bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Uncertainty, turbulence and scenarios
Authors:   University of Oxford, Ramírez Rafael , Forssell Madeleine ,   NormannPartners
Published: February 2025

Uncertainty is a precondition for our choices to have meaning, but we like to think we have adaptive capacities to deal with the surprises and opportunities uncertainty entails. The turbulent field was defined in 1965 by Emery and Trist as the most uncertain causal texture a system could be in, though the more uncertain hyper-turbulent and vortical fields have been considered since. Peoples’ experience of the uncertainty in turbulence is moderated by the adaptive capacities they perceive they can mobilize, both individually and collectively. In turbulence, pre-existing adaptation possibilities are overwhelmed for the individual system. Turbulence for a system arises because its broader contextual environment and its constituent parts become highly inter-linked and the resulting complexity and the uncertainty it produces overwhelms that system’s response capability, as happened in the recent financial crises - the demise of Lehman Brothers, the Icelandic and Irish melt-downs, the even questioning the Euro’s viability. In a turbulent world, scenarios are helpful navigators of the uncertainties of such futures for systems in it. The values that scenarios can surface, test, and contest contribute to create new collective certainty for those that participate in their production, pushing turbulence back and re-constructing a more stable ground for decision making and investing.
Intermediación y confianza
Authors:   Amherst College, Kingston Christopher
Published: February 2025

En una comunidad tradicional de comerciantes en la que dos comerciantes realizan transacciones ocasionalmente, y tienen la oportunidad de hacer trampa, el intercambio comercial se realiza siempre y cuando la información sobre la reputación de los comerciantes pueda circular dentro del grupo. Sin embargo, en muchas situaciones, la capacidad para desarrollar la reputación es limitada. Este trabajo estudia cómo los intermediarios («corredores») pueden ayudar a mantener la cooperación eliminando la necesidad de que los comerciantes dispongan de información sobre cada uno de los demás. En vez de confiar en los demás comerciantes, con quienes sólo se comercia ocasionalmente, las partes depositan su confianza en el corredor con quien se relacionan con frecuencia. Para ilustrar esta cuestión, investigamos el papel que desempeña el intermediario en las transacciones con soborno.
Viejos y nuevos institucionalismos bajo el prisma del individualismo institucional
Authors:   Universidad de Valencia, Toboso López Fernando
Published: February 2025

¿Han de elaborarse los análisis institucionalistas necesariamente sobre las concepciones del «individualismo metodológico» o sobre las del «holismo metodológico» en sus diversas versiones? Existe una vía intermedia entre las dos anteriores a la que Agassi en 1960 se refirió de manera pionera con el nombre de «individualismo institucional». Este trabajo muestra que las tres reglas que definen dicho método están siendo adoptadas, explícita o implícitamente, por cada vez más investigadores adscritos a diferentes corrientes de análisis económico institucional. Ello no significa afirmar que se esté produciendo necesariamente algún tipo de convergencia entre diferentes corrientes, ni que dicha convergencia sea algo deseable. El trabajo concluye afirmando que las tres reglas que conforman el «individualismo institucional » permiten elaborar análisis metodológico y empíricamente menos extremos y más persuasivos, que los tradicionales análisis sistémicos y los provenientes del individualismo reduccionista.
Abstract
El impacto de la ayuda internacional sobre la calidad de las instituciones
Authors:   Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Alonso José Antonio , Garcimartín Carlos ,   Universidad Rey Juan Carlos
Published: February 2025

Diversos trabajos han puesto de manifiesto que la ayuda al desarrollo puede tener un efecto perverso sobre la calidad institucional y el propio desarrollo de los países que la reciben, dando lugar a una especie de «maldición» de la ayuda. En opinión de los autores, sin embargo, esta literatura muestra dos fallos. En primer lugar, en ninguno de los trabajos se efectúa una investigación previa sobre los factores determinantes de la calidad institucional, lo que da lugar a un importante problema de variables omitidas. En segundo lugar, no se contempla la posibilidad de que existan rendimientos decrecientes en la ayuda. El objetivo del presente trabajo consiste en corregir estas deficiencias mediante una estimación propia. La conclusión fundamental es que, una vez que la variable «ayuda» se controla mediante los determinantes de la calidad institucional, la incidencia es positiva pero con rendimientos decrecientes.
Análisis de la organización interna de la industria. Una aplicación a la industria vitivinícola en la Denominación de Origen Calificada Rioja
Authors:   Universidad de La Rioja, Salazar Terreros Idana , Galve Górriz Carmen Galve Górriz ,   Universidad de La Rioja
Published: February 2025

El objetivo de este trabajo, realizado con datos suministrados por el Consejo Regulador de la Denominación y relativos al año 2007, es analizar la configuración interna de la industria vitivinícola en el ámbito de la Denominación de Origen Calificada Rioja desde una doble perspectiva: horizontal y vertical. Los análisis efectuados muestran que se trata de una industria dominada por las grandes empresas y que los agentes que participan en la Denominación actúan de forma especializada en las distintas etapas del ciclo productivo. También se observa que, como consecuencia de esta especialización y con el objetivo de completar las distintas etapas en las que participan, los agentes efectúan transacciones entre sí o se asocian en forma de cooperativas.
The political economy of property rights
Authors:   University of California, Libecap Gary D.
Published: February 2025

Even though the assigning of the formal property rights are the most obvious response to externalities involving the environment and natural resources, they typically are not the first action taken. Indeed, they often are the last, coming only after a crisis. Why is that? One reason is that property rights are costly to define. Property rights involve political costs because they define ownership and hence a distribution of wealth, status, and political influence. As a result, they often are controversial and political risk leads politicians to delay in assigning rights. A crisis can resolve distributional disputes by making the benefits of taking action or the costs of not doing so clearer. For this reason, it may be efficient and politically understandable why property rights are adopted late.
La calidad del empleo de las entidades de la economía social en período de crisis
Authors:   Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Calderón Beatriz , Calderón María José ,   Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha
Published: February 2025

En 2009, las empresas comprendidas en la llamada «economía social» han sido capaces de crear empleo en un contexto marcado por la fuerte destrucción de empleo en la economía española. El objetivo del trabajo es analizar las características del empleo de las entidades pertenecientes a la economía social y demostrar que la mayor calidad y flexibilidad en el empleo de estas entidades es clave a la hora de afrontar situaciones de recesión. Aunque las fuentes de datos oficiales presentan limitaciones claras, el análisis llevado a cabo confirma la mayor calidad del empleo en la economía social a partir de algunas dimensiones críticas del mismo como igualdad de género, flexibilidad, seguridad, inclusión, diversidad y no discriminación.
La gestión de la crisis en la Corporación Mondragon
Authors:   Mondragon Unibertsitatea, Elortza Naroa , Alzola Izaskun ,   Mondragon Unibertsitatea, López Urko ,   Mondragon Unibertsitatea
Published: February 2025

Las cooperativas han venido adquiriendo una gran relevancia en el ámbito empresarial, convirtiéndose en entidades económicas de importancia. Asimismo han demostrado ser una alternativa real ante los efectos negativos de la crisis, dado su compromiso entre los cooperativistas y el entorno geográfico en el que se desenvuelven. En el caso de las cooperativas de la Corporación Mondragon, ese compromiso se traduce en el cumplimiento de sus valores y principios cooperativos. El presente estudio analiza las estrategias adoptadas por las cooperativas de la Corporación Mondragon para hacer frente a la crisis. Se describirá el impacto socioeconómico de sus políticas, sus modelos de gestión y mecanismos de intercooperación del grupo y su relación con los principios cooperativos.
La estrategia de multilocalización internacional de la Corporación Mondragon
Authors:   Mondragon Unibertsitatea, Luzarraga José María , Irizar Iñazio ,   Mondragon Unibertsitatea
Published: February 2025

El artículo analiza la estrategia de multilocalización productiva internacional de la Corporación Mondragon durante el periodo 1999-2009, como un caso de innovación cooperativa hacia una globalización centrada en la persona. Con ello, busca defender el empleo y la competitividad en las cooperativas matrices, y crecer en el exterior. El artículo muestra la idoneidad de la estrategia de multilocalización productiva de las cooperativas hasta hoy y finaliza con una breve reflexión de las posibles claves para afrontar los retos actuales.
Deciphering tensions in the development of co-operatives: insights from the Montréal School on co-operative management
Authors:   HEC Montréal, Malo Marie-Claire , Vézina Martine ,   HEC Montréal, Audebrand Luc ,   HEC Montréal
Published: February 2025

The authors analyze the tensions in co-operative development by drawing upon the works of the Montréal school of thought on co-operative management, the first contributions of which date to the creation of the Centre for Co-operative management at HEC Montréal in 1975. They suggest that the study of tensions represents a distinctive trait of this school of thought, and that this specificity has global implications for the co-operative movement. The tensions in co-operative development are presented in order of their appearance in the co-operative life cycle and are classified according to their nature. The contribution of this school fills a gap in the study of co-operatives where the diachronic analysis is less developed than the synchronic one. In addition, this allows the authors to show the turning point at which small and large cooperatives diverge. Similarly, the reactions to the tensions are analyzed to offer, in the end, an integrative frame that may be useful to co-operative developers.
¿Por qué los españoles son (moderadamente) autonomistas? Las ganancias regionales de eficiencia y la preferencia por la autonomía
Authors:   Unviersidad de Zaragoza, López Laborda Julio , Rodrigo Fernando ,   Universidad de Zaragoza
Published: February 2025

En este trabajo se contrasta la hipótesis de que la preferencia de los ciudadanos por la fórmula autonómica de organización del Estado está directamente condicionada por el reconocimiento por los mismos de la existencia de ganancias de eficiencia derivadas de la descentralización. Con esa finalidad, se estima un modelo Probit ordenado, para la base de datos constituida por el Barómetro número 2.610 del Centro de Investigaciones Sociológicas, de diciembre de 2005. La variable dependiente refleja el modelo de organización territorial preferido por el ciudadano (de la centralización a la independencia) y las variables explicativas, la valoración por cada individuo de la gestión realizada por los gobiernos autonómicos, además de algunas variables de control. La estimación se realiza, primero, sin considerar la estructura jerarquizada de los datos, y posteriormente se complementa con un análisis multinivel. En los ejercicios realizados se confirma que la opinión mostrada por la gestión del sector público autonómico determina la preferencia de los ciudadanos por la organización descentralizada del Estado.
Inmigración, Estado de bienestar y gobierno multinivel en España
Authors:   Instituto de Políticas y Bienes Públicos (IPP), Moreno Fuentes Francisco Javier
Published: February 2025

La transformación de España en país de inmigración masiva ha tenido un considerable impacto social y demográfico, y planteado retos difíciles a los sistemas de protección social. El Estado de bienestar español ha ido adaptándose respondiendo bien a esta evolución de la población, pese a que persistan problemas de cobertura y de adaptación a las demandas y necesidades cambiantes. La articulación de responsabilidades políticas y financieras derivadas de estos procesos en un contexto de gobiernos multinivel (autonómicos y locales) ha planteado una serie de retos adicionales, particularmente en relación al reparto de los costes y beneficios derivados de un incremento poblacional desigualmente distribuido. El contexto de fuerte crisis económica actual incrementa el riesgo de politización del fenómeno migratorio y puede contribuir al cuestionamiento de los programas de protección social.
Enseñanza de lectoescritura: propuesta del método global para fortalecer habilidades lingüísticas
Authors: Alvarado Mieles Mirian Elizabeth
Published: February 2025

Las habilidades lingüísticas son necesarias en el desarrollo humano dado que permiten fortalecer procesos cognitivos de mayor complejidad. Para ello, el docente debe estar capacitado en estrategias metodológicas innovadoras. No obstante, en Ecuador se han evidenciado falencias en la lectoescritura. De lo anterior, surge como objetivo principal: diseñar una estrategia metodológica basada en el método global para la mejora de la lectoescritura en los estudiantes de la Escuela de Educación General Básica Juan León Mera. Para ello, se aplicó una encuesta para estudiantes y una guía de observación para la unidocente. De los resultados se infiere que existen falencias en torno a la comprensión y expresión del lenguaje. Por ello, se identificaron las áreas de oportunidad y se planteó una propuesta de estrategia metodológica basada en el método global a través de la planificación, ejecución y monitoreo de tres sesiones educativas. Entre estas se recomienda el desarrollo de la vocalización de fonemas, la formulación de oraciones y el fortalecimiento de la memoria auditiva. En conclusión, las estrategias metodológicas basadas en el método global permiten promover la mejora de la lectoescritura en los estudiantes de la Escuela de Educación General Básica Juan León Mera.
La gestión ambiental del estudiante universitario en la carrera Cultura Física
Authors: Acosta García Odelaisy , Crespo Zafra Lourdes Mariana , Ochoa Balcázar Mónica Araceli , Núñez Núñez Gladys Estela
Published: February 2025

La gestión ambiental del estudiante universitario en la carrera Cultura Física
O IMPACTO DA TELESSAÚDE NA MACRO JEQUITINHONHA
Authors: Oliveira Fernanda de Paula Pereira , Cruz Amanda Aparecida Silva , Barbosa Bárbara Ribeiro , Pereira Carlos Fágner da Silva , Guedes Helisamara Mota , Vieira João Paulo Ribeiro , Simões Mariana Roberta Lopes , Lara Maristela Oliveira , Silva Sabrina Mayara Veloso , Silva Santa Irene de Meira e , Ribeiro Liliane da Consolação Campos
Published: February 2025

A telessaúde conecta serviços de saúde a populações em áreas remotas, proporcionando consultas, diagnósticos e prevenção de doenças com o uso de tecnologias digitais. O Vale do Jequitinhonha, marcado por desafios socioeconômicos e escassa mão de obra especializada, tornou-se um cenário ideal para a aplicação do projeto Saúde Digital Móvel da UFVJM. Este programa oferece telediagnósticos cardiológicos, oftalmológicos e teleconsultas dermatológicas, possibilitando acesso a cuidados especializados sem a necessidade de deslocamentos para centros urbanos. Entre março de 2023 e dezembro de 2024, 7.483 atendimentos foram realizados, com destaque para telediagnósticos em cardiologia (3.220), oftalmologia (3.106) e teleconsultorias dermatológicas (1.157). O uso de tecnologias como eletrocardiogramas, retinografias e teledermatologia contribuíram para o diagnóstico precoce e monitoramento de doenças crônicas, além de educação continuada para profissionais de saúde. A satisfação dos usuários foi avaliada pelo Customer Satisfaction Score (CSAT), medindo aspectos como qualidade do atendimento e tempo de espera. Este estudo reforça a relevância da telessaúde como estratégia para ampliar a equidade no acesso à saúde e otimizar recursos. O projeto Saúde Digital Móvel apresenta-se como uma inovação relevante para a transformação digital do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), buscando superar desigualdades no Vale do Jequitinhonha e servir como modelo para outras regiões vulneráveis.
EXPLORING CLUSTERING PATTERNS OF GENDER, STREAM OF STUDY, RESIDENCE, AND INTERNET ADDICTION USING TWO STEP CLUSTERING METHOD
Authors:   Rajendra Academy for Teachers' Education,  West Bengal, India, Pal Indranil
Published: February 2025

The study: The present study is conducted on internet addiction in Birbhum district. 213 Higher Secondary students are taken as sample by simple random sampling.
Methodology: Descriptive survey method is followed for the present work. Two step clustering technique is used to categorize students.
Findings: Seven clusters were formed. Gender, residence and stream of study were the major predictors of the clusters.
Upaya Meningkatkan Kesejahteraan Masyarakat Melalui Pemeriksaan Kesehatan di Batuaji
Authors: Harsachatri Deasy Ovi , Nurlaili Nurlaili , Jannah Mifthahul , Pratiwi Astrid Siska , Arfan Alya Rahmaditya , Novia Novia , Putri Riska Dwi
Published: February 2025

Kesehatan merupakan salah satu aspek utama dalam mewujudkan kesejahteraan masyarakat. Program pemeriksaan kesehatan gratis menjadi salah satu upaya strategis untuk meningkatkan kualitas hidup masyarakat, khususnya di wilayah Batu Aji. Artikel ini membahas pelaksanaan pemeriksaan kesehatan yang meliputi deteksi dini penyakit, edukasi kesehatan, dan pemberian layanan konsultasi medis. Program ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat akan pentingnya menjaga kesehatan, mendeteksi masalah kesehatan secara dini, serta memberikan akses pelayanan kesehatan bagi kelompok masyarakat yang kurang mampu. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan antusiasme tinggi dari masyarakat Batu Aji, dengan tingkat partisipasi yang signifikan. Dampak positif berupa peningkatan pengetahuan kesehatan dan deteksi dini masalah kesehatan diharapkan dapat berkontribusi pada kualitas hidup yang lebih baik. Artikel ini menyoroti pentingnya kolaborasi antara tenaga kesehatan, institusi, dan masyarakat dalam menciptakan komunitas yang lebih sehat dan sejahtera.
Epilepsy (Mirgi) Among Adults of Muzaffarabad: An Anthropological Perspective
Authors: Ayesha Habib Khan  , Noor-ul-Ain Gillani
Published: February 2025

Epilepsy is a neurological disorder characterised by recurrent seizures. In south Asia, particularly in Pakistan and India, it is commonly referred to as “Mirgi” which means “small death”, (Ad Mua) – often surrounded by cultural beliefs and misconceptions. Therefore, this anthropological study attempts to examine the cultural perceptions, lived experiences, and coping strategies of adults with epilepsy in Muzaffarabad, Azad Kashmir. The research includes nine male and female participants aged 25 to 40, selected through purposive and snowballing sampling. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews. Findings indicate that epilepsy is viewed through both medical and supernatural lenses; however, treatment is predominantly sought through traditional and spiritual healing practices. Gendered experiences play a crucial role in coping mechanisms: women receive more familial support but encounter greater stigma when it comes to marriage, while men rely on internal coping strategies due to societal expectations of resilience. The study emphasizes the need for a holistic approach to epilepsy awareness and management, including reconsideration of terminology to reduce stigma and promote understanding.
The Role of Old Age Homes in Supporting the Social, Physical & Emotional Needs of Elderly Individuals: A Case Study of Old Age Home District Sahiwal, Punjab, Pakistan
Authors: Irshad Mohsin  , Khizar Hayat
Published: February 2025

The present research explores role of old age homes in addressing social, physical & emotional needs of aged people with a focus on old age home in District Sahiwal, Punjab as in Pakistan, the aged population has brought various challenges to the structures of traditional caregiving especially in the context of the changing family aspects and urbanization. The study combines qualitative and quantitative methods of data collection by interviews, focus group discussions, surveys and participant observation employing a mixed-method approach. Twenty-eight elderly persons & five caregivers contributed in the study to offer various perspectives on institutional caregiving system. Findings of the study disclose that old age homes play a vital role in the social support and provide healthcare services, nutritious meals and assistance in activities of everyday life. The emotional well-being vestiges a significant challenge because the residents report feelings of loneliness due to limited family interaction and inadequate psychological support. Moreover, the article also points out challenges lie inadequate funding, shortage of staff training and societal stigma surrounding institutional care affecting the quality of services provided and also highlights the role of old age homes in filling the gaps which were left by the traditional caregiving models. The recommendations of the study include the introduction of psychological counseling, the family engagement, the need of training for caregivers and starting the awareness campaigns to reduce societal stigma and also provides valuable measures for policymakers, caregivers and the stakeholders to develop sustainable & culturally sensitive elderly care frameworks in Pakistan.
Stylistics: an analysis of figurative language in the story “the fall of the house of usher” by ea. Poe
Authors: Yaseen Khan
Published: February 2025

In the concerned paper, the researcher is going to stylistically analyze a short story by Edgar Allan Poe with the title of “The Fall of the House of Usher”. The study aims to explore the figurative language of the story and to figure out that how the inculcation of these figurative devices contribute to the main motive of the story i.e. to generate a terrible, horrible and dreadful impact in the mind of the readers. As far as the methodology is concerned, the concerned study entails descriptive qualitative methodology, which aims to describe, decode, interpret and analyze the collected data and the motive behind it, while the theoretical framework which assists the study is Laurence Perrine’s method of stylistic analysis of the figurative language. Throughout the study, the researcher intends to locate the figurative devices, out of Perrine’s three levels classification of twelve figurative devices, and how these devices have been used for creating the intended effect to which the author Edgar Allan Poe calls “The Unity Effect” or “The Philosophy of Composition”
Prevalence of Stress among Physiotherapy Students during Clinical Placement in Lahore, Pakistan
Authors: Sehar Nouman  , Kiran Zia  , Mariya Asadullah  , Raheema Khalid  , Aqsa Khalid
Published: February 2025

Background: Psychologically stress is defined as a negative discern of psychic breakdown and oppression. Occupational stress is the stress that absorb by individual during his work task like uncomfortable environment for work, overload, cannot meet the expenditure etc. Objective: To determine the prevalence of stress among physiotherapy students during clinical placements. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at UHS Lahore, and cluster sampling technique was used to collect data. Sample size of the study was 92. In sample, students of DPT 4th and 5th year from universities of health and sciences took part in this study according to the limitations of the study. Close ended questionnaire (workplace stress scale) used to collect data and questionnaire was generated in google forms due to COVID-19 situation. Result: Among all the students 6(6.52%) students feel no stress, 34(36.96%) feel low, 34(36.96%) feel moderate, 17(18.48%) feel severe and 1(1.09%) feel very severe stress. In these students, 81 females and 11 males with the equal number of participants from 4th and 5th year DPT students. Conclusion: Stress is a negative feeling which is an emotional strain. The stress is high when the workload is high, and the person is unable to cope up stress. It is harmful both for that person and the placement because it effects on their output and self-efficacy. As per conclusion and recommendations to cope up with the stress of those students we need to take several steps which will be helpful for the students as well as for the future researchers.
Frequency of Bicytopenia in Slide-Positive Malaria Patients
Authors: Khush Bakht  , Raza Muhammad Khan  , Shahtaj Khan
Published: February 2025

Background: Malaria is a life-threatening parasitic disease that remains a significant global health concern, particularly in endemic regions. Haematological abnormalities such as bicytopenia, characterised by the reduction of two blood cell lines (red blood cells, white blood cells, or platelets), are commonly observed in malaria patients. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted over six months at the Department of Hematology, Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar. A total of 138 patients, aged 16–60 years, with confirmed Plasmodium falciparum or Plasmodium vivax malaria, were included. Bicytopenia was defined as a white blood cell count below 3,000/cmm and a platelet count below 150,000/mm³. Data on demographic, clinical, and laboratory parameters were collected and analysed using SPSS version 23. Stratification and post-stratification analyses were performed to identify significant associations, with a p-value <0.05 considered statistically significant. Results: Bicytopenia was observed in 32% of malaria patients. The most common pattern involved a reduction in white blood cells and platelets (91%), followed by a combination of white blood cells and red blood cells (7%), and platelet and red blood cell reduction (2%). Patients with bicytopenia were more likely to report symptoms such as fatigue (80%, p=0.048) and easy bruising (45%, p<0.001). Plasmodium falciparum was more frequently associated with bicytopenia compared to P. vivax, although the difference was not statistically significant (p=0.126). Laboratory findings showed significantly lower haemoglobin levels, white blood cell counts, and platelet counts in the bicytopenia group compared to the non-bi-cytopenia group (p<0.001 for all). Conclusion: This study highlights a significant burden of bicytopenia among malaria patients, with P. falciparum being a major contributor. The findings emphasise the importance of routine haematological evaluations in malaria management to identify and mitigate complications early.
Beginnings of Classics in Israel: Two Documents
Authors: Geiger Joseph , Meridor Ra'anana
Published: February 2025

The official opening of the University took place in 1925, though its first component, the Institute for Jewish Studies, had been inaugurated already in 1924. Greek and Latin, initially conceived as ancillaries to Jewish Studies, were among the first subjects taught at the new institution. In the event the Department of Classics became an early, and important, part of the emerging Faculty of Humanities. Our first document is a letter written by Moshe Schwabe, the founder of Classics in this country, to a friend and colleague in Germany in 1925.  It gives a first-hand account of these beginnings; incidentally it also presents interesting insights into the situation in Palestine by a perceptive new immigrant of strong Zionist convictions and socialist leanings. Our second document, a memorandum on Classics written by Moshe Schwabe in 1927, presents, again at first hand, his clear vision and purposeful work at a very early stage. Those working in the field of Classics have made by any reckoning important and lasting contributions to scholarship.
Religious Rites in Virgil’s Writings
Authors: Shatzman Israel
Published: February 2025

Religious Rites in Virgil’s Writings
New Method of Analyzing Latin Hexameter
Authors: Kollmann Ernst D.
Published: February 2025

A New Method of Analyzing Latin Hexameter
A Propos the New Edition of Euripides’ Troades
Authors: Meridor Raanana
Published: February 2025

Three notes on the 1970 Teubner edition of Euripides’ Troades by Werner Biehl. 1) Lines 98-104 are attributed by Stobaeus to the chorus, but he often uses the term “chorus” to mark the non-iambic meter of a passage in tragedy and need not have known the tradition recorded in ms P. 2) The reading βάρος should be preferred over βρέτας in line 12. 3) The edition’s metrical notations are not always consistent and occasionally are misleading.
Plutarch and Rome
Authors: Geiger Joseph
Published: February 2025

Discussion of C.P. Jones, Plutarch and Rome. Oxford, 1971.
Five Inscriptions from Jaffa
Authors: Price Jonathan J.
Published: February 2025

Five unpublished inscriptions from the once-huge Roman-period Jewish necropolis in Jaffa are presented with edited texts and interpretation. The five texts shed light on the Jewish life in Jaffa in antiquity, and add to the evidence of an Egyptian Jewish community there.
Function of the Pellichus Sequence at Lucian Philopseudes 18-20
Authors: Ogden Daniel
Published: February 2025

One of the more extended exchanges on magic and the supernatural between the host Eucrates and his guests in Lucian’s Philopseudes or Lover of Lies is the sequence concerning Eucrates’ own animated statue of Pellichus, which can dismount from its pedestal, heal the sick, and punish the sacrilegious. This paper explores the multiple functions that that tale and the guests’ discussion surrounding it play within the dialogue. Consideration is given to: the sequence’s positioning and structural function within the wider dialogue; the purpose of its ecphrastic elements; the manner in which Eucrates may be seen to unravel his own story as he tells it; Lucian’s commentary upon the phenomenon of healing statues; and finally the contextualisation of the sinister threats offered by the statue.
Neck-Amphora in the Israel Museum
Authors: Hachlili Rachel
Published: February 2025

A Neck-Amphora in the Israel Museum
Three Jewish Communities of Lower Egypt in the Ptolemaic Period
Authors: Kasher Arie
Published: February 2025

Three Jewish Communities of Lower Egypt in the Ptolemaic Period
Some Observations on the Doric Temples of the 5th Century B.C.E.
Authors: Ovadiah Asher , Ovadiah Ruth
Published: February 2025

Some Observations on the Doric Temples of the 5th Century B.C.E.
Catilina: Court Cases and Consular Candidature
Authors: Marshall Bruce
Published: February 2025

Catilina: Court Cases and Consular Candidature
VARIA EPIGRAPHICA
Authors: Isaac Benjamin , Landau Yohanan , Applebaum Shimon
Published: February 2025

This paper publishes Latin and Greek inscriptions that had not been published so far or had been published in Hebrew only. It also contains a bibliography of inscriptions in the region, published and republished in non-Hebrew periodicals between 1962 and 1976.
MISQUOTATIONS OF EURIPIDEAN PLEADERS
Authors: Meridor Ra'anana
Published: February 2025

This article surveys several instances where pleading figures in Euripides attribute a false statement to their opponents in front of a powerful third party. Andromache misquotes Hermione to Menelaus (And. 356) and Hecuba allegedly quotes Polymestor to Agamemnon (Hec.1218-1220). Hecuba also deliberately misinterprets Helen’s words (Tro. 998-1000) and rejects the latter’s argument of divine responsibility for her deeds (Tro.1010-1022). These speakers are morally superior to their opponents and Euripides may have approved of bending the truth in the service of a good cause.
INFLUX OF MONEY INTO SPARTA AT THE END OF THE FIFTH CENTURY B.C.
Authors: David E.
Published: February 2025

Ironically, the influx of foreign capital into Sparta in the last years of the Peloponnesian War, the very factor which helped Sparta to win that war and found her hegemony in Greece, is frequently viewed in ancient sources, both contemporary and later, as one of the central factors responsible for having engendered the roots of her decline and downfall as a great power. This paper concentrates on the quantitative aspect of this economic factor by a thorough examination of the various sources of capital (e.g. the Persian grants and the income from tribute), the stages of its influx into Sparta and the total amount of foreign currency. The paper also analyzes the influence of that foreign capital on the collapse of the traditional system of land tenure, the ensuing processes of socio-economic change and their destructive impact on the Spartan state.
Last Jewish Revolt against Rome: A Reconsideration
Authors: Geiger Joseph
Published: February 2025

The evidence for the revolt of the Jews during Gallus Caesar’s rule in the East is scanty, its evaluation difficult. The paper argues that Patricius, the leader of the rebellion accused of aspiring to regnum (Aurelius Victor Caes.42.11), was not a Jewish ‘king’ but rather a Roman pretender to the Imperial  throne with strong support among Jews. Patricius may have used — or abused — the special problems of the Jews of Palestine for his own ends. Apart from other considerations, there is an argumentum e silentio which in the present case is exceptionally powerful. Were Patricius a Jewish ‘king’ it is difficult to figure him otherwise than as the head of a Messianic movement, not a secular king, but God’s Anointed announcing the fullness of time21. And yet our copious Rabbinic sources for the period — the Palestinian Talmud and an abundance of Midrashim — do not so much as hint at such a Messianic movement. One should compare this with the Rabbinic evidence for the controversy surrounding Bar Kochba: the silence about Patricius is roaring. There seems to prevail a not unaccountable trend among contemporary Jewish historians to seek persecutions of the Jewish religion and, on the other hand, Jewish rebellions, even where they do not exist. An objective reconsideration of the available evidence for the rebellion against Gallus should leave the question open, at least.
VARIA EPIGRAPHICA
Authors: Isaac Benjamin , Applebaum Shimon , Landau Yohanan
Published: February 2025

This paper publishes Latin and Greek inscriptions found in the region c.1980.
Fragmentary Statue from Caesarea Maritima
Authors: Gersht Rivka
Published: February 2025

Three possible identifications — Aphrodite, Hermes, Apollo — are considered for the fragmentary statue showing two feet poised on a tortoise, which was pulled out of sea northward of the theater of Caesarea Maritima. Written sources and archaeological finds indicate that images of Aphrodite, Hermes, and Apollo accompanied by a tortoise were known since the Archaic period, but only Aphrodite and Apollo were shown standing with two feet upon a tortoise.
Il filosofo Eustazio nelle Vitae Sophistarum di Eunapio di Sardi
Authors: Lewin Ariel
Published: February 2025

A careful reading of the Vitae Sophistarum of Eunapius of Sardis shows that the writer does not make a chronological error regarding the life of the philosopher Eustathius. It was not in fact after his death that his wife Sosipatra and children were taken under the protection of Aedesios. Eustathius had actually retired to spend a period of spiritual purification. He was later sent by the Emperor Constantius II as ambassador to the Persian king.
Greek (and Christian?) Sources in Ibn Ezra’s Commentary on Psalms
Authors: Wasserstein A.
Published: February 2025

This article observes that in his commentary on Psalms Abraham ibn Ezra interprets Psalm 19 in a manner reminiscent of Plato’s simile of the sun in Republic 6, and possibly also the parable of the cave. It proceeds to examine the possibility that Platonic influence on ibn Ezra derives not from Plato’s own work but from that of Philo, and that ibn Ezra was familiar with patristic and Philonic exegesis.
China and Central Asia: Protection of Foreign Teachers’ Rights in Cross-Border Educational Cooperation
Authors: Jiang Zhongqi
Published: February 2025

As the saying goes, “Education is the foundation of a nation’s prosperity.” The successful convening of the China-Central Asia Summit heralds deeper cooperation between China and the five Central Asian countries, fostering a closer community of shared destiny. Standing at a new historical juncture, “foreign teachers” serve as vital links in the globalization of education and internationalization of talent. Against the backdrop of the signing of the “Joint Statement on the Establishment of a Comprehensive Strategic Partnership of the New Era” between China and Uzbekistan, this paper focuses on the protection system of foreign teachers’ rights in China and Uzbekistan. It analyzes the challenges faced from the perspectives of policy legislation, supervision and management, communication and coordination, proposing legal solutions such as improving the policy legislative system, strengthening rights protection measures, enhancing supervision and evaluation mechanisms, and promoting transnational communication and coordination. These efforts aim to provide robust legal protection for promoting deep cooperation in the education sector between China and Uzbekistan.
How can the new energy economy achieve better development under the background of the digital economy
Authors: Wu Na , Tang Lijuan , Tian Shumei , Wang Shuguo
Published: February 2025

China needs to develop the digital economy, accelerate the promotion of artificial intelligence, and utilize digital technologies to speed up the upgrading of traditional industries. Meanwhile, it should also develop digital consumption and digital trade. As China's economy shifts from the real estate economy to the digital economy in the future, during the explosive growth of computing power, there will also be an explosive increase in the demand for energy. In terms of energy, it can support China's future development of the digital economy. In the past two years, we have witnessed the rapid development of China's new energy. In the short term, there may be a certain overcapacity. In the future, once the digital economy grows and prospers, there may be an energy shortage globally. China has unparalleled advantages both in terms of data and computing power. China's renewable energy accounts for 30% of the global production capacity. Therefore, the future application scenario of China's new energy is the digital economy. Overall, we are still very optimistic about the development prospects of China's new growth drivers during the transition between old and new growth engines.
A COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS OF CONSUMER SATISFACTION WITH MASALA PRODUCTS IN ANDHRA PRADESH
Authors: Venkata ashwath reddy  , Kiranmayi Patel
Published: February 2025

The study explores consumer satisfaction with masala products in Andhra Pradesh, emphasizing the dynamics of purchasing behaviour and preferences for packaged and loose masalas. Employing a descriptive research design, it integrates primary data collected through structured questionnaires and secondary data from credible sources to identify key factors influencing consumer choices, such as taste, price, packaging, and availability. Statistical tools, including chi-square tests, were used to analyse the relationships between demographic variables and satisfaction levels. The findings underscore a dominant preference for packaged masalas due to their convenience, quality, and reliability, while local homemade variants hold significance among select consumer segments. The study's outcomes highlight the importance of aligning product innovation, quality assurance, and targeted marketing strategies to enhance consumer loyalty and satisfaction. This comprehensive analysis offers valuable insights into the evolving preferences of masala consumers, providing actionable recommendations for stakeholders in the food and spice industry.
Should Data Drive Private Law?
Authors: Busch Christoph , Goanta Catalina , Kryla-Cudna Katarzyna , Leszczynska Monika , Mak Vanessa
Published: February 2025

This special issue tackles the question of whether and how data shapes private law. The development of new technologies enabled the generation, collection and processing of both personal and non-personal data on an unprecedented scale. The implications
of this phenomenon for private law are threefold. One, how does data affect our understanding of technology regulation in private law relationships? Two, how does data affect the way in which private law is applied? Three, what is the role of data in the design of law from a public policy perspective that transcends doctrinal considerations relating to private law?
Disrupting violence while preserving encryption
Authors: Nave Eva , Raaijmakers Stephan , Veugen Thijs
Published: February 2025

Business models adopted by online platforms have enabled the proliferation of online hate speech. Platforms providing end-to-end encrypted (E2EE) services have been under increased scrutiny for hosting hate mongers. Legislators struggle to conceptualise the responsibilities of E2EE services to not host hate speech without infringing the users’ rights to freedom of expression, association, privacy, or data protection. This interdisciplinary article proposes a new legal minimum standard expanding corporate human rights responsibilities of E2EE services to mitigate a category of criminal hate speech - incitement to violence. We explore the regulation and application of metadata, hashing, and homomorphic encryption to disrupt incitement to violence in large groups on E2EE services in compliance with human rights.
Ngugi and Mazrui in Digitalization Policy
Authors: Nyabola Nanjala
Published: February 2025

Digitalisation of public service provision has been and remains a pillar of the Kenyan government’s approach to development. Kenya has explicitly linked digitalisation to its ambitions for development – an approach that is echoed in the political campaign materials produced and distributed by all major political parties in the country. Yet the country’s digital policy continues to be developed primarily in English, as the countries continues to build and also receive digital technologies built elsewhere, primarily in English. This paper argues that in the context of postcolonial societies like Kenya and Tanzania, this has a distinct impact of deepening power differentials within the society that are rooted in ‘coloniality’ as defined by Grosfoguel. The use of colonial languages in the creation and dissemination of digital policy is an obstacle to decolonising the internet in postcolonial societies.Building from Ngugi’s work on indigenous languages in public life, the paper argues that to properly map the terrain of decolonial praxis in technology, we must engage with the power differentials embedded in how languages are perceived and experienced in postcolonial societies. Languages, the paper argues, are not only a key component of colonial violence as Ngugi argued, but they also perpetuate the power disparities of incomplete decolonisation, including for example the perception of those who speak indigenous languages as their index language as being lower class and therefore more abstract to power. The paper then summarises a project developed by the author to create a lexicon for digital rights in Kiswahili as an example of some of the decolonial praxis that is necessary to addressing these power disparities in countries like Kenya and Tanzania. In this way, the paper not only proposes a theoretical argument for decolonisation but also offers a practical example of what meaningful decolonial praxis of digital technologies can look like. Overall, the paper argues that decolonisation of digital technologies is imperative to addressing the coloniality embedded in digitalisation policy in Kenya.
Scientific research regime 2.0? Transformations of the research regime and the protection of the data subject that the proposed EHDS regulation promises to bring along
Authors: Slokenberga Santa
Published: February 2025

The proposed European Health Data Space regulation (the proposed EHDS regulation) intends to facilitate the secondary use of electronic health data for scientific research purposes. The mechanism that the proposal contains will co-exist with the scientific research regime that has been established under the General Data Protection Regulation. This article examines how the proposed EHDS regulation promises to transform the EU scientific research regime and protection of a data subject in scientific research. This paper shows that a scientific research regime 2.0 is put forward, where sharing is enhanced at the cost of self-determination of the individual and without resolving many of the challenges that emerged under the GDPR.
Harmed While Anonymous
Authors: Pałka Przemysław
Published: February 2025

Data law and policy assume that harms to individuals can result only from personal data processing. Conversely, generation and use of non-personal data supposedly create new value while presenting no risk to individual interests or fundamental rights. Consequently, the law treats these two categories differently, constraining generation, use, and sharing of the former while incentivizing the latter. This article challenges this assumption. It proposes to divide data-related harms into two high-level categories: unwanted disclosure and detrimental use. It demonstrates how personal/non-personal data distinction prevents unwanted disclosure but fails to capture, and unintendedly enables, detrimental use of data. As a remedy, the article proposes a new concept – data about humans – and illustrates how it could advance data law and policy.
The legal status of co-generated data
Authors: Van Erp Sjef , Swinnen Koen
Published: February 2025

A major problem when trying to resolve questions surrounding the legal status of data is how they should be defined, classified and specified. By defining we mean making a statement regarding the meaning of a term, classification refers to arranging data in classes following particular criteria, specification means delineating data such that both between parties to a contract (‘inter partes’ or bilaterally) and to a considerable and relevant group of third parties (multilaterally) it is clear which data are referred to. Most data cannot be captured as easily as a block on a blockchain or data on your USB stick, because they are in constant motion. How to create a legal object, in the stricter sense of an object as to which a subject may claim a right against a considerable and relevant group of other subjects, out of this continuous flow of streams, activities, services? Legal objects tend to be static, such as a house or a car, but a flow by its very nature is dynamic. Do we not need a re-thinking of what can be a legal object given that the number of such flows is ever growing? What does the dynamic nature of such objects mean for the entitlement to any economic benefits? These are the questions we face when looking at data more generally. However, even more questions arise, in particular in terms of regulating the use of and access to the data, when data emanate from different sources in the sense that more than one party can be said to have (somehow) contributed to their generation, in other words: co-generated data. This contribution aims to shed some light on how longstanding principles of (among others) Dutch, German and Belgian property law could prove useful in finding a way to regulate the use of and access to co-generated data. These property law principles are in place, and have been in place for a very long time, to solve the ownership issue that arises when, as is the case with co-generated data, more than one party can be said to have somehow contributed to the creation of something, that something in the case of traditional property law being a tangible.