bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Takaran Biochar Sekam Padi dan Kompos Kotoran Ayam terhadap Pertumbuha dan Hasil Kubis Bunga (Brassica oleraceae, L.)
Authors: Mau Theodorus Talo , Neonbeni Eduardus Yosef
Published: February 2021

Kubis bunga (Brassica oleracea, L.) atau kembang kol merupakan komoditas sayur yang dikonsumsi massa bunganya (curd). Jenis sayuran ini sangat di gemari masyarakat umum selain karena cita rasanya enak dan lezat untuk di buat sop dan juga mengandung gizi yang cukup tinggi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh takaran biochar sekam padi dan kompos kotoran ayam terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil kubis bunga. Penelitian ini telah dilaksanakan pada bulan Agustus sampai Oktober 2017, di kebun percobaan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Timor, Kelurahan Sasi, Kecamatan Kota Kefamenanu, Kabupaten TTU. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) faktorial 3x3 yang diulang 3 kali. Faktor pertama adalah biochar sekam padi yang terdiri dari 3 aras yaitu tanpa penggunaan biochar, biochar 2,5 t/ha, biochar 5 t/ha dan faktor kedua adalah kompos kotoran ayam yang terdiri dari tiga aras yaitu tanpa kompos, kompos 2,5 t/ha, kompos 5 t/ha. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa tidak terjadi interaksi antar parameter baik pada parameter lingkungan maupun pada parameter hasil, namun perlakuan biochar 5 t/ha dan kompos kotoran ayam 5 t/ha memberikan pertumbuhan tanaman kubis bunga terbaik.
Relationship Between Finnish Diabetic Risk Score (FINDRISC) with Health-Related Quality of Life in Yogyakarta
Authors: Wahyuningtyas Ninda Sari , Perwitasari Dyah Aryani , Satibi Satibi
Published: February 2021

The number of people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Indonesia increases every year. Control of the development of T2DM can be done by screening using Finnish Diabetic Risk Score (FINDRISC)-Indonesian. FINDRISC is a valid tool for estimating the risk of T2DM within the next 10 years. This condition can have a major impact on the estimated life span and quality of life in the future. The purpose of this research is to determine the relationship between FINDRISC-Indonesian and respondent characteristics with HRQoL from EuroQol-5 Dimension-5 Level (EQ-5D-5L) in Yogyakarta. We conducted a cross-sectional study consisting of 125 respondents who met the inclusion criteria. The risk of developing T2DM was assessed using a validated and widely used FINDRISC (range 0-26 points), and quality of life was measured by the EQ-5D-5L instrument. Overall data were analyzed using the Pearson correlation test and Independent t-test. The results showed the domain of pain was the domain that reported most respondents' most problems (28.8%). The respondent's utility value was 0.958 ± 0.69, and the VAS value was 79.4 ± 0.7. There was a significant difference in utility value based on age characteristics (p = 0.013). There is a relationship between age and utility value (p = 0.006) and FINDRISC score with utility value (p = 0.003). This study's conclusion was high FINDRISC affects the quality of life, and older age has a low quality of life.
Pemanfaatan Video YouTube tentang Anemia pada Remaja Putri di SMK YPSEI Palangka Raya
Authors: Hatini Erina Eka , Noordiati Noordiati
Published: February 2021

Prevalence of anemia is about 29% (496 million) in women who are not pregnant, and about 38 % or 32.4 million pregnant women aged 15-49 years are anemic. (WHO, 2014 ) . About 23% of adolescent girls experience anemia due to iron deficiency and have low knowledge about anemia. This study aims to analyze the use of Video Youtube to increase the knowledge of young girls about Anemia. This study was using one design group comparison pretest-posttest design. About 96% of respondents are 14-16 years old, 4% of respondents are ≥17 years old. As many as 100% of young girls know information about anemia from health education by health workers. Around 64 % of young girls experience menstruation around the age of 10-13 years, 36 % at age 14-16 years. Analysis using the Wilcoxon test, the average score of girls knowledge was 52.00 before the intervention and after the intervention, the average knowledge score of the young girls was around 83.60. The analysis has obtained a p-value of 0.000 (p <0.05), which indicates the intervention counseling video increases young girls' knowledge about anemia significantly.
Hubungan Pola Asuh Orang Tua terhadap Kejadian Sibling Rivalry pada Anak di RW 002 Kelurahan Bukit Tempayan Kecamatan Batu Aji Kota Batam
Authors: Panggabean Septi Maisyaroh Ulina
Published: February 2021

The way parents educate and raise children is influenced by many factors such as culture, religion, customs, beliefs, and personality of the parents. This study aimed to determine the relationship between parenting parents with the incidence of sibling rivalry in children. This study is an analytical cross-sectional correlation, the total population of samples taken with accidental sampling technique, the sample size of 20 respondents. The results showed the majority of children experience sibling rivalry events, from the results of the Chi-Square test of goodness of fit p-value of 0.001 with a significance level of 0.05, meaning that there is a significant relationship between parenting parents with the incidence of sibling rivalry. From this study, it can be seen that most of the respondents who apply pemanja authoritarian parenting and sibling rivalry occurs in children. Parents need to know and understand in applying parenting according to the stage of the child's behavior. Necessary counseling and guidance on parenting books that fit the child's development phase.
Identifikasi Kandungan Metabolit Sekunder dan Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak n-Heksana Kulit Jeruk Bali (Citrus maxima Merr.).
Authors: La Elisabeth Oriana Jawa , Sawiji Repining Tiyas , Yuliani Ni Made Rai
Published: February 2021

Degenerative diseases triggered by antioxidants in the body are unable to neutralize the increased concentration of free radicals that can cause cell damage, so to destroy free radicals it is necessary to have antioxidants from outside the body. Grapefruit peel (Citrus Maxima Merr) is one plant that is known to have a lot of secondary metabolite content however it is not fully utilized. To analyze the content of chemical compounds and the antioxidant effect of n-hexane extract of Grapefruit peel (Citrus Maxima Merr.). Identification of chemical compounds was carried out by phytochemical screening and confirmed by the analysis of the extract thin layer chromatography profile, whereas the antioxidant activity test was carried out using the radical capture method of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) with Trolox as a comparison. The results of the identification of Grapefruit peel (Citrus Maxima Merr) extracts is containing secondary metabolites in the form of flavonoids, saponins, alkaloids, triterpenoids/steroids, and tannins. The results of antioxidant activity test extracts of grapefruit peel(Citrus Maxima Merr) and Trolox each showed values that: IC50 111.69 ppm and 12.143 ppm. From the results of this test, the extract of grapefruit peel (Citrus Maxima Merr) has moderate antioxidant activity when compared to Trolox.
Hubungan Tingkat Pengetahuan dan Sikap Remaja Putri tentang Seksual Pra Nikah di SMA Negeri "Y" Kota Batam Tahun 2016
Authors: Fariningsih Erika
Published: February 2021

Premarital sexual behavior in adolescents is all behavior that is driven by the desire teenager well with the opposite sex or same-sex committed before their official relationship as husband and wife. Sexual objects could be someone else, people in the delusion, or self. Kinds of premarital sex among other things: kissing, necking, petting, intercourse. About 54% of the teenage single women had lost their virginity. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between Knowledge and Attitudes of Young Women With Pre-Marital Sexual Behavior In SMAN “Y” Batam 2016. In research using quantitative research with an analytical design using the cross-sectional approach, the samples of research use Probability Sampling Methods and techniques Simple Sampling with 218 respondents. The results of the research are most of the respondents have good knowledge about sexual behavior before marriage as many as 211 respondents (96.8%) and a positive attitude about the premarital sexual behavior of 132 respondents (60.6%). From the results of Chi-Square test knowledge study is p-value 0,001 > 0,05 and attitudes p-value 0.002 > 0.05. The conclusion of this research is There are Relationship Knowledge and Attitudes About Sexual Behaviour of Young Women Pre Marital In SMAN “Y” Batam.
PEMANFAATAN INTERNET SEBAGAI SUMBER PEMBELAJARAN DAN KEMANDIRIAN BELAJARAN BAGI ANAK TIBAN LAMA
Authors: Yenni Yusli , Simatupang James
Published: February 2021

Perkembangan Teknologi Komputer saat ini telah berkembang dengan sangat pesat, hampir seluruh aspek kehidupan manusia tidak terlepas dari pemanfaatan teknologi komputer. Perkembangan teknologi juga di dukungan perkembangan internet bagi semua kalangan mulai dari anak kecil sampai orang dewasa semua menggunakan internet untuk menunjang aktivitas kegiatan. Perkembangan teknologi juga dapat dirasakan dalam penggunaan internet sebagai media pembelajaran. Prestasi belajar merupakan hal yang tidak dapat dipisahkan dari kegiantan belajar, karena dari kegiatan belajaran yang baik maka didapatlah prestasi yang baik juga. Sedang internet merupakan sebuah media komunikasi global yang menghubungkan komponen-komponen komputer dalam jaringan-jaringan komputer diseluruh dunia. Internet dalam dunia pendidikan dapat menyediakan akses seperti perpustakaan online, sumber literatur dan akses materi pembelajaran dapat di akses dengan mudah dengan melalui internet. Melalui pemanfaatan internet dalam dunia pendidikan harus digunakan secara maksimal dan bijaksanaan dalam penggunaannya sehingga tidak terjadi kesalahan pemanfaatan yang nanti bisa merusak generasi muda bangsa.  Dalam penggunaan internet juga bisa meningkatkan kemandirian belajar. Kemandirian belajar juga diperlukan untuk mendorong siswa agar berjalar secara inisiatif dan mamacu diri untuk belajar terus menerus. Kemandirian belar juga mendorong untuk menjadi kepribadian yang penuh percaya diri. Kemandirian dalam belajar juga mendorong siswa untuk belajar secara displin dan penuh percaya diri serta tidak lagi bergantungan kepada orang lain. Dengan internet semua orang bisa menerapkan kemandirian belajar dengan efektif dan efisien.
PELATIHAN PERSIAPAN KEGIATAN OLIMPIADE MATEMATIKA SEBAGAI TAMBAHAN EKSTRAKURIKULER DI SMAN 2 TANJUNG BALAI TAHUN PELAJARAN 2017/2018.
Authors: Anim Anim , Rahmadani Elfira , Prasetyo Yogo Dwi
Published: February 2021

Abstract: Many ways taken by the government to realize the human resources of Indonesia with intellectual ability that can compete with the region even with other countries, one of them with a Mathematics Olympiad held both elementary / MI, SMP / MTs., SMA / SMK / MA even the level of Students . But sometimes those who can enjoy the Olympics are only certain schools. This is due to the lack of socialization conducted by the government regarding such activities as well as the factor of the school itself which still has a sense of inferior to compete with other schools. The purpose of this training activity is to improve the ability of students to solve Mathematics Olympic questions. The implementation of this activity was carried out at SMAN 2 Tanjung Balai, with the method of providing training and training strategies prepared by the writing team. the results of the training, that students are very enthusiastic in discussing Mathematical Olympiad problems with the tricks provided and they can easily answer the questions given without the constraints which means are expected to produce new seeds from the winners of the Mathematics Olympiad. Keywords: Training, Problem Prediction, Mathematics Olympiad.  Abstrak: Banyak cara yang ditempuh oleh pemerintah untuk mewujudkan sumber daya manusia Indonesia dengan kemampuan intelektual yang dapat bersaing dengan daerah bahkan dengan Negara lain, salah satunya dengan diadakan Olimpiade Matematika baik tingkat SD/MI, SMP/MTs., SMA/SMK/MA bahkan tingkat Mahasiswa. Namun terkadang yang bisa menikmati kegiatan olimpiade tersebut hanyalah sekolah-sekolah tertentu saja. Hal tersebut disebabkan masih kurangmya sosialisasi yang dilakukan pemerintah mengenai kegiatan tersebut serta faktor dari sekolah itu sendiri yang masih memiliki rasa minder untuk bersaing dengan sekolah-sekolah lain. Tujuan dalam kegiatan pelatihan ini adalah untuk meningkatkan kemampuan peserta didik dalam menyelesaikan soal-soal Olimpiade Matematika. Penyelenggaraan kegiatan ini dilaksanakan di SMAN 2 Tanjung Balai, dengan metode memberikan pelatihan dan strategi pelatihan yang sudah disiapkan oleh tim penulis. hasil pelatihan tersebut, bahwa siswa sangat antusias dalam membahas soal-soal Olimpiade Matematika dengan  trik yang diberikan dan mereka pun dapat dengan mudah menjawab soal-soal yang diberikan tanpa kendala yang berarti diharapkan mampu menghasilkan bibit-bibit baru dari pemenang Olimpiade Matematika. Kata Kunci : Pelatihan, Prediksi Soal, Olimpiade Matematika.
PEMANFAATAN MEDIA SOSIAL SEBAGAI MEDIA INFORMASI UPT. PUSKESMAS PORSEA
Authors: Karim Syahputra Abdul , Kurniawan Edi , Nofriadi Nofriadi
Published: February 2021

Abstract: Community service activities which are given the title “Use of Social Media As Information Media UPT. Porsea Health Center” aims to provide information to all Porsea people about health openly. The method used in this activity is direct observation to the healt center by retrieving data along with documentation from Porsea health center all of which will later be poured out on social media. other than that, data and information collection also carried out by the lecturer team as the perpetrator of this service activity by direct interview to staff and employees which is in the Porsea health center. The final result of this service utilize social media as information giver to porsea society equipped with supporting pictures. Keywords: Social Media, Information, Helath Center, Whatsapp  Abstrak: Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat yang diberi judul “Pemanfaatan Media Sosial Sebagai Media Informasi UPT. Puskesmas Porsea” bertujuan untuk memberikan informasi kepada seluruh masyarakat porsea tentang kesehatan secara terbuka. Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan ini adalah observasi langsung ke puskesmas dengan mengambil data-data beserta dokumentasi dari puskesmas Porsea yang nantinya akan dituangkan semuanya media sosial. Selain itu, pengumpulan data dan informasi juga dilakukan tim dosen selaku pelaku kegiatan pengabdian ini dengan cara wawancara langsung kepada staf dan pegawai yang ada di lingkungan puskesmas Porsea. Hasil akhir dari pengabdian ini adalah memanfaatkan media sosial  sebagai pemberi informasi kepada masyarakat Porsea dilengkapi dengan gambar-gambar pendukung Kata kunci: Sosial Media, Informasi, Pusat Kesehatan, Whatsapp
Dairy quality management promotes economic and environmental gains
Authors: Mendes Adriano Rogério , Andreazzi Márcia Aparecida , Simonelli Sandra Maria , Cavalieri Fábio Luiz Bim , Silva Vinicius Eduardo Gargaro
Published: February 2021

The world dairy cattle industry has advanced, but in Brazil, the quality of milk is a barrier to the strengthening of the chain. Thus, the objective of this research was to institute an action plan in ten dairy farms in the southern region of Brazil, which produced low quality milk, and to monitor changes in quality and economic gain, during one year. Critical points were identified and an action plan based on good agricultural practices and mastitis control was instituted. Monitoring consisted of collecting and analyzing milk samples for levels of fat, protein, somatic cell count and standard plate count. After twelve months, there was an increase (p<0.05) in the levels of fat and protein and a reduction (p<0.05) in the somatic cell count and in the standard plaque count. The action plan improved the quality of milk and, therefore, reduced the disposal of milk in the environment, and increased the profitability of the properties studied.
A Síndrome de Takotsubo (Síndrome do coração partido): Aspectos hormonais
Authors: Lima Antonio Emanoel Farias , Paz Francisco Adalberto do Nascimento
Published: February 2021

A síndrome de Takotsubo é tida como uma insuficiência cardíaca aguda reversível que é resultante do atordoamento miocárdico catecolaminérgico, tendo como principal sintomatologia a dor no peito e dispneia. O estudo objetivou buscar na literatura evidências sobre a influência hormonal no desencadeamento da síndrome de Takotsubo. Foi realizada uma revisão integrativa da literatura com busca na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), usando os descritores Cardiomiopatia de Takotsubo, Catecolaminas, diagnóstico; sendo inclusos artigos completos, disponíveis em português, inglês ou espanhol, publicados entre 2010 e 2020. Após análise criteriosa dos resultados obtidos, foram selecionados 10 estudos para compor a pesquisa. Os resultados mostraram uma forte relação entre a liberação hormonal e o desencadeamento da síndrome. As catecolaminas liberadas a partir de uma hiperestimulação do sistema hipotálamo-hipófise-adrenal exercem efeitos importantes na velocidade da contratilidade e força de contração do músculo cardíaco, resultando em perturbação da função cardíaca e aparecimento da síndrome. Conclui-se ainda que a liberação aumentada desses hormônios é estimulada principalmente por situações de estresse, como trauma emocional e estresse cirúrgico. Destaca-se a necessidade de mais estudos na área, como ensaios clínicos, que forneçam mais evidências dessa atuação hormonal no aparecimento da síndrome de Takotsubo, bem como a realização de estudos nacionais, tendo em vista que a grande maioria dos estudos são internacionais.
Diets and Cellular-Derived Microparticles: Weighing a Plausible Link With Cerebral Small Vessel Disease
Authors: Nassir Che Mohd Nasril Che Mohd , Ghazali Mazira Mohamad , Hashim Sabarisah , Idris Nur Suhaila , Yuen Lee Si , Hui Wong Jia , Norman Haziq Hazman , Gau Chuang Huei , Jayabalan Nanthini , Na Yuri , Feng Linqing , Ong Lin Kooi , Abdul Hamid Hafizah , Ahamed Haja Nazeer , Mustapha Muzaimi
Published: February 2021

Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) represents a spectrum of pathological processes of various etiologies affecting the brain microcirculation that can trigger neuroinflammation and the subsequent neurodegenerative cascade. Prevalent with aging, CSVD is a recognized risk factor for stroke, vascular dementia, Alzheimer disease, and Parkinson disease. Despite being the most common neurodegenerative condition with cerebrocardiovascular axis, understanding about it remains poor. Interestingly, modifiable risk factors such as unhealthy diet including high intake of processed food, high-fat foods, and animal by-products are known to influence the non-neural peripheral events, such as in the gastrointestinal tract and cardiovascular stress through cellular inflammation and oxidation. One key outcome from such events, among others, includes the cellular activations that lead to elevated levels of endogenous cellular-derived circulating microparticles (MPs). MPs can be produced from various cellular origins including leukocytes, platelets, endothelial cells, microbiota, and microglia. MPs could act as microthrombogenic procoagulant that served as a plausible culprit for the vulnerable end-artery microcirculation in the brain as the end-organ leading to CSVD manifestations. However, little attention has been paid on the potential role of MPs in the onset and progression of CSVD spectrum. Corroboratively, the formation of MPs is known to be influenced by diet-induced cellular stress. Thus, this review aims to appraise the body of evidence on the dietary-related impacts on circulating MPs from non-neural peripheral origins that could serve as a plausible microthrombosis in CSVD manifestation as a precursor of neurodegeneration. Here, we elaborate on the pathomechanical features of MPs in health and disease states; relevance of dietary patterns on MP release; preclinical studies pertaining to diet-based MPs contribution to disease; MP level as putative surrogates for early disease biomarkers; and lastly, the potential of MPs manipulation with diet-based approach as a novel preventive measure for CSVD in an aging society worldwide.
Sedimentological Influence on Physical Properties of a Tight Sandstone Reservoir: The Cretaceous Nenjiang Formation, Southern Songliao Basin, Northeast China
Authors: Wang Jinkai , Fu Jialin , Wang Jieming , Zhao Kai , Zhang Jinliang , Liu Jifu
Published: February 2021

The Nenjiang Formation, south of Songliao Basin, has many hydrocarbon bearing units, but currently the understanding of the distribution of viable reservoir sandstones is too limited to support a development strategy. Therefore, a detailed study on the sedimentary microfacies and reservoir properties has been completed in order to reduce uncertainty and improve subsurface predictions. Nine lithofacies and five lithofacies associations were identified supporting the development of a sedimentary model of a river-dominated delta front setting, which could be divided into four sedimentary environments: subaqueous distributary channel-fill, mouth bar, sand sheet, and interdistributary bay. The distribution sandbodies extend to the south in a tongue-like form, and they thin and pinch out. Finally, the influence of sedimentary process on properties was assessed by establishing the correlation between microfacies and reservoir physical parameters, such as porosity, permeability, pore radius, throat radius, and clay minerals. It is revealed that the correspondence between reservoir physical properties and microfacies types is strong; the physical properties of the subaqueous distributary channel and mouth bar are the best.
Utility of Stimulated Thyroglobulin in Reclassifying Low Risk Thyroid Cancer Patients’ Following Thyroidectomy and Radioactive Iodine Ablation: A 7-Year Prospective Trial
Authors: Jammah Anwar A. , Masood Afshan , Akkielah Layan A. , Alhaddad Shaimaa , Alhaddad Maath A. , Alharbi Mariam , Alguwaihes Abdullah , Alzahrani Saad
Published: February 2021

Context

Following total thyroidectomy and radioactive iodine (RAI) ablation, serum thyroglobulin levels should be undetectable to assure that patients are excellent responders and at very low risk of recurrence.

Objective

To assess the utility of stimulated (sTg) and non-stimulated (nsTg) thyroglobulin levels in prediction of patients outcomes with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) following total thyroidectomy and RAI ablation.

Method

A prospective observational study conducted at a University Hospital in Saudi Arabia. Patients diagnosed with differentiated thyroid cancer and were post total thyroidectomy and RAI ablation. Thyroglobulin levels (nsTg and sTg) were estimated 3–6 months post-RAI. Patients with nsTg <2 ng/ml were stratified based on their levels and were followed-up for 5 years and clinical responses were measured.

Results

Of 196 patients, nsTg levels were <0.1 ng/ml in 122 (62%) patients and 0.1–2.0 ng/ml in 74 (38%). Of 122 patients with nsTg <0.1 ng/ml, 120 (98%) had sTg levels <1 ng/ml, with no structural or functional disease. sTg levels >1 occurred in 26 (35%) of patients with nsTg 0.1–2.0 ng/ml, 11 (15%) had structural incomplete response. None of the patients with sTg levels <1 ng/ml developed structural or functional disease over the follow-up period.

Conclusion

Suppressed thyroglobulin (nsTg < 0.1 ng/ml) indicates a very low risk of recurrence that does not require stimulation. Stimulated thyroglobulin is beneficial with nsTg 0.1–2 ng/ml for re-classifying patients and estimating their risk for incomplete responses over a 7 years follow-up period.
The Morphology of Inner Cell Mass Is the Strongest Predictor of Live Birth After a Frozen-Thawed Single Embryo Transfer
Authors: Ai Jihui , Jin Lei , Zheng Yu , Yang Peiwen , Huang Bo , Dong Xiyuan
Published: February 2021

Background

The scoring system for human blastocysts is traditionally based on morphology; however, there are controversies on the effect of morphology parameters on pregnancy outcomes. The aim of this study is to evaluate the predicting value of each morphology parameter on pregnancy outcomes in a setting of single embryo transfer.

Methods

This is a retrospective cohort study on patients undergoing frozen-thawed single blastocyst transfer at our center, between Jan. 2009 and Dec. 2018. A total of 10,482 cycles were analyzed. The blastocysts were scored according to the expansion and hatching status, morphology of inner cell mass (ICM), and cells of trophectoderm (TE). The primary outcome measure was live birth rate. One-way analysis of variance, chi-square test, and multiple logistic regression were used for statistical analysis.

Results

The clinical pregnancy rate was lower in the blastocysts of stage 3 (48.15%), compared with those of stage 4 (56.15%), stage 5 (54.91%), and stage 6 (53.37%). The live birth rate was lower in the blastocysts of stage 3 (37.07%), compared with those of stage 4 (44.21%) and stage 5 (41.67%). The rates of clinical pregnancy (A: 66.60%, B: 53.25%, C: 39.33%) and live birth (A: 54.62%, B: 41.29%, C: 28.45%) were both decreased with decreasing grade of ICM morphology, and these differences were pairwise significant. The miscarriage rate of blastocysts with ICM grade A was lower, compared with ICM grade C (17.53 vs. 27.66%). Blastocysts with TE morphology of C had lower rates of clinical pregnancy (43.53%) and live birth (32.57%), compared with those with TE morphology of A and B (clinical pregnancy rate: 64.26% for A, 58.11% for B; live birth rate: 52.74% for A, 45.64% for B). There were no significant differences in rates of clinical pregnancy, live birth, and miscarriage between the blastocysts with TE grade A and B.

Conclusions

The blastocyst expansion stage, ICM grade, and TE grade are all associated with pregnancy outcomes. ICM grade is the strongest predictor of live birth. A blastocyst with stage 4–5, ICM grade A, and TE grade A/B should be given priority for single embryo transfer.
Clinical, Diagnostic, and Therapeutic Aspects of Growth Hormone Deficiency During the Transition Period: Review of the Literature
Authors: Spaziani Matteo , Tarantino Chiara , Tahani Natascia , Gianfrilli Daniele , Sbardella Emilia , Isidori Andrea M. , Lenzi Andrea , Radicioni Antonio F.
Published: February 2021

The role of growth hormone (GH) during childhood and adulthood is well established. Once final stature is reached, GH continues to act during the transition, the period between adolescence and adulthood in which most somatic and psychological development is obtained. The achievement of peak bone mass represents the most relevant aspect of GH action during the transition period; however, equally clear is its influence on body composition and metabolic profile and, probably, in the achievement of a complete gonadal and sexual maturation. Despite this, there are still some aspects that often make clinical practice difficult and uncertain, in particular in evaluating a possible persistence of GH deficiency once final stature has been reached. It is also essential to identify which subjects should undergo re-testing and, possibly, replacement therapy, and the definition of unambiguous criteria for therapeutic success. Moreover, even during the transition phase, the relationship between GH substitution therapy and cancer survival is of considerable interest. In view of the above, the aim of this paper is to clarify these relevant issues through a detailed analysis of the literature, with particular attention to the clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects.
Newcastle Disease Virus Inhibits the Proliferation of T Cells Induced by Dendritic Cells In Vitro and In Vivo
Authors: Nan Fu Long , Zheng Wei , Nan Wen Long , Yu Tong , Xie Chang Zhan , Zhang He , Xu Xiao Hong , Li Cheng Hui , Ha Zhuo , Zhang Jin Yong , Zhuang Xin Yu , Han Ji Cheng , Wang Wei , Qian Jing , Zhao Guan Yu , Li Zhuo Xin , Ge Jin Ying , Bu Zhi Gao , Zhang Ying , Lu Hui Jun , Jin Ning Yi
Published: February 2021

Newcastle disease virus (NDV) infects poultry and antagonizes host immunity via several mechanisms. Dendritic cells (DCs) are characterized as specialized antigen presenting cells, bridging innate and adaptive immunity and regulating host resistance to viral invasion. However, there is little specific knowledge of the role of DCs in NDV infection. In this study, the representative NDV lentogenic strain LaSota was used to explore whether murine bone marrow derived DCs mature following infection. We examined surface molecule expression and cytokine release from DCs as well as proliferation and activation of T cells in vivo and in vitro in the context of NDV. The results demonstrated that infection with lentogenic strain LaSota induced a phenotypic maturation of immature DCs (imDCs), which actually led to curtailed T cell responses. Upon infection, the phenotypic maturation of DCs was reflected by markedly enhanced MHC and costimulatory molecule expression and secretion of proinflammatory cytokines. Nevertheless, NDV-infected DCs produced the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 and attenuated T cell proliferation, inducing Th2-biased responses. Therefore, our study reveals a novel understanding that DCs are phenotypically mature but dysfunctional in priming T cell responses during NDV infection.
Cell-Free DNA Promotes Thrombin Autolysis and Generation of Thrombin-Derived C-Terminal Fragments
Authors: Saravanan Rathi , Choong Yeu Khai , Lim Chun Hwee , Lim Li Ming , Petrlova Jitka , Schmidtchen Artur
Published: February 2021

Cell-free DNA (cfDNA) is the major structural component of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), an innate immune response to infection. Antimicrobial proteins and peptides bound to cfDNA play a critical role in the bactericidal property of NETs. Recent studies have shown that NETs have procoagulant activity, wherein cfDNA triggers thrombin generation through activation of the intrinsic pathway of coagulation. We have recently shown that thrombin binds to NETs in vitro and consequently can alter the proteome of NETs. However, the effect of NETs on thrombin is still unknown. In this study, we report that DNA binding leads to thrombin autolysis and generation of multiple thrombin-derived C-terminal peptides (TCPs) in vitro. Employing a 25-residue prototypic TCP, GKY25 (GKYGFYTHVFRLKKWIQKVIDQFGE), we show that TCPs bind NETs, thus conferring mutual protection against nuclease and protease degradation. Together, our results demonstrate the complex interplay between coagulation, NET formation, and thrombin cleavage and identify a previously undisclosed mechanism for formation of TCPs.
Transcriptomic Profiling of Fibropapillomatosis in Green Sea Turtles (Chelonia mydas) From South Texas
Authors: Blackburn Nicholas B. , Leandro Ana Cristina , Nahvi Nina , Devlin Mariana A. , Leandro Marcelo , Martinez Escobedo Ignacio , Peralta Juan M. , George Jeff , Stacy Brian A. , deMaar Thomas W. , Blangero John , Keniry Megan , Curran Joanne E.
Published: February 2021

Sea turtle fibropapillomatosis (FP) is a tumor promoting disease that is one of several threats globally to endangered sea turtle populations. The prevalence of FP is highest in green sea turtle (Chelonia mydas) populations, and historically has shown considerable temporal growth. FP tumors can significantly affect the ability of turtles to forage for food and avoid predation and can grow to debilitating sizes. In the current study, based in South Texas, we have applied transcriptome sequencing to FP tumors and healthy control tissue to study the gene expression profiles of FP. By identifying differentially expressed turtle genes in FP, and matching these genes to their closest human ortholog we draw on the wealth of human based knowledge, specifically human cancer, to identify new insights into the biology of sea turtle FP. We show that several genes aberrantly expressed in FP tumors have known tumor promoting biology in humans, including CTHRC1 and NLRC5, and provide support that disruption of the Wnt signaling pathway is a feature of FP. Further, we profiled the expression of current targets of immune checkpoint inhibitors from human oncology in FP tumors and identified potential candidates for future studies.
Perspectives for the Use of CAR-T Cells for the Treatment of Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Jasiński Marcin , Basak Grzegorz W. , Jedrzejczak Wiesław W.
Published: February 2021

During recent years considerable progress has been made in the treatment of multiple myeloma. However, despite the current improvements in the prognosis of this malignancy, it always ends with relapse, and therefore new therapy approaches for destroying resistant cancer cells are needed. Presently, there is great hope being placed in the use of immunotherapy against refractory/relapsed multiple myeloma which is unresponsive to any other currently known drugs. The most promising one is CAR-T cell therapy which has already shown tremendous success in treating other malignancies such as acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) and could potentially be administered to multiple myeloma patients. CAR-T cells equipped with receptors against BCMA (B-cell maturation antigen), which is a surface antigen that is highly expressed on malignant cells, are now of great interest in this field with significant results in clinical trials. Furthermore, CAR-T cells with other receptors and combinations of different strategies are being intensively studied. However, even with CAR-T cell therapy, the majority of patients eventually relapse, which is the greatest limitation of this therapy. Serious adverse events such as cytokine release syndrome or neurotoxicity should also be considered as possible side effects of CAR-T cell therapy. Here, we discuss the results of CAR-T cell therapy in the treatment of multiple myeloma, where we describe its main advantages and disadvantages. Additionally, we also describe the current results that have been obtained on using combinations of CAR-T cell therapies with other drugs for the treatment of multiple myeloma.
Immunomodulatory Effects of Histone Deacetylation Inhibitors in Graft-vs.-Host Disease After Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation
Authors: Xu Xiaoxiao , Li Xiaoqin , Zhao Yanmin , Huang He
Published: February 2021

Histone deacetylase inhibitors are currently the most studied drugs because of their beneficial effects on inflammatory response. Emerging data from numerous basic studies and clinical trials have shown that histone deacetylase inhibitors can suppress immune-mediated diseases, such as graft-vs.-host disease (GVHD), while retaining beneficial graft-vs.-leukemia (GVL) effects. These drugs prevent and/or treat GVHD by modifying gene expression and inhibiting the production of proinflammatory cytokines, regulating the function of alloreactive T cells, and upregulating the function and number of regulatory T cells. Some of these drugs may become new immunotherapies for GVHD and other immune diseases.
The Patellar Resurfacing in Total Knee Prosthesis: Indications for Bone Stock and Patellar Morphology
Authors: Molfetta Luigi , Casabella Andrea , Palermo Augusto
Published: February 2021

The patellar resurfacing is still a controversial and unresolved problem. The choice to use the patellar resurfacing in the total knee prosthesis (TKP) is decided by the surgeon's experience; he analyzes the thickness, the shape, consumption of the surface and he chooses the use of patellar resurfacing or to limit itself to cheiloplasty, denervation, or often to the release of the lateral wing ligament. He also assesses the metabolic state of the bone linked to Osteoporosis and the potential fragility of the joint and kneecap in particular. Bone loss after total knee arthroplasty (TKP) may lead to periprosthetic fractures that are associated with significant costs (morbidity, economic, etc.) and pose a challenge to operative fixation. The literature doesn't express a definitive judgment on the two options, since the results can be overlapped on average. Each option has advantages and disadvantages to be considered in the overall balance of the patellar operation. In reality, however, this technical choice requires more consolidated decision-making criteria so as to minimize the incidence of post-surgical femoral-patellar pain syndrome, the second cause of failure, which frequently leads to revision of the implant. The balance between experience and evidence can be a compromise in the choice of surgery. The experience documented in the literature must identify the parameters capable of constructing an algorithm aimed not only at the secondary resurfacing rate, but at the overall clinical evaluation. This has implications also for the rehabilitation of these patients after surgery.
Longitudinal Analysis of Anti-cardiolipin and Anti-β2-glycoprotein-I Antibodies in Recent-Onset Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Prospective Study in Swedish Patients
Authors: Frodlund Martina , Walhelm Tomas , Dahle Charlotte , Sjöwall Christopher
Published: February 2021

Background: Anti-phospholipid syndrome (APS) and systemic lupus erythematous (SLE) are autoimmune disorders that often co-occur. Anti-phospholipid antibodies (aPL) are typical of both conditions and may be associated with vascular events and pregnancy-related morbidities. Whereas, aPL-screening is mandatory for individuals with suspected SLE, the clinical value of longitudinal aPL analyses in established SLE is unclear.

Methods: We investigated the occurrence and variation of IgG/IgA/IgM anti-cardiolipin (aCL) and anti-β2-glycoprotein-I (anti-β2GPI) antibodies, using both the manufacturer's cut-off and a cut-off based on the 99th percentile of 400 apparently healthy donors, in recent-onset SLE. Furthermore, we evaluated the relationships between aPL levels and SLE/APS manifestations, as well as the pharmacotherapy. Patients with SLE who met validated classification criteria were included in this prospective study (N = 54). Samples were obtained at 0, 6, 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, 84, and 96 months after SLE diagnosis.

Results: Depending on the cut-off applied, 61.1 or 44.4% showed a positive result for at least one aPL isotype or the lupus anticoagulant test over time. Median values for all six aPL isotypes numerically decreased from inclusion to last follow-up, but none of the isotypes met statistical significance. Seroconversion (from positive to negative, or the opposite direction) was occasionally seen for both aCL and anti-β2GPI. IgA and IgM anti-β2GPI were the most common isotypes, followed by IgM aCL. Presence of IgG aCL associated significantly with myocardial infarction and miscarriage, and IgG/IgA anti-β2GPI with miscarriage.

Conclusion: aPL were common during the first years of SLE. Even though the levels fluctuated over time, the patients tended to remain aPL positive or negative. Repeated aPL testing in the absence of new symptoms seems to be of uncertain value in patients with recent-onset SLE.
Imaging of Vulva Syringoma With Reflectance Confocal Microscopy
Authors: Feng Lin , Lin Yan , Wang Leilei , Chen Hongxiao , Gao Min , Liu Huaxu , Yang Hongyu
Published: February 2021

Objectives: To investigate the application of reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) imaging in diagnosis of vulva syringoma.

Methods: Patients with lesions suspicious of syringoma on vulva were enrolled in the study. After informed consent was taken, the lesions were photographed and imaged with RCM. The features of the lesion in confocal images were then analyzed and compared with the biopsy findings for histology correlation.

Results: Eleven cases in total were included in the study. The typical RCM features observed in syringoma are the presence of round to oval high refractive, and relatively monomorphous mass of varying sizes in the superficial and middle dermis, usually surrounded with 1–2 layers of light-dark line structures, which were further confirmed by histological evaluation. Ten cases showed classic features of syringoma and 1 case exhibited milia in RCM images.

Conclusions: Syringoma has distinct features in RCM imaging, which correlates well with histological findings, highlighting the potential role of RCM in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of vulva syringoma.
Resilience to Plasma and Cerebrospinal Fluid Amyloid-β in Cognitively Normal Individuals: Findings From Two Cohort Studies
Authors: Lin Li , Sun Yu , Wang Xiaoqi , Su Li , Wang Xiaoni , Han Ying
Published: February 2021

Objective: To define resilience metrics for cognitive decline based on plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) amyloid-β (Aβ) and examine the demographic, genetic, and neuroimaging factors associated with interindividual differences among metrics of resilience and to demonstrate the ability of such metrics to predict the diagnostic conversion to mild cognitive impairment (MCI).

Methods: In this study, cognitively normal (CN) participants with Aβ-positive were included from the Sino Longitudinal Study on Cognitive Decline (SILCODE, n = 100) and Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI, n = 144). Using a latent variable model of data, metrics of resilience [brain resilience (BR), cognitive resilience (CR), and global resilience (GR)] were defined based on the plasma Aβ and CSF Aβ. Linear regression analyses were applied to investigate the association between characteristics of individuals (age, sex, educational level, genetic, and neuroimaging factors) and their resilience. The plausibility of these metrics was tested using linear mixed-effects models and Cox regression models in longitudinal analyses. We also compared the effectiveness of these metrics with conventional metrics in predicting the clinical progression.

Results: Although individuals in the ADNI cohort were older (74.68 [5.65] vs. 65.38 [4.66], p < 0.001) and had higher educational levels (16.3 [2.6] vs. 12.6 [2.8], p < 0.001) than those in the SILCODE cohort, similar loadings between resilience and its indicators were found within both models. BR and GR were mainly associated with age, women, and brain volume in both cohorts. Prediction models showed that higher CR and GR were related to better cognitive performance, and specifically, all types of resilience to CSF Aβ could predict longitudinal cognitive decline.

Conclusion: Different phenotypes of resilience depending on cognition and brain volumes were associated with different factors. Such comprehensive resilience provided insight into the mechanisms of susceptibility for Alzheimer's disease (AD) at the individual level, and interindividual differences in resilience had the potential to predict the disease progression in CN people.
Bone-Derived Factors as Potential Biomarkers for Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Lin Yuwan , Zhou Miaomiao , Dai Wei , Guo Wenyuan , Qiu Jiewen , Zhang Zhiling , Mo Mingshu , Ding Liuyan , Ye Panghai , Wu Yijuan , Zhu Xiaoqin , Wu Zhuohua , Xu Pingyi , Chen Xiang
Published: February 2021

Background: Parkinson’s disease (PD) and osteoporosis are both common aging diseases. It is reported that PD has a close relationship with osteoporosis and bone secretory proteins may be involved in disease progression.

Objectives: To detect the bone-derived factors in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with PD and evaluate their correlations with C-reaction protein (CRP) level, motor impairment, and Hoehn-Yahr (HY) stage of the disease.

Methods: We included 250 PD patients and 250 controls. Levels of osteocalcin (OCN), osteopontin (OPN), osteoprotegerin (OPG), Sclerostin (SO), Bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2), and Dickkopf-1 (DKK-1) in plasma and CSF were measured by custom protein antibody arrays. Data were analyzed using Mann–Whitney U-test and Spearman’s receptor activator of NF-κB (RANK) correlation.

Results: Plasma levels of OCN and OPN were correlated with CRP levels and HY stage and motor impairment of PD. Furthermore, the plasma assessment with CSF detection may enhance their potential prediction on PD.

Conclusions: OCN and OPN may serve as potential biomarkers for PD. The inflammation response may be involved in the cross-talk between the two factors and PD.
Addition of Dairy Lipids and Probiotic Lactobacillus fermentum in Infant Formulas Modulates Proteolysis and Lipolysis With Moderate Consequences on Gut Physiology and Metabolism in Yucatan Piglets
Authors: Lemaire Marion , Ménard Olivia , Cahu Armelle , Nogret Isabelle , Briard-Bion Valérie , Cudennec Benoit , Cuinet Isabelle , Le Ruyet Pascale , Baudry Charlotte , Dupont Didier , Blat Sophie , Deglaire Amélie , Le Huërou-Luron Isabelle
Published: February 2021

Breast milk is the gold standard in neonatal nutrition, but most infants are fed infant formulas in which lipids are usually of plant origin. The addition of dairy lipids and/or milk fat globule membrane extracts in formulas improves their composition with beneficial consequences on protein and lipid digestion. The probiotic Lactobacillus fermentum (Lf) was reported to reduce transit time in rat pups, which may also improve digestion. This study aimed to investigate the effects of the addition of dairy lipids in formulas, with or without Lf, on protein and lipid digestion and on gut physiology and metabolism. Piglets were suckled from postnatal days 2 to 28, with formulas containing either plant lipids (PL), a half-half mixture of plant and dairy lipids (DL), or this mixture supplemented with Lf (DL+Lf). At day 28, piglets were euthanized 90 min after their last feeding. Microstructure of digesta did not differ among formulas. Gastric proteolysis was increased (P < 0.01) in DL and DL+Lf (21.9 ± 2.1 and 22.6 ± 1.3%, respectively) compared with PL (17.3 ± 0.6%) and the residual proportion of gastric intact caseins decreased (p < 0.01) in DL+Lf (5.4 ± 2.5%) compared with PL and DL (10.6 ± 3.1% and 21.8 ± 6.8%, respectively). Peptide diversity in ileum and colon digesta was lower in PL compared to DL and DL+Lf. DL and DL+Lf displayed an increased (p < 0.01) proportion of diacylglycerol/cholesterol in jejunum and ileum digesta compared to PL and tended (p = 0.07) to have lower triglyceride/total lipid ratio in ileum DL+Lf (0.019 ± 0.003) as compared to PL (0.045 ± 0.011). The percentage of endocrine tissue and the number of islets in the pancreas were decreased (p < 0.05) in DL+Lf compared with DL. DL+Lf displayed a beneficial effect on host defenses [increased goblet cell density in jejunum (p < 0.05)] and a trophic effect [increased duodenal (p = 0.09) and jejunal (p < 0.05) weights]. Altogether, our results demonstrate that the addition of dairy lipids and probiotic Lf in infant formula modulated protein and lipid digestion, with consequences on lipid profile and with beneficial, although moderate, physiological effects.