bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pendampingan Kader dalam Deteksi Dini dan Edukasi CERDIK sebagai Upaya Pengendalian Penyakit Tidak Menular (PTM)
Authors: Mardiyah Adiyati , Mareti Silvia , Azmy Restu Amalia , Zulkifli Zulkifli , Maktum Ummi
Published: February 2024

Indonesia is currently facing a double burden of disease, namely infectious diseases (infectious diseases) and non-communicable diseases (degenerative diseases), which are increasing. Currently, non- communicable diseases (NCDs) have replaced infectious diseases as the dominant disease and are the cause of higher deaths compared to infectious diseases. That there has been an increase in key NCD indicators. The increase in cases of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) will significantly increase the burden on society and the government, because handling them requires a long time, large costs and high technology. PTM cases are not transmitted, but they are deadly and cause individuals to become unproductive or less productive. NCDs can be prevented by controlling risk factors through early detection. One of the government's efforts is the CERDIK program to control Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs). This program is implemented to prevent deaths due to non-communicable diseases by emphasizing promotive and preventive aspects. Based on the background above, this activity aims to support government programs in efforts to control NCDs by assisting cadres in early detection and smart education as part of controlling NCDs. Training activities are carried out by providing demonstrations and teaching how to do early detection related to screening, measuring vital signs, checking body weight, height, body mass index, checking blood sugar, cholesterol and uric acid. Apart from that, cadres are also given clever education regarding controlling non-communicable diseases. The results of the evaluation that have been carried out are that the majority of cadres are in the good category regarding knowledge and attitudes in early detection of PTM.
Education for Pregnant Women and Cadres as an Effort to Optimize the Achievement of Exclusive Breastfeeding in Stunting Prevention
Authors: Kristiyanti Rini , Khanifah Milatun , Subowo Edy , Kusuma Nur Intan
Published: February 2024

Exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months of a baby's life is the gold standard in infant and child feeding recommended by WHO and UNICEF. Breast milk contains the complete nutrition that babies need. Only breastfeeding for infants aged 0-6 months is sufficient for all the nutritional needs of infants. This program aimed to increase mothers' understanding of the importance of exclusive breastfeeding, increase mothers' self-efficacy for breastfeeding, and mothers' readiness to face the breastfeeding process. The program is carried out by providing education, demonstrations, and breastfeeding assistance, as well as evaluation monitoring. The activity was attended by nine third-trimester pregnant women and 11 cadres, all of whom were unemployed. Providing education and training about the importance of breastfeeding for reducing can increase knowledge about exclusive breastfeeding. Breastfeeding self-efficacy was also measured and obtained an average score of 34 out of a total score of 56. The variation in breastfeeding self-efficacy was 4,153, with a minimum score of 34 and a maximum of 39. The results of breastfeeding assistance and evaluation showed that mothers can breastfeed well and only give breast milk to the baby. This program is expected to contribute to increasing breastfeeding coverage to reduce stunting in children.
El Producto y sus Atributos como Factores Fundamentales de las Estrategias de Marketing
Authors: Campines Barría Francisco Javier
Published: February 2024

El producto se refiere a cualquier bien, servicio o idea que una empresa ofrece y pone a disposición del mercado con el objetivo de satisfacer las necesidades y deseos de los consumidores. Especificamente el producto forma parte de las variables de lo que se denomina mezcla de marketing o marketing mix. El objetivo que se establece en esta investigación consiste en explicar los diversos atributos que posee el producto como factores fundamentales del marketing. El enfoque de la presente investigación es de carácter cualitativo de tipo descriptivo. Los hallazgos destacados en la investigación resaltan que la marca es un activo estratégico que va más allá de la identificación física de un producto. Es una herramienta clave para construir relaciones con los consumidores, generar confianza y establecer una posición distintiva en el mercado. Por otra parte la etiqueta es una parte fundamental del producto, porque sirve para identificarlo, describirlo, diferenciarlo, dar un servicio al cliente y por supuesto, también para cumplir con las leyes, normativas o regulaciones establecidas para cada industria o sector.
Modelo Económico de la Agrobiodiversidad para el Emprendimiento Sostenible y Adaptación al Cambio Climático en Zonas Vulnerables de los Andes Tropicales
Authors: Aquino Santos César Gustavo , Chávez Navarro Juan Roberto , Carbajal Linares Hernán
Published: February 2024

Una de las riquezas para el emprendimiento empresarial en el país, en contextos de crisis ambiental, es el aprovechamiento de la biodiversidad. Sin duda las prácticas del sistema de la agrobiodiversidad autóctono en los Andes integran los beneficios ecológicos y económicos estratégicos inmediatos y futuros para una agricultura sostenible, así como, las combinaciones de prácticas de agricultura de conservación, cultivo mixto-ganadería, agricultura orgánica. Su desempeño ecológico-económico depende en gran medida del contexto geográfico, sociocultural y político. Su práctica se debe recompensar financieramente y sancionando las externalidades negativas. Analizamos de manera conjunta los beneficios económicos y ecológicos del sistema de la agrobiodiversidad autóctono y la agricultura no diversificada. El sistema de la agrobiodiversidad autóctono brinda una biodiversidad sustancialmente mayor y los servicios ecosistémicos asociados, como el control de plagas y malezas, la salud del suelo, la gestión de nutrientes y agua y el secuestro de carbono. Los resultados muestran que las prácticas combinadas de DF brindan los más altos beneficios ecológicos y económicos a nivel de finca. Se concluye que según el modelo económico planteado se necesitan instrumentos financieros para aumentar la implementación de prácticas combinadas de DF para recompensar adecuadamente los beneficios ecológicos a nivel de finca esto explica el uso regular (98.5%) por parte de los agricultores de un modelo económico de agrobiodiversidad planteado, estudiado, descrito y explicado por los cinco factores económico, producción, materias primas, sostenibilidad ecológica y social.
Miguel de Unamuno y el orbe intelectual femenino hispanoamericano
Authors: PIÑAR GEMMA GORDO
Published: February 2024

A pesar de lo publicado hasta el momento sobre Miguel de Unamuno y las mujeres, esta importante temática del unamunismo no ha acometido una revisión de las cuestiones sobre las que trata este artículo: una reflexión sobre la influencia femenina en la personalidad, en la vida y en la obra de Unamuno, y cómo esta influencia se plasma en sus relaciones intelectuales con escritoras hispanoamericanas. Para ello, analizamos principalmente los diálogos epistolares que se establecen entre Unamuno y estas literatas. Finalmente, ofrecemos algunas conclusiones sobre las consideraciones de Unamuno en torno a las mujeres, basándonos en sus escritos y dichas relaciones epistolares.
Assessment of the national emission reduction strategies effects for Bulgaria (2020–2029 and after 2030) on surface FPRM and CPRM concentrations
Authors: Ganev Kostadin , Gadzhev Georgi , Georgieva Ivelina , Ivanov Vladimir , Miloshev Nikolay
Published: February 2024

Bulgaria has developed national emission reduction strategies for the period from 2020 to 2029 and the years after 2030, in accordance with EU Directive 2016/2284. Our fundamental aim in this study is to assess the effects of the strategy on the PM near surface concentrations in Bulgaria. All the simulation was done by the modeling system U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) Models-3 for 2008 to 2014 period and with 9 km horizontal grid resolution for the selected region – Bulgaria. The meteorological background that was used is with 1°x1° resolution from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) Global Analysis Data. There are 5 emission scenarios structured: 2005 emissions (reference period), 2020–2029 emissions projected with existing measures (WEM) and with additional measures (WAM), projected after 2030 WEM and WAM emissions, as parallel calculations were performed with all of the scenarios. Making parallels between the concentrations, with different scenarios simulated, gives the possibility to evaluate the national emission reduction strategies’ effect.
Factors influencing drivers' queue-jumping behavior at urban intersections: A covariance-based structural equation modeling analysis
Authors: Wang Xiaoxiao , Xu Liangjie
Published: February 2024

Queue-jumping is widely acknowledged as one of the most vexing driving behaviors and a prevalent traffic violation at urban intersections in China, exerting detrimental effects on both traffic operational efficiency and safety. To investigate the motivational factors underlying drivers' queue-jumping behavior at urban intersections, a questionnaire was designed to collect data based on an extended theory of planned behavior (TPB). A total of 427 valid responses were received through an online self-reported questionnaire survey conducted in China. The Pearson's chi-square test was employed to examine potential demographic disparities in self-reported queue-jumping behavior among drivers at urban intersections. Covariance-based structural equation modeling (CB-SEM) with bootstrapping was utilized to elucidate the impact of various factors on drivers' engagement in queue-jumping behavior. The findings revealed significant gender and age differences regarding drivers' propensity for queue-jumping at urban intersections, with male and young drivers exhibiting higher inclination compared to female and older counterparts, respectively. Furthermore, the extended TPB effectively accounted for both behavioral intention and actual occurrence of queue-jumping among drivers at urban intersections. Behavioral intention (β = 0.391, p = 0.002) and perceived behavior control (β = 0.282, p = 0.002) emerged as influential determinants of queue-jumping. Among all influencing factors shaping drivers' behavioral intention toward engaging queue-jumping at urban intersections, attitude (β = 0.316, p = 0.005) proved to be the most significant factor followed by perceived risk (β = 0.230, p = 0.001), moral norms (β = 0.184, p = 0.002), subjective norms (β = 0.175, p = 0.002), and perceived behavior control (β = 0.122, p = 0.05). These results offer valuable insights for urban road traffic managers seeking effective strategies for public awareness campaigns as well as practical intervention measures aimed at curbing improper driving behavior of queue-jumping at urban intersections.
Numerical simulation of Suliciu relaxation model via an mR scheme
Authors: Mohamed Kamel , Alsisi Abdulhamed
Published: February 2024

We suggest a group of reliable and efficient finite volume techniques for solving the Suliciu relaxation model numerically. Namely, we have developed the modified Rusanov (mR) method to solve this model. This system is divided into two parts, the first of which is dependent on a local parameter that allows for diffusion control. The conservation equation is recovered in stage two. One of the key characteristics of the mR scheme is its ability to calculate the numerical flux equivalent to the solution's real state in the absence of the Riemann solution. Several numerical examples are considered. These examples indicate the mR scheme's high resolution and highlight its ability to deliver correct results for the Suliciu relaxation model. A variety of additional models in developed physics and applied science can be solved by using the mR method.
Numerical analysis of dropper stress under a moving load based on the uplift displacement for a high-speed railway
Authors: Yang Caizhi , Shen Xinxin , Pan Like , Chen Liming , He Fan
Published: February 2024

The most essential cause of the fracture of the dropper is the effect of alternating stress for a long time. Therefore, in order to ensure the safe operation of high-speed railways, the influence of moving loads on the stress of a dropper was investigated in this study. Due to a high-voltage catenary system, it is very difficult to measure the moving load. Thus, the uplift displacement measured by some software and hardware devices has been applied to the contact wire instead of the moving load. The response equation for the contact wire has been derived so as to determine the initial and boundary conditions of each dropper. Then it was combined with the equation for vibration analysis of the dropper and the stress of each dropper was calculated by using the finite-difference method based on a written MATLAB program. The results show that the dropper stress, during a certain period goes through two stages of immediate rebound and bending compression when the uplift displacement is large. After the pantograph passes, the vibration of the dropper tends to be smooth; also, dropper stress variation with timecan be described by three stages: immediate rebound, vibration attenuation, and bending compression. In addition, the maximum tensile stress of dropper Ⅳ was the highest. It indicates that dropper Ⅳ was more prone to fracture than other droppers.
Estimation of the Lattice Parameter and Lattice Distortion Based on the Results of Ab Initio Study of Structural Fragments of TiVZrNbMo, TiVZrNbHf, and TiVZrNbTa Multicomponent Alloys
Authors: Rozhenko Nataliia , Ovsiannikova Liubov , Kartuzov Valery
Published: February 2024

Isolated clusters, fragments of the bcc structure of the compounds of the TiVZrNbMo, TiVZrNbHf and TiVZrNbTa systems, have been constructed and studied from the first principles. An approach has been developed and applied to predicting the lattice parameter and its distortion in solid-state structures based on the results of an Ab initio study of fragments of their structure. It has been established that the predicted values of the lattice constant of the equiatomic compounds TiVZrNbMo, TiVZrNbTa, TiVZrNbHf agree with the available experimental values with high reliability. The developed approach, together with the constructed models of isolated clusters, can be recommended for predicting the lattice parameter and its distortion in new predictive multicomponent metalic compounds.
Thermal Misfit and Diffusion Induced Stresses of Cu-Al Intermetallics in Microelectronics Wire Bonding
Authors: Shariza Sharir , Anand T. Joseph Sahaya
Published: February 2024

The thermosonic bonding technique is a widely used method for Cu wire interconnections. However, issues arise due to volumetric changes in intermetallic compounds (IMCs) formed at the Cu-Al bonding interface, leading to voids in the Cu-Al IMC layer. This problem is exacerbated after annealing, such as in high-temperature Storage (HTS). In this study, a statistical modelling approach was employed to quantitatively analyse stress, studying the evolution and characteristics of the interfacial microstructure in the thermosonic Cu wire-Al bond pad system. Microstructural analysis focused on Cu-Al IMC crystallography and compositional classification. A stress model was proposed, considering both thermal misfit and diffusion-induced stresses. Results showed that interfacial stress generally increased with higher bonding temperatures. The influence of forming gas supply was relatively minor, with oxide layers minimally impeding Cu-Al interdiffusion during Cu-Al IMC formation. This stress modelling technique hold potential as a valuable failure analysis tool for implementing Cu wire in various industries.
Thermophysical Properties of Cu-Based Subsystems of High-Entropy Alloys
Authors: Plevachuk Yuriy , Romaka Lyubov , Janotova Irena , Svec Peter , Janičkovič Dusan , Novakovic Rada , Poverzhuk Viktor
Published: February 2024

According to the well-known concept of multicomponent high-entropy alloys, high entropy of mixing can stabilize the formation of solid solutions (simple bcc or fcc crystal structure) during solidification. Stabilization of the solid solution and prevention of the formation of intermetallic phases during solidification is provided by the high entropy of mixing in the solid and liquid states. High-entropy alloys have increased strength, high hardness, thermal stability in combination with good resistance to oxidation and corrosion. These properties allow to significantly expand the scope of these alloys. In this work, the electrical resistivity, thermoelectric power and surface tension of binary Cu–Sn, Cu–Ga and Cu–Bi alloys, which are the sub-system components of model low-temperature high-entropy Bi–Cu–Ga–Pb–Sn alloys, have been studied in a wide temperature range including solid and liquid states. The lack of the surface tension data of the above-mentioned alloys is compensated by the model predicted values.
Radiative MHD Boundary Layer Flow and Heat Transfer Characteristics of Fe-Casson Base Nanofluid over Stretching/Shrinking Surface
Authors: Memon M. Asif , Jacob Kavikumar , Lanjwani Hazoor Bux , Obalalu Adebowale Martins , Nagarajan D.
Published: February 2024

In this paper, there is considered MHD boundary layer flow and heat transfer characteristics of Fe-Casson base nanofluid over an exponentially stretching/shrinking surface along the heat source/sink and Newtonian heating effects. In this regard, to develop the system of the governing equations, the one phase model named as Tiwari and Das model is considered with iron nanoparticles. The non-linear governing PDEs are first changed into the system of ODEs using suitable similarity transformations. Later on, the equations are solved numerically by using bvp4c in Matlab software. Effects of certain physical parameters on skin friction coefficient and the local Nusselt number are illustrated graphically. Moreover, the velocity and temperature profiles are examined to observe the influence of various physical parameters such as, Casson, magnetic, suction, radiation, Newtonian heating, heat source/sink and the nanoparticles volume fractions. It is seen that an increase in Casson, magnetic, suction and the nanoparticle volume fractions decrease the velocity profiles for both shrinking and shrinking cases of surface. The temperature profile recedes due to augmentation of Prandlt number and the suction parameter for both stretching/shrinking case while increases with increase in Magnetic, radiation and nanoparticles volume fractions.
On the Analysis of Power Law Fluid over a Diamond Shaped Cylindrical Surface with Screen Boundary Conditions at High Reynolds Number
Authors: Memon Abid , Memon M. Asif , Shaikh G. , Obalalu Adebowale Martins
Published: February 2024

This study analyses physical aspects of power-law fluid flow over a diamond shaped cylinder under the impact of a movable screen fixed in the middle of a channel keeping an aspect ratio as 0.5 with height of the channel. The perforated plate is a screen at the middle especially settled at orientation of π/6, π/4 or π/3 degrees. The Reynolds number (Re) has been kept in the range of 1000-10,000 with power-law index in the range 0.8-1.2. For the corresponding two-dimensional problem, the governing momentum equations coupled with energy equation have been solved numerically using non-isothermal laminar fluid flow interface in the software COMSOL Multiphysics 5.4. The dimensionless velocity magnitude and the non-dimensional temperature on the diamond shaped cylinder along the vertical non-dimensional length are expressed via fixing any two parameters from (Re), angle of screen θ and power-law index. The heat transfer coefficient, effective thermal conductivity and the Nusselt number are also expressed besides the dimonsionless length of the surface of the chosen cylinder. In conclusion, we will be going to suggest points to increase the dynamics and thermal variables with the use of selected parameters Re, θ, and power law index n.
Improvement of laboratory testing services by implementation of quality assurance scheme
Authors: Singh A. , Sachan R. , Kumar S.
Published: February 2024

Introduction: The National AIDS Control Organization (NACO), Government of India and the Uttar Pradesh State AIDS Control Society (UPSACS) established the State Referral Laboratory (SRL) in the Department of Microbiology, Motilal Nehru Medical College, Prayagraj for HIV testing and monitoring of linked HIV Counselling and Testing Services (HCTS) in Uttar Pradesh.Methods: This is a retrospective study conducted from 2008 to 2021. In this evaluation period 10144 serum samples (9580 HIV negative, 555 HIV positive and 9 discordant) were received for retesting at SRL. The Quality Control serum samples received from testing sites consisted of 5% negative and 20% positive from all tested samples collected in the first seven days in the External Quality Assurance Scheme (EQAS) quarter month i.e. January, April, July and October. All samples were tested using rapid diagnostic kits procured by NACO/UPSACS with NACO testing strategy. All linked centres with SRL received 4 coded serum samples for proficiency testing (PT) which were tested similarly.Results: Of 10144 serum samples, 99.92% reported correct results and 0.08% reported discrepancy due to various issues. Similarly in the proficiency testing programme, of 4072 samples tested between 2010 to 2021 by testing sites, 4061 (99.07%) reported concordant results and the remaining14 (0.34%) samples reported indeterminate results. Of the 4072 samples, 14 shows discordant results by three different rapid tests based on different principles. Hands on training were provided for technicians who reported indeterminate results in PT or retesting.Conclusion: The tremendous increase in quality testing at peripheral centrally linked centres increase the reliability of HIV diagnosis at ground level. The study also concluded that continuous monitoring and mentoring of technicians of the diagnostic laboratories under EQAS improves their quality for HIV diagnosis.
Microbiological analysis of skin and soft tissue infections in children presenting to a paediatric tertiary care centre in Sri Lanka
Authors: Dilrukshi G. A. P. , Abeywardena M. , Yapa L.
Published: February 2024

Introduction: Skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) are a common cause of hospitalisation in children. They are diverse in spectrum, ranging from impetigo and abscesses to life threatening necrotising infections. The main pathogens associated with SSTIs are Staphylococccus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes. Emergence of community acquired methicillin resistant S. aureus (CA-MRSA) is of major concern when antibiotics are required, and it is important to know the prevalence of these pathogens in different geographic locations. This study was done with the aim of identifying and characterising the common bacterial pathogens implicated in SSTIs in children presenting to Sirimavo Bandaranaike Children’s Hospital (SBSCH), Peradeniya, Sri Lanka, which is one of the two paediatric referral hospitals in Sri Lanka.Method: A retrospective, descriptive study analysed data gathered from request forms accompanying pus and tissue sent for culture from patients with SSTIs to the SBSCH microbiology laboratory during a period of 13 months from January 2021 to January 2022.Results: Two hundred and ninety samples were received from suspected SSTIs of which 197 (67.9%) were positive for bacterial growth, with S. aureus present in 163 (83%). Methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA) was isolated from 113 (57%) and methicillin sensitive S. aureus (MSSA) from 50 (25%). The frequency of coliforms, Pseudomonas spp., and Group A streptococcus were 31 (16%), 3 (1.5%) and 4 (2%) respectively. Sensitivity of MRSA isolates to cotrimoxazole, clindamycin, ciprofloxacin and erythromycin were 97%, 86%,72% and 29% respectively. Among MSSA isolates, 94% were sensitive to cotrimoxazole, while sensitivity to clindamycin, ciprofloxacin and erythromycin were 74%, 67% and 40% respectively.Conclusion: MRSA was the most frequent pathogen associated with purulent SSTIs in children, followed by MSSA. One fourth of MSSA were resistant to ciprofloxacin and clindamycin. Ciprofloxacin and clindamycin resistance in MRSA was 15% and 28% respectively.
Sexually transmitted diseases and HIV co-infection among adult male patients in the 2022 monkeypox outbreak: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Abu-Hammad Osama , Arabiat Diana , Althagafi Nebras , Eshky Rawah , Abu-Hammad Abdalla , Jaber Abdul-Raheem , Jaber Abdel Rahman , Dar-Odeh Najla
Published: February 2024

Aim. This meta-analysis estimates the prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases (STIs) and HIV infection among male patients diagnosed with Monkeypox during the 2022 outbreak. The study also explores contextual factors associated with higher risk of monkeypox infection. Methods. A systematic review of literature was initially conducted through PubMed/ Medline, Scopus, and Google Scholar to retrieve observational studies describing demographics and medical characteristics of Monkeypox patients affected in the 2022 outbreak. The System for the Unified Management, Assessment, and Review of Information -Joanna Briggs Institute (SUMARI JBI) guidelines was used to conduct the meta-analysis of this review. All data relevant to prevalence of HIV and STIs in male patients diagnosed with Monkeypox were extracted and exported into the JBI SUMARI. To assess point prevalence of HIV and STIs, we used the Freeman-Tukey-type arcsine square root transformation to stabilize the variances of the raw proportions. All estimates were weighted and pooled by the inverse variance using a fixed-effects model. We then used a random model to account for sampling variation and reported heterogeneity in effect size noted across studies in the fixed-effect model. The I2 test statistic and P values were used to measure the heterogeneity between studies. Values of I2 test statistic results were interpreted as follows: low (25%), moderate (50%) and high (75%). Results. Six studies from Spain and the UK met the inclusion criteria. These studies described a total of 541 male patients with monkeypox, 214 of them were positive for HIV and 255 had other STIs. Overall estimated prevalence of HIV and STIs was 40% (95% CI = 0.31%, 0.50%; ᵡ2 = 15) and 43% (95% CI = 25%, 61%; ᵡ2 = 118), respectively. Outcomes indicated moderate to high heterogeneity in the overall analyses. Conclusions. Approximately four in ten male patients affected in the 2022 Monkeypox outbreak had HIV and/or other STIs. Necessary public health measures should target male and female patients who are at risk of Monkeypox infection to prevent the transmission of serious infections such as HIV and other STIs.
Perception and acceptance of medical photography among Arab dermatology patients: a cross-sectional analysis
Authors: AlSuhaymi Saba , Alghubaywi Faisal , AlHarthi Raghad , Al AlSheikh Afaf , AlJasser Mohammed I.
Published: February 2024

Background: Medical photography has been utilized in clinical, academic, and research settings. In conservative countries, such as Saudi Arabia, limited data reflect patients’ viewpoints on medical photography. Objectives: To assess patients’ opinions on medical photography and the factors influencing its acceptability. Methods: A cross-sectional study utilizing a self-distributed paper-based questionnaire was performed in the dermatology clinics at King Abdulaziz Medical City (Riyadh, Saudi Arabia) between February 2020 and January 2021. The response rate is 100% as only willing participants were handed a hard-copy survey and then retrieved once completed. Results: A total of 414 Saudi adults were enrolled. Medical photography was highly acceptable, fairly acceptable, and poorly acceptable in 36.7%, 11.6%, and 14.3% of the patients, respectively. Females were more accepting of medical photography than males (p = 0.041). Physicians were the most preferred choice as photographers (83%). Stating all intended use of the photographs was favored by the majority of patients. Using a department-owned camera was essential to 84%. Patients who never had their photographs taken previously were more unaccepting of medical photography than those with prior experience (p = 0.037). Limitations: the study was conducted at a single center; therefore, it may not represent the entire population. Conclusions: Medical photography is acceptable to the majority of patients. Meeting popular preferences, including physicians as photographers, using department-owned cameras, and stating all possible uses of the photographs may enhance patients’ experience. The findings offer insight for developing a standardized framework that is suitable for both patients and physicians.
Effectiveness and safety of the combination therapy of micro-needling and minoxidil in androgenetic alopecia of Indonesian men: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Adistri Kara , Sirait Sondang P. , Rihatmadja Rahadi , Legiawati Lili , Indriatmi Wresti , Saldi Siti R.F.
Published: February 2024

Introduction: Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is the most common type of hair loss. Treatment options are limited. Microneedling, a minimally invasive technique can enhance hair growth by releasing growth factors. However, standardized protocol regarding the frequency, depth and duration has not been available. This study aims to determine the effectiveness and safety of the combination therapy of microneedling and minoxidil in AGA. Methods: This study was a randomized controlled clinical trial conducted over 12 weeks. Intervention group: a combination therapy of 4-weekly microneedling and 5% minoxidil, and control group got topical 5% minoxidil alone. Hair density and diameter were assessed using FotoFinder® trichoscale every 4 weeks. Results: A total of 36 male participants, between 26-51 years old, with Hamilton-Norwood type III-VI AGA were included. At the end of study, a significant increase in hair density was observed in the intervention group compared to control (95.6 vs 52.4 hair/cm², p<0.001), as was in hair diameter (18 vs 6 μm, p=0.004). Side effects, included itching and transient erythema, were well tolerated. Conclusion: The combination of 4-weekly microneedling and topical 5% minoxidil is effective in increasing both hair density and hair diameter, and safe to use in AGA patients.
Difference in learning attention between career and non-career parents during the COVID-19 pandemic in elementary school children
Authors: Ilmiasih Reni , Permatasari Ratih , Alifatin Aini , Anggraini Ika Rizki , Aini Nurul
Published: February 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic has prompted Indonesian students to transition from traditional to online learning. The role of parents, both career and non-career, in focusing on paying attention to their children's learning has also changed. The study aimed to compare learning attention between parents with careers and parents without careers before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. This study was a comparative design with a questionnaire as the instrument. The variable measured is elementary school children's learning attention. A total sampling technique was employed, involving 64 respondents. The Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test and Mann-Whitney U Test were used in data analysis. The findings indicated a significant difference in the learning attention of parents with careers before and after the COVID-19 pandemic (p-value = 0.000). Similarly, parents without careers also exhibited a significant difference in learning attention before and after the pandemic (p-value = 0.000). Notably, within both the career and non-career parent groups, there was a substantial difference in the learning attention provided to their children before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. These results highlight the significant impact of the pandemic on parental involvement in their children's education. The findings emphasize the need for parents to be conscious of their responsibilities in the face of the unique demands posed by the pandemic, underlining the crucial role they play in supporting their children's education.
The Dangerous Construction of National; Religious and Moral Identities in the Ukrainian War
Authors: Vogt Markus
Published: February 2024

The Russian invasion of Ukraine violates fundamental norms of international law and is at the same time an attack on the order of values of liberal democratic societies. The long prepared, ideologically based aggression was massive underestimated. In the foreground of the war are not rationally comprehensible interests, but identity-related conflicts of recognition with their very own grammar of uncompromisingness and power dynamics. For Russia, Ukraine and Europe, the scholarly reappraisal of the highly divergent identity constructions is of central importance. The theological critique of a nationalist-identitarian-political use of the Christian faith is an important peace service that the churches have to perform.
Perspectives to Fight Viruses. The Example of Sars-CoV-2
Authors: Demetzos Costas , Vlamos Panagiotis , Vlachakis Dimitrios
Published: February 2024

Coronaviruses well studied in the past provide scientific tools and knowledge that is used for identifying the molecular basis of the new SARS-CoV-2. It belongs to complex systems and its evolution and mutations must be observed under the lens of the nonlinearity as it is far from the equilibrium conditions. The new properties that SARS-CoV-2 carries were incubated for a long time in microcosm refining its information content. Various animal species acted as transmitters of SARS-CoV-2 to human beings. In this perspective article, we argue that the infection ability of the new virus can correlate with its thermodynamic payload. Design: We suggest that by identifying the thermodynamic content and biophysical profile of the viruses’ proteins using a mathematical framework of nonlinear complex systems, we can simulate its molecular origin and design weapons for fighting it. We suggest discovering for artificial ‘decision-making’ nano-platforms that can decrypt the ‘crypted information code’ of viruses that permit their mutation process taking place not randomly but based on the self-assembly process of its nucleotides following the micro and macro environmental conditions. Main outcomes: Our proposition is to design nanoplatforms (decision making nanocarriers) that can carry thermodynamic variables that could interrupt the mutations, virulence, and proliferation. This approach is innovative and is a challenge that should be checked in the future. This concept needs generous funding by governments for supporting intelligence and innovative research projects. Mainly, we need solidarity between nations to shield the health of societies.
Poetics of Hypertimbralism in Music
Authors: Teodorescu-Ciocanea Livia
Published: February 2024

My presentation is an attempt to introduce and clarify an original concept which I called Hypertimbralism, that refers to music based on Hypertimbre as the foundation for musical composition. It points to either orchestral, chamber or solo instruments music which relies on unusual timbre involving polyspectral energy. In contemporary music, two factors led to the arousal of Timbre-based aesthetics: sound mass (very dense textures) and extended instrumental techniques. Hypertimbralism embraces already written music and at the same time opens imagination for new insights in this matter. A poetics of hypertimbralism would provide a musicological background for composition based on an enhanced vocabulary of timbre and on a higher understanding of timbre perception.
The Artistic Complexity of the Antikythera Mechanism: A Comprehensive Tutorial
Authors: Efstathiou Kyriakos , Efstathiou Marianna , Basiakoulis Alexandros
Published: February 2024

Recovered in 1901, from a first-century BC shipwreck, the Antikythera Mechanism is considered to be the oldest extant complex geared device. It was constructed in ~150 BCE and was essentially an analog computer, an astronomical and calendrical device, designed to predict astronomical phenomena, such as lunar and solar eclipses, to maintain calendar accuracy and to predict the dates of Panhellenic Games. The device was operated manually by a user, setting a date in a dial. All necessary calculations were made using a set of gears (at least 39), while the results were displayed on several scientific scales. The Mechanism’s miniature size, the elaborate gear trains, the use of eccentrical gears and the employment of a pin–and–slot gear system to calculate the anomalous orbit of the Moon, demonstrate that the Greek mechanicians of the Hellenistic period had become far more skillful in designing geared devices than the surviving written sources imply. Geared devices matching the complexity of the Antikythera Mechanism would not appear again in Europe until the mechanical clocks of the thirteenth century. The aim of this paper is to present this ancient elaborate device in the most comprehensible way.
Onsite serious adverse events reporting: Seven-year experience of the institutional ethics committee of a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Shetty Yashashri Chandrakant , Auti Prajakta D. , Aithal Yashoda Ramachandra
Published: February 2024

Background:

Over the years, Indian regulations have undergone numerous amendments, including stringent reporting deadlines, relatedness requirements, and compensation obligations for serious adverse event (SAE). A historic change, new drugs and trial rules-2019, was proposed on March 19, 2019. The purpose of the study was to ascertain whether various stakeholders were reporting in accordance with the evolving SAE criteria.

Materials and Methods:

Data were retrieved after the Ethics Committee’s approval between August 2014 and December 2021. Data gathered before March 19, 2019, were categorized as “BEFORE” data, while the remaining data were categorized as “AFTER.” Utilizing causality, on-site SAE reporting, and the ethics committee review procedure, we evaluated the compliance. The data were evaluated using descriptive statistics, and the Chi-square or Mann–Whitney tests were used to compare the “BEFORE” and “AFTER” groups.

Results:

A total of 77 SAEs were reported in 26 clinical trials, where most clinical trials were phase III. Endocrine projects made up 9/26 (34.61%). In the cardiology studies, the greatest SAE distribution was 21 SAEs/89 participants (23.59%) with approximately 48% of these being vascular. The “AFTER” group noticed a decrease in the total number and length of SAE subcommittee meetings. In the “AFTER” group, there was a significantly higher median number of agenda items/meetings (8 [4.5–10.75]) (P < 0.0001). The median interval between the onset of SAE and the first reporting date, however, was just 1 day (interquartile range: 1–5 days). In nondeath SAEs, there was no significant difference in the compensation paid. In the “AFTER” group, there were no discrepancies in reporting SAE.

Conclusion:

There is acceptable adherence to SAE reporting criteria.
Predicting skin permeation-enhancing effect of fixed oils using saturated to unsaturated fatty acid ratio content
Authors: Adeoye-Aremu T. , Jaiyeoba K.T.
Published: February 2024

Background: Transdermal drug delivery is non-invasive and advantageous as it improves patient compliance.

Objective: This study evaluated the effect of varying ratios of saturated to unsaturated fatty acids in fixed oils on the permeation of ibuprofen across pig dorsal skin.

Methods: The solubility of ibuprofen in soybean oil, theobroma oil, and shea butter (fixed oils) was evaluated and in vitro skin permeation studies were conducted using Franz diffusion cells.

Results: A significant difference in permeability parameters, such as flux and effective skin permeability, in the different formulations was observed. Skin permeation depended on the ratio of saturated to unsaturated fatty acids. It also depended on the type and concentration of individual saturated and unsaturated fatty acids present in the fixed oils. The skin permeation of ibuprofen increased with an increasing ratio of palmitic acid (PA) to oleic acid (OA) concentrations. The highest flux was obtained in the theobroma oil formulation, with a PA:OA ratio of 0.78. The lowest flux was obtained in the shea butter formulation, with a PA:OA ratio of 0.09. The PA:OA ratio was 0.46 in the soybean oil formulation.

Conclusion: These results suggest that the ratio of saturated to unsaturated fatty acids in fixed oils could be used as a model for predicting the rate of skin permeation of drugs in oil-based formulations. Depending on the desired rate of drug permeation, different combinations of the ratio of saturated to unsaturated fatty acids can be used in formulations for transdermal delivery.
Toxic effects of clindamycin-hydrochloride in healthy rodents
Authors: Onyegbula K.C. , Edonkumoh M.
Published: February 2024

Background: Systemic administration of clindamycin-hydrochloride (an antibiotic) is mainly associated with gastro-intestinal disturbances and allergic reactions. Little is known of its haematological and biochemical toxicity.

Objective: To evaluate the haematological and biochemical changes associated with indiscriminate administration of oral clindamycin-hydrochloride in clinically healthy rodents.

Materials and Methods: Twenty Wistar rats (130-189 grams) divided into four groups (A-D) of five rats each were used. Rats in group A (control) were treated with distilled water. Groups B-D received 0.2mL (below normal dose), 0.4mL (normal dose) and 1.0mL (above normal dose) of clindamycin-hydrochloride (75mg/5mL) at 8 hourly intervals, three times daily for 14 days, respectively. Thereafter, blood was collected through both ocular and cardiac puncture into ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid (EDTA) and lithium heparin bottles for evaluation of haematological and biochemical parameters, respectively.

Results: Significant (P < 0.05) increases in total white blood cell (WBC) counts and decreases in eosinophil (Eos) counts occurred in clindamycin-treated rats. In addition, significant (P < 0.05) increases in concentrations of Total cholesterol, Triglyceride and High-density lipoprotein, respectively, as well as decreases in concentrations of Albumin, Alanine transaminase and Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, respectively also occurred in clindamycin-treated rats.

Conclusion: Indiscriminate use of clindamycin-hydrochloride produces adverse haematological and biochemical changes in Wistar rats which may be a reflection of systemic toxicity, allergic reaction as well as liver and kidney dysfunction.
Medicamentos isentos de prescrição (MIP): o farmacêutico pode prescrever, mas ele sabe o que são?
Authors: Mota K de Faria , Pereira M Linhares , Coelho E Baptista , Reis T Marques dos , Nascimento M Martins Gonzaga do , Obreli-Neto P Roque , Baldoni A Oliveira
Published: February 2024

RESUMO Introdução: Medicamentos isentos de prescrição (MIP) representam expressiva parcela de comercialização no mercado farmacêutico mundial e brasileiro e possuem importância no manejo de problemas de saúde autolimitados e na automedicação responsável, por meio da atuação clínica do farmacêutico. Assim, o objetivo do trabalho foi identificar os MIP mais comumente dispensados em farmácias comunitárias da região metropolitana de Belo Horizonte, bem como o perfil de conhecimentos dos farmacêuticos em relação a categorização legal desta classe de medicamentos. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo em que foram convidados a participar, via e-mail, todos os farmacêuticos responsáveis técnicos por farmácias comunitárias da região metropolitana de Belo Horizonte-MG (n=1.624; Outubro a Dezembro de 2017). A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de questionário disponível na plataforma Google Docs®, onde requisitou-se aos farmacêuticos que listassem os cinco MIP mais dispensados por eles nos últimos 12 meses. Resultados: Foram obtidas respostas de 108 farmacêuticos. Os MIP mais dispensados constituem fármacos ou associações de fármacos com efeitos analgésico e/ou anti-inflamatório. Além disso 35,2% dos farmacêuticos listaram ao menos um medicamento não considerado isento de prescrição. Dentre 468 medicamentos citados, 54 representavam medicamentos sob prescrição médica. Conclusão: Os dados encontrados indicam uma lacuna no conhecimento desses farmacêuticos em relação à categorização legal de medicamentos, a qual pode acarretar em implicações legais e em resultados clínicos negativos. Neste sentido, torna-se essencial desenvolver estratégias, por meio de aprimoramentos e educação, visando suprir problemas de conhecimentos e condutas profissionais.
Protocolo de desensibilización a levofloxacino en paciente con infección osteoarticular. A propósito de un caso
Authors: Selvi Sabater P , Montero Pérez O , Fajardo Picó JM
Published: February 2024

RESUMEN Las reacciones alérgicas y cutáneas para fluoroquinolonas las presentan entre el 0,4% y el 2,2% de los pacientes. Se presenta un protocolo de desensibilización por vía intravenosa que se desarrolla en 4 horas con dosis de 0,05 mg hasta una dosis acumulada de 750 mg.
Development of Corona Prevention Coatings for 750kV Substation in Operation
Authors: Yan Xie , Cheng Tang , Mu Li , Jing Liu
Published: February 2024

A single acrylic resin has poor conductivity and toughness, but strong hydrophilicity, which limits its application in high-voltage transmission corona prevention. In response to this issue, this article investigates the preparation of four types of acrylic composite conductive coatings with different additions of carbon fiber powder, multi-walled carbon nanotubes, and nano titanium dioxide. Through experimental testing, compare and analyze the effects of various fillers on the mechanical properties, conductivity, hydrophobicity, and heat resistance of acrylic composite conductive coatings. The experimental results show that the acrylic conductive coating prepared with thermoplastic acrylic resin as the matrix, carbon fiber powder and multi-walled carbon nanotubes as conductive fillers, and nano titanium dioxide as a self-cleaning agent has excellent performance characteristics in all aspects, and is suitable for corona prevention in ultra-high voltage transmission. This acrylic composite coating can be used to repair burrs and scratches on the surface of transmission lines, fill gaps in stranded wires, and achieve the goal of reducing the local electric field of high-voltage transmission lines to prevent wire corona.