bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Interaction Effect of Midday Napping Duration and Depressive Symptoms on Subjective Memory Impairment Among Elderly People in China: Evidence from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study Database
Authors: Tang Li , Wang Ya-qi , Zhan Na-ni , Li Can-Yang , Zhuang Zhuang , Lyu Qi-yuan , Xiong Peng
Published: March 2023

Background

Subjective memory impairment (SMI) is common in the elderly. We aimed to reveal the interaction effect of midday napping duration and depressive symptoms on the risk of SMI.

Methods

Using a dataset representative of the Chinese population from a longitudinal study of health and retirement in China, subjects with SMI were screened using the question “how do you feel about your memory now?” and the Mini-Mental State Examination. A logistic regression model was applied to explore the factors affecting SMI. Additive and multiplicative models were used to analyze the interaction effect of midday napping duration and depressive symptoms on the risk of SMI.

Results

We enrolled 8,254 subjects included and the incidence of SMI was 63.9%. Depressive symptoms, nap time, and physical activity were influencing factors of SMI. Midday napping duration and depressive symptoms had positive additive interaction effects on the risk of SMI. When extended-length naps and depressive symptoms coexisted, the risk of SMI was 1.06 times greater than that for either alone (RERI = 0.27, 95% CI = 0.07–0.43; AP = 0.14, 95% CI = 0.01–0.23; S = 1.06, 95% CI = 0.57–1.62). When short naps and depressive symptoms coexisted, the risk of SMI was 1.2 times higher than that for either alone (RERI = 0.12, 95% CI=-0.14–0.39; AP = 0.13, 95% CI=-0.07–0.22; S = 1.20, 95% CI = 0.79–1.82).

Limitations

Since this was a cross-sectional study, the cause-and-effect relationships between the associated variables cannot be inferred.

Conclusions

The interaction effect that exists between nap time and depressive symptoms in the elderly is important for the identification and early intervention of people at risk for SMI.
Cataract surgery with new monofocal intraocular lens enhanced for intermediate vision and standard monofocal intraocular lens for retinal disorder
Authors: Hwang Hye Seong , Lee Hwanho , Park Jin Hyoung , Chae Ju Byung , Kim Dong Yoon
Published: March 2023

AIM

To investigate the difference in the initial surgical results between a new monofocal intraocular lens (IOL) with enhanced intermediate vision and the standard monofocal IOL in patients with retinal disease.

METHODS

We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients with retinal disease who underwent cataract surgery due to accompanying cataracts. Preoperative best corrected distant visual acuity, spherical equivalent(SE), and types of retinal diseases were investigated. The surgical results were investigated using uncorrected visual acuity(UCVA) and SE at 1 day, 1 week, and 1 month after surgery.

RESUTLS

Seventeen eyes treated with a new monofocal IOL enhanced for intermediate vision (ICB00 group) and 18 eyes treated with the standard monofocal IOL (AAB00 group) were included in this study. There were no significant differences in the baseline characteristics, including the type of underlying retinal disease, between the groups. There were no significant differences between the groups in terms of distant, intermediate, or near UCVA at day 1 and week 1 after surgery. However, at 1 month after surgery, the ICB00 group showed a significantly better intermediate vision improvement than the AAB00 group (p = 0.001).

CONCLUSION

Even in patients with cataract accompanied by retinal disease, the use of the ICB00 IOL showed significant improvement in intermediate vision compared to the use of the AAB00 (standard monofocal) IOL. The ICB00 IOL might be a good option for patients with cataract and retinal disease in the era of increased intermediate vision needs in daily life.
Functional Outcomes of Young Adults Undergoing Total Knee Replacement – a Systematic Review of the Literature and Meta- Analysis
Authors: Restrepo Ana María Diaz , Morales Jorge Rolando Ortiz , Gutiérrez Giancarlo Buitrago , López Jhon Fredy Castañeda
Published: March 2023

Introduction.
With the increase in primary arthroplasties in young patients, various studies have emerged about revision rates, arthrofibrosis and others, but there is nothing about functional results, which is why the research question arises: How are the functional results and the return to work activities of young adult patients (19–65 yo) who undergo primary knee arthroplasty?
Methods & materials.
A systematic review of the literature was performed using the key words defined by the research group. Data was recorded concerning the type of study and the outcome measurements, complications and real results.
Results.
72 articles included. The results show that there is significant variability in the outcomes in the literature on TKA regarding functionality and few reports of return to work activity. There is evidence in favor of intervening young patients, however, new studies should be carried out with standardization of the results.
Conclusions.
This is a study with an Evidence Level of I; its clinical importance lies in the fact that there are currently no studies focused on determining the functional results and the reinstatement into work for Young adult who undergo primary TKA, and this study offers promising results.
Diabetic Retinopathy Classification Using a Multi-Attention Residual Architecture
Authors: Jin Li , Wang Zijian , Su Yifei , Fang Zhaohui , Lu Haimei , Kan Hongxing
Published: March 2023

Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is a complication caused by diabetes that can destroy the retina, leading to blurred vision and even blindness. We proposed a deep neural network to classify DR at different stages. The design philosophy of the network is based on classical residual networks. We used a multi-attention mechanism to improve the model's attention for lesion detection. Our proposed network uses a novel down-sampling method that enhances the receptive field size of the model. We introduced Squeeze-to-Excitation blocks to increase the complexity of the model and thus theoretically increase the representational power of the model. The experimental results show that the performance of our model is about 1%-2% higher than other models on the EyePACS test set. The method helps enhance the discrimination ability of the model for non-healthy retinal images and has specific clinical application value.
Prediction of Rock Burst Intensity Based on Multi-Source Evidence Weight and Error-Eliminating Theory
Authors: Wu Shuliang , Yan Qisheng , Tian Sen , Huang Wengang
Published: March 2023

Rock burst is the main geological hazard in deep underground engineering. For the prediction of the intensity of rock burst, a model for prediction of rock burst intensity on the basis of multi-source evidence weight and error-eliminating theory was established. Four indexes including the ratio of rock′s compressive-tensile strength σc/σt , the stress coefficient of rock σθ/σc, the elastic energy index of rock Wet and integrality coefficient Kv were chosen as the prediction variables of rock burst, the index weights are calculated by different weighting methods, and fused with evidence theory to determine the final weight of each index. According to the theory of error-eliminating, taking no rock burst as the objective and using the error function to processed 18 sets of typical rock burst data at home and abroad, and the weight of evidence fusion as the normalized index limit loss value, and a model for prediction of rock burst intensity was build. It is verified by the actual situation and three other models. Finally, the model has been applied to rock burst prediction of Zhongnanshan tunnel ventilation shaft. The results show that evidence theory fuses multi-source index weights and improves the method of determining index weights. The index value is processed by Error-eliminating theory, and the limit value problem of index value normalization is optimized. The predicted results of the proposed model are consistent with the situation of Zhongnanshan tunnel. It improves the objectivity of the rock burst prediction process and provides a research idea for rock burst intensity prediction index.
Enteric parasites in free-living Mediterranean pond turtle (Mauremys leprosa leprosa) in contrasted areas (naturel vs polluted) from central-western of Morocco
Authors: Laghzaoui El-Mustapha , Amahmid Omar , Mouden El Hassan El
Published: March 2023

The objective of this study is to assess the occurrence of intestinal parasites in Mediterranean pond turtle Mauremys leprosa leprosa collected from three contrasting environments in Morocco. Stool samples from 92 turtles were examined for parasite detection and enumeration. The identified intestinal parasites belong to helminths (Oxyurids and Ascarid) and protozoa (Entamoebidae). 27.17% of turtles were found to be infected by helminths and/or protozoan parasites. No adult form of these parasites has been detected. Oxyurid and ascarid eggs were found in individuals of populations studied from Oued Ksob (23.07% - 30.76%) and Oued Zat (34.14% - 24.39%), respectively. For protozoa, Entamoeba cysts were common in turtles in Oued Ksob (15.38%), Oued Zat (12.19%) and Oued Tensift (5.26%) localities. Oxyurid eggs showed the highest intensity at Oued Zat reaching 29.30 ± 59.59 EPG, versus 12 ± 0.38 EPG for Ascaris eggs in Oued Ksob. Entamoeba cysts were detected in lower levels with a maximum of 1.66 ± 1.50 CPG, in Oued Zat. The prevalence of turtles eliminating eggs was statistically significant between localities for different parasite groups. This study reports for the first time a parasitological characterization of gastro-intestinal parasites in wild populations of M. leprosa leprosa from contrasting environments, suggesting a relationship between turtles’ infestation and the quality of their living environment.
Novel intrathoracic irrigation using ultrafine ozone bubbles in a rat empyema model
Authors: IKEDA Masaki , Yutaka Yojiro , Chen-Yoshikawa Toyofumi , Tanaka Michio , Yamamoto Masaki , Tanaka Satona , Yamada Yoshito , Ohsumi Akihiro , Nakajima Daisuke , Hamaji Masatsugu , Yoshizawa Akihiko , Kusaka Eishi , Nagao Miki , Date Hiroshi
Published: March 2023

Dissolved ozone is generally used for sanitization, but it has not been used for thoracic cavity sanitization because of its short half-life (< 20 min) and possible toxicity. We developed a novel solution containing ultrafine ozone bubbles (ozone-UFB) with a 5-fold longer half-life than non-UFB ozone. Using an in vitro model, Staphylococcus aureus colonies were counted after exposure to ozone-UFB or non-UFB ozone at the same ozone concentration (0.4 mg/L). The colony count was significantly lower in the ozone-UFB group than in the non-UFB ozone group (p = 0.034). The effect of repeated pleural irrigation using ozone-UFB and saline was compared in a rat empyema model of S. aureus infection. The bacterial count in the pleural effusion was decreased by at least 5-fold following intrathoracic lavage with ozone-UFB (3 mg/L). To examine the safety of ozone-UFB for intrathoracic use, ozone-UFB with a higher ozone concentration (10 mg/L) was injected into the thoracic cavities of normal rats. The treatment did not result in any specific pleural damage or elevated serum interleukin-6 concentrations. The findings highlighted the efficacy and safety of ozone-UFB for intrathoracic sanitization, but further studies are needed to determine the optimal therapeutic ozone concentration with appropriate safety margins.
Infantile Fibrosarcoma of the Perineum with Dorsal Metastasis in a Neonate: A Case Report Original
Authors: Geng Juan , Chen Dan , Wang Limin , Liu Xiangjiao , Chen Wenjing , Gao Hongyi , Xiao Shangjie
Published: March 2023

Background
Infantile fibrosarcoma is a rare pediatric soft tissue tumor and usually appears in children before one year of age. Distal extremities constitute the most frequently affected locations, and other tissues such as the trunk, head and neck, gut, sacrococcygeal region, and viscera are uncommon sites.
Case presentation
We describe a rare case of infantile fibrosarcoma arising from the perineum. First, a cystic mass was detected using prenatal ultrasonography, and then an echo was changed in serial ultrasound examinations. A solid cystic lesion was found at term; a hypoechoic lesion occurred in the back. The tumor became so large that massive bleeding occurred, which then underwent surgical resection. Pathological examination confirmed infantile fibrosarcoma.
Conclusion
Our report demonstrates not all ultrasonographic findings in cases of infantile fibrosarcoma exhibit a solid mass during the initial examination — an early-stage lesion may reveal a cystic echo. Infantile fibrosarcoma has a good prognosis and surgery constitute the main treatment, with adjuvant chemotherapy being received if necessary.
An Integrated Control Framework for Torque Vectoring and Active Suspension System
Authors: Feng Jiwei , Liang Jinhao , Lu Yanbo , Zhuang Weichao , Pi Dawei , YIN Guodong , Xu Liwei , Peng Pai , Zhou Chaobin
Published: March 2023

Four-wheel independently driven electric vehicles (FWID-EV) endow a flexible and scalable control framework to improve the vehicle performance. This paper integrates the torque vectoring and active suspension system (ASS) for the straight-ahead driving condition, which aims to enhance the vehicle longitudinal and vertical motions control. The nonlinear characteristic of the tire model leads to a heavier computational burden during the optimization. To facilitate the controller design and ease the load, a half-vehicle dynamics system is built and simplified by a linear-time-varying (LTV) model. Then a model predictive controller is developed and its objective function is formulated by comprehensively considering the safety, energy-saving and comfort. The in-wheel motor efficiency and the power loss of tire slip are treated as optimization indices in this work to reduce the energy consumption. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed controller is verified through the rapid- control-prototype (RCP) test. The results demonstrate the enhancement of the energy-saving as well as comfort on the basis of the vehicle stability.
Evaluation of the safety and feasibility of electrochemotherapy with intravenous bleomycin as local treatment of bladder cancer in dogs
Authors: Rangel Marcelo Monte Mor , Linhares Laís Calazans Menescal , Oliveira Krishna Duro , Suzuki Daniela Ota Hisayasu , Maglietti Felipe Horacio , De Nardi Andrigo Barboza
Published: March 2023

Local treatment of canine urothelial carcinoma (UC) of the bladder is a challenge. More than 90% of cases arise as muscle-invasive tumors, with more than 50% developing on bladder sites with a difficult surgical approach often requiring radical procedures. This study aimed to evaluate the safety and feasibility of electrochemotherapy (ECT) with intravenous bleomycin (BLM) as selective local therapy for bladder UC. This prospective study included 21 dogs with spontaneous bladder UC. Neoplastic infiltration in the serosa layer was considered the main exclusion criterion. No patient died during ECT or in the immediate postoperative period, and no patient presented with suture dehiscence. Most dogs (19/21) developed mild adverse effects, whereas two dogs developed ureteral stenosis. Complete response (CR) was achieved in 62% of the dogs (13/21), while partial response (PR) was achieved in 24% (5/21). The mean survival and disease-free survival times were 420 and 405 days, respectively. Overall survival was significantly better in the patients who achieved CR. ECT was well-tolerated in dogs with UC, demonstrating its safety and feasibility. These data pave the way for new studies aimed at evaluating the effectiveness of ECT in canine bladder UC as a translational model for human disease.
Gain-of-function p53 R175H blocks apoptosis in a precursor model of ovarian high-grade serous carcinoma
Authors: Haagsma Jacob , Kolendowski Bart , Buensuceso Adrian , Valdes Yudith R. , DiMattia Gabriel E. , Shepherd Trevor G.
Published: March 2023

Ovarian high-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC) is a highly lethal malignancy for which early detection is a challenge and treatment of late-stage disease is ineffective. HGSC initiation involves exfoliation of fallopian tube epithelial (FTE) cells which form multicellular clusters called spheroids that colonize and invade the ovary. HGSC contains universal mutation of the tumour suppressor gene TP53. However, not all TP53 mutations are the same, as specific p53 missense mutants contain gain-of-function (GOF) properties that drive tumour formation. Additionally, the role of GOF p53 in spheroid-mediated spread is poorly understood. In this study, we developed and characterized an in vitro model of HGSC based on mutation of TP53 in mouse oviductal epithelial cells (OVE). By culturing OVE cells as spheroids, we discovered increased spheroid survival and transformation properties in spheroids expressing the missense mutant p53R175H compared to parental spheroids and spheroids with Trp53 deletion. Transcriptomic analysis on spheroids identified decreased apoptosis signaling due to p53R175H. Further assessment of the apoptosis pathway demonstrated decreased expression of intrinsic and extrinsic apoptosis signaling molecules due to Trp53 deletion and p53R175H, but Caspase-3 activation was only decreased in spheroids with p53R175H. These results highlight this model as a useful tool for discovering early HGSC transformation mechanisms and uncover a potential anti-apoptosis GOF mechanism of p53R175H.
Implementation of an educational video to improve examination skills in Neuromuscular disorders
Authors: Quiles Rocio Nur Villar , Bouaoud Jebrane , Foy Jean Philippe , Behin Anthony , Nguyen Tan Mai , Masingue Marion , Iniesto Miguel , Stojkovic Tanya , Idbaih Ahmed
Published: March 2023

Background:The acquisition of practical skills is one of the main objectives of medical education. Multimedia learning tools have proven to be effective and attractive in the field of medical education and video tools can contribute to the learning of different clinical skills. Our aim is to develop a video on the learning of the neuromuscular (NM) examination for medical students.Methods:We created a 18-minutes video showing a systematic NM examination, the main pathological signs and their semiological/topographical value. 27 medical students (group A) watched the NM video and filled out a NM and a control questionnaires before and after the viewing. A control group (termed B, n= 15) filled out both questionnaires before and after watching a control video. Students from the NM group also completed a survey on the utility of the video.Results:After viewing of the NM video, the group A students significantly improved their score on the NM questionnaire (6.36 ± 1.62 vs 9.12 ± 0.69, p <0.001) but not on the control questionnaire (3.58 ± 1.49 vs 3.59 ± 1.72, p=0.868). Conversely, the group B students significantly improved their score on the control questionnaire (6.03 ± 1.39 vs 8.22 ± 1.12, p<0.0001) but not on the NM questionnaire (6.16 ± 1.67 vs 6.06 ± 2.0, p=0.889). The students self-scored their knowledge in NM at 5/10 and 7.4/10 on a visual analogue scale (VAS) before and after watching the NM video respectively. The overall usefulness of the NM video was scored 8.7/10. It was considered useful mainly for consolidating learning of the NM examination, illustrating rare semiological signs, preparing for practical evaluations and reinforcing confidence before meeting patients.Conclusions:Our video is well appreciated and useful to self-learning the NM examination and to strengthen students' self-confidence. Improving knowledge and skills is essential for optimizing early diagnosis and management of patients suffering from rare diseases such as NM diseases. Thus, video tools are suitable and relevant to improve practical skills and could be effectively used to complement classical teaching methods in the NM field.
Lessons from the Global Fund-Supported Procurement and Supply Chain Investments in Zimbabwe: a mixed methods study
Authors: Lesego Abaleng , Were Lawrence , Tsegaye Tsion , Rafiu Idris , Morrison Linden , Peterson Tatjana , Elhussein Sheza , Antonio Esther , Magwindiri Godfrey , Dumba Ivan , Mtambirwa Cleyland , Madzikwa Newman , Simbi Raiva , Ndlovu Misheck , Achoki Tom
Published: March 2023

Introduction
Access to essential medicines, vaccines and other health technologies are strategic pillars of any health system. To this end, the Global Fund partnered with the Zimbabwean government to provide end-to-end support to strengthen the procurement and supply chain within the health system. This was accomplished through a series of strategic interventions that included infrastructure and fleet improvement, training of personnel, modern equipment acquisition and warehouse optimisation.
Methods
The impact assessment employed a convergent mixed methods design, that combines quantitative and qualitative research methods. The quantitative part entailed the analysis of program data covering the period 2018 – 2021. The qualitative part comprised key informant interviews using a structured questionnaire. Informants included stakeholders that were privy to the Global Fund-supported initiatives in Zimbabwe. The data collected through the interviews were transcribed in full and subjected to thematic content analysis.
Results
Over 90% of public health facilities were covered by the procurement and distribution system. Timeliness of order fulfilment (within 90 days) at the facility level improved from an average of 42% to over 90% within the 4-year implementation period. Stockout rates for HIV drugs and test kits declined by 14% and 49% respectively. Population coverage for HIV treatment for both adults and children remained consistently high despite the increasing prevalence of people living with HIV. The value of expired commodities was reduced by 93% over the 4-year period.
Further, there was consensus that support from Global Fund was instrumental in improving the country's procurement and supply chain capacity. Key areas identified include improved infrastructure and equipment, data and information systems, health workforce and financing. The majority of the participants also cited the Global Fund-supported warehouse optimization as critical to improving inventory management practices.
Discussion
Government and the health donor community, need to collaborate through joint planning and implementation in order to strengthen health systems. Organizational autonomy and sharing of best practices in management while strengthening accountability systems are fundamentally important in the efforts to build institutional capacity.
Transcranial photosensitiser-free laser treatment of glioblastoma in rat brain
Authors: Semyachkina-Glushkovskaya Oxana , Sokolovski Sergei , Noghero Alessio , Bragin Denis , Bragina Olga , Fedosov Ivan , Shirokov Alexander , Navolokin Nikita , Bucharskaya Alla , Khorovodov Alexander , Blokina Inna , Terskov Andrey , Dubrovski Alexander , Telnova Valeria , Tsoy Maria , Borisova Ekaterina , Kurths Jurgen , Rafailov Edik
Published: March 2023

For sixty years, laser technologies have undergone a technological revolution and become one of the main tools in biomedicine, particularly in neuroscience, neurodegenerative diseases and brain tumours. Glioblastoma is the most lethal form of brain cancer with very limited treatment options and a poor prognosis. In this study on rats we demonstrate that the glioblastoma (GBM) growth can be suppressed by photosensitiser-free laser-treatment (PS-free-LT) using a quantum-dot based 1267 nm laser diode. This wavelength, highly absorbed by oxygen, is capable of turning triplet oxygen to singlet form. Applying the 1267nm laser irradiation for a 4 week course with a total dose of 12.7 kJ/cm2firmly suppresses GBM growth and increases the survival rate from 34% up to 64%, presumably via the LT-activated apoptosis, inhibition of proliferation of the tumour cells, reduction of the intracranial pressure and stimulation of the lymphatic drainage and clearing functions. The PS-free-LT is promising breakthrough technology when developed and clinically approved becomes a successful non- or minimally-invasive therapy for superficial GBMs in infants as well as in adult patients with high photosensitive or an allergic reaction to PSs.
The high strength cable truss system control of the surrounding coal roadway excavated in regions left intensively mining-induced stresses
Authors: Xu Zhijun , Li Chong , Tai Lianhai , Yan Hong
Published: March 2023

The layout of coal roadways in the high stress concentration area is a typical coal roadway difficult to control problem, solving this problem is crucial to ensuring safe production in coal mines. This paper takes a typical roadway of Zhongxing Coal Industry in Fenxi, Shanxi Province as an example to monitor the on-site mine pressure of the deformation and failure characteristics of the surrounding rock during the excavation of the roadway. At the same time, a top-gang high-strength double-anchor cable truss support system with high preload is proposed, and its control mechanism and structural characteristics are analyzed in detail. Flac3D numerical simulation was used to analyze the stress distribution characteristics of roadway in the strong mining stress concentration zone, the new support scheme of 1409 airway with the top gang high-strength double anchor cable truss system as the core was finally determined,and industrial tests are carried out on site. The test results show that the roof-to-floor convergence and rib-to-rib convergence are not higher than 79mm and 191mm, respectively, and the surrounding rock control effect of the roadway is remarkable, and the surrounding rock deformation of the 1409 airway is effectively controlled. The support control technology system can provide certain reference value for roadways with similar production geological conditions.
Predicting urban food consumption patterns using power law scaling
Authors: West Jason
Published: March 2023

Power law scaling has been reliably used to project the growth of socio-economic factors in cities as a function of population. We apply a variant of power law scaling to differentiate consumption patterns across major food and fiber categories in growing urban environments relative to rural environments. Using data from China over a 36-year period, we empirically demonstrate that there is a systematic dependence of urban food consumption on city population size. We derive a general function of food consumption based on the rate of urbanization that behaves with quantitative regularity. We further show the contrast between rural and urban food consumption, manifest by urban efficiency gains, which also displays quantifiable scaling relationships. In urban areas, we find that meat consumption increases by 70–80 percent while grain and vegetable consumption declines by 16 percent with each doubling of the population. There is no implicit suggestion of a causal relation between urban scaling and urban consumption; rather, the scaling approach reveals a systematic relationship between urban population size and food consumption patterns. The scaling of wealth creation may dictate affordability and desirability, but without the efficiencies achieved through scale, urban food consumption would remain constrained.
JEL codes: Q11, Q18, R10
Accelerated Arctic warming causes Eurasian cooling via nonlinear feedback of reduced synoptic eddy activities in winter
Authors: Yin Manman , Yang Xiu-Qun , Sang Xiaozhuo , Tao Lingfeng , Sun Linyuan , Fang Jiabei , Sun Xuguang , Wang Huijun
Published: March 2023

The Arctic has been experiencing an accelerated/amplified wintertime warming almost synchronously with a cooling in Eurasia during recent decades. Whether and how the warming can cause the Eurasian cooling remains under debate. By identifying daily Arctic warming events on different timescales, we investigate such a causality from a nonlinear perspective and propose a novel mechanism explaining the causality in which a cross-timescale dynamical feedback of daily weather disturbances referred to as synoptic eddies onto mean state is found to be critical. We find direct observational evidence that the Eurasian cooling not only in magnitude but in occurrence frequency is a response to those Arctic warming events with a 2-day lag. We further find that the Arctic warming causes a large reduction of synoptic eddy activities along around 60oN which tend to produce a meridional dipole in geopotential height anomalies characterized by an equivalent barotropic anomalous low (high) and a lower-level cooling (warming) over Eurasia (the Arctic) via nonlinear eddy-to-mean flow feedback in terms of the QGPV dynamics. The eddy feedback-induced near-surface northeasterly anomalies enlarge the Eurasian cooling via increasing cold temperature advection.
Efficient Multichannel in XML Wireless Broadcast Stream
Authors: Khatibi Arezoo , Khatibi Omid
Published: March 2023

In this paper, we recommend the use of multi-channel for XML data in wireless broadcasting. First, we divide XML data into information units as buckets, then extract path information (XPath) for any unit and build an index tree from the data path. Finally, we make a wireless data stream by merging parts of an index tree and parts of XML data in multichannel XML. Then, we create a protocol that allows mobile users access to the wireless XML stream generated with our method. We study 11 channels on server side and three orthogonal channels in client side.
Attosecond probing and control of charge migration in carbon-chain molecule
Authors: Lan Pengfei , He Lixin , He Yanqing , Sun Siqi , Goetz Esteban , Le Anh-Thu , Zhu Xiaosong , Lu Peixiang , Lin Chii-Dong
Published: March 2023

In quantum mechanics, when an electron is quickly ripped off from a molecule, a superposition of new eigenstates of the cation creates an electron wave packet that governs the charge flow inside which has been called charge migration (CM). Experimentally, to extract such dynamics at its natural (attoseconds) timescale is quite difficult. Here, we report the first such experiment in a linear carbon-chain molecule,
butadiyne (C4H2), via high harmonic spectroscopy (HHS). By employing advanced theoretical and computational tools, we showed that the wave packet and the CM of a single molecule is reconstructed from the harmonic spectra for each fixed-in-space
angle of the molecule. For this one-dimensional molecule, we calculate the center of charge (t) to obtain v_{cm}, to quantify the migration speed and how it depends on the orientation angle. The findings also uncover how the electron dynamics at the first few-tens to hundreds attoseconds depends on molecular structure. The method can be extended to other molecules where HHS technique can be employed.
Ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) of antioxidant phenolics from Corchorus olitorius leaves: A response surface optimization
Authors: Biswas Ashok , Dey Susmita , Huang Siqi , Xiao Aiping , Zhang Jiangjiang , Birhanie Ziggiju Mesenbet , Deng Yong , Liu Liangliang , Li Defang
Published: March 2023

This study was conducted to optimize the ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) parameters for total flavonoids and total polyphenols content from Corchorus olitorius leaves employing response surface methodology (RSM). Based on single-factor investigations, a four-factor-five-level Central Composite Design (CCD) with 30 experimental runs has been applied. Results demonstrated that all models were significant and had good accuracy of polynomial quadratic equations (p < 0.05) with a non-significant lack of fit at p > 0.05 and adjusted regression coefficient (R2) is > 0.95. Under the optimized conditions, the highest extraction yield of total flavonoids (TFC) (7.17 mg QE/g DW) and total polyphenol content (TPC) (13.92 mg GAE/g DW) were recorded with the ethanol concentration 70.92%, temperature 68.06 ºC, liquid-solid ratio 48.80 mL/mg, and ultrasound irradiation time 37.20 min. The optimum value of TFC (6.96 mg QE/g DW) and TPC (13.38 mg GAE/g DW) from the experiment of validation of optimized conditions, that were close to the predicted value and significantly superior to the conventional heat reflux extraction (HRE). Furthermore, the antioxidant test of the leaves extracts revealed an excellent 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH•), 2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS+•) and hydroxyl radical scavenging with IC50 values of 226.29, 199.53 and 402.02 µg/mL, respectively. The results indicate that optimization of UAE extraction conditions is essential for recovery of bioactive compounds in pharmaceuticals and food industries.
Evolution of promoter-proximal pausing enabled a new layer of transcription control
Authors: Danko Charles , Chivu Alexandra , Abuhashem Abderhman , Barshad Gilad , Rice Edward , Leger Michelle , Vill Albert , Wong Wilfred , Brady Rebecca , Smith Jeramiah , Wikramanayake Athula , Arenas-Mena César , Brito Ilana , Ruiz-Trillo Iñaki , Hadjantonakis Anna-Katerina , Lis John , Lewis James
Published: March 2023

Promoter-proximal pausing of RNA polymerase II (Pol II) is a key regulatory step during transcription. Despite the central role of pausing in gene regulation, we do not understand the evolutionary processes that led to the emergence of Pol II pausing or its transition to a rate-limiting step actively controlled by transcription factors. Here we analyzed transcription in species across the tree of life. We found that unicellular eukaryotes display a slow acceleration of Pol II near transcription start sites. This proto-paused-like state transitioned to a longer, focused pause in derived metazoans which coincided with the evolution of new subunits in the NELF and 7SK complexes. Depletion of NELF reverts the mammalian focal pause to a proto-pause-like state and compromises transcriptional activation for a set of heat shock genes. Collectively, this work details the evolutionary history of Pol II pausing and sheds light on how new transcriptional regulatory mechanisms evolve.
A Prognostic Model Based on Nutritional Indexes for Patients with Pan-Cancer: A Real-World Cohort Study
Authors: Zheng Lin , Yu Qian-Qian , Ruan Wen-Bin , Chen Jin , Deng Qing-Hua , Zhang Ke , Jiang Xu-Li , Jiang Wen-Jun , Cai Dan-Na , He Chen-Jie , Wang Yu-Feng , Jiang Shen-Li , Chen Ming-Cong , You Guang-Xian , Ying Rong-Biao , Zhou Zhi-Rui
Published: March 2023

Background
We aimed to identify the nutritional indexes, construct a prognostic model, and develop a nomogram for predicting individual survival probability in pan-cancers.
Methods
We collected nutritional indicators, clinicopathological characteristics, and previous major treatment details of the patients. The enrolled patients were randomly divided into training and validation cohorts. Lasso regression cross-validation was used to determine the variables to include in the cox regression model. The training cohort was used to build the prediction model, and the validation cohort was used to further verify the discrimination, calibration and clinical effectiveness of the model.
Results
A total of 2,020 patients were included. The median OS was 56.50 months (95% CI, 50.36–62.65 months). In the training cohort of 1,425 patients, through Lasso regression cross-validation, thirteen characteristics were included in the model. Cox proportional hazards model was developed and visualized as a nomogram. The C-indexes of the model for predicting 1-, 3-, 5- and 10-year OS were 0.848, 0.826, 0.814 and 0.799 in the training cohort and 0.851, 0.819, 0.814, and 0.801 in the validation cohort. The model showed great calibration in the two cohorts. Patients with a score of less than 274.29 had a better prognosis (training cohort: HR, 6.932; 95% CI, 5.723–8.397; log-rank P < 0.001; validation cohort: HR, 8.429; 95% CI, 6.180-11.497; log-rank P < 0.001).
Conclusions
The prognostic model based on the nutritional indexes of pan-cancer can divide patients into different survival risk groups and performed well in validation cohort.
MOF-Derived Highly Active Co-N-C Hybrid Arrays for Efficient Hydrogen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Wang Ruijing , Jiang Lijuan , Wang Qunlong , Wei Guang-Feng , Wang Xuefeng
Published: March 2023

The design of efficient catalysts with abundant active sites is fascinating but still is a great challenge for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Herein, a highly active Co-N-C hybrid array on nickel foam (Co-NCNT/NF) was constructed to enhance the HER activity. The 3D hydroxide nanosheets were utilized as a template and reactant to form the ordered ZIF-8 array by a solid-liquid interfacial release of Zn ions and coordination reaction, and the growth of ZIF-67 on the surface of ZIF-8 arrays assures the introduction of cobalt species into the precursor, catalyzing the formation of active Co-N-C sites. Based on the structure analysis and density functional theory calculations, an optimal configuration of the cobalt (111) face coated by carbon layer with one Co atom coordination to one N and C reveals a multi-site nature of the designed Co-NCNT/NF catalyst, which provided the improved conductivity, 3D hierarchical structure, the uniform distribution and efficient exposure of active Co-N-C sites. A small overpotential of 157 mV at a current density of -10 mA cm− 2 for HER in 1 M KOH was obtained, proving that the optimized proton adsorption on the multi-sites structure promotes the HER activity of Co-NCNT/NF.
Resident physician duty hours, resting times and European Working Time Directive compliance in Spain: a cross sectional study.
Authors: Sanchez Domingo Antonio , Carrasco Juan Pablo , Estrella Pablo , Ruiz Rafael , Aginagalde Adrian Hugo , Garcia Eva , Navarro Joaquin , Cerame Álvaro
Published: March 2023

Background: There is a growing interest in understanding the impact of duty hours and resting times on training outcomes and the wellbeing of resident physicians. However, to this date no state-wide analysis exists in any European country.
Objectives: Our aim is to describe the shift work scheduling and to detail the degree of compliance with the Spanish legislation and the European Working Time Directive (EWTD) of Spanish resident physicians, focusing on territorial and specialty distribution.
Material and methods:A descriptive cross-sectional analytical study was designed through an online survey adapted from the existing literature.
Results: Out of the 2,035 surveyed resident physicians undergoing PGT in Spain, 80.49% exceeded the 48h per week limit set by the EWTD and 13% of them did not rest after a 24h on-call shift. The mean number of on-call shifts per month was 5.10, with the highest mean reported in Asturias, La Rioja, and Extremadura. 51.6% of respondents had a day-off after a Saturday on-call shift. Significant differences are observed by region and type of specialty.
Conclusion: Resident physicians in Spain greatly exceed the established 48h/week EWTD limit. Likewise, non-compliance with labor regulations regarding mandatory rest after on-call duty and minimum weekly rest periods are observed.
Lightweight improvement of YOLOv6 algorithm for small target detection
Authors: Wei Jianguo , Qu Yi
Published: March 2023

At present, there are still many obstacles for small target detection in the field of computer vision. Although the existing
target detection technology can extract the semantic information of small targets by multi-scale fusion and other methods,
the detection speed still needs some improvements. In this paper, the target detection algorithm of YOLOv6 is improved
by lightweight. On the basis of VGNetG architecture, a lighter Backbone is redesigned, and ECA attention mechanism with
extended position information is introduced to make up for some loss in detection accuracy, so as to ensure that the model can
obtain lower computation without obvious decrease in detection accuracy. According to the test experiment of DOTA, a public
data set, the FPS of VE-YOLOv6 proposed in this paper increases by 196, and the model computation and parameter number
decrease by 2.91 and 0.8M, respectively, when the mAP decrease is not obvious with the original YOLOv6 algorithm.
Electrocatalytic Reductive Deuteration of (Hetero)Arenes
Authors: Lei Aiwen , Bu Faxiang , Deng Yuqi , Xu Jie , Yang Dali , Li Yan , Li Wu
Published: March 2023

The incorporation of deuterium to organic molecules have widespread applications in medicinal chemistry and material science1,2. For example, deuterated drugs e.g. Austedo3, Donafenib4 and Sotyktu5 have been approved, recently. Because of all these applications, developing methodologies for the synthesis of deuterated compounds with high deuterium ratios is highly desirable6. However, reductive deuteration of aromatic hydrocarbons, which are ubiquitous skeletal features in inert chemical feedstocks, to saturated cyclic compounds, including heterocyclic skeletons has been rarely achieved. So far, only few methods have been reported for direct reductive deuteration using stoichiometric strong reducing agents or D2. Here, we describe a scalable and general electrocatalytic method for the reductive deuteration and deuterodefluorination of (hetero)arenes using a prepared nitrogen doped electrode and D2O, giving perdeuterated and saturated deuterocarbons. This protocol has been successfully applied to the high incorporation of deuterium in 13 drugs.
Optimization, synthesis, and characterization of co-electrospinning cellulose acetate/thermoplastic polyurethanes composite membrane for photodynamic antibacterial application
Authors: Hu Xianjin , Li Ting-Ting , Yang Lu , Zhang Ying , Shen Baolei , Ren Hai-Tao , Lin Jia-Horng , Lou Ching-Wen
Published: March 2023

Photodynamic antibacterial composite membranes were engineered by integrating photosensitizer/ antibacterial agent, into the polyurethane adhesive blend and coating the blend on co-electrospinning cellulose acetate(CA)/thermoplastic polyurethanes(TPU) composite membrane support for enhanced antibacterial performance. The central composite design (CCD) method based on the response surface method (RSM) was used for analysis to illustrate the influence of important variables. The optimized parameters of CCD were TPU (wt%) 22.64%, CA (wt%) 18.63, DMAC/acetone volume ratio 0.85, LiCl (wt%) 0.95%, voltage (kV) 23.33kV. Fiber diameter was the key response process output variable. The membranes were characterized by SEM, XPS, and molecular structure analyses. The model had excellent applicability as a tool to realize the average diameter of the CA/TPU bicomponent electrospun membrane. Results showed that after coating, the synergistic effects of photodynamic antibacterial and antibacterial agent performance on the Antibacterial composite membrane were achieved under ordinary daylight irradiation. The sterilization rate ofS. aureusandE. colicould achieve excellence at 99.2% and 93.4%, respectively. This method of preparing photodynamic antibacterial composite film provides a new direction for the design of medical antibacterial protective materials.
Grundy Number based Optimal Sensor Placement in 3D Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: S Afizudeen , R Pavithra
Published: March 2023

Wireless sensor network (WSN) is recent occurrence in various domestic and industrial areas to collect reliable data using inter-linked intelligent sensors. The deployment of more sensors has an impact on the environment and consumes more energy since, these sensors communicate and transmits the data wirelessly. Thus, the efficient placement of sensors maximizes the network lifetime and minimizes the energy consumption. Many previous works of literature are replete with studies on coverage and connectivity satisfying Quality of Service (QoS) requirements in a two-dimensional area. In some applications that operate in real-time environment, the sensors are usually placed over three-dimensional volume. Hence, this paper focuses on coverage and connectivity problem which obliged under target Q-coverage constraint in 3D-terrain. A Grundy Number based DeterministicSensor Deployment (GN-DSD) algorithm is proposed to identify the sensor requirements and its optimal coordinates to achieve coverage requirement for targets. Additionally, a relay node deployment method is proposed to improve the network connectivity in 3D-terrain using Breadth First Search approach. Further, to increase the optimality for sensor coordinates, Grundy Number based Random Deployment algorithm (GN-RDA), Grundy Number based Cuckoo Search algorithm (GN-CSA) and Grundy Number based Genetic algorithm (GN-GA) are utilized. A series of simulation are done with various parameters, out of which GN-GA outperforms the existing algorithms.
Observe the therapeutic effect of EEG biofeedback on 82 patients with insomnia
Authors: Wang Huicong , Hou Yue , Wang Yuping , wang Hongxing , zhan shuqin , li ning , liu jianghong
Published: March 2023

Objective:Insomniais the most prevalent clinical sleep disorder and is usually accompanied by some affective symptoms. To some extent, traditional interventions for insomnia remain some shortcomings. Hence, exploring potential novel interventions for insomnia is of great clinical significance. Recently, the biofeedback therapy (i.e. the electroencephalography EEG and electromyography EMG feedback) has been regarded as a new method for the treatment of insomnia following medication and physical therapy, where EEG information is fed back to the subject for the purpose of self-regulation of EEG activity. We aimed to explore the clinical efficacy of biofeedback for insomnia and its potential mechanisms.Methods:We recruited 82 patients with insomnia from the insomnia clinic of Xuanwu Hospital in this research. The EEG and EMG biofeedback training were conducted for 30 minutes. The EEG data of two minutes were also recorded each before and after the training section. The intervention was performed once every other day and included 10 times treatments in total. The Becker Depression Scale(BDI), state anxiety (S-STAI) and trait anxiety (T-STAI) of Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PQRI) scales were administered three times before treatment and after 1 treatment session, respectively.Results:Results showed that the scores of the PQRI scale after 1 trial of biofeedback treatmentwere significantly lower than those before treatment (p< 0.001). Furthermore, the score of the PQRI following 10 trials of biofeedback treatments were significantly lower than values following 5 trials of treatments (p< 0.001). More specifically, patients experienced a significant reduction in insomnia, an easier transition to natural sleep, a shorter time to fall asleep, fewer awakenings during sleep, and a much better quality of sleep. In addition, the scores of the BDI, S-STAI, and T-STAI scales after the treatments were significantly lower than those before the treatments (p<0.001), indicating that the patient's anxiety and depression were relieved. For the physiological results, compared with the baseline level, the patient's prefrontal EMG decreased, EEG alpha waves increased, and EEG beta and theta waves decreased after the biofeedback therapy.Conclusion:Our findings suggest that Biofeedback therapy is effective to relieve insomnia symptoms for insomnia patients. The potential mechanism of the biofeedback therapy might be that the therapy relaxes the patients’ mind (reflected by the alpha wave) and muscles (reflected by EMG), and reduces alertness states (reflected by Beta wave), which finally promotes the deep sleep (reflected by the Theta wave).