bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reliability analysis at usual operating settings for Weibull Constant-stress model with improved adaptive Type-Ⅱ progressively censored samples
Authors: Nassar Mazen , Alotaibi Refah , Elshahhat Ahmed
Published: May 2024

An improved adaptive Type-Ⅱ progressive censoring scheme was recently introduced to ensure that the examination duration will not surpass a specified threshold span. Employing this plan, this paper aimed to investigate statistical inference using Weibull constant-stress accelerated life tests. Two classical setups, namely maximum likelihood and maximum product of spacings, were explored to estimate the scale, shape, and reliability index under normal use conditions as well as their asymptotic confidence intervals. Through the same suggested classical setups, the Bayesian estimation methodology via the Markov chain Monte Carlo technique based on the squared error loss was considered to acquire the point and credible estimates. To compare the efficiency of the various offered approaches, a simulation study was carried out with varied sample sizes and censoring designs. The simulation findings show that the Bayesian approach via the likelihood function provides better estimates when compared with other methods. Finally, the utility of the proposed techniques was illustrated by analyzing two real data sets indicating the failure times of a white organic light-emitting diode and a pump motor.
Multimodal physiotherapy treatment based on a biobehavioral approach in a patient with chronic low back pain: A case report
Authors: Forner-Álvarez Carlos , Cuenca-Martínez Ferran , Moreno-Gómez-Toledano Rafael , Vidal-Quevedo Celia , Grande-Alonso Mónica
Published: May 2024

Low back pain and its chronification are among the most common causes of disabilities worldwide. This is why multiple interventions and treatment approaches have been investigated around this pathology in recent years. Currently, the evidence is increasingly leaning towards treating chronic low back pain with a treatment based on the patient's centered biopsychosocial model. This case report presents the evaluation and treatment of a 43-year-old woman with chronic low back pain using a multimodal physiotherapy based on a biobehavioral approach. In the physiotherapy intervention, the patient's pain characteristics and somatosensory, motor-functional, and affective-cognitive states were first evaluated. Subsequently, a multimodal treatment including therapeutic exercise, pain neuroscience education, and orthopedic manual and physical therapies was applied for a total of 14 sessions over a period of 9 weeks. Finally, a post-intervention evaluation and at the one-month follow-up were carried out, in which it was observed that the treatment had significantly improved the patient's symptomatology and their general state. This case suggests that a multimodal physiotherapy treatment based on a biobehavioral approach is an effective option to improve pain symptoms and somatosensory, motor-functional, and affective-cognitive aspects in the reported patient; therefore, a treatment of these characteristics may be an option for patients with chronic low back pain.
REINFORCEMENT OF COMPRESSED STABILIZED EARTH BLOCKS WITH BIOCHAR RESULTING FROM USE OF AGRO-INDUSTRIAL WASTE
Authors: A. Alvaro Villadiego-Osorio , Espinosa Daniel , Sanchez Javier , Chadid-Garcia Leidys , Lalinde Luis F. , Camargo-Trillos Diego
Published: May 2024

Over the past few decades, the transformation and utilization of materials obtained from agricultural residues as a circular economy strategy have been extensively discussed. Rice husk has received special attention due to the presence of biogenic oxides or biosilica (Gomez-Vazquez et al., 2022; Shafigh et al., 2014; A. B. Souza et al., 2021). This study aimed to evaluate the technical feasibility of using rice husk biochar, a by-product of bioenergy utilization of this agroindustry waste, by developing a multi-factor statistical analysis during the formulation of compressed stabilized earth blocks (CSEB). A central composite experimental design was implemented to examine the contribution of factors such as the percentage of biochar (2.5–17%) and drying temperature (40–100°C) of the CSEB on its mechanical properties. The ANOVA analysis and response surface evaluation demonstrated that biochar up to 14.5% could be added while maintaining a minimum strength of 2MPa. Moreover, the drying temperature significantly affected the mechanical strength of the CSEB, and a complex interaction between clay and biochar was observed, allowing for high mechanical strength and adsorption capacities of the CSEB simultaneously.
EMBODIED CARBON EVALUATION IN EARLY-STAGE DESIGN STUDENTS’ PROJECTS AS PART OF A SUSTAINABLE AND RESILIENT CURRICULUM
Authors: Firley Erik , Lüley Marek
Published: May 2024

The building industry causes 40% of global carbon emissions, out of which more than a quarter is constituted by the individual constructions’ embodied carbon. The latter figure takes into consideration not only the selection of materials, the energy needed for their production, and their renewal until the end of the building's life cycle, but also their geographic origin relative to the building's location. The scientific method used to determine this figure, the so-called Life-cycle Assessment (LCA), of new and reused constructions, occupies an important role in the way the architectural profession can address climate change. These efforts are not limited to research and practice, but include the introduction of LCA tools as part of architectural education, with the ultimate goal of establishing energy-efficiency as an intuitive component of the architect's design process. In this paper, the authors investigate the opportunities and pedagogical issues encountered over the course of a second-year undergraduate design studio, during which the life cycle assessment of embodied carbon was introduced as an integral part of the project syllabus. On the one hand, the results reveal the substantial energy-saving potential provided through the use of LCA tools, with more than 50% carbon saving potential provided through the exchange of concrete with cross-laminated timber, but on the other hand they manifest the difficulty of attracting the students’ attention for such exercises during a design studio.
Vers une civilisation écologique : former l’écocitoyen terrestre en Corée du Sud
Authors: Lee Jaeyoung , Kim Hyeongyeong
Published: May 2024

En Corée du Sud, depuis l’institutionnalisation de la discipline « environnement » lors de la réforme du curriculum national de 1992, l’éducation à l’environnement suit une double approche, disciplinaire et transversale. En 2021, cette éducation a été renforcée sur les plans législatif, pratique et académique afin d’englober l’éducation dans et hors l’école. Désormais, l’État doit garantir à tous le droit à l’éducation à l’environnement et mettre en place l’éducation à la transition écologique. En outre, le gouvernement a publié en 2022 un référentiel national des compétences en matière d’éducation à l’environnement qui se prête facilement à l’adaptation à chaque contexte éducatif. Bien que ces nouvelles mesures se heurtent à l’inertie d’un système scolaire régi par une logique disciplinaire et concurrentielle, les initiatives des autorités éducatives locales et des établissements scolaires créent une dynamique positive.
Tensions et transformations dans le système éducatif agricole en France
Authors: Asloum Nina
Published: May 2024

Le changement climatique, la sécurité alimentaire, la biodiversité et la gestion des ressources naturelles sont devenus des préoccupations mondiales. L’enseignement agricole, ancré dans le contexte économique, sociétal et environnemental auquel il doit s’adapter en permanence, est une composante essentielle du système d’innovation agricole depuis les années 1960. Il est considéré comme un acteur clé du changement de modèle professionnel et de la transition vers de nouveaux métiers ruraux. Pour relever ces défis, les contenus des formations sont régulièrement rénovés. Cet article explore l’évolution des curriculums en examinant qualitativement comment les diplômes du brevet de technicien supérieur agricole et du baccalauréat technique et professionnel prennent en compte les questions environnementales.
Effect of Fiber Orientation and Matrix Type on Machining Behavior and Structural Integrity of Glass and Basalt Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites
Authors: El Bahaoui Jalal , Chairi Mohamed , Di Bella Guido , Borsellino Chiara , Favaloro Federica
Published: May 2024

The marine industry is adopting composite materials with a polymer matrix for shipbuilding due to new technologies and high-performance expectations. However, selecting the right material is challenging, especially considering the machining behavior required for manufacturing cylindrical composite structures. This study focused on evaluating the turning operation and mechanical properties of composites made of glass and basalt fibers with a polymer matrix specifically for maritime construction. The composites consisted of two fabric types, six layers, and two fiber orientation lay-ups, using vinyl ester resin and polyester as the matrix. Test specimens were machined and analyzed, revealing that the hardness and mechanical properties had an impact on the machining process. Glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) samples were successfully machined, resulting in well-formed and undamaged FRP bars. In contrast, basalt fiber reinforced polymer (BFRP) specimens faced difficulties during machining, with matrix splitting, interfacial delamination, fiber ripping.
Machine Learning-Integrated Sustainable Engineering and Energy Systems
Authors: Prasad M. Sarat Chandra , Dhanalakshmi M. , Mohan M. , Somasundaram B. , Valarmathi R. , Boopathi Sampath
Published: May 2024

Machine learning (ML) has revolutionized various fields, including engineering, energy systems, and sustainability. This abstract explores the synergies between ML and these domains, focusing on its optimization in predictive maintenance, energy consumption efficiency, and smart grids. ML's role in renewable energy forecasting, building energy management, and materials science is also explored. It also highlights its impact on supply chain optimization, environmental monitoring, and sustainability assessments. The holistic approach extends to smart city initiatives and infrastructure development, paving the way for intelligent urban planning. ML enhances decision-making processes, enabling more resilient, efficient, and sustainable practices in engineering and energy systems. This exploration serves as a beacon for researchers, practitioners, and policymakers seeking innovative solutions at the intersection of ML, engineering, and sustainability.
Circular Economy Digital Practices for Ethical Dimensions and Policies for Digital Waste Management
Authors: Vijaya Lakshmi V. , Mishra Manoj , Kushwah Jitendra Singh , Shajahan Umaya Salma , Mohanasundari M. , Boopathi Sampath
Published: May 2024

Digital technology has revolutionized our lives, but it also presents a growing challenge: digital waste. This issue involves electronic, data, and obsolete devices, causing significant environmental and social consequences. To tackle this, a multi-faceted approach is needed, including ethical considerations, policy interventions, technological innovations, and consumer behavior change. Ethical frameworks, strengthened regulatory frameworks, eco-design, producer responsibility, and circular economy principles are essential. Industry best practices and technological innovations can reduce digital waste, while consumer education and behavior change initiatives encourage informed digital habits. Sustainable digital practices require a concerted effort from all stakeholders.
Next Generation Materials for Sustainable Development
Authors: Bhutani Vijay , Bahadur Preeti Singh , Sansaniwal Sunil Kumar
Published: May 2024

In a rapidly evolving world, sustainability has emerged as a central focus, and the exploration of next-generation materials for sustainable development and engineering has become a pivotal endeavour. The exploration of next-generation materials for sustainable development and engineering is a vital pursuit in our quest for a more sustainable future. This book chapter delves into the critical era of “Next Generation Materials for Sustainable Development or Sustainable Engineering.” providing an in-depth examination of the evolution of materials, their characteristics, benefits, challenges, and innovative applications across various industries.
Examining and Visualizing the Effects of Pedagogical Agents on Learning Outcomes
Authors: Lou Lingling , Yang Song
Published: May 2024

While there has been a growing interest in the use of animated, interactive, and embodied agents in education, there is a lack of comprehensive understanding of their impact on learning outcomes. To comprehensively examine their impact on learning outcomes, this study utilized VOSviewer and CitNetExplorer for a bibliometric analysis, examining the research trends in the field of pedagogical agents for learning. The top 10 cited authors, sources, organizations, and countries in this field were identified. The findings indicate that animated, interactive, and embodied pedagogical agents may enhance learning outcomes. Furthermore, ethnicity and prior knowledge are significant factors in influencing learning outcomes. The integration of image, audio, visuals, and narration within these agents can positively impact learning outcomes, creating a more immersive and engaging learning experience. The ethical and social implications of pedagogical agents cannot be overlooked in the future research.
Current Burden of Atopic Dermatitis in India: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: De Abhishek , Karekar Sonali , Adhav Charles
Published: May 2024

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common chronic dermatological condition affecting ~10% of adults and ~20% of the paediatric population in high-income countries. There is a lack of comprehensive understanding of the disease burden of AD in India. In this systematic review, the primary objective was to review epidemiological data on AD in India based on articles published between 2011 and 2021. The secondary objective was to assess the disease burden from economic and quality of life (QoL) perspectives. A literature search was conducted using the PubMed and Google Scholar databases using predefined search strings. Relevant studies published in English on AD between 2011 and 2021 were included. This review included 11 articles, of which nine reported demographic and clinical characteristics. The reported prevalence ranged from 3.1% to 7.21% among the paediatric population, up to 16 years of age. The prevalence of AD ranged from 0.98% to 9.2% in studies including paediatric and adult patients. The cost of medications was reported to be the major contributor to the economic burden associated with AD. Mental illnesses such as depression and anxiety were frequently reported in association with AD. Although AD is a common disorder affecting all age groups, there is a lack of substantial epidemiological data. None of the current studies covers the entire country. Hence, studies with a wider geographic scope covering all aspects of disease burden are required to help clinicians and policymakers to understand the disease burden and devise appropriate preventive and management strategies.
Dupilumab-Associated Sezary Syndrome
Authors: Hamp Austin , Hanson Jamie , Alhatem Albert , Schwartz Robert A.
Published: May 2024

Dupilumab is a monoclonal antibody that inhibits interleukin-4 (IL-4) and interleukin-13 (IL-13), approved for the treatment of adults with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis (AD). While recent reports have described cases of new-onset mycosis fungoides (MF) following treatment with dupilumab for AD, to our knowledge only one patient has been delineated with the progression to SS. We present an additional case of a patient who was diagnosed with SS following treatment with dupilumab for adult-onset AD and asthma. We examine SS as a possible side effect of dupilumab while also discussing management and theories to explain this phenomenon.
Early-Stage Pilomatricoma with Cystic Features
Authors: Sung Kunyong , Jeong Chanho , Lee Seungkoo , Lee Sang-Yeul
Published: May 2024

A conventional pilomatricoma presents as an asymptomatic, firm, subcutaneous nodule, commonly in the head, neck, and extremities of the paediatric population. However, its variants show diverse clinical features, which often pose a diagnostic challenge to clinicians. We recently treated an unusual case of pilomatricoma with cystic features in the upper chest of a 9-year-old girl, which manifested as a single solid tumour floating in a serous-filled sac formed by thick fibrous tissue. Herein, we present novel clinicopathological features of an early-stage pilomatricoma that should be clinically differentiated from a cutaneous abscess.
Stevens–Johnson Syndrome and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis
Authors: Kaimal Sowmya , Lobo Carol , Narayan Girish , Augustine Mary
Published: May 2024

Background:

Stevens–Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) are some of the less common cutaneous adverse drug reactions with significant mortality.

Objectives:

This study was undertaken with the objective of studying the demographics and clinical profile of SJS/TEN and identifying parameters associated with mortality.

Materials and Methods:

All patients with SJS/TEN over 10 years (2010–2020) were included in the study. Data obtained from in-patient and out-patient records were analysed.

Results:

A total of 82 patients with SJS/TEN were admitted to our centre over a period of 10 years. Patients with SJS were significantly younger than those with TEN, with a male: female ratio >1 in SJS and <1 in TEN. The most commonly implicated drugs were antiepileptics (n = 29, 35.4%), antibiotics (n = 20, 24.4%). and Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) (n = 7, 8.5%). The mortality rate in the TEN group was 16% (n = 8). Certain factors such as cutaneous lesions preceding mucosal lesions at onset, high mean Body surface area (BSA) of denudation and a transfer to intensive care unit (ICU) more than 7 days after admission were significantly associated with higher mortality. There was no difference between survivors and deaths in terms of delay in hospitalisation, total disease duration, implicated drug, delay in initiation of therapy, the onset of re-epithelialisation, Severity-of-illness score for TEN (SCORTEN) and total duration of hospital stay.

Conclusion:

Factors significantly associated with increased mortality in TEN were cutaneous onset of lesions, mean BSA of involvement and transfer to the intensive care unit (ICU) beyond day 7 of admission.
The Changing Trend of Syphilis
Authors: Gupta Mudita , Verma Ghanshyam K. , Sharma Rajni , Sankhyan Manish , Rattan Renu , Negi Ajeet Kumar
Published: May 2024

Background:

Syphilis is a treatable bacterial infection caused by Treponema pallidum. There has been a change in incidence of syphilis in various nations over the years.

Aim:

To study the epidemiological trends, demographic profile, high-risk behaviour, clinical pattern, and stage of syphilis over the last ten years in patients presenting to an STD clinic in a tertiary care hospital.

Material and Methods:

This was a retrospective observational study over ten years. Records of all confirmed syphilis cases were analysed in relation to demography and clinical profile.

Results:

There were a total of 3,110 STD patients among whom 31 cases (accounting for 0.99%) of confirmed syphilis were seen. There was a significant increase in cases in the last five years of study, especially in the last year. An increase in primary (PS) and secondary syphilis (SS) was observed. Males outnumbered females (3:1). Mean age of patients was 35.0 ± 11.53 years. Professionals were most common (22.6%) having syphilis followed by farmers (19.35%). A significant proportion (45.1%) of our patients were at least graduates. Unprotected sex was seen in all the patients followed by extramarital/premarital sex (71.35%). There were 16.12% of cases who had a history of paid sex and 9.7% were homosexuals. SS and latent syphilis were more common (38.7% each) than PS (19.35%). In PS single chancre and in SS truncal asymptomatic rash was the commonest clinical presentation. Limitation: Single-centre study, including only self-reported patients leading to a small sample size, is the major limitation of the study.

Conclusion:

The increased trend of primary and secondary syphilis in recent years highlights that there is a risk of an impending epidemic.
Higher Serum Vitamin D Levels have a Positive Association with the Incidence of Recidivans Form of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis; A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Razmyar Mohammad , Yazdanpanah Mohammad J. , Mashayekhi-Goyonlo Vahid , Khajedaluee Mohammad , Sharifan Payam , Dadgarmoghaddam Maliheh , Ferns Gordon , Ghayour-Mobarhan Majid
Published: May 2024

Background:

Several manifestations of cutaneous leishmaniasis are related to the host's immune system and the species of parasite.

Objective:

There have been some studies on the relationship between vitamin D statuses in infectious diseases including cutaneous leishmaniasis. However, the results of these studies have been inconsistent.

Materials and Methods:

In this cross-sectional study, 147 patients with leishmaniasis were recruited and divided into the following categories: acute cutaneous leishmaniasis (<1 year) (n = 51), chronic cutaneous leishmaniasis (more than 1 year) (n = 26), and leishmaniasis recidivans (the appearance of new papular lesions around a previous scar) (n = 20), and a group of participants without leishmaniasis (n = 50), as a control group. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH) D] level was analyzed.

Result:

There were significant differences in serum 25(OH) D between the groups with acute or chronic leishmaniasis and those with recidivans leishmaniasis (P = 0.013 and P = 0.022, respectively). The median serum level of vitamin D in the acute group was 13.7 ng/mL, in the chronic group was 16.05 ng/mL, in the recidivans group was 21.75 ng/mL, and in the control group was 17.97 ng/mL.

Conclusion:

Higher serum concentrations of 25(OH) vitamin D levels being associated with leishmaniasis recidivans.
The Effect of Transplantation of Cultured Autologous Melanocytes on CXCL9, CXCL10 and CXCL11 Expressions in Vitiligo
Authors: Xu Chen , Lei Zixian , Wang Li , Wang Hongjuan , Hu Wen , Hairuola Halina , Kang Xiaojing
Published: May 2024

Background:

Vitiligo is an acquired chronic autoimmune skin disorder with an estimated prevalence of 1% worldwide. The CD8+ T-cell-mediated chemokines such as CXCR3, CXCL9 and CXCL10 are the non-specific action immunomodulators that are responsible for the depigmentation and progression in vitiligo.

Aim:

This study aimed to explore the expression levels of serum CXCL9-11 in vitiligo patients who received the transplantation of cultured autologous melanocytes (TCAMs) before and after the operation and correlate their expressions with clinical stage, subtype and course of the vitiligo disease.

Materials and Methods:

The expression levels of serum CXCL9-11 were measured in the peripheral blood of 26 progressive vitiligo patients, 24 stable vitiligo, 13 TCAM patients and 30 healthy control (HC) cases using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The potential correlations between their expressions and disease features such as stage, type and surgical treatment were evaluated using Student's t-test.

Results:

The expression levels of serum CXCL9-11 increased by ~1.4, ~1.6 and ~2.3-fold in vitiligo patients compared with HCs (P < 0.01). The expression levels of all chemokines were significantly higher in progressive vitiligo patients than in stable vitiligo (P < 0.01). The increasing expression levels of serum CXCL9, CXCL10 and CXCL11 were significantly related to the different types of vitiligo patients (P < 0.05). Preoperative expression levels of serum CXCL9-11 were significantly higher than the post-operative expression levels (P < 0.01).

Conclusion:

Our results demonstrate that increasing expression levels of the CXC family play a key role in the immunopathogenesis of vitiligo. The abnormal expression of the CXC family may be considered an effective and therapeutic target for TCAM treatment.
A Clinical-Mycological Study of Dermatophytosis in Western India with Focus on Antifungal Drug Resistance as a Factor in Recalcitrance
Authors: Shah Shikha R. , Vyas Harshita R. , Shah Bela J. , Jangid Neha C. , Choudhary Ankita , Gehlawat Tarun , Mistry Deval , Joshi Rutu
Published: May 2024

Background:

Dermatophytosis have assumed epidemic proportions in India. Antifungal drug resistance solely cannot explain disease magnitude and changing epidemiology.

Objectives:

Aim of this study was to analyse clinical-mycological aspects of dermatophytosis, and estimate contribution of drug resistance in clinical recalcitrance.

Methods:

This single-centre observational, cross-sectional, descriptive study was done in tertiary centre of western India after ethical approval, enrolling dermatophytosis patients of all ages and sex. After history and examination, KOH mount and culture in modified SDA medium was done. Culture positive isolates were subjected to E-strip antifungal susceptibility method to test MIC for Terbinafine, Itraconazole, Fluconazole and Griseofulvin.

Results:

Total 300 patients were included, with mean age of 33.83±27.5 years and male-to-female ratio of 1.22:1; tinea corporis et cruris being commonest, 39.33% (n=118). Only 11.67% (n=35) were treatment naïve, having classical annular morphology. History of topical steroid abuse was found in 81.67% (n=245), with pseudoimbricate lesions in 70.61% (n=173). 86.67% (n=260) had KOH positivity while 83.33% (n=250) had culture positivity: Trichophyton mentagrophytes 45.6% (n=114), followed by Trichophyton rubrum in 34.4% (n=86). A total of 265 patients fit into definition of recalcitrance, from which 12.45%, i.e., 33 isolates showed in-vitro fluconazole resistance. 14.33% (n=43) cases were chronic, 37% (n=111) persistent, 46% (n=138) recurrent while 17% (n=51) had relapse in their disease course. Steroid abuse was the commonest denominator.

Conclusion:

Role of antifungal resistance in recalcitrant dermatophytosis remains debatable. Stopping steroid abuse, which is often the commonest culprit, with adherence to standard antifungal therapy remains the paradigm in management.
Assessment of Antimicrobial Efficacy of Triphala, Neem, and Chlorhexidine Root Canal Irrigants
Authors: Mohanty Saumyakanta , Nanda Soumyaranjan , Das Abhaya Chandra , Sahoo Nihar Ranjan , Sahany Subrat Kumar , Panda Saurav , Sahoo Rashmita
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Complete eradication of microorganisms from the root canal and three-dimensional obturation of the canal space are necessary for a successful root canal therapy. In root canal failures, Enterococcus faecalis is the most often detected bacterium. Microorganisms can be eliminated with the aid of chemical irrigation.

Objectives:

The current research was conducted to evaluate the antimicrobial effect of triphala, neem, and chlorhexidine root canal irrigants.

Materials and Method:

Mueller-Hinton agar plates were inoculated with the E. faecalis (ATCC) bacterial culture after it had been cultured overnight in brain heart infusion (BHI) broth. Agar well diffusion was used to measure antibacterial inhibition. After being introduced to their appropriate wells in agar plates, the three research irrigants were incubated for 24 hours at 37°C. Every well’s bacterial inhibition zone was noted. After tabulating the results, statistical analysis was done.

Result:

When triphala and A. indica extract (neem) were added to chlorhexidine, the highest inhibitory zone against E. faecalis was observed.

Conclusion:

The herbal remedy triphala and the extract from A. indica exhibited an inhibitory zone when tested against E. faecalis. As a result, these irrigants might be utilized as a substitute for root canal irrigants.
Evaluation of Ocular Complications in Intraoral Local Anesthesia
Authors: Sandhu Rameet , Sikarwar Vikas , Ojha Sushil , Upadhyay Dushyant , Singh Anshdeep , Sharma Shweta
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

The most significant medications in dentistry are local anesthetics, and intraoral local anesthesia is arguably the most used dental procedure. However, complications have also been reported.

Aim:

Evaluation of ocular complications in intraoral anesthesia.

Materials and Methods:

It was a prospective study involving 2,400 patients undergoing different dental procedures that were performed under intraoral local anesthesia over a 12-month period. There was a thorough ocular evaluation of all patients by ophthalmologist before and after the administration of intraoral local anesthesia.

Results:

There were different types of ocular complications reported including accommodation disturbance, amaurosis, diplopia, enophthalmos, miosis, mydriasis, ophthalmoplegia, and ptosis. The most common ocular complication was diplopia contributing 40.1% of all ocular complications. It was followed by ptosis (16.9%), mydriasis (14.9%), and amaourosis (13.2%).

Conclusion:

The most common ocular complication in intraoral local anesthesia was diplopia.
Evaluation of Correlation Between Development of Multiple Cracks in Nonendodontically Treated Tooth and Placement of Dental Implants with Prosthesis
Authors: Sandhu Rameet , Gandhi Pankaj , Joshi Ankur , Mahar Vertika , Singh Gaurav , Grover Sheetal
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

The result of increased occlusal stresses might be fractures in the teeth. It is still unclear how possible risk factors may affect the occurrence of tooth cracks after dental implants with prostheses in nonendodontically restored teeth.

Aim:

To evaluate the correlation of dental implants with prostheses as a risk factor for the development of cracks in teeth restored nonendodontically.

Materials and Methods:

Records of 414 patients with 570 teeth who underwent tooth restoration nonendodontically were obtained. The data was obtained regarding the number of implants with prostheses placed before the diagnosis of cracks in nonendodontically treated teeth, the time interval between placement of dental implants, and appearance of cracks in teeth, location of dental implants with respect to cracked tooth.

Results:

Cracks in tooth was observed in 160 teeth out of 570 teeth evaluated (28.07%) and 144 patients out of 414 patients (34.78%). It was observed that out of 160 teeth with cracks, 66 teeth (41.25%) had cracks after placement of dental implants with prosthesis.

Conclusion:

Placement of a dental implant with a prosthesis can be a risk factor for appearing cracks in teeth treated nonendodontically.
Psychophysical and cognitive adverse effects of smart phones overuse on children and adolescent
Authors: Muhammed Noorjan Abdullah , Taha Mufeed Akram
Published: May 2024

Background:

The excessive use of smartphones is seen as a source of child and adolescent violence and probably impacts cognitive function. As the world of mobile phones are continuously evolving, the violence factor is an endless argument. Smart mobile can cause problems other than violence which might be physical, cognitive, or psychological.

Objectives:

The study aims to clarify the dangers of smartphones overuse on psychophysical and cognitive function.

Materials and Methods:

A prospective follow-up study was conducted that included 100 children. A convenient sample of participants and their parents were interviewed directly and were asked about their children’s smart phones habit, causes of cellular phone overuse, school performance. Participants behavior was assessed by Modified overt aggression scale, whereas cognitive function by Montreal Cognitive Assessment test was done in 1, 6, and 12 months interval.

Results:

50% of participants used smartphones for more than 3 hours per day, as well as most of the cases who used smartphones for a longer duration were children (25%) as compared to other age groups, children used smartphones mainly for violent and nonviolent games than in social applications, excessive mobile phone usage for more than 3 hours daily associated with significant health problems like neck pain (68%), headache (52.1%), eye tearing (51%), sleep problems (47.6%), and backache (47.1%). Children and adolescents who used smartphones for less than 1 hour daily show an increment in their scores, whereas those who used smartphones for more than 1 hour daily gradually decreased their scores with the time used.

Conclusion:

Smartphone overuse had a significant impact on behavior, school performance, and cognitive function.
Detection of new single nucleotide polymorphisms in plasma cells carcinoma (myeloma) by polymerase chain reaction–single strand conformation polymorphism and sequencing technical methods
Authors: Obayes Sarah K , Enayah Sabah H , Al-Oubaidy Shaimaa A , Ghaleb Rana A
Published: May 2024

Background:

MicroRNA (miRNA) is a short, single-stranded, non-coding sequence of RNA that does not translate into proteins. Because of their ability to control gene expression, recent studies have shown that these short, non-coding sequences play an important role in cancer. So that, detection the polymorphisms or variants in miRNA genes may help to identify their correlation to cancer susceptibility.

Objectives:

Study the polymorphisms in miRNA genes or variants miRNA genes and their correlation with myeloma disease.

Materials and Methods:

Twenty samples were collected from people who visited Marjan Hospital in Province of Babylon, Iraq, from February to July 2022. In addition, 20 samples from healthy people were collected as control. Genotyping of miRNA was accomplished using the polymorphism techniques of polymerase chain reaction and single strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP). DNA sequencing was also applied to categorize all the ranges of SSCP models detected using only gel imaging.

Results:

The genotypes obtained in this experiment verified that several single nucleotide polymorphisms were obtained between 5-band and 6-band miRNA National center for biotechnology information Primer3 plus reference.

Conclusion:

The results explain that the miRNA gene polymorphisms may have correlation with the susceptibility to myeloma disease.
Detection of uterine abnormalities using three-dimensional vaginal ultrasound in infertile women undergoing assisted reproductive techniques
Authors: Hussaini Huda Ali , Gatea Asmaa Kadhim , Al-Shaikh Suhaila F
Published: May 2024

Background:

Uterine shape and cavity abnormalities form a common cause of subfertility, for which thorough assessment is considered as a core part in infertility evaluation. A variety of modalities (invasive and none invasive) such as hysterosalpingography, transvaginal sonography, diagnostic hysteroscopy, two-dimensional hysterosonography, and three-dimensional hysterosonography can be used for the diagnosis of uterine abnormalities.

Objectives:

To address the detection rate of uterine and endometrial abnormalities in infertile women undergoing assisted reproductive techniques (ART) using three-dimensional vaginal ultrasonography.

Materials and Methods:

A cross-sectional observational study that involved 211 subfertile women who were arranged to undergo ART for different causes of infertility. After taking their verbal consent for participation in this study, all women examined by 2D vaginal U/S for initial assessment of their pelvic anatomy then followed by three-dimensional U/S with or without saline infusion for further assessment of the uterine and endometrial cavity morphology. Women with ultrasound detected endometrial abnormalities further underwent hysteroscopic assessment, histopathological specimens were taken and were treated as recommended by their gynecologist.

Results:

Twenty-two percent of the studied group discovered to have uterine and/or endometrial abnormalities including endometrial polyps and uterine myomas are the most commonly detected abnormalities while congenital uterine malformation detected in 3.8% of the total patients using three-dimensional ultrasonography.

Conclusion:

Uterine and endometrial abnormalities are common in subfertile patients, the prevalence of uterine and endometrial abnormalities (endometrial polyps or irregularities, uterine myomas including submucous one) was 22%, whereas congenitally maldeveloped uteri were detected in 3.8% of women undergoing ART (using 3D U/S) which may have a negative impact on ART outcome.
Surface Properties of Shot-Peened and Plasma Sprayed Powder-Coated
Alpha-Beta Titanium Alloy Implants
Authors: Balasubramanian K. , Bragadeesvaran S. R. , Raja R. , Jannet Sabitha
Published: May 2024

The paramount importance of titanium alloy in implant materials stems from its
exceptional qualities, yet the optimization of bone integration and mitigation
of wear and corrosion necessitate advanced technologies. Consequently, there has
been a surge in research efforts focusing on surface modification of
biomaterials to meet these challenges. This project is dedicated to enhancing
the surface of titanium alloys by employing shot peening and powder coatings of
titanium oxide and zinc oxide. Comparative analyses were meticulously conducted
on the mechanical and wear properties of both treated and untreated specimens,
ensuring uniformity in pressure, distance, and time parameters across all
experiments. The outcomes underscore the efficacy of both methods in modifying
the surface of the titanium alloy, leading to substantial alterations in surface
properties. Notably, the treated alloy exhibited an impressive nearly 12%
increase in surface hardness compared to its untreated counterpart. Moreover,
the study elucidated significant reductions in the coefficient of friction for
the treated specimens—both shot-peened (0.11) and powder-coated (0.12)—in
contrast to the untreated specimen with a maximum coefficient of friction of
0.15. These findings highlight the potential of shot peening and coating
techniques to enhance the tribological properties of titanium alloys, crucial
for implant applications. The investigation delves into elucidating the likely
mechanisms underlying the surface attribute development facilitated by shot
peening and coating processes. By emphasizing their transformative impact on the
properties of titanium alloy, the study sheds light on avenues for improving
implant materials, thus advancing the field of biomaterials and contributing to
enhanced patient outcomes in medical implantation procedures.
When words become difficult: a critical reflection of the ‘MeBox’ method in understanding senior travellers’ responses to loss
Authors: Ramanayake Uditha , Cockburn-Wootten Cheryl , McIntosh Alison
Published: May 2024

Multiple dimensions of our experiences such as visual, embodied and sensory experiences cannot always be easily expressed in words. Traditional qualitative methods may struggle to access these deep-rooted complex and emotional aspects. Tourism scholars have called for innovative methodologies to unravel layers of diverse meaning in phenomena. This article critically reflects on a visual tool called the ‘MeBox’. It was adopted in our study to explore senior travellers’ responses to loss following a major life event. The ‘MeBox’ method enabled participants to express embedded and tacit knowledge to reflect on their lived experiences. We critically review the ‘MeBox’ methodology, and provide practical learnings for scholars who may want to adopt this method as a means to understand lived experiences that are difficult to express in words.
Yield and fruit quality traits of rambutan cultivars grafted onto three rootstocks and grown in a Mollisol soil in Puerto Rico
Authors: Goenaga Ricardo , Marrero Angel
Published: May 2024

With increasing ethnic diversity and demand for healthy and more varied foods, globalization has opened a window of opportunity for new tropical fruits, including rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum), to be offered to consumers in the Western Hemisphere. The lack of formal experimentation on rambutan performance using various scion/rootstock combinations prompted a study, conducted in Santa Isabel, Puerto Rico, using a randomized complete block design to assess the yield and fruit quality of three cultivars (‘Gula Batu’, ‘Jitlee’, ‘R-162’) when grafted onto three different rootstocks (‘Binjai’, ‘Gula Batu’, ‘R-134’) in an alkaline Mollisol soil. From 2011 to 2015, there was an increase in the number and yield of fruit for cultivar/rootstock treatments. Regardless of rootstock, ‘R-162’ and ‘Jitlee’ had a higher number of fruit and yield than ‘Gula Batu’. The cultivars produced significantly more fruit and had significantly higher yields when ‘Gula Batu’ was used as a rootstock. Cultivar/rootstock treatments did not have a significant effect on individual fruit weight which averaged 32 g. Cultivar ‘R-162’ grafted onto ‘Gula Batu’ had a higher concentration of soluble solids, but it was not significantly different than the rest of the treatments except for ‘Gula Batu’ grafted onto ‘Binjai’ and ‘Gula Batu’ grafted onto ‘R-134’, which had significantly lower soluble solids concentration. Individual fruit weight and rind weight did not vary among cultivar/rootstock treatments, and pulp weight varied very little. Seed weight differences were mainly associated with cultivar ‘Gula Batu’. This study confirms previous work by the author showing ‘R-162’ as a highly productive cultivar and, for the first time, shows that ‘Gula Batu’ is a superior rootstock, performing very well under alkaline soil conditions.
The ‘Introduction’ as Translation: A Critical Study of William Radice’s ‘Introduction’ to Gitanjali (2011)
Authors: Sahaji Azhar Uddin
Published: May 2024

An introduction to a translation is a necessary part of modern (literary) translation practice. Without a proper introduction, translations cannot be understood clearly. Introduction is necessary when a text is rendered into another language, time and space and moreover to a different culture to make the target readers understand the context. But at the same time, introductions can also problematize a translation. It could violate, mutilate, and deviate from the original text before the actual translation is done i.e., the text. It could change the ‘discourse’ which is there in the original text. The proposed research paper questions the role and significance of an introduction to a translated text. The paper primarily looks at the long introduction by William Radice in his translation of Gitanjali (2011) in reference to two other introductions---one by W. B. Yeats in Song Offerings (1912) and Tagore’s own (rather a ‘foreword’) in the Bangla original Gitanjali in 1911 and compares and analyzes them to understand the role an introduction plays in a translation.
Navigating the Dialogic Tensions and Self-Contradictions as a Bilingual Researcher
Authors: Yeom Eun Young
Published: May 2024

This autoethnography delineates how, I, as a bilingual researcher proficient in Korean and English, negotiated the tensions between conforming to English-only academic writing norms for survival in academia and embracing translingual writing practices during the composition of my dissertation. Based on the salient themes and repeating experiences that I penned in analytic memos, field notes and diaries, I meticulously rearranged the thoughts and emotions, weaving them into stream-of-consciousness-style narratives. Through this method, I aimed to vividly portray the inevitable tensions that might be experienced by numerous bilingual researchers speaking English as a second language. This autoethnography particularly portrays the troubles of conveying intricate cultural nuances when translating my research partners’ Korean responses into English. Also, I detail the process of how I negotiated the dilemmas between artistic translingual writing and writing solely in English for a broader readership. Such detailing processes eventually prompted me to contemplate whether I truly embodied the transformative linguistic practices that I kept advocating for in my research projects. This autoethnography, although entailing vulnerability, ultimately underscores the significance of practicing self-reflexivity through crafting authentic and vivid narratives.
KEPATUHAN DIET PADA PASIEN PENDERITA DIABETES MELLITUS DI RUMAH SAKIT BALIMBINGAN
Authors: Sitopu Selli Dosriani , Diansa Tika , Saragih Rosita
Published: May 2024

Diabetes merupakan suatu kondisi terjadinya kenaikan kadar gula didalam darah karena tubuh tidak dapat menghasilkan atau ketidak mampuantubuh menggunakan insulin untuk merubah gula dalam darah. Diet merupakan terapi utama pada penderita diabetes mellitus untuk mencegah terjadi komplikasi, akutmau pun kronis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan Kepatuhan Pelaksanaan Diet pada Penderita DM di Rumah Sakit Balimbingan. Desain penelitian ini adalah deskriptif  yaitu menggambarkan  kepatuhan pelaksanaan diet Diabetes Mellitus di Rumah Sakit Balimbingan dengan mengamati data-data sampel satu kali saja (cross sectional).Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Rumah Sakit Balimbingan. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh pasien dengan diagnose Diabetes Melitus, besarsampel ditentukan berdasarkan  rata-rata jumlah pasien perbulan yaitu sebesar  44 orang. Teknik pengambilan sampel accidental sampling, temuan penelitian disajikan dalam distribusi frekuensi yaitu mayoritas usia 40-55 tahun yaitu 31 orang (70,5%), jenis kelamin perempuan sebanyak 28 orang (63,6%), pendidikan SD yaitu 29 orang (65,9%), status perkawinan menikah yaitu 39 orang (88,6%), Pekerjaanmayoritasibu rumah tangga yaitu 20 orang (45,5%).Kepatuhanpelaksanaan Diet DM mayoritaskategori patuh sebanyak 32 (72.5%). Kepatuhan pelaksanaan Diet DM dapat mencegah komplika siakut maupun kronis. Diharapakan Rumah Sakit Balimbingan memberikan edukasi kepada pasiendan keluarga berupa leaflet,  brosur  yang  berisitentang diet DM yang dapat dibagikan kepada pasien untuk dibawa pulang.
IMPLEMENTASI PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS HOTS GUNA MENINGKATKAN SEMANGAT BELAJAR	SISWA DI SMK NEGERI 1 LAHUSA, KABUPATEN NIAS SELATAN
Authors: Telaumbanua Serli Susanti , Purba Raja Singa Leo , Halawa Yulianus
Published: May 2024

Pembelajaran berbasis HOTS merupakan tantangan dunia pendiidikan pada saat ini, yang tuntutan kemampuan bagi para pendidik. Dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan sejauh mana dampakkemampuan belajar siswa dengan penerapan pembelajaran berbasis HOTS pada siswa SMK Negeri 1 Lahusa. Pembelajaran  HOTS  merupakan cara untuk merangsang  kemampuan siswa dalam   berpikir kritis,  logis,  reflektif, metakognitif, kreatif dan berpikir  tingkat  tinggi. Dalam penelitian ini, peneliti akan memadukan model Pembelajaran Berbasis Masalah (PBL)  dengan materi HOTS dalam meningkatkan capaian pembelajaran khususnya pada materi Kegiatan Ekonomi.
AN ANALYSIS OF FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE IN IMAGINE DRAGONS' SELECTED SONG LYRICS
Authors: Waruwu Deslina , Gea Putri Arikan Onoda , Silitonga Andi Jaihutan
Published: May 2024

Artikel ini membahas Analisis Bahasa Kiasan dalam Lirik Lagu Pilihan Imagine Dragons'. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui jenis bahasa kiasan yang digunakan dalam lirik lagu pilihan Imagine Dragons, yang paling dominan dalam lirik lagu pilihan Imagine Dragons, dan alasan dari jenis bahasa kiasan yang paling dominan yang digunakan dalam lirik lagu pilihan Imagine Dragons. Tesis ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Data dari penelitian ini adalah bahasa kiasan yang ditemukan dalam lirik lagu Imagine Dragons. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah ada lima jenis bahasa kiasan yang ditemukan dalam lirik lagu Imagine Dragons, yaitu: hiperbola, metafora, personifikasi, simile, dan paradoks. Di mana total data terdiri dari 63 data dengan persentase 100%. Dari total data, hiperbola ditemukan 26 lirik yang persentasenya 41,27%, metafora ditemukan 13 lirik yang persentasenya 20,63%, personifikasi ditemukan 11 lirik yang persentasenya 17,46%, simile ditemukan 11 lirik yang persentasenya 17,46%, dan paradox ditemukan 2 lirik yang persentasenya 3,18%. Setelah menganalisis lirik lagu Imagine Dragons, penulis menyimpulkan bahwa jenis bahasa kiasan yang paling dominan adalah hiperbola (41,27% dari 100%). Dapat disimpulkan bahwa bahasa kiasan dapat di temukan dan dipelajari di dalam lirik lagu.