bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
How the law of negligence affects clinical practice
Authors: Finch John
Published: October 2020

Negligence is not a word that figures happily in discussions of professional practice. In this article, John Finch, a freelance journalist in clinical law and ethics, examines precisely what the law says about negligence in clinical practice and presents a message that is more encouraging than many might have imagined
Mediators, confounders and effectiveness of interventions for medication adherence after stroke
Authors: Hill James , Harrison Joanna , Raj Sonia , Gregary Bindu , Timoroksa Anne-Marie , Gibson Josephine
Published: October 2020

After a stroke, people are left with an increased risk of recurrence. One of the primary methods of prevention is the use of a range of medications, but adherence to these is often low. This article evaluates and summarises three systematic reviews that investigate possible underlying reasons for this and how to overcome these barriers.
Ankle motor strategy use in older and younger adults as assessed by a two-dimensional kinematic analysis smart device application
Authors: Criminger Christina , Thompson Mary , Swank Chad , Medley Ann
Published: October 2020

Background/aims

Motor strategies change with age, resulting in balance deficits. Clinical options for objectively measuring motor strategies are limited. The use of two-dimensional kinematic analysis through smart devices and applications may provide a cost-effective portable solution for measuring differences in motor strategy use between older and younger adults. The aims of this study were to investigate the concurrent validity of a two-dimensional software and two-dimensional application and to determine whether the application could capture the difference in ankle motor strategy use by older and younger adults (construct validity).

Methods

Video clips captured by Sony and iPad Air cameras were used to assess concurrent validity between the two-dimensional software and application. A total of 30 older (72.6 ± 4.0 years) and 30 younger (26.5±4.5 years) adults performed forward and backward stepping. A two-dimensional applicationmeasured the ankle position in degrees and time taken in seconds to initiate and complete a compensatory step.

Results

The two-dimensional software and app demonstrated excellent reliability (ICC2,1 ≥0.994). The ankle forward stop angle differed significantly between older and younger adults (P=0.012). No differences were observed in time taken to initiate and complete a compensatory step.

Conclusions

The two-dimensional application appears to be a valid alternative to two-dimensional software for measuring ankle motor strategies. Further investigation for clinical use is warranted.
Caring for Our Caregivers: a feasibility study of caregiver preparedness training within inpatient brain injury rehabilitation
Authors: Stepansky Kasey , Sethi Amit , Toto Pamela , Bleakley Scott
Published: October 2020

Background/aims

Evidence-based inpatient caregiver training may ensure that caregiver needs are met and hospital readmission costs reduced. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of implementing a caregiver education model, Caring for Our Caregivers, within an inpatient brain injury programme.

Methods

A total of 32 adults were admitted to inpatient neurorehabilitation during the 7-week feasibility trial. The three-step Caring for Our Caregivers programme included evidence-based recommendations following a caregiver needs assessment, goal setting and hands-on training. Satisfaction levels and caregiver preparedness were assessed via a survey.

Results

The caregiver needs assessment and goal collaboration was completed within 5 days 66% of the time. Results indicated an even distribution of hands-on (47%) and discussion-based (53%) education. Caregivers and staff identified high levels of satisfaction with the programme.

Conclusions

Early engagement, collaborative goals and hands-on training of the family caregiver of a client with acquired brain injury during inpatient rehabilitation demonstrated initial feasibility with positive implications for caregiver satisfaction and community discharge.
Getting to know an unlikely bunch
Authors: Senior Amy
Published: October 2020

We all know of them—but what do we know about them? Amy Senior helps us get to know the board of the Joint Council of Cosmetic Practitioners in part one of this two-part series
From fellowship to leadership
Authors: Gartshore L
Published: October 2020

The Lady Estelle Wolfson Emerging Leaders Fellowship offers women an opportunity to fast track their leadership skills, and their career aspirations, through mentorship and networking. Initiatives such as this are in line with the call for action made across healthcare to address diversity and inclusivity, and task our profession to strive for gender balance in the workforce.

The Lady Estelle Wolfson Emerging Leaders Fellowship: where women can thrive, lead, inspire, and be unashamedly aspirational.
Building on our heritage
Authors: Lewry K , Mortensen N , Nott D
Published: October 2020

No longer a concrete frame, our London home is taking on a modern shape designed for the future of surgery.
Reporting orthopaedic surgeons' outcomes: 100 years after Codman
Authors: Leung B , Ricketts D , Ge X , Li C
Published: October 2020

UK surgeons often spend their working lives repeatedly performing a series of operations routine to them. Few data are collected on the outcomes of surgeons’ routine work. Any information given to patients about the success of a planned procedure will likely be derived from the literature. Mandatory collection of surgeons’ data is currently limited to specialist registers concerning arthroplasty and other complex surgery. The Paterson inquiry report, published in 2020, fell short of suggesting a comprehensive collection of outcomes data but recommended publication of a list of operations commonly performed by a surgeon. The idea of comprehensive data collection is not new. In 1905, an American shoulder surgeon, Ernest Codman, suggested the ‘end result’ idea, which involved publishing data regarding the outcome of every operation performed. Codman’s scheme (and his career) failed. This paper looks at the reasons for the failure of Codman’s idea and surveys the current schemes of surgical outcomes data collection. For future successful data collection, the interested parties need to agree why data should be collected, how the system will be paid for, what data will be collected, how data quality and interfering variables will be managed, and how the data will be analysed and presented to interested groups.

With many barriers to data collection still present, what lies ahead for quality assessment?
Parliamentary ethnography and feminist institutionalism: gendering institutions – but how?
Authors: Miller Cherry M.
Published: October 2020

Gender and politics scholars are conceptualising parliaments as workplaces, drawing on feminist institutionalist frameworks. Ethnography is a promising methodology that can be used to capture how gender is repeated over time. Ethnography offers scholars opportunities to explore heterogeneity by analysing actors as multiply positioned – with and through institutional rules – and affords attention to ambiguity and contradictions by examining everyday ambivalences. Furthermore, it can nuance conceptions of agency, treating agency as in process rather than as static. Despite these potentials, this article finds that the pairing between ethnography and institutionalism has been problematised and considers these concerns in depth. The diversity of feminist institutionalism across epistemological leanings makes for an important reflexive exercise about what ethnography can offer and how it can be practised. More specifically, the article argues that feminist institutionalism can be thickened with ethnography and by drawing on Butler’s concepts of interpellations, undoing and iterability.
Phase locking and homodyne detection of repetitive laser pulses
Authors: Wang Yunxiang , Yan Shihao , Huo Meng , Li Xiang , Su Jun , Shi Shuangjin , Wang Zhiyong , Qiu Qi
Published: October 2020

A method to realize pulse laser phase locking and homodyne detection is proposed, which can be used in lidar and continuous variable quantum key distribution (CVQKD) systems. Theoretical analysis shows that homodyne detection of pulse laser has a sensitivity advantage of more than 4 dB over heterodyne detection. An experimental verification setup was constructed to realize phase-locking and homodyne detection of pulse lasers at repetition rates from 50 kHz to 2.4 MHz. For 320 ns signal laser pulses at 300 kHz with peak power of -65 dBm, the phase error is 8.9° (mainly limited by the chirp effect in the modulation of signal laser), and the detection signal-to-noise ratio reaches 20.2 dB. When the peak power is reduced to -75 dBm, phase locking and homodyne detection can still be achieved. Homodyne detection based on phase locking could serve as a novel weak-laser-pulse receiving method with high sensitivity and anti-interference performance.
The time(s) of the photographed
Authors: Tavakol Reza
Published: October 2020

The relationship between the photographic and optical images and time has been the subject of great deal of debate. Despite their differences, what many of these considerations have in common is their focus on the receiver, whether mechanical (the camera), biological (the eye–brain as the optical receiver), social or the memory and imagination of the observer. My aim here is to shift the emphasis from the receiver to the object or vista that is photographed or viewed and to explore how the constraints implied by our modern understanding of the Universe, concerning space and time, impact on the way we perceive photographic and optical images. Viewed from this perspective, photographs can be treated as light projections of sections of the four-dimensional observable world onto two-dimensional spatial photographic or viewing surfaces. I shall show that despite the severe reduction that such projections imply, these modern considerations have the important consequence of bestowing a complex temporality upon optical images, including photographs. This realization dramatically changes the way we view photographs. I give examples of this rich temporality through considerations of terrestrial images – and more significantly images of the Sky, where these temporal effects are far more pronounced.
Landscape as a twist of thought: A line of enquiry
Authors: Trangmar Susan
Published: October 2020

How can an art practice based upon lens imaging help us to question landscape as a pictorial category fixed in space and time? This article proposes that we practise landscape as an ongoing process that always surpasses human spatial and temporal framing while enfolding the activity of the human within it. Starting with reference to a specific geographic, geological and environmental site, the article tracks a process of situated making using the smartphone camera as the fulcrum of a performative activity.
Memory, Bernadette Mayer (2020)
Authors: Lee Louisa
Published: October 2020

Review of: Memory, Bernadette Mayer (2020)

New York: Siglio Press, 336 pp.,

ISBN 978-1-93822-125-5, h/bk, $45.00
Cuidado Multiprofissional na Estratégia Saúde da Família a Mulheres com Diabetes Mellitus Gestacional / Multiprofessional Care in the Family Health Strategy for Women With Gestational Mellitus Diabetes
Authors: Brito João Gabriel Cordeiro de , Barbosa Milton Jorge Lobo , Araújo Kelmalary Gomes de , Silva Dailton Santos
Published: October 2020

Resumo: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura que objetivou descrever a assistência ofertada pela Equipe da Estratégia Saúde da Família á mulheres com Diabetes Mellitus gestacional, evidenciados na literatura científica. A coleta de dados foi realizada nos meses de agosto a setembro de 2020 nas bases de dados Medical Literature Analyses and Retrieval System Online), Literatura Latino-Americana em Ciências da Saúde, Base de Dados de Enfermagem. Foram identificados 382 estudos, sendo a amostra composta por nove estudos. Os dados foram expostos em tabela-síntese e em categorias temáticas e discutidos em conformidade à literatura pertinente. Evidenciou-se a existência de falhas na atenção prestada às mulheres com diabetes gestacional e a importância do papel desempenhando por profissionais que prestam assistência a essas pacientes no âmbito da Estratégia Saúde da Família, favorecendo a prática do autocuidado. Faz-se necessário uma visão holística para essas mulheres com intuito de prevenir os agravos, melhorando a assistência e cuidado com elas. Descritores: Diabetes gestacional. Gravidez. Estratégia de saúde da família. Equipe Multiprofissional.
Pengaruh Kinerja Keuangan dan Karakteristik Perusahaan terhadap Pengungkapan Lingkungan di Perusahaan yang terdaftar di Singapore Exchange
Authors: Wahyuningrum Indah Fajarini Sri , Putri Nilam , Hidayah Retnoningrum
Published: October 2020

Pengungkapan lingkungan merupakan salah satu bentuk tanggung jawab perusahaan terhadap lingkungan di sekitarnya. Pengungkapan lingkungan diharapkan juga dapat menarik para stakeholder untuk berinvestasi dan memberikan keuntungan pada perusahaan. Meskipun otoritas di beberapa negara masih tidak mewajibkan perusahaan untuk mengeluarkan pengungkapan lingkungan, pengungkapan lingkungan menjadi sesuatu yang penting karena mencakup seluruh aktivitas perusahaan dan dampaknya terhadap lingkungan. Namun, banyak perusahaan yang lebih berfokus pada kinerja perusahaan dan belum menyajikan pengungkapan lingkungan dalam laporan tahunannya. Oleh sebab itu, penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengidentifikasi pengaruh antara kinerja keuangan dan karakteristik perusahaan terhadap pengungkapan lingkungan perusahaan. Variabel dependen dalam penelitian ini adalah pengungkapan lingkungan yang diukur dengan checklist items sesuai dengan Global Reporting Initiatives (GRI) Standard 2016. Terdapat empat variabel independen dalam penelitian ini yaitu: profitabilitas (Return on Equity - ROE), leverage, ukuran perusahaan dan tipe industri. Penelitian ini menggunakan data yang diperoleh dari laporan tahunan (annual report), laporan berkelanjutan (sustainability report) milik perusahaan yang terdaftar di Singapore Exchange (SGX) tahun 2018. Terdapat 61 perusahaan sebagai sampel dan diambil sesuai dengan metode purposive sampling. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik analisis linear berganda sebagai metode analisis untuk menguji pengaruh dari variable-variabel independen terhadap pengungkapan lingkungan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ukuran perusahaan terbukti berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap pengungkapan lingkungan. Hal ini memperkuat bukti bahwa semakin besar ukuran perusahaan, kesadaran perusahaan lebih tinggi untuk melakukan pengungkapan lingkungan. Sebaliknya tiga variabel lain yaitu profitabilitas, leverage, dan tipe industri terbukti tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap pengungkapan lingkungan perusahaan yang terdaftar di SGX.
Thermochemical Characterization of Horns and Hooves for Carbonitriding Treatment
Authors: Ahmed Ismaila Idowu , Buhari Ajadi Abdulafeez , Abdulkareem Sulaiman , Yahaya Taiwo , Adebisi Jeleel Adekunle
Published: October 2020

Horns and hooves are abattoir wastes that have not been fully used and that are sometimes disposed of indiscriminately because of a limited understanding of their thermochemical properties. However, ancient blacksmiths intuitively rub animal horns on hot forging steels in anticipation of better performance. This study therefore conducts a thermochemical characterization of horns and hooves of selected animals, namely cows, sheep, and goats, for a better understanding of their thermochemical properties. A chemical analysis of horns and hooves was conducted using both a scanning electron microscope with energy-dispersive spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy for quantitative and qualitative analyses of the elements present, respectively. X-ray diffraction was carried out to determine the molecular phases present. The thermal behavior of samples was investigated using thermogravimetric analysis. All the samples analyzed confirmed the presence of carbon and nitrogen in significant quantities. Again, the results of thermal characterization showed cow hooves as the most thermally stable, whereas goat horns and hooves were the least thermally stable at an elevated temperature. The study therefore reinforces the potential of the horns and hooves for carbonitriding treatment of steels and consequently absolves these wastes from underutilization and indiscriminate dumping in the environment.
A Complexity Framework for Self-Engineering Systems
Authors: Brooks Sam , Roy Rajkumar
Published: October 2020

To ensure extended useful life of systems during pandemics such as coronavirus disease (COVID-19), systems independent of traditional maintenance, repair, and servicing will be required. Ambitious new designs are needed, such as self-engineering (SE) systems to automatically respond to return lost functionality and improve product resilience without human intervention. Development in SE has focused on self-healing materials, self-reconfiguring electronics, and self-adapting robotics. There has been little work to evaluate SE systems holistically and develop new design tools for creating new SE systems. This paper presents a framework for evaluating the complexity of SE systems and the validation of the framework with expert interviews. There was agreement between experts and the authors for 21/24 of factors for the 8 SE examples (4 biological and 4 engineering) evaluated using the framework. Disagreements in results were caused by a lack of knowledge on the system being evaluated or misunderstanding about the system operation.
A comparative study of the effects of self-assessment and peer feedback on literature students’ oral production
Authors:   University of Mazandaran, Azizi Mahmoud , Kralik Roman ,   Contantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Petrikovicova Lucia ,   Contantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Tkáčová Hedviga ,   University of Zilina
Published: October 2020

Introduction. The purpose of the current study is to investigate self-assessment and peer feedback as two helpful strategies for facilitating teaching and learning in language classrooms and to investigate the effects of these techniques on EFL learners' oral performance. Materials and Methods. To achieve the purpose of the study and answer the research questions, a quasi-experimental study was conducted. The participants of the study were two groups of five EFL learners who were called self-assessment group and peer feedback group. The self-assessment and peer feedback techniques were incorporated to the self-assessment and peer feedback group respectively. There were a pretest and posttest sessions and four sessions of treatment were between the pretest and posttest. The instruments used in this study were storyboards and checklists. The data was collected via recording device and then it was transcribed for further analysis. Some parts of the data were also analyzed qualitatively. Results. The findings of the present study showed that both techniques are helpful in different aspects of oral performance. Self-assessment had significant effects on the use of correct error- free clauses, subject verb agreement, word choice and tense consistency and also the features of fluency and organization. Conclusions. Peer feedback also improved the use of error-free clauses and fluency but not the other items. But there is no significant difference between the two techniques.
Characteristics of modern adolescents’ digital reading: Results of theoretical and empirical research
Authors:   Psychological Institute of the Russian Academy of Education, Borisenko Natalya Anatol'evna , Mironova Ksenia Vadimovna ,   Psychological Institute of the Russian Academy of Education, Shishkova Svetlana Viktorovna ,   Psychological Institute of the Russian Academy of Education, Granik Genrietta Grigor'evna ,   Psychological Institute of the Russian Academy of Education
Published: October 2020

Introduction. This article investigates the relationship between digital and paper reading within modern adolescents’ reading activities. The purpose of the study is to reveal the characteristics of adolescents’ digital reading compared to paper reading. Materials and Methods. The study involved theoretical analysis and consolidation of research findings on digital reading. Empirical data were collected via questionnaires, the focus group method, expert evaluation and structured interviews. Quantitative and qualitative analyses of the obtained data were carried out. Participants were 1835 schoolchildren in grades 5-8 (aged between 11 and 15 years) from 14 regions of the Russian Federation. Results. The authors summarized the findings of the theoretical and empirical study of adolescents’ digital reading compared to paper reading. In order to identify the specifics of modern adolescents’ digital reading, ‘Paper vs screen (reading from paper and reading from screens)’ questionnaire has been developed and empirically verified. The authors analyzed the content of students’ online reading, its range and intensity, reading preferences regarding the environment (analog/digital) and the medium (the type of device). Conclusions. The article concludes that at present adolescents’ reading activities are characterized by the cohesion of traditional and new reading practices. Nevertheless, paper reading remains the dominant format of book reading. Characteristics of modern adolescents’ digital reading include spontaneity, pragmatism, and situatedness. The findings suggest that digital reading preferences include informative and entertaining texts related to the field of everyday communication. Purposeful teaching of digital reading at school is highlighted as an important factor enhancing the effectiveness of reading performance.
Self-assessment of conflict resolution competencies by undergraduate students pursuing an education degree
Authors:   South Ural State Humanitarian and Pedagogical University, Sivrikova Nadezhda Valeryevna , Chernikova Elena Gennadyevna ,   South Ural State Humanitarian and Pedagogical University, Ptashko Tatyana Genad`evna ,   South Ural State Humanitarian and Pedagogical University, Kharlanova Elena Mikhailovna ,   South Ural State Humanitarian and Pedagogical University
Published: October 2020

Introduction. The article addresses the issue of developing prospective teachers’ competence in conflict resolution. Despite the fact that the ability to resolve conflicts in the field of education is considered as one of the key competencies, too little attention has been paid to studying the problem of self-evaluating conflict management competencies by students pursuing their undergraduate degrees in Education. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate how students evaluate their conflict resolution skills gained within the framework of initial teacher education course. Materials and Methods. By adopting a systematic approach, the study uses such theoretical methods as systemic analysis and synthesis, comparison, and generalization. In order to collect empirical data, an online survey was conducted. The study involved 287 undergraduate students (63 male and 224 female) doing their initial teacher education degree at a pedagogical university located in Chelyabinsk (Russia). Results. Having examined students' assessment of the need, composition, effectiveness and satisfaction with training in the field of conflict resolution, the authors found that lack of systematic conflict resolution training can lead to the imbalance between students’ theoretical awareness of conflict resolution strategies and practical skills of applying them in work-related situations. The authors conclude that future educators need targeted conflict resolution training, as they consider themselves insufficiently prepared to apply conflict resolution skills at workplace. Conclusions. The study suggests that self-evaluation of professional training in the field of conflict resolution by student teachers has the following attributes: 1) indirect involvement in teaching activities; 2) insufficient subject position of students regarding the fulfillment of their own needs for conflict resolution competencies.
Analysis of coping strategies of adolescents with delinquent behavior as a factor of improving psychological and educational support for students
Authors:   Vyatka State University, Volchenkova Elena Valeryevna , Kuznetsova Elena Vladislavovna ,   Kirov State Medical University, Sannikova Yulia Pavlovna ,   Kirov State Medical University, Semeno Nataliya Sergeevna ,   Kirov State Medical University, Voronina Olga Aleksandrovna ,   Vyatka State University
Published: October 2020

Introduction. The authors investigate the problem of improving psychological and educational support for adolescents with delinquent behavior. The purpose of the article is to analyze coping strategies of adolescents with delinquent behavior as a factor of improving psychological and educational support for students. Materials and Methods. The theoretical framework of the research includes the following methodological approaches: systemic, person-centered, activity-based and subjective. The research methodology consists of a theoretical analysis of psychological, educational and sociological literature; an ascertaining experiment, testing, a questionnaire, an analysis of psychological, medical and educational documents; qualitative and quantitative analyses involving mathematical and statistical data processing (Fisher's F-test). Results. The authors have developed and described criteria for the analysis of adolescents' coping strategies. The study reveals statistically significant differences between manifestations of stress factors, resources, coping strategies of adolescents with delinquent behavior and adolescents with socially acceptable behavior. It was found that coping strategies of delinquent adolescents, along with negative characteristics, have a resource potential, which is considered as a guideline for implementing preventive and remedial psychological and educational interventions. It was found that adolescents with delinquent behavior are more likely to use adaptive or relatively adaptive cognitive and emotional coping strategies when dealing with stressful situations (setting personal value, maintaining self-control, optimism). Behavioral coping strategies in most cases are non-adaptive (compensation, retreat, distraction). The authors have identified the factors, which, if taken into account, contribute to increasing the efficiency of psychological and educational support for students based on the analysis of their coping strategies. Conclusions. The article concludes that psychological and educational support for adolescents with delinquent behavior can be improved if peculiarities of their coping strategies are taken into account.
Undergraduate students’ metacognition of learning (with the main focus on students with different levels of mental self-regulation)
Authors:   Saint-Petersburg University, Perikova Ekaterinа Igorevna , Byzova Valentina Mihailovna ,   Saint-Petersburg University
Published: October 2020

Introduction. A number of researchers have reported the influence of metacognition and self-regulation on learning and academic performance. However, to date there has been little agreement on how these processes are related to each other. This study is aimed at identifying the relationship between metacognition and mental self-regulation of learning, as well as comparing the components of metacognitive awareness among students with different levels of mental self-regulation. Materials and Methods. A theoretical framework of this study included J. Flavell and A. Brown’s Metacognition Theory; Konopkin’s Structural-Functional Approach to Studying Conscious Self-Regulation and B. Zimmerman’s Self-Regulated Learning Theory. The study used the following psychological testing techniques: (a) V. Morosanova’s Style of Behaviour self-regulation questionnaire, (b) G. Schraw & R. Dennison’s Metacognitive Awareness Inventory (short version) adapted by Perikova and Byzova, (c) E. Y. Mandrikova’s Self-regulation questionnaire, (d) D. V. Lyusin’s Emotional intelligence inventory, (e) D. A. Leontiev’s Differential reflexivity diagnostic. The sample consisted of 186 students of St. Petersburg State University aged 19,51±1,39 years. Results. The results indicate a wide range of relationships between mental self-regulation and metacognitive, cognitive, motivational and emotional components. Self-regulation is primarily linked with metacognitive processes of control and regulation of cognition, as well as cognition management. Metacognitive awareness of general and individual patterns, cognitive abilities and strategies are included in the process of self-regulation to a lesser extent. However, the results of factor analysis and regression analysis indicate that metacognition components did not affect self-regulation. Analysis of the variance confirmed that individuals with a low level of self-regulation demonstrate significantly less pronounced metacognitive, motivational and emotional components. Conclusions. The study demonstrates the systemic nature of the relationship between mental self-regulation and metacognitive components, as well as cognitive, motivational and emotional components.
Readiness of Russian botanic gardens potential visitors to participate in educational interaction
Authors:   Kola Science Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ishchenko Anastasia Vladimirovna , Sovetova Margarita Pavlovna ,   N. A. Avrorin Polar-Alpine Botanical Garden Institute, Mitina Elena Garisonovna ,   Murmansk Arctic State University
Published: October 2020

Introduction. The effectiveness of interaction between education and science is determined not only by quality of educational content, but also by characteristics of its perception by potential participants. This article is devoted to the main component of students' motivation – their learning readiness –within protected natural areas and other natural objects. The goal of the article is to evaluate the readiness of potential visitors of Russian botanic gardens to participate in educational processes arranged within protected areas. Materials and Methods. The research methods included reviewing and analysis of Russian and international studies on creating learning environments within protected areas, promotion of sustainable development and transmission of natural science knowledge by means of educational and motivational tools of educational tourism. The research data were collected using Google Forms (a survey administration software). In order to process the data, the authors used Fischer criterion and graphical analysis tools of Microsoft Office Excel. Results. The study evaluated readiness and motivation to participate in a relevant educational interaction among potential visitors of Russian botanic gardens. The article examined factors contributing to the efficiency of this process: participants’ experience of interaction with botanic gardens, needs and interests in interaction with botanic gardens within different age groups. It was found that high number of respondents pursued educational goals in visiting botanic gardens. Integrative programs which combine educational, creative and entertaining components were chosen by visitors aged up to 55 years. Visitors aged 55 years and over preferred mainly educational programs aimed at obtaining natural science knowledge and mastering relevant skills. At the same time, the absolute majority of respondents believed that they had no experience of participating in educational events in the studied protected areas. Conclusions. In general, the study found a certain readiness for educational interaction among potential visitors of Russian Botanic gardens. The authors conclude, that it is necessary to pay special attention to arranging this interaction taking into account participants’ age characteristics.
Functional state of schoolchildren’s adaptation system in conditions of separation from mobile communication devices
Authors:   Novosibirsk Research Institute of Hygiene, Novikova Irina Igorevna , Romanenko Sergey Pavlovich ,   Novosibirsk Research Institute of Hygiene, Lobkis Maria Aleksandrovna ,   Novosibirsk Research Institute of Hygiene, Ivleva Galina Petrovna ,   Novosibirsk Research Institute of Hygiene, Zubtsovskaya Nina Aleksandrovna ,   Novosibirsk Research Institute of Hygiene, Savchenko Oleg Andreevich ,   Omsk armored engineering Institute, Sorokina Aleksandra Vasilievna ,   Novosibirsk Research Institute of Hygiene
Published: October 2020

Introduction. The article examines the problem of creating healthy learning environments for children and adolescents. The purpose of this research is to identify the characteristics of functional state of schoolchildren’s adaptation system in conditions of limited use of mobile communication devices. Materials and Methods. Data for this study were collected using a hygiene experiment. The sample consisted of 355 schoolchildren. The observation group (n=155) included students separated from their mobile communication devices. The control group consisted of 180 students. The study involved evaluating the functional state of the adaptive capacity of compensatory adaptive mechanisms using generally accepted R. M. Baevsky’s method, modified for the purposes of the research. The identified indicators were subjected to statistical processing. The authors employed the following methods of theoretical research: comparison, formalization, generalization and system analysis. Results. The authors provide an international overview of interventions aimed at reducing mobile phone use in educational settings. The relationship between the state of schoolchildren’s adaptation mechanisms within all age groups and indicators of the cardiovascular system in conditions of separation from mobile communication devices was studied. The authors focus on the values of schoolchildren’s adaptive capacity in conditions of free use of mobile phones during the school day compared to the values obtained in conditions of smartphone separation. The study reveals the correlation between the activity and sensitivity of vegetative regulation of heart rate and gender and age characteristics. Conclusions. The research findings confirm the effectiveness of the restrictions imposed on the use of personal mobile communication devices at comprehensive schools. The authors conclude that limited use of mobile communication devices prevents reducing adaptive capacity of the child's body, therefore it reduces the risk of fatigue and pathological changes.
Kadar Mangiferin Pada Lima Kultivar Pucuk Daun Mangga (Mangifera indica L.)
Authors: Cahyanto Tri , Fadillah Afriansyah , Ulfa Risda Arba , Hasby Rizal Maulana , Kinasih Ida
Published: October 2020

AbstrakPemanfaatan pucuk daun mangga (Mangifera indica L.) oleh masyarakat menjadi lalapan dan dipercaya berkhasiat sebagai obat tradisional. Hal ini merupakan suatu proses kearifan lokal berdasarkan pengalaman empiris orang-orang terdahulu yang kemudian dijadikan kajian studi ilmiah, yaitu etnobotani. Kajian studi etnobotani termasuk pemanfaatan pucuk daun mangga sebagai lalapan masih jarang dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui senyawa bioaktif termasuk mangiferin yang terkandung dalam lima kultivar mangga. Sampel kultivar mangga yang digunakan dalam penelitian antara lain Manalagi, Arum manis, Cengkir, Gedong apel dan Golek. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu skrining fitokimia dan pengukuran kadar senyawa mangiferin dengan HPLC. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sampel positif mengandung senyawa bioaktif alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin dan tanin. Kadar senyawa mangiferin paling tinggi secara berurutan terdapat pada kultivar Arum manis (20,83%), Manalagi (20,56%), Gedong apel (18,54%), Cengkir (15,10%), dan Golek (5,05%). Kultivar mangga Arum manis memiliki kadar mangiferin paling tinggi, untuk selanjutnya dapat dikaji pemanfaatannya sebagai obat herbal tradisional. Abstract Utilization young leaf of mango (Mangifera indica L.) by the community as lalapan and it is believed to be efficacious as traditional medicines. This process through of local wisdom based on empirical experience of conservative people used as a scientific study, namely ethnobotany. Ethnobotany studies include the use of mango leaf shoots as fresh vegetables are still rarely performed.This study aims to determine bioactive compounds including mangiferin contained in five cultivars of mango. Mango cultivar samples used in this study include Manalagi, Arum manis, Cengkir, Gedong apel and Golek. The research method used was phytochemical screening and measurement of mangiferin compounds by HPLC. The results showed a positive sample containing bioactive compounds, alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins and tannins. The highest levels of mangiferin compounds were found in Arum manis (20.83%), Manalagi (20.56%), Gedong apel (18.54%), Cengkir (15.10%) and Golek (5.05%). Arum manis cultivars has highest value of mangiferin levels, which can be explored for their use as traditional herbal medicines.
Perilaku Harian Monyet Ekor Panjang (Macaca Fascicularis) Di Arboretum Universitas Riau (UNRI) Dan Sekitarnya
Authors: Fachrozi Ilham , Setyawatiningsih Sri Catur
Published: October 2020

AbstrakArboretum Universitas Riau (UNRI) merupakan habitat monyet ekor panjang (Macaca fascicularis). Banyak aktivitas di lokasi tersebut, diduga mempengaruhi pola perilaku M. fascicularis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perilaku harian M. fascicularis di Arboretum UNRI dan sekitarnya. Pengamatan menggunakan metode focal animal sampling dan ad libitum. Pengamatan perilaku harian M. fascicularis dilakukan pada kelompok A, yang berjumlah  9 ekor. Frekuensi jenis-jenis perilaku harian M. fascicularis secara berturut turut adalah perilaku pindah, istirahat, makan, bermain, menelisik, agresif, dan seksual. Macaca fascicularis pradewasa cenderung melakukan perilaku pindah, istirahat, dan bermain. M. fascicularis dewasa cenderung melakukan perilaku pindah, istirahat, dan makan. Jenis kelamin tidak berpengaruh terhadap perilaku harian M. fascicularis pradewasa, tetapi berpengaruh pada individu M. fascicularis dewasa, khususnya perilaku makan, berpindah, dan menelisik. Perilaku seksual intraspesies terjadi hanya pada individu betina alfa, dewasa (Ma) dengan jantan alfa dewasa (Mon). Perilaku menelisik dan mounting heteroskesual interspesies terjadi antara M. fascicularis jantan, alfa (Mon) dengan M. nemestrina betina dewasa. Perilaku mounting isoseksual terjadi antara M. fascicularis jantan dewasa dan pradewasa dari kelompok yang berbeda. Perilaku harian yang dipengaruhi oleh aktivitas manusia adalah perilaku makan.Abstract Riau University Arboretum is a habitat of long-tailed macaque (M. fascicularis). Human activities at the location are pressumed to influence M. fascicularis behavior patterns. The study aims to determine the daily behaviour of M. fascicularis in around of Arboretum UNRI. Observations used focal animal sampling and ad libitum methods. Observation of the daily behavior was carried out in Group A, which consisted of 9 individuals. The frequency of M. fascicularis daily behaviors were moving, resting, eating, playing,  grooming, aggresive, and sexual behaviour, respectively. Immature M. fascicularis are more likely to perform the moving, resting, and playing behavior. Whereas mature M. fascicularis are more likely to perform the moving, resting, and eating behavior. Gender does not affect the daily behavior of immature M. fascicularis, it affects the individual mature M. fascicularis, especially feeding, moving and grooming behavior. Intraspesific hetrosexual behaviour occured only between alfa, mature female(Ma) and alpha, mature male (Mon). Interspesific heterosexual grooming and mounting behaviors occured between M. fascicularis alpha, male individual and mature female M. nemestrina. Intraspecific mounting isosexual behavior occured on mature and immature of M. fascicularis from different group. The daily behavior that is influence by human activities is eating behaviour.
Sekuen DNA Parsial Dari Gen GAPDH Pada Sirsak (Annona muricata L.)
Authors: Roslim Dewi Indriyani , Asih Hastini , Herman Herman
Published: October 2020

AbstrakGen glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) merupakan salah satu gen referensi yang sering bertindak sebagai kontrol internal pada analisis ekspresi gen di beberapa spesies tumbuhan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis sekuen gen GAPDH parsial pada sirsak (Annona muricata L.). Metode meliputi persiapan sampel tanaman, isolasi DNA total menggunakan Genomic DNA mini kit Plant (Geneaid), amplifikasi gen GAPDH dengan teknik polymerase chain reaction (PCR), elektroforesis pada 1% gel agarose dan analisis data sekuen DNA. Studi ini telah memperoleh sekuen DNA dari gen GAPDH parsial sirsak sepanjang 961 pb. Sekuen tersebut memiliki kemiripan sekitar 68,93–84,35% dengan sekuen mRNA gen GAPDH pada beberapa spesies tumbuhan. Sekuen ini diprediksi terdiri dari 5 ekson dan 4 intron. Total ekson diprediksi terdiri dari 429 pb. Sekuen ini adalah yang pertama kali dilaporkan dari genus Annona dan juga dari famili Annonaceae. Sekuen ini dapat dimanfaatkan untuk analisis ekspresi gen pada sirsak dan dapat menjadi dasar untuk mengisolasi gen GAPDH spesies lain di dalam genus Annona dan famili Annonaceae. Abstract GAPDH (glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase) gene is one of reference genes that is frequently became an internal control in any plant species. This study reports a DNA sequence of parsial GAPDH gene on soursop (Annona muricata L.). Methods included sample preparation, total DNA isolation using Genomic DNA mini kit Plant (Geneaid), amplification of GAPDH gene using PCR (polymerase chain reaction) technique, electrophoresis using 1% agarose gel and data analysis. This study had been obtained the DNA sequence of soursop partial GAPDH gene sizing 961 bp. The sequence had 68.93–84.35% similarity to GAPDH mRNA of some plants species. The soursop partial GAPDH gene was predicted consisting of 5 exons and 4 introns. The total exons length was 429 bp. The sequence is the first reported from Annona genus and also Annonaceae family. The sequence can be used for gene expression in soursop and also can be used to isolate GAPDH gene of other species in Annona genus and Annonaceae family.
Epiploic appendagitis diagnosis linked to intestinal symptoms: Case reports
Authors: Ronny Ronny
Published: October 2020

Epiploic appendices are small pouches filled with projection-like fat structure adjacent to the antimesenteric side of the colon wall; they range in size from 0.5 to 5 cm and provide vascularization from small arterioles. Epiploic appendagitis is a benign condition of the epiploic appendices which leads to ischemia of the structure. Ischemia, therefore, causes localized sharp abdominal pain. Though uncommon, its symptoms can be diagnosed as acute lower abdominal pain since the symptoms could mimic diverticulitis and appendicitis. Thus, to diagnose epiploic appendagitis in this case, a CT scan was conducted to detect a fat-dense lesion of ovoid-like structure close to the colon. Given the good response to conservative management, establishing a correct diagnosis could help to minimize inappropriate invasive management.
Fatal disseminated toxoplasmosis in a brown-throated sloth (Bradypus variegatus) from Northern Brazil – Case report
Authors: Sant’Ana Fabiano José Ferreira de , Batista Juliana dos Santos , Blume Guilherme Reis , Sonne Luciana , Barros Claudio Severo Lombardo de
Published: October 2020

The clinical and pathological findings of a case of fatal disseminated toxoplasmosis in a captive brown-throated sloth (Bradypus variegatus) from the northern region of Brazil are reported. Clinical signs were nonspecific and included apathy, prostration, dyspnoea, and loss of appetite. Treatment with penicillin was attempted, but the animal died within five days of the onset of clinical signs. Microscopically, there was acute inflammation in the liver, spleen, and lungs associated with necrosis and a few cysts and extracytoplasmic tachyzoites, with a morphology compatible withToxoplasma gondii. Tissue sections were submitted for immunohistochemistry that confirmedT. gondiias the aetiological agent. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first report of toxoplasmosis inB. variegatus.
Chemical Analysis of Population Variability in Peganum Harmala (var. Harmala)
Authors: Gholami T. , Peyvandi M. , Abbaspour H. , Noormohammadi Z. , Sharifnia F.
Published: October 2020

Both the primary and secondary metabolisms of higher plants are influenced by environmental conditions. Peganum harmala L. synthesise amazing diversity of secondary metabolites, such as alkaloids, volatile oils, triterpenes or sterols. We have no detailed information on genetic chemical contents and particularly the fatty acid contents of this plant species in Iran. Therefore, population-based fatty acid and alkaloid analyses were conducted in four geographical populations. Seeds fatty acid analysis revealed linoleic acid, oleic acid and palmitic acid were the main components in seeds oil. The highest fatty acid component was the linoleic acid in both mature and premature seeds of four studied populations. Low levels of 18:3/18:2 ratio in mature seeds (>0.01) in comparison to premature seeds (> 0.04) were found. Grouping of the populations by WARD clustering, separated mature seeds from premature seeds. CCA plot of P. harmala populations based on fatty acid contents, revealing the influence of geographical features on population differentiation. The main alkaloid contents in premature and mature seeds were harmine and harmaline. PCoA plots of the studied populations based on alkaloid contents for both premature and mature seeds separated the populations from each other.
Lichens and Lichenicolous Fungi from Muş Province in Turkey
Authors: Yazici K. , Aslan A. , Karahan D. , Aptroot A. , Sipman H. J. M.
Published: October 2020

A contribution to the lichen flora of Turkey is presented. A total of 282 lichen taxa and 20 lichenicolous fungi, of which 4 are varieties, are determined from 87 different localities in Muş province (Turkey).Lichenostigmagracile,a lichenicolous fungus, is new to Turkey, and 274 lichen species and 20 lichenicolous fungi are new for Muş.