bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Uso de técnicas de regressão na avaliação, em bovinos de corte, da eficiência de conversão do alimento em produto: proposição de método e significância nutricional
Authors: Detmann Edenio , Gionbelli Mateus Pies , Valadares Filho Sebastião de Campos , Paulino Pedro Veiga Rodrigues
Published: January 2012

Objetivou-se neste estudo propor e discutir método de avaliação da eficiência de conversão do alimento em produto em bovinos de corte com base na utilização de técnicas de regressão. Os procedimentos matemáticos e estatísticos foram desenvolvidos a partir de banco de dados formado pela mensuração do consumo de matéria seca e do ganho médio diário em 380 bovinos zebuínos puros ou mestiços em 15 diferentes experimentos constantes na base de dados do sistema BR-CORTE. Foram propostas duas aproximações baseadas no ajustamento de modelos de regressão linear e não-linear, tendo o ganho médio diário como variável independente e o consumo de matéria seca como variável dependente. A utilização do alimento pelo animal foi estratificada em demanda para mantença e eficiência real de conversão em produto. O parâmetro demanda para mantença possui interpretação similar em ambas as aproximações. Na solução linear, assume-se que a eficiência real de conversão em produto seja fixa e independente do ganho médio diário. Por outro lado, na solução não-linear, assume-se que a eficiência real de conversão em produto seja variável e dependente do ganho. O critério de informação de Akaike foi proposto como ferramenta para escolha entre os modelos linear e não-linear. A avaliação da eficiência de transformação do alimento em produto em bovinos de corte por meio de técnicas de regressão possibilita o entendimento mais amplo da eficiência de uso do alimento em sistemas de produção, pois permite estratificar as demandas em mantença e produção. Muitos inconvenientes associados ao uso de índices baseados em razões, como a conversão alimentar, são eliminados, ampliando a acurácia e a precisão das inferências nutricionais.
Avaliação da capacidade máxima de exercício: uma revisão sobre os protocolos tradicionais e a evolução para modelos individualizados
Authors: Silva Sidney Cavalcante da , Monteiro Walace David , Farinatti Paulo de Tarso Veras
Published: January 2012

Os ajustes fisiológicos ao exercício têm sido extensivamente estudados. Apesar do consenso sobre a importância de testes de exercício para a avaliação do consumo máximo de oxigênio (O2máx), diferenças expressivas entre os protocolos utilizados podem comprometer a comparação de dados e sua utilização clínica ou funcional. A presente revisão analisou os principais protocolos correntemente utilizados na avaliação do O2máx, destacando suas vantagens e limitações. Além disso, compararam-se as características de protocolos escalonados em estágios com aquelas de modelos individualizados, conhecidos como protocolos em rampa. Foram revisados 102 estudos publicados entre os anos 1955 e 2009. Os resultados indicaram que, apesar de a maior parte dos estudos apontar vantagens dos protocolos em rampa sobre os mais tradicionais, há uma evidente carência de recomendações sobre diversos aspectos de sua elaboração. São raros os estudos que analisaram a influência de variáveis dos protocolos em rampa sobre os desfechos pretendidos, como o consumo máximo de oxigênio e limiares de transição metabólica. Há dúvidas acerca da melhor maneira de se determinar a capacidade máxima de exercício, velocidade inicial do teste, razão de incremento, interação velocidade/inclinação e tempo de teste. Em suma, os testes em rampa vêm sendo aplicados com base na experiência dos avaliadores, sem que haja realmente um 'protocolo' que norteie a sua montagem. Estudos que possam contribuir para o desenvolvimento de critérios mais formais e precisos para a elaboração de protocolos em rampa, portanto, fazem-se necessários.
To Biopsy or Not to Biopsy: Is That the Only Question?
Authors: Dawood Shaheenah , Gonzalez-Angulo Ana M.
Published: January 2012

The clinical effects of discordance in receptor status between primary and metastatic breast cancer lesions are discussed in relation to the study of Macfarlane et al. published in this issue of The Oncologist.
Crystal architecture of the tooth and jaw bone (pyramid) of the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus
Authors: Griesshaber E. , Goetz A. J. , Howard L. , Ball A. , Ruff S. , Schmahl W. W.
Published: January 2012

Sea urchins use their teeth to grind off algae from rocks. Since calcite is a soft and brittle material, it is intriguing how this material is structured to be suitable for a tooth. The crystallographic architecture of the tooth and the jaw bone (pyramid) of the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus was determined by electron backscatter diffraction, microtomography, and scanning electron microscopy. Sea urchin teeth are low and high Mg-calcite hybrid composites that form a hierarchical multiplex composite crystal. The tooth architecture consists of the slightly (3°–5°) misoriented major structural units, each of which is assembled of subunits, which are again misoriented by 1°–2° relative to each other. The misorientation is systematic throughout the entire length of the tooth. The jaw bones (pyramids) are composed of large porous single-crystal units. The multiplex architecture of the tooth combines calcite components of different sizes, shapes, compositions and crystallographic orientation to provide a functional mechanism. The central “stone” part is hardest and forms the cutting tip. It is encased in the softer “plates” and “lamellar needle complex” units which interdigitate in the stone. Continuous self-sharpening of the tooth occurs by chipping off the “plates” and “lamellae/needles.” The single-crystal-like texture guarantees a constant mechanism of self-sharpening.
Hydrologic connection between ponds positively affects macrophyte α and γ diversity but negatively affects β diversity
Authors: Akasaka Munemitsu , Takamura Noriko
Published: January 2012

Connections between habitat patches can positively influence the number of species in respective patches, providing a basis for preferentially conserving interconnected patches. However, from a regional perspective, it is not known whether conserving multiple sets of interconnected habitat patches would include more species (i.e., show higher γ diversity) than conserving multiple, unconnected, solitary patches. We studied aquatic macrophytes in 15 sets of unidirectionally interconnected ponds and 19 unconnected ponds and also tested whether α and β diversity, expressed as the number of species and dissimilarity in species composition, respectively, differed between connected and unconnected ponds. We found that γ diversity was higher in connected ponds than in unconnected ponds, even after controlling for surface area. This resulted from a higher α diversity in connected ponds, despite lower β diversity. These results suggest that connections between habitat patches positively influence diversity at both local and regional scales. When the total surface area available for conservation is limited, interconnected habitat patches should be preferentially conserved.
The Evolution of the Drillstring Design on Puguang Sour Field to Improve Performance and Safety Margins in Sour Environments
Authors: Flores Vincent , El Bachiri Kamal , Fei Li , Yumin Li , Zhang Da
Published: January 2012

Puguang region is known for containing sour fields with significant amount of H2S. Since 1975, sour service wells have been drilled entailing critical drilling conditions. To optimize drilling efficiency without sacrificing security, drill string improvements have been always looked for, by carefully evaluating steel grades, drill pipe sizes and connections.

The evolution of drilling programs has driven the industry to develop more suitable solutions adapted to extreme and aggressive conditions such as Sour Service environments. High strength drill pipe is often necessary to achieve deeper drilling performance, even when Sulfide Stress Cracking susceptibility is observed in minimal concentrations of H2S in partial pressures. Due to the astringency of the sour environment, particular precautions have to be defined to select and characterize an adapted Sour Service steel grade.

This paper presents the evolution of choices in drill string design from basic API grades and connections to adapt and proprietary steel grades resistant to H2S with a high mechanical performance properties and high torque double shoulder connections.
Maximize the Placement of Wells and Production in Unconventional Reservoirs:Part 1
Authors: Holdaway Keith R.
Published: January 2012

Over the past decade significant supplies of natural gas have been discovered in shale. While the development of new technologies has driven down the cost of gas extraction, pursuing natural gas in shale continues to be risky and capital-intensive.

Producers seek the most productive zones in their shale basins, as well as continued improvement in hydraulic fracturing processes. Decreasing costs and reducing risk while maximizing shale gas production necessitates innovative, advanced analytical capabilities that can give you a comprehensive understanding of the reservoir heterogeneity in order to extract hidden predictive information, identify drivers and leading indicators of efficient well production, determine the best intervals for stimulation, and recommend optimum stimulation processes and frequencies. Modeling, simulating and predicting well productivity requires integrated exploratory, predictive and forecasting capabilities underpinned by advanced analytical models to unlock the true potential of each wellbore. Without the critical insight enabled by integrated analysis to pair productivity analysis with economic feasibility, companies face significant risk and uncertainty when developing new wells or optimizing production of extant wellbores.

This paper walks through two case studies implemented in the Bakken and Pinedale assets in the United States, exemplifying data mining workflows that successfully improved hydrocarbon production.
Well Test Analysis of Infrequent Behavior of Fractured Wells in Oil and Gas Reservoirs
Authors: Amin A..
Published: January 2012

The purpose of well stimulation is to increase the contact area of the wellbore in the reservoir to maximise production rates. This is achieved through fractures penetrating the reservoir. These fractures tend to show either infinite conductivity with double lines half slope or finite conductivity with quarter slope on the log-log plot of pressure change versus elapsed time depending on the permeability and other parameters of the formation. These flow behaviors are clear indications of a stimulated well. However, observations in some post frac tests where a single slope line is reported indicate non-fractured well response.

The objective of this paper is to investigate the unusual flow behavior associated with fractured well tests following a proppant frac job. To author’s knowledge, this behavior has been referred to briefly in a limited number of publications with no clear explanation. The aim of this study is to address this problem in detail and suggest that this behavior is due to a variety of reasons assuming the frac job has targeted the reservoir interval of interest. The controlling factors are fracture lengths, fracture conductivity, the damage caused by the fracture operation including choke fracture effect and less importantly, fracture face skin and non-Darcy effect in the case of gas wells.

The study utilizes 3-D numerical simulation black oil and compositional models comprising of single and multi- layered reservoirs. Study results show that the investigated problem is likely to be associated with damaged fractures of short lengths and low fracture conductivity values. Knowledge obtained from the study is applied to the analysis of well tests from actual fractured wells. The importance of this paper is that understanding the behavior of fractured wells is important to operator and service companies.
Efficient Coiled-Tubing Fracturing for Proppant-Placement Assurance and Contingency-Cost Mitigation
Authors: Surjaatmadja Jim B. , East Loyd E.
Published: January 2012

Combining production from multiple intervals within a well during completion has been used for many years. Many of these reservoirs required hydraulic-fracture stimulation, and a number of promising fracturing methods have been developed where several stages can be performed sequentially, provided there is some method used to isolate previously stimulated intervals.

One method claims high efficiency by using high-rate treatments and limited-entry perforating concepts. However, the promises proved to be elusive. Contingencies for early screenout, perforating gun missfires, and other equipment failures have often dramatically impacted completion efficiency. To guard against these failures, the proppant schedules were underdesigned or purposely overflushed, thus reducing the resulting fracture conductivity.

To achieve limited-entry diversion, high-treatment rates were used, which required a large amount of hydraulic horsepower onsite. Yet, even when efficiencies were achievable, production logging often showed that, at best, only 50% of the intended fracturing targets would actually produce at fracture-stimulated rates. Discovery of an important phenomenon was recently explained using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation. It was found that the difference in the physical qualities of proppant and the carrying fluid cause the upper intervals to receive mostly proppant-free fluid.

Pinpoint-stimulation fracturing methods can allow all of the multiple intervals completed to be stimulated efficiently, such that all intervals received the designed proppant volumes one interval at a time. For the most effective of these methods, coiled tubing (CT) is used to hydrajet perforate intervals for individual fracturing treatments, and proppant plugs are used to isolate stimulated intervals while maximizing near-wellbore (NWB) conductivity. These methods do not require removing the CT from the well between treatments, so early screenouts can be remediated immediately with minimal impact.

A new entry in this class of fracturing that allows real-time, on-demand downhole proppant-schedule control can be combined with real-time fracture-mapping diagnostics to optimize stimulated reservoir volume (SRV) on-the-fly, when needed. A 15-stage completion in the Marcellus is used to demonstrate the process.
Optimized Steerable Motor Design Overcomes Drilling Challenges in the Fayetteville Shale Unconventional Play
Authors: Azizov Azar , Davila Wilfredo , Janwadkar Sandeep , Fabian John , Fortelney Ryan , Welch Bart
Published: January 2012

The US-land unconventional shale plays have initiated an exponential increase in the number of horizontal wells drilled and completed in the last decade. Maximizing well productivity and improving drilling efficiency has always been a major challenge. Well placement in the sweet spot and extended laterals help maximize productivity. Curve intervals drilled with higher dogleg severity (DLS) have a reduced vertical-section which maximizes the length of subsequent lateral section in the productive zone. Wells in US shale plays are usually drilled with a DLS of 10 to 14 °/100 ft, but achievinghigh DLS presents numerous drilling challenges: rotating a steerable motor with a high adjustable kick-off sub (AKO) angle could result in bottomhole assembly (BHA) fatigue failure and premature damage to bit; drilling in oriented (slide) mode limits weight transfer to the bit which may reduce the rate-of-penetration (ROP).

These challenges led to the development and successful testing of a new steerable optimized designmotor (ODM) with a short bit-to-bend (BTB) distance. In some cases, the ODM motor drilled all sections, including high-DLS curves, tangents and laterals with precise directional control and well placement with one BHA. The ODM has helped the operator to achieve higher DLS at lower AKO angle settings, enabled rotating the BHA in well profiles where previously used motors could be operated only in slidemode and maximized the length of curve interval drilled in rotary mode at higher RPMs. Drilling high- DLS curves increased the length of laterals, enabling additional recovery of gas. The new system significantly improved drilling performance with excellent directional control.

This paper will discuss the design, modeling and results of horizontal type wells drilled using the steerable ODM in the Fayetteville Shale unconventional play.
New Approach for the Prediction of Klinkenberg Permeability In Situ for Low Permeability Sandstone in Tight Gas Reservoir
Authors: Tadayoni Mehdi , Valadkhani Mina
Published: January 2012

Tight gas reservoirs show challenges to geologists to characterize because of their tendency to begenerally heterogeneous due to depositional and diagenetic processes. The value petrophysical properties are very valuable in static and dynamic reservoir modeling. This paper presents a prediction of Klinkenberg permeability by using artificial neural network, composite logs and core data in basin in western USA. The klinkenberg model approximates a linear relation between the measured gas permeability and the reciprocal absolute mean core pressure. This model has been a consistent basis for the development of methods computing the absolute liquid permeability of a core sample based on a single data point.

In tight gas reservoir with increasing in gas slippag ( klinkenberg effect) cause to decrease in pore-throat size and permeability parameters. In advanced there were some method to determine Klinkenberg permeability in situ which can be obtained by measuring just routine air permeability and Klinkenberg parameter such as byrnes in 1997 & 2003 but these ways intensively depend on core permeability, so it needs some core plugs and inevitably we have to spend much time and money.

The goal in this study was to research about relationship between core Klinkenberg permeability and composite logs (gamma ray, density, neutron and formation resistivity and so on) by using MLP & Back Propagation methods (Artificial neural network) to characterize the Klinkenberg permeabilityin situ in 3 different wells in 3 stages (training, validation and application) with suitable core calibration. For two wells there is very good core calibration and the R2 is more than 0.7 in training and application processes.

The importance of evaluation of tight gas reservoir with high heterogeneity by using artificial neural network and conventional logs is spending less capital or time and finally obtaining reliable Klinkenberg permeability in situ.
Interpreting Uncemented Multistage Hydraulic-Fracturing Completion Effectiveness Using Fiber-Optic DTS Injection Data
Authors: Holley E. H. , Molenaar M. M. , Fidan E.. , Banack B..
Published: January 2012

Tight-gas, low-permeability reservoirs offer a tremendous challenge with respect to effectively completing and draining a target reservoir. Openhole-packer completions in horizontal wells offer a cost-efficient means of accessing the entire lateral section, assuming the target pay can be effectively stimulated. The challenge with openhole completions compared to more conventional cased, cemented, and limited-entry perforated completions is understanding and controlling hydraulic-fracture geometry; specifically, the number and location of fracture-initiation points and the fracturing-fluid flow into the near- wellbore (NWB) area of the reservoir.

Fiber-optic-based distributed temperature sensing (DTS) offers a method for identifying, quantifying, and evaluating the NWB fracture geometry, the fracturing-fluid distribution in these broad openhole sections, and overall stimulation effectiveness. DTS can also reveal success or issues with respect to effective zonal isolation when using mechanical isolation during the hydraulic-fracturing process.

In this particular case study, a lateral well in a basin-centered gas (BCG) area was completed with swell-packer interval isolation using fracture sleeves for reservoir access. By coupling fracture-treatment responses and openhole log characteristics with the NWB DTS data during pumping and warm-back, an integrated assessment of the completion stimulation effectiveness and efficiency was performed.

The end result of this assessment provided an improved understanding of the current completion performance and allowed optimization of openhole completion projects for future wells in this same area.
Influence of Rock Properties and Geomechanics on Hydraulic Fracturing: A Case Study from the Amin Deep Tight Gas Reservoir, Sultanate of Oman
Authors: Perumalla Satya , Santagati Antonio , Addis Tony , Al-Mahrooqi Sultan , Curtino Joe , Briner Andreas , Mjeni Rifaat , Qobi Latifa
Published: January 2012

Petroleum Development Oman is actively developing tight gas reservoirs which include the Paleozoic Amin Formation in Northern Oman.

Natural fractures in this reservoir can be critically stressed and permeable at in-situ stress conditions, however, production may not be sufficient for commerciality. Experience from tight gas reservoirs in Oman and around the world shows that production is often only commercially feasible when the formations are hydraulically fractured.

The low porosities (3-10%) and permeabilities (1-0.001 mD) of this Amin formation, are reflected in the mechanical properties of the formation, with high compressive strengths (100 – 250 MPa). These high strength values limit not only fracture initiation, but also the identification of suitable intervals favorable for fracturing, which has become a critical factor for a successful stimulation program.

High in-situ stresses and large variability in pore pressure and rock properties are also observed at the Amin level. The pressure distribution in this area is believed to be affected by compartmentalization and faulting, which is accompanied by a significant variation in stress orientation across the major fault systems of Northern Oman, which may influence well planning strategy.

Geomechanical characterization of Amin using open-hole logs and conventional petrophysical techniques are seen to be inadequate for characterising this reservoir for hydraulic fracturing zone selection and design. Understanding the uncertainties in the models resulting from data inputs is the key in identifying and justifying potential intervals for fracturing.

This paper discusses how core based laboratory tests combined with log data were used to improve the geomechanical model to identify intervals favourable for fracturing, while providing a geomechanical framework for explaining fracturing successes and failures in offset wells. This work is continuing, in parallel with other completion optimization efforts, in order to increase the success rate of hydraulic fracturing in the Amin and to help establish a successful development strategy.
Shale Exploration Methodology and Workflow
Authors: Pitcher Jason , Buller Dan , Mellen Mike
Published: January 2012

Exploration for shales has become an integral part of many operators’ processes in the North American shale boom. While leveraging public data in existing plays is a major advantage, when looking outside those existing areas, a comprehensive plan must be developed. The shale-exploration methodology is fundamentally different from conventional exploration, with different drivers and metrics.

Shale exploration requires an exploration program that includes a heavy data-acquisition element. Beyond the initial geological identification of the prospect, wells need to be drilled to evaluate the potential of the shale prospect. Extensive coring, open-hole logging and formation pressure testing are required to answer four basic questions: Does the shale have enough total organic content? Does the shale have the thermal maturity necessary? Does the shale have the stimulation potential? Does the sale have a simple structural environment conducive to horizontal drilling? Once these questions have a satisfactory answer, the key shale properties can be mapped using multiple sources with the goal of identifying core areas suitable for further horizontal well evaluation.

This paper describes the process and workflow for a data-acquisition program and demonstrates not only the benefits of acquiring specific data, but also highlights the uses of the data to aid the exploration decision process. Examples are given of the type data acquired, and the analytical workflow is discussed.
Technology Challenges and Emerging Solutions
Authors: Day Paul , Purkis Dan , Mason Jane , Hatton Shirley
Published: January 2012

Traditional fracture completion systems are often inefficient. They suffer from friction and pressure losses, large hydraulic horsepower requirements, premature openings with frequent screen-outs, and time-consuming multiple downhole operations.

A monobore, or a single size ball system with disappearing seats, addresses many of the drawbacks to a traditional fractured completion. By minimizing friction losses and pressure drops, monobore systems increase fracture effectiveness throughout the well while decreasing hydraulic horsepower requirements at the surface by up to 60%. The system delivers higher flow rates, lower stimulation pressures, reduced surface pressures, less equipment, smaller pad sizes and higher safety at less cost.

In this paper the authors will describe the design and advantages of a monobore system with one size ball and disappearing seats.
Religious, Spiritual, and Traditional Beliefs and Practices and the Ethics of Mental Health Research in Less Wealthy Countries
Authors: Nolan Jennifer A. , Whetten Kathryn , Koenig Harold G.
Published: January 2012

This discussion article contributes to ethics reform by introducing the contribution of religious, spiritual, and traditional beliefs and practices to both subject vulnerability and patient improvement. A growing body of evidence suggests that religious, spiritual, and traditional beliefs and practices may provide positive benefits, although in some cases mixed or negative consequences to mental and physical health. These beliefs and practices add a new level of complexity to ethical deliberations, in terms of what ignoring them may mean for both distributive justice and respect for persons. International ethical guidelines need to be created that are expansive enough to cover an array of social groups and circumstances. It is proposed that these guidelines incorporate the religious, spiritual, and/or traditional principles that characterize a local population. Providing effective mental healthcare requires respecting and understanding how differences, including ones that express a population's religious, spiritual, or traditional belief systems, play into the complex deliberations and negotiations that must be undertaken if researchers are to adhere to ethical imperatives in research and treatment.
The New FDA Labeling for ESA—Implications for Patients and Providers
Authors: Manns Braden J. , Tonelli Marcello
Published: January 2012

Recent clinical trials comparing the use of erythropoiesis-stimulating agents targeting low (generally a hemoglobin of 90–115 g/L) and near-normal hemoglobin targets (generally a hemoglobin >130 g/L) in patients with chronic kidney disease have shown no improvements in clinical outcomes (aside from a small reduction in transfusion) and potential harm for erythropoiesis-stimulating agents use targeting near-normal hemoglobin targets. Based on these results, the US Food and Drug Administration recently released modified recommendations for more conservative dosing of erythropoiesis-stimulating agents in patients with CKD. These recommendations now stress individualizing therapy for each patient and using the lowest possible erythropoiesis-stimulating agents dose required to reduce the need for transfusions. The evolution in the management of anemia associated with chronic kidney disease over time and the recent evidence that has stimulated these labeling changes is discussed. Also, the US Food and Drug Administration labeling changes are discussed, and areas of controversy are highlighted. Although the US Food and Drug Administration labeling changes are based on the results of recent large randomized trials testing ESAs targeting near-normal hemoglobin levels, more specific guidance to clinicians would have been helpful.
Baron Gijom Dipitren, Guillaume Dupuytren (1777-1835)
Authors: Bumbasirevic Marko , Palibrk Tomislav , Lesic Aleksandar , Djurasic Ljubomir
Published: January 2012

Baron DUPUYTREN, Guillaume (1777-1835), Franch anatomist, pathologyst and
surgeon, although was a personal doctor of Napoleon, Lui XVI and Sharles X,
remain known for Dupuytrene contracture, due to his name, after he described
this disease of palmar fascia in 1833. He started his education at Paris at
age of 12, at 18 he was chief demostrator of anatomist prosectors. In 1802.
he become surgeon assistant and in 1812 professor of surgery. At age of 38 he
become surgeon-in-chief in H?tel-Dieu the most famous hospital in Europe of
that time. Dipitren was a dostor of Lui VIII, who gave him the title of baron
in 1823. Also, he was the doctor of Sharles X, and from Napoleon he was
decorated by Legue of the Honour. He was the richest doctor of the France,
and that time was named Dupuytrens time. He was working the whole day, and
was dealing with all parts of surgery, but he become most prominent in
orthopaedics, making connections between anatomy, pathology and surgery, what
make him popular and famous. Dupuytren dies in age of 58 due to the pleural
empyema, but he refused surgery. Before that he had brain stroke, from which
he never recover, although he continue with lectures.
Ehinokokusne ciste jetre-nasa iskustva i prikaz nove podele radne grupe SZO
Authors: Alempijevic Tamara , Kovacevic Nada , Sokic-Milutinovic Aleksandra , Pavlovic-Markovic Aleksandra , Milicevic Miroslav
Published: January 2012

nema
CFTR F508del mutation and 5T allele in patients with chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic adenocarcinoma
Authors: Nikolic Aleksandra , Dinic Jelena , Radojkovic Dragica , Lukic Snezana , Popovic Dragan , Ugljesic Milenko , Knezevic Srboljub
Published: January 2012

Introduction: Mutations in the CFTR gene may be associated with various types
of pancreatic pathology and result in higher risk of pancreatic disorders.
While delta F508 is the most common mutation in cystic fibrosis patients, the
allel 5T is associated with atypical forms of cystic fibrosis. Study aim: The
aim of this study was to establish the frequencies of F508del mutation and 5T
allele in the CFTR gene in patients with chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic
cancer, as well as to investigate whether these genetic variants represent
risk factors for pancreatic diseases. Study methods: The study has
encompassed 50 patients with chronic pancreatitis and 50 patients with
pancreatic adenocarcinoma, as well as 124 healthy individuals. The analysis
of F508del mutation and alleles 5T, 7T and 9T of the polythymidine tract was
performed on DNA extracted from periferal blood by PCR-mediated site-direted
mutagenesis (PSM) method. Results: The frequency of F508del mutation in the
group of patients with chronic pancreatitis (3.0%) was significantly
increased (p=0.032) in comparison to the group of healthy individuals (0.4%),
while other analyzed differences were not statistically significant.
Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that F508del mutation in the
CFTR gene respresents a risk factor for the development of chronic
pancreatitis.
Comparative results of operative and endovascular treatment of intracranial aneurysms
Authors: Nikolic Igor , Nestorovic Branislav , Tasic Goran , Rakic Miodrag , Antunovic Vaso , Jovanovic Vladimir , Djurovic Branko
Published: January 2012

Terapeutic protoclol for intracranial aneurysm treatment is very complex. In
depand of patient status and anviografic founding we determinate modality and
time of treatment. Analysis included 137 patients who were treated in
Neurosurgical clinic CCS because sponatenus subarachnoid haemorrhage rigine
from aneurysm belading. We performed direct surgery (microsurgery) in 109
patients. In early termine we operated 28 patients (25.69%), in first 24
hours 5 of them. In interemdiare period we performed surgery in 9, and other
72 patient we operated in postpone period. Embolisation was performed in 22
patinet. GOS form embolised patient was 4.636+0.581 and in operated
4.113+1.106 (p<0.05). Cumulative experient of Neurisurgical Clinic CCS and
sumation of international experience impose as the best treatment is the
treatment which is best known for the physitan.
Surgical treatment of nasal septal deviation (septoplasty) in children
Authors: Baljosevic Ivan , Milovanovic Jovica , Novkovic Mladen , Stankovic Katarina , Baljosevic Zlata
Published: January 2012

The aim of this study was to indicate the importance of surgical treatment of
nasal septal deviation in children as early correction of functional and
cosmetic nose deformities. In this study, we presented 76 children, from age
of 7 to 15, who were surgical treated for the reason of nasal septal
deviation starting from January 2001. to December 2009. There were 48 (63%)
male and 28 (37%) female patients. The lowest number of patients were between
7 and 9 years old - 5 (6,5%), between 10 and 12 years 28 (37%) and 43 (56,5%)
between 13 and 15 years. Only 7 (9%) patients indicated genetics inheritance,
and 11 of them (14%) could not determine the exact cause of deviation origin.
References taken from the parents showed that nasal septal deviation
developed like consequence of injury in 58 (76%) cases. We used closed
technique of septoplasty with hemitransfictional incision and sub mucosal
resection. Deviated portion of septum was completely removed. Patients felt
improvement in nose breathing in 65 (85%) cases. The most often complication
was nasal obstruction in 6 (8%) cases which occurred due to the insufficient
removal of deviated portion. We also had a septal perforation in one and
abscess of nasal septum in another case. There were no esthetic
deformities.Surgical treatment of nasal septal deviation in children must to
be conservative and limited on injured part of septum. After the operation
nose breathing significantly improved, without consequences on esthetic
appearance or the growth of central part of a face.
Clubfoot in children
Authors: Stevanovic Vladan , Vukasinovic Zoran , Bascarevic Zoran , Stevanovic Galina , Spasovski Dusko
Published: January 2012

Clubfoot, or talipes equinovarus, is a deformity consisting of equinus,
varus, and adductus foot deformity. The true etiology of congenital clubfoot
is unknown; several theories have been proposed. The pathology of the
individual bones contributes to the clubfoot deformity and soft tissue
contractures around the ankle and talocalcaneonavicular joint maintains the
deformity and involve muscles, tendons, tendon sheaths, ligaments and joint
capsules. Various treatment regimens have been proposed, including the use of
corrective splinting, taping, and casting. Surgery in clubfoot is indicated
for deformities that do not respond to conservative treatment by serial
manipulation and casting. Surgery in the treatment of clubfoot must be
tailored to the age of the child and to the deformity to be corrected. The
main goals of treatment is the painless, functional and anatomical normal
foot without need for custom made footwear, and those can be achieved after
detailed, indivudial approach with great experience in pediatric orthopedics.
Hallux valgus
Authors: Bascarevic Zoran , Vukasinovic Zoran , Bascarevic Violeta , Stevanovic Vladan , Spasovski Dusko , Janicic Radmila
Published: January 2012

Hallux valgus is a complex deformity of the forefoot. Beside the lateral
deviation of the first metatarsophalangeal joint angle exceeding 15-20
degrees and intermetatarsalvarus exceeding 8-9 degrees, it is also
characterized by extensive changes of the soft tissue arch, sesamoid
mechanism and metatarsocuneiform joint. It occurs almost exclusively in
humans wearing shoes. Although in some measure it can be treated
non-operatively, by corrective separators and inserts, operative treatment is
predominant. There are numerous operative procedures aimed at the correction
of the deformity and inducing normal biomechanics of the forefoot. There are
seven conceptually different procedures starting from simple bunionectomy,
through various soft tissue procedures, metatarsal and phalangeal
osteotomies, to resection arthroplasty and metatarsophalangeal arthrodesis.
All have clear indications, and none of them has advantages over the others.
In accordance with the etiopathogenesis of the disease prevention is easy;
wearing comfortable shoes.
Physical treatment of foot deformities in childhood
Authors: Matanovic Dragana , Vukasinovic Zoran , Zivkovic Zorica , Spasovski Dusko , Bascarevic Zoran , Slavkovic Nemanja
Published: January 2012

During the period of development foot deformities can occur, not only during
the growth and development, but also in the later age. The most frequent foot
deformity is flatfoot, congenital club foot and hallux valgus. Prior to the
decision on surgical treatment of the deformity, whenever possible the
patient should be referred for physical therapy that may yield acceptable
results in specific treatment phases. The basis of the treatment involves
kinesitherapy, application of certain agents (thermotherapy, electrotherapy,
ultrasound) and orthosis for maintaining corrections. If such therapy does
not yield satisfactory results, the deformity is surgically corrected. After
surgical correction, physical procedures can contribute to more rapid
recovery and decrease possible complications (pain, edema, complex regional
pain syndrome - Mb Sudec), which can follow the surgical correction of the
deformity. In addition, the obligatory form of rehabilitation also involves
kinesitherapy.
Genetic gain from selection of vineyard peach native population
Authors: Rakonjac Vera , Nikolic Dragan , Fotiric-Aksic Milica
Published: January 2012

Vineyard peach native population in our country represents important and rich
source of genetic variability. Establishment of the genetic gain and
differences concerning genetic variability are very important in selection of
the genotypes with different usability. In according to the start up
population and after selection of 25% intensity important properties such as
fruit quality indexes were examined. Those were fruit weight, output,
appearance, taste, aroma, soluble solid and total sugar content and
titratable acidity. Besides variability components, coefficient of variation
and heritability coefficient, expected and realized genetic gain was
determined as well. In the start up population the lowest variability was
established for output (CV=1.3%) and the highest for titratable acidity
(CV=28.4%). For all analyzed characteristics, medium up to high values for
heritability coefficient were determined in both start up population and
selected genotypes. As a result of the selection in all properties came to
genetic variance decreasing except in fruit appearance. Realized genetic gain
was on the level or little lower that expected one for the majority of the
properties.
Genetic variability of albumin-globulin content, and lipoxygenase, peroxidase activities among bread and durum wheat genotypes
Authors: Zilic Sladjana , Barac Miroljub , Pesic Mirjana , Hadzi-Taskovic-Sukalovic Vesna , Dodiga Dejan , Mladenovic-Drinic Snezana , Jankovic Marijana
Published: January 2012

The classical Osborne wheat proteins fraction (albumin-globulin), as well as
several polypeptides from the non-gluten protein fraction using SDS-PAGE
analyses were determined in the grain of five bread (T. aestivum L.) and five
durum wheat (T. durum Desf.) genotypes. In addition, the activity rate of
lipoxygenase (LOX) and peroxidase (POD) enzymes implicated in the antioxidant
metabolism was determined. Albumins and globulins in wheat grains were
characterized by rich protein pattern - the number of bands varied from 19 to
23 and they were defined by molecular weight 76.4-12.4 kDa. The great
differences between bread and durum wheat polypeptide contents were found.
Result pointed out that polypeptides with molecular weight of 65.6, 43.5 and
32.9 kDa could be used to differentiate the bread from durum wheat.
Significant differences in the LOX and POD activity between and within two
wheat species were detected. Present study showed in durum wheat a lower
activities of LOX and POD enzymes for about 45 and 22%, respectively, than in
bread wheat. Our results could be useful for plant breeders in screening and
selecting of better raw materials with high protein quality for the flour,
breadmaking and pasta industry.
Similarity of cultivars of wheat (Triticum durum) on the basis of composition of Gliadin alleles
Authors: Djukic Nevena , Knezevic Desimir , Horvat Daniela , Zivancev Dragan , Torbica Aleksandra
Published: January 2012

Twenty one durum wheat cultivars originating from different world countries
were investigated. Composition of gliadins was analyzed by acid
polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Allele composition of gliadins was
determined on the basis of identified gliadin blocks. Polymorphisms of Gli-
loci was established and 27 different gliadin alleles were identified,
namely, 5 at Gli-A1, 4 at Gli-B1, 9 at Gli-A2 and 9 alleles at Gli-B2 locus.
The catalogue of determined alleles was presented. Frequency of alleles
ranged from 4.76% to 42.86%. Heterozygous Gli-loci were identified at two
durum cultivars. Similarity among cultivars was studied on composition of
Gli-alleles and presented by UPGMA dendogram. On the base of Gli-allele
composition, similarity varied from 0% to 100%.
Impacts of flushing and fermentation times on the quality of black tea
Authors: Ansari Hojjat , Asil Hassanpour , Rabiei Babak , Dadashpour Ahmad
Published: January 2012

Flushing and fermentation times are the two main parameters determining the
quality of black tea. In this research, the effects of different flushing and
fermentation times were studied on the quality of black tea in two clones,
100 and natural Chinese hybrid. Analysis of variance showed there were the
significant differences between the clone types, flushing and fermentation
times for theaflavin, thearubigin, total color, brightness, tannin and
caffeine. Correlation coefficients between all studied traits, except
thearubigin and brightness, caffeine and brightness, and total colour and
theaflavin/thearubigin ratio, were significant at 1% probability. Regression
analysis indicated there was a significant linear regression between
fermentation time and brightness, tannin, and theaflavin/thearubigin ratio.
Also, multiple regression analysis for brightness and total colour indicated
that more than 70% of the variation in brightness was explained by
theaflavin, caffeine and theaflavin/thearubigin ratio, and more than 68% of
the variation in total colour was because of caffeine and
theaflavin/thearubigin ratio.
Detection of Stolbur phytoplasma on blackberry: A new natural host in Serbia
Authors: Kuzmanovic Slobodan , Starovic Mira , Pavlovic Snezana , Gavrilovic Veljko , Aleksic Goran , Stojanovic Sasa , Josic Dragana
Published: January 2012

During the late summer of 2007, a severe phytoplasma-like disease was
observed for the first time in blackberry plants (Rubus fruticosus),
commercial cv. Cacanska beztrna. Redness and downward rolling of leaves were
symptoms observed in three localities in Central Serbia. The presence of
Stolbur phytoplasma, belonging to the taxonomic subgroup 16SrXII-A, in
diseased samples was confirmed by the PCR - RFLP analysis of 16S rDNA genes
and elongation factor Tu (tuf) gene. A sequence analysis of the tuf gene
confirmed homology with phytoplasmas stolbur tuf-type II detected previously
in Italian grapevines and red clovers in the Czech Republic. This is the
first report of Stolbur phytoplasma 16SrXII-A group tuf-type II on
blackberries in Serbia.
Nova Bosanka: New variety of winter wheat
Authors: Mandic Dragan , Djurasinovic Goran , Savic Bojana , Kikic Senad
Published: January 2012

Highly yielding, early maturing, excellent technological quality, resistent
to lodging, optimal seed size, good resistance to plant diseases. New variety
of winter wheat under the name Nova Bosanka was created by crossing the
genetically divergent parents. According to overall three-year average, the
variety Nova Bosanka achieved an average yield of 6.918 kg ha-1 which is
479,3 kg or 7,45% more than the values of standard variety Tina. Three-year
average of protein content was 12,8%, water apsorption 59%, energy of dough
100 cm2, belongs to B1 - quality group. By the trait of resistance to lodging
variety is at the level of standard.
Genetic association among root morphology, root quality and root yield in ashwagandha (Withania somnifera)
Authors: Kumar Ramesh , Reddy Anjaneya , Subbaiah Chinna , Kumar Niranjana , Prasad Nagendra , Bhukya Balakishan
Published: January 2012

Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) is a dryland medicinal crop and roots are
used as valuable drug in traditional systems of medicine. Morphological
variants (morphotypes) and the parental populations were evaluated for root -
morphometric, quality and yield traits to study genetic association among
them. Root morphometric traits (root length, root diameter, number of
secondary roots/ plant) and crude fiber content exhibited strong association
among them and showed significant positive genotypic correlation with yield.
Starch-fiber ratio (SFR), determinant of brittle root texture showed strong
negative association with root yield. The total alkaloid content had positive
genotypic correlation with root yield. So genetic upgradation should aim at
optimum balance between two divergent groups of traits i.e. root yield traits
(root morphometric traits and crude fiber content) and root textural quality
traits (starch content and SFR) to develop superior genotypes with better
yield and quality.
Does inbreeding affects developmental stability in Drosophila subobscura populations?
Authors: Kurbalija-Novicic Zorana , Stamenkovic-Radak Marina , Rasic Gordana , Andjelkovic Marko
Published: January 2012

In the present paper, we focused on the coadaptive aspect of genetic
variability at population level and its relation to genomic stress such as
inbreeding. The paper evaluates the effects of an experimental reduction of
average heterozygosity after fourteen generations of systematic inbreeding in
laboratory conditions, on developmental stability in Drosophila subobscura
populations from two ecologically and topologically distinct habitats,
knowing that they possess a certain degree of genetic differences due to
their different evolutionary histories. The aims were to analyze: (i) the
variability change of wing size (length and width) among the inbred lines
from both populations; (ii) the relations between homozigosity and level of
fluctuating asymmetry as a potential measure of developmental instability, in
inbred lines originating from two populations. Results for the wing size
showed similar between line variability pattern across generations of
systematic inbreeding in both populations. The obtained results suggest that
variability of fluctuating asymmetry as a measure of developmental
instability can not be related to homozygosity due to inbreeding per se, in
both experimental populations.