bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of γ-oryzanol Accumulation and Lipid Metabolism in the Body of Mice Following Long-Term Administration of γ-oryzanol
Authors: Kobayashi Eri , Ito Junya , Shimizu Naoki , Kokumai Takumi , Kato Shunji , Sawada Kazue , Hashimoto Hiroyuki , Eitsuka Takahiro , Miyazawa Teruo , Nakagawa Kiyotaka
Published: January 2019

γ-Oryzanol (OZ), abundant in rice bran oil, has gained attention due to its physiological activities (e.g., lipid-lowering effects). However, the absorption and metabolism of orally ingested OZ have not yet been fully elucidated. In this study, diets containing normal or high contents of OZ were fed to obesity model mice for 8 weeks, and OZ concentrations in plasma and organs were analyzed by HPLC-MS/MS. To evaluate the relationship between OZ accumulation and lipid metabolism in vivo, lipid concentrations in the mice plasma and liver were also measured. As a result, the accumulation of intact OZ in plasma and organs was seen in mice fed diets containing OZ, where mice fed diets containing higher OZ contents demonstrated higher levels of OZ accumulation and lower amounts of plasma lipids. These results, in combination with our additional data from a single oral administration test, suggest the possibility that intact OZ, along with its metabolites (e.g., ferulic acid), is biologically-active.
Protective Effect of Resveratrol against Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury via Enhanced High Energy Compounds and eNOS-SIRT1 Expression in Type 2 Diabetic Female Rat Heart
Authors: Fourny Natacha , Lan Carole , Sérée Eric , Bernard Monique , Desrois Martine
Published: January 2019

Type 2 diabetic women have a high risk of mortality via myocardial infarction even with anti-diabetic treatments. Resveratrol (RSV) is a natural polyphenol, well-known for its antioxidant property, which has also shown interesting positive effects on mitochondrial function. Therefore, we aim to investigate the potential protective effect of 1 mg/kg/day of RSV on high energy compounds, during myocardial ischemia-reperfusion in type 2 diabetic female Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats. For this purpose, we used 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy in isolated perfused heart experiments, with a simultaneous measurement of myocardial function and coronary flow. RSV enhanced adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and phosphocreatine (PCr) contents in type 2 diabetic hearts during reperfusion, in combination with better functional recovery. Complementary biochemical analyses showed that RSV increased creatine, total adenine nucleotide heart contents and citrate synthase activity, which could be involved in better mitochondrial functioning. Moreover, improved coronary flow during reperfusion by RSV was associated with increased eNOS, SIRT1, and P-Akt protein expression in GK rat hearts. In conclusion, RSV induced cardioprotection against ischemia-reperfusion injury in type 2 diabetic female rats via increased high energy compound contents and expression of protein involved in NO pathway. Thus, RSV presents high potential to protect the heart of type 2 diabetic women from myocardial infarction.
Experimental Evaluation of Perfluorocarbon Aerosol Generation with Two Novel Nebulizer Prototypes
Authors: Aramendia Iñigo , Fernandez-Gamiz Unai , Lopez-Arraiza Alberto , Rey-Santano Carmen , Mielgo Victoria , Basterretxea Francisco Jose , Sancho Javier , Gomez-Solaetxe Miguel Angel
Published: January 2019

The potential of non-invasive ventilation procedures and new minimally invasive techniques has resulted in the research of alternative approaches as the aerosolization for the treatment of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). The aim of this work was to design two nebulizer prototypes and to evaluate them studying the particle size distribution of the inhaled droplets generated with distilled water and two perfluorocarbons (PFCs). Different experiments were performed with driving pressures of 1–3 bar for each compound. An Aerodynamic Particle Sizer was used to measure the aerodynamic diameter (Da), the mass median aerodynamic diameter (MMAD) and the geometric standard deviation (GSD). The results showed that both prototypes produced heterodisperse aerosols with Da mean values in all cases below 5 µm. The initial experiments with distilled water showed MMAD values lower than 9 µm and up to 15 µm with prototype 1 and prototype 2, respectively. Regarding the PFCs, relatively uniform MMAD values close to 12 µm were achieved. The air delivery with outer lumens of prototype 1 presented more suitable mass distribution for the generation and delivery of a uniform aerosol than the two half-circular ring geometry proposed in the prototype 2.
The First Synthesis of Periodic and Alternating Glycopolymers by RAFT Polymerization: A Novel Synthetic Pathway for Glycosaminoglycan Mimics
Authors: Minoda Masahiko , Otsubo Tomomi , Yamamoto Yohei , Zhao Jianxin , Honda Yoshitomo , Tanaka Tomonari , Motoyanagi Jin
Published: January 2019

This study concerned the controlled synthesis of periodic glycopolymers by reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) copolymerization. To this end, maltose- and lactose-substituted vinyl ethers (MalVE and LacVE, respectively) and maltose-substituted maleimide (MalMI) were newly synthesized. RAFT copolymerization of MalVE and ethyl maleimide (EtMI) (monomer feed ratio: MalVE:EtMI = 1:1) afforded periodic glycopolymers (poly(MalVE-co-EtMI)) consisting of major parts of alternating structure (-(MalVE-EtMI)n-) and a small part of consecutive sequences of EtMI (–EtMI-EtMI-). Occurrence of the latter sequences was caused by the homopolymerizability of maleimide under the present polymerization condition, and the formation of the consecutive sequences of EtMI was successfully suppressed by varying the monomer feed ratio. RAFT copolymerization of LacVE and EtMI was also found to proceed and similarly yielded periodic glycopolymers (poly(LacVE-co-EtMI)). Moreover, RAFT copolymerization of LacVE and MalMI (monomer feed ratio: LacVE:MalMI = 1:1) was performed to give copolymers (poly(LacVE-co-MalMI)) having composition ratio of LacVE/MalMI ≈ 36/64. The resultant periodic glycopolymers poly(MalVE-co-EtMI) and poly(LacVE-co-EtMI) were subjected to lectin binding assay using concanavalin A and peanut agglutinin, exhibiting the glycocluster effect. Moreover, these glycopolymers obtained from the copolymerization of VE and MI were found to be non-cytotoxic.
Thermal Degradation and Flame Retardant Mechanism of the Rigid Polyurethane Foam Including Functionalized Graphene Oxide
Authors: Chen Xuexi , Li Junfei , Gao Ming
Published: January 2019

A flame retardant rigid polyurethane foam (RPUF) system containing functionalized graphene oxide (fGO), expandable graphite (EG), and dimethyl methyl phosphonate (DMMP) was prepared and investigated. The results show that the limiting oxygen index (LOI) of the flame-retardant-polyurethane-fGO (FRPU/fGO) composites reached 28.1% and UL-94 V-0 rating by adding only 0.25 g fGO. The thermal degradation of FRPU samples was studied using thermogravimetric analysis (TG) and the Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) analysis. The activation energies (Ea) for the main stage of thermal degradation were obtained using the Kissinger equation. It was found that the fGO can considerably increase the thermal stability and decrease the flammability of RPUF. Additionally, the Ea of FRPU/fGO reached 191 kJ·mol−1, which was 61 kJ·mol−1 higher than that of the pure RPUF (130 kJ·mol−1). Moreover, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results showed that fGO strengthened the compactness and the strength of the “vermicular” intumescent char layer improved the insulation capability of the char layer to gas and heat.
Biological and Physicochemical Assessment of Middle Ear Prosthesis
Authors: Ziąbka Magdalena , Dziadek Michał , Królicka Aleksandra
Published: January 2019

Polymers modified with bioactive nanoparticles are a promising solution for patients who need a tissue replacement. Modern implants, thanks to bioactive and bactericidal functions, facilitate the healing and regeneration process of the replaced tissue. The aim of this study was to assess whether silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) could support antibacterial function without cytotoxic effect and deterioration of biostability. This article describes biological and physiochemical aspects concerning a new polymeric middle ear implant (Otoimplant) enriched with silver nanoparticles. This kind of prosthesis is a promising implant for the reconstruction of ossicles in ossiculoplasty. We found that incorporation of silver nanoparticles into a polymeric matrix resulted in bactericidal efficacy against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, both resistant to antibiotics and basic strains. Our prostheses do not show cytotoxic effect and are a suitable biomaterial platform for effective culture of Saos2 and NHOst osteoblastic cells. The in vitro incubation of the samples in distilled water revealed that surface parameters, such as roughness, may slightly increase as a result of unveiling nanoparticles. However, the prolonged immersion does not change mechanical parameters. During one-year incubation, the prosthesis proved to retain stable values of Young’s modulus, tensile strength, propagation of longitudinal ultrasonic waves, pH, and conductivity.
Proposed Mechanism for the High-Yield Polymerization of Oxyethyl Propiolates with Rh Complex Catalyst Using the Density Functional Theory Method
Authors: Yoshida Yoshiaki , Mawatari Yasuteru , Tabata Masayoshi
Published: January 2019

In this study, poly(oxyethyl propiolate)s (POP)s featuring various oxyethylene derivatives are synthesized using a [Rh(norbornadiene)Cl]2 catalyst. In particular, POPs featuring the normal oxyethylene chain in the side-chain exhibit excellent yields and high molecular weights in methanol and N,N-dimethylformamide at 40 °C, compared with poly(n-alkyl propiolate)s (PnAP)s. The high reactivity of the oxyethyl propiolate (OP) monomers is clarified by considering the time dependences of the polymerization yields of OPs and alkyl propiolates (Aps). Furthermore, the monomer structure and intermediate conformation of the Rh complex are optimized using Density Function theory (DFT) methods (B3LYP/6-31G** and B3LYP/LANL2DZ) and a polymerization mechanism is proposed.
Electroluminochromic Materials: From Molecules to Polymers
Authors: Chua Ming Hui , Zhu Qiang , Shah Kwok Wei , Xu Jianwei
Published: January 2019

Electroluminochromism is an interesting property found in certain classes of molecules and polymers whose photoluminescence can be modulated through the application of an external electrical bias. Unlike electrochromic materials, electroluminochromic counterparts and their applications are comparatively fewer in quantity and are less established. Nonetheless, there prevails an increasing interest in this class of electro-active materials due to their potential applications in optoelectronics, such as smart-displays, and chemical and biological sensing. This review seeks to showcase the different classes of electroluminochromic materials with focus on (i) organic molecules, (ii) transition metal complexes, and (iii) organic polymers. The mechanisms and electroluminochromic performance of these classes of materials are summarized. This review should allow scientists to have a better and deeper understanding of materials design strategies and, more importantly, structure-property relationships and, thus, develops electroluminochromic materials with desired performance in the future.
Job and the Bible’s Theo-Political Divide
Authors: Fisch Menachem
Published: January 2019

The book of Job presents a unique and detailed contrastive study of two fundamental and fundamentally opposed religious personae: Job, on the one hand, and the collective image of his friends on the other. It is a normative dispute about the religion’s most basic norm of disposition. How is one to respond to inexplicable disaster when one believes one is blameless? What is the religiously appropriate response to catastrophe? To confront God’s judgment as did Job, or to submissively surrender to it, as his four friends insist he should? Is one supposed to question divine justice when deemed to be wanting, as did Job, or to suppress any thought to the contrary and deem it to be just, come what may? Rather than expound (once again) upon the theological implications of the Job dispute, this paper focuses on its theological-political dimensions, and its looming and vivid, yet largely overlooked presence in the Hebrew Bible’s master narrative; and more specifically, on the marked, if inevitable antinomian nature of the Jobian side to the divide.
Spiritual Discernment, the Incorporated Organization, and Corporate Law: The Case of Quaker Business Method
Authors: Burton Nicholas , Bainbridge Jonathan
Published: January 2019

The purpose of this paper is to examine the extent to which practices from the spiritual traditions—in our case, spiritual discernment—may offer opportunities for management innovation in non-religious organizations in designing collaborative and participative decision-making processes. We examine the case of a spiritual discernment practice associated with the Religious Society of Friends (Quakers) in the UK—known as the Quaker Business Method (QBM)—to help illuminate the opportunities of spiritual discernment in private limited companies. Given that the majority of non-religious, trading organizations are structured as private limited companies, our paper addresses the extent to which QBM can be utilized by such entities. Thus, we bring religion and corporate law into conversation to address this under-explored terrain. We find that embedding many elements of Quaker spiritual discernment in private limited companies pose non-trivial challenges. However, many of these challenges can be overcome so long as those involved in managing and owning organizations actively engage with corporate law, and specifically consider the benefits of adopting bespoke articles of association or entering into a separate shareholder agreement to reflect the practice of spiritual discernment. We necessarily adopt a practice-orientated perspective, and conclude by proposing new pathways for future research.
The Analysis of Technical Trend in Islanding Operation, Harmonic Distortion, Stabilizing Frequency, and Voltage of Islanded Entities
Authors: Tran Thanh Son , Nguyen Duc Tuyen , Fujita Goro
Published: January 2019

This paper focuses on autonomous multi-islanded entities and the seamless reconnection to the main grid as the self-healing ability of the future power system. The minimization of power quality issues (mainly that of voltage, frequency, and harmonics) in such entities based on controllers, with or without intercommunication, is also an important part of this paper. The future power system, with the significant penetration of distributed generations (DGs), can rapidly respond to any problem occurring within it by separating into autonomous islanded entities to prevent the disconnection of DGs. As a result, high-quality and continuous power is supplied to consumers. Finally, future research that is necessary for the realization of the future power system is discussed.
Erratum: Del Barrio, E. et al. From Active Aging to Active Citizenship: The Role of (Age) Friendliness. Social Sciences, 2018, 7, 134
Authors: Del Barrio Elena , Marsillas Sara , Buffel Tine , Smetcoren An-Sofie , Sancho Mayte
Published: January 2019

The authors wish to make the following correction to their paper (Del Barrio 2018) [...]
Deep Temporal–Spatial Aggregation for Video-Based Facial Expression Recognition
Authors: Pan Xianzhang , Guo Wenping , Guo Xiaoying , Li Wenshu , Xu Junjie , Wu Jinzhao
Published: January 2019

The proposed method has 30 streams, i.e., 15 spatial streams and 15 temporal streams. Each spatial stream corresponds to each temporal stream. Therefore, this work correlates with the symmetry concept. It is a difficult task to classify video-based facial expression owing to the gap between the visual descriptors and the emotions. In order to bridge the gap, a new video descriptor for facial expression recognition is presented to aggregate spatial and temporal convolutional features across the entire extent of a video. The designed framework integrates a state-of-the-art 30 stream and has a trainable spatial–temporal feature aggregation layer. This framework is end-to-end trainable for video-based facial expression recognition. Thus, this framework can effectively avoid overfitting to the limited emotional video datasets, and the trainable strategy can learn to better represent an entire video. The different schemas for pooling spatial–temporal features are investigated, and the spatial and temporal streams are best aggregated by utilizing the proposed method. The extensive experiments on two public databases, BAUM-1s and eNTERFACE05, show that this framework has promising performance and outperforms the state-of-the-art strategies.
New Numerical Method for the Rotation form of the Oseen Problem with Corner Singularity
Authors: Rukavishnikov Viktor A. , Rukavishnikov Alexey V.
Published: January 2019

In the paper, a new numerical approach for the rotation form of the Oseen system in a polygon Ω with an internal corner ω greater than 180 ∘ on its boundary is presented. The results of computational simulations have shown that the convergence rate of the approximate solution (velocity field) by weighted FEM to the exact solution does not depend on the value of the internal corner ω and equals O ( h ) in the norm of a space W 2 , ν 1 ( Ω ) .
Asymmetric Putnam-Fuglede Theorem for (n,k)-Quasi-∗-Paranormal Operators
Authors: Bachir Ahmed , Segres Abdelkader
Published: January 2019

T ∈ B ( H ) is said to be ( n , k ) -quasi-∗-paranormal operator if, for non-negative integers k and n, ∥ T ∗ ( T k x ) ∥ ( 1 + n ) ≤ ∥ T ( 1 + n ) ( T k x ) ∥ ∥ T k x ∥ n ; for all x ∈ H . In this paper, the asymmetric Putnam-Fuglede theorem for the pair ( A , B ) of power-bounded operators is proved when (i) A and B ∗ are n-∗-paranormal operators (ii) A is a ( n , k ) -quasi-∗-paranormal operator with reduced kernel and B ∗ is n-∗-paranormal operator. The class of ( n , k ) -quasi-∗-paranormal operators properly contains the classes of n-∗-paranormal operators, ( 1 , k ) -quasi-∗-paranormal operators and k-quasi-∗-class A operators. As a consequence, it is showed that if T is a completely non-normal ( n , k ) -quasi-∗-paranormal operator for k = 0 , 1 such that the defect operator D T is Hilbert-Schmidt class, then T ∈ C 10 .
The Multi-Scale Temporal Variability of Extreme Precipitation in the Source Region of the Yellow River
Authors: Jiang Peng , Yu Zhongbo , Yuan Feifei , Acharya Kumud
Published: January 2019

Changes in extreme precipitation are critical to assess the potential impacts of climate change on human and natural systems. This paper provides a comprehensive investigation on the multi-scale temporal variability of extreme precipitation in the Source Region of the Yellow River (SRYR). The statistical analysis explores multi-scale extreme precipitation variability ranging from short to long term, including seasonal, annual, and inter-annual variations at different locations in the SRYR. The results suggest that seasonal patterns of extreme precipitation do not always follow the seasonal pattern of total precipitation. Heavy precipitation mostly happens during the period from May and October with July as the peak, while dry conditions are mostly seen in winter seasons. However, there are no significant annual trends for most indices at most locations. The extreme heavy precipitation presents an increasing trend at high elevation and decreasing trend at low elevation. The extreme dry condition presents more consistently decreasing trends at nearly all locations. Long-term analyses indicate that most of the selected indices except average daily intensity display multi-year bands ranging from 2 to 8 years which is probably due to the effects of El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO). A further evaluation on how the ENSO events would impact extreme precipitation shows that eastern Pacific warming (EPW) and central Pacific warming (CPW) would bring less extreme heavy precipitation compared to normal years. These results can provide a beneficial reference to understand the temporal variability of extreme precipitation in the SRYR.
Hydrogeochemical Characteristics and Quality Assessment of Groundwater in an Irrigated Region, Northwest China
Authors: Chen Jie , Huang Qiwei , Lin Yaling , Fang Yuan , Qian Hui , Liu Ruiping , Ma Hongyun
Published: January 2019

Groundwater is one of the most important sources of water for drinking and irrigation in arid and semi-arid regions of the world. In this study, 50 groundwater samples were collected and analyzed for various chemical constituents (pH, TDS, Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, SO42−, Cl−, HCO3−, NO3−, and F−) to identify the hydrogeochemical characteristics, and to evaluate its suitability for drinking and irrigation uses in Zhongning area of Northwest China. Results showed that groundwater was slightly alkaline in nature. Fluoride and nitrate concentrations in the groundwater of the study region were much higher than its prescribed limits for drinking purposes. A factor analysis (FA) was implemented to understand the contamination source of groundwater in the region, and the results indicated that rock–water interaction, geogenic, and human-induced contamination were the major factors influencing groundwater chemistry. An entropy-weighted water quality index (EWQI) was employed to evaluate the water quality for drinking purpose. Mg2+, Ca2+, SO42-, HCO3−, and TDS played the leading roles in influencing the groundwater quality with high weights. Forty-eight percent of groundwater samples were unfit for drinking purpose in the study area, due to poor quality. Elevated concentrations of SO42−, Cl− and NO3−-N in groundwater caused poor quality and extremely poor quality water, which may be attributed to human activities. According to the calculation of sodium percentage (Na%), sodium adsorption ration (SAR), and permeability index (PI), the majority of the groundwater samples were suitable for irrigation. However, it should be noted that 26% of the samples were unfit for irrigation because of the high salinity in the groundwater. This is mainly attributed to the intense evaporation and the intensified irrigation activities in the region. The findings in this study contribute to a better understanding of groundwater sustainability for supporting water management and protection in the future.
ESTIMATION OF WARRANTY PERIOD FOR STRUCTURAL COMPONENTS OF AIRCRAFT
Authors: Nechval Nicholas A. , Nechval Konstantin N. , Vasermanis Edgars
Published: January 2019

One of the most important problems in fatigue analysis and design of aircraft structures is the prediction of fatigue crack growth in service. Available in‐service inspection data for various types of aircraft indicate that the fatigue crack damage accumulation in service involves considerable statistical variability. In this paper, we consider the problem of estimating the minimum time to crack initiation (or warranty period) for a number of aircraft structural components, before which no cracks (that may be detected) in materials occur, based on the results of previous warranty period tests on the structural components in question. This problem is a special case of a general class of problems concerned with the analysis of fatigue crack damage accumulation in aircraft service. The technique proposed here for solving this problem emphasizes pivotal quantities relevant for obtaining ancillary statistics. Attention is restricted to invariant families of distributions. Numerical examples are given.
THE INFLUENCE OF CORROSION ON RELIABILITY AND INSPECTION PROGRAM FOR FATIGUE‐PRONE AIRFRAME STRUCTURES
Authors: Wahab M. Shujauddin , Paramonov Yuri M.
Published: January 2019

This paper is devoted to a discussion and solution of the following problems: Determination of mean value and variance of estimates of parameters of fatigue crack growth model for both the corroded and non‐corroded types of specimens; Inspection modeling with the use of the Monte Carlo method for calculation of probability of fatigue failure as a function of inspection number; Determination of the number of inspections required for the limitation of fatigue failure probability; Comparison of required reliability for corroded and non‐corroded cases. Special programs have been developed for necessary calculations. It was confirmed that the influence of corrosion has a great impact on the required number of inspections.
ASPECTS OF QUALITY EVALUATION IN AVIATION MAINTENANCE
Authors: Gališanskis Artūras
Published: January 2019

This article deals with the review of the main parameters and assessment of a quality system. A quality assurance system and its management are of great importance to an aviation organization whether it is large or small. The final task of the quality system is to ensure the technical aircraft maintenance system at a high level of quality, to ensure airworthiness of the aircraft. In our days Total Quality Management (TQM), as a new philosophy, is gaining power in civil aviation. Seeking quality is vital for maintenance organization for such reasons as the survival of the organization and competitiveness in the market. TQM is directly connected with the ISO 9000:2000 series standard implementation and involves many other parameters such as the qualifications of personnel and training. As an instrument for control, an audit, done by themselves or by an outside company, is indicated.
Sharia mutual funds performance in Indonesia
Authors: Robiyanto Robiyanto , Santoso Michael Alexander , Ernayani Rihfenti
Published: January 2019

The study aims to measure each Sharia mutual fund performance and compare with market performance in Indonesia. Sharia mutual fund investment instruments in Indonesia have positive developments over the period from 2012 to 2017. These positive developments add to the option of investment instruments for public, especially investors who put forward the principles of Sharia. This research was conducted so that the public could have scientific information about Sharia mutual funds that have the best performance. The study found consistent results regarding Sharia mutual funds with the best performance on Sharpe and Jensen measurement methods. The best performing Sharia mutual fund by using those methods was PNM Syariah, while the lowest-performing mutual fund was PNM Amanah Syariah if measured by using Sharpe Index and PNM Ekuitas Syariah if measured by using Jensen Alpha. Different results were found when Sharia mutual fund performance was measured using Treynor Ratio Information Ratio, where the best Sharia mutual fund performance was by Manulife Syariah Sectoral Amanah mutual fund while the lowest performance was by Cipta Syariah Equity mutual fund. This findings are expected to be useful for Sharia-based investors.
La démocratie ensauvagée
Authors: Guichoux Arthur
Published: January 2019

La démocratie réside moins dans l’institution que dans les pratiques conflictuelles qui revendiquent de nouveaux droits et débordent l’Etat. Le mouvement des places, qui ensauvage la démocratie, en témoigne.
Amérique latine entre vieilles et nouvelles dépendances : le rôle de la Chine dans la dispute (inter)hégémonique
Authors: Svampa Maristella , Slipak Ariel , Prévôt-Schapira Marie-France
Published: January 2019

Un des aspects les plus saillants de l’économie politique internationale est l’importance croissante de la République populaire de Chine (RPC) en tant que grande puissance non seulement industrielle et commerciale, mais aussi technologique, financière et militaire, dotée d’une capacité croissante à exercer son pouvoir au sein des organismes internationaux et sur des pays tiers, notamment sur les nations du « Sud global ». Dans cet article, nous aborderons la question de l’expansion géopolitique et géoéconomique de la RPC et de ses relations commerciales et politiques avec l’Amérique latine. Dans des travaux antérieurs, nous avons caractérisé un nouveau type d’intégration dépendante de l’Amérique latine à partir des catégories telles que le « consensus des commodities  » et le « consensus de Beijing ». Face au virage politique actuel dans les pays de la région et au développement croissant des tensions entre la Chine et les États-Unis depuis l’élection de Donald Trump à la tête de la première puissance, nous proposons de réexaminer ce diagnostic.
La cryogénisation
Authors: Caire Anne-Blandine
Published: January 2019

De nos jours, la cryogénisation est une réalité. Technique de conservation des corps, elle n’est pas autorisée par le droit français mais est en pleine expansion aux Etats-Unis et dans d’autres États. Elle est parfois appréhendée comme relevant du droit funéraire alors qu’elle est conçue par ses défenseurs comme le préalable à une future reviviscence. Les questions éthiques et juridiques qu’elle soulève sont nombreuses et symptomatiques de l’émergence d’un droit existentiel.
Le transhumanisme : une utopie à déconstruire
Authors: Pedrot Philippe
Published: January 2019

Dans un univers de flux illimités et de changements constants, il est nécessaire de repenser la question de notre vision du monde. Que deviennent les sociétés qui, à cause des mutations perpétuelles manquent de cadres, de références solides et durables ? Les frontières, au sens large du terme, ne sont pas seulement territoriales. Elles sont aussi temporelles, culturelles, juridiques, politiques et anthropologiques. Afin de répondre à l’utopie transhumaniste, il faut au contraire affirmer que ce qui est possible n’est pas nécessairement souhaitable.
Les questions environnementales, espace de (re)politisation de la jeunesse taïwanaise
Authors: Lepesant Tanguy
Published: January 2019

La jeunesse taïwanaise est souvent pointée du doigt par les générations actuellement au pouvoir et stigmatisée pour son inconsistance, son manque de ténacité face à la pression et son « incurie politique ». Pourtant, cette nouvelle génération a été au cœur de tous les grands mouvements sociaux des années 2010, notamment sur les questions environnementales. Cet article souhaite montrer en quoi ces dernières constituent l’un des espaces actuels de politisation de la plus jeune des générations de citoyens taïwanais. Trois aspects de cette mise en contact avec le politique seront étudiés. Tout d’abord, le retour en force des questions environnementales participe à la création d’un sentiment plus général de crise et d’urgence au sein d’une jeunesse saisie par l’impression grandissante de la faillite du modèle de développement économique mis en place par les générations précédentes. Ensuite, les protestations générées par ce sentiment de crise ont contribué à faire sauter certains verrous psychologiques au sein de la jeunesse taïwanaise en produisant une transformation radicale du rapport à la contestation dans une société encore très conservatrice. Enfin, ces sujets de préoccupation constituent des voies dérivées de matérialisation d’un espace politique commun renforçant l’identification à une communauté de destin liée au territoire de Taïwan et à sa survie.
Les deux Corées depuis 1945 : guerre froide et nationalisme coréen
Authors: Morillot Juliette
Published: January 2019

Prise en tenaille entre les empires chinois et japonais, la petite péninsule coréenne n’a guère été au cours de son histoire maîtresse de son destin. Le 38 e  parallèle, dernière balafre de la guerre froide sur le globe terrestre, rappelle qu’aujourd’hui encore celle-ci demeure un important enjeu géostratégique pour les grandes puissances. Contrairement à la Chine qui affirma son pouvoir en assimilant les cultures étrangères, le nationalisme coréen, forgé dans la résistance à l’ennemi tout autant que dans une farouche volonté d’indépendance, reste au cœur des mentalités au Nord comme au Sud. Au cœur aussi du rapprochement historique que connaissent aujourd’hui les frères ennemis.
Un seul peuple et un nationalisme partagé ?
Authors: Sun-song Park , Hyun-tag Shin
Published: January 2019

Cet article analyse la formation et l’évolution des nationalismes propres à la Corée du Sud et à la Corée du Nord, nations issues d’un même peuple. Sous le « système de division » imposé, la Corée du Sud a connu, jusqu’aux années 1990, une confrontation entre nationalisme étatique et nationalisme populaire anti-régime. Cependant, depuis la démocratisation de la Corée du Sud, l’influence de ces deux nationalismes s’est significativement affaiblie. Malgré les divergences apparentes entre ces derniers, il est possible de conclure que le principe même de la cause nationale – autodétermination et unification – demeure le ciment des relations intercoréennes.
Intention de quitter les services de premier niveau chez les sages-femmes et infirmières-obstétriciennes au Mali
Authors: Sidibé Cheick Sidya , Bintou Traoré Fatoumata , Keita Assa , Touré Ousmane , Dieleman Marjolein
Published: January 2019

Introduction : Le Mali connaît un taux élevé de décès maternels et néonatals. Son système de santé souffre d’un manque et d’une distribution inéquitable de personnel soignant. Celui-ci est réticent à travailler dans les services de premier niveau et à y rester. Cette étude analyse l’intention des sages-femmes et infirmières-obstétriciennes de quitter le poste qu’elles occupent au sein de ces structures, et explore les facteurs de management qui participent de cette intention. Méthodes : Une étude mixte transversale a été conduite auprès de 220 sages-femmes et infirmières-obstétriciennes dans 46 structures de santé de trois régions sanitaires. Des analyses descriptives et bivariées ont permis de tester les liens existant entre les pratiques managériales, les caractéristiques démographiques et l’intention de quitter son poste. Les facteurs sous-jacents pouvant expliquer ce souhait ont été appréhendés à partir d’une analyse thématique des données. Résultats : Près de la moitié des sages-femmes et infirmières-obstétriciennes souhaitent quitter leur poste. Cette intention est plus marquée chez les sages-femmes ayant peu d’attrait pour le service de premier niveau aussi bien rural qu’urbain. Lui sont associés l’âge, le type de structure et la zone d’affectation. Les pratiques managériales, variables selon les localités et les types de structure, ont également une certaine influence sur cette intention. Conclusion : L’intention de quitter son poste est très présente chez les sages-femmes et infirmières-obstétriciennes exerçant dans les services de premier niveau. Celle-ci est davantage influencée par les pratiques managériales en milieu rural et chez les infirmières-obstétriciennes.
Management des déchets médicaux et risque biologique à l’hôpital universitaire de Cocody, Côte d’Ivoire
Authors: N’Zi Konan Constant , Traoré Youssouf , Dindji Médé Roger , Acho Yapo Blaise , Bonny Jean-Sylvain
Published: January 2019

Objectif : Cette étude décrit le système de gestion des déchets biomédicaux à l’hôpital universitaire de Cocody (Côte d’Ivoire) et évalue le risque biologique du personnel de soins et de nettoyage. Méthode : Du 1 er au 21 août 2015, une enquête transversale a été menée dans quatre services : réanimation, gynécologie-obstétrique, pédiatrie-néonatalogie et anatomie-pathologie. Le personnel de soins et de nettoyage a renseigné un questionnaire standardisé portant sur les caractéristiques professionnelles, la politique de gestion, le traitement des déchets biomédicaux et le risque biologique. Résultats : La gestion des déchets biomédicaux était irrationnelle pour trois raisons : insuffisance de la politique de gestion, déficit de ressources matérielles et en formation du personnel. Le risque biologique était alors évident pour le personnel. Les résultats objectivaient l’absence de microplans (92,23 %) et d’outils de gestion des déchets (83,50 %). Aucun responsable de la gestion des déchets biomédicaux n’était identifié dans les services (78,64 %). Le tri sélectif était pratiqué pour les objets piquants, coupants et tranchants, avec des boîtes de sécurité conventionnelles (59,22 %), remplies à débordement (44,6 %). Le chromo-codage n’était pas respecté pour les autres déchets infectieux, seuls des sachets noirs étaient disponibles (95,15 %). Les poubelles servant à la collecte des déchets (90,3 %) étaient démunies de fermetures (84,47 %). Environ 40 % des participants n’étaient pas immunisés contre le virus de l’hépatite B et 16 % signalaient des cas d’accident d’exposition au sang (AES). Un tiers des participants (30 %) n’était ni sensibilisé ni formé au traitement des déchets biomédicaux. Conclusion : Une politique de gestion participative, la formation et la sensibilisation du personnel sont des axes prioritaires pour améliorer la qualité de la gestion des déchets biomédicaux dans cet hôpital.
Le réseau maçonnique et les médias, entre amour et désamour
Authors: Bryon-Portet Céline
Published: January 2019

Portée par un idéal de fraternité universelle, la franc-maçonnerie s’est très vite développée autour de la construction d’un réseau relationnel de nature planétaire, destiné à rassembler les initiés du monde entier. Dans la construction de cette chaîne d’union, le livre imprimé et les médias de masse ont joué un rôle déterminant mais ambivalent, tantôt facilitateur, tantôt destructeur. Aujourd’hui internet, à son tour, avec ses sites, ses blogs, ses forums et ses réseaux sociaux numériques, pourrait bien contribuer à la transformation progressive du réseau maçonnique…
Enjeux économiques de l’ubérisation : histoire, innovations, nouvelles frontières du salariat et de la firme, affaiblissement de la croissance économique
Authors: Blancheton Bertrand
Published: January 2019

L’objectif de cet article est d’offrir une analyse exploratoire des enjeux économiques naissants de l’ubérisation. Nous mobilisons comme fil conducteur la théorie de Coase (1937) afin de voir dans quelle mesure les nouvelles technologies constituent une rupture en matière de frontière du salariat, de coûts de transaction et pourraient déplacer les frontières de la firme. Nous éclairons aussi le modèle économique des plateformes de service. Leur course à la taille, l’incertitude sur leurs profits futurs et l’euphorie qui entoure l’ubérisation font planer la menace d’une crise financière dont les plateformes seraient l’épicentre. Nous étudions enfin le faible impact de l’ubérisation sur la croissance potentielle des économies.
Data protection by design: Organizational integration
Authors: Martín-Romo Romero Santiago , De-Pablos-Heredero Carmen
Published: January 2019

Firms perform the processing of physical personal data and are obliged to protect them according to the Acts. In the European Union, the General Regulation for Data Protection (GDPR) obliges firms to be proactive in the protection of the personal data they process, through data protection from the design. In this research, a group of technical and organizational measures to include in processing, under the focus of data protection from the design is determined from the definition of the processes in which data are processed. These activities, realized by making use of different firm’s profiles, promote the need to develop a proper organizational integration amongst participants. The activities done by different profiles at firms promote the need to develop an organizational integration amongst participants, activities performed by different agents, results interchanged and common products used.
Web-based Professional Education for Advanced Practice Nursing: A Consumer Guide for Program Selection
Authors: Ali Nagia S , Hodson-Carlton Kay , Ryan Marilyn
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT

As Web-based education becomes increasingly available, there are more educational opportunities to pursue an advanced practice degree. Despite the increasing number of schools delivering Web-based education courses and programs, evaluation of these programs is primarily in beginning stages. The purposes of this article are first to present a scenario of how a Midwestern nursing school developed, implemented, and continually evaluates Web-based education in its master's program, and second to present a consumer guide for program selection. Elements in the guide are derived from program accrediting agencies, the literature, and distance learning experiences. The consumer's guide is presented for nurses interested in exploring or continuing the completion of an advanced practice degree.
Reflections on the Changing Learning Needs of Nurses: A Challenge for Nursing Continuing Educators
Authors: Collins Janet M
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT

Assessing the needs of learners is an essential prerequisite to planning effective nursing continuing education activities. Recorded differences over a 5-year period of gathering such assessments at one university-based continuing education division have relevance for nursing continuing educators and nursing leaders. A shift to more personal psychological interests of nurses may be reflective of the stressors of a changing system of health care delivery during this same time period. Nursing continuing educators are challenged to assist nurses to adapt successfully to these changes in the health care system and in the profession of nursing.
Ballad and Street Literature Printing in Petticoat Lane, 1740s-1760s
Authors: Atkinson David
Published: January 2019

The strongest evidence for ballads in eighteenth-century England lies in the considerable numbers of printed broadsides and chapbooks that survive from the period. The printers of ballads also issued prose works aimed at the same street literature market. This paper provides a glimpse into the trade by describing the variety of publications issued by Larkin How in London’s Petticoat Lane from the 1740s to the 1760s.
***
Najmočnejši dokaz obstoja balad v Angliji 18. stoletja so številne ohranjene natisnjene balade na letakih in v majhnih knjižicah. Tiskarji balad so izdajali tudi pripovedi, prav tako namenjene ulični prodaji literature. Članek predstavlja bežen pogled v trgovanje z opisom raznovrstnih publikacij, ki jih je izdajal Larkin How na Petticoat Lane v Londonu od 40. do 60. let 18. stoletja.
Effect of LaNiO3 Buffer Layer on the Electrical and Optical Properties of Nonpolar ZnO Film Deposited on (100) Si Substrate
Authors: Zhao Quan Liang , Sheng Tian Yu , Pang Lei , Di Jie Jian , He Guang Ping , Su De Zhi
Published: January 2019

Nonpolar ZnO films are deposited on (100) Si substrate using LaNiO3 conducting buffer layer by radio frequency sputtering. X-ray diffraction results show that ZnO films are (110) and (002) orientation with and without LaNiO3 buffer layer. The current behavior of ZnO/LaNiO3 heterojunction exhibits ohmic conduction which is different from the diode-like rectification current behavior of ZnO film using insulated buffer layers. The photoluminescence properties indicate that the (110)-oriented nonpolar ZnO film has better band-edge emission than that of (002)-oriented polar ZnO film. It is suggested that LaNiO3 buffer layer can be used to deposit silicon-based ZnO film with well ohmic contact electrode in optoelectronic devices.
Efficiency Enhancement by Optimizing Selenization Time for Co-Sputtered Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 Thin Film Solar Cells
Authors: Sun Luan Hong , Shen Hong Lie , Huang Hu Lin , Shang Hui Rong
Published: January 2019

To reveal the effects of annealing condition on CZTSSe thin film solar cells, co-sputtering and subsequent selenization were used to prepare CZTSSe thin films. Structural, morphological and optical properties of CZTSSe thin films were investigated. CZTSSe thin films with various Se/(S+Se) ratio ranging from 0.69-0.78 were obtained. Representative peaks corresponding to CZTSSe in XRD and Raman results showed a slight shift to lower diffraction angle and wavenumbers. Selenization time significantly influenced the morphologies of CZTSSe films and the gradual grown up grain size was observed. VOC deficit values down to 839 mV was achieved for the best cell. CZTSSe solar cell with the selenization time of 10 min showed a best conversion efficiency of 5.32%, which presented a 50% enhancement comparing to the solar cells with insufficient and over-selenized absorbers.
Influence of Wall Stocks on Mechanical Properties of HPDC AZ91
Authors: Sun Zi Xi , Ren Lu Yang , Geng Xin Yu , Fang Li , Wei Xingyuan , Hu Henry
Published: January 2019

AZ91, as one the most popular magnesium alloys is widely employed for various engineering applications in the automotive industry. They are primarily made from high pressure die cast processes (HPDC) with different wall stocks, which affect their engineering performance. Understanding the effect of thick wall stocks on mechanical behaviors of HPDC AZ91 is crucial for proper design of lightweight components to meet desired engineering requirement. In this research, a conventional high pressure die casting process was utilized to prepare rectangular specimen of AZ91 with wall thicknesses of 10 mm, 6 mm and 2 mm. Tensile testing, porosity measurement and microstructure analyses were carried out on prepared specimens at room temperature. The mechanical testing evaluation reveals that, as the wall stocks of AZ91 deceases, their tensile properties including yield strength (YS), ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and elongation (ef) increase. The porosity content caused by air entrapment and the dendritic structure due cooling mechanisms should be responsible for the resultant mechanical properties.
Synthesis and Characterization of Eu-Doped SrTiO3 Photocatalytic Materials Using in the Cathodic Protection of 304 Stainless Steel
Authors: Zhang Zhi Feng , Wang Feng Juan , Sun Wei , Jiang Jin Yang
Published: January 2019

In this paper, sample of Eu-doped SrTiO3 was synthesized using hydrothermal method, in which the Eu (NO3)3 and Sr (OH)2 were as the Eu and Sr source. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) were used to characterize the structure and ingredient of the as-prepared samples. The results show that high-purity of SrTiO3 was prepared and structure of SrTiO3 without change with Eu doping. Also, performance of cathodic protection of stainless steel was tested in the photoelectricity cell. Furthermore, the mechanism of the improvement by the rare earth was also detected.
Hydrodynamics of Liquid Motion in Straight-Line Capillaries
Authors: Lobanova Irina , Meshheryakov Vladimir , Kalinichenko Aleksey , Surzhikov Anatoly
Published: January 2019

The paper considers the mathematical model of liquid motion in straight-line capillaries. The proposed mathematical model shows the liquid motion in slit-like capillaries, with regard to the density, viscosity and surface tension of liquids, the capillary size, and the angle of capillary inclination to the horizontal. The modeling results are proved by full-scale experiments.
Dynamics of Internal Thermal Processes in Dielectric Materials and the Method of its Measurement in Microwave Hyperspectral Mode
Authors: Ubaichin Anton , Surzhikov Anatoly
Published: January 2019

The paper discusses the results of modeling of thermal radio processes for the purpose of non-destructive testing, diagnosis of dynamic states and prediction in dielectrics by sensing electromagnetic self-radiation in microwave hyperspectral mode. Measurement errors when using radiometric methods of testing have been shown. We have found the specifics of reducing measurement error while increasing the dynamics and resolution of radiometric measurements. We have presented a schematic of a new type of hyperspectrometer with higher performance and frequency resolution.
Digital X-Ray Flat Panel Housing for Operation at Extremely Low Temperatures
Authors: Simankin Fedor , Miciński Jan , Shumnyi Evgeniy , Shtein Alexander , Zhunusov Ablay
Published: January 2019

The paper presents the housing wall structure for the digital X-ray flat panel which can operate in extremely low temperature conditions. A technology of three-dimensional printing is proposed for making the detector housing with heat conductors incorporated in its wall structure.