bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
User-Centered Development of Internet- and Mobile-Based Interventions for Sexual Dysfunction and Well-Being: Insights from a Qualitative Study
Authors: Fenski Friederike , Becker Salome , Dahlhues Sarah , Esch Luisa-Felicitas , Fröhlich Katharina , Haedrich Annika , Karg Alexandra , Krugel Alexa , Merico Virginia , Riemann Charlotte , Schleinecke Luza , Schumann Carlotta , Sikorski Lara , Wilm Lisa , Schaeuffele Carmen
Published: December 2024

Background. Sexual dysfunctions and well-being are critical areas of mental health that remain under-addressed in traditional psychotherapeutic settings. From a patient’s view, reasons include feelings of discomfort and fear of stigma. Internet- and mobile-based interventions (IMIs) may offer a way to reach this population and provide necessary support. Thus far, few studies investigated IMIs for sexual dysfunctions, mostly targeting specific disorders, like erectile dysfunction or vaginismus. This study aimed to identify the key requirements for developing an IMI for a broader range of sexual dysfunctions and sexual well-being from the perspective of potential users. Method. To gather insights into user needs and preferences, we conducted 13 semi-structured interviews with adult participants in Germany that reported to have sexual problems. Interviews were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Categories were established deductively-inductively from transcribed interview records based on a rigorous coding method.Results. Key findings revealed that expert knowledge and destigmatization are crucial components for a potential IMI for sexual dysfunctions and well-being. Preferred content topics included communication, dealing with sexualized violence, and sexual preferences. The design should prioritize clarity, customizability, and neutrality. While most participants were open to using a potential IMI with their partners and preferred on-demand professional support, the study also highlighted the importance of avoiding insensitivity and inappropriate content related to sexual abuse. Conclusions. This study underlines the importance of developing an IMI targeting sexual problems that is inclusive, responsive to diverse user needs, and adaptable to various psychotherapeutic contexts.
Construimos una escuela que promueva la expression de nuestras emociones . Cuadernillo para estudiantes.
Authors: Claro Espejo Natalia , Cárdenas Macher Luis Daniel , Herrera Alonso José Carlos
Published: December 2024

La “Caja de herramientas para una ciudadanía democrática” es una propuesta pedagógica que comprende materiales educativos para estudiantes, docentes y directivos de escuelas secundarias. Busca contribuir a la formación de una ciudadanía activa, comprometida con valores y principios democráticos, así como al desarrollo personal de las y los adolescentes a través de iniciativas creativas que faciliten la organización de proyectos en beneficio de sus comunidades.
Esta herramienta se sitúa en el área de Desarrollo Personal, Ciudadanía y Cívica (DPCC) del Currículo Nacional de la Educación Básica (CNEB) del Perú. Asimismo, involucra a las áreas de Comunicación y Arte y Cultura. Este material se ha implementado en diversas instituciones educativas públicas, en alianza con el Jurado Nacional de Elecciones (JNE) y Fe y Alegría del Perú.
Sus objetivos están enfocados en que las y los estudiantes:
• Fortalezcan su ciudadanía activa, promoviendo su participación en la vida pública y su compromiso con los valores democráticos.
• Desarrollen sus competencias para abordar los desafíos sociales y políticos de su entorno, que aporten en la construcción de una sociedad democrática, institucional y participativa.
• Construyan una identidad personal que les permita reconocer sus intereses, valores y capacidades, y actuar de acuerdo con ellos.
Véase también el Guía para docentes.
Water content, fractional composition of water, carbohydrate and fatty acid composition of lipids in renewal buds of Hylotelephium triphyllum (Crassulaceae) during overwintering
Authors: Tabalenkova G. N. , Malyshev R. V. , Atoyan M. S.
Published: December 2024

Renewal buds are a good model for studying growth, metabolism and bioenergetics under the influence of environmental factors (light, temperature). Such studies can provide new information about physiological, biochemical and molecular mechanisms of shoot growth at the stage of growth inside the bud under the influence of exogenous and endogenous factors. The paper contains the data on seasonal changes in energy metabolism, fractional composition of water, content of photosynthetic pigments, soluble carbohydrates, protein, and fatty acids in renewal buds of Hylotelephium triphyllum (Haw.) Holub. In the renewal buds formed in August, the total water content is about 85%, the share of water passing into the crystalline state – more than 90%, the temperature of the water-to-ice phase transition – −6°C. The intensity of respiration decreases, and the rate of energy storage, accumulation of soluble carbohydrates and unsaturated fatty acids increases gradually against the high water content and high proportion of unbounded water in plant tissues as long as the average daily temperatures decrease. There is a direct relationship between the respiration intensity, heat release, and energy storage. During the autumn-winter-spring period, the proportion of stored energy from the energy produced by respiration is about 40%. The formation of the photosynthetic apparatus of renewal buds is accompanied by a decrease in the rate of heat release and in the amount of stored energy. The swelling of buds proceeds simultaneously with an increase in the content of fatty acids, which indicates the activation their synthesis and coincides with the spring maximum content of chlorophylls and carotenoids. At this period, the total water content is about 75%, the proportion of water passing into the crystalline state – about 99%.
The temperature of the water-to-ice phase transition is −4.7°C. This temperature value of ice formation is probably the minimum possible temperature at which irreversible damages to cellular structures occur in renewal buds. Consequently, the high water saturation in renewal buds of Hylotelephium triphyllum maintains metabolic processes and, as a result, favors the implementation of morphophysiological and structural rearrangements in them but also significantly increases the risk of damage by negative temperatures in low-snow winters.
The role of action depolymerization in the changes of inhibitory control during long-term potentiation of excitatory transmission in the rat hippocampus
Authors: Kudryashova I. V.
Published: December 2024

The plasticity of inhibitory resposes during CA3-CA1 long-term potentiation (LTP) in the rat hippocampal slices was studied by the method of paired-pulse stimulation. Coefficients of inhibition were estimated by the differences between IPSP dependent and independent paired-pulse plasticity. In the experimental group high frequency stimulation of Schaffer collaterals was delivered under jasplakinolide exposure, this inhibitor of actin depolymerization is used also as activator of actin polymerization. It was shown that the feature of LTP development after induction with blockade of actin depolymerization include altered modification profile of inhibition, specifically involved in resposes to paired-pulse stimulation. Initial enhancement of inhibition depended on the value before tetanization. Therefore this factor may be responsible for between-group differences and it was taken into account in the evaluation of specific for posttetanic depolymerization changes. In result, this phase is related to disinhibition disorder during LTP consolidation and maintenance. It may be assumed that coordinating role of actin cytoskeleton is essential for balanced modifications of excitatory and inhibitory transmission during long-term plasticity.
Homo urbanus in the modal discourse of being: the problem of part and whole
Authors:   Moscow City Pedagogical University, Trubina Natalya A.
Published: December 2024

Modern philosophical thought about the ex-istence of man is pluralistic. The explanation of the nature of human existence is a synthe-sis of the understandings borrowed from both traditional teachings, which have emerged within essentialism and focus on searching for the essence of man, and developing trends such as existentialism, postmodernism, based on the ideas of dynamics in human existence and reflecting the change of social roles and the search for the meanings of existence. The variety of available methodological approach-es to human existence often reduces the field of research to relativism, but, at the same time, the questions about the nature of being and the essence of man remain open. The ex-istence of modern man unfolds mainly accord-ing to the laws of diverse, multi-vector, com-plex urban life. To substantiate the problem of the existence of homo urbanus, a new methodological solution is required, which resides within the ontology itself. This will provide a holistic study of the existence of a modern “urban” person, explaining at the same time the variability of the manifesta-tions of human existence. The appeal to the modal discourse allows us to see the actual, potential, virtual levels in the being of a modern urban person, which are folded into each other, and consider them in unity. Mod-al discourse explains the variability of the essence of an urban person that is possible during the transitions from one level to another, which manifests itself in the actualization of opportunities, the choice of social roles, and the search for a Self.
The university in its main features, or The essence of university education
Authors:   Saint-Petersburg State University, Shaposhnikova Yulia V.
Published: December 2024

The obvious need to rethink and reform uni-versity education, which is evidenced by the increasing number of publications on this top-ic both in Russian and international scientific periodicals, makes the task of discovering the essence and defining the purpose of the uni-versity particularly acute. The implementation of this task calls for the identification of major features distinguishing the university from other educational institutions. The author proceeds from the analysis of historical back-ground for the birth of medieval universities, the Humboldtian project of the research uni-versity, educational views of John Henry Newman, philosophical reflections of H. Orte-ga y Gasset, J. Derrida, and B. Readings on the idea and mission of the university, and some modern trends in the field of higher educa-tion. The article highlights the main features and functions of university education that al-low to speak about the essence of the univer-sity as such. The following features are con-sidered in the article: 1) in its emergence and functioning, the university is inseparable from the general socio-political and economic con-text and reflects all the main trends occurring in society and the political-economic sphere; 2) the role of the university as alma mater consists in social and spiritual unification and protection of its wards (students and profes-sors), driven by the common interest of self-less service to science; 3) the university is a unique and somewhat autonomous environ-ment for the growth of knowledge and per-sonal improvement; 4) the image of the uni-versity is mutable, and university educational institutions are inherently changeable due to the diversity of ideals underlying them, the essential impracticability of these and all oth-er ideals, and because of the constantly changing social environment of which the university is a part.
In search of purely scientific culture: a normative critique of scientism, Karl Popper, and Thomas Kuhn’s dispositions
Authors:   Azim Premji University, Rajan Dr.
Published: December 2024

As science continues to expand its capacity to explain the nature of existence and reality, a new belief system has emerged regarding how humans can acquire pure knowledge, often referred to as Scientism. Scientism posits that science is the exclusive source of knowledge about the world. This belief gained promi-nence in the early 20th century, influenced by movements such as logical positivism. Prominent thinkers such as Karl Popper, A.O. Quine, Thomas Kuhn, and Ernest Nagel have contributed to the refinement of scientific practice. This article offers a critical philoso-phy of science, safeguarding it from dogmas, biases and pseudo-practices while engaging with Karl Popper and Thomas Kuhn's notions of “Real-Science” and enhancing the pursuit of a purely scientific culture. The history and philosophy of science owe much to Karl Pop-per and Thomas Kuhn, who delved into signif-icant aspects of the philosophy of science, in-cluding its logic, doctrines, and evolution. Aligned with the viewpoints of Karl Popper and Thomas Kuhn, this paper is structured in-to five sections. When examined collectively and viewed through the lens of the herme-neutic circle, these sections share the over-arching objective of elucidating the essence and methodology of science, providing a cri-tique of scientism, and, as a result, presenting a blueprint for guiding the transition towards purely scientific culture and temperament:
1. Introduction: Science, Scientific Prac-tice, and its logical Foundations
2. Induction and Background Theories of Scientific Practice
3. Socratic Spirit in the Karl Popper’s Fal-sificationism
4. Thomas Kuhn and the Systematic Phases of Scientific Growth
5. Conclusion and an Integrated Way to pure Scientific Culture.
Technogenic civilization and symbolic capital of science
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences, Maslanov Evgeniy V.
Published: December 2024

The article is devoted to the specifics of the existence of science within the framework of technogenic civilization. Particular attention is paid to the historical transformations that have occurred in science in modern times. It is noted that both in the process of the emergence and formation of modern scien-tific knowledge, and within the framework of technogenic civilization, science seeks to find support from other social actors. During its in-fancy, science does not yet have sufficient symbolic capital to support its own research practices. After establishing its own institu-tional position, the scientific community within the framework of disciplinary science is engaged in creative destruction and re-creation of symbolic capital. This allows him to assert his autonomy and speak on behalf of the only true “science” to which lay people do not have access. In a technogenic civiliza-tion, the active use of science in economic and social life leads to the formation of coali-tions with various agents. The coalitions are needed to disseminate their own achieve-ments in society. As a result, a specific situa-tion of the functioning of science is formed, which can be described using the concept of post-normal science. It involves making im-portant decisions based on scientific knowledge in conditions of high uncertainty regarding the facts being studied. All this leads to the erosion of the symbolic capital of science within this new state.
The Second Congress on the History of Science and Technology in London, 1931 in the history of science of the first half of the XXth century. Part II. The holding of the congress and its significance for historiography
Authors:   S. I. Vavilov Institute for the History of Science and Technology, the Russian Academy of Science, St. Petersburg Вranch, Kupriyanov Viktor A.
Published: December 2024

The article represents the second part of a study devoted to the history of the Second International Congress on the History of Science in London in 1931. Based on Russian and foreign sources, the author reconstructs the program of the congress and shows the progress of its implementation. The Second International Congress in London aimed to attract as much attention as possible to the professionalization of the history of science. As shown in the article, the topics of the congress concerned general issues of the history of science and philosophy of science, as well as theoretical problems of natural science (biology and physics). From a philosophical point of view, the organizers of the congress were close to the positivist philosophy of O. Comte, which was developed by such famous historians of science as P. Tannery and J. Sarton. The author points out that Soviet scientists saw the purpose of their participation in the congress somewhat differently: for them it was important to show the achievements of the young Soviet state, as well as to spread Marxist-Leninist philosophy. Political tasks were also not excluded, as the head of the Soviet delegation N.I. Bukharin viewed differences in scientific viewpoints through the prism of political views. The author draws attention to the significance of the Second International Congress on the History of Science for the historiography of science. It is indicated that Soviet scientists influenced the work of English Marxist scientists. The article presents the names of the most famous English scientists, whose worldview was seriously affected by the influence of Soviet delegates at the historical and scientific congress of 1931. In general, the author shows that although the significance of the participation of Soviet scientists in the congress should not be exaggerated, it must be recognized that it was Marxist historiography that paved the way for the development of externalism in the history and philosophy of science, proposing the first serious externalist program.
Psychological and emotional status and actual problem background of Russia’s society at the end of 2022: the focus group discussions conclusions
Authors:   Institute of Sociology of Federal Research Centre  of Russian Academy of Sciences, Barash Raisa E.
Published: December 2024

Analyzing sociological data from the focus group discussions that took place in the Nizh-ny Novgorod region, in the Tyumen and Ros-tov ones in October-November, 2022, the au-thor investigates the current psychological and emotional status of the Russia’s citizens, as well as the problems, that are mostly im-portant for them.
Sociological data indicated, that the Special military operation (SVO) in Ukraine, started in February, 2022, as well as the mobilization, announced in September, had the key influ-ence on the citizens’ emotions: many inform-ants felt by the end of the year uncertainty, fear and anxiety. However, despite their con-cern and feeling of impotence, many focus groups participants supported SVO, especially the old men who used to receive news and analytical information from the federal TV. Despite warring about the current situation, the respondents mostly supported the gen-eral vector of the state development. Alt-hough the opinion polarization about current Russian politics, many citizens were consoli-dated within their “closest circle” of family, friends, and like-minded people under the request for mutual help and mutual support.
Creativity in science and the “creativity” of artificial intelligence. The question of real creativity
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy, Rus-sian Academy of Sciences, Sakharova Anna V.
Published: December 2024

The paper presents a socio-historical approach to creativity applied to the problem of artificial intelligence (AI). Cases that demonstrate the possibility of interpreting a scientific result obtained by AI as creative are considered in a socio-historical context. It is indicated that in this case, an anthropocentric bias often arises, in which a person who has achieved similar results is instantly assigned the status of a creative subject. At the same time, much higher requirements are put forward for the result obtained by AI, regarding both the level of novelty and value of the result (the result must be no less than brilliant, at the level of a Nobel laureate), and the procedural aspects of obtaining the result (psychological, meaningful, complete independence and independence at work). However, these same requirements are not always presented to a person. Scientists, for example, may depend on customers for scientific work or the leadership of a scientific organization, and research is often carried out collectively. The article proposes to evaluate AI on the same scale as human actors and, if creative results are obtained, to consider artificial intelligence truly, without reservation, creative.
Transdisciplinarity of digital knowledge as a problem of social philosophy of science
Authors:   Saratov State University, Tikhonova Sophia V. , Grishechkina Nataliya V. ,   Saratov State University,   Saratov Medical State Universi-ty
Published: December 2024

The article deals with the specifics of trans-disciplinarity, which is understood as the basic feature of digital knowledge. Starting from the idea of heterogeneity of the com-position of communicants engaged in the production of transdisciplinary knowledge, the authors consider possible socio-philosophical perspectives of transdiscipli-narity. Firstly, they proceed from the univer-sal status of hybrid knowledge in a digital so-ciety in which scientific knowledge is inte-grated into a wide variety of formats, includ-ing specialized institutional ones. Secondly, they consider the dependence of the insti-tutional presuppositions of communicants on the type of social development. Thirdly, the authors continue to develop the con-cept of social philosophy put forward by I.T. Kasavin, considering the latter as a “two-subject” interdisciplinary field located at the junction of the philosophy of science and social philosophy, and striving to concretize its socio-philosophical side. Turning to the modern discussion on the subject of social philosophy, which has been permanently ongoing throughout the current century, the authors insist on the possibility and justifica-tion of referring the problem of transdisci-plinarity to this subject. Here, they proceed both from the fact that transdisciplinarity is generated by a pluralistic dialogue between science and society, in which a variety of so-cial forces and social groups participate on the part of the latter, and from the inevita-ble connection of science towards society, associating with the fusion of science and the entire modern system of institutional-ized professions, production, consumption and management. On this basis, the authors consider the evolution of the implicit image of society reproduced at different stages of the development of the STS and come to the conclusion that this image is no less significant for social development than the im-ages of social theory.
POLA ASUH MAKAN, PEMILIHAN MAKANAN DAN PERILAKU PILIH MAKANAN DENGAN STATUS GIZI ANAK USIA SEKOLAH DI SDN 26 JATI UTARA
Authors: Firman Alifya Nurhanif , Azrimaidaliza  , Resmiati
Published: December 2024

Usia sekolah dasar dapat digunakan sebagai alat untuk mengubah perilaku gizi seseorang dan keluarga, karena usia anak sekolah adalah usia emas yang akan menentukan masa depan negara, kualitas sumber daya manusia, oleh karena itu generasi muda harus mulai diperhatikan sejak usia anak-anak. Masalah yang saat ini muncul pada anak usia Sekolah Dasar (SD) adalah keterlambatan pertumbuhan, penurunan kecerdasan, dan penurunan daya tahan tubuh. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan pola asuh makan, pemilihan makanan pada ibu dan perilaku pilih-pilih makanan dengan status gizi anak usia sekolah di SDN 26 Jati Utara. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross sectional. Sampel penelitian ini adalah 140 anak usia sekolah di SDN 26 Jati Utara kelas 1-6 yang diambil dengan teknik propotional random sampling. Data dikumpulkan dengan pengisian angket dan observasi. Data dianalisis secara univariat, bivariat dan multivariat. Analisis bivariat menggunakan uji Chi-Square dan analisis multivariat menggunakan uji regresi logistik berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 70% anak memiliki status gizi baik, 66,4% diasuh dengan pola asuh makan tidak tepat, 55,7% pemilihan makanan dengan mementingkan kesehatan, 57,1% anak tidak memiliki perilaku pilih-pilih makanan. Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara pola asuh makan dengan status gizi anak (p-value=0,001) dan tidak terdapat hubungan antara pemilihan makanan ibu (p-value=0,419) dan perilaku pilih-pilih makanan pada anak (p-value=0,593) dengan status gizi. Variabel riwayat konsumsi obat cacing merupakan confounding.
Bruchlinien im Block
Authors: Birk Adam
Published: December 2024

Anhand des Verhältnisses der Neuen Rechten und ihrer metapolitischen Strategien zur Alternative für Deutschland (AfD) zeigt sich, dass die neurechten Netzwerke innerhalb und außerhalb der Partei nicht nur deren Machtquelle sind. Denn trotz der gemeinsamen Zielstellung und umfangreichen Arbeitsteilung gibt es Bruchlinien. Diese werden in Hinblick auf die Perspektiven einer möglichen Regierungsbeteiligung oder gar -übernahme der AfD besonders deutlich. Diese Bruchlinien werden herausgearbeitet, um zu erläutern, wie die Neue Rechte sich zu diesen strategisch verhält und ihr Hegemonieprojekt vorantreiben möchte.
ScribeAgent: Towards Specialized Web Agents Using Production-Scale Workflow Data
Authors: Shen Junhong , Jain Atishay , Xiao Zedian , Amlekar Ishan , Hadji Mouad , Podolny Aaron , Talwalkar Ameet
Published: December 2024

Large Language Model (LLM) agents are rapidly improving to handle increasingly complex web-based tasks. Most of these agents rely on general-purpose, proprietary models like GPT-4 and focus on designing better prompts to improve their planning abilities. However, general-purpose LLMs are not specifically trained to understand specialized web contexts such as HTML, and they often struggle with long-horizon planning. We explore an alternative approach that fine-tunes open-source LLMs using production-scale workflow data collected from over 250 domains corresponding to 6 billion tokens. This simple yet effective approach shows substantial gains over prompting-based agents on existing benchmarks—ScribeAgent achieves state-of-the-art direct generation performance on Mind2Web and improves the task success rate by 7.3% over the previous best text-only web agents on WebArena. We further perform detailed ablation studies on various fine-tuning design choices and provide insights into LLM selection, training recipes, context window optimization, and effect of dataset sizes.
PyMatterSim: a Python Data Analysis Library for Computer Simulations of Materials Science, Physics, Chemistry, and Beyond
Authors: Hu Yuanchao , Tian Jian
Published: December 2024

Computer simulation has become one of the most important tools in scientific research in many disciplines. Benefiting from the dynamical trajectories regulated by versatile interatomic interactions, various material properties can be quantitatively characterized at the atomic scale. This greatly deepens our understanding of Nature and provides incredible insights supplementing experimental observations. Hitherto, a plethora of literature discusses the computational discoveries in studying glasses in which positional disorder is inherent in their configurations. Motivated by active research and knowledge sharing, we developed a data analysis library in Python for computational materials science research. We hope to help promote scientific progress and narrow some technical gaps for the wide communities. The toolkit mainly focuses on physical analyses of glassy properties from the open-source simulator LAMMPS. Nevertheless, the code design renders high flexibility, with functionalities extendable to other computational tools. The library provides data-driven insights for different subjects and can be incorporated into advanced machine-learning workflows. The scope of the data analysis methodologies applies not only to materials science but also to physics, chemistry, and beyond.
Exploration of LLM Multi-Agent Application Implementation Based on LangGraph+CrewAI
Authors: Duan Zhihua , Wang Jialin
Published: December 2024

With the rapid development of large model technology, the application of agent technology in various fields is becoming increasingly widespread, profoundly changing people’s work and lifestyles. In complex and dynamic systems, multi-agents achieve complex tasks that are difficult for a single agent to complete through division of labor and collaboration among agents. This paper discusses the integrated application of LangGraph and CrewAI. LangGraph improves the efficiency of information transmission through graph architecture, while CrewAI enhances team collaboration capabilities and system performance through intelligent task allocation and resource management. The main research contents of this paper are: (1) designing the architecture of agents based on LangGraph for precise control; (2) enhancing the capabilities of agents based on CrewAI to complete a variety of tasks. This study aims to delve into the application of LangGraph and CrewAI in multi-agent systems, providing new perspectives for the future development of agent technology, and promoting technological progress and application innovation in the field of large model intelligent agents.
Contamination of winter soft wheat grain with and triticale grains Fusarium fungi in the territory of the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania
Authors: Manukyan Irina
Published: December 2024

Abstract. This article presents the results of studies of the species composition of fusarium fungi found in the affected ear and grain of winter soft wheat and winter triticale. Molecular genetic methods have revealed new fusarium species for the region, and the dominant species have been identified. More types of micromycetes were found on the susceptible variety. Methods. Confirmation of the species was carried out by PCR with universal primers and further sequencing of nucleotide sequences using the Sanger method. The β-tubulin gene region was amplified for sequencing. Results. 14 species of fungi of the genus Fusarium have been identified. The species F. graminearum dominated in all samples (frequency of occurrence 42.8 %). The species F. avenaceum (23.3 %), F. sporotrichioides and F. equiseti (8.8 % each) were noted with high frequency. Next, in descending order of occurrence: F. oxysporum, F. boothii, F. poae, F. proliferatum, F. incarnatum, F. vorosii, F. tricinctum, F. cerealis, F. sambucinum. Scientific novelty. For the first time, six species of fusarium fungi were found in diseased wheat grain: F. boothii, F. vorosii, F. cerealis, F. sporotrichioides, F. oxysporum, F. incarnatum. The results obtained indicate a community of fusarium fungi that are constantly present in the grain agrocenosis. Four species of fusarium have been found in the diseased triticale grain: F. graminearum. F. oxysporum, F. equiseti and F. boothii. Species differ from each other in terms of moisture and temperature requirements, as well as a set of toxic substances of secondary metabolism that ensure competitive interactions between species and successful colonization of the nutrient substrate. The constant presence of a complex of fusarium fungi in the agrocenosis, occupying various ecological niches, ensures continuous infection of the ear and grain, starting from the flowering phase to harvesting.
The intensity of cattle grazing as a factor in changing the productivity and structure of vegetation cover of forest pastures of the Bazhigan sandy massif
Authors: Sivceva Svetlana Nikolaevna , Mahovikova Tat'yana Fedorovna , Rybashlykova Lyudmila
Published: December 2024

Abstract. Scientific novelty. Based on experimental data, new modern knowledge about the productivity of pastures has been obtained to determine the mechanism of their transformation under the influence of pasture load. Practical significance. Data on the regenerative and productive potential of herbaceous plants in the forest pastures of the Bazhigan sandy massif with varying degrees of pasture load were obtained. The results of intensification of pasture land use, without the use of appropriate land reclamation measures, lead to degradation and desertification. In the 70–90 years, the Achikulak scientific research agroforestry experimental station, in large foci of deflation of the Bazhigan sandy massif, carried out forest reclamation with plantations of squat elm and robinia, on an area of more than 500 hectares. Complex multi-tiered plant cenoses were created, including various types of plantings (backstage, strip, savanna), transforming the environment, and as a result, increasing the productivity and sustainability of pasture lands. The purpose of the research is to study the influence of the degree of livestock load on the dynamics of changes in productivity and structure of grassland in pasture and natural lands. Methods. The research was based on field experiments using geobotanical surveys during the growing season. The yield of the forage was determined by the mowing method on each type of pasture in 4-fold repetition. Results. Uncontrolled use of forage lands by animals has an impact on the increasing degree of degradation of pasture phytocenoses, manifested in a violation of the stability of natural ecosystems, low forage productivity (open natural lands 0.07–0.13 t/ha), loss of valuable species of cereals, legumes and various grasses from the herbage, a decrease in their growth and development. It has been established that pastures reclaimed by tree plantations, with their intensive use and not subject to deflation, are 1.1–1.5 times more productive than natural open lands. Pastures with robinia plantations (3.5–4.0 t/ha) have high productivity of herbage during the growing season at optimal and minimum load, respectively. With an increase in the load on pastures, the degree of loss of species is 45–52 % at optimal load, 60–84 % at high load. The supply of phytomass at optimal load decreases by 0.4–0.6 t/ha or 20–22 %, at high by 0.7-–1.3 t/ha or 35–45 %.
Relationship between potassium content and composition of live lambs and subsequent carcasses
Authors:   , Jeremiah Lester Earl
Published: December 2024

"The expected population increase over the next several years will likely result in an increased need for meat. This being the case, there will be a greater demand for more efficient production of meat. In the past emphasis has been placed on the production of pounds of live lamb, rather than on the production of pounds of lean meat. This has resulted in a tendency for producers to overfeed lambs and produce excess fat. However, over the past few years consumers have demanded leaner meats, and this demand has been intensified by their reluctance to pay high prices for unwanted excess fat. The greatest variable influencing the retail yield and value of slaughter lambs is fat. As meat animals grow and mature, their bodies undergo various changes in composition, namely the percentage of moisture in their bodies is reduced and the percentage of fat is increased (Hankins, 1947). Carcasses from younger lambs are more likely to be tender, have less excess fat, and require less intermingling of fat with lean for a given quality grade (Meyer, 1965). In order to produce the type of animal, which will satisfy the consumer's increasing desires for leaner meats of high quality, it is necessary to develop better means for determining the whole-body composition of not only slaughter animals, but also breeding animals. To do this, it would be desirable to develop a method, which has sufficient accuracy to predict the composition of live animals, carcasses, and component parts. Therefore the objectives of this study were: (1) to determine the degree of accuracy with which the composition of live animals, carcasses, and their component parts could be predicted from the gamma emission of potassium-40; and (2) to determine the relationship between total potassium determined from potassium-40 and carcass measurements, carcass cut-out, and chemical analysis values."--Introduction.
Machinery investment and use
Authors:   , Huffman Donald C.
Published: December 2024

"Objectives of the study: The final attention of this study has been directed toward determining whether factors which affect per unit costs of a given machine affect machinery investment and consequently, machinery costs in general. This type of information is needed in planning the internal organization of a farm business. The specific objectives of this study were: 1. To determine the average replacement cost of various machines used by farmers in Northeast Missouri. 2. To determine what machines farmers in this area have and to what extent they use various machines. 3. To determine the average present investment in machinery by various size and organizational characteristics of farms in this area. 4. To determine, if possible, organizational patterns which suggest reduced machinery costs and increased profit levels."--Page 10.
The economics of feed storage and processing on northeast Missouri livestock farms
Authors:   , Turner Elbert Franklin Jr.
Published: December 2024

"Since 1945 the movement toward increased use of power and machinery on farms has been something of a revolution. Mechanization of feed storage and feed processing activities are a part of this revolution on many Missouri livestock farms. Manufacturers are daily adding to the list of available equipment alternatives and selling this equipment on the basis of saving labor and increasing net efficiency. Some research has been done by the United States Department of Agriculture and Land-Grant Colleges aimed at development or evaluation of equipment, or at cost analysis of specific systems, nevertheless, important gaps exist regarding the economic evaluation of alternative equipment and systems. The object of this study was to examine some of the economic factors affecting choice of feed storage, feeding processing, and feeding systems on farms in Northeast Missouri."--Chapter 1.
ТИПОВІ СПОСОБИ ШАХРАЙСТВ З БАНКІВСЬКИМИ КАРТАМИ
Authors: НЕСТЕРЕНКО Р.О.
Published: December 2024

У статті підкреслено, що способи вчинення шахрайств з банківськими картами є повноструктурними та включають типові дії з підготовки, безпосереднього вчинення та приховування вказаних кримінальних правопорушень. Встановлено, що типовими способами підготовки є: визначення суб’єктного складу: підшукування співучасників, зговір з ними стосовно ролей кожного у шахрайських схемах, передбачення способів комунікації одне з одним, визначення розміру часток винагороди кожного з учасників шахрайської схеми; вибір сфери вчинення шахрайських дій і визначення кола ймовірних жертв, одержання їх персональних даних; обрання способів безпосереднього вчинення шахрайських схем і необхідних засобів і знарядь, їх підшукування та готування; розроблення плану реалізації шахрайської схеми чи шахрайських схем; визначення способів легалізації коштів, здобутих у результаті вчинення шахрайств з банківськими картами тощо. З’ясовано, що способи безпосереднього вчинення шахрайств з банківськими картами напряму варіюються залежно від обраної шахрайської схеми та представлені наступним чином: розміщення в соціальних мережах повідомлень про збір коштів на допомогу, про продаж певного товару чи надання певних послуг, ведення переписки з потенційними жертвами та переконання їх про необхідність пожертвування, оплати (повної чи часткової); розсилання повідомлень про соціальні виплати чи іншу допомогу, одержання персональних даних осіб під час оформлення вказаних «виплат» та заволодіння коштами, що знаходилися на банківських картах; копіювання за допомогою скіммінгових накладок даних банківських карт, які містяться на магнітних смугах, подальше їх відтворення на інших носіях і зняття коштів з «скомпрометованих» карток в банкоматах України чи за кордоном; телефонування під виглядом банківського співробітника для уточнення певних даних з метою надання додаткової вигідної послуги чи блокування несанкціонованих спроб отримання доступу до банківського рахунку потерпілої особи; створення фейкових чат-ботів, сайтів банківських установ чи популярних інтернет-магазинів, одержання персональних даних потерпілих у результаті здійснення ними банківських операцій через указані чати/сайти та подальше заволодіння коштами вказаних осіб. Виокремлено й охарактеризовано типові способи приховування шахрайств з банківськими картами: використання різних IP-адрес для унеможливлення встановлення місцезнаходження особи злочинця; створення «підставних» облікових записів; часта зміна SIM-карт; вчинення дій із уведення жертв в оману, одержання персональних даних потерпілих осіб у цифровій формі та заволодіння їх коштами дистанційно, без особистого контакту, часто перебуваючи за кордоном; знищення/пошкодження чи маскування слідів учинення шахрайств з банківськими картами тощо.
Romatoid Artrit Bilgi Düzeyi Anketi Türkçe Versiyonunun (RAKE-T) Psikometrik Özelliklerinin Değerlendirilmesi: Metodolojik Bir Çalışma
Authors: Pehlivan Seda , Erbay Dallı Öznur , Yılmaz Bozkurt Zeynep , Ceyhan Arzu , Pehlivan Yavuz
Published: December 2024

Romatoid artritli (RA) hastaların eğitim ihtiyaçlarını karşılamak için bilgi düzeylerini belirlemek önemlidir. Ancak, RA hastalarının bilgisini değerlendirmek için tasarlanmış güncel bir Türkçe anket bulunmamaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı Romatoid Artrit Bilgi Düzeyi Anketi'ni (RAKE-T) Türkçeye çevirmek ve psikometrik özelliklerini değerlendirmektir. Bu metodolojik çalışma, Şubat 2023-Eylül 2023 tarihleri arasında bir üniversite hastanesinin romatoloji polikliniğine başvuran ve RA tanısı alan 233 hasta üzerinde gerçekleştirildi. Ölçeğin psikometrik özellikleri dil geçerliliği, kapsam geçerliliği, madde geçerliliği (güçlük ve ayırt edicilik indeksi), bilinen grup geçerliliği, test-tekrar test ve iç tutarlılık güvenilirliği ile incelendi. RAKE-T için kapsam geçerlilik indeksi 0.80-1.00 arasında saptandı. Anketin toplam puanı ile alt alanları arasında 0.23 ile 0.83 arasında değişen anlamlı bir korelasyon vardı. Anketin madde analizine göre, madde güçlüğü 0.25-0.86 ve ayırt edicilik indeksi 0.27-0.70 arasında değişti. Bilinen grup geçerliliği kapsamında, bilgi düzeyi puanları eğitim düzeyi düşük, hastalık süresi beş yıldan az olan ve hastalığı hakkında eğitim almayan hasta gruplarında anlamlı olarak daha düşüktü (p
Biyolojik Tedavi Alan Hastalarımızda Aktif Tüberküloz
Authors: Gorek Dilektasli Asli , Coskun Belkis Nihan , Tül Yaman Mine , Acet-öztürk Nilüfer Aylin , Aydın Güçlü Özge , Ursavaş Ahmet , Demirdöğen Ezgi , Coşkun Funda , Dalkılıç Hüseyin Ediz , Bulut Tülay , Pehlivan Yavuz , Karadağ Mehmet
Published: December 2024

Biyolojik tedaviler, özellikle latent tüberküloz enfeksiyonu gibi fırsatçı enfeksiyonlar için önemli bir risk faktörüdür. Bu araştırmada, Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Sağlık Uygulama ve Araştırma Merkezinde biyolojik ajan tedavisi alan hastalarda aktif tüberküloz hastalığı gelişme sıklığı ve aktif tüberküloz saptanan olguların klinik özelliklerinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlandı. Hastanemizde Romatoloji Bilim dalında Ocak 2010 ve Ocak 2023 tarihleri arasında, farklı tanılarla biyolojik ajanlar ile tedavi alan hastalar geriye dönük olarak incelendi. Tüberküloz tanısı alan hastaların semptom ve fizik muayene bulguları, tüberkülin cilt testleri, koruyucu tedavi alma durumları değerlendirildi. Romatoid artrit, juvenil romatoid artrit, ankilozan spondilit, psöriatik artrit, Behçet hastalığı, eozinofilik granülomatöz polianjitis veya Still hastalığı tanısı bulunan ve biyolojik ajan tedavisi alan toplam 2524 hasta dosyası geriye dönük incelendi. Toplam 13 (% 0,51) hastada aktif tüberküloz hastalığı geliştiği gözlendi. İnsidans hızı 515/100.000 olarak hesaplandı. Bunların %69’u pulmoner, %31’i ekstrapulmoner tutulum olduğu gözlendi. Bu hastalarda, aktif tüberküloz hastalığı gelişme süresi 28 ay olarak saptandı. Hastaların %69’u TNF-alfa blokörü, %15’i IL-6 inhibitörü, %0,07’si JAK inhibitörü ve %0,07’si CD20 monoklonal antikor inhibitörü kullanmıştı. Hastanemizde biyolojik ajanlarla tedavi alan hastalarda tüberküloz insidans hızı halen yüksektir. Bu hastaların izlemlerinde tedavi öncesi latent tüberküloz yönünden detaylı değerlendirme ve tedavi süreçlerinde aktif tüberküloz gelişimi yönünden yakın takip ve tarama gereklidir.
TRANSFORMASI KEUANGAN DIGITAL SISTEM PEMBAYARAN NON TUNAI DI DESA WISATA SELASARI KEACAMATAN PARIGI KABUPATEN PANGANDARAN
Authors: Ramdani Eggy Armand , Andini Ria , Sari Rika
Published: December 2024

This research aims to explain the transformation process carried out by the Selasari Tourism Village, which continues to develop and has been awarded an Advanced Category Tourism Village by the Ministry of Tourism and Creative Economy of Republic Indonesia. The development of the Selasari Tourism Village in carrying out this transformation is an illustration of how an ordinary village becomes a national class tourist village and gradually carries out its digital financial transformation independents. The research method used is descriptive qualitative research through field and library methods. The research results show that the payment system used in the Selasari Tourism Village is cash and non-cash payments. The digital financial transformation of the payment system in the Selasari Tourism Village has been ongoing since 2017, starting from transfers between management accounts only. In 2019, accounts began to be created in the name of BUMDes Selasari. So far,  Selasari Tourism Village has 3 general accounts. Other payment systems adapt to the requests from visitors, E-money and QRIS. Efforts made by the Selasari Tourism Village to overcome problems in the digital financial transformation process in the payment system are by advocating for the provision of cellular operator transmission towers, providing direct socialization and training to the community and using non-cash payments that are already available.
Pengaruh Pemasaran Digital Dan Kualitas Produk Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Melalui Kepercayaan Merek Pada Toko Wardah Di Buaran Mall
Authors: Willdanny Putri Zulia , P.Sukma Rivera
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami pengaruh digital marketing dan kualitas produk terhadap keputusan pembelian melalui brand trust pada store Wardah di Buaran Mall. Data dikumpulkan melalui penyebaran kuesioner kepada 225 responden, menggunakan teknik Purposive Sampling dan data dianalisis menggunakan Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) melalui software PLS versi 3.0. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa pengaruh digital marketing berdampak positif terhadap brand trust. Digital Marketing tidak berdampak positif dan signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian. Untuk kualitas produk berdampak positif dan signifikan terhadap brand trust. Kualitas Produk berdampak positif dan signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian. Brand trust berdampak positif dan signifikan teerhadap keputusan pembelian
Kata kunci: pemasaran digital,kualits produk, kepercayaan merek, keputusan pembelian.
PENYUSUNAN TINDAKAN PERBAIKAN SISTEM PENGENDALIAN INTERNAL PIUTANG PADA KOPERASI SIMPAN PINJAM (KSP) JRX
Authors: Fitria Warda , Zulpi Agha Ridwan
Published: December 2024

Koperasi Simpan Pinjam (KSP) JRX yang bergerak di bidang usaha pengkreditan atau pemberian pinjaman kepada anggotanya, untuk memberikan pinjaman bagi calon debitur, salah satu risiko yang menyebabkan adalah piutang berupa piutang tak tertagih. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kesenjangan pengendalian yang ada pada sistem pengendalian internal piutang Koperasi Simpan Pinjam JRX dan menyusun rekomendasi tindakan perbaikan atas kesenjangan pengendalian, serta mengimplementasikan sistem pengendalian internal piutang pada Koperasi Simpan Pinjam JRX. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif deskriptif. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini adalah data primer. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah melalui proses dokumentasi, wawancara dan observasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penerapan sistem pengendalian intern piutang pada komponen lingkungan pengendalian, penilaian risiko, aktivitas pengendalian, informasi dan komunikasi, dan kegiatan pemantauan telah berjalan cukup efektif. pada setiap komponen tersebut terdapat kesenjangan pengendalian yang telah teridentifikasi yang mengakibatkan munculnya kerugian piutang. Beberapa rekomendasi tindakan perbaikan diberikan kepada pihak koperasi agar koperasi dapat memperbaiki dan meningkatkan sistem pengendalian internal pada bagian piutang. 
Kata kunci: Piutang, Sistem Pengendalian Internal, Celah Pengendalian