bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of feedstock composition on the pressure drop buildup in gas oil hydrotreater
Authors: Mik Ivan A. , Klenov Oleg P. , Golubev Ivan S. , Dik Pavel P. , Reshetnikov Sergey I. , Noskov Aleksandr S.
Published: December 2024

In this work two samples of solid particulates obtained from the intergranular space of the guard beds catalyst of industrial gas oil hydrotreating reactors were investigated. The hydrotreating reactors were operated on feedstock of different composition. One of the samples of solid particulates was obtained during hydrotreating of feedstock containing a large amount of sodium and calcium. The compositions of the samples of solid particulates were determined. Quantitative elemental and structural analyses were carried out. As a result, the formed solid particulates contained a large amount of sodium chloride, sulfate and calcium sulfide. The qualitative calculations show that the pressure drop in the guard bed of five-segment rings with a diameter of 16.0 mm, due to the deposition of solid particulates in the intergranular space, increases by 108% more than the pressure drop during hydrotreating of feedstock not containing calcium and sodium compounds (under the same operating modes of the hydrotreating reactors and operating time). The obtained results on the effect of the feedstock composition on the pressure drop buildup can be used in optimizing the loading of reactors and in other oil refining processes.
Laboratory experimental study on GESC combined with electroosmosis for ground improvement
Authors: Zheng L.-W. , Zhang K. , Ge S.-Q. , Huang X.-X. , Wang H.-Y. , Zheng X.-D. , Xie X.-Y.
Published: December 2024

To verify the effect of electrokinetic geosynthetics-encased stone columns (GESC) combined with electroosmosis on soft soil foundation reinforcement, laboratory experiments were conducted using non-encased stone columns (SC), GESC, and GESC combined with electroosmosis (E-GESC). The energy consumption coefficient and drainage rate of electroosmosis, the shear strength and water content distribution of the soil, and the deformation law of the pile section after static load tests at different depths were studied. The experimental results showed that the strength of the soil around the pile increased after electroosmosis, enabling better support for the pile body, while the pile–soil stress ratio of the gravel pile was reduced and side friction resistance was effectively exerted. Moreover, the expansion deformation distribution of the gravel pile in both the E-GESC and GESC configurations was basically the same, and the maximum radial deformation was less than that observed in the SC. Most of the deformation occurred within a range of two times the pile diameter below the boundary line of the wrapped section. The ultimate bearing capacity of the composite foundation formed by the E-GESC method was 6.6 times that of the SC and 3.8 times that of the GESC, demonstrating a significantly enhanced reinforcement effect.
Applying neural networks combined with Monte Carlo simulation in dam operations to obtain operational, economic and environmental gains
Authors: de Oliveira Neto Geraldo C. , Cardoso Valdir H. , Gomes Marcos G. , Bezerra Francisco E. , de Lima Saulo V. S. , de Araújo Sidnei A.
Published: December 2024

The waste of potable water is a problem that affects a population’s supply and the environment, raising the need for studies focusing on the adoption of efficient actions and modern technological resources, such as artificial intelligence (AI), for sustainable water management. However, in the literature there are few studies on the operational, economic and environmental benefits of using AI in dam management. In addition, no study has been found on this topic addressing the Cantareira system, located in the metropolitan region of São Paulo, Brazil, which is one of the largest water supply systems in the world. This work presents an approach combining an artificial neural network and the Monte Carlo simulation method for floodgate control in the Cantareira system. Furthermore, parameters are explored that make the simulations of water collection and distribution more realistic. The results (root mean squared error (RMSE) = 0.076 and R2 = 0.963) confirm the viability of using the proposed approach to minimize water waste and flood risks, as well as to increase efficiency in water resource management. Furthermore, this study advances the state of the art by presenting a set of operational, economic and environmental benefits directly associated with the adoption of AI in floodgate management.
TRPML-1 Dysfunction and Renal Tubulopathy in Mucolipidosis Type IV
Authors: Grieco Giuseppina , Montefusco Sandro , Nusco Edoardo , Capuozzo Antonella , Cervellini Francesca , Polishchuk Elena , Bishop Martha , Miele Antonio , D’Apolito Luciano , La Vecchia Claudia , Aurilia Miriam , Schiavo Michela , Staiano Leopoldo , Cesana Marcella , Oberman Rebecca , Lynch Anna V. , Musolino Patricia , Trepiccione Francesco , Grishchuk Yulia , Medina Diego Luis
Published: December 2024

Key Points

Lack of transient receptor potential cation channel (TRPML-1) causes tubulopathy.

Only adults affected of mucolipidosis type IV present kidney damage signs, including lower eGFR and higher levels of BUN/creatine in blood and proteinuria.

TRPML-1 deficiency links lysosomal and autophagic dysfunction with inflammation in mucolipidosis type IV kidney disease.

Background

Loss-of-function mutations in the lysosomal channel transient receptor potential cation channel (TRPML-1) cause mucolipidosis type IV (MLIV), a rare lysosomal storage disease characterized by neurological defects, progressive vision loss, and achlorhydria. Recent reports have highlighted kidney disease and kidney failure in patients with MLIV during the second to third decade of life; however, the molecular mechanisms driving kidney dysfunction remain poorly understood.

Methods

A cross-sectional review of medical records from 21 patients with MLIV (ages 3–43 years) was conducted to assess kidney function impairment. In addition, we examined the kidney phenotype of MLIV mice at various ages, along with human kidney cells silenced for TRPML-1 and primary tubular cells from wild-type and MLIV mice. Immunohistology and cell biology approaches were used to phenotype nephron structure, the endolysosomal compartment, and inflammation. Kidney function was assessed through proteomic analysis of mouse urine and in vivo kidney filtration measurements.

Results

Of the 21 patients with MLIV, only adults were diagnosed with stage 2–3 CKD. Laboratory abnormalities included lower eGFR and higher levels BUN/creatine in blood and proteinuria. In MLIV mice, we observed significant alterations in endolysosomal morphology, function, and impaired autophagy in proximal and distal tubules. This led to the accumulation of megalin (LRP2) in the subapical region of proximal tubular cells, indicating a block in apical receptor–mediated endocytosis. In vivo and in vitro experiments confirmed reduced fluid-phase endocytosis and impaired uptake of ligands, including β-lactoglobulin, transferrin, and albumin in MLIV proximal tubular cells. Urine analysis revealed tubular proteinuria and enzymuria in mice with MLIV. In addition, early-stage disease was marked by increased inflammatory markers, fibrosis, and activation of the proinflammatory transcription factor NF-κB, coinciding with endolysosomal defects. Importantly, adeno-associated viral–mediated TRPML-1 gene delivery reversed key pathological phenotypes in MLIV mice, underscoring TRPML-1's critical role in kidney function.

Conclusions

Our findings link TRPML-1 dysfunction to the development of kidney disease in MLIV.
TİRE MÜZESİ TERRAKOTTA KOLEKSİYONU DAHİLİNDEKİ BAŞIN TANRIÇA TYCHE BAŞI OLARAK ÖNERİLMESİ
Authors: Erol Derya
Published: December 2024

Tyche, Yunan tanrı ve tanrıçalarının soylarından gelmeyen, zamanla kişileştirilerek tanrı kimliği kazanmış soyut bir kavramdır. Bu soyut kavramın bir tanrıçaya dönüşmesi büyük ölçüde İ.Ö. 4 yüzyılda ve Hellenistik Dönem’de gerçekleşmiştir. Tyche, tanrıça olarak kişileştirilmeden önce kaderin ve talihin belirleyicisi olarak kabul edilmekte idi. Yunan Pantheon’una geç girmiş bir tanrıça olduğu için betimleme tiplerinde çok çeşitlilik görülmemektedir. Tyche ve Kybele betimlemeleri çoğunlukla birbiri ile çok benzer şekilde yapılabilmektedirler. Özellikle sur bedenli polosa sahip betimlemelerinde bu benzerlikler çokça görülmektedir. Bu bağlamda iki Tanrıçanın betimlemelerini zaman zaman birbirinden ayırmak çok zor olabilmektedir. Bu çalışmada Tire Müze’sinden bulunmuş olan bir başın Kybele’yi mi Tyche’yi mi temsil ettiğinin tespit edilmesi amaçlanmıştır.
ATÎK ŞİKÂYET DEFTERLERİ’NDE URFA (RUHA) VAKIFLARIYLA İLGİLİ SORUNLAR
Authors: Ekinci Abdullah , Torkak Berna
Published: December 2024

Bu çalışma, 1649-1837 yılları arasında Atik Şikâyet Defterleri’nde Urfa vakıflarıyla ilgili sorunları ele almaktadır. İslam devletlerinde asırlar boyunca derin tesirler bırakan vakıflar dinî, sosyal, kültürel ve hukukî bir müessesedir. Bu müessese bilhassa Osmanlı Devleti’nde büyük bir gelişim göstermiştir. Toplumun hemen hemen bütün ihtiyaçlarına cevap veren vakıflar, devletin içinde bulunduğu duruma da bağlı olarak zaman içerisinde bozulmaya başlamıştır. Bu da vakıflarda çeşitli sıkıntı ve problemlerin ortaya çıkmasına sebep olmuştur. Urfa’daki vakıflarda yaşanan temel sorun yönetim, gelir, sosyal hizmet ve hizmetlilerden kaynaklanmaktadır. Şehir sakinlerinin Divan-ı Hümayun’a ilettikleri şikâyetlerde vakıfların eski fonksiyonunu kaybettiği müdahale, rencide, taaddi ve gadr kelimelerinden anlaşılmaktadır. Şikâyetlerdeki bu retorik söylemler tevliyeti, geliri ve hizmeti ele geçirmeye çalışanların haksızlığına işaret etmektedir. Vakıflarda gelir ve hizmet gaspında bulunan kişiler askerî ve maliye beratlarını öne sürmekteydi. Müşteki ve müştekanın meşrulaştırma aracı sayılan bu beratlara karşı Divan, defterlere müracaat ederek adaletsizliği ortadan kaldırmaya çalışmıştır. Dolayısıyla bu çalışma Urfa vakıflarıyla ilgili adalet denetim mekanizmasına iletilen şikâyetlerdeki problemlere odaklanmaktadır. Bu doğrultuda Osmanlı Arşivi’nde bulunan Atik Şikâyet Defterleri, Evkaf Defterleri, Urfa Şer’iyye Sicilleri ve bireysel belgelerden istifade edilerek alandaki mevcut literatüre katkı sağlanması amaçlanmaktadır.
Türkiye’de Makro Finansal Bağların Durgunluklar Üzerindeki Rolleri ve Etkileri
Authors: Tunay K. Batu , Tunay Necla
Published: December 2024

Bu çalışmada, Türkiye’de makro finansal bağların durgunluklar üzerindeki etkileri ekonometrik olarak analiz edilmektedir. 2006-2023 dönemini kapsayan aylık frekanstaki geniş bir veri seti, Bellego ve Ferrara (2009, 2012) tarafından geliştirilen faktörlerle genişletilmiş probit yöntemi kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Bu bağlamda, önce statik bir faktör analizi ile makro finansal bağları yansıtan faktörler hesaplanmıştır. Faktörlerin hesaplanmasında, olası hesaplama güçlüklerini en aza indirmek için dinamik yerine statik bir modelleme ve tahmin yaklaşımı benimsenmiştir. Ardından bu faktörlerden oluşan bir bağımsız değişkenler seti ile durgunluk olasılıkları tahmin edilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular, istatistiki olarak anlamlı bulunan faktörlerin durgunluk olasılığını genelde negatif etkilediğini göstermiştir. Gecikme uzunlukları açısından alternatif modellerin tahmini sonucunda, altı dönem gecikmeli faktörleri içeren modelin daha başarılı olduğu saptanmıştır. Bununla beraber, karşılaştırma yapmak için düzey ve üç gecikmeli modellerin tahmin sonuçları da sunulmuştur. Dış kaynaklı bir etken olarak 2008 küresel krizi ve Covid-19 pandemisi dönemlerindeki durgunluk olasılıkları, 0.95’i aşan oranda tahmin edilmiştir. Bu sonuçlar, makro-finansal bağların durgunlukları ortalama altı ay önceden haber verebileceğini göstermiştir.
Application of the methodology for modeling thesubsolidus phase composition within the framework of multicomponent oxide systems for controlling the slag regime of oxygen converter melting
Authors: Kozlov V. V. , Aksel’rod L. M. , Dagman A. I. , Timokhin A. S.
Published: December 2024

A theoretical study of the subsolidus phase structure of multicomponent oxide systems CaO‒MgO‒Al2O3‒SiO2‒FeO‒Fe2O3 and CaO‒MgO‒Al2O3‒SiO2‒MnO‒TiO2 has been carried out. The separation of the CaO‒MgO‒Al2O3‒SiO2‒MnO‒TiO2 system into ensembles of mutually coexisting phases using the concept of optical basicity of oxide compounds is proposed. A technique for modeling the equilibrium phase composition within these systems based on their subsolidus phase structure is proposed. This technique is the basis for estimating the liquidus temperature and determining the areas of primary crystallization of phases based on the chemical composition of the slags of the converter process. The developed methodology and software based on it can be used to determine the limits of solubility of refractory phases in slag melts, and to numerically evaluate the slag corrosion of the lining of an oxygen converter.
Aesthetic heuristics for design: cognitive and sociocultural determinants
Authors: Cadavid Ana , Maya Jorge
Published: December 2024

Aesthetic pleasure is derived from sensory perception. This pleasure depends on three aspects: the physical properties of the object, the qualities of the perceiver, and four types of aesthetic determinants. Perceptual determinants and beauty standards have been studied scientifically and many methodological rules known and used by designers for decades, such as balance, good proportion, and Gestalt laws, have also been developed. In contrast, cognitive and socio-cultural determinants lack methods to support the aesthetic design process of designers. The use of heuristics as a method of support to this process could be a means of extending the aesthetic possibilities of the product when limited time and knowledge are available. Through a literature review and an analysis of award-winning products the aesthetic heuristics were identified, extracted, organized, and classified, resulting in a repertoire of 48 aesthetic heuristics of cognitive and socio-cultural determinants which were used in two exploratory studies. The results showed that these heuristics allow new and original ideas to be created in less time than usual and expand the possibilities in the aesthetic design process.
Standard-setting and Normativity in International Governance of Interstate Relations in the Information and Communication Technologies Context
Authors: Rusinova Vera
Published: December 2024

The paper considers how the standard-setting path, taken by states with respect of the information and communication technologies (hereinafter: ICTs), correlates with the normativity in international governance of this sphere. The pro-normative reading of this question pushes to examine whether this path designates a prelawmaking phase, contributes to the interpretation of the lex lata general norms, or fills in the gaps that cannot be covered by the orthodox international lawmaking. The counter-normative reading assesses whether the standard-setting path precludes, contests, freezes, or substitutes the lawmaking. In order to fulfill these tasks, the author concentrates on two standard-setting sources: the ‘non-binding norms, rules, and principles of responsible state behaviour’ adopted by the UN level in relation to ICTs related context and International Code of Conduct for Information Security, drafted by the states–members of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. The paper reveals that ‘non-binding norms, rules, and principles’ elaborated at the UN level do not change the scope of binding provisions of International law. Thus, the content of these standards did not generate any ‘added value’ with respect to the negative and positive obligations of the states. Moreover, these standards cannot serve as an interpretation or understanding as to how existing international law applies to ICTs precisely because of the caveat made by the states with respect to the additional, subordinated role of these norms, rules, and principles. Such constellation puts in place a ‘normative gap scenario’ showcasing that for the many states the legal uncertainty and legal gaps are a more profitable constellation. However, should the states follow the standard-setting track and adhere to the non-binding norms, provided that they are relaxing existing legal obligations of states, this ‘deviation scenario’ will also erode the normativity of International law. A solution can be found in the stage-by-stage shift from the standard-setting to the law-creating track. Already elaborated norms, rules, and principles of responsible state behaviour allow this shift for. It can happen in two stages: at the level of content and then with respect to the nature of these norms.
Thoughts on the EU Digital Single Market Strategy and the New Consumer Sales Directive
Authors: Iannì Antonio
Published: December 2024

The paper describes the impact of the EU ‘Digital Single Market Strategy’ (DSMS) on consumer law. The essay analyses, in particular, the new Consumer Sales Directive [Directive (EU) 2019/771] and its recent transposition into Italian Law. Starting from the assumption that the Information-Digital Age certainly has social-economic impacts, therefore also legal ones, the paper first of all illustrates the Strategy promoted in 2015 by the European Commission. In order to represent how the Commission intends to face the new digital “revolution” and its economic opportunities, this essay — through a brief description of the main pillars of the DSMS — tries to circumscribe the outcomes of the Strategy and its correlation with the new legal regime proposed for the building of the so-called ‘Internal Market 2.0’. Moreover, the paper analyses the important role that consumer protection plays in relation to the European Commission’s DSMS. With this in mind, the article examines the main aspects of the so-called ‘New Deal for Consumers’ (NDC), promoted in 2018 by the Commission in order to accompany the implementation of certain parts of the DSMS. In this first part of the article, a sort of “toolbox” is offered to the reader with the purpose of developing a better understanding of the current EU trends in consumer law. Following this line of research, the second part of the article focuses on the Directive (EU) 2019/771 proposed by the European Commission to regulate certain aspects concerning contracts for the sale of goods. In the final section, the paper describes the principal characteristics of the Italian transposition of the New Consumer Sales Directive (NCSD), as implemented in November 2021. In the conclusion, the paper suggests that the most recent EU interventions on consumer law are still based on a traditional understanding of consumer protection and, with regard to certain aspects, do not appear to be very different from the previous legislation (this is the case of the so-called hierarchy of remedies).
An Innovative Fundamental Doctrinal Course in Theory of State and Law
Authors: Baranov Vladimir
Published: December 2024

Review of the book: Theory of State and Law. V. B. Isakov (ed.) et al. Moscow: Norma, 2020. 1864 p. Vol. 1: Theory of State and Law: Curriculum. 176 p. Vol. 2: Theory of State and Law: Textbook for Schools of Law. 656 p. Vol. 3: Theory of State and Law: Tutorial. 488 p. Vol. 4: Theory of State and Law: Game Tutorial. 544 p.
Internet of Things: Issues Related to the Definition
Authors: Dorofeev Bogdan
Published: December 2024

It is well-known the Internet has become an important part of social life, social and interpersonal communication, a convenient form and a necessary condition for the successful functioning of the economy, the media, and civil society. At the same time, developing technologically and functionally, the Internet generates new technical solutions and new opportunities, leading to the formation of new concepts and terms based on the technological properties of the Internet. One of such new solutions is the emergence of the Internet of Things, a complex technological, technical and economic-legal phenomenon. While a comprehensive understanding of the essence of the Internet of Things is still largely being formed, there are already a number of controversial points and issues that require, among other things, scientific and legal discussions. This article is devoted to the concept of the Internet of Things, the analysis of its scope and content, the study of the meaning and purpose of the term “Internet of things”, its relationship with related concepts, and its role in law. Based on the study of the concepts of “Internet” and “things” included in the term “Internet of things”, considering the Internet of Things as a complex system, the author explores its elements, defining their definitions, goals, revealing the role in this system. According to the results of the study, the author comes to the conclusion that the main content of the analyzed system is managing process carried out using Internet (as an information technology system) and special technical means. Based on this conclusion, based also on the analysis of the essence of the Internet, the term Internet of Things and the approaches presented earlier, the author proposes a generalized definition of the Internet of Things as a software and technological system for distant control of remote objects carried out in the interests of user using the Internet and the technical properties of managed objects that allow electronic data exchange.
The Legal Status of Crypto-Asset Issuers in the Light of the Proposed MICA Regulation
Authors: Daudrikh Yana
Published: December 2024

The progress of modern digital technologies raises the question on the necessity of common regulatory mechanism applicable to crypto-asset issuers and embracing comprehensive regulation of the status of all parties involved in crypto-asset trade. However, regulation of major parties provided by the V. AML Directive has been inconsistent and abstract.1 Under pressure of policy-makers and professional community, the European Commission has come up with the long awaited draft MICA regulation2 designed to ensure universal regulation of crypto-assets across all member states of the European Union (hereafter EU) including those of the European Economic Area (hereafter EEA). The proposed draft purports to harmonize fragmented regulation of crypto-assets which EU member states were forced to introduce for lack ofEU-wise regulation of this institution. The main purpose of this paper is to analyze the newly established institutions including categorization of crypto-assets covered by MICA. The main functional aspects of the crypto-asset offering process including a requirement to publish a white paper are examined in this context. The supervisory role of the European Banking Authority (EBA) in respect of the issuers of significant crypto-assets is specifically discussed. Based on this analysis, the author concludes that the application of MICA is handicapped by a number of problems discussed in more detail further on. Thus, MICA is not straightforward in its definitions of cryptoassets which are rather general, and contains no detailed explanation of cooperation between the competent authorities in the EU and third countries to prevent money laundering and terrorist financing. The following research methods were used by the author in writing the paper: formal legal method, comparison, synthesis, analysis, analogy, induction and deduction methods.
Regulatory Principles of Development, Introduction and Use of Artificial Intelligence in Asian countries
Authors: Dremliuga Roman
Published: December 2024

The Eastern Asia region is emerging as a new centre of innovative development of information technologies and global digital economy. The digital transformation of socioeconomic and political existence of countries is inextricably linked to the development and adoption of new regulatory systems. The overall success of the digital transformation of economy and society is hinged on the introduction of specific groups of technologies. Identifying specific groups of technologies as the reference points of the digital transformation is equally sensible from a regulatory perspective. Artificial intelligence is a key technology for digital transformation of any country at large. This study purports to identify the main regulatory features of the development, introduction and use of artificial intelligence in Asian countries such as People’s Republic of China, Singapore, Republic of Korea and Japan which are global digital leaders and which were chosen for this study on the basis of an analysis of independent ratings. A comparative study of the core regulatory provisions aimed at harmonizing social relationships arising from the development, introduction and use of artificial intelligence in the countries in question allows to propose possible ways of developing national regulation in respect of ethics and law applicable to AI. Based on the methodology of formal logical analysis and comparative law, the study allows to identify the essential regulatory principles of the development, introduction and use of AI in the selected countries. The findings point out a considerable similarity both at the level of strategic documents and codified regulatory principles, with the precedence for welfare of society and state. While some of the documents under study make references to human rights and individual liberties, the key idea is the achievement of prosperity and sustainable development of society. This approach is better suited to be replicated in the context of Russia. While all of the reviewed instru- ments perpetuate a humanistic approach involving an assessment of AI’s impact on users, society, environment, its interpretation in Asian countries differs from the one adopted in the Western world.
Международное право за пределами ренессансного гуманизма (рецензия на коллективную монографию «Международное право и постгуманистская теория» под ред. М. Арвидсон, Э. Джоунз)
Authors: Лихачев Максим Александрович
Published: December 2024

Рецензия на коллективную монографию «Международное право и постгуманистская теория» под  ред. М. Арвидсон, Э. Джоунз
Simetria i aproximació per obtenir angles plegant paper
Authors: Giménez Joaquim
Published: December 2024

És possible donar una imatge lúdica a la geometria amb un recurs com és la papiroflèxia El nostre objectiu és el de presentar diversos continguts de la “geometria oficial clàssica” a partir d’elements manipulatius que es basen en la simetria.
II Simposi de Didàctica de les Ciències Socials a Còrdova
Authors: Gavaldà Antoni
Published: December 2024

Els temes a tractar en aquest simposi anaven encaminats a resoldre qüestions tan punyents com: quins poden ser els continguts-marc d’un programa de Ciències Socials, com adaptar aquests continguts i amb quines especificitats a la formació de professors de les distintes etapes, o l’eterna discussió de quina posició ha d’ocupar la Didàctica de les Ciències Socials als futurs plans d’estudi per a la formació del professorat.
La responsabilitat civil dels mestres i professors, en general
Authors: Roig Xavier
Published: December 2024

Amb la Llei 1/1991, de 7 de gener, s'adjudica la responsabilitat civil pels actes dels alumnes durant l'activitat escolar als titulars dels centres docents, siguin empreses privades o l'Administració, perquè en definitiva són ells els qui han d'adoptar les corresponents mesures d'organització per evitar-los. Tant de bo aquestes modificacions acabin amb la trista realitat, no per infreqüent menys dolorosa, de veure mestres i professors tractats gairebé com a criminals, pel simple fet d'haver volgut tirar endavant quelcom més que una escola tancada entre quatre parets, i haver tingut la desgràcia de trobar-se amb la fatalitat d'un accident fortuït.
Els mestres de les comarques de Tarragona i la futura universitat
Authors: Revista Comunicació Educativa Direcció
Published: December 2024

La futura Universitat de totes les comarques de Tarragona haurà d'agafar un compromís fidel de servei a la societat. I conseqüentment, haurà de fer un gir copernicà en el seu disseny de preparació de professorat per al nivell que sigui. Si en el món d'ahir, de països amb més tradició pedagògico-social que el nostre ja hi estan immersos de ple, avui i demà tocarà fer el cop de timó a les universitats d'aquí.
El professorat davant la reforma educativa i els canvis curriculars
Authors: Valls Enric
Published: December 2024

No totes les reformes educatives han comportat, d'entrada, tants canvis com els que es preveuen en l'actual intent. És evident, per una banda, que l'efectivitat de les noves propostes només es pot copsar, en definitiva, en la realitat concreta de les aules i dels centres escolars; però això no obsta perquè, per altra banda, es pugui afirmar que sobre el paper -en els documents de la reforma fins ara apareguts-, el que es planteja és una veritable revisió en profunditat de tot el sistema educatiu.
Una introducció a la proporcionalitat en forma de taller
Authors: Boqueras Rosa M. , Ferran Joan , Gené M. Dolors , Gilabert Robert M. , Mariné Francesc
Published: December 2024

Un dels aspectes més problemàtics de l'ensenyament de les Matemàtiques és el de la introducció del concepte de la proporcionalitat. Diem problemàtic, ja que comporta un canvi en l'estructura mental dels nostres alumnes. Fins a l'estudi d'aquest concepte els alumnes han treballat dins del marc d'una estructura additiva, si exceptuem evidentment l'estudi de la multiplicació/divisió i les fraccions (Vergnaud, 1983), i és precisament en aquest moment quan han de fer el canvi cap a la consolidació de l'estructura multiplicativa. Una estructura en la qual hauran de desenvolupar el seu pensament a partir d'aquest moment; això obliga a una introducció clara i entenedora del raonament proporcional.
L'exposició "El mapa com a eina didàctica"
Authors: Blay Jordi , Calaf Roser
Published: December 2024

L'exposició, realitzada en el marc de les Jornades de Portes Obertes que es van efectuar a l'Escola del Professorat d'EGB de Tarragona, volia mostrar, bàsicament, quina és la cartografia existent actualment sobre Catalunya i també algunes de les possibilitats didàctiques que ofereixen els diferents tipus de mapes. Era un recull gairebé complet dels tipus de mapa que realitza l'Institut Cartogràfic de Catalunya (ICC), que és la institució que té una cartografia més moderna del nostre país. Com a complement d'aquesta mostra de mapes de l'ICC, es van incloure alguns exemples de mapes murals del fons de l'Escola de Magisteri per tal de contrastar la cartografia utilitzada abans i la cartografia de què disposem actualment. L'exposició de mapes moderns es va dividir en tres grans apartats segons el procés de realització: fotografia aèria i cartografia derivada, cartografia d'imatge de satèl·lit i cartografia temàtica.
Records d'un viatge a Itàlia
Authors: García Núria
Published: December 2024

A tots els mestres ens agrada tafanejar una mica en les diferents maneres de treballar dels nostres companys, els materials que utilitzen, com són les seves classes... en definitiva, aquelles coses que ens permetin variar i millorar el nostre treball. Per això quan en el primer seminari de Didàctica de la Ciència "El clik científic de 3 a 7 anys" se'ns va proposar la realització d'un viatge de treball a l'Emília- Romanya per conèixer les experiències que en didàctica de la ciència es porten a terme, molts companys ens vàrem il·lusionar de seguida.
Entrevista a David Duran
Authors: Irigoyen Albert
Published: December 2024

Entrevista a David Duran, catedràtic de la UAB i coordinador del GRAI, grup referent en l’aprenentatge entre iguals, l’aprenentatge cooperatiu, l’educació inclusiva i la codocència. Duran subratlla que la cooperació no sorgeix espontàniament, sinó que cal estructurar-la i facilitar guies que orientin les interaccions entre alumnes. Assenyala que el docent no ha d’aplicar l’aprenentatge cooperatiu, sinó copsar-ne bé les bases i ajustar-les a les necessitats i el context dels alumnes, cosa que fa imprescindible el seu coneixement professional. També destaca els beneficis del programa Llegim en parella en la millora de la comprensió i l’autoconcepte lector mitjançant la tutoria entre iguals, ressalta que l’aprensenyar genera un procés cognitiu profund, i esclareix el funcionament i els profits del mètode Puzle. En la formació docent, advoca per un aprenentatge experiencial de la cooperació, que també inclogui les didàctiques específiques, i defensa que hem d’anar cap a un model de docent més col·laboratiu. En recerca, investiga l’aprenentatge entre iguals com a eina inseparable per aprendre contingut, i destaca que som a la tercera generació d’estudis, centrats en els mecanismes que el fan efectiu; apunta que les xarxes d’aprenentatge entre docents i entre escoles seran clau per a la millora educativa, i realça l’Observació entre iguals com una eina fonamental per a la millora de la pràctica docent. Finalment, insisteix en la necessitat d’una educació basada en evidències, amb més recerca contextualitzada i pràctica informada, i que cal crear espais de col·laboració entre docents i investigadors i millorar la divulgació del coneixement mitjançant el periodisme educatiu.
Renewable Ruse: Bioenergy Development in North Carolina’s Coastal Plains
Authors: Powell Dana , Currie Jefferson , Koonce Danielle , Legerton Mac , Witter Rebecca
Published: December 2024

Rural communities in eastern North Carolina are responding to the emergence of bioenergy development as an extension of environmental injustices, rather than sustainable solutions to climate change as presented by state and industry actors. We examine how biomass and biogas development entrench logics of extraction, rather than transition, as they are built as extensions of pre-existing concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFOs) in a landscape prone to climatic fluctuations. Using a polyvocal approach to knowledge co-production that builds from multi-year collaborative ethnography, the co-authored text demonstrates a commitment to the value of environmental justice (EJ) leaders’ knowledge—to advance environmental analytics. We argue that despite its claims, bioenergy operates as a ruse of renewable energy: it is a technological sleight of hand, that deepens rather than mitigates exposure to socio-ecological harm. Discursively hinged to sustainability claims, biomass and biogas attempt to signify a temporal, moral, and technological breakaway toward a different kind of techno-social future when, in fact, there is no real rupture from the well-established export-driven, extractivist logics of production.
Provocations from the ‘STS as a Critical Pedagogy’ Workshop
Authors: Conley Shannon N. , York Emily , Armstrong Eleanor , Brandt Marisa , Chan Anita , Perez Comisso Martin , Dietz Shelby , Douglas-Jones Rachel , Etka Max , Forberg Courtney , Geltzer Anna , Haines Monamie , Harrington Nolan , Harsh Matthew , Houck Alexa , Kennedy Eric , Kenner Ali , Lee Crystal , Malazita James , Mogul Nicole , Moore Sharlissa , Olson Cora , Reddy Elizabeth , Sheppard Kathleen , Shew Ashley , Singh Ranjit , Smiley Sam , Smith Lindsay , Spero Ellan , Tomblin David , Tran Danica , Velho Raquel , Webb Andrew , Wigner Aubrey , Williams Damien , Wisnioski Matthew , Wu Hong-An , Zacharias Kari , Ziewitz Malte
Published: December 2024

This research article is a collaborative set of reflections and provocations stemming from the National Science Foundation (NSF) funded workshop on STS as a Critical Pedagogy, hosted online during the summer of 2021 by Shannon N. Conley and Emily York at James Madison University. The workshop occurred over four separate sessions, bringing together forty participants (including six undergraduate students who contributed as both facilitators and research assistants). Participants self-organized into panels, leading the workshop collective to engage a host of questions, challenges, methods, and practices related to STS and critical pedagogy. Questions included the following. What characterizes critical STS pedagogies? How are critical STS pedagogies enabled and constrained by our institutional and disciplinary locations? What makes STS pedagogies travel? How might we imagine STS pedagogies otherwise? How do our pedagogies shape our research and engagement in the world? How might we critically interrogate the boundaries between research, teaching, service, and engagement, and what becomes visible when we do so?
Immunofluorescence - RAW 264.7 v1
Authors: Bentley-DeSousa Amanda , Ferguson Shawn
Published: December 2024

This protocol details steps taken to perform immunofluorescence in RAW 264.7 cells.
Differentiation of Human iPS Cells to Macrophages v1
Authors: Ferguson Agnes , Ferguson Shawn
Published: December 2024

This protocol includes steps to differentiation human iPS cells to macrophages.
Stable Cell Line Generation – RAW 264.7 v1
Authors: Bentley-DeSousa Amanda , Ferguson Shawn
Published: December 2024

This protocol details steps taken to create stably expressing cell lines in RAW 264.7 cells.
Task-Based Needs Analysis: A Triangulated Methodology
Authors: Alzeer Maram N.
Published: December 2024

This study presents a task-based needs analysis of female English major seniors at a Saudi university to identify the academic tasks needed for their academic progress. The study utilized triangulated sources and methods, including the department’s written materials; semi-structured interviews with instructors and students; and questionnaires. Academic tasks were found to be essential for academic progress, providing insights that could be overlooked without such analysis. The interviews revealed that students’ proficiency levels ranged from low to average and that course content was not adapted to support below-average students. According to the questionnaire, the most essential skills for students’ academic progression were effectively using the university’s Learning Management System, time management, and delivering presentations. Listening to teachers as well as writing coherent and cohesive paragraphs were also important, whereas critical thinking and writing research papers were the most difficult tasks. The findings of this study emphasize the importance of adapting course content and pedagogical strategies to accommodate diverse student proficiency levels, thereby enhancing academic success.
The Impact of Online Task Planning Conditions on L2 Utterance Fluency and Self-Perceived Fluency: A Study of Chinese EFL Learners
Authors: Han Xu , Yahya Yasir , Yap Ngee Thai
Published: December 2024

This study examines the effects of online task planning conditions on L2 learners' utterance fluency and self-perceived fluency among Chinese EFL learners. Ninety participants were randomly assigned to Pressured Online Planning (POP), Unpressured Online Planning (UOP), and Hybrid Online Planning (HOP) groups. Participants completed a narrative task based on a Mr. Bean video clip under their respective planning conditions. Utterance fluency was measured using temporal and linguistic indicators, while self-perceived fluency was assessed through CEFR self-assessment and an Analytic Fluency Perception Scale. Results indicate that the hybrid condition yielded significantly higher speech and articulation rates, with fewer disfluencies compared to other conditions (p < .001). Notably, self-perceived fluency did not consistently align with objective measures or rater evaluations, particularly in the pressured condition. The study reveals complex relationships between task planning conditions, objective fluency measures, and learners' self-perceptions, contributing to our understanding of L2 speech production processes and informing task-based language teaching practices.
The Effect of Job-Related English Learning Materials for Mobile Learning Implementation on Students’ English Mastery
Authors: Yuliantini Ni Nyoman , Ratminingsih Ni Made , Putra Nyoman Adi Jaya , Adnyani Ni Luh Putu Sri
Published: December 2024

This study aims to test the effectiveness of the Job-Related English Learning Material (JRELM) for Mobile Learning Implementation for teaching English at Bali State Polytechnic, Indonesia. Regarding English language aspects and skills, JRELM includes grammar, vocabulary, reading, speaking, listening, and writing materials. This study was conducted by following the pre-test and post-test control group design. This study involved 48 students; 24 were in the experimental group, and the other 24 were in the control group. They were the 2nd-semester students of the electrical engineering study program at the Bali State Polytechnic. To collect the study data, the researchers used pre-test and post-tests to measure the students’ English mastery. Validity and reliability tests were conducted to ensure the pre-test and post-test were valid and reliable before being used to collect the study data. The researchers used the results of the pre-test and post-test of the experimental group and control group to get the N-gain scores. Then, the N-gained scores were further analyzed quantitatively using descriptive statistics and an independent sample t-test to identify the effectiveness of JRELM on students’ English mastery. The data results show that the JRELM for mobile learning significantly affects students’ English mastery. It is because the JRELM can be accessed at any time, it is provided with exciting learning materials, and it helps students focus on learning with relevant material according to the professional field. Thus, this study concluded that JRELM effectively improves students' mastery of English.
Sociocultural Theory in Practice: Addressing Issues Affecting English as a Foreign Language (EFL) Teaching-Learning in Hail Remote Schools
Authors: Alshammari Jawza
Published: December 2024

Sociocultural theory aims to explain how physical and cultural environments shape learning. The research uses Vygotsky’s sociocultural theory as the lens to investigate sociocultural issues faced by EFL (English as a Foreign Language) teachers in remote areas. Teaching in these areas presents difficulties and obstacles due to geographic distance. This qualitative study was designed to investigate the difficulties encountered by EFL instructors from schools in isolated villages of Hail, Saudi Arabia. Using semi-structured individual interviews with eight EFL teachers, the research uncovers various obstacles affecting the efficacy of EFL teaching. The primary issues identified are religious conservatism and cultural differences, lack of support from family and environment, geographic distance and resource constraints, and lack of awareness of future opportunities. The study highlights how differences in educational quality are made worse due to geographic remoteness. The project seeks to improve EFL instruction in remote places by offering a deeper knowledge of these issues, ultimately working towards equity in learning environments.
Tayo in Ceremony: The Gray Area for Preserving Native American Culture
Authors: Asiri Khalid Mater
Published: December 2024

This paper examines the themes of cultural preservation and integration in Leslie Marmon Silko’s novel Ceremony, focusing on the character Tayo and his role in bridging the gap between Native American and modern American cultures. Historically, Native Americans have faced isolation, whether by choice or by force, leading to economic, social, and cultural challenges. Government policies such as the Dawes Act and efforts to assimilate Native Americans into modern American society through education and religious conversion have disrupted traditional ways of life and led to a legacy of mistrust and marginalization. Ceremony portrays a path forward, advocating for a balance between maintaining cultural integrity and embracing necessary changes for survival. The novel emphasizes the importance of cultural adaptation and integration, suggesting that Native Americans can thrive without losing their identities by engaging with the broader American society. Through Tayo’s journey of healing and his interactions with the medicine man Betonie, Silko illustrates the potential for cultural hybridity to foster resilience and understanding. By presenting a nuanced vision of coexistence, Ceremony calls for mutual respect and collaboration between Native Americans and modern Americans. The novel encourages a reimagining of cultural identity that is inclusive and adaptable, ensuring that Native American traditions remain vibrant and relevant in a changing world. This paper argues that cultural survival depends not on isolation but on the ability to adapt and integrate, creating a future where multiple cultures can coexist and enrich each other.
The Use of Google Translate in the Arabic-English Classroom
Authors: Alkhofi Anas
Published: December 2024

This study examines the uses, perceived quality, and ethical and policy considerations of the use of Google Translate (GT) among Saudi college students majoring in English language and translation, as well as on the part of their instructors. Using separate surveys for students and instructors, the findings indicate widespread use of GT by both students and instructors, who acknowledge its effectiveness for translation tasks. However, a misalignment exists between the actual use of GT and formal academic policies. Course specifications do not mention GT, and traditional dictionary use continues to be the primary focus of translation training. Most instructors have not integrated GT into their teaching activities nor provided guidelines or policies regarding its effective use, despite recognizing its benefits. The study concludes by discussing the pedagogical implications of these findings and suggests solutions for better integration of modern translation tools such as GT into the curriculum. The study highlights the gap between current academic practices and the real-world workplace, which has already integrated Machine Translation (MT) extensively. The study advocates for clear policies and for the structured teaching of MT to enhance the relevance and effectiveness of translation training in the evolving professional landscape.
The Impact of Self-Efficacy on Academic Achievement Mediated by Learning Motivation and Moderated by Socioeconomic Status Among Jordanian EFL Students
Authors: Alogiliy Monther A.
Published: December 2024

With learning motivation as a mediator and socioeconomic status (SES) as a moderator, this study examined the role of self-efficacy in predicting academic achievement among English as a Foreign Language (EFL) students in Jordan. A survey was conducted among EFL students from Jordanian universities during the 2022-2023 academic year. A stratified random sampling was used, resulting in a total of 429 completed questionnaires. The data were analyzed using structural equation modeling. The results indicate that self-efficacy is positively related to academic achievement and to learning motivation. Thus, higher self-efficacy is associated with better academic achievement. Furthermore, learning motivation significantly contributes to academic achievement, highlighting its crucial role as a mediator. Additionally, socioeconomic status influences learning motivation and interacts with self-efficacy to affect it. In conclusion, higher self-efficacy is linked to increased learning motivation, leading to improved academic achievement, and socioeconomic status plays a critical role in moderating the relationships between self-efficacy, learning motivation, and academic achievement.