bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimization of Random Forest Model for Assessing and Predicting Geological Hazards Susceptibility in Lingyun County
Authors: Kong Chunfang , Xu Kai , Wang Junzuo , Tian Yiping , Zhang Zhiting , Weng Zhengping
Published: April 2021

The random forest (RF) model is improved by the optimization of unbalanced geological hazards dataset, differentiation of continuous geological hazards evaluation factors, sample similarity calculation, and iterative method for finding optimal random characteristics by calculating out-of-bagger errors. The geological hazards susceptibility evaluation model based on optimized RF (OPRF) was established and used to assess the susceptibility for Lingyun County. Then, ROC curve and field investigation were performed to verify the efficiency for different geological hazards susceptibility assessment models. The AUC values for five models were estimated as 0.766, 0.814, 0.842, 0.846 and 0.934, respectively, which indicated that the prediction accuracy of the OPRF model can be as high as 93.4%. This result demonstrated that the geological hazards susceptibility assessment model based on OPRF has the highest prediction accuracy. Furthermore, the OPRF model could be extended to other regions with similar geological environment backgrounds for geological hazards susceptibility assessment and prediction.
Definiendo el papel del auxiliar de conversación en el aula bilingüe
Authors: Buckingham Lyndsay R.
Published: April 2021

El auxiliar de conversación ha disfrutado de un papel clave dentro de los programas bilingües de la Comunidad de Madrid (CM) durante años. Sin embargo, este papel ha sido malinterpretado tanto por los profesores como por los mismos auxiliares, lo que conduce a que no se les saque el máximo partido. A veces realizan tareas que no son propias o no cumplen con los requisitos, y a menudo los resultados incluyen un efecto no deseado. Este estudio se ha basado en una encuesta a profesores y auxiliares involucrados en los tres mayores programas bilingües de la CM (el programa bilingüe público de la CM, el programa Bilingual English Development and Assessment [BEDA] y el programa bilingüe-bicultural de la Unión de Cooperativas de Enseñanza de Trabajo Asociado de Madrid [UCETAM]) en la que se les preguntaba sobre sus expectativas y experiencias respecto al papel del auxiliar en el aula de educación primaria. Se analizó la documentación oficial de los tres programas, y los resultados se compararon con los del análisis de los cuestionarios. Se ha concluido que los profesores y auxiliares tienen expectativas en común al comienzo del año académico, pero estas no siempre corresponden a las tareas que realizan en la práctica. El estudio también ha revelado que las prácticas del aula no siempre corresponden a las descripciones del rol del auxiliar en la documentación oficial. En función de estos hallazgos, se recomienda una mejora en la conciliación de las prácticas del aula con las descripciones oficiales del papel del auxiliar. Esto incluye una reflexión sobre el papel del auxiliar, la formación de profesores y auxiliares y una mejor comunicación desde las Administraciones con el fin de definir y optimizar su papel como recurso de aula.
DESEMPENHO NAS DISCIPLINAS DE MATEMÁTICA, ESTATÍSTICA E MÉTODOS QUANTITATIVOS NO CURSO DE CIÊNCIAS CONTÁBEIS
Authors: Mendes de Oliveira Renata , Da Costa Regiane Aparecida
Published: April 2021

O desempenho acadêmico é amplamente considerado um dos principais preditores do sucesso de uma universidade, principalmente quando se observa disciplinas que são de suma importância no processo de formação, como Matemática, Estatística e Métodos Quantitativos. Nessa linha, a presente pesquisa objetivou identificar a relação dos fatores relacionados às características individuais e atitudes no desempenho acadêmico nas disciplinas de Matemática, Estatística e Métodos Quantitativos, ministradas no curso de Ciências Contábeis da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, campus Pontal. A pesquisa foi realizada por meio de levantamento, com a aplicação de questionários impressos, sendo obtidas 75 respostas válidas. A análise dos dados foi desenvolvida considerando a estimação de modelo de regressão logística, para qual foi utilizado o software Stata. Por meio do modelo de regressão estimado, constatou-se que os elementos referentes a idade e estado civil estão relacionados à maior probabilidade de reprovação, ou seja, menor desempenho, enquanto a jornada de trabalho, frequência, participação nas aulas e dedicação tempo para estudos extraclasse, indicam chance de obtenção de maior desempenho ou não reprovação. Esses achados contribuem com o fluxo de pesquisa que busca explicar os fatores determinantes do desempenho acadêmico, bem como para o contexto da prática no ambiente escolar na busca pela adoção de estratégias que alavanquem o desempenho.
Role of Education for Inculcating Moral Values in New Generation: An Islamic Perspective
Authors: Dr. Abdul Razzaq Azad  , Dr. Musferah Mehfooz  , Hafiz Nasir Ali
Published: April 2021

Education has been greatly emphasized in Islam. It is an important matter which forms the basis for one’s life direction.  Therefore, the purpose of this study is to present the Islamic educational model as a significant instrument to tackle the scary rise of immoral attitude and values in our new generation. From an Islamic perspective, knowledge is gained to actualize and perfect all dimensions of the human being and the highest and most useful model of perfection is the prophet Muhammad (SAW). Education, therefore, is an aspect that is important and must be given special attention so that the person can be molded into a human as best as possible. This paper targets the significance of education for inculcating moral values in the new generation and molding them into the ideal Muslim along with high intellect. The study would also highlight the substantial role of the education system including the academia and curriculum for instilling moral value and Islamic norms into Muslim students. In sum, several suggestions are recommended to strengthen the educational system in Pakistan, and then we could produce a nation that will be the combination of knowledge and practice and the real specimen of morality according to the teachings and main purpose of Islam.
The Flipside of New Public Management: An Inquiry into the Challenges Facing Outsourced Workers in South Africa
Authors: Mthembu Zamazulu , Ashade Oladimeji , Mutereko Sybert
Published: April 2021

Inspired by the new public management (NPM) philosophy, public sector institutions have engaged private companies by outsourcing non-core services for improved service delivery, lowering government expenditure, and creating opportunities for employment. There is evidence suggesting that the public sector has witnessed industrial conflicts occasioned by labour unrest among outsourced workers. This paper explores how the employees of contract companies perceive outsourcing and how outsourcing has affected them. Using a non-probabilistic sampling technique, the study mixes both qualitative and quantitative techniques to show that the outsourced workers do not see outsourcing in good light. The viewpoint of participants revealed that the outsourced workers were not pleased with the condition of work under different management. These findings have significant implications for broadening the understanding of the plight of the outsourced workers in the public sector. This study has raised important questions about the nature of outsourcing in the public sector and aroused the consciousness that the challenge facing outsourced workforce persists despite the premium placed on NPM in literature. The study, therefore, recommends that the condition of service of outsourced workers in South Africa’s public departments be given due attention to forestall undesirable outcomes.
PENAMPILAN PADI VARIETAS INPARI DI RAWA LEBAK DESA PEMULUTAN ULU KABUPATEN OGAN ILIR PROVINSI SUMATERA SELATAN
Authors: Suparwoto Suparwoto
Published: April 2021

Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan di Desa Pemulutan Ulu, Kecamatan Pemulutan, Kabupaten Ogan Ilir (OI), Sumatera Selatan, pada April-Agustus 2019. Adapun tujuan untuk mendapat varietas Inpari yang adaptif dan mempunyai potensi hasil tinggi. Bahan yang dibutuhkan antara lain : benih padi varietas Inpari 6, Inpari 33, Inpari 34 dan Situbagendit, pupuk urea, SP-36, KCl, pestisida, herbisida dan terpal. Selain itu alat yang dibutuhkan antara lain : hand traktor, meteran, timbangan, parang, cangkul, sprayer. Metode yang digunakan pengamatan langsung di lapangan, luasan pengkajian 4 hektar. Pupuk yang digunakan 150 kg Urea, 100 kg SP-36 dan 100 kg KCl/ha sesuai anjuran. Pemupukan dilakukan 2 kali yaitu pada umur 1 minggu setelah tanam (MST) dengan takaran 75 kg urea, 100 kg SP-36 dan 100 kg KCl/ha dan pada umur 4 minggu setelah tanam (MST) dengan takaran 75 kg urea/ha. Sistem tanam tegel jarak tanam 25 x 25 cm. Data yang dikumpulkan meliputi: tinggi tanaman saat panen, jumlah anakan produktif/rumpun, panjang malai, jumlah gabah per malai, jumlah gabah isi per malai, dan produksi gabah konversi per hektar. Metoda yang digunakan adalah pengamatan langsung di lapangan (observasi) terhadap varietas unggul yang diperagakan. Data yang diperoleh disusun secara tabulasi dan dianalisis dengan uji statistik yaitu uji kesamaan nilai tengah (uji–t). Analisis data dilakukan dengan program SPSS. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa Inpari 6,Inpari 33, Inpari 34 dan Situbagendit dapat beradaptasi di rawa lebak dengan tinggi tanaman tergolong pendek dan jumlah anakan produktif per rumpun tergolong banyak dengan produksi rata-rata 7,4 ton GKP/ha dimana produksi gabah tertinggi dicapai oleh Situbagendit (8,7 ton GKP/ha) diikuti oleh Inpari 34 (8,0 ton GKP/ha), Inpari 6 (7,5 ton GKP/ha) dan Inpari 33 (5,4 ton GKP/ha). Tekstur nasi Inpari 6 (sangat pulen), Inpari 33 (sedang), Inpari 34 (agak pera) dan Situbagendit (pulen). Varietas tersebut dapat dikembang di rawa lebak tengahan.
PENGARUH BERBAGAI JENIS MEDIA TANAM DAN NUTRISI TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI TANAMAN PARE (Momordica charantia L.) DENGAN HIDROPONIK SISTEM WICK
Authors: Oksilia Oksilia , Alby Silahuddin , Gea Delvi Kristiani
Published: April 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh jenis media tanam dan jenis nutrisi yang berbeda terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman pare (Momordica charantia L.). Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) factorial dan menggunakan 2 faktor. Faktor yang pertama adalah jenis media tanam yaitu rockwool(M1), arang sekam (M2) dan cocopeat (M3). Sedangkan faktor yang kedua adalah jenis nutrisi larutan yaitu AB Mix (K1), NPK (K2), pupuk organik cair (K3) dan pupuk majemuk lengkap (K4). Kombinasi perlakuan jenis media tanam dan jenis nutrisi yang menunjukkan hasil terbaik sampai produksi adalah M2K1 (arang sekam dan nutrisi AB Mix) karena arang sekam memiliki kandungan karbon yang tinggi sehingga selalu gembur dan memiliki karakteristik yang ringan, kasar dan sirkulasi udara tinggi karena banyak pori, kapasitas menahan air yang baik serta warnanya yang hitam dapat mengabsorbsi sinar matahari sedangkan nutrisi AB Mix memiliki komposisi hara seimbang yaitu kandungan makro dan mikro yang dibutuhkan tanaman.
Організаційно-економічні ризики екологізації сільського господарства
Authors: Burliai Alina , Burliai Oleksandr , Revutska Аlla , Smolii Liudmyla , Klymenko Lidia
Published: April 2021

Мета. Метою цієї статті є визначення та систематизація ризиків організаційно-економічного характеру, які можуть виникати під час екологізації виробничих процесів аграрної сфери економіки, а також узагальнення основних етапів «ризик-менеджменту» екологізації сільського господарства та обґрунтування необхідних інструментів для зниження ймовірності їх виникнення.
Методологія / методика / підхід. Методологічною основою роботи є загальнонаукові та спеціальні методи економічної теорії, системний підхід до вивчення економічних явищ. У роботі використано абстрактно-логічний метод – для логічного формування основних аспектів і висновків дослідження; метод анкетного опитування для визначення типів ризику від впровадження елементів екологізації та метод експертних оцінок із метою встановлення середньої вагомості ризиків екологізації сільського господарства.
Результати. Узагальнено підходи до визначення сутності ризиків і сформульовано визначення ризиків екологізації аграрної сфери економіки. Проведено типізацію основних видів ризику організаційно-економічного характеру, які можуть виникати під час екологізації виробничих процесів галузі на основі методу анкетного опитування. Застосування методу експертних оцінок дало змогу оцінити вагомість визначених ризиків. Запропоновано основні інструменти зниження ризиків екологізації сільського господарства на рівні підприємств і держави.
Оригінальність / наукова новизна. Удосконалено методичний підхід до моніторингу ризиків екологізації сільського господарства та сформульовано їх визначення; дістала подальшого розвитку класифікація ризиків екологізації сільського господарства, які об’єднано в чотири групи: фінансово-економічні, ризики виробничого характеру, логістично-збутові та ризики інституційного характеру; визначено ступені їх вагомості в цьому процесі та проведено типізацію основних інструментів зниження ризику від упровадження екологізації на рівні підприємства та держави.
Практична цінність / значущість. Результати дослідження дозволяють комплексно оцінити ризики екологізації аграрної сфери економіки, сформувати пріоритетні напрями управління ними та узагальнити основні інструменти зниження ризику від впровадження екологізації на рівні підприємств та на рівні держави.
Espiritualidade e a pandemia da COVID-19
Authors: Sant'ana Geisa , Silva Cristina Duarte , Vasconcelos Maria Beatriz Aguiar
Published: April 2021

Objetivo: refletir sobre como a abordagem espiritual inserida na assistência à saúde auxilia no enfrentamento de situações difíceis como a pandemia da COVID-19. Método: estudo bibliográfico de literatura e conteúdo virtual (artigos, blogs e mídias) selecionados em bases de dados como Google Acadêmico e SCIELO. Resultados: A espiritualidade ajuda na compreensão dos sofrimentos e na construção de significados e propósito à vida. As habilidades espirituais devem ser reconhecidas como “essenciais” para os profissionais de saúde, sobretudo na atuação em desastres e pandemias, aliviando o estresse e o sofrimento psíquico. Conclusão: O cuidado espiritual é indispensável no enfrentamento de crises.
Frequência de crianças com o novo coronavírus
Authors: Gonçalves Alexandre Henrique Costa , Candeia Victor César Urquiza , Andrade Jônatã Lucena de , Batista Ana Luiza Gomes do Nascimento , Sousa Milena Nunes Alves de
Published: April 2021

Objetivo: analisar, a partir de uma revisão da literatura, a frequência de crianças contaminadas pelo novo coronavírus (COVID-19). Método: revisão sistemática de literatura, com buscas nas bases de dados da PubMed (n=1), Science Direct (n=5) e Google Scholar (n=6). Selecionaram-se 12 estudos de coorte e observacionais publicados em texto completo entre maio e junho de 2020. Resultados: verificou-se prevalência baixa de contaminação pelo SARS-CoV-2 entre as crianças, comparadas a adultos jovens e idosos. Predominam sintomas leves a moderados, com baixa necessidade de internação para cuidados intensivos. Conclusão: a frequência de infecção pelo novo coronavírus nas crianças é baixa.
Variações de preço e quantidade nas compras públicas de álcool em gel durante a pandemia da COVID-19
Authors: Fröhlich Gustavo Fernando , Araújo Kilma Mônica Donato de , Peruzzo Schwartz Fabiano
Published: April 2021

A pesquisa buscou responder a pergunta: o preço médio e a quantidade média de itens das compras do álcool em gel sofreram alteração significativa ante o cenário de pandemia da COVID-19? Assumiu-se por hipótese que as condições de oferta e demanda decorrentes do cenário emergencial poderiam resultar em aumento dos preços e das quantidades adquiridas. Método: Foram utilizados dados do Painel de Preços do Ministério da Economia e o teste não paramétrico de Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon para a comparação dos contextos antes e durante a pandemia. Resultados: sugerem que nos três primeiros meses da crise os preços do álcool em gel dobraram e foram comprados mais frascos do produto do que nos últimos dois anos.
Interiorização da COVID-19: análise epidemiológica nos municípios do estado do Amazonas
Authors: Souza e Souza Luís Paulo , Sousa Lucas Vitor de Carvalho , Gomes Cléber Araújo , Castro Daiane Nascimento de , Mata Mayline Menezes da , Macêdo Juliberta Alves de
Published: April 2021

Objetivo: analisar a evolução da COVID-19 em 54 municípios do estado do Amazonas. Método: estudo transversal, do tipo série de casos, analisando os registros de novos casos em 04 e 18 de maio de 2020. Calcularam-se taxas de incidência e ranking das variações das taxas. Resultados: Em 04 de maio, a cidade de Manacapuru liderava o ranking e Manaus assumia a 12ª posição. Em 18 de maio, Santo Antônio do Içá liderava e Manaus passou para 24ª posição. A variação da taxa de incidência do interior foi 73,5% maior que a de Manaus no período. Conclusão: a interiorização da COVID-19 é um alerta, pela ausência de leitos de tratamentos intensivos, barreiras de acesso e déficits de profissionais.
Reorganização do trabalho do NASF-AB no enfrentamento da pandemia COVID- 19
Authors: Costa Ana Flávia Rodrigues da , Lopes Cleide de Andrade , Gonçalves Fernanda da Silva , Gonçalves Raniere Pereira
Published: April 2021

Objetivo: relatar a experiência das residentes do Programa de residência em Saúde da Família e Comunidade na reorganização do Núcleo de Apoio à Saúde da Família (NASF) em um território, para o enfrentamento da Pandemia de COVID-19. Método: relato de experiência. Informações coletadas em fontes oficiais e registros das vivências dos autores. Resultados: as estratégias adotadas durante a pandemia foram: teleatendimento, telemonitoramento, produção de materiais educativos, novo fluxograma de atendimento, porta de entrada de sintomáticos, suporte as equipes e testagem rápida. Conclusão: adaptação rápida e consistente para apoiar a Estratégia Saúde da Família no cuidado a população.
Análise do risco de fraturas ósseas em mulheres idosas por meio da ferramenta FRAX
Authors: Sousa Cristina de Jesus , Oliveira Maria Liz Cunha de
Published: April 2021

Objetivo: Avaliar a qualidade óssea de mulheres com 60 anos e mais por meio da aplicação da Fracture Risk Assessment Tool (FRAX). Método: estudo descritivo, observacional e transversal com aplicação de questionário sociodemográfico e a ferramenta FRAX em 246 mulheres. Resultados: observou-se risco de fraturas médio/alto em 3,7% das pacientes até 79 anos e 45,5%, naquelas com mais de 80 anos. Identificado baixo diagnóstico anterior de osteopenia/osteoporose. Conclusão: é necessária a avaliação da qualidade óssea das mulheres na menopausa por meio da densitometria óssea, associada a ferramenta FRAX, que é de fácil aplicação, para a avaliação do risco de fraturas.
COVID-19 GERANDO IMPLICAÇÕES NA SOCIEDADE BRASILEIRA NO DIREITO PENAL E PROCESSUAL NO BRASIL
Authors: Costa Fernando Alves
Published: April 2021

Este artigo abordará de forma sintética a pandemia do novo coronavírus (COVID-19) em confronto com as normas determinadas a sociedade pelo estado com base em fundamentos legais, com o objetivo de prevenir que o vírus se propague entre a população e evidenciar às leis, normas do direito, portarias e decretos adotados na atual crise socioeconômica. Visando a percepção de como na prática as normas no Brasil podem acarretar a prevenção do aumento da circulação do vírus, delimitando as sanções de delitos que deverão ser impostas ao cidadão que descumprir as normas estabelecidas de forma obrigatória.
KONSEP AGAMA-AGAMA DALAM MEMBINA KERUKUNAN ANTAR UMAT BERAGAMA
Authors: Kamaluddin Kamaluddin
Published: April 2021

Abstrak

Apabila penganut agama memahami secara baik dan benar agama yang dianutnya, dan diamaalkannya pula dengan baik dan benar ajaran agama tersebut, maka sudah dapat dipastikan kerukunan antar umat beragama dapat diwujudkan dalam kehidupan bermasyarakat dan bernegara. Sebaliknya bila pola keberagamaan umat masih bersifat formalisme yang kering dengan nilai-nilai spiritual dan moralis, bukan tidak mungkin agama menjadi salah satu faktor yang mendorong terajdinya komplik di tengah- tengah masyarakat.

 

Kata Kunci: Agama, Membina, Kerukunan dan Umat.

 

Abstract

If religious followers understand the religion they adhere to properly and correctly, and practice the teachings of that religion properly, then it is certain that harmony between religious communities can be realized in the life of society and the state. In fact, if the religious pattern of the ummah which is formalism is dry with spiritual and moral values, it is not impossible that religion will become one of the factors that encourage the existence of complications in society.

 

Keywords: Religion, Fostering, Harmony and People.
FELIZ ANIVERSÁRIO(S): A INFLUÊNCIA NO COMPORTAMENTO DAS CONSUMIDORAS MÃES NA REALIZAÇÃO DOS MESVERSÁRIOS
Authors: Saturnino Rayane Evelyn Vasconcelos , Leal Janayna Souto , Soares Neto João Batista
Published: April 2021

Evento cada vez mais adotado para comemorar os meses de vida das crianças e que tem motivado o mercado de festas infantis, o mesversário tem sido alvo de influências no processo de tomada de decisão das mães. Logo, este estudo objetivou analisar os fatores que influenciam as mães na realização dos mesversários. Metodologicamente, a pesquisa adotou uma abordagem qualitativa e a coleta de dados foi feita mediante entrevistas com 21 mães. O método escolhido foi a análise de conteúdo e as categorias analisadas foram: Processo decisório; Comportamento de consumo das mães; Influências internas e externas. Os resultados evidenciaram que as mães sofrem influências internas e externas, cuja família é a principal influenciadora nas decisões da mãe. Concluindo, nota-se que, apesar dessa influência, as mães promovem os mesversários como forma de celebrar a vida da criança e para estabelecer/fortalecer um vínculo com as pessoas que fazem parte da vida do bebê.
Las rentas derivadas de la venta y distribución de pescado en Sevilla y Jerez de la Frontera a finales de la Edad Media. Una aproximación
Authors: Bello León Juan Manuel
Published: April 2021

En este trabajo se intenta ofrecer una aproximación a la fiscalidad relacionada con la pesca y la comercialización de sus productos en un ámbito concreto: la Andalucía Occidental de finales de la Edad Media. Se describen las condiciones con las que se arrendaron las rentas que gravaba la compraventa de pescado o se detallan algunos aspectos de la heterogénea fiscalidad que afectó a este producto, especialmente en los dos grandes concejos de realengo de la región (Sevilla y Jerez de la Frontera).
La prensa afroporteña y el pensamiento afroargentino a finales del siglo XIX
Authors: Yao Jean-Arsène
Published: April 2021

El auge periodístico que se produjo en Argentina a partir de la segunda mitad del siglo XIX vio la aparición de una activa prensa afroporteña defensora de los intereses de la comunidad negra. Este trabajo, además de repasar la historia de los periódicos afroargentinos, subraya el papel desarrollado por la élite de ascendencia africana en la promoción de la modernidad entre los suyos, a la vez que explora las posibles bases para una identidad propia en las ideas que diseminaron.
EFEK GAMBIR (UNCARIA GAMBIR/HUNTER ROXB) TERHADAP AKTIVITAS LOKOMOTOR DAN NEUROKOGNITIF PADA TIKUS BETINA MODEL ALZHEIMER
Authors: Fasrini Ulya Uti , Susanti Restu , Lipoeto Nur Indrawaty
Published: April 2021

GAMBIER (UNCARIA GAMBIR/HUNTER ROXB) ADMINISTRATION IMPROVES LOCOMOTOR ACTIVITIES AND NEUROCOGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT IN ALZHEIMER’S MODEL FEMALE RATABSTRACTIntroduction: Locomotor activity (LA) disturbance and neurocognitive impairment in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) mechanism was suggested through many ways; one of them is the induction of oxidative stress that corrupted hippocampus cortex.Aims: The aim of this study was to determine whether or not the administration of potent antioxidant gambier ca- techin (GDC) to AD model female rat improves locomotion (LA) and cognitive function (CF).Methods: This experimental research was carried out to 12-week-old 25 Sprague dawley AD model female rats with proven CF impairment. Subjects were divided into 5 groups; control negative (N) and positive (P), and catechin groups (AC1, AC2, and AC3), which treated with oral GDC, 20mg, 40mg, and 60mg/200gBW, respectively, for four weeks. LA (total arm entered) and spatial memory were measured before and after treatment using Y-maze based on spontaneous alternation of each groups.Results: There were significant alteration  differences in AC2 and AC3 groups (69% and 2%) after 40mg and 60mg/299gBW treatment after 4 weeks.Discussion: 40mg and 60mg/200gBW oral GDC treatment for four weeks improves spatial memory function on AD model female rat, however no significant changes on locomotor activity.Keywords: Alzheimer, catechin, cognitive, gambier, locomotor, ratABSTRAKPendahuluan: Gangguan aktivitas lokomotor dan penurunan neurokognitif pada penyakit Alzheimer diperkirakan terjadi melalui beberapa jalan, salah satunya stres oksidatif yang merusak korteks hipokampus.Tujuan: Mengetahui efek pemberian antioksidan kuat katekin gambir (DKG) pada tikus betina model Alzheimer terhadap pergerakan (aktivitas lokomotor) dan fungsi kognitif.Metode: Penelitian eksperimental terhadap 25 ekor tikus model Alzheimer Sprague dawley betina usia 12 minggu yang sudah terbukti mengalami gangguan fungsi kognitif. Tikus dibagi menjadi 5 kelompok, yaitu kontrol negatif (N) dan positif (P), serta kelompok katekin (AC1, AC2, dan AC3) yang diberi DKG oral dengan dosis masing-masing 20mg, 40mg, dan 60mg/200gBB selama empat minggu. Dilakukan penilaian uji lokomotor dan memori spasial menggunakan Y-maze pada awal dan setelah perlakuan berdasarkan perbedaan alternasi spontan dari setiap kelompok.Hasil: Terdapat perbedaan alternasi yang signifikan pada kelompok AC2 dan AC3 (69% dan 82%) pascapemberian DKG oral 40mg dan 60mg/200gBB selama empat minggu.Diskusi: Pemberian DKG oral 40mg dan 60mg/200gBB selama empat minggu memperbaiki fungsi memori spasial pada tikus betina model Alzheimer, namun tidak bermakna pada aktivitas lokomotor.Kata kunci: Alzheimer, gambir, katekin, kognitif, lokomotor, tikus
PERAN PENANDA MOLEKULER PADA TERAPI GLIOMA
Authors: Malueka Rusdy Ghazali , Yudiyanta Yudiyanta , Asmedi Ahmad
Published: April 2021

ROLE OF MOLLECULAR MARKER IN GLIOMA THERAPYABSTRACTGliomas are the most common primary Central Nervouus System (CNS) tumors in adults.  Nowdays, glioma classification has been changed from morphological based to molecular based classification. Isositrat dehydrogenase (IDH) muttion gene, chromosome 1p19q codeletion, O6-methylguanine-DNA-methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter methylation, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) amplification, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression play important role in glioma management. These markers are important to be identified to help the diagnosis, determine the prognosis, predict the success of therapy, and develop targeted therapy and chemotherapy of glioma.IDH 1 and 2 gene mutation correlate with better outcome. 1p19q chromosome codeletion also a good prognosis indicator and strong predictor of chemosensitivity. MGMT gene expression level and methylation promoter gene status has a predictive value for glioblastoma patients who are treated with alkylation treatment, such as temozlamide. EGFR gene mutation correlates with aggressiveness and poor prognosis. VEGF over-expression is also comparable with the increasing stage of tumor. Clinical trial show promising therapeutic and safety for patients treated with anti-VEGF therapy, such as bevacizumab.Keywords: Chemotherapy, glioma, molecular marker, targeted therapyABSTRAKGlioma adalah tumor primer susunan saraf pusat (SSP) yang paling umum pada orang dewasa. Klasifikasi glioma saat ini beralih dari pedoman berbasis morfologi ke kriteria molekuler. Terdapat beberapa penanda (marker) molekuler yang berperan pada glioma, yaitu mutasi gen isositrat dehidrogenase (IDH), kodelesi kromosom 1p19q, metilasi promotor O6-metilguanin-DNA-metiltransferase (MGMT), amplifikasi epidermal growth factor receptor  (EGFR), serta ekspresi vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Hal ini penting untuk diidentifikasi untuk membantu diagnosis, menentukan prognosis, memprediksi keberhasilan terapi, serta untuk pengembangan terapi target dan kemoterapi.Adanya mutasi pada gen IDH 1 dan 2 berkaitan dengan prognosis yang lebih baik. Demikian pula kodelesi kromosom 1p19q merupakan indikator prognosis yang baik dan prediktor kuat kemosensitivitas. Tingkat ekspresi dan status metilasi promotor gen MGMT memiliki nilai prediktif pada pasien glioblastoma yang diobati dengan obat alkilasi, seperti temozolomid. Mutasi gen EGFR berkaitan dengan agresivitas dan prognosis yang buruk. Demikian pula over- ekspresi VEGF pada glioma sebanding dengan peningkatan derajat tumor. Uji klinik menunjukkan manfaat terapeutik serta keamanan yang sangat menjanjikan bagi pasien dengan terapi anti-VEGF, seperti bevacizumab.Kata kunci: Glioma, kemoterapi, penanda molekuler, terapi target
PREDIKTOR SYMPTOMATIC INTRACEREBRAL HEMORRHAGE PASCATROMBOLISIS INTRAVENA PADA STROKE ISKEMIK AKUT
Authors: Rasyid Al , Harris Salim , Kurniawan Mohammad , Hidayat Rakhmad , Mesiano Taufik
Published: April 2021

PREDICTORS OF SYMPTOMATIC INTRACEREBRAL HEMORRHAGE FOLLOWING INTRAVENOUS THROMBOLYSIS IN ACUTE ISCHEMIC STROKEABSTRACTDespite its effectiveness, the percentage of ischemic stroke patients who received definitive treatment, thrombolysis, never went above 10%, due to one of the reason is the occurrence of severe, post-therapeutic complications, such as symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH). Several factors contribute to sICH occurrence are age, severity of stroke, early changes of ischemic sign, hyperglycemia, blood pressure, antiplatelet use and its interval. Patients with highest risk of sICH has been shown to have the greatest benefits from thrombolysis among other subgroup patients, therefore withholding therapy is not a choice. Compliance to the stroke’s guidelines could reduce the risk of complications as well as boost effectiveness of treatment.Keywords: Safety predictors, acute ischemic stroke, thrombolysis, sICH ABSTRAK Walau terbukti efektif, persentase pasien yang dapat dilakukan tindakan definitif stroke iskemik akut berupa trombolisis  tidak  pernah  mencapai  angka  10%,  salah  satunya  disebabkan  pertimbangan  terhadap  komplikasi  berat, seperti symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH). Beberapa faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap kejadian sICH antara lain usia, derajat stroke, perubahan tanda iskemik dini, hiperglikemia dan diabetes melitus, tekanan darah, penggunaan antiplatelet, serta waktu pemberian. Pasien dengan risiko sICH tertinggi memiliki keuntungan terbesar dari trombolisis sehingga menunda tindakan bukanlah suatu opsi. Kepatuhan terhadap panduan tindakan dapat mengurangi angka kejadian komplikasi berat.Kata kunci: Prediktor keamanan, stroke iskemik akut, trombolisis, sICH
PENGARUH AKTIVITAS PENGASUHAN CUCU TERHADAP FUNGSI KOGNITIF PADA PEREMPUAN LANSIA
Authors: Jovianti Frederica , Suryakusuma Linda , Turana Yuda , Handajani Yvonne Suzy
Published: April 2021

THE IMPACT OF GRANDPARENTING ACTIVITY ON COGNITIVE FUNCTION IN ELDERLY WOMANABSTRACT Introduction: Cognitive impairment is a neurodegenerative process which often experienced by the elderly. One of the factors associated with cognitive function is grandparenting which is common and has become a social norm in Indonesia.Aims: To determine the association between characteristics of the subjects and grandparenting activity with cognitive function in elderly woman.Methods: This study was conducted on July 2016–January 2017 in West Jakarta and as a part of Active Ageing Research in Atma Jaya University. The data were collected through grandparenting activity questionnaire and cognitive function assessment using Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE).Results: Based on 93 participants, the age mean was 67,51±5,058 and majority had education <9 years (54,8%). Data analysis showed that education, grandparenting, the quality of grandparenting, types of grandparenting activity specifically preparing food and/or feeding child and storytelling had a significant association with global cognitive function.Discussions: Physical, social activity, and cognitive stimulation while caring for grandchildren can prevent decline in cognitive function.Keywords: Elderly, cognitive function, grandparentingABSTRAK Pendahuluan: Penurunan fungsi kognitif merupakan suatu proses neurodegeneratif yang sering dialami oleh lansia. Salah satu faktor yang dianggap berpengaruh terhadap fungsi kognitif adalah aktivitas pengasuhan cucu yang masih umum dilakukan dan telah menjadi bagian dari norma masyarakat di Indonesia.Tujuan: Mengetahui hubungan antara karakteristik subjek dan aktivitas pengasuhan cucu terhadap fungsi kognitif pada perempuan lansia.Metode: Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Juli 2016–Januari 2017 di Jakarta Barat dan merupakan bagian dari penelitian Active Ageing di Universitas Atma Jaya. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui pengisian kuesioner aktivitas pengasuhan cucu dan pengukuran fungsi kognitif menggunakan Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE).Hasil: Penelitian terhadap 93 subjek dengan rerata usia 67,51±5,058 dan sebagian besar berpendidikan <9 tahun (54,8%). Pendidikan, aktivitas pengasuhan cucu, kualitas pengasuhan cucu, serta jenis aktivitas pengasuhan cucu, yaitu menyiapkan dan/atau menyuapi makanan dan membacakan cerita memiliki hubungan yang bermakna dengan fungsi kognitif global.Diskusi: Aktivitas fisik, sosial dan stimulasi kognitif pada saat mengasuh cucu dapat mencegah terjadinya penurunanfungsi kognitif.Kata kunci: Aktivitas pengasuhan cucu, fungsi kognitif, lanjut usia
PENGARUH REPETITIVE TRANSCRANIAL MAGNETIC STIMULATION (r-TMS) TERHADAP INTENSITAS NYERI PENDERITA CENTRAL POST-STROKE PAIN (CPSP)
Authors: Goenadhi Dody Perdana , Tammasse Jumraini , Gunawan David
Published: April 2021

EFFECTS OF REPETITIVE TRANSCRANIAL MAGNETIC STIMULATION (r-TMS) TOWARDS PAIN INTENSITY IN PATIENTS WITH CENTRAL POST-STROKE PAIN (CPSP)ABSTRACTIntroduction: About 2,7% patients have experienced central post-stroke pain (CPSP) after stroke attack. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (r-TMS) is a nonpharmacological method to overcome CPSP.Aims: To determine the effectiveness of r-TMS to reduce pain intensity in patients with CPSP.Methods: Randomized-controlled trial in Wahidin Sudirohusodo hospital and Inggit clinic from December 2017 until May 2018. Subjects were divided to 2 groups; control, who received standard therapy for CPSP, and treatment, who received standard therapy for CPSP and r-TMS. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation was done using 2000 pulse and 10Hz frequency. Pain intensity was measured with Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) at baseline, after r-TMS until day 10. Data analysis was done by Mann-Whitney test.Results: As much as 30 subjects were divided into 2 groups (15 control and 15 treatment). The difference in NPRS score after 10 days of treatment was statistically higher in the treatment group compared to the control (6,67 vs 4,67, p=0,002).Discussion: There was a significant reduction in pain intensity in the group given r-TMS for 10 cycles.Keywords: Central pain, NPRS, r-TMS, strokeABSTRAKPendahuluan: Sebanyak 2,7% pasien mengalami central post-stroke pain (CPSP) setelah serangan. Efektivitas repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (r-TMS) merupakan salah satu metoda nonfarmakologis untuk mengatasi CPSP.Tujun: Mengetahui efektivitas repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (r-TMS) terhadap penurunan intensitas nyeri pada penderita CPSP.Metode: Uji klinis terandomisasi di RSUP Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo dan Klinik Inggit dari Desember 2017 hingga Mei 2018. Subjek dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok, kelompok kontrol yang mendapat terapi standar dan kelompok perlakuan yang ditambahkan r-TMS. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation dilakukan sebanyak 2000 pulse dengan frekuensi 10Hz. Nyeri diukur dengan Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) sebelum dan pascaterapi hingga hari ke-10. Analisis data dilakukan dengan uji Mann-Whitney.Hasil: Didapatkan 30 subjek yang dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok (15 kontrol dan 15 perlakuan). Selisih skor NPRS setelah sepuluh hari terapi lebih besar secara signifikan pada kelompok perlakuan dibandingkan dengan kontrol (6,67 vs 4,67, p=0,002).Diskusi: Terdapat penurunan intensitas nyeri yang signifikan pada kelompok yang diberikan r-TMS selama 10 siklus.Kata kunci: Central pain, NPRS, stroke, r-TMS
INTENSITAS MIELUM PADA GAMBARAN MRI SERVIKAL SEBAGAI FAKTOR PROGNOSTIK LUARAN CERVICAL SPONDYLOSIS MYELOPATHY PASCAOPERASI
Authors: Saekhu Mohamad , Pardede Jeremia Prastya , Aman Renindra Ananda , Tobing Hanif Gordang , Ashari Samsul , Tandian David , Ichwan Syaiful , Sadewo Wismaji , Priyambodo Affan , Nugroho Setyo Widi
Published: April 2021

MYELUM INTENSITY ON MRI CERVICAL AS PROGNOSTIC FACTORS IN CERVICAL SPONDYLOSIS MYELOPATHY PATIENTSABSTRACTIntroduction: Cervical spondylosis myelopathy (CSM) is a stenosis condition in cervical canal due to the cervical structural changes that compress the myelum, thus causing spinal medulla ischemia. Other than clinical factors, myelum intensity changes on MRI T1-weighted images (T1W1) and T2W1 might be useful to predict the pos-operative outcome.Aims: Identify prognostic factors in post-operative patients with CSM based on clinical symptoms and myelum intensity on cervical MRI.Methods: Retrospective study on CSM patients who underwent surgery in Neurosurgery Department, Cipto Mangunkusumo hospital, Jakarta, from January 2013 to December 2016. Magnetic resonance imaging data was obtained before the surgery, while clinical symptoms were assessed by Nurick scale before and 1 year after the surgery to evaluate outcome.Results: There were 50 subjects included in this study with mean age 51.98±9.64 years, majority male (76%), have moderate myelopathy (Nurick scale pre-operative ≤2), and time between onset and surgery mostly ≤1 year (80%). Most subject (88%) had improvement clinically, but mostly without hypointensity on cervical T1W1 MRI.Discussion: Myelum hypointensity in cervical MRI is associated with poor outcome in CSM post-surgery patients.Keywords: Cervical spondylosis myelopathy, MRI, myelum hypointensity, Nurick scaleABSTRAKPendahuluan: Cervical spondylosis myelopathy (CSM) merupakan suatu kondisi stenosis kanal servikal akibat adanya perubahan struktur servikal yang menyebabkan kompresi mielum, sehingga timbul iskemia medula spinalis. Selain faktor-faktor klinis, perubahan intensitas mielum pada MRI T1-weighted images (T1W1) dan T2W1 dapat dijadikan modalitas untuk memprediksi luaran pascaoperasi.Tujuan: Mengidentifikasi faktor prognosis luaran pasien CSM pascaoperasi berdasarkan gejala klinis dan intensitas mielum pada gambaran MRI servikal.Metode: Penelitian retrospektif terhadap penderita CSM yang dilakukan operasi di Departemen Bedah Saraf RSUPN Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo, Jakarta, pada bulan Januari 2013 hingga Desember 2016. Dilakukan penilaian klinis dan gambaran MRI awal, serta luaran 1 tahun pascaoperasi menggunakan skor Nurick.Hasil: Terdapat 50 subjek dengan rerata usia 51,98±9,64 tahun, terutama laki-laki (76%), memiliki derajat mielopati ringan (skor Nurick preoperasi ≤2), dan jarak antara onset dengan waktu operasi ≤1 tahun (80%). Sebagian besar subjek (88%) mengalami perbaikan skor pascaoperasi yang mayoritas (95,4%) tidak didapatkan gambaran hipointesintas pada T1W1 MRI servikal.Diskusi: Hipointensitas mielum pada MRI servikal merupakan faktor prognosis luaran buruk pascaoperasi pada pasien CSM.Kata kunci: Cervical spondylosis myelopathy, hipointens, mielum, MRI, skala Nurick
KARAKTERISTIK GANGGUAN NYERI SEBAGAI GEJALA NON-MOTORIK PADA PENYAKIT PARKINSON
Authors: Wijaya Vincent Ongko , Pinzon Rizaldy Taslim
Published: April 2021

PAIN CHARACTERISTICS AS NON-MOTOR SYMPTOM IN PARKINSON DISEASEABSTRACTIntroduction: Parkinson’s Disease (PD) as a progressive neurodegenerative disorder of the central nervous system that has motor and non-motor symptom. Pain is one of the most common non-motor symptom of PD and has a significant impact in impairment of patients quality of life, therefore understanding the characteristics of pain in PD is needed.Aim: To obtain the characteristics of pain disorder in Parkinson’s Disease patients.Method: This was an observational descriptive study with cross sectional design in PD patients Bethesda Hospital in Yogyakarta from January to March 2018. The characteristics of pain in PD patients was assessed based on anamnesis and King’s Parkinson Disease Pain Scale (KPPS) questionnaire filling.Result: Thirty-one PD patients were assessed with majority being male (54.8%), >70 years old (45.15%), H&Y stage III (64.5%), and disease duration 1-2 years (41.9%). Pain was present in over 70.96% patients mostly musculoskeletal pain (45.2%), followed by nocturnal pain (25.8%) and radicular pain (25.8%).Discussion: The prevalence of pain as non-motor symptom of PD patients with majority in H&Y stage III was 70.96%, with the most common types were musculoskeletal pain, nocturnal pain, and radicular pain.Keywords: Pain, parkinson’s diseaseABSTRAKPendahuluan: Penyakit Parkinson (PP) adalah kelainan neurodegeneratif sistem saraf pusat (SSP) yang progresif dengan gejala motorik dan non-motorik. Nyeri merupakan salah satu manifestasi non-motorik tersering pada PP, serta berperan cukup signifikan terhadap penurunan kualitas hidup pada pasien, sehingga diperlukan pemahaman mengenai karakteristik nyeri pada PP.Tujuan: Mengetahui prevalensi dan karakteristik gangguan nyeri pada pasien PP.Metode: Penelitian deskriptif observasional secara potong lintang terhadap pasien PP di RS Bethesda, Yogyakarta, pada bulan Januari hingga Maret 2018. Karakteristik nyeri pada pasien PP dinilai berdasarkan hasil anamnesis melalui pengisian kuesioner King’s Parkinson Disease Pain Scale (KPPS).Hasil: Didapatkan 31 subjek PP yang mayoritas laki-laki (54,8%) berusia >70 tahun (45,1%), berada stadium III (64,5%), dan durasi sakit 1-2 tahun (41,9%). Nyeri ditemukan pada 70,96% subjek, berupa nyeri muskuloskeletal (45,2%), nyeri nokturnal (25,8%), dan nyeri radikuler (25,8%).Diskusi: Prevalensi nyeri sebagai gejala non-motorik pada PP yang mayoritas berada pada stadium III adalah 70,96% dengan karakteristik nyeri terbanyak berupa nyeri muskuloskeletal, nyeri nokturnal, dan nyeri radikular.Kata kunci:  Nyeri, penyakit Parkinson
STENTING PADA SINUS VENOSUS SEREBRAL DENGAN HIPERTENSI INTRAKRANIAL IDIOPATIK
Authors: Usman Fritz Sumantri , Soetanto Gamaliel Wibowo , Piliang Pinto Desti , Tanasal Audhy , Hernawan Hernawan , Yudo Trenggono , Alwahdy Ahmad Sulaiman
Published: April 2021

CEREBRAL SINUS VENOSUS STENTING IN IDIOPATHIC INTRACRANIAL HYPERTENSIONABSTRACTIdiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is a group of symptoms caused by increase in intracranial pressure without any damage of brain parenchyma. Idiopathic intracranial hypertension is usually known as cerebral pseudotumor. This disease can cause visual disturbance, even visual loss, thus decrease quality of daily living. Treatment of this disease consists of disease modifying, medicine, surgery and neurovascular interventional procedure such as venous sinus stenting. High risk in failure and complication of surgery gives venous sinus stent procedure a chance to grow. Case reports and meta-analysis showed that venous sinus stent has high success rate and very low complication rate.Keywords: Cerebral pseudotumor, intracranial idiopathic hypertension (IIH), venous sinus stent (VSS)ABSTRAKHipertensi  intrakranial  idiopatik  (HII)  merupakan  kumpulan  gejala  akibat  peningkatan  tekanan  intrakranial tanpa dijumpai adanya kelainan pada parenkim otak. HII sering dikenal dengan pseudotumor serebri. Penyakit ini dapat menimbulkan penurunan kualitas hidup sehari-hari dengan timbulnya penurunan tajam penglihatan bahkan memiliki potensi kebutaan. Tata laksana HII terdiri dari medikamentosa, operatif dan prosedur neurovaskular intervensi berupa prosedur stent sinus venosus. Risiko kegagalan dan angka komplikasi yang tinggi pada tindakan operatif memberikan kesempatan pada prosedur stent sinus venosus untuk berkembang. Laporan kasus, penelitian dan uji meta analisa memberikan kesimpulan bahwa prosedur stent sinus venosus memberikan angka keberhasilan yang tinggi dan angka komplikasi yang sangat rendah.Kata kunci: Hipertensi intrakranial idiopatik (HII), pseudotumor serebri, stent sinus venosus
PROBLEMATIKA DI AKHIR KEHIDUPAN PASIEN DEMENSIA BERAT
Authors: Nari Diatri Lastri
Published: April 2021

END-OF-LIFE ISSUES IN ADVANCED DEMENTIAABSTRACTThe number of people living with dementia worldwide in 2015 was estimated at 47.47 million, reaching 75.63 million in 2030. Dementia could cause many issues such as establishing goals of care, feeding difficulty, swallowing difficulty, dehydration, pneumonia, and decision making when the patient cannot actively participate. Goals of care for patient with severe dementia are person-centered. To keep hydration and nutrition status in patients with severe dementia, the best approach is risk-managed eating or comfort feeding. The main consideration for antibiotic use in dementia patient with pneumonia is goals of care. In a decision-making discussion, physician should prepare to promote compassionate and evidence-based counselling to minimize the burden of decision making for the surrogate decision maker.Keywords: Advanced dementia, goals of care, decision making, feeding and swallowing difficultyABSTRAKJumlah penderita demensia di dunia pada tahun 2015 diperkirakan mencapai 47,47 juta jiwa dan akan mencapai 75,63 juta jiwa pada tahun 2030. Demensia dapat menimbulkan berbagai masalah, seperti kesulitan menentukan tujuan perawatan, masalah terkait perawatan (sulit makan, sulit menelan, dehidrasi, dan pneumonia), serta pengambilan keputusan ketika pasien tidak dapat lagi berpartisipasi secara aktif. Tujuan perawatan pada pasien demensia berat haruslah berpusat pada pasien. Untuk menjaga status hidrasi dan nutrisi pada pasien demensia berat yang kesulitan menelan atau makan, pendekatan yang paling baik adalah risk-managed eating atau comfort feeding. Demikian pula pertimbangan utama penggunaan antibiotik pada pasien demensia. Dalam diskusi mengenai keputusan yang akan diambil, dokter sebaiknya menyiapkan konseling dengan empati dan berdasarkan bukti ilmiah untuk meminimalisasi beban pengambilan keputusan oleh pengganti pengambil keputusan (surrogate decision-maker).Kata kunci: Demensia berat, pengambilan keputusan, kesulitan makan dan menelan