bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MOEA with adaptive operator based on reinforcement learning for weapon target assignment
Authors: Zou Shiqi , Shi Xiaoping , Song Shenmin
Published: February 2024

Weapon target assignment (WTA) is a typical problem in the command and control of modern warfare. Despite the significance of the problem, traditional algorithms still have shortcomings in terms of efficiency, solution quality, and generalization. This paper presents a novel multi-objective evolutionary optimization algorithm (MOEA) that integrates a deep Q-network (DQN)-based adaptive mutation operator and a greedy-based crossover operator, designed to enhance the solution quality for the multi-objective WTA (MO-WTA). Our approach (NSGA-DRL) evolves NSGA-II by embedding these operators to strike a balance between exploration and exploitation. The DQN-based adaptive mutation operator is developed for predicting high-quality solutions, thereby improving the exploration process and maintaining diversity within the population. In parallel, the greedy-based crossover operator employs domain knowledge to minimize ineffective searches, focusing on exploitation and expediting convergence. Ablation studies revealed that our proposed operators significantly boost the algorithm performance. In particular, the DQN mutation operator shows its predictive effectiveness in identifying candidate solutions. The proposed NSGA-DRL outperforms state-and-art MOEAs in solving MO-WTA problems by generating high-quality solutions.
Normalized ground states to the nonlinear Choquard equations with local perturbations
Authors: Shang Xudong
Published: February 2024

In this paper, we considered the existence of ground state solutions to the following Choquard equation

   \begin{document}$ \begin{eqnarray*} \left\{ \begin{aligned} &-\Delta u = \lambda u + (I_{\alpha}\ast F(u))f(u) + \mu|u|^{q-2}u \hskip0.5cm \mbox{in} \hskip0.2cm\mathbb{R}^{N}, \\ & \int\limits_{\mathbb{R}^{N}}|u|^{2}dx = a >0, \end{aligned} \right. \end{eqnarray*} $\end{document}

where $ N \geq 3 $, $ I_{\alpha} $ is the Riesz potential of order $ \alpha \in (0, N) $, $ 2 < q \leq 2+ \frac{4}{N} $, $ \mu > 0 $ and $ \lambda \in \mathbb{R} $ is a Lagrange multiplier. Under general assumptions on $ F\in \mathcal{C}^{1}(\mathbb{R}, \mathbb{R}) $, for a $ L^{2} $-subcritical and $ L^{2} $-critical of perturbation $ \mu|u|^{q-2}u $, we established several existence or nonexistence results about the normalized ground state solutions.
On a conjecture on transposed Poisson $ n $-Lie algebras
Authors: Huang Junyuan , Chen Xueqing , Chen Zhiqi , Ding Ming
Published: February 2024

The notion of a transposed Poisson $ n $-Lie algebra has been developed as a natural generalization of a transposed Poisson algebra. It was conjectured that a transposed Poisson $ n $-Lie algebra with a derivation gives rise to a transposed Poisson $ (n+1) $-Lie algebra. In this paper, we focus on transposed Poisson $ n $-Lie algebras. We have obtained a rich family of identities for these algebras. As an application of these formulas, we provide a construction of $ (n+1) $-Lie algebras from transposed Poisson $ n $-Lie algebras with derivations under a certain strong condition, and we prove the conjecture in these cases.
Metrization of soft metric spaces and its application to fixed point theory
Authors: Soylu Gültekin , Çerçi Müge
Published: February 2024

Soft set theory has attracted many researchers from several different branches. Sound theoretical improvements are accompanied with successful applications to practical solutions of daily life problems. However, some of the attempts of generalizing crisp concepts into soft settings end up with completely equivalent structures. This paper deals with such a case. The paper mainly presents the metrizability of the soft topology induced by a soft metric. The soft topology induced by a soft metric is known to be homeomorphic to a classical topology. In this work, it is shown that this classical topology is metrizable. Moreover, the explicit construction of an ordinary metric that induces the classical topology is given. On the other hand, it is also shown that soft metrics are actually cone metrics. Cone metrics are already proven to be an unsuccessful attempt of generalizing metrics. These results clarify that most, if not all, properties of soft metric spaces could be directly imported from the related classical theory. The paper concludes with an application of the findings, i.e., a new soft fixed point theorem is stated and proven with the help of the obtained homemorphism.
Higher Jordan triple derivations on $ * $-type trivial extension algebras
Authors: Fei Xiuhai , Wang Zhonghua , Lu Cuixian , Zhang Haifang
Published: February 2024

In this paper, we investigated the problem of describing the form of higher Jordan triple derivations on trivial extension algebras. We show that every higher Jordan triple derivation on a $ 2 $-torsion free $ * $-type trivial extension algebra is a sum of a higher derivation and a higher anti-derivation. As for its applications, higher Jordan triple derivations on triangular algebras are characterized.
Simultaneous blow-up of the solution for a singular parabolic system with concentrated sources
Authors: Chan Wai Yuen
Published: February 2024

A singular parabolic system with homogeneous Dirichlet boundary conditions and concentrated nonlinear reaction sources was examined. This paper investigated the existence and uniqueness of the solution. The sufficient conditions for the solution being blown up simultaneously in a finite time were determined. In addition, it was shown that the solution blew up everywhere in the domain except boundary points.
Introduction: Labor Migration in Ukraine and the Post-Soviet Space
Authors: Bolat Zhanna
Published: February 2024

This themed section of Dve domovini / Two Homelands illuminates significant contemporary migration and labor migration trends in the post-Soviet space. Ukraine has experienced substantial emigration in recent decades, spurred by economic uncertainties and the conflict in eastern Ukraine since 2014. Labor migration is a major phenomenon, partly facilitated by Ukraine’s visa-free access to the EU, which provides more opportunities for temporary work abroad (Kortukova, 2021). However, large-scale emigration of working-age Ukrainians poses risks of “brain drain” and other socioeconomic impacts (Spanger & Andersen, 2023). Kazakhstan has also seen substantial emigration and immigration, mainly to and from neighboring countries like Russia and Uzbekistan, for economic reasons. Newly restrictive residence permit regulations in Kazakhstan may alter these longstanding migration dynamics within the region. Japan is gradually easing some of its previously strict immigration policies to fill acute labor shortages in the construction, home healthcare, and agriculture sectors. However, tensions remain around the integration of migrants into Japanese society. Public attitudes do not always align with government efforts to accept more foreign workers (Liu, 2023). Meanwhile, many Tajiks engage in temporary cyclical labor migration to Kazakhstan, working in trade sectors like markets or transportation. Their collective family-based migrant enterprises demonstrate resilience in the face of challenging conditions, though restrictive and unpredictable migration policies in Kazakhstan create precarity.
A Historical Analysis of Left-Wing Trade Union Positions Regarding Bangladeshi Workers in Monfalcone (Italy) and Bosnian Workers in Slovenia
Authors: Panariti Loredana
Published: February 2024

The research reconstructs the employment conditions of Bangladeshis in Monfalcone and Bosnians in Slovenia and left-wing trade union positions toward migrant work. Bangladeshis work mainly under subcontract in constructing large cruise ships at Monfalcone’s Fincantieri, while Bosnians work in Slovenia’s building, transportation, and storage sectors. This exploratory work addresses two case studies viewed through the lens of the relationship between trade unions and migrant workers, identifying the new challenges it poses. The research also describes the geography of the different positions and their relationship with the type of work carried out by immigrants.
Oris slovarjev in priročnikov za učenje angleščine slovenskih izseljencev v ZDA v obdobju 1895–1919
Authors: Vrbinc Marjeta , Farina Donna M. T. Cr. , Vrbinc Alenka
Published: February 2024

V članku je na kratko predstavljena zgodovina slovenskega priseljevanja v ZDA. Sledi analiza šestih slovarjev in priročnikov, objavljenih med letoma 1895 in 1919, ki so bili slovenskim izseljencem v ZDA v pomoč pri učenju in razumevanju angleščine ter pri prilagajanju novemu kulturnemu okolju. Avtorice v raziskavi ugotavljajo, katere vrste informacij so bile izseljencem na voljo v preučevanih slovarjih in priročnikih (npr. razlaga izgovora angleških besed, razlaga angleške slovnice, koristni pogosti komunikacijski obrazci, navodila za naturalizacijo, pojasnila o poimenovanju in vrednosti ameriških kovancev in bankovcev, različni oglasi).
Communication Relations on Twitter During the Migrant “Crisis” in Slovenia
Authors: Smrdelj Rok
Published: February 2024

The article explores communication relations on Twitter during the 2015–2016 migrant “crisis” in Slovenia. By integrating social network analysis with critical discourse studies, the author finds that the “left-wing” political network had the most members. In contrast, the “right-wing” political network was notably more influential and active. The political elite, mass media, journalists, and public figures are among the most influential users. A vast majority of posts feature discriminatory discourse focused on security understandings of migration. The research is important because it provides one of the few and relatively comprehensive insights into the online digital discussion on migration in Slovenia.
Project for the Global Integration of Meaningful Learning of English in Early Childhood Education
Authors: Rubio Antonio Daniel Juan
Published: February 2024

This study is based on the premise that learning English has become a necessity in an increasingly globalised world, and that its teaching is simpler and more effective from an early age, offering better results. Based on studies related to the subject, this project has been conducted on various aspects such as current teaching in so-called “bilingual schools” or the influence of the family and new technologies on the use of routines in the teaching of pupils in the early childhood education stage. This chapter defends the application of a leading project based on new methodologies that share an eminently practical and interactive approach and that manage to involve all the agents related to the education of pupils, incorporating the necessary resources to facilitate linguistic immersion. All of this is aimed at achieving an improvement in the results of language teaching. The general objective of this chapter is to present a globalised teaching project that generates significant learning capable of achieving comprehensive training in English in early childhood education pupils.
The Digital Frontier
Authors: Dieguez Teresa , Faria Adriana , Loureiro Paula Cortez
Published: February 2024

The study investigates the impact of Generation Z on the labor market, contextualising it within the digital transformation and the need for organisations to retain talent. The results highlight the benefits of adopting new technologies, including greater efficiency, expansion of services, sustainability, and competitive advantage. Generation Z is recognised for its positive influence on the introduction of these technologies but faces adaptation challenges due, among other things, to the diversity of generations it encounters in the labor market, the little digital investment that companies make, and the low value that educational institutions continue to place on the human component to the detriment of technology. This research offers practical guidelines and possible solutions, adding substantial value to the academic field and the business world by directly and provocatively addressing the challenges of the digital age and the integration of Generation Z into the labor market.
Effect of Artificial Intelligence Awareness on Job Performance with Employee Experience as a Mediating Variable
Authors: Toumia Oumeima , Zouari Farouk
Published: February 2024

Organizations are not exempt from the fast change that artificial intelligence is bringing about in the workplace. Artificial intelligence is being utilized to streamline procedures, enhance decision-making, and automate operations. However, there is a lack of research on the effect of artificial intelligence on job performance. To address this gap, this chapter investigates the impact of artificial intelligence on job performance with experience as a mediating variable on Tunisian employees. One hundred twenty-one online questionnaires were distributed to Tunisian service sector employees in order to answer the main question. Explanatory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and path analysis were carried out using IBMSPSS.26 and IBMSPSS AMOS.24, respectively. The findings showed that experience influences positively job performance. Nevertheless, the authors found the absence of the link between the experience and the artificial intelligence. Furthermore, there is no relationship between job performance and artificial intelligence awareness.
Reskilling in the Artificial Intelligence Era
Authors: Nunes Figueiredo Paula Cristina , Justino Alves Maria João , Rouco José Carlos
Published: February 2024

The rise of artificial intelligence (AI) is having a profound impact on the workforce. As AI automates more and more tasks, it becomes increasingly important for employees to reskill and upskill to stay relevant and competitive. There are several assumptions about the impact of AI on the workforce. This chapter focuses on the technological impact of AI on skills management and learning and development, that is, how these management practices contribute to meeting the reskilling needs of human resources. Furthermore, the way we learn and develop is also changing in the age of AI. Traditional learning methods are being complemented with new, more engaging, and interactive methods. AI is also creating new opportunities for lifelong learning. Other dimensions must be studied in relation to the impacts of AI, which will be suggested in the final considerations.
Organizational Psychology and the Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Psychosocial Risks and Technostress Levels
Authors: Baptista José
Published: February 2024

The economic crisis and social changes and the technological advances, including the increase usage of AI, have brought numerous transformations to most workplaces. The pursuit of productivity, combined with the complexity of tasks and time pressures, has led to discussions about possible consequences, not only for workers but also for organizations. This chapter focuses on the psychosocial risks in the workplace as a critical challenge for organizations that aim to ensure the mental and physical well-being and productivity of their workforce. Psychosocial risks encompass a wide range of factors related to work, relationships, and individual well-being, having the potential to impact both mental and physical health. It is critical to recognize that they are not solely a concern of the individual but have far-reaching effects on the organization and society as a whole.
Adopting Robotic Process Automation (RPA) in the Construction Industry
Authors: Abutaha Fuad , Dinler Ceren
Published: February 2024

The chapter embarked on a comprehensive exploration of robotic process automation (RPA) and its merge with building information modeling (BIM) in revolutionizing the construction industry. By investigating the applications, benefits, challenges, and opportunities associated with RPA and its integration with BIM, this research has shed light on the immense potential for transforming productivity, efficiency, safety, decision-making, and sustainability in construction processes. Moreover, the merge of RPA with BIM represents a paradigm shift in collaboration, data management, and decision-making within the construction industry. By combining the strengths of these two transformative technologies, stakeholders can achieve unprecedented levels of coordination, efficiency, and accuracy throughout the project lifecycle. RPA, when integrated with BIM, empowers real-time monitoring, safety analysis, clash detection, risk assessment, and advanced simulations, allowing for proactive identification and resolution of issues.
DREAM Educational Management and Leadership
Authors: Quirke Phil
Published: February 2024

This chapter describes the DREAM educational management and leadership approach, which the author has been implementing, researching, and developing for two decades. The DREAM acronym is based on ten principles inspired by teachers that ensure the educational teacher leader focuses on students and their learning by placing teachers at the heart of the institution. DREAM stands for develop, recruit, enhance, appraise, motivate and delegate, respect, enjoy, attend, and mentor. These ten principles are sequenced to provide a pathway of continuous teacher leadership development although they are all interdependent and practiced as a coherent whole. Each of the sections within the chapter is based on a principle and describes how it has been applied in a variety of contexts using feedback from previous course participants. The aim is to provide the reader with a series of short case studies of the DREAM approach in action.
Diversity Management as a New Organizational Paradigm
Authors: Nazarian Meghry , Duyar Ibrahim , Alhosani Mohamed
Published: February 2024

In an era of globalization and increased diversity, there is a wide agreement on the need to actively deal with diversity in educational organizations. In this scenario, the challenge of global competition for UAE schools requires principals to lead differently and deal more effectively with teachers from diverse cultural backgrounds and fulfil their diverse needs. There is strong empirical evidence for the positive link between effective diversity management and overall organizational effectiveness. This chapter sheds light on cultural intelligence (CQ) as a viable entrée from which leaders can manage diversity effectively and lead in multicultural settings successfully. This chapter also unlocks several key multidisciplinary trends between diversity management and organizational performance outcomes.
Alternative Assessment Methods
Authors: Awad Muna Jamel , Al Adwan Mohammad Abdelkarim
Published: February 2024

The chapter delves into the realm of educational assessment, emphasizing the pivotal role it plays in understanding learners' skills and competencies. It scrutinizes the flaws of the standardized testing methods as primary assessment tools. It advocates for a shift towards alternative assessment methods. The chapter addresses concerns surrounding subjectivity, reliability, fairness, and validity in alternative assessments, providing strategies to ensure their effectiveness. The chapter also outlines practical steps to support teachers in implementing alternative assessments. Balancing alternative assessments with standardized tests is also explored, highlighting the importance of thoughtful curriculum mapping. Finally, the chapter discusses overcoming barriers to implementation, emphasizing the need for comprehensive training and seamless integration into curriculum and instruction. By adopting alternative assessment methods, educational institutions can enhance the quality of evaluation and promote a more inclusive and comprehensive approach to assessing student achievement.
Impact of Visual Hierarchy on User Experience in E-Commerce Websites
Authors: Raghavendra A. N. , Vijayakumar G. , Thalari Sanjeev Kumar
Published: February 2024

The primary aim of this book chapter is to propose a model that explains the influence of four elements of visual hierarchy—colour, size, alignment, and font/characters—on the user experience of e-commerce websites. The study's sample comprised 312 customers of e-commerce websites, with the four elements of visual hierarchy as independent variables, and the user experience of e-commerce websites as dependent variable. To analyze the data obtained from e-commerce website users, the researchers employed structural equation modeling to assess the relationships. The results of the analysis showed that the proposed model had acceptable fit indices and all the four elements of visual hierarchy had a positive impact on the user experience of e-commerce websites. While this book chapter examined the individual contributions of visual hierarchy elements, investigating how different combinations of visual hierarchy elements influence user experience could provide insights into optimal design strategies for e-commerce websites.
Influence Amplified
Authors: Zekan Senka Borovac , Fernandes Paula Odete , Borowska-Pietrzak A. , Biličić Slavica Galić
Published: February 2024

This chapter will unravel the intricacies of influencer marketing, from its origins to its contemporary significance. Through a meticulously crafted case study, the readers will get the practical implementation of influencer marketing, illustrating how a retail clothing brand leveraged the influence of digital personalities to amplify its reach and resonance. The case study explores the use of influencers and event promotion through social media platforms like Facebook and Instagram. The study delves into who influencers are, why and how much people trust them, and how they promote products and services. Using the example of announcing the opening of the Reserved store in Zadar, Croatia, the study analyses the influence of the online campaigns #ReservedforZadar and #Reservedforme on customers to visit and purchasing products from the Reserved store. An interview was conducted with the main organiser, who also holds the CEO position within the prominent LPP Group.
A Comprehensive Examination of Mobile Augmented Reality in Tourism (MART) Adoption
Authors: Sankar Jeganathan Gomathi , David Arokiaraj
Published: February 2024

This research investigates the adoption of mobile augmented reality in tourism (MART) utilizing the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology two (UTAUT2) framework. Centered on Pondicherry, India, the research specifically investigates the integration of AI-powered services through the MART platform in the tourism sector. Analyzing data from 137 participants who engaged with MART for service bookings, the study employs descriptive and inferential statistics. It scrutinizes the influence of perceived effectiveness, effort expectancy, social influence, facilitating conditions, hedonic motivation, and habit on users' behavioral intention. The findings unveil significant positive impacts, underscoring the pivotal role these factors play in shaping users' intentions to embrace MART. This research contributes valuable insights to the comprehension of technology adoption within the tourism domain, offering practical implications for designers and policymakers aiming to enhance user experiences and foster widespread MART adoption.
Navigating Mobile Marketing
Authors: Abdullah Siti Intan Nurdiana Wong , Teng Phuah Kit , Heng Bernard Lim Jit , Cokki Cokki
Published: February 2024

In the dynamic landscape of mobile marketing, understanding the intricate factors that drive in-app purchase decisions is pivotal for crafting effective strategies. The sale of virtual objects has become a key driver of revenue in the mobile gaming industry. This study focuses on the Malaysian Gen-Y mobile gamers, exploring the key drivers influencing their in-game purchase intention underpinned by perceived value theory and theory of planned behavior. An online survey was conducted among 470 respondents and analysed using partial least squared structural equation modelling. As the digital realm continues to evolve, decoding these motivations behind consumer behavior becomes paramount for marketers seeking to tailor their approaches. Drawing from the empirical findings, this chapter offers valuable insights that contribute to the academic knowledge of mobile marketing dynamics, including practical implications of this strategic monetization initiative for marketers to resonate with the discerning Gen-Y mobile gamers.
Shifting the Balance
Authors: Paschal Mahona Joseph , Gougou Saman Ange-Michel , Kagendo Njiru Magdalene
Published: February 2024

This chapter argues that in order to ensure the prospect of education in Africa, equity, inclusion and efficiency of education technology needs to be given attention of improvement. This chapter employed a case study design, and ethnography as a qualitative research approach which adapted constructivist theory to discuss the status of E-learning, and the challenges encountered by the universities in Sub- Sahara Africa in the COVID-19 era. Moreover, this chapter intends to describe the approaches that could be used to ensure the provision of equitable, inclusive and efficient teaching in higher education in sub-Saharan Africa. Findings revealed that there is a big disparity of eLearning in African higher education lack of support, poor facilities, poor technologies and illiteracy. The chapter suggests the need to enhance curriculum based eLearning to ensure equity, inclusion and efficiency in education in Africa. Conclusion suggested that hybrid teaching learning is essential
Breaking Barriers
Authors: Singha Surjit
Published: February 2024

This chapter examines the challenges of inclusivity and globalization in academic research, particularly in STEM disciplines. This work critically examines underrepresentation, assesses its implications for research priorities, and proposes policy recommendations, case studies, and strategies to enhance inclusivity. With an optimistic outlook on the future, the chapter underscores the significance of inclusivity in influencing research agendas. It emphasizes the critical nature of deconstructing obstacles and actively fostering diversity, envisioning a future in which the scientific community is genuinely inclusive, forward-thinking, and dedicated to solving worldwide issues. It encapsulates a comprehensive journey towards a more inclusive and equitable STEM research environment.
Enhancing Workplace Positivity
Authors: Singha Surjit
Published: February 2024

This chapter explores the importance of cultivating a positive work environment and its critical function in advancing the sustainability of an organization. Examining the tenets of positive psychology reveals various strategies supported by empirical evidence that can be implemented to foster a thriving workplace. The chapter describes in detail how a positive organizational culture can contribute to the long-term success of an organization by enhancing employee engagement, well-being, and overall performance.
Nurturing Positive Organizational Climates to Enhance Work Success
Authors: Singha Surjit
Published: February 2024

This chapter explores the utilization of positive psychology principles to cultivate a favourable organizational climate that promotes long-term success and the welfare of employees. Thoroughly examining fundamental elements, pivotal theories, and pragmatic approaches underscores the interdependence of constructive leadership, transparent communication, and acknowledgement of strengths. The objectives entail thoroughly comprehending positive psychology concerning organizational contexts and delivering practical implementations, theoretical insights, and interdisciplinary viewpoints. Incorporating actionable strategies, particular aspects, including leadership, trust, recognition, well-being, and engagement, are examined. Emphasis is placed on communication strategies and cultivating positive environments via strength-based approaches and deliberate workspace design. Fundamentally, cultivating a favourable organizational climate is an imperative strategy, as it fosters flourishing work environments in which personnel actively participate in the achievement of the group.
Reconciling the Profitability and Sustainability Paradigm Within the Framework of Positive Organizational Behavior
Authors: Güner Şeyma , Yomralıoğlu Dilek
Published: February 2024

In today's corporate companies, the existence of companies is treated as an individual separate from its owners, and the main goal is to ensure the profitability of this entity and make it sustainable. For this reason, when basic goals such as profitability are focused, cultural values can be sacrificed for these goals. This approach not only causes resources to be consumed in a short time, but also harms employee loyalty, team spirit and business performance. Ignored factors such as high personnel turnover rate, depletion of resources in a short time, decrease in trust in the organization, loss of team spirit bring high costs in the long term. The solution is to design an environment that increases employee motivation and reinforces the sense of belonging with a positive organizational approach, while striving to fulfill the organization's corporate and financial goals. The purpose of this section is; The aim is to propose an appropriate organizational model that will ensure that organizational goals can be sustained by making use of positive psychological approaches.
A Paradoxical Study of the Influence of Underdog Expectations on Employees' Work Status
Authors: Wu Di , Yang Jun , Wang Yong
Published: February 2024

While prior studies have demonstrated that underdog expectations (UEs) can benefit or harm performance, research of whether they are detrimental or beneficial to employees' work status has not been much explored. Based on the two-mode models of self-regulation theory, the authors develop a model of the double-edged sword effect of UEs on employees' work status and their boundary conditions. Data from 357 employees showed that: (1) UEs positively affect affective rumination (AR), AR positively affects work alienation (WA) and thus mediates between UEs and WA; (2) UEs positively affect problem-solving pondering (PSP), PSP positively affects work engagement (WE) and thus mediates between UEs and WE; (3) Mindfulness moderated the relationship between UEs and AR, thereby moderating the mediating effects of AR and PSP; (4) Mindfulness moderated the relationship between UEs and PSP, thereby moderating the mediating effects of PSP. This study advances the UEs research. It also provides suggestions on how to leverage the positive effects of UEs with the alertness to mitigate its negative effects.
Inhaled Corticosteroids May Not Affect the Clinical Outcomes of Pneumonia in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: Chang Min-Seok , Cho In-So , Yu Iseul , Park Sunmin , Lee Seok Jeong , Yong Suk Joong , Lee Won-Yeon , Kim Sang-Ha , Lee Ji-Ho
Published: February 2024

Background: Although inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) is reportedly associated with a higher risk of pneumonia in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the clinical implications of ICS have not been sufficiently verified to determine their effect on the prognosis of pneumonia.Methods: The electronic health records of patients hospitalized for pneumonia with underlying COPD were retrospectively reviewed. Pneumonia was confirmed using chest radiography or computed tomography. The clinical outcomes of pneumonia in patients with COPD who received ICS and those who received long-acting bronchodilators other than ICS were compared.Results: Among the 255 hospitalized patients, 89 met the inclusion criteria. The numbers of ICS and non-ICS users were 46 and 43, respectively. The CURB-65 (confusion, uremia, respiratory rate, blood pressure, age ≥65 years) scores at the initial presentation of pneumonia were comparable between the two groups. The proportions of patients with multilobar infiltration, pleural effusion, and complicated pneumonia in the radiological studies did not vary between the two groups. Additionally, the defervescence time, proportion of mechanical ventilation, intensive care unit admission, length of hospital stays, and mortality rate at 30 and 90 days were not significantly different between the two groups. ICS use and blood eosinophils count were not associated with all pneumonia outcomes and mortality in multivariate analyses.Conclusion: The clinical outcomes of pneumonia following ICS use in patients with COPD did not differ from those in patients treated without ICS. Thus, ICS may not contribute to the severity and outcomes of pneumonia in patients with COPD.
Hospital brand image and trust leading towards patient satisfaction: medical tourists’ behavioural intention in Malaysia
Authors: Fook Tham Noi , Peng Low Mei , Mun Yeong Wai
Published: February 2024

In Malaysia, hospital branding is critical to recruiting medical tourists. Reputation, service quality, and word-of-mouth influence hospital branding. Thus, hospitals and the healthcare tourism sector must understand these elements to gain a competitive edge in the global market. This study investigated the effect of hospital advertising factors on healthcare tourists’ behavioural intentions (BI) in Malaysia, with emphasis on clarifying the nature of hospital brand image and hospital brand trust. Additionally, the study assessed how perceived standards and satisfaction stimulate favourable BI among healthcare tourists. This study used the quantitative research-based deductive approach, where hospitals in Malaysia were the target sector. The results demonstrated that accessibility, cost, and a good web presence influenced hospital marketing for medical tourism. Furthermore, the characteristics of safety and security and effective advertising enhance trust. Moreover, patient satisfaction is critical to reduce the divide between service standards and BI, which emphasises the necessity of prioritising patients in medical facilities. Nevertheless, the findings were time-sensitive and not adjusted for healthcare tourism sector alterations or customer habit variations over time.
Correlation of diabetes complications with blood pressure variability
Authors: Shakya Shobhit , Verma Pankaj , Karoli Ritu , Meena Pradhan Kumar
Published: February 2024

Introduction:

India is suffering from an epidemic of noncommunicable diseases. Type 2 diabetes and hypertension are two lifestyle diseases which are often coexistent. The present study aimed to assess whether blood pressure (BP) variability has any correlation with the prevalence of chronic complications of diabetes.

Materials and Methods:

In a hospital-based cross-sectional study, 116 patients of newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes were enrolled. Ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM) for 24 h duration was performed in all the study participants. The abnormal patterns of BP were analyzed.

Results:

Out of 100 patients with valid ABPM data, 62% of patients had masked hypertension, 45% had nondipping pattern, and 13% had reverse dipping pattern. The prevalence of diabetes complications both macrovascular and microvascular was significantly higher in patients who had abnormal dipping patterns.

Conclusion:

Our findings highlight the importance of ABPM which detects masked hypertension, white-coat hypertension, and abnormal BP patterns which are related to complications of diabetes.
Successful implantation of dual-chamber permanent pacemaker in case of persistent left superior vena cava with the absence of right superior vena cava
Authors: Sharma Rajesh , Aggarwal Sanjeev
Published: February 2024

Persistent left superior vena cava (PLSVC), a rare congenital abnormality of the venous system, often goes unnoticed. Typically, it is identified incidentally while performing certain interventional procedures. It may manifest as sick sinus syndrome (SSS) or third-degree atrioventricular block, necessitating pacemaker implantation. This placement can be challenging since the dilated coronary sinus (CS) complicates locating the ventricular lead in certain circumstances. Here, the presented case focuses on a 55-year-old female presenting with SSS after complaining of presyncope, chest pain, and dizziness. The decision to implant a dual-chamber pacemaker was approved, but technical complications suggested a PLSVC with an absent right superior vena cava throughout the procedure. The particularity of this case was that, despite the anatomical difficulties, it was possible to cross the ventricular lead into the CS using a semicircular stylet.
A single-center retrospective study of Vitamin D status and acute left ventricular heart failure from a super specialty tertiary care hospital in Northeast India
Authors: Boro Anup Kumar , Gupta Prabir Kumar , Paul Biplab , Rahman Habibar , Gang Sneha , Barman Ananya
Published: February 2024

Introduction:

Heart failure (HF) is a progressive clinical condition and is a major cause of mortality and morbidity. Various studies have shown the association of Vitamin D deficiency with HF. The present study aimed to investigate the Vitamin D status among acute left ventricular failure (LVF) patients admitted to our hospital.

Materials and Methods:

Medical records of 55 acute LVF patients were retrospectively assessed. Patients were categorized according to their Vitamin D status. Demographics, risk factors, clinical presentations, and biochemical data of the patients were analyzed and documented.

Results:

Patients were grouped based on their Vitamin D status as deficient (40%; n = 22), insufficient (32.7%; n = 18), optimal (23.6%; n = 13), and toxic (3.6%; n = 2). The overall cohort included 67.3% (n = 37) of males with a male/female ratio of 2.1:1. Ages ranged from 22 to 86 years with a mean age of 64.8 years ± 2.3. Rural/Urban was 1:0.9. Hypertension (63.6%; n = 35) was the predominant risk factor across all groups. Mortality was the highest in the Vitamin D deficient group (36.4%; n = 8). The most common symptom observed was dyspnea (76.4%; n = 42). A high incidence of HF with reduced ejection fraction (58.1%; n = 32) was seen in the entire cohort with the highest prevalence in the Vitamin D-deficient group (27.3%; n = 15).

Conclusions:

Our study revealed a high occurrence of Vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency among HF patients. Routine screening of Vitamin D levels should be done in patients with unexplained cardiac problems. Serious adverse events, including HF, can be prevented and/or reduced on early diagnosis and treatment of Vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency.
Effectiveness of Scheduled Early Ambulation on Maternal Outcomes in Post caesarean in Odisha, Eastern India
Authors: Yangchen Tanzin , Smitha M. V. , Sethi Prithviraj
Published: February 2024

Background:

Scheduled early ambulation on the day of surgery in post-operative women showed expedited recovery and prevented complications amongst women and newborns.

Objectives:

The study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of scheduled early ambulation on maternal outcomes amongst post-caesarean women.

Methods:

A quasi-experimental post-test-only time series design was adopted. Post-caesarean women (142) were recruited to the experimental group (n
1 = 71) and the control group (n
2 = 71). Scheduled early ambulation was initiated from the day of surgery in the experimental group, while the control group received standard care. Post-operative recovery was assessed in both groups by a demographic pro forma, post-operative assessment tool and physical well-being tool.

Results:

The present study findings revealed a remarkable improvement in maternal outcomes such as a significant reduction in the mean post-operative pain score, speedy involution of the uterus, breastfeeding, lochia, first bowel movement, moving independently from the bed, catheter removal, initiation of oral intake and physical well-being amongst the women in the experimental compared to the control group.

Conclusion:

A scheduled early ambulation is crucial for improving maternal outcomes and restoring the sense of well-being in women after caesarean section (CS). The primary caregiver and health professionals should promote it to encourage women after CS to reduce post-operative complications and speedy recovery.
Effectiveness of Multi-interventional Package on Knowledge Regarding Prevention of Child Molestation amongst Primary Schoolchildren
Authors: Arifa T. N. , Beevi T. M. Assuma
Published: February 2024

Background:

Child molestation is a form of child sexual abuse (CSA) that affects children all over the world. It has the potential to devastate a child’s life in every aspect of their normal growth and development and has become the larger field of interpersonal trauma studies, CSA studies and intervention strategies. The primary intervention for eliminating this societal scourge is the implementation of preventive methods.

Objectives:

The aim of the study was to develop a multi-interventional package for the prevention of child molestation.

Methods:

This randomised control trial was carried out on 200 primary schoolchildren (PS children) who were randomly assigned to experimental (n = 100) and control (n = 100) groups from selected schools in the Kozhikode district of Kerala, India. A demographic pro forma and a knowledge questionnaire were used for data collection. The package included a display of a role-play video entitled ‘Rooby’ and a cartoon book explanation called ‘Karyakkudukka,’ implemented by the primary researcher. The data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. On pre-test, the majority of participants from both the groups had a good level of knowledge regarding child molestation prevention.

Results:

After receiving the intervention, there was a significant difference in the level of knowledge about the prevention of child molestation amongst the experimental group of PS children (P = 0.0001) depicting the effectiveness of the multi-interventional package.

Conclusion:

The developed multi-interventional package looked upon potent strategies for the prevention of child molestation.
Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Priyadarsini Ida Sweetlin , Ravindran Vinitha
Published: February 2024

With the abounding literature, a rigorous framework with concrete steps is needed for synthesising the breadth, depth and accuracy of published knowledge. Systematic reviews (SRs) provide comprehensive and precise summaries of research on a particular topic by incorporating a detailed and comprehensive plan and search strategy, with the goal of reducing bias by identifying, appraising and synthesising all relevant studies on a particular topic. SRs are considered the gold standard for summarising evidence found in literature. This article outlines the major steps and process involved in doing a SR.
Health-related Quality of Life of Children with Cerebral Palsy and Its Determinants
Authors: Jose Stella , Premaletha Thankaraj
Published: February 2024

Background:

Cerebral palsy (CP) is one amongst the most common childhood disabilities with varying clinical outcomes and can have profound effects on the daily life of children and their families. There are many possible factors that affect the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in childhood CP.

Objectives:

The main objectives of the study were to assess the HRQOL and its determinants amongst children with CP considering possible variables comprehensively from a biopsychosocial perspective.

Methods:

The study was conducted amongst 450 children with CP and their mothers selected consecutively from the paediatric units of a tertiary care centre and randomly selected special schools in Thiruvananthapuram District. The PedsQL CP module was used to measure the HRQOL.

Results:

HRQOL was poor in 44.17% of children with CP and moderate in 47.1% of children. Multiple logistic regression revealed that the independent predictors of HRQOL were sociodemographic, clinical, functional and behavioural attributes of the child, attitude, practice and perceived stress of caregiver and social support and social security measures available for the care of the child.

Conclusion:

Understanding the key factors that combined to influence the function and quality of life, their relative importance and the degree to which they can be modified were beneficial in planning specific interventions for children with CP.
Exploring the Importance of Emotional Intelligence Training Programme on Soft Skills: A Randomised Controlled Trial
Authors: Pareek Bharat , Kaur Harpreet , Rana Ruchi
Published: February 2024

Aim:

This study aimed to develop an emotional intelligence (EI) training programme and test its effectiveness on soft skills amongst nursing students.

Methods:

A randomised controlled trial was used in this study. The study enrolled a total of 100 nursing students from Saraswati Nursing Institute in Kurali. A total of 50 participants were chosen at random to a 5-day, 1.5-h EI training programme (EITP), while the other 50 were assigned to a control group that received no intervention. The EI scale and the Soft Skills Assessment Scale were used to examine the intervention’s impact. At the beginning (pre-test) and ending (post-test) of the research, the effectiveness of the training programme in the experimental and control groups was assessed. The CONSORT statement was used to perform this research.

Results:

The post-intervention mean soft skills score was higher amongst nursing students in the experimental group than in the control group, i.e.P≤ 0.05.

Conclusion:

EITP is an effective tool for improving soft skills. Thus, the relevance of soft skills was underlined in this study, and applying the EITP programme may be the best approach for improving soft skills amongst nursing students.
Eating behaviours, social media usage, and its association: A cross-sectional study in Indian medical undergraduates
Authors: Sawant Neena Sanjiv , More Shermeen Rajesh , Singh Shreyansh Dinesh , Agrawal Ansh Sanjay , Chauhan Ananya
Published: February 2024

Background:

Despite increasing incidence, there is little data on abnormal eating behaviours or disorders in Indian youth, especially medical students. Additionally, little literature exists measuring the association of social media use with abnormal eating behaviours.

Aim:

To assess the prevalence of abnormal eating behaviours amongst medical students, social media usage, and any association of social media usage with eating behaviours.

Materials and Methods:

An online cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was conducted with 272 participants at a medical college, and two scales: the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire-Revised 21items (TFEQ-R21) and the Scale of Effects of social media on Eating Behaviour (SESMEB) were used.

Results:

22% of the participants reported abnormal eating behaviours. A significant difference in the effect of social media on eating behaviour according to the year of study [f = 3.08, P = 0.02] was seen with the final years having the lowest and the first years having the highest SESMEB scores. Students using more than 4 social media platforms had a higher SESMEB score [t = -2.02, P < 0.04]. A positive correlation was seen between TFEQ domains such as uncontrolled eating [r = 0.38, P = 0.01], emotional eating [r = 0.30, P = 0.01], and TFEQ total score [r = 0.40, P = 0.01] with SESMEB scores.

Conclusion:

This study finds a significant correlation between increased social media usage and developing abnormal eating behaviours in medical students. It highlights the need for the creation of policies regulating social media use with eating behaviours in mind.