bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
VİCDAN: SİVAS'IN İLK ÖZEL TÜRKÇE GAZETESİ
Authors: ÇELİK Fikriye
Published: March 2024

Bu çalışma Sivas’ın ilk özel Türkçe gazetesi olarak basın tarihindeki yerini alan Vicdan üzerine bir incelemedir. İkinci Meşrutiyet’in söz hürriyetini önceleyen anlayışından yararlanarak taşrada önemli bir boşluğu dolduran bu özel girişim, dönemin ruhunu anlamanın yolunu sunan değerli bir arşiv niteliğindedir. Haberleşme aracı olmanın ötesinde konuma yerleşerek bir yandan Sivas basınının dününe ışık tutma diğer taraftan yayımlandığı dönemin ve bölgenin durumunu aydınlatma gücü dolayısıyla Vicdan bir asır öncesini günümüze taşıyan somut bir belge kabul edilmelidir. Niteliksel tarihsel tasarım karakterine sahip çalışmada Vicdan’ın yayın hayatına devam ettiği 1909 – 1910 dönemine ait yirmi beş sayılık arşivi incelenmiştir. Araştırmanın önemi, hakkında henüz yeterli çalışma bulunmayıp gizli kalmış bir kıymet mahiyetindeki Vicdan’ı dikkate almaktan ileri gelmektedir. Dönemin Sivas basınını konu edinen sınırlı sayıdaki belge ve eserin de kaynaklık ettiği araştırma; yayımlandığı ortama şahitlik edip tanınmayı bekleyen bahse konu yayını değerlendirme yoluyla Türk basın tarihine anlamlı bir katkı olmayı amaçlamaktadır. İncelenen sayılar Vicdan’ın kamuoyu adına resmi makamları yakından takip edip eleştiri yazılarına sayfasını açmanın yanında edebiyattan ziraata, tarımdan eğitime geniş bir alanda halkı bilgilendirici yayınlarda bulunduğunu göstermiştir. Sonuç olarak; bölge halkının sosyo-kültürel ve sosyo-ekonomik durumu, Sivas özelinde Anadolu’nun fikir yapısı, ülkenin siyaset tablosu hakkında bilgi veren gazetenin kimliği ve yazı kadrosuyla da nitelikli bir yayın olduğu anlaşılmıştır.
Dinamika aktivitas penangkapan ikan dan pendapatan nelayan disekitar kegiatan pertambangan Desa Batuawu Kecamatan Kabaena Selatan Kabupaten Bombana
Authors: Sidiq Azwar , Arsal La Ode Muhammad , Risfandi
Published: March 2024

Kegiatan pertambangan telah menimbulkan dampak rusaknya ekosistem di daerah pesisir dan gangguan aktivitas penangkapan nelayan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dinamika aktivitas penangkapan ikan, tingkat pendapatan, dan strategi adaptasi nelayan Desa Batuawu akibat kegiatan pertambangan. Responden diambil dengan metode sensus yakni sebanyak 18 Rumah Tangga Perikanan (RTP). Data primer dianalisis menggunakan analisis deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kegiatan penangkapan ikan umumnya dilakukan secara one day fishing. Pada musim puncak, rata-rata trip penangkapan 15 hari/bulan, sedangkan pada musim paceklik 5 sampai 10 trip/bulan. Ukuran rata-rata perahu lebih kecil dari 2 GT, dilengkapi dengan mesin antara 5,5 PK sampai 16 PK. Aktivitas pertambangan telah menyebabkan kekeruhan dan penurunan kualitas perairan, sehingga ikut berpengaruh pada penurunan hasil tangkapan nelayan. Lokasi penangkapan terjauh berada di sekitar perbatasan Buton Selatan ”Kokoe”, dan terdekat di sekitar Pulau Sagori. Sebagian besar nelayan yang mengakses daerah penangkapan yang lebih jauh, menggunakan rawai dasar dan panah untuk menangkap ikan-ikan demersal yang memiliki nilai ekonomis tinggi. Hadirnya kegiatan pertambangan juga berpengaruh terhadap peningkatan permintaan ikan konsumsi, terutama untuk kebutuhan perusahaan, sehingga harga ikan menjadi lebih mahal. Disisi lain, kondisi tersebut berdampak negatif bagi masyarakat lokal, terutama bagi masyarakat berpenghasilan rendah. Pendapatan nelayan Desa Batuawu adalah Rp3.380.307 per bulan atau masih berada di atas Upah Minimum Kabupaten (UMK) Bombana. Strategi adaptasi yang dilakukan oleh nelayan dalam rangka menghadapi penurunan kondisi lingkungan pesisir yakni dengan merubah alat tangkap dan lokasi penangkapan, untuk menangkap ikan-ikan demersal yang memiliki nilai ekonomi yang lebih tinggi.
Nilai parameter wisata pesisir Pulau Sagori pada zona pemanfaatan umum
Authors: Afyudi Bobby , Nurdiana A  , Mansyur Akhmad
Published: March 2024

Pulau Sagori termasuk dalam Kawasan Pemanfaatan Umum sebagaimana tertuang dalam dokumen Rencana Zonasi Wilayah Pesisir dan Pulau-pulau Kecil (RZWP3K) dan dikelompokkan kedalam sub zonasi denga peruntukan wisata pesisir. Kawasan Pulau Sagori memiliki tingkat antropogenik yang tinggi yang dapat mempengaruhi kondisi ekologi serta sosial ekonomi pulau tersebut. Diperlukan sebuah studi lebih lanjut mengenai nilai kriteria kawasan wisata pesisir Pulau Sagori untuk mengetahui nilai kesesuaian kawasan wisata yang ada di Pulau Sagori berdasarkan penetapannya tersebut. Penelitian didasarkan pada 7 parameter penentu kawasan wisata pesisir laut dengan memberikan penilaian. Parameter tersebut antara lain Originality and naturalness, Uniqueness, Size of Area, Nature Beauty, Natural Amenity, Accessibility dan Historical Value. Sebagian besar nilai parameter tersebut sesuai dengan status peruntukan Pulau Sagori sebagai kawasan wisata pesisir laut. Penilaian parameter juga menunjukkan adanya potensi peluang ekonomi pada pembangunan sektor pariwisata untuk menambah nilai lebih kawasan pesisir Pulau Sagori. Namun demikian, dibutuhkan sebuah sistem ko-manajemen yang baik pada semua stakeholder yang terkait.
Analisis Kelimpahan dan Distribusi Ukuran Udang Galah (Macrobranchium rosenbergii) di Habitat Sungai Kabupaten Kolaka, Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara
Authors: Rakasiwi Geraldy , Yusnaini  , Ramli Muhammad , Fekri Latifa
Published: March 2024

Tingginya tingkat eksploitasi dan minimnya data tentang udang galah (Macrobranchium rosenbergii) diKabupaten Kolaka dapat berdampak pada kepunahan maupun penurunan ukuran pada spesie crustasea ini. Makadari itu penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisa karakteristik habitat M. rosenbergii, menganalisia kelimpahan dansebaran kelas ukuran dan menganalisa karakteristik habitat serta hubungannya dengan kelas ukuran dankelimpahan di sungai Baula dan sungai Merah kabupaten Kolaka. Dengan menggunakan metode pengukuranparameter fisik dan kimia perairan di dua sungai berbeda, kemudian dilakukan Pricinpal Component Analysis(PCA) dan Cluster Analysis (CA). Berdasarkan hasil, Terbentuk 4 kelompok habitat berdasarkankarakteristiknya, pada hulu sungai Baula menduduki tingkat kelimpahan tertinggi dibandingkan lokasi penelitianlain dan berdasarkan hasil analisis habitat diketahui ada 4 pembagian kelas jika dikaitkan dengan kelimpahan dan distribusikelas ukuran.
Tingkat Pemanfaatan dan Penyediaan Fasilitas Pangkalan Pendaratan Ikan Mangolo, Kabupaten Kolaka
Authors: Hasan Wahyuddin , Nur Andi Irwan , Alimina Naslina
Published: March 2024

Pangkalan Pendaratan Ikan Mangolo (PPI Mangolo) merupakan pelabuhan perikanan terbesar di Kabupaten Kolaka yang diharapkan menunjang pengembangan perikanan tangkap di daerah ini.  PPI Mangolo telah dilengkapi dengan berbagai fasilitas dan direncanakan untuk dikembangkan sesuai dengan tingkat pemanfaatan dan penyediaan fasilitas saat ini.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan tingkat pemanfaatan dan penyediaan fasilitas pokok dan fasilitas fungsional PPI Mangolo.  Fasilitas pokok termasuk dermaga dan kolam pelabuhan, sedangkan fasilitas fungsional termasuk penyediaan es, air bersih, dan tempat pelelangan ikan.  Penelitian dilaksanakan bulan Juli hingga September 2018.  Data dikumpulkan melalui pengamatan dan pengukuran langsung di lapangan serta wawancara pihak pengelola,  tokoh nelayan maupun pengguna jasa PPI Mangolo lainnya.  Tingkat pemanfaatan diperoleh dengan membandingkan antara pemanfaatan atau kebutuhan saat ini kapasitas yang tersedia.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa seluruh fasilitas yang diteliti tingkat pemanfaatannya belum maksimal, yaitu dermaga (24,74 persen), tempat pemasaran ikan (9,48 persen), air bersih (65,17 persen), dan es (15,75 persen).  Selain itu, terdapat fasilitas yang memerlukan penambahan kedalaman yaitu kolam pelabuhan.  Pengembangan PPI Mangolo sebaiknya mengarah pada upaya untuk meningkatkan kunjungan kapal ke pelabuhan baik melalui penataan fasilitas yang ada maupun melalui penawaran berbagai insentif bagi kapal yang mendaratkan hasil tangkapan di PPI Mangolo.
Pengaruh Konsentrasi Dan Lama Perendaman Dengan Menggunakan Sodium Tripolyphosphate Terhadap Karakteristik Mutu Produk Udang Kupas Mentah Beku Peeled And Deveined
Authors: Lestari Rizky Ayu , Asnani  , Besse Patadjai Andi , Aksa Azis Muh
Published: March 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk megetahui variasi konsentarsi STPP dan lama perendaman yang berbeda terhadap kemunduran mutu udang segar, dengan menggunakan parameter uji sensorik dan kimia. Jenis penelitian ini adalah eksperimen laboratorium dengan jumlah sampel pengujian sensorik sebanyak 6 sampel, pengujian rendemen dan kadar pospat sebanyak 18 sampel, pengujian nilai pH, kadar air, kadar abu dan TPC masing-masing sebanyak 6 sampel, TVB dan histologi masing-masing sebanyak 2 sampel. Hasil pengujian udang segar mentah beku perlakuan variasi konsentrasi STTP dan NaCl dengan waktu perendaman yang berbeda meliputi: berdasarkan uji ANOVA perlakuan kombinasi STPP dan NaCl dengan waktu perendaman yang berbeda berpengaruh tidak nyata terhadap rendemen dan berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap uji sensorik variabel kenampakan, tekstur dan rasa, sedangkan perlakuan mandiri kombinasi STTP dan NaCl serta perlakuan mandiri waktu perendaman berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap rendemen, sensorik kenampakan, teksur dan rasa tetapi berpengaruh tidak nyata terhadap bau. Pengujian mikrobiologi dan kimia dari sampel terpilih (C1T3 = kombinasi STPP dan NaCl 2,5% : waktu perendaman 3 jam) TPC 41,67,nilai pH 7,54, TVB 15,69 mg/100g, kadar air 81,12(%), kadar abu 1,82 (%) dan protein 33,56(%).
Kelimpahan dan Pola Pertumbuhan Kepiting Bakau (Scylla serrata) di Hutan Mangrove Teluk Kulisusu Utara, Buton Utara
Authors: Sari Indira Rosvita , La Sara  , Tadjuddah Muslim
Published: March 2024

ABSTRAKHutan Mangrove di Teluk Kulisusu Utara mengalami konversi lahan yang menyebabkan penurunan populasi kepitingbakau (S. serrata) dan penurunan hasil tangkapan nelayan. Kondisi kerapatan mangrove diklasifikasi dalam 4 kriteria menggunakan metode NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) Landsat 8 OLI, yakni kerapatan lebat (0,043 -1), kerapatan sedang (0,247 - 0,403), kerapatan jarang (0,082 - 0,247) dan kerapatan sangat jarang (0,027 - 0,082).Penggambilan sampel kepiting bakau bakau menggunakan bubu. Total sampling sejak April sampai June sebanyak 12 kali. Kelimpahan relatif kepiting bakau tertinggi ditemukan pada stasiun III yaitu 10,41 ind/trip yang ditemukan pada mangrove dengan kerapatan tinggi (0,403 - 1). Sedang kerapatan rendah terdapat pada stasiun II 0,08 ind/trip pada hutan mangrove dengan kerapatan sangat jarang (0,027 - 0,082). Hasil analisis pola pertumbuhan kepitig bakau menunjukan allometrik negative (b < 3). Oleh karena alat tangkap bubu yang digunakan banyak menangkap ukuran juvenile maka alat tangkap ini merupakan alat tangkap non selektif yang dapat mempengaruhi secara negative keberlanjutan populasi di lokasi perairan ini. Dengan demikian makan penggunaan alat perlu dirancang ulang (redesign) menjadi lebih selektif atau alat tangkapan tangkap mempunyai pintu keluar yang tujuannya untuk menjaga keberlanjutan sumberdaya populasi kepiting bakau.Kata kunci: Kepiting bakau (S. serrata), kerapatan mangrove, pola pertumbuhan
Pemanfaatan Bubuk Daun Ketapang (Terminalia cattapa) Untuk Meningkatkan Daya Tetas Telur Ikan Cupang (Betta sp.)
Authors: Melanisia Desi , Yuniarti Lumbessy Salnida , Dwi Hari Setyono Bagus
Published: March 2024

ABSTRAK Selama proses penetasan, embrio ikan cupang (Betta sp.) sangat rentan terhadap serangan bakteri, jamur atau mikroorganisme patogen lainnya. Salah satu bahan alternatif yang dapat digunakan sebagai antiparasit, antibakteri dan antijamur adalah daun ketapang (T. catappa) karena kandungan tanin dan flavonoid yang berperan sebagai antibiotik dan dapat menjaga kualitas air. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisa pengaruh pemanfaatan bubuk daun ketapang dalam meningkatkan daya tetas telur ikan cupang. Penelitian dilakukan selama 30 hari dengan menggunakan telur ikan cupang sebanyak 50 butir/wadah. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode eksperimental dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri atas 4 perlakuan konsentrasi bubuk daun ketapang dan 3 ulangan yaitu, P0 (kontrol); P1(1 g/L); P2 (1,5 g/L) dan P3 (2 g/L). Data dianalisis menggunakan Analisis Varian (ANNOVA) dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan. Parameter uji adalah waktu penetasan, pengamatan embrio, daya tetas telur (Hatching rate), kelangsungan hidup (Survival rate) larva serta kualitas air. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perendaman telur ikan cupang dengan konsentrasi bubuk daun ketapang 2 g/L (P3) memberikan hasil terbaik dimana waktu penetasan telur adalah15 jam setelah pembuahan dan jumlah telur menetas 106 ekor dengan total perkembangan embrio selama 15 jam serta daya tetas telur 70,7%. Kata kunci: daun ketapang, daya tetas telur, embrio, ikan cupang
Analisis Beberapa Parameter Populasi Ikan Cakalang (Katsuwonus pelamis) pada Perairan WPPNRI 714 yang Didaratkan di Pelabuhan Perikanan Samudera Kendari
Authors: Santoso Budi , Irwan Nur Andi , Alimina Naslina
Published: March 2024

Permintaan ikan Cakalang yang meningkat memiliki makna positif bagi pengembangan perikanan khususnya dari sisi ekonomi, terlebih bagi negara kepulauan seperti Indonesia yang memiliki potensi perikanan tangkap yang cukup luas dan potensial seperti di WPPNRI 714. Namun, tuntutan pemenuhan kebutuhan sumberdaya tersebut akan diikuti oleh tekanan eksploitasi sumberdaya ikan yang juga semakin intensif. Apabila tidak dikelola secara bijaksana, sangat dikhawatirkan pemanfataan sumberdaya secara intensif akan mendorong usaha perikanan ke dalam kehancuran dan terjadinya konflik dalam pemanfaatan sumberdaya ikan. Penguatan pengelolaan sangat memerlukan hasil penelitian tentang status stok terutama data parameter populasi dan tingkat eksploitasi untuk mendasarinya. Pengambilan data dalam penelitian ini dilakukan pada wilayah penangkapan WPP 714 yang didaratkan di PPS Kendari selama periode Oktober 2020 s/d September 2021 dengan jumlah sampel total sebanyak 1.259 ekor. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa parameter populasi cakalang meliputi struktur ukuran panjang cakalang yang tertangkap memiliki kisaran panjang cagak yaitu 150-770 mm, dan berat berkisar 40-10.820 g, dimana jumlah cakalang tertangkap dengan > 42 cm (63,07%) dan < 42 cm (36,93 %). Hubungan panjang berat menunjukan pola allometrik positif baik total maupun temporal dengan persamaan yaitu W = 0,000002L3,3998. Panjang asimtotik cakalang diperoleh yaitu 838,80 mm (83,88 cm) dan koefisien pertumbuhan yaitu 0,68 serta t0 yaitu -0,095.
Model Pengelolaan Berkelanjutan Kawasan Budidaya Udang Vanname (Litopenaeus vannamei) di Pesisir Kabupaten Mamuju
Authors: Huska  , Tuwo Ambo , Zainuddin
Published: March 2024

This study aims to determine the existing condition of the pond area that has the potential for aquaculture, estimate the business feasibility of aquaculture systems, build aquaculture models using dynamic analysis to see the most sustainable aquaculture system, develop dynamic models and simulate various scenarios for sustainable management. The applied aquaculture system was analysed with business feasibility by calculating total cost (TC), total revenue (TR), revenue, R/C and pay back period (PBP). Modelling of sustainable management of Vanname shrimp farming areas is done by formulating scenarios and simulation time and making dynamic models using Stella 9.0.1 software, all scenarios are simulated in a vulnerable time for the next 20 years. The results showed that the most effective cultivation system in 3 sub-districts is a semi-intensive system capable of returning investment or pay back period (PBP) which is about 1.4-1.6 years compared to the traditional system which is about 2.7-3.7 years. The simulation results show that the 3333 scenario in terms of cultivation technology is the best scenario or optimistic scenario to run so that the management of vanname shrimp farming in Mamuju Regency can be sustainable because in the next 20 years most of the cultivation technology will switch from traditional systems to semi-intensive systems.

Keywords: Dynamic Model, Business Feasibility, Vanname Shrimp.
Kepadatan dan Distribusi Bulu Babi (Echinoidea) di Padang Lamun Perairan Tolandono Pulau Tomia, Wakatobi
Authors: Kunuddin  , Ishak Ermayanti , Hamid Abdul
Published: March 2024

Bulu babi merupakan biota yang berasosiasi dan memiliki peranan penting dalam ekosistem padang lamun, serta sebagai faktor penentu kelimpahan dan sebaran tumbuhan laut perairan dangkal, seperti lamun. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kepadatan dan sebaran bulu babi di padang lamun, yang dilaksanakan pada bulan September 2022 di perairan Pulau Tolandono Kecamatan Tomia Kabupaten Wakatobi. Metode pengambilan data bulu babi dan lamun menggunakan transek kuadrat berukuran 1 x 1 m² yang diletakkan pada transek garis sepanjang 50 m sebanyak 4 kali ulangan dalam satu stasiun dengan masing-masing ulangan diletakkan 4 titik transek. Bulu babi yang ditemukan berjumlah 5 jenis, di antaranya yaitu Diadema setosum, D. antillarum, Echinotrix calamaris, Echinometra mathaei dan Tripneustes gratilla. Nilai kepadatan bulu babi antara 0,01-0,71 ind/m², dengan nilai kepadatan tertinggi pada jenis Diadema setosum, sedangkan jenis Echinometra mathaei memiliki nilai kepadatan terendah. Pola distribusi yan terbentuk bersifat mengelompok di setiap stasiun. Jenis lamun yang ditemukan di antaranya yaitu Cymodocea serrulata, Syringodium isoetifolium, Thalassodendron ciliatum, Halodule uninervis, Enhalus acoroides, dan Halophila ovalis. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kepadatan dan sebaran bulu babi pada padang lamun di perairan Pulau Tolandono relatif rendah.
The cutaneous beta human papillomavirus type 8 E6 protein induces CCL2 through the CEBPα/miR-203/p63 pathway to support an inflammatory microenvironment in epidermodysplasia verruciformis skin lesions
Authors: Vella Luca , Sternjakob Anna , Lohse Stefan , Fingerle Alina , Sperling Tanya , Wickenhauser Claudia , Stöckle Michael , Vogt Thomas , Roemer Klaus , Ołdak Monika , Smola Sigrun
Published: March 2024

Human papillomavirus type 8 (HPV8), a cutaneous genus beta HPV type, has co-carcinogenic potential at sun-exposed sites in patients suffering from the inherited skin disease epidermodysplasia verruciformis (EV). We had previously shown that Langerhans cells responsible for epithelial immunosurveillance were strongly reduced at infected sites and that the HPV8 E7 protein interferes with the CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein (C/EBP)β to suppress the Langerhans cell chemokine CCL20. At the same time, however, we observed that EV lesions are heavily infiltrated with inflammatory immune cells, which is similar to the situation in HPV8 E6 transgenic mice. To identify critical inflammatory factors, we used a broad multiplex approach and found that the monocyte attracting chemokine CCL2 was significantly and strongly induced by HPV8 E6 but not E7-expressing HaCaT cells, which were used as a model for UV-damaged skin keratinocytes. Conditioned media from HPV8 E6-expressing keratinocytes enhanced CCL2-receptor (CCR2)-dependent monocyte recruitment in vitro, and macrophages predominated in the stroma but were also detected in the epidermal compartment of EV lesions in vivo. CCL2 induction by HPV8 E6 was even stronger than stimulation with the proinflammatory cytokine TNF-α, and both HPV8 E6 and TNF-α resulted in substantial suppression of the transcription factor C/EBPα. Using RNAi-mediated knockdown and overexpression approaches, we demonstrated a mechanistic role of the recently identified C/EBPα/miR-203/p63 pathway for HPV8 E6-mediated CCL2 induction at protein and transcriptional levels. Epithelial co-expression of p63 and CCL2 was confirmed in HPV8 E6-expressing organotypic air–liquid interface cultures and in lesional EV epidermis in vivo. In summary, our data demonstrate that HPV8 oncoproteins actively deregulate epidermal immune homeostasis through modulation of C/EBP factor-dependent pathways. While HPV8 E7 suppresses immunosurveillance required for viral persistence, the present study provides evidence that E6 involves the stemness-promoting factor p63 to support an inflammatory microenvironment that may fuel carcinogenesis in EV lesions.
Geometry impact on fundamental properties of theophylline-containing SLS printed pharmaceutical tablets
Authors: Levine Valerie R. , Katsiotis Christos S. , Strømme Maria , Quodbach Julian , Lindh Jonas
Published: March 2024

Selective Laser Sintering (SLS) has the potential to offer a more accurate alternative to current-practice manipulation of oral dosage forms for pediatric, geriatric, and dysphagia-suffering patient groups. In order to create the best possible dosage forms for these patient groups, an in-depth look into how a dosage forms geometry impacts the overall properties is essential. In this study, the impact of geometry on SLS manufactured oral dosage forms on the tablet’s microstructure, actual-to-theoretical volume, mass deviation, disintegration, and dissolution was investigated. Three different shapes; cylinder, hollow cylinder, and conical frustum with similar surface area (SA), as well as three cylinders with different diameters, were investigated. The results indicate that the geometry has an impact on the mass uniformity, resultant volume, disintegration, and dissolution properties of the tablets. The mass uniformity analysis of the tablets provided the most variation between tablets of different sizes, with more uniformity for tablets with similar SA-to-volume ratio (SA/V). When examining the actual-to-theoretical volume of the tablets, a greater variance between the actual and theoretical volumes for shapes with higher overall SA was observed. The values found are approximately 1.05 for the three differently sized cylinders, 1.23 for the conical frustum, and 1.44 for the hollow cylinder, following this trend. Disintegration data supported a link between SA/V and average disintegration time, observed with the tablet of the highest SA/V disintegrating in 12 s and the tablet with the lowest SA/V disintegrating in 58 s. Dissolution results also indicated a strong dependence on SA/V. Hence, when novel ways to produce oral dosage form tablets become available by additive manufacturing, such as SLS, both geometry and SA/V must be taken into consideration in the tablet design process to ensure appropriate release kinetics and dosing standards.
Smart hospital: achieving interoperability and raw data collection from medical devices in clinical routine
Authors: Martens Eimo , Haase Hans-Ulrich , Mastella Giulio , Henkel Andreas , Spinner Christoph , Hahn Franziska , Zou Congyu , Fava Sanches Augusto , Allescher Julia , Heid Daniel , Strauss Elena , Maier Melanie-Maria , Lachmann Mark , Schmidt Georg , Westphal Dominik , Haufe Tobias , Federle David , Rueckert Daniel , Boeker Martin , Becker Matthias , Laugwitz Karl-Ludwig , Steger Alexander , Müller Alexander
Published: March 2024

Introduction

Today, modern technology is used to diagnose and treat cardiovascular disease. These medical devices provide exact measures and raw data such as imaging data or biosignals. So far, the Broad Integration of These Health Data into Hospital Information Technology Structures—Especially in Germany—is Lacking, and if data integration takes place, only non-Evaluable Findings are Usually Integrated into the Hospital Information Technology Structures. A Comprehensive Integration of raw Data and Structured Medical Information has not yet Been Established. The aim of this project was to design and implement an interoperable database (cardio-vascular-information-system, CVIS) for the automated integration of al medical device data (parameters and raw data) in cardio-vascular medicine.

Methods

The CVIS serves as a data integration and preparation system at the interface between the various devices and the hospital IT infrastructure. In our project, we were able to establish a database with integration of proprietary device interfaces, which could be integrated into the electronic health record (EHR) with various HL7 and web interfaces.

Results

In the period between 1.7.2020 and 30.6.2022, the data integrated into this database were evaluated. During this time, 114,858 patients were automatically included in the database and medical data of 50,295 of them were entered. For technical examinations, more than 4.5 million readings (an average of 28.5 per examination) and 684,696 image data and raw signals (28,935 ECG files, 655,761 structured reports, 91,113 x-ray objects, 559,648 ultrasound objects in 54 different examination types, 5,000 endoscopy objects) were integrated into the database. Over 10.2 million bidirectional HL7 messages (approximately 14,000/day) were successfully processed. 98,458 documents were transferred to the central document management system, 55,154 materials (average 7.77 per order) were recorded and stored in the database, 21,196 diagnoses and 50,353 services/OPS were recorded and transferred. On average, 3.3 examinations per patient were recorded; in addition, there are an average of 13 laboratory examinations.

Discussion

Fully automated data integration from medical devices including the raw data is feasible and already creates a comprehensive database for multimodal modern analysis approaches in a short time. This is the basis for national and international projects by extracting research data using FHIR.
Detection performance analysis of advanced direction time lightning detection system in China
Authors: Zhu Hualiang , Pang Wenjing , Chen Fengjiao , Zhang Miaomiao , Wang Jing , Wang Zhichao
Published: March 2024

In order to study the detection performance of the Advanced Direction Time Lightning Detection System (ADTD) over mainland China, the relationship between the detection efficiency (DE) and distance for ADTD sensor is analyzed using lightning location data by ADTD during 2014–2020, which fits well with the probability density function of the Gamma distribution. The DE and location accuracy of ADTD across China are hereafter evaluated according to the constructed probability density function. The results show that the DE of a single sensor first increases rapidly and then decreases slowly with the increase of the detection distance, and the model constructed based on the probability density function of Gamma distribution can explain this relationship well. In the regions with dense sensors such as central and eastern China, the DE of ADTD can reach 95%, with the majority of regions having lower location errors (less than 1,000 m). While, in the areas where sensors are sparse such as the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and at the edge of ADTD, the DE of ADTD is less than 90% (in some areas it is even lower than 50%), and the location error greater than 1,000 m. In general, ADTD can accurately detect cloud-to-ground lightning events in most areas of China, but its accuracy is limited in some areas due to sparse sensors and instrument parameter settings.
Deep learning-based spatial downscaling and its application for tropical cyclone detection in the western North Pacific
Authors: Chen Anqi , Yuan Chaoxia
Published: March 2024

Resolution of global climate models (GCMs) significantly influences their capacity to simulate extreme weather such as tropical cyclones (TCs). However, improving the GCM resolution is computationally expensive and time-consuming, making it challenging for many research organizations worldwide. Here, we develop a downscaling model, MSG-SE-GAN, based on the Generative Adversarial Networks (GAN) together with Multiscale Gradient (MSG) technique and a Squeeze-and-Excitation (SE) Net, to achieve 10-folded downscaling. GANs consist of a generator and a discriminator network that are trained adversarially, and are often used for generating new data that resembles a given dataset. MSG enables generation and discrimination of multi-scale images within a single model. Inclusion of an attention layer of SE captures better underlying spatial structure while preserving accuracy. The MSG-SE-GAN is stable and fast converging. It outperforms traditional bilinear interpolation and other deep-learning methods such as Super-Resolution Convolutional Neural Networks (SRCNN) and MSG-GAN in downscaling low-resolution meteorological data in assessment metrics and power spectral density. The MSG-SE-GAN has been used to downscale the TC-related variables in the western North Pacific in the low-resolution GCMs of HadGEM3-GC31 and EC-Earth3P, respectively. The downscaled data show highly similar TC activities to the direct outputs of the high-resolution HadGEM3-GC31 and EC-Earth3P, respectively. These results not only suggest the validity of the MSG-SE-GAN but also indicate its possible portability among low-resolution GCMs.
Application research on low cost support method for surrounding rock of broken section roadway in phosphate mine area
Authors: Xu Mengchao , Li Xiaoshuang , Wang Jiawen , Cao Mengzhen , Wang Menglai , Li Shujian
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Taking a phosphate mine in Yunnan as the engineering research background, the fractured rock mass of the No. 1 belt roadway is selected as the research object.

Methods: To reduce the cost of tunnel surrounding rock support and optimize construction technology, a combination of numerical simulation software Midas and on-site experiments was used to compare and analyze the distribution characteristics of the plastic zone of tunnel surrounding rock, deformation characteristics of tunnel surrounding rock, and stress characteristics of tunnel support anchor bolts under two support methods: double-layer spray anchor mesh and single-layer spray anchor mesh with steel bar.

Results: Research findings indicate that adopting the single-layer spray anchor mesh with steel bar support method results in a more uniform distribution of the plastic zone at the top of the tunnel surrounding rock, with a smaller range. The settlement of the roof and bulging of the bottom plate in the roadway’s surrounding rock, supported by a single-layer spray anchor mesh and steel bars, measure at 75.033 mm and 82.165 mm, respectively. Additionally, the internal bulging on both sides of the roadway’s surrounding rock is recorded as 37.835 mm and 37.470 mm, respectively. On the other hand, when utilizing a double-layer spray anchor mesh for support, the settlement of the roof and bulging of the bottom plate in the roadway’s surrounding rock are measured at 84.199 mm and 85.255 mm, respectively. Correspondingly, the internal bulging on both sides of the roadway’s surrounding rock records measurements of 41.670 mm and 41.756 mm, respectively. Furthermore, adopting the single-layer spray anchor mesh with steel bar support method ensures a more even transfer of axial forces to the steel bars, thereby increasing the overall load-bearing capacity. In contrast, the anchor bolts in the double-layer spray anchor mesh support method experience higher axial forces, leading to more pronounced stress concentration.

Discussion: By comparing the field monitoring data, it is evident that the single-layer spray anchor mesh with steel bar support method exhibits significantly better control over the tunnel surrounding rock than the double-layer spray anchor mesh support method. Therefore, replacing the double-layer spray anchor net support with a single-layer spray anchor net with steel bar support method is entirely feasible and can meet on-site practical production requirements. The research results hold significant value in providing guidance and reference for selecting cost-effective support schemes for tunnel surrounding rock.
Development and application of the overseas exchange willingness and demand survey questionnaire for medical students
Authors: Wang Jingna , Ni Haojie , Ma Huan , Wang Minyan , Shi Yun , Ji Conghua
Published: March 2024

Objective

There has been a significant increase in international student exchange in recent years, with medical students comprising a large proportion of international students. This study aimed to develop and validate a questionnaire, the Medical Student Overseas Exchange Willingness and Demand Survey Questionnaire (MS-OEWDSQ), to assess medical students’ intentions to study abroad and explore the potential influencing factors.

Methods

This study was conducted in three stages: item generation and scale development; pilot study; and examination of scale reliability and validity. The item pool for the questionnaire was compiled from a literature review, an assessment of other relevant questionnaires, and interviews with medical students. Descriptive statistics were generated, and correlation analysis was performed to analyze the questionnaire data. The reliability of the measure was examined according to its internal consistency and split-half reliability. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were used to determine the factor structure and test the construct validity.

Results

The final version of the MS-OEWDSQ comprised three factors with a total of 14 items. The total Cronbach’s α coefficient of the questionnaire was 0.844, and the total split-half reliability coefficient was 0.639. This study also identified several factors that may affect medical students’ willingness to go abroad for exchange. Specifically, education (p < 0.05) and foreign language level (p < 0.05) were associated with the MS-OEWDSQ score, providing directions for future related research.

Conclusion

This study developed and validated a questionnaire to measure medical students’ willingness and demand for overseas exchange. This measure provides a powerful tool for evaluating whether medical students are willing to participate in overseas exchange. The questionnaire can be employed to help medical students self-test their intention to study abroad and to help medical colleges provide more accurate support and assistance to students who intend to study abroad.
The role of targeting glucose metabolism in chondrocytes in the pathogenesis and therapeutic mechanisms of osteoarthritis: a narrative review
Authors: Pi Peng , Zeng Liqing , Zeng Zhipeng , Zong Keqiang , Han Bing , Bai Xizhe , Wang Yan
Published: March 2024

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common degenerative joint disease that can affect almost any joint, mainly resulting in joint dysfunction and pain. Worldwide, OA affects more than 240 million people and is one of the leading causes of activity limitation in adults. However, the pathogenesis of OA remains elusive, resulting in the lack of well-established clinical treatment strategies. Recently, energy metabolism alterations have provided new insights into the pathogenesis of OA. Accumulating evidence indicates that glucose metabolism plays a key role in maintaining cartilage homeostasis. Disorders of glucose metabolism can lead to chondrocyte hypertrophy and extracellular matrix degradation, and promote the occurrence and development of OA. This article systematically summarizes the regulatory effects of different enzymes and factors related to glucose metabolism in OA, as well as the mechanism and potential of various substances in the treatment of OA by affecting glucose metabolism. This provides a theoretical basis for a better understanding of the mechanism of OA progression and the development of optimal prevention and treatment strategies.
Quantitative susceptibility mapping for iron monitoring of multiple subcortical nuclei in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Mohammadi Sana , Ghaderi Sadegh , Sayehmiri Fatemeh , Fathi Mobina
Published: March 2024

Introduction

Iron accumulation in the brain has been linked to diabetes, but its role in subcortical structures involved in motor and cognitive functions remains unclear. Quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) allows the non-invasive quantification of iron deposition in the brain. This systematic review and meta-analysis examined magnetic susceptibility measured by QSM in the subcortical nuclei of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) compared with controls.

Methods

PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were systematically searched [following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines] for studies reporting QSM values in the deep gray matter (DGM) regions of patients with T2DM and controls. Pooled standardized mean differences (SMDs) for susceptibility were calculated using fixed-effects meta-analysis models, and heterogeneity was assessed using I2. Sensitivity analyses were conducted, and publication bias was evaluated using Begg’s and Egger’s tests.

Results

Six studies including 192 patients with T2DM and 245 controls were included. This study found a significant increase in iron deposition in the subcortical nuclei of patients with T2DM compared to the control group. The study found moderate increases in the putamen (SMD = 0.53, 95% CI 0.33 to 0.72, p = 0.00) and dentate nucleus (SMD = 0.56, 95% CI 0.27 to 0.85, p = 0.00) but weak associations between increased iron levels in the caudate nucleus (SMD = 0.32, 95% CI 0.13 to 0.52, p = 0.00) and red nucleus (SMD = 0.22, 95% CI 0.00 0.44, p = 0.05). No statistical significance was found for iron deposition alterations in the globus pallidus (SMD = 0.19; 95% CI −0.01 to 0.38; p = 0.06) and substantia nigra (SMD = 0.12, 95% CI −0.10, 0.34, p = 0.29). Sensitivity analysis showed that the findings remained unaffected by individual studies, and consistent increases were observed in multiple subcortical areas.

Discussion

QSM revealed an increase in iron in the DGM/subcortical nuclei in T2DM patients versus controls, particularly in the motor and cognitive nuclei, including the putamen, dentate nucleus, caudate nucleus, and red nucleus. Thus, QSM may serve as a potential biomarker for iron accumulation in T2DM patients. However, further research is needed to validate these findings.
Filtering characteristics of parallel-connected fixed capacitors in LCC-HVDC considering the variations of system strength
Authors: Yang Conghuan , Zhang Qingtao , Zhao Zhiyi
Published: March 2024

The AC power system strength exhibits time-varying characteristics during operation, thereby affecting the filtering performance of filters in the system. Failure to account for this variability may result in the harmonic levels exceeding permissible limits under specific power system strength, thereby affecting the normal operation of the power system. Consequently, building upon the existing filtering technique based on parallel-connected fixed capacitors for LCC-HVDC systems, a method for tuning the parameters of parallel-connected capacitors is proposed, thereby the capacitance range meets the filtering requirements under various system strengths.
Spatiotemporal distribution patterns of soil ciliate communities in the middle reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River
Authors: Huang Qian , Li Mingyan , Li Tianshun , Zhu Shiying , Wang Zhuangzhuang , Pu Bu
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Soil ciliates, as protozoa, play a crucial role in biogeochemical cycling and the soil food web, yet they are highly sensitive to environmental fluctuations in soil conditions. The diversity and biogeographic characteristics of soil ciliates in the Tibetan Plateau remain poorly understood. As part of a regional survey focused on soil ciliate diversity, we investigated the composition and spatiotemporal variations of soil ciliate communities along the Yarlung Zangbo River, a representative soil habitat in the Tibetan Plateau.

Methods: A total of 290 soil samples were collected from four habitat types of grassland, shrubland, forestland and wetland in the middle reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River during the wet and dry seasons, and 138 species of ciliates were identified.

Results: Soil ciliate diversity exhibited greater variation across habitat types than seasons. Moreover, soil ciliate diversity was higher during the wet season compared to the dry season, with the wetland habitat showing the highest diversity and the grassland habitat displaying the lowest. We observed spatiotemporal heterogeneity in the composition of soil ciliate communities across different seasons and habitat types. Notably, Litostomatea, Karyorelictea, and Prostomatea predominated in ciliate communities during the wet season and in grassland habitat. Phyllopharyngers dominated during dry seasons and in forested regions, while Spirotrichea species were prevalent in wetland and forested areas. The co-occurrence network analysis showed that soil ciliate community was more complex in wet season than in dry season, and the stability of soil ciliate community in wet season was higher than that in dry season. The stability of soil ciliate community in wetland was higher than that in forestland, shrubland and grassland, and the anti-interference ability was stronger. Soil temperature (ST), Total nitrogen (TN), Soil organic matter (SOM) and Soil water content (SWC) are important factors affecting the structure of soil ciliate community. By influencing the metabolic rate and nutrient acquisition of soil ciliates, the distribution pattern of soil ciliate community diversity in the middle reaches of Yarlung Zangbo River is shaped.

Discussion: In summary, this study revealed the distribution pattern of soil ciliate community diversity in the Yarlung Zangbo River Basin, and the key factors affecting the spatial and temporal differences and stability of the community, enhancing our understanding of how ciliates adapt to environmental conditions in soil habitats across the Tibetan Plateau.
Current status of immunological therapies for rheumatoid arthritis with a focus on antigen-specific therapeutic vaccines
Authors: Zimmerman Daniel H. , Szekanecz Zoltan , Markovics Adrienn , Rosenthal Kenneth S. , Carambula Roy E. , Mikecz Katalin
Published: March 2024

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is recognized as an autoimmune joint disease driven by T cell responses to self (or modified self or microbial mimic) antigens that trigger and aggravate the inflammatory condition. Newer treatments of RA employ monoclonal antibodies or recombinant receptors against cytokines or immune cell receptors as well as small-molecule Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors to systemically ablate the cytokine or cellular responses that fuel inflammation. Unlike these treatments, a therapeutic vaccine, such as CEL-4000, helps balance adaptive immune homeostasis by promoting antigen-specific regulatory rather than inflammatory responses, and hence modulates the immunopathological course of RA. In this review, we discuss the current and proposed therapeutic products for RA, with an emphasis on antigen-specific therapeutic vaccine approaches to the treatment of the disease. As an example, we describe published results of the beneficial effects of CEL-4000 vaccine on animal models of RA. We also make a recommendation for the design of appropriate clinical studies for these newest therapeutic approaches, using the CEL-4000 vaccine as an example. Unlike vaccines that create or boost a new immune response, the clinical success of an immunomodulatory therapeutic vaccine for RA lies in its ability to redirect autoreactive pro-inflammatory memory T cells towards rebalancing the “runaway” immune/inflammatory responses that characterize the disease. Human trials of such a therapy will require alternative approaches in clinical trial design and implementation for determining safety, toxicity, and efficacy. These approaches include adaptive design (such as the Bayesian optimal design (BOIN), currently employed in oncological clinical studies), and the use of disease-related biomarkers as indicators of treatment success.
Human milk oligosaccharides differentially support gut barrier integrity and enhance Th1 and Th17 cell effector responses in vitro
Authors: Boll Erik Juncker , Lopez Daniel Villalba , Terne Mandy , Hessing Sara , Parschat Katja , Jensen Stina Rikke
Published: March 2024

Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) can modulate the intestinal barrier and regulate immune cells to favor the maturation of the infant intestinal tract and immune system, but the precise functions of individual HMOs are unclear. To determine the structure-dependent effects of individual HMOs (representing different structural classes) on the intestinal epithelium as well as innate and adaptive immune cells, we assessed fucosylated (2′FL and 3FL), sialylated (3′SL and 6′SL) and neutral non-fucosylated (LNT and LNT2) HMOs for their ability to support intestinal barrier integrity, to stimulate the secretion of chemokines from intestinal epithelial cells, and to modulate cytokine release from LPS-activated dendritic cells (DCs), M1 macrophages (MØs), and co-cultures with naïve CD4+ T cells. The fucosylated and neutral non-fucosylated HMOs increased barrier integrity and protected the barrier following an inflammatory insult but exerted minimal immunomodulatory activity. The sialylated HMOs enhanced the secretion of CXCL10, CCL20 and CXCL8 from intestinal epithelial cells, promoted the secretion of several cytokines (including IL-10, IL-12p70 and IL-23) from LPS-activated DCs and M1 MØs, and increased the secretion of IFN-γ and IL-17A from CD4+ T cells primed by LPS-activated DCs and MØs while reducing the secretion of IL-13. Thus, 3′SL and 6′SL supported Th1 and Th17 responses while reducing Th2 responses. Collectively, our data show that HMOs exert structure-dependent effects on the intestinal epithelium and possess immunomodulatory properties that confer benefits to infants and possibly also later in life.
Coagulation profile in hospitalized children with COVID-19: pediatric age dependency and its impact on long COVID development
Authors: Boyarchuk Oksana , Perestiuk Vita , Kosovska Tetyana , Volianska Liubov
Published: March 2024

Introduction

Pulmonary endotheliopathy and microvascular immunothrombosis play a key role in acute COVID-19. Moreover, persistent endotheliopathy and heightened coagulability frequently occur in individuals recovering from COVID-19, suggesting the intriguing possibility of their role in the development of long COVID. The aim of our study was to investigate the coagulation profile in patients with COVID-19 based on age and their role in the development of long COVID.

Methods

We conducted a prospective single-center cohort study from September 2022 to August 2023. The study involved 190 patients younger than 18 years who were hospitalized at the Ternopil City Children's Hospital, Ukraine due to COVID-19. Patients underwent determination of coagulation profile in addition to the general clinical examination. After discharge from the hospital, patients were monitored for the presence of long COVID symptoms. Among the 157 participants who consented for follow-up, 62 patients (39.5%) had long COVID symptoms according to the WHO definition, while the rest (95 patients) did not have symptoms of long COVID (fully recovered).

Results

The study revealed the normal count of platelets in the majority of patients (86.8%), whereas abnormalities in the coagulation profile were revealed in 94.5% of children with COVID-19, and these changes were age-dependent. The patients were mostly presented with increased activated partial thromboplastin time (69.1%), prothrombin time (PT) (39.8%) and D-dimer (45.0%). There was no significant difference between the median of platelet levels and coagulation profile indicators between the groups with long COVID and recovered. Among children who developed persistent long COVID symptoms there was a statistically higher percentage of abnormal PT values (53% versus 36.1%, p=0.0432), with no significant differences in other coagulation profile indicators. Abnormal PT along with female gender, comorbidities, especially allergic pathology, nutritional disorder, including obesity, were determined as potential risk factors of the long COVID development (Odds ratio - 2.0611; 95% 1.0179-4.1737, p=0.0445).

Conclusions

The study highlights the need for more extensive research into the coagulation profiles of pediatric populations, considering age-specific factors. This could enhance our understanding of thromboinflammation in COVID-19 and its potential contribution to the development of persistent symptoms.