bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Iraqi Society (2015-2021) A Study in Political Sociology
Authors: Sarhan Ahmed Dr. Sundus
Published: May 2023

Purpose of the research is to study Iraqi society (2015-2021) from the entrance of political sociology, so that the research problem is represented in the extent of the repercussions of social and political events, stations, and experiences (extremism and terrorism represented in the organization of ISIS, the popular protests (2015-2019), the victory over ISIS in 2017, and the referendum On the independence of the Kurdistan region and its separation from the Iraqi state, up to the electoral processes (2018-2021), which the Iraqi society went through on the political and social reality in the Iraqi state by adopting a study of political sociology in those events, stations and experiences, as well as standing on the outcomes of those events. And the stations and experiences in the Iraqi society socially and politically, and their repercussions on the democratic political system and the directions of the political process and standing on the role of administrative and financial corruption in the emergence of social and political protests and their reflection on political and social stability. The Iraqi represents the political, social and security factors that increase the internal complexity and have a strong and important impact on the Iraqi political and social arena in the Iraqi scene, so that the research recommends adopting a national program for political socialization that contributes to transforming and unifying the strengths of the Iraqi political society, and turning them into points of support in the change and unification of the political orientation And social, and generating a social and political environment suitable for building a state of law, institutions and the rule of law to build a new society and adopting the democratic political system that the Iraqi society seeks, as it adopts justice so that the components of Iraqi society take their social, cultural and political role in building properly and ultimately leads to the achievement of development objectives
The Role of Cognitive Assimilation of Human Resources in Strategic Performance: Exploratory Research at the Higher Institute for Security and Administrative Development
Authors: Muhammad Farag Anmar , Yasin Rahim D Muhammad
Published: May 2023

The main idea of the research is embodied in the researcher's attempt to diagnose the role played by the cognitive assimilation of human resources in enhancing strategic performance through the correlation and influence relationships that combine these two variables, as knowledge is the main engine for all activities and operations carried out by the organization, so it is necessary to pay attention to providing it and achieving assimilation Of them, strategic performance also constitutes the natural reflection of the successes achieved by contemporary organizations. The research problem was represented by asking a major question, which is does the administration within the Higher Institute for Security and Administrative Development realize the importance of employing knowledge absorption in enhancing their strategic performance? The importance of research is also divided into three areas. Theoretical, applied and societal. In order to achieve the objectives of the research, the researcher adopted the analytical descriptive approach in completing it with its theoretical and applied aspects. The researcher also designed a questionnaire according to a number of ready-made scales, which was distributed to a sample of (108) individuals working at the Higher Institute for Security and Administrative Development, and a set of statistical tools were used in processing the research data, which are available in the ready-made statistical programs (SPSS.V21, AMOSE, EXCEL), and among the most prominent results that came out In the research, there is a significant statistically significant effect of the knowledge accumulation of human resources in the strategic performance. Nevertheless, the researcher recommended the need for the organization in the field of application to look at the experiences of developed countries in the field of investing the results of knowledge absorption of human resources in enhancing its strategic performance and trying to transfer its successes to the Iraqi environment.
Entrepreneurial Mindset: Conceptual Analysis and Effective Way for Profit Making
Authors: Parashar Dr. Suhasini
Published: May 2023

In an era of industrialization, an entrepreneur is a decision maker, where entrepreneur attempt to maximize profit. An entrepreneurial mindset is practice that keep at priority long term planning, enabling to face any problems and challenges with start-up a business. It shows having an open mind, keep in mind critical, analytical thinking, and being active times not favorable and looking for solutions. An entrepreneurial mindset becomes a set of skills helping people to identify and have opportunities, overcome problems and learn from setbacks, and succeed in a various situations. The entrepreneurial mindset successful with Curiosity, Connections, and Creating Value. A good entrepreneur is always open to new ideas and analysis focus on business to succeed and characteristics to cultivate. The focus of this article is to study the Nature, Entrepreneurship Theory: Behavioral Approach, Impact of factors on Entrepreneurship mindset and Opportunity Avail, Government policy and analyzing the effect of entrepreneurship mind set .
Management of the febrile neutropenic patient in 2023
Authors:   “Prof. Dr. Matei Bals” National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Bucharest, Romania, Mangaloiu David-Valentin , Staicu Isabela-Daniela ,   “Prof. Dr. Matei Bals” National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Bucharest, Romania, Negru Anca Ruxandra ,   “Prof. Dr. Matei Bals” National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Bucharest, Romania,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Molagic Violeta ,   “Prof. Dr. Matei Bals” National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Bucharest, Romania,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Tiliscan Catalin ,   “Prof. Dr. Matei Bals” National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Bucharest, Romania,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Adamescu Aida-Isabela ,   “Prof. Dr. Matei Bals” National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Bucharest, Romania,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Ganea Oana-Alexandra ,   “Prof. Dr. Matei Bals” National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Bucharest, Romania,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Stratan Laurentiu-Mihaita ,   “Prof. Dr. Matei Bals” National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Bucharest, Romania,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Mihai Nicoleta ,   “Prof. Dr. Matei Bals” National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Bucharest, Romania,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Arama Stefan Sorin ,   “Prof. Dr. Matei Bals” National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Bucharest, Romania,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Arama Victoria ,   “Prof. Dr. Matei Bals” National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Bucharest, Romania,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
Published: May 2023

Febrile neutropenia (FN) is a well-known complication of chemotherapy (CHT) regimens, which appears more frequently in patients receiving CHT for hematologic malignancies, than those with solid tumors. Given the fact that this condition is life threatening, as well as multiple complications that may happen, rapid intervention is required, administration of empirical antibiotic therapy being necessary in the first hour of admission. Due to the high mortality rate associated with Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections, patients at risk should be given an antipseudomonal antibiotic agent, such as cefepime, carbapenem or piperacillin-tazobactam. Regarding empirical antibiotic coverage for gram-positive microorganisms, this is preserved for hypotensive patients, with skin/soft infections or suspected catheters infection or those taking fluoroquinolone. Considering the fact that a variety of bacterial, viral and fungal pathogens are responsible for high morbidity and mortality among patients with FN, preventable measures like antibiotic, antifungal and antiviral, as well as vaccination and prophylaxis with G-CSF, are crucial components in providing medical treatment for onco-hematological patients.
Robust Control Design for Three-Phase Power Inverters using Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Nimpitiwan Natthaphob , Kaitwanidvilai Somyot
Published: May 2023

This paper proposes a new technique to design a fixed-structure robust controller for grid connected three-phase inverter systems. The proposed technique applies the Genetic Algorithm to evaluate the optimal controller parameters. The integral squared error (ISE) of the controlled system is minimized and the robust performance (RP) of the system is satisfied. In the proposed design, the structure of controller is specified as a decentralized Proportional- Integral (PI) controller which is preferred for practical implementations. Simulation results show that the proposed technique is promising. Applying the proposed technique ensures wide operating conditions for three-phase power inverters.
Development Composite Customer Damage Function Using the Customer Survey Based Method for Power System Reliability Planning
Authors: Teansri Panuwat , Bhasaputra Pornrapeepat , Pattaraprakorn Woraratana
Published: May 2023

The optimization in reliability cost-benefit analysis for distribution investment planning has been more attended on energy delivery services in Thailand. In this research, the reliability costs for the customer point of views represented as the interruption costs are presented. The data for analysis is provided from customer survey-based method during 2008-2009. Due to the direct and indirect impacts for electric customer in each category are different, the concept and methodology for data collecting based on customer survey is described. According to interruption costs are different for each sector, the customer survey results are classified into four customer sectors. In each sector, the individual customer damage function derived from survey is aggregated to develop sector customer damage function. The composite customer damage function utilized in regional reliability investment planning is also presented. In addition, the reliability cost evaluation in term of interrupted energy assessment rate for the selected industrial estate is determined in order to investigate industrial customer impact at the level of microeconomics scale. Application areas of reliability cost indices to enhance the effectiveness planning and operation of power distribution system are also recommended.
Asset Management for Power Transformer in High Voltage Substation
Authors: Suwanasri Thanapong , Phadungthin Rattanakorn , Suwanasri Cattareeya
Published: May 2023

In this paper, an innovative asset management in inventory control of power transformer in high voltage substation is proposed. Using Pareto analysis, the components of power transformer are classified into ABC Classes. Class A means the few most expensive ones that need special care. Class B means ordinary ones that need standard care. Class C means the large number of cheap items that need little care. The inventory management strategies as statistical distribution methods, economic ordering policy, and two-bin policy are initiatively applied to the transformer components in the ABC Classes. Finally, the optimum number of spare parts, the optimum ordering quantity, the suitable time for reordering, and the saving inventory cost are determined in order to minimize the total inventory cost. The power transformer fleet in Thailand is presented as example of inventory control of transmission asset.
An Anti-Islanding for Multiple Photovoltaic Inverters using Harmonic Current Injections
Authors: Patthamakunchai Sutthipan , Konghirun Mongkol , Lenwari Wanchak
Published: May 2023

Islanding phenomenon is one of the major concerns in the distributed generator (DG) systems. Islanding occurs when one or more DGs supplied local loads without connecting to the grid utility. This unintentional condition must be detected with the minimum time possible to prevent the hazardous effects to a person worked in the system or equipment connected to the network. The two main methods of anti-islanding are passive and active methods. The passive methods are excellent in the speed of detection and power quality. However, the passive have relatively large non-detection zone (NDZ). On the other hands, the active methods have less relatively small NDZ and still provide a good speed of detection. This paper proposes an anti-islanding technique for multiple grid-connected inverters in photovoltaic (PV) system based on an active method by injecting harmonic currents with the same or different harmonicorders (h), 5th and 9th harmonics. Due to its excellent algorithm looking at specific frequencies, the Goertzel algorithm is employed in this paper to identify frequency components. This algorithm extracts specific voltage component monitoring the change at the point of common coupling (PCC), as a result the islanding condition can be diagnosed by considering the change in impedance related to injecting harmonics during connecting and islanding condition. Simulation results using PSIM software confirm the effectiveness to the technique in accordance with the requirements of the interconnection standards, IEEE Std. 1547 and IEEE Std. 929-2000.
Optimal DG Allocation in a Smart Distribution Grid Using Cuckoo Search Algorithm
Authors: Buaklee Wirote , Hongesombut Komsan
Published: May 2023

In a smart distribution grid environment, the applications of Distributed Generation (DG) are widely employed. Using these applications can have both positive and negative impacts on the distribution system. The sizing and location of their installations are the issues that should be taken into consideration to gain the maximum benet. This paper presents a application of the Cuckoo Search (CS) for the optimal sizing and siting of DG in a smart distribution power system in order to minimize real power losses by maintaining the fault level and the voltage variation within the acceptable limit. The CS is inspired by the obligate brood parasitism of some cuckoo species by putting their eggs in the nests of other species. To demonstrate the eectiveness of the proposed methodology, a simplify 9-bus radial distribution system of the Provincial Electricity Authority of Thailand (PEA) is selected for the computer simulation with DIgSILENT software to explore the benet of the optimal DG placement and the performance of the CS.
Robust Interline Power Flow Controller with Wind Power Source Using Phase-Plane Fuzzy Logic Control
Authors: Hongesombut Komsan , Kerdphol Thongchart
Published: May 2023

This paper designs the phase-plane fuzzy logic control method of the interline power ow controller (IPFC) in the power system consisting of the single synchronous generator connected to the innite bus based on the modied Heron-Phillip's model. The proposed controller is applied to control the frequency robustly and to improve the power system stability due to the uncertainty of power produced from the installed wind turbine in the system. The power from the installed wind turbine is introduced into the system and treated as the uncertainty in the power system. The results reveal that the phaseplane fuzzy logic control can achieve higher performance and more robustness compared with the optimally tuned lead-lag compensator.
Multi-Objective Design for Switched Reluctance Machines Using Genetic and Fuzzy Algorithms
Authors: Owatchaiphong Satit , Fuengwarodsakul Nisai
Published: May 2023

This paper generalizes an automatic design process for dimensioning switched reluctance machines using a combination between genetic and fuzzy algorithms. The process considers all desired performance, dimensions and design guidelines as optimization objectives for determining tness score of genetic algorithms whereas most automatic processes neither consider the restricted dimensions as objectives nor use them during adjusting machine dimensions. The processes are immediately interrupted and reject adjusted models in case that any dimension of these models does not comply with the restrictions regardless of their performances. In this paper, all interrupts are eliminated from design process. Besides, optimization objectives from design guidelines based on empirical experience improve the calculation accuracy of analytical analysis while still satisfying the requirements. Despite the increased number of objectives, the tness of each objective is still normally determined since fuzzy algorithms connect all objectives together to convert model goodness into a scale factor used for scaling the objectives before summing into the tness score. This formulates imprecise decision of designers into fuzzy rules and compensates the lacks of design experiences. The proposed method demonstrates the promising results veried by statistical records of model optimization from a mass simulation.
Design of Cogeneration and Analysis of Economic and Environmental Optimal Operations for Building Energy Management System
Authors: Petkajee Thanakorn , Banjerdpongchai David
Published: May 2023

This paper proposes a design of cogeneration or combined heat and power (CHP) system and analysis of economic and environmental optimal operations for a building energy management system (BEMS). The proposed BEMS consists of a CHP system, an auxil- iary boiler, an absorption chiller, and power grids. The design problem concerns with multi-objective cost functions: total operating costs (TOC) and total carbon dioxide emissions (TCOE) which can be for- mulated as a linear program. The optimal operation analysis is employed to determine a suitable capacity of the CHP system for the proposed BEMS. Then, we analyze the optimal energy ow for each component and the relationship between TOC and TCOE. The numerical results show that the proposed BEMS can reduce both TOC and TCOE up to 30% and 14%, compared to the original electricity usage. Further- more, the simulation is extended to determine risk in a long-term operation by investigating the impact of fuel prices to TOC and TCOE.
2013 Reviewer List
Authors: EEC ECTI
Published: May 2023

ECTI Transactions on Electrical Engineering, Electronics, and Communications (ECTI-EEC)
Investigation on Partial Discharge of Power Cable Termination Defects using High Frequency Current Transformer
Authors: Suwanasri Cattareeya , Suwanasri Thanapong , Fuangpian Phanupong
Published: May 2023

This paper presents partial discharge (PD) investigation of different cable termination defects. The medium voltage power cables as rated of 3.6/6(7.2) kV are applied. Finite Element Method Magnetic (FEMM) program is used as a simulation tool for electric field stress investigation. The partial discharges patterns are detected by using a commercial High Frequency Current Transformer (HFCT). The simple cases for internal, surface and corona discharge are firstly observed in order to investigate the performance of the HFCT. Then eight different case studies of cable termination defects are further investigated, which includes non-terminator, voids between XLPE and stress control, 20 mm. overlaps between semiconductor and stress control, particles on XLPE, non-smooth XLPE, needle tip on insulation screen, impropriate cable bending, and proper termination. The results are then compared with the results from a conventional PD diagnosis tool according to IEC 60270 standard. The results of PD detection show that the commercial product can detect the PD waveform and measure the electric charge when it is highly enough. The test can also identify trends toward breakdown and there severity due to improper cable termination defects.
Overcurrent Protection with Semiconductor Device Protection for Li-Ion Battery Management System in Electric Bicycles
Authors: Fuengwarodsakul Nisai H. , Puviwatnangkurn Waraporn , Tanboonjit Bundit
Published: May 2023

This paper presents a design concept of an overcurrent protection for Li-Ion battery pack used in electric bicycles.  This overcurrent protection scheme is implemented as a part of the battery management system (BMS).  In addition to the conventional protection of the Li-Ion battery pack, the proposed concept extends the protection to cover also semiconductor devices in the motor converter from short-circuit fault and overloading. The protection scheme was developed based on i2t current-time protection characteristics in order to obtain interrupting characteristics in a similar way to conventional protection devices like circuit breaker or fuse.  The developed protection concept was implemented by adapting the software algorithm of a high-grade battery management system platform without any hardware adaptation.  The existing discharging MOSFETs are employed as the electronic circuit breaker mechanism for cutting-off the circuit.  The functionality of the proposed concept was successfully validated by experimental results.
Experimental Validation of the Non-Singular Terminal Sliding Mode Controller for a Process Control System
Authors: Laware Ajit Rambhau , Awaze Sneha Kuldipak , Bandal Vitthal Shrirang , Talange Dhananjay Balu
Published: May 2023

This paper presents the design of a non-singular terminal sliding mode control (NTSMC) algorithm to process a tank system which ensures high robustness, non-singularity, and finite-time convergence. The proposed control method and modified sliding manifold remove the problems associated with singularity and value complexity. The stability of the proposed strategy is proven via Lyapunov analysis, which explores the conditions for a sliding surface and error convergency in finite time to an equilibrium point or origin.
The control performance of the proposed method is comparable with classical terminal sliding mode control (TSMC) and typical continuous-time sliding mode control (SMC). The simulation and experimental results reveal the efficacy of NTSMC for estimating parameters, set-point changes from one level to another, and external disturbances. The comparison shows better process speed, settling time, rise time, non-overshoot response, and reduced chattering.
Adaptive Balancing Strategy for Cell Capacitor Voltage in a Modular Multilevel Converter
Authors: Hussain Sheik , Raina Roma , Ismail Hidayathullah , Kaliyaperumal Saravanan
Published: May 2023

Due to the modular structure and voltage scalable features, the Modular Multilevel Converter (MMC) has become an alternative converter for high and medium voltage-based transmission systems. Apart from this, MMC has edible features in controlling the real and reactive power for a high-voltage transmission system compared to the conventional converter. However, some of the technical challenges such as control complexity when subjected to more voltage levels, capacitor voltage balancing issues, increase in capacitor voltage ripples, DC fault handling, and circulating current affect the performance of MMC in various applications. In this paper, an adaptive balancing strategy is proposed for capacitor voltage balancing of each cell connected in the MMC. This approach balances the floating capacitor in a simplified manner and henceforth reduces the capacitor voltage ripples to the permissible limit. In addition, the circulating current present in the MMC circuit will be suppressed in comparison to the conventional method. The proposed strategy is investigated under various operating conditions to analyze the effective performance compared to the traditional technique. A comparative study of the proposed approach is presented with various parameters of MMC performed using MATLAB Simulink software.
Design and Development of Improved Coyote Optimization-based Adaptive Equalization Technique for ECG Signal Transmission
Authors: Iniyavan R. , Vijayalakshmi B.
Published: May 2023

Biological signals such as an electrocardiogram (ECG) are broadcast directly through wireless devices and mobile networks during patients' real-time activities and over limitless distances. However, the transmission of signals through a limited band channel or over multi-propagation suffers from limitations such as inter-symbol interference (ISI). In channel output, the adjacent symbols smudge and integrate with each other by degenerating during error analysis. Equalization filters are used to improve such kinds of deformation. A new adaptive equalization approach is proposed in this paper to extract real broadcasted signals from Gaussian noise-distorted ECG signals using the enhanced meta-heuristic algorithm. The weight optimization strategy of the "adaptive equalization technique" is implemented using oppositional searched coyote optimization algorithm (OS-COA). The main purpose of adapting the improved meta-heuristic-based adaptive equalization technique is to decrease error in the section of receivers, thus ensuring the received ECG signal is error-free. The obtained outcomes are examined to evaluate the performance of error metrics like "mean square error (MSE), and convergence rate" of the introduced model and for comparison with other existing equalization approaches. According to the experimental evaluation, the recommended adaptive linear equalization technique has better extraction performance than other blind and nonlinear equalization approaches.
Load-Frequency Control in a Two-Area Power System Using the Fuzzy-PID Method
Authors: Moghaddam Saeed Gerami , Bagheri Ali Asghar , Sedaghati Reza
Published: May 2023

Power systems are plant units connected to each other, with the electrical power flow constantly moving between them and the load. All systems must be implemented in such a way that they remain stable not only under normal conditions but also after the implementation of unwanted inputs or malfunctions and should be able to return to stable nominal conditions as soon as possible. The basic factors of stability control in a power system are the frequency of different areas and the amount of power flow between them. Now that the main goals of stability control in a power system have been stated, these indicators must be kept at their desired levels through the design and implementation of controllers. This paper first describes the mechanism of load frequency control (LFC). The parameters of several types of complementary controllers are then designed based on the proposed algorithm. The controllers designed on the simulated power system are finally applied, and the effect of each controller on faster damping of frequency fluctuations is discussed. In this study, a multi-area power system is simulated and the effect of disturbance in each area and the performance of the proposed controller in controlling the frequency of the whole network are investigated. The case studies show that the share of active and reactive power generation sources in each region have the greatest impact on frequency control, given that the proposed control coefficients are determined using fuzzy logic in the shortest possible time and the number of transient oscillations eliminated, resulting in a steady system.
Investigation of the Sox-9 and Caspase-6 Immune Activity in Placentas of Pregnant Women with GDM
Authors: ÖCAL Ece , ALKAN AKALIN Senem , DEVECİ Engin
Published: May 2023

Aim: In this study, we investigated the immunohistochemical staining of Sox-9 and Caspase-6 expression in placentas of pregnant woman with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Material and Methods: Placentas of 20 healthy and 20 women with GDM were processed for routine histological tissue processing. The biochemical and clinical parameters of patients were recorded. Placentas were stained with hematoxylin-eosin and Sox-9 and Caspase-6 immunostaining. Results: In control group, Sox-9 expression was negative in decidual and connective cells and endothelial cells. In GDM group, Sox-9 expression was increased especially in the decidual cells. For the Caspase-6 expression, Caspase-6 reaction was mainly in maternal region in control group. In GDM group, Caspase-6 reaction was increased in decidual cells, in endothelial cells and in the syncytial nodes. Conclusion: Expression of Sox-9 transformed the decidua cells and lead to apoptotic pathway via Caspase-6 expression.
The Early Light Curve of the Type Ia Supernova 2021hpr in NGC 3147: Progenitor Constraints with the Companion Interaction Model
Authors: Lim Gu , Im Myungshin , Paek Gregory S. H. , Yoon Sung-Chul , Choi Changsu , Kim Sophia , Wheeler J. Craig , Thomas Benjamin P. , Vinkó Jozsef , Kim Dohyeong , Seo Jinguk , Kang Wonseok , Kim Taewoo , Sung Hyun-Il , Kim Yonggi , Yoon Joh-Na , Kim Haeun , Kim Jeongmook , Bae Hana , Ehgamberdiev Shuhrat , Burhonov Otabek , Mirzaqulov Davron
Published: May 2023

The progenitor system of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) is expected to be a close binary system consisting of a carbon/oxygen white dwarf (WD) and a nondegenerate star or another WD. Here, we present results from high-cadence monitoring observations of SN 2021hpr in a spiral galaxy, NGC 3147, and constraints on the progenitor system based on its early multicolor light-curve data. First, we classify SN 2021hpr as a normal SN Ia from its long-term photometric and spectroscopic data. More interestingly, we found a significant “early excess” in the light curve over a simple power-law ∼t
2 evolution. The early light curve evolves from blue to red to blue during the first week. To explain this, we fitted the early part of the BVRI-band light curves with a two-component model consisting of ejecta–companion interaction and a simple power-law model. The early excess and its color can be explained by shock-cooling emission due to a companion star having a radius of 8.84 ± 0.58 R
⊙. We also examined Hubble Space Telescope preexplosion images, finding no detection of a progenitor candidate, consistent with the above result. However, we could not detect signs of a significant amount of stripped mass from a nondegenerate companion star (≲0.003 M
⊙ for Hα emission). The early excess light in the multiband light curve supports a nondegenerate companion in the progenitor system of SN 2021hpr. At the same time, the nondetection of emission lines opens the door for other methods to explain this event.
X-Ray Spectroscopy of Interstellar Carbon: Evidence for Scattering by Carbon-bearing Material in the Spectrum of 1ES 1553+113
Authors: Staunton John , Paerels Frits
Published: May 2023

Molecules and particles make up ∼40%–70% of carbon in the interstellar medium, yet the exact chemical structure of these constituents remains unknown. We present carbon K-shell absorption spectroscopy of the Galactic interstellar medium obtained with the Low Energy Transmission Grating Spectrometer on board the Chandra Observatory that directly addresses this question. We probe several lines of sight, using bright active galactic nuclei as backlighters. We make our measurements differentially with respect to the bright source Mrk 421, in order to take the significant carbon K absorption in the instrument into account. In the spectrum of the blazar 1ES 1553+113 we find evidence for a novel feature: strong extinction on the low-energy side of the neutral C 1s−2p resonance, which is indicative of scattering by graphite particles. We find evidence for characteristic particle radii of order 0.1–0.15 μm. If this explanation for the feature is correct, limits on the mass of the available carbon along the line of sight may imply that the grains are partially aligned, and the X-rays from the source may have intrinsic polarization.
Comment on “Observational Evidence for Cosmological Coupling of Black Holes and its Implications for an Astrophysical Source of Dark Energy”
Authors: Mistele Tobias
Published: May 2023

It was recently claimed that black holes can explain the accelerated expansion of the universe. Here I point out that this claim is based on a confusion about the principle of least action, undermining the link between black holes and dark energy.
L’argent numérique, une nouvelle solution de développement
Authors: Al Dahdah Marine , Lainez Nicolas , Guérin Isabelle
Published: May 2023

Le numérique joue un rôle central dans les politiques de développement et l’argent numérique y est présenté comme un levier d’inclusion financière. Sa diffusion rapide repose sur des promesses sociotechniques héritées en partie du mouvement global de la microfinance. Proposant une approche multiscalaire, reliant des observations ethnographiques à micro-échelle aux tendances structurelles globales, cet article offre une analyse à la fois critique de l’argent numérique et attentive à ses ambiguïtés et ses ambivalences. Dans la lignée des recherches qui mettent en évidence l’extractivisme et la reproduction des inégalités, nous proposons de questionner les promesses de l’argent numérique au regard d’exemples de plateformes d’argent et de crédit en Afrique et en Asie. Adoptant une approche par le bas attentive aux usages et aux effets des économies politiques et morales, notre analyse s’appuie sur la notion d’appropriation, prise dans son double sens de propriété et d’adaptation.
Les langues de l’identité
Authors: Fiori René
Published: May 2023

Le langage contient par lui-même des éléments unilatéraux, l’injonction de la voix, l’univocité du discours à disposition de chacun. Les discours mettent en œuvre des unilatéralités qui, agrégées en nombre, peuvent concourir à instaurer un régime autoritaire. L’identité professionnelle assignée par l’Autre peut en être une si la subjectivité vivante n’a plus toute sa place.
Humaniser est œuvre collective et plurielle
Authors: Sacchelli Muriel
Published: May 2023

Constitutives du travail social autant que du soin psychique, la pluridisciplinarité et l’articulation des identités professionnelles qu’elle implique sont des enjeux d’autant plus importants à penser/panser que l’idéologie néolibérale régnante attaque les liens sociaux au sein des équipes, fragilisant collectif et institution. Les restaurer en passe par la réhabilitation de l’altérité et de la disputatio comme réponse au malaise dans l’institution et à la préservation d’une pensée clinique, condition d’un travail social émancipateur tant pour ses œuvriers (R. Gori) que pour ceux qui en bénéficient.
Stability analysis of Cohen-Grossberg neural networks with time-varying delay by flexible terminal interpolation method
Authors: Li Biwen , Sun Yibo
Published: May 2023

In the paper, the existence and uniqueness of the equilibrium point in the Cohen-Grossberg neural network (CGNN) are first studied. Additionally, a switched Cohen-Grossberg neural network (SCGNN) model with time-varying delay is established by introducing a switched system to the CGNN. Based on reducing the conservativeness of the system, a flexible terminal interpolation method is proposed. Using an adjustable parameter to divide the invariant time-delay interval into multiple adjustable terminal interpolation intervals $ (2^{\imath +1}-3) $, more moments when signals are transmitted slowly can be captured. To this end, a new Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional (LKF) is constructed, and the stability of SCGNN can be estimated. Using the LKF method, a quadratic convex inequality, linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) and ordinary differential equation theory, a new form of stability criterion is obtained and specific instances are given to prove the applicability of the new stability criterion.
Simulator selection based on complex probabilistic hesitant fuzzy soft structure using multi-parameters group decision-making
Authors: Ashraf Shahzaib , Garg Harish , Kousar Muneeba , Askar Sameh , Abbas Shahid
Published: May 2023

Simulation software replicates the behavior of real electrical equipment using mathematical models. This is efficient not only in regard to time savings but also in terms of investment. It, at large scale for instance airplane pilots, chemical or nuclear plant operators, etc., provides valuable experiential learning without the risk of a catastrophic outcome. But the selection of a circuit simulator with effective simulation accuracy poses significant challenges for today's decision-makers because of uncertainty and ambiguity. Thus, better judgments with increased productivity and accuracy are crucial. For this, we developed a complex probabilistic hesitant fuzzy soft set (CPHFSS) to capture ambiguity and uncertain information with higher accuracy in application scenarios. In this manuscript, the novel concept of CPHFSS is explored and its fundamental laws are discussed. Additionally, we investigated several algebraic aspects of CPHFSS, including union, intersections, soft max-AND, and soft min-OR operators, and we provided numerical examples to illustrate these key qualities. The three decision-making strategies are also constructed using the investigated idea of CPHFSS. Furthermore, numerical examples related to bridges and circuit simulation are provided in order to assess the validity and efficacy of the proposed methodologies. The graphical expressions of the acquired results are also explored. Finally, we conclude the whole work.
Blow-up and global existence of solutions for time-space fractional pseudo-parabolic equation
Authors: Li Yaning , Yang Yuting
Published: May 2023

In this article, we consider the Cauchy problem for the following time-space fractional pseudo-parabolic equations

   \begin{document}$ \begin{equation*} \left\{\begin{array}{l} { }_{0}^{C} D_{t}^{\alpha}(I-m \Delta ) u+\left ( - \Delta \right ) ^{\frac{\beta }{2} } u = |u|^{p-1} u, \quad x \in \mathbb{R}^{N}, \quad t>0, \\ u(0, x) = u_{0}(x), \quad\quad\quad\quad\quad\quad\quad\qquad x \in \mathbb{R}^{N}, \end{array} \right. \end{equation*} $\end{document}

where $ 0 < \alpha < 1, \ 0 < \beta < 2, \ p > 1, \ m > 0, \ u_{0} \in L^{q}\left(\mathbb{R}^{N}\right) $. An estimating $ L^p-L^q $ for solution operator of time-space fractional pseudo-parabolic equations is obtained. The critical exponents of this problem are determined when $ u_0\in L^{q}(\mathbb{R}^{N}). $ Moreover, we also obtain global existence of the mild solution when $ u_0\in L^p(\mathbb{R}^{N})\cap L^q(\mathbb{R}^{N}) $ small enough.
Study of MI-BCI classification method based on the Riemannian transform of personalized EEG spatiotemporal features
Authors: Ding Xiaotong , Yang Lei , Li Congsheng
Published: May 2023

Motor imagery (MI) is a traditional paradigm of brain-computer interface (BCI) and can assist users in creating direct connections between their brains and external equipment. The common spatial patterns algorithm is the most popular spatial filtering technique for collecting EEG signal features in MI-based BCI systems. Due to the defect that it only considers the spatial information of EEG signals and is susceptible to noise interference and other issues, its performance is diminished. In this study, we developed a Riemannian transform feature extraction method based on filter bank fusion with a combination of multiple time windows. First, we proposed the multi-time window data segmentation and recombination method by combining it with a filter group to create new data samples. This approach could capture individual differences due to the variation in time-frequency patterns across different participants, thereby improving the model's generalization performance. Second, Riemannian geometry was used for feature extraction from non-Euclidean structured EEG data. Then, considering the non-Gaussian distribution of EEG signals, the neighborhood component analysis (NCA) algorithm was chosen for feature selection. Finally, to meet real-time requirements and a low complexity, we employed a Support Vector Machine (SVM) as the classification algorithm. The proposed model achieved improved accuracy and robustness. In this study, we proposed an algorithm with superior performance on the BCI Competition IV dataset 2a, achieving an accuracy of 89%, a kappa value of 0.73 and an AUC of 0.9, demonstrating advanced capabilities. Furthermore, we analyzed data collected in our laboratory, and the proposed method achieved an accuracy of 77.4%, surpassing other comparative models. This method not only significantly improved the classification accuracy of motor imagery EEG signals but also bore significant implications for applications in the fields of brain-computer interfaces and neural engineering.
Inequality in COVID-19 vaccination in Africa
Authors: Zbiri Saad , Boukhalfa Chakib
Published: May 2023

Background. The COVID-19 pandemic has spread rapidly to all countries with significant health, socioeconomic, and political consequences. Several safe and effective vaccines have been developed. However, it is not certain that all African countries have successfully vaccinated their populations.Objective. To study the distribution and determinants of COVID-19 vaccination in Africa from March 2021 to June 2022.Methods. Using reliable open-access data, we used the proportion of fully vaccinated people with a complete schedule as a reference variable. To analyze the level of inequality in COVID-19 vaccination, we computed common inequality indicators including two percentile ratios, the Generalized Entropy index, the Gini coefficient, and the Atkinson index. We also estimated the Lorenz curve. To identify drivers of COVID-19 vaccination, we estimated univariate and multivariate regression models as a function of COVID-19-related variables, demographic, epidemiologic, socioeconomic, and health system-related variables. To overcome a potential endogeneity bias, we checked our results using simultaneous equation models.Results. 53 African countries with available data were included in the study. The proportion of fully vaccinated people increased during the study period. However, this increase remained unequal across African countries. Based on the inequality indicators and the Lorenz curve, inequalities in COVID-19 vaccination across African countries were high, although they have decreased in recent months. Total COVID-19 cases and human development index were identified as significant determinant factors that were independently associated with COVID-19 vaccination.Conclusions. Inequality in COVID-19 vaccination in Africa was high. Promoting adequate information to the general population and providing financial and logistical support to low-income countries can help expand COVID-19 vaccination in Africa.
Upregulated TNF-α and Lactate following ERK-SGK1 Activation in the Spinal Dorsal Horn Underlies Chronic Postsurgical Pain
Authors: Li Yuying , Shi Wenjuan , Dai Juanli , Jia Qi , Guo Gang , Zhang Yanling , Zhang Weihong
Published: May 2023

Skin/muscle incision and retraction (SMIR) during surgeries can lead to chronic postsurgical pain (CPSP). The underlying mechanisms are still unclear. In the present study, we showed that SMIR of the thigh induced phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), followed by serum- and glucocorticoid-inducible kinase-1 (SGK1) activation in the spinal dorsal horn. Intrathecal injection of PD98059, an ERK inhibitor, or GSK650394, a SGK1 inhibitor, significantly attenuated mechanical pain hypersensitivity in SMIR rats. The level of tumor necrosis factor α and lactate in spinal cord was significantly decreased by PD98059 or GSK650394 injection. Furthermore, PD98059 decreased the activation of SGK1 in the spinal dorsal horn. These results indicate that ERK-SGK1 activation followed by proinflammatory mediator release in the spinal dorsal horn underlies CPSP.
Mortality predictors during the third wave of COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Paliwal Naveen , Bihani Pooja , Rao Sukhdev , Jaju Rishabh , Mohammed Sadik , Khare Arvind , Dhawan Sonali , Rajpurohit Vikas , Tak Mathura Lal , Singariya Geeta
Published: May 2023

Background:

The COVID-19 has a varied mode of presentation in different regions of the world. This multicentric study was planned to evaluate the survival outcomes in intensive care unit-admitted patients admitted during the third wave of the COVID-19 pandemic on the basis of clinicodemographic profile and vaccination status.

Methodology:

Data from 299 patients admitted to three tertiary care centers in Western India were collected and analyzed. Based on survival outcomes, all patients were divided into two groups: survivors and nonsurvivors. Univariate analysis of the demographic profile, comorbidities, vaccination status, and disease severity was performed, whereas multivariate analysis was performed to predict independent factors associated with mortality.

Results:

Among total 299 studied patients, 208 (69.5%) patients survived and 91 (30.4%) did not. The number of elderly patients and patients with comorbidities such as diabetes, tuberculosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cardiovascular and respiratory diseases, and malignancy were more prevalent among nonsurvivors. Patients who did not receive a single dose of vaccine were higher in the nonsurvivor group (P = 0.037); however, no significant difference in survival outcome was found if patients had received the first or both doses of vaccine. The Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) score at 24 h after admission and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score at admission were significantly higher in nonsurvivors compared to survivors (P < 0.0001). On multivariate analysis, APACHE II and SOFA scores were found to be independent predictors of outcome.

Conclusions:

Older age, presence of comorbidities, nonvaccination and higher disease severity scores affected mortality during the third wave of COVID-19.
Evaluation of effect of dexamethasone and bicarbonate as adjuvants to intracuff lignocaine on endotracheal tube tolerance during emergence and incidence of postoperative cough and sore throat
Authors: Hasan Muazzam , Javed Atif , Das Kali Charan , Bindra Ashish
Published: May 2023

Background:

Smooth uneventful extubation and prevention of postoperative complications such as cough and sore throat adds to the quality of perioperative care and patient outcome. This study was designed to compare tube tolerance and hemodynamics during extubation, as well as the incidence of postoperative cough and sore throat, in patients operated under general anesthesia of more than 2-h duration.

Materials and Methods:

This prospective double-blinded, randomized controlled study included 100 patients posted for elective surgical procedures with expected duration of more than 2 h, under general anesthesia. Patients were divided randomly into two equal groups, namely Group A and Group B. In Group A, endotracheal tube (ETT) cuff was filled with lignocaine with sodium bicarbonate as an adjuvant, while in Group B, dexamethasone was added as an adjuvant to intracuff lignocaine. ETT tolerance at the time of extubation was recorded and compared. Other parameters such as rate pressure product, volume of drug diffused through cuff, and incidence of postoperative cough and sore throat were also compared. Data analysis was done using unpaired t-test and Chi-square test as appropriate, where P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:

Eighty-two percent of patients in Group A while 78% of patients in Group B were categorized as tube tolerant during extubation (P = 0.62). The incidence of postextubation sore throat at 1 h was 30% versus 16% (P = 0.09) while at 24 h was 20% versus 6% (P = 0.03) in Group A and Group B, respectively. The incidence of cough postextubation at 1 h was 6% versus 0 (P = 0.07) while at 24 h was 18% versus 4% (P = 0.02) in Group A and Group B, respectively. The volume of intracuff drug diffused during anesthesia was 0.71 ± 0.27 (mean ± standard deviation [SD]) ml in Group A and 0.5 ± 0.23 (mean ± SD) ml in Group B (P = 0.02). Majority of patients (>85%) in both the groups remained hemodynamic stable during emergence with no statistical difference between the groups.

Conclusion:

Both bicarbonate and dexamethasone as an adjuvant to 2% intracuff lignocaine offer smooth emergence in terms of tube tolerance and hemodynamic stability during extubation. However, dexamethasone when used as an adjuvant has a better effect on prevention of development of postoperative cough and sore throat.