bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Rosja, kobieta, ekspresja…
Authors: Rozwadowska Kinga
Published: May 2015

Russia, Women and Expression… On the Strategies of Removing the Stranger from Translation of Leonid Andreev’s Short Story: Žiznʹ Vasiliâ Fivejskogo
The article presents a comparative analysis of two Polish translations of Leonid Andreev’s short story Жизнь Василия Фивейского, made by: Stanislawa Kruszewska (Żywot Bazylego Fiwejskiego) and Henryk and Jan Zbierzchowski (Życie o. Wasyla / Ojciec Wasyl z Teb). The aim of the comparison is to describe numerous types of manipulation strategies used by Zbierzchowski brothers in order to adjust the story to the norms of target culture. The changes in their translation are related to cultural, aesthetic and gender “strangeness”, which has been removed from the text. In the Author’s opinion, most of the assimilating strategies used by translators should be analyzed in the context of Henryk Zbierzchowski’s literary works.
Daty, fakty, skojarzenia
Authors: Kotyńska Katarzyna
Published: May 2015

Dates, Facts and Associations: Translating Realities: The Case of the Yuriy Andrukhowych’s Poems
This short work by Yuriy Andrukhowych entitled “Songs for a Dead Rooster” (Пісні для мертвого півня) is a collection of free-verse poems, written in seemingly uncomplicated language. At the first glance, they are a subject to an easy translation. On the other hand, these are largely pieces which are deeply rooted in Ukrainian reality and tradition. The Author, with an admirable subtlety of tones uses different registers of the Ukrainian and Russian languages. The whole work is written in the context of the Ukrainian language, with clear emphasis on stylistics. Using two lines of the poems, translated by Bohdan Zadura and the Author of this paper, possible approaches to interpretation of this work available to a translator are discussed, and the resulting balance of gains and losses is presented.
Procesy przekładu i metody translacyjne na materiale czeskim i polskim – ekwiwalencja realiów biblijnych
Authors: Hampl Lubomir
Published: May 2015

The Processes and Methods of Czech and Polish Translation – the Equivalence of Biblical Realities
In this article the Author focuses on issues related to the widely understood process of translation. The subject of the analysis are mainly Czech and Polish biblical verses which use proper names (geographical terminology and executive functions performed). At this point, the Author analyses cultural elements - perceived as figure translation – that is the way they were transferred from the source text to the target text. During the process of translation one may observe the phenomenon associated with both foreignization and domestication (depending on the kind of translation). One is also dealing with a mirror image of the original text, widely understood linguistic adaptation and conversion, direct transfer, definitional development, the so-called metatranslational mistakes consisting in reducing the cultural element or functional equivalence translation. The translated biblical realities narrowed down to, for example, geographical names, means of payment or executive functions performed may be connected with cognitive models, sometimes giving them different terminology, which could be culturally conditioned.
Dermatological complications to consider when managing IBD patients
Authors: Younge Lisa
Published: May 2015

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory condition affecting the gastrointestinal tract. In addition to the bowel-specific symptoms associated with IBD, there is the potential for a patient to develop a number of extraintestinal manifestations. This article discusses the potential dermatological associations of IBD, taking into consideration the underlying causes or associations of these within the overall management of the individual. Specific subgroups of dermatological complications have been described in the literature and these will be outlined, in addition to treatment strategies that might be undertaken in the IBD setting or in collaboration with other specialities as appropriate. Its aim is to provide an overview of how nurses caring for individuals with IBD can be alert to the dermatological complications that may affect this patient group, develop an understanding of the pathology involved, and become involved in the management where appropriate.
Look into the blue yonder
Authors: Williams Brenda
Published: May 2015

The changeability of the sky holds a fascination for children, and they will enjoy linking types of weather to similarities and difference, and creating colourful works of art suggested by Brenda Williams’ poem.
It's a numbers game
Authors: Hewson Claire
Published: May 2015

Help children to develop mathematical proficiency and many other skills through exciting indoor and outdoor activities, such as making dinosaur bones and building pens for farm animals.
All the world's a stage
Authors: Doyle Phoebe
Published: May 2015

Using drama can boost self-esteem and improve learning outcomes, while being enormously fun, so why keep it as a ‘once in a while’ activity? Phoebe Doyle looks at reasons and strategies for using drama daily.
Staff and volunteers’ perceptions of the volunteer programme: an alternative use of the Net Benefits Index
Authors: Cordery Carolyn , Smith Karen , Proctor-Thomson Sarah
Published: May 2015

Hager and Brudney (2004, 2005) developed a Net Benefits Index (NBI) to measure the performance of volunteer programmes. Their benchmarking tool scores an organisation's performance against six specific benefits and eight recognised challenges that organisations face in recruiting and managing volunteers. This article extends the NBI by demonstrating its use as an internal programme evaluation tool within two health non-profit organisations. By surveying all staff and volunteers (rather than relying on the organisational response from a single individual), the tool provides valuable insights into volunteer and staff attitudes about the volunteer programme. In addition to critiquing the NBI, this article highlights reasons for divergent scores between volunteers and staff and the improvements that can be made to a volunteer programme's effectiveness as a result of measurement.
Social media and the #Occupy Nigeria Protests: Igniting or damping a Harmattan storm?
Authors: Egbunike Nwachukwu , Olorunnisola Anthony
Published: May 2015

This study compared social media (new media) and newspapers’ framing of the January 2012 #Occupy Nigeria Protest. Authors employed content analysis to investigate similarities and differences in the frames adopted by social media (Facebook page, blogs, conversations in Nairaland and Twitter) and three national newspapers (the Nigerian Tribune, The Guardian and The Punch) during the protest. Findings show that the old media fared better than the social media in their framing of the motivation, diagnosis and prognosis of the protest. This study established that representatives of the old media were better contributors to the prosecution and/or discourse of the Occupy Nigeria Protests than the social media.
Social media platforms of reality drama: A study of selected Facebook accounts
Authors: Ehiemua Kingsley I. , Omoera Osakue S.
Published: May 2015

This article undertakes a linguistic description of the spontaneous and ‘on-demand’ conversational language on social media platforms, using some Facebook accounts to explicate its pedagogical and aesthetic values from the premise that art is both instructive and entertaining. The spontaneous and on-demand conversational language of the Facebook is what this article refers to as ‘real-time’ language. This has become a major part of the inherently essential style of the Facebook and which qualifies it as a narrative similar to reality drama, if not exactly so. This study uses the personal Facebook chats of four Nigerians to affirm that the popularity of the Facebook Internet phenomenon in Nigeria is partly, but significantly, due to the artistic function of its conversational language and its dramatic potentials apart from the democratization, portability, accessibility and the interactiveness of the new media.
La Confesión rimada de Fernán Pérez de Guzmán: estudio y edición
Authors: Díez Garretas María Jesús
Published: May 2015

A pesar de haberse realizado cuatro ediciones modernas de la Confesión rimada de Fernán Pérez de Guzmán, nos pareció necesario llevar a cabo una nueva edición en la que se tuvieran en cuenta los cinco testimonios antiguos en los que se conserva —tres manuscritos y dos impresos— así como las ediciones modernas citadas. Fernán Pérez de Guzmán escribe esta obra cuando cuenta con más de 70 años, etapa última de la vida del autor en la que el hombre y el poeta se unen con el mismo propósito: hacer una confesión general. En 189 coplas, el autor examina su conciencia, confiesa sus pecados y declara su arrepentimiento. Para su confección toma probablemente como modelo el Rimado de palacio de Pero López de Ayala, aunque que sigue la estructura reglada por los catecismos y los manuales de confesores, valiéndose además de la tradición y de la lectura, de su propia experiencia y de la reflexión, y asentando sus afirmaciones en las autoridades. Su intención es didáctica y moralizadora, pero sin dejar de poner de manifiesto una dura crítica a la sociedad de su tiempo.
A trindade de Pedro Garcia de Ambroa
Authors: Ventura Ruiz Joaquim
Published: May 2015

Os estudosos da lírica medieval galego-portuguesa están divididos á hora de considerar se o trobador Pedro García de Ambroa e o segrel Pedro de Ambroa son a mesma persoa ou non. Unha confusión reforzada pola presenza dun homónimo, morto en 1237, a quen se lle atribúe a persoalidade do primeiro. Por outra parte, tamén hai dúbidas verbo da participación do segundo nas cruzadas, en compañía de María Pérez «Balteira». Analizar a súa aparición póstuma nunha querela presentada polo mosteiro de Monfero e nun inventario testamentario en 1261 permete coñecer quen foi este Pedro García de Ambroa.
Both nursery and field performance determine suitable nitrogen supply of nursery-grown, exponentially fertilized Chinese pine
Authors: Wang Jiaxi , Li Guolei , Pinto Jeremiah , Liu Jiajia , Shi Wenhui , Liu Yong
Published: May 2015

Optimum fertilization levels are often determined solely from nursery growth responses. However, it is the performance of the seedling on the outplanting site that is the most important. For species seedlings, little information is known about the field performance of plants cultured with different nutrient rates, especially with exponential fertilization. In this study, Chinese pine ( Carr.) seedlings grown in 187 ml containers were fertilized exponentially in 6 treatments ranging from 10 to 120 mg N seedling for 25 weeks before outplanting. Dry mass and N content were measured at planting. Survival and field growth were monitored for two growing seasons. In the nursery, our data showed no difference in dry mass among the 40, 80, 100, and 120 mg N seedling fertilizer treatments; collectively, these treatments were significantly greater than at 10 and 20 mg N seedling treatments. Seedling N content was greatest for the 100 and 120 mg N seedling rates. These data suggested that nursery optimum N fertilization rate was no less than 100 mg N seedling. Outplanting height and root-collar diameter growth characteristics were not significantly different after two years, whereas maximum mean survival was best for seedlings nursery-fertilized at 80 mg N seedling. In consideration of both nursery and field performance metrics, our data suggest that exponentially fertilizing Chinese pine seedlings at 80 mg N seedling maximizes both nursery biomass accumulation and outplanting survival.Pinus Pinus tabulaeformisâ1â1â1â1â1â1â1
Arbeit und Ambivalenz
Authors: Kruse (verst.) Jan
Published: May 2015

Die Soziale Arbeit befindet sich in einer Sackgasse: Innerhalb ihrer fortwährenden Identitätssuche verliert sie sich in modernistischen Professionalisierungsanforderungen. Das Ziel der Studie besteht deshalb darin, auf der Grundlage einer diskursanalytischen Kritik der professionstheoretischen Diskussionen ein zum gegenwärtig herrschenden Mainstream alternatives Professionalisierungsverständnis zu entwerfen, indem die Praktiken Sozialer Arbeit als subjektivierendes Arbeitshandeln untersucht und mit denen einer ganz anderen Berufsgruppe verglichen werden: mit den Praktiken von Arbeitskräften aus Informations- und Kommunikationsdienstleistungen!
Darwins Erben in den Medien
Authors: Linke Sebastian
Published: May 2015

Die Biowissenschaften haben in den letzten Jahren einen regelrechten - insbesondere medialen - Boom erfahren. Im Zuge dieses Interesses erlebten auch andere biologische Konzepte wie das der Soziobiologie neue Aufmerksamkeit, obwohl ihre wissenschaftliche Diskussion bereits 20 Jahre zuvor stattfand. Die Studie analysiert erstmalig den Zusammenhang zwischen der internationalen wissenschaftlichen Diskussion und der medialen Darstellung der Soziobiologie in Deutschland. Entgegen dem traditionellen Popularisierungsmodell zeigt dieser Fall, dass Wissenschaft in den Medien keine Abbildung der akademischen Diskussion ist, sondern von kulturellen Rahmenbedingungen geprägt wird.
Paratexte des Films
Authors: Böhnke Alexander
Published: May 2015

Wie wird der Raum eines Films konstituiert? Dieses Buch geht diese Frage von den Grenzen des Films an, überträgt hierfür das Konzept ›Paratext‹ - von Gérard Genette anhand des Mediums Buch entwickelt - auf den Film und fragt nach den Rahmen des Erzählkinos. Wenn man Paratexte wie den Vorspann fokussiert, bricht die Einheit des Filmtextes auf und Innen- sowie Außenbezüge werden analysierbar. Im besonderen Blickpunkt steht das Konzept der ›Diegese‹, das den Erzählraum des Films bezeichnet. Vier Analysen post-klassischer Hollywoodfilme der 1990er Jahre führen das Zusammenwirken von Text und Paratext exemplarisch vor.
Ästhetik des Fadens
Authors: Schmidt Gunnar
Published: May 2015

In der Avantgardekunst des 20. und 21. Jahrhunderts, die mit einem erweiterten Kunstbegriff operiert, findet ein Material wieder und wieder Verwendung, das zwischen armer Stofflichkeit und poetisch-metaphorischer Sinnfülle angesiedelt ist - der Faden. Die vorliegende »Fadenästhetik« bringt erstmalig unterschiedliche künstlerische Strategien in eine Zusammenschau und zeigt, wie das Material ästhetisch medialisiert wird. Assoziationsreiche Kurzessays, in denen grundlegende Erfahrungen des Raums und des Körpers artikuliert werden, bringen auf überraschende Weise die zum Teil hermetischen Kunstwerke von Künstlern wie Eva Hesse, Fred Sandback, Rosemarie Trockel, Robert Morris u.a. zum Sprechen.
Represented Reporters
Authors: Korte Barbara
Published: May 2015

War correspondents are prominent actors in the media world. They took hold in the cultural imaginary soon after their profession had been created in the mid-19th century. With a particular focus on Britain, this study investigates the representation of war correspondents from Victorian times to the present, in memoirs, novels and films. Such representations react to prevailing notions that exist about war reporters and participate in their further construction. With its cultural approach, this book complements studies of war correspondents in media and communication studies, history and ethnology.
Sinn und Krise moderner Architektur
Authors: Köppler Jörn
Published: May 2015

Was ist der Sinngehalt modernen Bauens? Eine offene Frage: Vor dem Hintergrund des Subjektivitätsproblems der Moderne (Habermas) wurden bisher alle Bedeutungsfragen aus den bestimmenden Theorien moderner Architektur verdrängt, was zu der weitestgehenden Inhaltsleere zeitgenössischen Bauens geführt hat. Jörn Köppler dagegen weist auf eine aus der Erfahrung der Schönheit begründete, sinnbestimmte Architektur hin, die auch heute noch das Bedürfnis des Menschen nach geistiger Heimat erfüllen kann. Das Buch richtet sich damit nicht allein an ein Fachpublikum, sondern an alle Leser_innen, denen das Projekt der Aufklärung ein Anliegen ist.
Unwerter Genuss
Authors: Kamphausen Gerrit
Published: May 2015

Opiumkonsum ist kulturfähig! Warum dies so ist, zeigt Gerrit Kamphausen anhand der Kultur- und Kriminalsoziologie des Opiumgebrauchs und einer kritischen Analyse von Drogendiskursen und der Drogenpolitik im 20. Jahrhundert. Dabei steht die Wirkung von »Unwertideen« auf Formen der Drogenkultur und der Lebensführung der Konsumenten im Vordergrund. Die Untersuchung zeigt, dass sowohl der massenhafte Vertrieb von Drogen als moderne Konsumgüter wie auch das Totalverbot des Genusskonsums nicht geeignet sind, zu einem kulturell integrierten und damit möglichst schadfreien Drogengebrauch beizutragen.
Frauenzeitschriften aus der Sicht ihrer Leserinnen
Authors: Müller Kathrin Friederike
Published: May 2015

Warum und auf welche Weise nutzen Frauen klassische Frauenzeitschriften? Die Studie beantwortet diese Frage auf Basis qualitativer Tiefeninterviews mit »Brigitte«-Leserinnen und analysiert die lebensgeschichtliche Entwicklung der Rezeption, ihre Integration in den Alltag sowie Prozesse des »Doing Gender«. Die Befunde machen u.a. deutlich, dass die Leserinnen das Medium als »Kompendium weiblicher Alltagskultur« verstehen und im Alltag als »symbolischen Feierabend« nutzen. Gender wird während der Rezeption performativ zum Ausdruck gebracht. Seine (De-)Konstruktion bestätigt sich als produktives, nicht aber als subversives Moment der Rezeption: »Weiblichkeit« wird aufgewertet, Zweigeschlechtlichkeit jedoch fortgeschrieben.
Strong solutions of the Boussinesq system in exterior domains
Authors: Komo Christian
Published: May 2015

We consider the instationary Boussinesq equations in a smooth three-dimensional exterior domain.
A strong solution is a weak solution such that the velocity field additionally satisfies Serrin's condition. The crucial point in this concept of a strong solution is the fact that we have required no additional integrability condition for the temperature. We present a sufficient criterion for the existence of such a strong solution. Further we will characterize the class of initial values that allow the existence of such a strong solution in a sufficiently small interval. Finally, we will obtain a uniqueness criterion for weak solutions of the Boussinesq equations which is based on the identification of a weak solution with a strong solution.
Public Education, Accountability, and Yardstick Competition in a Federal System
Authors: Mandel Philipp , Süssmuth Bernd
Published: May 2015

Against the backdrop of a growing national and international accountability movement in education outcomes, this study sets up a simple model of yardstick competition with incumbent-disciplining effects through voters comparing performance measures of public education both across nations and federal states. It implies a potential strategic dilemma where a single top-performance state can block reform measures that could benefit low-performance states more than would do for itself. The linchpin predictions of the model are tested by analyzing announcement effects of student achievement tests on vote and popularity (VP) functions of German national and state government incumbents.
An investigation on mechanical failure of hip joint using finite element method
Authors: Sofuoglu Hasan , Cetin Mehmet Emin
Published: May 2015

The aim of this work was to study how the stress distributions of the hip joint’s components were changed if the activity was switched from walking to stair climbing for three different prostheses types subjected to either concentrated or distributed load. In the scope of the study, three different cemented prostheses, namely, Charnley, Muller, and Hipokrat were used for cemented total hip arthroplasty (THA) reconstruction. The finite element modeling of the hip joint with prosthesis was developed for both hip contact and muscle forces during walking and stair climbing activities. The finite element analyses were then pursued for both concentrated and distributed loading conditions applied statically on these models. Maximum von Mises stresses and strains occurred on the cortical and trabecular layers of bones; prosthesis and cement mantle were determined in order to investigate the mechanical failure of cemented THA reconstruction subjected to the different femoral loading and the activity conditions. This study showed that prosthesis, loading, and activity types had a significant effect on the stresses of components of the hip joint utilized for predicting mechanical failure of the cemented THA reconstruction.
Application of the extended clearance concept classification system (ECCCS) to predict the victim drug-drug interaction potential of statins
Authors: Kunze Annett , Poller Birk , Huwyler Jörg , Camenisch Gian
Published: May 2015

Background: During drug development, it is an important safety factor to identify the potential of new molecular entities to become a victim of drug-drug interactions (DDIs). In preclinical development, however, anticipation of clinical DDIs remains challenging due to the lack of in vivo human pharmacokinetic data.

Methods: We applied a recently developed in vitro-in vivo extrapolation method, including hepatic metabolism and transport processes, herein referred to as the Extended Clearance Concept Classification System (ECCCS). The human hepatic clearances and the victim DDI potentials were predicted for atorvastatin, cerivastatin, fluvastatin, lovastatin acid, pitavastatin, pravastatin, rosuvastatin, and simvastatin acid.

Results: Hepatic statin clearances were well-predicted by the ECCCS with six out of eight clearances projected within a two-fold deviation to reported values. In addition, worst-case DDI predictions were projected for each statin. Based on the ECCCS class assignment (4 classes), the mechanistic interplay of metabolic and transport processes, resulting in different DDI risks, was well-reflected by our model. Furthermore, predictions of clinically observed statins DDIs in combination with relevant perpetrator drugs showed good quantitative correlations with clinical observations.

Conclusions: The ECCCS represents a powerful tool to anticipate the DDI potential of victim drugs based on in vitro drug metabolism and transport data.
Herbaceous Plants for Climate Adaptation and Intensely Developed Urban Sites In Northern Europe: A Case Study From the Eastern Romanian Steppe
Authors: Sjöman Henrik , Bellan Patrick , Hitchmough James , Oprea Adrian
Published: May 2015

In the increasingly compact city, services currently provided for in parks will in future be compressed into smaller green unit-structures, often associated with paved surfaces. Left-over spaces in urban environments, such as traffic roundabouts and strips along paths, roads and other corridors, will be important in the future city in order to deliver different eco-system services, especially stormwater management. It is therefore essential to start now to develop the knowledge and experience needed to create sustainable plantings for these sites. This paper presents the findings of a field survey in eastern Romania that sought to identify potential species for urban paved plantings in the Scandinavian region (northern Europe). The research approach is rooted in the hypothesis that studies of natural vegetation systems and habitats where plants are exposed to environmental conditions similar to those in inner-city environments can: 1) identify new or non-traditional species and genotypes adapted to urban environments; and 2) supply information and knowledge about their use potential concerning growth, flowering, life form, etc. In total, 117 different herbaceous species, all of which experience water stress regimes comparable to those in urban paved sites in Scandinavia. The initial information obtained from this field survey present a base of knowledge of which species that have a future potential for use in urban environment, which is of great importance in the following work within this project instead of testing species randomly without this knowledge of the species tolerance and performance in similar habitats.
Remote Sensing of Suspended Sediment Over Gulf of Martaban
Authors: Matamin Abd Rahman , Ahmad Fadhli , Mamat Mustafa , Abdullah Khiruddin , Harun Shahariah
Published: May 2015

Gulf of Martaban is located at the north of Andaman, and is one of the world most turbid areas. The presence of suspended sediment concentration (SSC) in the water body could reduce the underwater transmittance. This study has been conducted to investigate the variation of SSC over the Gulf of Martaban. Remote sensing reflectance (Rrs) of 667 nm is used as a proxy to represent the sediment SSC variation over the study area. The data for the period of July 2002 to March 2014 acquired from MODIS Aqua 4 km resolution are used in this study. As a result, there is no obvious yearly variation in the SSC cover area. The SSC variation over this study area is found to be seasonal. High homogenous SSC covers area observably during the northeast (NE) monsoon season that occurs from December to January. The sediment cover area could reach the latitude of 15°N that located at the south of the gulf. During southwest (SW) monsoon season that occurs from May to September, low and sparse SSC cover area is observed. As a consequence, the area covered by the SSC is higher during the NE monsoon season as compared to the SW monsoon season. Hence, the SSC cover area during the NE monsoon season is greater than the yearly averaged SSC cover area. Meanwhile the SSC cover area during the rainy SW monsoon season is less than the yearly and NE monsoon season.
Relationships Between Fungal Contamination and Some Physicochemical Properties of Rapeseeds
Authors: Janda Katarzyna , Markowska-Szczupak Agata
Published: May 2015

The aim of this study was to evaluate some properties of rapeseed, to determine the amount of fungi including thermotolerant and xerophilic species and to specify the correlations between some physical properties of rapeseed and the number of fungi. Material was 18 samples of rapeseeds. The characteristics of seeds included volumetric weight, impurities, pH, moisture, water activity, fat content, fat acidity and critical moisture of seeds. Number of fungi were investigated on RBA, YpSs, DG18 medium at 25, 37 and 45°C. Differences between amount of rapeseed impurities and fat acidity have been revealed. The number of fungi was diversified depending on medium and incubation temperature. The largest fungi number was isolated on DG18 at 25°C. Correlations between physicochemical properties of seeds and number of isolated fungi have been pointed out. Our study demonstrated that low pH values and weight by volume of seeds as well as high acidity of fat can be used as indicators of contamination of rapeseeds by fungi.
Behaviour and Ecological Impacts of Termites: Fecundity Investigations in Mounds
Authors: Wako Sutuma Edessa
Published: May 2015

A radical study was conducted on the behaviour and ecological impacts of termites in Haru District of Western Oromia, Ethiopia. It was aimed at investigating the natural behaviour, fecundity in mounds, ecological impacts and recommending possible solutions to termite problems. Four mounds in different sites were vertically dug down to display the profile of the queen, soldiers, workers, number of laid eggs, nymphs and colonies of termites. On an average, termite queens of the study site may lay about 25 eggs per minute, 36, 000 eggs per day and 13, 140, 000 eggs annually. The fourth queen was unearthed to study the structure, size, number of ovaries and fecundity. It was examined that the death of a queen does not affect the colony, because four small queens are formed and one of them becomes the queen of queens and replaced the dead queen promptly. Accordingly, termites are found to be one of the most destructive agents of our ecosystems and their management requests careful and biological control methods. As a result, the negative effect of termites outweighs the positive effect of termites so that minimising the population size is important for human beings.
Emission of Harmful Gases from Poultry Farms and Possibilities of Their Reduction
Authors: Brouček Jan , Čermák Bohuslav
Published: May 2015

This review is devoted to methodology that can help to assess emission of gases from poultry housings and could be used to expand the knowledge base of researchers, policymakers and farmers to maintain sustainable environment conditions for farming systems. Concentration and emission of ammonia, methane, nitrous oxide and carbon dioxide in poultry barns are discussed in this paper. Surveys of ammonia and greenhouse gases mean concentrations and emission factors in different poultry systems are showed. This paper is also gives the findings in emission mitigation, especially to different manure handling practices, management schemes, housing and facility designs for broilers and laying hens. Finally this paper focused on investigating practical means to reduce air emissions from animal production facilities.
Regularization strategy for determining laser beam quality parameters
Authors: Regińska Teresa , Regiński Kazimierz
Published: May 2015

A simplified model of a laser beam leads to an ill-posed Cauchy problem for the Helmholtz equation on an infinite strip. In the case of large wave numbers, the problem corresponds to an operator equation with an unbounded operator. The first problem considered concerns optimality of a spectral type regularization method for reconstructing the radiation field from measurements given only on a part of the boundary. The optimal order of convergence, previously known for particular cases, is proved for an arbitrary wave number and for nonzero Dirichlet and Neumann conditions under a priori and a posteriori choice of a regularization parameter.
In the second part, the regularized solutions are employed to describe the geometrical properties of the beam and, in particular, to find approximate beam quality parameters such as the waist of the axial profile of the beam and its position. The mathematical considerations are preceded by a section where the main notions of laser beam optics are introduced and briefly explained.
The first solution of a long standing problem: Reconstruction formula
for a 3-d phaseless inverse scattering problem for the Schrödinger
equation
Authors: Klibanov Michael V. , Romanov Vladimir G.
Published: May 2015

A long standing problem is completely solved here for the first time. This
problem was posed by K. Chadan and P. C. Sabatier in their classical book
“Inverse Problems in Quantum Scattering Theory”, Springer,
New York, 1977. The inverse scattering problem of the reconstruction of the
unknown potential with a compact support in the three-dimensional Schrödinger equation
is considered. Only the modulus of the scattering complex-valued wave field
is known, whereas the phase is unknown. It is shown that the unknown
potential can be reconstructed via the inverse Radon transform. This
solution has potential applications in imaging of nanostructures.
A Test of the Long Memory Hypothesis Based on Self-Similarity
Authors: Davidson James , Rambaccussing Dooruj
Published: May 2015

This paper develops a new test of true versus spurious long memory, based on log-periodogram estimation of the long memory parameter using skip-sampled data. A correction factor is derived to overcome the bias in this estimator due to aliasing. The procedure is designed to be used in the context of a conventional test of significance of the long memory parameter, and a composite test procedure is described that has the properties of known asymptotic size and consistency. The test is implemented using the bootstrap, with the distribution under the null hypothesis being approximated using a dependent-sample bootstrap technique to approximate short-run dependence following fractional differencing. The properties of the test are investigated in a set of Monte Carlo experiments. The procedure is illustrated by applications to exchange rate volatility and dividend growth series.
Study on the impact of Fe2P phase on the electrochemical performance of LiFePO4
Authors: Ma Yuan , Liu Dajun
Published: May 2015

The research on impurity in the lithium iron phosphate has been a hot topic. Especially when prepared by the solid state method, the impurities occurred easily through high-heat sintering. But some impurity is not completely bad for the cell performance, such as Fe2P. In this paper, the influence of Fe2P has been researched. Using the magnetic separation method, the high and low contents of Fe2P in lithium iron phosphate are obtained and then compared with the primary sample. Results show that the Fe2P phase helps to improve the rate and cycling performances, but a too high content will decrease the specific capacity of the sample due to the low content of active material. It is proven with the electrochemical measurement that the Fe2P phase could enhance the electrical conductivity of cathode, but it gives electrochemical inactivity. It can be concluded that the high rate or high capacity types LiFePO4 could be obtained by controlling the content of Fe2P through adjusting the preparation process.
Bank characteristics and the interbank money market: a distributional approach
Authors: Iori Giulia , Kapar Burcu , Olmo Jose
Published: May 2015

This paper studies the relationship between bank characteristics, such as size, nationality, operating currency and sovereign debt in the parent country, and the distribution of funding spreads observed in the e-MID interbank money market during the Great financial crisis. Our setup is a pseudo-panel with a random number of international banks acting in the interbank market in each period. We develop new econometric tools for panel data with random effects and discrete covariates, such as a nonparametric kernel estimator of the distribution function of the response variable conditional on a set of covariates and a consistent test of first order stochastic dominance. Our empirical results, based on these tests, shed light on the survivorship bias in the e-Mid market, and reveal the existence of a risk premium on small banks, banks with currencies different from the Euro, and banks based on countries under sovereign debt distress in the periphery of the European Union. Finally we assess the impact of policy intervention in the aftermath of the financial crisis.
Complex Hadamard Matrices contained in a Bose–Mesner algebra
Authors: Ikuta Takuya , Munemasa Akihiro
Published: May 2015

Acomplex Hadamard matrix is a square matrix H with complex entries of absolute value 1 satisfying
HH* = nI, where * stands for the Hermitian transpose and I is the identity matrix of order n. In this paper,
we first determine the image of a certain rational map from the d-dimensional complex projective space to
Cd(d+1)/2. Applying this result with d = 3, we give constructions of complex Hadamard matrices, and more
generally, type-II matrices, in the Bose–Mesner algebra of a certain 3-class symmetric association scheme.
In particular, we recover the complex Hadamard matrices of order 15 found by Ada Chan. We compute the
Haagerup sets to show inequivalence of resulting type-II matrices, and determine the Nomura algebras to
show that the resulting matrices are not decomposable into generalized tensor products.
Thermoelastic Simulations Based on Discontinuous Galerkin Methods: Formulation and Application in Gas Turbines
Authors: Hao Zengrong , Gu Chunwei , Song Yin
Published: May 2015

This study extends the discontinuous Galerkin (DG) methods to simulations of thermoelasticity. A thermoelastic formulation of interior penalty DG (IP-DG) method is presented and aspects of the numerical implementation are discussed in matrix form. The content related to thermal expansion effects is illustrated explicitly in the discretized equation system. The feasibility of the method for general thermoelastic simulations is validated through typical test cases, including tackling stress discontinuities caused by jumps of thermal expansive properties and controlling accompanied non-physical oscillations through adjusting the magnitude of IP term. The developed simulation platform upon the method is applied to the engineering analysis of thermoelastic performance for a turbine vane and a series of vanes with various types of simplified thermal barrier coating (TBC) systems. This analysis demonstrates that while TBC properties on heat conduction are generally the major consideration for protecting the alloy base vanes, the mechanical properties may have more significant effects on protections of coatings themselves. Changing characteristics of normal tractions on TBC/base interface, closely related to the occurrence of coating failures, over diverse components distributions along TBC thickness of the functional graded materials are summarized and analysed, illustrating the opposite tendencies in situations with different thermal-stress-free temperatures for coatings.
Note on the Equivalence of Variable Separation Solutions Based On the Improved tanh-Function Method
Authors: Kong Liang-Qian , Chen Xuan , Xu Ling , Dai Chao-Qing
Published: May 2015

The equivalence of variable separation solutions based on the improved tanh-function method (ITM) for nonlinear models is illustrated. As an example, we restudy the (2+1)-dimensional generalised Nizhnik–Novikov–Veselov system via the ITM. Based on the radical sign-combined ansatz, five types of variable separation solutions are obtained. By careful analysis, we prove that these seemingly independent variable separation solutions actually depend on each other.
EPR studies on carboxylic esters, 23 [1]. Preparation of new dialkyl azulenedicarboxylates and EPR-spectroscopic study of their radical anions
Authors: Voss Jürgen , Pesel Thomas , Buddensiek Dirk , Lehtivarjo Juuso
Published: May 2015

Selected dialkyl azulenedicarboxylates were prepared by carbo-bromination of alkyl azulenemonocarboxylates and subsequent alcoholysis or by alkoxycarbonylcarbene insertion of ethyl indane-2-carboxylate. The electrochemical behavior of the diesters was studied by means of differential pulse polarography and cyclovoltammetry.In-situelectroreduction of the azulenedicarboxylic esters led to the corresponding radical anions, the EPR spectra of which were recorded. For certain radical anions a rearrangement under migration of the functional group from the 5- into the 6-position was observed. The spin density distribution in these non-alternantπ-electron systems as determined from the proton hyperfine structure (hfs) coupling constants was compared with the results of MO calculations and discussed with respect to the influence of substituents.
Interlaboratory Cooperative Study of the Precision and Accuracy of the Measurement of Nitrogen Dioxide Content in the Atmosphere
Authors: Foster J. F. , Beatty G. H.
Published: May 2015

Description

This report presents the results obtained from an experimental study of the accuracy and precision of the measurement of atmospheric levels of nitrogen dioxide using the Griess-Saltzman reaction according to ASTM Method D 1607(1). The evaluation of D 1607 was performed as part of the first phase of Project Threshold, a comprehensive program to validate ASTM methods of measuring various atmospheric contaminants, including also sulfur dioxide, lead, dustfall, total sulfation, and particulate matter in Phase 1.
Interlaboratory Cooperative Study of the Precision and Accuracy of the Determination of Oxides of Nitrogen in Gaseous Combustion Products (Phenol Disulfonic Acid Procedure) Using ASTM Method D 1608-60
Authors: Howes J. E. , Pesut R. N. , Foster J. F.
Published: May 2015

In 1971 in recognition of the important relationship between the measurement and the effective control of air pollution, American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) initiated a pioneering program, designated Project Threshold, to validate methods for measuring contaminants in the ambient atmosphere and in source emissions. The first phase of the program was devoted to evaluation of methods for measuring the content of nitrogen dioxide (D 1607-69), sulfur dioxide (D 2914-70T), dustfull (D 1739-70), total sulfation (D 2010-65), particulate matter (D 1704-61), and lead (D 3112) in the atmosphere (1-5).
Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia with a de novo heterozygous mutation of calcium-sensing receptor
Authors: Taki Katsumi , Kogai Takahiko , Sakumoto Junko , Namatame Takashi , Hishinuma Akira
Published: May 2015

A de novo heterozygous inactivating mutation of calcium-sensing receptor (CASR) gene typically causes neonatal hyperparathyroidism (NHPT) with moderate hypercalcemia and hyperparathyroid bone disease. We present a case of asymptomatic hypocalciuric hypercalcemia with a de novo heterozygous mutation in CASR, S591C, which is primarily reported to be responsible for NHPT. A 54-year-old female was referred for investigation of asymptomatic hypercalcemia that was initially found in the 1980s but without a history of bone disease during the perinatal period. She had moderate hypercalcemia (12.4 mg/dl) and relative hypocalciuria (fractional extraction of calcium 1.07%) but normal intact parathyroid hormone and serum 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. Pedigree analysis revealed that she carried a de novo heterozygous mutation of S591C, which she transmitted to an affected child with moderate hypercalcemia but not to other children, who had normal serum calcium levels. A de novo heterozygous CASR mutation that is responsible for NHPT may also present in individuals with asymptomatic hypocalciuric hypercalcemia. Caution is required when predicting course and outcome in a pedigree with CASR mutation, as well as incidental hypercalcemia, because of its variable phenotypes.

Learning points

The phenotype and severity of CASR mutations are thought to be dependent on genotypes.

We report an asymptomatic case of the de novo heterozygous S591C mutation in CASR, which has previously been reported as a responsible mutation of NHPT with bone diseases.

Variable phenotypes of CASR raise a cautionary note about predicting outcome by genotyping in a pedigree with CASR mutation.
Lactisole inhibits the glucose-sensing receptor T1R3 expressed in mouse pancreatic β-cells
Authors: Hamano Kunihisa , Nakagawa Yuko , Ohtsu Yoshiaki , Li Longfei , Medina Johan , Tanaka Yuji , Masuda Katsuyoshi , Komatsu Mitsuhisa , Kojima Itaru
Published: May 2015

Glucose activates the glucose-sensing receptor T1R3 and facilitates its own metabolism in pancreatic β-cells. An inhibitor of this receptor would be helpful in elucidating the physiological function of the glucose-sensing receptor. The present study was conducted to examine whether or not lactisole can be used as an inhibitor of the glucose-sensing receptor. In MIN6 cells, in a dose-dependent manner, lactisole inhibited insulin secretion induced by sweeteners, acesulfame-K, sucralose and glycyrrhizin. The IC50 was ∼4 mmol/l. Lactisole attenuated the elevation of cytoplasmic Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]c) evoked by sucralose and acesulfame-K but did not affect the elevation of intracellular cAMP concentration ([cAMP]c) induced by these sweeteners. Lactisole also inhibited the action of glucose in MIN6 cells. Thus, lactisole significantly reduced elevations of intracellular [NADH] and intracellular [ATP] induced by glucose, and also inhibited glucose-induced insulin secretion. To further examine the effect of lactisole on T1R3, we prepared HEK293 cells stably expressing mouse T1R3. In these cells, sucralose elevated both [Ca2+]c and [cAMP]c. Lactisole attenuated the sucralose-induced increase in [Ca2+]c but did not affect the elevation of [cAMP]c. Finally, lactisole inhibited insulin secretion induced by a high concentration of glucose in mouse islets. These results indicate that the mouse glucose-sensing receptor was inhibited by lactisole. Lactisole may be useful in assessing the role of the glucose-sensing receptor in mouse pancreatic β-cells.
The role of non-coding RNAs in male sex determination and differentiation
Authors: Rastetter Raphael H , Smith Craig A , Wilhelm Dagmar
Published: May 2015

A complex network of gene regulation and interaction drives male sex determination and differentiation. While many important protein-coding genes that are necessary for proper male development have been identified, many disorders in human sex development are still unexplained at the molecular level. This suggests that key factors and regulatory mechanisms are still unknown. In recent years, extensive data have shown that different classes of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) play a role in almost all developmental and physiological pathways. Here we review what is known about their role in male sex determination and differentiation not only in mammals, but also other species. While for some processes a key role for ncRNA has been identified, we are still far from having a complete picture.
Worldwide Population Structure, Long-Term Demography, and Local Adaptation of Helicobacter pylori
Authors: Montano Valeria , Didelot Xavier , Foll Matthieu , Linz Bodo , Reinhardt Richard , Suerbaum Sebastian , Moodley Yoshan , Jensen Jeffrey D
Published: May 2015

Helicobacter pylori is an important human pathogen associated with serious gastric diseases. Owing to its medical importance and close relationship with its human host, understanding genomic patterns of global and local adaptation in H. pylori may be of particular significance for both clinical and evolutionary studies. Here we present the first such whole genome analysis of 60 globally distributed strains, from which we inferred worldwide population structure and demographic history and shed light on interesting global and local events of positive selection, with particular emphasis on the evolution of San-associated lineages. Our results indicate a more ancient origin for the association of humans and H. pylori than previously thought. We identify several important perspectives for future clinical research on candidate selected regions that include both previously characterized genes (e.g., transcription elongation factor NusA and tumor necrosis factor alpha-inducing protein Tipα) and hitherto unknown functional genes.
Az igazságosságkutatás, az együttműködés-versengéskutatás és a hatalom pszichológiájára irányuló kutatás tematikus érintkezési pontjai
Authors: Kovács Judit
Published: May 2015

A tanulmány az eredmény, a folyamat és a kapcsolatok idői kiterjedésének a szempontjai segítségével veti össze az igazságosságkutatásnak, az együttműködés-versengéskutatásnak és a hatalomgyakorlás kutatásának néhány meghatározó eredményét. Rámutat arra a mindhárom kutatási területen jelentkező összefüggésre, hogy a hosszú időperspektívával rendelkező kapcsolatokban a normatartó folyamatelemeket hordozó viselkedés az eredményes, úgy egyénileg, mint közösségi szinten. A tanulmány elemzi a kutatási stratégiák különbözőségét (strukturális, csereelméleti alapokon nyugvó viselkedéses kutatások versus kérdőívben történő önbeszámolók, illetve reprezentációkat, asszociációkat vizsgáló kutatások), s amellett érvel, hogy a különböző kutatási stratégiákat követő fölfogásoknak érdemes egymásban olyan partnereket látnia, akik a jelenség minél teljesebb megértéséhez visznek közel.