bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Η επίδραση της γεωλογίας και της τεκτονικής στην εξέλιξη του υδρογραφικού δικτύου και της υδρολογικής λεκάνης του ποταμού Πάμισου της Θεσσαλίας.
Authors: ΒΟΥΒΑΛΙΔΗΣ Κ. , ΣΦΕΙΚΟΣ Α. , ΠΑΡΑΣΧΟΥ Θ. , ΚΕΧΑΓΙΑ Χ. , ΨΩΜΙΑΔΗΣ Δ.
Published: September 2018

River Pamisos is a main tributary of Pinios River, draining the SW part of the Thessaly catchment area. The river's drainage basin comprises part of the plain as well as of the mountainous terrain that bounds the broader Thessaly Plain. In this paper we present the results of both qualitative and quantitative analyses of the drainage network and morphology through processing of digitized data with GIS software. Quantitative measurements allowed objectively to compare different landforms and to calculate less straightforward parameters (geomorphic indices) that may be useful for the identifying particular characteristics of the area, such as the level of tectonic activity and geologic conffiocm the analysis of the hydrographie network values for the D and F parameters were calculated. In addition, terrain analysis resulted in useful conclusions about morphologic indices, derivation of hypsographic curves and integrals for the entire study area. Similarly, the morphological study of fluvial terraces together with that of sub-basins resulted in determination of erosive activity of the river. Finally, the analysis of certain morphometric indices obtained from the hydrographie network and morphology subsequent analyses was used to define the influence of geologic formations and tectonics upon the evolution of the river system. One of the major results of this paper is that the shape of the hypsometric curve and the calculation of the hypsometric integral indicate a mature stage of development for the Pamissos River drainage basin. It is generally known that the landscape in recently developed - active orogens is shaped mainly by two factors, tectonic activity and surface erosion. If we accept that the denudation – erosion rates in Hellenic orogen are approximately the same, then the lack of landmass (indicated by hypsometric integral) should implicate a basin expansion due to tectonic control.
T-Closeness Slicing: A New Privacy-Preserving Approach for Transactional Data Publishing
Authors: Wang Mingzheng , Jiang Zhengrui , Zhang Yu , Yang Haifang
Published: September 2018

Privacy-preserving data publishing has received much attention in recent years. Prior studies have developed various algorithms such as generalization, anatomy, and L-diversity slicing to protect individuals’ privacy when transactional data are published for public use. These existing algorithms, however, all have certain limitations. For instance, generalization protects identity privacy well but loses a considerable amount of information. Anatomy prevents attribute disclosure and lowers information loss, but fails to protect membership privacy. The more recent probability L-diversity slicing algorithm overcomes some shortcomings of generalization and anatomy, but cannot shield data from more subtle types of attacks such as skewness attack and similarity attack. To meet the demand of data owners with high privacy-preserving requirement, this study develops a novel method named t-closeness slicing (TCS) to better protect transactional data against various attacks. The time complexity of TCS is log-linear, hence the algorithm scales well with large data. We conduct experiments using three transactional data sets and find that TCS not only effectively protects membership privacy, identity privacy, and attribute privacy, but also preserves better data utility than benchmarking algorithms.

The online supplement is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/ijoc.2017.0791 .
Red mite — the blight of the poultry world
Authors: Hutton Sally
Published: September 2018

The poultry red mite, Dermanyssus gallinae, is a blood feeding parasite of poultry and occasionally other animals and is recognised as one of, if not the most, important ectoparasites in poultry production across the globe. Its short lifecycle can result in large numbers of mites in a short amount of time. These explosions in populations often have adverse effects on poultry health with symptoms ranging from mild irritation and reduced productivity to death due to blood loss; the health, welfare and financial consequences of infections can be huge. Detecting burdens within poultry housing can be difficult due to the nocturnal nature of the red mite which hides in small cracks and crevices during the day. Due to this, quantifying the level of infection is also of concern with some burdens being missed until an increase in mortality is noted. Treatment is equally troublesome due to poultry housing design and the limited options of approved products.
New extremal singly even self-dual codes of lengths 64 and 66
Authors: ANEV Damyan , HARADA Masaaki , YANKOV Nikolay
Published: September 2018

For lengths $64$ and $66$,

we construct six and seven extremal singly even self-dual

codes with weight enumerators for which no extremal

singly even self-dual codes were previously known to exist, respectively.

We also construct new $40$ inequivalent

extremal doubly even self-dual $[64,32,12]$ codes

with covering radius $12$ meeting the Delsarte bound.

These new codes are constructed by considering

four-circulant codes along with their neighbors and shadows.
The Effects of a Text-Centered Literacy Curriculum for Students With Intellectual Disability
Authors: Allor Jill H. , Gifford Diane B. , Jones Francesca G. , Otaiba Stephanie Al , Yovanoff Paul , Ortiz Miriam B. , Cheatham Jennifer P.
Published: September 2018

The purpose of this study was to examine the promise and feasibility of a newly developed curriculum to teach early literacy skills to students with intellectual disability (ID) and students with low IQs. The curriculum texts were written to include familiar settings, high frequency words, natural syntax, and cumulative practice. A single-case design was used with multiple baseline across levels of instruction and included eight participants who had IQs spanning from 40 to 63. The study was conducted across one academic year in two private schools for students with special needs. Results showed that all eight students demonstrated significant growth on proximal measures of taught words, as well as growth on at least some curriculum-based distal measures. Additionally, the program was demonstrated to be feasible; the teachers implemented the intervention with high degrees of fidelity and expressed satisfaction with the effectiveness and practicality of the program.
Quantification of stored red blood cell fluctuations by time-lapse holographic cell imaging
Authors: Jaferzadeh Keyvan , Moon Inkyu , Bardyn Manon , Prudent Michel , Tissot Jean-Daniel , Rappaz Benjamin , Javidi Bahram , Turcatti Gerardo , Marquet Pierre
Published: September 2018

We propose methods to quantitatively calculate the fluctuation rate of red blood cells with nanometric axial and millisecond temporal sensitivity at the single-cell level by using time-lapse holographic cell imaging. For this quantitative analysis, cell membrane fluctuations (CMFs) were measured for RBCs stored at different storage times. Measurements were taken over the whole membrane for both the ring and dimple sections separately. The measurements show that healthy RBCs that maintain their discocyte shape become stiffer with storage time. The correlation analysis demonstrates a significant negative correlation between CMFs and the sphericity coefficient, which characterizes the morphological type of erythrocyte. In addition, we show the correlation results between CMFs and other morphological properties such as projected surface area, surface area, mean corpuscular volume, and mean corpuscular hemoglobin.
Refined Immunochemical Characterization in Healthy Dog Skin of the Epidermal Cornification Proteins, Filaggrin, and Corneodesmosin
Authors: Pin Didier , Pendaries Valérie , Keita Alassane Sokhna , Froment Carine , Amalric Nicolas , Cadiergues Marie-Christine , Serre Guy , Haftek Marek , Vidémont Emilie , Simon Michel
Published: September 2018

Filaggrin (FLG) and corneodesmosin (CDSN) are two key proteins of the human epidermis. FLG loss-of-function mutations are the strongest genetic risk factors for human atopic dermatitis. Studies of the epidermal distribution of canine FLG and CDSN are limited. Our aim was to better characterize the distribution of FLG and CDSN in canine skin. Using immunohistochemistry on beagle skin, we screened a series of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) specific for human FLG and CDSN. The cross-reactive mAbs were further used using immunoelectron microscopy and Western blotting. The structure of canine CDSN and FLG was determined using publicly available databases. In the epidermis, four anti-FLG mAbs stained keratohyalin granules in the granular keratinocytes and corneocyte matrix of the lower cornified layer. In urea-extracts of dog epidermis, several bands corresponding to proFLG and FLG monomers were detected. One anti-CDSN mAb stained the cytoplasm of granular keratinocytes and cells of both the inner root sheath and medulla of hair follicles. Dog CDSN was located in lamellar bodies, in the extracellular parts of desmosomes and in corneodesmosomes. A protein of 52 kDa was immunodetected. Genomic DNA analysis revealed that the amino acid sequence and structure of canine and human CDSN were highly similar.
UPLC-MS/MS Analysis of Urinary Free Oligosaccharides for Lysosomal Storage Diseases: Diagnosis and Potential Treatment Monitoring
Authors: Huang Rongrong , Cathey Sara , Pollard Laura , Wood Tim
Published: September 2018

BACKGROUND

The glycoproteinoses are a subgroup of lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs) resulting from impaired degradation of N-linked oligosaccharide side chains of glycoproteins, which are commonly screened by detecting the accumulated free oligosaccharides (FOSs) in urine via thin layer chromatography (TLC). The traditional TLC method suffers from limited analytical sensitivity and specificity and lacks quantification capability. Therefore, we developed an analytically sensitive and relatively specific assay using ultraperformance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) for urinary FOS analysis and validated its use for urine screening of glycoproteinoses and other LSDs.

METHODS

Urine volumes equivalent to 30 μg of creatinine were derivatized with butyl-4-aminobenzoate and then purified through a solid-phase extraction cartridge. A 7-min UPLC-MS/MS analysis was performed on a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer using an amide column for separation of derivatized FOS. Urine samples from >100 unaffected controls and 37 patients with various LSDs were studied.

RESULTS

Relative quantification was conducted on 7 selected FOSs using a single internal standard, which allowed the identification of patients with 1 of 8 different LSDs: aspartylglucosaminuria, α-fucosidosis, α-mannosidosis, β-mannosidosis, β-galactosidase deficiency, Sandhoff disease, sialidosis, and galactosialidosis. Patients treated with hematopoietic stem cell transplant show decreased FOS responses compared with untreated patients.

CONCLUSIONS

This UPLC-MS/MS assay offers a valuable tool for screening of glycoproteinoses and other LSDs, with potential use for future treatment monitoring.
Optimization of Somatic Embryogenesis Induction of Cassava  (Manihot esculenta Crantz)
Authors: Susanti Idha , Suharsono Suharsono , Widyastuti Utut , Siregar Ulfah Juniarti , Tjahjoleksono Aris
Published: September 2018

The embryogenesis (SE) has important role for genetic engineering of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz). However, the success of SE induction depend on plant growth regulator s (PGR)s and treatment enriched in induction media.  This experiment tried to induce callus formation of cassava from several in vitro explants: immature leaf, apical bud, and internode; and to develop somatic embryogenesis of cassava in several media enriched with tyrosine and copper sulphate (CuSO4) added into media enrich with picloram as treatment.  Different response of explants source to callus induction treatment from those three varieties in callus induction as well as friable callus formation were found in this experiment. The best medium to induce varied with variety; MS media supplemented 12 mg/L picloram + 0.5 mg/L CuSO4 was the best for “Adira 4” and  half MS and half GD media supplemented 12 mg/L picloram + 100 mg/L tyrosine for “Malang 6”.  All treatments resulted somatic embryo which developed indirectly and in morphologically normal somatic embryos
Pectinase Production and Clarification Treatments of Apple  (Malus Domestica) Juice
Authors: Berutu Cocok Ana Maryani , Fahrurrozi Fahrurrozi , Meryandini Anja
Published: September 2018

Pectinases are a group of an enzyme that break down pectin, a polysaccharide that is found in plant cell walls. Today, the application of pectinolytic enzymes plays an important role in food technology for the maceration of fruits and vegetables, including for the extraction and clarification of juice. This research aimed to produce pectinase enzyme for clarifying of apple juice. A microbial culture was selected from cocoa bean fermentation samples and identified as Bacillus sp.. The highest enzyme activity was investigated after 48 hours of incubation. Citrus pectin as the carbon source and peptone as the nitrogen source was found as the best component for pectinase production. The optimum condition of pectinase activity was observed at pH 5, temperature 40 °C and the crude enzyme had the higher activity at one hour storage. Apple juice was treated with the enzyme at different concentrations (0%, 0.5%, 1%, 2%, 4%). Apple juice clarification was evaluated for its percent clarity and viscosity. The result showed that enzyme treatment at 4% in apple juice promoted juice clarification and decreased pH and viscosity. In conclusion, the quality of apple juice can be improved by enzymatic treatment using pectinase.
PREVALENCE OF OSTEOARTHRITIS IN RUSSIA: REGIONAL ASPECTS OF TRENDS IN STATISTICAL PARAMETERS DURING 2011–2016
Authors: Kabalyk M. A.
Published: September 2018

Recent demographic changes caused by labor migration and by the larger number of retirement-aged people, as well as unstable economic conditions are the reason for analyzing the incidence of osteoarthritis (OA) in the adult population of the Russian Federation in the light of changing socioeconomic factors. Objective: to analyze the incidence of OA in the regions of the Russian Federation in terms of key socioeconomic factors. Material and methods. Trends in OA prevalence and incidence were retrospectively analyzed using the data of annual statistical reports of the Ministry of Health of Russia (Form No. 12) in the period 2011–2016. The above parameters were studied among three population cohorts: adult, able-bodied, and retirement-aged (pensioners) people. Data on the execution of consolidated budgets of the regions of the Russian Federation, territorial compulsory health insurance funds (TCHIFs) were analyzed to identify substantial socioeconomic factors influencing the trends in statistical parameters. The findings were subjected to a comparative analysis of these parameters for Russia as a whole, 85 regions, and 8 federal districts. Results and discussion. During the period from 2011 to 2016, the prevalence of OA in Russia increased from 32.2 per 1,000 population in 2011 to 35.7 in 2016. The highest prevalence of OA is observed among the retirement-aged population and averages 33.2% of the number of registered patients per the total population in this age group during 6-year follow-ups. The maximum prevalence is seen in the retirement-aged population (70.4 per 1,000 corresponding age population; which is more than 3.8 times greater than that in the able-bodied one). There is a steady increase in the prevalence and incidence of OA in the population of Russia as a whole. According to official statistics, patients with OA make up one quarter of all patients with musculoskeletal system diseases and OA is detected in 4% of the entire adult population. Over 20 years, the number of patients with OA increased by 260%. The investigation has shown that the population’s income growth is associated with lower incidence and prevalence rates among pensioners. During 6 years, there is a decline in budget funding for health care in 30 regions of Russia. The share of expenditures in the consolidated regional budgets has been established to be directly associated with the incidence and morbidity of OA. There was an average 183% increase in the expenditures of TCHIFs in Russia. The expenditures of TCHIFs in the regions were directly related to the higher incidence of OA among adults and pensioners, but were unassociated with those among the able-bodied population.
EVALUATION OF THE PROGRESSION OF AXIAL SPONDYLOARTHRITIS IN THE EARLY STAGES OF THE DISEASE IN REAL CLINICAL PRACTICE: THE POSSIBILITIES OF USING THE SUMMARY SCORE OF RADIOGRAPHIC SACROILIITIS
Authors: Erdes Sh. F. , Rumyantseva D. G. , Smirnov A. V.
Published: September 2018

The currently used methods for evaluating the progression of structural damages in early axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) are little suitable to real practice since they require specially trained radiologists and increase a patient's exposure to radiation due to the need for radiography of three regions of the axial skeleton. In addition, the first radiological bone changes in the sacroiliac joints (SIJ) appear only many years after the onset of the disease, the overlying spine areas are involved in the pathological process. Objective: to develop a method for evaluating the radiographic progression of sacroiliitis (SI) in early axSpA for real clinical practice. Subjects and methods. The investigation enrolled patients from the early spondyloarthritis cohort (ESAC) formed at the V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology. The current ESAC comprised 164 patients; the analysis included 68 patients who had been followed up for at least 2 years and had plain pelvic bone films at the inclusion in the cohort and at 2-year follow-up. To evaluate disease progression, the investigators used the sum of radiographic SI stages in the left and right SIJs (the summary stage of radiographic SI (ssrSI), which was calculated at baseline and at 2-year follow-up. A formula for determining the rate of radiographic progression was derived. Results and discussion. At baseline and at 2-year follow-up, the median ssrSI difference (ΔssrSI) in 68 patients was 0 [0; 1.0]. During the study period, almost 60% of the patients had no progression of ssrSI, i.e. ΔssrSI was 0 in these patients, 1 and 2 scores in 12 (18%) and 13 (19%) patients, respectively, and there were singly cases, in which this figure was equal to 3, 4 and 7. The mean value of ssrSI was 3.5±1.6 at baseline and increased by 0.8, reaching 4.3±1.5 at 2 years (p = 0.006). Before included into the investigation, the patients had a progression rate of 1.75 during 1 year, which decreased to 0.4 per year in the active follow-up period. At the time of inclusion in the study, 40 (58.8%) of the 68 patients had ankylosing spondylitis (AS), and at 2 years their number increased to 51 (75.0%); i.e. 11 (39%) patients were observed to have progression of non-radiographic axSpA to AS. Conclusion. The proposed procedure to calculate ssrSI is easily feasible in real practice; it fails to lead to additional radiation exposure, is economically feasible, and allows one to monitor the rate of progression of axSpA in the early stage of the disease.
DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF COXITIS IN PATIENTS WITH ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS
Authors: Agafonova E. M. , Dubinina T. V. , Erdes Sh. F.
Published: September 2018

The review analyzes the foreign and Russian literature published in the past 30 years and devoted to the diagnosis and treatment of coxitis in ankylosing spondylitis (AS). The results of previous works have revealed the high rate of hip joint injury (HJI) in AS, but it is still unclear which diagnostic technique is the most sensitive for the early detection of coxitis. The latter has been shown to serve as one of the predictors of early disability in patients. The most studied treatment for coxitis is now HJI endoprosthesis, for which indications and contraindications have been clearly developed, while the question of drug therapy remains open.
Diagnóstico de los efectos generados por el tráfico de largo destino en la malla vial del municipio de Cachipay, Cundinamarca
Authors: Espinel Duarte Luis Eduardo , Ladino Chaves Oswaldo , Iguarán Salinas Lauren Diane
Published: September 2018

Contexto: Este estudio presenta la débil infraestructura que existe en las carreteras de largo destino. Se muestra, como estudio de caso, el municipio de Cachipay el cual no escapa a una serie de inconvenientes en materia de movilidad debido a las fallas de la malla vial.Método: La investigación se desarrolló en la línea de investigación de la modelación y simulación de problemas; con el planteamiento de un estudio de caso mediante el análisis e inventario de daños, por medio de dos alternativas, escogiendo la más apropiada.Resultados: La búsqueda de soluciones a los problemas de movilidad en el municipio de Cachipay ha generado un incremento de circulación vehicular por las calles del municipio, que oscila entre un 67 % a un 46 %, según los conteos de tráfico registrados en los días entre semana contra días festivos.Conclusiones: Cachipay, por ser un municipio cercano a la capital, debe contar con propuestas que contribuyan a solucionar el deterioro de las calles y vías alternas, y a fortalecer el parque automotor del municipio.
Построение операторного исчисления Микусинского на основе алгебры свертки обобщенных функций. Решение задач математической физики
Authors: Коган Иосиф Леонидович , Kogan Iosif Leonidovich
Published: September 2018

Дается новое обоснование операторного исчисления Микусинского, целиком
основанное на алгебре свертки обобщенных функций $D'_{+}$ и $D'_{-}$,
применительно к решению линейных уравнений в частных производных с
постоянными коэффициентами в области $(x;t)\in \mathbb R $ $( \mathbb R_{+} )\times \mathbb R_{+} $.
Используемый математический аппарат основан на современном состоянии теории
обобщенных функций, и одним из основных его отличий от теории Микусинского
является то, что получаемые изображения являются аналитическими
функциями комплексного переменного. Это позволяет в алгебре $D'_+ (x\in \mathbb R_{+})$ узаконить преобразование Лапласа, а с применением
алгебры $D'_{-}$ распространить метод на область отрицательных значений
аргумента. На классических примерах уравнений второго порядка
гиперболического и параболического типа в случае $x\in \mathbb R$ излагаются вопросы
определения фундаментальных решений и задачи Коши, а на отрезке и полупрямой
$x\in \mathbb R_+ $ - нестационарные задачи в собственном смысле. Дается вывод
общих формул для получения решения задачи Коши, а также схема определения
фундаментальных решений операторным методом. При рассмотрении нестационарных
задач приводится компактное доказательство теоремы Дюамеля и выведены
формулы, позволяющие оптимизировать получение решений, в том числе
с разрывными начальными условиями. Для нахождения оригиналов приводятся
примеры использования рядов сверточных операторов обобщенных функций.
Предложенный подход по сравнению с классическим операционным исчислением,
основанным на преобразовании Лапласа, и теорией Микусинского, обладая для
обычных функций одинаковыми соотношениями «оригинал-изображение» на
положительной полуоси, позволяет рассматривать уравнения, заданные на всей
оси, упростить получение и форму представления решений. Приведенные примеры
иллюстрируют возможности и дают оценку эффективности использования
операторного исчисления.
Необходимое условие оптимальности второго порядка в задачах управления,
описываемых системой интегро-дифференциальных уравнений с запаздыванием
Authors: Марданов Мисир Джумаил оглы , Mardanov Misir Jumail ogly , Мансимов Камиль Байрамали оглы , Mansimov Kamil Bayramaly ogly , Абдуллаева Ниса Гасан кызы , Abdullayeva Nisa Hasan kyzy
Published: September 2018

Рассматривается задача оптимального управления, описываемая системой интегро-дифференциальных уравнений типа Вольтерра с запаздывающим аргументом и многоточечным критерием качества. При предположении открытости области управления вычислены первая и вторая вариации критерия качества. Из равенства нулю первой вариации функционала качества вдоль оптимального процесса выведено необходимое условие оптимальности первого порядка в форме аналога уравнения Эйлера.
Далее получено неявное необходимое условие оптимальности второго порядка, с помощью которого установлено довольно общее, но конструктивно проверяемое необходимое условие оптимальности второго порядка.
Полученные результаты могут быть использованы для построения легко проверяемых необходимых условий оптимальности особых в классическом смысле управлений.
Численное исследование массопереноса в капельно-пленочных системах с использованием регуляризованной разностной схемы в испарительной литографии
Authors: Колегов Константин Сергеевич , Kolegov Konstantin Sergeevich , Лобанов Алексей Иванович , Lobanov Aleksei Ivanovich
Published: September 2018

Массоперенос в высыхающих каплях и пленках интересен с практической точки зрения, так как применяется в задачах испарительной литографии. При создании условий неравномерного испарения с поверхности жидкого слоя возникают компенсационные потоки, перемещающие коллоидные частицы в области интенсивного испарения. Это позволяет получать на твердой поверхности микро- и наноструктуры требуемой формы. В работе описана нестационарная модель массопереноса в капельно-пленочных системах. Особенность модели заключается в совместном учете вязких, гравитационных и капиллярных сил. Для решения неустойчивой дискретной задачи о высыхающей капле (пленке) предложена регуляризованная разностная схема, на базе которой разработан комплекс программ. По результатам проведенных вычислительных экспериментов предложен способ получения кольцевых структур из микро- и наночастиц методом испарительной литографии.
Das Kaum Noch Sichtbare Sichtbar Machen
Authors: Heck Kilian
Published: September 2018

The so-called faraglioni painting (Faraglioni-Landscape), painted in ca. 1837 byCarl Blechen (1798-1840) and held at the National Museum in Poznań is one of hismost unusual achievements. What can be seen in the picture are rocks protrudingnear the shore of Capri, the so-called faraglioni – a characteristic motif of romanticpainting. Still, Blechen was interested in more than just a mimetic representation ofthe rocks. Experimenting with extremely changing light, he intended to find the limits of visibility. Such attempts at playing with optical phenomena were typical for his works painted after his visit in Italy in 1829/1830. Examining color effects conditioned by changes of light was for Blechen a kind of necessity. It should be remembered that dioramas were particularly popular in that period. In Berlin they were shown, among others, by the Gropius brothers for whom, according to the records, Blechen was working. In dioramas, illumination from the back was just as obvious as presenting pictures in changing light. Blechen found the changing intensity of illumination interesting, which can be seen in his paintings.
Hovorové spisovné projevy v mluvených médiích
Authors: ŠTÌPÁN Josef
Published: September 2018

Článek se zabývá hovorovými spisovnými projevy v médiích teoreticky. Uvádí příklady hovorových spisovných prostředků na jednotlivých rovinách jazykového systému. Obecně se popisuje produkce hovorových spisovných textů, kdy se protíná přirozenost a odpovědnost mluvčího. Konkrétně se charakterizuje tato produkce v složité komunikační situaci mluvených médií. „Dobré řečové vzory”, které jsou potřebné s obnovením společenských elit po roce 1989, jsou v médiích důležité pro nejširší vrstvy obyvatelstva a měly by být častěji než dnes předmětem lingvistického výzkumu.
Challenges and experiences in building an efficient apache beam runner for IBM streams
Authors: Li Shen , Gerver Paul , MacMillan John , Debrunner Daniel , Marshall William , Wu Kun-Lung
Published: September 2018

This paper describes the challenges and experiences in the development of IBM Streams runner for Apache Beam. Apache Beam is emerging as a common stream programming interface for multiple computing engines. Each participating engine implements a
runner
to translate Beam applications into engine-specific programs. Hence, applications written with the Beam SDK can be executed on different underlying stream computing engines, with negligible migration penalty. IBM Streams is a widely-used enterprise streaming platform. It has a rich set of connectors and toolkits for easy integration of streaming applications with other enterprise applications. It also supports a broad range of programming language interfaces, including Java, C++, Python, Stream Processing Language (SPL) and Apache Beam. This paper focuses on our solutions to efficiently support the Beam programming abstractions in IBM Streams runner. Beam organizes data into discrete event time windows. This design, on the one hand, supports out-of-order data arrivals, but on the other hand, forces runners to maintain more states, which leads to higher space and computation overhead. IBM Streams runner mitigates this problem by efficiently indexing inter-dependent states, garbage-collecting stale keys, and enforcing bundle sizes. We also share performance concerns in Beam that could potentially impact applications. Evaluations show that IBM Streams runner outperforms Flink runner and Spark runner in most scenarios when running the Beam NEXMark benchmarks. IBM Streams runner is available for download from IBM Cloud Streaming Analytics service console.
Providing streaming joins as a service at Facebook
Authors: Jacques-Silva Gabriela , Lei Ran , Cheng Luwei , Chen Guoqiang Jerry , Ching Kuen , Hu Tanji , Mei Yuan , Wilfong Kevin , Shetty Rithin , Yilmaz Serhat , Banerjee Anirban , Heintz Benjamin , Iyer Shridar , Jaiswal Anshul
Published: September 2018

Stream processing applications reduce the latency of batch data pipelines and enable engineers to quickly identify production issues. Many times, a service can log data to distinct streams, even if they relate to the same real-world event (e.g., a search on Facebook's search bar). Furthermore, the logging of related events can appear on the server side with different delay, causing one stream to be significantly behind the other in terms of logged
event times
for a given log entry. To be able to stitch this information together with
low latency
, we need to be able to
join
two different streams where each stream may have its own characteristics regarding the degree in which its data is
out-of-order
. Doing so in a streaming fashion is challenging as a join operator consumes lots of memory, especially with significant data volumes. This paper describes an end-to-end streaming join service that addresses the challenges above through a streaming join operator that uses an adaptive stream synchronization algorithm that is able to handle the different distributions we observe in real-world streams regarding their event times. This synchronization scheme paces the parsing of new data and reduces overall operator memory footprint while still providing high accuracy. We have integrated this into a streaming SQL system and have successfully reduced the latency of several batch pipelines using this approach.
Accordion
Authors: Bortnikov Edward , Braginsky Anastasia , Hillel Eshcar , Keidar Idit , Sheffi Gali
Published: September 2018

Log-structured merge (LSM)
stores have emerged as the technology of choice for building scalable write-intensive key-value storage systems. An LSM store replaces random I/O with sequential I/O by accumulating large batches of writes in a
memory store
prior to flushing them to log-structured disk storage; the latter is continuously re-organized in the background through a
compaction
process for efficiency of reads. Though inherent to the LSM design, frequent compactions are a major pain point because they slow down data store operations, primarily writes, and also increase disk wear. Another performance bottleneck in today's state-of-the-art LSM stores, in particular ones that use managed languages like Java, is the fragmented memory layout of their dynamic memory store.

In this paper we show that these pain points may be mitigated via better organization of the memory store. We present Accordion - an algorithm that addresses these problems by re-applying the LSM design principles to memory management. Accordion is implemented in the production code of Apache HBase, where it was extensively evaluated. We demonstrate Accordion's double-digit performance gains versus the baseline HBase implementation and discuss some unexpected lessons learned in the process.
Datastorm-FE
Authors: Behrens Hans Walter , Candan K. Selçuk , Chen Xilun , Gadkari Ashish , Garg Yash , Li Mao-Lin , Li Xinsheng , Liu Sicong , Martinez Nicholas , Mo Jiayong , Nester Elliot , Poccia Silvestro , Ravindranath Manjusha , Sapino Maria Luisa
Published: September 2018

Data- and model-driven computer simulations are increasingly critical in many application domains. Yet, several critical data challenges remain in obtaining and leveraging simulations in decision making. Simulations may track 100s of parameters, spanning multiple layers and spatial-temporal frames, affected by complex inter-dependent dynamic processes. Moreover, due to the large numbers of unknowns, decision makers usually need to generate ensembles of stochastic realizations, requiring 10s-1000s of individual simulation instances. The situation on the ground evolves unpredictably, requiring continuously adaptive simulation ensembles. We introduce the DataStorm framework for simulation ensemble management, and demonstrate its DataStorm-FE data- and decision-flow and coordination engine for creating and maintaining coupled, multi-model simulation ensembles. DataStorm-FE enables end-to-end ensemble planning and optimization, including parameter-space sampling, output aggregation and alignment, and state and provenance data management, to improve the overall simulation process. It also aims to work efficiently, producing results while working within a limited simulation budget, and incorporates a multivariate, spatiotemporal data browser to empower decision-making based on these improved results.
H
elix
Authors: Xin Doris , Ma Litian , Liu Jialin , Macke Stephen , Song Shuchen , Parameswaran Aditya
Published: September 2018

Data application developers and data scientists spend an inordinate amount of time
iterating
on machine learning (ML) workflows---by modifying the data pre-processing, model training, and postprocessing steps---via trial-and-error to achieve the desired model performance. Existing work on accelerating machine learning focuses on speeding up
one-shot execution
of workflows, failing to address the incremental and dynamic nature of typical ML development. We propose H
elix
, a declarative machine learning system that accelerates iterative development by optimizing workflow execution end-to-end and across iterations. H
elix
minimizes the runtime per iteration via program analysis and intelligent reuse of previous results, which are selectively materialized---trading off the cost of materialization for potential future benefits---to speed up future iterations. Additionally, H
elix
offers a graphical interface to visualize workflow DAGs and compare versions to facilitate iterative development. Through two ML applications, in classification and in structured prediction, attendees will experience the succinctness of H
elix
's programming interface and the speed and ease of iterative development using H
elix
. In our evaluations, H
elix
achieved up to an order of magnitude reduction in cumulative run time compared to state-of-the-art machine learning tools.
PANDA
Authors: Xie Miao , Bhowmick Sourav S , Su Hao , Cong Gao , Han Wook-Shin
Published: September 2018

A large body of research on subgraph query processing on large networks assumes that a query is posed in the form of a connected graph. Unfortunately, end users in practice may not always have precise knowledge about the topological relationships between nodes in a query graph to formulate a connected query. In this demonstration, we present a novel graph querying paradigm called
partial topology-based network search
and a query processing system called
panda
to efficiently find
top-k matches of a partial topology query
(
ptq
) in a single machine. A
ptq
is a disconnected query graph containing multiple connected
query components
.
ptq
s allow an end user to formulate queries without demanding precise information about the complete topology of a query graph. We demonstrate various innovative features of
panda
and its promising performance.
MSQL+
Authors: Lu Wei , Zhang Xinyi , Shui Zhiyu , Peng Zhe , Zhang Xiao , Du Xiaoyong , Huang Hao , Wang Xiaoyu , Pan Anqun , Li Haixiang
Published: September 2018

Similarity search is a primitive operation in various database applications. Thus far, a large number of access methods have been proposed to accelerate the similarity query processing. Nonetheless, these methods mostly focus on developing standalone systems by proposing new indices. Given the fact that existing RDBMS merely support traditional indices, it is of great necessity and practical importance to develop a standard RDBMS built-in index based approach to speeding up the query processing. In this demonstration, we introduce MSQL+, a plugin toolkit that enable users to answer similarity queries in metric spaces simply using standard SQL statements. This toolkit can help existing RDBMS to effectively and efficiently handle with big data due to the following three advantages. First, MSQL+ enables users to find similar objects by submitting SELECT-FROM-WHERE statements so that it can be easily integrated into existing RDBMS. Second, MSQL+ works in a more general data space. Objects of any type can be indexed by B
+
-trees and the query processing can be boosted by using index seeks, as long as the similarity function is metric. Third, MSQL+ supports the parallelization of both pre-processing and query processing in distributed RDBMS.
GOLDRUSH
Authors: Jarovsky Ariel , Milo Tova , Novgorodov Slava , Tan Wang-Chiew
Published: September 2018

Fraud detection rules, written by domain experts, are often employed by financial companies to enhance their machine learning-based mechanisms for accurate detection of fraudulent transactions. Accurate rule writing is a challenging task where domain experts spend significant effort and time. A key observation is that much of this difficulty originates from the fact that experts typically work as "lone rangers" or in isolated groups to define the rules, or work on detecting frauds in one context in isolation from frauds that occur in another context. However, in practice there is a lot of commonality in what different experts are trying to achieve.

In this demo, we present the GOLDRUSH system, which facilitates knowledge sharing via effective adaptation of fraud detection rules from one context to another. GOLDRUSH abstracts the possible semantic interpretations of each of the conditions in the rules in one context and adapts them to the target context. Efficient algorithms are used to identify the most effective rule adaptations w.r.t a given cost-benefit metric. We showcase GOLDRUSH through a reenactment of a real-life fraud detection event. Our demonstration will engage the VLDB'18 audience, allowing them to play the role of experts collaborating in the fight against financial frauds.
ProvSQL
Authors: Senellart Pierre , Jachiet Louis , Maniu Silviu , Ramusat Yann
Published: September 2018

This demonstration showcases ProvSQL, an open-source module for the PostgreSQL database management system that adds support for computation of provenance and probabilities of query results. A large range of provenance formalisms are supported, including all those captured by provenance semirings, provenance semirings with monus, as well as where-provenance. Probabilistic query evaluation is made possible through the use of knowledge compilation tools, in addition to standard approaches such as enumeration of possible worlds and Monte-Carlo sampling. ProvSQL supports a large subset of non-aggregate SQL queries.
Collaborative edge and cloud neural networks for real-time video processing
Authors: Grulich Philipp M. , Nawab Faisal
Published: September 2018

The efficient processing of video streams is a key component in many emerging Internet of Things (IoT) and edge applications, such as Virtual and Augmented Reality (V/AR) and self-driving cars. These applications require real-time high-throughput video processing. This can be attained via a collaborative processing model between the edge and the cloud---called an
Edge-Cloud model
. To this end, many approaches were proposed to optimize the latency and bandwidth consumption of Edge-Cloud video processing, especially for Neural Networks (NN)-based methods. In this demonstration. We investigate the efficiency of these NN techniques, how they can be combined, and whether combining them leads to better performance. Our demonstration invites participants to experiment with the various NN techniques, combine them, and observe how the underlying NN changes with different techniques and how these changes affect accuracy, latency and bandwidth consumption.
HypDB
Authors: Salimi Babak , Cole Corey , Li Peter , Gehrke Johannes , Suciu Dan
Published: September 2018

On line analytical processing (OLAP) is an essential element of decision-support systems. However, OLAP queries can be biased and lead to perplexing and incorrect insights. In this demo, we present HypDB, the first system to detect, explain and resolve bias in OLAP queries. Our demonstration, shows several examples of OLAP queries from real world datasets that are biased and could lead to statistical anomalies such as Simpson's paradox. Then, we demonstrate step-by-step how HypDB: (1) detects whether an OLAP query is biased, (2) explains the root causes of the bias and reveals illuminating insights about the domain and the data collection process and (3) eliminates the bias via query rewriting and generates decision-support insights.
Open data integration
Authors: Miller Renée J.
Published: September 2018

Open data plays a major role in supporting both governmental and organizational transparency. Many organizations are adopting
Open Data Principles
promising to make their open data complete, primary, and timely. These properties make this data tremendously valuable to data scientists. However, scientists generally do not have
a priori
knowledge about what data is available (its schema or content). Nevertheless, they want to be able to use open data and integrate it with other public or private data they are studying. Traditionally, data integration is done using a framework called
query discovery
where the main task is to discover a query (or transformation) that translates data from one form into another. The goal is to find the right operators to join, nest, group, link, and twist data into a desired form. We introduce a new paradigm for thinking about integration where the focus is on
data discovery,
but highly efficient internet-scale discovery that is driven by data analysis needs. We describe a research agenda and recent progress in developing scalable data-analysis or query-aware data discovery algorithms that provide high recall and accuracy over massive data repositories.
Northstar
Authors: Kraska Tim
Published: September 2018

In order to democratize data science, we need to fundamentally rethink the current analytics stack, from the user interface to the "guts." Most importantly, enabling a broader range of users to unfold the potential of (their) data requires a change in the interface and the "protection" we offer them. On the one hand, visual interfaces for data science have to be intuitive, easy, and interactive to reach users without a strong background in computer science or statistics. On the other hand, we need to protect users from making false discoveries. Furthermore, it requires that technically involved (and often boring) tasks have to be automatically done by the system so that the user can focus on contributing their domain expertise to the problem. In this paper, we present Northstar, the Interactive Data Science System, which we have developed over the last 4 years to explore designs that make advanced analytics and model building more accessible.
An experimental evaluation of task assignment in spatial crowdsourcing
Authors: Cheng Peng , Jian Xun , Chen Lei
Published: September 2018

Recently, with the rapid development of mobile devices and the crowdsourcing platforms, the spatial crowdsourcing has attracted much attention from the database community. Specifically, spatial crowdsourcing refers to sending a location-based request to workers according to their positions, and workers need to physically move to specified locations to conduct tasks. Many works have studied task assignment problems in spatial crowdsourcing, however, their problem settings are different from each other. Thus, it is hard to compare the performances of existing algorithms on task assignment in spatial crowdsourcing. In this paper, we present a comprehensive experimental comparison of most existing algorithms on task assignment in spatial crowdsourcing. Specifically, we first give general definitions about spatial workers and spatial tasks based on definitions in the existing works such that the existing algorithms can be applied on the same synthetic and real data sets. Then, we provide a uniform implementation for all the tested algorithms of task assignment problems in spatial crowdsourcing (open sourced). Finally, based on the results on both synthetic and real data sets, we discuss the strengths and weaknesses of tested algorithms, which can guide future research on the same area and practical implementations of spatial crowdsourcing systems.
Axiomatic foundations and algorithms for deciding semantic equivalences of SQL queries
Authors: Chu Shumo , Murphy Brendan , Roesch Jared , Cheung Alvin , Suciu Dan
Published: September 2018

Deciding the equivalence of SQL queries is a fundamental problem in data management. As prior work has mainly focused on studying the theoretical limitations of the problem, very few implementations for checking such equivalences exist. In this paper, we present a new formalism and implementation for reasoning about the equivalences of SQL queries. Our formalism, U-semiring, extends SQL's semiring semantics with unbounded summation and duplicate elimination. U-semiring is defined using only very few axioms and can thus be easily implemented using proof assistants such as Lean for automated query reasoning. Yet, they are sufficient enough to enable us reason about sophisticated SQL queries that are evaluated over bags and sets, along with various integrity constraints. To evaluate the effectiveness of U-semiring, we have used it to formally verify 68 equivalent queries and rewrite rules from both classical data management research papers and real-world SQL engines, where many of them have never been proven correct before.
An eight-dimensional systematic evaluation of optimized search algorithms on modern processors
Authors: Schulz Lars-Christian , Broneske David , Saake Gunter
Published: September 2018

Searching in sorted arrays of keys is a common task with a broad range of applications. Often searching is part of the performance critical sections of a database query or index access, raising the question what kind of search algorithm to choose and how to optimize it to obtain the best possible performance on real-world hardware. This paper strives to answer this question by evaluating a large set of optimized sequential, binary and k-ary search algorithms on a modern processor. In this context, we consider hardware-sensitive optimization strategies as well as algorithmic variations resulting in an eight-dimensional evaluation space.

As a result, we give insights on expected interactions between search algorithms and optimizations on modern hardware. In fact, there is no single best optimized algorithm, leading to a set of advices on which variants should be considered first given a particular array size.