bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Study on the Changes of Colostrum Quality, Milk Constituents and Somatic Cell Count after Calving in Holstein Friesian Cows
Authors: Koç Atakan , Gaser Berkay
Published: May 2022

Colostrum quality produced by dairy cows varies considerably. The amount of immune protein content in colostrum has also high specific gravity. In this study, the specific gravity of colostrum (SGC) produced by 32 Holstein-Friesian cows with different parities in the first five milking after calving, and additionally, the fat content (FC), non-fat dry matter content (NFDMC) and somatic cell count (SCC) in the milk samples taken in the first five milking and on the fifth and 10th day milking of lactation were determined. The effects of parity and milking order on SGC, FC, NFDMC and Log10SCC were detected to be statistically significant. Parity x milking order interaction effect was found to be significant for SGC, FC and NFDMC, but its effect on Log10SCC was insignificant. Cows with three and upper parities had higher SGC, FC, NFDMC, and Log10SCC than cows in the first and second parities. While SGC (1055.09±1.20 mg/mL), FC (6.36±0.12%) and NFDMC (18.17±0.37%) obtained at the first milking decreased gradually in advancing milking, Log10SCC (5.90±0.028) level increased. The correlation coefficients of SGC with FC, NFDMC, and Log10SCC were low-medium, the coefficients between FC and NFDMC were moderately too high in the first three milking, and decreased and approached zero in advancing milking. It was observed that SGC remained high even in the fourth milking in some cows, especially in the third and higher parities. In conclusion, it has been revealed that not only colostrum obtained from the first milking, but also quality colostrum produced in subsequent milking can be used in calf feeding in dairy cattle farms. However, all this depends on the adoption of the strategy of determining the quality of colostrum with the help of a colostrometer in dairy cattle farms.
Phytochemical Screening, Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Litsea floribunda Gamble, Leaf and Bark Extract
Authors: Madhayan Karthik , Balamurugan Venkadachalam , Suganya Sunder
Published: May 2022

The Litsea floribunda Gamble was widely used for various medicinal purposes. The present study was aimed to screening the phytochemicals presentin theleaf and bark extract of
L. floribunda and also assess their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The results revealed that the leaf and bark extract showed the extracts are rich in phytomoleculeslikephenolics and tannin. The leaf extract showed more antioxidant activitiessuch as total antioxidant, ABTS, superoxide radical scavenging, FRAP, and DPPH reducing power activities were done respectively. Better radical activities Albumin denaturation and Anti-proteinase were observed in leaf extractthan in the bark extract, also it showed significant anti-inflammatory activities. Finally, L. floribunda could be considered as the most valuablealternative medicinalsource for many diseases.
Performance of a Metering Unit Equipped with a Fluted Roll for Seeding Coriander Seeds (Coriandrum sativum L.)
Authors: Tayfun Varol Hürkan , Değirmencioğlu Adnan
Published: May 2022

The objective of this study was to find out the performance of a seeding unit metering coriander seeds (Coriandrum sativum L.) with a fluted roll. As a first step for the determination of the performance of the metering unit, flow rate measurements were achieved at a combination of five roll lengths and ten different rpm values with three replications. The coefficient of variation (CV, %) was calculated and each CV value was used to characterize the flow evenness. The seed distributions were obtained at three seeding rates (15, 20 and 25 kg ha-1) and three forward speeds (1.0, 1.5 and 2 ms-1). The data obtained from the sticky belt test stand experiments; the seed distribution uniformity was evaluated based on two performance criterion. One of them was the variation factor (Vƒ) and the other one was the goodness criterion (λ). The CV (%) values of flow evenness were found to vary between 0.28 and 1.05%. On the other hand, the variation factor (Vƒ) values were found to range from 0.65 to 0.83 and these values indicated that the seeding can be characterized as precision seeding at all combinations of three seeding rate and three forward speeds. The goodness criterion (λ) values varied between 69 % and 77.3%. Based on the evaluation range of the goodness criterion (λ), the seeding at a seeding rate of 15 kg ha-1 and forward speed of 1.0 ms-1 along with the seeding rate of 20 and 25 kg ha-1 at a forward speed of 1.0 and 1.5 ms-1 was classified as very good. The rest of the four seeding rates and forward speeds combinations, the goodness criterion (λ) was evaluated to be good quality.
Pathogenicity test of Sclerotium rolfsii isolates causing foot and root rot disease of betelvine (Piper betle L.)
Authors: Rahman Md. Hafizur , Islam Md. Rafiqul , Aminuzzaman F. M. , Das Kallol , Patwary M. M. A. , Masud M. Z.
Published: May 2022

The experiment was conducted under in-vivo condition in a betelvine baroj at Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University (SAU), Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh. Nineteen isolates of Sclerotium rolfsii collected from different regions of Bangladesh designated as isolate-1 to isolate-19. Soil inoculated with S. rolfsii exhibited mycelial growth on the soil surface and around the base of the betelvine plant within 2-4 days after inoculation. Only 2 days after inoculation were required to manifest cottony colony on soil surface near root zone of inoculated betelvine plants by the isolate-3, 5, 7, 9 and 12. The first disease symptoms were observed within 6 to 16 days after inoculation where minimum days were required by the isolate-9 and maximum by the isolate-2 and 14. The highest lesion length (6.50 cm) was produced by the isolate-9 and isolate-13. All the isolates were found to be pathogenic in some cases, disease delayed due to their degree of pathogenicity. The isolate-9 showed highest disease incidence of 100% which was superior as compared to all other isolates at 15 days after inoculation. The isolate-19 showed least disease incidence of 66.66% even at 30 days after inoculation. Among the isolates, the most pathogenic one was isolate-9 collected from Kaligonj upazilla of Jhenaidah.
Current and emerging therapies for eosinophilic esophagitis
Authors: Sher Ellen R. , Ross Jacqueline A. , Weine Douglas M. , Chandini Arjun Arundhati
Published: May 2022

Background: Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a Type-2 chronic inflammatory food antigen‐driven disease of the esophagus, characterized by eosinophilic predominant inflammation and a constellation of symptoms. The incidence and prevalence of EoE has increased over
the past 2 decades. There is an unmet need for approved less burdensome treatment options. Objective: To describe the underlying pathophysiology and diagnosis of EoE and discuss the currently available treatment options. We also aim to review the new and emerging therapies
for EoE. Methods: A search of a medical literature data base was performed for articles that discuss treatment for EoE. Results: A comparison of current therapies showed that dietary elimination, swallowed topical corticosteroids, and proton-pump inhibitor
therapy are all effective for different populations. Emerging therapies that were reviewed include new topical corticosteroids and biologics directed against Type 2 inflammation. Conclusion: EoE is a chronic inflammatory disorder that can be debilitating, with long-term
sequelae. There are no current approved therapies in the United States. Numerous new treatments are on the horizon. Increasing amounts of data are helping to tailor treatment for each patient. Ultimately, shared decision-making is the best approach to guide treatment choices with patients
to manage the ever-increasing burden of this disease.
Prophylactic therapy with subcutaneous C1-inhibitor is associated with sustained symptom control in patients with hereditary angioedema
Authors: Craig Timothy , Feuersenger Henrike , Pragst Ingo , Dang John
Published: May 2022

Background: Hereditary angioedema (HAE) due to C1-inhibitor (C1-INH) deficiency is a rare genetic disorder characterized by disabling episodes of edema that commonly affect the skin as well as the gastrointestinal tract and upper airway. Prophylactic therapy can decrease
the severity and number of attacks. Long-term symptom control and rescue medication use were evaluated in patients with HAE who received subcutaneous (SC) C1-INH enrolled in an open-label extension (OLE) of the phase III COMPACT (Clinical Studies for Optimal Management of Preventing Angioedema
with Low-Volume Subcutaneous C1-Inhibitor Replacement Therapy) trial, including a subgroup analysis of patients treated for ≥12 months. Methods: The OLE study evaluated patients ≥ 6 years old who had had four or more attacks over 2 consecutive months before enrollment.
Patients naive for C1-INH (SC) and patients in the COMPACT rollover trial were included. The patients were randomized to receive C1-INH (SC) 40 or 60 IU/kg twice weekly for 52 weeks. U.S. patients were eligible to continue for up to 140 weeks. Results: A total of 63 patients
were randomized to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved dose of 60 IU/kg; 24 subjects were treated for at least 12 months. For the 63 subjects, the median (range) attacks per month were 0.09 (0.0‐4.0) and per year were 1.0 (0.0‐48.0). Two-thirds of the patients used
rescue medication fewer than once per year. For the 24 patients with ≥ 12 months of exposure, the median (range) attacks per month and per year were 0.017 (0.000-2.4) and 0.199 (0.000-28.94), respectively. Of these patients, 12 (50%) were attack free throughout the duration of the study,
and 3 (12.5%) had fewer than one attack per year. Conclusion: Prophylaxis with C1-INH (SC) provided sustained reductions in attack frequency and decreased rescue medication use, with a substantial proportion of patients being attack free.
COVID-19 pandemic impact on telehealth use and perceptions for atopic and respiratory disease: Survey results
Authors: Bukstein Don A. , Eghrari-Sabet Jacqueline , Hart Mary , Hill Tanisha , Parikh Purvi , Winders Tonya A.
Published: May 2022

Background: Telehealth use increased during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic to provide patient care while deferring to social distancing recommendations. Objective: Health-care provider and patient surveys were conducted to assess the
impact of COVID-19 on the use and perception of telehealth visits for atopic and respiratory diseases. Methods: Health-care provider (N = 200) and patient (N = 200) surveys were conducted in the United States between September and October, 2020, and January, 2021. The participants
were required to have used telehealth before or after March 1, 2020, the cutoff date selected to represent the start of the COVID-19 pandemic. Results: Before the pandemic, 40% of the health-care provider participants were conducting telehealth visits, which increased to
100% after the pandemic started. The average time spent per telehealth visit with patients increased from 13 to 16 minutes. A higher percentage of family medicine physicians/pediatricians had access to most monitoring tools than allergy/dermatology specialists both before the pandemic and
after the pandemic started. Practice expenses reportedly increased after the pandemic started for 42% of participants. Before the pandemic, 27% of the patient participants used telehealth, which increased to 94% after the pandemic started. Ratings of “good” or “excellent”
for the overall telehealth experience by the health-care provider participants improved from 44% before to 60% after the pandemic started, and by the patient participants improved from 77% to 88%. The willingness by the health-care provider participants to recommend telehealth to colleagues
improved from 73% before to 83% after the pandemic started. The willingness by the patient participants to use telehealth again dropped slightly, from 94% to 89%. Conclusion: Telehealth visits for atopic and respiratory diseases increased during the COVID-19 pandemic. Telehealth
experiences were overall positive, particularly for the patients.
Chronic cough in asthma is associated with increased airway inflammation, more comorbidities, and worse clinical outcomes
Authors: Deng Su Jun , Wang Ji , Liu Lei , Zhang Xin , Gibson Peter G. , Chen Zhi Hong , Birring Surinder S. , Xie Min , Lai Ke Fang , Qin Ling , Liu Dan , Vertigan Anne E. , Song Woo-Jung , McGarvey Lorcan , Luo Feng Ming , Chung Kian Fan , Li Wei Min , Wang Gang
Published: May 2022

Background: Cough is often the most prominent and intractable symptom reported by patients with asthma, but few studies have explored the characteristics of patients with asthma and with chronic cough (CC) in a real-world setting. Methods: In a prospective
cohort study, patients ages ≥ 18 years with stable asthma were consecutively recruited at the West China Hospital, Sichuan University. The patients were classified as having asthma with CC (the CC group) or asthma with non-CC (the non-CC group) after 3 months of optimized asthma therapy
according to standard guidelines. Multidimensional assessment was performed at baseline, followed by a 12-month follow-up to assess asthma exacerbations. Results: Of 323 patients with asthma, 127 patients were assigned to the CC group and 196 patients were assigned to the
non-CC group. The participants with CC were older and had more airflow obstruction; worse asthma control and quality of life; increased airway inflammation; upper respiratory tract infection as a trigger; and more comorbidities, such as psychological dysfunction, rhinitis, chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease, and bronchiectasis. They reported greater work productivity loss and daily activity impairment, and increased moderate-to-severe exacerbations. Conclusion: The participants with asthma and with CC had a significant disease burden, with increased exacerbations,
health-care utilization, and impaired work productivity and daily activity. These observations indicated potential clinical implications in patients with asthma and with CC, and call for more attention to this aspect of asthma.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus-2 disease and the community pharmacist: Practical lessons from the trenches
Authors: Bolanle Olugbade Omotoso
Published: May 2022

Severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) disease represented a systemic stress test of sorts on a global scale both in rich and poor nations. As a disease without borders, it exposed how rapidly health system capacity can be overwhelmed, resulting in massive loss of lives and how vaccine access and equitable distribution may contribute to a reverse in pandemic deleterious outcomes, while communities and regions that suffer disproportionate inequitable distribution of available vaccines may be more prone to dismal health outcomes. Contrary to the traditional vaccine development timeline, SARS-CoV-2 disease created a global health emergency that fostered global cooperation in public and private sector and encouraged warp-speed vaccine development through mRNA and viral vector vaccine technology platforms. The success of any medical or public health intervention is predicated on both rapid development of intervention agents and equitable and widespread access. While community pharmacy density was pivotal to vaccine access in the United States, other parts of the developing world can continue to deploy channels already in use for other community disease containment efforts while striving to improve pharmacy density. In the United States, vaccine access through community pharmacies facilitated the pandemic-to-endemic transition, same access; to rapid testing and early treatment would curtail the disease, minimize disease outbreaks, and prevent health system capacity stress. Pharmacists and other health-care professionals should expect larger number of their patients showing up with long-term systemic implications of COVID-19, either as survivors of COVID-19 disease or survivors of relatives lost to COVID-19 disease.
Thoracic spine aneurysmal bone cyst causing paraplegia in a child: A case report
Authors: Alanazi Omar Q. , Alshebromi Abdullah H. , Albaz Amro F. , Bassi Mahdi M.
Published: May 2022

A primary aneurysmal bone cyst (ABC) of the spine is a benign lesion with an aggressive nature that can lead to bone destruction and the potential of recurrence after surgical resection. This report focuses on a rare case of the primary ABC in the proximal thoracic spine that is associated with paraplegia in a 7-year-old patient. Nonetheless, the previous research has confirmed that the best therapy for thoracic lesions is challenging and the paucity of evidence-based practice remains an impediment to addressing the issue. The main attribute that leads to these difficulties is the position of the lesions that occur close to the spine and the documented relationship to deformity. Surgical resection decompression can be used alone or in combination with fixation, curettage, selective arterial embolization, and radiotherapy. This report aimed to discuss the clinical, radiological, and therapeutic features of the primary spinal ABC and stress the need for complete surgical excision and decompression if complete spinal cord injury is present. We report this rare case, which was treated surgically with excellent neurological recovery and no recurrence of the ABC at 7 months of follow-up.
ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE METHODS APPLIED TO THEIR CHILDREN BY MOTHERS WITH FEAR OF COVID-19
Authors: ÇELİK Melike , SUNGUR Meltem , GEÇİCİ Fatma
Published: May 2022

Purpose: This study was conducted to determine the alternative medicine methods used by mothers in their children during the COVID-19 pandemic process and to evaluate the relationship between the fear of COVID-19 and alternative medicine method .

Methods: The descriptive study was conducted with 229 mothers in September and October.. The data were collected using a socio-demographic question form and The Fear of COVID-19 Scale. Data collection tools were applied online due to the pandemic. Independent t-test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) tests were used for statistical calculations. Cronbach-Alpha was calculated for internal consistency. Statistical significance level was taken as p
فاعلية برنامج تدريبي مستند إلى التعلم للدماغ في تنمية الدافعية لدى طالبات الصف الرابع الأساسي في معان
Authors: الشاويش جمان غالب محمد
Published: May 2022

هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى تقصي أثر برنامج مستند إلى الدماغ في تنمية الدافعية لدى طالبات الصف الرابع الأساسي في تدريس مادة العلوم. اتبعت الباحثة المنهج شبه التجريبي وقد تكونت عينة الدراسة من (50) طالبة من طالبات الصف الرابع الأساسي تم اختيارهن عشوائيا من مدرسة من مدراس تربية معان. تم توزيع الطالبات إلى مجموعتين: تجريبية درست وفق البرنامج التدريبي المستند إلى الدماغ وتضم (25) طالبة والمجموعة الثانية درست وفق طريقة التدريس الاعتيادية وعددهم (25) طالبة في أثناء العام 2020/2021. ولتحقيق أهداف الدراسة تم إعداد مقياس الدافعية وتم حساب الصدق والثبات. وأظهرت النتائج وجود فرق دال إحصائيا كان لصالح أداء طلبة المجموعة التجريبية وفي ضوء نتائج الدراس، يوصى بتوظيف التعلم المستند إلى الدماغ لما له من أثر على دافعية الطالبات للتعلم
Scientific Activity of S. A. Fedoseeva in the Context of Study of the Yakutia Ancient History: Practice, Theory, and Organization
Authors:   Arctic Research Center of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), Shipitsyn Yu. A. , Kiryanov N. S. ,   Arctic Research Center of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)
Published: May 2022

The article highlights the biography and professional activities of the outstanding researcher of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) – Svetlana Aleksandrovna Fedoseeva (1936–2017), the first archaeologist after A. P. Okladnikov, who together with Yu. A. Mochanov has been engaged in systematic study of the prehistory of Yakutia for more than half a century (1959–2017). The main purpose of the article is to evaluate the role and contribution of S.A. Fedoseeva to the archeology of Yakutia. This is the first attempt to collect and analyze its most important archaeological achievements. Fedoseeva´s first studies were carried out in the Upper Vilyui in Western Yakutia, because of which the consistent succession of archaeological cultures from the early Neolithic to the early Iron Age was proved and the first traces of bronze foundry were discovered. Then she and Yu. A. Mochanov in the 1960–1970 discovered several successive archaeological cultures of Yakutia from the Paleolithic to the early Iron Age, as well as developed their first periodization and chronology. In total, over all the years of work by Fedoseeva and Mochanov in Yakutia, more than 800 new sites were discovered and studied, including such reference sites as Bel´kachi I, Sumnagin I, Ust´-Timpton I, Talanda II, Ust´-Chirkuo I, Diring- Yuryakh, Mungkharyma I–II, and others. Fedoseeva made a special contribution to the study of the Ymyyakhtakh culture of the late Neolithic of Yakutia (III–II millennium BC), having carried out a detailed typology of stone, ceramic, and bone inventory. Today it is the most studied culture. Excavations of the Ymyyakhtakh burial ground Diring-Yuryakh in Central Yakutia allowed her to offer original conclusions about the existence of primitive atheism in the late Neolithic of Yakutia. In her latest writings, Fedoseeva spoke out against the modern division of the Late Neolithic of Yakutia into local variants, believing that there were no sufficient grounds for this so far. The organizational abilities of the researcher are also emphasized – since 1972, the small laboratory of archeology of the Institute of Language, Literature and Art of Yakutia, headed by her, was transformed by 2004 into an independent Center for Arctic Archeology and Human Paleoecology, now the Arctic Research Center of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). Fedoseeva did a great deal of work to include the archeological monuments of Yakutia in the republican list of cultural heritage sites, and today all of them are under state protection. For his work, S. A. Fedoseeva was awarded the high title of Honorary Citizen of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia).
Physiotherapy Students’ Perceptions of e-Practical Learning on Achieving Learning Outcomes – A Pandemic Perspective
Authors: Yan Chiew Si , Vasanthi Rajkumar Krishnan , Subramaniam Ambusam
Published: May 2022

The Movement Control Order (MCO) currently in effect in Malaysia was imposed in order to control the spread of the COVID-19 virus. This unfortunate circumstance has resulted in dramatic teaching and learning pedagogy shifts from traditional physical classes to online learning, including practical sessions. Therefore, this study aims to identify the Malaysian physiotherapy students' perceptions of e-practical education in achieving learning outcomes. In this cross-sectional study, 409 physiotherapy students from Malaysian universities participated voluntarily in the online Google Form survey, which was circulated through social media platforms from August 2021 to October 2021. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS version 26.0 software. The results of the study demonstrate that students preferred traditional classes in comparison to online practical sessions in achieving the learning outcome of practical skills (p<.0.000) and social competencies (p<.0.000). Moreover, their activity level was also higher in physical classes (p<0.000). In a comparison of online and traditional practical (face-to-face) classes, the majority of students voted gaining theoretical knowledge as neutral or slightly effective but slightly ineffective in improving practical skills. Students felt that more hands-on practice through face-to-face classes would enhance the attainment of the learning outcome. In future, therefore, educational institutions can consider introducing other forms of interactive online mediums to simulate physical classes.
Samhita Arni's Daring Debut
Authors: Hand Felicity
Published: May 2022

Indian writer Samhita Arni started writing and illustrating her first book when she was just eight years old.  The really outstanding feat of this child sensation is that Arni chose to rewrite the Mahabharata, one of the two Sanskrit epics of ancient India, a narrative poem composed around 400 years BCE and still a highly significant cultural icon in contemporary India.  Indian children are brought up on stories from the Mahabharata and the Ramayana from a very early age so the characters and their values become role models for boys and girls alike.  The Mahabharata – A Child’s View (published in 1996 when Arni was eleven) takes on a critical stance against one of the epic’s major themes: war and she seeks to give a voice to many of the underestimated characters, especially women and members of the lower classes.  
Arni’s naivety in embarking on such a momentous task as a contemporary rewriting of a classical work needs to be remarked on.  The Mahabharata is possibly the world’s longest known epic poem, one of its many versions consisting of well over 200,000 lines.  She has deliberately omitted certain episodes and daringly added new ones without deviating from the overall plot.  Her fearless feminist stance, striking for a girl of eleven, proves that valid contemporary readings of the classics indicate their timeless quality and the essential orality of these texts, without which they can too easily be fossilized and rendered irrelevant for modern times.   I conclude by suggesting that Arni’s debut novel is a challenging dialogue between ancient ideals  and twenty-first century social and political issues.
Efecto de la tasa de evapotranspiración en área foliar, potencial hídrico y rendimiento de maíz forrajero
Authors: Reyes-González Arturo , Zavala-Borrego Felipe , Alvarez-Reyna Vicente De Paul , Cano-Rios Pedro , Rodríguez-Moreno Víctor Manuel
Published: May 2022

Debido a la creciente demanda de agua dulce, es necesario mejorar la eficiencia en el uso del agua en la agricultura. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue determinar el efecto de diferentes láminas de riego sobre el índice de área foliar (IAF), temperatura foliar (Tf), potencial hídrico foliar (ψh) y rendimiento en maíz forrajero (Zea mays L.) bajo un sistema de riego por goteo. El estudio se llevó a cabo en el verano de 2019 en las instalaciones del Campo Experimental La Laguna en Matamoros, Coahuila, México. Se evaluaron tres niveles de evapotranspiración (ET) (60, 80 y 100%) y un tratamiento testigo (riego por inundación). Se utilizaron tres variedades de maíz tolerantes a la sequía y alto rendimiento. El diseño experimental utilizado fue bloques completos al azar con cuatro repeticiones, con arreglo de tratamientos en parcelas divididas. La parcela principal fueron los tratamientos de riego y la parcela secundaria las variedades de maíz. Las variables medidas fueron índice de área foliar (IAF), temperatura foliar (Tf), potencial hídrico foliar (ψh), rendimiento de forraje seco y eficiencia en el uso de agua. Los diferentes niveles de ET afectaron el IAF, ψh, Tf y rendimientos del cultivo, condicionando la producción de biomasa del cultivo. Los resultados indicaron que el volumen de agua aplicado en los tratamientos con riego por goteo subsuperficial fue 27 a 40% menor con respecto al riego por inundación. Se evaluó la eficiencia en el uso de agua, los mejores resultados se obtuvieron cuando el agua fue aplicada de acuerdo con la etapa fenológica del cultivo con el tratamiento de 100% de ET afectada por un coeficiente de cultivo (Kc).
Variabilidad inducida en caracteres morfológicos de Euphorbia fulgens Karw. ex Klotzsch
Authors: Pérez Nicolás Mónica , Colinas y León María Teresa , Alia Tejacal Iran , Rodríguez Barbecho Carlos , Peña Ortega Margarita Gisela , De La Cruz Torres Eulogio Cruz
Published: May 2022

Euphorbia fulgens es una especie ornamental que en México presenta poca variabilidad en el color de las flores, por lo que este trabajo tuvo como objetivo evaluar el efecto de radiación gamma 60Co en semillas y en caracteres morfológicos de plantas adultas, así como obtener mutantes de diferentes colores en las flores. Se colectaron semillas en comunidades de Oaxaca (M0), fueron irradiadas a nueve dosis (50, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, 450, 600, 750 Gy) y se establecieron bajo invernadero hasta la etapa adulta (M1) dando seguimiento hasta el desarrollo de su descendencia (M2). Se evaluó la emergencia, la sobrevivencia y 27 caracteres morfológicos que corresponden a estructuras vegetativas y reproductivas en ambas generaciones. El porcentaje de emergencia y el número de plantas que sobrevivieron disminuyó conforme aumentó la dosis de radiación. Dosis de radiación de 250 Gy o superiores provocaron que los porcentajes de germinación de las semillas fueran inferiores al 50%. Los tratamientos produjeron diferencias en las variables número de ramas con inflorescencias y color de apéndices petalíferos. La dosis de 300 Gy generó individuos ramificados y con diferente color de inflorescencias, aunque afectó la sobrevivencia. La distribución fenotípica en progenitores y descendientes fue similar presentando diferencias en número de cimas, número de ciatios y color de apéndices petalíferos. La irradiación es una técnica adecuada para generar variación en el color de las inflorescencias en esta especie.
Seguridad alimentaria y la agricultura familiar en México
Authors: Ramírez Juárez Javier
Published: May 2022

La seguridad alimentaria y el hambre, vinculadas a la pobreza rural, en México son de los mayores desafíos al comprender amplios sectores de la población, que se agudizan por la pandemia de la COVID-19. El objetivo del presente ensayo es analizar la seguridad alimentaria de la agricultura familiar y la pobreza rural en México. Se elaboró un marco analítico sistémico que consideró la crisis alimentaria, la seguridad alimentaria, la agricultura y la modalidad de desarrollo agrícola seguida por México. El abordaje de la agricultura familiar se realizó a través de la estratificación elaborada por SAGARPA y FAO, así como las condiciones de marginación y la pobreza por ingresos. De acuerdo con el análisis, con el modelo neoliberal, México especializó la producción agrícola hacia cultivos de exportación y crecimiento agrícola, producción que en los últimos años se incrementó, logrando una balanza agroalimentaria superavitaria, lo que supone disponibilidad de alimentos, pero no seguridad alimentaria para las personas en pobreza rural extrema. Se concluye que existe relación estrecha entre pobreza rural y seguridad alimentaria, esta última vinculada a la desigualdad social en la distribución del ingreso, entre otras desigualdades, que genera un círculo de bajos ingresos-pobreza-inseguridad alimentaria que se produce y reproduce socialmente en la agricultura familiar. El fortalecimiento de los activos, de la producción agroalimentaria y los ingresos en la agricultura familiar son fundamentales para la superación de la pobreza rural y la construcción de una sociedad más equitativa.
Análisis de la cadena de valor del mezcal en San Felipe, Guanajuato
Authors: Cervantes Luna Juan Oswaldo , Hernández Ortiz Juan , Valdivia Alcalá Ramón , Melo Guerrero Enrique , Sandoval Romero Fermín , González Juárez Araceli
Published: May 2022

El concepto de cadena de valor se ha desarrollado por la necesidad de que las empresas rurales cumplan con las exigencias de la demanda de productos especializados de alta calidad. La metodología de la cadena de valor nos permite realizar un diagnóstico de la situación actual. Posteriormente, podemos hacer un análisis de los actores que intervienen en ella y desarrollar estrategias que ayuden a la mejora de la actividad. En este trabajo de investigación se analiza la cadena de valor del mezcal de San Felipe, desde un punto de vista de los mismos productores para poder identificar los eslabones de la cadena de valor. La información se recabó mediante encuestas y entrevistas estructuradas. La información señala que la cadena de valor del mezcal en el municipio se encuentra en un nivel bajo de competitividad. Además, se encuentra desarticulada tanto en relaciones horizontales como en las relaciones verticales. Es recomendable un mayor compromiso por parte de los actores para poder fortalecer las relaciones entre los eslabones de la cadena, así como fomentar la capacitación y asistencia técnica en las distintas áreas de producción y hacer un llamado a las instituciones de investigación y enseñanza para la elaboración de estrategias de competitividad.
Tlaxcala, investigación en maíz nativo y mejorado: problemática, campos del conocimiento y nuevos retos
Authors: Vega Alvarez Isrrael , Flores Sánchez Diego , Escalona Maurice Miguel Jorge , Castillo González Fernando , Jiménez Velázquez Mercedes Aurelia
Published: May 2022

El maíz es el cultivo de mayor importancia económica, social, cultural y política en Tlaxcala, en el año 2019 fue sembrado 47.6% del área agrícola estatal. Sin embargo, la problemática relacionada a su producción, mejora y conservación es diversa, compleja y progresiva. En la actualidad el bienestar de la sociedad se asocia al valor que agregan los conocimientos científicos a productos y servicios, por ello el objetivo del ensayo fue cuantificar y contrastar algunos componentes de las investigaciones publicadas referentes a maíz del estado, para reconocer sus tendencias principales. La investigación documental se realizó por medio de metabuscadores, bases de datos bibliográficos, portales web de bibliotecas, así como en buscadores especializados de libros y revistas. Fueron registrados 242 documentos publicados de 1951 a 2020 con tendencia de aumento progresivo en el tiempo, de los que 78.5% son referentes a maíces nativos y 21.5% de materiales mejorados. Los campos de estudio de mayor concurrencia fueron tecnología, mejoramiento genético, antropología social y productividad, que representan 51.2% del total. En los 60 municipios del estado se ha realizado investigación, la mayoría en Huamantla, Españita, Ixtacuixtla e Ixtenco. Las instituciones que han participado son 42, la mayoría de los documentos fueron generados por COLPOS, INIFAP y BUAP. Al parecer las investigaciones publicadas no son suficientes para explicar todos los factores y dar solución a la problemática. Por ello es imperativo que investigadores formulen un plan dirigido a resultados concretos, que detonen cambios a favor de agricultores, población y medio ambiente.
Tabla de rendimiento de biomasa para Euphorbia antisyphilitica al norte de Zacatecas
Authors: González López Héctor Darío , Valencia Manzo Salvador , González Uribe Dino Ulises
Published: May 2022

La planta de candelilla es un recurso natural de importancia en las zonas áridas y semiáridas de México, aporta beneficios económicos marginales a los pobladores de los lugares donde crece en estado silvestre. La sobreexplotación y carencia de planes de manejo para su conservación motivaron a realizar esta investigación en 2019 y como objetivo, seleccionar un modelo para estimar el pv= peso verde (kg) o rendimiento de la planta al norte de Zacatecas. Se midieron las variables morfométricas; h= altura promedio de la planta (m); dma= diámetro aéreo mayor (m); dme= diámetro aéreo menor (m); coba= cobertura aérea (m2). El modelo seleccionado fue pv= -0.1882 + 3.7831 (dme); con coeficiente de determinación ajustado; R2aj= 0.9689; cuadrado medio del error; CME= 0.0371; coeficiente de variación; CV= 15.29% e información de Akaike; AIC= 0.7909, de esta forma fue posible la estimación de la tabla de rendimiento para la planta.
Valoración económica de la calidad del agua potable en León, Guanajuato
Authors: Valdivia Alcalá Ramón , Delgadillo Vázquez Marco Antonio , Sangerman-Jarquín Dora Ma. , Hernández Ortíz Juan , Sandoval Romero Fermín , Garay Jácome Ángeles Suhgey
Published: May 2022

El agua es un recurso natural sobre el que existe una gran presión y problemática en el mundo y en México. En el acuífero del Valle de León, Guanajuato, México, existe escasez, contaminación y sobredemanda por parte de la población del área metropolitana de la ciudad de León, una de las de más pobladas del país. Actualmente la ciudad se abastece principalmente de los acuíferos del Valle de León, con la esperanza de recibir agua de la presa del Zapotillo. El objetivo de la investigación fue estimar la disponibilidad a pagar por parte de los consumidores de agua potable por una mejor calidad del agua que consumen los habitantes, misma que entrega a los hogares el Sistema de Agua Potable y Alcantarillado de León. El método de valoración utilizado fue el de valoración contingente, que permite asignar un monto monetario tanto al valor económico de uso como al de no uso (valores de existencia y legado). Utilizando un modelo de utilidad aleatoria lineal y haciéndolo operativo a través del modelo de probabilidad de regresión logística, se estimó que la disponibilidad a pagar de los hogares de la ciudad es de $182.00 mensuales. Se concluye que el monto estimado anual de $1 034 millones representa el excedente del consumidor sobre cual se evaluaran los costos de construir nueva infraestructura, mejorar la existente e incorporar tecnologías por parte del organismo encargado del suministro de agua potable y del alcantarillado.
Soil Bunds Effect on Soil Properties under Different Topographies of Southwest Ethiopia
Authors: Goba Wondimu Bekele , Muluneh Alemayehu , Wolka Kebede
Published: May 2022

Soil erosion is a major environmental problem affecting development endeavors. Physical soil and water conservation (SWC) measures such as soil bunds are implemented to mitigate soil erosion. However, information on the effects of soil bunds on soil fertility is limited. This study aimed to evaluate soil quality in fields with soil bunds and with no soil bunds in steep, middle and lower sloping cultivated lands as well as spatial variation of soil properties in between bunds in southwest Ethiopia. About 7-15 years old bunds and nearby cultivated fields lacking bunds were assessed. From 0 cm-20 cm soil depth, 36 soil samples were collected. Soil texture, soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (Ntot) and exchangeable potassium (Kexch) were analyzed. Soil bunds showed significantly (p<0.0.5) greater clay but less sand than adjacent no-bund fields. In steep, middle, and lower slopes, concentrations of SOC and Kexch were greater in fields with soil bunds than without. Lower slope fields showed greater clay, SOC and nutrients than steep slopes. In between soil bunds, soil was more fertile at bunds than below the bunds. In Fanta watershed, soil bunds are a vital conservation measure to retain soil fertility in cultivated mountainous areas.
The Importance of Needs in Uses and Gratification Theory
Authors: Kasirye Faiswal
Published: May 2022

Coined
in the early 1940s by Katz and Blumler (1974), the uses and gratifications
theory deals with understanding why people use certain types of media, what
needs do they have to use them, and what gratifications do they get from using
them. Historically, the theory was first introduced to understand why people
chose to consume the various forms of media that were present at the time in
1940s.
Akulturasi Budaya Tionghoa dan Cirebon di Kesultanan Cirebon
Authors: Mai Nhat Chi
Published: May 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengungkap dan menganalisis aktivitas sosial-budaya, dan relasi sosial budaya, serta makna simbolik dan filosofis dari wujud budaya Tionghoa dan budaya Cirebon di Kesultanan Cirebon. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dan termasuk ke dalam jenis penelitian kepustakaan dan lapangan, sedangkan prosedur pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi, wawancara, dan pencatatan, serta dokumentasi. Sementara pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan historis, antropologis dan semiotik. Adapun sumber yang digunakan adalah sumber primer dan sekunder yang terdiri dari sumber tulisan berupa buku, artikel jurnal, dan arsip, serta sumber non-tulisan berupa hasil wawancara dan bukti arkeologis. Temuan penting penelitian ini, yaitu: Pertama, kontak sosial-budaya etnis Tionghoa dengan masyarakat Cirebon terjadi melalui tiga gelombang, yaitu dimulai sejak abad ke-15, yang ditandai dengan kedatangan Cheng Ho dan para pasukannya; Gelombang kedua terjadi pada akhir abad ke-15, yang ditandai dengan kedatangan Puteri Tiongkok bernama Ong Tien Nio dengan seluruh barang bawaannya; Gelombang ketiga terjadi di abad ke-18, ditandai dengan masuknya orang-orang Tionghoa sebagai orang-orang pelarian dari Batavia. Kedua, relasi sosial-budaya etnis Tionghoa dan masyarakat Cirebon yang kemudian menghasilkan akulturasi budaya. Budaya Cirebon dan budaya Tionghoa yang telah terakulturasi dalam perkembangannya sangat dipengaruhi oleh agama Islam. Ketiga, berbagai bukti arkeologis seperti Gapura Siti Inggil, Makam Astana Gunung Jati dan Guha Sunyaragi serta Kereta Kencana Singa Barong dan Batik, semuanya mendapat pengaruh dari Hindu, Tiongkok dan Belanda, serta memiliki makna simbolik dan filosofis yang berbeda-beda. Lewat arsitektur dan simbol-simbol yang ada menunjukkan betapa Kesultanan Cirebon sarat dengan nilai-nilai ketauhidan yang ditemukan pada dua puluh tiang Mande Malang Semirang. Kesultanan Cirebon sekalipun merupakan Kesultanan Islam, tetapi sangat inklusif terhadap dinamika masyarakat dan ragam budaya yang datang dari luar, serta berdiri di atas keberagaman budaya dan meletakkan penghormatan yang tinggi terhadap keyakinan orang lain. Hal tersebut mengakibatkan terjadinya akulturasi, khususnya antara kebudayaan Tionghoa dan budaya Cirebon di Kesultanan Cirebon. Dengan demikian, penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa budaya Tionghoa dan budaya Cirebon di Kesultanan Cirebon menyatu dalam bentuk akulturasi, bukan asimilasi ataupun difusi.
CONSUMER PROTECTION IN VIETNAM - AN ANALYSIS FROM LEGAL PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Mai Nhat Chi
Published: May 2022

Consumer protection has gained attention of Vietnamese lawmakers since the early stage of the emergence of the market economy in the country. In spite of the large number of laws and regulations on consumer protection, the violations are still on the rise. This raises questions about the effectiveness of the legal framework to protect consumers in Vietnam. To answer these, the article will examine and analyze the content and structure of the legal framework of consumer protection, the law enforcement mechanism and related factors in the country. Thereby, the article will suggest some recommendations to improve of the legal system of consumer protection in the country.
Strongly enhanced spectral broadening via self-phase modulation in silicon nitride waveguides integrated with graphene oxide 2D films
Authors: Moss David
Published: May 2022

We experimentally demonstrate enhanced self-phase modulation (SPM) in silicon nitride (Si3N4) waveguides integrated with 2D graphene oxide (GO) films. GO films are integrated onto Si3N4 waveguides using a solution-based, transfer-free coating method that enables precise control of the film thickness. Detailed SPM measurements are carried out using both picosecond and femtosecond optical pulses. Owing to the high Kerr nonlinearity of GO, the hybrid waveguides show significantly improved spectral broadening compared to the uncoated waveguide, achieving a broadening factor of up to ~3.4 for a device with 2 layers of GO. By fitting the experimental results with theory, we obtain an improvement in the waveguide nonlinear parameter by a factor of up to 18.4 and a Kerr coefficient (n2) of GO that is about 5 orders of magnitude higher than Si3N4. Finally, we provide a theoretical analysis for the influence of GO film length, coating position, and its saturable absorption on the SPM performance. These results verify the effectiveness of on-chip integrating 2D GO films to enhance the nonlinear optical performance of Si3N4 devices.
Living a queer life in Vietnam
Authors: Mai Nhat Chi
Published: May 2022

I offer my lived experiences as a boy and as a queer teacher who encountered oppression and discrimination against my non-normative gender identity contextualized by Vietnamese gender hegemonies, explored through personal, social, cultural, and religious lenses that include Confucianism and Buddhism. I treat this autoethnographic study (Jones et al., 2016) as a space of engagement, revisiting my memories of being a gay son in a heteronormative family in Vietnam, situating my experiences through the lens of queer theory, alongside my research in the field of gender and sexual minorities in global education.
Enhanced self-phase modulation of femtosecond optical pulses in silicon-on-insulator nanowires integrated with graphene oxide films
Authors: Moss David
Published: May 2022

We experimentally demonstrate enhanced spectral broadening of femtosecond optical pulses af-ter propagation through silicon-on-insulator (SOI) nanowire waveguides integrated with two-dimensional (2D) graphene oxide (GO) films. Owing to the strong mode overlap between the SOI nanowires and the GO films with a high Kerr nonlinearity, the self-phase modulation (SPM) process in the hybrid waveguides is significantly enhanced, resulting in greatly improved spectral broadening of the femtosecond optical pulses. A solution-based, transfer-free coating method is used to integrate GO films onto the SOI nanowires with precise control of the film thickness. Detailed SPM measurements using femtosecond optical pulses are carried out, achieving a broadening factor of up to ~4.3 for a device with 0.4-mm-long, 2 layers of GO. By fit-ting the experimental results with theory, we obtain an improvement in the waveguide nonlin-ear parameter by a factor of ~3.5 and the effective nonlinear figure of merit (FOM) by a factor of ~3.8, relative to the uncoated waveguide. Finally, we discuss the influence of GO film length on the spectral broadening and compare the nonlinear optical performance of different integrated waveguides coated with GO films. These results confirm the improved nonlinear optical per-formance for silicon devices integrated with 2D GO films.
How does Hands-On Making Attitude Predict Epistemic Curiosity and STEM Career Interests? Evidence from an International Exhibition of Young Inventors
Authors: Mai Nhat Chi
Published: May 2022

Whether the hands-on experience of creating inventions can promote students’ interest in pursuing a STEM (science, technology, engineering, and mathematics) career has not been extensively studied. In a quantitative study, we drew on the attitude-behavior-outcome framework to explore the correlates between hands-on making attitude, epistemic curiosities, and career interest. This study targeted students who joined the selection competition for participating in the International Exhibition of Young Inventors (IEYI) in Taiwan. The objective of the invention exhibition is to encourage young students to make innovative projects by applying STEM knowledge and collaborative design. We collected 220 valid data from participants in the 2021 Taiwan IEYI selection competition and conducted a confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling to test the hypotheses. Results indicated that: (1) hands-on making attitude was positively related to two types of epistemic curiosity; (2) interest-type epistemic curiosity (IEC) and deprivation-type epistemic curiosity (DEC) were positively associated with STEM career interest; additionally, DEC had a higher coefficient on STEM career interest than IEC; (3) Both types of EC had a mediating role between hands-on making attitude and STEM career interest. It is expected that encouraging students to participate in invention exhibition competitions can raise both types of EC and increase their interest in pursuing STEM careers.
Introduction: Frontiers in Flux
Authors: Mai Nhat Chi
Published: May 2022

The market is not guided by an invisible hand. It stems from tangled networks that bind the past with the present, human with nonhuman actors, and local with global processes. Like a rhizomic plant whose underground shoots constantly seek new terrain, these exchange networks continually expand, take root, and rupture to rework frontier lives and landscapes. This book explores these historical, social, and material relationships along the Cambodia-Vietnam border. It reveals the workings of these commodity networks and how they merge to drive frontier transformation.