bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Turismo Rural Comunitario, Una Alternativa Para El Desarrollo De Los Territorios Rurales Estudio De Caso: Guasuntos, Ecuador
Authors: Vintimilla Mónica Cecilia Zurita , Santamaría Gabriela Estefanía Román , Romero Gabriela Natalí Fonseca , Báez Luis Alberto Quevedo , Vizuete Danny Daniel Castillo
Published: July 2017

Ecuador is a country with a vast amount of natural and cultural heritage. The diversity of its four regions has allowed the presence of several species of flora and fauna. Most of its fauna and flora is present at 26 protected natural areas. Also, it offers historical attractions, gastronomy, and a variety of cultures and traditions. In all these aspects, Ecuador has developed several modalities of tourism, as the community based tourism, which is considered as a strategy for development. It is also considered as an object of investigation which includes three fundamental perspectives: special sensitivity to the natural environment and cultural particularities, integral sustainability (social and natural), and effective control of tourism by communities. Community tourism contributes to the country’s brand at international level, being an element of growing interest in touristic market. The Guasuntos community has natural and cultural resources, which has allowed the incursion in this tourism modality. This, however, was possible through the creation of a product according to the needs of unsatisfied demand. A survey was applied to the local tourists who visited Alausí and Chunchi cantons. Also, the market analysis of the survey was carried out, and the potential demand and competition were projected. This helps to ascertain the unsatisfied demand in order to identify the needs of the national tourists. This study was developed as a contribution to the design of a touristic product with the aim of improving the population life quality.
Learning, Scholarship and Public Libraries in Pre and Colonial Sudan
Authors: Mustafa Al haj Salim
Published: July 2017

Although the idea of providing public library services to the general public is basically a westernized concept, nevertheless the Sudan has a long tradition of learning and scholarship in which one could argue that an embryonic and rudimentary public library service of some sort had been established. The purpose of this paper is to provide an historical overview of this learning and scholarship development and to explore the forces social, historical and political that led to the emergence of public libraries in pre and colonial Sudan. The historical research method was used to describe such forces employing mainly books, journal articles and to a lesser extent theses and dissertation. This will be followed by a discussion and conclusion.
Redução dos remanescentes de Adansonia Digitata (Imbondeiro, Embondeiro ou Baobá) no perímetro de Luanda
Authors: Bonifácio Cleovamir José , Henkes Jairo Afonso
Published: July 2017

A Adansônia digitata é popularmente conhecida como imbondeiro, embondeiro ou baobá, este último mais comum no Brasil.  O Imbondeiro possui um tronco muito espesso na base, chegando a atingir nove metros de diâmetro. O seu tronco é peculiar: vai se estreitando em forma de cone e evidenciando grandes protuberâncias. Esse colosso vegetal pode atingir trinta metros de altura e possui a capacidade de armazenar, em seu caule gigante, até 120.000 litros de água. Por tal razão é denominada "árvore garrafa" (VAINSENCHER,2010). Nos últimos cinco anos tem-se observado um significativo e acelerado processo de derrubada de árvores de imbondeiros no entorno de Luanda, principalmente em função do crescimento urbano e parques industriais. Através de entrevistas e pesquisas, buscamos identificar a importância desta árvore na cultura e costumes deste povo, as causas que vem levando sua eliminação e a conivência das instituições, assistindo a substituição dos bosques de imbondeiros pelo cinza e prateado da alvenaria e casas de chapas, e pelo vermelho dos pátios terraplanados. Evidencia-se um processo de degradação ambiental com a supressão de áreas verdes, além do vínculo milenar do Imbondeiro com os povos tradicionais de Angola, chamando a atenção das instituições locais, além de propor alternativas para a preservação e programas de sustentabilidade desta árvore e suas raízes que fundamentam boa parte da base cultural deste povo.
A utilização de recifes artificiais marinhos como ferramenta de recuperação da fauna marinha
Authors: Padilha Renato De Almeida , Henkes Jairo Afonso
Published: July 2017

resumo....
Mães que entregam seus filhos em adoção: intervenções e desafios do assistente social retratados em um estudo comparativo no CAISM/UNICAMP
Authors: Freston Yolanda Maria Braga , Maximo Daiana , Rossi Dalva
Published: July 2017

Com a Lei Nacional de Adoção 12.010/09 ocorrem importantes alterações nos atendimentos às gestantes, ofertando atendimento especializado, inclusive àquelas que entregam seus filhos à adoção, a fim de proporcionar uma escolha segura, evitando as adoções à brasileira, os abandonos e ainda, o tráfico infantil. O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar o perfil socioeconômico e cultural de doze mães que doaram seus filhos entre 2010 e 2014 no CAISM/UNICAMP e compará-los com 58 doações ocorridas em 1986 e 1990 na mesma instituição. A metodologia consistiu em análise documental, realizada nos arquivos do Serviço Social. Os dados obtidos na atual pesquisa revelaram que as mulheres que colocaram seus filhos em adoção elencaram como motivos a violência sexual e ausência de respaldo familiar, já na pesquisa anterior, os principais motivos foram a situação econômica, a falta de apoio familiar e do pai da criança. Em ambos os estudos a faixa etária prevalente das mulheres foi entre 20 a 29 anos. Outros dados observados nas duas pesquisas é que a maioria das mulheres era solteira e sua renda não ultrapassava três salários mínimos. Como no levantamento anterior, a expectativa das mulheres que doaram o filho era de proteção e garantia de um futuro melhor. Os dados sugerem que são necessários mais espaços de debates, incluindo a paternidade responsável e a violência de gênero, a fim de desmistificar e esclarecer os direitos e a realidade da mulher que entrega seu filho em adoção.
O combate ao racismo na formação escolar e construçao da cidadania
Authors: Lins Edison Cardoso
Published: July 2017

O combate ao racismo é tema relevante. Importante fazer avançar mecanismos de reforço para que seja eliminado. A escola é um espaço privilegiado para a formação educacional, cultural e de conscientização . Diversos profissionais da Unicamp, em especial aqueles que também atuam nas escolas públicas, têm trazido contribuição com ações e estratégicas pedagógicas, experiências exitosas e de possibilidades de replicamento. Métodos Aplicado para 70 alunos no ano letivo de 2015. O uso de tecnologia em sala de aula, como, por exemplo o celular, visto como negativo nos processos da aula, pela dispersão dos alunos, pode e deve, tornar-se estratégico. Foi o que aconteceu em uma escola pública próxima à Unicamp. Alunos foram desafiados a organizarem grupos, debaterem a questão do racismo e depois, usando o celular, exporem ideias , denúncia no combate ao racismo. Resultados Foram produzidos, através do aparelho celular, vídeos. Num deles, ambientado na residência de um dos alunos integrantes do grupo, houve a elaboração de uma narrativa, cujo enredo tinha como foco o tema. Causou impacto ao grupo especializado que acompanhou projeto, a qualificada construção realizada pelos alunos . O vídeo foi exibido para diversas escolas públicas da região leste de Campinas, como exemplo de uma prática inovadora e eficiente na articulação de diversas disciplinas escolares. Considerações finais O projeto foi realizado com a participação de profissionais da Unicamp que também atuam, em horário complementar, nas atividades docentes. Em parceria com a Puc-Campinas.
Criação de material de apoio ao ensino de ciências biológicas
Authors: Canova Fernando , Basilio Andréia Leite , Facchini Fernanda Sato
Published: July 2017

Incentivar o aluno a buscar novos conhecimentos é dever de todos os envolvidos com a educação, que não devem se limitar ao ensino clássico com o quadro e giz. Assim, o professor moderno, preocupado com a didática, utiliza-se de recursos atuais para prender a atenção do aluno e, desse modo, consegue uma melhor transmissão dos conceitos, tornando o processo ensino-aprendizagem uma tarefa prazerosa para todos os envolvidos. Estas abordagens devem seguir o aluno desde o ensino básico até a pós-graduação, sendo que uma atenção maior deve ser dada ao ensino médio, pois é nesse período que se inicia a preparação para o ingresso na Universidade. O objetivo deste projeto foi elaborar um material didático de apoio ao ensino de ciências biológicas na forma de um jogo de cartas, disponibilizando dessa forma uma ferramenta mais eficaz e motivadora para transmitir os conceitos básicos. O jogo consiste em um baralho com 56 cartas, contendo uma imagem relacionada à área de biologia e uma informação relevante sobre ela, além de uma pontuação de ataque e defesa, que serve como atrativo para o aluno. O jogo pode ser utilizado por duas ou mais pessoas, além da possibilidade de jogar em equipes, o que auxilia na interação entre professores e alunos.
Estudo da influencia da matéria prima em produtos tixoconformados por prensa pneumática
Authors: Gatamorta Fabio , Boas Bruna Vilas
Published: July 2017

As propriedades mecânicas e metalúrgicas de um material dependem de vários fatores ligados ao processo de fabricação utilizado. Do mesmo modo, as características finais de um produto não são imutáveis e a melhoria de sua qualidade ganha interesse pela competitividade que ocorre entre os meios produtivos fazendo com que a compreensão sobre suas transformações nos processos seja um fator decisivo. O conhecimento sobre o método empregado e o resultado final é fundamental e por isso este trabalho tem como objetivo o estudo do processo de conformação da liga AA2024 no estado semissólido fazendo uso de uma prensa pneumática. O material foi conformado por tixoconformação em uma prensa desenvolvida em conjunto com um sistema matriz-punção. A matéria-prima foi inicialmente caracterizada quanto à suas propriedades de resistência à tração e dureza e posteriormente foi realizado um estudo de tixoabilidade. Foram produzidas amostras tixoconformadas e os produtos obtidos foram caracterizados mecanicamente. Os resultados foram analisados estatisticamente e comparados com o do material comercial laminado e tratado mostrando uma redução de 25% na propriedade mecânica de dureza e uma diminuição de 45% nos valores de limite de escoamento no material tixoforjado comparados ao material laminado e tratado comercial. O uso da prensa pneumática se mostrou adequado ao processo de fabricação mesmo com baixos valores de força empregados
Sistema de carga e sincronização de docentes e alunos no google classroom
Authors: Romani Roberto , Cardozo Ricardo Monteiro Cruz
Published: July 2017

O objetivo específico do sistema é automatizar o processo de criação de disciplinas de graduação e pós-graduação e também gerenciar os professores e alunos na ferramenta Google Sala de Aula (Classroom) do domínio g.unicamp.br. O sistema não desativa o processo manual de criação de disciplinas do Classroom entretanto, tal processo necessita que o professor envie convites individuais para cada aluno a fim que eles ingressem em uma sala de aula virtual. Com a automação, quem recebe o convite é o docente responsável pela disciplina que ao aceita-lo já cria a sala de aula virtual com todos os alunos automaticamente cadastrados. Isso é possível graças a interface existente entre o GGTE e a DAC. O Objetivo principal desse trabalho é incentivar o uso de tecnologias educacionais nos cursos de graduação e pós-graduação da Unicamp. Foi utilizada a API do Classroom para a codificação do sincronizador na linguagem JAVA. Essa atividade teve início após a adesão oficial da Unicamp ao programa Google Apps for Education em 30 de novembro de 2015. Apenas duas pessoas foram envolvidas diretamente na implementação desse sistema que potencialmente beneficiará a todos os docentes e alunos da Unicamp a partir do segundo semestre de 2016. Neste trabalho apresentaremos em linhas gerais, como foi implementado o sincronizador e como será seu funcionamento tanto por parte dos docentes quanto dos alunos da Unicamp.
Seletividade da rede malhadeira na captura de Hemiodus unimaculatus no baixo Rio Tocantins, Amazônia, Brasil
Authors: MARTINS Jeronimo Carvalho , CINTRA Israel Hidenburgo Aniceto , SARPEDONTI Valérie
Published: July 2017

O objetivo da pesquisa foi determinar as curvas de seletividade das redes que capturam a jatuarana-escama-grossa, Hemiodus unimaculatus (Bloch, 1794), uma das espécies de peixe mais desembarcadas na área de influência do reservatório de Tucuruí­­, rio Tocantins, Pará. O local de estudo corresponde í­Â  área localizada a montante da barragem da Usina Hidrelétrica de Tucuruí­­. As coletas foram efetuadas trimestralmente nos anos de 2001, 2003, 2005, 2006 e 2007 e semestralmente nos anos de 2002 e 2004, em cinco locais do reservatório e dois a montante, utilizando bateria de redes de emalhar de 50 m de comprimento e 3 m de altura, com malhas de 40, 60 e 80 mm entre nós opostos. A seletividade das redes foi determinada por meio da construção de curvas de seleção, que evidenciaram ser a malha de 60 mm a mais indicada para a pesca, considerando a captura de 50% de indiví­­duos adultos.
An e-key database system for finfish identification: its design, implementation and utility
Authors: Pathak Ajey Kumar , Singh Shri Prakash , Chaturvedi Reeta
Published: July 2017

electronic keys. Electronic keys of fin formula and other 11 distinguishing characters described for Indian finfishes were prepared and the rule based database approach was implemented to develop the system. In addition to identification, the system provides information on taxonomy and distribution along with photographs of the identified finfish species. The system was built by applying Microsoft Access database and Visual Basic technologies for the Windows platform. The system is interactive to the user through windows components and possesses the ability to correctly identify 837 finfish species belonging to 24 orders and 105 families from fresh (602), brackish (242) and marine waters (323). Out of 837, 83 fishes are common inboth brackish and marine waters. The electronic keys provide the ability to identify any finfish species and provide complete information about the fish species. The system is presently available on Compact Disk (CD) and it was developed assuming the minimum computing (Hardware and Software) resources available to the end users.
Effect of fermentation methods on amino acids, fiber fractions and anti nutritional factors in different plant protein sources and essential amino acid index for Penaeus (Litopenaeus) vannamei
Authors: Jannathulla R. , Dayal J. Syama , Vasanthakumar D. , Ambasankar K. , Muralidhar M.
Published: July 2017

The incorporation of plant protein sources in shrimp feed is limited due to unbalanced amino acids and higher anti-nutrients. In the present study, soybean meal (SBM), groundnut oil cake (GNC), rapeseed meal (RSM), sunflower oil cake (SFC) and guar meal (GRM) were subjected to natural, bacterial, fungal and yeast fermentation methods. The essential amino acid contents were increased by 4-28% in SBM, 7-26% in GNC, 3-27% in RSM, 8-18% in SFC and 4-14% in GRM. The increase was better for lysine with fungal fermentation (2.31-4.01%). The improvement in other limiting amino acids viz., methionine and tryptophan also showed positive response to fermentation. The analytical results showed improved essential amino acid index (EAAI) in the fermented ingredients and the increase was better with RSM (0.82 to 0.92) using Aspergillus niger. Fiber fractions were reduced (p<0.05) in fungal and yeast treated samples but not due to natural or bacterial fermentation. The reduction of cellulose and hemicellulose was not only influenced by the inoculum but also on the ingredient used. The reduction of anti-nutrients (p<0.05) such as trypsin inhibitor, phytic acid, saponin, tannin, glucosinolate and guar gum were found to be lower in natural fermentation than other methods. The results indicated that fungal fermentation is more suitable for improving the nutritional quality of plant protein sources and this data will pave way for higher fishmeal replacement in shrimp feed formulations.
Assessment of skill gap and factors influencing career choice among fisheries graduates in India
Authors: Green Sea K. , Krishnan M. , Saravanakumar V. , Prakash Swadesh , Ananthan P. S. , Qureshi Neha
Published: July 2017

The paper reports the result of an assessment of career choice among fisheries graduates and skill gap between expectations of employers employees in India. Qualitative and quantitative data were collected from the fisheries students (employees) and employers through survey. The results revealed that there are differences between factors influencing career choice of males and females with reference to two factors namely, previous job experience and family status. The employers employees survey revealed that there exists a gap in technical skills which should be given focus to increase competency among employees to match the expectations of the employer. There is an indication of emerging demand for fisheries professionals to cater the needs of employers in fisheries sector.
Vulnerability index and climate change: An analysis for in Cuddalore district Cuddalore District of Tamil Nadu
Authors: Geetha R. , Joe Kizhakudan Shoba , Divipala Indira , Salim Shyam S. , Zacharia P. U.
Published: July 2017

Erratic monsoon and extreme climatic events cause considerable damages to life and property of the fishers in the country. Cuddalore District has been the worst affected of all districts in Tamil Nadu, in the recent past with the tsunami in 2004, cyclone Thane in 2011 and cyclone Neelam in 2012 creating a detrimental impact on coastal communities and their activities, particularly fishing. This in turn has affected their livelihood to a great extent. This coastal zone is largely low-lying with gentle slope, thus making it highly vulnerable to climate related changes. The vulnerability of this region to climate change and its devastating effects necessitates identifying vulnerability indices to assist in developing proactive policies by local government bodies in better disaster management. The vulnerability index of ten coastal villages of Cuddalore District was computed using Parameter, Attribute, Resilient indicator and Score (PARS) method. The study showed that the Cuddalore coast is highly vulnerable to climate change and related sea level rise. The villages of Pettodai, Reddiarpettai and Sothikuppam of Cuddalore District were identiﬁed as most vulnerable. The outcome of this study will be of use in the protection of coastal livelihoods and planning better adaptation policies and mitigation plans.
Farmer participatory pond based cage aquaculture for raising fish seed in South Garo Hills, Meghalaya, India
Authors: Das S. K. , Samajdar T. , Das Amit , Islam M.
Published: July 2017

Fingerling sized fish seeds are always in great demand for any type of aquaculture operations. The paper highlights the results of a maiden study undertaken to popularise pond based cage culture for raising fingerling sized fish seed aimed at stocking quality fish fingerlings for augmenting fish production in the Garo Hills of Meghalaya. A farmer participatory study was undertaken for raising fry to fingerling sized fish seeds of 3 fish species viz., silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix), gonius (Labeo gonius) and common carp (Cyprinus carpio) in pond based cages during September-November 2011. Fry sized fishes of these species were reared in locally made bamboo-net cages (2 x 1.5 x 2 m) at different stocking densities. The primary objective was to increase the survival rate and observe the comparative growth rate of different species under varied stocking densities. A total of 18 cages were grouped under 3 stocking densities viz., 150, 250 and 300 fry m-3. Highest survival rate was observed at a stocking density of 150 fry m-3 for all the three species. Among the three species, silver carp demonstrated the highest survival rate at all the stocking densities. In terms of growth, better performance was observed with stocking density of 250 fry m-3 for all species.
Use of phytase at graded levels for improving nutrient digestibility, growth and hematology of Catla catla fingerlings fed Moringa oleifera seed meal (MOSM) based diet
Authors: Hussain Syed Makhdoom , Shahzad Muhammad Mudassar , Aslam Nosheen , Javid Arshad , Hussain Abdullah Ijaz , Hussain Majid , Arsalan Muhammad Zubair-ul-Hassan
Published: July 2017

Present research work was conducted to evaluate the effect of phytase supplementation on nutrient digestibility, growth performance and hematological indices of Catla catla (Hamilton, 1822) fingerlings fed Moringa oleifera seed meal (MOSM) based diet. Existence of phytate in plant byproducts decreases the bioavailability of nutrients to fish, resulting in low nutrients availability, poor fish growth and hematological indices in fish body. Moringa byproducts such as M. oleifera seed meal (MOSM) was used as test ingredient to formulate experimental diet. Experimental diet was divided into six test diets and were supplemented with graded levels (0, 300, 600, 900, 1200 and 1500 FTU kg-1) of phytase. The fingerlings were fed at the rate of 4% of live wet weight twice a day in V-shaped indoor tanks. Phytase supplementation showed significant (p<0.05) improvement in bioavailability of nutrients, growth indices and hematological parameters. Results showed that maximum growth performance, digestibility of nutrients and improved hematological values of C. catla fingerlings were noted at 900 FTU kg-1 level of phytase supplementation in MOSM based test diet. It was concluded that phytase supplementation at 900 FTU kg-1 level was helpful to develop an eco friendly and cost effective fish feed incorparating moringa seed meal.
Haematological responses of the Indian major carp Labeo rohita to Saprolegniasis
Authors: Debnath Chandan , Das Basanta Kumar , Sahoo Lopamudra
Published: July 2017

Saprolegniasis (cotton wool disease), due to infestation by Saprolegnia parasitica, is a major fungal disease in fish. Present study was conducted in the Indian major carps, rohu, Labeo rohita (Hamilton, 1822). Fingerlings of rohu (10.5±2.2 g) were artificially infected with the fungal parasite S. parasitica via injection (T1), cohabitation (T2) as well as immersion (T3) and compared with a control group (T0) with no infection. Blood samples were collected at 15 days interval over a period of 45 days and analysed for haematological parameters. Haemoglobin level in infected fish was lower (p≤0.05) than non-infected fish on 15, 30 and 45 days post-infection (dpi) except in cohabited fish on 45 dpi. Total erythrocyte count (TEC) in infected fish was lower (p≤0.05) than non-infected fish on 15, 30 and 45 dpi. Total leucocyte count (TLC) was higher (p≤0.05) in infected fish on 15 dpi; however no difference (p≥0.05) was noticed on 30 dpi. TLC in injected group was higher (p≤0.05) than control group on 45 dpi. Haematocrit (Hct), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) and leucocrit (Lct) values in infected group were lower (p≤0.05) than control group. There was no difference (p≥0.05) in mortality among the groups on 15 dpi; however, on 30 and 45 dpi, the group subjected to immersion exposure recorded highest mortality followed by injected and cohabitated groups. Varying degrees of histological alterations were observed in the tissues due to the fungal infestation. The results indicated that S. parasitica significantly altererd the blood profile of infected rohu leading to 45-50% mortality. Therefore appropriate management measures need to be adopted for preventing infestation by S. parasitica in carp culture systems for realising sustainable fish production.
Surveillance for infectious myonecrosis virus in Indian shrimp aquaculture
Authors: Shyam K. U. , Jeena K. , PaniPrasad Kurcheti , Rathore Gaurav , Tripathi Gayatri
Published: July 2017

Disease surveillance programmes provide information on diseases that mitigate aquaculture production. Infectious myonecrosis virus (IMNV) has emerged recently as one of the OIE (Office International des Epizooties), the World Organisation for Animal Health listed viral diseases in penaeid shrimps, caused by dsRNA virus. The present study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of IMNV along the Indian coastal states. Samples of the Pacific whiteleg shrimp Penaeus vannamei and the green tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon were collected from 21 randomly selected active shrimp farms located along the coast using a risk-based two stage random sampling survey. Screening of the sampled shrimps based on nested RT-PCR diagnostic tool, did not detect IMNV in any of the samples examined indicating absence of IMN or IMNV incidence in shrimp aquaculture along Indian coastal states.
Tribenuron methyl exposure inhibits oogenesis in zebrafish Danio rerio (Hamilton, 1822)
Authors: Akbulut C. , Ozturk B. , Uzun A. , Yon N. D.
Published: July 2017

Tribenuron methyl is a herbicide that is used to control annual and perennial dicots in cereals and fallow land. Pesticides can access aquatic ecosystems via groundwater and affect water quality and aquatic life. Our study evaluated histopathological effects of tribenuron methyl on ovary of the zebrafish Danio rerio (Hamilton, 1822). Ovary of the fishes in control group not exposed to the herbicide showed normal histological architecture. In the fishes exposed to tribenuron methyl, vacuolisation, edema and dysmorphism were recorded. Significant decrease in the number of primary and mature oocytes as well as dose dependent increase in the number of atretic oocytes were recorded in fishes exposed to tribenuron methyl.
Patient’s Perception on Adverse Drug Reaction of Tuberculosis Treatment in a Teaching Hospital
Authors: Rehman Fazlu , Ravindra N. , Rao A Srinivasa , Hasan Ashfaq , Raoof M. A.
Published: July 2017

Tuberculosis is a life- threatening infectious disease which still account to a mortality rate in India. The situation in the country is worsening every year, although there has been a significant advancement in the treatment approaches for tuberculosis. The occurrence of Adverse Drug Reaction (ADR) of tuberculosis is one of the challenges in our effort to control the disease complications. The aim of the study was to assess the Patient's Perception on emergence of Adverse Drug Reactions of tuberculosis in Pulmonology Department of teaching Hospital.
An assessment of nutrient dynamics in streambank soils of the Lower Little Bow River in southern Alberta using ion exchange membranes
Authors: Miller J. J. , Bremer E. , Curtis T. , Chanasyk D. S.
Published: July 2017

Nutrient dynamics in streambanks may impact nutrient movement to water, and may be influenced by cattle activity, river water level fluctuations, and time. Our objective was to determine the influence of these factors on nutrient (NO3-N, P, S, Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, Ca, Mg) dynamics in streambanks along the Lower Little Bow River in southern Alberta using Plant Root Simulator or PRS® probes. Three experiments were conducted from 2012 to 2015. In the first experiment, few significant (P ≤ 0.05) effects were found among three reaches varying in cattle impact except for Fe and Mn, which generally increased with increasing cattle impact. In the second experiment (probe placement), adsorption of P, Fe, Mn, S, Ca, and Mg was significantly greater for submerged than exposed streambanks, and the opposite trend occurred for Cu and Zn. In the third experiment on the influence of probe burial periods from 0.2 to 14 days, maximum nutrient adsorption generally occurred within 1 to 7 days, and S adsorption showed an exponential increase with time. Overall, few cattle impact effects were found on nutrient dynamics, certain nutrients were greater in submerged than exposed banks, and 7-day burial of PRS probes was sufficient to assess nutrient dynamics.
Towards optimised and reconstructable sampling inspection of pipe integrity for improved efficiency of non-destructive testing
Authors: Shi Lei , Miro Jaime Valls
Published: July 2017

This work proposes a sampling inspection framework for point measurement non-destructive testing of pipelines to improve its time and cost efficiencies. Remaining pipe wall thickness data from limited dense inspection are modelled with spatial statistics approaches. The spatial dependence in the available data and some subjective requirements provide a reference for selecting a most efficient sampling inspection scheme. With the learned model and the selected sampling scheme, the effort of inspecting the residual part of the same pipeline or cohort will be significantly reduced from dense inspection to sampling inspection, and the full information can be reconstructed from samples while maintaining a reasonable accuracy. The recovered thickness map can be used as an equivalent measure to the dense inspection for subsequent structural analysis for failure risk estimation or remaining life assessment.
Evaluation of virus recovery methods and efficiency of tannin-derived coagulants in removing total coliforms, E. coli and enteric viruses in effluents of a domestic sewage treatment plant
Authors: Fabres Rafael Bandeira , da Luz Roger Bordin , Soliman Mayra Cristina , Staggemeier Rodrigo , Fleck Juliane Deise , Nascimento Carlos Augusto do , Nascimento Felipe Tiago do , Spilki Fernando Rosado
Published: July 2017

In the present study, nine coagulants having potential to be used for sewage treatment were compared to assess their efficiency in removing total coliform bacteria, Escherichia coli and adenovirus. The coagulants tested were metallic and organic and their efficiency was compared when treating samples of raw and treated sewage (activated sludge). Before the efficiency tests of the coagulants, viral concentration methods were compared. Coagulation tests were carried out by using the jar-test system and the doses used ranged from 100 ppm to 1,000 ppm. Viral DNA was extracted and subjected to real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) using primers for the gene of AdV hexon. Aluminum sulfate (1,000 ppm) presented the best results for raw sewage among metal coagulants whereas Acquapol® C118 and WW (1,000 ppm) had the most satisfactory results among organic coagulants, both reducing up to 7 logs for coliforms and 4 logs for virus. For the treated effluent, FeCl2 (1,000 ppm) presented best results for metal coagulants, whereas, from organic coagulants, the best removal rates were for Acquapol® 893/11 (1,000 ppm), both reducing up to 3 logs for coliforms and 4 logs for virus.
Surface water polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in urban areas of Nanjing, China
Authors: Wang Chunhui , Zhou Shenglu , Wu Shaohua , Song Jing , Shi Yaxing , Li Baojie , Chen Hao
Published: July 2017

The concentration, sources and environmental risks of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in surface water in urban areas of Nanjing were investigated. The range of ∑16PAHs concentration is between 4,076 and 29,455 ng/L, with a mean of 17,212 ng/L. The composition of PAHs indicated that 2- and 3-ring PAHs have the highest proportion in all PAHs, while the 5- and 6-ring PAHs were the least in proportion. By diagnostic ratio analysis, combustion and petroleum were a mixture input that contributed to the water PAH in urban areas of Nanjing. Positive matrix factorization quantitatively identified four factors, including coke oven, coal combustion, oil source, and vehicle emission, as the main sources. Toxic equivalency factors of BaP (BaPeq) evaluate the environmental risks of PAHs and indicate the PAH concentration in surface water in urban areas of Nanjing had been polluted and might cause potential environmental risks. Therefore, the PAH contamination in surface water in urban areas of Nanjing should draw considerable attention.
Medición de la adherencia al lavado de manos, según los cinco momentos de la OMS
Authors: Villegas-Arenas Oscar Alberto , Gómez Jaime , Uriel-López Jorge , Román Richard Nelson , Villa Jazmín Eliana , Botero Jéssica , García Nathalia
Published: July 2017

El contacto con objetos y personas en el entorno hospitalario, favorece la propagación de gérmenes que amenazan a los pacientes, así que lavarse las manos previene infecciones. Se midió la adherencia al lavado de manos en funcionarios asistenciales según los cinco momentos de la higiene de las manos de la OMS. Estudio transversal y cuantitativo, que evaluó la adherencia al lavado de las manos en personal ambulatorio y de urgencias de Assbasalud ESE y el impacto después de recibir capacitación. Se realizó en tres fases: Precapacitación, capacitación y poscapacitación. Fueron 128 colaboradores en 9 sedes. El Comité de Calidad de la IPS dió el aval. Se tuvieron en cuenta las etapas de la higiene de manos, el uso de esmaltes, joyas y la pertinencia de las sustancias empleadas para la asepsia. La adherencia obtenida al lavado de manos en la 1ª fase fue 61,8% y para la 2ª del 78,3%; resultados positivos con relación a estudios internacionales. Se concluye que el lavado de las manos, valorada en 78,3% durante el cuarto trimestre de 2013, es una excelente estrategia para prevenir infecciones hospitalarias.
Neuroimaging methods in Epilepsy of Temporal Origin
Authors: Tsougos Ioannis , Kousi Evanthia , Georgoulias Panagiotis , Kapsalaki Eftychia , Fountas Kostas N.
Published: July 2017

Background:

Temporal Lobe Epilepsy (TLE) comprises the most common form of symptomatic refractory focal epilepsy in adults. Accurate lateralization and localization of the epileptogenic focus are a significant prerequisite for determining surgical candidacy once the patient has been deemed medically intractable. Structural MR imaging, clinical, electrophysiological, and neurophysiological data have an established role in the localization of the epileptogenic foci. Nevertheless, hippocampal sclerosis cannot be detected on MR images in more than 30% of patients with TLE, and the presurgical assessment remains controversial.  Discussion: In the last years, advanced MR imaging techniques, such as 1H-MRS, DWI, DTI, DSCI, and fMRI, may provide valuable additional information regarding the physiological and metabolic characterization of brain tissue. MR imaging has shifted towards functional and molecular imaging, thus, promising to improve the accuracy regarding the lateralization and the localization of the epileptogenic focus. Additionally, nuclear medicine studies, such as SPECT and PET imaging modalities, have become an asset for the decoding of brain function and activity, and can be diagnostically helpful as well, since they provide valuable data regarding the altered metabolic activity of the seizure foci.

Conclusion:

Overall, advanced MRI, SPECT, and PET imaging techniques are increasingly becoming an essential part of TLE diagnostics, when the epileptogenic area is not identified on structural MRI or when structural MRI, clinical, and electrophysiological findings are not in concordance.
Preparation and Characterization of Copper Oxide Nanoparticles Through Solid State Thermal Decomposition of an Aqua Nitrato Copper(II) Complex with a Tridentate Schiff-base Ligand as a New Precursor
Authors: Monadi Niaz , Saeednia Samira , Iranmanesh Parvaneh , Ardakani Mehdi H. , Sinaei Samira
Published: July 2017

Introduction:

In this study the synthesis and characterization of copper oxide nanoparticles
via solid state thermal decomposition of a recently synthesized aqua nitrato copper(II) complex with a
tridentate Schiff-base ligand (1) as a new precursor are reported.

Materials & Methods:

The copper complexes were obtained by sonochemical and solvothermal process
and characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-ray powder Diffraction (XRD) and
FT-IR spectroscopy. The thermal stability of compound (1) was studied by Thermogravimetric Analysis
(TGA). The amount of initial reagents and the role of reaction time on size and morphology of
nanostructure compound (1) were studied. CuO nanoparticles were simply synthesized at 500 oC under
air atmosphere.

Results & Conclusion:

The diameter of CuO nanoparticles was estimated to be about 200 and 30 nm
from copper complex precursor obtained by sonochemical and solvothermal methods respectively.
Pengembangan Kapasitas Manajemen Sekolah dalam Membangun Pemahaman Visi dan Misi
Authors: Sukaningtyas Dwi
Published: July 2017

Visi dan misi merupakan tujuan akhir, yang menjadi pedoman bagi aktivitas sekolah dan dapat difungsikan sebagai dasar kekuatan mutu layanan ke peserta didik. Namun, banyak sekolah hanya menjadikan visi dan misi sekadar “ada”, tetapi tidak menjadi pedoman yang bermakna bagi penyelenggaraan pendidikan. Sekolah hanya melaksanakan rutinitas tanpa tahu makna dari pelaksanaannya. Bagaimana sekolah mengembangkan kapasitas manajemendalam membangun pemahaman visi misinya? Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan dan menganalisis kapasitas manajemen sekolah dalam membangun pemahaman visi misi. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan studi kasus. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah wawancara, observasi lapangan, dan studi dokumen/artifact. Uji keabsahan data dilakukan dengan kredibilitas, transferabilitas, dependabilitas, dan konfirmabilitas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sekolah yang membangun pemahaman visi misi berdasar nilai-nilai luhur pendiri lebih memiliki dasar kuat untuk pengembangan. Kata kunci : visi, misi, kapasitas manajemen sekolah The vision and mission is the ultimate goal, which serve as guidelines for school activities and can be used as the basis of the strength of the quality of service to learners. However, in many schools, the vision mission just "exist" but not be the meaningful guidelines for the implementation of education. The schools just execute school routines without knowing the meaning of the implementation. How is the capacity of school management in building understanding of the vision and mission? The goal of the research is to describe and analyze the capacity of school management in building understanding the vision and mission. This study used a qualitative approach with case studies. Data collection methods used are interviews, observation, and study of the documents/artifacts. The validity of the data is done with credibility, transferability, dependability, and confirmability. The results shows that schools which establish vision and mission based on noble values of the founders have strong base for the development. Key word : vision, mission, the capacity of school management
THE ISOLATION OF COMPOUND POLYPHENOL FROM WAJO DISTRICT CACAO BEAN AND CACAO WASTE THROUGH FERMENTATION PROCESS
Authors: Wijaya Muhammad , Wiharto Muhammad
Published: July 2017

This research aims to utilize the liquid smoke, charcoal, oil and gas that have been produced from cocoa waste shell from fast pyrolysis technology at 125-500 oC. The charcoal of the cocoa waste was analyzed using a bomb calorimeter at 5925 cal/g showed that it contains 52.02% of lignin; 17.27% of alpha cellulose and 19.56% of hemicellulose, respectively. The HPLC analysis of Wajo district cacao bean resulted in polyphenol compound as 308.35. GC-MS analysis of cocoa shell liquid smoke that pyrolized at 125-500 oC produces severals compounds such as acetic acid, n-buthane, methyl esther, propanoac acid, butanoac acid, methyl pyridine, 1-hydroxy-2-propanone, and mequinol. The FTIR analysis of cocoa bean showed a hydroxyl group at 3450.65 cm-1, carbonyl group at 1730.15 cm-1, CH group at 719.45-607.58 cm-1. The crystallinity degree of Wajo District cocoa shell analyzed using XRD was 26,50%. The existence of chemical compounds in liquid smoke products have been found as raw chemicals.  Content of biomass carbon at these cacao waste increased according to the increase of pyrolisis temperature, while the carbon emission of these three materials decreased as the temperature increased. Compound polyphenol from cacao bean has a potent as anti oxidant that is friendly  for environmental and healthy. Keywords: cacao  bean, fermentation,  polyphenol,  and  chemical
PENYIMPANGAN TEORI BROWN DAN LEVINSON DALAM TINDAK TUTUR PESERTA TALK SHOW INDONESIA LAWYERS CLUB (ILC) DI TV ONE DAN RELEVANSINYA TERHADAP PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA DI SMA
Authors: Muslim Bukhori
Published: July 2017

Abstract
This research purpose to describe forms of deviation Brown and Levinson's theory of politeness in speech act participant Indonesia Lawyers Club on TV One and its relevance to the Indonesian language learning in high school. The theory is used to solve the problem in this research is the pragmatic theory. While the approach used is descriptive qualitative approach with data collection technique is a technique of documentation and observation. The results showed that the forms of deviations Brown and Levinson's theory of politeness that occur in the speech act participant Indonesia Lawyers Club edition of May 27, 2014 and 7 April 2015 consisted of threatening the positive face and negative face threats. Participants utterances that threaten positive face expression covers complaints, charges, disapproval, criticism, expressions that do not koopratif, embarrass opponents said, and words taboo. While the band is used in the expression of negative advance threatening the expression of rejection, suggestions, advice, requests, prohibitions, promises and praise. Types of speech acts band is used that speech acts directive, declarative, expressive, and refresentatif. Meanwhile, the offense Brown and Levinson’s theory in speech acts ILC participants more based on an awareness for justice, self-defense, solidarity groups, power, recognition of self and groups, law enforcement, the fight against corruption and advocacy on behalf of the people. Relevance of the research results can be applied in learning Indonesian in class XI SMA second half, KD 9. 2 with the subject matter by providing comments on the discussion.
TINDAK TUTUR NGGAHI PANATI DALAM PROSESI LAMARAN PERNIKAHAN ADAT BIMA: SUATU KAJIAN PRAGMATIK SERTA IMPLIKASINYA DALAM PEMBELAJARAN MULOK DI SEKOLAH
Authors: Irham Irham
Published: July 2017

Abstract
There are three aspects of the meaningfulness of speech acts Nggahi Panati in procession Bima customary marriage proposal, namely the form of speech acts, cooperation aspects, and aspects of politeness. This study aims to determine the significance of the speech act in a procession Nggahi Panati Bima customary marriage proposal and its implications for the learning of local content in local language school. The results showed that the form of speech act category Nggahi Panati representative (states, states, and reporting), categorized directive (beg, ask, and urge), expressive category (praise, laud, and grateful), category commissive (promise and declare readiness ), and categorized declarative (grant and decide). The study concluded also that aspects of cooperation and aspects of speech acts Nggahi Panati in politeness very considered and prioritized by the speaker and hearer in speaking. In addition to the use of idioms, speaker and hearer using rhymes and language metaphor anyway.
TELAAH BUKU TEKS PEGANGAN GURU DAN SISWA PADA MATA PELAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA KELAS VII BERBASIS KURIKULUM 2013
Authors: Asri Sahrul sahrul
Published: July 2017

ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kualitas buku teks pegangan guru dan pegangan siswa “Bahasa Indonesia: Wahana Pengetahuan” kelas VII. Salah satu aspek yang memiliki peranan penting dalam pembelajaran di sekolah adalah keberadaan buku teks pelajaran. Dalam hal ini, kualitas buku teks pelajaran yang dijadikan sumber pembelajaran turut menentukan hasil pencapaian tujuan pembelajaran. Pengabaian telaah buku teks berarti mengabaikan mutu pembelajaran juga. Telah banyak diberitakan pada media massa mengenai kasus buku teks yang mencoreng dunia pendidikan khususnya pada jenjang pendidikan dasar. Salah satu kebijakan pemerintah dalam implementasi kurikulum 2013 adalah penggunaan buku pegangan siswa dan dilengkapi oleh buku pegangan guru. Buku tersebut disusun dan didistribusikan oleh pemerintah pusat. Penyusunan buku teks tersebut diduga kurang maksimal akibat terburu-burunya penerapan kurikulum 2013. Pendekatan pada penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Data dalam penelitian ini adalah terkait kualitas, keterbacaan, dan keselarasan buku teks. Data bersumber dari buku teks pegangan guru dan siswa BIWP kelas VII. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui teknik wawancara dan dokumentasi. Sedangkan teknik penganalisisan data menggunakan teknik analisis isi melalui coding, klasifikasi, dan deskripsi. Berdasarkan telaah yang telah dilakukan, hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kualitas buku teks pegangan guru dan buku teks pegangan siswa termasuk pada kategori cukup. Hal ini disebabkan karena terdapat beberapa komponen/subkomponen yang tidak memenuhi standar sebagaimana yang telah ditetapkan oleh BSNP.

Kata kunci: telaah, buku teks guru, buku teks siswa, kurikulum 2013
KAJIAN BENTUK, FUNGSI, DAN MAKNA UNGKAPAN TRADISIONAL WACANA SORONG SERAH AJI KRAMA DI KABUPATEN LOMBOK BARAT DAN RELEVANSINYA DALAM PEMBELAJARAN MULOK DI SMP
Authors: Sihwatik Sihwatik
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Sorong Serah Ajikrama text is a traditional idiom which is threathened with extinction. This is caused some factors, one of them because of the influence of globalization era and the high of technology. To prevent this condition, it needs an effort to preserve its. The aim of this traditional idiom description consist of form,function and meaning at west Lombok.the structural theory or function theory and semioyic theory which are released by some experts.The kind of this research is qualitative research. It explines the form, function, meaning and the steps in creating the learning matter in Junior High School (SMP). The description is done based on the numbers of traditional idiom of sorong serah ajikrama text in the whole Lombok Island (Sasaknesh) in general and specifically at West lombok. The method of this reserach is literature study and field study,interview, observation and recording. The result of this research will be useful for upgrading and adding the knowledge, as a reference for the other researchers whose relevance to this research.
Prediction of the windage heating effect in steam turbine labyrinth seals
Authors: Hecker Simon , Penkner Andreas , Pfeiffer Jens , Glos Stefan , Musch Christian
Published: July 2017

Today’s steam turbine power plants are designed for highest steam inlet temperatures up to 620°C to maximize thermal efficiency. This leads to elevated thermal stresses in rotors and casings of the turbines. Hence, temperature distributions of the components have to be predicted with highest accuracy at various load points in the design process to assure reliable operation and long life time. This paper describes the windage heating effect in full labyrinth seals used in steam turbines. An analytical approach is presented, based on CFD simulations, to predict the resulting steam temperatures. A broad application range from very low to highest Reynolds numbers representing different turbine operation conditions from partial to full load is addressed. The effect of varying Reynolds number on the flow friction behaviour is captured by using an analogy to the flow over a flat plate. Additionally, the impact of different labyrinth geometries on the friction coefficient is evaluated with the help of more than 100 CFD simulations. A meta-model is derived from the numerical results. Finally, the analytical windage heating model is validated against measurements. The presented approach is a fast and reliable method to find the best performing labyrinth geometries with lowest windage effects, i.e. lowest steam temperatures.