bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Desfecho dos casos de tuberculose em pessoas com HIV: subsídios para intervenção
Authors: Magnabosco Gabriela Tavares , Andrade Rubia Laine de Paula , Arakawa Tiemi , Monroe Aline Aparecida , Villa Tereza Cristina Scatena
Published: October 2019

Resumo Objetivo Analisar os aspectos associados ao desfecho dos casos de tuberculose nas pessoas que vivem com HIV. Métodos Estudo transversal, realizado entre 2010 a 2014 em um município de grande porte localizado no interior do estado de São Paulo, o qual é considerado prioritário para o controle da tuberculose. Utilizou-se dados secundários coletados nos sistemas de informação TBWEB, SINAN, SISCEL e SICLOM. Foram utilizadas técnicas de estatística descritiva e Regressão Logística Multinomial, considerando o desfecho (cura, abandono e óbito) como variável dependente e as informações sociodemográficas, clínicas e de acompanhamento clínico/terapêutico como independentes. Resultados Observou-se uma maior chance de ocorrência de desfecho desfavorável do tratamento da tuberculose entre as pessoas que viviam com HIV com menor escolaridade, com histórico de internação e sem o registro do tipo de tratamento realizado. Conclusão Reforça-se a necessidade de integração entre os programas de controle da tuberculose e de HIV/aids, bem como entre esses e os demais serviços das redes de atenção à saúde e rede de apoio social para a oferta de ações e serviços que contemplem as necessidades sociais, econômicas e de saúde, visando o adequado seguimento dos casos de coinfecção TB-HIV e a obtenção de desfechos favoráveis da tuberculose nas pessoas vivendo com HIV.
Recording of tinnitus psychoacoustic measurements: an integrative literature review
Authors: Guijo Laura Mochiatti , Fonseca Angela Renata Sarambelli , Horiuti Mirella Boaglio , Vasconcelos Laura Garcia E. , Cardoso Ana Claudia Vieira , Oiticica Jeanne
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT Purpose: to review both the national and international literature as well as to describe the methods used to collect psychoacoustic measurements in tinnitus patients. Methods: the current integrative review was conducted on articles in specialized national and international journals, in both the Portuguese and English languages, available in the PubMed/Medline, BVS - LILACS and SCIELO databases. The following keywords and descriptors were used: hearing, tinnitus, psychoacoustic measurements, acuphenometry, and assessment, in both the Portuguese and English languages. The retrieved articles were read and selected for the review according to the eligibility criteria, which included the use of psychoacoustic measurements in tinnitus patients and the presence of a detailed methodological description of the protocol employed, in individuals with normal hearing and those with hearing loss. Results: a total of 12 articles, in which psychoacoustic measures were used for the characterization and the measurement of tinnitus in individuals with normal hearing and in those with hearing loss, were reviewed. The main findings were associated with the sample characterization and the way in which the psychoacoustic measures were performed. Conclusion:given the grouping of several protocols for tinnitus evaluation, which were determined following an integrative literature review, a great heterogeneity in the methods used to perform psychoacoustic measurements for tinnitus assessment for both clinical and scientific purposes was noted.
Obesity, Prejudice, Self, and Culture: A Longitudinal Case Study
Authors: Silva Milena Oliveira da , Branco Angela Uchoa
Published: October 2019

Abstract With the increasing number of obese individuals in Brazil, the importance of studies aimed at researching the social and psychological impact of obesity is also increased. This study aimed to trace and analyze the processes of subjective construction of the obesity experience. This is a longitudinal case study with a 29-year-old obese woman submitted to bariatric surgery. The characteristics and power of explicit and implicit messages that operate in specific cultural contexts were investigated, analyzing the construction of meanings of self in the development of the dialogical self. Qualitative data analysis shows important aspects of the dynamics of fatphobia, its power to channel the subjective trajectory of the obese subject and the importance of alterity in the development of self. The study contributes to the advancement of knowledge about the relations between obesity, self, and prejudice, seeking to provide inputs for the performance of psychologists, educators, and health professionals.
Mothers of angels: (re)living the death of the child as a coping strategy
Authors: Soares Larissa Gramazio , Kuchla Élida , Mazza Verônica de Azevedo , Soares Letícia Gramazio , Ferraz Maria Isabel Raimondo , Mattei Aline Padilha
Published: October 2019

Abstract Objective: To describe the experiences lived by mothers facing the death of their children. Method: A qualitative, exploratory and descriptive research conducted in Guarapuava-PR, with six participants of the "Marias" group that brings together mothers who lost their children and share their experiences to spontaneously help other women in the process of mourning. Data collection took place from May to August 2017, through a focus group. The speeches were organized by the Iramuteq® software and analyzed according to Creswell. Results: Age ranged from 28 to 40 years old, and most participants were married and catholic. The categories express the need to strengthen bonds and to create ways in which women can express themselves; the importance of the social network to accommodate mourning; the relevance of ethical and humanized care; and group identity as an element to promote resilience. Conclusion and Implications for practice: Describing the potentialities and weaknesses in the process of loss and grief enables a qualifying and humanizing care, overcoming care gaps, stimulating the creation of creative and dialogical spaces in maternal care. These results may guide the professional approach by considering the sociocultural context and the risk factors experienced by the mothers, by supporting the development of resilient skills and enabling a humanized and individualized care.
The Pan-Cancer Landscape of Coamplification of the Tyrosine Kinases KIT, KDR, and PDGFRA
Authors: Disel Umut , Madison Russell , Abhishek Kumar , Chung Jon H. , Trabucco Sally E. , Matos Asli O. , Frampton Garrett M. , Albacker Lee A. , Reddy Venkataprasanth , Karadurmus Nuri , Benson Adam , Webster Jennifer , Paydas Semra , Cabanillas Ruben , Nangia Chaitali , Ozturk M.A. , Millis Sherri Z. , Pal Sumanta K. , Wilky Breelyn , Sokol Ethan S. , Gay Laurie M. , Soman Salil , Ganesan Shridar , Janeway Katherine , Stephens Phil J. , Zhu Viola W. , Ou Sai-Hong Ignatius , Lovly Christine M. , Gounder Mrinal , Schrock Alexa B. , Ross Jeffrey S. , Miller Vincent A. , Klempner Samuel J. , Ali Siraj M.
Published: October 2019

Purpose

Amplifications of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKS) are therapeutic targets in multiple tumor types (e.g. HER2 in breast cancer), and amplification of the chromosome 4 segment harboring the three RTKs KIT, PDGFRA, and KDR (4q12amp) may be similarly targetable. The presence of 4q12amp has been sporadically reported in small tumor specific series but a large-scale analysis is lacking. We assess the pan-cancer landscape of 4q12amp and provide early clinical support for the feasibility of targeting this amplicon.

Experimental Design

Tumor specimens from 132,872 patients with advanced cancer were assayed with hybrid capture based comprehensive genomic profiling which assays 186–315 genes for all classes of genomic alterations, including amplifications. Baseline demographic data were abstracted, and presence of 4q12amp was defined as 6 or more copies of KIT/KDR/PDGFRA. Concurrent alterations and treatment outcomes with matched therapies were explored in a subset of cases.

Results

Overall 0.65% of cases harbored 4q12amp at a median copy number of 10 (range 6–344). Among cancers with >100 cases in this series, glioblastomas, angiosarcomas, and osteosarcomas were enriched for 4q12amp at 4.7%, 4.8%, and 6.4%, respectively (all p < 0.001), giving an overall sarcoma (n = 6,885) incidence of 1.9%. Among 99 pulmonary adenocarcinoma cases harboring 4q12amp, 50 (50%) lacked any other known driver of NSLCC. Four index cases plus a previously reported case on treatment with empirical TKIs monotherapy had stable disease on average exceeding 20 months.

Conclusion

We define 4q12amp as a significant event across the pan-cancer landscape, comparable to known pan-cancer targets such as NTRK and microsatellite instability, with notable enrichment in several cancers such as osteosarcoma where standard treatment is limited. The responses to available TKIs observed in index cases strongly suggest 4q12amp is a druggable oncogenic target across cancers that warrants a focused drug development strategy.
Urine Drug Testing in Cancer Pain Management
Authors: Arthur Joseph A.
Published: October 2019

Urine drug test (UDT) is an effective tool used in chronic opioid therapy to ensure patient adherence to treatment and detect nonmedical opioid use. The two main types of UDT used in routine clinical practice are the screening tests or immunoassays and the confirmatory tests or laboratory-based specific drug identification tests such as gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry, or tandem mass spectrometry. UDT produces objective data on some nonmedical opioid use that may otherwise go undetected, such as the use of undisclosed medications, the nonuse of prescribed medications, and the use of illegal drugs. It allows clinicians to initiate an open and effective conversation about nonmedical opioid use with their patients. However, the test has certain limitations that sometimes compromise its use. Its interpretation can be challenging to clinicians because of the complexity of the opioid metabolic pathways. Clear guidelines or recommendations regarding the use of UDT in cancer pain is limited. As a result, UDT appears to be underused among patients with cancer pain receiving opioid therapy. More studies are needed to help standardize the integration and use of UDT in routine cancer pain management.
The development of composite bridges with corrugated steel webs in China
Authors: He Jun , Wang Sihao , Liu Yuqing , Dai Liang , Lyu Zhan , Li Chuanxi , Xin Haohui , Tan Chao
Published: October 2019

The prestressed concrete girder with corrugated steel webs is one of the most promising steel–concrete hybrid structures applied to highway and railway bridges, owing to its excellent mechanical properties and efficient material utilisation. Composite bridges with corrugated steel webs (CBCSWs) have undergone rapid development in China since 2005, resulting in remarkable technical progress in many aspects. A state-of-the-art review of CBCSWs in China is presented. Based on data collected for over 90 CBCSWs built in China during the years 2005–2018, characteristics relating to bridge span, structural type and construction methods are comprehensively analysed. Some mechanical issues regarding the design and construction of typical CBCSWs are elaborated to understand fully their structural performance and promote their development. Furthermore, a few representative CBCSWs are expounded in relation to their innovative structural design and construction techniques; their respective characteristics are highlighted. Finally, several conclusions are drawn and future research directions are predicted: the CBCSW is a competitive bridge solution when 80–200 m main spans are required; advanced materials, innovative structure types and advanced construction methods making good use of corrugated steel web are the source of its development. The experiences in this study can serve as a useful base for constructing more excellent and impressive CBCSWs.
Scarred Consumption
Authors: Malmendier Ulrike , Shen Leslie Sheng
Published: October 2019

We show that prior lifetime experiences can "scar" consumers. Consumers who have lived through times of high unemployment exhibit persistent pessimism about their future financial situation and spend significantly less, controlling for the standard life-cycle consumption factors, even though their actual future income is uncorrelated with past experiences. Due to their experience-induced frugality, scarred consumers build up more wealth. We use a stochastic lifecycle model to show that the negative relationship between past experiences and consumption cannot be generated by financial constraints, income scarring, and unemployment scarring, but is consistent with experience-based learning.
Molecular Structure, FT-IR, NMR (13C/1H), UV-Vis Spectroscopy and DFT Calculations on (2Z, 5Z)-3-N(4-Methoxy phenyl)-2-N'(4-methoxy phenyl imino)-5-((E)-3-(2-nitrophenyl)allylidene) thiazolidin-4-one
Authors: Rahmani Rachida , Djafri Ahmed , Chouaih Abdelkader , Djafri Ayada , Hamzaoui Fodil , Krallafa Abdelghani M.
Published: October 2019

In this study, some molecular properties of (2Z, 5Z)-3-N(4-methoxy phenyl)-2-N'(4-methoxy phenyl imino)-5-((E)-3-(2-nitro-phenyl) allylidene) thiazolidin-4-one (MNTZ) are evaluated using a combination of spectroscopic characterization (FT-IR, 1H and 13C NMR chemical shifts) and theoretical calculations. Molecular geometry, vibrational wavenumbers, gauge-independent atomic orbital (GIAO), 1H and 13C chemical shift values and NBO analysis are investigated using B3LYP and PBE functionals with the 6-31G(d,p) basis set in the ground state. The calculated geometrical parameters and vibrational spectra are compared to available experimental data and each vibrational frequency is assigned on the basis of potential energy distribution (PED). The electronic transitions are calculated using time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT). The energy band gap between the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energies are obtained by computing the frontier molecular orbitals using the B3LYP/6-31G(d,p) and PBE/6-31G(d,p) levels along with the global reactivity descriptors. Mulliken atomic charges and molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) are simulated using both functionals to find more reactive sites for electrophilic and nucleophilic attack. Finally, the thermodynamic functions (heat capacity, entropy, and enthalpy) from spectroscopic data are obtained and discussed in the range of 100-1000 K. Keywords: FT-IR, UV-Vis, HOMO-LUMO, thiazolidinones, DFT, NMR spectra, NBO.
Workplace-based Rehabilitation for Upper Limb Conditions in the South African context
Authors: Hoosain Munira , de Klerk Susan , Burger Marlette
Published: October 2019

Workplace-based rehabilitation is a growing field of practice internationally and locally. This commentary discusses the current barriers and facilitators facing South African occupational therapists wanting to implement workplace-based rehabilitation with upper limb conditions. An overview is provided of current international practice in the field and relevant factors in the South African context. Recommendations are made for development in this field in clinical practice, research and education in South Africa. Key words: Workplace-based rehabilitation, occupational health, upper limb, workplace health, disability
Optimal Stabilization Problem for the Quasilinear System with Controllable Parameters
Authors: Onegin E. E.
Published: October 2019

The main concern of this paper is the problem of optimal stabilization of a quasilinear stochastic system with controllable parameters. Systems of this type are described by linear stochastic differential equations with multiplicative noises whose matrices, in general case, are nonlinear functions of control. The performance criterion is a modification of the classic quadratic performance cost. The goal is to minimize the criterion on the set of admissible control processes. This formulation of the problem is interesting because it allows us to study a wide range of optimization problems of linear systems with multiplicative perturbations, including: optimization of design parameters of the system, the problem of optimal stabilization under constraints on the gain matrix of the linear regulator in the form of inequalities, the problem of optimal stabilization of linear stochastic systems under information constraints. The main result of this paper is the necessary conditions for the optimal vector in the problem of stabilization of a quasilinear stochastic system with controllable parameters.The numerical gradient-type procedure for synthesis of the optimal stabilizing vector is also proposed. In addition, using obtained results we construct the algorithm for synthesis of a suboptimal time-dependent control. The result of the proposed algorithm is piecewise constant control, which gives the value of the criterion is guaranteed not worse than for the optimal stabilizing vector. This algorithm is relatively simple and one may use it for calculations in real time. The obtained results are applied to the problem of optimal stabilization under information constraints, in which the necessary optimality conditions are also obtained and the gradient-type procedure for the synthesis of the optimal control is proposed. The use of the obtained results is demonstrated by a model example.
Development of Modeling Algorithm of the Characteristics of the Steels in the Subsystem of Management of the Production Resources of Steel Production
Authors: Kochkovskaya S. S.
Published: October 2019

The article is devoted to the development of an algorithm for modeling the characteristics of steels in accordance with customer requirements. A mathematical model is presented that takes into account the optimal levels of the main factors and their interaction, providing the required values of the characteristics. The next step in the study of the mathematical model was modeling by means of functional modeling methodology IDEF0. Input and output data, as well as normative documents of model management and mechanisms of this management for building a functional model are defined. The control mechanism was the software product OptimalSostav, developed using the object-oriented programming language Delphi. The software product is designed to simulate the characteristics of steels using the specified limits of permissible minimum and maximum values of mechanical properties. The algorithm of realization of the control mechanism, which is based on the fractional factor analysis, is described. The presented algorithm allows to identify the influence of chemical composition on the mechanical properties of steels in the form of mathematical and graphical dependencies and to determine the specified mechanical properties that meet the requirements of the customer. The main possibilities and the scope of the software product, which allows to solve the problem of predicting the optimal chemical composition, providing the required mechanical characteristics, as well as to adjust the process of steel melting within a given chemical composition to achieve the desired set of properties. The application of the software product on the example of the analysis of the influence of chemical elements on the mechanical properties of 75HMF roll steel is shown. The results of modeling in the form of mathematical and graphic dependences are given and the estimation of efficiency of application of the software product is given. The results of solving the problem of approximation of the obtained graphic dependences of the influence of chemical elements on the mechanical properties of the studied steel grade by means of Microsoft Excel are presented. It is established that the developed mathematical and algorithmic software of the software product allows to study the percentage of chemical elements in relation to the total composition of the alloy, based on the obtained pie charts and dependency graphs. The adequacy of the model is confirmed by experimental results.
To the question of the origin of the cultural assortment of Dagestan apricots through assessing the variability of leaf morphological characteristics
Authors: Anatov D. M. , Аsadulaev Z. M. , Osmanov R. M. , Akhmedova K. I.
Published: October 2019

Aim. The paper presents the results of assessment of the indigenous nature and  degree of similarity of apricot cultivars growing in the collection of the Mountain  Botanical Garden, Gunib, Dagestan, Russia based on a comparative analysis of the  variability of leaf morphological characteristics.   

Material and Methods. The material assessed consisted of 33 apricot cultivars of  various ecological and geographical origins aggregated in the following groups: (a)  Dagestan – traditional cultivars; (b) Moscow ‐ selection from the Tsytsin Main Moscow Botanical Garden, Russian Academy of Sciences based on wild forms of Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan; (c) European and (d) Asian ‐ from Central Asia, Tajikistan, China  and Altai.   

Results. The closeness of Dagestan and European varieties in comparison with Asian  and Moscow varieties was shown. Most Dagestan (16 of 19) and European varieties  have round‐shaped leaves (leaf shape index 80‐ 100%), while those from Asia and  the Moscow Botanical Garden have leaves which are elongated elliptical and oval  (60‐80%). Using the method of principal component analysis (PCA), it was established that most cultivars of Dagestan origin have similar leaf shapes and sizes, of  which Tlama kurak (wide‐round), Hekobarsh (elongated) were distinguished by leaf  shape and Esdelik by leaf size.   

Conclusion. Based on a discriminant analysis (Squared Mahalanobis Distances), it  was found that the indices of indicators of leaf attributes (width/length of leaf lamina; petiole length/length of lamina; apex angle/corner of leaf base) are more reliable criteria for differentiating apricot varieties into ecological and geographical  groups than their morphological characteristics.
The natural, historical and cultural heritage of the Dido basin and its mountain setting and its potential for the development of tourism and recreation
Authors: Ataev Z. V. , Gadzhibekov M. I. , Abdulaev K. A. , Radzhabova R. T.
Published: October 2019

Aim. The article considers the potential of the natural, cultural and historical features of the territory of the Dido (Shaurinsky District) basin with its dramatic mountainous setting for the further development of tourism and recreation in regions of  the highlands of the East Caucasus.   

Materials and Methods. In carrying out our study data obtained from field research,  including a comprehensive environmental survey of the territory, were used. Field  research  included  on‐site  expeditions,  profiling,  descriptive,  identification  of  key  areas, mapping, photography. Historical sources, as well as stock imagery and existing cartographic material, were consulted.   

Results. The territory’s natural features and historical and cultural heritage were  examined in terms of their attractiveness for tourist visits and an option of creating a  recreational zone with tourist centres was articulated among other proposals for  tourism and recreational development.   

Conclusion. The Dido basin with its high biological and landscape diversity and distinctive cultural and historical heritage presents significant potential for the development of various types of tourism and an associated local hospitality industry.
Modern application and prospects of the stable isotopes method for studying avian influenza A virus transmission in migratory birds
Authors: Druzyaka O. R. , Druzyaka A. V. , Gulyaeva M. A. , Huettmann F. , Shestopalov A. M.
Published: October 2019

Aim. The circulation and transmission of pathogens is a global biological phenomenon that is closely associated with bird migration. This analysis was carried out with  the aim of understanding and assessing the prospects of using the stable isotope  method to study the circulation and transmission of the avian influenza A virus via  migratory birds. 

Discussion. Insufficient data on the distances of migration of infected birds and their  interpopulational relationships leaves open the question of the transmission of highly pathogenic influenza viruses (HSV) in the wild bird population. A deeper study of  the role of migrations in the spread of HSV may possibly allow the more effective  investigation of the transmission of the viral pathogen between individuals at migration stopover sites and the clarification of global migration routes. New methodological approaches are providing a more complete picture of the geography and phenology of migrations, as well as of the consequences of migratory behavior for species biology. The study of the quantitative component of migratory flows based on  the analysis of the content of stable isotopes (SIMS) in bird tissues seems very promising. This method is being applied to the solution of various environmental issues,  including the study of animal migrations.   

Conclusion. Based on data from the scientific literature, it is shown that SIMS is  promising for the clarification of bird migration routes and the quantification of their  intensity. The resolving power of the method is sufficient to determine the migration  pathways of carriers of viral pathogens on the scale of zoogeographic subdomains  and in even further detail. However, to date, there have been few such studies: in  Russia they have not been conducted at all. The increased use of the SIMS methodology may possibly reveal new ways in which viral infections are spread via birds.
CONFIGURATIONS OF ENTREPRENEURIAL, TECHNOLOGICAL, AND MARKET ORIENTATIONS AND NEW VENTURES PERFORMANCE
Authors: Kwiotkowska Anna , Gębczyńska Magdalena
Published: October 2019

Purpose: Based on the configuration approach, the paper examined the common impact of selected strategic orientations, namely entrepreneurial, technological, and market orientations on the performance of new business ventures. Methodology: This study employs a configurational approach, using fuzzy set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fs/QCA), to analyze the constellations of different strategic orientations that yield superior performance. Result: The results suggest that the performance of a new venture depends on configurations, where firms with high levels of entrepreneurial, technological, and market orientations perform better than firms with other configurations. However, there are other configurations of strategic orientations that also, though to a lesser extent, improve the performance of the entities under study. Conducted research provides a detailed understanding of which different configurations improve the performance of new ventures and which configurations are more effective. Applications: This research can be used for universities, teachers, and students. Dai, O., & Liu, X. (2009). Novelty/Originality: In this research, the model of configurations of entrepreneurial, technological, and market orientations and new ventures performance is presented in a comprehensive and complete manner.
Antiquity revisited: Challenges and opportunities in the creation of the new Greek history curriculum
Authors: Kasvikis Kostas , Kouseri Georgia
Published: October 2019

This paper presents and discusses the rationale behind the curriculum covering ancient Greek history, a topic that is taught twice during the course of Greek compulsory education (covering 6–15 year olds). The undertaking to develop a new history curriculum set the framework for
a reconsideration of themes and approaches to the teaching of antiquity, based on changes to the scope, aims, teaching topics, methodological approaches and assessments introduced. The approved new history curriculum attempts to elevate the status of prehistory relative to other historical
periods, so as to strike a balance between local, national and global history, highlighting the common origin and evolution of modern humans. It introduces archaeology, material culture and museums as structural tools for research into and understanding of antiquity by students. It also focuses
on social and cultural history, and reassesses dominant historiographical views of the ancient world. Additionally, a methodological framework that encourages students to create their own accounts and interpretations of the ancient past is recommended, by proposing activities that support
historical enquiry and the development of key historical concepts.
History teaching in Finnish general upper secondary schools: Objectives and practices
Authors: Rautiainen Matti , Räikkönen Eija , Veijola Anna , Mikkonen Simo
Published: October 2019

In Finland, the trend towards a new kind of history teaching emphasizing the understanding of historical knowledge and historical thinking skills began in the mid-1990s, when history teaching objectives were defined much more broadly in the curriculum than previously. In this article,
we examine how, in over twenty years since the changes in curriculum objectives were made, general upper secondary school teachers have come to value the curriculum objectives of history teaching and how these have impacted on their teaching. The data for this article were collected by a semi-structured
survey in 2016. Using counts, percentages, means, standard deviations and medians, a descriptive exploration was made of history teachers' perceptions of the essential objectives in teaching history and how often they were put into practice in related student activities. To investigate the
balance between the objectives the teachers emphasized as the most essential and the teaching methods they actually used, we applied the Kruskal–Wallis test and the Friedman test. According to the results, what the teachers considered essential for teaching history did not correlate
with their teaching methods. In addition, according to the results, this state of affairs is still undergoing change; old traditions and new objectives of history teaching are creating tensions. The results were interpreted in the light of the cultural viewpoints of Finnish teaching, the position
of matriculation examinations in Finnish general upper secondary schools and the challenges the curriculum is setting for history teachers.
Indian Sine Table of 36 Entries
Authors: Yano Michio
Published: October 2019

Trigonometry is an indispensable tool of Indian mathematical astronomy. The concept of  trigonometry originated in Greece and it was transmitted to India together with astronomy.
El plan nacional de desarrollo 2018-2022: “Pacto por Colombia, pacto por la equidad”
Authors: Vallejo Zamudio Luis E.
Published: October 2019

El presidente de la República, Iván Duque Márquez, sancionó el plan de desarrollo “Pacto por Colombia, pacto por la equidad”, establecido por medio de la Ley 1955 del 25 de mayo de 2019. Dicho plan, que se ejecutará en el cuatrienio 2018–2022, se convierte en la hoja de ruta de la política pública y las inversiones durante su período presidencial.
Retratos del territorio: Perspectivas contemporáneas en historia de la cartografía y cartografía histórica
Authors: Geográfica Perspectiva
Published: October 2019

Los estudios en historia de la cartografía —es decir, el análisis de los procesos creativos y del papel jugado por los mapas en la historia del mundo—, así como la cartografía histórica —o sea, la elaboración y utilización de mapas como herramienta adaptada al análisis histórico—, se han renovado, ampliado y consolidado significativamente en las últimas décadas, tanto en Colombia como en el ámbito internacional. Con abordajes diversos, estas tendencias han permitido repensar los procesos de construcción del espacio y revisar las historias territoriales establecidas en diferentes escalas, al mismo tiempo que han propiciado una resignificación y revalorización del patrimonio cartográfico, abriendo, de esta forma, nuevas perspectivas, caminos de investigación y posibilidades fecundas de entrecruzamientos entre la historia y la geografía.
Levamisole in treatment of urethane-induced pulmonary carcinoma in rats
Authors: Luiz Costa e Silva André , Medeiros Soares Celani Livia , Medeiros Azevedo Italo , Cunha Medeiros Aldo
Published: October 2019

Objective: The potential antitumor effects of the levamisole immunomodulatory agent remain uncertain, and its beneficial effects with increased survival in the adjuvant treatment of malignant tumors are controversial. The present study aims to compare the effects of levamisole with cisplatin in the treatment of urethane-induced lung carcinoma in rats. Methods: Wistar rats were allocated into three groups (n = six each). Group A: mice with lung tumor + treatment with levamisole. Group B: mice with lung tumor + cisplatin treatment. Group C: mice with lung tumor + saline treatment. After 12 weeks of the tumor induction process, the results were validated by ex vivo fluorescence imaging, determining the mean fluorescent intensity in the animal’s lungs. Serum dosages of cytokines and alkaline phosphatase were performed. Results: Mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) in the lungs (ex vivo) was measured in all animals subjected to urethane effects. In levamisole-treated, the intensity (245 +/- 15) was lower than in cisplatin-treated (277 +/- 28), but the difference was not statistically significant (p<0.05). In those treated with saline, the MFI was 680 +/- 57, significantly higher than in the other groups (p<0.05). Dosages of TNF-α (pg/ml), IL-Iβ (pg/ml), IL-6 (pg/ml) and alkaline phosphatase (mg/dl) were significantly lower in levamisole-treated rats than in rats with cisplatin and saline (p<0.005). Conclusion: In conclusion, this study demonstrates the positive influence of levamisole in treatment of urethane-induced lung tumors in rats.
MTT FORMAZAN REPLACED WST-8 AS A BETTER SIMPLE SCREENING METHOD FOR DETECTION OF GLUCOSE-6-PHOSPHATE DEHYDROGENASE DEFICIENCY
Authors: Tantular Indah
Published: October 2019

We have previously developed the WST-8 method as a simple and rapid screening test for detection of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency accomplished by the naked eye. However, it was little difficult to distinguish between faint orange colors developed by heterozygous females and pink colors of normal hemolyzed blood, since both have similar tones. To solve this problem, we established a new and simple screening method that utilizes another formazan substrate, MTT (3-(4,5-dimethyl-2- thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H tetrazolium bromide) in combination with a hydrogen carrier, 1-methoxy phenazine methosulfate. MTT formazan exhibits a purple color, thus allowing for the ability to easily distinguish the pink colors of hemolyzed blood. However, MTT has been reported to react with hemoglobin non-specifically and to interfere with the interpretation of the color reaction. In our examinations by mixing MTT with hemolyzed blood, we found that the non-specific reaction was very slow, and that the addition of a small amount of blood (5~10 μl) into a reaction mixture (800 μl) did not interfere with the reaction of G6PD activity. In this new MTT method, a strong purple color was generated in normal blood samples at 20~30 min after incubation, which could be distinguished by the naked eye from G6PD-deficient blood samples with less than 50% residual activity. In addition, quantitative measurement using a spectrophotometer was also possible despite the fact that MTT formazan is water-insoluble.
DETECTION OF HELICOBACTER PYLORI INFECTION IN CHRONIC GASTRITIS BIOPSY SPECIMEN USING WARTHIN-STARRY AND MODIFIED GIEMSA STAIN IN DR SOETOMO HOSPITAL SURABAYA
Authors: Sandhika Willy
Published: October 2019

Helicobacter pylori is a bacteria that commonly cause chronic gastritis. Identification of its infection is essential for eradication treatment. Detection of H.pylori bacteria in gastric biopsy specimen by histology method is a diagnostic tool that widely accepted because it is superior to serology examination. Although the bacteria can be seen in routinely Hematoxylin-Eosin staining, Modified Giemsa and Whartin Starry stain was commonly used to see the bacteria more clearly. Whartin Starry stain gives more contrast to the bacteria but modified Giemsa stain is preferable at many centres because it is a cheaper and simpler method. This study want to find out whether there is difference result in detection of H.pylori using these two stains. Material and methods. Paraffin blocks from gastric biopsy patients with chronic gastritis were retrieved from Anatomic Pathology Laboratory Dr.Soetomo Hospital Surabaya in the year 2017. Thirty paraffin blocks were taken randomly and were made into microscopic slides for staining with Warthin-starry and modified Giemsa stain concomitantly. Results. Specimen with Whartin starry stain show 19 out of 30 were positive for H.pylori while modified-Giemsa stain found 16 out of 30 specimen were positive for H.pylori. Whartin Starry stain use silver reagent to coat the bacteria so it become more clearly visible. Conclusion. Detection of H.pylori Warthin-starry stain give more chance to obtain positive result because it use silver technique that coat the bacteria making it is more clearly visible in microscopic examination.
Exclusive Breastfeeding: Dream to Achieve, Hurdles to Overcome
Authors: Nair Nisha
Published: October 2019

The pattern of infant feeding during the first six months has a significant influence on the infant’s health outcomes. Unfortunately, many mothers find it difficult to satisfy their goal of exclusive breastfeeding, despite a higher rate in the initiation of breastfeeding. This narrative review aims to explore the literature for barriers linked with exclusive breastfeeding. Using appropriate search terms, the scholarly database was searched for relevant articles that met the review objective. The preponderance of current evidence strongly suggests that exclusivity in breastfeeding is possible by taking steps to reduce the barriers faced by the mothers. This article will provide an overview for nurses who care for women during the intrapartum and postpartum period to understand the obstacles and to promote breastfeeding self-efficacy and exclusiveness.
Quitina e quitosana: Características, utilizações e perspectivas atuais de produção
Authors: Dias Kleydiane Braga , Da Silva Diego Pereira , Ferreira Layane Alves , Fidelis Rodrigo Ribeiro , Costa Jefferson da Luz , Silva André Luís Lopes da
Published: October 2019

Quitina e quitosana são polissacarídeos encontrados na natureza, insolúveis em água e solventes orgânicos, pertencentes aos biomateriais. São encontrados em diversas fontes como algas, fungos e exoesqueleto de artrópodes. Os primeiros relatos a serem descritos a respeito de quitina foram em 1811 e sobre quitosana em 1859 e na atualidade são bastante importantes em virtude de sua ampla gama de aplicações, entre elas área de cosméticos, meio ambiente, alimentícia, farmacêutica, odontológica e médica. Os países que encabeçam o ranking dos maiores investimentos em pesquisas e produçãorelacionadas à quitina e quitosana são: Japão, seguido dos Estados Unidos, juntos são os maiores pesquisadores, produtores e consumidores destes polímeros. Características importantes destes polissacarídeos reforçam a necessidade de mais pesquisas voltadas para sua utilização, como biodegradabilidade, biocompatibilidade e baixa toxicidade. Assim, cada vez mais se deve investir em pesquisas com quitina e quitosana com o intuito de propiciar melhor qualidade de vida utilizando materiais naturais e sem agressão ao meio ambiente.
Sacarose e sorbitol na conservação in vitro de Pfaffia tuberosa (Spreng.) Hicken (Amaranthaceae)
Authors: Flores Rejane , Uliana Suzi Cerezer , Pimentel Nathalia , Garlet Tanea Maria Bisognin
Published: October 2019

Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito da sacarose e do sorbitol na conservação in vitro de Pfaffia tuberosa(Spreng.) Hicken. Para isso, segmentos nodais provenientes de plantas cultivadas in vitro foram inoculados em meio de cultura suplementado com concentrações (0, 20 e 30 g L-1) de sacarose em combinação com concentrações (10, 20 e 40 g L-1) de sorbitol, mais um tratamento controle (30 g L-1de sacarose). Os resultados mostraram a viabilidade de manter plantas de P. tuberosa, por um período de 120 dias, sob condições de crescimento reduzido, em meio acrescido de 10 g L-1 de sorbitol, na ausência de sacarose. .
The Reeler Mouse: A Translational Model of Human Neurological Conditions or Simply a Good Tool for Better Understanding Neurodevelopment?
Authors: Lossi Laura , Castagna Claudia , Granato Alberto , Merighi Adalberto
Published: October 2019

The Reeler mutation was described in mouse more than fifty year ago. Later, its causative gene (reln) was discovered in mouse, and its human orthologue (RELN) was demonstrated to be causative of lissencephaly 2 (LIS2) and about 20% of the cases of autosomal-dominant lateral temporal epilepsy (ADLTE). In both human and mice the gene encodes for a glycoprotein referred to as Reelin (Reln) that plays a primary role in neuronal migration during development and synaptic stabilization in adulthood. Besides LIS2 and ADLTE, RELN and/or other genes coding for the proteins of the Reln intracellular cascade have been associated more or less substantially to other conditions such as spinocerebellar ataxia type 7 and 37, VLDLR-associated cerebellar hypoplasia, PAFAH1B1-associated lissencephaly, autism and schizophrenia. According to their modalities of inheritances and with substantial differences among each other, these neuropsychiatric disorders can be modeled in the homozygous (reln-/-) or heterozygous (reln+/-) mouse. The usefulness of these mice as translational models is discussed, with focus on their construct and face validity. The latter is mainly treated directing the attention to the histological, neurochemical and functional observations in the cerebral cortex, hippocampus and cerebellum of Reeler mice and their human counterparts.
Sequence and Structure Properties Uncover the Natural Classification of Protein Complexes Formed by Intrinsically Disordered Proteins via Mutual Synergistic Folding
Authors: Mészáros Bálint , Dobson László , Fichó Erzsébet , Simon István
Published: October 2019

Intrinsically disordered proteins mediate crucial biological functions through their interactions with other proteins. Mutual synergistic folding (MSF) occurs when all interacting proteins are disordered, folding into a stable structure in the course of the complex formation. In these cases, the folding and binding processes occur in parallel, lending the resulting structures uniquely heterogeneous features. Currently there are no dedicated classification approaches that would take into account the particular biological and biophysical properties of MSF complexes. Here we present a scalable clustering-based classification scheme, built on redundancy-filtered features that describe the sequence and structure properties of the complexes, and the role of the interaction, which is directly responsible for structure formation. Using this approach, we define six major types of MSF complexes, corresponding to biologically meaningful groups. Hence, the presented method also shows that differences in binding strength, subcellular localization, and regulation are encoded in the sequence and structural properties of proteins. While current structure classification methods can also handle complex structures, we show that the developed scheme is fundamentally different, and since it takes into account defining features of MSF complexes, it serves as a better representation of structures arising through this specific interaction mode.
THE EFFECT OF EMPOWERMENT, EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT AND ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT TOWARDS PERFORMANCE OF GOVERNMENTAL-EMPLOYEES OF FINANCIAL-MANAGEMENT
Authors: Merry Liz Zeny , Syarief Faroman
Published: October 2019

The objectives of this research is to study the influence of empowerment, employee engagement, and organizational commitment on performance of the financial management staffs at Riau Islands Provincial Government. Quantitative approach used in this research with survey method. The samples of this research were 230 staffs selected randomly. The data were obtained by distributing questionnaire and analyzed by using path analysis. The results of research shows that: (1) empowerment, employee engagement and organizational commitment had a positive direct effect on employee performance; (2) empowerment and employee engagement had a positive direct effect on organizational commitment; (3) empowerment have a positive direct effect on employee engagement. The research findings recommend to improve employee performance by improving empowerment, employee engagement and organizational commitment of the financial management staff at Riau Island Provincial GovernmentKeywords: empowerment, employee engagement, organizational commitment, and performanceRealizing
THE IMPACT OF VISIONARY LEADERSHIP, LEARNING ORGANIZATION AND INNOVATIVE BEHAVIOR TO PERFORMANCE OF CUSTOMS AND EXCISE FUNCTIONAL
Authors: Anshar Muhammad
Published: October 2019

This research aims to determine the impact of visionary leadership, learning organization, and innovative behavior on the performance of Functional Officers of Customs and Excise Inspectors at Tanjung Priok Customs and Excise Main Service Office. The research was conducted at Tanjung Priok Customs and Excise Service Office using the number of samples of 78 Functional Officers of Customs and Excise Inspectors. The sample was selected using simple random sampling technique. Data collection was done by using questionnaire and data analysis using path analysis. The results showed that 1) visionary leadership, learning organization and innovative behavior have a direct and positive impact on performance, 2) visionary leadership, and learning organization have a direct and positive impact on innovative behavior and 3) visionary leadership have a direct and positive impact on learning organization. The conclusion of this research is to improve the performance of Functional Officer of Customs and Excise Inspectors at TanjungPriok Customs and Excise Main Service Office, it is necessary to increase the aspect of visionary leadership from Head of Main Service Office, learning organization at Main Service Office and innovative behavior at Functional Officers of Customs and Excise Inspectors.

Keywords : visionary leadership, learning organization, innovative behavior, and Performance.
STRATEGY OF PROMOTING LIBRARIANâ€™S PERFORMANCE IN CREATING USERâ€™S SATISFACTION IN NATIONAL LIBRARY OF INDONESIA
Authors: Masykuri Ahmad
Published: October 2019

The objective of this research is to determine the influence of the corporate culture, employee empowerment,  librarianship training and work ethics towards employee performance (case study in National Library of Indonesia) Jl. Salemba Raya 28 A Jakarta, UPT Bung Karno Library in Blitar, and UPT Bung Hatta Library in Bukit Tinggi. The research approach is using quantitave method with path analysis. Sampling techniques is simple random sampling with a representative sample of 124 librarians. The data was collected through a Likert type structured questionaire toward variables. The next step is to test the validity by using the Pearson Product Moment test analysis and Realibility test by using Cronbach Alpha test and then the data was analyzed as requirement of statistic test; normality test error with Lilliefors, homogenity test and tests of significance and linearity of regression coefficients. The result such as: 1. Corporate culture, employee empowerment, librarianship training and work ethic has direct positive and significant effects towards performance. 2. Corporate culture and employee empowerment has direct positive and significant effects towards work ethic. 3. Employee empowerment has direct positive effects, but not significant to work ethics. Research implication showed the important of policy and chief regulatory about strengthen corporate culture, librarian empowerment equality and enhancement librarianship training.

Keywords: Performance, Corporate culture, employee empowerment, librarianship training, work ethic