bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Robert Roe, 1944-2016
Authors: R.H. Zijlstra Fred
Published: August 2021

Robert Roe, 1944-2016

F.R.H. Zijlstra, Gedrag & Organisatie, volume 29, June 2016, nr. 2, pp. 102-105

In this obituary, the life and work of Robert Roe (1944-2016) are remembered. Robert Roe was a passionate and analytical organizational psychologist, who influenced many scholars and practitioners in the Netherlands and abroad with his work on personnel selection, activity research, and the use of the time concept in organizational research.
Een waardig neoliberalisme in de arbeids- en organisatiepsychologie
Authors: van Vuuren Tinka , de Jong Jeroen
Published: August 2021

Matthijs Bal pleit in zijn artikel voor meer nadruk op het menselijke waardigheidsparadigma in A&O-onderzoek. Menselijke waardigheid biedt een interessant en relevant paradigma voor het kijken naar A&O-vraagstukken. Gezien de dominantie van het neoliberalisme in de organisatiepraktijk én de samenleving staat de A&O psychologie vooral voor de uitdaging om te onderzoeken hoe de menselijke waardigheid kan worden geïntegreerd met het neoliberalisme. Daarnaast stellen we dat het paradigma van menselijke waardigheid nieuwe uitdagingen biedt op het gebied van theorieontwikkeling en onderzoeksmethoden in de A&O-psychologie.
De Omkering
Authors: Nauta Aukje , Sjollema Sonia , Houtman Siebren
Published: August 2021

In dit artikel beargumenteren we dat organisaties steeds meer losgezongen raken van basale behoeften van mensen. Daarom pleiten we voor een omkering: een beweging die het werk aanpast aan de mens – in plaats van de mens aan het werk. Hoe richten we de toekomst van werk zo in, dat basale menselijke behoeften optimaal tot hun recht komen?
Vriendelijke burgemeesters in crisistijd: leiderschap, tijdsdruk en situationele ambiguïteit
Authors: de Vries Bart , H.B. de Hoogh Annebel , K.W. de Dreu Carsten
Published: August 2021

Dit artikel gaat in op de relatie tussen de Big Five-persoonlijkheidstrek Vriendelijkheid en het autocratisch en participatief leiderschapsgedrag en de effectiviteit van burgemeesters tijdens crises. Op basis van de trekactivatietheorie werd verwacht dat de relatie tussen de vriendelijkheid van een burgemeester en (de effectiviteit van) diens autocratisch en participatief leiderschapsgedrag afhankelijk is van de mate waarin een crisis gekenmerkt wordt door tijdsdruk en ambiguïteit. Verwachtingen zijn getoetst in 68 openbare-orde- en veiligheidscrises. De mate van vriendelijkheid bleek tijdens crises via autocratisch leiderschapsgedrag negatief gerelateerd aan de leiderschapseffectiviteit van de burgemeester. Onder lage (hoge) tijdsdruk bleek verder dat vriendelijkheid positief (negatief) gerelateerd was aan leiderschapseffectiviteit via participatief leiderschapsgedrag. De mate van ambiguïteit bleek alleen van invloed op de relatie tussen autocratisch leiderschapsgedrag en de effectiviteit van de burgemeester als leider. Autocratisch leiderschapsgedrag van de burgemeester was positief gerelateerd aan diens leiderschapseffectiviteit en deze relatie werd sterker bij toenemende ambiguïteit. We besluiten met implicaties voor leiderschapstheorie en crisisbeheersing.
Baanonzekerheid en presenteïsme: een indirect effect via burnoutHet gerapporteerde onderzoek werd uitgewerkt aan het WOPP/O2L van de KU Leuven als onderdeel van haar masterproef.
Authors: Bogaerts Yanne , De Witte Hans , Verlinden Heidi , Vermeulen Valery
Published: August 2021

Deze studie onderzoekt het verband tussen baanonzekerheid en presenteïsme. Vanuit de 'Conservation of Resources'-theorie wordt er een positieve relatie verwacht tussen baanonzekerheid en presenteïsme. We voorspellen dat deze relatie loopt via de kerndimensies van burnout, namelijk uitputting en depersonalisatie. Data van 520 respondenten, verzameld op twee tijdstippen, werden gebruikt om de hypothesen te toetsen aan de hand van een mediatie-analyse volgens Preacher en Hayes. Uit de analyse komt naar voren dat er geen totaal effect is van kwalitatieve of kwantitatieve baanonzekerheid op presenteïsme. Er wordt wel een positief indirect effect gevonden via uitputting. Eveneens wordt er een negatief direct effect gevonden van kwantitatieve baanonzekerheid op presenteïsme. Het positieve indirecte effect en het negatieve directe effect heffen elkaar mogelijk op, waardoor er geen totaal effect wordt waargenomen van kwantitatieve baanonzekerheid op presenteïsme.
Duurzame inzetbaarheid van laaggekwalificeerde werknemers: werken aan competentiebeleving
Authors: Sanders Jos , Kraan Karolus , Boermans Sylvie
Published: August 2021

Laaggekwalificeerde werknemers hebben een relatief kwetsbare arbeidsmarktpositie. Toch nemen juist zij structureel minder deel aan scholing. In dit artikel staat de vraag centraal hoe dit verschil te verklaren is. Voor de analyses gebruiken we data uit de Study on Life Long Learning and Employment (SLLE) en de Nationale Enquête Arbeidsomstandigheden 2014 (NEA). Resultaten laten zien dat de lagere scholingsparticipatie van laaggekwalificeerden samenhangt met hun geringere competentiebeleving en met een beperktere en minder effectieve stimulans door leidinggevenden in vergelijking met middelbaar en hooggekwalificeerde werknemers. Auteurs concluderen dat nieuwe (stimu)leermethoden moeten worden ontwikkeld die zowel de kwaliteit van een leerervaring verder vergroten als de effectiviteit van de stimulans door leidinggevenden. Nieuwe leermethoden moeten ontwikkeling voor laaggekwalificeerden vooral toegankelijker, 'kleiner' en 'leuker' maken, zodat werknemers meer positieve leerervaringen opdoen. Nieuwe stimuleermethoden moeten leidinggevenden helpen ook hun laaggekwalificeerde werknemers effectiever te stimuleren, bijvoorbeeld door leren vooral tot een positieve ervaring te maken en aldus de competentiebeleving ten aanzien van scholing bij laaggekwalificeerden te versterken.
Vier verschillen! De vele gezichten van diversiteitDit is een bewerking van de oratie van Astrid Homan, uitgesproken op 13 oktober 2017.
Authors: C. Homan Astrid
Published: August 2021

Vraagstukken omtrent diversiteit staan hoog op de publieke agenda en doen de gemoederen regelmatig hoog oplopen. Sommigen trekken het belang van diversiteit en de effectiviteit van diversiteitsinitiatieven in twijfel, terwijl anderen benadrukken dat diversiteit juist een sterkte is van samenlevingen en organisaties. De inconsistente wetenschappelijke evidentie voor het nut en onnut van diversiteit(sbeleid) illustreert deze complexe puzzel. Er is wel degelijk ondersteuning voor de positieve kanten en het belang van diversiteit, maar het is duidelijk dat diversiteit niet automatisch en altijd leidt tot betere uitkomsten. In deze bewerking van mijn oratie zal ik aan de hand van een viertal thema's bespreken welk bewijs er is voor de effectiviteit van verschillende diversiteitsinitiatieven. Het besproken onderzoek laat zien dat er vaak geen one-size-fits-all-oplossing bestaat, maar dat de effectiviteit van bijvoorbeeld training en ideologie vaak afhankelijk is van contextuele en intra-persoonlijke moderatoren. De algemene conclusie is dat het mogelijk is om door middel van een evidence-based-benadering werknemers, leiders en organisaties te helpen om mensen met verschillende achtergronden en ideeën dichter bij elkaar te brengen en zo de positieve kanten van diversiteit zo goed mogelijk te benutten.
De bouwstenen van de inclusieve werkplekDit artikel is gebaseerd op het gelijknamige proefschrift: The Building Blocks of Workplace Inclusion (Nelissen, 2017). Het onderzoek werd gefinancierd door het UWV.
Authors: Nelissen Philippe
Published: August 2021

In het kader van de Participatiewet is een sociaal plan van kracht dat moet leiden tot het creëren van 125.000 banen voor mensen met een arbeidsbeperking in 2026. Veel organisaties slagen in het creëren van werk voor mensen met een arbeidsbeperking, maar het behoud van werk blijkt lastig. Omdat er weinig bekend is over de factoren die van belang zijn voor baanbehoud van mensen met een arbeidsbeperking, ligt de focus van dit artikel op de bouwstenen die de duurzame inzetbaarheid van deze groep bevorderen. Het artikel bespreekt drie complementaire studies waaruit blijkt dat individuele kenmerken van collega's zoals hulpgedrag en prosociale motivatie, maar ook teamkenmerken zoals het werkklimaat het succes op een inclusieve werkplek verhogen. Deze bevindingen kunnen organisaties helpen om de bouwstenen van de inclusieve werkplek in kaart te brengen en bieden richtlijnen om de inclusie van mensen met een arbeidsbeperking te bevorderen.
Naar effectief diversiteitsbeleid: het bouwen van bruggen tussen wetenschap en praktijk
Authors: Ellemers Naomi , Şahin Onur , S. Jansen Wiebren , van der Toorn Jojanneke
Published: August 2021

Hoewel veel organisaties actief diversiteitsbeleid voeren, zijn diversiteitsinterventies niet altijd even effectief gebleken. In dit artikel bespreken wij verschillende knelpunten bij het succesvol implementeren van diversiteitsmaatregelen. Hierbij constateren we dat wetenschap en praktijk zowel inhoudelijk als methodisch niet altijd goed op elkaar aansluiten en dat het nodig is deze gaten te dichten om effectief diversiteitsbeleid vorm te geven en om wetenschappelijke kennis te vergroten. Specifiek stellen we dat, om effectief te zijn, diversiteitsbeleid zich niet alleen dient te richten op het vergroten van de diversiteit van het werknemersbestand (focus op aantallen), maar ook op het creëren van een inclusief werkklimaat (focus op cultuur). Daarnaast beargumenteren we dat succesvol diversiteitsbeleid zich niet alleen richt op het creëren en managen van zichtbare verschillen (bijv. geslacht, leeftijd en etniciteit), maar ook op het omgaan met onzichtbare verschillen (bijv. persoonlijkheid, werkervaring en seksuele oriëntatie). Vervolgens stellen we dat een belangrijk deel van de oplossing ligt in de gebruikte methodiek en presenteren we een model van onderzoeksgestuurd diversiteitsbeleid. We constateren dat het in de praktijk niet altijd duidelijk is hoe organisaties dit kunnen realiseren en bespreken de mogelijke oorzaken hiervan. We sluiten af met concrete handvatten om dit model in de praktijk te brengen.
De vergelijking van werklozen en baanonzekeren naar welzijn en gezondheid: een systematisch literatuuroverzicht
Authors: K. Schopf Anna , De Witte Hans
Published: August 2021

In dit artikel wordt nagegaan of werklozen en baanonzekeren van elkaar verschillen inzake hun welzijn en gezondheid. Een overzicht van theorieën suggereert twee mogelijkheden: werkloosheid is problematischer dan baanonzekerheid of beide fenomenen zijn even problematisch voor de gezondheid en het welzijn. Het doel van dit onderzoek is om na te gaan welke mogelijkheid opgaat om zo bij te dragen aan de validering van theorieën (theoretische relevantie) en te bepalen welk fenomeen prioritair beleidsaandacht dient te krijgen (praktische relevantie). Via een systematisch literatuuroverzicht werden tien artikelen geïnventariseerd waaruit met statistische zekerheid conclusies getrokken kunnen worden over de gezondheids- en welzijnsverschillen tussen beide categorieën. De meeste studies suggereren geen onderscheid met betrekking tot verschillende psychische, lichamelijke, en gedragsmatige welzijns- en gezondheidsreacties tussen werklozen en baanonzekeren. Slechts in enkele studies worden wel verschillen vastgesteld, waarbij soms de baanonzekeren en soms de werklozen een slechtere gezondheid en/of een lager welzijn vertonen. De resultaten zijn dus voornamelijk in overeenstemming met de theoretische stroming die stelt dat werkloosheid en baanonzekerheid even nadelig zijn, omdat beide in dezelfde mate hulpbronnen bedreigen of doen verliezen. We concluderen dat zowel werkloosheid als baanonzekerheid en hun gevolgen gereduceerd dienen te worden en bespreken enkele manieren waarop dit kan worden bereikt.
(A)symmetrieën in – en op – het werkDit artikel is gebaseerd op de oratie van Simon de Jong, uitgesproken op 29 juni 2018 ter acceptatie van het hoogleraarschap Organizational Behavior & HRM aan de Universiteit Maastricht.
Authors: B. de Jong Simon
Published: August 2021

Traditioneel gezien heeft veel onderzoek op het gebied van organisatiegedrag, management en personeelsbeleid als impliciete assumptie dat er sprake is van een zekere symmetrie in de onderzochte relaties en fenomenen. Deze assumptie is niet verwonderlijk, aangezien symmetrie (en balans, harmonie e.d.) ook centraal staat in andere wetenschappen. In deze bewerking van mijn oratie stel ik dat het wenselijk is om vaker stil te staan bij dit soort impliciete assumpties tijdens onze wetenschappelijke onderzoeken en praktijkinterventies. Om dat belang te illustreren geef ik een overzicht van recent onderzoek naar asymmetrieën in taakafhankelijkheid, waaruit duidelijk wordt dat het negeren van deze asymmetrieën belangrijke machtsdynamieken over het hoofd ziet. Naast het bespreken van dit soort specifieke 'horizontale' (a)symmetrieën laat ik ook meer algemene 'verticale' asymmetrieën aan bod komen door onderzoek op het gebied van leiderschap en 'HR-practices' te beschrijven. Toekomstig onderzoek kan horizontale en verticale (a)symmetrieën verder onderzoeken in de aparte theoretische velden en/of proberen de velden te 'kruisbestuiven' door de (a)symmetrieën van één veld in het andere veld te onderzoeken. Daarnaast kunnen er tijds(a)symmetrieën onderzocht worden, bijvoorbeeld door meer longitudinaal onderzoek te verrichten. De implicaties voor wetenschap en praktijk (en hun onderlinge samenhang) worden besproken aan het einde van het artikel.
Call for papers voor het G&O-themanummer 2020: 'De toekomst van werk: impact van technologie op organisaties'
Authors: Derous Eva , Rietzschel Eric
Published: August 2021

De laatste decennia hebben de ontwikkeling en verspreiding van digitale technologieën een dermate hoge vlucht genomen (Cascio & Montealegre, 2016) dat MIT-onderzoekers Brynjolfsson en McAfee (2014) spreken over het 'tweede machinetijdperk'. Zo is de fictieve 'Babel fish' van science fiction-auteur Douglas Adams (een visje dat als universele vertaler dient zodra men het in zijn of haar oor stopt) door de opkomst van spraak- en vertaaltechnologie meer realiteit dan fictie geworden. Net zoals de Babel fish zowel positieve als negatieve effecten had, bieden de nieuwe digitale technologieën verschillende mogelijkheden én uitdagingen voor organisaties. Digitalisering creëert nieuwe ondernemingen en producten; algoritmes en robots kunnen routinematig, saai of gevaarlijk werk overnemen en soms zelfs nauwkeuriger, veiliger en langduriger uitvoeren dan mensen. Bovendien hebben computers, algoritmes en robots geen aandacht, koffiepauzes, vakantie of slaap nodig.
Het Sferische model van beroepsinteresses en de volledige en verkorte Nederlandstalige Personal Globe InventoryGraag bedanken wij professor Terence Tracey voor het beschikbaar stellen van de PGI. Het copyright van de PGI en de Nederlandse vertaling ligt bij prof. Tracey (Terence.Tracey@ubc.ca). Eveneens bedanken wij Sandra Kok, Mirte Post, Natasja Overman, Martine Schut, Rika Mohesi, Loen van Gulick, Angela Bijnsdorp, Elin Hellqvist, Eveline Kreuk, Jim Molenaar, Leontine Hoekemeijer en Roos Pluimers voor hun hulp met de dataverzameling en Cecilia Runneboom en Cindy Burton voor hun feedback op eerdere versies van dit manuscript.
Authors: Holtrop Djurre , Wille Bart , E. de Vries Reinout , Ph. Born Marise
Published: August 2021

In Nederland en Vlaanderen wordt veelvuldig gebruikgemaakt van interessevragenlijsten bij (studie)loopbaanvraagstukken. In tegenstelling tot de populariteit van deze vragenlijsten in de praktijk wordt er relatief weinig wetenschappelijk onderzoek gedaan naar beroepsinteresses in het Nederlandse taalgebied. In dit artikel wordt het Sferische model van beroepsinteresses  geïntroduceerd, evenals de Nederlandse vertaling van de Personal Globe Inventory(PGI; Tracey, 2002) als een meetinstrument voor dit model. Het Sferische model voegt Prestige-interesse als derde interessedimensie toe aan de traditionele tweedimensionale circumplex van beroepsinteresses. Verder deelt het Sferische model de traditionele circumplex op in acht in plaats van zes interessegebieden. Aan de hand van 12 steekproeven uit Nederland en Vlaanderen is de kwaliteit van de PGI-lang en PGI-kort onderzocht. De psychometrische kenmerken van de Nederlandse vertaling van de PGI-lang en PGI-kort bleken acceptabel tot uitstekend: de items van de vragenlijst laadden grotendeels op de bedoelde schalen, de schalen correleerden volgens een circumplexordening, en de betrouwbaarheden waren acceptabel. De grootste sekseverschillen werden gevonden op mensen-versus-dingen interesse en Prestige-interesse was iets sterker bij jongere deelnemers en hoogopgeleiden. Toekomstig onderzoek kan zich richten op het beter begrijpen van de inhoud van Prestige-interesse en de betekenis van deze dimensie voor (studie)loopbaanprocessen en -uitkomsten.
Sistem Informasi Penjualan Pada Toko Ud Osaka Menggunakan Alert System
Authors: Rajudin Rajudin , Taufiq Taufiq
Published: August 2021

UD Osaka dalam mengontrol barang-barang yang dijual dengan cara memonitoring setiap hari serta melakukan surve produk-produk digudang agar tidak ada produk yang habis stok tiba-tiba tanpa ada persiapan pasokan barang sejenisnya lagi, keseringan permasalah yang dialami disini adalah kehilangan kendali pada barang-barang yang kadaluarsa karena sangat banyak item barang yang ada digudang dan dirak minimarket, sehingga barang-barang yang hampir kaduarsa biasanya tidak dapat diberikan tindakan secera cepat sehingga harus dibuang secara percuma, padahal barang yang akan kadaluarsa dapat dijual dengan harga murah atau sistem cuci gudang apabila sudah diketahui keterangannya ketika akan kadaluarsa secara real time atau tepat waktu. Secara manual mengontrol tanggal expired barang sangat susah karena harus didata terlebih dahulu kemudian dibukukan untuk dikontrol setiap harinya, adanya sebuah sistem penjualan yang memiliki fitur alert system sangat membantu pihak UD Osaka, sistem bekerja dengan cara memberikan pemberitahuan barang-barang yang akan kadaluarsa atau barang yang segera habis stok dengan pengaturan pemberitahuan yang disetting oleh pemilih bisnis penjualan ini. Dengan sistem yang dirancang ini dapat membantu memberikan alert atau pemberitahuan kepada user terhadap barang yang expired dan kontrol yang sudah sedikit
Enhancing production of pharmaceutically valuable alkaloids in plant cells, tissues and extracts of Catharanthus roseus
Authors:   ,   Durban University of Technology, Magagula Nompumelelo Lina
Published: August 2021

The important pharmaceutically valuable anticancer alkaloids, Vinblastine and Vincristine, are produced by Madagascar periwinkle plant called Catharanthus roseus (C. roseus). Given their cytotoxicity, these vinca alkaloids are produced in very minuscule quantities and are abundant in the aerial parts of the plant. For example, Vincristine has suffered from the disadvantage of very low yieldsin industrial production; one-tonne leavesfrom traditionally cultivated plants could produce 0.5 - 50g crude extract of Vincristine and yet its current world demand lies between 3 – 10kg per annum (Koul et al., 2013). The high cost of isolating pharmaceutical drugs has led to research efforts to increase the content of alkaloids in C. roseus seedlings, cell and tissue cultures. In the present study, enhancing production levels of the four pharmaceutically valuable alkaloids of C.roseus, namely: Vincristine, Vinblastine, Ajmalicine and Vindoline was investigated in vitro, in callus differentiation through somatic embryogenesis, cell suspension cultures through elicitation, as well as ex-vitro in highly differentiated hairy roots derived from seedlings inoculated with Agrobacterium rhizogenes. There was a significant eight-fold percentage recovery of Vinblastine in the second stage of somatic embryogenesis when compared to percentage recovery in the wild type plants. The other stage 3 of somatic embryogenesis which was the unsuccessful plant conversion stage of development exhibited a significant four-fold low level of Vinblastine relative to that in the maturation stage but two-fold higher with that of wild type plant. The ex vitro generated hairy roots exhibited a 6.5-fold percentage recovery of Ajmalicine levels when compared to the wild type plant, while the other compounds could not be detected in the roots. This exhibited the importance of light or sunlight in order for plants to synthesize Vindoline, and consequently, the absence of Vindoline would mean that the plant hairy roots could not synthesize Vinblastine and Vincristine
Microbial community analysis of a laboratory-scale biological process for the treatment of vegetable oil effluent
Authors:   , Degenaar Adrian Phillip
Published: August 2021

Untreated vegetable oil effluents (VOEs) are known for creating shock-loading problems for the receiving wastewater treatment installations, resulting in poor quality final effluents being produced which do not satisfy municipal discharge standards. Onsite activated sludge treatment as an alternative has not been fully investigated. Hence, in this investigation biological treatment using the activated sludge process was chosen as the method for the treatment of VOE. The effect of VOE on measured process parameters was also determined. Novel molecular techniques such as fluorescent in situ hybridisation (FISH) and dot-blot hybridization have become powerful tools for the analysis of complex microbial communities that exist within activated sludge. The aim of this investigation was to evaluate biological treatment, optimize and apply FISH and dot-blot hybridization in order to analyze the microbial community implicated the biological treatment of VOE using probes EUBmix, ALF1b, BET42a, GAM42a and HGC69a. A laboratory-scale modified Ludzack-Ettinger (MLE) process setup and fed VOE with a COD (chemical oxygen demand) of ± 1000 mg/L. Daily monitoring of the process involved COD and TKN (total kjeldahl nitrogen) analysis of the influent and effluent as well as direct OUR (oxygen utilization rate) measurement and monitoring of the MLVSS (mixed liquor volatile suspended solids) concentration of the aerobic mixed liquor. The process exhibited overall COD and TKN removal capacities of 84% and 90% respectively. The aerobic mixed liquor had an OUR of 19 mgO/L.h and an average MLVSS concentration of 3000 mg/L. FISH results revealed that 72% of cells stained with 4‟, 6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) within the aerobic mixed liquor bound to probe EUBmix, indicating a substantial Bacterial population within the laboratory-scale biological process. The alpha-Proteobacteria was identified as the dominant bacterial community comprising 31% of Bacterial cells, followed by the beta-Proteobacteria (17% of EUBmix), gamma-Proteobacteria (8% of EUBmix) and Actinobacteria (4% of EUBmix). Results of dot-blot hybridization were in agreement with FISH Adrian Phillip Degenaar| CHAPTER 1: General Introduction - v - results reiterating dominance of the alpha-Proteobacteria. This indicated that the class alpha-Proteobacteria could play a primary role in the biological degradation of VOE. This research will therefore aid in process design and retrofitting of biological processes treating VOE.
MANAGEMENT AND COMMUNICATION WITH FORCES AND RESOURCESIN THE EMERGENCE OF CRISES AND DISASTERS IN THE BALKANS REGION
Authors: PEJANOVIĆ Ljubo , STOJANOVIĆ Stevan , RISTIĆ Jovana , STOJANOVIĆ Nenad
Published: August 2021

n this work, special attention is paid to the problem, risk management, risk and crisis management forces and mutual communication in the Balkan region. Management and communication refers to Pejanović, L., Stojanović, S., Ristić, J.Stojanović, N. (2021). Management and Communication with Forces and Resourcesin the Emergence of Crises and Disasters in the Balkans Region.Social Communications: Theory and Practice, Vol. 12(1), 128–139.DOI: 10.51423/2524-0471-2020-12-1-32eISSN 2522-9125 pISSN 2524-0471https://new.comteka.com.ua/security forces, rescue teams and social communications. Thus, for all mentioned, destructive analyzes were used, as well as methods of analysis and content, related to the posed problem of wider-destructive proportions. In this regard, the set problems, management and communication in the occurrence or occurrence of caused threats, risks threats and crises, as well as possible consequences for lives, health and values in the region, are described and explained. It is also envisagedfor the identification and explanation of risks, threats and possible crises, both in communications and actions in combating threats. The aim of this theoretical work is to point out and prove reliable assessments and analyzes of threats, risks, and thus crises, both in risks, catastrophes and in communications and activities. Also, the work will pay attention to the planning, organization and implementation of prevention and protection, critical infrastructure, which accepts and suffers threats, risks and crises, engaged forces to reduce threats in the Balkan Region. Our main goal, plan and idea is the research among the population, in order to get broader answers, and thereby confirming knowledge of the respondents regarding the management of forces, resources and communications. Further we will apply research methods and techniques related to threat, risk, consequence and disaster management. In addition to the mentioned, methods and techniques of finding out possible and potential impacts on climate change and their consequences also are planned and will be applied. Through this article,the research aims to find out about the potential risk to the forces and means used, as well as all other participants in protection and rescue. It is also necessary to define and conceptually determine all threats, risks, hazardous, dangers and consequences that may occur due to climate change and natural disasters.
COMMUNICATION PLATFORMS: A MODER VISION
Authors: Dosenko Angelica
Published: August 2021

The aim.Тhere is a theoretical justification for the phenomenon of «Communication Platform».Theapplied social and communication technologies there is a layering of terminological apparatus: classification and identification of terms and theoretical and methodological basis. One of such phenomena is the development of communication platforms, which are separated into an independent definition and depart from Internet platforms and social networks. It is important to study the development of platforming as a process of forming platforms of different types and cluster formation.Research methods.The method of theoretical analysis is used to study the existing points of view and clearly derive the definition of «communication platform».A method of comparison to derive the author's vision of the existence and functioning of the characteristics of the definition of «Communication Platform»and distinguish it from other types of platforms.The method of sociological survey contributed to the practical vision of the communication platform as an independent unit that is able to raise socially important issues and help solve difficult issues.The resultsof the study showed the difference between the terms «Social Networks»and "Communication Platform". There is a classification of platforms, the difference between them. The own vision of the terminological unit is given. This approach demonstrated the need for further scientific study of the phenomenon, the need to unify the approach to the description of platforming as a process in applied social and communication technologies.Social networks as a communication unit are considered in detail, the features that distinguish platforms and social networks are described.The conclusionsemphasize the further need to study communication platforms as applied scientific units. The definition of the phenomenon taking into account the author's vision is offered. Emphasis is placed on the features inherent in communication platforms.
Hukuki Genişlik Bağlamında Memlükler Döneminde Tatbik Edilen Dört Mezhep Uygulaması
Authors: KHANJANOV Shahın
Published: August 2021

Fıkhi mezheplerin oluşumlarını takiben İslam devletleri yargısal alanda hukuki öngörüle-bilirlik ve istikrar açısından bu mezhepleri tercih etmeye başladılar. Memlükler dönemine kadar devletler, yargısal alanda tercihlerini genelde tek mezhepten yana kullanırlarken Memlükler, dört Sünnî mezhebe de aynı hukuki statüyü vererek dört mezhepli yargısal sistemi başlattılar. Bu uygulamanın amacına dair pek çok fikir ileri sürülmüş olup, biz makalemizde bunlardan “hukuki genişliği sağlama ve hukuki ihtiyaçları giderme” argü-manını öne çıkararak uygulamayı bu yönde okumaya çalıştık. Zira o döneme dair ulaştığı-mız bazı tarihi ve ilmi kayıtlar, uygulamayı açıklamada bu gerekçenin de bize makul ve doğru bir açıklama verebileceğini göstermektedir. Aşağıda geleceği üzere uygulamaya dair diğer açıklamaların haklılık paylarını teslim etmekle birlikte, biz makalemizde bu gerekçe-ler içerisinde pek üzerinde durulmayan “hukuki genişlik” gerekçesini desteklemeye çalışa-cağız. Nitekim döneme dair tabakat, fürû fıkıh, fetâvâ ve usûl-i fıkıh kaynaklarından ulaş-tığımız bazı sonuçlar, Memlüklerce başlatılan çok mezhepli yargısal sistemin, hem devlete hem de halka hukuki alanda bir genişlik ve kolaylık sağladığını bize göstermektedir. Şöyle ki, devlet yetkilileri hukuki alanda dört mezhebin her birinden ihtiyaç duydukları görüş ve çözümleri tercih edebilirlerken, halk da makalemizde tefvîż ismini verdiğimiz uygulamayla, mezhep kadıları aracılığıyla farklı mezhep kadılarına başvurabilmekte ve böylece mezhep-sel genişlikten faydalanabilmekteydi. Makalemizde hukuki genişlik düşüncesine teorik zemin oluşturması açısından o dönemde yükselişe geçen mezheplerarası intiḳâl düşüncesi üzerinde de durulmuş ve bu dönemde bu düşüncenin söz konusu uygulamalara teorik zemin sağladığı savunulmuştur. Son olarak makalede Memlükler döneminde uygulanan dört mezhepli sistemin bu yönde anlaşılmasının günümüz açısından değerine temas edil-mekte ve bunun günümüz fıkıh düşüncesine yeni katkılar ve açılımlar sağlayacağı ifade edilmektedir.
Multiculturalism and Community Building in Urban Europe
Authors: Kleyman Mark
Published: August 2021

In the years lasting back to 2015 Europe has been faced with an unprecedented influx of migrants. In most cases they seek refuge from civil wars and dictatorships that devastate many countries across North Africa and the Middle East. As a consequence, migration is becoming an increasingly urgent issue of many public and scholarly debates. In this context, the crucial problem is what type of multicultural society every European country and the EU in general want to be. This problem is particularly acute in urban areas where most Europeans live and most of the migrants permanently stay. The article contributes to drawing upon the theoretical framework for the analysis of socio-cultural and socio-psychological factors that could have an impact on the emergence of multicultural urban communities across Europe; at the same time, it attempts to break with the rhetoric of multiculturalism which still prevails in public and scholarly debates. This analysis is deployed in order to understand the (possible) influence of the ethical principle of solidary personalism on the emergence of practices directed toward the creation or enhancement of multicultural communities within the European cities.
The Impact of Smart City Model on National Security
Authors: Khalifa Ehab
Published: August 2021

Smart cities could help overcome traditional problems of big cities, such as pollution, traffic congestion and administrative corruption. They can stimulate economic productivity, accommodate population growth, and make lives more convenient, but at the same time, they raise many security threats to national security.
Daily life needs in smart cities are based on information and communication technologies. Houses, infrastructure, transportation, communication, government services, as well as commercial and industrial services, etc. are controlled by smart systems dependent upon artificial intelligence and the Internet of things1. If these services are targeted by a successful cyber-attack, the consequences in that case would be unaffordable to national security and to people’s lives.
This article seeks to analyse the impact of smart cities on national security, and it comes in three main sections. The first one defines smart cities and its different models, the second one analyses the impact of adopting the smart city model on national security, and the conclusion tries to provide some recommendations of how to decrease national security risks in the smart city.
NGOs in Global Governance: Securing Role through Engagement at the United Nations? (Case Study – Global Policy Forum)
Authors: Bobková Jaroslava
Published: August 2021

What is the role of NGOs at the United Nations, and, by extension, in global governance? With limited possibilities to measure it directly, this article adopts discursive analysis as an innovative approach to the issue. Analysis of three texts by Global Policy Forum represents an important insight into the question and a tool for further research. It shows that despite the relative increase of their participatory rights at the UN, NGOs seem to realise approaching a point of saturation in what they may demand from the UN in terms of their access and moderate the tone of writing accordingly. Drawing on Global Policy Forum’s example, the article argues that NGOs at the UN appear to have transformed from entities begging for more access to its more equal partners. Most importantly, the article represents a blueprint for further research of role of actors in the international system.
Marine gas-phase sulfur emissions during an induced phytoplankton bloom
Authors: Kilgour Delaney B. , Novak Gordon A. , Sauer Jon S. , Moore Alexia N. , Dinasquet Julie , Amiri Sarah , Franklin Emily B. , Mayer Kathryn , Winter Margaux , Morris Clare K. , Price Tyler , Malfatti Francesca , Crocker Daniel R. , Lee Christopher , Cappa Christopher D. , Goldstein Allen H. , Prather Kimberly A. , Bertram Timothy H.
Published: August 2021

Abstract. The oxidation of dimethyl sulfide (DMS; CH3SCH3), emitted from the surface ocean, contributes to the formation of Aitken mode particles and their growth to cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) sizes in remote marine environments. It is not clear whether other, less commonly measured marine-derived, sulfur-containing gases share similar dynamics to DMS and contribute to secondary marine aerosol formation. Here, we present measurements of gas-phase volatile organosulfur molecules taken with a Vocus proton transfer reaction high resolution time-of-flight mass spectrometer during a mesocosm phytoplankton bloom experiment using coastal seawater. We show that DMS, methanethiol (MeSH; CH3SH), and benzothiazole (C7H5NS) account for on average over 90 % of total gas-phase sulfur emissions, with non-DMS sulfur sources representing 36.8 ± 7.7 % of sulfur emissions during the first nine days of the experiment in the pre-bloom phase prior to major biological growth, before declining to 14.5 ± 6.0 % in the latter half of the experiment when DMS dominates during the bloom and decay phases. The molar ratio of DMS to MeSH during the pre-bloom phase (DMS : MeSH = 4.60 ± 0.93) was consistent with the range of previously calculated ambient DMS to MeSH sea-to-air flux ratios. As the experiment progressed, the DMS to MeSH emission ratio increased significantly, reaching 31.8 ± 18.7 during the bloom and decay. Measurements of dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP), heterotrophic bacteria, and enzyme activity in the seawater suggest the DMS : MeSH ratio is a sensitive indicator of the bacterial sulfur demand and the composition and magnitude of available sulfur sources in seawater. The evolving DMS : MeSH ratio and the emission of a new aerosol precursor gas, benzothiazole, have important implications for secondary sulfate formation pathways in coastal marine environments.
An update and beyond: key landscapes for conservation land cover and change monitoring, thematic and validation datasets for the African, Caribbean and Pacific regions
Authors: Szantoi Zoltan , Brink Andreas , Lupi Andrea
Published: August 2021

Abstract. Natural resources are increasingly threatened in the
world. Threats to biodiversity and human well-being pose enormous challenges
in many vulnerable areas. Effective monitoring and protection of sites with
strategic conservation importance require timely monitoring, with a
particular focus on certain land cover classes that are especially
vulnerable. Larger ecological zones and wildlife corridors also warrant
monitoring, as these areas are subject to an even higher degree of pressure
and habitat loss as they are not “protected” compared to protected areas
(national parks, nature reserves, etc.). To address such a need, a satellite-imagery-based
monitoring workflow was developed to cover at-risk areas. The first phase of
the programme covered a total area of 560 442 km2 in sub-Saharan
Africa. In this update, we remapped some of the areas using the latest
satellite images available, and in addition we included some new areas to be
mapped. Thus, in this version we have updated and mapped an additional 852 025 km2 in the Caribbean, African and Pacific regions, involving up to
32 land cover classes. Medium- to high-spatial-resolution satellite imagery
was used to generate dense time series data, from which the thematic land
cover maps were derived. Each map and change map was fully verified and
validated by an independent team to meet our strict data quality
requirements. The independent validation datasets for each key landscape for
conservation (KLC) are also described and presented here (all datasets
presented are available at https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.931968;
Szantoi et al., 2021a).
Improving the Pareto Frontier in multi-dataset calibration of hydrological models using metaheuristics
Authors: Stefnisdóttir Silja , Sikorska-Senoner Anna E. , Ásgeirsson Eyjólfur I. , Finger David C.
Published: August 2021

Abstract. Hydrological models are crucial tools in water and environmental resource management but they require careful calibration based on observed data. Model calibration remains a challenging task, especially if a multi-objective or multi-dataset calibration is necessary to generate realistic simulations of multiple flow components under consideration. In this study, we explore the value of three metaheuristics, i.e. (i) Monte Carlo (MC), (ii) Simulated Annealing (SA), and (iii) Genetic 5 Algorithm (GA), for a multi-data set calibration to simultaneously simulate streamflow, snow cover and glacier mass balances using the conceptual HBV model. Based on the results from a small glaciated catchment of the Rhone River in Switzerland, we show that all three metaheuristics can generate parameter sets that result in realistic simulations of all three variables. Detailed comparison of model simulations with these three metaheuristics reveals however that GA provides the most accurate simulations (with lowest confidence intervals) for all three variables when using both the 100 and the 10 best parameter sets for 10 each method. However, when considering the 100 best parameter sets per method, GA yields also some worst solutions from the pool of all methods’ solutions. The findings are supported by a reduction of the parameter equifinality and an improvement of the Pareto frontier for GA in comparison to both other metaheuristic methods. Based on our results, we conclude that GA-based multi-dataset calibration leads to the most reproducible and consistent hydrological simulations with multiple variables considered.
Onset of Aegean-style extensional deformation in the contractional southern Dinarides documented by incipient normal fault scarps in Montenegro
Authors: Biermanns Peter , Schmitz Benjamin , Mechernich Silke , Weismüller Christopher , Onuzi Kujtim , Ustaszewski Kamil , Reicherter Klaus
Published: August 2021

Abstract. We describe two previously unreported, 5–7 km long normal fault scarps (NFS) occurring atop fault-related anticlines in the coastal ranges of the Dinarides fold-and-thrust belt in southern Montenegro, a region under predominant contraction. Both NFS show well-exposed, 6–9 m high, striated and locally polished fault surfaces in limestones, documenting active faulting during the Holocene. Sharply delimited ribbons on free rock faces show different color, varying karstification and lichen growth and suggest stepwise footwall exhumation, typical of repeated normal faulting earthquake events. Displacements, surface rupture lengths and geometries of the outcropping fault planes imply paleoearthquakes with Mw ≈ 6 ± 0.5 and slip rates of c. 0.3–0.5 mm/yr since the Last Glacial Maximum. Slip rates based on cosmogenic 36Cl data from the scarps are significantly higher: modeling suggests 1.5 ± 0.1 mm/yr and 6–15 cm slip every c. 35–100 yrs, commencing c. 6 kyr ago. The total throw on both NFS – although poorly constrained – is estimated to max. 200 m, and offsets the basal thrust of a regionally important tectonic unit. Both NFS are incipient extensional structures that postdate growth of the fault-related anticlines on top of which they occur. Interestingly, the position of the extensional features agrees with recent geodetic data, suggesting that our study area is located exactly at the transition from NE-SW-directed shortening in the northwest to NE-SW-directed extension to the southeast. While the contraction reflects ongoing Adria-Europe convergence taken up along the frontal portions of the Dinarides, the incipient extensional structures might be induced by rollback of the Hellenic slab in the SE, whose effects on the upper plate appear to be migrating along-strike the Hellenides towards the northwest. The newly found NFS provide evidence for a kinematic change of a thrust belt segment over time. Alternatively, the NFS might be regarded as second-order features accommodating changes in dip of the underlying first-order thrust faults to which they are tied genetically.
Towards a swath-to-swath sea-ice drift product for the Copernicus Imaging Microwave Radiometer mission
Authors: Lavergne Thomas , Piñol Solé Montserrat , Down Emily , Donlon Craig
Published: August 2021

Abstract. Across spatial and temporal scales, sea-ice motion has implications for ship
navigation, the sea-ice thickness distribution, sea-ice export to lower
latitudes and re-circulation in the polar seas, among others. Satellite
remote sensing is an effective way to monitor sea-ice drift globally and
daily, especially using the wide swaths of passive microwave missions. Since
the late 1990s, many algorithms and products have been developed for this
task. Here, we investigate how processing sea-ice drift vectors from the
intersection of individual swaths of the Advanced Microwave Scanning
Radiometer 2 (AMSR2) mission compares to today's status quo (processing from
daily averaged maps of brightness temperature). We document that the
“swath-to-swath” (S2S) approach results in many more (2 orders of
magnitude) sea-ice drift vectors than the “daily map” (DM) approach.
These S2S vectors also validate better when compared to trajectories of
on-ice drifters. For example, the RMSE of the 24 h winter Arctic sea-ice
drift is 0.9 km for S2S vectors and 1.3 km for DM vectors from the 36.5 GHz
imagery of AMSR2. Through a series of experiments with actual AMSR2 data and
simulated Copernicus Imaging Microwave Radiometer (CIMR) data, we study the
impact that geolocation uncertainty and imaging resolution have on the
accuracy of the sea-ice drift vectors. We conclude by recommending that a
swath-to-swath approach is adopted for the future operational Level-2
sea-ice drift product of the CIMR mission. We outline some potential next
steps towards further improving the algorithms and making the user
community ready to fully take advantage of such a product.
DATING THE NEW TESTAMENT
Authors: KUBAREV V.V.
Published: August 2021

Based on a thorough analysis of the chronicles of Ancient and New Rome, Ancient Russia, Great Bulgaria and Arabic sources, as well as the texts of the Gospels, the author made a reconstruction of the ancestral tree of Jesus Christ and the events of the New Testament, linking them to real historical figures and astronomical phenomena. In addition, the author compares the facts of the appearance of the canonical image of Jesus Christ on icons, mosaics and frescoes, the Holy Shroud, and coins of ancient states. The author justifies the dating of the events of the New Testament to the beginning of the XI century on the basis of established facts, and not the generally accepted canons of faith.
Making The war that changed us: Notes from the frontline of history, television and military remembrance
Authors: Wright Clare
Published: August 2021

The war that changed us, produced by Electric Pictures, directed by Don Featherstone,

and co-written by Don Featherstone and Clare Wright, aired on ABC1 in July 2014.

This essay reflects on the role of the professional historian in the process of developing

and writing a four-part television documentary series to commemorate the centenary of

World War I. It explores the conflicts and collaborations required to bring to the small

screen an enormous story with huge implications for current political debates about

remembrance, patriotism and the function of the national broadcaster.
History, the Holocaust and children’s historical fiction
Authors: Teo Hsu-Ming
Published: August 2021

In 2013, the NSW Premier’s Young People’s History Prize was won by Australian

novelist Jackie French’s historical novel Pennies for Hitler. French’s young adult

novel, Dingo: The dog who conquered a continent, was also one of the three works

shortlisted for the prize. No history/literary wars broke out over these historical novels.

This article considers why children’s historical fiction is considered ‘good’ (or ’good

enough’) history when so many adult historical novels are not. Beginning with a brief

overview of the competing claims about the ‘fictiveness’ of history, this article then

uses French’s Pennies for Hitler as well as her novel Hitler’s daughter (1999) as case

studies to test what Australian children – French’s main readership – would actually

learn about Nazi Germany, the Holocaust and the Second World War from historical

fiction. It concludes with a reflection about why the pleasures of childhood reading are

denied adults, who are perhaps encouraged to treat history like work instead.
IMPACTO SUBJETIVO DA PRESSÃO PSICOLÓGICA INSTITUCIONAL NO COTIDIANO DE PROFESSORAS-MÃES DURANTE O ISOLAMENTO SOCIAL
Authors: Costa Marcone Felix , Teixeira Pedro Henrique de Melo
Published: August 2021

O convívio social foi um dos fatores fortemente afetados durante apandemia do vírus SARS-Cov-2 (Covid-19), o qual gera grande preocupação nosimpactos sentidos. Este estudo faz parte de uma pesquisa transversal, efetuadacom professoras-mães, entre 65 a 70 dias do início de isolamento social, emPernambuco. Foi conduzida por questionário enviado por link e realizada com 30profissionais de instituições públicas e privadas. O objetivo desta pesquisa écompreender o universo dessas mães enquanto profissionais, sua relação com averticalidade institucional e seu impacto no cotidiano de isolamento. Os resultadosobtidos mostram consequências psicológicas significativas ocasionadas pelapressão sofrida como cansaço, estresse, baixo autoestima, uso de fortesmedicações, além da anulação da vida familiar.