bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of earnings per share and dividend per share on firm value
Authors: Arsal Muryani
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this study is to explore the impact of earnings per share (EPS) and dividends per share (DPS) on the value of the company on the Indonesian stock exchange for the period 2014-2017. This study uses data from 6 food industry companies listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange to examine the impact of these variables. Multiple regression models are used to determine the effect of earning per share and dividend per share. The results of the research show that earnings per share separately have a significant and positive impact on company value. However, the dividend per share does not substantially affect the value of the company. The findings of this research also found that firm value is affected simultaneously by EPS and DPS. The study concludes that investors can use Earnings per Share as the basis for making investment decisions, particularly on the Indonesian Stock Exchange for companies in the food industry. In practical terms, the implications of this research indicate that the management of companies listed on the Stock Exchange must formulate a dividend policy and develop a company strategy aimed at internal and external factors in order to increase the value of the company.
Effect of Cash Turnover, Receivable Turnover, Inventory Turnover and Growth Opportunity on Profitability
Authors: Wajo Abdul Rauf
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this study is to analyze cash flow, accounts receivable turnover, inventory turnover, and growth opportunity for the profitability of manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. This research was conducted at manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. This study's population were manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2013-2016, totaling 137 companies. The number of samples used in this study was 16 companies using the purposive sampling method. The data was collected using the documentation method. The type of data used is quantitative, while the data source used is secondary data. This study indicates that cash turnover has a positive and significant effect on profitability, accounts receivable turnover has a positive and significant impact on profitability, has a positive and significant impact on profitability, and growth opportunity has a positive and insignificant effect on profitability.
Impact of Cash Flow and Dividend Policy on Manufacturing Firm Value
Authors: Launtu Ansir
Published: February 2022

A cash flow statement is a report showing how running, spending, and funding activities impact cash over an accounting period. In addition to cash flow, the dividend policy determines whether the company's earnings will be paid as dividends to investors or retained for reserve funds to support future investments. Firm value is the price a prospective buyer willing to pay if the business is sold. The research objective was to evaluate the impact of cash flow and dividend policies on firm value in Indonesian-listed manufacturing companies (BEI). The research tool used is multiple regression analysis techniques to evaluate the linear relationship between two or more independent variables and the dependent variable. The results showed a small effect of cash flow and dividend policies on firm valuation. Meanwhile, cash flow and dividend strategies have a strong and important effect on firm valuation.
Influence of Ownership Structure on Company Profitability and Value In Companies
Authors: Andriani Budi
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this study was to provide empirical evidence that managerial, institutional, and public ownership affect company profitability; provide empirical evidence that managerial, institutional, and public ownership affect firm value; provide empirical evidence that managerial, institutional, and public ownership have an indirect effect on firm value; and provide empirical evidence that managerial, institutional, and public ownership have an indirect effect on firm value. This study uses secondary data from companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange obtained from the Indonesian Capital Market Directory (ICMD) 2013. Samples were collected using the purposive sampling method and then analyzed using Path Analysis. The results showed that managerial ownership has a positive effect on profitability; institutional ownership has a positive effect on profitability; public ownership has a positive effect on profitability; managerial ownership has a positive direct or indirect effect on firm value; institutional ownership has a positive direct or indirect effect on firm value; public ownership has a positive direct or indirect effect on company value; profitability has a positive effect on firm value.
Discovering Intellectual Capital through Photos
Authors: Pratiwi Intan , Suryani Ani Wilujeng
Published: February 2022

Intellectual Capital (IC) is an intangible asset that is important for a company to increase value. However, only a few reports IC because IC reporting is not mandatory, although this information is essential for stakeholders' decision making. This study aims to investigate the disclosure of IC through photos in annual reports and to analyze the purpose of using these photos. This research is different from prior studies by using data in the form of images depicting IC in annual reports. This mixed methods research used a visual content analysis approach within a frame of impression management theory to analyze the intent of using photos, followed by a statistical differential test. This study used 2360 photos contained in 38 annual reports of service companies. This study found a narcissistic leader tendency and the existence of the glass ceiling phenomenon. In addition, human capital was the most frequently disclosed IC component. The impression management carried out by the company was also found through the specific and non-specific photos displayed. This research is expected to be used as a reference for the development of future accounting research. In addition, this research is also expected to provide an understanding of the use of photos in representing reality in annual reports so that it could be helpful in stakeholders' decision-making.
The Impact of Corporate Reputation on the Cost of Equity as Mediated by Earnings Quality
Authors: Mardiana Ana
Published: February 2022

Good corporate reputation is important for companies because of their potential for value creation and also as intangible asset which makes it difficult for competitors to replicate it. This research is aimed to investigate the effect of corporate reputation and cost of equity through earning quality as a mediating variable. Corporate reputation is measured by Corporate Image Index. Cost of Equity is measured by Ohlson Method. The earning quality as an intervening variable is measured by Modified Jones. The sample used in this study were non-financial companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange and Corporate Image Index from 2016 to 2018. The sample was selected using purposive sampling method. The number of sample resulted from this method are 189 companies. This study used path analysis method and supported by SPSS version 23. The theory used in this study is agency theory. Based on statistical results this study indicate that there is no significant relationship between corporate reputation and earning quality but has negative and significant relationship to cost of equity. This study also shows that earning quality has a negative and significant effect on the cost of equity. In addition, Sobel’s test results show that earning quality does not mediate the effect of corporate reputation and cost of equity
Managerial Capability and Foreign Ownership: Mechanisms for Increasing Company Value
Authors: Tangke Paulus
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of managerial ability and foreign ownership on the quality of financial reporting, investigate the effect of managerial ability, foreign ownership and quality of financial reporting on firm value, and investigate the effect of managerial ability and foreign ownership on firm value mediated by the quality of financial reporting. This type of research is an explanatory research (explanatory research) and the main theory used in this study is the Stakeholder Theory and there is also a supporting theory used in this research, namely Agency Theory. Population used is the whole company public listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange period 2016-2018. Number of samples are 270 firms each year, was selected by purposive sampling method and using secondary data, i.e. the annual report and financial statements. The analytical method used is path analysis and hypothesis mediation analysed by using Sobel test. The results of this research show that managerial ability has a negatiive and significant impact on financial reporting quality and foreign ownership has a positive and not significant on financial reporting quality. Managerial ability has a positive but not significant effect on firm value and foreign ownership has a positive and significant effect on firm value, and financial reporting quality has a positive but not insignificant effect on firm value. This study also shows that the quality of financial reporting does not play a role in mediating managerial ability and foreign ownership of firm value.
The Effect of Liquidity, Leverage and Profitability on the Tax Aggressiveness of Manufacturing Companies
Authors: Tampubolon Lambok DR
Published: February 2022

This research examines the impact of liquidity, leverage, and profitability on tax aggressiveness in manufacturing firms listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2017 to 2019. This analysis aims to collect empirical evidence on the effect of liquidity, leverage, and profitability on tax aggressiveness. The multiple linear regression process involves independent variables such as liquidity, debt, profitability, and the dependent variable tax aggressiveness. A purposive sampling procedure with unique parameters is used to assess the sample. According to this report's findings, liquidity and debt have little impact on tax aggressiveness, but profitability does
Analysis of the Effect of Sales Growth, Inventory Turnover and Growth Opportunities on Profitability and Stock Return
Authors: Hasanudin H
Published: February 2022

This study aims to determine the effect of sales growth, inventory turnover, and growth opportunities on profitability and stock returns in manufacturing companies in the fast-moving consumer goods sub-sector. For the independent variables, sales growth (X1), inventory turnover (X2), and growth opportunities (X3). The dependent variable is the return on assets (Y1), return on equity (Y2), and stock returns (Y3). The analytical method used is descriptive analysis with Structural Equation Model (SEM) using the financial statements of six fast-moving consumer goods sub-sector manufacturing companies from 2014 – 2018. This study finds that Sales Growth has a positive but not significant effect on Return on Assets. Return on Equity and Stock Return of the company. Inventory Turnover has a positive impact on Return on Assets and Return on Equity of the company, while Inventory Turnover does not affect Stock Return. And Growth Opportunities have a negative influence on Return on Assets, Return on Equity, and Stock Returns.
The Role of Company Age in Moderating Stock Return of Food and Beverage Companies
Authors: Wawo Andi Basru , Juliana Ahmad , Azis Muhammad Irfandy , Nursandi Arif
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this research is to determine the factors that influence the return of shares in food and beverage firms listed on the IDX from 2016 to 2019. Purposive sampling is utilized by as many as 12 companies in the sample selection procedure. Multiple regression analysis and moderation regression analysis were used to analyze the data, with the spss application version 16 for Windows being used. This study revealed that Return on Assets (ROA) had a positive and significant effect on stock returns. In contrast, Net Profit Margin (NPM) and Current Ratio (CR) did not affect stock returns. The age of the company does not affect the effect of Return on Assets (ROA), Net Profit Margin (NPM), and Current Ratio (CR) on stock returns.
The Role of Experience, Knowledge, Time Pressure and Risk on Sampling Method in Audit
Authors: Lestari Setyani Dwi , Leon Farah Margaretha , Riyadi Selamet , Reza Heru Kreshna , Yuwono Y.
Published: February 2022

Objectively, this study examines the conceptual model related to the use of sampling methods empirically in audit cases. Investigates the relationship between the conceptual model in using the sampling method from the aspects of auditor knowledge, auditor experience, time adequacy, and risk considerations. This study involved a sample of 107 auditors from various categories of available positions at the Supreme Audit Agency. This study's independent variables include auditor knowledge, experience, time pressure, and audit risk. Simultaneously, statistical sampling methods are the dependent variable for empirical testing, namely, using a linear regression approach with SmartPLS as a statistical tool. The four hypotheses' test results show that all independent variables positively and significantly affect the variable using the sampling method for audit purposes. Audit risk considerations are the most influential variable and the dominant reason the auditor uses the sampling method to present the audit report. We highlight that the time pressure factor is a variable that is so dominant that it correlates using the sampling method for an audit report so that the assumption of an auditor's experience and knowledge can be optimal in presenting an audit report as long as technical constraints such as time-pressure are also flexible and rational.
A ROTATIVIDADE DOCENTE EM UMA INSTITUIÇÃO FEDERAL DE ENSINO: realidade preocupante
Authors: Cavalcante Junior Florisvaldo Cunha , Amorim Tania Nobre Gonçalves Ferreira
Published: February 2022

Em qualquer ambiente organizacional, público ou privado, a rotatividade de pessoal é uma questão que merece um monitoramento contínuo, pois muito elevada ou quase inexistente, pode trazer transtornos para a organização. O objetivo deste estudo é pesquisar a rotatividade de professores em uma Instituição Federal de Ensino (IFE). Do ponto de vista de sua natureza, a pesquisa se classifica como aplicada. No que se refere a abordagem do problema, foi utilizado o método quantitativo. A técnica empregada para a coleta dos dados foi a pesquisa documental. Foram analisadas portarias, atos de nomeações, exonerações e aposentadorias, no período de 2015 a 2019. Identificou-se, que a rotatividade nos últimos cinco anos na IFE é muito alta, considerando que a instituição tem um quadro de 47 docentes e 50 se desligaram do campus nos últimos cinco anos, chegando a 107,44%. Portanto, sugere-se que a instituição adote, urgentemente, medidas para reduzir tal índice, pois, prejudica os resultados organizacionais, tanto em termos administrativos como em termos acadêmicos, o que é preocupante.
Palavras-Chave: Rotatividade. Professores. Instituição de Ensino.
 
Abstract: In any organizational environment, whether in a public or private institution, staff turnover is an issue that deserves continuous monitoring, because when it is too high, it brings a series of inconveniences to the organization. The general objective of this study is to research the turnover of teachers in a federal educational institution. From the point of view of its nature, the research is classified as applied. Regarding the approach to the problem, the quantitative method was used. The technique used for data collection was documentary research. Ordinances, acts of appointments, dismissals and pensions were analyzed in the period from 2015 to 2019. It was identified that the turnover in the last five years at IFE is very high, considering that the institution has a staff of 47 teachers and 50 have left the campus in the last five years, reaching 107.44%. Therefore, it is suggested that the institution urgently adopt measures to reduce this index, as it affects organizational results, both in administrative and academic terms, which is worrying.
Keywords: Turnover. Professors. Educational Institution.
Importanza Della Determinazione Sierologica Degli Anca in Nefrologia
Authors: Furci L. , Di Felice A.
Published: February 2022

Abstract non disponibile
Emofiltrazione Arterovenosa Continua E Tecniche Derivate
Authors: Milan M. , Ronco C.
Published: February 2022

Abstract non disponibile
Nefrotossicità Dei Mezzi Di Contrasto Iodati
Authors: Tazzari S. , Meroni M. , Torri Tarelli L. , Sessa A.
Published: February 2022

Abstract non disponibile
The Clinical Case Increased Incidence of Hydrothorax As a Complication of Peritoneal Dialysis in Patients with Adult Renal Polycystic Disease
Authors: Garosi G.
Published: February 2022

Abstract non disponibile
Rassegna Della Letteratura Recente
Authors: Guemieri A.
Published: February 2022

Abstract non disponibile
Markers Umorali Nella Osteodistrofia Uremica
Authors: Coen G.
Published: February 2022

Abstract non disponibile
Dosaggio Dell'Ormone Paratiroideo Intatto (iPTH) Con Una Metodica Immunochemiluminometrica a Due Siti
Authors: Petrarulo F. , Tricarico G. , Pallotta G. , Gesualdo L.
Published: February 2022

Abstract non disponibile
Ruolo Del Rene Nell'Equilibrio Acido-Base
Authors: Queirolo C. , Solari P. , Delfino G.
Published: February 2022

Abstract non disponibile
LDL - Aferesi: Trattamento Extracorporeo Della Ipercolesterolemia
Authors: Caronna M. , Scatizzi L.
Published: February 2022

Abstract non disponibile
Improved benthic fauna community parameters after large-scale eelgrass (Zostera marina) restoration in Horsens Fjord, Denmark
Authors: Steinfurth RC , Lange T , Oncken NS , Kristensen E , Quintana CO , Flindt MR
Published: February 2022

Eutrophication is a key driver in the loss of marine ecosystems, and seagrass meadows are among the many ecosystems which have declined globally during the last decades. Seagrass restoration is being used worldwide in coastal areas to counteract the decline in areal extent and to promote biodiversity. This study assesses the spatial and temporal changes in benthic fauna composition after a successful large-scale eelgrass (Zostera marina) transplantation in Horsens Fjord, Denmark. Transplantation was done by anchoring individual shoots in the sediment. Subsequently, benthic fauna was compared among bare bottom (BB), transplanted eelgrass (TE) and a natural eelgrass (NE) meadow in Horsens Fjord. Species richness (S), abundance (N), Shannon-Wiener index (H’), Pielou’s evenness (J’) and biomass (B) of benthic fauna were significantly higher at TE and NE than at BB. S, H’ and J’ were not different between TE and NE, but N and B were. Furthermore, S, N and B showed significant year-to-year variation, with the highest values occurring the same year as peak eelgrass biomass at both TE and NE, and S, N and H’ correlated positively with dry eelgrass biomass. Increases in community parameters were achieved at TE at least 1 yr 2 mo after transplantation, and a higher diversity of feeding groups was found. However, the ecological status of fauna at TE was in a transition state towards that at NE, according to the Water Framework Directive. The fast succession of benthic fauna proved that successful large-scale transplantation of eelgrass can restore fauna communities very quickly.
Phenological cues to breeding and the differential response of Pacific auks to variation in marine productivity
Authors: Crossin GT , Filgueira R , Studholme KR , Hipfner JM
Published: February 2022

Many bird species use features of the physical environment to cue breeding activity. We show that for 2 species of Pacific auks (zooplanktivorous Cassin’s auklet Ptychoramphus aleuticus and generalist rhinoceros auklet Cerorhinca monocerata), spatio-temporal variation in marine production indicators surrounding a major breeding colony in the northeast Pacific Ocean can cue laying date. By utilizing a multi-year phenological time series and a spatio-temporal sliding-window analysis spanning November up until median lay dates in spring, chlorophyll a (chl a) concentrations in the surface ocean around the colony strongly predicted lay date. However, the response to this cue differed between species by over 2 mo, as each species was exposed to different, sequential water-masses. We show that for Cassin’s auklets, chl a levels at Triangle Island, British Columbia (Canada) in February, nearly 2 mo prior to actual laying, strongly correlated with lay date in April (average r = 0.83). At this time, the ocean environment around Triangle Island is dominated by water-masses from the south-southeast. However, for sympatric rhinoceros auklets, chl a along broad shelf-break areas in April prior to lay dates in May strongly correlated with lay date (average r = 0.76). Occurring after the spring transition, these water-masses flow primarily from the northwest. Consistent with other bird species, both auks appear to respond to information about food production, but at different spatio-temporal scales. We suggest that these different responses to environmental cues reflect species-specific differences in female migration behaviour, and an attempt by Cassin’s auklets to bet-hedge against phenological mismatches.
PENGEMBANGAN MODUL DARING BERBASIS OPEN ENDED LEARNING MATERI KELILING DAN LUAS BANGUN DATAR
Authors: Putri Vynia Martharisha , Amrina Zulfa
Published: February 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan modul daring berbasis open ended learning yang valid dan praktis pada materi keliling dan luas bangun datar kelas IV Sekolah Dasar. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian pengembangan dengan menggunakan model pengembangan 4-D yang terdiri dari empat tahapan yaitu: define, design, develop, dan disseminate. Pada penelitian ini model pengembangan dibatasi menjadi 3-D dengan tahapan yaitu: define, design, dan develop. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada semester genap tahun ajaran 2021/2022. Data dikumpulkan melalui angket validitas dan praktikalitas. Rancangan modul yang telah dirancang divalidasi oleh tiga ahli, sedangkan uji praktikalitas didapat dari respon pendidik dan peserta didik kelas IV Sekolah Dasar. Analisis data validitas menunjukkan bahwa modul daring yang dihasilkan dalam kategori sangat valid dengan persentase kevalidan 90,62%. Pada analisis data praktikalitas, diperoleh bahwa modul daring yang dihasilkan dalam kategori praktis dengan persentase 86,11% oleh pendidik, dan 91,11% oleh peserta didik dengan kategori sangat praktis. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa modul daring berbasis open ended learning pada materi keliling dan luas bangun datar memenuhi kriteria sangat valid dan sangat praktis untuk digunakan sebagai salah satu bahan ajar dalam pembelajaran matematika khususnya bagi siswa kelas IV di Sekolah Dasar.
Aspergillus terreus Peritonitis in a Child on Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis: A Case Report from Pakistan
Authors: Moin Safia , Moorani Khemchand N. , Qureshi Hina
Published: February 2022

Background: Aspergillus peritonitis is a rare, potentially fatal complication of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). Several cases of fungal peritonitis (FP) caused by Aspergillus species have been reported worldwide; however, there is a paucity of data from Pakistan. Here, a case of congenital nephrotic syndrome is reported in a patient who progressed to Stage 5 chronic kidney disease when she was 8 years old, which was managed by CAPD and other supportive therapies. The patient developed FP and later succumbed to death despite appropriate management. Early diagnosis and careful interpretation of culture results are, therefore, important for the treatment of these patients.

Case presentation: The patient outlined in this case report had congenital nephrotic syndrome, Stage 5 chronic kidney disease, and was on CAPD. She presented with peritonitis. Initially, broad spectrum antibiotics were started, and peritoneal samples did not yield any growth. Later, consecutive peritoneal samples taken from the patient grew Aspergillus terreus, with septate hyphae seen on a direct smear from the sample. Voriconazole was started immediately, and the patients’ catheter was removed. However, the patient’s condition deteriorated and, after prolonged intensive care and high ventilator support, the patient expired.

Conclusion: A. terreus is an uncommon and deadly pathogen that does not respond to the commonly used antifungal treatments such as amphotericin B. The treatment of CAPD-related FP requires early diagnosis and the use of newer drugs such as voriconazole or caspofungin.
Tensile and Fatigue Characteristics of WC-20wt%Co Cemented Carbide with Sintering Methods
Authors: Ryu Seong Hyeon , Jo Mu Geun , Kim Kyung Il , Noh Wooram , Hong Ik Je , Lee Kwang Hee , Kim Sang Sub , Cho Gue Serb
Published: February 2022

WC-Co cemented carbide has excellent mechanical properties and is widely used in many industrial applications including cold forging die and cutting tools. WC-Co cemented carbide is manufactured by liquid phase sintering (LPS), and a new sintering process for densification has been developed. In this study, cylindrical rod shaped tensile and fatigue specimens of WC-20wt%Co cemented carbide were fabricated using commercial sintering methods such as vacuum sintering (VS), low pressure sintering (LP), sinter HIP (S-HIP), and HIP after vacuum sintering(VS+HIP). The effect of the sintering methods on microstructure, tensile properties and fatigue life was investigated. The relative density and average size of the WC particles increased after additional HIP treatment. Also large abnormal WC particles were observed. In the tensile test, the deviation of tensile properties (maximum tensile strength, elongation) was minimized in the VS+HIP specimen due to densification. Based on the uniaxial tensile-compression fatigue test, the SN curve of WC-20wt%Co cemented carbide was concluded to be logσa = -0.11244logNf +3.66817. Furthermore, the increase in WC particle size in the HIP process caused the VS+HIP specimen to have a lower fatigue life than the VS specimen. However, when high pressure was applied to the WC-Co cemented carbide during the sintering process, internal defects and the standard deviation of fatigue life were reduced.
Loss Analysis and Concept Comparison for Electrically Driven Hydraulic Loader Crane
Authors: Rankka Amy , Dell’Amico Alessandro
Published: February 2022

The load-sensing system has for a long time been the most energy efficient hydraulic system widely used for mobile machines. When replacing the combustion engine drive with an electric drive with a battery as energy source an incentive for using more energy efficient systems arise. Some promising examples of more energy efficient systems are independent metering systems, pump controlled systems and open flow control systems. Before getting to deeply involved in a specific design, an investigation of the intended application is of importance. The objective of this study is to present a large number of energy efficient designs for the hydraulic system of an electrified loader crane by the means of a loss analysis and a high level concept comparison. To be able to cover a large design space all systems are modeled based on static pressure-flow relations for their components.
Based on measurements, the losses from simultaneous operation, backpressure losses and load holding valve losses are found to be the largest loss contributors in the hydraulic system. If an electrical supply system is added to the reference load sensing system, the overall efficiency is found to be 23 %. The hydraulic system it is found to account for 62 % of the losses and the drive system for 38 %.
The concept comparison shows that a two or four pump system with recuperation possibilities can decrease the energy consumption of the complete system on the studied working pattern by about 50 %.
Novel hydraulically relieved electromechanical direct actuation system for large scale switching valves
Authors: Vonderbank Tobias , Laßl Chavez Pierre Marc , Schmitz Katharina
Published: February 2022

Extensive actuation forces and strokes are required for the actuation of large sized valves normally implemented in high power hydraulic systems. A hydraulic piloted operation is, as for now, the most suitable solution and the state of the art. However, recent research has shown that the application of new electromechanical valve actuation systems is possible in various cases. In this contribution a novel electromechanical valve actuation system for large sized 4/3-way directional control valves in a displacement controlled system is presented. The new actuation system is characterized by a hydraulic relief of the centering springs. Therefore, the springs are only active in safety-critical conditions, as in a power outage. Since the actuator is not working against the spring force during every displacement, the necessary actuation force is reduced drastically, so that common electromechanical actuators can be used. In case of a power outage, the spring relief is deactivated causing the stored energy to center the spool in neutral position. The performance of the novel actuation system is examined based on measurements, which are conducted on a manufactured demonstrator for valves of nominal size 25 with a flow rate of up to 600 l/min.
Benchmarking the performance of hydrostatic pumps
Authors: Mommers Robin , Achten Peter , Achten Jasper , Potma Jeroen
Published: February 2022

In search for sustainable and clean solutions, the hydraulic industry is forced to develop more efficient alternatives to traditional systems. For mobile applications, battery driven machines are becoming an essential solution. But, electric driven hydraulic systems set completely different demands than classical systems. Since batteries are expensive and bulky, it is no longer acceptable that the majority of the battery stored energy is lost in the hydraulic system.
One of the promising solutions for efficiency increase is the application of electrohydraulic actuators (EHAs). Aside from all the inherent control advantages, EHAs deliver energy to each load on demand. This makes them much more efficient than current valve controlled systems, at least in principle. In practice, EHAs require both low and high-speed operation of pumps. Almost all hydrostatic pumps have high friction losses, strong wear and often also high volumetric losses at speeds below 500 rpm. Additionally, it is obvious that the pumps must have the highest efficiency possible.
Given these constraints and demands it is understandable that information is needed about the performance of pumps and motors. In the past years, Innas has measured and tested several positive displacement machines and published a comprehensive report about these measurements. This paper will analyse the outcome of the test results, with a special focus on the application in EHAs.
Experimental investigation of the influence of fluid viscosity on the efficiency of a crawler excavator
Authors: Sebastian Deuster , Katharina Schmitz
Published: February 2022

In view of decreasing energy resources and the rising problems associated with CO2 emissions and global warming, there is a strong interest in reducing the fuel consumption of machines in all sectors. Manufacturers of mobile machinery, such as hydraulic excavators, are also striving to develop increasingly efficient machines. Triggered by this development trend, the power density of hydraulic systems and their components continues to increase. This results in higher pressures, temperatures and lower oil volumes in the system. As a result, the hydraulic fluid used is subject to greater thermal stress and the systems thermal properties are becoming increasingly important. Further developments of tribological systems, for example in hydraulic displacement units, also create new demands on the hydraulic components and fluids. The fluid properties in particular are increasingly coming to the fore. For this reason, the content of this paper is to consider the influence of the hydraulic oil’s viscosity on the efficiency of a crawler excavator and to present the viscosity dependent losses of valves and pipe/hose lines. To this purpose, experimental tests are discussed by regarding viscosity related energy losses of the hydraulic system of a crawler excavator. Therefore the results of experimental tests of a gravel cycle at different temperatures will be discussed. The results are divided into different types of energy losses. Finally, a hypothesis can be made about the dependence of the viscosity of the hydraulic fluid on the efficiency of the system.
Suicídio infantil: reflexões sobre o cuidado em saúde mental
Authors: Brazoloto Tiéli dos Santos , Zaniani Ednéia
Published: February 2022

O fenômeno do suicídio na população infantil produz desafios às políticas de proteção social, em especial à saúde pública. Este estudo traz resultados de uma pesquisa bibliográfica, documental e exploratória, que objetivou refletir sobre o cuidado em saúde mental ofertado aos casos de tentativa de suicídio na infância. Tomamos como fonte artigos científicos disponíveis em bases de dados nacionais on-line, publicados entre 2010 à 2020, além de alguns materiais voltados à formação-orientação dos profissionais de saúde. Buscamos informações que ampliassem a compreensão do fenômeno do suicídio infantil, discutindo qual o cuidado ofertado e/ou idealizado para estes casos, bem como identificando dificuldades e possibilidades de construção de um cuidado em saúde mais integral. Os resultados indicaram que são poucas as pesquisas que se dedicam a pensar criticamente essa temática, além disso, observou-se limitações referentes aos dados epidemiológicos da população infantil. O suicídio na infância também é pouco abordado nas publicações oficiais voltadas à formação-orientação dos profissionais da saúde. Esperamos que as discussões aqui iniciadas estimulem novos estudos e despertem para a necessária de uma formação dos profissionais que atuam na saúde pública, uma vez que o desconhecimento da existência do suicídio entre a população infantil pode reverberar nas práticas de acolhimento e manejo desses casos.
Disruption of LTBP4 Inhibition-Induced TGFβ1 Activation Promoted Cell Proliferation and Metastasis in Skin Melanoma by Inhibiting the Activation of the Hippo-YAP1 Signaling Pathway
Authors: Wang Lina , Tang Dongrun , Wu Tong , Sun Fengyuan
Published: February 2022

Melanoma is a malignant tumor derived from melanocytes, which is the most fatal skin cancer. The present study aimed to explore and elucidate the candidate genes in melanoma and its underlying molecular mechanism. A total of 1,156 differentially expressed genes were obtained from the GSE46517 dataset of Gene Expression Omnibus database using the package “limma” in R. Based on two algorithms (LASSO and SVM-RFE), we obtained three candidate DEGs (LTBP4, CDHR1, and MARCKSL1). Among them, LTBP4 was identified as a diagnostic marker of melanoma (AUC = 0.985). Down-regulation of LTBP4 expression was identified in melanoma tissues and cells, which predicted poor prognosis of patients with melanoma. Cox analysis results discovered that LTBP4 with low expression was an independent prognostic factor for overall survival in patients with melanoma. LTBP4 inhibition reduced cell apoptosis and promoted cell proliferation and metastasis. These changes were correlated with the expression levels of caspase-3, Ki67 and E-cadherin. Further, as indicated by tumor formation study of nude mice, LTBP4 silencing improved the tumorigenic ability of melanoma cells. Knockdown of LTBP4 increased the percentage of active TGFβ1 secreted by melanoma cells. CTGF, Gyr61, and Birc5 expression levels were reduced, YAP1 phosphorylation was inhibited, and YAP1 was translocated from the cytoplasm to the nucleus in melanoma cells treated with TGF-β1. These effects were reversed by LTBP4 overexpression. As evidenced by immunofluorescent staining, Western blotting and luciferase reporter assay, LTBP4 overexpression activated the Hippo signaling pathway, which was characterized by the increased nuclear-cytoplasmic translocation of YAP1 and the enhanced phosphorylation of YAP1, MST1, and MOB1. In addition, the effects of LTBP4 overexpression on inhibiting CTGF, Cyr61 and Birc5 expression, promoting the apoptosis, and inhibiting the metastasis and proliferation of melanoma cells were reversed by the overexpression of YAP1 or MST1. In conclusion, the LTBP4-TGFβ1-Hippo-YAP1 axis is a critical pathway for the progression of skin melanoma.
Mid-Liver Stage Arrest of Plasmodium falciparum Schizonts in Primary Porcine Hepatocytes
Authors: van der Boor Saskia C. , van Gemert Geert-Jan , Hanssen Alex E. J. , van Waardenburg Youri M. , McCall Matthew B. B. , Bousema Teun , de Wilt Johannes H. W. , Sauerwein Robert W. , Yang Annie S. P.
Published: February 2022

During co-evolution Plasmodium parasites and vertebrates went through a process of selection resulting in defined and preferred parasite-host combinations. As such, Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) sporozoites can infect human hepatocytes while seemingly incompatible with host cellular machinery of other species. The compatibility between parasite invasion ligands and their respective human hepatocyte receptors plays a key role in Pf host selectivity. However, it is unclear whether the ability of Pf sporozoites to mature in cross-species infection also plays a role in host tropism. Here we used fresh hepatocytes isolated from porcine livers to study permissiveness to Pf sporozoite invasion and development. We monitored intra-hepatic development via immunofluorescence using anti-HSP70, MSP1, EXP1, and EXP2 antibodies. Our data shows that Pf sporozoites can invade non-human hepatocytes and undergo partial maturation with a significant decrease in schizont numbers between day three and day five. A possible explanation is that Pf sporozoites fail to form a parasitophorous vacuolar membrane (PVM) during invasion. Indeed, the observed aberrant EXP1 and EXP2 staining supports the presence of an atypical PVM. Functions of the PVM include the transport of nutrients, export of waste, and offering a protective barrier against intracellular host effectors. Therefore, an atypical PVM likely results in deficiencies that may detrimentally impact parasite development at multiple levels. In summary, despite successful invasion of porcine hepatocytes, Pf development arrests at mid-stage, possibly due to an inability to mobilize critical nutrients across the PVM. These findings underscore the potential of a porcine liver model for understanding the importance of host factors required for Pf mid-liver stage development.
Defining the Pre-Eruptive States of Active Volcanoes for Improving Eruption Forecasting
Authors: Rosi Mauro , Acocella Valerio , Cioni Raffaello , Bianco Francesca , Costa Antonio , De Martino Prospero , Giordano Guido , Inguaggiato Salvatore
Published: February 2022

A crucial feature to manage a volcanic crisis is the ability of volcanologists to promptly detect an impending eruption. This is often affected by significant uncertainty, mainly for the difficulty in interpreting the monitoring signals in terms of the exact timing of a possible eruption. Here we contribute to this problem, focusing on the states of active volcanoes with closed conduit, as deduced from monitoring data. Four main states can be identified. In the quiescence state 1) the monitoring data lie on a baseline, suggesting the lack of shallow magma/fluid movement. The unrest state is highlighted by minor 2) to major 3) variations in the intensity and rate of monitoring data; in both cases, radial ground deformation pattern and non-migrating seismicity imply shallow magma and/or fluid accumulation. The state of impending eruption 4) is characterised by non-radial, asymmetric ground deformation pattern and migrating seismicity, which suggest that magma approaches the surface through a propagating dyke. As early recognition of this distinctive state is crucial for timely eruption forecast, monitoring activity should be aimed at its prompt detection. The application of this rationale to two types of active volcanoes in densely inhabited areas, a restless caldera (Campi Flegrei) and a quiescent stratovolcano (Vesuvio), highlights its feasibility and importance in eruption forecasting. This rationale may foster a general reference framework to be adopted in case of unrest, supporting in interpreting the monitoring data, as well as more effective: 1) operationally-oriented, monitoring system; 2) probabilistic forecast; 3) use of volcanic alert levels.
Limited Pairwise Synergistic and Antagonistic Interactions Impart Stability to Microbial Communities
Authors: Mall Akshat , Kasarlawar Sravanti , Saini Supreet
Published: February 2022

One of the central goals of ecology is to explain and predict coexistence of species. In this context, microbial communities provide a model system where community structure can be studied in environmental niches and in laboratory conditions. A community of microbial population is stabilized by interactions between participating species. However, the nature of these stabilizing interactions has remained largely unknown. Theory and experiments have suggested that communities are stabilized by antagonistic interactions between member species, and destabilized by synergistic interactions. However, experiments have also revealed that a large fraction of all the interactions between species in a community are synergistic in nature. To understand the relative significance of the two types of interactions (synergistic vs. antagonistic) between species, we perform simulations of microbial communities with a small number of participating species using two frameworks—a replicator equation and a Lotka-Volterra framework. Our results demonstrate that synergistic interactions between species play a critical role in maintaining diversity in cultures. These interactions are critical for the ability of the communities to survive perturbations and maintain diversity. We follow up the simulations with quantification of the extent to which synergistic and antagonistic interactions are present in a bacterial community present in a soil sample. Overall, our results show that community stability is largely achieved with the help of synergistic interactions between participating species. However, we perform experiments to demonstrate that antagonistic interactions, in specific circumstances, can also contribute toward community stability.
Potential Anionic Substances Binding to Platelet Factor 4 in Vaccine-Induced Thrombotic Thrombocytopenia of ChAdOx1-S Vaccine for SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Pang Xiaocong , Liu Haitao , He Xu , Ji Tianrong , Zhu Yizhun , Cui Yimin
Published: February 2022

Recent reports of rare ChAdOx1-S vaccine-related venous thrombosis led to the suspension of its usage in several countries. Vaccine-induced thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT) is characterized by thrombocytopenia and thrombosis in association with anti-platelet factor 4 (PF4) antibodies. Herein, we propose five potential anionic substances of the ChAdOx1-S vaccine that can combine with PF4 and trigger VITT, including (1) the proteins on the surface of adenovirus, e.g., negative charged glycoprotein, (2) the adjuvant components of the vaccine, e.g., Tween 80, (3) the DNA of adenovirus, (4) the S protein antigen expressed by the vaccine, and (5) the negatively charged impurity proteins expressed by the vaccine, e.g., adenovirus skeleton proteins. After analysis of each case, we consider the most possible trigger to be the negatively charged impurity proteins expressed by the vaccine. Then, we display the possible extravascular route and intravascular route of the formation of PF4 autoantibodies triggered by the negatively charged impurity proteins, which is accordant with the clinical situation. Accordingly, the susceptible individuals of VITT after ChAdOx1-S vaccination may be people who express negatively charged impurity proteins and reach a certain high titer.
Multi-Frequent Band Collaborative EEG Emotion Classification Method Based on Optimal Projection and Shared Dictionary Learning
Authors: Zhu Jiaqun , Shen Zongxuan , Ni Tongguang
Published: February 2022

Affective computing is concerned with simulating people’s psychological cognitive processes, of which emotion classification is an important part. Electroencephalogram (EEG), as an electrophysiological indicator capable of recording brain activity, is portable and non-invasive. It has emerged as an essential measurement method in the study of emotion classification. EEG signals are typically split into different frequency bands based on rhythmic characteristics. Most of machine learning methods combine multiple frequency band features into a single feature vector. This strategy is incapable of utilizing the complementary and consistent information of each frequency band effectively. It does not always achieve the satisfactory results. To obtain the sparse and consistent representation of the multi-frequency band EEG signals for emotion classification, this paper propose a multi-frequent band collaborative classification method based on optimal projection and shared dictionary learning (called MBCC). The joint learning model of dictionary learning and subspace learning is introduced in this method. MBCC maps multi-frequent band data into the subspaces of the same dimension using projection matrices, which are composed of a common shared component and a band-specific component. This projection method can not only make full use of the relevant information across multiple frequency bands, but it can also maintain consistency across each frequency band. Based on dictionary learning, the subspace learns the correlation between frequency bands using Fisher criterion and principal component analysis (PCA)-like regularization term, resulting in a strong discriminative model. The objective function of MBCC is solved by an iterative optimization algorithm. Experiment results on public datasets SEED and DEAP verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Hearing Recovery Induced by DNA Demethylation in a Chemically Deafened Adult Mouse Model
Authors: Deng Xin , Hu Zhengqing
Published: February 2022

Functional hair cell regeneration in the adult mammalian inner ear remains challenging. This study aimed to study the function of new hair cells induced by a DNA demethylating agent 5-azacytidine. Adult mice were deafened chemically, followed by injection of 5-azacytidine or vehicle into the inner ear. Functionality of regenerated hair cells was evaluated by expression of hair cell proteins, auditory brainstem response (ABR), and distortion-product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE) tests for 6 weeks. In the vehicle-treated group, no cells expressed the hair cell-specific protein myosin VIIa in the cochlea, whereas numerous myosin VIIa-expressing cells were found in the 5-azacytidine-treated cochlea, suggesting the regeneration of auditory hair cells. Moreover, regenerated hair cells were co-labeled with functional proteins espin and prestin. Expression of ribbon synapse proteins suggested synapse formation between new hair cells and neurons. In hearing tests, progressive improvements in ABR [5–30 dB sound pressure level (SPL)] and DPOAE (5–20 dB) thresholds were observed in 5-azacytidine-treated mice. In vehicle-treated mice, there were <5 dB threshold changes in hearing tests. This study demonstrated the ability of 5-azacytidine to promote the functional regeneration of auditory hair cells in a mature mouse model via DNA demethylation, which may provide insights into hearing regeneration using an epigenetic approach.