bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Impasse of Good Governance and Accountability in Democratic Governance in Nigeria: 1999 – 2015
Authors: Ayuba Haruna
Published: August 2018

The administration of democratic governance since 1999 throughout the fourth republic has had chequred history of low productivity arising from inability to provide the much needed goods and services by governments to its citizens at different strata’sthroughout the federation. These have impacted on the provision of goods and services. The study revealed that the fourth republic has battled with governance hindered by weak institutions responsible for provision of goods and services. Thus the study revealed within the integration theorists that unity and effective and efficient institutions to administer effectively is sacrosanct and inevitable for sustenance of good governance. To arrive at this conclusion the study reviewed different literature on the above subject matter and recommend reorganization and effective implantations of rules and procedures for sustenance of good governance and accountability is necessary. The study relied on qualitative sourced data for analysis.
Manfaat Hipnoterapi Terhadap Minat Belajar Bagi Siswa Kelas VI Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Nihayah Lilis , Retnani Wahyu
Published: August 2018

Minat belajar pada seorang siswa memegang peranan penting yang berdampak pada perilaku dan sikap. Sedangkan peran minat dalam proses belajar adalah untuk pemusatan pemikiran dan menimbulkan kesenangan tersendiri. Hipnoterapi adalah salah satu metode yang dapat digunakan sebagai sarana melakukan pemrograman ulang pikiran bawah sadar, guna memberikan sugesti belajar yang positif. Tujuan dari hipnoterapi ini sendiri adalah meningkatkan belajar siswa kelas VI di SDN Tenggulunan. Proses hipnoterapi ini sendiri dilaksanakan dengan berbagai teknik agar bisa menjangkau pikiran bawah sadar. Karena pikiran bawah sadar memiliki pengaruh sebanyak 88% dibanding alam sadar 12%. Minat memiliki unsur kognitif, emosi, efektif. Data yang diperoleh sebelum di lapangan adalah manfaat hipnoterapi yang sangat luas, kemudian saat dilapangan proses pelaksanaan hipnoterapi dilakukan beberapa kali agar sugesti yang diberikan bisa memiliki hasil yang diharapkan. Setelah pelaksanaan di lapangan terhadap hasil perubahan tidak hanya berpatokan pada nilai akademik saja, melainkan meliputi emosi, efektif. Sehingga ketika pelaksanaan hipnoterapi itu berhasil maka dalam pikiran bawah sadar, cara untuk menyelesaikan suatu kendala. Faktor penting dari keberhasilan hipnoterapi adalah faktor intern dan ekstern siswa.
Hubungan Antara Kecerdasan Emosional Dengan Kinerja Guru (Studi Pada Guru SDI Sabilil Huda Sumorame-Candi)
Authors: Abidin Muhammad Zainal , Nisak Iswatun
Published: August 2018

Kinerja guru adalah kesanggupan dan kecakapan para guru dalam menciptakan suasana komunikasi yang edukatif antara guru dan peserta didik yang mencakup suasana kognitif, afektif dan psikomotorik sebagai upaya mempelajari sessuatu berdasarkan perencanaan sampai dengan tahap evaluasi dan tindak lanjut agar mencapai tujuan pengajaran. Dalam penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mencari jawaban atas rumusan masalah “apakah ada hubungan antara kecerdasan emosional (X) dengan kinerja pada (Y) guru SDI Sabilil Huda Sumorame, Candi Kabupaten Sidoarjo?” Jumlah populasi dalam penelitian ini 25 orang guru dan dengan taraf kesalahan 1% diperoleh sampel 24 orang guru dengan menggunakan teknik simple random sampling.Data penelitian diambil dengan menggunakan skala Kecerdasan Emosional dan Skala Kinerja Guru. Metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah korelasi product moment dari Karl Pearrson. Hasil analisis data yang dilakukan menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang signifikan antara kecerdasan emosional dengan kinerja guru dengan koefisien korelasi 0,647. Nilai koefisien korelasi tersebut positif, yang artinya semakin tinggi kecerdasan emosional guru, maka semakin tinggi pula kinerja guru, dan sebaliknya semakin rendah kecerdasan emosional guru, maka semakin rendah pula kinerja guru.
Pelatihan Membaca Al-Qur’an Untuk Menurunkan Tingkat Stres Pada Penderita Diabetes Mellitus Tipe Dua Pemula
Authors: Habibah Nur
Published: August 2018

This research was to know the effectiveness of reading tartil Al-Qur’an training according to waqaf and washal with deep breathing to decrease stres for diabetics sufferer.  The condition of the subjects were being stable so they  could accept their desease, and after that they could adapt  to the desease. This research was quasi experimental involved six diabetics sufferer.  The characteristic of subject was: Moslem, able to read tartil Al-Qur’an, age 35 – 55 years old,  average social economic level, suffer diabetes minimal for 2 years, got stres score scale average until high, prepare as voluntary of the research, and no consume medicine.  This training were given along three weeks and the materials were: diabetes mellitus, stres, reading Al-Qur’an with deep breathing, and done in five times confluence. Data of stres scale collected were analyzed by visual inspection, that were the stres level of the subjects compared between the measurement before and after the treatment, there were differences the stres level of subject before and after the treatment reading Al-Qur’an, for subject 3 and subject 5.  Subject 1 and subject 4 the decreased were just little. Subject 2 and subject 6 experienced decrease stres scale score in medium. The decrease were not change the category the subject in medium level.  Subject 3 and subject 5 experienced the extramely decrease.  The research result showed that with deep breathing for the beginners diabetics sufferer could decrease the stres level, the stres scale score after the training were lower than stres scale score before ther training when the reading Al-Qur’an done continuously and intensively.
Pemahaman Tentang Penyebab Serta Dinamika Psikologis Siswa Yang Membolos Sekolah (Suatu Telaah Melalui Studi Kasus)
Authors: Affandi Ghozali Rusyid
Published: August 2018

This research aimed to determine the causes of truancy in high school students and to understand the psychological dynamics of high school students were absent. To achieve the goal of these studies used the framework of the research question consists of 5 questions, among others: 1). What the causes of truancy in junior high school student, 2). How do parents in implementing parenting at home, 3). How do teachers in delivering the course material; 4) What is the influence of the peer group does truancy; 5). How psychological dynamics junior high school students who were truancy. Qualitative research method used is the case study that examines a single case, with one person subject to the criteria of the study subjects were teenagers who were educated at the Junior High School, was truant more than school provision, 12 - 14 years , male sex and living in Yogyakarta. This study took place in the one of junior high school in Yogyakarta. Data taken using in-depth interviews to subjects and informants, participant observation and field notes. From the analysis carried out it was found that the causes of truant behavior of the subject is 1) The influence of peers, 2) Personal subject it self; 3) Factors parenting from his parents; 4) Threatening and worried environment, 5) the school environment factors. And comorbid psychological dynamics truant behavior consists of three conditions, pre conditions (will do skipping school), while truant and after truant. In addition it also found participation behavior after truant period, the positive behavior in the form of the emergence of a sense of responsibility will backwardness lessons and negative behaviors such as lying to teachers and parents about causes of truant behavior.
Penanggulangan Korupsi Berbasis Partisipasi Masyarakat Pada PNPM Mandiri Perkotaan Di Kabupaten Sidoarjo
Authors: Hazim Hazim
Published: August 2018

A prevention of corruption in Indonesia through structural approach has been examined by many scholars. The gap is, there is not found a study related to this issue focusing on cultural approach. For this reason, this study is concentrated on the public participation in order to prevent the corruption which focuses on the Urban Poverty Projects (PNPM Mandiri Perkotaan) in Sidoarjo, East Java, as a case study.  The research questions are: a) to what extend the community base participant impacts the reduce corruptions?; b) what are the modes of public participation in order to prevent the corruptions?. The aim of this study investigates the mode of community participations in order to minimize the corruption. A descriptive qualitative approach was used to collect the data which used three main methods: a) observation concentrated at two sub-districts, Taman and Sidoarjo; b) interview conducted for getting valuable information from the program executors and beneficiaries of “PNPM Mandiri Perkotaan” as well; c) a study of documents related to the program such as the standart operational procedures (SOPs) as well as proposal and report documents. Some theoretical framewoks of participations have been used to analyse the data. The results of this study can be seen that there are three stages of public participation in order to prevent the corruption: the first is the plan stage. Generally, public still need to be forced to participate at this step. However public have showed significant participations through thought and physical participation with skills. The second is the implementation stage. Public have been able to do self-mobilization participation including physical, psychological participation and participation with skills at this step. Moreover, they also have contributed significantly through financial participation instead of getting income from their involments. However, in the last step called monitoring and evaluation, they generally need to be encouraged by external factors to participate in this stage. Regularly meeting is a part of their participation in order to evaluate their projects.
Dukungan Sosial Suami Pada Ibu Dengan Depresi Postpartum Pasca Melahirkan Anak Pertama
Authors: Sari Dian Mustika , Ansyah Eko Hardi
Published: August 2018

This study aims to provide an overview of social support her husband with postpartum depression in mothers postpartum first child and the impact of social support provided to the mother's husband. Social support is in the form of emotional support, the support award, instrumental support and informative support. The method used in this research is using qualitative exploratory study the two subjects who had a husband and wife with postpartum depression after giving birth first child with wife aged 21-28 years. Determination of the subjects in this study using purposive sampling technique and is located in several places according to the agreement of the subject and significant others. Data collection methods used were observation method using anecdotel record with the observation that social support indicators husband and interview methods are equipped with general guidance interview. The results showed that each subject provide social support her husband with different forms of support for marriage influenced by the subject. The effect of the second wife of the study subjects also differ on the subject of the first wife can get through 25 days postpartum depression after giving birth, while the second subject can get through 40 days postpartum depression after giving birth. Factors support from significant others and coping also affect maternal postpartum depression can get through the second wife of the research subjects.
Kecerdasan Emosional Dan Kecenderungan Merokok Pada Remaja SLTA Di Sidoarjo
Authors: Sriwangi Lisa , Nastiti Dwi
Published: August 2018

The background of of this research was the tendency of smoking behavior that was not only dominated by adults, but also the youth (high school), both inside and outside of school. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between emotional intelligence with a tendency to smoke at high school students. This study was a correlational study, the independent variable (X) was emotional intelligence, the ability to recognize our own feelings and the feelings of others, the ability to motivate oneself, as well as the ability to manage emotions well in ourselves and in relationships with others. The dependent variable (Y) was the tendency of smoking, which is the inclination to perform activities in accordance with the desire for an activity without any coercion from outside but from within the individual himself. The subjects of this study were students of class XII SMK 3 Buduran in Sidoarjo totaled 392 students, and the number of samples were 186 students (based on Table Krejcie with error level of 5%), which was taken by simple random sampling. Data collection instruments such as emotional intelligence scale and scale trends in smoking. Data were analyzed using statistical analysis Pearson Product Moment correlation. The analysis showed there was a significant negative relationship between emotional intelligence and trends in smoking (r = -0.711; ρ = 0.000; ρ <0.05). This result means, higher emotional intelligence, the lower the tendency of smoking in class XII SMK 3 Buduran in Sidoarjo, and vice versa.
Partisipasi Masyarakat Terhadap Upaya Pengentasan Kemiskinan Berbasis Pemberdayaan Perempuan Melalui Program P3EL Kabupaten Sidoarjo
Authors: Maryam Effy Wardati , Indriani Ririn Dewanti Dian Samudera
Published: August 2018

Women are the group most severely affected by poverty, especially in case of food insecurity. As a result of these conditions, pregnant mothers could malnutrition that can potentially give birth in poor mental or health condition. Poverty reduction is not merely the issue of capital and technical skills, but also how to evoke the feeling of being able to overcome problems of their lives in a dignified manner. Empowerment of poor women do in order to find the effort that poor women can actively participate in any activities for poverty alleviation. This study aims to assess community participation, particularly of women to poverty alleviation efforts based on empowerment. This research was descriptive-exploratory using primary data sources from interviews and secondary data sources of written documents on the implementation of the Programme P3EL in Sidoarjo. Subjects were members P3EL program in 2012 and the BPMPKB (particularly the PUE) as the implementing program. The results showed that the model of participation of members to poverty alleviation efforts based on the empowerment of women through P3EL program were in the form of energy, thoughts, and cooperation. While the participation factors underlying were egoism motivation and collectivism.
Resiliensi Ibu Yang Memiliki Anak Down Syndrome Di Sidoarjo
Authors: Lestari Fiqqi Anggun , Mariyati Lely Ika
Published: August 2018

The aim of this study was to describe the characteristics and resilience factors for mothers who have children experiencing Down Syndrome. That is factors that help mother finds the strength to face the problem. The method was a qualitative exploratory study using three subjects 30-45 years old mother who has a child with Down syndrome and has resilience. The determination of the subject used purposive sampling techniques and located in some places according to the agreement of subject and significant others. Data collection methods used were interviews equipped with general guidelines as well as the recording field. The results showed that each mother were different in terms of characteristics and resilience factors and differences in educational factors, economic and employment background. Factors that affected thesubject resilience also have differences. Some of the factors supporting emerging resilience, the family support factor was the support obtained by the subject.
Semangat Kerja Dan Pelaksanaan Asuhan Keperawatan Di Rumah Sakit Umum Kolaka Sulawesi Tenggara
Authors: Esita Zulaeni
Published: August 2018

The implementation of nursing care that has not been done optimally, it has became a common problem in the most of government hospitals in Indonesia. Many customers feel not dissatisfied for health care services received from government hospitals. Work motivation is considered as one of the factors that influence the implementation of nursing care in hospital. It is can provide quality health services in hospital which expected by customers. The focus of this study was about how influence of Work motivation to the implementation of nursing care, especially in the Rumah Sakit Umum (RSU)Kolaka in Southeast Sulawesi. The study was designed as a quantitative. The population in this study were all nurses who worked at the RSU Kolaka. All the population in this study were the civil servants (PNS).The sampling technique used was purposive random sampling, so that the sample used in this research consisted of 53 nurses. Analysis of the data used was a simple linear regression analysis. The results of study showed thatthe work motivation contributed 15.6%to the implementation of nursing care (R2 = 0.156) in the RSU Kolaka Southeast Sulawesi.
Pengaruh Rizobakteri dalam Meningkatkan Kandungan Asam Salisilat dan Total Fenol Tanaman terhadap Penekanan Nematoda Puru Akar
Authors: Wijayanti Kristiana Sri , Rahardjo Bambang Tri , Himawan Toto
Published: August 2018

 

Penyakit puru akar pada tanaman kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) yang disebabkan oleh nematoda Meloidogyne spp. mengakibatkan penurunan kualitas dan kuantitas serat. Kolonisasi rizobakteri dalam rizosfer berperan sebagai antagonis yang dapat dimanfaatkan dalam ketahanan tanaman terhadap patogen.  Peran rizobakteri sebagai bioprotektan dapat menurunkan populasi nematoda yang akan mempengaruhi perkembangan patogen penyebab penyakit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi rizobakteri yang potensial dalam meningkatkan ketahanan tanaman kenaf terhadap infeksi nematoda Meloidogyne spp. melalui pembentukan metabolit sekunder diantaranya kandungan total fenol dan asam salisilat. Aplikasi
 rizobakteri dengan cara perendaman dan tanpa perendaman baik secara tunggal maupun konsorsium.  Rizobakteri yang digunakan terdiri dari 3 jenis yaitu Pseudomonas fluorescens, Bacillus subtilis, dan Azotobacter sp. Pengamatan kandungan total fenol dan asam salisilat diamati pada 15 dan 25 hari setelah inokulasi dengan menggunakan alat spektrofotometer. Peningkatan total fenol dan asam salisilat tertinggi diperoleh ketika benih kenaf direndam dengan bakteri P. fluorescens berturut-turut sebesar 513,45% dan 235,99%. Terdapat peningkatan bobot kering tanaman kenaf dengan aplikasi rizobakteri dibandingkan dengan kontrol.

 

Effect of Rhizobacteria  in Content  of Salicylic Acid and Total Phenol of Kenaf Against Nematodes Infections

 

Root knoot disease of kenaf caused by nematodes Meloidogyne spp. is an important disease since it lowers quality and quantity of the fiber. Colonization of rhizobacteria in rhizosphere acts as an antagonist that can be utilized in plant resistance to pathogens. The role of rhizobacteria as a bioprotectan could reduce nematode population, and thus affect development of the disease. This study aimed to evaluate the potency of rhizobacteria in improving kenaf resistance against root knot nematode by inhibiting the production of total phenols and salicylic acid. Application of rhizobacteria was done by soaking or without soaking kenaf seeds either singly or in consortium. There were three rhizobacteria used in this study, i.e: Pseudomonas fluorescens, Bacillus subtilis, and Azotobacter sp. The content of total phenols and salicylic acid was observed at 15 and 25 days after inoculation using a spectrophotometer. The highest elevation level of total phenols and salicylic acid was obtained when kenaf seeds were soaked in P. fluorescens 513,45% and 235,99% respectively. There is an increase dry weight of kenaf with aplication of rhizobacteria compared with controls.
PENAMPILAN GALUR-GALUR KEDELAI TOLERAN NAUNGAN PADA UJI DAYA HASIL PENDAHULUAN DI DUA LINGKUNGAN
Authors: Sundari Titik
Published: August 2018

Pemilihan genotipe yang adaptif di lingkungan naungan dan sekaligus di lingkungan tanpa naungan mempunyai peran penting dalam pengembangan di bawah naungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan galur-galur kedelai toleran naungan yang mampu tumbuh, berkembang, dan berproduksi dengan baik pada lingkungan naungan maupun tanpa naungan, dengan nilai indeks toleransi terhadap cekaman (ITC) yang tinggi. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan kendalpayak, dengan menguji 146 galur dari sepuluh kombinasi persilangan dan 5 varietas pembanding pada dua lingkungan, yaitu lingkungan tanpa naungan dan naungan 50%. Lingkungan naungan diperoleh dari naungan buatan dengan menggunakan paranet hitam. Penempatan perlakuan pada masing-masing lingkungan didasarkan pada rancangan acak kelompok diulang tiga kali. Setiap unit percobaan ditanam pada dua baris dengan panjang 3 m, jarak tanam 40 cm x 15 cm, dua tanaman per rumpun. Pemupukan dilakukan pada saat tanam dengan Urea 50 kg, SP36 100 kg dan KCl 75 kg/ha. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap umur berbunga dan masak, tinggi tanaman, jumlah cabang, jumlah buku, jumlah polong isi, bobot biji, dan bobot 100 biji. Pengukuran tingkat naungan dilakukan setiap hari dengan membandingkan antara intensitas di bawah naungan dengan di luar naungan. Pengamatan intensitas cahaya dilakukan setiap hari jam 12.00 -13.00 WIB, menggunakan Lux meter. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa lingkungan naungan menyebabkan cekaman bagi galur-galur yang diuji dengan intensitas cekaman 20%, yang tergolong rendah. Galur/varietas yang diuji menunjukkan respon yang berbeda terhadap cekaman naungan. Berdasarkan nilai ITC, terdapat 48 galur dengan nilai ITC ≥ ITC Dena 1 (0,89) yang tergolong adaptif terhadap lingkungan naungan. Galur-galur terpilih tersebut teridentifikasi sebagai galur yang adaptif di dua lingkungan (tanpa naungan dan naungan).
Pengaruh Dosis dan Frekuensi Aplikasi Biofungisida Trichoderma terhadap Infeksi Rigidoporus microporus pada Benih Karet
Authors: Amaria Widi , Harni Rita , Wardiana Edi
Published: August 2018

Biological agents Trichoderma virens and T. amazonicum have been developed and examined for their effectiveness through in vitro and in vivo approaches against Rigidoporus microporus, the cause of white root disease (WRD) in rubber. The effectiveness of these bio-agents can be determined by testing the dosage and frequency of Trichoderma spp. biofungicide application. The research aimed to investigate the effective dose and application frequency of Trichoderma spp. biofungicide on R. microporus infection in rubber seedling. The experiment was conducted in laboratory and screen house of Indonesian Industrial and Beverage Crops Research Institute (IIBCRI), Sukabumi, from June to December 2014. A randomized block design was used with 14 treatments and 3 replications, i.e biofungicide combination (T. virens and T. amazonicum), dosage (25, 50, and 75 g), application frequencies (1 and 2 times application), and two controls (positive and negative). Rubber seedlings used were propellegitiem seeds of GT1 clone planted in polybags. Trichoderma spp. was multiplied using fermentation method in liquid medium, whereas biofungicide was formulated using talc as carrier. Observed variables including Trichoderma spp. population number, incubation period, attack intensity, and WRD attack suppression. The results showed that T. virens and T. amazonicum biofungicides with 50 g/plant dose at one application was the most effective and efficient in suppressing R. microporus development on rubber seedlings. The type, dosage, and frequencies of application increased Trichoderma spp. population in soil, prolonged the pathogen’s incubation period, decreased WRD attack intensity, and suppress the attack of WRD disease.
Estudio comparativo de las metáforas del deporte y el juego en la prensa económica y política española e inglesa
Authors: Gómez-Ortiz María-José
Published: August 2018

El estudio compara el uso de las metáforas del deporte y del juego en la prensa española e inglesa con el objetivo de hallar las correspondencias conceptuales universales y específicas influidas por el contexto y la cultura de cada lengua (Kövecses, 2015). El trabajo se desarrolla en el marco del enfoque lingüístico cognitivo (Lakoff & Johnson, 1980). Los resultados muestran similitudes y diferencias en la selección de deportes para expresar la misma idea política o económica según la lengua, el contexto y el fin informativo. Este enfoque cognitivo puede facilitar el aprendizaje de vocabulario de LFE (Lenguas para Fines Específicos) y ayudar a la memoria a largo plazo del estudiante ya que este toma conciencia de las expresiones metafóricas al crear asociaciones mentales entre discursos.
Reseña: Lingüística hispánica actual: libro de texto, guía didáctica y portal digital
Authors: Belpoliti Flavia
Published: August 2018

Esta reseña describe los tres componentes centrales del proyecto editorial Lingüística hispánica actual, que incluye el libro de texto Introducción a la Lingüística Hispánica Actual: Teoría y Práctica(Muñoz-Basols, Moreno, Taboada, & Lacorte, 2017), la guía didáctica Lingüística Hispánica Actual: Guía Didáctica y Materiales de Apoyo (Muñoz-Basols y Lacorte, 2018), y el Portal de lingüística hispánica / Hispanic Linguistics Portal www.hispaniclinguistics.com (Muñoz-Basols, dir., 2017). Los tres componentes se integran para presentar de manera práctica, dinámica y actual los temas centrales de la lingüística hispánica actual y sus áreas disciplinares asociadas.
Improving Nutritive Value of Native Warm‐Season Grasses with the Plant Growth Regulator Trinexapac‐Ethyl
Authors: Tilhou Neal W. , Nave Renata L. G.
Published: August 2018

Core Ideas

Gibberellin inhibitors may decrease stem growth, improving late fall forage nutritive value during late summer and fall.

Examining the short‐ and long‐term impacts of suppressed stem growth or altered tiller number could result in improved forage nutritive traits.

Warm‐season grasses are characterized by high forage mass but low nutritive value, especially when mature.

Livestock producers in the southeastern United States utilize native warm‐season grasses (NWSG), however, the best management practice to not harvest during late‐summer and fall results in large quantities of low quality forage. Gibberellin inhibitors can alter plant regrowth and forage value. This study assessed the impact of trinexapac‐ethyl [TE; ethyl 4‐(cyclopropyl‐hydroxy‐methylene)‐3,5‐dioxo‐cyclohexane‐1‐carboxylate] on fall NWSG forage. Application of TE occurred in late July at four levels (0, 0.3, 0.6, and 1.2 kg a.i. ha−1) to switchgrass (SG; Panicum virgatum L.) and a mixed sward (BBIG) of big bluestem (Andropogon gerardii Vitman) and indiangrass (Sorghastrum nutans L.) during 2016 and 2017. Forage mass (FM) and nutritive value [crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), in vitro true dry matter digestibility (IVTDMD)] were evaluated monthly. Application reduced fall FM (SG: 37%; BBIG: 42%). Switchgrass nutritive value did respond to TE application. Application of TE reduced BBIG NDF overall, but strong annual variation occurred due to a drought (2016). Analyzed separately, 2017 treated BBIG samples (1.2 kg a.i. ha−1) exhibited altered FM (−57%), CP (up to 54%), NDF (−9.2%), and IVTDMD (11%). Further analysis provided tentative evidence that TE improved leaf nutritive value and increased leaf proportion, although overall leaf yield was not improved. Overall, TE improved BBIG nutritive value but at a substantial FM loss. Since poor nutritive content forage has negligible value regardless of quantity, growth regulators could improve outcomes of fall NWSG management by adding value to an unutilized resource.
Managing Beef Backgrounding Residual Soil Contaminants by Alum and Biochar Amendments
Authors: Netthisinghe A. M. P. , Cook K. L. , Gilfillen R. A. , Woosley P. B. , Kingery T. , Sistani K. R.
Published: August 2018

Heavy manure‐derived contamination of soils can make animal congregating areas nonpoint sources for environmental pollution. In situ soil stabilization is a cost‐effective management strategy with a focus on lowering contaminant availability and limiting release to the environment. Soil stabilizing amendments can help mitigate the negative environmental impacts of contaminated soils. In this 2‐yr study, we examined the effects of adding no amendment (control) or treating with alum [Al2 (SO4)3⋅18H2O] or biochar as soil amendments on Mehlich‐3 extractable soil P, Cu, and Zn contents, antimicrobial monensin concentrations, total bacteria (16S ribosomal RNA [rRNA] gene), antibiotic resistance genes (sul1 and ermB), and Class 1 integrons (intI1) in an abandoned beef backgrounding setting. The alum reduced soil P (1374 to 1060 mg kg−1), Cu (7.7 to 3.2 mg kg−1), and Zn (52.4 to 19.6 mg kg−1) contents. Both alum and biochar reduced monesin concentrations (1.8 to 0.7 and 2.1 to 1.1 ng g−1, respectively). All the treatments harbored consistent 16S rRNA concentrations (109 copies g−1) throughout. The ermB gene concentration (105 copies g−1) was lower than either the sul1 or the intI1 genes (106 copies g−1), regardless of treatments. However, concentrations of all genes in the soils of animal congregation areas were higher than those in background soils with the least animal impact. In contrast with the effect on other contaminants, the effect of soil amendments on bacteria with antibiotic resistance genes was not biologically significant. Future research should be directed toward evaluating effective alternative methods to mitigate these bacterial populations.

Core Ideas

The abandoned beef backgrounding soils contain high levels of residual contaminants.

Alum effectively reduced environmentally significant soil nutrient concentrations.

Both alum and biochar treatments lowered residual soil monensin concentrations.

The amendment effects on antibiotic‐resistant genes were not biologically significant.
Storage of Bahiagrass Pollen at Different Temperatures
Authors: Dinato Naiana Barbosa , Santos Izulmé Rita Imaculada , Leonardecz Eduardo , Burson Byron L. , Quarín Camilo L. , de Paula Ailton Ferreira , Fávero Alessandra Pereira
Published: August 2018

Paspalum is an important genus of grasses, and some species are used for forage in the warmer regions of the world. Efforts to develop improved cultivars often require intra‐ and interspecific hybridization, but asynchronous flowering sometimes prevents hybridization between parental species. One method of circumventing this problem is to store pollen using cryopreservation so pollen will be available to pollinate the female parent when it flowers. Bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum Flügge) was used to determine if Paspalum pollen can be preserved using long‐term cold storage. Pollen was dehydrated with LiCl, MgCl2, NaOH, and silica gel for 30, 60, and 120 min. Both dehydrated and nondehydrated pollen were stored at 4, −20, and −196°C for 10, 60, 120, and 180 d. After thawing, pollen stainability and in vivo germination were used to assess viability. Stainability of fresh pollen was 73.3%, and for treated and stored pollen, it ranged from 25.3 to 71.3%. Storage at −20 and −196°C was superior to storage at 4°C. Pollen dehydrated with LiCl for 30 min stored best at −196°C; pollen dehydrated for 120 min with silica gel and for 30 and 60 min with MgCl2 stored best at −20°C. All samples regardless of treatment, storage temperature, or length of storage had viable pollen. These findings demonstrate that bahiagrass pollen can be stored in long‐term cold conditions, and this procedure can be used to circumvent problems associated with asynchronous flowering between parental species used in wide hybridization programs.
Anomalous Attachment Behavior of Nanoparticles inside Narrow Channels
Authors: Shen Chongyang , Jin Yan , Li Baoguo , Ruckenstein Eli , Shang Jianying , Huang Yuanfang
Published: August 2018

Core Ideas

We examined interaction energy for a nanoparticle inside a cylindrical nanochannel.

A non‐monotonic variation of energy barrier with ionic strength exists.

The energy barrier can disappear at all ionic strengths.

A critical ratio of inner channel radius to particle radius exists where transport is most favored.

Attachment of nanoparticles is inhibited inside channels with small thicknesses.

Understanding nanoparticle (NP) attachment inside narrow passages such as the pore throats of porous media and plant and animal tissues is critically important to assess the potential ecological and toxicological impact of NPs. This study investigated the attachment of a NP inside a cylindrical nano‐sized channel with finite wall thickness at various ionic strengths (ISs) by calculating the Derjaguin–Landau–Verwey–Overbeek (DLVO) interaction energy using a modified surface element integration technique. Results show that there is a critical value of the ratio of the inner channel diameter to NP diameter (RCN) at which the repulsive energy barrier reaches a maximum at a given IS and NP transport is most favored. A non‐monotonic variation of the energy barrier with IS was observed for RCNs smaller than the critical value. The repulsive energy barrier disappears at all ISs when the NP diameter is close to the inner channel diameter, resulting in favorable attachment at primary minima. The attached NP cannot be detached in these cases by a disturbance of system conditions because of increased primary‐minimum depths and accordingly enhanced adhesive forces. For a given RCN, decreasing the channel thickness can increase and decrease the interaction energy barrier and primary‐minimum depth for a NP inside the channel, respectively. Accordingly, NP attachment in primary minima is inhibited whereas transport is favored in channels with thin walls. These theoretical results provide plausible explanations of experimental observations that the retention of colloids in pore throats of porous media via straining is chemically favorable (i.e., no repulsive energy barrier exists) even at very low ISs and irreversible to reduction of the solution IS, and that NPs are favorably attached in narrow passages such as plant tissues and membrane pores.
VIABILITAS SEL EPITEL RONGGA MULUT (KB CELL LINE)YANG DIPAPAR EKSTRAK ETANOL KOPI
Authors: Phyma Agustinus Rudolf , Hutomo Suryani , Suryanto Yanti Ivana , Susilowati Heni
Published: August 2018

Latar belakang: Kafein merupakan zat yang terkandung dalam kopi, teh,

coklat, dan minuman bersoda. Zat dengan struktur kimia 1, 3, 7- trimethylxanthine ini merupakan derivat yang dikonsumsi hampir oleh seluruh masyarakat di seluruh dunia. Kandungan terbanyak kafein terdapat pada kopi. Penelitianterdahulu melaporkan adanya apoptosis pada osteoblas setelah dipapar kafein. Mengingat tingginya konsumsi kopi di dunia yang mengalami peningkatan 1,2 % per tahun sejak tahun 1980 hingga lebih dari 2 % pada tahun 2010, perlu dilakukan penelitian untuk mengetahui efek kafein pada epitel rongga mulut yang berkontak

langsung dengan kafein. Pada penelitian ini digunakan sel KB sebagai model epitel oral.

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis respon sel epitel rongga mulut terhadap paparan ekstrak etanol kopi ditinjau dari viabilitas sel KB.

Metode: Sel KB (2 x 104 sel) dikultur dalam DMEM pada microplate 96 well overnight sebelum perlakuan. Sel selanjutnya dipapar dengan ekstrak etanol kopi dalam berbagai konsentrasi (50 Ig/ml, 100 Ig/ml, 200 Ig/ml, 400 Ig/ml, 800 Ig/ ml) dan diinkubasi selama 24 jam dalam medium tanpa antibiotik. Sitotoksisitas diukur dengan menggunakan metode MTT assay. Data berupa nilai-nilai densitas optik dianalisis dengan Anava satu jalur

Hasil: Analisis varian satu jalur terhadap nilai-nilai densitas optik pada MTT assay menunjukkan perbedaan bermakna pada p<0,05. Hal ini mengindikasikan bahwa ekstrak etanol kopi mampu menurunkan viabilitas sel KB setelah dipapar selama 24 jam. Analisis LSD juga menunjukkan perbedaan antara semua kelompok perlakuan, yang artinya semakin tinggi konsentrasi semakin rendah viabilitas sel KB yang terpapar.

Kesimpulan: Ekstrak etanol kopi menyebabkan kematian sel KB. Diperlukan studi lebih lanjut untuk mengklarifkasi tipe kerusakan sel yang diakibatkan oleh kafein.

Kata kunci: kafein, sel KB, viabilitas sel
LAPORAN KASUS KEJADIAN LUAR BIASA LEPTOSPIROSIS DI MAGETAN, JAWA TIMUR
Authors: Sanyasi Rosa De Lima Renita
Published: August 2018

Pendahuluan: Leptospirosis merupakan penyakit zoonosis yang disebabkan oleh bakteri Leptospira sp. Lepstospirosis banyak dijumpai di negara tropis dan negara berkembang, termasuk Indonesia. Timbulnya atau meningkatnya kejadian kesakitan dan atau kematian yang bermakna secara epidemiologi pada suatu daerah dalam kurun waktu tertentu dan merupakan keadaan yang dapat menjurus pada terjadinya wabah disebut sebagai kejadian luar biasa (KLB). Selama ini belum pernah terdapat kasus leptospirosis yang dijumpai di Magetan, Jawa Timur.

Tujuan: Laporan kasus ini bertujuan untuk menjabarkan kronologi KLB leptospirosis di Magetan, Jawa Timur.

Hasil dan Pembahasan: Pasien perempuan berusia 40 tahun datang ke Puskesmas Panekan, Magetan, Jawa Timur dengan keluhan demam sejak 6 hari sebelumnya disertai dengan mual, muntah, nyeri di perut sebelah kanan, nyeri pada kedua betis, sesak nafas, dan mata berubah menjadi berwarna kuning. Pasien menjalani rawat inap di Puskesmas. Dari hasil pemeriksaan darah dan urin, diperoleh leukositosis, peningkatan SGOT, SGPT, alkalin phosphatase, BUN, kreatinin, serta proteinuria dan hematuria. Pada hari kedua rawat inap, pasien mengeluh pandangan menjadi kabur, demam semakin meningkat, buang air kecil semakin sedikit dan disertai rasa nyeri. Pasien dirujuk ke rumah sakit umum daerah, tetapi pasien meninggal pada hari kesembilan dari onset penyakit dan rapid diagnostic test (RDT) belum sempat dilakukan. Kasus ini termasuk dalam kasus suspek leptospirosis. Meskipun belum sempat dilakukan pemeriksaan RDT, Dinas Kesehatan Magetan sepakat menyatakan kasus ini sebagai kasus KLB oleh karena hingga menimbulkan kematian.

Kesimpulan: Kasus ini digolongkan sebagai KLB di Magetan, Jawa Timur oleh karena adanya kematian pada pasien dengan suspek leptospirosis.
Being in Crisis: Scenes of Blindness and Insight in Tragedy
Authors: Katafiasz Kate
Published: August 2018

Tragedy was considered ‘highly serious, political (in some sense)—and religious’, at its origin in Athens in 427 BCE (Winnington-Ingram, 1989: 5). In spite of its centuries-old existence the trope still troubles theatre and performance philosophy scholars. As Simon Critchley (2017) recently put it: ‘What kind of hedonism is the pleasure we take in tragedy, which depicts not just suffering and death, but the ghostly porosity of the frontier separating the living from the dead?’ (37). This paper makes use of, and critiques Critchley’s scholarship. It explores his notion of tragedy’s porous frontier in relation to the skene, the boundary that bisected the ancient stage and restricted audience vision at critical moments in the drama. The paper links the skene functionally to other such pivotal boundaries or ‘scenes’, to generate an interdisciplinary range of approaches to the precarious experience of having sight and hearing momentarily dislocated from each other. In the process the paper contests Critchley’s Platonic concerns about tragedy’s deceptive and sadistic inflections, to offer an entirely new take on the ancient art form; one which may shed fresh light on Performance Philosophy’s foundational debates concerning the use, or demolition, of boundaries.
The Listening Theatre: A Metamodern Politics of Performance
Authors: Drayton Tom
Published: August 2018

This article offers a speculative analysis of emerging modalities and methods of creating within contemporary political performance made by British millennial artists that I argue have arisen in response to specific socio-economic, political and philosophical crises affecting us. By locating the term ‘millennial’ as a structure of feeling, as per Raymond Williams, I argue that, despite the inherent hypocrisy of generational research, the impact of these crises upon members of the generation has led particular artists to create empathetic dialogues between audience and performer. This article also argues that the emerging concept of metamodernism, popularised by Timotheus Vermeulen and Robin van den Akker, is inherent in understanding this reading of the millennial, and descriptive of particular ethical and aesthetic developments within millennial, political theatre. This article argues that these developments are in a direct response to the metamodern shift towards the essence of progress and truth as acts and ideas that also necessitate and propel constant crisis, oscillation and dialogue.
Posibles impactos en el sistema tributario de Colombia en su intención de ser miembro de la OCDE
Authors: Montoya Presiga Marta Yesenia , Girón Uribe Paula Andrea , Hernández Ramírez Ferley Augusto
Published: August 2018

Se desarrollan las implicaciones que en materia tributaria tiene para Colombia la intención de ser miembro de la Organización para la Cooperación y el Desarrollo Económico (OCDE) mediante una exploración bibliográfica de las modificaciones realizadas en la legislación colombiana de cara a la recomendaciones de la OCDE y del enfoque que se dará a la tributación en Colombia a partir de ello. Los cambios sustanciales se dirigen a la suscripción de CDI de acuerdo al modelo OCDE, de convenios de intercambio de información con otros países, las acciones BEPS y el régimen de precios de transferencia, además de las recomendaciones de la Comisión de Expertos para la Equidad y la Competitividad Tributaria para alcanzar una estructura tributaria justa y equitativa.
Concept of Hematopoietic and Stromal Niches for Cell-Based Diagnostics and Regenerative Medicine (a Review)
Authors: Khlusov Igor A. , Litvinova Larisa S. , Khlusova Marina Yu. , Yurova Kristina A.
Published: August 2018

Background:

R. Schofield (1978) proposed a hypothesis of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) niche
(specialized cell microenvironment). An existence of osteoblastic and vascular niches for HSCs has been postulated
since 2003. At the same time, the discussion about the existence and functioning of niche for multipotent
mesenchymal stromal cells (MMSCs) is just beginning to develop. The design of artificial materials capable of
biomimetical reproductionof the cellular and tissue microenvironment based on ideas and main elements borrowed
from wildlife is an experimental approach in search of the stem cell niches.

Results:

Recent attempts to model the microterritories (niches) for HSCs have been undertaken and the behavior
of cells in such structures has been investigated. However, the main quantitative factors involved in the original
design of stem cell microterritories remain unknown. At the modern stage, the topography, hierarchy, and the size
of the niches have to be determined, because the definition of the niches as morphological (structural and functional)
units (microterritories), which provides the conditions for vital activity of stem cells, implies finite values
of its parameters. The aim of this review was the critical review of key milestones of the niche concept for HSCs
and MMSCs as we understood it.

Conclusion:

We speculated our definition of the stem cell niche, proposed and described certain stages (postulation;
morphofunctional; topographical; quantitative; bioengineering) of the niche theory development. Prospective
directions of the niche designing for cell-based diagnostics and regenerative medicine were noted.
Blood Biomarkers for the Differentiation of Cardiac Ischemic Stroke Subtypes: A Systematic Review
Authors: Pathak Abhishek , Pandey Surya P. , Madhukar Prasoon , Dev Priya , Joshi Deepika , Mishra Vijay N. , Chaurasia Rameshwar N.
Published: August 2018

Background:

Blood biomarkers are a cost-effective and valid method to diagnose
ischemic stroke and differentiate its subtypes in countries with poor resources.

Objective:

To perform a systematic review of published literature evaluating the diagnostic utility
of blood-based biomarkers to diagnose and differentiate the etiology of ischemic stroke.

Methods:

A comprehensive literature search was carried out till December 2017 in major scientific
and medical databases including PubMed, Cochrane, OVID and Google Scholar. Modified Quality
Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies questionnaire was used to assess the methodological
quality of each study.

Results:

Twenty-six studies were identified relevant to our systematic review. Various biomarkers
have been studied, though only a few biomarkers such as a B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and Ddimer
have proved their clinical utility. None of the other tested biomarkers appeared to have
consistent results to diagnose ischemic stroke subtypes. Most of the studies had limitations in the
classification of ischemic stroke, sample size, sample collection time, methods, biomarker selection
and data analysis.

Conclusion:

Our systematic review does not recommend the use of any blood biomarker for
clinical purposes based on the studies conducted to date. BNP and D-dimer may present optimal
biomarker for diagnosis and differentiation of ischemic stroke. However, large well-designed
clinical studies are required to validate utility of these biomarkers to differentiate subtypes of
ischemic stroke.
Food Web Analysis of Jordanelle Reservoir, Utah, USA: Where Do All the Rainbows Go?
Authors: Verde Joshua A. , Belk Mark C.
Published: August 2018

Background:

Reservoir communities in the intermountain west are typically dominated by a mix of introduced fishes. Due to the non-coevolved interactions present in these communities, energy flow and trophic interactions may not facilitate optimal growth and survival for all species. It is difficult to predict how well each species will survive in such novel communities. One such community is in Jordanelle Reservoir in northern Utah, USA. Recently, low survival and recruitment of stocked rainbow trout (Onchorhynchus mykiss) have been observed in Jordanelle Reservoir.

Objective:

We characterize the food web structure of the fish community in Jordanelle reservoir to infer competitive or predatory interactions that might lead to a poor return of stocked rainbow trout.

Methods:

We performed a stable isotope analysis on the fish community in Jordanelle Reservoir and carried out niche space analyses using the software package Stable Isotope Bayesian Ellipse (SIBER) in R.

Results:

Small rainbow trout exhibit high competitive overlap with brown trout (Salmo trutta), smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieu), and yellow perch (Perca flavescens). In addition, large brown trout and large smallmouth bass may feed heavily on small rainbow trout.

Conclusion:

Food web analysis suggests that rainbow trout encounter a highly competitive and potentially high predation environment in Jordanelle reservoir, leading to observed low return rates.
Methods for implementing the Kuznyechik algorithm on FPGAs
Authors: Kalistru I. I. , Borodin M. A. , Rybkin A. S. , Gladko R. A.
Published: August 2018

Increased volumes and speed of data transmission over computer networks, and also the need to protect the transmitted data, require accordingly to increase the speed of cryptographic data processing. One of the ways to achieve high performance is implementation of FPGAs-based cryptographic equipment. Therewith, to cut the cost of equipment, it is important that encryption modules shall consume a minimum possible hardware resources. The work aims to find the most compact high-speed solution for FPGA-based Kuznyechik block cipher. Several methods for hardware implementation of linear transformation, which is used in Kuznyechik cipher, have been reviewed. Various aspects of implementation of these methods taking into account the architecture of target FPGAs are investigated. We also consider aspects of the FPGA implementation of nonlinear transformation, which is used in Kuznyechik block cipher. Resource consumption by various implemented solutions of linear transformation has been estimated. A relatively compact high-speed implemented solution of Kuznyechik block cipher has been obtained and tested on the real equipment. The achieved values of speed for iterative and fully pipelined implementations of the algorithm have been presented.