bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Atendendo à alta demanda de treinamento nas organizações e reduzindo os custos
Authors: Baldam Roquemar de Lima , Fiorot Guilherme Marques , Silva Rafael Moreira Grazia da , Pitanga Tullio Rocio , Vieira Vitor Azzari
Published: April 2018

Resumo: Estudos mostram que investimento em capacitação para os colaboradores traz benefícios para a organização, como o aumento de produtividade e a qualidade do produto ou serviço entregue. Por outro lado, o investimento necessário tem sido cada vez maior em razão dos custos diretos e indiretos relacionados às capacitações realizadas. Assim, o presente estudo foi realizado a partir da necessidade de aumentar a quantidade de qualificações dos colaboradores dentro de uma organização de grande porte, buscando, assim, uma maneira de suprir essa alta demanda, com redução intensa de custos e, ao mesmo tempo, garantindo a sua qualidade. O método desenvolvido é caracterizado por utilizar conceitos de Capacitação Dinâmica e Gestão de Competências, de modo a contribuir com as estratégias e necessidades da organização em atender às lacunas de competências. Por fim, houve uma a redução de 36% do custo médio de treinamento, atendendo à alta demanda por meio de um incremento de 164% na quantidade de capacitações, e, ao mesmo tempo, garantindo a qualidade.Palavras-chave: Capacidade dinâmica. Desempenho. Treinamento. Redução de custos. Given the high demand for training in organizations with cost reduction Abstract: Studies show that investment in training for employees brings benefits to the organization such as increased productivity and quality of the product or service delivered. On the other hand, the necessary investment has been increasing due to the direct and indirect costs related to the capacities carried out. Thus, the present study was based on the need to increase the number of qualifications of employees within a large organization, thus seeking a way to meet this high demand, with intense reduction of costs and, at the same time, their quality. The method developed is characterized by the use of Dynamic Training and Competence Management concepts, in order to contribute to the organization's strategies and needs in meeting the skills gaps. Finally, there was a 36% reduction in the average cost of training, attending to the high demand of the same through a 164% increase in the amount of training and, at the same time, guaranteeing quality.Keywords: Dynamic capability. Performance. Training. Cost reduction.
PLANEJAMENTO DE ENSINO E SUA ARTICULAÇÃO COM A FUNÇÃO SOCIAL DA ESCOLA
Authors: Colangeli Elisangela Fraga Rodrigues , Mello Maria Aparecida da Silva
Published: April 2018

O planejamento de ensino é a direção de uma unidade que possui objetivos conteúdos, métodos e avaliação. O papel do professor no processo de elaboração, execução e avaliação do planejamento de ensino, reforça o compromisso com a aprendizagem dos estudantes e com o cumprimento da função social da escola. Assim, entende-se o planejamento como uma forma de pensar e organizar a ação docente, de modo a favorecer um processo de ensino com foco na aprendizagem dos sujeitos e de sua inserção social como agente transformador. Foi neste sentido que este trabalho de pesquisa objetivou compreender como os professores dos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental realizam o planejamento de ensino e sua articulação com a função social da escola. Para tanto, realizou-se um estudo teórico sobre a função social da escola e o planejamento de ensino como contribuição para o processo educativo. Realizou-se também, uma pesquisa de campo com seis professoras de duas escolas públicas de Sombrio/SC, para identificar as ações desenvolvidas pelos professores para o cumprimento da função social, a relação do planejamento de ensino com a melhoria no processo ensino-aprendizagem e a relação e efeitos do planejamento  na formação integral dos alunos. Além das entrevistas, procurou-se analisar o projeto político pedagógico, com vistas a identificar a concepção de função social que cada escola descreve. Tendo por base esses dados analisados, constatou-se ao final da pesquisa, indícios de uma concepção de planejamento com aporte técnico e burocrático, sem a preocupação com o desenvolvimento de habilidades  que colaborem na formação  cidadã dos sujeitos. Foi possível constatar também, o distanciamento  do ato de planejar a ação docente com os  pressupostos teórico-práticos da função social da escola. Nesse sentido, entende-se a necessidade das Escolas Públicas de Sombrio/SC, refletirem sobre o papel do planejamento como instrumento necessário para o cumprimento da função social da escola, no sentido de colaborar para um ensino de qualidade e com  formação humana e cidadã. PALAVRAS CHAVE: Função social da escola.  Planejamento.  Prática pedagógica.
Partners in learning?: A qualitative study of the intimate relationships of partnered mature students in post-secondary education
Authors: Van Rhijn Tricia , Murray Sarah Hunter , Mizzi Robert
Published: April 2018

Mature students in post-secondary education face unique challenges negotiating both academic and familial responsibilities beyond those of their traditional-aged peers. The current study examined the bidirectional influences between intimate relationships and post-secondary study. Twenty-eight semi-structured interviews were conducted with heterosexual, cisgender, partnered, mature students attending various universities in southern Ontario, Canada. Through a thematic analysis, the research indicated that school had a number of negative impacts on mature students’ relationships; however, there were also some positive impacts. Intimate relationships were also described to have an impact on academic success. Mature students with supportive partners described being able to focus on school and perform better, while students with less supportive partners described difficulties allotting the amount of time to school that was required. Recommendations are made for post-secondary educational institutions to acknowledge the unique challenges faced by partnered mature learners and offer targeted support services.
Some Weak Variants of the Existence and Disjunction Properties in Intermediate Predicate Logics
Authors: Suzuki Nobu-Yuki
Published: April 2018

We discuss relationships among the existence property, the disjunction property, and their weak variants in the setting of intermediate predicate logics. We deal with the weak and sentential existence properties, and the Z-normality, which is a weak variant of the disjunction property. These weak variants were presented in the author’s previous paper [16]. In the present paper, the Kripke sheaf semantics is used.
Cut Elimination Theorem for Non-Commutative Hypersequent Calculus
Authors: Indrzejczak Andrzej
Published: April 2018

Hypersequent calculi (HC) can formalize various non-classical logics. In [9] we presented a non-commutative variant of HC for the weakest temporal logic of linear frames Kt4.3 and some its extensions for dense and serial flow of time. The system was proved to be cut-free HC formalization of respective temporal logics by means of Schütte/Hintikka-style semantical argument using models built from saturated hypersequents. In this paper we present a variant of this calculus for Kt4.3 with a constructive syntactical proof of cut elimination.
Demograficzne uwarunkowania rynku pracy w województwie dolnośląskim
Authors: Brezdeń Paweł , Górecka Stanisława , Lisowska Agnieszka
Published: April 2018

W artykule przeanalizowano zmiany liczby ludności ogółem oraz w wieku produkcyjnym w województwie dolnośląskim na tle zmian liczby pracujących i skali bezrobocia. Zmiany struktur demograficznych oraz poziomu zatrudnienia i bezrobocia zostały rozpatrzone także w kontekście przestrzennym, w układzie gmin województwa. Ponadto podjęto próbę określenia współzależności pomiędzy zmianami demograficznymi, będącymi konsekwencją procesu depopulacji a przemianami w zakresie liczby pracujących i bezrobotnych na lokalnych rynkach pracy województwa dolnośląskiego.
Zróżnicowanie depopulacji wynikającej z migracji na przykładzie Trójmiasta
Authors: Turzyński Marcin
Published: April 2018

Depopulacja ma różne przyczyny, które wpływają na znaczenie tego zjawiska dla miast. Podstawowymi są: migracje, ujemny przyrost naturalny, wojny i katastrofy naturalne. O ile te dwie ostatnie przyczyny mogą mieć skutek definitywny dla miasta, to migracje w zależności od kierunku nie są już tak jednoznaczne. Mogą mieć one skutek jedynie formalny – w przypadku migracji do miejscowości przymiejskich, położonych w sąsiednich gminach, ale stanowiących bezpośrednią kontynuację miasta, lub definitywny – w przypadku odpływu ludności do dalszych terenów podmiejskich, lub do innych miast i regionów.
Wyniki egzaminu gimnazjalnego jako miernik kapitału społecznego w aglomeracji poznańskiej
Authors: Walaszek Marzena
Published: April 2018

Celem autorki artykułu jest przedstawienie zróżnicowania przestrzennego wyników egzaminu gimnazjalnego w aglomeracji poznańskiej. W artykule odwołano się do teorii kapitału społecznego, rozwijanej na gruncie nauk społecznych przez J.S. Colemana, formułując tezę, że proces suburbanizacji powoduje zmianę społeczności lokalnych pod względem cech kapitału społecznego, co uwidacznia się w przestrzennym zróżnicowaniu wyników egzaminów gimnazjalnych.
Effects of chronic renal insufficiency on risk factors and results of endoscopy in patients with upper gastrointestinal system bleeding
Authors: BİNİCİER Ömer Burcak , UGUZTEMUR Esma
Published: April 2018

Aim: Acute upper
gastrointestinal system (GIS) bleeding is one of the leading causes of
mortality and morbidity. Presence of concomitant disease in upper GIS bleeding
is a mortality-associated risk factor, and chronic renal insufficiency (CRI) is
one of these concomitant diseases. In the present study, patients with CRI, who
had upper GIS bleeding and been treated as inpatient between January 2016 and
January 2017 at Tepecik Training and Research Hospital Clinic of
Gastroenterology, and the patients that had upper GIS bleeding without renal
insufficiency were comparatively investigated in terms of demographic
characteristics, presence of concomitant disease, drug usage, endoscopic
results, Forrest classification, and need for endoscopic intervention and
mortality. Materials
and Methods: A total of 194 patients were retrospectively
evaluated. The CRI group with a glomerular filtration rate (GFR) lower than 60
mL/min/1.73 m2 comprised 90 patients, whereas the control group with
a GFR of 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 and higher comprised 104 patients.Results: As the
result of the study, it was determined that CRI group was older and 96% of the
patients had a concomitant disease. Drug usage rate was higher than the control
group with aspirin used most frequently. Endoscopy was performed on Day 1 in
more than 70% of the cases.

Conclusion: Hospital
mortality rate was higher in CRI group (5.66% vs 2.88%, p=0.475) with lower
total mortality rate found in the present study as compared to the literature.
FDG PET/BT görüntülemede tiroid bezinde rastlantısal saptanan fokal artmış FDG tutulumunun klinik önemi
Authors: TATLIDİL Sevil , AKGÜN Ayşegül
Published: April 2018

Amaç: Bu çalışmada
tiroid bezinde önceden malignite varlığı bilinmeyen olgularda, FDG PET/BT
görüntüleme sırasında rastlantısal saptanan fokal artmış FDG (RSFA-FDG)
tutulumunun prevalansı, klinik önemi ve malignite oranlarını araştırmak
amaçlandı.

Gereç ve Yöntem: Mayıs 2014- Eylül 2016 tarihleri arasında FDG PET/BT
görüntülemesi yapılan 7267 hastada tiroid bezinde RSFA-FDG tutulumu saptanan
193 (%2.6) olgunun klinik takipleri ve SUVmax değerleri retrospektif
değerlendirildi. 

Bulgular: Tiroid bezinde RSFA-FDG tutulumlarının SUVmax değeri 3 -71
arasında olup ortalama 9.13±7.4 olarak saptandı. Hastaların %54.4’ünde
(105/193) olası tiroid patolojileriyle ilgili inceleme yapıldığı görüldü. 39
hastanın (%20.2) patolojik incelemesi mevcut olup, bunların 10’u tiroidektomi
materyali, 29 tanesi ise biyopsi sonucuydu. Biyopsi yapılan 29 hastadan iki
olgu tiroid papiller karsinomu (TPK), dört olgu TPK yönünden kuşkulu, biri
metastatik odak, 22’si ise benign hastalıklar lehine raporlanmıştı. Opere olan
10 hastanın beşinde TPK, ikisinde metastatik odak, kalan üç vakada ise tiroidin
benign nodüler hastalıklarıyla uyumlu bulgular saptanmıştı. Malignite tanısı
alan 10 tiroid nodülünde SUVmax değeri 3- 34.9 arasında olup
ortalama SUVmax: 12.5±9.1 idi. Serimizde FDG PET/BT görüntülemede
RSFA-FDG tutulumu gösteren tiroid nodülü saptanma oranı %2.6 olup, hastaların
%20.2’sinde patolojik inceleme yapılmış, malignite oranı %25.6 (10/39) olarak
saptanmıştır. 

Sonuç: FDG PET/BT
görüntüleme sırasında saptanan RSFA-FDG tutulumunda malignite oranının yüksek
olduğu görülmektedir. Hastaların büyük bölümüne ileri inceleme yapılmamış
olması primer maligniteye bağlı sağ kalım beklentisinin kısa olmasına bağlı
olabilir.
İnferior vena kava kollapsibilite indeksi (İVCCİ), pasif bacak kaldırma testi (PBKT), santral venöz basınç (CVP), laktat ve veno-arterial karbondioksit farkının (ΔpCO2) kritik yoğun bakım hastalarında korelasyonunun araştırılması
Authors: ARSLAN Murat , BALKAN Bedih , YEKTAŞ Abdulkadir , SABAZ Süleyman , YILDIRIM Kübra , HERGÜNSEL Gülsüm Oya
Published: April 2018

Amaç: Yoğun bakım ünitesinde yatan kritik hastalarda, hipovoleminin değerlendirmesi için kullandığımız inferior vena kava kollapsibilite indeksi (İVCCİ), santral venöz basınç (CVP), pasif bacak kaldırma testi (PBKT), laktat ve veno-arterial karbondioksit farkı (ΔpCO2) parametrelerinin birbiriyle korelasyonu ve ΔpCO2’in bu amaçla kullanılabilirliğini saptamak.Gereç ve Yöntem: Hastalar supin-nötr pozisyondayken CVP ölçüldü. CVP’nin <8 mmHg değeri hipovolemi lehine değerlendirildi. Yine aynı pozisyonda ultrasonografi cihazının ekokardiyografi (ECHO) probu ile inferior vena kava (İVC) görüntülemesi yapılıp İVCCİ hesaplandı, İVCCİ’nin >%45 değeri hipovolemi lehine değerlendirildi. Hastaya nabız basınç kontrollü PBKT uygulanıp sistolik tansiyonda >%12 artış pozitif olarak kabul edildi. Daha sonra hastalardan eş zamanlı santral venöz ve arteriel kan gazı çalışılarak ΔpCO2 ve arteriyel laktat düzeyine bakıldı.Bulgular: Çalışmamızda İVCCİ ve CVP arasında orta derecede negatif korelasyon (p=0.02), İVCCİ ile PBKT arasında orta derecede bir pozitif korelasyon (p<0.001) saptanırken, İVCCİ ile laktat düzeyi arasında zayıf pozitif korelasyon saptandı (p=0.032). ΔpCO2 ile diğer parametreler arasında herhangi bir korelasyon saptanmadı.Sonuç: İVCCİ’nin, non-invaziv bir yöntem olması ve aynı zamanda CVP, PBKT ve laktatla istatistiksel olarak korele olması nedenleriyle intravasküler sıvı volümü değerlendirmesinde kullanılabileceğini düşünmekteyiz.
Changes in ghrelin, leptin and ınsulin levels after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy
Authors: EROL Varlık , AYDIN Cengiz , UĞURLU Levent , TURGUT Emre , YALÇIN Hülya , ARSLAN Fatma Demet
Published: April 2018

Aim: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG), performed upon patients with morbid obesity, on weight loss and recovery of comorbid diseases as well as on metabolic and hormonal mechanisms by comparing pre and postoperative hormone levels.Materials and Methods: 38 patients having undergone LSG between May 2013 and May 2014 were included in the study. In this prospective study, patients’ demographic data and associated diseases; weight loss; pre and post-operative insulin levels in addition to pre and post-operative leptin and ghrelin levels in the eighth weeks were compared.Results: Of 38 patients included in the study there were 32 (84.2%) females and 6 (15.8%) males. Median leptin level was 11.16 ng/mL in the preoperative blood sample, whereas postoperative hormone level in the eighth week was 4.39 ng/mL. When ghrelin levels were examined; preoperative median was 25.72 pg/mL, whereas postoperative hormone level was 14.16 pg/mL in the eighth week. Preoperative median body mass index was determined to be 44.27 and post-operative median was observed to be 36.6 in the eighth week. No mortality was observed.Conclusion: Today LSG has become a unique surgical technique in the treatment of morbid obesity due to its efficiency in obtaining weight loss and its feasible complication rates. After reviewing the results of our study; we believe this surgical technique does not only provide continuity in weight loss by restrictive changes but at the same time by metabolic ones, too.
Erken tip ilaç reaksiyonlarında beş yıllık Çukurova Üniversitesi Çocuk Alerji Kliniği deneyimi
Authors: KONT ÖZHAN Aylin , DOĞRUEL Dilek , UFUK ALTINTAŞ Derya , YILMAZ Mustafa
Published: April 2018

Amaç: Çalışmamızın amacı, kliniğimize ilaç alerjisi şüphesiyle başvuran hastaların demografik özellikleri, sebep olan ilaçların sıklığı, ilaç alerjisinde tanısal testlerin katkısını belirlemektir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çukurova Üniversitesi Hastanesi Çocuk Alerji ve İmmünoloji Kliniği’ne Ocak 2010- Aralık 2015 tarihleri arasında erken tip ilaç alerjisi şüphesiyle başvuran 74 hasta çalışmaya dahil edildi. Hastaların tıbbi kayıtları incelenerek yaş, cinsiyet, şüpheli ilaç(lar), oluşan reaksiyon, şüpheli ilacın uygulama yolu, atopi ve eşlik eden hastalıklar, aile öyküsü, uygulanan tedavi ve tanısal testler retrospektif olarak değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Çalışmaya dahil edilen 74 hastada bildirilen 119 erken tip ilaç aşırı duyarlılık reaksiyonları değerlendirildi. İlaç ile ilişkili olduğu bildirilen en sık reaksiyon ürtiker (%40.2) ardından ürtiker/anjiyoödem (%29.8) ve anafilaksi (%10.3) olarak belirlendi. İlaçlardan sırasıyla en sık beta laktam antibiyotikler (%39.8), nonsteroid anti-inflamatuvarlar ile (%29.3) alerjik reaksiyon öyküsü vardı. Otuzaltı hastada (% 48.6) çoklu ilaç alerjisi öyküsü mevcuttu. Sonuç: Çalışmamızda beta laktam antibiyotikler en sık reaksiyon tarif edilen ilaçlar olup tanısal testler ile de bu sıklık doğrulanmıştır. Deri test ve/veya spesifik IgE ölçümü ile duyarlılık saptanmayan olgularda dahi tanıyı doğrulamak için ilaç provakasyon testlerinin de yapılması gerektiği saptanmıştır.
Kentsel Doku İçinde Yer Alan Modern Alışveriş Merkezlerinin Peyzaj Tasarım Kriterleri Yönünden Değerlendirilmesi: Manisa İli Forum Magnesia ve İzmir İli Optimum Outlet Alışveriş Merkezleri Örneği
Authors: Gülgün Aslan Bahriye , Yazici Kübra , Türkylmaz Tahta Bahar
Published: April 2018

Alışveriş
merkezleri, tarih boyunca değişip gelişim göstermiş ve dünya çapında ticari
arazi kullanımı ve bina tipi bakımından özelleşmiştir. Günümüzün değişen
şartları ile kullanıcı istek ve ihtiyaçları hızla değişmekte, kullanıcılar da
yeni alışveriş alışkanlıkları ve yeni değerler talep etmektedir. Gün geçtikçe
yaşam tarzları farklılaşan insanların artık daha kaliteli, her türlü
gereksinimlerini karşılayabileceği, boş vakitlerini değerlendirebileceği,
eğlenebileceği, alışverişini yapabileceği alanları tek bir çatı altında bulma
gereksinimi artmaktadır.

Çalışma
alanı olarak Ege bölgesinde yer alan ve kullanıcılar tarafından sıklıkla
kullanılan İzmir Optimum Outlet Alışveriş Merkezi ve Manisa Forum Magnesia Alışveriş
Merkezi ele alınmış olup her iki alan da nitelik-nicelik yönünden, yapısal ve
bitkisel peyzaj elemanlarının yeterlilikleri yönünden, literatüre bağlı olarak belirlenen
 peyzaj tasarım kriterleri çerçevesinde
uzman kişiler tarafından değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışma alanı, canlı ve cansız
materyaller dikkate alınarak iki grupta değerlendirilmiştir. Canlı materyaller
bölümünde araştırma alanlarının sahip olduğu bitkisel peyzaj dokusunu oluşturan
kültürel bitki materyali; cansız materyaller bölümünde ise araştırma
alanlarının yapısal peyzaj dokusunu oluşturan zorunlu kullanım alanları ve
donatı elemanları incelenmiştir.
The role of cervical vertebrae maturation in defining the chronological age of Down syndrome children
Authors: Rahmawati Aggiani Dewi , Ahmad Iwan , Setyawan Arlette Suzy
Published: April 2018

Background: The difficulty of determining chronological age is increased in individuals with conditions that may affect normal development. Some systemic conditions in children, for example Down syndrome, may cause abnormal physiological maturation. Skeletal and dental age are considered the most apt physiological age indicators in determining chronological age. Purpose: This study aimed to compare and analyze the relationship between two developmental parameters (dental history and skeletal age) as indicators of the chronological age of children with Down syndrome. Methods: The study design was cross-sectional with a paired t-test to analyze the differences in chronological and dental age of the samples. The radiograph selection was based on purposive sampling. The study material consisted of 30 panoramic radiographs and lateral cephalometrics of 6-14 years old children with Down syndrome and those experiencing normal development (control group) divided into two groups of 15 subjects who attended the Pediatric Dentistry Polyclinic, RSGM, Universitas Padjadjaran. Statistical analysis employed a t-test to determine the difference between chronological and dental age, while a Spearman rank correlation was used to evaluate the correlation between dental and skeletal age. Results: The results showed there to be no statistical difference between chronological and dental age, where p > 0.05, but a significant relationship between dental and skeletal age in children diagnosed with Down syndrome, where p = 0.05. Conclusion: It is concluded that dental age identified by means of the Nolla method is closer to chronological age than skeletal age using the cervical vertebrae maturation method.
A comparison of the adhesive strength of zinc phosphate and self-adhesive resin cement as fiber post cementation materials
Authors: Bonifacius Setyawan , Firman Deddy , Djiab Hasna
Published: April 2018

Background: The use of fiber post has become commonplace among dental practitioners due to its several advantages. In accordance with the intended use of post which provides retention for coronal restoration, a cement is used that can provide high quality adhesion. Conventional resin cement has long been adopted as a cementation material for consumer fiber post. However, allowing attachment fiber post failure due to errors in the cementing procedure leads to complications. Purpose: This study aimed to compare the adhesion strength of zinc phosphate cement and self-adhesive resin cement as fiber post cementation material. Both consumer cements were easy to use and cheap. Methods: The samples used numbered up to 20 and were divided into two groups. group 1 used zinc phosphate cement, while group 2 used self-adhesive resin cement. Results: The value of the average adhesion strength of group 1 (zinc phosphate) was 82.65 N, whereas that of group 2 (self-adhesive resin) was 402.81 N. Conclusion: This study concluded that the adhesive strength of self-adhesive resin cement as fiber post cementation material was higher than that of zinc phosphate cement.
Formulating Rice Fields Conversion Control to Oil Palm Plantations in Tidal Wetlands of South Sumatra, Indonesia
Authors: Wildayana Elisa
Published: April 2018

The research aimed to gain reasons of farmers to convert their rice fields, and to formulate rice fields conversion control to oil palm plantations in tidal wetlands of South Sumatra. The research was carried out in a drainage and irrigation area of Pulau Rimau, Banyuasin District South Sumatra. Collected data consists of primary and secondary data. Primary data are taken from farmers who have already converted their rice fields into oil palm plantations. Secondary data were collected from the village, the District Agriculture Office and Statistic Agency. Data was collected through the Focus Group Discussion (FGD). Data analysis was performed using Analysis Hierarchy Process (AHP) to determine the factors that influence the decision of farmers to convert their land to oil palm plantation. The research resulted that if rice yields was estimated an average 3.00 tons Milled Dry Grain (MDG)/ha, then in 2006 with the existing land could produce rice as much as 127,719 tons MDG/year, but in 2013 the productivity of agricultural land decreased to 60,138 tons MDG/year. If the predicted needs of rice in year 2006 were 50,000 tons MDG/year and increased by 75,000 tons MDG/year in 2013, then if the land use is not immediately controlled, that Pulau Rimau will deficit rice. Factors contributing to land conversion are divided into three factors, namely technical aspects, economical aspects and environment aspects. The control concept can be divided in macro concept and micro concept. The macro concept generally be only done by the government or a strong industry who pays a lot of attention to the local community. The micro concept programs can be done either by the government, private or local communities.
Study on Community Participation in The Land Clearing without Burning in Gambut Sub-District, South Kalimantan
Authors: Rianawati Fonny , Wati Susila
Published: April 2018

In connection with the Environment Minister regulation number 10 year 2010 about the Mechanism of Pollution Prevention and Environment and Life Damage chapter II, Article 3 (1) said that all of business and activities that use the forest or land should implement  land clearing without burning (LCWB) and is expected that all participating land preparation activities to implement these policies. This study was conducted to determine the level of community perception on LCWB and the land waste utilization by the community in Gambut Sub-district, South Kalimantan, Indonesia. The results showed that 15 respondent (49.83%) already knew about land clearing without burning. Low level of community participation is caused by community understanding about CLBW still low. About 64 % of respondents was included in the good category because the community has an interest to cultivate a waste from land clearing to decrease environment contamination.  About 60 % of the community thought that LCWB waste can be used for various purposes. Waste types which usually utilize by community was grass and rice husks.  The wastes were used as organic fertilizer and animal feed without further processing.
Contribution of Ameliorant Application on Carbon Balance in Rice (Oryza Sativa L.) Cropping in Peatland
Authors: Yulianingsing Eni , Susilawati HL , Setyanto Prihasto
Published: April 2018

Expansion of agricultural land is needed to accomplish the future national food demand. Expansion of agricultural land has been focused on marginal land such as peatland. The studies was carried out at IAERI experimental farm and used 12 microplots with each have a dimension of 1,5 m x 1,5 m x 1 m and was filled with peat from South Kalimantan. Amelioration treatments such as dolomite (Ca-rock), volcanic ash, peat fertilizer, Fe fertilizer, nitrification inhibitor and control were established as treatments to the microplots, after amelioration, the plots was planted by Inpara 2 rice cultivar. Data of the result was analyzed by Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Duncant Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The result showed that the highest net carbon from non ameliorant (control) and the lowest from volcanic ash. Net carbon highet at non ameliorant (control) 3785 kg-C/ha followed dolomite, Fe fertilizer, NI (nitrification inhibitor), peatland fertilizer and volcanic ash i.e 3238; 2082; 1574; 1439 and -712 kg-C/ha
Implementación de la evaluación por pares como herramienta de aprendizaje en grupos numerosos. Experiencia docente entre universidades = Implementation of the evaluation by pairs as a learning tool in large groups. Teaching experience between universities
Authors: Rodríguez Esteban Mª Ascensión , Frechilla-Alonso Mª Almudena , Saez-Pérez Mª Paz
Published: April 2018

ResumenUna “evaluación sostenible” abarca el conocimiento, las habilidades y predisposiciones requeridas para apoyar el aprendizaje durante toda la vida. En este contexto, la revisión por pares se propone como un importante mecanismo en el proceso calificador, que fue aplicado como una experiencia de innovación docente entre universidades, en un contexto multidisciplinar, como instrumento para el aprendizaje en las titulaciones de Graduado en Arquitectura Técnica y Edificación.Más allá del desarrollo de las destrezas exigidas a los titulados en estas disciplinas, como son, la práctica en el análisis de trabajos elaborados por un tercero, así como la responsabilidad en la toma de decisiones, otro de los objetivos perseguidos fue facilitar el proceso de corrección y evaluación en grupos numerosos.Los resultados de esta experiencia han verificado la viabilidad de esta técnica en el aprendizaje del alumnado.La capacidad crítica y la autocrítica han sido conseguidas por los estudiantes de grado en arquitectura técnica y grado en edificación. Han sido capaces de valorar sus propias acciones e identificar elementos que deben mantener, reforzar o modificar. Todo han sido ventajas para tratar de mejorar los procesos en estas técnicas, a pesar de aumentar el trabajo del docente en el proceso evaluador.Abstract“Sustainable evaluation” will be the assessment that considers the knowledge, skills and attitudes required to support lifelong learning. In this context, the peers assessment is proposed as an essential mechanism in the evaluation. That was the experience of innovation teaching carried out between universities in a multidisciplinary context, based on the application of peer assessment as a tool for learning of the graduate in Architecture and Building.Beyond the development of the skills required for graduates in these disciplines, such as the practice in the analysis of work done by another people, as well as the responsibility in decision making, another of the objectives pursued was to facilitate the process of correction and evaluation in large groups.The results of this experience have verified the viability of this technique in student learning. The students of the Degrees in Technical Architecture and Building have achieved the critical and the self-critical ability. They have been able to value their own actions and to identify elements that they should maintain, reinforce or modify. All have been advantages to try to improve these processes in these evaluation techniques, while increasing the work of the teacher in the evaluation process.
Transformación en la metodología del docente: “Método DIVE” = Changing the teaching methodology: “DIVE method”
Authors: Aguilera Benito Patricia , Bach Buendia Isabel , Piña Ramírez Carolina , Varela Lujan Sheila , Vidales Barriguete Alejandra
Published: April 2018

ResumenEn este artículo se describe la estrategia seguida para generar e impulsar procesos de aprendizaje, participación e indagación en el ámbito de las Instalaciones. Se aplica a las asignaturas de Instalaciones I y II del Grado de Edificación impartido en la Escuela Técnica Superior de Edificación de Madrid, con el fin de contribuir a la mejora del aprendizaje en niveles superiores de educación.La investigación desarrolla la creación y el estudio del método a seguir, con el análisis de cada una de las partes que lo forman. Este método se basa en un Aprendizaje por Descubrimiento Significativo realizado en cuatro fases: el Descubrimiento, la Investigación, la Visualización y la Ejecución.Se dan a conocer posteriormente los resultados obtenidos hasta la fecha con la metodología desarrollada para, de esta manera, poder desvelar el desarrollo interno de la propia estrategia dando cuenta de los resultados derivados de ella.AbstractThis article describes the strategy followed to generate and promote processes of learning, participation and inquiry in the field of Facilities. It is applied to the subjects of Installations I and II of the Degree of School of Building Engineering imparted in the Superior Technical School of Building of Madrid, in order to contribute to the improvement of learning in higher levels of education.The research develops the creation and study of the method to be followed, with the analysis of each of the parts that form it. This method is based on a Significant Discovery Learning realized in four phases: the Discovery, the Investigation, the Visualization and the Execution.The results obtained to date with the methodology developed to reveal the internal development of the strategy itself, giving an account of the results derived from it, are presented later.
Myeloperoxidase as an Active Disease Biomarker: Its Recent Biochemical and Pathological Perspectives
Authors: Khan Amjad A. , Alsahli Mohammad A. , Rahmani Arshad H.
Published: April 2018

Myeloperoxidase (MPO) belong to the family of heme containing peroxidases, produced mostly from polymorphonuclear neutrophils. The active enzyme (150 kD) is the product of MPO gene located on long arm of chromosome 17. The primary gene product undergoes several modifications like removal of introns and signal peptide and leads to the formation of enzymatically inactive glycosylated apoproMPO which complexes with chaperons, producing active proMPO by the insertion of heme moiety. The active enzyme is a homodimer of heavy and light chain protomers. This enzyme is released into extracellular fluid after oxidative stress and different inflammatory responses. MPO is the only type of peroxidase using H2O2 to oxidize several halides and pseudohalides to form different hypohalous acids. So the antibacterial activities of MPO involve the production of reactive oxygen and reactive nitrogen species. Controlled MPO release at the site of infection is of prime importance for its efficient activities. Any uncontrolled degranulation exaggerates the inflammation that can also lead to tissue damage even in absence of inflammation. Several types of tissue injuries and pathogenesis of several other major chronic diseases like rheumatoid arthritis, cardiovascular diseases, liver diseases, diabetes and cancer have been reported to be linked with myeloperoxidase derived oxidants. So the enhanced level of MPO activity is one of the best diagnostic tool of inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers among these commonly occurring diseases.
Feynman Paths and Weak Values
Authors: Flack Robert , Hiley Basil
Published: April 2018

There has been a recent revival of interest in the notion of a `trajectory' of a quantum particle. In this paper we detail the relationship between Dirac's ideas, Feynman paths and the Bohm approach. The key to the relationship is the weak value of the momentum which Feynman calls a transition probability amplitude. With this identification we are able to conclude that a Bohm `trajectory' is the average of an ensemble of actual individual stochastic Feynman paths. This implies that they can be interpreted as the mean momentum flow of a set of individual quantum processes and not the path of an individual particle. This enables us to give a clearer account of the experimental two-slit results of Kocsis {\em et al.}}
Production of Cationic Polyacrylamide Flocculant P(AM–DMDAAC) by Microwave Assisted Synthesis, its Characterization and Flocculation Perfomance
Authors: Zhang Peng , Zhao Dongqin , Zhang Xue
Published: April 2018

A composite flocculant P(AM–DMDAAC) was synthesized by the copolymerization of acrylamide (AM) and dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride (DMDAAC). Using microwave (MV) assistance with ammonium persulfate as initiator, the synthesis provided short reaction time and better solubility product. Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H NMR and 13C NMR), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and differential thermal analysis-thermo gravimetric analyzer (DTA-TGA) were used to determine the structure and morphology of P(AM–DMDAAC). Parameters affecting the intrinsic viscosity ([η]) of P(AM–DMDAAC), such as microwave time, mass ratio of DMDAAC to AM, initiator ammonium persulfatedosage, sodium benzoate dosage, bath time, reaction temperature and pH value were examined. Results showed that the optimum synthesis conditions were microwave time 1.5 min, m(DMDAAC): m(AM) is 4:16, 0.5 wt‰ initiator, 0.4 wt‰ EDTA, 0.3 wt‰ sodium benzoate, 2 wt‰ urea, 4 h bath time, 4.0h reaction time and pH 2. To study the removal of phenol by P(AM–DMDAAC), the influence of flocculant dose, pH value and the stirring speed were investigated, with optimization providing 99.8 % removal.
Permeability of Novel Chitosan-g-poly (Methyl Methacrylate) Amphiphilic Nanoparticles in a Model of Small Intestine in Vitro
Authors: Noi Imrit , Schlachet Inbar , Kumarasamy Murali , Sosnik Alejandro
Published: April 2018

Engineering of drug nanocarriers combining fine-tuned mucoadhesive/mucopenetrating properties is currently being investigated to ensure more efficient mucosal drug delivery. Aiming to improve the transmucosal delivery of hydrophobic drugs, we designed a novel kind nanogel produced by the self-assembly of amphiphilic chitosan graft copolymers ionotropically crosslinked with sodium tripolyphosphate. In this work, we synthesized for the first time chitosan-g-poly(methyl methacrylate) nanoparticles thiolated by the conjugation of N-acetyl cysteine. First, we confirmed that both non-crosslinked and crosslinked nanoparticles in the 0.05-0.1% w/v concentration range display very good cell compatibility in two cell lines that are relevant to oral delivery, Caco2 cells that mimic the intestinal epithelium and HT29-MTX cells that produce mucin. Then, we evaluated the effect of crosslinking, nanoparticle concentration and thiolation on the permeability in vitro utilizing monolayers of (i) Caco2 and (ii) Caco2:HT29-MTX cells (9:1 cell number ratio). Results confirmed that the ability of the nanoparticles to cross Caco2 monolayer was affected by the crosslinking. In addition, thiolated nanoparticles interact more strongly with mucin, resulting in a decrease of the apparent permeability coefficient (Papp) compared to the pristine nanoparticles. Moreover, for all the nanoparticles, higher concentration resulted in lower Papp suggesting indicating that the transport pathways could undergo saturation.
Synergy in Knowledge-Based Innovation Systems at National and Regional Levels: The Triple Helix Model and the Fourth Industrial Revolution
Authors: Leydesdorff Loet
Published: April 2018

Different from national systems of innovation, a knowledge-based economy is grounded in the volatility of discursive knowledge enabling us to specify expectations. Expectations can be improved by testing against observations. Furthermore, expectations can differently be codified; for example, in terms of market perspectives and technological opportunities. The Triple Helix of university-industry-government relations provides first a (neo-)institutional model. However, three functions are recombined at the systems level in each instantiation: wealth generation (by industry), novelty production (academia), and legislation and regulation (government). The Triple-Helix synergy indicator enables us to use the institutional arrangements as instantiations of the knowledge-dynamics and thus to assess the generation of options and reduction of uncertainty in information-theoretical terms. The Fourth Industrial Revolution entails the transition to the reflexive entertaining of expectations in terms of models as increasingly the sources of innovations.
Differences in Leaf Temperature between Lianas and Trees in the Neotropical Canopy
Authors: Guzmán Q. J. Antonio , Sánchez-Azofeifa G. Arturo , Rivard Benoit
Published: April 2018

Leaf temperature (Tleaf) influences photosynthesis and respiration. Currently, there is a growing interest on including lianas in productivity models due to their increasing abundance, and their detrimental effects on net primary productivity in tropical environments. Therefore, understanding the differences of Tleaf between lianas and trees is important for future of forest on whole ecosystem productivity. Here we determined the displayed leaf temperature (Td= Tleaf – ambient temperature) of several species of lianas and their host trees during ENSO and non-ENSO years to evaluate if the presence of lianas affects the Td of their host trees, and if leaves of lianas and their host trees exhibit differences in Td. Our results suggest that close to midday, the presence of lianas does not affect the Td of their host trees; however, lianas tend to have higher values of Td than their hosts across seasons, in both ENSO and non-ENSO years. Although lianas and trees tend to have similar physiological-temperature responses, differences in Td could lead to significant differences in rates of photosynthesis and respiration based temperature response curves. Future models should thus consider differences in leaf temperature between these life forms to achieve robust predictions of productivity.
Wind Turbine Power Curve Upgrades
Authors: Astolfi Davide , Castellani Francesco , Terzi Ludovico
Published: April 2018

Full-scale wind turbine technology has been widely developing in the recent years and condition monitoring techniques assist at the scope of making 100\% technical availability a realistic perspective. In this context, several retrofitting techniques are being used for further improving the efficiency of wind kinetic energy conversion. This kind of interventions is costly and, furthermore, the estimation of the energy enhancement is commonly provided under the hypothesis of ideal conditions, as for example absence of wakes between nearby turbines. A precise quantification of the energy gained by retrofitting is therefore precious in real conditions, that can be very different from ideal ones. In this work, three kinds of retrofitting are studied through the operational data of test case wind farms: improved start-up through pitch angle adjustment near the cut-in, aerodynamic blade retrofitting by means of vortex generators and passive flow control devices, extension of the power curve by raising cut-out and high wind speed cut-in. SCADA data are employed and reliable methods are formulated for estimating the energy improvement from each of the above retrofitting. Further, an insight is provided about wind turbine functioning under very stressing regimes, as for example high wind speeds.
The FA Polymerization Disruption by Protic Polar Solvent
Authors: Falco Guillaume , Guigo Nathanael , Vincent Luc , Sbirrazzuoli Nicolas
Published: April 2018

Furfuryl alcohol (FA) is a biobased monomer derived from lignocellulosic biomass. The present work describes its polymerization in presence of protic polar solvents, i.e. water or isopropyl alcohol (IPA), using maleic anhydride (MA) as acidic initiator. The polymerization was followed from the liquid to the rubbery state by combining DSC and DMA data. In the liquid state, IPA disrupts the expected reactions during all the FA polymerization due to a stabilization of the furfuryl carbenium center. This causes the initiation of the polymerization at higher temperature, which is also reflected by higher activation energy. In water system, the MA opening allows to start the reaction at lower temperature. A higher pre-exponential factor value is obtained in that case. The DMA study of final branching reaction occurring in the rubbery state has highlighted continuous increase of elastic modulus until 290 °C. This increasing tendency of modulus was exploited to obtain activation energy dependences (Eα) of FA polymerization in the rubbery state.
Fitness in Evolutionary Biology
Authors: Hansen Thomas F.
Published: April 2018

A review of the concept of "fitness" as it is used in evolutionary theory.
Management of the Mangled Upper Extremity
Authors: Miller Erin A. , Iannuzzi Nicholas P. , Kennedy Stephen A.
Published: April 2018

* Management of the mangled upper extremity prioritizes life before limb, with control of bleeding most often achieved with direct pressure.

* Infection is reduced by immediate antibiotic administration, excisional debridement within 24 hours, skeletal stabilization, and wound management that promotes healing.

* High-pressure irrigation, soaps, and prolonged antibiotics have unclear benefit, and possible harm, with respect to the ultimate outcome of the mangled upper extremity.

* Complex bone, nervous, vascular, and soft-tissue injuries require individually tailored reconstruction, frequently performed at a specialized center.

* Occupational therapy, physical therapy, prosthetics, and psychological support are essential parts of the management and should be considered at each stage throughout recovery.
Ultrasonography in Trauma: Physics, Practice, and Training
Authors: Saranteas Theodosios , Igoumenou Vasilios G. , Megaloikonomos Panayiotis D. , Mavrogenis Andreas F.
Published: April 2018

* Ultrasonography has gained a unique role in assisting emergency medicine physicians in the trauma setting. Its major advantages include safety, bedside availability, repeatability, and portability. In addition, it does not have to interrupt resuscitation, it does not require sedation, it takes images in real time using multiplanar and nonstandard imaging, and it provides interventional guidance.

* Advances in technology have enabled portable ultrasonography devices to offer excellent imaging quality and a quick-start function. In trauma, it can be used in the pre-hospital setting, in disaster situations, during patient retrieval, and in the hospital setting from the emergency department to the operating room, intensive care units, and the wards. It can be used by pre-hospital medical staff, emergency physicians, trauma surgeons, anesthesiologists, radiologists, and sonographers after adequate training.

* The limitations of ultrasonography in trauma include the skill of the operators, the need for training and experience, and image artifacts and display.
A critical assessment of the NMC Horizon reports project
Authors: Grussendorf Sonja
Published: April 2018

Horizon reports have been published since 2004. The intended purpose of all these publications, whether taken as a whole or taken individually is “to help educators and thought leaders across the world build upon the innovation happening at their institutions by providing them with expert research and analysis”. The reports are certainly widely cited but there is a lack of critical engagement with them. This paper intends to question hidden assumptions in these reports that may have made the community blind to the need for critical assessments of them.  Specifically, it will discuss how accurate the reports' forecasts are, and in which way that matters; it will inquire into its influence on 'thought leaders and finally, what underlying ideological bias they may subscribe to that the eLearning community needs to be alert to.
INNOVATIVE ENTERPRISES AS A WAY TO STABLE ECONOMY IN SINGLE-INDUSTRY TOWNS (MEDICAL EQUIPMENT PRODUCTION CASE STUDY)
Authors: Угольников В. , Ugolnikov V.
Published: April 2018

The current research features various models of social and economic development in single-industry towns in the sphere of medical innovations. Methodological basis of the article are the works by A. I. Tatarkin, V. N. Bobkov, I. V. Makarova, P.S. Mstislavsky, A. N. Oleinik, V. I. Perkhov, O. V. Pushkarev, O. M. Roy The study results can be used in scientific and practical research in the fields of innovations, healthcare, high-tech medical care, innovative development of territories, and project activities. In general, the study can assist single-industry cities with a complex socioeconomic situation. Research results. We have established a connection between the life quality in problemplagued single-industry towns and public health. The population of such single-profile settlements decreases due to social-economic policies of local and regional authorities, since programs for their development do not presuppose innovative production.
In conclusion, the authors recommend starting enterprises that would produce innovative
products. These enterprises are associated with providing the population with hightech medical care and services. The recommendations will lead to an improvement of the quality of life, population growth and density, changes in the age structure, and an increase in the life expectancy. This measure will help to stabilize a pre-crisis situation / crisis situation and facilitate the development of socio-economic processes