bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The New Horizons Extended Mission Target: Arrokoth Search and Discovery
Authors: Buie Marc W. , Spencer John R. , Porter Simon B. , Benecchi Susan D. , Parker Alex H. , Stern S. Alan , Belton Michael , Binzel Richard P. , Borncamp David , DeMeo Francesca , Fabbro S. , Fuentes Cesar , Furusawa Hisanori , Fuse Tetsuharu , Gay Pamela L. , Gwyn Stephen , Holman Matthew J. , Karoji H. , Kavelaars J. J. , Kinoshita Daisuke , Miyazaki Satoshi , Mountain Matt , Noll Keith S. , Osip David J. , Petit Jean-Marc , Reid Neill I. , Sheppard Scott S. , Showalter Mark , Steffl Andrew J. , Sterner Ray E. , Tajitsu Akito , Tholen David J. , Trilling David E. , Weaver Harold A. , Verbiscer Anne J. , Wasserman Lawrence H. , Yamashita Takuji , Yanagisawa Toshifumi , Yoshida Fumi , Zangari Amanda M.
Published: September 2024

Following the Pluto flyby of the New Horizons spacecraft, the mission provided a unique opportunity to explore the Kuiper Belt in situ. The possibility existed to fly by a Kuiper Belt object (KBO), as well as to observe additional objects at distances closer than are feasible from Earth-orbit facilities. However, at the time of launch no KBOs were known about that were accessible by the spacecraft. In this paper we present the results of 10 yr of observations and three uniquely dedicated efforts—two ground-based using the Subaru Suprime Camera, the Magellan MegaCam and IMACS Cameras, and one with the Hubble Space Telescope—to find such KBOs for study. In this paper we overview the search criteria and strategies employed in our work and detail the analysis efforts to locate and track faint objects in the Galactic plane. We also present a summary of all of the KBOs that were discovered as part of our efforts and how spacecraft targetability was assessed, including a detailed description of our astrometric analysis, which included development of an extensive secondary calibration network. Overall, these efforts resulted in the discovery of 85 KBOs, including 11 that became objects for distant observation by New Horizons and (486958) Arrokoth, which became the first post-Pluto flyby destination.
A Lab-scale Investigation of the Mars Kieffer Model
Authors: Mc Keown Lauren E. , Poston Michael J. , Diniega Serina , Portyankina Ganna , Hansen Candice J. , Aye Klaus-Michael , Carey Elizabeth M. , Scully Jennifer E. C. , Piqueux Sylvain , Shiraishi Lori R. , Cruz Sarah N.
Published: September 2024

The Kieffer model is a widely accepted explanation for seasonal modification of the Martian surface by CO2 ice sublimation and the formation of a “zoo” of intriguing surface features. However, the lack of in situ observations and empirical laboratory measurements of Martian winter conditions hampers model validation and refinement. We present the first experiments to investigate all three main stages of the Kieffer model within a single experiment: (i) CO2 condensation on a thick layer of Mars regolith simulant; (ii) sublimation of CO2 ice and plume, spot, and halo formation; and (iii) the resultant formation of surface features. We find that the full Kieffer model is supported on the laboratory scale as (i) CO2 diffuses into the regolith pore spaces and forms a thin overlying conformal layer of translucent ice. When a buried heater is activated, (ii) a plume and dark spot develop as dust is ejected with pressurized gas, and the falling dust creates a bright halo. During plume activity, (iii) thermal stress cracks form in a network similar in morphology to certain types of spiders, dendritic troughs, furrows, and patterned ground in the Martian high south polar latitudes. These cracks appear to form owing to sublimation of CO2
within the substrate, instead of surface scouring. We discuss the potential for this process to be an alternative formation mechanism for “cracked” spider-like morphologies on Mars. Leveraging our laboratory observations, we also provide guidance for future laboratory or in situ investigations of the three stages of the Kieffer model.
First records of hydroid epibionts on the introduced macroalga Gracilaria parvispora in the Mexican Pacific
Authors: Mendoza-Becerril María A. , Murillo-Torres Paulina , Serviere-Zaragoza Elisa , León-Cisneros Karla , Mazariegos-Villarreal Alejandra , López-Vivas Juan , Agüero José
Published: September 2024

The red macroalga Gracilaria parvispora is an introduced species in the Mexican Pacific. To date, there are no published studies on its sessile epibionts, including the hydrozoans and bryozoans, which are the dominant epibionts on macrophytes and of significant biological and economic interest.

This study provides insight into the faunal diversity of hydroids growing on G. parvispora. A total of 185 thalli from both herbarium specimens and field samples collected from five sites in La Paz Bay were revised. Each thallus size and the presence of hydroid epibionts in each thallus region were registered. Eight different hydrozoan taxa were growing on the red macroalgae, including the first recorded observation of Obelia oxydentata in the Gulf of California. The sizes of the collected thalli were mostly under 7.0 cm, the maximum number of taxa per thallus was three and the thallus region containing the highest number of epibionts was in the middle. Significant differences were observed amongst the lengths of thalli with and without epibionts. The thalli with epibionts were larger than the thalli without epibionts. Similarly, significant differences were observed amongst the months. The pair-wise test revealed that each month exhibited distinctive epibiont taxa when compared to the others. This study highlights the lack of information on these associations. Further research is needed to understand whether introduced macroalgae can bring non-native epibiont species to an area.
Factors influencing outcome in pediatric infective endocarditis
Authors: Vassileva Z. , Lekova R. , Kaneva A.
Published: September 2024

Infective endocarditis (IE) is a rare entity in children and predominantly affects patients with congenital heart defects (CHD). Our study assesses the association between the time to diagnosis of IE and the time to surgery and outcome. The mean period from initial symptom presentation to diagnosis confirmation was 38 days (3-180 days). 12 patients (60%) had an early diagnosis (< 30 days), while in 8 cases (40%) the diagnosis was delayed (>30 days). 75% of the patients with a delayed diagnosis had received prior antibiotic therapy vs. 58% of the children with an early diagnosis. All 3 children with lethal outcomes had received prior antibiotic therapy, in two of the cases the diagnosis of IE was early, and in one case it was delayed. In conclusion, empiric antibiotic therapy is associated with a delayed diagnosis of infective endocarditis, and the longer the time to surgery the greater the risk for unfavorable patient outcome.
Recognition of genuine and phishing emails may not be associated with response to phishing attacks
Authors: Crgol Alex , Vrhovec Simon
Published: September 2024

This paper investigates the associations between recognition of phishing and genuine emails, and response to phishing attacks, namely susceptibility to phishing emails (i.e., click rate) and full phishing attack compliance (i.e., click on a malicious link followed by an attempt to download a file). A cross-sectional survey was conducted among students at a Slovenian university (N = 135) to assess how participants recognize examples of phishing emails. Additionally, a field trial study (i.e., a phishing campaign) was performed to test participants’ response to a real phishing attack. Chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests were used to test the hypothesized associations between the studied constructs. Results do not indicate any significant associations between recognition of neither phishing nor genuine emails and response to phishing attacks. These findings suggest that studies should thus avoid using recognition of genuine and/or phishing emails in their research designs despite its convenience since it has little practical merit. These results also seriously undermine the assumptions that current phishing training is built on. The focus of phishing training may thus switch from knowledge-raising to actual response to phishing attacks, for example, through practical phishing attempts at the workplace. Although this is not a new phishing training approach, it may have some unwanted side-effects which future studies could focus on tackling.
Sleeping site sharing between Aotus griseimembra (Mammalia, Primates) and Coendou quichua (Mammalia, Rodentia) in a lowland inter-Andean valley in Colombia
Authors: Montilla Sebastián O. , Salazar Juan Diego , Ramírez-Chaves Héctor E. , Link Andrés
Published: September 2024

Tree cavities used as sleeping sites are a limited resource for arboreal mammals. The shared use of arboreal cavities as sleeping sites between Neotropical mammals is rarely observed and has been little studied. We documented an event of sleeping site sharing between two medium-sized mammals, the Caribbean night monkey (Aotus griseimembra) and the Quichua porcupine (Coendou quichua), recorded in the humid lowland forests of the inter-Andean basin of the Magdalena River in the eastern part of the Department of Caldas, Colombia. The sleeping site sharing occurred in an avocado tree (Persea americana) over a period of three days and included an agonistic encounter between the two species. The group of Caribbean night monkeys was always near one of the two cavity entrances, entering near sunrise and leaving near sunset, while the two Quichua porcupines were inside the cavity, in different positions, and remained in the sleeping site even after dusk and before dawn. This study provides new information on the interaction between night monkeys and porcupines, and on the sharing of tree cavities as sleeping sites.
Improved insulator location and defect detection method based on GhostNet and YOLOv5s networks
Authors: Huang Jianjun , Huang Xuhong , Kang Ronghao , Chen Zhihong , Peng Junhan
Published: September 2024

Outdoor, real-time, and accurate detection of insulator defect locations can effectively avoid the occurrence of power grid security accidents. This paper proposes an improved GhostNet-YOLOv5s algorithm based on GhostNet and YOLOv5 models. First, the backbone feature extraction network of YOLOv5 was reconstructed with the lightweight GhostNet module to reduce the number of parameters and floating point operations of the model, so as to achieve the purpose of being lightweight. Then, a 160 × 160 feature layer was added to the YOLOv5 network to extract more feature information of small targets and fuzzy targets. In addition, the introduction of lightweight GSConv convolution in the neck network further reduced the computing cost of the entire network. Finally, Focal-EIoU was introduced to optimize the CIoU bounding box regression loss function in the original algorithm to improve the convergence speed and target location accuracy of the model. The experimental results show that the parameter number, computation amount, and model size of the GhostNet-YOLOv5s model are reduced by 40%, 25%, and 36%, respectively, compared with the unimproved YOLOv5s model. The proposed method not only ensures the precision of insulator defect detection, but also greatly decreases the complexity of the model. Therefore, the GhostNet-YOLOv5s algorithm can meet the requirements of real-time detection in complex outdoor environments.
On the inaccuracies of macroeconomic observations
Authors: van Bergeijk Peter A.G.
Published: September 2024

Transparency about measurement errors in macroeconomic statistics is lacking. Inaccuracy is usually acknowledged only during extraordinary situations or under specific policy demands. Despite advances in technology and methodology, the overall accuracy has not improved due to economic changes and new complex activities. Even striking historical efforts did not change the persistence of substantial inaccuracies and biases. While the pioneers of national accounting addressed inaccuracies by using multiple accounting approaches and transparently reported error estimates, current statistical offices and other data producers rarely publish error measures, thereby creating an illusion of precision. Best practices and new measurement methods, such as satellite observation, Big Data, and Artificial Intelligence, promise improvements but face significant challenges without clear standards and an awareness of measurement error and bias. Regular and transparent reporting of measurement errors is and will be essential to improve the data reliability. Empowering data users—funding agencies, academics, and journalists—through error reporting and education can challenge the status quo.
Heutagogy Approach in Mobile Learning: Developing Technology-Enabled Lifelong Learning
Authors: Wiki Lofandri
Published: September 2024

Students in higher education are using mobile devices, which challenges our understanding of what it means to learn in modern environments. By using mobile devices as instructional aids, students gain a variety of social, cognitive, and technical abilities. Mobile devices may therefore be seen as supporting the growth of employability skills and broader lifelong learning, both of which may be helpful in a variety of circumstances. The quickly evolving landscape of technology and education presented teachers with a number of challenges, and they had to retrain and refresh their skills in order to provide practical training. As a result, heutagogical methods are ideal for enhancing their collective knowledge and skills. Online and blended learning (BL) offer a learning environment that incorporates technological affordances to facilitate learning. This enables the growth of an independent, capable, and self-directed lifelong learner. Heutagogy provides an educational strategy in this context that may link the development of lifelong learning competencies with BL and online learning environments. Using this methodology, we investigate the potential contribution of online and blended higher education to technology-enabled lifelong learning where heutagogical experiences are available. The results support the notion that heutagogy and lifelong learning are linked by some basic concepts that apply to both mixed and online learning environments.
Technological Factors Affecting Communication Quality at Ho Chi Minh City University of Industry and Trade
Authors: Van Kha Nguyen , Thai Thanh Doan , Bui Anh Pham-Loan , Thuy Hang Tran Thi , Kim Hoang Bao
Published: September 2024

In the current era of technological explosion, applications are widely adopted and continuously improved, significantly impacting the education sector and creating a high demand for training within educational institutions. This manuscript identifies technological factors influencing communication quality at Ho Chi Minh City University of Industry and Trade, with broader implications for enhancing communication strategies in other educational and public sector organizations. Combining qualitative and quantitative methods, the study involved in-depth interviews with experts and a survey of 582 students, utilizing descriptive statistics, reliability testing, exploratory factor analysis, correlation analysis, and regression on SPSS 20.0 software. The proposed model includes five factors: Application Utility, Digital Transformation Enhancement, Practical Flexibility, Technological Trends, and Technology 4.0 Experience. Results show these factors positively support the school's brand and communication quality.
Research on the Capacity Allocation and Planning Model of a Flexible Direct Current Transmission System Based on Swarm Intelligence Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Hao Weihan
Published: September 2024

Based on the contradiction between the increasing power demand and the low capacity of the traditional direct current (DC) transmission system, this study innovatively combines the swarm intelligence optimization algorithm with power transmission and storage, and establishes a flexible DC transmission system model based on the swarm intelligence optimization algorithm. The study also analyzes the difference between the optimized capacity configuration of flexible DC transmission system and the traditional transmission system under different factors. The research results show that the transmission mode has become an important factor affecting the capacity allocation of flexible DC transmission system. The transmission medium and transmission cable type also have an impact on the capacity allocation of flexible DC transmission system. Optimizing power transmission mode, changing transmission medium and whether to add the swarm intelligence optimization algorithm are of far-reaching significance for improving the capacity allocation of flexible DC transmission system.
The Pitfalls of the Certificate-Based User Authentication Scheme on Korean Public Websites
Authors: Park Hun Myoung
Published: September 2024

The Korean government has employed a certificate-based user authentication scheme powered by Internet Explorer and ActiveX plug-ins for the past two decades. Users must obtain accredited digital certificates, install all required plug-ins on their machines, and undergo all user authentication procedures. Most clients mistakenly take a series of authentication procedures for granted and unwittingly make copies of security code cards, store accredited digital certificates on hard disks, and mechanically click “Yes” or “OK”. Public websites lack cross-platform and cross-browser compatibility and discriminate against those who do not use Windows. The government should require public organizations to provide at least a password-based n-factor authentication scheme over SSL/TLS and should reform institutional arrangements so that service providers take primary responsibility for online transactions. This “Galapagos e-government” case illustrates the importance of global technology standards and web accessibility.
Immune Response to SARS-CoV-2 in Vaccine-naive Pregnant Women: Assessment of IgG and IgA Antibody Profile at Delivery and 42 Days Postpartum
Authors: Druškovič Mirjam , Lučovnik Miha , Mesarič Vita Andreja , Kavšek Gorazd , Vidmar Šimic Marijana , Trojner Bregar Andreja , Avšič Županc Tatjana , Ihan Alojz , Premru Sršen Tanja
Published: September 2024

This prospective cohort study assessed the SARS-CoV-2 IgG and IgA Ab profiles at delivery and 42 d postpartum in unvaccinated SARS-CoV-2–positive pregnant women and determined the association with the timing and the clinical course of the infection. A total of 387 vaccine-naive women with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy were included. IgG and IgA Abs were detected in maternal blood at delivery and 42 d postpartum using ELISA kits. The relationships between Ab detection and value and clinical features, including the timing of the infection, were analyzed using univariate and multivariate logistic and linear regression models. The mean gestational age at infection was 31 4/7 wk of pregnancy. Symptoms of SARS-CoV-2 infection were present in 88.1% of women. IgG and IgA Abs were detected in 45.7 and 58.9% at delivery, respectively, increasing to 72.7 and 76.8% at 42 d postpartum. Detection of IgG and IgA Abs in maternal blood at delivery was independently associated with symptomatic infection (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 3.13, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.47–6.69 and adjusted OR 3.62, 95% CI: 1.8–7.26, respectively), but not with the time from positive swab to delivery or gestational age at positive swab. Detection of Abs at 42 d postpartum was also strongly associated with the detection of Abs at delivery (OR 29.97, 95% CI: 10.11–88.82 for IgG and OR 13.09, 95% CI: 6.37–26.9 for IgA). Vaccine-naive pregnant women exhibit a significant and durable immune response to SARS-CoV-2, which is more pronounced in symptomatic women but independent of gestational age at diagnosis or the diagnosis-to-delivery interval.
Vivre avec les changements climatiques au Canada : perspectives des secteurs relatives aux impacts et à l'adaptation
Authors: Warren F. J. , Lemmen D. S.
Published: September 2024

Le rapport Vivre avec les changements climatiques au Canada : perspectives des secteurs relatives aux impacts et à l'adaptation est une mise à jour de 2014 du rapport d'évaluation scientifique intitulé Vivre avec les changements climatiques au Canada : édition 2008. Aucours de cette période, notre connaissance des impacts et de l'adaptation aux changements climatiques au Canada s'est approfondie grâce à de nouvelles recherches et par l'intermédiaire d'une expérience pratique. La préparation du rapport a été dirigée par Ressources naturelles Canada et a nécessitéla participation de plus de 90 auteurs et de 115 examinateurs experts. Le rapport constitue une synthèse de plus de 1 500 publications récentes.
Advances in Understanding Therapeutic Mechanisms of Exercise Interventions for Individuals with Comorbid Depression and Cardiovascular Diseases: A Narrative Review
Authors: Li Xueqin , Han Yumei , Zhou Shi , Cheng Jinfang
Published: September 2024

The aims of this narrative review were to summarize the current literature on the beneficial effects of exercise interventions on individuals with comorbid depression and cardiovascular disease, and to review the current evidence that advances our understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying these effects. Ninety relevant articles were included and analyzed through a systematic search of PubMed and Web of Science. The analyses indicated that exercise interventions could modulate regulatory pathways to prevent depressive symptoms and reduce adverse cardiovascular events through five mechanisms: promoting immunosuppression, improving mitochondrial function, balancing the autonomic nervous system, up-regulating serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor, and improving vascular endothelial function; and the critical role of integrating the key principles of exercise prescription (frequency, intensity, type, time, volume, and progression) to identify novel therapeutic targets and optimize interventions. In conclusion, this study emphasizes not only the significance of exercise interventions but also the critical role of optimizing exercise prescriptions in managing comorbid depression and cardiovascular disorders. The approach holds important theoretical and clinical practice implications for enhancing both mental and cardiovascular health.
Wavefront-guided pupilloplasty in patients following penetrating keratoplasty: Optimizing results
Authors: Sharma Vijay K , Divyashree GN , Preeti  , Ambiya Vikas , Kumar Ashok , Khullar Srishti , Rana Vipin
Published: September 2024

Purpose:

To describe the role of wavefront-guided pupilloplasty in improving visual quality and wavefront parameters in post-keratoplasty patients with pathologically irregular, mydriatic pupils.

Methods:

A total of 13 eyes of post-penetrating keratoplasty patients with pathologically irregular mydriatic pupil were included in this prospective interventional study. Preoperative wavefront analysis was done with the actual pupil size, and predicted wavefront values were analyzed by setting the postoperative pupil size to 2 mm. Patients showing significant improvement between preoperative and predicted postoperative wavefront values underwent single-pass four-throw pupilloplasty, and all wavefront parameters were again evaluated after 1 week. Preoperative and postoperative best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), pupil size, and wavefront parameters were analyzed.

Results:

Mean BCVA improved from a preoperative value of 1.03 ± 0.32 log of minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) units to 0.24 ± 0.09 logMAR units. Mean preoperative pupil size was 6.077 ± 0.787 mm, whereas the achieved postoperative pupil size after pupilloplasty was 2.538 ± 0.139 mm. Mean astigmatism root mean square (RMS) value improved from 4.169 ± 3.876 to 0.875 ± 0.926 µm (P < 0.05), and mean coma value changed from 1.525 ± 1.962 to 0.128 ± 0.152 µm (P < 0.05). Mean point spread function Stehl ratio value improved from 0.056 ± 0.032 to 0.223 ± 0.102. Mean RMS (optical path difference) value changed from 6.248 ± 4.721 to 0.943 ± 0.947 µm (P < 0.001), Mean RMS (high orders) value changed from 3.788 ± 3.537 to 0.328 ± 0.256 µm (P value 0.003), and the mean spherical aberration value changed from 0.646 ± 0.873 to 0.223 ± 0.102 µm (P value 0.024). All postoperative wavefront parameters showed statistically significant improvement from the preoperative parameters.

Conclusion:

Wavefront-guided pupilloplasty can predict and improve wavefront parameters and visual quality in post-keratoplasty patients with pathologically irregular mydriatic pupils.
Visual outcomes with implantable Collamer lens versus small incision lenticule extraction in moderate-high myopia: A pilot study
Authors: Sinha Rajesh , Daga Juhi , Sahay Pranita , Gupta Vinay , Agarwal Tushar , Sharma Namrata , Maharana Prafulla K , Khokhar Sudarshan K , Titiyal Jeewan S
Published: September 2024

Purpose:

To compare the visual outcomes of implantable Collamer lens (ICL) with small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) in cases of moderate-high myopia.

Methods:

A prospective comparative study was conducted on 60 eyes of 30 patients with moderate-high myopia (−3D to −8D with astigmatism ≤1 D) at a tertiary eye care center. Patients underwent either SMILE or ICL in both eyes and had a postoperative follow-up of 1 year.

Results:

The manifest refractive spherical equivalent was −5.22 ± 1.05 D and −5.4 ± 1.17 D in the SMILE and ICL groups, respectively (P = 0.53). The mean sphere and cylinder were comparable between the groups. The mean uncorrected visual acuity improved from 1.18 ± 0.19 logMAR to 0.03 ± 0.07 logMAR in SMILE and 1.14 ± 0.25 logMAR to 0.011 ± 0.04 logMAR in the ICL group. The efficacy for SMILE was 83.3% and that for ICL was 93.3%. Safety and predictability (±0.5D) for both was 100%. A significant increase was observed in ocular aberration with a decrease in modular transfer function in the eyes that underwent SMILE, whereas no significant change in the eyes that underwent ICL. A significant difference was observed in all parameters of ocular aberration except corneal trefoil, corneal astigmatism, and PSF between the two groups at the final follow-up. The contrast sensitivity at final follow-up was higher in ICL cases when compared to SMILE. The quality of vision (QoV) score suggested a better QoV with ICL; however, the difference was not statistically significant.

Conclusion:

Both SMILE and ICL are safe in patients with moderate-high myopia. The efficacy, contrast sensitivity, and postoperative ocular aberration profile are better in cases undergoing ICL.
A new device, LMA Gastro™, on the horizon for endoscopy procedures: A narrative review
Authors: Gupta Anju , Saranlal A M , Gupta Nishkarsh
Published: September 2024

Interventional endoscopy procedures are challenging for anaesthesiologists due to the various patient, procedural, logistic, and position-related issues. Complex endoscopic procedures like biliary interventions and endoscopic myotomy necessitate longer procedural duration. The mode of anaesthesia is usually deep sedation without any definitive airway device and is frequently associated with hypoxemia events which can be catastrophic. An endotracheal tube, though the gold standard for securing the airway, would prolong the anaesthesia time and delay the recovery. The laryngeal mask airway Gastro™ is a novel supraglottic airway device specifically meant for these procedures as it provides access to the gastrointestinal tract simultaneously with a patent airway. Though its purported advantages are undoubted, its clinical usage has various pitfalls that can hinder its wider acceptance and practical utility, especially when newly introduced. The literature is limited on the feasibility of this device in both the ease of endoscopy and the prevention of hypoxemia. In this review, we have discussed the device’s properties, its varied use cases, the supporting evidence for the same, the caveats, and the future perspectives.
Diagnostic challenges in the assessment of thyroid neoplasms using nuclear features and vascular and capsular invasion: a multi-center interobserver agreement study
Authors: Harahap Agnes Stephanie , Mutmainnah Mutiah , Ham Maria Francisca , Khoirunnisa Dina , Assadyk Abdillah Hasbi , Cangara Husni , Asri Aswiyanti , Retnani Diah Prabawati , Quzwain Fairuz , Agustina Hasrayati , Istiadi Hermawan , Windarti Indri , Murti Krisna , Takbir Muhammad , Mahastuti Ni Made , Kurniasari Nila , Anggorowati Nungki , Abineno Pamela , Setyorini Yulita Pundewi , Kakudo Kennichi
Published: September 2024

Background: The diagnosis of thyroid neoplasms necessitates the identification of distinct histological features. Various education/hospital centers located in cities across Indonesia likely result in discordances among pathologists when diagnosing thyroid neoplasms.Methods: This study examined the concordance among Indonesian pathologists in assessing nuclear features and capsular and vascular invasion of thyroid tumors. Fifteen pathologists from different centers independently assessed the same 14 digital slides of thyroid tumor specimens. All the specimens were thyroid neoplasms with known BRAFV600E and RAS mutational status, from a single center. We evaluated the pre- and post-training agreement using the Fleiss kappa. The significance of the training was evaluated using a paired T-test. Results: Baseline agreement on nuclear features was slight to fair based on a 3-point scoring system (k = 0.14 to 0.28) and poor to fair based on an eight-point system (k = –0.02 to 0.24). Agreements on vascular (κ = 0.35) and capsular invasion (κ = 0.27) were fair, whereas the estimated molecular type showed substantial agreement (κ = 0.74). Following the training, agreement using the eight-point system significantly improved (p = 0.001). Conclusions: The level of concordance among Indonesian pathologists in diagnosing thyroid neoplasm was relatively poor. Consensus in pathology assessment requires ongoing collaboration and education to refine diagnostic criteria.
Algebraic fundamental groups of fake projective planes
Authors: Stover Matthew
Published: September 2024

Fundamental groups of fake projective planes fall into fifty distinct isomorphism classes, one for each complex conjugate pair. We prove that this is not the case for their algebraic fundamental groups: there are only forty-six isomorphism classes. We show that there are four pairs of complex conjugate pairs of fake projective planes that are

\operatorname{Aut}(\mathbb{C})

-equivalent and hence have mutually isomorphic algebraic fundamental groups. All other pairs of algebraic fundamental groups are shown to be distinct through explicit finite étale covers. As a by-product, this provides the first examples of commensurable but nonisomorphic lattices in a rank one semisimple Lie group that have isomorphic profinite completions.
Brass, Naval, Bars, and Rods, 60.5Cu - 38.7Zn - 0.8Sn, Half Hard (H02)
Authors:   AMS D Nonferrous Alloys Committee
Published: September 2024

This specification covers a copper alloy (naval brass) in the form of bars and rods (see 8.5).
Brass, Wire, 65Cu - 35Zn, Eighth-Hard (H00)
Authors:   AMS D Nonferrous Alloys Committee
Published: September 2024

This specification covers one type of brass in the form of wire (see 8.5).
Steel, Corrosion-Resistant, Sheet Laminated, Edge Bonded
Authors:   AMS F Corrosion and Heat Resistant Alloys Committee
Published: September 2024

This specification covers a corrosion-resistant steel in the form of laminated sheet.
Prevalencia del Síndrome Metabólico en la población laboral perteneciente a la plantilla laboral de 3 hospitales de Euskadi: factores de riesgo e indicadores predictivos
Authors: Rosito Rodríguez Antonio Manuel , Rodríguez Elera Mauricio Roberto , Gómez López Ludmila Brizeiry
Published: September 2024

Introducción: Determinar la prevalencia del síndrome metabólico (SM) en la población laboral perteneciente a la plantilla laboral de 3 hospitales de Euskadi y su asociación con los factores de riesgo e indicadores predictivos.
Método: Estudio poblacional, observacional y de corte transversal con enfoque cuantitativo, descriptivo-correlacional. Se determinó el tamaño mediante muestreo aleatorio simple sin reposición, efectuando la estimación de parámetros poblacionales (valor esperado aproximado a 0,5, precisión del intervalo 0,05 y nivel de confianza de 0,95), con ajuste a pérdidas del 15%, revisando 452 fichas de reconocimiento de salud en cada hospital. Las variables resultado fueron las recomendadas por la Organización Mundial de la Salud.
Resultados: Prevalencia de SM 5,5%, con tendencia no significativa (R2=0,11 p=0,528). Significación entre SM y tabaco y consumo de alcohol en mujeres (p<0,001 en ambos casos). En hombres fue en relación con el ejercicio físico (p=0,001) y los turnos de trabajo (p=0,043). Las variables cuantitativas: edad, índice de masa corporal, tensión arterial (sistólica y diastólica), glucemia y colesterol si presentaron asociación con el SM (p<0,001).
Conclusiones: La prevalencia observada fue sustancialmente menor que los datos reflejados en anteriores estudios, tanto en población general como en trabajadores. Las variaciones en el periodo estudiado no fueron significativas. Se constató asociación en el SM del consumo de tabaco y de alcohol en las mujeres y del ejercicio físico y los turnos de trabajo en los hombres. Las variables cuantitativas indicadoras de SM presentaron todas ellas asociación.
Producción científica europea sobre salud laboral indizada en la base de datos bibliográfica Scopus
Authors: Rodríguez Rodríguez Miriam , Moreno Nicolás Almudena , Martínez-Martínez Patricia
Published: September 2024

Objetivo: Analizar, mediante técnicas bibliométricas, la producción científica europea sobre salud laboral (SL) indizada en la base de datos bibliográfica Scopus.
Método: Estudio descriptivo transversal. Los datos se obtuvieron de la base de datos Scopus, interrogando con el término “Occupational Health” los campos de registro de título, resumen y palabras clave; fecha final de búsqueda abril 2023.
Resultados: Se obtuvo un total de 89133 referencias a nivel mundial, teniendo 27546 (30,9%) de ellas filiación europea. La relación anual del número de publicaciones mostró un modelo de regresión lineal directo (R2 = 0,7; p < 0,001). La tipología documental más frecuente fue el artículo original con 19895 (72,2%) referencias, siendo el índice de productividad de 4,3. El semiperiodo de Burton-Kebler fue de 12 años, con máximo de 94 y mínimo de 0 años, con índice de Price (IP) del 23,5%. Se identificaron trabajos publicados en 34 distintos idiomas, siendo el inglés la lengua predominante en las publicaciones sobre SL con 21419 (77,8%) trabajos.
Conclusiones: Este estudio demostró que la investigación en el campo de la SL en Europa ha experimentado un crecimiento constante a lo largo de los años, aunque aún no ha alcanzado un crecimiento exponencial. Se observó una elevada obsolescencia en cuanto a la producción científica en el contexto europeo. El artículo original fue el tipo de documento más común en la producción científica. La mayoría de las publicaciones científicas europeas en este campo se realizan en formato de acceso abierto. Se evidenció la falta de uso de un lenguaje estandarizado. Se constató una clara influencia anglosajona, tanto en términos de idioma como de filiación institucional. Sin embargo, se apreció una falta de colaboración entre instituciones europeas en esta área de conocimiento.
Importancia de la realización de las pruebas funcionales en salud laboral por especialistas en enfermería del trabajo
Authors: Alonso Jiménez Esperanza Mª
Published: September 2024

En el ámbito de la salud laboral, la realización de pruebas funcionales es fundamental para evaluar la aptitud de los trabajadores y garantizar su bienestar. Estas pruebas forman parte del examen de salud de los trabajadores y por lo tanto se consideran herramientas indispensables para la evaluación del criterio de aptitud, así como para conocer el estado de salud y la afectación (si la hubiera) del entorno laboral sobre el trabajador. Estas pruebas funcionales incluyen (entre otras extracción de sangre, audiometrías, espirometrías, campimetrías, control de visión y electrocardiogramas.
La adecuada ejecución de estas requiere no solo una técnica depurada, sino también un conocimiento profundo de los criterios científicos que las sustentan. Por ello, es crucial que sean realizadas por enfermeros especialistas en enfermería del trabajo, quienes poseen la titulación y cualificación profesional necesarias para asegurar la fiabilidad y precisión de los resultados, así como la pericia suficiente para ejecutarlas con amplios criterios de calidad y poder hacer una evaluación del resultado final de las mismas.
Inflation is always and everywhere … a conflict phenomenon: post-Keynesian inflation theory and energy price driven conflict inflation, distribution, demand and employment
Authors: Hein Eckhard
Published: September 2024

This paper reviews the post-Keynesian theory of inflation against the background of the simultaneous rise in inflation and profit shares in the course of the COVID-19 recovery and the Russian war in Ukraine. It distinguishes between the Keynes, Kaldor, Robinson, and Marglin tradition, and the Kalecki, Rowthorn, and Dutt tradition. Two prototype models in the latter tradition — the Dutt, Blecker–Setterfield and Lavoie variant, and the Rowthorn and Hein–Stockhammer variant — are discussed. The paper applies the latter to elucidate recent inflation trends propelled by increasing imported energy prices and then rising mark-ups. The effects of inflation-targeting central bank interest policies versus a post-Keynesian alternative macroeconomic policy approach are evaluated. It is argued that from a post-Keynesian perspective inflation is always and everywhere a conflict phenomenon, with different potential triggers. Adequate policies should thus focus on moderating distribution conflict by incomes policies, complemented by central banks targeting low long-term real interest rates, functional finance fiscal policies and international coordination of inflation targets.
Profits and markups during the post-COVID-19 inflation shock in the U.S. economy: a firm-level lens
Authors: Davis Leila
Published: September 2024

In this paper, I use firm-level data from Compustat to document the evolution of markups among listed U.S. non-financial firms during the height of the COVID-19 pandemic (2020–2022). I show that, continuing its long-term rise, the aggregate (sales-weighted) markup rises markedly in 2020 and moderately in 2021, and returns to pre-pandemic levels in 2022. I then disaggregate this aggregate trend to, first, show that its 2020 growth reflects growing sales concentration. In contrast, the average within-firm markup is steadier than the aggregate. Second, I show that the markup distribution widens during the pandemic, due largely to increases at its 90th percentile. At the same time, however, the cross-sectional distribution obfuscates that firms with low pre-pandemic markups command notable markup growth in both 2021 and 2022. Third, I document key roles for manufacturing, retail, and information services in these dynamics. Together, these patterns are consistent with accounts of profit inflation, wherein U.S. firms’ market power allowed them to maintain – and, for some firms, increase – their margins over direct costs in the face of input cost shocks in 2020–2022.
The art of paradigm maintenance: how the New Keynesian ‘Science of Monetary Policy’ tries to deal with the inflation of 2021–2023
Authors: Storm Servaas
Published: September 2024

The macroeconomic models used by major institutions including the Federal Reserve and the International Monetary Fund (IMF) failed to predict the inflation surge during 2021–2023. The output gap, the unemployment gap, the New Keynesian Phillips curve and inflation expectations did not give timely and relevant signals. The re-emergence of inflation thus threw the ‘science of monetary policy’ off the rails. Faced with the choice between changing their paradigm and proving that there is no need to do so, the ‘scientists of monetary policy’ got busy on the proof. As a result, a number of ad hoc epicycles have been added to the New Keynesian analytical core – with the help of which one can claim to be able to explain the sudden acceleration of inflation post factum. This paper critically reviews the theoretical and empirical merits of three recent tweaks to the New Keynesian core: using the vacancy ratio as the appropriate measure of real economic activity; hammering on the considerable risk of an imminent wage–price spiral; and the resurrection of the non-linear Phillips curve. The paper concludes by drawing out sobering lessons concerning the art of paradigm maintenance as practiced by the ‘scientists of monetary policy’.
Bazı tıbbi bitkilerin kadim tıp konulu eserler, halk tıbbı ve bilimsel araştırmalardaki bulgularının karşılaştırılması
Authors: Tanrıkulu Nazım
Published: September 2024

Bazı tıbbi bitkilerin kadim tıp konulu eserler, halk tıbbı ve bilimsel araştırmalardaki bulgularının karşılaştırılması

Nazım TANRIKULU

Medipol Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Tıp Tarihi ve Etik Anabilim Dalı - Balıkesir Büyükşehir Belediyesi Çiftçi Eğitim Merkezi (BAÇEM), ORCID: 0000-0002-5628-4802

*Corresponding author; Telephone: +90 (266) 5020501; E-mail address: nazimtanrikuluna@gmail.com

Bazı Tıbbi Bitkilerin Kadim Tıp Konulu Eserler, Halk Tıbbı ve Bilimsel Araştırmalardaki Bulgularının Karşılaştırılması

Özet
Bu makalede önemli 25 tıbbi bitkinin (Artemisia absinthium, Rosmarinus officinalis, Achillea millefolium, Nigella sativa, Laurus nobilis, Malva sp., Althaea sp., Vitex agnus-castus, Cichorium intybus, Tilia platyphyllos, Urtica sp., Valeriana officinalis, Rosa canina, Cistus creticus, Origanum majorana, Myrtus communis, Glycyrrhiza glabra, Sambucus nigra, Melissa officinalis,Viscum album, Pistacia lentiscus, Hypericum perforatum, Plantago lanceolata, Matricaria recutita, Arum maculatum) belirlenen tıp yazma eserlerdeki tıbbi kullanımları ile etnobotanik derlemelere dayalı halk tıbbındaki kullanımı ve günümüz bilimsel çalışmalarındaki kullanım amaçları karşılaştırılmıştır.

Çalışma sonucunda, belirlenen 25 tıbbi bitkinin, 21 kadim tıp kitabı ve halk tıbbındaki kullanımı ile günümüzde yapılan bilimsel araştırmalardaki kullanımı büyük oranda benzerlik göstermektedir. Elde edilen bulgular üç dönem karşılaştırması yapılarak bu makalede paylaşılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Etnobotanik, etnofarmakoloji, geleneksel tıp, halk tıbbı, tıbbi bitki
A comparative haematological research on Bufo bufo (Linnaeus, 1758) and B. verrucosissimus (Pallas, 1814) in Türkiye
Authors: Dursun Cantekin , Demirci Nagihan , Akyüz Yaren , Gül Serkan , Özdemir Nurhayat
Published: September 2024

In this study, it is aimed to contribute to the systematic situation of Bufo bufo and B. verrucosissimus by comparing some blood parameters for the first time. For that, fieldwork was done in Lake Borçka Karagöl, Artvin for B. verrucosissimus and Lake Uzungöl, Trabzon for B. bufo in 2022. A total of 6 adult individuals (3 males, 3 females) were captured per species. For each individual, 1 ml blood sample was acquired from spontaneously pulsating heart ventricle and blood smears were prepared. Under a microscope, 40 randomly chosen erythrocytes from each smear were measured to acquire 9 distinct blood cell parameters. Additionally, erythrocyte and leukocyte counts were calculated using Neubauer hemacytometer. It was found that female individuals had larger values for measurement of blood cell parameters. Mean erythrocyte and leucocyte numbers were higher in the blood of B. bufo than B. verrucosissimus but there was not a significant difference between species for erythrocyte and leukocyte counts. In females, erythrocytes were larger and narrower in B. verrucosissimus than B. bufo species. Alike, nuclei were larger and narrower as observed in B. verrucosissimus, similar to erythrocytes. However, B. bufo had larger and wider erythrocytes but larger and narrower nuclei in males. Given the differences between sexes, these characters thought as not diagnostic. In addition, PCA analysis showed overlapped position of species in morphospace and supported the weak discrimination power of the characters. Our findings will contribute to the future studies as a reference source for basic blood parameters.
The Effect of Difference Training Intensity on Increased Adiponectin Levels in High-fructose-induced Mice (Mus musculus)
Authors: Puspita Dwi Indah , Rejeki Purwo Sri , Sari Gadis Meinar , Munir Misbakhul , Izzatunnisa Nabilah , Muhammad  , Halim Shariff , Pranoto Adi
Published: September 2024

Introduction. The consumption of fructose in excessive quantities has been implicated in the onset of obesity and a spectrum of metabolic dysfunctions. Physical exercise is posited as a potent intervention to ameliorate obesity-induced metabolic anomalies, ostensibly through the elevation of adiponectin concentrations. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of this effect remain inadequately understood.
Objective. This study aims to demonstrate the impact of exercise intensity on increasing adiponectin levels in high-fructose-induced mice, highlighting the underlying molecular mechanisms.
Methods. The experiment was carried out on 36 male mice (Mus musculus), aged ±8 weeks, with body weight ± 20 – 25 grams, in healthy condition and without defects. Mice were randomly divided into four groups. Control group without training (CN; n = 9); the low-intensity swimming training group with a 3% load of the mice's body weight (LI; n = 9); the moderate-intensity swimming training group with a 6% load of the mice's body weight (MI; n = 9); the heavy intensity swimming training group with a 9% load of the mice's body weight (HI; n = 9). The frequency of swimming training was carried out 3 times/week for 8 weeks, and the duration of swimming training was calculated as 80% of the maximum swimming time every session. All groups were orally (oral ad libitum) given 30% fructose solution for 8 weeks. Adiponectin levels were quantified via ELISA. Statistical interrogation employed one-way ANOVA and Tukey's HSD post hoc test, with a significance threshold set at 5%.
Results. The results indicated a statistically significant divergence in adiponectin levels (p ≤ 0.001). Tukey's HSD post hoc test analysis revealed substantial disparities between CN and LI (p = 0.196), CN and MI (p = 0.0001), CN and HI (p = 0.001), LI and MI (p = 0.001), LI and HI (p = 0.001), and MI and HI (p = 0.001).
Conclusion. This study found that moderate-intensity swimming training was more optimal in increasing adiponectin levels in fructose-induced mice compared to high-intensity, low-intensity, and control groups. Additionally, this research identified specific molecular pathways activated by moderate-intensity training, providing new insights for therapeutic interventions in tackling obesity-related metabolic dysfunctions.