bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Türkçe ve Türk Kültürü Dersine Dair İhtiyaç Analizi
Authors: KARADAĞ Özay , BAŞ Bayram
Published: December 2019

Bu araştırmanın amacı, 2018 yılında Türkçe ve Türk Kültürü dersine
yönelik hazırlanan öğretim programının ve 2019 yılında üretilen ders
kitaplarının hazırlanma gerekçesi olan ihtiyaç analizi raporunun nitel sürecine
ait temel bulgu ve sonuçlarını ortaya koymaktır. Açıklayıcı durum çalışması
ekseninde iç içe geçmiş çoklu durum deseni ile gerçekleştirilen araştırmanın
çalışma grubunu İsviçre, Fransa ve Almanya’dan seçilen 36 Türkçe ve Türk
Kültürü dersi öğretmeni, 36 Türkçe ve Türk Kültürü dersi öğrencisi ve bu dersi
alan öğrencilerin velisi olan 36 kişi olmak üzere toplam 108 kişi
oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak açık uçlu sorulardan
oluşan, çoklu ve bireysel tartışma ortamına zemin hazırlayan yarı
yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılmıştır. Öğretmen, öğrenci ve veli olmak
üzere 3 ana kategorinin her birine uygun olarak 3 farklı veri toplama aracı
geliştirilmiştir. Açık uçlu soruların yorumlanması sürecinde endüktif
(inductive) betimsel analiz, içerik analizi ve sürekli karşılaştırma tekniği
(constant comparison) kullanılmıştır. Bu çalışmada inandırıcılık,
aktarılabilirlik, tutarlılık, teyit edilebilirlik olmak üzere dört temel dış ve
geçerlik unsurlarına, aynı zamanda tüm etik ilke ve süreçlere tamamen
uyulmuştur. Çalışma grubunun seçiminde ve odak grup görüşmelerinde çeşitliliğe
gidilerek üçgenleme sağlanmıştır. Bulgular; mevcut Türkçe ve Türk kültürü dersi
kitabının kullanım durumu, Türkçe ve Türk kültürü dersi kitaplarının
kullanılmama nedenleri, Türkçe ve Türk kültürü dersi öğretim programına ilişkin
mevcut durum, ilke niteliğindeki beklentiler ve öneriler, Türkçe ve Türk
kültürü ders ve çalışma kitaplarına ilişkin beklentiler ve öneriler, Türkçe ve
Türk kültürü dersinin verimliğini artırmaya yönelik diğer öneriler
doğrultusunda yapılandırılmıştır. Sonuç olarak hâlihazırda yayımda olan Türkçe
ve Türk Kültürü dersi öğretim programı ve ders materyallerinin yenilenme
gerekçeleri ortaya konmuştur.
Investigando sobre Música e Alfabetização na Escola
Authors: Moreira Paloma Bastos , Wolffenbüttel Cristina Rolim
Published: December 2019

A investigação analisou a utilização da música na alfabetização escolar. A metodologia teve como base uma abordagem qualitativa, exploratória, descritiva e participante. As técnicas para a coleta dos dados incluíram questionários autoadministrados com professoras alfabetizadoras dos anos iniciais e a realização de observações de suas práticas. Também foram contatadas as coordenações pedagógicas das escolas como complemento às informações. Como resultados da pesquisa verificou-se que as professoras alfabetizadoras utilizam a música em sala de aula por meio de atividades pedagógico-musicais diversas, como interpretação das letras de canções e realização de atividades lúdicas. Constatou-se, também, que as professoras alfabetizadoras entendem que a música deve fazer parte do currículo escolar, apontando razões pedagógicas para essa presença. Por fim, considerando-se a constatação da necessidade de uma formação continuada em música por parte das professoras investigadas, oportunizou-se um curso de extensão de educação musical com vistas a contribuir com esta necessidade.
Formação e propostas pedagógicas para o ensino da dança no balé popular do Tocantins
Authors: Gloria Webiston da Silva , Do Nascimento Diego Ebling
Published: December 2019

O Balé Popular do Tocantins é um grupo de dança que vem realizando diversos trabalhos artísticos dentro das escolas estaduais de Palmas/TO. O objetivo deste estudo é investigar a formação dos professores e as metodologias utilizadas para o ensino da dança no BPT. Foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com os docentes do projeto. Como resultado percebemos que todos os professores tiveram contato com a dança em suas formações acadêmicas e investiram em sua formação como professores(as) e artistas. Também observamos que o trabalho no BPT é fisicamente desgastante, porém os resultados, aos olhos dos professores, são muito positivos. Concluímos que o BPT é uma oportunidade de profissionalização gratuita e de qualidade na área da dança.
Educação física e o fator neurotrófico derivado do cérebro (BDNF) na aprendizagem escolar
Authors: Ramos Jorge Marcos , Galdeano Denival Soares
Published: December 2019

Objetivo: O objetivo dessa pesquisa foi fazer uma revisão sistemática para verificar a relação do exercício físico e o BDNF na aprendizagem. Como objetivos específicos: verificar qual o tipo de exercício é mais indicado; intensidade; relação com o gênero e com a faixa etária e ainda o melhor momento para sua realização. Metodologia: A busca pelos documentos foi realizada nas bases de dados: PubMed, LILACS e Google Acadêmico. Foram considerados artigos de revisão, experim entais e dissertações (Doutorado e Mestrado) publicados nos últimos vinte anos (1996 – 2016), escritos em inglês, espanhol e português. Como critérios de inclusão testes realizados em seres humanos e em modelos animais; relacionando à prática de exercícios com o BDNF e a sua influência na aprendizagem. Como critérios de exclusão os documentos que não apresentaram dados como: gênero, idade, intensidade, número e tempo de cada sessão. Foram selecionados 120 documentos, restando somente 19, segundo os critérios de inclusão. Resultado e Discussão: As pesquisas em neurociências relacionadas à educação contribuem para o aprimoramento das práticas pedagógicas levando em conta as funções encefálicas e suas relações com a aprendizagem. O Fator Neurotrófico Derivado do Cérebro (BDNF) tem como função promover a sobrevivência dos neurônios. O exercício físico promoveu alterações positivas nas concentrações de BDNF estando relacionado à melhora do desempenho neurológico. Conclusão: O exercício aeróbio parece ser o mais indicado com intensidade vigorosa para o sexo masculino e a intensidade moderada para o feminino, as intervenções com tempo superiores há 20 minutos e com mais de uma sessão foram mais indicadas, contudo são necessárias novas pesquisas.
Valgo dinâmico de joelho e desempenho de salto entre atletas jovens de voleibol
Authors: Binow-Moreira Caroline , Sarro Karine Jacon , Lira Claudio Andre Barbosa de , Oliveira Hudson Renato de Paula , Rufo-Tavares Weverton , Andrade Marilia dos Santos , Vancini Rodrigo Luiz
Published: December 2019

Objetivo: O valgo dinâmico de joelho é uma disfunção de movimento muito comum entre os atletas de vôlei, sendo fator de risco para lesões nessa articulação, o que poderia impactar negativamente a produção de potência muscular. Dessa forma, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a influência da lateralidade do valgo dinâmico de joelho (uni- vs. bi-lateral) no desempenho do salto horizontal de atletas jovens de vôlei. Metodologia: Para tanto, foram selecionados 22 atletas de voleibol competitivos (oito do sexo masculino e 14 do feminino) que foram divididos nos grupos: valgo de joelho unilateral [VU - n=10, idade (anos): 13,7±1,4; massa corporal (kg): 56,9±12,9; estatura (cm): 163,5±9,2] e bilateral [VB - n=12, idade (anos): 13,6±2,3; massa corporal (kg): 52,8±13,8; estatura (cm): 165,91±8,65]. Os atletas realizaram três saltos horizontais e as distâncias horizontais obtidas (a melhor de três tentativas em cm) foram submetidas ao teste t para amostras independentes para verificar diferenças entre os grupos VU e VB. Resultados e discussão: Não foram observadas diferenças significativas entre os grupos VU vs. VB no teste de salto horizontal (VU: 166,2 ± 22,0 cm; VB: 162,6 ± 21,3 cm; p=0,703). Conclusão: Na casuística do presente estudo, a presença do valgo dinâmico de joelho/lateralidade não se mostrou um fator que pode influenciar no desempenho físico, particularmente da potência muscular de membros inferiores avaliada através de testes de salto horizontal, de atletas jovens de voleibol.
Ginástica e pedagogia histórico-crítica
Authors: Furtado Renan Santos , Silva Leandro Henrique Cruz
Published: December 2019

Objetivo: Trata-se de um relato de experiência que envolveu bolsistas do Programa Institucional de Bolsa de Iniciação a Docência (PIBID) da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), do subprojeto do curso de Educação Física. Teve como lócus de intervenção principal a Escola E. E. F. M. Professora Maria Luiza Costa e Rêgo, localizada no bairro do Bengui na cidade de Belém. Enquanto objetivo geral desse relato, buscamos: analisar as possibilidades metodológicas para o ensino da ginástica na escola a partir da abordagem crítico-superado e da pedagogia histórico-crítica. Metodologia: Do ponto de vista metodológico, o trabalho se baseia na metodologia da pesquisa ação, fazendo uso também de consulta em bibliografia especializada. Resultados e discussões: apontamos que o ensino dos fundamentos básicos da ginástica na escola pode se apresentar como um instrumento fundamental para a elevação cultural dos alunos quando articulado com uma sólida teoria pedagógica e com processos metodológicos inovadores. Conclusão: É evidente que o campo profissional da Educação Física brasileira, em especial a área escolar, cada vez mais tem avançado nas suas sistematizações e na socialização de conteúdos e de metodologias inovadoras. Desse modo, consideramos que o estudo em questão adentra nessa perspectiva, podendo inspirar práticas transformadoras.
A influência do resultado momentâneo da partida na amplitude e profundidade da circulação da bola em pequenos jogos no futebol
Authors: De Vito Arthur Souza , Morales Juan Carlos Pérez , Greco Pablo Juan , Praça Gibson Moreira
Published: December 2019

Objetivo: O objetivo do presente estudo foi comparar a amplitude e profundidade da circulação de bola das equipes em situações de vitória, empate e derrota durante a realização de pequenos jogos no futebol, em formato GR+3vs3+GR. Metodologia: A amostra foi composta por 20 jogadores de futebol da categoria sub-17 de um clube de elite do Brasil. Avaliou-se a amplitude e profundidade da circulação de bola por meio das variáveis número de variações de corredor (NVC) e número de variações de profundidade (NVP), respectivamente. Relativizaram-se os valores de NVC e NVP com as três possíveis situações de resultado momentâneo (vitória, empate e derrota), por meio da razão entre os valores encontrados para ambas as variáveis e o tempo de posse de bola de cada equipe. Para comparar os valores nos três resultados parciais, recorreu-se à ANOVA one-way (NVC) e ao teste de Kruskall-Wallis (NVP). Resultados e discussão: Os resultados mostraram que houve diferenças significativas nos valores de NVC e NVP, com ambos sofrendo diminuição nas situações de vitória em comparação às situações de derrota. Conclui-se que o resultado momentâneo da partida influencia nos padrões da circulação de bola em pequenos jogos. Conclusão: Portanto, treinadores podem simular situações de vitória e derrota durante o treino, a fim de desencadear determinados comportamentos por parte dos jogadores.
Ginástica na educação infantil
Authors: Oliveira Michelly Tatiane de , Lopes Priscila R , Nobre Juliana Nogueira Pontes
Published: December 2019

Objetivo: O presente estudo teve como objetivo geral identificar e analisar as pesquisas que relacionam a ginástica com o contexto da Educação Infantil (EI), publicadas nos Anais do FIGPT. Metodologia: trata-se de uma revisão sistemática da literatura que se propôs a verificar o número de publicações presentes no período compreendido entre os anos de 2001 a 2018 nos Anais do Fórum Internacional de Ginástica para Todos (FIGPT), considerando o tipo de estudo (pesquisa bibliográfica, pesquisa de campo ou relato de experiência), o tipo de ginástica, os principais objetivos e desfechos dos referidos estudos. Resultados e Discussão: Dos 560 resumos/artigos completos encontrados nos Anais do FIGPT que contiveram as palavras pesquisadas no título, que foram “Ginástica”, “Educação Infantil” e “Escola”, 16 se tratavam da Ginástica na EI no contexto Escolar e passaram a compor a amostra. Os estudos encontrados cujo tema é a EI, se concentram no período entre os anos de 2007 e 2018. Conclusão: A análise das publicações dos Anais de todas as edições do FIGPT realizadas até o ano 2018 revelou que a ginástica associada ao contexto da EI apresenta um crescente ao longo dos anos, compondo um quantitativo de 3% das publicações totais, caracterizadas por pesquisas cuja maioria é relato de experiência.
Schistosoma mansoni in Brazil in 2015: retrieval of deaths and characteristics of patients that evolved to death
Authors: Pegado Helio Milani , Nascimento Gilmara Lima , Oliveira Maria Regina Fernandes de
Published: December 2019

Introduction: Schistosomiasis is a disease endemic in Brazil. We analyzed the death records from the Brazilian Mortality Information System with the aim of retrieving deaths due to schistosomiasis and describing the patients that evolved to death in Brazil in the year of 2015. Methods: We evaluated the death certificates for retrieving basic causes due to schistosomiasis, estimated the mortality rate and described the sociodemographic characteristics of patients. Result: To retrieve the basic cause, we analyzed 150 death certificates and we found 39 (26%). Of the 406 studied deaths, 111 (27.3%) occurred in people aged between 60 and 69 and 101 (24.9%) between 70 and 79. Regarding the educational level, 196 (62.4%) had not concluded the elementary school and 85 (27.1%) had never studied. As to race/skin color, 248 deaths (65.1%) occurred in black or pardo. Pernambuco registered more deaths, with 119 (29.3%). Alagoas was the state presenting the highest mortality rate, with 1.62/100,000 residents. As immediate causes of death, most of them, 118 (29.1%), occurred by hypovolemic shock. Conclusions: Deaths were more frequent in older ages, consistent with the disease chronic evolution, in people with lower educational level, and in subjects that reported themselves as black or pardo.
Variabilidade interobservador no diagnóstico da doença trofoblástica gestacional: um estudo na residência de patologia da Universidade Federal do Ceará
Authors: Sousa Edson de Macêdo , Cavalcante Diane Isabelle Magno , Araújo Lis Caetano Nóbrega Costa
Published: December 2019

Objetivo: Analisar a variabilidade interobservador no diagnóstico histopatológico de doença trofoblástica gestacional (DTG). Metodologia: Foram selecionados aleatoriamente 50 casos de DTG do arquivo do Departamento de Patologia da Universidade Federal do Ceará, classificados no laudo original como: 31 molas completas, 15 molas parciais e 4 indeterminados. Uma lâmina de cada caso foi analisada por um médico residente e um patologista ginecológico, cujo diagnóstico foi considerado como referência. O laudo original também foi utilizado para comparação. Valor de beta-HCG, quando informado, foi correlacionado com o tipo de mola. Os valores de kappa foram calculados para a concordância interobservador. Resultados: A concordância geral interobservador foi fraca (ĸ=0,25), entre o residente x patologista ginecológico e residente x laudo original o kappa foi respectivamente ĸ=0,16 e ĸ=0,38. A concordância foi moderada (ĸ=0,41) entre o patologista ginecológico e o laudo original. A dosagem de beta-HCG > 100.000 mUI/ml ocorreu em 7 molas completas e 4 parciais. Conclusão: A concordância interobservador para o diagnóstico de DTG variou de pobre a moderada quando somente a histologia foi utilizada como ferramenta diagnóstica. Valor alto de beta-HCG foi mais frequente na mola completa.
Elegia ao Professor Eduardo Torres
Authors: Santos Armenio Aguiar dos
Published: December 2019

Discurso de saudação em nome do Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia (DFF) à família e amigos do saudoso colega, Professor Eduardo Augusto Torres da Silva, por ocasião de sua denominação para o novo Biotério Setorial do Campus do Porangabussu da Universidade Federal do Ceará.
Doença de Crohn: aspectos do tratamento na atualidade
Authors: Sousa Gabriel Fernandes de , Grochoski Keli Camila Vidal , Marinho Rayanir de Freitas , Vieira Matheus Fragoso , Nahoum Rafael Gonzaga
Published: December 2019

Objetivo: Desvelar a produção científica mais recente a respeito da terapêutica utilizada no tratamento da doença de Crohn (DC). Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura em que se realizou a busca das publicações na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS). Foi utilizada a base de dados MEDLINE, através de estudos disponíveis para visualização em revistas de gastroenterologia publicadas entre 2012 e 2016, totalizando 33 artigos. Resultados: Dentre os artigos analisados, 81,8% abordaram a terapia farmacológica, que consiste principalmente em esteroides e imunossupressores e, nos pacientes não responsivos, compostos biológicos como anti-TNF alfa. O adalimumabe apresentou mais efeitos adversos do que o infliximabe. As tiopurinas têm sido associadas à acometimentos hepáticos. A nutrição parenteral total mostrou-se importante, sendo recomendada para pacientes com DC moderada a grave e a nutrição enteral exclusiva para tratamento de primeira linha em crianças com DC. Mostrou-se uma necessidade decrescente de cirurgia após o uso de imunomoduladores. O transplante de microbiota fecal foi relatado como uma terapia alternativa em casos de DC refratária complicada. Conclusões: Observou-se a prevalência de estudos acerca da terapia farmacológica e a necessidade da realização de novos estudos sobre as opções terapêuticas da DC, principalmente no que diz respeito à terapia não farmacológica.
Alternativa de abordagem endovascular para hematoma em expansão pós-punção arterial: relato de dois casos
Authors: Aguiar Filho Marco Aurélio Barroso , Linhares Filho Frederico Augusto de Carvalho , Andrade Filho João Edison de , Pimentel Matheus Duarte , Albuquerque Francisca Jovita de Oliveira Veras , Leão Filho Carmelo Silveira Carneiro
Published: December 2019

O crescente número de procedimentos endovasculares realizados mundialmente fez com que seja mais notável a incidência de complicações iatrogênicas decorrentes de punções arteriais, com taxas desses eventos variando de 0,5 a 11%. Abordagens convencionais com compressão local, uso de dispositivos de fechamento de punção, são utilizadas com frequência, mas alguns casos mais complexos requerem abordagem cirúrgica. Técnicas endovasculares mostram-se como alternativas cada vez mais descritas para reparo cirúrgico destas complicações por sua eficácia, segurança e menor morbidade. Nesse relato ilustramos casos de dois pacientes portadores de hematomas expansivos pós-punção arterial nos quais foi empregada, com sucesso, técnica de insuflação de cateter-balão para hemostasia endovascular dos pontos de hemorragia arterial. Esta abordagem foi satisfatória, com resolução da complicação vascular e evitando maior morbidade.
Dinamika Orientasi Seksual pada Kaum Gay
Authors: Hidayah Fathul
Published: December 2019

There is a different group of people with certain sexual orientations inside a community. Sexual orientation is divided into three namely heterosexual, bisexual, and homosexual. In this study, which trying to lift the topic of the dynamics of gay sexual orientation. Gay is a sexual inclination which men are intereted into fellow men. There is one thing that is most important in the dynamics of gay orientation, it is called the formation of sexual orientation identity. The purpose of this study is to know the full picture of the dynamics of sexual orientation on gays. This research uses qualitative research method with the design of case study about the life history type. Three Respondents are involved in this study, 1 person as the main respondent and 2 people as significant others. The results of this study indicate that there were several causes until the respondent becomes gay, when he was a 6 grader, he imitated the blue film he watched, then disappointed because he was betrayed by his female partner, and because of the environment that encouraged him to go deeper into the gay world.
Study on the Performance Evaluation of Expatriate Technician in Multinational Corporations
Authors: Cui Rixiao , Wang Juanru , Zhang Yu
Published: December 2019

Performance evaluation of expatriate technicians is an important way for multinational corporations to effectively manage their expatriate technicians, which is crucial to the technological innovation of multinational corporations. This paper designs the performance evaluation index system of expatriate technicians, which includes work efficiency, professional competence, work attitude, and personal traits. Then, based on the C-POWA operator, the evaluation method of expatriate technicians is put forward. Lastly, using the index and method of evaluation of expatriate technician, four expatriate technicians’ performance are evaluated, and the results reveal that the index and method we put forward are scientific and practical.
An Extended Grey Model GM(1, 1, exp(bk)) and Its Application in Chinese Civil Air Passenger Volume Prediction
Authors: Cheng Maolin , Shi Guojun , Han Yun
Published: December 2019

In grey models, GM(1, 1) is an important prediction model. The grey model GM(1, 1) has good prediction results in the case original data change exponentially at a low speed. However in practical cases sometimes, original data show exponential changes or approximately exponential changes change at a high speed. In these cases, the grey model GM(1, 1) has poor prediction results because the data fail to meet the laws of traditional model. Therefore, the paper proposes an extended grey model GM(1, 1, ebk) and its modeling method. In the final section, the paper builds grey models of GM(1, 1, ebk) for a practical problem and the results show the grey model proposed has greatly improved simulation and prediction accuracy compared with the traditional model.
Eating Disorder Symptoms in Australian Actors and Performing Artists
Authors: Szabó Marianna , Cunningham Mitchell L , Seton Mark , Maxwell Ian
Published: December 2019

AIMS: Anecdotal evidence suggests that actors and other performing artists are under great pressure to conform to idealized appearances and body types. The pursuit of such appearances may trigger eating disorder symptoms, such as unhealthy attitudes towards body weight and shape. Thus
far, there has been no dedicated empirical study of the prevalence of such problems in Australian actors and performing artists specifically. Therefore, this study sought to examine eating disorder symptomatology in Australian actors and performing artists. METHODS: An online survey was distributed
to the Equity Foundation membership representing Australian actors and performing artists, of whom 573 individuals completed the survey. This survey gauged demographic information and eating disorder symptoms using the psychometrically validated Eating Disorder Diagnostic Scale (EDDS). RESULTS:
A large proportion of actors reported unhealthy attitudes such as ‘feeling fat’ even though they are of normal weight or underweight; reported an extreme fear of gaining weight; and evaluated their self-worth based on their body weight and shape, particularly women. Results also
showed that 2.5% of women in the study met the diagnostic criteria for anorexia nervosa and 13% met diagnostic criteria for bulimia nervosa based on their scores on the EDDS. DISCUSSION: Performers may be a particularly at-risk population for the development and/or maintenance for a range
of eating disorders.
Landslide Susceptibility Mapping in the Commune of Oudka, Taounate Province, North Morocco: A Comparative Analysis of Logistic Regression, Multivariate Adaptive Regression Spline, and Artificial Neural Network Models
Authors: Benchelha Said , Aoudjehane Hasnaa Chennaoui , Hakdaoui Mustapha , El Hamdouni Rachid , Mansouri Hamou , Benchelha Taoufik , Layelmam Mohammed , Alaoui Mustapha
Published: December 2019

Landslide susceptibility indices were calculated and landslide susceptibility maps were generated for the Oudka, Morocco, study area using a geographic information system. The spatial database included current landslide location, topography, soil, hydrology, and lithology, and the eight factors related to landslides (elevation, slope, aspect, distance to streams, distance to roads, distance to faults, lithology, and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index [NDVI]) were calculated or extracted. Logistic regression (LR), multivariate adaptive regression spline (MARSpline), and Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) were the methods used in this study to generate landslide susceptibility indices. Before the calculation, the study area was randomly divided into two parts, the first for the establishment of the model and the second for its validation. The results of the landslide susceptibility analysis were verified using success and prediction rates. The MARSpline model gave a higher success rate (AUC (Area Under The Curve) = 0.963) and prediction rate (AUC = 0.951) than the LR model (AUC = 0.918 and AUC = 0.901) and the ANN model (AUC = 0.886 and AUC = 0.877). These results indicate that the MARSpline model is the best model for determining landslide susceptibility in the study area.
Antibiotics prescription for febrile patients: associated factors in a health facility-based survey in the Greater Accra region of Ghana
Authors: Opoku Michael Mireku , Bonful Harriet Affran , Koram Kwadwo Ansah
Published: December 2019

Introduction: Frequent and/or misguided prescription of antibiotics are important facilitators of the emergence and spread of antibiotic resistance. In the absence of the implementation of effective interventions to control antibiotic use, its consumption may increase out of proportion to requirements. Antibiotic stewardship interventions must be appropriately targeted and assessed to enhance the proper use of antibiotics. The objective of this study was to determine the factors associated with of antibiotics prescription to febrile patients who seek care in health facilities within the Greater Accra region of Ghana. Methods: Secondary data obtained from a review of medical records of 2,519 febrile patients at the outpatient department of 6 health facilities in 3 municipalities during the baseline survey of a quasi-experiment in 2016 were used. The primary outcome was prescription of any antibiotic. Independent variables included patients’ demographics, symptoms, laboratory investigations (blood film microscopy, malaria rapid diagnostic test, full blood count, urine and stool routine examinations), diagnoses, and prescribers’ demographics. Crude and adjusted logistic regression analyses were used to determine the factors associated with antibiotics prescription. Results: The prevalence of antibiotics prescription was 70.1% (95% CI: 67.7-72.4). Prescribers with more years of practice (>5years) were more likely to prescribe antibiotics compared to those with less than 3 years of practice (p < 0.001). Integrated Management of Neonatal and Childhood Illnesses (IMNCI) training was associated with a 2.3 (95% CI: 1.54, 3.53, p < 0.001) times higher odds of antibiotic prescribing. Patients aged 5 years or more were 60% less likely to be prescribed antibiotics compared with those under 5 years (AOR=0.40, 95% CI: 0.32, 0.51; p<0.001). Patients referred for laboratory investigations were 29% less likely to be prescribed with antibiotics than those not referred. Presenting to the outpatient clinic with cough was associated with a 3.5 (95% CI: 2.54, 4.92) times higher odds of antibiotics prescribing. Conclusion: Prescription of antibiotics to febrile patients was high. Promoting laboratory testing can potentially reduce irrational antibiotics prescribing. Prescribing antibiotics for children under five and the prescribing practices of prescribers with longer years of practice should be targeted with interventions to reduce high use of antibiotics.
Comparison between Natural Drainage Group and Negative Drainage Group after Cervical Laminoplasty: A retrospective STROBE-compliant cohort study
Authors: Guan Fulin , Yin Hongna , Zhu Lin , Zhang Zhizhuang , Gao Qichang , Shao Tuo , Tang Weilong , Guan Guofa , Chen Ming , Chi Zhiyong , Gu Jiaao , Yu Zhange
Published: December 2019

The authors have withdrawn this preprint from Research Square
Tuberculosis treatment results in Western Iran over the past 13 years
Authors: Soofi Moslem , moradi atefeh , Riyahi Parisa , Rezaei Sholeh , Shakiba Ebrahim , Moradinazar Mehdi
Published: December 2019

Background: Tuberculosis is one of Iran's most significant infectious diseases, which with the advent of new and chronic diseases, is still known as the most threatening disease of human community. The goal of this research was to assess the result of TB treatment in western Iran (province of Kermanshah) and its associated factors during 2005 to 2017.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, all patients who had tuberculosis from 2005 to the end of 2017 were evaluated. Treatment outcomes were categorized into four domains of “treatment completion," “death," “treatment failure," and “recoveries" based on national guidelines, and factors affecting outcome were identified using univariate and multivariate logistic regression.
Results: Tuberculosis incidence was 15.21 in males and 14.32 in females per 100,000 individuals. The therapy result was almost uniform during the years investigated. 32.2% had extra pulmonary TB; 58.7% completed treatment; 9.9% died, and 4.1% had treatment failure. After controlling for key factors, the odds of completion of therapy in females were 1.1 (1.0-1.3) times greater than in males, and therapy failure and mortality caused by tuberculosis were also smaller in females than in males 0.6(0.4-0.8) and 0.5(0.3-0.7) respectively). HIV was the greatest variable in the prevalence of tuberculosis with 9.5 (5.8–16.8) times greater chances of death in HIV-positive people than those without HIV.
Conclusion: Given the high prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis and public health concerns, early screening and infection diagnosis, education and protective measures are suggested to prevent tuberculosis patients.
Keywords: Epidemiology, Tuberculosis, Tuberculosis treatment results, Iran.
Serum HGF ,PCIII and PLT are Noninvasive Markers for the diagnosis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: An Xiuqin , Liu Jinchun , Zheng Xiaojuan , Dou Zhangfeng , Li Yue , Suo Yuhong , Ma Ya Nan , Sun Meiqing , Tian Zhong Yuan , Xu Lijun
Published: December 2019

Background/Aims: It was suggested that serum HGF,PCIII and PLT play important roles in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Thus, we aimed to evaluate their clinical utility in the diagnosis of patients with suspected NAFLD.Methods:300 Patients with NAFLD were compared to 102 matched controls.All were subjected to history taking, anthropometric measurements, and abdominal ultrasonography, as well as laboratory assessments of liver functions, fasting lipid profile, GLU, serum PLT, HGF and PCIII.Results:The levels of HGF,PCIII and PLT were higher in NAFLD cases than controls ,and with progressive increases as the severity of fatty liver increased（P<0.05）.HGF,PCIII and PLT were correlated with various clinical parameters and severity of NAFLD（P<0.05）.The optimal cut-off values for HGF in diagnosis of mild, moderate and severe fatty liver were 14.1pg/ml(AUROC 0.753,P＝0.004), 15.4pg/ml(AUROC 0.836, P < 0.001), 17.7pg/ml(AUROC 0.903, P < 0.001). PCIII had no value in differentiate mild from moderate fatty liver ,but its ability to diagnose severe fatty liver was significant. A cut-off value for PCIII to diagnose severe fatty liver was 7.9ng/L(AUROC 0.773).The optimal cut-off values for PLT in the diagnosis of mild, moderate and severe fatty liver were 194×10^9/L(AUROC 0.732), 195×10^9/L(AUROC 0.765), 200×10^9/L(AUROC 0.925), respectively with P < 0.001. When three indicators were tested together,the AUROC(95%CI)curve for diagnose NAFLD was 0.881(sensitivity0.760,specificity 0.873)(P<0.001) .Conclusion:.Combined detection of serum HGF, PCIII and PLT may be an effective non-invasive method for diagnosing NAFLD.
Serum soluble ST2 is a predictor for poor long-term prognosis after transient ischemic attack and ischemic stroke: a cohort study
Authors: Tian Xuan , Guo Yinan , Wang Xiao , Pei Lulu , Wang Xin , Wu Jun , Sun Shilei , Li Yusheng , Ning Mingming , Buonanno Ferdinando S. , Xu Yuming , Song Bo
Published: December 2019

Background: Soluble ST2 (sST2) is a novel inflammation marker for the prediction of adverse outcomes in patients with cardiovascular disease and diabetes mellitus. The aim of the present study was to examine the predictive value of serum sST2 for prognostic outcomes in patients with transient ischemic attack (TIA)/ischemic stroke.Methods: Patients within 24 h after symptom onset were prospectively enrolled based on the TIA/ischemic stroke database of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University. The 1-year prognostic outcomes were composite adverse events (including ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke, myocardial infarction, and all-cause death) and a combination of major disability and death [modified Rankin Scale (mRS), 3-6]. Cox proportional hazard and logistic regression models were used to evaluate the association between serum sST2 and TIA/ischemic stroke prognosis. The C statistic, net reclassiﬁcation index (NRI), and integrated discrimination index (IDI) were used to present improvement in risk classification.Results: Serum sST2 levels were positively correlated with National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores. Kaplan-Meier analysis indicated a significantly different risk in composite adverse events between patients with higher and those with lower levels of sST2 ( P =0.006). Serum sST2 was an independent predictor for composite adverse events (HR: 2.517, 95% CI: 1.279-4.956, P =0.008) and major disability or death (OR: 3.126, 95% CI: 1.452-6.728, P =0.004) after multivariate adjustment. The addition of the sST2 to the NIHSS score significantly improved the predictive value for prognostic outcomes in patients with TIA/ischemic stroke (C statistic: 0.021, IDI: 1.91%, P =0.042 for composite adverse events; NRI: 32.82%, P =0.042 for major disability or death).Conclusions: Serum sST2 levels were positively associated with the severity of TIA/ischemic stroke and could independently predict composite adverse events and major disability or death, indicating that sST2 may be a potential prognostic marker for TIA/ischemic stroke.
Management of Failed external Dacryocystorhinostomy Using endoscopic technique
Authors: Yu Bo , Tu Yunhai , Ji Yuanfei , Xia Yu , Wu Wencan
Published: December 2019

Backgrounds: The aim of this work is to demonstrate the outcomes of En-DCR which was performed in patients with recurrent epiphora after failed Ex-DCR and analyze the causes of failed Ex-DCR.Methods: From September 2015 and December 2017, 29 cases suffered from recurrent epiphora after failed Ex-DCR were reviewed. Outcome of revisional surgery were evaluated. The causes of failed Ex-DCR were analyzed as well.Results: The rate of success after revisional surgery was 82.76%. The major causes of failure of the external approach were synechiae formation in the nasal ostium(29/29), followed by inadequate removal of the bony wall(21/29), nasal synechiae formation between lateral wall of nose and middle turbinate(14/29), and mistaken in the localization of the lacrimal sac(7/29).Conclusion: Endoscopic approach is a good choice for patients with recurrent epiphoria after previous failed Ex-DCR surgery.
Circulating tumor cells enumerated by a centrifugal microfluidic device as a predictive marker for treatment monitoring of ovarian cancer patients
Authors: kim hyera , Lim Minji , Kim Jin Young , Shin So-Jin , Cho Yoon-Kyoung , Cho Chi Heum
Published: December 2019

Background: We investigated the size-based isolation and enumeration of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) using a centrifugal microfluidic device equipped with fluid-assisted separation technology (FAST disc) and demonstrated the correlation among CTC count, CA125, and the clinical course. Methods: We prospectively recruited 13 women with ovarian cancer between December 2016 and August 2018 at Keimyung University Dongsan Hospital. We collected 49 serial blood samples at multiple time-points. CTCs were isolated from whole blood using the FAST disc and were defined as EpCAM+, cytokeratin+, CD45−, and DAPI+. Results: We successfully achieved the high-throughput, efficient, and label-free isolation of CTCs from the blood of ovarian cancer patients using FAST discs. The mean and median CTC count were 20.2 and 6.0, respectively, and 84.62% patients (11/13) had more than 1 CTC at baseline and a decreased CTC count after surgery and chemotherapy, except for 2 patients who had no CTCs at baseline. The median follow-up duration was 22.7 months. At the time of complete response, CTC count in 8 patients was <3. CTC count was correlated with CA125 in 3 patients with no recurrence but elevated in 3 patients with recurrence and normal range of CA125. CTC count and CA125 had high concordance with directional change (increasing 71.4% and decreasing 75.0%). CTC count showed higher association with the clinical status and higher sensitivity (100.0% vs. 60.0%), positive predictive value (55.6% vs. 42.9%), and negative predictive value (100.0% vs. 87.5%) than CA125.Conclusions: CTC count was better associated with treatment response and recurrence than CA125.
Spatial patterns and associated factors’ of Early Marriage among Reproductive age women in Ethiopia: a Secondary Analysis of EDHS 2016
Authors: Tadesse Zemenu Tessema
Published: December 2019

Background: Besides, the presence of national law, the country has to set up its own mid-term and long term goals to bring about a significant reduction in child marriages in Ethiopia. To achieve this, determining the spatial pattern of early marriage and factors associated is important for government, other concerned bodies, program implementers and policy developers to end up early childhood marriage. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess the spatial patterns and associated factors of Early marriage among reproductive-age women in Ethiopia. Methods: This study analyzed retrospectively a cross-sectional data on a weighted sample of 11,646 women aged 15-49 years after requesting from Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey 2016 via the link www.measuredhs.com. ArcGIS version 10.7 software was used to visualize spatial distribution for Early marriage. The Bernoulli model was applied using Kilduff SaTScan version 9.6 software to identify significant purely spatial clusters for Early marriage in Ethiopia multiple logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with early marriage. Finally, variables with a p-value<0.05 were considered as statistically significant. Results: In this analysis, about 62.8% (95%CI: 61.9, 63.74%) of the study participants were married before they reached 18 years. The overall median age at first marriage was 17.1 with IQR 5 years. The high clustering of early marriage was located in Amhara, Afar, and Gambella Regions. In spatial Scan statistics 87 clusters (RR = 1.28, P-value < 0.001) significant primary clusters were identified. The associated factors of early marriage were lesser among women’s attending primary (AOR=0.60; 95%CI: 0.51, 0.71), secondary (AOR=0.19; 95%CI: 0.13, 0.26) and tertiary education (AOR=0.11; 95%CI: 0.07, 0.18). Similarly, women found in Addis Ababa were at a lesser risk of early marriage compared to other regions of the country. Conclusion: Marriage below age 18 was high in Ethiopia. High-risk area of early marriage was located in Amhara, Afar, and Gambella and special attention should be given for identified risk areas. Therefore, providing educational opportunities to young girls was important in addition to inhibiting the marriage of girls under 18 years.
Pattern and determinants of antibiotic mal-prescribing among family physicians in the primary health care facilities in Iran
Authors: Karimi Gholamali , Azizi Hosein , Kabir Kourosh , Farrokhi Babak , Delpisheh Ali , Abbaszadeh Effat , Esmaeili Elham Davtalab
Published: December 2019

Background Mal-prescribing of antibiotics is a major and ongoing global public health problem both in developing and developed countries. Family physicians are the most important and dominant health services providers in Iran that pattern describing by them poorly understood. This study aimed to assess the pattern and factors affecting antibiotic prescribing by family physicians in primary health care (PHC).Methods In this descriptive-analytical study, 1068 prescriptions of family physicians in PHC were assessed among Alborz province health facilities. Prescriptions were selected by random sampling. The mal-prescribing was assessed based on 4 criteria including dose per consumption, dose per day, correct duration of therapy and possible interaction with other antibiotics. Logistic regression was used to estimate the odds ratio and 95% confidence interval for the association between antibiotic prescribing and affecting factors.Results The average number of antibiotics was reported 1.27 per prescription and almost 56.8% of them had at least an antibiotic. There was a statistically significant relationship between age, gender, type of insurance booklet, work experience of physicians, seasons of the year and receiving antibiotics (P<0.05). In 59.31% of antibiotic prescriptions at least one of the scientific criteria was not satisfied.Conclusion The number of prescribed antibiotics and the mal-prescribing percentage were high among family physicians. Strong political commitment and altering physicians' training curricula especially promoting a preventive approach and developing a registration system for identifying adverse drug reactions, antibiotic use patterns and mal-prescribing are imperative at the grass-root level.
Challenges to early detection of cervical cancer at primary healthcare level in Resource limited settings; a descriptive study.
Authors: Nkurunziza Charles , Ntasumbumuyange Diomede , Bazzett-Matabele Lisa
Published: December 2019

Objectives To assess the healthcare system related factors that cause delayed cervical cancer diagnosis at the primary healthcare level. Methods This was a descriptive study of healthcare providers in outpatient clinics at 10 health centers in Kigali city and the Eastern province of Rwanda. Care providers completed a survey questionnaire. Results Eighty-seven (87) health care providers participated. Of respondents, 85 (97.7%) were nurses and midwives, 81.6% being nurses. Only 15 (17.2%) reported to have received training on visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) cervical cancer screening; and were distributed in 6/10 of the health centers surveyed. However, 75.9% of respondents reported that there was at least one person trained in VIA at their health center. Necessary basic equipment for cervical cancer evaluation was reported to be generally available. Overall, 49 (56.3%) participants were found to have adequate basic knowledge on cervical cancer symptoms and appropriate next step in the case of symptoms. We found no association between respondents’ knowledge of cervical cancer screening and profession or education level, work experience or reported prior training on VIA (p= 0.592, 0.384, 0.174 and 0.404, respectively). Conclusion There is a large gap in number of care providers with enough skills to perform cervical cancer VIA screening at health centers in Rwanda. As health centers are patients’ first point of contact with the healthcare system, there is a need to empower them in human resources and infrastructure if effective cervical cancer screening and prevention program is to be established.
Mapping Evidence Of Patient-centered Care For Persons Living With Hiv: A Protocol For A Systematic Scoping Review
Authors: Mulqueeny Delarise , Pokiya Manduleli Herald , Naidoo Praba
Published: December 2019

Background: The Human Immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a global, chronic health challenge that warrants a multidimensional approach to treatment and care. Notwithstanding the strides made in suppressing the virus, evidence illustrates challenges in persons living with HIV (PLHIV) experiences of treatment and care. Such experiences threaten HIV patients’ retention, adherence, mortality, comorbidities and the global community’s efforts to end the AIDS epidemic by 2030. A patient-centred approach (PCC) to HIV care and treatment could improve patients’ health care experiences, wellbeing, retention and adherence and strengthen patient-provider relationships, Hence, the aim of this scoping review is to comprehensively map existing evidence of PCC in HIV treatment and care. Additionally, the review will identify and describe gaps that could inform future research and interventional programmes or the need for systematic reviews. Methods and analysis: As HIV PCC is a broad topic, a systematic scoping review, that includes peer-reviewed journal articles and grey literature will be conducted. Online databases: (Google scholar, Scopus, EBSCOhost, PsycINFO via ProQuest, PsycARTICLES via ProQuest, International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) via ProQuest, UNAIDS databases will be accessed. Humanitarian databases such as the World Health Organization (WHO) and United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) will also be accessed to identify literature on PCC for PLHIV. Such literature will be published between 2009 and 2019. Two reviewers will independently extract data from relevant search engines, utilising specific inclusion and exclusion standards. Thereafter thematic content analysis will be performed, and a narrative account of the findings will be presented. Discussion: As this is a scoping review, no ethical approval is required. Once the review is completed all summarized data will be disseminated in peer-reviewed journals, at national and international conferences, clinical settings and to policy makers. This is aimed at improving PLHIV’s experiences in clinical settings, practice and care. Keywords: HIV, patient-centred care, patient experiences, ART programme; ARVS; patients
Integrated analysis of four new sequenced fern Chloroplast Genomes: Genome structure and Comparative Analysis
Authors: Fan Ruifeng , Ma Wei , Liu Shilei , Huang Qingyang
Published: December 2019

Background: Dryopteris goeringiana (Kunze) Koidz, Arthyrium brevifrons Nakai ex Kitagawa, Dryopteris crassirhizoma Nakai, and Polystichum tripteron (Kunze) Presl are fern species with their chloroplast genomes uncovered, except D. crassirhizoma . In this study, high throughput sequences were performed to get better understand of their chloroplast genomes and comparison analysis with other fern species.Methods: Fresh fern leaves were used for sequencing. Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) analysis, high-variety regions comparison, IR border comparison, nucleotide diversity, RNA editing, and phylogenetic analysis were performed.Results: They have different genome structure characteristics in terms of genome and its area size, gene types and location. The quantity and type of SSRs in D. crassirhizoma is very similar to D. goeringiana , with (ATAA)2, (ATCT)1 and (TTTA)1 only present in D. crassirhizoma . SSRs contain more AT bases than GC. There were divergent genes existed in fern species. Ten genes have a Pi value >0.20. C-to-U RNA editing was most common. Phylogenetic analyses showed that species in the same genus clustered together.Conclusion: The genomic structure and genetic resources of D. goeringiana , A. brevifrons , D. crassirhizoma , and P. tripteron contribute to further studies on phylogenetics, population genetics, and conservation biology of ferns.