bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Repurposing synthetic and natural derivatives induces apoptosis in an orthotopic glioma‐induced xenograft model by modulating WNT/β‐catenin signaling
Authors: Daisy Precilla Senthilathiban , Kuduvalli Shreyas S. , Biswas Indrani , Bhavani Krishnamurthy , Pillai Agieshkumar Balakrishna , Thomas Jisha Mary , Anitha Thirugnanasambandhar Sivasubramanian
Published: July 2023

Background

Glioblastomas arise from multistep tumorigenesis of the glial cells. Despite the current state‐of‐art treatment, tumor recurrence is inevitable. Among the innovations blooming up against glioblastoma, drug repurposing could provide profound premises for treatment enhancement. While considering this strategy, the efficacy of the repurposed drugs as monotherapies were not up to par; hence, the focus has now shifted to investigate the multidrug combinations.

Aim

To investigate the efficacy of a quadruple‐combinatorial treatment comprising temozolomide along with chloroquine, naringenin, and phloroglucinol in an orthotopic glioma‐induced xenograft model.

Methods

Antiproliferative effect of the drugs was assessed by immunostaining. The expression profiles of WNT/β‐catenin and apoptotic markers were evaluated by qRT‐PCR, immunoblotting, and ELISA. Patterns of mitochondrial depolarization was determined by flow cytometry. TUNEL assay was performed to affirm apoptosis induction. In vivo drug detection study was carried out by ESI‐Q‐TOF MS analysis.

Results

The quadruple‐drug treatment had significantly hampered glioma proliferation and had induced apoptosis by modulating the WNT/β‐catenin signaling. Interestingly, the induction of apoptosis was associated with mitochondrial depolarization. The quadruple‐drug cocktail had breached the blood–brain barrier and was detected in the brain tissue and plasma samples.

Conclusion

The quadruple‐drug combination served as a promising adjuvant therapy to combat glioblastoma lethality in vivo and can be probed for translation from bench to bedside.
“I prefer working with mares, like women, difficult in character but go the extra mile”: A study of multiple inequalities in equine (sports) business
Authors: Jammaers Eline , Huopalainen Astrid
Published: July 2023

The idea that a “single category”—focus in the study of workplace inequality leads to oversimplification and obscures its complex nature is now generally accepted. Yet few concerns have been raised with regard to the “single species”—focus of inequalities in the context of management and organization studies. In this paper, we shed light on the interplay of multiple inequalities in the multispecies, sex‐integrated setting of equine (sports) business in the Belgian context, and paying particular attention to show jumping activities. An Ackerian analysis reveals the persistence of gendered inequalities despite women's “theoretically” improved chances of identifying with the ideal rider construct, following changed breeding preferences and an organizational logic of “passion‐merit.” Popular imageries of horses paradoxically reveal the lack of agency awarded to animals and the instrumental nature of the human–horse bond. This study opens the debate on how nonhuman animals may be integrated into core feminist organizational concepts, looking at organizational logic through a multispecies lens. We initiate a claim to knowledge about overlapping and intersecting forms of inequality in a posthumanist spirit whilst reflexively acknowledging our human‐centered approach to data collection. Finally, we ponder upon the question of what ontological and methodological shifts would be required to convincingly speak of multispecies inequality regimes.
A Complex Brownfields Case Study—The Former Bannister Federal Complex, Kansas City, Missouri
Authors: Cohen Harvey A. , Breslin Kevin P. , Rafferty Michael T.
Published: July 2023

In November 2017, 225 acres (91 ha) of the former Bannister Federal Complex (BFC) in Kansas City, Missouri were transferred from the Federal Government to Bannister Transformation & Development, LLC (BTD), for demolition; environmental corrective measures; and preparation of the site for redevelopment. This presented a once‐in‐a‐lifetime opportunity to reconfigure groundwater remedies and address long‐standing soil contamination issues. The property included more than 40 previously‐identified Solid Waste Management Units, 3.9 million square feet (362,000 m2) of buildings, subsurface utilities dating back to the 1940s, and an active groundwater containment system. Demolition of buildings and installation of an interim groundwater containment system began almost immediately after property transfer. In 2018, BTD substantially modified its project schedule to incorporate the construction of the first new buildings while demolition and remedial activities were ongoing. By October 2020, construction of the first new warehouse commenced while excavation and capping of contaminated soils, installation of a groundwater containment treatment systems, and abandonment of legacy utilities were still underway. Completion of this work, within the originally planned timeframe, was made possible by factors including up‐front multi‐year funding, early and ongoing engagement of regulators, an extended 3‐year due diligence program and planning stage, and establishment of well‐defined environmental targets. Both the soil and groundwater remedies were also designed with the flexibility needed to accommodate unknown conditions, changing schedules, and revisions to the regrading and redevelopment plans. This case study highlights key technical and management factors that led to the successful completion of this complex brownfields remediation project.
The Great Mandate, Sages and Sufism: Expounding Ma Dexin and his Sino‐Muslim predecessors
Authors: FU Fiona
Published: July 2023

Abstract: Ma Dexin (1794–1874), the prestigious Sino‐Muslim philosopher, bridged Sufi ideas and Neo‐Confucian philosophy by his handling of the concept of the Great Mandate. For Ma, the Sufi idea of ‘the Muhammadan Reality’, namely the reality of the perfect human, could be understood through an adoption and exploration of an ontological and cosmological interpretation of the Confucian concepts ‘sage’ and ‘ming’. The paper explains how Ma departed from the Neo‐Confucian conceptual framework by holding that the Non‐Ultimate had more ontological significance than the Supreme Ultimate. It is proposed that Ma's difference from the Neo‐Confucians on that point explains his identification of the Great Mandate with the Non‐Ultimate.
Fecal microbiota transplantation for recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection in frail and very old patients
Authors: Montalto Massimo , Gallo Antonella , Agnitelli Maria Chiara , Pellegrino Simona , Lipari Alice , Pero Erika , Covino Marcello , Landi Francesco , Gasbarrini Antonio , Cammarota Giovanni , Ianiro Gianluca
Published: July 2023

Background

Older age is a well‐known risk factor for recurrent and severe Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI). Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is widely recognized as an effective and safe therapeutic option for the treatment of recurrent CDI (rCDI). However, the efficacy and safety of FMT for rCDI in very old patients are uncertain. This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of FMT in a group of very old subjects with rCDI, and the reliability of overall comorbidity and frailty assessment for identifying patients at higher risk of worse clinical outcomes.

Methods

This is a retrospective single‐center study including patients ≥85 years undergoing FMT for rCDI between 2014 and 2022. Primary outcomes included efficacy of FMT, defined as cure of CDI at 8 week‐follow‐up, and safety evaluation. At baseline, comorbidity was measured with the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI). Frailty was measured with the Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS).

Results

Overall, 43 patients with a median age of 88 years underwent FMT by colonoscopy in the study period. The rate of first FMT success was 77%. Five of the 10 patients who failed the first FMT infusion were cured after repeat FMT, with an overall efficacy of 88%. In patients with successful treatment, the CFS was significantly lower compared to those who failed the FMT or underwent repeat FMT (p < 0.01 for both). Mild adverse events occurred in 11 patients (25%). One death, not related to FMT or rCDI, occurred within 7 days from the first procedure.

Conclusions

FMT is effective and safe in very old patients. Frailty and high comorbidity do not limit use of FMT in these patients. Frailty assessment has potential to better identify patients at higher risk of worse outcomes or for repeat treatment with FMT.
Work strains and disabilities in French workers: A career‐long retrospective study
Authors: Barnay Thomas , Defebvre Éric
Published: July 2023

This study aims to estimate the causal impact of detrimental working conditions on the self‐reported disabilities in France. Using a retrospective lifelong panel, we implement a mixed econometric strategy that relies on difference‐in‐differences and matching methods to take into account for selection biases as well as unobserved heterogeneity. Deleterious effects from exposure on disability are found, depending on the nature and magnitude of the strains. These results provide insights into the debate on legal retirement age postponement and justify policies being enacted early in individuals' careers, but also schemes that are more focused on psychosocial risk factors.
Dietary sodium intake and its relation to sleep duration, sleep quality and nocturnal urination in working‐aged Korean adults
Authors: Jung Ju Young , Oh Chang‐Mo , Kim Eugene , Park Sung Keun
Published: July 2023

Both sodium intake and sleep have an important effect on cardiovascular health. However, few studies have looked at the association between sodium intake and sleep. Therefore, we analysed the association of sodium intake with sleep quality, sleep duration and nocturnal urination. The data for the present study were obtained from the Kangbuk Samsung Health Study. Study participants were 156 696 working‐aged Korean adults (average age 38.0 years ±8.0 in men and 36.0 years ±8.1 in women). They were categorised into five groups by quintile of sodium intake, measured by food frequency questionnaire. Poor sleep quality and short sleep duration were determined by Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index >5, and sleep duration <7 h, respectively. Nocturnal urination was defined as awakening to urinate more than three times a week. Multivariable adjusted logistic regression analysis was used in calculating the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for poor sleep quality, short sleep duration and nocturnal urination (adjusted OR [95% CI]) across five study groups. In all study participants, increased sodium intake was significantly associated with poor sleep quality (quintile 1: reference, quintile 2: 1.07 [1.04–1.11], quintile 3: 1.12 [1.08–1.16], quintile 4: 1.15 [1.11–1.19] and quintile 5: 1.13 [1.09–1.18]). This pattern of relationship was similarly observed in association of sodium intake with short sleep duration (p for trend <0.001) and nocturnal urination (p for trend <0.001). In gender subgroup analysis, increased sodium intake had a significant association with poor sleep quality and short sleep duration in men and with poor sleep quality and nocturnal urination in women. In conclusion, high sodium intake is associated with an increased likelihood of poor sleep quality, short sleep duration and nocturnal urination.
Headache as the presenting manifestation of Gorlin‐Goltz syndrome with diastematomyelia: A case report
Authors: Ghosh Ritwik , León‐Ruiz Moisés , Purkait Siktha , Roy Dipayan , Ghosh Tapas , Benito‐León Julián
Published: July 2023

Gorlin‐Goltz syndrome (GGS) is an autosomal dominant multisystemic disease with high penetrance. Headache heralding GGS has been previously reported but without discussing potential sources. We report a patient with headache and a novel association (diastematomyelia), which helped with the diagnosis. A 46‐year‐old woman presented with persistent holocranial headache. On examination, countless hyperpigmented basal cell nevi over the face, pits over the palmar/plantar surface, and palmar and plantar keratosis were observed. A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the spinal cord revealed diastematomyelia. Diagnosis of GGS was finally made. Headache and diastematomyelia should be included in the clinical picture of GGS.
Tannerella forsythia scavenges Fusobacterium nucleatum secreted NOD2 stimulatory molecules to dampen oral epithelial cell inflammatory response
Authors: Settem Rajendra P. , Ruscitto Angela , Chinthamani Sreedevi , Honma Kiyonobu , Sharma Ashu
Published: July 2023

The oral organism Tannerella forsythia is auxotrophic for peptidoglycan amino sugar N‐acetylmuramic acid (MurNAc). It survives in the oral cavity by scavenging MurNAc‐ and MurNAc‐linked peptidoglycan fragments (muropeptides) secreted by co‐habiting bacteria such as Fusobacterium nucleatum with which it forms synergistic biofilms. Muropeptides, MurNAc‐l‐Ala‐d‐isoGln (MDP, muramyl dipeptide) and d‐γ‐glutamyl‐meso‐DAP (iE‐DAP dipeptide), are strong immunostimulatory molecules that activate nucleotide oligomerization domain (NOD)‐like innate immune receptors and induce the expression of inflammatory cytokines and antimicrobial peptides. In this study, we utilized an in vitro T. forsythia–F. nucleatum co‐culture model to determine if T. forsythia can selectively scavenge NOD ligands from the environment and impact NOD‐mediated inflammation. The results showed that NOD‐stimulatory molecules were secreted by F. nucleatum in the spent culture broth, which subsequently induced cytokine and antimicrobial peptide expression in oral epithelial cells. In the spent broth from T. forsythia–F. nucleatum co‐cultures, the NOD‐stimulatory activity was significantly reduced. These data indicated that F. nucleatum releases NOD2‐stimulatory muropeptides in the environment, and T. forsythia can effectively scavenge the muropeptides released by co‐habiting bacteria to dampen NOD‐mediated host responses. This proof‐of‐principle study demonstrated that peptidoglycan scavenging by T. forsythia can impact the innate immunity of oral epithelium by dampening NOD activation.
Art dealers as competitors and community builders: Understanding the overlapping social logics of the contemporary art world
Authors: Rojas Fabio , De La Torre David
Published: July 2023

Art dealers are often described as gatekeepers who are focused on their own position as well as the status of their artists and collectors. We argue that this is an incomplete account of art dealing. The goal of this article is to explain how art dealing is a “toolkit” that does not exclusively focus on status building and social capital, but also includes behavior associated with accessing the visual arts field and community development. First, art dealers often have a background that has strong social ties to art, which provides them with intimate knowledge of the art world and social connections with artists, collectors, and other art world actors. For that reason, entry into art dealing reflects intimate knowledge of art practices, what we call “proximate connoisseurship.” Second, art dealerships reflect both competitive and communal factors. Art dealers may choose to work with artists based on their ability to generate income, social capital, and prestige (“competitive logic”), but art dealers may also employ a “communal logic” focused on friendships and creating community. This theory of art dealers is illustrated with excerpts from interviews with 34 dealers randomly selected from the rosters of international art fairs such as Art Basel Miami, EXPO Chicago, Aqua, and the New Art Dealers Alliance show.
“I'm Moderna, what are you?” Evidence that people favor those who received their same brand COVID‐19 vaccine
Authors: Meese William B. , Howell Jennifer L.
Published: July 2023

In two studies, we investigated the extent to which people are biased toward people with the same COVID‐19 vaccine brand using a monetary allocation task. Informed by theoretical approaches to intergroup bias and the minimal‐groups paradigm, we expected that, when deciding how to allocate financial resources among three different people—each with an equal need for assistance but a different COVID‐19 vaccine brand—people would allocate more money, on average, to those who received the same versus different vaccine brand than participants personally received. We found in Study 1 (N = 94) that people given a hypothetical $10.00 experimental endowment allocated an average of $2.00 more when a person was a member of their vaccine ingroup than to those from their vaccine brand outgroup. We replicated this effect in Study 2 (N = 219), finding that people continued to allocate more money ($1.42) to a person from their vaccine brand ingroup versus those from their vaccine brand outgroup. Taken together, this work suggests that, among vaccinated people, the brand of another person's vaccine meaningfully influences the allocation of monetary resources and that people are biased toward people with the same COVID‐19 vaccine brand. Implications for social identity theories are discussed.
Acquired perforating dermatosis: A clinicopathologic study, and the features of dermoscopy and reflective confocal microscopy of 37 cases
Authors: Gao Zhe , Lu Si‐Jia , Shan Shi‐Jun
Published: July 2023

Background

Acquired perforating dermatosis (APD) is a rare skin condition characterized by degenerated materials eliminated from the dermis. Several retrospective studies on APD have been reported; however, few data are available on Chinese APD and their features on dermoscopy and reflective confocal microscope (RCM) assays.

Objective

The aim of this study was to retrospectively evaluate the clinical and histopathologic data of 37 acquired perforating dermatosis cases, and assess their features on dermoscopy and RCM.

Methods

Thirty‐seven APD patients were retrospectively enrolled in our study. We characterized the clinical histopathological features, concomitant diseases, treatment responses, and the dermoscopy and RCM findings.

Results

Pruritus was the most common symptom, with the lower extremities as the most predilection sites (86.5%, n = 32; 91.9%, n = 34, respectively). Concomitant diseases were found in 34 patients (92.6%), among which diabetes mellitus was the most common, followed by thyroid nodules, allergic dermatosis, and chronic renal insufficiency. Dermoscopy and RCM assays were performed in 11 patients. The typical RCM images were hyperreflective cord‐like structures from the epidermis to dermis. Dermoscopy features of fully developed lesions showed central ulceration with peripheral hairpin‐like or loop‐like capillaries with characteristic garland arrangements.

Conclusion

APD is an uncommon skin disorder associated with various systemic conditions in Chinese individuals. Thyroid disorders are an overlooked complication and may play an important role in the development of APD. The results of this study indicate that noninvasive dermoscopy and RCM examination are helpful in the rapid diagnosis and early intervention of APD.
Cardiovascular response to anticipatory and reactionary postural perturbations in young adults
Authors: Siedlecki Patrick , Ivanova Tanya D. , Garland S. Jayne
Published: July 2023

Cardiovascular responses to postural perturbations have been reported, but whether the cardiovascular responses to external perturbations could be executed in anticipation of the perturbation is unknown. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of anticipated and reactionary perturbations on heart rate (HR) and systolic blood pressure (SBP) responses in healthy young adults. A secondary aim was to determine whether perceived state anxiety scores were correlated with the change in HR response during postural perturbation. Twenty healthy young adults stood on a treadmill and experienced two perturbation conditions (anticipatory vs. reactionary), each with two intensity levels (Step vs. No Step). The HR and SBP were collected continuously. Two‐way repeated‐measures statistical non‐parametric mapping tests were used to compare HR and SBP responses to the perturbations over time (from −3 to +8 s). The results indicated that HR was significantly elevated in the higher intensity perturbations [Step vs. No Step, at 0.56–1.32 s (P < 0.0001) and 1.92–3.44 s (P < 0.0001) post‐perturbation], while there were no differences in HR between perturbation types (anticipatory vs. reactionary) or in SBP between perturbation types and intensity levels. The perceived state anxiety scores did not differ between perturbation types and intensity levels but were correlated with the change in HR post‐perturbation (P = 0.013). We suggest that reflexive mechanisms dominate cardiovascular regulation after anticipatory and reactionary perturbations. The data highlight the cardiovascular mechanism(s) associated with perturbations that should be considered when assessing postural stability in populations with poor balance performance.
Dossier “Memorias, redes y afectos. Hacia una historia cultural de mujeres en América Latina”
Authors: Alzate Carolina , Stecher Guzmán Lucía
Published: July 2023

.
Feminismos transnacionales y estamentalismo local. María Jesús Alvarado y Dora Mayer en el Congreso Femenino de Buenos Aires (1910)
Authors: Denegri Francesca
Published: July 2023

A partir de los vínculos a distancia que establecieron dos activistas peruanas amigas con los discursos y colectivos del Primer Congreso Femenino Internacional de Buenos Aires, el artículo se enfoca en los avances y retrocesos de sus proyectos emancipatorios. La lectura en contrapunto de la novela Nuevas cumbres de María Jesús Alvarado y de textos no literarios suyos y de Dora Mayer, entre ellos sus ponencias en Buenos Aires en 1910, revela los problemas que enfrentaron en la sociedad estamentalista peruana para forjar las alianzas interclasistas necesarias para el desarrollo del feminismo en su país.
Genealogías poéticas mexicanas: Concha Urquiza y lo espiritual como disidencia
Authors: García Gutiérrez Rosa
Published: July 2023

Este artículo rescata a la olvidada poeta mexicana Concha Urquiza (1910-1945) desde tres claves: el lugar periférico que las mujeres ocuparon en los círculos literarios dominantes durante el periodo de entreguerras; la utilización de la religiosidad como disidencia ante la crisis de las vanguardias históricas y el advenimiento del paradigma posmoderno; y la construcción de genealogías femeninas como estrategia feminista. Se reinterpreta, con esas claves, el sentido profundo de su poesía como apropiación moderna de la tradición mística y se analizan dos recuperaciones de la poeta como mater: la de Cristina Rivera Garza desde el feminismo y la de Roberto Bolaño en Los detectives salvajes desde su afirmación de lo moderno como resistencia.
Skills for the aspiring surgeon in Australia: A needs assessment
Authors: Ealing Isaac , Hong Jonathon , Whereat Sarah , Builth-Snoad Lily , Shree Vijidha , Laurence Jerome
Published: July 2023

Introduction: The increasing duration of time before the commencement of formal surgical education training (SET) in Australia has emphasised the need for pre-SET “aspiring” surgical trainees to develop greater competency in both generic and specialty-specific skills to fulfil these public hospital positions, however there is no formalised curriculum or guide. This paper investigates current inconsistencies in the training of Australian pre-SET aspiring surgical trainees and attempts to define which skills are required.
Methods: We conducted semi-structured interviews with pre-SET supervisors in general and specialty surgery fields at a large tertiary teaching hospital in Sydney, Australia, to assess expectations and competencies of pre-SET surgical trainees. A mixed-method analysis was used with inductive content analysis used for the rich interview data and quantitative analysis of 5-point Likert scale scores for the essential skills syllabus and eligibility requirements.
Results: Eighteen interviews were conducted. Three major themes arose from inductive content analysis: participants perceived that pre-SET trainees met basic expectations, significant variability in skill level exists between trainees, and simulation was suggested as a potential solution to address gaps in training. Quantitative analysis of Likert scores suggests that trainee competency was inadequate (or not required) for several skills. For general surgery, trainee competency was deemed inadequate for proctoscopy, rigid sigmoidoscopy and appendicectomy.
Conclusions: There is a critical need to clearly define the skills expected of pre-SET trainees and their role within the healthcare system. This study provides insights into the content of that skillset, which could be used to design relevant and useful training programs for pre-SET trainees. The value of simulation training was universally noted by participants. They believed that this could improve competency for pre-SET trainees in technical and non-technical skills.
Enriching research practices through knowledge about Indigenous research methodologies
Authors: Bolton Joanne , Remedios Louisa , Andrews Shawana
Published: July 2023

Introduction

Learning about Indigenous research paradigms and methodologies offers insights and reflexive opportunities for those who seek to improve their research practice.  This paper explores how research at the ‘interface’ can enrich scholarly inquiry across the academy. Whilst a single paper cannot do justice to the sophistication and nuance of Indigenous methodologies, as an authorship team of one Indigenous and two non-Indigenous academics, and through our established relationship and subsequent conversations, we present in this paper seven distilled methodological learnings that can enrich standard qualitative research practice. We predominantly explored the work of Indigenous scholars worldwide, and where relevant have drawn on non-Indigenous scholars where there may be ‘interface’ compatibilities. We also build off some of our previous work such as Andrews (2020a, 2020b), Andrews (2021) and Bolton and Andrews (2018).

It is very important to clearly state that we are not suggesting readers, particularly non-Indigenous readers, use this paper as a template for Indigenous research, or as a guide for conducting research with Indigenous peoples and communities.  Rather, our intention is to share our personal learnings about Indigenous research with a view to bridging methodological understanding to achieve high quality qualitative research. Indigenous researchers have sought to navigate the interface between Indigenous and western research to generate new knowledge that reflects the interests, values and priorities of Indigenous peoples. The last twenty-five years has seen significant effort by Indigenous scholars across the globe to establish an Indigenous academic research agenda and pioneer change in research practices. The interface between Indigenous and western knowledge systems has much to offer research as a basis for the generation of new knowledge (Durie, 2004; Martin, 2008). It is at this interface, or intersection between two knowledges, that we make connections and offer our insights.

This paper is divided into four sections: Beginning, Middle, Reflective End and New Beginnings, a framework drawn from our work. Within these four sections are seven key methodological reflections under the sub-headings: Understanding place in research, Positionality, Worldviews in research, Privileging knowledges, Relational accountability, Storytelling as methodology and Circular research processes, and at each sub-heading is our key learnings.   This is shown in Figure 1, noting the arrows grow in size as we approach ‘Beginning Again’ as a way of illustrating the enriching of knowledges and practices as the learning process loops iteratively.
Cronobacter sakazakii Pyridoxal Kinase PdxY Mediated by TreR and pESA3 Is Essential for Vitamin B
6
(PLP) Maintenance and Virulence
Authors: Lu Ping , Dong Xiaoli , Ji Xuemeng
Published: July 2023

The opportunistic pathogen
Cronobacter sakazakii
is known to cause severe infections, particularly in neonates, and can result in high mortality rates. In this study, we used a comparative proteomic profiling approach to identify genes essential for the successful pathogenesis of
C. sakazakii
.
Draft genomes of
Aspergillus nomiae
and
Aspergillus tamarii
isolates from human eye infections
Authors: Hatmaker E. Anne , Schmitz Jonathan E. , Rokas Antonis
Published: July 2023

Fungal species within the genus
Aspergillus
are an important cause of human diseases, including aspergillosis and keratitis. We present draft genomes of
Aspergillus tamarii
and
A. nomiae
isolated from keratitis patients in a U.S. tertiary care hospital.
Discriminating Susceptibility of Xanthine Oxidoreductase Family to Metals
Authors: Steunou Anne-Soisig , Babot Marion , Durand Anne , Bourbon Marie-Line , Liotenberg Sylviane , Miotello Guylaine , Armengaud Jean , Ouchane Soufian
Published: July 2023

The high toxicity of Cu, Cd, Pb, As, and other metals arises from their ability to cross membranes and target metalloenzymes in the cytoplasm. Identifying these targets provides insights into the toxicity mechanisms.
Racial and ethnic disparities in common inpatient safety outcomes in a children’s hospital cohort
Authors: Lyren Anne , Haines Elizabeth , Fanta Meghan , Gutzeit Michael , Staubach Katherine , Chundi Pavan , Ward Valerie , Srinivasan Lakshmi , Mackey Megan , Vonderhaar Michelle , Sisson Patricia , Sheffield-Bradshaw Ursula , Fryzlewicz Bonnie , Coffey Maitreya , Cowden John D
Published: July 2023

Background

Emerging evidence has shown racial and ethnic disparities in rates of harm for hospitalised children. Previous work has also demonstrated how highly heterogeneous approaches to collection of race and ethnicity data pose challenges to population-level analyses. This work aims to both create an approach to aggregating safety data from multiple hospitals by race and ethnicity and apply the approach to the examination of potential disparities in high-frequency harm conditions.

Methods

In this cross-sectional, multicentre study, a cohort of hospitals from the Solutions for Patient Safety network with varying race and ethnicity data collection systems submitted validated central line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) and unplanned extubation (UE) data stratified by patient race and ethnicity categories. Data were submitted using a crosswalk created by the study team that reconciled varying approaches to race and ethnicity data collection by participating hospitals. Harm rates for race and ethnicity categories were compared with reference values reflective of the cohort and broader children’s hospital population.

Results

Racial and ethnic disparities were identified in both harm types. Multiracial Hispanic, Combined Hispanic and Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander patients had CLABSI rates of 2.6–3.6 SD above reference values. For Black or African American patients, UE rates were 3.2–4.4 SD higher. Rates of both events in White patients were significantly lower than reference values.

Conclusions

The combination of harm data across hospitals with varying race and ethnicity collection systems was accomplished through iterative development of a race and ethnicity category framework. We identified racial and ethnic disparities in CLABSI and UE that can be addressed in future improvement work by identifying and modifying care delivery factors that contribute to safety disparities.
Renin–angiotensin system inhibition after surgical aortic valve replacement for aortic stenosis
Authors: Martinsson Andreas , Törngren Charlotta , Nielsen Susanne J , Pan Emily , Hansson Emma C , Taha Amar , Jeppsson Anders
Published: July 2023

Objective

The optimal medical therapy after surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) for aortic stenosis remains unknown. Renin–angiotensin system (RAS) inhibitors could potentially improve cardiac remodelling and clinical outcomes after SAVR.

Methods

All patients undergoing SAVR due to aortic stenosis in Sweden 2006–2020 and surviving 6 months after surgery were included. The primary outcome was major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs; all-cause mortality, stroke or myocardial infarction). Secondary endpoints included the individual components of MACE and cardiovascular mortality. Time-updated adjusted Cox regression models were used to compare patients with and without RAS inhibitors. Subgroup analyses were performed, as well as a comparison between angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs).

Results

A total of 11 894 patients (mean age, 69.5 years, 40.4% women) were included. Median follow-up time was 5.4 (2.7–8.5) years. At baseline, 53.6% of patients were dispensed RAS inhibitors, this proportion remained stable during follow-up. RAS inhibition was associated with a lower risk of MACE (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 0.87 (95% CI 0.81 to 0.93), p<0.001), mainly driven by a lower risk of all-cause death (aHR 0.79 (0.73 to 0.86), p<0.001). The lower MACE risk was consistent in all subgroups except for those with mechanical prostheses (aHR 1.07 (0.84 to 1.37), p for interaction=0.040). Both treatment with ACE inhibitors (aHR 0.89 (95% CI 0.82 to 0.97)) and ARBs (0.87 (0.81 to 0.93)) were associated with lower risk of MACE.

Conclusion

The results of this study suggest that medical therapy with an RAS inhibitor after SAVR is associated with a 13% lower risk of MACE and a 21% lower risk of all-cause death.
Symmetric deformed 2D/3D Hurwitz–Kontsevich model and affine Yangian of $${\mathfrak {gl}}(1)$$
Authors: Na Wang , Ke Wu
Published: July 2023

Since the ($$\beta $$
β
-deformed) Hurwitz Kontsevich model corresponds to the special case of affine Yangian of $${\mathfrak {gl}}(1)$$

gl
(
1
)

. In this paper, we construct two general cases of the $$\beta $$
β
-deformed Hurwitz Kontsevich model. We find that the W-operators of these two models can be represented by the generators $$e_k,\ f_k,\psi _k$$

e
k

,

f
k

,

ψ
k

of the affine Yangian of $${\mathfrak {gl}}(1)$$

gl
(
1
)

, and the eigenstates (the symmetric functions $$Y_\lambda $$

Y
λ

and 3-Jack polynomials) can be obtained from the 3D Young diagram representation of affine Yangian of $${\mathfrak {gl}}(1)$$

gl
(
1
)

. Then we can see that the W-operators and eigenstates are symmetric about the permutations of coordinate axes.
UFO 2.0: the ‘Universal Feynman Output’ format
Authors: Darmé Luc , Degrande Céline , Duhr Claude , Fuks Benjamin , Goodsell Mark , Heinrich Gudrun , Hirschi Valentin , Höche Stefan , Höfer Marius , Isaacson Joshua , Mattelaer Olivier , Ohl Thorsten , Pagani Davide , Reuter Jürgen , Richardson Peter , Schumann Steffen , Shao Hua-Sheng , Siegert Frank , Zaro Marco
Published: July 2023

We present an update of the Universal FeynRules Output model format, commonly known as the UFO format, that is used by several automated matrix-element generators and high-energy physics software. We detail different features that have been proposed as extensions of the initial format during the last ten years, and collect them in the current second version of the model format that we coin the Universal Feynman Output format. Following the initial philosophy of the UFO, they consist of flexible and modular additions to address particle decays, custom propagators, form factors, the renormalisation group running of parameters and masses, and higher-order quantum corrections.
Traversable Morris–Thorne–Buchdahl wormholes in quadratic gravity
Authors: Nguyen Hoang Ky , Azreg-Aïnou Mustapha
Published: July 2023

The special Buchdahl-inspired metric obtained in a recent paper [Phys. Rev. D 107, 104008 (2023)] describes asymptotically flat spacetimes in pure $$\mathcal {R}^{2}$$

R

2

gravity. The metric depends on a new (Buchdahl) parameter $$\tilde{k}$$

k
~

of higher-derivative characteristic, and recovers the Schwarzschild metric when $$\tilde{k}=0$$

k
~

=
0

. It is shown that the special Buchdahl-inspired metric supports a two-way traversable Morris–Thorne wormhole for $$\tilde{k}\in (-1,0)$$

k
~

∈

(
-
1
,
0
)

in which case the Weak Energy Condition is formally violated, a naked singularity for $$\tilde{k}\in (-\infty ,-1)\cup (0,+\infty )$$

k
~

∈

(
-
∞
,
-
1
)

∪

(
0
,
+
∞
)

, and a non-Schwarzschild structure for $$\tilde{k}=-1$$

k
~

=
-
1

.
Data processing and visualization tool for atomic and molecular data for collisional radiative models
Authors: Cianfrani Francesco , Borodin Dmitry V. , Küppers Bettina
Published: July 2023

The Monte Carlo kinetic code EIRENE (Sect. 2) is used for simulating the behavior of neutral species in the edge of tokamak plasma and coupled with fluid plasma codes for a self-consistent description to be compared with measured experimental conditions. The data and visualization toolbox HYDKIN (Sect. 3) has been developed as a pre-processing tool for validation of those atomic and molecular (A &M) data used in EIRENE simulations, such as cross sections and reaction rates for plasma-neutral and neutral-neutral collisions. The restructuring that is being performed to increase HYDKIN readability and usability is here presented (Sect. 4).

Graphic Abstract
A Comparison of Sets of Recognizable Weighted Tree Languages Over Specific Sets of Bounded Lattices
Authors: Fülöp Zoltán , Vogler Heiko
Published: July 2023

We consider weighted tree automata (wta) over bounded lattices, locally finite bounded lattices, distributive bounded lattices, and finite chains and we consider the weighted tree languages defined by their run semantics and by their initial algebra semantics. Due to these eight combinations, there are eight sets of weighted tree languages. Moreover, we consider the four sets of weighted tree languages which are recognized by crisp-deterministic wta over the above mentioned sets of weight algebras. We give all inclusion relations among all these twelve sets of weighted tree languages. More precisely, we prove that eleven of the twelve sets are equal, and this set is a proper subset of the set of weighted tree languages recognized by wta over bounded lattices with initial algebra semantics.
STOCHASTIC DYNAMICS BETWEEN THE IMMUNE SYSTEM AND CANCER CELLS WITH ALLEE EFFECT AND IMMUNOTHERAPY
Authors: HERNÁNDEZ-LÓPEZ EYMARD , NÚÑEZ-LÓPEZ MAYRA , CAPISTRÁN MARCOS A.
Published: July 2023

In this work, we use continuous-time Markov jump processes and the corresponding zero fluctuation ordinary differential equations to analyze the relation between immune response and cancerous cells. We incorporate the Allee effect into our model to show that intrinsic stochasticity and nonlinearity may interact in elimination, equilibrium, and escape mechanisms in the low-count regime. Later, we consider the effect of immunotherapy through a pulse injection term and the Tau-Leaping algorithm. We show using the model state variables and parameters that the cancer cell population at its threshold level gets into the elimination phase for high antigenicity values.
A Perspective on Lindblad’s Non-Equilibrium Entropy
Authors: Aurell Erik , Kawai Ryoichi
Published: July 2023

In 1983 Göran Lindblad published a monograph on nonequilibrium thermodynamics. We here summarize the contents of this book, and provide a perspective on its relation to later developments in statistical physics and quantum physics. We high-light two aspects. The first is the idea that while all unitaries can be allowed in principle, different theories result from limiting which unitary evolutions are realized in the real world. The second is that Lindblad’s proposal for thermodynamic entropy (as opposed to information-theoretic entropy) foreshadows much more recent investigations into optimal quantum transport which is a current research focus in several fields.
A Ding Ontology of Chinese Bronze
Authors: Wei Tong , Chen Yuqi
Published: July 2023

Ding is a significant type of Chinese bronze that holds key cultural value. Traditional humanists have primarily focused on dating and classifying Ding. However, in the context of Digital Humanities, the research perspective of humanities scholars is gradually shifting towards data-driven research, with linked data emerging as a popular topic. A well-defined and standard ontology representing the complete domain knowledge is essential for linked Ding data. Unfortunately, most existing ontology cannot represent fine-grained knowledge of Ding or is too restrictive to represent partial knowledge of bronze Ding. In this context, we propose a fine-grained Ding ontology to represent the bronze Ding knowledge. In this paper, we present in detail the Ding ontology of Chinese bronze during the Shang and Zhou dynasties (from 1600 BC to 256 BC). We provide a detailed exposition of the Ding ontology and evaluate its effectiveness using OOPS!, OntoMetrics, and by answering competency questions in SPARQL. The building methodology of Ding ontology follows the ISO principles (ISO 1087 and ISO 704). The objective of this paper is to develop an open ontology of Ding during the Shang and Zhou dynasties, which can serve as a valuable resource for bilingual terminology dictionaries. The Ding ontology was published at
http://www.dhontology.com/ChineseCulture/data/bronze.owl
.
A 20-Year-Old Man with IgA Vasculitis following COVID-19 Vaccination
Authors: Alsubaie Abdulaziz , Alshabanat Abdulmajeed , Almizel Abdulrahman , Omair Mohammed , Alodaini Rahaf
Published: July 2023

IgA vasculitis is a common type of vasculitis that is generally triggered by infectious causes. Vaccines have been reported as a trigger as well. Herein, we report a case of a young man who is previously healthy and who developed IgA vasculitis after the first dose of the COVID-19 mRNA vaccine Pfizer-BioNTech. The patient’s symptoms were mainly skin and joint without renal or other system involvement. The patient had an excellent outcome with complete resolution after treatment with steroid tapering and azathioprine as a steroid-sparing agent over 6 months.
Simultaneous Determination and Stability Analysis of Ten New Psychoactive Substances including Synthetic Cathinones, Phenethylamines, and Ketamine Substitutes in Urine Using Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Yang Feng-Shuo , Lee Hei-Hwa , Tseng Li-Ping , Lee Yung-Hung , Lan Yung-Sheng , Lee Yi-Cheng , Chou Yi-Cheng , Lin Yi-Ching
Published: July 2023

Knowing the stability of drugs is important to ensure accurate and reliable results of drug concentrations. This study evaluated the stability of ten new psychoactive substances (NPSs) in urine and methanol/water at different storage temperatures. Quantitative analyses were performed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Three replicates of each storage condition were analyzed at day 0 and after 7, 14-, 30-, 60-, and 90 days with storage at +25°C, +4°C, and −20°C. For each analyte, the percent difference at each time interval from day 0 was calculated for each storage condition. Para-methoxyamphetamine (PMA), para-methoxymethamphetamine (PMMA), deschloroketamine (DCK), and 2-fluorodeschloroketamine (2-FDCK) were stable in urine, even when stored for 90-day periods at various temperatures. For synthetic cathinones, the concentrations declined over time at room temperature (+25°C) in urine but were relatively stable in methanol solvent with 0.1% formic acid. The significant degradation was found at +25°C, and the most excellent stability was shown by samples stored at −20°C. Phenethylamines (PMA and PMMA) and ketamine substitutes (DCK and 2-FDCK) were relatively more stable than synthetic cathinones (mephedrone, butylone, pentylone, ephylone, 4-MEAPP, and eutylone).
Severe Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage due to Monkeypox Virus-Associated Proctocolitis
Authors: Taj Sobaan , Austin Chris , Hussain Azhar , Babar Maryam Salma , Sanekommu Harshavardhan , Imburgio Steven , Johal Anmol , CruzPonce Alejandro , Vedire Apurva , Liu Edward
Published: July 2023

Monkeypox is primarily a painful cutaneous disease with occasional systemic manifestations. Monkeypox is transmitted predominantly through close physical contact and occasionally sexual contact. The first case was reported in the United States on May 17, 2022, in a recent monkeypox worldwide outbreak. We present a case of severe gastrointestinal bleeding as an atypical manifestation of monkeypox infection in a 40-year-old male with HIV. In our case, monkeypox-induced proctocolitis progressed to severe rectal bleeding requiring one unit of packed red blood cells transfusion despite one week of tecovirimat (TPOXX) therapy. So, patients should be educated about the possibility of unusual complications of monkeypox infection, i.e., bleeding in immunocompromised hosts.
Cancer Epidemiology in the Northeastern United States (2013–2017)
Authors: Rees Judy R. , Weiss Julie E. , Gunn Christine M. , Carlos Heather A. , Dragnev Nathalie C. , Supattapone Emma Y. , Tosteson Anna N.A. , Kraft Sally A. , Vahdat Linda T. , Peacock Janet L.
Published: July 2023

We tested the hypotheses that adult cancer incidence and mortality in the Northeast region and in Northern New England (NNE) were different than the rest of the United States, and described other related cancer metrics and risk factor prevalence. Using national, publicly available cancer registry data, we compared cancer incidence and mortality in the Northeast region with the United States and NNE with the United States overall and by race/ethnicity, using age-standardized cancer incidence and rate ratios (RR). Compared with the United States, age-adjusted cancer incidence in adults of all races combined was higher in the Northeast (RR, 1.07; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.07–1.08) and in NNE (RR 1.06; CI 1.05–1.07). However compared with the United States, mortality was lower in the Northeast (RR, 0.98; CI 0.98–0.98) but higher in NNE (RR, 1.05; CI 1.03–1.06). Mortality in NNE was higher than the United States for cancers of the brain (RR, 1.16; CI 1.07–1.26), uterus (RR, 1.32; CI 1.14–1.52), esophagus (RR, 1.36; CI 1.26–1.47), lung (RR, 1.12; CI 1.09–1.15), bladder (RR, 1.23; CI 1.14–1.33), and melanoma (RR, 1.13; CI 1.01–1.27). Significantly higher overall cancer incidence was seen in the Northeast than the United States in all race/ethnicity subgroups except Native American/Alaska Natives (RR, 0.68; CI 0.64–0.72).

In conclusion, NNE has higher cancer incidence and mortality than the United States, a pattern that contrasts with the Northeast region, which has lower cancer mortality overall than the United States despite higher incidence.

Significance:

These findings highlight the need to identify the causes of higher cancer incidence in the Northeast and the excess cancer mortality in NNE.
Lélia Gonzalez: intérprete da formação social do Brasil
Authors: Novo Maria Fernanda
Published: July 2023

O artigo percorre argumentos presentes na obra de Lélia Gonzalez que justificam sua importância na formulação de uma perspectiva original interpretação da formação social do Brasil. Nesse sentido, sugere-se um percurso analítico a partir de diferentes textos da autora que traduzem seus vínculos teóricos e interesses especulativos. Marxismo, teoria social e psicanálise são eixos estruturais do pensamento de Gonzalez, em função dos quais procura-se evidenciar as contribuições dessa intelectual amefricana sobre a formação social do Brasil enquanto um campo aberto de estudos.
Marcuse, Davis e as dimensões estéticas do feminismo
Authors: Kangussu Imaculada
Published: July 2023

A perspectiva feminista de Angela Davis e Herbert Marcuse será aqui apresentada explorando três pontos que se encontram interligados: (1) as características consideradas especificamente femininas, (2) a desigual igualdade sexual na exploração do trabalho e (3) o potencial político radical do feminismo em movimentos de libertação. Para apresentar os dois primeiros pontos, utilizaremos textos de Herbert Marcuse; para o último, recorremos também a Angela Davis. Veremos, na sequência, como os dois teóricos críticos e ativistas mostram com clareza as transformações socioculturais ocorridas quando mulheres recorreram à dimensão estética – música, no nosso estudo de caso – como uma espécie de aliada capaz de fornecer uma trincheira mesmo nos tempos sombrios, como os de agora. Juntas, Davis e Marcuse podem despertar novas esperanças.