bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Uncemented and cemented hemiarthroplasty for femoral neck fracture with end-stage renal failure
Authors: Kılıç Enver , Özdemir Güzelali , Bingöl Olgun , Karlidag Taner , Durgal Atahan , Önüt Mehmet
Published: August 2024

Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate the results of hemiarthroplasty performed with cemented and uncemented femoral stem in femoral neck fractures with ESRF.
Material and Methods: Patients aged over 65 years with ESRF who admitted to our clinic for femoral neck fractures between January 2019 and June 2021 and underwent hemiarthroplasty, included in the study. Group 1 included patients with ESRF who underwent hemiarthroplasty with cemented stem due to femoral neck fracture. And group 2 included patients with ESRF who underwent hemiarthroplasty with uncemented stem due to femoral neck fracture. Functional scores of the patients and femoral stem loosening rates were evaluated with Harris Hip Score and radiographs.
Result: 48 patients (21 male, 27 female) were included in the study. Twenty of the patients were treated with posterior approach and 28 were treated with anterolateral approach. The mean age of the patients was 78,6±11,32 years (range: 65-93 years).The mean follow up time was 28,9 months (24-36 months).There was no significant difference between loosening of cemented and uncemented stems (p= 0,087). The mean HHS of the patients was 69.5 for group 1 and 71.8 for group 2 (range 40-85). There was no significant difference between HHS of group 1 and 2 (p>0.05).
Conclusion: Patients with ESRF who underwent hemiarthroplasty due to femoral neck fracture have a higher complication risk. The loosening rates and functional scores of cemented and uncemented hemiarthroplasty are similar.
THE MEDIATING IMPACT OF SOCIAL MEDIA INTENSITY ON THE INFLUENCE OF ISLAMIC LEARNING AND SPIRITUAL INTELLIGENCE ON THE NEGATIVE INFLUENCE OF SOCIAL MEDIA
Authors: Mushthofa Fathu Ni'am , Wathoni Kharisul , Daryono Rihab Wit
Published: August 2024

Apart from having a good impact on all aspects of life, social media also has a bad impact too. Starting from this anxiety, this research tries to map the factors that influence overcoming social media's negative impacts. This research aims to analyze and prove the importance of managing the intensity of social media use wisely to mediate Islamic learning and spiritual intelligence as an effective strategy to combat the negative influence of social media in the digital era on students. This research involved 66 class X students using a quantitative approach and survey methods. Data was collected through a Likert scale questionnaire, and data analysis was carried out using relevant statistical techniques. The research conclusion shows that the intensity of social media use mediates well the relationship between Islamic learning and spiritual intelligence on the negative influence of students' social media. The implications of this research highlight the importance of managing the intensity of social media use wisely and developing Islamic learning and spiritual intelligence to protect individuals from the negative influence of social media
The Interplay of Self-Esteem in the Relationship Between Sexual Dating Violence and Self-Silencing in Adolescent Girls
Authors: Fortin Laurie , Jean-Thorn Arianne , Allard-Cobetto Pénélope , Théorêt Valérie , Hebert Martine
Published: August 2024

Several repercussions have been linked to teen dating violence, including self-silencing. Self-silencing refers to an excessive worry about the partner’s needs and opinions, which can lead to neglecting one’s well-being. However, the mechanisms by which dating violence, especially sexual victimization, affects self-silencing are understudied. Moreover, studies have identified sexual victimization by an intimate partner as one of the most critical factors affecting youth’s self-esteem development, which may explain this relationship. The present study aimed to explore the possible mediating role of self-esteem in the relationship between sexual teen dating violence and self-silencing. Adolescents were recruited from a one-stage stratified cluster sample of 34 high schools inQuebec, Canada. Adolescents completed measures on sexual dating violence and self-esteem at Wave 1 and self-silencing in their relationship at Wave 2, 6 months later. Analyses were conducted on 2,489 adolescent girls (M= 15.48 years,SD= .95) who participated in Wave 2 and reported being in a dating relationship in the last 6 months. Results of the path analysis indicated that self-esteem acted as a mediator in the relationship between sexual teen dating violence and self-silencing. This study helps better understand the processes underlying self-silencing behaviors in adolescent victims of sexual dating violence. The results highlight a potential target for intervention to inhibit the development of self-silencing in adolescent girls experiencing sexual dating violence.
Navigating Uncertainty: The Impact of COVID-19 on Families of Terminally Ill Patients
Authors: Hussein Mohamed Toufic El , Dhaliwal Simreen
Published: August 2024

Background:The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has caused significant global mortality and left a substantial number of bereaved individuals in its wake while reshaping health care delivery and profoundly affecting families coping with loss. During the pandemic, public health measures and the fear of getting COVID have reshaped grieving for families, adding emotional layers and complexities. This was further compounded by bereavement challenges, including changes to gatherings that have altered social norms and limited families in honoring loved ones, causing further distressing.Purpose:To elucidate experiences of families who had a hospitalized terminally ill family member during the COVID-19 pandemic and identify themes from the existing literature that can inform clinical practice related to how health care providers care for individuals and their families during palliative care going forward.Methods:This scoping review delved into qualitative studies sourced from peer-reviewed literature found in PubMed, CINAHL, and MEDLINE databases.Results:A thorough search yielded 298 articles, of which 10 were included in the present review. Four themes were identified: the importance of communication, the challenges and effects of separation from loved ones, changed rituals and bereavement, and access to services and support.Implications for Practice:The restrictions and fear imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic has significantly altered patient and family care dynamics, disrupting customary face-to-face visits and increasing emotional strain for families, while highlighting the necessity for personalized end-of-life care. Integrating supportive frameworks and utilizing telehealth platforms or hybrid care models will be crucial in addressing the complexities of grief and loss experienced by patients, families, and caregivers during and after the pandemic.
Aggressive Giant Extraskeletal Aneurysmal Bone Cyst of the Thigh: Overcoming Challenges with a Multidisciplinary Approach
Authors: Proença Caetano António , Neves Teresa , Pedrosa Carlos , Portela José , Gomes Filipe Veloso , Coimbra Élia , Bilhim Tiago
Published: August 2024

Aneurysmal bone cysts are vascular benign fibroblastic lesions usually found in bone that are locally destructive, with a greater incidence in the first and second decades of life. Patients usually undergo curettage or, less frequently, surgical resection, which may lead to growth disturbances and deformities in cases of large or complex lesions. Minimally invasive techniques such as sclerotherapy and endovascular embolization have been developed as an alternative or complement to surgery, with promising results. The authors present a rare case of an extraskeletal aneurysmal bone cyst successfully treated with minimally invasive techniques followed by surgical resection and provide a literature review of the current treatment options.
SPIRITUAL ASPECTS OF THE FAMILY FROM AN ISLAMIC PERSPECTIVE AND ITS ROLE IN SHAPING A CIVILISED SOCIETY
Authors: Bariyah Oneng Nurul , Al Farisi Usman
Published: August 2024

Permasalahan Keluarga yang terjadi dalam masyarakat sangat mempengaruhi tatanan kehidupan sosial masyarakat. Tingginya Kasus perceraian dan Kekerasan dalam rumah tangga meningkatkan tingginya angka perceraian.  Terjadinya keretakan keluarga sangat berpengaruh terhadap kehidupan sosial sehingga tidak selaras dengan tujuan keluarga dalam ajaran Islam. Oleh karena itu, paper ini menjelaskan aspek-aspek spiritual keluarga dan perannya sebagai basik pembentukan masyarakat beradab. Penelitian bersifat deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan normatif filosofis.  Hasil kajian  menunjukkan bahwa pernikahan sebagai awal terbentuknya  keluarga merupakan salah satu hal yang dapat mempengaruhi bangunan keluarga yang sesuai dengan syari’at Islam. Pernikahan dalam Islam berlandaskan nilai-nilai ilahiyah tauhidiyah. Sehingga keluarga yang dibangun bernilai ibadah. Aspek spiritualitas menjiwai seluruh aktifitas anggota keluarga baik sebagai suami, isteri, maupun anak-anak. Tatanan keluarga dibangun secara terencana meliputi aspek spiritual, material, maupun psikologis.  Terlaksananya fungsi-fungsi keluarga dengan baik menjadi faktor penentu  terbangunnya masyarakat yang beradab. Keluarga sebagai tempat awal Pendidikan menentukan bangunan masyarakat yang berpendidikan sehingga mampu melakukan inovasi sesuai kebutuhan masyarakat. Faktor Pendidikan berpengaruh terhadap kemampuan material masyarakat sehingga kemajuan dapat tercapai. Peradaban masyarakat yang maju ditentukan oleh kemampuan keluarga dalam memenuhi kebutuhan hidup keluarga sesuai dengan perkembangan teknologi. Terpenuhinya kebutuhan primer keluarga seperti sandang, pangan, dan papan dengan berlandaskan nilai-nilai ketuhanan merupakan pondasi terbentuknya masyarakat yang beradab.
ANALISIS PUTUSAN PERCERAIAN AKIBAT PERSELINGKUHAN
Authors: Kamsiah  , Miftahul Jannah  , Fardy Iskandar
Published: August 2024

ABSTRAK
Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan menganalisa perceraian yang terjadi akibat perselingkuhan yang dilakukan oleh suami, Penelitian ini merupakan study kasus Cerai Gugat (CG) di Pengadilan Agama Samarinda yang merupakan tipe penelitian hukum empiris yaitu penelitian hukum yang menitik beratkan pada penemuan fakta hukum di lapangan yaitu fenomena perilaku beberapa masyarakat yang melanggar norma hukum, agama dan sosial dengan melakukan pengkhianatan terhadap pasangan sahnya. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian adalah deskriptif kualitatif yaitu sebuah upaya peneliti untuk mengekplorasi potret situasi sosial dengan mengelola data primer yang diperoleh dari observasi dan wawancara terhadap para isteri (Penggugat) secara purposive sampling serta data tambahan yaitu hasil putusan Hakim yang mengabulkan gugatan para isteri tersebut. Hasil penelitian ini adalah mengetahui factor isteri mengajukan cerai gugat di Pengadilan Agama Samarinda dengan menitik beratkan alasan karena perselingkuhan yang dilakukan suaminya, sehingga tidak ada pilihan lain kecuali menggugat cerai suaminya. Penyebab terjadinya perselingkuhan yang dilakukan oleh suami yang digugat tersebut di antaranya adalah kedekatan dengan teman kerja, kurangnya komunikasi terhadap isteri kurangnya waktu untuk keluarga dan pengaruh sosial media serta adanya kesempatan dan rendahnya pengetahuan tentang agama. Perselingkuhan yang terjadi seolah menjadi awal terjadinya percekcokan sehingga hancurnya rumahtangga yang dibangun secara sah selama ini kemudian isteri yang merasa dikhianati tidak memiliki keinginan lagi melanjutkan mahligai rumah tangganya dan menuntut keadilan di Pengadilan Agama berharap gugatan cerainya dikabulkan.
Kata Kunci: Analisis, Perceraian, Perselingkuhan,
Bibliometric Analysis of Problem Based Learning in Physics Education: A Scopus Based Study (1996-2023)
Authors: Nurjanah Siti , Sultan Jumriani , Aisyah Siti , Puspita Dita , Ulyasari Nur
Published: August 2024

Using the Scopus database, this study analyzed and mapped the productivity, citation patterns, and collaborative research on Problem-Based Learning (PBL) in Physics Education. The method used was bibliometric, using the Scopus database. A total of 58 articles published between 1996 and 2023 were analyzed. The findings indicate a steady increase in publications from 1996 to 2019, with a decline during the COVID-19 pandemic years. The Asia Pacific Forum on Science Learning and Teaching emerged as the leading journal, with major contributions from the State University of Surabaya and the University of Rwanda. The most influential authors and articles were identified, and key research trends were highlighted. This bibliometric analysis provides a foundation for future research on PBL approaches in physics education.
The role of religious brand community support to increase value co-creation in market religio-centric
Authors: Sudarti Ken , Hendar Hendar , Tharrazana Nabila
Published: August 2024

This study analyzes the effect of religious brand community support (RBCS) in strengthening customer ethical perceptions (CEP) to establish trust and readiness for religious value co-creation. 212 Islamic clothing brand community members were the respondents in this study. They are involved in the purchasing interaction through online media, both consumer to consumer and consumer to the online shop owner. SEM was used to analyze and examine the empirical model. This study found that the role of RBCS in forming ethical perceptions regarding online shops can provide a sense of security, keep promises, and provide good service recovery. All of these impacts strengthen trust both with brands and online shop owners. Strengthening ethical perceptions and trust will increase consumer interest in the interaction of knowledge, experience, and religious belief that online shops can sell clothing products that are in accordance with religious law. The results of this study are beneficial for online shops that offer religious products, especially Islamic clothing, to manage a religio-centric market and strengthen a virtual community based on religious beliefs that are the same as the product value. This will strengthen the virtual halal ecosystem and provide a virtual da’wah space for religio-centric consumers who base all their activities on worship according to their religious values.
Collaborative marketing innovation: How to energize social capital to enhance MSME’s performance?
Authors: Muna Nalal , Sukresna I Made , Praswati Aflit Nuryulia
Published: August 2024

An entrepreneurial network is one of the most prominent strategic resources for business. Even though micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs) face several challenges arising from their liability of smallness, they can leverage the advantages of having strong network ties. This study aims to examine how social capital derived from entrepreneurial networks (both formal and informal) can encourage collaborative marketing innovation and speed-to-market to enhance marketing performance. A total of 161 MSME owners from various industries participated in a field survey that was conducted using self-administered questionnaires. Data is analyzed using Structural Equation Modelling with AMOS software. The Resource Advantage Theory of Competition (RAToC) emphasizes the dynamic nature of competition in provoking disequilibrium through collaboration with other organizations. The result shows that collaboration helps companies in integrating resources in the marketing innovation process such as obtaining input for product development and supporting product promotion. The study also indicates that collaborative marketing innovation has become the most salient variable that accelerates time-to-market and enhances MSME performance.
Crop Growth Analysis Using Automatic Annotations and Transfer Learning in Multi-Date Aerial Images and Ortho-Mosaics
Authors: Rana Shubham , Gerbino Salvatore , Akbari Sekehravani Ehsan , Russo Mario Brandon , Carillo Petronia
Published: August 2024

Growth monitoring of crops is a crucial aspect of precision agriculture, essential for optimal yield prediction and resource allocation. Traditional crop growth monitoring methods are labor-intensive and prone to errors. This study introduces an automated segmentation pipeline utilizing multi-date aerial images and ortho-mosaics to monitor the growth of cauliflower crops (Brassica Oleracea var. Botrytis) using an object-based image analysis approach. The methodology employs YOLOv8, Grounding Detection Transformer with Improved Denoising Anchor Boxes (DINO), and the Segment Anything Model (SAM) for automatic annotation and segmentation. The YOLOv8 model was trained using aerial image datasets, which then facilitated the training of the Grounded Segment Anything Model framework. This approach generated automatic annotations and segmentation masks, classifying crop rows for temporal monitoring and growth estimation. The study’s findings utilized a multi-modal monitoring approach to highlight the efficiency of this automated system in providing accurate crop growth analysis, promoting informed decision-making in crop management and sustainable agricultural practices. Results indicate consistent and comparable growth patterns between aerial images and ortho-mosaics, with significant periods of rapid expansion and minor fluctuations over time. The results also indicated a correlation between the both the time and method of observation which paves a future possibility of integration of such techniques aimed at increasing the accuracy in crop growth monitoring based on automatically derived temporal crop row segmentation masks.
Enhancing Polysulfide Redox Kinetics Through Synergistic Polarization of Ferroelectric (Ba0.9Sr0.1TiO3) Nanoparticles for High-Capacity Li-S Batteries.
Authors: Castillo Ivan , Tripathi Balram , Barrionuevo Danilo , Mishra Karuna K. , Morell Gerardo , S. Katiyar Ram
Published: August 2024

We report on the role of synergistic polarization of Ba0.9Sr0.1TiO3 (BST) nanoparticles in sulfur cathodes to enhance the redox kinetics of polysulfides for high-capacity Li-S batteries. Ferroelectric nanoparticles are known to significantly improve the electrochemical performance of Li-S batteries due to their inherent self-polarization and high adsorption capacity towards polysulfides. X-ray diffraction spectra confirmed the tetragonal symmetry (c/a=1.0073), while Raman spectroscopic analysis validated the presence of tetragonal orientation Raman modes in BST-modified composites. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images showed a homogeneous distribution of BST in the sulfur cathode system, with grain sizes ranging from 1 to 1.5 μm. Notably, the BST-coupled S50BST30CB10PVDF10 composite cathode achieved a capacity of approximately 820 mAh/g at 100 mA/g, maintaining stability over 100 cycles, demonstrating improved electrochemical performance. Two distinct plateaus between 2.3 V to 2.0 V and 2.0 V to 1.5 V further underscore the superior performance of BST ferroelectric nanoparticles in enhancing the redox kinetics of Li-S batteries. By leveraging the favourable affinity of polar substances towards polysulfides, we aimed to create a more stable reactive environment within the cathodic site, effectively trapping polysulfide intermediates through the synergistic polarization of BST nanoparticles. The synergistic polarization induced by the asymmetric crystal structure of ferroelectrics is anticipated to generate internal electric fields, enhancing chemisorption with heteropolar reactive. The observed high cyclic stability further validates the efficacy of these composite cathodes in mitigating the polysulfide shuttle effect, offering promising prospects for advancing Li-S battery technology.
Navigating The Proteomic Landscape of Menopause: A Review
Authors: Katamesh Basant E. , Futela Pragyat , Vincent Ann , Thilagar Bright , Whipple Mary , Hassan Abdul Rhman , Abuelazm Mohamed , Nanda Sanjeev , Anstine Christopher , Singla Abhinav
Published: August 2024

Background and Objectives: Proteomics encompasses the exploration of protein composition, regulation, function, and pathways. Its influence spans diverse clinical fields and holds promise in addressing various women’s health conditions, including cancers, osteoporosis, and cardiovascular disorders. However, no comprehensive summary of proteomics and menopausal health exists. Our objective was to summarize proteomic profiles associated with diseases and disorders in peri and postmenopausal women. Materials and Methods: We conducted a comprehensive search of databases including PubMed, Google Scholar, Cochrane database, Elsevier, and ScienceDirect until 2022. A total of 253 studies were identified, 41 studies met the inclusion criteria to identify data of interest. These included study design, disease, and proteomics/proteins of significance as described by the authors. Results: The 41 studies, covered diverse areas including bone disorders (10 studies), cardiovascular diseases (5 studies), oncological malignancies (10 studies), and conditions such as obesity, nonalcoholic liver disease, the effects of hormone replacement therapy, and neurological diseases (16 studies). Results of our study indicate that proteomic profiles correlate with heart disease in peri- and postmenopausal women, with distinct sex differences. Furthermore, proteomic profiles significantly differed between women with and without osteoporosis. Additionally, patients with breast, ovarian, and endometrial cancer exhibited notable variations in proteomic profiles compared to those without these conditions. Conclusions: Proteomics has the potential to enhance risk assessment and disease monitoring in peri- and postmenopausal women. By analyzing unique protein profiles, clinicians can identify individuals with heightened susceptibility to specific diseases or those already affected by established conditions. This review suggests that there is sufficient preliminary data for proteomics in peri- and postmenopausal women for early identification of cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis, and cancers, in disease monitoring, and in tailoring individualized therapies. Rigorous validation studies involving large populations are essential before drawing definitive conclusions regarding the clinical applicability of proteomic findings.
Genetic and Epigenetic Interactions Involved in Senescence of Stem Cells
Authors: Iordache Florin , Ionescu Petcu Adriana Cornelia , Alexandru Diana Mihaela
Published: August 2024

Cellular senescence is a permanent condition of cell cycle arrest caused by a progressive shorten-ing of telomeres defined as replicative senescence. Stem cells may also undergo an accelerated se-nescence response, distinct from telomere shortening, known as premature senescence as a re-sponse to different stress agents. Various treatment protocols have been developed based on epi-genetic changes in cells throughout senescence, using different drugs and antioxidants, senolytic vaccines, or reprogramming of somatic senescent cells using Yamanaka factors. Even with all the recent advancements, it is still unknown how different epigenetic modifications interact with ge-netic profile and how other factors such as microbiota physiological conditions, psychological states and diet influence the interaction between genetic and epigenetic pathways. The aim of this review is to highlight the new epigenetic modifications that are involved in stem cell senescence. Here, we review recent senescence-related epigenetic alterations such as DNA methylation, chro-matin remodeling, histone modification, RNA modification, and non-coding RNA regulation outlining new possible targets for therapy of aging-related diseases. The advantages and disad-vantages of the animal models used in the study of cellular senescence are also briefly presented.
Artificial Cultivation of Aquatic Plants Promotes Nitrogen Transformation and Key Functional Genes in Agricultural Drainage Ditch Sediments in the Yellow River Irrigation Area, China
Authors: Hong Yu , He Ziqi , Liu Ruliang , Xiang Wenhua , Lei Pifeng , Fang Xi
Published: August 2024

Excess nitrogen in agricultural drainage poses a serious threat to the water quality safety of the Yellow River basin. Utilizing aquatic plants to modify the rhizosphere microbial community structure and facilitate nitrogen transformation is a crucial strategy for mitigating regional water eutrophication. Our results revealed that the denitrification rate (DR), dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium rate (DNRAR) and nitrogen fixation rate (NFR) of rhizosphere sediments exhibited a significant increase in artificially cultivated ditch. Compared with those in natural ditches, the richness of the bacterial community and the relative abundances of Bacteroidota, Verrucomicrobiota, Firmicutes, Anaeromyxobacter and Geobacter, which are involved mainly in the nitrogen cycle, in the rhizosphere sediments of artificially cultivated ditch were significantly greater due to improvements in environmental conditions. In artificially cultivated ditch, the dominant functional genes affecting DRNARs in the rhizosphere sediments of P. australis were nrfC and nrfA, while DRs were driven mainly by norB and napA, which were influenced by the nitrogen and carbon levels; and the dominant functional genes affecting NFRs in the rhizosphere sediments of T. orientalis were nifD, nifK and nifH. Our results provide a scientific basis for the use of aquatic plants for mitigating excess nitrogen levels in agricultural drainage.
Succeeding in Difficult Conversations: Evaluating Motivational Interviewing Teaching Techniques Through the Lens of Vaccine Hesitancy
Authors: Harrington Alec , Lauffer Kayla , Twenhafel Luke , Gajar Anicka , Wansing Kyle , Rosas Aleesa , Wicher Erika , Ke Sharon , Kang William , Tarka Gianna , Zapata Isain , Brooks Benjamin
Published: August 2024

Background: Vaccine hesitancy, identified by the World Health Organization as a top ten global health threat, presents a significant barrier to public health efforts, exacerbated by the politicization of vaccines during the COVID-19 pandemic.1 Motivational interviewing (MI) has been shown to be effective in addressing difficult topics, including vaccine hesitancy, emphasizing the need for its integration into medical education.2 Objective: This study explores ways to enhance the medical student curriculum on MI, specifically targeting the management of conversations with vaccine-hesitant patients. These authors seek to evaluate the impact of different teaching approaches on the efficacy of MI training within clinical education. Methods: A blinded study design was implemented, comparing two groups of medical students trained using distinct MI teaching methods: Learning Through Experience (LTE) and Traditional Teaching (TT). The LTE group engaged with a Vaccine Hesitant Standardized Patient (VHSP) before and after an instructional module on the use of MI to combat vaccine hesitancy. In contrast, the TT group interacted with a control Standardized Patient (SP) before the same module and then with the VHSP. Any medical student above the age of 18 was eligible for this study. All students in a vaccine elective at RVUCOM on the Colorado and Utah campuses were enrolled, as well as student volunteers. We excluded any students who opted out of the study. The effectiveness of each method was assessed through confidence and performance scores derived from participant self-evaluations and standardized patient feedback, respectively. Results: Participants in the TT group demonstrated superior mastery of MI skills as taught in the didactic session based on statistically significant findings across more tested variables. The LTE group exhibited enhanced ability in practical applications with standardized patients based on statistically significant findings. Both groups showed increased confidence in MI techniques, with the LTE group reporting greater confidence in vaccine knowledge and MI abilities. That said, the LTE method did not drastically outperform the TT approach in overall efficacy. Conclusions: The study indicates that while traditional TT training effectively imparts MI skills, the LTE approach may offer benefits in applying these skills in clinical scenarios. These findings suggest the potential for integrating multiple teaching methods into the medical curriculum to better prepare students for engaging with vaccine-hesitant patients. Further research is needed to explore the long-term effects of these teaching strategies on student performance and patient outcomes.
Adverse Childhood Experiences and Health Outcomes: A 20-Year Real-World Study
Authors: Martins Barbara , Taveira-Gomes Tiago , Costa Gomes Joana , Vidal-Alves Maria Joao , Magalhaes Teresa
Published: August 2024

Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) refer to traumatic life events in childhood that comprise abuse (e.g., psychological, physical, sexual), neglect (psychological and physical), indirect violence or household dysfunctions. Studies have found ACEs to be related to severe short-, medium- and long-term consequences in victims’ health. The current work consists of a real-world, multicentric, prevalence study of health outcomes in children <16 years suspected of ACEs by physicians. It relies on electronic health records and healthcare registries from a Portuguese local healthcare unit between January 2001 and December 2021 (N=40 536). Three health outcome groups were analyzed: (1) traumatic injuries and intoxications (2) mental health disorders, and (3) physical disorders. Keywords and ICD-9, ICD-10, and ICPC-2 codes from were employed. Children suspected of ACEs represent 2% (n=918). Social problems, injuries and intoxications, mental health disorders, and physical disorders arise in higher percentages in suspected victims than in non-suspected individuals. Findings uncover that child victims of ACEs may be underdiagnosed. Given the severe consequences for their current and future health, this should be taken as a critical warning for healthcare professionals. Detection and reports in health units are fundamental for early treatment, aiming to avoid an escalation of damage and prevent re-victimization.
A Deep Learning-Based Low-Overhead Beam Tracking Scheme for RIS-Aided MISO Systems with Estimated Channels
Authors: Guo Rongbin , Yuan JianTao , Wang Guan , Xu Congyuan , Yin Rui
Published: August 2024

The next generation network requires not only ultra high data rate, global coverage and connectivity, but also reducing network deployment costs and energy consumption. The emergence of reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) technology provides an effective way to improve efficiency and reduce cost, while the passive elements bring new challenges of channel estimation (CE) and beam tracking. For a RIS-aided multiple-input and single-output (MISO) system, in this paper, to achieve the channel state information (CSI), we propose a principle component analysis (PCA) based staged channel estimation method. Based on the estimated channel, we propose a deep learning (DL) based beam tracking scheme to realize low-complexity RIS reflection coefficient design, which effectively improves the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) at the user side. Simulation results verify our proposed channel estimation scheme based on PCA and beam tracking scheme based on DNN for the semi-active RIS-aided MISO systems can obtain approximate performances with much lower computational complexity.
Using HL7-FHIR as an Integration Platform for Chronic Disease Services Management and Planning in the Irish Healthcare Sector
Authors: Ngo Vuong M. , Sood Geetika , Donohue Fionnuala , Kearney Patricia , Buckley Claire , Roantree Mark
Published: August 2024

The RECONNECT project tackles the fragmentation in Ireland's public healthcare systems, aiming to improve service planning and delivery. It integrates complex systems within the Health Service Executive (HSE) for chronic disease management, prioritizes data privacy, and supports future digital resource integration. The methodology includes: (1) structural integration via a Federated Database design to maintain system autonomy while ensuring privacy; (2) semantic integration through a Record Linkage module to enable integration without individual identifiers; and (3) adoption of the HL7-FHIR framework for high interoperability, aligning with the national electronic health record (EHR) and the Integrated Information Service (IIS). The RECONNECT system is unique in Ireland, featuring a generic architecture for loosely coupled systems, adherence to HL7-FHIR for interoperability, efficient reuse of digital assets, and a robust privacy layer. A demonstration system using synthetic data from the Hospital Inpatient Enquiry (HIPE) and Chronic Disease Management (CDM) systems is implemented on Neo4j for visualization.
Physiopathological Roles of White Adiposity and Gut Functions in Neuroinflammation
Authors: Spinedi Eduardo , Docena Guillermo Horacio
Published: August 2024

White adipose tissue (WAT) and gut are involved as inducers of neuroinflammation when they detect injury and trigger inflammation. The autonomous nervous system innervates both tissues, although the roles of the sympathetic, parasympathetic and enteric nervous systems have not been fully elucidated. Here, we revisited the participation of both types of inflamed peripheral tissue in neuroinflammation. We first analyzed how inflamed peripheral WAT plays a key role in neuroinflammation once metainflammation is installed. Second, we described the impact of insulin resistance (IR) on hypothalamic dysfunction, T2DM and neurodegenerative diseases. Finally, we analyzed the gut-brain axis, examining cell interactions, soluble factors, the sensing of microbes and the role of the intestinal microbiota and mucosal barriers in neuroinflammation. Since intestinal mucosa and secondary lymphoid organs are densely innervated by the sympathetic, parasympathetic, and enteric nervous systems, we analyzed bidirectional crosstalk between different tissues, neurons, and immune systems in healthy and pathological circumstances to restore normal tissues functions, and consequently homeostasis.
Noise as an Optimization Tool for Spiking Neural Networks
Authors: Garipova Yana , Yonekura Shogo , Kuniyoshi Yasuo
Published: August 2024

Standard ANNs lack flexibility when handling corrupted input due to their fixed structure. Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) can utilize biological temporal coding features, such as noise-induced stochastic resonance and dynamical synapses to increase a model’s performance when its parameters are not optimized for a given input. Using the analog XOR task as a simplified Convolutional Neural Network analog, this paper demonstrates two key results: (1) SNNs solve the problem linearly inseparable in ANN with over 10% improvement in the optimal setting, and (2) in SNNs, the synaptic noise and dynamical synapses compensate for non-optimal parameters, achieving near-optimal results.
Compressible Diagnosis of the Membrane Fouling Based on the Transfer Entropy
Authors: Wu Xiaolong , Hou Dongyang , Yang Hongyan , Han Honggui
Published: August 2024

Membrane fouling caused by many direct and indirect triggering factors has become an obstacle to the application of membrane bioreactor (MBR). The nonlinear relationship between those factors is subject to complex causality or affiliation, which is difficult to clarify for the diagnosis of membrane fouling. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a compressible diagnosis model (CDM) based on transfer entropy to facilitate the fault diagnosis of the root cause for membrane fouling. Firstly, a framework of CDM between membrane fouling and causal variables is built based on a feature extraction algorithm and mechanism analysis. The framework can identify fault transfer scenarios following the changes in operating conditions. Secondly, the fault transfer topology of CDM based on transfer entropy is constructed to describe the causal relationship between variables dynamically. Thirdly, an information compressible strategy is designed to simplify the fault transfer topology. This strategy can eliminate the repetitious affiliation relationship, which contributes to the root causal variables speedily and accurately. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed CDM is verified by the measured data from an actual MBR.
Revisiting Aristotle vs. Ringelmann: The influence of biases on measuring productivity in Open Source software development
Authors: Gut Christian , Goldman Alfredo
Published: August 2024

Aristotle vs. Ringelmann was a discussion between two distinct research teams from the ETH Zürich who argued whether the productivity of Open Source software projects scales sublinear or superlinear with regard to its team size. This discussion evolved around two publications, which apparently used similar techniques by sampling projects on GitHub and running regression analyses to answer the question about superlinearity. Despite the similarity in their research methods, one team around Ingo Scholtes reached the conclusion that projects scale sublinear, while the other team around Didier Sornette ascertained a superlinear relationship between team size and productivity. In subsequent publications, the two authors argue that the opposite conclusions may be attributed to differences in project populations, since 81.7% of Sornette’s projects have less than 50 contributors. Scholtes, on the other hand, sampled specifically projects with more than 50 contributors. This publication compares the research from both authors by replicating their findings, thus allowing for an evaluation of how much project sampling actually accounted for the differences between Scholtes’ and Sornette’s results. Thereby, the discovery was made that sampling bias only partially explains the discrepancies between the two authors. Further analysis led to the detection of instrumentation biases that drove the regression coefficients in opposite directions. These findings were then consolidated into a quantitative analysis, indicating that instrumentation biases contributed more to the differences between Scholtes’ and Sornette’s work than the selection bias suggested by both authors.
Relationship Between E-Ethical Leadership and Emotional Exhaustion: A Moderated Mediation Model
Authors: Santiago-Torner Carlos , Corral-Marfil José-Antonio , Tarrats-Pons Elisenda
Published: August 2024

The risk factors and positive factors of teleworking have been widely analyzed. Emotional exhaustion has been one of the most studied among them. However, the impact of ethical leadership in virtual environments has remained completely unnoticed. There is no clear answer to whether the ethical leader is a factor that buffers or accelerates stress-related processes in teleworking. Furthermore, the role of perceived work autonomy as a theoretical mechanism that protects against specific adverse psychological outcomes requires more scientific evidence because the results obtained so far are confusing and contradictory. Therefore, this study explores how and when ethical leadership influences emotional exhaustion through work autonomy and teleworking intensity (TI).
The sample consisted of 448 professionals from six organizations in the Colombian electricity sector. The mediation effect was evaluated through a four-step procedure, and the moderated mediation model was analyzed using statistical tools such as PROCESS and AMOS macros for SPSS.
Surprisingly, our results revealed a positive relationship between ethical leadership and emotional exhaustion, with work autonomy potentially mediating this relationship. However, teleworking intensity (TI) was found to moderate this mediation process. Specifically, the negative impact of ethical leadership on emotional exhaustion was nullified when TI was high. Moreover, a high level of TI strengthened the relationship between ethical leadership and work autonomy, while weakening the positive relationship between work autonomy and emotional exhaustion.
In conclusion, our study suggests a potential positive relationship between ethical leadership and emotional exhaustion from the follower's perspective. However, the number of teleworking days can influence this trend, potentially even reversing it. In other words, teleworking intensity (TI) is a resource as its intensity increases, and it can alter the direction of work autonomy and reconfigure the relationship between ethical leadership and emotional exhaustion. This study, to the best of our knowledge, is the first to analyze these variables, significantly contributing to our understanding of the attributes of ethical leadership and its impact on employee well-being.
Electric Vehicle Sentiment Analysis Using Large Language Models
Authors: Sharma Hemlata , Ud Din Faiz , Ogunleye Bayode
Published: August 2024

Sentiment analysis is a technique used to understand the publics’ opinion towards an event, product, or organization. For example, positive or negative opinion or attitude towards electric vehicle (EV) brands. This provides companies with valuable insight about the public's opinion of their products and brands. In the field of natural language processing (NLP), transformer models have shown great performances over the traditional machine learning algorithms. However, these models have not been explored extensively in the EV domain. EV companies are becoming signif-icant competitors in the automotive industry and are projected to cover up to 30% of the United States light vehicle market by 2030 [1]. In this study, we present a comparative study of large language models (LLMs) including bidirectional encoder representations from transformers (BERT), robustly optimized BERT approach and generalized autoregressive pretraining for language un-derstanding using Lucid motors and Tesla motors YouTube datasets. Results evidenced LLMs like BERT and her variants are off-the-shelf algorithms for sentiment analysis, specifically, when fi-ne-tuned. Furthermore, our findings presents the need for domain adaptation whilst utilizing LLMs. Finally, the experimental results showed that RoBERTa achieved consistent performance across the EV datasets with a F1 score of at least 92%.
How Informative is the Marginal Information of a 2x2 Table for Assessing Association? The Aggregate Informative Index
Authors: Cheema Salman , Beh Eric J , Hudson Irene L.
Published: August 2024

The analysis of aggregate data has received increasing attention in the statistical discipline over the past 20 years. Much of this attention has been focused on estimating the cells frequencies of a 2×2 contingency table given only the marginal totals; the analyses proposed have been received with missed reviews. More recently, the focus has shifted toward analysing the overall association structure rather than on the estimation of the cell frequencies. This article provides some insight int how informative the aggregate data of a single 2×2 contingency table is for assessing the association. The information contained in the margins of the table is quantified using the squared deviation of the expected cell frequencies over the possible range of values, where the row and column totals are known and fixed. The new measure we discuss to quantify this association is referred to as the aggregate informative index (AII) and is shown to be the standardized area under the squared deviation curve.
Dementia Detection by In-Text Pause Encoding
Authors: Soleimani Reza , Guo Shengjie , Haley Katarina , Jacks Adam , Lobaton Edgar
Published: August 2024

In dementia, particularly Alzheimer's Disease (AD), communication challenges are evident, especially in vocabulary and pragmatic aspects. Affected individuals often use vague, non-specific words, and their speech lacks informative nouns and verbs, leading to imprecise communication. However, aspects like sentence structure, phonology, and articulation are believed to remain intact until later stages, though this view is debated in the research community. The rise of Large Language Models (LLMs) has made significant strides in various domains, including sentiment analysis and question-answering. These advancements have been applied to dementia research, with studies using LLMs to analyze textual data. Some research incorporates pauses in text to enhance performance, while others utilize transfer learning techniques. However, limited datasets for dementia detection pose challenges in training LLMs. Our research presents a novel approach to measuring the impact of in-text encoding strategies by embedding special characters within the text to enhance model performance and incorporating sequences and summaries of their frequency. Our best model achieves 0.88 and 0.86 in f1-score and accuracy, respectively, whereas the baseline has 0.42 and 0.56 in f1-score and accuracy.
Process Parameters as Tools to Intensify the Freeze-Drying Process and Modify the Sorption Properties of the Obtained Freeze-Dried Products
Authors: Jakubczyk Ewa , Nowak Dorota
Published: August 2024

The aim of this study was to investigate and effect of application of different conditions of freeze-drying on the kinetics of process and the sorption properties of dried apples. Slices of apple were frozen and subjected to freezing-drying process with different combination of a shelf temperature (-20, 10, 20, 30°C) and pressure (37, 63, 103, 165 Pa). During the freeze-drying, the temperature in the centre of material was recorded. The moisture content in dried material and changes of water content dried apples stored at humidity of 75.3% were obtained. The Midilli et al. model was used to describe drying kinetics of the freeze-drying with good fit. Drying time decreased from 660 (variant with a constant shelf temperature of 30°C, pressure 63 Pa) to 1305 minutes (variant with temperatures −20: 10: 20: 30°C, pressure 63 Pa). For this reason, the most favourable experimental parameters were: temperature of 30°C and pressure of 63 Pa. However, application of these parameters caused higher absorption of water vapour during storage. Therefore, the selection of freeze-drying parameters should also be related to the expected properties of the final product.
Block Copolymers of Poly(N-Vinyl Pyrrolidone) and Poly(Vinyl Esters) Bearing N-alkyl Side-Groups via RAFT Polymerization Synthesis, Characterization and Thermal Properties
Authors: Roka Nikoletta , Papazoglou Panagiota Theodosia , Pitsikalis Marinos
Published: August 2024

Amphiphilic block copolymers of N-vinyl pyrrolidone (NVP) and various vinyl esters (VEs), PNVP-b-PVEs, namely vinyl butyrate (VBu), vinyl decanoate (VDc) and vinyl stearate (VSt) were synthesized by RAFT polymerization techniques. The sequential addition of monomers methodology was employed starting from the polymerization of NVP followed by the polymerization of the VEs monomer. The reaction was conducted at 80oC in dioxane solutions using AIBN as initiator and O-ethyl S-(phthalimidylmethyl) xanthate as the CTA. The block copolymers were characterized by Size Exclusion Chromatography (SEC) and NMR spectroscopy. The thermal transitions of the copolymers were studied by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), whereas their thermal stability via Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) and Differential Thermogravimetry (DTG).