bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Calculated LDL-cholesterol: comparability of the extended Martin/Hopkins, Sampson/NIH, Friedewald and four other equations in South African patients
Authors: Carelse Amber , Rossouw Helgard M , Steyn Nicolene , Martins Janine , Pillay Tahir S
Published: June 2023

Aims

The reference method for low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) is ultracentrifugation. However, this is unsuitable for routine use and therefore direct LDL-C assays and predictive equations are used. In this study, we compared the Friedewald, extended Martin/Hopkins, Sampson/NIH and four other equations to a direct assay.

Methods

We analysed 44 194 lipid profiles from a mixed South African population. The LDL-C predictive equations were compared with direct LDL-C assay and analysed using non-parametric statistics and error grid analysis.

Results

Both the extended Martin/Hopkins and Sampson/NIH equations displayed the best correlation with direct LDL-C in terms of desirable bias and total allowable error. The direct LDL-C assay classified 13.9% of patients in the low LDL-C (1.0–1.8 mmol/L) category, in comparison to the extended Martin/Hopkins equation (13.4%), the Sampson equation (14.6%) and the Friedewald equation (16.0%). The Sampson/NIH was least biased in the low LDL-C category (<1.8 mmol/L) and produced the least overall clinically relevant errors compared with the extended Martin/Hopkins and Friedewald equations in the low-LDL-C category.

Conclusions

Our findings suggest only a marginal difference between the extended Martin/Hopkins equation and the Sampson/NIH equation with the use of the Beckman Coulter DxC800 analyser in this population. The results favour the implementation of the Sampson/NIH equation when the Beckman Coulter DxC analyser is used, but the extended Martin/Hopkins may also be safely implemented. Both of these equations performed significantly better than the Friedewald equation. We recommend that patients be monitored using one of these methods and that each laboratory perform its own validation of either equation to ensure continuation and accuracy, and to prevent between-method variation.
Optimal duration of dual antiplatelet therapy for stent-assisted coiling or flow diverter placement
Authors: Enomoto Yukiko , Matsubara Hirofumi , Ishihara Takuma , Shoda Kenji , Mizutani Daisuke , Egashira Yusuke , Ishii Akira , Sakamoto Makoto , Sumita Kazutaka , Nakagawa Ichiro , Higashi Toshio , Yoshimura Shinichi
Published: June 2023

Background

Dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) is necessary to prevent thromboembolic complications after stent-assisted coiling (SAC) or flow-diversion (FD) for cerebral aneurysms, but the optimal antiplatelet regimen remains unclear.

Objective

To determine the optimal DAPT duration in patients with SAC/FD.

Methods

This multicenter cohort study enrolled patients who received SAC/FD for cerebral aneurysms at seven Japanese institutions between January 2010 and December 2020. The primary outcome was the time from procedure to the occurrence of a composite of target vessel-related thromboembolic events, procedure-unrelated major bleeding events, or death. The cumulative event-free survival rates were analyzed using a Kaplan–Meier curve, and the differences in each outcome between the groups dichotomized by the duration of DAPT were analyzed using the log-rank test.

Results

Of 632 patients (median observational period, 646 days), primary outcome occurred in 63 patients (10.0%), most frequently within 30 days after the procedure. The cumulative event-free survival rates at 30 days, 1 year, and 2 years after the procedure were 93.3% (91.4 to 95.3%), 91.5% (89.3 to 93.7%), and 89.5% (87.0 to 92.0%), respectively. The cumulative event-free survival rates after switching to monotherapy were similar for the >91 and <90 days DAPT groups in the population limited to patients who were switched from DAPT to monotherapy without major clinical events.

Conclusions

Thromboembolic events rarely occurred beyond 30 days after SAC/FD. The duration of DAPT may be shortened if patients have a periprocedural period without events. Further prospective studies are warranted to determine the optimal duration of antiplatelet therapy.

Trial registration number

UMIN000044122 :https://center6.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr_e/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000050384.
MRTP claim authorisation and General Snus sales in the USA: evidence from a difference-in-differences model
Authors: Liber Alex C , Seidenberg Andrew B , Pesko Michael F
Published: June 2023

Background

The 2009 Tobacco Control Act granted the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regulatory authority over tobacco products, including the ability to authorise modified-risk tobacco product (MRTP) claims. In October 2019, the FDA authorised the first-ever MRTP claim for General Snus, which allowed the product to be marketed as reduced risk (relative to cigarettes). MRTP authorisation may increase otherwise low rates of snus use in the USA (<0.5% for children and adults).

Methods

Using 2017–2021 Nielsen sales data from 19 US states, we conducted a difference-in-differences analysis to determine whether logged unit sales of General Snus were affected by the MRTP authorisation, compared with (1) sales of other snus brands and (2) sales of non-snus smokeless products; we also examined (3) if sales of non-General Snus brands were affected by General Snus’s MRTP authorisation, compared with sales of non-snus smokeless tobacco products.

Results

Although sales declined in absolute terms, sales of General Snus relative to other snus brands were unchanged after MRTP authorisation (−9.0%, 95% CI −19.6% to 1.60%, p=0.098). However, compared with non-snus smokeless brand sales, sales of General Snus (+14.7%, 95% CI 5.23% to 24.2%, p=0.002) rose after MRTP authorisation. Compared with non-snus smokeless products, sales of non-General Snus brands also rose after MRTP authorisation (+23.7%, 95% CI 9.5% to 38.0%, p=0.001).

Conclusions

Although only General Snus received MRTP authorisation, this designation appears to have slowed declines for the entire snus category. This suggests consumers may make determinations regarding product risk to a product class rather than individual products.
Inequalities for the polar derivative of a polynomial with restricted zeros
Authors: Shah W. M. , Rashid Raihana
Published: June 2023

Let [Formula: see text] be a polynomial of degree at most [Formula: see text] with real or complex coefficients, then by a prize winning result of Bernstein [Formula: see text] In this paper, we assume that [Formula: see text] has a zero of multiplicity [Formula: see text] at a point inside the unit disc and the remaining zeros outside or inside the disc of radius [Formula: see text] and prove some Bernstein-type inequalities. We also draw the attention of readers to the wrong conclusion of a result due to [Mir and Wani, A note on two recent results about polynomials with restricted zeros, J. Math. Inequalities, 14 (2020) 45–50].
Utilization of chemostratigraphy to the subregional scale correlation of Permo–Carboniferous sediments, eastern Saudi Arabia
Authors: Craigie Neil William , Scheibe Christian
Published: June 2023

The following chemostratigraphy study was completed on the Permo–Carboniferous Unayzah Group in Eastern Saudi Arabia. The aim of the study was to determine whether the technique could be used to identify formation and member boundaries on a subregional scale, with the area extending for
c.
550 km in a NW–SE direction and 350 km NE–SW. A total of 30 375 core and cuttings samples were analysed from 225 wells using ICP (Inductively Coupled Plasma) and XRF (X-ray Fluorescence) instruments, with data acquired for 42–53 elements for each sample in the range Na-U in the periodic table. Of these, details of 14 wells are discussed in the present work.

Based on variations in Zr/Ti, Zr/U, Zr/Y, Y/U, U/Th, Gd/Zr, Nb/Yb and Nb/Th it is possible to identify a hierarchical order of one zone, four subzones and five divisions, these chemozones being correlative on a subregional scale. By comparing geochemical, biostratigraphic, sedimentological and wireline log data in selected reference wells, it was possible to relate chemozones to particular members of the Unayzah Group. The differences in geochemistry between these chemozones/members is largely explained by changes in provenance, though depositional environment may have exerted at least some influence.
PACMMOD V1 N2 Editorial
Authors: Agrawal Divyakant , Amer-Yahia Sihem , Candan K. Selçuk , Floratou Avrilia , Hacıgümüş Hakan
Published: June 2023

We are excited to welcome you to the second issue of Volume 1 of the Proceedings of the ACM on Management of Data, PACMMOD. In addition to the 76 research track articles (out of 279 Cycle C submissions), this issue also includes peer-reviewed industrial track papers.
RETRACTED: The Review of Carbon Fiber Materials in Automotive Industry
Authors: Wakekar Arun Dadasaheb , Patil Sushant Hanamantrao , Deshmukh Suhas , Thakar Chetan M
Published: June 2023

This paper was retracted by The Electrochemical Society (ECS) on June 21, 2023 following an investigation that revealed that the work was not original to the authors. ECS is investigating why this was not identified during the submission and peer review process by the conference.

As a member of the Committee for Publication Ethics (COPE) this has been investigated in accordance with COPE guidelines and it was agreed the article should be retracted.

The corresponding author agreed with this retraction.

Retraction published: June 21, 2023
Comparison of vestibular input statistics during natural activities and while piloting an aircraft
Authors: Roques Axel , James Yannick , Bargiotas Ioannis , Keriven Serpollet Dimitri , Vayatis Nicolas , Vidal Pierre-Paul
Published: June 2023

Building upon previously published research, this study assesses and compares the vestibular stimuli experienced by healthy subjects in natural tasks and during the interaction with a complex machine: a helicopter simulator. Our results suggest the existence of an anatomical filter, meaning that body posture shapes vestibular spectral content. Our findings further indicate that operators control their machine within a constrained operating range such that they experience vestibular stimulations that are as ecological as possible.
Prevalence of Methicillin-ResistantStaphylococcus aureus and Multidrug-Resistant Strains from Patients Attending the Referral Hospitals of Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia
Authors: Moges Feleke , Tamiru Tadele , Amare Azanaw , Mengistu Getachew , Eshetie Setegn , Dagnew Mulat , Feleke Tigist , Gizachew Mucheye , Abebe Wondwossen
Published: June 2023

Background. Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) causes different types of human infections and can develop resistance to many antibiotics. There is a scarcity of data on the mecA gene and multidrug-resistant (MDR) strain distribution of this organism in developing countries, such as Ethiopia. This study investigated the presence of mecA gene and MDR profile of S. aureus among patients attending referral hospitals of Amhara regional state. Methods. Of the total of 110 isolates collected from Amhara regional referral hospitals, 70 MDR isolates were further processed for isolation of S. aureus mecA gene. Genomic DNA was isolated using a Sigma-Aldrich genomic DNA isolation kit for Gram-positive bacteria. Amplification of S. aureus mecA gene was performed with the amplicon size of 533 bp. Antimicrobial susceptibility test including methicillin resistance was determined by the Kirby–Bauer disc diffusion method. Results. The majority of the isolates were recovered from patients aged less than 5 years (51; 36.7%) and the least number of isolates was recorded in age group greater than 60 years (6; 4.3%). Most of the isolates were from blood (61; 43.9%), followed by wounds (45; 32.4%). A high resistance rate was observed in penicillin (81; 73.6%), followed by cotrimoxazole (78; 70.9%), ceftriaxone (76; 69%), erythromycin (66; 60%), and tetracycline (65; 59.1%). Phenotypically, considering cefoxitin as a surrogate marker, 38 (34.5%) of the isolates were methicillin-resistant. The overall MDR isolates were 80 (72.7%). The PCR amplification result of the mecA gene was 14 (20%). Conclusions and Recommendations. High rates of MDR and methicillin-resistantS. aureus were reported. PCR amplification indicated that 20% of MRSA isolates were the mecA gene carriers. Large-scale studies for the detection of MDR strains of S. aureus including MRSA using molecular techniques should be encouraged in the Amhara region.
Weak Fault Feature Extraction for Rolling Element Bearing Based on a Two-Stage Method
Authors: Jia LianHui , Jiang LiJie , Wen YongLiang , Wang Hongchao
Published: June 2023

Timely and effective feature extraction is the key for fault diagnosis of rolling element bearing (REB). However, fault feature extraction will become very difficult in the early weak fault stage of REB due to the interference of strong background noise. To solve the above difficulty, a two-stage feature extraction method for early weak fault of REB is proposed, which mainly combines feature mode decomposition (FMD) with a blind deconvolution (BD) method. Firstly, based on the impulsiveness and cyclostationary characteristics of the vibration signal of faulty REB, FMD is used to decompose the complex original vibration signal into several modes containing single component. Subsequently, the sparse index (SI) is calculated for each mode, and the mode containing sensitive fault feature is selected for further analysis. Subsequently, apply the deconvolution method on the selected mode for further enhancing the impulsive characteristic. At last, traditional envelope spectrum (ES) analysis is applied on the filtered signal, and satisfactory fault features are extracted. Effectiveness and advantages of the proposed method are verified through experimental and engineering signals of REBs.
Swings in Crude Oil Valuations: Analyzing Their Bearing on China’s Stock Market Returns amid the COVID-19 Pandemic Upheaval
Authors: Teng Zhuoqi , Wu Renhong , He Yugang
Published: June 2023

The advent of the COVID-19 pandemic has markedly affected energy valuations and financial markets. As such, this article aims to scrutinize the dynamic interplay between stock market returns and crude oil prices, with a particular focus on China, factoring in the second-moment effect of volatility spillover. Employing an EGARCH process to model the leverage impact on returns’ volatility, the analysis utilizes daily data spanning from January 30, 2020, to August 30, 2022, and incorporates causality-in-mean and variance assessments. Empirical findings indicate that the QDII-LOF benchmark, representing oil prices, exerts a substantial influence on stock market returns. Nevertheless, the complete sample reveals no discernible spillover effects attributable to oil price fluctuations. These insights imply that the Chinese government’s actions should carefully weigh the ramifications of spillovers. Concurrently, investors are advised to attentively monitor the crude oil market when making portfolio allocation decisions.
Data from Area Deprivation Index in patients with invasive lobular carcinoma of the breast: associations with tumor characteristics and outcomes
Authors: Kaur Mandeep , Patterson Anne , Molina-Vega Julissa , Rothschild Harriet , Clelland Elle , Ewing Cheryl A. , Mujir Firdows , Esserman Laura J. , Olopade Olufunmilayo I. , Mukhtar Rita A.
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background: While investigators have shown associations between socioeconomic status (SES) and outcomes in breast cancer, there is a paucity of such data for invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC), the second most common type of breast cancer. Herein we evaluated the relationship between SES with tumor features and outcomes in stage I-III patients with ILC.

Methods: We analyzed a prospectively maintained institutional ILC database and utilized the Area Deprivation Index (ADI) to determine neighborhood adversity, an indicator of SES. We used Cox proportional hazards models in Stata 17.0 to evaluate relationships between ADI quintile (Q), race, body mass index (BMI), clinicopathologic features, treatment type, and event-free survival (EFS).

Results: Of 804 patients with ILC, 21.4% lived in neighborhoods classified as ADI Q1 (least resource-deprived) and 19.7% in Q5 (most resource-deprived). Higher deprivation was significantly associated with larger tumor size (3.6 cm in Q5 versus 3.1 cm in Q1), increased presence of lymphovascular invasion (8.9% in Q5 versus 6.7% in Q1), and decreased use of adjuvant endocrine therapy (67.1% in Q5 versus 73.6% in Q1). On multivariable analysis, tumor size, receptor subtypes, and omission of adjuvant endocrine therapy were associated with reduced EFS.

Conclusions: These data show that patients with ILC and higher ADI experience more aggressive tumors and differences in treatment. More data evaluating the complex relationships between these factors is needed to optimize outcomes for patients with ILC, regardless of SES.

Impact: ADI is associated with differences in patients with ILC.
Table S1 from A Metabolically Optimized, Noncytotoxic Low-Dose Weekly Decitabine/Venetoclax in MDS and AML
Authors: Levitz David , Saunthararajah Yogen , Fedorov Kateryna , Shapiro Lauren C. , Mantzaris Ioannis , Shastri Aditi , Kornblum Noah , Sica R. Alejandro , Shah Nishi , Konopleva Marina , Gritsman Kira , Braunschweig Ira , Cooper Dennis L. , Pradhan Kith , Verma Amit , Feldman Eric J. , Goldfinger Mendel
Published: June 2023

Supplementary table on representativeness
A Metabolically Optimized, Noncytotoxic Low-Dose Weekly Decitabine/Venetoclax in MDS and AML
Authors: Levitz David , Saunthararajah Yogen , Fedorov Kateryna , Shapiro Lauren C. , Mantzaris Ioannis , Shastri Aditi , Kornblum Noah , Sica R. Alejandro , Shah Nishi , Konopleva Marina , Gritsman Kira , Braunschweig Ira , Cooper Dennis L. , Pradhan Kith , Verma Amit , Feldman Eric J. , Goldfinger Mendel
Published: June 2023

Purpose:

Venetoclax (VEN) added to the hypomethylating agents (HMA) decitabine or azacitidine is the new standard of care for elderly patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and is being evaluated in myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). Current dosing of HMA/VEN relies on leukemia suppression through cytotoxicity which also impacts normal hematopoiesis. A regimen using once-weekly low-dose decitabine (LDDec) has demonstrated activity in myeloid malignancies. To overcome the severe myelosuppression often seen with HMA/VEN, we evaluated a once-weekly dosing regimen of VEN and LDDec in elderly and/or frail patients who were felt less likely to tolerate severe myelosuppression.

Patients and Methods:

This is a retrospective, single-center analysis of patients with AML, MDS, or chronic myelomonocytic leukemia treated with a once-weekly LDDec/VEN regimen. We also compare this regimen with a cohort treated with standard dosing HMA/VEN.

Results:

In a retrospective cohort of 39 patients, the overall response rate for patients receiving LDDec/VEN for first-line AML and MDS was 88% and 64%, respectively. In patients with TP53 mutations, the composite complete response rate was 71% and the median overall survival was 10.7 months. When compared with 36 patients receiving standard dose HMA/VEN, the LDDec/VEN patients had a longer time on therapy (175 vs. 78 days; P = 0.014) and a trend toward a higher rate of transfusion independence (47% vs. 26%; P = 0.33). Neutropenic fever occurred in 31% of patients, with a median of one hospitalization at any point during treatment.

Conclusions:

This preliminary clinical experience, although retrospective, provides proof-of-activity of noncytotoxic DNA methyltransferase 1–targeting by allowing frequent, sustained drug exposure often not possible with standard HMA/VEN regimens.
Supplementary Table S6 from Identification of a ΔNp63-Dependent Basal-Like A Subtype-Specific Transcribed Enhancer Program (B-STEP) in Aggressive Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Wang Xin , Kutschat Ana P. , Aggrey-Fynn Joana , Hamdan Feda H. , Graham Rondell P. , Wixom Alexander Q. , Souto Yara , Ladigan-Badura Swetlana , Yonkus Jennifer A. , Abdelrahman Amro M. , Alva-Ruiz Roberto , Gaedcke Jochen , Ströbel Philipp , Kosinsky Robyn Laura , Wegwitz Florian , Hermann Patrick , Truty Mark J. , Siveke Jens T. , Hahn Stephan A. , Hessmann Elisabeth , Johnsen Steven A. , Najafova Zeynab
Published: June 2023

Supplementary Table S6 contains list of qPCR primers used in the study.
Supplementary Table S8 from Single-Cell Evolutionary Analysis Reveals Drivers of Plasticity and Mediators of Chemoresistance in Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Wollenzien Hannah , Afeworki Tecleab Yohannes , Szczepaniak-Sloane Robert , Restaino Anthony , Kareta Michael S.
Published: June 2023

Oligos and Primer Sequences
Supplementary Table S1 from Identification of a ΔNp63-Dependent Basal-Like A Subtype-Specific Transcribed Enhancer Program (B-STEP) in Aggressive Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Wang Xin , Kutschat Ana P. , Aggrey-Fynn Joana , Hamdan Feda H. , Graham Rondell P. , Wixom Alexander Q. , Souto Yara , Ladigan-Badura Swetlana , Yonkus Jennifer A. , Abdelrahman Amro M. , Alva-Ruiz Roberto , Gaedcke Jochen , Ströbel Philipp , Kosinsky Robyn Laura , Wegwitz Florian , Hermann Patrick , Truty Mark J. , Siveke Jens T. , Hahn Stephan A. , Hessmann Elisabeth , Johnsen Steven A. , Najafova Zeynab
Published: June 2023

Supplementary Table S1 contains list of crRNAs used in the study.
Supplementary Figure S3 from Identification of a ΔNp63-Dependent Basal-Like A Subtype-Specific Transcribed Enhancer Program (B-STEP) in Aggressive Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Wang Xin , Kutschat Ana P. , Aggrey-Fynn Joana , Hamdan Feda H. , Graham Rondell P. , Wixom Alexander Q. , Souto Yara , Ladigan-Badura Swetlana , Yonkus Jennifer A. , Abdelrahman Amro M. , Alva-Ruiz Roberto , Gaedcke Jochen , Ströbel Philipp , Kosinsky Robyn Laura , Wegwitz Florian , Hermann Patrick , Truty Mark J. , Siveke Jens T. , Hahn Stephan A. , Hessmann Elisabeth , Johnsen Steven A. , Najafova Zeynab
Published: June 2023

Verification of P63-dependence and B-STEP enhancer-gene regulations.
Supplementary Figure S2 from Identification of a ΔNp63-Dependent Basal-Like A Subtype-Specific Transcribed Enhancer Program (B-STEP) in Aggressive Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Wang Xin , Kutschat Ana P. , Aggrey-Fynn Joana , Hamdan Feda H. , Graham Rondell P. , Wixom Alexander Q. , Souto Yara , Ladigan-Badura Swetlana , Yonkus Jennifer A. , Abdelrahman Amro M. , Alva-Ruiz Roberto , Gaedcke Jochen , Ströbel Philipp , Kosinsky Robyn Laura , Wegwitz Florian , Hermann Patrick , Truty Mark J. , Siveke Jens T. , Hahn Stephan A. , Hessmann Elisabeth , Johnsen Steven A. , Najafova Zeynab
Published: June 2023

Defining the specificity and P63-dependence of B-STEP
Supplementary Figure S11 from Single-Cell Evolutionary Analysis Reveals Drivers of Plasticity and Mediators of Chemoresistance in Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Wollenzien Hannah , Afeworki Tecleab Yohannes , Szczepaniak-Sloane Robert , Restaino Anthony , Kareta Michael S.
Published: June 2023

Similarity analysis to determine subclonal relationships.
Supplementary Figure S1 from Single-Cell Evolutionary Analysis Reveals Drivers of Plasticity and Mediators of Chemoresistance in Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Wollenzien Hannah , Afeworki Tecleab Yohannes , Szczepaniak-Sloane Robert , Restaino Anthony , Kareta Michael S.
Published: June 2023

Validation of the autochthonous barcoding model.
Data from Identification of a ΔNp63-Dependent Basal-Like A Subtype-Specific Transcribed Enhancer Program (B-STEP) in Aggressive Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Wang Xin , Kutschat Ana P. , Aggrey-Fynn Joana , Hamdan Feda H. , Graham Rondell P. , Wixom Alexander Q. , Souto Yara , Ladigan-Badura Swetlana , Yonkus Jennifer A. , Abdelrahman Amro M. , Alva-Ruiz Roberto , Gaedcke Jochen , Strobel Philipp , Kosinsky Robyn Laura , Wegwitz Florian , Hermann Patrick , Truty Mark J. , Siveke Jens T. , Hahn Stephan A. , Hessmann Elisabeth , Johnsen Steven A. , Najafova Zeynab
Published: June 2023

Abstract
A major hurdle to the application of precision oncology in pancreatic cancer is the lack of molecular stratification approaches and targeted therapy for defined molecular subtypes. In this work, we sought to gain further insight and identify molecular and epigenetic signatures of the basal-like A pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) subgroup that can be applied to clinical samples for patient stratification and/or therapy monitoring. We generated and integrated global gene expression and epigenome mapping data from patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models to identify subtype-specific enhancer regions that were validated in patient-derived samples. In addition, complementary nascent transcription and chromatin topology (HiChIP) analyses revealed a basal-like A subtype-specific transcribed enhancer program (B-STEP) in PDAC characterized by enhancer RNA (eRNA) production that is associated with more frequent chromatin interactions and subtype-specific gene activation. Importantly, we successfully confirmed the validity of eRNA detection as a possible histological approach for PDAC patient stratification by performing RNA in situ hybridization analyses for subtype-specific eRNAs on pathological tissue samples. Thus, this study provides proof-of-concept that subtype-specific epigenetic changes relevant for PDAC progression can be detected at a single cell level in complex, heterogeneous, primary tumor material.

Implications: Subtype-specific enhancer activity analysis via detection of eRNAs on a single cell level in patient material can be used as a potential tool for treatment stratification.
Supplementary Table 1 from Granulocyte–Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor Influence on Soluble and Membrane-Bound ICOS in Combination with Immune Checkpoint Blockade
Authors: Li Xiaoyu , Li Jingjing , Zheng Yue , Lee Sandra J. , Zhou Jun , Giobbie-Hurder Anita , Butterfield Lisa H. , Dranoff Glenn , Hodi F. Stephen
Published: June 2023

Supplementary table 1
Supplementary Figure Legends from Granulocyte–Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor Influence on Soluble and Membrane-Bound ICOS in Combination with Immune Checkpoint Blockade
Authors: Li Xiaoyu , Li Jingjing , Zheng Yue , Lee Sandra J. , Zhou Jun , Giobbie-Hurder Anita , Butterfield Lisa H. , Dranoff Glenn , Hodi F. Stephen
Published: June 2023

Supplementary figure legends
Table S1 from CD69 Imposes Tumor-Specific CD8+ T-cell Fate in Tumor-Draining Lymph Nodes
Authors: Koyama-Nasu Ryo , Kimura Motoko Y. , Kiuchi Masahiro , Aoki Ami , Wang Yangsong , Mita Yukiyoshi , Hasegawa Ichita , Endo Yukihiro , Onodera Atsushi , Hirahara Kiyoshi , Motohashi Shinichiro , Nakayama Toshinori
Published: June 2023

Table S1
Supplementary Figure 7 from Granulocyte–Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor Influence on Soluble and Membrane-Bound ICOS in Combination with Immune Checkpoint Blockade
Authors: Li Xiaoyu , Li Jingjing , Zheng Yue , Lee Sandra J. , Zhou Jun , Giobbie-Hurder Anita , Butterfield Lisa H. , Dranoff Glenn , Hodi F. Stephen
Published: June 2023

Supplementary Figure 7
TABLE 2 from Optimizing Precision Medicine for Breast Cancer Brain Metastases with Functional Drug Response Assessment
Authors: Morikawa Aki , Li Jinju , Ulintz Peter , Cheng Xu , Apfel Athena , Robinson Dan , Hopkins Alex , Kumar-Sinha Chandan , Wu Yi-Mi , Serhan Habib , Verbal Kait , Thomas Dafydd , Hayes Daniel F. , Chinnaiyan Arul M. , Baladandayuthapani Veerabhadran , Heth Jason , Soellner Matthew B. , Merajver Sofia D. , Merrill Nathan
Published: June 2023

Drug responses (DSS3 values) matched to potentially actionable genomic alterations in BCBM PDX models
Supplementary Data S8 from Optimizing Precision Medicine for Breast Cancer Brain Metastases with Functional Drug Response Assessment
Authors: Morikawa Aki , Li Jinju , Ulintz Peter , Cheng Xu , Apfel Athena , Robinson Dan , Hopkins Alex , Kumar-Sinha Chandan , Wu Yi-Mi , Serhan Habib , Verbal Kait , Thomas Dafydd , Hayes Daniel F. , Chinnaiyan Arul M. , Baladandayuthapani Veerabhadran , Heth Jason , Soellner Matthew B. , Merajver Sofia D. , Merrill Nathan
Published: June 2023

DSS3 values for chemotherapies commonly used in breast cancer treatment
Supplementary Data S7 from Optimizing Precision Medicine for Breast Cancer Brain Metastases with Functional Drug Response Assessment
Authors: Morikawa Aki , Li Jinju , Ulintz Peter , Cheng Xu , Apfel Athena , Robinson Dan , Hopkins Alex , Kumar-Sinha Chandan , Wu Yi-Mi , Serhan Habib , Verbal Kait , Thomas Dafydd , Hayes Daniel F. , Chinnaiyan Arul M. , Baladandayuthapani Veerabhadran , Heth Jason , Soellner Matthew B. , Merajver Sofia D. , Merrill Nathan
Published: June 2023

PDX molecular profiling
Supplementary Data S4 from Optimizing Precision Medicine for Breast Cancer Brain Metastases with Functional Drug Response Assessment
Authors: Morikawa Aki , Li Jinju , Ulintz Peter , Cheng Xu , Apfel Athena , Robinson Dan , Hopkins Alex , Kumar-Sinha Chandan , Wu Yi-Mi , Serhan Habib , Verbal Kait , Thomas Dafydd , Hayes Daniel F. , Chinnaiyan Arul M. , Baladandayuthapani Veerabhadran , Heth Jason , Soellner Matthew B. , Merajver Sofia D. , Merrill Nathan
Published: June 2023

Ipathway analysis table
Supplementary Data S3a and S3b from Optimizing Precision Medicine for Breast Cancer Brain Metastases with Functional Drug Response Assessment
Authors: Morikawa Aki , Li Jinju , Ulintz Peter , Cheng Xu , Apfel Athena , Robinson Dan , Hopkins Alex , Kumar-Sinha Chandan , Wu Yi-Mi , Serhan Habib , Verbal Kait , Thomas Dafydd , Hayes Daniel F. , Chinnaiyan Arul M. , Baladandayuthapani Veerabhadran , Heth Jason , Soellner Matthew B. , Merajver Sofia D. , Merrill Nathan
Published: June 2023

Genomic comparison across the different metastatic sites compared to the matched primary. A. Genomic alterations across metastatic sites compared to matched primary B. Copy number variations across metastatic sites compared to matched primary
Supplementary Data S2 from Optimizing Precision Medicine for Breast Cancer Brain Metastases with Functional Drug Response Assessment
Authors: Morikawa Aki , Li Jinju , Ulintz Peter , Cheng Xu , Apfel Athena , Robinson Dan , Hopkins Alex , Kumar-Sinha Chandan , Wu Yi-Mi , Serhan Habib , Verbal Kait , Thomas Dafydd , Hayes Daniel F. , Chinnaiyan Arul M. , Baladandayuthapani Veerabhadran , Heth Jason , Soellner Matthew B. , Merajver Sofia D. , Merrill Nathan
Published: June 2023

Molecular aberrations comparing paired primary breast cancer and brain metastases: Group A case series.
Supplementary Data S1a and S1b from Optimizing Precision Medicine for Breast Cancer Brain Metastases with Functional Drug Response Assessment
Authors: Morikawa Aki , Li Jinju , Ulintz Peter , Cheng Xu , Apfel Athena , Robinson Dan , Hopkins Alex , Kumar-Sinha Chandan , Wu Yi-Mi , Serhan Habib , Verbal Kait , Thomas Dafydd , Hayes Daniel F. , Chinnaiyan Arul M. , Baladandayuthapani Veerabhadran , Heth Jason , Soellner Matthew B. , Merajver Sofia D. , Merrill Nathan
Published: June 2023

S1a. Breast cancer brain metastases cohort (Group A) selection S1b. Clinical characteristics of breast cancer brain metastases cohort (Group A)
FIGURE 3 from Optimizing Precision Medicine for Breast Cancer Brain Metastases with Functional Drug Response Assessment
Authors: Morikawa Aki , Li Jinju , Ulintz Peter , Cheng Xu , Apfel Athena , Robinson Dan , Hopkins Alex , Kumar-Sinha Chandan , Wu Yi-Mi , Serhan Habib , Verbal Kait , Thomas Dafydd , Hayes Daniel F. , Chinnaiyan Arul M. , Baladandayuthapani Veerabhadran , Heth Jason , Soellner Matthew B. , Merajver Sofia D. , Merrill Nathan
Published: June 2023

Comparisons of potentially significant molecular alterations observed in the paired clinical tumor tissue samples and the PDX models. In addition to the paired resected brain metastases and PDX samples, the molecular alterations observed in other disease sites (primary and distant metastases) are listed when the archived samples were available for sequencing. When applicable, the OncoKB levels are noted to indicate the level of evidence currently available for targeted drug therapies.
FIGURE 2 from Optimizing Precision Medicine for Breast Cancer Brain Metastases with Functional Drug Response Assessment
Authors: Morikawa Aki , Li Jinju , Ulintz Peter , Cheng Xu , Apfel Athena , Robinson Dan , Hopkins Alex , Kumar-Sinha Chandan , Wu Yi-Mi , Serhan Habib , Verbal Kait , Thomas Dafydd , Hayes Daniel F. , Chinnaiyan Arul M. , Baladandayuthapani Veerabhadran , Heth Jason , Soellner Matthew B. , Merajver Sofia D. , Merrill Nathan
Published: June 2023

Heat map from the Hallmark gene sets GSVA comparing the paired brain metastases and primary breast tumor (Group A). HR, hormone receptor; HER2, human epidermal growth factor 2.
A New Cycler for Automated Peritoneal Dialysis to Provide Efficient Dialysis and Improved Sleep Quality
Authors: Torres Rubén , Flores Lorena , Morales Miguel , Morales Rina , Machuca Eduardo , Gauly Adelheid , Atiye Saynab , Stauss-Grabo Manuela , De los Ríos Tatiana
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Automated peritoneal dialysis (APD) employs cyclers to control inflow and outflow of the dialysis fluid to the patient’s abdomen. To allow more patients to use this modality, cyclers should support the achievement of an adequate dialysis dose and be easy to use, cost-effective, and silent. The new SILENCIA cycler (Fresenius Medical Care, Bad Homburg, Germany), designed to improve these characteristics in comparison to its predecessor device, was evaluated in this respect in a prospective study. Methods: This cross-over study comprised two 2-week study periods, separated by a 3-week training phase. First, patients underwent APD with their current cycler (PD-NIGHT [Fresenius Medical Care, Bad Homburg, Germany] or HomeChoice Pro [Baxter, Deerfield, IL, USA] as control), followed by training on the SILENCIA cycler. Then, patients were switched to the SILENCIA cycler. During each treatment period, we collected data on total Kt/Vurea, ultrafiltration (UF) volume, patient-reported outcomes (sleep quality, among others), and device handling. Results: Sixteen patients were enrolled; 2 patients terminated the study prematurely before study intervention, 1 patient due to a protocol violation. In 13 patients, total Kt/Vurea and UF could be evaluated. Neither Kt/Vurea nor UF differed significantly between control and SILENCIA cyclers. Out of 10 patients answering the questionnaire on sleep quality after the 2-week phase with the SILENCIA cycler, sleep quality improved in 5 patients; in the other patients, sleep quality was rated unchanged compared to the previously used cycler. The average reported sleep time was 5.9 ± 1.8 h with the PD-NIGHT, 7.2 ± 2.1 h with HomeChoice Pro, and 8.0 ± 1.6 h with the SILENCIA cycler. All patients were much or very much satisfied with the new cycler. Conclusion: The SILENCIA cycler delivers adequate urea clearance and UF. Importantly, sleep quality improved, possibly related to less caution messages and alarms.
CMKLR1 Antagonist Alpha-NETA Protects against Diabetic Nephropathy in Mice
Authors: Peng Zining , Wang Xueyi , Zhu Qing , Wang Huili , Li Bing , Pang Xinxin , Han Jiarui
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a common complication in diabetic patients. Chemerin, a novel adipokine, has been associated with renal damage in DN. The chemerin chemokine-like receptor 1 (CMKLR1) has been reported to participate in DN. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of a CMKLR1 antagonist, 2-(anaphthoyl)ethyltrimethylammonium iodide (α-NETA), on DN. Methods: To induce diabetes, 8-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were given a single intraperitoneal injection of 65 mg/kg streptozotocin (STZ). Diabetic mice were randomly assigned to receive daily doses of 0, 5, or 10 mg/kg α-NETA for 4 weeks. Results: α-NETA dose-dependently induced body weight and reduced fasting blood glucose levels in STZ-induced diabetic mice. Furthermore, α-NETA significantly reduced the expressions of renal injury markers, including serum creatinine, kidney weight/body weight, urine volume, total proteins, and albumin in the urine, and increased creatinine clearance. Periodic acid-Schiff staining also indicated that α-NETA could effectively ameliorate renal injuries in DN mice. In addition, α-NETA inhibited renal inflammation and the expressions of chemerin and CMKLR1 in mice with DN. Conclusion: In summary, our findings suggested that α-NETA has beneficial effects on the management of DN. Specifically, α-NETA effectively ameliorated renal damage and inflammation in a dose-dependent manner in mice with DN. Thus, targeting the chemerin and CMKLR1 axis with α-NETA may be a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of DN.
Subconjunctival Ocular Argyrosis following Treatment with Ruthenium 106 Brachytherapy for Choroidal Melanoma
Authors: Khasati Aya , Thaung Caroline , Mudhar Hardeep Singh , Wagner Bart , Goggin Patricia , Stoker Ian , Sagoo Mandeep S. , Damato Bertil , Quhill Hibba
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Ruthenium-106 (Ru-106) brachytherapy is one of the commonest eye-sparing treatments for choroidal melanoma. These patients require long-term surveillance of the treated tumour remnant to ensure there is no local recurrence. New or progressive pigmented lesions in treated eyes are often regarded as suspicious – especially if there are concerns of extra-scleral extension. Case Presentations: We present two cases of posterior choroidal melanoma treated five and 10 years previously with Ru-106. Both cases developed subconjunctival dark/black lesions on the anterior surface of the eye in the quadrant of the conjunctival peritomy during Ru-106 treatment. Both had similar findings on histopathology: black, non-organic, particulate foreign material of varying confluence deposited on elastin and collagen fibres. Energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis confirmed the material contained silver. Discussion: The Ru-106 applicator consists of a radioactive core of Ru-106 encapsulated within pure silver as a radiation shield. During surgical insertion, stainless steel suture needles and forceps can occasionally scratch the applicator’s silver eyelets and scatter microscopic particles of elemental silver into the operative field. These particles were likely deposited within the subconjunctival tissues of these patients during brachytherapy administration, leading to localised ocular argyrosis. Iatrogenic ocular argyrosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of new pigmented lesions in patients treated with Ru-106 brachytherapy. This study is the first to unequivocally identify the cause of some post-brachytherapy ocular surface pigmentation as caused by silver.
The Shift of Gotong Royong Value of Karo Community in the Area around Mount Sinabung
Authors: Purba Gufanta Hendryko , Sundawa Dadang
Published: June 2023

This study is to find out the factors that Cause the shift in the value of gotong royong under the foot of Mount Sinabung. People who live in the foot of Sinabung mountain, used to be famous for the value of gotong royong that Inherent in every day of their daily life. Both in agriculture, as well as in traditional events, karo people have close values of gotong royong, in the form of joy and in the form of sorrow. However, at the time of the eruption, there was a huge impact on karo people, especially the shift in the value of gotong royong. So, the qualitative approach is chosen in this study with documentation methods, observation techniques and interviews. The findings of this study showed that as for the factors that led to the shift in the value of gotong royong among others, the eruption of Mount Sinabung, materialistic attitudes and individualistic lack of community participation in holding closely the value of gotong royong, plus the flow of modernization or globalization. It is expected that the government and the community cooperate to realize the values of gotong royong who are experiencing youth, socializing the planting of the value of gotong royong karo community, so that the younger generation will continue to preserve the value of gotong royong Karo community.
Interconnection and Separation: Medieval Perspectives on the Modern Problem of the “Global Middle Ages”
Authors: Berend Nora
Published: June 2023

Abstact

This article argues that “global” is both too vague and too misleading a term to help conceptualize the Middle Ages. It is used for too many diverse phenomena, and criticism of the term by modernists has not been taken on board. Instead of borrowing and distorting this concept to make it fit, we should look at the nature and range of both interconnection and separation in our period, and create concepts based on our source-material. The medieval evidence shows that through the narrow channels, through the segmented and broken-up chains of communication, knowledge and objects can still flow. Superficial similarities to modern connectivity (for example trade) may hide real divergence, such as the motivation for the spice trade, which was related to searching for earthly paradise. Remoteness and separation were seen and described by medieval authors, but in reality both separation and connection were more ambiguous phenomena. Limited interconnection between areas of the globe did not dampen universal aspirations for the spread of Christianity. Finally, the mechanism of declared Christian religious superiority contrasted with the way in which Christianity gobbled up other traditions, ingesting and transforming them in its own image, while refusing to acknowledge this incorporation. This creophagous attitude characterized Christian relations to Judaism, Arabic science and pagan philosophy: strong interconnection coexisted with explicitly stated separateness.
Converting the Land: Property, Legal Knowledge, and Documentary Practices in Toledo and the Ebro Valley, 1085–c. 1200 CE
Authors: García-Velasco Rodrigo
Published: June 2023

This article examines the drafting of land contracts and the evolution of local property law in key regional centers of power during the transition from Islamic to Christian rule in eleventh- and twelfth-century Iberia. Through the analysis of a range of Arabic and Latin property land sales preserved in the ecclesiastical archives of Toledo and the Ebro valley, the following study looks for signs of potential legal and documentary diffusion taking place as a result of the Christian conquests of the Middle and Upper Marches of al-Andalus. The paper explores the relationship between property and its transfer, on the one hand, and the emerging post-conquest documentary cultures, on the other. It studies borrowings between Latin and Arabic land documents, some of which can be associated with Andalusī property and contract law. The article links this transfer of knowledge to the legal and economic interests of the religious institutions that preserved the Arabic documents, highlighting how new dioceses and monasteries reclaimed the rights and benefits associated with former mosques. Such findings are framed as part of the active preservation and engagement of local property knowledge and Islamicate documentary practices, and their recycling for the post-conquest management and reorganization of the land.
On a Painted Burial Jar from Tigranakert of Artsakh
Authors: Gabrielyan Armine
Published: June 2023

The article is devoted to one of the jar burials discovered in 2018 during excavations of the Eastern tomb field of Tigranakert of Artsakh. That is a gorgeous painted karas with ornamental and figurative bands of various motifs painted in red on a light background. The central and widest part of the vessel bears a depiction of a deer hunting scene happening on both sides of a dense tree with scattered branches. An infantryman and two horsemen armed with long spears and accompanied by hunting dogs, chase a doe and a deer. Hunting scene has been popular and widespread since ancient times. Deer hunting scene is found among the petroglyphs of the Armenian Highlands, on the bronze belts and other decorative-applied works of art from the ancient sites of Armenia and neighboring countries. This theme is especially prevalent in Achaemenid glyptic, in the fine arts of the Classical period, and in the toreutics of the Sasanian period.
Phonic Convergence in Estonian Yiddish
Authors: Verschik Anna , Pajusalu Karl
Published: June 2023

Multilingualism is a characteristic feature of Yiddish speakers in the Baltic region, and contact-induced language change is natural in this case. To date, some Baltic German impact on the local varieties of Yiddish has been discussed in the literature. This article focuses on the phonic impact of Estonian on Estonian Yiddish. The study is based on acoustic analysis of Estonian Yiddish sound recordings. The North Baltic area forms a separate region in the Baltic Sprachbund; Yiddish spoken in Samogitia and Courland as well as Estonian Yiddish exhibit several features typical of this language area. It is demonstrated that there is an overlap of basic prosodic categories with co-territorial languages, such as centralized stress and a quantity opposition. A distinctive feature common to Estonian and Estonian Yiddish is the limited reduction of vowels and a tendency to maintain stable durational ratios of the primary stressed syllable and following unstressed syllables.
Development of anther and sectile pollinium in Herminium lanceum (Thunb. ex Sw.) Vuijk-a massulate orchid
Authors: Kant Ravi
Published: June 2023

The role of anther characteristics in orchid taxonomy, cladistic analysis, and understanding the development and evolution of various traits is significant. Therefore, Herminium lanceum (Thunb. ex Sw.) Vuijk was selected for the study due to the lack of information about these characteristics. In this taxon, anther primordium developed two thecae directed towards the lateral side, which produced wedge-shaped, rectangular or triangular massulae through repeated mitotic divisions of archesporial cells. The anther wall developed from the outer secondary parietal layer and inner secondary parietal layer, made up of epidermis, endothecium, a middle layer, and tapetum. Each theca had a central septum that divided it into two microsporangia. Tapetum of dual origin was observed. Cytokinesis produced isobilateral, tetrahedral, linear, T-shaped and decussate types of microspore tetrads. Each microspore had a smaller lenticular generative cell and a larger spherical vegetative cell, which were formed by the mitotic division of the nucleus. Additionally, the endothecium developed ring-shaped fibrous thickenings. Massulae of two locules were united to the reticulum and formed bipartite sectile pollinium.
China and the United States in the South Pacific Ocean: Will Strategic Competition or Practical Cooperation Drive the Future Development
Authors: Hong Nong
Published: June 2023

The South Pacific Ocean is emerging as an arena of U.S.-China strategic competition while the practices of the two countries in some areas suggest that the model of cooperation could benefit the regional States. It is hard to foresee whether competition or cooperation will drive the future development of the South Pacific or whether the two phenomena may co-exist. It is determined not only by policies taken by the two States themselves and their perspective engagements with both external stakeholders and regional States. Also, it is critical to understand how the regional states view the United States and China and how they are responding to U.S.-China competition.
Bangladesh: The Territorial Waters and Maritime Zones (Amendment) Act of 2021
Authors: Hosen Muhammad Farhad
Published: June 2023

Bangladesh passed the Territorial Waters and Maritime Zones in 1974. In 2001, Bangladesh became a State Party to the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (unclos). In 2012 and 2014, Bangladesh resolved its maritime disputes with Myanmar and India, respectively. These developments necessitated the amendment of the 1974 law. In 2021, the Territorial Waters and Maritime Zones (Amendment) Act of 2021 was enacted into law. The law brings the domestic legislation of Bangladesh into conformity with unclos and establishes the sovereignty of Bangladesh over its maritime areas and offshore resources in order to facilitate the exploration and extraction of its marine resources. This article highlights significant changes and provisions in the new law.