bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Functional outcome after surgical treatment of spinal meningioma
Authors: Khan Muhammad Idris , Munir Adnan , Aziz Syed , Zahid Hajra
Published: July 2023

Objective: This study aims to identify the key factors influencing functional outcomes in patients with surgically treated space-occupying spinal meningiomas (SM), specifically focusing on the role of intraoperative neuromonitoring in determining these outcomes. Methodology: This retrospective analysis included a substantial number of patients. We conducted a comprehensive examination of pre- and postoperative records, surgical reports, and radiographic data to assess population trends, symptom duration, histology, co-morbidities, surgical approach, and neurological function. Results: Among the total of 55 patients, 48 (86.7%) were women and 7 (13.3%) were men. Laminectomy and hemi-laminectomy were the most commonly performed surgical techniques. The thoracic spine was the primary location for spinal meningiomas. The most prevalent symptoms included sensory abnormalities, gait issues, motor deficits, and radiating pain. In most of the cases total resection was performed. After treatment, most patients experienced complete healing and good functional recovery.
Students’ Difficulties in Reading Comprehension at English for Food Technology
Authors: Rusanti Putu , Ni Kadek Ary Susandi  , Ni Kadek Maya Cyntia Dewi  , I Gusti Agung Galuh Wismadewi
Published: July 2023

English for Food Technology (EFT) is one of the subjects which should be learnt in the third semester by students majoring Food and Technology Department. Most of the students find some difficulties in reading comprehension since they do not have background knowledge related to the new vocabularies. The purpose of this study was to describe the difficulties encountered by students in learning English for Food Technology especially in reading comprehension. This study employed qualitative design. There were 11 students who have passed English for Food Technology recruited as the sample of research. The data were collected by using questionnaire, test, and interview. The data were analyzed descriptively. The result of this research showed that  students’ difficulties in learning English for Food Technology were unfamiliar words, lack of background knowledge, and complex syntax. It is expected that the lecturer give motivation and apply various teaching method so the students can be motivated in learning English for Food Technology.
Observers’ Reflection Level and Categories on Lesson Study Activities in English Classroom at SMP Negeri 2 Bua
Authors: Rahmawati Upa  , Sri Rahayu  , Nuur Insan Tangkelangi
Published: July 2023

Reflection is one stage in Lesson Study activities. It is a very important stage since further effort to improve the learning process depends on the sharpness of the analysis given by the observers in reflection. This research aims at describing the category and the level of observers’ reflection on lesson study activities. This research was conducted in SMP Negeri 2 Bua by using qualitative method. In order to categorize the categories and the level of teacher’s reflection, the researchers used the instrument developed by (Ono et al., 2013) which are divided into 5 reflection categories, those are; 1) teaching and learning strategies, 2) teacher’s behavior, 3) Lesson experienced by students (students’ learning, students’ behavior, and interaction between students), 4) achievement of lesson and curriculum objectives, 5) logistic; management planning, and 4 reflection levels (1, 2, 3, 4). The finding of the research shows that from three times reflection, most of the observers’ comment on reflection was categorized into the third category; that is lessons as experienced by students and this category is in level 1. It means that most of the observers’ comment was focused on describing the students’ experiences/behavior but not including their explanation about the reason of the possible cause for the observation. In the end of this research, some recommendations are drawn for the future reflection.
Peningkatan Kemampuan Mahasiswa dalam Menulis Karya Ilmiah Tugas Akhir melalui Learning Direct Systematic
Authors: Nurul Fitrah Yani
Published: July 2023

Penelitian ini  diharapkan mampu memberi pengetahuan kepada pembaca/tenaga pengajar tentang metode yang sebaiknya digunakan dalam pembimbingan karya ilmiah terhadap mahasiswa yang akan menyusun tugas akhir .  Lokasi penelitian di Politeknik LP3I Makassar. Sumber data terdiri dari dua sumber data, data primer, yaitu data berupa  penerapan metode direct learning systematic. Data sekunder, yaitu data tambahan yang diperoleh dari buku-buku sumber yang mendukung penelitian ini. Durasi penelitian selama 2 bulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan menunukkan bahwa penerapan metode direct learning memiliki pengaruh besar terhadap keberhasilan mahasiswa dalam menyusun karya ilmiah tugas akhir.  Hal ini dibuktikan dengan kemampuan mahasiswa dalam menyusun karya ilmiah. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi salah satu bahan referensi bagi perguruan tinggi dan tenaga pengajar membimbing proses penyusunan karya ilmiah mahasiswa, khusunya tugas akhir.
Molecular characterization and stress tolerance level of nitrogen-fixing Azotobacter strain isolated from Oryza sativa
Authors: Akintunde Funmilayo Christiana  , Kabiru Usman Atta  , Olasunkanmi Temitope Christy  , Olisa Babafemi Sunday
Published: July 2023

Characterization of four isolates obtained from Oryza sativa nodules grown under a stress environment was performed. Isolates were screened for their ability to tolerate different abiotic stresses; extreme temperature (50◦ C), salinity (1–5% (w/v) NaCl), and pH (4–12). The genomic analysis of 16S rRNA showed that isolates were phylogenetically related to Azotobacter spp. All the isolates can tolerate NaCl up to 3% and be able to grow between 30 and 40 ◦C with a pH tolerance of between 6 -10 indicating that the isolates were alkali and NaCl-tolerant. The tested isolates effectively utilize mono and disaccharides as carbon sources. Out of four, Azotobacter vinelandii (AR-3) showed the highest nitrogenase fixing ability. The plant growth-promoting characterization of all isolates revealed their effectiveness to solubilize inorganic phosphate (78-288 µg mL−1), and synthesizing indole acetic acid (IAA) (46–70 µg m.). The present finding revealed that treatment A. vinelandii (AR-3) are highly efficient to improve the growth and yield of rice crop, therefore the amplification of its nitrogen fixing gene can be explored as rice biofertilizer to enhance yield and N2-fixation for the resource-poor farmers of Kuje Area Council.
Obstetrical outcome of subchorionic hematoma in first trimester
Authors: Pooja Bairwa  , Nupur Hooja  , Pawan Agrawal  , Babita Panwar  , Krupa Verma  , Monika
Published: July 2023

Background: Threatened abortion during the first trimester of pregnancy may be due to many reasons including subchorionic haematoma (SCH).The presence of SCH can have several adverse effects on pregnancy outcome. AIM: To determine the impact of SCH identified during the first trimester of pregnancy on adverse pregnancy outcomes. Material and Methods: This was a prospective study conducted by enrolling 151 women each with and without Subchorionic Haematoma. All women were followed until delivery to observe the outcome of the pregnancy. Results: Out of 151 women in each of the two groups- 110 (72.8%) women with SCH and 118 (78.1%) women without SCH gave birth to a live neonate. The relative risk of pregnancy wastage (spontaneous abortion, IUFD & stillbirth) for the women with SCH and without SCH was 1.22 (95% CI 0.81 - 1.82; p-value = 0.33). 27% and 11.5% of pregnant women with and without SCH had a preterm delivery (p = 0.004). Conclusion- The mere presence of SCH did not increase the risk of pregnancy loss but there was increased incidence of IUGR,preterm bith,antepartum haemorrhage.
Surviving the Gauntlet: Navigating the hypercompetitive work culture
Authors: Aida Rezaei  , Barani Karikalan
Published: July 2023

In organizations, a hypercompetitive work environment can have significant impacts on both individuals and the overall organizational culture. Constant pressure and high expectations can lead to employee dissatisfaction and turnover, resulting in a loss of talent and knowledge. A hypercompetitive environment may discourage collaboration and teamwork as individuals focus primarily on individual success rather than collective goals. When individuals are solely focused on outperforming each other, they may be less inclined to share ideas and collaborate, hindering creativity and innovation within the organization. Hypercompetition can lead to disengagement and a lack of commitment among employees, as they may feel overwhelmed, undervalued, or constantly threatened by their colleagues. Excessive competition can foster a toxic work culture characterized by cutthroat behavior, lack of trust, and limited support among team members. Strategies to deal with a hypercompetitive work environment in organizations includes fostering a collaborative work culture, encouraging open communication, managing a good work-life balance, engaging in healthy competition, managing stress and engaging in well-being activities. Addressing a hypercompetitive work environment requires a holistic approach involving leadership, organizational policies, and individual efforts. By fostering a collaborative culture and prioritizing employee well-being, organizations can create a healthier and more productive work environment.
Critical Metonymy Study on Institutional Identity Construction: WHO Speeches on COVID-19
Authors: Kunxue XIAO , Mingkun CHEN
Published: July 2023

Our world has been plagued by COVID-19 since 2020. The World Health Organization （WHO） has been active in fighting this pandemic and its global identity constructed by discourse is a key to victory. With the help of the metonymy theory by Mendoza and Ottal, this paper analyses speeches on COVID-19 by Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, secretary-general of WHO, and tries to describe and explain what kind of institutional identity he constructed for WHO and how he succeeded. The result shows that the secretary-general used both High-level metonymy and low-level metonymy in his speeches constructing various significant identities for WHO, such as “the backbone”,“the pioneer”, “the leading goat”, “the safeguard” and “the glue”. This paper proves a wider use of the theories of critical metonymy analysis and shows a successful example of constructing an identity for Chinese medical institutions.
Transnational Trauma and Politics in Phil Klay’s Post-9/11 War Novel Redeployment
Authors: Shixian LIU
Published: July 2023

Phil Klay’s short story collection Redeployment is considered a quintessential literary text for the U. S. wars in Iraq and Afghanistan and won the 2014 National Book Award for fiction. This study argues that it gestures beyond the narrow American war frame to show both the physical and cultural trauma of nonwhite Other in wars during the post- 9/11 era; meanwhile, Klay subverts and deconstructs the myth of trauma hero, truly representing soldiers’ anxiety and trauma about their relationships with enemies, wars, and national power. In Klay’s view, the disillusionment of the American myth of “city upon a hill” projects intense political crises and social contradictions, including the civilian-military divide, racial conflicts, and the loss of national faith and security. And America’s way of democracy reconstruction in the Middle East is colored by ethnocentrism and cultural imperialism, thus further questioning the rationality and justice of the U. S. global counter-terrorism strategies.
The Metaverse of History and Spirit: On the Metaverse Schema of Literature in the New Era
Authors: Qiushi WANG
Published: July 2023

The Metaverse and literary creation have formed a distinct identity and connection at the level of overall ethics, both of which are based on human’s true perception of the world and explore and present the essence of the world and life. In Chinese literature of the new era, the creative practice of Mo Yan, Yan Lianke, and other writers has shown the pattern of the Metaverse. Mo Yan and other writers have constructed a deconstructive historical model with the elements of desire, life, and unconsciousness as the core, highlighting the disordered and nihilistic nature of history, while Yan Lianke and other writers have created the morbid and alienated picture of the human spiritual world with the two narrative models of “prison” and “dream”. Because the works of the above-mentioned writers often show the characteristics of serialization, intertextuality, large volume, and multi-direction, they have formed the historical Metaverse and the spiritual Metaverse of literature in the new era, which is full of allegorical criticism and reflection on reality and expresses the writers’ deep anxiety and infinite compassion for the current situation.
A Comparative Study on Magic Realism in Beloved and Big Breasts & Wide Hips
Authors: Fangyuan JIANG
Published: July 2023

Originating in Latin America in the 1950s, magic realism has become a literary trend because of its artistic and aesthetic values. World-renowned writers such as Gabriel Garcia Marquez, Toni Morrison, and Mo Yan have published a series of literary masterpieces embedded with magical realistic elements, which draw the attention of many literary critics. This thesis uses text analysis and comparative study as research methods and examines the magical realistic elements in Mo Yan and Toni Morrison’s representative works Beloved and Big Breasts & Wide Hips. The discussion focuses on similarities and differences from the perspective of magic and reality, magic narrative techniques, magic-realistic symbols, as well as mythological archetypes and sacred scripture in those two novels. Based on this, I find that hallucinatory realism is a better term in further magical realism studies because it shows magic realism’s acceptance and transmission in China.
Research on the Development of Malaysia-China Economic Relations During the National Front Administration (1974-2018)
Authors: Xinlei ZHAO
Published: July 2023

In the long-term development of Malaysia and China, the economic relationship is one of the most important bilateral relations between the two countries. Since Malaysia and China formally established diplomatic relations in 1974, under the leadership of the National Front, Malaysia has adopted specific economic policies towards China in different development periods, and the specific economic policies have also shown different characteristics in different development periods. Until Malaysia’s 2018 domestic election, Malaysia-China economic relations ushered in a new period of development. Therefore, this article takes the timeline from 1974 to 2018 to analyze the development and changes in Malaysia-China economic relations during this period and what methods and means Malaysia adopted to establish and develop economic relations with China under the leadership of the National Front in order to promote the positive development of its own economy.
A Translator Working for National Strategic Goals: An Interview with Prof. Zhang Wei
Authors: Zuyou WANG , Wei ZHANG
Published: July 2023

At present, Translation Studies in China should take as its primary concept to take the initiative in fulfilling the national strategic programs and benefiting Chinese social and economic development. For this purpose, social awareness and contribution should enjoy priority by highlighting such key research topics as translation policy consultation, translation management, translation theorizing with Chinese characteristics, and translation education reform, thus further advancing Translation Studies in China.
C-E Translation of Cantonese Culturally Loaded Words from a Perspective of Eco-Translatology
Authors: Qiulan ZHAI , Xinrong SHAN
Published: July 2023

According to eco-translatology, a translator, the focus and crucial part in a translation eco-translation chain, should adapt fully to the translation environment, which contains a series of elements including languages, societies, cultures, economy, communication and so on. Moreover, the translator will make a proper choice in constructing a translation in the target language. In the above-mentioned process of adaption and choice, eco-translatology claims that linguistics, communication and culture are the three dimensions which the translator is expected to consider about. In addition, this article describes the current existing situation and eco-translation environment and, then makes a tentative translation of some Cantonese culturally loaded words from the perspective of eco-translatology and of interpreting translators’ responsibilities. The article claims that only if achieving the three dimensions of linguistics, communication and culture, the translator can provide the best translation version. Hopefully, the translation study based on eco-translatology will provide academic support for traditional Chinese cultural communication.
Exploration of Teaching Practice on the Integration of the Chinese Discourse into Foreign Literature Curriculum Against the Background of Integration of Ideology and Politics into Courses
Authors: Conghui WU
Published: July 2023

As one of the core foreign language courses in colleges and universities, the foreign literature curriculum serves as an important window into foreign cultures that foreign language learners need to understand and absorb. Learning and appreciating foreign literature classics is helpful for foreign language learners to enhance their ability in language application, cultivation of humanistic quality and inter-culture communication ability. As foreign literature curriculum involves such content as foreign social system, ideological system, religious beliefs and others, it is of significance to educate students to adhere to Chinese people’s own belief, cultivating patriotism and establish correct values when two cultures meet. It is the teachers’ job to seek and highlight the key points in ideological and political education in foreign literature teaching, especially when the campaign for integration of ideology and politics into courses is underway. Guided by Xi Jinping thought on socialism with Chinese characteristics for a new era. Teachers should implant the Chinese discourse into foreign literature curriculum, teaching students to be virtuous and kind-hearted. This paper intends to illustrate approaches in teaching practices to integrate the Chinese discourse in the new era into foreign literature curriculum, giving a deep thought to the question of how to cultivate men.
Peran Orang Tua Dalam Menciptakan Kepercayaan Diri Anak Usia 18 Tahun Menggunakan Teori Psikososial Erik Erikson
Authors: Rerung Alvary Exan
Published: July 2023

The purpose of this study was to show the reality of low self-esteem among 18 year olds in Indonesia. This is certainly a dilemma, because self-confidence plays a very important role in interactions that will be carried out in a social environment. Not only that, losing self-confidence can trigger children to experience mental disorders and social anxiety, and can end in cases of suicide. Several aspects show that most children lose confidence in themselves because they receive inappropriate parenting from their parents. Seeing the reality of the problem, this paper uses descriptive qualitative methods, central studies and interviews to provide an understanding of how to apply proper parenting through Erik Erikson's Psychosocial theory. Erikson's theory will show how to treat (raise) children aged 0-1 years, 2-3 years, 3-5 years, 6-13 years, and 14-18 years. This will greatly assist parents in carrying out their role when raising their children. The findings of this study will help parents find out what things need to be done and avoided when raising children at a certain age.

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menunjukkan realitas rendahnya tingkat kepercayaan diri pada anak usia 18 tahun di Indoensia. Hal ini tentu menjadi dilema, sebab kepercayaan diri sangat berperan dalam interaksi yang akan dilakukan di lingkungan sosial. Tidak hanya itu, kehilangan rasa percaya diri dapat memicu anak mengalami gangguang mental dan kecemasan sosial, dan bisa berakhir pada kasus tindakan bunuh diri. Beberapa aspek menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar anak kehilangan rasa percaya pada dirinya sendiri dikarenakan menerima pola asuh yang kurang tepat dari orang tuanya. Melihat realitas masalah tersebut, tulisan ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif, studi pusata dan wawancara hendak memberikan pemahaman tentang bagaimana seharusnya menerapkan pola asuh yang benar melalui teori Psikososial Erik Erikson. Teori dari Erikson ini akan memperlihatkan bagaimana seharusnya memperlakukan (mengasuh) anak ketika berusia 0-1 tahun, 2-3 tahun, 3-5 tahun, 6-13 tahun, dan 14-18 tahun. Hal ini akan sangat membantu orang tua dalam melakukan perannya ketika mengasuh anak mereka. Temuan penelitian ini akan membantu para orang tua dalam mengetahui hal-hal apa saja yang perlu dilakukan dan dihindari ketika mengasuh anak pada usia tertentu.
Sumbangsih Pendidikan Israel Kuno Dalam Pendidikan Agama Kristen Pada Anak
Authors: Singal Youke L. , Tanasyah Yusak , Malau Maya , Bulan Susanti Embong
Published: July 2023

This study explores the contribution of education in ancient Israel and its application to Christian education for children today. The study begins by examining the education system in ancient Israel, including the role of parents, religious leaders, and formal institutions in imparting knowledge and moral teachings. Taking lessons from the ancient Israelites, the study then explores how these principles can be applied to Christian education today. It examines the role of parents, teachers, and the church community in fostering a nurturing and holistic educational environment. It also investigates the use of Scripture, prayer, worship, and ministry to engage children in their faith journey. The purpose of this study emphasizes the value of integrating educational wisdom and practices in ancient Israel into modern Christian education. By adopting a holistic approach that combines Scripture, experiential learning, community engagement, and character building, Christian educators can provide a solid foundation for children to develop lifelong faith, moral values, and a living relationship with God. This study used a literature review research method that investigated books and journals related to ancient Israeli education.

Studi ini mengeksplorasi kontribusi pendidikan di Israel kuno dan penerapannya pada pendidikan Kristen untuk anak-anak saat ini. Studi dimulai dengan mengkaji sistem pendidikan di Israel kuno, termasuk peran orang tua, pemimpin agama, dan lembaga formal dalam menyampaikan pengetahuan dan ajaran moral. Mengambil pelajaran dari bangsa Israel kuno, penelitian ini kemudian mengeksplorasi bagaimana prinsip-prinsip ini dapat diterapkan pada pendidikan Kristen saat ini. Ini mengkaji peran orang tua, guru, dan komunitas gereja dalam membina lingkungan pendidikan yang mengasuh dan holistik. Itu juga menyelidiki penggunaan Kitab Suci, doa, ibadah, dan pelayanan sebagai sarana untuk melibatkan anak-anak dalam perjalanan iman mereka. Tujuan dari penelitian ini menekankan nilai integrasi kebijaksanaan dan praktik pendidikan di Israel kuno ke dalam pendidikan Kristen modern. Dengan mengadopsi pendekatan holistik yang menggabungkan Kitab Suci, pengalaman belajar, keterlibatan masyarakat, dan pembentukan karakter, pendidik Kristen dapat memberikan landasan yang kokoh bagi anak-anak untuk mengembangkan iman seumur hidup, nilai-nilai moral, dan hubungan yang hidup dengan Tuhan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kajian pustaka yang menyelidiki buku-buku dan jurnal yang berkaitan dengan pendidikan Israel kuno.
Implementasi Etika Mengajar Wali Peserta Didik Dalam Mendidik Karakter Anak SMP Usia 13-15 Tahun
Authors: Berliana Angelina , Budiman Sabda , Riniwati Riniwati
Published: July 2023

The role of the teacher as the guardian of students to educate children is very important. Every action of the teacher becomes a reflection for the child, whether it is good or bad. However, children's character is mostly formed in the family environment, especially junior high school children aged 13-15 years who are still very unstable in thinking and acting. Everything seen by them will be absorbed and followed faster. The character education of children by parents as guardians of students is very central and important. Therefore, it is very necessary to equip the guardian parents of students in educating children and there is a need for cooperation between teachers and parents in educating children. The purpose of this study is to explain the implementation of teaching ethics for guardians of students in educating the character of junior high school children aged 13-15 years. In this study, the authors used qualitative research methods with a descriptive approach. Thus, in educating children, guardians (parents and teachers) need to recognize what character education is, establish communication for educational purposes, establish cooperation with guardians, and assist guardians in educating in the family environment to form a disciplined, responsible, and honest child character. Therefore, cooperation between teachers and parents is indispensable.

Peran guru dalam mendidik anak memang sangatlah penting. Akan tetapi, karakter anak sebagian besar terbentuk di dalam lingkungan keluarga, khususnya anak Sekolah Menengah Pertama (SMP) usia 13-15 tahun yang masih sangat labil dalam berpikir dan bertindak. Segala sesuatu yang dilihat oleh mereka akan lebih cepat diserap dan diikuti. Pendidikan karakter anak oleh orang tua selaku wali peserta didik menjadi hal yang sangat sentral dan penting. Oleh karena itu, perlu sekali untuk memperlengkapi orang tua wali peserta didik dalam mendidik anak dan perlu adanya kerjasama antara guru dan orang tua dalam mendidi anak. Tujuan dari penelitian ini ialah untuk memaparkan implementasi etika wali peserta didik dalam mendidik karakter anak SMP usia 13-15 tahun. Dalam penelitian ini, penulis menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Dengan demikian, dalam mendidik  anak, orang tua selaku wali peserta didik dalam lingkungan keluarga, perlu mengenali apa itu pendidikan karakter, menjalin komunikasi untuk kepentingan pendidikan, menjalin kerjasama dengan guru, dan membantu guru dalam mendidik di lingkungan keluarga untuk membentuk karakter anak yang disiplin, bertanggung jawab, dan jujur. Oleh karena itu, orang tua perlu sekali untuk mengerti etika mengajar sebagai upaya kolaborasi dengan guru dalam mendidik karakter anak.
Peran Pendidikan Teologi Berbingkai Moderasi Beragama Dalam Pengembangan Sikap Toleransi Mahasiswa
Authors: Pasaribu Andar Gunawan
Published: July 2023

Theological education in the frame of religious moderation is urgently needed now. Theological education in the framework of religious moderation means theological education which teaches and implements in four indicators, namely National Commitment, religious tolerance, anti-violence and accommodating local culture. The Old Testament has also implemented religious moderation with the implementation of the word מתינות דתית. While the New Testament uses the word metriopàqeia. Jesus showed an attitude of religious moderation but distanced himself from syncretism. Paul also shows an attitude of religious moderation. The method used is a qualitative method with literature and question to 10 pastor as resources. 

Pendidikan Teologi berbingkai moderasi beragama sangat berperan dalam pengembangan sikap tolerasnsi mahasiswa. Pendidikan teologi berbingkai moderasi beragama berarti Pendidikan Teologi yang mengajarkan dan mengimplementasi dalam empat indikator yaitu Komitmen Kebangsaan, toleransi beragama, anti kekerasan dan akomodatif kebudayaan  Lokal. Perjanjian Lama juga sudah menerapkan moderasi beragama dengan implementasi dari kata מתינות דתית. Sedangkan Perjanjian Baru memakai kata metriopàqeia. Yesus menunjukan sikap moderasi beragama tetapi menjauhkan diri dari sinkritisme. Paulus juga menunjukan sikap moderasi beragama. Metode yang dipakai adalah kualitatif dan membuat pertanyaan kepada 10 orag pendeta.
Kebijakan Lima Hari Sekolah dan Implikasinya pada Guru Pendidikan Agama Kristen
Authors: Wulan Riwu
Published: July 2023

The five-day school policy caused controversy from various parties which the government then addressed by issuing a Character Strengthening Program policy as an affirmation of the goals of the five-day school policy. Christian Religion teachers have a major role in strengthening students’ character so that the five-day school policy has serious implications for Christian Religion teachers. Using the Systematic Literature Review method, this study aims to explore the link between the five-day school policy and the role of Christian Religion teachers in strengthening students’ character. Based on the results of the analysis it was found that Christian Religion teachers have important roles to play in the success of the five-day school policy and must carry out their roles properly as guides, motivators, parents, and role models for students. Christian Religion teachers must also be able to become interpreters of the Christian faith, shepherds and evangelists for their students. If Christian Religion teachers carry out their roles well, the process of strengthening students’ character in the implementation of the five-day school policy will also run well. Christian Religion teachers can actualized the strengthening of students’ character in three ways, namely intra-curricular, co-curricular and extra-curricular activities so that students’ character can be built optimally at school.

Kebijakan lima hari sekolah menimbulkan kontroversi dari berbagai pihak yang kemudian disikapi oleh pemerintah dengan mengeluarkan kebijakan Program Penguatan Karakter sebagai penegasan tujuan dari kebijakan lima hari sekolah tersebut. Guru Pendidikan Agama Kristen memiliki peran yang besar dalam penguatan karakter siswa sehingga kebijakan lima hari sekolah memiliki implikasi yang serius bagi guru PAK. Dengan menggunakan metode Systematic Literature Review, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengupas kaitan kebijakan lima hari sekolah dengan peran guru Pendidikan Agama Kristen dalam penguatan karakter siswa. Berdasarkan hasil analisis didapati bahwa Guru PAK memiliki peran penting untuk menyukseskan kebijakan lima hari sekolah dan harus menjalankan perannya dengan baik sebagai pembimbing, motivator, orangtua,serta teladan bagi siswa. Guru PAK juga harus mampu menjadi penafsir iman Kristen, gembala dan penginjil bagi siswanya. Apabila peran guru PAK ini dilaksanakan dengan baik maka proses penguatan karakter siswa dalam implementasi kebijakan lima hari sekolah juga akan berjalan dengan baik. Guru PAK dapat mewujudkan penguatan karakter siswa dalam tiga hal yaitu kegiatan intrakurikuler, kokurikuler dan ekstrakurikuler agar karakter siswa dapat dibentuk secara optimal di sekolah.
Rooting of softwood nodal cuttings of Dalbergia sissoo Roxb. (Shisham) as influenced by stump height and position of cuttings on shoots
Authors: Bakshi Meena , Bansal Shalini , Husen Azamal
Published: July 2023

Softwood nodal cuttings of 32 months old were rooted under mist to investigate the influence of location of cuttings on rooting ability in different clones of Dalbergia sissoo. As compared to 0-15 cm height of stump, 15-30 cm of stump height produced maximum shoots, shoot length and number of cuttings with maximum propagule production. Overall, rooting and sprouting percentage, root number, root length, sprout number, sprout length, leaf number, fresh and dry weight of sprouts were better at 15-30 cm height, while fresh and dry weights of root were better at 0-15 cm. Location of cuttings within shoot influenced rooting and growth. Cuttings from central position of shoot were better while sprout length, fresh and dry weight of sprouts were better in terminal cuttings. Marked interclonal variations were observed regarding rooting and subsequent growth.
Inter and intra-colonial recognition of nest and nest-mates by Microcerotermes beesoni Snyder (Isoptera : Termitidae)
Authors: Dhawan Seema , Mishra S. , Singh R.
Published: July 2023

Each colony of the termite has its own peculiar odour. Every member of the colony recognizes this odour and avoids entering in the nests of others colony. Experiments were made to alter the memory of colony odour of the termite Microcerotermes beesoni Snyder. The memory of colony odour cannot be easily altered, however if slightly reduced by some technique, resulted in the dullness or death of the termites. Colony odour seems to be genetic in origin and environment probably does not play any role in its development.
A Smart Architecture Leveraging Fog Computing Fusion and Ensemble Learning for Prediction of Gestational Diabetes
Authors:   College of Computer Science and Mathematics, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq, Al-kateeb Zeena N. Al ,   College of Computer Science and Mathematics, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq, Abdullah Dhuha Basheer
Published: July 2023

Gestational diabetes (GD) is a growing global concern, underscoring the need for early detection and effective management to prevent adverse health consequences. This paper presents an innovative and reliable architecture to predict gestational diabetes in pregnant women. While reducing the frequency of doctor visits by sending the necessary data via Internet of Things (IoT) technology and receiving the prediction results via a mobile application in real time. The proposed architecture is a fusion of fog computing hardware with ensemble machine learning to enable low-latency, energy-efficient solutions for data processing, and cloud computing. The GD_Fog architecture leverages fused fog computing and load balancing techniques to reduce latency, power consumption, Network bandwidth consumption, and response time, and cloud computing is used based on the concept of use on demand for more reliability while harnessing the power of group learning to improve prediction accuracy. In addition, GD_Fog can be configured for different operating modes to ensure optimal quality of service and prediction accuracy in various fog calculation scenarios, which meet different user requirements. Through extensive testing using real-world data from pregnant women, the framework shows promising results, outperforming the latest methods in accuracy and efficiency. Where the percentage of improvement in prediction accuracy was approximately 6.5% when using ensemble learning, and the improvement in energy use, amounted to approximately 87.01% when using fused fog computing instead of cloud computing. These results confirm the potential of the proposed structure as an invaluable tool for the early detection and effective management of gestational diabetes.
The Moral Responsibilities of Business Schools –In Pursuit of Excellence and Social Justice
Authors: Caldwell Cam , Mahand Thalmus
Published: July 2023

In recent years, many business schools have struggled -- particularly as Generation Z (Gen Z) and Millennial students have questioned the practical value of a four-year business degree (Salhotra, 2022) and have expressed dissatisfaction with a work world that increasingly treats employees like commodities (Maloni, Hiatt & Campbell, 2019).  Coupled with the pressures of inflation (June, 2022) and the paucity of funds available from both governmental sources and private donations (Zusman, 2005), the typical secondary school has attempted to make do financially by increasingly relying on part-time adjunct and untenured faculty to whom they offer fewer benefits and lower salaries (Colby, 2023).  This approach to cutting costs has predictably lowered the quality of education (Bettinger & Long, 2010) despite the fact that business schools have long been criticized about the relevance of their courses and the low quality of business graduates (Mintzberg, 2004).The purpose of this special edition is to address selected social justice issues facing society that also affect business schools. These papers have substantial importance for society in the 21st century.  Each of these papers addresses factors associated with the moral responsibilities of business education in a world where business schools are under tremendous pressure to improve their quality – despite the fact that their resources are often limited. We begin the paper by briefly addressing the general issue of moral responsibility and its specific application to schools of business.  We define moral responsibility, identify duties owed to several business school stakeholders, and offer six recommendations for business school administrators, accrediting bodies, and faculty. We then briefly introduce the articles contained in this special edition and explain their contribution to social justice issues.
New Faculty Onboarding: An Opportunity for Connection and Commitment
Authors: Caldwell Cam , Rutledge Tangela
Published: July 2023

The effectiveness of a college or university in onboarding new faculty has a major impact on its ability to integrate new instructors into the organization and sends a powerful message about the organization’s values. That onboarding process builds or undermines trust and can leave a lasting impression on the new employee. Unfortunately, the onboarding process in most organizations is poorly handled and new faculty are frequently given less than a week to prepare their courses and to learn the policies of their employer – a time frame that is far from adequate and that has a negative impact on teaching effectiveness. The purpose of this paper is to identify the importance of the new faculty onboarding process and to identify ten recommendations for colleges and universities to improve their ability to prepare new faculty to be successful as new members of their academic community.
Diversity, Bias & Integrity: Leadership Implications
Authors: Caldwell Cam , Hobbs Harry , Hobbs Harry , Caldwell Cam , Williamson Ian
Published: July 2023

The purpose of this paper is to identify the nature of diversity, bias, and integrity as concepts that today’s leaders must address and to explain how those three concepts interrelate in affecting a leader’s credibility. After defining each of these key terms, we identify ten common responses of managers and leaders about diversity and bias that undermine their ability to be deemed men or women of integrity. We suggest six action steps for leaders and organizations to adopt to demonstrate their commitment to unbiased treatment of employees and conclude the paper with a challenge to those who lead to reflect on their own interactions as they strive to be perceived as fair and just.
Screening and optimization of cellulolytic activity of local microbial isolates in the Egyptian Delta region.
Authors: Badry Anwer , Shohoud Reham , Azab maha
Published: July 2023

Twenty locations of different plant and soil samples were surveyed for microorganisms of cellulolytic activity. A total of 20 bacterial and 20 fungal isolates were collected, cultivated, purified and tested for cellulose degradation. The most efficient cellulase producers were the fungal and bacterial isolates from grape leaves; which were identified as Aspergillus flavus MH591448 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa KX610179. A more detailed study for optimization of growth conditions for the highest cellulase activity was performed for the higher cellulose-degrading isolates, namely: Aspergillus flavus, Fusarium oxysporum, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella aerogenes. The maximum growth and cellulolytic activity of the tested microorganisms was obtained for cultures on minimal salt nutrition medium, incubations temperature of 35°C, with initial pH value = 6, by adding ammonium sulfate as a supporting nitrogen source, without additive co-carbon source, after incubation for 2 days for bacterial isolates and 5 days for fungal isolates on a shaking incubator of 80 rpm.
Association of serum level of interleukin-33 and insulin resistance in overt and subclinical hypothyroidism patients
Authors: Jabbar Zainab , Ali Hanaa , Ali Rawaa , AlRufaie Mohauman
Published: July 2023

Hypothyroidism is a condition that occurs when the thyroid gland fails to produce an adequate amount of the hormone thyroid, as a result of factors for example hypothalamic or pituitary gland disease, common tissue resistance to thyroid hormones, and thyroid gland diseases. It’s the most prevalent thyroid disorder. Interleukin-33 (IL-33) is a nuclear cytokine of the IL-1 family members that is abundantly expressed during homeostasis and inflammation in endothelial, epithelial, and fibroblast-like cells. It is worth noting that higher IL33 levels have been associated with insulin resistance.
Aims the study: Its purpose was to examine the correlation between insulin resistance and IL33 in patients with hypothyroidism by measuring their IL33 levels. In a case-control study, 180 people were recruited and split into three categories: those with overt hypothyroidism (60), those with subclinical hypothyroidism (60), and those who were otherwise healthy (60). were of a similar age range to the patient (between 20 and 55), with 55.5% female participants and 44.5% male participants.
RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS OF INFLUENCE OF ABHYANG AND SVEDAN ON NEUROPLASTICITY IN CEREBRAL PALSY PATIENTS
Authors: Shah Namrata , Shah Shivani , Patel Sandhya
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT
Introduction: Panchakarma are a group of very unique ayurvedic therapeutic approaches having the potential of releasing spasticity and contractures, providing positive neuroplasticity after neurologic insult, removing abnormal metabolites developed due to faulty life style or any pathological process in the body, etc. Some of these procedures involve drug delivery systems bypassing the hepatic first pass effect. Abhyang (therapeutic massage) is one such system, which employed with svedan (therapeutic sudation), relieves spasticity and is widely used in several neurological conditions including cerebral palsy (CP). Since both these procedures are used externally they are extremely helpful and effective therapeutic tools for the ayurvedic pediatricians and are also readily accepted by patients and parents. Several children with cerebral palsy opt for ayurvedic treatment in ------------.
Material and methods: In this article, retrospective analysis of both these procedures in 51 cases of CP during a finite period (of 22 months) is carried out with focus on their neuroplastic ability. Gross Motor Function Classification System Expanded and Revised (GMFCSE-R) levels of each patient before and after treatment, data related to impairment of speech, vision and cognitions as well as epilepsy along with available radiodiagnostic reports were noted. Detail analysis of the documented data in their files was done to evaluate the possible effect of abhyang and svedan.
Observations and results: Only three patients out of 51 failed to respond to this treatment i.e. 94.11% of the patients showed improvement. Some children achieved near normal motor function and became independent in their routine activities. The results in detail are discussed in this article.
Discussion: Currently proposed ten principles of neuroplasticity are discussed along with proposal for consideration of willingness (attitude) of the patient and cognition as another principles as they influence the neuroplasticity.
Conclusion: Considering the improvement in motor function in 94.11% cases it can be said that abhyang and svedan have positive neuroplastic effect on the motor function of the CP patients irrespective of site of pathology in the brain and time of initiation of panchakarma therapy.
Key words neuroplasticity; cerebral palsy; abhyang; svedan
Replacement consequences of Noug-cake with Lablab purpureus seed on biological performance of Woyito-Guji goat
Authors: Hidosa Denbela , Girma Mekete
Published: July 2023

Objective: The goal of this study was to find out what happened when Noug-cake (NC) was replaced with Lablab purpureus seed (LPS) and how that affected the health and performance of Woyito-Guji goats.
Material and Methods: About 24 intact male Woyito-Guji bucks with a preliminary weight of 17.34 kg were allocated to one of the four investigational treatments in a randomized complete block design. The investigational treatments used were haricot bean haulms (HBH) ad-libitum + 18% of wheat bran (WB) + 23% of maize (MG) + 24% of sorghum (SG) + 20% of NC + 12% of sun¬flower seed (SFS) + 1.5% of common salt and 1.5% of limestone (T1); HBH ad libitum + 18% of WB + 23% of MG + 24% of SG + 20% of NC + 12% of SFS + 1.5% of common salt and + 1.5% of limestone (T1), HBH ad-libitum + 18% of WB + 22% of MG + 20% of SG + 15% of NC + 12% of SFS + 10% of LPS + 1.5% of common salt + 1.5% of limestone (T2), HBH ad-libitum + 20% of WB + 23% of MG + 22% of SG + 5% of NC + 12% of SFS + 15% of LPS + 1.5% of common salt and + 1.5% of limestone (T3), and HBH ad-libitum + 18% of WB + 23% of MG + 24% of SG + 12% of SFS + 20% of LPS + 1.5% of common salt + 1.5% of limestone (T4).
Results: The total dry matter and crude protein consumption and nutrient digestibility were higher (p < 0.001) for bucks who consumed T1 and T4 over the bucks who consumed T2 and T3. Similarly, goats that consumed T1 and T4 gained more (p < 0.001) in average daily gain, hot carcass weight, and rib-eye muscle area than bucks that were given T2 and T3.
Conclusion: The findings from this investigation pointed out that replacing NC with roasted LPS at a 20% inclusion level in goat rations improved the biological performance of goats.
A INFLUÊNCIA DA VACINAÇÃO EM PACIENTES COM COMORBIDADES E REINCIDENTES AO VÍRUS DA COVID-19
Authors: Tomaz Jocimar , Borilli Dayane Karoline , Pereira Dayane Kelly Sabec
Published: July 2023

O Coronavírus, causador da COVID-19 surgiu na China e se alastrou por todo mundo, onde, devido ao aumento de pessoas contaminadas, em março de 2020 a Organização Mundial da Saúde decretou como situação de Pandemia mundial. Com o avanço do número de casos em todos os países, pesquisadores correram contra o tempo para desenvolver uma vacina que combata o vírus, e após várias etapas de pesquisas clínicas foi disponibilizado seu uso para a população. Com isso, o objetivo da pesquisa foi avaliar por meio de um estudo observacional quantitativo e qualitativo o cenário existente na cidade de Toledo PR, do quadro de saúde dos pacientes que possuem comorbidades como diabetes e hipertensão e qnue apresentaram reincidência a infecção da COVID-19, antes e após a imunização pela 2ª dose da vacina.

A metodologia aplicada nesta pesquisa foi baseada em análise do banco de dados vacinais disponibilizados pela secretaria de saúde e o relatório da vigilância epidemiológica de uma cidade do oeste do Paraná, com o propósito de relacionar o quadro vacinal de pacientes com idade acima de 60 anos que retratam pelo menos uma comorbidade e que estiveram no relatório de com os casos suspeitos e confirmados da COVID-19 registrados pela vigilância epidemiológica. Para obtenção dos resultados desta análise quantitativa foi utilizado o software da Microsoft Excel com representação em tabelas dos dados obtidos entre os pacientes com comorbidades que foram vacinados e que apresentaram reincidência ao vírus, observou-se que a comorbidade prevalente foi a hipertensão com 59,7% dos prontuários analisados, seguindo dos prontuários de pacientes que apresentam ambas comorbidades diabetes e hipertensão com 31,1% e por fim os diabéticos com 8,95% dos prontuários analisados. Com esses dados foi possível observar que os fatores agravantes dos sintomas após a COVID-19 e a sua reincidência em relação à 2º dose da vacina estava relacionado com o índice de internamentos registados, demonstrando que antes da 2º imunização o percentual dos pacientes internados entre os dois períodos correspondeu a 84% dos prontuários analisados e que após a imunização esse índice teve uma redução de 68% correspondendo a 16% dos prontuários de pacientes internados. Conclui-se que a partir dos dados analisados foi possível compreender a eficácia na imunização dos pacientes com comorbidades (diabetes e hipertensão) o que ocasionou uma redução aos casos graves da doença, assim como uma baixa de internações e redução ao óbito.