bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mathematical Model and Simulation of the Spread of COVID-19 with Vaccination, Implementation of Health Protocols, and Treatment
Authors: Manaqib Muhammad , Mahmudi Mahmudi , Prayoga Galuh
Published: July 2023

This research develops the SVEIHQR model to simulate the spread of COVID-19 with vaccination, implementation of health protocols, and treatment. The population is divided into twelve subpopulations, resulting in a mathematical model of COVID-19 in the form of a system of twelve differential equations with twelve variables. From the model, we obtain the disease-free equilibrium point, the endemic equilibrium point, and the basic reproduction number (R0). The disease-free equilibrium point is locally asymptotically stable when R0 1 and ∆5 0, where ∆5 is the fifth-order Routh-Hurwitz matrix of the characteristic polynomial of the Jacobian matrix. Additionally, an endemic equilibrium point exists when R0 1. The results of numerical simulations are consistent with the conducted analysis, and the sensitivity analysis reveals that the significant parameters influencing the spread of COVID-19 are the proportion of symptomatic infected individuals and the contact rate with asymptomatic infected individuals.
Mathematical Modelling of Drug Abuse Reduction Strategies taking into account the Treatment Type and Risks Level
Authors: Alfiniyah Cicik , Puspitasari Anisa , Fatmawati Fatmawati
Published: July 2023

Drug abuse is one of the global issues and has spread among teenagers. Drugs may lead to subordination, health problems and even death. There are several policies made in each country related to the problem of drug abuse, both punishment and treatment. In this paper, we discuss the treatment and strategy to reduce the number of drug users. Drug users can recover themselves by undergoing rehabilitation in the form of inpatient or outpatient care. We first conduct qualitative analyses including stability analysis of equilibrium points of the model, the basic reproduction number and parameter sensitivity analysis. Mathematical model of drug abuse reduction by concerning type of treatment along with risk level without control has two equilibrium points, namely non-endemic or drug-free equilibrium and endemic equilibrium. Sensitivity analysis is provided to investigate which parameter that most affects the dynamical behaviour of the drug abuse model in terms of stability of the non-endemic and endemic equilibrium point. Then we impose an anti-drug campaign on the model as strategy control to reduce the number of drug abusers. Simulation results show that the anti-drug campaign has a significant effect in reducing both the number of drug abusers who received any treatment and do not get any treatment.
Factors causing Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) in Sikka District, East Nusa Tenggara Province
Authors: Kleden Maria Agustina , Atti Astri , Talahatu Anna Henny
Published: July 2023

Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is a disease caused by infection of the Dengue virus. The incidence of Dengue Fever in Sikka District is the highest in East Nusa Tenggara Province and even in Indonesia at the beginning of 2020. The condition of DHF occurrence in Sikka District is designated as an Extraordinary Event (EE). This study aims to identify some factors including the home environment, biological environment, and social environment that might lead to the occurrence of DHF in Sikka Regency and to determine the risk of a person getting DHF based on the factors. There were 170 respondents from the community of Sikka Regency, where 85 of them have suffered from DHF while the other 85 have never had DHF. The instrument used was a questionnaire containing 22 questions that have been tested for validity and reliability. This is a quantitative study, where the analytical method used is the logistic regression analysis. The results of the analysis showed that the factors that affect a person suffering from DHF are the size of the house, the color of the walls of the house, the habit of draining water reservoirs, the habit of using mosquito repellent, and the participation in cleaning mosquito nests. Based on the value of the odds ratio, it is known that a person with a house area of 36 m2 is more at risk of contracting dengue fever than someone with a house area of 36 m2. Likewise, households that did not participate in cleaning mosquito nests were compared to those who did participate. It is also found that house members who have light wall colors, have a habit of draining water reservoirs, and have a habit of using mosquito repellent are more at risk of contracting DHF than family members whose walls are dark in color, do not have the habit of draining water reservoirs, and do not participate in cleaning mosquito nests.
Dynamics of Covid-19 model with public awareness, quarantine, and isolation
Authors: Syafitri Risyqaa , Trisilowati Trisilowati , Kusumawinahyu Wuryansari Muharini
Published: July 2023

This paper presents a new COVID-19 model that contains public awareness, quarantine, and isolation. The model includes eight compartments: susceptible aware (SA), susceptible unaware (SU), exposed (E), asymptomatic infected (A), symptomatic infected (I), recovered (R), quarantined (Q), and isolated (J). The introduction will be shown in the first section, followed by the model simulation. The equilibrium points, basic reproduction number, and stability of the equilibrium points are then determined. The model has two equilibrium points: disease-free equilibrium point and endemic equilibrium point. The next-generation matrix is used to calculate the basic reproduction number R0. The disease-free equilibrium point always exists and is locally stable if R0 1, whereas the endemic equilibrium point exists when R0 1 and is locally stable if satisfying the Routh-Hurwitz criterion. Stability properties of the equilibrium confirmed by numerical simulation also show that quarantine rate and isolation rate have an impact in the transmission of COVID-19
Two isolation treatments on the COVID-19 model and optimal control with public education
Authors: Rois Muhammad Abdurrahman , Fatmawati Fatmawati , Alfiniyah Cicik
Published: July 2023

This study examines a COVID-19 mathematical model with two isolation treatments. We assume that isolation has two treatments: isolation with and without treatment. We also investigated the model using public education as a control. We show that the model has two equilibria based on the model without control. The basic reproduction number influences the local stability of the equilibrium and the presence of an endemic equilibrium. Therefore, the optimal control problem is solved by applying Pontryagin’s Principle. In the 100th day following the intervention, the number of reported diseases decreased by 85.5% when public education was used as the primary control variable in the simulations.
Dissolved oxygen on xylanase production by Trichoderma reesei using Reutalis trisperma press cake as an additional substrate
Authors: Riadi Lieke , Agustin Yuana Elly , Kok Tjie , Sanoe Meyta
Published: July 2023

Dissolved oxygen (DO) level in media plays a big role in the succession of the fermentation process by a microorganism. In this project, Trichoderma reesei was cultivated in two types of media, media A and B, both in 250 mL shake flask and 1.5 L fermenter at varying DO level. Media A and B contained the same carbon source and mineral salts, the difference between both media was the presence of press cake in Media B as urea and ammonium sulfate replacement, whereas the nitrogen sources in media A consists of urea and ammonium sulfate. The batch fermentation process was conducted in a 7.8 C/N ratio with an initial pH of 6. The purified enzyme was shown to convert xylan to xylose. Media B that contained Reutealis trisperma press cake gives a higher xylanase activity than media A without press cake, for both shake flask and fermenter cultivations. A xylanase activity of 101.07±1.65 U/mL and 39.30±0.64 U/mL was produced in a shake flask under 140 rpm for 96 hours of fermentation with ratio of 0.6 media B/flask volume and 0.6 media A/flask volume, respectively. A xylanase activity of 205.90±0.84 U/mL and 88.87±1.45 U/mL was produced in 72 hours at 0.8 L/min of aeration rate in a 1.5 L fermenter with media A and media B, respectively. Thus, this study identified the Reutealis trisperma cake can be used as a beneficial additional substrate and nitrogen sources. The increase in DO level, which indicated by increasing aeration rate, can generate a higher xylanase activity for both media in shake flask and fermenter.
Homeopathic interventions against Salmonella typhi: A narrative review
Authors: Umashankar Chitram , Kunchirman Bipinraj Nirichan , Shinde Chetan H.
Published: July 2023

This review discusses the importance of the antimicrobial action of homoeopathic medicine in the general management of typhoid. The main aim is to provide individualized homoeopathic treatment with symptomatic improvement, minimizing complications, and promoting early recovery. Justifying homoeopathy as preventive and curative in epidemic diseases. To review the effectiveness of homoeopathic medicine against Salmonella typhi by agar well diffusion and MIC value methods. Google scholar and PubMed databases were searched for this study to analyse the effects of homoeopathic medicine against Salmonella typhi. After scrutiny, shortlisted studies were reviewed for the study. The Google scholar search yielded 41 studies, a bibliography from 13 different sources books, and the Selection of 6 clinical rubrics from Radar 10-Synthesis Repertories after analysis of abstracts of 60 studies, 27 were shortlisted including five in-vitro and two in-vivo studies. Most of the studies showed the significance of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for homoeopathic medicine exhibited antibacterial potential against the related miniature organisms. The studies regarding antimicrobial action and other mechanisms of activity were heterogeneous. Homoeopathic remedies will allow the vital force immediately to deal with any exposure agents viz. various antigenic variants of salmonella. It appears to actuate resistant framework by initiating both T and B cells by the arrangement of antibodies. Further expansion of experimental studies is needed to know the exact action mechanism of homoeopathic medicines against Salmonella typhi.
Fraud Pentagon Theory Terhadap Kecurangan Laporan Keuangan di Sektor Perusahaan Manufaktur
Authors: Hastuti Poppy Meilina Dian , Rahayu Sari , Pratiwi Elok Cahyaning
Published: July 2023

Financial statement fraud is the type of fraud that has the most detrimental impact. This is due to the importance of the information contained in the financial statements themselves for stakeholders and shareholders. Fraud must be detected and prevented from occurring in a company. The fraud pentagon theory is a theory that explains the elements that cause fraud through five elements, namely pressure, opportunity, rationalization, ability or potential and arrogance. This study intends to investigate the impact of fraud pentagon variables proxied by Financial Target, Nature of Industry, Quality of External Auditor, Change of Auditor, Change of Direction, and Frequent Number of CEO on financial statement fraud. It has the ability to identify fraud as it occurs and supervise the business to prevent fraud. Return on assets, accounts receivable, choice of audit services at KAP, change of KAP, change of directors, and number of CEO pictures are used in this study to measure financial statement fraud. The population of this study consists of manufacturing businesses listed on the IDX between 2019 and 2021. There are 25 financial statements of manufacturing companies in the purposive sampling sample. Multiple linear regression has been used as the method of analysis in this study. The findings reveal that the nature of the industry, the caliber of the external auditor, and the frequency of the CEO have no discernible impact. Detecting financial statement fraud is significantly affected by financial objectives, auditor changes, and direction changes
PENINGKATAN MUTU PENDIDIKAN MASYARAKAT DESA KALISARI, KECAMATAN TEMPURAN, PADA MASA COVID-19 MELALUI PEMBELAJARAN MANDIRI DAN PENDIRIAN PERPUSTAKAAN DESA
Authors: Dewi Veni Soraya , Satrio Arief , Zalukhu Firman Bebalazi , Nugroho Fani Agus , Aldiki Erick Prafitra , Purnawati Mega Dwi
Published: July 2023

Pengabdian ini bertujuan (1) memberikan solusi atas permasalahan dalam hal pendidikan yang mana terkena dampak akibat pandemi ini, (2) dapat menyadarkan masyrakat akan pentingnya pendidikan (3) meningkatkan semangat belajar terutama anak-anak yang ada di desa (4) membantu memberikan fasilitas belajar terutama tempat membaca yang nyaman (5) memberikan solusi belajar mandiri yang tentunya efektif dirumah saat masa pandemi ini. Peserta dari kegiatan ini adalah warga atau masyarakat Desa Kalisari, Kecamatan Tempuran, Kabupaten Magelang. Metode yang digunakan menyesuaikan kondisi new normal di masa pandemik Covid 19 yaitu sosialisasi dan pelaksanaan door to door kepada warga desa kalisari. Hasil kegiatan ini adalah adanya peningkatan minat belajar dari masyarakat terutama anak-anak, dapat belajar dengan lebih efektif dimasa pandemi ini, dan juga dapat meningkatkan kesadaran akan pentingnya sebuah pendidikan.
PEMELIHARAAN HUTAN PRODUKSI DENGAN CARA PENANAMAN TANAMAN PENYANGGA DI KELOMPOK TANI HUTAN BATU EJAE OLEH KKNT GEL. 108 UNIVERSITAS HASANUDDIN
Authors: Ramadhan Faais Mufaasir , D i n H a r , Dewi Indah Kusuma , A h Y u r f i , Arif Faradiba Tsani , Akbar Fitrah Nur , Aprian Gilang , Purnamasakty Dewi , W a t i F a t m a , Naimah Fatkhatun , Aulia Farikha , S i n a r S a m , Gusti  Tanditasik Gregorius  Wahyu
Published: July 2023

Desa Rappa merupakan salah satu Kawasan hutan produksi yang terletak di wilayah Kecamatan Tonra Kabupaten Bone dengan luas 32.50 km2, yang terdiri dari dua dusun, enam Rukun Tetangga (RT) dengan jumlah penduduk keadaan terakhir Tahun 2021 sebanyak 1033 jiwa.  Kegiatan pengabdian ini diawali dengan melakukan sosialisasi pada masyarakat Desa Rappa tentang tanaman penyangga serta pembuatan proposal pengajuan bibit kepada Kesatuan Pengelola Hutan (KPH), hingga melakukan penanaman bibit secara bersama-sama antara masyarakat, pemerintah desa dan mahasiswa peserta Kuliah Kerja Nyata.  Hasil pengabdian dari sosialisasi dan penanaman bersama ini untuk memperoleh hasil produksi hutan serta melindungi kawasan hutan terutama pemukiman di sekitar lereng. Peningkatan pengetahuan ini tidak hanya dapat memanfaatkan hasil produksi hutan, melainkan sebagai tanaman yang dapat melindungi hutan.
OPTIMALISASI DAYA SAING USAHA MIEDES BU YANTI KABUPATEN BANTUL DI ERA KENORMALAN BARU
Authors: Rozaki Zuhud , Adhinandra Gerry , Novitasari Dyah Eka , Ningrum Nava Puspa , Angriani Anggi , Lestari Yuni , Akbar Leonardo , Riyadi Devanto
Published: July 2023

Dampak pandemi terhadap dunia usaha, termasuk usaha kuliner, dirasahakan oleh banyak pihak. Masyarakat menahan diri untuk tidak keluar rumah, ini pengunjung usaha kuliner menjadi berkurang drastis. Miedes Bu Yanti di Kabupaten Bantul menjadi salah satu usaha kuliner yang terdampak. Kegiatan pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk hal manajemen keuangan dan promosi lewat media sosial pada masa kenormalan baru setelah terdampak pandemi Covid-19. Metode yang digunakan adalah penyuluhan, pelatihan dan diseminasi teknologi kepada mitra. Hasil dari pengabdian ini adalah mitra mampu mengelola keuangannya dengan lebih baik, dan mampu mengoperasikan mesin kasir. Selain itu juga mampu membuat dan mempromosikan konten produk di media sosial khususnya Instagram. Dampak positif yang sudah nampak adalah follower yang meningkat drastis, hal ini bisa dimanfaatkan untuk media promosi dan membagi informasi penting lainnya.
MENINGKATKAN FUNGSI KOGNITIF ORANG DENGAN SKIZOFRENIA MELALUI REMIDIASI KOGNITIF
Authors: Puspitosari Warih Andan , Isnanda Reza Giga , Wardaningsih Shanti
Published: July 2023

Skizofrenia adalah gangguan jiwa berat yang brdampak pada penurunan fungsi kognitif.  Sebanyak 40%-60% ODS mengalami gangguan kognitif berupa gangguan perhatian, memori, dan fungsi eksekutif, yang berhubungan dengan konsekuensi psikososial. Remidiasi kognitif adalah salah satu bentuk rehabilitasi psikiatri pada ODS untuk memperbaiki fungsi kognitif dan membantu ODS dalam  reintegrasi komunitas lebih baik. Berdasar latar belakang tersebut, maka tim pengabdian bermitra dengan Yayasan Lentera Harmoni Jiwa memberikan remidiasi kognitif bagi ODS menggunakan program komputer. Tujuan program ini adalah melakukan upaya remidiasi kognitif untuk meningkatkan fungsi kognitif ODS.  

Yayasan Lentera Harmoni Jiwa merupakan lembaga sosial masyarakat yang bergerak di bidang kesehatan jiwa di Kabupaten Bantul. Berbagai program rehabilitasi telah dilaksanakan Yayasan, namun remidiasi kognitif belum pernah dilaksanakan, sehingga Yayasan sangat membutuhkan pendampingan dari tim pengabdian masyarakat. Tim memiliki keahlian di bidang kesehatan jiwa dan Teknologi Informasi.

Pelaksanaan program adalah 3 bulan dengan menggunakan pengembangan aplikasi remidiasi kognitif dengan menggunakan komputer yang disusun Herdaeta (2015). Peserta adalah 8 ODS, berusia 18-50 tahun, kondisi klinis stabil, minum obat rutin, bersedia mengikuti program. Kegiatan dilaksanakan 2 kali seminggu, selama 30 menit, sebanyak 10 sesi. Sesi 1-4: atensi memori, sesi 5-8: memori eksekutif dan sesi 7-8:  penerapan dalam aktivitas keseharian. Pendamping kegiatan adalah pengurus Yayasan sebanyak 2 orang yang telah dilatih oleh tim pengabdian. Fungsi kognitif ODS dinilai dengan menggunakan SCORS di awal dan di akhir program. ODS mengalami peningkatan fungsi kognitif setelah mengikuti program. Kegiatan ini akan tetap dilanjutkankan oleh pendamping dari Yayasan setelah kegiatan pengabdian selesai, sehingga berkesinambungan dan menjangkau lebih banyak ODS di komunitas.
Image Processing on Agricultural Dataset Using Parallel Processing Based on Python
Authors: Dharma Adhinata Faisal
Published: July 2023

Parallel processing divides data to be processed in each core on the CPU. One programming language that is widely used for machine learning applications and can accommodate the use of parallel processing is Python. Multiprocessing, mpi4py and CuPy are examples of Python libraries that can process data in parallel. In this research, we will compare the use of these libraries to process huge amounts of data. This research takes agricultural data for data image enhancement through color conversion from RGB to grayscale. The results showed that multiprocessing, mpi4py, and CuPy can increase the image enhancement speed three times faster than its singlecore execution. Then, using a combination of multiprocessing with CuPy, a 1.7 times performance improvement is achieved compared with multiprocessing-only. Also, using a combination of mpi4py with CuPy achieved 2.5 times performance improvement compared to mpi4py-only.
Crítica de arte en publicaciones periódicas argentinas
Authors: Ángel Hitz Rubén
Published: July 2023

Si indagamos en la crítica argentina de los últimos sesenta años, y quizá antes también, daremos cuenta, a través del análisis de ciertos mecanismos retóricos, de cómo el uso de la ironía, de juicios de valor positivos, de juicios de valor negativos, atenuaciones, anécdotas, citas y testimonios revelan formas interpretativas de la crítica del arte. La indagación en ese sentido dará la posibilidad de caracterizar las distintas estrategias argumentativas que se utilizaron y que dan lugar a diferentes posturas enunciativas, las cuales se podrían enumerar como discurso crítico, discurso laudatorio, discurso distanciador y discurso pedagógico, difundidas en la prensa y en revistas especializadas.
Analisis Usahatani Padi Sawah (Oryza sativa. L) Sistem Tanam Benih Langsung (TABELA)
Authors: Nooyo Irwan , Nasrul Muhammad
Published: July 2023

Usaha tani padi sawah dengan sistem (Tabela) tanam benih langsung sudah mulai banyak dikembangkan oleh petani saat ini, termasuk di Desa Buntulia Utara Kecamatan Buntulia Kabupaten Pohuwato. Tujuan penelitian ini (1) Untuk mengetahui tingkat pendapatan padi sawah dengan sistem (Tabela) tanam benih langsung di Desa Buntulia Utara Kecamatan Buntulia Kabupaten Pohuwato, (2) Untuk mengetahui tingkat kelayakan usaha tani padi sawah dengan sistem (Tabela) tanam benih langsung  di Desa Buntulia Utara Kecamatan Buntulia Kabupaten Pohuwato (3) Untuk mengetahui BEP produksi, harga, penerimaan usaha tani padi sawah dengan sistem (Tabela) tanam benih langsung  di Desa Buntulia Utara Kecamatan Buntulia Kabupaten Pohuwato. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode survey, pengambilan data dilakukan dengan wawancara langsung dengan petani, jumlah populasi sebanyak 35 orang. Hasil penelitian (1) Pendapatan rata-rata usaha tani padi sawah dengan sistem Tabela tanam benih langsung di Desa Buntulia Utara Kabupaten Pohuwato dalam satu musim tanam sebesar Rp 14.918.919,00. (2) Usaha tani padi sawah dengan sistem Tabela tanam benih langsung di Desa Buntulia Utara Kabupaten Pohuwato layak untuk dijalankan dikembangkan dengan nilai R/C ratio 6,65 > 1. (3) Usaha tani padi sawah dengan sistem (Tabela) tanam benih langsung di Desa Buntulia Utara Kabupaten Pohuwato mengalami break even tidak untung dan tidak rugi jika produksi yang dihasilkan 144 kg, harga jual Rp 654,00 dan penerimaan Rp 116.792,00.
Upaya Pembentukan Palestinian Unity Government
Authors: Abdullah Abdullah , Fahirdan Mohammad Ihza
Published: July 2023

This article discusses the long efforts of reconciliation in Palestine between Hamas and Fatah that have been going on for the last decade but have not yet achieved the expected results. The agreed-upon agreements become formalities that stop at the negotiation stage, not yet at the implementation stage. This research focuses on efforts to form a Palestinian Unity Government after the 2017 Cairo Agreement during the 2017-2020 period. The concept used in the analysis is the concept of transitional justice, which is closely related to the issue of human rights. This study uses a descriptive-analytic method to examine variables relevant to the research objectives. The results of this study indicate that among the obstacles to establishing a Palestinian Unity Government is the incomplete accountability for human rights violations committed by the two groups against each other, the existence of mutual distrust of one another, and the exclusion of other factions from the reconciliation efforts.
Normalisasi Hubungan Uni Emirat Arab-Israel dan Dampaknya Terhadap Palestina
Authors: Billah Baedt Giri Mukhoddam , Hakim Moh. Junaidi Mohtar , Bahruddin Uril
Published: July 2023

Normalizing relations between the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and Israel is a new history for the Arab World-Israel connection. The normalization agreement, the Abraham Accord, occurred in 2020 with the mediator of the President of the United States, Donald Trump. This study aims to map the forms of normalization of the UAE-Israel, the factors that support normalization, and their impact on Palestine. This study uses a qualitative method by coding and analyzing online news using various related literature. This study's results show three forms of normalization between the UAE and Israel: diplomatic by opening embassies and visa exemptions, tourism, and trade-economic; two factors driving normalization, namely economic and ideological factors. The impact of normalization for Palestine is to further weaken the solidarity of the Arab world in helping Palestine achieve independence from Israeli occupation
Krisis Pendidikan di Palestina Tahun 2022
Authors: Rohmatika Idha Ismalia
Published: July 2023

Education is a mean of empowerment for a nation, and the Palestinian nation is no exception. However, since the beginning of colonization in 1948 until today, Palestinian nation has experienced a crisis in education, and the main victims are children. One of the international organizations working to help children victims of conflicts and disasters worldwide is UNICEF (United Nations Children's Fund). In this article, the author analyzes the role of UNICEF in resolving the Palestinian education crisis using a postcolonialism approach, specifically Spivak's subaltern concept. The findings of this research are that UNICEF -as a party that voices subalterns- tends to bring their narratives and interests so that the programs they implement align with these interests. As a result, the educational crisis in Palestine continues to occur along with the ongoing occupation of the nation.
Pemikiran Geopolitik Islamic State of Irak and Syria (ISIS)
Authors: Wibowo Prihandono , Hapsari Renitha Dwi , Ascha Muchammad Chasif
Published: July 2023

Geopolitical studies developed significantly. While classical geopolitical studies focus on interactions between countries in controlling areas considered strategic, contemporary geopolitical studies open up studies on how non-state actors also embrace geopolitical thinking. Contemporary geopolitical studies include the use of geopolitical elements by terrorist groups. Regarding actual developments, ISIS is different from other terrorist groups. ISIS proclaimed itself as a caliphate, controled a large territory, and acted like a state. In the 2013-2017 era, before finally being defeated by the Iraqi and Syrian militaries and their coalitions, ISIS controlled strategic areas, including several cities in Iraq and Suriah. This study aims to understand the construction of geopolitical thinking developed by ISIS. The method uses in this study is a qualitative method by analyzing various documents published by ISIS
Analisis Kebijakan Luar Negeri Amerika Serikat Pada Demokratisasi Irak Melalui Program USAID 2021
Authors: Mahfud Fanessa Syailirrahmah , Rezasyah Teuku
Published: July 2023

Since 2003, the United States has focused its foreign policy on Iraq to democratize and create peace. However, until 2021, Iraq has yet to become a democratic country and remains a conflict-ridden region. In an effort to democratize Iraq, US provides assistance to the country, through the United States Agency for International Development (USAID). The findings of this research indicate that the US government's agenda in Iraq has experienced failures, evident, for example, in the 2021 general elections where Iraq still faced a political crisis and numerous human rights violations. Additionally, corruption and armed conflicts continue to occur in Iraq. It can be concluded that Iraq has not yet become a democratic country. It was found that the reasons behind this situation include human rights abuses and coercion by the United States itself in its efforts to spread liberal democracy.
Knowledge and Values: The Importance of Personal Social Responsibility for Education, Management, and Sustainable Development
Authors: Żak Agnieszka , Sedlak Piotr , Sady Monika
Published: July 2023

Social responsibility is a multidimensional construct which manifests itself in many areas of human life – in both the private and professional spheres. In business, people’s individual attitudes are often the starting point for organizational activities. Even the most ethical business behavior, if not matched by changes on the part of individuals, will not create a change on a larger scale. Thus, personal social responsibility can be defined as a key element of corporate social responsibility (CSR), because the implementation of this idea in business depends on the behavior of the individuals working in the company.

The main purpose of the article is to investigate published knowledge concerning the concept of personal or individual social responsibility (PSR or ISR) and the personal or individual social responsibility scale. The authors made a systematic literature review, analyzing full-text scholarly articles published between 2000 and 2021. International databases and journal libraries – EBSCO, JSTOR, Mendeley, Wiley Online Library, Web of Science, and Scopus – were searched using the logical phrases “personal social responsibility,” “individual social responsibility,” “personal social responsibility scale,” and “individual social responsibility scale.”

The analysis shows that the concept of individual/personal social responsibility is considered in the literature in various contexts, though few works are available on this concept and even fewer describe its indicators. Using keywords relevant to the area, 14 publications were selected for analysis. This leads to the conclusion that there is a research gap in this area, which the authors intend to fill in the course of further research.
Needs and Difficulties of Future Teachers in Dealing with Aggression and Violence in Real and Virtual Spaces
Authors: Kwiatkowska Wioletta
Published: July 2023

This study investigates the opinions of future teachers regarding needs and expectations when dealing with aggression and violence in real and virtual spaces, in the context of their personal experiences and future professional work. Some teachers avoid involving themselves in difficult, ‘violent’ situations that for various reasons require their intervention. Therefore, it is essential for teachers to have appropriate competencies to address these issues. The study used the diagnostic survey method. Over two years, a survey was conducted among 167 university students of teacher training and pedagogical faculties of a Polish university. The participants indicated their experiences of aggression and violence and evaluated their knowledge on the subject and the difficulties and benefits. A thorough statistical analysis of the research material reveals that those who declared a willingness to participate in the course and to learn effective action against aggression and violence had previously experienced such behaviour themselves. Furthermore, those respondents showed more interest in acquiring skills to deal with conflict situations and knowledge of how to resolve them because of their future work in the profession, their willingness to help others and their awareness of these risks. The study also recommends actions to reduce this phenomenon.
Improvisation at Rhetoric Workshops as a Way of Teaching Communication Skills
Authors: Budzyńska-Daca Agnieszka , Łukowska Aleksandra
Published: July 2023

The paper describes an educational project on teaching rhetoric at the university level as part of practical rhetoric workshops. What makes this didactic proposal innovative and unique is the incorporation of improvisation tools in rhetoric classes. The aim of the article is to demonstrate how techniques from contemporary improvisational theatre help students improve their communication skills. The article begins with a brief overview of rhetorical education at Polish universities and a description of basic rhetorical competences related to the creation and analysis of texts. An introduction to improvisational theatre and the specifics of improvisation workshops are presented. Then, a proposal is made to combine these different approaches to the development of communicative competences in a series of workshops. Two exercises are presented, representative of the entire workshop series and devoted to the categories of ethos and narration. The benefits of using this method are discussed by showing the learning outcomes as a specific connection between communicative competences and the mechanisms of understanding rhetorical categories.
Self-Determination in Maths Education: How to Strengthen Students’ Positive Attitude to Mathematics and Develop Their Emotional/Social Competences
Authors: Knopik Tomasz , Oszwa Urszula
Published: July 2023

The aim of this study was to verify the effectiveness of the self-determination theory (SDT) in mathematics teaching methodology. In the experimental group, 62 fifth-graders had 10 months of maths lessons according to an original programme that prioritises three needs: autonomy, competence and relatedness.

The following research questions were formulated:

How did students’ attitudes towards mathematics change under the influence of methodological interventions aimed at satisfying the three SDT needs?

Did the methodological solutions contribute to better emotional/social competences in the students?

Did the intervention result in higher maths achievement, measured by a maths knowledge and skills test and grades in the subject?

The findings included statistically significant differences in 1) positive attitude towards mathematics (measured by the semantic differential technique), 2) emotional/social competences (measured by the KA scale from the tool called TROS-KA) and 3) mathematical achievements (measured by a maths test and grades in school) in comparison to the control group (N = 59), where less positive attitudes towards mathematics, lower maths grades and no significant increase in emotional/social competences were observed.
Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) in European Higher Education
Authors: Papaja Katarzyna
Published: July 2023

The following article discusses Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) in European higher education, which has become popular in recent years due to the status of English as a foreign language. Firstly, the difference between CLIL and English Medium Instruction (EMI) is explained, then CLIL modules in higher education are presented. Furthermore, CLIL special pedagogy in higher education is described. The subsequent section is devoted to the benefits and challenges of CLIL in higher education as listed in the literature; finally, insight into research on language in the CLIL higher education context is addressed. The data presented in the article is based on an in-depth literature review and research conducted in higher education institutions in Europe. The findings show that even though CLIL has become a popular approach in higher education in recent years, adapting this concept has been a great challenge due to the very little preparation, proper methodological training and complex linguistic learning situations.
Educational Potential of the Child’s Out-of-School Experiences in the Opinion of Early Education Teachers
Authors: Kochanowska Ewa
Published: July 2023

In this article, on the basis of research based on a qualitative strategy, an attempt was made to reconstruct the beliefs of early education teachers about children's out-of-school experiences and the need / possibility of using them in the practice of early childhood education. Teachers' ways of thinking about the features of children's out-of-school experiences and their value in the learning process at school are outlined. Getting to know the conceptualization of the studied area generated in the minds of teachers is very important due to their relationship with school practice, and more specifically with the design by teachers of didactic and educational situations aimed at integrating children's out-of-school experiences with the knowledge and experiences that are the subject of knowledge at school.The experiences gained in the extremely complex and dynamic contemporary space of a child's life are an important source of their knowledge and the basis of learning. The analysis of the collected statements of early childhood education teachers during individual open interviews with them allowed to identify the constitutive features of out-of-school experiences of children. Although teachers are aware of the continuity, multiplicity, transformation as well as the integrity and processuality of children's out-of-school experiences, in their statements they express caution in using them in educational activities at school due to their "imperfection". First of all, the teachers' way of thinking about the role of out-of-school experiences in the education of a child and, consequently, of school practice, requires changes.
The Importance of Feedback in Improving Students’ Writing Skills with the Assistance of New Technologies
Authors: Szlachta Barbara , Polok Krzysztof , Bieńkowska Izabela
Published: July 2023

Feedback is a crucial element of the learning and teaching cycle. Constructive feedback is central to high school students’ learning. However, the effectiveness and efficiency of feedback provided through new technologies are relatively under-researched. Some examples of innovative approaches to delivering feedback to EFL learners include individualized audio-visual feedback using screencasting technology and feedback interviews with internet communication tools, such as messaging apps and social media platforms. This study examines how individual feedback provided via different modalities influences the learners’ writing skills. It also offers insight into whether learners wish to be decide on the type of feedback they receive on formative assignments during their writing training. Students’ writing samples were analyzed and student survey data was used to interpret the students’ perceptions. Overall, the students had a positive attitude toward using different technology-based tools to provide and receive feedback. Our findings suggest that the majority of students benefit from feedback given with the use of certain modalities. The results indicate that technology could be integrated into teaching practices to support students’ writing, engage them in writing tasks, and improve interactions between learners and feedback givers.
Climate Education in Kindergarten
Authors: Klim-Klimaszewska Anna , Wieruszewska-Duraj Sabina
Published: July 2023

Climate change is one of the biggest challenges of our times, as it affects the way societies and economies around the world operate: from dangerous weather anomalies, through a drop in crop production, to an escalation of international conflicts. Moreover, the consequences of climate change pose a risk to many areas of life. Therefore, actions ought to be taken to limit it. For these actions to be effective, climate change education must start as early as kindergarten. The subject of the research presented in the article is the implementation of climate education in kindergartens in the Masovian Voivodeship, Poland. The objective of the study is to determine the level of knowledge among six-year-old children about climate, climate change, the related risks, actions that can be taken to prevent climate change, and whether and how the children’s teachers cover topics related to climate change. The study consisted of diagnosing children’s knowledge about climate and climate change and verifying preschool teachers’ class register records and monthly work plans regarding climate change education. The analysis regarding children’s awareness of climate and climate change demonstrates that they could not support their knowledge with concrete examples. It indicates a superficial environmental education targeted at the adoption of positive attitudes towards nature among children. The study reveals that despite some preschool teachers introducing climate education to their classes, in the majority of classrooms, climate-related issues are rarely discussed. The research demonstrates that preschool teachers are unaware of the fact that the present generation of preschool children will have an impact on the future of our planet. Therefore, it should be recommended that teachers promote the principles of sustainable development and foster an awareness of the effect of human activity on our environment and climate change.
Level of Covid-19-Related Threats and Stress in Students in the Context of Their Personality Traits: Support Expected and Help Received
Authors: Godawa Grzegorz , Gurba Ewa , Kutek-Sładek Katarzyna
Published: July 2023

University studies during the COVID-19 pandemic are conditioned by many factors that evoke a sense of danger and stress. The purpose of the study was to investigate the situations during the COVID-19 pandemic perceived by students as threatening and to determine the relevance of students’ personality traits in their assessments of the threats and severity of stress associated with the COVID-19 pandemic. Another aim of the research was to identify from whom they most frequently expect help in such situations. The following research problems were formulated. 1. Which situations related to the COVID-19 pandemic are rated most and least threatening by students? 2. Which personality traits described in the ‘Big Five’ theory (McCrae & Costa, 1987) protect students from experiencing grave threats and from experiencing higher stress in the COVID-19 pandemic? 3. What sources of support are received by students and offered by the University?

The study involved 149 first-year students of the Pontifical University of John Paul II in Krakow.  The survey was conducted in February 2021. The following research tools were used in the study: a short questionnaire for measuring the Big Five personality traits (IPIP-BFM-20), the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) and the Questionnaire on Types of COVID-19-Related Threats (TCT).

The results of the study showed the importance of: 1. selected personality traits, such as emotional stability, extroversion and conscientiousness, for students’ assessment of the threat to the individual, and protection against the severity of stress experienced; 2. social support that young people receive from their loved ones, including mainly mothers and friends, and 3. support provided by the University.
Optimalisasi Perpustakaan dan Penguatan Literasi bagi Siswa SMA Muhammadiyah 2 Palangka Raya
Authors: Oktaviani Kusrini , Yulianingsih Nanik , Wahdah Nurul , Siminto Siminto , Widiastuty Hesty
Published: July 2023

Covid-19 yang melanda seluruh dunia mneyebabkan perubahan yang cukup besar. Perpustakaan SMA Muhammadiyah 2 Palangka Raya yang tidak dirawat akibat Work from Home membuat perpustakaan menjadi kumuh. Buku banyak yang rusak dan tak layak baca karena dimakan rayap. Beberapa sarana juga rusak, salah satunya adalah rak buku yang rapuh. Penulis melakukan pengabdian ini dengan tujuan meremajakan perpustakaan dan penguatan literasi sekolah. Metode yang digunakan dalam pengabdian ini adalah Case Based Reasoning dengan melakukan empat tahap a) pendeskripsian, b) mencari perbedaan masalah sebelumnya dan masalah sekarang, c) evaluasi masalah sebelumnya, dan  d) penerapan solusi. Hasil dari peremajaan perpustakaan ini diantaranya, perpustakaan menjadi lebih rapi, terarah, dan tumbuhnya minat siswa mengunjungi perpustakaan untuk membaca, mengerjakan tugas, dsb. Penguatan literasi sekolah dilakukan dengan sosialisasi. Sasaran sosialisasi ini adalah IPM SMA Muhammadiyah 2 Palangka Raya yang selanjutnya menjadi kader Gerakan Literasi Sekolah (GLS).
Peningkatan Keterampilan Administrasi Perkantoran Dasar bagi Lulusan Sekolah Menengah Atas
Authors: Af'idah Irma Nur , Aksa Ahmad Habiburrohman , Nuraini Latifah
Published: July 2023

Pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan bekal dan wawasan dalam ilmu administrasi secara dasar agar pemuda-pemuda yang ada di Desa Jugo Kecamatan Donorojo lulusan SMA/SMK/MA yang tidak melanjutkan pendidikan ke perguruan tinggi  dalam berkomunikasi dan menerima tamu. Metode pelaksanaan dalam pengabdian ini adalah melakukan observasi, menentukan sasaran dan target pengabdian, melakukan sosialisasi, melaksanakan pelatihan administrasi perkantoran dasar, serta melakukan tindak lanjut dan evaluasi. Sasaran dalam pengabdian ini adalah lulusan SMA/SMK/MA yang tidak melanjutkan pendidikan ke perguruan tinggi. Hasil dalam pengabdian ini yakni (1) materi yang diberikan dalam melatihan mencakup bagaimana bertelepon dan menerima tamu dengan baik sesuai dengan standar perkantoran, dan (2) 70% peserta pelatihan mendapatkan pengetahuan barut erkait dengan ilmu yang telah diberikan dan dapat membekali mereka dalam kehidupan sehari-hari maupun dunia kerja. Evaluasi dilakukan dengan menggunakan wawancara dan angket. Adapun keberlanjutan dalam kegiatan ini dilakukan monitoring oleh pengabdi untuk menentukan pelatihan lanjutan yang tepat untuk dilakukan sehingga memperoleh hasil dan manfaat dalam pengabdian.
Kampung Sehat Ramah Anak; Peningkatan Hidup Bersih dan Sehat di Desa Sumberrejo
Authors: Nisfah Nia Lailin , Putri Farah Kamelia Ali , Nashiruddin Ahmad
Published: July 2023

Kampung sehat ramah anak adalah kampung yang penduduknya dalam hal ini kader PKK, posyandu, dan keluarga memiliki kemauan dan kemampuan untuk mencegah dan mengatasi masalah-masalah kesehatan dalam rangka menjamin dan memenuhi hak-hak anak. Di Desa Sumberrejo Kecamatan Donorojo Kabupaten Jepara masih terdapat warga yang belum memiliki kesadaran hidup bersih dan sehat.. Berdasarkan hasil survei dan wawancara permasalahan mitra diantaranya belum adanya gugus tugas desa ramah anak, kualitas pelayanan posyandu masih kurang, belum tersedianya tempat sampah yang memenuhi standar ramah anak, pos PAUD belum sesuai standar nasional pendidikan, sarana bermain belum sesuai standar, dan keterlibatan orangtua dalam mendukung kampung sehat ramah anak masih rendah. Pengabdian ini menggunakan metode sosialisasi, pelatihan, parenting, dan pendampingan. Solusi yang ditawarkan yaitu memfasilitasi pembentukan gugus tugas desa ramah anak di tingkat desa, meningkatkan kualitas posyandu melalui pelatihan pada kader posyandu, memberikan sosialisasi PHBS dan menyediakan tempat sampah ramah anak, memberikan pelatihan penyelenggaraan Pos PAUD sesuai 8 standar PAUD, memfasilitasi sarana bermain di Pos PAUD sesuai standar pelayanan minimal sarana PAUD, dan melakukan Parenting tentang Kampung sehat ramah anak pada orangtua di Pos PAUD.
Gerakan Mengajar yang Membahagiakan melalui Safari Inspirasi di SDN Patuk 2 Gunungkidul
Authors: Adib M. Afiqul
Published: July 2023

Permasalahan pendidikan di Indonesia amat kompleks. Salah satunya adalah kurangnya literasi dan pembelajaran yang kurang membahagiakan. Untuk menghadapi permasalahan tersebut, perlu bantuan semua kalangan. Termasuk akademisi atau mahasiswa yang merupakan kaum intelektual. Mahasiswa UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang, jurusan PAI Angkatan 2015 berinisiasi membuat sebuah gerakan yang bertujuan memberikan dampak pada pendidikan. Kegiatan ini dinamai Safari Inspirasi, yakni gerakan sehari memberi inspirasi kepada anak setingkat sekolah dasar dan berfokus pada pembelajaran yang menyenangkan, pemberian motivasi, penguatan literasi dan pentingnya mempunyai cita-cita. Metode yang digunakan adalah PLA (Participatory Learning and Action). Kegiatan ini dilakukan di SDN Patuk 2, Gunungkidul. Gerakan ini hampir sama dengan Merdeka Belajar yang punya tujuan agar mahasiswa mendapat kesempatan untuk mengasah kemampuan interpersonal sekaligus mendapatkan pengalaman mengajar.
Perlis Cinta Lingkungan; Program Peningkatan Ekonomi Masyarakat dan Kualitas Lingkungan Desa Perlis
Authors: Rohim Abdur , Putranto Nurseno Dwi
Published: July 2023

Program Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat ini merupakan implementasi CSR dari Pertamina EP Pangkalan Susu Field. Perusahaan ini merupakan salah satu anak perusahaan PT Pertamina (Persero) yang bergerak dalam bidang eksplorasi minyak dan gas konsisten melaksanakan program tanggung jawab sosial dan lingkungan sebagai komitmen perusahaan dalam pemberdayaan masyarakat. Melalui program Perlis Cinta Lingkungan bertujuan mengelola sampah anorganik berupa sampah plastik dan organik untuk mewujudkan Desa Perlis Bersih dan Sejahtera. Metode PkM menggunakan PLA (Participatory Learning and Action). Kegiatan ini memiliki dampak pada meningkatkan pendapatan masyarakat, meminimalisir pencemaran sampah dan  terciptanya suatu produk olahan dari sampah plastik