bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Neonatal Hyperthyroidism: Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Rahmouni S. , Abourazzak S. , Kojmane W. , Hmami F.
Published: September 2024

The onset of Graves' disease during pregnancy exposes the newborn to the risk of neonatal hyperthyroidism due to the transplacental passage of anti-thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) receptor antibodies. We report the case of a child whose mother was diagnosed with Graves' disease during pregnancy. Clinical hyperthyroidism appeared only a few days after birth and was confirmed by hormonal tests. Thanks to treatment with synthetic antithyroid drugs, the child's clinical and biological course was favorable. It is essential to systematically screen for neonatal hyperthyroidism in newborns of mothers with Graves' disease, as the absence of immediate clinical signs after birth does not rule out the diagnosis. The pediatrician must be aware of this thyroid condition even in the absence of an identified maternal history, in order to enable rapid therapeutic management.
Low-Dose Opioid Spinal Analgesia during Cesarean Section at the Commune 1 Reference Health Center of Bamako
Authors: K Haïdara, M. , B Keïta, , I Coulibaly, M. , K Touré, M. , I Keïta, S. , S Diallo, , Y Sylla, , I Diarra, , B Diarra, , S Coulibaly, , B Traoré, K. , I Sidibé, , D Kanthé,
Published: September 2024

The need to provide maternal comfort and facilitate rapid recovery during caesarean section requires pain management. The aim of our study of low-dose morphine spinal analgesia during caesarean section was to evaluate its effectiveness during and after the operation. Methodology: We conducted a prospective, descriptive, cross-sectional study lasting 6 months from 1 July to 31 December 2023. It involved 101 Caesarean women undergoing spinal analgesia, selected by random sampling at the reference health centre in Commune I of the Bamako district. Results: The mean age of the patients was 27 ±1.51 years, with ASA I classification in 63.4%. The combination of bupivacaine 10 mg and morphine 0.1 mg was used in 68.3% of cases. The mean duration of motor block release was 2.78 ± 0.7 hours. The manifestation of pain (VAS=0) was 100% at H1 (first hour), with peaks of VAS [1,3] in 42.57% and VAS [4,6] in 6.97% at H4 (fourth hour). Arterial hypotension was found in 57% of cases. From H12 onwards, all the women were very satisfied. Conclusion: The efficacy of morphine spinal analgesia during caesarean section has been proven in all our parturients from H12 (twelfth hour). However, pain management in the first few hours must be started with a well-adapted protocol.
Assesment of the Risk Factors and Frequency of Iron Deficiency Based on the Severity of Hemophilla-A
Authors: Masud Dr. Md. Adnan Hasan , Islam Dr. Khan Anisul , Rahman Dr. Atiar , Islam Dr. Md. Khairul , Sonia Dr. Farah Anjum , Ahmed Dr. Zia Uddin , Parveen Dr. Shahanaj
Published: September 2024

Background: Hemophilia is a rare inherited X-linked recessive disorder characterized by deficiency of Factor VIII or Factor IX coagulant activity required for generation of Thrombin in the Intrinsic pathway of coagulation. Prevalence of hemophilia in Bangladesh in unknown. With increase in severity of the disease, patients experience increased frequency of spontaneous bleed. Iron deficiency is expected in these vulnerable population due either to presence of occult blood loss in urine/stool or deposition of iron in synovial membrane during repeated bleeding episodes. Objective: To find out frequency and relative risk of iron deficiency according to severity of hemophilla-A. Methods: This cross-secitonal study was conducted in the Department of Transfusion Medicine, BSMMU, Dhaka from 1-03-2021 to 1-03-2022. Within this period, a total of 56 hemophilia patients who visited the Department of Transfusion Medicine of BSMMU were included in this study. All patients were thoroughly evaluated by history and clinical examination. Baseline characteristics including age, sex, height, weight, smoking status will be recorded, relevant other information like pulse, blood pressure, temperature, anemia, hypertension, diabetes, CBC, hemoglobin, ferritin, bleeding time, clotting time, prothrombin time were recorded in a preformed data collection sheet. The results were expressed as frequency & percentage (categorical data) and mean ± SD (numerical data). Unpaired t-tests and Chi-Square tests will be performed as applicable using SPSS for windows version 22.0 and p<0.05 will be considered as the level of significant. Ethical clearance will be obtained from the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of BSMMU. Results: Prevalence of iron deficiency was 29 (51.8%) among the patients with hemophilia A. Mean age of hemophilia patients was 18.39 ± 8.43 years and maximum of them were in age group 11-20 years. Most common bleeding sites were knee joint (41.1%), ankle joint (19.6%), hip joint ......
The Management of Congenital Idiopathic Clubfoot Deformity: An Observational Study
Authors: Hossain Dr. Mohammad Sazzad , Musa Dr. Sharif Md.
Published: September 2024

Background: Club feet are a frequent birth defect, and congenital club foot is one of the most prevalent. Patients with this condition are often treated with surgery. A congenital club foot is a complicated joint malformation that may take many different forms. Objective: To observe the management of congenital idiopathic clubfoot deformity. Methodology: This research was conducted between January 2007 and December 2008 at the orthopaedic department of Bangabanghu Sheikh Mujib Medical University in Shahbag, Dhaka. Group-I included 13 patients with 19 feet who had surgery using Mckay's process, and Group-II included 12 patients with 17 feet who underwent surgery using Turco's technique, for a total of 25 patients with 36 feet. There was complete observance of all ethical norms. Medical history, physical exams, and specific tests all pointed to a positive diagnosis. Two groups then had surgery, one through the Turco incision and the other via the Cincinnati one. SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Science) was used for the statistical analysis. Results: The next most common age range was between 12 and 17 years old. McKay's method had a success rate of 23.07%, whereas Turco's method achieved a success rate of 25.0%. There were around 75% males and 25% females in the Turco group. There were more men than women in McKay's group (61.53% vs. 38.46%). Four patients included their right foot (21.05%), three their left foot (15.80%), and six their both feet (63.15%) during McKay surgery. Of McKay's patients who had the treatment, just 10.54 percent had negative results, while the remaining 89.46 percent performed well. Conclusion: Everyone agrees that a congenital clubfoot abnormality should be surgically corrected. Bias was not a possibility. It may be advantageous for our people if this prospective research evaluating the results of the Turco and McKay surgical procedures for treating congenital clubfoot is completed.
Numerical Analysis of a BDF2 finite Element Scheme for Navier-Stokes-Omega Model
Authors: Wang Hongjian
Published: September 2024

In this paper, we study a second-order backward difference formula (BDF2) scheme for the Navier-Stokes-omega (NS-omega) model. By employing the stabilization scheme for space discretization and the BDF2 method for time discretization of NS-omega model, we obtain the fully discrete approximation of them. The paper provides an analysis of the unconditional stability and convergence of the approximate solutions. Furthermore, the numerical experiments are conducted to validate the theoretical findings and demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed scheme.
A Survey on the Growth and Development of MSME in Tamil Nadu
Authors: Raj Taflin S , R Radhika
Published: September 2024

Micro Small and Medium Enterprise (MSME) provides a vital contribution towards financial expansion and advancement in the development of the economy. This system provides an environment for nurturing various innovative ideas and creativity. This in turn paves the way to create jobs and uplift the socio-status of the livelihood, and subsequently regarded as the world's economic foundation. Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) assist industries as supplementary units, making a significant contribution to the country's total growth in industry. These industries produce, manufacture, and deal with various products and commodities. When compared with the year 2022, there is a 29% increase in the commercial sector as well as a 20% increase in the overall supply sector in lakhs, which leads to an increase of 12% in crores for MSME growth throughout India in 2023. This research work puts forth the several implications of MSME in the development of MSME in Tamil Nadu
PERFIL EPIDEMIOLÓGICO DA MORTALIDADE POR NEOPLASIAS MALIGNAS DO ESTÔMAGO NO BRASIL DURANTE O PERÍODO DE 2019 A 2023
Authors: Santos José Vinicius dos , Araújo Mariana Ribeiro Lima Lins de , Toledo Mariana Costa Marinho , Junior Flávio Luiz da Costa , Cerqueira José César de Oliveira , Lima Adne Cavalcante Guerrera , Diniz Andressa Sakamoto Alves , Sá Laís Lobo Coimbra Brandão , Nunes Mayanny Carlla Barbosa , Monteiro Rebeca Antunes , Milones Maria Eduarda da Silva Valença , Duarte Kristiane Ferreira , Nascimento Jackson Manoel Diniz do , Cannecchia Lívia Alves Cavalcanti , Neto Flavio Miranda Maia , Cavalcanti Marçal Flores Barbosa Fortes
Published: September 2024

Introdução: O câncer de estômago se destaca como o quinto mais frequente, com aproximadamente 21 mil diagnósticos. Na população masculina, essa neoplasia é a quarta mais comum, correspondendo a cerca de 5,9 % dos casos. A infecção pela bactéria Helicobacter Pylori é o principal fator de risco para o surgimento do câncer de estômago. O adenocarcinoma é o tipo histológico mais comum, representando até 95 % dos casos identificados. Objetivo: Descrever o perfil socioepidemiológico da mortalidade por neoplasias malignas do estômago no Brasil, durante o período de 2019 a 2023. Metodologia: Estudo observacional, transversal, descritivo, através do levantamento de dados epidemiológicos, obtidas no Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde (DATASUS), nas subseções do Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade (SIM). Foram coletados os dados de distribuição de faixa etária, de sexo, de raça/cor e da região geográfica, através dos dados do DATASUS referentes ao CID10-C16. Resultados: No período de 2019 a 2023, foram registrados 72.293 mil óbitos por neoplasias malignas do estômago no Brasil. Os resultados evidenciaram uma maior prevalência de óbitos entre homens (63 %), indivíduos de cor branca (48,58 %), idosos entre 70 a 79 anos (26,40 %), e residentes na região Sudeste (43,93 %). Conclusão:  Os dados evidenciam a relevância de implementar estratégias preventivas e políticas de saúde focadas na detecção precoce e no tratamento eficiente dessa neoplasia, com o objetivo de diminuir as desigualdades no acesso aos serviços de saúde e promover o bem estar da população brasileira.
Identidad cultural versus ciencias sociales
Authors: Ortiz Blanco Adriana
Published: September 2024

The well-known debate that has become a myth regarding the relationship between Social Sciences and Particular Sciences today reaches a different nuance when the processes of cultural identity are studied from the former, the latter concept of polysemy and fluidity. which gives rise to a multitude of definitions and reinterpretations. In the brief space of this work, the relationship between cultural identity and the Social Sciences is analyzed from a theoretical perspective to discern some challenges that today's changing world imposes on this important nexus. The human being, when transformed into a knowing, valuing, affective subject with acquisition and capable of producing knowledge, is part of a culture and therefore of a cultural identity. The main results are found in the challenges for the social sciences, among which we can mention: dynamics of historical development of society over time, cultural differences seen as particular identities where prejudices and tolerance are included, and cultural awareness that allows know the ways in which human beings express and represent their roots or belonging to a social group. The conclusions assert that cultural identity is constantly being created, it should not be reduced only to belonging to a group, it is something that is outlined as a horizon without a finished point.Keywords: culture. Identity. Cultural identity. Social Sciences.
Presupuestos teóricos en torno a la Historia en la Educación Superior Cubana
Authors: Ortiz Blanco Aimé Teresa
Published: September 2024

The article presented constitutes a new look at the place and role of History as a science in Higher Education in Cuba. Its objective is to offer some theoretical assumptions about this problem and the essential elements that mark the historical trend through which the links with society run to account for behaviors, attitudes and social relationships. Higher Education is directed towards a new interpretation of History, framed in the demands that Cuban society demands. Theoretical level methods were used such as: logical historical and dialectical hermeneutics, which allowed the understanding, explanation, interpretation of History as a science and its importance in the training of the university professional. The main results are framed in some assumptions that from a theoretical point of view allow us to take a new look at History. The conclusions are that History as a science must be analyzed with a comprehensive, totalizing vision, always respecting the space or context of coexistence and study. With this, achieving a new awareness that overcomes dogmas and mechanistic positions about this science.
Enhancing Order to Cash Processes in SAP Sales and Distribution
Authors: Sivaprasad Nadukuru  , Murali Mohana Krishna Dandu  , Vanitha Sivasankaran Balasubramaniam  , A Renuka  , Om Goel,
Published: September 2024

In the dynamic landscape of global business, optimizing Order to Cash (O2C) processes has become imperative for organizations striving to achieve operational excellence and customer satisfaction. This paper explores strategies for enhancing O2C processes within the SAP Sales and Distribution (SD) module, focusing on improving efficiency, accuracy, and overall performance. The SAP SD module plays a pivotal role in managing sales transactions, from order processing to invoice generation and payment collection. However, many organizations face challenges such as manual data entry, delayed order fulfillment, and inconsistent customer interactions, which can hinder their financial performance and customer relationships.
This study presents a comprehensive analysis of best practices for streamlining O2C processes in SAP SD. Key areas of focus include automating routine tasks to reduce manual errors, integrating data across different systems to enhance visibility and control, and leveraging advanced analytics to gain insights into process inefficiencies. Additionally, the paper examines the implementation of innovative technologies such as artificial intelligence and machine learning to further refine order management and forecasting capabilities.
By adopting these enhancements, organizations can achieve faster order processing times, improved cash flow management, and higher customer satisfaction levels. The paper concludes with practical recommendations for businesses seeking to optimize their O2C processes, emphasizing the importance of a holistic approach that integrates technology, process reengineering, and continuous improvement.
This research provides valuable insights for both practitioners and scholars interested in advancing the efficiency and effectiveness of O2C processes within the SAP SD framework, ultimately contributing to enhanced organizational performance and competitive advantage.
Optimizing Cross Functional Team Collaboration in IT Project Management
Authors: Vanitha Sivasankaran Balasubramaniam  , Vishwasrao Salunkhe  , Shashwat Agrawal  , Prof.(Dr) Punit Goel  , Vikhyat Gupta  , Dr. Alok Gupta
Published: September 2024

In the dynamic landscape of IT project management, cross-functional team collaboration has emerged as a critical factor for success. This paper explores the strategies and practices that enhance collaboration among diverse teams, each bringing specialized skills to meet project objectives. Effective collaboration within these teams can mitigate common challenges such as communication gaps, misaligned priorities, and workflow inefficiencies, which often impede project progress. The research delves into the significance of fostering a culture of transparency, utilizing project management tools, and establishing clear communication protocols to bridge the gap between different functional areas. Additionally, it highlights the role of leadership in driving collaboration by encouraging mutual respect, adaptability, and the sharing of knowledge across departments.
Furthermore, the study identifies how agile methodologies and collaborative software platforms can streamline the coordination of tasks, ensuring that team members work cohesively despite their varying expertise. The findings suggest that optimizing cross-functional collaboration leads to improved problem-solving capabilities, enhanced innovation, and more efficient resource utilization. By leveraging the strengths of diverse teams and fostering an environment of continuous feedback, IT project managers can achieve better alignment with project goals and higher overall performance. The paper concludes with recommendations for IT organizations to invest in training and the adoption of tools that promote seamless collaboration to ensure project success in a fast-evolving technological landscape.
The Role of Internet of Battlefield Things in Modern Warfare: A Cybersecurity Perspective
Authors: Savant Shounak Sushil , Sharma Sumit KR
Published: September 2024

The Internet of Battlefield Things (IoBT) is revolutionizing military operations by integrating interconnected devices and autonomous systems into combat environments, significantly enhancing decision-making, communication, and battlefield efficiency. However, this reliance on IoBT introduces substantial cybersecurity risks, exposing military networks to sophisticated cyber threats such as hacking, malware, and Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks. This paper explores the interplay between IoBT and the cyber domain, identifying the key challenges, vulnerabilities, and solutions necessary to secure these interconnected systems in the context of modern warfare. The study reviews the architectural components of IoBT, including sensors, drones, and communication networks, and examines their potential weaknesses in the face of cyberattacks. Additionally, it discusses common attack vectors such as Man-in-the-Middle (MitM) and zero-day exploits, which pose significant risks to military systems. To counter these threats, the paper evaluates various cybersecurity strategies, including the application of artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning (ML), blockchain technology, and robust encryption protocols designed to enhance the resilience and security of IoBT networks. Case studies of real-world IoBT deployments and cyber breaches further illustrate the practical implications of these challenges and defense mechanisms.
Creative Self Efficacy in Mediating the Effect of Transformational Leadership and Innovative Behavior on Employee Performance
Authors: Ravi khurana  , Dr. Sourabh Sharma
Published: September 2024

PT Pegadaian (Persero) is one of financial institution in the form of channeling funds to the public on the basis of the law of pawning. PT Pegadaian (Persero) Regional Office VII Denpasar in 2018 - 2020 has a low KPI value in the last 3 years compared to other regional offices throughout Indonesia. The decline in employee performance can be influenced by several factors, including leadership, innovative behavior and creative self-efficacy. This study was conducted to determine the role of creative self-efficacy in mediating the effect of transformational leadership and innovative behavior on employee performance. The sampling technique used was proportionate random sampling as many as 227 respondents were employees of PT Pegadaian (Persero) Regional Office VII Denpasar. Data were analyzed using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) based on Partial Least Square (PLS). The results shows creative self-efficacy, transformational leadership and innovative behavior have a positive and significant effect on employee performance (t statistic
> 1.96). The results of the mediation analysis showed that creative self-efficacy was not able to mediate transformational leadership on employee performance (18.3%) but was able to partially mediate the effect of innovative behavior on employee performance (41.7%). This research is expected to be empirical evidence for future research and to be able to enrich the theory of social exchange, transformational leadership, innovative behavior and creative self-efficacy. In addition, this research is expected to provide information as a leader in improving employee performance in the PT Pegadaian (Persero) Regional Office VII Denpasar.
Improving Database Performance with SQL Server Optimization Techniques
Authors: Krishna Kishor Tirupati  , Dr S P Singh  , Sivaprasad Nadukuru  , Shalu Jain  , Raghav Agarwal
Published: September 2024

Database performance is critical for ensuring efficient data management and retrieval, particularly in environments that utilize SQL Server. As the complexity and size of databases increase, performance optimization becomes essential for maintaining responsiveness and reliability. This paper examines a range of SQL Server optimization techniques that can significantly enhance database performance. Key strategies include effective indexing, which improves query execution speed; query optimization, which refines SQL statements for better efficiency; and proper database configuration, which ensures that SQL Server is tuned for optimal resource utilization. Additionally, we explore the importance of regular maintenance tasks such as updating statistics and monitoring performance metrics to identify bottlenecks. By employing these techniques, database administrators can minimize latency, reduce resource consumption, and enhance overall system performance. Furthermore, this paper highlights the significance of ongoing performance assessments to adapt to evolving application demands and data growth. Ultimately, implementing these optimization strategies not only boosts SQL Server performance but also contributes to improved user experiences and organizational productivity.
Architectural Approaches to Migrating Key Features in Android Apps
Authors: Archit Joshi  , Krishna Kishor Tirupati  , Akshun Chhapola  , Shalu Jain  , Om Goel,
Published: September 2024

The rapid evolution of Android platforms and user expectations necessitates continual enhancement and migration of key features within Android applications. This paper explores various architectural approaches to effectively migrate essential functionalities in Android apps, ensuring scalability, maintainability, and optimal user experience. Initially, the study delineates the challenges inherent in feature migration, including compatibility issues, performance constraints, and the preservation of existing user interfaces. It then examines prominent architectural paradigms such as Model-View-View Model (MVVM), Clean Architecture, and modular architectures, evaluating their suitability for facilitating seamless feature transitions. The research further investigates the role of microservices and component-based designs in enabling incremental migration, allowing developers to update or replace specific modules without overhauling the entire application. Additionally, the paper discusses best practices for managing dependencies, ensuring backward compatibility, and employing automated testing to mitigate risks during the migration process. Case studies of successful Android app migrations are presented to illustrate the practical application of these architectural strategies. The findings highlight that adopting a modular and flexible architectural framework significantly enhances the ability to migrate key features efficiently while minimizing disruptions. Moreover, the integration of robust architectural patterns fosters better code maintainability and accelerates the development cycle for future updates. In conclusion, this study provides a comprehensive guide for Android developers aiming to navigate the complexities of feature migration, advocating for architectural approaches that balance innovation with stability. The insights garnered offer valuable implications for the design and evolution of resilient Android applications in a dynamic technological landscape.
Leveraging Power BI for Enhanced Data Visualization and Business Intelligence
Authors: Krishna Kishor Tirupati  , Archit Joshi  , Dr S P Singh  , Akshun Chhapola  , Shalu Jain  , Dr. Alok Gupta
Published: September 2024

In today’s data-driven world, businesses must harness the power of data to remain competitive and make informed decisions. Power BI, a leading business analytics tool from Microsoft, offers comprehensive capabilities for transforming raw data into meaningful insights. This paper explores the benefits of leveraging Power BI for enhanced data visualization and business intelligence. It emphasizes how Power BI’s interactive dashboards, customizable reports, and real-time data updates empower organizations to gain deeper insights and foster data-driven decision-making. By integrating data from various sources, Power BI allows users to visualize trends, patterns, and anomalies through its intuitive and user-friendly interface. Moreover, its AI-powered features and advanced analytics tools make predictive analytics more accessible, driving future strategies. This paper also examines the collaborative potential of Power BI, as teams can easily share reports and insights across departments. As businesses increasingly adopt digital transformation strategies, Power BI stands out as a vital tool for improving operational efficiency, understanding market trends, and driving business growth. This study highlights the significance of Power BI in supporting organizations to not only interpret complex data but also to stay agile and responsive in an evolving business environment. In conclusion, Power BI’s robust data visualization and business intelligence capabilities offer organizations a competitive edge in today’s fast-paced, data-centric landscape.
Transformative Impact of Islamic Spiritual Care (ISC) Enriched with Murottal: Alleviating Anxiety and Depression among Coronary Heart Disease Patients through Pre- and Post-Intervention Analysis
Authors: Wisuda Aris Citra
Published: September 2024

Background:Spiritual care is a vital component of comprehensive nursing, especially for patients in palliative care, such as those with coronary heart disease. While pharmacological and medical interventions remain the primary approach for heart-related conditions, the substantial success rate observed with spiritual therapy incorporating Murottal recitations highlights its significant impact on improving patients' quality of life, particularly in managing anxiety and depression.
Objective:This study aimed to assess the differences in anxiety and depression scores among cardiovascular patients diagnosed with coronary heart disease before and after the application of Islamic spiritual care interventions using Murottal, in both intervention and control groups.
Method:Using a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest design with a control group, the study involved a population of 156 coronary heart disease patients undergoing treatment. Simple random sampling produced a sample size of 110 patients at Muhammadiyah Hospital in Palembang, South Sumatra, Indonesia. Respondents were divided into two groups of 55 participants each. The intervention group received spiritual care through Murottal, while the control group received standard hospital therapy. Levels of anxiety and depression were measured using the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS).
Results:The Wilcoxon test results for anxiety and depression variables in the intervention group showed a p-value of <0.005, indicating a significant difference in anxiety and depression scores before and after receiving the spiritual care intervention with Murottal.
Conclusion:Islamic spiritual care (ISC) services incorporating Murottal recitations have the potential to reduce anxiety and depression among coronary heart disease patients at Muhammadiyah Hospital in Palembang, South Sumatra, Indonesia.
Keywords: Anxiety, Coronary Heart Disease, Depression, Murottal, Spiritual Care, Patient.
Healthcare Professional’ Roles Educate Exclusive Breastfeeding: A Qualitative Exploratory Study of Strategies and Challenges
Authors: Mertasari Luh , Duarsa Dyah Paramita , Ani Luh Seri , Kusuma Anak Agung Ngurah Jaya , Bakta I Made
Published: September 2024

Background:The exclusive breastfeeding program has been in place for several years, but its implementation in various countries remains suboptimal. To reduce health risks for both mothers and children, exclusive breastfeeding education should begin as early as possible during pregnancy.

Objective:This study aimed to explore models of exclusive breastfeeding education during pregnancy.

Method:This study used a qualitative descriptive design with an exploratory approach. The sample included all parties involved in providing exclusive breastfeeding education within the Public Health Centers working areas of Buleleng I, Sukasada I, and II. The participants comprised 35 healthcare professionals, pregnant women, postpartum mothers, and hamlet heads. Data were collected through in-depth interviews using semi-structured interview guidelines until data saturation was reached. Interviews were conducted via video calls and private messages to confirm the transcription results.

Results:Thematic analysis identified three main themes: Healthcare professionals’ roles, knowledge, attitudes, and support (including multiple roles, perceptions about exclusive breastfeeding education, and formal motivation and support); Education strategy and mechanisms (encompassing educational strategies, methods, preparation, location, schedule, time allocation, content, stages, media, and effectiveness evaluation); Challenges (such as lack of knowledge, maternal circumstances, and environmental conditions).

Conclusion:Public health centers should provide structured education, with midwives playing a key role in promoting exclusive breastfeeding. The delivery of education should remain flexible to accommodate various conditions.

Keywords:Breastfeeding; Child; Health knowledge; Midwifery; Postpartum period
Günümüzdə ingilis dilində təyinin ifadə vasitələri
Authors:   AEM ( Azerbaijan Science Center ), Balayeva Aytən
Published: September 2024

Xülasə Təyin subyektin əlamətini ifadə edən cümlənin ikinci dərəcəli üzvü olub, aşağıdakı sualları cavablandırır: what? (hansı), what kind of? (necə), whose? (kimin), which (hansı), how much? how many? (neçə, nə qədər). İngilis dilində təyin, əlamətini bildirdiyi sözün qarşısında (prepozitiv təyin) və ondan sonra (postpozitiv təyin) işlənə bilir. Təyin edilən sözün qarşısında işlənən təyin prepozitiv, ondan sonra işlənən isə postpozitiv təyin adlanır. Qeyd etmək lazımdır ki, müasir ingilis dili üçün xarakterik olan təyin prepozitiv təyin hesab edilir. Müasir ingilis dilində təyin, sözün qarşısında və ya ondan sonra işlənməsindən asılı olmayaraq, təyin edilən sözdən asılıdır.
Molecular Mechanics Simulation and Ftir Spectrocopy Optimization of Secondary Structure of Aβ (25-35) Peptide
Authors:   AEM ( Azerbaijan Science Center ), Najafova Gulyaz , Aghayeva Gulshan ,   AEM ( Azerbaijan Science Center)
Published: September 2024

Abstract In this study, we probed the secondary structure of a soluble Aβ (25-35) peptide in water solution by applying a molecular mechanics method as well as infrared spectroscopy. We have used Fourier Transformed Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) to examine the secondary structure of this peptide. The amide I bands of Ab (25-35) obtained from transmission-FTIR spectra consists of one main band at 1658 cm-1, at both concentrations used (200 mM and 1 mM). This band shows us that Ab (25-35) in aqueous solution was mostly organized into a a-helical structure (48 %). The contribution of the unordered structure was found to be about 12 %. The proportion of b-sheet and b-turn structures are slightly lower, 12-15 % and 13-14 %, respectively for both concentrations. FTIR spectra of the peptide in water solution (100 µM) after incubation for 12h showed Aβ peptide conformation is critically dependent on the environmental conditions used. The simulation approach reveals that the C-terminal octapeptide of this molecule preferably adopts an α-helical structure, while the N-terminal tripeptide may exist as a β-turn and unordered structures.
Physysichemical Properties of Quaternary Ammonium Salts Formed by Undecanoic and Tetradecanoic Acids with Trietanolamine
Authors:   AEM ( Azerbaijan Science Center ), Shahverdiyeva Asya
Published: September 2024

Abstract The article presents the results of the study of the oil collecting and oil dispersing properties of the quaternary ammonium salts formed by undecanoic and tetradecanoic acids, which are monobasic carboxylic acids, with triethanolamine (TEA) in distilled, drinking, and sea waters contaminated with Balakhani Oil. The surface activity property of the products of different concentrations of these complexes was calculated using a tensiometer, and the elemental composition was calculated using the calculation method. A comparative study of the element composition of the salts of both acids formed with TEA shows that the mass fraction of carbon in the complex formed by tetradecanoic acid with TEA is higher than in the other complex. Comparison of the surface activity property of the complexes formed by undecane and tetradecanoic acid with TEA shows that the complex compound formed by tetradecanoic acid with TEA shows more surface activity property. Therefore, as the mass fraction of carbon element increases in the complexes formed by undecane and tetradecanoic acid with TEA, the complex compound shows more surface activity properties.
Investigation of the Properties of Unsaturated Allyl Alcohol and its Oxidation Reaction Products
Authors:   AEM ( Azerbaijan Science Center ), Babayev Elchin , Rahimli Nargiz ,   AEM ( Azerbaijan Science Center), Mammadova Ulviyya ,   AEM ( Azerbaijan Science Center), Zeynalov Nizami ,   AEM ( Azerbaijan Science Center)
Published: September 2024

Abstract Organic substances in which the -OH group is directly attached to the carbon atom are called alcohols. Unsaturated alcohols are obtained by replacing the hydrogen of ethylene or acetylene-type compounds with a hydroxyl group. Allyl alcohol, the first representative of the class of unsaturated alcohols, contains oxygen. Allyl alcohol is used in optical resins, protective glasses, paints and coatings and polymer cross-linking agents, as well as in the production of pharmaceuticals, organic chemicals, plastics, herbicides, and pesticides. In organic chemistry, alcohols can be oxidized to aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, and esters that carry a higher oxidation state of carbon. Therefore, the selective oxidation of alcohols is an important issue. The properties and selective oxidation reaction of allyl alcohol were investigated in the presented work.
Determining the Stability of a Potentially Dangerous Landslide Slope
Authors:   AEM ( Azerbaijan Science Center ), Shiraliyev Novruz , Ceylan Jale ,   AEM ( Azerbaijan Science Center), Mirjafarli Sevinj ,   AEM ( Azerbaijan Science Center)
Published: September 2024

Abstract Due to the acceleration of construction of civil, industrial and infrastructure facilities in our republic and the expansion of their area, the construction of many facilities is carried out in mountainous, and foothill areas with complex relief and geomorphological conditions, which in most cases are potentially dangerous landslide slopes. To protect these facilities from the negative impact of dangerous geological, natural-technogenic, and anthropogenic processes, to assess the risks arising from the impact of these processes on building structures, to promptly prevent negative phenomena and dangerous situations, to assess the engineering and geological conditions of the construction area to determine the stability of the slope, conducting research in these areas is of great practical importance. Mountainous regions are characterized by the complexity and diversity of geological, hydrological, hydrogeological, and tectonic conditions. Landslides are the most common natural and man-made processes that pose a threat to the safe operation of infrastructure facilities, civil and industrial construction in mountainous and foothill areas. In addition to infrastructure facilities, landslides can destroy vegetation, destroy the habitat of fauna, and also destroy fertile soils located in the area of their activity (Nikolic, 2015; Krivoguz & Bespalova, 2020). The main objective of this article is to apply the results of practically implemented and verified studies in other territories of our republic with similar geomorphological structure and engineering-geological conditions, to correctly assess the negative manifestations caused by landslides and other man-made and anthropogenic impacts, as well as to calculate the stability of the slope and scientifically and technically substantiate measures for engineering protection against landslides.
Review of Some Methods of CO2 Utilization
Authors:   AEM ( Azerbaijan Science Center ), Gasimova Gulnara , Gasimzade Lala ,   AEM ( Azerbaijan Science Center), Aghayeva Fidan ,   AEM ( Azerbaijan Science Center)
Published: September 2024

Abstract Protecting the environment from harmful substances (carbon oxides, nitrogen oxides, soot products, etc.) is one of the pressing issues of our time. This article discusses specific topics related to the need to reduce carbon dioxide emissions into the atmosphere, which are generated during biomass gasification, Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, and other processes. The article also identifies alternative methods for producing valuable petrochemical products, which significantly reduce gas emissions into the atmosphere.
Chemical and mineralogical constitution of redoximorphic features and mechanism of formation of Plinthosols from the Araguaia River plain, Brazil
Authors: Santos Djavan Pinheiro , Santos Glenio Guimarães , Oliveira Virlei Álvaro de , Silva Gustavo Cassiano da , Flores Rilner Alves , Azevedo Antônio Carlos , Souza Valdomiro Severino de , Pereira Marcos Gervasio
Published: September 2024

Currently in Brazil, large grain cultivation projects on Plinthosols are a reality, however, there is little or no knowledge of the real mechanism of formation of the plinthite feature, in addition to what is reported in the literature as being a product of oxidation-reduction processes of iron element. This study evaluates iron redoximorphic features and investigates their chemical and mineralogical composition in two profiles of Plinthosols from the Araguaia River plain (P1 and P2). The study strengthens the understanding of the pedogenetic processes involved in the formation of mottles and plinthite. In this sense, it assesses whether the formation mechanisms corroborate the literature. Soil features were sampled in the upper right and left position at the initial plinthic horizon, upper right and left position at the main plinthic horizon, and lower right position at the base horizon of the plinthite zone in the profile. Separated samples comprising the soil matrix, mottles, and plinthite under natural moisture conditions were ground into powder form for chemical determinations by X-ray fluorescence (XRF), sulfuric acid attack (H
2
SO
4
), sodium dithionite-citrate-bicarbonate (DCB), and ammonium acid oxalate; and mineralogical determinations by X-ray diffraction. Iron contents in all determined forms were always higher in the plinthite feature, intermediate in the mottle feature, and lower in the soil matrix feature. Most of the Fe in all redoximorphic features is included in the structure of primary minerals and their derivatives (vermiculite, illite, and VHEs). Only part of the iron present (about 35.40 % in P1 and 41.98 % in P2) is detected in the form of oxides such as goethite and hematite, which could be formed in redox processes. The mottle and plinthite features under study are not the product of the classic process of segregation, mobilization, and accumulation of iron as a consequence of redox processes. These features were formed or emerged as a result of a relatively slow and constant weathering process of their source material, which is gradually decomposed in an aqueous medium, releasing most of its components. These components include iron and more mobile elements such as bases and silicon, which leave the system through drainage water, and of which a small part may eventually recombine to form new less complex minerals such as kaolinite and oxides.
Développement d’un procédé de méthanation biologique à l’aide d’une approche de modélisation multi-échelle
Authors: NGU Vincent , DUMAS Claire , RAFRAFI Yan , MORCHAIN Jérôme , COCKX Arnaud
Published: September 2024

La méthanation biologique est une technologie verte prometteuse qui permet de valoriser les déchets organiques et de stocker l’excès d’énergie renouvelable sous forme de méthane. Toutefois, cette technologie en est encore à ses débuts en matière de commercialisation, car les recherches actuelles se concentrent sur des études de preuve de concept à l’échelle laboratoire/pilote et les exemples à grande échelle sont encore rares. Par ailleurs, les modèles numériques simplifiés (à une dimension 1D) ou tridimensionnels (CFD – Computational Fluid Dynamics) sont des outils pertinents pour le changement d’échelle et l’optimi sation des bioréacteurs. Ce travail fournit un exemple concret du changement d’échelle du procédé de méthanation biologique, appuyé par des outils de simulation 1D et 3D. Les modèles ont d’abord été validés avec des données expérimentales à l’échelle pilote (volume de 22 L), puis appliqués à l’échelle industrielle au cas du réacteur d’Electrochaea (volume de ~5 m3). Il s’avère que le transfert gaz-liquide de l’hydrogène a un impact limitant sur la performance biologique. À l’échelle du laboratoire, l’injecteur de gaz joue un rôle crucial dans la génération de la population de bulles, ce qui affecte ultérieurement le transfert de masse et la performance biologique globale. La pureté du méthane a été multipliée par deux avec une plaque poreuse uniforme par rapport à quatre diffuseurs ponctuels. À plus grande échelle, le modèle CFD révèle des écoulements instables dus à des gradients de densité résultant d’un fort appauvrissement gazeux, puisque l’injection de quatre moles d’hydrogène et une mole de dioxyde de carbone forment au plus une mole de méthane en sortie. L’article se termine par des recommandations pour le changement d’échelle et la conception des réacteurs de méthanation, notamment des stratégies visant à améliorer le transfert gaz-liquide à grande échelle. Ces stratégies impliquent une conception de distributeur uniforme permettant l’injection de petites bulles et la conception de hauts bioréacteurs pour améliorer les performances liées au transfert d’hydrogène.
L’approche multi-barrière comme gestion alternative des risques pathogènes pour la réutilisation des eaux usées traitées
Authors: THOMAS Alice-Rose , DECLERCQ Rémi , HASSENFORDER Emeline , MOLLE Pascal , LOMBARD-LATUNE Rémi
Published: September 2024

Le 23 juin 2023, le règlement européen (RE) relatif à la réutilisation des eaux usées traitées (REUT) pour l’irrigation agricole (2020/741) est entré en application. Pour gérer les risques liés aux pathogènes, plusieurs classes d’eau y sont définies. Les niveaux de qualité exigés sont plus stricts que dans la réglementation française préexistante (arrêté du 2 août 2010 modifié). Les projets de REUT agricole vont devoir se mettre en conformité et atteindre la qualité requise au point d’usage. Deux stratégies sont envisagées par le RE, la première correspond à la mise en place d’une unité de traitement complémentaire, qui risque cependant d’ajouter des contraintes techniques, de compromettre l’équilibre économique des projets et d’alourdir leur bilan environnemental. La seconde consiste à mettre en place « des barrières supplémentaires appropriées » (Annexe 1, section 2). Cette seconde stratégie fait référence à l’approche « multi-barrière » encouragée par l’OMS dans ses directives sur l’utilisation des eaux usées. Elle propose une gestion des risques qui repose sur la mise en place de mesures de protection tout au long du système de réutilisation plutôt qu’uniquement au niveau du traitement. Bien qu’elle permette de s’affranchir des contraintes liées au traitement supplémentaire, cette approche suscite de nombreux questionnements qui freinent son application. Cet article présente les fondements de cette approche et ses principes. Il présente également l’outil « Multiware », un outil de simulation participative qui a été développé pour accompagner la prise de décision concernant les choix de gestion des risques pathogènes (traitement supplémentaire, multi-barrière…) pour les cas de REUT agricole. Cet outil a été co-construit et utilisé avec le cas de Clermont-Ferrand (Puy-deDôme), un cas emblématique de la REUT en France. Ce cas doit se mettre en conformité vis-à-vis du nouveau règlement et est confronté à la question de la stratégie à adopter.
Traitement des effluents industriels par couplage de procédés membranaires et d'oxydation par voie humide
Authors: GOUT Émilie , LO Fatimatou Toure , Monnot Mathias , VANLOOT Pierre , Boutin Olivier , Moulin Philippe
Published: September 2024

Les procédés membranaires sont largement déployés dans l'industrie pour réduire les volumes d'effluents et produire un perméat de qualité, mais ils génèrent un effluent secondaire très concentré. Cette étude, où ils sont couplés à l'oxydation en voie humide pour dégrader les polluants des concentrés, a ciblé quatre effluents stratégiques : eaux de fond de cale, lixiviats de décharge, effluents pharmaceutiques et un effluent industriel complexe. L'objectif est de valider un rejet sûr dans l'environnement. Les performances d'oxydation ont été obtenues via la concentration de carbone organique total et la demande chimique en oxygène afin de prendre en compte les normes de rejets. Les meilleures dégradations ont été obtenues à des températures élevées et avec une influence de la température plus ou moins marquée en fonction de l'effluent. La période de chauffage précédant l'injection de l'air a également une influence sur l'élimination des composés organiques. Le suivi du carbone organique total et de la demande chimique en oxygène a fourni des informations complémentaires, révélant des comportements différents entre les effluents. Des bilans matière pour chaque filière de traitement ont été établis en utilisant les meilleures performances expérimentales de l'oxydation en voie humide et des performances des procédés membranaires, afin de respecter les seuils réglementaires de rejet environnemental. La combinaison des procédés membranaires et de l'oxydation en voie humide offre un potentiel significatif pour le traitement des concentrés membranaires et le traitement des effluents au sens large. Dans tous les cas, il a été possible de déterminer un débit de concentré traité par oxydation en voie humide qui respecte les seuils réglementaires de carbone organique total et/ou de demande chimique en oxygène pour le rejet environnemental.