bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of a Web-Based Application to Monitor Health-Related Quality of Life
Authors: Haverman Lotte , van Rossum Marion A.J. , van Veenendaal Mira , van den Berg J. Merlijn , Dolman Koert M. , Swart Joost , Kuijpers Taco W. , Grootenhuis Martha A.
Published: January 2013

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:

Monitoring health-related quality of life (HRQoL) by using electronic patient-reported outcomes (ePROs) has been only minimally evaluated in pediatrics. Children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) are at risk for HRQoL problems. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of ePROs in clinical pediatric rheumatology care.

METHODS:

All children (aged 0–18 years) with JIA visiting any of the 4 pediatric rheumatology clinics in Amsterdam between February 2009 and February 2010 were eligible for this sequential cohort intervention study. Before an outpatient consultation, children (aged 8–18 years) or parents (of children aged 0–7 years) completed web-based questionnaires. The resulting ePROfile was provided to the pediatric rheumatologist (PR). The study was divided into a control period in which the ePROfile was not discussed during consultation, and an intervention period in which the ePROfile was provided and discussed during consultation. Effectiveness was evaluated in terms of communication about different HRQoL topics, referral to a psychologist, and satisfaction with the consultations.

RESULTS:

Out of the eligible JIA patients, 176 (65%) participated in the study. Use of the ePROfile increased discussion of psychosocial topics (P < .01), as well as the PR’s satisfaction with provided care during consultation (P < .01). The use of ePROfiles did not affect referrals to a psychologist or parental satisfaction. Parents and PRs evaluated the use of the ePROfile as positive in 80% to 100% of the consultations.

CONCLUSIONS:

Our web-based application to systemically monitor HRQoL problems in pediatric rheumatology contributed significantly to communication about psychosocial issues in a positive way. We recommend implementation of ePROs in pediatric clinical practice.
Characterizing the effect of substrate stiffness on neural stem cell differentiation
Authors: Curley Colleen T. , Fanale Kristen , Jedlicka Sabrina S.
Published: January 2013

Differentiated neurons (dorsal root ganglia and cortical neurons) have been shown to develop longer neurite extensions on softer materials than stiffer ones, but previous studies do not address the ability of neural stem cells to undergo differentiation as a result of material elasticity. In this study, we investigate neuronal differentiation of C17.2 neural stem cells due to growth on polyacrylamide gels of variable elastic moduli. Neurite growth, synapse formation, and mode of division (asymmetric vs. symmetric) were all assessed to characterize differentiation. C17.2 neural stem cells were seeded onto polyacrylamide gels coated with Type I collagen. The cells were then serum starved over a 14 day period, fixed, and analyzed for biochemical markers of differentiation. For division studies, time-lapse imaging of cells on various substrates was performed during serum withdrawal using the Nikon Biostation. Division events were analyzed using ImageJ to quantify sizes of resulting daughter. Data shows that C17.2 cell differentiation (as dictated by number and type of division events) is dependent upon substrate stiffness, with softer polyacrylamide surfaces (140 Pa) leading to increased populations of neurons and increased neurite length. Our data also indicates that the ability of neural stem cells to express synaptic proteins and develop synapses is dependent upon material elasticity.
In situ SEM Observations of the Tensile-Creep Deformation Behavior and Fracture Mechanisms of a γ-TiAl Intermetallic Alloy at Low and High Stresses.
Authors: Muñoz-Moreno R. , Pérez-Prado M. T. , Ruiz-Navas E.M. , Boehlert C. J. , Llorca J.
Published: January 2013

The effect of stress on the deformation and crack nucleation and propagation mechanisms of a γ-TiAl intermetallic alloy (Ti-45Al-2Nb-2Mn (at.%) - 0.8v.%TiB2) was studied by means of in situ tensile (constant strain rate) and tensile-creep (constant load) experiments performed at 973 K inside a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The evolution of the microstructure and the nucleation and propagation of cracks was tracked during the high temperature mechanical tests in the SEM. Colony boundary crack nucleation was found to be activated during the secondary stage in creep tests at 300 MPa and 400 MPa and during the tertiary stage of the creep tests performed at higher stresses and at constant strain rate. Interlamellar ledges were only observed during the high stress tensile-creep tests (σ>400 MPa) and during the constant strain rate test. Quantitative measurements of the nature of the crack propagation path along secondary cracks and along the primary crack were carried out. It was found that colony boundaries were preferential sites for crack propagation under all the conditions investigated. The frequency of interlamellar cracking increased with increasing stress.
Comparing CPTU Q–F and Q–Δu2/σv0′soil classification charts
Authors: Schneider J. A. , Hotstream J. N. , Mayne P. W. , Randolph M. F.
Published: January 2013

This paper extends a framework for classifying soil using normalised cone resistance (qt) and porewater pressure (u2) data from piezocone tests (CPTU) to include the friction ratio. Analytical predictions of normalised cone tip resistance ([Formula: see text]) and friction ratio (F  =  fs/qn) for a range of overconsolidation ratios are compared to databases of piezocone measurements during undrained penetration at clay sites, as well as to data from sands, silts and mixed soil types having partial to full drainage. Aspects of soil behaviour that result in data plotting in different zones of the complementary charts are discussed. It is concluded that Q–F classification charts are useful in the absence of high-quality pore pressure data. However, when attempting to separate the effects of yield stress ratio from partial consolidation during penetration in soils that may have some degree of sensitivity, structure or cementation, additional site-specific calibration may be required.
Influence of initial dry density on soil-water characteristics of two compacted soils
Authors: Mirzaii A. , Yasrobi S. S.
Published: January 2013

This article presents the results of a laboratory test programme on two different soils, conducted to examine the influence of the initial dry density on the soil-water characteristic curve elements along drying and wetting paths. Particular attention was paid to determine the contributions of the initial compaction effort to the rates of saturation and desaturation, size of hydraulic hysteresis, air entry and air expulsion values. Drying and wetting tests were performed on samples compacted to different dry densities with identical water contents. The general patterns observed are discussed and compared in relation to some available data from the literature in order to determine the applicability of the detected trends to other soils. Additionally, it is shown that the horizontal separation of the air entry and air expulsion values could be a suitable method for estimating the size of hydraulic hysteresis.
Fire regime zonation under current and future climate over eastern Canada
Authors: Boulanger Yan , Gauthier Sylvie , Gray David R. , Le Goff Héloïse , Lefort Patrick , Morissette Jacques
Published: January 2013

Fire is a major disturbance in Canadian forests. Along with fuel and ignition characteristics, climatic conditions are seen as one of the main drivers of fire regimes. Projected changes in climate are expected to significantly influence fire regimes in Canada. As fire regime greatly shapes large‐scale patterns in biodiversity, carbon, and vegetation, as well as forest and fire management strategies, it becomes necessary to define regions where current and future fire regimes are homogeneous. Random Forests (RF) modeling was used to relate fire regime attributes prevailing between 1961 and 1990 in eastern Canada with climatic/fire‐weather and environmental variables. Using climatic normals outputs from the Canadian Regional Climate Model (CRCM), we delineated current (1961–1990) and future (2011–2040, 2040–2070, 2071–2100) homogeneous fire regime (HFR) zones. Heterogeneous response of fire regime to climate changes is projected for eastern Canada with some areas (e.g., western Quebec) experiencing very small alterations while others (e.g., southeastern Ontario) are facing great shifts. Overall, models predicted a 2.2‐ and 2.4‐fold increase in the number of fires and the annual area burned respectively mostly as a result of an increase in extreme fire‐weather normals and mean drought code. As extreme fire danger would occur later in the fire season on average, the fire season would shift slightly later (5–20 days) in the summer for much of the study area while remaining relatively stable elsewhere. Although fire regime values would change significantly over time, most zone boundaries would remain relatively stable. The information resulting from HFR zonations is clearly of interest for forest and fire management agencies as it reveals zones with peculiar fire regimes that would have been hidden otherwise using predefined administrative or ecological stratifications.
Intraseasonal Changes in Switchgrass Nitrogen Distribution Compared with Corn
Authors: Wilson Danielle M. , Heaton Emily A. , Liebman Matt , Moore Kenneth J.
Published: January 2013

Incorporating perennial, bioenergy crops like switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) into agricultural landscapes can provide harvestable biomass while improving ecosystem functions, but clear plant N management recommendations for switchgrass remain elusive. Delaying harvest until spring can reduce plant N concentration ([N]) but also harvestable yield, creating a tradeoff between feedstock quality and quantity. This study investigated internal changes in the temporal and spatial distribution of N in switchgrass tissues. Above‐ and belowground switchgrass biomass was harvested at five dates annually from field plots in central Iowa for 2 yr. The [N] of aboveground tissues decreased during the growing season, with no further change over winter. The [N] of belowground biomass tissues found within the upper strata (0–45 cm) of the soil profile increased significantly from July to October (P = 0.0050), suggesting seasonal N translocation. Plots harvested at peak biomass, before senescence, yielded significantly less the following season (P < 0.0001), suggesting that this harvest strategy would not be sustainable in the long term. Although delaying harvest to after frost reduced the harvested biomass, less N was removed with the harvest, more was stored in belowground tissues, and yields were more similar between years. A postfrost switchgrass harvest would remove much less N during a 2‐yr period compared with continuous corn (Zea mays L.) with 50% stover removal (57.7 vs. 432.2 kg N ha−1). Results provide values of N stocks and fluxes in switchgrass tissues, showing the tradeoffs between feedstock quality and quantity.
Potassium Rate and Application Effect on Flue‐Cured Tobacco
Authors: Vann Matthew C. , Fisher Loren R. , Jordan David L. , Smith W. David , Hardy David H. , Stewart Alexander M.
Published: January 2013

Research was conducted at two locations in 2009 and 2010 to evaluate the effect of various K rates and application methods on the yield and quality of flue‐cured tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.). Treatments included five rates of K from sulfate of potash magnesia (0–0–22): 0, 84, 140, 196, and 252 kg K2O ha−1 that were applied: broadcast 1 mo before transplanting, broadcast 1 wk before transplanting, banded at transplanting, and a split application with one‐half rate banded at transplanting followed by one‐half rate banded at layby. Tissue samples were collected throughout the season at three separate growth stages: layby, topping, and after curing. Tissue samples were analyzed for total alkaloid and reducing sugars, N, P, K, and Mg content. Soil samples were collected the same day as K fertilizer application from plots not receiving supplemental K. Data were subjected to ANOVA using the PROC GLM procedure in SAS. Treatment means were separated using Fisher’s Protected LSD test at p ≤ 0.05. Application method and timing had no effect on any measured parameters; furthermore, crop yield and quality was not affected by K rates >0 kg K2O ha−1 at three of four locations. It is likely that early broadcast applications of K2O with current rate recommendations would only be of concern with combinations of conditions that included coarse soil textures, low K indices, and/or excessive leaching rainfall.
Halophytes relations to soil ionic composition
Authors: Milic Dubravka , Lukovic Jadranka , Zoric Lana , Vasin Jovica , Ninkov Jordana , Zeremski Tijana , Milic Stanko
Published: January 2013

The concentration of Na+, K+, Ca2+ and Mg2+ in the root and aboveground
organs of three halophyte species (Salicornia europaea, Suaeda maritima and
Salsola soda) as well as in the soil where they grew from maritime and inland
saline areas were investigated. The aim of our research was to evaluate the
capability of some halophyte species to absorb different cations and to find
if there exists differentiation of salt accumulation between populations from
inland and maritime saline areas. In five analyzed localities (Tivatska
solila, Ulcinj salina, Slano Kopovo, Melenci, Okanj), external Na+
concentrations exceeded other investigated cations. Our investigated
halophytes accumulate more Na+ than the Mg2+, Ca2+ and K+ and more cations
were recorded in aboveground organs than in the root. Populations from
maritime saline area generally had higher cation concentrations than plants
from inland saline area.
Plant molecular farming: Opportunities and challenges
Authors: Valkova Rumyana , Apostolova Elena , Naimov Samir
Published: January 2013

The modern human life is impossible without products derived from the
classical, contemporary biotechnology. However, large scale production of
biotechnology wares opens a discussion about the economic impact, waste
management, biosafety, and bioethical issues. Plant molecular farming offers
a relatively inexpensive option for yielding of many valuable products and
demonstrates number of advantages over the classical technologies, but also
brings the question of further development perspectives, hazard
identification and risk assessment. This review is focused on those two
questions: opportunities offered and challenges faced by modern plant
molecular farming systems.
Electrodeposition and characterization of Ni-MoO2 composite coatings as cathodes for the hydrogen evolution reaction in alkaline solution
Authors: Lacnjevac Uros
Published: January 2013

Composite Ni-MoO2 coatings were prepared and characterized with respect to
their possible application as electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution
reaction (HER) in alkaline solution. The composites were electrodeposited
onto Ni meshes from an ammonium chloride Ni solution with suspended MoO2
particles in simulated industrial conditions for production of commercial
cathodes. The influence of the concentration of MoO2 particles in the
solution and deposition current density on the morphology, chemical and phase
composition of obtained coatings was investigated by scanning electron
microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray
diffraction (XRD). Catalytic activity for the HER of the coatings was
examined by polarization measurements in a 32 wt. % NaOH solution at 90?C and
compared to the activity of the commercial De Nora?s cathode (DN). It was
shown that the most active Ni-MoO2 coating exhibits better polarization
characteristics for the HER than the DN cathode. The mechanism of the HER on
the specified Ni-MoO2 coating was investigated in 8 mol dm-3 NaOH at 30?C by
means of steady-state polarization measurements and an electrochemical
impedance spectroscopy (EIS) method. Based on the theoretical interpretation
of the experimental data, rate constants of the three individual steps of the
HER were determined and the source of catalytic activity of the coating was
elucidated.
Does Full Day Kindergarten Help Kids?
Authors: Warburton William P. , Warburton Rebecca N. , Hertzman Clyde
Published: January 2013

Full day kindergarten (FDK) is expanding across North America, but program impacts remain poorly understood. Using administrative data, this paper reports impacts from a targeted program in British Columbia for Aboriginal and English as a Second Language (ESL) students. Staged implementation of FDK created natural controls, allowing unbiased two-stage least squares (instrumental variables) estimates of program impacts. We find that the targeted FDK program increased grade 4 educational attainment, producing statistically and socially significant impacts. Further research, longer follow-up, and rigorous methods are needed to guide FDK policy for the general student population.
Sovereign Citizens and Constrained Consumers: Why Sustainability Requires Limits on Choice
Authors: Menzel Susanne , Green Tom L.
Published: January 2013

There is resistance to policies that would reduce overall consumption levels to promote sustainability. In part, this resistance is aided by the economic concept of consumer sovereignty (CS) and its presumption that choice promotes wellbeing. We investigate the concept of consumer sovereignty in the context of deepening concerns about sustainability and scrutinise whether the two concepts are compatible. We draw on new findings in psychology on human decision-making traits; we take into account increasing awareness about human dependencies on ‘functioning’ ecosystems and uncertainties on how ecosystems, human activities and human wellbeing are interlinked. We conclude that commitment to the concept of consumer sovereignty is incompatible with sustainability due to human characteristics, the difficult-to-predict behaviour of ecological systems and ignorance about the impact of human action on natural systems. We propose that the choice-set of available goods and services on markets should be constrained when consumption patterns can be linked to degradation of services provided by nature when those services are seen as crucial for human wellbeing. We advocate constraining the available choice-set through established governmental institutions aided by deliberative processes that engage members of the general public. Finally, we acknowledge that such processes are imperfect; nevertheless, we foresee that they will be essential for fostering wise decision-making and moving towards sustainability.
Public Health in South East Asia: Current realities and future directions
Authors: Majumder Md Anwarul Azim
Published: January 2013

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/seajph.v1i1.13205South East Asia Journal of Public Health 2011:1(1) 1-3
Do parents and adolescents talk about reproductive health? Myanmar adolescents' perspective
Authors: Oo Yin Thet Nu , Zaw Ko Ko , Than Kyu Kyu , Mg The Mg , Mar Kyi Kyi , Aye San San
Published: January 2013

Adolescence is a transitional period and an important stage in an individual's life. Adolescents are at risk of adverse reproductive health outcomes such as unplanned or unwanted pregnancy, unsafe abortions, maternal health complications, and sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) including HIV/AIDS. Previous studies indicate that adolescents whose parents talk to them about sex tend to be less sexually active and more likely to use an effective means of contraception. The objective of the study was to find out the level and content of communication between adolescents and their parents. Ease of communication, future intentions to discuss with parents and confidence in parents' knowledge of reproductive health were also examined. A cross sectional descriptive study using structured questionnaire was conducted among 91 adolescents (11-19 years old) in North Okkalapa Township of Yangon Division, Myanmar. The majority of the people there had little knowledge on pubertal changes and STDs, and moderate knowledge on contraception. Sixty three percent of adolescents communicated at least once with their parents on reproductive health within the last 6 months: 6.8% with fathers and 62.6% with mothers. Only 15.4% talked more than three times. Girls were more likely to communicate with mothers than boys (79% vs. 33%, P<0.001). The main topic of discussion among mother and girls is menstruation, and among mothers and boys, HIV/AIDS/STDs are mainly discussed. Regarding the ease of communication, only 15% felt comfortable talking with parents. Most of the adolescents (89%) had positive attitude towards communicating with their parents. The findings suggest the need to involve parents in existing adolescent reproductive health programs and design interventions focusing on parents to promote parent-adolescent communication. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/seajph.v1i1.13219 South East Asia Journal of Public Health 2011:1:40-45
Synchronous transnational collaborative learning: An interesting model of education to learn medicine in global perspectives
Authors: Salam Abdus , Ghafar Adibah Abdul , Latif Hasniah Abd , Siraj Harlina Halizah , Mahdy Zaleha Abdullah , Zakaria Syed Zulkifli Syed , Mohamad Nabishah , Ali Raymond Azman
Published: January 2013

There is a significant gap between teaching and use of interesting technological resources by most of the faculties in medical schools around the globe. The objective of this paper is to highlight a Malaysian medical schools experience on the use of a Synchronous Transnational Collaborative Learning (STCL) methodology using MedEdWorld  a technological resource of medical education, based at Dundee University, UK. A cross sectional study was carried out on 11 year-4 students and one facilitator of University Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) Medical Centre who participated in MedEdWorlds STCL topic Yellow Newborn Infant: Normal or abnormal, that is the question held on 24 March 2010 at 0800 hrs GMT. Other participating institutions were from Romania, Finland, Taiwan and Great Britain. The topic was delivered by a consultant from Dundee University, which lasted for one hour. At the end of the STCL presentation, a questionnaire was administered to all of the UKM Medical Centres participants to investigate their experience. The participants experiences were very positive and they loved it. The STCL was an interesting way to learn medicine in global perspectives, live and in the virtual presence of those from other international institutions. Medical schools should be promising to adopt STCL in order to promote medical education in an interesting way. This paper offers other medical schools, especially of the South East Asian Region, a window to promote further development of medical education and practice. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/seajph.v1i1.13222 South East Asia Journal of Public Health 2011:1:59-63
Nanocrystalline Akaganeite as Adsorbent for Surfactant Removal from Aqueous Solutions
Authors: Kyzas George , Peleka Efrosyni , Deliyanni Eleni
Published: January 2013

The present study presents the effective use of nanocrystalline akaganeite for the adsorption of an anionic (SDS), a cationic (CTAB), and a nonionic (tween80) surfactant from wastewater. Equilibrium experiments, as well as thermodynamic analysis, were performed. The maximum SDS adsorption occurs at the lowest pH value (5), the opposite is observed for CTAB (pH = 11), while for tween80, the change of pH value did not affect the adsorption. The equilibrium data could be described by Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms. The maximum adsorption capacity at 25 °C (pH = 8) was 823.96 mg/g for SDS, 1007.93 mg/g for CTAB, and 699.03 mg/g for tween80. The thermodynamic parameters revealed the exothermic and spontaneity nature of the process. Also, FTIR measurements established that surfactants are adsorbed on the surface of akaganeite, replacing adsorbed water.
Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Improve Stroke Outcome and Reduce Secondary Degeneration in the Recipient Brain
Authors: Polentes Jérôme , Jendelova Pavla , Cailleret Michel , Braun Holger , Romanyuk Nataliya , Tropel Philippe , Brenot Marion , Itier Valerie , Seminatore Christine , Baldauf Kathrin , Turnovcova Karolina , Jirak Daniel , Teletin Marius , Côme Julien , Tournois Johana , Reymann Klaus , Sykova Eva , Viville Stéphane , Onteniente Brigitte
Published: January 2013

Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) are a most appealing source for cell replacement therapy in acute brain lesions. We evaluated the potential of hiPSC therapy in stroke by transplanting hiPSC-derived neural progenitor cells (NPCs) into the postischemic striatum. Grafts received host tyrosine hydroxylase-positive afferents and contained developing interneurons and homotopic GABAergic medium spiny neurons that, with time, sent axons to the host substantia nigra. Grafting reversed stroke-induced somatosensory and motor deficits. Grafting also protected the host substantia nigra from the atrophy that follows disruption of reciprocal striatonigral connections. Graft innervation by tyrosine hydoxylase fibers, substantia nigra protection, and somatosensory functional recovery were early events, temporally dissociated from the slow maturation of GABAergic neurons in the grafts and innervation of substantia nigra. This suggests that grafted hiPSC-NPCs initially exert trophic effects on host brain structures, which precede integration and potential pathway reconstruction. We believe that transplantation of NPCs derived from hiPSCs can provide useful interventions to limit the functional consequences of stroke through both neuroprotective effects and reconstruction of impaired pathways.
Neural Progenitor Cells Generate Motoneuron-Like Cells to Form Functional Connections with Target Muscles after Transplantation into the Musculocutaneous Nerve
Authors: Su Huanxing , Zhang Wenming , Yang Xiaoying , Qin Dajiang , Sang Yanhua , Wu Chaoyang , Wong Wai-Man , Yuan Qiuju , So Kwok-Fai , Wu Wutian
Published: January 2013

Neural progenitor cells (NPCs) are suggested to be a valuable source of cell transplant in treatment of various neurological diseases because of their distinct attributes. They can be expanded and induced to differentiate in vitro. However, it remains uncertain whether in vitro expanded NPCs have the capacity to give rise to functional motoneurons after transplantation in vivo. Here, we showed that in vitro expanded NPCs, when transplanted into the musculocutaneous nerve, generated motoneuron-like cells that exhibited typical morphology with large cell bodies, expressed specific molecules, and extended axons to form functional connections with the target muscle. In contrast, transplanted NPCs failed to yield motoneurons in the injured ventral horn of the spinal cord. The results of the study demonstrate that NPCs have the potential to generate functional motoneurons in an appropriate environment. The distinct differentiating fate of NPCs in the musculocutaneous nerve and the injured ventral horn suggests the importance and necessity of modifying the host microenvironment in use of NPCs for cell replacement therapies for motoneuron diseases.
AG490 Improves the Survival of Human Myoblasts in Vitro and in Vivo
Authors: Gérard Catherine , Dufour Christine , Goudenege Sébastien , Skuk Daniel , Tremblay Jacques P.
Published: January 2013

Cell therapies consist in transplanting healthy cells into a disabled tissue with the goal to repopulate it and restore its function at least partially. In muscular diseases, most of the time, myoblasts are chosen for their expansion capacity in culture. Nevertheless, cell transplantation has limitations, among them, death of the transplanted cells, during the days following the graft. One possibility to counteract this problem is to enhance the proliferation of the transplanted myoblasts before their fusion with the existing muscle fibers. AG490 is a specific inhibitor of janus tyrosine kinase 2 (JAK2). The hypothesis is to block myoblast differentiation with AG490, thus permitting their proliferation. The inhibition of myoblast fusion by AG490 was confirmed in this study by gene expression and with a myosin heavy chain staining (MyHC). Moreover, cell survival was estimated by flow cytometry. AG490 was found to protect myoblasts in vitro from apoptosis induced by H2O2or by preventing attachment of cells to their substrate. Finally, in an in vivo model of muscle regeneration, when AG490 was coinjected with the myoblasts their survival was increased by 45% at 5 days after their transplantation.
Calculation of the effect of tip geometry on noncontact atomic force microscopy using a qPlus sensor
Authors: Stirling Julian , Shaw Gordon A
Published: January 2013

In qPlus atomic force microscopy the tip length can in principle approach the length of the cantilever. We present a detailed mathematical model of the effects this has on the dynamic properties of the qPlus sensor. The resulting, experimentally confirmed motion of the tip apex is shown to have a large lateral component, raising interesting questions for both calibration and force-spectroscopy measurements.
ANALYSIS OF EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH ON CYCLONES WITH CYLINDRICAL AND SPIRAL SHELLS / CIKLONŲ SU CILINDRINIU IR SPIRALINIU KORPUSAIS EKSPERIMENTINIŲ TYRIMŲ ANALIZĖ
Authors: Chlebnikovas Aleksandras , Baltrėnas Pranas
Published: January 2013

The conducted investigation is aimed at providing information on air flow parameters in the cylindrical and spiral shell (devices are designed for separating solid particles from air flow having tangent flow inlet). Experimental research has employed multi-cyclones created by the Department of Environmental Protection at Vilnius Gediminas Technical University. The study is focused on investigating and comparing the distribution of the dynamic pressure of the airflow in six-channel cyclones inside the structures of devices. The paper establishes and estimates the efficiency of air cleaning changing air phase parameters using different particulate matters. The efficiency of the cyclone has been defined applying the weighted method based on LAND 28-98/M-08 methodology. The article presents the results of experimental research on the air cleaning efficiency of cylindrical and spiral shells using 20 µm glass and clay particulate matter under the initial concentration that may vary from 500 mg/m3 to 15 g/m3 using semi-rings with windows at different positions. The obtained results has shown that the maximum efficiency of the cylindrical shell increases up to 87,3 % while the initial concentration of glass makes 15 g/m3.

Santrauka

Nagrinėjami ir tarpusavyje lyginami oro srauto parametrai, jų kitimas ir valymo efektyvumas cilindriniame ir spiraliniame ciklone (įrenginiai skirti kietųjų dalelių iš oro srauto su tangentinio srauto įtekėjimu atskyrimui). Eksperimentinių tyrimų metu naudojami daugiakanaliai ciklonai, sukurti Vilniaus Gedimino technikos universiteto Aplinkos apsaugos katedroje. Tyrimais buvo siekiama išanalizuoti ir palyginti kanalinių ciklonų oro srauto dinaminių slėgių pasiskirstymą įrenginių konstrukcijos viduje, nustatyti ir palyginti oro valymo efektyvumą, kintant oro fazės parametrams, panaudojant skirtingas kietąsias daleles. Ciklonų efektyvumai nustatyti svoriniu metodu, remiantis LAND 28-98/M-08 metodika. Pateikiami cilindrinio ir spiralinio korpusų ciklonų stiklo ir molio 20 µm kietųjų dalelių atskyrimo tyrimų rezultatai, esant įleidžiamai užteršto oro koncentracijai 500 mg/m3 – 15 g/m3, keičiant skirtingos geometrijos kreivalinijinius pusžiedžius. Nustatyta, kad efektyviausiai atskiriamos yra kietosios stiklo dalelės, esant 15 g/m3 pradinei koncentracijai, maksimalus efektyvumas nustatytas cilindriniame ciklone, jis siekia 87,3 %.
Pour une psychologie théorique
Authors: Stam Henderikus J.
Published: January 2013

Résumé Le fait de parler d’une « psychologie théorique » peut être considéré comme une étrangeté en psychologie, puisque la discipline a toujours soutenu la place de la théorie. Mais à condition que la notion de « théorie » renvoie à une conception néo-behavioriste, cognitiviste, empiriste et fonctionnaliste. Dans ce courant d’idées, la théorie est importante pour décrire les relations entre des entités statistiques et fonctionnelles, mais elle évite de s’engager sur les processus qui peuvent être concrets, d’une part, ou explicitement expérientiels, d’autre part. Les propriétés phénoménales et concrètes sont habituellement « oubliées de l’étude » et repoussées dans l’arrière boutique, par une référence au sens commun implicite des termes utilisés pour construire la théorie elle même. En mettant en question ce consensus, mon propos n’est pas de questionner le manque d’unité de la psychologie, mais, au contraire, d’interroger son unification implicite sous un cadre de référence méthodologique et fonctionnel que j’appelle « le grand consensus ». Je soutiens qu’il existe un ensemble d’alternatives latentes au sein de la discipline qui peuvent renouveler la théorie en psychologie, particulièrement celles qui remettent en question, explicitement, les propriétés instrumentales au regard des propriétés linguistiques, ou bien celles fondées sur les propriétés phénoménales. Ce faisant, ces alternatives peuvent également traiter des revendications d’une science morale dont le consensus behavioriste est incapable de rendre compte.
Engagement de groupe, transformation des représentations sociales et modifications comportementales
Authors: Renard Élise , Roussiau Nicolas , Fleury-Bahi Ghozlane
Published: January 2013

Résumé Dans cette recherche, on s’intéresse à la modification d’une représentation sociale et à l’émission d’un comportement. Dans une première condition, les groupes sont composés de personnes « familières », dans la seconde condition, elles ne se connaissent pas. De plus, chaque groupe est divisé en deux sous-groupes, selon qu’il y a ou non signature d’un document. Il est, ensuite, demandé, aux étudiants, de participer à la mise en place d’une campagne de promotion et de valorisation des études. Les résultats montrent des modifications importantes, au niveau des éléments de la représentation sociale, ainsi qu’une acceptation plus importante du comportement demandé par l’expérimentateur, pour les sujets engagés et familiers.
Raison et politique : Jean-Pierre Vernant et la polis Grecque
Authors: El Murr Dimitri
Published: January 2013

Même si bon nombre de ses travaux ont porté sur l’interprétation des mythes grecs fondateurs, Vernant a consacré la première partie de sa carrière à l’étude de la naissance de la polis et de la démocratie grecques. Contre l’idée d’un surgissement miraculeux de la Raison en Ionie au VI e siècle avant notre ère, Vernant a montré ce que la conception grecque de la rationalité hérite du monde homérique mais surtout ce qu’elle doit aux structures sociales et politiques de la polis démocratique. Mais les travaux de Vernant font plus qu’établir l’acte de naissance d’une forme particulière de rationalité « fille de la cité » : ils touchent au cœur du problème plus général des rapports entre raison et démocratie.
De l'existence d'un champ politique local
Authors: Koebel Michel
Published: January 2013

La politique volontariste de décentralisation de l’État a modifié le paysage local français : les collectivités territoriales ont gagné en autonomie, elles revendiquent des spécificités culturelles et affirment de plus en plus leur « identité locale » à coups de campagnes de communication. La structure politique de la France s’est-elle cependant réellement transformée ? Ces espaces sont-ils devenus suffisamment autonomes et centrés autour d’enjeux suffisamment spécifiques pour que l’on puisse parler d’émergence d’un « champ politique local » ?
La démocratie locale à l'épreuve de l'écologie politique
Authors: Bertrand Aliénor
Published: January 2013

Cet article a pour but d’expliquer en quoi l’urgence écologique nous impose de repenser le rapport de la démocratie aux territoires. Nos institutions politiques (internationales, nationales, locales) ne se montrent pas capables de faire face aux crises écologiques actuelles (climat, eau, biodiversité, approvisionnement énergétique). Or la solution n’est pas de valoriser l’échelon local au détriment du global en reconduisant les topoi philosophiques vantant les petites républiques ou promouvant la participation, mais de prendre les décisions adéquates à l’échelle pertinente. La capacité d’ajustement spatiale et temporelle de la démocratie pourrait définir le principe de nouvelles institutions.
L'action historique chez Hegel et Marx : de l'esprit aux masses
Authors: Touati Mohamed Fayçal
Published: January 2013

Contre les lectures qui visent à minimiser chez Hegel et Marx le rôle des actions individuelles, on tentera de montrer que les formulations hégélienne et marxienne du principe de faisabilité mettent au contraire cet agir au premier plan. Mais, on verra que la traduction matérialiste de ce principe conduit à l’opposition des modalités de cette faisabilité : participation d’un côté, révolution de l’autre. Si l’action historique comme praxis révolutionnaire est toujours suspendue à sa coïncidence avec les circonstances, celle-ci ne signe pas tant la limite de cette praxis que son surgissement imprévisible, jamais assuré de son succès, ni de son échec, ce qui pose le problème de son organisation.
Le cercle du lecteur chez Rousseau
Authors: Ledoux Aurélie
Published: January 2013

Entrer dans le cercle du lecteur de Rousseau suppose moins de faire partie du club restreint de ceux qui « savent l’entendre » que de saisir le caractère circulaire d’une écriture qui prétend ne s’adresser qu’à ceux qui auraient déjà compris. Parce que la reconnaissance de la vérité implique l’écoute du sentiment intérieur, il n’y a éveil d’un savoir que de « cœur à cœur ». Le discours philosophique n’a donc pas pour but d’agir sur le lecteur et de lui « communiquer » une pensée comme on communique un mouvement, mais de lui donner à voir une pensée dans son authenticité. Aussi peut-on dire que l’écriture rousseauiste n’a d’autre dissimulation que sa transparence.
Michel Henry, lecteur de Husserl
Authors: Popa Délia
Published: January 2013

De Husserl à Henry, l’essence de la phénoménalité a changé de lieu, quittant le monde de la manifestation dans lequel l’être est à la fois caché et livré par des apparences, pour la pureté d’une auto-affection qui ne saurait s’y révéler comme telle, étant donné que son déploiement est purement immanent. Si la phénoménologie husserlienne ne peut, selon Michel Henry, que contribuer à « étendre le règne de l’apparence », la philosophie henryenne ira jusqu’à remettre en question le statut de la phénoménalité à partir de la vie transcendantale incarnée. Le paraître se videra ainsi progressivement de la vie transcendantale dont il s’était fait l’expression sensible chez Husserl. En revenant de Henry à Husserl, nous essayons de montrer que si l’apparence est considérée comme la voix sensible de l’apparaître, ce dernier ne cesse pas pour autant de vivre.
Michel Foucault et le soulèvement iranien de 1978 : retour sur la notion de « spiritualité politique »
Authors: Cavagnis Julien
Published: January 2013

La série d’articles écrits par Michel Foucault sur le soulèvement iranien de 1978 a été l’objet de vives polémiques. L’analyse sérieuse et attentive d’un tel corpus montre pourtant l’intérêt qui est le sien tant sur le plan historique que conceptuel. C’est sur la notion de « spiritualité politique », certainement la plus importante des articles, que nous nous arrêterons tout particulièrement ici. Nous tenterons d’abord de comprendre pourquoi, comment et contre quoi une telle notion a émergé dans l’entreprise de description de l’événement. Nous verrons ensuite les pistes et hypothèses qu’elle ouvre aujourd’hui, tant pour la recherche proprement foucaldienne que pour les recherches d’ordre théologico-politique.
Retour sur l'imputation des charges indirectes en comptabilité de gestion : comment bien spécifier les activités et leurs inducteurs ?
Authors: Gervais Michel , Lesage Cédric
Published: January 2013

Résumé Dans la littérature sur la méthode ABC, on suppose que la mise en place d’activités permet une meilleure imputation des charges indirectes. À l’aide d’une formulation mathématique, le présent papier rappelle les conditions d’une bonne imputation. Il envisage ensuite les deux grandes familles de modèles (heuristiques et statistiques) qui ont été proposées pour déterminer des inducteurs expliquant au mieux le niveau des charges. L’analyse débouche sur une reformulation du problème de l’imputation.
Les cartes conceptuelles : un outil pédagogique pour un enseignement de la comptabilité intégrant l'éthique et la responsabilité
Authors: Trébucq Stéphane , Noël-Lemaître Christine
Published: January 2013

Résumé Suite à la survenue de plusieurs scandales financiers, la méthode des cartes conceptuelles est mobilisée pour amener des étudiants en gestion à réfléchir sur les liens entre la comptabilité, l’éthique et la responsabilité. À cette fin, deux groupes, l’un en formation initiale et l’autre en formation continue, ont été interrogés sur les possibilités d’améliorer la fiabilité de l’information financière. L’approche retenue révèle des différences sensibles de perception entre les deux groupes. Cela se vérifie notamment au niveau de la réflexion éthique et au nombre de parties prenantes prises en compte. L’analyse du contenu des cartes conceptuelles met en évidence non seulement une vision fortement juridique de la comptabilité, mais aussi les difficultés rencontrées lorsqu’il s’agit d’y intégrer des considérations éthiques.
Cohérence logique entre le modèle stratégico-opérationnel en contrôle de gestion et la théorie de la firme-compétence foncière des économistes évolutionnistes : une lecture historique
Authors: Ekoka Essoua Benoît
Published: January 2013

Résumé Dans cet article, nous mettons en évidence les liens entre l’économie et le management, et ce afin de positionner chaque modèle générique en contrôle de gestion dans un paradigme donné. Dans le cadre du paradigme de l’information, nous soulignons des affinités conceptuelles entre le management scientifique et les théories économiques représentant la firme comme un nœud de contrats. Ces affinités conceptuelles légitiment le modèle financier en contrôle de gestion qui émerge dans les années 20 chez General Motors. Ce modèle bien que critiqué est toujours d’actualité. A la fin des années 60, émerge dans quelques firmes japonaises le management Hoshin. Ce management rend mieux compte de ce qui constitue le « hors contrat », à savoir les processus, les compétences, le contexte et la vision partagée de l’équipe dirigeante. La place croissante du « hors contrat » dans le management invite à une nouvelle théorie de la firme, la firme comme une compétence foncière, et à un nouveau modèle générique en contrôle de gestion, le modèle stratégico-opérationnel. Cette plate-forme constituée du management Hoshin, de la théorie de la firme-compétence foncière et du modèle stratégico-opérationnel s’inscrit dans le cadre du paradigme de la connaissance.
Gestion de la relation fournisseurs : étude des relations entre les modes de contrôle et les dimensions des transactions
Authors: Fernandes Valérie
Published: January 2013

Résumé Après une analyse théorique des liens entre les modes de contrôle des fournisseurs et les dimensions des transactions, cette recherche est appliquée au cas de la supply chain d’un groupe aéronautique. Elle met en évidence le fait qu’une forte spécificité des actifs va de pair avec un contrôle informel (de nature sociale). Elle souligne par ailleurs que plus l’incertitude est élevée, plus le mode de contrôle est social.
Partenariat, vassalité, marché et seigneurie : 4 configurations de contrôle client-fournisseur
Authors: Donada Carole , Nogatchewsky Gwenaëlle
Published: January 2013

Résumé L’article présente les résultats d’une recherche sur le contrôle client-fournisseur en milieu industriel à partir de six études de cas. Quatre configurations de contrôle sont proposées en fonction de l’environnement achat des entreprises clientes. Pour chaque configuration, une organisation interne (structure achat et contrôle des acheteurs) et un contrôle sur les fournisseurs sont présentés. L’étude révèle également la coexistence de plusieurs modes de contrôle client-fournisseur pour une même configuration.
La fonction contrôle de gestion : proposition d'une typologie
Authors: Lambert Caroline , Sponem Samuel
Published: January 2013

Résumé L’objectif de cet article est de comprendre la place et le rôle de la fonction contrôle de gestion dans l’organisation afin de proposer une typologie des fonctions contrôle de gestion. Celle-ci est réalisée à partir de douze études de cas ayant donné lieu à 73 entretiens. Quatre idéaux types sont mis en évidence : la fonction contrôle de gestion discrète, garde-fou, partenaire et omnipotente. Nous montrons que la fonction contrôle de gestion peut remplir des rôles divers : surveillance discrète, légitimation interne et externe des décisions et formation des managers, aide à la décision locale, centralisation du pouvoir. Les résultats montrent que le vécu des contrôleurs reste bien souvent éloigné du modèle du business partner , présenté comme une panacée dont on omet malheureusement de relever les effets pervers.
Publication d'informations sur le capital immatériel et attentes des investisseurs : une étude exploratoire par la méthode Delphi
Authors: Bejar Yosra
Published: January 2013

Résumé À travers une enquête menée auprès de 19 analystes financiers et gérants de portefeuilles, nous avons identifié la liste des informations en capital immatériel les plus utiles aux yeux du marché financier. Cette liste s’établit d’une manière consensuelle lors des entretiens. Une convergence des réponses est en effet identifiée grâce à la méthodologie Delphi. Par ailleurs, la comparaison des réponses avancées par les analystes financiers et par les gérants de portefeuilles montre une coïncidence des attentes de ces deux groupes d’experts. Ce résultat permet en partie de justifier le raccourci souvent utilisé dans la littérature, de l’interrogation exclusive des analystes financiers pour rendre compte des attentes d’informations du marché financier.
Le co-commissariat aux comptes sous le prisme de la sociologie du droit
Authors: Frémeaux Sandrine , Noël-Lemaître Christine
Published: January 2013

Résumé Cet article utilise la sociologie du droit de Carbonnier comme cadre conceptuel afin d’appréhender l’efficacité d’une des spécificités du gouvernement d’entreprise français, à savoir le co-commissariat aux comptes. Celui-ci a été l’objet de vives critiques de la part des professionnels, des chercheurs en audit et des instances politiques. Ces critiques se focalisent sur l’ineffectivité de la loi instituant le co-commissariat aux comptes. Nous montrons que ces critiques sont fondées sur une confusion entre l’effectivité matérielle et l’effectivité symbolique de la loi et ne sauraient remettre en cause la pertinence du co-commissariat aux comptes qui demeure un dispositif clef du gouvernement d’entreprise.
Le reporting social et environnemental suite à l'application de la loi NRE en France
Authors: Damak-Ayadi Salma
Published: January 2013

Résumé Ce papier analyse les pratiques de reporting social et environnemental par les sociétés cotées en France suite à l’application de la loi sur les Nouvelles Régulations Économiques. L’analyse a fait la distinction entre les informations sociales et environnementales obligatoires exigées par cette nouvelle loi et les informations sociales et environnementales publiées de façon volontaire dans les rapports annuels des sociétés cotées au CAC40 de 2002 à 2005. Nos résultats indiquent que ces informations sont plutôt qualitatives, les informations quantitatives sont en majorité de type non financier. Nous avons conclu également que certaines informations sociales et environnementales obligatoires ont été négligées par les sociétés qui ont divulgué particulièrement sur des sujets se rapportant à l’impact de leurs activités sur l’environnement naturel et les ressources humaines.