bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Uliginosin B, a Possible New Analgesic Drug, Acts by Modulating the Adenosinergic System
Authors: Stolz Eveline Dischkaln , da Costa Paola Fontoura , Medeiros Liciane Fernandes , Souza Andressa , Battastini Ana Maria Oliveira , von Poser Gilsane Lino , Bonan Carla , Torres Iraci L. S. , Rates Stela Maris Kuze
Published: March 2016

Uliginosin B (ULI) is a natural acylphloroglucinol that has been proposed as a new molecular scaffold for developing analgesic and antidepressant drugs. Its effects seem to be due to its ability to increase monoamines in the synaptic cleft by inhibiting their neuronal uptake without binding to their respective transporters, but its exact mode of action is still unknown. Considering the importance of the purinergic system to pain transmission and its modulation by monoamines availability, the aim of this study was to investigate the involvement of adenosinergic signaling in antinociceptive effect of uliginosin B. The selective adenosine A1 receptor antagonist DPCPX and the selective A2A antagonist ZM 241385 prevented the effect of ULI in the hot‐plate test in mice. Pretreatment with inhibitors of adenosine reuptake (dipyridamole) or adenosine deaminase (EHNA) did not affect the ULI effect. On the other hand, its effect was completely prevented by an inhibitor of ecto‐5′‐nucleotidase (AMPCP). This finding was confirmed ex vivo, whereby ULI treatment increased AMP and ATP hydrolysis in spinal cord and cerebral cortex synaptosomes, respectively. Altogether, these data indicate that activation of A1 and A2A receptors and the modulation of ecto‐5′‐nucleotidase activity contribute to the antinociceptive effect of ULI.
Designing Unimodular Waveform with Low Range Sidelobes and Stopband for Cognitive Radar via Relaxed Alternating Projection
Authors: Feng Xiang , Song Yang-chun , Zhou Zhi-quan , Zhao Yi-nan
Published: March 2016

Cognitive radar could adapt the spectrum of waveforms in response to information regarding the changing environment, so as to avoid narrowband interference or electronic jamming. Besides stopband constraints, low range sidelobes and unimodular property are also desired. In this paper, we propose a Spectral Approximation Relaxed Alternating Projection (SARAP) method, to synthesize unimodular waveform with low range sidelobes and spectral power suppressed. This novel method, based on phase retrieval and relaxed alternating projection, could convert the correlation optimization into the spectrum approximation via the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT). Moreover, by virtue of the relaxation factor and accelerated factor, SARAP can exploit local area and more likely converge to the global solution. Numerical trials have demonstrated that SARAP could achieve excellent performance and computational efficiency which will facilitate the real-time design.
Microperimetric Assessment after Epiretinal Membrane Surgery: 4-Year Follow-Up
Authors: Dal Vecchio Marco , Lavia Carlo , Nassisi Marco , Grignolo Federico M. , Fea Antonio M.
Published: March 2016

Purpose. To investigate retinal function using microperimetry in patients affected by idiopathic epiretinal membrane (iERM) and cataract who underwent combined surgery: 4-year follow-up.Design. Prospective, interventional case series.Methods. 30 eyes of 30 consecutive patients with iERM and age-related cataract underwent 25-gauge vitrectomy and cataract surgery. At baseline, 90 and 180 days, and 1 and 4 years, we examined retinal mean sensitivity (MS), retinal mean defect (MD), fixation stability, and frequency of microscotomas using MP1 microperimetry. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central retinal thickness (CRT) using a spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) were also performed.Results. All patients completed 1-year follow-up, while 23 patients reached last follow-up. Baseline MS and MD (10.48 ± 4.17 and −9.18 ± 4.40 dB) significantly changed at one year (12.33 ± 3.66 and −7.49 ± 3.31 dB,p<0.01), at four years (14.18 ± 3.46 and −4.66 ± 2.85,p<0.01), and between one and four years (p<0.01) after surgery. Compared to baseline, CRT and BCVA significantly changed at one year and remained stable at four years. No variations were observed in fixation stability and frequency of microscotomas compared to baseline.Conclusions. Long-term follow-up using microperimetry seems useful to evaluate patients after iERM surgery: retinal sensitivity changes even when BCVA and CRT remain stable.
Identification and Evolutionary Analysis of Potential Candidate Genes in a Human Eating Disorder
Authors: Sabbagh Ubadah , Mullegama Saman , Wyckoff Gerald J.
Published: March 2016

The purpose of this study was to find genes linked with eating disorders and associated with both metabolic and neural systems. Our operating hypothesis was that there are genetic factors underlying some eating disorders resting in both those pathways. Specifically, we are interested in disorders that may rest in both sleep and metabolic function, generally called Night Eating Syndrome (NES). A meta-analysis of the Gene Expression Omnibus targeting the mammalian nervous system, sleep, and obesity studies was performed, yielding numerous genes of interest. Through a text-based analysis of the results, a number of potential candidate genes were identified. VGF, in particular, appeared to be relevant both to obesity and, broadly, to brain or neural development. VGF is a highly connected protein that interacts with numerous targets via proteolytically digested peptides. We examined VGF from an evolutionary perspective to determine whether other available evidence supported a role for the gene in human disease. We conclude that some of the already identified variants in VGF from human polymorphism studies may contribute to eating disorders and obesity. Our data suggest that there is enough evidence to warrant eGWAS and GWAS analysis of these genes in NES patients in a case-control study.
EyeTribe Tracker Data Accuracy Evaluation and Its Interconnection with Hypothesis Software for Cartographic Purposes
Authors: Popelka Stanislav , Stachoň Zdeněk , Šašinka Čeněk , Doležalová Jitka
Published: March 2016

The mixed research design is a progressive methodological discourse that combines the advantages of quantitative and qualitative methods. Its possibilities of application are, however, dependent on the efficiency with which the particular research techniques are used and combined. The aim of the paper is to introduce the possible combination of Hypothesis with EyeTribe tracker. The Hypothesis is intended for quantitative data acquisition and the EyeTribe is intended for qualitative (eye-tracking) data recording. In the first part of the paper, Hypothesis software is described. The Hypothesis platform provides an environment for web-based computerized experiment design and mass data collection. Then, evaluation of the accuracy of data recorded by EyeTribe tracker was performed with the use of concurrent recording together with the SMI RED 250 eye-tracker. Both qualitative and quantitative results showed that data accuracy is sufficient for cartographic research. In the third part of the paper, a system for connecting EyeTribe tracker and Hypothesis software is presented. The interconnection was performed with the help of developed web application HypOgama. The created system uses open-source software OGAMA for recording the eye-movements of participants together with quantitative data from Hypothesis. The final part of the paper describes the integrated research system combining Hypothesis and EyeTribe.
Is Myomectomy Prior to Assisted Reproductive Technology Cost Effective in Women with Intramural Fibroids?
Authors: Ojo-Carons Mary , Mumford Sunni L. , Armstrong Alicia Y. , DeCherney Alan H. , Devine Kate
Published: March 2016

Aim: To evaluate the cost effectiveness of surgery to remove intramural (IM) fibroids prior to assisted reproductive technology (ART). Methods: The decision tree mathematical model along with sensitivity analysis was performed to analyze cost effectiveness of: (1) myomectomy followed by ART or (2) ART with IM myoma(s) in situ. Results: At the median ongoing pregnancy (OP) rate (OPR) reported in the literature for a fresh, autologous ART cycle with IM fibroids in situ vs. post-IM myomectomy, average cost per OP was $72,355 vs. 66,075, indicating a cost savings with myomectomy. Sensitivity analysis over the range of reported OPRs demonstrated that pre-ART IM myomectomy was always cost effective when OPR among women with in situ myomas was <15.4%. However, for OPRs ≥15.4%, pre-ART IM myomectomy was only cost effective if it increased OPR by at least 9.6%. At the high end of OPRs reported for patients with IM myomas in situ (31.4%), a 19.5% improvement in OPR was needed to justify IM myomectomy from a cost perspective. Conclusion: Myomectomy should be used sparingly in cases where the goal of surgery is to achieve improvement in the outcomes of ART.
Effectiveness of Barrier Creams against Irritant Contact Dermatitis
Authors: Mostosi Christian , Simonart Thierry
Published: March 2016

Introduction: Skin tissue is frequently exposed to various irritant substances in the workplace, particularly in wet work, which can lead to the development of occupational contact dermatitis. ‘Barrier' creams (BCs) are well known, and their applications are still the subject of many studies and controversies. Methods: We searched all controlled trials investigating BCs against cutaneous irritants in humans published between 1956 and December 2014 from MEDLINE, PubMed, reference lists and existing reviews. Results: Thirty-nine studies about the effects of BCs against skin irritants in humans were selected. Among these, 27 trials in healthy volunteers were found to show many differences with regard to BCs and irritants used, their quantities, test locations, procedures and assessment methods. Finally, 14 patch test trials assessed by clinical scoring and evaporimetry emerged. Although the findings were generally positive, only few findings could be cross-checked from all the data, and vehicles seem to be as effective as BCs. Conclusion: Although this review highlights the poor quality and the lack of standardization of most studies, BCs seem to have protective effects against irritants. Further well-designed, adequately powered randomized controlled trials with clinical and biophysical assessments are required.
MicroRNA miR-371a-3p - A Novel Serum Biomarker of Testicular Germ Cell Tumors: Evidence for Specificity from Measurements in Testicular Vein Blood and in Neoplastic Hydrocele Fluid
Authors: Dieckmann Klaus-Peter , Spiekermann Meike , Balks Thomas , Ikogho Raphael , Anheuser Petra , Wosniok Werner , Loening Thomas , Bullerdiek Jörn , Belge Gazanfer
Published: March 2016

Background: microRNAs (miRs)-371-3 are suggested to be novel biomarkers of germ cell tumors (GCTs), but their specificity is unresolved. We aimed at clarifying the origin of miR 371a-3p by measuring this miR in peripheral vein blood, and in fluids present in the vicinity of GCTs. Methods: miR-371a-3p levels were measured by quantitative PCR in 9 tumor surrounding hydroceles and in cubital vein blood (CVB) and testicular vein blood (TVB) of 64 GCT patients, 51 with clinical stage (CS) 1, 13 with CS2-3. Thirty three CS1 cases had also postoperative CVB measurement. TVB miR levels were compared with those of CVB. Associations with clinical factors were analyzed statistically. Results: TVB miR levels were 294-fold, 80-fold and 4.6-fold higher than those in CVB of CS1 patients, CS2-3 patients and controls, respectively. Neoplastic hydrocele fluid comprised of very high miR levels. In CS1, miR levels dropped to normal postoperatively. Statistically, CVB miR levels are significantly associated with tumor size (p = 0.0211) and testis length (p = 0.0493). TVB miR levels are associated with testis length (p = 0.0129). Conclusions: This study provides evidence for the origin of circulating miR 371a-3p molecules from GCT cells. miR-371a-3p represents a specific serum biomarker for germ cell cancer.
A Comparison between CHEK2*1100delC/I157T Mutation Carrier and Noncarrier Breast Cancer Patients: A Clinicopathological Analysis
Authors: Huszno Joanna , Budryk Magdalena , Kołosza Zofia , Tęcza Karolina , Pamuła Piłat Jolanta , Nowara Elżbieta , Grzybowska Ewa
Published: March 2016

Objective: The suppressor gene CHEK2 encodes a cell cycle checkpoint kinase, involved in cell cycle regulation, apoptosis and response to DNA damage. The aim of this study was to analyze the differences between CHEK2 mutation carriers (CHEK2*1100delC/I157T) and noncarriers with respect to clinicopathological factors. Methods: We reviewed the medical records of 100 early breast cancer patients (46 mutation carriers and 54 noncarriers) who were treated with chemotherapy, hormonotherapy or trastuzumab. Results:CHEK2 mutation carriers were older (>65 years) than noncarriers (17 vs. 7%; p = 0.215). Twenty-five (54%) of them had a history of cancer in the family. Gastric cancer in the family history was detected in 11% of mutation carriers and in 2% of noncarriers (p = 0.092). There was a trend for more frequent lymph node metastases in patients without the mutation in comparison to mutation carriers (46 vs. 28%; p = 0.098). Luminal B type breast cancer was detected more often in carriers (39 vs. 20%; p = 0.048). Breast-conserving treatment was also conducted more often in mutation carriers (57 vs. 31%; p = 0.015). Histologic grades G1/G2 were detected more frequently in mutation carriers (82 vs. 70%; p = 0.212). Conclusion: Mutation carriers were characterized by older age, a history of gastric cancer in the family, locally advanced disease, lower histologic grade and luminal B type breast cancer.
The Effect of Vaginal Oestriol Cream on Subjective and Objective Symptoms of Stress Urinary Incontinence and Vaginal Atrophy: An International Multi-Centre Pilot Study
Authors: Weber Maaike A. , Lim Veronica , Oryszczyn Josephine , te West Nevine , Souget Judith , Jeffery Stephen , Roovers Jan Paul W.R. , Moore Kate H.
Published: March 2016

Aim: Subjectively and objectively assess stress urinary incontinence (SUI) symptoms before and after topical oestrogen therapy. Methods: A prospective study was performed in 3 centres in South-Africa, Australia and the Netherlands. Postmenopausal women with SUI were treated with topical oestriol cream for 6 weeks. The primary subjective outcome was the Patient's Global Impression of Improvement (PGI-I) scale. The primary objective outcome was vaginal pH. Secondary subjective outcomes were: the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Urinary Incontinence-Short Form, the Incontinence Impact Questionnaire, the Urogenital Distress Inventory (UDI-6) and the most bothersome symptom approach. Secondary objective outcome was the erect cough pad test. Compliance was scored. Results: A total of 68 women were enrolled. Half of the participants reported improvement on the PGI-I scale after treatment. Vaginal pH was significantly lower after treatment (median 5.3 (interquartile range (IQR) 4.5-6.0) vs. 5.0 (4.4-5.4), p = 0.002). Improvement on the UDI stress domain was observed (p = 0.01). No statistically significant differences were found in the other subjective outcomes. Baseline and repeat cough pad tests demonstrated a wide variation with no significant difference. Compliance was high (median 100 (IQR 83-100%)). Conclusion: Topical oestriol cream during 6 weeks improved quality of life and vaginal pH but no other objective measures of incontinence.
Os juristas e o direito em Bourdieu: a conflituosa construção histórica da racionalidade jurídica
Authors: Sckell Soraya Nour
Published: March 2016

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar com Bourdieu  o jurista enquanto agente de transformação social e o direito enquanto motor desta transformação. Tal análise pressupõe uma reconstrução de Bourdieu que possa superar a crítica de que ele teria uma teoria da "determinação" social que não ajudaria a pensar nas possibilidades de "transformação" social, sobretudo pelo direito. Questiona-se primeiro com Bourdieu sobre como o direito pode contribuir para a emancipação social (1); em seguida, sobre como o jurista pode se tornar um agente de emancipação social (2) e, finalmente, sobre que tipos de trabalho em sociologia do direito se inspiram em Bourdieu (3). Pode-se então pensar sobre a forma específica de luta política pela qual juristas, pelo direito, participam do que Bourdieu chama de construção histórica da razão.
Aptidão física e nível habitual de atividade física associados à saúde cardiovascular em adultos e idosos
Authors: Trapé Átila A. , Lizzi Elisangela A. S. S. , Jacomini André M. , Hott Sara C. , Bueno Júnior Carlos R. , Zago Anderson S.
Published: March 2016

Modelo do Estudo: Transversal Fundamento: O nível habitual de atividade física (NHAF) vem sendo utilizado para estabelecer uma relação entre estilo de vida ativo e saúde cardiovascular. No entanto, a avaliação da aptidão física permitiria a avaliação real das condições físicas do indivíduo, podendo assim apresentar melhores relações com a saúde cardiovascular. Objetivos: Relacionar o NHAF e aptidão física com a saúde cardiovascular de adultos e idosos e verificar a associação da prática regular de exercícios físicos supervisionada com os diferentes níveis de aptidão física. Método: Foram avaliados 213 adultos e idosos (> 50 anos) participantes de projetos comunitários. Os participantes realizaram as seguintes avaliações: NHAF por meio do questionário IPAQ, aptidão física por meio de uma bateria de testes motores que permitiu o cálculo do Índice de Aptidão Funcional Geral (IAFG), pressão arterial, perfil lipídico e índice de massa corporal. Resultados: O modelo linear generalizado evidenciou um maior número de diferenças com relação às variáveis relacionadas à saúde cardiovascular quando os participantes foram subdivididos em grupos tendo o IAFG como variável independente, comparado ao NHAF. O teste exato de Fisher evidenciou que os grupos de IAFG classificados como “bom” e “muito bom” apresentaram maior proporção de indivíduos com prática regular de exercícios físicos superior a 6 meses, com destaque para um maior número realizando a prática com supervisão (p < 0,0001). Conclusão: O IAFG apresenta melhor associação com a saúde cardiovascular do que o NHAF e o tempo de prática e a supervisão estão associados ao nível de aptidão física
Efetividade da estimulação diafragmática elétrica transcutânea na força muscular respiratória, volumes e capacidades pulmonares: revisão sistemática
Authors: Ferreira Lucas Lima , Mello Juliana R. C. , Brito Marcus Vinicius C. , Cavenaghi Odete Maud
Published: March 2016

Introdução: A estimulação diafragmática elétrica transcutânea (EDET) consiste em estimular o diafragma, por meio de estímulos elétricos rítmicos de curta duração promovendo uma pressão intrapleural negativa que pode influenciar tanto na ventilação pulmonar quanto no retorno venoso e no débito cardí- aco, representando mais uma importante ferramenta para a fisioterapia respiratória. Objetivo: Analisar os desfechos da aplicação da EDET na força muscular respiratória e nos volumes e capacidades pulmonares. Métodos: Por meio de uma revisão sistemática da literatura, foram analisados ensaios clínicos publicados entre 2003 e 2013. A busca envolveu as bases de dados LILACS, SciELO, MedLine e PEDro, usando os descritores “diaphragm”, “respiratory muscles” e “physical therapy” em cruzamento com o descritor “electrical stimulation”. Resultados: Foram incluídos 6 estudos, que somaram 105 indivíduos, com idade variando entre 20 e 75 anos, e que demonstraram que a utilização da EDET causou incremento significativo (p <0,05) da pressão inspiratória máxima (PImáx) e da pressão expiratória máxima (PEmáx), do volume corrente (VC) e dos volumes de reserva inspiratório e expiratório. Conclusão: A EDET promove aumento na força muscular respiratória e em alguns volumes pulmonares, em indivíduos saudáveis e/ ou pacientes com doenças crônicas ou em pós-operatório de cirurgias.
Do Self-Management Interventions Work in Patients With Heart Failure?
Authors: Jonkman Nini H. , Westland Heleen , Groenwold Rolf H.H. , Ågren Susanna , Atienza Felipe , Blue Lynda , Bruggink-André de la Porte Pieta W.F. , DeWalt Darren A. , Hebert Paul L. , Heisler Michele , Jaarsma Tiny , Kempen Gertrudis I.J.M. , Leventhal Marcia E. , Lok Dirk J.A. , Mårtensson Jan , Muñiz Javier , Otsu Haruka , Peters-Klimm Frank , Rich Michael W. , Riegel Barbara , Strömberg Anna , Tsuyuki Ross T. , van Veldhuisen Dirk J. , Trappenburg Jaap C.A. , Schuurmans Marieke J. , Hoes Arno W.
Published: March 2016

Background—

Self-management interventions are widely implemented in the care for patients with heart failure (HF). However, trials show inconsistent results, and whether specific patient groups respond differently is unknown. This individual patient data meta-analysis assessed the effectiveness of self-management interventions in patients with HF and whether subgroups of patients respond differently.

Methods and Results—

A systematic literature search identified randomized trials of self-management interventions. Data from 20 studies, representing 5624 patients, were included and analyzed with the use of mixed-effects models and Cox proportional-hazard models, including interaction terms. Self-management interventions reduced the risk of time to the combined end point of HF-related hospitalization or all-cause death (hazard ratio, 0.80; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.71–0.89), time to HF-related hospitalization (hazard ratio, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.69–0.92), and improved 12-month HF-related quality of life (standardized mean difference, 0.15; 95% CI, 0.00–0.30). Subgroup analysis revealed a protective effect of self-management on the number of HF-related hospital days in patients <65 years of age (mean, 0.70 versus 5.35 days; interaction
P
=0.03). Patients without depression did not show an effect of self-management on survival (hazard ratio for all-cause mortality, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.69–1.06), whereas in patients with moderate/severe depression, self-management reduced survival (hazard ratio, 1.39; 95% CI, 1.06–1.83, interaction
P
=0.01).

Conclusions—

This study shows that self-management interventions had a beneficial effect on time to HF-related hospitalization or all-cause death and HF-related hospitalization alone and elicited a small increase in HF-related quality of life. The findings do not endorse limiting self-management interventions to subgroups of patients with HF, but increased mortality in depressed patients warrants caution in applying self-management strategies in these patients.
Changing Conceptions of Care
Authors: Fox Rebekah , Gee Nancy R.
Published: March 2016

This paper explores the changing nature of companion animal-human relationships in Britain over the past 30 years. This period has seen rapid change in attitudes and practices towards companion animals, with notable advances in medical treatment, nutrition, and understanding of non-human animal behavior, as well as re-evaluations of the position of animals within the home. Based upon in-depth interviews with companion animal caretakers and professionals involved in the companion animal industry, we examined these changes in the United Kingdom. Major themes were identified: Humanization, Commercialization, Medicalization, Responsible Companionship, and Alternative Companionship. These changes have had largely positive effects on companion animal health and welfare, but also bring new expectations of the companion relationship, which humans and nonhuman animals may be unable or unwilling to fulfill. While dominant discourses of responsible companionship prevail, the process of change is ongoing and reflects emerging trends in human society towards diversification and alternative lifestyles.
Assessing the Dog: A Theoretical Analysis of the Companion Animal’s Actions in Human-Animal Interactions
Authors: Vitztum Coley , Urbanik Julie
Published: March 2016

Companion animals are proposed as valuable assets in human-animal interaction (hai) for human-health interventions. The benefit of ahaiis presumably based on the interaction between the two species. Although the actions and reactions of the human are routinely evaluated, nominal consideration is given to the influence of the nonhuman animal’s actions in the interaction as well as in the outcome of the intervention despite evidence in studies demonstrating the cognitive, emotional, and physical capabilities of the animal. The attributes of the dog and the current role of the dog in animal-assisted therapy (aat) are presented in this theoretical analysis as the foundation for assessment of the animal inhaifor human-health interventions. Rationale for the legitimacy of the dog (animal) as a subjective participant and potential methods of objective measurement for the dog as a participant inaatandhaiare discussed.
On the Genesis of a Book: Ibn Lubb’s Polemic Against Ibn ʿArafa
Authors: Adang Camilla
Published: March 2016

This brief contribution deals with Kitāb Fatḥ al-bāb wa-rafʿ al-ḥiǧāb bi-taʿqīb mā waqaʿa fī tawātur al-Qurʾān min al-suʾāl wa-l-ǧawāb, a treatise on the modes of transmission of the Qurʾān by the eighth/fourteenth-century legal scholar Ibn Lubb of Granada in which he attacks his Tunisian colleague Ibn ʿArafa. It describes the unusual circumstances that led to its composition and the way in which it was preserved for posterity.
Unique Outcomes in the Narratives of Young Adults Who Experienced Dating Violence as Adolescents
Authors: Draucker Claire Burke , Smith Carolyn , Mazurczyk Jill , Thomas Destini , Ramirez Patricia , McNealy Kim , Thomas Jade , Martsolf Donna S.
Published: March 2016

BACKGROUND: Narrative therapy, an approach based on the reauthoring of life narratives, may be a useful psychotherapeutic strategy for youth who have experienced dating violence. OBJECTIVE: A cornerstone of narrative therapy is the concept of unique outcomes, which are moments that stand in contrast to a client’s otherwise problem-saturated narratives. The purpose of this study was to identify and categorize unique outcomes embedded in narratives about adolescent dating violence. DESIGN: Text units representing unique outcomes were extracted from transcripts of interviews with 88 young adults who had experienced dating violence and were categorized using standard content analytic techniques. RESULTS: Six categories of unique outcome stories were identified: facing-facts stories, standing-up-for-myself stories, cutting-it-off stories, cutting-’em-loose stories, getting-back-on-track stories, and changing-it-up stories. CONCLUSION: This typology of unique outcomes can inform clinicians who work with clients who have a history of adolescent dating violence.
Talking Happiness, Security, and Counterinsurgency with Laleh Khalili
Authors: Thrasher Steven W.
Published: March 2016

Talking happiness, security, and counterinsurgency with Laleh Khalili. Steven W. Thrasher looks to a security expert’s insights to consider protest, politics, and policing.
Building Child-Centered Social Movements
Authors: Fernandes Sujatha
Published: March 2016

Subsidized campus childcare was hard-won and remains very effective, while budget cuts and the privatization of childcare threaten centers across the country.
Getting the Most Out of the U.S. Healthcare System
Authors: Gengler Amanda M.
Published: March 2016

Kids with life-threatening illnesses need cutting-edge technology and medical expertise, but families face uneven access and paths to such care.
Asian Americans, Bamboo Ceilings, and Affirmative Action
Authors: Chin Margaret M.
Published: March 2016

Margaret M. Chin on the interventions that help Asians rise.
English Soccer’s Mysterious Worldwide Popularity
Authors: Curley James P. , Roeder Oliver
Published: March 2016

Hames P. Curley and Oliver Roeder on the one island that’s scooping up soccer fans.
Shallow, Self-Absorbed, and Aggressively Competitive “Primates”
Authors: Ferree Myra Marx
Published: March 2016

Myra Marx-Ferree on Primates of Park Avenue.
#Callmecaitlyn and Contemporary Trans* Visibility
Authors: Compton D’Lane , Bridges Tristan
Published: March 2016

D’Lane Compton and Tristan Bridges on the difference between reality show awareness and real-life change.
Modeling the integration of bacterial rRNA fragments into the human cancer genome
Authors: Sieber Karsten B. , Gajer Pawel , Dunning Hotopp Julie C.
Published: March 2016

Background

Cancer is a disease driven by the accumulation of genomic alterations, including the integration of exogenous DNA into the human somatic genome. We previously identified in silico evidence of DNA fragments from a Pseudomonas-like bacteria integrating into the 5′-UTR of four proto-oncogenes in stomach cancer sequencing data. The functional and biological consequences of these bacterial DNA integrations remain unknown.

Results

Modeling of these integrations suggests that the previously identified sequences cover most of the sequence flanking the junction between the bacterial and human DNA. Further examination of these reads reveals that these integrations are rich in guanine nucleotides and the integrated bacterial DNA may have complex transcript secondary structures.

Conclusions

The models presented here lay the foundation for future experiments to test if bacterial DNA integrations alter the transcription of the human genes.
Priorities of Russia’s Monetary Policy
Authors: Смирнов  , Smirnov E.
Published: March 2016

In 2016 the current monetary policy of Russia will be focused primarily on maintaining of price stability and

decline in inflation.
Business Audit (Review) in Construction Activities: Challenges and Solutions
Authors: Бежан  , Bezhan M. , Москалева  , Moskaleva V.
Published: March 2016

In this article the authors study the problem of a new and promising area of one of the most difficult types of professional activity — the audit business, based on the study of business accounting information capable of catalyzing the information to develop all types of accounting and reporting of business processes in the value of construction activities.
Revisiting the Statutory Regulation of Accounting for Small Businesses
Authors: Терехова  , Terekhova E.
Published: March 2016

The article is devoted to problems of development of small and medium businesses in the Russian Federation,

the main of which, according to the author — the lack of an independent set of documents regulating the activities of

such organizations, accounting and preparation of financial (accounting) statements, as well as possible ways of solutions

indicated in this article problems.
Continuity of Primary School and Nursery School by the Realization of «Belgorod Studies» Program
Authors: Стручаева  , Struchaeva Tamara
Published: March 2016

The author proposes approaches to ensure the continuity of the process of familiarization with the homeland and patriotic education of children of preschool and primary school on the example of Belgorod regional studies material. The article gives informative modules, forms of organization and activities of the regional program on the integrated nature of the “Belgorod Studies” developed by the creative team of the department of pre-school and primary education of Belgorod Institute of Education Development, based on the provisions of the “Concept of the spiritual and moral development and education of the individual citizen of Russia”.
PERENCANAAN PEMBANGUNAN GUGUS PULAU SAPEKEN SECARA BERKELANJUTAN: PENILAIAN DAYA DUKUNG KAWASAN BAGI PENGEMBANGAN WISATA
Authors: Romadhon A , Yulianda F , Bengen D G , Adrianto L
Published: March 2016

The challenge for planning in small island is to ensure efficient use of limited land resources, ensure balanced regional development and balanced use of resources, including natural resources and landscape resources. Based on carrying capacity and small island destination, spatial planning of tourism in Sapeken archipelago which contaian several small island, done by suitability analyze Sapeken archipelago for several tourism. Furthermore,carrying capacity calculated referring Yuliandaetal(2010) to assess how much tourism can commodate without causing disruption the nature. The result suggest Sapeken archipelago have suitable area for dive tourism (164.42 ha); snorkeling (361.56 ha); fishing tourism (1493.38 ha), mangrove tourism (3927.09 ha) dan beach tourism (39.77 ha). Carrying capacity for tourism activities,Sapeken archipelago can commodate 4260 person/day for dive tourism; 3590person/dayfor snorkelling; 14 900people/day for fishing tourism; 321. 000people/day formangrovetoursm;and 199 people/day for beach tourism.
PENGEMBANGAN RUANG TERBUKA HIJAU DENGAN PENDEKATAN KOTA HIJAU DI KOTA KANDANGAN
Authors: Hayati Jamilah , Sitorus Santun R P , Nurisjah Siti
Published: March 2016

According to Act No 26/2007 about Spatial Planning, each region is required to provide 30% of its territory as green open space (RTH), sharing of 20% as public RTH and 10% as private RTH. Ministry of Public Works introduced the Green City Development Program (P2KH)  ADDIN EN.CITE Kementerian Pekerjaan Umum2012117(Kementerian Pekerjaan Umum, 2012)11711750Kementerian Pekerjaan Umum,
 Program Pengembangan Kota Hijau (P2KH) Panduan Pelaksanaan
2012JakartaKementerian Pekerjaan Umum(Kementerian Pekerjaan Umum, 2012) to assist the implementation of the mandate of this Act. This study aims to identify and predict the needs of public RTH in Kandangan City and organize referrals for expansion using Green City approach. The needs of RTH is calculated based on vast territory, population and comfort index. Comfort index of Kandangan City are in comfortable range. Based on vast territory, it takes 735,39 ha land for public RTH. Based on population, Kandangan City requires 170,81 ha. Atribute of Gren City approach used is Green Open Space. Compared with Zoning, Regulation, there should be more area needed for public RTH as green belt.
HOUSEHOLD PARTICIPATION IN RECYCLING PROGRAMS: A CASE STUDY FROM MALAYSIA
Authors: Akil Azilah M , Siong Ho Chin
Published: March 2016

The increase in per capita income and rapid urbanization, have contributed significantly to changes in consumption behaviour leading to increased waste generation.  Waste disposed to landfill sites is fast becoming unfeasible thus requiring a more effective management of waste material involving waste reduction, reuse and recycling. The success of recycling program, however, is largely dependent on household participation activities which are essentially behaviour driven. The recycling performance of Malaysian households is still low as it stands at 5.5% compared to Singapore and Vietnam which are 56% and 22% respectively. This study examines recycling behaviour among households and the influence of socioeconomic, demographic and behavioural characteristics on households’ participation in recycling program in Malaysia.  A sample of 300 randomly selected household were surveyed.  The findings revealed that most of the households (70%) claim that they are practicing recycling particularly types of paper and old clothes. The factors of participation in recycling show equal results both for environmental concerns and economic benefits. Those who did not participate in recycling, listed household issues or behaviour, namely lack of time and materials to recycle, inconvenient, lack of space, lack of facilities and information as well as laziness, as barriers. The paper finally highlights the factors which can encourage household to be involved in recycling and give recommendations to the authorities in terms of facilities and infrastructures to facilitate the program.
Demographic changes in the area of Śląskie voivodeship – retrospective analysis and projection until 2050
Authors: Sojka Elżbieta
Published: March 2016

The purpose of the paper is to present already observed as well as expected changes in the condition and age structure of the population of Śląskie voivodeship. The analysis concerns the years between 1990 and 2050. The paper presents changes in population in the years from 1990 to 2013 and the projection of the population situation in 2050. Special attention is focussed on the process of changes in population functional age groups, also the dynamics and the level of ageing advancement of population in total as well as of particular age groups which are significant from the point of view of labour market and future births are presented.
Constructing Synthetic Samples
Authors: Dong Hua , Meeden Glen
Published: March 2016

We consider the problem of constructing a synthetic sample from a population of interest which cannot be sampled from but for which the population means of some of its variables are known. In addition, we assume that we have in hand samples from two similar populations. Using the known population means, we will select subsamples from the samples of the other two populations which we will then combine to construct the synthetic sample. The synthetic sample is obtained by solving an optimization problem, where the known population means, are used as constraints. The optimization is achieved through an adaptive random search algorithm. Simulation studies are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach. We observe that on average, such synthetic samples behave very much like actual samples from the population of interest. As an application we consider constructing a one-percent synthetic sample for the missing 1890 decennial sample of the United States.
SELEKT – A Generic Tool for Selective Editing
Authors: Norberg Anders
Published: March 2016

The aim of selective editing is to make the often resource-demanding traditional editing process in business surveys more effective without a substantial loss in the precision of the output statistics. Recently, Statistics Sweden has developed a generic software package for selective editing called SELEKT. The method underpinning the software promotes continuous measurement of the suspicion of error response rather than a dichotomous measure using traditional edits. SELEKT is flexible and can be used in the production of surveys with different designs. Business surveys have diverse output regarding the number of variables, statistical measures, and domains of study definitions. The key objective of selective editing is to rank suspected errors in data according to the anticipated impact on the output. The software therefore has options to set different weights for different parts of the output to meet the needs of the main users of the statistics. Statistics Sweden has implemented SELEKT in eleven surveys to date. The experience gained will be used to provide recommendations on how to perform selective editing. This article will give an insight into SELEKT and its underlying theoretical base.
The Etiology of Syncope in an Emergency Hospital
Authors: Bădilă Elisabeta , Negrea Claudia , Rîpă Alina , Weiss Emma , Bartoş Daniela , Tîrziu Cristina
Published: March 2016

Background. Syncope is a commonly encountered problem in an emergency hospital. Global cerebral hypoperfusion is the final pathway common to all presentations of syncope, but this symptom presentation has a broad differential diagnosis. It is important to identify patients for whom syncope is a symptom of a potentially life-threatening condition.

Material and methods. We identified adult patients presenting with syncope to the Emergency Department of our hospital from January 2012 to June 2014. Of 590 patients found in the hospital database we further selected 217 patients who met our criteria, namely having a positive diagnosis of syncope (being clearly distinguished from other TLOCs) and an etiology of the disease. Thus, definite diagnosis was established retrospectively by reviewing medical records.

Results. The demographics of our group shows a slightly different distribution between men and women (49% men and 51% women) and a majority of the urban population (67%). As for the age range, most of our patients were in the age group of 70-80 years (30%), 29% were > 80 years old, and the percentage decreases significantly in the 60-70 years range (17%). The most frequent causes of syncope were cardiac (32%), vasovagal (23%) and due to orthostatic hypotension (12%), but we have also found various cases of mixt or iatrogenic causes.

Conclusions. The incidence of syncope increases sharply after 70 years of age and poses special consideration in light of multiple comorbid conditions, age-related changes, atypical presentation, and concomitant medication use. The most common causes of syncope in this population are cardiac causes, orthostatic hypotension and carotid sinus hypersensitivity. Often, root cause of syncope remains undiagnosed, despite exhaustive diagnostic testing.
Standardized Clinical Pathways for Hospitalized Children and Outcomes
Authors: Lion K. Casey , Wright Davene R. , Spencer Suzanne , Zhou Chuan , Del Beccaro Mark , Mangione-Smith Rita
Published: March 2016

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:

Clinical pathways standardize care for common health conditions. We sought to assess whether institution-wide implementation of multiple standardized pathways was associated with changes in utilization and physical functioning after discharge among pediatric inpatients.

METHODS:

Interrupted time series analysis of admissions to a tertiary care children’s hospital from December 1, 2009 through March 30, 2014. On the basis of diagnosis codes, included admissions were eligible for 1 of 15 clinical pathways implemented during the study period; admissions from both before and after implementation were included. Postdischarge physical functioning improvement was assessed with the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory 4.0 Generic Core or Infant Scales. Average hospitalization costs, length of stay, readmissions, and physical functioning improvement scores were calculated by month relative to pathway implementation. Segmented linear regression was used to evaluate differences in intercept and trend over time before and after pathway implementation.

RESULTS:

There were 3808 and 2902 admissions in the pre- and postpathway groups, respectively. Compared with prepathway care, postpathway care was associated with a significant halt in rising costs (prepathway vs postpathway slope difference –$155 per month [95% confidence interval −$246 to −$64]; P = .001) and significantly decreased length of stay (prepathway vs post-pathway slope difference –0.03 days per month [95% confidence interval −0.05 to −0.02]; P = .02), without negatively affecting patient physical functioning improvement or readmissions.

CONCLUSIONS:

Implementation of multiple evidence-based, standardized clinical pathways was associated with decreased resource utilization without negatively affecting patient physical functioning improvement. This approach could be widely implemented to improve the value of care provided.
ЕКОЛОГІЧНИЙ МОНІТОРИНГ СТАНУ ДУБОВОГО ГАЮ СЕЛИЩА В'ЯЧЕСЛАВКА
Authors: Vel'cheva L. G. , Gnativ E. V. , Vasin V. A.
Published: March 2016

The problem of the actuality of the realization of environmental monitoring of forests is considered in this article. The main task is to monitor and control the dynamics of the state of the forest plantations under the influence of anthropogenic factors and warning of critical situation, harmful or threatening their normal functioning and also the prediction of the changes in them.

Oak grove of village Vyacheslavka of Primorsky district of Zaporozhye region is the object of the study.

The main trees of oak groves, bonitas class, age class, completeness of the main trees, the average height and diameter of trees and also the number of trees to 1 ha are determined during the study. It was also analyzed condition of the soil factors and studied the degree of natural regeneration of oak groves, defined forest type and condition of soil cover.

We have scientifically grounded the necessity of development of conservation area «Oak Grove» by comparing the factors of monitoring studies and developed the plan of measure for the conservation and natural regeneration of this natural object.

Key words: environmental monitoring, main trees, bonitas class, age class.
СОЗОЛОГІЧНА ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА ЛІСОВОЇ ТА ЧАГАРНИКОВОЇ РОСЛИННОСТІ ПІВНІЧНОГО ПРИЧОРНОМОР’Я
Authors: Solomakha I. V.
Published: March 2016

As a result of sociological analysis found that in the vegetation cover of forests and shrubs in the Northern Black Sea found 88 view of rare and endangered plants. For 37 species, there are phytocoenotic table, the data on the other - are induced for that literary materials herbarium. They have a different distribution in the classes of the vegetation on the study territory: Pulsatillo-Pinetea sylvestris (13 species), Dactilydo glomeratae-Populetea tremulae (13), Festuco-Brometea (9), Rhamno-Prunetea (8), Nerio-Tamaricetea (7), Salicetea purpureae (5), Robinietea (3), Alnetea glutinosae (3), Franguletea (3). Some rare and endangered communities of the territory need to be included in the «Green Book of Ukraine».

Key words: vegetation, syntaxonomy, forests, shrubs, sozological characteristic, Northen Black Sea region.
ГНЕЗДОВАЯ БИОЛОГИЯ ГРАЧА (CORVUS FRUGILEGUS) В АНТРОПОГЕННО ИЗМЕНЕННЫХ СТЕПНЫХ ЭКОСИСТЕМАХ (НА ПРИМЕРЕ БОТИЕВСКОЙ ВЭС)
Authors: Dranga A. O. , Gorlov P. I. , Matsyura A. V. , Budgey R.
Published: March 2016

The article gives a space-structural characteristic of rook (Corvus frugilegus) nesting places in the territory of Botievo wind farm (Zaporizhzhia region). The distribution of the rook colonies around the territory, the structure of the colonies, the dependence of the location of the nests on the height, diameter, condition and species composition of tree and shrub plantings are analyzed and studied. The types and methods of the localization of nests in the trees and their quantitative characteristics are highlighted. The consortium relations of the rook and the risks associated with living near existing wind turbines are described.

In 2015 some six colonies were found: 2 medium (51-100 nests) and 4 large (101-500 nests) ones. All the colonies were located in the forest belts, mainly represented by locust trees Gleditsia triacanthos (5 colonies) and in the mixed forest consisting of the mulberry Morus sp., maple Acer, black locust Robinia pseudoacacia, and locust trees (1 colony). The area occupied by colonies had a four-fold difference between 977-3994 m2, while the number of the rook nests fluctuated in a seven-fold range - 52-343 nests.

Analysis of different indicators describing the structure of the rook colonies revealed certain dependence between the breeding area and the number of the occupied trees (r = 0.98); the breeding area and the number of nests (r = 0.71); the number of nests in the colony and the closeness of the trees in the forest belts (r = 0.96); the number of nests and the number of the occupied trees (r = 0.81), the height of the tree and the nest on it (r = 0.64). The characteristic of the location of nests in different rows of the forest belt revealed the shift of the density of the occupation of trees in large colonies to one of the outer rows, where there were 34.8-50.7 percent of all the nests.

Typology and localization of rook nests in the trees has 11 options of the location. The type of the location of nests near the trunk of the tree dominated (59.74 percent of trees and 67.02 percent of all nests). It is shown that rooks demonstrate the plasticity of the nesting behaviour to the changing environmental conditions.

Keywords: Rook (Corvus frugilegus), Zaporizhia region, wind farm, nesting area, colony structure, spatial distribution, colony.