bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Corrupted coordination of epigenetic modifications leads to diverging chromatin states and transcriptional heterogeneity in CLL
Authors: Pastore Alessandro , Gaiti Federico , Lu Sydney X. , Brand Ryan M. , Kulm Scott , Chaligne Ronan , Gu Hongcang , Huang Kevin Y. , Stamenova Elena K. , Béguelin Wendy , Jiang Yanwen , Schulman Rafael C. , Kim Kyu-Tae , Alonso Alicia , Allan John N. , Furman Richard R. , Gnirke Andreas , Wu Catherine J. , Melnick Ari M. , Meissner Alexander , Bernstein Bradley E. , Abdel-Wahab Omar , Landau Dan A.
Published: April 2019

Cancer evolution is fueled by epigenetic as well as genetic diversity. In chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), intra-tumoral DNA methylation (DNAme) heterogeneity empowers evolution. Here, to comprehensively study the epigenetic dimension of cancer evolution, we integrate DNAme analysis with histone modification mapping and single cell analyses of RNA expression and DNAme in 22 primary CLL and 13 healthy donor B lymphocyte samples. Our data reveal corrupted coherence across different layers of the CLL epigenome. This manifests in decreased mutual information across epigenetic modifications and gene expression attributed to cell-to-cell heterogeneity. Disrupted epigenetic-transcriptional coordination in CLL is also reflected in the dysregulation of the transcriptional output as a function of the combinatorial chromatin states, including incomplete Polycomb-mediated gene silencing. Notably, we observe unexpected co-mapping of typically mutually exclusive activating and repressing histone modifications, suggestive of intra-tumoral epigenetic diversity. Thus, CLL epigenetic diversification leads to decreased coordination across layers of epigenetic information, likely reflecting an admixture of cells with diverging cellular identities.
Artificial cell membrane binding thrombin constructs drive in situ fibrin hydrogel formation
Authors: Deller Robert C. , Richardson Thomas , Richardson Rebecca , Bevan Laura , Zampetakis Ioannis , Scarpa Fabrizio , Perriman Adam W.
Published: April 2019

Cell membrane re-engineering is emerging as a powerful tool for the development of next generation cell therapies, as it allows the user to augment therapeutic cells to provide additional functionalities, such as homing, adhesion or hypoxia resistance. To date, however, there are few examples where the plasma membrane is re-engineered to display active enzymes that promote extracellular matrix protein assembly. Here, we report on a self-contained matrix-forming system where the membrane of human mesenchymal stem cells is modified to display a novel thrombin construct, giving rise to spontaneous fibrin hydrogel nucleation and growth at near human plasma concentrations of fibrinogen. The cell membrane modification process is realised through the synthesis of a membrane-binding supercationic thrombin-polymer surfactant complex. Significantly, the resulting robust cellular fibrin hydrogel constructs can be differentiated down osteogenic and adipogenic lineages, giving rise to self-supporting monoliths that exhibit Young’s moduli that reflect their respective extracellular matrix compositions.
Enhanced future changes in wet and dry extremes over Africa at convection-permitting scale
Authors: Kendon Elizabeth J. , Stratton Rachel A. , Tucker Simon , Marsham John H. , Berthou Ségolène , Rowell David P. , Senior Catherine A.
Published: April 2019

African society is particularly vulnerable to climate change. The representation of convection in climate models has so far restricted our ability to accurately simulate African weather extremes, limiting climate change predictions. Here we show results from climate change experiments with a convection-permitting (4.5 km grid-spacing) model, for the first time over an Africa-wide domain (CP4A). The model realistically captures hourly rainfall characteristics, unlike coarser resolution models. CP4A shows greater future increases in extreme 3-hourly precipitation compared to a convection-parameterised 25 km model (R25). CP4A also shows future increases in dry spell length during the wet season over western and central Africa, weaker or not apparent in R25. These differences relate to the more realistic representation of convection in CP4A, and its response to increasing atmospheric moisture and stability. We conclude that, with the more accurate representation of convection, projected changes in both wet and dry extremes over Africa may be more severe.
High-order elastic multipoles as colloidal atoms
Authors: Senyuk Bohdan , Aplinc Jure , Ravnik Miha , Smalyukh Ivan I.
Published: April 2019

Achieving and exceeding diversity of colloidal analogs of chemical elements and molecules as building blocks of matter has been the central goal and challenge of colloidal science ever since Einstein introduced the colloidal atom paradigm. Recent advances in colloids assembly have been achieved by exploiting the machinery of DNA hybridization but robust physical means of defining colloidal elements remain limited. Here we introduce physical design principles allowing us to define high-order elastic multipoles emerging when colloids with controlled shapes and surface alignment are introduced into a nematic host fluid. Combination of experiments and numerical modeling of equilibrium field configurations using a spherical harmonic expansion allow us to probe elastic multipole moments, bringing analogies with electromagnetism and a structure of atomic orbitals. We show that, at least in view of the symmetry of the “director wiggle wave functions,” diversity of elastic colloidal atoms can far exceed that of known chemical elements.
A gas-plastic elastomer that quickly self-heals damage with the aid of CO2 gas
Authors: Miwa Yohei , Taira Kenjiro , Kurachi Junosuke , Udagawa Taro , Kutsumizu Shoichi
Published: April 2019

Self-healing materials are highly desirable because they allow products to maintain their performance. Typical stimuli used for self-healing are heat and light, despite being unsuitable for materials used in certain products as heat can damage other components, and light cannot reach materials located within a product or device. To address these issues, here we show a gas-plastic elastomer with an ionically crosslinked silicone network that quickly self-heals damage in the presence of CO2 gas at normal pressures and room temperature. While a strong elastomer generally exhibits slow self-healing properties, CO2 effectively softened ionic crosslinks in the proposed elastomer, and network rearrangement was promoted. Consequently, self-healing was dramatically accelerated by ~10-fold. Moreover, self-healing was achieved even at −20 °C in the presence of CO2 and the original mechanical strength was quickly re-established during the exchange of CO2 with air.
Dramatic differences in carbon dioxide adsorption and initial steps of reduction between silver and copper
Authors: Ye Yifan , Yang Hao , Qian Jin , Su Hongyang , Lee Kyung-Jae , Cheng Tao , Xiao Hai , Yano Junko , Goddard William A. , Crumlin Ethan J.
Published: April 2019

Converting carbon dioxide (CO2) into liquid fuels and synthesis gas is a world-wide priority. But there is no experimental information on the initial atomic level events for CO2 electroreduction on the metal catalysts to provide the basis for developing improved catalysts. Here we combine ambient pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy with quantum mechanics to examine the processes as Ag is exposed to CO2 both alone and in the presence of H2O at 298 K. We find that CO2 reacts with surface O on Ag to form a chemisorbed species (O = CO2δ−). Adding H2O and CO2 then leads to up to four water attaching on O = CO2δ− and two water attaching on chemisorbed (b-)CO2. On Ag we find a much more favorable mechanism involving the O = CO2δ− compared to that involving b-CO2 on Cu. Each metal surface modifies the gas-catalyst interactions, providing a basis for tuning CO2 adsorption behavior to facilitate selective product formations.
A survival selection strategy for engineering synthetic binding proteins that specifically recognize post-translationally phosphorylated proteins
Authors: Meksiriporn Bunyarit , Ludwicki Morgan B. , Stephens Erin A. , Jiang Allen , Lee Hyeon-Cheol , Waraho-Zhmayev Dujduan , Kummer Lutz , Brandl Fabian , Plückthun Andreas , DeLisa Matthew P.
Published: April 2019

There is an urgent need for affinity reagents that target phospho-modified sites on individual proteins; however, generating such reagents remains a significant challenge. Here, we describe a genetic selection strategy for routine laboratory isolation of phospho-specific designed ankyrin repeat proteins (DARPins) by linking in vivo affinity capture of a phosphorylated target protein with antibiotic resistance of Escherichia coli cells. The assay is validated using an existing panel of DARPins that selectively bind the nonphosphorylated (inactive) form of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2 (ERK2) or its doubly phosphorylated (active) form (pERK2). We then use the selection to affinity-mature a phospho-specific DARPin without compromising its selectivity for pERK2 over ERK2 and to reprogram the substrate specificity of the same DARPin towards non-cognate ERK2. Collectively, these results establish our genetic selection as a useful and potentially generalizable protein engineering tool for studying phospho-specific binding proteins and customizing their affinity and selectivity.
Acceleration of dolomitization by zinc in saline waters
Authors: Vandeginste Veerle , Snell Oliver , Hall Matthew R. , Steer Elisabeth , Vandeginste Arne
Published: April 2019

Dolomite (CaMg(CO3)2) plays a key role in the global carbon cycle. Yet, the chemical mechanisms that catalyze its formation remain an enigma. Here, using batch reactor experiments, we demonstrate an unexpected acceleration of dolomite formation by zinc in saline fluids, reflecting a not uncommon spatial association of dolomite with Mississippi Valley-type ores. The acceleration correlates with dissolved zinc concentration, irrespective of the zinc source tested (ZnCl2 and ZnO). Moreover, the addition of dissolved zinc counteracts the inhibiting effect of dissolved sulfate on dolomite formation. Integration with previous studies enables us to develop an understanding of the dolomitization pathway. Our findings suggest that the fluids’ high ionic strength and zinc complexation facilitate magnesium ion dehydration, resulting in a dramatic decrease in induction time. This study establishes a previously unrecognized role of zinc in dolomite formation, and may help explain the changes in dolomite abundance through geological time.
Nanoprinting organic molecules at the quantum level
Authors: Hail Claudio U. , Höller Christian , Matsuzaki Korenobu , Rohner Patrik , Renger Jan , Sandoghdar Vahid , Poulikakos Dimos , Eghlidi Hadi
Published: April 2019

Organic compounds present a powerful platform for nanotechnological applications. In particular, molecules suitable for optical functionalities such as single photon generation and energy transfer have great promise for complex nanophotonic circuitry due to their large variety of spectral properties, efficient absorption and emission, and ease of synthesis. Optimal integration, however, calls for control over position and orientation of individual molecules. While various methods have been explored for reaching this regime in the past, none satisfies requirements necessary for practical applications. Here, we present direct non-contact electrohydrodynamic nanoprinting of a countable number of photostable and oriented molecules in a nanocrystal host with subwavelength positioning accuracy. We demonstrate the power of our approach by writing arbitrary patterns and controlled coupling of single molecules to the near field of optical nanostructures. Placement precision, high yield and fabrication facility of our method open many doors for the realization of novel nanophotonic devices.
SIRT3 mediates hippocampal synaptic adaptations to intermittent fasting and ameliorates deficits in APP mutant mice
Authors: Liu Yong , Cheng Aiwu , Li Yu-Jiao , Yang Ying , Kishimoto Yuki , Zhang Shi , Wang Yue , Wan Ruiqian , Raefsky Sophia M. , Lu Daoyuan , Saito Takashi , Saido Takaomi , Zhu Jian , Wu Long-Jun , Mattson Mark P.
Published: April 2019

Intermittent food deprivation (fasting, IF) improves mood and cognition and protects neurons against excitotoxic degeneration in animal models of epilepsy and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The mechanisms by which neuronal networks adapt to IF and how such adaptations impact neuropathological processes are unknown. We show that hippocampal neuronal networks adapt to IF by enhancing GABAergic tone, which is associated with reduced anxiety-like behaviors and improved hippocampus-dependent memory. These neuronal network and behavioral adaptations require the mitochondrial protein deacetylase SIRT3 as they are abolished in SIRT3-deficient mice and wild type mice in which SIRT3 is selectively depleted from hippocampal neurons. In the AppNL-G-F mouse model of AD, IF reduces neuronal network hyperexcitability and ameliorates deficits in hippocampal synaptic plasticity in a SIRT3-dependent manner. These findings demonstrate a role for a mitochondrial protein deacetylase in hippocampal neurons in behavioral and GABAergic synaptic adaptations to IF.
Characterizing pre-transplant and post-transplant kidney rejection risk by B cell immune repertoire sequencing
Authors: Pineda Silvia , Sigdel Tara K. , Liberto Juliane M. , Vincenti Flavio , Sirota Marina , Sarwal Minnie M.
Published: April 2019

Studying immune repertoire in the context of organ transplant provides important information on how adaptive immunity may contribute and modulate graft rejection. Here we characterize the peripheral blood immune repertoire of individuals before and after kidney transplant using B cell receptor sequencing in a longitudinal clinical study. Individuals who develop rejection after transplantation have a more diverse immune repertoire before transplant, suggesting a predisposition for post-transplant rejection risk. Additionally, over 2 years of follow-up, patients who develop rejection demonstrate a specific set of expanded clones that persist after the rejection. While there is an overall reduction of peripheral B cell diversity, likely due to increased general immunosuppression exposure in this cohort, the detection of specific IGHV gene usage across all rejecting patients supports that a common pool of immunogenic antigens may drive post-transplant rejection. Our findings may have clinical implications for the prediction and clinical management of kidney transplant rejection.
Binary tree-inspired digital dendrimer
Authors: Huang Zhihao , Shi Qiunan , Guo Jiang , Meng Fanying , Zhang Yajie , Lu Yutong , Qian Zhuangfei , Li Xiaopeng , Zhou Nianchen , Zhang Zhengbiao , Zhu Xiulin
Published: April 2019

Digital polymers with precisely ordered units acting as the coded 0- or 1-bit, are introduced as a promising option for molecular data storage. However, the pursuit of better performance in terms of high storage capacity and useful functions never stops. Herein, we propose a concept of an information-coded 2D digital dendrimer. The divergent growth via thiol-maleimide Michael coupling allows precise arrangements of the 0- and 1-bits in the uniform dendrimers. A protocol for calculating the storage capacity of non-linear binary digital dendrimer is established based on data matrix barcode, generated by the tandem mass spectrometry decoding and encryption. Furthermore, the generated data matrix barcode can be read by a common hand-held device to cater the applications such as item identification, traceability and anticouterfeiting purpose. This work demonstrates the high data storage capacity of a uniform dendrimer and uncovers good opportunities for the digital polymers.
Loading a quantum-dot based “Qubyte” register
Authors: Volk C. , Zwerver A. M. J. , Mukhopadhyay U. , Eendebak P. T. , van Diepen C. J. , Dehollain J. P. , Hensgens T. , Fujita T. , Reichl C. , Wegscheider W. , Vandersypen L. M. K.
Published: April 2019

Electrostatically defined quantum dot arrays offer a compelling platform for quantum computation and simulation. However, tuning up such arrays with existing techniques becomes impractical when going beyond a handful of quantum dots. Here, we present a method for systematically adding quantum dots to an array one dot at a time, in such a way that the number of electrons on previously formed dots is unaffected. The method allows individual control of the number of electrons on each of the dots, as well as of the interdot tunnel rates. We use this technique to tune up a linear array of eight GaAs quantum dots such that they are occupied by one electron each. This new method overcomes a critical bottleneck in scaling up quantum-dot based qubit registers.
Long-Term Efficacy and Safety of Evocalcet in Japanese Patients with Secondary Hyperparathyroidism Receiving Hemodialysis
Authors: Yokoyama Keitaro , Shimazaki Ryutaro , Fukagawa Masafumi , Akizawa Tadao ,   On behalf of Evocalcet Study Group, Maeda Yoshitaka , Ueki Kazue , Fujii Takayuki , Miyazaki Ryoichi , Azekura Hisanori , Kasuga Hirotake , Tomiyoshi Yoshiyuki , Shinzato Takeaki , Iwashita Ryuji , Takada Kenji , Suda Akio , Nagaoka Takashi , Yoshimoto Mitsuru , Taniguchi Masatomo , Ogawa Hiroshi
Published: April 2019

Secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) is a common complication of chronic kidney disease (CKD), and as the disease progresses SHPT is associated with systemic consequences, termed CKD-mineral and bone disorder. Currently, cinacalcet is indicated for the treatment of SHPT; however, cinacalcet is associated with upper gastrointestinal adverse events. Evocalcet has been developed to address these issues, but the long-term safety and efficacy of evocalcet need to be evaluated. To more accurately reflect clinical practice, this phase 3, multicenter, open-label study was specifically designed without a cinacalcet washout period, and focused on those patients who switched from cinacalcet to evocalcet. A total of 137 SHPT patients undergoing hemodialysis were enrolled, of whom 113 switched from cinacalcet to evocalcet. The most frequent type of adverse drug reaction was decreased adjusted calcium. The incidence of gastrointestinal-related adverse events did not increase in a dose-dependent manner as the dose of evocalcet was increased. The percentage of patients achieving the target intact parathyroid hormone concentration increased from 40.9% to 72.3% with 52-week treatment. The corrected serum calcium and phosphorus levels remained largely unchanged throughout the study. The long-term safety and efficacy of evocalcet was confirmed using a clinically relevant intra-subject dose-adjustment strategy in SHPT patients undergoing hemodialysis.
A biosensor capable of identifying low quantities of breast cancer cells by electrical impedance spectroscopy
Authors: Huerta-Nuñez L. F. E. , Gutierrez-Iglesias G. , Martinez-Cuazitl A. , Mata-Miranda M. M. , Alvarez-Jiménez V. D. , Sánchez-Monroy V. , Golberg Alexander , González-Díaz C. A.
Published: April 2019

Breast cancer (BC) is a malignant disease with a high prevalence worldwide. The main cause of death is not the primary tumor, but instead the spread of tumor cells to distant sites. The aim of the present study was to examine a new method for the detection of cancer cells in aqueous medium using bioimpedance spectroscopy assisted with magnetic nanoparticles (MNP’s) exposure to a constant magnetic field. The spectroscopic patterns were identified for three breast cancer cell lines. Each BC cell line represents a different pathologic stage: the early stage (MCF-7), invasive phase (MDA-MB-231) and metastasis (SK-BR-3). For this purpose, bioimpedance measurements were carried out at a certain frequency range with the aid of nanoprobes, consisting of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) coupled to a monoclonal antibody. The antibody was specific for the predominant cell surface protein for each cell line, which was identified by using RT-qPCR and flow cytometry. Accordingly, EpCAM corresponds to MCF-7, MUC-1 to MDA-MB-231, and HER-2 to SK-BR-3. Despite their low concentrations, BC cells could be detected by impedance spectroscopy. Hence, this methodology should permit the monitoring of circulating tumor cells (CTC) and therefore help to prevent recurrences and metastatic processes during BC treatment.
Retention of beneficial molecules and coagulation factors during haemodialysis and haemodiafiltration
Authors: Voigt Manuel , Gebert Michael , Haug Ulrike , Hulko Michael , Storr Markus , Boschetti-de-Fierro Adriana , Beck Werner , Krause Bernd
Published: April 2019

Middle molecules (MMs) are associated with the pathology of uraemia, and are not effectively removed by standard extracorporeal treatments. Increased convection used in haemodiafiltration (HDF) can enhance the removal of MMs; however, high-volume HDF is not available to all patients. The new medium cut-off (MCO) membrane has been developed to allow increased removal of MMs using standard haemodialysis (HD). Improved removal of MMs has been shown with the MCO membrane compared with standard high-flux dialysers, but it is not known whether the increased pore size affects the retention of commonly used medications or that of coagulation factors in dialysis patients. Using an in vitro model, the retention of erythropoietin, heparin, insulin, vancomycin and several coagulation factors (Factors II, VII and X, protein C and antithrombin III) was investigated with the MCO membrane dialyser, compared with high-flux dialysers with polysulfone (in HDF) or polyethersulfone membranes (in HD and HDF). The retention of all molecules investigated was comparable between the MCO membrane and the high-flux dialysers. Results from the in vitro studies suggest that switching from a high-flux dialyser to the MCO membrane should not require changes to the medication dosing or anti-coagulation protocols of dialysis patients.
A novel wireless brain stimulation device for long-term use in freely moving mice
Authors: Alpaugh Melanie , Saint-Pierre Martine , Dubois Marilyn , Aubé Benoit , Arsenault Dany , Kriz Jasna , Cicchetti Antonio , Cicchetti Francesca
Published: April 2019

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) has been used in clinical settings for many years despite a paucity of knowledge related to the anatomical and functional substrates that lead to benefits and/or side-effects in various disease contexts. In order to maximize the potential of this approach in humans, a better understanding of its mechanisms of action is absolutely necessary. However, the existing micro-stimulators available for pre-clinical models, are limited by the lack of relevant small size devices. This absence prevents sustained chronic stimulation and real time monitoring of animals during stimulation, parameters that are critical for comparison to clinical findings. We therefore sought to develop and refine a novel small wireless micro-stimulator as a means by which to study consequent behavioural to molecular changes in experimental animals. Building on previous work from our group, we refined our implantable micro-stimulator prototype, to be easily combined with intravital 2-photon imaging. Using our prototype we were able to replicate the well described clinical benefits on motor impairment in a mouse model of Parkinson’s disease in addition to capturing microglia dynamics live during stimulation. We believe this new device represents a useful tool for performing pre-clinical studies as well as dissecting brain circuitry and function.
Non-destructive quantitation of hydrogen via mass-resolved neutron spectroscopy
Authors: Krzystyniak Maciej , Romanelli Giovanni , Fernandez-Alonso Felix
Published: April 2019

Non-destructive quantitation via mass-resolved neutron spectroscopy yields the LOD and LOQ for H detection of 38.4 and 128 mmol cm−2, respectively.
Two-color studies of CH3Br excitation dynamics with MPI and slice imaging
Authors: Hafliðason Arnar , Glodic Pavle , Koumarianou Greta , Samartzis Peter C. , Kvaran Ágúst
Published: April 2019

Multiphoton-fragmentation processes for CH3Br determined by two-color, pump and probe experiments with mass-resolved-multiphoton-ionization (MR-MPI) and slice imaging.
Spin wave collimation using a flat metasurface
Authors: Zelent M. , Mailyan M. , Vashistha V. , Gruszecki P. , Gorobets O. Y. , Gorobets Y. I. , Krawczyk M.
Published: April 2019

In this paper, we show that the phase shift of spin waves propagating in the plane of the film can be controlled by a metasurface formed by an ultra-narrow non-magnetic spacer separating edges of the two thin ferromagnetic films. We used this approach to demonstrate numerically the metalens for spin waves.
A near-infrared Nile red fluorescent probe for the discrimination of biothiols by dual-channel response and its bioimaging applications in living cells and animals
Authors: Lan Jin-Shuai , Zeng Rui-Feng , Liu Yun , Xiang Yan-Wei , Jiang Xiao-yi , Liu Li , Xie Sai-Sai , Ding Yue , Zhang Tong
Published: April 2019

Biothiols, including cysteine (Cys), homocysteine (Hcy), glutathione (GSH) and H2S, play important roles in human physiological processes.
The facile and visualizable identification of broad-spectrum inhibitors of MDM2/p53 using co-expressed protein complexes
Authors: Yang Yang , Dong Zhiqiang , Hu Hongze , Peng Junhui , Sheng Yaping , Tong Yang , Yuan Siming , Li Zigang , Yang Jiaxiang , Wells Thomas , Qu Yun , Farrell Nicholas P. , Liu Yangzhong
Published: April 2019

This work provides a facile approach for the visualizable identification of inhibitors of MDM2; two novel types of MDM2 inhibitors were identified using this platform.
Systematic truncating of aptamers to create high-performance graphene oxide (GO)-based aptasensors for the multiplex detection of mycotoxins
Authors: Wang Xinglin , Gao Xiaoyi , He Jiale , Hu Xiaochen , Li Yunchao , Li Xiaohong , Fan Louzhen , Yu Hua-Zhong
Published: April 2019

An aptamer-truncating strategy was utilized to create high-performance GO-based aptasensors for detection of multiple mycotoxins.
Novel Schiff base-functionalized metal–organic framework nanoparticles for dispersive solid phase extraction of copper ions from vegetable and water samples
Authors: Mohammadi Nilash Mohammadreza , Hashemzadeh Alireza , Fakhari Ali Reza , Amini Mostafa M.
Published: April 2019

In this study, a novel method for the extraction of Cu(ii) using ligand-functionalized MOF nanoparticles is described.
Tunable regulatory activities of 1,10-phenanthroline derivatives towards acid sphingomyelinase and Zn(ii)–amyloid-β
Authors: Yi Yelim , Han Jiyeon , Park Min Hee , Park Nahye , Nam Eunju , Jin Hee Kyung , Bae Jae-sung , Lim Mi Hee
Published: April 2019

A novel series of 1,10-phenanthroline (phen) derivatives capable of regulating acid sphingomyelinase, Zn(ii)-bound amyloid-β, or both was rationally designed.
A gold–selenium-bonded nanoprobe for real-timein situimaging of the upstream and downstream relationship between uPA and MMP-9 in cancer cells
Authors: Luan Mingming , Shi Mingwan , Pan Wei , Li Na , Tang Bo
Published: April 2019

A novel Au–Se nanoprobe with remarkable anti-interference ability for glutathione was developed for real-timein situmonitoring of the upstream and downstream regulatory relationship between uPA and MMP-9 proteins in the pathway.
Seleno-analogues of pentlandites (Fe4.5Ni4.5S8−YSeY, Y = 1–6): tuning bulk Fe/Ni sulphoselenides for hydrogen evolution
Authors: Smialkowski Mathias , Siegmund Daniel , Pellumbi Kevinjeorjios , Hensgen Lars , Antoni Hendrik , Muhler Martin , Apfel Ulf-Peter
Published: April 2019

A series of hitherto unprecedented seleno-pentlandites (Fe4.5Ni4.5S8-YSeY) and their catalytic activity in the hydrogen evolution reaction is presented.
LPE growth and study of the Ce3+ incorporation in LuAlO3:Ce single crystalline film scintillators
Authors: Buryi M. , Laguta V. , Nikl M. , Gorbenko V. , Zorenko T. , Zorenko Yu.
Published: April 2019

Scheme of the absorption and emission levels of Ce3+ and Pb2+ ions in the energy band scheme of the LuAP host (a) and fragment of the LuAP structure with CeLu, CeLu–CeLu, Pb2+ and Pt3+ centers (b).
Structural design of alkali-metal titanates: electrochemical growth of KxTi8O16, Na2+xTi6O13, and Li2+xTi3O7single crystals with one-dimensional tunnel structures
Authors: Chiba Yusuke , Koizumi Daisuke , Saito Miwa , Motohashi Teruki
Published: April 2019

Crystal growth of alkali-metal titanates was achieved by employing constant-voltage electrolysis of molten TiO2/A2MoO4(A = Li, Na, and K).
Rigidified and expanded N-annulated perylenes as efficient donors in organic sensitizers for application in solar cells
Authors: Li Ping , Wang Zhixiang , Zhang Houyu
Published: April 2019

Quantum calculations on rigidified and expanded NP-based dyes were carried out to establish the structure–property relationship.
Radiolysis of supercritical water at 400 °C: density dependence of the rate constant for the reaction of hydronium ions with hydrated electrons
Authors: Meesungnoen Jintana , Jay-Gerin Jean-Paul
Published: April 2019

The rate constant, k(eaq− + H3O+), for the reaction of hydronium ions with hydrated electrons in supercritical water at 400 °C has been evaluated as a function of water density over the range of 0.15–0.6 g cm−3.
A novel Pt(iv) mono azido mono triazolato complex evolves azidyl radicals following irradiation with visible light
Authors: Yao Kezi , Bertran Arnau , Morgan Jacques , Hare Samuel M. , Rees Nicholas H. , Kenwright Alan M. , Edkins Katharina , Bowen Alice M. , Farrer Nicola J.
Published: April 2019

A novel PtIV azido triazolato complex exists as an equilibrium between two species in d3-MeCN and evolves azide radicals (but not hydroxide radicals) when irradiated with visible light.
Humic acid mitigated toxicity of graphene-family materials to algae through reducing oxidative stress and heteroaggregation
Authors: Zhao Jian , Li Yue , Cao Xuesong , Guo Chuntong , Xu Lina , Wang Zhenyu , Feng Juan , Yi Huimin , Xing Baoshan
Published: April 2019

HA alleviated GFM-induced membrane damage by reducing oxidative stress and heteroaggregation.
GPETAFLR, an octapeptide isolated from Lupinus angustifolius L. protein hydrolysate, promotes the skewing to the M2 phenotype in human primary monocytes
Authors: Montserrat-de la Paz Sergio , Lemus-Conejo Ana , Toscano Rocio , Pedroche Justo , Millan Francisco , Millan-Linares Maria C.
Published: April 2019

The present study aimed to test the mechanisms by which GPETAFLR may modulate the inflammatory response and plasticity in human primary monocytes.
Tumor antigen-independent and cell size variation-inclusive enrichment of viable circulating tumor cells
Authors: Zhao Wujun , Liu Yang , Jenkins Brittany D. , Cheng Rui , Harris Bryana N. , Zhang Weizhong , Xie Jin , Murrow Jonathan R. , Hodgson Jamie , Egan Mary , Bankey Ana , Nikolinakos Petros G. , Ali Haythem Y. , Meichner Kristina , Newman Lisa A. , Davis Melissa B. , Mao Leidong
Published: April 2019

Integrated ferrohydrodynamic cell separation (iFCS) explores cell magnetization in biocompatible ferrofluids and enriches CTCs in an antigen-independent and cell size variation-inclusive manner.
Positively and negatively charged NHN hydrogen bonds in one molecule: synergistic strengthening effect, superbasicity and acetonitrile capture
Authors: Vlasenko Marina P. , Ozeryanskii Valery A. , Pozharskii Alexander F. , Khoroshilova Olesya V.
Published: April 2019

The first full nitrogen zwitterions were synthesized. Both [NHN]− and [NHN]+ bridges strongly influence each other, resulting in superbasicity and receptor properties.
CuCo2S4 nanocrystals as a nanoplatform for photothermal therapy of arterial inflammation
Authors: Zhang Xing , Liu Junchao , Yang Xinrui , He Guanjie , Li Bo , Qin Jinbao , Shearing Paul R. , Brett Dan J. L. , Hu Junqing , Lu Xinwu
Published: April 2019

Our study proved that ultrasmall CuCo2S4 nanocrystals are a promising nanoplatform for photothermal therapy of arterial inflammation.
Photochemical preparation of gold nanoparticle decorated cyclodextrin vesicles with tailored plasmonic properties
Authors: de Vries Wilke C. , Niehues Maximilian , Wissing Maren , Würthwein Thomas , Mäsing Florian , Fallnich Carsten , Studer Armido , Ravoo Bart Jan
Published: April 2019

Plasmonic vesicles are obtained by in situ photochemical reduction of gold salts at the vesicle surface using a stabilizing photoactive polymer shell that generates reducing ketyl radicals upon irradiation.
Comparative investigation of the optical spectroscopic and thermal effect in Nd3+-doped nanoparticles
Authors: Wang Shuai , Shen Bin , Wei Han-Lin , Liu Zixiao , Chen Zhigang , Zhang Yong , Su Yan , Zhang Jun-Zheng , Wang Haifang , Su Qianqian
Published: April 2019

The factors influencing upconversion luminescence, the energy transfer mechanism and their thermal effect in Nd3+-doped nanoparticles were comprehensively investigated.
Bridging the gap between molecular dynamics and hydrodynamics in nanoscale Brownian motions
Authors: Mizuta Keisuke , Ishii Yoshiki , Kim Kang , Matubayasi Nobuyuki
Published: April 2019

Through molecular dynamics simulations, we examined the hydrodynamic behavior of the Brownian motion of fullerene particles based on molecular interactions.
Avalanche statistics during coarsening dynamics
Authors: Pelusi Francesca , Sbragaglia Mauro , Benzi Roberto
Published: April 2019

Numerical simulations on avalanche statistics during coarsening dynamics of a biphasic system.
In vitro differentiation of single donor derived human dental mesenchymal stem cells into pancreatic β cell-like cells
Authors: Shivakumar Sharath B. , Lee Hyeon-Jeong , Son Young-Bum , Bharti Dinesh , Ock Sun A. , Lee Sung-Lim , Kang Young-Hoon , Park Bong-Wook , Rho Gyu-Jin
Published: April 2019

The present study was carried out to investigate and compare the in vitro differentiation potential of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) isolated from human dental tissues (pulp, papilla, and follicle) of the same donor. MSCs were isolated from dental tissues (pulp, papilla, and follicle) following digestion method and were analyzed for the expression of pluripotent markers and cell surface markers. All three types of MSCs were evaluated for their potential to differentiate into mesenchymal lineages. Further, the MSCs were differentiated into pancreatic β cell-like cells using multistep protocol and characterized for the expression of pancreatic lineage specific markers. Functional properties of differentiated pancreatic β cell-like cells were assessed by dithizone staining and glucose challenge test. All three types of MSCs showed fibroblast-like morphology upon culture and expressed pluripotent, and mesenchymal cell surface markers. These MSCs were successfully differentiated into mesenchymal lineages and transdifferentiated into pancreatic β cell-like cells. Among them, dental follicle derived MSCs exhibits higher transdifferentiation potency toward pancreatic lineage as evaluated by the expression of pancreatic lineage specific markers both at mRNA and protein level, and secreted higher insulin upon glucose challenge. Additionally, follicle-derived MSCs showed higher dithizone staining upon differentiation. All three types of MSCs from a single donor possess similar cellular properties and can differentiate into pancreatic lineage. However, dental follicle derived MSCs showed higher potency toward pancreatic lineage than pulp and papilla derived MSCs, suggesting their potential application in future stem cell based therapy for the treatment of diabetes.
MiR-19a as a prognostic indicator for cancer patients: a meta-analysis
Authors: Peng Yizhong , Huang Donghua , Ma Kaige , Deng Xiangyu , Shao Zengwu
Published: April 2019

MiR-19a was aberrantly expressed in various types of cancers and was observed to be potentially associated with the prognosis of cancer patients. The present analysis aims to elucidate its precise predictive value in various human malignancies. Online electronic searches of PubMed, Web of Science (WOS), Embase in English and VIP, Wanfang, SinoMed, and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) in Chinese up to September 8, 2018 were conducted. As a result, in overall analysis, a significant association was identified between miR-19a levels and OS (HRs = 2.31, CI: 1.11–4.83). The relation of miR-19a expression to OS was further recognized by fixed model within the studies of sample size less than 150 (HRs = 1.68, CI: 1.35–2.08), NOS scores greater than or equal to 8 (HRs = 1.53, CI: 1.13–2.06) or less than 8 (HRs = 1.89, CI: 1.58–2.27), specimen derived from tumor (HRs = 1.73, CI: 1.42–2.12) or blood (HRs = 1.87, CI: 1.46–2.40) and the patients of osteosarcoma (HRs = 7.17, CI: 5.04–10.21). Sensitivity analyses revealed no significant results. The association between miR-19a expression level and DFS was also found to be significant (HRs = 2.03, CI: 1.13–3.66). Correlations between miR-19a levels and clinicopathological features were examined and revealed that lymph node metastasis was significantly associated with miR-19a expression levels (OR = 0.565, CI: 0.346–0.921). Summarily, the over expression of miR-19a was an underlying risk of poor prognosis in many human malignancies, especially in osteosarcoma. Moreover, elevated miR-19a expression was linked to the potential of lymph node metastasis.
Mitochondrial protein 18 is a positive apoptotic regulator in cardiomyocytes under oxidative stress
Authors: Aung Lynn H.H. , Li Yu-Zhen , Yu Hua , Chen Xiatian , Yu Zhongjie , Gao Jinning , Li Peifeng
Published: April 2019

Accumulation of reactive oxygen species is a common phenomenon in cardiac stress conditions, for instance, coronary artery disease, aging-related cardiovascular abnormalities, and exposure to cardiac stressors such as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Mitochondrial protein 18 (Mtp18) is a novel mitochondrial inner membrane protein, shown to involve in the regulation of mitochondrial dynamics. Although Mtp18 is abundant in cardiac muscles, its role in cardiac apoptosis remains elusive. The present study aimed to detect the role of Mtp18 in H2O2-induced mitochondrial fission and apoptosis in cardiomyocytes. We studied the effect of Mtp18 in cardiomyocytes by modulating its expression with lentiviral construct of Mtp18-shRNA and Mtp18 c-DNA, respectively. We then analyzed mitochondrial morphological dynamics with MitoTracker Red staining; apoptosis with terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end-labeling (TUNEL) and cell death detection assays; and protein expression with immunoblotting. Here, we observed that Mtp18 could regulate oxidative stress- mediated mitochondrial fission and apoptosis in cardiac myocytes. Mechanistically, we found that Mtp8 induced mitochondrial fission and apoptosis by enhancing dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) accumulation. Conversely, knockdown of Mtp18 interfered with Drp1-associated mitochondrial fission and subsequent activation of apoptosis in both HL-1 cells and primary cardiomyocytes. However, overexpression of Mtp18 alone was not sufficient to execute apoptosis when Drp1 was minimally expressed, suggesting that Mtp18 and Drp1 are interdependent in apoptotic cascade. Together, these data highlight the role of Mtp18 in cardiac apoptosis and provide a novel therapeutic insight to minimize cardiomyocyte loss via targetting mitochondrial dynamics.
Teamspirit stärken
Authors: Welk Ina
Published: April 2019

Ein echtes „Wir“-Gefühl im OP zu entwickeln ist aufgrund der häufig wechselnden
Zusammensetzung des Teams herausfordernd. Wie es dennoch gelingt,
unterschiedliche Erfahrungen, Qualifikationen und Fertigkeiten unter einen Hut
zu bringen und als Team zusammenzuwachsen, erläutern wir im Schwerpunkt. Denn
effektives Teamwork ist kein Zufall, sondern bedarf einer strukturierten
Teamentwicklung.
Schlittenprothese
Authors: Aue Michelle , Hübner Jochen
Published: April 2019

Schlittenprothesen werden bereits seit 1970 an der Knieinnenseite (medial) oder
an der Knieaußenseite (lateral) implantiert. Der teilweise Gelenkersatz ist ein
erhaltender, kein ersetzender Eingriff, da das Kniegelenk nicht voll erneuert,
sondern nur wenige Teile ersetzt werden. Es handelt sich hierbei um die kleinste
Variante einer Endoprothese am Kniegelenk.
Prophylaxe und Therapie des Arm-Lymphödems
Authors: Brenke Rainer
Published: April 2019

Das Arm-Lymphödem ist trotz schonenderer Operationsmethoden auch heute noch eine schwerwiegende Komplikation der Therapie des Mammakarzinoms. Behandlung erster Wahl ist die Komplexe Physikalische Entstauungstherapie mit Lymphdrainage, Kompression, Bewegung und Hautpflege.
Neue Arzneimittel für Kleintiere 2018
Authors: Emmerich Ilka Ute
Published: April 2019

Im Jahr 2018 kamen für Kleintiere 2 neue Wirkstoffe auf den deutschen
Tierarzneimittelmarkt: das Ektoparasitikum der Isoxazolingruppe Lotilaner
(Credelio®) und das Opioidanalgetikum Tramadol
(Tralieve®). Zwei Wirkstoffe erhielten eine Tierartenerweiterung.
So wurde das nicht steroidale Antiphlogistikum Meloxicam (Metacam®)
aus der Gruppe der Oxicame auch für Meerschweinchen und das
Inhalationsnarkotikum Sevofluran (Sevoflo®) aus der Gruppe der
halogenierten Kohlenwasserstoffverbindungen auch für Katzen zugelassen. Mit
Benzylpenicillin-Benzathin in Kombination mit Benzylpenicillin-Procain wurde
eine zwischenzeitlich nicht mehr erhältliche Wirkstoffkombination wieder
zugelassen. Außerdem kamen ein Wirkstoff in einer neuen Darreichungsform und ein
Präparat mit einem neuen Wirkstoffgehalt für Kleintiere auf den Markt.
Geburtshilfliche Teamarbeit im Kontext der Sectio
Authors: Basters-Hoffmann Bärbel , Betting Petra , Kannan Cecil , Harm Falko
Published: April 2019

Wenn das interdisziplinäre Team in der Geburtshilfe Hand in Hand arbeitet, profitieren Ärzte, Hebammen und die betreute Frau gleichermaßen. Doch es fehlt an evaluierten Gestaltungsmöglichkeiten der interdisziplinären Zusammenarbeit, sodass sich jede Klinik eigene Standards erarbeiten muss. Unsere Autorinnen und Autoren beschreiben ihren Ansatz, wie Perinatologin, Hebamme, Neonatologe und Anästhesist an einem Level-I-Haus bei der Sectio ihre Ressourcen bündeln, um die Physiologie der Geburt, das Bonding und den Stillbeginn zu fördern.
Psychometrische Überprüfung der Kurzversion des „Systems of Belief Inventory“ in einer deutschlandweiten repräsentativen Bevölkerungsstichprobe
Authors: Hampel Nicola Daniela , Brähler Elmar , Zenger Markus , Albani Cornelia , Heuft Gereon
Published: April 2019

Einleitung In dieser Arbeit wird die Entwicklung der deutschen Version des „Systems of Belief Inventory“ in der revidierten und gekürzten 6 Item Version (SBI-6R-D; Heuft und Hampel 2017) vorgestellt und psychometrisch überprüft.

Material und Methoden Im Rahmen einer deutschlandweiten Repräsentativbefragung wurde der Fragebogen 2513 Probanden vorgelegt. Eine konfirmatorische Faktorenanalyse wurde durchgeführt, um die Faktorenstruktur im Vergleich zur ursprünglichen amerikanischen Version zu überprüfen. Messinvarianz wurde über Multigruppenvergleiche, die konvergente und diskriminante Validität wurden über Korrelationen mit anderen Items getestet.

Ergebnisse Es ergaben sich gute Item- und Skalenkennwerte sowie eine gute Modellgüte. Im Unterschied zur Arbeit von Albani et al. (SBI-15R-D) konnte jetzt die 2- faktorielle Struktur des US-amerikanischen Fragebogens repliziert werden. Für Geschlecht und Alter wird skalare Invarianz, für Konfession und Bundeslandzugehörigkeit nur metrische Invarianz gezeigt.

Diskussion Aufgrund der Güte der bisherigen Kennwerte des SBI-6R-D erscheint es lohnend, den SBI-6R-D in zukünftigen Untersuchungen mit anderen validierten religiösen Vergleichsinstrumenten weitergehend zu untersuchen.

Schlussfolgerung Mit dieser neuen deutschen Kurzversion SBI-6R-D liegt ein ökonomisches, reliables und valides Instrument zur Erfassung spiritueller und religiöser Einstellungen vor.
3 Fachleute – 3 Behandlungsmethoden
Authors: Behrens Nicolas , Stern Cornelia , Weber Erika
Published: April 2019

Schmerzhafte Arthrose der Fingergelenke
Vergessene Schmerzpflanze: Echtes Mädesüß
Authors: Stern Cornelia
Published: April 2019

Wer Rheumatismus, Gicht oder Muskelschmerzen behandelt, sollte auch einmal an diese Pflanze denken.
Die Integrative Behandlung der Frozen Shoulder
Authors: Koll Steffen , Gnauert Andreas , Seidel Wolfram
Published: April 2019

Die „Frozen Shoulder“ ist eine Form der Schultersteife, die phasenhaft verläuft und bei den Betroffenen zu Schmerzen und Bewegungseinschränkungen führt. Eine genaue Struktur- und Funktionsdiagnostik und die Berücksichtigung möglicher psychosozialer Einflussfaktoren sind für die Therapieplanung erforderlich. Bei der Behandlung der Frozen Shoulder kommen neben Schmerztherapie, Physiotherapie inklusive Krankengymnastik, Manueller Therapie und Eigenübungen auch komplementäre Verfahren wie Akupunktur oder Blutegel-Behandlungen zum Einsatz. Multimodale, komplexe Behandlungskonzepte können notwendig sein.
Understanding the Heterogeneity of Labor and Delivery Units: Using Design Thinking Methodology to Assess Environmental Factors that Contribute to Safety in Childbirth
Authors: Sherman Jules P. , Hedli Laura C. , Kristensen-Cabrera Alexandria I. , Lipman Steven S. , Schwandt Doug , Lee Henry C. , Sie Lillian , Halamek Louis P. , Austin Naola S. ,   Safety Learning Laboratory for Neonatal and Maternal Care
Published: April 2019

Objective There is limited research exploring the relationship between design and patient safety outcomes, especially in maternal and neonatal care. We employed design thinking methodology to understand how the design of labor and delivery units impacts safety and identified spaces and systems where improvements are needed.

Study Design Site visits were conducted at 10 labor and delivery units in California. A multidisciplinary team collected data through observations, measurements, and clinician interviews. In parallel, research was conducted regarding current standards and codes for building new hospitals.

Results Designs of labor and delivery units are heterogeneous, lacking in consistency regarding environmental factors that may impact safety and outcomes. Building codes do not take into consideration workflow, human factors, and patient and clinician experience. Attitude of hospital staff may contribute to improving safety through design. Three areas in need of improvement and actionable through design emerged: (1) blood availability for hemorrhage management, (2) appropriate space for neonatal resuscitation, and (3) restocking and organization methods of equipment and supplies.

Conclusion Design thinking could be implemented at various stages of health care facility building projects and during retrofits of existing units. Through this approach, we may be able to improve hospital systems and environmental factors.