bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia. Role of dentist in early diagnosis
Authors: Di Cosola Michele , Spirito Francesca , Zhurakivska Khrystyna , Nocini Riccardo , Lovero Roberto , Sembronio Salvatore , Santacroce Luigi , Brauner Edoardo , Storto Giovanni , Lo Muzio Lorenzo , Cazzolla Angela Pia
Published: October 2022

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is a genetic disorder characterized by an impairment of steroid synthesis due to an altered production of 21-hydroxylase enzyme. Corticoid hormones are involved in the development and functioning of many organs. The aim of the present study was to review the international literature to collect data regarding oral manifestations of CAH. A review of the literature describing oral features of patients affected by CAH was performed using electronic databases (PubMed and Scopus). The data about number of patients, form of CAH, and oral findings were extracted and analyzed. Seven studies were included in the final analysis. The principal findings reported regarded an advanced dental development observed in patients with CAH. One paper reported amelogenesis imperfecta and periodontal issues. The dentist could be the first specialist involved in the CAH syndrome diagnosis, identifying the characteristic features described above, especially for the classical simple virilizing and non-classical form.
Self-powered broadband photodetector based on MoS2/Sb2Te3 heterojunctions: a promising approach for highly sensitive detection
Authors: Wang Hao , Gui Yaliang , Dong Chaobo , Altaleb Salem , Nouri Behrouz Movahhed , Thomaschewski Martin , Dalir Hamed , Sorger Volker J.
Published: October 2022

Topological insulators have shown great potential for future optoelectronic technology due to their extraordinary optical and electrical properties. Photodetectors, as one of the most widely used optoelectronic devices, are crucial for sensing, imaging, communication, and optical computing systems to convert optical signals to electrical signals. Here we experimentally show a novel combination of topological insulators (TIs) and transition metal chalcogenides (TMDs) based self-powered photodetectors with ultra-low dark current and high sensitivity. The photodetector formed by a MoS2/Sb2Te3 heterogeneous junction exhibits a low dark current of 2.4 pA at zero bias and 1.2 nA at 1V. It shows a high photoresponsivity of >150 mA W−1 at zero bias and rectification of 3 times at an externally applied bias voltage of 1V. The excellent performance of the proposed photodetector with its innovative material combination of TMDs and TIs paves the way for the development of novel high-performance optoelectronic devices. The TIs/TMDs transfer used to form the heterojunction is simple to incorporate into on-chip waveguide systems, enabling future applications on highly integrated photonic circuits.
Dysfunctional microglia and tau pathology in Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Ayyubova Gunel
Published: October 2022

Extensive human studies and animal models show that chronic immune system stimulation involving microglia, inflammasome, complement activation, synthesis of cytokines, and reactive oxygen species exacerbates neurodegeneration in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and other tauopathies. Abnormalities in tau, Aβ, and microglial activation are frequently observed in dementia patients and indicate that these elements may work in concert to cause cognitive impairment. Contradicting reports from postmortem studies demonstrating the presence of Aβ aggregates in the brains of cognitively healthy individuals, as well as other investigations, show that tau aggregation is more strongly associated with synapse loss, neurodegeneration, and cognitive decline than amyloid pathology. Tau association with microtubules’ surface promotes their growth and maintains their assembly, dynamicity, and stability. In contrast, the reduced affinity of hyperphosphorylated and mislocalized tau to microtubules leads to axonal deficits and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs). Loss of microglial neuroprotective and phagocytic functions, as indicated by the faulty clearance of amyloid plaques, as well as correlations between microglial activation and tau tangle spread, all demonstrate the critical involvement of malfunctioning microglia in driving tau propagation. This review discusses the recent reports on the contribution of microglial cells to the development and progression of tau pathology. The detailed study of pathogenic mechanisms involved in interactions between neuroinflammation and tau spread is critical in identifying the targets for efficacious treatment strategies in AD.
Allocation of Visuospatial Attention Indexes Evidence Accumulation for Reach Decisions
Authors: Schonard Carolin , Heed Tobias , Seegelke Christian
Published: October 2022

Visuospatial attention is a prerequisite for the performance of visually guided movements: perceptual discrimination is regularly enhanced at target locations before movement initiation. It is known that this attentional prioritization evolves over the time of movement preparation; however, it is not clear whether this build-up simply reflects a time requirement of attention formation or whether, instead, attention build-up reflects the emergence of the movement decision. To address this question, we combined behavioral experiments, psychophysics, and computational decision-making models to characterize the time course of attention build-up during motor preparation. Participants (n = 46, 29 female) executed center-out reaches to one of two potential target locations and reported the identity of a visual discrimination target (DT) that occurred concurrently at one of various time-points during movement preparation and execution. Visual discrimination increased simultaneously at the two potential target locations but was modulated by the experiment-wide probability that a given location would become the final goal. Attention increased further for the location that was then designated as the final goal location, with a time course closely related to movement initiation. A sequential sampling model of decision-making faithfully predicted key temporal characteristics of attentional allocation. Together, these findings provide evidence that visuospatial attentional prioritization during motor preparation does not simply reflect that a spatial location has been selected as movement goal, but rather indexes the time-extended, cumulative decision that leads to the selection, hence constituting a link between perceptual and motor aspects of sensorimotor decisions.
Entorhinal–Hippocampal Circuit Integrity Is Related to Mnemonic Discrimination and Amyloid-β Pathology in Older Adults
Authors: Adams Jenna N. , Kim Soyun , Rizvi Batool , Sathishkumar Mithra , Taylor Lisa , Harris Alyssa L. , Mikhail Abanoub , Keator David B. , McMillan Liv , Yassa Michael A.
Published: October 2022

Mnemonic discrimination, a cognitive process that relies on hippocampal pattern separation, is one of the first memory domains to decline in aging and preclinical Alzheimer's disease. We tested whether functional connectivity (FC) within the entorhinal–hippocampal circuit, measured with high-resolution resting state fMRI, is associated with mnemonic discrimination and amyloid-β (Aβ) pathology in a sample of 64 cognitively normal human older adults (mean age, 71.3 ± 6.4 years; 67% female). FC was measured between entorhinal–hippocampal circuit nodes with known anatomical connectivity, as well as within cortical memory networks. Aβ pathology was measured with18F-florbetapir-PET, and neurodegeneration was assessed with subregional volume from structural MRI. Participants performed both object and spatial versions of a mnemonic discrimination task outside of the scanner and were classified into low-performing and high-performing groups on each task using a median split. Low object mnemonic discrimination performance was specifically associated with increased FC between anterolateral entorhinal cortex (alEC) and dentate gyrus (DG)/CA3, supporting the importance of this connection to object memory. This hyperconnectivity between alEC and DG/CA3 was related to Aβ pathology and decreased entorhinal cortex volume. In contrast, spatial mnemonic discrimination was not associated with altered FC. Aβ was further associated with dysfunction within hippocampal subfields, particularly with decreased FC between CA1 and subiculum as well as reduced volume in these regions. Our findings suggest that Aβ may indirectly lead to memory impairment through entorhinal–hippocampal circuit dysfunction and neurodegeneration and provide a mechanism for increased vulnerability of object mnemonic discrimination.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTMnemonic discrimination is a critical episodic memory process that is performed in the dentate gyrus (DG) and CA3 subfield of the hippocampus, relying on input from entorhinal cortex. Mnemonic discrimination is particularly vulnerable to decline in older adults; however, the mechanisms behind this vulnerability are still unknown. We demonstrate that object mnemonic discrimination impairment is related to hyperconnectivity between the anterolateral entorhinal cortex and DG/CA3. This hyperconnectivity was associated with amyloid-β pathology and neurodegeneration in entorhinal cortex, suggesting aberrantly increased network activity is a pathological process. Our findings provide a mechanistic explanation of the vulnerability of object compared to spatial mnemonic discrimination in older adults and has translational implications for choice of outcome measures in clinical trials for Alzheimer's disease.
BARRIERS TO AUGMENTED REALITY APPLICATION IN CONSTRUCTION: AN EXPLORATORY STUDY IN MALAYSIA
Authors: Zahrizan Z. , Omardin M.A. , Rahman R.A. , Haron A.T.
Published: October 2022

Malaysian construction industry is always labelled as ancient industry because of resistance to change or adopt new technology in their working process. The construction industry in Malaysia is slow in adopting new technology compared to other industries. Therefore, it has a bad reputation for producing good quality products, and complete within time frame and cost. These problems arose because of failures to effectively communicate among parties in the construction project due to the complexity of the construction project. In the era of digitalisation, the utilisation of new technology could help the construction industry overcome the issues of processing complex information. The usage of Augmented Reality (AR) is one of the approaches. AR technology has gained much attention in the construction industry on how it potentially helps solve common problems in construction. AR integrates digital information with a real-time user environment to resolve communication issues in complex projects. Besides that, AR can minimise 2D drawing by digitally visualising the end product of a construction project. However, despite all the benefits AR can offer, the implementation of AR in Malaysian construction is still lagging. Therefore, the aim of this study is to determine the factors hindering the application of AR in Malaysian construction industry. In this study, a questionnaire survey was conducted to obtain the possible hindering factors in implementing AR among Malaysian construction companies. Relative Importance Indices (RII) were utilised to analyse the data. In this study, the questionnaires were distributed via email to 260 potential respondents and only 105 responded, which represents 40% of the response rate. From the analysis, it was revealed that the main factors that could hinder the AR implementation are: lack of knowledge about AR, lack of training on AR application, higher cost in investing AR technology and infrastructure, and absence of push from government and clients. In conclusion, to enable the progressive use of the technology, it is important to address the actual factors hindering the implementation of AR in Malaysian construction. At the same time, every party in the construction industry should play a role in promoting the use of AR in their construction project.
Optimization of transfers between low orbits with significantly different longi-tudes of ascending nodes
Authors:   Institute of Technical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and the State Space Agency of Ukraine, Holdshtein Yu.M. , Fokov O.A. ,   Institute of Technical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and the State Space Agency of Ukraine
Published: October 2022

At present, satellite systems, each comprising hundreds of satellites, are, and are to be, deployed in low orbits. In addition, existing satellite systems are replenished. There has appeared a trend towards the development of modular satellites, which will lead to the development of easy-to-maintain spacecraft consisting of many small structural modules with standardized interface mechanisms. To extend the life of all these systems and reduce their maintenance cost, it is advisable to develop a system for their maintenance. Despite the relatively large number of works on the rendezvous problem, this problem is considered in a somewhat simplified formulation, which is not sufficient for spacecraft servicing in low orbits. As a rule, the consideration is limited to coplanar rendezvous problems in an impulse formulation. In real conditions, rendezvous maneuvers in low orbits are nontrivial. As is known, the orbital parameters of low-orbit spacecraft may differ significantly: the difference in the longitude of ascending nodes (LAN) may reach tens and even hundreds of degrees. Because of this, the energy consumption for an orbital plane change becomes unacceptably high for modern service spacecraft. This energy consumption can be reduced by using the precession of the line of nodes due to the non-centrality of the Earth's gravitational field. A waiting maneuver of a service spacecraft in a well-chosen orbit makes it possible to eliminate the mismatch between the LANs of the service spacecraft’s parking and destination orbits, thus significantly reducing the orbital transfer energy consumption. However, the long wait time of the service spacecraft in its parking orbit significantly increases the total orbital transfer time. The aim of this article is to develop a mathematical model of bicriteria optimization of a transfer of a service spacecraft with a low constant thrust engine between low near-circular orbits with significantly different LANs. This problem is solved by averaging the service spacecraft’s dynamics equations over a fast parameter and using a genetic algorithm of global Pareto optimization. The novelty of the results obtained lies in a formulation of a bicriteria optimization problem and the development of a mathematical model for choosing an optimal service spacecraft parking orbit. The mathematical model developed may be used in planning service spacecraft transfers between low near-circular orbits with significantly different LANs.
Analysis of Elastic Scattering Cross-Sections of Carbon Isotopes (10–16C) Using Different Nucleon-Nucleon Interactions
Authors: Aygun M.
Published: October 2022

In this study, the comparative analysis of different nucleon-nucleon interactions is carried out in the framework of the optical model. The real potential is obtained using the double folding model for eight different nucleon-nucleon interactions which consist of B, G1, G2, SL, R3Y(HS), R3Y(Z), R3Y(W), and R3Y(L1). The results are compared with M3Y nucleonnucleon results, as well as the experimental data in order to perform a comparative study. The similarities and differences of the nucleon-nucleon interactions are discussed, and alternative nucleon-nucleon interactions are proposed for the analysis of carbon isotopes (10-16C).
In Memory of Ivan Makarovych Protsenko (1935–2022)
Authors: Bondar M.V. , Goncharov O.A. , Dobrovolskyi A.M. , Manzhara V.S. , Poroshyn V.M. , Tsiolko V.V.
Published: October 2022

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Socioeconomic Factors and their Impact on Access and Use of Coronary and Structural Interventions
Authors: Bullock-Palmer Renee P , Bravo-Jaimes Katia , Mamas Mamas A , Grines Cindy L
Published: October 2022

In the past few decades, the accelerated improvement in technology has allowed the development of new and effective coronary and structural heart disease interventions. There has been inequitable patient access to these advanced therapies and significant disparities have affected patients from low socioeconomic positions. In the US, these disparities mostly affect women, black and hispanic communities who are overrepresented in low socioeconomic. Other adverse social determinants of health influenced by structural racism have also contributed to these disparities. In this article, we review the literature on disparities in access and use of coronary and structural interventions; delineate the possible reasons underlying these disparities; and highlight potential solutions at the government, healthcare system, community and individual levels.
Filosofia e teologia cristã
Authors: Mandeli Alison Vander , Magalhães Marcelo Marconato
Published: October 2022

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Job retention opportunities in a pandemic crisis based on the example of three countries in the Asia-Pacific region
Authors: Tóth Arnold , Kálmán Botond Géza , Engle Allen D. , Poór József
Published: October 2022

Our study examines the development of unemployment data from three strong Asian economies, China, Korea, and Japan. The focus is on the impact of the economic crisis caused by COVID-19, as well as an overview of the possible solutions to combat the impact of similar future crises on the labour market, in the hope of mitigating future economic dislocations. Following an overview of the region's economy and the pandemic, we use stochastic modelling of unemployment data of ten years prior to the pandemic, to estimate counterfactual future data without the pandemic. We then compare this estimate with real data during the pandemic. We did this in order to explore ideas and new solutions that could possibly be applied in Hungary, which is presently burdened by a very significant labour shortage.
Relationship between Spirituality and Emotional Maturity with Cultural Intelligence in Preventing Culture Shock
Authors: Safaria Triantoro , Bashori Khoiruddin
Published: October 2022

The role of spirituality and emotional maturity (EM) in cultural intelligence (CQ) is mostly carried out in the Westen country compared to Indonesia. Therefore, this quantitative study aims to examine the relationship between spirituality and emotional maturity (EM) with cultural intelligence (CQ). A total of 97 Psychology students from a private university in Yogyakarta were selected using purposive sampling. Data were collected using a modified scale of spirituality, emotional maturity, and cultural intelligence. The hypothesis was examined by using regression analysis. The result of the study showed a significant relationship between spirituality and cultural intelligence. Meanwhile, emotional maturity is insignificantly related to cultural intelligence.
The Effect Of Animated Films On The Epistemological Development Of Child
Authors: HAKKOYMAZ Sakine , ONAN Bilginer
Published: October 2022

This study aimed to explore the effects of information types in animated films on 6th-grade middle school students' learning skills. The study was carried out with 70 volunteer students who attended a public middle school in a village in Oğuzeli district of Gaziantep in the 2019-2020 academic year. The participant 6th-graders were from low socio-economic families. The study was designed in an embedded pattern, which was one of the mixed-method approaches. There were 24 students in the experimental group in which animated movies were watched, 23 students in the placebo group where children's films were watched, and 23 in the control group where Turkish lessons were taught without films. The qualitative data about student and researcher experiences were included in the experimental process. The quantitative data were analyzed using a pre-test, post-test, and follow-up test and case study methodologies. The study adopted a 3x3 quasi-experimental design, including experimental, control, and placebo groups. The quantitative data were collected with an Information Types Assessment Tool (ITAT), developed by the researcher and verified by expert opinion. The qualitative data were collected with The Assessment Form for the Information Types (AFIT), a semi-structured interview form, and student and researcher diary. The experimental process lasted for 12 weeks, including the pre-test and post-tests. The follow-up test was conducted at the end of the experimental process and six weeks after the post-test. The research results indicated a significant difference in post-test scores of those who watched the animated movie. There was also a statistically significant difference in favor of the experimental group in the post-tests. It was concluded that animated films had a meaningful and permanent effect on students' learning information types. Besides, following the data related to student diaries and interviews revealed that the experimental group students could permanently learn the types of information through animated films and enjoyed such lessons
Teaching Women's Filmmaking: Dossier Introduction
Authors: Kennedy-Karpat Colleen B
Published: October 2022

This introduction to the dossier on Teaching Women’s Filmmaking contextualizes the contributions among recent work that examines classroom praxis and relevant innovations in film and media studies scholarship, such as videographic criticism and online publication. It considers three key components of building a course—what to study, how to run a classroom, and how to implement assessments—and discusses each area according to critical feminist pedagogies.
Comparative Perspectives on the Keeping of Animals in Sectional (Strata) Title Schemes
Authors: Van der Merwe Cornelius G
Published: October 2022

The aim of this article is to provide comparative perspectives on the keeping of animals in sectional title schemes by analysing the conduct rule for the keeping of animals, reptiles, and birds in the provisions of the Sectional Titles Schemes Management Act. This investigation is prompted by the approval of new pet rules by the chief ombud and the provisions of the Community Schemes Ombud Service Act on adjudication orders available for nuisance caused by animals. The Act further allows the body corporate to record a new scheme governance rule or to declare a scheme rule invalid. The topics to be discussed are: the types of animal kept in sectional title schemes; the written approval of the trustees for the keeping of animals which may not be withheld unreasonably; whether the body corporate may adopt a scheme rule containing a blanket prohibition on the keeping of animals in a sectional title scheme; the reasonable conditions which may be attached to trustee approval; the withdrawal of approval if the conditions are breached; the requirements for a rule restricting the keeping of a kind of animals or animals with specific characteristics in a scheme; and the deemed approval for the keeping of guide, hearing, and assistance animals in a sectional title scheme.
The UCP as a Choice of Non-State Law in International Commercial Contracts
Authors: Adams Faadhil
Published: October 2022

The article analyses the UCP as a form of non-State law. It demonstrates that in some courts the UCP may inadvertently be applied as the governing law of the agreement instead of as contractual terms. The article proceeds to analyse the UCP against article 3 of the Hague Principles on Choice of Law in International Commercial Contracts as well as along a set of criteria, developed by the author, that endeavours to provide certainty in the choice of non-State law. On the basis of the application of the above criteria the article comes to the conclusion that the UCP would be suitable as a choice of governing law of the agreement.
Editorial: Festschrift for Charl Hugo
Authors: Marxen Karl
Published: October 2022

Editorial - Collection of Essays in Honour of Professor Charl Francois Hugo
Keeping them out of prison: A restorative justice education intervention with prison inmates in Lesotho
Authors: Molefi Ntholeng , Harris Geoff
Published: October 2022

This research project involved planning and implementing a restorative justice education programme with prison inmates in Lesotho aimed at restoring their self-worth and dignity, and to evaluate its outcomes. The project began with focus group discussions with first-time offenders, repeat offenders and ex-inmates to identify the main challenges faced by ex-inmates. It was found that these were stigma, rejection by their families and communities and the harsh socio-economic environment. The study then utilised restorative justice education materials from a South African NGO, Phoenix Zululand, which were translated into Sesotho and modified to suit local conditions. The programme involved discussion groups led by a facilitator and culminated in a conference involving inmates and their families held shortly before release. An evaluation conducted 12–18 months after release found very positive outcomes for the ex-inmates and their families concerned but there are reasons to be conservative in what is claimed in terms of programme success.
Paradigm shifts for a planetary emergency: Towards an anthropocenography for urban coastal research at False Bay, Cape Town, South Africa
Authors: Green Lesley
Published: October 2022

Reflecting on a recent three-decade review of the social-ecological sciences of False Bay in Cape Town that was co-authored by 32 South African based scientists, this essay draws on current Anthropocene scholarship in the environmental humanities and social sciences to suggest four approaches to strengthening transdisciplinarity engagement between social and natural sciences. First, the material flows between the fields categorised as ‘nature’ and ‘society’ is suggested as an alternative empirical base for integrative transdisciplinary research, building on emergent transdisciplinary fields including industrial ecology, biogeochemical sciences, circular economics and critical zone scholarship. Second, a humanities-informed conversation in South African scholarship invites discussion as to whether and how the conceptual categories of nature and society remain empirically useful, given the evidence in Anthropocene stratigraphy that human living is terra-forming. Third, humanities scholarship is vital for the scholarly assessment of historical and contemporary data sets and scientific publications. Fourth, the theorisation of ‘social systems’, ‘the human’, ‘society’, and ‘ecosystem services’ in the social-ecological approaches represented in the review, create a barrier for social scientists to take up invitations to transdisciplinary research partnerships. The above concerns, taken together, frame an alternative approach to transdisciplinary research that is tentatively suggested as an ‘anthropocenography’: a research paradigm based on material flows in the Anthropocene.
Significance:
Innovations in transdisciplinary research that attend to material flows are evident in multiple emerging fields that address the Anthropocene, including biogeosciences, industrial ecology, urban metabolism, circular economies, and critical zone sciences. Responding to a 30-year review of the sciences of False Bay, I argue that these new research fields, which encompass earth sciences, biosciences and applied sciences, offer generative linkages to emerging scholarship in environmental social sciences and humanities that also attend to material flows. Linking social and natural sciences via material flows is therefore suggested as a generative approach to transdisciplinarity.
Efficacy and safety of PEG-rhG-CSF in preventing chemoradiotherapy-induced neutropenia in patients with locally advanced cervical cancer
Authors: Li Weiwei , Dong Mohan , Huang Shigao , Shi Liu , Yang Hua , Zhang Ying , Gong Jie , Shi Mei , Wei Lichun , Zhao Lina
Published: October 2022

The standard of care for locally advanced cervical cancer is concurrent chemoradiotherapy, which is associated with significant toxicity, especially hematologic toxicity. To evaluate the efficacy and safety of pegylated recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (PEG -rhG-CSF) in preventing neutropenia during radical chemoradiotherapy for cervical cancer, 40 patients receiving prophylaxis from February 2018 to July 2019 were randomly divided into two arms in a 1:1 ratio. Patients in the study arm (N = 21) received PEG -rhG-CSF, while patients in the control arm (N = 19) received short-acting rhG-CSF. The primary endpoint was the incidence of grade 3-4 neutropenia, and the secondary endpoints were the incidence of febrile neutropenia, chemotherapy delay, and radiotherapy interruption. In addition, dynamic changes in absolute neutrophil count during radical chemoradiotherapy and adverse events were compared between the two groups. There were 0 and 4 cycles of grade 3-4 neutropenia in the PEG -rhG-CSF and rhG-CSF groups, respectively. The incidence of neutropenia of all grades was lower in patients on PEG -rhG-CSF than on rhG-CSF [24.05% (19/79) vs. 56.94% (41/72); p < 0.001]. No patient developed neutropenic fever. The lowest values of neutropenia during concurrent chemoradiotherapy cycles were 2.73 ± 1.02 and 1.91 ± 0.79 x 10 9/ml in the PEG -rhG-CSF and rhG-CSF groups, respectively (p < 0.001). In the PEG -rhG-CSF and rhG-CSF groups, 0 and 8 (11.11%) cycles of chemotherapy were delayed due to neutropenia, respectively (p = 0.01). There was no delay of radiotherapy by more than one week in either group. Prophylactic use of PEG -rhG-CSF during chemoradiotherapy for cervical cancer can effectively prevent neutropenia and associated adverse events. PEG-rhG-CSF may be an effective strategy to provide uninterrupted radical chemoradiotherapy for cervical cancer.
Identification of RUNX1 and IFNGR2 as prognostic-related biomarkers correlated with immune infiltration and subtype differentiation of low-grade glioma
Authors: Zhang Xia , Chu Hongyu , Cheng Yuan , Ren Jie , Wang Wei , Liu Xicheng , Yan Xiaodong
Published: October 2022

Immune cell infiltration occurs in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and influences cancer progression through interaction with tumor cells. Runt-related transcription factors (RUNXs), RUNX1-3, are the master regulators of development and differentiation and are all important to the development of immune cells. However, the role of RUNXs in the immune cells of TME remains unclear. In this study, we first used online related databases and related LGG data from TCGA and CGGA to conduct bioinformatics analysis, which confirmed that RUNXs were significantly and positively correlated with immune infiltration in multiple tumors, especially in low-grade glioma (LGG) and there was the highest correlation between RUNXs and the progress and prognosis of LGG. Furthermore, the functional enrichment analysis revealed that RUNXs might be involved in the inflammatory and immune responses of the biological processes, and RUNXs were tightly associated with the multiple immune checkpoint molecules. Subsequent results confirmed that RUNX1, as an independent prognostic factor for LGG, may target interferon-gamma receptor 2 (IFNGR2) to regulate glioma cell proliferation, invasion, and migration. Besides,we also found that the expression levels of RUNX1 and IFNGR2 were significantly reduced, and their correlation was enhanced in the IDH-mutant subtype. Patients with a high expression of RUNX1 and/or IFNGR2 (HH/H) in the IDH-mutant subtype showed poorer prognosis and significantly increased infiltration of M2 macrophages. This finding implied the possible key role of RUNX1 in the differentiation of IDH mutant subtypes as well as in the formation of tumor microenvironment (TME) infiltration signatures by monitoring IFNGR2.
Experimental investigation and validation of solar PV cooling for enhanced energy conversion efficiency for Indian climatic conditions
Authors: BHAT Pritam , IYENGAR Ananth S. , N Abhilash , KUMAR REDDY Pavan
Published: October 2022

Solar Photovoltaic (PV) cells convert an average of 10 to 15% of the incident solar radiation into electricity and remaining energy is wasted as unused heat energy. The p erformance of solar PV is largely dependent on its operating temperature, which is again dependent on solar irradiation. The efficiency of solar PV reduces the higher PV temperature due to charge carrier recombination. The solar PV efficiency drops considerably wit h increasing temperature. Dust deposition on the surface of solar PV cells reduce incident energy and no technology is commercially available to mitigate the problem. The objective of the present work is to enhance the energy conversion efficiency of solar PV by adopting Front Water (FW) cooling technique. The FW cooling technique maintains the cell temperature at Standard Test Conditions (STC) irrespective of ambient air conditions and also washes away dust deposits, thereby providing maximum energy conversion efficiency specified by the cell manufacturer during the operation with increased lifecycle of solar cells. The experiment was carried out on a 100 W solar panel for a period of 2 weeks and data acquisition system with Arduino controller was used to analyze and maintain STC of the panel to obtain maximum power. The mathematical model of the system was analyzed and obtained results were in good agreement with the experimental measurements. The solar PV panel with FW cooling yielded an efficiency improvement of 9% with 17 W of increased power output at Maximum Power Point (MPP). MATLAB Simulink software is used to model t he FW cooling technique. The model is able to predict the power generated by the solar PV cells for the given irradiance with and without cooling. The developed model can now be utilized to design cooling systems for larger installation of solar PV systems.
Fitness in recovery: impact of exercise in people with substance use disorder in residential treatment
Authors: Dowla Rhiannon J. , Stubley Carolyn , Murnion Bridin , Cayanan Elizabeth , Mavros Yorgi , Hardy Scarlett , Rooney Kieron
Published: October 2022

Background: Opioid use disorder has the lowest quality of life (QOL) and highest disease burden of all substance use disorders (SUD). While opioid treatment does lead to initial improvements in QOL it remains below that of the general population. The integration of exercise programs as an adjunct therapy for SUD is gaining popularity. Previous reviews have indicated that exercise offers significant benefits for QOL, however the evidence in an opioid treatment population is lacking. This study will investigate the impact of a 12-week exercise intervention on QOL and mood in a residential opioid treatment rehabilitation program.

Methods: This is a 12-week single arm intervention with a natural history control. Participants will complete a baseline screening assessing QOL, mood and exercise habits and those who meet criteria for exercise participation will complete an exercise assessment. The exercise program will be delivered twice per week as part of the group therapy program. Exercise sessions will run for approximately 40 minutes and be at an intensity selected by each of the participants.

Conclusions: A recent review indicated that two sessions of exercise for a minimum of 12 weeks leads to an improvement in QOL in general SUD, however, to date minimal studies have been completed in people receiving opioid agonist treatment. Hence, this will be the first study to our knowledge, assessing the role of exercise as an adjunct treatment for QOL in this population.

Trial Registration: This trial has been registered with the Australian New Zealand clinical trials registry ACTRN12622000213741.
The stigma of mental health, homelessness and intellectual disability, development of a national stigma survey with an intersectional gender perspective
Authors: Zamorano Sara , González-Sanguino Clara , Sánchez-Iglesias Iván , Sáiz Jesús , Salazar María , Vaquero Carlos , Guillén Ana I. , Muñoz-Lara Irene , Muñoz Manuel
Published: October 2022

Background: Social stigma towards people with mental health problems, homeless people or people with intellectual disabilities leads to a significant restriction of their human rights. Such stigma, which is associated with different conditions of vulnerability, has been assessed over time through surveys. However, intersectional stigma due to gender is often not assessed in these studies as they only analyse the data for this variable separately. Therefore, presented here is the first national survey in Spain on the social stigma associated with mental health problems, homelessness and intellectual disability. This proposal considers the importance of gender and intersectional stigma.

Methods: A qualitative-quantitative methodology is used by means of a computer assisted web interviewing survey. A gender perspective is proposed both in the development of the questions and in the measurement and analysis of the data. To this end, three versions of the questionnaire are developed: a neutral, a male and a female version.

Conclusions: The results are intended to have an impact on social and equality policies for people with mental disorders, homeless people and people with intellectual disabilities.

Trial Registration: The study has the approval of the deontological commission of the faculty of psychology and is registered in clinical trials.
Clinical approach and diagnosing bladder stone in a 74-year-old man patient: a case report
Authors: Nurcahya I G. N. M. , Suryana K.
Published: October 2022

This article reports a 74-year-old man came to the emergency department with complaint blood in urine, urinary tract symptom such as nocturia, frequency urgency, and cloudy urine. Physical examination showed suprapubic area was hard on palpation. The abdominal X-ray of the patient showed an opaque stone in the bladder. An ultrasound scan showed a multiple bladder stone with the longest stone 1.59 cm in size. Bilateral kidney cyst and the prostate was enlarged with volume ±123.85 cc, IPP 2.29 cm. Entire stone elimination and eradication related BPH and urinary tract infections (UTIs) are the principal goal of the remedy. The patient was treated with Lithotripsy, antibiotics, alpha-blockers, antihypertension medications and showed clinical remission.
A randomized clinical single-center trial comparing antibiotics to surgery for the treatment of computed tomography-uncomplicated acute appendicitis in adults: the Kouba non operative management of acute appendicitis trial protocol
Authors: Bendib Hani , Hadj Mohamed , Slimani Mohamed Rafik , Kissar Meriem , Melouka Mohamed
Published: October 2022

Background: Several Western studies support the idea that some acute appendicitis (AA) can be successfully treated by antibiotics. The rationale for the non-operative treatment is essentially based on the non-futility of the vermicular appendix which seems to play a major role in the pathophysiology of the digestive tract. However, this approach still suffers from a failure rate of around 20-30% in the first year, rising to nearly half of patients within 5 years. In Algeria, appendectomy is still the standard of care. Through rigorous selection, the Kouba non operative management of acute appendicitis (KNOMA) trial aims to determine whether non-operative treatment (NOT) is non-inferior to surgery.

Methods: KNOMA is a randomized, controlled, non-inferiority trial designed to enroll 180 adults with CT-confirmed uncomplicated AA. Participants are randomized to appendectomy or 9 days of antibiotics (Abx). The primary endpoint is the failure rate at 12 months. This trial was designed to take into account the specifics of the Algerian population and practices in Algeria.

Conclusions: This is the first trial in Africa and middle-income countries to evaluate the comparative efficacy of antibiotics and appendectomy for the treatment of CT-confirmed uncomplicated acute appendicitis based on failure rate assessment.

Trial registration: This trial was registered on pactr.org on 28 March 2022 (PACTR202203751640059).
The role of middle ear risk index on the outcome of surgery for chronic otitis media
Authors: Bothra Jitendra , Swami Himanshu , Sahu Pankaj Kumar , Goyal Lovraj
Published: October 2022

Background: Chronic otitis media (COM) is a highly prevalent disease of the middle ear and constitutes a serious health problem worldwide, especially in developing countries. This study was done to evaluate the role of the middle ear risk index (MERI) on the outcome of surgeries for COM in the form of successful graft uptake and improvement in hearing.

Methods: A total of 68 patients of COM were included in this study. Detailed ENT examination and preoperative pure tone audiometry were done in all patients. MERI score was calculated and patients were stratified based on the MERI score. All patients were evaluated at the end of 3 months postoperatively, for the status of graft uptake and improvement in hearing.

Results: The MERI was found to be a remarkable predictor of the outcome of surgeries for COM. The patients with mild MERI scores had a significantly better prognosis than patients with severe MERI scores.

Conclusions: MERI is a very useful and honest predictor of the graft uptake and hearing benefit in patients undergoing surgeries for COM. It has an inverse relation with graft uptake and hearing beneﬁt. Based on the MERI score, the likelihood of surgical success and hearing beneﬁt could be explained to the patient of COM to give them realistic expectations.
Nonsurgical management of class II division 1 malocclusion in an adult patient using fixed functional appliance: A case report
Authors: Rastogi Shikha , Gohilot Avinash , Singh Gurkeerat
Published: October 2022

This case report highlights the effective and efficient usage of fixed functional appliance in the management of class II div 1 malocclusion with retrognathic mandible and deep overbite in an adult individual. Orthognathic surgery and Orthodontic camouflage with premolar extraction were not considered in the present case. The Mandibular Protraction Appliance (MPA type 2) was considered due to ease of fabrication, placing it simultaneously along with fixed mechanotherapy.
Conteúdos em Áudio: o Uso do Podcast como Recurso Educacional na Disciplina de Histologia
Authors: Tosta Sofia , Fernandes Ellen Eduarda , Vasconcellos Luana Marotta Reis de , Salgado Miguel Angel Castillo , Spalding Marianne
Published: October 2022

O crescente uso de ferramentas online e mídias digitais e a velocidade com a qual as informações tornam-se disponíveis ao longo dos últimos anos, vêm requerendo adaptações dos ambientes educacionais. Recentemente, devido às restrições impostas pela pandemia de Covid-19, o mundo presenciou profundas mudanças no cenário educacional, havendo uma verdadeira disruptura no processo de ensino e aprendizagem, que passou forçosamente a ser mediado pelas interfaces digitais. No presente trabalho será apresentada uma experiência, no âmbito das educações realizadas em outras presencialidades, desenvolvida em um curso de Odontologia de uma universidade pública brasileira, durante o período de pandemia. Um podcast, com 20 episódios, foi implementado como recurso educacional complementar, na disciplina de Histologia. O podcast foi disponibilizado na plataforma Spotify e associado a uma conta no Instagram para divulgação e veiculação de material, como resumos e fotos do banco de lâminas da disciplina. Ao término do ano letivo foi enviado um formulário para avaliar a percepção dos estudantes usuários do podcast. O projeto alcançou 1.262 pessoas, incluindo 14 estrangeiros. Dos 87 participantes que responderam o formulário, 89,7% perceberam grande melhora no entendimento da matéria após ouvir o podcast e 96,6% classificaram o conteúdo como excelente. Os resultados trazem uma experiência exitosa durante o ensino remoto emergencial, reforçando a possibilidade da adoção de novas tecnologias digitais, que possam privilegiar atividades à distância e com potencial de gerar maior engajamento e autonomia dos estudantes.

Palavras-chave: Aprendizagem. Tecnologia. Podcast. Histologia.
DEVELOPMENT OF A TEST RIG FOR STUDYING THE HYDRODYNAMIC NOISE LEVEL OF THROTTLE PLATES. CALCULATION OF THE CAVITATION-FREE TEST MODE FOR THE THROTTLE PLATE
Authors: Ermilova E. N. , Vidyaskina A. N. , Ermilov M. A.
Published: October 2022

The article presents the development of a test rig for studying the hydrodynamic noise level of throttle plates. The assembled test rig is being investigated for the presence of its self-generated noise. According to the results of the research, measures were taken to reduce self-generated noise of the test rig. To exclude the occurrence of cavitation processes during the experiments, a calculation was carried out to determine the test conditions for the study of throttle plates.
Rywalizacja Stany Zjednoczone – Chińska Republika Ludowa o hegemonię w wielobiegunowym świecie
Authors: Trejnis Zenon
Published: October 2022

The article presents considerations and opinions on rivalry among USA and PRC for world domination. The US main aim includes maintaining status quo its political, economical and military hegemony. On the other side dynamic globalization processes and polycentric international order favours Chinese growth. PRC became economical and political superpower due to state modernization, new technologies development and military investments. The United States of America are not in a lost position, because PRC has only a privilege to play a role of new world leader.
Women’s Social Nets of Influence: Noble Women’s Relationship in England in the First Half of XVI Century
Authors:   Saratov State University, Abarenova A. I.
Published: October 2022

This article is devoted to the phenomenon of so called “women’s social nets of influence”, which is connected with “women’s power”. On the basis of lady Lisle’s letters the author tried to study the informal influence of an English aristocratic woman in the XVI century and show that the most effective methods were private correspondence, presenting gifts and giving alternative favours.
«Strangers in Parliament!»: the Procedural Incident of 1875 (from History of Political Culture of the Victorian England)
Authors:   Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia, Dronova N. V.
Published: October 2022

The article is devoted to history of periodicals in Great Britain in a context of evolution of democratic institutes of the British society. The problem is considered on an example of one of bright episodes of history of the British parliamentarism of 1875. Work is based on materials of the British parliament, the press, memoirs.
Enterpretation of English Revolution of the XVII Century by M. M. Kovalevsky
Authors:   Voronezh State University, Afonyushkina A. V.
Published: October 2022

The article is concerned with the contribution of one of the most famous Russian liberal scientists to the history of English revolution research – the important problem of European modern history. It was the first contribution to scientific elaboration of this subject in Russia.
The Works on the Social History of England Represented in the Translation from the Foreign Languages in Russia on the Eve of XIX–ХХ Centuries
Authors:   Belarusian State Pedagogical University, Chikalova I. R.
Published: October 2022

The activity on incorporation of the foreign works on social development of England into the intellectual space of Russia is analyzed in the article. The translations into Russian of the works of the outstanding European historians, political science specialists, lawyers, sociologists had become an important and natural respond to the social need in learning of the western and especially British experience, in comparison of the distinctive national development with the achievements of the other peoples. The foreign books were met by the publics with interest. As it is shown in the article their reviews published in the socio-political periodical journals evidence on this.