bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Risk Based Banking Financial Performance Impact on PSAK 71 Implementation (Study at Bank Mega Tbk.)
Authors: Parashtiwi Ninggar
Published: December 2022

This study to examine the effect of PSAK 71 to banking performance based on Bank Mega Tbk. Banking performance component is risk profile, good corporate governance, earnings, and capital. The research data used secondary collected through the documentation method. The data collection used library research.

The results of this study showed that risk profile with NPL ratio and LDR ratio had an impact decrease in the percentage ratio after PSAK 71. Good corporate governance have not an impact after PSAK 71. Earnings with ROA ratio and ROE ratio have not an impact after PSAK 71, but BOPO ratio and NIM ratio had an impact decrease in the percentage ratio after PSAK 71. Capital has not an impact after PSAK 71.
ESTÁGIO SUPERVISIONADO NA FORMAÇÃO DOCENTE E ENSINO REMOTO: UM ESTUDO NA LICENCIATURA EM MATEMÁTICA
Authors: Breno Rocha Roseira Ítalo , Karla Alves de Freitas Lira Aliny , da Silva Neta Maria de Lourdes , Germano Magalhães Junior Antonio
Published: December 2022

O Estágio supervisionado é um componente formativo nos cursos de licenciatura que possibilita aos licenciandos conhecer o futuro campo de atuação profissional e relacionar as dimensões teóricas e práticas, geradoras da práxis. A investigação objetivou compreender as concepções e desafios dos estudantes do curso de licenciatura em Matemática no estágio supervisionado nos anos finais do ensino fundamental realizado no formato remoto. Como indicações metodológicas adotamos a abordagem qualitativa, com a utilização das técnicas de coleta de dados documental realizada nos relatórios de estágio elaborados pelos futuros professores. Destacamos a relevância da elaboração dos relatórios de estágio mediante as considerações dos licenciandos, possibilitando conhecer a importância do estágio, a partir das revelações apreendidas pelos estudantes na formação de professores de Matemática, estabelecendo vínculos teóricos e práticos com a educação básica mencionando a necessidade dos professores conhecerem as tecnologias para auxiliarem no ensino e no atendimento educacional.
A CONTRIBUIÇÃO DAS FUNÇÕES DISCURSIVAS NA ANÁLISE DA PRODUÇÃO DOS ESTUDANTES NA RESOLUÇÃO DE PROBLEMAS
Authors: Sabel Eduardo , Thadeu Moretti Méricles
Published: December 2022

A linguagem desempenha um papel fundamental no desenvolvimento social por sua função comunicativa. Quando pensamos na matemática, ela admite outros empregos necessários para a ampliação dos discursos, como as funções e operações discursivas. Duval (2004) as apresenta como inerentes ao processo de ensino e aprendizagem em matemática, uma vez que cumprem uma função cognitiva e agem como um registro de representação semiótica para o desenvolvimento do pensamento. Neste artigo, apresentamos uma pesquisa realizada com estudantes do Ensino Médio que foram colocados para resolver alguns problemas matemáticos, com o intuito de produzir discursos que pudessem ser analisados à luz das funções discursivas. Amparado por elementos da Engenharia Didática (ARTIGUE, 1986) e pela Teoria dos Registros de Representação Semiótica, esse estudo constatou as contribuições que as funções discursivas possibilitam como instrumento de análise da produção dos estudantes. Dentre os resultados, considera-se que o papel que desempenham é fundamental para se observar as diferentes aprendizagens dos objetos matemáticos contidos nos problemas e algumas incompreensões acerca dos conteúdos. A função de designação de objetos se destacou, assim como as funções relacionadas à construção de frase e ampliação do discurso
CONCEPÇÕES DE PROFESSORES DA EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL E ANOS INICIAIS EM RELAÇÃO AO ENSINO INCLUSIVO DE MATEMÁTICA
Authors: Cézar da Silva Davi , Boscarioli Clodis , Belford Powell Arthur
Published: December 2022

Neste artigo, objetivamos apresentar uma caracterização de profissionais da Educação Infantil e Anos Iniciais do Ensino Fundamental que participaram em uma formação continuada sobre os seguintes temas: Educação Matemática Inclusiva, recursos didáticos concretos, Inclusão, e Lesson Study. Produzimos este estudo, com intuito de verificar os conhecimentos prévios desses profissionais em relação aos temas que entendemos como necessários a uma Alfabetização Matemática Inclusiva. A produção de dados se deu por meio de questionário e a organização para as análises qualitativas com o auxílio do software Atlas.Ti. Verificamos que a maioria dos profissionais tem formação específica na área de Pedagogia, além de um número considerável de pós-graduados. Constatamos que, de maneira geral, os professores apontam a necessidade de formações continuadas, por exemplo, sobre a utilização de materiais diversificados no ensino da Matemática. Compreendemos que diferentes momentos formativos podem auxiliá-los a superar as dificuldades relatadas, em particular sobre a inclusão, sendo necessário aumentar as discussões para suprir lacunas tanto em relação ao entendimento do conceito, quanto nas possibilidades de abordagens, metodologias e materiais em sala de aula, reforçando que as instituições de ensino devem promover e estimular a participação dos professores em formações que valorizem suas experiências profissionais, e a partir daí, promovam conhecimentos a serem aplicados em seu cotidiano de trabalho. Por fim, pesquisas futuras podem explorar, por meio de formações continuadas, os conceitos aqui abordados para que o conjunto desses conhecimentos culmine na promoção de uma efetiva Educação Matemática Inclusiva.
TECNOLOGIAS NA MATEMÁTICA: UMA REVISÃO ACERCA DE TRABALHOS COM O USO DO GEOGEBRA NO ENSINO DE GEOMETRIA PLANA
Authors: Dias de Sousa Adriano , Ribeiro Martins Rogerio , dos Santos Carneiro Raylson , Ferreira da Silva Kattia , dos Santos Carneiro Rogerio
Published: December 2022

O objetivo do trabalho é apresentar a importância da utilização do software GeoGebra como forma de auxílio a professores e alunos no processo de ensino e aprendizagem, evidenciando as contribuições da inserção de tecnologias da informação e comunicação na educação, em especial, o uso do GeoGebra no ensino de geometria plana. Para tratar sobre o uso desse software no ensino de geometria plana, realizou-se uma revisão sistemática de trabalhos, por meio de uma pesquisa bibliográfica em plataformas digitais e, com isso, foram selecionados quatorze trabalhos para a etapa de análise. A maior parte dos trabalhos relaciona o uso do GeoGebra ao ensino básico. Identifica-se que essa relação tem laços estreitos com o ensino de geometria plana, pois com o auxílio do software, propicia-se a representação das figuras geométricas de forma rápida e com diversificação de seus detalhes. Através da análise desses trabalhos, pode-se verificar que o uso desse programa no ensino da geometria plana é uma ferramenta que facilita o processo de ensino e aprendizagem de forma mais dinâmica e produtiva.
AS PESSOAS IDOSAS SOB PERSPECTIVA DA EDUCAÇÃO MATEMÁTICA
Authors: Feitosa de Sousa Jheferson , Milton Lopes Pinheiro José
Published: December 2022

Este trabalho visa compreender: como a Educação Matemática, no âmbito das temáticas que a constitui, se direciona reflexivamente aos idosos? Para tanto, realiza-se um levantamento bibliográfico que legou vinte e oito textos, junto aos quais realiza-se uma análise fenomenológica. Tal análise permitiu constituir três ideias nucleares a partir das quais pode-se tecer compreensões sobre o interrogado, quais sejam: a educação matemática de idosos sob perspectiva da inclusão; práticas pedagógicas voltadas ao ensino de idosos; o olhar ao idoso a partir da Etnomatemática. A articulação sobre cada Ideia Nuclear possibilitou destacar aqueles que a investigação mostrou como olhares da Educação Matemática ao público idoso, dentre eles, o olhar da Modelagem Matemática, da Educação Financeira, da formação de professores de Matemática, das tecnologias da informação e da comunicação, da Etnomatemática, das práticas pedagógicas e atividades de Ensino e da inclusão social. Constata-se a ausência do olhar da Filosofia da Educação Matemática, este que pode à posteriori ser direcionado pelos autores deste texto, ou por pesquisadores que o leem.
RELAÇÕES ENTRE OS CONTEÚDOS GEOMÉTRICOS ENVOLVIDOS NAS PROVAS DA OBMEP E AS HABILIDADES MATEMÁTICAS PRESCRITAS NA BNCC
Authors: de Souza Jordão Emanuel , de Souza Simone , Franci Raimundo Yaegashi Solange
Published: December 2022

Este estudo objetivou relacionar os conteúdos geométricos previstos na Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC) e aqueles solicitados para as resoluções das provas da Olimpíada Brasileira de Matemática das Escolas Públicas (OBMEP) considerando o desempenho dos estudantes participantes de tal olimpíada. Realizou-se uma pesquisa documental, por meio da qual foram selecionadas e analisadas as provas da OBMEP do período de 2015 a 2019, níveis 1 e 2, e os conteúdos matemáticos da BNCC. Identificou-se uma conexão entre os conteúdos determinados pelo documento e aqueles necessários à realização das provas na área de Geometria, bem como o reconhecimento de que as escolas dedicadas à preparação de seus alunos para as provas da Olimpíada alteraram seu desempenho geral em Matemática. Concluiu-se que há correlação entre as indicações de habilidades a serem desenvolvidas pelos alunos previstas na base curricular e os conhecimentos necessários para resolver as questões das provas. Ademais, a participação dos estudantes nas olimpíadas provocou o aumento das notas em Matemática, o que revela a necessidade de realização de outras pesquisas com o intuito de buscar alternativas para a superação do fracasso escolar nessa área.
Case report: Ruptured aortic sinus aneurysm with left coronary artery aneurysm-right atrial fistula
Authors: Xiong Wei , Long Wei , Tang Li , Liu Jin , Song Haibo
Published: December 2022

A 50-year-old women presented with a history of fatigue after activities. Transthoracic echocardiography showed a 2.8 cm dilatation at the ostium of the left coronary artery and a 7.1 × 7.4 cm cyst-like aneurysm at the upper back of the left atrium, interlinking an anomalous fistula from the left coronary artery to the right atrial appendage, accompanied by moderate mitral and tricuspid regurgitation. Cardiac 3D-computed tomography confirmed the diagnosis of a ruptured aortic sinus aneurysm (RASA) and a giant left coronary artery aneurysm fistula to the right atrium. A transesophageal echocardiogram and surgical vision confirmed these findings. Surgeries, including RASA repair, coronary artery bypass grafting, and mitral and tricuspid valvuloplasty, were then performed. The procedures proceeded successfully, and the patient fully recovered and was discharged home.
Development of early age autogenous and thermal strains of alkali-activated slag-fly ash pastes
Authors: Lacante Maïté , Delsaute Brice , Gambacorta Julie , Königsberger Markus , Staquet Stéphanie
Published: December 2022

Replacing ordinary Portland cement-based materials with alkali-activated industrial wastes is often limited because of significant volume changes occurring in these materials at early age. This experimental study aims to quantify the extent of the volume changes and explore the underlying mechanisms of pastes composed of slag and fly ash (ratio 50:50) which are activated by sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate. Eight compositions were tested, with silica modulus (Ms) varying between 1.04 and 1.58 and with solution-to-binder ratios (S/B) varying between 0.47 and 0.70. Specimen length changes in sealed conditions are monitored by applying repeated thermal variations in an adapted AutoShrink device and are accompanied by isothermal calorimetry, uniaxial compressive strength, and internal relative humidity (IRH) tests. This way, the temporal evolutions of autogenous strains, the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE), the heat release, the apparent activation energy (Ea), the IRH and the strength are determined and compared to each other. Both the measured autogenous shrinkage and CTEs are rather large; they amount to 4,000–5,000 μm/m and roughly 40 μm/m/°C, respectively, at material ages of 2 weeks. An increase in S/B leads to a decrease in autogenous shrinkage and an increase in CTE. An increase in the Ms causes a decrease in both the autogenous shrinkage and the CTE. Most strikingly, autogenous shrinkage evolves linearly with the cumulative heat released by the binders. The IRH remains continuously above 94% during the first 2 weeks. The apparent activation energy amounts to roughly 74 kJ/mol and is virtually unaffected by S/B and Ms.
Targets of histone H3 lysine 9 methyltransferases
Authors: Levinsky Aidan J. , McEdwards Gregor , Sethna Nasha , Currie Mark A.
Published: December 2022

Histone H3 lysine 9 di- and trimethylation are well-established marks of constitutively silenced heterochromatin domains found at repetitive DNA elements including pericentromeres, telomeres, and transposons. Loss of heterochromatin at these sites causes genomic instability in the form of aberrant DNA repair, chromosome segregation defects, replication stress, and transposition. H3K9 di- and trimethylation also regulate cell type-specific gene expression during development and form a barrier to cellular reprogramming. However, the role of H3K9 methyltransferases extends beyond histone methylation. There is a growing list of non-histone targets of H3K9 methyltransferases including transcription factors, steroid hormone receptors, histone modifying enzymes, and other chromatin regulatory proteins. Additionally, two classes of H3K9 methyltransferases modulate their own function through automethylation. Here we summarize the structure and function of mammalian H3K9 methyltransferases, their roles in genome regulation and constitutive heterochromatin, as well as the current repertoire of non-histone methylation targets including cases of automethylation.
Intronic variants in inborn errors of metabolism: Beyond the exome
Authors: Hertzog Ashley , Selvanathan Arthavan , Farnsworth Elizabeth , Tchan Michel , Adams Louisa , Lewis Katherine , Tolun Adviye Ayper , Bennetts Bruce , Ho Gladys , Bhattacharya Kaustuv
Published: December 2022

Non-coding regions are areas of the genome that do not directly encode protein and were initially thought to be of little biological relevance. However, subsequent identification of pathogenic variants in these regions indicates there are exceptions to this assertion. With the increasing availability of next generation sequencing, variants in non-coding regions are often considered when no causative exonic changes have been identified. There is still a lack of understanding of normal human variation in non-coding areas. As a result, potentially pathogenic non-coding variants are initially classified as variants of uncertain significance or are even overlooked during genomic analysis. In most cases where the phenotype is non-specific, clinical suspicion is not sufficient to warrant further exploration of these changes, partly due to the magnitude of non-coding variants identified. In contrast, inborn errors of metabolism (IEMs) are one group of genetic disorders where there is often high phenotypic specificity. The clinical and biochemical features seen often result in a narrow list of diagnostic possibilities. In this context, there have been numerous cases in which suspicion of a particular IEM led to the discovery of a variant in a non-coding region. We present four patients with IEMs where the molecular aetiology was identified within non-coding regions. Confirmation of the molecular diagnosis is often aided by the clinical and biochemical specificity associated with IEMs. Whilst the clinical severity associated with a non-coding variant can be difficult to predict, obtaining a molecular diagnosis is crucial as it ends diagnostic odysseys and assists in management.
Comparing clinical characteristics of systemic sclerosis with or without interstitial lung disease: A cross-sectional study from a single center of the Chinese Rheumatism Data Center
Authors: Li Haoguang , Zhang Xiuling , Yu Le , Shang Jingjing , Fan Jie , Feng Xueqin , Zhang Rongwei , Ren Jie , Guo Qifang , Duan Xinwang
Published: December 2022

Background

We aimed to compare the clinical characteristics of patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) with or without interstitial lung disease (ILD) to identify relationships with the presence of ILD in SSc at a single center in China.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted using retrospective data from the Chinese Rheumatology Data Center. Patients diagnosed with SSc at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University between 2013 and 2022 were included. Demographic and clinical characteristics were compared between patients with SSc with and without ILD. Logistic regression analyses were performed to explore these associations.

Results

A total of 227 patients with SSc were included (male:female ratio = 1:4.82), of which 121 (53.3%) were accompanied with ILD. SSc patients with ILD had a higher percentage of diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis (dcSSc), sclerodactyly, loss of finger pad, muscle involvement, left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD), and pulmonary hypertension (PAH), elevated Krebs von den Lungen-6 (KL-6), and elevated ferritin than those without ILD, and a higher modified Rodnan skin score (mRSS), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) (all P < 0.05). Antinuclear antibody (ANA) and anti-scleroderma-70 (anti-Scl-70) positivity was presented frequently in SSc patients with ILD, while SSc patients without ILD were more often anti-centromere antibody (ACA) positive (all P < 0.05). On the multivariable analysis, muscle involvement [OR 2.551 (95% CI 1.054–6.175), P = 0.038], LVDD [OR 2.360 (95% CI 1.277–4.361), P = 0.006], PAH [OR 9.134 (95% CI 2.335–35.730), P = 0.001], dcSSc [OR 2.859 (95% CI 1.489–5.487), P = 0.002], PLR [OR 1.005 (95% CI 1.001–1.008), P = 0.020], elevated KL-6 [OR 2.033 (95% CI 1.099–3.763), P = 0.024], and anti-Scl-70 [OR 3.101 (95% CI 1.647–5.840), P < 0.001] were statistically significant associations with SSc patients with ILD.

Conclusion

Systemic sclerosis was found mainly in females. Several important differences in clinical and laboratory characteristics have been demonstrated between SSc patients with or without ILD. Muscle involvement, LVDD, PAH, dcSSc, PLR, elevated KL-6, and Anti-Scl-70 antibody may be associated with SSc in patients with ILD.
The place of allogeneic stem cell transplantation in aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma in the era of CAR-T-cell therapy
Authors: Castagna Luca , Bono Roberto , Tringali Stefania , Sapienza Giuseppe , Santoro Alessandra , Indovina Alessandro , Tarantino Vittoria , Di Noto Laura , Maggio Aurelio , Patti Caterina
Published: December 2022

Chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cells are a treatment option for patients with relapse/refractory (R/R) non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), acute lymphoid leukemia and multiple myeloma. To date, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), mantle cell lymphoma (MCL), follicular lymphoma (FL), and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) have been successfully treated with CAR-T cells directed against the CD19 antigen. However, when R/R disease persists after several treatment lines, patients with these diseases are often referred to transplantation centres to receive allogeneic stem cell transplantation (ALLO-SCT). ALLO-SCT and CAR-T cells share mechanism of actions, inducing immune effects of T-cells (and other cells after transplantation) against lymphoma cells, but they differ in several other characteristics. These differences justify unique positioning of each therapy within treatment algorithms. In this paper, we analyzed the results obtained after ALLO-SCT and CAR-T-cell therapy in patients with aggressive lymphomas (large B-cell lymphoma and MCL) to identify the ideal scenarios in which these 2 immunological therapies should be employed.
Preliminary exploration of the co-regulation of Alzheimer’s disease pathogenic genes by microRNAs and transcription factors
Authors: Zhang Qi , Yang Ping , Pang Xinping , Guo Wenbo , Sun Yue , Wei Yanyu , Pang Chaoyang
Published: December 2022

Background

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common form of age-related neurodegenerative disease. Unfortunately, due to the complexity of pathological types and clinical heterogeneity of AD, there is a lack of satisfactory treatment for AD. Previous studies have shown that microRNAs and transcription factors can modulate genes associated with AD, but the underlying pathophysiology remains unclear.

Methods

The datasets GSE1297 and GSE5281 were downloaded from the gene expression omnibus (GEO) database and analyzed to obtain the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) through the “R” language “limma” package. The GSE1297 dataset was analyzed by weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA), and the key gene modules were selected. Next, gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis for the key gene modules were performed. Then, the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed and the hub genes were identified using the STRING database and Cytoscape software. Finally, for the GSE150693 dataset, the “R” package “survivation” was used to integrate the data of survival time, AD transformation status and 35 characteristics, and the key microRNAs (miRNAs) were selected by Cox method. We also performed regression analysis using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (Lasso)-Cox to construct and validate prognostic features associated with the four key genes using different databases. We also tried to find drugs targeting key genes through DrugBank database.

Results

GO and KEGG enrichment analysis showed that DEGs were mainly enriched in pathways regulating chemical synaptic transmission, glutamatergic synapses and Huntington’s disease. In addition, 10 hub genes were selected from the PPI network by using the algorithm Between Centrality. Then, four core genes (TBP, CDK7, GRM5, and GRIA1) were selected by correlation with clinical information, and the established model had very good prognosis in different databases. Finally, hsa-miR-425-5p and hsa-miR-186-5p were determined by COX regression, AD transformation status and aberrant miRNAs.

Conclusion

In conclusion, we tried to construct a network in which miRNAs and transcription factors jointly regulate pathogenic genes, and described the process that abnormal miRNAs and abnormal transcription factors TBP and CDK7 jointly regulate the transcription of AD central genes GRM5 and GRIA1. The insights gained from this study offer the potential AD biomarkers, which may be of assistance to the diagnose and therapy of AD.
Dyslexia and dysgraphia of primary progressive aphasia in Chinese: A systematic review
Authors: Liu Junyan , Ota Shoko , Kawakami Nobuko , Kanno Shigenori , Suzuki Kyoko
Published: December 2022

Introduction

Currently, little is known about Chinese-speaking primary progressive aphasia (PPA) patients compared to patients who speak Indo-European languages. We examined the demographics and clinical manifestations, particularly reading and writing characteristics, of Chinese patients with PPA over the last two decades to establish a comprehensive profile and improve diagnosis and care.

Methods

We reviewed the demographic features, clinical manifestations, and radiological features of Chinese-speaking PPA patients from 56 articles published since 1994. We then summarized the specific reading and writing errors of Chinese-speaking patients.

Results

The average age of onset for Chinese-speaking patients was in their early 60's, and there were slightly more male patients than female patients. The core symptoms and images of Chinese-speaking patients were similar to those of patients who speak Indo-European languages. Reading and writing error patterns differed due to Chinese's distinct tone and orthography. The types of reading errors reported in Chinese-speaking patients with PPA included tonal errors, regularization errors, visually related errors, semantic errors, phonological errors, unrelated errors, and non-response. Among these errors, regularization errors were the most common in semantic variant PPA, and tonal errors were specific to Chinese. Writing errors mainly consisted of non-character errors (stroke, radical/component, visual, pictograph, dyskinetic errors, and spatial errors), phonologically plausible errors, orthographically similar errors, semantic errors, compound word errors, sequence errors, unrelated errors, and non-response.

Conclusion

This paper provides the latest comprehensive demographic information and unique presentations on the reading and writing of Chinese-speaking patients with PPA. More detailed studies are needed to address the frequency of errors in reading and writing and their anatomical substrates.
Adjuvant chemotherapy for lymph node positive esophageal squamous cell cancer: The prediction role of low mean platelet volume
Authors: Liu Xiaoling , Zhang Kaijiong , Tang Jie , Jiang Li , Jiang Yu , Wang Qifeng
Published: December 2022

Background

This study aimed to examine whether MPV is a useful prognostic marker and investigated whether MPV is a risk factor that helps identify patients with locally advanced-stage ESCC who will most likely benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy.

Methods

Patients (n =1690) with histologically confirmed ESCC were diagnosed with locally advanced stage (pT3-4N0M0 and pT1-4N+M0) at Sichuan Cancer Hospital from 2009 to 2017. Clinicopathological factors and platelet-related values were tested for their associations with survival using univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses. The optimal cut-off value for continuous variables was determined using the ‘maxstat’ R package. The KM curve continuous variable analysis was performed to identify the optimal cut-off value for MPV. Cumulative survival rates were determined using the Kaplan–Meier estimator and compared using the log-rank test. The survival analysis was performed using the ‘survival’ R package. All statistical analyses were performed using R software 4.1.3 (https://www.r-project.org/), and a two-sided p-value <0.05 was considered to indicate statistical significance.

Results

Multivariate analysis indicated that low MPV was an important risk factor for overall survival in locally advanced ESCC, independent of classic clinicopathological factors. The optimal cut-off value of MPV (11.8 fL) was used to stratify high-risk patients. Patients with low mean platelet volumes had a worse prognosis than those with larger platelet volumes, according to Kaplan–Meier analysis and the log-rank test. Patients diagnosed with a pathological lymph node-positive stage with a low MPV (≤11.8 fL) benefited from postoperative chemotherapy, but not those with a high-level MPV (>11.8 fL).

Conclusion

MPV served as an independent predictor of prognosis of locally advanced-stage ESCC and predicted a survival benefit conferred by postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy in lymph node-positive ESCC.
Generic switching: Do future physicians in Jordan have enough knowledge and a positive attitude?
Authors: Al Zoubi Sura , Gharaibeh Lobna , Al-Masri Batool , Alsahele Ahmad B. , AL-Masaeid Buthainah
Published: December 2022

Background: Generic switching is a policy that has shown success in minimising pharmaceutical costs. It has also been used to mitigate recurrent and sudden drug shortages. Not all countries have policies that allow pharmacists to switch to generic drugs independently. In Jordan, only pharmacists at Ministry of Health hospitals automatically switch to generics if doctors had not already done INN prescribing.

Objectives: This study targeted medical students to assess their experience with generic switching as patients, their knowledge of the subject as students, and their attitude towards it as future prescribers and policymakers.

Methods: This is a descriptive, cross-sectional study conducted online. Eligibility criteria were being a fourth, fifth, or sixth-year medical school student enrolled at any of the six Jordanian universities. The questionnaire was developed by the researchers after a careful review of the relevant literature.

Results: Three hundred and ninety students responded to the online questionnaire. Most participants were females (244, 62.6%), senior students in their final (6th) year (162, 41.5%) and with very good academic achievement (166, 42.6%). The highest knowledge scores concerned patient rights (0.73/1.00), followed by knowledge about monitoring after generic switching (0.66/1.00), and patients with known drug allergies (0.66/1.00). Almost half of the participants believe that pharmacists should not be given the right to do generic switching and only 16% stated that they would choose generic drugs if they needed treatment in the future. Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that significant predictors of knowledge were gender, GPA, and family income. No correlations were found between participants’ knowledge scores and their attitudes towards giving pharmacists the right to independently switch drugs, or whether they would accept a substitute from pharmacists rather than having to refer to the physician.

Conclusion: Medical students in Jordan lack sufficient knowledge about generic switching. Students need to be more aware of the current policies and regulations of this practice, and the role of each healthcare worker involved in it. They also need to have a more positive attitude toward generic drugs and generic switching practice to facilitate its future implementation.
Altered states, alkaloids, and catatonia: Monoaminoxidase inhibitors and their role in the history of psychopharmacology
Authors: Buda Octavian , Hostiuc Sorin , Popa-Velea Ovidiu , Boroghina Steluta
Published: December 2022

Monoamine oxidases are mitochondrial enzymes that catalyze the oxidative deamination of biogenic amines (adrenaline, noradrenaline, serotonin, and dopamine), causing their inactivation and subsequently playing a fundamental role in the homeostasis of various neurotransmitters. As the regulation of these effects was deemed important in clinical practice, numerous modulators of these enzymes were tested for various clinical effects. The purpose of this paper is to present a few historical landmarks regarding monoaminoxidase inhibitors and their usefulness as psychopharmacological agents. We will be focusing on banisterine, iproniazid, selegiline, rasagiline, tranylcypromine, moclobemide, and their role in the history of psychopharmacology. An almost unknown fact is that harmine, an MAO-A alkaloid, was used as early as the latter half of the 1920s in Bucharest, to reduce catatonic symptoms in schizophrenia, thus ushering the dawn of psychopharmacology era which started with chlorpromazine in the 1950s.
Role of miRNAs in regulation of SA-mediated upregulation of genes involved in folate and methionine metabolism in foxtail millet
Authors: Hou Siyu , Men Yihan , Zhang Yijuan , Zhao Kai , Ma Guifang , Li Hongying , Han Yuanhuai , Sun Zhaoxia
Published: December 2022

The effect of exogenous salicylic acid (SA) on folate metabolism and the related gene regulatory mechanisms is still unclear. In this study, the panicle of foxtail millet treated with different SA concentrations showed that 6 mM SA doubled the 5-methyltetrahydrofolate content compared to that of the control. An untargeted metabolomic analysis revealed that 275 metabolites were enriched in amino acid metabolic pathways. Significantly, the relative content of methionine (Met) after 6 mM SA treatment was 3.14 times higher than the control. Transcriptome analysis revealed that differentially expressed genes were mainly enriched in the folate and amino acid biosynthesis pathways (including Met, Cys, Pro, Ser et al.). The miRNA−mRNA interactions related to the folate and Met metabolic pathways were analyzed and several likely structural gene targets for miRNAs were identified, miRNA-seq analysis revealed that 33 and 51 miRNAs targeted 11 and 15 genes related to the folate and Met pathways, respectively. Eight key genes in the folate metabolism pathway were likely to be up-regulated by 14 new miRNAs and 20 new miRNAs up-regulated the 9 key genes in the Met metabolism pathway. The 6 miRNA−mRNA interactions related to the folate and Met metabolism pathways were verified by qRT−PCR, and consistent with the prediction. The results showed that DHFR1 gene expression level related to folate synthesis was directly up-regulated by Nov-m0139-3p with 3.8 times, but DHFR2 was down-regulated by Nov-m0731-5p with 0.62 times. The expression level of CYSC1 and APIP related to Met synthesis were up-regulated by Nov-m0461-5p and Nov-m0664-3p with 4.27 and 1.32 times, respectively. Our results suggested that exogenous SA could induce the folate and Met accumulated in the panicle of foxtail millet. The higher expression level of DHFR1, FTHFD, CYSC1 and APIP in the folate and Met metabolism pathway and their regulators, including Nov-m0139-3p, Nov-m0717-5p, Nov-m0461-5p and Nov-m0664-3p, could be responsible for these metabolites accumulation. This study lays the theoretical foundation for elucidating the post-transcription regulatory mechanisms of folate and Met metabolism.
Genome-wide association study provides genetic insights into natural variation in watermelon rind thickness and single fruit weight
Authors: Gong Chengsheng , Lu Xuqiang , Zhu Hongju , Anees Muhammad , He Nan , Liu Wenge
Published: December 2022

Rind thickness and fruit weight are agronomic traits closely related to quality and yield, which have attracted much attention from consumers and breeders. However, the genetic mechanism of these two traits is still not well understood in natural populations. In this study, rind thickness and single fruit weight in 151 watermelon accessions were determined in 2019 and 2020, and genome-wide association analysis was performed by integrating phenotypic and genotype data. Abundant phenotypic variation was found in the test population, and the watermelon with thinner rind thickness tended to have smaller fruit weights. Five significant SNPs were closely associated with rind thickness on chromosome 2 by Genome-wide association study (GWAS), i.e., 32344170, 32321308, 32304738, 32328501, and 32311192. And there were 21 genes were annotated in the candidate interval, most notably, Cla97C02G044160 belonged to the MADS family, and part of the genes in this family played an important role in regulating organ size, further analysis of gene structure, gene expression level, and phylogenetic tree showed that Cla97C02G044160 was a candidate gene for regulating target traits. In conclusion, our study provides molecular insights into the natural variation of watermelon rind thickness and single fruit weight, meanwhile, providing data support for molecular marker-assisted breeding.
Justifications of emotional responses to eliciting situations: A narratological approach to the CAD hypothesis
Authors: Song Chengfang , Rui Xiaosong , Xie Nini
Published: December 2022

The CAD hypothesis holds that there is mapping between the three moral emotions (contempt, anger and disgust) and the three moral codes of community, autonomy and divinity. Different from previous designs to establish correlations between emotions and eliciting situations which instantiate moral codes, this paper takes a narratological approach to the CAD hypothesis by examining the relationships between the three moral emotions and moral judgment relating to the three moral codes in the context of eliciting situations. First, similarity data pertaining to eliciting situations were collected by using the Order k/n-1 with fixed K method. Second, the participants were instructed to write down both their responses and justifications of their responses to the eliciting situations. A narratological analysis of the justifications of responses show that they vary along three variables: narrator, character, and basis (mostly in the form of moral judgment). The descriptive statistics of participants’ responses and of their justifications show that more than a half of responses are in the categories of anger (24.8%), disgust (20.7), and contempt (7.7%) and that about 60% of justifications contain a component of moral judgment based on the three moral codes of autonomy (30.03%), divinity (18.1), and community (11.82%). Correspondence analyses among eliciting situations, emotional responses and the three variables of justifications, together with results from the Multidimensional Scaling analysis of the similarity data, show that the CAD hypothesis is largely supported if mappings are set between the emotions in question and moral judgment concerning the eliciting situations (the basis variable of justification) and that the hypothesis is conditioned by the variable of character.
The effects of materialism and ego depletion on intertemporal choice: An event-related potential study
Authors: Pei Yingying , Yu Junjian , Zhao Lijun
Published: December 2022

Objective

The study aims to promote human beings to make scientific and reasonable decisions for the long-term and beautiful future.

Methods

We designed two experiments to explore the influence of materialism and ego depletion from the perspective of behavioral decision-making and neural mechanism.

Results

In Experiment 1, there was asymmetry in intertemporal choice between gain and loss situations. In the gain situation, high materialism were more likely to choose the later and larger option (LL). However, in a loss situation, we found a reverse sign effect, and the proportion of subjects choosing sooner and smaller options (SS) increased. In Experiment 2, in the gain situation, after adding the low ego depletion task, there was a marginal significant difference between high and low materialism in the percentage of choosing LL options, F(1, 40) = 3.37, P = 0.07, η2 = 0.08; After adding the high ego depletion task, the percentage of choosing LL options was no difference, F(1, 40) = 1.42, P > 0.05. In the loss situation, whether in the high ego depletion task [F(1, 40) = 2.25, P > 0.05) or in the low ego depletion task [F(1, 40) = 1.44, P > 0.05), there was no difference between high and low materialism in the percentage of choosing LL options, and they both tended to choose SS options. The EEG study showed that in high materialism, there was a significant difference between the high and low ego depletion conditions, and the N1 amplitude induced under the low ego depletion condition was larger than that under the high ego depletion condition. However, there was no significant difference in N1 amplitude between the high and low ego depletion conditions in the low materialism. The amplitude of P2 evoked in the loss situation was larger than that in the gain situation.

Conclusion

In conclusion, Materialism dominated people’s intertemporal choices, and ego depletion affected the intertemporal choice to a certain extent by influencing the subjects’ thinking activities. The COVID-19 epidemic maybe affected intertemporal choice indirectly by acting on materialistic values and subjects’ emotions.
COVID-19 vaccination motivation and underlying believing processes: A comparison study between individuals with affective disorder and healthy controls
Authors: Dalkner Nina , Fleischmann Eva , Fellendorf Frederike T. , Wagner-Skacel Jolana , Schönthaler Elena M. D. , Bengesser Susanne , Häussl Alfred , Tietz Sophie , Tmava-Berisha Adelina , Lenger Melanie , Reininghaus Eva Z.
Published: December 2022

Background

Believing processes represent fundamental brain functions between cognition and emotion. Shortly before the introduction of a compulsory vaccination against COVID-19 in Austria, motives and underlying believing processes regarding the vaccination were collected in individuals with affective disorder (AD) and healthy controls (HC).

Methods

79 individuals with AD and 173 HC were surveyed online to assess believing processes with the parameters of the credition model (narratives, certainty, emotion, mightiness) about (1) the coronavirus itself and (2) why someone is vaccinated or not. In addition, we calculated congruence scores between content of narrative and type of emotion and divided the narrative content into positive, negative, and indifferent.

Results

There were no differences in vaccination status between AD and HC. Higher levels of certainty were observed in HC compared to AD in both vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals. The effects were higher when asked about the motivation to vaccinate or not than about the coronavirus itself. In HC, more positive emotions and more congruence between emotions and narratives were reported during believing in their vaccination motives. No group differences were found in mightiness for both items. Independently from diagnosis, unvaccinated people had high levels of certainty and more negative emotions and narratives while believing in their motives for not getting vaccinated.

Conclusion

When believing about the COVID-19 vaccination, individuals with AD were more uncertain and experienced fewer positive emotions than HC, although both groups did not differ in vaccination status. These effects were not that strong when believing about the coronavirus in general.
How does workplace event criticality spur employees’ proactivity? The roles of work engagement and mindfulness
Authors: Zhang Yi , Gao Lifang , Feng Yuan
Published: December 2022

This paper aims to generate insights about whether, how, and when workplace event criticality spurs employee proactivity. We conducted multilevel analyses with a three-wave time-lagged survey of 179 employees and their 55 direct leaders in China to test our proposed model. The findings indicate that workplace event criticality is conducive to stimulating proactive work behavior through improving employee engagement. Further, employee mindfulness amplifies the positive relationship between workplace event criticality and work engagement. Despite the increasingly unavoidable influence of events in the workplace on employee proactivity, empirical research around the relationship and its underlying mechanism has been rather sparse. Our event-oriented research advances this knowledge by unpacking the salient motivating role of workplace events’ criticality in employee work engagement and proactivity. It also increases our understanding by illustrating that employee mindfulness will amplify and intensify the motivational potential of workplace event criticality for work engagement.
COVI-Prim international: Similarities and discrepancies in the way general practices from seven different countries coped with the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Siebenhofer Andrea , Scott Anna Mae , Avian Alexander , Terebessy András , Mergenthal Karola , Schaffler-Schaden Dagmar , Bachler Herbert , Huter Sebastian , Zelko Erika , Murray Amanda , Guppy Michelle , Piccoliori Giuliano , Streit Sven , Jeitler Klaus , Flamm Maria
Published: December 2022

Objectives

General practitioners (GPs) are frequently patients' first point of contact with the healthcare system and play an important role in identifying, managing and monitoring cases. This study investigated the experiences of GPs from seven different countries in the early phases of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Design

International cross-sectional online survey.

Setting

General practitioners from Australia, Austria, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Slovenia and Switzerland.

Participants

Overall, 1,642 GPs completed the survey.

Main outcome measures

We focused on how well-prepared GPs were, their self-confidence and concerns, efforts to control the spread of the disease, patient contacts, information flow, testing procedures and protection of staff.

Results

GPs gave high ratings to their self-confidence (7.3, 95% CI 7.1–7.5) and their efforts to control the spread of the disease (7.2, 95% CI 7.0–7.3). A decrease in the number of patient contacts (5.7, 95% CI 5.4–5.9), the perception of risk (5.3 95% CI 4.9–5.6), the provision of information to GPs (4.9, 95% CI 4.6–5.2), their testing of suspected cases (3.7, 95% CI 3.4–3.9) and their preparedness to face a pandemic (mean: 3.5; 95% CI 3.2–3.7) were rated as moderate. GPs gave low ratings to their ability to protect staff (2.2 95% CI 1.9–2.4). Differences were identified in all dimensions except protection of staff, which was consistently low in all surveyed GPs and countries.

Conclusion

Although GPs in the different countries were confronted with the same pandemic, its impact on specific aspects differed. This partly reflected differences in health care systems and experience of recent pandemics. However, it also showed that the development of structured care plans in case of future infectious diseases requires the early involvement of primary care representatives.
The role of knowledge management and sharing in cooperatives practices toward National Economic Recovery in the COVID-19 pandemic era
Authors: Khasanah Nur , Sriyana Jaka , Prasetyo Andjar , Nurdinawati Vita , Hartopo Agustinus , Wahyudianto Heri , Gartika Dewi , Fahlevi Mochammad
Published: December 2022

The National Economic Recovery (NER) Program is one of the responses initiated by the government in Indonesia's economic recovery due to the impact of COVID-19, the target is to reduce the activities of affected communities, including cooperatives. One of the priority aspects for the program to run well and smoothly is the role of institutions in knowledge management and process sharing. This paper examines the role of knowledge management and sharing in cooperatives with qualitative limitations at the knowledge process level, knowledge design level, strategic interaction level, social participation level, academic and scientific ecosystem level, and network and partnership level. A qualitative description becomes a research method with secondary data in the form of a comparison of cooperatives in 2019–2021 as a representation before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. COVID-19 secondary data for 20 months from April 2020 to September 2022 in Indonesia dynamically also support sharpening the analysis. The source of cooperative data is from the publications of the Ministry of Cooperatives and SMEs, while the source of COVID-19 data comes from the publication of the COVID-19 Task Force. The analysis is carried out by building qualitative aspects into quantitative ones that can be formulated in the form of cooperative applications. The result is that the application of the knowledge process level, knowledge design level, strategic interaction level, social participation level, academic and scientific ecosystem level, and network and partnership level can improve decision-making, capture, share, and measure institutional knowledge for the success of the NER Program.
Open Science in Africa: What policymakers should consider
Authors: Chiware Elisha R. T. , Skelly Lara
Published: December 2022

As Open Science (OS) is being promoted as the best avenue to share and drive scientific discoveries at much lower costs and in transparent and credible ways, it is imperative that African governments and institutions take advantage of the momentum and build research infrastructures that are responsive to this movement. This paper aims to provide useful insight into the importance and implementation of OS policy frameworks. The paper uses a systematic review approach to review existing literature and analyse global OS policy development documents. The approach includes a review of existing OS policy frameworks that can guide similar work by African governments and institutions. This critical review also makes recommendations on key issues that Africa should consider in the process of OS policy development. These approaches can be widely used as further foundations for future developments in OS practices on the continent.