bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Comparative Study of Cooling Sources in Organic Rankine Cycle for Low-Temperature Geothermal Heat Sources
Authors: Daniarta Sindu , Kolasiński Piotr
Published: April 2022

Geothermal energy refers to ground heat sources exploited for many purposes (for example, generating electricity). A steam power plant, that uses water as a medium and operating on the Rankine cycle, is a prospective technology that can be used to generate electricity utilizing geothermal heat. However, due to the thermal properties of the applied working fluid, the steam power plant has the limitation that may not utilize cold source like liquefied dimethyl ether (DME) at the temperature of around -25 °C or the extreme one, like liquefied natural gas (LNG) at the temperature of around -160 °C. For this reason, it seems that RC using an organic working fluid (so-called ORC) is an appropriate technology to utilize heat sources of extremely low temperatures. Selected ORC working fluids are considered suitable to absorb the cold source. This paper reported the thermodynamic modelling analysis and a comparison of geothermal power systems exploiting air, water, LNG, and DME as the cooling medium of the ORC. The simple scheme of ORC is used for modelling, furthermore, the Trilateral Flash Cycle (TFC) is described as a comparative study. Thanks to the LNG technology, it is already mature enough, and the method of altering the phase into liquefied form is likely to store the energy (i.e., the power to liquid). In the liquefied form, natural gas can be easily distributed and transported at a certain distance. In this model system, the result shows that LNG and DME appear to be excellent options for increasing the operating range of ORC. The modelling result shows that combining propane (a working fluid inside the cycle) and LNG (a cooling source) has a wider operating range and is a good option to exploit low-temperature geothermal heat as a power generation system. Also, using DME for both cooling sources and the working fluid inside the geothermal power system employing ORC outperforms other ones. Taking advantage of using them as a cooling source is significantly boosting the potential deriving from low-temperature geothermal energy (i.e., below 90 °C) as promising sources in the future.
Geothermal Direct Use Alternatives in Mataloko to Increase Public Acceptance
Authors: Haykal Ahmad Azaria , Adityatama Daniel W. , Akram Rusdianto Muhammad , Mintorogo Pradana Gughy , Amanda Beryll Trisha , Vian Prasetyo Pradana , Rachmadani Annisa
Published: April 2022

The island of Flores has a lot of geothermal potentials, so it is often called the geothermal island. However, there have been many rejections on the island of Flores, one of which is in the Mataloko Geothermal Working Area (WKP). This can be problematic if future geothermal development is about to take place in Mataloko. One alternative that has been widely discussed to increase public acceptance is by developing a geothermal direct use facility that can give benefit to the local communities while at the same time give education regarding the geothermal resource and utilisation to them. The purpose of this study is to identify the potential geothermal direct use in Mataloko that can fulfil those objectives. The literature study was conducted, combined with the site visit to verify the desktop study result. Several alternatives for geothermal direct use in Mataloko have been identified based on the geothermal resource, availability of commodities, and the current condition of local communities and industries in the proximity of Mataloko Power Plant. This study is admittedly still in the preliminary stage and a more detailed feasibility study for each of the alternatives is required in the future.
Awi A-4 Comprehensive Well Evaluation for Successful Well Intervention Program
Authors: Dawud Hidayaturrobi Abu , Dwi Yudhistira Ardian , Prameswari Putri Risa , Taha Maulana Dimas , Miryani Saptadji Nenny , Ashat Ali
Published: April 2022

AWI A-4 well has the highest Non-Condensable Gas (NCG) content among other production wells in the Salak field with NCG content 10%-wt. NCG interference study indicated that AWI A-4 has the most substantial connection/interference to several surrounding high NCG wells. AWI A-4 encountered wellbore obstruction (scaling) in 2012, which increased the NCG content of surrounding wells and power plant Unit-4, causing generation loss. Another impact is steam supply reduction by 71.8 kg/s because of maintaining Unit-4 NCG content below its maximum Gas Removal System (GRS) capacity by 2%-wt. Wellbore scale clean out was conducted in 2015 but failed and even plugged the wellbore. A comprehensive evaluation of well AWI A-4 wellbore condition and well characterization was conducted involving a multidisciplinary team (Drilling, Reservoir, Production, Geochemistry) in order to obtain a better understanding of the main cause of well AWI A-4 wellbore plug then develop the proper method to clean the wellbore plug and improve wellbore accessibility. After evaluating well AWI A-4 wellbore condition comprehensively, a new scale clean out program was developed using rotojet Coiled Tubing Unit (CTU) in 2017 which was finally able to improve wellbore accessibility well AWI A-4 including NCG content reduction of surrounding high NCG wells and power plant Unit-4. This successful wellbore accessibility improvement has a positive impact on additional/incremental steam supply by 84.4 kg/s, including other steam supply projects delay and cancellation, so that reduce the company’s operational cost.
Social Impact Management of Land Clearing Process in Dieng 2 Sub-Project, PT Geo Dipa Energi (Persero)
Authors: Rivelino Duta Muhammad Reyno , Pratami Putri Yogandari Agdya , Aunurrofiq Muhammad , Riyan Suryansyah Ahmad , Hendri Hefi , Marza Supriadinata
Published: April 2022

PT Geo Dipa Energi (Persero) “GeoDipa” has planned to expand its electricity generation with additional 110 megawatts (MW), 55 MW at the existing Patuha geothermal plant in Ciwidey, Bandung Districts, West Java and 55 MW at the existing Dieng geothermal plant in Wonosobo and Banjarnegara Districts, Central Java. The Dieng 2 sub-project will construct a new power plant, sub-station, transmission lines and pipelines. The expansion of the existing Dieng geothermal plant will require land in total of 30.83 Ha. Of this, 30.53 Ha of land is already owned by GeoDipa while the remaining 3,010 m2 is privately owned land. This will be required for a 10 m wide and approximately 301 m long corridor to serve as the Right of Way (ROW) the construction of a new pipeline and access road from existing wellpad to the proposed site of the Dieng-2 power plant. This paper focuses on the social impact management of land clearing process, prepared for the proposed site of the Dieng-2 power plant. Approximately for 58,479 m2 area that used to be cultivated by 23 (twenty-three) farmers/croppers; located in Karangtengah Village, Batur Sub Districts, Banjarnegara Districts. Land Clearing means to overtake GeoDipa’s land and make use of it for the construction site of Dieng-2 power plant, and it has triggered involuntary resettlement. GeoDipa has avoided unanticipated involuntary resettlement potentially emerged during the process; and also reduced the social impact. The unanticipated involuntary resettlement was mitigated based on the Indonesia legal framework and lender’s policy.
Forestry Value for Health Status: An Ecological Review
Authors: Rizky Pratama M. , Safe’i Rahmat , Kaskoyo Hari , Febryano Indra Gumay
Published: April 2022

Community forest (HKm) is a social forestry scheme located in the country’s forests by empowering people around forest areas. Management carried out by communities around forests must enhance ecological aspects with sustainable forest management Forest health can be an option to support sustainable forest management. Through forest health assessment, one can find out the status, changes, and tendencies experienced by a forest. This research aims to find out the value of forest health status in community forest management Gapoktan Margo Rukun and Harapan Sentosa, KPHL Batu Tegi, Tanggamus Regency, Lampung. The stages of the implementation of this study are the determination of plot clusters, the collection of data on forest health indicators (productivity, biodiversity, vitality, and quality of the site), and the final assessment of forest health. This study obtained the value of forest health with a range of values of 3.30 – 8.75. The average health status value of the community is 5.95, which is in the moderate category. Thus, the value of health status community orangutans managed in the condition of medium forest health.
Mapping of Tree Health Categories in Community Forests in Lampung Province
Authors: Safe’i Rahmat , Upe Ambo
Published: April 2022

The sustainability of community forests in supporting various aspects of community life can be supported by maintaining their potential. One of them is through an assessment of the health of the trees. They know the condition of the damage and the actions that must be taken. The utilization of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) in assessing the health condition of the forest is very much needed to facilitate management through the health condition of a forest that is described spatially. The data analysis results showed 17 clusters of observation plots used in total. The cluster plots are spread over 5 clusters in good condition, and 1 cluster in lousy condition in East Lampung Regency. 6 clusters are in good condition, and 1 cluster is in moderate condition in Pesawaran Regency. And 2 clusters in good condition and 2 clusters in terrible condition in Tulang Bawang Regency. Overall, the average health condition of trees in community forests in Lampung Province is still in good condition. However, good management is needed to prevent the spread of damage from becoming more expansive. Preventive measures can be taken with good maintenance, pest eradication, and more organized harvesting. dilakukan dengan pemeliharaan yang baik salah satunya dengan pemberantasan hama penyakit serta pemanenan yang lebih terorganisir.
Landslide and Moving Ground Disasters in Sumurup Village, Trenggalek District, East Java, Indonesia: A Case Study
Authors: Isnaini R , Pandin M.G.R , Waloejo C.S , Sunyowati D.
Published: April 2022

The research aims to analyze the impact of disasters that occurred in the Trenggalek Regency, East Java, Indonesia. Method: Descriptive impact analysis is used as a research method to analyze disaster events in examining disaster risk factors and as a basis for early stage designs to reduce the impact of disasters. Result: The natural disasters in Trenggalek Regency are caused by high rainfall, and for its own territory. Trenggalek Regency is surrounded by mountains and steep slopes. When rain season happened, water seeps into the ground but is difficult to drain, as a result of which the cliffs are prone to landslides. The cliffs have a very high or extreme level of security, so that the level of vulnerability and vulnerability to landslides and landslides is very likely. Conclusion: The visible soil conditions indicate that the condition is prone to landslides, coupled with its geological location in the fault zone, as well as its rock structure consisting of volcanic rock. The high intensity of landslides was also caused by the high intensity of rain. The management disaster resilience applied to prepare people around village of Sumurup.
The Potential of Mocaf (Modified Cassava Flour) as Disaster Emergency Food
Authors: Pandin Moses Glorino Rumambo , Waloejo Christrijogo Sumartono , Sunyowati Dina , Rizkyah Isnaini
Published: April 2022

Based on data from the United Nations Agency for International Disaster Risk Reduction Strategy (UN-ISDR), Indonesia is designated as one of the countries most prone to disasters. The threat of disasters in the form of tsunamis, volcanoes, and also floods. Many needs are needed when a disaster occurs, one of which is food for disaster victims. With limited conditions, it is necessary to have food that is easily available and contains sufficient nutritional value and carbohydrates. These criteria can be obtained from processed flour from cassava, namely Mocaf flour (modified cassava flour) which can be processed into various forms of processed food. The purpose of this study was to determine the feasibility and nutritional content of Mocaf flour (modified cassava flour) as disaster emergency food. The methodology of study is a literature review with the keywords “Mocaf”, “Emergency food”, “Disaster Resilience” in several databases such as ProQuest, SAGE, Science Direct, Scopus, Springer link, and Google Scholar. The results of this study indicate that Mocaf flour (modified cassava flour) can be used as an emergency food as well as a source of carbohydrates when a disaster strikes. Mocaf flour (modified cassava flour) can be processed into various preparations such as snack bars, biscuits, and noodles which have high nutritional content, and are suitable as food ingredients during disaster emergencies.
Near Infrared Technology for Determining Cacao Pod Husk Quality Attributes as Animal Feed by means of PLSR Approach
Authors: Samadi  , Wajizah S , Zulfahrizal Z , Munnawar A A
Published: April 2022

Agro-industrial residues have been widely used as feedstuffs for animal production due to its abundant availability and relatively cheap. The aim of this study is to create a NIRS model in prediction of nutritive content’s cacao pod husk including dry matter, crude fat, and ash by means of partial least squares regression (PLSR) approach. This study utilized cacao pod husk acquisitioned by NIRS spectrum with the wavelength from 1000 to 2500 nm. Proximate analysis was applied to measure nutritive values of cacao pod husk. The result of the study indicated that NIRS technology by means of PLSR approach with the help of DT pretreatment can be used as sufficient model performance to predict nutritive values of cacao pod husk for crude fat, and ash with the value of 0.7 and 0.5 for r and R2 respectively. Meanwhile, the value for RMSEC was 0.3 and 0.7 and 1.5 for RPD. However, judging from prediction performance, current NIRS approach seems not to able to determine moisture content and dry matter due to lower R2 and r coefficient indexes. Thus, it required further spectra enhancement for a robust prediction. This study concluded that NIRS technology can be used as rapid and simultaneous model to predict nutritive values of feed samples.
Frass Production From Black Soldier Fly Larvae Reared On Palm Oil Wastes
Authors: Visvini L , Latifah O , Ahmed O H , Kurk W J
Published: April 2022

The availability of decanter cake (DC) and palm kernel expeller (PKE) from palm oil processing remains high owing to the major revenue earned from palm oil industry. Rearing black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) using DC and PKE as substrate to produce frass could solve the indiscriminate disposal of these wastes. Rearing BSFL was carried out by hatching the black soldier fly eggs in the trays size of 65 cm length x 37 cm width x 15 cm depth laid with processed soybean as starter diet for a week. After seven days, the DC and PKE were fed to the BSFL as main substrates and continued for another 38 days until the BSFL reached to pupae stage. Temperatures of the ambient and rearing substrate were monitored daily for 45 days. The frass of BSFL was analyzed for some selected physico-chemical properties and germination test to ascertain the quality of the BSFL frass to be used as organic fertilizer. Colour of the BSFL frass, electrical conductivity (EC), organic matter (OM), pH, total carbon (C), nitrogen (N), C/N ratio, ammonium, and nitrate contents were determined using standard procedures. Frass was produced at 45 days of rearing BSFL after which the larvae were turn to pupae. Frass consists of excretions, substrate residues, and shed exoskeletons of the BSFL. The pH of BSFL frass was 7.41, whereas the EC (1.21 mS/cm) was in the range of permissible level for its uses as organic fertilizer. The BSFL frass contain 1.68% total N, 8870.19 mg kg−1 ammonium, and 5453.20 mg kg−1 nitrate which were higher than those of initial mixture of the feeding substrate due to the decomposition process of the organic substrates which is related to the lower content of total OM (45.23%) and C (26.23%). Germination of white radish (test crop) on a distilled water and the different extractions of BSFL frass were not significantly different suggested that the frass produced from BSFL fed on DC and PKE had no toxic effects on plant. Decanter cake and PKE could be used as rearing substrate for BSFL to produce frass based on the appropriate values of pH, EC, total N, ammonium, nitrate, total organic matter and total organic C, and C/N ratio.
Prospects and Feasibility of Implementation of Agricultural Transformation for Food Crops on Sub Optimal Land in Ogan Ilir Regency, South Sumatra
Authors: Riswani  , Yunita  , Thirtawati
Published: April 2022

Agricultural transformation is currently being pursued in sub-optimal land areas, as an effort to increase agricultural production. Ogan Ilir Regency is one of the areas planned to carry out agricultural transformation. This study aims to analyze the prospects and feasibility of implementing agricultural transformation. This research is a survey that takes primary data which is processed and analyzed using various eligibility criteria from technical, market, social, environmental and financial feasibility aspects. From the technical aspect, it can be concluded that the implementation of agricultural transformation in this area is feasible with recommendations for the type of commodity, namely Lebak rice. In the market aspect, it is also feasible to implement but requires improvement of the marketing chain to be simpler through empowering farmer groups. In the social and environmental aspects, agricultural transformation which will have an impact on increasing job opportunities, improving and adding infrastructure, as well as developing community mindsets, knowledge, and skills. The results of the financial analysis complement the feasibility of agricultural transformation in this area, which is indicated by the NPV value of Rp. 74.312,570, B/C ratio of 2.88, with an IRR value of 34%, and a BEP value of 2,268 Kg.
Effect Of Different Sterilization Time On The Quality Properties and Sensory Acceptance Of Fishball Of Mackerel Fish (Rastrelliger Kanagurta) Packaged In Retort Pouch
Authors: Sarifudin A , Desnilasari D , Kristanti D , Setiaboma W , Putri D P , Surahman D N , Putri S K D F A , Santosa T , Gandara D , Mochamad M
Published: April 2022

Fishballpackaged in retort pouch can be an alternative toinstant product from fish. This research was intended to evaluate the effect of different sterilization times on the quality properties and sensory acceptance of fish ball from mackerel fish (Rastrelliger kanagurta) packaged in retort pouch. The result showed that fishballcan be sterilized at 121 °C for 10 min. Longer sterilization time produces a lower colour quality of the sterilized fish ball product. The texture of fishball can be preserved after 10 min sterilization at 121 °C. The fishball product is still acceptable sensorially after being sterilized at 10 min sterilization at 121 °C.
The Type of Seeds Did Not Alter The Quality of Potato Tuber in Four Processing Potato Varieties
Authors: Handayani T , Kusmana  , Sahat J P , Asgar A
Published: April 2022

Apical rooted cutting is a method to produce potato tuber seeds. This method used in potato tubers production as well. The experiment was conducted to evaluate the differences of potato tuber processing properties between those produced using tuber seeds and apical rooted cuttings in four processing potato varieties. Four main processing characteristics were analysed in the laboratory, were starch content, reducing sugar content, total soluble solid content, and specific gravity. As the result, four processing properties of potato tubers produced from cuttings were similar to those from tuber seeds. Whereas the differences between varieties occurred only in starch content and TSS content. This indicated that raw materials in the potato chips industry can be met by Medians, Spudy, as well Papita, not only Atlantik M. Therefore, apical rooted cuttings can be used as potato seeds in addition to tuber seeds in potato tuber production.
Shallot (Allium cepa L.) Planted In The Ts-of-RAMSAR-Classification Ecosystem Is Still Beneficial In The COVID-19 Treatment
Authors: Novriadhy D , Karenina T , Maryani S , Yesi D , Efriandi  , Defriyanti W T , Juairiyah O , Komalasari O
Published: April 2022

Rich in quercetin, shallot (Allium cepa L.) use is beneficial in controlling the COVID-19 pandemic since effective vaccines and pharmacotherapy are still in development. The study aimed to characterize functional groups of shallot tubers planted in the inorganic soil of the seasonal freshwater-wetland (IS-SFW)/Ts-of-RAMSAR-classification ecosystem. The shallot tubers that grew in IS-SFW for 60 days were manually harvested, sun-dried for seven days, and stored for two months before been pressed to produce sample juices. The peaks of wavenumber resulted from FTIR analysis were compared to the infrared database to determine possibly functional groups. The findings showed spectra changed in the fingerprint but not in the mid-IR other regions, indicated the IS-SFW did not affect functional groups beneficial in the COVID-19 treatment. The study concluded that shallot planted in IS-SFW is still beneficial in the COVID-19 treatment.
Non-Destructive In-Process Quality Evaluation Of Plant-Sourced Food During Drying
Authors: Nurkhoeriyati T , Sturm B , Hensel O
Published: April 2022

Plant-sourced food has a crucial role in the human food supply as the source of calories and many valuable micronutrient compounds that enhance a balanced and healthy lifestyle. However, a portion of food intended for human consumption produced globally become wastage per year because of a lack of proper processing and preservation technologies. Drying is one of the broadly utilised preservation technologies in plant-sourced food. Most drying studies focused on post-process evaluation on product quality; meanwhile, monitoring and controlling amid the drying process (in-process) is essential because these activities can improve the drying condition and optimise the end product’s quality. Furthermore, the non-destructive inspection method is essential in developing smart food processing units and can be more efficient, rapid, reduced sample waste, and environmentally friendly than traditional inspection methods. The authors also discuss the overview of quality parameters investigated during plant-sourced food drying with in-process and non-destructive quality evaluation techniques. Finally, the authors also discuss the prospects and challenges of the real-time and non-destructive quality evaluation application.
The Effect of Low Salt Concentration on The Quality of Dry Salted Anchovy: A Case Study of Sungsang Village, South Sumatera, Indonesia
Authors: Widiastuti I , Herpandi  , Oktavia Y , Putri D A
Published: April 2022

Sungsang village is well known as coastal village in South Sumatera, Indonesia. One of the products is salted dry anchovy. Salted dried anchovies are made without standard processes and produced the unequal product. This study objective is to evaluate the low salt concentration’s effect on characteristics of dried salted anchovy. The product was made by traditionally way at Bagan. The parameters were physical and chemical analyses include colour test, proximate, salt content; and sensory analysis parameters were appearance, flavor, texture, and colour. The treatments were 0%, 2.5%, 5%, 7.5% and 10% (brine) with 3 replications. The data analyses have been done by randomized block design ANOVA and Tukey’s HSD test. The result showed that low salt concentration have been significantly affected the yield, water, ash, protein and salt content. Otherwise, the treatments did not affect the colour and acid insoluble ash content. Based on the sensory analysis, the treatments also showed no significantly change on final product. The best product is 5% salt concentration (brine).
Impact Of Pestalotiopsis Leaf Fall Disease On Leaf Area Index and Rubber Plant Production
Authors: Alchemi P J K , Jamin S
Published: April 2022

Currently, Pestalotiopsis leaf fall disease caused by the fungus Pestalotiopsis microspora is commonly found in Indonesian rubber plantations. The rubber defoliation period usually occurs for 1 month as a response to drought during the dry season. However, due to this disease, the rubber defoliation period occurs gradually with an earlier fall. Leaf fall can cause a decrease in the number of plant canopy which affects the leaf area index and latex production. Therefore, this study was carried out to examine the effect of Pestalotiopsis leaf fall disease on the decrease in leaf area index and latex production. The study was carried out at the Experimental Garden of the Indonesian Rubber Research Institute, Sembawa, South Sumatra by observing disease severity in RRIC 100 and GT 1 clones, measuring leaf area index, and observing latex production for 1 year. The results showed that there was a strong correlation between an increase in the Pestalotiopsis leaf fall disease severity and a decrease in leaf area index. In addition, the decrease in leaf area index affects the decrease in latex production.
Suppression of Moler Disease on Shallot by Ziram Fungicide in South Sumatera Lowland
Authors: Karenina T , Novriadhy D , Defriyanti W T , Yesi D , Maryani S , Efriandi  , Juairiyah O
Published: April 2022

Planting shallots in lowland is constrained by the attack of plant diseases. Moler is most important diseases in shallots. The study aims to know suppression of moler diseases by ziram fungicide. The study was conducted on three types lands (peatlands, freshwater swamps and top soil) and two treatments (ziram treated and untreated). The results showed that the application of ziram fungicides was able to suppress the attack of moler disease on shallots ranges from 93-100 percent.
Comparison Of Growth Of Organic Tilapia From Selective Breeding Program, Fed With Organic Pellet Feed and Duckweed Under The Biofloc Farming System
Authors: Kitcharoen N , Poonnoy P
Published: April 2022

This study was conducted to compare the growth performance of organic tilapia from the selective breeding program, fed with organic pellet feed and duckweed under the biofloc farming system. A total of 100 full sib families with stocking weight 20.2 (7.54) g was randomly separated from each family and divided into two groups. Each group was stocked in four separates 2m by 2m by 1m cages, the cages were hanged in 64 m3 P.E. tank under biofloc system. The first group was fed with organic pellets (34% protein feed), for 4 replicates in the same tank. Another group was fed with duckweed, for 4 replicates in another same tank. After two months of rearing, the growths of organic tilapia from the selective breeding program fed with organic pellet feed and duckweed under the biofloc farming system were not significantly different (p>0.05) for both total weight and length. The total weight and length of organic tilapia fed with duckweed and organic pellet feed were 29.47 (23.55) and 29.09 (23.67) g, respectively. The main finding of the present study is that the duckweed can be used in a selective breeding program of Nile tilapia without altering the relative performance of the families. This finding is of benefit since it justifies the current trends of organic tilapia production.
Implementation of Regulation Processing Materials Standard Indonesian Rubber in South Sumatra
Authors: Nengyanti  , Putri Kintan Virinda
Published: April 2022

This study aims to determine the implementation of the Governor’s Regulation Number 4 of 2019 concerning Instructions for Processing and Marketing of Standard Indonesian Rubber Processing Materials Traded in South Sumatra Province and its variables. variables that affect the process of implementing this policy. This study uses a qualitative method with a descriptive research approach. The process of collecting data in the form of interviews, observations, and documentation. Source triangulation technique is used to check the validity of research data. The collected data is then analyzed using the theory of process or flow policy implementation proposed by Thomas B. Smith. The results show that this policy is still experiencing obstacles at the rubber farmer group level. There was a tension at the farmer group level with the applicable regulations. This is because traditional rubber farmer groups are still bound by debts and services to collectors or brokers of rubber processing materials, so they cannot join the Bokar Processing and Marketing Unit (UPPB) formed by the government. In addition, economic factors such as the need for additional costs to process rubber in accordance with the recommendations are difficult for low-income farmers to implement.
Electrical Performance of Dye Sensitized Solar Cell with the Extracts of Swamp Land Vegetation as Organic Dye Sensitizer
Authors: Tamrin  , Hersyamsi  , Hower H , Pratama F
Published: April 2022

The electrical performance of dye sensitized solar cell with the extract of swamp land vegetation was conducted based on the extracts of bluebell (Ruellia tuberosa L.), flowers of ulam raja (Cosmos caudatus Kunth), and leaves of water spinach (Ipomoea aquatica). The electrical characteristics of DSSC was different for each dye sensitizer. The difference in electrical characteristics of DSSCs in the range of lighting source intensity 445 W/m2 - 845 W/m2 generated from solar lighting sources is generally higher than that generated from halogen lamp. Efficiency (η) of the conversion of light into electricity produced by DSSCs whose lighting sources from halogen lamps tend to decrease with the decreasing intensity of lighting sources, except for extract leaves of water spinach. The efficiency of the conversion of light into electricity produced by DSSC for extract leaves of water spinach on halogen lamps with the intensity of lighting sources 445 W/m2, 205 W/m2, and 100 W/m2, respectively 0.284%; 0.483%; and 0.983%.
Backcrossing of BC3F2 Accession with Local Parents of Rice Plants which Resistance to Submergence Stress
Authors: Hasmeda M , Sulaiman F , Hamidson H , Bactiar A
Published: April 2022

The aims of this research was to know the introgression of Sub1 gene in BC4F1 which was backcrossed between BC3F2 with local parents. This reseach has been conducted in Green house of Agro Techno Park (ATC) and soaking tub at Sriwijaya University, Indralaya Ogan Ilir District. This research was conducted from September 2020 to March 2021. Rice seed of BC3F2 accessions of Pegagan and BC3F2 accessions of Pelita Rampak as male parents and two local genotypes of Pegagan and Pelita Rampak as female parents were used in this study. The methode being used during the research was backcrossing of local genotypes and accessions of BC3F2 to get accessions of BC4F1. Submergence tolerance was conducted during vegetative phase. The parameter being observed included percentage of crossing methods and number of rice seeds after backcrossing. While other parameters being obserbed included plant height, leaves Greenest, dry weight and growth analysis. The results showed that crossing between local genotyes and accession of BC3F2 showed that genotype of pelita rampak showed better growth after submergence indicated by better plant height, leaves greenest and growth analysis.
Management of Agricultural Equipment and Machinery to Increase Food Self-Sufficiency in Musi Rawas District, South Sumatra Province
Authors: Hasbi  , Tunggal T , Rahmaniar C
Published: April 2022

This study aimed to find out the feasibility and effectiveness as well as the role of UPJA in achieving its optimal objectives in the study area by comparing the conditions of the Service Units sourced from Minister of Agriculture Regulation No. 25 of 2008. This research was conducted in Musi Rawas District, South Sumatra Province. This research was carried out from October to November 2019. Parameters to be observed in this study included the availability of the number of equipment, the rental price of farm machinery and equipment, operational performance of the farm machinery and equipment Service Business, and the UPJA development strategy. The results of this study were the management of UPJA in the irrigation area of Musi Rawas District, South Sumatra Province, which was still classified as a beginner based on a comparison of the Minister of Agriculture Regulation No. 25 of 2008 because it had not fulfilled various aspects, especially technical, economic and training management. UPJA was expected to increase income and prosperity of communities in rural areas by increasing productivity and food self-sufficiency. The UPJA’s organizational structure was formed with the objective to divide and carry out its role properly so that it can develop into productive through business activities. High tolerance levels in the study area resulted in the owners of rice fields choosing to use human power than using farm machinery and equipment.
Growth and Yield of Several Red Chilli (Capsicum Annuum L.) Peat-Strains on Peat Soil
Authors: Susilawati  , Irmawati  , Ammar Muhammad , Harun M. Umar , Syukur Muhamad , Bastoni  , Novitasari
Published: April 2022

The study was aimed to evaluate agronomic characters of growth and yield of red chili peat-strains grown on peat soil with the application of chicken manure. The study was conducted in Talang Kelapa, Palembang Lat S-2°55’“Long E 104°41’”. Factorial randomized block design was used with 2 factors and 3 replicates. The first factor was chili strains consisting of G1 = Strain 1 (F10120005-141-16-35-1-3); G2 = Strain 3 (F10120005-141-16-35-7-1); and G3 = Strain 4 (F10120005-241-2-9-4-4). While the second factor was chicken manure dosage, P0 = control (without chicken manure); P1 = 10 tons/ha (250 grams/polybag); and P2 = 20 tons/ha (500 grams/polybag). Parameters observed were plant height, leaf number, root shoot ratio, plant fresh and dry weight, leaf area, flowering age, fruit weight, fruit diameter and estimated production per hectare. Results showed that the addition of chicken manure on peat soil had a good effect on growth and production of the red chili peat-strains. G3 (Strain 4= F10120005-241-2-9-4-4) showed the best response to the application of 20 tons/ha (500 grams/polybag) of chicken manure. The combination of P2G3 treatments (20 tons/hectare in G3) resulted in the highest production with an estimated yield of 2.56 tons per hectare.
The Effects of Rhizobium Inoculation On The Growth Of Rice (Oryza Sativa L.) and White Radish (Raphanus Sativus L.)
Authors: Nguyen P M , Nguyen H T , Le H T T , Nguyen L B , Tran P H , Dinh Y B , Nguyen T K N , Nguyen M H
Published: April 2022

The utilization of chemical fertilizers in agriculture production could cause harmful effects on human health and the environment, therefore the development and application of biofertilizers produced from beneficial microorganisms like plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria have been increasingly encouraged. The present study investigated the effects of the inoculation of the two Rhizobium pusense strains (R. pusense GCB108 and R. pusense GCB117) on the growth of the young rice plant (Oryza sativa L.) and white radish (Raphanus sativus L.). The results showed that the inoculation of the two R. pusense strains affected the growth of rice and white radish considerably. On day 7, the shoot length of Oryza sativa L. grown on the medium inoculated with the R. pusense GCB108 and GCB117 was 22.3 ± 0.42 cm and 21.6 ± 2.26 cm, respectively, while that recorded in the control sample (without bacterial inoculation) was only 18.25 ± 1.06 cm. On day 9, the shoot length of Raphanus sativus L. grown under the hydroponic condition and inoculated with the R. pusense GCB108 and GCB117 was 12.68 ± 1.22 cm and 13.69 ± 1.47 cm, respectively, while that recorded in the control sample was much lower (9.04 ± 1.86 cm). Moreover, the inoculation of R. pusense GCB108 and GCB117 also restricted the growth of the rice pathogen Pseudomonas oryzihabitans RL01 in the rice rhizosphere. Furthermore, the results from the biophysiological assay showed that both two strains R. pusense GCB108 and GCB117 could grow under a salinity environment (salt concentration of 3%) and a wide range of pH conditions (pH 5 – 11). The study demonstrates the importance of the R. pusense GCB108 and GCB117 inoculation in the growth of rice and white radish and suggests the potential application of those two strains in biofertilizer production to improve soil quality and stimulate plant growth, contributing to sustainable agriculture development.
Propagation Of Entomopathogenic Bacteria Bacillus Thuringiensis In Various Agricultural Waste and Its Effectivity Against Oryctes Rinoceros (Coleoptera:Scarabaeidae)
Authors: Pujiastuti Y , Hendrawansyah  , Hendarjanti H
Published: April 2022

Oryctes rhinocerosis an important pest on oil palm plantations, from immature plants to mature plants. Due to the long life cycle of Oryctes, control is not only aimed at the imago but also the larvae. Control using entomopathogenic bacteriumBacillus thuringiensisis expected to overcome this problem. The materials used as a medium for propagation are agricultural waste that is easy to obtain, cheap and safe for the environment. The research objective was to study the use of agricultural waste on growth ofB. thuringiensisand its effectiveness against Oryctes larvae. The results showed bio-urine media enriched with 5% molasses produced the highest spore density compared to other media. The highest mortality rate of Oryctes larvae was 70% inB. thuringiensistreatment which was produced in bio-urine medium enriched with 5% molasses. Weight of Oryctes larvae reflects number of dead larvae. The more that die, the greater the difference in body weight.B. thuringiensiscan be produced in a variety of agricultural waste media and was found to be effective in controlling Oryctes larvae.
Utilization of Cuttlefish Bone as The Alternative Source of Heterogenic Alkali Catalyst
Authors: Herpandi  , Widiastuti I , Wulandari  , Aldino M R
Published: April 2022

This research aims to determine characteristic of heterogeneous alkali catalyst which produced from cuttlefish bone. The catalyst was made by calcination process at 800 °C for 4 hours. The characterization was done by XRD (X-ray diffractometer) and SEM-EDS (Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Dispersive X-ray). XRD result showed heterogeneous alkali catalyst from cuttlefish bone have high crystallinity with lime mineral phase. In comparison with calcium oxide powder, the cuttlefish bone catalyst has the highest crystallites (6000) than calcium oxide powder (4000). SEM-EDS result showed the microstructure of cuttlefish bone heterogeneous base catalyst morphologically have dissimilar particle shape and size comparing to tohor lime heterogeneous base catalyst. Cuttlefish bone catalyst particle size is smaller than catalyst from tohor lime. Morphologically showed the difference is cuttlefish bone catalyst has tidy-clots form while tohor lime catalyst has slab-shaped. These particle shape and size will affect to catalyst properties, which smaller particle size will be affected to effectivity of catalyst activity. From EDS result showed main mineral compound of cuttlefish bone catalyst is calcium attain 93%.
An NFT (Nutrient Film Technique) Hydroponic Irrigation System design Using Various Gutter Slopes On Pakcoy Plants (Brassica rapa L.)
Authors: Puspitahati  , Trianita M , Purnomo R H
Published: April 2022

This research aims to design irrigation systems an NFT hydroponic with various gutters slope on pakcoy plants (Brassica rapa L.). This research was conducted in October 2020 to March 2021 at greenhouse of Agricultural Engineering Study Program, Department of Agricultural Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Sriwijaya University. This research method used observation method. The observed paramaters were plant water need, the uniformity of irrigation water, the uniformity of electrical conductivity, and the uniformity of water flow the thickness and the production of pakcoy plants at NFT using slope of gutters 4%, 6%, and 8%. The results shown that the highest average value of irrigation water uniformity at a gutter slope of 8% was 93.44%. The highest average value of electrical conductivity uniformity of gutters at 8% slope was 99.45%. The highest average value of water thickness uniformity in the three guttering treatment at 8% gutter slope was 89.91%. The weight of crop production at a slope 8% was 3,184 g roots and 2,189 g of plants without roots. Plant water needs in the initial period of growth was 2.43 mm/day, the middle period of growth was 3.42 mm/day, and the final period of growth was 4.95 mm/day.
Population Characteristic of Carcinoscorpius Rotundicauda in The Northern Coast of Rangsang Island, Riau
Authors: Setyawatiningsih S C , Hadis M , Ningsih A F , Himawan B D
Published: April 2022

Carcinoscorpius rotundicauda is often found in mangrove areas and is known as mangrove horseshoe crab. The crab is a common species that was abundantly caught by fishermen but currently, it has been said to be declining. The study aimed to estimate the population density and sex ratio of C. rotundicauda. In addition, it is necessary to know the local community’s perception of the horseshoe crab. The study was conducted from March to April 2021 in the northern coast of Rangsang Island of Riau Province. Sampling was carried out using 100x1m nets at 5 selected stations. The crabs were enumerated, marked, and released. People’s perception of C. rotundicauda was obtained by using a questionnaire method. The population density of the crabs in the northern coast of Rangsang Island is 0.026/m2. The sex ratio is 1.67. Public perception of horseshoe crabs is low so it is necessary to socialize the conservation of horseshoe crabs there.
How Sri Lankan Farm Households Intend to Reduce the Risk of Developing the Chronic Kidney Disease of Unknown Cause Prevalent in Their Communities
Authors: Jayaweera Anuradha , Inaoka Tsukasa , Fujimura Miho
Published: April 2022

A chronic kidney disease (CKDu), independent of known causes, such as diabetes and hypertension, is emerging as an epidemic in certain agrarian regions of the developing world. Given the unprecedented incidence of the disease among farm households, in the North Central Province (NCP) of Sri Lanka, CKDu is considered a public health emergency. Ever since the disease was first reported over two and a half decades ago, both local and international research communities have taken significant efforts to reveal the aetiology of the disease. Although the causes of the disease still remain unrevealed, much of the research findings supports a set of environmental and behavioural risk factors that are deemed to be associated with the occurrence and progression of the disease. To encourage healthy behaviours such as consumption of safe, uncontaminated water that minimise the deemed risk factors, several health extension programs have been launched in the high-risk areas of the NCP. However, according to reports, the programs have not achieved the expected success due to non-compliance of the people of the target population. Under a context of uncertainty of proven facts, the effectiveness of such programs and compliance of people to risk reduction behaviour is brought into question by two interrelated socio-cognitive concerns. One concern raises the importance of knowing how the people living in epidemic areas perceive and interpret the disease in terms of causes and risk preventive methods. The second concern being the socio-cognitive determinants that may prevent people from adopting the expected risk reduction behaviour. Highlighting the importance of the above knowledge gap, this study attempts to understand how an agrarian population in Sri Lanka, vulnerable to CKDu, perceive the disease as a health risk. The study further explores, how their psycho-social beliefs structure preventive behaviour against the unknown disease under a context of uncertainty. To achieve the latter objective, the study refers to a theoretical framework based on an extended Protection Motivation Theory.
Compatibility, Effectiveness and Sustainability of Grass-Root Collaboration in Promoting Environmental and Natural Resource Conservation (An Evaluative Analysis)
Authors: Susilo Rachmad Kristiono Dwi
Published: April 2022

Environmental and natural resource conservation requires collaborative works among the actors who care about environment and natural resources. The objective of research is to evaluate collaboration viewed from compatibility, effectiveness, efficiency, and sustainability. The method used was qualitative research type with participatory evaluation. Meanwhile, data collection was obtained through in-depth interview and observation, document study, and FGD (Focus Group Discussion). Sampling was conducted using purposive sampling technique, in which the actors involved in collaborative work for environment and natural resource conservations. Batu City, East Java was selected to be the location of research, recalling that collaborative activities develop in this city. The findings of research are explained as follows. Collaborative actors are campus, community, and non-government organization. Collaboration is manifested into campaign and education. Incentive, form, social learning, and multiplayer effect are the character of collaboration. Incentive includes restlessness and shared interest in environment conservation.. Social learning gives the actors an opportunity to cooperate with each other and multiplayer effect character is that one activity will be followed with the next activity. Some activities are not implemented with without matured plan. Evaluation finds the strengths of collaboration are conservation activity in accordance with the people’s need, and effectiveness and efficiency (being executed well), while its weakness collaboration contains minimum creativity, thereby degrading. The character of subsistent community leads to the difficulty in infusing knowledge and expectation as the sustainable grass-root movement. Consequently, collaborative activity keeps away from grass-root environment that controls the state policy.
Peatlands Restoration Policies in Indonesia: Success or Failure?
Authors: Wicaksono Agung , Zainal
Published: April 2022

This paper describes and analyzes the peatland restoration policy undertaken by the Indonesian government. The Indonesian government has since implemented the first phase of peatland restoration in 2016-2020. It can be said that the restoration of the peatland area of 2.4 million hectares faces several problems. One of the main problems is the unsuccessful restoration of peatlands in the company’s concession areas. Companies that are obliged to restore peatlands in their concessions do not comply with regulations set by the government. As the program’s leader, the Peatland Restoration Agency is powerless to do much because its authority extends only to supervising the company’s concession area. Restoration of peatlands outside the concession area (cultivated land and protected forest) can be satisfied because the government can directly restore these peatlands. This paper uses various reliable document sources as the primary data source, which becomes material for analysis.