bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tackling the biophysical properties of sphingolipids to decipher their biological roles
Authors: Carreira Ana C. , Ventura Ana E. , Varela Ana R.P. , Silva Liana C.
Published: January 2015

From the most simple sphingoid bases to their complex glycosylated derivatives, several sphingolipid species were shown to have a role in fundamental cellular events and/or disease. Increasing evidence places lipid-lipid interactions and membrane structural alterations as central mechanisms underlying the action of these lipids. Understanding how these molecules exert their biological roles by studying their impact in the physical properties and organization of membranes is currently one of the main challenges in sphingolipid research. Herein, we review the progress in the state-of-the-art on the biophysical properties of sphingolipid-containing membranes, focusing on sphingosine, ceramides, and glycosphingolipids.
The Effects of Different P2O5 Content and Basicity on Phosphorus Enrichment in the CaO-SiO2-FetO-P2O5 Slag System
Authors: Zhao L.H. , Zhang Y.J. , Zhou H.M. , Xu P. , Bao Y.P.
Published: January 2015

To improve the additional value of phosphorus-enrichment phase in slag, it is necessary to make phosphorus to be enriched in the slag. This paper elaborates the effects of different P
Identification of Stable Processing Parameters in Ti–6Al–4V Alloy from a Wide Temperature Range Across β Transus and a Large Strain Rate Range
Authors: Quan Guo-Zheng , Wen Hai-Rong , Pu Shi-Ao , Zou Zhen-Yu , Wu Dong-Sen
Published: January 2015

The hot workability of Ti–6Al–4V alloy was investigated according to the measured stress–strain data and their derived forms from a series of hot compressions at the temperatures of 1,023–1,323 K and strain rates of 0.01–10 s
Tabu Search for Low-Cost Dynamic Multicast Tree Generation with Quality of Service Guarantees
Authors: Tahir Muhammad Atif , Jamshed Asif , Rehman Habib-ur , Daadaa Yassine
Published: January 2015

In a communication network with a source node, a multicast tree is defined as a tree rooted at the source node and all its leaves being recipients of the multicast originating at the source. The tree or bandwidth cost is normally measured by its utilization of tree links along with the quality of service (QoS) measures such as delay constraint and end-to-end delay. However, if nodes are allowed to join or leave the multicast group at any time during the lifetime of the multicast connection, then the problem is known as dynamic multicast routing problem. In this article, we combine a greedy approach with static multicast routing using Tabu Search to find a low-cost dynamic multicast tree with desirable QoS parameters. The proposed algorithm is then compared with several static multicast routing algorithms. The simulation results show that, on a large number of events, i.e., where nodes are leaving or joining, the proposed algorithm is able to find multicast trees of lower cost and more desirable QoS properties.
A Survey on Next-Generation Mixed Line Rate (MLR) and Energy-Driven Wavelength-Division Multiplexed (WDM) Optical Networks
Authors: Iyer Sridhar
Published: January 2015

With the ever-increasing traffic demands, infrastructure of the current 10 Gbps optical network needs to be enhanced. Further, since the energy crisis is gaining increasing concerns, new research topics need to be devised and technological solutions for energy conservation need to be investigated. In all-optical mixed line rate (MLR) network, feasibility of a lightpath is determined by the physical layer impairment (PLI) accumulation. Contrary to PLI-aware routing and wavelength assignment (PLIA-RWA) algorithm applicable for a 10 Gbps wavelength-division multiplexed (WDM) network, a new Routing, Wavelength, Modulation format assignment (RWMFA) algorithm is required for the MLR optical network. With the rapid growth of energy consumption in Information and Communication Technologies (ICT), recently, lot of attention is being devoted toward “green” ICT solutions. This article presents a review of different RWMFA (PLIA-RWA) algorithms for MLR networks, and surveys the most relevant research activities aimed at minimizing energy consumption in optical networks. In essence, this article presents a comprehensive and timely survey on a growing ﬁeld of research, as it covers most aspects of MLR and energy-driven optical networks. Hence, the author aims at providing a comprehensive reference for the growing base of researchers who will work on MLR and energy-driven optical networks in the upcoming years. Finally, the article also identifies several open problems for future research.
Cushing syndrome related to leukemic infiltration of the central nervous system
Authors: Yadav Jaivinder , Jain Vandana
Published: January 2015

Cushing syndrome (CS) due to central nervous system (CNS) infiltration of hematological malignancy is a rare finding.

A 6.5-year-old boy with B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) came with excessive weight gain, headache, and irritability over last 2 months. CNS was not involved at diagnosis of ALL. On examination, the child had central obesity, moon facies, and buffalo hump. His height was at 3rd–25th percentile, weight was at >97th percentile, and blood pressure was >99th percentile. Serum cortisol was high in morning (25 μg/dL), at 12 a.m. (19.3 μg/dL) and remained elevated (7.5 μg/dL) after overnight dexamethasone test. Examination of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) revealed blast cells suggestive of CNS relapse. Our second case was a 2.5-year-old girl with precursor B cell ALL, came with complaints of excessive weight gain, and increased appetite over last 3 months. On examination, the child had Cushingoid facies with trunkal obesity. Blood pressure was normal. Serum cortisol at 8 a.m. (40.4 μg/dL), midnight (13.8 μg/dL), and after dexamethasone suppression test (22 μg/dL) was high. CSF examination showed blast cells. We diagnosed both cases with adrenocorticotropic hormone-dependent CS due to CNS relapse based on the above findings.

We have reported two cases of CS due to CNS relapse of ALL. CS is a very rare manifestation of CNS relapse in patients with leukemia, and the exact pathogenesis is not clear.
First confirmed records of two bat species for Iraq: Rhinolophus euryale and Myotis emarginatus (Chiroptera)
Authors: Al-Sheikhly Omar F. , Haba Mukhtar K. , Görföl Tamás , Csorba Gábor
Published: January 2015

Based on a cave survey, we present the first substantiated data of two bat species from Iraq. Both Mediterranean horseshoe bat (
Environmentally degradable sago starch filled low-density polyethylene
Authors: Hossen Beg Mohammad Dalour , Kormin Shaharuddin , Bijarimi Mohd , Zaman Haydar U.
Published: January 2015

Degradable native low density polyethylene (LDPE) and modified LDPE films containing 5–30 wt% of sago starch, and LDPE with prodegradant additives in the form of a master batch (MB) in the amounts of 30% starch were prepared by twin screw extrusion followed by injection molding. Studies on their mechanical properties such as tensile strength and elongation at break and biodegradation were carried out by tensile test and exposure to hydrolysis, fungi environment as well as by natural weathering and burial in soil. The presence of high starch contents had an adverse effect on the tensile properties of the blend films. High starch content was also found to increase the rate of biodegradability of the films. The characteristic parameters of the environment were measured during the period of degradation and their influence on degradation of LDPE was discussed. Changes in weight, morphology, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and tensile properties of polymer samples were tested during the experiment performed.
Optimization of 210Po estimation in environmental samples using an improved deposition unit
Authors: Dubey Jay Singh , Sahoo Sunil Kumar , Mohapatra Swagatika , Lenka Pradyumna , Patra Aditi Chakravarty , Thakur Virender Kumar , Ravi Pazhayath Mana , Tripathi Raj Mangal
Published: January 2015

Measurement of 210Po in environmental matrices is
important due to its very high specific activity, present in every
compartment of the environment due to a daughter product of uranium
(238U), accumulative and highly toxic in
nature. Conventional method for 210Po estimation is by
auto-deposition onto both sides of a silver disc followed by alpha
spectrometry of both the sides. A new deposition unit having the
facility to hold the silver disc and magnetic stirring bar has
designed and fabricated for 210Po estimation in which only
one side is counted. In the conventional method, the total activity is
distributed to the both sides of the silver disc and more counting
time is required whereas in the improved deposition unit, only one
side contain all the activity so that one time counting is required
with better statistical significance. The same has been observed in
spike recovery and water sample assessment. The tracer recovery in the
conventional method was 72% – 88% and
70% – 85% whereas for the new deposition the recovery is
87% – 99% and 78% – 94% for spike recovery
study and environmental samples, respectively. Certified tracers were
analysed for the assurance of the reliability of the method and the
results were in good agreement with the recommended value with
a relative error <20%. The MDA of the method is
1.5 mBq for the estimation of 210Po at
3σ confidence level, 86400 s. counting time and
100 ml of water sample, taking the detector efficiency and
chemical yield into consideration. The results obtained from both the
methods were compared statistically. χ
2 test, repeatability
parameters, relative bias measurement and linearity test was performed
for both the methods. The % difference between the two methods in
terms of linearity is 0.2%. From the χ
2 test it can
be concluded that the measured data by two methods falls within
99% confidence interval. The modified deposition unit enhance
the statistical significance, reduce the counting time, improved
detection level, accuracy and precision and more suitable for
determination of 210Po in environmental samples as the
levels in various environmental matrices is very low and close to the
method detection level.
Preparation, characterization and thermodynamic properties of Zr-containing Cl-bearing layered double hydroxides (LDHs)
Authors: Rozov Konstantin , Curtius Hilde , Bosbach Dirk
Published: January 2015

Zr-containing layered double hydroxides (LDHs) with variable
xZr
solid
 = Zr/(Zr + Al) mole
fractions were synthesized by a co-precipitation method at ambient
conditions. The chemical compositions of samples and corresponding
aqueous solutions after syntheses were analyzed by ICP-OES, EDX
(Mg, Al, Zr) and ion chromatography
(Cl
–
). Results of PXRD technique demonstrated that solids
with 0 ≤ xZr
solid
 ≤ 0.5 show only X-ray reflexes
typical for pure LDH compositions, while products of syntheses with
xZr
solid
 > 0.5 display additional patterns attributed to
brucite. ICP-OES and EDX techniques shown that in pure
Zr-containing LDHs the Mg/(Al + Zr) ratio
is reducing with increase of xZr
solid
and the
stoichiometry of brucite-like layers corresponds to
[Mg3–2x
Al1–x
Zr
x
]. This fact may indicate that
the incorporation of 1 Zr-containing specie results in the removal of
1 Al- and 2 Mg-containing species from the pure
Mg-Al-composition. Such mechanism may be confirmed by
the observation that measured a
0 = b
0 distances are generally
consistent with theoretical estimates obtained from
[Mg3–2x
Al1–x
Zr
x
]-stoichiometry. The presence of
predominant Mg2+, Al(OH)4

–
and
Zr(OH)5

–
complexes in aqueous solutions after syntheses
was established in thermodynamic calculations by applying
GEMS-Selektor v.3. code and, therefore, the reaction:
Mg3Al1(OH)8Cl1 + Zr(OH)5

–
= Mg1Zr1(OH)5Cl1 + Al(OH)4

–
 + 2 Mg2+ + 4 OH
–

can describe a mechanism of Zr-substitution. Estimates of the
molar Gibbs free energies of Zr-containing LDHs with
0 ≤ xZr
solid
 ≤ 0.5 show that the incorporation of
Zr into the LDH increasing significantly their aqueous
solubility. Thus, it is not possible to neglect that Zr can be
partly localized as Zr(OH)5

–
-ligands in the interlayer
space of the LDH structure.
Measurement of cross section of the 98Mo(n, γ)99Mo reaction using monochromatic thermal neutrons
Authors: Uddin Md. Shuza , Afroze Nazmin , Hossain Syed Mohammod , Zakaria A.K.M. , Islam Mohammod Amirul
Published: January 2015

The cross sections of the reaction 98Mo(n, γ)99Mo at neutron energies of 0.0334 eV and
0.0536 eV were measured for the first time using the activation technique, and the resulting values of
116 ± 7 mb and 91 ± 5 mb, respectively, are in good agreement with the JENDL-4 and ENDF/B-VII data files. Those
measured values were extrapolated to the energy 0.0253 eV assuming 1/v dependence in the thermal region and the results
were compared with the integrally measured values reported in the literature. The new data are thus useful to check the evaluated
excitation function.
Different Patterns of Electrical Activity Lead to Long-term Potentiation by Activating Different Intracellular Pathways
Authors: Zhu Guoqi , Liu Yan , Wang Yubin , Bi Xiaoning , Baudry Michel
Published: January 2015

Deciphering and storing information coded in different firing patterns are important properties of neuronal networks, as they allow organisms to respond and adapt to external and internal events. Here we report that hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons respond to brief bursts of high-frequency stimulation (HFS) and θ burst stimulation (TBS) with long-lasting enhanced responses (long-term potentiation [LTP]), albeit by engaging different signaling pathways. TBS induces LTP through calpain-1-mediated suprachiasmatic nucleus circadian oscillatory protein degradation, ERK activation, and actin polymerization, whereas HFS requires adenosine A2 receptors, PKA, and actin polymerization. TBS- but not HFS-induced LTP is impaired in calpain-1 knock-out mice. However, TBS-induced LTP and learning impairment in knock-out mice are restored by activating the HFS pathway. Thus, different patterns of rhythmic activities trigger potentiation by activating different pathways, and cross talks between these can be used to restore LTP and learning when elements of the pathways are impaired.
An Unusual Association: Right Atrial Myxoma and Severe Left Ventricular Dysfunction. Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Dorobantu Lucian Florin , Chioncel Ovidiu , Pasare Alexandra , Usurelu Dorin Lucian , Bubenek-Turconi Ioan Serban , Iliescu Vlad Anton
Published: January 2015

Myxomas comprise 50% of all benign cardiac tumors in adults, with the right atrium as their second most frequent site of origin. Surgical resection is the only effective therapeutic option for patients with these tumors. The association between right atrial myxomas and severe left ventricular systolic dysfunction is extremely rare and makes treatment even more challenging. This was the case for our patient, a 47-year-old male with a right atrial mass and a severely impaired left ventricular function, with a 20% ejection fraction. Global enlargement of the heart was also noted, with moderate right ventricular dysfunction. The tumor was successfully excised using the on-pump beating heart technique, with an immediate postoperative improvement of the left ventricular ejection fraction to 35%. The technique proved useful, with no increased risk to the patient.
Single-Patch Fold-Back Technique for Augmentation of the Superior Vena Cava in Sinus Venosus Atrial Septal Defect Associated with Partial Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return
Authors: Ohira Suguru , Doi Kiyoshi , Nakamura Takeshi , Yaku Hitoshi
Published: January 2015

Sinus venosus atrial septal defect (ASD) is usually associated with partial anomalous pulmonary venous return (PAPVR) of the right pulmonary veins to the superior vena cava (SVC), or to the SVC-right atrial junction. Standard procedure for repair of this defect is a patch roofing of the sinus venosus ASD and rerouting of pulmonary veins. However, the presence of SVC stenosis is a complication of this technique, and SVC augmentation is necessary in some cases. We present a simple technique for concomitant closure of sinus venosus ASD associated with PAPVR and augmentation of the SVC with a single autologous pericardial patch.
Comparative analysis of methods of training and dietary habits of skilled bodybuilders in the run-general preparatory stage
Authors: Dzhym V.Y.
Published: January 2015

Purpose : comparative analysis of the characteristics of methods of training and nutrition bodybuilders in the run-general of the preparatory phase (duration 4 - 5 months or 20 microcycles). Analyzed the characteristics of different methods of training bodybuilders to increase muscle mass. Material : the study involved 8 skilled bodybuilders, are included in the team of the Kharkiv region. Results : a comparative characteristic of the most commonly used methods of exercise and nutrition in bodybuilding. Discovered and proved the optimal technique for athletes depending on the original form at the beginning of general-preparatory phase of training. Driven changes in body weight, depending on the amount used Athlete of carbohydrates, proteins and fats. Conclusions : throughout the training period was characterized by severe protein diet orientation. The proportion of the nutrient was 40% in the first quarter, 50% - in the second, 60% in the third. Only in the last two microcycle decreased to 50%.
Effectiveness of competitive activity of high class hockey players accounting a level of their self-esteem
Authors: Mikhnov A.P.
Published: January 2015

Purpose : study the effect of increasing the level of self-esteem on the efficiency of competitive activity of high class players. Material : the study involved sixteen athletes (Atlanta, Moscow region. - Continental Hockey League). Results : it was found that the application of special training self-esteem increases the level of implementation of technical and tactical action games. Number of goals increased by 8.92%, assists - 21.5%, the total number of shots on goal - to 20.02%. Conclusions : it is recommended specialized program correction level of self-esteem from 10 separate studies. Classes have different target setting: habit forming positive attitudes towards themselves, develop skills of active life position, securing high self-esteem. The program is used for two weeks in the preparatory period of training.
Educational competences and emotional intelligence level of teachers
Authors: Romanowska-Tolloczko Anna
Published: January 2015

Purpose : Determination of the relationship between the level of emotional intelligence and educational competences of teachers. Material and methods: The study was conducted among 120 primary school teachers. Assessment of the competence of teachers were analysed by means of a questionnaire constructed by the author of the elaboration, and the study of emotional predispositions used Two-dimensional Emotional Intelligence Inventory DINEMO. Results: It was found that teachers have a much lower level of educational competences in comparison to the substantive and methodical competences. Sphere of educational competences is the area in the work of teachers, which causes the most problems, and to which they feel the least prepared. The results of research on emotional intelligence showed variation in the levels of teachers predispositions Most of them - 54% is characterized by the average level of the selected features, 30% achieved high results, and 16% have low level of understanding and recognition of emotions. Conclusions: It was found that there is a correlation between the level of emotional intelligence and ability to cope in the educational situations. Understanding one's own and other people's emotions favors achieving high educational competences.
Features of influence of different modes of training on the dynamics of power performance bodybuilders on stage-specialized basic training
Authors: Slavityak O.S.
Published: January 2015

Purpose : study the effect of various features on the structure and orientation of exercise routines on the level of development of force capabilities bodybuilders on stage specialized basic training. Material : studies participated 60 athletes (age 18-19 years, the experience of training - 5 years). The study used a method of determining the index of the training load for the power sports. Level security features athletes determined by control testing. Control of the studied parameters was carried out for 4 months training at intervals of 1 month. Results : it was found that under conditions similar level of fitness athletes and structure your workout performance power load and the nature of their changes depend on the particular mode of training (in this study - from the application of the basic sequence variative and isolation exercises). Conclusions : the use of pilot training in integrated mode with alternating motor activity using the basic priority and isolation exercises for no more than 2 microcycles have the most significant positive impact on the increase in power performance parameters of athletes (on average by 26.5% p <0.05)
Longitudinal Relationship Between Metabolic Syndrome and Periodontal Disease Among Japanese Adults Aged ≥70 Years: The Niigata Study
Authors: Iwasaki Masanori , Sato Misuzu , Minagawa Kumiko , Manz Michael C. , Yoshihara Akihiro , Miyazaki Hideo
Published: January 2015

Background: There has been little evaluation in longitudinal epidemiologic studies of the effect of metabolic syndrome (MetS) on periodontal status. The specific aim of this longitudinal study is to investigate whether MetS in the Japanese population could be a risk factor for periodontal disease.

Methods: A total of 125 older adults from Japan for whom data were available for the years 2003 to 2006 were selected for the current study. Full‐mouth periodontal status, measured as clinical attachment level (CAL), was recorded at baseline and in follow‐up examinations. Development of periodontal disease was considered to be ≥2 teeth demonstrating a longitudinal loss of proximal attachment of ≥3 mm at the follow‐up dental examination. A multivariable Poisson regression model with robust error variance was used to evaluate the association of MetS defined by the modified National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III criteria with development of periodontal disease. Adjustments for sex, income, education, smoking status, number of teeth at baseline, mean CAL at baseline, pattern of visits to a dentist, and brushing frequency were considered.

Results: The prevalence of MetS was 21.6% (27/125). Study participants with MetS were approximately 2.6 times more likely to develop periodontal disease (adjusted relative risk 2.58, 95% confidence interval 1.17 to 5.67) after simultaneous adjustment for other covariates.

Conclusions: These findings support the hypothesis that MetS may be a risk factor for periodontal disease in older Japanese individuals. Additional studies with larger, more diverse populations and more complete information are needed to substantiate the findings.
Drilling String Corrosion - A Major Drilling Problem
Authors: Murray A.S. , Holman W.E.
Published: January 2015

The sources of drilling string corrosion are discussed, together with an economic estimate of the magnitude of this problem in our drilling industry. Problems associated with measuring the corrosion rate in drilling fluids under field conditions are reviewed. A technique for making corrosion rate evaluations is described. It is based on field test data from over 100 wells drilled by Imperial Oil Limited in Western Canada. Remedial chemicals and procedures to overcome drilling string corrosion are discussed.
On Byzantine origins of figural miniatures of Belgrade Alexandride
Authors: Zivkovic Milos
Published: January 2015

The late antique literary biography of Alexander the Great known as
Pseudo-Callisthenes? Alexander Romance was remarkably popular reading both in
Byzantium and in the West in the middle ages. This literary work was also
translated into Serbian Slavonic. Two extensively illustrated manuscripts of
the ?Serbian Alexandride?, and one decorated with only a few drawings are
known. The paper discusses the iconographic features of the oldest of the
known manuscripts, the so-called Belgrade Alexandride, which is commonly
dated to the second half or the end of the fourteenth century. The research
is particularly focused on the costumes of the depicted figures. The findings
of the research suggest that the iconographic solutions of the miniatures are
of Byzantine origin and that earlier views suggesting West-European
influences on their shaping are not founded.
Real or Virtual? Political Communication in Romania (2004-2008/9)
Authors: Marinescu Valentina , Mitu Bianca
Published: January 2015

The civic and political participation is considered to be central to the concept of democracy and it is particularly relevant in the context of contemporary democracies. The participation of citizens in civic or political activities has been a constitutive element of democracy since ancient times. Any dis-cussion of participation needs to acknowledge the space within which the citizens engage. This article will focus on the online engagement and online civic and political participation. The existing studies in literature focus on the analysis of the online election campaigns [Klotz 2005; Xenos, Foot 2005], on the study of the characteristics of the individuals who engage in on-line and off-line activities [Rice, Katz 2004; Weber 2003] or on the identification of the role of the media as a main information source for the voters [Ramie 2005]. This article aims to analyze the main features of the use of new media in political life and the relation between new media and civil society in Romania during 2004-2012. Also the article aims to provide and answer to the following questions: Which were the main characteristics of the usage of new media during the Romanian electoral campaigns 2004-2008/2009? How is the Internet used in the civic life during the non-electoral periods in Romania?
Finite Difference Solution of Unsteady Flow Past an Oscillating Semi-Infinite Vertical Plate with Variable Surface Temperature and Uniform Mass Flux
Authors: Muthucumaraswamy R. , Saravanan B.
Published: January 2015

A finite difference solution of an unsteady flow past an oscillating semi-infinite vertical place with variable temperature and uniform mass flux is presented here. The fluid considered here is a gray, absorbing-emitting radiation but a non-scattering medium. The dimensionless governing equations are solved by an efficient, more accurate, and unconditionally stable and fast converging implicit scheme. The steady state velocity, temperature and concentration profiles are shown graphically. The effect of velocity and temperature for different physical parameters such as the thermal radiation, Schmidt number, thermal Grashof number and mass Grashof number is studied. It is observed that the velocity decreases in the presence of thermal radiation. It is also observed that the time taken to reach a steady-state is more in the case of vertical plate than horizontal plate.
Reflection of P-Wave and Sv-Wave in a Generalized Two Temperature Thermoelastic Half-Space
Authors: Santra S. , Lahiri A. , Das N.C.
Published: January 2015

In this work the theory of two temperature generalized thermoelasticity has been used to investigate the problem of reflection of P-wave and SV-wave in a half space when the surface is i) thermally insulated or ii) isothermal. The ratios of the reflection coefficient to that of the incident coefficient for different cases are obtained for P-wave and SV-waves. The results for various cases for the conductive and dynamical temperature have been compared. The results arrived at in the absence of the thermal field (elastic case) have also been compared with those in the existing literature. Finally, the results for various cases have been analyzed and depicted in graphs.
Thrust Bearing with Rough Surfaces Lubricated by an Ellis Fluid
Authors: Walicka A. , Walicki E. , Jurczak P. , Falicki J.
Published: January 2015

In the paper the influence of bearing surfaces roughness on the pressure distribution and load-carrying capacity of a thrust bearing is discussed. The equations of motion of an Ellis pseudo-plastic fluid are used to derive the Reynolds equation. After general considerations on the flow in a bearing clearance and using the Christensen theory of hydrodynamic rough lubrication the modified Reynolds equation is obtained. The analytical solutions of this equation for the cases of a squeeze film bearing and an externally pressurized bearing are presented. As a result one obtains the formulae expressing pressure distribution and load-carrying capacity. A thrust radial bearing is considered as a numerical example.
Forming of the Most Convenient Bent Constructional Elements with a Permissible Strength Given
Authors: Fligiel M.
Published: January 2015

In the present study, the limiting values are determined of the criteria quantities of optimal forming of the most convenient bent supporting structure for the case of static loads in the range of the Hooke’s law applicability. As the criterion of the most convenient constructional element, the following were accepted: the smallest length of the activity of internal forces as well as the equal potential and the gradient of the potential energy of elastic deformation at each point of the constructional element.
Bracketing the Age of Freshwater Carbonate Formation by OSL Dating Near Lake Kolon, Hungary
Authors: Sipos György , Tóth Orsolya , Pécsi Eszter , Bíró Csaba
Published: January 2015

Freshwater carbonates are unique depositions in the centre of the Carpathian Basin, with debated origin and age. Their formation on the sand covered area of the Danube-Tisza Interfluve is mainly related to lakes appearing in low lying interdune areas from time-totime. Carbonate deposition is governed by various processes, but in general it can be traced back to climatic and concomitant surface and subsurface hydrological variations. Therefore marl, limestone and dolomite layers can be a marker of environmental change. To identify the type of environmental change they may indicate absolute or numerical ages are needed. In previous studies this issue has been addressed by the means of radiocarbon dating. In the present study we attempted to bracket the age of freshwater carbonate formation with the help of optically stimulated luminescence dating and compared our results to radiocarbon data from the literature. In general, the luminescence properties of the investigated samples proved to be suitable for determining the age of the bedding and covering sediments. OSL dates confirmed previous interpretations that freshwater carbonate formation in the area could have a peak around 10,5 ka. However, the termination of the deposition could not be unambiguously determined at the present stage of the analysis. The compound geomorphology and sedimentology of the study area call for further investigations.
Mycoparasitic nature of Bionectria sp. strain 6.21
Authors: Soares de Melo Itamar , Montes Peral Valente Angela Maria , Nessner Kavamura Vanessa , Dias Vilela Elke Simoni , Faull Jane Louise
Published: January 2015

In this study, a Bionectria sp. strain isolated from citrus rhizosphere was evaluated for its potential in inhibiting the growth of
Rhizoctonia solani and Pythium aphanidermatum. It was demonstrated that Bionectria sp. 6.21 inhibited the growth of P. aphanidermatum
and R. solani. In dual cultures, however, the antagonist only parasitised R. solani. Regarding the assay involving P. aphanidermatum,
a lack of mycoparasitic ability was demonstrated. Crude extract of Bionectria completely inhibited the mycelial growth of both fungi.
It appears that the main mechanism involved in the antagonism of Pythium by Bionectria is through antibiotic production. The antagonistic
fungus released extracellular secondary metabolites. The metabolites were found to be inhibitory to both plant pathogenic
fungi. From the crude extract, eleven fractions were obtained and tested for their antifungal properties. Two of them showed very
strong activity against P. aphanidermatum. The obtained results indicated that this biocontrol agent has both antibiotic and mycoparasitic
properties. On the other hand, evidence obtained from Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) suggests the involvement of an
enzymatic process, with enzymatic digestion playing a major role in the parasitism of Bionectria sp. 6.21. In conclusion, these results
provide evidence that mainly due to mycoparasitism, this strain has the potential to become a good candidate for biological control.
New Exoskeleton Arm Concept Design And Actuation For Haptic Interaction With Virtual Objects
Authors: Chakarov D. , Veneva I. , Tsveov M. , Tiankov T.
Published: January 2015

In the work presented in this paper the conceptual design and actuation of one new exoskeleton of the upper limb is presented. The device is designed for application where both motion tracking and force feedback are required, such as human interaction with virtual environment or rehabilitation tasks. The choice is presented of mechanical structure kinematical equivalent to the structure of the human arm. An actuation system is selected based on braided pneumatic muscle actuators. Antagonistic drive system for each joint is shown, using pulley and cable transmissions. Force/displacement diagrams are presented of two antagonistic acting muscles. Kinematics and dynamic estimations are performed of the system exoskeleton and upper limb. Selected parameters ensure in the antagonistic scheme joint torque regulation and human arm range of motion.
Meteoroids Interaction With The Earth Atmosphere
Authors: Turchak Leonid I. , Gritsevich Maria I.
Published: January 2015

In this study we evaluate meteoroid mass and its other properties based on the observed atmospheric trajectory. With account for aerodynamics, we formulate a problem by introducing key dimensionless parameters in the model, responsible for the drag, mass loss and rotation of meteoroid. The proposed model is suitable to categorize various impact events in terms of meteor survivability and impact damage and thus, to analyze consequences that accompany collisions of cosmic bodies with planetary atmosphere and surface. The different types of events, namely, formation of a massive single crater (Barringer, Lonar Lake), dispersion of craters and meteorites over a large area (Sikhote-Alin), absent of craters and meteorites, but huge damage (Tunguska) are considered as illustrative examples. The proposed approach helps to summarize the data on existing terrestrial impacts and to formulate recommendations for further studies valuable for planetary defence. It also significantly increases chances of successful meteorite recoveries in future. In other words, the study represents a ’cheap’ possibility to probe cosmic matter reaching planetary surface and it complements results of sample-return missions bringing back pristine samples of the materials.
Oxidative response of wetland macrophytes in response to contaminants of abiotic components of East Kolkata wetland ecosystem
Authors: Pal Sudin , Mondal Priyanka , Bhar Subhajit , Chattopadhyay Buddhadeb , Mukhopadhyay Subhra Kumar
Published: January 2015

The tannery effluent and composite municipal sewage water drained to the East Kolkata wetland (EKW), a Ramsar Site (1208), is used for agriculture and pisciculture after natural stabilization. Such composite wastewater is characterized by exceedingly high total dissolved solids, total hardness, chloride and heavy metals concentrations. These water born pollutants generate reactive oxygen species which are potentially toxic to the biological system. These reactive oxygen species are normally detoxified by some enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT). The present study was commenced to find out the SOD and CAT activities against the oxidative stress, if any, in four macrophytes namely, Eichhornia crassipes, Pistia stratiotes, Alternanthera sessilis and Sagittarria montevidensis of contaminated ponds (Site 1 and Site 2) of EKW and an uncontaminated site (Control site). During the course of sampling the physico-chemical factors were found significantly higher in the EKW ponds compared to the control site. In the EKW sites, higher rate of evaporation during summer months caused higher elemental concentration in the premonsoon than in other seasons. This led to high activity of both SOD and CAT enzymes. In contrast, heavy rain fall in monsoon lowers the elemental concentration - mainly due to dilution effect. Present experiment indicated that in a stressed ecosystem like EKW, the wetland plants overcome the stress by altering their stress enzyme activities, hence suggesting an evidence of adaptive mechanism to thrive in a stressful environment.
Routines in the process of organizational evolution
Authors: Stańczyk-Hugiet Ewa
Published: January 2015

The purpose of this article is to outline the cognitive model of organizational evolution taking into account the routines. Organizational evolution requires explanation and understanding of the mechanisms of development: variation, selection and retention. It is necessary also to define the object of evolution. The research results show that organizational routines constitute that object. As for the research purposes, it is important to determine the types of organizational routines. The logic of Nelson and Winter presents that routines appear as operating, generic, and search ones. As a result of the findings in the article, a cognitive model of organizational evolution has been proposed, in which organizational routines are the objects that affect the pattern of organization’s behavior and consequently its effectiveness, which in evolutionary terms is manifested by organization’s survival
Project management in boundary spanned teams - diversified directions of social exchange. The meta-analytical approach
Authors: Mazur Karolina
Published: January 2015

The conceptual model of the types of social exchange in project teams has been presented in the study. The perspective of a boundary spanned organization has been accepted as the basis of the analysis. The author conducted a critical review of literature in the area of relation between the quality of social exchange (referred to models: LMX, TMX and MMX) and such variables as: IP, OCB, OCBO, OCBI and COCB. The analysis included 87 research studies. A vertical and horizontal meta-analysis was made. The legitimacy of a conceptual model has been confirmed. The results of analysis indicated future research directions for independent research projects
Urbanization: Concepts, Trends and Analysis in Three Latin American Cities
Authors: Piña William Alfonso
Published: January 2015

Explanatory models on the urban expansion process have focussed mainly on the dynamic of cities in the developed countries that are characterized by a strong institutional framework, a culture of urban planning, and compliance with the rules. This paper analyses the phenomenon of urban expansion in three Latin American cities (Buenos Aires, Santiago de Chile and Mexico City), taking into account cities with a strong process of urbanization and where the local administration does not have enough control over the growth of cities due to the high rate of migration determining sub-urbanization, peri-urbanization, exo-urbanization, and counter-urbanization processes similar to developed countries. However, these processes may be related to hidden or displaced urbanization in rural areas of municipalities and metropolitan areas or intermediate cities due to the dynamics of urban consolidation. In every Latin American country, the participation and combination of these phenomena are different, although the results are similar: the advance of urban expansion with more segmented, disperse and distant patterns of large urban centres. This analysis determine the characteristics of the urbanization process taking into account physical and geographic aspects, urbanization trends and socioeconomic features in cities selected of Latin America and determines their impact determining the importance to formulate adequate policies that integrates environmental and socioeconomic aspects to achieve sustainable development in urban contexts.
“A Feast of Languages”: The Role of Language in the Globe to Globe Festival
Authors: Kenny Amy
Published: January 2015

In 2012, Shakespeare’s Globe hosted the Globe to Globe Festival, which featured performances from thirty-seven international companies in their native tongues as part of the Cultural Olympiad in the lead up to the London Olympic Games. This paper explores the role that language played in the Globe to Globe Festival, and the way in which language mediated direction and translation of various plays, specifically in the rehearsal room in anticipation of the performance itself. Translating Shakespeare into thirty-seven different languages allowed the companies to think about the potential benefits of performing their play in a specific dialect or style for both audiences at the Globe and their own language and culture as well. This paper considers the impact of language barriers that existed even within individual companies, and shows that the specific choices around language informed the ways audience members understood and interpreted the narratives of the plays during the festival.
Burn-up calculation of different thorium-based fuel matrixes in a thermal research reactor using MCNPX 2.6 code
Authors: Gholamzadeh Zohreh , Hossein Feghhi Seyed Amir , Soltani Leila , Rezazadeh Marzieh , Tenreiro Claudio , Joharifard Mahdi
Published: January 2015

Decrease of the economically accessible uranium resources and the inherent proliferation resistance of thorium fuel motivate its application in nuclear power systems. Estimation of the nuclear reactor’s neutronic parameters during different operational situations is of key importance for the safe operation of nuclear reactors. In the present research, thorium oxide fuel burn-up calculations for a demonstrative model of a heavy water- -cooled reactor have been performed using MCNPX 2.6 code. Neutronic parameters for three different thorium fuel matrices loaded separately in the modelled thermal core have been investigated. 233U, 235U and 239Pu isotopes have been used as fissile element in the thorium oxide fuel, separately. Burn-up of three different fuels has been calculated at 1 MW constant power. 135X and 149Sm concentration variations have been studied in the modelled core during 165 days burn-up. Burn-up of thorium oxide enriched with 233U resulted in the least 149Sm and 135Xe productions and net fissile production of 233U after 165 days. The negative fuel, coolant and void reactivity of the used fuel assures safe operation of the modelled thermal core containing (233U-Th) O2 matrix. Furthermore, utilisation of thorium breeder fuel demonstrates several advantages, such as good neutronic economy, 233U production and less production of long-lived α emitter high radiotoxic wastes in biological internal exposure point of view
Radiation methods in decision support system for food safety
Authors: Migdal Wojciech , Gryczka Urszula , Bertrandt Jerzy , Nowicki Tadeusz , Pytlak Radosław
Published: January 2015

Mathematical model is the basis for computer decision support system (DSS) connected with food security strategy, in which food irradiation is one of the methods used for elimination of substance with pathogens. Such system can support an organisation of many different activities in the area of food safety. It can be designed for a specific region, country, etc., and is addressed to State Sanitary Inspection offices. The paper demonstrates the capabilities of the system in modeling activities of sanitary inspection teams aimed at pathogen elimination with the use of electron beam irradiation in procedures of utilisation of animal originated food, related packaging, or other microbiologically contaminated materials. It describes new application of both computer supported decision systems and radiation processing. The elaborated mathematical models show human activities in the process of microbiological contamination elimination.
Persicaria nepalensis (Polygonaceae), a new potentially invasive anthropophyte in the Polish flora
Authors: Kowalczyk Tomasz , Pliszko Artur , Drobniak Szymon M.
Published: January 2015

Persicaria nepalensis (L.) Mill. is an annual herb occurring natively in South, East and Southeast Asia, having a range extending from Oceania to East Africa. Here we report the first Polish stand of this species, found in 2011 near Baligród (Western Bieszczady Mountains), followed by the discovery of two more stands in the surrounding area up to 2013. The floristic composition of vegetation impacted by P. nepalensis is presented, and the invasive potential and pathways of introduction of the species are briefly discussed.
On Mannia androgyna (Aytoniaceae, Marchantiophyta) in Eastern Asia
Authors: Borovichev Eugene A. , Bakalin Vadim A. , Higuchi Masanobu
Published: January 2015

The discovery of Mannia androgyna (L.) A. Evans in Russian Asian and Japanese localities changes the conception of the distribution patterns of the taxon, previously regarded as principally a Mediterranean species. A description and illustrations based on specimens collected in Russian Asia and Japan are provided. The history of the taxonomic understanding of Mannia androgyna is briefly reviewed, and features differentiating closely related species are discussed.
Data to the Malaysian liverwort flora, I
Authors: Pócs Tamás , Mohamed Haji , Yong Kien-Thai , Cheah Yih-Horng
Published: January 2015

120 liverwort specimens collected in peninsular Malaysia for oil body studies belonged to 80 species, 6 of which (Frullania subocellata S. Hatt., Chiloscyphus integerrimus Schiffn., Bazzania assamica (Steph.) S. Hatt., Bazzania bilobata Kitag., Telaranea quadriseta (Steph.) J. Engel & G. L. Merrill and Radula assamica Steph.) proved to be new for Malaysia and 9 to its peninsular part or to Selangor or Pahang states. The most interesting occurrences were of Frullania subocellata, hitherto known only from Seram Island, Chiloscyphus integerrimus, known from Java, and Telaranea quadriseta, an Australian element. The majority of the collected species are of Indomalesian distribution. Microphotos and distribution maps of the more interesting species are provided.
The Wind Regime in the Crişul Negru Hydrographic Basin
Authors: Viorel Galiş
Published: January 2015

The paper presents the main features of the wind regime in the Crişul Negru hydrographic basin starting from meteorological data recorded at 10 stations distributed across the basin. The analysis was developed based on the classical methodology of processing the meteorological data presented with a climatological purpose in various specialty studies. The study developed reveals that the wind regime depends on a number of factors such as the air movement, topography and local conditions, actually known from previous studies, but this paper distinguishes itself as a novelty through its values that are statistically concrete and correct, all calculated for the main parameters.