bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Phytochemical Screening, Volatile Compound Analysis, and Antioxidant Activity of Mangifera quadrifida Jack (Isem Kembang) Baby Fruit collected from Lampung, Indonesia
Authors: Irawan Candra , Hanafi Hanafi , Rochaeny Henny , Sulistiawaty Lilis , Utami Andita , Dwi Putri Imalia
Published: July 2021

Mangifera quadrifida Jack (Isem Kembang) is a rare fruit native to Lampung, Southern Sumatera, Indonesia. Phytochemical composition and antioxidant activity in Mangifera quadrifida Jack baby fruits are still unknown. This study aims to analyze the phytochemical compounds and antioxidant activity contained in Mangifera quadrifida Jack baby fruit extracts. In this study, the baby fruit of Mangifera quadrifida Jack was extracted using n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol as the solvent in a separate experiment. Phytochemical tests were carried out for all extracts, followed by analysis of volatile compounds using GC-MS (Gas Chromatography – Mass Spectrometry). Then the antioxidant activity test was carried out on all three extracts to assess the inhibitory activity against DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) free radicals. Phytochemical test results of Mangifera quadrifida Jack extracts revealed the presence of various bioactive compounds. GC-MS analysis providesl information about volatile compound content for each extract, which involves alkanes, alkenes, esters, carboxylates, phenolic compounds, aromatics, and aldehydes. Antioxidant activity investigation of the extracts obtained from n-hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol showed the IC50 values of 430.63ppm, 24.52ppm, and 23.67 ppm, respectively. This shows that the baby fruit of Mangifera quadrifida Jack can be used as an alternative source of natural antioxidants.
Solid Dispersion Characteristics of Whiteleg Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) Extracted Chitosan with HPMC and PVP K-30 as
Anti-cholesterol Agents
Authors: Imtihani Hilya N. , Permatasari Silfiana N. , Thalib Fitria A.
Published: July 2021

This study aims at evaluating the characteristics of chitosan solid dispersion from whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). As anti-cholesterol agent, chitosan requires solubility enhancement which can be facilitated in solid dispersion. Here, chitosan solid dispersion was made by solvent evaporation technique used HPMC and PVP K-30 as the carriers, in which the chitosan was prepared from whitleg shrimp shell Chitosan solid dispersion was varied into six formulation, i.e. chitosan: HPMC = FH1 (1:0.25), FH2 (1:0,5), FH3 (1:2), and chitosan: PVP K-30 = FP1 (1:1), FP2 (1:2), and FP3 (1:3), and pristine chitosan, HPMC, and PVP K-30 were utilized as reference compound. Characteristics of chitosan solid dispersion were assessed from the solubility test, SEM, XRD, and FTIR. The result indicates that solubility of chitosan solid dispersion was better than the pristine chitosan. The recommended formula from this study was FP3, because obtained smaller particle size than the other, that could increase the solubility of chitosan. The crystallinity of chitosan remained unchanged upon solid dispersion preparation.
Determination of Extractive Value, Phytochemical Constituents and In-Vitro Anti-Urolithiatic Activity of Embelia ribes Burm. F. and Ipomea Hederacea Jacq.
Authors: Kumar Agrawal Krishn , Agrawal Nitin , Jadon Nidhi , Gangwar Kuldeep , Jain Swarnim , Sharma Nitin , Jyoti Jyoti
Published: July 2021

Objective: The study was planned to investigate the extractive value and in-vitro anti-urolithiatic activity of different extracts of Embelia ribes Burn. F. and Ipomea hederacea Jacq seeds. Methods: Phytochemical analysis was undertaken to evaluate the phyto-constituents present in different extracts. The extracts were prepared by the maceration process. The in-vitro anti-urolithiatic activity was performed by dissolution and turbidity methods. Result: The extractive value of chloroform, ethanol, diethyl ether, n-hexane, acetone and water of Embelia ribes and Ipomea hederacea was found to be 2%, 2.5%, 2.5%, 2%, 1.5%, 1%w/w and 1.5%, 2%, 2.4%, 14%, 2%, 6% w/w respectively. The result of phytochemical analysis showed that aqueous, ethanolic, chloroform, diethyl ether, n-hexane and acetone extract of Embelia ribes and Ipomea hederacea have positive for alkaloids, proteins, carbohydrates, amino acids, tannins, protein, mucilage and glycoside. Moreover the result of anti-urolithiatic activity of ethanol and hexane extract of Embelia ribes and Ipomea hederacea were found to be 84.33±0.67%, 76.67±0.67%, 72.33±0.88 NTU and 73.00±1.15 NTU by dissolution and turbidity methods respectively. Conclusion: On the basis of result analysis, we can conclude that both the plants extract have anti-urolithiatic activity but ethanol and hexane extract have much significant activity than other extracts when compared to standard cystone.
Antimicrobial activity of some Essential oils and Extracts from Natural sources on Skin and Soft tissue infection causing microbes:
An In-vitro Study
Authors: Subramanian Saumya , Ananth Shenoy Padmaja , Pai Vasudev
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) constitute the diverse group of infections with varied clinical presentation and severity. SSTI’s are the most common infections treated in hospital today posing diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Natural herbs have been widely used as a potential source of therapeutic substances all over the world. A study was conducted to determine the antimicrobial effect of some natural extracts on important SSTI causing pathogens. Materials and methods: In this study the antimicrobial potential of essential oil of Cinnamomum zeylanicum, Eugenia caryophyllata, oil of Cymbopogon citratus, Melaleuca alternifolia, Mentha piperita, Ocimum sanctum and extracts of Curcuma longa, Azadirachta indica and Cassia fistula were analysed against common skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) causing microorganisms. The organisms include methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), methicillin sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA), Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus agalactiae, Cutibacterium acnes, E.coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacteroides fragilis. The antimicrobial assay was performed by agar punch well method with different concentrations of essential oil and extracts. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was performed in order to identify the active constituents present in the extracts. Further a formulation was made, with the powdered extract (neem, turmeric, bark of golden shower) and cinnamon oil as the chief component to look for any probable synergetic activity. Results and discussion: In this study all the essential oils showed good antimicrobial activity than the crude extracts. Significant activity against the Gram negative organisms was exhibited by all the products used in the study. Cinnamon and Clove oil had an excellent activity against all the organism whereas tea tree, mint and Tulsi oil showed better results against the Gram positive organisms including acne vulgaris causing organisms. HPLC results emphasised the presence of eugenol and cinnamaldehyde in clove and cinnamon oil respectively. A significant zone of inhibition was observed from the formulation prepared. Hence we indicate that the natural products used in this study have therapeutic properties and therefore could be considered as an alternative medication in treatment of SSTIs.
Solvodynamic study on Solubility Enhanced Lovastatin in presence of Arginine as Cosolute
Authors: Zolkiflee NF , Mohd Affandi MMR Meor , Majeed ABA
Published: July 2021

In this study, the solute-cosolute interaction, solute-solvent interaction involved in the solubilisation process of ARG solutions and LVS-ARG solution systems are illustrated. The sound velocity values of both solution systems were determined at varying concentrations of ARG (0.01-0.8 mol.dm-3) at 298.15 K. Next, the refractive index and the density of the solution systems was measured at temperature range from 298.15 to 313.15K. Acoustic and volumetric parameters such as isentropic compressibility (KS), apparent isentropic molar compressibility (KSΦ), relative association (RA), acoustic impedance (Z), internal pressure (πi), free volume (Vf), molar volume (Φv0), molar expansibility (ΦE0) were calculated from sound velocity and density data. From the study, an increasing trend in sound velocity was observed with the increase in ARG concentration while compressibility values showed opposite trend. Additionally, solute-solvent interaction and structural effects of water for ARG and LVS-ARG systems are discussed regarding the changes in acoustic parameters.
Natural Approaches to Whiten the Dental Enamel Surface Versus the Conventional Approaches
Authors: El Bishbishy Mahitab H. , Kamal Hamza Nermeen , M. Taher Hebatallah , Elaty Mostafa Dalia A.
Published: July 2021

To the public majority, teeth whitening and appearance is crucial and affect their esthetic qualities. Despite that, in many cultures, home remedies been employed for teeth whitening, there is dearth of solid scientific evidence regarding their effectiveness. This study was conducted aiming to characterize and formulate some of these remedies and to compare their teeth whitening effect to conventional teeth whitening toothpaste after tooth brushing at one and six months’ intervals. Cocos nucifera L. (Coconut) oil, along with the alcoholic extracts of Salvia officinalis L. (Sage) herb, Curcuma longa L. (Turmeric) rhizomes, Psidium guajava L. (Guava) leaves, Citrus limon L. (Lemon) fruits peels and Fragaria ananassa Duchesne (Strawberry) fruits were separately used to prepare toothpastes. The oil and extracts were subjected to GC and HPLC-MS/MS respectively. The formulated toothpastes were of different colors, smooth in nature, foamability around 10, pH-8.2 and extrudability 95%. The best formulations were of S. officinalis (SO), C. longa (CL) and C. nucifera (CN), therefore, their corresponding toothpastes were further investigated. 20 extracted premolars were selected based on orthodontic reasons, randomly distributed into four groups and evaluated using CIELAB measurement system at base line before brushing T0 and after brushing for one month T1 and six months T2. SO showed color changes ( E > 3.3) which can be easily observed clinically. Therefore, it could be concluded that SO toothpaste was effective in changing the color of dental enamel with results comparable to those of the conventional toothpaste.
Formulation, Characterization and Antimicrobial efficacy of Aegle marmelos Essential oil nanogel
Authors: Omar Bakr Riham , Saad Zaghloul Soumaya , Ibrahim Amer Reham , Elaty Mostafa Dalia Abd , El Bishbishy Mahitab Helmy
Published: July 2021

Objective: Aegle marmelos (L.) Correa has been widely used in Indian traditional medicine and has many reported pharmacological activities. The aim of this research was to formulate solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) of Aegle oil (AO) that enhanced the beneficial antimicrobial activity of the oil. Methods: The chemical composition of Aegle leaf essential oil was analysed by GC-MS. Additionally, a phytochemical study of A. marmelos methanolic leaf extract was conducted using Folin-Ciocalteu colorimetric assay for determination of total phenolic content as well as ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-MS-MS) analyses for identification of individual components. Six formulations of AO-loaded SLNs (AO-SLNs) were prepared by a double emulsification method. The particle size, zeta potential (ZP), polydispersibility index (PDI) and drug encapsulation efficiency (EE) of the SLNs were determined. The morphology of the SLNs was observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The antimicrobial activity of AO and AO-SLNs was assessed using disc diffusion method. Results: Thirty-two compounds were identified in the Aegle oil, of which Δ-carene and α-phellandrene were the most abundant (48.14% and 34.14%, respectively). The estimated total phenolic content was 968mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/g, while UPLC-ESI-MS-MS led to the tentative characterization of thirteen metabolites. The SLNs showed ZP, PDI and EE 125 ± 0.22nm, –37.85, 0.282, and 92%, respectively. AO and AO-SLNs showed significant antimicrobial activity, and the SLNs could sustain the release of AO from their gel vehicles. Conclusion: Our results provide evidence for the application of AO-SLNs in topical and transdermal delivery systems.
The role of Bryostatin and PMA (Phorbole Myristate Acetate) in enhancing ZFN’s Anti-HIV effects
Authors: Alahmad Hanaa A. , Madi Sawsan H. , Ikhtiar Adnan M.
Published: July 2021

Purpose: Investigate the efficacy of protein kinase activators in enhancing the activity of ZFN and maintain the average of CD4/CD8 in the treatment of AIDS by using protein kinase activators like bryostatin and PMA. Materials and methods: Balb/C mice were infected with hiv-1ADA (tCID50 102×5 per mouse), A week later, ZFN was then injected with a concentration of 3,100ng, PMA with a dose 100ng per animal and Bryostatin 40 μg/kg, intraperitoneally. And Antiviral treatment was continued for seven weeks, using oral tenofovir at a dose of 4.5mg, emtricitabine at a dose of 3mg, and efavirenz at a dose of 18mg, daily At the end of the study, blood samples were withdrawn from the retro-orbital mouse eye and CD4/CD8 was measured by flow cytometry. Results: The pathophysiological changes decreased in the group treated with ZFN compared to the control infected group with significant differences, but there are no significant differences between and the groups treated with ZFN+Bry (HIV+ Z +B), ZFN +PMA (HIV+ Z +PMA) and ART group with CD4/CD8 ratio in these compared to the infected irradiated control group (HIV). Conclusion: Bryostatin and PMA cannot enhance the effect of ZFN in treating HIV infection.
Synthesis, Characterization of New Polytriazole Derivatives from Polyacryloyl chloride and Theoretical with Corrosion Inhibitor Study for Stainless steel in acidic medium
Authors: Sadiq Amaal S. , Al-Tamimi Entesar O.
Published: July 2021

The purpose of the study is to synthesize and characterize a new polytriazole derivative from polyacryloyl chloried, first reaction of polyacryloyl chloride with hydrazine hydrate in the presence of DMF as a solvent to obtained acid hydrazide (1) than reacted with different amide to give poly 1,2,4-triazole derivatives(1a-1c). Newly synthesized compounds were characterized by spectral methods [13C-NMR, 1H-NMR, and FTIR] and calculated some of its physical properties. Also, we worked theoretical study involving calculated the geometric configurations, total energy, dipole moment etc..,. In addition, the inhibition effect of the synthesized compounds (1a-1c) on corrosion of stainless steel in 1M HCl were studied by method of weight loss. The results of weight loss measurements showed that corrosion inhibition efficiency by increasing the concentration of organic inhibitors for stainless steel in 1M HCl solution at 30oC.
Liver Shielding Activity of Ficus benghalensis Fruit Extracts Contrary to Perchloromethane prompted Toxic Hepatitis in New Zealand Albino Rats
Authors: Abdul Ahad Hindustan , Haranath Chinthaginjala , Varam Naga Jyothi , Ksheerasagare Tarun , Krishna Jyothi Vinay , Teja Siddartha Tharun
Published: July 2021

The main aim of the present investigation was to explore the Liver shielding of Ficus benghalensis fruit extracts alongside perchloromethane persuaded toxic hepatitis in New Zealand albino rats. The ethanolic extract of the fruits of F. benghalensis (Family: Moraceae) was evaluated for Liver shielding in New Zealand Albino rats with liver mutilation persuaded by perchloromethane. F. benghalensis fruit extract unveiled a momentous Liver shielding consequence by dropping the serum concentrations of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total serum bilirubin (TSB) and malondialdehyde equivalent 500 mg/kg (oral). These biochemical explanations were accompanied by a histopathological assessment of liver segments. The liver shielding of F. benghalensis fruit extracts was comparable to that of a known Liver shielding Liv-52.
Qualitative Phytochemical Analysis in Determination of Antioxidant Activity of Methanolic Extract of Oenothera biennis by GCMS – A Preliminary Research Study
Authors: Patan Afroz , M. Saranya , S. Vignesh , A. Bharathi , G. Vikram , P. Yuvaraj , M. Vijeyaanandhi
Published: July 2021

Introduction and Aim: Oenothera biennis an important medicinal plant which belongs to Onagraceae family. It is used for various medicinal purposes in ayurvedic medicine and herbal remedy. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antioxidant activity of phenol and flavonoid extract of plant of O. biennis and GC-MS analysis for active compound identification. Materials and Methods: Radical scavenging assay and reduction assay methods were used for antioxidant activity. The antioxidant capacity of methanolic plant extractHP-5 column was used for GCMS analysis. Results: The IC50 of DPPH radical scavenging activity of methanol leaves extract of O. biennis was 31.43µg/mL concentration, IC50value of superoxide radical scavenging activity was 37.71µg/mL concentration. The RC50 of phosphomolybdenum reduction of methanolic plant extract of O. biennis was 49.90µg/mL concentration and the RC50of Fe3+ reduction was 37.25µg/mL concentrations. Antioxidant compounds such as Phenol, 2, 6-bis(1,1-dimethyl)-4-[(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethylphenyl)methyl]-, Cromaril and Oleic acid were eluted by GCMS analysis. Conclusion: The data showed that the methanolic plant extract of O. biennis has significant antioxidant activity. The flavone compounds identified in GCMS could be responsible for antioxidant activity. Further research work needed to isolate active compounds to kill diseases.
Synthesis, characterization and molecular docking studies on some new N-substituted 2-phenylpyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives
Authors: Panchabhai Vivek B. , Butle Santosh R. , Ingole Parag G.
Published: July 2021

We report a novel scaffold of N-substituted 2-phenylpyrido(2,3-d)pyrimidine derivatives with potent antibacterial activity by targeting this biotin carboxylase enzyme. The series of eighteen N-substituted 2-phenylpyrido(2,3-d)pyrimidine derivatives were synthesized, characterized and further molecular docking studied to determine the mode of binding and energy changes with the crystal structure of biotin carboxylase (PDB ID: 2V58) was employed as the receptor with compounds 6a-r as ligands. The results obtained from the simulation were obtained in the form of dock score; these values represent the minimum energies. Compounds 6d, 6l, 6n, 6o, 6r and 6i showed formation of hydrogen bonds with the active site residues and van Der Walls interactions with the biotin carboxylase enzyme in their molecular docking studies. This compound can be studied further and developed into a potential antibacterial lead molecule.
CYP2E1 Polymorphisms and Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Alkadhim Naji Bashar Abd , Thamir Mahdi Wijdan
Published: July 2021

Background: The hepatic cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) enzyme plays an important role in the metabolic activation of nitrosamines and other carcinogenic compounds. Aim of the study: To determine the effect of chemotherapy and radiation for colorectal cancer patients on some biochemical and molecular parameters. Patients and methods: The current study was conducted in the Department of Biology at the College of Science at the University of Al-Qadisiyah and in cooperation with the Cancer Center in the Najaf city and the Department of Medicine City in Baghdad, Iraq during the period from November 15, 2019, to May 6, 2020. The study group included a total of (90) samples were taken from males and females of ages ranged between (33 years to 80 years) and then it was divided into two groups. The first included (60) samples of people with colorectal cancer (CRC), and the second included (30) samples of people The healthy ones represented the control group. (5ml) of venous blood was withdrawn and the sample was divided into two groups, the first was placed in tubes containing an anti-clotting substance for molecular examination and kept at a temperature (-20) until use, and the other part was placed in Gel tube tubes and then placed in a centrifuge to separate Serum, for the purpose of biochemical examinations. With regard to the results of the values of oxidative stress indicators (SOD, GSH, MDA). Results: there was a significant difference in the level of (SOD, GSH) between the control and treatment groups, where the highest percentage was in the control group, followed by the radiotherapy group and then chemotherapy. The results showed a significant increase in the MDA value of the chemotherapy group compared with the radiotherapy and control group. The results of the molecular study to study the genotypes of the CYPIE2 gene showed that the C1/C1 type is the normal type for the CYPIE2 gene and that the ratio of this type did not show any significant difference between the groups, while the C2/C2 type showed no significant difference between the groups and the C2/C2 type. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the use of radiotherapy and chemotherapy to treat patients with CRC cancer has a clear effect on health and on many of the patient's physiological and biochemical indicators, and this, in turn, is reflected in the patient's ability to fight the disease.
Limiting energy consumption of the electric public transport: review of
methods and operational experience
Authors: Bartłomiejczyk Mikołaj
Published: July 2021

Transport jest jednym z głównych konsumentów energii. Rosnące ceny nośników
energii oraz wzrost zagrożeń ekologicznych czynią coraz bardziej istotnym ograniczanie
zużycia energii w sektorze transportowym. W artykule przedstawiono doświadczenia
w redukcji zużycia energii Przedsiębiorstwa Komunikacji Trolejbusowej
w Gdyni.
Oralidad o escritura del Ser: una función simbólica en Changó El Gran Putas
Authors: Conseil Malissa
Published: July 2021

El artículo empieza por evidenciar la intención del autor de legitimar la memoria de los invisibles para imponer un nuevo espacio en la historia oral, la descolonización del texto gracias al pensamiento propedéutico.
“Hagámonos contar”. Estrategia pedagógica para el fortalecimiento de las competencias comunicativas y el reconocimiento de valores locales en estudiantes de secundaria
Authors: Panza De la Hoz Sindy Judith
Published: July 2021

Hagámonos contar es una guía docente para abordar la lectura del texto Vean vé mis nanas negras de la escritora y narradora oral chocoana, Amalia Lú Posso Figueroa. La propuesta pedagógica tiene como eje unas actividades que permitan fortalecer las habilidades de estudiantes de secundaria (11 a 18 años) frente a las distintas manifestaciones orales de su entorno así como para ampliar su perspectiva acerca de la importancia de las mismas.
Entrevista realizada al profesor Gastón Salamanca
Authors: Gómez-Aliste Lizbeth Alejandra
Published: July 2021

El profesor Gastón Salamanca Gutiérrez es doctor en lingüística de la Universidad de Concepción en Chile. Ha publicado decenas de artículos relacionados con su área en estudios realizados en el país, con investigaciones novedosas y necesarias sobre el español hablado en Chile. No obstante, la mayoría de sus investigaciones se han centrado en el estudio de las lenguas vernáculas de Chile, centrándose en algunos idiomas como el mapundungún y el chedungún, entre otros. Es por ello, que lo hemos invitado para conversar sobre sus trabajos y sus pensamientos a cerca de estos y de la importancia que tienen en el área de la lingüística y la oralidad, en la formación de docentes y en la enseñanza de estos temas.
PERANCANGAN BRAND IDENTITY VCO BUNDO KANDUANG
Authors: Stefvany  , Fiandra Yosa
Published: July 2021

Perancangan ini memiliki tujuan untuk merancang sebuah Brand identity yang sesuai dengan ciri khas, efektif, dan berbeda dengankompetitor lain. Manfaat dari perancangan ini agar terciptanya Brand Identity VCO Bundo Kanduang sehingga lebih dikenal olehmasyarakat dan konsumen. Hasil analisa dan ilmu pengetahuan ini dapat dijadikan dokumen dan acuan referensi bagi perancang selanjutnyadalam berkarya. Metode penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan studi literatur dan penelitian dengan pendekatan kualitatif dengan tahap,observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Metode perancangan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan metode brainstorming.Diharapkan logo dan Brand Identity dapat menyasar kepada target audience secara tepat karena ditempatkan pada media-media yang cukupsering ditemui oleh target, dan perancangan tersebut nantinya bisa digunakan oleh perusahaan VCO Bundo Kanduang seperti penunjangmutu dan kualitas produk mereka dalam mempromosikan produk kepada konsumen.
Repostería fusión de autor, enfocada en las culturas de México y Tailandia
Authors: Dután Gabriela , Sempértegui Cristina , Toledo Daniel
Published: July 2021

Ante el crecimiento a gran escala de la restauración y el ánimo del gastrónomo por diferenciarse ante su clientela, este artículo presenta un diseño de propuestas gastronómicas creativas que fusionan postres de las culturas de México y Tailandia, intentando generar una propuesta que sorprenda al comensal con combinaciones de sabores armónicos y contrastados. 
Para ello se lleva a cabo un proceso de fusión en el que se genera la propuesta a partir de un esquema de cinco etapas para establecer un producto final. El proceso se inicia, así, por determinar los países involucrados en la fusión, analizando aspectos geográficos, históricos y culturales de los mismos. LLuego, se selecciona el tipo de fusión a aplicar y se delimita la forma de fusión enfocada a las características gastronómicas y culturales más representativas de los países en cuestión. Seguidamente, se plantea el concepto de fusión, generando una visión gastronómica de autor que represente dichos países. A continuación, se recopila información sobre técnicas, sabores e ingredientes de cada elaboración seleccionada y se contrastan estos elementos para generar una propuesta de elaboración. Como último paso, se aplican técnicas experimentales, a través de pruebas que permitan crear una versión final del plato fusión de autor. Así pues, bajo este esquema y proceso (que no dejan de seguir los presupuestos de una metodología de enfoque mixto) se realizaron con éxito varias propuestas gastronómicas de fusión, lo que demuestra la importancia de seguir dichas etapas de manera cronológica y ordenada. Finalmente, y como evidencia del trabajo realizado, constan los postres: Brownilandia y The Balls, expuestos el 1 de agosto del 2019, dentro del proyecto final de la asignatura Repostería fusión de autor, mediante un restaurante abierto para 30 personas.
Aspects cliniques et bactériologiques des méningites purulentes en zone rurale centrafricaine
Authors: Tekpa G , Gbangba Ngai E , Yangatimbi E , Kitakossi F , Mossoro-kpinde CD , Mbelesso P
Published: July 2021

Objectif : Décrire les aspects cliniques, bactériologiques et évolutifs des méningites purulentes en zone rurale.

Patient et méthode : Il s'agissait d'une étude rétrospective ayant concerné la période du 1er janvier 2011 au 30 septembre 2016, réalisée dans un service de pédiatrie et en médecine générale, dans un hôpital de district, au nord-ouest de la République centrafricaine (RCA). Etaient inclus dans l'étude, les malades présentant un syndrome méningé fébrile dont l'analyse du liquide céphalo-rachidien (LCR) montrait une prédominance des polynucléaires neutrophiles avec ou sans isolement d'une bactérie.

Résultats : Au total 375 malades ont été inclus dont 54,93% de sexe masculin soit un ratio de 1,2.  L'âge médian était de 4 ans [15 jours et 75 ans]. Les principaux signes cliniques étaient, la fièvre (93%), la raideur de la nuque (58%), les convulsions (41,81%) et une perte de connaissance (22,67%). Dans 84,26% des cas, le LCR était trouble ou purulent. Les principaux germes isolés étaient S. pneumoniae (51,82%), N. meningitidis (40,15%) et H. influenzae (7,30%). Les pathologies associées étaient le paludisme (60,53%) et l'infection à VIH (4,27%). Le taux de létalité était de 14,67%. Dans 9% des cas, les malades ont présenté des séquelles, essentiellement neurosensorielles.  

Conclusion : La méningite purulente est fréquente dans le nord centrafricain, se caractérisant par des manifestations cliniques polymorphes. Nos résultats suggèrent que devant tout épisode fébrile avec signes méningés une ponction lombaire devra être réalisée en urgence
Impact de la chimioprévention du paludisme saisonnier chez les enfants de 3 à 59 mois dans les districts sanitaires de Kangaba et de Kolokani entre 2013 à 2015
Authors: Oumar AA , BA M , Diallo D , Sanogo M , Ousmane FW , Diawara SI , Al Et.
Published: July 2021

Introduction : le paludisme est un problème majeur de santé publique au Mali. La chimio prévention saisonnier a une importance particulière d'où son instauration par l'OMS depuis 2012 chez les enfants de 3 à 59 mois à partir du début de la saison de transmission. Cette étude vise à démontrer l'impact de la CPS sur le paludisme dans les districts sanitaires de Kangaba et de Kolokani.

Matériels et Méthodes : Notre étude rétrospective a été réalisée de 2013 à 2015 dans les districts sanitaires de Kangaba et de Kolokani en utilisant les bases de données de l'ONG AMCP/ALIMA.  Les données de 2014 et 2015 ont été comparés à ceux de 2013.

Résultats : Le nombre de cas de paludisme chez les enfants de moins de 5 ans dans la zone couverte par la CPS montre une baisse considérable à Kangaba de 52% en 2014 et 49% en 2015, par rapport à la période de référence étant l'année 2013. A Kolokani la baisse est de 57% en 2014 et 40% en 2015 par rapport à 2013. Par rapport aux décès, une baisse de 50,5% a été enregistrée en 2014 et 60,4% en 2015 par rapport à 2013, soit respectivement 51 et 61 décès en moins comparé à 2013, dans les structures de santé.

Conclusion : La CPS avait permis une réduction de la mortalité importante et de la morbidité  palustre dans les deux districts sanitaires de Kangaba et de Kolokani.
Práticas de currículo em tempos de pandemia no território do Piemonte Norte do Itapicuru – Bahia
Authors: Rios Pedro Paulo Souza , Nascimento Laíse de Souza , Silva Thaynara Oliveira da
Published: July 2021

Considerando o atual contexto social em decorrência da pandemia do COVID-19, o presente estudo buscou analisar as práticas docente a partir do currículo estabelecido durante a pandemia, em três municípios do Território de Identidade do Piemonte Norte do Itapicuru, localizado no Semiárido da Bahia. A metodologia utilizada foi a pesquisa qualitativa, a partir do método (auto)biográfico e teve como instrumento de coleta de dados as entrevistas narrativas de três professoras da rede pública municipal. Compreendemos portanto, que em tempos de isolamento social, em decorrência da Pandemia ocasionada pela COVID-19, repensar os aspectos importantes para compor o currículo é crucial na construção do conhecimento. É importante ressaltar que o uso de tecnologias não é algo novo, contudo, na educação, não nunca foi tão necessária como na atual conjuntura, requerendo um plano de ação na perspectiva da formação continuada de professores/as.
Pengaruh Padat Tebar Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Kelangsungan Hidup Ikan Cupang (Betta sp.)
Authors: Sulistyo Adhi Ananda , Lestira Dhewantara Yudha
Published: July 2021

Hickey fish (Betta sp.) Is famous for its aggressive nature and habits of fighting with same-sex, so called fighting fish. Fish body color is colorful, so the appeal of the fans and hobbyists to collect it. Classic colors such as red, green, blue, gray, and combinations are common. New colors also appear from yellow, white, orange, to metallic colors such as copper, platinum, gold, and a combination thereof. The research was conducted from May to August 2017 at the aquaculture laboratory of Satya Negara Indonesia University (USNI), the test fish used was betta sp. (0.24) with an average length of 4 cm, kept in glass jar As many as 12 units. The results showed that the artemia to be fed with a ratio of 1: 1 can provide the most optimum effect in improving the brightness of betta fish. Parameter of survival rate, growth rate of weight, absolute long growth, analyzed using F test with 95% confidence interval. Data were analyzed using the help of Microsoft Excel 2010 and Minitab 16 software. Some parameters were discussed using descriptive analysis. The best stocking density on the maintenance of betta fish with 50% change of water occurred at density 3 tail / liter with value of SR 93,47%, LPS with value 0,72 ± 0,19 gram.
Kajian Ekologis Dalam Kaitannya Dengan AKtifitas Pariwisata di Taman Nasional Laut Bunaken, Provinsi Sulawesi Utara
Authors: Syafrie Hendrawan
Published: July 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji kondisi terumbu karang yang ada di Taman Nasional Bunaken dan mengaitkannya dengan aktivitas pariwisata. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kondisi ekologi di lokasi penelitian masih dalam kategori sangat baik meskipun menjadi lokasi pariwisata. Nilai tutupan terumbu karang berada dalam kisaran 91 %, jenis ikan demersal terdapat sekitar 91 jenis terbesar dari famili Pomacentridae dan Labridae. Adapun struktur komunitas lainnya berupa mangrove dan tumbuhan lamun juga ditemukan di lokasi penelitian. Status kawasan konservasi yang diberlakukan pemerintah sejak tahun 1991 juga membuat masyarakat di wilayah ini menjadi lebih memperhatikan kelestarian lingkungan laut.
Hubungan Menarche dengan Status Gizi pada Remaja Putri di SMP Negeri 2 Bolaang Kabupaten Bolaang Mongondo Induk
Authors: Zuriati Zuriati
Published: July 2021

Menarche that occurs in young women in the world today is closely related to the factors that influence. decreased age of menarche associated with nutritional status in adolescents. The goal to know the relationship of menarche with nutritional status in adolescents in SMP Negeri 2 Bolaang.
João Cabral e o flamenco ou a arte de fazer no extremo
Authors: De Siqueira Pedra Nylcéa Thereza
Published: July 2021

Nos anos vividos na Espanha, João Cabral se apropria das artes populares do país de maneira muito particular. O exercício de aproximação ao flamenco se faz por meio da experimentação de noites nos tablaos e nas cuevas, mas também pelo estudo meticuloso do poeta artífice, dando origem a uma série de poemas que relacionam esta arte popular espanhola à arte de compor versos. No presente artigo nos propomos a traçar as relações entre a arte flamenca e o seu eco nos poemas cabralinos. Mais do que temática, a presença do flamenco é a oportunidade de o poeta construir outro dos seus símiles.
Cinema drive-in para eventos durante a pandemia de COVID-19 em Jurerê Internacional, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina
Authors: Da Cruz Karina Martins , Jesus Giselli Ventura de , Rocha Isa De Oliveira
Published: July 2021

Com base na situação de pandemia do novo Coronavírus, o trabalho teve como objetivo analisar a implantação do cinema Drive-in em Jurerê Internacional (Florianópolis/SC) e os seus impactos no setor turístico. Para tanto, buscou-se categorias conceituais em Santos (2005, 2006 e 2013), estudos sobre o cinema, a economia do lazer e as suas imbricações com o desenvolvimento urbano. Inicialmente efetuou-se o resgate histórico do Drive-in, desde a sua gênese na década de 1930 nos Estados Unidos, em meio à crise econômica, chegando ao Brasil na década de 1970, durante o “Milagre Econômico”, e, mais recentemente, à capital catarinense por causa do colapso epidemiológico de 2020, como alternativa ao setor de eventos. Foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica e documental em jornais, dados vinculados ao setor turístico e medidas políticas nas esferas nacional, estaduais e locais. O bairro Jurerê Internacional é uma das localidades na Ilha que mais concentra a população de alta renda, além de estabelecimentos com conexões a outras metrópoles. Conclui-se que na atual conjuntura econômica do setor, o balneário é um dos pioneiros a buscar alternativas como o Drive Park, com o intuito de continuar a atrair o público de eventos do entretenimento noturno.
Onderwijs juridische beroepsethiek aan rechtenstudenten
Authors: Mackor Anne Ruth
Published: July 2021

Onderwijs juridische beroepsethiek aan rechtenstudenten; Special issue on Education in (Professional) Legal Ethics, Emanuel van Dongen & Jet Tigchelaar (eds.)

In dit artikel geeft de auteur haar visie op het onderwijs in beroepsethiek aan rechtenstudenten. Ze bespreekt de inhoud van de juridische beroepsethiek en enkele didactische aspecten. De auteur maakt onderscheid tussen rechtvaardigende perspectieven, die een explicatie en rechtvaardiging van een onderscheidende juridische beroepsethiek en -moraal mogelijk maken, en kritische perspectieven, die een kritische beoordeling van die rechtvaardigende verhalen mogelijk maken. Ze benadrukt daarbij het belang van empirische, in het bijzonder sociaal- en moraalpsychologische benaderingen in het onderwijs van beroepsethiek. Ze wijst op het feit dat studenten niet beschikken over relevante praktijkervaring en dat dit een obstakel vormt voor diepgaande casusanalyses. In de conclusie betoogt de auteur dat de belangstelling en de ruimte voor het onderwijs in beroepsethiek aan rechtenstudenten sinds het nieuwe millennium wel is toegenomen, maar dat meer systematische reflectie op deze vakken nodig is. Ook stelt ze dat bij het onderwijs in beroepsethiek aan rechtenstudenten die nog geen werkervaring hebben in een specifieke beroepspraktijk, de nadruk zou moeten liggen op thema’s die in de beroepsopleiding minder aandacht krijgen. Het accent moet meer liggen op het verwerven van ethische en empirische theoretische kennis en kritische reflectie op rechtvaardigende verhalen, en minder op discussie over concrete gevallen. Haar laatste aanbeveling is dat in het onderwijs niet alleen normatief-ethische theorieën aan de orde moeten komen, maar ook empirische inzichten over bounded ethicality.
Reading the world through the educational curriculum: The Social Sciences curriculum in Brazil in the context of the rise of conservatism
Authors: Oliveira Amurabi
Published: July 2021

In Brazil, the growing political polarization that culminated in the election of Jair Bolsonaro in 2018 consolidated a shift in educational policy that had already been pointed out in previous years, as demonstrated by the Nonpartisan school movement performance. In this article, we analyze the curriculum of human and social sciences in secondary education in Brazil from the Brazilian Learning Standards, and how that document reflects the rise of these conservative movements. On the one hand, it was observed that important categories for the social sciences, such as gender, were removed, thus removing the centrality of categories such as racism and social inequalities; on the other hand, there is a strong dispute over the meanings of other concepts, such as human rights. Both actions converge to fine-tune the human and social sciences curriculum with the guidelines of conservative movements in the educational field.
Wartość celna towarów
Authors: Czyżowicz Wiesław , Gwardzińska Ewa
Published: July 2021

Artykuł poświęcony jest problemom związanym z określaniem wartości celnej towarów importowanych, zgodnym z prawem celnym zarówno międzynarodowym, jak i unijnym. Na podstawie analizy oryginalnych dokumentów przedstawiono w ujęciu historycznym proces ujednolicania podejścia do ustalania wartości celnej na arenie międzynarodowej. W tym procesie szczególną rolę odegrali Układ ogólny w sprawie taryf celnych i handlu1 oraz Światowa Organizacja Handlu2. Opisano także podejście do ustalania wartości celnej w unijnym prawodawstwie celnym oraz wskazano elementy definicji wartości transakcyjnej, przysparzające najwięcej problemów w praktyce. Przeanalizowano zaktualizowane w 2020 r. wytyczne Komisji Europejskiej (KE) w sprawie ustalania wartości celnej3 oraz omówiono przewidywane skutki ich stosowania. W artykule przedstawiono również wyniki publicznych konsultacji KE w sprawie ustanowienia podstaw prawnych dla wiążących informacji o wartości celnej towarów (WIWC) oraz stan zaawansowania prac nad przygotowaniem odpowiednich przepisów. Scharakteryzowano decyzję WIWC na tle już istniejących decyzji w sprawie wiążących informacji taryfowych (WIT) oraz w sprawie wiążących informacji o pochodzeniu (WIP).
Prowadzenie działalności gospodarczej w formie spółki
komandytowej oraz spółki jawnej – aspekty prawne
i podatkowe (cz. 3)
Authors: Sobiech Agnieszka , Sobiech Maciej
Published: July 2021

W drugiej części artykułu1 omówiono aspekty prawne i podatkowe prowadzenia działalności gospodarczej w formie
spółki jawnej i komandytowej.
Ustawa z dnia 15 lutego 1992 r. o podatku dochodowym od osób prawnych2 od dnia 1 stycznia 2021 r. ma rozszerzony
zakres podmiotowy3. Zgodnie z treścią art. 1 ust. 3 tej ustawy jej przepisy mają zastosowanie również do
spółek komandytowych oraz niektórych spółek jawnych. Wprowadzone zmiany spowodowały, że na gruncie podatku
dochodowego od osób prawnych zrównała się sytuacja spółek komandytowych oraz niektórych spółek
jawnych objętych zakresem przywołanej ustawy z sytuacją innych spółek objętych tym podatkiem (przede wszystkim
spółek kapitałowych).
Nowe rozwiązania sprawią, że dochody osiągane przez spółki komandytowe oraz spółki jawne nie będą już de iure
transparentne dla podatku dochodowego na poziomie spółki. W tych przypadkach, kiedy ustawa z dnia 15 lutego
1992 r. czyni spółkę podatnikiem, od osiągniętego dochodu spółka będzie płacić podatek dochodowy od osób
prawnych – w zależności od dokonanego przez spółkę wyboru – od dnia 1 stycznia 2021 r. albo od dnia 1 maja
2021 r. Podstawowa wysokość stawki podatku dochodowego to 19% od osiągniętego dochodu. Jeżeli spółka
komandytowa bądź spółka jawna będzie mogła zostać uznana za tzw. małego podatnika, stawka ta wyniesie 9%.
W konsekwencji dochód osiągany z działalności spółek jawnych objętych zakresem ustawy z dnia 15 lutego 1992 r.
będzie podwójnie opodatkowany – raz na poziomie spółki, a nastę pnie na poziomie wspólników.
Powyższe zmiany podatkowe są dobrą okazją do refleksji, czy spółka komandytowa bądź spółka jawna, w jej dotychczasowym
kształcie, uwzględniając cele i uwarunkowania poszczególnych wspólników, jest optymalną formą
prowadzenia działalności gospodarczej. W niniejszym opracowaniu przedstawiono zasady opodatkowania dochodów
osiąganych przez spółki jawne i komandytowe w aktualnym stanie prawnym oraz podstawowe założenia
związane z tworzeniem i funkcjonowaniem spółki jawnej i komandytowej, przyjęte w prawie handlowym.
Corona-Krise – Stresstest für die Mitbestimmung
Authors: Behruzi Daniel , Brinkmann Ulrich , Paulitz Tanja
Published: July 2021

Die Corona-Pandemie legt in allen Bereichen von Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft bestehende Stärken, vor allem aber systemische Schwächen offen. Das gilt auch für die betriebliche Mitbestimmung. In vielen Betrieben werden kollektive und individuelle Beschäftigtenrechte offen missachtet – teilweise aufgrund von Überforderung des Managements (und der Interessenvertretungen), teilweise mit strategischer Absicht. Das Regime der „Notverordnungen“ der betrieblichen Exekutivgewalt geht in einigen Fällen so weit, dass Geschäftsführungen den Mitarbeitervertretungen, Betriebs- oder Personalräten „Generalvollmachten“ zur Unterschrift vorlegen, mit denen diese auf sämtliche Mitbestimmungsrechte verzichten sollen. Ob die Kollektivrechte derart infrage gestellt werden, hängt stark von der zuvor bestehenden betrieblichen Mitbestimmungskultur ab. Weitere entscheidende Faktoren dafür, ob die Mitbestimmung den pandemischen Stresstest besteht, sind die Durchsetzungsfähigkeit der Beschäftigtenvertretung sowie ihre gewerkschaftliche Anbindung und die Organisationsmacht der Belegschaft. Weniger stark fallen den Ergebnissen zufolge Faktoren wie Betriebsgröße, Trägerschaft und das jeweils geltende Mitbestimmungsrecht ins Gewicht.
Zur Zuständigkeitsordnung in der Pandemiebekämpfung
Authors: Mehde Veith
Published: July 2021

Die Corona-Pandemie hat den deutschen Exekutivföderalismus vor eine Herausforderung von bis dahin unbekannter Größenordnung gestellt. Die im Grundgesetz, zum Teil aber auch im einfachen Recht ausgestaltete Zuständigkeitsordnung hat dazu geführt, dass bei aller Komplexität im Grundsatz nie in Zweifel war, wer sich einer bestimmten Aufgabe anzunehmen hatte. Umso bemerkenswerter ist es, dass während der Pandemie die so etablierte Anordnung zum Teil verändert wurde. Dabei spielen auf Freiwilligkeit beruhende neue institutionelle Designs eine große Rolle.
Zwischen Krisenmanagement und New Normal: Wie sich die Corona-Pandemie auf die Verwaltung auswirkt
Authors: Köppl Carsten , Fulde Michael
Published: July 2021

Im Dezember 2020 legte Next:Public die Studie „Verwaltung in Krisenzeiten“ vor. Mit 4.800 befragten Verwaltungsmitarbeiter:innen, 5.000 befragten Bürger:innen und 25 qualitativen Gesprächen ist die Studie eine der umfassendsten Bestandsaufnahmen der Auswirkungen der Corona-Pandemie auf den Öffentlichen Dienst. Die Befragung zeigt, wie flexibel der Öffentliche Dienst auf die Anforderungen der Pandemie reagierte: Noch nie zuvor arbeiteten so viele Verwaltungsbeschäftigte vom Homeoffice aus. Es wurden aber auch Herausforderungen deutlich, denn viele Beschäftigte mussten dennoch täglich zur Arbeit, Videokonferenzen waren vielfach nicht möglich, informelle Kommunikation fand keinen Platz mehr. Auf Seiten der Bürger führte die Pandemie zu einer stärkeren Nutzung der Online-Dienste der Verwaltung, jedoch waren viele mit dem Nutzererlebnis unzufrieden. Neben der Digitalisierung der Verwaltungsdienstleistungen braucht es einen „DigitalPakt Verwaltung“, der Behördenmitarbeiter:innen digital befähigt, denn mobiles Arbeiten wird das „New Normal“.
"Denn nur das Einzelne ist wirklich"
Authors: Düwell Susanne
Published: July 2021

By combining the perspectives of discourse, media and literary history, this book shows that awareness of the category of individuality, and therefore the emergence of modern case law thinking, was only generated at the end of the 18th century through the publication of collections of cases in journals. With recourse to Fleck’s concept of journal theory, this book examines this medium as the agency that organised the case material and that corresponded to the genre of case reports because of its heterogeneity, provisional nature and discursiveness. Analysing case reports in the context of their publication in periodicals highlights that cases should not be regarded as isolated individual texts, but that their forms and functions can only be understood if they are examined within an intertextual framework of series of images, further processing and discussions. This book classes authors and psychologists such as Herz, Moritz, Wezel, Hoffbauer, Reil, Maimon, Trapp, Bendavid, Conz or Müllner as being part of a culture of debate which overrides networks of journals. Furthermore, there is not only a connection between collections of cases and literary discourse in terms of their overlapping themes, but also through their adaptation of literary forms of narration in the construction of cases.
HSPs under Abiotic Stresses
Authors: ul Haq Noor , N. Shakeel Samina
Published: July 2021

Different organisms respond to the altered environmental conditions by different ways. Heat shock proteins’ (HSPs) production is one among the different defense mechanisms which defend the photosystem II and thylokoid membrane in plants. There are different types of HSPs based on their size, that is, high molecular weight (60–100 kDa) and low molecular weight heat shock proteins (15–30 kDa). Small HSPs are further classified based on their localization and role in different sub-cellular organelles. Cp-sHSPs are the chloroplast-specific small HSPs that protect the photosystem II and thylokoid membrane. A model to control the Cp-sHSPs in Chenopodium album has been put forward in this chapter. According to this model, Cp-sHSPs of Chenopodium album are created in cytoplasm and are moved toward chloroplast. The transit peptide is removed on reaching to the target sub-cellular organelle, that is, chloroplast and the premature Cp-sHSPs are converted into mature ones which have multiple roles under different abiotic stress conditions.