bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pancreatic Trauma
Authors: Firsova Victoria Glebovna
Published: July 2023

Traumatic pancreatic injuries are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The review analyses recent studies on epidemiology, classification, diagnosis and treatment of patients with pancreatic injury. Pancreatic injury in abdominal trauma is observed from 3% to 12% of cases, the overall mortality ranges from 0% to 31% and is largely determined by damage to other organs. The most widely accepted grading system for defining categories of pancreatic injuries is Organ Injury Scaling developed by the American Association for the Surgery of Trauma. A high index of suspicion is necessary for early diagnosis, since in the first hours after the injury clinical manifestations and laboratory parameters are not specific, and changes in the CT picture do not correlate to the severity of the injury in 20-40% of cases. Contrast-enhanced CT is the first-line diagnostic tool in hemodynamically stable patients. MRI with MRCP and ERCP is used to evaluate the integrity of the pancreatic duct. Nonoperative management is recommended for hemodynamically stable grade I and grade II pancreatic injuries. Patients with pancreatic duct injury require predominantly surgical treatment. The preferred type of surgery for grade III and more severe injuries (distal resection, drainage of the damaged area combined with endoscopic drainage and stenting, or organ-preserving surgery in the form of pancreaticojejunostomy, pancreaticogastrostomy) remains controversial. In case of pancreatic injury proximal to the venous confluence, drainage of the damaged area is the only fairly safe option for the patient, indications for pancreaticoduodenal resection are limited to concomitant injury of the bile duct, duodenum with involvement of the major duodenal papilla, massive bleeding from crushed tissues of the pancreatic head. Larger prospective studies are warranted for better management of patients with pancreatic trauma.
On the Establishment of a Nationally-Oriented, Sovereign System of Higher Education in the Russian Federation
Authors:   Professor of the Kikot Moscow University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Honored Worker of the Higher School, PhD (Sociology), Associate Professor, Zhevlakovich Sergey S.
Published: July 2023

Purpose: to analyze in a discussion form the current trends of the modern transformation of the higher education system of the Russian Federation. Methodology: in the process of writing the article, the following methods were used: analysis, synthesis,systematic approach, formal legal. Conclusions: the education system as a whole and the higher education system, including the most important strategic potential of our state. In modern conditions, we need a national system of vocational education that is focused not on the client, not on the qualified consumer, but on national interests and goals, which is able to provide all spheres of functioning of society and the state with personnel ready to give a worthy response to these challenges and threats. Scientific and practical significance: the conducted research makes it possible to draw attention to the conceptual foundations of the formation of the sovereign system of domestic higher education, including the current trends in the transformation of its regulatory legal regulation, as well as to critically assess some trends in modern educational policy.
Insurance Laws: A Comparative Analysis of Legislative Approaches
Authors:   Head of the Department of Commercial Law of the Saint Petersburg State University, LL.D., Professor, Popondopulo Vladimir F. , Petrov Dmitry A. ,   Professor of the Department of Commercial Law of the Saint Petersburg State University, LL.D., Associate Professor, Silina Elena V. ,   Professor of the Department of Civil Procedure Law of the Northwestern Branch of the Russian State University of Justice, LL.D., Associate Professor
Published: July 2023

Purpose: а comparative analysis of legislative approaches in the regulation of insurance activities in a number of countries has been carried out in order to possibly universalize such approaches. The subject of the study is the legislation regulating insurance activities. Methods: based on the application of general scientific formal-logical and system-functional methods, special methods of legal cognition of reality (formal-legal, comparative-legal, methods of grammatical, logical and systematic interpretation of legal norms), the analysis of legislative approaches in the regulation of insurance activity in a number of countries has been carried out, differences of such approaches have been identified and the need for their possible universalization has been substantiated. Results: significant country differences in legislative approaches to the regulatory regulation of insurance activities have been identified, on the basis of which some proposals have been made to universalize these approaches in order to improve national legislation regulating insurance activities. Scientific and practical significance: suggestions and recommendations can be used in the development of national legislative and other regulatory acts regulating insurance activities, taking into account the best national practices of such regulation.
Legitimacy of Law: Purpose and Value-Based Criteria
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Civil and Legal Disciplines of the Donbass Law Academy, PhD (Law), Zavgorodnyaya Anastasia A.
Published: July 2023

Purpose: it is noted that today the ratio of legitimacy and legality is the social regulator that determines the main issues in the theory of law, and the legitimation process itself is directly related to the legitimacy of the law-forming will and, as a result, the forms of law. The transformation of approaches to legal understanding has significantly influenced both approaches to the legitimacy of law and the criteria for determining the legitimacy of law. A special role is played by various methods of social and legal discourse, which are presented in a political aspect in a combination of various types of democracies. Issues of legitimacy are considered directly with such legal categories as the validity of law, recognition of law, justice in law. In this regard, it becomes necessary to consider the opinion that legitimacy is a fundamental characteristic of law and public authority. Hence, the recognized legal prescriptions, observed not under compulsion, become a positive regulator, the law is recognized (accepted), and its prescriptions are not perceived by the society as unusual, alien. Despite this, legislation a priori remains the main regulator of social relations (lawmaking is all focused on lawmaking, as a narrower phenomenon of legal reality), therefore the flexibility and pliability of the legislator is one of the important criteria for the legitimacy of law, the source of which is the state will and the form of which then becomes normative. Act. Methodology: general and particular scientific methods: logical, functional, formal-legal, synergetic; used such techniques as description, analysis, generalization, abstraction. Conclusions: the legitimacy of law cannot and should not be reduced to the effectiveness of law alone. The legitimacy of law must be realized through the absolute recognition and voluntary observance of legal norms through a balance of restrictions. Scientific and practical significance: the conducted research allows us to talk about legitimacy, exploring the problems of the validity of the legal norm. Thus, the reality, legitimacy of law in society is considered by the correspondence of the norms of law (emerging legal relations) to real needs and interests. Relations that have actually arisen must comply with legal requirements and be systematically observed, in turn, the requirements themselves must optimally reflect legitimate interests.
The Way towards the True Understanding of Law: Review of the Textbook: O.Yu. Rybakov. Philosophy of Law: Textbook for Masters. 2nd Edition, Revised and Enlarged. Moscow : Prospect, 2022. 320 p.
Authors:   Professor of the Department of Civil and Arbitral Procedure of the Samara State University of Economics, LL.D., Associate Professor, Lang Petr P.
Published: July 2023

The review reveals the main position of the educational publication, evaluates the material of the textbook and the author›s contribution to the development of the study of the discipline “Philosophy of Law”. Among other things, emphasis is placed on the importance of philosophical methodology in legal research. Attention is paid to the progressive development of philosophical and legal ideas in society, the modern interpretation of the subject of the philosophy of law through value and worldview foundations.
On the All-Russian Coordination Meeting of Heads of Dissertation Councils on Law and Political Science
Authors:   Assistant to Dean for Cooperation with State and Public Organizations of the Law Faculty of the Lomonosov Moscow State University (MSU), PhD (Law), Shengelia Gocha A.
Published: July 2023

The article reports on the All-Russian Coordinating Meeting of the Heads of Dissertation Councils in Law and Political Science, which took place on April 25, 2023 at the Kutafin Moscow State Law University (MSAL). The issues of transition to a new model of state scientific certification, scientific examination of dissertation research, improvement of the activities of dissertation councils, current requirements for the forms of approbation of the results of scientific research, etc. are considered.
Legal Praxiology: The Value-Based System of Coordinates
Authors:   Professor of the Department of Civil and Arbitral Procedure of the Samara State University of Economics, LL.D., Associate Professor, Lang Petr P. , Petrova Yana O. ,   State Tax Inspector of Inter-District Inspectorate No. 21 for Samara Region of the Federal Tax Service
Published: July 2023

Purpose. The authors attempt to analyze the axiological foundations of legal activity. The article examines the legal worldview from the point of view of the philosophy of law. The axiological and ideological foundations of legal activity are continuously connected with the constant change in public life caused by the digitalization of all forms and processes, the search and understanding of the role of law. Methodology: during the research, a comprehensive analysis was used, including historical-legal, formal-logical and comparative-legal methods. Conclusions. It is shown that the subjects of legal activity are faced with new concepts and phenomena that have not yet been scientifically analyzed, but already affect the legal system, creating numerous contradictions and socio-legal collisions. Scientific and practical significance. In the course of the analysis, it was found that legal values have regulatory significance, and legal norms acquire the meaning of values and become the object of evaluation. The results obtained indicate that the axiological methodology makes it possible to determine the values of legal activity, establishing not only the economic and social conditionalities of legal activity, but also the spiritual foundations that contribute to the derivation of its role in cultural and social development.
Hitting the High Points Will Not Do. On the Development of Generation Four Federal State Educational Standards of Higher Education
Authors:   Professor of the Kikot Moscow University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Honored Worker of the Higher School, PhD (Sociology), Associate Professor, Zhevlakovich Sergey S.
Published: July 2023

Purpose. To analyze the problem of reforming the structure of Russian higher education and the development in this regard the FSES of the fourth generation. Methodology: in the process of writing the following methods were used: analysis, synthesis, system approach, formal-legal. Conclusions. Reforming the system of Russian higher education requires not hasty, tumultuous actions, leading to another destructive dismantling of the existing system, which has a negative impact on the quality of education. Obviously, a preliminary experimental testing of different variants of its step-by-step improvement is necessary, the results of which are subject to an in-depth analysis. It is important to discuss the reform of the national education system not behind the scenes, but as part of a broad public discussion. Scientific and practical significance. The conducted study allows us to draw attention to the problem of Russian higher education reform and the search for a truly sovereign, nationally-oriented education system model.
Effect of Jet Nozzle Position on Mixing Time in Large Tanks
Authors: Oluwadero Timothy Ayodeji , Xuereb Catherine , Aubin Joelle , Poux Martine
Published: July 2023

The present investigation focuses on the impact of jet nozzle orientation on mixing time in a cylindrical tank. The aim is to identify nozzle positions that improve mixing performance and to elucidate the governing parameters that influence it. A water tank was employed for the experiment. The vertical inclination angle (α) and the horizontal inclination angle (β) of the jet nozzle determined the nozzle positions. Mixing time was determined using an inert tracer and spectrophotometry measurements. The findings show that the mixing time is significantly influenced by the position of the jet nozzle position. The accuracy of existing jet turbulence and the circulation models for the prediction of mixing time was evaluated for the different nozzle positions. Our results indicate that both models provide accurate predictions for the conventional centrally aligned (β = 0°), upward-pointing jet nozzle positions only (α > 0). For the other nozzle positions where β > 0° and at varying α, the data follow the same trends as the jet turbulence and circulation models, however, the proportionality constants vary. Shorter mixing times can be attributed principally to longer jet path lengths and therefore higher fluid entrainment and circulation, as well as higher dissipation rates per jet length squared. However, it is suspected that the 3-dimensional nature of the flow pattern generated in the tank also plays a non-negligible role since mixing is hindered when the nozzle points more towards the tank wall.
Microbial Biofertilizers in Plant Production and Resistance: A Review
Authors: Prisa Domenico , Fresco Roberto , Spagnuolo Damiano
Published: July 2023

In sustainable agriculture, plant nutrients are the most important elements. Biofertilizers introduce microorganisms that improve the soil nutrients and increase their accessibility to crops. In order to meet the demands of a growing population, healthy crops need to be produced using the right type of fertilizers to provide them with all the major nutrients they require. However, an increasing dependency on chemical fertilizers is destroying the environment and negatively af-fecting the health of humans. Thus, using microbes as bioinoculants as the best replacement of chemical fertilizers as eco-friendly way for plant growth and soil fertility is believed to be the best method for improving plant growth and soil fertility. In sustainable agriculture, these microbes provide significant benefits to crops. In addition to colonizing plant systems (epiphytic, endo-phytic, and rhizospheric), beneficial microbes play a key role in absorbing nutrients from surrounding ecosystems. Plant associate microbes can promote plant growth regardless of natural and extreme conditions. Plant growth promoting microbes promote plant growth through a variety of direct and indirect methods, such as nitrogen fixation, plant growth hormone production, siderophores, HCN, several hydrolytic enzymes, and potassium, zinc, and phosphorus solubilization. Research on biofertilizers has been extensive and even available, which demonstrates how these microbes can deliver nutrients to crops in sufficient quantities to enhance their yield. This review examines in detail the direct and indirect mechanisms of PGPR action and their interaction in plant growth and resistance.
Targeting EGFR/PI3K/AKT/mTOR Signaling in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Bang Jieun , Jun Mihyeon , Lee Soyun , Moon Hyuk , Ro Simon Weonsang
Published: July 2023

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) poses a significant global health concern, with its incidence steadily increasing. The development of HCC is a multifaceted, multi-step process involving alterations in various signaling cascades. In recent years, significant progress has been made in understanding the molecular signaling pathways that play central roles in hepatocarcinogenesis. In particular, the EGFR/PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway in HCC has garnered renewed attention from both basic and clinical researchers. Preclinical studies in vitro and in vivo have shown the effectiveness of targeting the key components of this signaling pathway in human HCC cells. Thus, targeting these signaling pathways with small molecule inhibitors holds promise as a potential therapeutic option for patients with HCC. In this review, we will explore recent advancements in understanding the role of the EGFR/PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway in HCC and assess the effectiveness of targeting this signaling cascade as a potential strategy for HCC therapy based on preclinical studies
VDUP1 Deficiency Promotes the Severity of DSS-Induced Colitis in Mice by Inducing Macrophage Infiltration
Authors: Park Ki Hwan , Lee Hyunju , Kim Hyoung-Chin , Choi Inpyo , Han Sang-Bae , Kang Jong Soon
Published: July 2023

The loss of vitamin D3 upregulated protein 1 (VDUP1) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of various inflammation-related diseases. Notably, reduced expression of VDUP1 has been observed in clinical specimens of ulcerative colitis (UC). However, the role of VDUP1 deficiency in colitis remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the role of VDUP1 in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced experimental colitis in mice. VDUP1-deficient mice were more susceptible to DSS-induced colitis than their wild-type (WT) littermates after 2% DSS administration. VDUP1-deficient mice exhibited an increased disease activity index (DAI) and histological scores, as well as significant colonic goblet cell loss and an increase in apoptotic cells. These changes were accompanied by a significant decrease in MUC2 mRNA expression and a marked increase in proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines within damaged tissues. Furthermore, phosphorylated NF-B p65 expression was significantly upregulated in damaged tissues in the context of VDUP1 deficiency. VDUP1 deficiency also led to significant infiltration of macrophages into the site of ulceration. An in vitro chemotaxis assay confirmed that VDUP1 deficiency enhanced bone marrow-derived macrophage (BMDM) chemotaxis induced by CCL2. Overall, the loss of VDUP1 plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of UC, and blocking VDUP1 dissociation may represent a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of UC.
Pathogenicity, Mycotoxin Production, Control of Potato Dry Rot Causing by Fusarium spp.
Authors: Xue Huali , Liu Qili , Yang Zhimin
Published: July 2023

Fusarium dry rot is one of the major postharvest potato diseases of during storage after harvest, which not only results in quality degradation but also brings up huge economic losses. The dis-ease can be elicited by some species of Fusarium, the pathogenic fungi of Fusarium causing potato dry rot are considerably diverse in various countries and regions. Fusarium spp. infection is as-sociated with dry rot produce mycotoxins, which has phytotoxicity and mycotoxicoses on hu-mans and animals. Chemical synthetic fungicide is considered as the main control measure to Fusarium dry rot of potato, nevertheless, it is unfortunate that the persistent application inevitably results in the emergency of resistant strain and environmental contamination. A comprehensive disease control strategy includes potato cultivar selection, appropriate cultural practices (crop rotation, cultivate pattern, fertilization, and irrigation), harvesting process and postharvest treatment (harvesting, classification, packaging, wound healing), storage condition (environ-mental disinfection, temperature, humidity and gas composition) along with the application of fungicide pre-harvest or postharvest. Recently, emerging studies indicated that eco-friendly strategies include physical control, chemical methods (such as the application of generally rec-ognized as safe (GRAS) compounds or chemical (elicitors) and biological control have been in-troduced to combat Fusarium dry rot of potato.
Bridge Healing: A New Model to Prevent Repeat “Social Admit” Visits to the Emergency Department and Help Break the Cycle of Homelessness in Canada
Authors: Robrigado Matthew , Zoric Igor , Sleet David A. , Francescutti Louis Hugo
Published: July 2023

Homelessness continues to be a pervasive public health problem throughout Canada. Hospital Emergency Departments (EDs) and inpatient wards have become a source of temporary care and shelter for homeless patients. Upon leaving the hospital, homeless patients are not more equipped than before to find permanent housing. The Bridge Healing Program in Edmonton, Alberta has emerged as a novel approach to addressing homelessness by providing transitional housing for those relying on repeated visits to the ED. This paper describes the three essential components to the Bridge Healing model: partnership between the ED and a Housing First community organization; facility design based on The Eden Alternative™ principles, and; grassroots community funding. This paper in conjunction with the current pilot project of the Bridge Healing facilities serves as a proof of concept for the model and can inform transitional housing approaches in other communities.
Discovery of Antimicrobial Peptides That Can Accelerate the Diagnostics of Slow-Growing Mycobacteria Including Mycobacterium Tuberculosis by Culture
Authors: Hilpert Kai , Munshi Tulika , López-Pérez Paula M. , Sequeira-Garcia Joana , Hofmann Sven , Bull Tim J.
Published: July 2023

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) can directly kill Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria, mycobacteria, fungi, enveloped viruses and parasites. At sublethal concentrations some AMPs and also conventional antibiotics can stimulate bacteria response to increase their resilience, also called the hormetic response. That can include stimulation of growth, mobility, and biofilm production. Here, we have discovered AMPs that stimulate the growth of certain mycobacteria. Peptide 14 for example showed growth stimulating effect on M. tuberculosis, M. bovis, M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP), M. marinum, M. avium-intracellulare, M. celatum and M. abscessus. The effect was more pronounced at low bacterial inocula. The peptides induce a faster transition from the lag phase to the log phase and keep the bacteria longer in the log phase before entering the stationary phase compared to non treated control. In some cases, an increase in the division rate was observed. An initial screen using MAP and a collection of 75 peptides revealed 13 peptides with a hormetic effect. For M. tuberculosis a collection of 25 artificial peptides were screened and 9 were found to reduce the time to positivity (TTP), improving growth. A screen of 43 naturally occurring peptides, 11 fragments of naturally occurring peptides and 5 designed peptides, all taken from the APD3, identified a further 44 peptides that also lowered TTP by at least 5%. Lasioglossin LL-III (Bee) and Ranacyclin E (Frog) were the most active natural peptides, the human cathelicidin LL37 fragment GF-17 and a porcine cathelicidin protegrin-1 fragment was the most active fragment of naturally occurring peptides. Peptide 14 showed growth-stimulating activity between 50 ng/ml and 10 µg/ml whereas the stability-optimised peptide 14D had a narrow activity range of 0.1 - 1 µg/ml. Peptides identified in this study are now part of novel products improving the diagnosis of mycobacteria in humans and animals.
Mitochondrial metabolism in the spotlight. Keeping of the balanced RNAP III activity
ensures cellular homeostasis.
Authors: Szatkowska Roza , Furmanek Emil , Kierzek Andrzej , Ludwig Christian , Adamczyk Malgorzata
Published: July 2023

RNA polymerase III (RNAP III) holoenzyme activity and its products processing have been linked to several metabolic dysfunction in lower and in higher eukaryotes. Alterations in the activity of RNAP III driven synthesis of non-coding RNA, causes extensive changes in the glucose metabo-lism. Increased RNAP III activity in S.cerevisiae maf1Δ strain, manifests with lethality when grown on non-fermentable carbon source. This lethal phenotype is suppressed by reducing tRNA syn-thesis. The cause for the lack of growth neither the underlying molecular mechanism has not been deciphered and has been awaiting a scientific explanation for a decade. Our previous proteomics data suggested mitochondrial dysfunction of the strain. Using model mutant strains maf1Δ (with increased tRNA abundance) and rpc128-1007 (with reduced tRNA abundance) we collected data showing major changes in TCA cycle metabolism of the mutants that explain the phenotypic ob-servations.
The present study, based on 13C flux data and analysis of TCA enzymes activities, identifies the flux constraints in the mitochondrial metabolic network. The lack of growth is associated with the de-crease in TCA cycle activity and downregulation of the flux towards glutamate, aspartate and phosphoenolopyruvate (PEP), the metabolic intermediate feeding gluconeogenic pathway. rpc128-1007, the strain that is unable to increase tRNA synthesis due to a mutation in C128 subunit, has increased activity of TCA cycle under non-fermentable conditions.
To summarize, cells with non-optimal activity of RNAP III, undergo substantial adaptation to a new metabolic state, that make them vulnerable under specific growth conditions. Our results strongly suggest that balanced, non-coding RNA synthesis that is coupled to glucose signaling is a fundamental requirement to sustain cell’s intracellular homeostasis and flexibility under changing growth conditions. Presented results provide insight into the possible role of RNAP III in mito-chondrial metabolism of other cell types.
Relationship of Payment Statistics and Sector-Wise GrossValue Added in the Indian Economy: A Regression Analysis Approach
Authors: Kiran Battula Vijay , Surya K Jaya , Rao A. Narasimha
Published: July 2023

This study explores the correlation between payment statistics and sector-wise gross value added (GVA) in the Indian economy from 2011 to January 2023, shedding light on the importance of payment and settlement systems. Through regression analysis, the impact of payment statistics on GVA across diverse sectors is assessed. The results indicate that, during the specified period, payment statistics do not exhibit a significant influence on sector-wise GVA. These findings emphasize the need for further investigation into alternative factors driving sector-wise GVA, while underscoring the pivotal role of payment and settlement systems in the Indian financial landscape.
Soft Biomimetic Approach for the Development of Calcinosis-Resistant Glutaraldehyde-Fixed Biomaterials for Cardiovascular Surgery
Authors: Zvyagina Alyona I. , Minaychev Vladislav V. , Kobyakova Margarita I. , Lomovskaya Yana V. , Senotov Anatoliy S. , Pyatina Kira V. , Akatov Vladimir S. , Fadeev Roman S. , Fadeeva Irina S.
Published: July 2023

Pathological aseptic calcification is the most common form of structural valvular degeneration (SVD), leading to premature failure of heart valve bioprostheses (BHVs). The processing methods used to obtain GA-fixed pericardium-based biomaterials determine the hemodynamic characteristics and durability of BHVs. This article presents a comparative study of the effects of several processing methods on the degree of damage to the ECM of GA-fixed pericardium-based biomaterials as well as on their biostability, biocompatibility, and resistance to calcification. Based on the assumption that preservation of the native ECM structure will enable the creation of calcinosis-resistant materials, this study provides a soft biomimetic approach for the manufacture of GA-fixed biomaterials using gentle decellularization and washing methods. It has been shown that the use of soft methods for preimplantation processing of materials, ensuring maximum preservation of the intactness of the pericardial ECM, radically increases the resistance of biomaterials to calcification. The data obtained are of interest for the development of new calcinosis-resistant biomaterials for the manufacture of BHVs.
It’s written in the Clot:
Rotational Thromboelastometry in Severe Burn Injury –
A Holistic Coagulation Assessment
Authors: Nikolaidou Eirini , Lazaridou Andriana , Iasonidou Christina , Tsaroucha Alexandra , Papadopoulou Sophia , Kaldoudi Eleni , Sovatzidis Apostolos , Kakagia Despoina
Published: July 2023

The alterations of coagulation status in patients with Severe Burn Injury are associated with serious complications, increased morbidity and mortality. This study aims to compare Rotational Thromboelastometry(ROTEM)–a Viscoelastic Coagulation Assays(VCAs) with Conventional Coagulation Assays(CCAs) including Prothrombin time(PT), Activated Partial Thromboplastin time(aPTT), International normalized ratio(INR), Complete Blood Count(CBC) and Coagulation Factors during the early five post- burn days in Survivors and Non- Survivors with Severe Burn Injury in order to correlate these results with Burn Coagulopathy and Prognosis. Seventeen Sur-vivors and ten Non- Survivors, with a mean Total Burn Surface Area(TBSA) of 33,78% were in-cluded in our study. Even though CCAs measurements were abnormal, they were unable to detect overall burn patients’ coagulopathy. On the contrary, VCAs from day 2 to day 5 took pathological values, especially for Non- survivors. Those changes were underlined through pathological values of Coagulation Factors. As a result, CCAs were considered poor indicators of coagulation status in burn injury, whereas VCAs were more accurate in demonstrating coagulation alterations from the early post- burn period and detecting patients in greater risk of mortality. These advantages of VCAs could be used for timely intervention in high risk patients and for the guidance of blood product transfusions.
Siraitia grosvenorii Extract Attenuates Airway Inflammation in a Mouse Model of Respiratory Disease Induced by Particulate Matter 10 Plus Diesel Exhaust Particles
Authors: Sung Yoon-Young , Kim Mi-Sun , Yuk Heung Joo , Kim Seung-Hyung , Yang Won-Kyung , Park Geum Duck , Kim Kyung Seok , Ham Woo Jung , Kim Dong-Seon
Published: July 2023

Exposure to particulate matter (PM) causes considerable breathing-related health risks. We assessed the inhibitory effect of Siraitia grosvenorii extract (SGE) on airway inflammation in mice exposed to a fine dust mixture of PM10 (PM diameter < 10 mm) and diesel exhaust particles (DEPs) known as PM10D. SGE attenuated neutrophil infiltration and the number of immune B and T cells in lung tissue and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of PM10D-exposed mice. SGE reduced the secretion of cytokines and chemokines, including interleukin (IL)-1a, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)- a, IL-17, chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand (CXCL)-1, and macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-2 in BALF. Airway inflammation, accumulation of inflammatory cells, and collagen fibrosis in the lung after PM10D exposure were investigated by histopathological analysis, and SGE treatment ameliorated these symptoms. SGE decreased the mRNA expression of mucin 5AC (MUC5AC), CXCL-1, TNF-a, MIP-2, and transient receptor potential vanilloid and ankyrin 1 ion channels in the lung tissues of mice. Furthermore, SGE ameliorated mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling activated by PM10D in mice. We conclude that SGE attenuated PM10D-induced neutrophilic airway inflammation via inhibiting MAPK/NF-κB activation. These results show that SGE may be a candidate for the treatment of inflammatory respiratory diseases.
The Conversion of Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) Stem Waste into Activated Carbon by the Pyrolysis Method Using ZnCl2 Activator
Authors: Andini Natasya Dian , Prasetiyani Yuliana , Mumtahinah Fisafillah Al , Yudha Cornelius Satria , Astika Bintari
Published: July 2023

Abstract. The use of activated carbon in Indonesia is expanding along with the increasing demand for activated carbon. Therefore, it is necessary to continue to search for raw materials and methods for producing activated carbon to produce high-quality activated carbon. Sorghum stalk (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) is used as a new precursor for the formation of activated carbon by utilizing a ZnCl2 activator followed by pyrolysis in a furnace with a temperature of 800°C. This study aims to determine the effect of drying and the concentration of activator agents on activated carbon production. The ZnCl2 activator concentrations used were 15% and 30%. The results showed that the activated carbon obtained through the withdrawal process with a ZnCl2 concentration of 30% had the highest carbon content, namely 100%. Test results with FTIR spectroscopy showed that the activated carbon samples had groups (C-H), (O-H), (C≡C), (C=O), (C=C), and (C-O). In addition, the SEM test results showed that the surface of the activated carbon formed had many pores. With the presence of activated carbon from sorghum stem waste, it is hoped that this product can reduce the contaminants contained in wastewater.

Keywords: 

Activation, Activated Carbon, Waste, Pyrolysis, Sorghum, ZnCl2
Return to Sports and Return to Work After Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Pasqualini Ignacio , Emara Ahmed K. , Rullan Pedro J. , Pan Xuankang , Simmons Hannah L. , Molloy Robert M. , Krebs Viktor E. , Piuzzi Nicolas S.
Published: July 2023

Background:

Return to work (RTW) and sports (RTS) are critical gauges to improvement among patients after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). This study aimed to determine rates, timelines, and prognostic factors associated with RTW and RTS outcomes after primary TKA.

Methods:

A systematic review was conducted on MEDLINE, Embase, and CENTRAL databases, with 44 studies meeting inclusion/exclusion criteria. The risk of bias was assessed using the Risk of Bias in Nonrandomized Studies of Interventions tool. Meta-analysis and pooled analysis were conducted when possible with forest plots to summarize odds ratios and associated 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

Results:

The pooled RTW rate across all studies was 65% (95% CI, 51%-77%), with rates varying significantly from 10% to 98%. The mean time to RTW was of 12.9 weeks (range, 5-42). A time point analysis showed increasing RTW rates with a maximum rate at 1 year of 90%. Increased age was associated with lower RTW rates (p < 0.001). The RTS rate ranged from 36% to 100%, with a pooled rate of 82% (95% CI, 72%-89%). The mean time to RTS was 20.1 weeks (range, 16-24). A wide range of reported recurrence rates was observed among different sports (subgroup differences, p ≤ 0.001). The RTS ranged from 43% to 98%, with a pooled proportion of 76% (95% CI, 59%-87%, I2 = 91%) for low-intensity sports, and from 0% to 55% for high-intensity sports, with a pooled proportion of 35% (95% CI, 20-52, I2 = 70%).

Conclusion:

Most patients successfully return to sports and work after TKA, with rates of RTW increasing to 90% after 1 year. Such outcomes are heavily influenced by nonmodifiable (e.g., age) and modifiable (e.g., intensity of sports/employment) factors. Generally, young adults and patients with low-demand jobs can be reinitiated earlier, albeit with increasing restrictions with rising intensity. Providers should screen patients for desire to RTW and/or RTS after surgery and provide appropriate recommendations as part of necessary preoperative education and postoperative care.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Design of Speed Limiter Display For Uwin Fly Electric Bike Based on Internet of Things
Authors: Pramana Joko , Saputra Dwi Hadidjaja Rasjid , Syahrorini Syamsudduha
Published: July 2023

To contribute to the development of electric vehicle technology in Indonesia, a data monitoring system has been designed to monitor and remotely control the condition of electric motorcycles. The device is designed using a nodeMCU ESP8266 microcontroller, voltage sensor, switch, button, Hall sensor, and buzzer. Data is processed and displayed on Blynk. Experiments were conducted on battery monitoring, speed, speed mode, crush control, and speed limiter alarms. Implementing the device on the Uwin Fly electric bicycle can serve as a reference for the feasibility of the device on other electric bicycles. Additionally, the development of electric bicycle monitoring displays and speed limiter features can increase awareness among electric bicycle users, especially mothers and children. Overall, the monitoring system could contribute to enhancing the safety and efficiency of electric motorcycles on the roads of Indonesia.Meanwhile, if the article is written in English, the abstract should be typed in English only. The abstract should be typed as concisely as possible and should be composed of: problem statement, method, scientific finding results, and a short conclusion. The abstract should be typed in one paragraph only and two-columns format. All sections in the manuscript should be typed using Times New Roman font. Authors should use this document as their article template.
Retroalimentación y trabajo en equipo en estudiantes universitarios de una universidad nacional de Lima Metropolitana
Authors: Abad-Lezama Irene Roxana , Pantigoso-Leython Nathalí , Jara-Llanos Gleny Secibel , Colina-Ysea Félix José
Published: July 2023

La retroalimentación formativa debe reflejarse como una estrategia cotidiana en la acción educativa. Por lo tanto, la investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar la relación entre la retroalimentación y el trabajo en equipo en estudiantes universitarios de una universidad nacional de Lima Metropolitana. Siguió el paradigma positivista, bajo el enfoque cuantitativo, diseño no experimental y de tipo correlacional. La población y la muestra quedaron definidas por 146 estudiantes universitarios de los distintos departamentos de la Facultad de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades, quienes cursan las prácticas preprofesionales correspondientes a los ciclos del V al X, en una universidad pública en Lima, Perú. La técnica fue la encuesta y como instrumento se utilizó el cuestionario. Se concluye que existe relación significativa entre la retroalimentación y el trabajo en equipo en estudiantes universitarios, contribuyendo en la formación académica y profesional de los estudiantes. La retroalimentación formativa debe convertirse en una estrategia cotidiana que permita a los actores educativos involucrados en el proceso aprender a desaprender para construir nuevos saberes, fomentando el trabajo en equipo bajo una visión sistémica.
Climate change and fisheries affect benthic composition and diversity in the North Sea - Investigations at the Dogger Bank during three decades (1991-2021)
Authors: Hahn Sarah Joy , Brandt Angelika , Sonnewald Moritz
Published: July 2023

Over a period of 30 years (1991–2021) benthic fauna was monitored at a long-term sampling station at the NATURA2000 marine protected area Dogger Bank and at a reference station in Dutch waters, using a ring dredge and a 2 m beam trawl. Changes of benthic diversity of 127 species were detected in 238 temporally distributed samples and correlated with temperature and intensity of bottom fishing. Our results provide a solid benchmark for future research in the German Exclusive Economic Zone. During the timeframe of our study, the temperature at depths below 30 m remarkably increased by 4°C, while fishing pressure in the studied ICES rectangles decreased over the past 30 years from over 100.000 h of trawling per year to about 20.000 h. The numbers of benthic individuals sampled each year show a negative trend, while the number from 1991 to 2001 is first more influenced by fishing, later by temperature. An analysis of the benthic fauna at some stations adjacent to the long-term sampled station, sampled in 2021, showed that species composition is comparatively uniform over space and that therefore long-term sampling of one station can be used as a proxy for its surroundings in this area.
Removal of Enrofloxacin using Eichhornia crassipes in microcosm wetlands
Authors: Teglia Carla M. , Hadad Hernán R. , Uberti-Manassero Nora , Siano Álvaro S. , Repetti María R. , Goicoechea Héctor C. , Culzoni María J. , Maine María A.
Published: July 2023

The global consumption of antibiotics leads to their possible occurrence in the environment. In this context, nature-based solutions (NBS) can be used to sustainably manage and restore natural and modified ecosystems. In this work, we studied the efficiency of the NBS free-water surface wetlands (FWSWs) using Eichhornia crassipes in microcosm for enrofloxacin removal. We also explored the behavior of enrofloxacin in the system, its accumulation and distribution in plant tissues, the detoxification mechanisms, and the possible effects on plant growth. Enrofloxacin was initially taken up by E. crassipes (first 100 hours) and then it accumulated in the sediment. Removal rates above 94% were obtained in systems with sediment and sediment + E. crassipes. In addition, enrofloxacin was found in leaves, petioles and roots (8.8–23.6 µg, 11-78.3 µg and 10.2–70.7 µg, respectively). Furthermore, enrofloxacin and degradation products were quantified in tissues and chlorosis was observed on days 5 and 9. Finally, the degradation products of enrofloxacin were analyzed, and four possible metabolic pathways of enrofloxacin in E. crassipes were described.
The spatial three-dimensional positional relationship between the posterior cruciate ligament tibial insertion and the posterior septum: an anatomical study
Authors: Chen Zhen , Shang Ziqi , Li Zhikuan , Jin Lingpeng , Tian Siman , Geng Yue , Niu Yingzhen , Dong Jiangtao
Published: July 2023

Background
The posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) tibial insertion and posterior septum are important factors affecting the success rate of posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction(PCLR). The purpose of this study was to accurately quantify the anatomical features and relationship of the PCL tibial insertion and posterior septum.
Methods
Twelve cadaveric human knees were dissected to investigate the PCL and posterior septum. First, the anatomical localization of the PCL, tibial insertion and posterior septum were observed from the medial and lateral sides of the knee joint using a U-shaped capsulotomy. Second, the border length and insertion of the PCL tibial insertion were measured with a soft ruler, and a tibial tunnel was created within the anatomical footprint of the PCL while preserving the integrity of the posterior septum, and the ratio of tunnel exit to PCL tibial insertion was calculated. Finally, HE staining was performed to evaluation the blood vessels content in the posterior septum.
Results
The PCL and its tibial insertion were located medial to the posterior septum in all specimens, and the inferior border of the inserion is adjacent to the posterior capsule reflexion and above the shipboard-like structure. The PCL tibial insertion had a right-angle trapezoidal-like structure with narrow superior and wide inferior sides. The superior and inferior sides of the insertion were approximately (8.8 ± 1.7) and (13.4 ± 3.2) mm, respectively, and the medial and lateral sides were approximately (11.5 ± 1.2) and (12.1 ± 0.3) mm, with an area of approximately (123.3 ± 31.4) mm². Compared to the posterior capsule, the posterior septum contained abundant blood vessels.
Conclusion
The PCL in the posterior compartment of the knee follows the posterior septum and is located entirely medial to the posterior septum, and the inferior border of the PCL tibial inserion is adjacent to the posterior capsule reflexion and above the shipboard-like structure. It is feasible to create an effective tibial tunnel within the tibial footprint of the PCL while preserving the posterior septum.
Identification of Immune-related Cuproptosis Genes in the Prognosis of Thyroid Cancer
Authors: Zeng Lin , Xiong Ni , Qu Xin , Wang Ximing , Zhao Hengxia , Li Huilin , Liu Deliang
Published: July 2023

Background: Thyroid cancer (THCA) has gradually become the highest incidence of endocrine tumors, but its immunotherapy is still in its infancy. Cuproptosis has been reported to be closely related to various tumors. However, the mechanism of cuproptosis in THCA remains obscure.
Methods: TCGA-THCA dataset was downloaded from TCGA GDC portal. We then conducted survival analysis based on the cuproptosis scores (CPs), and constructed the models of RF and LASSO. GSVA and ssGSEA was subsequently performed. CIBERSORT was used to assess immune infiltration. TIDE algorithm was used to predict the likelihood of response to immunotherapy. qRT-PCR was used to confirm the expression of cuproptosis-related differentially expressed genes (CRDEGs) in THCA cells.
Results: We extracted 14 cuproptosis-related genes (CRGs) from TCGA-THCA, and 11 CRGs (SLC25A3, DLD, LIAS, ATP7B, PDHA1, SLC31A1, FDX1, DBT, GCSH, LIPT1 and DLAT) were CRDEGs. Survival analysis showed that the THCA patients with low-CPs had a relatively good prognosis. No matter which model (RF model or LASSO model) was chosen, the survival rate of high-risk group was lower in both Training dataset and Testing dataset, and 5 CRDEGs was selected as potential prognostic genes for THCA. GSVA showed that there were four differentially expressed hallmark gene sets (“APICAL_JUNCTION”, “APOPTOSIS”, “ANGIOGENESIS” and “COAGULATION” ) between high- and low-risk group in RF model and LASSO model. ssGSEA showed that pathways including glycerophospholipid metabolism, carbon metabolism and so on was differentially expressed among THCA patients with high- and low-CPs. CIBERSORT showed that the infiltrations of CD8+ T cells, Tregs, M0 Macrophages and M2 Macrophages, etc. exhibited significant differences. The scores of TIDE was higher in the high-CPs group, indicating THCA patients with high-CPs might be more likely to response immune checkpoint inhibits. qRT-PCR showed the mRNA levels of the above 5 CRDEGs were significantly downregulated in FTC-133 cells and 8505C cells.
Conclusions: This study identified 5 CRDEGs (FDX1, LIAS, LIPT1, DLD and PDHA1) and some immune cells associated with THCA, suggesting the treatment feasibility combined with targeting cuproptosis and immunotherapy in THCA.
Detailed Audit of the Energy Efficiency in Water Systems: New Performance Indices
Authors: Morani Maria Cristina , Carravetta Armando , Fecarotta Oreste , Montillo Renato
Published: July 2023

The proposed work aims at developing a new set of indices to carry out the energy audit of water systems. The new set consists of both supply and distribution indices and results from a global energy balance applied to a reference network. In this study, the energy audit of two case study networks is presented by the aid of the new proposed indices. Moreover, for each network, different scenarios are considered, differing in the management strategy proposed to increase the energy efficiency of the system. The comparison of the scenarios in terms of indices has allowed for evaluating the most efficient strategy to reduce the pressure exceeding within the network, among different solutions. According to the results, with reference to the case study distribution network, installing both pumps as turbines and pressure reducing valves represent the most efficient strategy, containing the excess pressure and also offering possibility for energy recovery. Moreover, with reference to the water supply system assumed as further case study network, the strategy exhibiting better values in terms of indices is represented by a direct pumping towards the downstream distribution network, instead of pumping towards an upper reservoir and using a valve or a turbine to dissipate the excess pressure. In this work, the proposed indices are demonstrated to be a useful tool for water managers to identify, among different solutions, the most effective intervention to increase the energy efficiency of water systems.