bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Influence of Vermicomposting Technology on Solubility of Eppawala Rock Phosphate
Authors: S.H.S. Senarathne
Published: April 2020

The application of Eppawala Rock Phosphate (ERP) could be an economic alternative to the use of imported phosphorus fertilizer for certain annual as well as perennial crops like coconut in acid soils. But, its low solubility limits direct application. For Vermicomposting technology, which is a biodegradation process of plant and animal waste materials through earthworms, has been tested for increasing the solubility of ERP. Fresh Gliricidia leaves, fresh cow dung and grasses were mixed 1:2:1 ratio as the basic composting mixture and ERP was mixed at the ratio of 10% and 20% to the composting materials. Forty numbers of earthworms were added to each of the plastic containers with the composting mixture, having five replicates per treatment.      

         Addition of ERP in to mixture showed no effect on the multiplication rate of earth worms.  The nutrient availability of compost was measured with time and compared with the control (T1). Each treatment had the similar amount of nitrogen in the system and that indicates the addition of rock phosphate has a minimal effect or no effect on conversion or losses of available nitrogen.  Addition of ERP increased the availability of phosphorus and it was significantly higher in T4 and T3 than other treatments.  Available phosphorus value was significantly increased from 4% (T5 and T6) to 9 % in T3 and T4 treatments. Total potassium content decreased in all treatments compare with control.  Therefore, vermicomposting can be utilized to increase the solubility of ERP while increasing the available phosphorus in the end product.
Trafik Kazalarından Sonra Çocuklarda Görülen Psikososyal Etkiler ve Tedavi Yaklaşımları
Authors: Sarman Abdullah , Sarman Emine
Published: April 2020

Trafik kazası, kamuya açık veya özel bir karayolu üzerinde ya da çevresinde en az bir kişinin yaralanmasına veya ölmesine neden olan, hareket halindeki bir veya daha fazla aracın karıştığı bir çarpışma sonrası meydana gelen durum olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Her yıl bir milyondan fazla ölümle sonuçlanan, dünya çapında en önde gelen morbidite ve mortalite nedenlerinden biri olarak belirtilmektedir. Trafik kazalarının sıklığının yüksek olması önemli bir sorun olmaya devam etmesine neden olmakta ve konuya ilişkin ciddi önlemler alınmasını zorunlu hale getirmektedir. Trafik kazalarının olumsuz sonuçlarından etkilenen gruplardan biri de çocuklar ve ergenlerdir. Bu çalışmada, alanyazında konuya ilişkin yayınlanmış araştırmalar tespit edilip gözden geçirilerek, trafik kazaları sonrasında risk grubunda yer alan çocuk ve ergenlerde meydana gelebilecek psikososyal etkilerin belirlenmesi, trafik kazalarıyla ilgili toplumsal farkındalığın artmasına yardımcı olunması ve kısıtlı literatüre katkı sağlanması amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda Google Scholar, EBSCOhost, PubMed ve Science Direct veri tabanlarında “travma”, “travma sonrası stres”, “trafik kazası”, “yaralanma”, “psikososyal etki”, “çocuk” anahtar kelimeleri taranmıştır. Yapılan tarama sonucunda 1997-2019 yılları arasında yayınlanmış 10 makale tespit edilmiştir. Derlemeye alınan çalışmaların hedef kitlesi çocuk katılımcılardan oluşmuştur. İncelenen çalışma sonuçlarında trafik kazalarının çok sayıda ölüm, yaralanma ve sakatlıklara yol açması nedeniyle özellikle çocukların ciddi ve olumsuz, akut ve uzun süreli psikolojik sorunlar yaşayabileceklerine dair önemli kanıtlar olduğu belirtilmiştir. Trafik kazaları ve yaralanmaları sonrasında çocuk ve ailelerinin yakın takibi yaşanabilen bu tür psikososyal etkilerin erken dönemde tanımlanmasını kolaylaştırarak, yaşanabilecek olumsuzlukların önlenmesini sağlayacaktır.
Öğrenci Hemşirelerin İnternet Bağımlılık Düzeyleri ve Etkileyen Faktörler
Authors: ERBİL Nülüfer , GÜMÜŞAY Mehtap , SALMAN Eda
Published: April 2020

Amaç: Bu çalışma, öğrenci hemşirelerin internet bağımlılık düzeylerini ve etkileyen faktörleri saptamak amacıyla yapılmıştır.Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı tipteki araştırmanın örneklemine, hemşirelik bölümü 2., 3. ve 4. sınıfta öğrenim gören, çalışmaya katılmayı kabul eden 242 üniversite öğrencisi alınmıştır. Verilerin toplanmasında araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanan Kişisel Bilgi Formu ve İnternet Bağımlılık Ölçeği (İBÖ) kullanılmıştır. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde tanımlayıcı istatistiksel yöntemler, Mann-Whitney U testi, Kruskal Wallis testi ve Spearman Korelasyon analiz testi kullanılmıştır.Bulgular: Öğrencilerin yaş ortalamasının 21.19±1.57, %74’ünün kız öğrenci ve %36’sının 3. sınıf öğrencisi olduğu belirlenmiştir. Öğrencilerin internet kullanmaya başlama yaş ortalamasının 12.62±2.30 olduğu bulunmuştur. Öğrencilerin 8.09±2.65 yıldır kendilerine ait cep telefonları bulunduğu, %96.7’sinin akıllı telefon kullandığı, %74.4’ü en iyi teknolojik aletin akıllı telefon olduğunu belirttiği, %49.6’sının günde 2-4 saat internete bağlandığı belirlenmiştir. Öğrencilerin %93’ünün internete telefonla bağlandığı ve %71.5’inin en çok “sosyal medya kullanımı” için internete bağlandığı saptanmıştır. Öğrencilerin İBÖ toplam puan ortalamasının 34.16±11.57 olduğu belirlenmiştir. İBÖ kesme puanına göre, öğrencilerin %81.8’inde “düşük düzeyde”, %16.9’unda “orta düzeyde” ve %1.2’sinde “yüksek düzeyde” internet bağımlılığı olduğu bulunmuştur. Akıllı telefon kullanma süresi arttıkça internet bağımlık düzeyi ve sosyal ilişkilerde bozulma düzeyinin arttığı belirlenmiştir.Sonuç: Hemşirelik öğrencilerinin interneti daha çok sosyal medya için kullandığı ve beşte dördünün internet bağımlılık düzeylerinin düşük olduğu görülmüştür. Bununla birlikte akıllı telefon kullanma süresi arttıkça, internet bağımlılığı ve sosyal ilişkilerde bozulmanın arttığı belirlenmiştir.
Considerations regarding ice accretion on board ships and the influence on intact stability
Authors: Andrei Cristian
Published: April 2020

The main goal of the present paper is to highlight the main aspects of the ice accretion phenomenon and to illustrate the impact on the ship's intact stability based on a simulation carried out for a ship in a real loading condition.
Vertical stratification of phyllostomid bats assemblage (Chiroptera, Phyllostomidae) in a forest fragment in Brazilian Southwestern Amazon
Authors: Costa Silva Richarlly , Silveira Marcos , Verde Rair Sousa
Published: April 2020

Bats represent a key group in tropical forest dynamics, given their participation in ecological interactions that lead the regulation of these forests. They are also sensitive to the heterogeneous vertical gradient in the forest, called stratification. In this study we evaluated the influence of two different forest strata on species composition and bat guild structure. The samplings were carried out over eight nights in a forest fragment located in the southwest of the Amazon; we used mist nets installed in the understory and sub-canopy. A total of 197 captures were distributed in 19 genera and 25 species; they were all representatives of the family Phyllostomidae. In the sub-canopy, 54 individuals and 15 species were captured, with four exclusive species. In the understory, 143 individuals of 21 species were recorded, of which 10 were exclusive of this stratum. The sub-canopy presented a diversity index greater than the understory, with differences between species composition of the two assemblies, due to the presence or absence of some species. We also found a variation in the presence of frugivorous, insectivorous and omnivorous species, which is the result of differences in the foraging methods of these species and also of the habitat preference. Differences were verified in the assemblies studied, demonstrating the effects of vertical stratification on the bats in the studied fragment. Studies that consider more than one vertical stratum in tropical forests are more representative than sampling with only understory mist nets, given the capture of exclusive species.
Toulouse, août-octobre 1944 : le moment Maurice Chevance-Bertin
Authors: Weiss Stéphane
Published: April 2020

Que sait-on de l’action de Maurice Chevance, alias Bertin, dans le Sud-ouest de la France en 1944 ? Bien que l’intéressé soit un compagnon de la Libération, son activité reste peu étudiée. Elle a pourtant concerné plusieurs dizaines de milliers de combattants FFI. De plus, durant le bouillonnement de la Libération, elle s’est avérée originale, à la croisée de considérations militaires et politiques. Cet article propose de la décrire.
Le général Salan, l’armée et la guerre d’Algérie (1956-1958)
Authors: Valette Jacques
Published: April 2020

L’histoire militaire de la guerre d’Algérie montre une réalité : la difficulté du commandement à s’adapter à un monde de conflit nouveau : la guérilla et le terrorisme. Il fallut, à ces fins, modifier les structures de l’armée et ses conceptions tactiques. Les effectifs augmentèrent de façon importante et on changea de stratégie en insistant sur le quadrillage. Salan durcit l’effort militaire, car face à la guérilla, il fallait une guerre subversive.
Un « acte de guerre » dans le ciel italien ? La France, la Libye et le crash d’Ustica (27 juin 1980)
Authors: Bagnato Bruna
Published: April 2020

Le 27 juin 1980, à 20h59, un Douglas DC9, de la compagnie italienne ITAVIA, s’abîme en mer Tyrrhénienne près de l’île d’Ustica, au nord de la Sicile. Il n’y a aucun survivant parmi les 81 personnes à bord. Les causes de la tragédie n’ont jamais été éclaircies. La thèse de l’accident a été rapidement écartée pour faire place à d’autres thèses, notamment celle d’un tir de missiles d’un avion de chasse qui aurait abattu par erreur le DC9 en pourchassant un MIG 23 libyen qui se serait dissimulé derrière. Compte tenu des relations très complexes entre la France de Valéry Giscard d’Estaing et la Libye de Mouammar Kadhafi, la thèse d’une responsabilité française pour la catastrophe d’Ustica est avancée à plusieurs reprises. Cet article rappelle tout d’abord la politique de la France de Giscard à l’égard des pays de l’Afrique méditerranéenne puis analyse, sur la base de la documentation consultable, les réactions de Paris aux insinuations et aux soupçons d’une possible responsabilité française pour la tragédie d’Ustica dans les années 1986-1991.
Quantifier la qualité des soins. Une critique de la rationalisation de la médecine libérale française
Authors: Da Silva Nicolas
Published: April 2020

Avec la logique de quantification de la qualité du travail médical, les patients sont invités à faire confiance aux normes chiffrées déterminées par les agences de santé indépendantes – plutôt que de se fier à la relation personnelle avec leur médecin. Si cette nouvelle régulation ressemble à une rationalisation des pratiques, nous proposons de montrer en quoi il est utile de revenir sur la méthode de production de ces normes du travail médical et de questionner l’usage politique des essais cliniques randomisés. Après avoir rappelé les justifications théoriques et empiriques de la « rationalisation », nous défendons l’idée que la politique de quantification de la qualité des soins repose sur une épistémologie de la maladie arbitraire et une épistémologie des statistiques réductrice. Or cela n’est pas sans conséquences négatives, tant pour les professionnels que pour les patients.
Social Cost of Blindness Due to AMD and Diabetic Retinopathy in the United States in 2020
Authors: Moshfeghi Andrew A. , Lanitis Tereza , Kropat Georg , Kuznik Andreas , Gibson Andrea , Feng Haidong , Prenner Jonathan
Published: April 2020

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:

To estimate the social cost of blindness due to wet age-related macular degeneration (wAMD), diabetic macular edema (DME), and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) in the United States in 2020.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:

Excess costs that occur because of blindness were estimated as the difference in costs in blind versus non-blind individuals. Per-patient costs were aggregated using the number of cases of blindness due to wAMD, DME, and PDR projected in 2020.

RESULTS:

Associated annual excess direct costs, indirect costs, and quality-adjusted life year loss per blind individual were $4,944, $54,614, and 0.214, respectively. Combining estimates with 246,423 projected cases of blindness due to wAMD, DME, and PDR translated to total societal costs of $20 billion in 2020, estimated to triple by 2050.

CONCLUSION:

Excess social costs associated with blindness in individuals with wAMD, DME, and PDR are substantial, with more than half of the burden attributed to indirect costs.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2020;51:S6–S14.]
Medicina popular y plantas curativas. Bibliografía crítica ( 1883-1988)
Authors: Montero Curiel Pilar
Published: April 2020

Los estudios sobre medicina popular nacen a finales del siglo XIX en Escocia, de la mano de William George Black, que aporta en 1883 la primera obra extensa, titulada Folk-Medicine. Por esas mismas fechas proliferan en el resto de Europa estudios semejantes, que poco a poco van nutriendo esta faceta de la ciencia folclórica recién instituida. En este artículo se ofrece el comentario bibliográfico de una serie amplia de trabajos dedicados al análisis de la medicina popular en diversos países europeos y, fundamentalmente, España y Portugal, desde sus inicios hasta el año 1988.
Los antiguos hornos de vidrio madrileños
Authors: Peris Barrio Alejandro
Published: April 2020

La artesanía del vidrio tuvo en siglos pasados bastante importancia en la provincia de Madrid. Los principales hornos de vidrio madrileños funcionaron en Cadalso, Nuevo Baztán, S. Lorenzo de El Escorial, S. Martín de Valdeiglesias y Valdemaqueda. En estas dos últimas poblaciones se fabricaron vidrieras para las catedrales de Toledo y Segovia, respectivamente. En S. Lorenzo de El Escorial funcionó un horno con la finalidad principal de obtener vidrieras para la ornamentación del Monasterio. En los hornos de Cadalso se fabricaron piezas de gran valor artístico.
UMA INTRODUÇÃO À TEORIA INSTITUCIONAL DO PONTO DE VISTA SOCIOLÓGICO
Authors: Chaerki Karine Francisconi , Ribeiro Gutemberg , Ferreira Jane Mendes
Published: April 2020

O presente ensaio teórico tem por objetivo elucidar os elementos essenciais, níveis de análise epossibilidades de estudos que o institucionalismo organizacional traz aos estudos dasorganizações a despeito de sua tradição teórica. Para tanto, descrevem-se as variáveis-padrãoda respectiva teoria, como conceito de instituição; agência situada; processo deinstitucionalização; conceito de legitimidade; graus de isomorfismo; noção de campoorganizacional; conceito de organização; mudança institucional; empreendedorismoinstitucional; e lógicas institucionais. Em segundo lugar, pretende-se revelar propagações eincorporações de ideais e práticas institucionais. Para alcançar tais objetivos, foi realizada umapesquisa bibliográfica, por meio da qual foram coletados artigos nacionais e internacionais,publicados no período de 2010 a 2019, que abordaram a perspectiva institucional de análise.Ao todo foram utilizados 281 artigos que possibilitaram compreender os elementos essenciaisconsiderados para o presente estudo. Por fim, presumiu-se um panorama geral do que vemsendo estudado na área.
GRUPO FOCAL NA PESQUISA EM ADMINISTRAÇÃO: APLICAÇÕES EM ESTUDOS BRASILEIROS
Authors: Schneider Wilnei Aldir , Feuerschütte Simone Ghisi , Alperstedt Graziela Dias
Published: April 2020

O objetivo deste estudo é verificar como e para que fins as pesquisas da área de Administraçãopublicadas em periódicos brasileiros, entre 2011 e 2015, utilizaram o grupo focal como métodode coleta de dados. Para tal, realizou-se busca sistemática na literatura, na qual foramencontrados 44 artigos científicos que atendiam aos critérios pré-estabelecidos. Nestesdocumentos, buscou-se identificar, dentre outras questões, o campo de pesquisa, o tema sobreo qual o estudo foi desenvolvido e, mais especificamente, questões metodológicas,principalmente em relação à forma como o método de grupo focal foi utilizado. Comoresultados, observou-se que o grupo focal tem sido utilizado isoladamente, como único métodode coleta de dados, ou junto a outros métodos, tanto qualitativos, quanto quantitativos.Constatou-se, ainda, que o grupo focal tem sido utilizado para pesquisas em diferentes setores,principalmente na Administração Pública. Outro resultado é que a maior parte dos estudosutiliza o grupo focal ou para identificar pontos de vista sobre o assunto estudado, ou paracompreender o fenômeno em estudo. Uma questão que ficou evidente nos trabalhos analisadosé que metade deles apresenta detalhamento metodológico insuficiente, a ponto de impossibilitaruma averiguação tanto em relação ao uso do método quanto aos resultados atingidos
Preparation of Gelatin-Chitosan-Honey-Based Hydrogel for Potential Active Material of Wound Care Dressing Application
Authors: Kosimaningrum Widya Ernayati , Barleany Dhena Ria , Sako Vera Nita , Ristiyanti Riska
Published: April 2020

Hydrogel composed of gelatin, chitosan, and honey can be one of the right candidates for wound dressing application which provides both an antibacterial and a proper wound drainage management property to promote faster healing. Herein, preparation of hydrogel has been conducted by the physical blending of the solution of gelatin, chitosan, and honey at 40°C. Then, the mixture was cast to form hydrogel films by each 2-4 mm thickness and followed by drying at 37o C for 24 hours. The resulted hydrogels were characterized to confirm its potential as wound care dressing by measuring gel fraction, swelling index, and antibacterial activity. The gel fraction of the hydrogel composed of 10 and 20 grams of gelatin (each with 0.5 grams of chitosan and 20 grams of honey) was respectively 68.86 % and 65.68%. The hydrogel, composed of 20 g of gelatin and 7.5 g of chitosan, has shown the highest water retention capacity (swelling index) by 400 %. However, the presence of honey has slightly lowered both the gel fraction and swelling index of the resulted hydrogel. The antibacterial property of the resulting hydrogel in this work corresponds to the chitosan instead of honey and gelatin.
Physical and Mechanical Characterization of Polyvinyl Alcohol Nanocomposite Made from Cellulose Nanofibers
Authors: Yudhanto Ferriawan , Jamasri Jamasri , Rochardjo Heru Santoso Budi
Published: April 2020

A method using a combination of acid hydrolysis and ultrasonic homogenize were developed to obtain the CNF (cellulose nanofibers) from agave cantala fibers. Acid hydrolysis method able to produce the CNF with a diameter around of 45-50 nm, which can investigated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The homogenize mixing method between CNF 5 wt% colloidal and 3 wt% PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) with magnetic stirrer 350 RPM, at temperature of 50 °C, for 30 minutes followed by ultrasonic homogenizer has been causing CNF well distributed in the PVA matrix. PVA/CNF nanocomposites film was prepared by solution casting technique. Physical properties test by x-ray diffraction (XRD) and fourier transform infrared (FTIR) shows highly crystalline of CNF which indicates improvements the mechanical properties of PVA/CNF nanocomposite film. The tensile stress and elongation at break of PVA/CNF nanocomposite film were increased by 55 % and 137 %.
Activated Carbon Production Through Co-Pyrolysis of Vacuum Residue and Dehydrated Castor Oil
Authors: Munad Fachri , Supramono Dijan
Published: April 2020

Crude oil refineries in Indonesia produce waste in the vacuum distillation as vacuum residue and utilization is still low. Vacuum residue contains high aromatics which can be utilized as raw material to produce activated carbon. Such a activated carbon is widely used as electric double-layer capacitors. Vacuum residue was mixed with dehydrated castor oil as conjugated double bond source, then followed by pyrolysis at heating rate of 5°C/min until 450°C and holding time at 450°C for 90 minutes. The amount of dehydrated castor oil added to vacuum residue was varied at 0 wt%, 5wt%, 10 wt%, and 15 wt% of vacuum residue. Co-pyrolysis of vacuum residue and dehydrated castor oil reduce C/H atomic ratio precursors, from 1.82 to 1.50, 1.48, and 1.45 and used as a precursor of activated carbon. The activation was conducted by activating the precursor with KOH solution and followed by carbonization at heating rate of 5°C/min until 700°C and holding time at 700°C for 30 minutes. The results show that the addition of castor oil improved pore surface area from 150.32 m2/g to 236.97, 290.99, and 357.78 m2/g, respectively, and also have high crystallinity structures, so they may be used as active materials in capacitors.
Transesterification of Kapok Seed Oil (Ceiba pentandra) Using Heterogeneous Catalyst Bimetallic Oxide of Zinc and Copper Supported by γ-Alumina
Authors: Asri Nyoman Puspa , Prasetiyo W.D. , Kafidhu A. , Atiqoh A. , Puspitasari E.A. , Hindarso H. , Suprapto S.
Published: April 2020

Biodiesel was produced from Kapok seed (Ceiba pentandra) oil (KSO) using heterogeneous bimetallic oxide of copper and zinc supported by γ-alumina. The Alumina-supported copper oxide-zinc oxide (CuO-ZnO γ /- Al2O3) further notated by ACZ was synthesized using precipitation, impregnation and gel methods. It also was characterized using the X-ray diffraction (X-RD), and Brunauwer-Emmett Teller (BET) methods. Before being transesterified, KSO was subjected to pretreatment with the aim of minimizing gum and other impurities and reducing the concentration of free fatty acids. The activity test of ACZ catalyst was done by introducing it through the transesterification process of KSO with methanol. The transesterification process was carried out in a laboratory scale three neck flask. The effect of calcinating temperature (°C), and calcinating time of catalyst (h) on the yield of fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) were studied, respectively. The results revealed that the kapok seed oil was worthy and potentially to transesterified into biodiesel using ACZ catalyst with highest FAME yield of 46.67%.
Biosurfactant Screening of Halomonas meridiana BK-AB4 for Microbial Enhanced Oil Recovery
Authors: Putri Naya Prakasita , Sari Cut Nanda , Gozan Misri
Published: April 2020

Biosurfactant is produced by a certain microorganism to reduce surface tension. Microbial enhanced oil recovery (MEOR) is one of the many applications of biosurfactant. However, the biosurfactant for MEOR needs to be able to withstand the extreme environment of oil reservoirs with high temperature and high salinity. Halomonas meridiana BK-AB4 is a halophilic bacterium obtained from the Bledug Kuwu crater in Central Java, Indonesia. The similarity of both environment condition indicates the potential to produce suitable biosurfactant. This study evaluates the potential of Halomonas meridiana BK-AB4 in producing biosurfactant compared to several bacteria isolated from the crater. The blood agar test of Halomonas meridiana BK-AB4 exhibited greenish discoloration around the colony, indicating the ability of type α-hemolysis. The interfacial tension was measured using the Du Nouy ring method to represent the biosurfactant activity, with the results of 0.014 dyne/cm. These results showed that Halomonas meridiana BK-AB4 has a very good potential for producing biosurfactant for MEOR. The optimum time of the culture starter for production is 6 hours, as determined from the bacterial growth curve.
Determinants of unmet need for family planning among married women in Zambia
Authors: Mulenga James N. , Bwalya Bupe B. , Mulenga Mulenga C. , Mumba Kakoma
Published: April 2020

Unmet need for family planning remains a major family planning problem in most countries around the world. It presents serious consequences for the women, their families and society at large. This study was undertaken to establish the factors that affect total unmet needs for family planning and its components in Zambia. This study used the 2013/14 Zambia Demographic Health Survey (ZDHS) dataset focusing on currently married women aged 15 to 49. Data analysis took the form of descriptive, binary logistic and multinomial logistic regressions. The study shows that, although there has been a substantial increase in the use of contraceptives, combined unmet need for family planning has only decreased slightly over time, and currently stand at 21%, made up of 14% limiters and 7% spacers. Various factors were identified as determinants of unmet need for spacing, limiting or total unmet need for family planning. These included age, partner’s level of education, contraceptive side effects, husband opposition to contraceptives and number of living children. To enhance utilization, policy should not be blind to the respective factors that influence combined unmet needs for spacing and limiting.
Disinfestation of irrigated sheep pastures by alternating grazing with cattle
Authors: Reinecke R. K. , Louw J. P.
Published: April 2020

No abstract available.
'n Analise van informele veeartskonsultasies tydens radioprogramme
Authors: Odendaal J. S.J , Van Ark H.
Published: April 2020

A sample of informal consultations based on letters which were sent to a radio programme in which the theme was informal veterinary consultations were analysed. The animal-owner profile, the identification of animals involved and the need which motivated owners to seek such consultations were investigated. The results indicated that the most typical animal owner to participate in programmes of this nature was an adult woman living in the country and the most common animal involved was an intact male dog. The most common area of concern was ethological of nature. Behavioural problems were the most common ethological problem, followed by management and care. The significance of this study for the veterinarian is probably that it recognises the role and importance of informal consultations, that deficiencies in formal consultations are indicated and that it emphasises the need of readily available knowledge of ethology, that informal consultations are unsuitable for serious cases, and that informal consultations give further insight into human-animal interaction from a veterinary perspective.
The role of the veterinarian in the education and health of pre-school children
Authors: McCrindle Cheryl M.E.
Published: April 2020

Two surveys conducted in pre-schools (n=156) located in advantaged areas and disadvantaged areas in Pretoria, indicated that animals had social and psychological as well as educational value for pre-school children. All schools (n=156) utilised animals in some way for the education of pre-school children. Nineteen of the pre-schools in advantaged areas kept animals permanently at the school. All of these schools utilised the zoo. Only 3 of the schools in disadvantaged areas (n=106) were able to keep animals permanently on the premises although 69 would have liked to keep animals and 77 of the schools visited the zoo at least once a year. Limiting factors included lack of finances and facilities, lack of knowledge on animal management and anxiety about zoonoses. No cases of zoonotic disease in children were recorded. The species of animals utilised at the pre-schools differed from those found most commonly as household pets. Pre-schools favoured rodents, fish and birds rather than carnivores.The role of the veterinarian may include clinical treatment of the animals from the pre-school, advice on management and zoonosis prevention, pet-care counselling, communication with children and their parents in the consulting room, public health aspects and promotion of environmental education.
Audiencia en redes sociales de los debates televisados en las elecciones generales de abril de 2019
Authors: Fontenla-Pedreira Julia , Rúas-Araújo José , Conde-Vázquez Erica
Published: April 2020

Introducción: Se analiza el impacto en medios tradicionales y nuevos medios de los dos debates electorales televisados celebrados con motivo de las últimas elecciones generales de España de abril de 2019, en RTVE y Atresmedia, los días 22 y 23 de abril, respectivamente. Metodología: Se realizó una encuesta telefónica, con más de 8.000 llamadas, en las ciudades de Madrid, Barcelona, A Coruña y Vigo, de las que se obtuvieron 734 respuestas completas con un margen de error sobre el total de la muestra inferior al 4%. Resultados: Un 52% de los encuestados visualizó alguno de los debates, de los que casi un 28% consulta información adicional. De este conjunto, un 21% lo hizo a través de redes sociales, aunque la participación activa se situó en menos de la mitad (43,2%). Discusión y conclusiones: Existe una brecha de edad y género en el consumo de información sobre los debates televisados a través de redes sociales. Los internautas prefieren estas redes para informarse pero no participan activamente ni otorgan credibilidad a los datos ofrecidos en ellos. Los temas que suscitan mayor interés entre los usuarios de redes coinciden con los de los medios tradicionales.
Development of OCIPSE Learning Model to Increase Students’ Scientific Creativity in Natural Science Learning
Authors: Rizqi  , Prabowo  , Tjandra Kirana
Published: April 2020

This Research & Development (R & D) has the main goal to develop and produce OCIPSE learning model. The main product of this research is the OCIPSE learning model with five phases, they are 1) Orient and organize the students for study; 2) Collaborative Investigation; 3) Presentation and discussion; 4) Strengthening of scientific creativity; and 5) Evaluate and provide recognition. The OCIPSE learning model’ quality data is obtained through an expert validation process by using the OCIPSE learning model Qualification Assessment Instrument. The OCIPSE learning model quality analysis used an average validity score, single measures ICC, and Cronbach's coefficient alpha. The result of the research shows OCIPSE learning model with average content validity (3.69), construct validity (3.69), with the validity of each aspect statistically in (rα = .92) and reliability in (α = .87).  The results of this study indicate that the developed OCIPSE learning model was declared qualified by experts. The research implication is that a qualified OCIPSE learning model can be used to enhance the scientific creativity of junior high school students in natural science learning.
Developing Turnaround Maintenance (TAM) Model to Optimize TAM Performance Based on the Critical Static Equipment (CSE) of GAS Plants
Authors: Elwerfalli Abdelnaser , Khan M. Khurshid , Munive-Hernandez J. Eduardo
Published: April 2020

Many oil and gas companies have suffered major production losses, and higher cost of maintenance due to the total shutdown of their plants to conduct TAM event during a certain period and according to scope of work. Therefore, TAM is considered the biggest maintenance activity in oil and gas plant in terms of manpower, material, time and cost. These plants usually undergo other maintenance strategies during normal operation of plants such as preventive, corrective and predictive maintenance. However, some components or units cannot be inspected or maintained during normal operation of plant unless plant facilities are a totally shut downed due to operating risks. These risks differ from a company to another due to many factors such as fluctuated temperatures and pressures, corrosion, erosion, cracks and fatigue caused by operating conditions, geographical conditions and economic aspects. The aim of this paper is to develop a TAM model to optimize the TAM scheduling associated with decreasing duration and increasing interval of the TAM of the gas plant. The methodology that this paper presents has three stages based on the critical and non-critical pieces of equipment. At the first stage, identifying and removing Non-critical Equipment pieces (NEs) from TAM activity to proactive maintenance types. During the second stage, the higher risk of each selected equipment is assessed in order to prioritize critical pieces of equipment based on Risk Based Inspection (RBI). At the third stage, failure probability and reliability function for those selected critical pieces of equipment are assessed. The results of development of the TAM model is led to the real optimization of TAM scheduling of gas plants that operated continuously around the clock in order to achieve a desired performance of reliability and availability of the gas plant, and reduce cost of TAM resulting from the production shutdown and cost of inspection and maintenance.
Turkey and the Black Sea Economic Cooperation: Opportunities and Challenges
Authors: Gamawa Yusuf Ibrahim
Published: April 2020

This paper aims to analyse Turkey’s relationship with other states in the Black Sea region, and takes a look at reasons behind the formation of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation that was spearheaded by Turkey. The paper also highlights the importance of the region and the struggle by outside powers for influence in the region. These powers include Russia and the United states, alongside Turkey.
Adaptation of Traditional Festivals to Natural Resources Conservation Education: Lessons from Osun-Osogbo and Argungun Fishing Festivals in Nigeria
Authors: Olatumile Adekunle
Published: April 2020

Africa has been tagged a festival continent as year in year out, towns and villages witness cultural festivals throughout the year. These festivals are mostly concerned with resources conservation and utilization. The adoption of Western Model of conserving biodiversity in the trickle-down fashion has failed to yield reasonable result; whereas traditional festivals epitomize indigenous people’s respect and reverence for, and pragmatic understanding of, their natural environment. The quest of conserving biodiversity for sustainable development therefore calls for the integration of traditional festivals in sustainable resource management framework. In spite of the invaluable potentials of traditional festivals in biodiversity conservation as an indigenous resource management system, it has not been given a prominent place in the modern day scientific resource management framework. Using ethnographic research design, the paper exploits the natural resources conservation potentials of Osun-Osogbo and Argungun fishing festivals in Nigeria. Data are collected from archival, ethnographic and internet materials, as well as text books, pictures and information through interviews and observations. The paper presents an analysis of ways through which policy frameworks can benefit from festivals and how a wide audience can be reached with biodiversity conservation messages for the purpose of creating awareness. The paper develops a framework for ecosystem based adaptation, using indigenous festivals for the purpose of replicating it in every other community where such festivals do not exist and integrating it in festivals that are not based on natural resource conservation.
Role of Forensics in the Cases of Criminal Poisoning
Authors: Franjić Siniša
Published: April 2020

Forensics is a scientific discipline which deals with evidencing of criminal acts, and consists of a series of sub disciplines. One of them is forensic toxicology whose task is to detect the existence of poisons in the human body and existence of poisons in all areas where they should not be. Although rarely happens, the criminal act of Poisoning has to be investigated in accordance with the rules of criminal investigation and, due to the established facts, to raise the indictment and punish the perpetrator.
Basics of Acute Postoperative Pain
Authors: MD Alaa Ali M. Elzohry , Foli Ali M. El
Published: April 2020

Acute pain is an important fear for most patients and influences their recovery and overall experience. Poorly treated, it could lead to undesirable effects and patient dissatisfaction. Hence, it is important to understand, assess and treat acute pain effectively. Pain management has been transferred from intraoperative into per operative period throughout the emergence of modern anesthesiology. Pain management in postoperative period is one of the most essential components of sufficient post-surgical patients care. The objective of this review is to define and demonstrate the risks and different sequelae of acute post operative pain.
A Review on Design of Integrated Healthcare Model through Performance Excellence Methodologies
Authors: Ramayanam Srideepti , Acharayulu G.V.R.K , Prasad V.M.
Published: April 2020

Cost based care is evolving as a resolution to address increasing Healthcare costs, and to address the problem of clinical inefficiencies. ‘Cost based care’ therefore is designed to be patient centric. While ‘Cost based care’ helps in addressing the challenge of rising costs and making the care more affordable, it  comes with its own set of challenges for providers as they are paid for better patient outcomes in an evidence based way.  In the regimen of ‘Cost based care’ providers are grappling with reduced reimbursements. Providers are also required to track wide variety of measures to make the care more evidence based. Operations transformation for a healthcare systems means that it makes the processes, efficient, flexible and innovative to suit patient centric treatment models. To achieve this transformation by excluding wastes out of system, make the processes much more efficient, implementation of digital systems across the value chain of the hospital have become the area of focus. Shared Services alteration is a subclass of administrational transformation. It is has a lot of potential to smoke out costs, making operational processes much more efficient by rationalizing functions, like Human Resources, Pathology, Radiology, IT and Supply chain services at Hospitals. Administrational transformation aims to flush out costs, bring transformation in revenue cycle, and focus on Patient centric treatment modules. By implementing data visualization dashboards across the services would enable transparency and trust for patients.
Airside Capacity Utilization in a Nigerian Airport: A Case Study of Murtala Muhammed International Airport
Authors: M. S Stephens, , O.T Ayo Agunbiade
Published: April 2020

Airport Capacity generally refers to the ability of an airport to handle a given volume of traffic (demand) and should be assess to ensure they are adequate for lay down Standards. This study was based on the assessment of Airside Capacity Utilization at an International Airport; the Runway is the focus of this study. Capacities are very important and this dictates the level of patronage made by airlines at the Airport. Murtala Mohammed International Airport (MMIA) as a case study was examined; the domestic and international traffic flow well assessed on a daily basis, over a period of sixteen (16) years, to determine the traffic intensity of the airport was obtained from Federal Aviation Authority of Nigeria (FAAN) and Nigerian Airspace Management Agencies (NAMA). This experimental research involved the estimation of the traffic flow, installed capacity of the Runway, the intensity of traffic on hourly, daily, monthly bases. The model adopted for the research was Queue Theory. Findings show that the domestic wing generates more traffic flow than international wing of the Runway. The through put at the Runways shows that the runway is adequately utilized to accommodate existing traffic, expansion in the form of construction will not be necessary.
Iran’s Nuclear Decision Making and the Issue of Nuclear Non-Proliferation in the International System
Authors: Suleiman Ibrahim , Mohammed Hamza Shehu , Haruna Haruna Mohammed
Published: April 2020

This paper studies the reason for Iran’s nuclear decisions making by using the realist approach in the international politics, also the issue of nuclear non-proliferation in the international system and why the international system is totally against the Iran’s nuclear program? The study employs both primary and secondary sources as a method of data collection. The study reveals that that national interest should come first before any collective ones. The process which decisions are made is only determined by self-serving interests of those who possess power in the international system. The realist school of thought provides the critical opinions propounded by various political science scholars on power politics and national interest in the international system. According to Hans Morgenthau a classical realist scholar, society has to be governed generally by objective laws which are rooted in human nature. To him theory is necessary so that to bring order in the international politics, he rejected the idea of liberalism and idealism. Theory has to reflect the objective laws like power, military, diplomacy and norms of the society. First of all we have to look at the human nature which is seen as a rational, we have to examine through individual, group, and societal level because naturally human nature is selfish. Morgenthau defined the state as a collection of human beings who are self-interested, thus the state will have to deal with order interested states in the world politics. The aim of state in the international politics is pursuing national interest which is basically about power. He viewed international politics as a struggle for power.Thus, the realist scholars maintained that in the international politics, states happened to be the key actors and that politics is a conflictual, a struggle for anarchical environment in which nation-states defend on their own capabilities to survive.
Awareness and Readiness of Librarians towards the Use of Social Media for Information Service Delivery in Higher Institutions of Learning in Bauchi State
Authors: Yusuf Asma’u Muhammad
Published: April 2020

This paper examines the librarians’ awareness of social media, types of social media used by librarians, perception and readiness of librarians towards the use of social media, the level of use of social media and factors facilitating the use of social media in higher institutions library in Bauchi state. The rationale behind the subject matter (social media) was to expose librarians to the potentials of the use of social media in the library, particularly with regards to effective and efficient information service delivery to meet the ever growing demands and needs of sophisticated users. In doing this, quantitative research methodology using cross-sectional survey design was used which helped the researcher gather large amount of data that can be easily organised and manipulated into reports for analysis. A well developed and structured questionnaire was used to generate data from the respondents.
Factors Influencing Employee’s Turnover and Their Effects in the Malaysian Private Sector
Authors: Saidu Nasiru
Published: April 2020

The word “employee turnover is a crucial metric that is frequently integral to organizations’ personnel arranging and policy. The main rationale of this study is to discover out the legitimate reasons behind employees turnover and its consequences on the productivity of Malaysian manufacturing industries. Based on the indication of the coefficient shows that, the inverse relationship between the turnover intension, carrier promotion, price, personality and job match. On the off chance that the satisfaction level of utilizes in regards to their occupation is elevated, the turnover aim will be stumpy. More over if the level of carrier promotion, price, personality and job match is low; the widrawal intension will be higher. The paper recommend that management ought to utilize both sorts of compensation (Financial and non-Financial), appealing  package, convince allowance, group insurance, medical allowance, benevolent fund,  house rent, gratuity, and pension in financial remuneration and also match a job with the person caring out the job. The limitations of the study is that respondents are selected only faculty members of private business institutions on  convenience premise, speculation for the entire populace is not flawlessly fulfilled although random sampling is applied.
Human Resource Accounting and Shareholders Wealth Maximization: Empirical Study of Nigeria Quoted Manufacturing Firms
Authors: Stanley Diepiriye Davies,
Published: April 2020

This study empirically investigated the relationship between human resource accounting and shareholders wealth maximization of selected quoted manufacturing firms in Nigeria from 2000-2016.  Time series data was generated from the Annual Reports of the quoted firms. Twenty manufacturing firms were selected from the population of quoted manufacturing firms.  Two multiple regression models were specified and estimated with the aid of Software package for social services (SPSS). Return on investment was modeled as the function of capital and revenue expenditure components of human resource accounting. The generated collinearity diagnostics result shows that the Eigen values that correspond to the highest condition index and variable constant are consistent with the rule of thumb. The Durbin Watson test shows absence of auto-correlation. From the expenditure component, we found correlation coefficient of 71.3%, R2 and the Adjusted R2 shows that 50.8% and 36.0%. The explanatory power of the predictor variables shows that all the independent variables have positive but insignificant relationship with return on investment of the manufacturing firms except cost of human resource acquisition. The revenue expenditure proved   R2 and the adjusted R2 of 61.0% and 49.3% explained variation on return on investment. The coefficient of the independent variables proved that salaries, wages and bonus have positive relationship with return on investment of the selected manufacturing firms while commission and allowances have positive effect on return on investment. It concludes that human resource accounting has significant relationship with shareholders wealth maximization of the selected manufacturing firms. We recommend that all human capital expenditure should properly be accounted for and the need to investment on human capital of the firms.
Participative Management of Employees in Decision-Making: An Empirical Study
Authors: Kumar B. Ravi
Published: April 2020

Participative management of employees in decision-making is considered as a mechanism where workers have a say in the decision making process of an organization. In India WPM is an element of government labour policy. The concept behind this is to improve better relations among employees and workers. The present paper tries to explore about the workers participation in management in Visakhapatnam Steel Plant (VSP) by considering 604 respondent employees of steel plant in order to know their opinions regarding the above mentioned topics by using convenient sampling method, because VSP is big organization consisting of more than 20,000 employees (Both Permanent and Contract). All the employees are busy at their work and it will be difficult to collect the first hand information from the employees by using any other sampling methods except convenient sampling method.
Corporate Governance: An Islamic Institution Perspective
Authors: Islam K. M. Anwarul , Barghouthi Orobah Ali
Published: April 2020

This takes the paper into a discussion of some of the most crucial aspects of corporate governance, including its objectives, mechanisms and tools. One of the most important objectives is resolution of the principal/agent conflict of interest with a view to promote the interests of all stakeholders as well as the soundness and stability of the financial system. The most important mechanisms for this purpose are the Board of Directors, Senior Management, shareholders and depositors. The paper discusses the measures that need to be taken to make the Board and the Management more effective and accountable in the performance of their roles and to enable the shareholders and depositors to play a greater role in protecting their own interests. The paper then addresses some of the standard tools that are available for making the Board and the Management more effective and accountable.