bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Las parteras y los inicios de la ginecología en el Perú vistas en «Las brujas de Ica» de Ricardo Palma
Authors: Siccha Malca Mónica Milagros
Published: October 2021

En este artículo se analizará la tradición «Las brujas de Ica» del autor Ricardo Palma. Se propone resaltar cómo las parteras eran percibidas en el Perú antiguo y comprender cómo surgió la ginecología en nuestro país; así como su desarrollo y modernización en el campo de la medicina.
Integração curricular no Ensino Médio integrado à educação profissional e tecnológica
Authors: Bagnara Ivan Carlos , Boscatto Juliano Daniel
Published: October 2021

Este estudo objetiva analisar os limites e as possibilidades apresentadas para o desenvolvimento da integração curricular da Educação Física (EF) com os demais componentes do currículo no Ensino Médio Integrado (EMI) à Educação Profissional e Tecnológica (EPT). Para isso, foi desenvolvida uma pesquisa qualitativa bibliográfica, em que foram analisadas teses e dissertações que versam sobre a temática. Os resultados indicam que as dificuldades de compreender qual seria a concepção conceitual de EMI e a responsabilidade pedagógica da EF, a fragmentação curricular, a seleção dos conteúdos de ensino, os limites da formação inicial e continuada de professores e as dificuldades para o desenvolvimento de trabalhos coletivos, são aspectos que limitam o desenvolvimento da integração curricular. Em outra perspectiva, os dados indicam que para potencializar o desenvolvimento de integrações curriculares torna-se necessário superar a concepção do modelo instrumental da EF, existe a necessidade da realização de trabalhos coletivos e o diálogo entre as áreas e entre os componentes curriculares, que é preciso reorganizar os tempos e espaços institucionais e, além disso, propor projetos educativos integradores. Assim, compreendemos que sem a aposta no protagonismo docente e na organização de tempos e espaços para diálogo, qualquer política educacional, e, neste escopo, insere-se também a política do EMI, corre o risco de tornar-se vazia, sem sentido.
Problems of installation water protective zones and coastal protective stripes
Authors:   SSS", Rusina N. ,   Rivne Professional Collegeof  NULES ofUkraine ", Lyulʹchyk V. ,   SSS" Rivne Professional Collegeof  NULES ofUkraine ", Bida P. ,   SSS" Rivne Professional Collegeof  NULES ofUkraine ", Kachanovsʹkyy O. ,   SSS" Rivne Professional Collegeof  NULES ofUkraine ", Bulakevych S. ,   SSS" Rivne Professional Collegeof  NULES ofUkraine ", Petrova O. ,   SSS" Rivne Professional Collegeof  NULES ofUkraine "
Published: October 2021

The issue of establishing the boundaries of water protection and coastal stripes in Ukraine were examined in the article. The purpose of the study is to present the practical results of the formation the boundary delimiter of coastal protection stripes, based on scientific and methodological approaches to the development of land management projects for the establishment of coastal protection stripes and modern technologies in the area of geographic information system. Theoretical principles of establishing the boundaries of water protective zones and coastal protective stripes on water resources are analyzed. Regulatory basic documents on the subject of use in the establishment of water protection zones and coastal protection stripes have been explored. It is noted that the size of water protective zones and coastal protective stripes can be set in accordance with the provisions of the Land Code of Ukraine, and according to the especial projects in land management. It is suggested the procedure for establishing coastal and water protective zones is based on determining the hydrographic characteristics of water sites and morphological parameters of coastal areas using remote sensing data and geoinformation system and includes six steps: 1. Determination of morphometric parameters of water sites. 2. Obtaining relief data and its application 3.Determining the steepness of the slopes. 4. Construction of catchment areas and determination of surface effluent directions. 5. Creation of a buffer zone around water sites (construction of a protective stripe and a water protective zone). 6. Combining layers of informative maps for the final definition of boundaries. The use of the methodology is presented on a specific example, namely the pond in the village Gremyache, Rivne region. Methodology will provide a technical background for establishing and decision-making on the size of water protective zones and coastal protection stripes around water objects. One more aspect of the problem, solved by the methodology proposed in the article, involves informative supporting of decisions in a sphere of controlling water fund lands at the regional level as part of the planning measures for sustainable regions development and protection of water objects. Keywords: water protective zone, coastal protection belt, land management project, Earth remote sensing data of the Earth and geographic information system data, boundaries of the water protective zone and coastal protective stripe
On the issue of formation of the institutional environment of environmentally safe agricultural land use
Authors:   National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Kupriyanchyk I.
Published: October 2021

The article is devoted to the formation of the institutional environment of ecologically safe agricultural land use through the model of harmonization of ecological and economic interests of the subjects of agricultural land use. The structure of agricultural land use is based on criteria, the content of which represents both economic and environmental interests of society. For example, the landowner (land user) is interested in converting his land into the most economically attractive - arable land, which reflects his private economic interests, and on the other - society is interested in maintaining the optimal state of agricultural landscapes, which in turn provides the optimal ratio of destabilizing, stabilizing and stabilizing reflecting the public environmental interests [7]. Usually such differentiation of interests of subjects of agrarian land use causes situations of impossibility to agree them voluntarily. Therefore, there is an urgent problem in effective regulatory policy in the field of land use, in particular through the formation of the institutional environment of environmentally friendly agricultural land use through the model of harmonization of environmental and economic interests of agricultural land users. In the article, it is clarified that the institutional model of harmonization of ecological and economic interests of subjects of agrarian land use provides for the introduction of tools to eliminate the conflict of ecological and economic interests, which includes a number of tools, levers and techniques, in particular: -adaptation paradigm; formation of ecological consciousness of land users, ecological morality and ethics; development of the organizational and economic mechanism of formation of ecologically safe agrarian land tenures and land uses optimum through a combination of market and state levers of influence; regulatory and legal support of ecological safety of agricultural land use; optimization of the organizational structure of land use management. Keywords. Institutional environment, institutions, ecologically safe agricultural land use, land relations, economic development, ecology.
Methodical approaches of land registration formation of recreational land use of water protection zones and coastal protective strips
Authors:   State Ecological Academy, Yusypenko O.
Published: October 2021

Today, in the conditions of transformational transformations, the recreational potential of reservoirs is used only partially, in connection with the priority of development of other branches of activity (health-improving). This is despite the fact that the value of water resources is involved in the processes of all areas of activity. That is why the issue of land management formation of recreational land use of water protection zones and coastal protection strips requires an integrated approach. Which is carried out through the assessment of recreational and tourist potential of territories and settlements to emphasize the characteristics and features that are important in the implementation of recreational activities and have a direct impact on the planning organization of land use. For the purpose of verifying the set of general intelligence, the author schematically presents the concept of "structural components that form the land use of cultural landscapes ". It has been established that in a city, the assessment of the attractiveness of land use of landscapes for recreational activities should determine the originality of recreational land use in accordance with regional and local specifics and landscape diversity. It has been seen that as a result of using various methodological approaches to assessing the recreational potential of land use of the water protection zone and the coastal protection strips, the following should be established: the recreational capacity of land use of the territory; permissible recreational load; recreational digression. In addition, according to the results of the assessment, it is proposed to divide the recreational land use of the territories of water protection zones and coastal protection strips by popularity rating, in particular, with high, medium and low potential values. As an example, the state of recreational potential in Kyiv was considered and it was established that the land management arrangement of the city needs an immediate solution for further development of recreational land use. Also, the author, due to the lack of established boundaries of water protection zones, presents a characteristic of acute social and environmental problems of land use of water bodies in Kyiv. It has been established that if there are restrictions on the use of land and other natural resources, but there is no information about them, then there is a possibility of the occurrence of various types of damage to the land use of water protection zones and coastal strips. That is why, it is proposed to allocate functional land use zones of the coastal protection strips by types of development, which will allow more efficient use of the existing potential of recreational land use of water protection zones and coastal protection strips within Kyiv and its greening and generally increase capitalization. Keywords: recreational land use, water protection zones, coastal protection strips, functional areas
The pharmacological treatment of epileptic seizures in children and adults: introduction, clinical contexts, psychopharmacological profiles and prospects in the neurogenetic field
Authors: Perrotta Giulio
Published: October 2021

Recalling the concept of "epilepsy", already analyzed in a previous publication, this work focuses on the specific study of the best pharmacological treatments for the morbid condition under examination, paying attention to the clinical and prospective aspects of therapy, also in light of recent discoveries in the neuroinflammatory and neurogenetic field.
Bisexuality: definition, humanistic profiles, neural correlates and clinical hypotheses
Authors: Perrotta Giulio
Published: October 2021

This work focuses on the study of neurobiological and functional profiles in terms of bisexuality, to carefully evaluate the direct correlation between anatomical and physiological elements and the choice of sexual preferences oriented on both sexes, hypothesizing any clinical profiles.
Factors Associated with Short-Term Seizure Recurrence in Extratemporal Epilepsy Surgery
Authors: Santos Aisel
Published: October 2021

Introduction: Drug-resistant extratemporal epilepsy is the second cause of referral to epilepsy surgery. Objectives: To identify factors associated with short-term seizure recurrence following extratemporal epilepsy surgery. Materials and Methods: We performed a retrospective study of 19 consecutive patients who underwent surgery for drug-resistant extratemporal epilepsy at the National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery of Havana, Cuba, from September 2014 to October 2019. All patients had at least one year of postoperative follow-up. Fisher's exact test was used to search for an association between dichotomous variables. A value of p≤0.05 was considered significant. Results: After one year of follow-up, seizure freedom reached 31.6% (Engel I) and 36.8% showed significant improvement in the number of seizures (Engel II). The frontal location (p=0.046) and incomplete resection of the epileptogenic zone (p=0.017), bilateral interictal discharges on the preoperative electroencephalogram (EEG) (p=0.017), the presence of epileptiform discharges on the postsurgical EEG (p=0.001), and the occurrence of seizures after the sixth month of surgery (p=0.001), were associated with seizures recurrence. Conclusions: After one year, 31.6% of patients operated on for extratemporal epilepsy were seizure-free. The incomplete resection of the epileptogenic zone and the presence of epileptogenic discharges in the postsurgical EEG, and the presence of seizures after the sixth month of surgery were the most significant factors of seizure recurrence.
Comparing Usa and Mexico Response to Covid as well as Incidence and Death toll for the First 6 Months from February 2020 to august 2020 and the Pandemic on June 1st 2021
Authors: Nava Gabriel
Published: October 2021

Both Mexico and United States share a border aswell as Mexico being the country with the most American citizens living abroad and United States housing millions of individuals of Mexican descent, Covid 19 has impacted the world and both countries health system Mexico having to deal with the impact of a pandemic with a much lower budget and personnel compared to United States and aswell United States having to deal with a pandemic occurring in a country with more 330,000,000 persons of all type of ethnicities United states has being the country with the most cases confirmed of covid 19 in the World in this article we will compare the first 6 months of covid 19 in Mexico as well as in the United States and current data for nowadays of Covid 19.
Associations between Intensive Lipid-lowering Therapy and Outcomes of Intracerebral Hemorrhage
Authors: Tang Tianping
Published: October 2021

Background: The intensive lipid-lowering therapy (ILLT), targeting an low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) < 1.80 mmol/L, was a crucial strategy for the secondary prevention of cerebrovascular diseases. But the associations between ILLT and the outcomes after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) were unclear. Materials and Methods: Data of the consecutive patients with acute ICH and past medical histories of ischemic stroke from 2017 to 2019 at an academic stroke center in China were analyzed. The study patients were classified according to their baseline LDL-C levels: < 1.80 mmol/Lvs. ≥ 1.80 mmol/L. The outcomes of ICH were compared between the two groups. Multivariate linear mixed effect model with repeated measures adjusting for ICH scores were used to determine the associations between LDL-C levels and the change in NIHSS scores; baseline ICH scores were adjusted in the multi-variable models Results: A total of 197 patients were included in the study, 31 of them had LDL-C < 1.80 mmol/L and 166 had LDL-C ≥ 1.80 mmol/L. We did not test any significant differences regarding the demographic characteristics or vascular risk factors. Medians of the baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores (8 vs. 9, P = 0.79) and ICH scores (1 vs.1, P = 0.26) were similar. But the patients with LDL-C < 1.80 mmol/L had higher risks of secondary intraventricular hemorrhage (13% vs. 4%, P = 0.03). Outcomes of the hemorrhagic stroke at discharge were similar, except the patients with LDL-C ≥ 1.80 mmol/L had significant improvements in their NIHSS scores at discharge (estimated change in means: -2.4, 95% CI: [-4.3, -0.5]), while patients with LDL-C < 1.80 mmol/L did not (estimated change in means: -1.4, 95% CI: [-5.9, 3.0]). Conclusion: ILLT achieved LDL-C < 1.80 mmol/L was associated with limited improvements in the neurological deficits in the patients with ICH.
Two macro-vascular thrombotic complications in a single patient due to COVID-19 treated successfully: case report
Authors: Noor Alfateh
Published: October 2021

Human infection with Sars CoV-2 named COVID-19 by WHO causes micro and macro vascular thrombosis which is one of the major complications along with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS). Although the mechanisms involved are poorly understood but appear to consist of a cascade of inflammation with involvement of many inflammatory cytokines, coagulation factors and platelets and results in some kind of immune-thrombosis. The thrombotic and thrombo-embolic events have caused major morbidities and mortalities and have been topic of extensive research in present pandemic. Timely recognition of these events and intervention with anticoagulation has been the key to successful management of critically ill COVID-19 patients.
HIV as A Cause of Acute Liver Injury
Authors: Hsieh Eric
Published: October 2021

While hepatitis is the most common infectious cause of acute liver injury, although rare, acute human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection should be considered in the workup for infectious causes of acute liver injury. We present a case of a 36 year old woman with no past medical history who presented to the hospital for 8 days of abdominal pain and nausea worsened with food. Labs were significant for lymphocytopenia, transaminitis, elevated alkaline phosphatase, and direct bilirubinemia. Viral hepatitis serologies were negative and imaging showed nonspecific gallbladder wall thickening, no gallbladder stones, no intra or extra-hepatic biliary ductal dilatation. No evidence of congestive heart failure. Serologies for cytomegalovirus (CMV), Epstein Barr virus (EBV), rickettsia, enterovirus, adenovirus, and parvovirus were negative. Workup for autoimmune liver disease was also negative. Liver biopsy was notable for a focus of granulomatous necrosis, suggestive of infectious or drug induced etiology. During this admission, patient was also found to have a new diagnosis of HIV with CD4 count of 235. Patient was started on bictegravir, emtricitabine, and tenofovir alafenamide with progressive improvement and eventual resolution of AST, ALT, alkaline phosphatase, and bilirubin elevation since starting anti-retroviral therapy.*++
Epidural Hematoma in a Patient with Undiagnosed Vitamin K Deficiency: A Case Report
Authors: Rawley Jonathan
Published: October 2021

A 72 year old man presented for colostomy repair prompting epidural catheter placement for pain management. A prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) coupled with degenerative spine disease were noted prior to placement. Postoperatively, he developed shortness of breath and leg weakness. This impelled a computed tomography (CT) scan for pulmonary embolism (PE) evaluation, which revealed an epidural hematoma. Stable neurologic findings prompted conservative management. In conclusion, 1) prolongation in aPTT should prompt consideration before neuraxial procedures, 2) vitamin K deficiency is a risk factor for epidural hematoma, and 3) hematoma management should be dictated by progression of neurologic findings.
Ruination and the William Jones Affair
Authors: Canilao Michael Armand P.
Published: October 2021

This article uses the early twentieth-century Ilongot ethnographic fieldwork and the death of anthropologist William Jones in the Philippines as a vista into what the scholar of colonialism, Ann Stoler, refers to as ruination (Stoler 2013). I argue that the case of William Jones provides an important glimpse into colonial projects in two ways. First, it illustrates the intersection of anthropological expeditions and colonialism. Second, it argues that the colonial project itself produces archives, and in turn, colonial subjects through the making and reading of these archives. I argue for the use of incidental intelligence (Scott 1982) in navigating archival regenerative debris fields. Using archival data including court documents, fieldwork notes, and diaries, the article shows how colonial relationships are shaped, contested, and racialized. At the center of this process for the making of archives and the shaping of colonial subjects is Jones’ fieldwork as well as “his people,” the Ilongots, who are romanticized headhunters.
Social Sciences and the Cultural Sector in England
Authors: Selwood Sara
Published: October 2021

Drawing on a literature review of over two hundred items, this commentary describes what drove the English cultural sector’s interest in the social sciences from the 1980s, and the social sciences’ interest in the cultural sector. The social sciences offered the cultural sector the means to evidence and advocate its assertions of social and economic impact in line with government requirements. Their economic valuations and sociological analyses of its patterns of employment were both written on commission and independently. But despite the potential for complementary collaborations, the relationship between the social sciences and the cultural sector has been subject to the conflicting interests of the various constituencies involved. Various economists have commented on the costs of financial value being held in higher regard than human value. Perhaps this will mark a moment when cultural policy and those activities that the state-supports will become more unequivocally celebrated for adding value to society.
Border Violence, Democracy, and the Museum
Authors: Knell Simon
Published: October 2021

This article is a re-edited version of the opening prelude to the author’s The Museum’s Borders: On the Challenge of Knowing and Remembering Well (Routledge, 2021). Based on reportage concerning the Windrush scandal, this article makes the case for the museum to be understood as an autonomous institution critical to knowledge-based democracies. The scandal, exposed in 2018, was the result of the British Government’s “hostile environment,” a brutal approach to immigration that ensnared historic migrants to Britain from the Caribbean. Resulting in state violence against Black British citizens, it revealed the degree to which Britain remained mired in institutional racism. Museums, libraries, and other cultural institutions played a critical role in recovering and asserting the history and legitimacy of these people.
Aratoi: Our Journeys to Aotearoa
Authors: McNaughton Esther Helen
Published: October 2021

How can regional art galleries support the development of cultural understanding in their communities? The 2019 collaborative project Aratoi: Our Journeys to Aotearoa between Nelson, New Zealand’s Suter Art Gallery te Aratoi o Whakatū and eight local schools explored this question. Students’ artworks were hung alongside the gallery’s collection, enriching dialogue within the exhibition through the provision of voices otherwise absent. Building on the gallery’s collection and history, this project demonstrated the evolution of the gallery’s colonial roots into a broader discussion of culture. Participating teachers believed the project allowed public recognition of students’ abilities and ideas; expression of a school community’s special character; cross-curricular learning; cohesive whole school learning; bicultural learning; and pre-service teacher development. It also enabled meaningful exploration of Aotearoa New Zealand’s histories.
What a Museum Cannot Bear Witness To
Authors: Eklemezler Sercan
Published: October 2021

The primary motivation behind this study is assessing how successful “inclusive” urban museums really are in representing ethnic/religious minorities. The research site is Bursa City Museum, Turkey, where the Bursa Jewish Community used to be one of the key social and cultural elements of the city. In-depth interviews are the main method of study, since the opinions of this minority on the subject are the main focus. The main aim here is to reveal the ideas of the community (whose collective memories are threatened with extinction) about being represented in the museum, and from this analysis to make constructive suggestions for the institution. It seems that the community cares about being identified as part of the city, but is indifferent to the institution of the museum, partly due to problems in the ways in which they are represented.
Traveling with Trained Man
Authors: Maher Katie
Published: October 2021

This article considers the railways as a decolonial option for moving toward mobility justice. It views the photographic artwork Trained Man by Ngalkban Australian artist Darren Siwes through a mobilities lens, considering how the artist plays with time and attends to space, making visible what colonial projects of protection and assimilation have attempted to erase. Attending to the truths and imaginaries that reside and move with Trained Man, it draws on the work of Aboriginal and Black artists, scholars, and activists to trace Australia's past and present colonial history of training Aboriginal people into whiteness. It considers the railways as carrying “two lines of destiny” with potential moving in both colonial and decolonial directions. The article concludes by suggesting that shared spaces such as the railways open possibilities for mobilizing the decolonial project.
Underwater
Authors: Tzanelli Rodanthi
Published: October 2021

A unique exhibition was held between 19 and 22 September 2018 in the deep blue waters of Amorgos, Greece.1 Amorgos is the easternmost of the Cyclades islands, neighboring the Dodecanese island group. The island's rich aquatic life and architectural beauty featured prominently in French director Luc Besson's internationally acclaimed English-language film on freediving, The Big Blue (Le Grand Bleu, 1988), transforming the island into an international destination for tourists and freedivers. The exhibition, Underwater Gallery: On a Single Breath, was installed at a depth of 7 to 17 meters inside a sea cave in the area of Aghios Pavlos, below the Monastery of Hozoviotissa. Hozoviotissa's famous top-floor window of the “big blue” opens to the Aegean Sea, affording visitors a bird's eye view to the Aegean. It is clear that the gallery's connection to Besson's artwork is indisputable.
Book Reviews
Authors: Baker Lucy , Castañeda Paola , Dalstrom Matthew , Datta Ankur , Joelsson Tanja , Jordi-Sánchez Mario , Kelly Jennifer Lynn , Zunino Singh Dhan
Published: October 2021

Nicholas A. Scott, Assembling Moral Mobilities: Cycling, Cities and the Common Good (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2020), 288 pp., 38 illus., $50

John Stehlin, Cyclescapes of the Unequal City: Bicycle Infrastructure and Uneven Development (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2019), 328 pp., 24 photos, 11 maps, 9 tables, $27

Cecilia Vindrola-Padros, Critical Ethnographic Perspectives on Medical Travel (New York: Routledge, 2019), 161 pp., $36.77

Nicola Frost and Tom Selwyn, eds., Travelling Towards Home: Mobilities and Homemaking (New York: Berghahn, 2018), 182 pp., 10 illus., 1 table, $110

Peter Cox, Cycling: A Sociology of Vélomobility (Abingdon: Routledge, 2019), 200 pp., 2 B/W illus., £120.00 (ebook £40.49)

Lesley Murray and Susana Cortés-Morales, Children's Mobilities: Interdependent, Imagined, Relational (London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2019), 307 pp., 10 illus., $89.99

Jocelyne Guilbault and Timothy Rommen, eds., Sounds of Vacation: Political Economies of Caribbean Tourism (Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2019), 234 pp., $25.95

John Krige, ed., How Knowledge Moves: Writing the Transnational History of Science and Technology (Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 2019), 408 pp., 11 illus., $40
State of Uncertainty
Authors: Wentzel Sigrid Irene
Published: October 2021

In July 2019, the village of Nizhniy Bestyakh in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutiya), the Russian Far East, was finally able to celebrate the opening of an eagerly awaited railroad passenger connection. Through analysis of rich ethnographic data, this article explores the “state of uncertainty” caused by repeated delays in construction of the railroad prior to this and focuses on the effect of these delays on students of a local transportation college. This college prepares young people for railroad jobs and careers, promising a steady income and a place in the Republic's wider modernization project. The research also reveals how the state of uncertainty led to unforeseen consequences, such as the seeding of doubt among students about their desire to be a part of the Republic's industrialization drive.
A Transatlantic Dialogue of the Tostoy Family Descendants, Participants in “The Golden Book of the Russian Emigration” Project
Authors: Ulyankina Tatiana
Published: October 2021

This article is devoted to the little-known but important details of a large-scale project of publishing a summarizing work on the life and activities of the post-1917 Russian emigration, named “The Golden Book of the Russian Emigration”. This project was conceived in the midst of the Society for the Protection of Russian Cultural Values Abroad in Paris (“OORKTs”) that was founded by D. P. Riabouchinsky, a prominent Russian émigré scientist in the field of aero and hydrodynamics, member of the French Academy of Science. In 1961, Riabouchinsky became the Chair of the Special European Executive Committee (Paris) for the Publication of the “Golden Book”. The American initiative group for the preparation and publication of the “Golden Book” was set up in September 1961. It was headed by Alexandra Lvovna Tolstaya, the daughter of Leo Tolstoy and president of the Tolstoy Foundation (US).
This article introduces for scientific use the previously correspondence between A. L. Tolstaya and Sergei Mikhailovich Tolstoy, Leo Tolstoy’s grandson, a doctor of medicine and deontologist, the author of works in tropical medicine and blood transfusion, who chaired the Special European Executive Committee for the Publication of the “Golden Book” since 1967. This correspondence that covers the period of 1966–1967 is concerned with establishing organizational relations between two centers of Russian dispersion, Paris and New York, and sheds light on the complicated workings of interpersonal relationships of project participants and on some causes of the project’s failure. The documents from two “Russian” archives in the USA, the Archive of the Russian Academic Group in the USA and the Archive of the Tolstoy Foundation, were used during the preparation of this article.
Kenya: Communities support adolescent reproductive health education
Authors:   Frontiers in Reproductive Health
Published: October 2021

Young people in Kenya have limited knowledge of reproductive health (RH) and face many challenges in their transition to adulthood. Chief among these challenges is the high prevalence of HIV/AIDS among adults and its increasing incidence among rural youth. In 1999, FRONTIERS initiated a three-year project in Kenya to test the feasibility, effectiveness, and cost of interventions to improve adolescent RH. The project, implemented jointly with the Kenyan government and the Program for Appropriate Technology in Health (PATH), was part of a four-country study that examined ways to improve knowledge, attitudes, and behavior of adolescents aged 10 to 19 years. The study took place in six rural communities in Kenya’s Western Province. Two sites received community and health interventions. Two additional sites also received a third school-based intervention, in which teachers, peer educators, and guidance counselors were trained to teach a “life skills curriculum” that included modules on RH, sexuality, and HIV/AIDS. Two control sites received the prevailing government services. As noted in this brief, community, health, and school interventions in rural Kenya increased understanding and discussion of adolescent RH, including prevention of HIV/AIDS, and encouraged safer sexual behavior among young people.
Senegal: Involve community networks in adolescent reproductive health
Authors:   Frontiers in Reproductive Health
Published: October 2021

Senegal is undergoing rapid urbanization, leading to changes in traditional social and family structure. With these changes there is a rise in early sexual activity among young adults, and increased exposure to unwanted pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections (STIs). In Senegal, where 28 percent of the population is 10–19 years of age, a renewed focus on reproductive health (RH) services appears timely. In 1999, FRONTIERS began testing the feasibility, effectiveness, and cost of several interventions to improve the RH of youth. The study took place in three urban communities in northern Senegal. Two served as intervention sites where community- and clinic-based interventions were offered (and in one a school-based intervention was included). One served as a control site. The community intervention included sensitization on adolescent RH for community and religious leaders, communication with parents, and education sessions. As part of the clinic-based intervention, providers and peer educators were trained to offer youth-friendly services. The school-based intervention trained teachers and peer educators to provide RH information to in-school and out-of-school youth. As noted in this brief, the intervention increased community awareness and improved young people’s knowledge.
Traditional birth attendants in maternal health programmes
Authors:   Population Council
Published: October 2021

Despite the tremendous resources invested in training Traditional Birth Attendants (TBAs) over the past two decades, scientific evidence from around the world has shown that training TBAs has not reduced maternal mortality. Any improvement observed when TBA training programs have been introduced was because of the associated supervision and referral systems, and the quality of essential obstetric services available at first referral level. Conversely, evidence has shown reduced maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality when women have a “Skilled Attendant” (a qualified health care provider who has midwifery or obstetric skills) present at every birth. Thus, national safe motherhood programs, including in Kenya, are now focusing on increasing the number of Skilled Attendants, whether a woman delivers in a facility or at home. Since TBAs are highly regarded by their communities, it is critical that they still be enabled to play a role in improving maternal health. As noted in this brief, the continued preference for TBAs in Western Province can be attributed to their proximity to the woman’s home, respectful attitude toward women, and flexible modes of payment. Problems can arise, however, when TBAs delay seeking skilled care for women in difficult labor.
3D-printed Poly-Lactic Co-Glycolic Acid (PLGA) scaffolds in non-critical bone defects impede bone regeneration in rabbit tibia bone
Authors: Lim Jin Xi , He Min , Chong Alphonsus Khin Sze
Published: October 2021

BACKGROUND: An increasing number of bone graft materials are commercially available and vary in their composition, mechanism of action, costs, and indications. OBJECTIVE: A commercially available PLGA scaffold produced using 3D printing technology has been used to promote the preservation of the alveolar socket after tooth extraction. We examined its influence on bone regeneration in long bones of New Zealand White rabbits. METHODS: 5.0-mm-diameter circular defects were created on the tibia bones of eight rabbits. Two groups were studied: (1) control group, in which the bone defects were left empty; (2) scaffold group, in which the PLGA scaffolds were implanted into the bone defect. Radiography was performed every two weeks postoperatively. After sacrifice, bone specimens were isolated and examined by micro-computed tomography and histology. RESULTS: Scaffolds were not degraded by eight weeks after surgery. Micro-computed tomography and histology showed that in the region of bone defects that was occupied by scaffolds, bone regeneration was compromised and the total bone volume/total volume ratio (BV/TV) was significantly lower. CONCLUSION: The implantation of this scaffold impedes bone regeneration in a non-critical bone defect. Implantation of bone scaffolds, if unnecessary, lead to a slower rate of fracture healing.
SE-Mask R-CNN: An improved Mask R-CNN for apple detection and segmentation
Authors: Liu Yikun , Yang Gongping , Huang Yuwen , Yin Yilong
Published: October 2021

Fruit detection and segmentation is an essential operation of orchard yield estimation, the result of yield estimation directly depends on the speed and accuracy of detection and segmentation. In this work, we propose an effective method based on Mask R-CNN to detect and segment apples under complex environment of orchard. Firstly, the squeeze-and-excitation block is introduced into the ResNet-50 backbone, which can distribute the available computational resources to the most informative feature map in channel-wise. Secondly, the aspect ratio is introduced into the bounding box regression loss, which can promote the regression of bounding boxes by deforming the shape of bounding boxes to the apple boxes. Finally, we replace the NMS operation in Mask R-CNN by Soft-NMS, which can remove the redundant bounding boxes and obtain the correct detection results reasonably. The experimental result on the Minneapple dataset demonstrates that our method overperform several state-of-the-art on apple detection and segmentation.
Aspek biopsikososial ibu hamil bersalin dan nifas terkonfirmasi covid-19: Rapid review
Authors: Syah Putri Silvia Rizki , Pratiwi Cesa Septiana , Kurniawati Herlin Fitriani , Rosida Luluk
Published: October 2021

World Health Organization (WHO) menyebut coronavirus disease yang ditemukan pertama kali di Wuhan dengan novel coronavirus 2019 (2019-nCoV) yang disebabkan oleh virus Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Ibu hamil, bersalin, nifas dan bayi baru lahir juga merupakan sasaran yang rentan terhadap infeksi Covid-19 (Kemenkes RI, 2020).Tujuan dari Rapid Review ini adalah untuk mengetahui ibu hamil, bersalin dan nifas yang terkonfirmasi Covid-19.Dari 12 Artikel yang didapatkan ibu hamil, bersalin dan nifas terkonfirmasi  Covid-19 dilihat dari aspek biologi, aspek psikologi dan aspek sosial. Tetapi masih diperlukan untuk mengivestigasi mendalam terkait pengalaman ibu hamil, bersalin dan nifas terkonfirmasi Covid-19.
Relationship Between Sexual Satisfaction and Mental Health in Married Older Women
Authors:   Department of Psychiatry, Kavosh Behavioural, Cognitive and Addiction Sciences Research Center, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran., Abdollahi Elahe , Shokrgozar Somayyeh ,   Department of Psychiatry, Kavosh Behavioural, Cognitive and Addiction Sciences Research Center, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran., Sheerojan Mahboobe ,   Department of Psychiatry, Kavosh Behavioural, Cognitive and Addiction Sciences Research Center, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran., Golshahi Mahboobe ,   Department of Psychiatry, Kavosh Behavioural, Cognitive and Addiction Sciences Research Center, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran., Zare Roghayyeh ,   Department of Psychiatry, Kavosh Behavioural, Cognitive and Addiction Sciences Research Center, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
Published: October 2021

Background: The aging population is increasing rapidly; therefore, paying attention to the needs of older people is necessary. Sexual satisfaction, which is needed to feel happy, is often neglected in older women. Objective: This study aims to evaluate the relationship between sexual satisfaction and mental health in older women. Materials and Methods: In this analytical study with a cross-sectional design, 195 married women aged ≥60 years covered by urban and rural health centers of Guilan, Iran were recruited using a cluster sampling method. A demographic form, the 28-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28) and a Sexual Satisfaction Questionnaire were completed by participants and collected data were analyzed in SPSS v. 22 software using descriptive statistics (frequency, mean, standard deviation, median), and Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis and Spearman correlation tests. Results: There was a significant relationship between sexual satisfaction and mental health in older women (P<0.0001). 51.2%, 27.7% and 21.08% of participants had low, moderate and high sexual satisfaction, respectively. Sexual satisfaction was directly related to monthly income (P<0.0001) and women’s and their husbands’ education (P<0.0001 and 0.006) while it was inversely related to physical illness (P=0.030), medication use (P=0.009), age (P<0.0001), number of children (P=0.022), and duration of marriage (P<0.0001). The median score of mental health in participants was 38 (ranging 24-53) and the percentage of participants with mental problems (79.4%) was higher than those without mental problems (20.6%). Conclusion: Mental health and sexual satisfaction in older women are directly related to each other; therefore, providing effective and appropriate sexual care programs is recommended for them.
Midwifery Students’ Learning Styles in Iran: A Review Study Based on Kolb’s Learning Theory
Authors:   Student Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran., Sourinejad Hadis , Haghani Fariba ,   Department of Medical Education, Medical Education Development Center, Medical Education Education Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran., Beigi Marjan ,   Department of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran., Adibmoghaddam Elham ,   Department of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.
Published: October 2021

Background: Identifying the factors that contribute to learning is one of the most important research goals. Learning style is one of these important and effective factors. The predominant learning styles of students in different universities of Iran are different. Objective: This study aimed to review the learning styles of midwifery students in Iran based on Kolb’s learning theory. Materials and Methods: In this review study, a search was conducted in Scopus, PubMed, Google Scholar, SID, and MagIran databases on articles published during 2000-2020 by using the keywords: Learning styles, midwifery students, and Kolb’s theory in Persian and English. Out of 28 eligible articles, 9 articles were finally reviewed. Results: Learning in midwifery students is usually done by using different styles, the most common of which was convergent style followed by assimilative style. Conclusion: The predominant learning styles of midwifery students in Iran are convergent and assimilative styles. While considering individual differences, educational planning and selection of teaching method should be done in a way that is appropriate for different learning styles of midwifery students and a variety of new and innovative teaching methods should be used.
Male Adolescents’ Health Needs in Iran and the Associated Factors
Authors:   Student Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran., Safardoost Amir Mohammad , Bostani Khalesi Zahra ,   Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran., Homaei Rad Enayatollah ,   Social Determinants of Health Research Committee, Poursina Hospital, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
Published: October 2021

Background: Attention to adolescent health is one of the Millennium Development Goals. Adolescent health planning to achieve an acceptable level of health and prevention of waste of capital should be based on attention to all aspects of health and performing needs assessment. Objective: This study aims to determine the health needs of male adolescents in Iran and the factors associated with their needs. Materials and Methods: This is a cross-sectional study. Participants were boys studying in the first and second year of high school in the fields of mathematics, experimental sciences, humanities, and technical sciences at public, non-profit, and gifted & talented schools in Rasht, Iran. The sampling was done using a multi-stage cluster sampling method. Data were collected by using a demographic form and the Male Adolescent Health Needs-Assessment Scale. Results: The boys’ Mean±SD scores of physical, sexual, mental, and social health needs was 49.65±0.15, 11.39±0.12, 89.28±0.29 and 47.3±0.24, respectively. Majority of them obtained excellent scores in physical (76%) and mental health (94%) needs and a good score in social health (81.3%) need, while they earned a moderate score in sexual health need (57.8%). Liner regression analysis results showed that the physical health need of boys had a statistically significant relationship with the type of study school (P= 0.001); their sexual health need with age (P= 0.002), type of study school (P= 0.015), mother’s education (P= 0.025), and mother’s occupation (P= 0.005); their mental health need with the type of study school (P= 0.009), birth rank (P= 0.048), father’s job (P= 0.021), and mother’s job (P= 0.022); and their social health need with the type of study school (P= 0.001). Conclusion: Most important health needs of male adolescents in Iran is sexual health need followed by social, physical and mental health needs. The most important factors related to their health needs are type of study school, mother’s job and education, birth rank, and father’s job. The results of this study can be effective and useful in designing and implementing need-based interventions to promote male adolescents’ health.
Analisis Perbedaan Return Saham Sebelum dan Sesudah Hari Libur Akhir Tahun
Authors: Firdaus Revo Gilang , Helty Reza Sabto
Published: October 2021

Stock returns experience movements based on fluctuating stock prices. This research aims to identify whether there is a disparity in stock returns before the year-end holidays and after the end of the year on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. This research method is carried out by collecting data on stock prices before the end of the year and stock prices after the end of the year from December 2016 to January 2021 by taking daily data (closing prices). The method of analysis used was SPSS software with descriptive statistics, normality test using Kolmogorov-Smirnov, and t test by using Paired Sample t-test. The outcome exhibit that the data were normally dispersed with the value of Asymp. Sig. 2-tailed of 0.200. In addition, the results of the hypothesis test with the t test resulted in a significance value of 0.636. This research indicates that there is no significant contrast in stock returns before & after the year-end holidays.
Disputas en torno al cierre de la escuela comunitaria Río Cenepa - Tauri Ecuador
Authors: Cevallos Enríquez María Belén
Published: October 2021

Esta investigación responde a la pregunta: ¿Cuáles son las disputas que giran en torno al cierre de la escuela comunitaria Río Cenepa de Tauri? Se fundamenta en los postulados del modelo EG de Thévenot y Boltanski, y aplica una metodología de carácter cualitativo mediante tres técnicas de recolección de información: consulta documental, observación participante y entrevista a profundidad. El artículo introduce el Plan de Reordenamiento de la Oferta Educativa y el cierre de las escuelas comunitarias en Ecuador, y especifica los hallazgos sobre las disputas de los actores frente al cierre de la escuela. La situación inicial, las disputas, las pruebas y los acuerdos son las categorías de análisis identificadas en el proceso de cierre de la escuela Río Cenepa.