bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Wind tunnel testing of wake steering with dynamic wind direction changes
Authors: Campagnolo Filippo , Weber Robin , Schreiber Johannes , Bottasso Carlo L.
Published: October 2020

Abstract. The performance of an open-loop wake-steering controller is investigated
with a new unique set of wind tunnel experiments. A cluster of three scaled
wind turbines, placed on a large turntable, is exposed to a turbulent
inflow and dynamically changing wind directions, resulting in dynamically
varying wake interactions. The changes in wind direction were sourced and
scaled from a field-measured time history and mirrored onto the movement
of the turntable. Exploiting the known, repeatable, and controllable conditions of the wind
tunnel, this study investigates the following effects: fidelity of the
model used for synthesizing the controller, assumption of steady-state vs.
dynamic plant behavior, wind direction uncertainty, the robustness of the
formulation in regard to this uncertainty, and a finite yaw rate. The
results were analyzed for power production of the cluster, fatigue loads,
and yaw actuator duty cycle. The study highlights the importance of using a robust formulation and plant
flow models of appropriate fidelity and the existence of possible margins
for improvement by the use of dynamic controllers.
Macroeconomic Policy Options for a Savings Constrained Economy: The Case of South Africa
Authors: Loewald Christopher , Faulkner David , Makrelov Konstantin
Published: October 2020

The extensive diagnostic studies and policy recommendations that exist for South Africa typically focus on microeconomic constraints to growth. Higher potential growth certainly requires structural reforms to boost productivity growth. But these will also be more effective if macroeconomic policy no longer impedes the needed relative price adjustments and consequential factor allocations to achieve higher productivity. We assess the performance of macroeconomic policy over the last 10 years. Our conclusion is that a different policy mix could have generated higher growth outcomes and provided the fiscal space to respond to the current Covid-19 crisis more effectively. In the post–global financial crisis era, fiscal resources were wasted in trying to stimulate in the face of a structural decline in economic growth. Restoring South Africa’s growth requires a comprehensive change in economic policy to target fiscal consolidation, shift the composition of expenditure to investment and human capital creation and permanently embed lower inflation. Macroprudential policy should better support long-term private sector investment. And, the country urgently needs an ambitious and rapidly implemented structural reform agenda that targets higher productivity growth.
Disposição afetiva para o cuidado na recuperação: o cotidiano da equipe de enfermagem
Authors: Grison Pâmela Maiara , Aguiar Denise Consuelo Moser , Moser Gelson Aguiar da Silva , Hanauer Marceli Cleunice , Klein Suelem
Published: October 2020

Objetivo: Discutir a implementação dos protocolos para o cuidado ao paciente na sala de recuperação pós-anestésica, considerando a disposiçãoafetiva da equipe de enfermagem no seu cotidiano, em um hospital da região oeste de Santa Catarina. Método: Pesquisa qualitativa, com base na etnografiae na observação participante. Os sujeitos da pesquisa foram nove profissionais da enfermagem. Os dados foram coletados no primeiro semestre de 2019,considerando-se a análise de conteúdo de Bardin, de onde emergiram três categorias. Resultados: Os profissionais de enfermagem compreendem aimportância da disposição afetiva no cuidado aos pacientes na recuperação, elencando a alta demanda de atividades e cirurgias e o número de funcionáriosinsuficiente como dificuldades para um cuidado afetivo, efetivo e empático em seu cotidiano. Há baixa adesão aos protocolos assistenciais disponibilizadosno setor, apesar do reconhecimento de sua importância no cuidado direcionado aos pacientes. Conclusão: Como fatores determinantes apresentaram-se aalta demanda diária do setor, o quantitativo de funcionários inadequado e o atendimento a pacientes críticos por longos períodos na recuperação anestésica.
Dialectal variation in the expression of que in sí-que ‘yes that’ contexts across Spanish: The case of some Latin American Spanish varieties
Authors: Villa-García Julio , González Rodríguez Raquel
Published: October 2020

This paper investigates dialectal microvariation across the Spanish-speaking world in terms of the presence/absence of que in sí-que contexts. The function of this construction is to signal the speaker’s commitment to the truth of the proposition. In this connection, we argue that the syntactic account recently proposed by Villa-García & González Rodríguez (2020) for polarity-encoding sí ‘yes’ on the one hand and for sí-que ‘yes that’ sequences in Iberian Spanish on the other readily extends to a number of Latin American varieties where que in sí que is syntactically present albeit unpronounced (i.e., sí Ø/que), although it can be overt as well. We provide a variety of syntactic arguments together with Phonetic-Form- and Logical-Form-related arguments to this effect, and show that the dialectal split brought to light here is consonant with a view of (micro-)variation whereby Phonetic Form spellout plays a key role (Barbiers 2009; Rizzi 2013; Rizzi & Bocci 2017; inter alia).
Distribution of genus Jassa (Amphipoda, Ischyroceridae) in the Bay of Campeche, SW Gulf of Mexico, with a description of a new deepwater species
Authors: Winfield Ignacio , Herrera-Dorantes María Teresa
Published: October 2020

The genus Jassa includes 36 species distributed mainly in shallow waters as biofoulers on human-made structures or associated with living or inert soft bottom substrata worldwide. During the oceanographic cruise "2013-PEMEX Exploración y Produción, Regiones Marinas"
in the southwestern Gulf of Mexico, several benthic amphipods of the genus Jassa were collected in sediments of both the continental shelf and the deep benthic sea. The present study examined the geographic and bathymetric distribution of Jassa in the Campeche Salt Basin, SW
Gulf of Mexico, and described a new Jassa species collected below the isobath of 200 m. The species Jassa marmorata and Jassa morinoi were recorded mainly in front of the Usumacinta/Grijalva River Basin and Terminos Lagoon Delta, between 21 and 55 m depth. In contrast,
the new species was recorded in the Bay of Campeche and the Campeche Canyon, below 450 m depth. For J. morinoi, it is the first register in the Gulf of Mexico. The new species increased the number of Jassa species documented worldwide to 37, and that of the deep-sea benthic amphipods
from the Gulf of Mexico to 19 species.
Here we go again
Authors:   Crossref, Stark Jon
Published: October 2020

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Do surgeons use double gloves during surgery? Results
of a survey
Authors: Walczak Dominik , Grajek Maciej , Pawełczak Dariusz , Żółtaszek Agata , Szumniak Ryszard , Czarnecki Marek , Trzeciak Piotr , Krakowczyk Łukasz , Maciejewski Adam , Pasieka Zbigniew
Published: October 2020

Introduction: The perforation of gloves during surgical procedures is quite common. A cheap and quite effective method of reducing the risk of blood-borne infections is wearing two pairs of gloves. Unfortunately, some surgeons are reluctant to it, and they report decreased dexterity and sensation. The aim of the study was to evaluate surgeons’ double-gloving practices to determine the factors related to compliance.
Material and methods: An anonymous, 21-question survey in Polish was sent by post to 41 surgical departments. The questions concerned: demographic data, type of surgical gloves used, allergy to latex, number of surgeries performed, frequency of using double gloves and negative impressions from using them and finally, the frequency of needlestick injuries during surgical procedures.
Results: We received 179 questionnaires back. More than 62% of the surgeons believe that double gloves provide better protection than a single pair, 24% do not believe in this, and 14% have no opinion. Only 0.6% of respondents always use double gloves during surgery, 19% double glove in at least 25% of cases and 68% do it occasionally. 13% of the surgeons declared that they had never worn double gloves. During high-risk procedures, 86% of respondents wear double gloves. About half of respondents (50.3%) report discomfort while wearing double gloves; 45% – decreased dexterity; about 30% complain of numbness and tingling; and 64% – decreased sensation.
Conclusion: Due to the high number of surgical glove perforations and relatively high prevalence of needlestick injuries, it is necessary to use methods that reduce the risk of transmission of pathogens. The habit of using a double pair of gloves should be implemented especially among young surgeons starting to train in their specialities. Consequently, the period of initial discomfort will be combined with the acquisition of surgical skills, which will allow for gradual acclimatization.
A IMPORTÂNCIA DO ESTUDO DAS IMPLICAÇÕES ENTRE A FORMAÇÃO DE VÍNCULOS INTERSUBJETIVOS E O DESENVOLVIMENTO DA AFETIVIDADE HUMANA: UMA PROPOSTA TEÓRICA
Authors: Viana Paulo Vinicius Bachette Alves , Furlan Reinaldo
Published: October 2020

No âmbito da Psicologia do desenvolvimento, têm-se realizado pesquisas que buscam investigar os processos desenvolvimentais em suas dimensões cognitivas, sociais e biológicas em todo o ciclo da vida. Nesse contexto, este trabalho buscou evidenciar o papel destacado da afetividade como dimensão essencial no processo desenvolvimental do sujeito, já que esta parece se situar no cerne da vida social, conferindo significação e sentido para a existência. Com base em alguns marcadores em Bowlby e Wallon que situam a emergência do psíquico sobre a base biológica e o caráter relacional-afetivo desse processo, buscamos as implicações entre a formação de vínculos intersubjetivos e o desenvolvimento da afetividade humana, destacando as reflexões de Merleau-Ponty e Philippe Rochat sobre a Psicologia do desenvolvimento infantil.

Palavras-chave: Psicologia do desenvolvimento infantil. Afetividade. Vínculos. Intersubjetividade.
UM ESTUDO DE INSPIRAÇÃO FENOMENOLÓGICO-HERMENÊUTICO SOBRE A INFERTILIDADE MASCULINA
Authors: Maux Ana Andréa Barbosa , Dutra Elza
Published: October 2020

Culturalmente, procriar é entendido como uma situação que homens e mulheres vivenciarão ao longo da vida. Para o homem, a infertilidade está estreitamente relacionada com perda de masculinidade, com fracasso em seu papel de macho. Este estudo objetivou compreender os impactos que a infertilidade produz na existência de sete homens heterossexuais inférteis. A análise do material partiu da interpretação hermenêutica, tendo como referência teórico-metodológica a analítica da existência, do filósofo Martin Heidegger. Ao final, o estudo enseja reflexões sobre a necessidade de mudanças na formação de base dos meninos, além de espaços de acolhimento aos homens e a suas expressões de sofrimento, bem como o reconhecimento em sua capacidade de superação das situações dolorosas, sem lhes retirar a masculinidade.

Palavras-chave: Infertilidade masculina. Gênero. Pesquisa fenomenológica. Martin Heidegger.
CONSUMISMO PRECOCE E MÍDIA: DISCURSOS PUBLICITÁRIOS DE UM CANAL TELEVISIVO INFANTIL
Authors: Daher Camila Marques Silva , Aquino Giselle Braga de
Published: October 2020

A sociedade contemporânea é marcada pelo consumo e, nessa organização, a criança tem seu lugar de consumidora reservado pela mídia, principalmente a televisiva. A tevê é algo bastante presente na vida das crianças e um importante divulgador de publicidade infantil. Este trabalho identificou os discursos usados pela publicidade de um canal televisivo infantil na tentativa de persuadir a criança e seus cuidadores. Para a realização da pesquisa, foram gravadas e transcritas as peças publicitárias desse canal, e os textos resultantes da transcrição foram submetidos à análise do discurso. Para análise e discussão, o material foi organizado em duas categorias: “felicidade e status por meio do consumo” e “reprodução de papéis de gênero”. Os principais resultados apontaram que os discursos apresentaram os produtos como fórmula para a felicidade e o reforço aos papéis de gênero socialmente construídos pela estratégia de exposição de seus produtos.

Palavras-chave: Consumismo. Infância. Publicidade.
POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS E DIREITOS HUMANOS POR IDOSOS EM SERVIÇO DE CONVIVÊNCIA
Authors: Catão Fátima Fernandes , Rocha Kátia Karolina Rodrigues
Published: October 2020

No contexto de desiguladade que se objetiva no cotidiano vivido no Brasil,  tem-se por objetivo neste estudo refletir sobre os significados dos direitos humanos e políticas públicas, elaborados por idosos que vivenciam essa realidade.  Participaram desse estudo 31 idosos entre 65 a 89 anos de idade, em atendimento nos Serviços de Convivência e Fortalecimento de Vínculos para Idosos – SCFVI. Foram aplicados questionários sociodemográficos e entrevistas semiestruturadas.  Utilizou-se análise de conteúdo temática à luz do referencial da psicologia sócio-histórica. Os significados de direitos humanos e politicas públicas configuraram-se entre  “A responsabilidade é do governo e dos representantes” com 34,3% das falas, “Ausência de direitos que alcancem a todos” com 31,9% e “Conhecimento/desconhecimento de políticas públicas” com 33,8%. Concluiu-se que os idosos elaboram significados objetivados na necessidade de um olhar mais implicado da sociedade e das instituições para com o idoso, a humanização do vivido e o empoderamento na velhice.

Palavras-chave: idosos, direitos humanos, políticas públicas, desigualdade psicossocial, psicologia sócio-histórica
Influência da resolução do MDE na caracterização morfométrica de bacia hidrográfica
Authors: Cunha Elias Rodrigues da , Bacani Vitor Matheus
Published: October 2020

O objetivo do trabalho foi analisar a influência da resolução espacial do Modelo Digital de Elevação (MDE) na caracterização de bacia hidrográfica no Bioma Cerrado a partir dos modelos MDEs ALOS RTC, SRTM 30m e SRTM 90m usando SIG. O limite da bacia e a rede de drenagem foram extraídos de modo automático, enquanto os índices morfométricos linear, areal e do relevo foram calculados, são eles: densidade de drenagem, média do escoamento superficial, coeficiente de compacidade, coeficiente de manutenção, curva hipsométrica, perfil topográfico, altitude e declividade. O MDE ALOS apresentou melhor resultado na delimitação automática da bacia em relação ao MDE SRTM 30m e 90m. Esse resultado evidência o potencial do MDE ALOS como base de dados para caracterização de bacia hidrográfica e, consequentemente, para o gerenciamento de recursos hídricos de modo rápido, preciso e sem custo, uma vez que esses dados são gratuitos. A partir da análise integrada dos índices morfométricos, concluiu-se que a bacia hidrográfica do Rio da Prata não apresenta susceptibilidade à inundação exceto em ocasiões de chuvas excepcionais que podem provocar inundação nas áreas de planícies fluviais.
Considerações sobre o uso de polígonos de amostragem em classificações supervisionadas de imagens de satélite
Authors: FITZ PAULO ROBERTO
Published: October 2020

A dinâmica do espaço geográfico ou natural pode ser estudada através de diferentes métodos e técnicas.  Uma das maneiras diz respeito ao uso das técnicas de sensoriamento remoto para a geração de mapas temáticos a partir da classificação de imagens de satélite.  Em geral, são utilizadas classificações supervisionadas, uma vez que a acurácia destas vai depender da percepção e experiência do usuário, desde que obedecidas algumas regras básicas. A preocupação deste estudo recaía na definição da quantidade de amostras referentes à área trabalhada para sua classificação.  A amostragem dada pelas áreas de treinamento deveria relacionar-se à assinatura espectral relativa às mesmas, ou seja, às porções previamente escolhidas como modelos para a obtenção das classes de uso do solo, ou de cobertura da terra.  A ideia era a de confrontar os resultados obtidos nesta amostragem, que contemplava cerca de 2% da área utilizada em procedimento anterior, com os daquela simulação. A hipótese presumia que deveria haver uma tendência de estabilização nos dados, de acordo com o incremento de áreas de treinamento dadas por polígonos de amostragem, inferior à indicada pela experimentação anterior. As simulações realizadas, entretanto, não confirmaram a hipótese apresentada, e os resultados obtidos indicaram um equilíbrio bastante próximo daquele encontrado em uma área bem maior.
Reflexões metodológicas sobre Cartografia Escolar, Multimodalidade e Multiletramentos com foco de análise na Educação Básica
Authors: Batista Natália Lampert , Becker Elsbeth Léia Spode , Cassol Roberto
Published: October 2020

Os mapas são uma das primeiras formas de linguagem utilizadas pela humanidade para se comunicar e para registrar informações sobre o espaço vivido. Essa linguagem inicialmente esteve atrelada basicamente à representação analógica da realidade. Porém, com a evolução tecnológica empreendida no universo da Cartografia e com a transformação da sociedade, especialmente nos séculos XX e XXI, essa linguagem se tornou múltipla e diversa, ou seja, multimodal e híbrida necessitando ser debatida enquanto uma nova possibilidade de inovação metodológica no ensino de Geografia. Sob essa lógica, o presente texto teve como objetivos relatar uma metodologia de multiletramentos para Cartografia Escolar que enfatiza a existência de mapas híbridos e multimodais e que fornece subsídios às práticas pedagógicas multiletradas no ensino de Geografia na Educação Básica. Concluiu-se que a proposta metodológica articulou os conhecimentos de Cartografia Escolar, as novas e múltiplas linguagens e o ensino de Geografia se mostrando eficiente nos contextos de aplicação e auxiliando com a aprendizagem dos estudantes de forma interativa e colaborativa no Ensino Fundamental e no Ensino Médio da Educação Básica.
Mapa de capacidade e potencial do uso da terra do município de Catalão (GO)
Authors: Silva Antonio Santiago da , Rosa Roberto
Published: October 2020

O estudo tem como objetivo produzir um mapa de uso potencial das terras no município de Catalão (GO). A organização e a análise dos dados extraídos dos mapas temáticos, as informações coletadas em campo e as fontes documentais auxiliaram na produção e na proposição de um mapa de uso potencial da terra do município, conforme suas características físico-naturais. Deste modo, utilizou-se nos procedimentos operacionais, a metodologia para as pesquisas geográficas, em quatro níveis (ou etapas): o compilatório, o correlatório, o semântico e o normativo. Foram usados para a realização desse trabalho cartas imagem 1:100.000 do IBGE e imagens OLI/Landsat8, ALOS PALSAR, dentre outros. No software QGIS e nos módulos de algoritmos nele presentes, foram elaborados mapas de declividade, de hipsometria, de capacidade de uso da terra e de seu uso potencial. As terras classificadas no mapa de capacidade de uso das terras mostraram que as classes I, II e III, equivalente a 69,85% da área da pesquisa estão aptas para a agricultura desde que resguardadas as de áreas de preservação permanente. As terras de classe IV representam 3,64% do total de área e têm limitações que são ainda mais severas para cultivos.  Já as terras classe VI, com 13,12% da área, são recomendadas para pastagens e reflorestamento. As de classe VII são indicadas para reflorestamentos, contando com 2,83% do total da área. As terras da classe VIII são indicadas para a fauna e flora, totalizando 5,34%. Por fim, o mapa de uso potencial das terras elaborado considerou as potencialidades dos recursos naturais, as fragilidades dos sistemas ambientais naturais e a recuperação dos ambientes degradados. As classes de uso potencial das terras no município de Catalão mostram que do total das terras recomendadas, 40,69% são para a agricultura, 11,84% para pastagens, 3,32% para reflorestamento e 38,33% para preservação.
EFFECTS OF NANO-HYDROXYAPATITE DENTIFRICES WITH AND WITHOUT FLUORIDE ON PRIMARY TEETH ENAMEL: A MICRO-CT AND A SEM STUDY
Authors: KOÇYİĞİT Cansu , YÜKSEL Burcu Nihan , ÖZALP Nurhan
Published: October 2020

Objectives: The ideal remineralization system should provide sufficient ion reserves to provide mineral gain on deeper surfaces, as well as being biocompatible and easy to apply with no adverse effect. The aim of this study was to evaluate the remineralization efficiency of dentifrice form of nano-hydroxyapatite alone and its combination with fluoride on initial enamel lesions in primary teeth by micro-CT and SEM. Materials and Methods: The enamel surfaces of 30 extracted primary incisors were treated with nano-hydroxyapatite based (nHAP), nano-hydroxyapatite-fluoride-containing (nHAP+F) and fluoride-containing dentifrice (F), respectively after the pH cycle. Mineral gain and surface properties were evaluated by micro-CT and SEM.Results: nHAP group provided more mineral gain than fluoride containing paste groups but there was no statistically significant difference (p>0.05) according to the micro-CT evaluations.In SEM images, the micropores were completely covered with an apatite layer and mineral precipitations were observed to be wider and more pronounced in the nHAP group. Calcium fluoride crystalline structures exhibited non-homogeneous globular precipitations in the F Group.Conclusions: It was concluded that nHAP dentifrice is as effective as fluoride dentifrice on initial enamel lesions in primary teeth with less caries-resistant enamel surface and therefore it can be safely used.
Nivel de servicio de un centro de atención telefónica: modelo de experiencia del cliente desde el benchmarking y el análisis multivariante
Authors: Colin Marco
Published: October 2020

Objective: This paper aims to study the experience of call center service customers the academic and corporate perspectives; it proposes a management model focused on looking after the customer’s experience during a phone interaction. Methodology: The methodology of this article adopts the internal Benchmarking process as a diagnostic tool and describes the user’s perceptive of internal corporate operations and key performance indicators established in a call center’s balanced scorecard. It uses an exploratory factor analysis to reduce dimensions and a confirmatory analysis to validate the statistical model proposed. Results: The results determine the existence of gaps between the key performance indicators implemented to assess the customer’s experience and satisfaction, they show organizational opportunities characterized for the necessity of transforming production methods into simple processes, aimed to give solutions to the customers within the timeframes specified in just one phone interaction. Limitations: The constructs used are limited by the instrument and metrics implemented by the company under study for evaluating the quality of customer interaction when a customer reaches a customer service’s call center. Practical implications: This study is useful in the marketing, marketing relationships, and customer service areas, since it allows the establishment of an inflection point that proposes an integrated balanced scorecard construction the customer’s experience analysis.
Text analysis como método para identificar los atributos de museos percibidos por turistas: un análisis exploratorio del Museo Nacional Thyssen-Bornemisza (España)
Authors: Orea-Giner Alicia , Vacas-Guerrero Trinidad
Published: October 2020

Objective: The identification of museum attributes is essential when analysing the different factors that attract visitors and studying it in order to improve efficiency in museums, as this could affect the use of funds for developing a marketing campaign to attract visitors. This paper offers a literature review that considers museum visits and museum attributes before proposing a methodology. Methodology: The use of big data applied to tourism research is vital, as it allows for the consideration of the opinions of museum visitors. The case study in this paper is the Thyssen-Bornemisza National Museum in Madrid, Spain. The method for identifying the attributes consists of a textual analysis of TripAdvisor reviews written in English (2500) and Spanish (2500). The information is captured using WebHarvy and is analysed using Nvivo12. Results: After analysing the thousand words that were used most frequently, the main attributes were detected, as well as whether the perception of these attributes was positive or negative. The museum’s location and the building itself were the most highly valued attributes. Other attributes that were valued positively were the peripheral services of the museum, such as its food and beverage services. Limitations: The main limitation is that TripAdvisor is not an entirely reliable source of information, so it will be necessary to obtain more reviews to analyse.
Un estudio sobre la evolución de los principales sistemas informáticos de gestión en el sector hotelero español
Authors: Jiménez Partearroyo Montserrat , Torres Rivera Lucía
Published: October 2020

Aims: This paper compares two similar studies, run on a sample of Spanish hotel establishments in two different years, 2003 and 2017. The objective was to observe how the two most frequently used information system technologies for companies have evolved over this period: enterprise resource planning (ERP) and E-business systems. Methodology: To run the study, the ERP/E-business matrix model (Norris, Hurley, Hartley, Dunleavy and Balls, 2001) was adopted as a methodology, setting up a number of different scenarios to explain the transformations that take place in companies when they apply these technologies at different stages of development. Results: This process was oriented towards developing the two computer systems, prioritizing e-business over ERP and using vertical solutions. Constraints: The study was run on a discrete sample of Spanish hotels and hotel chains. Practical implications: The constructs used are limited by the instrument and metrics implemented by the company under study for evaluating the quality of customer interaction when a customer reaches a customer service’s call center. Practical implications: ICT has become a key factor for the hotel sector, and people who manage the virtualisation of business need to have a business vision aligned with ICT, with continuous improvement in their systems.
Presentation of the monograph «Spoken Corpus Linguistics in Romance: thoughts, design and results»
Authors: Esplà-Gomis Miquel , Sentí Andreu
Published: October 2020

Presentation of the monograph «Spoken Corpus Linguistics in Romance: thoughts, design and results», coordination by Miquel Esplà-Gomis i Andreu Sentí.
The oral corpora in Catalan and research into casual Catalan: the corpora of conversation and functional varieties of the Corpus de Català Contemporani de la Universitat de Barcelona (CCCUB)
Authors: Payrató Lluís , Nogué Neus
Published: October 2020

The aim of this study is to present a set of corpora of casual Catalan (especially oral and colloquial) gathered together in the VARCOM and PRAGMAESTIL projects carried out over the past twenty years at the University of Barcelona. The research has been conducted by the Grup d’Estudi de la Variació (GEV-UB), in particular by the Grup d’Estudis de Pragmàtica i Anàlisi del Discurs (GrEPAD). This paper reviews an oral corpus of colloquial conversation (COC, 2002), an oral corpus of registers (COR, 2004) and an audiovisual oral corpus of textual varieties (CAP, 2008). In the CAP, for the first time the images of the interlocutors are shown as they speak, alongside the transcribed texts. This paper focuses on the qualitative and research-oriented nature of these corpora. The final part of the text underlines the research possibilities that the corpora offer and also highlights the gaps remaining in the field of corpus linguistics applied to Catalan and its oral varieties.
Vicenç Beltran, Irene Capdevila & Tomàs Martínez, «Ramon Llull, els trobadors i la cultura del segle XIII», Florència, Edizioni del Galluzzo per la Fondazione Ezio Franceschini, 2018, 269 p.
Authors: Saiz Raimundo Maria
Published: October 2020

Ressenya  sobre el llibre de Vicenç Beltran, Irene Capdevila &Tomàs Martínez, Ramon Llull, els trobadors i la cultura del segle xiii, Florència, Edizioni del Galluzzo per la Fondazione Ezio Franceschini, 2018, 269 p., ISBN: 978-88-8450-855-3.
Mapping the mind of a fly
Authors: Pipkin Jason
Published: October 2020

Scientists have created the most detailed map of the fruit fly brain to date, identifying over 25,000 neurons and 20 million synapses.
Every hill has its leopard: patterns of space use by leopards (Panthera pardus) in a mixed use landscape in India
Authors: Gubbi Sanjay , Sharma Koustubh , Kumara Vijaya
Published: October 2020

Understanding abundance and distribution of species is often necessary for wildlife conservation. However, elusive species such as the leopard (Panthera pardus) that have wide geographical distribution and typically low abundance pose a constant challenge to conservationists due to logistical and methodological constraints. Although leopard abundance has been estimated at the scale of protected areas or other smaller regions, reliable information describing leopard distribution over large spatial scales remains largely unavailable. Knowledge about space use by leopards within landscapes could help improve conservation management, reduce human-wildlife conflict, and also facilitate population status monitoring. We carried out occupancy surveys across c. 24,000 km2in southern India in a landscape that consisted a mosaic of leopards’ natural habitats and highly human-dominated areas. We investigated the effects of key ecological and anthropogenic variables in determining leopard space use patterns. We addressed imperfect detections obtained using sign surveys conducted on spatially replicated transects within sampling units by modeling detection as a function of spatial auto-correlation and covariates. Our results show that the probability of site-use by leopards across the landscape varied between 0.02 (95% CI [0.01–0.09]) and 0.99 (95% CI [0.99–1.0]) across the study area. The best model (AIC weight = 0.97) showed that the probability of leopard space use was affected by the proportion of natural habitats and the presence of large wild prey in the sampling unit. Given that India is undergoing rapid modifications due to economic changes and demand for natural resources, we emphasize the need for landscape-based approach for conserving and monitoring leopards. We argue that leopards are an indicator of functional ecosystems represented by scrub, deciduous forest and rocky outcrops that do not always get prioritized for conservation, unlike densely forested habitats. Similarly, conservation of natural large wild prey, especially outside the protected area system, should assume greater importance, which could also have a positive impact on reducing human-leopard conflict.
Tumor and germline next generation sequencing in high grade serous cancer: experience from a large population‐based testing program
Authors: Care Melanie , McCuaig Jeanna , Clarke Blaise , Grenier Sylvie , Kim Raymond H , Rouzbahman Marjan , Stickle Natalie , Bernardini Marcus Q , Stockley Tracy L.
Published: October 2020

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of somatic and germline pathogenic variants (PVs) in high‐grade serous cancer (HGSC) and to demonstrate the technical feasibility and effectiveness of a large‐scale, population‐based tumor testing program. It involved a retrospective review of genetic test results in 600 consecutive HGSC tumor samples and a subsequent comparison of germline and tumor results in a subset of 200 individuals. Tumor testing was successful in 95% of samples (570/600) with at least one BRCA1/2 PV identified in 16% (93/570) of cases. Among the 200 paired cases, BRCA1/2 PVs were detected in 38 tumors (19%); 58% were somatic (22/38); and 42% were germline (16/38). There was 100% concordance between germline and tumor test results. This is the largest series of BRCA1/2 testing in HGSC (tumor‐only and paired cohorts), reported to date, and our data show that an effectively designed and validated population‐based tumor testing program can be used to determine both treatment eligibility and hereditary cancer risk.
The FABP12/PPARγ pathway promotes metastatic transformation by inducing epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition and lipid‐derived energy production in prostate cancer cells
Authors: Liu Rong‐Zong , Choi Won‐Shik , Jain Saket , Dinakaran Deepak , Xu Xia , Han Woo Hyun , Yang Xiao‐Hong , Glubrecht Darryl D. , Moore Ronald B. , Lemieux Hélène , Godbout Roseline
Published: October 2020

Early stage localized prostate cancer (PCa) has an excellent prognosis; however, patient survival drops dramatically when PCa metastasizes. The molecular mechanisms underlying PCa metastasis are complex and remain unclear. Here, we examine the role of a new member of the fatty acid‐binding protein (FABP) family, FABP12, in PCa progression. FABP12 is preferentially amplified and/or overexpressed in metastatic compared to primary tumors from both PCa patients and xenograft animal models. We show that FABP12 concurrently triggers metastatic phenotypes (induced epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) leading to increased cell motility and invasion) and lipid bioenergetics (increased fatty acid uptake and accumulation, increased ATP production from fatty acid β‐oxidation) in PCa cells, supporting increased reliance on fatty acids for energy production. Mechanistically, we show that FABP12 is a driver of PPARγ activation which, in turn, regulates FABP12's role in lipid metabolism and PCa progression. Our results point to a novel role for a FABP‐PPAR pathway in promoting PCa metastasis through induction of EMT and lipid bioenergetics.
Levels of brain‐derived neurotrophic factor in patients with multiple sclerosis
Authors: Naegelin Yvonne , Saeuberli Katharina , Schaedelin Sabine , Dingsdale Hayley , Magon Stefano , Baranzini Sergio , Amann Michael , Parmar Katrin , Tsagkas Charidimos , Calabrese Pasquale , Penner Iris Katharina , Kappos Ludwig , Barde Yves‐Alain
Published: October 2020

Objective

To determine the levels of brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the serum of patients suffering from multiple sclerosis (MS) to evaluate the potential of serum BDNF as a biomarker for MS.

Methods

Using a recently validated enzyme‐linked immunoassay (ELISA) we measured BDNF in patients with MS (pwMS), diagnosed according to the 2001 McDonald criteria and aged between 18 and 70 years, participating in a long‐term cohort study with annual clinical visits, including blood sampling, neuropsychological testing, and brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The results were compared with an age‐ and sex‐matched cohort of healthy controls (HC). Correlations between BDNF levels and a range of clinical and magnetic resonance imaging variables were assessed using an adjusted linear model.

Results

In total, 259 pwMS and 259 HC were included, with a mean age of 44.42 ± 11.06 and 44.31 ± 11.26 years respectively. Eleven had a clinically isolated syndrome (CIS), 178 relapsing remitting MS (RRMS), 56 secondary progressive MS (SPMS), and 14 primary progressive MS (PPMS). Compared with controls, mean BDNF levels were lower by 8 % (p˂0.001) in pwMS. The level of BDNF in patients with SPMS was lower than in RRMS (p = 0.004).

Interpretation

We conclude that while the use of comparatively large cohorts enables the detection of a significant difference in BDNF levels between pwMS and HC, the difference is small and unlikely to usefully inform decision‐making processes at an individual patient level.
Limpet Tooth‐Inspired Painless Microneedles Fabricated by Magnetic Field‐Assisted 3D Printing
Authors: Li Xiangjia , Shan Weitong , Yang Yang , Joralmon Dylan , Zhu Yizhen , Chen Yiyu , Yuan Yuan , Xu Han , Rong Jiahui , Dai Rui , Nian Qiong , Chai Yang , Chen Yong
Published: October 2020

Microneedle arrays show many advantages in drug delivery applications due to their convenience and reduced risk of infection. Compared to other microscale manufacturing methods, 3D printing easily overcomes challenges in the fabrication of microneedles with complex geometric shapes and multifunctional performance. However, due to material characteristics and limitations on printing capability, there are still bottlenecks to overcome for 3D printed microneedles to achieve the mechanical performance needed for various clinical applications. The hierarchical structures in limpet teeth, which are extraordinarily strong, result from aligned fibers of mineralized tissue and protein‐based polymer reinforced frameworks. These structures provide design inspiration for mechanically reinforced biomedical microneedles. Here, a bioinspired microneedle array is fabricated using magnetic field‐assisted 3D printing (MF‐3DP). Micro‐bundles of aligned iron oxide nanoparticles (aIOs) are encapsulated by polymer matrix during the printing process. A bioinspired 3D‐printed painless microneedle array is fabricated, and suitability of this microneedle patch for drug delivery during long‐term wear is demonstrated. The results reported here provide insights into how the geometrical morphology of microneedles can be optimized for the painless drug delivery in clinical trials.
Transition Metal Dichalcogenides for Sensing and Oncotherapy: Status, Challenges, and Perspective
Authors: Wang Lude , Xu Duo , Jiang Lianfu , Gao Jie , Tang Zhongmin , Xu Yunjie , Chen Xiang , Zhang Han
Published: October 2020

Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) are increasingly being used for chemical sensing, biosensing, and tumor therapy on account of their diversity, biocompatibility, multifunctionality, adjustable bandgap, and excellent photoelectric characteristics. This review mainly discusses the effect of the elemental composition and structure of TMDCs on the performance of electrochemical, biofluorescence, and colorimetric biosensors. The applications of TMDCs in tumor therapies are reviewed here. Furthermore, the current challenges and future directions for developing TMDC‐based theranostics are summarized.
Pulmonary Targeting Crosslinked Cyclodextrin Metal–Organic Frameworks for Lung Cancer Therapy
Authors: He Yaping , Xiong Ting , He Siyu , Sun Hongyu , Huang Chenxi , Ren Xiaohong , Wu Li , Patterson Laurence H. , Zhang Jiwen
Published: October 2020

Lung cancer is a serious threat to human health with the highest morbidity and mortality; metastatic lung cancer accounts for a majority of cancer‐related deaths. Hence, there is considerable interest in developing efficient lung‐targeted drug delivery systems to improve overall survival and quality of life of lung cancer patients. Based on the lung‐targeting characteristics of cubic crosslinked cyclodextrin metal–organic framework (CDF) nanoparticles, this study shows the synthesis of a nanoplatform using RGD‐functionalized CDF to co‐deliver low‐molecular‐weight heparin (LMWH) and doxorubicin (DOX) for treatment of lung cancer. Rational design of the DOX‐loaded RGD‐CDF‐LMWH nanoplatform (RCLD) is carried out. RCLD nanoparticles are efficiently targeted to lung tumors following intravenous administration; RCLD accumulation in the lung is 5.8 times greater than that in the liver. Moreover, RCLD inhibits migration and invasion of cancer cells in vitro and significantly diminishes lung tumor nodule count and area of spread in human A549 and murine B16F10 lung cancer models in vivo. Furthermore, RCLD does not show serum enzyme or histopathologic indicators of tissue damage or adverse hematologic effects. Therefore, the multiple antitumor activities of this novel RCLD nanoplatform, alongside its safety profile for normal tissues, strongly support its use for targeted treatment of lung cancer.
2D Material Based Synaptic Devices for Neuromorphic Computing
Authors: Cao Guiming , Meng Peng , Chen Jiangang , Liu Haishi , Bian Renji , Zhu Chao , Liu Fucai , Liu Zheng
Published: October 2020

The demand for computing power has been increasing exponentially since the emergence of artificial intelligence (AI), internet of things (IoT), and machine learning (ML), where novel computing primitives are required. Brain inspired neuromorphic computing systems, capable of combining analog computing and data storage at the device level, have drawn great attention recently. In addition, the basic electronic devices mimicking the biological synapse have achieved significant progress. Owing to their atomic thickness and reduced screening effect, the physical properties of 2D materials could be easily modulated by various stimuli, which is quite beneficial for synaptic applications. In this article, aiming at high‐performance and functional neuromorphic computing applications, a comprehensive review of synaptic devices based on 2D materials is provided, including the advantages of 2D materials and heterostructures, various robust multifunctional 2D synaptic devices, and associated neuromorphic applications. Challenges and strategies for the future development of 2D synaptic devices are also discussed. This review will provide an insight into the design and preparation of 2D synaptic devices and their applications in neuromorphic computing.
A General Synthetic Strategy toward Highly Doped Pyridinic Nitrogen‐Rich Carbons
Authors: Mou Xiaoling , Ma Jiaxin , Zheng Shuanghao , Chen Xingkun , Krumeich Frank , Hauert Roland , Lin Ronghe , Wu Zhong‐Shuai , Ding Yunjie
Published: October 2020

Doping carbon materials with p‐block elements such as nitrogen is an effective approach to tune electronic properties of the framework and can endow the host's new characters. To date, highly doped carbons with tunable nitrogen speciation are still less explored due to the grand challenge in fabrication; for example, the typical synthesis based on the pyrolysis of nitrogen‐containing precursors shows a trade‐off between the total nitrogen content and the carbonization temperature, limiting the value to ≈12 wt% at 1073 K. Herein, intensifying ring opening of cross‐linked polymers through controlled pre‐oxidation followed by conventional pyrolysis is demonstrated as an elegant method to circumvent this challenge. In addition to fine tunability at different nitrogen speciation, this strategy can increase the nitrogen content by two‐ to threefold (maximum ≈22 wt%) and shows general viability in six different N‐bearing (co)polymers. The highly doped pyridinic nitrogen‐rich carbons show i) a remarkable capacity of 879 mAh g−1 at 0.1 A g−1 and excellent cycling performance in lithium ion batteries, and ii) significantly boosted catalytic performance in the selective oxidation of diverse substrates. Therefore, this facile synthetic strategy and the tunability at nitrogen functionalities will greatly broaden the applications of this new class of functional materials.
A Facile Way to Construct Stable and Ionic Conductive Lithium Sulfide Nanoparticles Composed Solid Electrolyte Interphase on Li Metal Anode
Authors: Cui Yongliang , Liu Sufu , Wang Donghuang , Wang Xiuli , Xia Xinhui , Gu Changdong , Tu Jiangping
Published: October 2020

Due to the high theoretical capacity and low reduction potential, metallic lithium is a promising anode material for the next generation of high‐energy‐density batteries. However, the dynamic Li plating/stripping process can easily destroy the unstable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) and cause dendrite growth. Here, an artificial lithium sulfide nanoparticle composed SEI layer with superior stability and high ionic conductivity is designed by a spray quenching method. The artificial SEI layer on Li surface can effectively minimize the side reactions and suppress Li dendrite growth, and the metal electrode delivers stable cycling for 500 cycles in the symmetrical cell with carbonate electrolyte. Moreover, when this SEI‐modified Li anode is coupled with a LiFePO4 cathode, the full cell shows promoted cycling stability and rate capability. This work provides a broadly applicable and facile strategy to address the intrinsic issues of lithium metal anodes.
Highly In‐Plane Anisotropic 2D PdSe2 for Polarized Photodetection with Orientation Selectivity
Authors: Pi Lejing , Hu Chunguang , Shen Wanfu , Li Liang , Luo Peng , Hu Xiaozong , Chen Ping , Li Dongyan , Li Zexin , Zhou Xing , Zhai Tianyou
Published: October 2020

Polarized photodetection based on anisotropic two‐dimensional materials display promising prospects for practical application in optical communication and optoelectronic fields. However, most of the reported polarized photodetection are limited by the lack of valid tunable strategy and low linear dichroism ratio. A peculiar noble metal dichalcogenide—PdSe2 with a puckered pentagonal structure and abnormal linear dichroism conversion—potentially removes these restrictions and is demonstrated in this study. Herein, azimuth‐dependent reflectance difference microscopy combined with anisotropic electrical transport measurements indicate strong in‐plane anisotropic optical and electrical properties of two‐dimensional PdSe2. Remarkably, the typical polarization‐resolved photodetection exhibits anisotropic photodetection characteristics with a dichroic ratio up to ≈1.8 at 532 nm and ≈2.2 at 369 nm, and their dominant polarization orientation differs by 90° corresponding to the a‐axis and b‐axis, respectively. The unique orientation selection behavior in polarization‐dependent photodetection can be attributed to the intrinsic linear dichroism conversion. The results make 2D PdSe2 a promising platform for investigating anisotropic structure–property correlations and integrated optical applications for novel polarization‐sensitive photodetection.