bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lena Delta hydrology and geochemistry: long-term hydrological data and recent field observations
Authors: Fedorova I. , Chetverova A. , Bolshiyanov D. , Makarov A. , Boike J. , Heim B. , Morgenstern A. , Overduin P. P. , Wegner C. , Kashina V. , Eulenburg A. , Dobrotina E. , Sidorina I.
Published: January 2015

Abstract. The Lena River forms one of the largest deltas in the Arctic. We compare two sets of data to reveal new insights into the hydrological, hydrochemical, and geochemical processes within the delta: (i) long-term hydrometric observations at the Khabarova station at the head of the delta from 1951 to 2005; (ii) field hydrological and geochemical observations carried out within the delta since 2002. Periods with differing relative discharge and intensity of fluvial processes were identified from the long-term record of water and sediment discharge. Ice events during spring melt (high water) reconfigured branch channels and probably influenced sediment transport within the delta. Based on summer field measurements during 2005–2012 of discharge and sediment fluxes along main delta channels, both are increased between the apex and the front of the delta. This increase is to a great extent connected with an additional influx of water from tributaries, as well as an increase of suspended and dissolved material released from the ice complex. Summer concentrations of major ion and biogenic substances along the delta branches are partly explained by water sources within the delta, such as thawing ice complex waters, small Lena River branches and estuarine areas.
Tree ring effects and ice core acidities clarify the volcanic record of the first millennium
Authors: Baillie M. G. L. , McAneney J.
Published: January 2015

Abstract. In 2012 Plummer et al., in presenting the volcanic chronology of the Antarctic Law Dome ice core, chose to list connections to acid layers in other ice cores and also possible chronological coincidences between ice acid dates and the precise dates of frost damage, and/or reduced growth in North American bristlecone pines. We disagree with the chronological links indicated by Plummer et al. for the period before AD 700, and in this paper we show that a case can be made that better linkages between ice acid and tree ring effects occur for this period if the ice chronologies are systematically moved forward by around 7 years, consistent with a hypothesis published by Baillie in 2008. In the paper we seek to explore the proposition that frost damage rings in North American bristlecone pines are a very useful indicator of the dates of certain large explosive volcanic eruptions; the dating of major eruptions being critical for any clear understanding of volcanic forcing. This paper cannot prove that there is an error in the Greenland Ice Core Chronology 2005 (GICC05), and in equivalent ice chronologies from the Antarctic, however, it does provide a coherent argument for an apparent ice dating offset. If the suggested offset were to prove correct it would be necessary to locate where the error occurs in the ice chronologies and in this regard the dating of the increasingly controversial Icelandic Eldgjá eruption in the AD 930s, and the China/Korean Millennium eruption which occurs some 7 years after Eldgjá, may well be critical. In addition, if the offset were to be substantiated it would have implications for the alleged identification of tephra at 429.3 m in the Greenland GRIP core, currently attributed to the Italian volcano Vesuvius and used as a critical zero error point in the GICC05 chronology.
Modelling hyporheic processes for regulated rivers under transient hydrological and hydrogeological conditions
Authors: Siergieiev D. , Ehlert L. , Reimann T. , Lundberg A. , Liedl R.
Published: January 2015

Abstract. Understanding the effects of major hydrogeological controls on hyporheic exchange and bank storage is essential for river water management, groundwater abstraction, restoration and ecosystem sustainability. Analytical models cannot adequately represent complex settings with, for example, transient boundary conditions, varying geometry of surface water–groundwater interface, unsaturated and overland flow, etc. To understand the influence of parameters such as (1) sloping river banks, (2) varying hydraulic conductivity of the riverbed and (3) different river discharge wave scenarios on hyporheic exchange characteristics such as (a) bank storage, (b) return flows and (c) residence time, a 2-D hydrogeological conceptual model and, subsequently, an adequate numerical model were developed. The numerical model was calibrated against observations in the aquifer adjacent to the hydropower-regulated Lule River, northern Sweden, which has predominantly diurnal discharge fluctuations during summer and long-lasting discharge peaks during autumn and winter. Modelling results revealed that bank storage increased with river wave amplitude, wave duration and smaller slope of the river bank, while maximum exchange flux decreased with wave duration. When a homogeneous clogging layer covered the entire river–aquifer interface, hydraulic conductivity positively affected bank storage. The presence of a clogging layer with hydraulic conductivity < 0.001 m d−1 significantly reduced the exchange flows and virtually eliminated bank storage. The bank storage return/fill time ratio was positively related to wave amplitude and the hydraulic conductivity of the interface and negatively to wave duration and bank slope. Discharge oscillations with short duration and small amplitude decreased bank storage and, therefore, the hyporheic exchange, which has implications for solute fluxes, redox conditions and the potential of riverbeds as fish-spawning locations. Based on these results, river regulation strategies can be improved by considering the effect of certain wave event configurations on hyporheic exchange to ensure harmonious hydrogeochemical functioning of the river–aquifer interfaces and related ecosystems.
Satellite radar altimetry for monitoring small rivers and lakes in Indonesia
Authors: Sulistioadi Y. B. , Tseng K.-H. , Shum C. K. , Hidayat H. , Sumaryono M. , Suhardiman A. , Setiawan F. , Sunarso S.
Published: January 2015

Abstract. Remote sensing and satellite geodetic observations are capable of hydrologic monitoring of freshwater resources. Although satellite radar altimetry has been used in monitoring water level or discharge, its use is often limited to monitoring large rivers (>1 km) with longer interval periods (>1 week) because of its low temporal and spatial resolutions (i.e., satellite revisit period). Several studies have reported successful retrieval of water levels for small rivers as narrow as 40 m. However, processing current satellite altimetry signals for such small water bodies to retrieve water levels accurately remains challenging. Physically, the radar signal returned by water bodies smaller than the satellite footprint is most likely contaminated by non-water surfaces, which may degrade the measurement quality. In order to address this scientific challenge, we carefully selected the waveform shapes corresponding to the range measurement resulting from standard retrackers for the European Space Agency's (ESA's) Envisat (Environmental Satellite) radar altimetry. We applied this approach to small (40–200 m in width) and medium-sized (200–800 m in width) rivers and small lakes (extent <1000 km2) in the humid tropics of Southeast Asia, specifically in Indonesia. This is the first study that explored the ability of satellite altimetry to monitor small water bodies in Indonesia. The major challenges in this study include the size of the water bodies that are much smaller than the nominal extent of the Envisat satellite footprint (e.g., ~250 m compared to ~1.7 km, respectively) and slightly smaller than the along-track distance (i.e., ~370 m). We addressed this challenge by optimally using geospatial information and optical remote sensing data to define the water bodies accurately, thus minimizing the probability of non-water contamination in the altimetry measurement. Considering that satellite altimetry processing may vary with different geographical regions, meteorological conditions, or hydrologic dynamic, we further evaluated the performance of all four Envisat standard retracking procedures. We found that satellite altimetry provided a good alternative or the only means in some regions of measuring the water level of medium-sized rivers and small lakes with high accuracy (root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.21–0.69 m and a correlation coefficient of 0.94–0.97). In contrast to previous studies, we found that the commonly used Ice-1 retracking algorithm was not necessarily the best retracker among the four standard waveform retracking algorithms for Envisat radar altimetry observing inland water bodies. As a recommendation, we propose to include the identification and selection of standard waveform shapes to complete the use of standard waveform retracking algorithms for Envisat radar altimetry data over small and medium-sized rivers and small lakes.
Levee reliability analyses for various flood return periods – a case study in Southern Taiwan
Authors: Huang W.-C. , Yu H.-W. , Weng M.-C.
Published: January 2015

Abstract. In recent years, heavy rainfall conditions have caused damages around the world. To prevent damages by floods, levees have often been constructed in prone-to-inundation areas. This study performed reliability analyses for the Chiuliao 1st Levee located in southern Taiwan. The failure-related parameters were the water level, the scouring depth, and the in-situ friction angle. Three major failure mechanisms were considered, including the slope sliding failure of the levee, and the sliding and overturning failures of the retaining wall. When the variabilities of the in-situ friction angle and the scouring depth are considered for various flood return periods, the variations of the factor of safety (FS) for the different failure mechanisms show that the retaining wall sliding and overturning failures are more sensitive to the variability of the friction angle. When the flood return period is greater than 2 years, the levee can undergo slope sliding failure for all values of the water level difference. The results for levee stability analysis considering the variability of different parameters could assist engineers in designing the levee cross sections, especially with potential failure mechanisms in mind.
Validación de instrumento de medición de cuidados según dependencia y riesgo en pacientes en terapia de hemodiálisis crónica
Authors: Arechabala Mantuliz María Cecilia , Barrios Araya Silvia Cristina , Catoni Salamanca María Isabel , Palma Castro Eugenia Eliana , Ibacache Celedon Yolanda , Richards Joanna Andrea
Published: January 2015

Los instrumentos de categorización de pacientes son útiles porque permiten asignar los profesionales y recursos materiales de acuerdo con el perfil real de los pacientes. El objetivo del presente estudio es adecuar y validar el instrumento “Categorización de usuarios según dependencia y riesgo de cuidados” (CUDYR) en hemodiálisis crónica (HDC). El instrumento para pacientes en HDC se denominó “CUDYR-DIAL” y quedó constituido por dos subescalas y catorce ítems. La muestra estuvo conformada por 150 pacientes seleccionados en forma estratificada y al azar de cinco unidades de diálisis, a los que se les aplicó un total de 620 veces el CUDYR-DIAL. Se encontró que todos los ítems muestran correlaciones significativas (> 0,3) con el puntaje total obtenido en la escala, y que la confiabilidad de la escala se mantiene estable al ir eliminando uno a uno los ítems, fluctuando entre 0,86 y 0,87. La confiabilidad total del instrumento muestra un alfa de Cronbach de 0,878. Los usuarios en HDC presentan cuatro perfiles de dependencia (parcial a total) y riesgo (mediano a alto). Se concluye que el instrumento CUDYR-DIAL presenta una buena confiabilidad y constituye un aporte para la categorización de pacientes en HDC según dependencia y riesgo.
Efectividad de un plan de apoyo a cuidadores en dos hospitales públicos de Granada (España)
Authors: Gorlat-Sánchez Berta , García-Caro María Paz , Peinado-Gorlat Patricia , Campos-Calderón Concepción , Mejías-Martín Yolanda , Cruz-Quintana Francisco
Published: January 2015

Objetivo: dos hospitales granadinos realizan una experiencia pionera implementando medidas de apoyo innovadoras para personas cuidadoras. Transcurridos dos años desde su implantación se plantea: ¿Las medidas implementadas han logrado los beneficios esperados en personas cuidadoras en hospitalización? Para responder se realiza un estudio con el objetivo de evaluar la efectividad de las medidas de apoyo a personas cuidadoras incluyendo propuestas de mejora. Materiales y métodos: estudio cualitativo, interpretativo, basado en la Teoría Fundamentada. Se realizaron 45 entrevistas en profundidad a personas cuidadoras con distintos perfiles, en los hospitales Virgen de las Nieves y Baza. Se ha seguido como estrategia de análisis la comparación constante y la codificación abierta y axial. Se contó con el apoyo del software Atlas.ti®. Resultados: las personas cuidadoras valoran positivamente la mayoría de las medidas, destacando personalización, educación, hostelería y accesos prioritarios. La identificación de enfermera y auxiliar referentes no siempre ha funcionado bien. La utilización de zonas de descanso habilitadas ha sido escasa, debido principalmente a su ubicación. Conclusiones: las medidas implementadas han mejorado el bienestar y la autoestima de las personas cuidadoras durante la hospitalización. Aportan una evidencia que anima a extenderlas a otros hospitales y mejorar el trato y el apoyo a este colectivo.
Levels of Analysis in International Relations and Regional Security Complex Theory
Authors: Soltani Fakhreddin , Naji Saeid , Amiri Reza Ekhtiari
Published: January 2015

Levels of Analysis is related to the explaining of causes of phenomenon (Buzan, 1995). The coming to the fore of levels of analysis in international relations was the result of the behavioral movement during the 1950s that was attempting to apply methodology of natural sciences in social sciences. Before that, traditional approaches were dominant, and they were more oriented towards history and law. The works of Kenneth N. Waltz, Morton A. Kaplan, and J. David Singer have had major roles in bringing levels of analysis into international relations (Buzan, 1995). Since then, the works of Barry Buzan and Ole Wæver have added the level of regional analysis to International Relations studies. This article reviews the three main levels of analysis and also explains the regional level of analysis in international relations.
Gaining One's Definition
Authors: Floyd-Thomas Juan M.
Published: January 2015

Since his untimely death fifty years ago, there has been considerable cognitive dissonance surrounding Malcolm X in the collective consciousness. This tension is fueled by the way Malcolm X's life and legacy has been refracted through the prism of Christocentric analytic frameworks. A critical question is what corrective measures can be taken within Malcolm X studies to compensate for such methodological and theoretical biases and enable us to better understand his religious worldview within the context of his own complex subjectivity. This article explores three key areas of Malcolm X's life and legacy that are deeply significant for Christians and Christianity: the writing of The Autobiography of Malcolm X, the iconic use of Malcolm X's image, and Malcolm X's conversion to Sunni Islam following his pilgrimage to Mecca.
Shaheed-e Harlem
Authors: Rashid Hussein
Published: January 2015

Malcolm X continues to have an impact on numerous antiracist struggles in the world. A British South Asian diaspora musical group, Fun^Da^Mental (FDM), not only samples Malcolm X but seems to echo his transformation by looking at the particularity of its situation in relation to the universality of struggles against dominance and hegemony. FDM integrates Malcolm X's words with Muslim devotionals from South Asia, hip-hop, and electronic music to signify transnational and interethnic solidarity. Ultimately, FDM is not only antiracist but interested in crafting a new British identity.
“The Greatest Tool of the Devil”
Authors: Turman Eboni Marshall
Published: January 2015

This article endeavors to attend to the yoke of Afro-patriarchy, gender conflict, and faith in Black churches and in the pre-1975 Nation of Islam, challenging some recent arguments that disingenuously distinguish between patriarchy in Black churches and patriarchy in the Nation of Islam. The article examines the correlation between the gender politics of Malcolm X's early life and ministry and gender discrimination in Black churches, thereby suggesting continuity between Malik Shabazz's legacy and Black churches. Black nationalist liberation as promulgated by prophetic Black churches and the Nation of Islam generates a paradox, namely, that while they claim to employ justice-seeking methods on behalf of all Black people, they nevertheless embrace a white social construction of gender mythology that converts the justice-making impulse of Black nationalist liberation into death-dealing rhetoric and unjust ethical practices, especially as it relates to Black women.
God as li Non-Aliud:
Authors: Miller Clyde Lee
Published: January 2015

Nicholas reprises his thinking about God and creatures in his De li Non-Aliud (1461), a work that echoes his earlier writings with an original “name” for God. Part I of the article reviews the puzzling initial chapter of this dialogue. Part II explains how using the phrase “the Not-Other” (li Non-Aliud) to refer to God provides the dialectical basis for thinking the paradoxical relationship of the divine One to the created others. Part III takes up Nicholas's visual analogies that suggest how “not other” as a designation for God recalls some of his earlier ideas in The Vision of God/De visione Dei. Part IV makes Nicholas's reliance on Dionysius and Proclus explicit in pointing to a God “beyond being and intelligibility.” The whole dialogue thus explains how to frame God's oneness dialectically in order to do justice to the relation of infinite God and finite creatures.
Laying Siege to the Wall of Paradise:
Authors: Ziebart Meredith
Published: January 2015

One of the most significant and colorful events in late medieval mystical theology was the debate centering around the Benedictine monastery of Tegernsee in Bavaria, circa 1452–60, in which Carthusian Vincent of Aggsbach locked horns with cardinal-philosopher Nicholas of Cusa over the roles of love and knowledge in the process of mystical ascent. Vincent vehemently asserted the affective and fideistic mystical theology of Hugh of Balma against Nicholas's highly intellective and philosophical approach. Accounts usually depict Vincent as an embittered, lone defender of his cause and the Tegernsee brethren as wholehearted supporters of Nicholas's teachings. However, there was considerably more support for Vincent's view and rather less for Nicholas's than has generally been acknowledged, for reasons relating to church politics, theological reform, and the prevailing antischolastic mood of fifteenth-century Germany. This article reconsiders the reception of Cusa's mystical theology at Tegernsee in light of these intersecting issues.
The role of the kynurenine pathway of tryptophan metabolism in cardiovascular disease
Authors: Polyzos K. A. , Ketelhuth D. F. J.
Published: January 2015

Coronary heart disease and stroke, the deadliest forms of cardiovascular disease (CVD), are mainly caused by atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory disease of the artery wall driven by maladaptive immune responses in the vessel wall. Various risk factors for CVD influence this pathogenic process, including diabetes mellitus, hypertension, dyslipidaemia, and obesity. Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), an enzyme catalyzing the rate-limiting step in the kynurenine pathway of tryptophan degradation, is strongly induced by inflammation in several tissues, including the artery wall. An increasing body of evidence indicates that IDO promotes immune tolerance, decreases inflammation, and functions as a homeostatic mechanism against excessive immune reactions.

This review provides an overview of the emerging field of the kynurenine pathway of tryptophan degradation in CVD, emphasizing the role of IDO-mediated tryptophan metabolism and its metabolites in the modulation of ‘classical’ cardiovascular risk factors, such as hypertension, obesity, lipid metabolism, diabetes mellitus, and in the development of atherosclerotic CVD.
Precise Localization and Control of Catalytic Janus Micromotors Using Weak Magnetic Fields
Authors: Khalil Islam S. M. , Magdanz Veronika , Sanchez Samuel , Schmidt Oliver G. , Misra Sarthak
Published: January 2015

We experimentally demonstrate the precise localization of spherical Pt-Silica Janus micromotors (diameter 5 μm) under the influence of controlled magnetic fields. First, we control the motion of the Janus micromotors in two-dimensional (2D) space. The control system achieves precise localization within an average region-of-convergence of 7 μm. Second, we show that these micromotors provide sufficient propulsion force, allowing them to overcome drag and gravitational forces and move both downwards and upwards. This propulsion is studied by moving the micromotors in three-dimensional (3D) space. The micromotors move downwards and upwards at average speeds of 19.1 μm/s and 9.8 μm/s, respectively. Moreover, our closed-loop control system achieves localization in 3D space within an average region-of-convergence of 6.3 μm in diameter. The precise motion control and localization of the Janus micromotors in 2D and 3D spaces provides broad possibilities for nanotechnology applications.
A Pre-Compensation Fuzzy Logic Algorithm Designed for the Dynamic Compensation Robotic System
Authors: Huang Shouren , Yamakawa Yuji , Senoo Taku , Ishikawa Masatoshi
Published: January 2015

This paper deals with the issue of non-model-based position regulation for the dynamic compensation robotic system (DCRS), which has been proposed for cooperating with the existing main robotic systems, such as the common serial robotic arms, to accomplish high-speed and accurate manipulations. The dynamic compensation concept is realized by fusing a high-speed & light-weight compensation actuator as well as endpoint closed loop (ECL) configured high-speed cameras. Within the context of the DCRS, the coarse motion, which is realized by the main robotic system, usually gives rise to negative dynamic impact on the compensation actuator that is configured to accomplish the fine motion. Through the analysis of a simplified model for the coupled two-plant system, relative velocity information between the two plants is found to play a role in the first order derivative of the displacement error. With the use of the relative position information from high-speed visual feedback, this paper proposes a new pre-compensation fuzzy logic control (PFLC) approach for control of the compensation actuator. The PFLC method is model-independent and is realized with a cascade fuzzy inference structure that conveniently integrates the relative velocity term between the two plants into the error regulation, and therefore realizes the partial counteraction of the disturbance from the main robot easily without knowing the explicit mathematical models of the system. Comparison works between the proposed PFLC and approaches that take no consideration of the relative velocity information, such as proportional-derivative (PD) control and conventional fuzzy logic control, are conducted. Simulations and experiments show the consistent effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Rod Like ZnO Nanoparticles Synthesized by Simple Cost Effective Chemical Rout
Authors: Zia-ur-Rehman  , S. Rizwan Ali  , Humeira Hafeez
Published: January 2015

Chemical synthesis of nanoparticles is thought to be an efficient and cost effective technique. Chemical synthesis of nanoparticles offers good control of morphology and particle size. ZnO nanoparticles with rod like shapes have been synthesized by using simple chemical method. Zinc acetate was used as source of Zn, ethanol was used as solvent and NaoH was used as oxidizing agent. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by using SEM, EDS and XRD. Characterization result reveal the perfect phase transformation of ZnO nanoparticles with rod like morphology.
Authenticity of the Sign: Travels of a Lahu Song1
Authors: Pine Judith
Published: January 2015

This is a paper about a song which requires rather complex semiotic operations to be Lahu. The Wedding Oath song indexes, in different contexts, a desirable modern quality in a pre-modern society, a connection between an ethnic minority group and the modern state which implies obligations toward that ethnic group, and the positive quality of cosmopolitanism as a characteristic of a modern nation state. The nature of authenticity as a feature of these indexical relationships creates the possibility that one might extend Mendoza-Denton’s (2011) concept of “semiotic hitchhiker” to incorporate a non-material feature of a discursive performance.
Semiotic Ideologies of Race: Racial Profiling and Retroduction
Authors: Lele Veerendra P.
Published: January 2015

This paper analyses the semiotic features and errors of logic at work in racial profiling and racial reckoning. Anthropologists have long researched the concept of human “race”, including biological, linguistic, archaeological, and cultural approaches to this topic, and anthropologists now largely agree that “race” is principally a cultural concept, not a biological one. Yet practices of race involve inferences about physical attributes including human phenotype. While much attention has been given to understanding how race operates as a discursive form through which power is exercised, less analysis has been done on the “logic” of racial reckoning, and more generally, on the semiosis of race. What semiotic forms and ideologies are at work in racial practices? How do semiotic ideologies of race reproduce cultural distinctions and hierarchies? In short, how does race work semiotically and what can a semiotic analysis of race reveal? This paper examines a particular social practice – racial profiling – and the roles of iconicity and retroduction in it. I argue that iconicity is central to practices of race and that iconicity contributes to erroneous conditional probabilities and the retroductive reasoning that mistakenly serve to justify racial profiling.
Anthropological Encounters of a Semiotic Kind
Authors: Parmentier Richard J.
Published: January 2015

This article prints for the first time two oral presentations occasioned by visits to Brandeis University by the medievalist Brigitte Miriam Bedos-Rezak and the classicist Gregory Nagy. The path-breaking and authoritative papers and books by these two scholars provide key insights for anthropologists working from a semiotic perspective. Bedos-Rezak’s proposal that the practice of sealing documents in pre-scholastic France can be seen as evidence for a general semiotic ideology of the “imprint” raises the possibility that the systematicity of sign processes and corresponding metasemiotic discourses reflects esoteric attempts to conceal pragmatic variability in favour of nostalgic coherence. Similarly, Nagy’s insistence on the importance of the performance contexts for the shaping of the Homeric epics is grounded in the recognition that the semiotic ideology of radical “decentring” found in these texts masks the changing course of their actual pragmatic enactment.
The Ambiguous Migrant. A Profile of African Refugee Resettlement and Personal Experiences in Southeast Queensland, Australia
Authors: Claudio Fernanda
Published: January 2015

Australian history is marked by immigration control and attempts to exclude foreigners. Exclusionary strategies toward foreigners are expressed in policies that limit numbers and types of migrants and foster exclusionist attitudes amongst the population. Successive Australian prime ministers have won elections based on policies of immigration and border control. Fear and rejection of foreigners characterize current policies toward asylum seekers and refugees; importantly, this stance also affects the allocation of resources to support refugee resettlement. I examine the implications of underfunding health and social support services for African refugees in Brisbane. A profile of this population is provided along with a discussion of resettlement services. Abdominal pain and inadequate responses by the health system serve to exemplify the complex experiences of newcomers who have not yet found their place in Australia.
Évaluer les capacités des élèves à résoudre des problèmes dans le cadre d’une évaluation externe, en France
Authors: Sayac Nathalie , Grapin Nadine
Published: January 2015

Dans le cadre d’une évaluation nationale en mathématiques en fin d’école primaire (élèves de 10-11 ans) en France nous proposons, dans cet article, d’étudier plus particulièrement les items relevant de la résolution de problèmes afin de déterminer quelles compétences et connaissances sont véritablement évaluées par un dispositif comportant une grande part de QCM (questions à choix multiple). À cette fin, nous serons amenées à utiliser un outil didactique décliné en facteurs de complexité et de compétence, mais aussi à considérer les stratégies que les élèves utilisent pour répondre à ce type d’évaluation. Dans une expérimentation menée parallèlement à ce bilan, nous examinerons l’activité de résolution de problèmes suivant deux modalités de questionnement (fermé ou plus classique) afin de déterminer si elles ont une incidence sur les résultats des élèves. Nous souhaitons ainsi appréhender l’activité de résolution de problèmes en mathématiques aussi bien d’un point de vue cognitif (notamment avec les rétroactions rendues possibles par les QCM) que d’un point de vue institutionnel, en tenant compte de l’influence de différentes modalités d’évaluation.
La résolution de problèmes à l’école primaire : s’agit-il de « trouver la bonne formule »?
Authors: Coulange Lalina , Reydy Carine
Published: January 2015

Dans cet article, nous décrivons et étudions un dispositif collaboratif entre chercheurs, professeurs et élèves de fin d’école primaire (10-11 ans) centré sur la résolution de problèmes mathématiques. À travers l’analyse de trois exemples de problèmes expérimentés dans ce contexte, nous nous interrogeons sur les procédures que les élèves sont à même de développer pour résoudre les problèmes proposés et sur les potentialités de ces problèmes à contribuer à l’enseignement de savoirs algébrico-numériques chez les élèves. Ces analyses nous conduisent à interroger le rôle des formules et de leur production dans la démarche de modélisation algébrique a priori visée. Les résultats de notre étude nous amènent alors à considérer deux entrées possibles qui favoriseraient l’enseignement de savoirs préalgébriques à l’école primaire. Enfin, la recherche menée nous incite à penser que les représentations initiales des élèves et des enseignants sur ce qu’est une démarche de recherche en mathématiques ont une influence conséquente sur la mise en oeuvre des situations expérimentées.
Gérer l’accès aux mathématiques dans la résolution de problèmes textuels : une exploration du côté de l’enseignement primaire
Authors: Savard Annie , Polotskaia Elena
Published: January 2015

Cet article présente la gestion de l’accessibilité aux mathématiques dans la résolution de problèmes textuels ayant des structures additives par des enseignantes de première et de deuxième année du primaire. Nous avons utilisé un modèle ethnomathématique pour analyser les effets de cette gestion sur l’accès aux mathématiques pour les élèves. Nous avons constaté que les enseignantes attribuent plusieurs rôles à la résolution de ces problèmes et que les gestes didactiques qu’elles posent en fonction de ces rôles peuvent affecter négativement cet accès. Afin de les outiller pour reconnaître les rôles qu’elles attribuent à la résolution de problèmes et leurs effets sur l’accessibilité aux mathématiques par les élèves, de même que pour les aider à modifier leurs perceptions de ces rôles en vue de bonifier leurs interventions en classe, nous avons développé une activité de formation portant sur l’analyse et la représentation des structures additives présentes dans les problèmes textuels. Dans cet article, nous discutons des gestes didactiques des enseignantes avant, pendant et après la formation.
Revisiter la socialisation politique de l’autorité chez Max Weber
Authors: Girouard Étienne
Published: January 2015

Les études sur la légitimité politique en Chine contemporaine sont désormais tombées sous l’empire de la philosophie politique et du positivisme juridique. Or, l’analyse de l’autorité gouvernementale chinoise demande de revisiter la pensée wébérienne afin de pouvoir faire sens des nouveaux modes de socialisation politique dans l’établissement de la légitimité politique. Sans rompre avec la scientificité de la sociologie compréhensive, les idéaux-types sociohistoriques de ladomination liturgiqueet de ladomination panoptiqueviennent ici réactualiser la sociologie politique en s’intéressant aux sens subjectifs donnés par des gouvernés dont les consentements sont maintenant mus par les impératifs d’ordonner le mondeet desécuriser la société.
La construction provinciale comme mécanisme : le cas de l’immigration au Manitoba
Authors: Paquet1 Mireille
Published: January 2015

Dans le cadre d’une analyse de la croissance des activités en immigration et en intégration de tous les gouvernements provinciaux depuis le début des années 1990, cet article propose une revitalisation de la notion de « construction provinciale ». En prenant comme point de départ les critiques de Robert A. Young, Philippe Faucher et André Blais (1984), il y est suggéré de repositionner la construction provinciale en tant que mécanisme social. Par le biais de cette approche mécanistique et suivant l’observation du mécanisme dans dix cas, il est avancé que le mécanisme de construction provinciale opère par le biais de trois composantes à l’échelle d’une province – l’activation, la consensualisation et l’institutionnalisation – et produit des effets variables, en fonction du contexte dans lequel il est enclenché. Le potentiel heuristique de cette approche est illustré en retraçant comment un mécanisme de construction provinciale centré sur l’immigration s’est mis en mouvement au Manitoba à partir des années 1990.
Intérêts, stratégies des acteurs et innovation en politiques de développement en Afrique
Authors: Signé Landry
Published: January 2015

Les intérêts sont des variables incontournables pour la compréhension des phénomènes politiques en Afrique. Peu d’auteurs ont cependant proposé un cadre systématique permettant de comprendre le mécanisme à travers lequel cette variable façonne le jeu politique en Afrique. Comment et quand les intérêts (variables stratégiques) permettent-ils d’expliquer les processus d’émergence des politiques et des stratégies de développement sur ce continent ? Cet article propose une contribution originale en faisant le point théorique sur la question et analysant de manière empirique le rôle joué par les intérêts et les stratégies des dirigeants africains dans leurs relations avec les institutions financières internationales dans le processus d’émergence des stratégies de développement, notamment des plans d’ajustement structurel (années 1980 et 1990) et des documents stratégiques pour la réduction de la pauvreté (années 2000 et 2010). Les cas empiriques du Mali et du Togo servent d’illustration aux mécanismes présentés, relatifs particulièrement à l’articulation des intérêts et des stratégies des acteurs aux paradigmes économiques et aux contextes temporels dans l’orientation et la configuration de l’émergence et de la forme des innovations en matière de stratégies de développement en Afrique.
L’aide à l’insertion professionnelle des personnes inscrites à l’assistance sociale au Québec : tendances de la participation à la mesure de formation de la main-d’oeuvre 2005-2011
Authors: Provencher Ysabel , Turcotte Daniel
Published: January 2015

Cet article fait état d’une partie des résultats issus d’une récente étude portant sur la participation d’individus à la mesure de formation de la main-d’oeuvre (MFOR), l’un des plus importants dispositifs des services publics d’aide à l’emploi du Québec (Provencher, Beaudoin, Normand, Villeneuve et Tremblay-Roy, 2012). Une série d’analyses effectuées à partir d’une banque de données administratives du Ministère de l’Emploi et de la Solidarité Sociale (MESS) a permis d’en apprendre davantage sur les tendances de la participation à cette mesure de la part des personnes assistées sociales pour la période comprise entre 2005 et 2011. Durant cette période, près de 48 000 personnes assistées sociales se sont inscrites à la mesure pour compléter leur formation scolaire et académique dans le but de favoriser leur insertion durable au marché de l’emploi. Les données obtenues montrent que plus de trois participations sur quatre concernaient la formation secondaire (générale et professionnelle) et les activités de francisation et que seulement 52 % des activités de formation au total ont été complétées. Le taux d’interruption est encore plus élevé pour les personnes assistées sociales inscrites à la formation générale secondaire où 71,5 % des participations sont interrompues alors qu’elles représentent près de 30 % des activités de formation entreprises par ce groupe de clientèle. Ces résultats suggèrent que le taux d’efficacité de la mesure pourrait être amélioré et mettent en lumière le défi de développer les connaissances sur les motifs d’interruption pour ce groupe de clientèle, ainsi que la nécessité de la concertation entre le MESS et les partenaires du milieu de l’éducation pour assurer une meilleure efficacité des mesures déployées dans le cadre de la politique publique de l’emploi au Québec.
Le travail des baluchonneuses accompagnant une personne atteinte de démence de type Alzheimer : une responsabilité morale ?
Authors: Éthier Sophie , Gagnon-Grégoire Catherine , Dupont Janine
Published: January 2015

Les baluchonneuses partagent le quotidien de personnes atteintes de démence de type Alzheimer pour une durée de 4 à 14 jours en l’absence de l’aidant familial. Cet article présente une étude visant à mieux comprendre leur travail dans la perspective d’un modèle théorique sur la responsabilité morale. Les données ont été recueillies auprès de 20 baluchonneuses à l’aide d’entrevues face à face, téléphoniques et de groupe. Les résultats font ressortir qu’à travers les fondements derrière leur choix de devenir baluchonneuses – l’actualisation de leur responsabilité, l’évolution de la réponse à l’appel de la responsabilité, la singularisation de la responsabilité, la transformation de leur relation avec l’aidé, la variation de la relation entretenue avec les aidants, leur implication dans la relation aidant-aidé et la gestion de la médication et des soins médicaux –, les baluchonneuses assument une responsabilité morale en partie différente, mais néanmoins très semblable, à celle des aidants familiaux.
Una introducción a la crítica como sabotaje como metodología de análisis literario
Authors: Calafell Sala Nuria
Published: January 2015

Resumen: El presente trabajo se presenta dividido en dos partes: una de carácter introductorio, en la que se presenta la metodología de trabajo de la crítica como sabotaje, planteada hace apenas unos pocos años por Manuel Asensi Pérez como herramienta de análisis discursivo. La segunda es de naturaleza más bien práctica, al utilizar una serie de ejemplos de la literatura y, más específicamente, de la literatura de la argentina Ana María Shua, para poner en práctica aquellos recursos que desde la crítica como sabotaje se nos ofrecen para arrojar nueva luz a algunas de sus textualidades, en especial un relato breve (“La despedida”) y una colección de minificciones (Botánica del caos). En este sentido, el objetivo de este trabajo es plantear la escritura de la autora como un ejemplo de escritura de sabotaje.Palabras clave: crítica como sabotaje, cuento, minirrelato, Ana María Shua, lenguaje Abstract: This paper is divided in two parts: the introductory one, in which one introduces the methodology of criticism as sabotage, seted out by Manuel Asensi Pérez as a tool of discoursive analysis. The second one, more pragmatic, in wich one will use some examples from Literature and, specifically, from Ana María Shua’s Literature, to put into practice these resources that, from criticism as sabotage, we can use to illuminate some of her textualities, specially one short story (“The farewell”) and one collection of short short stories (Botany of chaos). In this sense, the goal of this paper is to suggest her writing as an example of sabotage.Keywords: criticism as sabotage, short story, short short story, Ana María Shua, language
Como la [víctima] española no hay (Pistas confusas para poder seguir de cerca y entender la singular vida de un personaje social en pleno esplendor)
Authors: Gatti Gabriel
Published: January 2015

Resumen: El texto aborda, con fracaso solo aparente, una hipótesis difícil: la que sostiene que existen manifestaciones de la víctima que son específicamente españolas. Tras criticar la insuficiencia de lo que en España se está haciendo para analizar las crecientes y variadas manifestaciones de esta figura, se muestra cómo las muchas herramientas teóricas disponibles para trabajarla están fuertemente orientadas hacia dos tradiciones intelectuales poderosas pero que nos son ajenas (una francesa y francófila, otra anglófona y anglófila). Este ejercicio de teorización nacional está, evidentemente, abocado al fracaso. Pero sirve sin embargo para visibilizar algunas posibilidades interesantes, que el trabajo invita a explorar: ¿existe una víctima Latina? ¿una del Sur? ¿Hay una estética específica de la víctima en España?Abstract: The text deals, with an only apparent failure, a really difficult hypothesis: one that argues that there are manifestations of the victim which are specifically Spanish. After criticizing the inadequacy of what in Spain is being done to analyze the growing and varied manifestations of this figure, this work shows how the many theoretical tools available to work it are strongly oriented towards two powerful intellectual traditions (a French and Francophile one, an Anglophone and Anglophile one), but both them alien. This exercise of national theorizing is obviously doomed to failure. But nevertheless it serves to make visible some interesting possibilities: is there a Latina victim? Is there a South victim? Is there a specific aesthetic of victims in Spain?
La heterodoxia en la poesía visual española del siglo XXI
Authors: Bianchi Marina
Published: January 2015

Resumen: Toda vanguardia esconde un malestar y una rebeldía contra la realidad que aflige al individuo y que se vuelve objeto de crítica en las obras. En este sentido, tras aclarar a qué nos referimos cuando hablamos de poesía visual, analizaremos algunas obras que han aparecido por primera vez en 2014, interpretándolas como reacción contra la pérdida de valores de la sociedad postmoderna. La finalidad será demostrar que la poesía visual española del siglo XXI no ha renunciado a su heterodoxia, puesto que elige justamente este universo donde todo es rápido, fluido, superficial, complejo e inasible para seguir denunciando desde su interior la incomunicación y la alienación a la que nos han llevado el consumismo y la cultura de masas.Palabras clave: poesía visual, compromiso ético, cultura de masas, incomunicación, alienaciónAbstract: All Vanguards implies uneasiness and rebellion against the reality that afflicts the individual and that becomes object of criticism in the works. After clarifying what we mean when we speak of visual poetry, we will analyze some works that appeared in 2014, interpreting them as a reaction against the loss of values of postmodern society. We want to demonstrate that the Spanish visual poetry of the 21st century has not given up his heterodoxy, since it just chooses this universe where everything is fast, fluid, frivolous, complex and incomprehensible to denounce from inside the incommunication and the alienation caused by consumerism and mass culture.Key Words: visual poetry, ethical commitment, mass culture, incommunication, alienation.
El franquismo, la transición y la mirada documental sobre la enfermedad mental
Authors: García López Sonia
Published: January 2015

Resumen: Este artículo aborda la mirada cinematográfica sobre las instituciones psiquiátricas y la concepción de la enfermedad mental del franquismo desde la óptica antagónica que comenzó a promoverse desde distintos ámbitos sociales, políticos y culturales durante la transición española. Partiendo de una aproximación histórica cuyo objetivo es contextualizar la concepción de la psiquiatría franquista se procede a continuación al análisis formal y temático de cuatro documentales clave de la transición española: El desencanto (J. Chávarri, 1976), El asesino de Pedralbes (G. Herralde, 1978) Animación en la sala de espera (C. Rodríguez Sanz y M. Coronado, 1978-81) y Cada ver es... (A. García del Val, 1981). Dicho análisis pone de manifiesto el modo en que el cine documental contribuyó a articular una nueva mirada sobre la enfermedad mental que se hacía eco del debate social y lo promovía, cuestionando el orden moral, científico y jurídico a partir del cual se sentaron las bases de la exclusión social durante el régimen. Palabras clave: franquismo, transición española, psiquiatría, reforma psiquiátrica, enfermedad mental, cine documental  Abstract: This paper focuses on the cinematic gaze over the psychiatric institutions and the consideration of mental illness during Francoism, as well as on the antagonistic position fostered during the Spanish Transition on a variety of social, political, and cultural milieus. After establishing a historical frame with the aim of contextualising the conception of Psychiatry during Francoism, the author proceeds to a formal and thematic analyse of four key documentaries from the Spanish Transition period: El desencanto (J. Chávarri, 1976), El asesino de Pedralbes (G. Herralde, 1978) Animación en la sala de espera (C. Rodríguez Sanz y M. Coronado, 1978-81) y Cada ver es... (A. García del Val, 1981). Such analysis will provide evidence of how documentary contributed to articulate a new consideration of the mental illness which echoed – and encouraged, the social debate, questioning the moral, scientific and juridical establishment on which social exclusion was rooted during the dictatorship.Key words: Francoism, Spanish Transition, Psychiatry, psychiatric reform, mental illness, documentary
La escritura del shock. Crisis y poesía en España
Authors: Martínez Fernández Ángela
Published: January 2015

Resumen: El presente trabajo consiste en el análisis de la emergencia de nuevas subjetividades provocadas por el estado de shock neoliberal que ha tenido lugar en España y su cristalización en la escritura a través de tres poemarios de autores jóvenes. Partimos en primer lugar de la redefinición del concepto de shock, describiendo por un lado el shock político y, por otro, el shock estético; a continuación se lleva a cabo una explicación del panorama poético actual que engloba a los poetas jóvenes aquí estudiados y las tendencias que comienzan a seguir y, finalmente, se lleva a cabo un análisis detallado de los tres libros para constatar dicha emergencia de nuevas subjetividades provocadas por la dinámica neoliberal en el plano poético español.Palabras clave: shock, neoliberalismo, capital, subjetividades, crisis.Abstract: The article focus in the relationship between the emergency of new subjectivities shocked by the Spanish neoliberalism and the creation of new poetical voices in some books written by young poets. The article starts exploring the two main dimensions of the ‘shock’ concept: in the political way and in the aesthetic one. Then, the article focus in the way some young Spanish poets use the aesthetic shock as a way for struggling the political shock of neoliberalism.Key Words: Shock, Neoliberalism, Subjectivity, Poetry, Spanish Crisis.