bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SISTEMA AUTÔNOMO DE IRRIGAÇÃO BASEADO NA UMIDADE DO SOLO
Authors: SOLDÁ Elias Naves , BOTURA Gabriel Toninatto , MACHADO Danilo Agostini , CODINHOTO José Paulo , ESTREMOTE Marcos Antonio
Published: December 2023

A irregularidade das chuvas é um problema que assola os produtores de hortaliças. Uma das formas de contornar tal adversidade é a utilização de sistema de irrigação. A irrigação feita de forma adequada faz o gerenciamento do uso da água e traz inúmeros benefícios, como, redução dos gastos hídricos, gastos com mão de obra empenhada na irrigação e produtividade. Assim, propõe um sistema autônomo de irrigação para a cultura de hortaliças para melhorar a eficiência dos recursos hídricos. Para o desenvolvimento do sistema autônomo de irrigação, foi utilizado o Kit de desenvolvimento Arduino com central de processamento, válvula solenoide para controle de vazão, sensores de unidade, temperatura e luminosidade (LDR) para instrumentação do sistema. Adicionalmente, foram utilizados dois hidrômetros, instrumento de medição volumétrica de água, instalados na linha de irrigação da horta para uma avaliação mais precisa do experimento. O protótipo desenvolvido foi testado no Sítio Bela Vista no município de Nova Canaã Paulista.  Os dados avaliados foram coletados ao fim do ciclo de produção da produção de hortaliças, totalizando 35 dias para a produção. Os resultados mostram que, com a ajuda do equipamento automatizado de irrigação. os produtores podem manter a umidade do solo em níveis adequados, garantindo uma produção de melhor qualidade.
 
STAND-ALONE IRRIGATION SYSTEM BASED ON SOIL MOISTURE
 
ABSTRACT
Irregular rainfall is a problem that plagues vegetable producers. One of the ways to overcome such adversity is the use of an irrigation system. When done properly it is highly beneficial since it manages water use and reduces the costs of water and labor consumed by irrigation and productivity. We developed an autonomous irrigation system for vegetable crops to improve water resources’ efficiency. An Arduino Development Kit was used with a processing center, solenoid valve for flow control, unit, temperature, and luminosity (LDR) sensors for system instrumentation. In addition, two water meters and a volumetric water measurement instrument were installed in the irrigation line of the garden for a more accurate evaluation of the experiment. The prototype developed was tested at Sítio Bela Vista, in the municipality of Nova Canaã Paulista.  Analyzed data were collected at the end of the vegetable production cycle, totaling 35 production days. The results show that growers can, aided by our automated irrigation equipment, maintain soil moisture at adequate levels, ensuring better production quality.
 
Keywords: Irrigation. C/C++ Programming Language. Arduino. Sensors.
Formulation development and evaluation of taste-masked Moxifloxacin dispersible tablets for the treatment of pediatric tuberculosis
Authors: Nevle Shyamkant S. , Butle Santosh R.
Published: December 2023

Moxifloxacin (MOX) is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic, a second-line anti-TB drug widely used in the treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR TB) and drug-susceptible TB. MOX have taste and smell issues with low patient compliance, especially in the pediatric population. MOX taste-masked dispersible tablets were developed by direct compression method using mannitol, aspartame as a sweetening agent and lemon flavor as a flavoring agent. The prepared granules were evaluated for flow properties and compressed tablets for hardness, friability, content uniformity, weight variation, DT and in-vitro drug release. Instrumental analysis like FTIR, DSC and XRD was also performed. The flow properties of the granules of batch F6 were found to be excellent based on the results obtained. The weight variation and content uniformity of the tablets was found to be excellent F6 due to the excellent flow properties of the granules. All of the tablets in the study disintegrated between 22 (F6) to 135 seconds (F1), meeting the official requirement (3 minute) for dispersible tablets. The optimized batch showed complete drug release within 10 minutes time period. The FTIR and DSC study found no incompatibility between the drug excipients. The MOX in the final formulation was present in crystalline form, as shown by XRD. The dispersible MOX tablets could be a better option for treating pediatric TB.
SYNTHESIS AND PHARMACOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF FEW 2-(SUBSTITUTED ARYL)-4-(HETEROARYL)-2,3-DIHYDRO-1H-1,5-BENZODIAZEPINE DERIVATIVES
Authors: Jagtap Savita , RISHIPATHAK DINESH , UDAVANT PAVAN , KAKAD AMIT , RAUT HEMANT
Published: December 2023

Benzodiazepines represent a class of privilege scaffold in the modern era of medicinal chemistry as central nervous system active agents. The present work reported synthesis of a series of 2-(substituted aryl)-4-(heteroaryl)-2,3-dihydro-1H-1,5-benzodiazepines. Structural characterization of title compounds was done by using analytical techniques such as IR and 1H-NMR. An acute toxicity study was done to determine the LD50 of the compounds. The compounds were subjected to pharmacological studies to evaluate anticonvulsant potential in mice by strychnine-induced convulsions method. The pharmacological evaluation of the compounds showed an increase in latency (onset time) to induce convulsions and a decrease in convulsions compared to control. The compounds B3, B6 and B8 showed the highest percentage protection as 80% with latency to induce convulsions as 6.46, 6.35 and 6.12 minutes, respectively compared to control at 3 mg/kg. The structural features analysis revealed that the phenyl ring’s second position substituted with halogen, hydroxy group of 2-(substituted phenyl)-4-(furan-2-yl/thiophene-2-yl)-2,3-dihydro-1H-1,5-benzodiazepine enhanced the anticonvulsant potential of the compounds.
Evaluation of In-vitro anti-inflammatory and antibacterial potential of methanolic leaf extracts of Elytranthe parasitica (L.) Danser (Loranthaceae) – A Hemiparasitic Angiosperm
Authors: K P Sharath , Naika Raja
Published: December 2023

Elytranthe parasitica (L.) Danser is a hemiparasitic angiosperm shrub commonly called Macrosolen parasiticus and it is a member of the family Loranthaceae. The members of Loranthaceae are utilized globally in conventional medicine to cure a variety of ailments. The current study aimed to assess the qualitative screening of Elytranthe parasitica for its secondary metabolites and also In-vitro evaluation of anti-inflammatory and antibacterial potential. The fresh leaf samples were collected and extracted with the help of a soxhlet extractor. The in-vitro anti-inflammatory potential was determined by protein denaturation assay and HRBC membrane stabilization assay, and evaluation of antibacterial properties by agar well diffusion assay. The results of the qualitative evaluation of phytoconstituents revealed a wide range of secondary metabolites. The methanolic leaf extracts of Elytranthe parasitic exhibited significant protein denaturation activity of (82.46 ± 1.37)% at 250 µg ml-1 concentration and showed significant membrane stabilization activity (65.57±2.60)% at 500 µg ml-1 concentration. It also shows good membrane stabilizations activity shows considerable antibacterial activity with the maximum inhibition zone against Xanthomonas campestris (18.16±0.44 mm) followed by Escherichia coli (15.33±0.88 mm), Staphylococcus aureus (11.16±0.44), and Salmonella typhi (10.66±0.66 mm) at higher concentrations. To conclude, it was found that Elytranthe parasitica (L.) Danser has a variety of secondary metabolites that have potent anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties based on the experiments carried out.
Controlled Release Matrix Formulation of Paliperidone in Concurrence with Regulatory Requirements
Authors: MAHESHWARI DEEPAK , Detroja Chetan
Published: December 2023

Paliperidone is the 9-hydroxy metabolite (9-hydroxy) of risperidone and is a psychotropic drug of the atypical antipsychotic family. Paliperidone has the racemates (+)- and (-)-paliperidone. It is a dopamine D2 antagonist with serotonergic 5-HT2A antagonistic action that acts centrally. ALZA OROS® osmotic medication release technology is used to create Invega ER tablets. It is a tri-layer longitudinally compressed tablet based on a sophisticated osmotic delivery method that is meant to administer the paliperidone in a defined way over 24 hours. This research aims to create a generic controlled-release single-layer matrix tablet of paliperidone. Different combinations of Polyox and hypromellose in the core were used, followed by coating, to assist/build a stable and strong formulation. All strengths have similar in-vitro dissolution profiles. Freeze formulation was assessed for nitrosamine risk assessment as well as challenge for alcohol dose dumping study. Paliperidone is a basic compound with a pKa1 of 8.2 (piperidine moiety) and a pKa2 of 2.6 (pyrimidine moiety). As a result, a substantial portion of the molecule is ionized at physiological pH. It is relatively insoluble in water (0.003 g/100 mL water at pH 7.4). The solubility decreases at higher pH (0.001 g/100 mL at pH 12.9) and significantly increases at lower pH (3 g/100 mL at pH 5.3). The partition coefficient octanol/water (log P) is 2.39. Hence, discriminating media was identified as pH 2.75 buffer. The Higuchi model was used for expressing the in-vitro release profile through matrix composition. Formulation withstands 0–40% alcoholic conditions under in-vitro release tests. It is easy to formulate, stable and cost-effective. The manufacturing process involves dry blending followed by compression and coating so there will be the least chemical interaction of an active substance with other excipients. Hence, there is a negligible possibility to generate nitrosamine impurity in the formulation. The formulation is classified as rugged against dose dumping.
Anti-dengue Leads From Caesalpinia bonduc - An In Silico Approach
Authors: BIJU Charuvil K. , Lekshmi Radha Kesavan , Sivanandan Sreekumar
Published: December 2023

Dengue (breakbone fever) is a rapidly spreading arboviral infection transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes with major public health implications in more than 100 tropical and subtropical countries mostly in Southeast Asia, South and Central America and the Western Pacific. As the virus spreads to new geographic areas, more frequent dengue outbreaks occur in different parts of the world.  Fifty million cases of dengue occur worldwide each year, of which 10% require hospitalization for dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF). It is a shocking truth that more than 90% of these are children under the age of five. The mortality rate is also significant as 2.5% die from dengue. Currently there is no effective vaccine or specific drug for Dengue/DHF. Pharmaceutical manufacturers have turned their attention to plant-based drug candidates to produce effective drugs. Following this the present study investigated the active phytochemicals present in the medicinal plant Caesalpinia bonduc (L.) Roxb. through docking simulation.  Dengue virus non-structural protein five (NS5) and human IMPDH-II were used here as targets for docking with plant compounds.  Docking results revealed that 33 compounds out of 82 phytochemicals showed better binding affinity than the native ligands of the targets. Compounds exhibiting the lowest free energy levels were further screened after studying their pharmacokinetics, medicinal chemistry friendliness, lead-likeness, and finally toxicity prediction to identify lead molecules. At the end of the study, three compounds, Caesaldekarin A, Caesalpinin F and Taepeenin D, which potently inhibited both targets, were selected here for further 'in vitro' and 'in vivo' studies.
Evaluation of Ethanolic leaf extract of Cucumis melo var. agrestis in Acetic Acid-Induced Ulcerative Colitis on Rats
Authors: Sivakumar G. , Aswin K.
Published: December 2023

The crux of the present research work was to evaluate the therapeutic potential of Ethanolic leaf extract of Cucumis melo var. agrestis (ELECM)on Ulcerative Colitis in rats. The successful induction of Ulcerative Colitis was done by intra-rectal administration of 500 μl of acetic acid (4% v/v), rats were euthanized on day 8 by cervical dislocation under anesthesia. The pathological parameters such as colon weight, colon antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT), lipid peroxidase enzymes (MDA, MPO), inflammatory markers (TNF- α and IL-6), and histopathological aspects were estimated to evaluate the ELECM against the disease control. Sulfasalazine was used as positive control to compare the protective effect of the ELECM. The GC-MS analysis of ELECM confirms the presence of about 12 specific phytochemicals. Induction of ulcerative colitis was evidenced in the control group due to increased colon weight, lipid peroxidase enzymes, and immune markers also by alleviated levels of antioxidant enzymes in the rat colon. However, ELECM treated group almost reversed the effect of the disease control group, above all the histopathological response of the ELECM-treated group against the acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis was almost the same as that of the control group, indicating the significant protective effect. Our present study suggests that ELECM extract has significant protective activity against acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis, due to its higher antioxidant, moderate anti-inflammatory, and mild immune-suppressive effects, and the protective action might be due to the presence of active constituents such as flavonoids and total phenols as presented on the GC-MS analysis report.
NOVEL SELF-MICROEMULSIFYING DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM FOR ENHANCED DIABETES MANAGEMENT: EVALUATING THE COMBINED EFFECTS OF GLIMEPIRIDE AND BOSWELLIA SERRATA EXTRACT
Authors: Mahale Rachappa Dhondiba , Patel Vipul P.
Published: December 2023

This study aimed to create and assess a novel self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS) for treating diabetes mellitus that contains glimepiride and Boswellia serrata extract. In the creation of SMEDDS formulations, Transcutol-P was employed as the base oil, while the surfactants Tween 80 and propylene glycol/polyethylene glycol 400 served as the co-surfactants. To improve the formulation, pseudoternary phase diagrams were created. While the SMEDDS of B. serrata extract showed a mean droplet size of 27.63 nm, 98.3% transmittance, a zeta potential of -0.11 mV, and a polydispersity index of 0.287, the glimepiride-optimized SMEDDS showed a mean droplet size of 14.8 nm, 98.5% transmittance, a zeta potential of -0.10 mV. In-vivo evaluation on diabetes-induced rats demonstrated significant reductions in SGOT and SGPT levels with the glimepiride and B. serrata extract SMEDDS compared to diabetic control rats and the marketed glimepiride formulation. The formulation showed promising results in controlling serum total protein, triglyceride, and cholesterol levels. The glimepiride and B. serrata extract SMEDDS also exhibited antioxidant activity, reducing malondialdehyde (MDA) absorbance. Histopathological assessment of kidney and pancreas tissues revealed the protective effects of the concomitant administration of glimepiride and B. serrata extract SMEDDS formulation against diabetes-induced damage. Overall, the developed SMEDDS formulation kit showed superior in-vitro and in-vivo performance, suggesting its potential as an effective therapeutic option for managing diabetes mellitus.
A review on Biomarkers for predicting radioresistance and role of natural radiosensitizers in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Mehta Devashish , Brahmbhatt Jpan , Bhadresha Kinjal , Rawal Rakesh
Published: December 2023

Breast cancer mortality rate is fifth among all cancer and increasing day by day due to modern lifestyles. Its molecular subtype is classified as per their significant receptor expression, such as estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) & human epidermal growth receptor 2 (Her2). Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subgroup among breast cancer subtypes and clinically challenging to treat due to loss of all three receptor (ER/PR/Her2) expression. Treatment modalities of TNBC include surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy and immunotherapy. Postoperative radiation therapy (RT) improves locoregional control and overall survival in TNBC patients. The powerful ionizing radiation (IR) response to RT is contributed by the inherent radiosensitivity of the tumor, which is influenced by genes associated with the cell cycle, DNA damage repair, apoptosis, etc. This review article narrates the role of biomarkers obtained through data mining and manual curation of published literature to predict radioresistance in patients receiving radiotherapy. Further, the role of natural radiosensitizers in overcoming radioresistance for effectively managing TNBC is also discussed.
A Stability Indicating Reverse Phase High Performance Liquid Chromatography Method for Related Substances of Sofosbuvir in Tablet Dosage Form
Authors: PATEL BINAL N. , Vekaria Hitesh J.
Published: December 2023

Sofosbuvir is an antiviral drug that is used to treat hepatitis C. A present investigation deals with simple, sensitive, rapid, precise and accurate reverse phase high-performance chromatography (RP-HPLC) method developed and validated for related substances of sofosbuvir in tablet dosage form. The chromatographic separation was achieved on a Kromasil 100 C18 (250 × 4.6 mm, 5 μ) column. A sofosbuvir and its impurities were extracted by composed mixture of Mobile Phase A: buffer solution: acetonitrile (97.5:2.5% v/v) and Mobile Phase B: acetonitrile, isopropyl alcohol, methanol and purified water (60:20:10:10 % v/v/v/v) using with flow rate was 1-mL/min, column temperature was 25°C, injection volume was 10 μL, Vial thermostat temperature was 10°C. The UV detection was carried out at 263 nm. The retention time of sofosbuvir, methyl ester and ethyl ester were 54.28, 36.31 and 43.77, respectively. The method shows linearity with correlation coefficient of sofosbuvir and its impurity was 0.999 over the 0.5–7.5 ppm range. The average recovery was found to be 90.2–113.9%. The LoD and LoQ for sofosbuvir and its impurities were found to be 0.1 and 0.5 μg/mL, respectively. The method was validated as per ICH guidelines. The developed method was precise, accurate, novel and detectable towards sofosbuvir and its impurity. This method is efficient in separating the sofosbuvir and its impurity. Hence, the proposed method can be utilized for the determination of related substances in routine analysis in quality control department of pharmaceutical Industry.
Synthesis of Some Quinoline Oximes by an Efficient Method and their Biological Screening
Authors: Saleh Fahad T. , Ahad Abdul , Netankar Prashant D. , Sheikh Anis A. , Asema Syed Ummul Khair
Published: December 2023

Quinoline scaffolds have gained substantial interest in the modern era of medicinal chemistry due to their wide range of biological applications. The present work reported the synthesis of various oxime derivatives of quinolines by the reaction of substituted 2-chloro-3-formyl-quinolines with hydroxyl amine hydrochloride. The reaction was mediated by aqueous ethanol, whereas hexamine was used as an efficient, non-toxic and easily available basic organocatalyst. The developed protocol has various advantages, including operational ease, affordability, an eco-friendly approach, and short reaction time. Moreover, the synthesized compounds were subjected to in-vitro antimicrobial activities. The antimicrobial evaluation of almost all the compounds found to be potent and effective. Compounds 4c, 4d, and 4f showed a broad spectrum of inhibition and were more effective when tested against specific Gram (-) and Gram (+) bacteria. In in-vitro antifungal evaluation, all synthesized compounds (4a-4g) showed good sensitivity against the tested fungal cultures except Aspergillus niger.
Evaluation of Myricetin loaded nanoemulsion formulation for the management of diabetic wound healing in experimental animals
Authors: Shaikh Tanvir Yusuf , Lodhi Santram
Published: December 2023

Myricetin is considered a flavonols under the category of flavonoids. According to recent research, myricetin has different curative effects on diabetes, cancer, and the heart. It has been suggested that myricetin is a more potent antioxidant than quercetin. The present study aimed to investigate the wound healing effect of myricetin loaded nanoemulsion (MYCT-NE) gel formulation in diabetic animals. Myricetin-loaded nanoemulsion was converted in nanoemulsion gel using carbopol 934 and evaluated for diabetic wound healing effect against wound contraction measurement, hydroxyproline estimation, protein estimation, antioxidant assay and histopathological study. On day 18th of treatment, the wound contraction of Faster wound healing was observed in the MYCT-NE gel treated groups compared to the control group, as indicated by a shorter epithelialization duration. Increased collagen turnover was shown by increased hydroxyproline levels in MYCT-NE gel-treated tissue, which sped up the healing of treated wounds. MYCT-NE gel possesses effective antioxidant activity by restoration of the superoxide dismutase SOD, GSH and catalase level in the wound tissues after treatment and healing. The observations showed that the original tissue regeneration was found efficiently in the wound treated with MYCT-NE gel and reference group without edema and congestion. The results obtained in the present study were indicated that MYCT-NE gel accelerates cutaneous diabetic wound healing through reducing oxidative status in experimental animals.
Where is Your Pain? Achilles Tendinopathy Pain Location on Loading Is Different to Palpation, Imaging and Recall Location
Authors: Rio Ebonie K. , Rabusin Chantel L. , Munteanu Shannon E. , Docking Sean I. , Perrott Marg , Couch Jamon , Murphy Myles C. , Girdwood Michael
Published: December 2023

OBJECTIVE: To describe and compare pain maps reported during Achilles tendon loading exercises with recall pain location, in people with pain on palpation in their Achilles tendon and tendon pathology on imaging.

DESIGN: Cross-sectional analysis of baseline RCT.

METHOD: Participants were recruited from a larger Achilles tendinopathy clinical trial. Inclusion criteria were at least 2-month self-reported history of Achilles tendinopathy, midtendon palpation pain, and pathology on ultrasound tissue characterization. Participants were asked to identify their Achilles tendon pain location on a pain map with 8 prespecified locations while at rest prior to loading (recall pain), and subsequently during tendon loading exercises (loading pain). Participants could select multiple locations or select “other” if the locations did not represent their pain.

RESULTS: Ninety-three participants were included (93% of participants from a clinical trial). The locations of pain on loading were diverse; all 8 pain locations (and an “other” option) were represented within this sample. Twenty-five percent of participants did not report pain with loading (n = 23 of 93). Of the 70 participants with loading pain, recall pain location differed to loading pain location in 40% (n = 28 of 70) of the participants.

CONCLUSION: Palpation pain location, recall pain location, or location of pathology on imaging were not valid proxies for load-related pain in the Achilles tendon. How different pain locations respond to treatment is unknown. Some pathologies (eg, plantaris) have clear pain locations (eg, medial tendon), and assessing pain location may assist differential diagnosis. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2024;54(1):86-94. Epub 7 December 2023. doi:10.2519/jospt.2023.12131
The Religious Court Trial Of Wali Adhal Cases In The Indonesian Legal System: A Legal Analysis
Authors: Candra Mardi , Sinaulan Ramlani , Al Hasan Fahadil , Ramadhan Jelang
Published: December 2023

Marriage combines the husband-wife relationship and unifies two families of different ethnicities, cultures, and backgrounds. The consent of the wali is a significant function of the family, particularly the prospective bride's family. Marriage requires the permission of the wali because it is null and void without it. In actuality, the wali of the prospective bride may be hesitant to marry off the woman under his supervision for various reasons, both Shar'i and non-Shar'i. As a result, the prospective bride must apply to the Religious Court for wali adhal for the marriage to occur. This qualitative research employs a normative legal approach, which examines legal norms found in laws and regulations, judge judgments, and other legal sources. According to the findings of this study, wali adhal cases are currently evaluated by voluntary trials or unilaterally. However, because it is unilaterally assessed and there is no opponent, fulfilling the legal purpose of building integrative justice in this examination requires considerable effort. Therefore, wali adhal cases must be examined using a contentious trial.
Analysis Of Labor Rights After The Job Creation Law In Perspective Of Human Rights
Authors: Tobing Christina NM , Ginting Sryani Br. , Melayu Hasnul Arifin
Published: December 2023

The Job Creation Law has caused controversy from various circles of society, both in terms of the procedure for its formation and the contents, especially the labor cluster. Many materials in the Job Creation Law reduce workers’ rights by creating a flexible working relationship. The relationship is more in favor of the interests of employers, thus raising the issue of legalizing modern slavery, which is contrary to human rights. This study analyzes changes in workers’ rights, especially regarding wages, specific worktime agreements, outsourcing, and severance pay from a human rights perspective. This research was normative legal research, namely on the substance of workers’ rights after the Job Creation Law from a human rights perspective, with a statutory approach and a conceptual approach. The analysis revealed that the job creation law policy is an effort to create the broadest possible employment opportunities and attract greater investment to Indonesia. In addition, it is to realize the human rights of workers who have not worked. The changes in the Job Creation Law and its implementing regulations that abolish and reduce workers’ rights and make work relations more flexible can violate workers’ human rights. On the other hand, the Government is trying to strike a balance by creating new and fair workers’ rights.
Acrocallosal syndrome: Classical findings in a case report with a literature review
Authors: Chawla Siddhi , Charan Aditya
Published: December 2023

We present a case of a 1-day-old neonate with classical findings of acrocallosal syndrome. The child presented with difficulty in feeding. Clinically, the patient had craniofacial anomalies and digital malformations. Imaging with ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging revealed characteristic features of corpus callosum agenesis with dandy walker malformation. A classical case of acrocallosal syndrome with sporadic occurrence is discussed with a detailed review of all such previously reported cases in the literature till date and a discussion of possible differentials.
Advanced spine life support: Is it time to start?
Authors: Eissa Abdullah T.
Published: December 2023

Acute spine cases such as traumatic injuries and cord compression are unique. They need special attention, early recognition, and proper intervention. Treating such conditions needs extended practice, more experience, and comprehensive knowledge about spine acute pathologies. Different centers and regions have different approaches to treating these injuries with different outcomes. This report emphasizes the importance of establishing courses and manuals for advanced spine life support, similar to advanced trauma life support, basic life support, and advanced cardiac life support, to unify the treatment approaches, make them systematic, and lower morbidity and mortality rates.
Défragmenter notre personnalité par le dialogue art-science : pour une co-énonciation écologique, transformative et une éthique joyeuse, allant de soi
Authors: DAMESIN Claire
Published: December 2023

A l’ère où il semble devenu évident pour beaucoup que l’humanité doive changer sa façon d’habiter la terre, des prédictions d’avenirs très distincts parcourent les réseaux et nos cerveaux. Dans une perspective immédiate de davantage de respect vis-à-vis de la nature, une question pragmatique peut s’ériger en chacun de nous : « que faire ? ». Dans une logique d’écologie de l’humain et de co-énonciation avec le vivant, cet article propose une piste possible vers l’émergence d’une éthique à l’échelle individuelle. Au-delà d’une anxiété paralysante, ou d’une action précipitée, peut-on penser une éthique rassurante, allant de soi ? Après l’examen des causes profondes de la crise écologique, l’idée proposée ici est qu’une co-énonciation avec le vivant, au service du vivant, pour la création d’un nouveau monde écologique, passe à l’échelle individuelle par une harmonie intérieure. Il s’agit alors de sortir de l’emprise des pièges d’un numérique débordant et d’effacer les dissonances internes que nos facettes scientifique et artistique peuvent avoir, dissonances parfois renforcées et/ou révélées par les arts numériques. Nous chercherons à montrer comment, en se réappropriant ces « désaccords intérieurs » et en pratiquant une démarche d’écologie introspective via l’art et la science, nous pouvons progressivement nous « défragmenter » par ce que l’on appellera via un élargissement de concept, une « co-énonciation intra-personnelle ». Par là même, des transformations salutaires pour le collectif humain et non humain s’opèrent. Parallèlement, la mise en place de qualités d’être impliquant le corps et l’esprit pour vivre la co-énonciation ouvre le chemin vers une éthique spontanée, joyeuse, allant de soi. Dans cette optique, les arts numériques deviennent un moyen d’expression créatif parmi d’autres, au service d’une co-énonciation écologique c'est-à-dire respectueuse de la nature, sans en être son substitut.
Peri‑ and neonatal diarrhea syndrome in youth animals of economic interest – pathogenetic context
Authors: Sponte Stere , Duţulescu Alexandru
Published: December 2023

Peri- and neonatal diarrhea syndrome in young livestock involves numerous adverse consequences on the body, leading to their debilitation and death.  Newborn infants, due to their vulnerability caused by an underdeveloped immune system, are at risk of contagiousness from many etiological agents.
The activity of conditioning based on chondroitin sulfate, bedinvetmab, mavacoxib and green mussel extract in the canine species in locomotor affection – a micro-study
Authors: Ramsey Elizabeth Bortiş , Romeo Cristina T.
Published: December 2023

Osteoarthritis is a common disease of the synovial joints, affecting millions of dogs worldwide and evolving with pain, understanding the mechanisms of pain being the key to success in its prevention and treatment. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of drug combinations in treating pain for chronic patients. In this micro-study, 15 dogs that presented symptoms associated with locomotor pain were included, the main objectives being to determine the degree of pain using a specific questionnaire, to evaluate the questionnaire compared to general and paraclinical examination techniques and to demonstrate the effectiveness of drug therapy and relief of symptoms associated with locomotor pain using long-term pharmaceutical supplements. The study revealed that: therapies with nutraceutical supplements, in the case of locomotor pathologies in dogs, have been shown to have fewer adverse or side effects compared to anti-inflammatory therapy. Treatment with chondroitin sulfate and glucosamine revealed the most positive results in the therapy of locomotor pathologies. In addition to establishing the diagnosis through certain imaging methods, such as computed tomography/radiology, the diagnosis of locomotor disorders can also be ensured, with a high margin of accuracy, through acute/chronic pain interpretation methodologies such as specific questionnaires.
Meta-analisis Pengembangan LKPD Berbasis Problem Based Learning
Authors: Nilam Nadia , Fitri Rahmadhani , Selaras Ganda Hijrah
Published: December 2023

Teaching materials such as LKPD in biology learning are still limited and not yet interactive. The aim of the research was to find out how the validity level of student worksheets in high school biology lessons had been developed by tracing articles that were in accordance with the research. The method used in this research is meta-analysis by taking data from 5 national articles from Google Scholar. The results of the study show that the PBL-based LKPD is valid. Based on the results of observations and discussions conducted, it is known that PBL-based worksheets are valid and appropriate for use in learning.
A Multitasking Photoredox-Catalysis for Stereoselective C‒N Bond Formation
Authors: Paul Biprajit , Das Surajit , Chatterjee Indranil
Published: December 2023

A rare photoredox-mediated C‒N bond formation methodology has been developed integrating the concepts of [2+2]-photocycloaddition of styrene in combination with N-centered radical (NCR) generation. Highly significant enamines and imines have been produced in a stereoselective manner using a mild and bench-stable oxime-ester precursor as the N-linchpin. The key attraction is the multitasking catalysis of fac-Ir(ppy)3 involving energy transfer, N-O bond cleavage, N-centered radical generation, imine reduction and cyclobutane ring opening simultaneously in the same reaction pot. Preliminary mechanistic investigations have been performed to have an idea about the mechanism involving both energy transfer mediated cycloaddition and the photoredox mediated iminyl radical generation. Wide functionality tolerance with satisfactory yield and exclusive stereoselectivity are the salient features of this newly discovered methodology.
Migration of Zeolite-Encapsulated Subnanometre Platinum Clusters via Reactive Neural Network Potentials
Authors: Heard Christopher , Grajciar Lukáš , Erlebach Andreas
Published: December 2023

The migration of atoms and small clusters is an important process in sub-nanometre scale heterogeneous catalysis, affecting activity, accessibility and deactivation through sintering. Control of migration can be partially achieved via encapsulation of sub-nanometre metal particles into porous media such as zeolites. However, a general understanding of the migration mechanisms and their sensitivity to particle size and framework environment is lacking. Here, we extend the time-scale and sampling of atomistic simulations of platinum cluster diffusion in siliceous zeolite frameworks, by introducing a reactive neural network potential of density functional quality. We observe that Pt atoms migrate in a qualitatively different manner from clusters, occupying the dense region of the framework and avoiding the free pore space. We also find that for cage-like zeolite CHA there exists a maximum in self diffusivity for the Pt dimer beyond which, confinement effects hinder intercage migration. By extending the quality of sampling, NNP-based methods allow for the discovery of novel dynamical processes at the atomistic scale, bringing modelling closer to operando experimental characterization of catalytic materials.
Investigating Polypharmacology Through Targeting Known Human Neutrophil Elastase Inhibitors to Proteinase 3
Authors: Gartan Parveen , Khorsand Fahimeh , Mizar Pushpak , Vahokovski Juha Ilmari , Cervantes Luis F , Haug Bengt Erik , Brenk Ruth , Brooks Charles L. , Reuter Nathalie
Published: December 2023

Using a combination of state-of-the-art free energy computational approaches together with in vitro IC50 assays, we evaluated the polypharmacological potential of a scaffold currently in clinical trials for inhibition of human neutrophil elastase (HNE), targeting cardiopulmonary disease, for efficacious inhibition of Proteinase 3 (PR3), a related neutrophil serine proteinase. Based on benchmarking of a series of ligands with known inhibitory activity against HNE using multisite λ-dynamics (MSλD) and multiple force field models, we demonstrated the best agreement between measured IC50 values and computed binding free energies using a hybrid force field of CHARMM c36m for the protein and ligand parameters from OPLS LigParGen that utilizes a CM1A-LBCC charge model. Using this computational model, the ligands were assessed as potential inhibitors of PR3 by anchoring the computed relative binding affinities to a single measured IC50. This led to suggested potential additional inhibitors for PR3 from those tested and characterized to be good binders to HNE. We synthesized and assayed a number of these compounds to further test our predicted binding affinities and discovered that both prediction and experiment demonstrated that the compounds bound less well to PR3, we observed a range of IC50s from 7.7-190 nM in PR3 to 0.5-1.3 nM for the same inhibitors for HNE. However, the affinities we observe suggest that the scaffold can serve as a suitable starting point for the establishment of polypharmacologically targeting both enzymes and enhancing the potential for treatments addressing diseases like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
A high-throughput two-cell assay for interrogating inhibitory signaling pathways in T cells
Authors: Sharma Sumana , Whitehead Toby , Kotowski Mateusz , Ng Emily Zhi Qing , Clarke Joseph , Leitner Judith , Chen Yi-Ling , Santos Ana Mafalda , Steinberger Peter , Davis Simon J
Published: December 2023

The recent success of immunotherapies relying on manipulation of T-cell activation highlights the value of characterising the mediators of immune checkpoint signaling. CRISPR/Cas9 is a popular approach for interrogating signaling pathways; however, the lack of appropriate assays for studying inhibitory signaling in T cells is limiting the use of large-scale perturbation-based approaches. Here, we adapted an existing Jurkat cell-based transcriptional reporter assay to study both activatory and inhibitory (PD-1-mediated) T-cell signaling using CRISPR-based genome screening in arrayed and pooled formats. We targeted 64 SH2 domain-containing proteins expressed by Jurkat T cells in an arrayed screen, in which individual targets could be assessed independently, showing that arrays can be used to study mediators of both activatory and inhibitory signaling. Pooled screens succeeded in simultaneously identifying many of the known mediators of proximal activating and inhibitory T-cell signaling, including SHP2 and PD-1, confirming the utility of the method. Altogether, the data suggested that SHP2 is the major PD-1-specific, SH2 family mediator of inhibitory signaling. These approaches should allow the systematic analysis of signaling pathways in T cells.
Completion of a new national geological map series – the QMAP project
Authors: Rattenbury Mark
Published: December 2023

​
Economic Feasibility Analysis According to Seam Location of Ship Pieces
Authors: Do Hyun-Seong , Lee Tak-Kee
Published: December 2023

The structure of a ship is completed by processing various steel plates and welding these plates. This butt welding of plates is defined as a seam in shipyards, and this study seeks to find a way to decrease costs by reducing the utilization of steel through effective seam arrangement. Seams were defined and classified according to purpose, and examples of “pieces” and “main plates” where seam creation had an economical saving effect were selected. For “pieces,” the change in the weight of steel utilized depending on the presence or absence of a seam was calculated, and the resulting change in cost increase was presented. In the case of the “main plate,” the quantity of seams does not change, but an example of cost variation due to the appropriate placement of seams is presented. Hence, a large difference was found in the costs of “pieces” depending on seam location. Thus, it was advantageous to create additional seams. For the “main plate,” it was found that narrow-width and wide-width materials incur more costs. This study demonstrates that creating seams is economically advantageous but may not be preferred owing to the increased workload from a production perspective.
Protecting Farmland Pollinators: Whole Farm Scorecard - Experiences and Recommendations
Authors: Kavanagh Saorla , Phelan Niamh , Rodriguez-Gasol Neus , O’ Brien Shannen , Stout Jane , Fitzpatrick Úna
Published: December 2023

Protecting Farmland Pollinators is about identifying small actions that farmers can take that will allow biodiversity to coexist within a productive farming system. Farmers in Ireland recognise the importance of pollinators, but farmland has experienced wide-scale loss of wild pollinators over the last fifty years.
By working closely with 40 farmers, management practices that beneﬁt bees and hoverflies on Irish farmland were identified, and a whole farm pollinator scoring system was developed. Using a whole farm pollinator scorecard, farmers receive ‘pollinator points’ each year based on the amount and quality of pollinator friendly habitat maintained and/or created and, each year, farmers receive a results-based payment that relates to the points.
Irish farms have great potential to improve both the quantity and quality of biodiversity friendly habitats without negatively impacting on farm productivity. Thirty-one farmers increased their score between year one and year three of the results-based payment and four farms more than tripled their score. The median whole farm pollinator score for the 40 farms increased from 25,696 in year one to 33,572 in year two (31% increase), to, 40,211 pollinator points in year three (56% increase). Each farm type (beef, dairy, mixed and arable) increased their median score over the three years and dairy and arable farms showed the largest increase.
This project has helped farmers better understand and engage with nature on their land and has created a measurable system for improving habitats for biodiversity on farms that is accessible to all and has the potential to be rolled out on a wider scale.
Salinisation of Reclaimed Agricultural Land in the Altai Territory: Cluster Analysis
Authors: Snezhko V. L. , Benin D. M. , Gavrilovskaya N. V.
Published: December 2023

The Altai Territory occupies a leading position among the constituent entities of the Siberian Federal District in terms of arable land, of which more than 80% are located in the zone of unstable moisture. Irrigation is the predominant form of agricultural hydraulic reclamation in the region. The area of irrigated land is about 69 thousand hectares, of which almost 10% of the area has varying degrees of salinity in the 0‑100 cm layer. Prolonged irrigation and non-compliance with irrigation technologies can lead to salinisation of land. In the Russian Federation, all irrigation systems havecommon rules for collecting data on soil condition, conducting soil salinity surveys and laboratory processing of field research material. The analysis of irrigated agricultural land by the degree of its salinisation was carried out according to the data of the land reclamation cadastre for the period from 1 January 2013 to 1 January 2022. A model of the dynamics of highly and very highly saline areas was built, statistical estimates of the quality of the model were checked, and the average annual rate of increase in the area of saline areas was determined. The most likely causes of salinisation in irrigated areas were analysed. These are high groundwater levels and groundwater salinity, and high salinity of water used for irrigation. An analysis of the most likely causes of salinisation in irrigated areas was carried out, including high groundwater levels and salinity, and high salinity of water used for irrigation. The dynamics of areas with different groundwater levels, different salinities of groundwater and irrigation water are given. Based on the data from the beginning of 2022, a cluster analysis of the regions of the Altai Territory was carried out according to the degree of salinisation of agricultural land. The quality of the clustering was checked.
Ecological characterisation of the mycotoxin Alternariol in the green mass of spring wheat and white mustard under the conditions of the Moscow region
Authors: Mosina L. V. , Vasil’kov P. F.
Published: December 2023

The article presents the results of the study of the influence of agro-ecological factors on the content of mycotoxins in the green mass of white mustard (Sinapis alba) and the spring wheat variety Lyubava (Triticum aestivum L.). The study was conducted at the experimental field «Yuzhnoe» of the Ecological Station of the Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy using chemical and microbiological methods. Agro-ecological factors were evaluated by the following parameters: humus content, soil acidity, phosphorus, potassium and lead content. The immunoenzyme method was used to determine the content of mycotoxins in the vegetative mass of white mustard and spring wheat (according to development stages). As a result, the highest levels of mycotoxin contamination were found in the mid-ripe stage of the crops, exceeding the average level of contamination by 8‑11 times in wheat and 4‑5 times in white mustard. The highest inverse correlation was found between the Alternariol content in the studied crops and the soil temperature of the upper layer of the humus horizon of 0‑5 cm. This fact justifies a more detailed study of the effect of this environmental factor.
Marker-assisted and Genomic Selection of Beef Cattle
Authors: Selionova M. I. , Evstaf’eva L. V. , Konovalova E. N. , Belaya E. V.
Published: December 2023

This article provides an overview of modern genetic technologies for improving production traits and predicting breeding value in beef cattle. In particular, in marker-assisted selection the most promising is the selectionby desirable genotypes in the genes of myostatin (MSTN), calpain (CAPN), calpastatin (CAST), growth hormone (GH), leptin (LEP), thyroglobulin (TG), fatty acid binding protein (FABP), retinoic acid C-receptor (RORC), diacyl-glycerol acyltransferase (DGATI), sterol-Co desaturase (SCD). A modern and much more advanced approach is the Single Step Genomic Best Linear Unbiased Predictions (ssGBLUP) method, which calculates a Genomic Estimated Breeding Value (GEBV) using DNA chip genotyping, phenotype and pedigree data. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS), based on the use of genetic markers distributed throughout the genome and in non-equilibrium linkage with at least one of the quantitative traits, are currently recognised as more informative for finding new genes for beef cattle productivity. New genes associated with live weight at different stages of ontogenesis, average daily live weight gain, residual feed intake, carcass weight and flesh content have been identified. Most of the identified genes control cell division, lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. The accumulated data on full-genome association studies and exome sequencing led to new methods of genetic analysis – gene ontology and gene networks. The use of gene networks provided the first detailed understanding of the genetic basis for the formation of complex phenotypic traits based on the complex interaction of regulatory networks of «major» and «peripheral» genes controlling the development of a particular trait.