bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tracer Study BEED and BSED Graduates of Northwest Samar State University, Calbayog City
Authors: Calamayo Judith S
Published: July 2022

Graduates are undecided on many things after disembarking one of the frontiers of their lives. They do not know if they will stagnate or be productive. But one thing for them is sure, they need to have a career. It was found out in the study that the personal profile of the BEED and BSED graduates were as follows: most of them were at the middle age, female, single, resided on places outside city proper, worked on places outside city proper but within Calbayog City, most of them are LET passers, some graduates are with academic honors and awardees and majority of the respondents have master’s units. Most of them are permanently employed and mentioned that it is their first job after graduation. Most of the graduates are teaching in the major field and they are connected with the government units. Majority of the graduates find employment through application letter and they have waited for more than a year before landing to a job. There are different competencies demanded of from teacher education graduates such as socio – personal, intellectual, and technical competence. The major problem of the graduates in job hunting is on financial aspect. Therefore, the course offering of the College is commendable since it caters the need of the locality and demand for employment opportunities thereby giving better chances for graduates to find job and eventually alleviating the economic condition of every citizen. The kind of orientation makes them qualified to diverse job opportunities in the real world.
Teratogenic Effect of Aqueous Leaf Extract of Aspilia africana on The Dentate Gyrus of Wistar Rat Fetuses
Authors: Asuquo Olaitan Ruth , Edet P.E , Eluwa M. A , Kennedy O.O.O
Published: July 2022

Aspilia africana is an herbal plant widespread in Africa used for medicinal purposes and also used by pregnant women for health related issues. This study was aimed at investigating the teratogenic effect of aqueous leaf extract of Aspilia africana on the dentate gyrus of albino wistar rat fetuses. Twenty (20) female adult rats weighing between 190-205g were used for this study. The rats were divided into four groups; control, low dose, medium dose and high dose with each group containing five rats. Pregnancy was induced by caging the female rats with sexually matured males. The presence of vaginal plug and tail structure in the vaginal smear the following morning confirmed coition, and it was regarded as day 0 of pregnancy. The control group was given distilled water. The low dose, medium dose, and the high dose groups received 750mg/kg, 1000mg/kg, and 1250mg/kg body weight of aqueous leaf extract of Aspilia africana through an orogastric tube from day 7-11 of gestation. On the 20th day of gestation, the animals were sacrificed using chloroform-inhalation method. Their fetuses were harvested via uterectomy, the brain was excised and fixed in 10% buffered formalin, and then routine histological processes were carried out. Staining was done using Haematoxylin and Eosin method. Histological observation of the dentate gyri of experimental groups revealed marked distortion, reduction of the polymorphic layer, hyperplasia and hypertrophy of cells in the molecular and granular layer especially in the high dose group whose mothers received 1250mg/kg of the extracts. The result suggests high doses of aqueous leaf extract of Aspilia africana may be teratogenic to the dentate gyrus of Wistar rat fetuses.
Evaluate Maternal Knowledge and Attitude Regarding First Aid Among their Children in Buraidah City, Saudi Arabia Kingdom (KSA)
Authors: Bassam Samah
Published: July 2022

Background: Annually, thousands of children died due to accidents worldwide and millions of children are referred to hospitals due to injuries caused by accidents resulting in lifelong disabilities. Objective: This cross-sectional study aimed to explore the mother’s knowledge and attitude toward first aid among their children. Methods: Researcher used a self-administered online questionnaire included mothers’ characteristics, knowledge and attitude towards first aid. The total number of mothers is 1000 from Saudi Arabia, Buraidah city. Results: Reveals that about two thirds (65.5%) and (69.8%) of studied mothers had incorrect knowledge about concept of first aid and component of first aid, respectively. Also, about two thirds (67.4%) of studied mothers had incorrect knowledge about first aid for burns. Meanwhile less than half (41.5% & 45%) had correct knowledge about first aid fracture bone and nose bleeding. Conclusion: Based on the results of the present study concluded that more than half of studied mothers had unsatisfactory level of knowledge, less than half of them had positive attitude related first aid. Also, there was high positive correlation between total knowledge and total attitude related first aid. Health educational program about first aid should be delivered regularly during routine schedules at primary health care units. Further intervention study done to assess effect of education program on mothers’ knowledge and attitude. Creating awareness and including first aid courses in the curriculum need to be considered. Use of social media for first-aid education will likely improve mothers’ awareness.
An in Depth Look Into Intracranial Abscesses and Empyemas: a Ten-year Experience in a Single Institute
Authors: Jarrar Sultan , Barbarawi Mohammed , Daoud Suleiman , Ahmed Yaman , Kraimeen Leen , Abushukair Hassan , Syaj Sebawe , Jbarah Omar
Published: July 2022

Background: As the incidence of intracranial infections increase due to diagnostic procedures improvement, more real-life data is needed to reach a more solid informed management approach. Objective: This study aims to describe and analyse clinical features of intracranial abscesses patients treated at a tertiary hospital in North Jordan during a 10-year period. Methods: We retrospectively identified 37 patients treated at King Abdullah University Hospital (KAUH) from 2011 to 2020 in Irbid, North Jordan. Treatment consisted of either aspiration, open craniotomy excision (OCE) or conservative therapy. Extracted variables included demographic data such (age, gender), clinical presentation, lab findings, radiological findings as well as management plan. Retrieved data was compared between the patients who underwent a single operation and those who underwent reoperation after the initial procedure. Results: Thirty-seven patients with 55 intracerebral abscesses were identified, 29 of whom had intraparenchymal brain abscesses, 4 patients had epidural empyema, and 4 had subdural empyema. The mean age was 28.8 (± 20.7) years, with a male predominance (78.4%). Sixteen patients underwent open craniotomy excision (OCE), 14 patients were treated by aspiration and 7 patients were treated conservatively. When comparing the single operation and the reoperation groups, there was no statistically significant difference across variables. Conclusion: Our study presents valuable insight from a tertiary hospital in north Jordan on intracranial abscesses and empyemas. Our findings confirm that good recovery can be established after aspiration or OCE in the majority of patients. Similar results were obtained when comparing the SOP and the ROP groups.
Knowledge of Diabetic Foot Among Nurses at a Tertiary Hospital in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alkhatieb Maram , Abdulwassi Hassan , Fallatah Anas , Alghamdi Khalid , Abbadi Wid , Altaifi Rozan
Published: July 2022

Background: Diabetic foot is the leading cause of hospitalization among patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). Nurses have a significant role in helping diabetic foot patients by educating them about their condition. Therefore, assessing the knowledge of diabetic foot among nurses will help provide better healthcare services to these patients. Objective: This study aimed to assess the knowledge of diabetic foot care among the nursing staff at King Abdulaziz University Hospital (KAUH), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at King Abdulaziz University Hospital (KAUH) in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, from March to May 2020. A total of 172 nurses from different departments of the hospital were randomly selected. A validated questionnaire including 68 yes-or-no questions about diabetic foot management was used for the assessment. Results:The average total score of the entire questionnaire was 59 (standard deviation, ±7). During our study, the nursing school curriculum was found to be the major source of knowledge for nurses. Statistical significance (p=0.031) was found for the association between educational background and answers to the risk factor questions. According to our results, most nurses indicated that they believed that reporting any changes to the feet and toes and signs of infection to the physician was the best way to prevent the development of DM foot. Conclusion: Specialized training programs beyond basic nursing education will reinforce knowledge and skills, resulting in an expected lower risk of amputation for DM patients.
Comparison Between Intravesical Chemotherapy Epirubicin and Mitomycin-C after TURB vs TURB Alone With Recurrence Rate of Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer: Meta-Analysis
Authors: Daryanto Besut , Purnomo Athaya , Seputra Kurnia , Budaya Taufiq
Published: July 2022

Background: Bladder cancer is still a burden on the world of oncology medicine, which every year affects about 3.4 million people globally with 430,000 new cases per year. It is the fourth most common cancer in men and eighth most common women malignancy in the world. This makes bladder cancer a “silent killer” and it needs appropriate treatment planning. Single immediate instillation of chemotherapy after transurethral resection of the bladder (TURB) is recommended by EAU guideline, but its use remains a controversy. Objective: Study aimed to analyze benefit of intravesical chemotherapy following TURB in terms of recurrency of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). Methods: Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials comparing the efﬁcacy of a single instillation after TURB with TURB alone in NMIBC (pTa-pT1) patients was conducted. Studies searched throughout Medline, PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane in December 2018. Keywords were intravesical chemotherapy, combination, transurethral resection, bladder cancer. Inclusion criteria were RCT studies, subjects in study were treated single immediate chemotherapy instillation after TURB compared to TURB alone in patient with pTa-pT1 urothelial carcinoma of the bladder. Trials with additional treatment prior to first reccurence were not eligible. Studies using recurrence rate as dependent variable. From 361 studies, in total 11 studies were eligible for this meta-analysis. Results: From those 11 studies, it is shown that intravesical chemotherapy using Epirubicin and Mitomycin-C following TURB showed significant decrease of recurrence rate of bladder cancer even to progression of the disease compared to TURB alone (p<0.05) with pooled Risk Ratio were 0.69 and pooled heterogeneity (I2) were 26.6%. Conclusion: This meta-analysis study showed that combination therapy of intravesical chemotherapy after TURB is superior to TURB alone in showing the recurrence rate of NMIBC.
Empirical case report of the mechanical properties of three spayed canine lumbar vertebrae
Authors: Kostenko Ernest , Stonkus Rimantas , engaut Jakov , Maknickas Algirdas
Published: July 2022

Background: Today, animals, like humans, suffer from spinal illnesses, which are aggravated in old age. Much emphasis is placed on diagnosis and treatment, but little focus is given to the spine's mechanical properties. Degenerative spine diseases are a major problem throughout the world. According to the World Health Organization, osteoporosis is a world-class public problem that reduces bone mass, resulting in bone fracturing and increased risk of bone fracturing. Therefore, the mechanical investigation of vertebrae can provide more information about the development of osteoporosis.
Case Description: For our case report, we used spayed mongrel lumbar vertebrae samples obtained from a canine which was about 8 years old and weighed 28 kg. The dog was diagnosed with a mammary tumour, and the dog’s owners decided to euthanise the dog. All consent forms were filled.
Conclusions: Mechanical tests were performed on three vertebrae, and a noticeable difference was observed in the first cycle of the first vertebra (L1). Second-order polynomials for displacement and seventh-order polynomials for pressure were proposed for describing the stress–strain relation of the vertebrae under the cyclical loads.
Our research protocol has been broken down into several parts. After measuring the area of the loaded surface, the largest area was in the L2 vertebra (176 mm ± 16; 177 mm ± 3 mm), and the smallest was in the L7 vertebra (156 mm ± 4 mm; 151 mm ± 33 mm). The smallest distance was recorded between the first (L1) and seventh (L7) lumbar vertebrae (L1) (15.17 mm ± 0.93 mm), and the largest distance was recorded between the L3 and L4 vertebrae of the lumbar (19.8 mm ± 3.7 mm).
A survey on the reproductive performance of Black Bengal goats in the selected industrial and non-industrial areas of Bangladesh
Authors: Hasan Sajibul , Miah Mohammad , Bhuiyan Md
Published: July 2022

Objective: The study was carried out to determine the reproductive performance of Black Bengal (BB) goats in the selected industrial and nonindustrial areas of Bangladesh.
Materials and Methods: The data were collected from 200 farmers using a pretested questionnaire. The questionnaire contained primary information about the reproductive performances, such as age at puberty, conception rate, postpartum heat period, kidding interval, litter size, estrous behavior and interval, abnormalities during pregnancy and parturition, kid mortality, developmental abnormalities, total number of goats, and goat rearing system.
Results: The data showed that the average age at puberty and conception rate of BB goats in the industrial areas were 188.20 ± 2.372 days and 88%, respectively, whereas the values were 164.70 ± 2.077 days and 96%, respectively, in the nonindustrial areas. The data significantly differed (p < 0.05). The average estrous cycle and kidding interval of BB goats also differed significantly (p < 0.05) between the industrial (21.50 ± 0.824 and 205.80 ± 1.445 days, respectively) and nonindustrial areas (17.50 ± 0.479 and 189.40 ± 0.922 days, respectively). However, the average litter size of goats in the two areas did not differ significantly (p > 0.05). The average kid mortality rate was higher in industrial areas (14.0% ± 0.155%) than in nonindustrial areas (8.5% ± 0.118%).
Conclusion: BB goats reared in industrial areas have lower reproductive performance than those raised in nonindustrial areas. Factory pollution may be one of the main reasons for reducing kids in BB goats.
Kontribusi Perilaku Guru dan Metode Pembelajaran dalam Meningkatkan Prestasi Belajar Al-Qur'an Hadits
Authors: Budi Santoso  , Maragustam Siregar
Published: July 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) mengetahui pengaruh perilaku guru terhadap prestasi belajar Al Qur’an Hadits siswa kelas XI MAN 3 Boyolali tahun pelajaran 2020/2021. (2) mengetahui pengaruh metode pembelajaran terhadap prestasi belajar Al Qur’an Hadits siswa kelas XI MAN 3 Boyolali tahun pelajaran 2020/2021. (3) mengetahui pengaruh perilaku guru dan metode pembelajaran terhadap prestasi belajar Al Qur’an Hadits siswa kelas XI MAN 3 Boyolali tahun pelajaran 2020/2021.
Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Populasi adalah 93 siswa, data diambil melalui angket, wawancara,observasi dan dokumentasi nilai Al-Qur’an Hadits semester Genap tahun 2020/2021. Penelitian dianalisis dengan menggunakan rumus product moment.
Hasil penelitian (1). Pengaruh perilaku guru terhadap prestasi belajar Al Qur’an Hadits siswa kelas XI MAN 3 Boyolali tahun pelajaran 2020/2021 setelah diselesaikan dengan rumus product moment nilai rxy = 0,450, dikonsultasikan dengan rtabel  pada taraf signifikan 5%  N = 93  rtabel = 0,207 dan taraf signifikan 1%  N = 93  rtabel =  0,270.  Hipotesis ada pengaruh positif perilaku guru terhadap prestasi belajar Al-Qur’an Hadits siswa kelas XI MAN 3 Boyolali tahun pelajaran 2020/2021 diterima kebenarannya atau teruji. (2). Pengaruh metode pembelajaran terhadap prestasi belajar Al Qur’an Hadits siswa kelas XI MAN 3 Boyolali tahun pelajaran 2020/2021 setelah diselesaikan dengan rumus product moment nilai akhir  rXY = 0,265, apabila dikonsultasikan dengan rtabel  taraf signifikan 5%  N = 93  rtabel = 0,202 dan apabila dikonsultasikan dengan rtabel  taraf signifikan 1%  N = 93  rtabel =  0,263.  Hipotesis ada pengaruh yang positif metode pembelajaran terhadap prestasi belajar Al-Qur’an Hadits siswa kelas XI MAN 3 Boyolali tahun pelajaran 2020/2021 diterima kebenarannya atau teruji. (3). Pengaruh perilaku guru dan metode pembelajaran terhadap prestasi belajar Al Qur’an Hadits siswa kelas XI MAN 3 Boyolali tahun pelajaran 2020/2021  setelah diselesaikan rumus product moment nilai akhir  rXY  = 0,414, dikonsultasikan dengan rtabel  pada taraf signifikan 5%  N = 93  rtabel = 0,202 dan apabila dikonsultasikan dengan rtabel  pada taraf signifikan 1%  N = 93  rtabel =  0,263.  Berdasarkan hipotesis ada pengaruh yang positif perilaku guru dan metode pembelajaran terhadap prestasi belajar Al Qur’an  Hadits  Siswa kelas XI MAN 3 Boyolali tahun pelajaran 2020/2021 diterima kebenarannya atau teruji, sebab nilai  rxy > rtabel, baik 5% maupun 1%.
Pengaruh Kecerdasan Spiritual dan Motivasi Belajar terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa Mata Pelajaran Al-Qur'an Hadis
Authors: Umi Muslikhah  , Sugiyo
Published: July 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kecerdasan spiritual terhadap hasil belajar siswa mata pelajaran Al-Qur’an Hadis, pengaruh motivasi belajar terhadap hasil belajar siswa mata pelajaran Al-Qur’an Hadis, serta pengaruh kecerdasan spiritual dan motivasi belajar terhadap hasil belajar siswa mata pelajaran Al-Qur’an Hadis di MTs Negeri 3 Sukoharjo Tahun Pelajaran 2020/2021.
Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa MTs Negeri 3 Sukoharjo tahun pelajaran 2020/2021 yang berjumlah 378 siswa. Sampel penelitian ini adalah 194 siswa MTs Negeri 3 Sukoharjo tahun pelajaran 2020/2021 dengan teknik pengambilan sampel proportionate stratified random sampling. Penelitian ini menggunakan dua teknik pengumpulan data, yakni angket (kuesioner) dan dokumentasi. Pengujian instrumen menggunakan uji validitas dan reliabilitas. Uji asumsi klasik menggunakan uji normalitas dan uji linieritas. Teknik analisis data menggunakan Regresi Linier Berganda, uji F, uji t dan koefisien determinasi (R2).
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bawa pengaruh kecerdasan spiritual terhadap hasil belajar siswa mata pelajaran Al-Qur’an Hadis di MTs Negeri 3 Sukoharjo Tahun Pelajaran 2020/2021 terbukti berpengaruh secara signifikan positif. Pengaruh motivasi belajar terhadap hasil belajar siswa mata pelajaran Al-Qur’an Hadis di MTs Negeri 3 Sukoharjo Tahun Pelajaran 2020/2021 terbukti berpengaruh secara signifikan positif. Pengaruh kecerdasan spiritual dan motivasi belajar terhadap hasil belajar siswa mata pelajaran Al-Qur’an Hadis di MTs Negeri 3 Sukoharjo Tahun Pelajaran 2020/2021 terbukti berpengaruh secara signifikan.
Pengaruh Fasilitas Belajar dan Motivasi Belajar terhadap Kedisiplinan Belajar Siswa
Authors: Murniatin  , Abdullah Hadziq
Published: July 2022

Kedisiplinan dalam proses pendidikan sangat diperlukan karena bukan hanya untuk menjaga kondisi suasana belajar dan mengajar dengan lancar tetapi juga untuk menciptakan pribadi yang kuat bagi setiap siswa. Banyak faktor yang mampu mempengaruh pembentukan kedisiplinan belajar siswa seperti fasilitas belajar yang ada di sekolah maupun motivasi belajar siswa itu sendiri. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh fasilitas belajar dan motivasi belajar  terhadap kedisiplinan belajar siswa kelas VIII MTs Negeri 7 Sragen tahun pelajaran 2020/2021 secara parsial dan simultan.

Penelitian merupakan penelitian field research dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh siswa kelas VIII MTs Negeri 7 Sragen sebanyak 131 siswa, sampel diambil sebanyak 35 siswa diambil secara simple random sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan angket yang sudah diuji kevalidan dan kereliabelannya. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis regresi linier berganda yang sebelumnya dilakukan analisis asumsi klasik.

Hasil penelitian ditemukan: (1) Ada pengaruh positif signifikan fasilitas belajar terhadap kedisiplinan belajar siswa, sehingga dapat diartikan bahwa semakin lengkap dan terkelola dengan baik fasilitas belajar maka semakin meningkatkan kedisiplinan siswa dalam belajar, (2) ada pengaruh positif signifikan motivasi belajar terhadap kedisiplinan belajar siswa, sehingga dapat diartikan bahwa semakin tinggi motivasi siswa dalam belajar maka semakin meningkatkan kedisiplinan belajar siswa dan (3)Ada pengaruh fasilitas belajar dan motivasi belajar terhadap kedisiplinan belajar siswa, sehingga dapat diartikan bahwa semakin lengkap dan terkelola dengan baik fasilitas belajar didukung dengan semakin tinggi motivasi belajar maka semakin meningkatkan kedisiplinan siswa dalam belajar.

Dari hasil tersebut maka dapat disarankan guru bekerjasama dengan semua stakeholder berperan serta dalam membantu siswa untuk menyadari perlunya berdisiplin dalam belajar. Diharapkan guru dapat melakukan pembelajaran yang kreatif dan menarik sehingga siswa dapat termotivasi dalam belajar. Penciptaan ruang kelas yang kondusif serta nyaman untuk belajar mamapu membantu meningkatkan motivasi dan kedisiplinan siswa dalam belajar. Pihak sekolah bekerjasama dengan Dinas Pendidikan melengkapi fasilitas belajar siswa agar proses pembelajaran dapat berlangsung secara kondusif yang mampu meningkatkan motivasi siswa dalam belajar dan mendukung kedisiplinan belajar siswa sehingga prestasi belajar siswa dapat tercapai secara maksimal.
براہوئی افسانہ ٹی ترقی پسند ی نا رجحان
Authors: Sagar Naseebullah
Published: July 2022

Fiction has a great significance in literature. It dates back to the 19th century. The Russian revolution put a profound effect on it. Thus, fiction got a great value in literature. This research article describes the tendency and impacts of “Taraqi Pasandi" in Brahui fiction (Taraqi Pasand Movement as a reflection of the revolution). The Traqi Pasand Movement not only influenced Urdu literature, especially fiction, but it also brought a dramatic change in South Asian literature, including regional literature. Brahui fiction also depicted the concept wherein the economic inequality and feudal system affected the regions including the land of Balochistan which was also a victim of similar problems. As a resistance, Brahui fiction represented the concept of "socialism" and "Marxism" and condemned feudalism, which is a big hurdle in the way of the progress of the society, mainly focusing on the message of peaceful coexistence of the communities within a diverse society.
براہوئی خلقی شاعری ٹی سیل وتیرمہ نا وئیل آتا درشانی
Authors: Baloch Rasheeda
Published: July 2022

It is important to study its literature and rural life in order to get a reasonable knowledge of a nation’s history, culture, and psyche.  In any literature, poetry enjoys a core position, and poetry is always created by the intellectuals who keep a close eye on the problems faced by the masses in the deteriorating climate conditions and the depiction thereof, especially when the suffering masses do not have access to proper management or facilities in a timely manner. The problems leave psychological as well as social effects on the people. This study mainly focuses on the problems that Brahui language users face. These people mostly live in the mountainous areas of Balochistan where they face both intensively hot and cold weather. With a qualitative exploratory approach, this study discusses how Brahui poetry has dealt with those issues of winter and summer faced by the people with a reflection of the lifestyle of the people. The findings depict the difficulties of the rural people narrated in Brahui poetry during the course of seasonal migrations from “Khurasan” to “Sindh” for their and their live stock’s survival and, resultantly, how they passed their lives in poverty during such seasonal migrations.
براہوئی خلقی قصہ غاتیٹی کردار نگاری نا جاچ
Authors: Haroon Rashida
Published: July 2022

Brahui folktales are very ancient literary genres of Brahui. There are many characteristics of Brahui folktales making them charming, memorable, and interesting. Brahui folktales focus on characters such as human beings, supernatural elements, animals, and plants wherein human beings are the main characters. Brahuis are believed to be living in a paternal society for a long time, hence, among human characters’ man is the prominent character and hero of these tales representing many abilities, qualities, and powers. This article sheds light on characterization in Brahui folktales and the central character of these tales.
براہوئی غزل ٹی جمالیات نا درک
Authors: Hashmi Zara
Published: July 2022

This research paper seeks to look at Brahui Ghazal from a new perspective with regard to the theme of aesthetics. The study innovatively elaborates how, when and which poets have imbedded a sense of aesthetics in Brahui Ghazal with details pertaining to the theme illustrated by arguments and examples by referring to a variety of books dealing with the subject matter. Apart from this, there is a lively discussion on the historical background and periods of Brahui Ghazal. Thus, a descriptive qualitative research approach was adopted. The research paper argues that Brahui poets seem incapable of writing openly on technically sensitive topics such as aesthetics because it is very difficult to understand where aesthetics seems appropriate in poetry. Although consciously unaware of aesthetics, a few examples are found in Brahui Ghazals as reported in this article.
Motor Imaginary Task Classification using Statistically Significant Time Domain and Frequency Domain EEG features
Authors: Degirmenci Murside , Yuce Yilmaz Kemal , Isler Yalcin
Published: July 2022

Motor Imaginary (MI) electroencephalography (EEG) signals are obtained when a subject imagines a task without essentially applying it. The accurate decoding of MI EEG signals plays an important role in the design of brain-computer interface (BCI) systems due to the use of these signals in the rehabilitation process of paralyzed patients in recent studies. In this study, two different MI tasks were tried to be differentiated by extracting time-domain and frequency-domain features from 22 channel EEG signals and determining best combination of important and distinctive features based on statistical significance. MI EEG signals were supplied from BCI Competition IV Dataset-IIa. These features were differentiated using 25 different classification algorithms and 5-fold cross-validation method. The repeatability of the results was examined testing each algorithm 10 times. As a result, the highest average accuracy rate of 60.69% was calculated in the Quadratic Support Vector Machine (SVM) using all features and 62.52% in the Ensemble Subspace Discriminant (ESD) algorithm using only the selected features by the independent t-test. The results showed that the independent t-test based feature selection increased the performance in 20 classifiers, and decreased the performance in 5 classifiers. Also, the effectiveness of the feature selection method examined using the paired-sample t-test which is known as repeated measures t-test. The significance value, p-value was found as 0.04. Therefore, the independent t-test based feature selection method is an effective feature selection method and is providing the significant improvement in classifier performance.
Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells Osteogenic Differentiation on Dental Barrier Membrane
Authors: Utar Bahar , Sunal Gulsah , Pulat Gunnur , Karaman Ozan
Published: July 2022

In the field of tissue engineering, there are biodegradable bone implants with biocompatible synthetic polymers that provide successful results in many areas. Dental barrier membranes are bioabsorbable polylactide (PLA) membranes designed for use in many applications of guided bone regeneration (GBR). It provides a structure designed to attract, capture and retain fibroblasts and epithelial cells while protecting the area around the tooth for the development of bone and periodontal supporting tissue. The aim of this study was to evaluate the properties of dental barrier membranes that inhibit cell migration and promote bone formation differentiation using bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) with high differentiation and proliferation properties. As a result of the study, characterization studies and cell viability experiments of the Synthetic Barrier Membrane product were carried out, and it was observed that it had a positive effect on the adherence and viability of the BMSCs.
In House Development of Contact Microphone Based Wearable Device for Knee Joint Health Assessment Using Vibroarthrography
Authors: Verma Dhirendra Kumar , Hussain Mirsaidin , Kumari Poonam , Kanagaraj Subramani
Published: July 2022

Nowadays, bone joint disorders are very common in humans. The knee joint abnormality often comes with the increasing age of people. Cartilage degradation and rubbing action of the femoral condyle to the tibial condyle generates the knee joint sounds and this stage turns into osteoarthritis. There are pre-existing diagnosis methods available like X-ray, MRI, etc. but they have their limitations. Some treatment methods are invasive and some are semi-invasive. Early diagnosis of osteoarthritis is possible using vibroarthrography which is a purely non-invasive method and sensor signal output can be featured as an informative tool for next-level treatment. In this study, a contact microphone-based wearable device has been fabricated for knee joint health monitoring and joint angle-based sensor voltage output is characterized. The result of fast Fourier transformation from healthy subjects is observed to be from 0 Hz-100 Hz and short-term Fourier transformation is performed for the obtained decibel value from 40-45 dB. The result of a pathological knee is studied in spectral density analysis and observed a continuous emission of joint sound and signal power distribution is observed over the frequency range of 0 Hz - 500 Hz.
RỐI LOẠN GIỌNG NÓI CỦA BỆNH NHÂN PARKINSON Ở VIỆN LÃO KHOA TRUNG ƯƠNG BẰNG THANG ĐIỂM VOICE HANDICAP INDEX
Authors: Nguyễn Thiện Nhân , Cao Minh Châu , Nguyễn Thanh Bình
Published: July 2022

TÓM TẮT:  Bệnh Parkinson biểu hiện nhiều triệu chứng vận động cũng như ngoài vận động, trong đó vấn đề về giọng nói xảy ra phổ biến và ảnh hưởng đến chất lượng cuộc sống của bệnh nhân Mục tiêu: Đánh giá rối loạn giọng nói của bệnh nhân Parkinson ở viện Lão Khoa trung ương và một số yếu tố liên quan bằng thang điểm VHI. Đối tượng và phương pháp: Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang tình trạng RLGN bằng thang điểm VHI trên 55 bệnh nhân Parkinson từ tháng 1 năm 2022 đến tháng 5 năm 2022. Kết quả: Tỉ lệ rối loạn giọng nói ở bệnh nhân parkinson là 91%, trong đó các biểu hiện nhiều nhất là: Giảm độ to (88%), giọng đều đều (80%), hụt hơi khi nói (76%), giảm tốc độ nói (64%). Đánh giá mức độ nặng theo thang điểm VHI: nhẹ 40%, trung bình 54%, nặng 6%. Có mối tương quan vừa phải giữa điểm VHI với thời gian bị bệnh (r=0,328), khả năng vận động UPDRS III (r=0.576), chất lượng cuộc sống PDQ39 (r=0.493), bệnh nhân ở giai đoạn càng muộn thì điểm số VHI càng cao. Kết luận: Rối loạn giọng nói là một tình trạng phổ biến xảy ra ở bệnh nhân parkinson, gây khó khăn trong giao tiếp xã hội, lĩnh vực này cần được quan tâm nhiều hơn nữa để nâng cao chất lượng cuộc sống của người bệnh.
Diamond Fraud Elements: Implication Of Fraud Indications On Preparation Of Financial Report
Authors: Tjahjani Fera , Mulyadi Yullyana , Pujiastuti Widanarni
Published: July 2022

This research aims to explore fraud diamond elements to detect fraud indications in financial statement. Samples were taken from 32 state owned enterprises of Indonesia which published audited financial statement from 2016 to 2018. The hypothesis in this study were tested by Benish M-score model. Fraud diamond elements are financial stability measured by assets change, financial pressure measured by return on assets, external pressure measured by leverage, nature of industry measured by receivable, ineffective monitoring measured by independent commissioners, rationalization measured by total accrual to total assets and capability measured by change of directors. Nature of industry has positive effect to fraud indications in financial statement while the rest six elements have no influences.
Kalsiyum Kanal Blokeri Zehirlenmeleri
Authors: AÇIKALIN Ayça , TAŞKIN Ömer , DİŞEL Rana
Published: July 2022

Kalsiyum kanal blokerleri toplumda çok yaygın olarak kullanılan bir kardiyovasküler ilaç gurubudur. Sık reçete edilmesi, kolay ulaşılabilir olması nedeniyle özkıyım amacıyla yüksek doz alımlarına acil servislerde sıklıkla rastlanılmaktadır. Aşırı doz alımları dirençli şok, hayatı tehdit eden bradidisritmi, kardiyojenik şok, çoklu organ yetmezliği nedeniyle ölüme sebebiyet verebilir. Erken tanı ve erken tedavi hayati önem arzeder. Bu ilaçlar dirençli şok yapıcı etkileri nedeniyle ölüme sebebiyet verebilseler de etkin antidotları ve güncel tedavi yöntemleriyle de başarıyla tedavi edilebilmektedir. Bu derleme de güncel literatür eşliğinde KKB zehirlenmelerine kapsamlı bir şekilde değinilmiştir.
LIMITED ATONEMENT DAN PENGINJILAN: Suatu Tinjaun Historis
Authors: Timotius Timotius , Winanto Oey Natanael
Published: July 2022

Evangelism is the great mandate of the Lord Jesus before going up to heaven. However, several problems arose related to the concept of evangelism. This happens when the concept of evangelism is associated with a limited redemption doctrine in Reformed theology. The question is whether limited redemption doctrine has prevented evangelism? Harold Dekker said that, limited redemption doctrine had hindered the activity of evangelism in the Reformed Church. According to Dekker, this is because the limited redemption doctrine has made Reformed people no longer say that Jesus died for you to people who do not believe. This paper will explore the history of evangelism carried out by the Reformed Church to prove that limited redemption doctrines do not hinder the activity of reformed church evangelism.
 
Penginjilan merupakan Amanat Agung Tuhan Yesus sebelum naik ke surga. Namun, muncul beberapa masalah berkaitan dengan konsep penginjilan. Hal itu terjadi ketika konsep penginjilan dikaitkan dengan doktrin penebusan terbatas dalam teologi Reformed. Pertanyaannya adalah apakah doktrin penebusan terbatas telah menghalangi penginjilan? Harold Dekker mengatakan bahwa, doktrin penebusan terbatas telah menghalangi aktifitas penginjilan dalam gereja Reformed. Menurut Dekker, hal itu dikarenakan doktrin penebusan terbatas telah membuat orang-orang Reformed tidak bisa lagi mengatakan bahwa Yesus mati bagimu kepada orang yang belum percaya. Karya tulis ini akan menelusuri sejarah penginjilan yang dilakukan oleh gereja Reformed untuk membuktikan bahwa doktrin penebusan terbatas tidak menghalangi aktifitas penginjilan gereja Reformed.
PEMBINAAN GURU PENDIDIKAN AGAMA KRISTEN DALAM PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER PESERTA DIDIK DI SEKOLAH
Authors: Mbeo Ella Tesalonika , Krisdiantoro Andreas Bayu
Published: July 2022

Teacher character is an important part that cannot be separated from the lives of students. Therefore, the need for good teacher characteristics is very important to forming good and commendable students. It should be realized that most students currently experience character crisis problems, whereas peseta students are not controlled by the influence of the development of science and technology. Seeing this, this study aims to explain the development of the Christian religious education teacher to the formation of the character of the club to recognize the Christ Jesus in accordance with the teachings of the Bible. The method used in this study is a descriptive qualitative research method. The results of this study show that Christian education teachers have the role of transferring knowledge and character to students, thus having an impact on the growth of students' faith.
 
Karakter guru merupakan bagian penting yang tidak bisa dipisahkan dari kehidupan peserta didik. Oleh karena itu perlunya karakter guru yang baik sangat berperan penting untuk membentuk karakter peserta didik yang baik dan terpuji. Perlu disadari bahwa saat ini sebagian besar peserta didik mengalami masalah krisis karakter, di mana peseta didik tidak terkontrol oleh pengaruh perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi. Melihat hal ini, penelitian ini bertujuan menjelaskan pembinaan guru Pendidikan Agama Kristen terhadap pembentukan karakter perserta didik untuk mengenal Kristus Yesus secara benar sesuai dengan ajaran Alkitab. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian kualitaif deskriptif. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah guru Pendidikan Agama Kristen memiliki peran mentransfer pengetahuan dan karakter kepada peserta didik, sehingga memiliki dampak pada pertumbuhan iman peserta didik.
PENGARUH PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER ANAK USIA DINI PADA KELUARGA YANG TIDAK MEMILIKI AYAH
Authors: Banu Sriwadi , Manik Novida Dwici Yuanri
Published: July 2022

Character education for early childhood who live only with single parents or who do not have a father, where the father of the family is still alive but has a different place of residence. Therefore he does not play a role as a father in the upbringing of a child. Through this journal, the author wants to describe the character education of a child in a fatherless family. Where in the family a child should receive character education, protection, and complete attention from parents at an early age. This paper is a literature review using a historical approach. The absence of a father figure in the family makes children lose attention, affection, and one of the roles of parents that are lacking in the family, especially in a child. As parents, always instill character education and Christian values ??in children through actions and habits and explanations. In the practice of character education in a family without a father, the mother will involve other parties such as grandfather, grandmother and the closest people in the family to help educate character, and look after children. Every obstacle experienced by a mother in carrying out her role as a housewife as well as having to be a father to support children. For this reason, the character of children who have been formed from family education without a father will make children independent, not spoiled, and obedient children.
 
Pendidikan karakter untuk anak usia dini yang hidup hanya dengan orang tua tunggal atau yang tidak memiliki ayah, dimana ayah dari keluarga tersebut masih hidup namun memiliki tempat tinggal yang berbeda. Oleh sebab itu ia tidak berperan sebagai ayah dalam pengasuhan seorang anak. Melalui jurnal ini, penulis ingin menjabarkan tentang pendidikan karakter seorang anak dalam keluarga tanpa ayah. Dimana seharusnya dalam keluarga seorang anak mestinya mendapatkan pendidikan karakter, perlindungan, serta perhatian dari orang tua lengkap di usia dini. Tulisan ini merupakan kajian pustaka dengan menggunakan pendekatan historis. Ketidakhadiran sosok seorang ayah dalam keluarga membuat anak kehilangan perhatian, kasih sayang, dan salah satu peran orang tua yang kurang di dalam keluarga terkhususnya dalam diri seorang anak. Sebagai orang tua, selalu menanamkan pendidikan karakter serta nilai-nilai Kristiani terhadap anak melalui tindakan dan pembiasaan serta penjelasan. Dalam praktik pendidikan karakter dalam keluarga tanpa seorang ayah, ibu akan melibatkan pihak lain seperti kakek, nenek dan orang terdekat yang ada dalam keluarga untuk membantu mendidik karakter, dan menjaga anak. Setiap kendala yang dialami oleh seorang ibu dalam menjalankan perannya sebagai ibu rumah tangga sekaligus harus menjadi ayah untuk menafkahi anak. Untuk itu, karakter anak yang telah dibentuk dari pendidikan keluarga tanpa adanya seorang ayah, akan menjadikan anak menjadi mandiri, tidak manja, serta anak yang penurut.
PEMIMPINAN YANG MEMBERDAYAKAN: Perspektif Kepemimpinan Kristen
Authors: Zebua Yaterorogo
Published: July 2022

There are many things that need to be learned, not just theories and teachings that contribute to increasing knowledge and intellectuals. And all of that really needs to be thought about, but we also need to realize that our lives cannot be separated from the concept of leadership. John Maxwell has a view that leadership is self-management and a lifestyle. So, whether we realize it or not, actually everyone has the potential to lead. The research method used is descriptive qualitative with literature analysis associated with the topic of discussion. The result is at a simple level everyone has the right to lead himself. At the next level one can lead the community and even a group of structured and planned organizations. At the next level a person can lead a community and even a group of structured and planned organizations. Many people get out of bed every morning and ask what they can do to show and tell people about Jesus, to make those people become true disciples of God and they themselves behave like true disciples of God. true too. Therefore, it is very necessary to have an empowerment for their lifestyle and mindset.
 
Ada banyak hal yang perlu dipelajari, bukan hanya teori dan ajaran yang berkontribusi pada peningkatan pengetahuan dan intelektual. Dan semua itu benar-benar perlu dipikirkan, tetapi kita juga perlu menyadari bahwa hidup kita tidak dapat dipisahkan dari konsep kepemimpinan. John Maxwell memiliki pandangan bahwa kepemimpinan adalah manajemen diri dan gaya hidup. Jadi, apakah kita menyadarinya atau tidak, sebenarnya semua orang berpotensi memimpin. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif desktriptif dengan analisis literatur yang terkait dengan topik pembahasan. Hasilnya adalah adalah pada tingkat sederhana setiap orang memiliki hak untuk memimpin sendiri. Pada tingkat berikutnya seseorang dapat memimpin komunitas dan bahkan sekelompok organisasi terstruktur dan terencana. Banyak orang bangun dari tempat tidur setiap pagi dan bertanya apa yang dapat mereka lakukan untuk menunjukkan dan memberi tahu orang-orang tentang Yesus, untuk membuat orang-orang itu menjadi murid sejati Allah dan mereka sendiri berperilaku seperti murid Allah yang sejati. Oleh karena itu, sangat diperlukan untuk memiliki pemberdayaan untuk gaya hidup dan pola pikir mereka.
PERKEMBANGAN ILMU PENGETAHUAN DAN KEMISKINAN
Authors: Sihura Selatieli
Published: July 2022

Advances in science have brought great changes in human life. Progress has brought mankind on earth to be king over all of God's creation. Genesis 1:28 has been understood indefinitely; Humans feel they have great power on earth, as a result, the earth suffers, nature cries because the earth is the object of exploitation of scientific progress. Humans have an increasing desire to dominate and exploit the earth. Greed becomes a lifestyle and indifference to others and the environment as if it is a normal thing and is tolerated. Even though it is undeniable that scientific progress has brought new hope for humans, humans have become wild animals for their natural environment and for each other. This study aims to analyze poverty as an economic and ecological problem in which human actions on the natural environment are involved, humans are the main actors of all life activities. The writing method used is Christian ethical theology with an approach to economic theology and ecological theology. The results of this paper are first, humans feel they have great power to change the world and the universe, resulting in environmental damage and poverty. Second, poverty is considered a personal problem and not a social problem, so they feel they do not have a social responsibility to help the poor. Third, technological advances have brought many changes, both positive and negative.
 
Kemajuan ilmu pengetahuan telah membawa perubahan besar dalam kehidupan manusia. Kemajuan telah membawa umat manusia di bumi menjadi raja atas segala ciptaan Tuhan. Kejadian 1:28 telah dipahami secara bebas tanpa batas; manusia merasa memiliki kekuasaan yang besar di bumi, akibatnya bumi menjadi menderita, alam menangis karena bumi menjadi obyek eksploitasi kemajuan ilmu pengetahuan. Manusia memiliki hasrat yang meningkat untuk menguasai dan mengeksploitasi bumi. Keserakahan menjadi gaya hidup dan ketidakpedulian terhadap sesama dan lingkungan seakan suatu hal biasa dan ditolerir. Sekalipun tidak bisa dipungkiri bahwa kemajuan ilmu pengetahuan telah membawa pengharapan baru bagi manusia, namun dibalik itu juga manusia telah menjadi binatang buas bagi alam lingkungannya dan bagi sesamanya. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa kemiskinan sebagai masalah ekonomi dan ekologi di mana di dalamnya tercakup tindakan manusia terhadap lingkungan alam, manusia menjadi pemeran utama dari keseluruhan aktifitas kehidupan tersebut. Metode penulisan yang digunakan adalah bidang teologi etika Kristen dengan pendekatan teologi ekonomi dan teologi ekologi. Hasil dari penulisan ini adalah pertama, manusia merasa memiliki kuasa besar untuk mengubah dunia alam semesta, akibatnya terjadi kerusakan lingkungan dan kemiskinan. Kedua, kemiskinan dianggap sebagai masalah pribadi dan bukan masalah sosial, sehingga merasa tidak memiliki tanggung jawab sosial masyarakat dalam membantu orang miskin. Ketiga, kemajuan teknologi telah membawa banyak perubahan baik secara positip maupun negatif.
TEXT AND BIBLE CANONIZATION
Authors: Damanik Dapot , Simanungkalit Lasmaria Nami
Published: July 2022

God uses the Bible as a means of introducing himself in a special way (a special revelation to people who want to believe). The writers of this Bible are human beings who at the time of writing have been or are being controlled by the Holy Spirit. Even though they did the writing for a specific purpose, these writings were history for the next generation, giving advice, making poetry but in the end the canon team found that the writing was authoritative as the word of God. The importance of textual alignment and canonization of the Bible is due to the many interpretations of various theological circles. The purpose of this study is to discuss the text (books) and the canonization of the Bible and how it implies for Christians. The method in this research uses a qualitative approach with a literature study in the field of systematic theology. The result is that the determination of the canon is very important, because in this way the church states frankly, that the future of God's revelation begins in the Old Testament and ends in the New Testament. The canon of the Bible is central to the life of a Christian, because it is related to the scriptures.
 
Tuhan memakai Alkitab Sebagai sarana dalam memperkenalkan diri secara khusus (penyataan khusus kepada manusia yang mau percaya). Para penulis dari Alkitab ini adalah manusia yang saat melakukan penulisan telah atau sedang dikuasai oleh Roh Kudus. Walaupun mereka melakukan penulisan tersebut untuk tujuan tertentu, tetapi tulisan-tulisan tersebut mensejarahkan kepada generasi berikut, memberikan nasehat, membuat syair tetapi pada akhirnya tim kanon menemukan bahwa ternyata tulisan tersebut berwibawa sebagai firman Tuhan. Pentingnya pelurusan terhadap teks dan kanonisasi Alkitab disebabkan oleh banyaknya interpretasi berbagai kalangan teologi. Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah mendiskusikan teks (kitab-kitab) dan kanonisasi Alkitab dan bagaimana implikasinya bagi umat Kristen. Metode dalam penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan studi literatur bidang teologi sistematika. Hasilnya adalah penetapan kanon tersebut sangat penting, sebab dengan demikian gereja menyatakan dengan berterus terang, bahwa masa depan penyataan Tuhan diawali dalam Perjanjian Lama dan telah diakhiri dengan Perjanjian Baru. Kanon Alkitab merupakan hal yang sentral dalam kehidupan orang Kristen, karena hal tersebut berkaitan dengan kitab suci.