bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Visual Localization of an Internal Inspection Robot for the Oil-Immersed Transformer
Authors: Feng Yingbin , Kou Yahui , Liu Yanju
Published: December 2023

Aiming at the problem that the robot is difficult to locate in the oil-immersed transformer, a visual positioning of the robot is proposed for internal inspection. First, in order to solve the problem of blur, distortion, and low contrast of the image obtained by the camera in the deteriorated and discolored transformer oil, an image enhancement algorithm based on multiscale fusion is developed to provide a reliable data source for robot localization. Then, the FAST key points are extracted and the BRIEF descriptors are calculated from the enhanced images, and the pose transformation of the robot between image frames is calculated by using polar constraint and EPnP method. A pose optimization model of the robot is designed to improve the positioning accuracy. Finally, to verify the effectiveness of the proposed methods, function tests are carried out by using the real continuous image sequence acquired by the robot in Mitsubishi transformer. The experimental results show that the trajectory of the robot in the transformer can be accurately drawn, the position data of the robot can be efficiently obtained, and autonomous positioning of the robot in the transformer can be well achieved.
Supplementary Table 2 from Pilot Phase II Trial of Neoadjuvant Immunotherapy in Locoregionally Advanced, Resectable Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck
Authors: Ferrarotto Renata , Amit Moran , Nagarajan Priyadharsini , Rubin M. Laura , Yuan Ying , Bell Diana , El-Naggar Adel K. , Johnson Jason M. , Morrison William H. , Rosenthal David I. , Glisson Bonnie S. , Johnson Faye M. , Lu Charles , Mott Frank E. , Esmaeli Bita , Diaz Eduardo M. , Gidley Paul W. , Goepfert Ryan P. , Lewis Carol M. , Weber Randal S. , Wargo Jennifer A. , Basu Sreyashi , Duan Fei , Yadav Shalini S. , Sharma Padmanee , Allison James P. , Myers Jeffrey N. , Gross Neil D.
Published: December 2023

This table lists the details of the surgical procedures performed on study patients.
Supplementary Figure 5 from Pilot Phase II Trial of Neoadjuvant Immunotherapy in Locoregionally Advanced, Resectable Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck
Authors: Ferrarotto Renata , Amit Moran , Nagarajan Priyadharsini , Rubin M. Laura , Yuan Ying , Bell Diana , El-Naggar Adel K. , Johnson Jason M. , Morrison William H. , Rosenthal David I. , Glisson Bonnie S. , Johnson Faye M. , Lu Charles , Mott Frank E. , Esmaeli Bita , Diaz Eduardo M. , Gidley Paul W. , Goepfert Ryan P. , Lewis Carol M. , Weber Randal S. , Wargo Jennifer A. , Basu Sreyashi , Duan Fei , Yadav Shalini S. , Sharma Padmanee , Allison James P. , Myers Jeffrey N. , Gross Neil D.
Published: December 2023

Association of changes in tumor immune microenvironment after cemiplimab treatment with pathological responses
Supplementary Figure 3 from Pilot Phase II Trial of Neoadjuvant Immunotherapy in Locoregionally Advanced, Resectable Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck
Authors: Ferrarotto Renata , Amit Moran , Nagarajan Priyadharsini , Rubin M. Laura , Yuan Ying , Bell Diana , El-Naggar Adel K. , Johnson Jason M. , Morrison William H. , Rosenthal David I. , Glisson Bonnie S. , Johnson Faye M. , Lu Charles , Mott Frank E. , Esmaeli Bita , Diaz Eduardo M. , Gidley Paul W. , Goepfert Ryan P. , Lewis Carol M. , Weber Randal S. , Wargo Jennifer A. , Basu Sreyashi , Duan Fei , Yadav Shalini S. , Sharma Padmanee , Allison James P. , Myers Jeffrey N. , Gross Neil D.
Published: December 2023

Study flow chart diagram
Supplementary Figure 4 from p53R245W Mutation Fuels Cancer Initiation and Metastases in NASH-driven Liver Tumorigenesis
Authors: Dibra Denada , Gagea Mihai , Qi Yuan , Chau Gilda P. , Su Xiaoping , Lozano Guillermina
Published: December 2023

Kaplan-Meier survival curves for animals with indicated genotypes
Supplementary Figure 3 from p53R245W Mutation Fuels Cancer Initiation and Metastases in NASH-driven Liver Tumorigenesis
Authors: Dibra Denada , Gagea Mihai , Qi Yuan , Chau Gilda P. , Su Xiaoping , Lozano Guillermina
Published: December 2023

The status of the WT p53 allele in 19 tumors with LP245/+ genotype
FIGURE 5 from p53R245W Mutation Fuels Cancer Initiation and Metastases in NASH-driven Liver Tumorigenesis
Authors: Dibra Denada , Gagea Mihai , Qi Yuan , Chau Gilda P. , Su Xiaoping , Lozano Guillermina
Published: December 2023

p53R245 GOF properties triple metastatic incidence in liver tumors when compared with Trp53 loss. A–C, Kaplan–Meier survival curves for animals with genotypes LP245/fl (N = 35), LPfl/fl (N = 33) with hepatocellular adenomas and carcinomas in all animals (A) or split by gender (B and C). D, Kaplan–Meier survival curves for animals (male) with indicated genotypes, with hepatocellular adenomas and carcinomas. E, Comparison of metastases incidence based on indicated genotypes, in all animals (left) or split by gender (middle and right). F, Representative H&E-stained sections of liver metastasis in the lung. Scale bars, 100 µm. G, qRT-PCR analysis for Cxcr4, and Fscn1, in liver tumors from LP245/fl (N = 8) or LPfl/fl (N = 10) mice. Each dot is an independent liver tumor. *, P < 0.05; ****, P < 0.0001.
FIGURE 4 from p53R245W Mutation Fuels Cancer Initiation and Metastases in NASH-driven Liver Tumorigenesis
Authors: Dibra Denada , Gagea Mihai , Qi Yuan , Chau Gilda P. , Su Xiaoping , Lozano Guillermina
Published: December 2023

p53R245W GOF properties increase carcinoma incidence and mixed HCC-CCA cancers. A, Quantification of animals from LPfl/fl (N = 17), LP245/fl (N = 11) with hyperplasia (left), adenoma (middle), and carcinomas (right) after 8.5 months on the diet. Quantification of animals from LPfl/fl (N = 17), LP245/fl (N = 11) with subtypes of hyperplasia (B) or adenomas (C) after 8.5 months on HFCD diet. HCA, hepatocellular adenoma: HCCA, hepatocholangial adenoma. D, Representative H&E-stained sections of liver tumors from mice with different pathologic subtypes such as oval cell hyperplasia (i), hepatocellular hyperplastic nodule (ii), hepatocellular adenoma (iii), and hepatocholangial adenoma (iv). Arrows point at bile ducts. E, Quantification of pathologic subtypes of liver carcinomas from LPfl/fl (N = 17), LP245/fl (N = 11) at 8.5 months on the diet. HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma; CCA, cholangiocarcinoma, HCC-CCA, hepatocholangial carcinomas. F, Representative H&E-stained sections of liver tumors from mice with different pathologic subtypes: hepatocellular carcinoma (i), cholangial carcinoma (ii), HCC-CCA (iii), and zoomed in HCC-CCA (iv). G, Immunofluorescence imaging of mutant p53 (red), KRT19 (green) and DAPI (blue) in liver tumors in a HCC-CCA tumor from LP245/fl cohort. N, normal tissue.
CanCHD Study of Hematopoietic Cancers in Children With and Without Genetic Syndromes
Authors: Hasan Mohammad Sazzad , Ganni Elie , Liu Aihua , Guo Liming , Mackie Andrew S. , Kaufman Jay S. , Marelli Ariane J.
Published: December 2023

Background

Individuals with genetic syndromes can manifest both congenital heart disease (CHD) and cancer attributable to possible common underlying pathways. To date, reliable risk estimates of hematopoietic cancer (HC) among children with CHD based on large population‐based data remain scant. This study sought to quantify the risk of HC by the presence of genetic syndrome among children with CHD.

Methods and Results

Data sources were the Canadian CHD database, a nationwide database on CHD (1999–2017), and the CCR (Canadian Cancer Registry). Standardized incidence ratios were calculated for comparing HC incidences in children with CHD with the general pediatric population. A modified Kaplan‐Meier curve was used to estimate the cumulative incidence of HC with death as a competing risk. A total of 143 794 children (aged 0–17 years) with CHD were followed up from birth to age 18 years for 1 314 603 person‐years. Of them, 8.6% had genetic syndromes, and 898 HC cases were observed. Children with known syndromes had a substantially higher risk of incident HC than the general pediatric population (standardized incidence ratio, 13.4 [95% CI, 11.7–15.1]). The cumulative incidence of HC was 2.44% (95% CI, 2.11–2.76) among children with a syndrome and 0.79% (95% CI, 0.72–0.87) among children without a syndrome. Acute myeloid leukemia had a higher cumulative incidence during early childhood than acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Conclusions

This is the first large population‐based analysis documenting that known genetic syndromes in children with CHD are a significant predictor of HC. The finding could be essential in informing risk‐stratified policy recommendations for cancer surveillance in children with CHD.
Development and Validation of a Bayesian Network‐Based Model for Predicting Coronary Heart Disease Risk From Electronic Health Records
Authors: Suo Xiaowen , Huang Xiaocheng , Zhong Lu , Luo Qingxin , Ding Lijie , Xue Fuzhong
Published: December 2023

Background

Traditional risk evaluation models have been applied to guide public health and clinical practice in various studies. However, the application of existing methods to data sets with missing and censored data, as is often the case in electronic health records, requires additional considerations. We aimed to develop and validate a predictive model that exhibits high performance with data sets that contain missing and censored data.

Methods and Results

This is a retrospective cohort study of coronary heart disease at Weihai Municipal Hospital on unique patients aged 18 to 96 years between 2013 and 2021. A total of 169 692 participants formed our study population, of which 10 895 participants were diagnosed with coronary heart disease. Models were built for the risk of coronary heart disease based on demographic, laboratory, and medical history variables. All complete samples were assigned to the training set (n=110 325), whereas the remaining samples were assigned to the validation set (n=59 367). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve value was 0.800 (95% CI, 0.794–0.805), and the C statistic was 0.796 (95% CI, 0.791–0.801) in the derivation cohort, and the corresponding values were 0.837 (95% CI, 0.821–0.853) and 0.838 (95% CI, 0.822–0.854) in the validation cohort. The calibration curve demonstrated its good calibration ability, and decision curve analysis showed its clinical usefulness.

Conclusions

Our proposed risk prediction model has demonstrated significant effectiveness in handling the complexities of electronic health record data, which often involve extensive missing data and censoring. This approach may offer potential assistance in the use of electronic health records to enhance patient outcomes.
Cardiovascular Toxicity of Angiogenesis Inhibitors Among Patients With Cancer in Taiwan: A Nested Case‐Control Study
Authors: Chen Yen‐Chou , Huang Chun‐Yao , Lien Li‐Ming , Chen Jin‐Hua , Hsieh Fang‐I
Published: December 2023

Background

Research on the cardiovascular toxicity of angiogenesis inhibitors among patients with cancer in Taiwan is lacking. This observational study explored the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) associated with angiogenesis inhibitors in Taiwan.

Methods and Results

We conducted a nested case‐control study using the TCR (Taiwan Cancer Registry) linked with the Taiwan National Insurance Claim Database. We matched every case with 4 controls using risk‐set sampling by index date, age, sex, cancer type, and cancer diagnosis date. Conditional logistic regression was used to evaluate the risks of MACEs and different cardiovascular events using propensity score adjustment or matching. Sensitivity analyses were used to evaluate the risks matched by cancer stages or exposure within 1 year. Among a cohort of 284 292 after the exclusion of prevalent cases, the incidences of MACEs among the overall cohort and those exposed to angiogenesis inhibitors were 22.5 and 32.5 events per 1000 person‐years, respectively. We matched 17 817 cases with 70 740 controls, with a mean age of 74.9 years, and 56.8% of patients were men. After propensity score adjustment, angiogenesis inhibitors were associated with increased risks of MACEs (odds ratio, 4.56; 95% CI, 1.78–11.59). Significantly increased risks were noted for heart failure hospitalization, myocardial infarction, cerebrovascular accident, and venous thromboembolism, but not for new‐onset atrial fibrillation. Similar results were observed after matching by cancer stage or restriction of 1‐year exposure.

Conclusions

Angiogenesis inhibitors were associated with increased risks of MACEs among patients with various malignancies in Taiwan but were not associated with new‐onset atrial fibrillation.
Effect of Asymptomatic Common Carotid Artery Dissection on the Prognosis of Patients With Acute Type A Aortic Dissection
Authors: Jia Songhao , Wang Maozhou , Liu Yuyong , Gong Ming , Jiang Wenjian , Zhang Hongjia
Published: December 2023

Background

Acute type A aortic dissection can extend upwards to involve the common carotid artery. However, whether asymptomatic common carotid artery dissection (CCAD) requires surgical repair remains controversial. This study aimed to explore the effect of asymptomatic CCAD without surgical intervention on the prognosis of patients who underwent surgery for acute type A aortic dissection.

Methods and Results

Between January 2015 and December 2017, 485 patients with no neurological symptoms who underwent surgery for acute type A aortic dissection were enrolled in this retrospective cohort study. The patients were divided into 2 groups based on the exposure factor of CCAD. CCAD was detected in 111 patients (22.9%), and after adjusting baseline data (standardized mean difference <0.1), the 30‐day mortality (17.1% versus 6.0%,
P
<0.001) and incidence of fatal stroke (7.7% versus 1.6%,
P
=0.001) were significantly higher in the group with CCAD. Univariable and multivariable Cox regression analyses found CCAD as an independent risk factor for 30‐day mortality (hazard ratio [HR], 2.8 [95% CI, 1.5–5.2];
P
=0.001). At a median follow‐up of 6.2 years (interquartile range, 5.6–6.9 years), landmark analysis with a cutoff value of 1 month postoperatively showed a significant increase in mortality in the group with CCAD, especially in the first month (log‐rank
P
=0.002) and no significant difference in survival after the first month postoperatively between the 2 groups (log‐rank
P
=0.955).

Conclusions

Asymptomatic CCAD increased the risk of early fatal stroke and death in patients with acute type A aortic dissection after surgery but did not affect midterm survival in patients who survived the early postoperative period.
Incidence and Long‐Term Outcomes of Acute Myocardial Infarction Among Survivors of Out‐of‐Hospital Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Ho Andrew Fu Wah , Zheng Huili , Ng Zi Hui Celeste , Pek Pin Pin , Ng Benny Jun Heng , Chin Yip Han , Lam Timothy Jia Rong , Østbye Truls , Tromp Jasper , Ong Marcus Eng Hock , Yeo Jun Wei , Arulanandam Shalini
Published: December 2023

Background

Despite the increasing long‐term survival after out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA), the risk of subsequent acute myocardial infarction (AMI) remains poorly understood. We aimed to determine the incidence, predictors, and long‐term outcomes of AMI among survivors of OHCA.

Methods and Results

We assembled a retrospective cohort of 882 patients with OHCA who survived to 30 days or discharge from the hospital between 2010 and 2019. Survivors of OHCA had an increased risk of subsequent AMI, defined as AMI occurring 30 days after index OHCA or following discharge from the hospital after OHCA, compared with the general population when matched for age and sex (standardized incidence ratio, 4.64 [95% CI, 3.52–6.01]). Age‐specific risks of subsequent AMI for men (standardized incidence ratio, 3.29 [95% CI, 2.39–4.42]) and women (standardized incidence ratio, 6.15 [95% CI, 3.27–10.52]) were significantly increased. A total of 7.2%, 8.3%, and 14.3% of survivors of OHCA had a subsequent AMI at 3 years, 5 years, and end of follow‐up, respectively. Age at OHCA (hazard ratio [HR], 1.04 [95% CI, 1.02–1.06]) and past medical history of prior AMI, defined as any AMI preceding or during the index OHCA event (HR, 1.84 [95% CI, 1.05–3.22]), were associated with subsequent AMI, while an initial shockable rhythm was not (HR, 1.00 [95% CI, 0.52–1.94]). Survivors of OHCA with subsequent AMI had a higher risk of death (HR, 1.58 [95% CI, 1.12–2.22]) than those without.

Conclusions

Survivors of OHCA are at an increased risk of subsequent AMI compared with the general population. Prior AMI, but not an initial shockable rhythm, increases this risk, while subsequent AMI predicts death. Preventive measures for AMI including cardiovascular risk factor control and revascularization may thus improve outcomes in selected patients with cardiac pathogenesis.
Prevalence of and Risk Factors for Peripheral Artery Disease in Rural South Africa: A Cross‐Sectional Analysis of the HAALSI Cohort
Authors: Beidelman Erika Teresa , Rosenberg Molly , Wade Alisha N. , Crowther Nigel J. , Kalbaugh Corey A.
Published: December 2023

Background

The burden of peripheral artery disease (PAD) is increasing in low‐ and middle‐income countries. Existing literature from sub‐Saharan Africa is limited and lacks population‐representative estimates. We estimated the burden and risk factor profile of PAD for a rural South African population.

Methods and Results

We used data from 1883 participants from a rural, low‐income cohort of South African adults aged 40 to 69 years with available ankle‐brachial index measurements. We defined clinical PAD as ankle‐brachial index ≤0.90 or >1.40, and borderline PAD as ankle‐brachial index >0.90 and ≤1.00. We compared the distribution of sociodemographic variables, biomarkers, and comorbidities across PAD classifications. To identify associated factors, we calculated unadjusted and age‐sex‐adjusted prevalence ratios (PRs) with log‐binomial models. Overall, 6.6% (95% CI, 5.6–7.7) of the sample met the diagnostic criteria for clinical PAD, while 44.7% (95% CI, 42.4–47.0) met the diagnostic criteria for borderline PAD. Age (PR: 1.9 [95% CI, 1.2–3.1] for ages 50–59 years compared with 40–49 years; PR: 2.5 [95% CI, 1.5–4.0] for ages 60–69 years compared with 40–49 years); diagnosed hypertension (PR: 1.53 [95% CI, 1.08–2.17]); and C‐reactive protein (PR: 1.08 [95% CI, 1.03–1.12]) were associated with increased prevalence of clinical PAD. All other examined factors were not significantly associated with clinical PAD.

Conclusions

We found high PAD prevalence for younger age groups compared with previous research and a lack of statistical evidence for the influence of traditional risk factors for this rural, low‐income population. Future research should focus on identifying the underlying risk factors for PAD in this setting. South African policymakers and clinicians should consider expanded screening for early PAD detection in rural areas.
Quantitative Flow Ratio to Predict Non–Target‐Vessel Events Before Planned Staged Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Bär Sarah , Kavaliauskaite Raminta , Otsuka Tatsuhiko , Ueki Yasushi , Häner Jonas , Lanz Jonas , Fürholz Monika , Praz Fabien , Hunziker Lukas , Siontis George CM , Pilgrim Thomas , Stortecky Stefan , Losdat Sylvain , Windecker Stephan , Räber Lorenz
Published: December 2023

Background

The optimal time point of staged percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) among patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) remains a matter of debate. Quantitative flow ratio (QFR) is a novel noninvasive method to assess the hemodynamic significance of coronary stenoses. We aimed to investigate whether QFR could refine the timing of staged PCI of non‐target vessels (non‐TVs) on top of clinical judgment for patients with ACS.

Methods and Results

For this cohort study, patients with ACS from Bern University Hospital, Switzerland, scheduled to undergo out‐of‐hospital non‐TV staged PCI were eligible. The primary end point was the composite of non‐TV myocardial infarction and urgent unplanned non‐TV PCI before planned staged PCI. The association between lowest QFR per patient measured in the non‐TV (from index angiogram) and the primary end point was assessed using multivariable adjusted Cox proportional hazards regressions with QFR included as linear or penalized spline (nonlinear) term.

QFR was measured in 1093 of 1432 patients with ACS scheduled to undergo non‐TV staged PCI. Median time to staged PCI was 28 days. The primary end point occurred in 5% of the patients. In multivariable analysis (1018 patients), there was no independent association between non‐TV QFR and the primary end point (hazard ratio, 0.87 [95% CI, 0.69–1.05] per 0.1 increase;
P
=0.125; nonlinear
P
=0.648).

Conclusions

In selected patients with ACS scheduled to undergo staged PCI at a median of 4 weeks after index PCI, QFR did not emerge as an independent predictor of non‐TV events before planned staged PCI. Thus, this study does not provide conceptual evidence that QFR is helpful to refine the timing of staged PCI on top of clinical judgment.

Registration

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT02241291.
Characteristics and Attitudes of Wearable Device Users and Nonusers in a Large Health Care System
Authors: Venn Rachael A. , Khurshid Shaan , Grayson Mia , Ashburner Jeffrey M. , Al‐Alusi Mostafa A. , Chang Yuchiao , Foulkes Andrea , Ellinor Patrick T. , McManus David D. , Singer Daniel E. , Atlas Steven J. , Lubitz Steven A.
Published: December 2023

Background

Consumer wearable devices with health and wellness features are increasingly common and may enhance disease detection and management. Yet studies informing relationships between wearable device use, attitudes toward device data, and comprehensive clinical profiles are lacking.

Methods and Results

WATCH‐IT (Wearable Activity Tracking for Comprehensive Healthcare‐Integrated Technology) studied adults receiving longitudinal primary or ambulatory cardiovascular care in the Mass General Brigham health care system from January 2010 to July 2021. Participants completed a 20‐question electronic survey about perceptions and use of consumer wearable devices, with responses linked to electronic health records. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with device use. Among 214 992 individuals receiving longitudinal primary or cardiovascular care with an active electronic portal, 11 121 responded (5.2%). Most respondents (55.8%) currently used a wearable device, and most nonusers (95.3%) would use a wearable if provided at no cost. Although most users (70.2%) had not shared device data with their doctor previously, most believed it would be very (20.4%) or moderately (34.4%) important to share device‐related health information with providers. In multivariable models, older age (odds ratio [OR], 0.80 per 10‐year increase [95% CI, 0.77–0.82]), male sex (OR, 0.87 [95% CI, 0.80–0.95]), and heart failure (OR, 0.75 [95% CI, 0.63–0.89]) were associated with lower odds of wearable device use, whereas higher median income (OR, 1.08 per 1‐quartile increase [95% CI, 1.04–1.12]) and care in a cardiovascular medicine clinic (OR, 1.17 [95% CI, 1.05–1.30]) were associated with greater odds of device use.

Conclusions

Among patients in primary and cardiovascular medicine clinics, consumer wearable device use is common, and most users perceive value in wearable health data.
Association of Atrial Fibrillation Progression With Left Atrial Functional Reserve and Its Reversibility
Authors: Hirose Kazutoshi , Nakanishi Koki , Daimon Masao , Iwama Kentaro , Yoshida Yuriko , Mukai Yasuhiro , Yamamoto Yuko , Nakao Tomoko , Oshima Tsukasa , Matsubara Takumi , Shimizu Yu , Oguri Gaku , Kojima Toshiya , Hasumi Eriko , Fujiu Katsuhito , Morita Hiroyuki , Komuro Issei
Published: December 2023

Background

Atrial fibrillation (AF) progression is closely related to heart failure occurrence, and catheter ablation carries a beneficial effect for heart failure prevention. Recently, particular attention has been given to left atrial (LA) function and functional reserve in the pathogenesis linking AF and heart failure, although its significance and reversibility is not well studied.

Methods and Results

We prospectively investigated 164 patients with AF with normal left ventricular systolic function and free from heart failure who underwent first catheter ablation and pre‐/postprocedural echocardiography. Conventional and speckle‐tracking echocardiography were performed at rest and during passive leg lifting to assess LA size, LA reservoir strain (LARS), and functional reserve calculated as passive leg lifting‐LARS – rest‐LARS. Patients were categorized into 3 AF subtypes: paroxysmal AF (N=95), persistent AF (PeAF; N=50), and long‐standing persistent AF (LS‐PeAF; N=19). The PeAF and LS‐PeAF groups had larger LA size and reduced LARS compared with the paroxysmal AF group (all
P
<0.05). LA functional reserve was significantly impaired in the LS‐PeAF group (
P
=0.003). In multivariable analysis, LS‐PeAF and advanced age were significantly associated with impaired LA functional reserve. Among 149 patients with sinus rhythm 1 to 2 days after catheter ablation, LARS was significantly improved in both PeAF and LS‐PeAF groups but was still lower than that in the paroxysmal AF group. Sinus rhythm restoration also led to amelioration of LA functional reserve in patients with LS‐PeAF.

Conclusions

AF progression was related to impaired LARS and LA functional reserve, and restoration of sinus rhythm might contribute to early LA reverse remodeling.
Process Evaluation of a Double‐Blind Randomized Controlled Trial to Assess the Efficacy and Safety of a Quadruple Ultra‐Low‐Dose Treatment for Hypertension Within a Federally Qualified Health Center Network (QUARTET USA)
Authors: Sanuade Olutobi A. , Jacobson Tyler A. , Quintana Adriana , Flowers Fallon M. , Abbasi Hiba , Vu My H. , Baldridge Abigail S. , Mejia Jairo , Lazar Danielle , Ciolino Jody D. , Huffman Mark D. , Kandula Namratha R.
Published: December 2023

Background

This convergent parallel‐design mixed‐methods process evaluation of the QUARTET USA (Quadruple Ultra‐Low‐Dose Treatment for Hypertension USA) clinical trial (NCT03640312) explores patient and health care professional perceptions about the use of low‐dose quadruple therapy (LDQT) as a novel strategy for hypertension management.

Methods and Results

A survey of all 62 patients enrolled in the QUARTET USA trial was conducted. A subsample of 13 patients and 11 health care professionals, recruited via purposive sampling, took part in semistructured interviews. At enrollment, 68% of participants (mean [SD] age, 51.7 [11.5] years; 56% self‐identified as Hispanic: Mexican ethnicity, 16% as Hispanic: other ethnicity, 16% as Black race, 8% as White race, and 1.6% as South Asian race) reported that their current health depended on blood pressure medications, and 48% were concerned about blood pressure medications. At trial completion, 80% were satisfied with LDQT, 96% were certain the benefits of taking LDQT outweighed the disadvantages, and 96% reported that LDQT was convenient to take. Both patients and health care professionals found LDQT acceptable because it reduced patients' perceived pill burden and facilitated medication adherence. Health care professionals stated that a perceived limitation of LDQT was the inability to titrate doses. Steps to facilitate LDQT implementation include introducing stepped‐care combinations and treatment protocols, inclusion in clinical practice guidelines, and eliminating patient cost barriers.

Conclusions

LDQT was an acceptable strategy for hypertension treatment among patients and health care professionals involved in the QUARTET USA clinical trial. Although LDQT was generally perceived as beneficial for maintaining patients' blood pressure control and facilitating adherence, some clinicians perceived limitations in titration inflexibility, adverse effects, and costs.

Registration

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT03640312.
Aortic Characteristic Impedance and Suspected Mild Cognitive Impairment in a Community‐Based Healthy Population
Authors: Liao Chao‐Feng , Chuang Shao‐Yuan , Cheng Hao‐Min , Lin Chen‐Hua , Chen Chen‐Huan
Published: December 2023

Background

Aging of the proximal aorta can lead to increased pressure and flow pulsatility in the cerebral microcirculation, which may cause cognitive impairment. This study investigated the association between aortic characteristic impedance (Zc), an indicator of regional stiffness of the proximal aorta, and suspected mild cognitive impairment (MCI), compared with carotid–femoral pulse wave velocity (CFPWV).

Methods and Results

A total of 1461 healthy community residents (46.4% men; age range, 35–96 years [mean±SD, 59.9±11.8 years]) without a history of cardiovascular events or stroke were included in the study. Zc was estimated using applanation tonometry and echocardiography. Cognitive function was assessed using the Mini‐Mental State Examination. Education‐adjusted cut points were used to define suspected MCI. Subjects with suspected MCI (n=493 [33.7%]) had significantly higher Zc and CFPWV than those without. In multivariable analysis, both Zc and CFPWV were inversely associated with Mini‐Mental State Examination score. Zc (odds ratio per 1 SD, 1.22 [95% CI, 1.09–1.37] and CFPWV (odds ratio per 1 SD, 1.18 [95% CI, 1.01–1.38]) was also significantly associated with suspected MCI, after adjusting for age, sex, education level, mean arterial pressure, hypertension, diabetes, low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, and smoking status. In joint analysis, Zc was significantly associated with suspected MCI, but CFPWV was not. In the age subgroups of <50 years and 50 to 70 years, only Zc was significantly associated with suspected MCI.

Conclusions

This study found that Zc was significantly associated with Mini‐Mental State Examination score and suspected MCI, especially in younger and middle‐aged adults. These findings suggest that Zc may be a useful biomarker for identifying individuals at risk for MCI.
High Amino Acid Intake in Early Life Is Associated With Systolic but Not Diastolic Arterial Hypertension at 5 Years of Age in Children Born Very Preterm
Authors: Rozé Jean‐Christophe , Bacchetta Justine , Lapillonne Alexandre , Boubred Farid , Picaud Jean‐Charles , Marchand‐Martin Laetitia , Bruel‐Tessoulin Alexandra , Harambat Jérome , Biran Valérie , Nuyt Anne‐Monique , Darmaun Dominique , Ancel Pierre‐Yves
Published: December 2023

Background

The life course of individuals born very premature is a topic of increasing concern. The association between high early amino acid intake and later high blood pressure (HBP) in preterm neonates is debated.

Methods and Results

In a national, prospective, population‐based birth cohort, EPIPAGE‐2 (Etude Epidémiologique sur Petits Ages Gestationnels), we assessed blood pressure at 5 years. Eligible infants were those born between 24 and 29 weeks of gestation. Infants were distributed in 2 groups of 717 infants matched on propensity score on whether or not they were exposed to high amino acid intake (>3.5 g/kg per day at day 7); 455 control term infants were also enrolled. A value ≥95th percentile of reference values for age and height defined systolic or diastolic HBP. Blood pressure at 5 years of age was assessed for 389 and 385 children in the exposed and nonexposed groups, respectively. Rates (in percent) of systolic and diastolic HBP were 18.0% (95% CI, 14.5%–22.2%
)
, 13.3% (95% CI, 10.3%–17.0%), 8.5% (95% CI, 6.5%–11.1%), and 9.0% (95% CI, 6.6%–12.3%), 10.2% (95% CI, 7.5%–13.6%), and 5.4% (95% CI, 3.8%–7.6%) in exposed, nonexposed, and term‐born groups, respectively. Exposure to high early amino acid intake and maximal serum creatinine (by 50 μmol/L) between day 3 and day 7 were 2 independent risk factors for systolic HBP (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.60 [95% CI, 1.05–2.43] and aOR, 1.59 [95% CI, 1.12–2.26], respectively) but not for diastolic HBP (aOR, 0.84 [95% CI, 0.50–1.39] and aOR, 1.09 [95% CI, 0.71–1.67], respectively). After adjustment for 5‐year weight
Z
score, the aOR between high early amino acid intake and systolic HBP was 1.50 [95% CI, 0.98–2.30].

Conclusions

These results suggest that mechanisms of childhood systolic HBP involve neonatal renal challenge by high amino acid intake or dysfunction.
Effects of Continuous Accelerated Pacing on Cardiac Structure and Function in Patients With Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction: Insights From the myPACE Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Wahlberg Kramer J. , Infeld Margaret , Plante Timothy B. , Novelli Alexandra E. , Habel Nicole , Burkhoff Daniel , Barrett Trace , Lustgarten Daniel , Meyer Markus
Published: December 2023

Background

Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction ≥50% is prevalent with few evidence‐based therapies. In a trial of patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction with specialized pacemakers, treatment with accelerated personalized pacing averaging 75 bpm (myPACE) markedly improved quality of life, NT‐proBNP (N‐terminal pro–brain natriuretic peptide), physical activity, and atrial fibrillation burden compared with the standard lower rate setting of 60 bpm (usual care).

Methods and Results

In this exploratory study, provider‐initiated echocardiographic studies obtained before and after the trial were assessed for changes in left ventricular (LV) structure and function among participants who continued their pacing assignment. The analytic approach aimed to detect differences in standard and advanced echocardiographic parameters within and between study arms. Of the 100 participants, 16 myPACE and 20 usual care arm had a qualifying set of echocardiograms performed a mean (SD) 3 (2.0) years apart. Despite similar baseline echocardiogram measures, sustained exposure to moderately accelerated pacing resulted in reduced septal wall thickness (in cm: myPACE 1.1 [0.2] versus usual care 1.2 [0.2],
P
=0.008) and lower LV mass to systolic volume ratio (in g/mL: myPACE 4.8 [1.9] versus usual care 6.8 [3.1],
P
=0.038) accompanied by a minor reduction in LV ejection fraction (in %: myPACE 55 [5] versus usual care 60 [5],
P
=0.015). These changes were paralleled by improvements in heart failure‐related quality of life (myPACE Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire improved by 16.1 [13.9] points, whereas usual care worsened by 6.9 [11.6] points,
P
<0.001). Markers of diastolic function and LV performance were not affected.

Conclusions

Exposure to continuous accelerated pacing in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction is associated with a reduced LV wall thickness and a small amount of LV dilation with small reduction in ejection fraction.
The first Early Cretaceous representative of the fly family Tipulidae from the lower Barremian dysodiles of Lebanon (Diptera)
Authors: AZAR DANY , NEL ANDRÉ
Published: December 2023

Leptotarsus reyi sp. nov., first representative of the family Tipulidae from the Lower Cretaceous of Lebanon, is characterised, described and illustrated from the Early Barremian dysodile of Jdeidet Bkassine, South Lebanon.
A new genus of japygids (Diplura: Japygidae) in mid-Cretaceous amber from northern Myanmar
Authors: WANG YE-HAO , HUANG DI-YING , CAI CHEN-YANG
Published: December 2023

Diplura is a cryptic and edaphic group of hexapod animals characterized by the presence of filiform or pincer-like cerci located at the end of the abdomen. As one of the early diverging lineages of Hexapoda, diplurans play a crucial role in unraveling the origin of the hyperdiverse insects. The fossil record of diplurans, however, is exceptionally limited due to their delicate bodies and habitat requirements. Here we report the discovery of a new japygid, Cretojapyx huangi gen. et sp. nov., entombed in mid-Cretaceous Kachin amber (northern Myanmar). This specimen exhibits distinctive features, including the well-developed carinae on abdominal segment X and cerci, left cercus lacking a prominent tooth and denticles, and right cercus with a postmedian tooth followed by uniseriate round denticles. Our finding provides a unique opportunity to gain valuable insights into the evolutionary history of this ancient lineage and deepen our understanding of terrestrial ecosystems during the Mesozoic.
New material of Euroleptochromus tuberculatus Yin & Cai (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Scydmaeninae) in Eocene Baltic amber
Authors: CHEN XIN-HUI , YIN ZI-WEI
Published: December 2023

The extinct members of the ant-like stone beetle supertribe Mastigitae are among the best studied groups of all fossil Scydmaeninae, and their evolutionary history can be traced from the latest Albian to the earliest Cenomanian through Miocene/Oligocene, with seven extinct genera being described (summarized in Jałoszyński, 2016; Jałoszyński & Perkovsky, 2016; Jałoszyński et al., 2018; Ross, 2019–2022 (list of Burmese amber taxa)).
New Triassic Hylicellidae from northern China (Hemiptera, Cicadomorpha)
Authors: FU YAN-ZHE , HUANG DI-YING
Published: December 2023

A new genus and species of the extinct cicadomorphan family Hylicellidae, Vetusala maculata gen. et sp. nov., is described and illustrated based on a forewing specimen from the Middle-Upper Triassic Yanchang Formation of northern China. The new discovery represents the earliest and the first definite Triassic member of Hylicellidae in China, further shedding light on the diversity of cicadomorphan insects in the Tongchuan entomofauna.
New stem-anisopteran dragonflies in the Jurassic of China (Odonata: Epiproctophora)
Authors: HUANG DI-YING , XU MIN-MIN , ZHAO QIAN , GAO JIAN , NEL ANDRÉ
Published: December 2023

The odonatan asiopterid Turanopteron sinensis sp. nov. and the juragomphid Oxfordgomphus trescellulae gen. et sp. nov. are described on the basis of two new fossil wings from the Middle-Upper Jurassic of Henan Province in China. These taxa belong to ‘ancient’, Toarcian epiproctophoran stem groups of Anisoptera Selys, 1854. They show important affinities with taxa from the Karatau entomofauna in Kazakhstan. These groups progressively decrease and were replaced by more ‘modern’ clades of Anisoptera during the Late Jurassic.
Early Detection of Carcinoembryonic Antigen Using Hollow Nanospheres Improves the Outcome of Pediatric Solid Tumors
Authors: Hu Jiansheng , Sun Danli , Feng Qinhui , Wei Liang , Liu Wucai
Published: December 2023

A sandwich electrochemical immunosensor was developed for sensitive detection of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) using hollow nanospheres composite material loaded with gold nanoparticles as the signal tag and gold triangular nanoplate as the substrate material. Samples obtained from
pediatric solid tumor tissue and their blood samples were used to detect CEA using this nanoparticle. The hollow nanospheres constructed in this study, provided abundant reaction sites and high catalytic activity, while the loading of Au NPs enhances conductivity and biocompatibility. The
immunosensor has good analytical ability in detecting CEA in the mass concentration range of 1 pg/mL to 50 ng/mL, with a low detection limit (LOD) of 0.37 pg/mL. This novel method provides a valuable tool for rapid clinical detection of CEA in the context of pediatric solid tumors.
LncRNA SBF2 Antisense RNA 1 Accelerates the Progression of Colon Cancer via PI3K/Akt/mTOR Signaling Pathway by Targeting miR-506-3p/ZEB1 Axis
Authors: Yang Fei , Tao Min
Published: December 2023

Colon cancer is a severe digestive system malignant tumor. It is particularly urgent to make a thorough inquiry into colon cancer. The role of lncRNA SBF2 Antisense RNA 1 (SBF2-AS1) in the progression of this disease was explored. RT-PCR was undertaken to detect lncRNA SBF2-AS1 expression,
miR-506-3p, and ZEB1 in normal HIEC, HCT116, LoVo, SW480, and SW620 cells. Sh-SBF2-AS1, miR-506-3p mimic, ZEB1 inhibitor, and controls were transfected. Proliferation was verified by CCK-8 assay. Invasion and migration ability were monitored via wound healing and Transwell assay. The colon
cancer model was established to research the role of lncRNA SBF2-AS1 in vivo. LncRNA SBF2-AS1 was with high level in colon cancer samples, and the survival rate was positively related to SBF2-AS1 level of patients. Down-expressed SBF2-AS1 decreased the development of colon cells. Furthermore,
we predicted SBF2-AS1 targeted binding to miR-506-3p and proved that the downstream gene was ZEB1 by the bioinformatic and experimental means. In addition, we observed that the tumor-accelerate effects of SBF2-AS1 in colon cancer were mediated by PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. Finally, we referred
that sh-SBF2-AS1 effectively inhibits the development of colon cancer in vivo. LncRNA SBF2-AS1 has involved the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway of colon cancer via regulating the miR-506-3p/ZEB1 axis.
JAM-A-Modified ADSCs-Derived Exosomes Encapsulating miRNA Promote Wound Healing by Mediating Fibroblast Function
Authors: Xie Yongfeng , Hu Yingnan , Zhang Wei
Published: December 2023

This study investigates the role of JAM-A-modified adipose-derived stem cell (ADSC)-derived exosomes encapsulating miRNAs in promoting wound healing by mediating fibroblast function. The effects of JAM-A-modified exosomes (JAMA-Exos) containing miR-21-3p, miR-152-3p, and miR-486-5p
were examined on fibroblast migration, proliferation, and collagen expression in vitro. Scalded skin mouse models were used to assess the impact of these miRNA-encapsulated exosomes on skin healing. JAM-A-Exos modified by these miRNAs enhanced fibroblast migration, proliferation, and
collagen production in vitro, with miR-21-3p having the most significant effect. In vivo, treatment with JAM-A-Exos containing these miRNAs greatly improved wound healing, reduced apoptosis, and increased collagen synthesis in the injured skin. MiR-21-3p showed the strongest
promoting effect, and its impact gradually decreased after day 7 of treatment. These findings suggest that JAM-A-Exos modified with miR-21-3p, miR-152-3p, and miR-486-5p can effectively enhance wound healing by mediating fibroblast function and up-regulating collagen expression, offering a
potential therapeutic option for skin wounds in clinical practice.
Ring Finger Protein 38 Induces Colorectal Cancer Proliferation by Activating the Phosphatidyl- Inositol 3-Kinase/Serine-Threonine Kinase Signaling
Authors: Zhou Junde , Qiao Meng , Zhao Haiyan , Lu Nannan , Lv Xinxin , Wang Xin , Li Jing , Ke Lixia
Published: December 2023

Previous studies have identified that ring finger protein 38 (RNF38) induces proliferative potential in many types of tumors. However, its functions in colorectal cancer (CRC) are unclear. This study aims to elucidate the regulatory effects of RNF38 on CRC proliferation in vitro
and in vivo. Expression pattern and prognostic potential of RNF38 in clinically collected CRC cases were analyzed. After intervening RNF38 levels in SW480 and HT29 cells, viability, cell cycle progression and apoptosis were examined. Subsequently, we generated RNF38 overexpressed transgenic
mice and xenograft model in nude mice. in vivo regulation of RNF38 on CRC proliferation was assessed. RNF38 was upregulated in CRC tissues. Overexpression of RNF38 stimulated proliferative ability and inhibited apoptosis in CRC cells. In addition, in vivo overexpression of RNF38
triggered tumor growth of CRC in nude mice. Silence of RNF38 markedly suppressed in vivo proliferation of CRC and induced apoptosis by activating the PI3K/AKT signaling.
Quercetin Inhibits Proliferation and Migration via miR-301b-3p/Phosphatase and Tensin Homolog Axis Regulation in Laryngocarcinoma Cells
Authors: Zhang Jie , Sheng Zhihui , Zhang Hao , Qi Wenwen , Jia Tao
Published: December 2023

In this study, we investigated the role of miR-301b-3p in promoting tumor cell proliferation and metastasis and explored the anti-cancer effects of quercetin in laryngocarcinoma cells. Through Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) annotation analyses,
we examined the effects of miR-301b-3p and PTEN on potential target genes. We measured laryngocarcinoma cell activity and apoptosis using CCK8 and flow cytometry, respectively, and assessed migration and invasion through transwell assay. qRT-PCR was used to determine the levels of miR-301b-3p
and PTEN in laryngocarcinoma cells. Luciferase activity and western blot assays were employed to study the interaction between miR-301b-3p and PTEN. We found that miR-301b-3p was associated with various types of cancer, and pathways related to miR-301b-3p overlapped with those of PTEN. Quercetin
effectively inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of laryngocarcinoma cells, but these effects were reversed by miR-301b-3p overexpression. The level of miR-301b-3p was significantly increased in laryngocarcinoma cells, leading to down-regulation of PTEN protein and enhanced
tumor cell activity. However, restoring PTEN alleviated the malignant growth caused by miR-301b-3p overexpression. Ultimately, quercetin exerted its inhibitory effects on proliferation, migration, and invasion by regulating the miR-301b-3p/PTEN axis in laryngocarcinoma cells. These findings
highlight the potential of quercetin as a promising treatment option for laryngocarcinoma.
Ferristatin II Inhibits Ferroptosis by Regulating the Bone Morphogenetic Protein 6/SMAD Signaling Pathway in HepG2 Cells
Authors: Hong Yiyu , Xu Zhaozhong , Zheng Yantao , Liu Jing , Huang Zhenhui , Chen Jiasong , Zhang Yao , Liu Bin
Published: December 2023

The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effect of Ferristatin II (Fer II) on ferric ammonium citrate (FAC)-induced ferroptosis and explore its mechanism by performing experiments in vitro. The cell viability of Fer II in the treatment of FAC-induced ferroptosis
was investigated by MTT, measuring the concentrations of Fe2+ and MDA and the activity of CSH-PX. We further measured the protein expression of hepcidin (Hepc), TfR1, BMP6, p-Smad1 and p-Smad5 using Western blotting. The gene expression level of Hepc was significantly increased
and the protein expression levels of p-SMAD1 and p-SMAD5 were also significantly up-regulated after the coordinated intervention of Fer II and BMP. The results showed that cell viability was increased after treatment with Fer II. The concentrations of Fe2+ and MDA revealed that
Fer II decreased hepatocyte ferroptosis induced by FAC. The Western blot results also showed that Fer II up-regulated the protein expression of Hepc and down-regulated protein expression of TfR1, BMP6, p-Smad1 and p-Smad5. Further results showed that Fer II and BMP6 synergistically promoted
Hepc secretion and up-regulated the protein expression levels of Smad1 and p-Smad5. Fer II alleviated FAC-induced ferroptosis in HepG2 cells by regulating the BMP6/SMAD pathway, suggesting a new therapeutic approach for hepatocyte protection.