bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Health-Related Quality of Life and fatigue are associated with a higher work productivity impairment in systemic lupus erythematosus patients: Data from the Almenara Lupus Cohort
Authors: Reategui-Sokolova Cristina , Gamboa-Cárdenas Rocío Violeta , Medina Mariela , Zevallos-Miranda Francisco , Zeña-Huancas Paola Alejandra , Elera-Fitzcarrald Claudia , Pimentel-Quiroz Victor , Alfaro-Lozano Jose , Pastor-Asurza Cesar , Perich-Campos Risto , Rodriguez-Bellido Zoila , Alarcon Graciela S , Ugarte-Gil Manuel F
Published: November 2021

Objectives: This study aims to determine the factors associated with absenteeism, presenteeism, and overall work impairment in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).

Methods: A total of 133 consecutive working patients with SLE were assessed between October 2017 and December 2018, using a standardized data collection form. Sociodemographic, disease, and work-related variables were collected. Work productivity and activity impairment (WPAI) was assessed with the respective questionnaire; absenteeism and presenteeism due to overall health and symptoms during the past 7 days were scored. Linear regression models were performed to determine the factors associated with absenteeism, presenteeism, and overall work impairment. Potential factors included were age at diagnosis, gender, socioeconomic status, educational level, SLEDAI, SLICC/ACR damage index (SDI), FACIT-Fatigue, and the domains of the LupusQoL

Results: The mean age at diagnosis was 32.2 years (11.8); 121 (91.7%) were female. Nearly all patients were Mestizo. The mean percent of time for absenteeism was 5.0 (12.9), it was 28.5 (26.4) for presenteeism, and it was 31.3 (27.2) for overall work impairment. In the multiple regression analysis, factors associated with absenteeism were disease duration (B = −0.34; SE = 0.12; p = 0.007), pain (B = −0.14; SE = 0.06; p = 0.046), intimate relationship (B = −0.07; SE = 0.03; p = 0.046), and emotional health (B = 0.16; SE = 0.06; p = 0.006); factors associated with presenteeism were physical health (B = −0.43; SE = 0.14; p = 0.002) and FACIT (B = −0.87; SE = 0.30; p = 0.005); and factors associated with overall work impairment were pain (B = −0.40; SE = 0.11; p = 0.001) and FACIT-Fatigue (B = −0.74; SE = 0.28; p = 0.010).

Conclusion: A poor HRQoL and higher levels of fatigue were associated with a higher percentage of absenteeism, presenteeism, and overall work impairment in SLE patients.
A functional proportional hazard cure rate model for interval-censored data
Authors: Shi Haolun , Ma Da , Faisal Beg Mirza , Cao Jiguo
Published: November 2021

Existing survival models involving functional covariates typically rely on the Cox proportional hazards structure and the assumption of right censorship. Motivated by the aim of predicting the time of conversion to Alzheimer’s disease from sparse biomarker trajectories in patients with mild cognitive impairment, we propose a functional mixture cure rate model with both functional and scalar covariates for interval censoring and sparsely sampled functional data. To estimate the nonparametric coefficient function that depicts the effect of the shape of the trajectories on the survival outcome and cure probability, we utilize the functional principal component analysis to extract the functional features from the sparsely and irregularly sampled trajectories. To obtain parameter estimates from the mixture cure rate model with interval censoring, we apply the expectation-maximization algorithm based on Poisson data augmentation. The estimation accuracy of our method is assessed via a simulation study and we apply our model on Alzheimer’s disease Neuroimaging Initiative data set.
Transition to Parenthood after Unexplained Infertility: Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis
Authors: Sirevičiūtė Aušra , Jarašiūnaitė-Fedosejeva Gabija
Published: November 2021

Prevalence rates of infertility show that one in every six couples worldwide have experienced fertility problems; however, there is still a relatively high chance of spontaneous conception for couples with unexplained infertility. Nevertheless, most existing research has focused on the infertility experience leading up to potential parenthood, rather than the actual parenting experience itself. Hence, this paper presents an in-depth exploration of the lived experiences and personal meaning of becoming parents of individuals affected by unexplained infertility. Semi-structured interviews were conducted, and transcripts were subjected to Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). Four themes emerged: perception of fragility of life, father's embodied emotional connection with child, becoming a parent—identity shift, and imprint of infertility on relationships with a partner. The findings emphasize clinicians’ and researchers’ awareness of the need to process couple's grief and highlight the importance of addressing romantic relationship issues, experienced during the infertility period to facilitate couples transitioning to parenthood.
Endothelial Activation and Immune Thrombocytopenia: An Engagement Waiting for Consolidation
Authors: Efat Alaa , Shoeib Sabry , Nazir Aida , Abdelmohsen Essam , Dawod Ashraf , Bedair Hanan M. , Elgheriany Walaa
Published: November 2021

Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) appears to be a heterogeneous disease. In some patients, autoimmunity may be associated with an inflammatory process, and in other patients, low platelets may interfere with other aspects of the coagulation system. Either may predispose to thrombosis or bleeding. Further investigation of the interactions of platelets, with inflammatory cytokines and endothelial biomarkers, may help us to better understand the disease, and to recognize those patients at risk of bleeding, or conversely thrombosis. The aim of this work is to estimate von Willebrand factor (vWF) and vascular cellular adhesion molecule (V-CAM) serum levels in adult immune thrombocytopenic patients (ITP) and to decipher their possible clinical correlates. Eighty adults (≥ 18 years) were enrolled in the study; naive newly diagnosed 40 patients with primary ITP (according to the ASH 2019) and 40 sex and age-matched healthy controls, all groups are subjected for complete blood count (CBC), liver, and renal function tests, ESR, CRP, V-CAM, and VWF-Ag by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). There was a highly statistically significant difference between case and control as regards to the mean level of VWF-Ag and V-CAM. vWF and V-CAM could serve as biomarkers for endothelial alterations and should be investigated as a predictor of thrombocytopenic bleeding and tailor patient management accordingly.
Circulating miR-27b as a Biomarker of the Development and Progression of Carotid Artery Stenosis
Authors: Lu Tingting , Li Xin , Long Chunxi , Ji Wenyuan , Jiang Linjun , Tian Jianquan
Published: November 2021

Objective

A close relationship of microRNAs (miRNAs) with various human diseases has been widely reported, including cardiovascular disease. The current study attempted to examine the abnormal expression of miR-27b in asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis (ACAS), its diagnostic value and predictive value for the development of ACAS were also assessed.

Methods

Clinical serum samples were collected from both ACAS patients and healthy individuals, and levels of miR-27b in the clinical samples were detected using Real-time quantitative PCR. Cerebral ischemia events (CIEs) of patients during the 5-year follow-up were collected. The diagnostic and predictive values of serum miR-27b was assessed via plotting Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and Kaplan-Meier curves. Multivariate cox regression analysis was performed for clinical independent index analysis.

Results

ACAS patients had higher levels of miR-27b than the healthy subjects. There were close association of serum miR-27b levels with total cholesterol (TC) level, absence of hypertension and degree of carotid stenosis. High levels of miR-27b could differentiate ACAS cases from healthy subjects, and predicted the high incidence of CIEs. MiR-27b could be used as an independent predictor of cerebrovascular events via multiple Cox regression analysis ( P = .031).

Conclusion

The high level of miR-27b can predict the occurrence of ACAS, and is closely related to the subsequent occurrence of CIEs. The present results provide evidence for circulating miR-27b as a diagnostic and prognostic marker in patients with ACAS.
Theorizing Mishritata: A Queer Desi/South Asian Making Meaning of Multiple Minoritization in a Transnational Context
Authors: Rodricks Dirk J.
Published: November 2021

Scaffolding poetry, drawing, and narrative fragments from lived experience, I offer mishritata (mixedness) as a way to make meaning of multiply minoritized identity through the “doing” of dissertation research with one’s communities. Conceptualized as an orientation, mishritata is an indigenized embodied borderlands positionality that recognizes and celebrates the mixedness of the Queer Desi/South Asian experiences: an interplay of histories and contexts, of people and places, and of structures and systems that organize them across borders, both real and imagined.
Harm Reduction Policing: An Evaluation of Law Enforcement Assisted Diversion (LEAD) in San Francisco
Authors: Perrone Dina , Malm Aili , Magaña Erica Jovanna
Published: November 2021

In 2017, San Francisco (SF) implemented Law Enforcement Assisted Diversion (LEAD), a program Beckett described as harm reduction policing. Through a process and outcome evaluation of LEAD SF, this paper demonstrates the positive impacts of harm reduction policing, on those who use drugs and/or engage in sex work. When law enforcement officers used their discretion to divert individuals into LEAD rather than arrest, those individuals had significantly fewer felony and misdemeanor arrests and felony cases, in comparison to a propensity score matched group. The focus group and interview data describe that the collaboration, the warm handoff, and LEAD’s harm reduction principles were mechanisms of success. However, obtaining officer buy-in was a key challenge. Despite that obstacle, LEAD SF’s harm reduction policing reduces offending, improves the wellbeing of people who use drugs and engage in sex work, and allows the police to carry out their mandate to protect and serve.
Survivorship and functional outcome of a cemented acetabular component with bulk roof autograft for severe acetabular dysplasia: 12- to 23-year follow-up
Authors: Clement Nick D , Immelman Reynard J , MacDonald Deborah , Breusch Steffen J , Howie Colin R
Published: November 2021

Aims:

Primary aim was to determine survival of a cemented acetabular component with bulk roof autograft with a minimum of 12 years follow-up. The secondary aim was to determine the clinical outcome.

Methods:

A cohort of 62 consecutive patients (74 hips) undergoing cemented total hip arthroplasty with acetabular bulk roof autograft for acetabular dysplasia were retrospectively identified. The group consisted of 57 female patients (67 hips) and 5 male patients (7 hips) with a mean age at operation of 45 years. No patient was lost to follow-up, however 9 patients died had during the study period. The Oxford Hip Score (OHS), Forgotten Joint Score (FJS), EuroQol 5-Dimensional Score (EQ-5D), Short Form (SF-12) physical score and patient satisfaction were used to assess clinical outcome for patients with a surviving prosthesis.

Results:

The median follow-up was 16.6 (13.4–19.1) years. 6 revisions were performed during the follow-up period, all of which were due to aseptic loosening of the acetabular component. The all-cause Kaplan Meier survival rate for the acetabular component was 99% at 10 years, 95% at 15 years and 83% at 20 years. Neither age, gender, femoral osteotomy or polyethylene (UHMW vs. cross-linked) were significant predictors of aseptic revision of the acetabular component. There were no case of graft resorption and all grafts were radiologically incorporated. 45 patients were available for functional assessment at a mean follow-up of 18.2 years. The mean OHS was 37.8, FJS was 55.7, EQ5D was 0.73, and SF-12 physical component was 43.2. No patient was dissatisfied, with 2 patients reporting a neutral satisfaction, 7 stating they were satisfied and the remaining 36 were very satisfied.

Conclusions:

A cemented acetabular component with bulk roof autograft for dysplasia offers excellent survival with good to excellent functional outcome with high patient satisfaction in the medium- to long-term.
Former inpatients’ narratives of substance use four years after substance use disorder treatment: A qualitative follow-up study
Authors: Hystad Jacob , Wangensteen Turid
Published: November 2021

Aim: The aim of this study was to explore the narratives of former substance use disorder (SUD) inpatients about substance use after their discharge from long-term SUD treatment in 2017. Method: We conducted semi-structured in-depth interviews with 11 former inpatients of SUD treatment. The data were analysed using a qualitative, thematic analysis model. Findings: During the analysis, two main themes emerged pertaining to participant reflections on substance use – their experience of non-problematic substance use (that is, substance use without declining into pre-treatment levels of misuse behaviours) and problematic substance use (that is, substance use associated with destructive patterns). All participants except one had engaged in substance use after their discharge three to four years ago. The commonly used substance was alcohol, which also appeared to be the most common substance for which there was consensus among the informants regarding non-problematic use. Conclusions: Most of the participants continued to use substances in some way, and some reported that such use did not affect them negatively. Healthcare providers and therapists in SUD treatment should avoid defining a relapse or failed treatment outcome in concrete terms. What is perceived as an actual relapse or a failed treatment outcome is highly subjective. Furthermore, complete sobriety might not necessarily be the best or the only way to measure the SUD treatment stay. An improvement in the quality of life and well-being, even when core symptoms are still present, may be considered a successful treatment outcome.
Understanding ‘fat shaming’ in a neoliberal era: Performativity, healthism and the UK’s ‘obesity epidemic’
Authors: Rose Spratt Tanisha Jemma
Published: November 2021

This article explores how ‘fat shaming’ as a practice that encourages open disdain for those living in larger bodies operates as a moralising tool to regulate and manage those who are viewed as ‘bad citizens’. It begins by outlining the problematic use of fat shaming language that is often used as a tool to promote ‘healthy’ lifestyle choices by those who view it as not only an acceptable way of communicating the health risks associated with obesity, but also a productive way of motivating people with overweight and obesity to lose weight. I then go on to discuss how shame as it relates to body image and excess weight is culturally produced through both objective conceptualisations of deviance and subjective judgements about the moral character of those who are living with excess weight. Adopting a feminist theoretical perspective, this article further considers the reciprocal nature of fat shaming by calling attention to how shame as a felt emotion is dependent on understandings of oneself in relation to others, as well as the relationships that one forms with others. In this way, I argue that shame in general, and fat shaming in particular, is performative to the extent that it exists as a relational construct that is iteratively produced through the language and actions that give it meaning.
A Psychosociocultural View of Hispanic First-Generation College Students’ Graduation Rates
Authors: Latino Christian A. , Radunzel Justine , Way Jason D. , Sanchez Edgar , Casillas Alex , Ali Saba Rasheed , Kivlighan D. Martin
Published: November 2021

First-generation college students (FGCS), nearly 50% of which identify as Hispanic, are an underserved population. The psychosociocultural theoretical framework posits that individual, environmental, and cultural factors contribute to the academic success of Hispanic students. This study examined the relationship between these factors (i.e., demographics, academic self-efficacy, meeting with professors, and attending cultural programming) to 6-year bachelor’s degree attainment and time to bachelor’s degree attainment among Hispanic students at a Hispanic Serving Institution ( n  =  358). Being better prepared academically, being female, and having greater academic self-efficacy were positively related to bachelor’s degree attainment; FGCS status was negatively related. Among students who graduated ( n  =  208), entering college being better prepared academically, and having greater academic self-efficacy were related to quicker bachelor’s degree attainment; FGCS status was not significantly related. Practitioners may pay more attention to Hispanic students’ academic self-efficacy and the success of Hispanic male students.
Australian Perspectives on Opt-In and Opt-Out Consent Systems for Deceased Organ Donation
Authors: Hyde Melissa K. , Masser Barbara M. , Edwards Abigail R. A. , Ferguson Eamonn
Published: November 2021

Introduction: As many countries change to opt-out systems to address organ shortages, calls for similar reform in Australia persist. Community perspectives on consent systems for donation remain under-researched, therefore Australian perspectives on consent systems and their effectiveness in increasing donation rates were explored. Design: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, participants completed a survey presenting opt-in, soft opt-out, and hard opt-out systems, with corresponding descriptions. Participants chose the system they perceived as most effective and described their reasoning. Results: Participants (N = 509) designated soft opt-out as the most effective system (52.3%; hard opt-out 33.7%; opt-in 13.7%). Those who identified with an ethnic/cultural group or were not registered had greater odds of choosing opt-out. Six themes identified in thematic analysis reflected their reasoning: (1) who decides (individual, shared decision with family); (2) right to choose; (3) acceptability (ethics, fairness); and utility in overcoming barriers for (4) individuals (apathy, awareness, ease of donating, fear/avoidance of death); (5) family (easier family experience, family veto); (6) society (normalizing donation, donation as default, expanding donor pool). Choice and overcoming individual barriers were more frequently endorsed themes for opt-in and opt-out, respectively. Discussion: Results suggested the following insights regarding system effectiveness: uphold/prioritize individual's recorded donation decision above family wishes; involve family in decision making if no donation preference is recorded; retain a register enabling opt-in and opt-out for unequivocal decisions and promoting individual control; and maximize ease of registering. Future research should establish whether systems considered effective are also acceptable to the community to address organ shortages.
Efficacy of Mobiderm® Bandage in Compression Therapy for Venous Ulcers: A Prospective Case Series
Authors: Nair Harikrishna K.R. , Lew Xian , Liew Kong Yen , Kamis Siti Aishah , Nik Kub Nik Muhamad Hakimi , Zakaria Ahmad Muhaimin , Mohd Sulong Muhd Arif Akmal
Published: November 2021

Background: Venous leg ulcers severely affect patients’ quality of life due to its high morbidity and recurrent nature. Currently, compression therapy is the first-line treatment for venous leg ulcers. Aim: This study sought to evaluate the efficacy of the Mobiderm® technology developed by Thuasne in a prospective case series of venous leg ulcers. Methods: Nine patients ( N  =  9) with venous leg ulcers were enrolled into this case series. Mobiderm® bandage was applied on to the affected limbs of the patients in the multi-component bandages system. The bandages were changed as frequent as the patients had their wound dressing for their standard treatment in a 12-week duration. Wound size and calf circumference were measured at week 0 and week 12. Paired sample t-test was used to compare the mean values of wound size and calf circumference pre- and post-treatment. Results: Reductions in wound size and calf circumference were observed in all nine patients (100%). Five patients were evaluable at week 12. The wound sizes significantly reduced by 27.2% to 53.2% ( p  =  0.02), and the calf circumferences significantly reduced by 3.2% to 26.0% ( p  =  0.02) after 12 weeks ( N  =  5). Safety was unremarkable, with no occurrence of treatment-emergent-related adverse event. Conclusion: Mobiderm® bandage was reported to be effective in promoting wound healing and reducing swelling, suggesting it to be integrated in the compression therapy for the management of venous leg ulcers.
COVID-19 and Adapting to the New Normal: Lessons Learned for Peacebuilding
Authors: Clark Serena , Alberti Claudio
Published: November 2021

The World Health Organization (WHO) declared the novel Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2; Covid-19) a pandemic on 11 March 2020. Unlike preceding highly contagious diseases that brought the threat of global instability this century, such as SARS-CoV, Zika virus (ZIKV), Swine flu (H1N1), and Avian flu (H5N1), Covid-19, governments across the world introduced strict measures and interruptions to daily life incomparable in living memory. Overnight, countries closed schools, higher education institutions, workplaces and shut down borders – this left people scrambling to adapt, including those implementing peacebuilding interventions. In this unprecedented situation, peacebuilding organisations have worked, responded, and adapted to the new normal. These new dynamics have created both challenges and opportunities for peacebuilding. This article documents the experiences of peacebuilders during the pandemic, making sense of changing conditions, challenges and opportunities they faced. It explores two key questions. How have peacebuilding organisations adapted during COVID-19? Has COVID-19 contributed to the move to local ownership of peacebuilding or localisation? It addresses these questions by engaging with peacebuilding organisations across different geographical regions through an online survey and key informant interviews. The main results focus on localisation, digital adaptation and funding strategy and administration challenges.
Detection and defense of cyberattacks on the machine learning control of robotic systems
Authors: Clark George W , Andel Todd R , McDonald J Todd , Johnsten Tom , Thomas Tom
Published: November 2021

Robotic systems are no longer simply built and designed to perform sequential repetitive tasks primarily in a static manufacturing environment. Systems such as autonomous vehicles make use of intricate machine learning algorithms to adapt their behavior to dynamic conditions in their operating environment. These machine learning algorithms provide an additional attack surface for an adversary to exploit in order to perform a cyberattack. Since an attack on robotic systems such as autonomous vehicles have the potential to cause great damage and harm to humans, it is essential that detection and defenses of these attacks be explored. This paper discusses the plausibility of direct and indirect cyberattacks on a machine learning model through the use of a virtual autonomous vehicle operating in a simulation environment using a machine learning model for control. Using this vehicle, this paper proposes various methods of detection of cyberattacks on its machine learning model and discusses possible defense mechanisms to prevent such attacks.
An Overview of King Hussein Cancer Center Institutional Review Board Over 12 Years (2009–2020), Successes and Challenges, Including Those Imposed by the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Kateb Linda , El-Jayousi Sawsan , Al-Hussaini Maysa
Published: November 2021

The problem: Running an efficient institutional review board (IRB) can be challenging. The research subjects: To ensure an efficient committee, our IRB adopted several operational metrics. Methods: Analysis of retrospective data from the IRB records, database, and annual reports over 12 years. Results: The IRB roster comprises 11 members. The average medical to nonmedical member ratio is 5:6, and the male to female ratio is 4:7, which has not been consistent over the years. One thousand three hundred and twenty-four proposals were reviewed including 1077 exempt (81.3%), 126 expedited (9.5%), and 121 full board (9.2%) with a median turnaround time to approval of 4.0, 35.0, and 68.0 days, respectively. Training of the IRB members was conducted to enhance their knowledge and skills. IRB at King Hussein Cancer Center has managed to stay abreast and efficient during the COVID-19 pandemic, by working remotely. Conclusion: Running an efficient IRB mandates implementing a number of operational metrics.
The Treatment for a Patient with Cancer of Unknown Primary: A Case Report
Authors: Ni QingTao , Lu KaiJin , Pan Chi , Dai ShengBin , Wang Peng
Published: November 2021

Background

Cancer of unknown primary (CUP) is metastatic at diagnosis with an unknown primary site, indicating a high degree of malignancy with a poor prognosis. The development and application of targeted therapy and immunotherapy are current research hotspots, which provide additional treatment options for CUP.

Case Presentation

A 36-year-old male presented with pain on the right hip in April 2018. After various examinations, he was diagnosed with CUP. This patient received chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and local radiotherapy in our department. However, the use of radiotherapy after immunotherapy resulted in severe pneumonia.

Conclusion

Compared with traditional treatments, immunotherapy is an effective treatment with fewer side effects and better patient tolerance. However, treating physicians should be still pay special attention to the occurrence of side effects when radiotherapy is combined with immunotherapy.
Study of geometrical defects of free-form surface machined using neural network
Authors: Bloul Benattia , Chanal Hélène , Aour Benaoumeur , Chtioui Nargess
Published: November 2021

The manufacture of total hip arthroplasty (THA) requires the control of the quality of free form surfaces. In fact, the polyethylene insert is deformed to fit the overall geometry of the femoral part, which has an impact on the quality of the contact. In this paper, we propose a method for evaluating the defects of complex forms. The originality of the approach is the use of artificial intelligence to position the cloud of measured points, obtained with a three-dimensional measuring machine equipped with a contactless sensor, with regard to the 3D CAD model of the THA. The artificial intelligence algorithm used is based on neural networks that are trained using a virtual positioning realized with 3D CAD software. Finally, the difference between the positioned point cloud and the CAD model allows us to evaluate the shape defect of the measured THA surface. We found that the error of the proposed method is at the vicinity of micron scale.
Mean curvature effect on the response and failure of round-hole tubes submitted to cyclic bending
Authors: Lee Kuo-Long , Tsai Yu-Chun , Pan Wen-Fung
Published: November 2021

This paper presents an experiment and analysis to investigate the response and failure of 6061-T6 aluminum alloy round-hole tubes with different hole diameters of 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 mm subjected to cyclic bending at different curvature ratios of −1.0, −0.5, 0.0, and +0.5. The curvature ratio is defined as the minimum curvature divides by the maximum curvature. Four different curvature ratios are employed to highlight the mean curvature effect. It can be seen from the experimental results that the moment-curvature relationships gradually relax and become steady states after a few bending cycles for curvature ratios of −0.5, 0.0, and +0.5. The ovalization-curvature relationship depicts an asymmetrical, ratchetting and increasing as the number of bending cycles increases for all curvature ratios. In addition, for each hole diameter, the relationships between the curvature range and the number of bending cycles necessary to initiate failure on double logarithmic coordinates display four almost-parallel straight lines for four different curvature ratios. Finally, this paper introduces an empirical formula to simulate the above relationships. By comparing with experimental results, the analysis can reasonably describe the experimental results.
Contemporizing the National Style in Chinese Animation: The Case of Nezha (2019)
Authors: Whyke Thomas William , Mugica Joaquin Lopez , Brown Melissa Shani
Published: November 2021

In this article, the authors explore the popular animation Nezha (2019), examining the idea that it typifies the ‘national style’. Expanding the work of other scholars who have demonstrated the changeability of the ‘national style’, here they examine this notion in regard to the way in which Nezha (2019) represents ‘Chineseness’ at this particular socio-political moment. Methodologically, they focus their analysis largely upon the film’s narrative and aesthetics, drawing on a number of reviews as counterpoints for the way in which it was interpreted to situate it in popular discourses. The authors argue that Nezha (2019) presents a national image in which traditions and modernity are interwoven, and the focus upon the ‘technological’ – its digitality – constitutes a refiguring of animation in China as symbolic of modernity. Narratively and aesthetically mediating between the past and the present, Nezha (2019) embodies a ‘national style’ which is on one hand hybrid in its inter/nationality, but also culturally delimited in terms of which cultural heritages are held up as emblematic of the nation.
Protocol for the MAnagement of Systolic blood pressure during Thrombectomy by Endovascular Route for acute ischemic STROKE randomized clinical trial: The MASTERSTROKE trial
Authors: Campbell Doug , Deng Carolyn , McBryde Fiona , Billing Robyn , Diprose William K , Short Timothy G , Frampton Christopher , Brew Stefan , Barber P Alan ,   on behalf of the MASTERSTROKE Study Group
Published: November 2021

Registration

Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry: ACTRN12619001274167p

Rationale

Cerebral blood flow is blood pressure-dependent when cerebral autoregulation is impaired. Cerebral ischemia and anesthetic drugs impair cerebral autoregulation. In ischemic stroke patients treated with endovascular thrombectomy, induced hypertension is a plausible intervention to increase blood flow in the ischemic penumbra until reperfusion is achieved. This could potentially reduce final infarct size and improve functional recovery.

Aim

To test if patients with large vessel occlusion stroke treated with endovascular thrombectomy will benefit from induced hypertension.

Design

Prospective, randomized, parallel group, open label, multicenter clinical trial with blinded assessment of outcomes.

Procedures

Patients with anterior circulation stroke treated with endovascular thrombectomy with general anesthesia within 6 h of symptom onset, and patients with ‘wake up’ stroke or presenting within 6 to 24 h with potentially salvageable tissue on computed tomography perfusion scanning, are included. Participants are randomized to a systolic blood pressure target of 140 mmHg or 170 mmHg from procedure initiation until recanalization. Methods to maintain the blood pressure are at the discretion of the procedural anesthesiologist.

Study outcomes

The primary efficacy outcome is improvement in disability measured by modified Rankin Scale score at 90 days. The primary safety outcome is all-cause mortality at 90 days.

Analysis

The Mann-Whitney U test will be used to test the ordinal shift in the seven-category modified Rankin Scale score. All-cause mortality will be estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method and compared using a log-rank test.
Effect of long-haul transmeridian travel on recovery and performance in international level swimmers
Authors: Rossiter Antonia , Comyns Thomas M. , Powell Cormac , Nevill Alan M. , Warrington Giles D.
Published: November 2021

This study holistically examined the effects of long-haul transmeridian travel (LHTT) on physiological, perceptual, sleep and performance markers in nine international level swimmers preparing for the 2019 FINA World Long Course Championships in Gwangju, South Korea. Baseline (BL) measurements were taken over two days during the week before a long-haul eastward flight across eight time-zones. Following the flight, measurements were taken over a six-day holding camp in Japan (C1-C6), and over four days at the competition venue in Gwangju before the Championships commenced (PR1-PR4). Salivary cortisol (sCort), immunoglobulin A (sIgA), alpha-amylase (sAA) concentrations and perceptual measures via the Liverpool John Moore's University Jetlag Questionnaire were assessed. Sleep was monitored using wrist activity monitors and self-report sleep diaries. Performance was assessed via squat jump (SJ), countermovement jump (CMJ) and a 4 × 100 m swim test. Participants perceived themselves to be significantly more fatigued and jet lagged than BL for five- and nine-days post-travel, respectively. Morning sCort decreased by 70% on C1 and remained significantly lower than BL until C6 ( p < 0.05). Sleep ratings improved significantly in comparison to BL from C5 onwards ( p < 0.05). Compared with BL, there was no significant change in swim performance or SJ height following travel; however, there was a 3.8 cm improvement ( p < 0.001) in CMJ height on C5. It took ten days for elite swimmers to perceive themselves recovered from jet lag following LHTT in an eastward direction across eight time-zones. LHTT did not negatively affect sleep or physical performance in the swimmers in comparison to BL.
Moral Judgements of Junior Sports Sponsorships: An Emerging Mediator of Sponsor Goodwill
Authors: Vance Lenny , Raciti Maria M. , Lawley Meredith
Published: November 2021

The sponsorship of junior sport is a contentious issue with community concerns raised about the appropriateness of some marketing targetted at children. Parents and coaches are guardians of junior sports players and often faced with a moral dilemma. On the one hand they know sponsors, who are trying to generate goodwill through providing financial or in-kind support, are crucial to the affordability of junior sports when competition for securing sponsorships is intense. On the other hand, they hold concerns that some sponsors may exploit their access to these young, vulnerable players. Guardians are caught at a crossroads with equally undesirable alternatives—financially unviable junior sports without sponsors or junior sports with potentially exploitative sponsors. Our study fills a gap in the literature where the tensions of commercial sponsorship agendas and moral concerns in sponsorship has not been well explored with our study being the first to apply the construct of moral judgements in a sponsorship model. Mixed methodology is used to examine the role that moral judgements play in determining sponsor goodwill. A qualitative study ( n = 18) informed an online survey ( n = 306) of Australian junior sports guardians. Structural equation modelling revealed that guardians’ moral judgements mediated the relationships between sponsor fit, perceived sponsor altruism and the outcome variable, sponsorship goodwill. The findings of this study extend scholarly understanding of consumers’ appraisal of sponsorships and provide useful insights to guide practitioners in sponsorship decision making, particularly in contexts that stimulate community interest or concerns.
Journalists’ Misjudgement of Audience Opinion
Authors: Hopmann David Nicolas , Schuck Andreas R.T.
Published: November 2021

Prior studies have reported a right-leaning bias in the media’s reporting of how the public thinks of political issues, raising the question: Why, and to what extent, is this the case? One reason in particular has been discussed in this regard: Journalists judge public opinion to be more right leaning than it actually is (Beckers et al. 2021; Lewis et al. 2004). This paper therefore studies to what extent journalists misjudge audience opinion. The analyses are based on large-scale representative surveys of journalists (1993/2005) and the voting-age population (1994/2005) in Germany. Results show that German journalists (mis-)judge audience opinion to be more right-leaning than the audience sees itself. The results also show that journalists judge audience opinion to be to the right of their own stances, and that journalists in federal states with a right-leaning government and in West Germany judge audience opinion to be even further to the right. Audience feedback does not push journalists’ judgements of their audience towards the right, however. These results are discussed vis-à-vis research showing that there is a consistent bias in the depiction of opinions expressed by ordinary citizens, and research documenting that political elites overestimate public support for right-wing policies.
Lidocaine infusions in chronic pain management: A prospective case series analysis
Authors: Vacher Elizabeth , Kosela Monika , Song-Smith Charlie , Morell-Ducos Fausto , Fayaz Alan
Published: November 2021

Chronic pain conditions are prevalent and cause a significant burden of disease. Intravenous lidocaine infusions have been reported to have an analgesic effect in patients with chronic neuropathic pain, but there is limited data supporting the efficacy of lidocaine across other chronic pain phenotypes. Our study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a single infusion of intravenous lidocaine for pain relief and the impact on quality of life. We evaluated data from 74 patients with chronic pain who were treated with intravenous lidocaine at a specialist pain centre. Participants completed a questionnaire consisting of the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) Short Form and additional EQ-5D quality of life metrics, before treatment and at follow-up.

Data comparing pain severity did not demonstrate a statistically significant change after treatment when averaged across the entire patient cohort (6.15–5.88, p = .106), irrespective of gender or pain phenotype. Scores for pain interference showed statistically significant reductions following treatment (7.05–6.41, p = .023), which may have been driven through improvements in sleep (7.41–6.35, p = .001); however, these reductions are not clinically significant.

The patient cohort was stratified into responders and non-responders based on >30% improvement in response to an overall impression of pain reduction question following treatment. In the ‘responder’ cohort, pain intensity scores showed a statistically significant reduction post-infusion (6.18–5.49, p = .0135), but no change was apparent for non-responders (6.07–6.09, p = .920). There were no differences between responders and non-responders for pain sub-types in our study.

This study found no difference in pain outcomes in a cohort of patients with chronic pain, a mean of 63 days following a single lidocaine infusion. However, a specific subgroup of responders may show slight improvements in some pain outcomes that may warrant further exploration.
“I am not the person I used to be”: Perceptions and experiences of menopausal women living in Karachi, Pakistan
Authors: Asad Nargis , Somani Rozina , Peerwani Nausheen , Pirani Shahina , Zuberi Nadeem , Andrades Marie , Karmaliani Rozina
Published: November 2021

Objective

The study aims to explore the perceptions and experiences of menopausal women living in Karachi, Pakistan.

Study design

Using qualitative exploratory design, in-depth interviews were conducted with eleven women, aged 35–55 years. The data was collected through face-to-face interviews using semi structured interview guide. Creswell frame work for content analysis was used to analyze the data.

Main outcome measures

Perceptions and experiences of menopause women living in Karachi, Pakistan.

Results

Women described positive and negative experiences of menopause, though predominantly negative intensified by mental distress, lack of support from intimate partner, and misperceptions about menopause. A majority of the women emphasized the need for educating their husbands regarding menopausal changes. In clinical practices, health care professionals should screen the women for menopause challenges when they visit health care facilities and offer education regarding self-care and management to achieve better quality of life and positive coping.

Conclusions

We conducted a preliminary study on women’s perceptions and experiences of menopause in the context of Pakistan. Our study offers significant findings from an Asian cultural perspective, in which norms are predominantly patriarchal and male dominated. The study provides useful guidelines for health care providers to better address health care needs of menopausal women.
Validation of the College Planning Behaviors Scale
Authors: Cook Katherine D. , Hardin Erin E. , Gibbons Melinda M. , Johnson Marlon C. , Peterson Christina , Taylor Anna Lora , Murphy Sean
Published: November 2021

College preparation is an important topic in the educational attainment of high school students. Much of the research on college planning focuses on the importance and timing of preparing for postsecondary education; however, little research has explored the steps students actually take while preparing for college. The current study utilized the Social Cognitive Career Theory (SCCT) framework to create a validated measure to assess choice behavior. The purpose of the current study was to create a validated measure for choice actions that could be used with diverse student groups. The measure was found to demonstrate good reliability and validity in this population, providing strong internal consistency and construct validity. Further, these findings support college-planning behaviors’ linkage to barriers, college-going self-efficacy, and college outcome expectations (COE).
Collaborating With Families to Address Cyberbullying: Exploring School Counselors’ Lived Experiences
Authors: Su Yi-Wen , Doty Jennifer , Polley Bella R. , Cakmakci Huzeyfe , Swank Jacqueline , Sickels Allison
Published: November 2021

Limited research has focused on exploring the collaboration between home and school to address cyberbullying. In this qualitative study, we interviewed 17 school counselors to explore their experiences working with parents and caregivers in addressing cyberbullying. We identified four themes: (a) connections with parents and families, (b) digital citizenship, (c) blurred boundaries, and (d) family/counselor support. We discuss the themes and offer implications for school counselors to address cyberbullying in schools, including highlighting strategies for bridging the gap between families and schools through policies and communication about cyberbullying.
Association of Preoperative Opioid Use With Complication Rates and Resource Use in Patients Undergoing Hip Arthroscopy for Femoroacetabular Impingement
Authors: Nazzal Ehab M. , Wilson Jacob M. , Farley Kevin X. , Schwartz Andrew M. , Xerogeanes John W.
Published: November 2021

Background:

Preoperative opioid use has been shown to be a negative predictor of patient outcomes, complication rates, and resource utilization in a variety of different orthopaedic procedures. To date, there are no studies investigating its effect on outcomes after hip arthroscopy in the setting of femoroacetabular impingement (FAI).

Purpose:

To determine the association of preoperative opioid use with postoperative outcomes after hip arthroscopy in patients with FAI.

Study Design:

Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3.

Methods:

The Truven Health MarketScan Commercial Claims and Encounters Database was queried for all patients who underwent hip arthroscopy for FAI between 2011 and 2018. Opioid prescriptions filled in the 6 months preceding surgery were queried, and the average daily oral morphine equivalents (OMEs) in this period were computed for each patient. Patients were divided into 4 cohorts: opioid naïve, <1 OME per day, 1 to 5 OMEs per day, and >5 OMEs per day. Postoperative 90-day complications, health care utilization, perioperative costs, postoperative opioid use, and 1- and 3-year revision rates were then compared among cohorts.

Results:

A total of 22,124 patients were ultimately included in this study; 31.2% of these patients were prescribed opioids preoperatively. Overall, the percentage of preoperative opioid-naïve patients increased from 64.5% in 2011 to 78.9% in 2018. Patients who received preoperative opioids had a higher rate of complications, increased resource utilization, and increased revision rates. Specifically, on multivariate analysis, patients taking >5 OMEs per day (compared with patients who were preoperatively opioid naïve) had increased odds of a postoperative emergency department visit (Odds Ratio, 2.23; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.94-2.56; P < .001), 90-day readmission (OR, 2.25; 95% CI, 1.77-2.87; P < .001), increased acute postoperative opioid use (OR, 25.56; 95% CI, 22.98-28.43; P < .001), prolonged opioid use (OR, 10.45; 95% CI, 8.92-12.25; P < .001), and 3-year revision surgery (OR, 2.14; 95% CI, 1.36-3.36; P < .001). Perioperative adjusted costs were increased for all preoperative opioid users and were highest for the >5 OMEs per day cohort ($6255; 95% CI, $5143-$7368).

Conclusion:

A large number of patients with FAI are prescribed opioids before undergoing hip arthroscopy, and use of these pain medications is associated with increased health care utilization, increased costs, prolonged opioid use, and early revision surgery.
Derotational Femoral Osteotomy for Treating Recurrent Patellar Dislocation in the Presence of Increased Femoral Anteversion: A Systematic Review
Authors: Zhang ZhiJun , Cao Yanwei , Song Guanyang , Li Yue , Zheng Tong , Zhang Hui
Published: November 2021

Background:

Studies on the clinical outcomes of derotational femoral osteotomy to treat recurrent patellar dislocation in the presence of increased femoral anteversion are limited.

Purpose:

To investigate the role of derotational femoral osteotomy in the treatment of recurrent patellar dislocation in the presence of increased femoral anteversion.

Study Design:

Systematic review; Level of evidence, 4.

Methods:

A systematic review was performed according to the PRISMA guidelines (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses) by searching the Medline, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases through February 10, 2021. Included were studies of skeletally mature patients presenting with recurrent patellar dislocation and exhibiting increased femoral anteversion who subsequently underwent derotational femoral osteotomy. Methodological quality was assessed using the MINORS (Methodological Index for Nonrandomized Studies) score. The basic characteristics of each study were recorded and analyzed: characteristic information, radiological parameters, surgical techniques, patient-reported outcomes, and complications.

Results:

A total of 6 studies with 163 patients (170 knees) were included. Sample sizes ranged from 7 to 66 patients, and the patients were predominantly women (range, 79%-100%). The mean age and follow-up ranges were 18 to 28 years and 16 to 44 months, respectively. The mean femoral anteversion decreased significantly from 34° preoperatively to 12° postoperatively. In studies reporting pre- and postoperative outcomes, significant improvements were found in the Lysholm score (from 24.8 to 44.1), Kujala score (from 15.8 to 41.9), International Knee Documentation Committee score (from 11.0 to 28.0), and visual analog scale for pain (from 2.0 to 3.7). All studies reported postoperative complications, giving an overall reported complication rate of 4.7%, but no redislocations occurred during the follow-up period.

Conclusion:

For recurrent patellar dislocation in the presence of increased femoral anteversion, combination treatment with derotational femoral osteotomy led to favorable clinical outcomes with a low redislocation rate. However, there was no consensus among researchers on the indications for derotational femoral osteotomy in the treatment of recurrent patellar dislocation.