bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Television and/as testimony in the Jimmy Savile case
Authors: Boyle Karen
Published: December 2018

In October 2012, TV presenter Jimmy Savile was identified as a sexual predator in an ITV documentary, Exposure. Focusing on documentaries dealing with the case, this article explores the interrogation and recalibration of the television archive. Paying attention both to the use of archival footage of Savile, and televisual testimony of victim/survivors, I argue that the Savile documentaries present an unusual space where victim/survivor testimony is accumulated and ultimately privileged. In light of the 2017 sexual abuse allegations in the film industry, the Savile case offers useful lessons in representing the aftermath of abuse in and on the television screen.
Improving health literacy and medication compliance through comic books: a quasi-experimental study of Chinese community-dwelling older adults
Authors: Leung Angela Y. M. , Leung Isaac S. H. , Liu Justina Y. W. , Ting Sylvia , Lo Selina
Published: December 2018

Background:

This study aims to investigate the effect of two interventions (verbal advice and comic books) on health literacy and medication compliance among older adults living in 15 public estates in Hong Kong.

Methods:

This is a two-phase multi-site quasi-experimental study with a pre-and-post design with four measurement points (T1–T4). In both phases, the two interventions were conducted by trained medical/nursing/pharmacy students. Two home visits were carried out in each phase. After the baseline measurement at Time 1 (T1), students verbally advised the older adult participants on how to read, understand, and interpret information on drug labels and how to store drugs properly. A post-assessment was conducted at T2. One year later, another pre-assessment was conducted at T3, and then students used a comic book to educate the older adults. A post-assessment was carried out at T4 after the use of the comic book. Health literacy was measured using the 24-item Chinese Health Literacy Scale for Chronic Care and medication compliance was measured using the Medication Compliance, Knowledge and Storage scale. Generalised Linear Mixed Models were used.

Results:

A total of 165 subjects were included. The majority (60.6%) were female, aged from 67 to 96. About half (47.3%) had received no formal education. Controlling for age and cognition, there was a significant increase in health literacy after the use of the comic book (coefficient = 2.742, p = 0.001). There was also a significant improvement in medication compliance (total score) (coefficient = −1.018, p < 0.001), reduced knowledge deficiency (coefficient = −0.236, p < 0.05), and reduced storage problems (coefficient = −0.293, p = 0.001) after using comic books.

Conclusion:

Comic books are a good strategy to improve the health literacy level and medication compliance of community-dwelling older adults.
IUHPE Position Statement on Health Literacy: a practical vision for a health literate world
Authors: Bröder Janine , Chang Peter , Kickbusch Ilona , Levin-Zamir Diane , McElhinney Evelyn , Nutbeam Don , Okan Orkan , Osborne Richard , Pelikan Jürgen , Rootman Irving , Rowlands Gillian , Nunes-Saboga Luis , Simmons Robert , Sørensen Kristine , Van den Broucke Stephan , Velardo Stefania , Wills Jane
Published: December 2018

The International Union for Health Promotion and Education (IUHPE) Position Statement on Health Literacy provides an overview of existing evidence and continuing debate on health literacy. Developed by the IUHPE Global Working Group on Health Literacy, including experts from around the globe, the Statement provides a basis for discussion and advocacy, by and with IUHPE, both within the health promotion community, and among stakeholders and partners in health promotion. The Statement offers a detailed introduction to the concept of health literacy, calling for global action to improve health literacy in populations. It positions health literacy as an important and modifiable social determinant of health, that plays a significant role in broadly-based strategies for health promotion. The Statement emphasises the necessity of a systems approach to health literacy, underpinned by global, national, regional and local policies. It summarises key evidence to guide practice and policy development, recognising the importance of continued investment in intervention research, in professional and consumer capacity building, and in the transfer of research findings into frontline health promotion practice. In summary, health literacy is understood as an important cross-cutting issue in health promotion throughout the lifespan, which has practical application in guiding clinical practice, public health interventions and public policy for the advancement of global health.
Managing advanced HR-positive, HER2-negative breast cancer with CDK4/6 inhibitors in post-menopausal patients: is there a best sequence?
Authors: Rossi Lorenzo , McCartney Amelia , Risi Emanuela , Malorni Luca , Biganzoli Laura , Di Leo Angelo
Published: December 2018

The current therapeutic landscape of luminal human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative metastatic breast cancer (mBC) is fundamentally evolving, particularly in the advent of molecularly targeted therapies, such as inhibitors of mammalian target of rapamycin and cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 (CDK4/6). In the context of CDK4/6 inhibitors, landmark clinical trials for palbociclib (PALOMA-1, PALOMA-2, PALOMA-3), ribociclib (MONALEESA-2, MONALEESA-3, MONALEESA-7) and abemaciclib (MONARCH-1, MONARCH-2, MONARCH-3) have provided solid data regarding progression-free survival and overall response rate, justifying the introduction of this class of drugs into our therapeutic armoury. However, several clinical questions remain open. One of the most relevant issues faced in practice is that of the optimum sequencing of CDK4/6 inhibitors, particularly given the wide range of therapeutic options open to clinicians treating luminal mBC. In this brief commentary, we would like to focus on the best sequence for CDK4/6 inhibitors and their place in this growing, complex scenario.
Atypical presentation of adenosquamous carcinoma: A case report
Authors: Genois Annie , Maari Catherine , Bouffard Danielle
Published: December 2018

Cutaneous adenosquamous carcinoma is a rare malignant neoplasm that is more aggressive than conventional squamous cell carcinoma. The typical clinical presentation is an indurated papule or plaque on the head and neck of elderly patients. The authors report the case of a 52-year-old man with a right scrotal and inguinal tumour measuring 10 cm × 15 cm that had progressed over the past 2 years. The histological examination was compatible with adenosquamous carcinoma. Metastatic inguinal and pelvic lymph nodes were identified. This case demonstrates an atypical presentation of a rare tumour. Adenosquamous carcinoma is more aggressive than conventional squamous cell carcinoma, and prompt diagnosis is important.
Warthin tumor of the oropharyngeal minor salivary gland
Authors: Diaz-Segarra Nicole , Young Lauren K , Levin Kristin , Rafferty William , Brody Joshua , Koshkareva Yekaterina
Published: December 2018

Warthin tumor is the second most common benign salivary gland tumor that classically arises in the parotid gland. It can be synchronous, metachronous, multifocal, bilateral, or unilateral, which complicates diagnosis and management. Rare cases of Warthin tumor of the minor salivary gland are described, but no cases of unilateral, synchronous Warthin tumor involving the parotid and minor salivary gland have been reported. We present a case of Warthin tumor arising from a minor salivary gland in the left oropharynx of a 71-year-old male with a previous history of left parotid Warthin tumor, later determined to be synchronous.
Monitoring cognitive change in multiple sclerosis using a computerized cognitive battery
Authors: De Meijer L , Merlo D , Skibina O , Grobbee EJ , Gale J , Haartsen J , Maruff P , Darby D , Butzkueven* H , Van der Walt A
Published: December 2018

Background

Cognitive monitoring that can detect short-term change in multiple sclerosis is challenging. Computerized cognitive batteries such as the CogState Brief Battery can rapidly assess commonly affected cognitive domains.

Objectives

The purpose of this study was to establish the acceptability and sensitivity of the CogState Brief Battery in multiple sclerosis patients compared to controls. We compared the sensitivity of the CogState Brief Battery to that of the Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test over 12 months.

Methods

Demographics, Expanded Disability Status Scale scores, depression and anxiety scores were compared with CogState Brief Battery and Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test performances of 51 patients with relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis, 19 with secondary progressive multiple sclerosis and 40 healthy controls. Longitudinal data in 37 relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis patients were evaluated using linear mixed models.

Results

Both the CogState Brief Battery and the Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test discriminated between multiple sclerosis and healthy controls at baseline ( p<0.001). CogState Brief Battery tasks were more acceptable and caused less anxiety than the Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test ( p<0.001). In relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis patients, reaction time slowed over 12 months ( p<0.001) for the CogState Brief Battery Detection (mean change –34.23 ms) and Identification (–25.31 ms) tasks. Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test scores did not change over this time.

Conclusions

The CogState Brief Battery is highly acceptable and better able to detect cognitive change than the Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test. The CogState Brief Battery could potentially be used as a practical cognitive monitoring tool in the multiple sclerosis clinic setting.
Apocynin promotes neural function recovery and suppresses neuronal apoptosis by inhibiting Tlr4/NF-κB signaling pathway in a rat model of cerebral infarction
Authors: Pan Lemen , Qian Shuxia
Published: December 2018

Occlusion of arteries in the brain is a common cause of cerebral infarction which induces inflammatory response and oxidative stress resulting in neuronal apoptosis and disruption of neurological function. The present study investigated the protective roles of an nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase inhibitor, apocynin, against cerebral infarction. Rat went through a surgery of middle cerebral artery occlusion and a subset of rats was treated with apocynin by intraperitoneal injection. The volume of cerebral infarction and water content were measured. Neuronal apoptosis, inflammatory response, and oxidative stress were assessed following middle cerebral artery occlusion and apocynin treatment. We found that apocynin significantly improved neurological function, increased forelimb placement test scores, and suppressed balance beam walk latency in rats with cerebral infarction. Histological and biochemistry analysis revealed that apocynin lead to a significant reduction in the volume of cerebral infarction as well as cerebral water content, suppressed neuronal apoptosis, oxidative stress, and inflammatory response induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion. Finally, we found that apocynin suppressed Tlr4/nuclear factor-k-gene binding signaling pathway that was upregulated in rats with cerebral infarction. Our results indicate that apocynin may represent a potent therapeutic strategy in alleviating neurological dysfunctions in patients with cerebral infarction.
Reverse digital artery cross-finger flap for reconstruction of failed finger replantation
Authors: Kim Dong Hee , Seo Kyu Bum , Lee Sang Hyun , Lee Hee-Jin , Kang Hong Je
Published: December 2018

Purpose:

This study aimed to describe the reverse digital artery cross-finger flap (RDAC flap) in the treatment of failed finger replantation.

Methods:

This study retrospectively reviewed the records of patients who underwent modified RDAC flap reconstructions for failed finger replantation and assessed their outcomes. Of the patients who underwent soft tissue reconstructions for finger injuries between March 2011 and February 2015, we enrolled 11 patients in whom RDAC flap reconstruction procedures were performed to treat the failed replantations.

Results:

The flaps survived in all cases, with a mean static, two-point discrimination value of 5.3 mm (range, 4–7 mm) in the healed flaps. The sizes of the flaps ranged from 2 × 1 cm2 to 2.3 × 1.5 cm2.

Conclusion:

The RDAC flap was introduced by Lai et al., and it is a mixed form with the advantages of both cross-finger flap and heterodigital island flap. Our results suggest that it could provide reliable coverage of the sensate soft tissue of fingers with failed replantation.
Attenuation of Positive Valence in Ratings of Affective Sounds by Tinnitus Patients
Authors: Szibor Annett , Lehtimäki Jarmo , Ylikoski Jukka , Aarnisalo Antti A. , Mäkitie Antti , Hyvärinen Petteri
Published: December 2018

Affective processing appears to be altered in tinnitus, and the condition is to a large extent characterized by the emotional reaction to the phantom sound. Psychophysiological models of tinnitus and supporting brain imaging studies have suggested a role for the limbic system in the emergence and maintenance of tinnitus. It is not clear whether the tinnitus-related changes in these systems are specific for tinnitus only, or whether they affect emotional processing more generally. In this study, we aimed to quantify possible deviations in affective processing in tinnitus patients by behavioral and physiological measures. Tinnitus patients rated the valence and arousal of sounds from the International Affective Digitized Sounds database. Sounds were chosen based on the normative valence ratings, that is, negative, neutral, or positive. The individual autonomic response was measured simultaneously with pupillometry. We found that the subjective ratings of the sounds by tinnitus patients differed significantly from the normative ratings. The difference was most pronounced for positive sounds, where sounds were rated lower on both valence and arousal scales. Negative and neutral sounds were rated differently only for arousal. Pupil measurements paralleled the behavioral results, showing a dampened response to positive sounds. Taken together, our findings suggest that affective processing is altered in tinnitus patients. The results are in line with earlier studies in depressed patients, which have provided evidence in favor of the so-called positive attenuation hypothesis of depression. Thus, the current results highlight the close link between tinnitus and depression.
The Giant Geriatric Syndromes Are Intensified by Diabetic Complications
Authors: Lewandowicz Andrzej , Skowronek Paweł , Maksymiuk-Kłos Agnieszka , Piątkiewicz Paweł
Published: December 2018

By 2015, diabetes has affected more than 415 million people over the world. It is anticipated that 640 million adults will suffer from diabetes in 2040. The elongation of the life expectancy, as the result of better general health care, extends also the time when diabetic complications may develop together with other senility-specific problems. The Giant Geriatric Syndromes (Geriatric Giants) have been qualified by the original Nascher’s criteria defined more than 100 years ago, but they are becoming more and more relevant in connection with the aging of societies. The criteria comprise the older age, commonness of the health problem, multifactorial etiology, functional or cognitive impairment, worsened outcome, and increased morbidity and mortality. We described the impact of diabetes on Geriatric Giants including cognitive dysfunction, depression, malnutrition, incontinence, falls and fractures, chronic pain, and the loss of senses. The association of diabetes with Geriatric Giants reveals as a vicious circle with the background of neurovascular complications. However, diabetes influence on the incidence of cancer in elderly was also discussed, since neoplastic diseases associate with Geriatric Giants, for example, chronic pain and depression. The knowledge about these aspects of functional decline in geriatric population is crucial to improve patient care.
Dynamins 2 and 3 control the migration of human megakaryocytes by regulating CXCR4 surface expression and ITGB1 activity
Authors: Suraneni Praveen K. , Corey Seth J. , Hession Michael J. , Ishaq Rameez , Awomolo Arinola , Hasan Shirin , Shah Chirag , Liu Hui , Wickrema Amittha , Debili Najet , Crispino John D. , Eklund Elizabeth A. , Chen Yolande
Published: December 2018

Megakaryocyte (MK) migration from the bone marrow periosteal niche toward the vascular niche is a prerequisite for proplatelet extension and release into the circulation. The mechanism for this highly coordinated process is poorly understood. Here we show that dynasore (DNSR), a small-molecule inhibitor of dynamins (DNMs), or short hairpin RNA knockdown of DNM2 and DNM3 impairs directional migration in a human MK cell line or MKs derived from cultured CD34+ cells. Because cell migration requires actin cytoskeletal rearrangements, we measured actin polymerization and the activity of cytoskeleton regulator RhoA and found them to be decreased after inhibition of DNM2 and DNM3. Because SDF-1α is important for hematopoiesis, we studied the expression of its receptor CXCR4 in DNSR-treated cells. CXCR4 expression on the cell surface was increased, at least partially because of slower endocytosis and internalization after SDF-1α treatment. Combined inhibition of DNM2 and DNM3 or forced expression of dominant-negative Dnm2-K44A or GTPase-defective DNM3 diminished β1 integrin (ITGB1) activity. DNSR-treated MKs showed an abnormally clustered staining pattern of Rab11, a marker of recycling endosomes. This suggests decreased recruitment of the recycling pathway in DNSR-treated cells. Altogether, we show that the GTPase activity of DNMs, which governs endocytosis and regulates cell receptor trafficking, exerts control on MK migration toward SDF-1α gradients, such as those originating from the vascular niche. DNMs play a critical role in MKs by triggering membrane-cytoskeleton rearrangements downstream of CXCR4 and integrins.
Foot and ankle characteristics and dynamic knee valgus in individuals with patellofemoral osteoarthritis
Authors: Wyndow Narelle , Collins Natalie J. , Vicenzino Bill , Tucker Kylie , Crossley Kay M.
Published: December 2018

Study design

Controlled laboratory study; cross‐sectional design.

Background

Foot and ankle characteristics and dynamic knee valgus differ in people with and without patellofemoral (PF) pain. However, it is unknown if these characteristics are evident in people with PF osteoarthritis (OA), compared to pain‐free older adults.

Objectives

To compare foot and ankle mobility, foot posture and dynamic knee valgus, measured as the frontal plane projection angle (FPPA) during single‐leg squatting, between individuals with and without PFOA.

Methods

Fifty‐one participants with PFOA (66% women, mean ± SD age 57 ± 10 years, body mass index (BMI) 27 ± 6 kg/m2), and 23 controls (56% women, age 56 ± 9 years, BMI 24 ± 4 kg/m2) had ankle dorsiflexion measured using the knee‐to‐wall test, foot mobility calculated as the difference in midfoot height or width between non‐weightbearing and weightbearing, and static foot posture characterized utilizing the Foot Posture Index. Peak FPPA was determined from video recordings while participants performed 5 single‐leg squats. Linear regressions examined between‐groups relationships for foot and ankle characteristics and the FPPA.

Results

The PFOA group had less ankle dorsiflexion (odds ratio 6.7, 95% confidence interval 2.46–18.2), greater midfoot height mobility (5.2, 1.78–15.14) and width mobility (4.3, 1.33–14.39), and greater foot mobility magnitude (8.4, 2.32–30.69) than controls. There was no difference in FPPA (knee valgus angle) between groups (15, 0.63–377.99).

Conclusion

Foot and ankle characteristics were different in individuals with PFOA compared to control participants, however there was no difference in dynamic knee valgus during single leg squat. Clinical interventions to address greater foot mobility may be relevant for PFOA.
New roles of NO TRANSMITTING TRACT and SEEDSTICK during medial domain development in Arabidopsis fruits
Authors: Herrera-Ubaldo Humberto , Lozano-Sotomayor Paulina , Ezquer Ignacio , Di Marzo Maurizio , Chávez Montes Ricardo Aarón , Gómez-Felipe Andrea , Pablo-Villa Jeanneth , Diaz-Ramirez David , Ballester Patricia , Ferrándiz Cristina , Sagasser Martin , Colombo Lucia , Marsch-Martínez Nayelli , de Folter Stefan
Published: December 2018

The gynoecium, the female reproductive part of the flower, is key for plant sexual reproduction. During its development, inner tissues such as the septum and the transmitting tract tissue, important for pollen germination and guidance, are formed. In Arabidopsis, several transcription factors are known to be involved in the development of these tissues. One of them is NO TRANSMITTING TRACT (NTT), essential for transmitting tract formation. We found that the NTT protein can interact with several gynoecium-related transcription factors, including several MADS-box proteins like SEEDSTICK (STK), known to specify ovule identity. Evidence suggests that NTT and STK control enzyme and transporter-encoding genes involved in cell wall polysaccharide and lipid distribution in gynoecial medial domain cells. The results indicate that the simultaneous loss of NTT and STK activity affects polysaccharide and lipid deposition, septum fusion, and delays entry of septum cells to their normal degradation program. Furthermore, we identified KAWAK, a direct target of NTT and STK, which is required for the correct formation of fruits in Arabidopsis. These findings position NTT and STK as important factors in determining reproductive competence.
Legal basis of the Russian revolutionary reforms of 1917
Authors: Пашенцев Дмитрий , Pashentsev Dmitriy , Боголюбов Сергей , Bogolyubov Syergyey , Алексеева Лариса , Alekseeva Larisa , Головина Анна , Golovina Anna , Дорская Александра , Dorskaya Aleksandra , Звонарев Андрей , Zvonarev Andrey , Пахарева Галина , Pahareva Galina , Соколов Александр , Sokolov Aleksandr , Чернявский Александр , CHyernyavskiy Alyeksandr , Широкорад Ирина , Shirokorad Irina
Published: December 2018

The monograph deals with legislation related to the Russian revolutionary transformation of 1917, the events of 1917 are analyzed from the point of view of theory of state and law. The main attention is paid to such aspects, which, on the one hand, seem important and relevant in the context of modern state-legal development, on the other hand, are still insufficiently investigated.
For students and teachers, as well as all those interested in this issue.
Online First-Order Framework for Robust Convex Optimization
Authors: Ho-Nguyen Nam , Kılınç-Karzan Fatma
Published: December 2018

Robust optimization (RO) is a technique to tractably model uncertain parameters in optimization problems. More recently, it has attracted interest in applications from machine learning and statistics. These recent applications present algorithmic challenges in which the scalability of RO algorithms with problem dimension becomes crucial. The traditional solution method for RO is to transform it into an equivalent—yet more complex—deterministic problem. The alternate solution technique is to iteratively solve sequences of the underlying deterministic model with different values of the uncertain parameters. However, such iterative approaches have been rather prohibitive in practice, especially when solving even the underlying deterministic model is expensive. In “Online First-Order Framework for Robust Convex Optimization,” by analyzing the structure of an underlying convex–nonconcave saddle point problem, N. Ho-Nguyen and F. Kılınç-Karzan develop an iterative framework for RO in which the cost of each iteration can be remarkably reduced. In particular, they show that, without scarifying from the guarantees on the number of iterations needed, it is possible to use cheap first-order updates instead of deterministic optimization solvers in each iteration.
DE BONECOS E HOMENS
Authors: Colaço Raul Da Rocha , De Andrade Brenda Carlos
Published: December 2018

Este trabalho consiste numa análise do conto “Teatro de bonecos”, presente na obra Os lados do círculo (2004), do autor contemporâneo Amilcar Bettega Barbosa (nascido em São Gabriel - RS, 1964), cuja fábula se volta para um homem que decide viver afastado da sociedade junto a outros dois personagens de natureza nebulosa. É através dessa convivência incomum que irrompem no leitor as dúvidas sobre a sanidade do narrador autodiegético e sobre a possível sobrenaturalidade desses dois moradores. Diante desse quadro, busca-se apreciar os elementos que sustentam a categoria estética do fantástico por meio do aporte teórico de Remo Ceserani (2006), de Tzvetan Todorov (2010), de David Roas (2014) e de Rosalba Campra (2016). Como resultado, aponta-se que a narrativa examinada se encarrega, com bastante precisão, de revelar ao homem tudo aquilo que deseja esquecer: seus limites e sua finitude.
CULTURA E POLÍTICA NOS ANOS 2010: ANSEIOS E IMPASSES NA FICÇÃO CIENTÍFICA DE ALINE VALEK E LADY SYBYLLA
Authors: Rüsche Ana , Furlanetto Elton Luiz Aliandro
Published: December 2018

O romance As águas-vivas não sabem de si de Aline Valek (2016) e a novela Deixe as estrelas falarem de Lady Sybylla (2017) traduzem os anseios dos ideários culturais e políticos no Brasil contemporâneo. Neste artigo, discute-se o gênero literário "ficção científica", por intermédio do insólito ficcional, apresentando-se o contexto histórico nacional e internacional dos anos 2010 e analisando-se as formas literárias nos textos tendo em vista a metodologia desenvolvida pela crítica materialista e observando-se as teorias feministas e estudos de gênero no século XXI.
ENTREVISTA COM ALEXANDER MEIRELES DA SILVA: ENTRE A UNIVERSIDADE, O MERCADO E O YOUTUBE
Authors: Tavares Enéias
Published: December 2018

RECEBIDO EM 18 OUT 2018APROVADO EM 28 OUT 2018
The challenge of differentiating vaso-occlusive crises from osteomyelitis in children with sickle cell disease and bone pain: A 15-year retrospective review
Authors: Fontalis A. , Hughes K. , Nguyen M. P. , Williamson M. , Yeo A. , Lui D. , Gelfer Y.
Published: December 2018

Purpose

The paediatric sickle cell disease (SCD) osteomyelitis (OM) incidence is 0.3% to 12%. Differentiating vaso-occlusive crises (VOC) from OM is a diagnostic challenge, with limited evidence guiding management. We present a 15-year review of a paediatric sickle cell cohort. We aim to identify OM incidence and provide a management protocol for these children presenting with bone pain.

Methods

A prospective database of children with haemoglobinopathies (2002 to 2017) was analyzed for temperature, C-reactive protein (CRP) and white cell count (WCC) on admission as well as imaging, treatment and cultures. OM diagnosis was supported by imaging and blood cultures. VOC was defined as bone pain that improved without antibiotics.

Results

Over 15 years, 96 children with SCD presented 358 times to hospital. Empirical antibiotics were given in 308 presentations. There were five cases of OM (1.4%); two acute and three chronic. In all, 50 presentations of VOC were identified. No significant differences in age were noted between the OM and VOC group. Temperature and CRP were significantly elevated in the OM group with no significant difference in WCC. Cultures were only positive in the chronic OM admissions. There were no cases of septic arthritis. No surgical intervention was required.

Conclusion

In children with SCD presenting with persistent bone pain, fever, elevated CRP and WCC, OM should be suspected and prompt antibiotic treatment started. Our treatment pathway was successful avoiding OM in 98.6% and septic arthritis in 100%. Further research on novel biological markers distinguishing OM from VOC should be investigated.

Level of Evidence

III
Shift working reduces operative experience for trauma and orthopaedic higher surgical trainees: a UK multicentre study
Authors: Sevenoaks H , Ajwani S , Hujazi I , Sergeant J , Woodruff M , Barrie J , Mehta J
Published: December 2018

Introduction

In recent years there has been a rise in the number of trauma and orthopaedics trainees working on full shift patterns. Historically, most trauma and orthopaedics trainees worked 24 hours non-resident on-call shifts. The effect of this change in shift patterns has not previously been measured. As two trusts (one trauma unit, one major trauma centre) in our region underwent a change to full shift working, we assessed the impact on the trainees’ operating experience.

Methods

Fifty-five logbooks were analysed across the two trusts over a two-year period, with comparisons made between pre- and post-shift working.

Results

Overall operating fell by 13% for trainees working full shift patterns, which was statistically significant. There was a loss of elective operating of 15% at the trauma unit and 32% at the major trauma centre for trainees doing shift work. The effect on trauma operating opportunities was mixed. Index operating was largely preserved.

Conclusions

Shift working significantly impacts on surgical training opportunities. We explore approaches to minimising this effect.
A Tool for Assisted Correction of Programming Exercises in Java Based in Computational Reflection
Authors: Santos Francisco Alan De Oliveira
Published: December 2018

INTRODUCTION: This work reports on the creation and use of a tool to verify compliance in java programming exercises. The solution is based on the hypothesis that computational reflection can provide a way to automatically assess the programing competences of students. The work reflects the concern to make students learning a programming language have practical activities in parallel to what they learn in theoretical classes. OBJECTIVE: Attesting the effectiveness of using computational reflection to automatically correct programming exercises. Provide the teacher with a tool to support the follow-up of practical activities. Provide students with immediate feedback on their learning, so as to encourage them to behave more autonomously. METHOD: A case study was carried out with two classes of a computer sciencecourse. They answered five practical programming exercices and their responses for each activity were collected in source code format, which were used as the basis of solutions, totaling 100 responses.A comparative analysis was made between the notes obtained through CodeTeacher and the notes assigned by a group of  teachers. RESULTS: Comparing the expected notes and the actual notes, the automatic correction obtained an accuracy of 90.17%. CONCLUSION: The use of computational reflection techniques for assisted correction in programming classes can bring beneficial result. Teachers can optimize their work and have performance reports of their students. Students can also be benefited by having an immediate feedback, so they can perceive themselves capable of achieving the learning objectives defined by the teacher.
"Sztálinista szélsőjobb"
Authors: Veszprémy László
Published: December 2018

This study deals with the worldview, military activity and foreign policy of Lohamey Herut Yisrael (LEHI), one of the right-wing pre-state Zionist militias between 1940 and 1948. The study is based on foreign archival material in order to present the worldview of Lehi founder Avraham (Yair) Stern, his ideology and activities, and compares it with those of his successors after his 1942 murder. The study aims to answer some debated aspects of LEHI’s activities, such as their search for an alliance with the Axis powers, their policy towards the Arabs and their later pro-Soviet stance. This study lists for the first time the currently known LEHI members of Hungarian–Jewish ancestry.
"Látszódik azokon a gyerekeken..."
Authors: Ponyi László
Published: December 2018

This paper is based on the empirical part of our PhD. dissertation (PONYI 2017). During the qualitative research, we examined 32 Roma community houses in the North Hungary region in 2015–2016. As a research tool, we have basically chosen a questionnaire and an interview method, which we took primarily with the leaders of the community houses and with the visitors. In our research, we primarily examined the activities, organization and funding of the community houses. In our paper, we mainly focus on the activities of the Roma scene and its educational activities with the aim of promoting and helping social integration and the process of social inclusion.
Genetic polymorphism of Pit-1|HinfI gene in Grati-Ongole Grade cattle at Indonesian Beef Cattle Research Station
Authors: Hartati H. , Anwar S. , Soewandi B.D.P.
Published: December 2018

The pituitary transcription factor (Pit-1) gene is one of the considered genes that responsible to growth in cattle. A specific Pit-1|HinfI gene polymorphism located within exon 6(g.1256G>A) has been shown to be associated with growth and milk traits in cattle. This study aimed to identify the Pit-1|Hinf1 gene polymorphism in Grati-Ongole Grade cattle (Grati-OG cattle). A total of 107 genomic DNA of Grati-OG cattle were used in this study. The detection of polymorphism was performed by PCR-RFLP method. Only AB and BB genotypes were succesfully identified with the frequency of 0.009 and 0.991, respectively. Whereas, the frequency of A and B alleles were 0.005 and 0.995, respectively. The observed genotype frequencies in this population do not deviated from HWE. The value of Ho, He and PIC were 0.009, 0.009 and 0.009, respectively.In conclusion, the Pit-1|HinfI gene polymorphism in Grati-OG cattle is monomorphic and hence it should not be used in further association studies.
The Brexit hypothesis and prehistory
Authors: Brophy Kenneth
Published: December 2018

Archaeologists have more opportunities than ever to disseminate their research widely—and the public more opportunities to engage and respond. This has led to the increasing mobilisation of archaeological data and interpretations within the discourses of nationalism and identity politics. This debate piece introduces the Brexit hypothesis, the proposition that any archaeological discovery in Europe can—and probably will—be exploited to argue in support of, or against, Brexit. Examples demonstrate how archaeological and ancient DNA studies are appropriated for political ends, and a series of recommendations and strategies for combatting such exploitation are proposed by the author.
Documentation and Digital Preservation of Syrian Heritage
Authors: Pütt Karin
Published: December 2018

Since 2013, the Museum of Islamic Art in Berlin and the German Archeological Institute (DAI) have hosted a digital archive documenting Syrian heritage and built environment. This project was developed in the face of a war that would destroy places of cultural heritage on a large scale. The archive consists of photos, plans, and documents and includes more than 200,000 items. For long-term storage and attainability they are integrated into the digital world of the DAI. In order to raise awareness and to present the data to a wider audience, selected photos and drawings are bundled into stories on a new website with text in English, Arabic, and German. The project exhibits Syrian cultural heritage in both its tangible and nontangible aspects.
Las universidades españolas en los rankings internacionales. Logros, carencias y desafíos
Authors: Blanco Sánchez Tania
Published: December 2018

El fin de este artículo es dar cuenta de la posición que ocupan las universidades de España los rankings internacionales analizando su contexto. El trabajo realiza en primer lugar una la revisión de los cambios más recientes y de las características de las universidades españolas. Esto nos permiten visualizar el contexto en el que se encuentra el sistema universitario español. A continuación se describen los rankings internacionales más importantes del mundo. En último lugar, se analizan e interpretan los datos aportados reflexionando sobre el porqué de esta situación. Dichas reflexiones son claves para que las universidades puedan obtener una mejor posición en los rankings internacionales en los años venideros.
El buen uso de las TIC en los planes docentes de enseñanza jurídica: reflexión en torno a la protección de los derechos personalísimos del alumno
Authors: Alonso García María Nieves , Carrizo Aguado David
Published: December 2018

En los últimos años los avances tecnológicos han abierto la posibilidad de que la práctica y planificación docente se ejercite a través de herramientas digitales. Las TIC se convierten en un instrumento encaminado a fortalecer la relación entre profesor/alumno y a facilitar la participación, deliberación y colaboración entre los mismos. Este sistema de enseñanza tecnocrático entra en colisión con el derecho a la protección de datos de carácter personal constitucionalmente reconocido y cuyo amparo se ha visto reforzado con la entrada en vigor del Reglamento (UE) 2016/679 del Parlamento Europeo y del Consejo de 27 de abril de 2016, relativo a la protección de las personas físicas en lo que respecta al tratamiento de datos personales y a la libre circulación de estos datos.
El Instituto-Escuela de Sevilla (1932-1936): un proyecto inconcluso de renovación pedagógica en España
Authors: Delgado Granados Patricia
Published: December 2018

Este artículo aborda la labor pedagógica del Instituto-Escuela (I-E) de Sevilla en el periodo comprendido entre 1932 a 1936. Una iniciativa privada llevada a cabo durante la Segunda República que surge en medio del interés social suscitado en Europa en torno a la Escuela Nueva y a las experiencias educativas innovadoras que se estaban llevando a cabo en Europa y EE.UU. Sus objetivos, acorde a los principios pedagógicos de la Institución Libre de Enseñanza (ILE), se orientaron en alcanzar el desarrollo integral de la persona a nivel intelectual, físico, social, moral y artístico. Implicaba una nueva manera de concebir la enseñanza en la que primaba la educación por encima de la instrucción mediante el fomento de valores como el respeto, la justicia, la belleza, la paz, etc. que marcaron una nueva manera de educar. El I-E tuvo un recorrido breve, cruento y claramente diferenciado de los que le procederían. El estallido de la Guerra Civil (1936-1939) y la imposición de la dictadura franquista conllevaron su cierre y posterior expolio. Por lo que el centro sevillano nació y murió con la República.
GAL4Drivers Specific for Type Ib and Type Is Motor Neurons inDrosophila
Authors: Pérez-Moreno Juan J , O’Kane Cahir J
Published: December 2018

The Drosophila melanogaster larval neuromuscular system is extensively used by researchers to study neuronal cell biology, and Drosophila glutamatergic motor neurons have become a major model system. There are two main Types of glutamatergic motor neurons, Ib and Is, with different structural and physiological properties at synaptic level at the neuromuscular junction. To generate genetic tools to identify and manipulate motor neurons of each Type, we screened for GAL4 driver lines for this purpose. Here we describe GAL4 drivers specific for examples of neurons within each Type, Ib or Is. These drivers showed high expression levels and were expressed in only few motor neurons, making them amenable tools for specific studies of both axonal and synapse biology in identified Type I motor neurons.
History of the Donguz-Orun Glacier from bioindication, historical, cartographic sources and remote sensing data
Authors: Solomina O. N. , Bushueva I. S. , Polumieva P. D. , Dolgova E. A. , Dokukin M. D.
Published: December 2018

On the basis of dendrochronological, lichenometric and historical data with the use of Earth remote sensing materials, the evolution of the Donguz-Orun Glacier has been reconstructed over the past centuries. In this work we used aerial photographs of 1957, 1965, 1981, 1987, satellite image of 2009, as well as descriptions, photographs, maps and plans of the glacier of the 19th and 20th centuries, data of instrumental measurements of the glacier end position in the second half of the 20th – early 21st centuries, dendrochronological dating of pine on the front part of the valley, and juniper to date coastal moraines, and the results of lichenometry studies. It has been established that the Donguz-Orun Glacier in the past had several clearly marked advances about 100, 200 and more than 350 years ago, which are expressed in relief in the form of uneven-aged coastal moraines. Despite the fact that the Donguz-Orun Glacier diﬀers from many mountain-valley glaciers of the Caucasus primarily by its predominantly avalanche feeding and a moraine cover, almost entirely covering its surface, the main periods of its advances are consistent with the known large ﬂuctuations of mountain glaciers during the Little Ice Age in the early 20th, early 19th, and, probably, in the middle of the 17th century. However, unlike most other Caucasian glaciers, the Donguz-Orun Glacier advanced in the 1970s–2000s. Te scale of its degradation from the end of the 19th to the beginning of the 21st century is also uncharacteristic for the Caucasus: the reduction in the length for longer than a century period is only about 100 m.
Use of stable water isotopes to identify stages of the pingo ice core formation
Authors: Chizhova Ju. N. , Vasil’chuk Yu. K.
Published: December 2018

Te isotopic characteristics of the pingo ice cores are considered. Te distribution of δ18O and δ2H values, dexc, δ18O–δ2H and δ2H–d exc relationships, and the simulation of the distribution of δ18O and δ2H values during the ice formation in a closed system, allowed drawing conclusion about the hydrological conditions and stages of the ice core growth. All pingos (Pestsovoye, Weather, Pingo-20) were formed in draining lake basins in the course of freezing of closed taliks. It is established that the water, which served as a source for the formation of the ice core, was subjected to evaporation still before the ice formation. According to our estimates, the water from which the ice of the Pestsovoye pingo was formed was heavier in values of δ18O and δ2H by 3.9 and 29.7‰, respectively, than the current average annual precipitation in the region. Similarly, for the ice of the core of the Pingo Weather it is 2.9 and 14.5‰, and 5.1 and 27.7‰ for the Pingo-20, respectively. In the ice cores of all considered pingos there is an ice formed in a closed system: in Pingo-20 it is a pure injection ice, while in the Pestsovoye and the Weser ones – the injected-segregated ice. Te frost mounds Pestsovoe and Weser grew under changing hydrological conditions: one part of the ice was formed when there was a free ﬂow of water to the freezing front (open system); the other one – when the water-saturated lenses of the closed talik were frozen (closed system). Te isotopic composition of ice being formed under conditions of a closed system reﬂects isotopic depletion during freezing and ice formation according to the Rayleigh model. It is expressed in a successive decrease in the values of δ18O and δ2H from the frst portions of ice to the last ones as the freezing continued. Te contrast values of δ18O and δ2H in diﬀerent parts of the ice being formed in the closed system may be used as an additional tool to identify direction of freezing. In a closed system, the last portions of ice have the greater contrast of the isotope values as compared to the frst portions.
Variability of the Lake Onega ice coverage in the period 2000-2018 according to the satellite data
Authors: Baklagin V. N.
Published: December 2018

Studying of characteristics of the Lake Onega ice regime and investigating of the climate inﬂuence on the formation and destruction of the ice cover requires a continuous chronological series of data on the Lake ice coverage. Ice cover is the percentage of the ice area to the total area of the lake. In 1955–1990, calculations of the ice coverage of the Lake were based on the use of the results of airborne ice reconnaissance. On average for this period, from 5 to 15 values were annually obtained, which was not enough for a comprehensive analysis of the ice coverage variability. In this paper, for the frst time, a daily series of values of the ice coverage of the Lake Onega for the period 2000–2018 had been formed basing on the results of a combined analysis of the following satellite data sets: NSIDC, NOAA NESDIS, corrected by data of the satellite MODIS sensor. Values from November to May were grouped from the above data sets without regards for years of observations, and then the regression analysis of these values made possible to create a model (a polynomial of the 8th degree) of the chronological course of the ice coverage during the period of the ice phenomena existence on the Lake Onega. Te coefcient of determination of the model is 0.74, and the error in determining the ice coverage is 21%. Te average dates of the beginning, end, and duration of periods of the formation (from November 25th to January 19th), the destruction (from April 13th to May 17th) of the ice cover, as well as the total freeze-up time (from January 20th to April 12th) on the Lake Onega for the period 2000–2018 was determined. Te period of ice phenomena on the Lake Onega on average lasts for almost half a year (175 days), of which a signifcant part of the time is a complete freeze-up (84 days). It was found that the rate of formation of the ice cover (1.76% per day) on the Lake Onega is 1.65 times smaller than the rate of its destruction (2.90% per day), which approximately corresponds to similar results obtained for the Lake Ladoga (1.5 times).
Clinical Applications of Raman Spectroscopy in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. A Review
Authors: Tefas Cristian , Tanțău Marcel
Published: December 2018

Background & Aims: Inflammatory bowel diseases are still difficult to diagnose and differentiate in some cases despite the serological, imaging, endoscopic and histopathological armamentarium. Raman spectroscopy is a technique that could help with these shortcomings. The aim of this paper is to present the accuracy of Raman spectroscopy in the diagnosis and monitoring of patients with inflammatory bowel diseases.Methods: We identified the published manuscripts and abstracts up to the 31st of December 2017 by a systematic search of Medline, Embase, Cochrane and other trial registries.Results: Eight publications were found, showing sensitivities and specificities of Raman spectroscopy in diagnosing and differentiating inflammatory bowel diseases ranging from 82 to 99% and 57 to 99%, respectively, and accuracies of up to 95%.Conclusion: The technique has so far proven its potential in the positive and differential diagnosis of Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis, allowing for very rapid results with high sensitivity and specificity.
Fecal calprotectin correlates well with endoscopic activity in ulcerative colitis patients
Authors: Nakov Radislav , Nakov Ventsislav , Gerova Vanya , Tankova Lyudmila
Published: December 2018

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Bougie cap access for successful intubation of the upper esophageal sphincter in diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis-related dysphagia („DISHphagia“)
Authors: Zimmer Vincent
Published: December 2018

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