bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Monetary Policy Transmission Mechanism In Indonesia: a Comparative Analysis
Authors: Elisa Elisa , Subardin Muhammad , Andaiyani Sri
Published: January 2024

This study analyses a comparison of the role monetary policy transmission mechanism between the interest rate channel and the exchange rate channel in Indonesia for the 2011-2020 period. The type of data is quantitative with secondary data sources, namely the Central Bureau of Statistics and Bank Indonesia. The analytical method used is the Error Correction Model (ECM). The results show that the exchange rate channel is more effective than the interest rate channel because all variables in the exchange rate channel, both in the short and long term, have a significant effect. Exchange rate and inflation variables can give a positive response to economic growth, while net exports and real interest rates give a negative response. The contribution made by the exchange rate channel is 99 percent in the short term and 72.83 percent in the long term. Meanwhile, on the interest rate channel both in the short and long term, the variable deposit rates, real interest rates, inflation, and lending rates have a significant effect on giving a negative response to economic growth. However, loan interest rates are not significant in the short term. Meanwhile, loan interest rates provide a positive response in the long term. The contribution made by the interest rate channel is 65.07 percent in the short term and 86.38 percent in the long term.
Does Soybean in Indonesia Still Competitive?: A Policy Analysis Matrix Approach
Authors: Kahar Febrian Ananta , Fadah Isti , Wahyudi Edy , Wardhono Adhitya
Published: January 2024

The low productivity of soybeans in Indonesia is one of the reasons why domestic production cannot meet market demand. In addition to suboptimal and contradictory government policies, they contribute to domestic soybean competitiveness against imported soybeans. The purpose of this study is to analyze the economic and financial profitability of farming, analyze the competitiveness status of soybeans, analyze the impact of government policies on soybean competitiveness, and analyze the sensitivity of domestic soybean competitiveness. This study applies the Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM). The results of this analysis are used to observe two basic indicators to measure competitiveness and assess the role of government policies. This research uses a case study of soybean farmers in the Jember Regency area. The analysis results show that the soybean farming business in Jember Regency is capable of generating economic profits. Soybean farming in Jember is capable of producing comparative and competitive advantages. Furthermore, the policy analysis reveals that the impact of the soybean policy on farming in the region is not yet optimal. Therefore, new governance policies are needed. Parameter analysis in the PAM analysis indicates that price and productivity variables have a potential role in increasing production and domestic soybean competitiveness.
The Role of Inequality in Indonesia: Does Fiscal Decentralization Matter?
Authors: Hayat Nunung Zahrotul , Kurniawan Mahrus Lutfi Adi , Wong Wing-Keung
Published: January 2024

This research explores the role of inequality because inequality has long-term effects on social and economic conditions and has an impact on the decentralization process. There are two models developed in which inequality is the regressor of regional income and inequality is the regressor. The panel seemingly unrelated regression is applied to produce consistent coefficient parameters. The results of research on model 1 show that inequality has a negative effect on regional income and on model 2 shows that fiscal decentralization with government spending has a positive effect on inequality and special allocation funds have a negative effect on inequality. The implication of research is that fiscal decentralization can reduce the level of inequality if it is transferred and prioritizes poor or disadvantaged areas.
Regional Income, Household Expenditure, Poverty, and Education Convergence Clubs at the District Level in Indonesia
Authors: Firdaus Muhammad Zulfiqar
Published: January 2024

This article reinvestigates the regional convergence in GDP per capita, household expenditure per capita, poverty rate, and average years of schooling in Indonesia at the district level during 2000–2017 using the convergence club method. This article finds that regional inequality in Indonesia at the district level is characterized by two convergence clubs in GDP per capita, five convergence clubs in household expenditure per capita, six convergence clubs in poverty, and five convergence clubs in average years of schooling. This article also confirms the existence of spatial concentration among regions and a development gap between the west and east sides of Indonesia.
Interview with Barbara Holland
Authors: Holton Valerie
Published: January 2024

In this interview, current CUMU Executive Director and past MUJ journal editor Valerie Holton interviews Barbara Holland who served as editor of the journal from 1997-2016. Dr. Holland is a professor, researcher and consultant recognized internationally for her scholarship and expertise on organizational change in higher education with a special focus on the strategic impacts of community engagement as a method of teaching, learning and research. She has served in senior academic administrative roles at several universities in the United States and Australia, held a visiting scholar role in the US Department of Housing and Urban Development headquarters for two years during the Clinton and Bush administrations, and was Executive Director of the federally funded National Service-Learning Clearinghouse for seven years. The library collection, upon the closing of the Clearinghouse, was moved to the Criss Library at University of Nebraska Omaha in 2011 and is called The Barbara A. Holland Collection for Service-Learning and Community Engagement. In 2018, CUMU launched the Barbara A. Holland Scholar-Administrator Award in recognition of her contributions to the field and her legacy as a scholar-administrator. In this interview, Dr. Holland discusses her work with CUMU and MUJ since she became part of the organization in 1990.
Commentary on Watanabe and Takeda (2023)
Authors: Passarotto Edoardo
Published: January 2024

The interesting study by Watanabe and Takeda (2023) found a significant association between musical affinity and physiological characteristics of piano students. However, several issues limit the reliability of their work and make a sensitive interpretation of their results rather premature. This commentary discusses three main limitations of the study and suggests possible solutions to be implemented in future research.
Mechanistic insights into the analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of alcoholic extracts from Curcuma longa
Authors: Nagamani N. , Sharmi V. J. , Subash K. R.
Published: January 2024

Background: Aim of the study was to scientifically validate the traditional Indian claims of Curcuma longa's (turmeric) antinociceptive (pain-relieving) and anti-inflammatory effects.
Methods: The alcoholic extract of C. longa was tested in three rodent nociceptive models: acetic acid-induced writhing: examines visceral pain, formalin test: evaluates both acute and chronic neurogenic and inflammatory pain and tail immersion test to assess thermal pain. The extract's effects were compared to a control group and morphine (reference drug).
Results: C. longa extract significantly reduced abdominal constrictions in the acetic acid test (59.36% inhibition). In the formalin test, the extract significantly decreased paw licking response time in both early (54.12% inhibition) and late phases (78.59% inhibition). C. longa extract significantly increased the tail flick reaction time in the immersion test, indicating pain relief.
Conclusions: This study confirms the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of C. longa, providing scientific evidence for its traditional use in pain management.
The use of cell salvage in adult cardiac surgery at Queen Alia Heart Institute
Authors: Alsmadi Dya D. , Alhadidi Abdallah , Alawamleh Ahmad , Alghawanmeh Suhaib , Alshobaki Wael , Mohd Ashraf F.
Published: January 2024

Background: Objective of the study was to determine the incidence of use cell salvage, indications, efficacy in blood conservation and benefits on recovery after adult cardiac surgery.
Methods: This is an observational analysis of adult cardiac surgical patients presenting for cardiac surgery at Queen Alia Heart Institute in the period between September 2023 and December 2023. Patients’ demographics, type of surgery (cardiac pathology), comorbidities, preoperative and postoperative laboratory results, blood transfusion requirements, extubation and intensive care unit (ICU) length of stay were recorded and statistically analysed to determine the effectiveness of cell salvage. Patients were divided into two groups: The cell saver group and the no cell saver group for comparison.
Results: Data from 141 adult cardiac surgeries is included in this analysis. Indications for cell saver use were recent anticoagulation (41.4%), more complex surgery (20.7%), high risk of bleeding (13.8%), preoperative anaemia (6.9%), intraoperative major bleeding (6.9%), coagulopathy (6.9%) and rare patient blood type (3.45%). Patients from the cell saver group required blood transfusion 2.1% more than the no cell saver group. There was no significant difference in the length of hospitalization between those who had and those who had not cell saver used during surgery (11.9 and 12 days, respectively).
Conclusions: Cell saver was used in one fifth of adult cardiac surgeries. Most common indications for cell saver use during cardiac surgery were recent anticoagulation and more complicated cardiac surgery. The use of cell saver had no impact on postoperative haematocrit or overall time of hospitalization.
Идентификация модели системы менеджмента качества образовательной организации
Authors: Проскурин А.С. , Симкин А.З , Можаева Т.П
Published: January 2024

В статье рассматриваются модели систем менеджмента качества, широко используемые образовательными организациями. Идентифицируются международные и национальные модели (стандарты) систем менеджмента качества, в том числе разработанные и применяемые отечественными образовательными организациями. Обосновывается целесообразность реализации страны национальных моделей систем менеджмента качества
Features of academic writing in the public sector
Authors: Shakhshina А.К , Aubakirova G.Т
Published: January 2024

This article reveals the importance of academic writing as a tool for solving urgent problems in the public sector. The emphasis is on the development of analysis and research skills through academic writing and their application to the field of public administration. The article emphasizes that academic writing not only promotes the development of critical thinking and the ability to make informed decisions, but also improves the quality of documentation, communication and interaction with external stakeholders. Academic writing, in turn, helps public servants become more competent and effective professionals capable of developing sound policies and programs. Ultimately, this can contribute to improving the efficiency and quality of public administration.
Изучение мотивов учебной деятельности учащихся 6 классов
Authors: Индейкина О.С
Published: January 2024

Данная работа посвящена изучению мотивов учебной деятельности учащихся 6-ых классов МБОУ «СОШ № 3» города Чебоксары. Выявлено что оба класса по мотивам не сильно отличаются. И в 6 «А», и в 6 «Б» классах преобладает внешний мотив. Однако в 6 «Б» классе присутствует преобладание мотива достижения
Удовлетворенность материнством и жизнестойкость женщин среднего возраста: исследование взаимосвязи
Authors: Стачинская С.О , Назарова У.А
Published: January 2024

В данной статье представлены результаты исследования, целью которого было изучение связи удовлетворѐнности материнством с жизнестойкостью женщин среднего возраста. В статье освещается процедура и результаты проведенного исследования. Статья раскрывает выявленную в ходе исследования специфику взаимосвязи компонентов жизнестойкости и удовлетворѐнности материнством, а также различия в особенностях удовлетворѐнности материнством и жизнестойкости женщин-матерей среднего возраста с разным уровнем удовлетворѐнности своей ролью матери
Взаимосвязь мотивации родительства и представлений об идеальном родителе у будущих отцов
Authors: Болучевская В.В. , Толстикова А.А.
Published: January 2024

В данной статье рассматриваться проблема мотивации будущих отцов, а в частности, взаимосвязь между представлением о идеальном родителе и направленности мотивации. В работе представлены результаты диагностики ведущих мотивов отцов. Также выявлены представления об идеальных качествах родителя, и произведена оценка реальных качеств будущих родителей.
Проблемы формирования патриотизма в современном российском обществе
Authors: Иванова С.Ю , Шульга М.М.
Published: January 2024

В статье рассматриваются взаимосвязанные проблемы методологии исследования патриотизма и практики формирования патриотизма в современном российском обществе. Статья выполнена в рамках Программы научных исследований, связанных с изучением этнокультурного многообразия российского общества и направленных на укрепление общероссийской идентичности 2023-2025 гг. (руководитель академик РАН В.А. Тишков). Проект «Патриотизм как интегрирующая ценность полиэтничного российского общества» (FSRN-2023-0025).
Гендерные аспекты постспортивной адаптации
Authors: Рыскин П.П.
Published: January 2024

Исследование, представленное в статье посвящено вопросам определения жизненных и стратегий их достижения в процессах постспортивной адаптации. Материалы составлены на основе данных опроса профессиональных спортсменов и характеризуют гендерные различия стратегий постспортивной адаптации профессиональных спортсменов. Полученные результаты свидетельствуют о существенных различиях в приоритетах и стратегиях постспортивной адаптации у мужчин и женщин. Приоритеты мужчин связаны с карьерой, финансовым и общественным положением, приоритеты женщин связаны с возможностями саморазвития и самовыражения.
В.И. Ленин в образной системе К.С. Петрова-Водкина
Authors: Христолюбова . Т.П
Published: January 2024

К.С. Петров-Водкин – талантливый и многогранный художник, значительная часть творчества которого приходится на советский период. В статье предпринимается попытка проанализировать его живописные работы, изображающие В.И. Ленина, выявить их символическое значение и возможности интерпретации
The structure of variability in shoot and fruit traits of subalpine populations of Fagus orientalis Lipsky in the Western and Eastern Caucasus
Authors: Aliev Kh. U.
Published: January 2024

Aim. Comparative study and analysis of the variability of characters of the shoots and fruit of Fagus orientalis Lipsky from subalpine populations of the Western and Eastern Caucasus.

   Material and Methods. For the analysis randomly collected annual shoots with fruit from 47 Fagus orientalis trees from 6 populations of the Western and Eastern Caucasus were used. Measurement data from 12 traits were used to identify variability. The total repetition of measurements for each trait for 6 populations was 1318.

   Results. A comparative study of the variability of traits in the shoot and fruit of Fagus orientalis from 6 populations of the Eastern and Western Caucasus showed a predominance of size traits in individuals from the Eastern Caucasus. The trait “length of annual shoot” had the highest level of variability – 70.6 %. Low and medium levels were detected in fruit traits, leaf blade length and width, and plus length. The results of Student's t‐tests showed the greatest significance of differences in the “length of annual bud” trait – 28.98. Correlation analysis revealed positive, reliable relationships for most pairs of characteristics. The closest of them are noted in all fruit characters and in the character of length and width of the leaf blade.

   Conclusions. The predominance of size values of traits in individuals from populations of the Eastern Caucasus is associated with climatic conditions – the growing season in the Western Caucasus being shorter by almost a month. The low level of variability of fetal traits confirms their high genetic determination. The “apical bud length” trait can be used as an indicator, reflecting the degree of influence of environmental factors on populations. The closest correlations are manifested by the characteristics of the fruit and a pair of characteristics ‐ the length and width of the leaf blade.
Morphological features and anatomical structure of the leaves of Dagestan endemic species of Allium
Authors: Ramazanova Z. R. , Dibirov M. D. , Soltanmuradova Z. I. , Asadulaev Z. M.
Published: January 2024

Aim. To conduct a comparative analysis and assessment of the taxon specificity of the morphological and anatomical features of the leaves of endemic species of the genus Allium in Dagestan.

   Material and Methods. The research materials were samples of endemic species of the genus Allium from the natural populations of mountainous Dagestan: A. daghestanicum; A. gunibicum; A. charadzeae; A. mirzojevii and A. samurense. For the analysis of morphometric features, 10 generative individuals were collected in the full flowering phase. Processing of the collected material was carried out at the Laboratory of Introduction and Genetic Resources of the Mountain Botanical Garden, Dagestan Federal Research Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences. Fixation of the material and preparation of temporary micropreparations were carried out according to the generally accepted methods of anatomical studies. Anatomical studies were carried out on leaves of medium formation from the middle part of the leaf. Morphometric parameters of tissues and cells were measured using a Levenhuk D870T optical microscope with an eyepiece micrometer. Micropreparations were photographed using a Lomo‐AT 054 optical microscope and a DCM 510 SCOP video eyepiece.

   Results. A grouping of species according to leaf size was carried out: large‐leaved (A. daghestanicum, A. gunibicum, A charadze section Dagestanica. Tscholok. Friesen) and small‐leaved (A. mirzojevii, A. samurense section Oreiprason F. Herm.), according to the shape of the leaf cross section: grooved with smooth edges (A. daghestanicum), grooved with ribbed edges (A. gunibicum and A charadze) and rounded ribbed (A. mirzojevii and A. samurense), according to the number and size of vascular bundles. Descriptions of the anatomical structure of the leaves and an assessment of the species specificity of the studied traits of five species of Allium were carried out.

   Conclusions. It was determined that some features of the morphology and anatomy of the leaves of five endemic species of the genus Allium are species‐specific or due to environmental conditions of growth in the arid conditions of Inner Mountain Dagestan.
Diabetic ketoacidosis and oxidative stress: pathophysiological mechanisms
Authors: Bykov Yu. V.
Published: January 2024

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a common endocrine disease with a large number of acute and chronic complications, among which diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is the most frequent and severe, especially in children and adolescents with type 1 DM. Oxidative stress (OS) is a pathological condition that develops due to an imbalance between free radicals formation and inefficiency of the antioxidant system. OS is a strong risk factor for the development of numerous diabetic complications. Recently OS has been considered as an important component of DKA, the pathophysiological mechanisms of which have not yet been fully elucidated. This paper describes hypotheses according to which OS not only triggers and exacerbates manifestations of DKA, but itself represents a severe consequence of DKA, leading to the progression of numerous micro- and macroscopic diabetic complications. The formation of glycation end products, activation of protein kinase C, polyol and hexosamine pathways are considered among the key pathophysiologic mechanisms of OS development in DKA. Achieving a better understanding of OS pathogenesis in DKA will optimize the diagnosis of OS and approaches to DKA correction through timely prescription of antioxidants.
Relationship between vascular calcification, osteoporosis and systemic inflammation
Authors: Nichiporuk K. A. , Tsarenok S. Yu. , Gorbunov V. V. , Ilyamakova N. A. , Aksenova T. A.
Published: January 2024

A lot of patients with coronary heart disease often suffer from vascular calcification. In many cases it is accompanied by harmful cardiovascular events. The modern ideas of the relationship between osteoporosis, vascular calcification and inflammation, the general mechanisms of development of vascular calcification and low bone mineral density are discussed. Despite a growing number of studies concerning the combined pathology of the cardiovascular and skeletal systems, a causal relationship between vascular calcification and a decrease in bone mass has not yet been established. Moreover, there is insufficient data on the effect of inflammation on ectopic calcification. Based on the analysis of available clinical and experimental studies, this review describes the main pathogenetic mechanisms of vascular calcification in coronary atherosclerosis. The influence of calcium and vitamin D medicines on the development of vascular calcification is discussed in this article. The author’s attention is focused on early and long-term consequences of percutaneous coronary intervention and coronary bypass surgery in patients with vascular calcification.
Bronchopulmonary system within the confines of post-COVID-19 syndrome: literature review
Authors: Nesterets A. M. , Khudiakova A. D. , Kurtukova A. B. , Logvinenko I. I.
Published: January 2024

The purpose of this review is to describe the available scientific data on the post-COVID-19 syndrome, formulate the main approaches to classification, determine the potential mechanisms of its pathogenesis, as well as determine the mechanisms of the occurrence of bronchopulmonary system pathology within the framework of the post-COVID-19 syndrome. It is known that long-term persistence of COVID-19 symptoms significantly reduces the quality of life of patients through the direct or indirect effect of the SARS-CoV-2 virus on a number of organs and systems. The review examines in detail the possible pathogenetic mechanisms of the post-COVID-19 syndrome, describes and studies the most common consequences of acute COVID-19, taking into account the severity of the disease, including diseases of the respiratory system, in particular interstitial and broncho-obstructive diseases. Particular attention is paid to the above problems in order to describe and structure the available scientific data on lung diseases within the framework of the post-COVID-19 syndrome. It should be noted, however, that there are very few studies on pathogenesis of changes in the bronchopulmonary system in the post-COVID-19 period. The bulk of them affect only individual manifestations of diseases of the respiratory system, in particular cough and shortness of breath, and are not aimed at determining causeand-effect relationships and the relationship of these symptoms to a specific nosology. Taking into consideration the continued high incidence of COVID-19, there is no doubt that additional studies of bronchopulmonary manifestations of post-COVID-19 syndrome should be conducted. Information from the databases PubMed, eLibrary, Scopus, Jstor was used as literary sources.
Relationships between the level of psycho-emotional stress and the content of biogenic amines, sex and thyroid hormones in male population of Arkhangelsk
Authors: Molodovskaya I. N. , Tipisova E. V. , Alikina V. A. , Elfimova A. E. , Zyabisheva V. N.
Published: January 2024

The article presents the relationship between the level of psycho-emotional stress and the content of biogenic amines, sex and thyroid hormones in healthy men in the city of Arkhangelsk, taking into account the change of seasons.

Material and methods. The study involved 20 men aged 25–44 years. The content of hormones, biogenic amines in serum was determined by enzyme immunoassay. To assess the level of psycho-emotional stress, a survey was conducted using the questionnaire “Your well-being”, developed by O.S. Kopina, E.A. Suslova, E.V. Zaikin, as well as A. Beck’s depression questionnaire.

Results and discussion. A greater number of relationships between the studied parameters was revealed in the transitional periods of the year (March and September), which allows us to consider the spring and autumn as provoking factors in psychosocial stress development. In healthy people, the higher peripheral conversion of iodothyronines associates with the higher satisfaction with vital needs in the fall. The subjective assessment of the health is characterized by exclusively positive relationships with thyroid (spring and autumn) and sex (summer, winter) hormones. Indicators of personal satisfaction in all seasons of the year negatively correlate with the level of sex hormones and sex hormone-binding globulin, and indicators of stress and depression negatively correlate with content of pituitary hormones (luteinizing, thyroid stimulating). Concentration of such monoamines as dopamine (in winter) and acetylcholine (in autumn) positively correlates with feelings of personal satisfaction, while serotonin content shows a negative relationship with the level of satisfaction in autumn.
Typological changes in the level of dopamine, cortisol and thyroid hormones in males of Arkhangelsk in the dynamics of year photoperiods
Authors: Zyabisheva V. N. , Tipisova E. V. , Elfimova A. E. , Molodovskaya I. N. , Alikina V. A.
Published: January 2024

The aim of the study was to consider typological photoperiodic changes in the levels of dopamine, cortisol and thyroid hormones in males of Arkhangelsk.

Material and methods. The study sample included 20 young euthyroid males aged 25–44 years, permanently residing in Arkhangelsk. To study the influence of the photoperiodic factor on the functioning of the endocrine system, four months were selected, which are distinguished by the clearest contrast of daylight hours: March (increased daylight hours), June (maximum daylight hours), September (reduced daylight hours) and December (minimum daylight hours). The concentration of dopamine was determined in the blood plasma, and the indicators of the thyroid profile and cortisol level were studied in the serum.

Results. Analysis of the data obtained revealed two types of reactions from the dopaminergic system and cortisol content during the period of minimal daylight hours. Along with the seasonal dynamics of dopamine, there is a change in the activity of the pituitary-thyroid system.

Conclusions. In males, whose dopamine levels increase from September to December, the concentrations of cortisol and thyroid hormones also increase, that is, several stress systems are simultaneously activated – the adrenal medulla and cortex, the thyroid gland. Thus, there is a more pronounced reaction to the appearance of seasonal stress factors, which may be due to the rather successful adaptation of the respondents to the environment and may indicate that respondents with dopamine levels decreasing or not changing from September to December either have reduced reserve capacity of the body, or hormones are more actively spent on metabolic processes.
Veloergometric Doppler study of brain blood circulation after balneological antler correction of vasomotor autoregulation
Authors: Avkhimenko V. A. , Trivozhenko A. B.
Published: January 2024

The aim of the study was to evaluate the change in veloergometry (VEM)-induced dynamic state of peak blood flow velocity (Vps) and resistance index (RI) in the middle cerebral artery after balneotherapy of arterial hypertension with Altai red deer antlers.

Material and methods. A small cohort of patients (n = 48) with grade I–II arterial hypertension aged 56 [50–59] years (median [lower quartile-upper quartile]) was examined. In the course of the duplex research of middle cerebra artery Vps, RI in a prone position, sitting and during a bicycle exercise were registered.

Results. In a prone position Vps was 100 [95–105] сm/s, RI – 0.62 [0.58–0.64]; on the cycle ergometer Vps decreased by 20 % and was 80 [77–85] сm/s. In the course of bicycle exercises of average intensity (60 W for women and 90 W for men), Vps increased by 45 %, to 115 [112–120] сm/s, RI increased to 0.73 [0.71–0.75]. On a maximum excise loading Vps reduced by 25 % up to 88 [86–92] сm/s, RI did not change. After antler balneotherapy Vps in a prone position decreased and was equal 87 [82–92] сm/s (p = 0.0001), it occurred due to the improvement of microcirculation confirmed by decrease in RI to 0.52 [0.5–0.53] (р = 0.0001). To a lesser extent there was also an orthostatic falling of Vps at these patients. In the course of bicycle exercises of average intensity, Vps was registered with higher amplitude (up to 60 %, 122 [120– 125] сm/s). On a maximum of bicycle exercise Vps decreased by 30 % of an average and was equal to 85 [82–86] сm/s.

Conclusions. Veloergometric Doppler study of a blood-groove in a middle cerebra artery is a representative method for assessing the dynamic state of autoregulation and can be used for diagnostic audit of physical therapy. The antler balneotherapy of the Altai maral products makes positive impact on cerebral vasomotor function.
Morphofunctional and psychophysiological body indicators in monitoring students’ health status, in view of their adjustment to academic environment
Authors: Anfinogenova О. I. , Deep H. , Domenyuk D. A. , Ivchenko G. S. , Rzhepakovsky I. V.
Published: January 2024

Students’ adjustment to higher education process depends largely on the body’s individual features. The student’s physiological and psychological status, as well as the initial motivational setting attitudes are the determining factors. Given this backcloth, the search for ways to improve the health, while aiming at enhancing future qualified specialists’ working and adjustment capacity, appears to be an issue of utmost importance.

Material and methods. A longitudinal study involving university students of different years was carried out, through which anthropometric data were evaluated for the same students in their 1st year and then – in their 2nd year of training; the concentration of testosterone and cortisol in saliva, thyroid-stimulating hormone and triiodothyronine in blood serum was measured by ELISA; also, psychophysiological values were estimated through unified questionnaires.

Results. The results showed that over the course of education, the students had their hemoglobin concentration, average hemoglobin content in erythrocytes, and leukocyte number decreased. Notable was a significant increase in 3rd year students’ thyroid-stimulating hormone content and a decrease of triiodothyronine and testosterone. A test relying on the Buss – Durkee Hostility Inventory helped to detect an increase in the aggression and suspicion criterion indicators among senior students if matched versus similar values obtained for their freshmen-counterparts.

Conclusions. The research outcomes expand the informational and the methodological base required to evaluate an average student’s functional status from the standpoint of a systematic approach and the theory of the norm. Besides, such data will offer an insight into the main mechanisms behind stressinducing, just like stress-limiting, adjustment strategies. This study of the morphofunctional status indicators allows – while within the annual health monitoring approach – identifying the regulatory and the adjustment capacities in students, both at the time they are enrolled as freshmen and further, thus helping predict the potential risk of maladjustment, which, in turn, may serve a useful tool in taking preventive measures, the final goal being to maintain students’ health through their higher education training period.
Effects of nitric oxide on microviscosity and polarity of erythrocyte membranes in experiment
Authors: Rebrova T. Yu. , Podoksenov Yu. K. , Afanasiev S. A. , Kamenshchikov N. O. , Korepanov V. A. , Diakova M. L.
Published: January 2024

Enhancement of methods for protecting target organs during coronary artery bypass surgery determined the development of a technology for delivering nitric oxide (NO) to the systemic blood flow using a cardiopulmonary bypass (CB) apparatus, which makes NO available to all organs and tissues.

The aim of the study was to access the effect of perioperative NO conditioning on the coefficients of microviscosity and polarity of sheep etythrocyte membranes during experimental surgical intervention using CB.

Material and methods. Study was carried out on 20 sheep weighing 30–34 kg. Two groups were formed. In the CB group, 10 sheep underwent the standard clinical protocol of artificial lung ventilation (ALV) and CB. In the CB + NO group, 10 sheep received NO at a dose of 80 ppm through the circuit of ALV apparatus immediately after tracheal intubation. At the start of CB, NO was delivered to the extracorporeal circulation circuit at a dose of 80 ppm for 90 min. After disconnection from CB, NO supply continued through the ALV apparatus at a dose of 80 ppm for 60 min. The coefficients of microviscosity and polarity of sheep erythrocyte membranes were determined by spectrofluorimetry using pyrene probe.

Results and discussion. The implementation of CB was accompanied by a statistically significant decrease in the microviscosity coefficient in the zones of proteinlipid contact of sheep erythrocyte membranes. In the zone of total lipids, the microviscosity coefficient did not change after CB implementation. The membrane polarity coefficient at the final stage of the surgery increased significantly in the zone of annular lipids and did not change in the zone of total lipids. NO supply to the circuit of the extracorporeal circulation neutralizes the revealed increase in the microviscosity and polarity of the annular lipids.

Conclusions. The introduction of NO into the extracorporeal circulation circuit at the concentration of 80 ppm prevents a decrease in the coefficients of microviscosity and polarity of annular lipids of erythrocyte membranes that occurs during cardiac surgery.
Integral evaluation of thyroid lymphatic region in phytocorrection of hypothyroidism consequences
Authors: Gorchakov V. N. , Nikolaychuk K. M. , Demchenko G. A. , Nurmakhanova B. A. , Gorchakova O. V.
Published: January 2024

To date, the integrative involvement of thyroid lymphatic region structures in providing tissue homeostasis in hypothyroidism and during rehabilitation remains a poorly understood problem. The use of phytotherapy is attractive for reducing the effects of hypothyroidism. This issue requires scientific justification during the rehabilitation phase.

Material and methods. The work was performed on 160 white Wistar rats using light and electron microscopy according, data of morphometry and statistical matrix analysis. An adequate model of hypothyroidism was created by mercazolil administration. After the mercazolil withdrawal, we investigated the reversibility of thyroid and regional lymph node changes during the rehabilitation period (on 7, 14, 21 days) on the background of bioactive phytocomposition intake and without it. Phytocomposition from laminaria and medicinal plants of Siberia was used at a dose of 0.2 g/kg for three weeks after the cancellation of mercazolil.

Results and discussion. The study showed a unidirectional change in thyroid and lymph node structure with a preferential decrease in indicators in hypothyroidism. The value of the total normalized index for the lymphatic region (lymphothyroostat) is negative during the recovery period without phytocorrection. The index has a negative value initially and up to 14 days and becomes positive only by the end of 21 days of the study reflecting the inertia of the structural response of organs. Phytotherapy provides high rationed index rates for lymphothyrostat. The index becomes positive starting at day 14. There is an intensification of compensatory and adaptive reactions at all levels of lymphothyrostat organization, starting with ultrastructural. The lymph node contributes significantly to the provision of homeostasis of the lymph region of the thyroid gland.

Conclusions. Reorganization of the lymph node and thyroid gland is interconnected in hypothyroidism. The active role of the lymph node in providing tissue homeostasis in the lymph region of the thyroid is apparent. Thyroid and lymph node function can be enhanced by phytotherapy. Phytocomposition reduces the effects of hypothyroidism. It is a kind of modifier of thyroid and lymph node structure and function
Clinical variants of the metabolic syndrome in young people living in the Khanty-Mansiysk autonomous region – Yugra
Authors: Korneeva E. V. , Voevoda M. I.
Published: January 2024

Currently the “rejuvenation” and an increase in the number of components of the metabolic syndrome (MS) determine its clinical significance in the earlier development of diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases and related complications. Aim of the study was to investigate the features of the MS clinic picture in a population of young men and womenliving in the Khanty-Mansiysk autonomous region – Yugra.

Material and methods. The study included 863 young people between 18 and 44 years of age, including 344 men and women with MS and 519 people in the comparison group. Studied subgroups are represented by non-indigenous men and women living in urban and rural areas, and indigenous rural residents. The analysis of MS clinical and laboratory parameters was carried out and its clinical variants in ethnic groups were identified.

Results and its discussion. According to the results of the survey of young people with metabolic syndrome, it was revealed that the combination of abdominal obesity and two components of MS were most common in young people with MS (in 50.0 % men and in 55.5 % women). The study defined regression models for each MS group and threshold values for waist circumference were set, which changes in lipid and carbohydrate metabolism were predicted.

Conclusions. In groups with MS, hypertriglyceridemia was determined as its most common component. The study identified the most frequent association of abdominal obesity with hyper-LDL cholesterol and hypertriglyceridemia in patients with metabolic syndrome, in ethnic groups, this combination is more common in indigenous rural men (53.3 %) and in non-indigenous urban women (54.3 %).
Serum level of proteins involved in apoptosis and autophagy in patients with type 2 diabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Krasner Ya. A. , Romanov V. V. , Fazullina O. N. , Osipenko M. F. , Klimontov V. V.
Published: January 2024

Aim of the study was to estimate the blood serum level of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 alpha (MAP1LC3alpha), beclin-1 (BECN-1), Bcl-2 (BCL-2), caspase-3 (CASP3) and autophagy related 5 (ATG-5) protein as potential markers of liver fibrosis in type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).

Material and methods. A single center cross-sectional observational study was performed. Seventy four patients with T2D and NAFLD were included, 23 men and 51 women, aged 18 to 74 years. Transient elastography was used for the assessment of liver fibrosis. The severity of fibrosis was estimated using the Metavir sсore. In addition, indirect liver fibrosis indices APRI and FIB-4 were calculated. Serum concentration of MAP1LC3alpha, BECN-1, BCL-2, CASP and ATG-5 was measured by ELISA. We applied ROC analysis to assess the value of studied indicators in diagnosis of liver fibrosis.

Results. Liver fibrosis stage F1 was verified in 16 subjects, stage F2 in 12, stage F3 in 7, and stage F4 in 19 individuals. Patients with advanced liver fibrosis (stage 3-4) when compared to those without fibrosis (stage 0–2) had higher content of MAP1LC3alpha (p = 0.01) and BECN-1 (p = 0.01). There were no significant differences in the level of BCL-2, CASP3 and ATG-5 between patients with different severity of fibrosis. In the ROC analysis, MAP1LC3alpha and BECN-1 showed significance for the diagnosis of severe liver fibrosis, which, however, did not exceed that of the APRI index.

Conclusions. In patients with T2D and NAFLD, serum levels of MAP1LC3alpha and BECN-1 are associated with severe liver fibrosis.
Efficacy of stage I rehabilitation of medical workers with moderate course of interstitial lung damage associated with COVID-19
Authors: Shpagina L. A. , Drobyshev V. A. , Karmanovskaya S. A. , Loktin E. M. , Shpagin I. S. , Kotova O. S. , Panacheva L. A. , Musienko T. V. , Zaikina E. A.
Published: January 2024

Aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of early rehabilitation methods for medical workers with severe or moderate lung damage caused by a new coronavirus infection, who are in intensive care units, to improve lung ventilation, gas exchange and bronchial clearance, correct muscle weakness, increase overall physical endurance, mobility, psycho-emotional stability.

Material and methods. We examined 53 COVID-19 women with moderate lung injury at stage I of rehabilitation, divided into two groups: main (n = 31, medical personnel) and control (n = 22, working outside of contact with pulmotropic risk factors, including no risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection). Early rehabilitation was carried out in the intensive care unit and in the infectious diseases hospital of City Clinical Hospital No. 2, for patients with COVID-19 rehabilitation plan was drawn up in accordance with temporary guidelines for the medical rehabilitation of a new coronavirus infection.

Results and discussion. It was established, that rehabilitation in the conditions of the intensive care unit and the specialized department can significantly reduce the severity of dyspnea, anxiety and depression, positively affects the increase in exercise tolerance, and helps to reduce the activity of systemic inflammation. In patients who have industrial contact with patients with COVID-19, the effectiveness of rehabilitation measures is lower than in the comparison group.

Conclusions. To increase the effectiveness of stage I of the rehabilitation of medical workers with COVID-19 and lung damage, it is necessary to conduct more intensive and longer rehabilitation than indicated in the current guidelines.
Associations of TLR gene polymorphism with the risk of rheumatic heart disease
Authors: Sinitskaya A. V. , Khutornaya M. V. , Khryachkova O. N. , Poddubnyak A. O. , Sinitsky M. Yu. , Asanov M. A. , Ponasenko A. V.
Published: January 2024

Aim of the study was to investigate the associations between TLR gene polymorphism and the risk of rheumatic heart disease (RHD).

Material and methods. 251 RHD patients (190 females and 61 males) and 300 healthy donors (190 females and 110 males), whose age was 57 [29; 77] and 53 [21; 80] years (median [lower quartile; upper quartile]), respectively, were recruited in the presented study. Eight polymorphic variants in the TLR gene were genotyped by realtime PCR.

Results. We found no statistically significant differences in the frequency of eight polymorphic variants in the TLR1, TLR2, TLR4 and TLR6 genes in the general group of patients. Stratification by gender and age showed that the frequency of the C/C genotype of the TLR1 gene (rs5743551) was increased in females with RHD (11.6 %) compared to the control group (5.3 %); a risk effect was determined for recessive inheritance patterns (odds ratio 2.43, 95 % confidence interval 1.07–5.52, p = 0.029). Moreover, the combination of polymorphic variants TLR2 (rs5743708) – TLR4 (rs4689791) – TLR1 (rs5743551) – TLR2 (rs3804099) showed the greatest significance in RHD risk.

Conclusions. Future research on the different populations will allow to discover the general patterns of RHD pathogenesis, which will finally lead to the establishment of therapeutic targets for treatment of streptococcal infection and RHD prevention.
Clinical and laboratory aspects of infectious mononucleosis in different age groups
Authors: Aftaeva L. N. , Mel’nikov V. L. , Romanova V. S. , Borisova E. A.
Published: January 2024

Infectious mononucleosis is an acute anthroponotic disease that develops as a result of human infection with viruses of the Herpesviridae family: Epstein – Barr virus (EBV), cytomegalovirus (CMV), herpes viruses of the 6th (HHV-6) and 7th types.

The aim of our work was to study the clinical features and laboratory parameters of the course of infectious mononucleosis in patients of three age groups.

Material and methods. A retrospective analysis of 156 medical records of patients who were on outpatient treatment by an infectious disease specialist at Clinical Medicine Center MedMix was carried out. Patients were divided into three categories according to the age criterion: the first group from 0 to 5 years consisted of 58 (37.2 %) children, the second group was represented by persons from 5 to 18 years old – 58 (37.2 %), the third group was formed by patients from 18 to 53 years old – 40 (25.6 %) people.

Results and its discussion. Among children aged 0 to 5 years, boys (67.2 %) more frequently fell sick, and in the group from 18 to 53 years, females (70 %) were more likely to have the disease. Clinical symptoms such as generalized lymphadenopathy (82.7 %), nasopharyngeal lesions (79.3 %) and changes in the general blood test (86.2 %) were most frequently detected in children aged up to 5 years, while fever (81 %) and oropharyngeal lesions (74.1 %) were most frequently detected in patients aged from 5 to 18 years. Liver damage with the development of acute induced viral hepatitis was recorded in all age groups (24.1, 27.6 and 30 %). EBV infection was most frequently diagnosed among children aged from 5 to 18 years and persons aged from 18 to 53 years (in 62.1 and 70 % of cases, respectively, p < 0.05). Mixed infection with the combination of VEB + CMV + HHV-6 was significantly more frequent in children under 5 years of age (34.5 %; p < 0.05).

Conclusions. In childhood, the clinical manifestations of infectious mononucleosis were more pronounced. Such intense course of the disease caused frequent visits to an infectious disease specialist and diagnostics with the establishment of an etiological agent. The dominance of EBV infection in the development of infectious mononucleosis in all groups was established. However, at the age up to 5 years, the most common mixed infections were the following combinations: EBV + CMV, EBV + HHV-6, EBV + CMV + HHV-6 and CMV + HHV-6.