bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Entrepreneurship research: the French literature in perspective
Authors: BORGES ALEX FERNANDO , ENOQUE ALESSANDRO GOMES
Published: January 2021

Resumo O objetivo do presente artigo consistiu em revisar a literatura em empreendedorismo publicada em língua francesa. Para tanto, estruturou-se uma revisão de escopo dos artigos listados em periódicos relevantes para o contexto francófono da produção científica em empreendedorismo (LASCH e YAMI, 2008): Management International; Revue Française de Gestion; e Revue Internationale PME, com base nos critérios de inclusão e exclusão detalhados e estabelecidos na metodologia do mapeamento. Isso possibilitou a categorização de 166 artigos que abordam a temática, publicados entre 2006 e 2019. Os textos foram analisados e categorizados em torno da distribuição dos artigos entre os periódicos, sua distribuição anual, principais temas de pesquisa, tipo de abordagem, escolhas metodológicas e principais autores do campo. Os resultados indicaram predominância de temáticas específicas na produção francófona, como: fomento ao empreendedorismo, intraempreendedorismo, processo empreendedor e oportunidades, empreendedorismo feminino, finanças, educação empreendedora, perfil e comportamento empreendedor, intenção empreendedora, motivações ao empreendedorismo e empreendedorismo social. Houve predominância de estudos teórico-empíricos, de natureza qualitativa, mas também com espaço significativo para ensaios teóricos sobre o tema. Verificou-se, ainda, a participação de um conjunto de autores centrais que produzem, pesquisam e disseminam resultados de suas investigações sobre empreendedorismo. Com isso, nota-se a constituição de um campo de pesquisas francófono em empreendedorismo plural e multifacetado, que apresenta possibilidades e alternativas teórico-metodológicas para a realização de estudos e investigações sobre o fenômeno empreendedor.
Public-private health and urban mobility partnerships in the State of Bahia: current situation, projects and main agents involved
Authors: SILVA MAINA PIRAJÁ , CARVALHO SILVANA SÁ DE , SANTANA MARIANA DE OLIVEIRA
Published: January 2021

Resumo O trabalho tem por objetivo identificar as parcerias público-privadas (PPPs) existentes no estado da Bahia; avaliar e comparar, por meio de estudos de caso das parcerias de saúde e mobilidade urbana, a efetividade delas mediante o exame da estruturação de projetos, implementação e funcionamento das concessões; e ponderar sobre os agentes públicos e privados envolvidos e suas articulações. Além disso, foi realizada uma análise dessas PPPs a fim de compreender a complexidade desses arranjos contratuais. A pesquisa utilizou uma metodologia qualitativa, de cunho exploratório e descritivo, empregando os métodos de procedimentos monográfico e comparativo. Os resultados mostraram que a Bahia tem avançado na provisão de serviços públicos e de infraestrutura por meio dessas parcerias, com projetos pioneiros que abrangem uma heterogeneidade de agentes públicos e privados, nacionais e internacionais, formando uma rede de poder dinâmica. No entanto, existem também críticas a esse tipo de parceria, em virtude dos riscos de não cumprimento de seus propósitos no sistema de governança e em longo prazo, pelas obrigações financeiras para os futuros contribuintes.
O Conselho Tutelar e as políticas públicas para crianças e adolescentes
Authors: PASE HEMERSON LUIZ , CUNHA GABRIELE PADILHA , BORGES MÁRCIA LEITE , PATELLA ANA PAULA DUPUY
Published: January 2021

Resumo O sistema de proteção à criança e ao adolescente foi normatizado no Brasil com a promulgação da Constituição Federal, a criação do Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente (ECA), bem como do Conselho Tutelar. Neste trabalho, analisa-se o papel do Conselho Tutelar na consolidação da proteção e da fiscalização dos direitos de crianças e adolescentes no município de Pelotas. As hipóteses parcialmente comprovadas afirmam que o Conselho Tutelar tem o protagonismo protetivo e educativo quando da ausência ou omissão dos pais ou familiares. Todavia o isolamento e fragmentação do sistema de proteção, além da postura reativa dos conselheiros e a falta de infraestrutura no trabalho dificultam a efetividade da política. A estratégia metodológica baseou-se na análise qualitativa, e as informações primárias foram obtidas com o auxílio da técnica da entrevista em profundidade.
The Guardianship Council and public policy for children and adolescents
Authors: PASE HEMERSON LUIZ , CUNHA GABRIELE PADILHA , BORGES MÁRCIA LEITE , PATELLA ANA PAULA DUPUY
Published: January 2021

Resumo O sistema de proteção à criança e ao adolescente foi normatizado no Brasil com a promulgação da Constituição Federal, a criação do Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente (ECA), bem como do Conselho Tutelar. Neste trabalho, analisa-se o papel do Conselho Tutelar na consolidação da proteção e da fiscalização dos direitos de crianças e adolescentes no município de Pelotas. As hipóteses parcialmente comprovadas afirmam que o Conselho Tutelar tem o protagonismo protetivo e educativo quando da ausência ou omissão dos pais ou familiares. Todavia o isolamento e fragmentação do sistema de proteção, além da postura reativa dos conselheiros e a falta de infraestrutura no trabalho dificultam a efetividade da política. A estratégia metodológica baseou-se na análise qualitativa, e as informações primárias foram obtidas com o auxílio da técnica da entrevista em profundidade.
Desafios da coordenação federativa da Política de Assistência Social: o papel dos estados no financiamento
Authors: TEIXEIRA ISABELA DE VASCONCELOS , COSTA BRUNO LAZZAROTTI DINIZ
Published: January 2021

Resumo O artigo analisa o grau, a variação e os determinantes da corresponsabilidade do financiamento da política de assistência social pelos entes estaduais, verificando a contribuição dos mecanismos de coordenação e indução federativa, apontados por vários autores como fatores de sucesso. Com a revisão da literatura sobre federalismo e determinantes da descentralização de políticas sociais no Brasil, realizou-se uma análise documental e de dados quantitativos sobre a configuração e o cofinanciamento realizado pelos Estados, por meio dos Fundos Estaduais de Assistência Social, entre 2000 e 2018. Analisou-se ainda se os mecanismos de indução e coordenação representaram um aumento dos gastos no setor. Os resultados apontaram que, de um lado, eles foram capazes de produzir efeito no conjunto dos estados, mas, de outro, geraram grande heterogeneidade nas responsabilidades federativas entre eles.
Comunidade Noiva do Cordeiro: contribuições por meio de elementos de um sistema baseado em uma economia substantiva
Authors: MORAIS LUIZ PAULO RIGUEIRA DE , XAVIER WESCLEY SILVA , PINHEIRO DANIEL CALBINO
Published: January 2021

Resumo Este estudo investigou como ocorreram a formação e a interação de um sistema econômico alternativo na comunidade Noiva do Cordeiro-MG com as dinâmicas da Economia Mercantil. Para atingir este objetivo, realizou-se uma investigação qualitativa valendo-se de uma etnográfica desenvolvida na comunidade rural. Baseado nas teorias da sociologia econômica de Marcel Mauss e de Karl Polanyi, este trabalho sinaliza que os aspectos da dádiva e da reciprocidade nas relações produtivas foram fundamentais para a reprodução de uma forte lógica solidária. Mediante princípios, estruturas e instituições muito próprios, em que o dinheiro tem uma importância bem limitada, os achados apontam que a comunidade desenvolveu um sistema diferenciado reproduzindo múltiplas lógicas econômicas, a despeito da tensão resultante de uma economia de mercado.
Mulheres na política: emoções e desafios em dinâmicas institucionais complexas
Authors: FERNANDES CAMILLA , LOURENÇO MARIANE LEMOS , FROHLICH SAMANTHA , SILVA DIOGO ESPEJO DA , KAI FLÁVIA OBARA
Published: January 2021

Abstract Seminal studies about institutional theory highlighted the focus on cognitive issues in research on institutions. However, during the last few years, a growing body of literature has also been devoted to understanding the role of emotions in institutional dynamics. In one of the classic texts on institutional theory, Scott emphasizes three institutional pillars, the regulatory, the normative, and the cognitive. Researchers point out that there is now a fourth pillar: the role of emotions in institutional theory. This article explores the emotions’ role in institutional dynamics, especially related to women’s political participation in the 2018 Brazilian elections. Three cases of female candidates who showed high performance in pre-election polls, were discussed. The research analyzed the candidates’ interviews and social media, observing their emotions in publications and expressions. Also, emotional expressions of society toward the studied candidates, as well as expressions potentially reflecting the institutional dynamic present in the Brazilian political arrangement, were analyzed. The main results show that during the 2018 Brazilian electoral campaign, in the face of the institutionalization of a masculine environment on the political scenario, the society expressed emotions of hatred and aggression against the three candidates since they violated institutional arrangements about behaviors considered acceptable in the dominant institutional logic. Despite this, two of the three female candidates were elected with the highest number of votes in their states, surpassing their male competitors. The candidate who was not elected obtained a significant number of votes.
Do sagrado ao profano: aproximações entre a teologia cristã e a administração
Authors: NEUTGEM ALINE VAN , DELLAGNELO ELOISE HELENA LIVRAMENTO
Published: January 2021

Resumo Este ensaio teórico procurou realizar uma aproximação entre a administração e a teologia cristã. Para tanto, a partir, principalmente, das ideias de Agamben (2008), procurou-se estabelecer relações entre aspectos relativos à teologia cristã e sua ordem trinitária com as características de organizações burocráticas e flexíveis, no intuito de desvelar a sacralidade e a deidade presente nessas organizações, a despeito da ideia de secularização e racionalidade, no sentido weberiano, impetrada às mesmas. A partir dessas relações e da observação de um novo tipo de sacralização nessas organizações que, sem romper com o ideário divino, tornam sagrado o poder econômico, o dinheiro, a técnica e a lógica formal sobre tudo o mais, advoga-se pela profanação do sagrado. Entende-se que essa saída pode se dar por meio das reflexões acerca da inoperosidade e sua relação com a política e a estética, que remetem a uma nova possibilidade de uso do prazer, do desejo e do corpo.
“Vão achar que é uma piada, mas, para nós, não!”: discursos de resistência em clubes brasileiros de futebol gay
Authors: CASTRO GUSTAVO HENRIQUE CARVALHO DE , SIQUEIRA MARCUS VINICIUS SOARES
Published: January 2021

Resumo No futebol, a discriminação contra homossexuais é perpetrada pela injúria homofóbica, ato performativo de fala que silencia e afasta indivíduos gays do referido esporte, reforçando o culto à masculinidade hegemônica. Como reação, clubes de futebol gay têm emergido para proporcionar a participação dos homossexuais no esporte. Reconhecendo a relevância dessas iniciativas como práticas de resistência, neste artigo são analisados discursos de resistência à heteronormatividade sustentados por jogadores de clubes de futebol gay. Para tal, foram entrevistados 22 jogadores gays integrantes dos referidos clubes presentes em nove capitais brasileiras. Os relatos, interpretados sob a ótica da análise do discurso de Foucault, revelaram três discursos de resistência permeando tais iniciativas: ressignificação da injúria pelo humor; regras de interação; e silenciamentos e invisibilidades. Conclui-se que os discursos operam em uma lógica dual, produzindo enunciados que, embora tensionem a ordem gênero-sexualidade e o regime do armário, não impedem a persistência de enunciados que, paradoxalmente, atuam reforçando estes dispositivos heteronormativos.
The COVID-19 pandemic and the state: is it emerging a new configuration of public administration
Authors: VIDAL JOSEP PONT
Published: January 2021

Resumen Como consecuencia de los impactos causados por la pandemia de COVID-19, el Estado ha acelerado reformas ya iniciadas referentes a su alcance, responsabilidades y modelo. Estas también han tenido impacto en la administración pública y en su autonomía y configuración. En escenario deviene de una situación de contingencia, que puede significar un horizonte de posibilidades no imposibles, lo que equivale a un horizonte abierto a cambios. El Estado puede orientarse hacia estructuras y métodos horizontales y participativos, o hacia jerarquías verticales y centralizadas. En esta situación extraordinaria de complejidad, contingencia e incertidumbre, parece necesario cuestionar los conceptos y metodologías teóricas disponibles en las áreas de estudio de la Ciencia Política y la Administración. A partir de estas cuestiones, los ilustramos con la dirección que se está perfilando en el Estado y la administración en Brasil.
Reinforcing the concept of social management
Authors: TENÓRIO FERNANDO GUILHERME , ARAÚJO EDGILSON TAVARES DE
Published: January 2021

Resumo Este artigo busca repetir, uma vez mais, o conceito de gestão social, que talvez seja um sonho que pode não se realizar, dadas as condições de “temperatura e pressão” sob as quais vivemos na contemporaneidade. Não obstante, a resistência conceitual deve ser o motivo para que possamos reagir ao que consideramos predominante na hodierna área da Administração: a gestão estratégica. Assim, a repetição de um tema que, desde o início dos anos 1990, vem sendo apresentado à academia brasileira é um caminhar em busca de uma qualificação melhor para o conceito central deste texto: a gestão social. Para tanto, apesar de estarmos no início do século XXI, recorremos ao fim do século XVIII, a fim de aproximar o conceito de gestão social dos parâmetros iluministas dessa centúria. Iluminismo ou barbárie? Eis a questão.
Instrumentos da prática clínica com versão em português e a abrangência de seus conteúdos usando a CIF como referência: uma revisão sistemática
Authors: Scharan Karoleen Oswald , Bernardelli Rafaella Stradiotto , Corrêa Katren Pedroso , Moser Auristela Duarte de Lima
Published: January 2021

RESUMO A prática clínica tem sido subsidiada por instrumentos que permitem acessar e registrar informações de funcionalidade e saúde dos indivíduos. Uma forma de conhecer qual conteúdo da Classificação Internacional de Funcionalidade, Incapacidade e Saúde (CIF) os instrumentos contemplam é usá-la como referência para auxiliar o profissional na escolha do mais adequado para acessar informações biopsicossociais. O objetivo foi identificar instrumentos da prática clínica em saúde que tiveram seu conteúdo ligado com a CIF e a existência de versão na língua portuguesa deles. Para tanto foi realizada uma revisão sistemática nas bases de dados SciELO Brasil, Lilacs e PubMed com os descritores “CIF”, “questionário” e “regra de ligação” em português e inglês. Três pesquisadores independentes realizaram a seleção, e o nível de concordância foi obtido pelo coeficiente Kappa. Os critérios de elegibilidade foram: estudos primários de ligação de conteúdo de questionários, escalas, índices e checklists com a CIF publicados após 2001 em língua portuguesa ou inglesa. Foram incluídos 61 artigos, sendo 19 de origem brasileira. Dos 250 instrumentos ligados à CIF, 158 (63,2%) apresentaram versão em português sendo que dos 37 que mais se repetiram nos estudos, dois não apresentam essa versão. O coeficiente Kappa mostrou concordância entre moderada e boa (p<0,001). Este estudo apresentou um panorama da ligação de conteúdo de instrumentos da prática clínica à CIF identificando quais têm versão em língua portuguesa, o que contribuirá para o potencial fortalecimento da abordagem biopsicossocial dos profissionais de saúde.
Abordagem fisioterapêutica da incontinência urinária em idosos na atenção primária em saúde
Authors: Freitas Crislainy Vieira , Capela Ilva Lana Balieiro , Caldas Sandy Amara Costa Silva de , Almeida Thais Monteiro Góes
Published: January 2021

RESUMO O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os benefícios da abordagem fisioterapêutica da IU em idosos em uma unidade básica de saúde (UBS) de Belém (PA). Trata-se de uma proposta para treinamento dos músculos do assoalho pélvico (MAP) em 10 encontros semanais com atividades progressivas. Foram incluídos idosos de ambos os sexos, e excluídos os indivíduos com prejuízo cognitivo, instabilidade hemodinâmica e mobilidade impossibilitada, além dos idosos com participação inferior a 50% dos encontros. Foi realizada avaliação por meio de dados sociodemográficos e clínicos, e da QV, por meio do King’s Health Questionaire (KHQ), que foi reaplicado ao final dos encontros. A amostra inicial contou com 10 idosos, com idade de 70,3±5,01 anos, sendo 80% do sexo feminino, 80% dos idosos relataram cirurgias pélvicas prévias, prolapsos em 3 idosos, destes, 2 eram de bexiga. Os domínios do KHQ com escores mais altos, e consequente pior QV, foram impacto da IU (54,1±24,8), percepção de saúde (43,7±11,5) e medidas de gravidade (31,2±23,8). Houve significância estatística em vários domínios da QV dos idosos submetidos a abordagem fisioterapêutica, demonstrando que, mesmo em um nível mais baixo de atenção à saúde é possível ter efeitos relevantes sobre a IU e a QV desse público.
ASSISTANCE TO PLANNED HOME CHILDBIRTH: PROFESSIONAL TRAJECTORY AND SPECIFICITIES OF THE OBSTETRIC NURSE CARE
Authors: Oliveira Thalita Rocha , Barbosa Alessandra Franco , Alves Valdecyr Herdy , Rodrigues Diego Pereira , Dulfe Paolla Amorim Malheiros , Maciel Vivian Linhares
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the professional trajectory of obstetric nurses, who work in planned home childbirth. Method: a descriptive and exploratory study with a qualitative approach, conducted with 12 obstetric nurses who work in planned home childbirth. The participants were recruited using the non-probabilistic Snowball Sampling technique. In this perspective, semi-structured interviews were used, applied during the months of August to November 2018, in private places in the city of Rio de Janeiro. The collected data were submitted to content analysis in the thematic modality. Results: the research pointed out the value of experience and professional training - important milestones - in the setting of planned home childbirth, and motivators for the work of the professionals, as they enable autonomy. It is also emphasized the need for the obstetric nurse to acquire different skills for home childbirth, not covered during the training process. Conclusion: the results consolidate that obstetric nurses, who work in planned home childbirth and have a professional trajectory focused on the constant theoretical improvement associated with an approximation with “experts” in the area, provide experience, safety and quality of obstetric care, as well as autonomous action, in this care-related setting.
BIRTH WEIGHT AND OVERWEIGHT IN ADOLESCENTS: THE ERICA PROJECT IN THE CITY OF RECIFE, PERNAMBUCO
Authors: Gomes Kamilla Brianni de Araújo , Leal Vanessa Sá , Oliveira Juliana Souza , Pereira Crislaine Gonçalves da Silva , Gonçalves Fabiana Cristina Lima da Silva Pastich , Andrade Izabel Siqueira de , Eickmann Sophie Helena , Lira Pedro Israel Cabral de , Lima Marilia de Carvalho
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: To verify the association of anthropometric parameters at birth, socioeconomic and biological variables, physical activity, and parental nutritional status with overweight and abdominal obesity in adolescents. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out on 39 public and private schools in Recife (state of Pernambuco, Brazil). The sample consisted of 1,081 teenagers aged from 12 to 17 years. Data were collected from the Study of Cardiovascular Risks in Adolescents (ERICA). Body mass index according to age (BMI-for-age), waist circumference (WC), and waist-to-height ratio (WtHR) were considered as outcome variables, whereas the explanatory variables were birth weight, Röhrer’s Ponderal Index (RPI), biological and socioeconomic variables, physical activity, and parental nutritional status. The crude and adjusted prevalence ratios (PR) for the studied association were estimated by Poisson Regression. Results: The multivariate Poisson regression showed that the variable that remained significantly associated with overweight in adolescence was maternal overweight, PR=1.86 (95% confidence interval [95%CI] 1.09-3.17). High birth weight also remained significantly associated with abdominal obesity assessed by WC, PR=3.25 (95%CI 1.0-9.74). Conclusions: High birth weight may be a marker for abdominal obesity in adolescence; and high maternal BMI, for overweight.
USE OF OFF-LABEL MEDICATIONS IN A NEONATAL INTENSIVE CARE UNIT
Authors: Koszma Erica Inez Alves , Bispo Ana Jovina Barreto , Santana Isabelle Araujo de Oliveira , Santos Catharine Natielle Oliveira Dias Belarmino dos
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: This paper aims to analyze the use of off label (OL) medicines, according to the National Regulatory Agency, in a neonatal intensive care unit of a high-risk maternity hospital in Northeast Brazil. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out, using a convenience sample of newborns that used mechanical ventilation at the Intensive Care Unit. As a reference, OL medications were considered for those without an approval for newborn usage by the Brazilian Health Regulatory Agency (Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária - ANVISA) and by the Food and Drugs Administration (FDA). Results: The sample consisted of 158 newborns, 58.3% male, 87.7% premature, and 70.2% of low or very low birth weight. According to ANVISA, 440 out of the 1,167 prescriptions analyzed were OL, with 98.1% of newborns exposed to at least one of these drugs. According to the FDA, 484 prescriptions were OL, with 75.8% of newborns exposed to at least one of them. Anti-infectives were the most prescribed OL medications. Neonates who presented respiratory failure and pneumonia used these drugs more often; and there was no relation between their use and the number of deaths. Conclusions: Nearly all newborns at the Intensive Care Units, mainly preterm infants, are exposed to at least one off-label (OL) medication during hospital stay, according to the national and international regulatory agencies. No association was found between off-label prescriptions and the frequency of complications or neonatal deaths.
National trends in age-standardized mortality attributable to hypertension in Peru
Authors: Herrera-Añazco Percy , Atamari-Anahui Noé , Ccorahua-Rios Maycol Suker , Amaya Elard
Published: January 2021

Abstract Introduction: Hypertension (HTN) is a public health problem. The prevalence and mortality rates are significantly higher in middle and low-income countries, such as Peru. This study aimed to determine the trend of mortality attributable to HTN for the 2005-2016 period in Peru. Methods: We conducted a secondary analysis based on death certificates provided by the Ministry of Health. We applied linear regression models to test the HTN mortality rate trend. Results: The age-standardized HTN mortality per 100,000 inhabitants decreased from 14.43 for the 2005 to 2010 period to 11.12 for the 2011 to 2016 period. The coast was the natural region with the highest decrease in mortality rate. Moreover, Tumbes, Callao, and Lambayeque were regions with the highest decline in mortality rate. Conclusion: The age-standardized mortality attributable to HTN decreased in Peru, with variations in both natural and political regions of the country.
AN ENGAGED UNIVERSITY: RESCUING SMEs DURING THE COVID-19 CRISIS
Authors: BRAUNER DANIELA FRANCISCO , REICHERT FERNANDA MACIEL , JANISSEK-MUNIZ RAQUEL , ZEN AURORA CARNEIRO , MENEZES DANIELA CALLEGARO DE , CLOSS LISIANE QUADRADO , CARRARO WENDY BEATRIZ WITT HADDAD , RUPPENTHAL CARLA SIMONE , MÜLLER FERNANDA MARIA , LUBASZEWSKI MARCELO SOARES , RHODEN MARISA IGNEZ S.
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACT The economic effects of isolation policies resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic have led small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) to look for alternatives to survive. Within this crisis scenario, an engaged university has an important role to play in a regional context in addressing not only health issues, but also any resultant social and economic problems. An engaged university needs to take actions that go beyond its traditional missions of education and research - it has to deliver knowledge to society. This paper analyzes a university-community project in Brazil to identify the necessary elements that help promote a regionally-engaged university: the SOS-PME Advisory Network project, which was originally designed to assist SMEs during the crisis. As a result, we identified elements necessary for promoting the university’s third mission - social engagement by way of a university-community project: an engaged team, multidisciplinarity, project management, agility, alliances, a communication strategy, institutional support, and reputation.
Ca0.8La0.2Ti0.8Ta0.2O3−δ perovskites synthesized by hydrothermal method for SOFCs
Authors: Madhavan Bradha , Kunhiraman Aruna K , Karuppiah Kavitha
Published: January 2021

Nano-sized oxide materials currently give clean alternatives and possibilities to improve effectiveness and stability for appliances that produce or store sustainable energy. Metal oxide nanomaterials are at the core of present studies due to their distinctive forms, compositions and chemical and physical characteristics. In the present work, the hydrothermal technique was used to synthesize Ca0.8La0.2Ti0.8Ta0.2O3−δ perovskites. Single-phase perovskite with cubic crystal symmetry was identified by X-ray diffraction analysis. Scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy were used to make out the particle morphology. Impedance spectroscopy methods were used to evaluate the electrical characteristics of doped calcium titanium oxide (CaTiO3). The conductivity value found in this work shows that applications for this sort of material as solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) electrode components are promising.
COVID-19 pandemisi döneminde acil servis çalışanlarının psikolojik durumları
Authors: AVCI Sema , YAĞCI İbrahim
Published: January 2021

Giriş: COVID-19, koronovirüs ailesinden bir RNA virüsü olup ilk kez Aralık 2019’da tespit edilmiştir. COVID-19, 30 Ocak 2020’de Dünya Sağlık Örgütü tarafından pandemi olarak ilan edilmiştir. Bu çalışmada, acil servis çalışanlarında pandemi döneminde görülen psikolojik değişiklikleri tespit etmeyi amaçladık.

Metod: Çalışmaya 120 acil servis çalışanı (olgu grubu) ve 70 hastane dışından gönüllü (kontrol grubu) dahil edildi. Katılımcılara Beck Depresyon Ölçeği (BDÖ), Beck Anksiyete Ölçeği (BAÖ), Beck Umutsuzluk Ölçeği (BUÖ) ve Travma Sonrası Stres Belirtileri Alt Ölçeği uygulandı. Ayrıca olgu grubuna TEMPS-A Mizaç ölçeği de uygulandı.

Bulgular: Sosyodemografik verilere göre hasta grubu ile kontrol grubu arasında eğitim düzeyleri dışında yaş, cinsiyet, çalışma durumu ve medeni hal arasında anlamlı fark bulunmadı. Gruplar karşılaştırıldığında BDÖ (p=0,000), BAÖ (p=0,005), BUÖ (p=0,021) ve TSSÖ (p=0,000) açısından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Olgu grubunun mizaç profiline göre, 8 kişi depresif mizaca, 4 kişi siklotimik mizaca, 2 kişi anksiyöz mizaca sahipti ve hipertimik mizacı olan kişi yoktu.

Sonuç: Acil servis çalışanlarının COVID-19 döneminde psikolojik olarak etkilendiğini tespit ettik. Sağlık çalışanlarına yönelik zorunlu ve düzenli ruhsal takip programları planlamanın olumsuz etkilenmeyi azaltacağını ve iş performanslarını artıracağını düşünüyoruz.
Creating Digital Musical Instruments With and for Children: Including Vocal Sketching as a Method for Engaging in Codesign
Authors: Falkenberg Kjetil , Lindetorp Hans , Latupeirissa Adrian Benigno , Frid Emma
Published: January 2021

A class of master of science students and a group of preschool children codesigned new digital musical instruments based on workshop interviews involving vocal sketching, a method for imitating and portraying sounds. The aim of the study was to explore how the students and children would approach vocal sketching as one of several design methods. The children described musical instruments to the students using vocal sketching and other modalities (verbal, drawing, gestures). The resulting instruments built by the students were showcased at the Swedish Museum of Performing Arts in Stockholm. Although all the children tried vocal sketching during preparatory tasks, few employed the method during the workshop. However, the instruments seemed to meet the children’s expectations. Consequently, even though the vocal sketching method alone provided few design directives in the given context, we suggest that vocal sketching, under favorable circumstances, can be an engaging component that complements other modalities in codesign involving children.
Esitetty vai eletty Naantali?
Authors: Pentti Piia
Published: January 2021

Tässä artikkelissa tarkastelen Naantalin kaupungin julkista historiakulttuuria. Analysoin Naantalin paikallishistoriaa ja avaan näkökulman siihen, miten ja miksi tätä historiaa käytetään. Pyrin esittelemään Naantalin historiakulttuurin erityispiirteitä sekä luomaan yleistettävissä olevan kuvan kuntien tavasta käyttää paikkakuntiin liittyvää historiatietoa ja menneisyysmielikuvia. Monet kunnat näyttäisivät Naantalin tavoin omaksuneen historiakulttuurinsa kertomusytimeksi paikallishistorian. Ongelmallista on, että kaupungin imagoa palvelemaan omaksuttu menneisyyden tulkinta ei riitä synnyttämään kuntalaisissa osallisuuskokemusta. Tällä on kuntien kannalta kulttuuripoliittisia seurauksia. Artikkelin lopussa esitän kulttuuriperinnön tutkimuksen näkökulmasta tilanteen tarkasteluun ja jatkotutkimukseen soveltuvia työkaluja.
Multilingualism and Social Inclusion in Scotland: Language Options and Ligatures of the “1+2 Language Approach”
Authors: Kanaki Argyro
Published: January 2021

Recent global trends in migration, trade and overall mobility have continued to transform our objective realities and subjective experiences around linguistic diversity. More broadly, in many countries, the politics of multilingualism seem to have changed the old links between language and nation-state. In this context, Scotland is studied in this article as a case study as it acts to dispel the myth of a ‘monolingual country.’ Its recent language policy, the “1+2 Language Approach” (Scottish Government, 2012b), including regional languages, modern foreign languages and heritage languages of migrants have created opportunities as well as imbalances and issues of equity in the Scottish language habitus. Drawing on Kraus’s work (2018), this article demonstrates how the policy creates language as ‘options’ and as ‘ligatures.’ However, these ‘options’ and ‘ligatures’ are not salient and straightforward. The policy is explored on three different levels: (1) on its potential for allowing the development of multilingual communication strategies such as intercomprehension, code-switching and mixing, (2) on its commitment to linguistic justice avoiding language hierarchies and (3) on its links with dominating, neoliberal approaches to education and the economy. The article finally concludes that options and ligatures visible in language policy impose some semantic order on the confusion of layered co-occurrences of various hegemonies, or the general strain between macro and micro distinction.
Multilingual Education in the Republic of Kazakhstan: Problems and Prospects
Authors: Zhumay Nurmira , Tazhibayeva Saule , Shaldarbekova Azhar , Jabasheva Botagoz , Naimanbay Ainur , Sandybayeva Aigul
Published: January 2021

The article is devoted to the problem of multilingual education in modern Kazakhstan. Currently, Kazakhstan is fully modernising the education system and introducing a multilingualism policy in the educational process. Experimental sites for multilingual education have been created in several Kazakh universities and secondary schools. The young Kazakhstani generation brought up in independent Kazakhstan is involved in the process of multilingual education. By 2020 it is expected that 100% of the population will speak Kazakh, 95% will also speak Russian and 25% will also speak English. The research results are based on sociolinguistic data that were collected in all regions of the country using sociolinguistic data collection methods.
Assessing sexual function and vulvovaginal symptoms in young patients with vulvar dystrophy
Authors: Solopova A. G. , Achkasov E. E. , Makatsariya A. D. , Khamani I. V. , Blbulyan T. A. , Moskvichyova V. S.
Published: January 2021

Aim: to comparatively assess sexual function and intensity of vulvovaginal symptoms in patients with vulvar lichen sclerosus and mixed vulvar dystrophy. Materials and Methods. There were examined 57 patients with vulvar lichen sclerosus and 63 patients with mixed vulvar dystrophy, with mean patient age 35.0 ± 0.6 (18–45) years. Prior to therapy, the study participants completed the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) and the Vulvovaginal Symptoms Questionnaire (VSQ). Results. Severe sexual dysfunction (FSFI score 2) was detected in 14 % of cases (n = 8) in group 1 (sclerotic lichen vulva) and 17 % (n = 11) in group 2 (mixed dystrophy). Remaining respondents had total score below the normal cut-off. The mean FSFI score for group 1 and 2 was 17.68 and 16.78, respectively. VSQ testing found that most common complaint in both groups was itching (91 and 95 %, respectively). The majority of patients also noted a deteriorated emotional state and disease-related limitations in everyday life. The maximum VSQ score was 20 corresponding to the peak negative disease impact found in 23 % and 37 % patients in group 1 (n = 13) and group 2 (n = 23), respectively. Many patients also noted lack of lubrication most likely associated with discomfort and pain during intercourse, as well as worsened relationship with partner. Conclusion. The vulvar dystrophy negatively affects sexual function in young women. Symptoms typical to such conditions impose marked restrictions on intimate life, relationships and quality of general life. It accounts for why it is important to include questionnaires in the set of measures to assess sexual function and vulvovaginal symptoms both before and after treatment.
Opportunities for robotic-assisted surgery in treatment of uterine cancer. Current view on the problem
Authors: Slukhanchuk E. V. , Tyan A. G.
Published: January 2021

Endometrial cancer holdzone of the lead positions in the pattern of female oncological diseases, affecting annually around 300,000 women worldwide. Compared to other cancers of the female reproductive system, this pathology has been extensively investigated by conducting large-scale randomized controlled trials, which proved safety and efficacy of using laparoscopic surgery for such patients. In the last years, robotic-assisted surgery has been actively developed globally, including gynecological oncology. Minimally invasive technologies can reduce the volume of blood loss, shorten hospital stay, lower rate of postoperative complications and shorten rehabilitation period. It is necessary to conduct randomized prospective studies assessing robotic-assisted surgery for treating endometrial cancer, especially due to concerns about postoperative prognosis in cancer patients. In addition, studies on developing clinical guidelines to select proper surgical intervention, including robotic-assisted access for surgeons-oncologists are required.
Risks of reproductive loss and placenta-mediated pregnancy complications in women with antiphospholipid antibodies
Authors: Dolgova Yu. S. , Eremeeva D. R. , Zainulina M. S.
Published: January 2021

Introduction. Antiphospholipid syndrome (AРS) is a multisystem disease characterized by elevated levels of antiphospholipid antibodies (AРA), arterial and/or venous thrombosis, thrombocytopenia, and habitual miscarriage. Various AРA types have multifactorial and indirect effects on pregnancy course from the earliest stages, leading to termination of pregnancy and putting the prerequisites for further obstetric complications. Aim: determine rate and relative risk of pregnancy complications in AРA carriers. Materials and Methods. The retrospective study, conducted between 2017 and 2019, included 268 pregnant women. All women underwent a comprehensive study consisting of clinical examination and laboratory methods. AРA of IgM and IgG classes were measured by using ELISA, lupus anticoagulant (LA) was estimated by using a coagulometer. Results. APA were detected in 213 (79.48 %) women examined; 55 (20.52 %) patients (n = 55) lacked APA. Failed in vitro fertilization attempts were 2 times more common in women with AРA (10.33 vs. 5.45 %, respectively; p < 0.001). Also, significant differences were found in this group in antenatal fetal death (4.23 vs. 1.82 %, respectively; p < 0.001) and chronic placental insufficiency without fetal malnutrition (23.47 vs. 18.18 %, respectively; p < 0.05). Of 165 women with early pregnancy loss syndrome, AРA were found in 130 (78.79 %), late pregnancy loss – in 29 (76.32 %) and antenatal fetal death – in 9 (90.0 %) women carrying serum AРA. The relative risks of unfavorable pregnancy outcomes have been identified for various AРA subtypes. Conclusion. Identifying clear-cut relative risks of adverse pregnancy outcomes for various subtypes of antiphospholipid antibodies will allow to determine risk groups and develop a special treatment algorithm for preventing pregnancy complications and perinatal losses.
Challenges of Implementing Multicenter Studies of Yoga for Pediatric Cancer and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Recipients
Authors: Jacobs Shana , Plenert Erin , Stein Eliana , Mowbray Catriona , Stewart Rachel , Schechter Tal , Diorio Caroline , Sung Lillian
Published: January 2021

The primary objective of this work was to determine the feasibility of a randomized trial of individualized yoga for children receiving intensive chemotherapy and for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) recipients outside of the principal coordinating institution. We evaluated the feasibility of a randomized trial of individualized yoga versus an iPad control program at a site where external yoga instructors were hired and compensated per session. Subjects were children receiving intensive chemotherapy for hematological malignancies and autologous or allogeneic HSCT recipients expected to be hospitalized for 3 weeks. Yoga or iPad control contact occurred daily for 21 days (excluding weekends and holidays); fatigue and quality-of-life outcomes were measured at baseline, day 10, and day 21. Ten eligible subjects were identified; six subjects consented and were enrolled. Three were randomized to the individualized yoga intervention and three to the iPad control program. The median age of participants was 12 (range 8–15) years, and 2 (33%) were boys. Challenges primarily related to the hiring of yoga instructors who were not trained in research methods. We found issues with: (1) logistics of hiring, training, and retaining instructors; (2) communication between teams; (3) fidelity to the protocol and outcome assessments; and (4) ensuring safety. We found that a randomized trial of individualized yoga presented new challenges when relying on externally contracted yoga instructors. Future multicenter studies of yoga should seek to better integrate practitioners within the research team to improve processes, communication, fidelity to the protocol, and safety.
Laboratory and instrumental study of knee joints in patients
with early gonarthrosis: search for relationship
Authors: Klementeva V. I. , Chernisheva T. V. , Korochina K. V. , Korochina I. E.
Published: January 2021

Aimwas to identify features of subchondral bone remodeling and synovitis severity in patients with early knee osteoarthritis using laboratory and instrumental methods.
Materials and methods.The study covered 60 patients with I-II radiological stages (by J. Kellgren and J. Lawrence, 1952) of gonarthrosis (according to R.D. Altman, 1991). Complex of clinical (history, complaints, palpation of joints, pain assessment by Visual Analogue Scale [VAS]), laboratory (interleukin-6, osteocalcin, Beta-Cross Laps, C-reactive protein [CRP] and others) and instrumental (X-ray, ultrasonography of knee joints) examinations of patients was carried out with subsequent statistical data processing.
Results.In patients with stage II gonarthrosis, Beta-Cross Laps, CRP levels, osteophyte size were significantly higher, and articular cartilage thickness was lower in comparison with stage I group. Correlations were found between: pain intensity according to VAS and volume of upper torsion of knee joint; interleukin-6 and osteophyte size, volume of upper torsion, Beta-Cross Laps; level of Beta-Cross Laps and osteocalcin, osteophyte size; and some other relationships.
Conclusion. In patients with I-II radiological stages of gonarthrosis, remodeling of subchondral bone is observed and accompanied by tissue turnover changes that it is could be used in targeted therapy. Serum Beta-Cross Laps is important marker for early progression of gonarthrosis.
Immunogenicity and protective activity of recombinant influenza viruses expressing fragments of ScaAB lipoprotein of group B streptococci in a mouse model
Authors: Stepanova E. A. , Isakova-Sivak I. N. , Matyushenko V. A. , Matushkina A. S. , Smolonogina T. A. , Donina S. A. , Leontieva G. F. , Suvorov A. N. , Rudenko L. G.
Published: January 2021

Group B streptococci (GBS) cause a number of serious diseases in humans. The development of an effective vaccine against GBS requires special approaches. In the present study, three recombinant influenza viruses were constructed on the backbone of H7N9 live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) strain expressing fragments of the ScaAB lipoprotein of Streptococcus agalactiae, fused to the surface protein of the virus, hemagglutinin, using a flexible linker. Recombinant viruses with ScaAB inserts of 85, 141, and 200 amino acids were successfully rescued by the means of reverse genetics. The recombinant strains were able to grow in developing chicken embryos and MDCK cells and retained the temperature-sensitive phenotype attributable to the LAIV viruses. Studies of immunogenicity and protective activity of the vaccine candidates in BALB/c mice revealed that the most promising strain was a strain with an insert of 141 amino acids: this variant had optimal immunogenicity against influenza and GBS and had a protective effect against both pathogens. These data indicate that further studies of the recombinant vectored vaccine H7-ScaAB-141 as a combined viral-bacterial vaccine capable of protection against both influenza virus and bacterial infections caused by group B streptococci are warranted.
Comparison of Near-Fault Velocity Pulse-Like Ground Motions from the 2018 Mw 6.4 Hualien, Taiwan, Earthquake with the Next Generation Attenuation (NGA)-West2 Ground-Motion Models and Directivity Models
Authors: Zhao Xiaofen , Wen Zengping , Xie Junju , Xie Quancai , Ching Kuo-En
Published: January 2021

Pulse-like ground motions cause severe damage in structures at certain periods. Hence, pulse effects need to be considered during probabilistic seismic hazard analysis and seismic design in the near-fault region. Traditional ground-motion models used to quantify the hazard posed by pulse-like ground motions may underestimate them, but they are relatively suitable for describing the residual ground motions after extracting pulses. Nevertheless, the applicability of Next Generation Attenuation-West2 Project (NGA-West2) models to pulse and residual ground motions has not been evaluated. Moreover, the applicability of recently developed directivity models, including the Shahi and Baker (2011; hereafter, SB2011), Chang et al. (2018; hereafter, Chang2018), and Rupakhety et al. (2011; hereafter, Rupakhety2011) models, has not been investigated for this event. Here, based on the abundance of pulse-like ground motions recorded during the Mw 6.4 Hualien earthquake, the applicability of NGA-West2 models and directivity models was quantitatively evaluated. In summary, (1) The applicability of NGA-West2 models to the observed original and residual ground motions varies significantly at different periods. The suggests that NGA-West2 models overestimate the original and residual ground motions for short periods (T<1.0  s), but are suitable for describing the residual ground motions yet underestimate the original ground motions for long periods (T≥1.0  s). (2) Pulse periods and amplification bands due to pulses are unusually larger than previous events. Similar to the Chang2018 model, the plateau of this event starts and ends at the periods of 0.70 and 1.1 times the pulse period. However, the Chang2018 and SB2011 models underestimate the constant ordinate of this plateau. Spectral ordinates of the spectral shape curve due to pulses for the short period (∼Tn<1.3  s) are smaller than the predictions from the Rupakhety2011 model. The trend was reversed for long periods (∼Tn>3.0  s). Compared with the Rupakhety2011 model, the peak location of the spectral shape curve is shifted to the long period. These results will be helpful for updating these models in the near future.
Foreshocks of the 2018 ML 4.0 Shimian Earthquake in the Anninghe Fault and Its Implications for Earthquake Nucleation
Authors: Feng Tian , Wu Jianping , Fang Lihua , Guo Xiangyun , Cai Yan , Wang Weilai
Published: January 2021

Foreshock activity sometimes precedes large earthquakes, but how foreshocks relate to mainshock nucleation is still unclear with limited case studies existing. One way to further the understanding of the foreshock occurrence mechanism is to maximize the resolution of the foreshock characteristics by waveform-based earthquake detection and location. Here, we apply the match and locate method to scan continuous waveforms 30 days before and 44 days after the 2018 ML 4.0 Shimian earthquake in Sichuan, China, and obtain approximately three times more events than reported in a local catalog. The augmented seismicity suggests the existence of a blind small strike-slip fault deep in the east of the Anninghe fault. Forty-one foreshocks of magnitude ranging from ML−0.7 to 3.4 occurred within 4 hr before the mainshock and did not show an accelerating pattern leading up to the mainshock. Focal mechanisms are consistent between the mainshock and foreshocks, implying that the mainshock and foreshock hypocenters are located on the same fault plane. The high-precision relative locations reveal that most of the foreshocks rupture adjacent source patches along the fault plane, with little or partial overlap, which is consistent with cascade stress triggering from foreshocks to foreshocks to the mainshock. Our research is one of the few to focus on the foreshock sequence of moderate mainshocks and provides a new case for studying the mechanism of foreshocks of intraplate earthquakes with a low incidence of foreshocks.
“Darkness is different for me now. I know all its depths and textures”: the panoptical gaze in Sarah Waters’s "Affinity"
Authors: Adán Hernández Elsa
Published: January 2021

The aim of this essay is to analyse Sarah Waters’s novel Affinity (1999) from the perspective of the panoptical system of surveillance, based on the controlling power of the gaze, that was widely employed as a system of represión in Victorian society. It seeks to explore Milbank prison as a perfect example of Jeremy Bentham’s panopticon and Michel Foucault’s ideas about punishment and imprisonment. Drawing on Laura Mulvey’s notion of scopophilia, the essay goes on to explore the characteristics of the interaction and mutual attraction felt by two of the main characters, with the aim of proving that the gaze can be a powerful weapon to subjugate another person. Finally, it tackles the relevance of the third protagonist, Ruth Vigers, a lady’s maid whose job makes her invisible both to the readers and to other characters in the novel. The analysis shows that it is precisely her social invisibility that allows her to escape the gaze of this panoptical society and become the master puppeteer controlling everything from the shadows.