bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Abundance and diversity of ectoparasites of wild birds in Pandam Wildlife Park, Plateau State, Nigeria
Authors: Daben M.R. , Echor B.O. , Da’an S.A.
Published: July 2020

Birds’ populations are being threatened by parasites that have not received adequate attention by parasitologists. This study aimed at evaluating the abundance and diversity of ectoparasites of the wild birds in Pandam Wildlife Park. A systematic five-month study of ectoparasites was  conducted. Sixty-two (62) birds were trapped using mist nets and examined for ectoparasite infestation. Wool soaked with 70% ethanol, using gloved-protected-hand; ectoparasites were carefully extracted, preserved in sampling bottles containing 70% alcohol for morphological identification. A wide spectrum insecticide (0.09% tetrametrin and 0.45 piperronyl) was used to pulverize tiny parasites on the feather over a white paper. Overall, 4,066 ectoparasites belonging to 5 orders, 8 families, and 24 species were identified from the trapped birds. Fiftysix 56(90.3%) birds were found to be infested with ectoparasites, while 6(9.7%) had none. Phthirathera, and Siphonaptera were the most and least abundant  respectively. The highest parasites found were lice (96.60%) and the least, fleas (0.02%). Wing predilection site had the highest infestation rate (83%), and the lowest was the leg (0.37%). The most caught and most infested bird species was the West African thrush bird Turdus pelios (14.28%), followed by the Red-checked cuckoo-shrike and Bronze manikin (10.70% and 7.14%) respectively. Least species of bird infested among others, were the African paradise king fisher, Blue-throated brown sunbird, Blue-spotted wood dove, and Blue-breasted fire finch (1.79%). Nevertheless, there was no significant difference (p>0.05) in the rate of infestations among the caught and examined bird species. The study provided useful insight and knowledge on how diverse and abundant ectoparasites of bird species are in this park and possible vector-borne diseases that may have zoonotic potential.

Keywords: Abundance; birds; ectoparasites; diversity; park; wildlife.
Nematode infections of Clariid and Claroteid catfish species in River Galma, Zaria, Nigeria
Authors: Ibrahim Z.A. , Aken’Ova T. , Luka S.A.
Published: July 2020

Two clariids, Heterobranchus bidorsalis (65) and Heterobranchus longifilis (15), and two claroteids, Auchenoglanis occidentalis (31), and  Chrysichthys auratus (19) from River Galma were examined for gastrointestinal nematodes from May 2016 to February 2017. Overall, five species of nematodes were recovered from the clariids and claroteids. The nematodes were distributed as follows: in Heterobranchus bidorsalis, Procamallanus laevionchus (12.31%), Paracamallanus cyathopharynx (9.23%) and Rhabdochona sp. (1.54%); in Heterobranchus longifilis;  Paracamallanus cyathopharynx (6.67%); in Auchenoglanis occidentalis: Procamallanus laevionchus (25.81%); in Chrysichthys auratus: Procamallanus laevionchus (5.26%), Contracaecum sp. (5.26%) and Spirocamallanus spiralis (15.79%). Nematode prevalence in C. auratus was higher in the wet than in the dry season; however, prevalence of infection in A. occidentalis, H. longifilis and H. bidorsalis was higher in the dry than in the wet season. Prevalence of nematode infection was also higher in male than in female H. longifilis while it was higher in female A. occidentalis, C. auratus and H. bidorsalis than males of the same species. Nematode prevalence was higher in larger (24.0-31.9cm) Heterobranchus bidorsalis and Auchenoglanis occidentalis. Prevalence of infection was higher in smaller (8.0- 15.9cm) Chrysichthys auratus. It is recommended that a larger sample size of especially Heterobranchus longifilis and Chrysichthys auratus, of which only 15 and 19 specimens respectively, were examined during the period of this study, be examined, to have a clearer picture of their infection by nematodes in River Galma.

Keywords: Nematode; catfish; clariid; claroteid; infection; prevalence.
Prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in captive animals in selected private zoos in south-west Nigeria
Authors: Akinnubi T.J. , Morenikeji O.A.
Published: July 2020

This study was carried out to determine the gastrointestinal parasite profile of captive animals kept in three private zoological gardens (Olusegun Obasanjo Presidential Library (OOPL) Wildlife Park, Q-BRAT Zoos and Gardens, OMU Resort) in south-west Nigeria. Animals were screened for gastrointestinal parasites via faecal analysis using standard coprological techniques. A total of 104 faecal samples were collected from forty-three animal species across the three zoos. Faecal samples examination revealed an overall parasite prevalence of 41.37%. The prevalence in OOPL was 35.29%, 62.5% in Q-BRAT and 40.54% in OMU. Gastrointestinal helminths identified were hookworm, Ascaris sp, Clonorchis sp, Enterobius sp,  Trichuris sp and Dipylidium sp, while Entamoeba sp, Giardia sp and coccidian parasites were the only protozoans present. Hookworm and Ascaris sp had the highest prevalence of 39.53% and 18.60% respectively. Prevalence across five categories of captive animals (aves, herbivores, carnivores, primates and reptiles) showed that primates and herbivores had the highest prevalence rates (54.55% and 43.75% respectively). Coccidian parasites had the highest intensity in birds at OOPL. This study shows the presence of parasites of zoonotic importance (Entamoeba sp, Hookworm, Ascaris sp, Giardia sp Enterobius sp and Trichuris sp) among screened animals. The result of this survey calls for the improvement of husbandry practices,  continuous parasite surveillance and therapeutic practices in the zoos in order to prevent a breakdown of animal and public health.

Keywords: Gastrointestinal parasites; captive animals; zoological gardens, zoonosis; public health; south-west Nigeria.
Effects of polymorphisms in the endothelin receptor B subtype 2 gene on plumage colour in mule ducks
Authors: Lin C.W. , Wei L.Y. , Chang Y.Y. , Liu H.C. , Lee H.H. , Yu Y.H. , Chen M.C.
Published: July 2020

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of the endothelin receptor B subtype 2 (EDNRB2) gene on plumage coloration in mule ducks. Test mating (white Tsaiya × white Muscovy ducks) in combination with polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR RFLP) was performed to investigate the effect of non synonymous SNPs in two maternal lines (a conservation and a selection population) on plumage coloration in mule ducks. One non synonymous SNP (c.995G>A) was identified in white Muscovy ducks and white Tsaiya ducks by PCR high resolution melting (PCR HRM) and DNA sequencing. Genotyping results showed that the c.995G>A locus is associated with plumage colour in two maternal populations of white Tsaiya ducks. Further, the maternal genotype of c.995G>A SNP affects the plumage colour of mule ducks. Therefore, the polymorphisms within the EDNRB2 gene at c.995G>A in white Tsaiya ducks may be used in marker assisted selection to improve the plumage colour of mule ducks.

Keywords: Muscovy drakes, polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length, single nucleotide polymorphism, Tsaiya ducks
Assessment of genetic variation in Bapedi sheep using microsatellite markers
Authors: Maqhashu A. , Mapholi N.O. , O’Neill H.A. , Nephawe K.A. , Ramukhithi F.V. , Sebei J.P. , Nxumalo K.S. , Nedambale T.L.
Published: July 2020

This study was conducted to assess genetic variation in Bapedi sheep using 14 microsatellite markers. Blood samples were collected from 174 unrelated Bapedi sheep on six farms in various districts of Limpopo and from the Agricultural Research Council Animal Production Institute (ARC-API) in Gauteng. Genotypes from other South African indigenous sheep, namely Zulu (N = 14), Damara (N = 11), Dorper (N = 8), and Namaqua (N = 11), were included to represent reference populations. The effective number of alleles averaged 5.6 for across the Bapedi flocks and was 4.9 for the reference breeds. Among the Bapedi flocks, the observed heterozygosity (Ho) ranged from 0.56 ± 0.05 to 0.69 ± 0.03 and expected heterozygosity (He) values were between 0.75 ± 0.04 and 0.88 ± 0.01. Thus, there is considerable genetic diversity within the Bapedi sheep populations. However, the fixation index was high, indicating the possibility of inbreeding becoming a problem for these flocks. A neighbour-joining tree was constructed from the estimates of Nei’s genetic distances among flocks. The presence of Bapedi sheep flocks on all of the main branches of the tree along with one of the reference breeds suggests the present-day Bapedi is not an entirely distinct breed and that there are genetic differences between flocks of these South African indigenous sheep. Sustainable breeding and conservation programmes are needed to control inbreeding and to foreclose possible genetic dilution of Bapedi sheep.

Keywords: genetic diversity, germplasm conservation, inbreeding, indigenous sheep
In situ dry matter, protein and neutral detergent fibre degradation kinetics of Cholistan Desert grasses
Authors: Tahir M.N. , Khan Z. , Ahmad S. , Ihsan M.Z. , Lashari M.H. , Khan M.A.
Published: July 2020

Global climate change is evident and poses serious threats to the sustainability of traditional rangeland livestock production systems. This study tested the feeding potential of perennial grasses of Cholistan Desert for various species of ruminants at different physiological stages. Eight common and nutritionally important grass species (Cenchrus ciliaris, Stipagrostis plumose, Panicum antidotale, Cymbopogon jwarancusa, Cenchrus pennisitiformis, Lasiurus scindicus, Ochthochloa compressa and Vetiveria zizanioides) were investigated for in situ degradation parameters according to Nordic feed evaluation system (NorFor) standards. The collected, dried and milled grass samples were incubated for 0, 4, 8, 16, 24, and 48 hours to determine dry matter and crude protein biodegradation and additionally for 96 and 168 hours for neutral detergent fibre degradation in the rumens of lactating Nili-Ravi buffalo and Cholistan Desert cows and heifers (two from each species and from each physiological stage). All of these grass species influenced the dry matter, crude protein and neutral detergent fibre degradation fractions significantly. The overall effective degradability of dry matter for asymptotic extent of degradation did not differ. However, the potentially degradable but insoluble fraction and rate of degradation were influenced significantly by the species of the animals. All the proximate parametric characteristics of perennial desert grasses were within the nutrient range for typical ruminant diets except for crude protein. It was concluded that rumen availability of grasses was highly influenced by grass species. However, these grasses are equally nutritionally important for various species of ruminants for example buffalo versus cattle at different physiological stages and heifers versus lactating animals.Keywords: buffalo, Cenchrus ciliaris, desert cows, desert forage, feeding value
Ingestive behaviour and performance of feedlot lambs fed saccharine sorghum and corn silages
Authors: Vargas Junior F.M. , Cansian K. , Pereira H.L. , Longo M.L. , Valério A.C. , Orrico Junior M.A.P. , Retore M. , Siqueira A.B.R. , Fernandes T.
Published: July 2020

This study evaluated the ingestive behaviour and performance of feedlot lambs fed saccharine sorghum and corn silages. Ten animals were randomly selected from a group of 32 uncastrated male Suffolk lambs. The four treatments consisted of diets with 50% of silage made from forage sorghum (BD 1615), two varieties of saccharine sorghum (BRS 506 and BRS 511), and corn (BRS 2223). Ingestive behaviour was observed by a scan sampling method using seven strategically positioned video cameras so as not to interfere with the usual animal behaviour. The animals were observed for three 48-hour periods at 15-day intervals, with a total of 144 hours of observation. Video recordings were then examined to identify the time spent in ruminating, eating, drinking water and idling. Times spent feeding or drinking water were not significantly affected by the treatments. Animals fed forage sorghum silage had higher neutral detergent fibre (NDF) intake (0.41 kg of NDF), thus spent more time ruminating (342 min/day). Rumination time was similar for the BD 1615 and BRS 506 silages and was 85 min/day greater than for the BRS 511 and BRS 2223 silages, which were similar. Average daily gain was greater for BRS 2223 (275 g/day) than for BRS 506 and BRS 511 silages, which were similar (196 g/day). Ingestive behaviour for BRS 511 was similar to that observed for BRS 2223. Ingestive behaviour for BRS 506 was similar to that observed for BD 1615. Average daily gain was related to intake and ruminating efficiency.

Keywords: eating, idling, roughage, rumination, sheep (Ovis aires)
Victimization and Asymmetric Gendered Power Relations: A Linguistic Investigation of Harassment Complaints Registered in Lahore
Authors: Shaheen Umara , García María Isabel Maldonado
Published: July 2020

This paper presents an investigation of the linguistic choices employed in harassment complaints submitted to the Punjab Commission on the Status of Women and four police stations located in Lahore during 2017-2018. In a patriarchal society such as Pakistan’s, where a woman’s honour epitomizes the whole family’s honour (Atakav 2015, 52; Sharlach 2008, 96), sexual harassment, a stigmatizing issue is hardly ever reported (Ali and Kramar 2015, 241). This paper, using Feminist Critical Discourse Analysis’s (Lazar, 2005, 2007) theoretical perspective of asymmetrical gendered power relations mirrored in harassment complaints, explores the form and severity of harassing practices which had prompted women in Lahore to report them. In order to unwrap the complex interplay of gender and power, linguistic features of the complaints are examined through Fairclough’s text analysis (1989, 1992), the first dimension of the 3D model which explores lexical choices such as adjectives, adverbs, culturally informed metaphors and metaphorical extensions, which are embedded in grammatical structure exemplified through transitivity analysis. In this paper, harassment complaints are analysed as important documents invested with socio-cultural gender ideologies that underline the need for dismantling gender oppression to achieve social transformation.
Guru-chela Relationship in Khwajasira Culture of Pakistan: Uncovering the Dynamics of Power and Hegemony Within
Authors: Khan Saad Ali
Published: July 2020

The khwajasira community in Pakistan for the last few years has been actively pursuing a struggle to achieve their fundamental rights. With the promulgation of the Transgender Person’s Act of 2018, Pakistan has become among the few countries in the world considered to be extremely progressive in protecting the rights of these individuals. While praise and acclaim are levelled toward their struggle with problems and issues associated with the outside world (social world), there has been little if any work produced on their particular culture especially the dynamics of the guru-chela relationship in Pakistan. The khwajasira community’s existence in Pakistan, with its specific culture, predates the creation of the nation. Over a period of time, transformation and change have taken place within this community. While some of the traditions remained intact, others faced fundamental changes. The guru-chela relationship is considered to be the core/foundational aspect of khwajasira culture and community in Pakistan. The dominant discourse in Pakistan is that the transgender community is marginalized and discriminated against by society at large; however, there has been a scarcity of work that critically question the “internal world” of the transgender community in Pakistan. In this regard, this article aims to unearth some of the dynamics of their living world. Based on semi-structured interviews conducted with 20individuals (17chelas and 3 gurus) residing in Islamabad and Rawalpindi, this article argues that transgender activism (for their rights) is entirely an engagement with the “outer world”, while within their own particular communities/groups the existence of discrimination, violation of rights and even violence are largely overlooked or have never been talked about, especially within the guru-chela relationship. It is revealed through this research that within the khwajasira community, especially with respect to the guru-chela relationship, there exist unchallenged/unrequited power and hegemony. This relationship, hierarchal in nature, not only gives rise to discrimination and violation of human rights, but also perpetuates violence on a day-to-day basis.
A REVIEW OF VARIOUS METHODS OF SYNTHESIZING NANOPARTICLES AND THEIR APPLICATIONS
Authors: Akinlotan O.O. , Ezenobi U.V.
Published: July 2020

There is an increasing interest and need to develop a deeper understanding of the nature, fate and behavior of nanoparticles in the environment. This is driven by the increased use of engineered nanoparticles and the increased pressure to commercialize this growing technology. Nanoparticles are different from bulk particles in terms of their physical, chemicals and biological properties. Nanoparticles in their different size acts differently. Nanotechnology in recent years has had numerous applications in different fields such as industry, biotechnology, energy and environment. This paper presents a review of recent journals on the different methods of synthesizing nanoparticles and their various applications. Metallic nanoparticles of gold, silver, manganese, zinc oxide and cadmium sulfide were synthesized using different methods which ranges from sol gel, precipitation, hydrothermal, chemical reduction to green synthesis. It was concluded that these synthesized nanoparticles have immense applications in the medical, environmental, agricultural and industrial sector.
Evaluation and Consequences of the pH and Caffeine Content of Energy Drinks Marketed in Delta State, Nigeria
Authors: Akpoghelie O. J. , Igbuku U. A. , Esemedafe U. J.
Published: July 2020

Energy drink are acidic beverages with high sugar and caffeine content. They may also be referred to as “Sugar Sweetened Low pH Caffeinated Drink”. Though, the health benefits of energy drink are controversial, while they are believed to be energy boosters, enhance capacity to concentrate and also to improve physical and mental performance; it consumption may lead to degenerated health such as delayed child bearing/infertility, miscarriage, obesity or stomach ulcer as consequence of caffeine poisoning and the lowering of the body pH. This study is poise to investigate and review the acidity level alongside the caffeine content of energy drink samples, and also examine the relationship between pH, sugar metabolism and it consequences in man.
PROXIMATE AND ELEMENTAL ANALYSIS OF BANANA FRUITS (Musa spp) RIPENED WITH VARIOUS CONCENTRATIONS OF CALCIUM CARBIDE.
Authors: Nuhu A. M. , Rabi A. , Tukur H. R.
Published: July 2020

Fruit ripening is a natural process in which fruits go through various physical and chemical changes and gradually become sweet, coloured, soft and palatable. However, in recent years, the use of chemical agents as artificial fruit ripening agents has become prevalent mostly due to the commercial purposes without recourse to their health effects. Calcium carbide is one of such chemicals that is used in ripening fruits because of its cheapness and availability but at the same time it poses lots of potential health problems to health. The aim therefore was to determine the effect of the compound on the nutritional quality and hence otherwise any health effects of consuming such fruits. In this study, Banana fruits of Musa spp were purchased from vendors at station market Kaduna and were subjected to artificial ripening using various concentrations of calcium carbide(0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 M. and adopting similar techniques used by the vendors The result of the proximate analysis revealed that moisture content ranged between(71.52% -74.54%), ash content (0.815% -1.185%), fats content (0.47% - 3.21%), crude protein content (3.33%-2.63%) as well as carbohydrates content (23.67% - 18.44%). The effect of the calcium carbide is the exposure of the fruit to higher moisture content which leads to spoilage and degradation on the nutritional quality of the Banana fruits. However, at lower concentration of the calcium carbide same period of ripening was achieved without much effects on the fruits. The results of the elemental analysis revealed the concentration of Arsenic as (0.010mg/kg-0.071mg/kg) and Phosphorous as (194.50mg/kg- 231.00mg/kg).The values for Arsenic were found to be within the tolerable limit of FAO standard but for Phosphorous the values were higher than the standard and this could be from the fertilisers used for cultivation. The findings indicates that ripening of Banana fruits ( Musa spp) with higher concentration of Calcium carbide pose a great potential health dangers to consumers especially to the nervous system and must therefore be legislated.
A evolução biológica nas aulas de Biologia: concepções de estudantes da 3ª. série do Ensino Médio de uma escola pública estadual de Avaré (SP)
Authors: Frezza Tarsila Ferraz , Thomé Igor Miras
Published: July 2020

Entendemos por Evolução Biológica o conjunto de processos de modificações de caracteres hereditários que tem transformado a vida na Terra, propiciando a diversidade de organismos existentes. Os PCN e a OCEM propõem um enfoque ecológico-evolutivo sobre os conteúdos em Biologia. Entretanto, isso nem sempre é contemplado de forma adequada. Este trabalho visou avaliar as concepções do tema de alunos da 3ª. série do ensino médio em uma escola estadual para, depois, promover a difusão do conhecimento crítico-científico sobre a Evolução Biológica. Inicialmente, realizamos uma avaliação diagnóstica e, posteriormente, uma intervenção educativa. Após a intervenção, aplicamos outra atividade avaliativa; com esta última avaliação pudemos perceber que as respostas dadas foram mais baseadas no conhecimento crítico-científico. Finalmente, apontamos também, neste artigo, alguns desafios em se trabalhar esse assunto de forma integradora.
Ensino e aprendizagem de biomoléculas no ensino médio: extração de DNA e estímulo à experimentação
Authors: Matta Luciana Duarte Martins da , Santos Isabelle Revoredo dos , Mendonça Stephanny Clarissy da Silva , Carvalho Diego Vinícius Medeiros de , Silveira Ana Paula Melo da , Silva Roseane Pereira da
Published: July 2020

Este artigo relata o desenvolvimento de aulas experimentais de extração de DNA no Laboratório de Ciências de uma Escola Pública Estadual, a criação e aplicação de um Quiz elaborado na plataforma on line do kahoot sobre DNA com o objetivo de contribuir para a aprendizagem de biomoléculas no ensino de biologia. Foram aplicados questionários, antes (QCP) e após (QVA) as aulas para avaliar conhecimentos prévios e adquiridos, como ainda o kahoot contendo 10 questões sobre DNA. Os dados obtidos com os QCP mostraram que a maioria dos alunos definiram corretamente o DNA, como ainda indicaram sua localização e que apresentam dupla fita. Dados do QVA mostraram que boa parte dos alunos sabe que o DNA é detentor da informação genética.
“A QUESTÃO DOS MEDICAMENTOS”: uma análise acerca do uso e consumo de medicamentos entre crianças nascidas com a Síndrome Congênita do Zika vírus em Recife/PE
Authors: De Camargo Ana Claudia Knihs
Published: July 2020

Neste trabalho, procura-se refletir acerca do uso e consumo de medicamentos entre as crianças nascidas com a síndrome congênita do zika vírus em Recife. A partir das trajetórias de três “mães de micro”, Deisy, Paula e Cecília, será feita uma análise de perspectiva diacrônica, desde que as conhecemos, ainda em 2016, até os dias atuais, levando em conta a centralidade do tempo enquanto um elemento diretamente ligado à experiência adquirida com a prática do cuidado diário. Assim, as narrativas dessas três mães nos mostram que os medicamentos são um fato social total no contexto da epidemia, e suas histórias têm muito a nos contar sobre as práticas de manejo com a biomedicina e com o Estado, evidenciando novas facetas de como os medicamentos operam no contexto da epidemia, da deficiência e da biomedicina na capital pernambucana.
QUEM CONTROLA O ORÇAMENTO? APONTAMENTOS SOBRE O TIMING DE LIBERAÇÃO DAS EMENDAS ORÇAMENTÁRIAS INDIVIDUAIS
Authors: Bonfim Raul Wesley Leal , Sandes-Freitas Vítor Eduardo Veras de
Published: July 2020

Este artigo tem por objetivo analisar a influência do Poder Executivo sobre o ciclo financeiro e orçamentário das emendas parlamentares individuais. É consenso na literatura, que o Executivo possui o domínio legal sobre o orçamento e, consequentemente, sobre a liberação das emendas orçamentárias. No entanto, ainda não foram explorados quais mecanismos do orçamento permitem ao Executivo controlar o timing e o volume dos recursos liberados. A partir disso, questiona-se: dado o formato do ordenamento financeiro e orçamentário brasileiro, no qual as emendas individuais estão submetidas, como o Poder Executivo consegue influenciar o volume de recursos pagos referentes às emendas individuais solicitadas pelos deputados federais brasileiros na Lei Orçamentária Anual (LOA)? Os achados deste artigo apontam que o ciclo financeiro e orçamentário, que compreende as emendas individuais, caracteriza-se pelo seu alto grau de subordinação ao Poder Executivo. Dito de outra forma, o Poder Executivo é capaz de dissipar as preferências do Poder Legislativo alterando os valores das emendas individuais aprovadas na LOA, em todos os estágios do seu ciclo financeiro e orçamentário.
LEI DE INICIATIVA POPULAR 8.930/94 – A MODIFICAÇÃO NA LEI DE CRIMES HEDIONDOS: um estudo sobre o processo legislativo
Authors: Amanajás Arley Felipe
Published: July 2020

Os Mecanismos de Democracia Direta (MDD) foram pensados para possibilitar uma participação popular para além do voto. Esses instrumentos procuram mesclar, em uma democracia representativa, opções de participação direta da cidadania nas decisões estatais. O trabalho tem como objetivo analisar a aplicação das Leis de Iniciativa Popular no Brasil através de um olhar sobre o seu processo legislativo. Diferente de outros trabalhos sobre o tema, buscamos identificar em uma análise endógena ao Congresso Nacional, especialmente na Câmara dos Deputados, onde as leis de origem popular se iniciam, como ocorre o processo decisório e o estabelecimento de seu conteúdo, além de buscar compreender a influência do Poder Executivo neste contexto. Para isso, com base na bibliografia sobre o tema, explicitamos as discussões sobre a formação e o papel das coalizões na aprovação das matérias no legislativo e no estabelecimento da agenda governamental, além de destacar como se materializa a participação das instituições estruturantes do processo legislativo brasileiro (comissões, colégio de líderes e partidos políticos) no tocante à aprovação das iniciativas populares de leis. O trabalho tem por objeto a análise do primeiro caso de iniciativa popular legislativa aprovado no Brasil até o presente momento: a Lei 8.930/94 – Altera a lei de crimes hediondos. Percebe-se que foi nas Comissões e no Plenário da Câmara dos Deputados onde os projetos ganharam seus conteúdos finais. Os deputados fizeram algumas modificações nos projetos originais oriundos da participação popular, mas em nenhum caso chegaram a descaracterizar ou mudá-lo de forma substancial.
COMISSÕES PERMANENTES E PERFIL PARLAMENTAR: análise sociopolítica das comissões temáticas de fiscalização e controle do senado brasileiro (1993 - 2018)
Authors: Pereira Fabiano da Silva
Published: July 2020

O presente artigo analisa a composição sociopolítica das comissões temáticas de fiscalização e controle no Senado brasileiro, visto que as comissões cumprem um importante papel na organização das atividades legislativas, pois: a) proporcionam a especialização dos parlamentares; b) permitem maior discussão sobre as matérias demandadas; c) viabilizam o debate político democrático e a busca pela formação de consensos. Além disso, possibilitam o trabalho do plenário em ser um instrumento de equilíbrio entre o parlamento e o governo ao facultar a produção de decisões estáveis, contrapondo-se, portanto, ao caráter cíclico da regra majoritária e à ameaça de paralisia decisória. Portanto, pesquisar a sua atividade legislativa também perpassa observar sua engenharia. É nesse sentido que este artigo pretende colaborar com o dossiê ao analisar a composição sociopolítica das comissões responsáveis pela temática de fiscalização e controle no Senado brasileiro, no período de 1993 a 2018, levando em consideração: a) o perfil político dos membros das comissões (partido, mandato, experiência em outros partidos); b) experiência prévia em cargos eletivos nos Poderes Legislativo e Executivo; c) escolaridade e atuação profissional; d) perfil sociodemográfico (região, gênero).
O REPÓRTER-AMADOR: as disposições sociais de Lucas do Face
Authors: De Souza Silva Letícia Maria , De Oliveira Sheila Borges , Da Silva Santos Rayanne Elisã
Published: July 2020

Neste artigo, analisamos quais são as motivações sociais que levam um cidadão, sem formação na área de comunicação, a produzir notícia à revelia dos veículos da grande imprensa. A pesquisa foi realizada com o apoio do Programa Institucional de Bolsas de Iniciação Científica (Pibic/CNPq). Neste trabalho, apresentamos os primeiros resultados gerais dos perfis sociológicos, elaborados com os indivíduos pesquisados, e mostramos de forma mais detalhada um deles, o de Lucas do Face, que deixou de ser audiência passiva para se transformar em repórter-amador e empreendedor na Região Agreste de Pernambuco. Essa investigação acadêmica analisa o fenômeno social do repórter-amador (BORGES, 2015) com base nos aportes teórico e metodológico de Lahire (2002; 2004; 2006; 2010).
“A CACHOEIRA E O LAGO”: entrevista com Adriano de León
Authors: Alves Benício Maylle , Azevedo Gomes de León Adriano
Published: July 2020

Adriano Gomes Azevedo de León é professor titular do Departamento de Psicologia da UFPB, recentemente transferido do Departamento de Ciências Sociais, onde atuou por mais de 20 anos. Define-se, do ponto de vista acadêmico, como um “ser híbrido”, dada sua trajetória ter se iniciado na Engenharia Agronômica, atravessado a sociologia, a antropologia, a psicanálise, e, recentemente ter desaguado na psicologia. Foi o responsável pela criação da Revista CAOS em 1999, um projeto que, não só pelo nome, reflete as concepções teóricas e existenciais do seu criador. Como intelectual, notabiliza-se por estudos realizados sobre religião, gênero, paradigma queer e anarco-queer. É grande conhecedor do pensamento pós-estruturalista com o qual mantém profunda identificação. Como professor, notabiliza-se por suas metodologias vanguardistas, desafiadoras de padrões vigentes. É paraibano de Areia, cidade do brejo paraibano. Autor de livros e artigos acadêmicos, literários, reportagens jornalísticas, e textos virtuais. A entrevista foi realizada na manhã do dia 18 de outubro de 2019, na sala do professor Dr. Adriano de León na Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa - PB.
TRAJETÓRIAS RELIGIOSAS: percursos de pais e mães de santo do candomblé em João Pessoa
Authors: Medeiros Gracila Graciema de
Published: July 2020

Estudar as trajetórias religiosas de pais e mães de santo do candomblé em João Pessoa, constituiu-se na temática desta pesquisa, cujo objetivo foi compreender elementos pontuais do trânsito religioso na cidade de João Pessoa, a partir da busca e adesão ao candomblé. Para isso, observa-se trajetórias de vida religiosa e o movimento de cada trajetória, dentro e fora do campo afro-brasileiro de cinco agentes, pais e mães de santo do candomblé. O diálogo com a sociologia praxiológica de Bourdieu foi o ponto de ancoragem da reflexão. Os conceitos de habitus, campo e trajetória tornam-se centrais para o quadro descritivo-analítico, assim também como os pressupostos da sociologia que se utilizam dos conceitos de experiências socializadoras e disposições. Esta investigação se caracteriza como uma pesquisa qualitativa, cujos dados foram coletados por meio de entrevista semiestrutura. A análise das trajetórias dos sujeitos constrói um percurso delineado como individual, que, porém, mostra-se atravessado continuamente pelas forças sociais, disputas, conflitos, mudanças e tendências que atuam no campo em questão.
ESCOLA CERCADA
Authors: Martins Raiana
Published: July 2020

Os registros fotográficos aqui apresentados foram feitos no Instituto Federal da Paraíba, campus Jaguaribe, como uma das atividades realizadas pelo PIBID Sociologia 2018/2019 e teve como principal objetivo refletir como se dão as relações no ambiente escolar. Mas para além disso, os registros nos revelaram um conjunto de limitações para que essas relações aconteçam. Os portões, grades e cercas levam os estudantes a vivenciar os seus momentos de lazer, descanso e estudo extra classe quase sempre nos corredores e pátios. Faltam um restaurante universitário, espaços de estudo onde possam conversar entre si e lugares onde possam se recuperar da agenda de um dia todo de atividades. Diante da falta, improvisam camas, mesas e tabuleiros, enquanto sonham e lutam pela escola que gostariam. As imagens foram inseridas também no curta produzido por mim e Paula Cavalcante e denominado “Por dentro do IF”, disponível no ciberespaço.
TEMÁTICA INDÍGENA E EXTENSÃO UNIVERSITÁRIA: um olhar para os editais da Pró-Reitoria de Extensão e Cultura do IFPB
Authors: Dantas Humberto Bismark Silva
Published: July 2020

Este trabalho emerge a partir da lei 11.645/2008, pautando a interface da extensão no IFPB como espaço propício ao desenvolvimento de atividades vinculadas ao ensino de temática indígena. É resultado das experiências vividas no projeto “Por dentro do IFPB - Conhecer e expressar”, realizadas no âmbito do Programa de Bolsas de Iniciação à Docência PIBID/Sociologia - UFPB, sob coordenação dos professores Rita de Cássia Melo Santos (DCS/UFPB) e Adolfo Wagner (IFPB). Metodologicamente, realizo um mapeamento das iniciativas da Pró-reitoria de Extensão e Cultura (PROEX) de toda a rede do IFPB, especialmente no que se refere aos editais de Projetos, Programas, Eventos e Prestação de Serviços, entre os anos de 2016 a 2019. Das 855 ações financiadas nesses editais, apenas 19 (2,22% do total) se vinculam aos povos indígenas, das quais 13 possuem propostas de colaboração direta junto aos Potiguara e/ou Tabajara da Paraíba. Entre essas 13 ações encontramos movimentos de auxílio técnico especializado por meio dos cursos dentro do IFPB, bem como ações de promoção à mobilização cultural e cidadã dentro e fora das aldeias. Os 6 projetos restantes se vinculam a ações de ensino de cultura e história indígena, seja no próprio IFPB, em escolas da região ou em ações de etnoturismo em sítios arqueológicos do estado. Por fim, constatamos a urgência de ampliação de fomento institucional ao lidar com a temática indígena de forma multilateral, em ações de Ensino, Pesquisa e Extensão. Paralelamente, ganham luz os desafios enfrentados pelas universidades e institutos federais frente ao desmonte da edu...
CONHECER PARA INTERVIR: diagnóstico do IFPB-João Pessoa para realização de atividades do PIBID/Sociologia UFPB
Authors: Santos Rita de Cássia Melo , Silva Adriano Felix da , Toledo Aline , Medeiros Brenno Ricardo Ramos de , (Ayra Liberato) Franklyn Sizernando Liberato , Cadore Marcelo , Cavalcante Paula Cristina , Mello Roberta do Nascimento , Cabral Selma de Souza , Mendes Tyago Carneiro , Silva Valter Gomes , Wagner Adolfo
Published: July 2020

O presente trabalho pretende apresentar os resultados obtidos com o diagnóstico realizado para atuação do Programa Institucional de Bolsas de Iniciação à Docência (PIBID/Sociologia/UFPB) no Instituto Federal da Paraíba (IFPB), campus João Pessoa. Realizado em 2018 pela totalidade de integrantes do PIBID/Sociologia/UFPB, o diagnóstico buscou produzir um material que permitisse uma visão ampla do campus e do ensino de sociologia. Deste modo, o diagnóstico pretende ser um material de reconhecimento do IFPB/campus João Pessoa e de apoio a pesquisadores que desejem desenvolver projetos no Instituto. O diagnóstico constitui-se de cinco grandes itens:  a) resgate da memória da criação do IFPB; b) descrição da estrutura física e das características funcionais do campus João Pessoa; c) identificação dos movimentos estudantis atuantes no campus; d) caracterização do funcionamento do ensino técnico integrado ao médio; e e) levantamento da oferta da sociologia nos diversos cursos e o formato da disciplina.
EDITORIAL
Authors: Boaes Giovanni
Published: July 2020

Apresentação do número 24.
Reasons for Choice of Place of Delivery among Women of Reproductive Age in a Semi urban Population in North-Central Nigeria
Authors: Shambe I H , Pam V C , Enokela M A , Oyebode T A , Gyang M D , Gyang B Z , Envuladu E A
Published: July 2020

Where women choose to deliver affects their access to skilled birth attendant and potentially determines the outcome of the pregnancy. This is an important factor against the backdrop of high maternal and neonatal mortality rates in Nigeria. The choice of place of delivery and factors that determine such choices are therefore pertinent considerations in the path to safe motherhood. To assess the factors that determine the choice of place of delivery by women of reproductive age, this cross sectional study was carried out between January to March 2015 in Vom , a semi urban area about 30km from Jos the capital of Plateau State among 2,640 (Two thousand six hundred and forty) women of reproductive age. The mother’s safety was the major factor that influenced the choice of place of delivery by 1,927(73%) of the respondents, the cost of services was the next determinant in 633(24%) of the respondents while the attitude of the health care providers at hospitals was the least consideration in 79 (3%) of the respondents for the choice of place of delivery. The most preferred place of delivery was hospitals (80%) while home delivery and deliveries with Traditional Birth Attendants were favoured by 19% and 1% of the respondents respectively. The majority of the respondents (32%) were between the ages of 40-44 years while 22% were between 25-29years of age. The respondents were predominantly farmers of the Berom ethnic group (99%) and 47% of them had completed primary level of education. The safety of pregnant mother was the major consideration that influenced the place of delivery among women of reproductive age in this population. Hospital delivery was the most favoured place of delivery.
Klippel-Feil Syndrome: A Review of Literature and Case Report
Authors: Mohammad H , Annongu I T , Mue D D , Chia D M , Abah R O , Magaji O
Published: July 2020

Though Klippel-Feil syndrome is a rare congenital anomaly and the clinical presentations are varied, a complete history, physical and radiological examinations may reveal the diagnosis.
Pattern of Diseases and Outcomes of Neonatal Admission in Benue State University Teaching Hospital, Makurdi, Nigeria
Authors: Ochoga M O , Abah R O , Idoko A , Dabit J O , Ebonyi A , Okpe E S
Published: July 2020

The burden of neonatal morbidity and mortality remains a major health challenge, and contributes to deaths among children under the age of five years especially in developing countries. The objective of this study was to report the pattern of diseases and outcomes of neonatal admission over a three-year period. This retrospective study was conducted in the Special Care Baby Unit from January 2013 to December 2015. Data of all the patients admitted to the unit during the study period was analyzed for sex, gestational age, weight, duration of stay, diagnosis on admission, age at admission, outcome and causes of death. A total of 505 patients were admitted during the study period, 310(61.4%) were males and 195(38.6%) were females. There were 374(74.1%) term babies while 111(22.0%) preterm and 20(4.0%) were post term. Low birth weight accounted for 134(30.5%) of all the patients. The commonest cause of neonatal admission was sepsis 40.8%, followed by jaundice 21.0 %, and prematurity 14.1 %. Of the total admissions 86.3% were successfully treated and discharged, 4.2% discharged against medical advice and 9.5 % died. Neonatal deaths were commonly associated with birth asphyxia 31.3 %, followed by neonatal sepsis 27.1% and prematurity 25.0%. Majority (44.6%) of the infants were admitted on the second to seventh day of life. Improving antenatal services, delivery services and neonatal care will help to reduce neonatal morbidity and mortality.
Parasitic infections and risk factors associated with Amoebiasis among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in primary health care centres in Lagos Mainland, Lagos, Nigeria
Authors: Akinsanya B , Babatunde A , Olasanmi M , Adedotun A A
Published: July 2020

The prevalence of amoebiasis was investigated among pregnant women using a gold standard microscopy method. Stool samples were collected from pregnant women, from two primary health care centers (Iwaya and Ebute-metta). The study involved 203 pregnant women during their visits to the antenatal clinic in Primary health centres at Lagos Mainland from June – October, 2016. Each participant was interviewed using questionnaires to relate prevalence and risk factors to their socio-demographic characteristics. Among these pregnant women, 120 respondents provided their stool samples and this was parasitologically screened with 0.8% prevalence of Entamoeba histolytica infection, 7.5% with Entamoeba Coli, 0.5% with Ascaris lumbricoides, and 0.8% infection with Hookworm. A prevalence of 0.8% for the mixed infection of Ascaris lumbricoides with Entamoeba histolytica, and a prevalence of 1.7% for the mixed infection of Entamoeba coli and Entamoeba histolytica was recorded. Significant association (p<0.05), was established between infection and diarrhoea, and the residence of the pregnantwomen.Socio - demographic factors like age, sex, socio-economic status, type of toilet, source of drinking water (p>0.05) showed no significant association with amoebiasis prevalence. In conclusion, E. histolytica infection is generally low in Lagos state owing to good environmental sanitation within Lagos metropolis. Efforts should therefore be geared towards its elimination by provision of water for Lagos residents.
Effects of B. bacteriovorus (ATCC™ 1534) Injection on Some Serum Chemistry Parameters in Rats Injected with P. multocida
Authors: Sar T T , Umeh U E , Ishaleku D
Published: July 2020

To determine effects of Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus on some serum chemistry parameters, and evaluate its ability to regulate in vivo damage and control pathogen activity, twelve Sprague Dawley rats were injected subcutaneously, once daily, with 1 x 108/ml B. bacteriovorus (ATCC™ 1534) in saline and some serumchemistry parameters measured. Another set of 12 Sprague Dawley rats were also injected once daily with 108/ml of the pathogen P. multocida. Further, 12 other rats were injected with 1 x 108/ml each of B. bacteriovorus and then with P. multocida. All injections were for 168 hours. A group of 12 rats were injected intramuscularly once, at collection of blood samples, with 2 mg/kg of Ketamine Hydrochloride, used as anaesthesia. A final group of 12 rats, not injected with any of the bacteria or anaesthetic served as controls. Blood was collected from all rats for analysis by cardiac puncture. Though there were instances when serum chemistry concentrations were higher on injections with both B. bacteriovorus and P. multocida, compared with rats injected with only P. multocida or the controls, findings showed that B. bacteriovorus injected into rats which had previously been injected with P. multocida led to lower levels of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and creatinine when compared with concentrations in rats injected with only P. multocida. Mortality was reduced by 88% in rats injected with P. multocida and B. bacteriovorus compared with those injected with only P. multocida. It is concluded that B. bacteriovorus effectively mitigated damage caused by P. multocida in rats.
Komunikasi Konflik Dalam Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Perikanan Di Kawasan Taman Nasional Karimunjawa (Kasus: Desa Karimunjawa, Kecamatan Karimunjawa)
Authors: Aulia Titania , Sarwoprasodjo Sarwititi , Satria Arif
Published: July 2020

Differences of perception in the fisheries resources management in the area of  Karimunjawa National Park (KNP) is still perceived by all stakeholders, especially the Karimunjawa National Park Officer (KNPO) as authorities. As KNPO, attempts to communicate with the fishermen, even with using of communication media, such as notice boards, poster, leaflet, and implementation of the No Take Zone Campaign Program. Fishermen believe that the lack of information due to lack of communication, so KNPO regarded as enemies of fishermen. The purpose of this study was to analyze the perception of fishermen on aspects of fisheries resources management, resulting in conflict due to differences in perception. This study has revealed that the social characteristics (age and experience of fisheries resources management) and trust of KNPO correlated to perception of fishermen in fisheries resources management aspects. The characteristics of fishermen who have different perceptions with KNPO were fishermen who lived near KNPO office, fishermen who did not participate in the activities of KNPO, young age, and fishing experience is still lacking.  Keywords: communication media, perception, conflict
Pemanfaatan Informasi Teknologi Mangga (Kasus Di Kecamatan Sedong Kabupaten Cirebon)
Authors: Pasaribu Junika Megawaty , Purnaningsih Ninuk , Hartati Mulyandari Retno Sri
Published: July 2020

Mango farmer need a technology to improve the production and the quality of mango. This study was aimed to analyse the factors related to the use of information by mango farmer, the relationship of farmer characteristics, level of information need, and level of information access with the use of information sources by the mango farmer, and to analyze the relationship between the use of information sources and the level of utilization of technology information by the mango farmer. A survey was conducted towards 65 farmers as respondents in Sedong Subdistrict, Cirebon Regency.The results showed that in the use of information sources of mango farmer, a few of information sources were used, the intensity of information access was low and the level of information appropriateness were low and very high. The influential factors towards the use of information sources were age, level of formal and non-formal education, scale of business, level of income, level of information need of cultivation, post-harvest, and marketing, and so level of easiness and affordability to access information. The level of utilization of information were very high to enhance the knowledge, very low to be applicated, and high to be forwarded to others. A very significant possitive correlation was found between the use of information sources and utilization of information.Keywords: utilization of information, mango, information need, information sources