bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Using Two-Layered Feed-Forward Neural Networks to Model Blood Uric Acid Among Diabetic Patients
Authors: Ahmad Wan Muhamad Amir W , Mohamad Ghazali Farah Muna , Mohd Noor Nor Farid , Alam Mohammad Khursheed , Aleng Nor Azlida
Published: June 2021

Introduction: The end product of purine metabolism in humans is uric acid (UA). Although uric acid can function as either an antioxidant or an oxidant depending on the surrounding environment, the chemical environment can also impact uric acid.The uric acid level in the serum can predict the development of diabetic nephropathy in type 1 diabetes.

Objective: This study aims to determine factors that are perhaps having an association with acid uric.

Method: Variables selection is basedon clinical importance. The most significant variable will be assigned and analyzed using Artificial Neural Network (ANN) through multilayer feed-forward and contour plot.

Results: Through the architecture of MLFF with two hidden layers, it was found that Creatinine level, Urea level, Systolic Blood Pressure reading, Waist circumference reading, Gender play an essential role toward uric level with an accuracy of 97.7% and the predicted mean squared error (MSE.net) is 0.005. The combination of the selected variable showing the highest significance in predicting the level of uric acid.

Conclusion: These findings offer useful future management action plans for patients with diabetes.By controlling these four variables can improve the level of health among diabetic patients.

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.20(4) 2021 p.741-747
The Potential Effect of Mucuna pruriens Seed Extract on Sperm Quality experimental study on mice exposed to cigarette smoke
Authors: Milla Meidona Nurul , Istadi Yani , Shaula Vania , Wari Deastri Anjeas , Puspitasari Chntyia Dwi Cahyani , Bin Sef Umar Usman
Published: June 2021

Background: Infertility has been more common problems among couple of reproductive age. One of the factors causing this disorder is unhealthy environmental factors including exposure to cigarette smoke. Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in cigarette smoke can cause testicular atrophy, while the free radicals can inhibit the stages of spermatogenesis, and nicotine in cigarettes affects the brain dopamine levels affecting the levels of GnRH, and subsequently affect the levels of FSH and LH needed in spermatogenesis. The use of Mucuna pruriens seed extract containing antioxidants and L-dopa is expected to improve the quality of sperm after exposure to cigarette smoke.

Objective: This study aimed to determine the effect of Mucuna pruriens seed extract on the sperm quality in mice exposed to cigarette smoke.

Methods: This study was an experimental study with a post test only control group design. A total of 20 mice were divided into 4 groups of five mice each. All groups were exposed to cigarette smoke. Group 1 was the negative control exposed to cigarette smoke. Groups 2, 3, 4 were exposed to cigarettes smoke and given Mucuna pruriens seed extracts at the dose of 250; 300; and 350 mg/Kg BW/day. Parameters of sperm quality included concentration, morphology, motility and viability.

Results: Post hoc tests showed there were significant differences among treatment groups.

Conclusion: the administration of Mucuna pruriens seed extract affects the sperm quality of BALB/c mice exposed to cigarettes smoke.

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.20(4) 2021 p.768-773
The situation awareness of health workers about needlestick and sharp injuries at hospital
Authors: Kusbaryanto - , Listiowati -
Published: June 2021

Background: The nosocomial infection occurs in patients who are under medical treatments in hospitals or other health facilities, which has not yet occurred at the time of admission. This infection can occur as delivering treatments for other diseases; and even after the patients has returned from the hospital.The purpose of this study is to analyze the effectiveness of an education about the danger of needlestick to the situational awareness of health workers regarding the needlestick and sharp injuries in hospitals.

Method: This study is a quasi-experiments with pretest and post-test control group design. The samples of this study was collected using purposive sampling with 98 respondents in the experiment group and 29 respondents in the control group. The data were analyzed by Wilcoxon and Independent sample T test. Meanwhile, the data were collected by questionnaires.

Result: The measurement results of the situation awarenessin the control group, mean is 45.31, and SD is 3.57; in the treatment group, mean is 46.77, and SD is 4.04.The differences of the situation awareness of needlestick and sharp objects in the control group, before and after education, is p = 0.981 (> 0.05); the result is not significant. The differences of the situation awareness of needlestick and sharp objects in the treatment group, before and after education, is p = 0.001 (<0.05); the result is significant. The differences of the situation awareness in control group and treatment group, after education, is p = 0.001 (<0.05); the result is significant.

Conclution: The education about the prevention of needlestick and sharp objects on health workers is effective to raise the situation awareness about the danger of needlestick and sharp objects in health workers in hospitals.

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.20(4) 2021 p.774-778
An Audit on Mentor-Mentee Program: Mentees Perceptions on Mentors
Authors: Zainol Jamaluddin , Salam Abdus
Published: June 2021

Introduction: Mentor-mentee program is essential for mentees’ development. The objective of this paper was to investigate mentees’ perceptions on their mentors.

Methods: A questionnairesurvey among all-50 clinical-medical students who mentored by 16 faculty members at Widad University College(WUC)Malaysia, was conducted in 2019.A standardized-questionnaire that examined the mentorship-roles, communication-frequencies, mentor-mentee-relationships and mentoring-effectiveness was used. Relationship was measured by a 4-point scale against each of satisfaction, importance, support, and impact while effectiveness was measured using 0-5 scale on 11-behavioral-skills.

Results: Response rate was 92%; only 17% mentees perceived, their mentors played all five mentorship-roles while 30% played only one role. Though 41% mentees had ≥6 communications per-semester with mentors, one year-5 mentee had no-communication at all. Over 16 mentor-mentee relationship and 55 mentoring-effectiveness scores, the mean relationship and effectiveness score was 12.03(75%) and 37.45(72%) respectively. Mentees expected more communication-sessions and their contributions to be acknowledged.

Conclusion: Mentor-mentee program at WUC revealed 75% and 72% respectively in mentormentee- relationship and mentoring-effectiveness, which is good. However, faculty needs to play more mentorship-roles and acknowledged mentees’ contributions. Addition of portfolio and reflective-writing in the curriculum will benefits in monitoring mentees’ development. Educational managers should pay attention to this and adequate training of mentors to fulfil the mentees’ needs.

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.20(4) 2021 p.840-847
Work-Family Conflict, Psychological Empowerment, and Turnover Intentions among Married Female Doctors
Authors: Tariq Isra , Asad Ms Sara , Majeed Ms Asma , Fahim Urusa
Published: June 2021

Objective: The aim of the present study was to examine work-family conflict and psychological empowerment as correlates and predictors of turnover intentions among married female doctors. It further aimed to identify significant differences in study variables among the sample in terms of the type of family system i.e., nuclear and joint.

Materials and Methods: This correlational study analyzed a sample of 105 married female doctors aged 23-45 years (Mage=31.69; SD=5.20) working in different hospitals of Lahore, Pakistan. Participants completed Work-Family Conflict Scale, Psychological Empowerment Instrument and Turnover Intention Scale.

Results and Discussion: Dimensions of work-family conflict had a significant positive relationship with turnover intentions. Furthermore, psychological empowerment had a significant negative relation with turnover intentions. Behavior-based family interference with work and psychological empowerment emerged as significant predictors of turnover intentions among the sample. No significant differences were found in study variables in terms of nuclear and joint family system.

Conclusion: Implications of findings are discussed with reference to the medical profession.

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.20(4) 2021 p.855-863
DNA barcoding and phylogenetic relationship of shrimps (Crustacea: Decapoda) of Bangladesh
Authors: Ahmed Md Sagir , Salam Sumaiya , Rumana Sayeda Sabrina Sarwar , Barua Anindita
Published: June 2021

We adopted DNA barcoding technique using a 658-bp fragment of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) gene to identify shrimp species collected from the different areas of Bangladesh. A total of 24 sequences were generated belonging to 14 species including four new records- Macrobrachium nipponense, Macrobrachium kistnense, Exopalaemon carinicauda and Alpheus malleator. Genetic distance measured with Kimura 2 parameter showed that genetic divergence increased with higher taxonomic rank. The mean genetic divergence was evaluated and found to be 0.935%, 22.67% and 30.92% within species, genus and family, respectively. In addition to the barcode-based species identification system, phylogenetic relationships were established where individuals belonging to the same species were grouped under the same clade. Maximum likelihood (ML) was preferred as the statistical method and as expected, the phylogenetic tree complemented and ensured the conventional taxonomy. The present study evidently showed that DNA barcoding can be served as an effective tool to discriminate the shrimp species and this will enhance the understanding on evolution and conservation biology.

Bioresearch Commu. 7(1): 941-946, 2021 (January)
Genetic Characterization of Swamp Eel of Bangladesh Through Dna Barcoding and Rapd Techniques
Authors: Abedin Md Minhazul , Eshik Md Mostavi Enan , Punom Nusrat Jahan , Begum Mst Khadiza , Rahman Mohammad Shamsur
Published: June 2021

The freshwater air-breathing swamp eel Monopterus spp. are native to the freshwater of Bangladesh and throughout the Indian subcontinent. To identify the different swamp eel species and to check the genetic diversity among them, a total of twelve swamp eel specimens were collected from four districts (Tangail, Bogura, Bagerhat and Sylhet) representing the four division of Bangladesh. The extracted DNA from twelve fish samples was amplified by the PCR technique for DNA barcoding and RAPD analysis. Among 12 specimens, 8 specimens showed a 95-100% similarity with M. cuchia species published in the NCBI GenBank database and BOLD system. The studied mct3 (collected from Tangail region), mcs1, mcs2 and mcs3 (collected from Sylhet region) specimens showed about 83% homology with Ophisternon sp. MFIV306-10 as per BLAST search; whereas BOLD private database showed 99% similarity with Ophisternon bengalense (Bengal eel). From the phylogenetic tree analysis, 8 samples were clustered with M. cuchia and 4 samples showed similarity with Ophisternon sp. MFIV306-10 and Ophisternon bengalense _ANGBF45828-19. In RAPD-PCR based analysis, it was found that the maximum genetic distance (1.6094) was observed between mcba2 and mcs3, while between mct1 and mct2, the minimum genetic distance was 0.000. A total of 192 bands, of which 35 were polymorphic with 17.88% polymorphisms among swamp eel species and the size of the amplified DNA fragments ranged from 250 to 1800 bp. The information on DNA barcoding and RAPD analysis help measure the genetic diversity among swamp eel species, ensure the reliability of the published taxonomic information, and initiate proper management programs to conserve these vulnerable species to meet future export demand.

Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 46(2): 117-131, December 2020
Antagonistic Potentiality of Some Soil Fungi Against Six Fungal Pathogens Isolated From Cotton (Gossypium Hirsutum L.) Seeds
Authors: Khatun Amina , Shamsi Shamim , Bashar Abul
Published: June 2021

The antagonistic potentials of four soil filamentous fungi viz., Aspergillus flavus Link, A. fumigatus Fresenius, A. niger van Tieghem and Trichoderma viride Pers. against six pathogens isolated from 14 varieties of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) were evaluated by "dual culture colony interaction”, volatile and non-volatile metabolites. In dual culture colony interaction, out of four soil fungi, T. viride was found be the most effective to control the growth of the cotton pathogens. T. viride showed the highest growth inhibition against Curvularia lunata, Fusarium moniliforme, Mucor sp. and Rhizoctonia solani. On the other hand A. niger showed the highest growth inhibition against Fusarium nivale and A. fumigatus showed the maximum growth inhibition against C. gloeosporioides. The highest inhibition of radial growth of C. lunata, F. nivale and F. moniliforme was observed might be due to the secretion of volatile metabolites of T. viride whereas, the maximum inhibition of radial growth of C. gloeosporioides was observed because of the volatile metabolites of A. flavus. Mucor sp. and R. solani were inhibited due to the volatile metabolites of A. fumigatus. The greatest radial growth inhibition of C. lunata and F. moniliforme were noticed in case of T. viride owing to the effect of non-volatile metabolites. On the other hand, the radial growth of C. gloeosporioides and F. nivale were inhibited highest amount for the effect of non-volatile metabolites of A. niger, whereas highest growth inhibition of Mucor sp. and R. solani was observed due to the non-volatile effect of A. fumigatus. The present investigation suggests that the isolates of Aspergillus and Trichoderma may be further exploited as potential biocontrol agents against the fungal pathogens of cotton in field trial.

Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 46(2): 143-153, December 2020
Comparative Karyomorphological Analysis of Four Bari Released Germplasms of Garlic
Authors: Ferdousi Roksana , Saha Susmita , Begum Kazi Nahida
Published: June 2021

Abstract not available

Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 46(2): 215-220, December 2020
Screening of fungicides and plant extracts for controlling blight disease of Tagetes spp.
Authors: Akhter Mahfuza , Shamsi Shamim
Published: June 2021

A field experiment was conducted in the Botanical research garden, Department of Botany, University of Dhaka during 2015, 2016 and 2017 to evaluate the efficacy of two fungicides and two plant extracts against blight disease of Tagetes erecta L. and T. patula L. Both the fungicides Bavistin 50 WP and Tilt 250 EC and leaf extracts of Azadirachta indica A. Juss. and Citrus medica L. showed effective management of the disease over the untreated check. However, among the treatments, Bavistin 50 WP and Tilt 250 EC at 100 ppm concentration and A. indica and C. medica L. at 10% concentration were found significantly superior in controlling percent disease index and increasing number of healthy flowers. The number of healthy flowers was highest per plant, 17.13 in T. erecta in 2017 and 25.00 in T. patula in the year 2016.

J. Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 47(1): 79-89, June 2021
DEMOKRAT PARTİ’NİN 1950’YE KADAR DEVLET KURUMLARINCA İZLENMESİ
Authors: ÖZDEMİR Ali Ulvi
Published: June 2021

Türkiye Cumhuriyeti 29 Ekim 1923’te kurulduğunda siyasal partilere dayalı bir parlamenter sistem yoktu. CHP’den ayrılan bir grup aydın ve asker tarafından 1924’te kurulan Terakkiperver Cumhuriyet Fırkası ve 1930’da kurulan Serbest Fırka adındaki muhalefet partileri ile çok partili hayata geçiş denemeleri kısa ömürlü olmuş ve Türkiye 2. Dünya Savaşı’nın bitimine değil bu kısa aralıklar dışında CHP tarafından “Tek Parti” yönetimi ile yönetilmiştir.

2. Dünya Savaşı’nın bitiminde iç ve dış gelişmelerin etkisiyle yeniden çok partili hayata geçiş denemesi içinde en önemli parti Demokrat Parti (DP) Olmuştur. DP, 7 Ocak 1946 tarihinde daha önce CHP bünyesinde faaliyet gösteren Celal Bayar ve Adnan Menderes öncülüğünde kurulmuştur. Bu dönem Türkiye’nin çok partili siyasal hayata geçiş süreci olarak, oldukça sancılı ve bunalımlı bir dönemdir. Bu süreçte Türkiye yepyeni bir sayasal hayatı tecrübe etmiş ve 1950’de demokratik bir genel seçimle CHP, iktidarı kansız bir biçimde DP’ye devretmiştir.
DP’nin kuruluş ve iktidarı alış dönemleri arasında daha önce tecrübe edilmemiş gelişmeler, tek parti yönetimini bu geçiş sürecini yönetmekte zorlamıştır. Bir taraftan da Tan Olayı gibi hükümet organlarının denetiminde düzenlenen saldırılarla aşırı solun DP içinde olması engellenirken DP’nin her hareketi devlet tarafından izlenmiştir. Bu izlenmeye ilişkin bu bildiride sunulan belgeler, sürecin CHP tarafından kontrollü bir geçiş dönemi olması için çaba harcandığını ortaya koymaktadır.
TÜRK ELÇİLİK RAPORLARINA GÖRE KÜÇÜK ANTANT
Authors: ARSLAN Recep
Published: June 2021

Birinci Dünya Savaşı sonrasında oluşan yeni statüko Birinci Dünya Savaşı’nda yenilen devletler bir yana galip bazı devletler tarafından dahi iyi karşılanmamıştır. Uluslararası alandaki hoşnutsuzluk kısa zamanda sahada kendini göstermiştir. Bazı devletler Birinci Dünya Savaşı’ndan hemen sonra statükoyu değiştirme yönünde politikalara yönelmişlerdir. Fransa’nın başını çektiği devletler ise, mevcut durumu koruma yönünde politikalar yürütmüşlerdir. Cumhuriyet Dönemi kayıtlarında “Küçük İtilaf” olarak geçen Küçük Antant, bu politikanın Balkanlardaki en önemli unsuru olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır.

Küçük Antant’ın ilk adımı 1920’li yılların başlarında atılmıştır. Küçük Antant devletleri, 1920’li yılların sonlarından itibaren Fransa’nın etkisi altına girmiştir. Fransa 25 Ocak 1924’te Çekoslovakya, 10 Haziran 1926’da Romanya ve 11 Kasım 1927’de Yugoslavya’yla imzaladığı ittifak anlaşmalarıyla Küçük Antant’ı adeta kendine bağlamıştır. Küçük Antant ittifakı Yugoslavya’yı İtalya’dan, Romanya’yı Rusya’dan ve Çekoslovakya’yı Almanya’dan koruyamamıştır. İttifaka dâhil devletleri, statükonun korunması fikri bir arada tutabilmiştir. Türkiye Cumhuriyeti de kuruluşundan itibaren özellikle coğrafyasında barışın devam etmesini hedefleyen politikalar izlemiştir. Dolayısıyla Türkiye ile Küçük Antant devletlerinin politikaları büyük ölçüde örtüşmüşür. Türkiye bu ülkelerin politikalarını yakından izlemiştir. Türkiye, Küçük Antant devletlerinin politikalarını bilhassa elçilik raporları vasıtasıyla takip etmiştir.

Elçilik raporların temel kaygısı ise bölge barışının sürdürülmesi olmuştur. Türkiye’nin barışın sürdürülmesi politikasını söz edilen dönemdeki siyasi temaslar da doğrulamaktadır. Küçük Antant ve Balkan Paktı devletleri arasındaki sıcak ilişkilere rağmen Türkiye ve Yunanistan iki paktın birleşmesine yanaşmamışlardır. Çünkü iki paktın birleşmesi uluslararası gerginliğin arttığı bir dönemde Türkiye ve Yunanistan’a yeni yükümlülükler getirecekti. 2 Ekim 1938’de Almanya’nın Çekoslovakya’yı işgal etmesi üzerine Küçük Antant birliği pratikte son bulmuştur. Bu çalışmanın oluşturulmasında Cumhuriyet Arşivi’nden ve tetkik eserlerden yararlanılmıştır. Çalışma ile Türk dış temsilciliklerinin dünya siyasetini nasıl takip ettiklerine dair bir örnek ortaya konulmak istenmiştir. Bunun yanında iki savaş arasındaki dönemde statükonun sürdürülmesini hedefleyen Küçük Antant devletlerinin izledikleri ortak politikalar ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır.
DENİZLİ’DE BASINA ADANAN BİR HAYAT EROL ÖZBAL
Authors: HAYTOĞLU Ercan
Published: June 2021

Bu çalışmanın amacı Denizli’de 1956’dan itibaren 1996’yılına kadar aktif bir şekilde gazetecilik yapan Erol Özbal’ın özellikle Denizli basın hayatı içerisindeki yerini ortaya koymaktır. Muhabirlikten gazete patronluğuna, Denizli Gazeteciler Cemiyeti kuruculuğu ve başkanlığından, Denizli’ye yaptığı katkılar ele alınacaktır.

Denizli merkezinde yayınlanan Denizli gazetesi dışında, ilçelerde yayınladığı gazeteler ile ilçelerde gazeteciliğe ilk öncülüğü yapması, gazeteciliğin her türlü teknolojiden yoksun olduğu bir dönemden, teknolojik zenginliğe ulaştığı bir döneme şahit oluş serüveni değerlendirilmeye çalışılmıştır.

Denizli gazetesini adeta bir okul yaparak birçok gazetecinin yetişmesinde etkili olan Özbal’ın çalışma hayatı; Emniyet Genel Müdürlüğü Arşiv ve Dokümantasyon Daire Başkanlığı, Denizli Cumhuriyet Başsavcılığı belgeleri ile Denizli yerel basını, kitap ve makalelerden faydalanılarak bir bütün haline getirilmiştir.
YEMENLİ ABDULLAH’IN HAK ARAMA MÜCADELESİ: “HÜKÛMET-İ SENİYYE ȂCİZ DEĞİLDİR. BİRADERİMİN KATİLİNİ İSTERİM”
Authors: AKALIN Durmuş
Published: June 2021

Son derece mühim bir mevkide bulunan Yemen, tarih boyunca mücadelelerin ve çekişmelerin önemli merkezlerinden biri olmuştur. Osmanlı Devleti her ne kadar güçlü olduğu dönemlerde buraları kontrol etmeyi başarmışsa da bölgede her dönem sorunlar gözlenmiştir. Özellikle devletin son dönemlerini yaşadığı 19. yüzyılın sonlarında bu sorunlar daha da görünür hale gelmiştir. Bu çalışma ile bir Yemenli gözünden bölgedeki sorunları görmek hedeflenmiştir. Abdullah b. Muhammed Kedeş isimli ticaretle uğraşan bir Yemenlinin yaşadığı sorunlar ve bu sorunlar karşısında devletin tutumu ve bunun yanında söz konusu dönemde Osmanlı Devleti’nin bölgedeki hâkimiyeti ele alınacaktır. Abdullah b. Muhammed yaşadığı yerde bir alacak-verecek meselesinde haksızlığa maruz kalmış ve bu haksızlığını gidermek için devletin en üst mercilerine kadar uzanan bir hukuk mücadelesi vermiştir. Söz konusu mücadele esnasında çıkan tartışmadan dolayı kardeşi öldürülmüş ve mesele daha da önemli bir boyut kazanmıştır. Sadece Yemen’de mücadele ile yetinmemiş, ömrünün yaklaşık 4 yılını İstanbul’da geçirmiştir. Babıali nezdinde haksızlığını gidermek için defalarca talepte bulunmuştur. Taleplerinden bazıları karşılık bulmuş; bazıları ise bürokrasi zinciri içerisinde farklı sebeplerle ya görmezden gelinmiş ya da kendisine türlü mazeretler ileri sürülmüştür. Bu çalışma söz konusu mücadelenin seyrini bize anlatırken 19. yüzyıl sonlarında Yemen’in ve Yemen’deki Osmanlı Devleti’nin vaziyetini bir Yemenli gözüyle göstermeyi hedeflemektedir. Çalışmada Osmanlı arşiv vesikalarıyla bölgenin durumu anlatılırken, Abdullah b. Muhammed Kedeş’in mücadelesi de Babıali’ye verdiği çok sayıda arzuhalden yola çıkılarak okuyucuya aktarılacaktır.
PAPA II. JOHN PAUL’UN TÜRKİYE ZİYARETİ (28-30 KASIM 1979)
Authors: BELENLİ Tuğba , BİRBUDAK Togay Seçkin
Published: June 2021

Katolik ve Ortodoks kiliseleri teolojik konulardaki çeşitli anlaşmazlıklar nedeniyle 1054 yılında karşılıklı olarak birbirlerini aforoz etmişler, bu karar 1964 yılında iptal edilmiştir. Bu, iki taraf için yeni bir diyalog sürecinin başlaması demektir. Diyalog, Papa II. John Paul’un 1979 yılının Kasım ayında Türkiye'ye gelmesi ile devam etmiştir. Roma Katolik Kilisesi ile Doğu’daki Ortodoks kiliselerinin tekrar birleşmesi çabalarını daha fazla ilerletmek, Aziz Andrew onuruna İstanbul’da yapılacak törene katılmak ve ekümenik bir görevi yerine getirmek Papa’nın Türkiye ziyaretinin amacıdır.

Papanın Türkiye’ye gelişinden dönüşüne kadar geçen süre hem Türk hem yabancı basın tarafından yoğun bir şekilde takip edilmiştir. Örneğin Papa’nın Türkiye’ye gelirken izlediği hava güzergâhı tartışma konusu olmuştur. En önemli tartışma konusu ise Papa’nın, 1967 yılında Türkiye’yi ziyaret eden Papa VI. Paul gibi, Ayasofya’da diz çökerek dua edip etmeyeceği olmuştur.

Papa II. John Paul’un ziyareti Türkiye'de yoğun terör olayları yaşandığı bir döneme denk gelmiş ve bu yüzden Papayı korumak için olağanüstü güvenlik önlemleri alınmıştır. Papa, diğer ülkelere yaptığı ziyaretlerde kalabalıklar içinde olmuştur. Türkiye’de ise, bir suikast ihtimaline karşın mümkün olduğunca gözlerden uzak tutulmuştur. Öyle ki, kimse Papaya yaklaşamamış, bu da yabancı basında Türk halkının Papa’ya sevgi gösterisinde bulunmadığı şeklinde yorumlanmıştır.

Papa Ankara, İstanbul ve İzmir’de yaptığı kamuya açık konuşmalarda dini fanatizmden endişeli olduğunu ifade etmiş ayrıca İslam’ın monoteist bir din olduğunu, Müslümanların Hz. İsa’yı peygamber olarak tanıdıklarını ve Hz. Meryem’e saygı gösterdiklerini vurgulamıştır. Hıristiyanlık, İslâm ve Museviliğin tek bir Tanrı’ya inandıklarını vurgulayan Papa aslında bu söylemleriyle dinlerarası diyalogun sözcülüğünü yapmıştır. Terör saldırıları konusundaki tehditlere karşı alınan ve aşırı olduğu yönünde eleştirilen önlemler sayesinde ziyaret sırasında bir aksilik yaşanmamıştır. Papa da ziyaretinin sonunda Türkiye’den mutlu ve memnun ayrıldığını ifade etmiştir.
Evaluation and Control of Liquation Cracking Susceptibility for CM247LC Superalloy Weld Heat-Affected Zone via Visualization-Based Varestraint Test
Authors: Jeong Ye-Seon , Kim Kyeong-Min , Lee Hyungsoo , Seo Seong-Moon , Chun Eun-Joon
Published: June 2021

The metallurgical aspects of weld cracking in Ni-based superalloys remain relatively unexplored in existing research. The present study performed comprehensive metallurgical and manufactural investigations into the weldability of an Ni-based superalloy, CM247LC, from the viewpoint of the liquation cracking behavior and its susceptibility. Metallurgical solutions to suppress the liquation-cracking susceptibility were derived via the visualization-based Varestraint test, and the possibility of liquation crack-free welding was explored by employing pre-weld heat treatments and laser beam welding. The alloy that was subjected to aging treatment exhibited the lowest liquation-cracking susceptibility (liquation cracking temperature range: 66 K), while the as-cast alloy specimen exhibited the highest liquation-cracking susceptibility (liquation cracking temperature range: 620 K). The metallurgical mechanisms of the liquation cracking susceptibility of as-cast CM247LC weld were elucidated via microstructural analyses and thermodynamic calculations. The suppressed liquation cracking susceptibility of the aged CM247LC can be attributed to the MC-type carbide fraction and homogenized matrix phase, as compared with those of as-cast CM247LC. The aged CM247LC specimen was subjected to gas tungsten arc welding to validate its minimal liquation-cracking susceptibility. The results confirmed the suppression of liquation cracking, due to the low susceptibility of the specimen. However, crackfree welds could not be obtained. Finally, metallurgically sound welds without liquation cracks were successfully obtained via laser beam welding. The outcomes of the present study will facilitate the generation of electric power from fossil fuels via a clean and efficient gas turbine-based power generation cycle.
Leaching of a Mixture of Palladium and Zinc Metal Using Hydrochloric and Sulfuric Acid Solutions
Authors: Song Si Jeong , Nguyen Viet Nhan Hoa , Lee Man Seung
Published: June 2021

Spent electroplating solutions contain small amounts of Pd(II). Cementation of Pd(II) with zinc metal powder is practiced to concentrate the Pd. Dissolution of the cemented Pd metal is necessary to recover pure Pd metal or compounds. In this work, the leaching behavior of Pd metal in inorganic acid solutions (hydrochloric and sulfuric acid) in the presence of an oxidizing agent such as H2O2, NaClO3, or NaClO was investigated. To determine the optimum conditions for Pd leaching, experiments were conducted by adjusting the concentration of the acids and oxidizing agents, reaction temperature and time, and pulp density. Complete leaching of Pd was possible using a hydrochloric acid solution with 3 kinds of oxidizing agents, whereas only NaClO was effective in the leaching with sulfuric acid solution. The chloride ions of HCl and NaClO3/NaClO play an important role in enhancing the leaching of Pd, due to the formation of Pd chlorocomplexes and by decreasing the reduction potential of Pd(II). Compared to H2O2, NaClO3 and NaClO showed some merits as oxidizing agents in terms of reaction time, temperature and low acid concentration. Based on the optimum leaching conditions of single Pd metal, the conditions for the complete leaching of Pd and Zn from the metallic mixtures were obtained.
Synthesis of Three-Dimensionally Interconnected Hexagonal Boron Nitride Networked Cu-Ni Composite
Authors: Hussain Zahid , Yang Hye-Won , Choi Byung-Sang
Published: June 2021

A three-dimensionally interconnected hexagonal boron nitride (3Di-hBN) networked Cu-Ni (3DihBN-Cu-Ni) composite was successfully synthesized in situ using a simple two-step process which involved the compaction of mixed Cu-Ni powders (70 wt.% Cu and 30 wt.% Ni) into a disc followed by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) at 1000 oC. During MOCVD, the Cu-Ni alloy grains acted as a template for the growth of hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) while decaborane and ammonia were used as precursors for boron and nitrogen, respectively. Boron and nitrogen atoms diffused into the Cu-Ni solution during the MOCVD process and precipitated out along the Cu-Ni interfaces upon cooling, resulting in the formation of the 3Di hBN-Cu-Ni composite. Energy-dispersive spectroscopic analysis confirmed the presence of boron and nitrogen atoms at the interfaces of Cu-Ni alloy grains. Optical microscopy examination indicated that there was a minimum amount of bulk hBN at a certain compaction pressure (280 MPa) and sintering time (30 min). Scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy revealed that an interconnected network of hBN layers surrounding the Cu-Ni grains developed in the 3Di-hBN-Cu-Ni composite. This 3Di-hBN network is expected to enhance the mechanical, thermal, and chemical properties of the 3Di-hBN-Cu-Ni composite. Moreover, the foam-like 3Di-hBN extracted from 3Di-hBN-Cu-Ni composite could have further applications in the fields of biomedicine and energy storage.
MAKNA EKOKRITIK UNGKAPAN SUNGAI DALAM UJARAN SASTRA KALIMANTAN BARAT
Authors: Fuad Khairul
Published: June 2021

A river is an important part of the social and environmental management in West Kalimantan which becomes a marker of the community’s existence. Literature is the image of the management since it lives and develops according to its surrounding. The relationship between literature and rivers can be seen in the literary expressions The image of the river in literature changes over time which is seen in different expression of West Kalimantan’s poem. This paper used semiotic-dynamic as an analytical tool to find out the expressions of the river and its changes in literary expression. This analysis tool was used to obtain the dynamics of these literary expressions. In addition, an ecocritical method was also used to see the direction of river-related literary expression in West Kalimantan’s literature. The results show that the existence of rivers is an important pillar of people’s life in West Kalimantan as emphasized through literary works.
Cripping the Dis§abled Body: Doing the Posthuman Tango in, through and around Sport
Authors: Howe P. David , Silva Carla Filomena
Published: June 2021

In this article we elucidate our understanding of the utility of a particular posthumanist lens to expose the fragility of compulsory ablebodiedness. Compulsory ablebodiedness is a central tool of crip theory that shows us how society reproduces disability as an expression of an ableist ideology. This positions those perceived as having ‘less-than-able’ bodies and minds as subaltern. Adopting our methodological position from crip theory, we explore how dis§abled bodies are co-produced along with the environments in which they pursue sport. Interpreting ethnographic data with, in, and around dis§abled bodies, we examine their lived realities and performed identities as biopolitical assemblages that are, at one and the same time, both subject and object in a state of what we term complex dis§able embodiment. The article begins by acknowledging the existence of disablism while also exploring the ideology of ableism, which leads to the social marginalisation of nonnormative bodies. We then articulate dis§ability as a choregraphed tango in which bodies and their environments are co-constituted, before cripping ableism in and through three manifestations of dis§abled sporting bodies. The end goal is to facilitate the celebration of nonnormativity as a positive expression of the plurality of human existence.
Barre Matters: Hybrid Formations of Ballet and Group Fitness
Authors: Markula Pirkko
Published: June 2021

Employing a variety of theoretical approaches, feminist researchers have critiqued the fitness industry of its singular emphasis on the impossible, narrowly defined feminine body ideal that is likely to cause more mental (e.g., body dissatisfaction) and physical ill health (eating disorders, injuries) than improve fitness. With the focus on social construction of gendered identities, there has been less problematisation of the materiality of the fitness practices and their impact on the cultural production of the moving body. In this article, I adopt a Latourian approach to seek for a more complete account of the body in motion and how it matters in the contemporary world. A barre class as a popular group exercise class that combines ballet and exercise modalities offers a location for such an examination due to the centrality of a non-human object, the barre, that distinguishes it from other group exercise classes. I consider how exercise practices may be constituted in relation to a material object, the barre, and how the physical and material intersect, historically, with the cultural politics of fitness and dance from where the barre originates. To do this, I trace the journey of the barre from ballet training to the fitness industry to illustrate how human and non-human associations create a hybrid collective.
Religious Diversity, Secular Ethos and Schooling in a secondary school in India
Authors: Idnani Deepa
Published: June 2021

The present study look at religious diversity and the role it plays in a school in India. The Constitution of India under Article 25-28 protects the freedom of religion in the country. The secular ideals are the core guiding principles of the society which were incorporated by the 42nd Amendment to the Preamble of the Indian Constitution. Therefore, the study tries to look at religious practices, attitudes, values and beliefs in the school to understand religious diversity. It also tries to understand the views of parents, teachers, and students to contextualize the school ethos, culture and schooling process. To comprehend the secular outlook and its role as envisaged in the Constitution of our country. The present study is a qualitative case study which was conducted in a public school by using observation and interviews with 30 students and 10 teachers of the school from classes VI-VIII each, apart from 10 interviews with parents. There is an indication, that there is a secular ethos in the school, however there are few occurrences of segregation, but on the whole there is inclusion. The policies, practices in the school reflect resilience and tolerance, characterized by value education
Implementation of Wireless Sensor Network in Earthquake Warning Simulation Using SW-420 Sensor
Authors: Ishomyl Mukhamad
Published: June 2021

The wireless sensor network is a network consisting of sensor devices that detect nearby symptoms and then send information about the obtained results. Earthquakes are natural phenomena that can come at any time. So we need a tool that works automatically to give a warning as soon as possible when a WSN-based earthquake occurs to anticipate community rescue and reduce the number of casualties. This earthquake simulation alert will provide two notifications. Visual notifications displayed on the LCD and from the web. The sound notification issued by the buzzer will be different depending on the vibration received by the SW-420 sensor. Parameter earthquake used is MMI (modified mercalli intensity) using a visual assessment, international earthquake parameters. SIG (earthquake intensity scale) which already has a PGA (Peak Ground Acceleration) unit and includes MMI in it which is made by BMKG. After an excessive vibration is detected and it exceeds a predetermined limit, the MCU node will send an analog signal to the buzzer to provide a notification that has been set. For each appear notification, it aims to direct the public as soon as possible to assembly point that has been set in each building. Each detected vibration will be stored in WEB database. The vibration results detected by the sensor are a value of 0 (low) and 1 (high). These results will be sampled and produce an output in the form of Earthquake Intensity Scale.
A Review on Development of Ceramic-Graphene Based Nanohybrid Composite Systems in Biological Applications
Authors: Jakubczak Michał , Jastrzębska Agnieszka M.
Published: June 2021

Graphene-based nanocomposites constitute an interesting and promising material for various applications. Intensive progress in the development of this group of materials offers an opportunity to create new systems useful for drinking water decontamination or other biotechnological applications. Nanohybrid structures of graphene-ceramic systems can be obtained using covalent graphene surface modification with nanoparticles (NPs) of ceramic and/or co-deposition of metals with selected morphology and chemistry. The present paper systematizes the associated bio-related knowledge and inspires future development of graphene/NPs systems. Emerging knowledge and unique research techniques are reviewed within designing the required nanocomposite structure and chemical composition, development and optimization of new methods of covalent surface modification of graphene with NPs as well as analysis of mechanisms governing the formation of covalent bonding. Further, innovative research tools and methodologies are presented regarding the adjustment of functionalities of materials used for the application in drinking water decontamination or biocidal composites. This study provides a comprehensive base for rational development of more complex, hybrid graphene-based nanomaterials with various bio-functionalities that can be further applied in industrial practice.
Artificial Intelligence Solutions to Increase Medication Adherence in Patients With Non-communicable Diseases
Authors: Babel Aditi , Taneja Richi , Mondello Malvestiti Franco , Monaco Alessandro , Donde Shaantanu
Published: June 2021

Artificial intelligence (AI) tools are increasingly being used within healthcare for various purposes, including helping patients to adhere to drug regimens. The aim of this narrative review was to describe: (1) studies on AI tools that can be used to measure and increase medication adherence in patients with non-communicable diseases (NCDs); (2) the benefits of using AI for these purposes; (3) challenges of the use of AI in healthcare; and (4) priorities for future research. We discuss the current AI technologies, including mobile phone applications, reminder systems, tools for patient empowerment, instruments that can be used in integrated care, and machine learning. The use of AI may be key to understanding the complex interplay of factors that underly medication non-adherence in NCD patients. AI-assisted interventions aiming to improve communication between patients and physicians, monitor drug consumption, empower patients, and ultimately, increase adherence levels may lead to better clinical outcomes and increase the quality of life of NCD patients. However, the use of AI in healthcare is challenged by numerous factors; the characteristics of users can impact the effectiveness of an AI tool, which may lead to further inequalities in healthcare, and there may be concerns that it could depersonalize medicine. The success and widespread use of AI technologies will depend on data storage capacity, processing power, and other infrastructure capacities within healthcare systems. Research is needed to evaluate the effectiveness of AI solutions in different patient groups and establish the barriers to widespread adoption, especially in light of the COVID-19 pandemic, which has led to a rapid increase in the use and development of digital health technologies.
Approaches to Gene Mutation Analysis Using Formalin-Fixed Paraffin-Embedded Adrenal Tumor Tissue From Patients With Primary Aldosteronism
Authors: Nanba Kazutaka , Rainey William E. , Udager Aaron M.
Published: June 2021

Aldosterone production is physiologically under the control of circulating potassium and angiotensin II as well as adrenocorticotropic hormone and other secretagogues such as serotonin. The adrenal’s capacity to produce aldosterone relies heavily on the expression of a single enzyme, aldosterone synthase (CYP11B2). This enzyme carries out the final reactions in the synthesis of aldosterone and is expressed almost solely in the adrenal zona glomerulosa. From a disease standpoint, primary aldosteronism (PA) is the most common of all adrenal disorders. PA results from renin-independent adrenal expression of CYP11B2 and production of aldosterone. The major causes of PA are adrenal aldosterone-producing adenomas (APA) and adrenal idiopathic hyperaldosteronism. Our understanding of the genetic causes of APA has significantly improved through comprehensive genetic profiling with next-generation sequencing. Whole-exome sequencing has led to the discovery of mutations in six genes that cause renin-independent aldosterone production and thus PA. To facilitate broad-based prospective and retrospective studies of APA, recent technologic advancements have allowed the determination of tumor mutation status using formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue sections. This approach has the advantages of providing ready access to archival samples and allowing CYP11B2 immunohistochemistry-guided capture of the exact tissue responsible for inappropriate aldosterone synthesis. Herein we review the methods and approaches that facilitate the use of adrenal FFPE material for DNA capture, sequencing, and mutation determination.
Method for Identifying Essential Proteins by Key Features of Proteins in a Novel Protein-Domain Network
Authors: He Xin , Kuang Linai , Chen Zhiping , Tan Yihong , Wang Lei
Published: June 2021

In recent years, due to low accuracy and high costs of traditional biological experiments, more and more computational models have been proposed successively to infer potential essential proteins. In this paper, a novel prediction method called KFPM is proposed, in which, a novel protein-domain heterogeneous network is established first by combining known protein-protein interactions with known associations between proteins and domains. Next, based on key topological characteristics extracted from the newly constructed protein-domain network and functional characteristics extracted from multiple biological information of proteins, a new computational method is designed to effectively integrate multiple biological features to infer potential essential proteins based on an improved PageRank algorithm. Finally, in order to evaluate the performance of KFPM, we compared it with 13 state-of-the-art prediction methods, experimental results show that, among the top 1, 5, and 10% of candidate proteins predicted by KFPM, the prediction accuracy can achieve 96.08, 83.14, and 70.59%, respectively, which significantly outperform all these 13 competitive methods. It means that KFPM may be a meaningful tool for prediction of potential essential proteins in the future.
Impact of Sex Differences on Mortality in Patients With Sepsis After Trauma: A Nationwide Cohort Study
Authors: Kondo Yutaka , Miyazato Atsushi , Okamoto Ken , Tanaka Hiroshi
Published: June 2021

Objective

Sepsis is the leading cause of death in intensive care units, and sepsis after trauma is associated with increased mortality rates. However, the characteristics of sepsis after trauma remain unknown, and the influence of sex on mortality remains controversial. This study aimed to assess the role of sex in in-hospital mortality in patients with sepsis after trauma.

Methods

We performed a retrospective cohort study involving several emergency hospitals (n=288) in Japan. The data of patients with trauma who developed sepsis after admission from 2004 to 2019 were obtained from the Japan Trauma Data Bank. We divided the patients into two groups according to sex and compared their in-hospital mortality. We also performed subgroup analysis limited to the elderly population (age ≥ 65 years) and evaluated in-hospital mortality between men and women.

Results

A total of 1935 patients met the inclusion criteria during the study period. Of these, 1204 (62.2%) were allocated to the male group and 731 (37.8%) to the female group. Multivariable Cox proportional-hazards analysis showed a significantly lower risk of in-hospital mortality in the female group than in the male group (hazard ratio (HR): 0.74, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.62–0.89; p=0.001). In the subgroup analysis, multivariable Cox proportional hazards still showed significantly lower risks of in-hospital mortality in the female group than in the male group (HR: 0.72, 95% CI: 0.58–0.88; p=0.002).

Conclusion

The present study shows a significantly increased survival in the female group when compared to that in the male group of patients with sepsis after trauma. The underlying mechanism remains unclear, and further investigations are required.
Baseline CD3+CD56+ (NKT-like) Cells and the Outcome of Influenza Vaccination in Children Undergoing Chemotherapy
Authors: Leibinger Evelin A. , Pauler Gábor , Benedek Noémi , Berki Tímea , Jankovics István , McNally Richard , Ottóffy Gábor
Published: June 2021

Background

In children undergoing chemotherapy yearly influenza vaccination is recommended by treatment protocols. We investigated the relationship between cellular immunity and the antibody response to inactivated influenza vaccines.

Methods

25 patients (age: 2-18 years) undergoing chemotherapy for different malignancies participated in our study. Flow cytometric detection of peripheral blood lymphocyte subpopulations together with hemagglutination inhibition antibody titers were measured before and 21-28 days after vaccination. We examined the ratio and total numbers of CD3+, CD4+, CD8+ T cells, activated helper (CD3+CD4+CD25low), regulatory (CD3+CD4+CD25high), naive (CD3+CD45RA+) and memory (CD3+CD45RO+) T cells, CD56+NK, and CD3+CD56+ (NKT-like) cells. Relationships between specific antibody responses (seroprotection, seroconversion, geometric mean titer (GMT), geometric mean fold increase (GMFI)) and the ratios and counts of lymphocyte subpopulations were evaluated using one-way ANOVA and the paired sample t test after dichotomization according to age-related reference values.

Results

Patients with CD4+ lymphocyte levels in the normal age-specific range showed significantly better response regarding postvaccination GMT elevation for H1N1 and H3N2 strains (97.52 vs. 19.2, p=0.019, 80 vs. 14.43, p=0.021, respectively). GMFI results were significant only against B strain (2.69-fold vs. 1.23-fold, p=0.046). Prevaccination CD3+CD56+ (NKT-like) cells above predicted values according to age showed significant associations both in postvaccination GMT elevation (H1N1: 75.11 vs. 14.14, p=0.010; H3N2: 62.18 vs. 11.22, p=0.012; B: 22.69 vs. 6.67, p=0.043) and GMFI against all three strains (H1N1: 3.76-fold vs. 1.06-fold, p=0.015; H3N2: 2.74-fold vs. 1, p=0.013; B: 2.57-fold vs. 1, p=0.008). By one-way ANOVA, we found a positive relation between absolute lymphocyte cell count above 1000/µl and the postvaccination GMT elevation against H3N2 (12.81 vs. 56.56, p=0.032), and GMFI regarding H1N1 (1.22-fold vs. 3.48-fold, p=0.044).

Conclusions

In addition to verifying the predictive value of absolute lymphocyte count above 1000/µl, our results suggest an association between NKT-like cell counts and the specific antibody response against all three investigated influenza strains in highly immunosuppressed patients. Furthermore, prevaccination CD4+ lymphocyte levels in the normal age-specific range may influence seroresponse.