bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Healthy Lifestyle Behaviors Are Major Predictors of Mental Wellbeing During COVID-19 Pandemic Confinement: A Study on Adult Arabs in Higher Educational Institutions
Authors: Kilani Hashem , Bataineh Mo'ath F , Al-Nawayseh Ali , Atyat Khaled , Obeid Omar , Abu-Hilal Maher M. , Mansi Taiysir , Al-Kilani Maher , Al-Kitani Mahfooda , El-Saleh Majed , Jaber Ruba M. , Sweidan Ahmad , Himsi Mawaheb , Yousef Iyad , Alzeer Faten , Nasrallah Monther , Dhaheri Ayesha S Al , Al-Za’abi Abdulsalam , Allala Osama , Al-Kilani Laila , Alhasan Asma M , Ghieda Mohamed , Najah Yasir , Alsheekhly Saad , Alhaifi Ahmad , Shukri Raghda , Adwani Jamal Al , Waly Mostafa , Kilani Laila , Kilani Leen H. , Shareef Ahmad S al , Kilani Areej
Published: June 2020

Background: In previous times, infectious diseases affected the quality of human life during home confinement. This study investigated the influence of home confinement during the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak on lifestyle, mental wellbeing, nutritional status, and sleeping pattern. Method: An online multicategory questionnaire was distributed to collect Demographical information and combined the following tools: Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ), International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), WHO-5 wellbeing score, and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). A snowball none-discriminate sampling procedure was followed to collect data from people attending or working at higher institution had covering the period between Mar/00/2020 and Apr/24/2020. A total of 1723 completed responses (917 Males 37.4 ±13.4 yrs. old and (806 Females 32.2 ± 11.5 yrs. old) were collected.Results: Female participants had significantly lower mental health scores as compared to males (53.9% vs 46.1%). on Mental wellbeing score was better among participants with medium and high Physical Activity Levels (p < 0.00). Additionally, mental wellbeing score was significantly improved by dietary quality and sleeping score (p < 0.001). However, physical activity was by far the major determinants of mental health score. Conclusion: Factors such as PA, Diet, sleeping patterns were associated with mental wellbeing during COVID-19 confinement among Arab participants.
The Development of Paeonia ostii Seeds and Oil Quality Formation
Authors: Zou Yuting , Wang Yanan , Zhu Mingwei , Li Shuxian , Ma Qiuyue
Published: June 2020

Paeonia ostii is a woody oil crop with potential value as an edible oil. With the aim of acquiring systematic knowledge of the development of P. ostii seeds, the oil content, biomass, and water content of the seeds were determined. Changes in the distribution of hydrogen protons in P. ostii seeds during follicle development were traced using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The formation of oil bodies in the endosperm and embryo was observed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Dynamic changes in oleic acid, linoleic acid, and α-linolenic acid contents were assessed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The magnetic resonance images showed that, during early follicle development [45–85 days after flowering (DAF)], a greater quantity of liquid mucus was present within the seeds, and seeds in the same follicle developed at different rates. At 95 to 115 DAF, proton density was distributed evenly in all areas of the seed. A small dark area appeared in the center of the seed, and mucus in the follicles and water in the pericarp disappeared gradually. TEM observations showed that at 45 DAF, a few oil bodies were scattered at the cell periphery in the endosperm, and oil bodies were more numerous in the embryo. With the progression of seed development, the number and size of oil bodies in the embryo and endosperm continued to increase. The fresh and dry mass of P. ostii seeds increased from 45 to 105 DAF, then decreased after 105 DAF. The moisture content decreased, whereas the oil content increased and attained 33.1% at seed maturity. The three predominant unsaturated fatty acids accumulated simultaneously and showed stages of initial accumulation (45–65 DAF) and rapid accumulation (65–105 DAF). The results suggest that 65 to 105 DAF is a critical period for unsaturated fatty acid accumulation in P. ostii seeds.
Subsystem Rényi entropy of thermal ensembles for SYK-like models
Authors: Zhang Pengfei , Liu Chunxiao , Chen Xiao
Published: June 2020

The Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev model is an NN-modes
fermionic model with infinite range random interactions. In this work,
we study the thermal Rényi entropy for a subsystem of the SYK model
using the path-integral formalism in the
large-NN
limit. The results are consistent with exact diagonalization and can be
well approximated by thermal entropy with an effective temperature when
subsystem size M\leq N/2M≤N/2.
We also consider generalizations of the SYK model with quadratic random
hopping term or U(1)U(1)
charge conservation.
Space-like dynamics in a reversible cellular automaton
Authors: Klobas Katja , Prosen Tomaz
Published: June 2020

In this paper we study the space evolution in the Rule 54 reversible
cellular automaton, which is a paradigmatic example of a deterministic
interacting lattice gas. We show that the spatial translation of time
configurations of the automaton is given in terms of local deterministic maps
with the support that is small but bigger than that of the time evolution.
The model is thus an example of space-time dual reversible cellular
automaton, i.e. its dual is also (in general different) reversible cellular automaton.
We provide two equivalent interpretations of the result; the first one relies on
the dynamics of quasi-particles and follows from an exhaustive check of all
the relevant time configurations, while the second one relies on purely
algebraic considerations based on the circuit representation of the dynamics.
Additionally, we use the properties of the local space evolution maps to
provide an alternative derivation of the matrix product representation of
multi-time correlation functions of local observables positioned at the same
spatial coordinate.
Financial resource management in the Nigerian public sector: policy measures to address loopholes
Authors: Victoria Adebayo Adesola , Damilola Ilesanmi Kehinde
Published: June 2020

Despite concerted efforts made by successive government administrations in Nigeria to eliminate or better still minimize the menace of fraud, embezzlement, misappropriation of funds, inflation of contract prices, payment of salaries to ghost workers etc., it seems as if the challenge is far from being over. It is believed that the implementation of effective and efficient financial control systems may result in better performance, accountability, and better reporting process in the public sector. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of financial control in the public sector of Nigeria using Akoko South-West Local Government Area (ASWLGA) as a case study. The study employed both descriptive and econometric analytical methods to achieve the stated objectives. Specifically, the hypotheses were tested using regression analysis based on the primary data collected. The study revealed that the level of financial control in ASWLGA is adequate and capable of reducing financial misappropriation and that financial control is also cost-effective. However, there is a need for regular review of the financial control system in order to boost the effectiveness of the public sector.
Efficiency of Transient Expression in Protoplasts of Various Potato Varieties
Authors: Strelnikova S.R. , Zlobin N.E. , Kharchenko P.N. , Komakhin R.A.
Published: June 2020

Production of mesophilic protoplasts in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) for transient gene expression is a mandatory technological stage in testing efficiency of new genetic constructs and CRISPR/Cas genome editing. In this study, isolation of protoplasts was carried out from leaves of potato plants of nine Russian cultivars grown in vitro for 6-7 weeks in vessels with foil caps, which prevented gas exchange with the environment. We first ever demonstrated the possibility of obtaining 2.4∙106 to 4.6∙106 viable protoplasts from one gram of aseptic plant leaves depending on the used potato cultivar. We established that the level of transfection of protoplasts with the genetic construct pHBT-sGFP-NosT amounts from 10 to 49% depending on the cultivar, which is sufficient for subsequent successful analysis of the efficiency of genetic constructs and potato genome editing.

potato, Solanum tuberosum, protoplasts, plasmid DNA, transfection, transient expression, gfp

The work was financially supported by the Comprehensive Research Program «Development of Potato Breeding and Seed Production».
Bioluminescence Toxicity Assay of Polyethylenimine-Based Sorbents
Authors: Aleskerova L.E. , Vasilieva S.G. , Morozov A.S. , Ismailov A.D. , Lobakova E.S.
Published: June 2020

The toxicity of polyethylenimine-based sorbents and their extracts was evaluated and their effect on the bioluminescence of Photobacterium phosphoreum photobacteria was studied. These test bacteria are commonly used as objects to determine the toxicity of various materials. The analyzed materials were synthesized by cross-linking PEI with diethylene glycol diglycidyl ether (DGDE) at mass contents of the latter of 1.9-120.0% with subsequent freezing. It was found that the degree of luminescence inhibition in the P. phosphoreum cells depended on the PEI/DGDE ratio in the sorbent. The sorbents with high DGDE content (60-120%) did not affect the cell luminescence activity, while those with a lower percentage of the cross-linker (0.9-30%) exerted a pronounced inhibitory effect on luminescence of photobacteria according to the data obtained via the standard biotesting method. It was also established that the inhibitory effect of sorbents with a lower DGDE percentage (<30%) in a phosphate buffer was significantly lower than in salt solutions. Water and ethanol extracts of sorbents with the DGDE mass percentage of more than 15% did not significantly inhibit the luminescence of P. phosphoreum during 1 h of incubation. Immobilization of P. phosphoreum cells on the surface and internal parts of the studied sorbents was observed by the method of scanning electron microscopy.

bioluminescence, biotest, toxicity analysis, photobacteria, polymer sorbents, polyethylenimine

This study was funded by the Russian Science Foundation (Grant no. 16-14-00112).
Determination of Specific Activity of Cholera Chemical Vaccine Components using Cell Culture
Authors: Gromova O.V. , Durakova O.S. , Generalov S.V. , Livanova L.F. , Volokh O.A.
Published: June 2020

Том 36(2020) №3 стр. 82-89; DOI 10.21519/0234-2758-2020-36-3-82-89А.В. Гаева1*, О.В. Громова1, О.С. Дуракова1, С.В. Генералов1, Л.Ф. Ливанова1, О.А. Волох1

Определение специфической активности компонентов холерной химической вакцины с использованием культуры клеток
1ФКУЗ «Российский научно-исследовательский противочумный институт «Микроб»» Федеральной службы по надзору в сфере защиты прав потребителей и благополучия человека, Саратов 410005

*rusrapi@microbe.ru
Поступила - 2019-11-26; После доработки - 2020-03-16; Принята к публикации - 2020-05-15

Список литературы

Описаны методы определения динамики продукции токсинов штаммом Vibrio cholerae 569B при глубинном культивировании в биореакторе и антигенной активности специфической фракции холерогена-анатоксина по анатоксинсвязыванию с использованием клеточных культур. Показана высокая степень соответствия результатов, полученных методами, применяемыми для контроля этапов производства холерной химической вакцины и рассмотренными в данной работе. Отмечено, что применение клеточной линии СНО-К1 наиболее перспективно для замены биомоделей на промежуточных этапах контроля активных компонентов холерной химической вакцины. Разработанный методический подход впервые предлагается использовать на этапах производства холерной бивалентной химической вакцины.

культура клеток, Vibrio cholerae, холерная химическая вакцина, контроль производства, холера.

Vol 36(2020) N 3 p. 82-89; DOI 10.21519/0234-2758-2020-36-3-82-89A.V. Gaeva1*, O.V. Gromova1, O.S. Durakova1, S.V. Generalov1, L.F. Livanova1, O.A. Volokh1

Determination of Specific Activity of Cholera Chemical Vaccine Components using Cell Culture
1Russian Research Anti-Plague Institute «Microbe» of the Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing, Saratov, 410005

*rusrapi@microbe.ru
Received - 26.11.2019; Accepted - 15.05.2020

References

The methods has been described to determine the dynamics of toxin production by the Vibrio cholerae 569B strain during submerged cultivation in bioreactor and of the antigenic activity of specific choleragen anatoxin fraction by anatoxin binding levels using cell cultures. High degree of consistency was observed between the results obtained via the method under consideration and those obtained via control methods at different stages of cholera chemical vaccine production. It was shown that the CHO-K1 cell line is the most promising substitute for biomodels at the intermediate stages of control of active cholera chemical vaccine components. The developed methodological approach was first proposed for use at the stages of cholera chemical bivalent vaccine manufacturing.

cell culture, Vibrio cholerae, cholera chemical vaccine, production control, cholera.
Thermodynamics, kinetics, and isotherms for phenol removal from wastewater using red mud
Authors: Mandal Ashanendu , Dey Basab Brata , Das Sudip Kumar
Published: June 2020

The phenol removal through adsorption using industrial waste has been studied. The red mud generated as waste in the aluminum plants was used in this research. The surface characterizations of red mud were assessed. The batch experiment was investigated with pH (2–12), adsorption period (120–600 min), phenol content (40–200 mg/L), adsorbent dose (2–7 g/L), and temperature (30–50 °C). At the optimum operating condition, the percentage of phenol removal was 87.5%. The pseudo-second-order kinetic model (r2 = 0.98625–0.99994) fitted better than the pseudo-first-order kinetic model. The Freundlich isotherm model was best fitted (r2 = 0.99734–0.99955) among Langmuir, Dubinin–Radushkevich (D-R), and Temkin isotherms. The Langmuir monolayer adsorption capacity was 49.30966 mg/g at 30 °C. The adsorption mechanisms were supported by Reichenberg, Fick, Elovich, Furusawa, and Smith and Boyd models (r2 > 0.8). The thermodynamics suggested endothermic, random, and spontaneous adsorption above 50 °C. The scale-up design using the Langmuir isotherm, and the disposal of used adsorbent after incineration, was established in this study. The research concludes that the red mud generated from the aluminum plant can be used to remove the phenol from wastewater.
O Cuidado de Enfermagem a criança com transtorno do espectro autista: um desafio no cotidiano
Authors: De Brito Ribas Lara , Alves Manoela
Published: June 2020

O trabalho trata do cuidado de enfermagem a criança autista. Tendo por objetivos:descrever o cuidado de enfermagem a criança autista e analisar o cuidado deenfermagem a criança autista. Trata-se de uma revisão bibliográfica, através de estudoscientíficos, nas bases de dados mais relevantes como: Scielo (Scientific ElectronicLibrary Online) e BIREME. Foram encontrados inicialmente 1.278 artigos queenvolviam o tema de autismo. Após aplicar os DECS (cuidados de enfermagem,transtorno do espectro autista, autismo), filtrou-se 8 artigos que abordavam a temática,no idioma Português e no período de 2014-2019. Após avaliação dos títulos,encontraram-se o total de 6 artigos, com a leitura minuciosa dos artigos foram excluídoso total de 3 artigos, resultando em somente 3 artigos que abordavam a temática doscuidados de enfermagem ao autismo infantil Os dados demonstram um grande déficitsobre a temática. A prática assistencial do enfermeiro frente à criança autista, ainda éum tabu para muitos profissionais, o que decorre da falta de estudos científicos queabordem o assunto. Conclui-se, que há a necessidade de que a temática seja ministradana graduação, a fim de que sejam produzidos estudos que capacitem os profissionaisenfermeiros, proporcionando uma assistência qualificada.

Palavras chave: Autismo; Criança; Cuidado de enfermagem.
An Insight into Oligopeptide Transporter 3 (OPT3) Family Proteins
Authors: Kurt Fırat
Published: June 2020

Background:

OPT3s are involved in the transport of Fe from xylem to phloem, in loading
Fe into phloem, and in the transmission of shoot-to-root iron signaling. Yet, apart from Arabidopsis,
little is known about these transporters’functions in other plant species.

Objective:

OPT3 proteins of several plant species were characterized using bioinformatical tools.
Also, a probable Fe chelating protein, GSH, was used in docking analyses to shed light on the interactions
of ligand binding sites of OPT3s.

Methods:

The multiple sequence alignment (MSA) analysis, protein secondary and tertiary structure
analyses, molecular phylogeny analysis, transcription factor binding site analyses, co-expression
and docking analyses were performed using up-to-date bioinformatical tools.

Results:

All OPT3s in this study appear to be transmembrane proteins. They appear to have broad
roles and substrate specificities in different metabolic processes. OPT3 gene structures were highly
conserved. Promoter analysis showed that bZIP, WRKY, Dof and AT-Hook Transcription factors
(TFs) may regulate the expression of OPT3 genes. Consequently, they seemed to be taking part in
both biotic and abiotic stress responses as well as growth and developmental processes.

Conclusion:

The results showed that OPT3 proteins are involved in ROS regulation, plant stress responses,
and basal pathogen resistance. They have species-specific roles in biological processes.
Lastly, the transport of iron through OPT3s may occur with GSH according to the binding affinity
results of the docking analyses.
Unmasking the Many Faces of Giloy (Tinospora cordifolia L.): A Fresh Look on its Phytochemical and Medicinal Properties
Authors: Verma Deepak Kumar , G. Kimmy , Kumar Pradyuman , El-Shazly Mohamed
Published: June 2020

Background:

Plants have been used to treat health disorders and prevent diseases since antiquity in all
civilizations including the Indian and Chinse. Giloy (Tinospora cordifolia L.) is one of the most important medicinal
plants in Indian folk medicine and is commonly known as the “Heart-leaved Moonseed” or “Guduchi”.
Giloy is a perennial shrubby creeper of the Menispermaceae family. It is native to the tropical areas of India, Sri
Lanka, Myanmar, Sothern Eastern Asia, Africa, and Australia. It attracted attention in the last few decades because
its roots, stems, and leaves are used in folk medicine treating several disorders.

Methods:

To reveal its potential, we reviewed the literature on this plant over the last five decades using several
search engines.

Results:

Giloy is recommended in diabetes, stomachache, jaundice, urinary problems, skin ailments, and prolonged
diarrhea and dysentery. The medicinal properties of T. cordifolia extracts were attributed to its phytochemical
content including steroids, alkaloids, diterpenoid lactones, and glycosides.

Conclusion:

In this review, we summarized the phytochemical content of T. cordifolia and its medicinal properties
with special emphasis on its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and cytotoxic activities. We aimed to provide
natural product researchers with a full picture of the potential applications of this plant in the development of food
additives and nutraceuticals.
The Comparison of Two Single-cell Sequencing Platforms: BD Rhapsody and 10x Genomics Chromium
Authors: Gao Caixia , Zhang Mingnan , Chen Lei
Published: June 2020

The cell is the unit of life for all organisms, and all cells are certainly not the same. So the
technology to generate transcription expression or genomic DNA profiles from single cells is crucial.
Since its establishment in 2009, single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) has emerged as a major
driver of progress in biomedical research. During the last three years, several new single-cell sequencing
platforms have emerged. Yet there are only a few systematic comparisons of the advantages and
limitations of these commonly used platforms. Here we compare two single-cell sequencing platforms:
BD Rhapsody and 10x Genomics Chromium, including their different mechanisms and some
scRNA-seq results obtained with them.
Temozolomide: An Updated Overview of Resistance Mechanisms, Nanotechnology Advances and Clinical Applications
Authors: Ortiz Raúl , Perazzoli Gloria , Cabeza Laura , Jiménez-Luna Cristina , Luque Raquel , Prados Jose , Melguizo Consolación
Published: June 2020

Temozolomide (TMZ), an oral alkylating prodrug which delivers a methyl group to purine bases of DNA (O6-guanine; N7-guanine and N3-adenine), is frequently used together with radiotherapy as part of the first-line treatment of high-grade gliomas. The main advantages are its high oral bioavailability (almost 100% although the concentration found in the cerebrospinal fluid was approximately 20% of the plasma concentration of TMZ), its lipophilic properties, and small size that confer the ability to cross the blood-brain barrier. Furthermore, this agent has demonstrated activity not only in brain tumors but also in a variety of solid tumors. However, conventional therapy using surgery, radiation, and TMZ in glioblastoma results in a median patient survival of 14.6 months. Treatment failure has been associated with tumor drug resistance. This phenomenon has been linked to the expression of O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase, but the mismatch repair system and the presence of cancer stem-like cells in tumors have also been related to TMZ resistance. The understanding of these mechanisms is essential for the development of new therapeutic strategies in the clinical use of TMZ, including the use of nanomaterial delivery systems and the association with other chemotherapy agents. The aim of this review is to summarize the resistance mechanisms of TMZ and the current advances to improve its clinical use.
Recent Achievement in the Synthesis of Benzo[b]furans
Authors: Duc Dau Xuan
Published: June 2020

Background:

Benzo[b]furan derivatives are oxygen-containing heterocyclic compounds consisting of fused benzene and furan rings and are present in a large number of natural and non-natural compounds. This class of compounds has a wide spectrum of biological activities, such as antiarrhythmic, anticancer, inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and antiviral. Furthermore, benzo[b]furan derivatives have also been applied in various areas, such as organic electroluminescence device materials and organic dyes, photosensitizing material, organic synthesis as building blocks or intermediates.

:

Because of a broad range of applicability, the synthesis of benzo[b]furan derivative has drawn great attention of chemists and many studies on the synthesis of this class of compounds have been reported recently. This review will give an overview of benzo[b]furan preparation based on studies dating back to the year 2012.

Objective:

In this review, recent development in the synthesis of benzo[b]furans are discussed. There has been increasingly new methodologies for the construction of benzo[b]furans skeleton to improve efficiency or develop environmentally friendly procedures. In some studies, reaction mechanisms were also outlined.

Conclusion:

Many methods for the synthesis of benzo[b]furans have been reported recently. Most of them involve cyclization or cycloisomerization processes. Unquestionably, more imaginative strategies for the construction of benzo[b]furan skeleton will be established in the near future. Application of known methods to natural products or drug synthesis, on industrial scale for the synthesis of economically or medicinally important benzo[ b]furans will probably be paid attention to.
Pharmacological Effects of Secondary Bile Acid Microparticles in Diabetic Murine Model
Authors: Mooranian Armin , Zamani Nassim , Kovacevic Bozica , Ionescu Corina Mihaela , Luna Giuseppe , Mikov Momir , Goločorbin-Kon Svetlana , Stojanovic Goran , Kojic Sanja , Al-Salami Hani
Published: June 2020

Aim:

Examine bile acids effects in Type 2 diabetes.

Background:

In recent studies, the bile acid ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) has shown potent anti-inflammatory effects in
obese patients while in type 2 diabetics (T2D) levels of the pro-inflammatory bile acid lithocholic acid were increased,
and levels of the anti-inflammatory bile acid chenodeoxycholic acid were decreased, in plasma.

Objective:

Hence, this study aimed to examine applications of novel UDCA nanoparticles in diabetes.

Methods:

Diabetic balb/c adult mice were divided into three equal groups and gavaged daily with either empty microcapsules, free UDCA, or microencapsulated UDCA over two weeks. Their blood, tissues, urine, and faeces were collected for
blood glucose, inflammation, and bile acid analyses.
UDCA resulted in modulatory effects on bile acids profile without antidiabetic effects suggesting that bile acid modulation was not directly linked to diabetes treatment.

Results:

UDCA resulted in modulatory effects on bile acids profile without antidiabetic effects suggesting that bile acid
modulation was not directly linked to diabetes treatment.

Conclusion:

Bile acids modulated the bile profile without affecting blood glucose levels.
Ld/Mm+ Simulation of Some Aristolochic and Humic Acids Species Coupled
in Periodic Box with Water
Authors: Petrescu Alina-Maria , Putz Mihai Viorel , Ifrim Feng Chen , Ilia Gheorghe , Paunescu Virgil
Published: June 2020

Background:

This study is one of the dynamics molecular docking that presents the interactions
between a molecular model of the mixture of humic acid structure and 18 aristolochic acids structures, from
PubChem database in a water box that simulates the environment reactions.

Objective:

The major objective was to identify what happens in this procedure(LD/MM+) with the coupled
species.

Method:

LD/MM+ SIMULATION ( Langevin dynamics simulation)

Results:

The R-Squared statistic indicates that the model as fitted by MLR , explains 90.9437% of the variability in Volume.

Conclusion:

The interactions of these acids, the types of forces, and the way that these molecules can get
closer to each other, in terms of total energy density, while identifying the specificities vis-à-vis of wateraromaticity or water-reactivity behaviors.
Hydrogel as a Novel Drug Delivery System: Recent Advancements and Patents
Authors: Singh Ruchi , Goel Surya , Sharma Pankaj Kumar , Agarwal Abhinav
Published: June 2020

Background:

A semisolid gel-like preparation constitutes with the cross-linked polymers,
which may easily swell in the presence of water and incorporate the amount of drug substance
known as ‘Hydrogel.’

Objective:

To prepare the review on the hydrogels, leading ennoblements, classification, mechanism,
recent patents, and evaluation parameters.

Methods:

This review accrued by taking the help of online and offline journals, books, and other
sources. This field includes new developments in the field of inventions in the novel drug delivery of
hydrogels.

Results:

The impact of the formulation of hydrogels is attracting the focus of the researchers expeditiously
because of their nature, three-dimensional structure, compatibility with the other excipients
was found enormously useful in the biomedical applications and pharmaceutical industries, less time
consuming, better sustained and prolonged the effect. Currently, hydrogels are growing expeditiously
for the intensive work done by the use of natural, synthetic, and semi-synthetic polymers for the
transformation of hydrophobic and hydrophilic drugs into hydrogels as compared to develop the
conventional gels.

Conclusion:

The journey of hydrogel goes through with the numerous inventions research papers,
reports, publications, and many other sources. The development arouses with the hydrogels in the use
of wound dressing, making diapers, contact lens, etc. Nowadays, it is pivotally growing in the field
of tissue engineering scaffolds, preparation of hydrophobic drugs into hydrogels, which is a critical
challenge in prompt conditions.
Electrical Conductivity and Wettability of Nanofluids Prepared by Nanocomposite of MWCNTs and Dialkyl Pentasulfide
Authors: Wang Yong , Guan Jiju , Wang Jia , Feng Bohua , Xu Xuefeng
Published: June 2020

Background:

Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were filled with dialkyl pentasulfide
(DPS) to prepare MWCNTs-DPS composite (nanocomposite) additives for use in nanofluid-
based machining.

Methods:

The nanocomposite was prepared by employing a liquid phase wet chemistry method, and
was then added in pure water with a surfactant to form the nanofluids. The present study comprehensively
reveals the effects of additive concentration, acid treatment time, testing temperature and electrowetting
conditions on the electrical conductivity and wettability of nanofluids.

Results:

The nanocomposite was successfully produced with a maximum filling rate of 27.4%. Its
additives displayed an optimal performance at a concentration of about 0.1%. Consequently, the
electrical conductivity and wettability of the nanofluids were increased by over 13.7% and 6.35%,
respectively in comparison with individual MWCNTs additives. Under the electro-wettability conditions,
the wetting performance of the nanofluids produced by the nanocomposite increased with the
increase in charging voltage. Moreover, due to higher conductivity and greater charge capacity, the
nanofluids with a higher additive concentration displayed better wetting performance.

Conclusion:

The modification and filling enhanced properties such as the surface activity, electrical
conductivity and capacitance of the MWCNTs, thereby improving the performance.
Detection of Hepatitis B Virus-associated Hepatocellular Carcinoma Disease Using Hybrid Hierarchical k-Means Clustering and SVM Algorithm
Authors: Muflikhah Lailil , Widodo Nashi , Mahmudy Wayan Firdaus , Solimun
Published: June 2020

Background:

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a serious disease and is the third main
cause of death in the world. Hepatitis B virus infection can lead to HCC. The virus introduces
genetic material into the host, damages DNA, and interferes with the activity of the apoptotic and
tumor suppressors to trigger the formation of an oncogene. However, most of these cases are
discovered after cancer enters stage three or four.

Objective:

Early detection of HCC through machine learning algorithm approach using data set:
DNA sequence of HBx HepB virus.

Methods:

The research method used is the development of a Support Vector Machine classifier
algorithm for carcinoma detection. The large data volume and unbalance data distribution in class
can decrease the accuracy rate and sensitivity. Therefore, this paper proposed a hybrid of
Hierarchical k-Means clustering and SVM algorithms to detect HCC disease using HBx DNA
sequences. In this method, the SVM algorithm was applied in each cluster using the Hierarchical k-
Means method.

Results:

The experimental result showed an accuracy rate of 97.18%, a sensitivity of 98.9%, and
AUC of 0.918. This means the performance was increased to 9.52%, 95.3%, and 0.4 above the
conventional SVM method.

Conclusion:

Detection of HCC can be applied using the SVM algorithm based on clustering. The
proposed method, by hybrid hierarchical k-Means and SVM, increased the performance of
classification results for the detection.
Morphological and Physical Characteristic of Stone Mastic Asphalt Mixture Incorporating Nano Silica
Authors: Masri Khairil A. , Jaya Ramadhansyah Putra , Arshad Ahmad K. , Mahmud Mohd Zul H.
Published: June 2020

Introduction:

Asphalt binder plays an important role in contributing to the good performance of asphalt mixture. However, the interlocking structure of asphalt binder is delicate and sensitive due to surrounding temperature and moisture.

Methods:

Previously, asphalt binder usually modified with polymer modifier. But, this type of modifier has low temperature susceptibility. To overcome this, nanomaterial is introduced to enhance the performance of virgin asphalt binder. Among the crucial evaluation of nano-modification is to evaluate its microstructural changes through morphological property evaluation. The addition of nanomaterial then will significantly improve the inner structure of asphalt binder and reduce the effect of those problems.

Aim:

Thus, the aim of this study was to assess the morphological properties of nanosilica modified asphalt binder to determine the inner structured properties of modified specimen.

Results:

Among the morphological tests conducted for asphalt binder in this study were Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Atomic Force Microscope (AFM). From SEM image analysis and XRD evaluation, the existence of Nanosilica (NS) inside the asphalt binder was well dispersed and from these two tests, the existence of NS inside asphalt binder was verified. From AFM results, most of NS-MB images before and after ageing conditions displayed the typical bee structure (Catana Phase).

Conclusion:

It was also concluded that the addition of NS in asphalt binder improved its surface stiffness. The overall surface stiffness of the asphalt binder after aging was increased and the surface became more solid.
State of the Art Contemporary Prefabricated Fiber-Reinforced Posts
Authors: Elsubeihi Emad S. , Aljafarawi Tareq , Elsubeihi Heba E.
Published: June 2020

Background:

There is an increased interest in investigating and use of prefabricated fiber-reinforced posts by scientists and clinicians in the restoration of endodontically treated teeth.

Objective:

The objective of this narrative review was to summarize the composition of contemporary prefabricated fiber-reinforced posts and elucidate its effect on the different properties of these posts.

Methods:

PubMed/Medline, Scopus, and Google Scholar were searched from January 1990 to December 2019 for English Language articles describing the composition and properties of prefabricated fiber-reinforced posts. First, the search strategy was established for Medline / PubMed using the following terms ((Fiber post[All Fields] OR (fiber reinforced post[All Fields] AND composition[All Fields] AND (“matrix”[MeSH Terms] OR (“fiber”[All Fields] AND “properties”[All Fields] AND “epoxy”[All Fields]) OR “dimethacrylate”[All Fields]) AND NOT (CAD CAM[All Fields])). The search strategy was then adapted for Scopus and Google Scholar databases to identify eligible studies.

Results:

The current state of the art of prefabricated fiber-reinforced posts revealed a myriad of products with different formulations which are reflected on the mechanical and handling characteristics of the different posts available in the market. More recent research and development efforts attempted to address issues related to the improved transmission of polymerization light through the post to the most apical end of the restoration inside the root canal. Others focused on the development of new matrix materials for fiber-reinforced posts.

Conclusion:

A review of the literature revealed that currently available prefabricated fiber-reinforced posts consist of a heterogeneous group of materials which can have a significant effect on the behavior of posts. Understanding different formulations will help clinicians in scrutinizing the vast literature available on prefabricated fiber-reinforced posts. This, in turn, will help them make an informed decision when selecting materials for the restoration of endodontically treated teeth.
Inflammation Biomarkers in Psychiatry
Authors: Evrensel Alper , Tarhan Nevzat
Published: June 2020

Introduction:

There has long been a need for diagnostic, theragnostic, and prognostic
biomarkers for psychiatric disorders. Biomarkers help in reducing ambiguity and arbitrariness and
increase objectivity. In this context, many candidates for hormonal, immunological, serological, and
neuroimaging markers have been proposed, but none of these marker candidates alone nor a biomarker
panel has been approved for any disease. The fact that almost all psychiatric disorders are
heterogeneous makes this process challenging. However, strong biomarker candidates have been
identified, especially in light of the large number of clinical and preclinical studies conducted within
the last five years.

Objective:

The aim of this article was to compile and discuss the current information on immune
biomarkers in major psychiatric disorders, such as schizophrenia, depression, bipolar disorder, and
anxiety disorders.

Methods:

In this study, respected scientific databases were searched using key terms related to the
subject, and the related literature was examined in detail.

Results:

There are many relationships between psychiatric disorders and immune system parameters.
Evidence also suggests that neuroinflammation is involved in the etiopathogenesis of psychiatric
disorders. Markers, such as proinflammatory cytokines, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and C-reactive
protein have been associated with psychiatric disorders in numerous studies.

Conclusions:

The neuroinflammation hypothesis has an important place in the etiopathogenesis of
psychiatric disorders. Uncertainty remains as to whether neuroinflammation is a cause or consequence
of psychiatric disorders. Some researchers have indicated that intestinal microbiota composition
disorders and dysbiosis are sources of neuroinflammation. Immune marker studies are of
great importance in terms of eliminating this uncertainty and overcoming diagnostic and treatment
difficulties in the clinic. In this review, biomarker studies on psychiatric disorders were examined
from the viewpoint of the immune system and discussed in light of the current studies.
Time Series Features Extraction and Forecast from Multi-feature Stocks with Hybrid Deep Neural Networks
Authors: Xu Ye , Yuan Xun
Published: June 2020

Background:

Forecasting of time series stock data is important in financial related works. Stock data usually have multifeatures such as opening price, closing price and so on. The traditional forecast methods, however, is mainly applied to
one feature – closing price, or a few, like four or five features. The massive information hidden in the multi-feature data is
not thoroughly discovered and used.

Objective:

Find a method to make used of all information of multi-features and get a forecast model.

Method:

LSTM based models are introduced in this paper. For comparison, three models are used and they are single
LSTM model, hybrid model of LSTM-CNN, and traditional ARIMA model.

Results:

Experiments with different models are performed on stock data with 50 and 230 features, respectively. Results
show that MSE of single LSTM model is 2.4% lower than ARIMA model and MSE of LSTM-CNN model is 12.57%
lower than that of single LSTM model on 50 features data. On 230 features data, LSTM-CNN model is found to be improved by 23.41% in forecast accuracy.

Conclusion:

In this paper, we use three different models – ARIMA, single LSTM and LSTM-CNN hybrid model – to
forecast rise and fall of multi-features stock data. It’s found that single LSTM model is better than traditional ARIMA
model on the average, and LSTM-CNN hybrid model is better than single LSTM model on 50-feature stock data. What’s
more, we use LSTM-CNN model to perform experiments on stock data with 50 and 230 features, respectively. And is
found that results of the same model on 230 features data is better than that on 50 features data. It’s proved in our work
that the LSTM-CNN hybrid model is better than other models and experiments on stock data with more features could result in better outcomes. We’ll do more works on hybrid models next.
A Roadmap of Cancer: From the Historical Evidence to Recent Salivary Metabolites-based Nanobiosensor Diagnostic Devices
Authors: Durgalakshmi D. , Rishvanth R. , Mohanraj J. , Aruna P. , Ganesan S.
Published: June 2020

The etymology of the term cancer for a dysregulated balance of cell proliferation and cell death may be of the recent centenary. But the occurrence of cancer was reported at various periods in the history. Even though research towards a cure for cancer has received higher interest in various scientific domains due to its need for mankind, appropriate therapy for the complete cure of cancer is yet to be resolved by the research community. On this note, this review emphasizes on the brief overview of the historical beliefs on cancer occurrence, scientific mythology, and also discusses the recent scientific advancement in the diagnosis of cancer. The nanotechnological approaches for the diagnosis of cancer in ex-vivo conditions by means of the point of care devices are highly needed in recent years. This is for the reason that they have a high sensitivity to the biochemical interaction of the metabolites, low cost, and could be used for mass screening of the wide rural public, where the advanced imaging modalities are out of reach. Herein, we emphasize the importance of saliva as a mirror to the body’s health and using nanotechnology-based biosensors, various types of cancer could be diagnosed from salivary metabolites.
Molecular Docking Using Chimera and Autodock Vina Software for Nonbioinformaticians
Authors: Butt Sania Safdar , Badshah Yasmin , Shabbir Maria , Rafiq Mehak
Published: June 2020

In the field of drug discovery, many methods of molecular modeling have been employed to study complex biological and chemical systems. Experimental strategies are integrated with computational approaches for the identification, characterization, and development of novel drugs and compounds. In modern drug designing, molecular docking is an approach that explores the confirmation of a ligand within the binding site of a macromolecule. To date, many software and tools for docking have been employed. AutoDock Vina (in UCSF [University of California, San Francisco] Chimera) is one of the computationally fastest and most accurate software employed in docking. In this paper, a sequential demonstration of molecular docking of the ligand fisetin with the target protein Akt has been provided, using AutoDock Vina in UCSF Chimera 1.12. The first step involves target protein ID retrieval from the protein database, the second step involves visualization of the protein structure in UCSF Chimera, the third step involves preparation of the target protein for docking, the fourth step involves preparation of the ligand for docking, the fifth step involves docking of the ligand and the target protein as Mol.2 files in Chimera by using AutoDock Vina, and the final step involves interpretation and analysis of the docking results. By following the guidelines and steps outlined in this paper, researchers with no previous background in bioinformatics research can perform computational docking in an easier and more user-friendly manner.
Stratification of Individual Symptoms of Contact Lens–Associated Dry Eye Using the iPhone App DryEyeRhythm: Crowdsourced Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Inomata Takenori , Nakamura Masahiro , Iwagami Masao , Midorikawa-Inomata Akie , Sung Jaemyoung , Fujimoto Keiichi , Okumura Yuichi , Eguchi Atsuko , Iwata Nanami , Miura Maria , Fujio Kenta , Nagino Ken , Hori Satoshi , Tsubota Kazuo , Dana Reza , Murakami Akira
Published: June 2020

Background

Discontinuation of contact lens use is mainly caused by contact lens–associated dry eye. It is crucial to delineate contact lens–associated dry eye's multifaceted nature to tailor treatment to each patient’s individual needs for future personalized medicine.

Objective

This paper aims to quantify and stratify individual subjective symptoms of contact lens–associated dry eye and clarify its risk factors for future personalized medicine using the smartphone app DryEyeRhythm (Juntendo University).

Methods

This cross-sectional study included iPhone (Apple Inc) users in Japan who downloaded DryEyeRhythm. DryEyeRhythm was used to collect medical big data related to contact lens–associated dry eye between November 2016 and January 2018. The main outcome measure was the incidence of contact lens–associated dry eye. Univariate and multivariate adjusted odds ratios of risk factors for contact lens–associated dry eye were determined by logistic regression analyses. The t-distributed Stochastic Neighbor Embedding algorithm was used to depict the stratification of subjective symptoms of contact lens–associated dry eye.

Results

The records of 4454 individuals (median age 27.9 years, SD 12.6), including 2972 female participants (66.73%), who completed all surveys were included in this study. Among the included participants, 1844 (41.40%) were using contact lenses, and among those who used contact lenses, 1447 (78.47%) had contact lens–associated dry eye. Multivariate adjusted odds ratios of risk factors for contact lens–associated dry eye were as follows: younger age, 0.98 (95% CI 0.96-0.99); female sex, 1.53 (95% CI 1.05-2.24); hay fever, 1.38 (95% CI 1.10-1.74); mental illness other than depression or schizophrenia, 2.51 (95% CI 1.13-5.57); past diagnosis of dry eye, 2.21 (95% CI 1.63-2.99); extended screen exposure time >8 hours, 1.61 (95% CI 1.13-2.28); and smoking, 2.07 (95% CI 1.49-2.88). The t-distributed Stochastic Neighbor Embedding analysis visualized and stratified 14 groups based on the subjective symptoms of contact lens–associated dry eye.

Conclusions

This study identified and stratified individuals with contact lens–associated dry eye and its risk factors. Data on subjective symptoms of contact lens–associated dry eye could be used for prospective prevention of contact lens–associated dry eye progression.
The Adaptive Behavioral Components (ABC) Model for Planning Longitudinal Behavioral Technology-Based Health Interventions: A Theoretical Framework (Preprint)
Authors: Young Sean D
Published: June 2020

UNSTRUCTURED

A growing number of interventions incorporate digital and social technologies (eg, social media, mobile phone apps, and wearable devices) into their design for behavior change. However, because of a number of factors, including changing trends in the use of technology over time, results on the efficacy of these interventions have been mixed. An updated framework is needed to help researchers better plan behavioral technology interventions by anticipating the needed resources and potential changes in trends that may affect interventions over time. Focusing on the domain of health interventions as a use case, we present the Adaptive Behavioral Components (ABC) model for technology-based behavioral interventions. ABC is composed of five components: basic behavior change; intervention, or problem-focused characteristics; population, social, and behavioral characteristics; individual-level and personality characteristics; and technology characteristics. ABC was designed with the goals of (1) guiding high-level development for digital technology–based interventions; (2) helping interventionists consider, plan for, and adapt to potential barriers that may arise during longitudinal interventions; and (3) providing a framework to potentially help increase the consistency of findings among digital technology intervention studies. We describe the planning of an HIV prevention intervention as a case study for how to implement ABC into intervention design. Using the ABC model to plan future interventions might help to improve the design of and adherence to longitudinal behavior change intervention protocols; allow these interventions to adapt, anticipate, and prepare for changes that may arise over time; and help to potentially improve intervention behavior change outcomes. Additional research is needed on the influence of each of ABC’s components to help improve intervention design and implementation.