bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Afghanistan during Taliban 2.0 Heading Towards Devastation
Authors: Achakzai Nasseb Khan
Published: March 2024

Afghanistan is passing through a crucial stage of history since the Taliban 2.0 have assumed the reign of power in August 2021 through Doha accord with America and its allies by toppling a national government led by President Ashraf Ghani. The one-year and four mouths of the Conservative Taliban regime has played havoc with the economy, health, education, and human rights situation in the country. While at the same time, the country is facing horrific international isolation where no country in the world has formally recognized the government. After the 9/11 attack, the Taliban 1.0 government was toppled national governments were formulated two times each by Hamid Karzai and Ashraf Ghani. It has been almost 1 year and 4 months since the Taliban have retaken the country after two decades in August 2021. Since then the state has been witnessing gigantic changes in the economic, political, diplomatic, human rights, education, and health sectors. Although the situation concerning these spheres was not good prior to the Taliban’s regime on the other side, it was far better than today’s Afghanistan. Although much has been written on the conditions of social, economic, political, education, health, and basic human rights during the Taliban rule but the ongoing research will focus on a comparative analysis of indicators before the Taliban regime and the current Taliban regime itself and their incompetency and will prove that the country is witnessing a great leap backward during the current Taliban regime. In the end, the research will concentrate on the best possible policy options for the Taliban to be taken to steer the country out of these whirlpools.
Prevalence of Carpel Tunnel Syndrome among IT Professionals of Rawalpindi and Islamabad
Authors: Kiyani Mubin Mustafa
Published: March 2024

Carpal tunnel syndrome is a common problem that is caused by the pressure exerted on the medial nerve which causes pain, tingling, weakness, and numbness in the arm and hand. This syndrome is mostly related to repetitive movement of the hand and wrists. The current study aimed to find out the prevalence of carpal tunnel syndrome and its associated symptoms among IT professionals. The main objective of this study was to identify the incidence of carpel tunnel syndrome and its associated symptoms among IT professionals. This Cross-Sectional Survey was conducted on 400 IT professionals working at the IT departments of Pak China Investment Company Limited, Attock Refinery Limited, and Pakistan Statistical House of Data. The sampling technique for the selection of research subjects was purposive sampling. The data was collected through a self-structured questionnaire for carpal tunnel syndrome. Data were analyzed by SPSS 23. Out of 400 participants the total numbers of males reported were 212 (53%) and the total number of female reported in this study was 188 (47%). The mean age ± SD of participants reported in this study was 43.05 ±7.71 years. For mean ± SD of total working hours came out to be as 9.2 ± 1.5 hours per day. Out of 400 participants, 108(18.2%) reported tingling and numbness in their hands. The mean ± SD for the right and left wrist joint flexion range of motion was 64o± 12.8. For the extension range of motion mean ±SD for extension in both right and left wrist joints was 64o± 12.8. For ulnar deviation in both the right and left wrist joints of the individuals mean ± SD was 24o± 8.30. For radial deviation in both the right and left wrist joints of the individuals mean ± SD was 20o± 5.53. It was concluded that a relatively low prevalence of carpal tunnel syndrome was found among IT professionals. However, IT professionals were also experiencing discomfort and pain in their wrist/hand region due to their work. This unpleasant experience of pain and discomfort could be a future predictor of carpal tunnel syndrome.
The Impact of Burnout on the Psychological Well-being of ESL Students in Higher Education Environment
Authors: Raza Syeda Aleeza
Published: March 2024

This quantitative study delved into the intricate relationship between language learning and psychological well-being, emphasising its importance in holistic educational approaches, specifically for English as a Second Language (ESL) learners only. The demanding nature of SLA is emphasised as a significant consequence, guiding this exploration within the theoretical framework of Maslach's theory of burnout. The quantitative study involved 207 ESL students, obtained through convenience sampling, in Karachi Pakistan, utilising the Maslach Burnout Inventory-English Student Survey and the Psychological Well-Being Scale to measure burnout and psychological well-being (PWB). The gathered data was analysed using SPSS version 25. The results reveal a significant negative correlation between psychological well-being and burnout, with burnout emerging as a significant negative predictor of students' psychological states. These findings emphasise the need for proactive strategies to address burnout in ESL education, promoting mental health and fostering supportive learning environments. Ultimately, this research contributes a growing body of literature to the field, emphasising the paramount importance of nurturing the well-being of ESL students as they navigate the path to language proficiency in our interconnected global society.
Leadership Styles Predict Conflict Management Styles Evidence from Education Sector in AJ&K
Authors: Iqbal Muhammad
Published: March 2024

This current research study aimsat finding relationship between leadership styles of secondary school principals with conflict management styles. Important objective of the current research study was, to find relationship between leadership styles and principals conflict management styles. Another objective was to ascertain difference in leadership styles and styles of conflict management. All heads of both government and private educational institution at secondary school level were the population of this research. Total 155 school heads were selected as sample size of the study through Krejice & Morgan sample selection table. Standard questionnaires were used for data collection. Significant and positive relationship was found between leadership styles and conflict management styles of school principals. Public school heads possessed autocratic styles of leadership as most opted style and laissez-fair was most favored leadership style of private school principals. There was difference in conflict management styles of school principals. All three null hypotheses were rejected.
Protest In Iran Women Rights, Genesis, Implications, And Possible Scenarios
Authors: Kasi Adil Zaman
Published: March 2024

Mahsa Amini, a 22-year-old Kurdish woman was killed in the fall of 2022 and since then, the government has been the target of widespread protests around the nation. The Iranian Morality Police beat and killed Masha Amini while she was being held by the police on September 16, 2022, for failing to adhere to the advised clothing code (Hijab). Because of that murder, anti-government protests have spread across the nation in which not only women but males and other economically struggling groups such as students, workers, and even the wealthy have also joined the protest. The state of women's rights in Iran will be the main topic of this study. It will also examine the nation's socio-economic circumstances, which have been becoming worse every day. Additionally, the ongoing research will clarify the origin of Morality police which has implemented the Hijab law. At the same time, this study will articulate as to how the current waves of protests are different from the previous movements. Finally yet importantly, this current inquisition will analyze the implications of the ongoing movement with special focus as to will this movement be succeeded in toppling the authoritarian regime along with the possible scenarios in future?
Impact of Pre, During and Post COVID-19 on Stock Returns Empirical Evidence from Selected SAARC Countries
Authors: Ahmad Nawaz
Published: March 2024

The COVID period was declared the worst phase for all the nations in the world, and it influenced human health as well as the entire financial system of the countries. Coronavirus has created uncertainty in the global market, education systems, businesses and financial market. For the first in history, the stock market of SAARC countries was drastically impacted for the most extended period due to the coronavirus. Among eight countries, the economy of India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Sri Lanka was incredibly hit because of the larger population and the inability to implement proper lockdown among these nations. This study analyses the pre-during-post effect of COVID-19 on selected SAARC countries of stock. The main objective of this research is to know how COVID-19 influences these stock indices in the three mentioned periods. For this study, secondary data was collected from the www.investing.com website for BSX, PSX, CSX and DSX indices. This research is mainly based on the daily closing price of indices. To find the returns of these four indices, the data were treated in Microsoft Excel. In addition, descriptive statistics and multiple mean comparison tests were done to analyse the different results. According to the result of descriptive statistics concerning the market and COVID-wise, returns of Bombay, Colombo, and the Pakistan stock exchange were positive over the period. According to the result of Multiple Mean comparisons in terms of COVID-wise, among the four stock indices, Bombay and Pakistan stock returns are positive, and market-wise, no statistical difference occurs in the average return value of pre-COVID, during-COVID, and post-COVID.
The Prevention of Electronic Crimes Act (PECA) 2016 Understanding the Challenges in Pakistan
Authors: Iqbal Muhammad
Published: March 2024

Cybercrime (e.g., hacking, phishing, and spreading false news) is a criminal activity performed through computing machines. The frequency of these kinds of activities is increasing at a fast pace around the globe and damaging society with financial losses and trust. Miniaturization of computing and the compulsion of web usage in our daily lives are two significant factors that are becoming more pervasive in a rapid increase of cyber security issues, making it a complex problem to tackle. The detection and prevention of cybercrime is paramount for any lawful country. Cybercrime can occur anywhere at any time, and ultimately, the outcome could be devastating. The availability of cyber laws is the first step towards resolving this issue. Still, unfortunately, Pakistani lawmaker institutions, i.e., the National Assembly and Senate of Pakistan, passed the Cybercrime Act very late, i.e., in 2016. Fighting against Cybercrimes in Pakistan is challenging because we still lack a professional workforce and technology. Pakistan is one of the major victims of this problem. This study mainly focuses on the legislation passed by the Government of Pakistan with the Prevention of Electronic Crimes Act, 2016" followed by analyzing these cyber laws in tackling cybercrime cases.
Ranking Academic Facilities Provision in Consonance with 21st Century Reformations for the Madrasah Talibs in Pakistan
Authors: Hashmi Arshad Hussain
Published: March 2024

The Present study deals with the academic facility provision in Pakistani Madaris. This study aims to explore the provided facilities by Madaris in consonance with the 21st century to compete with all other institutions on national and international levels in Pakistan. All the Talibs (learners) and Muslim (teachers) of Madaris were the population of the study. The population consisted of 3085 registered Madaris in Pakistan. Out of these, 10 residential Madaris were selected through a purposive sampling technique. From each selected Madrassah, 15 respondents (5 teachers and 10 students) were selected thus making a sample size of 150 respondents respectively. The collected data was analyzed with the help of SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) to draw conclusions and results. The data retrieved from the respondents identified that the existing Madaris require up gradation of internal and external facilities to match and cope with the 21st century skill. Major problem stated by the respondents were: financial issues, patronage from the Government for provision of facilities, teacher training workshops, provision of vocational education and ICT facilities. The research recommends that the governmental organizations should supervise and support the Madaris like other educational institutions because it is the responsibility of the government to provide religious education like other education.
Quality of Academic Environment in Relation to Availability and Usage of Technology, Teachers’ Awareness and Leadership of Principals in Schools for Hearing Impaired
Authors: Ali Shahid
Published: March 2024

The study looked at the use of assistive technology in special schools for children with hearing impairments, as well as its usefulness, teachers' attitudes toward technology, and the differences between public and private schools. A poll of instructors was undertaken, with an overall response rate of 88%. The study included tools with clear instructions and explanations, such as the Assistive Technology Availability Checklist and the Assistive Technology Use Scale for Teachers in Deaf Schools. The findings advocated for the use of assistive technology in deaf education, highlighting the necessity of specific talents such as core pedagogy, topic comprehension, expanded curriculum, and communication. Teachers must also be knowledgeable about Deaf culture, assistive technology, and inclusive education. Technology can transform society by increasing differentiation, diminishing isolation, and providing new opportunities. Finally, the research confirms the rising usage of assistive technology in deaf education and shows differences in technology utilization by instructors in various roles. Training and professional development are required for targeted assistance.
Qualitative Exploration of Challenges and Management of Migraine among Pakistani Female University Students
Authors: Firdous Maryum
Published: March 2024

A migraine is a health condition of recurrent headaches with symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and sensitivity to light and sound. Migraine attacks can last up to a few hours to several days. Although it is a physiological condition, it is reported to cause psychological problems such as mood disorders and social issues. This study aimed to gain insight into the experiences associated with migraines among female university students. Challenges associated with migraines at emotional, cognitive, social, and physical levels were explored. Migraine management mechanisms were also explored. A qualitative study was conducted where in-depth interviews were taken from 10 participants. The participants were approached through snowball sampling with inclusion criteria of being a female university student diagnosed with migraine for at least three months. The thematic analysis was conducted to analyze participants’ verbatims. Emotional challenges associated with migraines included feelings of anxiety, depression, and helplessness. The cognitive challenges were distressing thoughts about the future, thoughts about death, and orientation and attention issues. The social challenges included social isolation and maintaining good relationships. The physical challenges reported were related to sleep, appetite, fatigue, and hypersensitivity to sensory stimuli. Further, most of the participants used avoidant/passive mechanisms for management and only a few participants used positive management mechanisms such as meditation. The study provides insight into the experiences of female university students living with migraine and highlights the need for integrated management approaches that address the physical, social, and psychological aspects of migraine.
Professional Development Workshop on Global Citizenship Education Experiences of University Teachers
Authors: Tufail Mubeshera
Published: March 2024

The purpose of the study was to assess the experiences of teachers about professional development workshop on global citizenship education (GCE). The workshop as a research method (Ørngreen & Levinsen, 2017) was used for conducting this study. The workshop was of 04 days duration. Twenty-one regular university teachers were participants of the workshop. No prerequisite experience with GCE was required for attending this workshop. The workshop involved sessions on thematic dimensions and learning domains of GCE, integration of GCE in the curriculum and teaching-learning process at the university level, and facilitating safe and productive dialogue in various learning environments. Field notes and the feedback form were used to collect data about the workshop content and the experiences of the workshop participants. Data were analyzed through descriptive and inferential statistics. The study results showed that the faculty members found the workshop content relevant and useful, and the workshop instructional experiences and the arrangements as helpful and effective. It is recommended to adjust the training content and duration according to the needs of the faculty members in future workshops. The study results may be helpful to arrange professional development opportunities for university teachers in future.
Penerapan Prinsip Indemnitas (Principle Of Indemnity) Dalam Produk Skema Hospital Cash Plan
Authors: Nabila Kusuma Putri Faras
Published: March 2024

Kerugian yang diderita pemegang polis dapat diambil ahli dengan mengajukan klaim kepada pihak asuransi, sehingga kerugian tersebut dapat diberikan oleh penanggung. Ganti kerugian yang dimaksud dalam asuransi harus benar-benar menerapkan prinsip indemnitas, prinsip ini menerapkan asas keseimbangan, yang mana harga atau nilai kerugian yang diajukan oleh tertanggung tidak boleh melebihi harga atau nilai asuransi yang diajukan pada saat sebelum kerugian terjadi. Prinsip ini dapat berlaku pada asuransi kerugian, bukan pada asuransi sejumlah uang (asuransi jiwa). Permasalahan yang dibahas adalah bagaimana penerapan prinsip indemnitas pada asuransi jiwa. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum normative dengan menggunakan pendekatan konseptual, pendekatan kasus dan pendekatan Undang-Undang. Hasil pembahasan dan penelitian yang dilakukan, maka dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa asuransi jiwa yang disertai dengan asuransi kerugian tetap menaati prinsip indemnitas, namun pembayaran ganti kerugian oleh penanggung kepada pemegang polis melebihi besarnya kerugian yang diderita. Sehingga berdasarkan ketentuan-ketentuan yang ada di dalam Undang-Undang, akan berakibat hukum batal atas kelebihan pembayaran yang dilakukan oleh penanggung, namun hal tersebut tetap terlaksana dalam program Skema Hospital Cash Plan.
Collectivizing Public Reason
Authors: Moen Lars J. K. ,   Department of Philosophy, Florida State University
Published: March 2024

Public reason liberals expect individuals to have justificatory reasons for their views of certain political issues. This paper considers how groups can, and whether they should, give collective public reasons for their political decisions. A problem is that aggregating individuals’ consistent judgments on reasons and a decision can produce inconsistent collective judgments. The group will then fail to give a reason for its decision. The paper considers various solutions to this problem and defends a deliberative procedure by showing how it incentivizes information sharing and leads to outcomes most acceptable to the group members.
Analysis of the Impact of Insecurity on Youth Unemployment (1990-2020)
Authors: Musa Ibrahim
Published: March 2024

Using the ordinary least square estimation technique (OLS), this research examines the impact of insecurity on youth unemployment in Nigeria between 1990 and 2020. The study focuses on the relationship between the dependent variable, unemployment (UNE), and two independent variables, the National Terrorism Index (NTI) and Crime Rate (CR). The results reveal that NTI has a positive and statistically significant effect on UNE. Specifically, a unit increase in NTI leads to a 0.000827 rise in unemployment. Additionally, Nigerian CR demonstrates a significant and positive influence on UNE, with an increase in CR resulting in a 0.005653 increase in unemployment. Given that heightened insecurity directly contributes to unemployment, the study proposes several policy recommendations. Firstly, the government should consider reducing interest rates in commercial banks to enhance the availability of loans for small business owners, enabling them to hire more employees. Furthermore, addressing corruption in both public and private sectors, combating kidnappings, and establishing additional skill acquisition centers are crucial measures to tackle the issue of insecurity and promote employment opportunities.
Internet of Things security and privacy in Higher Education Institutions in Developing Countries
Authors: Wambua Ruth Nthenya
Published: March 2024

Technological breakthroughs like the Internet of Things (IoT) technology have tremendously impacted today's world and have led to changes in many spheres of life, including education. With the pervasiveness of IoT devices, learning and academic institutions are already integrating IoT into educational activities. Nonetheless, despite the numerous technological advancements and the demand for high-quality education for everyone, IoT's adoption and impact on education are still in their infancy. On the other hand, with the number of connected items having reached billions and still growing, there is cause for concern regarding the Internet of Things' potential for serious privacy violations, considering it is one of the most potent technologies for creating, modifying, and sharing data. Therefore, to emphasise the thematic areas and prospects for additional research related to the security and privacy of the Internet of Things (IoT) and within Higher Education Institutions (HEIs), this study explores the security and privacy of IoT in the context of HEIs within developing countries.
Tax Reforms in Bangladesh: An Overview
Authors:   PhD Fellow, Institute of Bangladesh Studies, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh. & Assistant Professor-Accounting, Rajshahi College, Ministry of Education, Dhaka, Bangladesh., Begum Khadiza
Published: March 2024

In both industrialized and emerging nations, tax reform is a subject that requires ongoing attention. This topic is discussed in terms of creating a suitable tax base, bolstering tax administrations, and guaranteeing equity, efficiency, and progressive taxation. Throughout the past forty years, Bangladesh has implemented numerous reform measures. Since there isn't much research on business matters related to these initiatives in the context of Bangladesh, this study aims to review those initiatives by emphasizing them. This study uses strategies for conducting interviews as well as content and document analysis. According to the study, the results of those reforms are not all that positive. While there are still notable shortcomings in enforcement, audit, and compliance, there are also some notable successes, such as the creation of the Large Taxpayers Unit (LTU) and Central Intelligence Cell (CIC) and the digitization of the tax process. The revenue implications of tax reforms indicate a somewhat improving trend in both direct and indirect tax collection, with extremely gradual progress being seen in the overall tax-to-GDP ratio. It would be wise to investigate incentive programs to recognize prompt compliance and commend tax officers for their achievements. Since there hasn't been a thorough reform attempt in the corporation taxes space in almost ten years, we urge the launch of a new, comprehensive reform initiative that addresses all of the impending issues. Designing of tax policy that promises professional administration and induces adequate compliance remains a major challenge for public finance in developing countries.
El proceso de evaluación desde la atención temprana
Authors: Pardo Ochoa Diana Verónica , Rivadeneira Intriago Mariana Jesús , Caicedo Chambers Karina María
Published: March 2024

En la actualidad, la sociedad demanda de las ciencias médicas y psicopedagógicas, entre otras, para la prevención, en el recién nacido con riesgo de padecer alguna condición especial o de niños afectados de deficiencias establecidas. La existencia del ser humano depende no solo de lo que trae consigo, sino también de lo que el medio sea capaz de brindarle a través de los estímulos. Si tomamos en consideración este planteamiento es fácil comprender la necesidad de una coordinación y colaboración interinstitucional en el marco de la atención temprana. Es propósito de esta investigación abordar los elementos esenciales para explicar el proceso de evaluación desde la atención temprana en la diversidad de contextos educativos. Para ello se utilizaron los métodos teóricos, empíricos que revelaron los resultados del estudio realizado. Si queremos lograr un diagnóstico, ecológico, positivo, desarrollador, colaborativo y sistemático; bien pudieran estos elementos ser el punto de partida.
Resultados del proyecto de práctica de servicio comunitario: “Gestión en el proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje e innovación educativa”
Authors: Riera Montenegro Mayra Verónica , Andrade Villacís Xavier Mauricio
Published: March 2024

El presente trabajo tuvo como objetivo evidenciar los resultados del pre test y post test aplicados a los beneficiarios del proyecto de Vinculación denominado: “Gestión en el proceso de Enseñanza Aprendizaje e Innovación Educativa”, desde el componente dos del marco lógico, que especifica: “Refuerzo académico de las cuatro áreas de conocimiento de Educación General Básica”, para un análisis del nivel de aprendizaje de los niños, pertenecientes a cuatro cantones de la provincia de Cotopaxi. Las estrategias metodológicas utilizadas fueron el aprendizaje servicio, además se empleó el enfoque cuantitativo, método analítico y el instrumento del test. Los resultados reflejan que de una población de 2529 beneficiarios, indagados en las cuatro áreas de conocimiento de educación general básica: Lengua y Literatura, Matemática, Ciencias Naturales y Estudios Sociales dentro de los ítems sobre el dominio de conocimientos, en la lectura inicial (pretest) predomina un porcentaje elevado (70%) de la población entre la escala valorativa “Bueno” “Regular”, desde la lectura final (post test) al terminar el proyecto de vinculación hay una tendencia positiva en cuanto al 83% que se traslada a la escala valorativa de “Excelente” y ”Muy bueno”, en cuanto al análisis por áreas de conocimiento se toma como muestra a 160 niños de los cuatro cantones, se evidenció que las áreas de mayor impacto en sus indicadores fueron: Matemática y Lengua y Literatura, lo que infiere un aporte importante a estas últimas áreas que constituyeron las de mayor déficit en el nivel de conocimiento de los niños y niñas, los resultados denotan la pertinencia del refuerzo académico para fortalecer la formación de los niños y niñas.
The Influence of Servant Leadership on The Character of Teachers at Catholic Junior High School Stella Maris Tomohon
Authors: Labuan Bernadina Waha , Pangemanan Stefhanus Hanny
Published: March 2024

Servant Leadership is a leadership concept oriented towards serving others. The practice of Servant Leadership is also carried out by teachers in schools, with each having their own unique characteristics. This research aims to understand the reality of Servant Leadership and teacher characteristics, as well as to analyze whether there is an influence of servant leadership on teacher characteristics at Catholic Junior High School Stella Maris Tomohon. This research is of the quantitative type, with the research variables being Servant Leadership (X) and Teacher Characteristics (Y). Data were collected using questionnaires. The analysis technique used was simple regression analysis. The results of hypothesis testing show that the Servant Leadership variable (X) has a significant positive influence on the Teacher Characteristics variable (Y). This is because the significance value 0.014 < probability 0.05 and the calculated T value is greater than the tabled T value 2.034 (3.138 < 2.034). For leaders at Catholic Junior High School Stella Maris Tomohon, it is important to consider input from others, especially teachers and staff. For teachers at Catholic Junior High School Stella Maris Tomohon, it is important to always pay attention to their characteristics as teachers, which include being humble, skilled at managing time, respecting the process, being open-minded, and being confident as important indicators in shaping teacher characteristics.
Pengaruh Ukuran Perusahaan, Kepemilikan Institusional Dan Profitabilitas Terhadap Penghindaran Pajak Pada Perusahaan Manufaktur Di Bei
Authors: Ziena Pige Rade Katarina , Yulazri Yulazri
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji ukuran perusahaan, kepemilikan institusional dan profitabilitas terhadap penghindaran pajak pada perusahaan sektor manufaktur yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) tahun 2019 hingga 2021. Manfaat penelitian ini bagi perusahaan agar bisa lebih bijak lagi untuk membayar kewajiban lancarnya sesuai dengan tarif yang sudah ditentukan oleh pemerintah. Sampel yang digunakan adalah perusahaan sektor manufaktur yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2019-2021. Populasi penelitian ini adalah 193 perusahaan. Purposive sampling digunakan dengan kriteria perusahaan manufaktur yang menyampaikan laporan keuangan secara konsisten selama periode 2019-2021, serta laporan keuangan yang digunakan menggunakan mata uang Rupiah (Rp). Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah menggunakan metode kuantitatif dimana data keuangan perusahaan yang diperoleh dari laporan keuangan tahunan yang telah diaudit dan dipublikasikan perusahaan manufaktur yang terdaftar di BEI yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2019-2021. Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan analisis regresi linier berganda untuk mengetahui pengaruh antara variabel dependen dalam mempengaruhi variabel independen secara simultan ataupun secara parsial. Hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwa secara parsial ukuran perusahaan (Size) tidak memiliki pengaruh terhadap penghindaran pajak. Kepemilikan institusional (KI) secara parsial tidak memiliki pengaruh terhadap penghindaran pajak. Dan profitabilitas (ROE) secara parsial memiliki pengaruh negatif terhadap penghindaran pajak
Einblick ins Geschäft des Ghostwriting
Authors: Gutknecht Christian
Published: March 2024

Auf dem Youtube-Kanal {ungeskripted} gibt es ein spannendes Interview mit Elias Gudwis, der unter ghostwriting-gudwis.de eine Ghostwriting-Agentur mit Fokus Haus-, Bachelor- und Masterarbeiten betreibt. “Lustigerweise” hat die Plagiatsaffäre um Guttenberg dazu geführt, dass die Nachfrage gestiegen ist, weil Ghostwriter bezüglich Plagiate ihr Handwerk verstehen.
The rise of the scinfluencers and the new narrative emerging from pseudo-scientific policy-making
Authors: Kalz Marco
Published: March 2024

The topic of science communication has gained a lot of attention in the last years and no higher educaton institution has not been involved in concepts related to “transfer” activities or the so called “third mission” of higher education institutions.
Graph Theory Applications in Database Management
Authors: Snehal Eknath Phule
Published: March 2024

Graph theory, which is a branch of discrete mathematics, has emerged as a powerful tool in various domains, including database management. This abstract investigates the ways in which ideas and methods from graph theory which can be applied to database systems, offering a thorough synopsis of their benefits. Complex interactions within data can be well-modeled by using the basic concepts of graph theory, such as nodes, edges, and relationships. Because of its capacity to represent and query complex relationships, graph databases have become more and more popular in the field of database administration. Graph databases are well-suited for situations such as social networks, recommendation systems, and interconnected data domains because they are excellent at representing and traversing relationships, in contrast to standard relational databases, which are excellent at managing structured data. The abstract delves into the key graph-based data models, such as property graphs, RDF (Resource Description Framework), explaining how they facilitate the representation of diverse relationships. Furthermore, it explores the efficient storage and retrieval mechanisms that leverage graph traversal algorithms to extract valuable insights from interconnected datasets. The document highlights specific use cases where graph theory contributes to database management, including fraud detection, social network analysis, and recommendation systems. Additionally, it discusses the challenges associated with integrating graph databases into existing infrastructures and proposes solutions to address scalability and performance concerns. The abstract also touches upon the advancements in graph database query languages (Cypher) and SPARQL, showcasing their expressive power in querying complex relationships. The inclusion of graph-based indexing and optimization techniques demonstrates how database systems can efficiently handle queries involving large-scale graph data. As graph databases continue to evolve, this abstract concludes by outlining potential future directions in the intersection of graph theory and database management. It emphasizes the importance of ongoing research in developing scalable and efficient solutions for managing interconnected data, ultimately paving the way for more sophisticated and context-aware database systems relationships. Furthermore, it explores the efficient storage and retrieval mechanisms that leverage graph traversal algorithms to extract valuable insights from interconnected datasets.
Role of Mathematics in Data Science - Machine learning
Authors: Rajendra Kumar Vilas Thorat
Published: March 2024

The mathematical concepts help with identifying patterns and algorithmic development. Mathematics is an important part of many modern scientific areas. It is also a field of major significance in data science. Mainly because of the concepts they propose and the tools they allow, statistics and arithmetic have such an essential role in data science. A specific type of mathematical reasoning is needed for analysing data, in addition to the basic concepts of calculus, discrete mathematics, and linear algebra. To understand how to apply such algorithms in data science, one must have a solid understanding of many different statistical and probability theory ideas. Modern data science methods have a strong mathematical basis for almost all of their techniques, including machine learning.
Access to Total Knee Arthroplasty in Medicare Advantage Patients
Authors: Girshfeld Sarah Jane , Macknofsky Brandon , Srouji William , Alvarez Juan C , Lavin Alessia , Fomunung Clyde , Sabesan Vani J
Published: March 2024

Background: Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is one of the most frequently performed procedures in Medicare patients in the United States. Among this population, enrollment in Medicare Advantage (MA) plans is rising but rates of elective TKA are 10-20% lower in MA health maintenance organization (HMO) plans compared to Traditional Medicare (TM). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of Medicare type on patient access to TKA within the large population in Florida.

Methods: The AAOS directory was queried for total joint surgeon practices within five Florida counties. Each office was called to assess the response to four insurance scenarios (Traditional Medicare, Blue Medicare Select PPO, Humana Gold Plus HMO, and commercial Cigna). Investigators used a Secret Shopper methodology with a standardized script to request a TKA. Data was gathered on insurance types accepted and number of business days to the next available appointment.

Results: Of the 133 orthopaedics clinics called, 63 were accepting new TKA patients. Of those accepting new TKA patients, 91.7% accepted commercial Cigna, 96.8% accepted TM, 70.5% accepted MA HMO Humana Gold Plus, and 50.8% accepted MA PPO Blue Medicare Select. Compared to TM and commercial Cigna, both MA plans had significantly lower appointment success rates (all p<.003). Time to earliest appointment did not significantly vary by insurance type or county (p>.14).

Conclusions: Patients in Florida with MA have decreased access to TKA compared to those with TM or commercial insurance, possibly explaining the lower rates of TKA utilization in the MA population.
Relación entre Trabajo emocional y condiciones laborales: Un estudio de caso en mototaxistas.
Authors: Lotero Vasquez Diego Fernando , Muñoz Bermúdez Jennifer Carolina , Hernández Hernández Alba Lucia
Published: March 2024

Objetivo: El presente estudio tiene como finalidad identificar las relaciones entre las condiciones laborales y el trabajo emocional, a partir del análisis del entorno laboral de los mototaxistas en un municipio de Tolima, Colombia. Material y Método: se desarrolla con un enfoque cuantitativo descriptivo, utilizando un cuestionario con 27 preguntas divididas en 6 secciones sobre características de la población, normas organizacionales, exigencias emocionales, expresión de emociones positivas, control de las emociones negativas y la última sección destaca la disonancia emocional. Resultados: los mototaxistas del municipio siguen un modelo sociodemográfico reconoció en la literatura y experimentan una afectación constante en sus condiciones de trabajo, bajos ingresos laborales, y a pesar de trabajar en promedio 9 horas diarias no configuran un ritmo excesivo, pero este requiere mantener altos niveles de concentración y disposición hacia el usuario. Conclusiones: la práctica laboral del mototaxista se ve afectado por la intencionalidad del trabajo, la presión por las reglas emocionales de la tarea y el control excesivo por un sistema de recompensa y castigo gestado por el desempeño emocional, manifestándose a través de una disonancia emocional, lo que puede tener un impacto negativo en la salud emocional, ingresos, estabilidad y la forma en que realizan su trabajo.
La didáctica interactiva de lenguas extranjeras en la formación de profesores de inglés
Authors: Pérez Ramírez Alexis , Acosta Padrón Rodolfo , Reyes Piñero Yaima Rosa
Published: March 2024

La didáctica interactiva ha sido objeto de investigación de un equipo de profesores de la universidad de Pinar del Río, Cuba, desde 1995 y utilizada en la práctica pedagógica desde 2007. El objetivo de la investigación es mostrar cómo se ha enriquecido la didáctica interactiva en la enseñanza de lenguas extranjeras para el desarrollo de la competencia comunicativa, interactiva e intercultural. Se tuvo en cuenta las tendencias actuales de la enseñanza de lenguas, la relativa normalidad   pospandémica y el cambiante contexto educativo cubano. Se realizó un diagnóstico del estado actual de la didáctica interactiva y una intervención pedagógica, con la utilización de los métodos de observación, entrevista y encuesta, talleres de debate, cursos y tutorías, con el fin de capacitar a los profesores para la instrumentación en la práctica de los cambios realizados en los componentes de la enseñanza y el aprendizaje. Como resultado, se logró el enriquecimiento de la didáctica con la inclusión de aprendizajes híbridos, aula invertida, aprendizaje digitalizado fuera y dentro del aula, así como nuevas ideas acerca de la interacción social reflexiva e intercultural que la sustenta. Se muestran cambios en la calidad de las clases que superan el estado de la etapa de diagnóstico.
Impacto de los fenómenos sociales en la autorregulación del aprendizaje en instituciones educativas de Colombia
Authors: Fernández Guayana Tany Giselle , Álvarez García Javier de Jesús , Quinayas Margoth Beltrán , Salazar Cárdenas Yuleima
Published: March 2024

La investigación analiza la influencia de los fenómenos sociales en la autorregulación del aprendizaje en estudiantes colombianos. Los resultados revelaron una relación significativa entre los fenómenos sociales y la capacidad de autorregulación, especialmente en cuanto a la presión de grupo, la competencia entre pares y el apoyo social. Se recomienda que los docentes y las instituciones educativas consideren estos factores al diseñar estrategias para promover la autorregulación y el desarrollo de habilidades socioemocionales en los estudiantes. Además, se sugiere implementar programas y estrategias específicas que fomenten la autorregulación, teniendo en cuenta los fenómenos sociales presentes en el entorno educativo. En resumen, es importante seguir investigando para comprender mejor esta relación y mejorar la calidad de la educación en Colombia, integrando los aspectos sociales en el proceso de aprendizaje
Game-based Learning to develop English skills among bachelor students
Authors: Lozada Riera Maritza Anabel , Riera Tubón Iralda Mercedes , Castellano Quevedo Vinicio Amable , Lozada Riera Nataly Paola
Published: March 2024

Improving English proficiency, especially in regions where it is not the mother tongue, can pose a number of challenges. As a result, a number of researchers have taken steps to investigate and create new strategies to address this problem. Aiming to strengthen English language learning and skills such as listening, reading, speaking, and writing, this study constructed a Game-based Learning strategy to improve English skills in bachelor students. This study is quasi-experimental, with a quantitative approach and descriptive scope, since the participants were first, selected through the convenience and opportunity sampling method, then classified into control and experimental groups, and finally, evaluated through the Cambridge Test PET (Preliminary English Test B1) which functioned as a pre-test and post-test. The results obtained in the pre-test and post-test were contrasted to test the hypotheses and finally draw conclusions about the effectiveness of the strategy. Among the main results, it was found that the experimental group improved their level of English by 18%, which was an enriching experience in the application of Gamification in English skills.
Efectos de la ventilación mecánica prolongada y prácticas terapéuticas para mejorar el destete. Revisión Bibliográfica.
Authors: Novillo Méndez Roque Geovanny , Melo Guerrero Oscar Luis , Gualli Salazar Alex Danilo
Published: March 2024

Introducción: Los pacientes que reciben ventilación mecánica prolongada (PMV) experimentan bajas tasas de supervivencia, el uso prolongado de este procedimiento conlleva efectos secundarios lesivos que comprometen la calidad de vida del paciente.
Objetivos: Dar a conocer prácticas de atención para los pacientes que reciben PMV, con la finalidad de disminuir la tasa de fracaso del destete y mejorar su supervivencia.
Materiales y métodos: Se revisaron 18 diferentes fuentes bibliográficas en ingles entre los años 2016 al 2023. Fuente de información a través de internet.
Resultados: Solo el 56% de los pacientes que reciben PMV sobreviven al año y solo el 33% de los pacientes tendrán una buena calidad de vida.
Conclusiones: Para atenuar los efectos secundarios es necesaria una extubación temprana, para ello se necesitan protocolos y terapias que podrían ayudar a mejorar la tasa de éxito de destete, la supervivencia y la calidad de vida del paciente.
Inmunología de la enfermedad periodontal.
Authors: Morocho Segarra Cristian  Vicente , Tobar Peñaherrera Adriana Nicole , Moya Salazar Myriam Ernestina , Granda Macías Luz Amelia
Published: March 2024

Antecedentes: La periodontitis no es una enfermedad infecciosa convencional, sino una enfermedad inflamatoria, desencadenada por la respuesta inmunitaria del huésped frente a una reacción de microorganismos asociados al biofilm periodontal. Objetivo: Evaluar la inmunidad que suele presentarse en el organismo ante enfermedades periodontales ubicadas en la cavidad bucal. Materiales y métodos: Para la elaboración de la presente revisión bibliográfica se efectuó una búsqueda detallada del tema “Inmunología de la enfermedad periodontal”, en bases de datos científicas como Scopus, PubMed y Elsevier. Resultados: Las revisiones bibliográficas recopiladas permiten saber el grado de respuesta inmunológica ante la enfermedad periodontal y los factores que actúan en ella, para así comprender de mejor manera el proceso de respuesta inmune.  Conclusión: La placa bacteriana o biofilm se considera que es el factor etiológico principal, la destrucción periodontal es causado por la respuesta excesiva de la inmunidad innata y adaptativa desarrolladas contra las bacterias periodontales
Managerial Discretion and Corporate Governance Mechanism: A Case Study of Public Limited Firms of Pakistan
Authors: Azam Misbah , Elahi Ali Raza , Haque Shahbaz Ul
Published: March 2024

The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of board independence, CEO duality (managerial discretion) and corporate governance mechanism on firm performance measured through accounting-base measures i.e. return on assets as well as market-based measure i.e. Tobin’s Q among Pakistan's KSE-listed non-financial firms from 2011 to 2021. The study used software (STATA 12) to analyze the data of 172 firms using the Generalized Method of Movements as well as Random Effect and Fixed Effect regression models to test how each corporate governance and managerial discretion variables contributes to the firm performance. Data was extracted from the annual reports, database, and websites of KSE-listed firms. The presence of board independence contributes positively to firm performance. The study highlights that although CEO duality has no impact on firm performance, but presence of board independence controls the managerial discretion provided by CEO duality and offer the necessary resources as well as monitoring the control the managerial discretion and improve firm performance. This article makes a significant theoretical contribution by synthesizing and extending key governance theories to offer a nuanced understanding of the intricate dynamics within corporate governance (CG), particularly in the specific context of KSE-registered non-financial firms in Pakistan. This research contributes actionable insights that span governance improvement, informed decision-making, regulatory considerations, and strategic performance enhancement, offering practical benefits for the diverse stakeholders in the corporate governance landscape.