bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Zonificación de agroambientes y periodos de crecimiento del municipio de Maravatio, Michoacan, Mexico.
Authors: Aguilar Sánchez Genaro , Aguilar Sánchez Daniel
Published: February 2024

El objetivo es realizar una zonificación de agroambientes y calcular los periodos de crecimiento en el municipio de Maravatío, del estado de Michoacán. Lo que es muy relevante es que la realización de la producción agrícola en secano de cultivos básicos, de hortalizas y frutales depende del clima. Para lo anterior se hace una regionalización del territorio del municipio de Maravatío, Michoacán, a través de delimitar los espacios con el concepto de agroambiente, que conjuga los aspectos bióticos y abióticos, así como calcular los periodos de crecimiento, en base a la precipitación, la humedad que almacena el suelo, la temperatura media mensual y la frecuencia de heladas. Se obtienen 9 agroambientes y 12 periodos de crecimiento. El 70% del territorio de Maravatío Michoacán, tiene condiciones favorables para producir cultivos de ciclos agrícolas que fluctúen entre 130 a 150 días. El resto debe usarse como espacios de conservación de los recursos naturales y para actividades de recreo.
Un Estrategia de desarrollo territorial sostenible para el impacto de los megaproyectos mineros.
Authors: Contreras Carlos , Ortega Pineda Gonzalo
Published: February 2024

La economía chilena encuentra uno de sus pilares en la minería, sector que desempeña un papel crucial. Actualmente, aporta un 9,4 % al Producto Interno Bruto (PIB) nacional y ostenta la posición dominante en cuanto a inversión extranjera, con un impresionante 33,3 % del total. A nivel mundial, esta industria lidera la producción de minerales como cobre, renio, nitratos naturales, litio y yodo. Existe una carencia de estudios sobre la transformación que han experimentado los núcleos urbanos denominados “ciudades intermedias” a nivel regional, dado que las industrias productivas mineras han modificado la realidad local. En este proceso, los patrones de desarrollo urbano se han moldeado mayormente por una lógica económica centrada en la oferta de servicios y productos, en detrimento en ocasiones de los estándares de bienestar de los habitantes. El estudio de los efectos de la industria minera en estos centros urbanos permite entender las lógicas económicas presentes en la región, con el fin de generar un modelo de planificación urbana que pueda atenuar las consecuencias negativas socio espaciales. Para ello cabe introducir factores medioambientales propios de las ciudades sustentables como un método de proyectar los centros urbanos de la minería más allá de los finitos ciclos productivos (Bithas & Christofakis, 2006), activando los recursos sociales, ambientales y culturales para un desarrollo sustentable que asegure la permanencia de sus habitantes (Van Kessel, 2003). El análisis se abordó a escala local, estudiando el impacto que han generado los megaproyectos mineros en las ciudades chilenas, tomando cuatro casos emblemáticos de asentamientos ligados a la producción de mineral, prestación de servicios y que se han visto afectados mediante un crecimiento exponencial en sus dimensiones producto de las demandas de las faenas extractivas y de su capital humano. Ante una expansión descontrolada, se propone un modelo de desarrollo basado en los principios de sostenibilidad para la administración estratégica de los recursos básicos de las ciudades para no comprometer el futuro de estas.
Analysis of the interaction-length dependence of frequency stability in an iodine-stabilized Nd:YAG laser
Authors: Matsunaga Shogo , Kato Rei , Yoshiki Mayuko , Akamatsu Daisuke , Hong Feng-Lei
Published: February 2024

We report a numerical simulation and an experimental study on the
interaction-length dependence of frequency stability in an
iodine-stabilized neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG)
laser. A saturation spectroscopy model was used in the simulation to
calculate the interaction-length dependence of the linewidth and
signal-to-noise ratio of the iodine saturation spectrum. We determined
that 2 m was the optimal interaction length for laser-frequency
stabilization. We confirmed the simulation results by performing
modulation transfer spectroscopy and laser-frequency stabilization
using 45-cm- and 2-m-long iodine cells and multipass configurations.
The results of this study are useful for designing compact and highly
stable iodine-stabilized lasers.
Imaging-based measurement of lunar dust velocity and particle size
Authors: Dai YiDan , Xue Bin , Zhao YiYi , Tao JinYou , Yang JianFeng
Published: February 2024

This paper introduces an optical–mechanical system designed for the dynamic detection and analysis of lunar dust, typically characterized as particles under 20 micrometers on the lunar surface. The system’s design is both compact and lightweight, aligning with the payload constraints of lunar exploration missions. It is capable of real-time tracking and recording the motion of lunar dust at various altitudes, a crucial capability for understanding the environmental dynamics of the lunar surface. By capturing images and applying sophisticated algorithms, the system accurately measures the velocity and size of dust particles. This approach significantly advances the quantitative analysis of lunar dust, especially during agitation events, filling a critical gap in our current understanding of lunar surface phenomena. The insights gained from this study are not only pivotal for developing theoretical models of lunar surface air flow disturbances and dust movement but also instrumental in designing effective dust mitigation and hazard avoidance strategies for future lunar missions, thereby enhancing both scientific knowledge and the engineering applications in lunar exploration.
Quantitative detection and prognostic value of antibodies against M-type phospholipase A2 receptor and its cysteine-rich ricin domain and C-type lectin domains 1 and 6-7-8 in patients with idiopathic membranous nephropathy
Authors: Liu Xiaobin , Xue Jing , Li Ting , Wu Qingqing , Sheng Huiming , Yang Xue , Lin Bo , Zhou Xiumei , Qin Yuan , Huang Zijian , Zhou Leting , Wang Liang , Hu Zhigang , Huang Biao
Published: February 2024

Background

M-type phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R) is the major autoantigen in adult idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN). Although reactive epitopes in the PLA2R domains have been identified, the clinical value of these domains recognized by anti-PLA2R antibodies remains controversial. Accordingly, this study aimed to quantitatively detect changes in the concentrations of different antibodies against epitopes of PLA2R in patients with IMN before and after treatment to evaluate the clinical value of epitope spreading.

Methods

Highly sensitive time-resolved fluorescence immunoassay was used to quantitatively analyze the concentrations of specific IgG and IgG4 antibodies against PLA2R and its epitopes (CysR, CTLD1, CTLD6-7-8) in a cohort of 25 patients with PLA2R-associated membranous nephropathy (13 and 12 in the remission and non-remission groups, respectively) before and after treatment, and the results were analyzed in conjunction with clinical biochemical indicators.

Results

The concentration of specific IgG (IgG4) antibodies against PLA2R and its epitopes (CysR, CTLD1 and CTLD6-7-8) in non-remission group was higher than that in remission group. The multipliers of elevation of IgG (IgG4) antibody were 5.6(6.2) fold, 3.0(24.3) fold, 1.6(9.0) fold, and 4.2(2.6) fold in the non-remission/remission group, respectively. However, the difference in antibody concentrations between the two groups at the end of follow-up was 5.6 (85.2), 1.7 (13.1), 1.0 (5.1), and 1.5 (22.3) times higher, respectively. When detecting concentrations of specific IgG antibodies against PLA2R and its different epitopes, the remission rate was 66.67% for only one epitope at M0 and 36.36% for three epitopes at M0. When detecting concentrations of specific IgG4 antibodies against PLA2R and its different epitopes, the remission rate was 100.00% for only one epitope at M0 and 50.00% for three epitopes at M0. A trivariate logistic regression model for the combined detection of eGFR, anti-CTLD678 IgG4, and urinary protein had an AUC of 100.00%.

Conclusion

Low concentrations of anti-CysR-IgG4, anti-CTLD1-IgG4, and anti-CTLD6-7-8-IgG4 at initial diagnosis predict rapid remission after treatment. The use of specific IgG4 against PLA2R and its different epitopes combined with eGFR and urinary protein provides a better assessment of the prognostic outcome of IMN.
Rationalization strategies in Botswana press newsrooms ensuing the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Lesitaokana William Ofentse , Madiba Gaolefufa Joshua , Pako-Bakane Jane Banyana
Published: February 2024

Drawing on the organizational culture theory, this article examines managerial decision-making at Botswana’s three press newsrooms, Botswana Daily News, Gazette and Mmegi newspapers, in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Data collected through in-depth interviews with the journalists in Botswana identified three significant decisions made by management at the newsrooms: increasing the adoption and use of media technology, altering news production work processes and restructuring press newsrooms. WhatsApp was introduced as one of the leading social media platforms for distributing digital copies of newspapers. The findings demonstrated that lockdowns and the need to avoid physical contact established to reduce virus spread incited these decisions. Our data analysis underscored that not only has the COVID-19 pandemic interrupted the operating environments of newsrooms, but it has also pressured media managers to introduce innovative, progressive strategies to adapt to the new normal. Therefore, a public health crisis can influence organizational culture change in media organizations.
COMPARISON OF THE PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS CONTENT AND COMPOSITION IN SYNECHOCYSTIS SP. AND DESERTIFILUM THARENSE
Authors: Zagoskina Natalya Viktorovna , Sinetova Maria Andreevna , Lapshin Petr Vladimirovich , Los Dmitry Anatolyevich
Published: February 2024

The content and composition of phenolic compounds in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 GT-L and Desertifilum tharense were studied for the first time. A spectrophotometric method was used to determine the phenolic compounds content, thin-layer chromatography and UV spectrometry to study their composition. A higher accumulation of these secondary metabolites was found in Synechocystis sp., which was almost twice as high as that in Desertifilum tharense. In both cases, the higher content of phenolic compounds was observed in the linear phase of cyanobacteria growth (3 days). Synechocystis sp. and Desertifilum tharense characterized by the formation of phenolics (4 and 7 compounds, respectively), which contain p-oxybenzoic or p-coumaric acids – the initial stages’metabolites of the phenolic compounds biogenesis.
Las rentas en los bordes: una tipología de rentas del suelo periurbanas en el sur del Área Metropolitana de Buenos Aires
Authors: Venturini Juan Pablo
Published: February 2024

Las dinámicas de la renta del suelo en áreas de transición rural-urbana han sido muy poco estudiadas. El objetivo de este trabajo es presentar y analizar una tipología que permite abordar en forma integral los diversos tipos de renta con incidencia en el espacio periurbano sur del Área Metropolitana de Buenos Aires (AMBA). Se toman como marco teórico los postulados marxistas, correspondientes a la teoría clásica de la renta de la tierra, junto con los planteos más recientes y específicos acerca de las rentas urbanas. La tipología se estructura en torno a las modalidades fundamentales de la renta: absoluta, diferencial y de monopolio, dentro de las cuales se identifican los tipos de renta derivados de una variedad de variables o factores determinados, que a su vez se asocian con los diferentes procesos socio-territoriales, actores sociales, actividades y usos del suelo urbanos y rurales típicos del espacio periurbano bonaerense. La metodología comprende revisión bibliográfica, el relevamiento de usos del suelo mediante la observación de imágenes satelitales, el uso de Sistemas de Información Geográfica (SIG) y la realización de entrevistas a informantes calificados de diversos ámbitos sectoriales. La tipología propuesta contribuye a llenar un vacío teórico e invita a su contrastación empírica con otros espacios periurbanos. Asimismo, abre la puerta al debate sobre esquemas alternativos de propiedad de la tierra y de gestión de las actividades productivas y del proceso de urbanización que prioricen al suelo como valor de uso antes que como generador de renta.
Producción de espacio y (des)regulación de los bordes
Authors: Manassero Leticia
Published: February 2024

Este trabajo aborda la construcción espacial e histórica de los primeros barrios privados radicados en el municipio de Santo Tomé, lindantes a la autopista Santa Fe-Rosario, en el Área Metropolitana de Santa Fe (AMSF). Se indaga particularmente en los mecanismos de producción de espacio relacionados con la regulación/desregulación de los bordes periurbanos, a partir de la noción de facilitación institucional. En tal sentido, se hace foco en la relación entre normativa y urbanización en el período 1975-2003, cuya finalización supone un umbral relevante para comprender la consolidación del enclave, que presenta una gran expansión y crecimiento en la actualidad. Para llevar a cabo la investigación se recurrió a metodologías cualitativas, sustentadas en el análisis de fuentes documentales escritas, gráficas y hemerográficas y entrevistas a informantes claves. Se concluye que, en una primera instancia, algunos sectores privados llevaron a cabo proyectos de urbanización en la periferia urbana en un contexto de vacío normativo. En un segundo momento, se produjo una relectura institucional y aceptación del modelo de ciudad que proponían estos emprendimientos, y se llevaron a cabo acciones regulatorias que comenzaron a dar legitimidad al proceso. Asimismo, durante el período se observan mecanismos de privatización (materiales y simbólicos) que operan de forma conjunta y contribuyen en mayor o menor medida al cerramiento del borde.
Adolescents’ consumption intentions toward leisure tourism in high-risk leisure environments in riverine areas
Authors: Lin Hsiao-Hsien , Lin Tzu-Yun , Lo Chih-Cheng , Lin Chao-Yen , Zhang Su-Fang , Wu Po-Hsuan , Li Qi-Yuan , Tsai I-En , Yan Xue-Qi , Huang Jing-Hui , Chen Gan-Hong
Published: February 2024

This study investigated the effects of food culture on the economic and ecological development of rural rivers and adolescents’ intentions toward tourism in high-risk leisure environments. The study applied a mixed-methods design. A questionnaire was designed and distributed to recruited participants, and 900 responses were collected and analyzed, with SPSS 26.0 used to perform basic statistical validation and Pearson’s correlation analysis. Structured interviews were conducted to collect the opinions of experts, tourists, and residents of the investigated areas. A multivariate analysis was used to analyze the results, which revealed that superior economic, societal, and ecological development is associated with greater leisure, tourism, and consumption intentions. However, varying levels of environmental literacy among tourists can present challenges. Problems such as tourism waste; overdevelopment; loss of historic architectural features; and pollution of water, forests, and air may deter young tourists from revisiting an area and diminish their willingness to engage in and share leisure experiences.
ICT Standards in Smart Grid Projects – Between a Standard’s Intended and Factual Role in Complex Technological Developments
Authors: Paustian Sabrina , Mattes Jannika
Published: February 2024

Digital technologies such as smart grids are associated with new challenges for organizations as both technological and social heterogeneity increase. ICT standards play a crucial role in coping with this growing heterogeneity. However, we have little insight into precisely how ICT standards unfold in innovation projects. Compared to ‘ordinary’ standards, it would be expected that they are more pervasive and binding. However, ICT standards also need to be adopted into formal, corporate rules and be further interpreted and drawn upon in informal routines. This actual implementation, the dealing with inconsistencies and contradictions and if the ICT standard is being conceived as binding, is revealed in day-to-day practices. Conceptually, we differentiate between the formal and informal adoption of the standard and for both cases consider the dimensionsdecision programs,communication channelsandpersonnel. We empirically investigate the adoption of one ICT standard, the Use Case Methodology (UCM), in a qualitative case study of a smart grid project. Our findings illustrate how the formal implementation of the UCM succeeds while the informal reliance upon this standard is far less pronounced. In this way, ICT standards differ less from ‘ordinary’ standards than might have been expected.
Evaluation of cardiac electrophysiological features in patients with premature adrenarche
Authors: Ertaş Kerem , Gül Özlem , Yıldırım Ruken , Özalkak Şervan
Published: February 2024

Objectives

This study aimed to analyze the cardiac effects of hyperandrogenism in premature adrenarche (PA) and evaluate the risk of arrhythmia development.

Methods

Fifty patients with PA and 50 healthy children from a pediatric endocrinology outpatient clinic were included in the study. The patients underwent echocardiography and electrocardiographic evaluations. Conventional echocardiography, tissue Doppler echocardiography, repolarization time, and repolarization dispersion time were evaluated.

Results

The median age in the PA and control groups was 7.91 years (5.83–9.25), 8.08 years (5.75–9.33), respectively. Thirty percent of patients in the PA group were male. While mitral early diastolic velocity deceleration time (DT), isovolumetric relaxation time (IRT), and E/e’ ratio were significantly higher in the PA group than in the control group, mitral lateral annulus tissue Doppler early diastolic velocity was significantly lower (p=0.0001, 0.0001, 0.003, 0.0001). While P wave dispersion (PWD), Tpe, and QT-dispersion (QT-d) values were significantly higher in the PA group than in the control group, the P minimum value was significantly lower in the PA group (p=0.0001, 0.02, 0.004, and 0.0001, respectively).

Conclusions

Early subclinical diastolic dysfunction was observed in the PA group. There was an increased risk of atrial arrhythmia with PWD and an increased risk of ventricular arrhythmia with increased Tpe and QT-d. There was a correlation between testosterone levels and diastolic function parameters. The increased risk of atrial arrhythmia is closely related to diastolic function.
Numerical study on aerodynamic performance of an intake duct affected by ground effect
Authors: Shi Yalin , Chen Lingling , Chen Pengfei , Yang Qingzhen , Shi Yongqiang , Yang Hua
Published: February 2024

This paper numerically studied the aerodynamic performance of an intake duct affected by the ground effect on a mobile test bench. The simulations were conducted under no wind and headwind conditions. The time evolution of the ground effect indicates that the coherent structure of the vortex system is mainly composed of the ground vortex, the horse-shoe vortex, and the creeping vortex under no wind condition. And it is mainly composed of the ground vortex, the trailing vortex, and the creeping vortex under headwind condition. Compared to the results under no wind condition, the integral vorticity of the ground vortex is larger than that under the headwind condition. The difference of the total pressure recovery coefficient is small, and the total pressure distortion index is large. The results show that with the decrease of the velocity at the intake duct outlet, the intensity of the ground vortex decreases, and the total pressure recovery coefficient at the intake duct outlet increases.
Media Pembelajaran Sistem Periodik Unsur Berbasis Android dengan Metode Self Directed Learning
Authors: Rozi Fahrur , Romadhoni Sugeng
Published: February 2024

Mata pelajaran kimia sering kali dianggap sebagai salah satu mata pelajaran yang kompleks dan menantang. Konsep-konsep dalam kimia, termasuk Sistem Periodik Unsur, sering bersifat abstrak dan sulit untuk dipahami oleh beberapa siswa. Oleh karena itu, pendekatan pembelajaran yang tepat dan alat bantu yang efektif diperlukan untuk membantu siswa mengatasi kesulitan dalam memahami dan menguasai materi kimia. Media pembelajaran pada materi sistem periodik berbasis android menggunakan metode pembelajaran self directed learning merupakan salah satu solusi yang dapat dilakukan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Research and Development dengan model pengembangan ADDIE yaitu Analysis (analisis), Design (desain), Development (pengembangan), Implementation (implementasi) dan Evaluation (evaluasi). Media yang dikembangkan akan diuji oleh ahli media dan materi untuk menilai kelayakan media sebelum diujikan kepada siswa. Hasil menunjukkan uji kelayakan ahli media sebesar 88,23%, uji kelayakan ahli materi 96,66%, uji coba kelompok kecil 90,22%, dan uji coba kelompok besar 89,33%. Dari keempat pengujian tersebut, aplikasi media pembelajaran yang dikembangkan termasuk dalam kategori “Sangat Layak”. Jadi dapat disimpulkan bahwa media pembelajaran sistem periodik unsur berbasis Android dengan metode pembelajaran Self Directed Learning di SMA Negeri 1 Durenan sangat layak untuk menunjang kegiatan pembelajaran di SMA Negeri 1 Durenan.
The N-terminal modification of HORMAD2 causes its ectopic persistence on synapsed chromosomes without meiotic blockade
Authors: Cossu Isabella G , Leu N Adrian , Guan Yongjuan , Wang P Jeremy
Published: February 2024

In brief

The dissociation of HORMA domain protein 2 (HORMAD2) from the synaptonemal complex is tightly regulated. This study reveals that the N-terminal region of HORMAD2 is critical for its dissociation from synapsed meiotic chromosomes.

During meiosis, homologous chromosomes undergo synapsis and recombination. HORMA domain proteins regulate key processes in meiosis. Mammalian HORMAD1 and HORMAD2 localize to unsynapsed chromosome axes but are removed upon synapsis by the TRIP13 AAA+ ATPase. TRIP13 engages the N-terminal region of HORMA domain proteins to induce an open conformation, resulting in the disassembly of protein complexes. Here, we report introduction of a 3×FLAG-HA tag to the N-terminus of HORMAD2 in mice. Coimmunoprecipitation coupled with mass spectrometry identified HORMAD1 and SYCP2 as HORMAD2-associated proteins in the testis. Unexpectedly, the N-terminal tagging of HORMAD2 resulted in its abnormal persistence along synapsed regions in pachynema and ectopic localization to telomeres in diplonema. Super-resolution microscopy revealed that 3×FLAG-HA-HORMAD2 was distributed along the central region of the synaptonemal complex, whereas wild-type HORMAD1 persisted along the lateral elements in 3×FLAG-HA-HORMAD2 meiocytes. Although homozygous mice completed meiosis and were fertile, homozygous males exhibited a significant reduction in sperm count. Collectively, these results suggest that the N-terminus of HORMAD2 is important for its timely removal from meiotic chromosome axes.
Preface to the adoption of judicial statutes and preparation for judicial reform in 1864
Authors: Prystash L.T.
Published: February 2024

The scientific article deals with the preconditions for the adoption of judicial statutes and the judicial reform of 1864, which was aimed at creating the rule of law and strengthening its institutions. The goals set for society led to progressive changes in both social and societal significance.The period of the XIX century. was important in the history of the Russian Empire, which then included most of Ukraine. It was at this time that the need arose to reform many areas, including the judiciary and the judiciary. All the reforms of the period 1860-1870, were the result of a crisis of n society and the entire feudal system. In Ukraine, this crisis had a number of features: the strengthening of the Polish national liberation movement on the Right Bank of Ukraine after the Crimean War of 1853-1856 significantly influenced the decision of the tsarist government to abolish serfdom and judicial reform.Various elements of state power and autocracy until the middle of the XIX century. became unusable, but among the organs of the state apparatus in the most neglected state was the judiciary.Not only the judiciary but also the judiciary was in decline. The problem of the judiciary was the mixture of judicial and administrative power. The pre-reform court was characterized by a plurality of judicial institutions, complexity and complexity of procedural requirements. Because of this, cases were often transferred from one court to another, often returning to the first instance, from where they were again transferred to higher instances.The judicial system, which existed at that time, with its principles of status, the presence of many instances, the characteristic ignorance of judges in cases, bureaucratic monopoly in public administration, could not guarantee and ensure proper legal protection of personal and property rights.One of the directions of development of social, democratic and sovereign Ukraine is the establishment of an integrated system of reliable state protection of human rights and freedoms, civil and national interests. Today is a difficult stage for the state to reform the judiciary, which requires both systemic changes to the Constitution of Ukraine and relevant legislation.
Liability for offenses related to interference with the activities of judges in Ukraine.
Authors: Tesliuk D.Iu.
Published: February 2024

Only the combination of two processes - criminalization and penalization - will make it possible to create an appropriate legal prerequisite for effective counteraction to a certain type of crime. The purpose of this article is to determine the forms and content of criminal liability for offenses related to encroachment on the activities of judges in Ukraine, their normative reflection and practical implementation. The analysis of sanctions of the criminal law norms on responsibility for encroachment on the activities of judges in Ukraine was carried out taking into account three main components: 1) adequacy and proportionality of the types and sizes of punishments established in the sanctions, to the nature and degree of public danger of the corresponding criminal offense; 2) taking into account the system-legal connections that arise between criminal law norms in terms of their sanctions, because the norms on responsibility for encroachment on the activities of judges are not unique and isolated; 3) the practice of using by the courts of Ukraine the possibilities of criminal-legal influence, which is laid down in the sanctions constructed by the legislator in the analyzed criminal-law norms. It has been established that the analysis of criminalization of encroachments on the activities of judges in Ukraine makes it possible to affirm the dependence of the level and intensity of repression on the type of norms in which the relevant sanctions are established. The legislator provides the law enforcer with a fairly wide arsenal of tools for criminal and legal influence on persons found guilty of assaulting judges in connection with their administration of justice. The article reveals the inconsistency of sanctions for similar (analogous) criminal offenses. This can be corrected in two main ways: 1) point changes in the criminal legislation, aimed at systematic harmonization of relevant sanctions; 2) changing the approach to the formation of criminal legislation as a whole, excluding unsubstantiated special norms and using other means of differentiating criminal responsibility. The practice of applying criminal legislation makes it possible to check the adequacy of sanctions only for one offense defined in Art. 377 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine «Threat or violence against a judge, people’s assessor or juror». Empirical research provides grounds for concluding that the appropriate sanction is adequate.
Tax control among controlling legal relations.
Authors: Petrovska I.I.
Published: February 2024

Tax control legal relations are part of financial control legal relations and international economic relations. They influence the development of the economy of the countries; the individual business entities activities.Tax control is a system of measures taken by tax authorities in order to control the correctness of calculation, completeness and timeliness of tax payment, compliance with legislation on the regulation of cash circulation, settlement and cash operations, patenting, licensing and other legislation, the control of compliance with which is entrusted to tax authorities in accordance with the tax law.Tax control relations arise on the basis of tax liability. Therefore, tax control relations are imperative and provided with special coercive measures.Tax control is carried out on the basis of keeping records of taxpayers; information and analytical support for the activities of tax authorities; tax audits for compliance with financial legislation and monitoring of controlled operations.Tax control is carried out by tax authorities in relation to taxpayers. Accounting data and the reliability of information received from taxpayers are analyzed during the control of tax relations. During tax control, international accounting standards and principles of auditing and financial monitoring are applied.
Isolation and identification of bacteria from engine oil polluted soil from mechanic workshops in Okija Town
Authors: MI Osuji , JN Ogbulie , CO Nweke , CE Nwanyanwu , PC Ndiukwu , CV Udeogu
Published: February 2024

This research was conducted for the isolation and identification of bacteria from engine oil polluted soil from mechanic workshops in Okija village. Two different mechanic workshops within Okija were selected and soil samples were collected differently based on top soil and depth soil from each site. Then 0.1ml was taken from the dilution 10-3 to 10-6 diluents and inoculated into a Bushnell Haas agar (containing: (g/l) 0.2, MgSO4; 0.02, CaCl2; 1.0, KH2PO4; 1.0, K2HPO4; 1.0, NH4NO3; 0.05, FeCl3; 20.0, Agar and 5ml of fresh engine oil as sole carbon source) and was incubated at 370C for 5 -7 days. Spread plate method involving the use of serial dilutions was employed for the isolation of bacteria. The culture was examined for bacterial growth and subsequently cultured the specific bacteria growth on nutrient agar plates with 2ml of fresh engine oil for 24 hours to determine engine oil degradability by the isolated bacteria. The numbers of viable bacterial count were 20, 26, 18 and 28 as expressed in colony forming units per milliliter (cfu/ml). The bacterial count was furthermore expressed in percentage per the dilution factor 10-3; S1Top, S1Depth, S2Top and S2Depth were 21.74%, 28.26%, 19.56% and 30.44% respectively. The bacteria species isolated were Serratia, Micrococcus, Pseudomonas and Bacillus species. Bacillus was the most dominant. There was presence and activity of bacteria species in the depth soil than top soil. The bacterial species isolated were able to degrade fresh engine oil especially Bacillus species. From, the data obtained it was found that depth soil has more presence and activity of bacterial species because there is less disturbance in the depth soil than top soil. Bacillus species and Pseudomonas species are most adapted to conditions present in soils polluted with used engine oil and hence could be exploited in bioremediation activities in cases of accidental oil spillage.
Regulatory provisions for determining parameters of nonlinear mechanical behavior in hardening soil models
Authors: Sharafutdinov R. F.
Published: February 2024

Presently, nonlinear mechanical soil models are widely used in the geotechnical practice. They are implemented in geotechnical finite-element software PLAXIS, MIDAS GTS NX, Z-Soil, Optum, etc. Notwithstanding the fact that International regulatory documents mainly recommend nonlinear models for calculating foundations, they do not specify methods for defining their parameters because nonlinear models are actually commercial products of various software manufactures and cannot be normalized in any country. For this very reason, specialists of Gersevanov Research Institute of Bases and Underground Structures (department of JSC "Research center of Construction") developed Standard of Organization STO 36554501-067-2021. The Standard is based on the world experience in assessing nonlinear model parameters defined with using advanced laboratory equipment. The article describes the most significant provisions of this Standard. Thus, depending on the problem to be solved, four groups of models are introduced: I - a model includes volumetric isotropic hardening (Soft Soil); II - a model includes volumetric isotropic hardening and rheological properties of the soil (Soft Soil Creep); III - a model includes double isotropic hardening (Hardening Soil) and IV - a model includes double isotropic hardening and stiffness at small strain (Hardening soil with small strain). Requirements to the necessary and sufficient types and scope of tests, which define model parameters, are reported. Taking into account that only laboratory tests define model parameters, Standard provides requirements for specimens' quality evaluation performed basing on measurements of the volumetric strain under effective natural stress. Specimens of poor and very poor quality cannot be considered. It is shown that power-law coefficient m , which indicates the relationship between soil stiffness and stress-strain-state in the models of III and IV groups can be received from triaxial compression and oedometer tests and shall be prescribed depending on prevailing deformation (shear or compression). Stiffness parameters at small strains can be defined wit in-situ tests (seismoacoustic profiling) or with laboratory tests (resonant column test, seismoacoustic profiling of specimens in triaxial cell equipped with bender element and strain gauges on the local base). The developed Standard specifies requirements for laboratory definition of stiffness at small strains.
Pile field numerical analysis at the stage of long-term impacts
Authors: Nuzhdin L. V. , Mikhaylov V. S.
Published: February 2024

The authors propose a combined approach for definition of the shear rigidity of the multilayered soil which is cut through by a pile. The solution for the vertical direction is presented in the view of an axisymmetric problem. As to the horizontal direction, the solution is presented in view of a beam on elastic subsoil with genetically non-linear transition to equivalent horizontal rigidity of the wide pile field in condition of dynamic forces action. The axisymmetric solution provides visual clarity in the analysis of the stress-strain state of the pile and near-pile soil in comparison with the approved analytical methods. To speed up calculations at the stage of the main combination of constant and long-term impacts, the vertical rigidity of the base under the foot of the pile can be calculated analytically as for a stamp on an elastic-plastic base. The horizontal rigidity is considered as for a discrete single bent pile in the medium of an elastic layered half-space at the stage of formation of the stress-strain state of the system under the main combination of static loads. These methods of numerical modeling of deformations of a single pile make it possible to expand the algorithm of analytical calculation of a large pile field, which in turn is modified by the authors by excluding deformations of the pile body due to its natural consideration in the finite element formulation, as well as by introducing the parameter of the limiting radius of the influence of a single pile on the settlement of neighboring piles. The considered numerical approaches to the calculation of the pile field are applicable in a complex calculation taking into account the history of loading at the stage of the main combination of permanent and long-term impacts. At the stages of short-term or special dynamic impacts an integral rigidity of pile cells is proposed, which will be considered in the next publication of the authors.
Analysis of the stability of the Kuban river landslide slope involving the materials of landslide hazard monitoring
Authors: Bandurin М. А. , Volosukhin V. A. , Prikhodko I. A. , Rudenko А. А.
Published: February 2024

The article discusses the improvement of methods for calculating the landslide threat in the monitoring of landslide hazard areas on the Kuban River and the study of the possibility of their negative impact on the operated hydraulic structures. The growth of economic activity, intensive use of water resources in the Kuban River basin leads to a decrease in the bearing capacity of slopes and an increase in landslide phenomena. These processes are also observed in the basins of other anthropogenically developed rivers of the Russian Federation. Shore protection structures and their construction are justified on the basis of the limit state method in accordance with the requirements of SR 58.13330.2011. The stability of such structures should be determined by reference to the stability conditions of the entire slope taking into account all acting loads and impacts. To solve this problem it is very effective to use a complex of structures regulating the flow of the river, flow guides (dams made of selected rockfill), slope-strengthening ones, etc. Measures justifying economic activity on a landslide slope are very effective. The right slope of the Kuban River in the suburbs of Armavir, Krasnodar Krai is characterized by the fact that significant (more than 3 m) fluctuations in inter-level and flood flow of rare frequency are observed on this section of the river. Realizing anti-landslide and bank strengthening measures it is necessary to provide for both a reduction in general and local erosion of the left bank and the drainage of groundwater and surface from the anthropogenically developed area adjacent to the right slope of the river Kuban. The purpose of this research is to substantiate the stability of the right slope of the Kuban River in the vicinity of the city of Armavir, Krasnodar Krai, where initial collapses are already taking place in connection with the construction of residential buildings in the immediate vicinity of the bank and the development of general and local erosion of the right bank of the river. The calculation is carried out according to several methods for the basic and special load combinations. These calculations are necessary to substantiate landslide and bank protection measures on the right bank of the Kuban River.
Molecular identification of \(\textit{Grateloupia}\) and \(\textit{Phyllymenia}\) (Grateloupiaceae) in Vietnam reveals a new record of \(\textit{G. yangjiangensis}\) based on rbcL gene sequences analysis
Authors: Nguyen Nhat Nhu Thuy , Nguyen Manh-Linh , Dam Duc-Tien , Nguyen Xuan-Thuy , Nguyen Trung-Hieu , Dao Viet-Ha , Nguyen Xuan-Vy
Published: February 2024

Worldwide, the marine macroalgae ‘Grateloupia filicina’ showed several lineages. Among them, Grateloupia filicina is limited to the Mediterranean basin. Previously, several cryptic species were identified as ‘Grateloupia filicina’. In this study, numerous Grateloupia spp. collected from coastal Vietnam and voucher specimens were used for morphological observation and phylogenetic analyses. Both analyses for samples collected at Nha Trang reveal a new record of G. yangjiangensis. The phylogenetic trees indicated that the herbarium vouchers labeled ‘G filicina’ and ‘G. livida’ from other locations of Vietnam group to G. yinggehaiensis clade. In addition, the phylogenetic trees also showed that the unknown Grateloupia sp. recently collected from Cat Ba Island is Phyllymenia taiwanensis. Therefore, a new record, G. yangjiangensis, is added to the Vietnamese flora.
The impact of an organizational error on a physician’s criminal liability
Authors: Malicka-Ochtera Anna
Published: February 2024

The article is devoted to the issue of organizational error and it’s impact on the criminal liability of the physician. Basic concepts, such as medical malpractice, due diligence, undesirable medical event are analyzed, and then the issues of the basis and types of physician's criminal liability and the phenomena of organizational errors are discussed. In practice, issues of shortcomings in the organization of work are rarely considered in criminal cases in order to minimize or exclude the physician's fault. Physicians always provides services in specific circumstances and often, even despite acting in accordance with the standard of current medical knowledge and with due diligence, he may not be able to meet the expectations of proper and effective treatment due to organizational reasons beyond his control. Proper collection and assessment of evidence, such as internal regulations of the organization of facilities, regulations, interviews with employees, allow us to reconstruct the reality in which the services were provided and which may affect the criminal liability of the doctor. For errors of an organizational nature, due to the specificity of civil liability, the construction of organizational fault and the principles of criminal liability, the entity is liable under civil law. In order to determine the criminal liability of the doctor in the proceedings, it should be stated that the doctor fulfilled all the characteristics by his behavior, committed a medical error for which he can be blamed.
Conscience clause – a moral excuse or a legal privilege?
Authors: Mikulska Ewelina
Published: February 2024

Law and conscience are more and more often analyzed together. The mutual influence of law and ethics raises many questions, to which it is in vain to look for a clear answer in the acts of statutory law. Due to the imperfection and incompleteness of legislation, which does not contain a definition of conscience itself, researchers are forced to base their considerations on legal-ethical grounds. It is up to ethicists to define what conscience is, and the law should defend its freedom. The conscience clause, i.e. the doctor’s right to refrain from performing health services inconsistent with his conscience, has been defined in the Act on the Professions of Physician and Dentist. However, this is not the only act that refers to the possibility of refusing a service that is inconsistent with the ethical attitude of a physician. Both the Code of Medical Ethics as a deontological act, acts of international law or even the teaching of the Catholic Church can provide a background for the search for a solution to this important legal issue. However, not every doctor’s decision to invoke the conscience clause will be protected. A number of questions also arise in connection with the progress of medical science. This article is an attempt to answer the question about the legal nature of the conscience clause.
The Values Expressed by the Legislator in the Purpose of the Activity of the National Bank of Poland. Selected Issues
Authors: Komierzyńska-Orlińska Eliza
Published: February 2024

The aim of the study is to show that the values expressed by the legislator in the purpose of the activity of the National Bank of Poland, both defined in the Constitution of the Republic of Poland and in the NBP Act, are complementary to each other, and that the purpose of the activity of the Polish central bank is not a „blank word” of the legislator. At the same time, it will be shown that there may be conflicts regarding its implementation, which may take place within the central bank as well as outside it. However, it is important to strive for coordination in this regard. The article puts forward the following hypothesis: the purpose of the activity of the National Bank of Poland, as defined by law, is not unambiguous; the legislator has „encoded” values in it, the interpretation of which and, consequently, the implementation of the purpose of the activity of the central bank of the Republic of Poland may cause conflicts, and for the economy, society, the state, synergy in this regard is optimal.
Organizational regulations of the Pontifical Swiss Guard in the XX–XXI century
Authors: Niewiński Łukasz
Published: February 2024

The Pontifical Swiss Guard (Guardia Svizzera Pontificia) is the oldest papal formation. The official date of the creation of the Swiss Guard is assumed to be January 22, 1506. From that time on, the formation has functioned almost without interruption. Since 1858, administrative and disciplinary regulations have formed the basis of its operation. To date, only six such regulations have been issued. This text aims to research two fundamental issues. Firstly, it will indicate the reasons that led to the publication of the successive organisational regulations of the Pontifical Swiss Guard in the 20th and 21st centuries. Secondly, the author intends to determine what kind of provisions in respective regulations were subject to the most frequent changes and what this resulted from. The question of regulations was also important for the mutual relations between Switzerland and the Vatican.
Cooperation in the process of ensuring safety of football matches – results of qualitative empirical research
Authors: Mączyński Piotr
Published: February 2024

In this paper, the author presents the research results conducted within the project titled “Cooperation in ensuring safety of football matches”, funded by the National Science Center (grant number 2016/23/N/HS5/00962). The article specifically focuses on the findings of qualitative research, synthesizing the conclusions drawn from them in conjunction with the analysis of applicable law and the results of quantitative research. Within the project, factors that promote and hinder cooperation among entities involved in ensuring the safety of football matches were identified, as well as factors associated with this cooperation that impact the safety of participants in such events.
International Legal Experience in the Field of Concluding a Marriage Contract
Authors: Shastina Anzhelika
Published: February 2024

A marriage contract has become a familiar tool for resolving property issues between persons who are legally married or planning to conclude one. Currently, the legally prescribed notarial registration of a marriage contract shows a significant statistical increase. In this regard, various legal issues arise in practice that require detailed study and solution. The purpose of this work is to identify, using the method of comparative research, the positive experience of foreign legal regulation of the institution of a marriage contract, in comparison with the Russian one, is longer and more extensive. The study allowed to determine that the development of the Russian institution of the marriage contract should be carried out both within the framework of the legal field and in the direction of increasing the popularity of the marriage contract as a legal instrument for regulating the property relations of spouses among the population, by changing the widespread opinion about the fragility of the union, which begins with resolving issues about joint property.
The author, studying and analyzing foreign legislation on the content of the marriage contract, exploring issues that are not subject to inclusion in the subject of contractual regulation, as well as the features of the conclusion, amendment and termination of the marriage contract, comes to the conclusion that the main Russian legislative prospects in improving the institution of the contractual regime spouses may arise in the area of distribution of contractual property obligations to persons who are not in a legally registered marriage, by analogy with a number of foreign countries.