bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Economía campesina e intervención estatal en contextos de gobiernos progresistas
Authors: Pessolano Daniela
Published: November 2020

El presente artículo ofrece una reflexión sobre los efectos de la intervención estatal en la economía campesina y sus posibilidades de persistencia en el contexto de los gobiernos progresistas en Argentina (2003-2015). Se elabora un estudio de caso que posibilitó la obtención de información primaria que fue puesta en diálogo con distintos antecedentes de investigación y con material bibliográfico. En la primera parte de este escrito se caracteriza la población estudiada y se facilita su ubicación en el contexto de la configuración territorial provincial. Luego, se revisan algunas modalidades de intervención de la política pública que, desde nuestra perspectiva, impactaron significativamente en la economía y la territorialidad local, en particular favorecieron procesos de mercantilización y sujetaron a estas poblaciones a una serie de tensiones, marcadas por la presencia de políticas económicas que favorecieron el modelo del agronegocio y de políticas de redistribución del ingreso que ampliaron algunos derechos de ciudadanía.
Pueblos y comunidades tradicionales, grandes empresas y estrategias de territorialización
Authors: Acselrad Henri
Published: November 2020

A partir de los cambios posteriores a 1980 en el orden capitalista, muchas actividades se reubicaron de acuerdo con la oferta de subsidios y desregulaciones. Mientras la retórica neoliberal insiste en las virtudes del libre mercado, las grandes corporaciones, sobre todo en las actividades extractivas que ganan creciente importancia en América Latina, adoptan estrategias llamadas de “no-mercado” y “gobernanza territorial”, lo que ha propiciado tensiones territoriales entre grandes proyectos de inversión y formas de ocupación espacial con bajo nivel de integración con los circuitos capitalistas. Este texto analiza la creciente difusión de procesos de territorialización estratégica operados, no sin conflicto, por grandes empresas, así como por gobiernos, movimientos sociales y comunidades tradicionales. Se analizan las implicaciones de tales estrategias para el ejercicio de derechos por parte de pueblos indígenas y comunidades tradicionales afectados por las acciones empresariales implementadas a lo largo del ferrocarril de Carajás que atraviesa los estados de Pará y Maranhão.
Introducción
Authors: Mundos Plurales Revista
Published: November 2020

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Isparta’daki Okul Çocuklarında Hipertansiyon Prevalansı ve Risk Faktörlerinin Araştırılması
Authors: SARIKAN İsmail , ÖNGEL Kurtuluş
Published: November 2020

Amaç: Bu çalışma Isparta’da, sosyoekonomik düzeyi birbirinden farklı olduğu düşünülen ilköğretim ve lise öğrencilerinde; kırsal, kentsel ayırımı yapılarak hipertansiyon prevalansının ve hipertansiyon ile ilgili risk faktörlerinin saptanması amacıyla yapılmıştır.
Yöntem: Çalışma, kentsel olarak Isparta İl Merkezi’nde bir ilköğretim okulunda ve bir lisede, kırsal olarak da Isparta’nın Atabey ilçesinde bir ilköğretim okulu ile bir lisede, toplam 702 öğrenci ile [%31,2’si erkek (219 kişi), %68,8’i kız (483 kişi)] yürütülmüş olan kesitsel tipte bir araştırmadır. Öğrencilerin tanımlayıcı özellikleri, velilerince veya bizzat kendileri tarafından doldurulan bir anket formundan, antropometrik ve kan basıncı ölçümleri ile kan değerleri ölçümleri ise üç araştırmacı tarafından yapılmıştır. Ölçümlerden elde edilen veriler, SPSS 9.05 paket programına aktarıldıktan sonra istatistiki analizler yapılmıştır.
Bulgular: Buna göre çalışmaya alınan toplam 483 kız öğrenciden 28’inin (%5,8), çalışmaya alınan toplam 219 erkek öğrenciden 11’inin (%5) hipertansif olduğu görüldü. Genel Hipertansiyon sıklığı %5,5 (39 öğrenci) olarak bulunmuştur. Çalışmamızda kan basıncı değerlerinin yaş, boy, kilo artışı ile beraber arttığı görülmüştür. Vücut kitle indeksi %85 ve üzeri olan fazla kilolular ile %95 ve üzeri olan obezler birlikte değerlendirilmiş, obezite prevalansı %16,5 olarak tespit edilmiştir.
Sonuç: Araştırmamız sonucu bulduğumuz HT prevalansı %5,5 olup, azımsanamaz düzeydedir. Bu itibarla üç yaşından sonra kan basıncı ölçümleri ile obezite risk faktörlerinin düzenli takibinin yapılması çocuklarda fizik muayenenin bir parçası olmalıdır.
Denoising wrist pulse signals using variance thresholding technique
Authors: Suguna GC
Published: November 2020

Background/Objectives: Denoising of the wrist pulse is a significant preprocessing stage for accurate investigation of the disease. The objective is to improve and analyze performance metrics of denoising techniques. Methods/Statistical analysis: Denoising of wrist pulse with the evaluation parameters such as PSNR, SNR, AE and RMSE has been implemented using wavelets such as Daubechies, Symlet and Biorthogonal. The performance of wavelets depends on the choice of decomposition level N and thresholding techniques. Findings: Variance thresholding technique showed significant improvement in Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR), Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) and reduction in Absolute Error (AE) and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) compared to other thresholding methods. Novelty/Applications: Experimental results showed drastic improvement in PSNR and SNR retaining the pathophysiological information of the wrist pulse signal for future analysis.
BELLEK SANATI “HATIRLAMA KÜLTÜRÜ” ETRAFINDA KARS ÖLÜ BAYRAMI VE YENİDEN DOĞMA İDEALİ
Authors: GÜVEN Filiz
Published: November 2020

Ölüm, hem pozitif bilimlerde hem de sanat ve edebiyatta geniş bir yer kaplamaktadır. Kimi zaman diyalektik bir son kimi zaman yeniden üretim kimi zaman ise toplumsal ilişkileri güçlendiren bir süreç olarak görülmüştür. Bu nedenle ölüm etrafında hatırı sayılır düşünceler, ritüeller oluşmuştur. Bu uygulamalar dini inançlara ya da bölgesel farklılıklara göre değişiklik gösterse de özellikle ölüm ile birlikte gelişen mutlak son fikri insanoğlunu güçlü bir korkuyla karşı karşıya bırakmış ve birtakım tedbirlere ve kaçınmalara sürüklemiştir. Bu anlamda, ölüm etrafında gelişen uygulamalar milletlerin inançlarından beslendiği gibi milletlerin öteki ile benzer ve farklı yönlerini ortaya koyacak özellikler de taşımaktadır. Toplumsal değerler, kutsallar, ritüeller, törenler, kahramanlar, tarihi olaylar vb. öğeler bir yaşam biçimi oluşturarak bireylerin belli bir topluluk içinde belirli kimlik desenleri etrafında toplanmasını ve ayrışmasını denetler. Bu bağlamda yaratılan kimlik desenleri, kültürel bir atmosfer oluşturarak toplumları soyut-somut imajlar etrafında toplayarak toplumsal değerleri meydana getirir.
Bu çalışma, Kars ölü bayramı etrafında gelişen uygulamaların toplumun/grubun birleştirici yönü olduğu savından hareketle geniş bir bakış açısı edinmek amacıyla ölüme interdisipliner bir kavrama ile yaklaşmayı ve ölüm korkusu etrafında varlığını koruyan kült inançları tespit etmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bu kapsamda Kars Ölü Bayramı içerisinde arkaik dönem insanının kutsal, kültürel değerlerinin günümüze yansımaları ve yeniden doğma ideali üzerinde durulacak ve halen devam eden bu uygulamanın toplumu birleştirici yönü toplumsal ortaklık kavramı özelinde uygulamaların kimlik üzerindeki etkisi irdelenecektir.
Evaluation of Regulatory T-Cells (Tregs) in Benign Prostatic Pathologies: A Pilot Study
Authors: ATEŞ Erhan , AMASYALI Akın , ORYAŞIN Erman , YAVAŞOĞLU İrfan , YILMAZ Mustafa , BOZDOĞAN Bülent , EROL Haluk
Published: November 2020

Objective: We aimed to evaluate the number and function of regulatory T (Treg) cells in peripheral blood and prostate tissues of patients with histopathologically diagnosed benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) and asymptomatic chronic prostatitis.

Material and Methods: Blood and histopathological data of 19 patients (BPH=10, ACP=9) that underwent transurethral prostate resection were evaluated. Treg cell count in peripheral blood and prostatic tissue with flowcytometry, Forkhead box P3 (FOXP3) expression in prostatic tissue by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and IL-17 measurement in blood samples with ELISA were performed.

Results: Flowcytometric analyses showed that mean CD4+T cell count and mean FOXP3 levels in both peripheral blood (CD4+T, p= 0.752; FOXP3, p= 1.000) and prostate tissue (CD4+T, p= 0.458; FOXP3, p= 0.590) were higher in the BPH group compared to the chronic prostatitis group. However this difference was not statistically significant. Similarly, the mean blood IL-17 levels were also higher in BPH groups, but the difference was not statistically significant (p= 0.870). The PCR analyses showed that mean FOXP3 gene expression in the tissue was higher in the chronic prostate group, but again there was no statistically significant difference between the groups (p= 0.116).

Conclusion: Since no statistically significant difference was found between BPH and chronic prostatitis in terms of Treg cell number and function in peripheral blood and prostatic tissue, our study supports the thesis that both these pathologies could be autoimmune inflammatory diseases.
Social capital as a factor of children’s and adolescent’s healthy lifestyle formation
Authors: Lebedeva-Nesevria Nataliya A. , Eliseeva Sofiya Y.
Published: November 2020

The family social capital is determined based on social control (the presence of intra-family norms and sanctions), social involvement (based on intra-family ties), and social support (based on trust) and plays a significant role in the familys socio-psychological climate and minimizing the risks of deviant behaviors of the younger generation. The hypothesis on the positive impact of the inclusion of relatives in the care of children up to 14 years (social support) into childrens healthy lifestyle formation is tested on the materials of the 27th wave of The Russian Longitudinal Monitoring SurveyHigher School of Economics (2018, n = 1941). Furthermore, it is shown that the relatives social support has a positive effect on preschool-age childrens physical activity as well as school childrens compliance with the rules of balanced nutrition and the use of vitamins.
Optimization of the quality of life of patients who need palliative care introduction
Authors: Ertel Lyudmila A.
Published: November 2020

People suffering from chronic progressive diseases of non-infectious and infectious nature need palliative care. When a condition with an unfavorable prognosis occurs, an integrated approach is required, which involves patient care in the medical, psychological, social, and spiritual aspects. This assistance is aimed at improving the quality of life of such patients and implemented in Russia as part of the provision of palliative care, which aims to improve the quality of life of not only the patient himself but also his family members. This study aims to examine the impact of legal regulation of palliative care as well as the medical, psychological, social, and spiritual aspects of palliative care on the quality of life and needs of the patients and their families. Using content analysis and documentary observation, the results regarding the impact of legal, medical, psychological, social, and spiritual aspects combined in the provision of palliative care on the quality of life of patients in need were examined. The study revealed gaps in the legal regulation of the provision of palliative care for patients, particularly HIV-infected patients and those with chronic tuberculosis. As part of optimizing the provision of palliative care, creating a vertically integrated information system for palliative care (VIMIS Palliative) is necessary. To improve the professional stability of medical staff groups providing palliative care and preventing suicidal behavior among patients, health care organizers should improve the mechanisms of psychological interaction among all the participants in the palliative care system. Organizational and methodological approaches in administering anesthesia must be improved, and the knowledge of medical workers on the theoretical foundations of the formation of pain syndromes and the modern methodology for analgesic treatment is required. The organization of the state system of the artificial ventilation of the lungs at home is required with the aim of long-term respiratory support for patients in need. Additionally, further research is needed to determine the impact of nutritional support as a supportive therapy on the course of treatment and the results of palliative care, allowing to optimize the quality of life of patients in need. Optimization of the quality of life of incurable patients depends on the level of palliative care to achieve and maintain the maximum of their physical, psychological, social, and spiritual potential. Furthermore, palliative care should meet the following requirements: early-onset, continuity, succession, comprehensive, phased, and individual approach. Despite certain existing common problems in the implementation of palliative care and the difficulties caused by the restructuring of the health care system in the fight against coronavirus infection, the system is functioning and has the necessary resources to ensure the quality of life and alleviate persistent painful symptoms of patients.
Results of the sociological research on the aspects of professional orientation of medical personnel
Authors: Kaspruk Lyudmila I.
Published: November 2020

In the training of medical personnel, determining the need for specialists with medical education is necessary. Furthermore, the future of the health care industry depends on those professionals who will soon fill the labor market. In this regard, the issues encountered in the optimization of personnel policy are relevant, e.g., solving the problem of discrepancy between the number and structure of personnel to the volume of activity, which is considered as an imbalance in the structure of doctors: nursing staff. Improving the professional orientation toward the personnel needs of practical health care is necessary. In the process of creating models for professional orientation, fixing the staffing situation regarding primary health care in the area of general medicine should be considered, focusing especially on the establishment of social order in terms of training specialists at public expense. Furthermore, one of the models (market) involves the choice of specialty and labor route specialist. The partnership of medical educational institutions with pre-university training institutions is relevant, when cooperation is based on a contractual basis approved by the health and education authorities of the region.
Perfected value of the medical service: feature of formation
Authors: Kalenskaya Nataliya V.
Published: November 2020

The study presents the results of the studies and observations of the process of forming the value of a medical service, on the basis of the application and description of the methodology of behavioral economics. Furthermore, it describes the behavioral approach of consumer behavior, their incentives, and reactions, as well as the stages of forming a contact of the consumers of a medical service.
Nueva técnica quirúrgica para el tratamiento de la retroniquia: avulsión parcial proximal
Authors: Córdoba-Fernández Antonio , Lobo-Martín Adrián
Published: November 2020

La retroniquia u onicocriptosis proximal es una patología que se presenta con relativa frecuencia en las consultas de podología. La avulsión ungueal completa ha sido el tratamiento de elección  descrito en la literatura para el abordaje de la patología.  A pesar de ser  efectiva, no está exenta de inconvenientes asociados a la pérdida de la función mecánica que la lámina ungueal tiene encomendada en el primer dedo de los pies. Para evitar o aminorar la aparición de estos inconvenientes, proponemos una alternativa sencilla consistente en la avulsión parcial proximal no incisional de la lámina ungueal dejando intacta la porción distal adherida al lecho hasta que la nueva lámina ungueal termine por desplazarla.
CURRENT SCENARIO OF THE PANDEMIC COVID-19: AN OVERVIEW
Authors:   Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Barkatullah University, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India, Kumar Utsang , Singhal Shailja ,   Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Barkatullah University, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India, Khandia Rekha ,   Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Barkatullah University, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India, Munjal Ashok ,   Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Barkatullah University, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
Published: November 2020

The novel coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) caused by the SARS-CoV-2 is an emerging disease with deadly consequences, extended its stride over the globe commenced from the epicenter, Wuhan wet market, China led to declare globally as pandemic disease. Several non-specific features of the disease like prolonged incubation period, asymptomatic yet contagious, longer illness duration, and conveyance post clinical recovery feature makes prevention difficult and is the key reason for its rapid spread across the world. Covid-19 shows varied manifestations with the majority of reported cases having mild or even no symptoms. However, the infection led to a destructive footprint in the pulmonary system, specifically, lungs are most prone to damage, making them incapable of conducting respiratory functions and thus, resulting in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), multi-organ dysfunction, and loss of life. Up to the present, there is no worldwide-approved treatment for COVID-19 and only repurposed drugs are employed for the hospitalized patient, necessitating an urgent need to develop effective therapeutics. Hence, effective control of disease spread through screening and isolation of contacts is crucial in the community. The contagion effect of the COVID-19 outbreak has brought major challenges to health systems as well as global economy worldwide. Development of rapid diagnostic test and effective vaccine as well as minimizing the exposure of the human population to possible animal reservoirs is measures needed to curb future impact. The outbreak of SARS-CoV in 2003 followed by MERS-CoV within a decade, indicates the threat of novel infectious diseases resulting from RNA viruses, will continue to present a serious global health threat, as epitomized by COVID-19. Therefore, this review is attempting to provide an overview of the current scenario of COVID-19 in terms of epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment, especially focusing on public health impact.
NATURAL HOME REMEDIES MAY ACT AS POTENTIAL IMMUNOMODULATORS TO PROTECT AGAINST SARS-COV-2 INFECTION
Authors:   Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition BBD University, Lucknow-226028, Negi Sandeep , Bala Lakshmi ,   Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition BBD University, Lucknow-226028
Published: November 2020

Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is primarily caused by Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2). The infection begins with flu like symptoms with respiratory problems but in severe cases it affects cardiovascular system and excretory systems. On March 11, 2020 World Health organization (WHO) announced this disease as pandemic. Researchers are working continuously to find a proper treatment in the form of an effective vaccine or drugs/medicines but till date these are not available in the market and mainly symptomatic treatment is provided to COVID-19 patients. Under these circumstances, Ministry of Health and AYUSH, India has released advisory to people to use natural home remedies as potential alternative treatment. Home remedies are easily available at home in the form of spices and herbs e.g. citrus fruits, garlic, ginger, turmeric, ashwagandha, mulethi, tulsi, oregano, ginseng etc and have immunomodulatory effects as evidenced by ayurvedic literature and scientific publications. As per WHO guidelines the use of herbs within permissible limit would be helpful to manage COVID-19 but its overuse may have harmful effects. In the present article authors attempted to draw the attention of readers about the easy availability and affordability of home remedies to boost immunity and general well being of our body to fight against COVID-19.
Obstetric emergencies in the maternity ward of the Ignace Deen national hospital CHU of Conakry: sociodemographic, therapeutic and maternal fetal prognosis aspects
Authors: Balde Ibrahima S. , Baldé Ousmane , Sylla Ibrahima , Diallo Ibrahima T. , Sow Alhassane I. I. , Barry Alpha B. , Bah Thierno M. D.
Published: November 2020

Background: Despite government efforts to reduce maternal mortality, the risk of a woman dying from obstetric complications is about one in six in the poorest regions of the world compared to one in thirty thousand in North Europe. The objective was therefore to describe the clinical socio-demographic aspects and to establish the maternal and fetal prognosis of obstetric emergencies.Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional prospective study over a 6-month period from January 1 to June 30, 2020 carried out at the maternity ward of the Ignace Deen national hospital (Conakry university hospital) in Guinea. The study looked at a continuous series of 662 obstetric emergency cases.Results: The frequency of admission of obstetric emergencies was 22.62%. They concerned young women (29.5 years old) on average, first-time mothers (53.32%), with low income professional activities, evacuated from a peripheral maternity unit (63.14%), no schooling (44.9%), married (92.3%), using the more often a means of public transport (66.5%) and whose pregnancies were poorly monitored (63.9%). Fetal emergencies were dominated by acute fetal distress (91.3%) and maternal emergencies were dominated by hypertensive emergencies (pre-eclampsia and eclampsia 37.44%) followed by hemorrhagic emergencies (last trimester hemorrhage and postpartum hemorrhage 34.34%). Pregnant and parturient women were more frequently admitted to labor (62.7%) and gave birth more frequently by caesarean section (86.70%). the staff reacted promptly to make a treatment decision in 75.5% of cases within fifteen minutes. emergency procedures were performed in less than fifteen minutes in almost all cases (97.4%), specific treatment was carried out in less than an hour in the majority of cases (68.3%). The maternal case fatality rate was 4.1% with the main cause of death being hemorrhagic shock of 51.8%. The stillbirth rate was 17.4%.Conclusions: The anticipation of emergency obstetric care (SOU) and close collaboration between the obstetrician, the anesthesiologist-resuscitator are essential in the management of obstetric emergencies.
Prevalence and determinants of anemia amongst HIV positive pregnant women in a tertiary Hospital in Nigeria
Authors: Eze Innocent O. , Innoeze Clara U. , Ayogu Malachy E. , Eze Stephen C.
Published: November 2020

Background: In pregnancy, anemia is associated with increased risk of both maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality especially in HIV situation. To determine the prevalence and determinants of anemia in HIV positive compared to HIV negative women.Methods: This was a cross sectional study carried out from June 2016 to December 2017 amongst pregnant women who presented to the antenatal clinic. Information on socio-demographic variables and laboratory test to determine the hemoglobin levels and CD4 count (for the HIV positive women) were carried out. A total of 350 subjects with equal number of HIV positive and HIV negative pregnant women were recruited. Variables were compared between the two groups using software package for social sciences version 20. P values<0.05 at 95% confidence interval are considered statistically significant.Results: The mean age for HIV positive and negative were 31.54 ±4.1 and 29.03 respectively while, mean gestational age at booking for HIV positive and negative were 20.41±8.61 and 22.37±7.4 weeks respectively. The HIV positive group had a mean parity of 2.02±1.5, and 2.56±1.2 was that of the HIV negative group. The mean hemoglobin statuses at booking were 9.92±1.8 g/dl and 10.6±1.1 g/df HIV positive and HIV negative women respectively. The mean CD4+ at booking for HIV positive group was 478±251 per microliter. The overall prevalence of anemia irrespective of HIV status was 36.6%. The prevalence of anemia in HIV positive and negative women were 44.6% and 28.6% respectively. There was statistically significant relationship between anemia and HIV status (p=0.002).Conclusions: There was inverse relationship between CD4+ count and anemia. Low CD4+ count and non-use of HAART at booking were important determinants of anemia among the HIV.
Use of intracervical Foley catheter for pre-induction cervical ripening in women planned for vaginal birth after previous caesarean section
Authors: Jakhar Sheenam , Malla Veena Ganju
Published: November 2020

Background: Vaginal birth after previous caesarean section is challenging for obstetricians due to increased risk of uterine rupture. Common methods for labour induction in post caesarean pregnancies are membrane sweeping, balloon catheters, prostaglandins (PGE2), and oxytocin. As currently available data is limited, the evidence of safest method of induction is lacking. The present study aimed to assess the effectiveness of intra-cervical Foley catheter for pre-induction cervical ripening in women planned for vaginal birth after caesarean section.Methods: This prospective cross-sectional study included 24 pregnant women with a history of previous caesarean section, admitted for induction of labour. Induction was performed in patients with unfavourable modified Bishop Score by intra-cervical Foley catheter. The change in modified Bishop Score, oxytocin requirement, induction-delivery interval, mode of delivery, maternal complications and neonatal outcome were observed.Results: There was significant improvement in modified BS noted at the end of trans-cervical Foley catheter induction and this improvement in mean of modified BS was observed to be statistically significant (p<0.0001). The vaginal delivery rate was 29.2% while 70.8% of patients underwent caesarean section. No significant maternal or foetal complications were observed with Foley catheter induction except for one case of vaginal bleeding. There was no case of intrapartum or postpartum maternal infection.Conclusions: Foley catheter may be a cheap and effective method for pre-induction cervical ripening and induction of labour in patients with previous caesarean section.
A retrospective study of post-partum intrauterine contraceptive devices in a government maternity home of Delhi
Authors: Taneja Neha , Gupta Sujata , Kaur Karuna N.
Published: November 2020

Background: Post-partum period is defined to be an ideal time for family planning counselling. Being a second largest populated country, India has a high rate of unintended pregnancy especially in post- partum women. There is a need for accessible, reliable contraception like post-partum intra uterine contraceptive device (PPIUCD) in our country. The present study is an attempt to evaluate the safety and efficacy of intra- uterine devices in post-partum women.Methods: The study population included all the women who delivered vaginally who were counselled for PPIUCD insertion in prenatal period, early labour and within 48 hours of delivery and were willing to participate in the study. Participants were interviewed prior to discharge after receiving a PPIUCD and then six, ten, fourteen weeks and 6 months or earlier when necessary. Institutional ethical approval and informed consent were taken.Results: A total of 1625 deliveries took place out of which only 888 were inserted PPIUCD. So, the total acceptance rate was 54.6%. Majority of cases were between the age group of 21-25 (46.4%) and most of them were primipara (39.8%). 34.8% came for routine follow up in OPD at 6 weeks, 14% at 6 months and 6.1% at 1 year.Conclusions: The IUCD insertion has been proved to be a safe and effective method of contraceptive with very few side effects and no major complications. To increase the knowledge and skills among health care providers, it is necessary to arrange training on PPIUCD.
Study of the efficacy of ormeloxifene in abnormal uterine bleeding
Authors: Varwatte Priyanka B. , Fonseca Michelle
Published: November 2020

Background: Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is a diagnosis that does not apply to menorrhagia only, but also includes (menometrorrhagia) excessively prolonged and frequent bleeding. Ormeloxifene (also known as centchroman) is a selective estrogen receptor modulator. This study was conducted to assess the efficacy, safety and compliance of ormeloxifene in the medical management of AUB.Methods: This quasi experimental, one group pre and posttest research design study was conducted among 30 participants in a tertiary care institute in a metropolitan city during January 2016 to June 2017. Patients with AUB were administered with ormeloxifene were advised to follow up one monthly for the first three months and then three monthly follow up for 6 months.Results: The mean age of all the patients was 35.96±5.62 years. There was statistically significant difference of mean hemoglobin, mean endometrial thickness and mean pregnancy-associated breast cancer (PABC) score observed between pre-treatment and 3 months and 6 months of post treatment. Mean hemoglobin concentration was increased while mean endometrial thickness and mean PABC score was decreased as the duration of treatment was increased from 3 months to 6 months.Conclusions: Ormeloxifene is quick acting, effective and appears to be a promising option for the medical management of dysfunctional uterine bleeding. It leads to a significant reduction in menstrual blood loss, a significant rise in hemoglobin concentration and a significant decrease in endometrial thickness with very minimal side effect.
Incisional surgical site infections in obstetric and gynecological procedures in a tertiary care hospital in Northern India
Authors: Chandra Savita , Saxena Shodashi
Published: November 2020

Background: To find the incidence of incisional surgical site infection (ISSI) in obstetric and gynecological procedures, the risk factors, the microbial spectrum, the antibiotic sensitivity and the impact on the hospital stay. Methods: A prospective observational study was done under the department of obstetrics and gynecology, Era’s Lucknow medical college and hospital. All consecutive patients who underwent caesarean section, vaginal delivery with episiotomy, laparotomy, and hysterectomy were included in this study. Laparoscopic surgeries were excluded. Results; In this series of 646 surgeries, 6.18% developed ISSI. In the category of major surgeries, the ISSI rate was 8.89%. Amongst the 185 episiotomies 1.6% gaped. Anemia, diabetes mellitus, excess body weight, emergency or elective surgery, rapid built up of hemoglobin with blood transfusion, previous caesarean scar and tobacco intake were the risk factors identified. Coagulase negative staphylococcus was the dominant microbe. Antibiotic sensitivity to linezolid was found in 50% of the ISSI cases followed by amikacin, clindamycin and some others. The mean hospital stay was 13 days while the maximum was 26 days.Conclusions: The study established the current status of incisional surgical site infections, identified the risk factors, the microbial spectrum, the antibiotic sensitivity and the need for further studies using a preventive approach.
Knowledge, attitudes and practices related to cervical cancer screening in adult women: a hospital based cross-sectional study
Authors: Jha Neeti Nisha S. , Choudhary Neha , Maheshwari Sunita
Published: November 2020

Background: The Pap smear is a reliable, inexpensive and effective screening test for cervical cancer; the second most common cancer among women worldwide. We aimed to determine women’s knowledge, attitudes and practice towards Pap smear and barriers for the screening in a public hospital.Methods: It was a hospital based cross sectional study on 300 women who were interviewed face-to-face with a structured questionnaire regarding their socio demographic features (8 questions), knowledge (20 questions), attitudes (7 statements) and practice (undertook test or not) towards Pap smear.Results: A total of 320 women were approached for interview of which 300 responded of which 33.33% had heard of cervical cancer. At least one symptom and one risk factor were known to 13.33% and 20% participants. Only 31.33% participants had heard, and 6.67% actually underwent screening test, however, 76.25% of the participants expressed a favourable attitude for screening.Conclusions: Education level influences attitude towards screening and actual practice depends on age, income, and marital status. This study shows that despite the fact that women had suboptimal level of knowledge regarding cervical cancer, their attitude is favourable for screening. The knowledge and practice of women was inadequate and needs to be promoted.
Comparative evaluation of urodynamic profile in cases of cystocele alone or associated with uterovaginal prolapse before and after surgery
Authors: Garg Paridhi , Sarkar Bani
Published: November 2020

Background: Pelvic organ prolapse is a bulge or protrusion of pelvic organs and their associated vaginal segments into or through the vagina. There may be structural and functional changes in the bladder and urethra post-operatively.Methods: It was a prospective type of cohort study. The study was conducted on 30 patients with cystocele with or without uterovaginal prolapse undergoing surgery for same under Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital. Comparison of various pre-operative and post-operative urodynamic parameters were done using appropriate statistical tests.Results: Post-operatively, statistically significant increase was observed in the bladder volumes at which patients had first and strong desire to void as well as in the maximum cystometric capacity, increase in mean compliance, increase in mean average flow rate, decrease in post-void residual volume. Though, no significant improvement was seen on peak flow rates on uroflowmetry, maximum filling detrussor pressure, mean peak flow rates, maximum voiding detrussor pressure, mean detrussor pressure at peak flow rate.Conclusions: A pre-operative urodynamic study may be helpful in planning the site-specific repair surgery. It will also help in predicting the post-operative outcome. Urge related symptoms may not be corrected by cystocele repair alone and may require additional treatment.
COVID-19 symptoms-does pregnancy alter the course of the disease
Authors: Nambiar Sabnam S. , P. Reshmi V. , S. Ajith
Published: November 2020

Background: COVID-19 or corona virus 2 is a widespread pandemic taking a huge toll on the world population.it has a varied presentation in different age groups. Similarly, it has a poorer outcome in the elderly with various comorbidities and those who are immunocompromised. Though pregnancy is a relatively immunocompromised state studies have found that pregnant women have a less severe presentation. We have tried to assess this aspect of COVID-19 in pregnant women.Methods: We evaluated the records of 158 pregnant women who presented to our hospital from April 2020 till September 2020.Their symptoms at presentation were evaluated. we also noted the outcome of these pregnancies.Results: 16% of these were more than 34 weeks of period of gestation. 65.19% presented without any symptoms. 15.19% presented with fever. 10.75% presented with cough. 8.22% presented with headache. 5.69% presented with sore throat alone. 3.16% presented with breathlessness. 0.63% presented with anosmia alone, loss of taste, severe acute respiratory infection, vomiting, sore throat and breathlessness respectively. 54 patients delivered of which 7 delivered vaginally and there were 47 caesareans. Remaining patients after cure were discharged. There were 3 miscarriages. Two babies were found to be COVID-19 positive from nasopharyngeal swab taken on day 1, however this was a small number to indicate vertical transmission.Conclusion: Our study showed that a large proportion of pregnant patients presented without symptoms.it remains to be evaluated why this is so.it may provide us with clues on how to deal with disease in the general population.
Maternal and perinatal outcome of pregnancy in women with one previous caesarean section-a study at a tertiary care centre
Authors: Venkatesh Deepthi , Huilgol Varun G. , Huilgol Gopalkrishna B.
Published: November 2020

Background: Increasing rates of primary caesarean section has led to an increased proportion of obstetric population with history of prior caesarean delivery. There is growing concern by obstetrician for optimizing the management of these high risk cases. The present study was undertaken to evaluate obstetric and fetal outcome of patients presenting at term with history of one previous LSCS.Methods: This was a prospective hospital based observational study conducted at Vani Vilas Hospital and Bowring and Lady Curzon Hospital, Department of OBG, BMC and RI, Bangalore. The study included 300 patients who had undergone previous one LSCS with term pregnancy.Results: Majority of patients, that is 186 (62%) were in the age group of 21 to 25 years. Out of 300 patients, 94 (31.33%) patients went for repeat LSCS without trial. 206 (68.67%) patients were included in the trial of labour group, out of which 109 (52.9%) patients had successful vaginal delivery. 97 (47.1%) patients went for repeat LSCS in trial group due to various indications, commonest being scar tenderness.Conclusions: Delivery of patients with previous caesarean section should always be conducted in a well-equipped hospital where facilities for immediate intervention are available if necessity arises. These patients should be counselled antenatally regarding institutional delivery, encouraging trial of labour after caesarean section in select group of patients with close fetal and maternal monitoring for early detection of complications and its management reduces maternal and perinatal mortality and morbidity.
Doppler study (cerebroplacental ratio) as a predictor of adverse perinatal outcome
Authors: Sengodan Subha S. , Mathiyalagan Sankari
Published: November 2020

Background: Objective of the current study was to determine the importance of Doppler screening (cerebroplacental ratio i.e. CPR) in antenatal mothers and its effect on perinatal outcome of the baby so that appropriate management can be planned effectively for a better reduction in perinatal mortality and morbidity.Methods: A prospective study conducted on hundred antenatal women in GMKMCH, Salem with gestational age >32 weeks, with singleton pregnancies. Doppler ultrasonogram of fetal middle cerebral artery and umbilical artery and thus CPR obtained.Results: 25 out of the 100 patients in the study had CPR<1. CPR was compared against factors such as maternal age, parity, associated risk factors, gestational age (GA) at diagnosis (LMP GA and scan GA), time duration to delivery from diagnosis, requiring neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission, duration of stay in NICU and perinatal mortality. The CPR≤1 has a good sensitivity of 68% but a very high specificity of around 98% in predicting neonatal complications which was found to be statistically significant with a p value <0.0001.Conclusions: Since CPR has a high negative predictive value, CPR>1 helps to rule out adverse perinatal outcomes. When CPR<1, it acts as an effective tool in helping the obstetrician to decide on the mode of delivery to ensure that the baby is delivered within 12 hours of diagnosis, to improve the perinatal outcome of the baby.
Early school leaving: obstetrical and neonatal risks
Authors: Rajaonarivony Marie Valerie , Ratsiatosika Tanoja A. , Randriamahavonjy Romuald , Rainibarijaona Lantonirina , Fanomezantsoa Jean Eustache , Andriamiandrisoa Aristide , Randaoharison Pierana Gabriel
Published: November 2020

Introduction: Maternal mortality remains very high in Madagascar. In addition, women's education level is low. The aim of this study is to determine the impact of the maternal educational level on the obstetrical and neonatal outcomes.Methods: This is a retrospective analytical study of primiparae with seven years of study or less to patients with more than seven years of study at Zafisaona Gabriel Mahajanga university hospital center.Results: Prematurity was higher in low-grade patients (RR=2.6 (1.04-6.51)), and low birth weight was the leading cause of neonatal morbidity (RR=3.52). Pregnancy screening, maternal morbimortality, caesarean section, neonatal death and fetal intrauterine death were identical between the two groups.Conclusions: Education has a positive impact on maternal health. An education on pregnancy outcomes should be done at school.
A case of large cervical lipoleiomyoma simulating malignancy: an intraoperative dilemma
Authors: Agrawal Priti , Agrawal Rishi , Lobo Anandi
Published: November 2020

Primary lipomatous tumors of the uterus are very unusual benign neoplasms with an incidence of 0.03% to 0.2%. Most commonly described in the uterine corpus, lipoleiomyomas (LLM) have been reported in cervix, broad ligament and retro peritoneum. Here we report a case of perimenopausal women with cervical LLM which was highly friable simulating cervical malignancy, creating an intraoperative dilemma. A 45 year old perimenopausal woman presented with severe abdominal pain with difficulty in passing urine and motion, excessive bleeding per vaginum with increased frequency of menses, since 6 months. Ultrasonography revealed a well-defined rounded to oval heterogeneous hyperechoic lesion with minimal vascularity measuring 10.4×11.0×7.7 cm, volume-469 cc, probably arising from anterior lip of cervix. Patient was taken for laparotomy. Intraoperative friability and vascularity of the mass was suggestive of malignancy. LLM, if asymptomatic, requires no treatment. But symptomatic cases require surgical management.
Sudden bradycardia and impending cardiac arrest by intra-myometrial vasopressin in laparoscopic myomectomy: a case report and review of literature
Authors: Madaan Monika , Baghotia Priyanka , Soni Neha , Raj Samir Shankar
Published: November 2020

Vasopressin has long been used in myomectomy to decrease blood loss. Its efficacy is beyond doubt. But at the same time it is known to cause some of the serious cardiovascular side effects. We here report a case of severe bradycardia and impending cardiac arrest caused by intra-myometrial infiltration of 12 U of vasopressin and present a review of literature.
Fibroid arising in a mullerian duct remnant presenting as a pelvic mass-sonographic diagnosis with magnetic resonance imaging correlation
Authors: Singh Amandeep , Singh Gauravdeep
Published: November 2020

Mullerian agenesis is a rare congenital anomaly characterized as aplasia or hypoplasia of uterus in women with normal development of secondary sex characteristics. Presence of leiomyoma in mullerian agenesis is very rare and only few cases have been reported in the literature.  Ultrasound and MRI showed a large soft tissue mass in right adnexal region. A provisional diagnosis of mullerian agenesis associated with two pelvic masses was made. Histopathology confirmed the diagnosis of leiomyoma.
Systemic lupus erythematosus-a good maternal and fetal outcome
Authors: Lewis Preeti , Pal Ashrulina
Published: November 2020

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multisystemic autoimmune disease which primarily affects women in their reproductive years. The fertility is generally unaffected except in women with active disease, significant impairment of renal function, or high dose corticosteroid or cyclophosphamide therapy, which can result in ovarian dysfunction. This case report elaborates on the course of the pregnancy and the favourable maternal and fetal obstetric outcome of a 28-year-old female with known case of hypothyroidism who presented with chief complaints of generalised swelling all over the body and exertional dyspnoea and was later diagnosed to be a case of focal proliferative lupus nephritis, class III (ISN/RPS) on renal biopsy done postpartum. The effect of pregnancy on maternal disease is controversial. While some studies report exacerbation of SLE during pregnancy,others have not reported increased flares. The only study on this aspect of SLE from our country did not report a flare-up of disease during pregnancy.
Prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus and its maternal and fetal outcomes
Authors: Narayanrao Gude P. , Kala R. , Kumar A.
Published: November 2020

We hereby report the results of a prospective cohort study where we compared the association of various demographic factors and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), determined the prevalence of GDM and its maternal and fetal outcomes.
Metodologías utilizadas por los profesores universitarios en la docencia y evaluación de la comprensión lectora
Authors: García-Martín Judit , García-Sánchez Jesús-Nicasio
Published: November 2020

Durante los últimos años, en la Educación Superior se siguen empleando enfoques, modelos, estrategias, técnicas y metodologías diversas, pero ¿qué se sabe acerca de la efectividad de estas para la incorporación de la competencia genérica de comprensión lectora avanzada (CLA) en los planes de estudios de las instituciones universitarias? Para dar respuesta a esta pregunta de investigación se plantea el presente estudio de carácter descriptivo. Este se materializa en el diseño y la aplicación de un cuestionario ad hoc online para evaluar la CLA en Educación Superior, a una muestra accesible de 280 docentes de una universidad latinoamericana de la costa Caribe. Todo ello, mediante el análisis de la enseñanza, evaluación, y utilidad, además del conocimiento e interés en las competencias genéricas. En este sentido, los análisis realizados evidencian patrones diferenciales estadísticamente significativos en el uso de las estrategias instruccionales disponibles, de las técnicas, de los medios empleados y de las herramientas web existentes para garantizar la optimización de la CLA en función del departamento al que están adscritos. Se discuten las implicaciones para la mejora de la enseñanza y evaluación, así como las limitaciones y perspectivas futuras.
The Research on the Training Mode of Mechanical Professionals
Oriented by Job Demands under the Background of New Engineering
Authors: Jin Yayun , Xu Yuanyuan , Xu Jianhua , Luo Ji , Xu Ningping
Published: November 2020

Based on the adjustment and development of the national economic structure, college education is separated from the actual needs of the society. Some problems are highlighted. For example, the update of teaching content is lagging behind, practical teaching cannot meet the needs of students, and professional teachers are insufficient. This paper first analyzes the current status of the training of mechanical professionals in colleges and universities, and explores the training mode of mechanical professionals oriented by job demands under the background of new engineering to provide the reference for the educators.
Probe into the Reading Promotion of University Library in the All-Media Era
Authors: Wang Zhen
Published: November 2020

The development of Internet technology has quietly approached the era of all-media, and brought great changes to people’s life and learning. How to carry out the reading promotion activities of college libraries in the era of all-media has become a problem that library managers need to focus on. . This article starts with the analysis of the reader's reading characteristics in the context of all media, and looks for specific reading promotion strategies in colleges and universities, hoping to promote better future development of the library.
Research on the Teaching Reform of National Folk Dance in Colleges
Authors: Zhang Juejun
Published: November 2020

National folk dance, as an artistic form that shows the national artistic style and cultural value of my country, is not only a cultural treasure, but also a fusion of modern civilization and art. Therefore, how to enable students to actively inherit the national culture in the process of participating in learning activities has become a key problem for teachers in colleges and universities to solve. This article starts with the artistic value of folk dances, looking for specific ways to promote the reform of folk dance teaching in colleges and universities, hoping to make suggestions for other teachers.