bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Introduction du colloque « Loi de bioéthique du 2 août 2021. Quel impact sur nos vies ?
Authors: Esper Claudine
Published: February 2023

L’Académie de médecine, l’Institut Droit et Santé de l’Université Paris Cité, le Comité éthique et cancer sont les partenaires dans l’organisation de cette journée consacrée à la loi du 2 août 2021 relative à la bioéthique. Sans remettre en cause des dispositions adoptées après deux années de débats parlementaires et désormais en vigueur, l’objectif est d’étudier leur contenu et leur mise en pratique sur le terrain. La loi étant très vaste, le comité d’organisation a dû effectuer des choix sur les sujets traités. Il a retenu ceux de la procréation, les enfants présentant une variation du développement génital, et la génomique. La journée est organisée en hommage au professeur Axel Kahn, président du Comité éthique et cancer depuis son origine en 2003 jusqu’en 2019.
Réactions et conséquences de la guerre en Ukraine pour l’Armée de l’air et de l’espace
Authors: Bourigault Samuel
Published: February 2023

La guerre en Ukraine a vu l’Armée de l’air et de l’espace (AAE) réagir très vite pour renforcer le flanc Est de l’Otan. Depuis un an, les premières leçons ont été prises en compte, soulignant le besoin d’agilité mais aussi le volet capacitaire. Cela renforce également le modèle exigeant d’entraînement pour préparer les conflits de demain.
Les différentes facettes de l’innovation de l’armée ukrainienne
Authors: Bounat Ulrich
Published: February 2023

L’armée ukrainienne, bien qu’inférieure quantitativement aux forces russes, a su compenser son handicap par le recours massif à l’innovation, utilisant toutes les ressources de la technologie. Le champ d’emploi des drones en est une illustration riche d’enseignements, y compris pour les armées occidentales.
Raconter la guerre sur BFMTV , un défi en continu
Authors: Sauce Patrick
Published: February 2023

La résurgence d’un conflit majeur en Europe a vu un engagement massif des chaînes d’informations en continu. Pour BFMTV , cette guerre a déjà vu près d’un quart de ses journalistes envoyés en Ukraine, au prix du sang d’ailleurs et avec une exigence permanente d’expliquer le drame provoqué par Poutine.
Redistribution des cartes en Asie centrale (1/2) - Russie et Chine
Authors: Pasquier Daniel
Published: February 2023

Le conflit en Ukraine imposé par la Russie ne suscite pas l’approbation des anciennes républiques soviétiques d’Asie centrale. Bien au contraire, il y a une prise de distance avec Moscou, tandis que la Chine consolide son emprise, bénéficiant de sa puissance économique et des investissements en cours.
Un schéma de classe d’emploi à la française
Authors: Amossé Thomas , Cayouette-Remblière Joanie , Gros Julien
Published: February 2023

Un schéma de classe a été élaboré lors de la récente rénovation de la nomenclature socioprofessionnelle française. Disponible dans les enquêtes de la statistique publique à partir de 2022 et implémentable de façon rétrospective depuis 2003, il propose une grille de lecture de la structure des emplois articulant stratification sociale et segmentation institutionnelle. Pensé comme complémentaire aux catégories socioprofessionnelles historiques, il fait écho à l’importance prise, au cours des dernières décennies, par le chômage et la diversification des formes d’emploi (montée de la précarité, redéfinition de l’indépendance, reconfiguration de la sphère publique). Les premières analyses conduites dans l’article soulignent la force des clivages hiérarchiques et institutionnels en matière de situation professionnelle mais aussi familiale, de logement et de santé, ce qui laisse augurer un renouveau possible des analyses dans ces domaines de recherche.
Le plan national d’aide à la sortie de crise : accompagner chaque entreprise
Authors: Pfauwadel Gérard
Published: February 2023

Le plan national d’accompagnement des entreprises à la sortie de crise a permis de proposer une solution adaptée à la situation de chaque entreprise fragilisée par la crise sanitaire. Il a démontré la capacité des administrations à construire un partenariat innovant au service d’une politique publique ambitieuse de soutien aux entreprises.
A novel algorithm for solving sum of several affine fractional functions
Authors: Li Hongwu , Feng Yuling , Jiao Hongwei , Shang Youlin
Published: February 2023

By using the outer space branch-and-reduction scheme, we present a novel algorithm for globally optimizing the sum of several affine fractional functions problem (SAFFP) over a nonempty compact set. For providing the reliable lower bounds in the searching process of iterations, we devise a novel linearizing method to establish the affine relaxation problem (ARP) for the SAFFP. Thus, the main computational work involves solving a series of ARP. For improving the convergence speed of the algorithm, an outer space region reduction technique is proposed by utilizing the objective function characteristics. Through computational complexity analysis, we estimate the algorithmic maximum iteration times. Finally, numerical comparison results are given to reveal the algorithmic computational advantages.
Antimicrobial resistance genes of Escherichia coli, a bacterium of “One Health” importance in South Africa: Systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Ramatla Tsepo , Tawana Mpho , Lekota Kgaugelo E. , Thekisoe Oriel
Published: February 2023

This is a systematic review and meta-analysis that evaluated the prevalence of Escherichia coli antibiotic-resistant genes (ARGs) in animals, humans, and the environment in South Africa. This study followed Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines to search and use literature published between 1 January 2000 to 12 December 2021, on the prevalence of South African E. coli isolates' ARGs. Articles were downloaded from African Journals Online, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Google Scholar search engines. A random effects meta-analysis was used to estimate the antibiotic-resistant genes of E. coli in animals, humans, and the environment. Out of 10764 published articles, only 23 studies met the inclusion criteria. The obtained results indicated that the pooled prevalence estimates (PPE) of E. coli ARGs was 36.3%, 34.4%, 32.9%, and 28.8% for blaTEM-M-1, ampC, tetA, and blaTEM, respectively. Eight ARGs (blaCTX-M, blaCTX-M-1, blaTEM, tetA, tetB, sul1, sulII, and aadA) were detected in humans, animals and the environmental samples. Human E. coli isolate samples harboured 38% of the ARGs. Analyzed data from this study highlights the occurrence of ARGs in E. coli isolates from animals, humans, and environmental samples in South Africa. Therefore, there is a necessity to develop a comprehensive “One Health” strategy to assess antibiotics use in order to understand the causes and dynamics of antibiotic resistance development, as such information will enable the formulation of intervention strategies to stop the spread of ARGs in the future.
Recent advances in self-assembling redox nanoparticles as a radiation protective agent
Authors: Feliciano Chitho P. , Cammas-Marion Sandrine , Nagasaki Yukio
Published: February 2023

The search for potent radiation-protective drugs for clinical use continues. Studies have, so far, focused on targeting the neutralization of radiation-generated reactive oxygen species (ROS) to protect the cells against the deleterious effects of exposure to ionizing radiation. However, the development of efficacious radioprotective drugs, which are mostly low molecular weight (LMW) compounds, is mainly limited due to their inherent toxicity and rapid excretion from the body. Thus, researchers reformulated these LMW compounds into nano-based formulations. This review discusses recent advances in the use of self-assembling redox nanoparticles as a new group of radioprotective agents. The copolymer micelle (herein referred to as redox nanoparticles; RNP) contains an active part, amino-TEMPO, that effectively scavenges radiation-induced ROS in the body, as demonstrated in vivo. With the use of nanoparticle-based technologies, optimized formulations of these LMW ROS-neutralizers lead to the significant reduction of its toxicity, high bioavailability and longer blood circulation, which consequently resulted in its notable enhanced efficacy (for example, increased survival rate, reduced radiation-induced syndromes and organ damage) against the damaging effects of ionizing radiation. Consistent with the available data on the use of RNP and other nano-based radioprotective agents, it can be concluded that the inherent ROS-targeting activity of a drug intended for radiation protection is as vital as its bioavailability in the specific tissues and organs, where the short-lived ROS are produced during radiation exposure. In this review article, we summarized the current status of the development of radioprotective agents, including our self-assembling radioprotective agents.
Postures et gestes de personnes formatrices exploitant les jeux de rôles comme dispositif de formation à l’enseignement des mathématiques : analyse de récits de pratiques
Authors: Marchand Patricia , Martin Vincent , Thibault Mathieu , Bisson Caroline
Published: February 2023

For several years, roleplaying has been used as a device with preservice teachers in mathematics education. Although the potential of roleplaying in teacher education has been studied, the role of the mathematics educator in roleplaying remains poorly documented. In this paper, through teacher education practice narratives written by the authors of this text and with a framework, we describe the professional postures and gestures adopted by the mathematics educators in the different phases of the roleplaying design. Despite some differences in operating the device, important similarities emerge in the postures and gestures adopted by the mathematics educators through the four phases of roleplaying.
Logiques d’action de conseillers pédagogiques en mathématiques au primaire dans l’accompagnement d’enseignants à la résolution de problèmes en contexte d’enseignement
Authors: Lajoie Caroline , Bednarz Nadine , Saboya Mireille , Hanin Vanessa , Bacon Lily
Published: February 2023

Despite the importance, in Québec, of pedagogical consultants (PCs) for continuing education, little research has focused on understanding the PC profession, from within its practice. This is particularly the case in mathematics education where PCs are facing major challenges in relation to problem solving. Through collaborative research carried out with PCs intervening in elementary schools, we aimed at a better understanding of the support offered to teachers. Three contrasting cases presenting different accompaniments are here developed. Based on the framework of “professional didactics” and on the concept of “logic of action”, an emerging analysis puts in light the professional activity these CPs enact and the underlying reasons guiding their activity.
Comprendre les effets des choix de formateurs sur les pratiques de professeurs de mathématiques débutants
Authors: Choquet Christine
Published: February 2023

This paper presents a research carried out by a researcher and teachers’ trainers involved in initial training of mathematics teachers. The aim of this research is the study of the effects of choices made during training on beginner teachers’ practices. The analyzes are realized within the theoritical framework the dual didactic and ergonomic approach (Robert, 2008). The results of these analyszes specify in terms of components of practices the significant influence of the practices of trainers on the development of the pratices of beginner mathematics teachers.
Approche par problème et formation d’enseignants de mathématiques : comment se diffusent, en formation, les résultats de la recherche ?
Authors: Demonty Isabelle
Published: February 2023

Based on the framework of meta-didactic transposition analysis (Arzarello et al., 2014) and specifically the concepts of brokering and boundary object, this paper studies how knowledge to teach algebra is exchanged during a training program involving nine mathematics teachers and two researchers specialised in algebra teaching and learning. Organized in three half-day sessions, this program is based on a problem pointed out in the research literature as particularly rich to develop algebraic thinking. In addition, the materials used in training are come directly from the classes of the teachers participating in the program. In this sense, the program values knowledge that makes sense in both research and teaching practice. The analysis of interactions between researchers and teachers highlights three types of collaborative activities between the two groups and thus questions the potential of such a mechanism to foster integration of research results by teachers.
Étude des conditions nécessaires pour favoriser l’exercice de la vigilance didactique des formateurs en formation initiale ciblée sur les liens entre apports théoriques et pratiques en classe
Authors: Allard Cécile , Mamede Maira
Published: February 2023

This article is based on the definition of teachers' didactic vigilance in order to consider the conditions of the trainer's vigilance in the initial training of primary school teachers assigned to kindergarten. We associate the exercise of a certain vigilance of the trainer with the improvement of the link between theory and practice in the trainees. The exercise of VDT requires particular conditions to grasp the needs of the trainees to this end, we have developed a training scenario that we describe. We analyse the data produced by its implementation.
Paradiplomatie fonctionnelle, identitaire et protodiplomatie en Catalogne : un cas unique
Authors: Paquin Stéphane
Published: February 2023

Les politiques de construction et de renforcement de l’identité nationale constituent un objectif fondamental de tout entrepreneur identitaire qui œuvre au sein d’une petite nation non souveraine comme la Catalogne. Les petites nations non souveraines, où le sentiment national est très présent, sont susceptibles de s’aventurer sur l’échiquier international pour faire reconnaître la légitimité de leur projet et pour trouver les ressources et un soutien qui leur manquent à l’interne. L’élaboration de stratégies internationales de la part d’une petite nation non souveraine est un phénomène connu depuis longtemps. Malgré cela, une grande partie de la littérature sur le sujet assimile toute action internationale des petites nations non souveraines à de la protodiplomatie, c’est-à-dire à des stratégies visant à favoriser la reconnaissance internationale d’une petite nation non souveraine qui cherche à entreprendre une sécession. Cet article clarifie les concepts de paradiplomatie fonctionnelle, de paradiplomatie identitaire et de protodiplomatie. Il s’appuie sur le cas unique de la Catalogne puisqu’elle est l’une des rares petites nations non souveraines à avoir mis en œuvre les trois politiques.
Entre el silenci i l’esgarip a La salvatge, d’Isabel-Clara Simó
Authors: Sevilla Paris Maria
Published: February 2023

Cet article propose une lecture de La salvatge. Elegia de Dolores Mendoza (1994), d’Isabel-Clara Simó, et analyse deux concepts clefs du roman : d’un côté la sauvagerie, qui figure les personnages féminins exilés dans les marges réelles et figurées du discours, tout le long du récit ; de l’autre la domestication ou l’imposition de l’ordre masculin par le contrôle, la surveillance et la logique de l’échange. L’étude développe ces deux topoï à partir de l’analyse des personnages, mais aussi des ressorts poétiques et narratologiques les plus saillants, le tout sous l’égide théorique de Maria-Mercè Marçal, Montserrat Roig et Judith Butler.
Catalunya Nord, o dues lògiques territorials contraposades
Authors: Lagarde Christian
Published: February 2023

A Catalunya Nord es creuen dues lògiques territorials: la de l’Estat francès, que considera com a propi el territori, i la de la Generalitat de Catalunya, que el considera «de llengua pròpia», i per tant, dins d’una continuïtat que resulta ser transfronterera des del Tractat dels Pirineus. Aquesta configuració té moltes repercussions a nivell local, i a «la resta» de l’Estat francès, considerat com a territori «exterior». Aquest article es proposa esbrinar aquesta problemàtica, complexa i a vegades contradictòria, en clau concreta, als nivells estatal, ‘regional’ i local, d’institucions (a Perpinyà, Casa de la Generalitat, Casa dels Països Catalans, Institut d’Estudis Catalans (IEC), Xarxa Vives, Oficina Pública de la Llengua Catalana; a París, Delegació del Govern català, Institut Ramon Llull), i d’associacions activistes locals (escoles Bressola i Arrels, Ràdio Arrels, Casal català, Aire Nou de Bao, Centre Cultural Català del Vallespir, Oui au Pays catalan). Queda clar que, en aquest cas com a qualsevol altre, la política lingüístico-cultural és política, relació de forces i diplomàcia.
O professor do ensino superior e os novos desafios da docência no contexto das tecnologias digitais: uma abordagem sociocognitiva
Authors: Ferreira José Genival Bezerra
Published: February 2023

O presente artigo pretende analisar os significados metafóricos que os professores do ensino superior têm atribuído às tecnologias digitais no âmbito pandêmico da COVID-19. Para o efeito, desenvolvemos uma investigação fenomenológica, um dos tipos de pesquisa qualitativa, tendo como instrumento para a geração de dados relatos produzidos na plataforma Google Forms por docentes de nove universidades públicas do Norte e do Nordeste do Brasil. O estudo assume uma visão sociocognitiva da linguagem, focada no aporte teórico da Linguística Cognitiva, com uma abordagem da metáfora conceptual direcionada ao corpus e ao discurso. Utilizando o método do domínio-alvo para a identificação da metáfora no corpus, destacam-se, com mais frequência, aquelas de cunho negativo, como a exclusão e o desespero.
Quantifying research productivity of BLDE deemed to be university
Authors: Prasanna Kumara BM , Acharya Shivakumar
Published: February 2023

Research articles represent the scientific community's viewpoints and serve as a guide for publishing, offering insight into the dynamics of the knowledge ecosystem in a situation that affects innovation and public policy. This bibliometric study aimed to determine the key features of research articles published at the BLDE (Deemed to be University [DU]) from 1992 to 2021, which were indexed in Scopus. A total of 847 research articles were authored by 520 writers, most of the subjects under medical science. The preferred source of BLDE (DU) authors is JCDR and Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences University Journal. Arun Inamadar was the most prolific and well-quoted author. The early stages of research publications represented contingent features of health science's global, regional, and national trajectory. Research articles enable the scientific community to participate in continuous conversations throughout the growing and fast-evolving health science crises.
Public-private partnership in Iranian hospitals
Authors: Etemadi Ghazaal , Rezayatmand Reza , Shaarbafchizadeh Nasrin
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND:

Nowadays, various strategies are applied by governments to control costs and finance hospitals and the health sector. Public-private partnership (PPP) option is one of these strategies. Considering the growing importance of hospitals in different communities and their problems, this study aimed to identify PPP challenges, opportunities and solutions in hospitals. This study aimed to identify the challenges and opportunities of PPP in the country's hospitals and then offered an appropriate solution to overcome these challenges.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

This is a qualitative study and content analysis approach is undertaken. The participants were selected through purposive sampling and data were collected using a semi-structured interview with experts in the public and private health sector until the saturation point achieved. Data analysis was performed through the thematic analysis of expert's statements using MAXQDA. 10 software in this sector.

RESULTS:

According to the study results, 3 main themes (challenges, opportunities, and solutions), 10 sub-themes, and 32 codes were identified in relation to the public and private partnership. 4 sub-themes on challenges of PPP, 3 sub-themes on partnership opportunities and 3 sub-themes on challenges solutions were identified.

CONCLUSION:

The results of this study revealed that given the discussed challenges the most important challenge seems to be not evaluated outsourcings, incorrect usage of participatory models, and inadequate and inappropriate postoutsourcing supervision, however, it appears evaluated outsourcing backed with adequate supervision could solve many current hospitals’ problems.
Perceived stress and quality of life among frontline nurses fighting against COVID-19
Authors: Amjadi Sajedeh , Mohammadi Sepideh , Khojastehrad Ali
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND:

The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) crisis has changed many aspects of frontline nurses’ lives. Nurses caring for patients with COVID-19 reported experiencing significant psychological distress and work-related anxiety. This study aimed to assess the perceived stress and quality of life among frontline nurses fighting against COVID-19.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

This web-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 322 frontline nurses fighting against COVID-19 in hospitals affiliated to Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences. Data were collected using the two following online questionnaires: the Perceived Stress Scale and World Health Organization Quality of Life-Brief. Data were compiled from October 23, 2020, to November 25, 2020. Data were analyzed using the independent sample t-test, Pearson's correlation test, and regression analysis test in the SPSS-21.

RESULTS:

Average perceived stress scores was 30.27 (standard deviation [SD] = 7.01). Average quality of life subscale scores consist of physical health, psychological health, social relationships, and environment were 57.71 (SD = 12.74), 44.3 (SD = 15.58), 45.61 (SD = 16.99), and 47.6 (SD = 18.11), respectively. There was an inverse significant association between all the subscales of quality of life and perceived stress (P = 0.008). Based on the multiple linear regression analysis, the variables of age, gender, marital status, and perceived stress were the significant predictors of quality of life subscales.

CONCLUSIONS:

Paying serious attention to addressing the concerns of frontline nurses, especially those who are at high risk, is necessary. It is recommended to take action as soon as possible to reduce the perceived stress and improve quality of life on nurses who care for patients with COVID-19.
Effect of video games on preoperative anxiety in 3- to-6-year-old of a sample of Iranian children undergoing elective surgery
Authors: Rostami Elham , Khanjari Sedigheh , Haghani Hamid , Amirian Houshang
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND:

As pediatric surgeries are rising and current methods to reduce perioperative anxiety are lacking in preschool children. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of video games on preoperative anxiety in 3- to-6-year old of a sample of Iranian children undergoing elective surgery children.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

In the current quasi-experimental pretest posttest design, after standard translation, the modified Yale preoperative anxiety scale was administered to 102 children undergoing surgery from December 2016 to August 2017 in Kermanshah, Iran. Children are assigned to an intervention or control group. Each child's anxiety was measured at two points at the time of arrival and after waiting for 20 min in the holding area. Data were analyzed by SPSS, version 22. The Chi-square, independent t-test, and paired t-test at the significance level of P < 0.05 were performed.

RESULTS:

There was no significant difference between the mean anxieties in control group (42.58 ± 18.54) and intervention group (46.11 ± 14.09) before the game (P = 0.282). However, after playing the video game in control groups (53.26 ± 18.00) and game groups (34.88 ± 10.81), there was a significant difference in favor of the video game (P < 0.001).

CONCLUSION:

Findings of the present study suggest that approved video game by experts to decrease mean preoperative anxiety in 3- to-6-year-old children. Therefore, video games recommended to be implemented at the preventive level in hospital.
Knowledge, attitudes, and perception toward human papillomavirus among health profession students
Authors: Aga Syed Sameer , Yasmeen Nusrath , Khan Muhammad Anwar , Hakami Alqassem Y. , Awadh Abdullah , Malli Israa Abdullah
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND:

Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the major risk factor for cervical cancer (CC) in women of reproductive age. Despite advances in treatment and prevention of CC by HPV vaccination, very few women utilize them because of a lack of awareness about HPV.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

We conducted this cross-sectional study among Health Professions Students (HPS) at King Saud Bin Abdul Aziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah. Data were collected using a predesigned and validated study questionnaire to assess the knowledge, attitude, and perception of HPS toward HPV.

RESULTS:

A total of 580 HPS responded to the survey; 128 (22.1%) were male, while 452 (77.9%) were female with the mean age ± standard deviation 20.36 ± 1.74 years. There was no significant difference between males and females related to screening of HPV and CC (82.8%; 82.3%). A minority (30.3%) of participants thought that HPV infection leads to CC, while 38.3% did not know about it. Furthermore, knowledge about HPV screening and vaccination was poor.

CONCLUSIONS:

Students from the college of medicine had more knowledge and awareness about HPV (34.9%, P < 0.001). Thus, it is important to implement effective education programs, curricular activities, and awareness campaigns for health professions to augment the learning process effectively.
Validity and reliability of the Persian version of the exercise self-efficacy scale in people with multiple sclerosis
Authors: Goldoust Faride , Abolhasani Maryam , Shakibazadeh Elham , Yaseri Mehdi , Garmaroudi Gholamreza
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND:

Exercise self-efficacy has been identified as one of the primary determinants of physical activity in people with multiple sclerosis (MS). Therefore, assessment of exercise self-efficacy is important to be measured with valid and reliable scale to provide tailored interventions.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

The English version of the exercise self-efficacy scale was translated into Persian using a forward-backward translation approach. Factorial validity was conducted using the expletory factor analysis (EFA) and the confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). In addition, construct validity was performed using convergent and known-group validity. Reliability was evaluated by internal consistency and test-retest reliability. Participants were recruited from two hospitals (MS clinics).

RESULTS:

Expletory factor analysis identified a single factor structure which explained 64.7% variance in exercise self-efficacy scale (EXSE). CFA supported a single factor structure with a good model fit. Average variance extracted = 0.60 and composite reliability = 0.93 values confirmed the convergent validity. The known-group validity was verified with significant differences between subgroups. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient = 0.93 and intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.85 supported reliability of EXSE scale.

CONCLUSIONS:

Our findings provided sufficient evidence of validity and reliability for EXSE scale in people with MS. This measure can utilize by researchers and health-care providers in studies and clinical practice as a robust measure to assess exercise self-efficacy and to develop interventions in people with MS.
Prospective comparison of single encounter versus distributed laparoscopic training in novice learners
Authors: Arain Muhammad Abdullah , Begum Saleema , Shariff Amir H. , Khan Sadaf , Inam Pal K. M. , Khan Muhammad Rizwan , Ali Muhammad , Ringers Jan
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND:

The traditional model of teaching surgical skills on “real” patients using graded responsibility is being seriously questioned, and there is a paradigm shift toward exploiting simulators. There is a lack of clarity on the impact of using simulation as a teaching strategy in novice learners. The purpose of our study was to determine if the number and duration of training sessions influence the acquisition and retention of laparoscopic skills in naïve learners. There are some data to suggest that distributed training programs might have better outcomes, but the results are inconclusive. We designed a controlled trial at Aga Khan University, Karachi, with the hypothesis that students trained using the distributed method may have enhanced learning outcomes.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

100 medical students were assigned in a 1:1 ratio to one of two groups. Group A underwent a single orientation and supervised practice session of 3 h duration. Group B underwent distributed teaching with three learning sessions of 1 h each spread over 3 consecutive weeks. Participant scores were analyzed before and after the intervention and at 3- and 6-month intervals using repeat measures of ANOVA.

RESULTS:

Pretest and immediate posttest scores were comparable between the two groups. The 3-month interval test showed significantly higher scores in Group B (difference = −2.90, P < 0.001). The 6-month interval test showed no differences in scores between the two groups (P = 0.178).

CONCLUSIONS:

Distributed teaching resulted in significantly enhanced scores at 3-month assessment. However, similar scores at 6 months suggest the need for repeated intervention.
Sociocultural, health knowledge, and health literacy among children ages 9–10 years in Thailand
Authors: Senahad Nopparat , Loahasiriwong Wongsa , Maneenin Naowarat
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND:

Health literacy (HL) enables a person to make good decisions regarding health care, disease prevention, and health promotion to maintain and improve health. In Thailand, most existing studies focus on adults’ HL rather than children. This research aimed to determine the influence of sociocultural and health knowledge on HL among children ages 9–10 years in Thailand.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

A cross-sectional study was conducted among 1650 children aged 9–10 years. The respondents were recruited using multistage random sampling from 39 primary schools of 13 provinces in all four regions of Thailand. A self-administered structured questionnaire was used to collect the required data. The multilevel analysis was used to determine the association between sociocultural, health knowledge, and HL while controlling the effects of covariates. The result was presented as adjusted odd ratios and its 95% confidence interval (CI).

RESULTS:

Of the total 1650 respondents, 86.24% (95% CI: 84.49%–87.82%) had adequate and excellent levels of HL. The multivariable analysis indicated factors that were significantly associated with adequate and excellent levels HL including adequacy of per diem (adjusted odds ratio [adj. OR] = 6.78; 95% CI: 3.54–12.97) and had good relationship with teachers (adj. OR = 2.19; 95% CI: 1.55–3.09). Sources of health education which were received health education from parents (adj. OR = 3.51; 95% CI: 2.39–5.14), from teachers (adj. OR = 2.03; 95% CI: 1.43–2.89), and from the Internet (adj. OR = 1.83; 95% CI: 1.12–2.99) were also significantly associated with HL. Another significant factor was had good level of health knowledge (adj. OR = 1.86; 95% CI: 1.30–2.66) when control clustering effect of region, provinces, school, and classroom size.

CONCLUSIONS:

More than 85% of children ages 9–10 years in Thailand had adequate and excellence levels of HL. Sociocultural and health knowledge had influence on children HL.
The development and validation of an academic burnout questionnaire among Moroccan trainee teachers using the maslach burnout inventory-student survey
Authors: Abdelmounaim Bouhaba , Boumaaize Zineb , Elmadhi Youssef , Hami Hinde , Soulaymani Abdelmajid , Darif Hajar
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND:

Stress and burnout syndrome are more common for people who work in professions that include direct contact with humans, such as education and the medical field. To contribute to the prevention of this syndrome, the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Student Survey (MBI-SS) has been validated and used in different countries worldwide except for Morocco. The main purpose of this study is to develop and validate a special version of the MBI-SS scale to assess academic burnout among Moroccan trainee teachers during their training period.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

A self-administered questionnaire was carried out to assess the sociodemographic factors and certain stressors of the interviewees as well as the MBI-SS. Two hundred fifty-five trainee teachers of the CRMEF (Regional Centre for Education and Training) participated to assess the validity of the MBI-SS scale in its French version and its three components during the academic year 2020/2021 of the Rabat-Salé-Kénitra region. The inferential method of data analysis was used by Cronbach's alpha to determine the overall reliability of the instrument as well as the three components of the assessment. After that, exploratory factor analysis was carried out.

RESULTS:

Sixty five percent of the participant were male, and most of them were between the ages of 20 and 30 years. The results demonstrated a satisfactory psychometric characteristic for its dimensions and validated the 3-dimensional structure of the MBI-SSM, yet they indicate the necessity to remove two items to guarantee their reliability. The Cronbach's alpha value of the MBI-SSM was greater than (0.7). The Cronbach's alpha also showed a good homogeneity for the three dimensions of the MBI-SSM, (0.853) for emotional exhaustion, (0.570) for cynicism, and (0.776) for academic efficacy.

CONCLUSIONS:

It is concluded that the MBI-SSM is determined to be an objective and a valid instrument and can be used to assess academic burnout in the Moroccan context.
Post-laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy, intrathoracic sleeve migration and its management: A case series and review of literature
Authors: Bhandarkar Sanatan , Kalikar Vishakha , Nasta Amrit , Goel Ramen , Patankar Roy
Published: February 2023

De novo or persistent gastro-oesophageal reflux disease which may or may not be associated with injury of the oesophageal mucosa is now a known complication in post-sleeve gastrectomy patients. Repair of hiatal hernias to avoid such circumstances has been commonly performed, although recurrences may occur resulting in migration of gastric sleeve into the thorax, which is now a well-known complication. We report four cases of post-sleeve gastrectomy patients who presented with reflux symptoms, with their contrast-enhanced computed tomography abdomen showing intrathoracic sleeve migration and had hypotensive lower oesophageal sphincter with normal body motility on their oesophageal manometry. A laparoscopic revision Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery with hiatal hernia repair was performed for all four of them. No post-operative complications were seen at 1-year follow-up. Laparoscopic reduction of migrated sleeve with posterior cruroplasty and conversion to Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery can be safely performed for patients presenting with reflux symptoms in cases of intra-thoracic sleeve migration with good short-term outcomes.
Laparoendoscopic hybrid procedure – Oncologically safe and feasible option for gastrointestinal stromal tumours of the stomach
Authors: Kar Madhabananda , Singh Abhitesh , Swain Jyoti Ranjan , Muduly Dillip Kumar , Sultania Mahesh , Sethi Sushant Kumar , Mahapatra Jatashankar , Baisakh Manas Ranjan , Mohakud Sudipta
Published: February 2023

Minimally invasive resection of gastrointestinal stromal tumours of the stomach is a feasible alternative to the traditional open approach, without the need for advanced laparoscopic training, as lymph node dissection is not necessary and excision with a negative margin is the only requirement. The loss of tactile feedback is a known drawback of laparoscopic surgery, causing difficulty in assessing the margin of resection. Earlier described laparoendoscopic techniques require advanced endoscopic procedures, which are not readily available in all places. We present a novel method wherein we use an endoscope to guide the resection margins during laparoscopic surgery. In our experience of five patients, we were able to successfully use this technique to get the negative margins pathologically. This hybrid procedure can thus be used to ensure adequate margin, keeping all the benefits of laparoscopic surgery.
Combined laparoscopic pouch and loop resizing as a revisional procedure for weight regain after primary laparoscopic one-anastomosis gastric bypass
Authors: Mouawad Christian , Dahboul Houssam , Chamaa Bilal , Kazan Daniel , Osseis Michael , Noun Roger , Chakhtoura Ghassan
Published: February 2023

Introduction:

One-anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB) presents a satisfactory long-term outcome in terms of weight loss, amelioration of comorbidities and low morbidity. However, some patients may present insufficient weight loss or weight regain. In this study, we tackle a case series evaluating the efficiency of the combined laparoscopic pouch and loop resizing (LPLR) as a revisional procedure for insufficient weight loss or weight regain after primary laparoscopic OAGB.

Materials and Methods:

We included eight patients with a body mass index (BMI) ≥30 kg/m2 with a history of weight regain or insufficient weight loss after laparoscopic OAGB, who underwent revisional laparoscopic intervention by LPLR between January 2018 and October 2020 at our institution. We conducted a 2 years’ follow-up. Statistics were performed using International Business Machines Corporation® SPSS® software for Windows version 21.

Results:

The majority of the eight patients were males (62.5%), with a mean age of 35.25 at the time of the primary OAGB. The average length of the biliopancreatic limb created during the OAGB and LPLR were 168 ± 27 and 267 ± 27 cm, respectively. The mean weight and BMI were 150.25 ± 40.73 kg and 48.68 ± 11.74 kg/m2 at the time of OAGB. After OAGB, patients were able to reach an average lowest weight, BMI and per cent of excess weight loss (%EWL) of 89.5 ± 28.85 kg, 28.78 ± 7.47 kg/m2 and 75.07 ± 21.62%, respectively. At the time of LPLR, patients had a mean weight, BMI and %EWL of 116.12 ± 29.03 kg, 37.63 ± 8.27 kg/m2 and 41.57 ± 12.99%, respectively. Two years after the revisional intervention, the mean weight, BMI and %EWL were 88.25 ± 21.89 kg, 28.44 ± 4.82 kg/m2 and 74.51 ± 16.54%, respectively.

Conclusion:

Combined pouch and loop resizing is a valid option for revisional surgery following weight regain after primary OAGB, leading to adequate weight loss through enhancement of the restrictive and malabsorptive effect of OAGB.
Age-appropriate Vaccination and its Determinants among Children <24 Months in Kano, Nigeria
Authors: Maizare Hajara I , Tsiga-Ahmed Fatimah Isma'il , Faruk Shahida Labaran , Ahmad Abdulmajid Yakubu , Abulfathi Aisha Aliyu
Published: February 2023

Background:

Administration of vaccines at recommended ages and according to recommended intervals between doses of multi-dose antigens provides optimal protection, ultimately reducing the possibility of propagating the transmission of vaccine-preventable diseases. A sizable discrepancy in the median age at vaccination has been shown in Nigeria. This study assessed age-appropriate vaccination and related factors among children aged 0–23 months attending immunization clinics in the Kano metropolis.

Materials and Methods:

An adapted and pretested semi-structured interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to obtain information from a cross-section of 384 pairs of mothers/babies who presented to the immunization clinics of selected primary health centers within Kano metropolis.

Results:

The median ages at vaccination were 13, 49, 91, 122, and 282 days for BCG, pentavalent-1, pentavalent-2, pentavalent-3, and measles antigens, respectively. Proportions of children who had received age-appropriate vaccines were 83.8%, 81.6%, 64.9%, 60.4%, and 40.3% for BCG, pentavalent-1, pentavalent-2, pentavalent-3, and measles vaccinations, respectively. Children who were 4 months or older were 80% less likely to be age-appropriately vaccinated compared to those 3 months or younger (adjusted odds ratios [aOR]: 0.2, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.1–0.7). Furthermore, children with a previous experience of an adverse event following immunization were 50% less likely to be age-appropriate for the index vaccination (aOR: 0.5, 95% CI: 0.3–0.9).

Conclusion:

Many children in the Kano metropolis were not age-appropriately vaccinated. The measles vaccine had the least proportion of age-appropriately vaccinated children. Sensitization and health education of caregivers on timely vaccination cannot be overemphasized.
Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behaviors of Indian Medical Students and Health-Care Providers on COVID-19
Authors: Priyadarshini Bhagyajyoti , Swarup Shiba Sai , Swain Trupti Rekha , Behera Joshil Kumar , Kumar Naresh , Sandhya Kumari , Mondal Himel
Published: February 2023

Background:

COVID-19 has created fear, misconception, and apprehensions among not just the public but also the present and future health-care providers. The COVID-19 pandemic has passed two waves, and currently, the third wave is waning.

Aim:

This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge, attitude, and practice toward COVID-19 among the health-care providers and medical students of India.

Materials and Methods:

This was a cross-sectional, observational study conducted with medical students, practicing doctors, nurses, ward attendants, and other health-care workers working all over India. The questionnaire used for the study was developed using the three-step modified Delphi method. It was prevalidated and standardized by conducting a pilot study. Then, the survey questionnaire was circulated via Google Forms. The collected responses were tested statistically by Kolmogorov–Smirnov test, Chi-square, and Spearman's rank correlation.

Results:

A total of 2211 (1137 medical students, 840 doctors, 126 nurses, 12 ward attendants, and 96 other health-care workers) respondents participated in the study. The mean score for knowledge was 5.93 ± 1.21, for attitude was 5.20 ± 0.84, and for practice was 2·38 ± 0·896. We found a significant positive correlation between knowledge and attitude, knowledge and practices, and attitude and practices.

Conclusion:

There is an average to a good level of knowledge, attitude, and practice toward COVID-19 among the medical students and health-care providers in India in the third wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. The positive correlation affirms that better knowledge can lead to a positive attitude. This ultimately helps build appropriate behavior.
Mental Health Issues during COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: George Neethu , Britto Rock , Prabhu S. Mani , Selvamathi A. , Suhail T. A. Shaik Yehya , Sharmila S.
Published: February 2023

COVID-19 is a disease which invariably challenges all fundamental systems and organizations, economical patterns, and also the infrastructure in almost all the countries of the world. People in this period are facing both boon and ban in various aspects of surviving. The various milestones that were created as well as creating against the deadliest diseases and breakouts in this era give new perceptiveness to humanity. These newer areas unknown till to humans make some alterations in the normal life. Particularly, health systems are suffering more than other systems. In this global humanitarian crisis of COVID-19 pandemic, mental health issues are sometimes ignored or kept aside as a secondary issue. This article highlights some of the hidden, yet understudied parts of mental health issues.
Tridiagonal kernels and left-invertible operators with applications to Aluthge transforms
Authors: Das Susmita , Sarkar Jaydeb
Published: February 2023

Given scalars

a_n (\neq 0)

and

b_n

,

n \geq 0

, the tridiagonal kernel or band kernel with bandwidth

1

is the positive definite kernel

k

on the open unit disc

\mathbb{D}

defined by

k(z, w) = \sum_{n=0}^\infty \big((a_n + b_n z) z^n\big) \big((\bar{a}_n + \bar{b}_n \bar{w}) \bar{w}^n \big) \quad (z, w \in \mathbb{D}).

This defines a reproducing kernel Hilbert space

\mathcal{H}_k

(known as tridiagonal space) of analytic functions on

\mathbb{D}

with

\{(a_n + b_nz) z^n\}_{n=0}^\infty

as an orthonormal basis. We consider shift operators

M_z

on

\mathcal{H}_k

and prove that

M_z

is left-invertible if and only if

\{|{a_n}/{a_{n+1}}|\}_{n\geq 0}

is bounded away from zero. We find that, unlike the case of weighted shifts, Shimorin models for left-invertible operators fail to bring to the foreground the tridiagonal structure of shifts. In fact, the tridiagonal structure of a kernel

k

, as above, is preserved under Shimorin models if and only if

b_0=0

or that

M_z

is a weighted shift. We prove concrete classification results concerning invariance of tridiagonality of kernels, Shimorin models, and positive operators. We also develop a computational approach to Aluthge transforms of shifts. Curiously, in contrast to direct kernel space techniques, often Shimorin models fail to yield tridiagonal Aluthge transforms of shifts defined on tridiagonal spaces.
On $\lambda-$ Pseudo bi-starlike functions related with Fibonacci numbers
Authors: Vijaya Kaliyappan , Murugusundaramoorthy Gangadharan , Güney Hatun Özlem
Published: February 2023

In this paper we define a new subclass $\lambda$-bi-pseudo-starlike functions
of $\Sigma$ related to shell-like curves connected with Fibonacci numbers and
determine the initial Taylor-Maclaurin coefficients $|a_2|$ and $|a_3|$ for
$f\in\mathcal{PSL}_{\Sigma}^\lambda(\tilde{p}(z)).$ Further we determine the
Fekete-Szeg\"{o} result for the function class
$\mathcal{PSL}_{\Sigma}^\lambda(\tilde{p}(z))$ and for special cases,
corollaries are stated which some of them are new and have not been studied so
far.
El Olimpismo en España. Sus inicios (1820-1920)
Authors: Arrechea Rivas Fernando
Published: February 2023

El bicentenario de la conferencia de Buenaventura Aribau sobre la restauración de los Juego Olímpicos y el centenario de Amberes 1920 y de la primera candidatura española a JJ.OO., interpela sobre el estado historiográfico de la cuestión y la urgente necesidad de aclarar conceptos y superar tópicos y visiones simplificadoras heredadas desde hace decenios. Como objetivo del artículo se buscará aportar respuestas a cuestiones abiertas, tales como la historia del comité (en puridad, “los comités”) olímpico español, así como la compleja cuestión de las candidaturas presentadas por España a JJ.OO. o su relación con el Comité Olímpico Internacional.