bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact Assessment of Changes in the Age and Educational Structure of the Population in the Russian Labor Market
Authors: Varshavskaya E. Ya.
Published: July 2020

The objective of this study is to assess the contribution of changes in the age and educational structure of the population and labor force to the dynamics of the levels of employment and unemployment in Russia in the last two decades. The empirical basis of the study is the microdata of the Labor Force Survey conducted by Rosstat monthly. Standardization and decomposition of statistical indicators are used as methods of analysis.

The author cites evidence that during the period under review the composition of the population and labor force has undergone signiﬁcant structural changes. The proportion of people with higher education, which are characterized by higher employment rates and lower unemployment rates has steadily increased. The share of young people and the poorly educated population, which are characterized by low participation in employment and high risks of unemployment, was declining.

Thedynamicsofemploymentandunemploymentratesin2000-2018werelargelydeterminedbytheinﬂuenceofstructuralfactorsfavorable (in terms of the impact on the labor market) shifts in the age and educational structure of the Russian population and labor force.

Structural factorshad a greater impact on the positive dynamics of employment. Over the period in question, the growth in the level of education contributed to more than half of the increase in the employment rate. Changes in the age structure put downward pressure on the level of employment, but the contribution of this factor was insigniﬁcant. Structural factors contributed about a third of the overall decline in the unemployment rate. The contribution of changes in age and educational structure was almost the same in magnitude.

The estimates provide a more accurate idea of the real situation on the Russian labor market and the reasons underlying the dynamics of its indicators. Quantitative characteristics, reﬂecting changes in the age and educational structure of the population, allow, according to the author, to improve the quality of the developed functional labor market forecasts.
Probabilistic Mixtures in Measurements of Interterritorial Differentiation
Authors: Glinskiy V. V. , Ismaiylova Yu. N.
Published: July 2020

The article summarizes research results of the study on the problem of assessing the differentiation level of socio-economic development of territorial units of the Russian Federation. The authors propose an approach to measuring differentiation using mixtures of probability distributions.

This technique was developed and tested on real data that allows one to determine the presence or absence of interregional differentiation. The research hypothesis, that interterritorial differentiation is estimated by a speciﬁc statistical indicator selected based on a content, qualitative analysis, served as a theoretical platform of this methodology. Differentiation is practically absent if the entire statistical population is described by a single law of probability distribution. If the statistical population is described by a mixture of probability distributions, then one should expect the presence of a signiﬁcant level of differentiation by the considered indicator.

In mathematical statistics, the problem of separating a mixture of probability distributions (estimating parameters of distribution densities and weighting coefficients) is traditionally solved using several similar methods. For example, the expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm, median modiﬁcations of the EM-algorithm, SEM-algorithm, taking into account the speciﬁcs of the selected object (constituent entities of the Russian Federation a small sample). To solve this problem, the authors used the SEM algorithm. As the information base of the empirical study, official statistics were used (open data from the Federal State Statistics Service).

The typologies of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation were identiﬁed based on two characteristics within 2005-2017-time interval. The ﬁrst one being the level of violence (using the “homicide rate” indicator the number of homicides and attempted murders per 100000 population). And second average per capita income, which made it possible, among other things, to additionally test the hypothesis of the traditional use of differentiation trends in the level of violence as an indicator of economic inequality. According to the authors, the results of this study can be used as instrumental and informational support for managerial decisions aimed at regulating the differentiation of Russian regions by the level of violence and economic inequality.
To the Problem of Constructing Analytical Indexes of Market Demand: A Variative Approach
Authors: Gorbunov V. K. , Kozlova L. A. , Lvov A. G.
Published: July 2020

The article develops methods for constructing economic (analytical) indexes in the framework of the holistic theory of market demand, built in recent years. By this, the economic indexes presented in the world literature within the framework of the theory of individual demand and, accordingly, related to households, acquire practical value.

The introduction provides a brief overview of the main problems of modern indexology and the implementation of an economic approach dating back to the classical work of 1924 by the Soviet statistician A.A. Konüs. The properties of the most well-known «formula» indexes of Laspeyres, Paasche, and Fischer with respect to the fulﬁllment of the Fisher test criteria are described. These indexes play an important role in the methods proposed by the authors for constructing analytical indexes, which are determined through the function of consumer expenditures. The latter is determined by a utility function that rationalizes trade statistics. The rationalizing utility function is constructed ambiguously, and the corresponding task should be speciﬁed. Methods for its solution are proposed, developed within a non-parametric demand analysis of Afriat-Varian. The core of this analysis is the system of linear Afriat’s inequalities that determine the values of the utility function and marginal utility corresponding to statistical demand. This system can be inconsistent and unstable with respect to variations of non-exact demand statistics. In the case of compatibility, inequalities have many solutions, and the choice of different solutions of inequalities gives different values of analytical indexes. The authors suggest three types of tasks for the stable solution of Afriat’s inequalities, which deﬁne indexes with characteristics of optimism (low price indexes and high quantity indexes), pessimism (vice versa) and objectivity.

Therefore, the problem of increasing the objectivity of consumer demand indexes receives a theoretically justiﬁed toolbox methods for calculating analytical market demand indexes that take into account, in contrast to formula indices, consumer preferences.
THE ANALYSIS OF SOCIAL ASSISTANCE INFLUENCE TO EDUCATION PARTICIPATION IN THE PROGRAM FAMILY HOPE POST-EARTHQUAKE
Authors: Norman Moh Nofri , Sakaria Sakaria , Mengge Buchari
Published: July 2020

Inequality in inhabitants is one of the negative impacts of uneven development that causes poverty. In 2007, the Indonesian government has been striving to accelerate poverty reduction through the Family Hope Program (PKH) with the Conditional Direct Cash Assistance (BLTB) scheme, known internationally as the Cash Conditional Transfer (CCT). All this time, various studies have assessed that the program has succeeded in encouraging the participation of beneficiary families in achieving welfare in Indonesia. However the facts showed that there is an poverty increase  in the city of Mataram after earthquake, even though the family hope program runs normally. Therefore, this research was conducted to see the strength of the  social assistance influence on one indicator of welfare, education participation after the earthquake. The survey method was used to obtain information on the distribution of 122 KPM PKH respondents in Bertais village, where the location was severely affected. The results showed that the significance of the influence on cash assistance on the level of education participation was 0.775 or 77.5%. Meanwhile, the significance effect  of assistance services on the level of education participation was 0.687 or 68.7%. There is a positive influence on the variable of social assistance (dependent) on educational participation and childcare (independent). Thus it can be concluded that the earthquake did not disturb the PKH cycle so much that it did not become one of the factors causing the increase in poverty in the City of Mataram.
PERSPEKTIF MAHASISWA PGSD TERHADAP MATAKULIAH ADAT MELAYU DALAM MELESTARIKAN BUDAYA MELAYU JAMBI
Authors: Destrinelli Destrinelli , Alirmansyah Alirmansyah , Handayani Kiki , Darmawan Aldo , Hajar Khaini , Dewangga Fadjar , Unai Dina Hermina
Published: July 2020

This research was conducted to describe the perspective of PGSD students towards Malay traditional subjects in preserving the Malay Malay culture of Jambi. This research was conducted in October to December 2019. This research was a descriptive qualitative study. The subjects in this study were PGSD University of Jambi students, data collection in this study using observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of a study of PGSD Jambi University students showed that in the Jambi Malay customary course, students fully supported the Malay customary course program in preserving the Malay culture in Jambi. But there are still many shortcomings in preserving this matter, namely from the lack of facilities and infrastructures that are still inadequate and also the schedule of other solid courses so as to give a time limit for students in preserving Jambi culture.
THE REALITY OF AMERICAN NATION SLAVERY IN THE NOVEL INCIDENTS IN THE LIFE OF A SLAVE GIRL BY HARRIET ANN JACOBS
Authors: Abbas Abbas
Published: July 2020

This article discusses the social facts experienced by Americans in literature, especially novel. Literary work as a social documentation imagined by the author is a reflection of the values of a nation or ethnicity. The main objective of research is to trace the reality of slavery that occurred in America as a social fact in literary works. This research is useful in strengthening the sociological aspects of literary works as well as proving that literary works save a social reality at the time so that readers are able to judge literary works not merely as fiction, but also as social documentation. The writer in this study uses one of the literary research methods, namely Genetic Structuralism Approach. This method emphasizes three main aspects, namely literary work, the background of the author's life, and social reality. Novel Incidents In The Life Of A Slave Girl written by Harriet Ann Jacobs in 1858 was used as primary research data, then a number of references about the author's social background and the reality of slavery in the history of the American nation became secondary data. Primary and secondary research data obtained through literature study. Based on the results of this study found the events of slavery in the history of the American nation. Slavery was the act of white Americans forcibly employing black Negroes on the lands of plantation and agricultural also mining areas. Slavery is a valuable lesson for Americans in protecting human rights today as well as a historic lesson in building the American national spirit, namely freedom, independence, and democracy. The reality of slavery is reflected in the novel Incidents In The Life Of A Slave Girl as well as the life experience of its author, Harriet Ann Jacobs.
Supply and Distribution of Vascular Access Physicians in the United States: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Lee Shoou-Yih D. , Xiang Jie , Kshirsagar Abhijit V. , Steffick Diane , Saran Rajiv , Wang Virginia
Published: July 2020

Background

Because functioning permanent vascular access (arteriovenous fistula [AVF] or arteriovenous graft [AVG]) is crucial for optimizing patient outcomes for those on hemodialysis, the supply of physicians placing vascular access is key. We investigated whether area-level demographic and healthcare market attributes were associated with the distribution and supply of AVF/AVG access physicians in the United States.

Methods

A nationwide registry of physicians placing AVFs/AVGs in 2015 was created using data from the United States Renal Data System and the American Physician Association’s Physician Masterfile. We linked the registry information to the Area Health Resource File to assess the supply of AVF/AVG access physicians and their professional attributes by hospital referral region (HRR). Bivariate analysis and Poisson regression were performed to examine the relationship between AVF/AVG access physician supply and demographic, socioeconomic, and health resource conditions of HRRs. The setting included all 50 states. The main outcome was supply of AVF/AVG access physicians, defined as the number of physicians performing AVF and/or AVG placement per 1000 prevalent patients with ESKD.

Results

The majority of vascular access physicians were aged 45–64 (average age, 51.6), male (91%), trained in the United States (76%), and registered in a surgical specialty (74%). The supply of physicians varied substantially across HRRs. The supply was higher in HRRs with a higher percentage white population (β=0.44; SEM=0.14; P=0.002), lower unemployment rates (β=−10.74; SEM=3.41; P=0.002), and greater supply of primary care physicians (β=0.18; SEM=0.05; P=0.001) and nephrologists (β=15.89; SEM=1.22; P<0.001).

Conclusions

Geographic variation was observed in the supply of vascular access physicians. Higher supply of such specialist physicians in socially and economically advantaged areas may explain disparities in vascular access and outcomes in the United States and should be the subject of further study and improvement.
Development Time and Patent Extension for Prescription Drugs in Canada: A Cohort Study
Authors: Lexchin Joel
Published: July 2020

The Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement between Canada and the European Union provides for an extension of Canadian patents for prescription drugs by up to 2 years. One of the arguments advanced for longer patent time is to compensate companies for the length of the overall drug development time (the time between patent application and market approval). This study investigates overall development time in Canada for different groups of drugs approved between January 1, 2009 and December 31, 2018 and how many of these drugs are eligible for up to 2 years of patent term extension. Based on a list of patents and dates of market approval, the change in overall development time for all drugs was calculated along with whether there were differences in development time between different groups of drugs. Using Canadian patent filing dates, overall development time for all drugs went from a mean of 2240 days (95% CI: 1832, 2648) in 2009 to 4197 days (95% CI: 3728, 4665) in 2018 (analysis of variance [ANOVA], P<.0001). Using first global patent filing dates, overall development time went from a mean of 4481 days (95% CI: 3053, 5908) in 2009 to 6298 days (95% CI: 4839, 7756) in 2018 (ANOVA, P=.0118). There was a statistically significant difference in the overall development mean time between small molecule drugs (3553, 95% CI: 3361, 3746) and biologics (3903, 95% CI: 3595, 4212), (t test, P=.0487) when using Canadian patent filing dates but not when first global patent filing dates were used. There was no statistically significant change in overall development time among drugs that were substantial, moderate or little to none additional therapeutic value compared to existing drugs. Out of 238 drugs, 218 (91.6%) would have been eligible for patent term extension with 195 (80.7%) eligible for the full 2 years. Patent term extension does not appear to be justified based on changes in overall development time, except possibly in the case of biologics. There are also trade offs in terms of increased expenditures that need to be considered if patent terms are lengthened.
HTA Agencies Need Evidence-Informed Deliberative Processes Comment on "Use of Evidence-Informed Deliberative Processes by Health Technology Assessment Agencies Around the Globe"
Authors: Schlander Michael
Published: July 2020

There are at least two reasons why health technology assessment (HTA) agencies need to seek process-based solutions to support the legitimacy of healthcare resource allocation, ie, (i) in pluralistic societies, the existence of often conflicting and incommensurable claims (ie, the "fragmentation of value") and the lack of a broadly accepted, ethically defensible analytical framework, and (ii) the well-documented loopholes of the conventional logic of cost-effectiveness (CE) with its reductionist concept of allocative efficiency, which fails to reflect the distributive dimension of resource allocation decisions in collectively financed health schemes.
Pay for Performance: A Reflection on How a Global Perspective Could Enhance Policy and Research
Authors: Anselmi Laura , Borghi Josephine , Brown Garrett Wallace , Fichera Eleonora , Hanson Kara , Kadungure Artwell , Kovacs Roxanne , Kristensen Søren Rud , Singh Neha S. , Sutton Matt
Published: July 2020

Pay-for-performance (P4P) is the provision of financial incentives to healthcare providers based on pre-specified performance targets. P4P has been used as a policy tool to improve healthcare provision globally. However, researchers tend to cluster into those working on high or low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), with still limited knowledge exchange, potentially constraining opportunities for learning from across income settings. We reflect here on some commonalities and differences in the design of P4P schemes, research questions, methods and data across income settings. We highlight how a global perspective on knowledge synthesis could lead to innovations and further knowledge advancement.
Gastric Cancer: Bibliometric Analysis of Epidemiological, Geographical and Socio-Economic Parameters of the Global Research Landscape
Authors: Klingelhöfer Doris , Braun Markus , Schöffel Norman , Brüggmann Dörthe , Groneberg David A.
Published: July 2020

Background: Although the incidence and mortality of gastric cancer (GC) decreased in the last years, some countries remain highly affected. Especially in high-income economies the cases of cardia types are steadily increasing. Currently, GC is ranked third as cause for cancer death worldwide, whereby two-thirds of deaths still occur in lowincome countries. But the global numbers are changing, and new regional challenges must be addressed. Methods: Therefore, this disease has been chosen for in-depth bibliometric analyses that combines the evaluation of publication meta-data with density equalizing visualization techniques. This study focuses on the chronological and geographical characteristics of GC research worldwide. Epidemiological and socio-economic parameters were analyzed and the influence of political framework conditions was examined. In addition, international collaborations and research priorities were evaluated. Results: In the last years, the publication numbers are rising more extensively in comparison to other cancer types. Albeit the usual leading positions, the United States is not the most publishing country on GC. It occupies the third position. Instead, China and Japan are the most publishing countries and together with South Korea also the key players as well as the most affected countries. These countries’ governments are also the main donors for GC-research. The number of articles and the expenditures for research and development (R&D) as well as the incidence rate are correlated. Despite the scarce contribution of low-economic countries to the publication output, international collaborations lead to a modest output in those regions. Conclusion: This study pools background information for scientists, practitioners, funders and decision-makers by providing information on the development and priorities of GC research. Adaptive international approaches and partnerships are crucial to meet future changing epidemiological features worldwide.
Decentralization and Regionalization: Redesigning Health Systems for High Quality Maternity Care Comment on "Decentralization and Regionalization of Surgical Care: A Review of Evidence for the Optimal Distribution of Surgical Services in Low- and Middle-Income Countries"
Authors: Roder-DeWan Sanam
Published: July 2020

The question of how to optimally design health systems in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) for high quality care and survival requires context-specific evidence on which level of the health system is best positioned to deliver services. Given documented poor quality of care for surgical conditions in LMICs, evidence to support intentional health system design is urgently needed. Iverson and colleagues address this very important question. This commentary explores their findings with particular attention to how they apply to maternity care. Though surgical maternity care is a common healthcare need, maternal complications are often unpredictable and require immediate surgical attention in order to avert serious morbidity or mortality. A discussion of decentralization for maternity services must grapple with this tension and differentiate between facilities that can provide emergency surgical care and those that can not.
Games People Play: Lessons on Performance Measure Gaming from New Zealand Comment on "Gaming New Zealand’s Emergency Department Target: How and Why Did It Vary Over Time and Between Organisations?"
Authors: Lines Lisa M.
Published: July 2020

For decades, observers have noted that gaming of performance measurement appears to be both endemic and endlessly creative. A recent study by Tenbensel and colleagues provides a detailed look at gaming of a health system performance measure—emergency department (ED) wait times—within four hospitals in New Zealand. Combined, these four hospitals handled more than 25% of the ED visits in the country each year. Tenbensel and colleagues examine whether the New Zealand ED wait time target was set appropriately and whether we can trust any performance measure statistics that are not independently verified or audited. Their thoughtprovoking examination is relevant to anyone working in quality improvement and provides a valuable set of tools for detecting gaming in performance measurement.
A Cross-sectional Analysis of Facebook Comments to Study Public Perception of the Mass Drug Administration Program in the Philippines
Authors: Labana Ryan V. , Nissapatorn Veeranoot , Cada Kristel Joy S. , Sandoval Khristine L.
Published: July 2020

Mass Drug Administration (MDA) of albendazole is being implemented in the Philippines to eliminate soil-transmitted helminthiasis (STH) among school-age children (SAC). The first round of MDA for the school year 2019-2020 was suspended in the province of Surigao del Norte due to a reported death of a student after deworming. It was broadcasted on a national television and the story was then posted on Facebook. We used structured and simple nature of social media research to study public perception of the MDA program after the controversial issue in the Philippines. The news story was assessed, and the Facebook comments were analyzed. A large portion of the Facebook comments expressed a declining trust of the Filipinos toward MDA. The negative impact could be attributed to the public-initiated discussion and sharing of comments with no solid evidence in Facebook. This study showed a possible threat to the successful implementation of the program if not properly managed. The Department of Health (DOH) should be able to cope with the developing landscape of public perception during the era of social media.
For-Profit Hospitals Out of Business? Financial Sustainability During the COVID-19 Epidemic Emergency Response
Authors: Kruse Florien Margareth , Jeurissen Patrick P.T.
Published: July 2020

This perspective argues that for-profit hospitals will be heavily affected by epidemic crises, including the current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak. Policy-makers should be aware that for-profit hospitals in particular are likely to face financial distress. The suspension of all non-urgent elective surgery and the relegation of market-based mechanisms that determines the allocation and compensation of care puts the financial state of these hospitals at serious risk. We identify three organisational factors that determine which hospitals might be most affected (ie, care-portfolio, size and whether it is private equity [PE]-owned). In addition, we analyse contextual factors that could explain the impact of financial distress among for-profit hospitals on the wider healthcare system.
Acceptability of a Prime Vendor System in Public Healthcare Facilities in Tanzania
Authors: Kuwawenaruwa August , Tediosi Fabrizio , Metta Emmy , Obrist Brigit , Wiedenmayer Karin , Msamba Vicky-Sidney , Wyss Kaspar
Published: July 2020

Background: Pharmaceutical supply chain management in low- and middle-income countries has received substantial attention to address the shortage of medicines at peripheral facilities. The focus has been on health system interventions, including the establishment of public-private partnerships (PPPs). In 2014, the United Republic of Tanzania began implementing the Jazia prime vendor system (Jazia PVS) with a contracted private wholesale supplier to complement the national medicines supply chain in public facilities. Few studies have investigated the acceptability of such a prime vendor system. This study analyses factors that contributed to the acceptability of Jazia PVS introduced in Tanzania. We used qualitative analytical methods to study experiences of Jazia PVS implementers in 4 districts in mid-2018. Methods: Data were drawn from 14 focus group discussions (FGDs), 7 group discussions (GDs) and 30 in-depth interviews (IDIs) with a range of actors involved in Jazia PVS. The study analysed 7 acceptability dimensions as defined in the acceptability framework by Sekhon et al. Framework analysis was adopted to summarise the results using a deductive and an inductive approach. Results: The findings show that participants’ acceptability of Jazia PVS was influenced by the increased availability of essential medicines at the facilities, higher order fulfilment rates, and timely delivery of the consignment. Furthermore, acceptability was also influenced by the good reputation of the prime vendor, close collaboration with district managers, and participants’ understanding that the prime vendor was meant to complement the existing supply chain. Intervention coherence, experienced opportunity cost and intervention burden, affective attitude and self-efficacy were also important in explaining the acceptability of the Jazia PVS. Conclusion: In conclusion, the most critical factor contributing to the acceptability of the Jazia PVS was the perceived effectiveness of the system in achieving its intended purpose. Districts purchasing directly from the prime vendor have a policy based on the possibility to increase availability of essential medicines at peripheral facilities in a low income setting; however, it is crucial to select a reputable and competent vendor, as well as to abide by the contractual agreements.
The Challenges of Putting Systems Thinking into Practice Comment on "What Can Policy-Makers Get Out of Systems Thinking? Policy Partners’ Experiences of a Systems-Focused Research Collaboration in Preventive Health"
Authors: Boswell John , Baird Janis , Taheem Ravita
Published: July 2020

In theory, ‘systems thinking’ offers a remarkably attractive solution to the persistent challenges of preventive public health. Haynes and colleagues’ recent analysis of the Prevention Centre in Australia offers reason for optimism that it might be possible to translate this promise into action on the ground. In this commentary, we critically assess the claims from this promising case study and their broader applicability to the cause of preventive health. We argue that, in many other contexts, persistent obstacles remain, such as a lack of buy-in from senior policy actors, and a lack of tangible or concrete action following through on an abstract commitment to systems thinking.
A Systematic Review of Tobacco Industry Tactics in Southeast Asia: Lessons for Other Low- And MiddleIncome Regions
Authors: Amul Gianna Gayle Herrera , Tan Grace Ping Ping , van der Eijk Yvette
Published: July 2020

Background: Transnational tobacco companies (TTCs) have a well-established presence in Southeast Asia and are now targeting other low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), especially Africa. While the tobacco industry’s tactics in Southeast Asia are well documented, no study has systematically reviewed these tactics to inform tobacco control policies and movements in Africa, where the tobacco epidemic is spreading. Methods: We conducted a systematic literature review of articles that describe tobacco industry tactics in Southeast Asia, which includes Singapore, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Myanmar, East Timor, Thailand, Cambodia, Vietnam, Laos, and Brunei. After screening 512 articles, we gathered and analysed data from 134 articles which met our final inclusion criteria. Results: Tobacco transnationals gained dominance in Southeast Asian markets by positioning themselves as good corporate citizens with corporate social responsibility (CSR) initiatives, promoting the industry as a pillar of, and partner for, economic growth. Tobacco transnationals also formed strategic sectoral alliances and reinforced their political ties to delay the implementation of regulations and lobby for weaker tobacco control. Where governments resisted the transnationals’ attempts to enter a market, they used litigation and deceptive tactics including smuggling to pressure governments to open markets, and tarnished the reputation of public health organizations. The tobacco industry undermined tobacco advertising, promotion and sponsorship (TAPS) regulations through a broad range of direct and indirect marketing tactics. Conclusion: The experience of Southeast Asia with tobacco transnationals show that, beyond highlighting the public health benefits, underscoring the economic benefits of tobacco control might be a more compelling argument for governments in LMICs to prioritise tobacco control. Given the tobacco industry’s widespread use of litigation, LMICs need more legal support and resources to counter industry litigations. LMICs should also prioritize measures to protect health policy from the vested interests of the tobacco industry, and to close regulatory loopholes in tobacco marketing restrictions.
A Study on CRM Practices of Telecom Sector with Special Reference to BSNL
Authors: Manjula Bai H
Published: July 2020

This paper is designed to study the CRM practices followed by BSNL. BSNL is seriously planning to come out of the bureaucratic mold and the organization structurally and operational to enhance customer relations and the largest subscribers base, technical strengths, and infrastructural assets. In this context, the philosophy and practices of CRM merit due consideration in the revival plan. The present study proposed to examine the CRM issues in case of BSNL. Typical elements that constitute customer satisfaction, value-added service, difficulties in tariffs, customer care, and timely response to customer complaints and to study the consumer opinion about tariff rates of SNL, Analyzing the awareness to BSNL subscribers about the facilities. Creating awareness of BSNL subscribers about the facilities in prepaid and postpaid connections. For the study, the researcher has selected 50 respondents who are aware of the SNL telecom industry. A descriptive research methodology is used to conduct the study. It includes surveys and fact-finding inquiries of a different kind. It focused on the problems or the benefits availed from BSNL. All levels of customers were surveyed by using a questionnaire, and the level of satisfaction or dissatisfaction from BSNL was studied. Finally, the detailed information about the benefits they had received was also considered... Finally, it attempts to offer suggestions to the customers to educate much more about CRM practices of BSNL.
Magnetic susceptibility, magnetization, magnetic moment and characterization of Carancas meteorite
Authors: Rosales Domingo , Vidal Erick
Published: July 2020

El 15 de septiembre del 2007, en la comunidad de Carancas (Puno, Perú) un meteo- rito rocoso formó un cráter de tipo explosivo con un diámetro promedio de 13.5m varias muestras de fragmentos de meteorito fueron coleccionados. El análisis petro- lógico realizado indica que corresponde a un meteorito del tipo condrito ordinario H 4-5. En el presente trabajo analizamos las propiedades magnéticas de un fragmento del meteorito con un magnetómetro de protones. 

Con la finalidad de tener una completa caracterización del meteorito de Caran- cas y su cráter, a partir de diversas publicaciones, artículos y reportes, realizamos una compilación de las más importantes características y propiedades de este me- teorito.
Construcción del Observatorio Geomagnético de Mérida, Venezuela
Authors: Camacho Edwin , Serra José , Muñiz María , Gandarilla José
Published: July 2020

Un nuevo observatorio geomagnético se ha construido en Mérida, Venezuela (8° 33’ N, 71° 19’ O, 1755m), siendo este observatorio el primero en nuestro país. El emplazamiento del observatorio se encuentra alejado de las perturbaciones pro- vocadas por el hombre (ruido cultural), del mismo modo, se cuenta con un área apropiada para su correcto funcionamiento; obteniéndose un gradiente horizontal y vertical menor a 1nT/m, esto es excelente para la operatividad del mismo. Toda la construcción se ha llevado a cabo bajo las recomendaciones de la Asociación Inter- nacional de Geomagnetismo y Aeronomía (IAGA, por sus siglas en inglés) mediante el libro de Jankowski y Sucksdorff (1996). El observatorio está conformado por tres casas o pabellones de madera y dos pilares externos libres de materiales magnéticos. Estas casas son construidas para albergar los equipos de medición denomina- dos “magnetómetros”, los cuales están constituidos por equipos de alta sensibilidad para las mediciones del campo geomagnético.
Handbook of Geomathematics. Freedem, W.; Zuhair Nashed y M. Sonar T. (eds.)
Authors: Caccavari Garza Ana
Published: July 2020

Durante las últimas tres décadas, las geociencias y la geoingeniería han sido in- fluenciadas por dos escenarios esenciales: primero, el progreso tecnológico ha cambiado completamente las técnicas de observación y de medición; modernas computadoras de alta velocidad y satélites basados en estas tecnologías que están siendo utilizados cada vez más en todas las geodisciplinas; segundo, hay un públi- co creciente interesado del futuro de nuestro planeta, su clima y su medio ambien- te. Las matemáticas concernientes a los problemas geofísicos, las geomatemáticas, tienen cada vez mayor importancia. Respondiendo a estos cambios, surge el Handbook of Geomathematics de los editores Willi Freeden, M. Zuhair Nashed y Thomas Sonar.
Mejora en la participación y retención de la práctica física y deportiva de los estudiantes, docentes y nodocentes de la Universidad Nacional de José C Paz
Authors: Lezcano Federico
Published: July 2020

Trabajo Final Integrador de la Maestría en Educación Física y Deporte / Departamento de Salud y Actividad Física, Universidad Nacional de Avellaneda.
Bat-bateko bertsolaritzaren funtsezko ezaugarriak: azterketa sinkroniko
bat
Authors: Matxain Iztueta Kepa
Published: July 2020

RESUMEN El objetivo de este artículo es identificar las características
fundamentales del bertsolarismo. Se trata de una disciplina calificada por
muchos autores como literatura popular, pero actualmente esa generalización
actúa como freno para quien quiera profundizar en su investigación. Los
esquemas derivados de la literatura escrita no bastan para abarcarlo en su
integridad, y para construir un marco teórico a su medida, en este artículo
se recurrirá a las aportaciones realizadas desde las teorías oralistas.
LABURPENA Artikulu honen helburua bat-bateko bertsolaritzaren funtsezko
ezaugarriak identifikatzea da. Autore askok herri-literaturatzat sailkatu
izan dute, baina egun orokortasun horrek mesede baino traba gehiago egiten
dio bertsolaritzaren ikerketan sakondu nahi duenari. Literatura idatzitik
datozen eskemak murriztaileak direnez, bere joko arauen neurrira egindako
jantzi teoriko bat osatzeko teoria oralistetara joko da artikulu ho-netan.
ABSTRACTThe main goal of this article is to identify the fundamental
characteristics of bertso-larism. Many authors have described it as popular
literature, but this generalization is an obstacle for those who want to go
deeper into their research. Schemes derived from written literature do not
provide enough guidelines to approach the issue, so in order to build an
adequate theoretical framework, this article will resort to contributions
made from the oralist theories.
mirada social sobre a História da Psicologia
Authors: Batista Rodolfo Luís Leite
Published: July 2020

Resenha de 

Portugal, F. T., Facchinetti, C. & Castro, A. C. (Org.s.). (2018). História social da psicologia. Rio de Janeiro: Nau.
Medindo o que não se conhece
Authors: Rota Júnior César , Cirino Sérgio Dias , Gutierrez Laurent
Published: July 2020

Os testes de inteligência desenvolvidos no início do XX tiveram papel decisivo no processo de reorganização da educação escolar brasileira. Em Belo Horizonte, à Escola de Aperfeiçoamento de Professores cabia a função de capacitar os professores para práticas modernas e científicas. O objetivo da presente pesquisa foi analisar os conceitos de inteligências que circularam em Minas Gerais nas décadas de 1920 e 1930, sob a influência do ensino dos testes aos alunos da Escola de Aperfeiçoamento. Como metodologia, partimos do conceito de recepção/circulação, que se refere ao processo de apropriação dos instrumentos, ideias e conceitos produzidos em outros locais. Como resultado, pudemos demonstrar que a utilização prática dos testes teve supremacia sobre o debate teórico sobre a noção de inteligência. Concluímos que a experiência da Escola de Aperfeiçoamento deu ênfase à utilização pragmática dos testes, em detrimento da discussão teórica sobre a inteligência.
Memórias autobiográficas e cartas de Claire Lange
Authors: Gonçalves Marcela Elias Santos , Massimi Marina
Published: July 2020

O objetivo desta pesquisa é o estudo da experiência de imigração descrita nas cartas e nas memórias de Claire Lange. Analisamos as vivências por ela narradas, considerando a função psicológica das cartas enquanto vínculo do imigrante com seu passado. Focamos a dinâmica psicológica e as vivências relatadas pela autora à luz do texto “O Estrangeiro” de  Alfred Schutz e à luz da fenomenologia de Edmund Husserl e de Edith Stein. Nos relatos de Claire foram encontradas vivências perceptivas, afetivas, de temporalidade e vivências espirituais de fé, concomitante às categorias de análise do texto de Schutz. No que diz respeito a estas categorias, evidenciamos três grupos de vivências: as primeiras vivências do estrangeiro como recém-chegado; a crise; os mecanismos de superação da crise. Conclui-se pela possibilidade de superação da crise através do compartilhamento de vivências com a alteridade presente nas relações sociais representadas pelos destinatários das cartas, e também na dimensão transcendente do divino.
Alguns usos da Psicologia no Exército Brasileiro de 1930 a 1960
Authors: Jacó-Vilela Ana Maria , Oliveira Dayse de Marie , Lins Thais Lohana , Anjos Maíra de Souza Cerqueira dos
Published: July 2020

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo compreender a presença da psicologia dentro do Exército Brasileiro nos anos de 1930 a 1960. Sua ênfase principal se situa na apresentação dos cursos de psicologia que eram ministrados no Exército nesse período. Para isso, utilizamos a metodologia histórica, privilegiando as fontes primárias encontradas em bibliotecas e arquivos especializados, principalmente do Exército. Nestas fontes, observou-se que a psicologia e steve presente em todo o período, de maneira variável. Inicialmente, encontramos referências à psicologia experimental. Depois, há um grande período cujo interesse se situa na psicotécnica. Finalmente, após a II Guerra Mundial, instaura-se a psicologia social, justificada, principalmente, pelo estudo da questão da liderança. Observa-se pois que a trajetória da psicologia no Exército acompanha sua história no Brasil.
Psicologia na FADAFI-FUCMT
Authors: Cara Bianca dos Santos , Miranda Rodrigo Lopes , Costa Marcio Luis
Published: July 2020

Esta pesquisa em História Social da Psicologia produz uma narrativa histórica sobre o curso de graduação em Psicologia das Faculdades Unidas Católicas de Mato Grosso (FUCMT). Ela assume que as memórias pessoais e documentais são construtos socioculturais e, assim, utiliza fontes textuais e orais para produzir tal narrativa. Os resultados apontaram que o curso atendeu a uma demanda de “modernização” da cidade de Campo Grande por meio do desenvolvimento do ensino superior. Além disso, atendia a demandas sociais, políticas e econômicas da expansão do Oeste, capitaneadas pelo governo militar brasileiro à época. Isso ocorreu a partir de um currículo operacionalizado de forma particular se comparado aos indicativos legais,
com uma tônica no campo da educação. Este artigo contribui para a preservação das memórias da Psicologia em um dos primeiros cursos de graduação do estado, ampliando saberes sobre a história da Psicologia no país.
Corpos Tatuados
Authors: Pereira Marlene Brito de Jesus , Rabinovich Elaine Pedreira
Published: July 2020

Este artigo tem por objetivo apresentar vivências e significados de tatuagens a partir de narrativas de sujeitos adultos e idosos, com base em uma abordagem interdisciplinar. Questionamos: do culto ao corpo jovem, da exigência do labor do corpo adulto e da hipervigilância do corpo envelhecido, qual a significação do corpo tatuado em idades tão díspares? Realizamos uma descrição das narrativas de adultos e idosos com corpos tatuados a partir de um desenho de pesquisa qualitativa. Participaram da pesquisa 15 adultos com idades entre 22 e 67 anos em duas capitais brasileiras, Salvador e São Paulo. Entre as ideias conclusivas estão, de um lado, a tatuagem como metamorfose, liberdade e afirmação de si e, de outro, significações que ressaltam a tatuagem como desejo de memória em completude, uma forma de fazer do corpo lugar de arquivo ou o próprio corpo como arquivo de memória completa.
ANALYSIS OF THE ELECTRICITY METERING SYSTEM FOR OWN ELECTRIC SUBSTATION NEEDS
Authors: Stets Sergiy , Stets Andriy
Published: July 2020

In the article the researches of the use of electronic meters with standard nominal parameters for metering of substation own electric energy in the schemes of high and low voltage networks simultaneously with the use of the corresponding calculated coefficients on voltage for the purpose of operational control and determination of the reliability of measurement of electricity parameters.
关于高烈度区影响桥梁的几个问题
Authors: 贾 旭东
Published: July 2020

地震作为对人类威胁最大的自然灾害，能够对建筑物造成巨大破坏，因此一直是世界各国土木工程师的重点关注对象。中国东临太平洋，西靠喜马拉雅山脉，受其地震带的影响，地震发生尤其频繁。作为交通运输咽喉，桥梁一旦在地震中发生破坏，将会造成严重的影响，甚至中断道路通行，阻碍灾后救援。因此，论文针对高烈度区桥梁建设问题提出几点建议，如地震力对下部结构的影响、砂土液化、支座、防落梁等，以供参考。
大跨径波形钢腹板连续梁桥非对称悬臂施工应力及屈曲分析
Authors: 崔 靖宇
Published: July 2020

悬臂施工阶段以及运营阶段都是整个梁桥施工中较为重要的环节。在这个过程当中，墩顶箱梁的剪力以及负弯矩的程度，都是有关部门的施工人员需要密切关注的。倘若剪力太大，或者负弯矩的程度太大，整个梁桥的建造质量就会受到影响。文章就大跨径波形钢腹板连续梁桥非对称悬臂施工的应力以及屈曲程度进行一个简单的分析。
浅析民用建筑电气设计中的节能措施
Authors: 王 芳
Published: July 2020

文章就民用建筑电气设计中的节能设计的积极意义、民用建筑电气设计的原则以及民用建筑电气设计中的节能措施方面进行了简单分析，希望对提高中国民用建筑电气设计的节能水平，实现中国建筑行业的可持续发展等方面有所启示和帮助。
无人机摄影测量技术在地表塌陷变形监测中的应用
Authors: 马 小明 , 周 凤芹
Published: July 2020

通过实践可知，当前地表塌陷变形监测的方法还存在一些问题，其运用范围受到限制，不能进行全面测量，一些死角还达不到测量要求，同时测量成本也较高。随着社会的发展，无人机摄影测量技术正在快速兴起，该项技术具备了许多应用优势，如低成本、高效率、高精度、信息量大以及重复使用等，在一定程度上改善了传统方法中存在的一些问题，为地表塌陷变形监测注入了新活力。
如苏湖城际铁路引入苏州枢纽与通苏嘉甬铁路共站方案研究
Authors: 陈 世轩
Published: July 2020

论文概述了苏州铁路枢纽现状，以及如苏湖城际铁路引入枢纽的接轨方案、线路走向，继而提出了如苏湖城际在枢纽内各站与通苏嘉甬铁路共站共建，从二者合场、分场设置两种形式出发，研究了在苏州北、园区站及苏州东 3 个车站的共站布置方案，通过城际铁路自主运营、客流跨线需求、工程角度三个方面的分析，得出分场布置具有全面优越性的结论。
市政排污管道预制检查井的施工技术
Authors: 王 宇
Published: July 2020

经济水平的不断提升促进中国城市化进程随之加快，城市的科学建设和发展对于维护社会稳定、促进国家政治经济水平进一步提高都有着一定的帮助作用。在城市的建设与美化当中，污水排放系统对于保障城市道路安全和促进城市进一步建设发展有着重要意义，需要引起相关建设者与管理者的重视。论文通过对当前市政在排污管道的设置与管理方面所存在的简要分析，提出了预制检查井在市政排污管道中应用的优势，由此为城市的建设发展明确了使用预制检查井这一施工技术的意义，提出了促进市政排污管道预制检查井施工技术应用的相关对策。
建筑工程施工阶段项目管理的原则和措施分析
Authors: 王 辉
Published: July 2020

建筑工程的规模和数量不断增加，其施工阶段的管理工作需要不断加强，这样才能不断满足社会发展的需求。在工程施工阶段项目管理工作中，往往存在一些问题影响工作的开展，在这种情况下就应当坚持相应的原则，采取一定的措施来解决这些问题。论文分析了项目管理的原则和工作过程中的问题，并研究了解决问题的措施。
TFDS-3 型设备常见设备故障分析及处理方法
Authors: 蔡 博晓
Published: July 2020

随着科学技术的发展和普及，TFDS 货车运行故障动态图像检测系统在铁路行业已经广泛使用，文章对几种 TFDS-3 型设备常见的设备故障进行原因分析，并给出处理方法。
高强 PC 钢棒预应力混凝土板静载试验分析研究
Authors: 徐 志彪
Published: July 2020

论文通过配置高强 PC 钢棒的预应力混凝土单向板的正截面承载力静载试验，为分析预应力筋的混凝土板正截面承载力力学参数提供试验数据；以预应力混凝土板的试验数据为基础，研究 PC 钢棒预应力混凝土板正截面承载力的主要影响因素。
PRAKTIK SPIRITUAL SEBAGAI KOMODITI SOSIAL DALAM ERA GLOBALISASI
Authors: Juniartha Made G
Published: July 2020

ABSTRAK

Praktik spiritual menjadi sebuah jalan yang dapat meningkatkan kesadaran seseorang terhadap dirinya, kemampuan penerimaan diri dan orang lain serta kepuasan hidup secara menyeluruh. Memang inti agama adalah spiritualitas, tetapi spiritualitas sendiri bukanlah agama. Globalisasi telah mengubah cara pandang orang dalam menghadapi berbagai hal, termasuk dalam hal spiritual. Perubahan itu dialami oleh semua agama seiring pertumbuhan dan perkembangan praktik-praktik spiritual. Ketika praktik-praktik spiritual yang semula menjadi hal yang sakral, namun hadirnya era Globalisasi memberikan pemaknaan yang tidak bisa dijadikan sebagai acuan yang pasti. Tidak mampu lagi manusia membedakan mana yang profan dan sakral, mana yang tidak dalam dan dangkal, karena semua hadir dalam ruang yang campur aduk, tidak hanya dalam budaya, hiburan, pendidikan bahkan nilai-nilainya dan agama pun mengalami komodifikasi. Perkembangan spiritual yang begitu pesat tidak terlepas dari permintaan konsumen dan berbagai dukungan publikasi baik melalui media cetak maupun elektronik.

 

Kata kunci: praktik spiritual, komoditi sosial dan globalisasi

 

ABSTRACT

Spiritual practice becomes a path that can increase one's awareness of himself, the ability to accept oneself and others as well as overall life satisfaction. Indeed the core of religion is spirituality, but spirituality itself is not religion. Globalization has changed the way people look at dealing with various things, including in spiritual matters. This change is experienced by all religions as the growth and development of spiritual practices. When the spiritual practices that were originally sacred, the presence of the Globalization era gives a meaning that cannot be used as a definite reference. Humans are no longer able to distinguish between profane and sacred, which are not deep and shallow, because all are present in a mixed space, not only in culture, entertainment, education, even values ​​and religion are experiencing commodification. The rapid spiritual development is inseparable from consumer demand and various support for publications both through print and electronic media.

 

Keywords: spiritual practices, social commodities and globalization