bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
B,N,S tri-doped reduced graphite oxide–cobalt oxide composite: a bifunctional electrocatalyst for enhanced oxygen reduction and oxygen evolution reactions
Authors: Ingavale Sagar B. , Patil Indrajit M. , Parse Haridas B. , Ramgir Niranjan , Kakade Bhalchandra , Swami Anita
Published: June 2018

Cobalt oxide with B,N,S tri-doped reduced graphite oxide exhibits synergistic effects to enhance ORR activity.
Near-infrared-excitable perovskite quantum dots via coupling with upconversion nanoparticles for dual-model anti-counterfeiting
Authors: Rao Mengnan , Fu Jie , Wen Xing , Sun Bing , Wu Jing , Liu Xuanhe , Dong Xueling
Published: June 2018

Upconversion nanoparticle-coupled perovskite quantum dots give efficient emissions under single near-infrared excitation.
Hydrothermal synthesis of MoS2 and WS2 nanoparticles for high-performance supercapacitor applications
Authors: Nagaraju Chandu , V. V. Muralee Gopi Chandu , Ahn Jin-Woo , Kim Hee-Je
Published: June 2018

As-fabricated nanoparticle structured MoS2 and WS2 electrodes delivered high specific capacitance, excellent rate capability and good cycling stability.
Boosting water oxidation electrocatalysts with surface engineered amorphous cobalt hydroxide nanoflakes
Authors: Zhang Haoxuan , Chen Bingxu , Jiang Hao , Duan Xuezhi , Zhu Yihua , Li Chunzhong
Published: June 2018

The sulfur engineering of cobalt hydroxide can produce more targeted active intermediates, hence maximizing the OER performance in alkaline media.
Synthesis of acyloxyl pyrazolines by copper-mediated aminoacyloxylation of unsaturated ketohydrazones
Authors: Chen Manman , Qi Lin , Chen Jia-Min , Ren Pei-Xing , Du Jie , Wang Li-Jing , Li Wei
Published: June 2018

An efficient copper-mediated aminoacyloxylation of unsaturated hydrazones has been developed. Copper carboxylates serve as both reaction promoters and carboxylate sources in these easily conducted reactions. This method provides straightforward access to diversely useful acyloxyl pyrazolines.
Stimuli-responsive fluorescence switching of cyanostilbene derivatives: ultrasensitive water, acidochromism and mechanochromism
Authors: Wang Bin , Wei ChunYing
Published: June 2018

A donor–acceptor dye exhibits high luminescence efficiency and high-contrast piezochromism with HLCT properties. The doped films show the ratiometric photo-luminescence peak shift under high pressure, interestingly, making them piezo-sensors.
New linear solvation energy relationships for empirical solvent scales using the Kamlet–Abboud–Taft parameter sets in nematic liquid crystals
Authors: Ranjkesh Amid , Parast Meisam Hagh , Strzeżysz Olga , Zakerhamidi Mohammad Sadegh , Yoon Tae-Hoon
Published: June 2018

A new linear solvation energy relationships of empirical solvent scales with the Kamlet–Abboud–Taft parameters sets for nematic liquid crystal.
Correction: Molecular dynamics simulation of the mechanical properties of multilayer graphene oxide nanosheets
Authors: Zhang Xu , Liu Shuyan , Liu Hang , Zhang Jinwen , Yang Xiaoning
Published: June 2018

Correction for ‘Molecular dynamics simulation of the mechanical properties of multilayer graphene oxide nanosheets’ by Xu Zhang et al., RSC Adv., 2017, 7, 55005–55011.
The intramolecular hydrogen bonded–halogen bond: a new strategy for preorganization and enhanced binding
Authors: Riel Asia Marie S. , Decato Daniel A. , Sun Jiyu , Massena Casey J. , Jessop Morly J. , Berryman Orion B.
Published: June 2018

Intramolecular hydrogen bonding directly to halogen bond donors preorganizes molecular structure and strengthens halogen bonding.
Derivation, analysis and development of coupled‐inductor‐based non‐isolated DC converters with ultra‐high voltage‐conversion ratio
Authors: Chen Manxin , Cheng Eric Ka‐Wai
Published: June 2018

This study proposes a method of integrating the voltage‐lift technique with multiple‐winding coupled inductor to form non‐isolated DC–DC converters that are able to provide high‐voltage gain. Voltage‐lift structures containing one diode and one capacitor are inserted in the primary and secondary sides of the coupled inductor, similar to available switched‐coupled‐inductor boost converters. This idea is further developed in this study, and generalised converters are derived by increasing the number of coupled‐inductor windings, with voltage‐lift structures applied to all windings. Improved converters with reduced capacitors count are also derived based on the generalised converters. They all feature high‐voltage gain and low‐voltage stress, which facilitates the selection of low‐voltage‐rating switch with low on‐resistance to increase conversion efficiency. Low‐voltage‐rating capacitors can also be used to minimise converter cost. Operational principles of the selected converter during four switching stages, and steady‐state analysis results of its improved converter are presented. A voltage‐clamp passive snubber for dealing with leakage effect is introduced. Prototype converters as well as its improved version are built in laboratory to validate the proposed method. The improved converter achieves maximum efficiency of 94.1% at 200 W nominal output.
MUSE crowded field 3D spectroscopy in NGC 300
Authors: Roth Martin M. , Sandin Christer , Kamann Sebastian , Husser Tim-Oliver , Weilbacher Peter M. , Monreal-Ibero Ana , Bacon Roland , den Brok Mark , Dreizler Stefan , Kelz Andreas , Marino Raffaella Anna , Steinmetz Matthias
Published: June 2018

Aims. As a new approach to the study of resolved stellar populations in nearby galaxies, our goal is to demonstrate with a pilot study in NGC 300 that integral field spectroscopy with high spatial resolution and excellent seeing conditions reaches an unprecedented depth in severely crowded fields.

Methods. Observations by MUSE with seven pointings in NGC 300 have resulted in data cubes that are analyzed in four ways: (1) Point spread function-fitting 3D spectroscopy with PampelMUSE, as already successfully pioneered in globular clusters, yields de-blended spectra of individually distinguishable stars, thus providing a complete inventory of blue and red supergiants, and asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars of type M and C. The technique is also applicable to emission line point sources and provides samples of planetary nebulae (PNe) that are complete down to m5007 = 28. (2) Pseudo-monochromatic images, created at the wavelengths of the most important emission lines and corrected for continuum light with the P3D visualization tool, provide maps of H II regions, supernova remnants (SNR), and the diffuse interstellar medium (ISM) at a high level of sensitivity, where also faint point sources stand out and allow for the discovery of PNe, Wolf–Rayet (WR) stars, etc. (3) The use of the P3D line-fitting tool yields emission line fluxes, surface brightness, and kinematic information for gaseous objects, corrected for absorption line profiles of the underlying stellar population in the case of Hα. (4) Visual inspection of the data cubes by browsing through the row-stacked spectra image in P3D is demonstrated to be efficient for data mining and the discovery of background galaxies and unusual objects.

Results. We present a catalog of luminous stars, rare stars such as WR, and other emission line stars, carbon stars, symbiotic star candidates, PNe, H II regions, SNR, giant shells, peculiar diffuse and filamentary emission line objects, and background galaxies, along with their spectra.

Conclusions. The technique of crowded-field 3D spectroscopy, using the PampelMUSE code, is capable of deblending individual bright stars, the unresolved background of faint stars, gaseous nebulae, and the diffuse component of the ISM, resulting in unprecedented legacy value for observations of nearby galaxies with MUSE.
Effect of Ag incorporation on the electrical and optical properties of AZO/Ag/AZO multilayer transparent conducting electrode
Authors: Rayerfrancis Arokiyadoss , Bhargav Balaji P. , Ahmed Nafis , Balaji Chandra , Kumar Ganesh
Published: June 2018

Silver (Ag) incorporated aluminium doped zinc oxide (AZO) based multilayer films were fabricated for transparent conducting electrode applications. AZO and Ag thin film layers were deposited using direct current magnetron sputtering system without breaking the vacuum. By carefully optimizing the thickness of the metal layer, the minimum sheet resistance of 6 Ω/square was achieved with 70% of transmission in the visible wavelength region. The surface morphology of the film was studied with atomic force microscope mapping in 5 µm × 5 µm area of the multilayer structure. The significance of the Ag layer thickness in determining the electrical and optical properties of the multilayer film was investigated.
Palliativversorgung im Kreißsaal
Authors: Garten Dr. med. Lars
Published: June 2018

Palliativversorgung im Kreißsaal ist ein multiprofessionelles Geschehen, das sowohl das sterbende Kind und dessen Eltern als auch die professionell Begleitenden einschließt. Denn auch für das Team ist diese Situation emotional extrem belastend. Der Beitrag vermittelt Wissen über die Möglichkeiten der Palliativversorgung von Neugeborenen und über die Bedürfnisse der Eltern, die in dieser sensiblen Situation besonderer Beachtung bedürfen.
Chancengleiche Versorgung – Barrierefreiheit in der Geburtshilfe für Frauen mit körperlichen Beeinträchtigungen
Authors: Schildberger Barbara , Ortner Nicola , Zenzmaier Christoph , König-Bachmann Martina
Published: June 2018

Frauen mit Behinderungen sehen sich im Alltag mit unterschiedlichen Herausforderungen und diskriminierenden Momenten konfrontiert. Vor allem Schwangerschaft und Mutterschaft werden nach wie vor kritisch diskutiert und tabuisiert. Eine quantitative Erhebung zur Barrierefreiheit an geburtshilflichen Abteilungen in Österreich ermittelte, inwieweit bauliche Maßnahmen und spezielle Leistungs- und Supportangebote implementiert wurden, um eine chancengleiche Versorgung von Frauen mit Beeinträchtigungen gewährleisten zu können.
In vivo Antimalarial and Antitrypanosomal Activity of Strychnogucine B, a Bisindole Alkaloid from Strychnos icaja
Authors: Beaufay Claire , Ledoux Allison , Jansen Olivia , Bordignon Annélise , Zhao Senzhi , Teijaro Christiana , Andrade Rodrigo , Quetin-Leclercq Joëlle , Frédérich Michel
Published: June 2018

Strychnogucine B is a bisindole alkaloid previously isolated from Strychnos icaja that possesses promising in vitro antiplasmodial properties. This compound was synthesized in four steps from (−)-strychnine. As no acute toxicity was observed at the highest tested cumulative dose of 60 mg/kg, its in vivo antimalarial activity was determined intraperitoneally at 30 mg/kg/d in a Plasmodium berghei murine model. In the Petersʼs 4-d suppressive test, this alkaloid suppressed the parasitaemia by almost 36% on day 5 and 60% on day 7 compared to vehicle-treated mice. In addition to this interesting antimalarial activity, it showed moderate in vitro antitrypanosomal activity but no in vivo activity in an acute Trypanosoma brucei model. It was also inactive in vitro on Leishmania mexicana promastigotes. This highlights its selective antimalarial efficacy and leads to further investigation to assess its potential as new antimalarial lead compound.
Heart-Protective Effects of Echinodorus grandiflorus in Rabbits That Are Fed a High-cholesterol Diet
Authors: Gasparotto Francielly , Lívero Francislaine , Palozi Rhanany , Ames Maria , Nunes Bruna , Donadel Guilherme , Ribeiro Rita , Lourenço Emerson , Kassuya Cândida , Junior Arquimedes
Published: June 2018

Excess weight and dyslipidemia are among the most serious health problems in Western societies. These conditions enhance the risk of cardiac disease and have been linked with a higher prevalence of cardiac arrhythmias and sudden death. The present study investigated the cardioprotective effects of Echinodorus grandiflorus on ventricular remodeling in rabbits that were fed a 1% cholesterol-rich diet. We first obtained an ethanol-soluble fraction of E. grandiflorus and performed a detailed phytochemical study by liquid chromatography-DAD/ESI-MS. For 60 days, male rabbits were fed the cholesterol-rich diet or a diet without the addition of cholesterol. After 30 days, different groups of rabbits were treated with the ethanol-soluble fraction of E. grandiflorus (10, 30, and 100 mg/kg, p. o.), simvastatin (2.5 mg/kg), or vehicle once daily for 30 days. At the end of 60 days, the serum lipoprotein ratio, electrocardiographic profile, histopathological alterations, and the cardiac antioxidant defense system were investigated. Echocardiographic analysis showed morphological and functional alterations in cholesterol-rich diet-fed animals, indicating left ventricle hypertrophy. The total cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein ratio and low-density lipoprotein/high-density lipoprotein ratio were significantly higher in cholesterol-rich diet-fed rabbits. Myocardial flaccidity, fatty degeneration, and concentric left ventricular hypertrophy were observed. An increase in lipid peroxidation levels, a decrease in superoxide dismutase activity, and a decrease in reduced glutathione levels were observed in the myocardium of all cholesterol-rich diet-fed rabbits. Treatment with the ethanol-soluble fraction of E. grandiflorus, especially the highest dose, significantly reduced all of these alterations, thus demonstrating the cardioprotective effect of the ethanol-soluble fraction of E. grandiflorus on cardiac changes that are induced by a cholesterol-rich diet.
Observations on Thromboplastin Generations Using Platelet Suspensions Prepared by a Simplified Method
Authors: Davidson E , Tomlin S
Published: June 2018

A simplified method of preparing platelet suspensions is described. The efficiency and reproducibility of results using these suspensions compares favourably with those of standard platelet suspensions and brain extract. In comparing the thromboplastin generation and the thromboplastin screening tests no important practical differences are noted. The use of simplified platelet suspensions is recommended for routine use in the thromboplastin screening test.
The Circulating Anticoagulant in Disseminated Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Perkins Herbert A. , Acra D. J
Published: June 2018

The circulating anticoagulant in a case of lupus erythematosus was demonstrated to accelerate the disappearance of formed thromboplastin. We were unable to show that it acted against any single blood coagulation factor. We suggest that its action may be entirely explained on the basis of destruction of the final prothrombin converting factor, with and without the presence of tissue thromboplastin. This hypothesis still leaves no explanation for the consistently low levels of prothrombin in this condition.
The Hemostatic Defect of Acute and Chronic Uremia
Authors: Donner L , Neuwirtová R
Published: June 2018

1. Investigations of blood coagulation in 52 acute, and 38 chronically uremic patients were performed. Clinical bleeding tendency were noted in 16 (30,8%) patients with acute uremia and in 13 (34,2%) with chronic uremia. In 237 extracorporeal dialysis carried out during the last 4 years, bleeding occurred in 55 (22,3%) during the procedure.

2. Both acute and chronic uremia are associated with numerous coagulation disturbances. Single laboratory alterations are not uniformly present in patients with uremia, changes in the thrombelastographic patterns, of the prothrombin and fibrinogen are most frequently found.

3. There was a striking tendency for the thrombelastogram to assume particular patterns similar in appearance either to the narrowing of a bottle-neck, a gradual joining, or to an onion like pattern. It is suggested that blood platelets take part in the development of these changes.

4. In comparing laboratory changes in acute and chronic uremia there are no significant differences in single laboratory changes. Although factor VII tends to be lower in acute uremia as compared with chronic uremia and the prothrombin consumption test lower in chronic uremia than in acute uremia.
Fats and Thrombus Formation
Authors: Bergentz S.-E , Gelin L.-E , Rudenstam C.-M
Published: June 2018

Summary and conclusions

1. Alimentary and intravenous administration of fat causes intravascular aggregation of blood cells and an increased tendency to formation of thrombi in ligated veins.

2. This aggregation and thrombus formation after fat is completely prevented by heparin but is not influenced by the lengthening of clotting time induced by dicumarol.
Fibrinolysis as Related to the Urea Solubility of Fibrin
Authors: Bickford Arthur F. , Sokolow Maurice
Published: June 2018

The in vitro experiments described in this report demonstrate that the rate of fibrinolysis as determined by both the spontaneous whole blood fibrinolysis test and the fibrin plate procedure is altered by variations in technique. The addition of calcium ion to the fibrinogen before clotting and the heating of fibrin resulted in similar decreases in fibrinolytic activity. Probably the same mechanism was involved, since both the addition of calcium and heating are known to cause the conversion of hydrogen-bonded fibrin to the sulfhydrylbonded form. The finding of both kinds of fibrin in spontaneously clotted whole plasma and in clots taken from the heart postmortem suggests that the type of fibrin bonding may influence the rate of removal of clots in vivo.
Quantitative und qualitative Störungen der Thrombozyten nach Injektion hochmolekularer Polymerer
Authors: Rodríguez-Erdmann F , Lasch H. G
Published: June 2018

Nach der Injektion hoher Dosen von polyanetholsulfonsaurem Natrium (Liquoid Roche) kommt es beim Kaninchen zu einer schweren hämorrhagischen Diathese. Die Tiere sterben im Schock. Das morphologische Substrat entspricht weitgehend dem Bild des sog. generalisierten Sanarelli-Shwartzman-Phänomens. Gerinnungsanalytische Untersuchungen zeigen als Ursache der hämorrhagischen Diathese einen Aktivitätsverlust der Faktoren V, Prothrombin, IX, Fibrinogen und PTA im Sinne einer “Verbrauchskoagulapathie”. Daneben spielen quantitative und qualitative Störungen an den Thrombozyten in der Genese der Blutungsneigung die wesentliche Rolle. Neben einer Verminderung der Thrombozytenzahl im strömenden Blut kommt es auch zu einer erheblichen Verminderung der Thrombozytenfunktionen 1 und 3. Bei gleichzeitiger Gabe von Liquoid und Protaminsulfat kann das morphologische und gerinnungsanalytische Bild der Shwartzman-Reaktion nicht hergestellt werden. Die Pathogenese der quantitativen und qualitativen Thrombozytenänderungen wird diskutiert. Es bleibt weiterhin noch unklar, welcher Mechanismus die Reaktion letztlich auslöst. Als tierexperimentelles Modell zum Aufzeigen von Beziehungen zwischen Gerinnungsfaktoren und Blutplättchen im Sinne einer Hämostase erscheint das Sanarelli-Shwartzman-Phänomen geeignet.
Der Einfluß von Thrombininhibitoren auf „Nebenwirkungen” des Thrombins
Authors: Markwardt F
Published: June 2018

Die Thrombininhibitoren Hirudin, Reduviin und Tabanin bilden nur mit dem gerinnungsaktiven Thrombin eine Additionsverbindung, wodurch das Gerinnungsferment seine spezifische proteolytische Wirkung auf das Fibrinogen und seine fibrinolytische Wirkung verliert. Die Esteraseaktivität des Fermentes wird dagegen von Hirudin und Reduviin nur unvollständig und vom Tabanin überhaupt nicht gehemmt. Mit Hilfe der spezifischen Thrombininhibitoren kann auch die Wirkung des Thrombins in den ersten Phasen der Gerinnung ausgeschaltet werden, wodurch der autokatalytische Reaktionsablauf verhindert wird. Auf diese Weise bewirken bereits geringe Inhibitormengen eine Hemmung der zur Thrombinbildung führenden Gerinnungsvorgänge.
Paper Electrophoresis of Fibrinogen and its Products
Authors: Salafsky B , Loomis T. A
Published: June 2018

The plasma protein, fibrinogen, has been prepared in a relatively pure form in this laboratory. Utilizing paper electrophoresis this protein has been studied. Under normal conditions fibrinogen does not show migration from the origin; however, in the presence of the non-ionic detergent, Triton X-100, migration is noted at several pH values. The clotted product, fibrin, does not demonstrate migration from the origin under any condition. Several intermediates of the clotting sequence were also studied by paper electrophoresis in the presence and absence of the detergent and urea at several pH values. The results obtained are discussed with regard to the current hypothesis of clotting, and the products present under various conditions.
Experimentelle Beiträge zur Bestimmung der Leistungsfähigkeit gerinnungsphysiologisdier Untersuchungsmethoden
Authors: Berghoff A , Glatzel H
Published: June 2018

Die Fehlermöglichkeiten der Caseinspaltungsmethode zur Bestimmung des profibrinolytischen Potentials im Plasma werden an Hand von methodenkritisch angelegten größeren Versuchsreihen analysiert. Für die methodisch bedingte Streuung der Extinktionswerte ergaben sich folgende Werte:

a) für Leerwertbestimmungen: s = ± 4,444; entsprechend einem Variations-koeffizienten von

b) für lstündige Testinkubationen (mit mittleren Tyrosinwerten) unter Verwendung von SK: s = ± 4,98; entsprechend einem Variationskoeffizienten von V = 3,3%.

c) für 24 stündige Testinkubation (mit hohen Tyrosinwerten) unter Verwendung von SK: s = ± 12,46; entsprechend einem Variationskoeffizienten von V = 2,3%.

Diese methodischen Fehlerbreiten der photometrischen Extinktionswerte sind bei Beurteilungen der Ergebnisse von Einzelbestimmungen zu berücksichtigen. Sie kennzeichnen die Caseinspaltungsmethode als eine sehr brauchbare Methode mit guter Reproduzierbarkeit im Vergleich zu anderen Untersuchungsverfahren aus dem Gebiet der Blutgerinnungsforschung.

Die interindividuelle Schwankungsbreite der Versuchsergebnisse liegt bei dieser Methode bei drei verschiedenen Testansätzen in folgenden Grenzen

I. 1stündige Testinkubation mit SK (250 E/ml): 200 bis 394 Tyrosin pro ml Plasma pro Stunde entsprechend 0,44 bis 0,88 E Plasminogen pro ml Plasma.

II. 24stiindige Testinkubation ohne SK (“Spontanaktivierung” des Plasminogens): 16 bis 123 ã Tyrosin pro ml Plasma pro 24 Std.

III. 24stündige Testinkubation mit SK (250 E/ml): 2586 bis 2775 ã Tyrosin pro ml Plasma pro 24 Std.

Die lstiindige Inkubation mit SK ist mit Recht die gebräuchlichste Testansatzart.

Beim Vergleich von Ergebnissen verschiedener Untersucher muß berücksichtigt werden, ob die angewendeten SK-Konzentrationen übereinstimmen.
The Adsorption Capacity of Platelets
Authors: Dóczy A , Fejér A
Published: June 2018

Thrombocytes stored at 37° C were suspended in fresh normal plasma free of platelets. Then the behaviour of the thrombocyte factors 1, 2 and 3 was investigated. It was found that the activity of factor 3 did practically not change during the experiments whereas the thrombocytes adsorbed the factor 1, and 2 and regained the normal activity.
Interaction of Heparin with Fibrinolysis
Authors: Holemans Rudolf , Adamis Dionysios , Horace James F
Published: June 2018

Heparin in high concentration inhibits the fibrinolysis of human plasma clots or bovine fibrin by fibrinolytic agents which produce plasminogen activation. Heparin has no effect on the fibrinolytic activity of plasmin or Aspergillus protease.

In order to produce inhibition of plasminogen activation heparin requires the presence of a co-factor which is present in citrated human plasma but absent from its euglobulin fraction.

In none of the concentrations tested has heparin an enhancing effect on fibrinolysis.
Interrelations of Thrombo-Embolic Diseases and Blood-Group Distribution
Authors: Dick W , Schneider W , Brockmüller K , Mayer W
Published: June 2018

A comparison between the repartition of the blood groups in 461 patients suffering from thromboembolic disorders and the normal distribution has shown a statistically ascertained predominance of the group A1. On the other hand the blood groups 0 and A2 are distinctly less frequent than in the normal distribution.
One-stage Assay for Hageman Factor (Factor XII). Further Studies on the Role of Hageman Factor in Blood Coagulation
Authors: Haanen C , Schoenmakers John G. G
Published: June 2018

A one stage assay for Hageman Factor (HF) activity is described. Maximal standardization was achieved by lyophilizing substrate plasma, cephalin suspension and standard reference plasma in small aliquots. A dilution curve was constructed, using a highly purified HF preparation. The assay is not completely specific and is invalidated by the presence of activated Factor IX and XI. So all materials to be tested were first adsorbed on Al(OH)3-gel to exclude Factor IX and possibly most of Factor XI.

Purified activated HF still possesses a high affinity for glass surfaces, thus activation may not alter the molecule at the side of affinity for the glass surface. Moreover purified activated HF is still more active in the presence of glass thus in the adsorbed state. These observations support the idea that the so called activation of Hageman Factor is a reversible phenomenon, whereby the molecule unfolds and uncovers active groups as soon as it is adsorbed on a negatively charged surface.
Coagulation Disorders in Thrombocythaemia, a Study of Seven Cases
Authors: Niewiarowski Stefan , Zywicka Halina , Latałło Zbigniew
Published: June 2018

The blood coagulation system has been studied in 7 patients with thrombocythaemia. 4 of these patients had thrombocythaemia after splenectomy, 2 of them had thrombocythaemia associated with myeloid leukemia, and 1 thrombocythaemia associated with polycythaemia. Severe bleeding episodes were noted in 5 cases, 2 patients had only mild bleeding symptoms.

Each patient was examined several times. The period of observations varied from 2 months to 3 years. Platelet count varied from 350 000 to 3 800 000 per mm3.

Bleeding time and tourniquet test were normal in all cases. Routine coagulation and fibrinolysis studies did not reveale characteristic abnormalities in plasma clotting factors. A decrease of prothrombin complex components was observed in 4 cases. This disturbance was due to the coexisting injury of liver parenchyma or myeloid changes but not to an increase of platelets or to the abnormalities in the platelet system.

An increase of antiheparin activity was found in the plasma of 4 patients. This activity is probably due to the escape of platelet factor 4 from destroyed or qualitatively changed platelets into plasma.

Platelet clotting factors were investigated in isolated platelet suspensions, A significant decrease of platelet factor 1 was observed in all patients and a decrease of platelet factor 4 in 5 patients. In 2 cases platelet factor 4 increased. Platelet thromboplastic activity showed a great variety of disturbances in conformity with other workers observations.

Recent views on the pathogenesis of bleedings in thrombocythaemia are discussed. On the basis of their own investigations the authors suggest that the significant disturbances of platelet function may contribute to the development of bleeding, and that the increase of antiheparin activity in plasma may produce hypercoagulability and favorize the formation of thrombi.
Use of Factor VIII in the Treatment of Hemophilia
Authors: Pavlovsky A , Peterson H , Casillas G , Simonetti C , Martinez Canaveri A , Andino Pavlovsky A
Published: June 2018

This publication describes the results obtained by treatment of haemophiliacs with factor VIII preparations isolated from Cohn fraction I by use of tannic acid, FI-O-Ta.

The authors stress the rapidity of the disappearance of factor VIII after injection. Transfusions are generally well tolerated. One reaction of the pyrogen type has been observed and also a case of activation of the fibrinolytic system.

A second purification method by means of chromatography on DEAE-cellulose is described.
Partial Activation of Purified Prothrombin: Derivation of Autoprothrombin I with Use of Autoprothrombin C
Authors: Seegers Walter H , Cole Edmond R , Marciniak Ewa
Published: June 2018

Activation of purified prothrombin with autoprothrombin C in the absence of calcium ions produces autoprothrombin I activity. The solubility, and stability properties of this autoprothrombin I are different from those of autoprothrombin I when obtained by activating prothrombin with calcium ions, platelet factor 3, and Ac-globulin.
Antithrombin-III-Konzentrate: Klinische Anwendung*
Authors: Thaler E.
Published: June 2018

Seit kurzer Zeit stehen hochgereinigte, kommerziell hergestellte AT-III-Konzentrate für die klinische Erprobung und teilweise auch zur therapeutischen Anwendung zur Verfügung. Bezüglich ihres In-vivo-Verhal-tens scheinen sie gleichwertig zu sein. Über ihre klinische Wirksamkeit existieren allerdings noch keine größeren kontrollierten Studien. Aus bisherigen Untersuchungsergebnissen kann bereits eine vorläufige Wertung über weitgehend gesicherte und wahrscheinliche Indikationen zur Verabreichung von AT-III-Konzentraten aufgestellt werden.

Klare Indikationen zur AT-III-Substitution sind der angeborene und erworbene AT-III-Mangel, wenn eine akute tiefe Venenthrombose oder eine Pulmonalembolie eine gerinnungshemmende Therapie erforderlich macht oder in Situationen erhöhter Thrombosegefährdung eine prophylaktische, niedrig dosierte Heparintherapie angezeigt ist.

Eine mögliche Indikation zur AT-III-Substitution ist die klinisch relevante disseminierte intravaskuläre Gerinnung mit nachgewiesenem AT-III-Mangel, bei welcher bisher mit einer alleinigen Heparintherapie kein klinischer Erfolg erzielt werden konnte, jedoch von einer wirksamen Anti-koagulation zu erwarten wäre. Wahrscheinlich erfolgversprechend ist die AT-III-Substitution beim akuten Leberversagen, wenn Hoffnung auf eine Regeneration des Leberparenchyms besteht. Unter AT-III-Substitution und niedrigdosierter Heparintherapie konnten ohne intravasale Gerinnungskomplikationen Prothrombinkom-plexkonzentrate substituiert, sowie auch extrakorporale Blutreinigungsverfahren effektiver und komplikationsärmer durchgeführt werden. Eine weitere, erfolgversprechende Indikation ist die prophylaktische Substitution bei Patienten mit Leberzirrhose, wenn ein peritoneo-jugularer Shunt angelegt werden soll oder das Hämo-stasesystem mit Faktorenkonzentraten vor und nach großen operativen Eingriffen normalisiert werden muß. Über weitere mögliche Indikationen existieren bisher nur kasuistisch positive Berichte. Empfehlungen zur AT-III-Substitution können in diesen Fällen nur für gut geplante klinische Studien abgegeben werden.

Ungeachtet dessen kann in Einzelfällen in Situationen mit AT-III-Mangel, D.I.G. und lebensbedrohlicher Erkrankung der Therapieversuch mit AT-III-Konzentrat auch absolut indiziert sein. Um aus solchen Situationen lernen zu können ist aber eine ausreichende Dokumentation wünschenswert.
Auslösung der Thrombogenese durch strömungsmeehanische Materialtransporte gegen die Gefäßwand
Authors: Müller-Mohnssen H. , Scholtes L.
Published: June 2018

Thrombosen der Koronararterien bilden sich bevorzugt in geometrisch komplizierten Gefäßabschnitten. Hier entstehen Sekundärströmungen mit Geschwindigkeitskomponenten senkrecht gegen die Wand, oder sogar Staupunktströmungen, in denen Stromlinien senkrecht gegen die Wand gerichtet sind. Strömungsexperimente an Glasmodellen solcher Gefäßabschnitte ergaben, daß Blutpartikel (Thrombozyten, Erythrozyten) insbesondere durch Staupunktströmungen gegen die Wand transportiert und mit ihr in Berührung gebracht werden. Bei langsamen Staupunktströmungen bilden die Partikel im Staugebiet wandständige Mikro-thromben, sofern ihre Adhäsivität groß genug ist, um der Schubkraft der entlang der Wand abfließenden Strömung zu widerstehen. Die von schnellen Staupunktströmungen erzeugten hohen Wandschubkräfte wirken der Ablagerung entgegen. Wegen der geometrischen Übereinstimmung der Glasmodelle mit bevorzugt von Thrombosen befallenen Abschnitten der Koronararterien und wegen der Übereinstimmung der Ablagerungsor-te innerhalb der Lichtung von Blutgefäß und dessen Modell war zu vermuten, daß dieser Zusammenhang auch für die Thrombogenese in vivo gilt.

Zur Überprüfung dieser Hypothesen wurden die strömungsmechanischen Bedingungen für die Entstehung einer Plättchenmikrothrombose durch eine rotationssymmetrische Staupunktströmung in vitro simuliert. Als Staufläche diente eine Glaswand, als Fluid strömte plättchenreiches Plasma von Patienten, bei denen das Thromboserisiko und die Wirkung von Hämostatika festgestellt werden sollte. Während der Strömung wurde das Wachstum der auf der Glaswand entstehenden Thrombozyten- »Mikro-thromben« fortlaufend registriert.

Diese Anordnung reduziert die intravitalen Verhältnisse auf ein Minimalsystem bestehend aus drei Komponenten, welche bei der Entstehung der wandständigen Thrombose in vivo unumgänglich beteiligt sind: Blut, Strömung, Wand. Sie bildet also als Minimalsystem einen pathophysiolo-gischen Vorgang im Modell nach. Bei Patienten mit klinischen Anzeichen erhöhter Gerinnungsneigung. (z.B. Herzinfarkt, 3 Tage nach der Messung) entstanden auch in vitro »Mi-krothrombosen«. Anhand der Ergebnisse wird diskutiert, ob sich diese Staupunktanordnung, die den patho-physiologischen Vorgang der Thrombogenese offensichtlich im Modell nachzubilden gestattet, auch dazu eignet, die individuelle Adhäsions- und Aggregationsneigung der Thrombozyten zu messen.
Prophylaxe von Venenthrombosen bei Beinvenendysplasien
Authors: Bruhn H. D.
Published: June 2018

XII. Zusammenfassung

Bei primär ausgepragter Stammvarikosis oder sekundärer Varikosis mit beschwerdereichem postthrombotischem Syndrom erscheint eine Pharmakoprophylaxe zurVermeidung oberflächlicher und tiefer Rezidivthrombosen je nach Schwere des Falles und der vorliegenden Komplikationen empfehlenswert. Gerinnungshemmung
(Heparin, Cumarine) und

Plättchenaggregationshemmung (Acetylsalicylsaure) sowie Antiphlogistika (Phenylbutazon) haben bei den entsprechenden Indikationen ihren klinisch gut dokumentierten Stellenwert. Neben der medikamentosen Venenprophylaxe ist bei der primaren Varikosis das chirurgische Vorgehen eine wichtige Form der Prophylaxe. Ebenso ist der therapeutische Wert von Kompressionsmaßnahmen und Venenmitteln in einzelnen Untersuchungen zweifelsfrei erwiesen worden. Vergleichenderandomisierte Studien, die den relativen Wert der Einzelmaßnahmen, z.B. der Antikoagulantienprophylaxe, sichern wiirden, stehen dagegen noch aus.
From Working in the Wheat Field to Managing Wheat: Women Innovators in Nepal
Authors: Farnworth Cathy Rozel , Jafry Tahseen , Lama Kanchan , Nepali Sushila Chatterjee , Badstue Lone B.
Published: June 2018

There is very little research on women in wheat in Nepal, and wheat is still considered a ‘man’s crop’. Consequently, extension services rarely target women, and women are not considered as innovators. However, research conducted in the Terai plains in 2014/15 shows that women are innovating in wheat to the extent that wheat farming is experiencing a shift from feminisation of agricultural labour towards women taking control over decision-making. Processes accounting for this include male outmigration, non-governmental organisation (NGO) work on promoting women’s equality which has developed women’s confidence, individual support from extension agents and strong cooperation between women to foster each other’s ‘innovation journeys’. Women who lived in seclusion 10 years ago are receiving recognition within their families and communities. This article provides recommendations for researchers, rural advisory services and other partners to bring their work in alignment with the realities of women wheat innovators.
Examples of Hamiltonians isochronous in configuration space only and their quantization
Authors: Calogero F. , Leyvraz F.
Published: June 2018

Examples of many-body Hamiltonians are identified which yield time-evolutions, having the property that the projection of an arbitrary orbit in phase space onto configuration space is periodic with a period independent of initial data (“isochrony”), while the evolution in phase space is not periodic. These include a variation on the harmonic oscillator as well as a Hamiltonian yielding the “goldfish” equations of motion. We then investigate a one-body version in the complex plane of this goldfish Hamiltonian. Its quantization is studied, and it is shown that the spectrum is continuous and infinitely degenerate; the general solution of the time-dependent Schrödinger equation in the position representation is not time-periodic, but its square modulus does evolve isochronously.
Hexapod Hall scanner for high-resolution large area magnetic imaging
Authors: Perkins G. K. , Kustov M. , Lovell E. , Pettifer M. V. , Cohen L. F.
Published: June 2018

We demonstrate a six-axis scanning imaging apparatus using piezo bending actuators with a large scan range. The six axes of motion of the bending actuators together with the coupling mechanism to the translation stage allow complete control of the sensor position and orientation over the scanning surface, which is ideal for the use of planar sensors such as Hall devices. In particular, the design allows for in situ correction of the probe tilt angle so that the sensor distance to sample surface can be minimized. We investigate the impact of this alignment on the quality of the measured data using an InSb Hall sensor and a magnetic sample. We also demonstrate a synchronous commutation setup that can greatly enhance the magnetic image by reducing the Hall signal offset.
Multi-sample deformability cytometry of cancer cells
Authors: Ahmmed Shamim M. , Bithi Swastika S. , Pore Adity A. , Mubtasim Noshin , Schuster Caroline , Gollahon Lauren S. , Vanapalli Siva A.
Published: June 2018

There is growing recognition that cell deformability can play an important role in cancer metastasis and diagnostics. Advancement of methods to characterize cell deformability in a high throughput manner and the capacity to process numerous samples can impact cancer-related applications ranging from analysis of patient samples to discovery of anti-cancer compounds to screening of oncogenes. In this study, we report a microfluidic technique called multi-sample deformability cytometry (MS-DC) that allows simultaneous measurement of flow-induced deformation of cells in multiple samples at single-cell resolution using a combination of on-chip reservoirs, distributed pressure control, and data analysis system. Cells are introduced at rates of O(100) cells per second with a data processing speed of 10 min per sample. To validate MS-DC, we tested more than 50 cell-samples that include cancer cell lines with different metastatic potential and cells treated with several cytoskeletal-intervention drugs. Results from MS-DC show that (i) the cell deformability correlates with metastatic potential for both breast and prostate cancer cells but not with their molecular histotype, (ii) the strongly metastatic breast cancer cells have higher deformability than the weakly metastatic ones; however, the strongly metastatic prostate cancer cells have lower deformability than the weakly metastatic counterparts, and (iii) drug-induced disruption of the actin network, microtubule network, and actomyosin contractility increased cancer cell deformability, but stabilization of the cytoskeletal proteins does not alter deformability significantly. Our study demonstrates the capacity of MS-DC to mechanically phenotype tumor cells simultaneously in many samples for cancer research.
Pattern formation on ion-irradiated Si surface at energies where sputtering is negligible
Authors: Lopez-Cazalilla A. , Chowdhury D. , Ilinov A. , Mondal S. , Barman P. , Bhattacharyya S. R. , Ghose D. , Djurabekova F. , Nordlund K. , Norris S.
Published: June 2018

The effect of low energy irradiation, where the sputtering is imperceptible, has not been deeply studied in the pattern formation. In this work, we want to address this question by analyzing the nanoscale topography formation on a Si surface, which is irradiated at room temperature by Ar+ ions near the displacement threshold energy, for incidence angles ranging from 0° to 85°. The transition from the smooth to ripple patterned surface, i.e., the stability/instability bifurcation angle is observed at 55°, whereas the ripples with their wave-vector is parallel to the ion beam projection in the angular window of 60°–70°, and with 90° rotation with respect to the ion beam projection at the grazing angles of incidence. A similar irradiation setup has been simulated by means of molecular dynamics, which made it possible, first, to quantify the effect of the irradiation in terms of erosion and redistribution using sequential irradiation and, second, to evaluate the ripple wavelength using the crater function formalism. The ripple formation results can be solely attributed to the mass redistribution based mechanism, as erosion due to ion sputtering near or above the threshold energy is practically negligible.
Whispering gallery mode dielectric spectroscopy of SrLaAlO4 at milliKelvin temperatures
Authors: Hosain M. A. , Le Floch J.-M. , Krupka J. , Bourhill J. F. , Tobar M. E.
Published: June 2018

In this work, we excited microwave Whispering Gallery modes in single crystal SrLaAlO4 to characterise the dielectric properties from room to milliKelvin temperatures. Whispering Gallery modes behave as sensitive probes for monitoring anisotropic lattice behaviour by selective coupling to specific mode families of varying polarization. Measurements of Q-factor while cooling reveal important information on the temperature dependance of electromagnetic losses within the crystal, improving by two orders of magnitude from room temperature to 4 K to values of order 106. Quasi-transverse-electric modes show higher Q-factors than quasi-transverse-magnetic modes due to the biaxial anisotropy. The perpendicular and parallel relative permittivities are determined at room temperature to be ϵ⊥ = 16.843 ± 0.005 and ϵ∥=19.853±0.006 respectively, and 16.730 ± 0.005 and 19.602 ± 0.006 at 4 K, limited mainly by the accuracy of the dimensions of the crystal. Saturation states are observed with respect to microwave power below 4 K, which implies impurity ion electron spin interactions. Q-factors are degraded by an order of magnitude at mK temperatures and at very low input powers. At high magnetic fields between 3 to 7 T, the losses due to the spin impurities are reduced as a result of the high energy of spin polarization, eliminating unfilled two-level magnetic systems in their ground state, and improving the Q-factors back to values on the order of 106.
Bounds and estimates on eddy current losses in soft magnetic composites
Authors: Ren Xiaotao , Corcolle Romain , Daniel Laurent
Published: June 2018

Soft Magnetic Composites can be considered as a periodic pattern of circular fibers or spheres inside a matrix. In this paper, lower and upper bounds for eddy current (EC) losses are analytically deduced for these types of microstructures. Bounds are obtained from simple magnetic field averaging operations within the inclusions. The averaging manipulations rely on the determination of the effective permeability of the composite, which can be estimated using a homogenization strategy. Lower and upper estimates of EC losses are then obtained for more generic microstructures based on the definition of this effective permeability. Results are compared to Finite Element calculations. The model is then validated with experimental results from the literature.
Extreme wave statistics of counter-propagating, irregular, long-crested sea states
Authors: Støle-Hentschel Susanne , Trulsen Karsten , Rye Lisa Bæverfjord , Raustøl Anne
Published: June 2018

Extreme wave statistics of unidirectional and counter-propagating seas are investigated, for the special case of long-crested irregular waves, with laboratory experiments and with numerical simulations using the higher order spectral method. Both the kurtosis of the surface elevation and the exceedance probability of the crest height are larger in unidirectional seas than in counter-propagating seas. Numerical simulations show that even a small amount of wave energy travelling against an essentially unidirectional wave system can significantly reduce the kurtosis of the surface elevation.
Enhancing the magnetic moment of ferrimagnetic NiCo2O4 via ion irradiation driven oxygen vacancies
Authors: Pandey Parul , Bitla Yugandhar , Zschornak Matthias , Wang Mao , Xu Chi , Grenzer Jörg , Meyer Dirk-Carl , Chin Yi-Ying , Lin Hong-Ji , Chen Chien-Te , Gemming Sibylle , Helm Manfred , Chu Ying-Hao , Zhou Shengqiang
Published: June 2018

Ion irradiation has emerged as a powerful tool for the efficient control of uniaxial lattice expansion to fine tune and modulate the otherwise inaccessible complex correlated phases in oxide thin-films. We report the fine tuning of the magnetic moment, ferromagnetic-paramagnetic and metal-insulator transition temperatures in the NiCo2O4 inverse-spinel oxide by creating oxygen deficiencies, employing high energy He-ion irradiation. Tailoring of oxygen vacancies and consequently a uniaxial lattice expansion in the out-of-plane direction drives the system toward the increase of the magnetic moment by two-times in magnitude. The magnetic moment increases with the He-ion irradiation fluence up to 2.5 × 1016/cm2. Our results are corroborated well by spin-polarized electronic structure calculations with density functional theory and X-ray absorption spectroscopic data, which show peak-height change and energy shift of Co-L2,3 and Ni-L2,3 edges driven by the oxygen vacancies. These results demonstrate a new pathway of tailoring oxygen vacancies via He-ion irradiation, useful for designing new functionalities in other complex oxide thin-films.
Communication: Computing the Tolman length for solid-liquid interfaces
Authors: Cheng Bingqing , Ceriotti Michele
Published: June 2018

The curvature dependence of interfacial free energy, which is crucial in quantitatively predicting nucleation kinetics and the stability of bubbles and droplets, is quantified by the Tolman length δ. For solid-liquid interfaces, however, δ has never been computed directly due to various theoretical and practical challenges. Here we perform a direct evaluation of the Tolman length from atomistic simulations of a solid-liquid planar interface in out-of-equilibrium conditions, by first computing the surface tension from the amplitude of thermal capillary fluctuations of a localized version of the Gibbs dividing surface and by then calculating how much the surface energy changes when it is defined relative to the equimolar dividing surface. We computed δ for a model potential, and found a good agreement with the values indirectly inferred from nucleation simulations. The agreement not only validates our approach but also suggests that the nucleation free energy of the system can be perfectly described using classical nucleation theory if the Tolman length is taken into account.
Interfacial thermal conductance of buckling carbon nanotubes
Authors: Xu Ke , Zhang Jicheng , Hao Xiaoli , Wei Ning , Cao Xuezheng , Kang Yang , Cai Kun
Published: June 2018

Bond transition of sp2 to sp3 in carbon nanotube can be realized through bending operation at buckling location, which affects the electronic, mechanical and thermal properties of buckled carbon nanotube. In this work, thermal properties of buckled tri-walled carbon nanotube with sp3 bonds are explored using molecular dynamics. Our results reveal that interfacial thermal conductance at buckling location is sensitive to the bending angle, which decreases exponentially with increasing bending angle until 90 degree because of increasing the number of interlayer sp3 bonds. When the bending angle is beyond 90 degree, there are sp3 bonds formed on the outer-tube walls which provide new paths for heat transfer. The insight of mechanism of thermal properties is analyzed by determining atomic micro-heat flux scattering. Our findings provide a flexible and applicable method to design thermal management device. This unusual phenomenon is explained by the micro-heat flux migration and stress distributions.