bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Health Literacy From a Pediatrician's Perspective
Authors: Sarper Nazan
Published: October 2019

Health literacy describes individual's skills to understand and use the information on health issues, compliance to the prescribed therapeutic regimen, prevention of disease and accidents, filtering the information, and making good judgments to maintain a healthy life. Low school education and fundamental education and poverty are barriers to gain health literacy. If TV broadcasts are used optimally for training in health issues, they may reach many people. The density of the active physicians, nurses and midwives, national health coverage, and training activities of the civil associations for chronic disease contribute to health literacy. Controversy exists about the benefits and risks of social media and mass media to health literacy due to information pollution. Self-diagnosis and marketing of under-the-counter drugs are problems of the digital age. Some projects aiming to improve digital health literacy skills will help people to reach reliable health-related information. Communication skills of healthcare professionals are also important.
How to Read Cultural Literacy Globally in Digital Age
Authors: Ceylan Can
Published: October 2019

Cultural literacy is what one should need to know to be able to understand, join, and participate properly in a certain culture. This may work temporarily for a short-time contact with a culture against some fatal failures. However, cultural literacy is also what one should and maybe must know not to fall into the blindness of ethnocentrism. Since this blindness is inevitable in any place and any period of time, we, as the people of contemporary times, should be aware of the function of cultural literacy. The function of cultural literacy is based on cultural relativity, which seems to be disappearing under globalization and cultural imperialism.
Asian Summer Monsoon Anticyclone: Trends and Variability
Authors: Basha Ghouse , Ratnam M. Venkat , Kishore Pangaluru
Published: October 2019

Abstract. The Asian Summer Monsoon (ASM) dynamics act as a pathway for the transport of trace gases and pollutants both vertically (through convection) and horizontally (through low-level jet and tropical easterly jet). These pollutants will be trapped in the anticyclone present during the same period in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (UTLS). Since the anticyclone extends from the Middle East to East Asia, trapped pollutants are expected to make a large radiative forcing to the background atmosphere. Thus, it is essential to understand the anticyclone features in detail and its relation to long-term oscillations. This work explores the spatial variability and the trends of the Asian Summer Monsoon Anticyclone (ASMA) using observational and reanalysis data sets. Emphasis is made to investigate the temporal, spatial, and long-term trends of ASMA. Our analysis indicates that the spatial extent and magnitude of ASMA is greater during July and August compared to June and September. The decadal variability of the anticyclone is very large at the edges of anticyclone than at the core region. Significant deviations in the northeast and southwest parts of ASMA are also observed in the decadal variability with reference to 1951−1960 period. The strength of the ASMA shows a drastic increase from the easterlies to the westerlies in terms of temporal variation. Further, our results show that the extent of anticyclone is greater during the active phase of the monsoon, strong monsoon years, and during La Niña events. Significant warming with strong westerlies is observed exactly over the Tibetan Plateau during the active phase of the monsoon, strong monsoon years, and during La Niña events. Over the Tibetan Plateau, there is strong elevated heating from the surface to the tropopause, which is observed with strong westerlies during active and strong monsoon years. Our results support the transport process over Tibetan Plateau and the Indian region during active, strong monsoon years and during strong La Niña years. It is suggested to consider different phases of monsoon while interpreting the pollutants/trace gases in the anticyclone.
Sensitivity analysis of gas leakage through a fault zone during subsurface gas storage in porous formations
Authors: Gasanzade Firdovsi , Bauer Sebastian , Pfeiffer Wolf Tilmann
Published: October 2019

Abstract. Subsurface gas storage in porous media is a viable option
to mitigate shortages in energy supply in systems largely based on renewable
sources. Fault systems adjacent to or intersecting with gas storage could
potentially result in a leakage of stored gas. Variations in formation
pressure during a storage operation can affect the gas leakage rates,
requiring a site and scenario specific assessment. In this study, a
geological model of an existing structure in the North German Basin (NGB) is
developed, parameterised and a methane gas storage operation is simulated.
Based on the observed storage pressure, a sensitivity study aimed at
determining gas leakage rates for different parametrisations of the fault
damage zone is performed using a simplified 2-D model. The leakage scenario
simulations show a strong parameter dependence with the fault acting as
either a barrier or a conduit for gas flow. Furthermore, the storage
operation greatly affects the gas leakage rates for a given parametrisation
with significant leakage only during the injection periods and thus during
increased overpressures in the storage formation. During injection, the peak
leakage rates can be as high as 2308 Sm3 d−1 for damage zone
permeabilities of 10 mD and a capillary entry pressure of 4 bar. Increasing
capillary entry pressure results in a sealing effect. If the capillary entry
pressure is scaled according to the damage zone permeability, peak leakage
rates can be higher, i.e. 3240 Sm3 d−1 for 10 mD and 0.13 bar. During
withdrawal periods, the pressure gradient between a storage formation and a
fault zone is reduced or even reversed, resulting in greatly reduced leakage
rates or even a temporary stop of the leakage. Total leakage volume from
storage formation was assessed based on the 2-D study by considering the
exposure of the gas-filled part of the storage formation to the fault zone
and subsequently compared with gas in place volume.
The fate of O+ ions observed in the plasma mantle and cusp: particle tracing modelling and Cluster observations
Authors: Schillings Audrey , Gunell Herbert , Nilsson Hans , De Spiegeleer Alexandre , Ebihara Yusuke , Westerberg Lars G. , Yamauchi Masatoshi , Slapak Rikard
Published: October 2019

Abstract. Ion escape is of particular interest for studying the evolution of the atmosphere on geological time scales. Previously, using Cluster-CODIF data, we investigated the oxygen ion outflow from the plasma mantle for different solar wind conditions and geomagnetic activity. We found significant correlations between solar wind parameters, geomagnetic activity (Kp index) and the O+ outflow. From these studies, we suggested that O+ ions observed in the plasma mantle and cusp have enough energy and velocity to escape the magnetosphere and be lost into the solar wind or in the distant magnetotail. Thus, this study aims to investigate where do the ions observed in the plasma mantle end up. In order to answer this question, we numerically calculate the trajectories of O+ ions using a tracing code to further test this assumption and determine the fate of the observed ions. Our code consists of a magnetic field model (Tsyganenko T96) and an ionospheric potential model (Weimer 2001) in which particles initiated in the plasma mantle and cusp regions are launched and traced forward in time. We analysed 136 observations of plasma mantle or cusp events in Cluster data between 2001 and 2007, and for each event 200 O+ particles were launched with an initial parallel and perpendicular velocity corresponding to the bulk velocity observed by Cluster. From the observations, our results show that 93 % of the events have an initial parallel velocity component twice the initial perpendicular velocity. After the tracing, we found that 96 % of the particles are lost into the solar wind or in the distant tail. Out of these 96 %, 20 % escape into the dayside magnetosphere.
African biomes are most sensitive to changes in CO2 under recent and near-future CO2 conditions
Authors: Scheiter Simon , Moncrieff Glenn R. , Pfeiffer Mirjam , Higgins Steven I.
Published: October 2019

Abstract. Current rates of climate and atmospheric change are likely higher than during the last millions of years. Even higher rates of change are projected in CMIP5 climate model ensemble runs for some RCP scenarios. Mismatches between the speed of ecological processes such as physiological adaptation, demographic shifts or migration, and the speed of changes in en- vironmental conditions imply lags between the transient vegetation state and the vegetation state expected under prevailing environmental conditions. Here, we used a dynamic vegetation model, the aDGVM, to study lags between transient and committed vegetation in Africa under changing atmospheric CO2 mixing ratio. We hypothesized that lag size increases with more rapidly changing CO2 mixing ratio as opposed to slower changes in CO2, and that disturbance by fire further increases these lags. Our model results confirm these hypotheses, revealing lags between vegetation state and environmental conditions and enhanced lags in fire-driven systems. Biome states, carbon stored in vegetation and tree cover in Africa are most sensitive to changes in the CO2 mixing ratio under recent and near-future levels, between approximately 300 and 500 ppm. These results have important implications for vegetation modellers as well as for management and policy making. Lag effects implicate that vegetation will undergo substantial changes in distribution patterns, structure and carbon sequestration even if emissions of fossils fuels and other greenhouse gasses are reduced and the climate system stabilizes. We conclude that modelers need to account for lags in models and data used for model testing and that policy makers need to consider lagged responses and committed changes in the biosphere when developing adaptation and mitigation strategies.
Identifying teleconnections and multidecadal variability of East Asian surface temperature during the last millennium in CMIP5 simulations
Authors: Ratna Satyaban B. , Osborn Timothy J. , Joshi Manoj , Yang Bao , Wang Jianglin
Published: October 2019

Abstract. We examine the relationships in models and
reconstructions between the multidecadal variability of surface temperature
in East Asia and two extratropical modes of variability: the Atlantic
Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) and the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO). We
analyse the spatial, temporal and spectral characteristics of the climate
modes in the last millennium, historical and pre-industrial control simulations
of seven Coupled Model Intercomparison
Project phase 5 (CMIP5)/Paleoclimate Model
Intercomparison Project phase 3 (PMIP3) global climate models (GCMs) to assess the relative influences of external
forcing and unforced variability. These models produce PDO and AMO
variability with realistic spatial patterns but widely varying spectral
characteristics. AMO internal variability significantly influences East
Asian temperature in five models (MPI, HadCM3, MRI, IPSL and CSIRO) but has a
weak influence in the other two (BCC and CCSM4). In most models, external
forcing greatly strengthens these statistical associations and hence the
apparent teleconnection with the AMO. PDO internal variability strongly
influences East Asian temperature in two out of seven models, but external
forcing makes this apparent teleconnection much weaker. This indicates that
the AMO–East Asian temperature relationship is partly driven by external
forcing, whereas the PDO–temperature relationship is largely from internal
variability within the climate system. Our findings suggest that external
forcing confounds attempts to diagnose the teleconnections of internal
multidecadal variability. Using AMO and PDO indices that represent internal
variability more closely and minimising the influence of external forcing on
East Asian temperature can partly ameliorate this confounding effect.
Nevertheless, these approaches still yield differences between the forced
and control simulations and they cannot always be applied to paleoclimate
reconstructions. Thus, we recommend caution when interpreting teleconnections
diagnosed from reconstructions that contain both forced and internal
variations.
Physically-based model for gully simulation: application to the Brazilian Semiarid Region
Authors: Lima Alencar Pedro Henrique , de Araújo José Carlos , dos Santos Teixeira Adunias
Published: October 2019

Abstract. Gullies are one of the most relevant erosion processes, connected to land degradation and desertification, in special in arid and semiarid regions. Despite its role, gully erosion is neglected by many models and researches. This study presents a physically-based model for small permanent gullies, typical in the Brazilian Semiarid Region. The model consists of coupling two previous models, those by Foster and Lane (1983) and Sidorchuk (1999). As both models require input data of peak discharge and duration, different rain intensities were tested. The rain intensity that suited gully erosion modelling best was the 30-minute intensity. The Foster and Lane model supplied a better response for smaller areas, where bed-channel erosion is more pronounced. The Sidorchuk model presented a better performance in larger sections, where wall erosion becomes more prominent. The experimental area is located in the semiarid State of Ceará, Brazil, in which the land use is characterised by agriculture and livestock. We measured and modelled three gullies ageing almost six decades. The threshold between the prevailing domains of each process (channel bed or wall erosion) is based on the cross-section area; and it is intrinsically connected to wall erosion: for the case study, the threshold area was approximately 2 m2. The final model, hereby called FL-SM (Foster & Lane and Sidorchuk Model) performed very well, with Nash–Sutcliffe coefficient of 0.846.
Technical Note: A two-sided affine power scaling relationship to represent the concentration–discharge relationship
Authors: Tunqui Neira José Manuel , Andréassian Vazken , Tallec Gaëlle , Mouchel Jean-Marie
Published: October 2019

Abstract. This technical note deals with the mathematical representation of concentration–discharge relationships. We propose a two-sided affine power scaling relationship (2S-APS) as an alternative to the classic one-sided power scaling relationship (commonly known as power law). We also discuss the identification of the parameters of the proposed relationship, using an appropriate numerical criterion. The application of 2S-APS to the high-frequency chemical time series of the Orgeval–Oracle observatory is presented (in calibration and validation mode): It yields better results for several solutes and for electrical conductivity in comparison with the power law relationship.
Runup, Inundation, and Sediment Characteristics of 22 December 2018 Indonesia Sunda Strait Tsunami
Authors: Widiyanto Wahyu , Lian Wei-Cheng , Hsiao Shih-Chun , Santoso Purwanto B. , Imananta Rudy T.
Published: October 2019

Abstract. A tsunami caused by a flank collapse of the southwest part of the Anak Krakatau volcano occurred on 22 December 2018. The affected area of the tsunami included a coastal area located at the edge of Sunda Strait, Indonesia. To gain an understanding of the tsunami event, field surveys were conducted a month after the incident. The surveys included measurements of runup height, inundation distance, tsunami direction, and sediment characteristics at 20 selected sites. The survey results revealed that the runup height and inundation distance reached 7.8 m and 292.2 m, both was found at Site Cagar Alam, part of Ujung Kulon National Park. Tsunami propagated radially from its source and arrived in coastal zone with direction was between 25° and 350° from North. Sediment samples were collected at 27 points in tsunami deposits with a sediment thickness of 1.5–12 cm. The distance of the sediment deposit area from the coast was 40 %–90 % of the distance of the inundation caused by the tsunami. The highest elevation of deposits was 60 %–90 % of the highest runup. Sand sheets were sporadic, highly variable, and highly influenced by topography. Grain sizes in the deposit area were finer than those at their sources. The sizes ranged from fine sand to boulders, with medium sand and coarse sand being dominant. All sediment samples had a well sorted distribution. An assessment of the boulder movements indicates that the tsunami runup had minimum velocities of 4.0–4.5 m/s.
Assessing Transportation Vulnerability to Tsunamis: Utilising Post-event Field Data from the 2011 Tohoku Tsunami, Japan, and the 2015 Illapel Tsunami, Chile
Authors: Williams James H. , Wilson Thomas M. , Horspool Nick , Paulik Ryan , Wotherspoon Liam , Lane Emily M. , Hughes Matthew W.
Published: October 2019

Abstract. Transportation infrastructure is crucial to the operation of society, particularly during post-event response and recovery. Transportation assets, such as roads and bridges, can be exposed to tsunami impacts when near the coast. Using fragility functions in an impact assessment identifies potential tsunami effects to inform decisions on potential mitigation strategies. Such functions have not been available for transportation assets in the past due to limited empirical datasets. This study develops fragility functions for roads and bridges through combined survey and remotely sensed data for the 2011 Tohoku Earthquake and Tsunami, Japan and using post-event field survey data from the 2015 Illapel Earthquake and Tsunami, Chile. The fragility functions show a trend of lower tsunami vulnerability (through lower probabilities of reaching or exceeding a given damage level) for road use categories of potentially higher construction standards. Topographic setting is also shown to affect the vulnerability of transportation assets in a tsunami with coastal plains seeing higher initial vulnerability (e.g. up to 5 m inundation depth), but coastal valleys exceeding the maximum vulnerability of roads on coastal plains (exceeding 30 m inundation depth). This study represents the first peer-reviewed example of empirical road and bridge fragility functions that consider a range of damage levels. This suite of synthesised functions is applicable to a variety of exposure and attribute types for use in global tsunami impact assessments, to inform resilience and mitigation strategies.
Contributing Factors on the Effectiveness of Delivering Business Technology Courses: On-Ground Versus Online
Authors: Tan John , Du Hongwei , Jan Ching-Lih , Lin Robert
Published: October 2019

Enrollment in online college courses in the United States has grown by about 5% from 2012 to 2016. This paper examines course design and student performance data to research whether instructors can delivery on-ground and online sections of a business technology course with the same effectiveness. Authors address this paper’s research question by analyzing five pairs of on-ground and online sections of business technology courses. Each of the five pairs of business technology course, has data analytics projects as part of the course content, is taught by the same instructor with the same details of course contents in the same quarter. Overall results of this paper suggest that, with proper training and support of technology, an instructor can deliver both the on-ground and online sections of a business technology course with the same effectiveness as measured by students’ grade points. Further analysis shows that this result applies to female and male students, respectively. Female (male) students learn equally well in on-ground and online. This paper contributes to the literature by discussing some contributing factors on the effectiveness of delivering online business technology courses. Authors suggest that other than technology such as LockDown Browser or Respondus Monitor, continuous placement of the same instructor with Quality Matters training to teach both the on-ground and online sections of a course is crucial to success. Results of this paper consequently provide practical implications to instructors, academic advisers, and administrators of universities.
The Derivation of Wh-Questions in Najrani Arabic
Authors: A. Mushait Saud
Published: October 2019

The study explores the derivation of wh-questions in Najrani Arabic and attempts to answer the following questions: (i) Can wh-questions in Najrani Arabic be derived in VSO or SVO or both?, and (ii) How can Najrani Arabic wh-questions be accounted for within Chomsky’s (2001,2005, 2013,2015 ) Phase approach? The objective of the study is to present a unified analysis of the derivation of wh-questions in Najrani Arabic and show the interaction between Najrani Arabic data and Chomsky’s Phase framework. It has been shown that Najrani Arabic allows the derivation of wh-questions from the argument and non-argument positions in VSO word order. Given this, we assume that VSO is the unmarked order for the derivation of wh-questions in Najrani Arabic. In VSO, the subject DP does not raise to Spec-TP because the head T does not have the EPP feature: the latter attracts movement of the former. The verb raises to the head T of TP, while the subject DP remains in-situ in Spec-vP. Moreover, in Najrani Arabic intransitive structures, the phase vP does not have a specifier because it does not have an external thematic argument whereas in transitive constructions the vP has. Concerning case assignment, the phase vP merges with an abstract tense af (fix) on the head T, which agrees with and assigns invisible nominative case to the subject wh-word man ‘who’. We assume that the phase head C is the probe and has the Edge feature which attracts the raising of the subject wh-phrase to Spec-CP. Besides, we argue that the light transitive head v has an Edged feature which attracts the raising of the object wh-phrase aish ‘what’ to be the second (outer) specifier of vP. Being the phase head, the v probes for a local goal and finds the object wh-phrase aish; the v agrees with and assigns accusative case to the object wh-phrase aish. As the TP merges with a null interrogative head C, the phase head C has an Edge feature that attracts the raising of the object wh-word aish to Spec-CP for feature valuation. Following this, the null copies of the moved entities left after movement receive a null spellout in the phonological level and, hence, cannot be accessed for any further operation.
Coherence and Awareness among Young People from Quilombo do Areal
Authors: Gedrat Dóris Cristina , Vieira André Guirland , Schubert Cláudio
Published: October 2019

The objective of this study is to identify and assess coherence in the narratives produced by young residents of quilombo, who participated in an intervention study that aimed to empower them to deal with negative experiences in a positive way. A focus group intervention method was applied with 10 young individuals aged from 14 to 18 years who lived in Areal Quilombo in Porto Alegre, RS. They were asked to produce autobiographical or fictitious stories that pictured the daily life of a young resident of a quilombo. Eight narratives were recorded and filmed with the theme racial prejudice and discrimination. The stories’ global coherence was assessed, and the presence of the Other in the I also investigated. Among the most meaningful results is that there is a change in the attitude toward racial prejudice when the prejudiced victim takes action in favor of this change and the self’s property of being a multiplicity instead of a unity is confirmed.
The Effect of Financial Leverage on The Islamic Banks’s Performance in The Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) Countries
Authors: Menacer Abdesslam , Saif-Alyousfi Abdulazeez Y. H. , Ahmad Nor Hayati
Published: October 2019

This study examines the impact of the financial leverage on the Islamic banks’ performance in the GCC countries during the period from 2005-2017. The population of this study included the Islamic banks in the GCC countries. Thirteen years data of 25 listed Islamic banks in the GCC countries were used, wereby these data were retrieved from the Thomson Reuters DataStream. This study utilized the fixed effect regression model. The findings show that the financial leverage a has significant impact on the performance of the Islamic banks’ performance in the GCC region. More specifically, the financial leverage has a positive and significant impact on ROA, ROE, and Tobin’s Q of the Islamic banks in the GCC countries, thus indicating that the higher is the financial leverage the higher is the performance of the Islamic banks in the GCC region. However, the results of this study do not provide evidence to support the Agency Cost Theory that implies a decrease in the performance when equity ratio is increased. On the other hand, the findings provide evidence to support the Signaling Theory that argues that banks are expected to have a better performance credibly in transmitting this information through the higher capital. The findings imply that the level of financial leverage committed by the Islamic banks depends on their flexibility in adjusting their debt value and earning power.
The Impact of Psychological Adjustment on Private University Students’ Academic Achievement: Case Study
Authors: Fateel Moosa Jaafar
Published: October 2019

The present study examined the impact of psychological adjustment on private university students’ academic achievement. The sample size consisted of 121 university students (42.1% male, and 57.9% female). The results showed that 34% of the students recorded low levels of psychological adjustment, 51 % of the students recorded average levels of psychological adjustment, 15 % of the students recorded high levels of psychological adjustment. The findings also indicated relationship between psychological adjustment and university academic achievement and that psychological adjustment has a significant positive impact on private university students’ academic achievement. The study concludes with suggesting to apply tests that measure students’ psychological adjustment with the specialization in which they wish to continue their university study in before accepting them in any academic specialization.
The relation between standardized test scores and NCLEX-RN failure
Authors: Domiano Lindsay Sandridge , Charrier Danielle
Published: October 2019

First time pass rates on the National Council Licensure Examination – Registered Nurses (NCLEX-RN) are the desired outcome of Schools of Nursing across the United States. The purpose of this study was to determine if there was a relation between standardized testing scores and NCLEX-RN failure among students in a baccalaureate nursing program. This study utilized a retrospective correlational design to identify relations between the dependent variables NCLEX-RN failure and the independent variables. The 16 Independent Variables were: Fundamentals of Nursing Practice and Repeat, Adult Health Nursing and Repeat, Mental Health Nursing and Repeat, Pediatric Nursing and repeat, Obstetrical Nursing and Repeat, Community Health Nursing and Repeat, RN Exit Exam and Repeat, and Pharmacology and Pharmacology Repeat. The statistical tests utilized for data analysis were: logistic regression, multiple logistic regression model, and Pearson’s χ2 cross-tabulations. Significant findings identified students “at risk” for NCLEX-RN failure. Faculty intervention early on and throughout the students’ nursing program will help improve student outcomes, NCLEX-RN success, and ultimately helping to alleviate the nursing shortage.
Nutritional Composition of the Green Leaves of Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.)
Authors: Pathan Safiullah , Eivazi Frieda , Valliyodan Babu , Paul Kamalendu , Ndunguru Grato , Clark Kerry
Published: October 2019

Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) grain is often eaten worldwide as a healthy food, but consuming nutrient-rich quinoa leaves as a leafy green vegetable is uncommon. This study evaluated the potentiality of leafy green quinoa as a major source of protein, amino acids, and minerals in the human diet. Also, the study compared the nutrient content of quinoa leaves with those of amaranth and spinach leaves. The proximate analysis of quinoa dry leaves showed a higher amount (g/100 g dry weight) of protein (37.05) than amaranth (27.45) and spinach (30.00 g). Furthermore, a lower amount of carbohydrate (34.03) was found in quinoa leaves compared to amaranth (47.90) and spinach (43.78 g). A higher amount of essential amino acids was found in quinoa leaves relative to those of amaranth and spinach. The highest amounts (mg/100 g dry weight) of minerals in quinoa dry leaves were copper (1.12), manganese (26.49), and potassium (8769.00 mg), followed by moderate amounts of calcium (1535.00), phosphorus (405.62), sodium (15.12), and zinc (6.79 mg). Our findings suggest that quinoa leaves can be consumed as a green vegetable with an excellent source of nutrients. Therefore, we endorse the inclusion of quinoa in the leafy green vegetable group.
Evaluation of miLINC to shorten time to treatment for rifampicin-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Authors: Farley J. E. , McKenzie-White J. , Bollinger R. , Hong H. , Lowensen K. , Chang L. W. , Stamper P. , Berrie L. , Olsen F. , Isherwood L. , Ndjeka N. , Stevens W.
Published: October 2019

BACKGROUND: Achieving the 90–90–90 targets for tuberculosis (TB) will require interventions that enhance diagnosis, linkage, treatment and adherence to care. As a first step in the process, our team designed a suite of smartphone applications known as miLINC to improve
time from diagnosis to treatment initiation in drug-resistant TB patients.SETTING: Three clinical locations in a large, peri-urban district in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.OBJECTIVE: To assess the acceptability, feasibility and impact of the miLINC mobile health applications
as a solution to reducing the time from presentation to treatment initiation of rifampicin-resistant (RR) TB patients.METHODS: We used a prospective, observational quality improvement evaluation of miLINC's impact among newly diagnosed patients with RR-TB.RESULTS: A convenience
sample comprising details of 6341 patients with presumptive TB were entered into miLINC. Of the 631 TB-positive sputum specimens, 41 (6.5%) were found to be RR-TB. The mean time from clinical presentation to RR-TB treatment initiation was 3 days, 21 h, 17 min.CONCLUSION: This is
the first study to suggest that the time from presentation to diagnosis and to treatment initiation for patients with RR-TB can be significantly improved using an integrated approach combining technology with appropriate human resources.
Likelihood Ratio in Evidential Evaluation of Polygraph Examination
Authors: Konieczny Jerzy , Wolańska-Nowak Paulina
Published: October 2019

The starting point of the paper is the observation that the likelihood ratio (LR) is not used in the evaluation practice of — so important in the field of internal security — polygraph examinations. Meanwhile, LR is the only scientifically justifiable parameter that shows the evidential weight of particular evidence. The authors present theoretical attempts to use LR for evidential assessment of the polygraph examinations value and subject them to criticism. The main objective of the paper is to present the LR calculation procedure in the context of interpretation of a polygraph examination result treated as evaluative expertise. The following assumptions are made: the analysis includes only comparison question techniques; examination results enable to include a relevant subject only in one of the three categories: deception indicated, no deception indicated, inconclusive; there are various ways to assign LR; in the course of LR assignment, the arbitrary adoption of the values of some variables is admissible. Several examples of LR calculations are presented
in different tactical configurations of polygraph examinations. The significance of including the inconclusive results in the examination
technique characteristics is analysed. The possibility of applying the cumulative LR is indicated, however, leaving this question open. Consequences of the LR application in the interpretation of polygraph examinations are also presented as an argument in the criminal analysis. Conclusions show that treating polygraph examinations as evaluative expertise opens a new perspective on this method of forensic identification and deserves to be continued; however, the issue of the evidential use of polygraph examination results, in the light of the evaluation made with the use of the Bayesian approach, requires a number of further discussions among lawyers and scientists.
Soybean Amino Acids in Health, Genetics, and Evaluation
Authors: Monte Singer William , Zhang Bo , Rouf Mian M.A. , Huang Haibo
Published: October 2019

Soybean is an important source of protein and amino acids for humans and livestock because of its well-balanced amino acid profile. This chapter outlines the strengths and weaknesses of soybean as a complete amino acid source as well as the relative importance of individual amino acids. Special attention is paid to the sulfur-containing amino acids, methionine and cysteine. Breeding and genetic engineering efforts are summarized to highlight previous accomplishments in amino acid improvement and potential avenues for future research. Agronomic properties and processing methods that affect amino acid levels in soybean food and feed are also explained. A brief introduction into current amino acid evaluation techniques is provided. By understanding the complexities of amino acids in soybean, protein quality for humans and livestock can be maximized.
Decoupled and Descattered Monopole MIMO Antenna Array with Orthogonal Radiation Patterns
Authors: Al-Rizzo Hussain , A. Isaac Ayman , Z. Tariq Sulaiman , Yahya Samer
Published: October 2019

This chapter introduces a novel design concept to reduce mutual coupling among closely-spaced antenna elements of a MIMO array. This design concept significantly reduces the complexity of traditional/existing design approaches such as metamaterials, defected ground plane structures, soft electromagnetic surfaces, parasitic elements, matching and decoupling networks using a simple, yet a novel design alternative. The approach is based on a planar single decoupling element, consisting of a rectangular metallic ring resonator printed on one face of an ungrounded substrate. The decoupling structure surrounds a two-element vertical monopole antenna array fed by a coplanar waveguide structure. The design is shown both by simulations and measurements to reduce the mutual coupling by at least 20 dB, maintain the impedance bandwidth over which S11, is less than −10 dB, and reduce the envelope correlation coefficient to below 0.001. The boresight of the far-field radiation patterns of the two vertical monopole wire antennas operating at 2.4 GHz and separated by 8 mm (λo/16), where λo is the free-space wavelength at 2.45 GHz, is shown to be orthogonal and inclined by 45° with respect to the horizontal (azimuthal) plane while maintaining the shape of the isolated single antenna element.
La puesta en valor del paisaje de la Sierra de los Guájares en la memoria de la rebelión de las Alpujarras = Putting Value of the Landscape of Sierra de los Guájares in the Remembrance of the Rebellion of the Alpujarras
Authors: Sánchez Holgado José Ramón
Published: October 2019

Durante la Rebelión de Las Alpujarras fueron numerosos los enfrentamientos que se originaron entre las tropas cristianas y musulmanas, si bien se tiene una reducida información sobre el desarrollo de la mayoría de sus episodios y el emplazamiento exacto donde se produjeron. El presente trabajo de investigación pretende localizar, analizar e inventariar los hechos acaecidos en Tajo Fuerte junto a un patrimonio cultural convertido hoy en un interesante yacimiento arqueológico. Su puesta en valor podría fomentar su protección y divulgación, favoreciendo la dinamización de la economía local y comarcal.AbstractDuring the Rebellion of the Alpujarras, many clashes between Christian and Muslim troops happened. However, there is little information as to the details of most these episodes or the exact location where they occurred. This research will seek to locate, analyze and inventory the events that occurred in Tajo Fuerte and the cultural heritage nowadays converted into an interesting archaeological site. Putting value on it may promote its protection and promotion, favoring the revitalization of local and regional economy.
Reseña de: Fernández Fernández, Antonio y Fernández Portela, Julio: Paisajes y Turismo
Authors: Pellitero Ondicol Ramón
Published: October 2019

Antonio Fernández Fernández y Julio Fernández Portela (2019): Paisajes y Turismo. Madrid, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED). ISBN 9788436273847
El castillo de Chinchilla de Montearagón (Albacete): un bien de interés cultural olvidado y escasamente valorado = The Castle of Chinchilla de Montearagón (Albacete): A Good of Cultural Interest Forgotten and Little Valued
Authors: Morales Yago Francisco José
Published: October 2019

Texto del apartadoImágenes y Palbras sobre el Castillo de Chinchilla (Albacete).
Desempenho de SACs cultivados com forrageiras, quanto à remoção de matéria orgânica de esgoto doméstico
Authors: Silva Éllen Lemes , Souza José Antônio Rodrigues de , Moreira Débora Astoni , Mendes Matheus Rocha , Rezende Diego César Veloso , Oliveira Walisson Marques , Ribeiro Wesley Anderson Siqueira , Teixeira Paulo Tárcyo de Resende
Published: October 2019

Dentre as alternativas para tratamento de efluentes, visando minimizar problemas decorrentes da falta de saneamento, vêm se destacando o uso de wetlands construídos, os quais, além de apresentar baixo custo de instalação, ser ecológico, possuem efeitos paisagísticos de fácil aceitação para quem adere a técnica. Assim, este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a eficiência de sistemas alagados construídos cultivados na remoção de matéria orgânica no tratamento de água residuária doméstica. Para isso, foram implantadas 18 unidades experimentais constituídos por cochos plásticos, em escala piloto, nas dimensões de 0,70m de largura x 2,10m de comprimento x 0,31m de altura, e com declividade longitudinal de 0,05m m-1, preenchidos com meio suporte (brita #1, D60=12mm, coeficiente de uniformidade - CU D60/D10 = 3,8 e volume de vazios inicial de 0,520m-3 m-3). Os sistemas foram submetidos a taxas de carregamento orgânico de 100, 200 e 300kg ha-1d-1 de DBO e diferentes tempos de detenção hidráulicos (1, 2 e 4 dias). As unidades foram cultivadas com forrageiras capim-elefante (Napier - Pennisetum purpureum schum.), capim Mombaça (Megathyrsus maximus) e capim Tifton 85 (Cynodon spp.). Deste modo, as eficiências médias na remoção de sólidos totais, turbidez e DBO (Demanda bioquímica de oxigênio) ficaram entre 25 e 48%, 75 a 96% e 59 a 76%, respectivamente, havendo diferenças significativas entre leitos cultivados. Sendo o SAC10 responsável pelo melhor desempenho de remoção de sólidos e turbidez, e o SAC3 para remoção de DBO.
Feminismos en torsión
Authors: Medina-Vicent María , Reverter-Bañón Sonia , Strazzeri Irene
Published: October 2019

En un momento de gran efervescencia feminista, se entremezclan las reclamaciones políticas del movimiento con las peligrosas reapropiaciones que de sus núcleos de lucha hace el neoliberalismo. Las tensiones que se presentan en este contexto son muchas y variadas, algunas evidentes y otras invisibles, pero todas contribuyen a la torsión actual del feminismo. En el  presente artículo  se abordarán algunas  de  estas  tensiones  que nacen en  la  intersección entre feminismo y neoliberalismo: desde la publicidad como posible herramienta feminista hasta los discursos sobre el emprendimiento y el empleo, pasando por el diseño de políticas públicas, y la mercantilización de los cuerpos femeninos. También se abordarán algunas de las posibles rearticulaciones y respuestas políticas feministas ante esta realidad, mostrando la complejidad de los retos a los que tienen que hacer frente los feminismos hoy.In times of great feminist effervescence, the political claims of the movement are intermingled with the dangerous reappropriations that neoliberalism makes of its struggle nuclei. The tensions that appear in this context are many and varied, some obvious and some invisible, but all of them contribute to the torsion of feminism. This article will address some of the tensions that arise from the intersection between feminism and neoliberalism: from advertising as a possible feminist tool, to speeches on entrepreneurship and employment, through the design of public policies, and the commodification of female bodies. Some of the possible re-articulations and feminist political responses to this reality will be addressed, showing the great complexity of the challenges that feminisms face today.
Queer Death Studies: Coming to Terms with Death, Dying and Mourning Differently. An Introduction
Authors: Radomska Marietta , Mehrabi Tara , Lykke Nina
Published: October 2019

This special issue aims to rethink death, dying and mourning through theoretical and methodological modes of queering. These modes are mobilised under three overarching themes: (1) queer (necro)politics, which focuses not only on regimes and technologies that subjugate “life to the power of death” (Mbembe 2003, 39), while rendering some lives more grievable than others, but also, on queer modes of resistance; (2) posthuman ethico-politics of death, which seeks to problematise and undermine human exceptionalism, while exploring human/nonhuman relationalities in the context of death and dying; and (3) queering death and mourning, which concentrates on nonnormative practices of remembering and mourning the dead.
Constructing Injustice Symbols in Contemporary Trans Rights Activisms
Authors: Myles David , Lewis Kelly
Published: October 2019

In this paper, we investigate the role that mourning and commemoration practices play in contemporary trans rights activism. Drawing from visual politics, digital activist culture, as well as media and communication, we analyse how trans rights movements construct injustice symbols that are used for sociopolitical mobilisation and expression. We contend that these symbols are constructed through shared communicative practices, which produce and circulate visuals that possess important memetic qualities (pictures, slogans, hashtags, graffiti, posters, etc.). To do so, we analyse three case studies where the unjust death of a trans person was collectively mobilised for political purposes: Jennifer Laude (Philippines, 1988-2014), Hande Kader (Turkey, 1993-2016), and Marsha P. Johnson (United States of America, 1945-1992). While each case study points to local or national specificities, our comparative analysis also underlines transnational trends in the production of posthumous visuals within contemporary trans rights activism. We conclude by addressing the contentions over the construction of trans symbols who inherently possess intersectional identities.
Całościowe ujęcie krajobrazu, wybrane podejścia i problemy badawcze = The holistic conceptualisation of the landscape, selected approaches and research problems
Authors: Degórska Bożena , Degórski Marek
Published: October 2019

The aim of this theoretical work is to systemize and synthesize selected issues related to the approach to landscape. Presented here are: 1) selected holistic approaches to the cultural landscape, with particular attention paid to the added value of the current approach; 2) the rationale behind the devastated landscape being assigned to a separate category, rather than considered under the “cultural landscape” heading – and the essence of the associated typological separateness, as a logical inference from the interaction of the anthropogenic and natural systems in the formation of landscape properties, which emphasises the disappearance of cultural patterns as a devastated landscape is created; 3) an outline of research themes pertaining to landscape connectivity and permeability, as well as inter-penetration, with parallel depiction of substantive premises underpinning a somewhat different treatment of these properties. Given the progressive withdrawal of the term natural landscape, and also taking account of the category of cultural landscape and the level of anthropogenic pressure, the authors propose the division of the landscape into 3 categories: primary, cultural and devastated. This denotes an intentional separation and distinguishing of the devastated landscape, with the addition of this category justified in terms of the disappearance of cultural patterns that the formation of such a landscape entails.
Manuscrits medievals del Matarranya (Terol) i llurs aportacions al lèxic català
Authors: Giralt Latorre Javier , Moret Oliver María Teresa
Published: October 2019

L’estudi de la llengua en què foren escrits els documents antics de la Franja és del tot imprescindible per a contribuir al coneixement de la història de la llengua catalana en aquest territori d’Aragó. Certament, el llenguatge formulari que s’hi troba i l’homogeneïtat escripturària són limitacions d’aquests manuscrits a l’hora d’esbrinar elements realment dialectals, perquè l’espontaneïtat resta restringida a la mínima expressió; de fet, el lector que s’hi apropa comprova que hi ha una scripta coincident amb la d’altres textos de la mateixa època i d’altres zones. Nogensmenys, el seu estudi corrobora que, d’elements marcats diatòpicament, n’hi ha, fins i tot en la sincronia medieval en la qual foren redactats. En aquestes pàgines analitzarem les particularitats lèxiques d’alguns manuscrits del Matarranya dels segles XIV i XV, clarament occidentals i atestades majoritàriament en documents produïts en l’àrea valenciana o la nord-occidental. També presentarem els aragonesismes aplegats i aquells vocables que no han estat testimoniats enlloc.
Presentation of the monograph «Early Modern Women's Writing: More Texts and Contexts»
Authors: Zaragoza Gómez Verònica
Published: October 2019

Presentation of the monograph «Early Modern Women's Writing: More Texts and Contexts», number 67 (Autumn 2019) of Caplletra. Revista Internacional de Filologia.
Women Writers of Early Modern Spain: A Feminist Overview
Authors: Cruz Anne J.
Published: October 2019

Spanish women writers of the early modern period have consistently been undervalued owing to the lack of documentation available. New research, however, has uncovered many more female authors than previously known and has also dedicated time to the study of their historical context such as their education and social status. Women’s cultural production may thus be divided by religious and secular women, as well as by noble and non-noble women, although all contributed to such literary genres as poetry, novels, short stories, and plays. Women writers also took up the pen to write ego-documents such autobiographies, conventual foundational histories, and correspondence, and numerous women participated in literary academies and tournaments. Most importantly, however, women writers created and participated in their own lettered communities.
Josep Sanxo i Sanxo, Josep & F. Xavier Martín Martínez (ed.), «Diari (1824-1844)», Barcelona, Institut Menorquí d’Estudis / Publicacions de l’Abadia de Montserrat, 2018, 269 p.
Authors: Martínez Mayor Carlos
Published: October 2019

Ressenya sobre el llibre de Josep Sanxo i Sanxo, Josep & F. Xavier Martín Martínez (ed.), Diari (1824-1844), Barcelona, Institut Menorquí d’Estudis / Publicacions de l’Abadia de Montserrat, 2018, 269 p., ISBN 978-84-9191-007-7.