bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Сonversational analysis of everyday speech: The Russian, French and English languages
Authors: Sedykh Arkadiy Petrovich , Akimova Elvira Nikolajevna , Zhukova Arina Gennadievna
Published: January 2025

The aim of the study is to identify the characteristics of the current state of the corpus of conversational analysis methods by examining, on the basis of video texts in different European languages, how conversation analysis articulates verbal and non-verbal data, discourse formats and social categories of interactants, taking into account the systematicity and variability of multimodal formats of communicative steps. The scientific novelty of the work consists in constructing a universal linguo-semiological model for describing everyday discourse in order to clarify the conceptual apparatus and more clearly semantic structuring of the terminology of linguistics and conversation analysis, as well as the theory of language and communication theory. The key point of the study is the attitude to language as an open, actively developing system of conversational supports and guidelines used to achieve the goals of interaction with other individuals, which cannot be interpreted without involving non-verbal communication resources. The multimodal method of processing information at the junction of linguistics and converse analysis in the mainstream of the interpretative-semiological approach is also important. The data obtained make it possible to identify a number of important mechanisms of linguosemiotic interaction between speech subjects, necessary for constructing an adequate communication model associated with the activation of the dynamics of the polyfunctional parameters of the speech act, on the paths of creating a new metadiscourse axiology both in theory and in practice not only of linguosemiotics of converse analysis, but also of general linguistics.
The image of the miser in Wu Jingzi's novel "The Scholars"
Authors: Khatniuk Artem Vadymovych
Published: January 2025

The aim of this research is to identify the specific characteristics of the creation of the miserly character in Wu Jingzi's novel through an examination of potential associations with works of European and Russian literature. The article analyzes several characters in the novel who embody the image of a miser and establishes associative links at the motif level with classic European and Russian literary works. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the fact that it is the first to examine the figurative system of the novel "The Scholars" from the perspective of typification. The study found that the archetype of the miser in the novel is formed from the images of officials who have obtained academic degrees and found themselves in a position of "masters of life." The motifs of usury, irrational accumulation, selling one's conscience, and the unlimited power of money, which form the basis of the analyzed images, can be traced in the works of W. Shakespeare, A. Pushkin, O. de Balzac, and N. Gogol, allowing for the construction of reader associations of cross-meanings.
Speaking of mechanism responsible for a composite material microstructure formation under welding of heterogeneous components in a friction with stirring mode
Authors: Shlyapin Anatolyi , Ovchinnikov Viktor , Uchevatkina Nadezhda
Published: January 2025

The problem of joint formation under friction treatment of composite materials based on immiscible components is viewed. The role of adiabatic shear bands (AShB) in the interaction with the elements forming the composite material is shown. The effects of migration of heavy low-melting components compared to adiabatic shear bands at speeds much higher than the speeds of traditional diffusion are described, making possible to take a fresh look at the possibilities of the effect of friction welding with stirring not only as an effective welding method, but also as the basis for an alternative technology for the production of alloys for immiscible components in bulk samples. It was found that the temperature in the stirring zone was high enough for intensive formation of solid solutions and intermetallic phases. The structure of such particles was formed under the influence of heating and intense plastic deformation under the conditions of the possible implementation of two mechanisms of component migration – diffusion and migration ones along AShB, reproduced with each rotation of the tool. An increase in the lead content in the composite material from 5 to 44 % led to a decrease in the coefficient of friction from 0,28 to 0,13. The main reduction in the coefficient of friction of the composite material of the Al – Pb system is achieved in the range of lead content of 0…30 wt. %. The development of the alternative technology for the production of special–purpose composite materials (CM) discussed above provides for two interrelated directions - expanding the range of new functional CM using the unique capabilities of FSW technology and clarifying the mechanism of structural and phase transformations underlying this technology. In particular, it is obvious that the mechanism and kinetics of AShB formation and their role in the formation of the microstructure and properties of composites need additional research.
XIX. Yüzyılda Seyyahların Gözüyle Türkistan’daki Hastalıklar ve Tedavi Yöntemleri
Authors: Türkmen İlker , Köken Arif Hudai
Published: January 2025

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı yüzyıllar boyunca çeşitli Türk boylarına ev sahipliği yapan Türkistan coğrafyasında XIX. yüzyılda görülen hastalıkların ve tedavi yöntemlerinin seyyahların gözüyle nasıl görüldüğü ve değerlendirildiğini ortaya çıkarmaktır. Böylece yabancıların gözüyle Türkistan’ın döneme ait tıp ve sağlıkla ilgili durumu değerlendirilecektir.
Yöntem: Çalışma literatür taraması ve değerlendirilmesi şeklinde tasarlanmıştır. Araştırma kapsamında bölgeye seyahat eden Batılı seyyahların seyahat notları ve konuyla ilgili ikincil kaynaklar incelenmiştir. Öncelikle birincil kaynaklar olan seyahatnamelerin basılı nüshalarına ulaşılmış, yabancı dilde olanların ilgili bölümleri Türkçeye çevrilmiştir. İkincil kaynaklar olarak fiziksel ve elektronik belgeler toplanmıştır. Zaman, mekân ve insan üçgeninde ele alınan konu kaynakların objektif bakış açısı ile değerlendirilmiştir.
Bulgular: Seyyahların gözüyle Türkistan’da döneme özgü olarak hastalıklar ve tedavi yöntemlerine dair bilgilere ulaşılmıştır. Bölge insanının uygulamalarını hangi metotlarla yaptığı, tedavi için neleri kullandığı, hangi bitkilerden şifa elde ettiği, salgın hastalıklarla mücadelenin nasıl yapıldığı sistematize edilmiş ve tartışılmıştır.
Sonuç: Bilimsel açıdan geri kalan Türkistan coğrafyasında XIX. yüzyıla gelindiğinde halk sağlığını etkileyen hastalıklarla mücadele olumsuz sonuçlarla kendini göstermiştir. Bölgeye giden seyyahların notlarına göre Türkistan’da kadercilik hakimdi. İyileşmek için dini ritüellerin yapılması gerekiyordu. Bunun yanında tıbbi uygulamalar sınırlı olup geleneksel tedavi yöntemleriyle birlikte, bitkisel/bitkisel olmayan ilaçlar şifa elde etmek için kullanıldığı anlaşılmaktadır.
Türkiye’de Hemşirelerin Akılcı İlaç Kullanımı İle İlgili 2010-2024 Yılları Arasında Yapılmış Çalışmaların İncelenmesi
Authors: Yurtsever Sencer , Tiftik R. Nalan
Published: January 2025

Amaç: İlaçların yanlış ve gereksiz kullanımı, antibiyotik direnci ve ilaca bağlı morbidite gibi halk sağlığını tehdit eden sorunlar yaratmaktadır. Dünya Sağlık Örgütü'nün akılcı ilaç kullanımı (AİK) ilkeleri bu duruma karşı en önemli önlemlerdendir. Bu çalışmada ülkemizde hemşirelerin akılcı ilaç kullanımına yönelik bilgi, tutum ve davranışlarını değerlendiren çalışmaların incelenmesi amaçlandı.
Yöntem: Google akademik, mkutup.gov.tr ve Researchgate veri tabanları ‘’hemşire’’ ve ‘’akılcı ilaç’’ anahtar sözcükleri için araştırıldı. 2010-2024 yılları arasında Türkiye’de Ulakbim ve diğer indekslerde taranan hakemli bilimsel dergilerde yayınlanan çalışmalar bulundu. Dahil edilme kriterlerine uyan çalışmalar incelenerek hemşirelerin AİK ile ilgili bilgi düzeyleri değerlendirildi.
Bulgular: Belirlenen zaman aralığında ulaşılan 10 makaleden kriterleri sağladığı belirlenen 8 çalışma değerlendirildi. İçerdiği verilerde büyük eksiklikler olan 4 makale çalışmadan dışlanarak kalan 4 makale değerlendirildi. Toplam katılımcı sayısı 837 idi. En sık karşılaşılan ilaç hataları, ilacın yanlış zamanda uygulanması (%57) ve dozun atlanmasıydı (%49). Katılımcıların %62,9'u ilaçların kullanım amacını iyi bildiğini, %10,8'i ilaçların etki süresi hakkında bilgisinin çok iyi olduğunu belirtti. İlaçların kontrendikasyonları, yan etkileri ve ilaç/besin etkileşimleri gibi konularda bilgi eksikliği belirgin olarak öne çıktı.
Sonuç: Türkiye’de hemşirelerin AİK konusunda bilgi düzeyleri genel olarak yeterli görülmekle birlikte, ilaç etkileşimleri ve özel durumlar (pediatrik ve gebelik) konusunda bilgi eksiklikleri mevcuttur. Bu durum, hemşirelerin AİK eğitimi alarak bilgi düzeylerinin arttırılmasına yönelik girişimlerin önemini ortaya koymaktadır. Bununla birlikte ülkemizde AİK ile ilgili çalışmaların oldukça kısıtlı sayıda olduğu ve bu alanda daha fazla araştırmaya ihtiyaç duyulduğu değerlendirilmektedir.
Avicenna’s Dental Anatomy: Bridging Ancient Insights with Modern Knowledge
Authors: Karip Burak , Topçu İbrahim , Ayhün Hatice Sena
Published: January 2025

Objective: This study examines Avicenna’s knowledge of dental anatomy and compares it with modern dental anatomy. The aim is to identify similarities and differences between ancient and contemporary understandings of dental structure.
Materials and Methods: The original Arabic text of Canon of Medicine (القانون في الطب) and its English translation (1973, AMS Press) were used. Additionally, the Turkish translation of Tahbiz al-Mathun, a commentary on Canon by Tokadī Mustafa Efendi, was referenced. The dental anatomy sections from the first book and the basic anatomy of the mouth and tongue from the third book were analyzed, translated, and compared across the Arabic, English, and Turkish versions.
Results: Despite some differences, Avicenna’s dental and oral anatomy descriptions largely align with modern knowledge. The sutures and structures of the jaw bones are similar, and Avicenna notes that teeth can sense temperature, a concept consistent with the contemporary understanding of dental nerves. However, his descriptions of the nerves and their functions do not fully match current anatomical knowledge. The arteries and veins of the mouth, as described by Avicenna, generally align with today’s anatomical understanding.
Conclusion: The study reveals both agreement and discrepancies between Avicenna's dental anatomy and modern knowledge. While his insights into specific structures and functions are accurate, his explanations of nerve pathways and muscle anatomy require further clarification. This work emphasizes the importance of integrating ancient medical knowledge with modern scientific understanding, providing a foundation for future research in the history of medicine.
Desarrollo de nuevos métodos para la caracterización y gestión del patrimonio forestal mediante teledetección
Authors: Alonso Laura , Picos Juan , Armesto Julia
Published: January 2025

En la presente tesis doctoral se aborda la utilización de diferentes combinaciones de sensores de teledetección para monitorizar y gestionar los bosques en sistemas forestales dominados por minifundismo y continuamente sujetos a perturbaciones (cortas e incendios). En particular: imágenes Sentinel-2, imágenes WorldView-3, ALS (LiDAR aerotransportado), UAV-LiDAR, TLS (LiDAR terrestre) y PLS (LiDAR portable). En primer lugar, se desarrolla una metodología para generar un mapa de recursos forestales a escala de paisaje eficiente en monitorizar este tipo de sistemas forestales. Así mismo, se identifican procedimientos para incorporar a este mapa las perturbaciones y la identificación de su naturaleza (cortas o incendios forestales). Además, se desarrollan métodos para conocer automáticamente a escala paisaje y de rodal la distribución de diferentes especies características de estos sistemas forestales y caracterizar árboles individuales (especies de los géneros Pinus y Eucalyptus y dos tipologías de bosques de Castanea sativa). Finalmente se demuestra los mapas de usos del suelo se utilizan como herramienta base (entre otras) para: comprender el desarrollo de grandes incendios forestales, identificar áreas relevantes para implementar medidas preventivas y desarrollar mapas de modelos de combustible en paisajes atlánticos. El desarrollo de estas metodologías permitirá mejorar la gestión forestal en regiones dominadas por estos tipos de sistemas forestales (ej. Galicia).
Modelo combinado de idoneidad del hábitat basado en procesos para evaluar el hábitat y el potencial de virulencia de Phytophthora cinnamomi en los ecosistemas forestales mediterráneos
Authors: Cidre González Adrián , González-Moreno Pablo , Ruiz Gómez Francisco José
Published: January 2025

Los ecosistemas de encinas y castaños están amenazados por factores abióticos y bióticos, especialmente el patógeno Phytophthora cinnamomi, cuya distribución es difícil de predecir debido a la detección tardía de sus síntomas. Este estudio investiga la distribución e idoneidad del hábitat de P. cinnamomi en Francia, Italia, Portugal y España, utilizando 527 registros de presencia. Se aplicaron modelos correlativos y basados en procesos para evaluar la influencia de variables ambientales, incluyendo factores climáticos y edáficos.
Los resultados mostraron que la presencia de P. cinnamomi está limitada principalmente por los niveles de pH, CaCO3 y Nitrógeno. El modelo de riesgo de crecimiento indicó que la distribución del patógeno aumentará con el incremento de temperaturas. Sin embargo, la supervivencia durante el verano podría limitar su presencia en algunas áreas de la Península Ibérica a largo plazo, especialmente bajo escenarios de altas emisiones (SSP585).
Se proyectaron distribuciones futuras bajo dos escenarios de emisiones: bajas (SSP126) y altas (SSP585). Los hallazgos subrayan la importancia de considerar múltiples factores para comprender la distribución y el impacto potencial de P. cinnamomi. A medida que las temperaturas aumentan, se espera un incremento en el riesgo de crecimiento del patógeno en ciertas regiones, aunque su supervivencia en verano disminuiría en esas mismas áreas, destacando la complejidad y dinámica de su distribución.
¿Claras por lo alto con selección de árboles del porvenir en montes bajos de Quercus mediterráneos?
Authors: Dopazo Carlos
Published: January 2025

Los montes bajos de Quercus ilex L, Quercus faginea Lam. y Quercus pyrenaica Willd. han tenido en el pasado un uso tradicional para la obtención de leñas y carbón, así como para pastoreo. Tras la reducción drástica de su aprovechamiento, iniciada hace varias décadas, se ha incrementado su espesura y la competencia entre los pies; la regeneración por brote o semilla es muy limitada y en algunas ocasiones existe decaimiento. Los tratamientos de resalveo con cortas por lo bajo ha sido la opción recomendada para mejorar la situación de estas masas a través de la selvicultura. Otros tipos de cortas que podrían ser de interés, como son las claras por lo alto con selección de árboles del porvenir, únicamente han sido realizadas en estas especies en algunos casos muy puntuales y con objetivos específicos. Se hace una revisión de las publicaciones realizadas sobre el tema donde se constata esta situación. Las evidencias disponibles sobre claras por lo alto con selección de árboles del porvenir muestran posibles ventajas desde el punto de vista de la sostenibilidad y adaptación al cambio climático, como pueden ser: el desarrollo de pies con más vigor; una más temprana y mayor producción de bellota; el fomento de estructuras más heterogéneas y productos leñosos de mayores dimensiones. Combinadas con otros tipos de clara también permiten una reducción de los riesgos relacionados con los incendios forestales. Se sugieren temas de investigación para disponer de información científica sobre el efecto de este tipo de claras en montes bajos de Quercus mediterráneos.
Plantando Cara al Fuego: Técnicas de gestión y educativas para prevención de daños ecosistémicos por incendios forestales en la provincia de Albacete
Authors: Cobo Sánchez Beatriz , Fajardo Cantos Álvaro , Moya Navarro Daniel
Published: January 2025

El problema de los incendios forestales en la Cuenca Mediterránea se ha agravado considerablemente en los últimos años, llegando a estar algunos de ellos fuera de la capacidad de extinción. Ante este preocupante panorama, es imprescindible gestionar la vulnerabilidad y resiliencia de nuestros paisajes, mediante la prevención, ya sea acondicionando la masa vegetal como concienciando a la sociedad sobre este tipo de perturbaciones.
Este Trabajo Fin de Grado aborda dos líneas de prevención de incendios, desarrollando dos investigaciones distintas: (1) relativa a la validación del uso del fuego sin impacto negativo sobre el ecosistema, mediante un seguimiento de variables ecológicas en parcelas donde se efectuaron quemas prescritas dos años atrás, demostrando que la zona se recupera rápidamente debido a la baja intensidad del fuego, por lo que no causa daños graves e irreversibles y (2) diseño y puesta en marcha del proyecto de innovación educativa llamado Plantando Cara al Fuego, basado en la estrategia didáctica Aprendizaje-Servicio (ApS de aquí en adelante), con la cual involucramos a la sociedad en este problema y la hacemos partícipe, trasladándole la problemática de los incendios forestales, mediante la transferencia de conocimientos científicos-técnicos y valores cívicos sobre los mismos a tres niveles educativos diferentes y, posteriormente, evaluamos el impacto del proyecto sobre los estudiantes involucrados, midiendo cómo evoluciona su grado de conocimiento sobre incendios forestales antes y después de su participación en el mismo.
Palabras clave: concienciación ciudadana, ecología del fuego, efectos ecológicos, grado de conocimiento, proyecto Aprendizaje-Servicio, quemas prescritas.
Sustainable Urban Innovation and Resilience: Artificial Intelligence and q-Rung Orthopair Fuzzy ExpoLogarithmic Framework
Authors:   Department of Science and Humanities (Mathematics), University College of Engineering Nagercoil, Anna University, Tamilnadu, India, Petchimuthu Subramanian , Palpandi Balakrishnan ,   Department of Mathematics, University College of Engineering, Bharathidasan Institute of Technology Campus, Anna University, Tamilnadu, India, Pandy Pirabaharan ,   Department of Mathematics, Anna University, Regional Campus-Madurai, Keelakuilkudi, Tamilnadu, India, Banu M Fathima ,   Department of Science and Humanities (Mathematics), University College of Engineering Nagercoil, Anna University, Tamilnadu, India
Published: January 2025

In the face of rapid urbanization and the challenges posed by climate change, achieving sustainability and resilience in urban environments has become imperative. This paper explores a novel approach integrating Artificial Intelligence, Multi-Criteria Decision Making, and q-rung orthopair fuzzy ExpoLogarithmic aggregation operators to address the complex dynamics of sustainable urban development. The paper introduces novel ExpoLogarithmic operations, rooted in ExpoLogarithmic t-norms, within the framework of q-rung orthopair fuzzy sets. By harnessing these operations, the paper proposes two robust aggregation operators under q-rung orthopair fuzzy sets: the q-rung orthopair fuzzy ExpoLogarithmic weighted average and the q-rung orthopair fuzzy ExpoLogarithmic weighted geometric. These aggregation operators demonstrate fundamental properties including idempotency, monotonicity, and boundedness. To assess the effectiveness of these methods, Multi-Criteria Decision Making methodology utilizing the recommended aggregation operators is employed. This study integrates a practical demonstration in real-time, with a specific emphasis on enacting appropriate policies for sustainable urban innovation and resilience. Comprehensive analyses, comprising sensitivity evaluations, comparative assessments, and performance evaluations of the approaches, are carried out. Additionally, a reflective discourse on the advantages and disadvantages of the proposed aggregation operators is provided alongside the analysis, underscoring the importance of this approach in bolstering city resilience and mitigating environmental impact.
“Nothing to lose or a world to win”: Reconsidering efficacy, legitimacy, political trust and repression to understand the goal-based nature of confrontational collective action
Authors: Uysal Mete Sefa , Drury John , Acar Yasemin Gülsüm
Published: January 2025

Confrontational collective actions are neither uncontrolled outbursts of initially pacifist resistance nor mere reactions to helplessness and lack of viable political options. Instead, they serve strategically determined purposes within the group, making them perceived as both effective and legitimate. Understanding the goal-based nature of these actions necessitates examining the role of efficacy and legitimacy of actions that are committed to achieving group goals. We examined the role of political trust and protest repression in the legitimacy and efficacy of confrontational and non-confrontational collective actions, and in turn their role in confrontational collective action. Across three correlational studies conducted in Germany, Turkey, and the UK (N = 3,833), the legitimacy and efficacy of confrontational tactics were core determinants of confrontational actions. While political trust did not directly predict confrontational action, it predicted protest repression and the legitimacy of confrontational tactics. Our findings challenge the nothing-to-lose hypothesis by demonstrating that confrontational actions are not driven by the low efficacy of non-confrontational strategies or low political trust, and people may perceive both confrontational and non-confrontational actions as similarly effective.
Development of the Reactive Aggression Assessment (RAGA-16) Part I: Item Selection and Initial Validation
Authors: Langfus Joshua A , Findling Robert L. , Reynolds Cecil , Youngstrom Eric Arden
Published: January 2025

ObjectiveSevere behavioral outbursts characterized by reactive aggression (RA) are common and highly impairing for young children and their families. A growing body of research suggests RA may characterize a distinct group of youth with behavior problems; however, RA is not specific to a single diagnosis in the current clinical nosology. The challenges of assessing the severity of RA and elucidating its diagnostic role as a transdiagnostic symptom are compounded by a lack of validated, RA-specific assessment tools. The current work presents psychometric evidence for a novel screening tool and outcome measure: the 16-item Reactive Aggression Assessment (RAGA-16). It is the first of two manuscripts presenting evidence for the RAGA-16.MethodData comprised a nationally representative US sample (N=1,162) of parents with children ages 6 to 19 (M=11.4; SD=3.98) completed an as-yet unpublished assessment of mood and behavior problems. Latent class analysis (LCA) of expert ratings identified a pool of RA-specific items. We compared two approaches to developing the RAGA-16 from this item pool: a Data Informed approach combining item response theory (IRT) techniques and expert judgment of item characteristics; and an automated test assembly (ATA) approach that selected items based on optimizing test information. Scores from the resulting forms were evaluated based on multiple facets of reliability, differential item functioning (DIF), and associations with parent-reported health information.ResultsLCA identified 43 RA items representing two distinct but highly correlated (r=.63) content domains: Temper Loss and Aggressive Behaviors. Both the Data Informed and ATA-Derived forms showed high reliability (rxx>.80) across a wide range of symptom severity and excellent internal consistency despite containing largely different items. The Data Informed version showed less evidence of DIF across child race and sex as well as slightly higher detection of parent-report externalizing disorders (AUC=.76 vs. .73). Percentile and T-Score norms for scores on the Data Informed form are reported.ConclusionsThe Data-Informed version was selected as the final version of the RAGA-16. Having a brief, highly reliable, targeted assessment of RA with epidemiological norms allows researchers and clinicians to better characterize RA behaviors in youth. Forthcoming work will validate the RAGA-16 as a screening tool in inpatient and outpatient behavioral health settings.
What You Read in Newspapers Matters: The Contribution of Press Portrayals to Attitudes Toward Autism.
Authors: Karaminis Themis , Dickinson Marta
Published: January 2025

Background: Newspapers frequently portray autism negatively and stereotypically, with such portrayals being particularly prevalent in certain tabloids and right-leaning publications. Negative coverage can harm the well-being of autistic people and hinder their acceptance within society. This study further examined the impact of newspaper coverage by analysing the relationship between readers’ newspaper preferences and trust in different outlets and their attitudes towards autism.Method: In an online survey, we recruited 277 UK-based, non-autistic adults who provided demographic information, reading frequency data, and trustworthiness ratings for 10 British newspapers. Participants also completed questionnaires on their knowledge about autism, their explicit attitudes, and a task assessing implicit attitudes toward autism. Data were analysed using generalised additive models weighted by overall exposure to newspapers, with explicit and implicit attitudes as outcome variables. A hierarchical partitioning analysis determined the proportion of the variance in explicit and implicit attitudes explained by reading behaviour and other variables.Results: Our analyses accounted for 60.1% of the variance in explicit (adjusted-R² = 0.60) and 35.2% in implicit attitudes, with reading behaviour variables collectively explaining 6.0% of the variance in explicit and 10.4% in implicit attitudes. Crucially, a preference for reading right-leaning tabloids predicted more negative implicit attitudes. Furthermore, participants with selective trust in right-leaning tabloids tended to have relatively favourable explicit but relatively unfavourable implicit attitudes. A complementary analysis suggested that participants with higher overall trust in newspapers had less accurate knowledge about autism.Conclusion: Our findings highlight the role of the quality of newspaper content in influencing readers’ explicit and implicit attitudes toward autism, alongside other factors. Trust in and engagement with content that negatively and stereotypically portrays autism appear to reinforce negative implicit biases, even when explicit attitudes are favourable. Future research should investigate broader media ecosystems and causal pathways underlying attitudinal shifts.
Variance, bias, and computational cost of estimating the Bayes factor using bridge sampling and the Savage-Dickey density ratio
Authors: Oberauer Klaus , Aust Frederik , Musfeld Philipp
Published: January 2025

Bayes factors often require numerical estimation due to the unavailability of closed-form solutions. In seven simulation studies, we explored the trade-offs between variance, bias, and computational cost of two easy-to-use and broadly applicable methods: bridge sampling and the Savage-Dickey density ratios, based on Gaussian, logspline, and spline-smoothed kernel density approximations of the posterior distribution. In generalized linear mixed effect models for normally and binomially distribute data, we explore the effects of the (1) number of MCMC samples from the posterior, (2) size of effects or magnitude of the Bayes factor, (3) number of participants, and (4) number of model parameters. Our findings suggest that, with enough MCMC samples, both methods yield reliable and accurate estimates across a wide range of conditions. However, with many model parameters bridge sampling becomes computationally expensive and can be unreliable. In contrast, the Savage-Dickey density ratio scales well, remaining computationally efficient and reliable, even with many model parameters. But Savage-Dickey density ratio requires careful consideration of posterior density estimation to mitigate bias while limiting variability of Bayes factor estimates. Weprovide practical recommendations to guide researchers in selecting the most suitable estimation method for their applications.
Preschoolers selectively attend to speech that they can learn more from
Authors: Foushee Ruthe , Srinivasan Mahesh , Xu Fei
Published: January 2025

We introduce a novel method to test a classic idea in developmental science: that children's attention to a stimulus is driven by how much they can learn from it. Preschoolers (4-6 years, M=4.6) watched a video where a distracting animation accompanied static, page-by-page illustrations of a storybook. The audio narration for each storybook page was looped such that children could listen to it up to 6 total times. However, the narration automatically ended if the child looked at the distractor for an extended period of time, indicating their loss of attention to the story, and triggering the next page. The complexity of the narration was manipulated between-subjects: the Simple narration largely contained words that should be familiar to preschoolers, while the Complex narration contained many rare, late-acquired words. Children's learning was measured via post-tests of their plot comprehension and ability to generalize the rare words. Consistent with the hypothesis that children's attention was driven at least partly by their ability to learn from the speech, we observed a significant interaction between narration complexity and age in predicting children's probability of continuing listening on each page, and the proportion of their visual attention that they devoted to the story illustration. That is, while younger children were more likely to continue listening to the Simple speech, older children became increasingly likely to sustain attention to the Complex speech. Our results provide evidence that young children may actively direct their attention toward linguistic input that is most appropriate for their current level of cognitive and linguistic development, which may provide the best learning opportunities.
Experimental Modeling and Synchrotron Light analysis of uranium transport by surface water in sediments of Peña Blanca-Laguna del Cuervo, Chihuahua.
Authors: Perez Reyes Victoria , Cabral Lares Rocio Magaly , Canche Tello Jesús Gonzalo , Faudoa Gómez Fabián Guadalupe , Rodríguez Guerra Yair , Hernández Herrera Cristina , Reyes Cortés Ignacio Alfonso , Loredo Portales René , Hernández Cruz Daniel , Esparza Ponce Hilda Esperanza , Montero Cabrera María Elena
Published: January 2025

Peña Blanca, located 50 km to the north of Chihuahua's city, hosts about 70% of the natural U deposits in Mexico, which contains the uranophane mineral. Uranium could be present in the environmental matrices of rock and soil; it could be redistributed naturally or anthropogenically in the environment. The adverse health effects of uranium are mainly ascribed to its chemistry, causing damage to the kidneys. The main goal of this work is to model the transport of U minerals by leaching at Peña Blanca-Laguna del Cuervo area using sediment columns. XDR, SEM, Alpha Spectrometry, and X-Ray Absorption Fine Structure techniques were applied to identify favored processes. It was possible to correctly reproduce the granulometric sequence of the topography from the Peña Blanca's deposits to the alluvial fans in Laguna del Cuervo. The mineralogical composition of the sediments corresponds to the erosion of felsic volcanic rocks. Activity concentrations of the effluent solutions and the fine fractions of the sediments could be explained from the properties of the grain and its distribution. Through X-Ray Absorption Near Edge Structure (XANES) study of silt and (fine silt + clay) sediment fractions, the U(VI) oxidation state was verified, referable to the adsorption of uranyl ions.
Causes of Divorce in Yala Province, Thailand: Impacts and Suitable Solutions
Authors: Abd Mutalib Aofa , Karim Fatimah
Published: January 2025

This research aims to shed light on the issue of divorce within the family framework by analysing the causes leading to divorce and clarifying its negative effects on the Muslim community in Yala Province. The study also seeks to review the solutions proposed by the Islamic Council in divorce cases, focusing on the jurisprudential and legal aspects of these solutions. The researchers developed a primary research tool using the inductive method to trace the opinions of jurists by gathering relevant information from their works. A field study was conducted involving interviews, visits, and follow-ups with the Shariah judge and members of the Islamic Council in Yala Province. Among the key findings, the researchers identified the main causes of the high divorce rate in Yala Province: negligence of the husband's obligations towards the wife, lack of fairness between wives, involvement in drug and alcohol abuse, and ignorance of proper Islamic family laws. The study emphasizes the need for cooperation between Islamic councils and all relevant parties to address family issues within the community, especially at the governmental level, to promote a peaceful society and resolve family problems in general.
Methods of Activating Cash Endowment and Their Expected Impact on Social Groups in Libya
Authors: Alshibany ِAbdul Aziz , Ahmad Thuraya , Abdullah Atikullah
Published: January 2025

Endowment has a high status in Islam because of its importance in the life of Islamic societies due to the great services it provides in various fields. It enjoys flexibility in provisions, which enables it to keep pace with new developments, especially with the contemporary application of monetary products according to the needs of social groups. Hence the problem of research is rested in revealing the stagnation and decline that the waqf is witnessing in the Libyan environment. Another problem is to determine how much social groups of Libya need the activation of cash waqf, like the experiences of other countries of the Islamic world that have adopted the cash waqf in their institutions. The research follows the inductive approach for extrapolating the provisions and objectives of endowment, opinions of jurists regarding its issues, and contemporary methods of its application. It also uses the descriptive analytical method to collect and analyze opinions, identify the shortcomings and deficiencies, and provide appropriate solutions to them in accordance with the jurisprudential origins. The research concludes that the cash endowment is permissible, and that the Libyan environment is in need of the activation of cash endowment to address its stagnation, the weakness of its revenues, and the disruption and destruction of some of its properties. The research also suggests activating cash products that meet the needs of social groups and enable the renewal of Libyan endowments and thereof, transferring them from the dependence on the government’s expenses to the reliance on their own revenues and products.
From Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion to Justice: Calling in for Collective Learning and Action on Racism in Dietetics
Authors: Brady Jennifer , Ng Eric
Published: January 2025

Equity, diversity, and inclusion (EDI) is the prevailing framework that has informed efforts in dietetics to redress racism. Although EDI has strengths, it has several weaknesses that ultimately hinder progress on racism in the profession. In this paper, we present racial justice as an alternative framework that, we assert, engenders more meaningful, purposive, and politically critical language, analysis, and action to redress racism and White supremacy.
Country Defence Function within the System of Securing Economic Sovereignty
Authors: Shemet Vadim Sergeevich
Published: January 2025

The chapter makes research of methodology, structural and functional composition of the system for securing national economic sovereignty. Its model is constructed. The mechanism for implementing a country defense function within securing of economic sovereignty is considered. The conclusion is formulated that safe protection of the society is provided by defense function of a country, which includes the matrix of interrelated and interdependent blocks of system management and the block of due consideration of national interests.
LEITURA QUE SALVA: UM PROJETO DE INCENTIVO À LEITURA E ESCRITA COMPARTILHADA ENTRE ESTUDANTES DA EJA E DA PEDAGOGIA
Authors: PURIFICAÇÃO MARIA CLARA MARQUES DA , NEVES CAROLINE DA CONCEIÇÃO , ARAÚJO JARCILENE MARIA SOUSA DE , SILVA GABRIELA MARIA DA , SILVA RENATA CARVALHO DA
Published: January 2025

Este trabalho é o desdobramento de uma pesquisa exploratória de caráter qualitativo a partir de entrevistas semi-estruturadas junto aos atores de uma escola na comunidade de Céu Azul em Camaragibe-PE, por estudantes do curso de Pedagogia do Centro Universitário Brasileiro - UNIBRA, com foco nas vivências dos educandos da Educação de Jovens e Adultos - EJA. A partir das experiências dos educandos, foi elaborado o projeto interventivo intitulado “Leitura que Salva”. O objetivo do trabalho foi incentivar a leitura e a escrita entre os jovens e adultos dessa escola pública nessa comunidade. A relevância deste trabalho é a importância de construir práticas educativas de alfabetização e letramento voltadas para o processo de produção criativa por parte do educandos da EJA, o fortalecimento da autoestima e do empoderamento desses educandos, valorizando seu protagonismo e suas histórias de vida, bem como, a cultura local. O trabalho teve como fundamentação teórica o percurso histórico da EJA no Brasil, os estudos freireanos e os pressupostos da Alfabetização e do Letramento na perspectiva das autoras como Magda Soares e Emília Ferreiro. A metodologia envolveu a coleta e análises dos dados obtidos nas entrevistas, o planejamento e a execução de atividades envolvendo coleta e doações de livros, rodas de diálogos, palestras diversas e filmes de animação sobre Literatura de Cordel. Os educandos se engajaram na criação de um livro de autobiografia  e um livreto de Literatura de Cordel, e demonstraram protagonismo e empoderamento em seus relatos e produções. Percebemos que o projeto obteve resultados mais que satisfatórios, pois foram atividades e palestras muito significativas, e vivências transformadoras como podemos perceber nos relatos dos educandos envolvidos.
CONHECIMENTO, PERCEPÇÃO E EDUCAÇÃO AMBIENTAL SOBRE AS SERPENTES NATIVAS DO CERRADO EM UMA REGIÃO SULDOESTE DO ESTADO PIAUIENSE
Authors: SOUZA MATHEUS LOPES , SOUZA JEFFERSON RODRIGUES DE , OLIVEIRA VANESSA CARVALHO DE
Published: January 2025

As serpentes são animais que fazem parte do grupo dos vertebrados e desempenham funções importantes na natureza, seja no controle biológico e/ou para pesquisas para a medicina. No entanto, este grupo são frequentemente alvo de repulsa por parte da população, devido ao medo associado à sua reputação de animais peçonhentos, sendo frequentemente perseguidas e mortas indiscriminadamente. No contexto da Educação Ambiental, o acesso à informação científica pode desempenhar um papel crucial no enfrentamento para conservação das serpentes. Dessa forma, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o nível de conhecimento da população de uma microrregião no sul do estado do Piauí, sobre as serpentes nativas da região, seus serviços ecológicos e conservação. Além disso, foi realizada ação de educação ambiental voltada para conservação e preservação das serpentes nativas da região do Bioma Cerrado, através de uma cartilha. O público alvo foram os moradores de Uruçuí-PI), e alguns de cidades circunvizinhas. Para isso, um questionário foi disponibilizado por meio de redes sociais, com a finalidade de verificar o conhecimento e percepção da população alvo sobre as serpentes nativas da região. Os resultados revelaram um entendimento geral sobre a importância ecológica das serpentes, incluindo seu papel no controle de pragas e na medicina. No entanto, muitos ainda mantêm medo e aversão, refletidos em prontidão para matar esses animais em ambientes urbanos. Esse medo destacou a necessidade de programas educacionais contínuos, focados em desmitificar as serpentes e promover a coexistência harmoniosa. Além disso, a pesquisa enfatiza o potencial das redes sociais como ferramentas eficazes para disseminar conhecimento científico de maneira acessível e atraente. No entanto, a necessidade de expandir a conscientização sobre as serpentes vai além do ambiente digital. É fundamental incorporar práticas educacionais na vida diária das pessoas, encorajando uma coexistência pacífica e a preservação ativa dos ecossistemas naturais.
CONSCIENTIZAÇÃO SOBRE PLANTAS ORNAMENTAIS TÓXICAS ATRAVÉS DE REDES SOCIAIS
Authors: VASCONCELOS HELOISA MONIQUE BARROS DE , RAMOS ARETUZA BEZERRA BRITO
Published: January 2025

Algumas plantas que decoram vasos e jardins contêm princípios ativos tóxicos que são disfarçados pela sua beleza (forma, cor, textura, etc) e podem causar intoxicações graves sob certas condições de exposição. A intoxicação por plantas ornamentais ocorre no ambiente doméstico devido ao manejo inadequado e/ou desconhecido da população. Deve-se notar que tais variedades de plantas podem causar sintomas clínicos, que muitas vezes são inespecíficos, mas importantes, como náuseas, hematoma, problemas gastrointestinais. e outras complicações. A população deve estar consciente dos riscos à saúde que o mau manejo de plantas ornamentais e/ou tóxicos pode causar e, portanto, compreender a prevenção e os cuidados. Nesse sentido, objetivo deste trabalho foi conscientizar a população em geral quanto ao uso consciente das plantas ornamentais conhecidas na região do Sertão Pernambucano, através de redes sociais. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida a partir de um levantamento de imagens remetidas pelos estudantes de graduação em Ciências Biológicas e Geografia da FACHUSC, sendo identificadas a partir dos quintais e jardins de suas residências. Assim, a partir dessas identificações, foi possível elaborar um material informativo para divulgação em redes sociais com cards de fácil entendimento. Foram identificadas 57 espécies ornamentais, das quais 40,3% são tóxicas, sendo Zamioculcas zamiifolia Engl. a mais frequente (com 28,57% das ocorrências). O material de divulgação destas espécies tóxicas atingiu um número significativo de pessoas através de redes sociais, demonstrando que é possível desenvolver a aprendizagem através das mídias sociais e conscientizar a população quanto ao uso consciente de tais espécies.
USO DO DOMINÓ GÊNICO COMO FERRAMENTA AUXILIAR AO ENSINO-APRENDIZAGEM DA GENÉTICA NO CONTEXTO DO ENSINO MÉDIO
Authors: ROCHA CRISTIANE GOMES DA , SANTANA ANA BEATRIZ PEREIRA , CASTRO ITAMARA ALMEIDA , CASTRO ÍCARO FILLIPE DE ARAÚJO
Published: January 2025

Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a aplicabilidade do jogo “dominó gênico” como ferramenta auxiliar ao ensino-aprendizado da genética no contexto do ensino médio. A referida pesquisa teve como público-alvo discentes do terceiro ano do ensino médio de uma Instituição Federal de ensino localizada em Uruçuí-PI. Inicialmente, aos discentes foram apresentados os objetivos da pesquisa, e a participação efetivou-se mediante a concordância a um Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido (TCLE) aos maiores de idade ou a um Termo de Responsabilidade (TR) destinado aos responsáveis dos menores participantes. Posteriormente, os discentes foram convidados a responder o primeiro questionário (Q1) que continha questões que buscavam conhecer percepções relacionadas ao uso de jogos e a genética, bem como questões de vestibulares que buscavam avaliar os conhecimentos prévios dos discentes. Após a aplicação do Q1, realizou-se uma aula teórica sobre os conteúdos interação complementar e epistaria seguido da utilização do dominó gênico pelos participantes. Após a aula e a realização das partidas com o dominó gênico, aplicou-se o questionário dois (Q2) contendo as mesmas perguntas de vestibulares aplicadas no Q1, juntamente com perguntas que buscavam a percepção dos discentes quanto ao uso do jogo proposto. Para análise de dados, foram realizadas comparações percentuais das respostas dos participantes, e para as questões de vestibulares, realizou-se análise estatística utilizando-se o teste de McNemar. A partir das análises dos questionários, observou-se expressiva aprovação dos discentes ao uso do jogo proposto, e que este contribuiu diretamente com o processo de ensino-aprendizado se mostrando uma excelente ferramenta de ensino. Portanto, apontamos que o uso de métodos ativos se mostra como valiosas ferramentas de ensino, e que trabalhos com essa perspectiva deveriam ser amplamente produzidos e divulgados no contexto escolar.
ELABORAÇÃO E APLICAÇÃO DE MODELO DIDÁTICO COMO FERRAMENTA FACILITADORA PARA A DISCUSSÃO DA TEMÁTICA CICLO DAS ANGIOSPERMAS NO ENSINO MÉDIO
Authors: RODRIGUES-SOUZA JEFFERSON , BRITO EMILLY CARVALHO , CASTRO YASMIM ALLINE DE ARAÚJO , CASTRO ITAMARA ALMEIDA , CASTRO ÍCARO FILLIPE DE ARAÚJO
Published: January 2025

O ensino da Botânica, ramo da ciência que estuda as plantas, possui um importante papel na formação discente. Entretanto, tem sido observadas diversas dificuldades no ensino-aprendizagem de Botânica na educação básica, principalmente por conta da “impercepção botânica”, a incapacidade de se perceber as plantas no cotidiano, bem como pela dificuldade de representar conceitos botânicos de modo que se facilite a aprendizagem. Nesse sentido, faz-se necessário o uso de estratégias metodológicas que tornem o aprendizado de Botânica mais motivador, significativo e contextualizado, como os modelos didáticos. Assim, levando a consideração da carência de recursos didáticos, além da falta de espaços especializados como laboratórios no ensino público para a execução de aulas práticas, o presente estudo teve como objetivo confeccionar e avaliar um modelo didático aplicável e de baixo custo, como ferramenta facilitadora da aprendizagem, sobre o conteúdo ciclo das angiospermas para alunos do segundo ano do Ensino Médio. Após o aceite para participar da pesquisa, através da assinatura de um TCLE (Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido) e um TR (Termo de Responsabilidade), no caso dos indivíduos menores de idade, os participantes responderam um primeiro questionário (Q1), que versava sobre a percepção dos discentes sobre o uso de modelos didáticos e ensino de Botânica, além de trazer algumas questões de ENEM/vestibular sobre gimnospermas e angiospermas. Em seguida, foi realizada uma aula expositiva dialogada sobre gimnospermas utilizando-se slides e, posteriormente, realizou-se uma aula expositiva dialogada sobre angiospermas, com o auxílio do modelo didático. Por fim, foi aplicado um segundo questionário (Q2), com as mesmas questões de ENEM/vestibular utilizadas no Q1, além de uma questão subjetiva sobre a satisfação dos alunos em relação à aula realizada. Os resultados demonstraram que o uso de modelo didático facilitou o entendimento do ciclo das angiospermas, uma vez que foi possível uma maior compreensão da morfologia externa, anatomia e fisiologia vegetal por conta da representação das estruturas no modelo, conforme dito pelos alunos. Dessa forma, o uso de metodologias alternativas minimiza o alto índice de impercepção botânica entre os discentes, dando suporte para que estes construam novos conhecimentos, estimulando o pensamento crítico.