bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Beliefs on Languages Teaching-Learning: Relevant Aspects to Research During Initial Teacher Education
Authors: Kinoshita Luciana
Published: September 2023

This study deals with people’s beliefs in the foreign language teaching-learning process during the initial teacher education of foreign language teachers. We produced a substantiated integrative review from references related to foreign languages with an emphasis on English. The objective is to expose relevant considerations for the investigation of beliefs in the aforementioned context so that (future) students, teachers, and/or researchers who wish to examine the subject have an initial guide to use. To this effect, we conducted a bibliographical study about beliefs using the publications of Fives and Gill (2014), Kalaja (2015), Kinoshita (2018), and Majchrzak (2018), among others. The results indicate that the study of beliefs is necessary for understanding the language teaching-learning process in more diverse contexts, not only in initial teacher education.
A Importância dos Espaços Lúdicos e do Processo Pedagógico Desenvolvido pelos Educadores: Parâmetros para o Processo de Projeto de Arquitetura e Urbanismo
Authors: Queiroz Alessandra Natali , Jesus Nathalia Alves de , Stefanini Caroline
Published: September 2023

A ludicidade desenvolve a imaginação, a socialização e a percepção do mundo, contribuindo para a construção da identidade e da autonomia do ser humano. Quando as crianças brincam, imaginam e aprendem, desenvolvem-se como cidadãs. Através do lúdico elas reproduzem situações do seu cotidiano e a partir desse comportamento desenvolvem sua identidade. Diante dessas informações compreende-se a importância dos espaços lúdicos e educadores para o desenvolvimento infantil, por meio de um viés, que avalia a interação da criança com o meio. O principal objetivo é a elaboração de parâmetros qualitativos para a avaliação do potencial de ambientes de educação e ludicidade. A estrutura metodológica deste estudo de natureza qualitativa, descreve uma pesquisa bibliográfica e de campo que analisa e enfatiza o potencial da ludicidade na educação pré-escolar, a fim de auxiliar constantes melhorias nos aspectos projetuais de ambientes educacionais. Por meio de levantamentos e análises de escolas que oferecem potenciais espaços lúdicos, constatamos que uma pequena e escassa minoria de instituições de ensino, de fato, podem ser classificadas como potencialmente lúdicas educadoras. Isso evidencia que poucos são os edifícios educacionais públicos e privados preparados para uma formação humana tão necessária na atualidade.
Impactos e Desafios do Ensino da Saúde em Tempos de Covid: Uma Revisão Sistemática
Authors: De Oliveira Almeida Elzenir Pereira , Melo Alana Candeia , Melo Aristeia Candeia
Published: September 2023

Introdução: I
dentificar quais foram os impactos e os desafios mais evidentes para o ensino nos cursos voltados à área da saúde no período específico de pandemia por COVID-19.
Métodos: 
Revisão Sistemática que
usou o protocolo PRISMA. Foi utilizado o acrônimo
PEO.
Os estudos científicos foram selecionados por meio das bases de dados:  Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS) e Scientific Electronic Library Online. Foram selecionados os termos em português e inglês: remote teaching and teacher training (ensino remoto e formação de professores); remote teaching and COVID (ensino remoto e COVID) and teacher training (formação de professores); remote teaching and COVID and COVID e teacher training (ensino remoto e COVID e COVID e formação de professor).
Resultados:
foram encontrados 52 artigos e selecionados 11 que apresentaram coerência com a pergunta norteadora, com os critérios delimitadores de inclusão e d
e acordo com as etapas de triagem e critérios de elegibilidade. Conclusão: 
Os achados desta revisão indicaram que a realidade epidemiológica no mundo afetada pela COVID 19 impactou na prática pedagógica dos docentes, visto que em uma escala de tempo muito curta, o modelo de aula tradicional foi substituída por aulas remotas, diante da medida de biossegurança que obrigou o distanciamento social. O novo cenário delineado pelo uso das tecnologias, aponta que houve avanços no processo educacional, considerando que exigiu de professores e estudantes um novo olhar para o processo de ensino e aprendizagem, com a mediação com tecnologia de informação e comunicação.
Methodological Aspect of Using Distance Learning Platforms in the Educational and Research Activities of Future Higher Education Students
Authors: Tytarenko Olha , Sribna Yuliia , Borysova Tetiana , Tytarenko Valerii , Tytarenko Valentyna , Kulyk Yevhen , Tsyna Andryi
Published: September 2023

The article identifies the pedagogical prerequisites for the use of distance learning (DL) system for students in the educational environment (pedagogical conditions determine the reasons for the transition from the classical to the distance education system; social prerequisites are expressed in the development of society and pedagogical science, the need to solve the problems of the education system itself in the educational environment). The authors also identified the specifics of student learning within the distance learning system in the modern knowledge-intensive environment (the focus of the educational process on the development of research, project, and innovation skills). The research involved the elaboration and experimental testing of a pedagogical model of distance learning in the educational environment based on systemic, synergistic, cybernetic, personality-oriented, and competence-based approaches. This model includes the following components: aims and goals of use; means of achieving them; results and outcomes of activities, content of pedagogical activity, technologies, and available resources. The authors have substantiated the stages of modeling a student's distance learning system in the educational environment (the stage of designing a pedagogical model of DL, the stage of DL functioning (the stage of information and technical support, the stage of filling the DL platform with educational content, the stage of implementation and progressive development), the stage of evaluating the DL results). The paper defines the criteria and indicators for assessing the level of student competencies formation within the distance learning system in the educational environment. It identifies and substantiates the pedagogical conditions for implementing the distance learning system in the academic environment. The article also reveals the pedagogical conditions for the implementation of the distance learning system in the educational environment (the focus of the educational process on the skills formation of research, project, and innovation activities; interaction with external and internal partners in the process of research, project and innovation activities; availability of a system for monitoring the results of project and innovation activities at all stages of its implementation) can be implemented in the teaching of students in science-intensive sectors in other universities.
The predictive effect of language achievement on multiple emotions in languages other than English: validating a distal mediation model based on the control-value theory
Authors: Zhao Xian , Lan Guoxing , Zhang Hanwen
Published: September 2023

Although the predictive effect of emotion on language achievement has been substantially established, little is known about whether language achievement could, in turn, shape a constellation of emotions in second language/L2 learning, especially in the field of languages other than English. Given this, grounded on the control-value theory, this tentative study aims to fill the gap by investigating the predictive effect of language achievement on emotions (enjoyment, boredom, and anxiety) and digging into the mediating relationships between them in the underlying L2 Chinese learning mechanism through structural equation modeling. Three hundred and seven (N = 307) young students from a cram school in New Zealand participated in this study. The results indicated that students’ learning achievement, directly and indirectly, predicted three frequently experienced emotions in the multiple mediation model. In addition, positive and negative emotions interacted with each other in the L2 Chinese learning context. The finding of this study validated and extended the application of control-value theory in L2 Chinese learning.
Study of pore-throat structure characteristics and fluid mobility of Chang 7 tight sandstone reservoir in Jiyuan area, Ordos Basin
Authors: Zhang Quanpei , Qi Hongpeng , Huo Yong , Li Yong , Li Tao , Zhang Duoduo , Lin Kun , Yang Chen , Tong Jian , Zhao Hui , Suo Busen , Xue Yalan , Yi Caiping
Published: September 2023

Quantitative studies of the pore-throat structure (PTS) characteristics of tight sandstone reservoirs and their effects on fluid mobility were proposed to accurately evaluate reservoir quality and predict sweet spots for tight oil exploration. This study conducted high-pressure mercury injection (HPMI) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments on 14 tight sandstone samples from the Chang 7 member of the Yanchang Formation in the Jiyuan area of the Ordos Basin. The HPMI was combined with the piecewise fitting method to transform the NMR movable fluid transverse relaxation time (T
2) spectrum and quantitatively characterize the PTS characteristics and the full pore-throat size distribution (PSD). Then, movable fluid effective porosity (MFEP) was proposed to quantitatively evaluate the fluid mobility of tight sandstone reservoirs and systematically elucidate its main controlling factors. The results showed that the PTS could be divided into four types (I, II, III, and IV), which showed gradual decreases in average pore-throat radius (R
a), continuous increases in the total fractal dimension (D
t), and successive deterioration of reservoir fluid mobility and percolation capacity. Moreover, the full PSD (0.001–10 μm) showed unimodal and multi-fractal characteristics. According to the Swanson parameter (r
apex), the reservoir space types can be divided into small and large pore-throat and the corresponding fractal dimension has a relationship where D
1
< D
2. Large pore-throat had higher permeability contribution and pore-throat heterogeneity but a lower development degree and MFEP than small pore-throat, which had a relatively uniform and regular PSD and represented the primary location of movable fluids. Moreover, the development degree and heterogeneity of small pore throat controlled the flowability of reservoir fluids. MFEP can overcome the constraints of tiny throats and clay minerals on movable fluid, quantify the movable fluid content occupying the effective reservoir space, and accurately evaluate the reservoir fluid mobility. The combination and development of various pore-throat sizes and types in tight sandstone reservoirs results in different PTS characteristics, whereas differences in the mineral composition and content of reservoirs aggravate PTS heterogeneity, which is the main factor controlling the fluid mobility.
RBPome identification in egg-cell like callus of Arabidopsis
Authors: Liu Liping , Trendel Jakob , Jiang Guojing , Liu Yanhui , Bruckmann Astrid , Küster Bernhard , Sprunck Stefanie , Dresselhaus Thomas , Bleckmann Andrea
Published: September 2023

RNA binding proteins (RBPs) have multiple and essential roles in transcriptional and posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression in all living organisms. Their biochemical identification in the proteome of a given cell or tissue requires significant protein amounts, which limits studies in rare and highly specialized cells. As a consequence, we know almost nothing about the role(s) of RBPs in reproductive processes such as egg cell development, fertilization and early embryogenesis in flowering plants. To systematically identify the RBPome of egg cells in the model plant Arabidopsis, we performed RNA interactome capture (RIC) experiments using the egg cell-like RKD2-callus and were able to identify 728 proteins associated with poly(A+)-RNA. Transcripts for 97 % of identified proteins could be verified in the egg cell transcriptome. 46 % of identified proteins can be associated with the RNA life cycle. Proteins involved in mRNA binding, RNA processing and metabolism are highly enriched. Compared with the few available RBPome datasets of vegetative plant tissues, we identified 475 egg cell-enriched RBPs, which will now serve as a resource to study RBP function(s) during egg cell development, fertilization and early embryogenesis. First candidates were already identified showing an egg cell-specific expression pattern in ovules.
California’s electric grid nexus with the environment
Authors: Niswander Geoffrey , Xydis George
Published: September 2023

California’s electric grid has established and allowed for a large swathe of land with varying topography, geology, and biota to become inhabited and maintained at a level of modernization that most Americans have become accustomed to in the 21st century. However, while the residents, commerce, and overall populations of both have increased and progressed, the energy infrastructure that supports them has not. Instead, in some instances, the transmission infrastructure has ignited fires in the state’s wildlands – some with devastating effects – the point sources of power production have aged and not necessarily kept up with a shifting climate or demanded load, and new sources of power generation and energy storage have not penetrated the energy marketplace fast enough or to great effect. This paper delineates just a portion of some of California’s trials in the coming years as it transitions to a decarbonized electric grid and light-duty fleet. Most calculations were carried out using data prior to December 31, 2019 and generically treats succeeding data (2020–2021) as unrepresentative of former years or unlikely to be accurate of the years succeeding the Corona Virus Outbreak of 2020.
Records of Crab-eating fox Cerdocyon thous (Linnaeus, 1766) (Carnivora, Canidae) in Rondônia, Brazil
Authors: Ferreira Dayse Swelen da Silva , Oliveira Marcela Alvares , Goebel Larissa Gabriela Araujo , Andriolo Aline , Pommer-Barbosa Raul Afonso , Mattos Fábio de Souza , Barnett Adrian Ashton
Published: September 2023

We report the first records of Cerdocyon thous on the left bank of the Madeira river, extending its distribution to more than 10 km to the N–W. We carried out a survey of official information present in scientific articles, technical reports, and management plans for conservation units in the state of Rondônia, and accessions to the iNaturalist. Our records show C. thous occurs widely in state, even in busy urban areas such as the area surrounding the international airport of Porto Velho. This highlights the importance of monitoring the fauna present in the urban fragments of Amazonian cities.
Lateral compression behavior of expanded polypropylene foam–filled carbon and glass fiber composite tubes
Authors: Özsoy Mehmet İskender , Yalçın Muhammet Muaz
Published: September 2023

The crashworthiness and deformation behavior of circular composite tubes that were internally supported with expanded polypropylene (EPP) foams were investigated under lateral compression tests. Carbon woven (CFRP) and glass woven fiber/epoxy (GFRP) composites and EPP foam with densities of 30, 60, and 75 kg·m−3 were used. According to results, empty CFRP and GFRP tubes absorbed almost the same amount of energy; however, the GFRP tube had a higher specific energy absorption value due to its lower weight compared to the CFRP tube. EPP foam filling has a more significant effect on the crashworthiness of CFRP tubes compared to GFRP tubes. The best results in CFRP tubes, in terms of specific energy absorption, were obtained as 2.67 J g−1 at 75 kg·m−3 EPP foam-filled sample; however, 60 kg·m−3 EPP foam–filled sample exhibited the best configuration in terms of force efficiency. For the GFRP tubes, the best configuration was obtained at 60 kg·m−3 EPP foam–filled sample for all of the crashworthiness parameters. It is seen that the crushable length of composite tubes was shortened with the increase of EPP foam density. Lastly, the deformation behaviors of composite tubes showed that the CFRP tubes were more brittle than the GFRP tubes.
Preparation of flexible and binder-free lignin-based carbon nanofiber electrode materials by electrospinning in aqueous system
Authors: Wang Yunxia , Hao Pengfei , Lei Lirong , Hou Yi
Published: September 2023

Lignin, as a widely distributed, renewable and environmentally friendly source of carbon, could been utilized for carbon nanofibers to not only maximize the usage of resources, but also expand the energy-related opportunities. In this research, flexible lignin-based carbon nanofibers are prepared by electrospinning lignin nanofibers in a new green aqueous solution of lignin and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), which is then characterized by physical and chemical characterizations. The results reveal that optimal carbonization temperature of 800 °C shows great improvements on the structural properties of lignin-based carbon nanofibers, which can be applied as binder-free electric double layer capacitor (EDLC) electrodes with good flexibility. The 2032 type button battery has a superior electrochemical performance with a large specific capacitance of 217.2 F g−1 at a 0.2 A g−1 current density, and remarkable cyclic stability of 94.9 % capacitance retention even after 10,000 charge and discharge cycles, due to the abundance of mesoporous volume and large microporous surface area of lignin-based carbon nanofiber electrodes carbonized in 800 °C.
The Place of Action in the Landscape of Aesthetic Experience
Authors: Charles David R.
Published: September 2023

Advocates of ordinary aesthetics argue that aesthetic experiences found in everyday life can have an impact on our ethical being. This raises the question of how, specifically, action arises from aesthetic experience. Although this matter affects both Aesthetics and Ethics, the current literature provides few details on potential mechanisms. Using neurophysiological evidence, this article proposes specific action profiles and associated mechanisms for aesthetic experiences. To achieve this, it is argued that aesthetic experience originates within the mind and that ordinary aesthetic experiences are logically permissible. Subsequently, a proposed landscape of aesthetic experience is derived. Mechanisms for pathways from experience to action are provided for each category of aesthetic experience. In sum, this provides a tangible bridge between Aesthetics and Ethics, enabling a better understanding of how one’s ethical being is influenced by certain experiences.
Polyimide–nickel nanocomposites fabrication, properties, and applications: A review
Authors: Jaji Nuru-Deen , Othman Muhammad Bisyrul Hafi , Lee Hooi Ling , Hussin Mohd Hazwan , Md Akil Hazizan , Aljunid Merican Zulkifli Merican , Omar Mohd Firdaus
Published: September 2023

Taking inspiration from many published review articles in respect of polyimide–nickel nanocomposites (PINiNCs), this article is written to highlight the significant effect of reinforcing and/or blending nickel nanoparticles (NiNPs) with the different constituents of polyimide monomers to increase various properties (mechanical, thermal, and stability) without sacrificing any of its positive properties. The design and fabrication methodologies of PINiNCs have been critically reported. The recent characterization probing techniques and applications, revealing their advantages and disadvantages are examined in depth. Their diverse applications in multidisciplinary as well as high technological fields and their corresponding properties are extensively documented and summarized in tables. The type of NiNPs and the detailed fabrication techniques of PINiNCs together with their advantages and disadvantages were documented. The combination between this reported fabrication technique and enhanced properties also inspires and broadens the reader’s view to understand the basic principle of structure properties relationship of PINiNCs. This review also screens the properties and current application of PINiNCs in the field of lithography technology, biomedical, electrode technology, membrane, dielectric materials, and light emitting diode technology. The main findings are focused on the strategies to fabricate novel PINiNCs. Various modern cutting-edge characterization technologies for PINiNCs have been emphasized. The industrial applications of PINiNCs have been thoroughly reviewed to develop a complete reference material on PINiNCs.
Frauen in Führungspositionen von GmbHs
Authors: Wedemann Frauke
Published: September 2023

430
Den Leitstern bei der Thematik „Frauen in Führungspositionen von Gesellschaften“ bildet für Gesetzgebung und Rechtswissenschaft die AG. Die GmbH erfährt bei beiden zentralen Aspekten, der Frauenquote sowie der Babypause, nur nachrangige Beachtung. Der vorliegende Beitrag unterzieht diese stiefmütterliche Behandlung der GmbH einer kritischen Analyse. Zum einen prüft er, ob und inwieweit die bestehenden Regelungen für Frauen in Führungspositionen von GmbHs – die allesamt Vorschriften des Aktienrechts nachgebildet sind – den Besonderheiten der GmbH hinreichend Rechnung tragen, und geht den GmbH-Spezifika bei der Normanwendung nach. Zum anderen hinterfragt er, ob die Aussparung der GmbH von manchen nur für die AG geltenden Bestimmungen konsistent ist oder es nicht vielmehr einer Ausdehnung auf die GmbH bedarf.
Die Kommanditistenhaftung im Spiegel des Prozessrechts – Kommanditistenhaftung nach schweizerischem Modell?
Authors: Ceesay Philipp
Published: September 2023

518
Die durch die Haftsumme a priori beschränkte Kommanditistenhaftung ist in doppelter Hinsicht beweglich. Zum einen schließt § 171 Abs. 1 Halbsatz 2 HGB die Haftung aus, soweit die vereinbarte Einlage geleistet ist. Zum anderen lässt § 172 Abs. 4 HGB die Haftung bei Rückzahlung der Einlage wieder aufleben. Die zivilprozessualen Implikationen dieser Dynamik und ihre Konsequenzen für die Funktionsweise der Kommanditistenhaftung sind bislang nur bruchstückhaft er519fasst. In der Gesamtschau der materiellen und prozessualen Regeln wird ein System erkennbar, das die Durchsetzung der Kommanditistenhaftung – äquivalent zum schweizerischen Recht – bis zur Insolvenz der KG de facto ausschließt. Diese Einschätzung wird durch eine rechtstatsächliche Untersuchung der höchstrichterlichen Rechtsprechung bestätigt. Sie wirft die Frage nach den Perspektiven der Kommanditistenhaftung zwischen Effektivierung und dem Ausschluss ihrer Durchsetzung außerhalb der Insolvenz auf.
The reflexes of Latin desinentialrVin Romanian conjugation as examples of exaptive change
Authors: Elson Mark J.
Published: September 2023

This paper attempts to motivate the distribution of the stringr(V)in the forms of contemporary Romanian conjugation, which attests it in other than the distribution we expect proceeding from desinentialrV, its origin in Latin conjugation, e.g.,răin the plural of the contemporary preterit (i.e., the paradigm traditionally designatedperfectul simpluoriginating in the Latinperfect) and thus occurring in forms like contemporaryvăzură‘they saw’.Such forms should attest finalrarising via apocope ofu, in this instance in Late Latinvideru(nt)yielding Romanian *veder, the unattested immediate origin ofvăzurăvia both phonetic and morphological innovation. The analytic focus of my treatment isexaptive changeorexaptation, an innovation predicated on the assumption that phonemic substance made available by compromised paradigms or parts thereof (i.e., paradigms partly or wholly in the process of being eliminated reflecting the systemic loss of their grammatical content) may remain and be re-assigned to instantiate systemically relevant grammatical meaning not already instantiated. As part of my analysis, I will suggest clarifications of our present understanding of exaptive change which I believe to be justified by the Romanian data.
Utilization of Granular Wastes in Transportation Infrastructure
Authors: Indraratna Buddhima , Arachchige Chathuri M. K. , Rujikiatkamjorn Cholachat , Heitor Ana , Qi Yujie
Published: September 2023

Attributed to environmental preservation in urban infrastructure development, the recycling of waste materials produced in the coal and steel industry as well as the reusing of waste tires is a high priority in Australia. In this article, the practical applications of (i) coal wash (CW) and steel furnace slag mixtures, (ii) CW and fly ash mixtures, and (iii) rubber elements derived from recycled tires are discussed. In this regard, some examples of real-life applications are elucidated in relation to coastal reclamation as well as road and rail construction (e.g., Port Kembla, Kangaroo Valley highway, and Chullora Rail Precinct). The article outlines various aspects of site investigation, construction techniques, and the installation of instrumentation to evaluate the field performance of these waste materials in contrast to traditional (natural) quarried materials. The results from these case studies demonstrate that properly engineered granular waste mixtures can exhibit promising characteristics even to exceed the current technical standards, implying reduced intensity of maintenance. The research outcomes strongly support sustainable solutions to be embraced in the future development of transportation infrastructure, capable of withstanding increased freight loading and enhanced longevity.
A CULTURA MATERIAL ESCOLAR COMO FONTE DE PESQUISA NO CAMPO DO ENSINO DE HISTÓRIA
Authors: Bezerra Cavalcanti Geane i
Published: September 2023

O presente artigo busca analisar como se desenvolveu a relação entre historiografia e cultura material. Além disso, pretende-se mostrar como a cultura material escolar é produzida e suas possíveis formas de uso na pesquisa acadêmica. Para isso, realizamos um levantamento bibliográfico que traz como temática central a cultura material escolar e suas formas de uso na pesquisa em educação e no ensino de história. Observamos que a cultura material escolar, ao mesmo tempo em que é fruto de uma produção cultural, também interfere na cultura e nas práticas de ensino-aprendizagem vividas no cotidiano de professores e estudantes.
MODERNIDADE REPUBLICANA:
Authors: Reschke Monika , Damasceno Alberto , Levy Bencostta Marcus
Published: September 2023

Este artigo analisa como a arquitetura escolar colaborou para a formação do imaginário republicano, a partir do Grupo Escolar Benjamin Constant, fundado em Belém-PA, durante a Primeira República. Para a pesquisa bibliográfica e documental foram utilizados como fontes os relatórios dos governadores da época e da diretora deste grupo. Apesar de esse Grupo Escolar Benjamin Constant fazer parte da criação de grupos escolares pelo país, vemos que sua arquitetura não se enquadrava nas diretrizes arquitetônicas para este tipo de instituição. Como razões, estão a crise da economia da borracha e, sobretudo, sua localização em bairro operário e periférico.
Georgia’s Contested European Trajectory
Authors: Tsuladze Lia
Published: September 2023

In Georgia, the current ruling party has exploited the European integration process for both discursive and strategic purposes since it came to power in 2012. Georgia Dream’s seemingly recent deviation from the European course in fact has a longer history; it was already visible in 2014. This process further intensified in 2019, and escalated after Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine in February 2022, when the party refused to join the EU’s sanctions against Russia and started openly criticizing European officials, while escalating attacks on liberal values.
mAb therapy controls CNS‐resident lyssavirus infection via a CD4 T cell‐dependent mechanism
Authors: Mastraccio Kate E , Huaman Celeste , Coggins Si'Ana A , Clouse Caitlyn , Rader Madeline , Yan Lianying , Mandal Pratyusha , Hussain Imran , Ahmed Anwar E , Ho Trung , Feasley Austin , Vu Bang K , Smith Ina L , Markotter Wanda , Weir Dawn L , Laing Eric D , Broder Christopher C , Schaefer Brian C
Published: September 2023

Infections with rabies virus (RABV) and related lyssaviruses are uniformly fatal once virus accesses the central nervous system (CNS) and causes disease signs. Current immunotherapies are thus focused on the early, pre‐symptomatic stage of disease, with the goal of peripheral neutralization of virus to prevent CNS infection. Here, we evaluated the therapeutic efficacy of F11, an anti‐lyssavirus human monoclonal antibody (mAb), on established lyssavirus infections. We show that a single dose of F11 limits viral load in the brain and reverses disease signs following infection with a lethal dose of lyssavirus, even when administered after initiation of robust virus replication in the CNS. Importantly, we found that F11‐dependent neutralization is not sufficient to protect animals from mortality, and a CD4 T cell‐dependent adaptive immune response is required for successful control of infection. F11 significantly changes the spectrum of leukocyte populations in the brain, and the FcRγ‐binding function of F11 contributes to therapeutic efficacy. Thus, mAb therapy can drive potent neutralization‐independent T cell‐mediated effects, even against an established CNS infection by a lethal neurotropic virus.
Propionate reinforces epithelial identity and reduces aggressiveness of lung carcinoma
Authors: Ramesh Vignesh , Gollavilli Paradesi Naidu , Pinna Luisa , Siddiqui Mohammad Aarif , Turtos Adriana Martinez , Napoli Francesca , Antonelli Yasmin , Leal‐Egaña Aldo , Havelund Jesper Foged , Jakobsen Simon Toftholm , Boiteux Elisa Le , Volante Marco , Færgeman Nils Joakim , Jensen Ole N , Siersbæk Rasmus , Somyajit Kumar , Ceppi Paolo
Published: September 2023

The epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays a central role in the development of cancer metastasis and resistance to chemotherapy. However, its pharmacological treatment remains challenging. Here, we used an EMT‐focused integrative functional genomic approach and identified an inverse association between short‐chain fatty acids (propionate and butanoate) and EMT in non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Remarkably, treatment with propionate in vitro reinforced the epithelial transcriptional program promoting cell‐to‐cell contact and cell adhesion, while reducing the aggressive and chemo‐resistant EMT phenotype in lung cancer cell lines. Propionate treatment also decreased the metastatic potential and limited lymph node spread in both nude mice and a genetic NSCLC mouse model. Further analysis revealed that chromatin remodeling through H3K27 acetylation (mediated by p300) is the mechanism underlying the shift toward an epithelial state upon propionate treatment. The results suggest that propionate administration has therapeutic potential in reducing NSCLC aggressiveness and warrants further clinical testing.
Single cell RNA sequencing sheds light on infiltrating T cells in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies
Authors: Yazdani Momina , Mach Lukas , Noseda Michela
Published: September 2023

Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM), also referred to as “myositis,” are a group of heterogeneous autoimmune disorders characterised by muscle weakness, atrophy and progressive reduced mobility (Lundberg et al, 2021). IIM represent a significant health burden in adult populations, affecting individuals at a mean age of 50 with an estimated prevalence of 2.9–34 per 100,000 (Dobloug et al, 2015; Svensson et al, 2017). IIM encompass several subtypes including dermatomyositis, immune‐mediated necrotising myopathy, inclusion‐body myositis, antisynthetase syndrome and polymyositis, which are characterised by specific clinical features, histopathological findings and autoantibody status (Pinal‐Fernandez et al, 2020).
Orthovoltage X-Ray Therapy Significantly Reduces Disability Risk In Knee Osteoarthritis Patients: A Decade-Long Cohort Study
Authors: Makarova Maria V. , Valkov Mikhail Yu. , Grjibovski Andrey M.
Published: September 2023

Introduction — Osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee and hip joints affects 13% of the adult population in the Russian Federation. While medications can provide some relief from the pain associated with OA, they are often not enough. An alternative treatment option is orthovoltage radiation therapy (OVRT), which not only relieves pain, but can also help prevent disability. However, there is little evidence for the long-term effectiveness of OVRT. Objective — We compared the incidence of disability among patients with OA who received standard treatment with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in combination with the symptomatic slow-acting drugs for osteoarthritis (SYSADOA), or in combination with OVRT for knee OA in the setting of an open randomized controlled trial with long-term follow-up. Material and Methods — The sampling frame included patients with confirmed OA of the knee sensu Altman (1991), with radiographic grades of OA from 0 to 2 sensu Kellgren-Lawrence. A total of 292 patients were randomly distributed among two groups of equal sizes. The control group received combination therapy with NSAIDs and SYSADOA. In the experimental group, OVRT was additionally performed at a total dose of 4.5 Gy. Relationships between treatment regimen and time to disability were studied using actuarial analysis, Kaplan-Meier plots. Crude and adjusted hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI), as well as attributable fraction (AF) and population attributable fraction (PAF) were calculated. Results — The cumulative time at risk for disability was 2,304.9 person-years. In total, 9.5% of patients in the experimental group became disabled during the observation period vs. 17.8% in the control group. In the experimental group, the level of disability was lower (HR=0.49, 95% CI: 0.26-0.95). Differences became more pronounced after adjusting for sex, age, radiographic grade of OA, pain intensity, and duration of OA before treatment (HR=0.24, 95% CI: 0.11-0.48). AF and PAF were 49.9% and 25.8%, respectively. Conclusion — It has been shown that the introduction of OVRT in the treatment regimen can reduce the disability of patients with knee OA by almost 50%. One in four disability cases could be prevented if OVRT were used universally in the treatment of knee OA. Our results indicate that combining OVRT with standard care is a more effective approach to preventing disability in patients with knee OA than standard treatment alone.
Sertoliform endometrioid carcinoma of the right ovary
Authors: Alali Mohammad , Hajji Sulaiman , Aljenaee Khalid
Published: September 2023

Endometrioid carcinomas of the ovary are a subtype of epithelial ovarian tumors, with sertoliform endometrioid carcinomas being a rare variant. We report a case of a previously healthy premenopausal woman presenting with androgenic symptoms in the form of hirsutism and male pattern alopecia. On further testing, she was found to have high levels of luteinizing hormone and total testosterone levels, and imaging revealed a large pelvic abdominal mass in the right ovary. She underwent total hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. Microscopy and histopathology confirmed the diagnosis of sertoliform endometrioid carcinoma. Her symptoms improved significantly on follow-up. Androgenic tumors might not be common in premenopausal women; however, it is important to maintain a high level of suspicion in patients presenting with virilizing symptoms especially of rapid progression.

Learning points

Our 47-year-old patient presented with virilizing symptoms that were rapidly progressing, which raises the suspicion of an underlying androgen secreting neoplasm.

Sertoliform endometrioid carcinoma (SEC) is an extremely rare variant of endometrioid carcinomas and tend to present at an earlier stage as compared to most endometrioid carcinomas of the ovary.

Recognition of SEC in virilizing patients is important as it is a well-differentiated, low-grade malignancy with a good prognosis when confined to the ovary.
Usefulness of second 131I treatment in biochemical persistent differentiated thyroid cancer patients
Authors: Gambale Carla , Prete Alessandro , Contartese Lea , Torregrossa Liborio , Bianchi Francesca , Molinaro Eleonora , Materazzi Gabriele , Elisei Rossella , Matrone Antonio
Published: September 2023

Background

Second 131I treatment is commonly performed in clinical practice in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer and biochemical incomplete or indeterminate response (BiR/InR) after initial treatment.

Objective

The objective of the is study is to evaluate the clinical impact of the second 131I treatment in BiR/InR patients and analyze the predictive factors for structural incomplete response (SiR).

Patients and methods

One hundred fifty-three BiR/InR patients after initial treatment who received a second 131I treatment were included in the study. The clinical response in a short- and medium- long-term follow-up was evaluated.

Results

After the second 131I treatment (median 8 months), 11.8% patients showed excellent response (ER), 17% SiR, while BiR/InR persisted in 71.2%. Less than half (38.5%) of SiR patients had radioiodine-avid metastases. Patients who, following the second 131I treatment, experienced SiR had larger tumor size and more frequently aggressive histology and vascular invasion than those experienced BiR/InR and ER. Also, the median values of thyroglobulin on levothyroxine therapy (LT4-Tg), Tg peak after recombinant human TSH stimulation (rhTSH-Tg) and thyroglobulin antibodies (TgAb) were significantly higher in patients who developed SiR. At last evaluation (median: 9.9 years), BiR/InR persisted in 57.5%, while 26.2% and 16.3% of the patients showed ER and SiR, respectively. About half of BiR/InR patients (71/153 (46.4%)) received further treatments after the second 131I treatment.

Conclusions

Radioiodine-avid metastatic disease detected by the second 131I is an infrequent finding in patients with BiR/InR after initial treatment. However, specific pathologic and biochemical features allow to better identify those cases with higher probability of developing SiR, thus improving the clinical effectiveness of performing a second 131I treatment.
Nonuniform estimates in the approximation by the Poisson law
Authors: Padvelskis Kazimieras
Published: September 2023

Poisson approximation for the sum of independent random variables is investigates in this paper.
Alternative methods of kinesotherapy with the use of elements of yogi asans for type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors:   Kharkiv State Academy of Physical Culture, Kalmykov Sergii , Kalmykova Yuliya ,   Kharkiv State Academy of Physical Culture, Yaniuk Anastasiia ,   Kharkiv State Academy of Physical Culture
Published: September 2023

Purpose: to provide clinical and physiological justification of kinesitherapy for type 2 diabetes, which includes therapeutic exercises with elements of yoga asanas, yoga breathing exercises and regulated breathing exercises taking into account the tone of the autonomic nervous system of patients. Material and methods: theoretical analysis and generalization of modern scientific data on the peculiarities of the use of rehabilitation for diabetes mellitus. Results: the application of a physical therapy program is proposed, which is based on the use of therapeutic gymnastics, which includes physical exercises with elements of yoga asanas, yogic breathing exercises and regulated breathing exercises. Conclusions: in order to achieve the long-term target level of hyperglycemia, reduce cardiovascular risk and compensate for diabetes in patients with type 2 diabetes, it is recommended to use kinesоtherapy, which includes therapeutic exercises with elements of yoga asanas, yoga breathing exercises and regulated breathing exercises. parasympathetic departments of the autonomic nervous system of patients, on the background of individually selected antihyperglycemic therapy and diet therapy.
Total Bilirubin Levels in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and All- cause and Cause-specific Mortality in US Adults
Authors: Moss Kasey , Dennis Brittany B , Naji Leen , Ahmed Aijaz , Kim Donghee
Published: September 2023

Background and Aims: Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) is a chronic progressive illness with a spectrum of disease severity from steatosis to end-stage liver disease. Emerging evidence suggests total serum bilirubin levels are inversely related to the prevalence of metabolic syndrome including NAFLD. We investigated the effects of bilirubin on all-cause and cause-specific mortality stratified by NAFLD status. Methods: We used the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Cohort (1988-1994) and linked mortality dataset through 2019. Cox-regression models were constructed to assess the association between bilirubin levels categorized by quartile with all-cause and cause-specific mortality. Results: During the median follow-up of 324 months (n=11,078), higher bilirubin levels were associated with a reduction in risk of all-cause mortality in the multivariate model (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.83, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.71-0.97 for quarter 4 [highest bilirubin levels] vs. quarter 1 [lowest bilirubin levels], p for trend=0.033). Higher bilirubin levels were associated with a lower risk for all-cause mortality in individuals with NAFLD (HR; 0.68, 95% CI: 0.55-0.86 for quarter 4, p for trend=0.010); however, this protective association with higher bilirubin levels was not noted in those without NAFLD. Higher bilirubin levels were associated with a lower risk for cardiovascular and cancer-related mortality in individuals with NAFLD. Conclusions: In this large nationally representative sample of American adults, higher bilirubin levels in NAFLD were associated with a lower risk of all-cause mortality, which may be derived from a lower risk of cardiovascular/cancer-related mortality.
External Validity and Consistency over Time of Patient Segmentation Based on Disease Acceptance and Perceived Control in Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Van Erp Liselot Willemijn , Thomas Pepijn W.A. , Groenen Marcel J.M. , Bloem Sjaak , Russel Maurice G.V.M. , Römkens Tessa E.H. , Wahab Peter J.
Published: September 2023

Background and Aims: The patient segmentation model based on disease acceptance and perceived control may guide personalized care in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We aimed to investigate the external validity of the segmentation model and its consistency over time.

Methods: This is a multicenter longitudinal cohort study of adult IBD patients with questionnaires on disease acceptance and perceived control (6-items, 7-point Likert scale) and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) (Short IBD questionnaire, range 10-70). Segments were created based on mean scores (cut-off>5): (I) high acceptance, high control; (II) high acceptance, low control; (III) low acceptance, high control and; (IV) low acceptance, low control.

Results: The external validation cohort included 921 IBD patients. The acceptance and control scale were unidimensional and internally consistent. Segments differed significantly in gender, disease duration, IBD medication and clinical disease activity. High acceptance and/or high control were significantly associated with a higher HRQoL compared with low acceptance and low control (i.e., segment IV) (Beta (95%CI) segment I=11.7 (10.4-13.1), segment II=9.3 (7.7-10.9) and segment III=3.8 (1.6-6.0), p≤0.001). The follow-up cohort included 783 patients: 58% remained in the same segment while 42% differed in segment over time. Changes in segment were positively correlated with changes in HRQoL over time (Spearman rho 0.38, p<0.001).

Conclusions: The patient segmentation model based on disease acceptance and perceived control was externally valid and showed consistency over time. The different segments were independently associated with HRQoL. Future interventions should aim to personalize care based on segments and improve disease acceptance and perceived control of IBD patients.
Optimal solutions in systems consisting of rational agents
Authors:   Institute of Software Systems of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Ukraine, S Pashko , I Sinitsyn ,   Institute of Software Systems of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Ukraine
Published: September 2023

Rational agents and systems consisting of such agents are considered. An agent is an autonomous object that has sources of information about the environment (for example, physical sensors) and affects this environment (for example, with the help of actuators). A rational agent is an agent who, in order to achieve a set goal, is able to act effectively, that is, to use behavioral strategies that are close to optimal. It is assumed that there is a utility function, which is defined on the set of possible sequences of actions of the agent (agents, if a system of agents is considered) and takes values in the set of real numbers. A rational agent acts in such a way as to maximize the utility function. A system of rational agents is a system consisting of rational agents that have a common goal and act in an optimal way to achieve it. Agents act using the optimal (or close to optimal) solution of the extreme problem formulated for the system. The work gives examples of systems consisting of rational agents. The main groups of problems and the corresponding mathematical methods of their solution related to the management of agents and systems of rational agents are determined: cooperation of agents (creation of a system of agents), planning and coordination of actions of agents, search of placement of the system of agents, recognition. Cooperation is necessary when no single agent has sufficient experience, resources, and information to solve a problem, but different agents have the expertise and capabilities to solve different parts of the problem. Planning is the development of a method of action of agents and the entire system in the future depending on the situations that may arise, the choice of an effective method of action, optimal distribution of resources. Coordination is such an organization of the actions of various agents that make up the system, which ensures the efficiency of this system. The tasks of finding the optimal placement of agent system and the task of recognizing the state of the environment are important. Examples of such problems are given and mathematical methods of their solution are indicated.
Training of translators and implementation of ai in the educational process: challenges and prospects
Authors:   Odessa National Maritime University, Ukraine, S Yukhymets , O Koliasa ,   Odessa National Maritime University, Ukraine,   Drohobych Ivan Franko State Pedagogical University, Ukraine
Published: September 2023

The view of the science of translation as an applied branch of linguistics, which developed in the middle of the last century at the stage of formation of this scientific discipline, does not correspond to the current state of scientific knowledge of translation, which can only be transdisciplinary. Given that currently, the training of translation personnel is carried out mainly by teachers of foreign languages who do not have the necessary understanding of translation activity and the differences between linguistic didactics and translation didactics, it is also important to develop professional retraining programs in educational institutions with a pedagogical or philological focus. Thus, today the professional training of a translator, which already competes, so far successfully, with AI, poses many pressing questions to the scientific and pedagogical community, the solution of which cannot be delayed: how many translators will be needed in the digital space; with what competencies and cognitive abilities; For which fields of activity and with which language combinations; what will be the nature of human interaction with artificial intelligence; will the translation remain as we are used to imagine it today. All these and many other questions of a futuristic plan are necessarily faced by those who are entrusted by society to prepare translators for the digital age because those who come to master the speciality of translator today will enter the labour market only in 4-6 years when AI reaches such a level of abilities, which is difficult to predict today.