bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Penerapan Metode Talqiyan Fikriyan dalam Pembelajaran Pada Mata Pelajaran Fiqih di Sekolah Tahfizh Plus Khoiru Ummah Medan
Authors: Rahimania Rita , Naimi Nadlrah
Published: July 2024

Jika dilihat dari sudut pandang Islam, Pendidikan hari ini masih sangat jauh dari harapan. Misalnya dalam kepribadian Islam, banyak sekali anak didik yang perilakunya jauh dari ajaran Islam, seperti pergaulan bebas, sampai melakukan aborsi, bullying hingga tawuran dan kekerasan yang merenggut nyawa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui: (1) metode talqiyan fikriyan dalam pembelajaran pada mata pelajaran Fiqih di STP SMP Khoiru Ummah Medan; (2) penerapan metode talqiyan fikriyan pada mata pelajaran Fiqih di STP SMP Khoiru Ummah Medan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan kepustakaan dan penelitian lapangan. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi partisipan dan wawancara mendalam. Dari hasil penelitian yang diperoleh, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa: pertama, STP SMP Khoiru Ummah Medan merupakan pendidikan berbasis akidah Islam yang menjadikan Al-Qur’an dan As-Sunnah sebagai sumber utama ilmu yang diajarkan pada anak didik. Kedua, metode talqiyan fikriyan sebagai metode pembelajaran untuk membangun kemampuan berpikir anak, dengan melibatkan fakta yang terindera olehnya, kemudian anak memahami ilmu tersebut dan terdorong untuk mengamalkannya dalam kehidupan. Ketiga, Penerapan metode talqiyan fikriyan diyakini mampu meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir anak, karena dalam proses penyampaian ilmu mengajak anak berpikir sesuai realita bukan opini, hingga melahirkan pemahaman yang benar dan membangun berpikir solutif yang Islami.
Analisis Transformasi Mengajar Guru Sekolah Dasar Daerah Perbatasan, Berbasis TPACK(Technology Pedagogical Content Knowledge) dalam Bingkai Kurikulum Merdeka
Authors: Jewarut Siprianus , Sumarni Margaretha Lidya , Usman Usman , Manggu Blasius , Torimtubun Hendrikus , Durasa Helfra
Published: July 2024

Penelitiani ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis transformasi mengajar Guru Sekolah Dasar Daerah Perbatasan berbasis TPACK dalam bingkai Kurikulum Medeka. Hal ini menjadi sebuah urgensi penelitian pada Guru di daerah perbatasan, karena adanya tuntutan mengajar pada kurikulum merdeka dimana para Guru harus beradaptasi dengan teknologi. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian studi kasus atas tahapan transformasi mengajar Guru dalam bingkai kurikulum merdeka. Instrument yang digunakan dalam penelitian berupa angket, wawancara dan observasi lapangan. Angket dibagikan kepada responden tanggal 3 dan 4 April 2024, wawancara pada tanggal 25 dan 26 April sementara observasi dilakukan 1 kali dalam 1 minggu pada sepanjang bulan April, di sekolah tempat penelitian yakni SDN 11 Semangak dan SDN 07 Sebalo. Subyek penelitian ini adalah para Guru berjumlah 10 orang, 5 dari SDN 11 Semangak dan 5 dari SDN 07. Dari hasil data angket ditemukan bahwa pemahaman Guru akan kurikulum merdeka dan pemahaman akan teknologi sudah cukup baik, hal ini terbukti dari persentase jawaban reponden masing-masing mencapai 70,00% dan 85,00%. Namun pengimplementasian teknologi dalam proses pembelajaran masih cukup rendah dengan persentase 40,00% demikian pula tingkat penerapan metode TPACK dalam proses pembelajaran hanya mencapai 40,00%. Selain itu dari data wawancara menunjukan adanya linieritas dengan jawaban angket terutama tingkat keterpahaman akan kurikulum merdeka dan teknologi, namun dalam pengintegrasian teknologi dalam pembelajaran masih cukup rendah. Sementara data hasil observasi  menunjukan bahwa, para Guru sebenarnya sudah mulai menerapkan model pembelajaran TPACK namun belum maksimal, dimana para Guru sudah mulai menerapkan metode Pedagogical Knowledge (PK) dan Content Knowledge (CK) dalam proses pembelajaran, pemanfaatan teknologi juga sudah mulai diterapkan namun masih secara sporadis tergantung tingkat keterpahaman Guru yang mengajar.
Peningkatan Kemandirian Belajar Siswa dengan Menggunakan Model Pembelajaran Discovery Learning di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Arrahmah Jestiwi , Kusuma Yanti Yandri , Fadhilaturrahmi Fadhilaturrahmi
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh rendahnya kemandirian belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran IPS dikelas V SDN 192 Pekanbaru. Salah satu solusi untuk mengatasi masalah ini adalah dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran Discovery Learning. Tujuan penelitian ini mendeskripsikan peningkatan kemandirian belajar siswa dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran Discovery Learning pada siswa kelas V SDN 192 Pekanbaru. Metode penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas ( PTK) yang dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus. Setiap siklus terdiri dari dua pertemuan dan empat tahap, yaitu perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi, refleksi, dan waktu penelitian dilaksanakan sampai bulan Agustus. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas V SDN 192 Pekanbaru berjumlah 15 orang yang terdiri dari 8 siswa laki-laki dan 7 siswa perempuan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terjadinya peningkatan kemandirian belajar siswa dari pratindakan ke siklus I sebesar 10,80%. Peningkatan kemandirian belajar siswa juga menunjukkan peningkatan dari siklus 1 ke siklus 2 sebesar 24,78% Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah terjadinya peningkatan kemandirian belajar siswa secara keseluruhan sebesar 35,58%. Pembelajaran Discovery Learning harus terus dilakukan untuk meningkatan kemandirian belajar siswa sekolah dasar. Guru perlu pendampingan berkelanjutan agar dapat menerapkan model pembelajaran Discovery Learning sesuai langkah-langkah yang disarankan.
Strategi Kepala Madrasah dalam Meningkatkan Kedisiplinan Guru di MTs Zia Salsabila
Authors: Amelia Lydia
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kedisiplinan guru dan bagaimana strategi kepala madrasah dalam meningkatkan kedisiplinan guru di MTS Zia Salsabila. Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi kedisiplinan guru di MTS Zia Salsabila ini secara umum sudah terlaksana dengan cukup baik. Dihitung secara skala indikator yaitu melalui indikator kehadiran dan ketaatan tingkat kedisiplinan guru di MTS Zia Salsabila ini sekitar 70-80%, tetapi hanya saja beberapa guru memang masih ada yang terlambat datang ke sekolah/terlambat masuk kelas, absen/izin tidak masuk kelas, dan ada juga guru yang tidak menggunakan perangkat pembelajaran. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah jenis penelitian kualitatif deskriptif dengan metode pengumpulan data yaitu teknik wawancara, teknik observasi dan teknik dokumentasi. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara deskriptif dengan reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan, serta menggunakan teknik keabsahan data trianggulasi. Hasil dari penelitian ini meliputi: (1) Kedisiplinan guru di MTS Zia Salsabila ini secara umum sudah terlaksana dengan cukup baik. Dihitung secara skala indikator yaitu melalui indikator kehadiran dan ketaatan tingkat kedisiplinan guru di MTS Zia Salsabila ini sekitar 70-80%, (2) Strategi kepala sekolah dalam meningkatkan kedisiplinan guru di MTS Zia Salsabila yaitu memberikan keteladanan, memberikan motivasi, menjalin kerja sama yang baik dengan warga sekolah, mengevaluasi perkembangan kedisiplinan guru, guru wajib mempunyai perangkat pembelajaran, pemberian reward dan punishment. (3) Perkembangan kedisiplinan guru setelah kepala madrasah MTS Zia Salsabila menerapkan strategi kedisiplinan sudah cukup baik, meskipun ada beberapa kendala yang dialami oleh kepala sekolah yaitu perbedaan karakter setiap guru, masih adanya guru yang tidak komitmen seperti terlambat datang ke sekolah/terlambat masuk kelas, absen/izin tidak masuk kelas, dan tidak menggunakan perangkat pembelajaran. Tetapi kepala madrasah selalu berusaha dalam mengatasi permasalahan tersebut dengan melakukan pendekatan secara personal melalui komunikasi yang baik, melakukan pembinaan, memberikan motivasi, memberikan reward dan punishment, kemudian memberikan bimbingan dan kesempatan kepada guru untuk dapat menunjukan kemampuannya terhadap tugas dan tanggung jawabnya sebagai seorang guru agar terciptanya kedisiplinan yang baik.
Dampak dan tantangan terhadap Transformasi kurikulum di Satuan Pendidikan
Authors: Dendodi Dendodi , Nurdiana Nurdiana , Astuti Yayuk Dwi , Aunurrahman Aunurrahman , Warneri Warneri
Published: July 2024

Transformasi kurikulum merujuk pada proses perubahan signifikan atau perubahan besar dalam isi, struktur, atau metode pengajaran suatu kurikulum pendidikan. Ini melibatkan revolusi atau reformasi substansial dalam cara materi diajarkan, bagaimana siswa dinilai, dan bagaimana proses pembelajaran dirancang dan dilaksanakan. Dalam penelitian ini akan ulas lebih mendalam tentang dampak dan tantangan terhadap perubahan kurikulum di satuan pendidikan dikarenakan transformasi kurikulum di Indonesia harus memberikan perubahan yang positif bagi pengalaman belajar siswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan penelitian kualitatif dengan studi kepustakaan dan wawancara pada sekolah yang ada SDN 11 Delta Pawan, SDN 22 Delta Pawan, SMPN 2 Ketapang dan SMPN 3 Ketapang. Semua sampel sekolah tersebut masuk di dalam populasi sekolah yang berada di ruang lingkup Dinas Pendidikan Kabupaten Ketapang. Dari hasil studi dan wawancara maka didapatkan dampak dan tantangan terhadap transformasi kurikulum dipandang dari tiga aspek pengangku kepentingan pendidikan yaitu siswa, guru dan kepala sekolah. Maka dari hasil penelitian tersebut didapatkan dampak terhadap transformasi kurikulum di Indonesia sangat besar terutama dalam pengembangan diri terkait dengan teknologi informasi dan penting bagi sekolah untuk terus meningkatkan pendekatan pembelajaran guna memperbaiki hasil belajar siswa. Sedangkan tantangan terhadap transformasi pendidikan adalah setiap siswa dan guru dituntut berperan aktif dalam segala aspek pembelajaran di sekolah.
Implementasi Pendidikan Multikultural sebagai Penguatan Nilai Karakter Santri di Pondok Pesantren Darul Mujahadah Kabupaten Tegal
Authors: Kuncoro Mohammad Eko Hadi , Maufur Maufur , Basukiyatno Basukiyatno
Published: July 2024

Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah (1) Mendeskripsikan implementasi pendidikan multikultural di Pondok Pesantren Darul Mujahadah, (2) Mendeskripsian faktor yang mendukung penguatan nilai karakter dalam implementasi pendidikan multikultural di Pondok Pesantren Darul Mujahadah, dan (3) Mendeskripsikan faktor penghambat implementasi pendidikan multikultural sebagai penguatan nilai karakter di Pondok Pesantren Darul Mujahadah Kabupaten Tegal. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif studi kasus, di mana peneliti fokus untuk menyelidiki kondisi objek penelitian yang bersifat alamiah dengan penekanan pada pemahaman makna. Teknik pengambilan data melalui observasi lapangan dan wawancara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan implementasi pendidikan multikultural di Pondok Pesantren Darul Mujahadah antara lain: Materi pembelajaran diintegrasikan dengan nilai-nilai multikultural, seperti toleransi, penghargaan terhadap perbedaan, dan persatuan dalam keragaman. Metode pembelajaran yang digunakan mendorong interaksi dan kerjasama antar santri dari berbagai latar belakang budaya. Pesantren mengadakan kegiatan-kegiatan yang mempromosikan multikultural, seperti gebyar budaya santri. Faktor yang mendukung penguatan nilai karakter dalam implementasi pendidikan multikultural antara faktor internal yang terdiri atas kurikulum pesantren, kegiatan belajar mengajar yang interaktif, kegiatan ekstrakurikuler, keteladanan dari kyai, ustadz/ustadzah dan lingkungan pesantren yang kondusif. Faktor eksternal terdiri atas dukungan dari orang tua santri, kerjasama dengan masyarakat, dan dukungan dari pemerintah. Sedangkan faktor penghambat terdiri dari faktor internal dan faktor eksternal. Faktor internal terdiri dari kurikulum yang belum sepenuhnya mengintegrasikan pendidikan multikultural dengan pendidikan karakter, keterbatasan sumber daya manusia, keterbatasan sarana dan prasarana, sikap dan mentalitas santri, tradisi dan budaya yang belum sepenuhnya mendukung pendidikan multikultural. Sedangkan faktor eksternal adalah  kurangnya dukungan dari orang tua santri, sikap masyarakat yang resisten terhadap perubahan terhadap budaya lain.
Pengaruh Pembelajaran Berdiferensiasi di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Dista Dini Xena , Hermita Neni , Triani Retno Agnes
Published: July 2024

Pembelajaran berdiferensiasi sangat penting diimplementasikan di sekolah dasar, mengingat hal tersebut akan sangat bermanfaat bagi siswa untuk menunjukan kemampuannya baik itu kognitif maupun non kognitif. Riset ini bertujuan untuk mengukur berapa besar pengaruh pembelajaran berdiferensiasi di sekolah dasar, terutama pada aspek kognitif. Metode riset mengadopsi riset kuasi eksperimen dengan sampel siswa kelas 4 sekolah dasar yang berjumlah 48 siswa. Hasil riset menunjukan bahwa pembelajaran berdiferensiasi berpengaruh signifikan sebesar 14,21% terhadap kemampuan aspek kognitif siswa sekolah dasar. Teridentifikasi juga gaya belajar mereka kedalam tiga kelompok, yaitu visual, auditori, dan kinestetik. Pembelajaran berdiferensiasi sangat penting dilakukan guru untuk memetakan gaya belajar siswa, dengan demikian guru akan mudah untuk menentukan pembelajaran. Kemampuan siswa akan lebih meningkatkan apabila guru memiliki profil siswa yang lengkap.
Implementasi Kebijakan Pendidikan Inklusi di Kota Blitar
Authors: Kustiningrum Brigifa , Arisyahidin Arisyahidin , Askafi Eka
Published: July 2024

Pendidikan merupakan salah satu aspek penting dan menjadi prioritas dalam kehidupan manusia. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui Implementasi Kebijakan Pendidikan Inklusi di Kota Blitar. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Lokasi penelitian adalah pada Dinas Pendidikan Kota Blitar dan sekolah dari TK/Paud di wilayah Kota Blitar. Sumber data diambil dari data sekunder dan primer. Data Sekunder dari Wawancara (Guru dan staf sekolah inklusi, Kepala sekolah, Siswa dengan kebutuhan khusus, Orang tua siswa), observasi. Sedangkan data primer dari  dokumen (Kebijakan pendidikan inklusi, Laporan Implementasi), studi literatur (Artikel penelitian sebelumnya. Buku, jurnal, dan literatur terkait). Jumlah informan dalam penelitian ini 6 orang. Metode analisis data dengan analisis kualitatif. Hasil penelitian adalah Individualized Educational Programs (IEP) merupakan pendekatan yang memiliki relevansi dan efektivitas yang tinggi. Selain program akademik, maka untuk mencapai tujuan institusional yang komprehensif sangatlah dibutuhkan layanan bimbingan dan konseling yang memadai sehingga dapat menjadikan peserta didik dapat mencapai kematangan personal, sosial, dan karir. Sekolah inklusi merupakan program sekolah yang diselenggarakan dengan mencampur anak yang berkebutuhan khusus (ABK) dengan anak normal dalam kelas reguler. Di TKN Kota Blitar semua ABK yang masuk dalam kelas reguler mengikuti proses pembelajaran seperti biasa tanpa ada perbedaan.
Nilai Filsafat Kato Nan Ampek dalam Komunikasi Masyarakat Minangkabau
Authors: Srisaparmi Srisaparmi , Fitrisia Azmi
Published: July 2024

Kato nan ampek merupakan salah satu filsafat dalam kebudayaan Minangkabau. Etika dan norma dalam melakukan komunikasi pada setiap tingkatan diatur dalam adat melalui kato nan ampek baik dengan sesama maupun yang lebih tua. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan mendeskripsikan nilai filsafat yang terkandung didalam filsafat kato nan ampek. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah studi literatur yang bersumber dari buku, jurnal, artikel dan lain sebagainya. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah Kato nan Ampek merupakan tata cara, pedoman dan aturan dalam bertutur bahasa masyarakat Minangkabau dalam berkomunikasi bagi semua orang yang terlibat didalamnya. Kato nan ampek terdiri dari kato mandata, kato mandaki, kato manurun dan kato malereng, memiliki nilai filsafat yang sangat baik dalam melakukan komunikasi antar sesama maupun lebih tua dikalangan masyarakat Minangkabau. Aturan yang dapat dijadikan pedoman dan tata krama dalam melakukan komunikasi.
Texto para Discussão 2890
Authors: Iasco-Pereira Hugo C.
Published: July 2024

O objetivo deste estudo é mapear a presença estrangeira nos setores de energia e minerais estratégicos da economia brasileira. Para esse propósito, utilizou-se a base de dados do Cadastro Nacional de Pessoas Jurídicas (CNPJ), da Receita Federal do Brasil (RFB). Os resultados mostraram uma participação bastante tímida do capital estrangeiro, em número de empresas. Embora exista certa heterogeneidade setorial, o estudo enfatiza a forte presença de capital doméstico, ou, em menor medida, de firmas nacionais com sócios estrangeiros nos setores de mineração e energia. Este trabalho analisou ainda a nacionalidade do capital estrangeiro inserido nesses setores. Notou-se a predominância de empresas oriundas de Estados Unidos, Espanha, Itália, Austrália, Holanda, Reino Unido, Alemanha, Canadá e Japão, bem como de outros países com menor expressão. Por fim, calculou-se um índice para quantificar projetos com características greenfield ou brownfield nesses setores. As evidências indicaram certa heterogeneidade setorial, com ênfase em projetos do tipo greenfield em um número maior de setores do que em relação a projetos do tipo brownfield. Por fim, os resultados não indicaram a inserção de capital estrangeiro em atividades exportadoras de minerais estratégicos.
Machine Learning for Threat Detection in Softwares
Authors: Kotadia Akshat , Masalia Bhavy , Mehra Om , Pathak Lakshin
Published: July 2024

The paper examines the application of machine learning (ML) techniques in the field of cybersecurity with the aim of enhancing threat detection and response capabilities. The initial section of the article provides a comprehensive examination of cybersecurity, highlighting the increasing significance of proactive defensive strategies in response to evolving cyber threats. Subsequently, a comprehensive overview of prevalentonline hazards is presented, emphasizing the imperative for the development of more sophisticated methodologies to detect and mitigate such risks. The primary emphasis of this work is to the practical use of machine learning in the identification and detection of potential dangers inside real-world contexts. This study examines three distinct cases: the detection of malware, attempts to breach security, and anomalous behavior shown by software. Each case study provides a detailed breakdown of the machine learning algorithms and approaches employed, demonstrating their effectiveness in identifying and mitigating risks. The paper further discusses the advantages and disadvantages associated with employing machine learning techniques for threat detection. One advantage of this approach is its ability to facilitatethe examination of extensive datasets, identification of intricate patterns, and prompt decision-making. However, discussions also revolve around difficulties like as erroneous discoveries, adversarial attacks, and concerns over privacy.
Materiovigilance: An Overview
Authors: Nikhath Faheem Shaik , Sultana Zeba
Published: July 2024

Pharmacovigilance is a crucial process that aims to guarantee that patients are prescribed safe pharmaceuticals. The World Health Organisation describes it as "the discipline of science and activities relating to the identification, evaluation, comprehension, and avoidance of adverse effects and other drug-related problems." Recent advances in science have led to a major expansion in the role of medical devices in the healthcare delivery system. PV encompasses issues relating to medication therapy as well. To regulate the import, manufacture, sales, and distribution of medical equipment, the Indian government, along with the Drugs Technical Advisory Board, recently established the Medical Equipment Rules, in 2017. Postmarketing surveillance carried out by an Indian regulatory authority (MvPI) is becoming increasingly popular, comparable to that of international regulatory agencies. An essential instrument for protecting users from unforeseen effects and improving their health and safety, the adverse events reporting system (ADERS) allows for the recording of all types of medical device adverse events (MDAEs).
Strong Szegő Limit Theorems for Multi-Bordered, Framed, and Multi-Framed Toeplitz Determinants
Authors: Gharakhloo Roozbeh ,   University of California, USA
Published: July 2024

This work provides the general framework for obtaining strong Szegő limit theorems for multi-bordered, semi-framed, framed, and multi-framed Toeplitz determinants, extending the results of Basor et al. (2022) beyond the (single) bordered Toeplitz case. For the two-bordered and also the semi-framed Toeplitz determinants, we compute the strong Szegő limit theorems associated with certain classes of symbols, and for the $k$-bordered (${k \geq 3}$), framed, and multi-framed Toeplitz determinants we demonstrate the recursive fashion offered by the Dodgson condensation identities via which strong Szegő limit theorems can be obtained. One instance of appearance of semi-framed Toeplitz determinants is in calculations related to the entanglement entropy for disjoint subsystems in the XX spin chain (Brightmore et al. (2020) and Jin-Korepin (2011)). In addition, in the recent work Gharakhloo and Liechty (2024) and in an unpublished work of Professor Nicholas Witte, such determinants have found relevance respectively in the study of ensembles of nonintersecting paths and in the study of off-diagonal correlations of the anisotropic square-lattice Ising model. Besides the intrinsic mathematical interest in these structured determinants, the aforementioned applications have further motivated the study of the present work.
Low-cost, high-volume imaging for entomological digitization
Authors: Steinke Dirk , McKeown Jaclyn T. A. , Zyba Allison , McLeod Joschka , Feng Corey , Hebert Paul D. N.
Published: July 2024

Large-scale digitization of natural history collections requires automation of image acquisition and processing. Reflecting this fact, various approaches, some highly sophisticated, have been developed to support imaging of museum specimens. However, most of these systems are complex and expensive, restricting their deployment. Here we describe a simple, inexpensive technique for imaging arthropods larger than 5 mm. By mounting a digital SLR camera on a CNC (computer numerical control) motor-drive rig, we created a system that captures high-resolution z-axis stacked images (6960 × 4640 pixels) of 95 specimens in 30 minutes. This system can be assembled inexpensively ($1000 USD without a camera) and it is easy to set-up and maintain. By coupling low cost with high production capacity, it represents a solution for digitizing any natural history collection.
Stochastic assessment of temperature–CO2 causal relationship in climate from the Phanerozoic through modern times
Authors: Koutsoyiannis Demetris
Published: July 2024

As a result of recent research, a new stochastic methodology of assessing causality was developed. Its application to instrumental measurements of temperature (T) and atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration ([CO2]) over the last seven decades provided evidence for a unidirectional, potentially causal link between T as the cause and [CO2] as the effect. Here, I refine and extend this methodology and apply it to both paleoclimatic proxy data and instrumental data of T and [CO2]. Several proxy series, extending over the Phanerozoic or parts of it, gradually improving in accuracy and temporal resolution up to the modern period of accurate records, are compiled, paired, and analyzed. The extensive analyses made converge to the single inference that change in temperature leads, and that in carbon dioxide concentration lags. This conclusion is valid for both proxy and instrumental data in all time scales and time spans. The time scales examined begin from annual and decadal for the modern period (instrumental data) and the last two millennia (proxy data), and reach one million years for the most sparse time series for the Phanerozoic. The type of causality appears to be unidirectional, T→[CO2], as in earlier studies. The time lags found depend on the time span and time scale and are of the same order of magnitude as the latter. These results contradict the conventional wisdom, according to which the temperature rise is caused by [CO2] increase.
Loading diltiazem onto surface-modified nanostructured lipid carriers to evaluate its apoptotic, cytotoxic, and inflammatory effects on human breast cancer cells
Authors: Pouresmaeil Vahid , Al-zand Marwa Mawlood Salman , Pouresmaeil Aida , Saghravanian Seyedeh Samira , Tabrizi Masoud Homayouni
Published: July 2024

The main goal of cancer treatment is to ensure that the drug reaches the tumor tissue and to reduce the side effects of the drug. This study was conducted to synthesize a novel nanostructured lipid carrier modified with chitosan-folate to deliver diltiazem to cancer cell lines and to evaluate its anticancer effect. Dynamic light scattering (DLS), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR) methods were used to characterize the nanoparticles. The cytotoxicity effect on cancer cell lines variants was measured. Flow cytometry was used for cell cycle analysis, and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was performed to assess the induction of apoptosis. The inflammatory effects were evaluated by molecular analysis, and the 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid, 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, and Ferric reducing antioxidant power methods were used to measure the antioxidant power of the nanoparticles. The results reported the mean of the real and hydrodynamic diameter of the nanoparticles as 87.7 and 249 nm, respectively, and the encapsulation efficiency of diltiazem was reported to be 86.6%. The cytotoxicity results revealed that the breast cancer cells were more sensitive to treatment, with a median concentration of 33.5µg/ml. Additionally, the nanoparticle treatment led to the arrest of cells in the SubG1 phase while increasing the expression of caspases 3 and 9, which indicates the activation of the internal pathway of apoptosis. Additionally, the increase in the expression of interleukins 6 and 10 suggests an effect of the nanoparticles on inflammation. In addition, the ability to inhibit 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid and 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl free radicals with an average concentration of 577, which is more significant than 1000 µg/ml, and the ability of the nanoparticles to reduce iron ions confirmed the antioxidant effect of diltiazem-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers. These results suggest that the nanoparticles have an excellent potential to treat breast cancer.
Digital Design with KP-Lab
Authors: Ponta Domenico , Scapolla Anna Marina
Published: July 2024

KP-Lab is an EU Integrated Project envisioning a learning system that facilitates innovative practices of sharing, creating and working with knowledge in education and workplaces. The project exploits a novel pedagogical view, the knowledge-creation metaphor of learning. According to such â??trialogical
Web-based Remote Semiconductors Devices Testing Laboratory
Authors: Lerro Federico G , Protano Mauro D
Published: July 2024

This paper presents the web-based remote laboratory that will be used as part of the practice for the Electronic Physics subject at the Electronic Engineering course of the National University of Rosario, Argentina. This remote laboratory was developed as a final project of the course by two students. In this project several semiconductors devices (diodes, BJT, J-FET, and phototransistors) can be tested in order to obtain the output characteristics of each one and to study the behavior in different conditions. The fact that the user (student) does not need to install any software to access via Internet and the low cost for implementation of the laboratory, are the most outstanding advantages of this Lab.
Rapid Prototyping Modules for Remote Engineering Applications
Authors: Henke Karsten
Published: July 2024

This contribution describes the concept and implementation for an integration of microcontroller and FPGA based Rapid Prototyping modules into a Remote Lab system. This implementation enables a Web-based access to electro-mechanical models. A student uploads a source file implementation to the Remote Lab server in order to test an implementation directly within a hardware environment. The Remote Lab server offers the interfaces to integrate specific project and hardware plug-ins. These plug-ins access a hardware specific software environment to automatically compile and program the resulting firmware. To stimulate this design, the Remote Lab server exchanges digital signals via a serial interface. To allow the student to compare architectures of different designs using the same hardware model, a specific controller (using the Remote Lab interface) can be selected. For this, an IP-based multiplexer provides the control connection between the respective controller and the hardware model. In our contribution we would like to give examples of such a complex design task and how the students can use different tools during several design steps.
An Automated Sorting System Based on Virtual Instrumentation Techniques
Authors: Holonec Rodica
Published: July 2024

The application presented in this paper represents an experimental model and it refers to the implementing of an automated sorting system for pieces of same shape but different sizes and/or colors. The classification is made according to two features: the color and weight of these pieces. The system is a complex combination of NI Vision hardware and software tools, strain gauges transducers, signal conditioning connected to data acquisition boards, motion and control elements. The system is very useful for students to learn and experiment different virtual instrumentation techniques in order to be able to develop a large field of applications from inspection and process control to sorting and assembly
A LabVIEW based Remote DSP Laboratory
Authors: Kalantzopoulos Athanasios , Karageorgopoulos Dimitrios , Zigouris Evangelos
Published: July 2024

Remote laboratories provide the students with the capability to perform laboratory exercises exploiting the relevant equipment any time of the day without their physical presence. Furthermore, providing the ability to use a single workstation by more than one student, they contribute to the reduction of the laboratory cost.
Turning to advantage the above and according to the needs of post graduate modules in the fields of DSP Systems Design and Signal Processing Systems with DSPs, we designed and developed a Remote DSP Laboratory. A student using a Web Browser has the ability via internet to turn to account the R-DSP Lab and perform experiments using DSPs (Digital Signal Processors). For now, there is the opportunity to carry out laboratory exercises such as FIR, IIR digital filters and FFT as well as run any executable file developed by the user. In any case the observation of the results is carried out through the use of specially designed Graphical User Interfaces (GUIs).
Towards a Distributed Architecture for Remote Laboratories
Authors: Garcia-Zubia Javier , Orduña Pablo , Angulo Ignacio , Irurzun Jaime , Hernández-Jayo Unai
Published: July 2024

Traditionally, Remote Laboratories have been focused on specific solutions for specific problems. We can find a wide range of Remote Laboratories in the literature [1], assisting very different types of subjects (electronics, robotics, optics, fluids mechanics...), but commonly bound to a restricted set of requirements. Because of this, little attention has been paid on working on a scalable, maintainable, secure, open architecture that addresses the requirements of a wide set of experiments, and that could be open enough to support or adapt itself to new experiments. In this paper, we describe several aspects that might be taken into account when designing a Remote Laboratory architecture, resulted from the iterative development of our Remote Laboratory.
From the REV2008 Conference Chair
Authors: Langmann Reinhard
Published: July 2024

REV2008 was organized at Duesseldorf University of Applied Sciences from 23 to 25 June 2008.
Creating Engaging Online Courses
Authors: Zvacek Susan
Published: July 2024

The importance of engagement for learning, specifically related to online coursework, is discussed in this paper. The cognitive basis for engagement and instructional strategies for integrating it into coursework are described, as well as the challenges that instructors face in creating robust learning environments. The roles of teacher and learner must also evolve to accommodate these new models, with increased student responsibility and accountability. Finally, practical examples are given to demonstrate strategies for enhanced engagement in online coursework.
Real-Time Management and Control of a Bus Public Transport Network: The STCP Experience
Authors: Sousa Jorge Freire , Teixeira Jorge Rocha , Ferreira José Barreira
Published: July 2024

STCP is the main bus operator in the Porto Metropolitan Area. The experimental phase of using fleet tracking and management systems fitted on public transport vehicles began in the late eighties, but only in 2002 the current system (SAEI) covered all the buses of the company. Nowadays, these systems are integral company management systems. In this paper, the experience of the past six years or so is presented. The main reasons for the use of such systems are detailed, the architecture and functionalities are described and the importance of accessing real-time information together with subsequent analysis of the data obtained is underlined.
Les Lieux du Temps : contours du moi dans l’autobiographie et le journal de Woolf
Authors: Amselle Frédérique
Published: July 2024

« 22 Hyde Park Gate », « Old Bloomsbury », « Warboys », « Carlyle’s House » : les lieux du temps dans Moments of Being et le journal intime de Woolf font plus que dessiner une (au)topographie, ils sont également de véritables repères temporels. L’association de topos et chronos structure le récit, et se retrouve dans le processus d’écriture autobiographique : la visée n’y est pas toujours rétrospective et nous montrerons que l’empreinte du temps est souvent celle de la mort. Les manuscrits deviennent ainsi le topos d’une impossible mise en mots de soi, car confrontée au temps. Cette association de topos et chronos laisse alors entrevoir dans le surgissement des écritures personnelles un compromis esthétique, celui d’une météorologie du moi.
The Impact of Artificial Intelligence Systems in Criminal Law
Authors: Gangi Massimo
Published: July 2024

The purpose of this chapter is to attempt to provide a proposal for the possible development of artificial intelligence systems (AIs) in the field of criminal law, compatible with an anthropocentric orientation. An integral and holistic conception of such devices, involving four main dimensions: subjective, objective-finalistic, relational, and social. The same, harmoniously realized with the functions performed by them, widely illustrated by the author, represent an indispensable tool in the resolution of the fragile balances, currently existing and difficult to resolve, in the “human-machine” relationship with particular reference to the field of criminal disciplines. Electronic persons, as new legal subjectivities, to which functions increasingly close to “human” ones and specularly related rights, will be attributed. A process of social and legal digitization that the writer proposes to manage also through the creation of transparent and intelligible AIs, a pervasive and deep digital culture and a higher quality of data entered and used by them.
The Digital Underworld
Authors: Swapnil Sagarika , Krishna Raj
Published: July 2024

The sheer intricacy of deep web in the cyber world is mind-boggling and difficult to detect or manage, yet simple to use. Global law enforcement agencies are continually working upon the accessibility of dark web forums where privacy-enabling technologies, intrusion tools, and vulnerable code are widely shared. A section of the internet known as the dark net is unavailable through standard search engines. Due to the use of non-standard communication protocols, it renders itself unavailable to internet service providers (ISPs) and governmental organizations. The dark web has developed recently into a hotbed for illegal trading, posing a multifaceted threat to cyberspace. Since they make it impossible to track online behaviors like browsing history, location, etc., anonymizers on the dark web are used by criminals to hide their identities and engage in illegal activity. Additionally, the deep web's storage of private personal data is constantly in danger, which is a significant worldwide problem in and of itself. Therefore, a study upon this topic is important.
Impact of climate on tea yield: an empirical investigation from Sri Lanka
Authors: Edirisinghe J. C. , Ranjan H. , Herath H. M. L. K. , Jayasinghe Mudalige U. K. , Wijeratne M. , Kuruppu V. , Jayathilake C. , Wijesuriya W. , Somarathna K. , Karunaratne S. , Jayawardana S. , Gunathilaka D. , Balasooriya D.
Published: July 2024

Agriculture is heavily climate dependent. Tea cultivation is of no exception. Tea is cultivated in many developing nations around the globe and the climate change impact is to be mostly felt by developing nations in comparison to the developed. In countries such as Sri Lanka, where the major portion of export earning from agriculture comes from the tea industry, the climate change impacts would harm its progress. Hence, understanding how climate has been linked with production would pave the way for development of a country specific policy. To this end, this research attempted to measure the long-run relationship of the climate with the yield per hectare, using monthly data from 2005 to 2019. A panel Autoregressive Distributed Lag model (ARDL) was used to obtain long-run cointegration between minimum and maximum temperatures and the amount of rainfall received. Data on production and input variables were obtained from records kept at 37 large-scale tea estates at monthly intervals. Monthly temperature and rainfall data were obtained from the Meteorological Department of Sri Lanka. Panel cointegration tests indicated that there is a coexisting long-run relationship between climate variables and the tea yield. Maximum temperature had a positive relationship with yield, but minimum temperature shows a long-run negative relationship. Rainfall is positively related. Production inputs show a long-run positive impact. Thus, the possible negative impacts of rising minimum temperature could be overcome if proper management practices are adopted in the long-run.
Synthesis and characterization of biocomposite of bovine bone-based hydroxyapatite poly(lactic acid)-maleic anhydride
Authors: Keerthana J. , Hewavitharana K.H.I.K. , Wijesekara K.B.
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Human bone is a composite material of hydroxyapatite (HA) and collagen. HA (Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2) is a biomaterial with the calcium to phosphorus ratio being similar to the natural bone composition. In this study, composite materials were prepared by using poly(lactic acid) (PLA) as a polymer matrix, maleic anhydride (MAH) as a compatibilizer, and natural HA extracted from cow bone (BHA) as a suitable mechanical support filler with positive surface properties. Composites with varying HA (10-30 wt. %), PLA, and with or without MAH (0.5–8 wt. %) were prepared by a thermal decomposition method at 900 ℃. In comparison to commercial HA (CHA), the effect of the PLA and MAH contribution on morphological, thermal, and mechanical properties of BHA were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and tensile strength measurements. As per the results, the HA30/PLA/4MAH composite with 30 wt. % HA, 66 wt. % PLA and 4 wt. % MAH offer the maximum mean tensile strength of 307.71 MPa. The overall results confirm the contribution of MAH compatibilizer in HA/PLA/MAH composite materials for bone tissue engineering from a mechanical point of view.
Postmasburg: 'n geskiedkundige oorsig tot 1982
Authors: Ferreira O.J.O.
Published: July 2024

No abstract available.
Programa Nacional de Alimentación Escolar (PNAE) y el mercado de la agricultura familiar: una perspectiva histórica brasileña
Authors: Borges-de-Souza Amanda , Schultz Glauco , Triana-Riveros Jorge Luis , Fornazier Armando , Thomé Karim Marini
Published: July 2024

La política de alimentación escolar en Brasil surgió en la década de 1940, pero se oficializó en 1955 (FNDE, 2020) y, a lo largo de 68 años, hubo varios cambios en su alcance, principalmente entre 1994 y 2010, contribuyendo al alcance del Programa, especialmente en la asignación de recursos e implementación de acciones encaminadas a la seguridad alimentaria y nutricional (SAN). La relevancia del PNAE es alta, y con la ayuda de la Organización de las Naciones Unidas para la Agricultura y la Alimentación (FAO), su metodología ha sido replicada en varios países (FAO, 2015). Objetivo: revisar el Programa Nacional de Alimentación Escolar (PNAE) desde una perspectiva histórica, trayendo un cuadro evolutivo desde su creación en 1955 hasta 2020. Materiales y métodos: análisis documental, con foco en las leyes, normas y decretos que regulan el PNAE y la revisión de la literatura. Resultados: Los hallazgos muestran que, en los últimos años, el PNAE se ha estructurado bajo los pilares de mercado Seguridad Alimentaria y Nutricional, producción y consumo local, y ha contribuido sustancialmente al fortalecimiento y desarrollo de la agricultura familiar, lo que a partir de un conjunto de leyes hizo posible el funcionamiento del Programa, tanto como política social como de desarrollo rural, más allá de ayudar alcanzar algunos de los objetivos de desarrollo sostenible de la agenda 2030.
Élaboration d’un cours de fos médical et juridique : de l’analyse des besoins à l’évaluation externe de la formation
Authors: Lamy-Joswiak Anne-Cécile
Published: July 2024

Le but de cet article est de rendre compte d’une expérience de formation continue en FOS alors que ce domaine de recherche est assez peu représenté en Slovénie. La conception d’un cours de FOS nécessite un cadre méthodologique rigoureux dont il semble néanmoins possible de s’extraire en fonction des contextes d’enseignement. L’étude de cas présentée dans cet article porte sur une formation linguistique courte pour adultes dans le domaine du droit et de la médecine, dispensée en milieu institutionnel. Après un bref rappel des spécificités du français sur objectifs spécifiques, l’article expose les démarches et les défis de l’enseignante pour concevoir un tel cours : de l’analyse des besoins à l’analyse discursive, de la collecte de données pertinentes à la didactisation de documents authentiques, vers l’évaluation externe au programme de formation.
Curriculare Entwicklung des studienbegleitenden Deutschunterrichtes in Serbien – Rückblick und Ausblick
Authors: Barić Karmelka , Hegedűs Katalin
Published: July 2024

Die Anforderungen, die heutzutage vom Arbeitsmarkt an die Studienabgänger*innen gestellt werden, verpflichten dazu, sich zu überlegen, was Universitäten und Hochschulen tun können, um Student*innen bestmöglich auf ihre Aufgaben vorzubereiten, sowie ob – und im Falle wie – der studienbegleitende Deutschunterricht (SDU) dazu beitragen kann und wie demzufolge die entsprechenden Curricula aussehen sollten. Ziel dieses Beitrags ist deshalb, den aktuellen Stand des DaF-Unterrichts im Hochschulbereich – und zwar anhand eines Beispiels – zu analysieren: Gewählt wurde die Situation in Serbien mit der Absicht, paradigmatisch zur allgemeinen didaktisch-methodischen Diskussion und zur Verbesserung der Studienbedingungen und der Berufs-, Fach- und Kompetenzorientierung des Deutschunterrichts beizutragen. Ermittelt wird, ob sich die Leistungsanforderungen an Student*innen im Laufe der Jahre verändert haben und besonders, ob das 2010 im Rahmen eines internationalen Hochschulprojekts erschienene Rahmencurriculum für den studienbegleitenden Deutschunterricht Anklang gefunden hat, d.h. inwiefern seine Prinzipien in die SDU-Curricula aufgenommen und von Dozent*innen umgesetzt worden sind. Anhand einer Anzahl von Kriterien werden im Beitrag zuerst die aktuellen Curricula für den SDU in Serbien untersucht, danach die Befunde mit den Ergebnissen einer 2008 durchgeführten Untersuchung verglichen, um festzustellen, wie sich die Fremdsprachenwahl und die Stundenzuweisung verändert haben. Das Untersuchungsergebnis ist, dass in den Curricula der Berufs- und Fachbezogenheit eine wichtige Rolle eingeräumt wird, dass aber die Prinzipien des o.g. Rahmencurriculums trotz einiger Fortschritte noch nicht in allen Curricula umgesetzt wurden. Zu verzeichnen ist außerdem eine Reduzierung der zur Auswahl stehenden Fremdsprachen und der von Universitäts- und Hochschulverwaltungen festgelegten Stundenzahl, was sich auf das Sprachniveau und die sprachlichen Handlungskompetenzen der Student*innen negativ auswirkt. Weitere Anstrengungen sind daher notwendig, damit die Kompetenzorientierung deutlicher in den SDU-Curricula verankert wird: Dies erfordert eine enge Zusammenarbeit zwischen Hochschulverwaltung und Lehrkräften, so dass Student*innen eine qualitativ hochwertige und den Anforderungen des Marktes und des Gemeinsamen Europäischen Referenzrahmens für Sprachen entsprechende Sprachausbildung gewährleistet werden kann.
Operating System Software And Cd-Rom Databases As Tools For Information Delivery In University E-Libraries In South-South Zone, Nigeria
Authors: Isu Michael Egbe , Blessing Etukudo Ogunjimi
Published: July 2024

The study was carried out to examine the availability of operating system software and CD-ROM databases as tools for information delivery in university e-libraries in South-South Zone Nigeria. The study was a survey. A sample size of 214 e-library staff in the study area was used for the study. Out of 214 structured questionnaires administered only 208 were retrieved giving a 97 per cent response rate and used for the study. Analysis of data was done using Simple Linear Regression analysis. The findings showed that, operating system software and CD-ROM databases significantly predict information delivery in University e-libraries. On the basis of the findings, it was recommended that; the government at the federal and state levels should endeavour to equipped e-libraries in the study area with up-to-date computer systems with relevant operating systems to facilitate information delivery; adequate CD-ROM databases should be subscribed to for onward delivery of information in e-libraries.