bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy versus external dacryocystorhinostomy for treatment of primary acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction
Authors: Al Awady Mohamed Kamel , El-Morsy Mohamed Amin , Abdelaal Ahmed Sobhe , Hussein Mostafa Osaman
Published: June 2021

Background

Dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) is an operation that creates a lacrimal drainage pathway into the nasal cavity to facilitate drainage of the previously obstructed excreting system.

Objective

To compare effectiveness and complications of external and endoscopic DCR for treatment of primary acquired [nasolacrimal duct obstruction (NLDO)].

Patients and methods

The present study included 60 patients (38 females and 22 males) aged between 18 and 50 years complaining of epiphora owing to NLDO. Patients were subdivided into two groups: group A included 30 (50%) eyes of 25 patients who were subjected to endoscopic DCR, and group B included 30 (50%) eyes of 27 patients who were subjected to external DCR.

Results

In this study, the right eye was more commonly affected than left eye. The percentage of right eye affection was 53.3% and left eye affection was 33.3%%. Massive intraoperative bleeding in group A was seen in five (16.5%) cases, whereas in group B, massive intraoperative bleeding was noted in nine (29.7%) cases. The difference was statistically nonsignificant (P=0.617). The successful surgical outcome after 6 months was achieved in 28 (92.4%) of 30 patients for the endoscopic DCR and 26 (85.4%) of 30 patients for external DCR surgery. The difference was not statistically significant (P=0.604).

Conclusion

DCR is the standard treatment for NLDO. It can be performed by external or endoscopic approach. Both these approaches have minimal complications and comparable surgical outcome. However, endoscopic DCR is a safe, minimally invasive effective day-care technique with good aesthetic results.
Endoscopic management of middle ear atelectasis
Authors: Tawfik Marwa Shaaban , Hussein Mohamed A. , Elmoursy Mohamed M.
Published: June 2021

Objective

To assess the efficacy of otoendoscopy in the surgical management of atelectatic ear to improve the clinical and the audiological outcomes.

Patients and methods

A total of 38 ears in 24 patients with middle ear atelectasis and intact ossicular chain were randomly assigned into two groups: group I (27 ears) underwent endoscopic T-tube insertion and group II (11 ears) underwent endoscopic cartilage tympanoplasty. Assessment of hearing was performed for all cases preoperatively and 3 months postoperatively.

Results

There is a significant postoperative improvement of air-bone gap averages reported in the two studied groups, with mean hearing gain of 21.67±7.97 dB in group I and 19.72±5.3 dB in group II.

Conclusions

At 3 months postoperatively, there was a significant statistical difference concerning different audiological parameters among the two groups.
Clinical and radiological evaluation of nonvascularized cancellous iliac bone graft for the treatment of nonunited scaphoid fracture
Authors: Amr Amr Abd El halem
Published: June 2021

Purpose

We evaluated the clinical and radiological outcome of pure cancellous iliac bone graft for the treatment of scaphoid nonunion.

Patients and methods

The subjects of this study were 30 patients who had a nonunited scaphoid fracture treated with pure cancellous iliac bone graft and casting between March 2015 and April 2019. The average follow-up period was 9 months. We performed open reduction through the volar approach with impaction of the fracture site with pure nonvascularized cancellous iliac bone graft and scaphoid cast for a period ranging from 1 1/2 to 3 months.

Results

Bony union was achieved in 29 of 30 patients. Nonunion occurred in only one patient.
Characterization of lipid profile in psoriasis, acne vulgaris, and androgenetic alopecia
Authors: Adel Shereen , Nassef Ghada M. , Ezzat Mostafa M. , Khalaf Marwa A. , Abdelraheem Talal A.
Published: June 2021

Background

Disturbed lipid metabolism may play a role in psoriasis pathogenesis. Relationship between lipids and acne has been studied, and significant dyslipidemic findings were reported. In androgenetic alopecia (AGA), the role of androgens is not fully established, and nonandrogenic mechanisms may be involved.

Objective

The aim was to study lipid profile in patients with psoriasis, acne, and AGA and its relation to severity for a possible role in the etiopathogenesis of these diseases.

Materials and methods

The study included 25 patients with psoriasis, where the severity of psoriasis was evaluated by psoriasis area and severity index score; 25 patients with acne, where the severity of acne was evaluated by Global Acne Grading System; 25 patients with AGA, who were evaluated by the Norwood-Hamilton scale for males and Ludwig scale for females; and 25 healthy controls. Detailed history, clinical examination, BMI, and laboratory estimation of serum lipids (cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol) were performed for all paricipants.

Results

There was a significant increase in low-density lipoprotein in each of psoriasis, acne, and AGA groups as compared with controls (P<0.05). Cholesterol and triglycerides were significantly higher only in psoriasis compared with controls (P<0.05). High-density lipoprotein was significantly lower in patients with psoriasis, acne, and AGA in comparison with controls (P<0.05), and it was negatively related to severity in psoriasis and acne.

Conclusion

Psoriasis, acne, and AGA are associated with atherogenic lipid profile, being more prominent in psoriasis and not related to known atherosclerotic risk factors except obesity. Patients with psoriasis and less likely acne and AGA may be at risk of atherosclerosis and consequently cardiovascular disease (CVD).
How do physicians and nurses assess and support patient medication adherence? An examination of a rural secondary care hospital in Delhi, India
Authors: Basu Saurav , Pangtey Ruchira , Banerjee Bratati , Kumar Saurabh
Published: June 2021

Introduction:

Suboptimal medication adherence contributes enormously to patient mortality, morbidity, and related health-care costs. Health-care providers (HCPs) have a pivotal role in supporting medication adherence in their patients through appropriate health communication. We assessed the perspectives and practices of medical doctors and nurses toward the assessment and support for patient medication adherence in Indian health settings.

Materials and Methods:

We conducted a cross-sectional study at a secondary-care hospital in Delhi. Data were collected from medical doctors, interns, and nursing staff using a self-administered questionnaire on the following domains: Medication Adherence, frequency, methods and tools of assessment, high-risk patient identification and interventions applied to promote adherence.

Results:

We recruited a total of 117 HCPs. The common modes of assessment of medication adherence used by the HCPs included a general question (78.6%), observing missed appointments (43.6%), and querying for forgetfulness (29.9%). However, none of the HCPs were aware of validated questionnaire (scales) for the assessment of medication adherence. Drug-related adverse effects as a cause of nonadherence were evaluated by 38.3% HCPs only.

Conclusions:

The development of simple and validated methods for assessing medication adherence applicable in resource-constrained settings along with the curricular training of HCPs on patient adherence and related know-how needs urgent prioritization.

The following core competencies are addressed in this article:

Practice-based learning and improvement, Systems-based practice, and Interpersonal and communication skills.
Global child health
Authors: Radhakrishnan Venkatraman
Published: June 2021

Disparities across the world are widening day by day. Children are the most vulnerable population impacted by the disparities. As governments and civil societies are successfully tackling traditional threats to children such as malnutrition, infectious diseases, and inadequate neonatal care, newer threats such as climate change, child trafficking, and childhood obesity are emerging. Threats like the COVID-19 pandemic, although not directly impacting children's health, have caused a significant effect on the delivery of child health services. The present article examines the current and future threats faced by children worldwide and offers solutions to mitigate those threats.
Respiratory mechanics and mortality in coronavirus disease 2019 acute respiratory distress syndrome
Authors: Gold Andrew K. , Scantling Dane R. , Brundidge Dominique A. , Cereda Maurizio F. , Scott Michael J. , Gaulton Timothy G.
Published: June 2021

Background:

The association between commonly monitored respiratory parameters, including compliance and oxygenation and clinical outcomes in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) remains unclear, limiting prognostication and the delivery of targeted treatments. Our project aim was to identify if any such associations exist between clinical outcomes and respiratory parameters.

Methods:

We performed a retrospective observational cohort study of confirmed COVID-19 positive patients admitted to a single dedicated intensive care unit at a university hospital from March 27 to April 26, 2020. We collected information on baseline clinical and demographic characteristics and initial respiratory parameters. Our primary outcome was in-hospital mortality.

Results:

A total of 22 patients met criteria for ARDS and were included in our study. Nine of the 22 (40.9%) patients with ARDS died during hospitalization. The initial static respiratory system compliance of survivors was 39 (interquartile range [IQR] 34, 55) and nonsurvivors was 27 (IQR 24, 33, P < 0.01). A lower respiratory system compliance was associated with an increased adjusted odd of in-hospital mortality (odds ratio 1.2, 95% confidence interval 1.01, 1.45 P = 0.04).

Conclusion:

In our cohort of 22 patients mechanically ventilated with ARDS from COVID-19, having lower respiratory system compliance after intubation was associated with an increased risk of in-hospital mortality, consistent with ARDS from non-COVID etiologies.
Orthognathic Cephalometric Norms for a Sample of Sudanese Adults
Authors: Gilada Wadie Magdi , Abuaffan Amal Hussien , Hamid Marwa Mahmoud
Published: June 2021

Background:

With the recent global increase in the number of adult patients seeking orthodontic treatment in general and orthognathic surgery in specific, the need for population-specific cephalometric norms emerges. This is essential in diagnosing and formulating more optimum treatment plans.

Aim:

To establish orthognathic cephalometric standard values for an sample of Sudanese Adults.

Design:

Cross-sectional observational analytical study.

Materials and Methods:

A total of 106 cephalometric radiographs of Sudanese adults aged between 17 and 25 years (48 males and 58 females) were digitally traced and analyzed using Burstone's Cephalometric for Orthognathic Surgery analysis (COGS).

Statistical Analysis:

Descriptive statistics, means, and standard deviations were used to present Sudanese standard values. Paired sample t-test was used to test for significant differences between Sudanese and Caucasian norms.

Results:

When compared to European–Americans, Sudanese adults, in general, had a shorter cranial base, lower values of some vertical height measurements, shorter maxillae, and larger mandibular plane angle. In addition, Sudanese females had a more convex profile and more protrusive maxillae in comparison to their European–Americans counterparts. Regarding dental measurements, Sudanese males had statistically significant lower values of upper and lower anterior and posterior dental heights, steeper occlusal plane, and more proclined incisors. Moreover, Sudanese females had steeper occlusal plane as well as more proclination of the anterior teeth when compared to their European–American counterparts.

Conclusions:

Considerable differences in skeletal and dental configuration exist between Sudanese and European-American adults. These variations must be considered during treatment planning. This study can provide a useful database for orthognathic surgery treatment planning for Sudanese adults.
Dissection and Snare Method of Tonsillectomy, Hemostasis by Ligature Technique in a Tertiary Care Center
Authors: Kannan D. Senthamarai , Rajan G. Soundara , Narendrakumar Veerasigamani , Baby Arya N.
Published: June 2021

Background:

Despite advances in surgical technique, postoperative hemorrhage remains a common cause of morbidity and mortality for patients following tonsillectomy. Attempts to reduce the morbidity of tonsillectomy have included changes to the surgical techniques and perioperative medications to reduce the risk of bleeding. Here, we did a decade study about ligature technique in tonsillectomy for the achievement of hemostasis and its effectiveness in controlling morbidity.

Aim:

The aim of this study was to analyze the posttonsillectomy hemorrhage rate when we use ligature technique in tonsillectomy procedure.

Materials and Methods:

We retrospectively reviewed data of all patients who underwent tonsillectomy by dissection and snare method in the ENT Department, Chengalpattu Medical College and Hospital, Tamil Nadu, between March 1, 2010, and February 29, 2020. The rate of postoperative hemorrhage after using ligature technique was measured and compared with other methods used in other studies.

Results:

Totally 12,536 patients who underwent tonsillectomy were analyzed in this study. Posttonsillectomy hemorrhage occurred only in 62 patients (0.494%). Only 14 (0.001)) patients required re-intubation and correction procedure. The hemorrhage rate was very minimal when compared with other techniques in other studies.

Conclusion:

We conclude that the ligature technique used in tonsillectomy for hemostasis remains one of the best methods even though it is an ancient method.
Anesthetic challenges in the management of a pediatric case of Crouzon syndrome posted for neurosurgery
Authors: D′Cunha Delma , P.S. Achar Balakrishna , Mitali Priya , Shetty Kishan
Published: June 2021

Crouzon syndrome (CS) is an autosomal dominant disorder seen in about 1 in 60000 live births. The affected individuals are found to have facial dysmorphism, cranial synostosis and exophthalmos among other systemic involvement involving the heart and lungs. The primary concern for an anesthesiologist during administration of general anaesthesia for a patient with CS is the airway management. We report the successful anesthetic management of a pediatric case of CS who underwent a neurosurgical procedure.
Decomposition of topological Azumaya algebras
Authors: Arcila-Maya Niny
Published: June 2021

Let
$\mathscr {A}$
be a topological Azumaya algebra of degree
$mn$
over a CW complex X. We give conditions for the positive integers m and n, and the space X so that
$\mathscr {A}$
can be decomposed as the tensor product of topological Azumaya algebras of degrees m and n. Then we prove that if
$m<n$
and the dimension of X is higher than
$2m+1$
,
$\mathscr {A}$
may not have such decomposition.
The potential role of biological treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps: a nationwide cohort study
Authors: Eriksen P.R.G. , Jakobsen K.K. , Aanaes K. , Backer V. , von Buchwald C.
Published: June 2021

Background: Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) can be a challenge to treat despite appropriate pharmacological therapy and endoscopic sinus surgery. With the introduction of biological treatment, costs will increase. In this study, we determine the number of patients with CRSwNP treated with endoscopic sinus surgery and revision surgery and thereby fulfil the main criterion for treatment with biologics in the newest European guidelines. Furthermore, we estimate a potential number of recipients of biologics nationwide. Methods: All adult patients registered in the Danish National Patient Registry as having undergone first endoscopic sinus surgery for CRSwNP from 2012–2018 were included. The number of operations, surgery dates, and comorbidities were extracted. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate the revision rate over time. Revision surgery was used as a surrogate to determine the pool of potential recipients of biologics, as these would fulfil the eligibility criteria and ensure the necessary cost-effectiveness. Results: A total of 4667 operated patients with CRSwNP were included out of a population of 4.7 million adults (incidence 14/100,000 person-years). Approximately 18% (120 per year) was estimated to have revision surgery within seven years. The median time to revision surgery was 22 months. Of all analysed patients, 21% had registered asthma and/or allergic rhinitis, while these diseases were registered in 34% of patients treated with revision surgery. Conclusion: In Denmark, an average of 120 operated patients annually will have revision surgery within seven years and may benefit from treatment with biologics as an alternative option to revision surgery.
Spreader grafts: functional or just aesthetical?
Authors: Xavier R. , Azeredo-Lopes S. , Papoila A.
Published: June 2021

Objective: Spreader grafts are commonly used in rhinoplasty to achieve an aesthetic improvement of the nose or a functional improvement of the nasal airway. Currently, the aesthetic role of spreader grafts is well established. The functional effect of these grafts, however, has been controversial due to the lack of studies clearly demonstrating an increase on nasal airflow assigned to spreader grafts. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of spreader grafts on nasal breathing. Methods: Nasal breathing of 72 consecutive patients undergoing rhinoplasty was evaluated by measuring peak nasal inspiratory flow (PNIF) before surgery and six months after surgery. Results: The mean preoperative PNIF of the 72 patients included in this study was 79.44 l/min and the mean postoperative PNIF was 110.42 l/min (p < 0.001). In 37 patients of this study no spreader grafts were used. In this group of patients the mean PNIF values changed from 73.24 l/min before surgery to 99.46 l/min after surgery. In the group of 35 patients in whom spreader grafts were used the mean PNIF values changed from 86.00 l/min before surgery to 122.00 l/min after surgery. The increase in the mean PNIF value after rhinoplasty was slightly higher in the group of patients with spreader grafts than in the group of patients without spreader grafts. The difference in the postoperative increase of PNIF between these two groups of patients, however, is not statistically significant. Conclusions: This study suggests that patients undergoing rhinoplasty have a statistically significant improvement in nasal breathing after surgery. However, patients receiving spreader grafts in a non-randomized way do not have statistically significant greater benefit than those who do not.
Does time to endoscopic sinus surgery impact outcomes in chronic rhinosinusitis? Retrospective analysis using the UK clinical practice research data
Authors: Hopkins C. , Andrews P. , Holy C.E.
Published: June 2021

Background: Patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) refractory to medical management may elect endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS). Recent data showed that clinical outcomes of patients treated earlier outperformed those of patients treated later in the disease continuum. In this study, CRS-related healthcare utilisation of patients treated early versus late was analysed using the UK-based Clinical Practice Research Database. Methods: Two cohorts ("Early Cohort": ESS within 12 months of first CRS diagnosis, versus "Late Cohort": ≥ 5 years from diagnosis to ESS) were matched for age, gender, asthma, polyposis. Healthcare needs related to CRS were analysed post-operatively for 5 years. Results: Patients in the Late cohort used significantly more CRS-related care than patients in the Early cohort visits and 0.54 prescriptions per patient per year. A sub-analysis of patients with and without asthma indicated that patients in the Late cohort without asthma had healthcare needs equivalent to patients in the Early cohort with asthma. Conclusion: Delayed surgical intervention for CRS is associated with greater post-operative healthcare needs than ESS within 12 months of first CRS diagnosis.
Pilot study of DNA methylation in the pathogenesis of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps
Authors: Zheng Y.B. , Zhao Y. , Yue L.Y. , Lin P. , Liu Y.F. , Xian J.M. , Zhou G.Y. , Wang D.Y.
Published: June 2021

Background: DNA methylation has been implicated in the pathogenesis of allergy and atopy. This study aimed to identify whether DNA methylation also plays an important role in the pathogenesis of nasal polyps (NP). Methodology: NP tissues were obtained from 32 patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with bilateral NP. Biopsies of inferior turbinate mucosa (ITM) were taken from 18 patients who underwent rhinoseptoplasty (control group). The methylated genes, which were detected by DNA methylation microarray, were validated by methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction, bisulphite sequencing, real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry. Results: DNA methylation microarray identified 8,008 CpG islands in 2,848 genes. One hundred and ninety-eight genes were found to have a methylated signal in the promoter region in NP samples compared with ITM samples. The four top genes that changed, COL18A1, EP300, GNAS and SMURF1, were selected for further study. The methylation frequency of COL18A1 was significantly higher in NP samples than in ITM samples. Conclusions: DNA methylation might play an important role in the pathogenesis of NP. Promoter methylation of COL18A1 was found to be significantly increased in NP tissues, further studies are necessary to confirm the significance of these epigenetic factors in the mechanisms underlying the development or persistence of NP.
Current therapeutic protocols for chronic granulomatous fungal sinusitis
Authors: Rupa V. , Maheswaran S. , Ebenezer J. , Mathews S.S.
Published: June 2021

Background: The treatment of chronic granulomatous fungal sinusitis (CGFS), a rare form of invasive fungal sinusitis, is controversial. Aim: To assess the response to postoperative antifungal therapy in patients with CGFS and suggest an effective treatment protocol. Methodology: Clinical records of patients with CGFS who had undergone excisive surgery followed by antifungal therapy were reviewed to assess current disease status. Results: Fourteen male and 4 female patients were diagnosed with CGFS, based on typical histopathological and fungal smear/ culture results. Aspergillus flavus was isolated from 88.9% cases. Stage 1 patients had resectable sinonasal disease, stage 2 had additional spread to orbit/palate and stage 3 had extensive disease. Follow-up ranged from 6 months to 8 years. Residual disease was seen in all but one patient who received amphotericin B as first line therapy and in none of those who received itraconazole or voriconazole. Even those who received azoles as second line therapy were disease free at last follow-up. Conclusion: Surgery followed by itraconazole or voriconazole for Stage 1 and 2 disease and voriconazole for stage 3 disease is recommended for a good outcome. Amphotericin B is not recommended as first line therapy for CGFS.
Factors associated with Allergic Rhinitis in Colombian subpopulations aged 1 to 17 and 18 to 59
Authors: Penaranda Augusto , Garcia Elizabeth , Barragan Ana M. , Rondon Martin A. , Perez Adriana , Rojas Maria X. , Caraballo Luis , Dennis Rodolfo J.
Published: June 2021

Background: Several studies have shown variations in the prevalence of allergic rhinitis (AR) around the world, and different potential predisposing factors. More studies are needed on risk factors, specifically in developing countries. This study explored the association of several factors and AR among urban residents in six cities of Colombia. Methodology: A cross-sectional study and a nested case-control study were carried out between 2009 and 2010 involving two Colombian subpopulations: children/adolescents and adults. Cases were affirmative respondents to "In the past 12 months, have you (or your child) had a problem with sneezing or a running or blocked nose, when you (or your child) did not have a cold or the flu?" "Controls" were subjects who never had been diagnosed with asthma, AR or atopic eczema by a physician, and whom did not report any symptoms in the past twelve months. Weighted logistic regression was used to assess the association of different factors with case/control status. Results: Factors associated with AR in children/adolescents were family history of AR, acetaminophen consumption and high socioeconomic status. Among adults, family history of asthma, AR and atopic eczema, and cetaminophen consumption were associated with AR. Consumption of cereals among children/adolescents and eating eggs among adults showed protective associations. Conclusions: Our findings suggest the presence of previously unknown cultural, environmental and family factors associated with the presence of AR in Colombia.
Psychological comorbidities in epilepsy: a cross-sectional survey among Ghanaian epilepsy patients
Authors: Adjei Patrick , Nkromah Kodwo , Akpalu Albert , Ohene Sammy , Puplampu Peter , T. Aboagye Elvis , Ganu Vincent , Nartey Stella , Ae-Ngibise Kenneth
Published: June 2021

Objective: To evaluate the prevalence and patterns of psychiatric disorders in epilepsy patients at the Korle-Bu Teaching hospital, Accra, Ghana.Design: The study design was a cross-sectional surveySetting: The study was conducted at the Neurology Clinic of the Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Korle-nBu Teaching hospital, Accra, Ghana.Participants: A total of one hundred and sixty-six patients diagnosed with epilepsy aged at least 18 years and accessing services at the neurology clinic participated in the study.Main Outcome Measure: Prevalence and patterns of psychiatric disorders among patients diagnosed with epilepsy using the Brief Symptom Inventory.Results: The mean age for onset of epilepsy was 20.1 ± 16.9 years, and generalized epilepsy (73.2%) was the major type of epilepsy identified. The aetiology of the epilepsy condition was unknown in most patients (71.1%). The estimated mean Brief Symptom Inventory scores in all the nine diagnostic psychiatry characteristics (Depression, Anxiety, Somatization, Hostility, Phobic Anxiety, Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, Psychoticism, Interpersonal Sensitivity, and Paranoid Ideation) were higher in the epilepsy patients compared to the normative data scores for non-patients. Global Severity Index scores for females were significantly higher (p=0.002) than the scores for males on all the psychological outcomes except hostility.Conclusion: Psychological disorders were prevalent among epilepsy patients, with females more likely to experience psychological problems than males. The findings call for a holistic approach in managing epilepsy to highlight and manage some exceptional psychological comorbidities.
What predicts mental health literacy among school teachers?
Authors: Prabhu Vidya , Ashok Lena , G. Kamath Veena , C. Sekaran Varalakshmi , Kamath Asha , Padickaparambil Sebastian , P Hegde Asha , Devaramane Virupaksha
Published: June 2021

Objectives: The present study aimed at assessing high school teachers’ mental health literacy (MHL) and predictors related to study outcomes.Design: Cross-sectional studyMethods: We employed 460 high school teachers who engaged with adolescents for at least six hours per week with a minimum of five years of teaching experience in southern India. Semi-structured questionnaires were used to assess their MHL. Descriptive analysis and backward logistic regression analysis were performed. A p-value < 0.05 was set as significant.Results: Teachers’ MHL on depression was less than desirable; however, they identified 288 (62.6%) adolescents with mental health problems during their career, and 172(59.72%) were referred to mental health professionals. On logistic regression analysis, teachers’ educational status, their marital status, teaching a class with an average strength of 31-60 students per class, previous mental health training and having self-efficacy concerning seeking informationon mental health, perceived ability to spread awareness and to provide referrals were found to predict MHL among teachers.Conclusion: Sociodemographic factors including teachers’ educational status, average class strength and having had previous mental health training were predictors for MHL among high school teachers. Establishing training programs and referral networks may be key in early intervention among adolescents.
Improving stroke care in Ghana: a roundtable discussion with communities, healthcare providers, policymakers and civil society organisations
Authors: A. Sanuade Olutobi , Baatiemaa Leonard , Adjaye-Gbewonyo Kafui , De-Graft Aikins Ama
Published: June 2021

Even though there have been advances in medical research and technology for acute stroke care treatment and management globally, stroke mortality has remained high, with a higher burden in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) such as Ghana. In Ghana, stroke mortality and disability rates are high, and research on post-stroke survival care is scarce. The available evidence suggests that Ghanaian stroke survivors and their caregivers seek treatment from pluralistic health care providers. However, no previous attempt has been made to bring them together to discuss issues around stroke care and rehabilitation. To address this challenge, researchers from the Institute of Advanced Studies, University College London, in collaboration with researchers from the African Centre of Excellence for Non-communicable diseases (ACE-NCDs), University of Ghana, organised a one-day roundtable to discuss issues around stroke care. The purpose of the roundtable was fourfold. First, to initiate discussion/collaborations among biomedical, ethnomedical and faith-based healthcare providers and stroke patients and their caregivers around stroke care. Second, to facilitate discussion on experiences with stroke care. Third, to understand the healthcare providers’, health systems’, and stroke survivors’ needs to enhance stroke care in Ghana. Finally, to define practical ways to improve stroke care in Ghana.
Recent Developments in Complexity in Economics
Authors: Gallegati Mauro
Published: June 2021

This research review identifies fundamental essays on the theory of complexity and its application in economics. The concept of complexity is linked to that of non-linearity, or rather of heterogeneity and interaction between agents. If a system is non-linear it cannot be broken down. When there is interaction, the total is not the sum of single causes, but rather the emergence of new facts. New properties appear that are not already present in the single elements. If the economic system is complex, mainstream economics is in a cul-de-sac where the macroeconomics is different from the microeconomics. The uncertain future and the agent-based models are the main tools for applying the theory of complexity.
Pengaruh Intensitas Aset Tetap, Tingkat Hutang Dan Kompensasi Dewan Komisaris Dan Direksi Terhadap Manajemen Pajak
Authors: Nurfitriani Fadilah , Hidayat Angga
Published: June 2021

The aim of this study is to determine the impact on tax management of the fixed asset intensity, debt level, and compensation of the board of commissioners and directors in manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange. This is a quantitative analysis that employed the purposive sampling approach to obtain a sample of 29 businesses. The data used is secondary data from financial reports on manufacturing firms that were listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange between 2015 and 2019. Multiple linear regressions used to evaluate the data. The findings indicate that the intensity of fixed assets has an effect on tax management, the amount of debt has no effect on tax management, and compensation for commissioners and directors has no effect on tax management. Simultaneously, the intensity of fixed assets, the amount of debt, and board of commissioners and director salaries all have a huge impact on tax management.
Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Minat Menggunakan Fintech Syariah
Authors: Misissaifi Mira , Sriyana Jaka
Published: June 2021

This study aims to identify the factors that influence the interest of the people of Yogyakarta in using Islamic fintech by using the technology acceptance model (TAM). The sampling technique used purposive sampling so that the number of samples obtained was 150 respondents. This study was analyzed using a structural equation model partial least square (SEM-PLS) with the help of SmartPLS 3.2.9 software. The results of this study indicate that the intention to use sharia fintech is influenced by the individual attitude factor towards the presence of sharia fintech. Attitudes to use sharia fintech are influenced by perceived usefulness factors, perceived ease of use, and sharia compliance inherent in sharia fintech. This research can be considered for sharia fintech start-up companies in improving and optimizing the use of sharia fintech.
Al-Musahamah Akad Mechanism In Joint-Stock Company: A Contemporary Study Of Share Diksi
Authors: Basrowi Basrowi , Utami Pertiwi
Published: June 2021

The musyarakah al-musahamah agreement in Islamic stock transactions is a new thing in the capital market. As a result, investors in the issuer are less knowledgeable about the many forms of sharia products. The purpose of this study is to provide a deeper understanding of step by step and examples of the practice of al-Musahamah akad in the world of stocks. This research uses qualitative methods by becoming literature in contemporary fiqh studies and Islamic economics. The study of contemporary fiqh and Islamic economics is one of the reference materials that can be used to implement the al-musahamah akad in the practice of Islamic finance. The study results found that the study of modern fiqh and fatwas of the Syariah Council and several scholars allow the practice of the al-musahamah akad in the shariah stock business as long as it does not violate the harmony and requirements of sharia. Even though in practice the al-musyarakah akad in joint stock companies in Indonesia is not 100% by the principles of sharia and modern fiqh, due to the element of use as an objective of sharia and maqasid maslahah, it can be considered to improve existing mechanisms for the better in the future. Supporting previous research that explains the practice of syirkah al-musahamah, this depth research explores the process and practice of the al-musahamah akad in a joint-stock company.
Service Excellent For Islamic Micro Financial Institution During Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Trimulato Trimulato , Muhlis Muhlis , Fajrin Farid , Hamid Supriadi , Putra Trisno Wardy
Published: June 2021

The development of Islamic financial institutions in Indonesia continues to increase. But, the development of Islamic finance institutions is hindered due to the impact of the Covid-19 outbreak. In particular, Islamic non-bank financial institutions include Islamic microfinance institutions (IMFI). SMEs that become the market segment of IMFI are affected by the Covid-19. Amid this condition, IMFI still has survived and developed and provides excellent service to customers. This study aims to determine the development of IMFI and to know the pattern of service excellence for IMFI in the condition of the Covid-19 outbreak. This research is qualitative and uses library research. Data sources obtained from several sources are considered relevant themes, especially sources of certain institutions that provide data relating to the development of IMFI. The data analysis technique used is a qualitative descriptive overview of the development of IMFI and service excellent pattern for amid the Covid-19 outbreak. Results showed the growth of IMFI in March 2021, whose assets experienced growth of 6.8 percent and financing growth of 13.66 percent. IMFI can do the excellent service pattern amid the Covid-19 outbreak, continues services as usually by following existing rules, increasing intensity of communication with customers, cooperating with other Islamic financial institutions, and improving service indirectly giving customers access.
Role-Playing Method In Developing Islamic Student’s Entrepreneurship Mentality
Authors: Febriandika Nur Rizqi , Gaida Sisna
Published: June 2021

The purpose of this study is to determine the application of the role-playing method as well as supporting and inhibiting factors in fostering the entrepreneurial mentality of students in the "Theme of My Living Area" The sub-theme of "My Living Environment" in 2013 curriculum Class IV at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah (MI) Muhammadiyah 2 Kudus Special Program. This research is a type of field research using a qualitative descriptive approach. Interviews, observation, and documentation are used as data collection technique. This study indicates that thematic learning at MI Muhammadiyah 2 Kudus has been running according to the stages in thematic learning, namely the planning stage, the implementation stage, and the evaluation stage. There are three stages in role-playing, namely: preparation, implementation, evaluation. Some student act as mango farmers, fruit juice sellers, bookstore owners, employees, barber services, buyers. The use of a lot of time inhibiting factor is a lot of time.
Stability Analysis Of Islamic Banking: Indonesia, Malaysia And Pakistan
Authors: Luqmanulhakim Luqmanulhakim , Rulindo Ronald , Anwar Saiful
Published: June 2021

Following the 2008 financial crisis, the global economy will continue to experience shock in the years to come. Therefore, it is vital to conduct research that can anticipate the impact of fluctuations in financial stability. This research examines the stability of the Islamic banking system in Indonesia, Malaysia, and Pakistan, using Z-Score as a proxy variable for stability measurement and Markov Switching VAR for the method. The objectives are to identify which Islamic banking has better resilience in facing crisis and identify the economic variables that have a significant effect on the stability of Islamic banking. The results showed that the stability of Indonesian Islamic banking was more stable compared to Malaysia and Pakistan. The crisis periods determined from the method show that in 2019 all countries studied entered the beginning of the crisis period, which means the world conditions tend to re-enter the crisis, repeating the 2008 financial crisis.
Evaluation du potentiel en petite hydroelectricite du bassin versant de wassadou en utilisant le modele hydrologique SWAT
Authors:   Laboratoire d’hydraulique et de mécanique des fluides, Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Dakar, Sénégal, Ndiaye Ibrahima , Sambou Soussou , Leye Issa , Diaw Moustapha ,   Centre international de formation et de recherche en énergie solaire, Ecole supérieure polytechnique, Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Dakar, Sénégal
Published: June 2021

L’augmentation de la quantité de CO2 et le réchauffement climatique due aux énergies fossiles ont rendu nécessaire le besoin d’explorer d’autres sources d’énergies inépuisables, disponibles et non polluantes telles que les énergies renouvelables. L’énergie hydraulique représente 19% de la production mondiale. Les Petites Centrales hydroélectriques sont de petites unités deproduction peu couteuses. Le potentiel en hydroélectricité dépend du débit et de la hauteur de chute. Dans cette étude, nous sélectionnons des sites en vue de l’évaluation du potentiel en petite hydroélectricité dans le bassin versant de Wassadou sur le fleuve Gambie. Grâce à ArcGis, et au modèle numérique de terrain (MNT) 11 affluents ont été retenus, et 35 sites d’emplacements de petite centrale hydroélectrique (PCH) identifiés. Le modèle hydrologique SWAT a été calibré pour une période d’observation 1990-1995 et validé sur la période 1996-1998. La précision du modèle a été confirmée par le coefficient de détermination (R2 = 0,70) et le critère d’efficacité Nash-Sutcliffe (ENS = 0,80). Ce modèle a été utilisé pour générer les débits journaliers au niveau de chaque site sur la période 1990-1998 ce qui a permis de construire les courbes des débits classés. Un potentiel hydroélectrique total de 147 421, 14 229, et 1 859 kW disponibles 40, 50 et 60% respectivement sur l’ensemble des 35 sites a été évalué. Les résultats de cette étude constituent un outil de décision à l’intention des décideurs politiques et des investisseurs pour la sélection des sites appropriés et la mise en oeuvre des petites centrales hydroélectriques en vue de répondre aux besoins énergétiques dans les zones éloignées.
Modélisation de la distribution granulométrique des gouttes de Pluie par la loi gamma généralisée
Authors:   Laboratoire de Physique de l’Atmosphère, Université d’Abomey-Calavi, Bénin, Kougbeagbede Hilaire , Moumouni Sounmaïla , Adjikpe Loïc S. ,   Ecole Normale Supérieure de Natitingou, Université Nationale des Sciences, Technologies, Ingénierie et Mathématiques, Bénin, Adechinan Joseph A. , Houngninou Etienne B. ,   Faculté des Sciences et Techniques de Natitingou, Université Nationale des Sciences, Technologies, Ingénierie et Mathématiques, Bénin
Published: June 2021

La distribution granulométrique de la taille des gouttes de pluie joue un rôle crucial dans l’étude de la microphysique des précipitations, l’érosion des sols et la télécommunication. Elle est souvent modélisée par les lois exponentielle, lognormale, gamma standard ou gamma généralisé. Jusqu’à présent en Afrique de l’ouest, la distribution granulométrique de la taille des gouttes de pluie est modélisée par la loi gamma ou lognormale. La présente étude s’est intéressée à la modélisation de la distribution par la loi gamma généralisée normalisée par un double moment. Les données exploitées sont les spectres de gouttes de pluie de durée une minute de la ligne de grain du 25/07/2006. Elles ont été recueillies au cours de la campagne AMMA à Djougou (Nord-Ouest du Bénin) en 2006. Les résultats obtenus montrent que la loi gamma généralisée normalisée par un double moment estime mieux les moments que la loi gamma standard normalisée par un double moment proposé par Moumouni et al., 2008.
Visualización y animación de tablas históricas con R
Authors: Raimundo Marcelo
Published: June 2021

En esta lección aprenderás a visualizar y animar temporalmente datos históricos almacenados en forma de tabla.
Rancangan Robotik Marshaller dalam Pemanduan Parkir Pesawat sebagai Media Pembelajaran di Politeknik Penerbangan Makassar
Authors: Sabur Fatmawati , Mantako Elsaday
Published: June 2021

Tingginya pergerakan pesawat di movement area pada beberapa bandar udara, dibutuhkan koordinasi yang baik antar petugas operasional ATC (A ir Traffic Controller) dan AMC {Aircraft Movement Control). Pesawat yang telah melewati taxi area, akan dituntun oleh marshaller untuk parkir di appron berdasarkan posisi parking stand yang telah ditetapkan oleh AMC, sehingga penataan parkir pesawat lebih tertata dan sesuai dengan peraturan yang berlaku (2015 KP 39 Standar Teknis dan Operasi PKSP Bagian 139 Volume I Bandar Udara). Sumber daya yang ahli sangat dibutuhkan agar bisa mengftandling pesawat yang berada di Appron agar aktivitas pergerakan menjadi efektif dan efisien. Tujuan perancangan ini adalah menghasilkan rancangan Robotik marshaller dalam pemanduan parkir pesawat sebagai media pembelajaran. Sehingga menghasilkan media pembelajaran yang inovatif dan kreatif agar dapat menumbuhkan semangat belajar dan memperkuat daya ingat peserta diklat Marshalling di ATKP Makassar. Perancangan mekanik robot menggunakan motor servo sebagai aktuator gerak robot yang dapat bergerak secara otomatis sesuai dengan penginputan bahasa program dalam mikrokontroler (arduino mega 2560) serta komunikasi data via bluetooth dengan pesawat {line follower), gerakan yang dihasilkan sesuai dengan Annex 2 {rule of the air) tentang Marshalling Signals. Hasil rancangan ini memberikan prespektif yang lebih mudah dipahami oleh peserta diklat dibandingkan sekedar materi yang dipaparkan di papan tulis atau powerpoint. Selain itu prospektif simulasi ini bisa dilihat dari berbagai sisi dimana posisi pesawat udara, marshaller dan marka yang ada pada Bandar udara secara sekaligus. Maka dengan rancangan ini ATKP Makassar bisa meningkatkan mutu dan kualitas sumber daya manusia para peserta diklat marshalling
Implementasi Teknologi Pembelajaran di Perguruan Tinggi Vokasi Indonesia
Authors: Masita Maya , Rossydi Ahmad
Published: June 2021

Perkembangan teknologi, khususnya dibidang pembelajaran menjadi issue yang dibahas beberapa tahun terakhir. Manfaat utama dari penggunaan teknologi dalam pembelajaran antara lain, meningkatkan minat dan partisipasi siswa untuk mengikuti proses pembelajaran. Teknologi pembelajaran adalah perangkat yang digunakan demi mencapai tujuan pembelajaran. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian studi kasus, mengeksplorasi pengajaran bahasa Inggris menggunakan teknologi pembelajaran berupa YouTube, Plickers, dan Zoom Meeting di Perguruan Tinggi Vokasi Indonesia. Ada 1 instruktur dan 16 taruna yang terlibat dalam penelitian ini. Data diambil menggunakan teknik purposive sampling, dimana subjek dari penelitian ini adalah instruktur dan taruna yang menggunakan aplikasi pembelajaran dikelas. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara dan observasi dan dianalisis menggunakan interactive model analyis. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: 1) penggunaan teknologi pembelajaran membuat taruna lebih aktif, 2) taruna belum terbiasa dengan aplikasi pembelajaran, 3) koneksi internet terkadang kurang bagus, sehingga instruktur harus menyiapkan kegiatan lain. Pemilihan aplikasi pembelajaran yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan taruna membuat kegiatan belajar mengajar lebih bervariasi.
Pemberian Expected Approach Time (EAT) pada Pesawat Arrival Berdasarkan Average Time Interval (ATI) di Bandara Sultan Thaha Jambi
Authors: Bahrawi Ahmad
Published: June 2021

Bandar Udara Sultan Thaha approach clearance yang diberikan untuk pesawat arrival belum memuat informasi berupa Expected Approach Time (EAT) yang merupakan perkiraan waktu yang diberikan oleh Air Traffic Controller (ATC) kepada pesawat arrival yang mengalami delay untuk meninggalkan holding fix yang kemudian melanjutkan approach untuk landing. Kondisi tersebut menyebabkan kurang efisiennya manoeuver pesawat karena pilot belum mengetahui perkiraan waktu untuk melakukan approach. Pemberian Expected Approach Time (EAT) terhadap pesawat arrival dapat mempengaruhi kelancaran dan keamanan lalu lintas penerbangan. Dalam keadaan tertentu terjadi communication failure terhadap pesawat arrival, maka seorang pilot akan mengikuti instruksi EAT yang terakhir diberikan. Seperti yang kita ketahui, kejadian-kejadian communication faiure tidak ada yang dapat mengetahui kapan akan terjadi dan hal tersebut tidak dapat dihindari. Seorang Controller hanya dapat mengurangi resiko konflik dari terjadinya hal tersebut dengan memberikan pelayanan lalu lintas penerbangan dengan cara memberikan EAT pada saat pesawat tersebut melakukan first contact. Jika diberikan EAT, pilot mendapatkan kepastian sehingga tidak lagi menanyakan posisi traffic yang ada di depanny. Pilot juga dapat mengatur kecepatan pesawat sehingga mengurangi holding jika memang diharuskan untuk holding. Oleh karena itu, pemberian EAT terhadap pesawat arrival mempengaruhi kelancaran dan keamanan lalu lintas penerbangan.