bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Los derechos propios de los pueblos étnicos en el Acuerdo de Paz de agosto de 2016
Authors: Braconnier Moreno Laetitia
Published: December 2017

Los Acuerdos de Paz firmados en La Habana entre el Gobierno colombiano y las Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia - Ejército del Pueblo (FARC-EP), poniendo fin a un conflicto de más de cincuenta años, prevén mecanismos de justicia transicional adaptados a víctimas provenientes de grupos étnicos y culturales. En efecto, las modalidades de reparación de estas víctimas toman en cuenta sus particularidades étnicas, culturales y sociales, así como sus vivencias del conflicto y sus necesidades específicas. A pesar de que los representantes indígenas, afrocolombianos y roms hayan sido invitados tardíamente a las conversaciones de paz en La Habana, y de que su poca visibilidad en el proceso haya dejado presagiar una neutralización de su victimización peculiar, el “enfoque diferencial” y el “Capítulo étnico” incluidos en el Acuerdo Final anuncian algunos logros para estas comunidades en Colombia: primero, su reconocimiento como principales víctimas del conflicto; luego, la afirmación de la idea según la cual grupos étnico disponen de derechos específicos; y sobre todo, la posibilidad para ellos de apropiarse el derecho para adaptarlo a sus cosmovisiones.
Polityka równych szans wobec osób z niepełnosprawnością intelektualną a przemoc symboliczna
Authors: Kumaniecka-Wiśniewska Agnieszka
Published: December 2017

Obecnie jesteśmy świadkami ścierania się dwóch nurtów w polityce społecznej wobec osób niepełnosprawnych intelektualnie. Pierwszy z nich wynika z idei równości, ma charakter dominujący i jest dobrze zakorzeniony w świadomości społecznej. Drugi wynika z idei różnorodności i stanowi zapowiedź nadchodzących zmian. Idea różnorodności wywarła już wpływ na politykę społeczną wobec osób nieheteroseksualnych czy byłych więźniów. Osobiście zajmuję się problematyką związaną z pierwszym nurtem, a więc polityką równych szans. Artykuł ma charakter empiryczny. Analizuję praktyki aktywizacji zawodowej osób z niepełnosprawnością intelektualną w ramach polityki równych szans, które są egzemplifikacją przemocy symbolicznej zawartej w samym sposobie rozumienia pojęcia „osoba z niepełnosprawnością intelektualną”. Próbuję pokazać, że konstrukty teoretyczne promowane przez ekspertów dominujących w dyskursie publicznym narzucają sposoby działania w ramach polityki społecznej. Konstrukt „upośledzony umysłowo” wprzęga w istotę bycia upośledzenie, natomiast konstrukt „osoba z niepełnosprawnością intelektualną” wyrzuca na zewnątrz niepełnosprawność intelektualną, czyniąc z upośledzonego normalsa trudniej wyuczalnego. W taki sposób język umożliwia działania o charakterze dyskryminującym w imię szlachetnej idei.
Terapeuta zajęciowy i jego rola w pracy z osobami z niepełnosprawnością, zagrożonymi wykluczeniem społecznym
Authors: Janus Edyta
Published: December 2017

Terapia zajęciowa jest formą rehabilitacji, która do niedawna nie znajdowała należnego uznania w dyskursie społecznym. Wynika to z faktu, że przez wiele dziesięcioleci w Polsce dyscyplina ta była w fazie stagnacji, a zadania terapeutów kojarzone były zwykle z realizowaniem zajęć z zakresu arteterapii, takich jak malowanie, praca z gliną czy tworzenie rękodzieła. Jednakże od kilku lat można zaobserwować powolne zmiany dokonujące się w obszarze tej dyscypliny, związane m.in. z możliwościami kształcenia terapeutów zajęciowych na poziomie akademickim, które mogą przyczynić się do dostrzeżenia potencjału, jaki terapia zajęciowa, rozumiana zgodnie z aktualnymi, światowymi trendami, może zaoferować szerokiej rzeszy odbiorców. Jedną z tych grup stanowią osoby z niepełnosprawnością, które w sposób szczególny zagrożone są wykluczeniem społecznym. W przeciwdziałanie ekskluzji tych osób z powodzeniem angażować się mogą terapeuci zajęciowi. Celem niniejszego tekstu jest przedstawienie aktualnego rozumienia terapii zajęciowej w Polsce i na świecie oraz zarysowanie zmian dokonujących się w obszarze kształcenia terapeutów zajęciowych. Niezwykle istotne jest także przedstawienie możliwych działań, które w ramach swojej roli zawodowej mogą prezentować terapeuci zajęciowi, skoncentrowanych na przeciwdziałaniu wykluczeniu osób z niepełnosprawnością.
Czy konstrukcje pytające w podręcznikach do nauczania języka polskiego jako obcego rejestrują najnowszy uzus polszczyzny potocznej?
Authors: Maćkowiak Rafał
Published: December 2017

Artykuł jest próbą odpowiedzi na pytanie, czy konstrukcje pytające w podręcznikach do nauczania języka polskiego jako obcego rejestrują najnowszy uzus polszczyzny potocznej. W pracy zostały przedstawione wyniki ankiety, w której respondenci – studenci (w przedziale wiekowym od 20 do 39 lat) specjalizacji nauczanie języka polskiego jako obcego, mieli zdecydować czy struktury pytające umieszczone w podręcznikach do nauki polskiego, rzeczywiście są używane w codziennych rozmowach.
Annotating a polysynthetic language: From Portuguese to Kadiwéu
Authors: Galves Charlotte , Sandalo Filomena , Sena Ticiana A. de , Veronesi Luiz
Published: December 2017

We propose for Kadiwéu, a polysynthetic language of Brazil, an extension of the POS annotation of the Tycho Brahe Annotated Corpus of Historical Portuguese (www.tycho.iel.unicamp.br/~tycho/corpus) – henceforth TBC, which consists in tagging both words and morphemes, yielding a two-level annotation. The tagging of words is necessary to generate the syntactic parsing that is missing from the current corpuses of Brazilian native languages. The morphological tagging is also crucial for polysynthetic languages since it allows searching for grammatical properties encoded by the morphemes. This is a pioneer proposal since it is the first time an American Indian language will be part of a Corpus allowing grammatical searches that include morphological and syntactic information.
Perspectivas de mudança nas práticas pedagógicas da educação física escolar: uma análise dos estudos publicados nos anais de eventos paulistas
Authors: Maldonado Daniel Teixeira , Farias Uirá de Siqueira , Meireles Bruno Freitas , Santos Aline Rodrigues , Moreira Vinícius dos Santos , Nogueira Valdilene Aline , Freire Elisabete dos Santos
Published: December 2017

O objetivo desse estudo foi compreender as características das práticas pedagógicas inovadoras na Educação Física Escolar, divulgadas em anais de eventos científicos realizados no Estado de São Paulo, no período entre 2005 e 2016. Dos 1348 trabalhos analisados, 451 descrevem investigações ou experiências educativas relacionadas com a inovação pedagógica. A diversificação dos temas tratados, a utilização de diferentes estratégias de ensino, o uso de recursos didáticos e de instrumentos de avaliação caracterizaram a inovação pedagógica nos trabalhos analisados. Percebe-se também a preocupação com a inclusão de todos os estudantes e com a sistematização de conteúdos. Portanto, identifica-se práticas pedagógicas com características inovadoras nos anais dos eventos analisados.
LANGGAM CERITA RAKYAT BANYUMAS DALAM HARMONI NILAI KEARIFAN LOKAL
Authors: Riyanton M.
Published: December 2017

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan fungsi cerita rakyat bagi masyarakat di Kabupaten Banyumas. Artikel ini merupakan kualitatif deskriptif.  Dalam artikel ini informasi dideskripsikan secara teliti dan analisis. Data Makalah dikumpulkan melalui beberapa sumber yaitu, informan, tempat benda-benda fisik, dan dokumen. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan meliputi observasi langsung, perekaman, wawancara dan analisis dokumen. Teknik cuplikan (sampling) yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling. Teknik validasi data yang digunakan adalah triangulasi data/sumber dan triangulasi metode. Teknik validasi data yang digunakan adalah review informan. Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis model interaktif (interactive model of analysis). Cerita rakyat Kabupaten Banyumas yang dihimpun dan dianalisis dalam Makalah ini berjumlah tiga, yaitu (1) cerita rakyat “Babad Ajibarang: Djaka Mruyung”, (2) cerita rakyat “Babad Sokaraja: Raden Kuncung”, dan(3) cerita rakyat “Batu Raden”.  Pengkajian cerita rakyat yang di dalamnya termuat cerita rakyat (folk literature) memiliki fungsi antara lain: (1) sebagai sistem proyeksi (projective system), (2) sebagai alat pengesahan pranata- pranata dan lembaga-lembaga kebudayaan, (3) sebagai alat pendidik anak (pedagogical device) (4) sebagai alat pemeriksa dan pengawas agar norma-norma masyarakat akan selalu dipatuhi anggota kolektifnya. Keempat fungsi inilah yang ditemukan dalam kajian ini.
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN MEDIA GRAFIS KOMIK TERHADAP PRESTASI BELAJAR IPA PADA MATERI FUNGSI ALAT-ALAT TUBUH SISWA KELAS V SLB B
Authors: Pratama Irfan , Gunarhadi Gunarhadi , Priyono Priyono
Published: December 2017

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan media grafis komik terhadap prestasi belajar IPA siswa kelas V di SLB B. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode eksperimen dengan rancangan One Group Pretest- Posttest. Populasi penelitian ini adalah 6 siswa tunarungu kelas 5 di SLB-B Karanganyar. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik tes. Analisis data menggunakan teknik analisis statistik non-parametrik, yaitu Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test dengan bantuan SPSS versi 20. Hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa hasil analisis deskriptif diperoleh nilai rata-rata posttest sebesar 93,33 > nilai rata-rata pretest sebesar 51,67 dan hasil analisis non-parametric diperoleh nilai Z = -2.232 dengan P = 0,026. Dengan demikian, hipotesis ”Ada pengaruh signifikan penggunaan media grafis komik terhadap prestasi belajar IPA siswa tunarungu” diterima kebenarannya. Ini berarti,  penggunaan media grafis komik memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap prestasi belajar IPA siswa tunarungu di kelas V di SLB-B Karanganyar.

 
Kata kunci: media grafis komik, prestasi belajar IPA, anak tunarungu
Modern Innovative Solutions in Improving Outcomes in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (MISSION COPD): Mixed Methods Evaluation of a Novel Integrated Care Clinic (Preprint)
Authors: Lanning Eleanor , Longstaff Jayne , Jones Thomas , Roberts Claire , Neville Daniel , DeVos Ruth , Storrar Will , Green Ben , Brown Thomas , Leung Anthony , Fogg Carole , Dominey Rachel , Bassett Paul , Meredith Paul , Chauhan Anoop J
Published: December 2017

BACKGROUND

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the second-leading cause of death in the United Kingdom and accounts for 1.7% of bed days in acute hospitals. An estimated two-third of patients with COPD remain undiagnosed.

OBJECTIVE

Modern Innovative Solutions in Improving Outcomes in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (MISSION COPD) aimed to proactively identify patients from primary care who were undiagnosed or had uncontrolled COPD and to provide a comprehensive integrated multidisciplinary clinic to address the needs of this complex group for improving diagnosis, personalizing therapy, and empowering patients to self-manage their condition.

METHODS

This clinic was led by a respiratory specialist team from Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust working with five primary care surgeries in Wessex. A total of 108 patients were reviewed, with 98 patients consenting to provide additional data for research. Diagnoses were changed in 14 patients, and 32 new diagnoses were made.

RESULTS

Reductions were seen across all aspects of unscheduled care as compared to the prior 12 months, including in emergency general practitioner visits (3.37-0.79 visits per patient, P<.001), exacerbations (2.64-0.56 per patient, P=.01), out-of-hours calls (0.16-0.05 per patient, P=.42), and hospital admissions (0.49-0.12 per patient, P=.48). Improvements were observed in the quality of life and symptom scores in addition to patient activation and patient-reported confidence levels.

CONCLUSIONS

This pilot demonstrates that the MISSION model may be an effective way to provide comprehensive gold-standard care that is valued by patients and to promote integration across sectors.
Medicaid Becomes the First Third-Party Payer to Cover Passive Remote Monitoring for Home Care: Policy Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Berridge Clara
Published: December 2017

BACKGROUND

Recent years have seen an influx of location-tracking, activity-monitoring sensors, and Web-cameras to remotely monitor the safety of older adults in their homes and to reduce reliance on in-person assistance. The state of research on these monitoring technologies leaves open crucial financial, social, and ethical cost-benefit questions, which have prevented widespread use. Medicaid is now the first large third-party payer in the United States to pay for these technologies, and their use is likely to increase as states transition to managed long-term services and supports (MLTSS).

OBJECTIVES

This is the first study to examine how state Medicaid programs are treating passive remote monitoring technologies. This study identifies (1) which states allow location tracking, sensor systems, and cameras; (2) what policies are in place to track their use; (3) what implementation processes and program monitoring mechanisms are in place; and (4) what related insights Medicaid program stakeholders would like to learn from researchers.

METHODS

Interviews were conducted with 43 state, federal, and managed care organization (MCO) Medicaid program stakeholders about how these technologies are used in state waivers serving community-dwelling older adults in 15 states, and what policies are in place to regulate them. The interviews were analyzed by the research team using the framework analysis method for applied policy research.

RESULTS

Two-thirds of the states cover location tracking and activity-monitoring sensors and one-third cover cameras, but only 3 states have specific service categories that allow them to track when they are paying for any of these technologies, impeding regulation and understanding of their use at the state and federal level. Consideration of ethical and social risks is limited, and states struggle to understand which circumstances warrant use. They are further challenged by extreme resource restrictions and transitions to MLTSS by MCOs inexperienced in serving this growing “high-need, high-cost” population.

CONCLUSIONS

Decisions about Medicaid reimbursement of technologies that have the potential to dramatically alter the way older adults receive supportive services are being made without research on their use, social and ethical implications, or outcomes. At a minimum, new service categories are needed to enable oversight. Participants prioritized 3 research aims to inform practice: (1) determine cost-effectiveness; (2) identify what type of information beneficiaries want to be generated and whom they want it to be shared with; and (3) understand how to support ethical decision making for beneficiaries with cognitive impairment. These findings provide direction for future research and reveal that greater interaction between policy makers and researchers in this field is needed.
The Campaign of Papua Peace Network for Papua Peace Land
Authors: Pamungkas Cahyo
Published: December 2017

This article aims to narrate a series of peaceful campaigns conducted by Papua Peace Network (PPN) for Papua Peace Land. This informal network consists of several groups of civil societies, such as religious organizations, ethnic groups, NGOs, and academicians. The PPN has some objectives that are to connect conflicted groups in Papua land, and to help both Papuan people and Indonesian government preparing an inclusive dialogue. This article results from research between 2013 and 2017. The data collection used observation of peaceful campaign of PPN, interviews, and archival research. This research shows that although a series of peaceful campaigns have been conducted by PPN both at the national and local levels between 2013 and 2016, but political violence still increases in Papua land. On another side, the national government only focuses on social and economic development issues, in particular, infrastructure projects, instead of political issues. Government officials involved in peaceful campaigns conducted by PPN had no power enough to implement some peace recommendations due to the national government has no a roadmap to resolve the conflict between Jakarta and Papua peacefully. The article argues that a continuously informal communication between conflicted parties is a necessary condition, but it is not a sufficient condition to create a positive peace. Therefore, the National Government is strongly suggested to implement an inclusive national dialogue with Papuan people.
The Influence of Various Recovery Modalities on Performance Tasks in Basketball Players
Authors: Myles Jourdan R , Lee C.  Matt , Kern Marialice
Published: December 2017

This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of three recovery strategies during high-intensity intermittent exercise. Nine male basketball players (age, 23.11 ± 2.8 years; height, 1.83 ± 0.1 m; body mass, 81.87 ± 11.2 kg) completed a series of 3 randomized trials. Each trial consisted of a basketball exercise simulation test (BEST), a series of performance tests, one of three recovery modalities, and a subsequent series of performance tests. The performance tests included the agility t-test, a maximal vertical jump test, and a line drill test. Furthermore, participants were also asked to rate their perception of fatigue using a 0-10 scale prior to each series of tests. The three recovery conditions lasted 8 minutes each and were active recovery (AR; cycling at 12.8 kg·m/min per kg bodyweight), sitting in a chair (SIT), or standing with minimal movement (STAND). Prior to participation, players’ recovery preferences and habits were recorded to examine possible psychological effects. Results indicated that perceived fatigue was greater following AR compared to SIT and STAND. The agility score was worse following the AR condition, whereas it was unchanged following SIT and STAND. Line drill performance was also worse following the AR condition when compared to SIT and STAND. Psychological variables were not correlated to any performance measures. These findings suggest that active recovery, at the intensity used in this investigation, may limit restoration of performance during intermittent activities such as basketball.
Metabolic Responses to Sago and Soy Supplementations during Endurance Cycling Performance in the Heat
Authors: Tarmast Daniel , Ghosh Asok Kumar , Chen Chee Keong
Published: December 2017

This study examined the effects of Sago (Sa), Soy (So), combined iso–caloric Sago+Soy (SS) supplementations during cycling on metabolic responses as compared to placebo (P) in the heat (31℃, 70% relative humidity). Twelve well–trained male cyclists (Age: 19.0±5.6 yr, Height: 170.8±7.6 cm, Wight: 60.1±11.2 kg, and VO2max: 56.5±6.5 mL.kg-1.min-1) participated in four experimental trials. The design of the trials was a randomized single–blind, placebo–controlled crossover trail comprising 90 min of steady–state cycling on an ergometer at 60% of VO2max followed by a 20–km time trial performance (TT). The participants of the study were supplemented 5 times at 0, 20, 40, 60, and 80 minutes during the steady–state cycling. Sa, So, and SS supplements provided 7.5% Sago, 7.5% Soy, and 6.0% Sago + 1.5% Soy respectively. Plasma glucose concentrations (PG) reached a peak at 60 min after ingestion of Sa and SS as compared to baseline. At the end of the TT, PG reduced significantly to the baseline level. Plasma insulin concentrations (PI) increased in all trials, but reduced gradually to the baseline level. The concentration of plasma free fatty acids (FFA) increased gradually during the steady–state cycling and TT, and FFA was significantly higher in the P and So than the Sa and SS trials. At the end of the steady–state cycling, the plasma lactate concentration (LACT) reached its lowest concentrations and at the end of the TT was enhanced significantly in all trials. These results suggest that sago and soy supplements increase the PG and PI during endurance exercise in the heat. These data add to the growing body of knowledge concerning endurance athletes’ glycemic and insulinemic responses to carbohydrate consumptions during exercise in the heat.
Editorial
Authors: Colares Maria Lília Imbiriba Sousa
Published: December 2017

A Revista Exitus está em seu 8º volume dando sequência ao trabalho de estabelecer o diálogo científico com a comunidade acadêmica nacional e internacional. Oriunda do Programa de Pós-graduação do Instituto de Ciências da Educação/ICED da Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará – UFOPA, a revista cumpre seu objetivo de disseminar os avanços no campo educacional. Neste volume 8, número 1, apresentamos as contribuições nacionais oriundas de pesquisas desenvolvidas nos Estados de Mato Grosso, São Paulo, Minas Gerais, Maranhão, Pará, Alagoas, Rio Grande do Sul, Amazonas e Rio de Janeiro. A experiência internacional está contemplada no artigo de pesquisadoras da Universidade de Aveiro, Portugal.
Uma análise do programa de recuperação dos alcoólicos anônimos
Authors: Ribeiro Bruno Alvarenga , Cunha Gislaine Orício Dias , Azarias Lindamar
Published: December 2017

Este   artigo   é   uma   versão   resumida   e   modificada   de   um   trabalho   de   conclusão   de   curso elaborado e defendido em 2010 como requisito para obtenção do título de bacharel em Serviço Social,   trabalho   que   foi   assim   intitulado:   “Alcoólicos   Anônimos:   um   programa   de reformulação   de   vidas”.   Ele   tem   como   objetivo   realizar   uma   análise   dos   12   passos   do programa de recuperação dos Alcoólicos Anônimos (AA). Para realização dessa análise, é utilizada   a   perspectiva   teórica   do   Behaviorismo   Radical.   O   Behaviorismo   Radical   é   uma dentre as diversas teorias da Psicologia. Mas diferente de todas as outras, o Behaviorismo Radical não invoca a existência de faculdades mentais para explicar o comportamento. Para esta   teoria   psicológica   o   comportamento   é   uma   relação   estabelecida   com   meio   social. Argumenta­se que o Behaviorismo Radical pode ser aplicado no entendimento de fenômenos sociais complexos, pois acredita­se que todo fenômeno social é antes de tudo um fenômeno comportamental.
GOOD CORPORATE GOVERNANCE DAN DAMPAKNYA TERHADAP KINERJA BERDASARKAN BALANCED SCORECARD
Authors: Fitriyani Dewi , Tiswiyanti Wiwik , Prasetyo Eko
Published: December 2017

The aims of the study were to describe the practice of good corporate governance, to measure performance on PDAM with balanced scorecard, and to find out the correlation between the practice of good corporate governance to performance. This study conducted on five PDAM in Jambi Province. Collection of data obtained through interviews, questionnare, annual report, related of documents and policies. The results of this study indicate good corporate governance practices on PDAM in Jambi Province in pretty good kriteria. PDAM performance scores as measured by balanced scorecard show overall is still considered less than the target maksimum working. The result of Pearson Product Moment test show the correlation between good corporate governance practices with the performance has a strong relationship but not significant.
PENGARUH GAYA KEPEMIMPINAN DELEGATIF, MOTIVASI KERJA DAN DISIPLIN KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN PADA PT BANK MANDIRI KCP JAKARTA KOTA
Authors: Djakasaputra Arifin , Widayati Christina Catur , W Septy
Published: December 2017

This research aims to know the influence of leadership styles, work motivation and discipline on performance of employees at Mandiri Bank Branch Jakarta Kota. As for the methods used in this study using the method of quantitative research. And the samples used in this study as many as 40 employees. This research uses the sampling method is saturated, whereas the methods of analysis used was multiple linear regression analysis. The results showed that leadership style, work motivation and discipline significant effect on performance of the employees. the leadership style effect positively on performance of the employees. The motivation of working in a positive effect on performance of the employees. The discipline of working in a positive effect on performance of the employees
Recent Developments in Rural and Distance Education in New Zealand and their Implications
Authors: Stevens Ken
Published: December 2017

New Zealand is one of the most geographically isolated countries in the world and has one of the smallest populations of any of the western democracies, much of it scattered over a variety of remote locations. In this isolated country, rural, and more recently, distance education have made important contributions to the development of the national way of life. Although rural and distance education do not serve the same functions in New Zealand society, each provides a service to people who, for a variety of reasons, mostly relating to the location of their homes, cannot attend schools in major centres on a daily basis. In the recent past, small schools, most of which are located in rural areas, have been reviewed in New Zealand as has one of the country’s most prominent distance education institutions, the Correspondence School. Accordingly, the 1991 Report of the Economic and Educational Viability of Small Schools Review and the recent Review of the Correspondence School form the basis of this survey of recent developments in rural and distance education in New Zealand...
Mainstreaming Education: The Role of the State Services Commission
Authors: Dale Roger , Jesson Joce
Published: December 2017

The education reforms that began in New Zealand in 1987 have generated a huge literature. One of the features of that literature has been the attempt to relate the education reforms to the large collection of economic and political reforms set in place by the fourth Labour Government after its election in 1984. The first, and most radical, phase of these reforms occurred during the 1984-87 Parliament. They centred on a programme of widespread economic deregulation and the curtailment and/or commercialization of state activities. They were informed and driven by a neo-liberal economic theory, known locally as “Rogernomics” after its chief begetter, the Minister of Finance in the 1984-87 Labour Government, Roger Douglas (see Holland and Boston, 1991). In this phase there were no radical changes to the education systems.

With the return of the Labour government in 1987 the reform impetus was extended to education. There were two strands to this impetus. One was the explicit application to education of the Rogernomics neo-liberal approach, this is set out in the second volume of the Treasury’s brief to the incoming government (NZ Treasury, 1987). The other was the setting up of the Picot task force on the administration of education whose report Administering for Excellence was published in April 1988. These two strands were distinct from each other. The Treasury brief distinguished between education as a public good and as a commodity (see Grace, 1989). The Picot Task force’s terms of reference were confined to the administration of education. Where the strands come together was in the presence of a Treasury representative on the Picot task force, whose activities on the task force were revealed by another of its members, Peter Ramsay, to have amounted to putting pressure on the Picot members to follow “the Treasury line”.

These two interventions in education gave rise to what has been perhaps the most influential interpretation of the New Zealand education reforms, that they were led by a new right, neo-liberal ideology, that in essence they represented the extension of Rogernomics to education. This interpretation sees the education reforms as aimed at eventually privatizing education in line with the privatization of other areas of government activity. It points to the continuing interest of the Treasury in education, which it sees as being fuelled and supported by the Business Roundtable (BRT) and in particular, informed by the report the BRT commissioned from the neo-liberal writer on education, Stuart Sexton, (1990).
Education Policy Initiatives for Girls and Women: Are We Included in the Decent Society?
Authors: O'Neill Anne-Marie
Published: December 2017

Four years ago when I began as an Assistant Lecturer teaching a paper called Women and Education at Massey University, the concerns of an emerging “sociology of women’s education in Aotearoa” seemed more immediate and clearer than they do now. Now, as we realise the full magnitude of Labour’s betrayal which National has exacerbated in their quest for the “decent society”, the project for the sociology of women’s education seems more urgent, confused and contradictory than ever. Many of the earlier struggles have been overcome, while many continue. Now there is a need to understand and challenge current educational policy initiatives and their implications for girls and women, within the context of the massive challenges to the hegemony of social democratic liberalism. These challenges have meant that the disjunctions between theory, policy and practices have widened rather than contracted...
Teacher Training in 1992: A Review and Discussion
Authors: Scott Alan
Published: December 2017

For people who worked in colleges of education, in particular for academic staff, 1992 was the year of living nervously. Like Dad’s Army peering across the English Channel in 1939, lecturers cast their eyes towards Wellington to glean the first signs of the anticipated attack on teacher training. The signs were ominous and the threats very real. There was the Minister of Education’s supposed sympathy for an apprenticeship model of training, the State Services Commission’s well known position on award negotiations, backed by the power of the Employment Contracts Act, and as if that was not enough, capitalism’s Avenging Angels at the Business Roundtable had commissioned a report into teacher training. On top of all this the spirit of Thatcher’s enterprise culture had permeated the walls of The Colleges of Education so that there was talk everywhere of the need for entrepreneurial activities, activities which threatened to turn teacher trainers into pedlars of merchandise.

As it turned out, the attack was a fizzer. In Gramsci’s terminology, albeit in reverse form, 1992 saw the war of manoeuvre over teacher training rather than the war of position. The full frontal attack, this time from the state against one of its own relatively autonomous institutions, never actually materialised. Civil society, in the form of the basic liberal discourse about the training of teachers, still breathes relatively easily, though, it must be said, with increasing difficulty. Award negotiations, while entering their final phase, had not by the end of the year reached anywhere near a conclusion. The Roundtable report has not been published, and is still a few months away, though no one knows why, or is not telling. Entrepreneurial activities have come, some have gone, but none has, as yet, swamped the basic purpose and meaning of teachers' colleges...
Maori Education Developments: A Maori Unionist’s View
Authors: Hamilton Bill
Published: December 2017

During 1992, many hands seized the chance to paddle the Maori education waka in the primary system.The Maori community continued to establish Kura Kaupapa Maori, immersion and bilingual programmes. Schools increased the involvement of whanau in their activities and generally attempted to improve the quality of Maori education programmes.The National Maori Congress, Te Whakakotahitanga o Nga Iwi o Aotearoa, completed a report that promoted the goal of establishing iwi education authorities. Government established an inquiry into Maori education and directed officials committees to:(a) develop a bold strategy for the protection and promotion of te reo Maori; and(b) develop a comprehensive policy for Maori education.A Maori Education Group to comment on the Minister of Education’s “Vision for Education” was established. Maori government officials and others attempted to co-ordinate an effective Maori voice in education through Te Roopu Whakahaere and Te Roopu Whanui.Tino Rangatiratanga continued its work of co-ordinating, mobilising and politicising Maori in education and challenging the effectiveness of existing or proposed government education policy.Finally, in an atmosphere of government hostility towards unions, the primary teachers’ union, the New Zealand Educational Institute (NZEI) strengthened its philosophies, policies, priorities and practices by:establishing Miro Maori as an integral part of NZEI structures;giving leadership, direction and cohesion to the development of Maori education policies; andensuring that Maori views are included in the activities, developments and changes in the general education system.In putting forward a Maori unionist’s view, there is recognition that during 1992:Maori people put a lot of energy into primary education for the purpose of improving Maori achievement, revitalizing te reo me ona tikanga Maori andstrengthening Maori participation in the education of their children;NZEI, the primary teachers’ union, gave significant support to Maori education developments; andthere was a lot of government activity and stated commitment but their work lacked rigour, direction and coherency.Although many hands paddled the Maori education waka, by the end of 1992, it had made only a minor advance from where it had been in 1991. The waka tended to veer in motion from side to side, backwards and forwards and swirled around in circles rather than tracking forwards towards achieving significant goals. The Matauranga Maori waka clearly lacks strong navigational leadership, and government in particular is paddling against the tide of Maori aspirations...
Developments in Academic Audit in New Zealand Universities
Authors: Hall Cedric
Published: December 2017

As in other countries, education at the tertiary level in New Zealand has undergone major organisational, structural and funding changes in recent years. At the same time tertiary institutions have been placed under increasing pressure both to make more efficient use of their resources and to ensure that they provide a “quality” education to their communities. This pressure comes at a time in New Zealand when student numbers, but not resources, have increased substantially.

This paper focuses on developments by New Zealand universities to monitor jointly the quality of their academic activities. During 1992, the New Zealand Vice-Chancellors’ Committee (NZVCC), with assistance from the University Teaching Development Centre (UTDC) of Victoria University, organised three workshops/seminars on the theme of quality assurance in New Zealand universities. This paper provides a synopsis of the discussions and outcomes of the three meetings, including coverage of the pressures for change, the issues that were debated, and the self-examination required of universities as they prepare for the first round of “academic audit”. A summary is also given of developments in British universities because of the strong British influence on New Zealand developments and the similarity between many of the issues confronted in the United Kingdom and those being encountered in New Zealand.
Structural Engineering Global Interoperability: What and Why
Authors: Bell Glen
Published: December 2017

Like-minded structural engineering organizations should work together to allow participants in the design and construction industry to more readily operate on a global platform. We call this Global Interoperability, and in its most general sense it is a vision where our industry is structured to readily facilitate people, organizations, and systems to work across geographic and other boundaries.

Besides the obvious benefit of sharing of resources to achieve a common goal, Global Interoperability will be particularly advantageous for structural engineers who are highly qualified, globally adept, creative, and value-producing.

The idea of Global Interoperability does not imply a homogenization of education, licensure, standards, and language. Indeed, regional differences in approach are both expected and desirable to foster innovation. Instead, the goal of Global Interoperability should be to identify and break down unnecessary and wasteful barriers to collaboration and enable the advancement of the profession worldwide. Some elements of standards and practices may be common across boundaries. In other cases, say in codes and standards, it may be desirable to define a structure or framework for a global approach, which accommodates regional variations.

Global Interoperability is a long-term vision and results of deliberate collaboration with other professionals in the field of structural engineering, and will require a sustained, incremental progress to promote a successful structural engineering profession. Other industries such as medicine, law, and public safety are working towards Global Interoperability. To the author’s knowledge no structural engineering organization has taken a leadership role in promoting Global Interoperability.
Imagen corporativa y gestión administrativa; factores fundamentales de éxito empresarial
Authors: Mora Aristega Julio Ernesto , Cercado Vera Luis Alberto , Huilcapi Masacon Magdalena Rosario , Montiel Díaz Práxedes América , Calderón Angulo Reyes Johan
Published: December 2017

La investigación presentada es fruto de una investigación cualitativa que lleva está enfocada en el análisis de la gestión administrativa y la imagen corporativa de una institución de educación superior del Ecuador; se trata de un estudio de tipo de campo. El Objetivo principal es: Analizar si la gestión administrativa influye en la imagen corporativa de la Universidad Técnica de Babahoyo. El área de estudio está conformada por la Universidad Técnica de Babahoyo y todas sus cuatro facultades centro de estudios. El universo lo conforman todos los directivos de la Universidad. La muestra lo conforman 100 sujetos. El método de recolección de datos fue la encuesta con un cuestionario estructurado de igual forma para todos. La relevancia del estudio se vincula con las características del funcionamiento de la gestión administrativa de la universidad, que se trata de determinar si esta influye en la imagen corporativa de la misma. La principal conclusión a la que se llegó en el estudio es la siguiente: se llegó a la conclusión general una vez aplicada las pruebas estadísticas necesarias para determina que la gestión administrativa influye directamente en la imagen corporativa de la universidad de igual manera para que la una mejore debe mejorar la otra ya que las dos no son variables independientes una de la otra.
Developing Macrolevel Collision Prediction Models to Evaluate Bicycle Safety in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
Authors: Popescu Bianca , Sayed Tarek
Published: December 2017

To encourage greener cities while reducing the impacts of the transportation system—such as impacts on climate change, traffic congestion, and road safety—governments have been investing in sustainable modes of transportation, such as cycling. A safe and comfortable cycling environment is critical to encourage bicycle trips because cyclists are usually subject to greater safety risks. Engineering approaches to road safety management have traditionally addressed road safety by reacting to existing collision records. For bicycle collisions, which are rare events, a proactive approach is more appropriate. This study described the use of bicycle-related macrolevel (i.e., neighborhood or zonal-level) collision prediction models as empirical tools in road safety diagnosis and planning. These models incorporated an actual bicycle exposure indicator (the number of bicycle kilometers traveled). The macrolevel bicycle–vehicle collisions models were applied at the zonal level to a case study of Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Collision-prone zones in Vancouver were identified, and the highest-ranked zones were diagnosed to identify bicycle safety issues and to recommend potential safety countermeasures. The findings from this study suggest that the safety issues may be a result of high density and commercial land use type, coupled with a high traffic volume, particularly on arterial routes, and high bicycle volumes on routes with mixed vehicle and bicycle traffic. The case study demonstrated the use of the models to enhance bicycle safety proactively.
Mixed Effects Logistic Model to Address Demographics and Neighborhood Environment on Pedestrian Injury Severity
Authors: Guo Rui , Xin Chunfu , Lin Pei-Sung , Kourtellis Achilleas
Published: December 2017

This paper examines the effects of demographics and neighborhood environment on pedestrian injury severity to inform proactive countermeasures for improving pedestrian safety. A mixed effects logistic model addressing unobserved heterogeneity was developed from 3,948 pedestrian-involved crashes that occurred in Florida from 2011 to 2014. Six normally distributed random parameters were identified to reflect random effects on the pedestrian injury severity. The heterogeneity of two demographic factors (older and male pedestrians) suggested the need for more customized education programs to improve pedestrian safety awareness and knowledge, especially for older pedestrians. Relative to low-income areas, 67.7% of pedestrians involved in crashes in higher-income areas were less likely to sustain severe injury. Analysis of sample data also indicated that low-income areas tended to have had more unsafe behaviors by pedestrians related to higher injury severity (e.g., crossing at dark in unlighted areas). Higher-income areas tended to have had more unsafe behaviors by drivers related to higher injury severity (e.g., distracted driving). Other significant factors included lighting conditions (daylight, darkness without lighting), speed limit, alcohol or drug impairment, dart or dash behavior, crossing indicator, and traffic control device indicator. Regarding neighborhood land use types, two indicators about the presence of bus stops and department stores or supermarkets nearby were significant, and their effects were also random. Further investigations are needed to identify systematically the need for effective countermeasures in severe injury crash clusters in the future.
Changing the Future?: Development and Application of Pedestrian Safety Performance Functions to Prioritize Locations in Seattle, Washington
Authors: Thomas Libby , Lan Bo , Sanders Rebecca L. , Frackelton Alexandra , Gardner Spencer , Hintze Michael
Published: December 2017

This study aimed to use robust analysis methods to identify and screen locations at risk for pedestrian crashes and injuries to help Seattle, Washington, a Vision Zero city, broaden treatment priorities beyond only high-crash locations. For this objective, data from the entire network were used to develop safety performance functions (SPFs) for two pedestrian crash types: total pedestrian crashes at intersections (a high frequency type) and a subset of intersection crashes involving through motorists striking crossing pedestrians (a high severity type). Many variables from roadway, built environment, census, and activity measures were tested. A similar but not identical set of variables, including measures of activity and intersection size and complexity, significantly contributed to crash prediction in both models. Pedestrian volume exhibited a curved relationship to crashes and demonstrated a tendency for expected crashes to begin to decline above a threshold value; however, the causes of this relationship were unknown. The SPFs were used in several ranking methods, including SPF-predicted crashes, empirical Bayes estimated crashes, and potential for safety improvement, to aid in prioritization of locations that might have been candidates for safety improvement but that had not necessarily experienced a high frequency of crashes. On the basis of this example, this approach is feasible for jurisdictions that wish to be more proactive in addressing potential crashes and injuries. Jurisdictions must, however, begin routinely collecting the data needed to implement the method efficiently.
Medical Implications of Space Radiation Exposure Due to Low-Altitude Polar Orbits
Authors: Chancellor Jeffery C. , Auñon-Chancellor Serena M. , Charles John
Published: December 2017

INTRODUCTION: Space radiation research has progressed rapidly in recent years, but there remain large uncertainties in predicting and extrapolating biological responses to humans. Exposure to cosmic radiation and solar particle events (SPEs) may pose a critical health risk to
future spaceflight crews and can have a serious impact on all biomedical aspects of space exploration. The relatively minimal shielding of the cancelled 1960s Manned Orbiting Laboratory (MOL) program’s space vehicle and the high inclination polar orbits would have left the crew susceptible
to high exposures of cosmic radiation and high dose-rate SPEs that are mostly unpredictable in frequency and intensity.METHODS: In this study, we have modeled the nominal and off-nominal radiation environment that a MOL-like spacecraft vehicle would be exposed to during a 30-d mission
using high performance, multicore computers.RESULTS: Projected doses from a historically large SPE (e.g., the August 1972 solar event) have been analyzed in the context of the MOL orbit profile, providing an opportunity to study its impact to crew health and subsequent contingencies.DISCUSSION:
It is reasonable to presume that future commercial, government, and military spaceflight missions in low-Earth orbit (LEO) will have vehicles with similar shielding and orbital profiles. Studying the impact of cosmic radiation to the mission’s operational integrity and the health of
MOL crewmembers provides an excellent surrogate and case-study for future commercial and military spaceflight missions.Chancellor JC, Auñon-Chancellor SM, Charles J. Medical implications of space radiation exposure due to low-altitude polar orbits. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2018; 89(1):3–8.
Sleep on Long Haul Layovers and Pilot Fatigue at the Start of the Next Duty Period
Authors: Cosgrave Jan , Wu Lora J. , van den Berg Margo , Signal T. Leigh , Gander Philippa H.
Published: December 2017

INTRODUCTION: Layovers are critical for pilot recovery between flights and minimum layover durations are required by regulation. However, research on the factors affecting layover sleep and safety performance indicators (SPIs) before subsequent flights is relatively sparse. The
present project combined data from 6 studies, including 8 long-range and 5 ultra-long range out-and-back trips across a range of different layover destinations (299 pilots in 4-person crews, 410 layovers, 1–3 d layover duration).METHODS: Sleep was monitored via actigraphy
from 3 d pre-trip to at least 3 d post-trip. Pilots rated their sleepiness (Karolinska Sleepiness Scale, KSS) and fatigue (Samn-Perelli scale, SP) at duty start for the inbound flight. Mixed model ANOVAs identified independent associations between fatigue and sleepiness SPIs and operational
factors (domicile time of duty start for the inbound flight in six 4-h bins, layover duration, and total sleep time (TST) in the 24 h prior to inbound duty start).RESULTS: TST was greatest on layovers ending between 1200–1559 domicile time (time in the city from which the
outbound flight departed) and TST was a significant predictor of both KSS and SP ratings at duty start for the inbound flight.DISCUSSION: TST in the 24 h prior to the inbound flight was greatest when duty start time allowed for the inclusion of a full domicile night time period.
In this dataset, circadian end-time of layovers is a key determinant of pilot fatigue status at the beginning of the inbound duty period.Cosgrove J, Wu LJ, van den Berg M, Signal TL, Gander PH. Sleep on long haul layovers and pilot fatigue at the start of the next duty period. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2018; 89(1):19–25.