bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Visão baseada em recursos: uma análise bibliométrica dos últimos 11 anos
Authors: Ribeiro Henrique César Melo , Costa Benny Kramer , Muritiba Sérgio Nunes , Oliveira Neto Geraldo Cardoso de
Published: December 2012

O objetivo do presente trabalho foi investigar o perfil das pesquisas e a evolução do tema VBR nos artigos publicados nas Revistas classificadas no Qualis B5 a A1 da Capes, no período de 2000 a 2010. Tratou-se de um estudo de análise bibliométrica, que se destinou a quantificar e analisar a produção científica do tema em questão, utilizando-se também da abordagem quantitativa, além da estatística descritiva. Foram analisados 183 artigos publicados no referido período. Foram utilizadas as seguintes palavras-chave: visão baseada em recursos, vbr, resource based view, rbv, teoria dos recursos e resource based theory. Verificou-se uma área que vem evoluindo em números de artigos publicados e que se caracteriza por estar baseada em teorias consolidadas, a maioria das referências investigadas na pesquisa é dos anos de 2000 a 2003, em particular o ano de 2001. Constatou-se uma evolução da referida temática na literatura acadêmica no contexto brasileiro.
COMPOSICIÓN DE LA DIETA Y CAPACIDAD NUTRICIONAL DE CARGA DEL HÁBITAT DEL CONEJO DE LOS VOLCANES (Romerolagus diazi) EN MÉXICO
Authors: Martínez-García José A. , Mendoza-Martínez Germán D. , Alcantara-Carbajal José L. , Tarango-Arámbula Luis A. , Sánchez-Torres-Esqueda Teresa , Rodríguez-de Lara Raymundo , Hernández-García Pedro A.
Published: December 2012

El estudio se realizó en el Parque Nacional Izta-Popo y Zoquiapan. Se estimaron los aportes nutriciona- les, biomasa vegetal, capacidad nutricional de carga del hábitat y hábitos alimenticios del Romerolagus diazi. Para ello, las excretas y muestras vegetales se recolectaron y fueron analizadas microhistológi- camente. Se determinaron la materia seca, proteína cruda y fibra detergente neutro de las plantas. A su vez, se realizó un ensayo de digestibilidad con conejos domésticos proporcionándoles dos tratamientos: Muhlenbergia macrura o Festuca tolucensis adicionadas con heno de alfalfa (80 % gramínea + 20 % de heno de alfalfa). En la mitad de los sitios predominó M. macroura y en la otra mitad F. tolucensis. El análisis microhistológico mostró la presencia predominante de los mismos forrajes. Hubo diferencias en biomasa y capacidad de carga entre sitios (P < 0.05). La inclusión de F. tolucensis incrementó (P < 0.05) la digestibilidad en comparación con M. macroura.
CARACTERIZACIÓN ESTRUCTURAL DEL MANGLAR EN EL ESTERO PALO VERDE, LAGUNA DE CUYUTLÁN, COLIMA
Authors: Téllez-García Citlalli P. , Valdez-Hernández Juan I.
Published: December 2012

En el Estero Palo Verde, ubicado en el vaso IV de la Laguna de Cuyutlán, estado de Colima, se esta- blecieron 48 unidades de muestreo (UM) en tres rodales de mangle: 10 UM en rodal monoespecífico de Laguncularia racemosa, 25 UM en rodal monoespecífico de Rhizophora mangle y 13 UM en rodal mixto de L. racemosa-R. mangle. Se registró altura del dosel, diámetro del tronco, densidad de adul- tos y de repoblación, también se calculó área basal y volumen de madera. Los resultados indicaron que la densidad, área basal y volumen, para la categoría diamétrica (CD) de 5 cm fueron significati- vamente diferentes (P < 0.05) entre los rodales monoespecíficos de R. mangle (2,500 árboles·ha-1, 4.2 m2·ha-1 y 22 m3·ha-1, respectivamente) y L. racemosa (700 árboles·ha-1, 1.9 m2·ha-1 y 10 m3·ha-1, respectivamente). En las CD de 20 a 30 cm, el área basal fue significativamente mayor (P < 0.05) en el rodal monoespecífico de L. racemosa (1.6 - 3.8 m2·ha-1) que en el mixto de L. racemosa-R. mangle (0.5 - 2.5 m2·ha-1). La repoblación natural fue más abundante en el rodal de R. mangle (138 a 270 individuos·ha-1) que en el de L. racemosa (70 a 80 individuos·ha-1). Los valores estructurales mayores se alcanzaron para altura del dosel (10 m) en el rodal de L. racemosa; para diámetro (40 cm) y área basal (14.1 m2·ha-1) en el rodal de L. racemosa-R. mangle; y para repoblación natural (624 individuos·ha-1) en el rodal de R. mangle.
MORPHOLOGY OF FLORAL STRUCTURES RELATED TO ANTITELECHORY DISPERSAL OF FRUITS IN Tagetes moorei H. Rob. var. breviligulata Villarreal
Authors: Serrato Cruz Miguel Á. , Cervantes Martínez Teresa
Published: December 2012

Tagetes moorei var. breviligulata (Asteraceae-Tageteae) es una especie endémica de Querétaro, México. La especie se encuentra en algunos lugares semiáridos y crece en suelos calizos. Hay pocos antecedentes sobre la biología y ecología de esta especie. En este trabajo se describen algunos aspectos de la morfología vegetal de T. moorei, particularmente de la cabezuela floral, relacionados con un mecanismo especial de dispersión de semillas clasificado como autócoro-antitelécoro. En este mecanismo, los aquenios formados en el involucro no caen directamente al suelo durante la deshidratación y secado de la cabezuela, como ocurre en la mayoría de las especies de Tagetes. En este caso, el pedicelo se desintegra y se separa del involucro, y entonces los aquenios se deslizan por dentro del pedúnculo hueco. Este mecanismo de dispersión de aquenios en ambientes semiáridos es poco común en las formas de adaptación de Asteraceae.
PODER CALORÍFICO Y MATERIAL INORGÁNICO EN LA CORTEZA DE SEIS ÁRBOLES FRUTALES
Authors: Martínez-Pérez Ricardo , Pedraza-Bucio Fabiola E. , Apolinar-Cortes José , López-Miranda Javier , Rutiaga-Quiñones J. Guadalupe
Published: December 2012

El poder calorífico y el contenido de sustancias minerales (cenizas) se determinaron en la corteza de seis especies arbóreas frutales (Annona cherimola Mill., Citrus aurantifolia Swingle, Malus domestica Borkh., Psidium guajava L., Prunus dulcis [Mill.] D. A. Webb y Tamarindus indica L.). Las cenizas obtenidas fueron analizadas mediante rayos X. Los valores encontrados de poder calorífico variaron de 3,453.49 kcal·kg-1 en T. indica a 4,076.10 kcal·kg-1 en P. guajava. En el caso de las cenizas, los resultados fluctuaron de 5.76 % en P. guajava a 21.93 % en T. indica. Se observó que un contenido mayor de minerales en las cortezas tiende a disminuir su poder calorífico. Los elementos químicos comunes en las muestras analizadas fueron calcio, potasio, magnesio, fósforo y azufre. No se detec- taron metales pesados en las muestras de la corteza.
INTERACCIÓN PLANTA-HONGOS MICORRÍZICOS ARBUSCULARES
Authors: Camarena-Gutiérrez Gabriel
Published: December 2012

La simbiosis de la micorriza arbuscular está formada por las raíces de más del 80 % de las especies de plantas terrestres y los hongos Zigomicetes del Orden Glomales. Los efectos benéficos de esta simbiosis suceden como resultado de un diálogo molecular complejo entre los socios simbióticos. La identificación de las moléculas involucradas en este proceso es un prerrequisito para una mayor com- prensión de la simbiosis. Hay evidencia de los eventos de señalización-reconocimiento en diferentes estados de las interacciones planta-hongo en la micorriza arbuscular, pero no se conoce la naturaleza de las moléculas señal y los procesos de percepción-transducción. Para conocer el potencial de la micorriza arbuscular en la agricultura sustentable, es preciso identificar las moléculas principales de la interacción planta-hongo. Existen numerosos métodos disponibles para el análisis molecular de los hongos arbusculares que ayudan a comprender la interacción dinámica entre las plantas y éstos.
GÉNESIS DE LOS INCENDIOS FORESTALES
Authors: Rodríguez-Trejo Dante A.
Published: December 2012

Hace casi 470 millones de años, durante el periodo Silúrico, comenzaron los incendios forestales en el planeta. La actividad de los incendios ha experimentado altas y bajas en la historia de la Tierra, principalmente relacionadas con cambios en la concentración de oxígeno atmosférico y los niveles de humedad que han caracterizado la evolución del clima. La presencia de los incendios ha tenido picos en el Carbonífero, Jurásico y el Cretácico, así como en el Cuaternario, en particular luego de la aparición del hombre. Las primeras adaptaciones al fuego se remontan casi al mismo tiempo en que las plantas colonizaron la superficie terrestre. Con la separación de la Pangea, en el Triásico, el clima inicia su marcha hacia los patrones actuales y ello comienza a perfilar las temporadas de incendios anuales y la configuración de regímenes de fuego parecidos a los de la actualidad.
Remote sensing of ice crystal asymmetry parameter using multi-directional polarization measurements – Part 2: Application to the Research Scanning Polarimeter
Authors: van Diedenhoven B. , Cairns B. , Fridlind A. M. , Ackerman A. S. , Garrett T. J.
Published: December 2012

Abstract. A new method to retrieve ice cloud asymmetry parameters from multi-directional polarized reflectance measurements is applied to measurements of the airborne Research Scanning Polarimeter (RSP) obtained during the CRYSTAL-FACE campaign in 2002. The method assumes individual hexagonal ice columns and plates serve as proxies for more complex shapes and aggregates. The closest fit is searched in a look-up table of simulated polarized reflectances computed for cloud layers that contain individual, randomly oriented hexagonal columns and plates with a virtually continuous selection of aspect ratios and distortion. The asymmetry parameter, aspect ratio and distortion of the hexagonal particle that leads to the best fit with the measurements are considered the retrieved values. Two cases of thick convective clouds and two cases of thinner anvil cloud layers are analyzed. Median asymmetry parameters retrieved by the RSP range from 0.76 to 0.78, and are generally smaller that those currently assumed in most climate models and satellite retrievals. In all cases the measurements indicate roughened ice crystals, which is consistent with previous findings. Retrieved aspect ratios in three of the cases range from 0.9 to 1.6, indicating compact particles dominate the cloud-top shortwave radiation. Retrievals for the remaining case indicate plate-like ice crystals with aspect ratios around 0.3. The RSP retrievals are qualitatively consistent with the CPI images obtained in the same cloud layers. Retrieved asymmetry parameters are compared to those determined in situ by the Cloud Integrating Nephelometer (CIN). For two cases, the median values of asymmetry parameter retrieved by CIN and RSP agree within 0.01, while for the two other cases RSP asymmetry parameters are about 0.03–0.05 greater than those obtained by the CIN. Part of this bias might be explained by vertical variation of the asymmetry parameter.
Spatial characteristics of wave-like structures in diffuse aurora obtained using optical observations
Authors: Axelsson K. , Sergienko T. , Nilsson H. , Brändström U. , Ebihara Y. , Asamura K. , Hirahara M.
Published: December 2012

Abstract. We present the results of a statistical study using optical images from ALIS (Auroral Large Imaging System) to investigate the spatial and temporal variations of structures in diffuse aurora. Analysis of conjugate Reimei data shows that such fine structures are a result of modulation of high-energy precipitating electrons. Pitch angle diffusion into the loss cone due to interaction of whistler mode waves with plasma sheet electrons is the most feasible mechanism leading to high-energy electron precipitation. This suggests that the fine structure is an indication of modulations of the efficiency of the wave–particle interaction. The scale sizes and variations of these structures, mapped to the magnetosphere, can give us information about the characteristics of the modulating wave activity. We found the scale size of the auroral stripes and the spacing between them to be on average 13–14 km, which corresponds to 3–4 ion gyro radii for protons with an energy of 7 keV. The structures move southward with a speed close to zero in the plasma convection frame.
Homogenization of Portuguese long-term temperature data series: Lisbon, Coimbra and Porto
Authors: Morozova A. L. , Valente M. A.
Published: December 2012

Abstract. Three long-term temperature data series measured in Portugal were studied to detect and correct non-climatic homogeneity breaks and are now available for future studies of climate variability. Series of monthly minimum (Tmin) and maximum (Tmax) temperatures measured in the three Portuguese meteorological stations of Lisbon (from 1856 to 2008), Coimbra (from 1865 to 2005) and Porto (from 1888 to 2001) were studied to detect and correct non-climatic breaks. These series, together with monthly series of average temperature (Taver) and temperature range (DTR) derived from them, were tested in order to detect breaks, using firstly metadata, secondly a visual analysis, and thirdly four widely used homogeneity tests: von Neumann ratio test, Buishand test, standard normal homogeneity test, and Pettitt test. The homogeneity tests were used in absolute (using temperature series themselves) and relative (using sea-surface temperature anomalies series obtained from HadISST2.0.0.0 close to the Portuguese coast or already corrected temperature series as reference series) modes. We considered the Tmin, Tmax and DTR series as most informative for the detection of breaks due to the fact that Tmin and Tmax could respond differently to changes in position of a thermometer or other changes in the instrument's environment; Taver series have been used mainly as control. The homogeneity tests showed strong inhomogeneity of the original data series, which could have both internal climatic and non-climatic origins. Breaks that were identified by the last three mentioned homogeneity tests were compared with available metadata containing data such as instrument changes, changes in station location and environment, observation procedures, etc. Significant breaks (significance 95% or more) that coincided with known dates of instrumental changes were corrected using standard procedures. It was also noted that some significant breaks, which could not be connected to known dates of any changes in the park of instruments or stations location and environment, were probably caused by large volcanic eruptions. The corrected series were again tested for homogeneity; the corrected series were considered free of non-climatic breaks when the tests of most of monthly series showed no significant (significance 95% or more) breaks that coincide with dates of known instrument changes. Corrected series are now available within the framework of ERA-CLIM FP7 project for future studies of climate variability (doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.785377).
Lessons Learned in Pilot Testing Specialty Consultations to Benefit Individuals with Lower Limb Loss
Authors: Elnitsky Christine , Latlief Gail , Gavin-Dreschnack Deborah , Harris Melanie , Campbell Robert
Published: December 2012

Telerehabilitation technologies enable the delivery of rehabilitation services from providers to people with disabilities as well as specialty care consultations. This article discusses the barriers experienced when planning and pilot testing a telerehabilitation multi-site specialty consultation for specialists in their medical centers, and the lessons learned. The barriers included integration and participation, coordination across organizational units, and privacy and information security. Lessons learned included the need for collaboration across multiple departments, telerehabilitation equipment back-ups, and anonymous and private communication protocols. Despite delays resulting from coordination at multiple levels of a national organization, we developed a program plan and successfully implemented a pilot test of the southeast region program.  Specialty consultation using telerehabilitation delivery methods requires identifying provider preferences for technological features. Lessons learned could inform development of outpatient telerehabilitation for patients with amputations and studies of patients and providers involved in telerehabilitation.
Perspectives of Speech-Language Pathologists on the Use of Telepractice in Schools: The Qualitative View
Authors: Tucker Janice K.
Published: December 2012

Telepractice in speech-language pathology shows the potential to mitigate the current shortage of speech-language pathologists (SLPs) available to serve a growing number of persons with communication disorders.  Since a majority of American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA) certified SLPs work in schools and the population of communicatively impaired clients in schools continues to grow, research into the use of telepractice in the educational setting is warranted.  This article reports upon the perspectives of SLPs regarding the use of telepractice in school settings. In-depth qualitative interviews were conducted with five SLPs experienced in the delivery of telepractice. Four major themes emerged: barriers, benefits, reasons for acceptance and use of telepractice, and suggestions to resolve telepractice professional issues.
Tele-AAC Resolution
Authors: Anderson Kate , Boisvert Michelle K. , Doneski-Nicol Janis , Gutmann Michelle L. , Hall Nerissa C. , Morelock Cynthia , Steele Richard , Cohn Ellen R.
Published: December 2012

Approximately 1.3% of all people, or about 4 million Americans, cannot rely on their natural speech to meet their daily communication needs. Telepractice offers a potentially cost-effective service delivery mechanism to provide clinical AAC services at a distance to the benefit of underserved populations in the United States and worldwide.  Tele-AAC is a unique cross-disciplinary clinical service delivery model that requires expertise in both telepractice and augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) systems.  The Tele-AAC Working Group of the 2012 ISAAC Research Symposium therefore drafted a resolution underscoring the importance of identifying and characterizing the unique opportunities and constraints of Tele-AAC in all aspects of service delivery. These include, but are not limited to: needs assessments; implementation planning; device/system procurement, set-up and training; quality assurance, client progress monitoring, and follow-up service delivery. Tele-AAC, like other telepractice applications, requires adherence to the ASHA Code of Ethics and other policy documents, and state, federal, and international laws, as well as a competent technological infrastructure. The Working Group recommends that institutions of higher education and professional organizations provide training in Tele-AAC service provision. In addition, research and development are needed to create validity measures across Tele-AAC practices (i.e., assessment, implementation, and consultation); determine the communication competence levels achieved  by Tele-AAC users; discern stakeholders’  perceptions of Tele-AAC services (e.g., acceptability and viability); maximize Tele-AAC’s capacity to engage multiple team members in AAC assessment and ongoing service; identify the limitations and barriers of Tele-AAC provision; and develop potential solutions.
American Telemedicine Association: 18th Annual International Meeting & Tradeshow
Authors: Forstag Benjamin
Published: December 2012

For 18 years, the American Telemedicine Association (ATA) Annual International Meeting & Exposition has been the premier forum for professionals in the telemedicine, telehealth and mHealth space -- one of the fastest growing meetings in the country. ATA 2013 is on course to be the largest ATA meeting ever, with over 6,000 projected attendees.  The program will include 500 educational sessions and posters, highlighting the latest innovations, applications and research in telemedicine. The 2013 exhibit hall will feature nearly 300 of the leading vendors in remote healthcare technologies. With over 6000 projected attendees, from all around the world, there's no better place to meet and network with your peers and thought leaders in the field. Detailed program information--including courses, sessions and CME information--will be available January 2013 at:http://www.americantelemed.org.
Speech Telepractice: Installing a Speech Therapy Upgrade for the 21st Century
Authors: Towey Michael P.
Published: December 2012

Much of speech therapy involves the clinician guiding the therapeutic process (e.g., presenting stimuli and eliciting client responses); however, this Brief Communication describes a different approach to speech therapy delivery. Clinicians at Waldo County General Hospital (WCGH) use high definition audio and video to engage clients in telepractice using interactive web-based virtual environments. This technology enables clients and their clinicians to co-create salient treatment activities using authentic materials captured via digital cameras, video and/or curricular materials.  Both therapists and clients manipulate the materials and interact online in real-time. The web-based technology engenders highly personalized and engaging activities, such that clients’ interactions with these high interest tasks often continue well beyond the therapy sessions.
A Review of Hip Resurfacings Revised for Unexplained Pain
Authors: Matharu Gulraj S. , Revell Matthew P. , Pynsent Paul B. , Treacy Ronan B.C.
Published: December 2012

Background

Adverse reaction to metal debris (ARMD) has come to prominence as a mode of failure for metal-on-metal hip resurfacings. These patients frequently present with unexplained groin pain.

Aims

1) To review all metal-on-metal hip resurfacings revised for unexplained pain seeking evidence for ARMD; 2) To determine the clinical outcome following revision arthroplasty.

Methods

The hospital database was searched (1997–2009) to identify all cases of Birmingham Hip Resurfacings (BHRs) revised for unexplained pain. ARMD was diagnosed using specific clinical, radiological, and histopathological criteria. Postoperatively all patients were assessed in clinic and completed an Oxford Hip Score (OHS) questionnaire.

Results

Of 3076 BHRs implanted 149 were revised. Of these, 20 BHRs in 17 patients were revised for unexplained pain (mean age at BHR 50.5 yr; 55% female). Unexplained pain requiring revision had a prevalence of 0.65% of all hip resurfacings performed (20/3076). ARMD was the mode of failure in 50% (n = 10). Common features observed in ARMD patients included hip-joint effusions, femoral neck thinning, intraoperative macroscopic granulomas, and lymphocytic infiltrates on histopathological examination. No ARMD patients had macroscopic soft-tissue destruction. A range of mechanical causes were responsible for the remaining failures. At a mean 3.6 year follow-up (range 1.1–8.0) one ARMD patient experienced a dislocation. There were no further complications or need for surgical reintervention. Median OHS for the cohort was 25.0%.

Conclusions

Hip resurfacings revised for unexplained pain comprise a diverse group of conditions with ARMD being the commonest. ARMD probably contains subgroups yet to be defined, some of which may be related to mechanical rather than immunological factors.
Biodegradable Microparticles and Nanoparticles by Electrospraying Techniques
Authors: Guarino Vincenzo , Khodir Wan Khartini Wan Abdul , Ambrosio Luigi
Published: December 2012

Purpose

Biodegradable microparticles and nanoparticles are receiving increased attention for their ability to serve as a viable carrier for site-specific delivery of genes, drugs and other biomolecules. Electrospraying represents a challenging technology which allows for the preparation of biodegradable particles with high bioavailability, good encapsulation, controlled release and fewer toxic properties.

Methods

Chitosan and polycaprolactone (PCL) particles were processed via electrospraying with control of basic process parameters: voltage and flow rate.

Results

PCL microparticles with spherical shape or flattened particles were obtained as a function of the concentration of the processed solutions, which affects evaporation and chain entanglement formation. Chitosan nanoparticles with submicrometric sizes were obtained by carefully adjusting voltage and flow rate, which enables the control of particle size and distribution.

Conclusion

We evaluated the benefits of the electrospraying technique to control the morphology of biodegradable microparticles and nanoparticles for drug-delivery applications. The implementation of simple technological solutions which combine the use of standard electrospraying and electrospinning by simultaneous or sequential steps, opens the way toward the development of new, interesting devices for drug-delivery applications such as tumor targeting and oral delivery.
Development of Innovative Biopolymers and Related Composites for Bone Tissue Regeneration: Study of Their Interaction with Human Osteoprogenitor Cells
Authors: Basile Maria Assunta , d'Ayala Giovanna Gomez , Laurienzo Paola , Malinconico Mario , Ragione Fulvio Della , Oliva Adriana
Published: December 2012

Purpose

In the framework of a project aiming to improve the properties of poly(∊-caprolactone) (PCL)-based devices, we prepared novel composites and tested their in vitro biocompatibility and osteogenic capacity on human mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) from bone marrow.

Methods

We prepared two functionalized derivatives, PCL-g-MAGMA and PCL-g-DMAEA, by insertion of anhydride groups by radical grafting of maleic anhydride (MA) and glycidyl-methacrylate (GMA) molecules, and by insertion of N-(dimethylamino)ethylacrylate (DMAEA) of tertiary amines groups, respectively. In addition, in order to improve the osteo-conductive properties of the materials, we also prepared the corresponding composites containing the mineral component of bone, namely hydroxyapatite (HA). Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) derived from bone marrow were prepared, plated onto a number of discs obtained from these functionalized derivatives and tested in terms of adhesion and vitality (by MTT test and SEM observation), and the expression of alkaline phosphatase, the early marker of osteoblastic phenotype.

Results

The biological in vitro assessment of the functionalized materials, PCL-g-MAGMA and PCL-g-DMAEA, appeared promising only in part, in particular the cells exhibited very poor adhesion to PCL-g-MAGMA. On the contrary, the related composites, PCL-g-MAGMA-HA and PCL-g-DMAEA-HA clearly showed that the addition of HA greatly ameliorated the cellmaterial interaction. In particular, a surprisingly increased response characterized PCL-g-MAGMA-HA, either in terms of adhesion and vitality or in terms of alkaline phosphatase activity.

Conclusions

Altogether these studies showed that the addition of HA nanowhiskers resulted for all basic materials, in particular PCL-g-MAGMA, in improved cell adhesion and performance.
Kallikrein-related peptidase 10 expression in salivary gland tissues and tumours
Authors: Darling Mark R. , Hashem Nelly N. , Zhang Irene , Mohamed Mohamed , Fung Kevin , Kwan Keith , Mara Tom W. , Daley Tom D. , Diamandis Eleftherios P.
Published: December 2012

Objectives

Kallikrein-related peptidase 10 (KLK10) has been implicated in the development of several types of cancer. The purpose of this study was to analyze the expression of KLK10 in 3 types of salivary gland tumour and normal salivary glands. Materials and methods: A standard immunoperoxidase staining technique was used to assess the Immunoexpression profile of KLK10 in normal salivary glands and 3 types of salivary gland tumour: pleomorphic adenoma, adenoid cystic carcinoma and mucoepidermoid carcinoma.

Results

Pleomorphic adenomas showed significantly lower KLK10 levels than control tissues. Neither of the malignant tumours (adenoid cystic carcinoma and mucoepidermoid carcinoma) showed a significant alteration in the immunoreactive scores of KLK10 in comparison with the normal salivary gland tissues. KLK10 immunoreactive scores were comparable in adenoid cystic carcinoma and mucoepidermoid carcinoma. Pleomorphic adenoma had significantly lower levels of KLK10 than mucoepidermoid carcinoma.

Conclusions

The finding of lower KLK10 levels in pleomorphic adenoma suggests aberrant expression in a tumour that develops primarily from myoepithelial cells. A kallikrein cascade may play a role in the development and/or outcome of some salivary gland tumours.
Priority in Organ Allocation to Previously Registered Donors: Public Perceptions of the Fairness and Effectiveness of Priority Systems
Authors: Chandler Jennifer A. , Burkell Jacquelyn A. , Shemie Sam D.
Published: December 2012

A priority system is one in which previously registered donors receive a preference in the allocation of organs for transplant ahead of those who have not registered. Supporters justify these systems on the basis that they are fair and will encourage donor registration. This article reviews existing studies of public reactions to priority systems, as well as studies of the extent to which the moral principle of reciprocity affects decision making in organ donation. The role of reciprocity in the public discourse surrounding the enactment of priority systems in Singapore and Israel is described. One factor that seems to have been relevant in these countries is the existence of a religious minority that is perceived as willing to take an organ but not to donate one. Although this perception may have fueled a resentment of perceived “free-riders,” concerns were raised about the social divisiveness of priority systems. In sum, people appear to be sensitive to the principle of reciprocity in the context of organ donation, but this sensitivity does not always translate into support for priority systems. Further research into whether public messaging about organ donation could be modified to encourage registration by appeal to the golden rule would be worthwhile.
Evaluation of Living Kidney Donors: Variables That Affect Donation
Authors: Moore Deonna R. , Feurer Irene D. , Zaydfudim Victor , Hoy Haley , Zavala Edward Y. , Shaffer David , Schaefer Heidi , Moore Derek E.
Published: December 2012

Approximately 10000 deceased donor organs are available yearly for 85 000 US patients awaiting kidney transplant. Living kidney donation is essential to close this gap and offers better survival rates. However, nationally, 80% of potential donors evaluated fail to donate. Nurse coordinators who perform predonation screening and education need additional insight into the large number of potential donors who fail to complete the donation process. Reasons for nondonation in donor candidates undergoing medical evaluation, and variables affecting nondonation at Vanderbilt University Medical Center between 2004 and 2009 are examined. Multivariable logistic regression models are used to test the effects of age and race on donation status and reasons for nondonation. Summary data are frequencies, percentages, and means (SD). The sample included 706 candidates (63% female, 80% white; mean age, 40 [SD, 12] years). Almost half (46%) received clearance to donate. Undiagnosed hypertension (14%), abnormal glucose tolerance (10%), and proteinurea (9%) were the most prevalent medical reasons for nondonation. About 13% of candidates changed their minds during evaluation. Analyses demonstrated an increased likelihood of older candidates ( P < .001) and a decreased likelihood of white candidates ( P = .007) being excluded from donation. Within the nondonation group, increased age was associated with undiagnosed hypertension and abnormal glucose tolerance (both race-adjusted, P = .01). Younger candidates (race-adjusted, P = .003) and African Americans (age-adjusted, P = .04) were more likely to decide against donation. The most prevalent medical reasons for nondonation could be identified through enhanced prescreening, and improved preevaluation education could decrease nondonation rates.
Negative Effects of Pretransplant Body Mass Index on Physical Health—Related Quality of Life after Lung Transplant
Authors: Hoy Haley M. , Feurer Irene D. , Alexander Susan , Loyd Jim , Wells Nancy , Pinson C. Wright
Published: December 2012

Background

Although current national data show improved graft and patient survival following lung transplant, the effects of several modifiable preexisting comorbid conditions on health-related quality of life after transplant have not been evaluated. This study examines the effects of 3 comorbid conditions present before lung transplant (reduced bone density, diabetes mellitus, and elevated body mass index) on health-related quality of life after lung transplant.

Methods

The Short Form 36 Health Survey was completed by 92 adult recipients at various times after lung transplant (mean, 41 months; range, 1–127 months). Multiple linear regression models that controlled for underlying disease, chronic rejection, and time after transplant tested the independent effects of the 3 pretransplant conditions on posttransplant health-related quality of life.

Results

The effects of pretransplant reduced bone density and diabetes mellitus were not statistically significant in these models. However, pretransplant body mass index had a significant negative effect (β = −.29, P = .007) on posttransplant physical health–related quality of life. Additionally, overweight status and obesity exerted comparable independent negative effects ( P = .01 and P = .03, respectively) on the physical function scale of the Short-Form 36 Health Survey compared with persons who were underweight or normal weight before transplant.

Conclusions

Reevaluation of elevated body mass index before transplant as a risk for reduced physical quality of life after lung transplant should be considered.
Successful Outcome of Transplant of Kidneys Recovered from a Brain-Dead Liver Transplant Recipient: Case Report
Authors: Domagała Piotr , Kwiatkowski Artur , Drozdowski Jakub , Ostrowski Krzysztof , Wszola Michal , Diuwe Piotr , Durlik Magdalena , Paczek Leszek , Chmura Andrzej
Published: December 2012

Few reports describing the use of organs donated by transplant recipients have been published. In this case report, kidneys procured from a brain-dead liver recipient were transplanted successfully. A 21-year-old man was referred for liver transplant after an overdose of acetaminophen. The patient's kidney function was initially normal, with proper urine production and normal kidney laboratory parameters. On the third day after admission, the patient's kidney laboratory parameters became elevated and hepatic encephalopathy requiring mechanical ventilation developed. An orthotopic liver transplant was performed the next day. The patient did not recover consciousness, and brain death was diagnosed on the third day after the liver transplant surgery. The maximum serum concentration of creatinine was 5.8 mg/dL (513 µmol/L) before kidney recovery, and urine production was normal. The kidneys were recovered with organ-perfusion support and were preserved by using machine perfusion. The kidneys were transplanted into 2 male recipients. Twelve months after transplant, the recipients remained in good health with satisfactory kidney function. This case demonstrates that transplanting kidneys recovered from liver transplant recipients is possible and beneficial, thus expanding the pool of potential donors.
The Strategic Value of Multidisciplinary Research and How to Leverage it in Higher Education
Authors: Suryani Tatik
Published: December 2012

Multidisciplinary research wields a strategic value in higher education particularly in building a new knowledge economy. The paper expounds the application of multidisciplinary research approaches in business research and the higher education strategy in improving multidisciplinary research with industries. The study used the descriptive analytic research design employing the use of web generated literature for the analysis. The results showed that the trend in business research development has been increasingly competitive and more complex. However, the problems surrounding such a phenomenon can be good opportunities for universities to take part for their contribution to industries. Multidisciplinary research is seen as an appropriate means to solve such complex problems because this type of research is more comprehensive in providing solutions. The resources need to be prepared, concerning financial capital, management systems, research resources, facilities and infrastructure. the study concludes that by improving the quality and productivity of multidisciplinary research with the industries, performance of universities will improve in terms of quality education, and teaching process, research productivity, recognition by society leading to the university's sustainability.   Keywords - multidisciplinary research, knowledge economy, higher education, business industries
Host–diet–microbiota interplay in intestinal nutrition and health
Authors: Ignatiou Anastasia , Pitsouli Chrysoula
Published: July 2024

The intestine is populated by a complex and dynamic assortment of microbes, collectively called gut microbiota, that interact with the host and contribute to its metabolism and physiology. Diet is considered a key regulator of intestinal microbiota, as ingested nutrients interact with and shape the resident microbiota composition. Furthermore, recent studies underscore the interplay of dietary and microbiota‐derived nutrients, which directly impinge on intestinal stem cells regulating their turnover to ensure a healthy gut barrier. Although advanced sequencing methodologies have allowed the characterization of the human gut microbiome, mechanistic studies assessing diet–microbiota–host interactions depend on the use of genetically tractable models, such as Drosophila melanogaster. In this review, we first discuss the similarities between the human and fly intestines and then we focus on the effects of diet and microbiota on nutrient‐sensing signaling cascades controlling intestinal stem cell self‐renewal and differentiation, as well as disease. Finally, we underline the use of the Drosophila model in assessing the role of microbiota in gut‐related pathologies and in understanding the mechanisms that mediate different whole‐body manifestations of gut dysfunction.
Haunted Houses: Architecture and Large Language Models
Authors: Speed Chris
Published: July 2024

Considering the vast datasets that constitute artificial intelligence, it might be assumed that there is no place for the ghostly or ambiguous among the binary logics of the all‐knowing algorithm. Explaining that this is not in fact the case, Melbourne‐based Professor of Design for Regenerative Futures Chris Speed reveals the tumult of numinous spirits that haunt the data, influencing and impacting the resultant texts and images.
Designing Absence: The Invisible Bridge and the Ghost Barn
Authors: Ritchie Ian
Published: July 2024

Straddling the fine line between architecture and art, London‐ based architects ritchie*studio have designed an Invisible Bridge and a Ghost Barn on a private, historic and protected estate in Hampshire, Southeast England. These delicate propositions juggle presence and absence informed by the site's history, by poetry, Charles Darwin, local flint and an intelligent and thoughtful client. Ian Ritchie writes about the concepts for these two interventions and their associated inspirational narratives.
All Visualisations Have Crooked Tales/Tails
Authors: Kulper Perry
Published: July 2024

The breadth of architectural typologies is waning, or so Perry Kulper, Professor of Architecture at Taubman College, University of Michigan, tells us. Kulper's work has for decades focused on the development of dexterous, agile and creative methodologies for speculating about the possibilities of architecture(s) explored through notions of equivalence, remixing, reinterpreting and reimagining. Developed through seven spatial spectral strategies for an installation at the 2023 Chicago Architecture Biennial, familiar landmarks of the city are rescaled and combined to become other implements, adornments and spaces, bringing an uncanny familiarity to their propositions.
Relation Between Tensile Strut and Compressive Foam Deformation Behavior: Failure Mechanisms and the Influence of Dendritic Versus Globular Grain Structure in an AlSi7Mg0.3 (A356) Precision‐Cast Open‐Cell Foam
Authors: Blond Aurélien , Firoozbakht Mahan , Bührig‐Polaczek Andreas , Kaya Ali Can , Fleck Claudia
Published: July 2024

Open‐cell aluminum foams are gaining importance for the design of lightweight structures and as electrodes in lithium‐ion batteries. AlSi7Mg0.3 foams are produced by a modified investment casting process. By tuning the mold temperature, a change from the usual nearly monocrystalline dendritic to a polycrystalline globular grain structure is achieved. Tension and compression tests on single struts and foam specimens, respectively, are combined with digital image correlation, scanning electron microscopy, and phase contrast‐enhanced microcomputed tomography in a synchrotron facility to correlate the mechanical properties and the failure mechanisms with the microstructure. The “globular” foams exhibit a lower strength and a less pronounced subsequent stress drop than the “dendritic” foams and the deformation mechanism changes from shear band‐dominated failure to a layer‐by‐layer collapse, because of the lower strength and higher ductility of the “globular” struts. The “dendritic” struts have a more homogeneous microstructure, while the “globular” struts often contain silicon agglomerates in their central region. Accordingly, the latter struts exhibit a higher degree of scatter for the fracture strain. Thus, the arrangement of the silicon particles and the eutectic determines the mechanical properties on the strut level and thereby the failure behavior on the foam level.
High‐Throughput Study of Ambient‐Pressure High‐Temperature Superconductivity in Ductile Few‐Hydrogen Metal‐Bonded Perovskites
Authors: Liu Shi‐ming , Shi Jun‐jie , He Yong , Tian Chong , Zhu Yao‐hui , Wang Xinqiang , Zhong Hong‐xia
Published: July 2024

Several multi‐hydrogen hydrides have exhibited high critical temperature (Tc) superconductivity, but the requirement for ultrahigh pressures limits their applications. Here, high‐throughput calculations are utilized to investigate the superconductivity in few‐hydrogen metal‐bonded (FHMB) perovskites (PVSKs) AHM3 characterized with perfect ambient‐pressure stability. AHM3 is classified into two groups, d and sp superconductors, and provide three indicators that accurately describe AHM3 superconductivity. i) Tc of d superconductors is positively correlated with the number of unpaired d electrons from M atoms; ii) A suitably sized octahedral interstice of H atom is essential for sp superconductors; iii) The introduction of H will further improve the superconductivity, when the M atom has a lower electronegativity than H. ZnHCr3 and ZnHAl3, perfectly meeting the requirements aforementioned, exhibit the highest Tc of 30 and 80 K among the d and sp superconductors, respectively. The results are helpful for understanding the electron–phonon coupling (EPC) mechanism in few‐hydrogen metal‐bonded perovskites and facilitate realizations of ambient‐pressure high‐Tc superconductivity in hydrides.
Enhanced Thermal and Photostability of Perovskite Solar Cells by a Multifunctional Eu (III) Trifluoromethanesulfonate Additive
Authors: Liu Heng , Gao Yueyue , Xu Fuzong , Zhang Xuechun , Ullah Asmat , Xu Lujia , Zhang Shanshan , Wang Jiantao , De Wolf Stefaan , Wang Hsing‐Lin
Published: July 2024

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have witnessed a meteoric rise in device performance. However, maintaining photostability, particularly under thermal stress, remains a challenge due to defect formation in the perovskite layer. This study introduces europium (III) trifluoromethanesulfonate [Eu(OTF)3] as a multifunctional additive in two‐step processed perovskite films, significantly improving the performance and high‐temperature photostability of n‐i‐p PSCs. Density function theory (DFT) calculations reveal that the OTF− anion strongly coordinates with Pb2+, effectively inhibiting iodine vacancy defect formation. The addition of Eu(OTF)3 promotes perovskite grain growth to ≈2 µm and enhances film crystallinity. PSCs with a structure of ITO/SnO2/perovskite/PDCBT/NiOx/Au achieve a champion power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 23.8%. Under 85 ± 5 °C and 1 sun illumination at an open circuit in ambient air, the PSCs with Eu(OTF)3 retain 82% of their initial PCE after aging for 1500 h.
Electronic Structure Regulation of MnCo2O4 via Surface‐Phosphorization Coupling to Monolithic Carbon for Oxygen Electrocatalysis in Zn–Air Batteries
Authors: Liu Yanyan , Liu Shuling , Zhang Pengxiang , Zhou Jingjing , Liu Huan , Li Shuqi , Li Xin , Wang Xiaopeng , Han Dandan , Chen Yu , Wang Yongfeng , Jiang Jianchun , Li Baojun
Published: July 2024

An urgent challenge to the development of rechargeable Zn–air batteries (RZABs) is the highly active, durable, and low‐cost catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction and oxygen evolution reaction (ORR and OER). Herein, a carbon‐based monolithic catalyst is designed via anchoring P‐modified MnCo2O4 inverse spinel nanoparticles on biomass‐derived carbon (P‐MnCo2O4@PWC). The introduction of surface P atoms regulates the electronic structures and valences of metal atoms by adjusting the coordination fields by (P‐O)δ– and Metal‐P. The optimization of the adsorption behavior of key intermediates facilitates the activation and conversion of reaction species. The monolithic structure is beneficial to the construction of a three‐phase interface for efficient mass transfer and high electrical conductivity. The P‐MnCo2O4@PWC catalyst displays outstanding bifunctional catalytic properties with a thin ΔE (the difference between the OER potential at 10 mA cm–2 and the ORR halfwave potential) of 0.66 V. The RZAB with P‐MnCo2O4@PWC as cathode delivers an exceptional peak power density (160 mW cm–2) and remarkable cycle life (over 1200 cycles), overcoming those with noble metal counterparts. This research provides a promising general surface‐phosphorization way to the design of carbon electrocatalysts and the high‐value utilization of biomass.
Octopus‐Inspired Adaptive Molecular Motion for Synergistic Photothermal and Nitric Oxide Antibacterial Therapy in Diabetic Wound Repair
Authors: Chen Ziheng , Zhang Haitong , Lyu Yuan , Lv Kai , Xing Hui , Shen Pengfei , Guo Zexiong , Li Guowei , Ma Dong
Published: July 2024

Bacterial infections, especially those from drug‐resistant strains, pose a significant threat to healing diabetic skin injuries, with current treatments being intricated and often unsatisfactory. Inspired by octopuses, a biomimetic material using α‐cyclodextrin (α‐CD) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) assembled with graphene oxide end‐capped polyrotaxanes (GO‐PR) is developed, where α‐CD mimics the flexible tentacles of an octopus. Further, α‐CD is cationically modified with polyethyleneimine (PEI) to resemble octopus suction cups, creating GO‐PRP, which effectively captures and adheres to bacteria. Importantly, to emulate an octopus's ink defense, GO‐PRP is used as a carrier for nitric oxide (NO), resulting in GO‐PRP/NONOate. Utilizing the photothermal conversion of GO, near‐infrared light exposure triggers rapid heating and NO release, providing efficient antibacterial activity and biofilm dispersion, significantly reducing inflammation in diabetic skin injuries in type I rats. During wound healing, sustained NO release promotes vascular endothelial growth factor production and blood vessel regeneration, enhancing collagen formation and shortening the healing time for diabetic skin infections. Thus, octopus‐inspired GO‐PRP/NONOate emerges as a novel biomaterial for treating drug‐resistant bacterial infections in diabetic wounds in the biomedical field.