bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La movilidad temporal internacional. Aproximación a sus efectos en el desarrollo profesional de docentes de y en lenguas extranjeras
Authors: Sanz Trigueros Francisco Javier , Guillén Díaz Carmen
Published: March 2020

INTRODUCCIÓN. El contenido de este artículo se inscribe en las dinámicas europeas de profesionalización y desarrollo profesional que, de forma subsidiaria, afectan al sector profesional emergente de especialistas de la enseñanza de y en lenguas extranjeras. Se centra la atención en uno de los principios comunes europeos para la formación competencial y cualificación profesional de los docentes: la movilidad internacional. Su alcance nocional y las referencias de orden institucional del contexto español la vinculan a los programas de desarrollo profesional continuo, y sitúan su calidad postulada como objeto de estudio institucional. Con el objetivo último de dar cuenta de su valor para el desarrollo profesional docente, se analiza un conjunto de relatos de vida producidos por beneficiarios de una movilidad temporal internacional. MÉTODO. Para el tratamiento cualitativo de las informaciones textuales según un enfoque autobiográfico, descriptivo e interpretativo, se adopta la técnica global del análisis de contenido. Son categorías de análisis tres cualidades de la calidad que deben presidir esa movilidad, desde cuyas definiciones se identifican indicadores semánticos de efectos precisos en las dimensiones personal, social y académica subyacentes al desarrollo profesional. RESULTADOS. Los datos, que revelan efectos significativos en las tres dimensiones indicadas, son interpretados en términos de relación o grado de conformidad alto, medio, bajo o nulo entre lo previsto, lo deseado, lo realizado, lo logrado y lo percibido, para describir las tres cualidades de la calidad retenidas. DISCUSIÓN. Se puede confirmar el valor de la movilidad como producto y procedimiento, para dotar al docente de la capacidad de asumir las nuevas funciones y tareas que conlleva hoy la enseñanza bilingüe, y como condición sine qua non, en la perspectiva añadida de garantizar el reconocimiento y cualificación de las competencias requeridas.
Debilidades del sistema de orientación español según los tutores y directores de educación secundaria
Authors: Mudarra Sánchez María José , González-Benito Ana , Vélaz-de-Medrano Ureta Consuelo
Published: March 2020

INTRODUCCIÓN. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar las principales debilidades del sistema de orientación (SO) según los tutores y directores de centros de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria (ESO), identificando su atribución interna o externa y la existencia de patrones de respuesta característicos de cada Comunidad Autónoma (CA). MÉTODO. Se trata de un estudio empírico cualitativo -análisis de contenido y palabras clave- en el contexto de preguntas de un cuestionario respondido por 1317 profesionales (326 directores y 991 tutores de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria). RESULTADOS. La principal debilidad del SO según tutores y directores es la dificultad para atender demandas de orientación explicada por la elevada ratio de orientador-alumnos, la diversidad de tales demandas y por la escasa atención directa al alumnado. No obstante, ambos profesionales no comparten los significados de debilidad. Los problemas conductuales/actitudinales del alumnado y la falta de información parecen preocupar exclusivamente a los tutores, mientras los directores se centran más en la desorganización y falta de profesionalidad de quiénes ejercen funciones orientadoras. Aunque los directores comparten los mismos significados respecto a la principal debilidad del SO, independientemente de su CA, no sucede lo mismo en el caso de los tutores. DISCUSIÓN. En consecuencia, es necesario contemplar las perspectivas de los diferentes profesionales en cualquier análisis para tomar decisiones de mejora del SO, ya que los tutores parecen más centrados en todo aquello que repercute en una intervención orientadora directa con el alumnado, mientras que los directores plantean enfoques de intervención más indirectos así como de gestión del centro y sus recursos personales.
InGaAs/InAlAs multiple-quantum-well optical modulator integrated with a planar antenna for a millimeter-wave radio-over-fiber system
Authors: Miyazeki Yusuke , Yokohashi Hiroto , Kodama Shotaro , Murata Hiroshi , Arakawa Taro
Published: March 2020

An InGaAs/InAlAs multiple-quantum-well (MQW) optical phase modulator integrated with a planar antenna for a millimeter-wave (MMW) radio-over-fiber (RoF) system is fabricated, and its high-speed modulation under irradiation of MMW signals is experimentally demonstrated. The modulator exhibits a carrier-to-sideband ratio (CSR) of 62.7 dB, corresponding to a phase shift Δϕ of 1.46 mrad under irradiation of MMW signals with an RF power density P of ∼77 W/m2 at a frequency of 57.5 GHz. The modulator is operated over the C band in optical communications. The modulation operation was attributed to the large change in refractive index caused by the quantum-confined Stark effect in the MQW. This is the first case where the refractive index change of a semiconductor was used as an antenna-coupled optical modulator.
Optothermal generation, trapping, and manipulation of microbubbles
Authors: Sarabia-Alonso J. A. , Ortega-Mendoza J. G. , Ramírez-San-Juan J. C. , Zaca-Morán P. , Ramírez-Ramírez J. , Padilla-Vivanco A. , Muñoz-Pérez F. M. , Ramos-García R.
Published: March 2020

The most common approach to optically generate and manipulate bubbles in liquids involves temperature gradients induced by CW lasers. In this work, we present a method to accomplish both the generation of microbubbles and their 3D manipulation in ethanol through optothermal forces. These forces are triggered by light absorption from a nanosecond pulsed laser (λ = 532 nm) at silver nanoparticles photodeposited at the distal end of a multimode optical fiber. Light absorbed from each laser pulse quickly heats up the silver-ethanol interface beyond the ethanol critical-point (∼ 243 °C) before the heat diffuses through the liquid. Therefore, the liquid achieves a metastable state and owing to spontaneous nucleation converted to a vapor bubble attached to the optical fiber. The bubble grows with semi-spherical shape producing a counterjet in the final stage of the collapse. This jet reaches the hot nanoparticles vaporizing almost immediately and ejecting a microbubble. This microbubble-generation mechanism takes place with every laser pulse (10 kHz repetition rate) leading to the generation of a microbubbles stream. The microbubbles' velocities decrease as they move away from the optical fiber and eventually coalesce forming a larger bubble. The larger bubble is attracted to the optical fiber by the Marangoni force once it reaches a critical size while being continuously fed with each bubble of the microbubbles stream. The balance of the optothermal forces owing to the laser-pulse drives the 3D manipulation of the main bubble. A complete characterization of the trapping conditions is provided in this paper.
Silicon Photonics Coherent Optical Subassembly with EO and OE Bandwidths of Over 50 GHz
Authors: Yamanaka S. , Ikuma Y. , Itoh T. , Kawamura Y. , Kikuchi K. , Kurata Y. , Jizodo M. , Jyo T. , Soma S. , Takahashi M. , Tsuzuki K. , Nagatani M. , Nasu Y. , Matsushita A. , Yamada T.
Published: March 2020

We present a silicon photonics coherent optical subassembly, which has electro-optic/ optic-electro bandwidths of 54 GHz/52 GHz for a transmitter/receiver. We also demonstrate up to 96 Gbaud polarization multiplexed 16QAM signal generation and detection.
First Demonstration of Automated Updates of Disaggregate Blades in Multi-Domain/Layer Optical Path Network
Authors: Ishii Kiyo , Xu Sugang , Yoshikane Noboru , Takefusa Atsuko , Yanagimachi Shigeyuki , Hoshida Takeshi , Shiomoto Kohei , Kudoh Tomohiro , Tsuritani Takehiro , Awaji Yoshinari , Namiki Shu
Published: March 2020

Updating an OpenROADM node and subsequent re-routing were automated using a mathematical component-based model, triggered by the addition of node components. This process required only five minutes on an orchestrated testbed using SINET5 and a field optical network.
Optical Broadcasting and Steering by Demultiplexing Incoherent Spatial Modes
Authors: Chen Haoshuo , Fontaine Nicolas K. , Zhang Yuanhang , Mazur Mikael , Alvarado-Zacarias Juan Carlos , Ryf Roland , Neilson David T. , Li Guifang , Amezcua-Correa Rodrigo , Carpenter Joel
Published: March 2020

We realize optical broadcasting and reconfigurable beam steering by demultiplexing incoherent spatial modes. We demonstrate point-to-multipoint optical wireless communications using multimode VCSEL and multi-plane light conversion.
Net 321.24-Gb/s IMDD Transmission Based on a >100-GHz Bandwidth Directly-Modulated Laser
Authors: Diamantopoulos Nikolaos-Panteleimon , Yamazaki Hiroshi , Yamaoka Suguru , Nagatani Munehiko , Nishi Hidetaka , Tanobe Hiromasa , Nakao Ryo , Fujii Takuro , Takeda Koji , Kakitsuka Takaaki , Wakita Hitoshi , Ida Minoru , Nosaka Hideyuki , Koyama Fumio , Miyamoto Yutaka , Matsuo Shinji
Published: March 2020

Record DML-based 325-Gb/s (BTB) and 321.24-Gb/s (2-km SSMF) transmissions are demonstrated based on a >100-GHz bandwidth membrane DML-on-SiC, by utilizing a digitally- preprocessed analog multiplexer and adaptive entropy-loaded DMT modulation, surpassing our previous record by ~34%.
Wideband Inline-amplified WDM Transmission Using PPLN-based OPA with Over-10-THz Bandwidth
Authors: Kobayashi T. , Shimizu S. , Nakamura M. , Umeki T. , Kazama T. , Kasahara R. , Hamaoka F. , Nagatani M. , Yamazaki H. , Mizuno T. , Nosaka H. , Miyamoto Y.
Published: March 2020

We demonstrate the first inline-amplified transmission with PPLN-based polarization- independent OPA offering 5.125-THz amplification bandwidth and >15-dB gain using 800-Gb/s PDM PS-36QAM signals. Results indicate the OPA potentially extends the WDM bandwidth to over 10.25 THz.
Simultaneous fluorescence lifetime and Raman fiber-based mapping of tissues
Authors: Lagarto João L. , Shcheslavskiy Vladislav , Saverio Pavone Francesco , Cicchi Riccardo
Published: March 2020

We report the development of a novel, to the best of our knowledge, fiber-based system to realize coregistered simultaneous acquisition of fluorescence lifetime (FL) data and Raman spectra from the same area. FL measurements by means of time-correlated single photon counting are realized with periodic out-of-phase external illumination of the field of view, enabling acquisition of data under bright illumination of the specimen. Raman measurements in the near-infrared are realized asynchronously. We present a detailed characterization of this technique and validate its potential to report intrinsic contrast. Fiber-based FL and Raman maps report complementary structural, compositional, and molecular contrast in biological tissues with diverse compositional features.
Amplitude-phase optimized long depth of focus femtosecond axilens beam for single-exposure fabrication of high-aspect-ratio microstructures
Authors: Pan Deng , Xu Bing , Liu Shunli , Li Jiawen , Hu Yanlei , Wu Dong , Chu Jiaru
Published: March 2020

Fabrication of high-aspect-ratio (HAR) micro/nanostructures by two-photon polymerization (TPP) has become a hot topic because of the advantages of ultra-high resolution and true 3D printing ability. However, the low efficiency caused by point-by-point scanning strategy limits its application. In this Letter, we propose a strategy for the rapid fabrication of HAR microstructures by combining TPP with an amplitude-phase optimized long depth of focus laser beam (LDFB). The optimization of the LDFB is implemented by modulating the amplitude and phase on a phase-only spatial light modulator, which can suppress the side lobe and smooth energy oscillations effectively. The LDFB is used for rapid fabrication of HAR micropillars and various microstructures, which greatly increases the fabrication efficiency. As a demonstration, several typical HAR microstructures such as assemblies, microchannels, microtubes, and cell scaffolds are prepared. Moreover, the microcapture arrays are rapidly fabricated for the capture of microspheres and the formation of microlens arrays, which show focusing and imaging ability.
Reliable deep-learning-based phase imaging with uncertainty quantification: erratum
Authors: Xue Yujia , Cheng Shiyi , Li Yunzhe , Tian Lei
Published: March 2020

This erratum corrects a typographical error which appeared in
Optica
6, 618 (2019).OPTIC82334-253610.1364/OPTICA.6.000618
Strain enhancement for a MoS2-on-GaN photodetector with an Al2O3 stress liner grown by atomic layer deposition
Authors: Li Zhiwen , Luo Jiangliu , Hu Shengqun , Liu Qiang , Yu Wenjie , Lu Youming , Liu Xinke
Published: March 2020

Strain regulation as an effective way to enhance the photoelectric
properties of two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides
has been widely employed to improve the performance of photovoltaic
devices. In this work, tensile strain was introduced in multilayer

MoS

2

grown on GaN by depositing 3 nm of

Al
2

O
3

on the surface. The temperature-dependent
Raman spectrum shows that the thermal stability of

MoS

2

is improved by

Al
2

O
3

. Theoretical simulations confirmed the
existence of tensile strain on

MoS

2

covered with

Al
2

O
3

, and the bandgap and electron effective
mass of six layers of

MoS

2

decreased due to tensile strain, which
resulted in an increase of electron mobility. Due to the tensile
strain effect, the photodetector with the

Al
2

O
3

stress liner achieved better performance
under the illumination of 365 nm wavelength, including a higher
responsivity of 24.6 A/W, photoconductive gain of 520, and external
quantum efficiency of 8381%, which are more than twice the
corresponding values of photodetectors without

Al
2

O
3

. Our work provides an effective technical
way for improving the performance of 2D material photodetectors.
Molecular and cellular evidence of natural Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus infection in frugivorous bats in Colombia
Authors: Guzmán Camilo , Calderón Alfonso , Oviedo Teresa , Mattar Salim , Castañeda José , Rodriguez Virginia , Figueiredo Luiz Tadeu Moraes
Published: March 2020

Background and Aim: Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV) is an alphavirus that causes encephalitis with a high impact on public health in Latin America. However, only in Guatemala, Trinidad and Tobago, and Mexico have found antibodies in VEEV in bats, using immunohistochemistry, the sensitivity and specificity are improved; thus, it is better for demonstrating natural infection in bats as potential hosts. This study aimed to determine the presence of VEEV in tissues of frugivorous bats.

Materials and Methods: A prospective descriptive cross-sectional study with a non-probabilistic sampling was carried out in 12 localities of Córdoba and Sucre area of the Colombian Caribbean. Two hundred and eighty-six bats were captured using fog nets, and the specimens according to taxonomic keys were classified. According to the Ethics Committee of the University of Córdoba, the bats were treated with analgesics and anesthetics. Blood samples were taken and then euthanized to obtain tissues and organs which were preserved in liquid N2 at –196°C. A portion of each organ was fixed in 10% buffered formalin for the detection of antigens by immunohistochemistry. Several pathological anatomy analyses were performed to determine the histological characteristics of tissue lesions of frugivorous bats naturally infected with the VEEV.

Results: Of the 286 bats captured, 23 species were identified. In samples of the brain, spleen, and lung of two frugivorous bats (2/286=0.70%) Artibeus planirostris and Sturnira lilium, the presence of VEEV was confirmed by immunohistochemistry.

Conclusion: A fragment of the nsP4 non-structural protein gene corresponding to the alphavirus was amplified. Two samples were positive (2/286=0.70%) in frugivorous bats; A. planirostris (code GenBank: MG820274) and S. lilium (code GenBank: MG820275). The present study showed the first molecular evidence and cellular evidence (histopathology and immunohistochemistry) of natural VEEV infection in frugivorous bats in Colombia; these bats could be a host of this zoonosis.
The Effect of 2,4 Dimethylamine salt on the Blood, Liver and Muscle of Oryclotagus Cuniculus
Authors: Inyang Iniobong R. , Patani Dudutari E. , Izah Sylvester C.
Published: March 2020

Aminoforce containing 720g/l of 2,4-dimethylamine salt induced changes on some enzymes and electrolytes in the male Oryclotagus cuniculus (New Zealand rabbit) were assayed. The organisms were exposed to varying sub-lethal concentrations of the toxicant (720g/l). The concentrations were prepared by pipetting 0.4mls, 0.8mls and 0.12mls making it up to 1.5L clean water in a metal container to make 2.0 mgl-1, 4.0 mgl-1 and 6.0 mgl-1. Aspartate amino transferase (AST), Alanine amino transferase (ALT) and Acid phosphatase (ACP) were assayed in the liver and blood. Results showed that aspartate amino transferase values in the liver and blood were significant (p<0.05) across the concentration of the toxicants. Aspartate amino transferase increased as the concentration of the toxicant increased in the liver, and decreased as the toxicant concentration increased in the blood. Alanine amino transferase in the blood and liver were akin to AST while ACP values increased in the blood and decreased in the liver as the concentration of the toxicant increased. Electrolytes (Sodium (Na+), potassium (K+) and magnesium (Mg2+) ions) showed statistical deviation across the various concentration of the toxicants. Chloride ion values stabilized in the experimental group being not significantly different (p>0.05) across the various concentration of the toxicants. From the study, AST, ALT and ACP are suitable biomarkers for showing sub-lethal effect of aminoforce on Oryclotagus cuniculus. The effects recorded clearly unveiled the potential effect of this xenobiotics on Oryclotagus cuniculus. Therefore, exposure of Oryclotagus cuniculus to this toxicant will affect the organism’s physiological responses and over prolong period of time it could lead to death. Additionally, via food chain man may be affected. The use of this toxicant close to rabbittory should be done with utmost caution.
Sistemas de logística reversa de pneus, pilhas e baterias implantados no Brasil: uma análise comparativa
Authors: Goeldner Isadora Sanches , Tokarz Barbara , Ambrozi Jade , Rebellato Pedro Henrique , Fagundes Alexandre Borges , Pereira Delcio , Beuren Fernanda Hänsch
Published: March 2020

Levando em consideração a problemática dos resíduos sólidos, o Conselho Nacional do Meio Ambiente buscou regulamentar medidas para o manejo e destinação corretos de resíduos que apresentassem risco socioambiental, tais como pilhas, baterias portáteis e pneus inservíveis. Nesse contexto, a logística reversa surge como importante ferramenta para o cumprimento da legislação e consequente redução de impactos ambientais adversos. Para o pleno atendimento a essas demandas, cabem análises acerca dos Sistemas de Logística Reversa quanto às suas práticas, vislumbrando possíveis melhorias. Nesse sentido, este artigo teve como principal objetivo, por meio de pesquisa bibliográfica e levantamento de dados, promover uma comparação entre os Sistemas de Logística Reversa de pilhas, baterias e pneus, pontuando seis tópicos de interesse: Fluxo reverso, Objetivos e metas, Gestão dos Sistemas, Número de postos de coleta, Contrapartida das empresas participantes e Quantidades de resíduos retornadas. Como resultado, inferiram-se pontos negativos e positivos, no tocante às metas e à gestão dos Sistemas pesquisados, trazendo contribuições à área da logística reversa, ressaltando assim a relevância da pesquisa para a elaboração de melhorias no funcionamento dos sistemas.
Comportamento dos custos totais de produção no segmento da avicultura de postura no estado do Paraná: estudo baseado na análise de regressão linear múltipla
Authors: Oliveira Letícia de , Tonin Paulo César , Vicenzi Silvana Lígia
Published: March 2020

O trabalho de pesquisa teve por objetivo determinar uma função matemática, para descrever os padrões de comportamento dos custos totais, em função das variáveis, produtividade, mortalidade, consumo de ração e horas trabalhadas em um aviário manual de produção de ovos. Os dados coletados foram referentes ao período compreendido entre março de 2016 a janeiro de 2017. Após a identificação dos dados, foi aplicada a análise de regressão linear múltipla para verificação do grau de relacionamento entre as variáveis estudadas e, ainda, para a identificação da equação capaz de linearizar o comportamento dos “custos totais” em função do comportamento das variáveis independentes. Para validação das modelagens pesquisadas, além das análises envolvendo o coeficiente de determinação, a estatística t e testes de significância de coeficientes, foram realizados testes estatísticos envolvendo a análise de presença de multicolinearidade, autocorrelação de resíduos e a normalidade de resíduos. A regressão linear múltipla apresentou um coeficiente de determinação de 0,95, indicando que as variáveis “produtividade” e “mortalidade” explicam 95% das variações nos “custos totais de produção”. Diante dos resultados obtidos, foi possível concluir que houve correlação e conseguiu-se determinar uma equação matemática para os padrões de comportamento dos custos totais, em função das variáveis “produtividade” e “mortalidade”.
Uso da modelagem multicritério para apoio ao decisor na classificação de riscos de empresas terceirizadas
Authors: Soares Gleibson Robert da Luz , Sobral Marcos Felipe Falcão , Moraes Filho Rodolfo Araújo de
Published: March 2020

A classificação de risco das empresas terceirizadas é de fundamental importância para as empresas contratantes definirem suas ações para mitigar os riscos. Entretanto, os processos de classificação de risco envolvem muitas vezes vários critérios que podem não conseguir elencar os mesmos, contudo empresas utilizam a gestão de risco com terceiros para analisar as empresas terceiras e identificar quais os riscos devem ser observados ou são mais importantes para a empresa. Para ajudar nesta problemática, propõe-se o uso do método de apoio multicritério a decisão, ELECTRE TRI, como suporte no processo de classificação de risco das empresas terceirizadas, apoiadas na gestão de riscos com terceiros realizado pela Bernhoeft. Com isso proporcionará as empresas classificar as terceirizadas quanto aos riscos, e apoiar as suas decisões para mitigar os riscos envolvidos na relação contratante e contratada.
Re-insourcing das atividades logísticas: estudo de casos múltiplos em centros de distribuição de peças de reposição
Authors: Martins Agnaldo José , Simon Alexandre Tadeu , Campos Renan Stenico
Published: March 2020

A fim de reduzir o tempo de entrega, otimizar o uso da frota, agilizar os fluxos logísticos e oferecer serviços especializados, as empresas atribuem à terceiros o gerenciamento de suas atividades logísticas. No entanto, a experiência da terceirização para algumas empresas parece não ter surtido o efeito desejado. Em algumas situações, tem-se observado uma tendência de reversão na decisão de terceirizar as atividades logísticas, processo esse denominado re-insourcing. Embora o re-insourcing esteja sendo realizado, ainda não são totalmente claras as razões que motivam essa mudança estratégica nas organizações. Este trabalho tem como objetivo identificar as razões que levam as organizações a interromperem a terceirização das atividades logísticas e realizar o re-insourcing. Para tanto, um estudo de casos múltiplos foi conduzido em uma montadora de veículos comerciais e em uma montadora de tratores para agricultura e construção civil. O resultado deste estudo indicou que o principal fator motivador para a realização do re-insourcing foi o baixo desempenho apresentado pelos operadores logísticos, causado pela alta rotatividade da mão de obra terceirizada, baixa produtividade e nível de qualidade dos serviços prestados abaixo do esperado.
Design of a Branch-line Microstrip Coupler Using Spirals and Step Impedance Cells for WiMAX Applications
Authors: Hosseini Sayed M. , Rezaei Abbas
Published: March 2020

branch-line microstrip coupler is designed and fabricated in this paper. The proposed coupler operates at 3 GHz, which is suitable for WiMAX applications. The designed coupler has a high performance, that is, a low phase difference of 0.49°, low insertion loss, good coupling factor, and good isolation better than −30 dB. Another advantage of the designed coupler is its novel geometrical structure based on integrating the semi-circular and step impedance cells. The design process is based on introducing and analyzing an equivalent LC model to improve impedance matching and reduce losses. To verify the design process, the designed coupler is fabricated, where a good agreement between the simulation result and measurement is achieved.
Design and Performance of Microstrip Diplexers: A Review
Authors: Yahya Salah I. , Rezaei Abbas , Noori Leila
Published: March 2020

The radiofrequency microstrip diplexers are widely demanded nowadays by modern wireless communication systems. Hence, several types of previously reported microstrip diplexers are reviewed and investigated in this work. Microstrip diplexers are three ports devices used for separating desired signals and delivering them through two (or more) different channels. The diplexers are investigated in three categories of dual-channel bandpass-bandpass diplexers, multichannel diplexers, and lowpassbandpass diplexers. The investigated multi-channel diplexers include a number of four-channel, six-channel, and eight-channel diplexers. Due to the hard design process, the number of reported diplexers with more than four channels is limited. The layout structures and theory design methods of the previously reported diplexers are studied. Moreover, their size and performance are compared while some explanations about their advantages and disadvantages are presented. This comparison includes insertion loss, return loss, fractional bandwidths, isolation, selectivity, and gaps between channels.
Peran Kelompok Perawatan Diri (KPD) dalam Upaya Mencegah Peningkatan Kecacatan pada Penderita Kusta
Authors: Noratikasari Puji Dwi , Ariyanto Yunus , Ririanty Mury
Published: March 2020

Background: Leprosy sufferers who were not treated immediately deteriorate their disease and increase the risk of complications such as permanent defects in skin, hands, feet and eyes. Disability in leprosy patients can be prevented by early diagnosis and routine treatment of multi drug therapy (MDT). Regular MDT only kill leprosy germs but not permanent defects that should need more optimal efforts. The role of KPD was to help lepers in facing disabilities and also to empower them in improving socio-economic status. This study aims to describe the roles of KPD in leprosy patients in Jember District. Method: This is a descriptive study which conducted in two health centers in Jenggawah and Anggrek Sumberbaru. This study involved 27 leprosy patients which selected purposively (patient with permanent defects). Data was collected using partially structured questionnaire includes open ended question and observations. Data analysed using univariate, bivariate and categorizing open ended questionnaire.Results: The role of KPD in two health centers has been conducted mostly in helping leprosy patient to do defects’ self care. The KPDs also provided counseling and training to patient and family to take routine medication. The results also showed that the limited facilities including budget for doing self care by leprosy patients was the barriers to comply take complete medication. In terms of empowering the lepers, KPDs have done minimally because of limited resources. This study recommended that to improve the socio-economic patient needs to cooperate with other sectors including private parties in order to obtain more funding.
COEXISTENCE OF CLASSICAL MUSIC AND GUGAK IN KOREAN CULTURE
Authors: Park So Hyun
Published: March 2020

Classical music and Korean traditional music ‘Gugak’ in Korean culture try various ways such as creating new music and culture through mutual interchange and fusion for coexistence. The purpose of this study is to investigate the present status of Classical music in Korea that has not been 200 years old during the flowering period and the Japanese colonial period, and the classification of Korean traditional music and musical instruments, and to examine the preservation and succession of traditional Gugak, new Korean traditional music and fusion Korean traditional music. Finally, it is exemplified that Gugak and Classical music can converge and coexist in various collaborations based on the institutional help of the nation. In conclusion, Classical music and Korean traditional music try to create synergy between them in Korean culture by making various efforts such as new attempts and conservation.
Pregnancy, but not dietary octanoic acid supplementation, stimulates the ghrelin-pituitary growth hormone axis in mice
Authors: Kaur Harleen , Muhlhausler Beverly S , Sim Pamela Su-Lin , Page Amanda J , Li Hui , Nunez-Salces Maria , Clarke Georgia S , Huang Lili , Wilson Rebecca L , Veldhuis Johannes D , Chen Chen , Roberts Claire T , Gatford Kathryn L
Published: March 2020

Circulating growth hormone (GH) concentrations increase during pregnancy in mice and remain pituitary-derived. Whether abundance or activation of the GH secretagogue ghrelin increase during pregnancy, or in response to dietary octanoic acid supplementation, is unclear. We therefore measured circulating GH profiles in late pregnant C57BL/6J mice and in aged-matched non-pregnant females fed with standard laboratory chow supplemented with 5% octanoic or palmitic (control) acid (n = 4–13/group). Serum total and acyl-ghrelin concentrations, stomach and placenta ghrelin mRNA and protein expression, Pcsk1 (encoding prohormone convertase 1/3) and Mboat4 (membrane bound O-acyl transferase 4) mRNA were determined at zeitgeber (ZT) 13 and ZT23. Total and basal GH secretion were higher in late pregnant than non-pregnant mice (P < 0.001), regardless of diet. At ZT13, serum concentrations of total ghrelin (P = 0.004), but not acyl-ghrelin, and the density of ghrelin-positive cells in the gastric antrum (P = 0.019) were higher, and gastric Mboat4 and Pcsk1 mRNA expression were lower in pregnant than non-pregnant mice at ZT23. In the placenta, ghrelin protein was localised mostly to labyrinthine trophoblast cells. Serum acyl-, but not total, ghrelin was lower at mid-pregnancy than in non-pregnant mice, but not different at early or late pregnancy. In conclusion, dietary supplementation with 5% octanoic acid did not increase activation of ghrelin in female mice. Our results further suggest that increases in maternal GH secretion throughout murine pregnancy are not due to circulating acyl-ghrelin acting at the pituitary. Nevertheless, time-dependent increased circulating total ghrelin could potentially increase ghrelin action in tissues that express the acylating enzyme and receptor.
TERRORISMO: POLITICA CRIMINAL Y CONTEMPLACION EN EL SISTEMA PENAL COLOMBIANO
Authors: Puentes Beainny David
Published: March 2020

El tema del terrorismo ha sido objeto de discusión mundial desde aquellos ataques presentados el 11 de septiembre de 2001 en los Estados Unidos, generando con esto un cambio en la política criminal internacional la cual se basa desde ese instante en combatir este delito.Sin embargo, en Colombia el tema del terrorismo viene de mucho tiempo atrás, por lo cual es necesario verificar como ha sido contemplado este delito en nuestra legislación y los cambios que ha sufrido por los diversos acuerdos internacionales sobre el tema. El presente estudio trata de poder contemplar lo estipulado sobre el terrorismo y si esto corresponde con la realidad de nuestro Estado
PROYECTOS DE DESARROLLO TURÍSTICO Y CONSULTA PREVIA: EL CASO DEL PUEBLO RAIZAL EN COLOMBIA
Authors: Morón Castañeda Silvia
Published: March 2020

Los proyectos de desarrollo turístico se han convertido en uno de los principales motores del progreso económico de países como Colombia, lo cual llama la atención de inversionistas interesados en invertir en determinadas zonas por su riqueza natural y cultural. A raíz de esto, se han generado múltiples conflictos socio ambientales debido a los permisos, autorizaciones y licencias ambientales que las autoridades nacionales han otorgado para el desarrollo de dichos emprendimientos. Sumado a lo anterior, no ha sido valorado adecuadamente el derecho a consultar previamente a los miembros de grupos étnicos protegidos por el Estado y a la participación de estos en la toma de decisiones. La Corte Constitucional de Colombia mediante Sentencia T-800 de 2014, decidió un caso emblemático del pueblo raizal asentado en el municipio insular de Providencia y Santa Catalina del Departamento Archipiélago de San Andrés, Providencia y Santa Catalina, el cual solicitó el amparo de su derecho fundamental a la consulta previa por la realización del proyecto turístico "Spa Providencia".
La legitimidad desde el Parlamento Andino como Órgano Deliberante de la CAN
Authors: Blanco Alvarado Carolina
Published: March 2020

Un rápido vistazo sobre la marcha del proceso de integración andino en los últimos años, nos permite apreciar el señalamiento de importantes avances relacionados con el futuro del proceso, como su reforzamiento institucional en la conversión del pacto andino en una Comunidad Andina, la coordinación de los organismos de la integración dentro del sistema andino de integración – SAI, la recepción al interior del proceso de integración de la noción de “integración integral” y la elección directa por sufragio universal de los integrantes del Parlamento Andino.
Democracia, organización y participación de las mujeres: un proceso de construcción de una ciudadanía diferente
Authors: Madriz Franco Rebeca Eliany
Published: March 2020

La democracia —en su concepción clásica como forma de gobierno— ha venido transformándose en diversos contextos históricos, adquiriendo sentidos que dan cuenta de su carácter performativo. En Venezuela, la organización social e institucional ha sido impactada por una forma de democracia, definida constitucionalmente como participativa y protagónica. Gracias a la participación protagónica, las mujeres vienen ocupando un rol fundamental en la organización social y política, denotando ser un dispositivo capaz de incidir en la construcción de una ciudadanía que contribuya a desmonopolizar el poder político que hasta ahora sigue siendo patriarcal. Las relaciones hegemónicas de poder siguen siendo androcéntricas, aun cuando la revolución de las mujeres hace del feminismo uno de los movimientos sociales más fuertes del mundo occidental. Ahora bien, en relación con el debate democrático, la teoría feminista se manifiesta mediante dos posturas fundamentales: a) ganar terreno ante la visión universalista de la ciudadanía, o b) visibilizar la especificidad para denunciar la dominación patriarcal que hace de la diferencia sexual un factor de discriminación social. Este trabajo pretende estudiar cómo han ocurrido estos procesos y cómo, mediante la participación protagónica, se ha dado una transformación sustancial en la ampliación de los derechos ciudadanos de las venezolanas.
Proyectos de educación femenina. Discursos del quehacer femenino en la primera mitad del siglo XIX en Colombia
Authors: García Jurado Mayra
Published: March 2020

Este artículo presenta una reflexión frente a los proyectos institucionales y privados de educación femenina durante la primera mitad del siglo xix en Colombia. Desde una revisión documental —leyes, reformas y manuales—, se exponen los discursos morales que fundamentaron dichos proyectos, con el fin de comprender cuáles fueron los cambios de la función social que se otorgó a las mujeres de la época. Aunque entonces hubo importantes cambios políticos, se evidencia poca variación en los discursos sobre el rol de las mujeres en la sociedad colombiana. El permanente interés del sector eclesiástico por mantener el papel tradicional de las mujeres frenó las intenciones de las élites políticas de tendencia liberal, que pretendían institucionalizar la educación femenina. Se concluye que, aunque a finales del periodo de estudio los liberales lograron introducir algunas de estas ideas instalando escuelas e incluyendo nuevos campos de formación, la finalidad de estas iniciativas continuaba afirmando que la educación femenina debía girar en torno a una función principal: la formación moral de los ciudadanos.
Límites del tratamiento de los datos personales en el ámbito laboral frente al uso de las tecnologías de la información y comunicación en la era digital
Authors: Galvis Cano Lucero , Pesca Mesa Daniel Alexander
Published: March 2020

El siglo xxi se ha caracterizado por la digitalización y el uso de las tecnologías de la información y las comunicaciones en diversos escenarios de la vida socioeconómica, laboral, cultural, política e incluso recreativa del ser humano. Un sistema de interacción ius-informática sobresale en el ámbito laboral por la relación contractual basada en el análisis de los postulados teóricos de seguridad y confidencialidad de las tic, tales como: “la globalización, la innovación tecnológica, la flexibilización y precarización del mercado de trabajo, el cambio institucional, las condiciones salariales, el papel de los sindicatos, la tendencia de la educación en la preparación de mano de obra, la migración, los derechos humanos y la equidad de género en la relación laboral” (Vega, 2015). El presente artículo hace una aproximación al análisis del alcance del derecho a las nuevas tecnologías en Colombia respecto al derecho a la protección de datos personales en el ámbito laboral; así como del equilibrio que se debe establecer en el ordenamiento jurídico, respecto al ejercicio del derecho a la intimidad, la información, la expresión, la libertad, la subordinación y las obligaciones que surgen de un sistema contractual interconectado por el mundo de la comunicación virtual (que evoluciona y se transforma a gran escala en diferentes dimensiones de la información y las comunicaciones). Los retos y avances jurídicos deben ser incorporados desde la teoría de los sistemas y el acoplamiento al mundo digitalizado, con el fin de garantizar los derechos de los diferentes actores que intervienen en la gestión integral de los datos personales en todos los estados.
Los convenios de asociación con entidades sin ánimo de lucro y su inclusión como modalidad en el estatuto general de la contratación estatal
Authors: Acosta Suárez Nevis , Guarnizo Rojas Martha Ligia
Published: March 2020

La figura de los convenios de asociación tiene su génesis en el artículo 355 de la Constitución política, reglamentado inicialmente por los decretos 777 y 1403 de 1992 y el decreto 2459 de 1993. Esta normatividad especial es anterior y ajena al estatuto contractual colombiano, en donde se consagró de manera particular y puntual el uso de esta tipología sin definir un procedimiento claro para la celebración de estos convenios, lo que implicó un amplio margen de discrecionalidad, por parte de la administración pública, en la escogencia de la esal, la determinación de los objetos y la práctica reiterada y común de esta figura de carácter exceptivo, lo cual generó el abuso en su aplicación. El Gobierno nacional, como consecuencia del uso inadecuado de los convenios de asociación con entidades privadas sin ánimo de lucro, expidió una nueva reglamentación contenida en el decreto 092 del 23 de enero de 2017, que entró en vigencia el 1.º de junio del mismo año. Con esta se derogan las anteriores reglamentaciones y se introduce la aplicación de los principios de la contratación estatal, así como el diseño de unos procedimientos contractuales con participación plural de las esal en casos específicos. Esto determina unos criterios de escogencia, desarrollados a través de una guía confeccionada por Colombia Compra Eficiente, que, si bien sirven de pauta y sugerencias, adolecen de carácter coercitivo y, por ende, mantienen un margen de discrecionalidad de los entes administrativos que impide una escogencia basada en criterios objetivos, esto es, libre de todo afecto o interés.
Mortalidade por suicídio no Espírito Santo, Brasil: uma análise do período de 2012 a 2016
Authors: Tavares Fabio Lucio , Borgo Vinicius Marti Pedroni , Leite Franciele Marabotti Costa , Cupertino Edleusa Gomes Ferreira , Pereira Jacira Dos Anjos , Alves Rodrigo Nascimento Ribeiro , Rosa Mauro
Published: March 2020

Objetivo: descrever a mortalidade dos óbitos por lesões autoprovocadas intencionalmente no Espírito Santo, Brasil.Materiais e métodos: estudo epidemiológico, baseado em dados secundários sobre a tendência dos suicídios ocorridos no Espírito Santo no período de 2012 a 2016.Resultados: a análise de tendência indicou crescimento da taxa de mortalidade por suicídio ao longo do período de 2012 a 2016 (R2 = 0,9307; p < 0,001). A maioria das vítimas foram homens (73,5 %), pardos (47,9 %), adultos (81,4 %)que morreram por enforcamento, seguido de envenenamento e arma de fogo. O enforcamento foi mais prevalente entre os homens (P = 63; p < 0,001); entre as mulheres, o envenenamento (P = 20,8 %; p < 0,001) e a precipitação de lugar elevado (P = 14 %; p < 0,001).Conclusão: o aumento na mortalidade por suicídio entre a população estudada vem acompanhando a tendência de crescimento no Brasil e no mundo. Acredita-se que este estudo se constitui como mais um recurso de acesso à informação sobre o suicídio de modo a facilitar a tomada de decisão por parte dos órgãos competentes no enfrentamento dessa problemática bem como estimular e ampliar a discussão sobre o tema.
Reflexionar sobre el sufrimiento mental, acerca al cuidado genuino: situación de cuidado
Authors: Hernández Bello Ladini Sunanda , Cogollo Milanés Zuleima
Published: March 2020

Objetivo: visibilizar el cuidado de enfermería de calidad y dignificante, a pesar de los problemas en la atención en salud, desde la transversalidad de la salud mental con base en la teoría psicodinámica de Hildegard Peplau.Síntesis del contenido: las narrativas de enfermería contribuyen al desarrollo de la disciplina y buscan la identificación y el crecimiento de las enfermeras en su relación con los sujetos de cuidado. Publicar narrativas aporta a la investigación desde un estudio diferente que resalta la experiencia de la persona que sufre un proceso de enfermedad y demuestra cómo el profesional de enfermería es clave para la recuperación de la salud física y mental, teniendo en cuenta el proceso de atención de enfermería. Es menester la formación del profesional de la salud y de enfermería en el cuidado del paciente con sufrimiento psíquico para derribar los perjuicios y tratos diferenciales que puedan afectar los cuidados. Así mismo, el Estado debe garantizar el acceso de la población a servicios de salud mental, para que exista atención oportuna. La teoría psicodinámica de Peplau describe el papel de la enfermera a través de las relaciones interpersonales, que se convierten en un proceso terapéutico para la persona con una enfermedad.Conclusión: las personas con sufrimiento psíquico que acuden por atención de salud se enfrentan a la discriminación, a la escasa valoración de sus síntomas, lo que impide una adecuada relación enfermera-paciente y se traduce en tratos diferenciales y formas de maltrato que afectan la dignidad del sujeto de cuidado.
Clinical and epidemiological features of papillomavirus infection manifestations on the example of cervical cancer and genital warts
Authors: Briko Nikolay I. , Sekacheva Marina I. , Lopukhov Platon D. , Kobzev Gleb S. , Kaprin Andrey D. , Novikova Elena G. , Trushina Olga I. , Khaldin Aleksey A. , Maleev Viktor V.
Published: March 2020

Background: Cervical cancer and genital warts (GWs) are some of the most common manifestations of human papillomavirus infection (HPV). These lesions cause significant damage to the reproductive health of the population, which leads to increased attention to the prevention of HPV infection among various population groups.
Aims: To determine the clinical and epidemiological features of the HPV manifestations by the example of cervical cancer and genital warts.
Methods: A retrospective analysis of anamnestic information of 115 women with an established diagnosis of cervical cancer and 177 patients with an established diagnosis of GWs was performed. The clinical and epidemiological characteristics of patients with diagnoses of GWs and cervical cancer were based on the development of outpatient admission cards and inpatient histories, as well as test data for HPV.
Results: HPV 16 was the most common HPV type among patients with GWs and cervical cancer ― it was detected in 37.6% of cases. Also the most frequently encountered: HPV 6/18/11/31/51/52. In 43.2% cases of HPV detection, two or more types were detected at once, the most common combinations: HPV16 and HPV18, HPV6 and HPV16, HPV6 and HPV11. Analysis of the frequency of screening for cervical cancer and visits to the gynecologist for 5 years before establishing the diagnosis showed that among those who did not screen for cervical cancer, the risk of diagnosing stage IIIV was 5.2 times higher than among individuals who underwent cervical screening 2 years ago, or once a year for the last five years. Among patients with GWs who had 2 or more sexual partners for 1 year, 13.5% of patients regularly used barrier contraception methods (condoms) during sexual contact, not regularly ― 61.5%, did not use them at all ― 25.0%.
Conclusions: Identifying the clinical and epidemiological features of HPV infection should contribute to the development of new and optimize existing prevention programs for a wide range of HPV-associated diseases.
What is better for a patient with stable coronary artery disease — bypass surgery or percutaneous coronary intervention?
Authors: Sokolova Nalalya Yu. , Golukhova Elena Z.
Published: March 2020

Background: The main methods of treating patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD) are myocardial revascularization with coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) or percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI). These are two fundamentally different in technique and volume of surgical interventions; PCI is associated with rapid rehabilitation of the patient, and only CABG demonstrated effective in survival benefit.
Aims: Comparison of the long-term results of myocardial revascularization with CABG and PCI in patients with stable CAD.
Methods: The results of a prospective one-center cohort study of 369 patients with stable CAD are presented, the average age is 60.1 5.4 years. Patients were randomized into 2 groups by the Heart Team: CABG (n = 196) and PCI (n = 173). In each group, subgroups were identified depending on the severity of the coronary lesion, and the CABG group was also separately studied in according to CABG technique ― beating-heart (off-pump) and with cardiopulmonary bypass (on-pump). The average follow-up was 54.3 7 months. The main outcomes of the study were major adverse cardiac and cerebral events (MACCE): death from all causes, cardiac mortality, nonfatal myocardial infarction (MI), nonfatal stroke and repeated coronary revascularization.
Results: Over the 5-year follow-up period, no differences were found between the CABG and PCI groups with a low complexity of coronary artery lesions (SYNTAX Score 14.2 4.8) in terms of survival, cardiac mortality, nonfatal MI and stroke, and the need for repeated myocardial revascularization. Patients with stenosis of the left main coronary artery (LMCA) and/or multivascular CA disease (SYNTAX Score 25.8 5.0) in the long-term follow-up after CABG and PCI did not differ in MACCE, but the CABG group demonstrated a significant advantage in repeated myocardial revascularization. No significant differences were found in any study endpoint in patients after CABG on-pump versus off-pump.
Conclusions: Our study demonstrates the advantage of CABG in patients with stable CAD with stenosis of the LMCA and/or multivascular CA disease, and which CABG technique should depends on the comorbidity of the patient, the experience of the surgeon and the surgical center.