bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
bono de desarrollo humano y su incidencia en la calidad de vida de las beneficiarias del cantón El Chaco
Authors: Mejía Trelles Nardy Peggi
Published: October 2020

El presente artículo tuvo como finalidad determinar la calidad de vida y reducción de pobreza en las familias usuarias del Bono de Desarrollo Humano con componente variable del cantón El Chaco, provincia de Napo, estas personas son beneficiarias de la política pública de carácter social por más de seis años. La investigación fue de tipo documental y de campo con un enfoque mixto, se aplicó la encuesta, entrevista y revisión documental como técnicas de investigación y se utilizó el método analítico - sintético para la interpretación de resultados. Como principales resultados se obtuvo que las familias se mantienen en la línea de pobreza extrema entre 6 y 21 años. De los montos otorgados a los grupos por el gobierno mensualmente se ha observado que no han sido suficientes para salir de pobreza extrema y mejorar la calidad de vida.
Uso de la estimación de costos como herramienta de evaluación
Authors: López Vargas Alison Ibeth
Published: October 2020

La globalización, los sistemas tecnológicos, políticas tributarias, entre otros, obligan a establecer estrategias, tales como las herramientas de costos, para determinar cuánto les cuesta producir un servicio. La presente investigación usó como caso de estudio una empresa de transporte y tuvo como objetivo identificar y calcular el costo en la prestación de su asistencia de una manera técnica. Se aplicó un estudio exploratorio-descriptivo y se realizó una encuesta conformada por 6 preguntas de selección múltiple. Los resultados expresaron que el 80 % de encuestados manifiesta que no existe un modelo de cálculo de costos, el 60% desconoce cómo calcularlos y el 40% no sabe qué elementos forman parte del costo del transporte. Estos datos fueron analizados e interpretados por el método estadístico. La propuesta establece que el método de costeo fijo y variable es una opción para determinar de manera oportuna el valor de un servicio, facilitando la toma de decisiones a los propietarios de transportes que ofertan su asistencia.
Evolución del mercado de seguros en Ecuador
Authors: Eras Piedra Alexander Alfonso , Redrobán Chamorro Ángel Gustavo
Published: October 2020

Las compañías de seguros, como titulares de un importante capital económico, y por la importancia que tienen en el mercado ecuatoriano, se encuentran bajo la regulación de la Superintendencia de Compañías, Valores y Seguros, razón por la cual el objetivo del presente caso de estudio fue analizar la evolución del mercado de seguros en el Ecuador. Se utilizó la investigación descriptiva, basada en referencia bibliográfica documental que permitió establecer el crecimiento del mercado de seguros del 3.6% con respecto al año anterior, principalmente por el ramo de seguros Vida que en el año 2018 creció el 11.6% más, con respecto al 2017. A su vez, se evidenció que el segmento de seguros de vehículo ocupa el primer lugar en el mercado, con un 24%. Es importante resaltar que el seguro privado dinamiza la economía, genera rentabilidad a sus propietarios y se ha convertido en indispensable para los consumidores, ante riesgos fortuitos.
Evaluación del potencial eólico y predicción de la velocidad de viento con Minería de Datos
Authors: Vargas Guevara Carlos Luis
Published: October 2020

El fujo del viento se ha visto afectado por factores como la rugosidad y la topografía del terreno que producen perturbaciones en su movimiento. La presencia de colinas puede generar, por un lado, aumento de velocidad en el viento hasta llegar a la cima, pero, a su vez, en la parte inferior aumenta la turbulencia produciendo efectos de recirculación. Este comportamiento no permite conocer en detalle el desarrollo de los perfles de velocidad y la energía cinética turbulenta del viento. En este sentido, por el gran interés en el estudio del fujo de aire en terrenos complejos, el presente proyecto tiene como objetivo la evaluación del recurso eólico en terrenos complejos, específcamente en un túnel de viento natural ubicado entre el nevado Chimborazo y Carihuairazo del Ecuador, además de la predicción de la velocidad para un nuevo horizonte de tiempo.
Sistema de gestión documental para la empresa Logikard
Authors: Riera Edison Giovanni
Published: October 2020

El sistema de gestión documental logikdocs es una herramienta tecnológica capaz de generar y administrar documentos pertenecientes a una institución, que en el caso particular del presente proyecto es la empresa Logikard de Quito, Ecuador. Los documentos contemplados están conformados por políticas, manuales, procedimientos, entre otros documentos que a su vez se encuentran vinculados a un conjunto de archivos que forman parte de la estructura de un procedimiento o formato de acuerdo al caso, y para lo cual también se tiene una administración que permite subir y editar archivos que ya se encuentren en el sistema. La distribución de documentos se encuentra establecida mediante el uso de un mapa de procesos de 3 niveles, los procesos se encuentran vinculados a un cargo en específico para poder asegurar que la documentación se distribuye de acuerdo a las actividades que realiza un colaborador de la compañía. La publicación de un documento se establece con la revisión, que es producto de una pasarela de aprobación. Un cambio siempre va a estar evaluado por un jefe inmediato o a su vez el administrador del sistema, quien es el único posibilitado para poder realizar una publicación.
Prototipo móvil para la geolocalización de mascotas callejeras
Authors: Burbano Ulloa Esteban Alejandro , Constante Molina Mayra Alexandra , Hidalgo Guamán Lesly Maribel , Moya Chiluiza Fernando Alexander
Published: October 2020

En Ecuador existen fundaciones que se encargan de velar por los derechos de los animales, además de la promoción sobre la tenencia responsable de mascotas; sin embargo, esto no es suficiente, ya que estas organizaciones se auto sustentan y muchas veces no dan abasto con los animales que tienen a cargo. Con la creación de la ordenanza 048 se establecieron penalizaciones para controlar el problema de fauna urbana, tomando en consideración aquellos actos que ponen en riesgo la vida de los animales, y que a su vez afectan la sociedad. Con el uso de las tecnologías esta problemática se ha hecho mucho más evidente en las redes sociales, por lo que el presente trabajo propone la creación de una aplicación móvil que permita en tiempo real identificar y ubicar perros callejeros en diferentes sectores de la ciudad de Quito, para que los organismos encargados puedan tener un registro actualizado. Esta app funcionaria mediante la georreferenciación por medio del uso de un sensor de geolocalización, obteniendo latitud y longitud que permita alimentar la base de datos.
Worldwide Crude Death Rate, Case Fatality Rate, and Attack Rate from COVID-19: with up to date Comprehensive Review
Authors: Al-Janabi Wissam , Abras Ahmed
Published: October 2020

This article sheds light on the up to date details of COVID-19 and why it began in Wuhan. Further, it discusses the available treatment options and their effects on patients with COVID-19, and which drugs patients and clinicians should avoid. It elucidates the common signs and symptoms and the stages of the severity of patients' condition with COVID-19, including its definition, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). It shows possible ways to break up the transmission mechanism by giving a simple table with a clear and concise caption for each point.
Moreover, it announces three ways to diagnose COVID-19, including the latest five-minutes test that was approved by the US Food Drug Administration (FDA) on March 28, 2020. It also elaborates on the main features that can be found on the Chest Computed Tomography Scan (CT-scan) and its four stages. This article will show the difference between previous similar virus attacks like Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) and Middle Eastern Respiratory Syndrome (MERS). It talks briefly about children and pregnant women with COVID. It shows the latest toll of death from COVID-19 and the number of new cases for several countries.
Changes in the dentition with increased tooth abrasion
Authors: Stepanov D.A. , Leibenko V.S. , Stepanov E.A. , Koretskaya E.A. , Zyulkina L.A.
Published: October 2020

In the article the analysis of the changes in the dentoalveolar system occurring with increased abrasion of the teeth is carried out, the features of these changes and the compensatory capabilities of the dentoalveolar system with pathological abrasion are considered. It was concluded that the observed rearrangements on the part of many structures of the maxillofacial region (jaw bones, temporomandibular joint, teeth, muscles) should be established during diagnosis and treatment should be planned taking into account the morphological and functional changes that have arisen on the part of all elements of the dentition, which will help improve the effectiveness of treatment.
Medical mistakes in the dental practice: a view from the inside
Authors: Vasilyeva E.Y. , Gorbatova L.N. , Tomilova M.I.
Published: October 2020

The purpose of the study was revealing the subjective opinion of doctors of various dental medical specialties about the experience of making medical mistakes.
Methods: a single semi-structured interview method, qualitative deductive content analysis of the content of recorded interviews for encoding and categorizing text units using the OpenCode 4.02 program.
Results: it was found that all respondents associated the concept of "medical mistake" with incorrect actions or inaction of the doctor, which led to negative consequences in the treatment of the patient. Thirty percent of respondents admitted to making manipulative and diagnostic mistakes in their dental practice. Analysis and ranking of factors indicated by dentists to commit a medical mistake showed that these are 1) objective factors of a subjective nature related to the personal characteristics of the doctor: insufficient knowledge and lack of experience, fatigue, arrogance; 2) objective factors related to the shortcomings of the organization of dental care in a medical institution; 3) objective factors of a subjective nature related to individual characteristics of patients.
Conclusions: Continuous improvement of the training system for future dentists, residents, and doctors based on modern achievements in the field of dentistry, as well as the widespread use of simulation technologies for practicing manipulative skills, and the introduction of the "standardized patient" method for developing communication skills in order to effectively interact with patients are preventive measures aimed at preventing medical mistakes in dental practice. Awareness of the factors of medical mistakes and their analysis at the personal level will minimize their number and, consequently, improve the quality of dental care provided to the population.
Are Corporate Governance Mechanisms, Corporate Strategy, and Corporate Financial Characteristics Related to Earnings Management?
Authors: Tonay Clarissa , Sutrisno Paulina
Published: October 2020

Objective – This study aims to examine the effect of corporate governance and several factors of corporate financial characteristics on earnings management. Corporate governance mechanisms such as an independent board, board size, and audit committee size are expected to be able to limit the ability of management to carry out earnings management. Meanwhile, a company's financial characteristics such as corporate strategy, company age, operating cash flow, company growth, profitability, company size and leverage are predicted to affect earnings management.
Methodology/Technique – Many previous studies have involved the examination of corporate governance mechanisms and corporate financial characteristics of earnings management however, the results of those studies give rise to inconsistencies. Hence, this study seeks to re-examine the existence of corporate governance mechanisms and corporate financial characteristics of earnings management. The sample in this research is non-financial companies listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange between 2016 and 2018.
Findings – This data in this study is analysed using statistical methods such as multiple regression linear. The results of this study indicate that one mechanism of corporate governance, the size of the audit committee, has a positive effect on earnings management, while the financial characteristics of companies such as company size and operating cash flow negatively affect earnings management.
Novelty – Other corporate financial characteristics such as corporate strategy, company age, operating cash flow, and profitability have a positive effect on earnings management. Meanwhile, the other variables such as board size, leverage, and company growth do not have an influence on earnings management.
Type of Paper: Empirical.
JEL Classification: G3, G34, G39.

Keywords: Earnings Management; Corporate Strategy; Audit Committee Size; Company Age; Operating Cash Flows.
Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Tonay, C; Sutrisno, P. 2020. Are Corporate Governance Mechanisms, Corporate Strategy, and Corporate Financial Characteristics Related to Earnings Management? J. Fin. Bank. Review, 5 (2): 48 – 57 https://doi.org/10.35609/jfbr.2020.5.2(2)
Ownership Structure and earnings management: Empirical evidence from listed pharmaceuticals and chemical firms of Bangladesh
Authors: Hossain Dewan Azmal
Published: October 2020

Objective – This study aims to examine the relationship between ownership structure (determined by institutional and foreign ownership) and earnings management in the context of Bangladeshi Pharmaceuticals and Chemical firms.
Methodology/Technique – Out of 32 listed firms, this study examined 29 firms from the pharmaceuticals and chemical industry of Bangladesh from 2014 to 2018. Three firms are omitted as they got listed in 2018 and 2019 respectively. This study uses discretionary working capital accrual to measure earnings management that is the dependent variable. Ordinary least square regression analysis is conducted to assess the result of this study. Institutional and foreign ownership are independent variables. ROA, size, cash flow from operation, and leverage are control variables.
Findings – It is found that institutional ownership is negatively related to earnings management and foreign ownership is positively related to earnings management but none of them are statistically significant indicating institutional and foreign ownership do not help in resolving or reducing the earnings management problems in the context of Bangladeshi pharmaceuticals and chemical firms.
Novelty – Previous studies in Bangladesh deal only with the techniques of earnings management. To my knowledge, it is the first study that tries to assess the relationship of ownership structure defined by institutional and foreign shareholdings with earnings management in the context of Bangladeshi pharmaceuticals and chemical firms. These two ownership patterns are selected because they are supposed to increase the quality of financial information and also because in Bangladesh state and general shareholders are too dispersed to monitor the governance issues. The practical implications of this study is that investors should not consider institutional and foreign ownership percentage as a determining factor of good governance when considering investment decisions rather should look for other firm-specific factors as institutional and foreign shareholders are found to be inactive in increasing the quality of financial information in the context of Bangladesh. Policymakers should identify why institutional and foreign shareholders are not active and should revise the governance mechanisms accordingly.
Type of Paper: Empirical
Keywords: Ownership structure; Institutional Shareholdings; Foreign Shareholdings; Earnings Management; Bangladesh.
Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Hossain, D.A. 2020. Ownership Structure and earnings management: Empirical evidence from listed pharmaceuticals and chemical firms of Bangladesh, J. Fin. Bank. Review, 5 (2): 58 – 69 https://doi.org/10.35609/jfbr.2020.5.2(3)
JEL Classification: G40; G41; G49.
Simple Asymptotic BER Expressions for LoRa System over Rice and Rayleigh Channels
Authors: Savaux Vincent , Ferré Guillaume
Published: October 2020

This paper deals with the bit error rate (BER) of LoRa signal over Rayleigh and Rice channels. Exact analytical expressions of the BER in LoRa systems have been proposed in the literature, but they are not tractable and raise problems of computation precision. We then hereby suggest asymptotic expressions of the BER, which are at the same time

tractable and accurate over a wide BER range.

source code: https://github.com/b-com/ber_LoRa
El punto de encuentro entre la teoría penal y la teoría democrática de Carlos Nino
Authors: Gargarella Roberto
Published: October 2020

En el trabajo, intento repensar la teoría penal de Carlos Nino, desarrollada durante sus estudios doctorales y posdoctorales, a la luz de su teoría de la democracia deliberativa, elaborada desde los años 80. Nino no tuvo la oportunidad de revisar plenamente sus estudios penales en la materia, luego de desarrollar su teoría de la democracia y este artículo se propone entonces dar algunos primeros pasos en esa dirección y explorar algunas posibles implicaciones de dicha tarea.
Legítima defensa y justificación: Consideraciones sobre la legítima defensa y el liberalismo a partir de algunos textos de Carlos Nino
Authors: Bouvier Hernán G.
Published: October 2020

El presente trabajo se ocupa de la teoría general de Carlos Nino sobre la legítima defensa y cómo ella se enmarca, de manera más general, en su concepción sobre el liberalismo en materia penal. Se muestran dos casos problemáticos para teorías así concebidas. Se propone una alternativa para salir de estos casos problemáticos apelando a consideraciones cercanas al ideal de no dominación.
Completando un proyecto inconcluso: una propuesta de aplicación de la teoría de la democracia deliberativa de Carlos Nino al plano global
Authors: Maisley Nahuel
Published: October 2020

Según cuentan algunos de sus colegas y discípulos, al momento de su temprana muerte, en 1993, Carlos Nino estaba comenzando a estudiar la posibilidad de trasladar sus teorías al plano internacional. En este trabajo pretendo retomar al menos un aspecto de aquel proyecto, preguntándome cómo hubiera trasladado Nino su teoría de la democracia al plano global. En otras palabras, intentaré especular respecto de cómo podrían insertarse las ideas nineanas en la discusión actual en materia de democracia global. Mi hipótesis es que, por un lado, Nino habría reclamado la creación de nuevas instancias de participación popular en los procesos de creación e implementación del derecho internacional; pero a la vez, por otro lado, habría defendido el núcleo duro de la “constitución histórica” del derecho internacional, basada en un sistema interestatal y descentralizado (por oposición a un cambio revolucionario, como la creación de una asamblea parlamentaria global, o alguna propuesta similar).
Effect of Therapy Using Aquatic Treadmill on the Functional Status
of Patients with Knee Arthrosis
Authors: Maruszewska Agnieszka , Panasiuk Lech , Buczaj Agnieszka , Pecyna Anna
Published: October 2020

Introduction: Arthrosis is considered as a disease of the whole locomotor system, which may be prevented and treated at early stages. Gonarthrosis develops gradually within 10-15 years, interfering with daily activities and capability for work. Aquatic exercises are considered as a potentially effective therapeutic intervention in persons with knee arthrosis.
Aim: Assessment of the effectiveness of a 4-week aquatic treadmill exercise programme, with respect to the measurement of pain, balance, function, and mobility.
Materials and Methods: The study covered 15 patients with gonarthrosis, using a 4-week cycle of exercises. The results of measurements included a visual-analogue scale for assessing pain, Time Up and Go (TUG) for balance, 6-meter walk test for mobility and Lequesne index for function. The exercise protocol covered an aquatic treadmill using water jets to destabilize while standing, and achieve high ratings of perceived exertion during walking.
Results: The comparison of results obtained by the patients after 20 interventions, with those obtained before therapy allowing the presumption that on the level of significance α= 0.05 there occurred statistically significant differences in the results of the tests performed (p<0.05). This concerned both pain complaints (VAS scale, Lequesne index of severity for arthrosis of the knee), as well as functional tests TUG, and measurement of the range of motion (p = 0.041-0.001).
Conclusions: Based on the results of the study a decrease was observed in pain complaints, improvement of the range of motion in the joints, balance and function, after participation in a 4-week aquatic treadmill exercise programme, which contained the components of balance and endurance training.
Effect of Immobilization on Changes in Blood Glucose and Cholesterol Concentration in the Examined Mice – Preliminary Studies
Authors: Stanisławska Iwona , Łyp Marek
Published: October 2020

Introduction: Immobilization in animals may be an analogue of strong neurogenic stress in humans, in which an adaptive reaction aimed at energy mobilization of the system seems seemingly insignificant. The animal does not move, so it does not lose energy. However, there is an energy mobilization of the organism in which most regulatory organs and systems participate.
Aim: To assess the extent of possible changes in glucose and plasma cholesterol concentration in mice subjected to immobilization.
Material and Methods: The study was conducted on 40 female Swiss mice at the age of 12 weeks unselected and selected for a high rate of weight gain. Plasma concentrations of glucose and total cholesterol were determined.
Results: Immobilization caused a significant reduction in glucose concentration (83%) and a significant increase in cholesterol (121%) in the plasma of mice selected in comparison to the control group. [From the analysis of multidirectional variance the significance of statistically confirmed differences induced by selection was revealed in relation to glucose [F = 21.81] and plasma cholesterol [F = 45.63].
Conclusions: The selection for high body weight had a significant effect on the level of the examined indicators. This may indicate that selected mice obtained greater protein gain in the form of larger body increases, with lower glucose levels, were forced to work more economically at the cellular level, managing their structural and energetic metabolites more carefully.
Assessment of Usability of Thermal Bicarbonate Mineral Water
from the “Odra-5/I” Intake in Grabin Opole Silesia (SW Poland)
for Therapeutic and Prophylactic Purposes
Authors: Spielvogel Izabela , Spałek Krzysztof , Badora Krzysztof
Published: October 2020

Thermal bicarbonate mineral water belong to sought-after balneological resources. This kind of water are a balneological product and valuable raw material used in health resorts for the wider health strategy - prophylaxis and recreation. The discovery of thermal bicarbonate mineral water in Grabin near Opole in 1983 was purely incidental when a intake was made for the recognition of the geological structure of the crystalline basement of Mesozoic and Cenozoic sediments. Thermal bicarbonate mineral water existing in Grabin can be found in the Fore-Sudetic block and is a unique phenomenon. Its chemical composition, and especially high total mineral salt content of the waters from Grabin, indicate a type of mineral water unparalleled in Poland. The content of solids is much higher than in all other waters existing in e.g. Lower Silesian health resorts. Its special feature is also the source performance, which is 150-200m3/h and is unprecedented when compared to other sources in the region. The discovery of thermal bicarbonate mineral water in Grabin also puts a new light on the presence of perspective areas for drawing waters useful in medical care and prevention.
Traumatic Injury of Medial Meniscotibial Ligament
– Diagnostics and Conservative Treatment
Authors: Zaworski Kamil , Wójcik Gustaw , Rutowicz Bartosz
Published: October 2020

The paper aims to present diagnostic methods and options of conservative treatment of traumatic injuries of medial meniscotibial ligament (MTL). Ca. 75% of all sport-related injuries pertains to the lower extremity; among those, knee damage the second most frequent, after ankle damage. The anteromedial part is where knee pain occurs most frequently.
Knee injuries often lead to damage to ligament structures, including medial meniscotibial ligament, which is rarely reported in the literature. Those ligaments may be damaged when the knee is subject to forces leading to valgity and rotation of the femur, internally, and of the tibia, externally. Damage may be caused in an isolated manner, through overloads and combined microdamage.
Medial meniscotibial ligaments are formed by a fibrous layer of the articular capsule and are a part of the deep medial collateral ligament. They run from the medial meniscus to the proximal part of the tibia.
An MTL examination consists of three parts: medical interview, physical examination and additional examinations. Due to the structure of MTL, its diagnostics must be expanded by an examination of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), medial collateral ligament (MCL) and the medial meniscus.
Treatment in the acute condition is carried out according to the PRICE (Protection, Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation) rules. In the subacute and chronic condition, therapy may be expanded for instance by manual therapy methods, functional training, physical therapy and kinesiology taping.
An Analysis and Comparison of Widely Used Analogue Scales
– VAS and Algometry
Authors: Szewczyk Jakub , Polińska-Szewczyk Katarzyna
Published: October 2020

Introduction: Humans have always experienced pain. Pain is defined as an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience which affects the quality of life and disturbs individuals’ day-to-day functioning. The instruments of measuring pain that are available nowadays include numeric, visual, analogue visual methods as well as the algometry-based method. Proper pain treatment plans and techniques can only be administered if accurate and correct diagnosis and measurements of pain are made.
M
aterial and Methods: There were 240 low back pain patients involved in the study. They were divided into two groups: 120 of them were treated on an outpatient basis, and the other 120 underwent health resort treatment. Pain measurements were made prior to and after the treatment with the use of the VAS and algometry.
Results: In the study we found that the condition of the patients who received health resort treatment got much better compared to the condition of the patients who received outpatient treatment. As far the use of the measuring instruments is concerned, no differences were found between the VAS and algometry. There is no statistically significant correlation between the VAS measurements and measuring pain thresholds with the use of algometry.
Water Treadmill Therapy After Reconstruction
of the Anterior Cruciate Ligament ACL – Case Report
Authors: Maruszewska Agnieszka , Panasiuk Lech
Published: October 2020

Introduction: The knee joint is one of the most commonly injured joints, especially among physically active persons. In turn, the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is the knee ligament which is most frequently torn. Water treadmill therapy is one of the forms of rehabilitation available for patients after ACL reconstruction.
Materials and Method: The case of a 38-year-old woman is presented who during parachute jumping sustained injury to the knee joint on landing. Using the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) a tear of the ACL was diagnosed. Physiotherapeutic examination was performed: palpation and visual observation of both knee joints: assessment of position of the patella and the axes of the lower limbs, assessment of joint temperature, patella ballottement sign, and tenderness. In order to objectively monitor the progress of therapy measurements were taken of the circumference of the lower limbs, and pain complains assessed according to the VAS scale. Eight weeks after reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament, the patient underwent 30 treadmill therapy treatments.
Results: Quadriceps muscle mass gain and reduction of the knee joint swelling were observed. Full range of knee joint motion was confirmed, and lack of pain in the medial compartment of the knee joint.
Conclusions: Water treadmill therapy is an effective supplementation of the process of patient rehabilitation after reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament.
Relations Between Vibratory Stimulations and the Variability
of Human motor Skills
Authors: Bartczyk Mateusz , Suchanowski Andrzej , Woldańska-Okońska Marta
Published: October 2020

Stimulation of vibratory stimuli is another measure in physiotherapeutic and sports training. Particularly the interest in research has significantly increased in the field of biomechanics and sports training. The basic subject of the research is the effects of stimulation with vibratory stimuli in relation to motor strength, coordination properties and mobility. The aim of the work is to discuss the parameters of stimulation and to review the biomechanical and physiological effects of using the whole body vibration on the human motor skills.
HEMATOLOGY, C-REACT IVE PROTE IN AND PROCA LCITON IN
IN COV ID-19 PAT IENTS AND HISTOR ICA L PNeUMONIA GROUP
Authors: Bilaszewski Łukasz , Budrewicz Katarzyna , Gogolewski Grzegorz , Sycz Krzysztof , Wolniakowski Igor , Madziarska Katarzyna , Obremska Marta , Waligóra Grzegorz , Jagielski Dariusz , Nadolny Klaudiusz , Zyśko Dorota
Published: October 2020

Introduction: Laboratory test play an essential role in the early detection and diagnosis in an Emergency Department.
Laboratory tests are common w COVID-19, however, they are also encountered in diseases with similar presentation
as COVID-19 but other etiopathogeneses.
The aim: To compare morphology, procalcitonin, and C-reactive protein in patients admitted with the diagnosis of
COVID-19 to the Infectious Hospital to the patients with the discharge diagnosis of pneumonia admitted to the Emergency
Department in January and February 2019.
Material and methods: The study group consisted of 46 COVID-19 patients (60.9% male) aged 63.3±15.3 and 48
pneumonia patients (56.3% male) aged 75.0±13.7. The COVID-19 patients were admitted to the Infectious Department
of Boleslawiec County Hospital or were discharged from the Emergency Departments to the Infectious Departments.
The age, gender, leucocyte count, lymphocyte count and percentage, hemoglobin, mean corpuscular volume,
platelets number, procalcitonin level and c-reactive protein were retrieved from medical electronic records.
Results: The hematology tests did not reveal significant differences in lymphocyte count and percentage, however the
white cells number was significantly higher in pneumonia than in COVID-19 group. C-reactive protein did not differ
between groups. There was a trend to the higher level of procalcitonin in pneumonia group and hemoglobin level in
COVID-19 group. Mean corpuscular volume and leucocyte number were significantly higher in the pneumonia group.
Conclusions: 1. Lower leucocyte number and lower mean corpuscular volume of erytrocyte in COVID-19 patients than
in pneumonia patients may reflect differences in the reaction of the host to infectious factors or indicate predisposing
factors to COVID-19 infection. 2. Further studies are indicated to confirm and explain obtained results.
TREAT MENT OF PAIN DURING EMERGENCY MEDICA L
SERVICES
Authors: Surowicz Dawid , Gałuszka Dominik , Martyka Agnieszka , Penar Karolina , Wolanin Krystian , Poznańska Angelika
Published: October 2020

Introduction: Pain, while undertaking medical rescue operations, is a common complication of injuries or a symptom
of disease entities of internal medicine. Equipping emergency medical teams with painkillers from various groups, gives
broad opportunities to fight pain at the pre-hospital stage. The manner of using medicines is regulated by law in the
form of an executive regulation to the Act on State Emergency Medical Services, which specifies the type and route of
their administration. When undertaking analgesic treatment, one should be aware of the contraindications to the use of
individual medications, possible complications of their use, and methods of combining analgesics and co-analgesics as
part of multimodal analgesia. The consequence of using medicines may be their impact on the work of the circulatory
and respiratory systems, hence it is necessary to observe the patient’s cardiopulmonary stability during medical emergency
operations at the call site, during transport and in the Hospital Emergency Department.
The aim: This article aims to systematize the knowledge of painkillers available to the paramedic and methods of
assessing pain intensity according to the following scales: numerical, verbal, visual-analog and picture for pediatric
patients with whom it is possible to make logical contact.
Conclusions: 1. Basic emergency teams are equipped with drugs from the following groups: nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory
drugs, non-opioid analgesics and opioid analgesics. Thanks to them, it is possible to effectively and noticeably
reduce pain at the stage of providing medical emergency services. 2. Despite properly undertaken pain therapy with
available means and methods, it may not be possible to completely eliminate pain and clearly determine its etiology at
the pre-hospital stage. 3. Available scales allow proper assessment of pain intensity in both pediatric and adult patients.
4. In complex cases, pain should not go away, it is necessary to use multimodal analgesia by combining analgesics of different
groups, or to include in analgesic therapy co-analgesics, which, due to the weakening of the impact of a potential
cause of pain, may determine the effectiveness of therapy. 5. Establishing the etiology of pain due to the numerous potential
pathologies that cause it requires careful assessment of the patient at the stage of providing medical emergency
services and the implementation of a full and properly conducted physical examination.
HEALTH-RELATED BEHAVIOUR IN ADOLESCENTS WHO HAVE RECEIVED BASIC INSTRUCTION IN HEALTH PROMOTION
Authors: Tekliuk Ruslan V. , Serheta Ihor V. , Serebrennikova Oksana A.
Published: October 2020

Introduction: Both positive and risky health behaviours among adolescents are of paramount importance as they often pathway further lifestyles and determine future health
outcomes. The paper focuses on the trends of health promotion activities and health risks among adolescents who have been instructed on these topics at secondary schools.
The aim: to detect trends in pro-active health behaviour and risk taking activities of Ukrainian adolescents in the last 14 years.
Materials and methods: males and females, aged 15-17, who studied in secondary schools of the urban area of Vinnytsia city, Ukraine, in the years 2003, 2013, 2017,
anonymously filled in the 118-item questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, Cochran Q test, Spearman correlation analysis, Kendall’s tau coefficient were used to analyze the data.
Results: Overall, the data about health related issues obtained in the year 2003 vary significantly from the years 2013 and 2017, which indicates some beneficial influence that
has taken place since 2003. Much fewer differences were spotted between the years 2013 and 2017. Health related behaviours in females showed less significant dynamics
and some changes indicate regression, while males reported multiple improved results. Meanwhile actual numbers of males who opted for risky behaviours were higher than
those of females. Significant relationships were found between some socio-economic factors, positive health behaviours (sufficient sleep, physical activity, daily regime, and
life satisfaction) and proactive health choices.
Conclusions: The available data suggests that there was a beneficial health-related influence on the schoolchildren over the years 2003-2017. Our findings also support the
view that certain assets may protect the youth from risk-taking behaviours.
POSSIBILITY FOR NON-INVASIVE DIAGNOSIS OF CHRONIC ENDOMETRITIS IN WOMEN AT RISK DURING PREGRAVID PREPARATION
Authors: Taranovska Olena О. , Likhachov Volodymyr К. , Dobrovolska Ludmyla М. , Makarov Oleg G. , Shymanska Yanina V.
Published: October 2020

Introduction: Detection and treatment of chronic endometritis (CE) is clinically significant, though involves intrauterine intervention to collect endometrium. The aim: To estimate the possibility to use fertility α2-microglobulin (FAMG) as the marker of the high risk for CE. Materials and methods: 70 women with CE who were planning pregnancy were tested for FAMG in menstrual blood. 40 of them received treatment of CE. The other 30 women refused from the proposed treatment. The control group involved 30 women who had neither CE nor luteal phase deficiency (LPD). Additional group (20 women) had LPD without CE. Results: The decrease of FAMG by 2.4 times was noted in women with CE (16.3 ± 3.9 μg/ml against 39.8 ± 8.3 μg/ml in the controls). In LPD the index was 5.6 times lower. After treatment the level of FAMG was increasing. Conclusions: The decrease of the amount of FAMG in menstrual blood is specific for women both with CE and LPD. Detection of abnormally low rates of FAMG in all women with CE enables, with the exception of absolute hypoprogesteronemia and LPD, using it as a simple method of estimation of the functional state of endometrium. Its application can be very useful both for non-invasive diagnosis of CE and subsequent evaluation of treatment of this pathology.
PECULIARITIES OF ANTIBIOTIC-ASSOCIATED DIARRHEA DEVELOPMENT IN CHILDREN WITH ACUTE RESPIRATORY INFECTIONS
Authors: Popov Sergii V. , Smyian Oleksandr I. , Loboda Andrii N. , Redko Olena K. , Bokova Svitlana I. , Moshchych Oleksandr P. , Petrashenko Viktoriia O. , Kasian Svitlana N. , Savchuk Olena V.
Published: October 2020

Introduction: Acute respiratory infections (ARI) are the main cause of morbidity in most countries. The probability of complications and age determine antibiotics administration.
Antibiotic associated diarrhea (AAD) is one of the side effects of antibiotics.
The aim: The study of the prevalence rate of AAD and the characteristics of its development in children with ARI.
Materials and methods: The study included 75 children aged from 1 to 12 y diagnosed with ARI, who were treated with age-specific doses of antibiotics. The influence of
children’s anamnesis, parents’ health on the development of AAD was studied with odds ratio calculation (OR).
Results: In general, AAD incidence was 52%. The highest frequency 59.3% was observed in children under 3 y. AAD most often developed in children treated with amoxicillin
– 92%. The greatest dependence of AAD development was connected with breastfeeding less than 6 months – OR was 7.65, preterm birth – 2.9, functional GIT disorders in
anamnesis – up to 3.14, allergy – 2.33. The risk of AAD development increased with the age of parents more than 35 y – 5.03, at the age of parents less than 18 and older than
35 y – 4.09, parents’ allergies - 3.74 and parents smoking - 2.43.
Conclusions: The most important factors of AAD development on antibiotics therapy in children with ARI are breastfeeding less than 6 months, functional GIT disorders
and allergic conditions in anamnesis. Suboptimal age and parents’ health (GIT disorders, allergic conditions and unhealthy habits) also increase the risk of AAD development.
NON-PHARMACOLOGICAL TREATMENT OF CHRONIC NECK−SHOULDER
MYOFASCIAL PAIN IN PATIENTS WITH FORWARD HEAD POSTURE
Authors: Iaroshevskyi Oleksandr A. , Morozova Olga G. , Logvinenko Anna V. , Lypynska Yana V.
Published: October 2020

Introduction: Today, chronic pain remains a pressing medical and socio-economic problem, despite the rapid development of medical technologies, the presence of a vast
arsenal of drug and non-drug treatments. Estimates for chronic pain prevalence ranged from 8% to 60%. At the same time, about 40% of patients report insufficient effectiveness
in the treatment of chronic pain syndrome.
The aim of the study was to compare the effectiveness of MTrPS management by biomechanical correction of the musculoskeletal system combined with therapeutic exercises,
DN and TrPs−pressure release with the effectiveness of MTrPS management by therapeutic exercises combined with DN and TrPs−pressure release in patients with chronic
neck−shoulder myofascial pain and FHP.
Materials and methods: 87 patients (mean age − 39±4,9 years) with chronic neck−shoulder myofascial pain and FHP were randomly assigned to 2 treatment groups. Group
1 received a biomechanical correction, DN, TrPs−pressure release. Group 2 − therapeutic exercises, DN, TrPs−pressure release. Study protocol included CVA-measurement,
assessment of pain intensity with VAS, assessment of QoL using MOS SF-36.
Results: increase of CVA (59,07°±1,41 in the 1st group, and 51,2°±2,01 in the 2nd group (p=0,036)), decrease of pain and decrease of influence of neck pain in performance
of everyday activities, the improvement of QoL immediately after treatment occurred in both groups. However, after 3 months of therapy, 1-st group revealed more improvement
than the 2-nd.
Conclusion: Comparison of the effectiveness of MTrPS management by biomechanical correction of the musculoskeletal system combined with therapeutic exercises, DN and
TrPs−pressure release with the effectiveness of MTrPS management by therapeutic exercises combined with DN and TrPs−pressure release in patients with chronic neck−shoulder
myofascial pain and FHP demonstrated no significant differences between the therapeutic approaches in the short term. In the medium term, the inclusion of biomechanical
correction in the treatment protocol demonstrated higher efficiency compared with the combination of therapeutic exercises, DN and TrPs−pressure release.
THE FOUNDATION OF AN EFFECTIVE HEALTH CARE SYSTEM
OF UKRAINE – FAMILY MEDICINE
Authors: Shekera Oleh G.
Published: October 2020

The article discusses approaches to the reforming of the Health Care System of Ukraine, the key objectives of which are: the strengthening of preventive services, the increasing
of availability and quality of health care, the enhancement of primary health care, the improving of personnel maintenance, infrastructure upgrading and the equity in health
care. Conclusions: Any measures aimed at the modernization of the health care system should be accompanied by joint efforts of all parties (patients, the medical community,
legislative and executive authorities, as well as local authorities) to ensure the interest of health workers and the population in an effective health care system in Ukraine.
HEART FAILURE IN OPOLE VOIVODESHIP – EPIDEMIOLOGY
AND FUTURE PERSPECTIVES
Authors: Feusette Piotr , Gierlotka Marek , Tukiendorf Andrzej , Płonka Joanna , Bugajski Jarosław , Łabuz-Roszak Beata , Bryk Robert
Published: October 2020

Heart failure appears in 2% of the adult population in Europe. One in five people aged 40 years will develop heart failure during their lifetime. Heart failure touch 20,000 people
in the Opole province. Heart failure is the second, after acute coronary syndromes, urgent cause of admissions to the Clinic of Cardiology at the University Hospital in Opole. The
paper presents the prognosis of hospitalization of patients with heart failure for the years 2015-2050 taking into account the processes of depopulation taking place in our region.
The analysis makes it possible to predict that the age group particularly exposed to heart failure in the coming decades will be people who today belong to teenagers and young
adults. The article presents current methods of treatment of heart failure. Improvement in the prognosis of patients with heart failure can occur through the implementation of
the guidelines for treatment of heart failure recommended by the ESC. This goal is to be achieved by introducing the “Comprehensive care for patients with heart failure (KONS)”
program in our country. The shift of the burden of care for patient with heart failure to outpatient unit will result in a significant reduction in the number of hospitalizations.
SEVERE METABOLIC SYNDROME AND PRIMARY AMENORRHEA
AS MAIN PATHOPHYSIOLOGICAL FEATURES IN A SUBTYPE OF
TURNER SYNDROME (46, X, DEL (X) Q 21)
Authors: Harsch Igor Alexander , Heß Thomas , Konturek Peter Christopher
Published: October 2020

Turner syndrome can be manifest with a considerable genetic and phenotypic variability. This merely accounts for about 50% of patients who do not have the “classic” 45
X genotype. We report the case of a 42-year-old female patient with a 46, X, del (X) q 21 genotype (deletion on the second X chromosome on the long arm). As the patient
displayed a non-typical phenotype and was infertile, a diagnosis was established at the age of 24 with no follow-up treatment. As part of our therapy of the individual due to
newly manifested diabetes mellitus, our diagnostic workup revealed a severe metabolic syndrome encompassing fatty liver disease, obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and
hyperuricemia. Our observations should sensitize physicians treating female patients for one or more aspects of the metabolic syndrome and its presence in Turner syndrome.
These patients have an unfavorable cardiovascular profile, in part due to the metabolic syndrome, but also due to factors intrinsic to Turner syndrome.
TROMBOSIS OF MESENTERIAL VESSELS IN ACUTE
LYMPHOBLASTIC LEUKEMIA (CASE REPORT)
Authors: Dudnyk Veronika M. , Andrikevych Irina I. , Rudenko Hennadiy M. , Korol Tetiana G. , Khromykh Kateryna V.
Published: October 2020

The article presents data on classification, diagnostic problems, treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children. Remaining unresolved problems of protocol chemotherapy
complications of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. The presented clinical case of successful treatment of thrombosis of mesenteric vessels in a child with acute lymphoblastic
leukemia, which included the stages of thrombolytic therapy and surgical treatment for resection of necrotized part of the ileum.
KOUNIS SYNDROME - ALLERGIC MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION. A CASE REPORT
Authors: Wajtryt Olga , Zielonka Tadeusz M , Kaszyńska Aleksandra , Falkowski Andrzej , Życińska Katarzyna
Published: October 2020

Kounis syndrome or allergic myocardial infarction is an acute coronary syndrome in the course of an allergic reaction. In allergic patients in response to a specific condition - nourishment, inhalation, environmental substances, drug or insect bite there is an allergic reaction involving many different cells and mediators that can cause coronary artery spasm or initiate the process of rupture and activation of atherosclerotic plaque resulting in acute coronary syndrome. The paper describes a case of a young man with allergy to pollen and confirmed sensitization to nuts, who developed a full-blown anaphylactic shock after eating the nut mix and experienced a rapidly passing acute coronary syndrome with troponin up to 4.7 μg/L. An increased concentration of tryptase (15 μg/L), total IgE (> 3,000 IU/mL) and specific anti-nut IgE (55.1 kUA/L) were found. Based on the course of the disease and the results of allergic and cardiac tests, allergic type 1 myocardial infarction, i.e. caused by coronary artery spasm, was diagnosed. During the hospitalization, the patient’s condition improved quickly and after a few days he left the hospital without the signs of permanent damage to the heart muscle.