bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
World Literature, Soviet Style: A Forgotten Episode in the History of the Idea
Authors: Khomitsky Maria
Published: December 2013

The article explores the history of the World Literature Publishing House (1918–1924), which was founded in Petrograd under Maxim Gorky’s initiative, and employed many leading writers, scholars, and intellectuals of the time. I analyze the development of the publishing house, its editorial principles, and its approaches to creating the canon of world literature. Special attention is devoted to its role in establishing some key tendencies for the field of literary translation in the Soviet Union. The history of this publishing house offers an example of how specific ideological and institutional frameworks can influence such broad concepts as “world literature.”

Статья посвящена истории издательства “Всемирная литература” (1918–1924), основанного в Петрограде по инициативе Максима Горького. Автор реконструирует историю организации издательства и анализирует принципы его деятельности, включая формирование канона мировой литературы и подходы к переводу и комментирова-нию текстов. Особое внимание уделяется тенденциям, повлиявшим на дальнейшее развитие художественного перевода в советскую эпоху. История издательства позволяет проследить, как идеологические и институциональные структуры воздействуют на формирование кон-цепции “всемирной литературы”.
Учебник истории по госзаказу
Authors: Портнов Андрей
Published: December 2013

Andriy Portnov analyzes the recently published eighty-page Conception of the New Teaching-Methodical Complex in Russian History – the result of collective effort of Russian historians to produce a new mandatory history textbook on the request of President Vladimir Putin. Portnov argues that Conception lacks any conceptual vision of Russian history because of the fundamental opportunism of the authors in trying to avoid the most problematic episodes of the past and in failing to pursue any coherent civic agenda. The much-discussed politicization of the very project of a new mandatory history textbook is limited to the superficial statist ideology, which by itself cannot formulate and pursue any meaningful political agenda.
The Shorthand of Empire: Podstrochnik Practices and the Making of Soviet Literature
Authors: Witt Susanna
Published: December 2013

In the construction of a Soviet literary canon, various forms of indirect translation played a significant role. The process of making mutually accessible the desired literary output of the peoples of the Soviet Union was often hampered by lack of language competence among translators. The use of intermediary texts, especially podstrochniki (interlinear trots) was ubiquitous. Deemed unsatisfactory “in principle,” it was tolerated as a “temporary means,” but surfaced regularly on the agenda of the concerned bodies of the Writers’ Union. Drawing on archival material, this article provides a microhistory of the podstrochnik through an analysis of discourses on the topic from the 1930s up to the 1960s.

В создании советского литературного канона значительную роль играли различные формы косвенного перевода. Обеспечение широкой доступности литературной продукции на языках народов СССР зача-стую тормозилось недостаточной языковой подготовкой переводчиков. Поэтому повсеместное распространение получило использование про-межуточных текстов, особенно подстрочников. Считавшиеся “в прин-ципе” неудовлетворительным переводческим продуктом, подстрочники допускались в качестве “временного решения”, при этом регулярно оказываясь предметом обсуждения заинтересованных подразделений Союза Писателей. Опираясь на архивные материалы, статья воссоздает микроисторию подстрочника через призму анализа посвященных ему дискурсов, начиная с 1930-х и до 1960-х гг.
Тройная ностальгия (review)
Authors: Эткинд Александр
Published: December 2013

SUMMARY:
Alexander Etkind approaches the first publication of the lectures on Russian intellectual history by Michael Karpovich as a long-awaited answer to the riddle of this Harvard historian who educated the whole post–World War II generation of American historians of Russia, while not publishing much research work. Etkind analyzes the image of intellectual history that formed this brilliant generation, which included Martin Malia, Marc Raeff, and other famous names in the field. He compares Karpovich’s approach with that of Isaiah Berlin or Raeff, and reconstructs the ideological wars that permeate the lectures. Finally, Etkind stresses the “triple nostalgia” of Karpovich, which supplied his narrative on Russian history with a unique and personal quality.
Гомер сталинизма: Сулейман Стальский и советская многонациональная литература
Authors: Добренко Евгений
Published: December 2013

Suleiman Stal’skii, who represented the so-called bespis’mennye semi-folkloristic literatures at the First Congress of Soviet Writers (1934) and who was proclaimed by Maxim Gorky “the Homer of the twentieth century” (along with Djambul Djabaev) was a signature figure of early Soviet multinational literature. In fact, the well-documented “Djambul mythology” was created in the 1930s based on the “Stal’skii myth.” The article focuses on Stal’skii and the methods by which poetic production in the former Soviet republics can be addressed; on the concept of authorship under the conditions of totalitarianism; on the methodological approaches that could structure a better understanding of authorship under these very specific circumstances; on the relationship between the populism of Socialist realist literature, poetic production of these “masters of oral national creativity,” and the image of the leader; on the role of translation in disseminating “oral literature,” where folklore was coupled with the new media and new technologies of political manipulation; on the mythology of Suleiman Stal’skii and its role in creating a national literary canon; on orality and literacy; on the particular promotion of types of “poets” in the republics; on the currency of “epic” poetry in the 1930s; and on the range of devices that were used in fashioning the Stal’skii myth.

Since the texts of “people’s bards” such as Stal’skii were published straight away, it is impossible to determine what the “originals” looked like. These “originals” were commissioned by one person, communicated to the “author” by another, verbalized by a third one, written down by a fourth, translated literally by a fifth, given a literary form by a sixth, edited by a seventh, censored by an eighth, and so on. The author himself did not speak the language in which his texts were circulated, and the “originals,” even if they did exist, have been lost. In any event, these texts are not authentic by definition, and not only because they functioned mostly in a different language. The question of Stal’skii’s translations is central to an understanding of the “people’s bards” phenomenon and the whole Soviet multinational literary project. This literature had its own reader who was different from the national one, and required a special type of writer who was de facto dysfunctional in his native language. It was a “national literature” not because of its language, for it functioned outside its language and its ethnos, but national-Soviet literature designed to serve “the Soviet people” as a whole. Each national literature delivered something from its traditions that was required for the formation of Soviet people.
Escaping Intelligibility: Translation and the Politics of Knowledge
Authors: Menon Nivedita
Published: December 2013

Nivedita Menon problematizes the vision of emancipation achieved via the translation of a unique sociocultural experience of an individual or a group into some universal discourse, as well as the very ideal of a single universal sphere of knowledge and culture. The politics of the direct and all-embracing translation of the unfamiliar into the familiar implies the act of symbolic (and sometimes physical) violence, even if it pursues the goal of liberation and accommodation of the Other. Far from defending particularism and autarky, Menon stresses the significance of fundamental heterogeneity of local languages of self-description, and of the public spaces where those languages develop and function. Criticizing the ideal of complete mutual intelligibility as utopian, and the prospects of self-isolationism as reactionary and unsustainable, she advances a third strategy. Mutual translation is conceivable outside the structural situation of asymmetrical relationships and hegemony only as a deliberately incomplete one – when it is recognized that the synchrony of foreign cultural experiences is elusive due to the specificity of local contexts and conventions, as well as incongruent temporalities, thus rendering immediate or complete mutual understanding impossible.

Ниведита Менон ставит под сомнение рассмотрение освободи-тельного потенциала перевода уникального социокультурного опыта человека или коллектива в терминах некоего универсалистского дискурса, а заодно и сам идеал единой универсалистской сферы знания и культуры. Сама политика прямого и всеобъемлющего перевода незнакомого в знакомое предполагает совершение символического (а иногда и физического) насилия, даже если преследует цель освобождения и принятия Другого. Вовсе не защищая партикуляризм и автаркию, Менон подчеркивает важность фундаментальной гетерогенности локальных языков самоописания и публичных пространств, в которых эти языки формируются и функционируют. Критикуя идеал полной взаимной понятности как утопический, а перспективу самоизоляции как реакционную и нереализуемую, автор предлагает иную стратегию. Взаимный перевод возможен вне структурной ситуации асимметричных отношений и гегемонии, только будучи заведомо неполным: когда признается, что синхронность чужого культурного опыта иллюзорна в силу специфичности локальных контекстов и норм, а также несопоставимых темпоральностей, что делает невозможным немедленное и полное взаимное понимание.
Intellectual History without a Context
Authors: Zeide Alla
Published: December 2013

In her review essay Alla Zeide critically comments on the quality of the first Russian-language publication of lectures by the Harvard historian Michael Karpovich. She begins by listing the implications of the edition’s having neither a scholarly nor a general editor. Zeide shows that both the academic and political (ideological) contexts of Karpovich’s work are either ignored or misrepresented by the authors of introductory articles, which does not allow an appreciation of the lecture course in all its complexity. She also poses a question (omitted by those involved in preparing the book) concerning why Karpovich’s grand narrative of the Russian past was structured as the history of ideas and ideological currents. Zeide gives her answer to this important question. Finally, she establishes many inaccuracies and unexplainable omissions and distortions of the original meaning in the Russian translation of the lectures and in the commentaries. She concludes that the book, or rather its critical reading, highlights problems with traditional historiography as a genre that should be replaced with a model of intellectual biography.

В своем рецензионном эссе Алла Зейде критически отзывается о качестве первого русскоязычного издания лекций по истории России гарвардского историка Михаила Карповича. Она указывает на то, что у издания нет ни научного, ни общего редактора и анализирует последствия подобного обстоятельства. Авторы вступительных статей игнорируют либо неверно интерпретируют как научный, так и политический (идеологический) контексты деятельности Карповича, что не позволяет оценить публикуемые лекции во всей их сложности. Зейде задается вопросом (который не поставили авторы сборника), почему Карпович создает свой гранд-нарратив прошлого России как историю идей и интеллектуальных течений, и предлагает ответ на этот вопрос. Наконец, она отслеживает многочисленные неаккуратности перевода, прямые искажения смысла и необъяснимые пропуски, а также ошибки в комментариях. Зейде заключает, что настоящее издание лекций Карповича высвечивает проблемы историографии как жанра, нуждающегося в реформировании по образцу современной интеллектуальной биографии.
Разрешенные, но закрытые собрания киевских прогрессистов перед выборами в Государственную думу 1912 года
Authors: Мартынюк Ольга
Published: December 2013

The article introduces the publication of documents depicting the rallies in support of Progressive candidates from Kiev (Kyiv) during the 1912 elections to the State Duma: police reports, newspaper articles, and a personal diary entry. Attitudes toward the prospects of the Ukrainian national cause were central to the polemics between the candidates representing “patriotic” and “progressive” blocs, who perceived this cause as part of a bigger political agenda, regardless of their own ethnic background and cultural affinity. Other key topics of the campaign concerned attitudes toward the struggle of sales assistants for regulated work hours and mandatory days of rest (loyalists opposed the regulation, Progressives supported it), and toward the Stolypin land reform. Even though peasant communal landholding was virtually absent in Kiev province, Progressive candidates from Kiev found it necessary to refer extensively to the plight of inner-Russia’s peasantry.

With a few exceptions, the local press was on the side of the Progressives, depicting their campaign quite sympathetically and in great detail. The government supported the loyalist candidates and only hesitantly authorized rallies for oppositional candidates. Still, the police intervened and dismissed their meetings, even including a private gathering in a restaurant, under the pretext of their having trespassed the limits of legal politics. As the published documents demonstrate, even though the police reacted only to the socioeconomic and political criticism of the regime – disregarding the quite explicit endorsements of Ukrainian national claims – the logic of political polarization firmly associated the Ukrainian national agenda with opposition to the tsarist regime.
The Women’s Movement under Ottoman and Republican Rule: A Historical Reappraisal
Authors: Öztürkmen Arzu
Published: December 2013

Since the 1980s, the second wave of the feminist movement in Turkey contributed a great deal to the launching of important academic research on women’s history, established activist associations, and continued to be vocal and visible in different aspects of women’s issues. While academic research focused on a critical review of the women’s movement during the late Ottoman era (the nineteenth century) and early Republican decades (1923–1950), activism focused primarily on a feminist critique of civil law, women’s visibility in the political arena, socially traumatic issues like domestic violence and honor crimes, and on peace regarding the Kurdish issue. This article tries to conceptualize the turning points of this historical journey, which led us in new directions in Turkish women’s history and its changing paradigms.
Thou Shalt Commit: The Internet, New Media, and the Future of Women’s History
Authors: Potter Claire Bond
Published: December 2013

More than a tool for global networking and intellectual exchange, digital technology has transformed the most basic terms of feminist scholarship: reading, writing, archival research, and publication itself. This article addresses how the Internet and the emerging field of digital humanities has fulfilled some of the larger aspirations of feminist scholarship as they were articulated at the dawn of the twenty-first century. When we move online, however, scholars engaged with history and new media identify new questions that require feminist attention. Among them are the digital divide between universities and their publics; transnational linguistic barriers; the uncertain future of journals within an altered reading and publishing environment; and the gendered history of digital technology itself.
Women’s and Gender History in Australia: A Transformative Practice
Authors: Lake Marilyn
Published: December 2013

When a new wave of women’s history burst onto the Australian national scene in the 1970s, its angry tone, revolutionary critique, and national political focus reflected its close connections with the women’s liberation movement. Subsequent research into the history of working women expressed the strength of labor history in Australia. The new concept of “gender relations” enabled feminist history to claim all historical processes and relationships, not just women’s experience, as its proper subject. More recently feminist history has been at the forefront of the transnational turn in Australian history that has reinvigorated research into biography, empire, colonialism, migration, and the women’s movement itself. Seemingly now far removed from its grassroots, the new transnational feminist history would yet seem to be appropriate in the face of one of the most urgent of contemporary political challenges: the need to address the inter-connectedness of the world, evident in the terrible plight of the tens of thousands of asylum seekers who risk and lose their lives in crossing national borders.
Since Intimate Matters : Recent Developments in the History of Sexuality in the United States
Authors: D’Emilio John , Freedman Estelle B.
Published: December 2013

Recent literature on the history of sexuality in America both confirms and complicates the interpretive framework set out in Intimate Matters twenty-five years ago. New studies reveal the ways reproduction has been highly structured by race and class. Attention to racial difference and race relations has moved from a dichotomous black and white model to multi-cultural explorations. Studies of marriage law, the construction of womanhood, the use of sexual violence, and other topics all demonstrate close connections between sexuality and racial hierarchy. Work on same-sex relations has moved beyond the largest cities and has found a variety of ways in which same-sex love has expressed itself and been understood. Increasing scholarly attention, finally, has focused on the role of the state in defining and policing the boundaries of normalcy.
Clio in the Curriculum: The State of Women and Women’s History in the Middle and High School Curriculum…and Perhaps a way Forward
Authors: Winslow Barbara
Published: December 2013

Over the past twenty five years, women’s history has been firmly established in the academy. This progress has not “trickled down” into the K–12 curriculum. Most school children recognize the names of Abigail Adams, Jane Addams, and Rosa Parks, but little else. This article discusses the importance of infusing the schools’ curriculum with gender awareness, looking at the ways in which teachers, school administrators, schools and departments of education in universities, professional history, and social studies organizations have been able to work together to reach beyond the already established, male-dominant state curriculum and incorporate the role of women and gender into their history and social studies classes, as well as to bring gender into the curriculum, including a call for greater collaborations between the academy and secondary schools.
On Borderlands/La Frontera : Gloria Anzaldúa and Twenty-Five Years of Research on Gender in the Borderlands
Authors: Perales Monica
Published: December 2013

In 1987, Gloria Anzaldúa’s Borderlands/La Frontera offered a radical reimagining of the borderlands as a physical and metaphorical space, forcing scholars inside and outside of the academy to consider how sex and gender structured power relations and historically shaped struggles for dignity and survival. Inspired by Anzaldúa’s path breaking analysis, a generation of students in Chicana/o studies pushed borderlands research in new directions, putting women’s bodies at the forefront. This brief article examines how scholars studying the Chicana/o experience have pioneered work that explores sexuality, colonization, marriage, labor, and transnational communities. This scholarship has invigorated borderlands studies to reveal the deep structures of conquest and social power in the region, and illuminates the wide range of experiences of borderlands residents in all of their humanity.
Women, Men, and Others: The Challenges of Mainstreaming Gender History in the Classroom
Authors: Roy Kumkum
Published: December 2013

This article explores how teaching courses which engage with questions of gender prove challenging to both teachers and students in the context of the graduate classroom of a university in India. The contexts within which disciplinary space for social history was created are explored to argue that this remains a contested area. Also, the institutional setting and its implications are opened up for scrutiny. I discuss, in this context, the languages used within academic discourse and their hierarchies, how students participate in discussions, and the ways in which these can be taken forward.
Twenty-Five Years of African Women Writing African Women’s and Gendered Worlds
Authors: Achebe Nwando
Published: December 2013

This article explores the evolution of scholarly writing by Anglophone African born women scholars and theorists over the last twenty-five years. It asks and answers questions about the geographic and thematic spread of these women’s writing; the relationship between African and non-African born women scholars of the African world; and the conversation that their published narratives have had with one another. It considers the following questions: are African women scholars and their non-African counterparts working on similar themes? Does scholarship written by African women complicate, affirm, or otherwise offer up a different narrative from that written by non-African born scholars? What, if any, tensions have arisen between these scholars over the reading, writing, and interpretation of historical evidence? What about similarities, differences, and evolutions in the writing of African women’s worlds by African born scholars? Last, but not least, this short article ponders the question, where does gender fit into African women’s narratives?
Chinese Women’s History: Global Circuits, Local meanings
Authors: Judge Joan
Published: December 2013

Recent Chinese women’s history focuses on the production of globally-inflected, locally situated Chinese knowledge about modernity, the gendered body, and female selfhood. This article explores three particularly fertile areas of research that explore various facets of this global/local nexus while challenging broader historical narratives and expanding the existing historical archive. The first is the emergence at the turn of the twentieth century of a feminist analytics of reform that defies conventional notions of Chinese modernity. The second is the theorization and practice of women’s medicine from the imperial through the communist eras that highlights the singularity of Chinese conceptions of the gendered body and the social status of the female healer. The third is the uncovering of non-textual avenues to—and the questioning of the very premises of—Chinese women’s historical experience through oral history and visual sources.
Welfare States, Neoliberal Regimes, and International Political Economy: Gender Politics of Latin America in Global Context
Authors: Rosemblatt Karin Alejandra
Published: December 2013

This article draws on feminist scholarship regarding gender, especially the literature on Latin America, to argue that we should qualify prevailing grand narratives regarding the transition from welfare states to neoliberal states. Recent historical scholarship has re-emphasized the U.S. role in undermining movements for social, political, and economic democracy and in helping to roll back social safety nets and labor protections. But standard narratives on this transition fail to integrate the insights of feminist literature. That literature suggests that gender dynamics may converge with or diverge from other social, economic, and geopolitical forces—such as imperialism, neocolonialism, nationalism, or neoliberalism. Feminist scholarship and the changing condition of women, I suggest, require that we jettison tired narratives regarding imperial power and economic might and produce new ways of talking about historical transitions.
Feminism and Women’s History in Academic Institutions in the Southern Cone: Argentina, Brazil, Chile, and Uruguay
Authors: Belej Cecilia , Rey Ana Lía
Published: December 2013

The aim of this article is to analyze the process of institutionalization of women’s history through the creation of study centers, and the related publications in the Southern Cone. For that purpose we consider a selection of journals as examples of collective texts that played a considerable role in institutionalizing study centers and professionalizing the field, namely in Argentina, Brazil, Chile, and Uruguay. In addition, we consider the advances in women’s history, since it was one of the disciplines on which women’s studies had a significant impact. In summary, we argue that due to the publication of specific journals, a more complex set of problems and questions arose, allowing the development of women’s studies converging later to the wider thematics of gender studies.
Eugénie Cotton, Pak Chong-ae, and Claudia Jones: Rethinking Transnational Feminism and International Politics
Authors: de Haan Francisca
Published: December 2013

This article sketches the historical field of transnational feminisms and women’s movements as it has developed since the mid-1990s. It outlines the field’s main contributions and shortcomings, identifying as the latter its strong focus on white, Western, liberal, “gender-only” feminism. Subsequently it discusses some of the contributions of the progressive Women’s International Democratic Federation (WIDF, established in Paris in 1945) and of women and men from Second and Third World countries to the international domain of women’s rights—largely overlooked in mainstream historiography. The article ends by emphasizing the scholarly and political importance of including the WIDF, left feminist leaders such as Eugénie Cotton, Pak Chong-ae (internationally known as Pak-Den-ai), and Claudia Jones, and a broader definition of feminism in our historical research of transnational feminisms and the global women’s movement.
Women, Gender, Intimacy, and Empire
Authors: Camiscioli Elisa
Published: December 2013

This article presents a genealogy of historical studies of women, gender, intimacy, and empire from the late 1970s to the present day, with specific reference to modern European imperial formations. It begins with the problem of “additive histories,” in which empire is merely affixed to a nation-based story and white women are inserted into historical accounts of empire. The article argues that work on intersectionality and colonial intimacy have complicated the additive history paradigm; in the first case, by complicating the rigid binaries of colonizer and colonized to include gender and sexuality, and in the second, by highlighting how corporality, desire, hybridity, and exchange function in imperial narratives. In turn, this historiographic trajectory questions the categories of (colonial) modernity and problematizes the (colonial) archive.
Women’s and Men’s World History? Not Yet
Authors: Zinsser Judith P.
Published: December 2013

This article explores why women have been excluded from the narratives and analyses of world historians. It explains, for example, that the usual patriarchal narratives speak in abstractions like: “societies,” “human groups,” and “populations.” These hide the maleness of the protagonists despite women’s presence in all aspects of all histories. The creation of a separate women’s history for every region of the world over the last four decades means inclusion is possible. Obstacles remain. In the interim, the article teaches a gender inclusive world history while continuing to research and write a separate women’s world history by analyzing women’s experiences in cross-cultural comparative, thematic, or global contemporaneous frameworks.
Recent Collaborative Endeavors by Historians of Women and Gender in Japan
Authors: Takahashi Yuko
Published: December 2013

The collaboration between historians of Japanese women and those who focused on women’s and gender history in other areas of the world has been crucial for changing the conservative nature of historical studies in Japanese academia. The main focus of this article is on two benefits that the collaborative relationships of historians of women and gender as well as scholars in other disciplines have made possible: the establishment of the Gender History Association of Japan in 2004, and the project to effect change in secondary history education and textbooks. In spite of the bleak picture in Japan’s gender gap, as the Global Gender Gap Index of Japan demonstrates, it is important for one to understand the efforts made by historians of women and gender in Japan in making a difference in the field of history, and to promote a gender-equal society through collaborative activities nationally and internationally.
Turns of the Kaleidoscope: “Race,” Ethnicity, and Analytical Patterns in American Women’s and Gender History
Authors: Mitchell Michele
Published: December 2013

The launch of Journal of Women’s History occurred as Americanist women’s and gender history was undergoing a profound transformation caused by increased analytical attention to “race” and ethnicity. Within a year of the Journal’s emergence, Vicki Ruiz and Ellen Carol DuBois published the first edition of their landmark anthology, Unequal Sisters , in which they encouraged Americanist women’s and gender historians to eschew “biracial approach[es]” and embrace a “kaleidoscopic” angle of vision that would permit “many pasts … [to] be explored simultaneously.” This article reviews Americanist gender scholarship on race and ethnicity that has been produced over the last twenty-five years. Work on race, ethnicity, and gender has revealed sundry social, political, cultural, and economic dynamics within U.S. history. It is arguably the case, however, that Americanist women’s and gender historians could productively analyze multiple racial and ethnic groups together on a more sustained basis.
Not Just Any Body: Disability, Gender, and History
Authors: Burch Susan , Patterson Lindsey
Published: December 2013

This article expands historical discussions of power and privilege by including disability as a central feature of our understanding of the past. Three primary foci frame this work. First, we seek to illustrate “disability” and “gender” as historically situated, co-constitutive concepts. As such, they carry specific values and ideas inextricably bound to broad societal forces. We also draw attention to disability and gender as entangled lived experiences. This approach responds to scholarly and societal tendencies to devalue and dislocate a spectrum of narratives and materials across eras and locations. Disability and gender as touchstones for critical analysis presents the final focus. Examples from U.S. eugenics and labor history illustrate these multiple dimensions. Engaging simultaneously with disability and gender ultimately expands methodological possibilities and historical understandings. This practice invites renewed self-reflection and imagination: what would our historical work be if it rigorously engaged with gender and disability?
The Pleasures and Perils of Feminist Tributes—Canada
Authors: Iacovetta Franca , Carstairs Catherine
Published: December 2013

This article highlights influential scholars and developments in women’s and gender history through an analysis of the phenomenon of feminist tributes to senior scholars, often at the cusp of their retirement. In Canada, as elsewhere, we argue, such tributes have both positive and negative aspects. On the positive side, feminist tributes, as this article itself illustrates for the Canadian context, allow us to recognize and reflect on the impressive work accomplished over the past forty years. These tributes are not without their problems, however, and we also outline some of the pitfalls, as well as unevenness, of these celebrations, highlighting, for instance, the paradox of valorizing individual accomplishment at the expense of a more collective, and accurate, narrative.
A Presence in the Past: A Transgender Historiography
Authors: Beemyn Genny
Published: December 2013

This article provides an overview of the literature written about individuals who are referred to today as transgender people, with a focus on material from the United States. Influential studies are discussed, particularly works by trans people. The article concludes by suggesting useful directions for future research, including the need to document trans political, legal, and cultural campaigns; considering a greater range of transgender people and experiences; and specifically examining the lives of trans people of color.
The Business of History: Working as a Historical Consultant
Authors: Miller Heather Lee
Published: December 2013

I write this piece as a women’s historian who currently works as a historical consultant, public historian, freelance copy editor, and writer. In this article, I discuss how I got where I am now and offer—via my own experience—some suggestions for how academic history programs can better prepare historians for nonacademic public history and consulting positions.
Class Returns
Authors: Boris Eileen
Published: December 2013

The story of how historians of women and gender do class—the neglected component of intersectionality—takes the form of a return narrative. Connected to trends in the global political economy, class has reemerged as a category of analysis, with interpretative returns that are worth it. But what constitutes class and its boundaries is not so apparent. Here I reflect on three broad arenas: First, how do we define class: is women’s class the same as men’s? Second, what constitutes class formation: How has gender functioned in understandings of class and class mobilization? Third, what is meant by labor: how has women’s history expanded definitions of work and worker and how has such scholarship understood the significance of reproductive labor for the overall political economy? Commodities, we have learned, can be gendered and indeed have a sex, even if women’s class remains determined differently than men’s.
Remembering Seamus Heaney
Authors: Peseroff Joyce
Published: December 2013

The Winter 2013-14 issue of Ploughshares. Ploughshares is an award-winning journal of new writing. Two out of each year’s three issues are guest-edited by prominent writers who explore different personal visions, aesthetics, and literary circles, with the Winter issue staff-edited. Dedicated to Seamus Heaney (1939-2013), a former guest editor, this issue of Ploughshares features a short remembrance of the Irish master by the poet Joyce Peseroff. The prose has a particularly international flavor, from Andrew Foster Altschul’s story “Embarazada,” about a fraught relationship between a Peruvian waitress and an American tourist, to “498,” about a soldier caught in the brutality of the Spanish Civil War. Robert Anthony Seigel’s Plan B essay describes his years as a tour guide for Japanese visitors to New York, and Jennifer Acker celebrates the work of the Australian writer Shirley Hazzard. The Winter issue also features poetry by Kevin Young, Linda Bamber, Michael Mlekoday, and Carl Dennis, among many others; a newly discovered poem by Alan Dugan; and the winners of the Emerging Writer’s Contest.
498
Authors: Zabalbeascoa Julian
Published: December 2013

The Winter 2013-14 issue of Ploughshares. Ploughshares is an award-winning journal of new writing. Two out of each year’s three issues are guest-edited by prominent writers who explore different personal visions, aesthetics, and literary circles, with the Winter issue staff-edited. Dedicated to Seamus Heaney (1939-2013), a former guest editor, this issue of Ploughshares features a short remembrance of the Irish master by the poet Joyce Peseroff. The prose has a particularly international flavor, from Andrew Foster Altschul’s story “Embarazada,” about a fraught relationship between a Peruvian waitress and an American tourist, to “498,” about a soldier caught in the brutality of the Spanish Civil War. Robert Anthony Seigel’s Plan B essay describes his years as a tour guide for Japanese visitors to New York, and Jennifer Acker celebrates the work of the Australian writer Shirley Hazzard. The Winter issue also features poetry by Kevin Young, Linda Bamber, Michael Mlekoday, and Carl Dennis, among many others; a newly discovered poem by Alan Dugan; and the winners of the Emerging Writer’s Contest.
Law
Authors: Yao Bro
Published: December 2013

The Winter 2013-14 issue of Ploughshares. Ploughshares is an award-winning journal of new writing. Two out of each year’s three issues are guest-edited by prominent writers who explore different personal visions, aesthetics, and literary circles, with the Winter issue staff-edited. Dedicated to Seamus Heaney (1939-2013), a former guest editor, this issue of Ploughshares features a short remembrance of the Irish master by the poet Joyce Peseroff. The prose has a particularly international flavor, from Andrew Foster Altschul’s story “Embarazada,” about a fraught relationship between a Peruvian waitress and an American tourist, to “498,” about a soldier caught in the brutality of the Spanish Civil War. Robert Anthony Seigel’s Plan B essay describes his years as a tour guide for Japanese visitors to New York, and Jennifer Acker celebrates the work of the Australian writer Shirley Hazzard. The Winter issue also features poetry by Kevin Young, Linda Bamber, Michael Mlekoday, and Carl Dennis, among many others; a newly discovered poem by Alan Dugan; and the winners of the Emerging Writer’s Contest.
Wolves Keep in Touch by Howling
Authors: Silano Martha
Published: December 2013

The Winter 2013-14 issue of Ploughshares. Ploughshares is an award-winning journal of new writing. Two out of each year’s three issues are guest-edited by prominent writers who explore different personal visions, aesthetics, and literary circles, with the Winter issue staff-edited. Dedicated to Seamus Heaney (1939-2013), a former guest editor, this issue of Ploughshares features a short remembrance of the Irish master by the poet Joyce Peseroff. The prose has a particularly international flavor, from Andrew Foster Altschul’s story “Embarazada,” about a fraught relationship between a Peruvian waitress and an American tourist, to “498,” about a soldier caught in the brutality of the Spanish Civil War. Robert Anthony Seigel’s Plan B essay describes his years as a tour guide for Japanese visitors to New York, and Jennifer Acker celebrates the work of the Australian writer Shirley Hazzard. The Winter issue also features poetry by Kevin Young, Linda Bamber, Michael Mlekoday, and Carl Dennis, among many others; a newly discovered poem by Alan Dugan; and the winners of the Emerging Writer’s Contest.
Introduction to Philosophy
Authors: Dennis Carl
Published: December 2013

The Winter 2013-14 issue of Ploughshares. Ploughshares is an award-winning journal of new writing. Two out of each year’s three issues are guest-edited by prominent writers who explore different personal visions, aesthetics, and literary circles, with the Winter issue staff-edited. Dedicated to Seamus Heaney (1939-2013), a former guest editor, this issue of Ploughshares features a short remembrance of the Irish master by the poet Joyce Peseroff. The prose has a particularly international flavor, from Andrew Foster Altschul’s story “Embarazada,” about a fraught relationship between a Peruvian waitress and an American tourist, to “498,” about a soldier caught in the brutality of the Spanish Civil War. Robert Anthony Seigel’s Plan B essay describes his years as a tour guide for Japanese visitors to New York, and Jennifer Acker celebrates the work of the Australian writer Shirley Hazzard. The Winter issue also features poetry by Kevin Young, Linda Bamber, Michael Mlekoday, and Carl Dennis, among many others; a newly discovered poem by Alan Dugan; and the winners of the Emerging Writer’s Contest.
Song
Authors: Nolan Tim
Published: December 2013

The Winter 2013-14 issue of Ploughshares. Ploughshares is an award-winning journal of new writing. Two out of each year’s three issues are guest-edited by prominent writers who explore different personal visions, aesthetics, and literary circles, with the Winter issue staff-edited. Dedicated to Seamus Heaney (1939-2013), a former guest editor, this issue of Ploughshares features a short remembrance of the Irish master by the poet Joyce Peseroff. The prose has a particularly international flavor, from Andrew Foster Altschul’s story “Embarazada,” about a fraught relationship between a Peruvian waitress and an American tourist, to “498,” about a soldier caught in the brutality of the Spanish Civil War. Robert Anthony Seigel’s Plan B essay describes his years as a tour guide for Japanese visitors to New York, and Jennifer Acker celebrates the work of the Australian writer Shirley Hazzard. The Winter issue also features poetry by Kevin Young, Linda Bamber, Michael Mlekoday, and Carl Dennis, among many others; a newly discovered poem by Alan Dugan; and the winners of the Emerging Writer’s Contest.
Embarazada
Authors: Altschul Andrew Foster
Published: December 2013

The Winter 2013-14 issue of Ploughshares. Ploughshares is an award-winning journal of new writing. Two out of each year’s three issues are guest-edited by prominent writers who explore different personal visions, aesthetics, and literary circles, with the Winter issue staff-edited. Dedicated to Seamus Heaney (1939-2013), a former guest editor, this issue of Ploughshares features a short remembrance of the Irish master by the poet Joyce Peseroff. The prose has a particularly international flavor, from Andrew Foster Altschul’s story “Embarazada,” about a fraught relationship between a Peruvian waitress and an American tourist, to “498,” about a soldier caught in the brutality of the Spanish Civil War. Robert Anthony Seigel’s Plan B essay describes his years as a tour guide for Japanese visitors to New York, and Jennifer Acker celebrates the work of the Australian writer Shirley Hazzard. The Winter issue also features poetry by Kevin Young, Linda Bamber, Michael Mlekoday, and Carl Dennis, among many others; a newly discovered poem by Alan Dugan; and the winners of the Emerging Writer’s Contest.
The Sugar Bowl: Emerging Writer’s Contest Winner Fiction
Authors: Peebles Memory Blake
Published: December 2013

The Winter 2013-14 issue of Ploughshares. Ploughshares is an award-winning journal of new writing. Two out of each year’s three issues are guest-edited by prominent writers who explore different personal visions, aesthetics, and literary circles, with the Winter issue staff-edited. Dedicated to Seamus Heaney (1939-2013), a former guest editor, this issue of Ploughshares features a short remembrance of the Irish master by the poet Joyce Peseroff. The prose has a particularly international flavor, from Andrew Foster Altschul’s story “Embarazada,” about a fraught relationship between a Peruvian waitress and an American tourist, to “498,” about a soldier caught in the brutality of the Spanish Civil War. Robert Anthony Seigel’s Plan B essay describes his years as a tour guide for Japanese visitors to New York, and Jennifer Acker celebrates the work of the Australian writer Shirley Hazzard. The Winter issue also features poetry by Kevin Young, Linda Bamber, Michael Mlekoday, and Carl Dennis, among many others; a newly discovered poem by Alan Dugan; and the winners of the Emerging Writer’s Contest.
After
Authors: Hofmann Richie
Published: December 2013

The Winter 2013-14 issue of Ploughshares. Ploughshares is an award-winning journal of new writing. Two out of each year’s three issues are guest-edited by prominent writers who explore different personal visions, aesthetics, and literary circles, with the Winter issue staff-edited. Dedicated to Seamus Heaney (1939-2013), a former guest editor, this issue of Ploughshares features a short remembrance of the Irish master by the poet Joyce Peseroff. The prose has a particularly international flavor, from Andrew Foster Altschul’s story “Embarazada,” about a fraught relationship between a Peruvian waitress and an American tourist, to “498,” about a soldier caught in the brutality of the Spanish Civil War. Robert Anthony Seigel’s Plan B essay describes his years as a tour guide for Japanese visitors to New York, and Jennifer Acker celebrates the work of the Australian writer Shirley Hazzard. The Winter issue also features poetry by Kevin Young, Linda Bamber, Michael Mlekoday, and Carl Dennis, among many others; a newly discovered poem by Alan Dugan; and the winners of the Emerging Writer’s Contest.
Bare Trees, and: The Interment
Authors: Simic Charles
Published: December 2013

The Winter 2013-14 issue of Ploughshares. Ploughshares is an award-winning journal of new writing. Two out of each year’s three issues are guest-edited by prominent writers who explore different personal visions, aesthetics, and literary circles, with the Winter issue staff-edited. Dedicated to Seamus Heaney (1939-2013), a former guest editor, this issue of Ploughshares features a short remembrance of the Irish master by the poet Joyce Peseroff. The prose has a particularly international flavor, from Andrew Foster Altschul’s story “Embarazada,” about a fraught relationship between a Peruvian waitress and an American tourist, to “498,” about a soldier caught in the brutality of the Spanish Civil War. Robert Anthony Seigel’s Plan B essay describes his years as a tour guide for Japanese visitors to New York, and Jennifer Acker celebrates the work of the Australian writer Shirley Hazzard. The Winter issue also features poetry by Kevin Young, Linda Bamber, Michael Mlekoday, and Carl Dennis, among many others; a newly discovered poem by Alan Dugan; and the winners of the Emerging Writer’s Contest.
La Desaparecida
Authors: Díaz Jaquira
Published: December 2013

The Winter 2013-14 issue of Ploughshares. Ploughshares is an award-winning journal of new writing. Two out of each year’s three issues are guest-edited by prominent writers who explore different personal visions, aesthetics, and literary circles, with the Winter issue staff-edited. Dedicated to Seamus Heaney (1939-2013), a former guest editor, this issue of Ploughshares features a short remembrance of the Irish master by the poet Joyce Peseroff. The prose has a particularly international flavor, from Andrew Foster Altschul’s story “Embarazada,” about a fraught relationship between a Peruvian waitress and an American tourist, to “498,” about a soldier caught in the brutality of the Spanish Civil War. Robert Anthony Seigel’s Plan B essay describes his years as a tour guide for Japanese visitors to New York, and Jennifer Acker celebrates the work of the Australian writer Shirley Hazzard. The Winter issue also features poetry by Kevin Young, Linda Bamber, Michael Mlekoday, and Carl Dennis, among many others; a newly discovered poem by Alan Dugan; and the winners of the Emerging Writer’s Contest.
Black Bear
Authors: O’Dell C. L.
Published: December 2013

The Winter 2013-14 issue of Ploughshares. Ploughshares is an award-winning journal of new writing. Two out of each year’s three issues are guest-edited by prominent writers who explore different personal visions, aesthetics, and literary circles, with the Winter issue staff-edited. Dedicated to Seamus Heaney (1939-2013), a former guest editor, this issue of Ploughshares features a short remembrance of the Irish master by the poet Joyce Peseroff. The prose has a particularly international flavor, from Andrew Foster Altschul’s story “Embarazada,” about a fraught relationship between a Peruvian waitress and an American tourist, to “498,” about a soldier caught in the brutality of the Spanish Civil War. Robert Anthony Seigel’s Plan B essay describes his years as a tour guide for Japanese visitors to New York, and Jennifer Acker celebrates the work of the Australian writer Shirley Hazzard. The Winter issue also features poetry by Kevin Young, Linda Bamber, Michael Mlekoday, and Carl Dennis, among many others; a newly discovered poem by Alan Dugan; and the winners of the Emerging Writer’s Contest.