bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Teaching Counselors to Use the DSM‐III‐R With Ethnic Minority Clients: A Paradigm
Authors: VELÁSQUEZ ROBERTO J. , JOHNSON RONN , BROWN‐CHEATHAM MICHAELANTHONY
Published: December 2011

This article presents a paradigm for teaching counselors to use the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (3rd edition, revised; DSM‐III‐R American Psychiatric Association, 1987) with ethnic minority clients. Limitations of the DSM‐III‐R, as they relate to minorities, are also discussed.
ACES: Promoting Professionalism, Collaboration, and Advocacy
Authors: GRIFFIN BARBARA
Published: December 2011

Reproduced here is a version of the presidential address delivered at the Association for Counselor Education and Supervision (ACES) luncheon, during the American Counseling Association national convention in Atlanta on March 16, 1993. (Appendix A is a reference list the was available at the luncheon for those who found the content of the message interesting and wanted to pursue it further.)
Practicing Counselors' Preferences for Supervisory Style and Supervisory Emphasis
Authors: USHER CLAIRE HAMILTON , BORDERS L. DIANNE
Published: December 2011

A sample of National Certified Counselors preferred a collegial, relationship‐oriented supervisor and a supervision emphasis on conceptual, personalization, and process skills. Only postdegree supervision experience was related to these preferences.
Strategies for Implementing Marriage and Family Counselor Training in Counselor Education Programs
Authors: HORNE ARTHUR M. , DAGLEY JOHN C. , WEBSTER CYNTHIA B.
Published: December 2011

Three models for implementing marriage and family counseling training are presented: community counseling, interdisciplinary, and Council for Accreditation of Counseling and Related Educational Programs (CACREP). Related conceptual and pragmatic issues are identified and discussed.
Ethnicity and Training Marital and Family Therapists
Authors: ARNOLD MARY SMITH
Published: December 2011

The author reviews ethnicity in the family therapy training literature. She describes an original exercise that teaches counselors in training the significance of ethnicity to family functioning.
Comparing Family Functioning of Counselors in Training With the Family Functioning of Noncounselors
Authors: BUELOW GEORGE , BASS CHARLES , ACKERMAN CHRIS
Published: December 2011

The authors compared level of family‐of‐origin dysfunction of counseling and non‐counseling master's‐degree students. Counseling students' families had significantly higher levels of dysfunction, but counselors did not score lower in level of graduate adjustment.
Review of Ivey, Ivey, and Simek‐Morgan's Counseling and Psychotherapy: A Multicultural Perspective
Authors: BOWMAN ROBERT L.
Published: December 2011

Counseling and Psychotherapy: A Multicultural Perspective (3rd ed.). Allen E. Ivey, Mary Bradford Ivey, & Lynn Simek‐Morgan, with contributions by Harold E. Cheatham & Sandra A. Rigazio‐DeGilio. Boston, MA: Allyn & Bacon, (1993), 374 pages ($50.00).
On‐Campus Clinical Training in Counselor Education
Authors: MYERS JANE E. , SMITH ALFRED W.
Published: December 2011

Experiential training in on‐campus clinics is an important component of professional preparation for both counselors and psychologists. Similarities between counseling and psychology training clinics are explored and implications for counselor education discussed.
The Incidence of Racial Issues in White Counseling Dyads: An Exploratory Survey
Authors: OCHS NANCY G.
Published: December 2011

In a survey of White counselors, 45% reported White clients raising racial issues relevant to counseling, with 26% reporting White clients with racial concerns as a main counseling issue.
Mandatory Teaching Experience for School Counselors: An Impediment to Uniform Certification Standards for School Counselors
Authors: BAKER STANLEY B.
Published: December 2011

A review of the research on the effects of teaching experience on success as a school counselor led to a conclusion that it is an unfair and unwise certification criterion.
Defeating Ourselves: Common Errors in Counseling Research
Authors: FONG MARGARET L. , MALONE CHRISTINE M.
Published: December 2011

This article presents a tabulation of research designs and errors in manuscripts submitted to Counselor Education and Supervision. Over 80% of the submitted studies were descriptive designs and nearly half had errors that invalidated results.
Multicultural Counselor Training: Students' Perceptions of Helpful and Hindering Events
Authors: HEPPNER MARY J. , O'BRIEN KAREN M.
Published: December 2011

Counselor trainees perceptions during a multicultural counseling course highlighted the importance of experiential activities and ethnically diverse speakers to the development of awareness and knowledge.
Reducing Anxiety in Live Supervision
Authors: COSTA LUANN
Published: December 2011

Live supervision may cause increased anxiety for the counselor trainee that may interfere with the learning process. This article identifies sources of anxiety and offers guidelines for minimizing anxiety in supervisees.
Teaching Suicide Risk Assessment to Counselor Education Students
Authors: JUHNKE GERALD A.
Published: December 2011

A training strategy designed to teach counseling students basic suicide risk assessment is described.
Using Oral History Readings in Teaching the History of Counseling
Authors: HEPPNER P. PAUL , BERRY THOMAS R. , RITTER TIMOTHY J. , PUSATERI MARION R. , CLAY DANIEL L. , BROCK KATHLEEN J. , KIVLIGHAN DENNIS M.
Published: December 2011

This article describes an assignment using oral history readings to teach the history of counseling and counseling psychology. Student feedback and outcomes are discussed, as well as future research directions.
Counselor Interpersonal Power Base Preference: An Examination of Counselor and Client Variables
Authors: GUINEE JAMES P. , TRACEY TERENCE J.
Published: December 2011

Forty counseling students were assessed on their power base (i.e., expert, referent, and legitimate) preferences, which were found to vary as a function of client problem, but not experience level.
Cross‐Cultural Counseling Supervision: What do we Know? What do we Need to Know?
Authors: LEONG FREDERICK T. L. , WAGNER NICOLE S.
Published: December 2011

This article provides a critical review of the theoretical and empirical literature on cross‐cultural counseling supervision. In addition to summarizing and critiquing this literature, recommendations for future research or “what do we need to know” are presented.
Sexual Orientation Bias Among Advanced Graduate Students of Counseling and Counseling Psychology
Authors: LIDDLE BECKY J.
Published: December 2011

A videotape of a female client's stated sexual orientation was varied. Ratings indicated that female counseling students respected the lesbian client more than the heterosexual client.
Gender‐Aware Supervision in Marriage and Family Counseling and Therapy: How Far Have We Actually Come?
Authors: RIGAZIO‐DIGILIO SANDRA A. , ANDERSON STEPHEN A. , KUNKLER KARA P.
Published: December 2011

A systemic cognitive‐developmental framework is used to critique how the field of marriage and family counseling and therapy supervision currently integrates issues of gender.
The Transition From Novice to Expert Counselor
Authors: ETRINGER BRUCE D. , HILLERBRAND ERIC , CLAIBORN CHARLES D.
Published: December 2011

The role of cognition in the preparation of counselors is highlighted by exploring research in the development of expertise.
The Diagnostic Window: Culture‐ and Gender‐Sensitive Diagnosis and Training
Authors: SINACORE‐GUINN ADA L.
Published: December 2011

This article presents a gender and culturally sensitive clinical interview and diagnostic model for use with all clients and a method for training students in its use.
Influence Processes in Supervision
Authors: CLAIBORN CHARLES D. , ETRINGER BRUCE D. , HILLERBRAND ERIC T.
Published: December 2011

Supervision is conceptualized in terms of social influence processes that result in attitude and behavior change in the trainee. This article emphasizes attitude change, which both accompanies and mediates behavior change. The implications of the social influence perspective for understanding supervision and for conducting research on supervision are explored.
A Format for Case Conceptualization
Authors: STEVENS MICHAEL J. , MORRIS STEVEN J.
Published: December 2011

The authors developed a format for case conceptualization to foster the systematic collection and integration of clinical data. The format is intended to complement training in counseling techniques.
Lessons From History
Authors: BRADLEY LORETTA J.
Published: December 2011

Reproduced here is a version of the presidential address delivered at the Association for Counselor Education and Supervision (ACES) luncheon, held during the American Counseling Association National Conference in Denver on April 29, 1995.
A Practical Guide to Informed Consent in Clinical Supervision
Authors: MCCARTHY PATRICIA , SUGDEN SHARON , KOKER MICHELLE , LAMENDOLA FRANK , MAURER STEVE , RENNINGER SALINA
Published: December 2011

Informed consent in clinical supervision should be explicitly addressed. Areas to be covered in a written statement and suggestions for discussing informed consent in an initial supervision session are given.
Mentoring Women Doctoral Students: What Counselor Educators and Supervisors Can Do
Authors: BRUCE MARY ALICE
Published: December 2011

Based on the experiences of two women completing their university doctoral programs, these case studies offer information about the components of mentoring relationships that facilitate women's performance in higher education.
The Use of Collaborative Project‐Based Learning in Counselor Education
Authors: PETERSON SARAH E. , MYER RICK A.
Published: December 2011

This article presents a rationale for the use of collaborative project‐based learning in counselor education, a description of its use in a community agency course, and recommendations.
Professional Development Sites: A Description of a New Practice in Counselor Education
Authors: OSBORNE JUDITH L. , GRAY LIZBETH A.
Published: December 2011

This article describes the evolution of a professional development site partnership between a counselor education faculty and residential treatment staff. It includes an evaluation of the partnership and recommendations.
Providing Training About Sexual Orientation in Counselor Education
Authors: WHITMAN JOY S.
Published: December 2011

The status of training about sexual orientation in counselor education and the importance of including gender‐related issues is discussed. A course designed to prepare counselors‐in‐training is presented.
The Relationship Between the Supervisory Working Alliance and Trainees' Experience of Role Conflict and Role Ambiguity
Authors: LADANY NICHOLAS , FRIEDLANDER MYRNA L.
Published: December 2011

In a study based on a sample of 123 counselor trainees in the United States, results indicated that a stronger supervisory working alliance was predictive of less trainee role conflict and ambiguity in supervision.
Follow‐Up Surveys for Counselor Preparation Program Graduates and Their Employers
Authors: SAYERS RICHARD D. , CARROLL JANE J. , LOESCH LARRY C.
Published: December 2011

Ratings were obtained for item‐inclusion importance for counselor preparation program follow‐up surveys for program graduates and their employers. Survey elements are suggested.
Impact of a Counseling Supervision Course on Doctoral Students' Cognitions
Authors: BORDERS L. DIANNE , RAINEY LESLIE M. , CRUTCHFIELD LORI B. , MARTIN DEBRA W.
Published: December 2011

Pre‐ and postassessment measures indicated significant improvements in students' self‐appraisals of their ability to supervise, and in the quality and the clarity of their conceptualizations about a videotaped supervision session.
A Study of Multicultural Counseling Training at CACREP‐Accredited Counselor Education Programs
Authors: DINSMORE JULIE A. , ENGLAND JOAN T.
Published: December 2011

This article presents an exploratory study to determine the status of multicultural counseling training in counseling programs accredited by the Council for the Accreditation of Counseling and Related Educational Programs (CACREP).
Portfolio Assessment: A Model for Counselor Education
Authors: BALTIMORE MICHAEL L. , HICKSON JOYCE , GEORGE JOSEPH D. , CRUTCHFIELD LORI B.
Published: December 2011

Portfolio assessment can be used to measure counselor‐in‐training growth over time. The benefits to counselor education programs, including the ability to evaluate counselor progress, are discussed.
The Use of Portfolios in the Clinical and Comprehensive Evaluation of Counselors‐in‐Training
Authors: CARNEY JAMIE S. , COBIA DEBRA C. , SHANNON DAVID M.
Published: December 2011

This article discusses the use of portfolios in the clinical and comprehensive evaluation of counselors‐in‐training. Issues related to the development, implementation, and evaluation of portfolios are presented.
The Portfolio Emperor Has No Clothes: He Should Stay Naked
Authors: ALSCHULER ALFRED S.
Published: December 2011

Carney, Cobia, and Shannon (1996), and Baltimore, Hickson, George, and Crutchfield (1996) advocate the use of portfolio assessments in counselor education, but there is insufficient evidence that these are ethical means of assessment.
A Response to the Emperor's New Clothes
Authors: BALTIMORE MICHAEL L. , HICKSON JOYCE , GEORGE JOSEPH D. , CRUTCHFIELD LORI B.
Published: December 2011

In reply to Alschuler's commentary on their original article, the authors argue that portfolios are reliable, valid means for assessing students' progress and for program evaluation.
The Use of Portfolios in Evaluation—Revisited
Authors: CARNEY JAMIE S. , COBIA DEBRA C. , SHANNON DAVID M.
Published: December 2011

In reply to Alschuler's commentary to their original article, the authors suggest that portfolios are valuable supplemental evaluation and assessment tools.
Strength Challenge as a Process for Supervision
Authors: BORGEN WILLIAM A. , AMUNDSON NORMAN E.
Published: December 2011

Strength challenge is described as a method of giving feedback that helps counselor trainees identify and use their strengths more fully.
The Quest for Identity in the Counseling Profession
Authors: HANNA FRED J. , BEMAK FRED
Published: December 2011

The search for an identity is a recurring theme in the literature of the Counseling profession. This article reviews the context, politics, illusions, contradictions, ironies, and possibilities involved in that search.
Current Perceptions of the Doctor of Philosophy and Doctor of Education Degrees in Counselor Preparation
Authors: KOLBERT JERED B. , BRENDEL JOHNSTON M. , GRESSARD CHARLES F.
Published: December 2011

Results of a survey of program coordinators of counselor preparation programs addressing current perceptions regarding the doctor of education and doctor of philosophy degrees are presented and implications are discussed.
Teaching a Course on Counseling and Spirituality
Authors: INGERSOLL R. ELLIOTT
Published: December 2011

This article describes the curriculum for a course on counseling and spirituality. The author details elements of the course, methods to facilitate interaction, and skills to be gained by counselors taking the course.
Spiritual Issues in Counseling: A New Course
Authors: FUKUYAMA MARY A. , SEVIG TODD D.
Published: December 2011

A new course designed to explore spiritual issues that occur in counseling is described. Topics such as understanding spirituality, assessing client spiritual needs, and Identifying spiritual issues in counseling are discussed within a multicultural framework.
Educating Students in Preventive Counseling
Authors: CONYNE ROBERT K.
Published: December 2011

In this article, expanded clusters of skills thought to be necessary in learning and conducting preventive counseling are described. Implications for counselor education are provided.
Supervisee Empowerment: Does Gender Make a Difference?
Authors: GRANELLO DARCY HAAG , BEAMISH PATRICIA M. , DAVIS TOM E.
Published: December 2011

This study used a content analysis of audiotapes of clinical supervisory sessions to examine the effect of supervisee gender on the influence strategies used in the counseling clinical supervisory dyad.
Understanding and Counseling Korean Americans: Implications for Training
Authors: CHANG CATHERINE Y. , MYERS JANE E.
Published: December 2011

Korean Americans are a growing subgroup of the U.S. population with distinct characteristics and counseling needs. These characteristics and needs are considered and implications for counselor training are explored.
Training Multiculturally Competent Counselors to Work With Asian Indian Americans
Authors: CHANDRAS KAN V.
Published: December 2011

Studies continue to reveal that Asian Indian Americans tend to underuse counseling or terminate counseling process prematurely. Sociocultural differences and the implications for training counselors are presented.
Self‐Efficacy and Counselor Development: Testing the Integrated Developmental Model
Authors: LEACH MARK M. , STOLTENBERG CAL D. , MCNEILL BRIAN W. , EICHENFIELD GREGG A.
Published: December 2011

This article presents an empirical investigation of counselor self‐efficacy within 2 theoretical domains of the Integrated Developmental Model (IDM) of supervision.
An Interactional Model for Empowering Women in Supervision
Authors: NELSON MARY LEE
Published: December 2011

Gender‐related power differences have been observed in supervision. Empowering women involves attending to women's need for connection in interactions. An interactional model for encouraging connected power in supervision is presented.
Academic Hiring Policies and Projections: A Survey of CACREP‐ and APA‐Accredited Counseling Programs
Authors: ROGERS JAMES R. , GILL‐WIGAL JANET A. , HARRIGAN MARIE , ABBEY‐HINES JODI
Published: December 2011

This study investigated 84 counselor education and counseling psychology programs to determine the academic hiring policies and projections for employment in the next 10 years.
When Experienced Counselors Address Unfamiliar Tasks or Concerns: A Developmental Approach
Authors: WARNKE MELANIE A. , DUYS DAVID K. , LARK JULIANNE S. , RENARD DEBORAH E.
Published: December 2011

This manuscript proposes a framework for conceptualizing the development of experienced counselors when they address unfamiliar tasks or client concerns. Implications for practice, theory, and research are presented.
Training Counseling Students to Use Outcome Research
Authors: GRANELLO PAUL F. , GRANELLO DARCY HAAG
Published: December 2011

Counselors are increasingly called on to demonstrate the efficacy of their interventions. Counselor educators can assist beginning counselors by teaching them how to use outcome research in their clinical work and how to conduct their own outcome assessments. This article presents an infusion model for use by counselor education programs in integrating counseling outcome research throughout the counseling curriculum.
Using Rubrics for Documentation of Clinical Work Supervision
Authors: HANNA MARY ANN , SMITH JULIANN
Published: December 2011

In this article, the use of a scoring rubric for use in clinical supervision is discussed. The rubric is defined, a brief example is provided, and guidelines for development are included.
Reconstructing Counselor Education: Supervision, Teaching, and Clinical Training Revisited
Authors: SEXTON THOMAS L.
Published: December 2011

The goal of this project is to systematically reflect on the foundations of counselor education and, through the thoughtful analysis reflected in these contributions, to stimulate a broad discussion of its assumptive foundations. It is hoped that this will ultimately serve as the basis for a reconstructed model of counselor education.
Clinical Supervision: Lessons From the Literature
Authors: GOODYEAR RODNEY K. , BERNARD JANINE M.
Published: December 2011

Several characteristics of supervision research create barriers to drawing inferences about which models of supervision are better than others, or even if supervision is effective in improving trainees' overall levels of therapeutic effectiveness. There are important lessons to be learned from the supervision research. This article discusses some of the lessons that were judged especially important.
Counseling Supervision: A Reflective Model
Authors: WARD COLIN C. , HOUSE REESE M.
Published: December 2011

The article presents a new model of counseling supervision that integrates reflective learning theory with the concurrent development of counselors‐in‐training and the supervision relationship. A pedagogical framework for applying this model is introduced.
Practicum Class Supervision in CACREP‐Accredited Counselor Training Programs: A National Survey
Authors: PRIETO LORETO R.
Published: December 2011

Counselor training programs were surveyed regarding their use of practicum class supervision. Descriptive findings concerning course logistics, supervisory style, and typical activities used in practicum class supervision are presented.
Assessing the Barriers and Changes of Cross‐Cultural Supervision: A Case Study
Authors: DANIELS JUDY , D'ANDREA MICHAEL , KIM BRYAN SOO KYUNG
Published: December 2011

This article examines conflicts and communication problems that can occur in cross‐cultural supervisory relationships when cultural issues are not addressed. Recommendations for cross‐cultural supervision are discussed.
Counselor Clinical Training With Client‐Actors
Authors: LEVITOV JUSTIN E. , FALL KEVIN A. , JENNINGS MAUREEN C.
Published: December 2011

This article explores how beginning graduate counseling students can gain valuable in vivo counseling experience by working with actors who are trained to serve as clients.
Stalking the Academic Appointment
Authors: YOCOM DOROTHY JEAN , BRUCE MARY ALICE , COCHENOUR JOHN , BOX CECELIA A.
Published: December 2011

This article describes the successful job application process of 4 assistant professors. Insights and caveats for prospective counselor education job applicants are offered.
Designing a Prepracticum for Counselor Education Programs
Authors: WOODARD VIRGINIA SPIEGEL , LIN YII‐NII
Published: December 2011

The prepracticum described here creatively incorporates adult learning pedagogy, service‐learning, and a semester‐long role play to bridge the theory‐practice gap in the preparation of students for practicum‐internship and professional practice.
Supervision for Inner Vision: Solution‐Focused Strategies
Authors: PRESBURY JACK , ECHTERLING LENNIS G. , McKEE J. EDSON
Published: December 2011

Supervisors face the daunting challenge of both training and developing counselors. Solution‐focused supervision can help supervisees develop an inner vision of themselves as competent and developing counselors.
Then and Now: Examining Quality Dimensions of Counselor Preparation Programs
Authors: VACC NICHOLAS A. , CHARKOW WENDY B.
Published: December 2011

This study examines methods that have been used to assess the quality dimensions of educational programs. The purpose of assessing these methods is to provide improved procedures for evaluation to increase the accountability of counselor preparation programs. This will help guide counseling into the status of a mature profession.
Structured Peer Group Practicum Supervision: Supervisees' Perceptions of Supervision Theory
Authors: STARLING PAULETTE V. , BAKER STANLEY B.
Published: December 2011

The authors discuss a thematic analysis of retrospective phenomenological interviews of 4 group counseling practicum participants. Implications for developmental supervision theory and future research are presented.
Using a Popular Film in Counselor Education: Good Will Hunting as a Teaching Tool
Authors: KOCH GARY , DOLLARHIDE COLETTE T.
Published: December 2011

The popular film Good Will Hunting, which portrays a counseling relationship, is discussed as an effective tool for facilitating the teaching of counseling theories. This article describes the authors' experience using this movie as a teaching tool, documenting the students' improved comprehension and application of course concepts and the instructor's improved rapport with the class.
Reconstructing Clinical Training: In Pursuit of Evidence‐Based Clinical Training
Authors: SEXTON THOMAS L.
Published: December 2011

Clinical training and education are of central importance to both the specialty of counselor education and the profession of counseling. Unfortunately, counselor educators may be inadvertently contributing to the well‐known and well‐documented gap between research and practice. This reaction to S. C. Whiston and K. J. Coker (2000) discusses the research–training gap in counselor education and proposes an evidence‐based model of clinical training.
Reconstructing Clinical Training: Implications From Research
Authors: WHISTON SUSAN C. , COKER J. KELLY
Published: December 2011

The methods used to train counselors need to be reexamined because research has consistently shown that trained clinicians are not more effective than untrained individuals. This article presents an empirically based discussion of methods for reconstructing the clinical training portion of counselor education to increase the effectiveness of training. The proposed reconstruction focuses on the topics of establishing a therapeutic relationship, increasing counselor skillfulness, and training in client matching.
A New Paradigm for Teaching Counseling Theory and Practice
Authors: CHESTON SHARON E.
Published: December 2011

The author discusses a paradigm for understanding the myriad of counseling theories and their corresponding intervention techniques. The paradigm organizes counseling theory and practice around three principles: a way of being, a way of understanding, and a way of intervening. The paradigm assists counselors in sorting out the similarities and differences between the counseling theories and allows them to eclectically use various theories and techniques without losing the consistency and cohesiveness of working within a structure.
Counselor Educators' Strategies for Success
Authors: Niles Spencer G. , Akos Patrick , Cutler Heather
Published: December 2011

Fourteen counselor educators identified strategies for research, teaching, and service activities. Responses were analyzed for themes, which were presented as recommendations for counselor educators. Recommendations included developing a disciplined, focused, and collaborative approach to research. Strategies for effective teaching included using multiple teaching methods, taking a student‐centered approach, and keeping current in one's field. Recommendations for participation in service activities included using effective interpersonal skills, appreciating multiple perspectives, and following through on one's commitments. Additional strategies for balancing time, overcoming obstacles, and coping with multiple life roles are presented.
Promoting Cognitive Complexity in Graduate Written Work: Using Bloom's Taxonomy as a Pedagogical Tool to Improve Literature Reviews
Authors: Granello Darcy Haag
Published: December 2011

The article applies Bloom's (B. S. Bloom, M. D. Engelhart, F. J. Furst, W. H. Hill, & D. R. Krathwohl, 1956) Taxonomy of Educational Objectives, Handbook I: Cognitive Domain to the process of graduate‐level writing in counselor education. Bloom's Taxonomy is provided as a mechanism to help students develop and demonstrate cognitive complexity when writing comprehensive literature reviews. The article outlines common assumptions held by students operating at each level of the Taxonomy, typical organizational structure and content of papers at each level of the Taxonomy, and tips to move writing to more cognitively advanced levels.
The Effectiveness of Career Development Seminars on African American Premedical Students: A Program Evaluation Using the Medical Career Development Inventory
Authors: Henry Paul , Bardo Harold R. , Henry Carol A.
Published: December 2011

The authors examined the impact of a structured career planning program on the career maturity scores of 61 African American premedical students as measured by the Medical Career Development Inventory.
American Indian Secondary School Students' Preferences for Counselors
Authors: BigFoot‐Sipes Dolores Subia , Dauphinais Paul , LaFromboise Teresa D. , Bennett Sandra K. , Rowe Wayne
Published: December 2011

Researchers examined the importance of similar ethnicity and the preference for a counselor of the same sex among American Indian secondary school students.
University Student Attitudes Toward Arabs: Intervention Implications
Authors: Sergent Marie T. , Woods Paula A. , Sedlacek William E.
Published: December 2011

This study assessed the attitudes of college students toward Arabs. Attitudes were significantly more negative in situations involving an Arab individual than in identical situations involving a neutrally identified person.
Race, Gender, and Sexual Orientation in the HIV/AIDS Epidemic: Evaluating an Intervention for Leaders of Diverse Communities
Authors: Croteau James M. , Morgan Susanne , Henderson Bruce , Nero Charles I.
Published: December 2011

This article discusses the implementation and evaluation of an HIV/AIDS educational intervention for college student leaders in African‐American, Latino, feminist, and gay and lesbian campus organizations.
Attitudes Toward Interracial Dating: Effects of Age, Sex, and Race
Authors: Todd Judith , McKinney Jeanice L. , Harris Raymond , Chadderton Ryan , Small Leslie
Published: December 2011

Attitudes toward interracial dating were investigated by surveying 400 individuals from an integrated community. As predicted, men were more positive than women, the young were more positive than the old, and Caucasian Americans were somewhat more positive than African Americans in their attitudes.
Differences in Student Perceptions of Secondary Vocational Education: Implications for Multicultural Career Counseling
Authors: Rojewski Jay W. , Sheng Peihua
Published: December 2011

Comparative analysis of 204 African‐American and White students' perceptions toward secondary vocational education revealed that students formed perceptions toward these programs from a multidimensional perspective. Generally, African‐American female students held positive perceptions whereas African‐American male students held negative perceptions toward vocational education programs.
Ethnic Differences in College Students' Perceptions of Barriers to Career Development
Authors: Luzzo Darrell Anthony
Published: December 2011

Undergraduates (N = 375) representing various ethnic groups indicated perceived barriers to their past and future career development. Significant ethnic differences were revealed (p < .05).
Issues in Multicultural Counselor Education
Authors: Niles F. Sushila
Published: December 2011

The author argues for a culture‐specific program for counselor education with the caveat that within a culture each individual is unique, examines the process of categorization as a possible device in generating cross‐cultural understanding, and suggests that education should identify cultural bias to keep it to a minimum.
Asian Indian Immigrants in America and Sociocultural Issues in Counseling
Authors: Ramisetty‐Mikler Suhasini
Published: December 2011

The author presents an overview of the sociocultural differences between American and Asian Indian cultures, the implications of those differences, and suggestions for counseling techniques and approaches.
Psychological Misdiagnosis of African Americans
Authors: Garretson Deborah J.
Published: December 2011

This article reviews historical and current problems with making accurate psychological diagnoses of African Americans.
Stress, Hypertension, and Young Black Americans: The Importance of Counseling
Authors: Livingston Ivor Lensworth
Published: December 2011

The author reviews the stress‐hypertension relationship among young Black Americans and shows how counselors can intervene using a conceptual sociopsychophysiological model of stress.
Cultural Differences in Psychological Distress Between Asian and Caucasian American College Students
Authors: Cheng David , Leong Frederick T. L. , Geist Robert
Published: December 2011

The authors examined possible cultural differences in psychological distress between Asian and Caucasion American college students using the Brief Symptom Inventory.
American Counseling in the Mind of a Chinese Counselor
Authors: Zhang Weijun
Published: December 2011

Illustrating three instances he encountered here in the States, the Chinese counselor argues that American counseling is deeply rooted in rugged individualism, and often at expense of family and community. The suitability of American counseling for other cultures is thus questioned.
Differences in the Manifest Dream Content of Anglo‐American, Mexican‐American, and African‐American College Women
Authors: Kane Connie M.
Published: December 2011

This study compares the manifest dream content of African‐American college women with that of their Anglo‐American and Mexican‐American peers. The dream elements examined are characters, emotions, environmental press, achievement outcomes, and social interactions that are aggressive, friendly, or sexual. The results show a statistically significant difference on only one measure: environmental press. That is, the dreams of African Americans reveal a significantly stronger perception of themselves as victims of their fate rather than directors of it.
Defining Samples in Multicultural Psychological Research
Authors: Illovsky Michael E.
Published: December 2011

This review of domestic “ethnic” psychological literature draws attention to recurring problems that impede progress in research. Many of these problems are associated with the use of labels that lack meaningful definition and validity. Some guidelines are offered in conducting research in which ethnicity is a variable.
The Path of Good Medicine: Understanding and Counseling Native American Indians
Authors: Garrett J. T. , Garrett Michael Walkingstick
Published: December 2011

This article presents a brief overview of Native American cultural values, beliefs, and practices concerning the tribe, elders, family, and spirituality. Native American Indian communication style, humor, and cultural commitment are briefly discussed and recommendations are given for counseling with Native American Indians.
The Older Native American Indian With Disabilities: Implications for Providers of Health Care and Human Services
Authors: Saravanabhavan R. C. , Marshall Catherine A.
Published: December 2011

This article presents a review of the literature as regards the older Native American Indian, as well as a report of health care and human service needs based on a recent study of urban Native American Indians with disabilities in the Denver metropolitan area.
Assessing the Moral Development and Self‐Esteem of Hawaiian Youth
Authors: Daniels Judy , D'Andrea Michael
Published: December 2011

This article reports on a study designed to assess the moral development and self‐esteem of a group of youngsters who have received scant attention from researchers in the past. After presenting the results of their investigation, the authors discuss the implications of their findings for counselor education, practice, and future multicultural research.
Asian and Caucasian Client Perceptions of the Effectiveness of Counseling
Authors: Lee Wanda M. L. , Mixson Robert J.
Published: December 2011

Questionnaire responses from 73 Asian and 255 Caucasian clients at a university counseling center compared ratings of counseling helpfulness, counselor characteristics, and other reactions to counseling. The Asians (a) rated counseling as less helpful for personal‐emotional concerns and (b) rated their counselors as less competent than did the Caucasians.
Counseling in South Africa: Yesterday, Today, and Tomorrow
Authors: Vontress Clemmont E. , Naiker Kevin S.
Published: December 2011

This article discusses counseling in South Africa by delineating three developmental periods: (a) the stage in which psychology aided and abetted apartheid, (b) the stage in which it professed political neutrality, and (c) the current stage in which psychotherapeutic professionals are actively rebuilding a society nearly destroyed by apartheid.
Using Open‐Ended Interviews to Determine Why Puerto Rican Students Drop Out of School
Authors: Marin Patria
Published: December 2011

Latino youth account for 10% of all elementary and secondary school students and are among the most undereducated in the United States (Perez, 1993). Many low socioeconomic status (SES) Latino youths are dropping out of high school. There are few contemporary studies on this dilemma. Based on students' opinions and perceptions, this article examines why one subgroup of the Latino population, Puerto Ricans, is not graduating from high school.
Including Jews in Multiculturalism
Authors: Langman Peter F.
Published: December 2011

This article discusses reasons for the lack of attention to Jews as an ethnic minority within multiculturalism both by Jews and non‐Jews; why Jews and Jewish issues need to be included; and addresses some of the issues involved in the ethical treatment of Jewish clients.
The Training and Supervisory Needs of Racial and Ethnic Minority Students
Authors: McNeill Brian W. , Horn Keri L. , Perez Julie A.
Published: December 2011

Despite the increasing attention given to issues of multicultural training in counseling programs, there is a dearth of information available on the unique training needs of racial and ethnic minority trainees. The authors review the sparse literature relevant to the training needs of ethnic minority students, offer examples of training and supervisory issues, and make recommendations for future research and training.
The Career Trinity: Puerto Rican College Students and Their Struggle for Identity and Power
Authors: Hernandez Thomas J.
Published: December 2011

A pilot ethnographic study of Puerto Rican male college students found a powerful connection between family, community, and self‐concept as mediators in the development of a personal concept of career for the participants and for their subsequent career development and decision‐making processes. Implications for the counseling process are discussed.
The Ethnic Mentor Undergraduate Program: A Brief Description and Preliminary Findings
Authors: Thile Edmund L. , Matt Georg E.
Published: December 2011

The Ethnic Mentor Undergraduate (EMU) Program targets students from traditionally underrepresented ethnic backgrounds and aims at fostering skills and attitudes necessary to persist to graduation. Findings indicate that EMU protégés perform better than the university‐wide average and that drop‐out rates are reduced. Implications for mentoring programs are discussed.
Assessing Cultural Adaptation: Psychometric Properties of the Cultural Adaptation Pain Scale
Authors: Sandhu Daya Singh , Portes Pedro R. , McPhee Sidney A.
Published: December 2011

This article explores the psychometric properties of a newly developed Cultural Adaptation Pain Scale. This scale is designed to assess the degree of subjective pain, social distance, and discouragement that may be related to cultural adaptation. Factor analyses revealed 4 factors in the scale that had an overall Cronbach's alpha of .85. Implications for multicultural counseling are discussed.
University Student Attitudes Toward American Indians
Authors: Ancis Julie R. , Choney Sandra K. , Sedlacek William E.
Published: December 2011

This study measured racial attitudes of 201 students toward American Indians in a variety of social‐interpersonal and educational situations. Student's racial attitudes were generally positive except in a situation involving an American Indian student receiving free health care. Results are discussed in the context of the current sociopolitical climate.
Alcohol and Other Drug Use Among African‐American Students in a Southern University
Authors: Globetti Gerald , Globetti Elaine , Lo Celia , Brown Charles L.
Published: December 2011

This analysis of the circumstances of alcohol and other drug use among African‐American students at a predominantly White university indicated that the majority of these students drank in a responsible manner. Other drug use was almost nonexistent. Strong peer disapproval was exhibited toward drug users and alcohol abusers. Counselors dealing with such problems must be cognizant of the multicultural aspects of these behaviors.
Problems Caused for Mental Health Professionals Worldwide by Increasing Multicultural Populations and Proposed Solutions
Authors: Chiu Thomas L.
Published: December 2011

Psychiatric disorders on a global scale, combined with rapid national population diversification, demand that mental health professionals worldwide become more informed about the realities of diagnosing and treating a multicultural patient population. Recommendations are offered to enable such professionals to most efficaciously diagnose and treat patients from diverse sociocultural backgrounds.
The Journal of Multicultural Counseling and Development: Then, Now, and in the 21st Century
Authors: Leach Mark M. , Behrens John T. , Rowe Wayne
Published: December 2011

The results of a content analysis of volumes 18–22 of JMCD are presented and related to findings of 5 and 10 years earlier. Trends are identified along with issues for future development of the journal.
Cultural, Family, and Personal Values as Standards for Life Decisions Explored in Multicultural Counseling
Authors: Waxer Peter H.
Published: December 2011

Canadians and non‐Canadians rated 20 life‐decision areas as most influenced by (a) personal values, (b) family values, and (c) cultural values. Non‐Canadians gave higher ratings to cultural values than did Canadians. This was attributed to non‐Canadians relying on their heritage values, lacking full understanding of host country norms.
White Racial Identity and Expectations About Counseling
Authors: Carter Robert T. , Akinsulure‐Smith Adeyinka M.
Published: December 2011

Although there have been several studies that have explored people's expectations about counseling, to date there has been no such exploration from a racial‐cultural perspective. This study sought to explore the relationship between White racial identity attitudes and expectations about counseling. Although the results showed that men and women differ in their expectations about counseling and in their levels of White racial identity attitudes, the findings of the study indicated that there was no significant relationship between White racial identity attitudes and counseling expectations. The results of the study are examined in relation to previous findings in the field and directions for future study are considered.
Diversity Identity Development Training: Theory Informs Practice
Authors: Ramsey MaryLou
Published: December 2011

Most identity development models are unidimensional and mutually independent. They rarely acknowledge multiple cultural identifications or their relationship to diversity awareness training. This article discusses this relationship in a four‐stage conceptual model for diversity identity development and its implications for the design, structuring and leadership of diversity training programs.
White Americans' Attitudes Toward Asian Americans in Social Situations: An Empirical Examination of Potential Stereotypes, Bias, and Prejudice
Authors: Leong Frederick T. L. , Schneller Gregory
Published: December 2011

The purpose of this study was to investigate the stereotypical attitudes of college students toward a variety of social situations involving Asian Americans. The authors were also interested in the effects of differential labeling of Asian Americans on the attitudes held toward them (i.e., “Asian” versus “Oriental”).
The Emergence of Chicanos in the Twenty‐First Century: Implications for Counseling, Research, and Policy
Authors: González Gerardo M.
Published: December 2011

The Chicano or Mexican American population has grown by 53% over the past decade and is expected to continue to increase at a similar pace past the year 2000. This article is a descriptive analysis of recent U.S. Census demographic population estimates for Chicanos. Several demographic variables were examined: immigration, language, education, family, geographic distribution, socioeconomic issues, and age. This analysis raised several critical implications for counseling, research, and policy for the Chicano population.
Development of a Culturally Responsive Group Counseling Model for Mexican American Adolescents
Authors: Baca Louise M. , Koss‐Chioino Joan D.
Published: December 2011

This article discusses a group counseling model specifically targeted for Mexican American adolescents with behavior problems including substance abuse. An integrated model is proposed, with the model assumptions clearly articulated and specific therapeutic goals addressed in a culturally responsive manner. Foci of the model are ethnic identity, affective expression, and life choices. Preliminary findings indicate that the youths are retained in the groups at a higher rate than predicted.

To live in the Borderlands means you are neither hispana India negra espanola ni gabacha, eres mestiza, mulata, half‐breed caught in the crossfire between camps while carrying all five races on your back not knowing which side to turn to, run from; To survive the Borderlands you must live sin fronteras be a crossroads.

—Gloria Anzaldua (1987)
Conflict in Multicultural Counseling Relationships: Source and Resolution
Authors: Coleman Hardin L. K.
Published: December 2011

This article outlines Coleman's (1995b) model of the six strategies individuals use to cope with cultural diversity; and suggests that conflict in multicultural counseling relationships are often the result of divergence in the strategies used by counselors and clients to cope with cultural diversity. Two ways of resolving the conflict are suggested.
Bayanihan: Providing Effective Counseling Strategies with Children of Filipino Ancestry
Authors: Salvador Darryl S. , Omizo Michael M. , Kim Bryan S. K.
Published: December 2011

To provide effective counseling services to Filipino youth from primary school to college, it is imperative to understand the components of traditional Filipino culture. This article provides a psychocultural profile for persons of Filipino ancestry, discusses the implications of these cultural factors, and presents suggestions for counseling this diverse population.
Intake Concerns of Racial and Ethnic Minority Students at a University Counseling Center: Implications for Developmental Programming and Outreach
Authors: Constantine Madonna G. , Chen Eric C. , Ceesay Paulette
Published: December 2011

The presenting concerns of racial and ethnic minority students at a university counseling center were examined. Results revealed that family and romantic relationship issues, academic concerns, and depression were among their primary concerns. Implications for developing outreach programs to address the mental health needs of similar college students are discussed.
Evolution of the African American Family Personality: Considerations for Family Therapy
Authors: McCollum Vivian J. Carroll
Published: December 2011

Both internal and external factors help to determine the personality of the African American family. Personality traits of the African American family include adherence to historical values, diversity in family structure, and family communication. A review of the history of the African American family from its African roots to contemporary America is presented here.
African Americans and Consultation
Authors: Warner Candis M. , Morris Joseph R.
Published: December 2011

This article reviews key issues related to racial minorities working as consultants, provides an analysis of possible impediments to successful consultation by stage of the process, and provides examples of how majority consultants can provide support for this underrepresented group in the field. Implications for training are discussed.