bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CARACTERIZAÇÃO DE DISSERTAÇÕES DA ENFERMAGEM: TIPO DE ABORDAGEM E PRODUTOS GERADOS
Authors: Chaves Ana Cláudia Cardozo , Santanna Julia Gomes Fernandes Costa de , Costa Raphael Raniere de Oliveira , Medeiros Soraya Maria de
Published: August 2017

O presente estudo teve por objetivos descrever tipos de abordagem e delineamentos das dissertações produzidas no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (PPGEnf-UFRN) ao longo dos anos, e caracterizar publicações científicas produzidas por alunos e egressos, e analisar as relações existentes entre esses aspectos. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo-exploratório, documental, realizado através do levantamento das dissertações produzidas no PPGEnf-UFRN em nível de mestrado acadêmico, junto aos dados disponíveis na Plataforma Lattes sobre produções dos alunos e egressos no período de 1999 até agosto de 2012.  As 185 dissertações produzidas no PPGEnf-UFRN foram publicadas entre os anos de 1999 e 2012. Foi possível identificar que as dissertações apresentam maior predominância da abordagem qualitativa (61%), e estudos com delineamento não experimentais (99%). O estudo evidenciou o potencial produtivo do programa de pós-graduação estudado.Descritores: Educação em Enfermagem; Tendências; Pesquisa; Artigo de Revista.
TREINAMENTO MUSCULAR INSPIRATÓRIO EM INDIVÍDUOS OBESOS: UM ESTUDO PILOTO
Authors: Donato Letícia , Maldaner Loani , Horn Roberta Cattaneo , Chaves Leandro , Kohl Leandro De Moraes , Albuquerque Isabella Martins de , Gelatti Gabriela Tassotti , Callegaro Carine C
Published: August 2017

Objetivo: Investigar os efeitos do TMI sobre a lipoperoxidação em indivíduos obesos. Metodologia: Participaram desse estudo sete indivíduos obesos com idade média de 34 ± 5 anos. Foi avaliada a força muscular respiratória, a resistência muscular inspiratória, a tolerância ao exercício pelo teste de caminhada de 6 minutos (TC6m), a qualidade de vida e a ocorrência de lipoperoxidação através da determinação dos níveis de substâncias reativas ao ácido tiobarbitúrico (TBARS), antes e após quatro semanas de TMI, realizado à 30% da pressão inspiratória máxima. Resultados: O TMI induziu aumento na força muscular inspiratória (p=0,008), na resistência muscular inspiratória (p=0,0003), bem como ocasionou melhora no domínio físico do escore de qualidade de vida. Entretanto, o TMI não alterou a distância percorrida no TC6m e os níveis de TBARS (p=0,85). Conclusão: Quatro semanas de TMI aumentam a força e resistência muscular inspiratória, bem como melhoram o domínio físico da qualidade de vida, porém não altera os níveis de TBARS em obesos.Descritores: Obesidade; Respiração; Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio; Estresse Oxidativo; Exercício.
Return of the Tug-of-War
Authors: McNamara Julie
Published: August 2017

In this updated version of a Marilyn Burns task, students use algebraic reasoning to determine the outcome of a contest involving rebel fighters, storm troopers, and (of course) Chewbacca.
By Way of Introduction: Extend an invitation
Authors: Katt Susie
Published: August 2017

Share news about happenings in the field of elementary school mathematics education, views on matters pertaining to teaching and learning mathematics in the early childhood or elementary school years, and reactions to previously published opinion pieces or articles.
The cycling shop
Authors: Liebert Sara
Published: August 2017

The August 2016 problem scenario introduces a task designed around SMP 2: Reason abstractly and quantitatively, and encourages students to move between decontextualizing and contextualizing as they work toward solutions. To access the full-size activity sheet, go to http://www.nctm.org/tcm, All Issues. Each month, this section of the Problem Solvers department showcases students' in-depth thinking and discusses the classroom results of using problems presented in previous issues of Teaching Children Mathematics. Find detailed submission guidelines for all departments at http://www.nctm.org/WriteForTCM.
How Can Students Learn Fraction (De)Composition?
Authors: Perry Rebecca R. , Lewis Catherine C.
Published: August 2017

Examine with us how students “understand fractions as numbers” and “view fractions” as being built out of unit fractions” two emphases of CCSSM.
Capturing Children's Multiplication and Division Stories
Authors: McCormick Kelly K. , Essex N. Kathryn
Published: August 2017

Learn the value of having students create their own stories and pictures to represent number sentences as classroom assessments.
Number Strings: Daily Computational Fluency
Authors: Lambert Rachel , Imm Kara , Williams Dina A.
Published: August 2017

Second graders use this beneficial instructional routine alongside the Standards for Mathematical Practice.
Support your side
Authors: Noteman Nicole , Lewis Stephen
Published: August 2017

Use minimath debates to allow students to take ownership, support, and critique mathematical ideas to convince peers why they agree or disagree with particular mathematical statements. Postscript items are designed as rich grab-and-go resources that any teacher can quickly incorporate into his or her classroom repertoire with little effort and maximum impact.
Shame on me? Shame on you! Emotional reactions to cinematic portrayals of the Holocaust
Authors: Kopf-Beck Johannes , Gaisbauer Felix , Dengler Susanne
Published: August 2017

The media are playing an increasingly important role in teaching the public about the history of the Holocaust. In Germany, however, Holocaust documentaries have been criticized for eliciting unintended, adverse reactions among the viewers, such as distancing from the victims or calling for closing the books on the past. This criticism stems from the concern that such reactions pose an obstacle to critical-constructive engagement and coming to terms with history. This study examines the interplay between cinematic representation of the Holocaust, film-induced defensive strategies, and group-based emotions of shame. Based on a content analysis of six different film excerpts, we investigated the mediating effects of four defensiveness strategies (distancing from victims, victim blaming, closeness to perpetrators, and rejection of the relevance of the Holocaust) on group-based shame in a sample of 224 pupils from Germany’s third post-war generation in a quasi-experimental field study. The results reveal the complexity of film-portrayals which can foster as well as hinder group-based shame and thus, a constructive dealing with past injustice.
Explotação e exploração do conhecimento organizacional: inovações nos bares e restaurantes de Campina Grande
Authors: Lucena Fábio de Oliveira , Correia Arthur Gomes de Barros , Clemente Fabrícia Gomes , Gonçalves Filho Ricardo Kleber Braga , Popadiuk Silvio
Published: August 2017

No contexto dos processos organizacionais, visando à obtenção de vantagens competitivas, o conhecimento nas organizações pode ser analisado tanto na perspectiva de maior aproveitamento dos conhecimentos já existentes na organização (exploitation) ou com a ideia de prospecção, com o fim de se obter novos conhecimentos (exploration). Setores como o de bares e restaurantes sofrem um processo de concorrência muito elevada, exigindo um gerenciamento adequado do conhecimento, com perspectivas exploiter e/ou explorer, de modo que as inovações sejam rápidas, consistentes e adequadas ao mercado. Investigações que ilustrem as orientações exploiter e/ou explorer no ramo de bares e restaurantes não foram encontradas em bases de dados de pesquisas. Neste sentido, a presente investigação teve por objetivo analisar as orientações exploiter e/ou explorer, no tocante às inovações dos bares e restaurantes de Campina Grande. Para tal, a pesquisa aplicou um questionário referente à escala de orientação exploiter e/ou explorer (POPADIUK, 2010) em 50 estabelecimentos de Campina Grande. A pesquisa, de natureza descritiva, teve seus dados tratados de forma quantitativa. Estatísticas descritivas foram realizadas e analisadas, indicando não haver uma orientação prevalente de exploitation ou exploration, sinalizando, desse modo, a ambidestria na gestão do conhecimento das organizações investigadas.
Determinant Factors Leading to Tobacco Consumption: Implica-tions for Social Marketing
Authors: Carneiro Jailson Santana , Ramos Roberto Rodrigues , Carreiro Jayne Brazil Xenofonte , Brasil Marcus Vinicius de Oliveira
Published: August 2017

Although marketing is related to a management perspective, this field of study have suffered changes in order to provide a better balance to the exchange system. The social marketing appears in this context as an important tool capable to correct these socials imbalances, in some cases, caused by the existence of harmful products and services to the consumer, as the alcohol and tobacco. The aim of this study was to evaluate behavioral and social conditions that lead people to smoke. By doing so, it was developed a literature review about Social Marketing and about tobacco consumption, which revealed the main factors influencing people to smoke. At the empirical work, it was used the Reasons for Smoking Scale, developed by Sousa et al. (2010) at the University of São Paulo (USP). The results were achieved through quantitative approaches, with SPSS 21 support. The field research to collect data was held in three cities of the state of Ceará – Brazil (Juazeiro do Norte, Crato e Barbalha), totalizing 103 valid responses, which demonstrated a great reliability of the scale (α=0.91)
Analysis of the internationalization strategies of Colombian banking services companies between 2000 and 2015
Authors: Jiménez Andrés Mauricio Chavarro , Álvarez Georgina Fernández , Vargas-Hernández José G.
Published: August 2017

This article analyzes the internationalization strategies of Colombian banking services companies between 2000 and 2015 and analyzes their internationalization process in light of the theory of eclectic theory of Dunning (1988). For this, a review of the internationalization literature is made, emphasizing the OLI model. Next, the internationalization strategies of Colombian banking services companies are presented during the period in question. Finally, it is analyzed the internationalization of Colombian banking to Central America through the Eclectic theory.
Eco-innovation and organizational strategy: a bibliometric study in the last 15 years (2001-2015)
Authors: Da Rocha Adilson Carlos , Neto Pedro José Steiner , Cunha João Carlos , Lara Larissa Mongruel Martins de , Halick Zélia
Published: August 2017

This study aimed to analyze the characteristics of publications dealing with the Eco-innovation and Strategy issues in the databases Web of Science and Scopus in the period 2001-2015, and identify what topics are being studied along this theme and which are the most relevant, conducting a comparison of results found in the two databases (Web of Science and Scopus). The study has a quantitative approach in order that sought to evaluate some variables related to scientific production on the subject researched. The analysis found 96 publications in the Web of Science and 109 in Scopus. Comparing both surveyed bases it is found that the number of publications increased dramatically in the last decade and that European countries lead the ranking as the number of publications. It is noticed that in both databases, the authors of the most cited publications are not among the authors who have published over in the period. The most cited articles in both surveyed bases belong to the journals: Journal of Cleaner Production and Technovation.
A busca da satisfação no pós parto, sem dor!
Authors: Sancovski Mauro
Published: August 2017

Não se aplica
Uso da monitoração ambulatorial da pressão arterial nos distúrbios hipertensivos gestacionais
Authors: Prado Pâmela Fernanda , Silva Stael Silvana Bagno Eleutério da
Published: August 2017

A gravidez é um fenômeno fisiológico, mas os danos gestacionais à saúde materna e fetal podem ocorrer durante o seu progresso. Os transtornos hipertensivos gestacionais, considerados a principal causa de óbitos obstétricos diretos, são responsáveis por altas taxas de morbidade e mortalidade materna e perinatal, o que os torna um grande problema de saúde pública. Sabe-se que há diferenças significativas entre a medida casual da pressão arterial em nível domiciliar e a obtida em nível ambulatorial e/ou hospitalar. Por isso, o uso da monitoração ambulatorial da pressão arterial (MAPA) é uma importante estratégia utilizada na confirmação do diagnóstico e no controle da hipertensão, pois permite a avaliação precisa da pressão arterial através de um registro sistematizado e eficiente. As pesquisas científicas confirmam a importância do uso da MAPA em relação aos transtornos hipertensivos, destacando, principalmente, sua correlação com os valores obtidos quando comparados à medida casual e à automedida residencial da pressão. Nessas circunstâncias, concluiu-se que a MAPA é uma ferramenta vantajosa no controle da pressão e para os cuidados com mulheres grávidas. A assistência prestada pelos enfermeiros obstétricos com o uso da MAPA é relevante porque minimiza a possibilidade de morte fetal e de morte materna por hipertensão, possibilitando planos de atendimento com base em níveis de pressão mais confiáveis do que a medida casual.
Rare Giant Cell Tumor of the Distal Flexor Digitorum Longus Tendon Sheath and Early Diagnosis with Use of Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Levi Michael , Crafton Jordan
Published: September 2017

Giant-cell tumor of the tendon sheath (GCT-TS) is an uncommon occurrence for a foot and ankle surgeon. However, there is a need to recognize the symptoms of typical and atypical presentations of this pathology. These benign neoplasms are recognized clinically as a soft-tissue mass that is usually painless and palpable. The foot and ankle account for only 3% to 5% of all GCT-TS in the body, with most being located in the hand. Giant cell tumor in the tendon sheath occurring in the foot and ankle is usually encountered on the lateral ankle and dorsum of the foot, occupying the extensor tendons. Additionally, it is commonly misdiagnosed clinically. This case study illustrates how early use of magnetic resonance imaging decreased patient morbidity with early recognition and excision of GCT-TS.
Single Osteopathic Manipulative Therapy Session Dampens Acute Autonomic and Neuroendocrine Responses to Mental Stress in Healthy Male Participants
Authors: Fornari Mauro , Carnevali Luca , Sgoifo Andrea
Published: August 2017

Context

The efficacy of osteopathic manipulative therapy (OMTh; manipulative care provided by foreign-trained osteopaths) is supported by observational data and patient feedback, but there is still a need for objective, quantitative biomarkers that allow measurement of the underlying mechanisms. No study exploring the protective potential of OMTh for mental stress has been published, to the authors’ knowledge.

Objectives

To explore the modulating effect of OMTh on autonomic neural regulation of the heart and verifiy its ability to influence the activity of the hypothalmic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis.

Methods

Healthy young adult men who had never received OMTh were exposed to either a brief protocol using craniosacral techniques or sham therapy (control) involving the same anatomical areas. A laboratory stress episode consisting of a 5-minute arithmetic task participants were required to perform in front of a committee preceded the therapy sessions. Continuous electrocardiograph recordings were done before, during, and after the stress episode. Heart rate and frequency-domain parameters of heart rate variability (specifically, high-frequency component power in normalized units and the ratio of low-frequency to high-frequency power) were measured to quantify the activity of the parasympathetic nervous system and the state of sympathovagal balance at the level of the heart, respectively. Saliva samples were also collected at points throughout the study to determine cortisol levels.

Results

Osteopathic manipulative therapy reduced the overall chronotropic effect of the stressor (t=−2.9, P<.05) and counteracted the vagal withdrawal and the shift of autonomic balance toward sympathetic prevalence (t=−2.8, P<.05) that were observed in control participants. Moreover, OMTh participants had a much lower overall cortisol level during the mental stressor compared with control participants (t=−2.3, P<.05). Participants in the OMTh group did not show the statistically significant reduction in the amplitude of the cortisol awakening response observed in their control counterparts after the stress episode (control: t=2.7, P<.05; OMT: P=.83).

Conclusion

The application of a single OMTh session to healthy participants induced a faster recovery of heart rate and sympathovagal balance after an acute mental stressor by substantially dampening parasympathetic withdrawal and sympathetic prevalence. The OMTh session also prevented the typical increase in cortisol levels observed immediately after a brief mental challenge.
Intuitive Judgement in the Context of Osteopathic Clinical Reasoning
Authors: Liem Torsten
Published: August 2017

Previous research into osteopathic clinical and diagnostic decision making suggests that reasoning is commonly based on highly analytical as well as intuitive processes. According to the dual-process theory, the intuitive and analytical processing that leads to decision making is equally important in diagnostic reasoning. This article aims to explore the underlying and influencing factors that may lead to the development and reliability of intuition in clinical decision making generally and in osteopathic clinical reasoning specifically. Practical suggestions are given on how to encourage the development of intuition within the context of osteopathic teaching and practice.
The Epidemiology of Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Autoantibody–Associated Vasculitis in Olmsted County, Minnesota
Authors: Berti Alvise , Cornec Divi , Crowson Cynthia S. , Specks Ulrich , Matteson Eric L.
Published: September 2017

Objective

To estimate the annual incidence, prevalence, and mortality of antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody (ANCA)–associated vasculitis (AAV) and its subsets, granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Wegener's) (GPA), microscopic polyangiitis (MPA), and eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Churg‐Strauss) (EGPA), in a US‐based adult population.

Methods

All medical records of patients with a diagnosis of, or suspicion of having, AAV in Olmsted County, Minnesota from January 1, 1996 to December 31, 2015 were reviewed. AAV incidence rates were age‐ and sex‐adjusted to the 2010 US white population. Age‐ and sex‐adjusted prevalence of AAV was calculated on January 1, 2015. Survival rates observed in the study cohort were compared with expected rates in the Minnesota population.

Results

Of the 58 incident cases of AAV in Olmsted County during the study period, 23 (40%) were cases of GPA, 28 (48%) were cases of MPA, and 7 (12%) were cases of EGPA. Overall, 28 (48%) of the patients with AAV were women and 57 (98%) were white. The mean ± SD age at diagnosis was 61.1 ± 16.5 years. Thirty‐four patients (61%) had myeloperoxidase (MPO)–ANCAs, and 17 (30%) were positive for proteinase 3 (PR3)–ANCAs; 5 (9%) were ANCA‐negative. The annual incidence of AAV was 3.3 per 100,000 population (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 2.4–4.1). The incidence rates of GPA, MPA, and EGPA were 1.3 (95% CI 0.8–1.8), 1.6 (95% CI 1.0–2.2), and 0.4 (95% CI 0.1–0.6), respectively. The overall prevalence of AAV was 42.1 per 100,000 (95% CI 29.6–54.6). The mortality rate among AAV patients overall, and among patients with EGPA, those with MPA, and those with MPO‐ANCAs, was increased in comparison to the Minnesota general population (each P < 0.05), whereas mortality rates among patients with GPA, those with PR3‐ANCAs, and ANCA‐negative patients did not differ from that in the general population.

Conclusion

The annual incidence of AAV in Olmsted County, Minnesota over the 20 years of the study was 3.3 per 100,000, with a prevalence of 42.1 per 100,000, which is substantially higher than the rates reported in other areas worldwide. The incidence of GPA was similar to that of MPA. Patients with MPA and those with EGPA, but not patients with GPA, experienced higher rates of mortality than that in the Minnesota general population. MPO‐ANCAs were a marker of poor survival in this population of patients with AAV.
Evaluation of CT's ASIST program: Specialized services to divert higher risk defendants
Authors: Frisman Linda K. , Lin Hsiu‐Ju , Rodis Eleni T. , Grzelak Joseph , Aiello Michael
Published: September 2017

Some criminal defendants with mental illness may not be referred to traditional mental health jail diversion programs because they have a history of non‐compliance with treatment, or complex personal circumstances such as homelessness. To successfully divert such individuals, Connecticut has developed a specialized program called the Advanced Supervision and Intervention Support Team (ASIST), which offers criminal justice supervision in conjunction with mental health treatment and support services. An evaluation of the ASIST program included a six‐month follow‐up study of 111 program clients to examine mental health functioning and other outcomes, and a comparison of administrative data for 492 ASIST clients with a propensity‐matched group to examine recidivism. Follow‐up study clients showed improvements in mental health. Administrative data showed no change in arrest rates, but a significant reduction in re‐incarceration. These findings must be viewed with caution due to the quasi‐experimental design of the study, but it appears that greater attention to criminogenic needs in addition to defendants' mental illness may help jurisdictions to divert a wider variety of defendants.
Learning Analytics Across a Statewide System
Authors: Buyarski Catherine , Murray Jim , Torstrick Rebecca
Published: September 2017

This chapter explores lessons learned from two different learning analytics efforts at a large, public, multicampus university—one internally developed and one vended platform. It raises questions about how to best use analytics to support students while keeping students responsible for their own learning and success.
Ethics and Justice in Learning Analytics
Authors: Johnson Jeffrey Alan
Published: September 2017

The many complex challenges posed by learning analytics can best be understood within a framework of structural justice, which focuses on the ways in which the informational, operational, and organizational structures of learning analytics influence students’ capacities for self‐development and self‐determination. This places primary responsibility for ethical use of learning analytics on institutions rather than on users.
Three‐factor structure and psychometric properties of Witte's Risk Behaviour Diagnosis Scale: A French version adapted to diabetes
Authors: Guarnaccia Cinzia , Henry Sophie
Published: September 2017

The aim of this study was to verify the psychometric properties and the factorial structure of Witte's Risk Behaviour Diagnosis (RBD). This article shows the results of a French version of the RBD adapted to diabetes screening. An exploratory factor analysis was carried out in order to understand the number of underlying factors, a confirmatory factor analysis was performed and the four‐factor model proposed by the author and alternative models were compared. The concurrent validity was tested by a correlational analysis with the Perceived Fear Emotions Scale. The results confirmed a stable factor structure for the 12‐item version, with three factors reflecting total efficacy, severity of and susceptibility to threat. The value of having a psychometrically valid instrument to assess the impact of fear appeal‐based campaigns is linked to the current lack of a comprehensive assessment tool and the importance of preventing health risk behaviours.
Effects of Rifampin on the Pharmacokinetics of a Single Dose of Istradefylline in Healthy Subjects
Authors: Mukai Mayumi , Uchimura Tatsuo , Zhang Xiaoping , Greene Douglas , Vergeire Maria , Cantillon Marc
Published: September 2017

Istradefylline, a selective adenosine A2A inhibitor, is under development for the treatment of Parkinson's disease. The effect of oral steady‐state rifampin 600 mg/day, a potent cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A4 inducer, on the disposition of a single oral dose of istradefylline 40 mg was determined in a crossover study in 20 healthy subjects by measuring plasma concentrations of istradefylline and its M1 and M8 metabolites and their derived pharmacokinetic parameters. Based on the geometric mean ratio of log‐transformed data, rifampin reduced istradefylline exposure: Cmax, 0.55 (90%CI, 0.49–0.62); AUClast, 0.21 (90%CI, 0.19–0.22); and AUCinf, 0.19 (90%CI, 0.18–0.20), indicating nonequivalence. These changes were primarily because of the effect of rifampin on the elimination parameters of istradefylline; mean CL/F was increased from 4.0 to 20.6 L/h, and mean t1/2 was reduced from 94.8 to 31.5 hours. The effect of rifampin coadministration on the disposition of the istradefylline M1 and M8 metabolites was inconsistent and variable. Furthermore, as exposure of the istradefylline M1 and M8 metabolites in plasma was generally <9% of total drug exposure, it would be expected to have a negligible impact on the pharmacodynamic effect of istradefylline. Caution should be exercised when istradefylline is administered concurrently with strong CYP3A4 inducers and dose adjustment considered.
Adverse Health Complaints of Adults Exposed to Benzene After a Flaring Disaster at the BP Refinery Facility in Texas City, Texas
Authors: D’Andrea Mark A. , Reddy G. Kesava
Published: September 2017

Objective

The objective of this study was to assess the adverse health symptoms experienced by adult subjects who were exposed to benzene after a flaring disaster at the BP refinery in Texas City, Texas.

Methods

A total of 2162 adults aged 18 years or older and exposed to benzene were included. Using the patients’ medical charts, we collected and analyzed data on health complaints as well as the patients’ serum levels of beta-2-microglobulin and urinary excretion of phenol.

Results

A total of 11,368 health symptom complaints were reported in 2162 adults exposed to benzene. Neurological symptoms occurred most frequently (174%), followed upper respiratory symptoms (115%), cough (31%), painful joints (30%), cardiac symptoms (28%), dermatological symptoms (28%), gastrointestinal symptoms (27%), diarrhea (25%), vision symptoms (21%), and nausea/vomiting (19%). Logistic regression analysis indicated that urinary symptoms (R2=0.65) and painful joints (R2=0.44) were positively associated with increasing age in benzene-exposed subjects.

Conclusion

Adult subjects exposed to benzene experience a range of adverse health symptoms and an altered profile of urinary phenol, thus indicating they are at high risk of developing serious future health complications. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2018;12:232–240)
BASIC KNOWLEDGE FIRST
Authors: Ichikawa Jonathan Jenkins
Published: September 2017

An influential twenty-first century philosophical project posits a central role for knowledge: knowledge is more fundamental than epistemic states like belief and justification. So-called “knowledge first” theorists find support for this thought in identifying central theoretical roles for knowledge. I argue that a similar methodology supports a privileged role for a more specific category ofbasic knowledge. Some of the roles that knowledge first theorists have posited for knowledge generally are better suited for basic knowledge.
A Conley-type decomposition of the strong chain recurrent set
Authors: BERNARDI OLGA , FLORIO ANNA
Published: September 2017

For a continuous flow on a compact metric space, the aim of this paper is to prove a Conley-type decomposition of the strong chain recurrent set. We first discuss in detail the main properties of strong chain recurrent sets. We then introduce the notion of strongly stable set as a closed invariant set which is the intersection of the $\unicode[STIX]{x1D714}$-limits of a specific family of nested and definitively invariant neighborhoods of itself. This notion strengthens that of stable set; moreover, any attractor turns out to be strongly stable. We then show that strongly stable sets play the role of attractors in the decomposition of the strong chain recurrent set; indeed, we prove that the strong chain recurrent set coincides with the intersection of all strongly stable sets and their complementary.
FROBENIUS ACTIONS ON LOCAL COHOMOLOGY MODULES AND DEFORMATION
Authors: MA LINQUAN , QUY PHAM HUNG
Published: September 2017

Let $(R,\mathfrak{m})$ be a Noetherian local ring of characteristic $p>0$. We introduce and study $F$-full and $F$-anti-nilpotent singularities, both are defined in terms of the Frobenius actions on the local cohomology modules of $R$ supported at the maximal ideal. We prove that if $R/(x)$ is $F$-full or $F$-anti-nilpotent for a nonzero divisor $x\in R$, then so is $R$. We use these results to obtain new cases on the deformation of $F$-injectivity.
Visually Complex Objects, Ontology of Space and Political Dynamics
Authors: Wells Peter S.
Published: September 2017

Humans have been producing ‘art’ for at least 75,000 years. But the word ‘art’ is problematic when applied to archaeology. This paper explores the use of the concept of ‘visually complex object’ to designate a very specific kind of what is generally known as ‘art’. I argue for the application of this concept to the analysis of both the design of objects and their arrangement in cultural spaces, to gain new perspectives on social and political change in a prehistoric complex society. The focus here is on visually enchanting objects and changes in the ways that such objects were used and arranged in relation to larger changes in cultural circumstances. I contrast two visual orders in Iron Age Europe—the mid final millennium bc, when the visual order of ‘princely graves’ and the eye-fixing qualities of objects focused attention on the persons of individuals competing for leadership positions; and the second and final centuries bc, when a new visual order emerged to focus attention on large, publicly deployed objects that directed attention in open spaces to create collective experiences. The principles developed from these examples from late prehistoric Europe can be applied to changes in other complex societies worldwide.
Circulating microRNAs in breast cancer: novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers
Authors: Hamam Rimi , Hamam Dana , Alsaleh Khalid A , Kassem Moustapha , Zaher Waleed , Alfayez Musaad , Aldahmash Abdullah , Alajez Nehad M
Published: September 2017

Effective management of breast cancer depends on early diagnosis and proper monitoring of patients’ response to therapy. However, these goals are difficult to achieve because of the lack of sensitive and specific biomarkers for early detection and for disease monitoring. Accumulating evidence in the past several years has highlighted the potential use of peripheral blood circulating nucleic acids such as DNA, mRNA and micro (mi)RNA in breast cancer diagnosis, prognosis and for monitoring response to anticancer therapy. Among these, circulating miRNA is increasingly recognized as a promising biomarker, given the ease with which miRNAs can be isolated and their structural stability under different conditions of sample processing and isolation. In this review, we provide current state-of-the-art of miRNA biogenesis, function and discuss the advantages, limitations, as well as pitfalls of using circulating miRNAs as diagnostic, prognostic or predictive biomarkers in breast cancer management.
An der Bar
Authors: Wilms Bettina
Published: September 2017

Vor Jahren musste ich mir einmal herbe Kritik eines schwul lebenden Freundes anhören, dass wir ja nicht einmal eine Frauenzeitschrift im Bad
liegen hätten. Seitdem bin ich – ich gebe es hiermit offen zu – Abonnentin eines solchen Blattes. Dort fand ich vor einiger Zeit, inmitten
von bunter Werbung für sündhaft teure Anti-Aging-Cremes und für eine angeblich absolut sichere Seitensprungagentur im Internet, die
Besprechung einer Hotelbar, die in den höchsten Tönen gelobt wurde. Da uns unsere nächste Reise direkt an den Ort des Geschehens führen
sollte, „infizierte“ ich meinen Mann schon bald mit dem Gedanken, dass „man da unbedingt hin müsse“.
Sensorik Inventar (SI) – Selbstbeurteilung der sensorischen
Sensitivität für Erwachsene und Jugendliche
Authors: Zamoscik Vera , Niemeyer Christine , Gerchen Martin Fungisai , Fenske Sabrina Christina , Witthöft Michael , Kirsch Peter
Published: September 2017

Eine adäquate Wahrnehmung der Umwelt repräsentiert eine der Grundvoraussetzungen
adaptiven Verhaltens. Gleichzeitig existieren individuelle Unterschiede in der
sensorischen Sensitivität, die wiederum eine zentrale Rolle bei der Entstehung
und Aufrechterhaltung diverser psychischer Störungen spielen können. Die
Fragestellung war die Entwicklung eines Fragebogens zur multidimensionalen
Erfassung von sensorischer Sensitivität. Das Sensorik Inventar (SI) wurde von
1417 Personen ausgefüllt. Die faktorielle Validität wurde mit Hilfe explorativer
Faktorenanalysen sowie mit Exploratory-Structural-Equation-Modeling überprüft.
Es ergab sich eine 6-faktorielle Struktur und eine hohe interne Konsistenz sowie
Retestreliabilität. Probanden mit psychischen Störungen zeigten überwiegend
verstärkte sensorische Sensitivitäten und eine geringere Körperwahrnehmung. Das
SI stellt ein kurzes und im Forschungs- und Klinikalltag leicht zu
integrierendes Instrument mit guten psychometrischen Eigenschaften dar.
Hermitian ranks of compact complex manifolds
Authors: Angella Daniele , Tomassini Adriano
Published: September 2017

We investigate degenerate special-Hermitian metrics on compact complex manifolds; in particular, degenerate Kähler and locally conformally Kähler metrics on special classes of non-Kähler manifolds.
Assessing the Effects of ILeVO and VOTiVO Seed Treatments on Reproduction, Hatching, Motility, and Root Penetration of the Soybean Cyst Nematode, Heterodera glycines
Authors: Beeman Augustine Q. , Tylka Gregory L.
Published: September 2017

Successful management of the soybean cyst nematode Heterodera glycines is limited by increased virulence of nematode populations on resistant soybean cultivars and persistence of the nematode in the soil in the absence of hosts. Seed treatments are now available for H. glycines management. However, it is unclear how these treatments affect specific life stages of the nematode. The objectives of this study were to assess the effects of ILeVO (with active ingredient fluopyram) and VOTiVO (with active ingredient Bacillus firmus I-1582) seed treatments on H. glycines reproduction and important processes in the nematode life cycle, such as second-stage juvenile (J2) hatching, motility, and root penetration. The effects of seed treated with formulated (ILeVO and VOTiVO) and nonformulated active ingredient (fluopyram and B. firmus I-1582) on H. glycines reproduction were conducted in a greenhouse. Nematode reproduction on plants grown from seed treated with ILeVO or technical fluopyram (active ingredient only) was reduced by 35 to 97% relative to the nontreated control, suggesting that the fluopyram active ingredient was affecting H. glycines directly and was not an inert ingredient in the seed treatment formulation. Hatching, motility, and root penetration experiments also were conducted using only the formulated seed treatments. Exudates collected from ILeVO-treated seed reduced J2 hatching and motility by more than 95% in laboratory assays. Exudates from radicles grown from ILeVO-treated seed reduced hatching in vitro by 48% in one run but had no significant effect in the second run compared with the nontreated control exudates. There also were no consistent effects of radicle exudates, regardless of treatment, on hatching and motility of the J2. ILeVO reduced root penetration of H. glycines J2 at different inoculation densities in a growth chamber experiment. VOTiVO did not affect any of the processes or life stages of the nematode studied. The results of this study indicate that the use of nematode-protectant seed treatments may be useful in controlling H. glycines; however, additional investigations into the precise effects of ILeVO and VOTiVO on H. glycines life processes and in different parts of the soil profile are necessary.
Competency-Based Objectives in Global Underserved Women's Health for Medical Trainees
Authors: Chen Chi Chiung Grace , Dougherty Anne , Whetstone Sara , Mama Saifuddin T. , Larkins-Pettigrew Margaret , Raine Susan P. , Autry Amy M. ,   for the Association of Professors of Gynecology and Obstetrics Committee on Global Health
Published: September 2017

The Association of Professors of Gynecology and Obstetrics Committee on Global Health developed an inclusive definition of global women's health and competency-based objectives that reflected work internationally, as well as with U.S. vulnerable and underserved populations, such as refugee and immigrant populations or those who would otherwise have compromised access to health care. The knowledge, skill, and attitude-based competencies required to fulfill each learning objective were mapped to the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education Outcomes Project's educational domains and the Consortium of Universities for Global Health competency domains. The proposed global women's health definition and competency-based learning objective framework is a first step in ensuring quality standards for educating trainees to address global women's health needs. By proposing these objectives, we hope to guide future program development and spark a broader conversation that will improve health for vulnerable women and shape educational, ethical, and equitable global health experiences for medical trainees.
Throw Out a Lifeline, Someone Is Drifting Away
Authors: Smith Roger P.
Published: September 2017

The increasing prevalence of professional burnout threatens not only the individual but the community of caregivers and, therefore, our patients. There is a growing body of individual actions that can be taken to reduce or reverse the effect of burnout. However, no amount of individual resolve will be sufficient if we do not create a climate conducive to mutual assistance and support.
Creating Flexible and Sustainable Work Models for Academic Obstetrician–Gynecologists Engaged in Global Health Work
Authors: Molina Rose , Boatin Adeline , Farid Huma , Luckett Rebecca , Neo Dayna , Ricciotti Hope , Scott Jennifer
Published: September 2017

OBJECTIVE:

To describe various work models for obstetrics and gynecology global health faculty affiliated with academic medical centers and to identify barriers and opportunities for pursuing global health work.

METHODS:

A mixed-methods study was conducted in 2016 among obstetrics and gynecology faculty and leaders from seven academic medical institutions in Boston, Massachusetts. Global health faculty members were invited to complete an online survey about their work models and to participate in semistructured interviews about barriers and facilitators of these models. Department chairs and residency directors were asked to participate in interviews.

RESULTS:

The survey response rate among faculty was 65.6% (21/32), of which 76.2% (16/21) completed an interview. Five department leaders (45.5% [5/11]) participated in an interview. Faculty described a range of work models with varied time and compensation, but only one third reported contracted time for global health work. The most common barriers to global health work were financial constraints, time limitations, lack of mentorship, need for specialized training, and maintenance of clinical skills. Career satisfaction, creating value for the obstetrics and gynecology department, and work model flexibility were the most important facilitators of sustainable global health careers.

CONCLUSION:

The study identified challenges and opportunities to creating flexible and sustainable work models for academic obstetrics and gynecology clinicians engaged in global health work. Additional research and innovation are needed to identify work models that allow for sustainable careers in global women's health. There are opportunities to create professional standards and models for academic global health work in the obstetrics and gynecology specialty.
The Evolution of and Evidence for Opportunistic Salpingectomy
Authors: Dilley Sarah E. , Straughn J. Michael , Leath Charles A.
Published: September 2017

In the absence of significant benefit from either novel therapeutics or screening, the focus of decreasing ovarian cancer incidence and mortality has shifted toward primary prevention. Histopathologic data have demonstrated that up to 70% of ovarian cancers may actually arise from the fallopian tube. This has led to the increased adoption of opportunistic salpingectomy as a tool for ovarian cancer prevention. In turn, the potential surgical risks and ovarian cancer prevention of this emerging practice have generated multiple studies. In this comprehensive review, we address the origins of ovarian cancer, the historical context and recent trends of tubal surgery, the existing population-based data on ovarian cancer risk reduction, and provide a detailed review of the evidence on surgical risks of salpingectomy. To date, the safety and ovarian cancer risk reduction evidence sheds a positive light on opportunistic salpingectomy. Although research on this subject has grown substantially in recent years, there remains a paucity of large, prospective studies that examine clinical outcomes.
Evidence-Based Bundles and Cesarean Delivery Surgical Site Infections
Authors: Carter Ebony B. , Temming Lorene A. , Fowler Susan , Eppes Catherine , Gross Gilad , Srinivas Sindhu K. , Macones George A. , Colditz Graham A. , Tuuli Methodius G.
Published: September 2017

OBJECTIVE:

To estimate the association of implementation of evidence-based bundles with surgical site infection rates after cesarean delivery.

DATA SOURCES:

We searched MEDLINE through PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Google Scholar, and ClinicalTrials.gov.

METHODS OF STUDY SELECTION:

We searched electronic databases for randomized controlled trials and observational studies comparing evidence-based infection prevention bundles for cesarean delivery, defined as implementation of three or more processes proven to prevent surgical site infection such as chlorhexidine skin preparation, antibiotic prophylaxis, and hair clipping, with usual care. The primary outcome was overall surgical site infection, defined using Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's National Healthcare Safety Network criteria. Secondary outcomes were superficial or deep surgical site infection and endometritis. Quality of studies and heterogeneity were assessed using validated measures. Pooled relative risks (RRs) with 95% CIs were calculated using random-effects models. Numbers needed to treat were estimated for outcomes with significant reduction.

TABULATIONS, INTEGRATION, AND RESULTS:

We found no randomized controlled trials. Fourteen preintervention and postintervention studies met inclusion criteria. Eight were full-text articles, and six were published abstracts. Quality of most of the primary studies was adequate with regard to the intervention, but modest in terms of implementation. The rate of surgical site infection was significantly lower after implementing an evidence-based bundle (14 studies: pooled rates 6.2% baseline compared with 2.0% intervention, pooled RR 0.33, 95% CI 0.25–0.43, number needed to treat=24). Evidence-based bundles were also associated with a lower rate of superficial or deep surgical site infection (six studies: pooled rate 5.9% baseline compared with 1.1% intervention, pooled RR 0.19, 95% CI 0.12–0.32, number needed to treat=21). The rate of endometritis was low at baseline and not significantly different after intervention (six studies: pooled rate 1.3% baseline compared with 0.9% intervention, pooled RR 0.57, 95% CI 0.31–1.06).

CONCLUSION:

Evidence-based bundles are associated with a significant reduction in surgical site infection after cesarean delivery.
A Missed Opportunity for U.S. Perinatal Human Immunodeficiency Virus Elimination
Authors: Fruhauf Timothee , Coleman Jenell S.
Published: September 2017

OBJECTIVE:

To estimate the proportion of women at increased risk of sexual human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) acquisition during pregnancy in a high HIV incidence urban setting to identify those who may be eligible for pre-exposure prophylaxis.

METHODS:

We conducted a retrospective cohort study of women who received prenatal care at a large academic center in 2012. Univariable analyses and multiple logistic regression models were built to identify correlates for pre-exposure prophylaxis eligibility.

RESULTS:

Among 1,637 pregnant women, mean age was 27.6 years (SD 6.3), 59.7% were African American, and 56.0% were single. Based on the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's guidelines, more than 10% of women were at increased risk for HIV acquisition during pregnancy and eligible for pre-exposure prophylaxis. Younger [adjusted odds ratio (OR) 0.9/1-year increase, 95% CI 0.8–0.9], single (adjusted OR 2.4, 95% CI 1.2–4.8), African American women (adjusted OR 3.3, 95% CI 1.6–6.7) with higher parity (adjusted OR 1.3/one-child increase, 95% CI 1.1–1.5), and who smoked regularly during pregnancy (adjusted OR 1.8, 95% CI 1.0–3.0) had greater odds of being eligible for pre-exposure prophylaxis at any time during pregnancy.

CONCLUSIONS:

Pregnancy is a vulnerable period during which some heterosexual women in urban settings have a high risk for HIV acquisition and stand to benefit from pre-exposure prophylaxis.
Spinal Surgeons’ Opinions on Pre- and Postoperative Rehabilitation in Patients Undergoing Lumbar Spinal Fusion Surgery
Authors: van Erp Reni M.A. , Jelsma Jetse , Huijnen Ivan P.J. , Lundberg Mari , Willems Paul C. , Smeets Rob. J.E.M.
Published: September 2017

Study Design.

A cross-sectional survey in the Netherlands and Sweden.

Objective.

To investigate Dutch and Swedish spinal surgeons’ opinions on spinal fusion pre- and postoperative rehabilitation.

Summary of Background Data.

Lumbar spinal fusion surgery is increasingly provided in patients with chronic low back pain. No guidelines however exist for pre- and postoperative rehabilitation and it is unknown what opinions spinal surgeons currently have about pre- and postoperative rehabilitation.

Methods.

A survey was circulated to Dutch and Swedish spinal surgeons. Reminders were sent after 4 and 8/9 weeks. Data of completed questionnaires of orthopedic- and neurosurgeons currently performing lumbar spinal fusion were included for analysis. Analysis comprised a range of descriptive summaries (numerical, graphical, and tabular).

Results.

Surveys of 34 Dutch and 48 Swedish surgeons were analyzed. Surgeons provided preoperative information on postoperative mobilization. Spinal fusion techniques varied, but technique did not influence postoperative treatment. Swedish surgeons recommended slightly faster mobilization than Dutch (direct vs. 1-day postoperative), and more activities the first day (sitting, standing, walking). Stair climbing was the most reported discharge criterion; however, time point to start varied. More Swedish surgeons referred to postoperative physiotherapy than Dutch (88% vs. 44%). Time-point to start home activities varied from 1 week to more than 6 months. Pain increase was allowed for less than 24 hours (The Netherlands 81%, Sweden 92%).

Conclusion.

Findings reflect variability in lumbar spinal fusion rehabilitation in two European countries, especially in postoperative phase. The study proposes many new research topics and acts as starting point for future research valuable for the spinal community.

Level of Evidence: 3