bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Biomechanical Changes During a 90º Cut in Collegiate Female Soccer Players With Participation in the 11+
Authors: Dix Celeste , Arundale Amelia , Silvers-Granelli Holly , Marmon Adam , Zarzycki Ryan , Snyder-Mackler Lynn
Published: June 2021

Background

Valgus collapse and high knee abduction moments have been identified as biomechanical risk factors for ACL injury. It is unknown if participation in the 11+, a previously established, dynamic warm-up that emphasizes biomechanical technique and reduces ACL injury rates, reduces components of valgus collapse during a 90º cut.

Hypothesis/Purpose

To determine whether participation in the 11+ during a single soccer season reduced peak knee abduction moment and components of valgus collapse during a 90º cut in collegiate female soccer players.

Study Design

Prospective cohort study

Methods

Forty-six participants completed preseason and postseason motion analysis of a 90º cut. During the season, 31 players completed the 11+ and 15 players completed their typical warm-up (control group). Peak knee abduction moment, components of valgus collapse (hip adduction, internal rotation, and knee abduction angles), and a novel measure of knee valgus collapse were analyzed with repeated-measures ANOVAs to determine differences between preseason and postseason. Smallest detectable change (SDC) and minimal important difference (MID) values were applied to contextualize results.

Results

There was a significant main effect of time for non-dominant knee valgus collapse (p=0.03), but decreases in non-dominant knee valgus collapse only exceeded the SDC in the intervention team.

Conclusions

Clinically meaningful decreases in knee valgus collapse may indicate a beneficial biomechanical effect of the 11+. Participation in the 11+ may lower ACL injury risk by reducing valgus collapse during a 90º cut.

Level of Evidence

2b
A Criterion Based Rehabilitation Protocol for ACL Repair with Internal Brace Augmentation
Authors: Irfan Ahmer , Kerr Stewart , Hopper Graeme , Wilson William , Wilson Lynsay , Mackay Gordon
Published: June 2021

The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is one of the main stabilizing structures of the knee and its rupture is a common injury in young active adults. ACL reconstruction has been the preferred operative management of an ACL rupture for several decades; however, success rates are variable. Recently, interest in arthroscopic primary repair of the ligament has increased. The repair is augmented with an Internal Brace (IB), which is an ultra-high strength suture tape that bridges the ligament. This technique protects the ligament during the healing and the ligament is encouraged to heal naturally, whilst not requiring any external braces. It acts as a stabiliser to permit early mobilization and optimise rehabilitation.

As understanding of rehabilitation has progressed, there has been an increased focus on early weight-bearing and achieving full range of movement. While detailed criterion-based rehabilitation protocols exist for ACL reconstruction, this is not the case for ACL repair. The purpose of this commentary is to present a novel criterion-based rehabilitation protocol following ACL repair surgery augmented with an IB.

Level of Evidence

V
Youth Baseball Caregiver Understanding of Safe Pitching Guidelines and Player Injury
Authors: Reintgen Christian , Zeppieri Jr Giorgio , Bruner Michelle , Horodyski MaryBeth , Waligora Andrew , Smith M Seth , Farmer Kevin W
Published: June 2021

Background

As more athletes participate in youth baseball, there has been an associated increase in upper extremity injuries. Knowledge of baseball injury prevention guidelines continues to be developed and defined as throwing-related injuries rise. The purpose of this study was to evaluate how knowledgeable youth baseball caregivers were about safe pitching guidelines and secondarily determine pitching practices which may be associated with increased risk of player injury.

Methods

A twenty-two question survey comprised of demographic data, knowledge of overhead throwing guidelines, pitching history, presence of risk factors associated with overhead throwing and pitching habits was distributed to the caregivers of youth baseball pitchers in North Central Florida.

Results

Eighty-three percent (81/98) of those polled were unaware of the existence of safe pitching guidelines, regardless of the pitcher’s playing experience (p > 0.05). Those who pitched more than six months out of the year were significantly more prone to experience throwing arm pain after a performance (p < 0.05). Fifty-two percent (51/98) of the caregivers recalled their child having throwing arm pain as a direct result of pitching, with twenty-six percent (25/98) of pitchers having to miss either a game or a pitching appearance. Twenty-seven percent (26/98) of all players went on to seek medical evaluation for arm discomfort due to pitching. Pitchers 13 years of age and older were more likely to throw curveballs and miss games because of throwing arm pain (p < 0.05).

Conclusion

Despite implementation and accessibility of safe pitching guidelines, a large portion of those surveyed were unaware or noncompliant with these established recommendations. Given the results of this study, further measures need to be taken to improve caregivers’ understanding of current guidelines to help increase compliance and protect youth pitchers.

Level of Evidence

Cross-sectional survey study, 3b
Twelve-Week Quadriceps Strength as A Predictor of Quadriceps Strength At Time Of Return To Sport Testing Following Bone-Patellar Tendon-Bone Autograft Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Hannon Joseph P , Wang-Price Sharon , Goto Shiho , Singleton Steven , Dietrich Lindsey , Bothwell James , Bush Curtis , Garrison Craig
Published: June 2021

Background

Restoration of quadriceps strength following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACL-R) continues to challenge both patients and clinicians. Failure to adequately restore quadriceps strength has been linked to decreased patients’ self-reported outcomes and an increased risk for re-injury. Early identification of quadriceps strength deficits may assist in tailoring early interventions to better address impairments.

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between early (12 weeks following ACL-R) isokinetic peak torque and isokinetic peak torque at time of return to sport (RTS) testing.

Study Design

Cohort Study

Methods

A total of 120 participants (males = 55; females =65) were enrolled in the study (age = 16.1±1.4 yrs; height = 1.72±10.5 m; mass = 70.7±16.3 kg). All participants were level 1 or 2 cutting and pivoting sport athletes who underwent a primary bone-patellar tendon-bone autograft ACL-R. Participants were tested at two time points: 12 weeks following surgery and again at time of RTS testing. A linear regression model was carried out to investigate the relationship between age, sex, and isokinetic peak torque at 12 weeks following ACL-R and isokinetic peak torque at time of RTS testing.

Results

When 12-week isokinetic peak torque was entered first for the hierarchy regression analysis, this factor was predictive of the peak torque at the time of RTS testing, F(1, 118) = 105.6, p < 0.001, R2 = 0.472, indicating that the 12-week quadriceps strength accounted for 47% of the variance in the quadriceps strength at the time of RTS testing. When age and sex were added in the regression analysis, both factors only added 0.8% of variance for the quadriceps strength at the time of RTS testing.

Conclusion

Isokinetic peak torque at 12 weeks following surgery was shown to be a significantly strong predictor (47%) for isokinetic quadriceps strength recovery at time of RTS. This finding underscores the importance of early restoration of quadriceps strength and that while non-modifiable factors such as sex and age are important, early restoration of quadriceps strength most strongly influences late stage quadriceps strength.

Level of Evidence

3
A Comparison of Resting Scapular Posture and the Davies Closed Kinetic Chain Upper Extremity Stability Test
Authors: Heick John D , Haggerty Jenna , Manske Robert C
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND

In orthopaedic practice, it is well established that weak scapular stabilizers and an unstable scapula is related to shoulder dysfunction. Faulty scapular position has been linked to decreased scapular stability and is thought to be a result of weak or unbalanced timing in the recruitment of scapulothoracic dynamic stabilizing muscles. Kibler has described a four-type classification of scapulothoracic dysfunction. Functional performance testing is used to objectively measure activities that simulate various desired activities. The reliability of assessing the four static scapular positions may be important in diagnosing shoulder dysfunction. An understanding of the scapular position and its relationship to functional performance testing is needed.

PURPOSE

The purpose of this study was to determine if a static scapular test, the Kibler scapula classification, in healthy participants affects the ability to perform a closed chain functional test that involves the use of the scapula and the upper extremity, the Davies Closed Kinetic Chain Upper Extremity Stability Test (CKCUEST). A secondary analysis was performed to evaluate the reliability of a student physical therapist and an experienced physical therapist to identify scapular type by observation.

STUDY DESIGN

Multicenter, single session descriptive cohort

METHODS

Sixty-one healthy participants (33 males, 28 females; mean age 24.19±2.61) completed testing across two locations in one testing session. Blood pressure and heart rate as well as height and weight were measured for each participant. Participants were classified by visual observation of Kibler scapular classification. The average number of CKUEST touches, a normalized score, and a power score were calculated for each participant. Three trials were performed and participants were required to take a 45-second rest break between each CKCUEST trial.

RESULTS

One way analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed statistically significant differences in Type I and Type IV Kibler scapula classification for the CKCUEST power score, however when an ANCOVA controlled for body mass index, there was no statistically significant difference. A strong correlation r=.94 was observed between student and experienced physical therapist in evaluating all four types of Kibler scapular classification.

CONCLUSIONS

Visually observed Kibler scapular position does not affect the ability to perform the Davies CKCUEST in healthy young adults. The ability to identify Kibler scapular position was reliable between student and experienced physical therapists. Additional studies are required to identify the usefulness of the Kibler scapular position classification.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE

2b: Individual Cohort Study
Noncontact Knee Ligament Injury Prevention Screening in Netball: A Clinical Commentary with Clinical Practice Suggestions for Community-Level Players
Authors: Clark Nicholas C
Published: June 2021

Netball is a predominantly female team court-sport which is played worldwide. Netball is becoming more popular in the United States following its countrywide introduction to schools and community centers. A unique characteristic of netball is the footwork rule which restricts players to a one-step landing after catching the ball. Most netball landings are single-leg landings resulting in high vertical ground reaction forces and high skeletal tissue forces. Thus, high-risk landing events that have the biomechanical potential for injury occur frequently. Noncontact knee ligament injuries are common following a knee abduction collapse when landing. Because the consequences of noncontact knee ligament injury are profound, strategies are needed to mitigate the burden of such injury for players, teams, and society.

The purpose of this clinical commentary is to demonstrate how theoretical principles, different types of research, and different levels of evidence underpin a rational clinical reasoning process for developing noncontact knee ligament injury prevention screening procedures in netball. The theoretical principles that are discussed in this commentary include injury control, the sequence of prevention, principles of screening in injury prevention, the multifactorial model of injury etiology, complex systems theory, and systems science. The different types of research that are reviewed include descriptive and analytic-observational studies. The different levels of evidence that are discussed include prospective studies, cross-sectional studies, and clinicians’ own kinesiological modelling. Subsequently, an integrated approach to the evidence-informed development of noncontact knee ligament injury prevention screening procedures is presented. Clinical practice suggestions include a selection of evidence-informed screening tests that are quickly and easily implemented with netball players in local communities. The need for repeated screening at strategic timepoints across a season/year is explained. Sports physical therapists will find this commentary useful as an example for how to undertake clinical reasoning processes that justify the content of screening procedures contributing to noncontact knee ligament injury prevention in community-level netball.

Level of Evidence

5
The Efficacy and Treatment Fidelity of Kinesiology Taping in Conjunction With Conservative Treatment Interventions Among Individuals With Shoulder Pain: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis
Authors: Salamh Paul A , Cory Christopher S , Hanney William J , Condon Haley E , Liu Xinliang , Kolber Morey J
Published: June 2021

Purpose

Kinesiology taping is a common intervention used to treat individuals with shoulder pain. While there have been several studies published to date evaluating the effectiveness of this intervention, a systematic review with meta-analysis synthesizing the collective effectiveness of kinesiology taping is not available. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to perform a systematic review with meta-analysis investigating the efficacy and treatment fidelity of kinesiology taping (KT) in combination with conservative interventions for shoulder pain.

Methods

Databases (PubMed, EMBASE, SportDiscus, CINAHL) of studies published in English meeting criteria were searched to October 2019. Methodologic quality was assessed utilizing the Modified Downs and Black checklist. Treatment fidelity was evaluated using a modified fidelity tool. Random effects meta-analyses were performed when an outcome (disability, pain, range of motion (ROM)) was reported by two or more studies. Overall effect size (pooled random effects) was estimated for studies with acceptable clinical homogeneity.

Results

When KT was used with conservative treatments, meta-analysis revealed large effect sizes for improvements in disability (standard mean difference (SMD) = -1.35; 95% CI, -2.09 to -0.60) and ROM (SMD = 0.96; 95% CI, 0.60-1.33) with no significant effects for pain. The average Modified Downs & Black score for bias was 11.5 ± 3.9. Of 10 retained studies, only two had good treatment fidelity.

Conclusions

Adding KT to interventions performed in clinical settings appears to demonstrate efficacy regarding disability and ROM when compared to conservative interventions alone. However, despite reasonably good methodologic quality, fidelity was lacking in a majority of studies. Because of its impact on the implementation of evidence-based practice, lower fidelity should be considered when interpreting results.
Formation of management reporting in the enterprise controlling system
Authors: Chyzhevska L.V.
Published: June 2021

Management reporting is an important element of both corporate governance and internal processes that are carried out in the enterprise’s controlling system. The primary purpose of management reporting is to provide information support for management decisions, which includes financial planning, financial reporting, financial analysis, management accounting, budgeting, controlling, and management reporting. Obstacles to the implementation of an effective financial reporting management system are the lack of formalized rules for the formation, submission, preparation, correction, and control of management reports. In order to overcome this shortcoming, the article introduces the term «life cycle of a management report», which is understood as a period of time that includes the development, implementation, and use of a management report until it meets user information requests. At the same time, the following stages of the management report life cycle are proposed: identifying a request from the user; identifying responsible persons and the working group participants for developing the report form; identifying reporting objects that correspond to the user’s request; defining accounting and analytical sources of information; finding out the degree of aggregation of indicators; automating data submission for updating reports; visualizing the reporting form, testing the form; identifying necessary corrections; formulating recommendations for decision-making guidance; identifying new requests. This approach will help to solve the key problem of information support for the management decision-making process, namely, the lack of coordination between user information requests and the availability of information sources to ensure them.
Bibliometric analysis of research on responsible investment
Authors: Makarenko І.О. , Vorontsova A.S. , Yelnikovа Yu.V. , Lasukova A.S.
Published: June 2021

The formation of the concept of responsible investment involves a change in the basic understanding of the investment process, which requires consideration of the possible consequences of such actions for the planet, society and economy. In this regard, it is important to provide a thorough methodological basis that will be the groundwork for the dissemination of this concept and its scientific foundation. The purpose of this work is to conduct a quantitative bibliometric analysis of research on responsible investing. The scientometric international databases Web of Science from Clarivate Analytics and Scopus from Elsevier and their built-in tools were used for this purpose. The time period of the study was 1990 – March 2021, the main search query – «responsible investment». Quantitative analysis of scientific publications in selected databases was conducted by time, geographical and subject search, analysis of organizations that fund research on this topic and the most cited works. The results show a growing trend of research on responsible investment in the world, with an increase in recent years, and a predominance of research by scientists from English-speaking countries (UK, United States, Australia, Canada) and European countries (Spain, France, Germany, etc.). Research is mainly funded by the European Commission and other Japanese and European organizations. The analysis of subject areas in the study of responsible investing revealed the presence of both managerial and economic, as well as social and environmental issues. The analysis of the most cited works in the scientometric databases Scopus and WoS revealed the popularity of socially responsible investments in the context of institutional, behavioral and functional aspects, as well as their connection with corporate social responsibility.
Peculiarities of the organization of management accounting in IT enterprises
Authors: Loskorikh G.L.
Published: June 2021

The relevance of the study lies in the need to determine the specific characteristics of the activities of IT enterprises that determine the features of the organization of management accounting. If it is properly organized, it is possible to achieve an increase in financial results indicators. General scientific methods of cognition, the method of data grouping, and a systematic approach were used to conduct the study. The article substantiates cases in which there is a need to implement a management accounting system in an IT enterprise. The main features of the activity of enterprises in this field are determined (a small share of material costs in the structure of the cost of services in the field of IT; the need for a high-tech base, timely updating of technical maintenance and software in accordance with the growth rate of IT; high-risk activities; the possibility of remote work of employees without loss of labor productivity) and their impact on the organization of management accounting is reflected. Considerable attention is paid to the organization of cost accounting depending on the business organization models of an IT enterprise, in particular, it is recommended to reflect them based on the individual participation of each specialist in a particular IT project. Based on a comparison of fixed Price and Time&Materials pricing models (based on such characteristics as the essence, budget definition, timing of IT project development, advantages and disadvantages), management reporting requirements are reflected. Recommendations for choosing a software product for management accounting in an IT enterprise are given. The organization of management accounting in accordance with certain features will contribute to the prompt receipt of information necessary in the process of making managerial decisions.
Utilization of Resources and Optimization of Services in Libraries
Authors: Dong Yanping
Published: June 2021

“Resource utilization” is the foundation of library services. This article analyzes the reasons of low utilization of library resources. Besides that, the existing resources are classified according to different genres. The methods of utilizing the existing resources in the library are also discussed. Based on the analysis, by optimizing the service patterns, the service reaches more targeted readers as well as improve the utilization rate of existing resources.
STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF PELTON BUCKET WITH AISI 1020 STEEL AND STRUCTURAL STEEL MATERIAL BY USING SOLID WORKS AND ANSYS
Authors: Jamali Arshad Hussain
Published: June 2021

Pelton Turbine is the hydraulic turbine, type of impulse turbine. An Impulse turbine generally suitable for the low flow rate and high head. The discharge water from the nozzle impacts the bucket of the Pelton wheel to produce the hydropower. There are some reasons behind the failure of the Pelton bucket like as: silt erosion, cavitation, fatigue etc. The main reason behind the fatigue failure is the material property and stress concentrations. A high concentration of stresses occurs at the root of the bucket due to its cantilever structure each time a bucket experiences the impact of the water jet. In this work, there are two materials AISI 1020 Steel and Structural Steel have been considered for analyzing the Pelton bucket. For the 3D CAD model of Pelton bucket Solid works 14.0 and for simulation work ANSYS 15.0 software has been used. In simulation work analysis types were static structural. This paper focuses on von-mises stress, total deformation of von-mises strain to analyze the suitable material for the Pelton bucket. From the obtained results it has been observed that among both materials Structural Steel is suitable for bucket due to low-stress concentration, total deformation and strain.
INFLUENCE OF TEMPERATURE AND DRAWING SPEED ON THE FORMING OF ALUMINUM ALLOY 1100 VIA WARMING HYDROFORMING PROCESS
Authors: Gatea Mohammed Mishri
Published: June 2021

The limiting used of the alloys of aluminum since the formability is low at room temperature. To plan and grow more parts made of aluminum, new forming systems, for example, warm framing hydroforming and warming hydroforming processes have been explored to solve the low formability. The effect of temperature on the mechanical properties of aluminum 1100 sheet alloy is investigated at different temperature levels and strain rates using the test of uni-axial tensile. A warming forming tool for sheet metal is designed and manufactured. Four temperatures levels were used in this experiments (25 , 100 200 and 300 ). The drawing speeds that were used in these experiments were (3, 6, and 9 mm/min). Before design, the warming hydro-punch system, the analysis of this system is done in ANSYS software to choose the optimum die radius and then the results of experiments are simulated. The results of experiments showed that the appropriate hydroforming temperature and drawing speed of 1100 aluminum alloy are 300 and 3mm/min respectively. The FE simulation of strain distribution matched reasonably well with the experimental results.
Production and biochemical characterization of xylanases synthesized by the thermophilic fungus Rasamsonia emersonii S10 by solid-state cultivation
Authors: Zanoni J�ssica de Araujo , De Oliveira Isabela Brunozi , Perrone Olavo Micali , Ortega Julieth Ordu�a , Boscolo Maur�cio , Gomes Eleni , Rodriguez Gustavo Orlando Bonilla
Published: June 2021

The xylanolytic enzyme complex hydrolyzes xylan, and these enzymes have various industrial applications. The goal of this work was to characterize the endoxylanases produced by the thermophilic fungus Rasamsonia emersonii in solid-state cultivation. Tests were carried out to evaluate the effects of pH, temperature, glycerol and phenolic compounds on enzyme activity. Thermal denaturation of one isolated enzyme was evaluated. The crude extract from R. emersonii was applied to breakdown pretreated sugarcane bagasse, by quantifying the release of xylose and glucose. The optimum pH value for the crude enzymatic extract was 5.5, and 80 �C was the optimum temperature. Regarding the stability of the crude extract, the highest values occurred between the pH ranges from 4 to 5.5. Several phenolic compounds were tested, showing an increase in enzymatic activity on the crude extract, except for tannic acid. Zymography displayed four corresponding endoxylanase bands, which were isolated by extraction from a polyacrylamide gel. The thermodynamic parameters of isolated Xylanase C were evaluated, showing a half-life greater than 6 h at 80 �C (optimum temperature), in addition to high melting temperature (93.3 �C) and structural resistance to thermal denaturation. Pretreated sugarcane bagasse breakdown by the crude enzymatic extract from R. emersonii has good hemicellulose conversion to xylose.
Materials of the Annual Interuniversity Student Scientific Conference organized by Jewish University
Authors: Vinogradov Natalya , Obidina Andrey
Published: June 2021

This publication is the collection of works of the participants of The Annual Interuniversity Student Scientific Conference, organized by PHEO Jewish University. The works focus on actual problems of Jurisprudence, Economics, Management, Information Technologies and Jewish Studies.
The communication capital of the digital age
Authors: Chudnovskaya Irina
Published: June 2021

The collection presents the materials of the scientific online conference with international participation «Communication Capital in the Digital Age» (February 12, 2021), organized by the Department of Sociology of Communication Systems, Faculty of Sociology, Lomonosov Moscow State University. The conference, which has become a tradition, brought together a number of domestic and foreign scientific platforms to discuss new social and communicative realities. The conference was aimed at organizing and maintaining scientific contacts of scientists who study the modern urban communication space in a digital context. The texts are published in the author's edition, the opinion of the Organizing Committee may not coincide with the position of the authors. Illustrative materials are taken from open sources. It is intended for the audience exploring modern problems of culture and communication in the urban space of the digital society.
Designerly research and researcherly design skills, mindsets, and methods for revolutionary practices
Authors: Sosa Ricardo
Published: June 2021

This paper builds on the complementary identities of a 'researcherly designer' as a person who informs their design practice with research and a 'designerly researcher' as a person who informs their design practice with research and a 'designerly researcher' as a person who informs their research practice with design. Here, I extend and examine this reductive duality paying close attention to the skills, mindsets, methods, and practices in design and research. I argue that when the skills, tools, techniques, and methods normally used in design activity are used in research activity, clear distinctions need to be articulated on the purposes and contexts of their use. Individuals who are in the position to execute roles as different as design and research can be considered to be 'ambidextrous' or "revolutionary' as they have the potential to cultivate disruptive synergies between these worlds. The paper addresses the rich diversity, the opportunities and risks, and the ethical tensions that come from 'changing hats' between design and research established practices, and the 'queer' uses of methods in such interstices. I draw from earlier work on the creative adaptation of design methods for cross-disciplinary research (Sosa & Grocott, 2020). The paper concludes with generative questions for those who embark onto the emerging revolutionary practices between design and research.
Mini-Review: PDPK1 (3-phosphoinositide dependent protein kinase-1), An Emerging Cancer Stem Cell Target
Authors: Domrachev Bogdan , Singh Sitanshu , Li Dandan , Rudloff Udo
Published: June 2021

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are subpopulations of tumor cells that possess abilities for self-renewal, differentiation, and tumor initiation. These rare but therapy-recalcitrant cells are assumed to repopulate tumors following administration of systemic chemotherapy driving therapy failure, tumor recurrence, and disease progression. In early clinical trials, anti-CSC therapies have found limited success to-date possibly due to the inherent heterogeneity and plasticity of CSCs and the incomplete characterization of essential CSC targets. Here, we review the role of 3-phosphoinositide dependent protein kinase-1 (PDPK1) as an emerging CSC target. While most previous studies have relied on CSC models which are based on lineage and tissue-specific marker profiles to define the relationships between putative target and CSC traits, this review discusses PDPK1 and its role in CSC biology with an emphasis on CSC systems which are based on proposed function like label-retaining cancer cells (LRCCs).
Pelatihan penyusunan artikel ilmiah bagi guru sekolah dasar di Kecamatan Marpoyan Damai Pekanbaru
Authors: Dea Mustika  , Siti Quratul Ain
Published: June 2021

This activity is motivated by the lack of understanding and ability of elementary school teachers in the preparation of scientific articles. Many teachers are still reluctant to publish research results on the grounds that they do not understand the guidelines for preparing scientific articles. This is what underlies the need to carry out this service activity with the aim of helping elementary school teachers in compiling scientific articles so that later teachers can publish articles that have been made in journals or mass media. Community service activities were carried out in January 2020 at the SDN 193 Pekanbaru teacher council room. The method used is divided into two stages, namely the delivery of material and assistance for teachers who want to compile scientific articles according to their reports. With this service activity, it can provide new concepts of knowledge for teachers so that they can compile scientific articles, especially from the results of research that has been done.
Produksi senyawa metabolit sekunder dari tumbuhan obat
Authors: Hakim Aliefman , Jufri A. Wahab
Published: June 2021

Secondary metabolites were needed by researchers as raw materials for drugs, raw materials for the synthesis of target molecules, bioactive compounds, and model compounds. But until now, there were no producers that supply secondary metabolite compounds in Indonesia, so it is very difficult to find them in the domestic market. The need for secondary metabolite compounds has been purchased from abroad at very high prices. On the other hand, Indonesia has a lot of plant diversity which is the source of secondary metabolite compounds. Modification of several procedures for isolation of secondary metabolites has been carried out in the framework of the production of secondary metabolites.
Efficacy of general anesthesia as compared to spinal anesthesia for patients undergoing ventral abdominal hernia repair, a randomized controlled trial.
Authors: Soomro Ahmeduddin , Siddiqui Maqsood Ahmed , Perchani Ashok , Raza Hamid , . Kamlesh , Luhana Sorath
Published: June 2021

Objective: To compare the use of general anesthesia with spinal anesthesia in patients undergoing ventral hernia repair. Study Design: Randomized Controlled Trial. Setting: Department of Anesthesia CMC Hospital @ SMBBMU Larkana. Period: January 2018 to December 2019. Material & Methods: We included patients above the age of 18 years, who presented with initial complaint of a ventral hernia, requiring surgical intervention. The exclusion criterion was all the patients with co-morbidities like malignancy, having a BMI score of greater than 35, having known allergies to anesthetic agents, and neurologic or neuromuscular diseases. A total of n=120 patients were included in the study and randomly divided into two groups. All the data including clinical parameters, drugs administered, and relevant side effects and complications were recorded in a pre-designed proforma. Results: The study population was n= 120 patients, the mean age was 45.5 +/- 15.5 years, there were n= 42 (35%) males and n= 78 (65%) females. There were no statistically significant differences among the two groups in terms of patient’s age, gender, blood pressures and heart rate. N= 54 (90%) of the patients belonging to the spinal anesthesia group had adequate anesthesia, the rest required administration of supplemental analgesic. None of the cases in the cohort had failure of the anesthetic technique. The postoperative visual analog scale scores at various time intervals (0, 2, 4 and 8 hours post procedure) were higher in the general anesthesia group versus spinal anesthesia group (p value of <0.05). Conclusion: Patients receiving spinal anesthesia had less incidence of post-operative nausea and required less analgesics, while patients receiving general anesthesia had more stable blood pressure profiles.
Effect of different manipulations on serum PSA in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia.
Authors: Iqbal Muhammad , Khurshid M. Adil , Hassan Sohail , Naeem Manzoor Ahmad , Niaz Shahid , Siddiqui Ammad Ahmad
Published: June 2021

Objectives: To evaluate the effect of different urological manipulations on the serum PSA level in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia. Study Design: Quasi-experimental study. Setting: Department of Urology, Nawaz Sharif Social Security Hospital, Lahore. Period: January 2018 to December 2018. Material & Methods: A series of 60 patients were included in the study who fulfill the inclusion criteria. All the patients were above 50 years of age and presented with symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia. These patients were divided into four groups equally. In group A digital rectal examination, in group B transurethral resection of prostate, in group C Foley’s catheterization and in group D Trans rectal ultrasound guided prostatic biopsy was done. Pre-manipulation and post-manipulation blood samples for serum PSA were taken after 30 minutes, 72 hours and one week. Results: Trans urethral resection of prostate, Foley's catheterization and trans rectal ultrasound guided prostatic biopsy caused a statistically significant rise in serum PSA level (p < 0.05) while digital rectal examination did not raise serum PSA level significantly. Conclusion: Different manipulations do cause alteration in the serum PSA level which may change the management plan.
Assessment of nutritional status of lactating mothers in Multan, Pakistan: A case study.
Authors: Ali Hassan , Khan Saadia , Nayab Sumbal , Abbas Asad , Arshad Reema , Akram Iqra , Ajmal Abeeha
Published: June 2021

Objective: The main purpose of the study was to assess the nutritional status of lactating mothers. Study Design: Cross Sectional study. Setting: Fatima Jinnah Hospital, Chowk Ghantaghar, Multan. Period: March 2019 to November 2019. Material & Methods: The study comprised of 250 lactating mothers aged 18-40 years. The data for this study was collected by trained nutritionist when lactating mothers came for checkup and SPSS software was used for data analysis. Results: This study showed that mother status mostly effected due to iron deficiency. Only 20% women were having normal Hemoglobin level. 80% women were anemic and 61.6% women were underweight and 4.8% women were overweight during lactation period. Their serum ferritin level was significantly low due to iron deficient diet/ low iron supplementation. In this conducted study 34.4% women were uneducated and 70.8% women were from rural areas of Multan. 42.4% women were poor socioeconomic status. Conclusion: Nutritional status of lactating mother is mostly affected by iron deficiency. Iron deficient diet or lack of iron supplementation due to poor socioeconomic status/ lack of education about nutrients affect the lactating status of mother.
COVID-19 and anosmia: A case control study in Mirpur, Azad Jammu and Kashmir Pakistan.
Authors: Iqbal Syed Manzoor , Bashir Faisal , Kaleem M. , Aslam Sidra , Ahmed Ejaz , Zeb M. Aurang
Published: June 2021

Objective: The study aims to find the symptoms of COVID-19 in the population of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan. It will then correlate the symptoms observed to the COVID-19 patients based on their day of monitoring. Study Design: Case-control study. Setting: Hospitals of Mirpur, Azad Jammu and Kashmir. Period: April 2019 to Dec 2020. Material & Methods: It was carried out in order to estimate the patients of COVID-19 with the symptoms of anosmia. Patients visiting the hospitals in the vicinity of Mirpur, Azad Jammu and Kashmir for their COVID-19 related symptoms were included in the study Sampling of the patients was done in the DHQT-H, Mirpur for the patients visiting the hospital and also from those who were isolated in Mohiuddin Islamic Medical college isolation ward. Demographic data was obtained. Day of PCR testing and their results were recorded for further statistical analysis of the prevailing symptoms in the population. Results: Most of the male population visited the hospitals with most COVID positive results and prevalence of anosmia within age group of 30-45 years. The affected regions were mostly Bhimbar and Mirpur. Conclusion: A high prevalence of COVID-19 symptoms particularly anosmia was observed in the middle-aged population of Mirpur, Azad Jammu and Kashmir.
A rare case of Wilms Tumor in the right atrium.
Authors: Rehman Fazal ur , Ahmed Shakeel , Ali Waqas , Khuhro Asif Ali , Khan Sabiha , Hussain Basharat
Published: June 2021

Improvement in outcome of Malignant solid tumor cases is credited to existence of well-defined guidelines and protocols and integrated treatment modalities involving chemotherapy, surgery and radiotherapy. The present case describes a rare case of Wilms tumor extending from the left kidney to left renal vein and then via inferior vena cava into the right atrium. This patients was 5 years of age and resident of Karachi presented to the outdoor of National Institute of Child Health (NICH) with the complaints of progressively increasing abdominal distension over the last two months that exacerbated with the agony of swelling in both lower limbs. On physical examination, a mass was palpable in the left abdominal area not crossing the midline. On initial scrutiny with haematological testing and the basic radiology workup in the form of ultrasound abdomen, the patient was found to have a mass originating in the left kidney and invading the left renal vein. CT scan abdomen with contrast revealed that the patient had a heterogeneously enhancing mass of 12 X 9 cm originating from the left kidney and invading the left renal vein. The size of the tumor encroaching into the right atrium cavity was 19.5 X 20.5 mm.
Orofacial manifestations of COVID-19
Authors: Hariharan Ramakrishnan , Maniamuthu Ragupathi
Published: June 2021

Oral cavity is the gateway of the human body, and also provides vital clues of our systemic health. Here in this COVID-19 pandemic, oral manifestations such as dysgeusia, ulcers, xerostomia are noticed and are an an important predictors of this viral disease. This short review describes the oral manifestations of this new disease.
Sehnsucht Agilität
Authors: Espinoza Franziska , Mommartz Sabine
Published: June 2021

Unternehmen sehen sich mit erheblichem Veränderungsdruck und sozial komplexen Problemstellungen konfrontiert, für die Agilität als Lösung gehandelt wird. Damit verbinden sie die Hoffnung, einen wenig präzise definierten Wandel zu schaffen. Im aktuellen Agilitätsdiskurs zeichnet sich vorläufig weder im Arbeitsalltag noch in der Forschung ein Konsens über den Begriff ab. Dieser bietet eine Projektionsfläche, auf der unterschiedliche Weltsichten mit großer Wucht und wenig Reflexion aufeinanderprallen. Nach einer Analyse des Begriffs aus einer kognitiv-linguistischen Perspektive und der Untersuchung der Kernversprechen, die sich seit dem Beginn des Agilitätsdiskurses im ausgehenden 20. Jahrhundert mit dem Begriff verbinden, wird ein strukturierter Reflexionsprozess, die Patterns of Integrated Organization, vorgestellt. Diese dienen zur Klärung der auf den Begriff projizierten Sehnsucht und damit als Entscheidungshilfe für eine Organisationsgestaltung im Einklang mit bewusst verhandelten Standpunkten.
Das Wuchern der Formalstruktur
Authors: Sua-Ngam-Iam Phanmika , Kühl Stefan
Published: June 2021

Dieser Artikel geht der Frage nach, welche Funktionen das Managementkonzept Holacracy für Organisationen erfüllt und welche Folgen sich daraus ergeben. Als empirische Basis dienen dabei Daten, die in fünf holakratischen Organisationen erhoben wurden. Die theoretische Grundlage bildet Luhmanns Konzept der formalen Organisation. Mit der Einführung des Organisationsmodells Holacracy sollen nicht nur Abschottungseffekte durch Abteilungsbildung abgemildert, sondern es soll auch der Filterung von Informationen aufgrund von Hierarchie entgegengewirkt werden. Erkauft wird dies durch eine starke Durchformalisierung der Organisation. Ungewollte Nebenfolgen sind unter anderem das Wuchern der Formalstruktur, die Verunsicherung angesichts der sich schnell ändernden Formalstruktur, die Möglichkeit des Entzugs der Arbeitskraft, die Reduzierung von Initiativen jenseits der Formalstruktur und die Starrheit des Rahmens aufgrund der vorgegebenen holakratischen Organisationsprinzipien.
SYSTEMS ANALYSIS AND MODELLING OF THE EDUCATIONAL SERVICES MARKET
Authors: Guryanova Lidiya , Panasenko Oksana , Voznyuk Serhiy
Published: June 2021

The subject of the research is a set of models of systems analysis of the educational services market. The goal of the work is to develop a set of models of systems analysis of the educational services market in Ukraine, which allow to assess the state of regional market segments; to highlight the segments which are the most sensitive to the reduction of the educational institutions network; to assess the competitiveness of educational services in the foreign market; to determine the most attractive segments of the foreign market. The paper solves the following tasks: models of classification of regions according to the level of development of the education system are developed; models for a comprehensive assessment of the level of development of the education system are proposed, which allow assessing the position of Ukraine in comparison with European countries; models for classifying external market segments by the level of attractiveness for promoting educational services of Ukrainian universities in the context of an export-oriented development model are developed. The following methods are used: systems analysis – to describe the object of research, conceptual approach and a set of tasks to be solved; cluster analysis – for building classification models; taxonomy methods, development level method – to build a rating assessment of Ukraine's position in the educational services market. The following results have been obtained: a grouping of the regions of Ukraine by the level of development of the education system has been developed, the "pivotal" regions for the formation of a network of educational institutions have been identified; a system of rating assessment of countries in the educational services market institutions has been proposed; the most attractive external market segments for the promotion of educational services of universities in Ukraine institutions have been identified. Conclusions: the implementation of the models made it possible to conclude that the composition of the "pivotal" regions for the formation of a network of educational institutions includes such regions as Kyiv, Kharkiv, Odesa, Zaporizhzhia, Lviv, Dnipro regions. Educational services of universities in these regions are in the highest demand, but these regions are also the most vulnerable to the phase of market decline. The analysis of the "substitute" effect made it possible to conclude that Ukraine is characterized by a high rating of the level of development of the education system in comparison with European countries. In the context of the export-oriented development model, external market segments that are attractive for Ukraine have been highlighted.
PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF OPTIMIZATION METHODS FOR SOLVING TRAVELING SALESMAN PROBLEM
Authors: Agung Chandra , Christine Natalia
Published: June 2021

The subject of this research is distance and time of several city tour problems which known as traveling salesman problem (tsp). The goal is to find out the gaps of distance and time between two types of optimization methods in traveling salesman problem: exact and approximate. Exact method yields optimal solution but spends more time when the number of cities is increasing and approximate method yields near optimal solution even optimal but spends less time than exact methods. The task in this study is to identify and formulate each algorithm for each method, then to run each algorithm with the same input and to get the research output: total distance, and the last to compare both methods: advantage and limitation.  Methods used are Brute Force (BF) and Branch and Bound (B&B) algorithms which are categorized as exact methods are compared with Artificial Bee Colony (ABC), Tabu Search (TS) and Simulated Annealing (SA) algorithms which are categorized as approximate methods or known as a heuristics method. These three approximate methods are chosen because they are effective algorithms, easy to implement and provide good solutions for combinatorial optimization problems. Exact and approximate algorithms are tested in several sizes of city tour problems: 6, 9, 10, 16, 17, 25, 42, and 58 cities. 17, 42 and 58 cities are derived from tsplib: a library of sample instances for tsp; and others are taken from big cities in Java (West, Central, East) island. All of the algorithms are run by MATLAB program. The results show that exact method is better in time performance for problem size less than 25 cities and both exact and approximate methods yield optimal solution. For problem sizes that have more than 25 cities, approximate method – Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) yields better time which is approximately 37% less than exact and deviates 0.0197% for distance from exact method. The conclusion is to apply exact method for problem size that is less than 25 cities and approximate method for problem size that is more than 25 cities. The gap of time will be increasing between two methods when sample size becomes larger.