bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Quantitative Assessment of Electroencephalogram Reactivity in Comatose Patients on Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation
Authors: Williams Autumn , Zeng Yinuo , Li Ziwei , Thakor Nitish , Geocadin Romergryko G. , Bronder Jay , Martinez Nirma Carballido , Ritzl Eva K. , Cho Sung-Min
Published: April 2022

Objective assessment of the brain’s responsiveness in comatose patients on Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) support is essential to clinical care, but current approaches are limited by subjective methodology and inter-rater disagreement. Quantitative electroencephalogram (EEG) algorithms could potentially assist clinicians, improving diagnostic accuracy. We developed a quantitative, stimulus-based algorithm to assess EEG reactivity features in comatose patients on ECMO support. Patients underwent a stimulation protocol of increasing intensity (auditory, peripheral, and nostril stimulation). A total of 129 20-s EEG epochs were collected from 24 patients (age [Formula: see text], 10 females, 14 males) on ECMO support with a Glasgow Coma Scale[Formula: see text]8. EEG reactivity scores ([Formula: see text]-scores) were calculated using aggregated spectral power and permutation entropy for each of five frequency bands ([Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]. Parameter estimation techniques were applied to [Formula: see text]-scores to identify properties that replicate the decision process of experienced clinicians performing visual analysis. Spectral power changes from audio stimulation were concentrated in the [Formula: see text] band, whereas peripheral stimulation elicited an increase in spectral power across multiple bands, and nostril stimulation changed the entropy of the [Formula: see text] band. The findings of this pilot study on [Formula: see text]-score lay a foundation for a future prediction tool with clinical applications.
The implication of the atomic effects in neutrinoless double beta decay
Authors: Mei D.-M. , Wei W.-Z.
Published: April 2022

In the planned ton-scale neutrinoless double beta [Formula: see text] decay experiments, the used [Formula: see text] value is the mass-energy difference between the ground states of mother and daughter atoms, without correcting the atomic energy difference due to the alteration in the nuclear charge before and after the decay process. We show that the atomic energy change between the two ground states can potentially reduce the [Formula: see text] value by 5.502, 12.103, and 12.372 keV for the decays from [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], and [Formula: see text], respectively. The available kinetic energy for two electrons can be 2033.51 keV for [Formula: see text] decay, 2515.41 keV for [Formula: see text] decay, and 2445.45 keV for [Formula: see text] decay after correcting for atomic effects. This implies that the planned experiments could potentially miss the decay signature if a narrow energy window is designated to reduce background events including [Formula: see text] decay events.
Multi-Modal Sparse Tracking by Jointing Timing and Modal Consistency
Authors: Li Jiajun , Fang Bin , Zhou Mingliang
Published: April 2022

In this paper, we propose a multi-modal sparse tracking by jointing timing and modal consistency to locate the target location with the similarity of multiple local appearances. First, we propose an alignable patching strategy for red-green-blue (RGB) color mode and thermal infrared mode to adapt to the local changes of the target. Second, we propose a consistency expression of the corresponding aligned patches between the modes and the correlation of the gaussian mapping within mode to reconstruct the target judgment likelihood function. Finally, we propose an updating scenario based on timing correlation and mode sparsity to fit with the target changes. According to the experimental results, significant improvement in terms of tracking accuracy can be achieved on average compared with the state-of-the-art algorithms. The source code of our algorithm is available on https://github.com/Liincq/tracker .
A Compact Planar Multi-Resonant Multi-Broadband Fractal Monopole Antenna for Wi-Fi, WLAN, Wi-MAX, Bluetooth, LTE, S, C, and X Band Wireless Communication Systems
Authors: Nejdi Ibrahime Hassan , Das Sudipta , Rhazi Youssef , Madhav Boddapati Taraka Phani , Bri Seddik , Aitlafkih Mustapha
Published: April 2022

In this paper, a highly efficient tree-shaped fractal antenna with multi-broadband resonance characteristics is proposed. The proposed antenna exhibits broad operating bandwidth, high gain, and high efficiency characteristics due to the suggested modifications in the antenna geometry. The suggested circular patch is modified by introducing slots in the form of a tree-shaped fractal structure, and the partial ground plane is modified by incorporating a narrow rectangular slot. The proposed antenna is designed on an FR4 substrate of [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]mm3. The prototype of the proposed antenna has been fabricated and tested to justify the simulation results. The measurement results are in good agreement with the simulation that validates the multi-broadband design approach of the proposed fractal antenna. As per the measurement results, the proposed antenna operates at four distinct bands with [Formula: see text]10[Formula: see text]dB impedance bandwidths of 600[Formula: see text]MHz (2.2–2.8) GHz, 1070[Formula: see text]MHz (3.3–4.37) GHz, 2550[Formula: see text]MHz (4.75–7.3) GHz, and 2200[Formula: see text]MHz (9.7–11.9) GHz. Furthermore, a high peak gain of 10.23[Formula: see text]dB and a peak radiation efficiency of 96.65% are recorded for the suggested fractal antenna. The suggested compact bandwidth enhanced multi-band antenna can be useful for several wireless communication systems such as wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi), wireless local area network (WLAN), Bluetooth, long-term evolution (LTE), C, S and X bands.
Quantum corrections on threshold and growth rate of modulational amplification in semiconductor magneto-plasmas
Authors: Singh Devender , Sharma B. S. , Singh Manjeet
Published: April 2022

Using the quantum hydrodynamic model (QHDM), quantum corrections (via Bohm potential) on modulational amplification characteristics in semiconductor magneto-plasmas are investigated. Expressions are obtained for the threshold pump amplitude and the growth rate of the modulated beam with including and excluding quantum effects (QEs). Numerical analysis is performed for [Formula: see text]-InSb/CO2 laser system. The dependence of the threshold pump amplitude and the growth rate of the modulated beam on wave number, applied magnetic field (via cyclotron frequency), and plasma carrier concentration (via plasma frequency) are explored. The lowering in threshold pump amplitude and enhancement of growth rate of the modulated beam is observed by incorporating the QEs. The analysis provides detailed information of QEs on semiconductor magneto-plasmas and establishes the technological potentiality of semiconductor magneto-plasmas as the hosts for the fabrication of efficient optical modulators.
An Effective Crack Identification in Civil Infrastructure with IoT and Improved Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Yoganand S. , Chithra S.
Published: April 2022

Crack identification of buildings using the Internet of things (IoT) is done by continuously monitoring the building structures that provide an early indication of cracks in buildings. The established IoT system constantly gathers structural information using sensors and stores it on a cloud server. This paper presented an innovative machine learning crack identification methodology for detecting cracks using the sensor data. Initially, the collected sensor data is pre-processed by the cloud server using the data fusion process for further processing. Subsequently, effective damage sensitive features such as mode structure (MS) features such as damage signature, streamlined damage signature index, modal assurance criterion (MAC) and coordinate MAC, improved natural frequency (INF) features, and mode structure curvature (MSC) features with curvature damage factor are extracted from the pre-processed data to differentiate cracks easily. After features are extracted, the feature score-based random projection (FSRP) technique is utilized for dimensionality reduction. Finally, hybridization of improved convolutional neural network with modified whale optimization (ICNN-MWO) detects the cracks in the civil structure utilizing the selected features. These effective classification results might alert the user when a high severity or damage is likely to occur. The implementation platform used in this work is PYTHON. The experimental outcomes of the presented technique proved that the presented work is significantly better in terms of various effective performance measures like accuracy (99.93%), mean squared error (3%), precision (99.91%), recall (99.90%), and F-measure (99.9%). The experimental results of the presented methodology provide improved performance than the existing crack identification techniques.
Extracting Feelings of People Regarding COVID-19 by Social Network Mining
Authors: Vahdat-Nejad Hamed , Salmani Fatemeh , Hajiabadi Mahdi , Azizi Faezeh , Abbasi Sajedeh , Jamalian Mohadese , Mosafer Reyhaneh , Bagherzadeh Parsa , Hajiabadi Hamideh
Published: April 2022

In 2020, COVID-19 became one of the most critical concerns in the world. This topic is even still widely discussed on all social networks. Each day, many users publish millions of tweets and comments around this subject, implicitly showing the public’s ideas and points of view regarding this subject. In this regard, to extract the public’s point of view in various countries at the early stages of this outbreak, a dataset of Coronavirus-related tweets in the English language has been collected, which consists of more than two million tweets starting from 23 March until 23 June 2020. To this end, we first use a lexicon-based approach with the GeoNames geographic database to label each tweet with its location. Next, a method based on the recently introduced and widely cited Roberta model is proposed to analyse each tweet’s sentiment. Afterwards, some analysis showing the frequency of the tweets and their sentiments is reported for each country and the world as a whole. We mainly focus on the countries with Coronavirus as a hot topic. Graph analysis shows that the frequency of the tweets for most countries is significantly correlated with the official daily statistics of COVID-19. We also discuss some other extracted knowledge that was implicit in the tweets.
Wrist Extensor Deficit Detection Test – A Simple Test to Determine Wrist Extension Caused by Digital Extensors in Patients with Extended Upper Brachial Plexus Palsy
Authors: BHARDWAJ Praveen , VARADHARAJAN Vigneswaran , SABAPATHY S Raja
Published: April 2022

Motor deficit in patients with extended upper brachial plexus palsy is variable. A patient with only thumb and finger extensors may seem to have active wrist extension because of them secondarily acting at wrist and causing wrist extension. To determine the presence of wrist extensors, it is important to block the wrist extension caused by the finger and thumb extensors. Conventional muscle testing is often ineffective in these patients as they learn a variety of trick movements over the time. We describe a simple clinical test to reveal the strength of the wrist extensors only by negating the effect of digital extensors on the wrist. If wrist extensors are absent, a nerve or tendon transfer can be done to address this deficit and improve the functional outcome.

Level of Evidence: Level V (Diagnostic)
Use of a Box-cut Osteotomy Preserving Collateral Ligaments in Costal Osteochondral Graft Reconstruction of Proximal Interphalangeal Joint Cartilage Defects
Authors: USHIJIMA Takahiro , ARAI Ken
Published: April 2022

We report two patients with reconstruction of osteochondral defects of the proximal interphalangeal joint (PIPJ) using a costal osteochondral graft (COG). A box-cut osteotomy was done at the end of the phalanx preserving the lateral cortices and the insertion of the collateral ligaments. A COG was harvested from the rib, moulded and press fit into the groove formed by the box-cut osteotomy. The COG was fixed with mini screws in the coronal plane (dorsal to palmar) and the fixation off-loaded with an external fixator. This technique maintained the collateral ligament in-situ and is useful in reconstruction of chondral defects of the PIPJ.

Level of Evidence: Level V (Therapeutic)
Contextual Data Cleaning with Ontology Functional Dependencies
Authors: Zheng Zheng , Zheng Longtao , Alipourlangouri Morteza , Chiang Fei , Golab Lukasz , Szlichta Jaroslaw , Baskaran Sridevi
Published: April 2022

Functional Dependencies define attribute relationships based on syntactic equality, and when used in data cleaning, they erroneously label syntactically different but semantically equivalent values as errors. We explore dependency-based data cleaning with Ontology Functional Dependencies (OFDs), which express semantic attribute relationships such as synonyms defined by an ontology. We study the theoretical foundations of OFDs, including sound and complete axioms and a linear-time inference procedure. We then propose an algorithm for discovering OFDs (exact ones and ones that hold with some exceptions) from data that uses the axioms to prune the search space. Toward enabling OFDs as data quality rules in practice, we study the problem of finding minimal repairs to a relation and ontology with respect to a set of OFDs. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our techniques on real datasets and show that OFDs can significantly reduce the number of false positive errors in data cleaning techniques that rely on traditional Functional Dependencies.
Valued Authorization Policy Existence Problem: Theory and Experiments
Authors: Crampton Jason , Eiben Eduard , Gutin Gregory , Karapetyan Daniel , Majumdar Diptapriyo
Published: April 2022

Recent work has shown that many problems of satisfiability and resiliency in workflows may be viewed as special cases of the authorization policy existence problem (APEP), which returns an authorization policy if one exists and “No” otherwise. However, in many practical settings it would be more useful to obtain a “least bad” policy than just a “No,” where “least bad” is characterized by some numerical value indicating the extent to which the policy violates the base authorization relation and constraints. Accordingly, we introduce the Valued APEP, which returns an authorization policy of minimum weight, where the (non-negative) weight is determined by the constraints violated by the returned solution.

We then establish a number of results concerning the parameterized complexity of Valued APEP. We prove that the problem is fixed-parameter tractable (FPT) if the set of constraints satisfies two restrictions, but is intractable if only one of these restrictions holds. (Most constraints known to be of practical use satisfy both restrictions.) Our analysis is based on the novel concept of a user profile.

We also introduce a new type of resiliency problem in the context of workflow satisfiability, show how it can be addressed using Valued APEP, and use this to build a set of benchmark instances for Valued APEP. We describe two different formulations of this problem using mixed integer programming and report the results of computational experiments which solve the problem using these formulations as input to a general-purpose solver. Our results show that the formulation which employs the user profile concept, has FPT-like running time and usually significantly outperforms our naive formulation of the problem.
Quantifying the Effects of Contact Tracing, Testing, and Containment Measures in the Presence of Infection Hotspots
Authors: Lorch Lars , Kremer Heiner , Trouleau William , Tsirtsis Stratis , Szanto Aron , Schölkopf Bernhard , Gomez-Rodriguez Manuel
Published: April 2022

Multiple lines of evidence strongly suggest that infection hotspots, where a single individual infects many others, play a key role in the transmission dynamics of COVID-19. However, most of the existing epidemiological models fail to capture this aspect by neither representing the sites visited by individuals explicitly nor characterizing disease transmission as a function of individual mobility patterns. In this work, we introduce a temporal point process modeling framework that specifically represents visits to the sites where individuals get in contact and infect each other. Under our model, the number of infections caused by an infectious individual naturally emerges to be overdispersed. Using an efficient sampling algorithm, we demonstrate how to estimate the transmission rate of infectious individuals at the sites they visit and in their households using Bayesian optimization (BO) and longitudinal case data. Simulations using fine-grained and publicly available demographic data and site locations from Bern, Switzerland showcase the flexibility of our framework. To facilitate research and analyses of other cities and regions, we release an open-source implementation of our framework.
Direct Electroplating on Indium-Tin-Oxide-Coated Textured and Polished Silicon Substrates via Transition Metal Alloyed Interlayers
Authors: Politze Jochen , Scholz Stefan , Windgassen Horst , Schmitz Christian , Ding Kaining , Duan Weiyuan , Knoch Joachim
Published: April 2022

In this study Fe electroplating is used on polished or pyramidally textured indium-tin-oxide (ITO)-coated silicon substrates as an initial layer for subsequent Ni and Cu plating. Up to 15 μm thick Cu layers are deposited on the Ni/Fe intermediate layer. The adhesion strength of this metal layer stack is qualitatively shown by the scotch tape method and quantified by measuring the pull-off stress of the metal stack on ITO. 1.44 MPa and 1.28 MPa have to be applied to pull off the metal stack from polished and pyramidally textured substrates, respectively. Electrical contact properties are measured by circular transmission line model (CTLM) structures. Very low contact resistivity for electroplated metal on ITO of 6.5 × 10-7 Ω cm−2 and 9.0 × 10−7 Ω cm−2 with transfer lengths of 487 nm and 720 nm are determined for polished and pyramidally textured substrates, respectively.
Interaction of Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxanes (POSS) Modified with a Metallocyano Complex and Their Application Use as Sensor for the Detection of Isoniazid
Authors: Carmo Devaney Ribeiro do , Peixoto Murilo Santos , dos Santos Felipe Alexsandro , Mastelaro Valmor Roberto , dos Santos Franco Fernanda
Published: April 2022

We prepared herein polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS) modified with zinc and ferrocyanide to create an electroactive nanohybrid material (SZnH) that was then characterized using spectroscopic techniques like FTIR, XPS, SEM, EDX,TEM and CV. Cyclic voltammograms of the SZnH-modified graphite paste electrode (GPSZn) revealed three redox processes with formal potential (Eo’) values of 0.33 (I), 0.78 (II) and 1.01 ± 0.01 (III) V (vs Ag/AgCl). The second redox process (II) indicated high current intensities and were used to identify isoniazid in electroanalytical tests. GPSZn was highly sensitive to isoniazid concentrations, presenting two linear response at concentration ranges from 1.0 × 10−5to 1.0 × 10−3mol l−1, with the lowest limit of detection (LOD) of 3.70 × 10−6mol l−1. The material appears to be an excellent candidate for use in developing and applying electrochemical sensors in the detection of isoniazid.
Nitrogen-based lung clearance index: a valid physiological biomarker for the clinic
Authors: Darquenne Chantal , Theilmann Rebecca J. , Fine Janelle M. , Verbanck Sylvia A. B.
Published: April 2022

The physiological content of N2 multibreath washout testing has been questioned due to N2 indirect measurement accuracy and N2 blood solubility. With direct measurement of N2 and twice as soluble argon, we show that these effects are largely outweighed by ease of use.
The Influence of Computer Network Technology Using Digital Technology on the Quality of Physical Education in Colleges under Complex Scenes
Authors: Liu Tianyang , Zheng Qizhe , Tian Ling
Published: April 2022

Recently, college physical education has received a lot of attention. Traditional physical education and teaching are unable to meet the demand of students in today’s society and cannot attract students’ interest in sports. In this study, the challenges of college physical education classrooms are examined and the teaching objectives, contents, and teaching evaluation of the course are established to improve students’ deep learning (DL) and the effect and quality of college PE. The flipped classroom model based on DL is applied to PE teaching in colleges, and the influence of classroom teaching is explored. Moreover, a teaching experiment is conducted and the teaching effect before and after the experiment is compared. The results show that the

P

values of the three groups of students in the five items of 50 m running, sit-up/pull-up, 800 m/1000 m, sit and reach, and crossing direction change running are 0.003, 0.012, 0.024, 0.024, and 0.048, respectively. This indicates significant improvements in the physical quality of the three groups of students after the experiment. In addition, the three groups of students have significant differences in basketball technical and tactical application ability, DL ability, and autonomous learning ability after the experiment. This exploration integrates the concept of DL with the flipped classroom, providing a theoretical supplement for the design of flipped classrooms in college PE.
Netrin-1: A Serum Marker Predicting Cognitive Impairment after Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: Meng Yan , Sun Shifei , Cao Shengnan , Shi Bin
Published: April 2022

Objective. Although cognitive impairment has received more attention in recent years as a result of spinal cord injury (SCI), the pathogenic process that causes it is still unknown. The neuroprotective effects of Netrin as a family of laminin-related secreted proteins were discovered. The purpose of this study was to determine the changes of serum Netrin-1 after SCI and its relationship with cognitive impairment. Methods. 96 SCI patients and 60 controls were included in our study. We collected baseline data from all participants, measured their serum Netrin-1 levels, and followed up their cognitive levels 3 months later. Results. The clinical baseline values between the control and SCI groups were not significantly different (

p
>
0.05

). However, the serum Netrin-1 level in the SCI group was significantly lower than that in the control group (

528.4
±
88.3

 pg/ml vs.

673.5
±
97.2

 pg/ml,

p
<
0.05

). According to the quartile level of serum Netrin-1 level in the SCI group, we found that with the increase of serum Netrin-1 level, the MoCA score also increased significantly (

p
<
0.001

), indicating that the serum Netrin-1 level was positively correlated with the MoCA score after SCI. After controlling for baseline data, multiple regression analysis revealed that Netrin-1 remained an independent risk factor for cognitive impairment after SCI (=0.274,

p
=
0.036

). Conclusions. Netrin-1 may be a neuroprotective factor for cognitive impairment, which may serve as a serum marker to predict cognitive impairment after SCI.
Integration and Utilization Strategy of University English Teaching Information Resources Based on Fuzzy Clustering Algorithm
Authors: Yang Yuyan
Published: April 2022

With the changes of the times and the development of science and technology, modern multimedia technique has entered the field of schooling without hesitation. Modern schooling faces new challenges as a result of the information society. A new way of teaching is to integrate curriculum and information technology. Message technology is used to support not only teaching and learning but also the use of message-based resources. Students’ innovative thinking and action ability in the process of integration can be effectively released by mobilising the initiative and enthusiasm of science and engineering students. The quality of university English education has significantly improved since the implementation of the web-based schooling model. However, a number of obstacles prevent educators from making better use of educational message resources. A fuzzy clustering algorithm is used in this paper. The time spent on clustering optimization is reduced by more than half using this algorithm. Its prototype-based clustering algorithm is simple, efficient, and adaptable to large numbers. In clustering analysis, it is the most commonly used algorithm and a research hotspot.
Mechanical Properties of Polymer Composites Reinforced with Alkaline-Treated Natural Fibre
Authors: Rajakumar I. Paul Theophilus , Raguraman D. , Isaac J. Samson , Suthan R. , Bhattacharya Sumanta , Seikh Asiful H. , Khan S. M. A. , Raghavan Ishwarya Komalnu
Published: April 2022

The mechanical characteristics of a high impact polyethylene composite (HIPC) reinforced with abaca fibre (AF) are investigated in relation to fibre loading. An alkaline behaviour was used to improve the characteristics of the abaca fibre. With a fibre length of 100 mm, five different fibre loadings of the abaca fibre were used to create the samples of the composite (25, 35, 45, 55, and 65 wt percent). The object was made using compression moulding with unidirectional fibre orientation. The influence of fibre loading was investigated using tensile, hardness, and density tests. In an experiment, it was shown that with 55 percent fibre loading, tensile strength was 312 percent higher than without, and Young’s modulus was 545 percent higher than without. While this was happening, the hardness and density of the AF/PE composites were found to be quite similar, with minor increases from 25 wt percent to 65 wt percent AF loading in comparison to the control sample’s zero wt percent AF loading. 67.42 Shore-D and 1.014 g/cm3 are the highest values. The alkaline treatment of the AF/PE composite had a substantial influence on mechanical characteristics, according to the findings.
Hybrid Machine Learning Model for Electricity Consumption Prediction Using Random Forest and Artificial Neural Networks
Authors: Kesornsit Witwisit , Sirisathitkul Yaowarat
Published: April 2022

Predicting electricity consumption is notably essential to provide a better management decision and company strategy. This study presents a hybrid machine learning model by integrating dimensionality reduction and feature selection algorithms with a backpropagation neural network (BPNN) to predict electricity consumption in Thailand. The predictive models are developed and tested using an actual dataset with related predictor variables from public sources. An open geospatial data gathered from a real service as well as geographical, climatic, industrial, household information are used to train, evaluate, and validate these models. Machine learning methods such as principal component analysis (PCA), stepwise regression (SWR), and random forest (RF) are used to determine the significant predictor variables. The predictive models are constructed using the BPNN with all available variables as baseline for comparison and selected variables from dimensionality reduction and feature selection methods. Along with creating a predictive model, the most related predictors of energy consumption are also selected. From the comparison, the hybrid model of RF with BPNN consistently outperforms the other models. Thus, the proposed hybrid machine learning model presented from this study can predict electricity consumption for planning and managing the energy demand.
A Reverse Hardy-Hilbert’s Inequality Involving One Partial Sum as the Terms of Double Series
Authors: Yang Bicheng , Wu Shanhe , Huang Xingshou
Published: April 2022

In this paper, by constructing proper weight coefficients and utilizing the Euler-Maclaurin summation formula and the Abel partial summation formula, we establish reverse Hardy-Hilbert’s inequality involving one partial sum as the terms of double series. On the basis of the obtained inequality, the equivalent conditions of the best possible constant factor associated with several parameters are discussed. Finally, we illustrate that more reverse inequalities of Hardy-Hilbert type can be generated from the special cases of the present results.
Recognition Method of Wushu Human Complex Movement Based on Bone Point Feature
Authors: Li Anping , Zhang Ruijie , Tao Lingrong
Published: April 2022

The existing recognition methods of complex human movements in Wushu have the problem of imperfect kinetic energy model, which leads to low recognition accuracy. A complex human motion recognition method based on bone point features is designed. Identify martial arts movement posture, combine the upward movement of human center of gravity trajectory, establish the kinetic energy model of joints according to the positioning results of extremity points, set the threshold of local spatial differences of human bones with the central node of hip joint as the center point, avoid overcalculation, and optimize the complex motion identification process by combining the characteristics of bone points. Experimental Results. The correct rate of different types of actions identified by this method is 90.1% and 92.7%, and the identification time is 1.2 s and 1.41 s, which shows that this method can identify actions quickly and effectively by combining the feature information of bone points.
A Prospective, Randomized, Double-Masked Controlled Clinical Trial of Postoperative Pain after Transepithelial Photorefractive Keratectomy (Trans-PRK)
Authors: Lv Zhongping , Ma Ke
Published: April 2022

Objective. To determine the effect of aqua astricta flushing on ocular pain after Trans-PRK. Method. Three hundred and seventy eyes from 185 myopic patients were prospectively recruited for the study. Patients underwent Trans-PRK in both eyes. Postsurgically, one eye from each patient was randomly assigned to the trial group, and refrigerated normal saline was used to rinse the eye. The contralateral eye was assigned to the control group, and room temperature normal saline was used to rinse the eye. The primary target was postoperative pain experienced at the end of surgery and on the first, second, and third days after surgery. Secondary targets were uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), manifest refractive spherical equivalent (MRSE), and haze. Results. Patient pain scores gradually decreased over time, and the difference between time points of all patients was statistically significant (

P
<
0.05

). Postoperative pain was not affected by patient cooperation, education level, refractive SE, optical zone, corneal bed, or cutting depth (

P
>
0.05

). The level of pain at the end of surgery was affected by intraoperative rinsing. The pain level of the aqua astricta group was lower than the normal temperature saline group, and the difference was statistically significant (

P
<
0.01

). Pain scores on the first, second, and third days after surgery were not affected by intraoperative rinse (

P
>
0.05

). Conclusion. Trans-PRK is an important means of corneal refractive surgery, but postoperative pain remains unavoidable. These findings suggest that the use of cooled fluid during surgery reduces postoperative pain at the end of surgery.
Revealing Potential Diagnostic Gene Biomarkers Associated with Immune Infiltration in Patients with Renal Fibrosis Based on Machine Learning Analysis
Authors: Sun Yu-Chao , Qiu Zhen-Zhen , Wen Fu-Li , Yin Jin-Quan , Zhou Hao
Published: April 2022

Chronic kidney disease is characterized by the development of renal fibrosis. The basic mechanisms of renal fibrosis have not yet been fully investigated despite significant progress in understanding the etiology of the disease. In this work, the researchers sought to identify potential diagnostic indicators for renal fibrosis. From the GEO database, we were able to acquire two gene expression profiles with publically available data (GSE22459 and GSE76882, respectively) from human renal fibrosis and control samples. 215 renal fibrosis specimens and 124 normal specimens were examined for differentially expressed genes (DEGs). The SVM-RFE and LASSO regression models were used to discover potential markers. CIBERSORT was applied to estimate the combined cohorts’ immune cell fraction compositional trends in renal fibrosis. RT-PCR was used to examine the expression of ISG20 in renal fibrosis and healthy samples. In vitro experiments were applied to examine the function of ISG20 knockdown on the progression of renal fibrosis. In this study, we identified 24 DEGs. The result of LASSO and SVM-RFE identified nine critical genes. ROC assays confirmed the diagnostic value of the above nine genes for renal fibrosis. Immune cell infiltration analysis revealed that ISG20 and SERPINA3 were both found to be correlated with T cell follicular helper, neutrophils, T cell CD4 memory activated, eosinophils, T cell CD8, dendritic cell activated, B cell memory, monocytes, macrophage M2, plasma cells, T cell CD4 naïve, mast cell resting, B cell naïve, T cell regulatory, and NK cell activated. Finally, we observed that the expression of ISG20 and SERPINA3 was distinctly increased in renal fibrosis samples compared with normal samples. ISG20 siRNA significantly suppressed the progression of renal fibrosis in vitro. Overall, this study identified nine diagnostic biomarkers for renal fibrosis. ISG20 may be a novel therapeutic target of renal fibrosis.
English as an International Language: Perceptions of EFL Preservice Teachers in Higher Education Institutions in Indonesia
Authors: Raja Patuan , Flora  , Putrawan Gede Eka , Razali Abu Bakar
Published: April 2022

It is widely known that the English language has rapidly spread across the globe and is now used for a wide range of purposes. Its status as a national/foreign language has shifted to that of an international language. Despite this awareness, however, studies on perceptions of English as an international language (EIL) among EFL preservice teachers in the Indonesian context are not commonplace in the literature. Therefore, this study was aimed at elucidating the perceptions of the four aspects of EIL among EFL preservice teachers in higher education institutions in Indonesia. This quantitative study adopted a descriptive approach using a five-point Likert scale questionnaire with a total of 14 close-ended statements. Data collected from the questionnaire were analysed using descriptive statistics. The findings suggest that EIL is positively viewed by participants as a means of global communication to achieve a variety of purposes. They welcome and accept various varieties of English, demonstrating a strong multilingual/multicultural understanding through their ability to accept different pronunciation patterns and adapt their behavior and conversational styles when interacting with people from diverse cultural backgrounds. They have a strong sense of ownership over their own English varieties. Finally, the study’s implications for the four aspects of EIL including the current status of English, English varieties, multicultural communication strategies, and the identity of English speakers are also discussed, along with limitations and recommendations for future research.
The Progress of Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Patients with Poststroke Aphasia
Authors: Tang Jinping , Xiang Xuli , Cheng Xianglin
Published: April 2022

Aphasia after stroke is one of the common complications of cerebral infarction. Early diagnosis and treatment of aphasia after stroke is of great significance for the recovery of language function. At present, there are different views on the pathogenesis of aphasia after stroke. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) can reflect the brain function, brain tissue metabolism, and the level of brain local blood flow. It has the advantages of noninvasive, high resolution and sensitivity, low price, and so on. It has been widely used in the study of sensory aphasia after stroke. This study focuses on the development of functional magnetic resonance imaging in patients with poststroke aphasia and summarizes the published studies on functional magnetic resonance imaging in patients with poststroke aphasia. Evidence acquisition: A literature search was conducted in PubMed, Hindawi, PLoS, IEEE, Wiley, ScienceDirect, Springer, EMBASE, and web of science, with the keywords of “stroke” and “Aphasia” and “functional magnetic resonance imaging”, “RS fMRI”, or “DTI”, to review the research of functional magnetic resonance imaging in patients with aphasia after stroke. The results included clinical evaluation, diagnostic scale, and imaging analysis; the study design was a randomized controlled trial, case series and case report, and observational study. A total of 67 articles were identified in the first search and 43 after the second search. Based on the analysis of 43 selected articles, 19 articles were included, and 24 articles were excluded. The selected information is shown in Table 1. Eleven of them did not contain imaging-related data. Six articles are related review articles. Four studies were conducted on patients without poststroke aphasia. Three studies studied the effect of poststroke aphasia on patients’ social participation.
Automatic Intelligent Control System Based on Intelligent Control Algorithm
Authors: Huang Zishan
Published: April 2022

In order to improve the effect of automatic intelligent control, this paper improves the intelligent vector control algorithm, analyzes the performance of the algorithm with common power pulses as an example, and obtains an improved intelligent vector control algorithm suitable for modern intelligent systems. By making two mutually adjacent vectors nonidentical combination in time, the two vectors have the difference between zero and nonzero, and the vector can be rotated into a certain area. In addition, with the support of improved algorithms, this paper gets an automated intelligent control system based on intelligent control algorithms. Finally, this paper verifies the effect of the intelligent control system through experimental research. The analysis of the test results shows that the automated intelligent control system proposed in this paper has a better effect in intelligent control.
More Liver Metastases Detected Intraoperatively Indicates Worse Prognosis for Colorectal Liver Metastases Patients after Resection Combined with Microwave Ablation
Authors: Jiang Ling-Min , Zhang Yuan-Ping , Wang Chen-Wei , Zhang Wei-Dong , He Wei , Qiu Ji-Liang , Yuan Yi-Chuan , Li Bin-Kui , Yuan Yun-Fei , Lai Ren-Chun , Hu Dan-Dan , Zheng Yun
Published: April 2022

Background. Whether more tumor numbers detected in surgery compared to preoperative image affecting survival of colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) patients after hepatectomy combined with microwave ablation (MWA) remains unclear. Methods. From 2013 to 2018, 85 CRLM patients who underwent hepatectomy combined with MWA were retrospectively assessed. Compared to the tumor numbers in preoperative image, patients with equal intraoperative tumor numbers were defined as the equal number group (

n
=
45

); patients detected more tumor numbers in surgery were defined as the more number group (

n
=
40

). Clinicopathological factors and prognosis were compared between two groups. Results. Compared to the equal number group, the more number group was characterized by more lymphatic metastasis, synchronous metastasis of liver lesion, and tumor numbers over 5 (all

P
<
0.05

). Median survival time was 46.7 months and 26.8 months in the equal and more number group. Significantly worse overall survival (OS) was found in more number group to the equal number group (

P
=
0.027

). In Cox analysis, more tumor number than image and high level of carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) were poor prognostic factors for OS. Conclusion. In patients receiving hepatectomy combined with MWA, detecting more liver metastases in surgery than preoperative image indicates poor long-term survival. These patients were characterized by more lymphatic metastasis, synchronous metastasis of liver lesion, and tumor numbers over 5. Intensive follow-up to detect early recurrence and potent postoperative therapy to improve survival may be justified in patients detected more tumor numbers in surgery with a high CA19-9 level.
The Timbre Relationship between Piano Performance Skills and Piano Combined with Opera Music Elements in the Context of the Internet of Things
Authors: Deng Yu
Published: April 2022

The “quintessence of the nation” Peking Opera is a highly comprehensive form of opera, which has a high artistic status in traditional Chinese culture. At present, the combination of the Internet of things and music can be embodied in smart devices, through a computing device that can perceive and exchange data for the purpose of music. In the more than 100 years of development of the piano art in China, many composers have used Peking Opera singing and board styles, or absorbed the essence and connotation of Peking Opera, taking Peking Opera elements as the core material and source of creation and presenting them instrumentally through piano works. For example, in terms of smart musical instruments, the Internet of things and Internet technology are combined to realize the real-time connection between the remote piano and the piano and accurately reproduce all the touch and pedal movements of the player, so that teachers and students in different spaces can listen to the course. Audiences had an immersive course experience. Taking this as an opportunity, we will carry out a series of “remote art education” such as remote master classes and remote concerts, to realize the sharing of educational resources around the world. The piano as the king of musical instruments has been loved by people. During piano performance, touch key techniques and pedaling techniques have a very important influence on the piano’s performance sound effects. Chinese opera is the essence of Chinese national art and one of the treasures of China’s traditional national music. The composers of our country also constantly apply the opera elements to the piano creation and create many kinds of piano works that conform to the traditional Chinese opera style and reflect the characteristics of the piano. Pedal skills are also an important technique in piano performance. The pedaling method is based on thinking about history and showing the player’s intentions. Only using the correct playing skills can make the music more expressive. This study briefly introduces the development of piano in China and the playing skills of the piano, and at the same time, it briefly describes the principle of piano sounding and the sound of piano. Based on the previous studies, the effects of touch key techniques and pedaling techniques on the sound of the piano are discussed. I hope to provide some references for the piano performers. The average similarity between the final music and the original music is 60% and around 70%. This article provides a reference direction for the diversified dissemination and promotion of theatrical art and provides theoretical and technical reference suggestions for the future creation, performance, and teaching of Chinese piano music.
Continuity of Care plus Whole Process Psychological Intervention for Lung Cancer Patients undergoing Chemotherapy
Authors: Zhou Chunxiang , Tang Jinghua , Sun Fenlan , Huang Lei , Liu Mengyue , Kuang Dan
Published: April 2022

Objective. To explore the efficiency of continuity of care plus whole process psychological intervention for lung cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. Methods. A total of 130 patients who have lung cancer undergoing chemotherapy admitted to our hospital from 2019 to 2021 were recruited and assigned via different intervention methods (1 : 1) to receive either continuity of care plus whole process psychological intervention (observation group) or routine nursing (control group). Outcome measures included psychological state, treatment compliance, quality of life, and nursing satisfaction. Results. Continuity of care plus whole process psychological intervention was associated with significantly lower Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) and Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA) scores versus routine care. The patients given combined nursing showed higher self-esteem scores versus those given routine care. Continuity of care plus whole process psychological intervention also resulted in significantly lower cancer-related fatigue scores and higher treatment compliance versus routine care. Patients given continuity of care plus whole process psychological intervention had a better quality of life and higher nursing satisfaction versus those given routine care (

P
<
0.05

). Conclusions. Continuity of care plus whole process psychological intervention can effectively mitigate the negative emotions of lung cancer patients, alleviate cancer-related fatigue, improve treatment compliance, and boost the life quality of patients.
Analysis of the Mechanism of Ureproofing Technology and Postlaparoscopy on Patients with Urology and Infection
Authors: Chen Si , Zhang Yuanfeng , Shen Peilin , Huang Zhuangcheng , Lin Mingen , Huang Jiansheng
Published: April 2022

Objective. To analyze the effect of ureteroscopy and retrolaparoscopy on urinary calculi and infection. Method. A total of 64 patients with urinary calculi and infection who received treatment in our hospital from June 2018 to January 2018 were selected. According to the different treatment methods, they were divided into two groups: a control group and a study group. The study group was treated with laparoscopic ureteroscopy, and the control group was treated with ureteroscopy. The surgical results, complications, renal function, stress response, and inflammatory reaction were compared between the two groups. Results. Compared with the control group, the study group stone clearance rate was higher, the surgical time was shorter

P
<
0.05

; the incidence of complications in the study group (23.3%) was lower than that in the control group (5.9%)

P
<
0.05

; there was no significant difference in kidney function indicators before treatment

P
>
0.05

; after treatment, the SCR, BUN, NGAL, and Cys-C indicators of the two groups were significantly increased. Compared with the control group, the study group change was more obvious, and the difference was statistically significant

P

<

0.05

; after treatment, the two sets of stress response indicators were significantly increased, but relative to the control group, the study group stress response indicator was lower

P
<
0.05

; before treatment, there was no significant difference in inflammatory factors

P
>
0.05

; after treatment, the two sets of inflammatory factor levels were significantly increased, but relative to the control group, the study group was lower

P
<
0.05

. Conclusion. In the clinical treatment of urinary stones, ureteroscopy technology and the laparoscopic technique have played an important role. But the laparoscopic technique is shorter, the stone clearance is higher, and the patient’s renal function can be improved, and the patient is postoperative. The stress reaction should be small. Therefore, in the clinical treatment of urinary stones and infection, laparoscopic technical treatment is worth promoting.