bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Trichomonas vaginalis infection and pregnancy outcome
Authors: Hamouda Marwa M. , Mohamed Sara A. , Nabih Nairmen , El-Henawy Abeer A. , Eldeen Nora Esam , EL-zayady Wafaa M.
Published: April 2022

Trichomoniasis is the most common curable sexually transmitted disease worldwide; T. vaginalis increases the risk for adverse pregnancy outcomes. In this study, we aimed to detect the prevalence of T. vaginalis infection in pregnant women and to determine the influence of trichomoniasis on pregnancy outcome. Vaginal swab specimens were obtained from 200 symptomatic and asymptomatic pregnant females, for whom clinical examination, vaginal discharge wet mount, Giemsa stain, and culture in modified Diamond’s media were performed. Metronidazole treatment was given for all positive cases. Sociodemographic information was collected, and cases were divided into two groups, the study group (infected) and the control group (not infected). Twenty four cases were positive for T. vaginalis infection. Cases were mostly detected by culture (12%) followed by wet mount microscopy and Giemsa staining (8.5%). Twelve of the 24 positive cases (50%) had preterm delivery. Low birth weight infant were observed in 17/24 cases (70%). The high rate of infection was observed in age group of 26–35 years (P = 0.017). In addition, there was a significant T. vaginalis infection in pregnant women with vaginal discharge and a history of previous infection (P < 0.05). Preterm delivery was statistically significant in cases with bad compliance to metronidazole treatment (p = 0.004). Our results highlight the presence of preterm delivery and delivery of Low birth weight infants in pregnant women infected with trichomonas vaginalis with vaginal discharge and a history of previous infection. So married women should be screened for trichomoniasis to reduce the incidence of preterm delivery and low birth weight.
The ICU-Venous Thromboembolism Score and tumor grade can predict in-hospital venous thromboembolism occurrence in critical patients with tumors
Authors: Mei Ruqi , Wang Guodong , Chen Renxiong , Wang Hongzhi
Published: April 2022

Background
Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a threat to the prognosis of tumor patients, especially for critically ill patients. No uniform standard model of VTE risk for critically ill patients with tumors was formatted by now. We thus analyzed risk factors of VTE from the perspectives of patient, tumor and treatment, and assessed the predictive value of the ICU-VTE score, which consisted of six independent risk factors (central venous catheterization, 5 points; immobilization ≧ 4 days, 4 points; prior VTE, 4 points; mechanical ventilation, 2 points; lowest hemoglobin during hospitalization ≧ 90 g/L, 2 points; and baseline platelet count > 250 000/µL, 1 points).
Methods
We evaluated the data of tumor patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit of the Peking University Cancer Hospital between November 2011 and January 2022, 560 cases who received VTE-related screening during hospitalization were chosen for this retrospective study.
Results
The in-hospital VTE occurrence rate in our cohort was 55.7% (312/560), with a median interval from ICU admission to VTE diagnosis of 8.0 days. After the multivariate logistic regression analysis, several factors were proved to be significantly associated with in-hospital VTE: age ≧ 65 yrs, high tumor grade (G3-4), medical diseases, fresh frozen plasma transfusion, and anticoagulant prophylaxis. The medium-high risk group according to the ICU-VTE score was positively correlated with VTE when compared with the low risk group (9–18 points vs. 0–8 points, OR, 3.13; 95% CI, 2.01–4.85, P < 0.001). The AUC of the ICU-VTE scores according to the ROC curve was 0.714 (95% CI, 0.67–0.75, P < 0.001).
Conclusions
The ICU-VTE score, as well as tumor grade, might assist in the assessment of in-hospital VTE risk for critically ill patients with tumors. The predictive accuracy might be improved when combining two of them, further follow-up researches are needed to confirm it.
Ways of being resilience on nursing home nursing staffs: A phenomenographic approach
Authors: CHANG Sung Ok , KIM Eun Young
Published: April 2022

Aim: The study’s aim is to identify the methods behind nursing staff resiliency in nursing homes (NHs)Method: Phenomenography was used. Data collection was conducted with semi-structured interviews with 20 nursing staff members in NHs, and a data analysis based on phenomenography was conducted.Results: Eight categories were derived. The eight categories were then divided into two groups of four representing perception and strategy. Perception had three levels of awareness, valuing, and assuring, while strategy had three levels of identifying, introspecting, and concretizing.Conclusion: The ways NH nursing staff enhanced and employed their resilience to overcome professional crises included considering both internal and external factors for residents and themselves while seeking a positive direction for growth. This study will suggest a roadmap for future educational interventions to improve the resilience of nursing staff working in NHs.
11C-methionine PET aids localization of microprolactinomas in patients with intolerance or resistance to dopamine agonist therapy
Authors: Bashari WA , Meulen M van der , MacFarlane J , Gillett D , Senanayake R , Serban L , Powlson AS , Brooke AM , Scoffings DJ , Jones J , O'Donovan DG , Tysome J , Santarius T , Donnelly N , Boros I , Aigbirhio F , Jefferies S , Cheow HK , Mendichovszky IA , Kolias AG , Mannion R , Koulouri O , Gurnell M
Published: April 2022

Purpose
To assess the potential for 11C-methionine PET (Met-PET) coregistered with volumetric magnetic resonance imaging (Met-PET/MRCR) to inform clinical decision making in patients with poorly visualized or occult microprolactinomas and dopamine agonist intolerance or resistance.
Patients and methods:
Thirteen patients with pituitary microprolactinomas, and who were intolerant (n = 11) or resistant (n = 2) to dopamine agonist therapy, were referred to our specialist pituitary centre for Met-PET/MRCR between 2016 and 2020. All patients had persistent hyperprolactinaemia and were being considered for surgical intervention, but standard clinical MRI had shown either no visible adenoma or equivocal appearances.
Results
In all 13 patients Met-PET/MRCR demonstrated a single focus of avid tracer uptake. This was localized either to the right or left side of the sella in 12 subjects. In one patient, who had previously undergone surgery for a left-sided adenoma, recurrent tumor was unexpectedly identified in the left cavernous sinus. Five patients underwent endoscopic transsphenoidal selective adenomectomy, with subsequent complete remission of hyperprolactinaemia and normalization of other pituitary function; three patients are awaiting surgery. In the patient with inoperable cavernous sinus disease PET-guided stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) was performed with subsequent near-normalization of serum prolactin. Two patients elected for a further trial of medical therapy, while two declined surgery or radiotherapy and chose to remain off medical treatment.
Conclusions
In patients with dopamine agonist intolerance or resistance, and indeterminate pituitary MRI, molecular (functional) imaging with Met-PET/MRCR can allow precise localization of a microprolactinoma to facilitate selective surgical adenomectomy or SRS.
Reconfigurable Negative Bit Line Collapsed Supply Write Assist for 9T-ST SRAM Cell
Authors: Ganesh Chokkakula , Murthy K. S.N.
Published: April 2022

This paper presents a Reconfigurable Negative Bit Line Collapsed Supply (RNBLCS) write driver circuit for the 9T Schmitt Trigger-based SRAM Cell (9T-ST), significantly improving write performance for real-time memory applications. In deep sub-micron technology, increasing device parameter deviations significantly reduce SRAM cells' write-ability. The proposed RNBLCS write-assist driver for 9T-ST SRAM cell has 0.84×, 0.48×, 0.27× optimized write access delay and 1.05×, 1.08×, 1.19× improvement in Write Static Noise Margin (WSNM), 1.05×, 1.13×, and 1.39× improvement in Write Margin (WM), 0.96×, 0.89× and 0.72× minimum Write Trip-Point (WTP) from Transient-Negative Bit Line (Tran-NBL), capacitive Charge Sharing (CCS), and conventional write circuits respectively. The proposed RNBLCS is functionally verified using a Synopsys Custom compiler with a 16nm BSIM4 model card for bulk CMOS.
Neck Disability and Insomnia in Head and Neck Cancer Survivors
Authors: Harris Alexandria , Li Jinhong , MA Karley Atchison , Soose Ryan , Piva Sara R. , Imes Christopher C. , Johnson Jonas T. , Nilsen Marci L.
Published: April 2022

Purpose: Head and neck cancer (HNC) treatments often have a substantial long-term impact on physical appearance, psychological well-being, and physiologic functions. Our study examines the relationship between symptoms of neck disability and insomnia among post-treatment HNC survivors.Methods: Cross-sectional analysis of adult survivors of squamous cell cancer of the oral cavity, oropharynx, and larynx/hypopharynx treated at a single-center, university-affiliated HNC survivorship clinic between August 2018 and March 2021. The primary outcome is Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) score. Multivariable ordinal regression was used to analyze the association between neck disability index (NDI) scores and insomnia.Results: A total of 411 predominantly male(77.9%) survivors with an average age of 63.07±11.53 years, were included in the analysis. Primary cancer sites were oropharynx(48.7%), oral cavity(28.0%), and larynx/hypopharynx(23.3%). Mean ISI and NDI scores were 7.09±6.66(range=0-28) and 8.83±8.06(range=0-38), respectively. After controlling for age, race, treatment modality, tumor site, tumor staging, and time since treatment, the odds of a survivor reporting insomnia was 8.65 times higher in those with mild neck disability(95% OR (4.31, 17.37), p<0.001) and 48.12 times higher in those with moderate to complete neck disability(95% OR (22.35, 103.58), p<0.001) when compared to those with no neck disabilityConclusions: The acute symptom burden of neck disability is shown to be highly associated with insomnia severity. HNC providers should address an array of symptoms for early diagnosis and intervention. Our results support the need for a multidisciplinary care model for post-treatment HNC survivors to facilitate screening, access and early intervention for survivor well-being.
Association of marital status with cognitive function in Chinese hypertensive patients: a cross-sectional study
Authors: shen si , Cheng Jianduan , Li Junpei , Xie Yanyou , Wang Li , Zhou Xinlei , Zhou Wei , Zhu Lingjuan , Wang Tao , Tu Jianglong , Bao Huihui , Cheng Xiaoshu
Published: April 2022

Purpose
The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of marital status with cognitive function, and to examine the potential effect modifiers in Chinese hypertensive populations.
Methods
A total of 9,525 adult Chinese hypertensive patients were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Cognitive function as the dependent variable in our study was assessed by the version of the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). We adjusted for potential confounding factors in multiple linear regression models to examine the relationship of marital status with cognitive function. In addition, we divided the population according to gender to explored whether there was a gender-specific differences.
Results
Among the 9,525 study participants, the mean (SD) age of males was 63.5 (10.3) years and mean MMSE was 24.9 ± 5.0, whereas in females the mean (SD) age was 63.8 (9.3) years and mean MMSE was 19.4 ± 6.4. Non-married person had lower score of MMSE, as well as lower subscore in each of the cognitive domains. A stronger correlation between marital status and lower MMSE score was statistically significant in men (non-married: β = -1.55; 95% CI: -1.89, -1.21) but not women (non-married: β = -0.22; 95% CI: -0.56, 0.12; p interaction = 0.006). Compared to participants in widowed and divorced status, never married men was more likely to have lower score of MMSE (β = -2.30, 95% CI -3.10 ,- 1.50; p < 0.001).
Conclusions
Our study demonstrated that non-married status as an extremely important but prone to be neglected social risk factor for cognitive function. Gender was a strong effect modifiers: Being non-married was correlated with a higher risk of cognitive decline compared to being married in Chinese hypertensive men, especially among older men, but not women. Moreover, never married men showed poorer cognitive function than those who were divorced or widowed.
A Novel Prognostic Model Based on N6-Methyladenosine Regulators Predicts the Prognosis of Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Wang Li , Zhou Guangyu , Zhu Yu , Xiao Han , Cai Duo
Published: April 2022

Little is known about the role of N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA methylation in the pathogenesis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). We identified m6A regulators as independent prognostic factors in AML and constructed a prognostic model based on m6A regulators. We performed differential analysis, functional enrichment analysis and protein-protein interaction relationships of the TCGA-LAML cohort. The relationship between m6A methylation and AML was demonstrated by copy number variation, methylation and co-expression analyses. Pathway activity and drug sensitivity analysis revealed possible pathogenic mechanisms of m6A in pan-cancer. Our study elucidates the important role of m6A regulators in the clinical prognosis of AML, and a prognostic model based on m6A regulators can accurately predict overall survival in AML patients.
Controlled release of vitamin D 3 using a nanocellulose-based membrane
Authors: Colturato Pedro L. , Goveia Danielle
Published: April 2022

Background
Epidemiological studies show that a significant fraction of the global population presents low levels of vitamin D3. In order to address this problem, one way to administer the vitamin is to incorporate it in novel drug delivery systems, such as transdermal devices. A possible substance for this purpose is cellulose, which has a long history of use in the health area. However, the application of nanostructured cellulose membranes, as local drug delivery systems, remains a challenge.
Objective
To develop a crystalline nanocellulose membrane as a new tool for the release of vitamin D3.
Methods
A new nanostructured membrane containing nanocellulose extracted from cotton linter and vitamin D3 was produced using the “casting” technique. The membrane was characterized using high-resolution scanning electron microscopy (FEG-SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The kinetics of vitamin release was quantified using molecular spectroscopy (UV-Vis).
Results
The FT-IR spectra showed the presence of all the active components in the membrane sample, without structural alterations or the formation of new bonds. The FEG-SEM images showed the presence of vitamin crystals on the surface and in the interior of the membrane. The release of vitamin D3 occurred in a sustained manner, obtaining 3,029 IU mL-1 of vitamin D3 in 60 min.
Conclusions
The findings demonstrated that the membrane could be used for the sustained release of vitamin D3. This new biomaterial has potential as a new model for vitamin supplementation in individuals with vitamin D3 deficiency.
Development and characterization of novelly grown fire-resistant fungal fibers
Authors: Zhang Xijin , Li Yanjun , Fan Xudong , Wnek Gary , Liao Ya-Ting T. , Yu Xiong
Published: April 2022

This study conducted a comprehensive characterization and analyses on the fire-resistant behaviors of novel fungal fibers grown with substrate containing Silica (Si) source at multiple scales. At micro-scale, the results of SEM showed that silica affected the physiological activities of fungi, with the extent of effects depending upon its concentration. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectra displayed the existence of Si-O-C chemical bonds in fungal fibers grown with Si source, indicating that Si source becomes a part of the structure of fungal fibers. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and Microscale combustion calorimetry (MCC) of fungal fibers exhibit an early thermal decomposition of non-combustible components, which will potentially help release the thermal stress and mitigation of spalling when used in concrete. Compared with polypropylene (PP) fibers, fungal fibers have a lower thermal degradation rate, a higher residual weight, a lower heat release peak temperature, and less total heat of combustion; all of these indicate improved thermal stability and fire resistance, and a lower rate of function loss in case of a fire. Additionally, the thermal stability and fire resistance of fungal fibers were improved with the increase of Si source concentration in the nutrition medium. For example, addition of 2% Si source in the feeding substrate leads to a 23.21% increase in residual weight in TGA, and a 23.66 W/g decrease in peak heat release rate as well as a 2.44 kJ/g reduction in total heat of combustion in MCC. At laboratory scale, compared with PP fibers, fungal fibers grown with 2% Si source have a higher residual weight of 40.40%, a higher ignition temperature of 200.50°C, and a declined flame height of 11.64 mm in real fire scenarios. Furthermore, only in the fungal fibers grown with Si source, partial burning occurred. In post-fire conditions, the microstructure of residual char from fungal fibers grown with higher content of Si source became denser, which would lead to a reduction of the fuel vapor release and heat transfer. FTIR spectra of residual char demonstrated that fungal fibers grown with Si source formed more stable chemical bonds with higher heat of chemical bond formation, contributing to improved thermal stability and fire resistance. Therefore, compared with traditional fibers used for fiber reinforced concrete, incorporating the new natural grown fiber will potentially further improve the fire resistance of concrete and mitigate the concrete spalling.
Organic farming of cotton Gossypium hirsutum L. mediates species richness and evenness of generalist predators
Authors: Shahid Muhammad , Razaq Muhammad , Farooq Muhammad Omer , Adnan Muhammad , Zahid Shayan , Hussain Altaf
Published: April 2022

Organic farming is known to enhance the diversity and abundance of biological control agents thus, complements integrated pest management (IPM). There is little published literature from cotton crop grown organically with respect to abundance and diversity of natural enemies. In this study we present the assemblage of arthropods predatory communities from the organically as well as conventionally grown cotton. We noted two Coccinellids species (Coccinella undecimpunctata L., Coccinella septempunctata L.), Formicid, Orius insidious (Say), two spider species (Thomisidae and Araneidae) and Encarsia formosa Gahan in both kinds of fields, but their populations and diversity were more abundant in organically managed fields. In organic cotton, species richness was significantly higher and Simpson dominance was significantly lower compared to conventional counterpart in 2019 and reverse situation was observed in 2021. Moreover, Chrysoperla carnea (Stephen) were observed only in organically grown cotton. Spiders and formicids first appeared almost at the same time when hemipetran pests were recorded. This study demonstrates that organically grown cotton fosters more densities of biological control agents and their species. Our results proved that pest management is triggered by two phenomena in organic farming. First, pest densities are reduced by the number of natural enemy species (species richness) when dominance is lower, and secondly, by the limited number of dominant species present in organic fields when species richness is lower. We also discuss implications of our results for pest management on organically grown cotton in the context of ecosystem services.
Molecular Characterization and Heterotic Grouping of Traditional Assam Rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: Kumar Praveen , Sarma Debojit , Devi Laishram Monalisha , Bordoloi Dibosh , Barua P. K. , reddy Bodeddula Jayashankar
Published: April 2022

Parents of heterotic hybrids belong to different heterotic groups with high genetic divergence. Classification of traditional Assam rice germplasm in different pools would maximize the heterosis and ensure food security for over 35 million people. In the present investigation, 53 polymorphic markers detected 133 alleles across 60 upland rice genotypes of Assam, with an average of 2.5 alleles per marker. RM293 having the highest PIC value of 0.655, was the most appropriate marker for discriminating among genotypes. The genetic divergence using the Unweighted Neighbour-Joining (UNJ) method grouped the 60 genotypes into three major clusters. The eleven most divergent genotypes were subject to diallel analysis following Model 1 Method II of Griffing (1956) for combining ability and heterosis estimates. Lack of correlation between heterosis and genetic distance could be attributable to using a subset of markers not linked to yield or concerned. In genetic distance based heterotic grouping, the intra-group hybrids registered a higher frequency of crosses in concurrence with high values of grain yield per plant, specific combining ability effect, mid-parent heterosis, better-parent heterosis and standard heterosis than those of inter-group hybrids. An extensive choice of parents possessing attractive traits constellation would lead to increased yield of the hybrids with much better complementation and thus, needs emphasis together with a substantial hereditary distance for augmentation of yield heterosis.
Chemical hypermethioninemia in young mice: oxidative damage and reduction of antioxidant enzyme activity in brain, kidney, and liver
Authors: Meine Bernardo Moraes , Franceschi Thaís Scolari , Bona Natália Pontes , Spohr Luiza , Pedra Nathalia Stark , Spanevello Roselia Maria , de Aguiar Mayara Sandrielly Soares , Stefanello Francieli Moro
Published: April 2022

High levels of methionine (Met) and its metabolites, such as methionine sulfoxide (MetO), found in hypermethioninemia, can be detrimental to the body; however, the underlying mechanisms are still uncertain. Using a recently standardized protocol, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of chronic administration of Met and/or MetO on parameters of oxidative damage in the total brain, liver, and kidney of young mice. Swiss male mice were subcutaneously injected with Met and MetO at concentrations of 0.35–1.2 g/kg body weight and 0.09–0.3 g/kg body weight, respectively, from the 10th − 38th day post-birth, while the control group was treated with saline solution. Results showed that Met and/or MetO caused an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipoperoxidation, along with a reduction of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities in the brain. In the liver, Met and/or MetO enhanced ROS and nitrite levels, and reduced SOD, CAT, and delta aminolevulinic dehydratase activities. The effects on the kidney were an increase in ROS production and SOD activity, and a reduction in thiol content and CAT activity. These data demonstrated the contribution of redox imbalance to the systemic changes found in patients with hypermethioninemia. In conclusion, our findings may help future studies to better understand the pathophysiological mechanisms of hypermethioninemia as well as contribute to the search for new therapeutic agents for this pathology.
Variability in cadmium uptake in common wheat: impact of genetic variation and silicon supplementation
Authors: Yang Rui , LIANG XI , Strawn Daniel
Published: April 2022

Purpose To decrease the transfer of cadmium (Cd) to the food chain, it is essential to select wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) germplasm that accumulates the least amount of Cd and to develop management practices that promote a reduction in Cd uptake. This requires knowledge of factors controlling Cd accumulation in wheat plants, which are not fully understood. The aim of this study was thus to investigate variations in Cd accumulation, translocation, and subcellular distribution in response to supplemental Si in two wheat cultivars that have different Cd accumulation capacities. Methods Cd uptake and distribution in two common wheat cultivars, high-Cd ‘LCS Star’ and low-Cd ‘UI Platinum’ were evaluated at two levels of Cd (0 and 50 µM) and Si (0 and 1.5 mM) in a hydroponic experiment.Results LCS Star and UI Platinum were not different in root Cd accumulation but differed in Cd concentration in the shoot, which agreed with the variation between the two cultivars in their subcellular Cd distributions (i.e., cell wall and organelle and soluble fractions) as well as induced glutathione synthesis in response to Cd addition. Supplemental Si reduced Cd uptake and accumulation and suppressed Cd-induced glutathione synthesis.Conclusions The differences between the wheat cultivars in Cd accumulation in shoot mainly derive from root-to-shoot translocation, which is related to subcellular Cd distribution and Cd-induced glutathione synthesis. Exogeneous Si could decrease Cd translocation from root to shoot to alleviate Cd toxicity in common wheat.
Research on cooperative adaptive cruise control(CACC) system of heavy duty vehicle platooning
Authors: Ou jian , Han Xiansheng , Huang Dong , Wu Pengfei , Deng Guohong , Zhang Yong
Published: April 2022

To improve the highway congestion and low road transportation efficiency, heavy duty vehicle platooning driving in formation can improve the expressway in this paper. Firstly, a heavy duty vehicle longitudinal dynamic model and an inverse longitudinal dynamic model is established, an inverse engine model based on centroid moment of inertia balance is proposed for heavy duty vehicle platooning. Secondly, the distance between the front and rear vehicles, speed, acceleration and other relevant parameters in the heavy duty vehicle platooning are used as the input state of the controller, the vehicle acceleration required to follow the vehicle is determined by the model predictive control algorithm. At the same time, the hierarchical control system is established by the model predictive control algorithm and optimize it. Both simulation verification and intelligent vehicle experiment results show that the optimized platooning controller has a better performance than the general controller. The stability and effectiveness of the platooning are improved by this control method.
WSdesign: A free design tool for generating uniform and functionally gradient/hybrid wave springs fabricated using additive manufacturing processes
Authors: Haq Muhammad Rizwan ul , Nazir Aamer , Azam Hamza , Jeng Jeng-Ywan
Published: April 2022

Design for additive manufacturing (DfAM) enables the design and fabrication of intricate but application-based functionally optimized geometries by reducing the manufacturing time. It also gave unlimited design freedom to alter any specific parameter and re-generate the design with improved mechanical properties. However, designing a complex and application-specific component needs comprehensive knowledge of drawing, intended usage, high expertise, and command on designing software with ample time. Mechanical springs e.g., wave springs of uniform/complex shaped designs consume a lot of manual hard work. A new design tool is developed for constructing wave springs of different morphologies with uniform or varying design parameters or the combination of both by successfully controlling the number of waves per coil, coil diameter, geometric shape, thickness/width of the strip, the diameter of the wire, wave height, overlap between coils, etc. In this methodology, a graphical user interface (GUI) was developed in which the user can select the type of wave spring which can be either uniform, functional gradient, or hybrid along with every parameter with the geometric as well as dimensional variation is defined through Python code. The code is directly run in Autodesk Fusion 360 software which is used to transform that code into a 3D model with all defined features and can be saved in different formats which can be directly printed. Several designs of uniform and functionally graded/hybrid as well as complex shaped wave springs were successfully designed and manufactured by fused deposition modeling (FDM), stereolithography (SLA), and powder bed fusion (MJF) technology with different materials which resulted in a good surface finish, smooth printability, and less dimensional variation. In addition to that, this method can prove its versatility to design complex wave springs for research as well as for industrial usage as per load requirements without having in-depth design expertise and spending much less time.
Switchable Fano resonance filter with graphene -based double free-standing dielectric gratings
Authors: Wang Zexiang , Shi Wenjie , Hu Zhengda , Wang Jicheng , Khakhomov Sergei , Semchenko Igor
Published: April 2022

Fano resonance is based on plasmonic metasurfaces and has many applications in all kinds of fields. In this paper, we propose an independently switchable double-layer raster structure based on graphene. Depending on the highly adjustable nature of graphene, the Fermi energy level can be adjusted to control the Fano resonance at different wavelengths. The equivalent resonator coupling mode method is used to simulate the Fano resonance, and the transmission spectrum fits well. Functional switch at different wavelengths can be achieved using Fano resonance technology. The simulation obtained a fantastic group refractive index of the designed structure, indicating that it there is a possibility to apply it in slow light. The effect of the environmental refractive index on sensing performance was studied and we found the structure has great potential in making high-sensitivity sensors. To sum up, it is hoped that this structure can make a great contribution to the manufacture of integrated optics.
Low Profile Intelligent Reflecting Metasurface for B5G Applications
Authors: Selvaraj Monisha , Vijay Ramya , Anbazhagan Rajesh
Published: April 2022

In this letter, an intelligent reflecting single-layer frequency selective metasurface is presented for beyond fifth-generation (B5G) applications. The proposed unit cell comprises of a novel complementary loop to achieve wider impedance bandwidth of 0.70 – 0.96 THz with high angular stability and better polarization insensitivity. The modified complementary loop structure is etched on a gold-layered polydimethylsiloxane substrate that displays a stable resonance frequency for possible incident angles. The reflecting unit cell with negative permeability has a peak reflection coefficient of -24.19 dB at 0.82 THz. Here, an equivalent circuit model is used to analyse a proposed FSS in the THz range.
Workplace Violence and its Impact on the Professional Identity among Nursing Students in China: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: ZHU Lingyan , LU Dongyan , LUO Zhenlan , XU Mengqi , SUN Linfang , HU Sanlian
Published: April 2022

Background: Nursing students are one of the most vulnerable group suffering from workplace violence. This study aimed to investigate the violence toward Chinese nursing students, their response and effects on their careers. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 954 nursing students in ten universities in China. Results: The study found the incidence of workplace violence among nursing students was 42.98%. The violent incidents ranking from high to low were: verbal abuse, threat, body attack, sexual harassment and gathering disturbance. The majority of the nursing students chose to avoid the conflict during the incident. 86.34% of the students didn’t report the incidents. More than half of the victims developed post-traumatic stress disorder after the incidents. Students who explored violence scored lower in professional identity than those not. Measurement methods are used to build up the ability of the students to prevent, react, report and recover when they exposed to the incidents. Conclusions: Chinese nursing students were exposed to physical and psychological WPV during clinical practice with insufficient coping methods and psychological adjustment. The experience of violence significantly worsened the professional identity of nursing students.
Detection of Ethanol Concentration in Liquid Using a Double Layered Resonator Operating at 5g Mm-wave Frequencies
Authors: Qureshi Suhail Asghar , Abidin Zuhairiah Zainal , Majid Huda A. , Ashyap Adel YI , See Chan Hwang
Published: April 2022

This paper discusses a new sensing technique for detecting ethanol concentration in aqueous solutions rapidly based on electromagnetic resonance. The sensor consists of two substrate layers and operates at 5G millimetre-wave frequencies (5G mm-wave). An experimental study of the new resonator's configuration is undertaken in determining the sensor's sensitivity. During the measurements, 6 samples were modelled with varying amounts of ethanol concentration in the water. The results showed that S11 resonance moves linearly towards higher frequencies as the ethanol content increases. The resonance shifted by 178 MHz for every 10% increase in ethanol. As a result, the proposed 5G mm-Wave sensing technique based on a replaceable sensing layer proves to be suitable for rapid, accurate, and low-cost alcohol content detection in liquids.
Serum albumin and the short-term mortality in individuals with chronic systolic heart failure in intensive care unit: an analysis of MIMIC
Authors: Chao Peng , Zhang Xueqin , Wang Shanshan , Cui Xinyue , Zhang Lei , Ma Qingru
Published: April 2022

Decreased albumin levels are common in chronic heart failure (HF), but little is known about its role in mortality risk in HF. This study developed a cohort prediction model based on 7,121 individuals with heart failure to evaluate the short-term mortality and prognostic role of albumin in patients with chronic HF. The cohort was from intensive care unit between 2001 to 2012 in a publicly available clinical database in intensive care called MIMIC III. We used a generalized additive model to determine the nonlinear correlation between serum uric acid and 14th - day, 28th - day and 90th day all-cause mortality in patients with heart failure. The results showed that serum albumin was an independent risk factor for 14th -,28th - and 90th day all-cause mortality, and had a linear relationship with all-cause mortality in Chronic systolic heart failure. There is an interaction between ARDS and the influence of albumin on the outcome. The all-cause mortality on the 90th day predicted better clinical results with the all-cause mortality on the 14th day.
A Case Of SMARCB-1 (INI-1)-deficient Sinonasal Carcinoma with Clotting Factor XI Deficiency
Authors: yu xinlu , zheng tingyue , yang jingpu
Published: April 2022

BACKGROUND: SMARCB-1-deficient sinonasal carcinoma(SDSC) is a rare type of paranasal sinus malignant tumor that was newly discovered in recent years. This type of tumor is characterized by a high degree of malignancy and rapid progression, and is mostly diagnosed at an advanced stage.CASE PRESENTATION: This report serves to describe a case of an atypical imaging appearance with clotting factor XI deficiency. Computed tomography and MRI revealed that uneven soft tissue density was in the right anterior ethmoid sinus with the right lamina papyracea bone defect. The tumour was surgically removed, followed by further radiotherapy and chemotherapy. No tumor recurrence and metastasis during six months follow-up. CONCLUSION: As shown in this case, the imaging presentation is not all typical for patients, especially in the early stages. We should connect clinical symptoms with imaging features and find key clinical features to facilitate early diagnosis.Whether XI coagulation factor deficiency is related to SMARCB-1 deficiency is still unclear.
Biofuel production by solar-powered microwave pyrolysis of biomass: a case study on process optimization, environmental, and techno-economic aspects
Authors: Fodah Ahmed Elsayed Mahmoud , Abdelwahab Taha Abdelfattah Mohammed
Published: April 2022

Microwave pyrolysis of corn stover has been optimized by Response surface methodology under different microwave power (500, 700, and 900 W) and three ratios of activated carbon additive (10, 15, and 20%) for obtaining maximum bio-oil yield followed by biochar. The optimal result has been evaluated and the environmental and techno-economic impacts of using solar-powered microwave heating have been tested. The optimal pyrolysis condition found to be 700 W microwave power and 10% of activated carbon. The yields of both bio-oil and biochar were about 74 wt.% under optimal condition. The higher heat values of 26 MJ/kg and 16 MJ/kg were respectively achieved for biochar and bio-oil. The major components of bio-oil were hydrocarbons (36%) and phenols (28%) with low oxygen-containing compounds (2%) and acids (2%). Using the solar-powered system, 20549 tonnes of CO2 can be mitigated over the lifetime of the set-up, resulting in USD 51373 in carbon credit earnings, compared to 16875 tonnes of CO2 mitigation and USD 42167 in carbon credit earnings from a grid electricity system. The payback periods for solar-powered and grid-connected electrical systems are estimated to be 1.6 and 0.5 years, respectively, based on biochar and bio-oil income of USD 39700 and USD 45400.
Relationship of Vitamin D Deficiency with Cervical Vertebral Maturation and Dental Age in Adolescents: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Azarbakhsh Golnoosh , Iranparvar Parastoo , Tehranchi Azita , Moshfeghi Mahkameh
Published: April 2022

Background
This study aimed to assess the relationship between vitamin D deficiency, cervical vertebral maturation (CVM) as an indicator of skeletal age, and dental age in adolescent patients.
Methods
In this cross-sectional study, the chronological age of 52 orthodontic patients aged between 10 and 14 years were recorded, and their serum level of vitamin D was determined using a radioimmunoassay test. The patients were then divided into three groups based on their serum vitamin D level: severe deficiency, moderate deficiency, and the control group with normal vitamin D. The panoramic radiographs of patients were assessed to determine their dental age using Demirjian’s method. CVM was determined on lateral cephalograms using Baccetti’s classification to specify the skeletal age. Data were analyzed using a t-test, linear regression, ordinal logistic regression and Pearson’s correlation coefficient (at P < 0.05, confidence interval = 95%).
Results
Skeletal age showed a significant difference between the group with severe vitamin D deficiency and the control group (P = 0.01); however, such difference was not observed between the group with moderate vitamin D deficiency and the control group (P = 0.12). Dental age was not significantly different between the groups with vitamin D deficiency and the control group (P = 0.26 for severe, and P = 0.39 for moderate deficiency).
Conclusions
Delayed skeletal maturation was observed in adolescents with severe vitamin D deficiency; However, dental development was not affected by this deficiency. Vitamin D status should be considered in decision-making for the initiation of growth modification orthodontic treatments.
WITHDRAWN: Comprehensive analyses of fatty acid metabolism-related lncRNA for ovarian cancer patients
Authors: Wang Yingmei , Li Min , Yan Ye , Liu Yanyan , Liu Jianzhen , Guo Fei , Chen Jianqin , Nie Lifang , Zhang Yong
Published: April 2022

Ovarian cancer (OC), as a disease with difficult early diagnosis and treatment and poor prognosis, is a hot spot in global cancer research. Recent studies have revealed the metabolic reprogramming of tumor cells and the important regulatory role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in tumor progression, which may expand new directions for the treatment of OC. In this study, OC data profiles were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Eight key fatty acid metabolism-related lncRNAs were finally screened for building a risk scoring model by univariate/ multifactor and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression. To make this risk scoring model more applicable to clinical work, we established a nomogram containing the clinical characteristics of OC patients after confirming that the model has good reliability and validity and the ability to distinguish patient prognosis. To further explore how these key lncRNAs are involved in OC progression, we explored their relationship with LUAD immune signatures and tumor drug resistance. Finally, to elucidate the roles of these lncRNAs at the molecular level, functional enrichment analysis was also performed. The structure shows that the risk scoring model established based on these 8 fatty acid metabolism-related lncRNAs has good reliability and validity and can better predict the prognosis of patients with different risks of OC, and LINC00861in these key RNAs may be a hub gene that affects the progression of OC and closely related to the sensitivity of current OC chemotherapy drugs. In addition, combined with immune signature analysis, we found that patients in the high-risk group are in a state of immunosuppression, and Tfh cells may play an important role in it, which may become an important site for future OC immunotherapy. In conclusion, we innovatively established a prognostic prediction model with excellent reliability and validity from the perspective of OC fatty acid metabolism reprogramming and lncRNA regulation and found new molecular/cellular targets for future OC treatment.
In vitro evaluation of selective cytotoxic activity of Chaerophyllum macropodum Boiss. on cultured human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells
Authors: ÇELİKEZEN Fatih , TÜRKEZ Hasan , FIRAT Mehmet , ARSLAN Mehmet Enes , Öner Sena
Published: April 2022

Neuroblastoma is the most common solid tumor in children. New treatment approaches are needed because of the harmful side effects and costs of the methods used in the treatment of neuroblastoma. Medicinal and aromatic plants are important for new treatment approaches due to their minimal side effects and economic advantages. Therefore, the present study was carried out to examine the cytotoxic effect of Chaerophyllum macropodum extract on human neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) and fibroblast (HDFa) cell lines. 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazole-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and Lactate dehydrogenase release (LDH) assays were used to determine the cytotoxic effect of Chaerophyllum macropodum. The results revealed that Chaerophyllum macropodum had a significant cytotoxic effect on neuroblast cells at all concentrations used (p < 0.05). But it did not show any effect on human fibroblasts. As a result, the obtained data clearly showed that Chaerophyllum macropodum exerts a selective effect on neuroblastoma cells for the first time.
Association of growth with neurodevelopment in extremely low gestational age infants: a population-based analysis.
Authors: Gerull Roland , Huber Eva , Rousson Valentin , Ahrens Olaf , Fumeaux Celine Julie Fischer , Adams Mark , Tolsa Cristina Borradori , Neumann Roland , Bickle-Graz myriam , Natalucci Giancarlo
Published: April 2022

Purpose: To assess the association between postnatal growth and neurodevelopment at the age of two years in extremely low gestational age newborns (ELGAN, <28 weeks’ gestation).Methods: Retrospective population-based cohort study including all live born ELGAN in 2006-2012 in Switzerland. Growth parameters (weight, length, head circumference, body mass index) were assessed at birth, at hospital discharge home, and two year follow-up (FU2). Unadjusted and adjusted regression models assessed associations between growth (birth to hospital discharge and birth to FU2) and neurodevelopment at FU2. Results: 1244 infants (mean GA 26.5±1.0 weeks, birth weight 853±189g) survived to hospital discharge and were included in the analyses. FU2 was documented for 1049 (84.3%) infants. The mean (±SD) mental and a psychomotor development index at 2FU were 88.9 (±18.0) and 86.9 (± 17.7), respectively. Moderate or severe neurodevelopmental impairment was documented in 23.2% of patients. Changes of z-scores between birth and discharge and between birth and FU2 for weight were -1.06 (±0.85) and -0.140 (±1.15), for length -1.36 (±1.34) and -0.40 (±1.33), for head circumference -0.61 (±1.04) and -0.76 (±1.32) as well as for BMI 0.22 (±3.36) and -0.006 (±1.45). Unadjusted and adjusted analyses showed that none of the four growth parameters was significantly associated with any of the three outcome parameters of neurodevelopment. This was consistent for both time intervals.Conclusion: In the present population-based cohort of ELGAN, neither growth between birth and hospital discharge nor between birth and FU2 were significantly associated with neurodevelopment at age of two years.
Is Coracoid Fracture With AC Dislocation An Unusual Case?
Authors: (MS MRCS) *Dr. Dheeraj Makkar
Published: April 2022

The coracoid process is the hook-shaped anterior process of the scapula, which runs cranially to the scapula and then to the anterolateral side. Its size, shape, and orientation vary from person to person. Coracoid fractures are rare. They can be missed on routine X-rays due to their anatomy. We present a rare case of fracture of the coracoid process and conservatively managed acromioclavicular joint dislocation. A 46-year-old day laborer presented to our emergency department with pain in his left shoulder and restricted movement following the traffic collision. The radiograph of the left shoulder demonstrated just AC joint dislocation. We ordered a CT scan of the shoulder based on the findings of the physical exam and a suspicious-looking X-ray. The CT scan revealed a minimally displaced coracoid fracture. Despite the concomitant dislocation, we managed the patient conservatively. After six weeks, the fracture had healed completely. The patient had a satisfactory outcome following rigorous physical therapy. Coracoid fractures are often overlooked due to their anatomical structure. We recommend specific shoulder x-ray views such as the scapula Y or axillary view to rule out a coracoid fracture. CT scan is considered to be the gold standard for diagnosis. Fractures can be treated conservatively or surgically, depending on the indication.
A life circle of the COVID-19 progression in a given region
Authors: Romanovski Mikhail
Published: April 2022

The Verhulst equation with variable parameters is applied to identify the features of disease spread within the framework of the general balance ‘expended-reached’ factors. The mathematical model of this balance facilitates revealing the growth features that cannot be identified by the SIR-like models. The proposed approach reconstructs actual object behaviour without any additional information on its features. Postulating the functional properties of the required values is not performed. The observations are processed under the condition that the reconstruction should ensure the small residual between the sample and the model-calculated state function.