bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efectivity Evaluation among Dengue Control Programs in Semarang City, Indonesia
Authors: Maharsi Sri , Handayani Oktia Woro Kasmini , Wijayanti Yuni
Published: August 2020

Increased dengue cases occur throughout Southeast Asia. Semarang Health Office held programs to control dengue,which are Rainfall monitoring,Routine Mosquito Larvae Monitoring Program, One House One Larvae Observer Movement, And Students look For Mosquito Larvae Movement. To assess whether the programs reducing Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever caseswere effective. The method used were correlation analysis. Data obtained from every region in Semarang and reported to Semarang Health Office. Average Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever case was 79.5±13.69. Correlationtest results between dengue cases with rainfall was r=0.951;p=0.049, Larvae Absence Rate from Routine Mosquito Larvae Monitoring Program was r=0.648;p=0.352, with Larvae Absence Rate from One House One Larvae Observer Movement was r=0.804;p=0.196, with Larvae Absence Rate from Students Search For Mosquito Larvae Movement was r=0.961;p=0.039. Correlation between rainfall and Larvae Absence Rate from Students Search For Mosquito Larvae Movement with Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever case were significant and had positive strong correlation,correlation test results of Larvae Absence Rate from Routine Mosquito Larvae  Program and One House One Larvae Observer Movement had strong correlation but were not significant.
Anxiety of Health Workers in the Prevention and Management of Covid-19 in Sidrap Regency
Authors: Fadli Fadli , Ahmad Andi Sastria , Safruddin Safruddin , Sumbara Sumbara , Baharuddin Rohandi
Published: August 2020

The spread of Covid-19 disease has reached epidemiological criteria which need to be declared a pandemic because it has infected more than 100,000 people in 100 countries. The purpose of this study was to determine the criteria for anxiety levels in health workers in the prevention of covid-19. In carrying out their duties, most of health workerd experienced anxiety due to lack of personal protective equipments and family safety. This study uses a a cross sectional survey design and cluster random sampling techniques with 80 respondents. The results showed that the average health workers 52 respondets (65.0%) had experienced mild anxiety, 11 respondents (13.8%) had experienced moderate anxiety, and 2 respondents (2.5%) had experienced severe anxiety and 15 respondents (18.8%) who didn’t experienced anxiety.The contributing factor is the lack of personal protective equipment, so the health workers worried to transmited the corona virus to their family. They also felt stigmatized because they felt related to patients infected by the virus. In addition, the patients honesty when visited health services, many of them keep it a secret of a visit history to the plague area or areas that have suffered many cases of Covid-19.
Modelo de aprendizaje microcurricular activo: Una guía de planificación áulica para Educación Física
Authors: Posso-Pacheco Richar Jacobo , Barba-Miranda Laura Cristina , Rodríguez-Torres Ángel Freddy , Núñez-Sotomayor Luis Fernando Xavier , Ávila-Quinga Carlos Efrén , Rendón-Morales Pablo Anthony
Published: August 2020

This article aimed to describe a microcurricular learning model of Physical Education; the description was based on a bibliographic review of 33 academic texts resulting from the process of inclusion and exclusion criteria. This process was framed in a publication period corresponding to 1994 until 2020, from the Dialnet, Google Scholar databases, and the platform of the Ministry of Education of Ecuador. Four dimensions were analyzed: Ecuadorian Physical Education Curriculum, curricular approaches, active methodologies, and contextualization of content. This analysis contributed to the construction of a curricular proposal that directs students to the development of their motor, social, cognitive, and affective skills, under the mainstreaming of the inclusive, playful, and corporality curricular approaches; it also serves as a planning guide that ensures the autonomy of the students so that they can replicate various physical exercises throughout their lives.
Reflexión sobre prácticas centradas en la familia desde la perspectiva de estudiantes de fisioterapia, terapia ocupacional y logopedia del sureste de España
Authors: Orcajada-Sánchez Noelia , Ortuño-Cano Elisabet , Martínez-Pérez Conchi , García-Sánchez Francisco Alberto
Published: August 2020

More and more early childhood professionals are basing their work on family-centered practices. The change in this professional practice means that when university teaching begins to address this matter, even if only occasionally, it generates significant doubts in students, who are more accustomed to outpatient practices. In this article, we analyze doubts raised by students when an early childhood professional team talked to them about these family-centered practices. These doubts were about cases studied in Physiotherapy, Occupational Therapy, and Speech Therapy programs from two different universities in southeastern Spain. Some teaching staff members in these degrees organized training actions on family-centered practices in their courses. Through a non-experimental, qualitative design with an observational methodology, we described the doubts raised by 196 students attending these training actions. We also collected the answers, agreed upon by a group of professionals of these practices, to each of these doubts. We understand that these are questions that may arise to professionals or students, given that the process they go through to understand and adopt family-centered practices is usually similar, so it is useful to know and disseminate them. Our results point to differences in the questions raised by students of the different programs; they may reflect differences in their clinical training and in the previous training received in early childhood programs. We defend the importance of this training in future graduates from these degrees that qualify them to work as early childhood professionals.
Reoperációs algoritmus és célvezérelt haemostasisterápia együttes, sikeres alkalmazása súlyos szívsebészeti vérzés kezelésében
Authors: Gombocz Károly , Beledi Ágnes , Botos Ferenc , Wrana Győző , Feiler Erzsébet , Csécs Roland , Rácz Zsombor , Rashed Aref
Published: August 2020

Absztrakt:

Bevezetés: A szívműtéteket követő súlyos vérzés és transzfúzió
jelentősen növeli a szövődményrátát és a mortalitást. A vérző beteg hatékony
kezelésének feltétele a ’sebészi’ és a coagulopathiás vérzés korai
diagnosztikája. Rotációs thromboelastometria alkalmazása segíthet a reoperáció
indikációjának felállításában, és célvezérelt haemostasisterápiával csökkentheti
a vérveszteséget, a transzfúziót és a költségeket. Célkitűzés:
Korábbi betegeink vérzéses adataiból származtatott intézeti vérzéses-reoperációs
protokoll kidolgozását és a módszer hatékonyságának vizsgálatát tűztük ki célul.
Módszer: Az osztályunkon korábban operált 1011 beteg
(kontrollcsoport) adataiból a coagulopathiás és a ’sebészi’ vérzés
megkülönböztetésére statisztikai algoritmust hoztunk létre. Vérzéses-reoperációs
protokollunkban az algoritmust viszkoelasztikus koagulációs teszttel és
rizikóbesorolással együttesen alkalmaztuk. Egymást követő 112 operált
betegünknél megvizsgáltuk a reoperációk gyakoriságát, indikációit, valamint a
protokollnak a transzfúziókra és a direkt költségekre kifejtett hatását, korábbi
gyakorlatunkkal összehasonlítva. Eredmények: A vérzés miatt
végzett reoperáció gyakorisága nem különbözött a vizsgált és a kontrollcsoport
között (6,2% vs. 5,4%; p = 0,584). A reoperált betegeknél a
vérzés-protokollcsoportban coagulopathiás vérzés önmagában nem, míg a
kontrollcsoportban 12,7%-ban fordult elő. A vérzéses-reoperációs protokoll
alkalmazása mellett csökkent a vérzés (p = 0,026), több betegnél alkalmaztunk
fibrinogént (p<0,001), protrombinkomplex-koncentrátumot (p<0,001),
tranexámsavat (p<0,001); a vörösvérsejt-transzfúziók száma 30%-kal csökkent
(1,7 ± 2,6 E vs. 2,3 ± 3,3 E; p = 0,012); a friss fagyasztott plazma vagy
thrombocytatranszfúziók esetén a különbség nem volt szignifikáns. A módszer
alkalmazásával betegenként –20 333 Ft, aktivitásalapú költséggel számolva
–38 200 Ft költségmegtakarítást értünk el. Következtetés:
Vérzéses-reoperációs protokollunk alkalmazásával csak ’sebészi’ vérzés miatt
végeztünk reoperációt, több esetben alkalmaztunk faktorkészítményt,
antifibrinolitikumot, csökkent a vérveszteség, a vörvösvérsejt-transzfúziók
száma, és költségmegtakarítást értünk el. Orv Hetil. 2020; 161(34):
1414–1422.
Sentipensar el Pluriverso: Legado del maestro Orlando Fals Borda para la Sub-version, la utopia y el buen vivir
Authors: Bastidas Aguilar Luis Felipe
Published: August 2020

El ensayo propone la reflexión a partir de unos de los conceptos centrales del maestro Fals, el sentipensar para reflexionar acerca de la IAP, el compromiso auténtico, los valores fundantes y el socialismo raizal. Se propone que la reflexión falsbordiana tiene como característica el análisis multidimensional, donde lo racional y lo emotivo vivencial se conjugan para subvertir un orden injusto impuesto desde miradas coloniales dominantes. La propuesta, por tanto, es sentipensar la descolonización, generando una praxis liberadora de nuevas epistemologías que recogen el pluriverso opositor del pensamiento único hegemónico, impuesto por tradiciones eurocéntricas.
Manifiesto por una Sociología Sentipensante
Authors: Marín Gómez Lina Marcela , Hoyos Urrea Luisa Fernanda
Published: August 2020

Estudiar la sociología desde las realidades sociales, políticas y económicas en el escenario colombiano, permite el debate, construcción y cuestionamiento de su enseñanza en las universidades, esto, desde la práctica. Por lo tanto, este ensayo surge de la preocupación constante y de la crítica a la forma en que desde la academia se estudian las problemáticas sociales, pero desligadas de su contexto, sin una incidencia en la transformación de las mismas. Por lo cual se recurrirá a los planteamientos del sociólogo Orlando Fals Borda, como pensando crítico latinoamericano, que por medio de su accionar en la investigación y compromiso político, desestructuro una visión de ciencia occidental para poder concebir una desde nuestros contextos. Se desarrollará el concepto de ciencia social, a partir de la pregunta ¿ciencia para quién?, y su vinculación con diferentes procesos sociales; luego se seguirá con la discusión sobre teoría crítica y teoría tradicional, mostrando cómo la ciencia desde lo local ha sido subordinada a lo que se denomina como ciencia occidental, también se preguntará por el papel del investigador en torno al compromiso social y político; y por último se hace una apuesta por una sociología que involucra el sentir y razonar del investigador, rescatando una de las enseñanzas de Fals Borda, construir una sociología sentipensante.
Determination of the length of piles immersed in the soil by the method of an acoustic wave excited in a pile by impact
Authors: Skvortsov Dmitriy , Zhaisambaev Erkn , Derevnin Denis , Parenkina Olesya
Published: August 2020

In the article, the authors describe the methodology for determining the length of piles according to ASTM D5882. The authors of the article describe the situation that arose at one of the sites in the city of Tyumen when, when digging a pit, a previously constructed pile field with a grillage was discovered. The authors examined the pile field in order to determine the length of the piles. The length of piles immersed in the ground was determined by the method of acoustic wave excited in a pile by impact in accordance with ASTM D5882 Standard Test Method for Low Strain Impact Integrity Testing of Deep Foundations. The measurement method is based on the property of an acoustic wave being reflected from the interfaces between media with different acoustic impedances. The article describes the methodology for determining the length of piles with further processing of the measurement results. The main conclusions are formulated based on the results of the work on measuring the length of piles by the method of an acoustic wave excited in a pile by impact.
An Unprecedented Record of Parasitoidism of Formicidae by a Sarcophagid Fly
Authors: Bragança Marcos Antonio Lima , Acácio Raquel Silva , Arruda Filipe Viegas de , Pesquero Marcos Antônio
Published: August 2020

Abstract: The first case of parasitoidism of a Myrmicinae ant by a sarcophagid fly has been observed in the Brazilian Cerrado. The larva of a Helicobia Coquillet (Sarcophagidae) specimen fed on head tissues of an Atta laevigata Smith, 1858 soldier and an adult male fly emerged from a puparium formed outside the host.
Knowing biodiversity: Fishes from the Guareí River basin, a tributary of the Jurumirim reservoir, Paranapanema River, Brazil
Authors: Azevedo-Santos Valter M. , Pelicice Fernando M. , Henry Raoul
Published: August 2020

Abstract: The Guareí River is a tributary of the Paranapanema River (Brazil), located in the upper portion of the Jurumirim Reservoir. Fish fauna studies in this watershed began in the 2000s, but they were restricted to a few waterbodies. This work conducted a broad survey of the fish fauna in tributary streams and the main channel of the Guareí River. Sampling occurred between February 2017 and November 2018 at 36 sites and using different collection methods. We captured 2,169 specimens belonging to 50 species, 16 families and 6 orders. The species accumulation curve tended to stabilize but indicated that species richness is underestimated. Almost all species are native (46); only three were non-native (Hyphessobrycon eques, Oreochromis niloticus and Poecilia reticulata) and one was undefined (Gymnotus pantanal). Among the native species, two are unknown to science (Bryconamericus aff. iheringii and Hypostomus sp. n.) and three are migratory (Leporinus friderici, Megaleporinus obtusidens and Pimelodus maculatus). In this paper, we provide images of species collected. Results indicate that the Guareí River basin is a hotspot of fish diversity in the Upper Paranapanema River, stressing the need for adequate management and conservation actions.
Circulação de dons, trabalho e renda do turismo na comunidade rural Chã de Jardim, na Paraíba
Authors: Oliveira Josilene Ribeiro
Published: August 2020

Resumo: Este artigo relata uma análise empírica sobre os arranjos e as hibridizações entre valores tradicionais e modernos, focalizando as articulações entre trocas simbólicas e mercantis, a partir da participação de sitiantes na produção da oferta turística. O objetivo geral é analisar as transformações e adaptações dos valores camponeses à dinâmica do mercado. Os dados apresentados foram construídos a partir de uma etnografia da comunidade Chã de Jardim, incluindo também consultas a dados estatísticos e documentos oficiais sobre emprego e renda no município de Areia (PB), além da realização de entrevistas semidirigidas com os sitiantes. No plano teórico, privilegia-se uma discussão sobre o caráter ambíguo da dádiva e a obrigação de retribuição intrínseca ao princípio da reciprocidade. Para tanto, revisitam-se as interpretações de Marcel Mauss e Claude Lévi-Strauss, em interlocução com as abordagens mais recentes de Aafke Komter, Philippe Steiner, Éric Sabourin e Marcos Lanna, dentre outros pesquisadores. Os resultados da pesquisa permitiram compreender a formação e o funcionamento do microssistema de redistribuição da renda do turismo, o qual está subordinado, em grande medida, à dinâmica da reciprocidade e aos valores camponeses, com destaque para o sistema hierárquico preexistente nas relações sociais comunitárias.
Types of sterilization in feed containing different lipidic sources for golden hamster (Mesocricetus auratus)
Authors: Moura Adolpho Marlon Antoniol de , Santos Clóvis de Paula , Cordido Karoll Andrea Alfonso Torres , Glória Leonardo Siqueira , Weigel Rebeca Alves , Melo Thiago Vasconcelos
Published: August 2020

Abstract The Golden hamster has been gaining significance as a new experimental biomodel, finding use as a reliable diagnostic tool in biomedical research and for zoonosis. Authentic data in terms of digestibility, interactions among raw materials and essential nutrients, besides the influence exerted by various sterilization processes on animal behavior remain unclear. We aimed to assess the influence of sterilization, via autoclaving and irradiation, of pellet feeds prepared using salmon or linseed oil on the digestibility and plasma biochemical parameters in Golden hamsters. Randomized evaluations were conducted on 36 adult male Golden hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus), distributed in six treatments and six replications, namely: common salmon oil; radiated salmon; autoclaved salmon; common linseed oil; radiated linseed and autoclaved linseed. A remarkable effect of the sterilization was evident on the digestibility and protein solubility of the feed, which was lower for autoclaved diets. There was also a significant effect on blood parameters. Animals fed diets containing linseed oil showed lower blood glucose compared to the others. Thus, the inference reached was that while salmon and linseed oil can be used in laboratory hamster feeds, autoclaving disturbs the nutritional quality of the rations.
Intracameral tenecteplase during phacoemulsification in rabbits: clinical assessment of the anterior segment and biochemical analysis of the aqueous humor
Authors: Piveta Lidiane Cândida , Oliveira Helton Freires , Rezende Janayne Maria , Miguel Marina Pacheco , Lima Aline Maria Vasconcelos , Damasceno Adilson Donizeti
Published: August 2020

Abstract To evaluate the use of tenecteplase in transoperative phacoemulsification in healthy rabbits, the study was carried out with fifteen New Zealand rabbits, divided into three groups: control group (CG), untreated group (UG) and treated group (TG). UG and TG were operated by phacoemulsification and TG received 50 µg / 0.3 mL of intracameral tenecteplase. The postoperative evaluations were 24 h, 72 h, 7 days, 15 days and 21 days. In TP21 the animals were submitted to euthanasia and aqueous humor samples were collected. No significant differences were observed in the clinical evaluations between CG and TG in relation to incidence rates of intraocular pressure (IOP), corneal edema, fibrin deposits, hyphema, aqueous flare and synechia. In the physicochemical evaluation of the aqueous humor, there were no significant differences between the three groups in relation to pH values and concentrations of chloride ions. The aqueous humor density values were statistically different between CG and the other groups. In the histological evaluation, there were no significant differences between the groups. The use of tenecteplase in transoperative phacoemulsification in rabbits did not present significant differences in terms of clinical, physicochemical and histological parameters.
Desigualdade econômica e risco de infecção e morte por COVID-19 no Brasil
Authors: Demenech Lauro Miranda , Dumith Samuel de Carvalho , Vieira Maria Eduarda Centena Duarte , Neiva-Silva Lucas
Published: August 2020

RESUMO: Objetivo: Avaliar, por meio de análise espaçotemporal, se a desigualdade econômica das Unidades Federativas (UF) do Brasil pode estar associada com o risco de infecção e morte por COVID-19. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo ecológico, baseado em dados secundários das taxas de incidência e mortalidade para COVID-19. Os dados foram analisados em nível estadual, tendo como principal variável independente o coeficiente de Gini. Foram utilizados os registros de 12 dias, espaçados em uma semana cada, entre 21 de abril e 7 de julho de 2020. A variação semanal das taxas foi calculada pela regressão de Prais-Winsten, com o objetivo de medir a evolução da pandemia em cada UF. O teste de correlação de Spearman foi empregado para avaliar a correlação entre as taxas e suas evoluções semanais e as variáveis independentes. Por fim, realizou-se diagnóstico de dependência espacial dos dados e usou-se o modelo de defasagem da regressão espacial, quando aplicável. Resultados: As taxas de incidência e mortalidade por COVID-19 foram crescentes em todas as UF brasileiras, tendo sido mais acentuada entre aquelas com maior desigualdade econômica. A associação entre coeficiente de Gini e incidência e mortalidade por COVID-19 manteve-se mesmo quando levados em consideração aspectos demográficos e espaciais. Conclusão: A desigualdade econômica pode exercer papel importante no impacto da COVID-19 em território brasileiro, por meio de efeitos absolutos e contextuais. Políticas estruturais para a redução da desigualdade são fundamentais para o enfrentamento dessa e de futuras crises sanitárias no Brasil.
Avaliação do teor de sódio em salgadinhos comerciais e da rotulagem de acordo com a RDC nº 26/2015 sobre alergênicos alimentares
Authors: Reis Valriane Suelen , Consolin Filho Nelson , Baqueta Michel Rocha , Demczuk Junior Bogdan
Published: August 2020

Resumo Os alimentos extrusados snacks são consumidos mundialmente por causa da variedade de formas, texturas e sabores, além da praticidade no consumo. Contudo, a maioria das formulações possui valor biológico reduzido e elevados teores de cloreto de sódio (NaCl). Atualmente, no Brasil, além das informações nutricionais, é obrigatório informar ao consumidor a presença de alimentos alergênicos. Alguns requisitos sobre esse assunto foram estabelecidos pela RDC nº 26, de 2 de julho de 2015. Desde a regularização dessa resolução, existe uma falta de estudos com foco na avaliação da rotulagem de diversos alimentos, incluindo os snacks. Assim, o presente estudo teve dois objetivos: verificar os rótulos de snacks de diferentes marcas comerciais de acordo com a RDC nº 26/2015 sobre alergênicos e determinar o teor de sódio, comparando-o com a descrição na informação nutricional fornecida na embalagem dos produtos. A avaliação da rotulagem dos “snacks” extrusados encontrou inconformidades em 4 marcas das 16 analisadas. Com base na RDC nº 26/2015 sobre alergênicos alimentares, foram constatadas ausências de informações obrigatórias relacionadas a ingredientes alergênicos, como a farinha de trigo. Foi verificado que 87,5% dos snacks continham algum alergênico e que apenas 68,75% dos rótulos estavam de acordo com a RDC nº 26/2015. Além disso, foi identificado que, na maioria dos rótulos, falta a informação sobre contaminação cruzada por alergênicos no processamento dos produtos. Quanto à análise de sódio por espectrometria de absorção atômica com chama, os resultados obtidos mostraram que, na maioria das amostras, a concentração de sódio era elevada e que diferia dos valores indicados na tabela nutricional das embalagens. Portanto, a adição elevada de sódio na forma de cloreto de sódio nos “snacks” extrusados pode contribuir para exceder a ingestão diária recomendada e, consequentemente, aumentar a disponibilidade para decorrência de riscos de doenças cardiovasculares, coronárias, entre outras, associadas ao consumo de NaCl em excesso.
Nephrotic syndrome after insect sting: a case report
Authors: Junqueira Vânia , Donato Beatriz , Teixeira Catarina , Mascarenhas Maria Isabel , Silva Isabel Costa , Almeida Edgar
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT Minimal change disease accounts for up to 25% of the cases of nephrotic syndrome in adult population. The allergic mechanism has been associated with minimal change disease and allergens have been implied, namely insect stings. We present a case report of a woman with new onset of nephrotic syndrome after a non-hymenoptera insect sting, with biopsy-proven minimal change disease, that was accompanied by a pulmonary thromboembolism process. Complete remission with glucocorticoid therapy was observed, with sustained response for 6 months after discontinuation. A new exposure to insect sting in the same geographical region and season triggered a nephrotic syndrome relapse. Subsequent avoidance of the place resulted in a sustained remission for more than 4 years.
Effect of rapid maxillary expansion on nasal cavity assessed with cone-beam computed tomography
Authors: Caldas Luciana Duarte , Takeshita Wilton M. , Machado André Wilson , Bittencourt Marcos Alan Vieira
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT Introduction: Rapid maxillary expansion (RME) is assumed as a well established procedure; although, some effects on facial complex are not yet fully understood. Objective: The aim of this research was to verify, using cone-beam computed tomography, the effect on linear dimensions of the nasal cavity. Methods: Sample consisted of twenty patients aged 7 to 16 years, with skeletal deformity that justified the use of CT scans, and who required the RME as part of the orthodontic treatment planning. Scans were taken before clinical procedures were performed (T0) and after stabilizing the expander screw (T1). Dolphin Imaging v. 11.5 3D software was used to measure six areas on nasal cavity: three at the anterior portion (upper, middle, and lower) and other three at the posterior portion (also upper, middle, and lower). Data were statistically treated using Shapiro-Wilk test to verify normality. Differences between T0 and T1 were calculated using the Spearman correlation and paired Student’s t-test, with a significance level of 5%. Results: All linear measurements presented a significant increase (p< 0.05) after RME, both in the anterior and posterior regions, suggesting some parallelism on the opening pattern, especially at the lower portion (p< 0.001). Conclusions: RME was able to significantly modify the internal dimensions of the nasal cavity.
Comprehensive approach to simultaneous molar intrusion and canine retraction in the treatment of Class II anterior open bite using miniscrew anchorage
Authors: Shirasaki Kaori , Ishihara Yoshihito , Komori Hiroki , Yamashiro Takashi , Kamioka Hiroshi
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT Introduction: Anterior open bite is one of the most difficult malocclusions to correct in orthodontic treatment. Molar intrusion using miniscrew anchorage has been developed as a new strategy for open bite correction; however, this procedure still has an important concern about prolonged treatment duration in the patient with anteroposterior discrepancy due to the separate step-by-step movement of anterior and posterior teeth. Objective: This article illustrates a comprehensive orthodontic approach for dentoalveolar open bite correction of an adult patient, by using miniscrew. Case report: A woman 19 years and 5 months of age had chief complaints of difficulty chewing with the anterior teeth and maxillary incisor protrusion. An open bite of -2.0 mm caused by slight elongation of the maxillary molars was found. The patient was diagnosed with Angle Class II malocclusion with anterior open bite due to the vertical elongation of maxillary molars. After extraction of the maxillary first premolars, concurrent movements of molar intrusion and canine retraction were initiated with the combined use of sectional archwires, elastic chains and miniscrews. Results: At 4 months after the procedure, positive overbite was achieved subsequent to the intrusion of maxillary molars by 1.5 mm and without undesirable side effects. Class I canine relation was also achieved at the same time. The total active treatment period was 21 months. The resultant occlusion and satisfactory facial profile were maintained after 54 months of retention. Conclusion: The presented treatment shows the potential to shorten the treatment duration and to contribute to the long-term stability for open bite correction.
Interpretable machine-learning models for estimating trip purpose in smart card data
Authors: Kim Eui-Jin , Kim Youngseo , Kim Dong-Kyu
Published: August 2020

Investigating trip purposes of transit passengers is crucial in assessing current urban transportation systems and prioritising investments in the public transportation infrastructure. Smart card data provide day-to-day information on passengers’ boardings and alightings, but the lack of information on trip purposes leads to restrictions on the use of these data. This paper focuses on estimating trip purposes of transit passengers in smart card data, using a machine-learning model that is trained by household travel survey data. To accomplish this objective, a random forest model coupled with interpretable machine-learning methods – that is, feature importance, feature interactions and accumulated local effects plot is proposed. This approach can be used to estimate trip purposes and to explain the decision-making process of the models. The models include the spatiotemporal features that can be extracted from both the smart card data and the geographic information data, which can be collected sustainably and cost-effectively. The proposed model achieves an 83% overall accuracy in its estimation of the validation data. The interpretation methods show that temporal features are the dominant factors in estimating the purposes of trips, and the spatial features influence the estimates mainly through cross-effects with the temporal features.
A NONLINEAR UNIT ROOT APPROACH TO MODELLING NEW MONETARY POLICY: EVIDENCE FROM TURKEY
Authors: CANPOLAT Şiyar , SİVRİKAYA Ayşen
Published: August 2020

In this study, we investigate the monetary policy reaction function regarding the post-2008 Global Financial Crisis using Turkish data over the period between 2009-2019. The novelty of this study is that we circumvent the unit root problem by applying the nonlinear unit root test, developed by Leybourne et al. (1998). The results imply that the Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey attaches more importance to price stability than the output gap. Moreover, we find that the Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey reacts to the real effective exchange rate, the gross foreign exchange reserves, the total credit volume of the banking sector, and the economic growth. This result is consistent with the new monetary policy in Turkey in the aftermath of the 2008 Global Financial Crisis.
Why bats matters: A critical assessment of Bat-Mediated Ecological Processes in the Neotropics
Authors: Castillo-Figueroa Dennis
Published: August 2020

New World bats play a significant role in ecosystem functioning and are imperative for maintaining environmental services. Nevertheless, human-caused environmental changes are jeopardizing bat communities, which results in the loss of functional roles provided by them. It is important, therefore, to assess ecological processes performed by bats in the Neotropics to define priorities in further research for better conservation planning. In this systematic review, I identify general trends, advances, bias, and knowledge gaps in bat-mediated ecological processes across Neotropical ecosystems. I conducted an extensive search on Google scholar, Scopus, Web of science, and Bat Eco–Interactions Database resulting in 538 references, of which 185 papers were included in the review. The papers were published in 76 peer-reviewed journals, with the highest peak between 2006-2010. From the six biomes recorded, Moist broadleaf tropical forest was the most researched, contrary to Montane biomes (<2000 m), where few studies have been conducted. Seed dispersal was the process with more studies (44%), followed by pollination (38%), nutrient cycling (10%) and arthropod suppression (8%). Seed dispersal and pollination displayed large bias on specific bat-plant systems and ecoregions, thus being important to explore other bat and plant species as well as other ecosystems. Arthropod suppression and nutrient cycling were largely overlooked despite to constitute essential functions in ecosystem resilience; particularly, more research is needed to know cascading effects on plant fitness in different agroforestry systems, but also is key the understanding of how bats can be pivotal mobile links in terrestrial ecosystems and cave environments. I highlight the importance to consider bats with multiple roles and functional trait-based approach to gain a comprehensive understanding of their functionality. Bat extirpations are likely to affect their ecological roles, therefore, mitigating major threats of bats are urgently needed to sustain ecosystem integrity in the Neotropics. Even though functional studies have increased in the last two decades, several aspects of bat roles are still obscured and is necessary to keep evaluating their ecological and economic importance to provide useful information for major decision-makings in Neotropical ecosystems' conservation.
Direct ELISA for investigating the binding of Protein-G to immunoglobulins. v1
Authors: A Justiz-Vaillant Angel , F. Smikle Monica
Published: August 2020

Streptococcal protein G is an immunoglobulin-binding protein that interacts with the Fc region of many mammalian immunoglobulins [1]. References 1.Vaillant AJ, McFarlane-Andersonv N, Wisdom B, Mohammed W, Vuma S, et al. (2013) Immunoglobulin-binding Bacterial Proteins (IBP) Conjugates and their Reactivity with Immunoglobulin in Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays (ELISA). J Anal Bioanal Tech 4: 175. doi:10.4172/2155-9872.1000175
Demonstration of the osteomalytic pelvis
Authors: Kakukshin N.
Published: August 2020

The author managed to obtain an osteomalacia pelvis from a woman in labor who died on the 8th day after a cesarean section. The author considers it to be the fifth basin out of all similar basins described and available in Russia.
Horizontal-to-Vertical Spectral Ratio (HVSR) IRIS Station Toolbox
Authors: Bahavar Manochehr , Spica Zack J. , Sánchez-Sesma Francisco J. , Trabant Chad , Zandieh Arash , Toro Gabriel
Published: August 2020

The horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio (HVSR) for seismic ambient noise is a popular method that can be used to estimate the predominant frequency at a given site. In this article, we introduce the Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology (IRIS) Data Management Center’s (DMC’s) openly available HVSR station toolbox. These tools offer a variety of ways to compute the spectral ratio by providing different averaging routines. The options range from the simple average of spectral ratios to the ratio of spectral averages. Computations take advantage of the available power spectral density estimates of ambient noise for the seismic stations, and they can be used to estimate the predominant frequency of the many three-component seismic stations available from the IRIS DMC. Furthermore, to facilitate the identification of the peaks in HVSR profiles for the assessment of the predominant frequency of station sites, the toolbox can also process the results of HVSR analysis to detect and rank HVSR peaks. To highlight the toolbox capabilities, three different examples of possible use of this toolbox for routine site-effect analysis are discussed: (1) site effects related to thawing in Arctic regions, (2) ground-motion amplification in urban area, and (3) estimation of station VS30.
Comparison between Distributed Acoustic Sensing and Geophones: Downhole Microseismic Monitoring of the FORGE Geothermal Experiment
Authors: Lellouch Ariel , Lindsey Nathaniel J. , Ellsworth William L. , Biondi Biondo L.
Published: August 2020

We compare the performance of a downhole distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) fiber-optic array with that of conventional geophones. The downhole collocated arrays are part of the Frontier Observatory for Research in Geothermal Energy (FORGE) geothermal experiment, in which stimulation of the rock volume in an enhanced geothermal system (EGS) causes microseismic events. The DAS acquisition system yields data sampled at every 1 m at 2000 samples per second for the entire length of the well, spanning to a depth of 985 m from the surface. Whereas single DAS channels are substantially noisier than geophones at the same location, their large number and spatial coherency allow for the application of effective array processing techniques. We follow a complete workflow for the fiber-optic array: velocity model building, event detection, event location, and magnitude estimation. Estimated velocity models agree well with sonic logging in a nearby well and map a granitic contact accurately. Detection performance is somewhat worse than geophones and yields magnitude completeness of −1.4 compared to −1.7 for geophones. Using a single vertical fiber array, we cannot retrieve the azimuth of the events relative to the well. However, we can very accurately estimate their depth and horizontal distance from the array. Magnitude estimation with DAS approaches geophone results to within a standard deviation of M=0.115 and negligible mean difference. The DAS processing results outperform a regional and local surface array, consolidated with a shallow borehole sensor. Although downhole geophones in the FORGE experimental layout performed better, DAS holds several critical practical benefits that were not demonstrated. Thanks to its heat resistance, it can be deployed much closer to the reservoir; fibers can be deployed along cased active wells, eliminating the need for a dedicated monitoring well; the permanently installed fiber can be used for years or decades. Therefore, we argue that DAS holds vast potential for long-term monitoring of EGS projects.
The Alaska Amphibious Community Seismic Experiment
Authors: Barcheck Grace , Abers Geoffrey A. , Adams Aubreya N. , Bécel Anne , Collins John , Gaherty James B. , Haeussler Peter J. , Li Zongshan , Moore Ginevra , Onyango Evans , Roland Emily , Sampson Daniel E. , Schwartz Susan Y. , Sheehan Anne F. , Shillington Donna J. , Shore Patrick J. , Webb Spahr , Wiens Douglas A. , Worthington Lindsay L.
Published: August 2020

The Alaska Amphibious Community Seismic Experiment (AACSE) is a shoreline-crossing passive- and active-source seismic experiment that took place from May 2018 through August 2019 along an ∼700  km long section of the Aleutian subduction zone spanning Kodiak Island and the Alaska Peninsula. The experiment featured 105 broadband seismometers; 30 were deployed onshore, and 75 were deployed offshore in Ocean Bottom Seismometer (OBS) packages. Additional strong-motion instruments were also deployed at six onshore seismic sites. Offshore OBS stretched from the outer rise across the trench to the shelf. OBSs in shallow water (<262  m depth) were deployed with a trawl-resistant shield, and deeper OBSs were unshielded. Additionally, a number of OBS-mounted strong-motion instruments, differential and absolute pressure gauges, hydrophones, and temperature and salinity sensors were deployed. OBSs were deployed on two cruises of the R/V Sikuliaq in May and July 2018 and retrieved on two cruises aboard the R/V Sikuliaq and R/V Langseth in August–September 2019. A complementary 398-instrument nodal seismometer array was deployed on Kodiak Island for four weeks in May–June 2019, and an active-source seismic survey on the R/V Langseth was arranged in June 2019 to shoot into the AACSE broadband network and the nodes. Additional underway data from cruises include seafloor bathymetry and sub-bottom profiles, with extra data collected near the rupture zone of the 2018 Mw 7.9 offshore-Kodiak earthquake. The AACSE network was deployed simultaneously with the EarthScope Transportable Array (TA) in Alaska, effectively densifying and extending the TA offshore in the region of the Alaska Peninsula. AACSE is a community experiment, and all data were made available publicly as soon as feasible in appropriate repositories.
Innovación turística: perspectivas teóricas y objetos de estudio
Authors: Álvarez Sousa Antón , Rego Veiga Gustavo , Leira López José , Gomis Rodríguez Alfonso , Caramés Valo Rosa , Andrade Suárez María José
Published: August 2020

En este artículo analizamos la innovación en el sector turístico desde el enfoque del sujeto organización en cuanto actor de la innovación. Partimos del contexto en el que las organizaciones realizan acciones de innovación, indicando las grandes tendencias de innovación en el sector, el sistema nacional y local de innovación. Diferenciamos distintos tipos de innovación según la profundidad (radical o incremental) y según el factor de innovación (producto, proceso, mercado, organizacional) indicando la fuente, la motivación-efecto de la innovación y los obstáculos de la no introducción. Para cada innovación indicamos el tipo de organización más proclive a introducirla según el tamaño (grandes y pequeñas), el asentamiento (residentes y nuevos participantes) y las características de sus dirigentes.
Innovación en la actividad turística vasca: hacia un modelo competitivo en la C.A. de Euskadi
Authors: Alzua Sorzabal Aurkene , Abad Galzacorta Marina
Published: August 2020

En un marco global de creciente importancia económica de la industria turística, los datos atestiguan que la evolución del sector turístico en la Comunidad Autónoma de Euskadi muestra una senda de crecimiento sostenido, que sin embargo viene marcado por un cambio progresivo en la estructura de la demanda y por un entorno donde cada vez hay más competencia. La adecuación del sistema a esta nueva realidad y en consecuencia, a las nuevas necesidades, constituye un importante reto desde el punto de vista de la gestión turística y pasa, necesariamente, por la mejora de la competitividad del turismo vasco. Por otro lado, el papel central de la innovación en los distintos procesos económicos y en la mejora de la competitividad de un país es irrefutable y además existen evidencias de que la innovación es el factor dominante de la competitividad internacional, y por tanto, del crecimiento económico nacional. En definitiva, en el nuevo entorno competitivo en el que se desarrolla la actividad turística mundial, parece que la adopción y el uso estratégico de las TIC pueden ayudar a la empresa a mejorar su eficiencia y a ser más competitiva, esencialmente a través del canal que supone el dinamismo innovador. En este estudio se ha realizado un acercamiento a esta realidad vasca con el objetivo de entender mejor cómo se está situando el sector turístico vasco en este nuevo entorno competitivo, es decir, conocer mejor cómo se está llevando a cabo esa adopción estratégica de innovación y de TIC, tratando igualmente de identificar cuáles son las principales barreras en la adopción de la innovación.
Estructura organizativa e imagen promocional del Camino de Santiago
Authors: Álvarez Sousa Antón , Gomis Rodríguez Alfonso , Gallego Valiña Miguel Ángel
Published: August 2020

Se analiza la promoción del Camino de Santiago en las últimas décadas, el contexto en que se hizo, los actores que intervinieron en el proceso, las estrategias de promoción para atraer a turistas y a intermediarios, el patrocinio, la colaboración con el sector privado, con las instituciones políticas, con los medios de comunicación y con la sociedad civil; las acciones de comunicación realizadas, los materiales empleados con sus símbolos de identidad (mascota, logotipos, credenciales), los cambios de imagen bajo la marca Xacobeo, y la correspondencia entre comunicación realizada (imagen proyectada), la imagen conformada previa, y la imagen percibida a posteriori por los visitantes.
Body mass index increases CD4+ count in HIV/AIDS patients on first-line therapy
Authors: Widiyanti Mirna , Hadi Moch Irfan , Kumalasari Mei Lina Fitri , Natalia Evi Iriani , Purba Dedi Ananta , Adiningsih Setyo
Published: August 2020

BackgroundThe body mass index (BMI) may contribute somewhat to drug metabolism, thus affecting the efficacy of antiretroviral therapy (ART). CD4+ counts   in people infected with HIV are essential in determining the stage of the disease, initiation of antiretroviral therapy, opportunistic infections and evaluating treatment outcomes. The aim of this study was to determine the association of BMI and clinical stage with CD4+ counts in HIV patients seeking treatment using first-line antiretroviral therapy (ART).MethodsAn analytic study with a cross-sectional approach was conducted involving 251 HIV/AIDS patients who had received first-line antiretrovirals over six months. BMI, clinical staging according to WHO and CD4 + were collected. Multiple linear regression was used to evaluate the relationship between BMI, clinical stage and CD4+.ResultsAmong the enrolled patients, the median age was 36 years, 135 (55%) of the patients was female, 102 (40.6%) was overweight/obese, 161 (64.1%) was in stage 3 of the disease, and the median CD4+ count was 389 cells/mm3. Multiple linear regression test showed two variables with a significant effect on CD4+ count, namely BMI (B=69.247; 95 % CI : 42.886-95.608) and clinical stage (B=61.590; 28.910-94.270). BMI was the most influencing factor for CD4+ count (β=0.307) compared to clinical stage (β=0.216). ConclusionsBody mass index was the most influencing factor for CD4 + counts of HIV/AIDS patients. Regular ART can increase CD4+ counts and maintain the health of HIV/AIDS patients.
Real time polymerase chain reaction for detecting SARS-COV-2 in Indonesia: are the results reliable?
Authors: Hartanti Monica Dwi
Published: August 2020

Since it was first reported in Wuhan, China in December 2019, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been considered as a pandemic. It is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a member of the Coronavirus family. In Indonesia, this disease first detected in the middle of March 2020 and it was spreading all over Indonesia. The Indonesian Government has implemented several strategies in order to detain the spreading of COVID-19, including improving diagnostic management. Until now, the most reliable method of detecting COVID-19 is real time-PCR.
Accuracy of intraoperative frozen section in assessing margins in oral cancers: A tertiary care hospital based study
Authors: Pandey Surabhi , Bhamra Swarneet , Singh Ankita
Published: August 2020

To study the accuracy of intraoperative frozen section diagnosis in assessing margins in oral cancer resection. But reliability of frozen sections in predicting the ultimate final margin status is unknown. We compared frozen and permanent reads to identify risk factors for overall discrepancies between intraoperative and final margin status.

To evaluate the role of frozen section diagnosis as a guide in resection of oral cancer lesions.

Pathology reports of 284 surgical resections specimens between 2018 and 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. A total of 104 cases (470) margins) met inclusion criteria. The reports of frozen sections are compared with the results of histologic findings obtained by routine paraffin embedded Haematoxylin and Eosin method.

The comparison of the section from margins i.e. anterior, posterior, medial, lateral and deep, altogether 470 margins from 104 patients showed concordance in 437 margins, i.e. 446 margins were negative in both frozen section and Paraffin method and 16 margins were positive in both frozen section and Paraffin method. 22 margins were positive in paraffin method. 18 margins were positive in frozen section. The eight margins showed disagreement in frozen section and paraffin embedded Haematoxylin and Eosin method.

Individual frozen section reads are highly accurate. However, negative intraoperative margins do not guarantee margin-negative resections. The process of selecting representative margins for intraoperative analysis should be refined. The surgeon and the pathologist must understand the limitations of frozen sections.
Dydaktyczne postulaty Ludwiki Jeleńskiej (1885-1961) w świetle założeń współczesnej pedagogiki integralnej
Authors: Waga Leszek
Published: August 2020

Głównym celem artykułu jest wykazanie obecności współczesnych założeń pedagogiki integralnej w postulatach dydaktycznych Ludwiki Jeleńskiej (1885-1961). Rozważania wpisują się w historyczne badania pedagogiczne, w których zastosowana jest metoda analizy i krytyki źródeł. W pierwszym punkcie dokonana jest operacjonalizacja pojęcia „pedagogika integralna”. Drugi punkt zawiera prezentację obecności myśli dydaktycznej L. Jeleńskiej we współczesnej literaturze pedagogicznej. W trzecim punkcie zrelacjonowane są wyniki analizy dydaktyki L. Jeleńskiej w perspektywie dzisiejszych założeń pedagogiki integralnej. Analizy te uprawniają do stwierdzenia, że pomimo licznych uwarunkowań społeczno-kulturowych, ekonomicznych i politycznych, mających wpływ na opisy pracy dydaktycznej polskiego nauczyciela okresu międzywojennego i powojennego, postulaty dotyczące wychowania integralnego i pedagogiki integralnej formułowane XXI wieku były bliskie tej autorce.