bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reducing Alcohol and Opioid Use Among Youth in Rural Counties: An Innovative Training Protocol for Primary Health Care Providers and School Personnel (Preprint)
Authors: Francis Erica , Shifler Bowers Kara , Buchberger Glenn , Ryan Sheryl , Milchak William , Kraschnewski Jennifer
Published: June 2020

BACKGROUND

Given that youth alcohol use is more common in rural communities, such communities can play a key role in preventing alcohol use among adolescents. Guidelines recommend primary care providers incorporate screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment (SBIRT) into routine care.

OBJECTIVE

The aim is to train primary care providers and school nurses within a rural 10-county catchment area in Pennsylvania to use SBIRT and facilitate collaboration with community organizations to better coordinate substance use prevention efforts.

METHODS

To build capacity to address underage drinking and opioid use among youth aged 9-20 years, this project uses telehealth, specifically Project ECHO (Extension for Community Healthcare Outcomes), to train primary care providers and school nurses to address substance use with SBIRT. Our project will provide 120 primary care providers and allied health professionals as well as 20 school nurses with SBIRT training. Community-based providers will participate in weekly virtual ECHO sessions with a multidisciplinary team from Penn State College of Medicine that will provide SBIRT training and facilitate case discussions among participants.

RESULTS

To date, we have launched one SBIRT ECHO project with school personnel, enrolling 34 participants. ECHO participants are from both rural (n=17) and urban (n=17) counties and include school nurses (n=15), school counselors (n=8), teachers (n=5), administrators (n=3), and social workers (n=3). Before the study began, only 2/13 (15.5%) of schools were screening for alcohol use.

CONCLUSIONS

This project teaches primary care clinics and schools to use SBIRT to prevent the onset and reduce the progression of substance use disorders, reduce problems associated with substance use disorders, and strengthen communities’ prevention capacity. Ours is an innovative model to improve rural adolescent health by reducing alcohol and opioid use.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/21015
Assessment of quality, readability and endorsement of online information on WeChat official accounts for patients with rare neurological diseases: a cross-sectional study (Preprint)
Authors: Wang Shengfeng , Liu Lili , Lai Xuefeng , Liu Tanxin , Feng Jingnan , Xu Lu , Zhou Jiangjie , Zhou Guoyu , Chen Lu , Zhan Siyan
Published: June 2020

BACKGROUND

WeChat official account is one of the most commonly used social media platform for patients with rare neurological diseases to obtain knowledge on their treatment options. Yet, there still lacks a comprehensive assessment on the WeChat posts.

OBJECTIVE

To assess the quality, readability and endorsement of online information about rare neurological diseases released by WeChat official accounts.

METHODS

A four-stage methodological sampling technique was used in this cross-sectional study to identify articles related to the top-seven rare neurological diseases (with the largest hospitalized patients) in China during May to August 2019. The quality was independently scored by two researchers using DISCERN, while the readability and the endorsement were calculated through a Chinese readability formula and the like ratio respectively. All the three indices were then compared among different affiliation categories and different treatment types.

RESULTS

A total of 173 eligible articles were selected from 28 WeChat official accounts. For all articles, the mean (SD) DISCERN score was 30.27 (7.20; 95% CI, 29.19-31.35), only three of 173 articles (1.73%) achieved the good level. The mean (SD) score of readability was 10.07 (1.35; 95% CI, 9.88-10.27), which geared to the level 4 (undergraduate). The mean (SD) like ratio was 0.010 (0.015; 95% CI, 0.007-0.012), statistically different among affiliation categories (H = 31.915, P < .001) and treatment types (H = 14.829, P = .01). Articles on psychological intervention had the highest endorsement but the lowest quality. Articles related to traditional Chinese medicine got the lowest like ratio and the most difficult readability.

CONCLUSIONS

Our findings indicate that the accessible online information about rare neurological diseases released on WeChat official accounts varies by sources and is generally of poor quality. The information presented is obscure and might exceed the average education level of the public, which therefore limits it to be further diffused. Future efforts to improve the quality, readability and endorsement of online information on rare neurological diseases are needed.

CLINICALTRIAL
Improving Neurosurgery education using Social-Media Case-based discussions: A Pilot Study (Preprint)
Authors: Newall Nicola , Smith Brandon George , Burton Ollie , Brainbook Charity Brainbook , Chari Aswin , Alamri Alexander , Uff Chris
Published: June 2020

BACKGROUND

The increasing shift towards a more generalised medical undergraduate curriculum has led to limited exposure to sub-specialities including neurosurgery. The lack of standardised teaching may result in insufficient coverage of the core learning outcomes. Case-based discussions (CbDs) are often utilised in the undergraduate medical curriculum to link theory to practice and develop clinical reasoning. Social media (SoMe) in medical education is becoming an increasingly accepted and popular way for students to meet learning objectives outside of formal medical school teaching.

OBJECTIVE

We delivered a series of CbDs over SoMe to attempt to meet core learning needs in neurosurgery and determine whether SoMe-based CBDs were an efficient and acceptable method of education.

METHODS

Twitter was used as a medium to host nine CbDs pertaining to common neurosurgical conditions in practice. A sequence of informative and interactive ‘Tweets’ were formulated prior to the live CbDs and were tweeted in progressive order. Users interacted by replying to tweets to answer questions and raise discussions, as well as liking and retweeting. Moderation was performed by a neurosurgery resident, with oversight from an attending. Demographic data and participant feedback were collected using Qualtrics (Qualtrics LLC. USA).

RESULTS

277 participants were recorded across the nine CbDs with 654,584 impressions generated. Feedback responses were received from 135 participants (48.7%). Participants indicated an increase of 77% in their level of knowledge after participating. 57% (n=77) had previous CbD experience as part of traditional medical education, with 62% (n=84) receiving a form of medical education previously through SoMe. All participants (n=135, 100%) felt the CbDs objectives were met and would attend future sessions and 99% of participants (n=134) indicated that their expectations were met by the SoMe CbDs.

CONCLUSIONS

SoMe has been demonstrated to be a favourable and feasible medium to host live, text-based interactive CbDs. Delivering CbDs over SoMe is a useful approach to teaching undergraduate neurosurgery and is easily translatable to all domains of medicine and surgery.
The use of digital storytelling as an approach to translating research knowledge: A scoping review (Preprint)
Authors: Park Elly , Jones Catherine Allyson , Forhan Mary
Published: June 2020

BACKGROUND

A growing interest has centred on digital storytelling in health research, a multi-media presentation of a story using technology. The use of digital storytelling in knowledge translation (KT) is emerging as technology and healthcare address approaches of disseminating and transferring knowledge to key stakeholders.

OBJECTIVE

We conducted a scoping review of the literature available on the use of digital storytelling as a tool in KT interventions.

METHODS

Six electronic databases were searched and screened for 4656 citations. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR) was used to guide the review process. Two reviewers screened all citations and completed the full text review.

RESULTS

One hundred fourteen full texts were reviewed and twenty-one publications were analyzed. The publications were from nine countries and focused on an array of physical and mental health conditions. A broad range of interpretations of digital storytelling and a variety of KT interventions were identified with educational material for healthcare professionals (HCP) and other patients being the most predominant form of digital storytelling.

CONCLUSIONS

Using digital storytelling for KT can contribute to shared decision-making in healthcare and increase awareness in patients’ health related experiences. Concerns centred on the accuracy and reliability of some of the information available online and the impact of digital storytelling on knowledge action and implementation.
Prediction of the Transition From Subexponential to the Exponential Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in Chennai, India: Epidemic Nowcasting (Preprint)
Authors: Krishnamurthy Kamalanand , Ambikapathy Bakiya , Kumar Ashwani , Britto Lourduraj De
Published: June 2020

BACKGROUND

Several countries adopted lockdown to slowdown the exponential transmission of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) epidemic. Disease transmission models and the epidemic forecasts at the national level steer the policy to implement appropriate intervention strategies and budgeting. However, it is critical to design a data-driven reliable model for nowcasting for smaller populations, in particular metro cities.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study is to analyze the transition of the epidemic from subexponential to exponential transmission in the Chennai metro zone and to analyze the probability of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) secondary infections while availing the public transport systems in the city.

METHODS

A single geographical zone “Chennai-Metro-Merge” was constructed by combining Chennai District with three bordering districts. Subexponential and exponential models were developed to analyze and predict the progression of the COVID-19 epidemic. Probabilistic models were applied to assess the probability of secondary infections while availing public transport after the release of the lockdown.

RESULTS

The model predicted that transition from subexponential to exponential transmission occurs around the eighth week after the reporting of a cluster of cases. The probability of secondary infections with a single index case in an enclosure of the city bus, the suburban train general coach, and the ladies coach was found to be 0.192, 0.074, and 0.114, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS

Nowcasting at the early stage of the epidemic predicts the probable time point of the exponential transmission and alerts the public health system. After the lockdown release, public transportation will be the major source of SARS-CoV-2 transmission in metro cities, and appropriate strategies based on nowcasting are needed.
The Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic in Taiwan: An Facebook Online study on Concern/Fear Regarding the Disease and General Anxiety and Relevant Factors (Preprint)
Authors: Wang Peng-Wei , Lu Wei-Hsin , Chen Yi-Lung , Li Dian-Jeng , Chang Yu-Ping , Ko Nai-Ying , Yen Cheng-Fang
Published: June 2020

BACKGROUND

The World Health Organization (WHO) declared COVID-19 a ‘public health emergency of international concern. Both worry and anxiety are the common psychological impact during the pandemic. The level of and determinants for worry and anxiety during COVID-19 are not well explored.

OBJECTIVE

The present study aimed to explore the associations of demographic and environmental factors with worry toward COVID-19 and general anxiety among people in Taiwan.

METHODS

In total, 1970 respondents were recruited through a Facebook advertisement and completed an online survey on worry toward COVID-19, general anxiety during the pandemic, and individual and environmental factors.

RESULTS

In total, 51.7% and 43.4% of respondents reported high levels of worry toward COVID-19 and general anxiety, respectively. Worse self-rated mental health, lower self-confidence in COVID-19 management, and insufficient mental health resources were significantly associated with high levels of both worry toward COVID-19 and general anxiety. Lower perceived confidence in COVID-19 management by the regional government was significantly associated with a higher level of worry toward COVID-19. Lower perceived social support was significantly associated with a higher level of general anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic.

CONCLUSIONS

The results showed that high levels of worry toward COVID-19 and general anxiety were prevalent during the disease outbreak. Multiple individual and environmental factors related to worry toward COVID-19 and general anxiety were identified.

CLINICALTRIAL
Dynamics and Development of the COVID-19 Epidemic in the United States: A Compartmental Model Enhanced With Deep Learning Techniques (Preprint)
Authors: Deng Qi
Published: June 2020

BACKGROUND

Compartmental models dominate epidemic modeling. Transmission parameters between compartments are typically estimated through stochastic parameterization processes that depends on detailed statistics of transmission characteristics, which are economically and resource-wise expensive to collect.

OBJECTIVE

We aim to apply deep learning techniques as a lower data dependency alternative to estimate transmission parameters of a customized compartmental model, for the purpose of simulating the dynamics of the US coronavirus disease (COVID-19) epidemic and projecting its further development.

METHODS

We constructed a compartmental model and developed a multistep deep learning methodology to estimate the model’s transmission parameters. We then fed the estimated transmission parameters to the model to predict development of the US COVID-19 epidemic for 35 and 42 days. Epidemics are considered suppressed when the basic reproduction number (R0) is less than 1.

RESULTS

The deep learning–enhanced compartmental model predicts that R0 will fall to <1 around August 17-19, 2020, at which point the epidemic will effectively start to die out, and that the US “infected” population will peak around August 16-18, 2020, at 3,228,574 to 3,308,911 individual cases. The model also predicted that the number of accumulative confirmed cases will cross the 5 million mark around August 7, 2020.

CONCLUSIONS

Current compartmental models require stochastic parameterization to estimate the transmission parameters. These models’ effectiveness depends upon detailed statistics on transmission characteristics. As an alternative, deep learning techniques are effective in estimating these stochastic parameters with greatly reduced dependency on data particularity.
Are YouTube videos qualified and reliable as a source of information for mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic in Turkey? (Preprint)
Authors: Bozdogan Yesilot Saliha , Inel Manav Ayse , Ciftci Hatice
Published: June 2020

BACKGROUND

Online Health Information has become more important in terms of Pandemic. YouTube is an online platform that people broadly use as a search tool for health information.
The quality and reliability of YouTube videos containing health information range from low to high according to literature.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to evaluate the quality, reliability, and comprehensiveness of contents for YouTube videos in the Turkish language as a source of information for mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic.

METHODS

This was a descriptive study. "Coronavirus Mental Health" was searched as a subject on the YouTube channel in the Turkish language on April 11th, 2020. The first 100 videos were taken into consideration. Two independent reviewers classified videos as useful or misleading. The inter-observer agreement was evaluated with the kappa coefficient. Modified DISCERN index for reliability and Global Quality Scale for quality were used. The content was evaluated with a checklist developed by the researchers.

RESULTS

The mean number of views was 1442.42±3042.49 for useful videos and 1044±1471.83 for misleading videos. The mean Global Quality Scale was 2.68±0.96 for useful videos and 1±0 for misleading videos. The mean DISCERN score was 2.8±1.09, 2.72±0.75, and 3.12±0.66 for shared by independent/professional users, government/news agencies, and universities/professional organizations respectively.

CONCLUSIONS

The quality and reliability level of mental health videos in the Turkish language for the COVID-19 pandemic was found out moderate. Moreover, the comprehensiveness of contents didn’t include enough detailed information in regards to protecting mental health.

CLINICALTRIAL

NA
Dekolonisasi Arsip sebagai Warisan Budaya: Kajian Awal Pengembalian Arsip Statis Era Hindia Belanda
Authors: Nurjaman Jajang
Published: June 2020

Dekolonisasi dapat terjadi di segala bidang, termasuk juga bidang kearsipan. Konvensi Wina tahun 1983 telah menggariskan bahwa arsip yang tercipta di negara asal (negara jajahan) akan menjadi milik negara tersebut ketika negara itu merdeka. Dekolonisasi arsip sudah banyak terjadi, contohnya di negara-negara jajahan Inggris dan Prancis. Di Indonesia sendiri, dekolonisasi terjadi ketika kerja sama dilakukan di tahun 1970 untuk mengembalikan arsip Djogdja Documenten dari Belanda. Penelitian ini akan menginvestigasi literatur-literatur terkait dekolonisasi pada umumnya, dan dekolonisasi arsip pada khususnya. Lebih jauh lagi, penelitian ini akan membahas kajian awal dekolonisasi arsip era Hindia Belanda, baik pada lingkungan analog maupun di lingkungan digital. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sudah ada dekolonisasi terjadi di dua lingkungan tersebut.
Los académicos como agentes de cambio institucional: el caso del Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora, 2003-2018
Authors: Galindo Padilla Gabriel , Poom Medina Juan
Published: June 2020

El objetivo de este artículo es analizar los cambios institucionales en el Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora entre 2003 y 2018. La metodología empleada es el estudio de caso, además de fuentes primarias y entrevistas semiestructuradas; este método limita la generalización, pero permite profundidad. Los resultados demuestran la constitución de los académicos como agentes subversivos que provocan cambio institucional por estratificación conforme a la teoría del cambio institucional gradual, en contraste con algunos trabajos en el ámbito nacional que demuestran la incidencia de políticas públicas, gobiernos estatales y autoridades universitarias como agentes que acotan la autonomía, producen gobiernos menos democráticos y menos legítimos, y reducen el poder de los académicos en la universidad. Se concluye que éstos pueden influir en el rumbo de las universidades y tienen capacidades para producir cambios significativos en la organización utilizando sus propios recursos y estrategias aun en condiciones de restricción a su capacidad de agencia.
Protein and vitamin e intake are related to hemoglobin levels in thalassemia patients in The Tangerang Regency Hospital
Authors: Rahman Humaira Difaura
Published: June 2020

Thalassemia is a genetic disease that are passed from parents to children through DNA which causes blood cells to lack globin chains. Children with thalassemia experienced an increase in energy expenditure, a lack of vitamin and minerals so that it has an impact on the state of malnutrition which will have a direct effect on the growth of patients with thalassemia. This study’s purpose  was to analiyzing relationship between protein intake, iron, vitamin C, vitamin E, and nutrition status with hemoglobin levels in thalassemia patients in the Tangerang Regency Hospital. The subjects of this study are 29 thalassemia patients. The method of the research is cross-sectional. Sampling method of this study was quota sampling and technique of data analysis with Pearson Moment Product. Average protein intake was 96%, average iron intake was 72,5%, average vitamin C intake was 79,5%, average vitamin E intake was 51,1%, average z-score was -1,59 SD and hemogloblin level 8,1 g/dl. The results showed that protein intake and vitamin E intake related to hemoglobin levels. Whereas iron intake, vitamin C, and nutritional status not related to hemoglobin level.

Keywords: Hemoglobin Levels, Protein Intake, Thalassemia, Vitamin E
Surrender and Contemporary Social Work Theory
Authors: Duckham Bryan C. , Greenfield Meagan J.
Published: June 2020

Surrender is an important and foundational spiritual/religious belief and practice found within many faith traditions. However, despite this important practice, valued by many clients who see social workers, little has been done to integrate this concept into social work theory and practice.

This paper examines the fundamental beliefs of psychodynamic theory and practice, as well as several recent social work practice models, as they relate to spiritual surrender. It is suggested that areas of cooperation and conflict exist between the fundamental tenets of these models and the practice of surrender. These areas of difference and commonality have important practice implications for religious/spiritual clients. A danger exists within social work theory and practice to overemphasize time limits and control for some religious/spiritual clients.
Exploring Spirituality in Mental Health
Authors: Metheany Jan-Stella , Coholic Diana
Published: June 2020

This paper discusses the viewpoints of four psychiatrists and four social workers practicing in mental health. These participants were individually interviewed for the purposes of understanding how spirituality was being incorporated into helping/health practice with people who have serious mental illnesses. Overall, the qualitative analysis demonstrated that the participants’ perspectives were consistent with the literature in social work and spirituality. For example, participants advocated for a diverse conceptualization of spirituality and believed that an incorporation of spirituality into helping/health practices led to more effective processes. One finding that may be specific to mental health practice was the usefulness of understanding a client’s spiritual beliefs and practices in order to better understand their mental illness. Given many mental health consumers/survivors’ desire for a greater integration of their spirituality in their recovery process, practitioners and researchers are encouraged to consider how the incorporation of spirituality into mental health practices may be fostered.
Global Citizenship
Authors: Hawkins Catherine A.
Published: June 2020

There appears to be general agreement among Canadian and American social work educators regarding the need to instill a global perspective in our students in order to better prepare them for leadership in the 21st century. While Canadian schools of social work have long included content on universal human rights in their curriculum, this content is still largely lacking in the U.S. This paper will present “global citizenship” as a useful model for integrating this crucial content into social work education. It encourages students to make a professional commitment to human rights literacy (knowledge), empathy (concern), and responsibility (action).
Introduction to Special Indigenous Issue
Authors: Sinclair Raven
Published: June 2020

It is a pleasure to guest edit this special edition of Critical Social Work. The process of reviewing the thoughtful works of diverse contributors reminds me that we are in a time of incredible shifts, changes, opportunities, and uncertain futures. Aboriginal people in Canada are facing multiple challenges to treaties, land rights, and funding at all levels, while, paradoxically, we experience unprecedented opportunities in politics, business, education, and economic and social development. Hence, this edition illustrates that there is no “single story” (Chimamanda Adichie,TED Talks) that articulates the Aboriginal experience. The articles comprising this edition indicate that our attentions, as Aboriginal social work educators, practitioners and students, are invested in diverse directions, and we are concerned with many issues, historical and contemporary, that intersect and interface. I’m so pleased to present a small but robust collection of articles attending to contemporary social work issues and it is promising that several of these articles are written by Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal social work students who are sturdy allies who are invested in Aboriginal issues. In many Indigenous cultures, artistic expression is a medium through which traditional knowledge, culture and worldview are disseminated and contemporarily, artistic media have astonishing ways of making painful subjects more palatable. Therefore, I am pleased to include a work of fiction and two works of prose which highlight pressing concerns via creative mediums.
Resilience
Authors: Deranger Lee
Published: June 2020

Mattawa, Ontario is located at the confluence of the Mattawa and Ottawa Rivers, east of North Bay on the Ontario-Quebec border. On the Quebec side of the river, high on top of the hill, stand three crosses. These crosses were first erected by Samuel De Champlain's party in 1614 to mark the place where the rivers met. From downstream on the Ottawa, the crosses could be seen from a great distance. Champlain's party were the first white people to see this place. Over the centuries, the crosses weathered and were replaced when necessary.
Decolonizing field education
Authors: Clark Natalie , Drolet Julie , Mathews Nadine , Walton Patrick , Tamburro Paul Rene’ , Derrick Jann , Michaud Vicki , Armstrong Joanne , Arnouse Mike
Published: June 2020

This article shares our reflections and learning on decolonizing field education programs based on exploratory research in the Interior of British Columbia (BC). Because there is no existing research on field education by or with urban Aboriginal people this article aims to contribute to the development of new literature on the process of decolonizing field education practices through cultural safety and intersectional frameworks. The findings call for a transformation in social work and human service field education policies and practices.
Spirituality Among African Nova Scotians
Authors: Este David , Bernard Wanda Thomas
Published: June 2020

This article describes the role that spirituality plays in the lives of African Nova Scotians. Utilizing the results of two studies involving members of this group, “The Strong Black Woman Project” and the “Racism, Violence, and Health Study,” three major themes emerge. These include spirituality as a source of strength, spirituality as a coping strategy in a society where African Nova Scotians continue to experience racism and discrimination in all spheres of life, and spiritual health and well being as an important aspect of health. The article concludes with a discussion of the results and implications for social work practice.
Spirituality as a guiding construct in the development of Canadian social work
Authors: Graham John R. , Coholic Diana , Coates John
Published: June 2020

This manuscript is the first to consider the emergence of spirituality as a topic in Canadian social work scholarship and practice. A broad overview is provided of three time periods, beginning with the origins of the profession and ending with present-day considerations. These three periods are ones in which spirituality had/has strong influence in shaping practice, research and pedagogical discourses. First, we emphasize the overwhelming significance of spirituality to the early history of social work, prior to its emergence as a secular, professional discipline taught in university contexts. Second, we examine how spirituality continued to have a place within the writings of several major social work scholars in Canada, up to 1970 at which point spirituality seems to fade from scholarly social work literature. Third, spirituality re-emerged as a Canadian topic for research in the 1990s - at the beginning of the third millennium the spirituality and social work literature has emphasized three major themes: social justice work and community organizing; social work pedagogy; and social work practice. Finally, we briefly consider barriers to, and prospects for, the continued emergence of spiritually infused social work research and practice in Canada.
Program Evaluation Re-Imagined
Authors: Zapf Michael Kim
Published: June 2020

Based on a real program evaluation conducted in 2004, this article attempts to challenge conventional notions of evaluation as an empirical assessment of discrete measurable outputs and focus instead on the vision or active spirit of a community program. Working towards creation of an open and accessible community school to serve as a safe and trusted service centre for families at risk in downtown Whitehorse, Yukon, the Whole Child Project (WCP) has operated out of Whitehorse Elementary School since 2001. Encountering this program in its unique and isolated setting, and hearing first-hand accounts from the founders, participants, and community led the evaluator to a qualitative approach that allowed for expression of their vision and experiences through their stories – capturing the active spirit of the WCP rather than its objective benchmarks. This article explores the rationale, process, results, and impact of this re-imagined evaluation.
Becoming Lost and Found
Authors: Pon Gordon
Published: June 2020

This paper argues that interrogating the concepts of peace and forgiveness reveals tensions in anti-oppressive discourses around secularity versus Christian beliefs, as well as dogmatic tendencies in anti-oppression. Concepts such as peace and forgiveness are seldom engaged with due to anti-oppression’s regulatory framework that is premised on a secular/sacred binarism. Peace and forgiveness are concepts that can trouble the secular/sacred binary, render anti-oppressive identities more capacious, and augment discussions of self-reflectivity.
Structural Social Work
Authors: Weinberg Merlinda
Published: June 2020

This paper, utilizing case illustrations, argues that structural theory is a necessary but insufficient analytic device for social workers concerned with social justice. Because it is a moral theory (concerned with unearthing underlying causes for social problems and suggesting what kind of society should be constructed), it offers direction about the values social workers should adopt. It corrects modern liberal humanist thinking by broadening the discussion of ethical concerns beyond the dyadic relationship to wide-ranging political issues. It provides a measure of certainty in the paradoxical area of ethics in practice, countering the relativism of post-structuralism.
Do Community Arts Programs Promote Positive Youth Development?
Authors: Wright Robin , John Lindsay , Alaggia Ramona , Duku Eric , Morton Tanya
Published: June 2020

This study reports on the multi-method longitudinal examination of a structured arts program (combination of theatre, visual and media arts) for youth, aged 9 to 15 years, from a low-income community in Hillsborough County in Tampa, Florida. Evaluated were the extent to which the community-based organization could recruit and retain youth in the program and whether they demonstrated improvement with respect to artistic ability and psychosocial indicators. The results suggest successful recruitment and sustained attendance rates. The study employed a multilevel growth curve analyses of observational and behavioral outcomes which showed significant gains in artistic and social skills, and a significant reduction in emotional problems. The contention that community arts programs promote positive youth development is supported by this study.
What Sujet de la folie? Gladys Swain and Marcel Gauchet’s Search for an Alternative History of Madness
Authors: BERGO BETTINA
Published: June 2020

Inspired by three monographs of Gladys Swain and Marcel Gauchet, my presentation traces the rise of the new science of psychiatry in Revolutionary France, with Philippe Pinel and his student J.-E. Esquirol. As the directors of the division of the aliénés in the Hôpital Bicêtre (Paris), Pinel and Esquirol pioneered a therapeutic programme that spread out between their “traitement moral” (reasoning with the passions) and an “energetic repression,” wherever necessary. The discipline they created sought to gain autonomy from medicine treating diseases of the body, much as pathology would do in regard to physiology, some fifty years later. Using Canguilhem, Foucault’s teacher and significant influence, I show how the unfolding of a science of disorders (for Canguilhem, this was pathology) poses questions of taxonomy and runs the inevitable ‘risk’ of extensive fragmentation. This is what happens in France after Pinel. However, Pinel, above all, will have made one contribution that—by Swain and Gauchet’s argument—stands in stark contrast to the theses of the young Foucault. Rather than sequestering and excluding the fou by forcing him or her into exaggerated, discursive revelations or silence, Pinel and Esquirol “discover” the sense, or sens, at the heart of madness, notably in what Pinel called “manie intermittente.” Esquirol takes this discovery one step further, to discern in various attacks, a certain rationality. This rather modern conception of madness exerts a considerable influence on literature, criticism, philosophy, and medicine in their time. Hegel’s understanding of madness will come directly from Pinel, and it will see in folie the internal division of subjective Reason. From this characterization comes a therapeutics based on the conviction that one could often reintegrate the mad into society, and avoid prolonged sequestration and exclusion. Thus the presentation focuses on Swain and Gauchet’s question to Foucault (Histoire de la folie à l’âge classique, notably), using the work of Pinel and Hegel to illustrate their claim.
Reading on Reading: Ecologies of Reading
Authors: Emma Cocker  , Lena Séraphin  , Cordula Daus
Published: June 2020

Reading on Reading is a series of experimental reading practices developed collaboratively by Emma Cocker, Cordula Daus and Lena Séraphin whilst working together in the Research Pavilion #3, Venice, 2019, for exploring what alternative modes of sense making are produced when reading is undertaken artistically, as an aesthetic activity.

Reading on Reading explores three interrelated foci: How can aesthetic practices of reading: (1) Shed new light on the phenomenology (or how-ness) of reading? (2) Transform the often-solitary activity of reading into a shared or communal act — and explore what modes of sociality, solidarity and emergent ‘we’ emerge therein? (3) Operate as a disruptive process unsettling normative conventions of reading through focus on the poetic, affective and material dimensions of readerly experience?

Within this artistic research collaboration, we consider the act of reading beyond the relation of the reader to a text read, as a micro-political or ethico-aesthetic practice through which to re-consider — perhaps even re-organise — the relations between self and other(s), self and world. Drawing upon Félix Guattari’s notion of ecosophy with its three ecological registers of environment, social relations and human subjectivity, in this exposition we consider how the modest practice of reading together could contribute to a wider ethico-aesthetic project: for cultivating shared poetics of attention, for the re-sensing of language through embodied vocalisation, for tending to the temporary gatherings of ‘we’ that reading together affords.

The aim of this exposition is to share the reading practices tested and explored in and through the collaboration of three artist researchers, alongside reflection on the questions and concerns emerging within this enquiry. Whilst operating as a document or archive of a specifically time-bound research activity, the intention is that our reading practices have scope to be activated by other readers.
TICK VARIATIONS
Authors: Esa Kirkkopelto
Published: June 2020

The research exposition consists of a case study in non-human phenomenology. The topic of the study derives from Jakob von Uexküll´s (1864–1944) classic ecological studies on the “lifeworld” (Umwelt) of animals, the focus being on the lifeworld of a tick. The tick experience is approached in an embodied manner, as developed by the author based on his artistic practice. The study demonstrates that it is possible and meaningful to create virtual corporeal interfaces between human and nonhuman species. What are the epistemological and ecological consequences of that disposition? On what kind of knowledge can planetary co-habitation among radically heterogeneous beings be based in the future?
Embodied Encounters at the Site of Deep Ecology
Authors: Tine Blom
Published: June 2020

Based on process philosophy and ecological philosophy, the project explores ecological awareness in the experience of a mountain. The fieldwork takes place at Tvergasteinstjørnet, a mountain area located in Hallingskarven mountain range in southern Norway, over a period of approximately five years.
The research aim is to explore, experience and artistically articulate the mountain. This includes the experience of ecological awareness or the sense of being embedded, being part of and being vulnerable.
This is art- and practice research where knowledge develops in the interplay between theory, practice and art production. Here, the body and the senses are the primary sources of knowledge. Sensibilisation is to enhance the ability to discern and find meaning in the continuously changing nuances of the environment, and this is both method and aim. Diary notes, visuals and sound recordings, together with readings of literature enhance sensibilisation and awarness.
The project explores in what way recording technology, photography, sound and video, facilitates, or distorts awareness of the mountain. Sonic and audiovisual artworks are developed the along the way. The project discusses the use recording technology in a way that enhances ecological awareness. The creative process stimulates reflection and the artistic outcomes contribute to the research findings.
Sensory excursion as a site of encounter
Authors: mari martin
Published: June 2020

In this exposition I discuss a human’s relationship with the environment, in terms of sensation and encounter. I describe my artistic practice implemented with the artist group Ajauksia, as a member of it. We, as a group, explore various sensory encounters with the environment through sensory exercises and, to that end, organize sensory excursions in different urban environments.

We participated in the Research Pavilion # 3 (RP #3), coordinated by the University of the Arts Helsinki in the context of the Venice Biennale. Here I describe the work of Ajauksia within the project, from my perspective. I join in the theme of this Ruukku publication, ecologies of practice, by describing how we developed sustainable modes of artistic research in and through processes of collaborating, performing and discussing. Now, after the project, I reflect on the ideas, experiences and opportunities for interaction with different parties. I focus in particular on the two very different environments where we worked, the Kontula suburb of Helsinki and the island of Giudecca, Venice, where Research Pavilion #3 was located.
EPISTEMIC BUGS AT WORLDMAKING
Authors: Tuula Närhinen
Published: June 2020

This text-based exposition looks at epistemic affordances embedded in the insect condition. Drawing from the scientific study of insects, my project INSECTS AMONG US sets out to fathom insects’ ephemeral existence through art works. A rich media presentation of the project is available in the RC: https://www.researchcatalogue.net/view/474888/514952.
INSECTS AMONG US was exhibited at the Helsinki Uniarts Research Pavilion 2019 on Giudecca Island in Venice. The Pavilion housed a series of small-scale site-specific installations that visually and acoustically mediated the eerie life worlds of insects to human ears and eyes.
Matter Dialogues
Authors: Otso Tapio Aavanranta
Published: June 2020

This exposition relates Claude-Lévi Strauss' concept of bricolage with two examples of the author's artistic praxis, with the aim that the subjective case studies will contribute to highlight a more general methodological standpoint of contemporary artistic creation, namely: the artistic work as a dialogical, enactive process where the discussion with the artistic material takes a guiding role. The proposal intends to resituate a classic concept from structuralist anthropology, which I find strikingly useful for analysing contemporary intermedia artistic processes and works.

The exposition discusses the philosophical implications of a practice that abandons itself to an unforeseen, dialogical relationship with the environment. The oeuvre then becomes an ecological process of using what is offered by the situation, in a constant discussion with the environment. Ideas, forms and materials are engendered, lost and transformed in a dynamic process that resembles a sort of artistic aikido.

The ecological strand of the discussion on bricolage leads to Anna Tsing's "Mushroom at the End of the World" and Timothy Morton’s “Dark Ecology”, where the concept of Nature and the value of naturalness are abolished in favour of a flat relationship between human and her environment: an ecological system between different manifestations of being, where human-made phenomena are not regarded as extra-natural. An artistic practice of bricolage finds a favourable breeding-ground in such a conceptual context.
"Artistic Research on Socially and Environmentally Engaged Art - Ethics of Gathering
Authors: Katja Juhola  , Maria Huhmarniemi  , Kaisa Johanna Raatikainen
Published: June 2020

Art symposiums and similar gatherings in which international artists come together to collaborate are a longstanding tradition of the global art world. In 2019, artists and environmental researchers and experts were invited to work with a local school on environmental issues to create place-specific art and scientific collaborations. Three interdisciplinary teams focused on locally current topics. In this article, we present the process of one of them: the freshwater pearl mussels sub-project. In addition, we discuss the research practice of the International Socially Engaged Art Symposium and the ethics related to the gathering. The research practice included various forms of dialogue, such as presentations, structured group discussions, reflections, mentoring and art-based practice with community members. Tight living together in a humble, small house supported the dialogue. Environmental issues, critical environmentalist thinking and the ethics of the practices were discussed in the process. The ethical elements of the symposium were considered during the processes of defining the themes and aims, curating and producing the event, respecting peer artists and researchers, interacting respectfully with the surrounding community such as school children and community members in countryside villages, and non-human nature, considering the environmental footprint of the symposium and aiming for a meaningful ecological handprint. The documentation, data collection and research reporting also considered ethical issues. The research is part of a cyclic development of art symposiums as socially and environmentally engaged events.
Traces from the Anthropocene: Working with Soil
Authors: Riikka Latva-Somppi  , Maarit Mäkelä  , Ozgu Gundeslioglu
Published: June 2020

Awareness of environmental issues, such as climate change and microplastics, has raised general concern about the state of the environment. Only recently has the discussion tackled the consequences of the human imprint in the contamination of the soil appropriately. In this artistic research, we use soil as the material mediator to explore and communicate the intertwined relationship between humans and the environment. This study combines environmental research with ceramic practice. We discuss how ceramic practitioners can use their knowledge and skill to meaningfully engage in the environmental discourse. The study was inspired by the call for Research Pavilion #3, which was organised by the University of the Arts, Helsinki, to be a place for ongoing artistic research during May-August 2019 in the context of the Venice Biennale. Working with Soil was presented as an ongoing research project taking place before and during the high season of Research Pavilion #3 in one of the six research cells: Traces from the Anthropocene.
Ecologies of Practice: Landscaping With Beavers
Authors: Laura Bissell
Published: June 2020

An interdisciplinary group of ten researchers including artists, cultural geographers, and anthropologists, led by theatre-maker David Overend and human-geographer Jamie Lorimer, visited the Bamff estate in Perthshire, Scotland for four days to explore “landscaping with beavers” and the possibility of multispecies collaboration. Building on previous experiments in Performing Wild Geographies at the Knepp estate in Sussex in 2017 and 2018, this project hoped to further develop our understanding of wild performatives, exploring the shifts in the local landscape in the wake of the introduction of a keystone species. This paper reflects on what emerged from our transdiscipline experiments and what endeavouring to collaborate with more-than-human actants taught us about developing multispecies ecologies of practice.
Aesthetic practices of very slow observation as phenomenological practices: steps to an ecology of cognitive practices
Authors: Alex Arteaga
Published: June 2020

This exposition presents three aesthetic research practices (framed dialoging, wiriting exploratory essays and the reading circle), one framework for realizing another aesthetic practice of research (notation) and the outline of four concepts originated by pefroming these practices and that, in turn, frame and underpin their performance (aesthetic practices of very slow observation, aesthetic research, aesthetic cognition and aesthetic phenomenology). All these practices and conepts converg towards the central idea in this exposition: the ecology of cognitive practices.
BULLYING DAN SOLUSINYA DALAM AL-QURâ€™AN
Authors: Sari Sindy Kartika
Published: June 2020

Bullying has become a habit in the community. Making fun of, ridiculing, demeaning, insulting, and all sorts of acts of hurt to others. Act like this have existed since ancient times, even the prophets also experienced acts of bullying. This article focuses on studying the Qur'an's message about bulliying and its solution with thematic interpretation methods. Some verses that contain word meanings such as yakhsar, istahzaâ€™a, and their derivatives are collected, then analyzed the purpose of the verses. The results of this study indicate that some verses of the Qurâ€™an indicate that bullying had indeed occurred in earlier times, even before the Qurâ€™an was revealed to the Prophet Muhammad. The process of bullying told by the Qur'an is indeed diverse. But through the stories in the Qur'an, can be learned for contemporary life. Solutions to bullying in this case are also divided into two classifications, namely solutions for perpetrators and solutions for victims of bullying. Some ways to prevent the occurrence of bullying according to the message of the Qurâ€™an, among others by increasing taqwa, saying good things, calling with good calls. This research has contributed in expanding the scope of the study of thematic interpretation of the Qur'an.