bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sustaining Lifelong Learning: A Self-Regulated Learning (SRL) Approach
Authors: Taranto Daniella , Buchanan Michael T.
Published: May 2020

Sustainable education requires teaching practices and techniques that secure strong foundations in learning. The changing contexts, needs and trends of the 21st century challenge teachers to enable students to obtain the skills and knowledge necessary to succeed in an ever changing and digital world (Coklar & Yurdakul, 2017). Schools’ philosophy and curriculum must encourage students to develop adaptive skills that are foundational to lifelong learning to sustain them in changing environments (De Corte, 2019). However, students’ achievement has been drastically compromised throughout the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries. Furthermore, some countries, such as Australia, are facing a concerning decline in academic achievement in science, reading, and mathematics (PISA, 2018). The purpose of this conceptual paper is to explore Self-Regulated Learning (SRL) theory for its potential to enhance students’ sustainable abilities enabling them to engage in lifelong learning. An exploration of SRL theory posits the need for empirical research of effective SRL implementation in schools. The theoretical foundations of SRL are outlined, along with its impact on students’ learning and development in the 21st century. This article explores elements of SRL implementation that support educational bodies in fostering competent learners and sustainable education, including pre-service teachers’ training, teachers’ self-efficacy, a whole-school approach to SRL, and ongoing professional development in SRL.
Student Teachers’ Learning About Social Entrepreneurship Education – A Dutch Pilot Study in Primary Teacher Education
Authors: Rigg Elizabeth , van der Wal-Maris Stella
Published: May 2020

The importance of sustainable education is increasingly being seen over the last decade. One way is by offering social entrepreneurship education (SEE): education that addresses engagement (empathy, compassion and care) and entrepreneurship. In a Dutch institute for primary teacher education, a pilot study was undertaken on SEE. Student teachers were instructed to design games that stimulate social entrepreneurship of children aged 8–12, and especially aim at enhancing empathy. Game designing appears to offer good opportunities for the enhancement of empathy. This study reveals what the students enrolled in the pilot (n=8) perceived to have learned about SEE, and in particular about the enhancement of empathy. The students saw a relationship between empathy, sustainability issues and SEE. They had the impression certain game conditions, competences and teacher characteristics stimulated SEE and empathy. Game designing offered good opportunities to enhance empathy and helped the students to increase their understanding of SEE.
An Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Nanosilver in Swimming Pool Water Treatment - Water Quality and Toxicity of the Product
Authors: Wyczarska-Kokot Joanna , Łaskawiec Edyta , Piechurski Florian
Published: May 2020

The possibility of applying a colloidal solution of nanosilver in the closed circuit of pool water treatment as a complementary disinfectant with chlorine compounds was presented. The applied nanosilver solution is characterized, by hygienic certificate, as having a very high biocidal effect. Samples of pool water for the control were taken from 5 points of a pool circuit. The safety of the water was appraised by comparing the bacteriological and physicochemical test results with the admissible values specified by hygienic requirements. The results show that nanosilver solution can be successfully applied for precoating the filter bed and supporting the disinfection system. Special attention was paid to the bacteriological purity and stability of the disinfectant concentration. The influence of concentration of colloidal nanosilver (0-25 mg/dm3) on bacterial bioluminescence, crustacean mortality and macroscopic effect of root growth and seed germination of selected plants was analysed. The results obtained were related to the current knowledge on the impact of nanoparticles on indicator organisms. It was found that due to many still unknown mechanisms of interaction and transformation of nanoparticles in living organisms, further study of this issue is necessary.
AutoCAD: examination of factors influencing user adoption
Authors: Baj-Rogowska Anna
Published: May 2020

The primary purpose of the research is to examine and validate determinants of user intention to use AutoCAD software, utilising the constructs from prior studies in a more integrated model. The paper proposes a revised Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) for measuring the adoption of AutoCAD. In the study, a latent construct PPA (perceived physical accessibility) was added to the proposed research model as a new determinant of AutoCAD adoption. An online survey of AutoCAD users was conducted to collect data. This data was empirically used to test the proposed research model. The Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) technique was used to evaluate the causal model, and the confirmatory factor analysis was performed to examine the reliability and validity of the measurement model. The study results show that user behavioural intention to use AutoCAD is significantly affected by three determinants: perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use and perceived physical accessibility of the software. This finding contributes to an expanded understanding of the factors that promote acceptance of AutoCAD software. Moreover, the main contribution of this study is to verify the impact of the added PPA variable on the behavioural intention to use and the actual use of AutoCAD, and also to create measurement scales for this new latent variable in TAM.
Involvement of Asc and Nlrp3 inflammasomes in the testes following spinal cord injury
Authors: Ramezanikhah Hajar , Farrokhi Ahmad , Nejatbakhsh Reza , Shokri Saeed , Zendedel Adib , Abdanipour Alireza
Published: May 2020

Objective. The exact mechanism, by which spinal cord injury (SCI) leads to a male subfertility is not well-known. Present study was conducted to determine the mechanisms that lead to the elevated end-product cytokines and inflammasomes in the testes of an SCI rat model. Moreover, we evaluated the inflammasome components following SCI in testis over a defined time periods.

Methods. Weight drop technique was used to induce SCI at the level of the T10 vertebra in male Wistar rats. The animals were sacrificed at specific time intervals (3, 7, 14, 21, and 28 day’s post-SCI). mRNA levels of inflammasomes and cytokines were measured by real-time PCR, germ cells apoptosis was evaluated by TUNEL staining, and the epithelium of seminiferous tubules by Miller’s and Johnsen’s scores.

Results. The results showed activation of Nlrp3 in the testes of SCI animals at different time points. Expression of Nlrp3 and IL-1β sharply increased 14 days after the SCI. Upregulation of IL-1β and IL-18 at days 14 and 21 post-SCI might disintegrate the epithelium of seminiferous tubules at day 14 and induce germ cells apoptosis, increase abnormal sperm cells, and attenuate motility and viability at 21 days post-SCI.

Conclusion. This study provided further evidence of innate immunity activation in testes that could lead to more disruption of spermatogenesis in SCI patients at specific times.
Creating Consumer Loyalty in the Field of Using Over-the-Counter Products
Authors: Šapić Srđan , Kocić Milan , Radaković Katarina
Published: May 2020

Consumer behaviour, primarily in terms of examining consumers’ loyalty, as one of the key marketing ideas, represents a subject of consideration in many areas. One of them is pharmaceutical marketing. This paper places a special focus on the examination of over-the-counter products, i.e. it tries to identify which variable has the greatest impact on loyalty towards these products. By using the quantitative analysis, it was examined whether perceived risk, pharmacist expertise, promotional activities and price sensitivity affect the creation of consumer loyalty. In addition, the aim was to determine whether consumer loyalty to over-the-counter products results in buying behaviour. Based on the applied correlation and regression analysis, it was confirmed that perceived risk and pharmacist expertise have a statistically significant impact on consumer loyalty, and that there is a statistically significant relationship between consumer loyalty and readiness to purchase.
Public Debt Management in Selected Central East Europe Countries
Authors: Martin Vesna
Published: May 2020

Public debt management represents an important part of public finance in each economy and in most countries is in administrative authority within the Ministry of Finance. The Public Debt Administration is the holder of public debt policy, presenting one of the most important branches of macroeconomic policy and has stabilization and developmental function. The Public Debt Management determines the schedule, scope and currency structure of the security issuance in the domestic and international financial markets and directly affects the level of indebtedness of the country and the level of foreign exchange risk. The main objective of public debt management is to ensure that the government’s financing needs and its payment obligations are met at the lowest possible cost over the medium to long run, consistent with a prudent degree of risk. Adequate public debt management is crucial in view of the severe macroeconomic consequences of non-enforcement of public debt and the potential expansion of instability to other sectors in an economy. All this indicates the need for an adequately setting up current and future public debt management strategy and the development of instruments to reduce borrowing costs and foreign exchange risk levels. The aim of this paper is to present public debt management in selected Central East Europe countries (Serbia, Hungary, Croatia, Albania and Slovenia) and to recommend further improvement of its public debt strategies.
Institutions as the Driver of Economic Growth in Classic, Neoclasic and Endogenous Theory
Authors: Cvetanović Slobodan , Mitrović Uroš , Jurakić Marko
Published: May 2020

The research in this paper focuses on the perception of institutions as the drivers of economic growth. A critical presentation of the views of classical, neoclassical and endogenous growth theorists on this issue is given. It was pointed out that the classical economic theory presented in the works of Smith, Ricardo and Malthus implies the importance of the existence of an appropriate institutional framework for initiating economic growth. The attitude of the classics is that the state can stimulate economic growth through various measures aimed at building quality institutions. On the contrary, the neoclassical growth theory has completely neglected the treatment of institutions in the analysis of economic growth. Institutions as drivers of economic growth are not taken into account in the Robert Solow’s model. However, broadly speaking, it can be assumed that the impact of institutions on the initiation of economic growth is embedded in the category of residuals and the premise of the existence of a high substitution of production factors. But, this fact, even from a distance, does not call into question the general conclusion about the unacceptable neglect of the importance of institutions in explaining the physiology of economic growth by neoclassicists. Finally, the paper emphasizes the fact that only with the emergence of an endogenous growth theory, the question of the underdevelopment of the institutions as an important model of slow economic progress of certain countries is explored. Unfortunately, the developed theoretical models of growth, which include institutions as a full concept, still do not exist in the endogenous theory of economic development.
Perspectives of Development of Rural Tourism of the Republic of Serbia
Authors: Đorđević Dejan Ž. , Šušić Vukašin , Janjić Ivana
Published: May 2020

Rural tourism represents the tourism in rural households, as well as holidays and stays in rural areas, events, festivals, recreations, productions and sales of handicrafts, crafts and agricultural products. Rural tourism is especially suitable for the revitalisation of degraded rural areas, ensuring their sustainability in the future, through creating new work places, increasing the diversity of occupations, rural crafts, and also preserving the landscape and nature. The development of rural tourism of the Republic of Serbia could play an important role in the country’s rural development and economic development in general. Thanks to its diverse relief and preserved nature, Serbia has significant resources in rural tourism at its disposal, but the number of negative factors that prevent more intensive growth of this economic branch is not negligible at all. One of the most important problems, but not unsolvable one, is the extinction of rural settlements in Serbia.
The Impact of the Common Agricultural Policy of the European Union on the General Price Level of Countries that Joined in the Period from 2004 to 2007
Authors: Stojanović Ivana
Published: May 2020

Application of The Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) of the European Union implies the existence of a single market (without customs duties on mutual trade), the community’s priority in meeting the needs for agricultural products (protection against imports) and the existence of financial solidarity (joint financing). Joining the European Union for new member states implies the termination of the implementation of the existing national agricultural policy and the the beginning of the implementation of the CAP. Although membership in the European Union implies many advantages, the period after joining this community can be quite economically unstable for some countries. One of the most significant problems is an increase in agricultural product prices and a rise in the general price level (inflation). The above can be confirmed by a simple empirical analysis of the economic indicators of the countries that joined the EU together in the period from 2004 until 2007.
Institutional Measures for Increasing the Cyber Security for Business in the European Union
Authors: Čelik Petar
Published: May 2020

Numerous research and analytical studies envisage a new wave of disruptive innovations that will completely change the economic landscape, organization and business models in the short term, as well as ways of managing companies. This wave of innovation, followed by the use of new digital technologies, such as Big Data, mobile applications, social networking, robotics, 3D printing, nanotechnology, quantum informatics, cloud computing, etc., through various forms and modes of cyber vulnerability, contribute to reducing the ability to achieve effective protection, not only for companies and public services, but also for other services available to citizens. The current research preoccupation is focused on finding adequate solutions, in terms of protecting the digital economy and digital business from all modern threats and risks that the modern disruptive technologies carry along with. The thematic focus is on strengthening the institutional and operational capacities of existing and newly-formed specialized agencies, such as: ENISA, EC3 and EUROPOL, in order to provide an integrated institutional response to a wide range of hybrid and cyber threats. The final section of the paper presents an overview of comprehensive strategic, regulatory and institutional approach of the EU to cyber incidents and crises in the digital space.
Determinants of Income Inequality in EU Candidate Countries: A Panel Analysis
Authors: Bucevska Vesna
Published: May 2020

Despite increasing income per capita, the EU candidate and potential candidate countries remain confronted with high levels of income inequality. The purpose of our paper is to identify the main determinants of income inequality among the EU candidate countries. In addition to macroeconomic factors, we also analyze the impact of demographic variables to provide more reliable estimates. Using panel data analysis with fixed effects in the period 2005-2017 for three EU candidate countries (North Macedonia, Serbia and Turkey) we find that the unemployment rate, the level of economic development and the investment rate are the main determinants whose increase leads to a bigger income differentiation in the analyzed countries. The government indebtedness has also a statistically significant, but a negative impact on income inequality. The other two macroeconomic variables in the model – the terms of trade and inflation are statistically insignificant. Among the demographic factors, population growth and education significantly affect income inequality among the EU candidate countries. The obtained results suggest that a sustainable economic growth combined with active measures in the labor market and the improvement of education level of the population could lead to more equal income distribution.
The Effects of Employees’ Education Degree on the Correlation Between Job Satisfaction and Personality Dimensions
Authors: Knežević Milena Nedeljković , Nedeljković Slađana , Mijatov Maja
Published: May 2020

Employees’ job satisfaction is an important factor of shaping the organizational business performances. However, job satisfaction might depend on employees’ personality dimensions, such as: extraversion, negative affectivity, conscientiousness, agreeableness and openness to new experiences. Besides that, the employees’ job satisfaction, but also their personality dimensions, might be affected by the employees’ education degree. In respect to that, this research was oriented towards determining the effects of the employees’ education degree on the correlation between the employees’ job satisfaction and their personality dimensions. The survey research sample consisted of 116 respondents, employed within a large public monopolistic organization, oriented towards the energy sector, operating in transitional society. The research results indicated that employees’ education degree shaped the correlation between all personality dimensions, on the one hand, and the pay, benefits, relation between coworkers, supervision and nature of the work facets of job satisfaction, on the other. Beside theoretical contribution, the research results might have practical implication through providing the information necessary for improving human resource management in Serbia, a transitional economy with general business conditions different from those in developed countries.
Neo-Endogenous Rural Development in Favor of Organic Farming: Two Case Studies from Italian Fragile Areas
Authors: Belliggiano Angelo , Sturla Alberto , Vassallo Marco , Viganò Laura
Published: May 2020

This paper analyses two case studies ascribable to neo-endogenous paradigm for rural development experimented by two small municipalities in Northern (Varese Ligure) and Central-southern (Castel del Giudice) Italian Apennines. By means of different approaches, the two towns have been able to provide local development through organic farming that in turn have boosted economic diversification or new forms of territorial aggregation. They have drawn the attention to the neighbouring communities and have stimulated emulation processes. Through a multivariate analysis this study therefore gets to a distinct partition of the two regional territories (NUTS2), where the cases belong, identifying the municipalities that show greater affinity to the cases in question, in order to offer to policy makers useful elements either for encouraging the replication of best practices or including them in future planning strategies. However, while the cluster that includes Varese Ligure (in Northern Italy) appears more clearly influenced by environmental values and a certain demographic resilience, the one to which Castel del Giudice belongs (in the Center-South) is more influenced by the aging of the population and by a greater structural dependency. Both clusters, however, could find a common way of development centred on the economic potential offered by organic farming due to the affinity shown by the proposed case studies.
Model of Local Economic Development in Hungarian Countryside
Authors: Zsótér Brigitta , Illés Sándor , Simonyi Péter
Published: May 2020

During and the following years of economic crisis that started in 2008, the European Union did not find reliable answers to some negative effects of downturn. This was highly true in East Central Europe, in the ex-socialist countries. Regional differences increased at the expanse of rural areas. The inefficient efforts to revitalize rural countryside echoed new. The main aim of the paper is to investigate on the necessary elements and mechanisms of employment growth in Hungarian rural areas. Based on the original applied research series conducted in 2012–2013 and 2015–2016, and the publication of the first results in line with the relevant literature, the authors built a general model inspired by geographical spheres for practical use of stakeholders and policymakers. The parts of the model, the interrelations, mechanisms and functions between them were the subject matter of this paper. The authors expect debate on further generalization of the model.
Scheduling High Multiplicity Coupled Tasks
Authors: Wojciechowicz Wojciech , Gabay Michaël
Published: May 2020

The coupled tasks scheduling problem is class of scheduling problems, where each task consists of two operations and a separation gap between them. The high-multiplicity is a compact encoding, where identical tasks are grouped together, and the group is specified instead of each individual task. Consequently the encoding of a problem instance is decreased significantly. In this article we derive a lower bound for the problem variant as well as propose an asymptotically optimal algorithm. The theoretical results are complemented with computational experiment, where a new algorithm is compared with three other algorithms implemented.
Morphological, cytological and molecular variations induced by gamma rays in Chrysanthemum morifolium ‘Donglinruixue’
Authors: Wang Ling , Wu Jianhui , Lan Feng , Gao Pengfei
Published: May 2020

The current study investigated the effects of gamma radiation on the death rate, morphological traits and meiotic abnormalities in ground-grown chrysanthemum ‘Donglinruixue’, and inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers were used to identify the DNA polymorphism among mutants. The results showed that the death rate significantly increased with increase in radiation dose. Semi-lethal (LD50) dose was approximately 35 Gy. Compared with unirradiated control, plant growth was significantly inhibited. After irradiation, a series of morphological variations and cytological aberrations occurred in radiated plants. The peak in variation frequency appeared at 35 Gy. In total, ISSR analysis produced 72 scorable bands, of which 64 (88.89%) were polymorphic. The current study demonstrated that gamma irradiation generates a sufficient number of induced mutations and that ISSR analysis offered a useful molecular marker analysis for the identification of mutants.
Investigations of mature Scots pine stands in wind-throw areas in Norway spruce forests in Western Rhodopes
Authors: Barna Milan , Ferezliev Angel , Tsakov Hristo , Mihál Ivan
Published: May 2020

We investigated the current health condition (defoliation), state of natural regeneration, and mycoflora and phytopathogen-caused attacks in Scots pine forests (Pinus sylvestris L.) planted in the 1960s in areas affected by wind disturbances in the West Rhodope Mountains in Bulgaria. Some damage types (resin outflow and anthropogenic damage) were present to a low extent in the research plots (S – Selishte and PK – Pobit Kamak). Some were missing completely (damage by deer and other animals, the presence of lignicolous fungi and abiotic damage). The most important results of this study were the following: i) the occurrence of the bark beetle pest Tomicus minor Hartig (Coleoptera, Scolytinae) was recorded on average in 4.6 (S) and 2.3 (PK) of fallen shoots under the tree crown within 1 m diameter around the stem; ii) significant damage to tree crowns due to the loss of assimilation organs in Scots pine trees (28% – S and 39% – PK, respectively) was several times higher than that recorded in Norway spruce (Picea abies L.) (10%); iii) tree species composition resulting from natural regeneration showed 95–100% proportion of Norway spruce despite the predominance of Scots pine in the maternal stand. These observations might provide evidence of unsuitable environmental conditions in the studied localities for pine forests on the southern range of the natural P. sylvestris occurrence. Forest management in similar ecological and climatic conditions should aim at significant diversification of the forest stand structure by utilizing tree species suitable for the given ecosystems.
Genotype-specific requirements for in vitro culture initiation and multiplication of Magnolia taxa
Authors: Konôpková Jana , Košútová Dominika , Ferus Peter
Published: May 2020

The influence of basal media composition, concentration of plant growth regulators (PGRs), and the developmental stage of primary explants (dormancy, stage of bud opening and fruit ripening) on the initiation phase of nine Magnolia genotypes, including M. stellata /Sieb. & Zucc./Maxim., M. × soulangeana ‘Rustica Rubra’, M. denudata Desr., M. × soulangeana ‘Alexandrina’, M. liliiflora Desr., M. officinalis var. biloba Rehd. & Wils., M. salicifolia Maxim., M. × soulangeana ‘Lennei’, and M. kobus DC, was evaluated. The highest efficiency of primary culture initiation of seven Magnolia genotypes (except for M. liliiflora and M. salicifolia) was achieved from primary explants collected in the bud opening stage. A high positive correlation was found between total tannins and efficiency of the primary culture initiation at the fruit ripening stage (r = 0.833). Standardi and Catalano medium (S2) with 0.5 mg l−1 of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) was the most appropriate for multiplication of M. × soulangeana ‘Alexandrina’, whereas tissue cultures of M. × soulangeana ‘Lennei’ proliferated and grew better on S2 medium with 1.0 mg l−1 of BAP and 1.0 g l−1 of polyvinylpyrrolidone. The requirements for the composition of basal media and concentration of PGRs in the initiation and multiplication stages of micropropagation of various Magnolia species and cultivars are genotype-specific.
Effect of glutathione (GSH) on Date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) micropropagation
Authors: Al-Mayahi Ahmed Madi Waheed , Jafar Osama Nazim , Mohsen Khaun Ali
Published: May 2020

The investigation was carried out to evaluate the influence of glutathione (GSH: levels 0, 0.1, 0.5 1.0, and 2.0 mM) on the callus growth, shoot multiplication and phytochemicals of in vitro shoots of the Date palm cv. Barhee. The optimum concentration of GSH was 1.0 mM. Such concentration improved the callus growth and increased its weight to 312.0 mg, the addition of this substance of the same concentration level showed the highest response rate and the number of shoots per jar (73.34 ± 2.69 and 8.83 ± 0.80 shoots/jar, respectively). Also, the 1.0 GSH application resulted in reducing the percentage of browning to 0.0 compared to the other concentrations. The results of the biochemical analysis revealed that treatments GSH of 0.1, 0.5 and 1.0 mM reduced the total soluble phenols compound (TSPC). These treatments were also more effectively reducing peroxidase (POD) and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) activity than the concentrations of 2 mM or 0 (control treatment).
Mycobiota of juniper Juniperus x media with symptoms of dieback in sewage plant facilities area in Poznań
Authors: Behnke-Borowczyk Jolanta , Kwaśna Hanna , Szewczyk Wojciech , Zatorski Jacek
Published: May 2020

The frequency and diversity of fungi in branches, roots and soil was examined in 3–10-years-old diseased Juniperus x media trees growing in the surroundings of the sewage treatment facility in Poznań. Symptoms of branch dieback appeared first on the older parts inside the crown and mostly in the lower part of trees subsequently spreading upwards and outwards. Our analyses included extraction of environmental rDNA from branches, roots and soil, amplification of the rDNA with fungi specific primers and sequencing. Fungal taxa from Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, Chytridiomycota, Glomeromycota and Zygomycota were detected with a total of 695, 135 and 196 taxa in branches, roots and soil, respectively. Fungal communities included plant pathogens, opportunistic pathogens, epiphytes or endophytes, mycorrhizal taxa, saprotrophs common on organic debris and in soil, human and animal pathogens, entomopathogenic taxa, mycoparasites, white and black yeasts, taxa with antagonistic and medicinal properties and lichenized fungi. The frequency of potential plant pathogens was 2.64–33.12% in branches, 0.88% in roots and 1.29–2.93% in soil. The most common pathogens were species from Chalara, Cytospora, Fusarium, Ilyonectria, Mycosphaerella, Setomelanomma (Ascomycota) and Armillaria, Rhizoctonia (Basidiomycota) genera. The less frequent pathogens included species from Leptosphaeria, Lophodermium and Septoria genera. In conclusion, oxygen deficiency and the presence of poisonous gases in the air around the sewage plant is likely to have had damaging effects on plants infected or colonized by opportunistic and facultative parasites.
Morphometric Characteristics of the Extreme Eastern Algerian Domestic Donkey (Equus asinus)
Authors: Hannani H. , Bouzebda Z. , Bouzebda-Afri F. , Hannani A. , Khemis M. D. E. H.
Published: May 2020

The aim of this study was to define the morphometric variability of the extreme Eastern Algerian donkeys. The study was carried out from June to December 2018 in El-Tarf, Souk-Ahras, and Tebessa provinces. The study population involved 65 individuals (32 jacks and 33 jennies) between the ages of 3 and 16 years old. In total, 13 body measurements were used, and 5 zootechnical indexes were calculated. The quantitative and qualitative characteristics were studied in order to establish an ethnic and functional classification of this particular subspecies. The qualitative data demonstrated that the coat colour was variable. Bay and greyish colours were dominant with a respective rate of 61.5 % and 38.5 %, respectively. The head, the nose, as well as the eyes contour colours were mainly grey with 52.3 %, 58.5 % and 50.8 % respectively. The partial absence of the coat particularities was observed. The population presented a significate relationship between the quantitative characters (P < 0.05). The donkeys were longilinear, of a rectilinear profile, compact with massive trends. They had a hyper-metric format. The animals are good for meat production. The General Linear Model (GLM) showed that the body measurements were variable by sex and body mass. The principal component analysis (PCA), the multiple correspondence analyses (MCA) and the ascending hierarchical classification (AHC) revealed that the population was composed of 2 clusters representing 4 animal classes. This study was the first report on the phenotypic characterization of donkeys in the extreme Eastern Algerian area, based on corporal measurements. The results indicated the existence of heterogeneity and suggested the possibilities of genetic improvement within the species.
Undergraduate Education in Psychiatry in India
Authors: Kallivayalil Roy Abraham , Enara Arun
Published: May 2020

Medical education curricula, from around the world, have often neglected psychiatry as a subject of importance in undergraduate medical training.

In India, the scenario has not been different from the rest of the world. The National Mental Health Survey done in India, recently, estimates a treatment gap of around 80–85% for various mental illnesses. This provides a strong case to strengthen the undergraduate psychiatry curricula since it would help tackle the treatment gap of common mental disorders in the community.

Further, a strong educational foundation with meaningful inclusion of mental health and well-being, will also make the trainee aware of their own mental well-being and better help seeking behaviour in the medical student. In this article, we look to review the evolution of undergraduate medical education in India.
Moving Words
Authors: Raynaud Savina
Published: May 2020

We move words and words move us. To describe and explain how and why this happens, the present article focuses on Prague traditions, both on the philosophical and linguistic elements. The semantic and syntactic approach is summarized, as developed by Anton Marty, belonging to the Brentano school, and by Vilém Mathesius, founder of the Prague Linguistic Circle, as well as by Jan Firbas, who developed the functional sentence perspective (FSP) into the theory of communicative dynamism (CD). The four Principles of FSP and the four factors of CD are highlighted, together with the related criticism that stems from a systematic work of corpus annotation, a true test procedure for any theory concerned with word order, the interplay between lexicon and morphology, rhythm, intonation and their effects on the addressee’s psychic and emotive processes and life.
First documented cases of Pearsonema plica (syn. Capillaria plica) infections in dogs from Western Slovakia
Authors: Komorová P. , Kasičová Z. , Zbojanová K. , Kočišová A.
Published: May 2020

Three clinical cases of dogs with Pearsonema plica infection were detected in the western part of Slovakia. All cases were detected within five months. Infections were confirmed after positive findings of capillarid eggs in the urine sediment in following breeds. The eight years old Jack Russell Terrier, one year old Italian Greyhound, and eleven years old Yorkshire terrier were examined and treated. In one case, the infection was found accidentally in clinically healthy dog. Two other patients had nonspecific clinical signs such as apathy, inappetence, vomiting, polydipsia and frequent urination. This paper describes three individual cases, including the case history, clinical signs, examinations, and therapies. All data were obtained by attending veterinarian as well as by dog owners.
An Integrated Study of Coffee and Cacao Plantation Management in Supporting Tourism-Based Agribusiness in East Java, Indonesia
Authors: Soetriono Arig Dewi Mahari , Winarno Sri Tjondro
Published: May 2020

This research aims to: (1) understand the factors which become the drivers and inhibitors of the implementation of integrated management model of coffee and cocoa plantation, and (2) determine the strategy of integrated management model of coffee and cocoa plantation. The research location is determined using purposive method. The location of the research object is located in Jember Regency, Lumajang, and Malang. The research design is using descriptive and analytical survey method, while the sampling is done using Snowball Sampling method. The data analysis of this research is using: (1) Descriptive Analysis; (2) Revenue Analysis; and (3) Force implementation Analysis (FFA). The research result shows that: (a) The driving factors of the implementation of integrated management model of coffee and cocoa plantation are the variety of agricultural crops (plantation products, agricultural products, and livestock), while the inhibiting factors are weak networks among government institutions and stakeholders; and (b) The strategy of the implementation of management model are: (i) the role and participation of the community as managers; (ii) contribution from government and stakeholders; (iii) specific integrated plantation management; (iv) provision of facilities; (v) clarity of the implication of the model on local communities, tourists, and government. The implementation of the principles model can be operationalized, after it is agreed upon by stakeholders and if the models are ‘community-based’.
Consumer Preference of Packaged Rice and Bulk Rice in Surabaya
Authors: Widayanti Sri , Amir Indra Tjahaja , Indah Pawana Nur , Septya Fanny
Published: May 2020

This study aims to analyse consumer preference on the attributes of rice and describe the comparison of performance of packaged rice and bulk rice in the eyes of urban consumer. The method of this study uses survey on 100 respondents chosen purposively. The primary data that is obtained is analysed quantitatively using the attitude multi-attribute model from Fishbein. Based on the analysis result, it is known that expiration clarity is a positive attribute in both packaged rice and bulk rice, followed by the ease of obtaining in the bulk rice, and the contents in the packaged rice. The attributes with positive value indicates the key factor that determine consumer’s assessment in choosing certain rice brand. From the semantic differential comparison, it is found that branded packaged rice is generally better in attributes compared to bulk rice. According to the results, the efforts to increase rice agro-industrial in local farmer level are recommended, so that they can enjoy the benefits of the multi-attributes attached in the branded packaged rice that they produced.
The scale insect Coccus pseudomagnoliarum (Kuwana) (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Coccidae) on citrus in Greece
Authors: Stathas G.J. , Karipidis Ch.F.
Published: May 2020

Phenology and parasitism of the scale insect, Coccus pseudomagnoliarum (Kuwana) (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Coccidae), infesting Citrus sinensis (Rutaceae), were studied in Papagou area, in northeastern Athens, from June 2015 to June 2017. Coccus pseudomagnoliarum is a univoltine, viviparous, parthenogenetic species. It overwintered as settled 1st instar nymph on the shoots of the trees. The 2nd instar nymphs appeared between the beginning of April and the end of May, and the mature females were recorded from the beginning of May until the middle of June. The crawlers appeared between the middle of May and the middle of June and the 1st instar nymphs settled on the shoots at the end of May, where they remained during the whole summer period, winter, until the beginning of April next year. Parasitism of the scale was recorded between the beginning of May and the middle of May and reached a maximum rate of 35%. The recorded parasitoid species were Coccophagus shillongensis Hayat and Singh (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae), Coccophagus spp. and Metaphycus dispar (Mercet) (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae).
The comparative empirical analysis of the social protection system in selected Central and Eastern European countries: Emerging models of capitalism1
Authors: Maszczyk Piotr
Published: May 2020

This article analyzes the institutional architecture and the level of similarity between the social protection system in 11 new EU member states from Central and Eastern Europe and chosen Western European countries, representing four different models of capitalism identified by Amable. In the selected institutional area, a comparative analysis was performed, and based on it, similarity hexagons were created. They serve the purpose of comparing Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries with Western European countries of reference. The dynamic approach adopted in this study—two different time periods were compared—allows an analysis of path dependence and the evolution of institutional architecture over time. The analysis indicates that in 2014, in the area of social protection, almost all CEE countries, apart from Latvia and Romania, were most comparable to the Continental model of capitalism represented by Germany. Nevertheless, the variety of results for the individual variables (especially input and output variables) and substantial changes between 2005 and 2014 also show that the model of capitalism prevailing in Central and Eastern Europe in the area of the social protection system is evolving constantly at a very fast pace and thus currently may be called a hybrid or even patchwork capitalism.
Corruption and the Desire to Leave Quasi-Experimental Evidence on Corruption as a Driver of Emigration Intentions
Authors: Auer Daniel , Römer Friederike , Tjaden Jasper
Published: May 2020

Whether and to what extent corruption drives emigration has received growing attention in the literature in recent years, yet the nature of the relationship remains unclear. To test causal claims, we rely on representative global survey data of more than 280,000 respondents across 67 countries from 2010 to 2014. We use two different measures of emigration intentions and individual, as well as country-level measures of corruption, and propose to instrument the endogenous presence of corruption in a country with the prevalence of cashless transactions in the economy to correct for potential estimation bias. We find robust support for the hypothesis that corruption increases emigration intentions across countries. The effect, however, is likely to be underestimated in conventional models that do not account for endogeneity. The results highlight the need to look beyond purely economic, social, security-related, and environmental drivers when assessing the root causes of migration.
Detecting Visual Objects by Edge Crawling
Authors: Grycuk Rafał , Wojciechowski Adam , Wei Wei , Siwocha Agnieszka
Published: May 2020

Content-based image retrieval methods develop rapidly with a growing scale of image repositories. They are usually based on comparing and indexing some image features. We developed a new algorithm for finding objects in images by traversing their edges. Moreover, we describe the objects by histograms of local features and angles. We use such a description to retrieve similar images fast. We performed extensive experiments on three established image datasets proving the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Drug Thrombus Resulting in Superior Vena Cava Syndrome: A Case Report
Authors: Vanstraelen Stijn , Vandenbrande Jeroen , Yilmaz Alaaddin
Published: May 2020

Introduction

Superior vena cava syndrome is one of the more serious complications of central venous catheter insertion. Drug interactions of administered drugs used in association with these catheters can lead to formation of precipitations and consequently thrombus formation. These interactions can be either anion-cation or acid-base based and more commonly present in clinical practice than expected.

Case presentation

The case of a 31-year old female who was admitted to an intensive care unit with an intracranial haemorrhage, is presented. Occlusion of the superior vena cava was caused by a drug-induced thrombus, formed by the precipitation and clotting of total parenteral nutrition and intravenous drugs. Given the nature of the thrombus and a recent intracranial haemorrhage, the patient was treated with a central thrombectomy supported by a heparin-free extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.

Conclusion

Knowledge of drug interactions is crucial in order to heighten awareness for the dangers of concomitant drug administration, especially in combination with total parenteral nutrition in critically ill patients.
An Intentional Aconite Overdose: A Case Report
Authors: Wood Christopher , Coulson James , Thompson John , Bonner Stephen
Published: May 2020

Background

Aconite is one of the most toxic known herbs, widely used for centuries as an essential Chinese medicine, but also for deliberate poisoning throughout history. Clinically indicated in herbal medicine for a range of ailments from headaches to muscle spasm, unfortunately the narrow therapeutic window may lead to a range of toxic presentations. The mechanism of action of the pharmacologically active compounds in Aconite relate to the activation of voltage gated sodium channels within a range of tissue including myocardial, neuronal and smooth muscle leading to persistent cellular activity.

Case presentation

We report on a rare case of a fifty year old male with intentional aconite overdose presenting with refractory cardiovascular instability from persistent life threatening arrhythmias, respiratory failure and seizure activity.

Conclusion

An overview of Aconite, its history, pharmacological effects, treatment of overdose and outcomes is presented.
The Relationship between Blood Viscosity and Acute Arterial Occlusion
Authors: Erdoğan Güney , Yenerçağ Mustafa , Arslan Uğur
Published: May 2020

Background: Blood viscosity is a strong predictor of cardiovascular events. However, the relationship between blood viscosity and acute arterial occlusion (AAO) has not been studied adequately so far.

Objectives: The aim of the present study was to assess the relationship between whole blood viscosity (WBV) and AAO.

Material and methods: The study included 93 patients who were diagnosed with AAO between January 2017 and September 2019, and 90 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. WBV was assessed using a validated calculation formula derived from hematocrit and total plasma protein levels, both as a low (LSR) and a high (HSR) shear rate.

Results: There were no significant differences between the two groups in regards to the baseline characteristics, with the exception of smoking and LDL cholesterol levels. Subjects with AAO presented significantly higher WBV values both at LSR (32.2 ± 5.0 vs. 26.6 ± 5.0, p <0.001) and HSR (6.2 ± 0.3 vs. 5.7 ± 0.3, p <0.001). The ROC analysis revealed a cut-off value of 27.4 for WBV at LSR (sensitivity 66%, specificity 64%, AUC = 0.770, p <0.001) and a cut-off value of 5.29 in case of HSR (sensitivity 69%, specificity 74%, AUC = 0.801, p <0.001) for predicting AAO. Multivariate analysis, both LSR (OR 3.33, 95% CI: 1.20–9.43, p = 0.006) and HSR (p = 0.020, OR: 1.70, 95% CI: 1.020–1.123) were independent predictors of AAO.

Conclusions: This study demonstrated that WBV levels at both HSR and LSR are significantly higher in the AAO group than in the control subjects, indicating that an increased WBV may be associated with the development of AAO.
Knowledge Organization and Representation under the AI Lens
Authors: Qin Jian
Published: May 2020

Purpose

This paper compares the paradigmatic differences between knowledge organization (KO) in library and information science and knowledge representation (KR) in AI to show the convergence in KO and KR methods and applications.

Methodology

The literature review and comparative analysis of KO and KR paradigms is the primary method used in this paper.

Findings

A key difference between KO and KR lays in the purpose of KO is to organize knowledge into certain structure for standardizing and/or normalizing the vocabulary of concepts and relations, while KR is problem-solving oriented. Differences between KO and KR are discussed based on the goal, methods, and functions.

Research limitations

This is only a preliminary research with a case study as proof of concept.

Practical implications

The paper articulates on the opportunities in applying KR and other AI methods and techniques to enhance the functions of KO.

Originality/value:

Ontologies and linked data as the evidence of the convergence of KO and KR paradigms provide theoretical and methodological support to innovate KO in the AI era.