bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Karakterisasi Bakteri Rhizosfer Putri Malu (Mimosa pudica) yang Berpotensi sebagai Dekomposer dalam Pembuatan Biourin
Authors: Febriyantiningrum Kuntum , Sriwulan Sriwulan , Nurfitria Nia
Published: January 2024

This research aims to determine the characterization of the rhizosphere bacteria of the roots of Mimosa pudica in its contribution as a decomposer agent that will be used in making of biourine. The research held in June-August 2023, was carried out in several stages, like the preparation stage, the bacterial isolation stage, and observing the macroscopic and microscopic characteristics of the bacteria. The results of the macroscopic and microscopic characteristics obtained during the observations showed that the isolates in the MOL of the roots of Mimosa pudica resembled the characteristics of bacteria from the genera Bacillus (MAP6), Rhizobium (MAP4), Pseudomonas (MAP1, MAP2, MAP3, MAP5, and MAP8), and Klebsiella (MAP7). These four genera are types of soil bacteria that are capable of producing plant hormones that can speed up the process of nutrients absorption and breakdown of organic material in the soil optimally.
Identifikasi Pencemaran Merkuri di Tanah Lokasi Aktivitas dan Pasca Aktivitas Penambangan Emas Tanpa Izin di Desa Roko Kabupaten Halmahera Utara
Authors: Tuny Margaretha Tabita , Kurnia Kurnia , Sudrajat Tania Ayu , Mahudin Kres , Ganna Melisa , Luma Defrit
Published: January 2024

Research has been carried out with the title identification of mercury pollution in soil at activity locations and post-unlicensed gold mining (PETI) activities in Roko Village, North Halmahera Regency, with the aim of determining the level of pollution and distribution of mercury at PETI and post-PETI activity locations. Sampling used the proportional sampling method in which 5 soil samples were taken at each location. Soil pH measurements were carried out in situ using a Soil Survey Instrument. To analyze mercury concentration in soil, soil samples were taken, preserved, prepared and tested for mercury concentration using a mercury analyzer. The analysis results show that the pH category at the PETI activity location is in the acid category with a pH range of 4.5-5. Meanwhile, the soil pH at the post-PETI location is in the acid to slightly acid category, namely pH 5-6. The results of the analysis of mercury concentrations in the soil at the PETI location ranged from 3.21 mg/kg - 74.99 mg/kg and post-PETI activity locations ranged from 1.76 mg/kg - 167.1 mg/kg at a radius of 0-50 m and has exceeded the normal criteria for mercury in soil and reached the very critical criteria category.
Profil Creative Thinking Siswa SMA di Lombok : Habits of Mind
Authors: Masiah Masiah , Firdaus Laras
Published: January 2024

Creative thinking is one of the skills that every individual must master in the 21st century. Each person has a different level of creative thinking. Measurement of creative thinking needs to be carried out so that in the learning process teachers can determine the learning methods and models that will be intensified. The aim of this research is to describe the creative thinking of high school students in Lombok which was accessed through a questionnaire. This research is survey research. The sample determination method is convenience sampling. The respondents involved were 731 students spread across 14 high schools in 3 districts in Lombok. Data were analyzed descriptively with percentages. The research results show that the average creative thinking of high school students in Lombok is in the creative category. This research is part of preliminary research, and for further research this data is verified with a creative test.
Etnobotani Tumbuhan Obat yang Dijual di Blok Bahan Jamu Pasar Raya I Salatiga
Authors: Ananda Raditya Se'o , Suprihati Suprihati
Published: January 2024

Ethnobotany is a branch of science that studies the correlation between humans and plants. Generally, the basic ingredients for making herbal medicine come from types of medicinal plants. The majority of city residents buy medicinal plants from markets or drug stores. Pasar Raya I Salatiga as a source of meeting the needs of the people of Salatiga City. The aim of this research is to know the types of medicinal plants being sold, knowing the parts of the medicinal plants being sold, knowing the shape of the medicinal plants being sold, knowing how to obtain the medicinal plants being sold, and knowing the agrotechnological engineering actions of one of the medicinal plants being sold. This research is a qualitative descriptive research. This research was conducted with three herbal medicine sellers, three consumers, and three ginger farmers. This research was conducted in August-September 2023. Data collection techniques used semi-structured interviews, observation, literature study and documentation. Data processing with simple statistics. The research results found a total of 92 medicinal plants. The parts of medicinal plants sold include roots (4%), stems (7%), seeds (19%), fruit (16%), flowers (4%), leaves (26%), leaves & flowers (1%), herbs (1%), bark (4%), rhizomes (15%), and tubers (3%). The forms of medicinal plants sold include dry (71%), fresh (17%), dry & fresh (7%), and processed (5%). All medicinal plants are obtained by purchasing. Agrotechnological engineering actions carried out by ginger farmers include applying fertilizer, planting in the right season and scheduling planting.
Studi Meta Analisis : Peningkatan Kemampuan Literasi Biodiversitas Berdasarkan Model Pembelajaran dan Tingkat Pendidikan
Authors: Fajri Siti Rabiatul , Sudiatmika AAIA Rai , Suma I Ketut , Suardana I Nyoman
Published: January 2024

This research aims to analyze the increase in biodiversity literacy skills based on learning methods and level of education. Apart from that, this research also analyzes indicators of biodiversity literacy. The research analyzed 8 reputable international journals with 6 learning methods, 4 levels of education, and 10 biodiversity literacy assessment indicators. The research was carried out with meta analysis in the form of effect size analysis using the OpenMEE application. The research results stated that, based on the analysis of 8 reputable international journals, the estimated Effect Size (ES) value was 0.357 in the medium category (0.2 ≤ ES ≤ 0.8) and the p-Value < 0.001. Meanwhile, heterogeneous analysis shows that the Tau^2 value is 0.127 with an I^2 of 89.434, meaning that the diversity of variance from the journal studies analyzed has a very significant effect. Meanwhile, the results of the effect size analysis based on the learning model stated that there were 3 learning methods that obtained an estimated Effect Size (ES) value in the high category, including: Green Learning Method (GeLem) obtained an estimated effect size value of 3.797, a learning method based on local wisdom obtained a value The estimated effect size was 1.665, and the Virtual Field Trip assisted by Augmented Reality obtained an estimated effect size value of 0.974. Furthermore, the results of the effect size analysis of biodiversity literacy abilities at various levels of education stated that high school students had higher biodiversity literacy abilities compared to other levels of education, namely 1.281 in the high category (ES ³ 0.8). This research also analyzes the effect size value based on biodiversity literacy indicators. Based on 10 biodiversity literacy indicators, only one indicator shows the highest estimated effect size value compared to other indicators, namely the environmental knowledge indicator of 1.813. Thus, it can be concluded that there is a significant influence in increasing biodiversity literacy skills based on learning methods and level of education.
Resistance of the Al-Qurṭubī to the Interpretation of Jannah in Qs. Al-Baqarah: 35 as a Place on Earth
Authors: Athi'ullah Ibnur Rijal , Nisa' Luthfi Karimatun , Adib Ahmad Hidhir
Published: January 2024

The Qur'an, as the word of Allah SWT, establishes many dictions when visualizing heaven, one of which is Jannah. Jannah is also one of the dictions that Rasulullah SAW chose when explaining to his friends about heaven. However, the term jannah in the Koran does not always mean heaven, sometimes it means garden. Departing from these two meanings, the mufassir disagrees regarding the meaning of Jannah in the QS. al-Baqarah: 35. This verse tells the story of the Prophet Adam who lived in Jannah. In this case, al-Qurṭubī very harshly criticized those who said Jannah in the QS. al-Baqarah: 35 is not heaven. The argument is built on three reasons, namely that someone who enters heaven will not come out of it, Satan cannot enter heaven, and there is no taklīf in heaven. This research aims to determine al-Qurṭubī’s critical analysis of the interpretation of Jannah in the QS. al-Baqarah: 35. This type of research is qualitative with a critical discourse analysis approach which is enhanced by literature review. The result, firstly, according to al-Qurṭubī, Prophet Adam's stay in heaven was indeed temporary. His expulsion from heaven is a scenario that Allah SWT has prepared. Second, Satan's entry into heaven is not impossible. Third, the absence of taklīf applies when all the inhabitants of heaven have entered it as a reward for what they have done in the world.
Awrah and Women's Clothing: Reinterpretation of Islamic Texts in Indonesian Contexts
Authors: Nikmatullah Nikmatullah
Published: January 2024

The concept of Awrah among Indonesian Muslims undergoes a process of contextualization and adaptation to local culture. This article focuses on the understanding of the ulemas about Awrah based on the interpretation of Al-Quran and Hadith texts which have implications for the practice of women's clothing. By using a qualitative approach, data obtained from online media and interviews. This article shows that the models, forms and trends of women's clothing influenced by multiple interpretations of Islamic texts, which are not only influenced by religious understanding, modernity, local traditions but also the context of the relationship between Islam and the state. There has been a shift in the reasons women cover their private parts from piety and obedience in religion; security, comfort and tranquility; then a lifestyle. External factors that influence women to cover their awrah are due to the family and friends, as well as maintaining local traditions. Interestingly, women who choose not to cover their awrah have the support of religious prominent, with argumentation personally and religiously. There are attempts to reinterpret the spirit of Awrah which does not only focus on women's clothing, but includes issues of ethics, morals, decency and protection of women.
Commodification of the Qur'an as an Advertising Strategy for Women's Clothing in the @hijabalila Account
Authors: Jannah Roudlotul
Published: January 2024

The Qur'ān that is present in social media by involving meaning tends to lead to commodification efforts. The @hijabalila account as a Muslim women's clothing sales account uses the meaning of the Qur'ān as a means of advertising its commodities. The meaning made by the @hijabalila account is adjusted to marketing interests by using language narratives. The adjustment of meaning to the marketing interests of the @hijabalila account ignores other forms of meaning of the criteria for women's clothing which has an impact on changing the function of the Quran as a commodification tool. So, this research focuses on examining how the process of commodification of the Quran is used as an advertisement for women's clothing on the @hijabalila account. This research was applied using a qualitative method of literature review obtained from data sources related to research with the theory of Vincent Mosco's political economy approach. As a result, the commodification process carried out by the @hijabalila account can be seen from three sides. First, the @hijabalila account gives meaning to the Qur'an adjusted to the goods sold and used as content. Second, besides utilising the interpretation of the Qur'an to attract audiences, the @hijabalila account also uses Isntagram as a medium for marketing expansion. Third, there is a process of production and reproduction through the formation of meaning in the verses of women's clothing by the @hijabalila account to the audience.
The Relationship of Religion and State Law in Indonesia Paradigm Theory Perspective of the Relationship Between Religion and the State
Authors: Musadad Ahmad
Published: January 2024

The discourse on the relationship between religion and the state in the context of the implementation of Islamic law in Indonesia is an issue that will never go stale. This article aims to examine the relationship between Islamic law and state law from a paradigm theoretical perspective on the relationship between religion and the state, a study of the thoughts of Indonesian thinker Prof. Arskal Salim. The type of method used is qualitative, data comes from library materials, the main data is the book "Challenging the Secular State; The Islamization of Law in Modern Indonesia” by Prof. Dr. M. Arskal Salim GP, M.Ag. The data is read, analyzed, separated and categorized and then analyzed using descriptive analysis and content analysis. The research results show that Prof. Arskal Salim in his book raises five issues related to the dynamics and discourse of the relationship between religion and the state in the form of the application of Islamic law in state law in Indonesia. The five issues are the dialectic of the concept of sharia and the issue of the nation state, the dialectic of the formalization of Islamic law and the issue of nationalism, the implementation of Islamic law in the Pancasila state constitution, legislation and the formalization of Islamic law in national law, the formalization of Islamic law in Aceh from the beginning of independence to the reform era. Based on the theoretical analysis of the paradigm of relations between religion and the state, namely the integralistic, symbiotic and secularistic paradigms, a fourth new typology was discovered, namely symbiotic-integralistic which is a combination of the symbiotic and integralistic paradigms. This symbiotic paradigm applies throughout Indonesia, and the integralistic paradigm only applies in Nangroe Aceh Darussalam Province.
REFORMULATION OF ISLAMIC BOARDING SCHOOLS IN ATTRACTING THE SYMPATHY OF THE RELIGIOUS LEARNING COMMUNITY
Authors: Indah Aliyyah Dini Asfarina , Mansur Rosichin , Wiyono Dwi Fitri
Published: January 2024

This research aimed to describe the results obtained from the reformulation of the Ngalah Islamic Boarding School to attract the sympathy of the community to learn Islamic religious knowledge. This research used a qualitative approach that emphasizes the social processes that occur at the Ngalah Islamic Boarding School. In the data collection process that will be carried out, several data collection techniques are used (in-depth interviews, field observations, and documentation. Data analysis used interactive analysis, namely data collection, data simplification, data presentation and conclusion submission. The results of the research showed that the reformulation used by The Ngalah Islamic Boarding School included: 1) kyai figures; implementation of Kyai's dawuh as the basis of Islamic boarding schools, 2) Holding regular recitations for the general public, 3) preparing books and distributing them for free or for a fee, 4) Islamic boarding school alumni forming the IKSAN organization, 5) complete educational facilities through development activities, improvements and management programs, maintenance and development of facilities. 6) pluralism and multiculturalism by instilling these values, whether written in the curriculum or not, and in real practice.
MADRASAH AND PARENTS ALLIANCE AS AN EFFORT TO PREVENT INVISIBLE TEACHERS
Authors: Astutik Ummi Puji , Fauzan Umar , Malihah Noor
Published: January 2024

The purpose of this study was to reveal how the collaboration of madrasas and parents as an alliance prevents invisible teachers from occurring in the MTs environment. Raudlatus Sholihin. This research method used a qualitative case study type. MAN 2 Samarinda was the location and object of this research. Data collection techniques used observation, interviews with 6 informants (head of madrasah, Deputy Head of Public Relations, Deputy Head of Curriculum, one of the class teachers, and 2 parents of students), and documentation. The analysis technique applied the interactive analytical model of Miles, Huberman, and Saldana by condensing the data, presenting the data, which then draws conclusions. Source triangulation was a technique for checking the validity of data. The results of the study explained that the alliance of madrasah cooperative relations with parents can be an influence on preventing invisible teachers of MAN 2 Samarinda. There were two efforts in this regard, namely volunteering in community groups and routine weekly work meetings using brainstorming techniques. As a member of the community, the teacher acts as a role model for the community around him, both in his personal life and family life. As a community agent, the teacher acts as a mediator between the community and the world of education in schools.
CANVA-BASED INTERACTIVE LEARNING MEDIA FOR ISLAMIC RELIGIOUS EDUCATION SUBJECTS
Authors: Nabillah Winna , Tanjung Ellisa Fitri
Published: January 2024

This research aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of using Canva-based interactive learning media in increasing students' understanding and participation in Islamic Religious Education subjects. The research method applied was a pretest-posttest experimental design using a control group and an experimental group. During the research, students from both groups were introduced to the learning material through conventional methods at first, but the experimental group was then given access to interactive learning media based on Canva. The results of the study showed a significant increase in understanding of the material and the level of participation of students in the experimental group compared to the control group. Statistical analysis showed significant differences between pretest and posttest within the experimental group, while the control group showed more limited improvement. This increase included aspects of understanding Islamic religious concepts as well as the level of student activity in the learning process. Implications include an in-depth analysis of Canva's effectiveness as a learning medium, challenges that teachers and students may face during its implementation, and suggestions for further development. The implication of this research was that Canva can be considered an effective tool in improving the quality of Islamic Religious Education learning, integrating interactive elements that motivate students to be more involved in learning.
Improving Students’ Vocabulary by Using Short Story
Authors: Bria Gaudensiana Bete , Bouk Edmundus , Seran Yanuarius
Published: January 2024

The research was conducted due to students’ low ability in mastering English vocabulary. This research aimed at improving the second grade students’ vocabulary by using short story in SMP Satap Negeri Nian. This research used classroom action research. This research was carried out in one cycle with three actions given. This research was carried out by following CAR’s procedures consisting of planning, action or implementation, observation and reflection. Data were obtained through test results. The results of the preliminary study showed that students' vocabulary mastery were still very low with an average score of 48. Then, the researchers carried out cycle one, and the results of cycle one showed that students' vocabulary mastery had increased significantly, namely with an average score of 76. These results show that the use of short stories in teaching English can significantly increase the vocabulary mastery of second grade students at SMP Satap Negri Nian.
Syntactical Error Made by EFL Learners’ in Writing Descriptive Text
Authors: Adi Mohammad Sofyan
Published: January 2024

This study aims to identify the syntactical errors in the descriptive text writing of 10 elementary-level students at Al-Ikhlas Boarding School. This study applied a qualitative-descriptive approach. The source of data was taken from the students writing. Those descriptive texts were analyzed by classifying the errors as types of syntactical errors. From this study, the researcher found syntactical errors, namely errors in pronouns, be, plurals, and the use of the verb tense. This finding shows that EFL learners cannot completely master and apply the grammar of English in terms of syntactical function to their writing. It is influenced by factors such as interlingual and intralingual transfer. But the dominant factor in these results is interlanguage transfer. This study is supposed to be a reference for another researcher, linguist, and educator for their further study on error analysis.
Pemasangan Lampu Penerangan Jalan Berbasis Panel Surya Di Dusun Klandungan Kabupaten Malang
Authors: Novfowan Anang Dasa , Setiawan Awan , Ruwahjoto Ruwahjoto , Mieftah Moch. , Sukamdi Sukamdi , Sutjipto Rachmat
Published: January 2024

Penerangan jalan berbasis panel surya atau tenaga surya adalah inovasi yang tepat guna merupakan hasil rekayasa energi surya (matahari) yang dikonversi menjadi energi listrik, dan disimpan dalam baterai yang nantinya dijadikan sumber daya untuk penerangan jalan. Keuntungan menggunakan tenaga surya ialah tidak terpengaruh ketika suplai dari listrik PLN padam, karena energi yang digunakan adalah energi panas dari matahari serta tidak perlu lagi menarik sumber listrik dari jaringan listrik PLN. Penerangan jalan di lingkungan dusun Klandungan masih sedikit dan bersumber dari jaringan listrik PLN, sehingga dapat mengganggu kenyamanan keamanan pengguna jalan di malam hari. Latar belakang masyarakat di wilayah ini bekerja di sore sampai malam hari, sehingga penerangan jalan mutlak diperlukan ketika melewati jalan tersebut. Dengan adanya penerangan yang layak dapat memberikan kenyamanan pengguna jalan dan lingkungan sekitar.
RANCANG BANGUN SISTEM INFORMASI PENDAFTARAN PROGRAM AYO MENGHAFAL DAN MEMAHAMI AL-QURAN (AMMA) DI YAYASAN IHYAUL QURAN INDONESIA
Authors: Shoumi Milyun Ni’ma , Syulistyo Arie Rachmad , Kirana Annisa Puspa , Hani’ah Mamluatul
Published: January 2024

Sistem informasi (SI)cadalah salah satu faktor yang penting bagi sebuah instansi yang bergerak di bidang pendidikan.  SI memungkinkan instansi untuk lebih produktif dalam memperoleh, memproses, dan menggunakan informasi secara akurat. Salah satu jenis sistem informasi yang dapat membantu proses operasional sebuah instansi di bidang pendidikan adalah Sistem Informasi Pendaftaran untuk program-program yang diselenggarakan oleh lembaga pendidikan. Yayasan Ihyaul Quran merupakan salah satu jenis yayasan pendidikan di Kota Malang yang memiliki beberapa program, diantaranya Program Pendidikan Sekolah Balita, Tahfidz Quran, Kursus Quran, Kuttab Ibadurrahman, dan Ayo Menghafal dan Memahami Al-Quran (AMMA). Saat ini dalam proses pendaftarannya, khususnya program AMMA masih dilakukan secara manual. Kegiatan PKM ini mengusulkan sebuah pengembangan aplikasi dan pelatihan Sistem Informasi Pendaftaran Program Ayo Menghafal dan Memahami Al-Quran (AMMA) di Yayasan Ihyaul Quran Indonesia. Dengan adanya sistem ini diharapkan dapat memudahkan calon peserta dalam melakukan pendaftaran, dan juga memudahkan admin program dalam melakukan pengelolaan data calon peserta.
PELATIHAN PEMBUATAN VIDEO IKLAN UNTUK PENERAPAN KOMUNIKASI PEMASARAN TERINTEGRASI PADA UMKM KATERING RAYUNG PELANGI KOTA MALANG
Authors: Budiarti Lina , Wijayanti Rena Feri , Mustain Kun , Kusumasasti Ika , Permanasari Kartika Indah
Published: January 2024

Marketing is often interpreted narrowly as the activity of distributing products from producers to consumers, even though in fact it is not just that activity. Advertising is one of the many activities in marketing. All activities in marketing need to be integrated with each other so as to produce a mature marketing concept. Likewise with advertising activities which are one of the communication activities in integrated marketing communications. In small businesses, generally communication activities are carried out separately and have not yet integrated their communication activities. This community service aims to provide guidance on the importance of conducting integrated marketing communications, namely integrating marketing communication activities in the form of sales promotions that have already been carried out by partners with advertising.
Reynolds Number Effects on the Drag Reduction With a Spanwise Traveling Wave of Blowing and Suction in Turbulent Channel Flows
Authors: Huang Yi , Fu Song
Published: January 2024

Turbulent channel flows with Reτ = 180 and Reτ = 550 are controlled to reduce the drag with a spanwise traveling wave of the blowing and suction method. An oscillatory spanwise motion is generated with a periodically reversing propagation direction of the traveling wave, similarly as the wall oscillation. Direct numerical simulation (DNS) results show that this kind of blowing and suction control can achieve a drag reduction rate of 24.5% with Reτ = 180, and 7.5% with Reτ = 550. The reasons for the deterioration in drag reduction rates are thought to be the lift-up mechanism by the actuation through an asymptotic expansion method, and the controlled inner regions and small-scale structures having less significance when the Reynolds number is high.
Silver coating on dental implant-abutment connection screws as potential strategy to prevent loosening and minimizing bacteria adhesion
Authors: Velasco-Ortega Eugenio , Jiménez-Guerra Alvaro , Ortiz-Garcia Iván , Nuñez-Márquez Enrique , Moreno-Muñoz Jesús , Gil Javier , Delgado Luis M. , Rondón-Romero José Luis , Monsalve-Guil Loreto
Published: January 2024

Introduction: One of the main problems for the long-term behavior of dental implants are loosening of the implant-abutment connection screws and bacterial infiltration. The aim of this work is to increase the screw fixation by silver coating, providing superior mechanical retaining and antibacterial effect.

Methods: Eighty dental implants with their abutments and screws have been studied. Twenty screws were not coated and were used as a control while the rest of screws were silver coated by sputtering, with three different thickness: 10, 20 and 40 μm and 20 screws per each thickness. Coating morphology and thickness were determined by scanning electron microscopy using image analysis systems. The screws were tightened for each of the thicknesses and the control with two torques 15 Ncm and 20 Ncm and tested under mechanical fatigue simulating oral stresses up to a maximum of 500,000 cycles. The remaining torques at different cycles were determined with a high-sensitivity torquemeter. Cell viability assays were performed with SaOs-2 osteoblasts and microbiological studies were performed against Streptococcus gordonii and Enterococcus faecalis bacteria strains, determining their metabolic activity and viability using live/dead staining.

Results: It was observed a decrease in torque as cycles increase. For a preload of 15 Ncm at 100,000 cycles, the loosening was complete and, for 20 Ncm at 500,000 cycles, 85% of torque was lost. The silver coatings retained the torque, especially the one with a thickness of 40 μm, retaining 90% of the initial torque at 500,000 cycles. It was observed that osteoblastic viability values did not reach 70%, which could indicate a slight cytotoxic effect in contact with cells or tissues; however, the screw should not be in direct contact with tissue or living cells. Silver coating induced a significant reduction of the bacteria metabolic activity for Streptococcus gordonii and Enterococcus faecalis, around 90% and 85% respectively.

Discussion: Therefore, this coating may be of interest to prevent loosening of implant systems with a worthy antibacterial response.
Geological factors controlling high flowback rates of shale gas wells in the Changning area of the southern Sichuan Basin, China
Authors: Liu Yongyang , Zhao Shengxian , Yang Xuefeng , Li Bo , Zhang Jian , Ji Chunhai , Huang Shan , Wu Tianpeng , Qu Chongjiu
Published: January 2024

In the Changning block of the southern Sichuan Basin, the shale gas wells in the Upper Ordovician Wufeng Formation to Lower Silurian Longmaxi Formation (Wufeng–Longmaxi) demonstrate significant difference in flowback rate of fracturing fluid, given the same fracturing scale and production time. Based on the P90 curve of flowback rate with time, wells with high flowback rates in this area are categorized, and they are generally defined with the 100-day flowback rate of >40%, the 200-day flowback rate of >50%, and the first-year flowback rate >60%. Through comprehensive research on the geological characteristics of the Changning block, the geological factors that cause high gas well backflow rates have been identified. The results are obtained in four aspects. First, gas wells with high flowback rates generally show higher flow rates for smaller distances to the fault, and the NE faults formed during the late Yanshanian to early Himalayan and with fault throw >200 m have the greatest impact on the flowback rate. Second, plane heterogeneity of water saturation contributes to the high flowback rate of some wells. Third, the proportion of the Middle Ordovician Baota Formation in the horizontal section of wells is positively related to the flowback rate, and the drilling and fracturing of the Baota limestone with high water content can lead to high flowback rates of gas wells to some extent. Fourth, unidirectional linear natural fractures between wells can easily cause inter-well frac-hit, leading to high flowback rates of gas wells. In conclusion, the research results are helpful in predicting areas where high backflow rate gas wells may occur and developing corresponding drainage and production methods in advance.
Ambient noise tomography of El Hierro island (Canary Islands)
Authors: Cabrera-Pérez Iván , Soubestre Jean , D’Auria Luca , Przeor Monika , García Rubén , Barrancos José , Padilla Germán D. , Pérez Nemesio M. , Prudencio Janire
Published: January 2024

El Hierro island is one of the most active islands in the Canary Islands from a volcanological point of view. This is the reason why the imaging of the internal crustal structure is of huge importance. The geophysical exploration methods employed on El Hierro Island, such as gravimetry and seismic tomography, allowed obtaining the high-resolution characterization of the crust’s deep part. However, these methods did not yield significant information about the surface and the shallower part of the crust. To gain a deeper insight into the shallow geological structure of El Hierro island, we employed Ambient Noise Tomography to construct a 3D S-wave velocity model. Our investigation revealed the presence of seven significant seismic velocity anomalies, partly identified by previous studies. We identified two high-velocity anomalies located in the eastern and western parts of the island at a depth between 0 and 3 km below sea level (b.s.l.). We interpreted these anomalies as dense intrusive complexes of dikes, possibly linked to the Tanganasoga volcano and the formation of the Tiñor edifice. Additionally, we observed two high-velocity anomalies in the northern and southern parts of the island at a depth between 3 and 4 km b.s.l., which we related to the accumulation of solidified igneous rocks. On the other hand, a low-velocity anomaly was observed in the Golfo valley, between 0 and 0.5 km b.s.l., and we interpreted it as megalandslide deposits. This anomaly was evidenced for the first time in the present study. Finally, two low-velocity anomalies were observed in the southern part of the island at different depths, between 0–0.5 km b.s.l. and 0–2 km b.s.l. These were interpreted as fractures generated by Quaternary volcanism along the SSE Rift. Also, one of them was evidenced for the first time in this study, corresponding to the zone of the fractures produced during the Quaternary volcanism. This study has allowed us to gain a more detailed understanding of the shallow geological structure of the island. Even if most of the anomalies had been evidenced previously, we could observe the existence of two low-velocity zones in the shallow crust that have not been observed before.
Characteristics and mechanism of large deformation of a reservoir colluvial landslide-a case study of the Yulinerzu landslide in Xiluodu Reservoir, China
Authors: Wei Jinbing , Wang Dikai , Yang Zhongkang , Wang Jiexiong , Li Yuming , Hu Wanyu
Published: January 2024

The reactivation of colluvial landslides in reservoir banks poses a serious threat to the safety of hydropower projects and nearby towns. This study aims to research the morphological evolution of this type of landslides under the action of reservoir water and the impact of morphological evolution on landslide stability. The study focused on the Yulinerzu landslide, a large reactivated colluvial landslide in the Xiluodu Reservoir, China. Field surveys were conducted to analyze the geological structure of the landslide. In situ monitoring and surveys were used to obtain the deformation characteristics and morphological evolution of the landslide. A combined seepage-slope stability analysis was conducted to reveal the deformation mechanism. The results show that the reactivation of the Yulinerzu landslide is dominated by reservoir water fluctuations rather than rainfall. The underlying geological condition of the colluvial landslide is its hydrogeological structure, which causes the landslide to deform in a step-like manner during reservoir operation. With the accumulation of displacement and morphology evolution, the landslide displayed self-stabilizing characteristics. Therefore, in the stability analysis and risk assessment of large deformation landslides, it is essential to take into account not only the hydraulic effects of reservoir fluctuation but also the evolution of landslide morphology.
Friction stabilities of gypsum and kaolinite/calcite mixture fault gauges under high pressure
Authors: Ren Dongsheng
Published: January 2024

Various lab-scale friction tests and seismic observations have highlighted the role of fault gauges in earthquake initiation in geological faults. These fault gauges consist of particles accumulated over thousands of years due to surface wear caused by friction. Understanding their properties is crucial as they significantly influence both the frictional strength and sliding stability of faults. This study investigates the friction stability parameter (a-b) under loading rates of 0.2–25 μm/s using velocity step tests on gypsum fault gauges under a low normal stress condition (0.9 MPa) and steady-state velocity step tests on fault gauges composed of varying ratios of kaolinite/calcite mixture under an effective normal stress of 3 MPa. The conclusions drawn from this study are as follows: 1) The (a-b) values obtained from near steady-state velocity step tests on gypsum fault gauges and those reported in previous studies under similar conditions were both negative. However, our results show that the former values were one order of magnitude lower than the latter, indicating a higher susceptibility to velocity weakening. 2) Steady-statevelocity steptests on the kaolinite/calcite mixture fault gauges demonstrated positive (a-b) values for all mixtures with varying kaolinite contents. Moreover, the (a-b) values were proportional to the kaolinite content. We established a functional relationship between the (a-b) values of the mixture fault gauge and the mass fraction of kaolinite, providing valuable insights for future experiments and numerical simulations related to fault stability.
Effect of BAFF blockade on the B cell receptor repertoire and transcriptome in a mouse model of systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Huang Tao , Pi Chenyu , Xu Xiaoqing , Feng Yan , Zhang Jingming , Gu Hua , Fang Jianmin
Published: January 2024

Introduction

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a heterogeneous autoimmune disease. Anti-B-cell-activating factor (BAFF) therapy effectively depletes B cells and reduces SLE disease activity. This research aimed to evaluate the effect of BAFF blockade on B cell receptor (BCR) repertoire and gene expression.

Methods

Through next-generation sequencing, we analyzed gene expression and BCR repertoire in MRL/lpr mice that received long-term anti-BAFF therapy. Based on gene expression profiles, we predicted the relative proportion of immune cells using ImmuCellAI-mouse, validating our predictions via flow cytometry and FluoroSpot.

Results

The loss of BCR repertoire diversity and richness, along with increased clonality and differential frequency distribution of the immunoglobulin heavy chain variable (IGHV) segment gene usage, were observed in BAFF-blockade mice. Meanwhile, the distribution of complementarity-determining region 3 (CDR3) length and CDR3 amino acid usage remained unaffected. BAFF blockade resulted in extensive changes in gene expression, particularly that of genes related to B cells and immunoglobulins. Besides, the tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α responses and interferon (IFN)-α/γ were downregulated, consistent with the decrease in IFN-γ and TNF-α serum levels following anti-BAFF therapy. In addition, BAFF blockade significantly reduced B cell subpopulations and plasmacytoid dendritic cells, and caused the depletion of antibody-secreting cells.

Discussion

Our comparative BCR repertoire and transcriptome analyses of MRL/lpr mice subjected to BAFF blockade provide innovative insights into the molecular pathophysiology of SLE.
Prevention of contrast-associated acute kidney injury in an era of increasingly complex interventional procedures
Authors: Somkereki Cristina , Palfi Renata , Scridon Alina
Published: January 2024

Radiological and interventional cardiology procedures are in continuous expansion, leading to an important increase in the incidence of contrast-associated acute kidney injury (CA-AKI). Although numerous methods of CA-AKI prevention have been studied, at present, there is no consensus on the definition of this entity or on its prevention. In this paper, we aim to provide a critical analysis of the existing data on the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and clinical significance of CA-AKI. Existing and emergent approaches for CA-AKI prevention are also discussed, with a focus on parenteral fluid administration and on the most recent clinical and experimental data. We also emphasize a number of questions that remain to be answered, and we identify hotspots for future research.
Predicting delayed remission in Cushing’s disease using radiomics models: a multi-center study
Authors: Zhang Wentai , Zhang Dewei , Liu Shaocheng , Wang He , Liu Xiaohai , Dai Congxin , Fang Yi , Fan Yanghua , Wei Zhenqing , Feng Ming , Wang Renzhi
Published: January 2024

Purpose

No multi-center radiomics models have been built to predict delayed remission (DR) after transsphenoidal surgery (TSS) in Cushing’s disease (CD). The present study aims to build clinical and radiomics models based on data from three centers to predict DR after TSS in CD.

Methods

A total of 122 CD patients from Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Xuanwu Hospital, and Fuzhou General Hospital were enrolled between January 2000 and January 2019. The T1-weighted gadolinium-enhanced MRI images and clinical data were used as inputs to build clinical and radiomics models. The regions of interest (ROI) of MRI images were automatically defined by a deep learning algorithm developed by our team. The area under the curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves was used to evaluate the performance of the models. In total, 10 machine learning algorithms were used to construct models.

Results

The overall DR rate is 44.3% (54/122). According to multivariate Logistic regression analysis, patients with higher BMI and lower postoperative cortisol levels are more likely to achieve a higher rate of delayed remission. Among the 10 models, XGBoost achieved the best performance among all models in both clinical and radiomics models with AUC values of 0.767 and 0.819 respectively. The results from SHAP value and LIME algorithms revealed that postoperative cortisol level (PoC) and BMI were the most important features associated with DR.

Conclusion

Radiomics models can be built as an effective noninvasive method to predict DR and might be useful in assisting neurosurgeons in making therapeutic plans after TSS for CD patients. These results are preliminary and further validation in a larger patient sample is needed.
Factors influencing same-day discharge after minimally invasive hysterectomy for malignant and non-malignant gynecological diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Liu Jia , Chen Yali , Tan Xin , Chen Hengxi
Published: January 2024

Objective

To explore the factors influencing the successful implementation of same-day discharge in patients undergoing minimally invasive hysterectomy for malignant and non-malignant gynecological diseases.

Method

We searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, and Clinical Trials.gov from inception to May 23, 2023. We included case-control and cohort studies published in English reporting same-day discharge factors in patients undergoing minimally invasive hysterectomy for malignant and non-malignant gynecological diseases. STATA 16.0 was used for the meta-analysis. Risk factors were assessed using odds ratios (OR) (relative risk (RR)/hazard ratios (HR)) with 95% confidence intervals (CI), and logistic regression determined the same-day discharge rate (%).

Results

We analyzed 29 studies with 218192 patients scheduled for or meeting same-day discharge criteria. The pooled rates were 50% (95% CI 0.46-0.55), and were similar for malignant and non-malignant gynecological diseases (48% and 47%, respectively). In terms of basic characteristics, an increase in age (OR: 1.03; 95% CI: 1.01–1.05), BMI (OR: 1.02; 95% CI: 1.01–1.03), and comorbidities including diabetes and lung disease were risk factors affecting SDD, while previous abdominal surgery history (OR: 1.54; 95% CI: 0.93–2.55) and hypertension (OR: 1.53; 95% CI: 0.80–2.93) appeared not to affect SDD. In terms of surgical characteristics, radical hysterectomy (OR: 3.46; 95% CI: 1.90–6.29), surgery starting after 14:00 (OR: 4.07; 95% CI: 1.36–12.17), longer surgical time (OR: 1.03; 95% CI: 1.01–1.06), intraoperative complications (OR: 4.68; 95% CI: 1.78–12.27), postoperative complications (OR: 3.97; 95% CI: 1.68–9.39), and surgeon preference (OR: 4.47; 95% CI: 2.08–9.60) were identified as risk factors. However, robotic surgery (OR: 0.44; 95% CI: 0.14–1.42) and intraoperative blood loss (OR: 1.16; 95% CI: 0.98–1.38) did not affect same-day discharge.

Conclusions

An increase in age, body mass index, and distance to home; certain comorbidities (e.g., diabetes, lung disease), radical hysterectomy, surgery starting after 14:00, longer surgical time, operative complications, and surgeon preference were risk factors preventing same-day discharge. Same-day discharge rates were similar between malignant and non-malignant gynecological diseases. The surgery start time and body mass index have a greater impact on same-day discharge for malignant diseases than non-malignant diseases.
Fundus photograph-based cataract evaluation network using deep learning
Authors: Gao Weihao , Shao Lei , Li Fang , Dong Li , Zhang Chuan , Deng Zhuo , Qin Peiwu , Wei Wenbin , Ma Lan
Published: January 2024

Background: Our study aims to develop an artificial intelligence-based high-precision cataract classification and grading evaluation network using fundus images.

Methods: We utilized 1,340 color fundus photographs from 875 participants (aged 50–91 years at image capture) from the Beijing Eye Study 2011. Four experienced and trained ophthalmologists performed the classification of these cases based on slit-lamp and retro-illuminated images. Cataracts were classified into three types based on the location of the lens opacity: cortical cataract, nuclear cataract, and posterior subcapsular cataract. We developed a Dual-Stream Cataract Evaluation Network (DCEN) that uses color photographs of cataract fundus to achieve simultaneous cataract type classification and severity grading. The accuracy of severity grading was enhanced by incorporating the results of type classification.

Results: The DCEN method achieved an accuracy of 0.9762, a sensitivity of 0.9820, an F1 score of 0.9401, and a kappa coefficient of 0.8618 in the cataract classification task. By incorporating type features, the grading of cataract severity can be improved with an accuracy of 0.9703, a sensitivity of 0.9344, an F1 score of 0.9555, and a kappa coefficient of 0.9111. We utilized Grad-CAM visualization technology to analyze and summarize the fundus image features of different types of cataracts, and we verified our conclusions by examining the information entropy of the retinal vascular region.

Conclusion: The proposed DCEN provides a reliable ability to comprehensively evaluate the condition of cataracts from fundus images. Applying deep learning to clinical cataract assessment has the advantages of simplicity, speed, and efficiency.
Ergonomics and performance of using prismatic loupes in simulated surgical tasks among surgeons – a randomized controlled, cross-over trial
Authors: Fan Xuelong , Yang Liyun , Young Nathalie , Kaner Ilayda , Kjellman Magnus , Forsman Mikael
Published: January 2024

Introduction

Recently developed prismatic loupes may mitigate the high physical workload and risk of neck disorders associated with traditional surgical loupes among surgeons. However, research in this area, particularly among surgeons, is sparse. This study examines the impact of prismatic loupes on surgeons’ physical workload, musculoskeletal discomfort, and performance during simulated surgical tasks.

Materials and methods

Nineteen out of twenty recruited surgeons performed three tasks in a fixed-order with their own loupes and both low-tilt (LT) and high-tilt (HT) prismatic loupes, in a randomized order. The primary outcomes were the median inclination angles and velocities of the head, trunk, and upper arms, along with the median muscle activity of the cervical erector spinae (CES), upper trapezius (UT), and lumbar erector spinae (LES) for each pair of loupes. The secondary outcomes included performance (completion time and errors), perceived body-part discomfort, and subjective evaluation of the three pairs of loupes.

Results

Using prismatic loupes, either LT or HT, compared with the surgeons’ own loupes yielded lower head inclinations (all p < 0.001), lower neck muscle activity (all p < 0.05), and lower neck discomfort in indirect comparisons (p < 0.01) with no significant difference in surgical errors (p = 0.628). However, HT loupes resulted in a longer task completion time in two tasks (p < 0.001). Most surgeons preferred LT loupes (N = 12) for their comfort and visual functions.

Discussion

The results indicate that prismatic loupes can reduce physical workload in the neck during simulated surgical task, with no significant difference in surgical errors. Future studies are needed to investigate the long-term effects of prismatic loupes among surgeons.