bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pharmacological Characterization of SDX-7320/Evexomostat: A Novel Methionine Aminopeptidase Type 2 Inhibitor with Anti-tumor and Anti-metastatic Activity
Authors: Cornelius Peter , Mayes Benjamin A. , Petersen John S. , Turnquist David J. , Dufour Pierre J. , Dannenberg Andrew J. , Shanahan James M. , Carver Bradley J.
Published: March 2024

Methionine aminopeptidase type 2 (METAP2) is a ubiquitous, evolutionarily conserved metalloprotease fundamental to protein biosynthesis which catalyzes removal of the N-terminal methionine residue from nascent polypeptides. METAP2 is an attractive target for cancer therapeutics based upon its over-expression in multiple human cancers, the importance of METAP2-specific substrates whose biological activity may be altered following METAP2 inhibition, and additionally, that METAP2 was identified as the target for the anti-angiogenic natural product, fumagillin. Irreversible inhibition of METAP2 using fumagillin analogues has established the anti-angiogenic and anti-tumor characteristics of these derivatives; however, their full clinical potential has not been realized due to a combination of poor drug-like properties and dose-limiting central nervous system (CNS) toxicity. This report describes the physicochemical and pharmacological characterization of SDX-7320 (evexomostat), a polymer–drug conjugate of the novel METAP2 inhibitor (METAP2i) SDX-7539. In vitro binding, enzyme, and cell-based assays demonstrated that SDX-7539 is a potent and selective METAP2 inhibitor. In utilizing a high molecular weight, water-soluble polymer to conjugate the novel fumagillol-derived, cathepsin-released, METAP2i SDX-7539, limitations observed with prior generation, small molecule fumagillol derivatives were ameliorated including reduced CNS exposure of the METAP2i, and prolonged half-life enabling convenient administration. Multiple xenograft and syngeneic cancer models were utilized to demonstrate the anti-tumor and anti-metastatic profile of SDX-7320. Unlike polymer–drug conjugates in general, reductions in small molecule–equivalent efficacious doses following polymer conjugation were observed. SDX-7320 has completed a phase I clinical safety study in patients with late-stage cancer and is currently being evaluated in multiple phase Ib/II clinical studies in patients with advanced solid tumors.
Supplementary Table 9 from Tumor Microenvironment Landscapes Supporting EGFR-mutant NSCLC Are Modulated at the Single-cell Interaction Level by Unesbulin Treatment
Authors: Maroni Giorgia , Krishnan Indira , Alfieri Roberta , Maymi Valerie A. , Pandell Nicole , Csizmadia Eva , Zhang Junyan , Weetall Marla , Branstrom Art , Braccini Giulia , Cabrera San Millán Eva , Storti Barbara , Bizzarri Ranieri , Kocher Olivier , Daniela Sanchez Bassères Daniela S. , Welner Robert S. , Magli Maria Cristina , Merelli Ivan , Clohessy John G. , Ali Azhar , Tenen Daniel G. , Levantini Elena
Published: March 2024

Supplementary Table 9. Size of each identified cell type as a percentage of all profiled cells.
Supplementary Table 6 from Tumor Microenvironment Landscapes Supporting EGFR-mutant NSCLC Are Modulated at the Single-cell Interaction Level by Unesbulin Treatment
Authors: Maroni Giorgia , Krishnan Indira , Alfieri Roberta , Maymi Valerie A. , Pandell Nicole , Csizmadia Eva , Zhang Junyan , Weetall Marla , Branstrom Art , Braccini Giulia , Cabrera San Millán Eva , Storti Barbara , Bizzarri Ranieri , Kocher Olivier , Daniela Sanchez Bassères Daniela S. , Welner Robert S. , Magli Maria Cristina , Merelli Ivan , Clohessy John G. , Ali Azhar , Tenen Daniel G. , Levantini Elena
Published: March 2024

Supplementary Table 6. Size of each identified transcriptional cluster as percentage of all profiled cells.
Supplementary Table 4 from Tumor Microenvironment Landscapes Supporting EGFR-mutant NSCLC Are Modulated at the Single-cell Interaction Level by Unesbulin Treatment
Authors: Maroni Giorgia , Krishnan Indira , Alfieri Roberta , Maymi Valerie A. , Pandell Nicole , Csizmadia Eva , Zhang Junyan , Weetall Marla , Branstrom Art , Braccini Giulia , Cabrera San Millán Eva , Storti Barbara , Bizzarri Ranieri , Kocher Olivier , Daniela Sanchez Bassères Daniela S. , Welner Robert S. , Magli Maria Cristina , Merelli Ivan , Clohessy John G. , Ali Azhar , Tenen Daniel G. , Levantini Elena
Published: March 2024

Supplementary Table 4. Size of each identified cell type as a percentage of all profiled cells.
Supplementary Table 3 from Tumor Microenvironment Landscapes Supporting EGFR-mutant NSCLC Are Modulated at the Single-cell Interaction Level by Unesbulin Treatment
Authors: Maroni Giorgia , Krishnan Indira , Alfieri Roberta , Maymi Valerie A. , Pandell Nicole , Csizmadia Eva , Zhang Junyan , Weetall Marla , Branstrom Art , Braccini Giulia , Cabrera San Millán Eva , Storti Barbara , Bizzarri Ranieri , Kocher Olivier , Daniela Sanchez Bassères Daniela S. , Welner Robert S. , Magli Maria Cristina , Merelli Ivan , Clohessy John G. , Ali Azhar , Tenen Daniel G. , Levantini Elena
Published: March 2024

Supplementary Table 3. Size of each identified transcriptional cluster as percentage of all profiled cells.
Supplementary Figure S1 from Tumor Microenvironment Landscapes Supporting EGFR-mutant NSCLC Are Modulated at the Single-cell Interaction Level by Unesbulin Treatment
Authors: Maroni Giorgia , Krishnan Indira , Alfieri Roberta , Maymi Valerie A. , Pandell Nicole , Csizmadia Eva , Zhang Junyan , Weetall Marla , Branstrom Art , Braccini Giulia , Cabrera San Millán Eva , Storti Barbara , Bizzarri Ranieri , Kocher Olivier , Daniela Sanchez Bassères Daniela S. , Welner Robert S. , Magli Maria Cristina , Merelli Ivan , Clohessy John G. , Ali Azhar , Tenen Daniel G. , Levantini Elena
Published: March 2024

Supplementary Figure S1. BMI-1 inhibition affects cell cycle progression and tumor growth
FIGURE 5 from Tumor Microenvironment Landscapes Supporting EGFR-mutant NSCLC Are Modulated at the Single-cell Interaction Level by Unesbulin Treatment
Authors: Maroni Giorgia , Krishnan Indira , Alfieri Roberta , Maymi Valerie A. , Pandell Nicole , Csizmadia Eva , Zhang Junyan , Weetall Marla , Branstrom Art , Braccini Giulia , Cabrera San Millán Eva , Storti Barbara , Bizzarri Ranieri , Kocher Olivier , Daniela Sanchez Bassères Daniela S. , Welner Robert S. , Magli Maria Cristina , Merelli Ivan , Clohessy John G. , Ali Azhar , Tenen Daniel G. , Levantini Elena
Published: March 2024

Comparison of pulmonary healthy and diseased endothelial cells and fibroblasts characterize their distribution and tumor-specific interplays with START. A, Split t-SNE plot distribution of the four endothelial clusters identified in healthy lungs (left), Vehicle- (middle), and Unesbulin-treated tumors (right). Each color represents a defined transcriptional cluster. B, Histograms representing the percentage contribution of endothelial clusters per sample (healthy lungs, Vehicle- and Unesbulin-treated tumors). C, Venn diagram showing common and unique GO categories/ biological processes enriched in endothelial cells from each sample (healthy lungs, Vehicle- and Unesbulin-treated tumors). D, Heat map showing the predicted interactions between endothelial cells and START in Vehicle- (red) and Unesbulin-treated tumors (light blue). E, Heat map showing the predicted interactions between START and endothelial in Vehicle- (red) and Unesbulin-treated tumors (light blue). F, Sankey plot of the protumorigenic phenotypes promoted on START by endothelial-secreted ligands (left) and on endothelial cells by START-secreted ligands (right). G, Split t-SNE plot distribution of the fibroblast clusters identified in healthy lungs (left), Vehicle- (middle), and Unesbulin-treated tumors (right). Each color represents a defined transcriptional cluster. H, Histograms representing the percentage contribution of fibroblast clusters per sample (healthy lungs, Vehicle-, and Unesbulin-treated tumors). I, Venn diagram showing common and unique GO categories/biological processes enriched in fibroblasts from each sample (healthy lungs, Vehicle- and Unesbulin-treated tumors). J, Heat map showing the predicted interactions between START and fibroblasts in Vehicle- (red) and Unesbulin-treated tumors (light blue). K, Heat map showing the predicted interactions between fibroblasts and START in Vehicle- (red) and Unesbulin-treated tumors (light blue). L, Sankey plot of the protumorigenic phenotypes promoted on START by fibroblast-secreted ligands (left) and on fibroblasts by START-secreted ligands (right).
FIGURE 4 from Tumor Microenvironment Landscapes Supporting EGFR-mutant NSCLC Are Modulated at the Single-cell Interaction Level by Unesbulin Treatment
Authors: Maroni Giorgia , Krishnan Indira , Alfieri Roberta , Maymi Valerie A. , Pandell Nicole , Csizmadia Eva , Zhang Junyan , Weetall Marla , Branstrom Art , Braccini Giulia , Cabrera San Millán Eva , Storti Barbara , Bizzarri Ranieri , Kocher Olivier , Daniela Sanchez Bassères Daniela S. , Welner Robert S. , Magli Maria Cristina , Merelli Ivan , Clohessy John G. , Ali Azhar , Tenen Daniel G. , Levantini Elena
Published: March 2024

Deconvolution of healthy and diseased macrophage clusters demonstrates presence of interstitial and alveolar subpopulations and identifies tumor-specific cross-talks occurring in the malignant stem epithelial compartment. A, UMAP cluster distribution of macrophages from healthy lungs (n = 3, dark blue), Vehicle- (n = 10, red), and Unesbulin-treated tumors (n = 3, light blue), up to 30 days. B, Split UMAP distribution of the nine macrophage transcriptional clusters (C0–C8) identified in healthy lungs (left), Vehicle- (middle), and Unesbulin-treated tumors (right). Each color represents a defined transcriptional cluster. C, Histograms representing macrophage cluster percentage distribution per sample (healthy lungs in blue, Vehicle- and Unesbulin-treated tumors in red and light blue, respectively). D, Histograms representing the percentages contribution of macrophage clusters per sample (healthy lungs, Vehicle- and Unesbulin-treated tumors). E, KEGG analysis of identified signaling pathways differentially enriched in selected macrophage clusters (C0 and C2). F, Heat map showing AM and IM expressed genes in healthy macrophage clusters. UMAP plot representing the expression of the representative category-specific signature in AM (G) and IM (H). I and J, Heat maps showing the predicted interactions between AM clusters and START in Vehicle- (red) and Unesbulin-treated tumors (light blue). K, Sankey plot of the protumorigenic phenotypes promoted on START by alveolar C0 macrophage-secreted ligands (left) and on macrophages by START secreted ligands (right). L and M, Heat maps showing the predicted interactions between IM clusters and START in Vehicle- (red) and Unesbulin-treated tumors (light blue). N, Sankey plot of the protumorigenic phenotypes promoted on START by C2 IM-secreted ligands (left) and on macrophages by START secreted ligands (right).
Molecular Pathways of Colorectal Cancer Development: Mechanisms of Action and Evolution of Main Systemic Therapy Compunds
Authors: Pierantoni Chiara , Cosentino Lorenzo , Ricciardiello Luigi
Published: March 2024

Background: Colorectal cancer is known as one of the “big killers” in oncology given its burden in terms on morbidity and mortality. Since the second half of the last century, similarly to what happened for other solid tumors, a large series of cytotoxic molecules have been developed and tested to treat this disease. Summary: Following new discoveries in terms of colorectal cancer pathogenesis and specific pathways involved such as angiogenesis, a new series of drugs have been developed: targeted therapies. Key Messages: In this review, we will briefly describe colorectal cancer molecular biology and its main pathways in order to retrace the main stages of oncological treatment development for colorectal cancer from the first available treatments to novel approaches to the disease.
FPGA in hardware description language based digital clock alarm system with 24-hr format
Authors: Sayudzi Mohd Faris Izzwan Mohd , Hamzah Irni Hamiza , Malik Azman Ab , Idris Mohaiyedin , Soh Zainal Hisham Che , Rahim Alhan Farhanah Abd , Hadis Nor Shahanim Mohamad
Published: March 2024

Currently, digital clock adapts microprocessor or microcontroller system. Performance of speed and reconfigurability issue become a main concern in digital clocks. New additional feature may be introduced in digital clocks in the future. Field programmable gate array (FPGA) offer better performance of speed and reconfiguration features. Based on these advantages, it is essential to study or explore the digital clock with FPGA design. The objective in this study is to create a hardware description language (HDL)- based digital clock with alarm system and implement it onto the Altera DE2- 115 board. Using Verilog HDL language in Quartus Prime 20.1 Lite Edition software, all submodule components is developed and being test benched using ModelSim-Altera Starter Edition 13.1 to ensure the correct functionality. Then all inputs and outputs will be assigned through pin assignment in the software. For verification purpose, it will be downloaded to the Altera DE2-115 board. In conclusion, the file has been successfully implemented to the board and the digital clock with alarm is fully functional as expected. This was proved by the alarm signal, time adjustment and display of the three-display mode which is clock, alarm, and input where each mode carries their own functions as expected.
Agriculture data analysis using parallel k-nearest neighbour classification algorithm
Authors: Muninarayanappa Vimala , Ranjan Rajeev
Published: March 2024

A cost-effective and effective agriculture management system is created by utilizing data analytics (DA), internet of things (IoT), and cloud computing (CC). Geographic information system (GIS) technology and remote sensing predictions give users and stakeholders access to a variety of sensory data, including rainfall patterns and weather-related information (such as pressure, humidity, and temperatures). They have unstructured format for sensory data. The current systems do a poor job of analysing such data since they cannot effectively balance speed and memory usage. An effective categorization model (ECM) on agriculture management system is proposed to address this research difficulty. First, a classification technique called priority-based k-nearest neighbour (KNN) is provided to categorize unstructured multi-dimensional data into a structured form. Additionally, the Hadoop MapReduce (HMR) framework is used to do classification utilizing a parallel approach. Data from real-time IoT sensors used in agriculture is the subject of experiments. The suggested approach significantly outperforms previous approaches that are computing time, memory efficiency, model accuracy, and speedup.
A record of the Hoary Palmer Unkana ambasa (Moore, [1858]) (Insecta: Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae) from Assam, India
Authors: Bohra Sanath Chandra , Bharali Manmath , Kalita Puja , Roy Rita
Published: March 2024

We report confirmed sightings of a lesser known hesperiid butterfly namely Hoary palmer Unkana ambasa (Moore, 1858) from Assam, India based on a first photographic evidence of an uncollected adult specimen from Nilachal (Kamakhya) hills, leading to the range extension of the species by approximately 222 km from its nearest previously known locality i.e., West Bengal, India. Prior to this communication, there was only a single photographic record of U. ambasa from the State based on an egg laid on the top of a leaf which was observed and documented by Paresh Churi on 15 April 2019 in Rani.
Sighting of Large Branded Swift Pelopidas sinensis (Mabille, 1877) (Hesperiidae: Hesperiinae) in Delhi, India
Authors: Chaudhary Rajesh , Sohail Madan
Published: March 2024

The Large Branded Swift Pelopidas sinensis is commonly found in the Himalaya and northeastern India, but it hasn’t been documented in northwestern India, characterized by arid or semi-arid climates. Here we highlight a recent observation: three individuals of P. sinensis were sighted in Delhi during July, amidst the monsoon season. This communication not only reports this noteworthy sighting but also explores the potential reasons behind the presence of this butterfly species in Delhi.
Celebrating 25 years of building evidence for conservation
Authors: Sanjay Molur
Published: March 2024

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Safety and Feasibility of a “Fast‐Track” Monitoring Protocol for Patients Treated With Intravenous Thrombolytic Therapy
Authors: Fukuda Keiko A. , Shah Kavit , Kenmuir Cynthia , Barnagian Derrick , Nawash Baraa , Desai Shashvat , Rocha Marcelo , Starr Matthew , Roach Eileen , Henry Stephanie , Molyneaux Bradley J. , Jadhav Ashutosh P.
Published: March 2024

Background

Our health care systems continue to face significant strain due to chronically taxed intensive care resources. A subgroup of patients following thrombolytic stroke may not require prolonged intensive monitoring, alleviating some burden. Here, we describe the safety, feasibility, and utility of a Fast‐Track Protocol (FTP) for early deescalation of high‐acuity monitoring.

Methods

We compared a prospective cohort of patients on the FTP at our stroke centers from April 2020 to February 2022 to a similar retrospective cohort. Those who presented with a National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale  <10 and without large‐vessel occlusion or flow‐limiting stenosis, intravenous antihypertensive use, and any hemodynamic or respiratory concerns were eligible. Primary outcomes included early neurologic deterioration, defined as worsening of National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score of ≥4 points at 24 hours, parenchymal hemorrhage, and symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage.

Results

Of 574 patients undergoing thrombolysis, 119 (21%) were eligible for the FTP. A total of 100 (88%) were included for analysis. The median±interquartile range hospitalization was 2.0±1.6 days. None of the 4 cases of early neurologic deterioration were due to hemorrhage. No symptomatic intracranial hemorrhages occurred, and no patients on the FTP were transferred back to the intensive care unit. Median±interquartile range 90‐day modified Rankin scale score was 1±1.

Conclusion

FTP is a safe and feasible strategy to triage intensive care unit patients and decrease unnecessary intensive care unit monitoring. This is important in a postpandemic era as intensive care unit resources continue to fluctuate. Future studies are needed to establish the optimal level of monitoring in patients following thrombolysis.
Drift Analysis with Fitness Levels for Elitist Evolutionary Algorithms
Authors: He Jun , Zhou Yuren
Published: March 2024

The fitness level method is a popular tool for analyzing the hitting time of elitist evolutionary algorithms. Its idea is to divide the search space into multiple fitness levels and estimate lower and upper bounds on the hitting time using transition probabilities between fitness levels. However, the lower bound generated by this method is often loose. An open question regarding the fitness level method is what are the tightest lower and upper time bounds that can be constructed based on transition probabilities between fitness levels. To answer this question, we combine drift analysis with fitness levels and define the tightest bound problem as a constrained multiobjective optimization problem subject to fitness levels. The tightest metric bounds by fitness levels are constructed and proven for the first time. Then linear bounds are derived from metric bounds and a framework is established that can be used to develop different fitness level methods for different types of linear bounds. The framework is generic and promising, as it can be used to draw tight time bounds on both fitness landscapes with and without shortcuts. This is demonstrated in the example of the (1+1) EA maximizing the TwoMax1 function.
Four new species of the plant bug subfamily Phylinae from Taiwan (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Miridae)
Authors: Yasunaga Tomohide , Duwal Ram Keshari
Published: March 2024

Four new species of the plant bug subfamily Phylinae are described from Taiwan, namely Atractotomoidea badiorubra sp. n. and A. elongata sp. n. (tribe Nasocorini); Compsidolon lini sp. n. (Phylini); and Decomioides luteoparva sp. n. (Decomiini). An annotated checklist, including updated distributional records for all Taiwanese phyline taxa, is also provided. Two species of the genus Moissonia Reuter, M. larutensis Yasunaga and M. takaii Yasunaga, are reported from Taiwan for the first time. A new combination, Atractotomoidea lanceus (Li & Liu, 2008) comb. n., is herein proposed.
The return of the forgotten: redescription and new data on the distribution of Acnemia sibirica Ostroverkhova, 1979 (Diptera: Mycetophilidae)
Authors: SUBBOTINA ELENA , MAKSIMOVA YULIA , POLEVOI ALEXEI
Published: March 2024

The description of Acnemia sibirica was published by G.P. Ostroverkhova in her 1979 monograph. The species, however, was mistakenly given as it had been described in 1978. Moreover, it was not explicitly indicated as a new species (except in the legend for the figure of male terminalia), and type specimens were not designated. Evidently, due to confusion with the original description, the species was not mentioned in the recent literature and was not included in the online taxonomic databases. Anyway, the name complies with the availability criteria according to the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, and hence the species should be treated as Acnemia sibirica Ostroverkhova, 1979. The identity of the species can be reliably established based on the original figures by G.P. Ostroverkhova and on preserved slides. The species is here redescribed, and illustrations of the male terminalia for both type and new specimens are provided. Lectotype and paralectotypes are designated. New data on species’ distribution are reported.
A new genus and species of Platypodini pinhole borers from South America (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Platypodinae)
Authors: KIRKENDALL LAWRENCE R.
Published: March 2024

I describe Amplioscapus new genus for Amplioscapus mirabilis new species represented by 164 specimens collected from tropical forests of the Amazon Basin and Guiana Shield. The new genus differs from all other Neotropical Platypodini genera in the antennae being inserted at the upper margin of the eyes in females; in the extraordinarily expanded antennal scape with dense long setae; in the numbers of transverse rugae on the protibiae; and in the numbers of small teeth on the anterior margin of the impression at the distal ends of the metanepisternum and metaventrite. The new pinhole borer genus is most similar to Megaplatypus Wood; in addition to the characters mentioned previously, the new genus differs from all known Megaplatypus in the pair of large mycangia on the female pronotum and the strongly alternating lengths of the elytral interstriae of males. Most individuals were taken from low elevations. Host records for specimens taken from cut trees show the new species to be a host generalist. The vast majority of specimens were captured by flight intercept traps, Malaise traps or canopy fogging, underlining the importance of passive trapping for tropical insect biodiversity surveys.
A novel multiple sex chromosome system in Orthoptera, found in the tree cricket Oecanthus rubromaculatus Zefa, 2022 (Grylloidea, Oecanthidae)
Authors: ZEFA EDISON , ACOSTA RIULER CORRÊA , KRETSCHMER RAFAEL , TIMM VÍTOR FALCHI , SILVA ANELISE FERNANDES E , ADAMOLI JAILSON VIEIRA , SZINWELSKI NEUCIR , COSTA MARIA KÁTIA MATIOTTI DA
Published: March 2024

The X0♂/XX♀ sex chromosome system prevails in most Orthopteran species. The X chromosome stands as one of the largest chromosomes within the complement, and is characterized by its heterochromatic nature. Variations of this model were found in some species of grasshoppers, crickets, and katydids, based on X/autosome rearrangements, giving rise to new sex chromosome systems, such as neo-XY♂/XX♀ and neo-X1X2Y♂/X1X1X2X2♀. The sex chromosome system neo-X1X20♂/X1X1X2X2♀ is rare in Orthoptera, and was observed only in two cricket species. In this study, we present the first multiple chiasmatic sex chromosome system in Orthoptera, found in the tree cricket Oecanthus rubromaculatus Zefa, 2022 from two distinct locations in the State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. In one location, individuals exhibited a karyotype with 2n = 12, X1X2Y1Y2♂/X1X1X2X2♀, while in the other a karyotype of 2n = 12, X1X2X3Y1Y2Y3♂/X1X1X2X2X3X3♀ was observed. We proposed a model to explain the evolutionary steps in the formation of these karyotypes, based on chromosomal information of the Neotropical Oecanthus’ species. In this context, we proposed a hypothesis to explain the chromosome reorganization in O. rubromaculatus, starting from an ancestral karyotype of 2n = 21, X0♂, like the karyotype found in Oecanthus pictus Milach & Zefa, 2015, resulting in a significant reduction to 2n = 12 in O. rubromaculatus. This reorganization has led to the emergence of the novel multiple sex chromosome system in Orthoptera.
Cantharis zapatai nom. nov., an overlooked species of Cantharis Linnaeus, 1758 from Central Spain (Coleoptera: Cantharidae)
Authors: VALENZUELA ENRIQUE , BAENA MANUEL
Published: March 2024

Cantharis zapatai nom. nov. is proposed for Cantharis schrammi Pic, 1918, which is a primary homonym of Cantharis paulinoi var. schrammi Pic, 1907. The male of the species is redescribed, and the female is described here. The aedeagus and several external features are illustrated, and the species is compared with the closest relatives. Cantharis zapatai nom. nov. differs from its congeners by the characteristic spot in the vertex, yellowish pronotum and elytra, and black scutellum and appendages. The species is known from three localities of west central and central Spain (Iberian Peninsula), Guadalupe (Cáceres) (type locality), Puerto del Milagro (Toledo) and Fuencaliente (Ciudad Real). A key to the Iberian species of the genus Cantharis is provided.
Enhancing Clinicopathological Diagnosis of Hydatidiform Mole Through the Combined Application of Histomorphologic Analysis, Immunohistochemical Analysis of p57 Expression, and Short Tandem Repeat Typing Method
Authors: Meng Yiting , Yang Xi , Yang Jianghui , Yin Hongfang
Published: March 2024

This study aims to assess the early histomorphologic characteristics and investigate the role of the p57kip2 protein combined with STR genotyping for pathological diagnosis and typing of the hydatidiform mole (HM). A total of 73 induced abortion tissues were collected for
pathological evaluation, including 14 cases with partial HM (PHM), 7 cases with complete HM (CHM), and 52 cases with non-molar pregnancies. Histopathological examination of moles was conducted using hematoxylin and eosin staining. DNA extraction from paraffin sections was performed using Fe3O4
nano-magnetic beads. Molecular diagnosis was performed using STR genotyping. Immunohistochemical analysis was used to determine the distribution and expression level of p57kip2 protein in HM. Significant differences were observed in the morphological indices of villous edema, cistern
formation, trophoblastic inclusions, and trophoblastic hyperplasia between the PHM and CHM groups (P < 0.05). The central cistern formation and the trophoblast inclusion showed a significant difference between the HM and non-molar pregnancy (P < 0.05). Moreover, our findings
revealed that p57kip2 expression contributed to distinguishing CHM from PHM. However, it could not distinguish PHM from non-mole pregnancy. Furthermore, the results of STR genotyping were consistent with pathological typing. In conclusion, the integration of pathomorphology, immunohistochemical
staining, and molecular diagnostics holds great value for the diagnosis and classification of HM.
Linggui Zhugan Decoction: A Potential Weight Reduction Solution via Gut Microbiota and Cinnamic Acid Metabolites
Authors: Sun Zhengbang , Liu Chunmei , Wang Meiling , Li Hairong , Su Yu , Xu Shihua , Chen Size , Zhang Li , Yang Yubin
Published: March 2024

Linggui Zhugan Decoction (LGZGD) has demonstrated promising potential in the treatment of obesity, prompting further investigation. In a study involving sixty-nine obese patients who received LGZGD for two months, changes in body composition, gut microbiota, and plasma metabolomics
were assessed. An animal experiment with ob/ob mice assessed LGZGD and antibiotics’ effects on body weight, fat mass, gut microbiota, and metabolomics. Clinical results showed LGZGD reduced body weight, fat, and waist-to-hip ratio, improved gut microbiota diversity favoring beneficial
strains, and revealed Cinnamic acid presence in non-targeted plasma metabolomics. In obese mice, LGZGD effectively reduced body weight and fat mass, with this effect attenuated in microbiota-depletedmice. The treatment also influenced gut microbiome composition, aligning it more closely with
that of normal mice. Non-targeted metabolomics analysis identified various metabolites in stool and plasma, including Cinnamic acid. In vitro experiments demonstrated that Cinnamic acid, devoid of toxicity, inhibited lipid synthesis and improved lipid metabolism in adipocytes. The immunofluorescence
demonstrated Cinnamic acid activated the expression of Uncoupling protein 1 in differentiated adipocytes in a dose-dependent way. This study suggests that LGZGD’s weight-reduction effects are mediated through interactions with gut microbiota and its metabolites. Activating the browning
of white adipocytes maybe the underlying mechanism.
[ARTICLE WITHDRAWN]Clinical Diagnostic Value of PIMREG on Vicious Phenotype of Liver Cancer Cells and Tumorigenic Ability of Nude Mice
Authors: Zhang Lei , Peng Kaiyun , Gao Aijun
Published: March 2024

THIS ARTICLE WAS WITHDRAWN BY THE PUBLISHER IN JUL 2024
Targeted and Therapeutic Efficacy of 5-Fluorouracil-Loaded Polylactic Acid Nanocomplexes in Gastric Cancer
Authors: He Guangsi , Zhang Jian , Hu Jiahai , Wang Weifei , Wei Jie
Published: March 2024

Gastric cancer (GC), arising from gastric mucosal cells, necessitates innovative treatment strategies beyond conventional surgical approaches. While 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) has demonstrated efficacy in various cancers, its lack of selectivity for cancer cells and limited half-life pose
challenges. This study focuses on assessing the therapeutic potential of 5-FU-loaded L-polylactic acid (PLLA) nanofibers (NFs) for targeted GC treatment. The preparation of 5-FU/PLLA NFs involved refining the drug delivery approach to enhance drug impact on GC cell proliferation and apoptosis.
Utilizing an organic phase separation methodology, 5-FU was incorporated into PLLA NFs, and the NF morphology was examined using scanning electron microscopy, with optical microscopy used for diameter measurement. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and differential scanning calorimetry
(DSC) explored binding state and PLLA crystallinity. Drug loading (DL) capacity and in vitro release characteristics were evaluated by UV-visible spectrophotometry, while NF degradation and stability were assessed. The human gastric adenocarcinoma (AGS) cell line was employed in cell
experiments, with three groups: normal culture (Normal group), single drug treatment with 5-FU (5 μmol/L, 5-FU group), and 5-FU-loaded PLLA group (5-FU/PLLA group) containing 5 μmol/L 5-FU. Cell Counting Kit-8 gauged cell proliferation and viability, and Annexin V-FITC/PI
assay determined cell apoptosis. Results revealed a (1,230.8±18.9) nm diameter for 5-FU/PLLA NFs with 18.3% crystallinity. FTIR and DSC analyses indicated a simple physical mixture of 5-FU and PLLA in 5-FU/PLLA. DL capacity was (18.1±2.3)%, with a DL efficiency of (92.5±9.4)%.
in vitro release performance of 5-FU/PLLA surpassed that of raw 5-FU. The mass loss rate of 5-FU/PLLA was consistent across different pH buffer solutions, with a stable drug release (DR) rate over various storage times. In cell experiments, both 5-FU and 5-FU/PLLA groups exhibited reduced
proliferation and viability compared to the Normal group, with higher apoptosis rates (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the 5-FU/PLLA group showed decreased proliferation and viability compared to the 5-FU group, accompanied by higher apoptosis rates (P < 0.05). In conclusion, 5-FU-loaded
PLLA NFs, with excellent DR properties, demonstrated significant inhibitory and cytotoxic effects on GC cells.
Progress in the Utilization of Nanobody CAR-T Cell in Cancer Immunotherapy
Authors: Jiang Qian , Shi Wei , Liu Heng , Luo Huiguan , Yang Xiaomei , Lu Xiaoling
Published: March 2024

Chimeric antigen receptor-modified T cells (CAR-T cells) therapy is a groundbreaking cancer immunotherapy that has demonstrated remarkable therapeutic results. CAR-T cells typically utilize single-chain variable fragments (scFv) from monoclonal antibodies (mAb) as their primary structural
component for targeting antigens. Recently, scientists have discovered that nanobody (Nb), which possesses the advantages of low molecular weight, strong stability, high affinity, and low immunogenicity, can be utilized to target structural domains to develop novel therapies. In preclinical
and clinical trials, Nb CAR-T cell therapy has shown effects comparable to those of conventional CAR-T cell therapy. The main focus of this study is to provide an overview of Nb CAR-T cell target selection, use, and advancements in clinical research for the immunotherapy of hematological and
solid malignancies.
Reconciling Roles of External Forcing and Internal Variability in Arctic Sea Ice Change on Different Time Scales
Authors: Shen Zili , Duan Anmin , Zhou Wen , Peng Yuzhuo , Li Jinxiao
Published: March 2024

Two large ensemble simulations are adopted to investigate the relative contribution of external forcing and internal variability to Arctic sea ice variability on different time scales since 1960 by correcting the response error of models to external forcing using observational datasets. Our study suggests that previous approaches might overestimate the real impact of internal variability on Arctic sea ice change especially on long time scales. Our results indicate that in both March and September, internal variability plays a dominant role on all time scales over the twentieth century, while the anthropogenic signal on sea ice change can be steadily and consistently detected on a time scale of more than 20 years after the 2000s. We also reveal that the dominant mode of internal variability in March shows consistency across different time scales. On the contrary, the pattern of internal variability in September is highly nonuniform over the Arctic and varies across different time scales, indicating that sea ice internal variability in September at different time scales is driven by different factors.
Life Dissatisfaction and the Right-Wing Populist Vote: Evidence from the European Social Survey
Authors: Lindholm Annika , Lutz Georg , Green Eva G. T.
Published: March 2024

This study identifies life dissatisfaction and related political attitudes as predictors of right-wing populist voting in Europe. Using survey data from 14 countries (2012–2018, N = 54,263), we find that life dissatisfaction links to negative attitudes on immigration and, in many countries, also to political distrust, and relates through these attitudes to a right-wing populist vote. By proposing a well-being framework to explain right-wing populist demand, we broaden the focus of discontent taken in previous research on psychological antecedents of populism. We suggest that low subjective well-being among the electorate has political relevance and could become a threat to the future of liberal democracy.
State of the Art: Advances in Hernia Care
Authors: Hope William W.
Published: March 2024

The field of hernia surgery has seen many recent advances and continues to evolve. Care of the hernia patient begins preoperatively by ensuring adequate preparation for surgery with surgeons now having the opportunity to accurately predict risk which can aid with informed consent. Imaging studies can now help surgeons diagnose and plan hernia surgery on an individual level based on hernia characteristics as well as abdominal wall musculature. In the operating room, new technology and surgical techniques have allowed surgeons to become increasingly sophisticated with goals of reducing tension on midline closures, utilizing minimally invasive and robotic techniques, and availability of new and varied mesh prosthetics. While modest improvements in outcomes have been witnessed by these advances, there is still opportunity for improvement which will be realized by continued research, use of registries, and education and training. Hernia prevention strategies focusing on minimally invasive surgery, laparotomy closure, and the use of prophylactic mesh will also help with the burden of incisional hernias. These advances in hernia surgery have led to the new field of Abdominal Core Health which helps represent this evolving and growing new subspecialty of general surgery.
Pesticide Identification Using Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy and Density Functional Theory Calculations: From Structural Insights to On-Site Detection
Authors: Hermsen Andrea , Hertel Florian , Wilbert Dominik , Gronau Till , Mayer Christian , Jaeger Martin
Published: March 2024

Pesticides play an important role in conventional agriculture. Yet, their harmful effects on the environment are becoming increasingly apparent. The occurrence of pesticides is hence being monitored worldwide. For fast, easy, yet sensitive identification, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is a powerful tool. In this study, a method is introduced that may be amended to in-field detection of pesticides. Gold and silver nanoparticles were synthesized, size-tailored, and characterized. The herbicide paraquat and the fungicide thiram served as model compounds. The preparation yielded reproducible SERS spectra. Using quantum chemical computation, Raman and SERS spectra were calculated and analyzed. The interpretation of vibrational modes in combination with SERS enhancement and attenuation allowed us to identify compound-specific bands. The assignment was interpreted in terms of the orientation of paraquat and thiram on the gold and silver nanoparticle surfaces. Paraquat preferred a co-planar arrangement parallel to the gold nanoparticle surface and a head-on orientation on the silver nanoparticle. For thiram, breaking of the disulfide bond was recognized, such that interaction with the surface occurred via the sulfur atoms. Successful detection of the pesticides after recollection from vegetable leaves demonstrated the method's applicability for pesticide identification.
Neural Networks Based on Synthesized Training Data for the Automated Detection of Chemical Plumes in Passive Infrared Multispectral Images
Authors: Chen Zizi , Small Gary W.
Published: March 2024

Automated detection of volatile organic compounds in the atmosphere can be achieved by applying pattern recognition analysis to passive infrared (IR) multispectral remote sensing data. However, obtaining analyte-active training data through field experiments is time-consuming and expensive. To address this issue, methodology has been developed for simulating radiance profiles acquired using a multispectral IR line-scanner mounted in a downward-looking position on a fixed-wing aircraft. The simulation strategy used Planck's radiation law and a radiometric model along with the laboratory spectrum of the target compound to compute the upwelling IR background radiance with the presence of the analyte within the instrumental field-of-view. By combining the simulated analyte-active radiances and field-collected analyte-inactive radiances, a synthetic training dataset was constructed. A backpropagation neural network was employed to build classifiers with the synthetic training dataset. Employing methanol as the target compound, the performance of the classifiers was evaluated with field-collected data from airborne surveys at two test fields.
Counter-professionalisation in collective childcare: The case of communities of care in Barcelona
Authors: Maestripieri Lara , Gallego Raquel
Published: March 2024

Post-industrial transformations have significantly reshaped how young children are cared for outside the family home. Among other factors, the labour market participation of young mothers and a concomitant wish for intensive mothering have led to more diversified childcare solutions for the under-threes. Collective childcare projects (CCPs) promote approaches that are based on a home-like care environment and are run by educators and parents who have usually not trained in formal institutions but who become professionals in informal communities. Applying a discursive approach, this article asks: what characterises professionalism in CCPs? What type of professionalisation is being pursued? We analyse the case of Barcelona, using 45 interviews with association representatives, policymakers, campaigners, educators and parents. Our findings show the important role played by communities of care in defining professionalism and in consolidating a counter-professionalisation ethos, while evidencing their reluctance to pursue formal professionalisation.
Book review: Dhananjay Rai, M.K. Gandhi: Poorna Swaraj, Constructive Programme: Its Meaning and Place
Authors: Thakur Akash Singh
Published: March 2024

Dhananjay Rai, M.K. Gandhi: Poorna Swaraj, Constructive Programme: Its Meaning and Place. Gurugram: Penguin/Vintage Books, 2023, lxxxviii + 220 pp., ₹599 (Hardcover). ISBN: 9780670098279.
Book review: Abhishek Choudhary, Vajpayee: The Ascent of the Hindu Right 1924–1977
Authors: Ranjan Rupesh
Published: March 2024

Abhishek Choudhary, Vajpayee: The Ascent of the Hindu Right 1924–1977. Pune: Picador, 2023, 432 pp., ₹899.
A new approach to MPPT hybrid incremental conductance-sliding mode control for PV grid-connected
Authors: Messaoudi Fethi , Farhani Fethi , Zaafouri Abderrahmen
Published: March 2024

As photovoltaic energy is clean, renewable, and less noisy, it is increasingly integrated into the grid. This integration aims to overcome energy deficits and get rid of pollution from conventional sources. In this paper, a two-stage configuration of PV energy conversion to a three-phase grid has been studied. The control of this configuration can be divided into two parts, such as DC bus control and AC bus control. The DC bus is controlled by MPPT control. The AC bus is controlled by DC link voltage control, phase-looked loop control, and voltage source inverter control. The contribution in this study aims to improve the quality of energy injected via a new hybrid approach to MPPT control. The proposed control is a combination of robust sliding-mode control and incremental inductance. Unlike conventional hybridization, the proposed control estimates correct the error upon entry of the conductance incremental control. This correction provides an adaptive incremental step for increment conductance control. The proposed control is compared with three other controls under MATLAB/Simulink. Such as incremental conductance, variable step size incremental conductance, and conventional hybrid MPPT incremental inductance-sliding mode control. The simulation results show a remarkable minimization of the ripple phenomenon and the chatter phenomenon. Thus, the quality of the energy injected into the network is improved, such as by reducing the total harmonic distortion of the current and increasing efficiency.
Bookshelf: Kappan authors on their favorite reads
Authors: McDaniel-Hall Gloria , Weisling Nina F.
Published: March 2024

In this regular column, Kappan authors recommend favorite books and articles. Gloria McDaniel-Hall and Nina F. Weisling recommend The Four Pivots: Reimagining Justice, Reimagining Ourselves by Shawn A. Ginwright and Peter W. Cookson recommends The Dialectic of Freedom by Maxine Greene.
Safe, seen, and ready to learn
Authors: McDaniel-Hall Gloria , Weisling Nina F.
Published: March 2024

For far too many students, schools are not places of belonging. This is due, in part, to the cultural mismatch between schools and students that, despite even the best of intentions, too often leads to student harm and negative student outcomes. Gloria McDaniel-Hall and Nina F. Weisling provide insights for understanding why belonging is vital to student learning, how teachers can recognize when they fall short of building spaces where all students feel they belong, and suggestions for starting to learn, unlearn, and relearn so that all students feel safe, seen, and ready to learn.
Disrupting disparities in school discipline
Authors: Tefera Adai A. , Siegel-Hawley Genevieve , Sjogren Ashlee , Naff David
Published: March 2024

Schools across the country are grappling with vocal resistance to educational equity efforts, while disparities, including racial disproportionality in school discipline, persist. In this research-practice-partnership project, Adai A. Tefera, Genevieve Siegel-Hawley, Ashlee Sjogren, and David Naff learned of the ways educators and leaders across three distinct schools adopted and engaged in widespread discipline interventions and practices that often failed to consider race, culture, and context — issues central to racial disproportionality in discipline. To counter these race-evasive interventions and practices, they offer recommendations for leaders, educators, and students to engage in race-conscious discipline to advance more just school policies and practices.
“Why Is Your Interpretation of My Experience the Only One That Counts?” A Comparison of Providers’ and Young Women's Perceptions of Their Needs
Authors: Rosenbaum Jill Leslie
Published: March 2024

This article draws on the author's 2023 Western Society of Criminology Paul Tappan Award address on her seminal work with adolescent girls in Flint Michigan. Echoing the major theme from that address, the article focuses on the need for practitioners and academics to collaborate and more actively engage in targeting programs relevant to the needs of young women. The Flint study identified great discrepancies between providers and girls regarding program relevancy and effectiveness, underscoring the importance of including adolescent girls’ voice in program development and evaluation, which is finally being addressed in contemporary programming.
The Concordance of Electronic Health Record Diagnoses and Substance use Self-Reports Among Reproductive Aged Women Enrolled in a Community-Based Addiction Reduction Program
Authors: Campbell Angela G. , Naz Saman , Gharbi Sami , Chambers Joanna , Denne Scott , Litzelman Debra K. , Wiehe Sarah E.
Published: March 2024

Substance use disorders among reproductive aged women are a major public health issue. There is little work investigating the validity and reliability of electronic health record (EHR) data for measuring substance use in this population. This study examined the concordance of self-reported substance use with clinical diagnoses of substance use, substance abuse and substance use disorder in EHR data. Reproductive age women enrolled in the Community-Based Addiction Reduction (CARE) program were interviewed by peer recovery coaches (PRC) at enrollment. That survey data was linked with EHR data (n = 102). Concordance between self-reported substance use and clinical diagnoses in the EHR was examined for opioids, cannabis/THC, and cocaine. Cohen’s kappa, sensitivity, and specificity were calculated. The survey captured a higher number of women who use substances compared to the EHR. The concordance of self-report with EHR diagnosis varied by substance and was higher for opioids (17.6%) relative to cannabis/THC (8.8%), and cocaine (3.0%). Additionally, opioids had higher sensitivity (46.2%) and lower specificity (76.2%) relative to cannabis/THC and cocaine. Survey data collected by PRCs captured more substance use than EHRs, suggesting that EHRs underestimate substance use prevalence. The higher sensitivity and lower specificity of opioids was due to a larger number of women who had a diagnosis of opioid use in the EHR who did not self-report opioid use in the self-report survey relative to cannabis/THC and cocaine. Opioid self-report and diagnosis may be influenced by research setting, question wording, or receipt of medication for opioid use disorder.