bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Die Einheit von Subjekt und Objekt
Authors: Prauss Gerold
Published: April 2022

Kann »Spaltung« oder »Abgrund« zwischen Subjekt und Objekt das letzte Wort sein? Nicht, wenn beides doch von dieser Welt ist als der einen. Und auch nicht, wenn jene »Sachen selbst«, mit denen Kant gerungen hatte, wie mit Zeit und Raum oder Bewusstsein, immer rätselhafter werden, auch für Mathematiker und Physiker: Warum denn ausgerechnet solche zwei wie Zeit und Raum der einen Welt? Warum nicht mehr, doch auch nicht weniger? Warum der Raum als Ausdehnung denn ausgerechnet drei-, die Zeit jedoch anscheinend eindimensional? Warum nicht mehr, doch auch nicht weniger? Sind Zeit und Raum als Ausdehnung auf ihrem Grund diskret oder kontinuierlich? Geht es an, sie kurzerhand zur »Punktmenge« diskret zu machen, nur um ihre Ausdehnung durch Zahlen berechenbar zu machen? Kann verwundern, dass Mathematik und mathematische Physik mit dem Kontinuum von Ausdehnung in Schwierigkeiten kommen, wenn sie demgemäß »punktmengentheoretisch « mit ihm umgehen müssen? Steht laut Quantentheorie nicht längst schon fest, auf seinem Grund gehorche unser Kosmos nicht der »Mengentheorie«? In welchem Grundverhältnis stehen Punkt und das Kontinuum von Ausdehnung ursprünglich zueinander? Und was ist denn Zeit- und Raum-Bewusstsein, wenn Objekte von Subjekten als Bewusstsein abhängig sind, wie nach Kant und nach der Quantentheorie? Ist es vielleicht verfehlt, wenn Mathematiker und Physiker, doch auch so manche Philosophen die Philosophie als strenge Wissenschaft verabschieden, weil sie als solche angeblich etwas Unmögliches wie »Ursprungs-« oder »Erste Philosophie« sei? Zumindest gilt es, allen diesen rätselhaften »Sachen selbst« mit Kant noch einmal auf den Grund zu gehen.
Ästhetik - Die Frage nach dem Schönen
Authors: Seubert Harald
Published: April 2022

In diesem Buch wird zunächst eine Topik ästhetischer Begriffe entwickelt, die dann an wesentlichen Knotenpunkten der Geschichte von Ästhetik und Kunstphilosophie von Platon bis in die Gegenwart erprobt und auf sie angewandt wird. Systematische und geschichtlich konturierte Überlegungen ergänzen einander. Von besonderem Interesse ist dabei die Reflexion von Kunsterfahrung und Kunstwerken durch philosophisches Denken. Auf diese Weise zeigt sich das fruchtbare Spannungsverhältnis zwischen Theorieformen und der Vielfalt ästhetischer Erscheinungsformen. Dem Verhältnis tradierter Ästhetik und der nicht-schönen Künste der Moderne gilt ein besonderer Fokus. Das Augenmerk der Studie begrenzt sich freilich nicht auf hohe und autonome Kunst. vielmehr richtet es sich besonders auch auf die Architektur und Gebrauchskunst. Auch der Ästhetik des Performativen und ihrer Rolle in der Kunst der Moderne gelten eingehende Analysen.
selbst sein
Authors: Schmitz Hermann
Published: April 2022

Die klassischen Gegenüberstellungen in der Philosophie gleichen oft dem Verschieben von Figuren im Theater oder auf dem Schachbrett. Das liegt daran, dass man alles für einzeln und Identität mit etwas für selbstverständlich hält. Es versteht sich aber nicht von selbst, dass alles, was ist, selbst ist. Selbstsein, Einzelheit, Identität mit etwas haben tiefliegende und kontingente Voraussetzungen in der Dynamik des spürbaren Leibes. Von dieser hängt durch die subjektiven (nicht neutralen) Tatsachen des affektiven Betroffenseins auch das Selbstbewusstsein der Person ab. Um sich mit etwas zu identifizieren, muss sie sich schon kennen, und dafür bedarf sie der leiblichen Dynamik, wie für alles Konkrete der aus dieser sich ergebenden leiblichen Kommunikation. Durch die Ambivalenz von Eintauchen in den Leib und Auftauchen aus ihm wird die Person labil und zwiespältig. Als Wege zu ihrer Stabilisierung und Integration werden hier die Fassung, die Komik und der Humor erörtert. Alle Erfahrung wird auf leibliches Verstehen zurückgeführt. Aber was ist der spürbare Leib im Gegensatz zum sichtbaren und tastbaren Körper? Er muss erst begrifflich freigelegt werden, denn seine eigentümliche Ausdehnung und Dynamik waren der europäischen Intellektualkultur unbekannt.
Fichtes "Anweisung zum seligen Leben"
Authors: Seyler Frédéric
Published: April 2022

Die »Anweisung zum seligen Leben, oder auch die Religionslehre«, hervorgegangen aus den Berliner Vorlesungen von 1806, ist Fichtes wichtigste religionsphilosophische Abhandlung. Zusammen mit den »Grundzügen des gegenwärtigen Zeitalters« und den Vorlesungen »Über das Wesen des Gelehrten« bildet sie die populäre Darstellung seines Systems der Wissenschaftslehre in dessen Vollendungsphase. Dabei steht sie in einem besonders engen Zusammenhang mit der wichtigen, 1804 vorgetragenen Neufassung der Wissenschaftslehre. Fichtes »Anweisung« soll hier aus dieser philosophischen Perspektive heraus kommentiert und Schritt für Schritt analysiert werden. Nicht zuletzt soll damit auch sein berühmter Ausspruch: »Die Wissenschaft hebt allen Glauben auf und verwandelt ihn in Schauen« in seinen systematischen Zusammenhängen erschlossen werden.
Schlechte Unendlichkeit
Authors: Unger Daniel
Published: April 2022

Das systematische Problem »schlechter Unendlichkeit«, als dessen Überwindung die hegelsche Philosophie angetreten ist und das als solches weit über seinen Ursprung im Deutschen Idealismus hinausgeht, wird in dieser Arbeit rekonstruiert. Bereits bei Hegel bleibt die Beschreibung dieser Figur eines scheiternden affirmativen Selbstbezugs im Verstandesdenken nicht auf ihre logische Struktur beschränkt, ihre ganze Tragweite zeigt sich erst in der kritischen Anwendung auf die ethische Dimension des moralischen Sollens und die ästhetische Tradition des Erhabenen. In der Kritik Schellings und Kierkegaards findet jene Figur wiederum eine Anwendung auf ihren Urheber: Nicht nur würde Hegel an einer wirklichen Lösung dieses Problems scheitern. sein Modell einer wahren Unendlichkeit, damit auch sein geschichtliches Denken als solches, sei das Ende einer wahren Ethik und der eigenen Berechtigung des Einzelnen in seiner wirklichen Existenz.
Begriff und Geltung des Rechts
Authors: Alexy Robert
Published: April 2022

Im Zentrum dieses Buches steht das Verhältnis von Recht und Moral. Der Rechtspositivismus behauptet, daß beides zu trennen sei. Sowohl der Begriff des Rechts als auch der Begriff der Rechtsgeltung seien moralfrei zu definieren. Robert Alexy versucht zu zeigen, daß diese These falsch ist. Es gibt erstens begrifflich notwendige Zusammenhänge zwischen Recht und Moral, und zweitens sprechen normative Gründe dafür, die Begriffe des Rechts und der Rechtsgeltung so zu definieren, daß sie moralische Elemente einschließen. Deshalb muß der Rechtspositivismus als umfassende Theorie des Rechts scheitern.

Die Begründung seiner These erfolgt in einem begrifflichen Rahmenwerk, das aus fünf Unterscheidungen besteht. Die Untersuchung schließt mit dem Vorschlag einer Definition des Begriffs des Rechts, die die Elemente der ordnungsgemäßen Gesetztheit, der sozialen Wirksamkeit und der inhaltlichen Richtigkeit systematisch verknüpft. Da der Begriff der inhaltlichen Richtigkeit moralische Kriterien einschließt, ist dieser Begriff des Rechts ein nicht-positivistischer Rechtsbegriff.
Kurze Einführung in die Neue Phänomenologie
Authors: Schmitz Hermann
Published: April 2022

Der moderne Europäer versteht sich als einzelnes Subjekt mit einer privaten Innenwelt. was als Außenwelt zwischen solchen Innenwelten übrig bleibt, lässt er sich von der Naturwissenschaft sagen. Einzelheit ist aber nur möglich auf Grundlagen, über die er sich dank einseitiger Vergegenständlichung aus der Antike und späterer Zeit hinwegsetzt. Leib, leibliche Kommunikation, affektives Betroffensein, bedeutsame Situationen, Gefühle als Atmosphären, flächenlose Räume, subjektive Tatsachen (statt selbstverständlich einzelner Subjekte mit Seelen) gehören dazu. Diese Grundlagen werden durchsichtig gemacht und an die Welt als das Feld möglicher Vereinzelung, an die Person, an Recht, Moral und Religion angeschlossen.

Die Neue Phänomenologie verfolgt die Aufgabe, den Menschen ihr wirkliches Leben begreiflich zu machen, das heißt, nach Abräumung geschichtlich geprägter Verkünstelungen die unwillkürliche Lebenserfahrung zusammenhängendem Begreifen wieder zugänglich zu machen. In sechs Kapiteln stellt Hermann Schmitz die Hauptthesen der Neuen Phänomenologie vor, im siebenten Kapitel zeigt er, wie die Entdeckung der subjektiven Tatsachen eine neue Lösung des Freiheitsproblems erlaubt, und weist einen Ausweg aus dem ironistischen Zeitalter.
Philosophische Anthropologie
Authors: Fischer Joachim
Published: April 2022

Philosophische Anthropologie meint in dieser Studie nicht eine philosophische Subdisziplin, sondern eine besondere Theorierichtung in der deutschsprachigen Philosophie des 20. Jahrhunderts, die mit den Namen Max Scheler, Helmuth Plessner, Erich Rothacker, Arnold Gehlen, Adolf Portmann u. v. a. mehr verbunden ist. Der erste Teil erzählt die verwickelte, teils abenteuerliche Entstehungs-, Aufstiegs- und Entfaltungsgeschichte dieser Denkergruppe von 1919 bis 1975 - einschließlich ihrer beachtlichen Wirkungsgeschichte in verschiedenen Disziplinen wie der Soziologie, Psychologie, Biologie und der Philosophie selbst. Im zweiten Teil wird der philosophische Identitätskern dieser Philosophischen Anthropologie als Denkansatz präzisiert.

Fischers 2008 erschienene Studie hat in über dreißig Besprechungen eine enorme Resonanz erfahren - in der Philosophie, Soziologie und intellektuellen Öffentlichkeit. Sie wird gewürdigt als ein Standardwerk zur Theoriegeschichte, aber auch zur Theoriesystematik der Philosophischen Anthropologie, die damit als ein auch im 21. Jahrhundert anschlussfähiges Paradigma neu ins Spiel gesetzt werde.

Andererseits hat die Studie mit ihren Thesen Kontroversen auf verschiedensten Ebenen ausgelöst, die die zugehörigen Denker Scheler, Plessner, Gehlen, Rothacker betreffen, aber auch die Platzierung des Denkansatzes in der Theorienkonkurrenz insgesamt. In einem systematisch gehaltenen Nachwort zur Neuauflage setzt sich Fischer Punkt für Punkt mit den Kritiken auseinander, um mit Hilfe der Einwände und Bedenken die Debatte um Rekonstruktion und Neueinsatz der Philosophischen Anthropologie erneut zu profilieren und zu pointieren.
Antituberculosis Drug Repurposing: A New Hope for Tackling Multi-Challenging TB in Timely Manner
Authors: Majeed Shahnawaz , Mehraj Safiya , Ahmad Zahoor
Published: April 2022

Tuberculosis still stands as the world’s leading infectious disease as 1/4th of the world’s population harbors Latent TB infection (LTBI) > 10 million develops active TB and ~ 1.5 million people die per year. Approximately 4,65,000 people fell ill with multidrug or rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (MDR/RR-TB)/year. This deadly TB scenario demands new TB drug regimens to tackle global infection reservoir, and worldwide spread of drug resistance and DS TB. Successful entry of single new drug into market is much complicated mission owing to time, cost, efficacy, and safety issues. Therefore, drug repurposing seems one reliable hope to meet the challenges of modern TB drug discovery timely, as it starts with examining market acclaimed drugs against other diseases for their efficacies against tuberculosis avoiding several lengthy and costly steps required for new molecules. Several drugs have been identified, which show potential for TB treatment. There is need for careful consideration of various trial designs to ensure that TB phase III trials are initiated for fruitful development of new TB treatment regimens. TB drug repurposing will not only give fast track novel drugs but will also serve to identify new targets for future development in cost-effective manner.
Plant-Based Alternative Treatment for Leishmaniasis: A Neglected Tropical Disease
Authors: Shaheen Nargis , Verma Chaitenya , Akhter Qureshi Naveeda
Published: April 2022

Leishmaniasis is a third most important vector born disease caused by intracellular parasite belongs to genus Leishmania. The leishmaniasis is prevalent in 102 countries/areas worldwide. Approximately, it effected 350 million people worldwide. Leishmaniasis effects developing and undeveloped countries globally. Antileishmanial drugs (pentavalent antimonials, stibogluconate, miltefosine, paramycin, and amphotericin) are most vital tool for curing leishmaniasis. However, none of these drugs is free from side effect including cost, toxicity, drug resistance, administration route, and prolong time, these disadvantages are main obstacle in the Leishmania infection eradication. Considering the increasing cases of leishmaniasis and drug resistance there is an urgent need for an effective and novel approach against leishmaniasis. Therefore, many researchers have tried to develop new medicines for the treatment of Leishmania infection. In the course of new therapies identification, plant based compounds were found to be an alternative that can be either used directly or with structural modifications. Several plants have been known for ages to be the source of phytochemicals with high values of medicines. These phytochemicals have been extracted by various techniques and have shown efficacy for the curing of several diseases. This chapter study explain various applications based on green approaches drugs for the treatment of leishmaniasis.
Public Policies Advances on Transgender People in Portugal
Authors: Costa Dalia , Miranda Miguel
Published: April 2022

When rights are guaranteed through public policy, the probability of becoming de facto rights rather than just de jure rights is greatly increased. On the one hand, the conditions and mechanisms for its implementation are created or, at least, foreseen, and the conditions for effective access by all people to the rights in question are reviewed. This is the case of Portugal in promoting the rights of trans people, following a consolidated public policy on equality and gender (since 2007). The countries in Europe (European Union) have adopted different perspectives and paths ahead regarding the definition and implementation of comprehensive public policies for trans people. Previous studies about Portuguese case reveal that health, work, but also rights in the family and sexuality, are fragile domains, which place trans people in a situation of great vulnerability. Adopting a participatory methodology, the chapter presents the diversity in political and ideological positions and debates the obstacles in the process of public policy formulation to promote the integral well-being of trans people. The evaluation of the Portuguese case is useful for other political and social contexts, while it reveals the cornerstones of public policies advances on transgender persons, namely stereotypes and gender biases.
Spigelian Hernia: Clinical Features and Management
Authors: Giri Goswami Aakansha , Huda Farhanul , Kumar Singh Sudhir , Kumar Navin , Basu Somprakas
Published: April 2022

The Spigelian hernia is a rare variety of ventral hernia and has an incidence ranging from 0.1–2% of all abdominal wall hernias. It occurs through a well-defined defect in the Spiegel’s fascia adjacent to the semilunar line. It can be congenital or acquired. The acquired variety is predisposed by stretching and weakening of the abdominal wall by factors that increase the intraabdominal pressure. These hernias are most commonly located in the interparietal plane with no visible or palpable mass, and only 50% of cases could be diagnosed clinically before any surgical intervention. Radiological investigations like USG and CT scans confirm the clinical diagnosis or pick up the subclinical varieties that present with non-specific pain in the anterior abdominal wall. Surgery is the mainstay of management. These hernias are prone to early incarceration and strangulation and therefore should be operated at the earliest. It is stressed that a prosthetic mesh should be used for a better outcome as it decreases recurrence. Conventional open hernioplasty has been largely replaced by a laparoscopic approach such as TAPP, TEP, IPOM and robotic-assisted surgery. Early diagnosis and surgery prevent morbidity and dreaded complications.
Change Detection by Monitoring Residuals from Time Series Models
Authors: Burr Tom , Kaufeld Kim
Published: April 2022

Change detection in time series can be approached by fitting a model to the no-change, ordinary background data and then monitoring time series of residuals, where a residual is defined as residual = data – fit. In many applications, models that fit time series data lead to residuals that exhibit no patterns unless the signal of interest is present. Therefore, an effective signal or change detection approach is to first fit a time series model to the background data without any signal and then monitor the time series of residuals for evidence of the signal. This chapter briefly reviews a few time series modeling options and then focuses on statistical tests for monitoring residuals, including Page’s cumulative sum (cusum, a type of scan statistic), the ordinary cumulative sum (cumsum), the matched filter (a version of the Neyman-Pearson test statistic), and pattern tests, such as those used in quality control. Simulation and analytical approximation methods are recommended for studying test behavior, as illustrated in three examples.
Exploring Biomarkers for Huntington’s Disease
Authors: Deeb Omar , Atallah Afnan , Salameh Sawsan
Published: April 2022

Huntington’s disease (HD) is a progressive, non-curative, autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disease characterized by prominent psychiatric problems, as well as progressive deterioration in both cognitive function and motor control. The success of therapeutic interventions in HD patients cannot be easily examined without reliable and practical measurements by using effective biomarkers. Many clinical trials have been held to evaluate biomarkers efficacies in disease-modifying treatment before the manifestation of the disease or its severity. Biofluid (wet) biomarkers have potential advantages of direct quantification of biological processes at the molecular level, imaging biomarkers, on the other hand, can quantify related changes at a structural level in the brain. The most robust biofluid and imaging biomarkers are being investigated for their clinical use and development of future treatment and can offer complementary information, providing a more comprehensive evaluation of disease stage and progression.
Food as a Dietary Source of Melatonin and Its Role in Human Health: Present and Future Perspectives
Authors: Ballester Purificación , Zafrilla Pilar , Arcusa Raúl , Galindo Alejandro , Cerdá Begoña , Marhuenda Javier
Published: April 2022

Melatonin is a neurohormone produced and released by the pineal gland. Neurons placed in the eye surface send a signal when the person is exposed to darkness to the suprachiasmatic nuclei and that prompts melatonin release. This biomolecule is in charge of synchronizing body circadian rhythms such as sleep or hunger. Intense light exposure can avoid its release or healthy rhythm. Apart from that, the scientific literature has suggested that melatonin influences immune system, antioxidant capacity, or cell preservation. Moreover, melatonin can be supplied by dietary food such as grapes, dairy or fermented products. Interestingly, some foods contain a significant amount of melatonin and can be considered as good sources of that bioactive molecule. The information in this chapter will cover melatonin dietary sources, biological capacity, related metabolites, and proven benefits in the human body.
Endocrine Disruptors and Infertility
Authors: Yazar Selma
Published: April 2022

Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDC) are known to interfere the body’s endocrine system. EDCs can also be considered as industrial chemicals namely pesticides, cleaning materials, plastics, heavy metals, and cosmetics. Most of these compounds particularly at low doses, occurring in complex mixtures, have been reported as emerging contaminants. EDCs are currently present in environment (water, diet, food contact materials, personal care products, etc). The adverse effects of exposure to EDCs have already been extensively described such as infertility, cancers, disrupted thyroid function, neurological disorders, obesity, metabolic syndrome. EDCs may be blamed for increasing the human reproductive disorders especially infertility. This is a serious public health problem that should not be ignored. This chapter aims to summarize the major scientific advances in human infertility associated with exposure to EDCs with epidemiological and experimental evidence. The chemicals covered in this chapter are heavy metals (lead), pesticides (pyrethroids), and cosmetics (UV filters).
Developing a Multifaceted Evaluation Tool for Electronic Prescribing System: A Study from a Developing Country
Authors: Samadbeik Mahnaz , Ahmadi Maryam , Sadoughi Farahnaz , Garavand Ali
Published: April 2022

: Evaluation of electronic prescribing systems (EPS) can contribute to their quality assurance, and motivate users and policy-makers to implement these systems, directly influencing the health of society. An appropriate evaluation tool plays a determining role in the identification of proper EPS. The present study aimed to develop a multifaceted evaluation tool for assessing the EPS. This study was conducted in two main steps in 2018. In the first step, we conducted a literature review to find the main features and capabilities of the prosperous EPS. In the second step, a Delphi method was used for determining the final criteria for evaluating EPS. After preparing a primary questionnaire based on the first step results, 27 expert stakeholders from related fields participated in this 3-phase Delphi study. The narrative content analysis and descriptive statistics were used for data analysis. The final evaluation tool consists of 61 questions in 10 main dimensions, including practical capabilities of the process/user and patient safety, data storage and transfer, prescription control and renewal, technical functions, user interfaces, security and privacy, reporting, portability, hardware and infrastructure, and system failure/recovery. The evaluation tool developed in this study can be used for the critical appraisal of features of EPS. It is recommended that this multifaceted evaluation tool be employed to help buyers compare different systems and assist EPS software vendors in prioritizing their activities regarding the system development. By using this tool, healthcare organizations can also choose a system that improves many aspects of health care.
Absent Right Renal Vein: A Case Report
Authors: Mehrnahad Mersad , Hasanian Mohammad , Mehrnahad Mohammad Mosahar
Published: April 2022

Introduction: Absent right renal vein is very uncommon. This study aimed to describe a case of the absent right renal vein with drainage from the upper pole of the kidney into the right suprarenal vein and then into the ipsilateral gonadal vein. Case Presentation: A 25-year-old female patient with abdominal pain was referred to the radiology clinic for abdominopelvic computed tomography (CT) with oral and intravenous contrast. On CT images, the right renal vein was absent. The drainage of the right kidney was through the upper pole to the suprarenal vein and thereafter to the right gonadal vein and the inferior vena cava (IVC). Some suprarenal veins were drained to the superior mesenteric vein via collaterals. The IVC diameter, especially the intrahepatic portion, was decreased. Conclusions: The absence of the right renal vein is very rare, and to the best of our knowledge, drainage from the upper pole into the ipsilateral gonadal vein has not been previously reported in the literature.
Attachment style and social media fatigue: The role of usage-related stressors, self-esteem, and self-concept clarity
Authors: Alfasi Yitshak
Published: April 2022

Social media fatigue is a subjective sense of physical and mental exhaustion, lassitude, and irritation, caused by social media use. The current research explored the association between individual differences in attachment styles and the experience of fatigue resulting from extensive social media use. Two studies examined the association between adult attachment style and Facebook fatigue, and the mediating role of stressors related to social media use, self-esteem, and self-concept clarity. The results of the first study (N = 264) revealed an association between attachment anxiety and Facebook fatigue that was mediated by Facebook social comparison and Facebook anxiety. In the second study (N = 294), attachment anxiety was also associated with Facebook fatigue and was mediated by fear of missing out and Facebook anxiety, and these mediation effects were moderated by self-concept clarity. The findings indicate that the experience of social-media fatigue varies in accordance with specific user characteristics. Additionally, they Illustrate the impact of social media use on mental health, and emphasize the need to create a user experience that takes into account the stressors associated with social media use.
Active and passive selfie-related behaviors: Implications for body image, self-esteem and mental health
Authors: Bodroža Bojana , Obradović Vojana , Ivanović Sara
Published: April 2022

Research on online social networks has indicated that it is appropriate to differentiate between active and passive use of these services, especially since they often have reverse effects on well-being. This study focused on Instagram selfies as a specific form of Instagram activity. We adopted the proposed distinction between active and passive use of social networks and applied it to selfies. In two correlational studies, we measured three aspects of selfie-related behaviors: self-presentation through selfies (active form), selfie preoccupation (active form), and upward physical appearance comparison with others’ selfies (passive form). We explored their relationships with body image concerns and self-esteem (in Study 1, N = 284, 16.9% men, age ranged from 17 to 53) as well as subjective well-being and mental health (in Study 2, N = 473, 12.5% men, age ranged from 16 to 49) on the samples of Instagram users from Serbia and Balkan region who reported they take selfies. The results indicated that upward comparison with others’ selfies is detrimental to both body image and subjective well-being. However, self-presentation and selfie preoccupation were related to stronger fear of negative appearance evaluation and better social self-esteem, but they had negligible relationship with indicators of mental health. This research was the first to study both active and passive selfie-related behaviors within the same framework and it showed that these behaviors have similar relations to body image, but different to self-esteem and well-being.
Autonomy vs. control: Associations among parental mediation, perceived parenting styles, and U. S. adolescents’ risky online experiences
Authors: Young Rachel , Tully Melissa
Published: April 2022

Parenting that supports autonomy and promotes open communication leads to better outcomes for adolescents. In an era of digital media, however, adolescent desire for autonomy may conflict with parental mediation practices that exert control over media use. A survey of 356 U.S. parent-child dyads was conducted. Regression analyses showed that withdrawing access to digital media as punishment is negatively associated with adolescent perception of autonomy-supportive parenting, while monitoring and punishment are positively associated with perception of controlling parenting. Results of a mediation analysis suggest that adolescent perceptions of controlling parenting are associated with the expectation of adverse outcomes from communication. The results of our study suggest parents can best protect children from risky online experiences by supporting adolescent autonomy through active mediation
La carta 93 de san Agustín y el uso de la fuerza pública en materia religiosa
Authors: Álvarez Valdez José Fortunato ,   Order of Augustinian Recollects
Published: April 2022

The article analyzes Saint Augustine’s Ep. 93, making a special remark on the Rogatist arguments against the “compelle intrare”, the ecclesiology which lies under this arguments; the social and historical circumstances of the use of violence for the imposítion of a Law, and also Saint Augustine s development of the interpretation of the “compelle intrare”.
Hablar del Inefable. Agustín y el lenguaje religioso
Authors: Anoz José ,   Order of Augustinian Recollects
Published: April 2022

The article deals with the Augustinian aporia according to which, even though it is impossible and illicit for believers to be silent about God, it is precisely the adoring silence which better suits the Ineffable. Nevertheless something can be said about him, because in fact and at least the Divine Word become flesh has revealed God as Father. The article depicts the Augustinian contexts in which one can talk about God, and shows how to do it, according to Saint Augustine.
La categoría ‘amor’ en los ‘Diez tratados sobre la carta de Juan a los partos’
Authors: Caruso Giuseppe , Eguiarte Enrique ,   Order of Augustinian Recollects
Published: April 2022

The article deals with St. Augustine commentary on the First Letter of St. John, presenting a brief introduction to this work, to make afterwards a distinction of the three kinds of love which St. Augustine presents in this letter. It develops also the topic of the unity of the Church, and the Anti-Donatist allusions within this Augustinian book. Finally it deals with the moral implications of love.
El sintagma ‘membrana et atramentum’ en los escritos de san Agustín
Authors: Eguiarte Enrique A. ,   Order of Augustinian Recollects
Published: April 2022

The article deals with the expression membrana et atramentum within the Works of St. Augustine, to present, through a panoramic reading of the Works of the Bishop of Hippo, the semantic, semiotic and theological results.
Navidad en Hipona: celebración mística y catcquesis
Authors: Drobner Hubertos R. , Anoz José ,   Order of Augustinian Recollects
Published: April 2022

This article provides an overview of Augustine’s Christmas sermons. Christmas is more important for Augustine than his words to Januarius might suggest (ep. 55, 2). In fact, the parallels between his preaching at Christmas and at Easter are striking in this regard. The catechesis in the Christmas sermons is based on the Nicean creed (or that of Constantinopole) rather than on the Lenten and Easter baptismal creeds. Together, the feasts of Christmas and Easter celebrate -both tehologically and liturgically- the one mystery of salvation.
El viento ¿aún sopla donde quiere?
Authors: van Reisen Hans , van der Post Marc , Magliano Alejandra ,   Order of Augustinian Recollects
Published: April 2022

The article deals with saint Augustine’s sermons on the day of Pentecost, stressing its main ideas, particularly those which are less common in our days and that are not usual in the artistic representations.
Función de Cristo y de la Iglesia en la doctrina agustiniana de la predestinación
Authors: Chittilappilly Shiju , Eguiarte Enrique ,   Order of Augustinian Recollects
Published: April 2022

The article deals with the discussion of some of the themes that are present in the doctrine of predestination in S. Augustine, in order to show that it neither contradicts the theme of universal salvation nor downplays the role of Christ or that of the Church.
Tœnus disputator... non ego, sed Cyprianus Pœnus’. ¿Por qué necesitó Agustín de Hipona apropiarse de Cipriano de Cartago?
Authors: Gaumer Matthew Alan , Eguiarte Enrique ,   Order of Augustinian Recollects
Published: April 2022

The article deals with Augustine’s appropriation of Cyprian in the Donatist and Pelagian controversies, giving a preliminary overview of the evidence of the use of Cyprian in those controversies, and presenting the areas of clear reference.
Más allá del déficit de teología (1930-1965): la ‘nouvelle théologie’ y el redescubrimiento de Agustín
Authors: Mettepenningen Jürgen , Eguiarte Enrique ,   Order of Augustinian Recollects
Published: April 2022

The article offers a preliminary and general overview of a status quaestíonis concerning the influence of Saint Augustine on the development of the so-called nouvelle théologie, giving a theological-historical overview of the nouvelle théologie, interwoven with the interest shown by its representatives in favour of Augustine’s thought.
Cómo hacerse pelagiano en cuatro pasos. Ensay o de interpretación de Rm 5, 12
Authors: Schelkens Karim , Eguiarte Enrique ,   Order of Augustinian Recollects
Published: April 2022

This article deals with the importance of the text of Rm 5, 12 for S. Augustine and his initial development of the doctrine of original sin. It examines the way in which this doctrine, based upon Augustines reading of Paul’s verse, became subject to hotheaded debate in the 16th and 17th centuries, especially for the discussion on the relationship between nature and grace, within the baianist controversy. It deals also about the revived discussions on this very subject in the twentieth century.
La autonomía de la voluntad humana en el acto de fe
Authors: Cipriani Nello , Anoz José ,   Order of Augustinian Recollects
Published: April 2022

The article deals with a strange idea in Augustine’s theology which is present in some works written between 394 and 395, namely the idea of the possibility of human free will to start the way that leads to salvation through faith and prayer. These ideas are presented as a consecuence of his meditation about predestination. It also points that the probable sources of these ideas are Ambrosiaster’s commentary to the letter to the Romans, and Hilary’s commentary on the Psalms. It also suggests that the Ambrosiaster’s quote in c. ep. Pel. 4, 7 is wrongly attributed by Augustine to Hilary, because of the coincidence of the ideas about the grace and predestination.
La retractatio agustiniana, sobre la procesión-generación del Espíritu Santo (trin. 5, 13)
Authors: Cipriani Nello , Anoz José ,   Order of Augustinian Recollects
Published: April 2022

The article presents the main stages of Saint Augustine’s doctrine of the procession of the Holy Spirit, since his first steps when he accepted the doctrines of Marius Victorinus, who identified generation with procession. Secondly it presents the external reasons that moved St. Augustine to make a deeper research on this topic.
La revelación de la Trinidad inmanente en los Tractatus in lohannem de san Agustín
Authors: Cipriani Nello , Anoz José ,   Order of Augustinian Recollects
Published: April 2022

Against the hypothesis that Saint Augustin had attributed to pagan philosophers knowledge of the divine Trinity, thus admitting the possibility of knowing the Trinity without the Incarnation, this study shows firstly how the Bishop of Hippo had distinguished the idea of God the Father, both in the philosophers and in the Old Testament, from the idea of God, the Father of Jesus Christ. Secondly it shows how the author of the tractatus expouds on the passages in which the Evangelist speaks of the revelation of the Father on the part of Christ, in such a way as to highlight the specific nature of the Christian knowledge of God.
Revelación cristiana y verdad en san Agustín
Authors: Cipriani Nello , Anoz José ,   Order of Augustinian Recollects
Published: April 2022

The article is a critical commentary of A. Milano s essay on the concept of truth and revelation in St. Augustine, which was published within the book Quale verità (Dehoniana 1999), highlighting that the author has not considered the latest scholars’ commentaries on the topic, especially those related to St. Augustine’s ideas concerning the trinitarian revelation and the relationship between Christ and Truth.
El fondo amploniano y los nuevos sermones de san Agustín
Authors: Eguiarte Enrique A. ,   Order of Augustinian Recollects
Published: April 2022

The article has two parts. In the first part, a synoptic vision of St. Augustine as a preacher is presented. It deals also with the spreading of St. Augustine's works and with his first printed works, up to the actual critical editions. The second part is a discussion of Augustine’s documents recently discovered, starting with the Divjak letters, the Dolbeau sermons, focusing on the Erfurt sermons, presenting a long introduction to these sermons, as well as an analysis of the main topics of each Erfurt sermon.
Docuit me columba. Estudio sobre el uso y función de los signos (signa) en los Sancti Augustini in loannis euangelium tractatus
Authors: García González José Manuel ,   Order of Augustinian Recollects
Published: April 2022

St. Augustine makes possible the use of rhetorics in Christian preaching, both in theory and practise. The same resources, but another way. It can be tested by the use and function of signa in his own preaching. The In loannis euangelium tractatus provide a solid basis for studying the signa as used by St. Augustine.
La conversión de Jerónimo y de Agustín a la Escritura, a través del pórtico de los sueños (ep. 22 y conf. 3 y 8)
Authors: Koet Bart J. , Eguiarte Enrique A. ,   Order of Augustinian Recollects
Published: April 2022

The article makes a comparison between the dream narrative of Jerome in his letter 22 and Augustine’s in conf. 3, 19 and conf. 8, 29, to stress that probably both dreams happened the same year, and that both dreams helped Jerome and Augustine in their way to convert from the love to pagan literature, to the full acceptance of the Holy Scriptures as Word of God.
El orden del amor. San Agustín y la ética de los valores de Scheler
Authors: Román Ortiz Ángel Damián ,   Order of Augustinian Recollects
Published: April 2022

One of the essential works to understand Max Scheler's thought is titled, with an augustinian expression, Ordo amoris. Is it a mere coincidence? Or may it exist a major relationship between both thinkers? The article demonstrates that a complete analysis of this question could lead us to conclude that there is a deep influence of Saint Augustine in Scheler. This is revealed in an explicit way on certain quotations of the saint of Hippo made by Scheler, and implicitly in main concepts of Sheler's thinking, as the Gesinnung, meaning ‘attitude of intention’.
Can Precollege Philosophy Help Academic Philosophy’s Diversity Problem?
Authors: Jones Nic R. , Talukdar Debi , Goering Sara ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: April 2022

There is a significant lack of diversity in philosophy, including an underrepresentation of women and people of color, and a dearth of philosophy programs that offer classes exploring philosophy outside the Western canon. This problem is further compounded by institutional racism, sexism, and ableism within philosophy pedagogy and practice and the perception that philosophy is an abstract subject suitable only for academically advanced students. If philosophy were made more accessible to a diverse group of students before they entered college, would it be possible to recruit more individuals from underrepresented groups into the field? In 2018, PLATO and the APA surveyed their members about their first exposure to philosophy. It was clear that early experiences—conversations with friends and family, books in grade school, and classes in high school—were pivotal moments that generated interest in philosophy. In this paper we describe some of these experiences and suggest that P4C programs, if done well, have the potential to help build a robust and inclusive K–12 to college philosophy pipeline by tapping into the natural interest children have in philosophical wondering.
An update on the spider genus Caponina Simon (Araneae: Caponiidae) with descriptions of three new six-eyed species from Colombia
Authors: Sánchez-Ruiz Alexander , Martínez Leonel , Bonaldo Alexandre B.
Published: April 2022

Three new six-eyed species of the spider genus Caponina Simon, 1891 are described, photographed, diagnosed and illustrated: C. alejandroi sp. nov. (male and female) from the Boyacá Department, C. bochalema sp. nov. (male) from the Santander Department and C. huila sp. nov. (male) from the Huila Department. Also, a emended diagnosis for the genus, a distribution map and an identification key for all species of Caponina are provided.
Quantifying shedding of microplastic fibers from textile washing
Authors: Maciel Hudini Chiaramont , Caetano Marcelo Oliveira , Schulz Uwe Horst , Kieling Amanda Gonçalves
Published: April 2022

Fiber fragments from synthetic textile materials are a subgroup of microplastics, and the presence of this debris in the environment may have its origin from some different sources. In order to investigate the formation of these residues during domestic washing, washings were simulated on samples of textile articles consisting of three different synthetic materials (polyamide, acrylic, and polyester). The effluent generated was collected and filtered, retaining the microplastic fibers shed. Through a gravimetric process, the mass of particles adhered to the filters was determined, and with the use of a fluorescent dye (Nile Red), these particles were quantified under a fluorescence microscope. This study concluded that the different textile compositions shed microplastic fibers during five washing cycles. Acrylic samples shed the highest mass value (40.9 mg) and polyamide samples shed the lowest value (7.5 mg). It has been estimated that an acrylic blouse can shed 726 mg of microplastic fibers in a single washing. Regarding the size of these particles, dimensions ranging from 11µm to 3mm were observed. Visualization in a 1.2μm filter also suggests the existence of particles in nano-dimensions. In general, it was possible to establish that the domestic washing of textile articles highly contributes to the insertion of these pollutants into the water environment. From a national perspective, approximately 13,800 tons of synthetic fibers can be released into water resources annually from washing clothes.
Non-binary universal tree-based networks
Authors: Fischer Mareike , Galla Michelle , Wicke Kristina
Published: April 2022

A tree-based network $N$ on $X$ is called universal if every phylogenetic tree on $X$ is a base tree for $N$. Recently, binary universal tree-based networks have attracted great attention in the literature and their existence has been analyzed in various studies. In this note, we extend the analysis to non-binary networks and show that there exist both a rooted and an unrooted non-binary universal tree-based network with $n$ leaves for all positive integers $n$.

Keywords:
phylogenetic tree, phylogenetic network, tree-based network, universal tree-based network
Properties of Large 2-Crossing-Critical Graphs
Authors: Bokal Drago , Chimani Markus , Nover Alexander , Schierbaum Jöran , Stolzmann Tobias , Wagner Mirko , Wiedera Tilo
Published: April 2022

A $c$-crossing-critical graph is one that has crossing number at least $c$ but each of its proper subgraphs has crossing number less than $c$. Recently, a set of explicit construction rules was identified by Bokal, Oporowski, Richter, and Salazar to generate all large $2$-crossing-critical graphs (i.e., all apart from a finite set of small sporadic graphs). They share the property of containing a generalized Wagner graph $V_{10}$ as a subdivision.

In this paper, we study these graphs and establish their order, simple crossing number, edge cover number, clique number, maximum degree, chromatic number, chromatic index, and treewidth. We also show that the graphs are linear-time recognizable and that all our proofs lead to efficient algorithms for the above measures.

Keywords.
Crossing number,
crossing-critical graph,
chromatic number,
chromatic index,
treewidth.
The empowerment of female students from deprived backgrounds through education for social transformation – A study of Tangaza University College, Nairobi, East Africa
Authors:   Catholic University of Eastern Africa, Javier Vicenta , Caramazza Giuseppe , Kimaro Lucy ,   Catholic University of Eastern Africa
Published: April 2022

The research focused on the empowerment of female students for social transformation at Tangaza University College, whose core values consist of Catholic social teachings. The college provides higher education to young people who would otherwise not have the opportunity for higher studies. Of the 2,000+ college students, 1,500 receive partial or full scholarships. The aim of the study was to find out how Tangaza fulfils its mission of educating for social transformation, from the responses of female students from low to very low income families. These are in two groups: female students mostly from squatter areas in the city of Nairobi, and the women religious, who primarily come from villages where primary and secondary education is sadly inadequate. The study makes use of a synthesis of theories of empowerment compiled by a social scientist, Mann Hyung Hur. The results showed how Tangaza’s education for social transformation has empowered its female students in the three areas of personal growth, job competence and social responsibility. However, there are differing degrees of empowerment among the three categories. An analysis is done of the differences between the three areas of empowerment, and recommendations are made. The sample population consists of women graduates of Tangaza University College from the academic years 2010-2017.
Informačně chudí: Nová cílová skupina sociální pedagogiky
Authors:   Masarykova univerzita v Brně, Černý Michal
Published: April 2022

Information poverty is one of the most severe challenges for today's society, manifesting itself in the economic, social, cultural and political spheres. This form of poverty is almost unreflected in social pedagogy, and in the Czech environment, it lacks a more systematic theoretical interpretation. Therefore, this theoretical study offers an introductory exposition of the issue, draws attention to the present discourses in the approach to information poverty, and provides an opportunity to reflect on the phenomenon, approaches or definitions of social pedagogy. The study aims to define, describe and present the concept of information poverty as a socio-pedagogical phenomenon that can be managed thanks to appropriate transdisciplinary cooperation between libraries, librarians and social educators.
Probing the segregation of evoked and spontaneous neurotransmission via photobleaching and recovery of a fluorescent glutamate sensor
Authors: Wang Camille S , Chanaday Natali L , Monteggia Lisa M , Kavalali Ege T
Published: April 2022

Synapses maintain both action potential-evoked and spontaneous neurotransmitter release; however, organization of these two forms of release within an individual synapse remains unclear. Here, we used photobleaching properties of iGluSnFR, a fluorescent probe that detects glutamate, to investigate the subsynaptic organization of evoked and spontaneous release in primary hippocampal cultures. In nonneuronal cells and neuronal dendrites, iGluSnFR fluorescence is intensely photobleached and recovers via diffusion of nonphotobleached probes with a time constant of ~10 s. After photobleaching, while evoked iGluSnFR events could be rapidly suppressed, their recovery required several hours. In contrast, iGluSnFR responses to spontaneous release were comparatively resilient to photobleaching, unless the complete pool of iGluSnFR was activated by glutamate perfusion. This differential effect of photobleaching on different modes of neurotransmission is consistent with a subsynaptic organization where sites of evoked glutamate release are clustered and corresponding iGluSnFR probes are diffusion restricted, while spontaneous release sites are broadly spread across a synapse with readily diffusible iGluSnFR probes.
Saateks. Oskar Loorits ja teadlase portree
Authors:   Estonian Literary Museum, Tartu, Estonia, Goršič Ave , Järv Risto ,   Estonian Literary Museum, Tartu, Estonia
Published: April 2022

Käesolev ajakirja Mäetagused erinumbri teemaosa koondab esimese Looritsa päeva kirjalikku tulemit, jätkates ja täiendades toonaseid ettekandeid. Päeva esinejaid kaastööle kutsudes valmis eriartikliteni ja jõudis käesolevasse kogumikku Looritsa päeva esinejatelt vaid väike osa käsitlusi. Eks seegi ole sümptomaatiline meie kiirel ajal. Samas lisandus teisi teemanumbrisse kirjutajaid. Mis plaanitust hetkel trükivalgusesse ei jõudnud, ilmub loodetavasti ajakirja Mäetagused järgmistes numbrites või mujal.