bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Postępowanie w chorobie Leśniowskiego-Crohna â step-up czy top-down?
Authors: Piotrowska Marta , Krajewska Julia , Fichna Jakub , Majchrzak Kinga
Published: January 2020

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are chronic conditions that lead to serious complications and act to the detriment of quality of patientsâ lives. Etiology of IBD has not been precisely determined but it is assumed that IBD is caused by genetic, immune and environmental factors. The main target in current IBD treatment is the induction and maintenance of remission. The most common strategy in IBD therapy is called „step-up” that is based on gradual introduction of stronger drugs. However, the latest research shows that „top down” strategy is more promising and can change the natural course of the disease. The aim of this article is to discuss both strategies and compare their effectiveness
JOB SATISFACTION AS A MEDIATING VARIABLE IN THE EFFECT OF TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP ON PERFORMANCE
Authors: Tentama Fatwa , Rizky Kusuma Desta , Subardjo
Published: January 2020

Purpose: This study aims to examine the direct and indirect effect of transformational leadership on performance with job satisfaction as a mediator of the educational staff at the University of X Yogyakarta, and the direct effect of job satisfaction on the performance of educational staff at the University of X Yogyakarta. Methodology: The population of this study was the educational staff at the University of X. The sampling technique used in this study was stratified random sampling, involving a total of 50 educational staff as samples. Data collection was done using a performance scale, job satisfaction scale, and transformational leadership scale. The data were analyzed using the path regression ordinary least square technique. Main Findings: The results showed that transformational leadership has a significant effect on job satisfaction of educational staff, transformational leadership does not effect on performance of educational staff, job satisfaction has a significant effect on performance of educational staff and transformational leadership has a significant effect on performance through job satisfaction as a mediator of educational staff. Thus, job satisfaction can play a good role as a mediator. Applications of this study: Satisfaction has an important role in increasing work productivity which includes quantity and quality of work, timeliness of work, work effectiveness, independence, and commitment. Leaders in implementing a transformational leadership style must be accompanied by efforts to create a work environment that supports the realization of the job satisfaction of its employees. Regardless of employee job satisfaction, the leader’s transformational leadership style will be in vain. Novelty: To the best of our knowledge, research on job satisfaction as a mediating variable in the effect of transformational leadership on the performance of educational staff is still rarely done both in Indonesia and abroad. Previous studies only positioned job satisfaction as an independent variable that affects performance and not as a mediator variable. This study focuses on job satisfaction as a mediator the effect of transformational leadership on the performance of educational staff.
Notas sobre a feitura de um novo estado na Amazônia paraense: afetos e afetações em mobilizações sociais pelo Tapajós
Authors: Bemerguy Telma De Sousa
Published: January 2020

A partir dos resultados de minha pesquisa de mestrado junto a atores envolvidos na mobilização pela criação do estado do Tapajós, neste artigo irei apresentar ações/justificações mobilizadas por meus interlocutores para demonstrar/produzir/agenciar afetos em torno da “causa” no municípiode Santarém, localidade que mais apoiou o projeto no contexto do plebiscito realizado no estado do Pará em 2011. Pretendo demonstrar como a “causa” pôde crescer a partir de uma captura exitosa de uma série de afetos difusos relacionados ao termo “Tapajós” e apresentar algumas considerações sobre o lugar ocupado pela linguagem dos afetos no processo de produção de adesão a projetos políticos controversos.
The moral dilemmas of Italian principals
Authors: Mortari Luigina , Tomba Barbara
Published: January 2020

The purpose of this study is to investigate the moral dilemmas faced by a principal. A well-functioning school depends on many factors. Among these factors, the competence of the principal plays an important role. Often this competence, defined as leadership, is understood in a technical way because it is often interpreted as the acquisition of legal and management skills. In contrast, a good school requires strong humanistic competence and, in particular, ethical knowledge. The narratives of the principals reveal the sense of the inadequacy of their role: the administrators declared that they do not have a suitable and complete preparation to manage the complexity of the system. Their primary concerns relate to the evaluation and disciplinary aspects of the students, as well as the sense of responsibility aimed at the training of the entire person, not only his personal education.

Keywords: Ethical leadership, Italian principals, moral dilemmas.
Trombocitopenia Grave Induzida por Fenofibrato
Authors: Clara Ana , Martins Tiago , Martins Alexandra , Baptista Ana , Lázaro Mário
Published: January 2020

A trombocitopenia induzida por fármacos é uma entidade frequente na prática clínica. No entanto, pela sua gravidade torna-se imperativo distinguir a trombocitopenia não-imune das formas imunomediadas potenci-almente ameaçadoras da vida. Os autores descrevem o caso clínico raro de um homem de 79 anos que se apresentou com púrpura trombocitopénica grave não-trombótica e gengivorragia ao sexto dia de introdu-ção diária de fenofibrato na sua medicação habitual. Foi feita exclusão do fármaco e administrada metilprednisolona 125 mg endovenoso durante três dias com resolução completa do quadro estabelecendo uma probabilidade elevada de diagnóstico. A trombocitopenia associada ao fármaco é reportada pelos fabricantes como um evento extremamente raro. Este é o segundo caso reportado de trombocitopenia imune ao fenofibrato, tendo o primeiro caso sido publicado em 2015.
The ethnozoology of Jering ethnic society in utilizing the animals for halal traditional medicine
Authors: Nukraheni Yola Nazelia , Afriansyah Budi , Ihsan Muhammad
Published: January 2020

Bangka island province has a high diversity of culture and local wisdom from its ethnic, one of them is Jerieng ethnic. Jerieng ethnic is tribe comes from Bangka Barat, especially Simpang Teritip subdistrict. Jerieng ethnic has knowledge in utilization biodiversity such as an animal that is utilized to be traditional medicine, This study is aimed to discover the knowledge of Jerieng ethnic about which animal used, knowing the method. to utilize it as traditional medicine and sort it into halal and haram based on Islamic law. The method used in this study is purposive sampling, include preliminary, data and information collecting, identification and grouping into halal and haram. Animals that are often used there are 21 species, 10 species (48%) categorized as halal and 11 species (52%) categorized as haram.
Regulatory framework for Islamic financial institutions: lesson learnt between Malaysia and Indonesia
Authors: Syarif Fazlurrahman
Published: January 2020

Islamic finance is a rapidly growing stream in the Halal economy. Islamic finance is a method of banking or financing activities that are based on the Sharia law and operated by sharing the risk or divide the profits of any investment as per the agreed terms. This study discusses the forms of a regulatory framework and on the organizations that are constituted for standardizing the regulations. The paper also analyses the regulatory framework for Islamic financial institutions in Malaysia and Indonesia. The type of research used is a descriptive qualitative model. We find that both countries maintain a dual system of the regulatory framework which considers the conventional and Islamic financial system. Hence, the central bank has full authority to enact required laws and policies and to regulate the Islamic financial institutions in Indonesia and Malaysia.
HİLAFETTEN İSLAM DEVLETİNE ÇAĞDAŞ İSLAM SİYASİ DÜŞÜNCESİNİN ANA İSTİKAMETLERİ VE PROBLEMLERİ
Authors: KARA İsmail
Published: January 2020

Çağdaş İslam siyasi düşüncesi hilafet-saltanat sisteminden

meşrutiyete, cumhuriyete, İslam devletine, oradan İslam

demokrasisine, İslam radikalizmine doğru hareket eden,

bu hareket sırasında klasik İslam siyasi düşüncesinin ana

kavramlarını yeniden üreten, yeni bir sıralamaya tâbi tutan,

bu arada Batıda ortaya çıkan yeni siyasi kavramları ve gelişmeleri

bile isteye yahut mecburiyetler karşısında takip edip

kendi kültürel şartlarının içine çekmeye çalışan bir düşünce

ve uygulama süreçlerinin toplamına işaret eder. Devlet

telakkisinde, din-siyaset ve yönetici-yönetilen ilişkilerinde,

siyasi kültürde meydana gelen değişmeler de bu süreçlerin

bir parçasıdır.

İçeriye ve dışarıya dönük olarak hem muhalefet ve tenkit

hem de uyum ve katılım kanallarını birlikte çalıştırmak ve

buralardan aktüel değeri ve uygulanabilirliği de olan bir çözüm

üretmek arzusunda ve iddiasında olan bu düşünce ve tartışmalar aynı zamanda bugünkü İslam dünyasının siyaset

alanındaki kuvvet ve zaaflarını, devamlılık ve farklılaşmalarını

içinde barındırması bakımından da önem taşıyor.

Bu çalışma Osmanlı/Türkiye tecrübesi merkezli olarak birbuçuk-

iki asırlık bir tecrübeyi siyasi düşünce, siyasi kurumlar

ve siyaset üslubu üzerinden ele almakta ve değerlendirmektedir.
Influence of TAM and UTAUT models of the use of e-filing on tax compliance
Authors: Rakhmawati Henny , Sutrisno T Sutrisno , Khoiru Rusydi M.
Published: January 2020

This study aims to examine and prove empirically the effect of perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, social influence, facilitating conditions on tax compliance. The sample selection technique uses convenience sampling obtained 100 samples taxpayers in Directorate General of Taxation III East Java. Data analyzed using partial least square. The result shows that (1) perceived ease of use does not affect tax compliance. (2) Perceived usefulness has a positive effect on tax compliance. (3) Social influence has a positive effect on tax compliance. (4) Facilitating conditions does not affect tax compliance.
Effect of fairness and knowledge on tax compliance for Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs)
Authors: Pertiwi Ajeng Rachma , Iqbal Syaiful , Baridwan Zaki
Published: January 2020

This study aims to empirically examine the effect of tax fairness and tax knowledge on tax compliance for Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). Azmi and Perumal (2008) identified five of tax fairness dimensions: general fairness, exchanges with the government, special provisions, tax rates structure, and self-interest. Tax knowledge related to tax calculation, tax payment, and tax reporting. This study used a survey method by distributing the questionnaire. The sample used was Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Malang city through the cluster random sampling method. The data obtained were 107 respondents who were processed with the help of SPSS 24. Two regression analyses used in this study are multiple linear regression analysis and simple linear regression analysis. The results of the study using multiple linear regression analysis showed that the three dimensions of tax fairness that affect MSMEs compliance are general fairness, tax rates structure, and self-interest. The results from the simple linear regression analysis show that tax knowledge influences MSMEs' compliance.
Understanding the Entrepreneurial Intention of Female Entrepreneurs in the Balinese Tourism Industry
Authors: Kusumawardani Kunthi Afrilinda , Widyanto Hanif Adinugroho , Deva I Putu Lingga Iswara
Published: January 2020

This research was conducted to explore the factors predicting the Entrepreneurial Intention among female entrepreneurs in the Balinese tourism industry. The theory of planned behaviour (TPB) framework was utilised as the mediating variables, while Exposure to Role Models, Psychological Characteristics, Entrepreneurship Education, and Access to Financial Capital are used as the exogenous variables. This study used a quantitative method by employing the Likert scale for the questionnaires with a total of 352 respondents and analysed using the Structural Equation Modelling (SEM). This study found that Psychological Characteristics and Entrepreneurship Education had an indirect influence on Entrepreneurial Intention through the mediating variables of Personal Attitude and Perceived Behavioural Control. Access to Financial Capital was also found to have an indirect influence on Entrepreneurial Intention with the Perceived Behavioural Control as the mediating variable
Public Caning: Should it Be Maintained or Eliminated? (A Reflection of Implementation Sharia Law in Indonesia)
Authors: Armia Muhammad Siddiq
Published: January 2020

This article investigated the corporal punishment through judicial caning in Aceh, Indonesia. The judicial caning is conducted publicly and easily watched by the crowd, including children. This article aimed to search the facts that occurred during the implementation of judicial canning in Aceh. This study employed a qualitative method, with the interview as the main instrument and also used the black-letter law as a supporting approach. The research finding showed that public caning does not guarantee a deterrent effect on the defendants. In some cases, such as gambling and drinking, some of them will potentially repeat the same cases the following years, because the law concerning gambling and drinking does not accommodate rehabilitation mechanism. Furthermore, children attending the canning process will likely imitate the process in their future life. This research has a clear novelty as publication related to judicial caning is still limited in research and articles regarding the Indonesian legal system.
A National Survey of Orthopaedic Residents Identifies Deficiencies in the Understanding of Medical Statistics
Authors: Araoye Ibukunoluwa , He Jun Kit , Gilchrist Scott , Stubbs Trevor , McGwin Gerald , Ponce Brent A. ,   on behalf of the Collaborative Orthopaedic Educational Research Group
Published: December 2019

Background:

Biomedical research is essential for optimizing patient care. Research has suggested inadequacies in nonorthopaedic trainees’ understanding of study design and biostatistics. This study assesses orthopaedic residents’ knowledge of common biostatistical and study design concepts, as well as their confidence in utilizing the medical literature.

Methods:

A validated survey assessing knowledge and the application of study design concepts was administered to residents at 10 U.S. institutions. The survey tested knowledge as well as confidence and attitudes regarding common biostatistics principles. The association of demographic characteristics, work activities, and confidence and attitude ratings with test performance were examined using t tests and analysis of variance.

Results:

The survey response rate was 64% (178 of 279). The largest group of participants were men (83%, 137 of 165), were between the ages of 26 and 30 years (59%, 105 of 177), and had graduated medical school within the past 4 to 10 years (43%, 76 of 175). Fifty-three percent (93 of 176) had prior biostatistics training, while 44% (77 of 176) had prior epidemiology training. Less than 5% of biostatistics or epidemiology training had taken place after medical school. Forty-seven percent (83 of 176) were unable to determine a study’s design. Thirty-eight percent (67 of 178) could not apply the concept of specificity and sensitivity. Eighty-three percent (147 of 178) could not assess the strength of a relationship using odds ratios. Sixty-nine percent (123 of 178) understood the implications of p values. Previous biostatistics training, but not epidemiology or evidence-based medicine training; inclusion of reading research, attending conferences, and data analysis; as well as a self-reported finding of statistics as important for the analysis of one’s own research data were significantly associated with better test performance (p < 0.05).

Conclusions:

Notable deficits exist in orthopaedic residents’ biostatistical knowledge. Greater emphasis is needed to improve biostatistics and research design training. The impact of biostatistics knowledge and/or aptitude on clinical decision-making is an area of suggested research.
Healing the Index Humeral Shaft Nonunion
Authors: Wiss Donald A. , Garlich John M.
Published: December 2019

Background:

Humeral shaft nonunions are challenging to treat, and those that require >1 surgical procedure in order for a nonunion to heal are termed recalcitrant. Most studies on nonunion have evaluated the union rate independent of the number of procedures required to achieve union. The aims of the present study were (1) to compare the healing rates after the index operation for the treatment of a nonunion with conventional versus locked plating with or without graft augmentation, (2) to report the prevalence of recalcitrant nonunion, and (3) to identify risk factors that predict a recalcitrant nonunion.

Methods:

We performed a retrospective analysis of a prospectively collected database of 125 humeral shaft nonunions treated with open reduction and plate fixation by a single surgeon over 25 years. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were performed to compare healing rates by type of plate fixation and biological augmentation and to identify demographic, injury, and treatment-related risk factors for the development of a recalcitrant nonunion.

Results:

One hundred and five patients (84%) had healing after the index procedure for the treatment of nonunion. Twenty patients (16.0%) required secondary procedures and were defined as having a recalcitrant nonunion. Eight of these patients (6.4% of the overall group) healed after the secondary interventions, and 12 (9.6% of the overall group) had a failure to unite. There were no significant differences in healing rates between conventional and locked plates or between the types of bone graft (autogenous or recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein). Risk factors for the development of a recalcitrant nonunion were plate fixation of the acute humeral fracture, a history of deep infection, and ≥2 prior procedures.

Conclusions:

Plate fixation with bone graft augmentation remains a successful method for the treatment of humeral shaft nonunions. Neither plate type nor graft type reduced the risk of a recalcitrant nonunion. Factors that predicted a recalcitrant nonunion were operative fixation of the acute fracture with a plate, a history of deep infection, and ≥2 surgical procedures.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
PENGARUH BANTUAN KARTU INDONESIA PINTAR (KIP) TERHADAP HARAPAN SEKOLAH DI PROVINSI JAWA TIMUR TAHUN 2017
Authors: Satriawan Bondan
Published: January 2020

This study aims to determine and analyze the effect of the Smart Indonesia Card assistance on school expectations in East Java Province. This research is a quantitative research with 2017 SUSENAS data with 496 consonations. The analysis technique used to prove and test the hypothesis proposed is logistic regression technique. The results of this study resulted in that the Smart Indonesia Card (KIP) had a significant and positive effect on school participation and school participation in the previous school year (2015/2016) in the East Java province. In addition, household characteristics, namely the level of education of the head of the household, also significantly and positively influenced school participation and school participation in the previous school year (2015/2016) in the East Java province. Job status variables of the head of the household have a significant and positive effect on school participation but have no significant effect on school participation in the previous school year (2015/2016).
Wpływ objawów choroby na jakość życia osób ze stwardnieniem rozsianym*
Authors: Jeżuchowska Alicja
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACTIntroduction: Multiple sclerosis is a chronic autoimmune disease, usually occurring between 20 and 40 years of age, where central nervous system demyelination occurs.Materials and methods: After establishing cooperation with 5 departments of the Polish Society of Multiple Sclerosis in Poland and the Rehabilitation Center in Krakow, 179 questionnaires were obtained from people with multiple sclerosis. The study used diagnostic survey methods and standardized Quality of Life Questionnaire Short Form 36.Results: The largest group were women, 72.63%, the average disease duration was 13.18 years, the lowest quality of life values were the domain of social functioning 3.23 ±2.0 points, pain sensation 4.44 ±2.7 points and limitations resulting from the emotional state 8.02 ±6.8 points. A statistically significant correlation was found between age, sex, duration of the disease (p < 0.05) in selected domains and dimensions. The results of the analysis showed statistically significant correlations between the symptoms of the disease and the quality of life assessment in individual categories and dimensions (p < 0.05).Conclusions: 1. Assessment of the quality of life by patients with multiple sclerosis in particular domains is very diverse, with the lowest ranked domain concerning social contacts, the highest domain physical functioning and physical dimension. 2. Elderly people and those who have been suffering from multiple sclerosis for longer have rated their quality of life worse than younger and shorter suffering people. This applies mainly to the domain of physical functioning and the physical dimension. This is probably due to the disease process and adaptation to the changing conditions dictated by the progressive disease. 3. The severity of disease symptoms in people with multiple sclerosis is associated with a decrease in the quality of life of these people.
Wybrane pomiary antropometryczne i MNA (mini nutritional assessment) a niektóre czynniki predykcyjne niedożywienia osób starszych
Authors: Głowacka Mariola , Haor Beata , Zabielska Paulina , Jurczak Anna , Biercewicz Monika , Jabłońska Renata , Karakiewicz-Krawczyk Katarzyna , Karakiewicz Beata
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACTIntroduction: To a vast extent the body’s ageing process affects changes in the human nutritional status and body composition. The nutritional status of elderly people is assessed by means of nutritional history, physical examinations, somatometric measurements, biochemical and immunological tests. Moreover, survey tools (questionnaires, scales) are used in order to perform a screening and in-depth analysis of food intake and nutrition in the elderly. Today, an accurate assessment of body composition is conducted by means of specialist devices, such as those used for bioelectrical impedance analysis and dual X-ray absorptiometry.The objective of the thesis was to analyse the usage of selected anthropometric measurements in correspondence with an mini nutritional assessment (MNA) in studies on the identification of undernourishment in seniors, with consideration of some of the initiating factors of nourishment disorders in the population of the elderly.Methods: A review of articles considered essential from the point of view of the study objective was performed by analysing the PubMed database. The search query used was: “mini nutritional assessment MNA elderly”.Results: Nutritional status measured with the MNA may evaluate the way seniors feel. Overweight and obesity usually results in a worse assessment of the quality of the elderly’s life. A disordered nutritional status could stem from a range of medical, psychological and social factors.Conclusions: The results of anthropometric measurements are essential for an optimal identification of the risk of undernourishment in senior citizens by means of an MNA. They also complement information onthe initiating factors of eating disorders in the population of elderly people. In order to be able to widely use anthropometric measurements to complement knowledge on the nutritional status of the elderly, it is indispensable to conduct studies among healthy senior citizens to obtain information that will serve as reference data.
Problem ponoszenia kosztów związanych ze starzeniem się społeczeństwa – analiza na przykładzie domów pomocy społecznej w gminie miejskiej Szczecin
Authors: Giezek Marta , Iwański Rafał , Kożybska Marta , Zabielska Paulina , Paszkiewicz Monika , Karakiewicz-Krawczyk Katarzyna , Flaga-Gieruszyńska Kinga , Karakiewicz Beata
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACTIntroduction: Selected aspects of securing the needs of dependent elderly persons by the social assistance sector from the perspective of law, society and economics, are presented in the article.The purpose of the article is to evaluate the sources of funding full-time long-term care services for the benefit of dependent elderly persons in Szczecin.Materials and methods: The analysis was based on statistical and financial data concerning the costs of maintenance in nursing homes in Szczecin provided for the benefit of dependent persons aged over 65.Results: Currently, the main costs of securing full-time care service needs fulfilled by social assistance institutions are borne by the city, which covers more than half of the expenses connected with care. One third of the cost is covered by the seniors themselves, while the involvement of families in payments does not exceed 5%.Conclusions: A reduction in the number of working age persons, increases in the number of elderly persons, an increasing demand for long-term care facilities, rising average annual costs of maintenance in nursing homes and the very low participation of families in those costs all result in the need to allocate greater amounts of funds in city budgets for providing care for dependent persons aged over 65.
Markedly Increased Ocular Side Effect Causing Severe Vision Deterioration After Chemotherapy Using New or Investigational Epidermal or Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor Inhibitors.
Authors: Shin Eunhae , Lim Dong Hui , Han Jisang , Nam Do-Hyun , Park Keunchil , Ahn Myung-Ju , Kang Won Ki , Lee Jeeyun , Ahn Jin-Seok , Lee Se-Hoon , Sun Jong-Mu , Jung Hyun Ae , Chung Tae-Young
Published: January 2020

Background: We sought to describe corneal epithelial changes after using epidermal (EGFR) or fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) inhibitors as chemotherapy and to clarify incidence and prognosis.
Materials : Retrospective chart review.
Results : Among 6,871 patients and 17 EGFR or FGFR inhibitors, 1,161 patients (16.9%) referred for ophthalmologic examination. In total, 1,145 patients had disease-related or unrelated ocular complications. Among 16 patients with treatment-related ocular complications, three patients had treatment-related radiation retinopathy and one patient showed treatment-related corneal ulcer. Finally the authors identified that, in 12 patients, three EGFR inhibitors and two FGFR inhibitors caused corneal epithelial lesions. Vandetanib, Osimertinib, and ABT-414 caused vortex keratopathy in nine patients, while ASP-5878 and FPA-144 caused epithelial changes resembling corneal dysmaturation in three patients. The mean interval until symptoms appeared was 246 days with vandetanib, 196 days with osimertinib, 30 days with ABT-414, 55 days with ASP-5878, and 70 days with FPA-144. The mean of the lowest logarithm of minimal angle of resolution visual acuity results of the right and left eyes after chemotherapy were 0.338 and 0.413. The incidence rates of epithelial changes were 15.79% with vandetanib, 0.005% with osimertinib, 100% with ABT-414, 50.0% with ASP-5878, and 18.2% with FPA-144. After excluding deceased patients and those who were lost to follow-up or still undergoing treatment, we confirmed the reversibility of corneal lesions after the discontinuation of each agent. Seven patients showed full recovery of their vision and corneal epithelium, while three achieved a partial level of recovery. Although patients diagnosed with glioblastoma used prophylactic topical steroids before and during ABT-414 therapy, all developed vortex keratopathy.
Conclusions: EGFR and FGFR inhibitors are chemotherapy agents that could make corneal epithelial changes. Contrary to the low probability of ocular complication with old EGFR drugs, recently introduced EGFR and FGFR agents showed a high incidence of ocular complication with severe vision distortion. Doctors should forewarn patients planning chemotherapy with these agents that decreased visual acuity could develop due to corneal epithelial changes and also reassure them that the condition could be improved after the end of treatment without the use of steroid eye drops.
Oxaliplatin resistance is enhanced by saracatinib via upregulation Wnt-ABCG1 signaling in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Liao Xia , Song Ge , Xu Zihan , Bu Yang , Chang Fan , Jia Fengan , Xiao Xuelian , Ren Xuejiao , Zhang Mei , Jia Qingan
Published: January 2020

Background: Chemo-resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major problem, and acquired drug resistance prevents cancer therapies from achieving complete responses. Molecular targeting therapy presents an opportunity to impede tumor through combination or sequential therapy, while the accurate effect is vague.
Methods: The efficacy of combinations between oxaliplatin and anti-cancer molecular targeting drugs was screened. Strangely, the combined chemotherapy with oxaliplatin and saracatinib induced significantly antagonistic effects. Then the antitumor effects of combined treatment with saracatinib and oxaliplatin were confirmed in wide type HCC as well as in saracatinib- and oxaliplatin-resistant HCC. RNA sequencing was used to explore the resistance mechanism, and the roles of ABCG1 and Wnt signaling in oxaliplatin resistance were confirmed.
Results: Chemotherapy with oxaliplatin and saracatinib individually induced strong anti-HCC effects, while combined or sequential treatment of HCC cells with these two drugs exhibited reduced efficacy compared to treatment with the single drugs. And it was saracatinib treatment caused oxaliplatin resistance. RNA sequencing revealed 458 genes that were altered by treatment with saracatinib and oxaliplatin. Of these, the gene encoding the ATP-binding cassette transporter G1 ABCG1 and Wnt-associated genes were significantly upregulated. Upregulation of ABCG1 and oxaliplatin resistance were associated with activation of Wnt signaling. Interference with ABCG1 expression or inhibition of Wnt signaling resulted in reversal of the saracatinib-induced oxaliplatin resistance in HCC.
Conclusions: These studies demonstrated that combined or sequential chemotherapy with oxaliplatin and saracatinib reduced antitumor efficacy, and this antagonism was attributed to the activation of Wnt signaling and upregulation of ABCG1 by saracatinib.
Characterization of a vacuolar sucrose transporter, HbSUT5, from Hevea brasiliensis: involvement in latex production through regulation of intracellular sucrose transport in the bark and laticifers
Authors: long xiangyu , Li Heping , Yang Jianghua , Xin Lusheng , He Bin , Huang Debao , Tang Chaorong
Published: January 2020

Background: Sucrose (Suc), as the precursor molecule for rubber biosynthesis in Hevea brasiliensis , is transported via phloem-mediated long-distance transport from leaves to laticifers in trunk bark, where latex (cytoplasm of laticifers) is tapped for rubber. In our previous report, six Suc transporter (SUT) genes have been cloned in Hevea tree, among which HbSUT3 is verified to play an active role in Suc loading to the laticifers. In this study, another latex-abundant SUT isoform, HbSUT5 , with expressions only inferior to HbSUT3 was characterized especially for its roles in latex production.
Results: Both phylogenetic analysis and subcellular localization identify HbSUT5 as a tonoplast-localized SUT protein under the SUT4-clade (=type III). Suc uptake assay in baker’s yeast reveals HbSUT5 to be a typical Suc-H + symporter, but its high affinity for Suc (Km = 2.03 mM at pH 5.5) and the similar efficiency in transporting both Suc and maltose making it a peculiar SUT under the SUT4-clade. At the transcript level, HbSUT5 is abundantly and preferentially expressed in Hevea barks. The transcripts of HbSUT5 are conspicuously decreased both in Hevea latex and bark by two yield-stimulating treatments of tapping and ethephon, the patterns of which are contrary to HbSUT3. Under the ethephon treatment, the Suc level in latex cytosol decreases significantly, but that in latex lutoids (polydispersed vacuoles) changes little, suggesting a role of the decreased HbSUT5 expression in Suc compartmentalization in the lutoids and thus enhancing the Suc sink strength in laticifers.
Conclusions: Our findings provide insights into the roles of a vacuolar sucrose transporter, HbSUT5, in Suc exchange between lutoids and cytosol in rubber-producing laticifers.
Reliability and correlation of mixture cell correction in methylomic and transcriptomic blood data
Authors: Chaumette Boris , Kebir Oussama , Dion Patrick A. , Rouleau Guy A. , Krebs Marie-Odile
Published: January 2020

Objectives: DNA methylome and RNA transcriptome studies are growing, but investigators have to consider the cell type composition of tissues used. In blood samples, for instance, data reflect the picture of a mixture of cells. Specialized algorithms address the cell-type heterogeneity issue. We tested if the estimation of cell-type composition in the blood is correlated between two heterogeneous datasets. Results: We used methylome and transcriptome datasets obtained from a cohort of ten individuals whose blood was sampled at two different timepoints. We examined how the cell composition derived from these omics correlated with each other using “CIBERSORT” for transcriptome and “EstimateCellCounts function” for the methylome. The correlation coefficients between the two omic datasets range from 0.45 to 0.81. There was a minimal correlation between the two timepoints using the same algorithm. Our results suggest that a posteriori correction of a mixture of cells present in blood samples is reliable. Using an omic dataset to correct a second dataset for relative fractions of cells seems to be appropriate, but only when the samples are simultaneously collected. Such approaches could be beneficial when there are difficulties to control the cell types in the second dataset, even when the sample size is limited.
Differential expression of IDA (INFLORESCENCE DEFICIENT IN ABSCISSION)-like genes in Nicotiana benthamiana during corolla abscission, stem growth and water stress
Authors: Ventimilla Daniel , Domingo Concha , Gonzalez-Ibeas Daniel , Talon Manuel , Tadeo Francisco R.
Published: January 2020

Background
IDA (INFLORESCENCE DEFICIENT IN ABSCISSION)-like signaling peptides and the associated HAE (HAESA)-like family of receptor kinases were originally reported in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana (Arabidopsis) to be deeply involved in the regulation of abscission. Actually, IDA peptides, as cell-to-cell communication elements, appear to be implicated in many developmental processes that rely on cell separation events, and even in the responses to abiotic stresses. However, the knowledge related to the molecular machinery regulating abscission in economically important crops is scarce. In this work, we determined the conservation and phylogeny of the IDA -like and HAE -like gene families in relevant species of the Solanaceae family and analyzed the expression of these genes in the allopolyploid Nicotiana benthamiana, in order to identify members involved in abscission, stem growth and in the response to drought conditions.
Results
The phylogenetic relationships among the IDA -like members of the Solanaceae studied, grouped the two pairs of NbenIDA1 and NbenIDA2 protein homeologs with the Arabidopsis prepropeptides related to abscission. Analysis of promoter regions searching for regulatory elements showed that these two pairs of homeologs contained both hormonal and drought response elements, although NbenIDA2A lacked the hormonal regulatory elements. Expression analyses showed that the pair of NbenIDA1 homeologs were upregulated during corolla abscission. NbenIDA1 and NbenIDA2 pairs showed tissue differential expression under water stress conditions, since NbenIDA1 homeologs were highly expressed in stressed leaves while NbenIDA2 homeologs, especially NbenIDA2B , were highly expressed in stressed roots. In non-stressed active growing plants, nodes and internodes were the tissues with the highest expression levels of all members of the IDA -like family and their putative HAE -like receptors.
Conclusion
Our results suggest that the pair of NbenIDA1 homeologs are involved in the natural process of corolla abscission while both pairs of NbenIDA1 and NbenIDA2 homeologs are implicated in the response to water stress. The data also suggest that IDA peptides may be important during stem growth and development. These results provide additional evidence that the functional module formed by IDA peptides and its receptor kinases, as defined in Arabidopsis, may also be conserved in Solanaceae.
LncRNA and transcriptomic analysis of fetal membrane reveal potential targets involved in oligohydramnios
Authors: Ou Yu-hua , Liu Yu-kun , Zhu Li-qiong , Chen Man-qi , Yi Xiao-chun , Chen Hui , Zhang Jian-ping
Published: January 2020

Background: The multiple causes of oligohydramnios make it challenging to study. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are sets of RNAs that have been proven to function in multiple biological processes. The purpose of this study is to study expression level and possible role of lncRNAs in oligohydramnios.
Methods: In this study, total RNA was isolated from fetal membranes resected from oligohydramnios pregnant women (OP) and normal amount of amniotic fluid pregnant women (Normal). LncRNA microarray was used to analyze the differentially expressed lncRNAs and mRNAs. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) was used to analyze the main enrichment pathways of differentially expressed mRNAs. Real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) was used to validate the lncRNA expression level.
Results: LncRNA microarray analysis revealed that a total of 801 lncRNAs and 367 mRNAs were differentially expressed in OP; in these results, 638 lncRNAs and 189 mRNAs were upregulated, and 163 lncRNAs and 178 mRNAs were downregulated. Of the lncRNAs, 566 were intergenic lncRNA, 351 were intronic antisense lncRNA, and 300 were natural antisense lncRNA. The differentially expressed lncRNAs were primarily located in chromosomes 2, 1, and 11. KEGG enrichment pathways revealed that the differentially expressed mRNAs were enriched in focal adhesion as well as in the signaling pathways of Ras, TNF, estrogen, and chemokine. The qPCR results confirmed that LINC00515 and RP11-388P9.2 were upregulated in OP. Furthermore, the constructed lncRNA–miRNA–mRNA regulatory network revealed TNR, CFTR, ABCA12, and COL9A2 as the candidate targets of LINC00515 and RP11-388P9.2.
Conclusions:
In summary, we revealed the profiles of lncRNA and mRNA in OP. These results may offer potential targets for biological prevention for pregnant women with oligohydramnios detected before delivery and provide a reliable basis for clinical biological treatment in OP.
Characterization of wheat homeodomain-leucine zipper family genes and functional analysis of TaHDZ5-6A in drought tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis
Authors: Li Shumin , Chen Nan , Li Fangfang , Mei Fangming , Wang Zhongxue , Cheng Xinxiu , Kang Zhensheng , Mao Hude
Published: January 2020

Background: Many studies in Arabidopsis and rice have demonstrated that HD-Zip transcription factors play important roles in plant development and responses to abiotic stresses. Although common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the most widely cultivated and consumed food crops in the world, the function of the HD-Zip proteins in wheat is still largely unknown. Results: To explore the potential biological functions of HD-Zip genes in wheat, we performed a bioinformatics and gene expression analysis of the HD-Zip family. We identified 113 HD-Zip members from wheat and classified them into four subfamilies (I-IV) based on phylogenic analysis against proteins from Arabidopsis, rice, and maize. Most HD-Zip genes are represented by two to three homeoalleles in wheat, which are named as TaHDZX_ZA, TaHDZX_ZB, or TaHDZX_ZD, where X denotes the gene number and Z the wheat chromosome on which it is located. TaHDZs in the same subfamily have similar protein motifs and intron/exon structures. The expression profiles of TaHDZ genes were analysed in different tissues, at different stages of vegetative growth, during seed development, and under drought stress. We found that most TaHDZ genes, especially those in subfamilies I and II, were induced by drought stress, suggesting the potential importance of subfamily I and II TaHDZ members in the responses to abiotic stress. Compared with wild-type (WT) plants, transgenic Arabidopsis plants overexpressing TaHDZ5-6A displayed enhanced drought tolerance, lower water loss rates, higher survival rates, and higher proline content under drought conditions. Additionally, the transcriptome analysis identified a number of differentially expressed genes between 35S::TaHDZ5-6A transgenic and wild-type plants, many of which are involved in stress response. Conclusions: Our results will facilitate further functional analysis of wheat HD-Zip genes, and also indicate that TaHDZ5-6A may participate in regulating the plant response to drought stress. Our experiments show that TaHDZ5-6A holds great potential for genetic improvement of abiotic stress tolerance in crops.
Psychometric properties of the Adelaide Diagnostic Learning Inventory - Brief (ADLIB)
Authors: Minas Harry
Published: January 2020

Objective: There has been increased attention in recent years to mental health, quality of life, stress and academic performance among university students, and the possible influence of learning styles. Brief reliable questionnaires are useful in large-scale multivariate research designs, such as the largely survey-based research on well-being and academic performance of university students. The objective of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of a briefer version of the 39-item Adelaide Diagnostic Learning Inventory. Results: In two survey samples - medical and physiotherapy students - a 21-item version Adelaide Diagnostic Learning Inventory - Brief (ADLIB) was shown to have the same factor structure as the parent instrument, and the factor structure of the brief instrument was found to generalise across students of medicine and physiotherapy. Sub-scale reliability estimations were in the order of magnitude of the parent instrument. Sub-scale inter-correlations, inter-factor congruence coefficients, and correlations between ADLIB sub-scale scores and several external measures provide support support for the construct and criterion validity of the instrument.
Time to Change’s social marketing campaign for a new target population: results from 2017-2019.
Authors: González-Sanguino Clara , Potts Laura C , Milenova Maria , Henderson Claire
Published: January 2020

Background. Since 2009 Time to Change has included among its strategies a social marketing campaign to tackle the stigma surrounding mental health problems. At the start of its third phase (2016-2021) the target group of the campaign was kept as people between their mid-twenties and mid-forties but changed to middle-low income groups, with the content focused on men .
Methods. Participants (n=3700) were recruited through an online market research panel, before and after each burst of the campaign. They completed an online questionnaire evaluating knowledge (Mental Health Knowledge Schedule, MAKS); attitudes (Community Attitudes toward Mental Illness, CAMI); and desire for social distance (Intended Behaviour subscale of the Reported and Intended Behaviour Scale, RIBS). Socio-demographic data and awareness of the campaign were also collected.
Results. For each of the 3 bursts, significant pre-post awareness differences were found (OR=2.83, CI=1.90-4.20, p<0.001; OR=1.72, CI=1.22-2.42, p=0.002; OR=1.41, CI=1.01-1.97, p=0.043), and awareness at the end of the third burst was 33%. Demographic factors associated with awareness for one or more bursts included having children, familiarity with mental illness, male sex, being Black, Asian or other ethnic minorities and living in London or the East Midlands regions. An improvement across bursts in the “living with” subscale item of the RIBS, and in the “recover” and “advice to a friend” MAKS items were found. Familiarity with mental illness had the strongest association with all outcome measures, while the awareness of the campaign was also related with higher scores in MAKS and RIBS.
Conclusions. These interim results suggest that the campaign is reaching and having an impact on its new target audience to a similar extent as did the TTC phase 1 campaign. While over the course of TTC we have found no evidence that demographic differences in stigma have widened, and indeed those by age group and region of England have narrowed, those for socioeconomic status, ethnicity and sex have so far remained unchanged. By targeting a lower socioeconomic group and creating relatively greater awareness among men and in Black and ethnic minority groups, the campaign is showing the potential to address these persistent differences in stigma.
HPV genotypes and epidemiology in women cervical cancer in Senegal.
Authors: NIANE kHADIDIATOU , DIAGNE Cheikh Tidiane , DIOP Gora , DIA Ndongo , TALLA Cheikh , LOUCOUBAR Cheikh , NDIAYE Moussa , Niang Mbayame , DIALLO Aissatou , KA Sidy , DIEYE Alioune , Sall Amadou Alpha , DEM Ahmadou
Published: January 2020

Background
In sub-Saharan Africa, cervical cancer is increasing steadily, with more than 75,000 new cases and nearly 50,000 deaths a year (Mboumba et al., 2017). In Senegal, pathologies such as cervical cancer are at the top of the causes of death and Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the aetilogical agent (Steenbergen et al., 2005).
Methods
The aim of the study is to analyze the distribution of HPV among Senegalese women with cervical cancer. Main objectives of this study are to identify the HPV types associated or “co-associated” with cervical oncogenesis in Senegal. The correlations with risk factors of cervix carcinogenesis, with risk factors, were analyze too. Cervical biopsies were performed on women hospitalized at Aristide Hospital Le Dantec-Julio Curie Institute. Three methods has been used to detect HPV genotypes - SANGERsequencing genotyping (Applied BioSystems), PCR real-time approach technique (HPV 16 & 18 RealTime PCR kit) (www.bioneer.co.kr) and the genotyping approach from Chippron (HPV kit 3.5 LCDArray) (info@chipron.com).
Results
It this study, patients had multiple infections (co-infections) at all, and the majority of coinfections was High-risk types (HR-HPV types). The most common type of HPV in our study were 16 (systematically detected in more than half of our patients), 18 (44%), 45 (33%), 33 (31%), 59 (28%), 35 (12%), 31 (11%), 58 (8%), 39 and 73 (4%), 44, 54 and 68 (3%) and the rest less than 1%.
. Among co-infections detected in different regions of Senegal among women with cervical cancer, we found that HPV types 16 and 18 had the highest prevalence. In the Dakar region, which had the highest number of cases, a prevalence of
17.89% of HR-HPV co-infections was noted.
Conclusion
Polygamy represents a cofactor in the occurrence of cervical cancer in Senegalese women. No association between HPV-High Risk co-infections and cancer stages.