D images and object masks in a fast manner without any hand-labeling. For robotic grasping, the offline grasp planning based on eigengrasp planner is performed and combined with the online object pose estimation.

Findings

The experiments on the standard pose benchmarking data sets showed that the method achieves better pose estimation and time efficiency performance than state-of-art methods with depth-based ICP refinement. The proposed method is also evaluated on a seven DOFs Kinova Jaco robot with an Intel Realsense RGB-D camera, the grasping results illustrated that the method is accurate and robust enough for real-world robotic applications.

Originality/value

A novel 6D pose estimation network based on the instance segmentation framework is proposed and a neural work-based iterative pose refinement module is integrated into the method. The proposed method exhibits satisfactory pose estimation and time efficiency for the robotic grasping.
Promoting desirable work attitudes and behaviors among accountants: a field study
Authors: Asare Enoch Kusi , Whittington J. Lee , Walsh Robert
Published: April 2020

Purpose

Accounting work is characterized by high job demands and tight deadlines. With less task variety, accounting work is susceptible to employee disengagement. This paper aims to examine the role of enhanced performance management practices as intervention mechanism to the disengagement among accountants.

Design/methodology/approach

A total of 105 accountants participated in an online survey, answering self and social reports. Hypotheses were tested using regression analyses.

Findings

Enhanced performance management practices promote engagement among accountants. In turn, engagement promotes job satisfaction and affective commitment among accountants.

Research limitations/implications

Further studies are necessary to test the study’s findings. Future research should focus on replicating this study in other settings.

Practical implications

Performance planning and implementation are critical to enhancing accountants’ work attitudes and behaviors.

Originality/value

The accounting literature has consistently addressed negative accounting work outcomes from the perspective of burnout (a negative approach). This paper addresses the issue from the perspective of engagement (a positive approach).
The Journal of Family Business Management: a bibliometric analysis
Authors: Ratten Vanessa , Fakhar Manesh Mohammad , Pellegrini Massimiliano Matteo , Dabic Marina
Published: April 2020

Purpose

The Journal of Family Business Management was established in 2011 as the premier source of research related to family business from a management perspective. The journal has progressed to become one of the most important sources for emerging and novel information related to family business so it is important to analyse its history in order to make progress with future research. The goal of this article is to statistically analyse through bibliometric techniques the changes occurring in the journal.

Design/methodology/approach

This article presents a bibliometric analysis of the journal that can help analyse past performance but also predict future trends. The analysis presents information on the most cited authors, institutions and journals, which indicates the international diversity of the journal. In addition, the most used keywords and article topics are presented that help to understand the main themes discussed in the journal.

Findings

The statistical analysis suggests that whilst there is a tendency to publish more European and North American research on family business, this is changing with countries from South America, Oceania and Asia increasing their representation in the journal. In addition, the topics covered in the journal have stayed the same in terms of focussing on family and family business practices but also expanded to include more research on entrepreneurship and innovation.

Research limitations/implications

A bibliometric analysis technique was used thus there are some limitations in terms of the type of methodology and focus only on published articles in the journal. As articles in press were not included this is an area that could be addressed in future research.

Practical implications

As evident in the most published institutions in this journal, family business institutes can gain from research conducted on family business management. This means that family business managers should try to collaborate with research institutions on emerging new areas that require solutions.

Originality/value

This article presents some suggestions for future research that will help guide more research into areas that are currently under-represented in the journal and emerging topics that are likely to garner interest.
Social comparison in fashion blogging: “creative self” as the new genre in fashion communication
Authors: Choi Athena
Published: April 2020

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to draw on an inductive approach in exploring how the post-90s generation relates themselves with the others when browsing fashion images on social media. More specifically, this work explores how young fashion readers perceive the phenomenon of bloggers' self-modeling as a means of self-expression.

Design/methodology/approach

Eight focus groups were conducted for 64 Hong Kong young fashion readers. Respondents were asked about their opinion on the fashion blogs, their preference toward bloggers' self-modeling phenomenon, and how they compare themselves with the self-modeling fashion bloggers.

Findings

Results indicate that a tendency of social comparison occurred as readers indicated preference toward fashion bloggers who perform as self-modeling image producers, this supports the notion of social comparison that human nature tends to compare with others similar to themselves. This finding also suggests the critical awareness of young fashion readers, in which an ideal beauty is perceived as a successful result from a calculated visual creation, namely “the creative self”.

Research limitations/implications

This study focus on a Hong Kong setting with Instagram as the key communication platform; future research would be benefited from a wider scope of study from an international perspective.

Practical implications

This paper provides practical insight for fashion brands' strategic planners on how the fashion blogging works as a new genre of fashion communication. By understanding the fashion readers' preference, strategic planners could develop appropriate marketing communication strategy in response to the new trend of readers engaging in visual creative production for fashion.

Originality/value

This study reveals a new perspective in interpreting social comparison behavior for the fashion readers in the digital culture, whereas the targeted comparison attribute changed from ideal beauty to the creative self. This finding contributes to the discourse of academic theories in social media, social comparison and fashion communication.
The nexus among innovation types, knowledge sharing, transformational leadership, and marketing performance in an emerging economy
Authors: Afriyie Samuel , Du Jianguo , Ibn Musah Abdul-Aziz
Published: April 2020

Purpose

This paper aims to empirically examine the structural relationship between innovation types, transformational leadership (TL), knowledge sharing (KS) and marketing performance (MP) in small- and medium-sized enterprise (SME) service firms. The paper further investigates the extent to which TL and KS influence the relationship between innovation and MP and how such an effect could be managed for SME development.

Design/methodology/approach

Cross-sectional survey data are collected from 437 from SME service firms of an emerging economy with a fast-growing service sector. The quantitative methodologies were used in which partial least squares structural equation modeling with bootstrap procedures was adopted to test the hypotheses.

Findings

The findings suggest that Innovations have a significant effect on MP, TL has a moderating effect on the relationship and whiles KS mediates between innovation and MP. The study’s results indicate that these effects are robust in the firm’s marketplace.

Research limitations/implications

This study calls for future testing of the current framework in other economies and SME sectors such as manufacturing, which makes findings contextual.

Practical implications

For SME to remain competitive, this study deepens the effect of innovation on performance and as such managers/owners should consider the vital role of TL and KS as a predictor of the relationship between innovation and MP.

Social implications

The findings emphasize the critical role of KS and TL in the relationship between innovation types and MP SMEs in an emerging economy.

Originality/value

This current study contributes to the literature by assessing a valid model that describes concurrently the relationships between innovation types, TL, KS and MP. This is the first empirical study to focus on SME MP in relation to types of innovation, TL and KS in an emerging economy.
Antecedents of word of mouth in Muslim-friendly tourism marketing: the role of religiosity
Authors: Abror Abror , Patrisia Dina , Trinanda Okki , Omar Maznah Wan , Wardi Yunia
Published: April 2020

Purpose

This paper aims to examine the impact of religiosity on Muslim-friendly destination performance, customer engagement and customer satisfaction; the mediating impact of Muslim-friendly destination performance, customer engagement and customer satisfaction on the link between religiosity and word of mouth (WOM); and the moderating impact of religiosity on the relationship between Muslim-friendly tourism, customer engagement and customer satisfaction.

Design/methodology/approach

The population of this study was all tourists who visited West Sumatra Indonesia. By using a survey through questionnaires, this study has got 393 out of 450 collected responses (83.6%). This research used the structural equation modeling as the data analysis technique.

Findings

This research found that religiosity is a significant antecedent of Muslim-friendly tourism, customer engagement and tourist satisfaction. This study revealed that Muslim-friendly tourism, customer engagement and tourist satisfaction significantly mediate the link between religiosity and WOM. This research also found that religiosity significantly moderates the effect of Muslim-friendly tourism on tourist satisfaction.

Research limitations/implications

This study was only conducted in Indonesia; hence, it lacks generality. Accordingly, future studies can expand to several other countries such as Southeast Asian countries which have big Muslim population. This study only focused on Muslim-friendly tourism industry as a whole. For future studies, it can be extended to several related industries, such as hotel, food and beverage and halal cosmetic.

Practical implications

This study has shown the important of manager knowledge about religiosity of customers. Accordingly, when they want to increase tourists’ WOM, they have to increase tourist perceived quality of Muslim-friendly tourism attributes which also have an impact on customer engagement and tourist satisfaction.

Originality/value

This study proposes the direct relationship between religiosity and Muslim-friendly tourism, the religiosity-customer engagement link and the religiosity-tourist satisfaction relation. This research has revealed the mediating effect of Muslim-friendly tourism, satisfaction and engagement on the link between religiosity and WOM. This study has also revealed the impact of religiosity in strengthening the link between halal tourism and tourist satisfaction which is limited previously.
Identifying the latent shortcomings in achieving value for money within the Ghanaian construction industry
Authors: Kissi Ernest , Adjei-Kumi Theophilus , Twum-Ampofo Samuel , Debrah Caleb
Published: April 2020

Purpose

The non-achievement of projects of best value remains a perennial problem within the construction industry. This paper aims to identify the latent shortcomings affecting the achievement of value for money (VfM) within the Ghanaian construction industry.

Design/methodology/approach

From a comprehensive literature review and pilot survey, 18 variables responsible for the non-achievement of VfM were identified. Through purposive and snowballing sampling techniques, a questionnaire was administered to the target professionals. Factor analysis was used to establish the latent shortcomings underlying the same dimensions of VfM achievement in the Ghanaian construction industry.

Findings

A total of six components were identified and explained as external factors; institutional culture and policy constraints; technical and decision-making factors; human-related factors and accountability and transparency constraints. The relative importance index was used in analysing the strategies to addressing the shortcomings.

Social implications

The prevalent situation of poorly delivered projects and the continuous campaign for VfM necessitated the need for a study into explaining the latent shortcomings in achieving VfM within the Ghanaian construction industry. It is recommended that governments give VfM in public projects serious attention. This would help to reduce the overall cost of construction projects without compromising quality. When VfM is taken seriously, governments can save more money and undertake more projects as well as gain public acceptance in terms of transparency and accountability.

Originality/value

This study has set the pace for further research in the VfM analysis by identifying the latent shortcoming, which other developing countries can emulate.
Addressing STEM in the context of teacher education
Authors: Liu Fuchang
Published: April 2020

Purpose

This article discusses several issues concerning STEM in the context of teacher education.

Design/methodology/approach

Using a review of the literature of the past two decades, this article approached the topic of addressing STEM in the context of teacher education through six issues.

Findings

1. Integration is key. 2. Disciplinary knowledge needs emphasizing. 3. Equitability of discipline representations is a nonfactor. 4. Still, mathematics deserves a heavier dose. 5. Collaboration is a desired component. 6. Inequality issues deserve more attention.

Originality/value

This article is original. It informs researchers, practitioners and policymakers of what issues to focus on concerning STEM in the context of teacher education.