bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PHYTODIVERSITY OF THE TERRITORY OF THE CHERNIVTSI NATIONAL UNIVERSITY «SHEPIT» BIOBASE AS AN OBJECT OF STUDENTS’ COGNITIVE ACTIVITY
Authors: Тоkaryuk A , Litvinenko S , Volutsa O
Published: October 2024

The results of study of grassland habitats of the biobase «Shepit» of Yuriy Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University are presented. 123 species of vascular plants were found in the studied communities, of them, 58,54 % are pratants, 30,89 % are sylvants, and 10,57 % are synanthropants. 7 species from the Red Data Book of Ukraine (Perelik…, 2021) grow on the territory of the biobase, in particular, Botrychium lunaria (L.) Sw., Colchicum autumnale L., Gymnadenia conopsea (L.) R.Br., Listera ovata (L.) R.Br., Neotinea ustulata (L.) R.M. Bateman, Pridgeon et M.W. Chase, Platanthera bifolia (L.) Rich., Traunsteinera globosa (L.) Rchb. This proves the value of this territory as a cell of rare phytodiversity. Grassland habitats of the «Shepit» biobase on a small area well represent the meadows of the region, in particular hay meadows and pastures Arrhenatheretalia elatioris Tx. 1931 order, which belong to two unions: Arrhenatherion elatioris Luquet 1926 і and Cynosurion cristati Tx. 1947 and correspond to the habitats «Т2.3.1 Low and medium altitude hay meadows» and «Т2.2.1 Low and medium altitude pastures» (2018).
Bryoflora of the territory of the base is represented by 29 species from 23 genera, 17 families, 6 orders, 3 classes, 2 divisions. In the systematic spectrum, species of the Bryophyta are predominating. In relation to the type of substrate most bryophytes are epigeous. The identified species are typical as for the Bukovyna Carpathians bryoflora and other natural regions of Ukraine, so the ability to recognize them in nature will be useful to students in their further work.
It has been established that the territory of the «Shepit» biobase provides a number of ecosystem services classified into four types: Provisioning Services, Regulating Services, Supporting Services, and Cultural and Social Services. The study area is a model environment for learning methodological approaches to the study of phytodiversity, which promotes information about the flora and habitats of the Carpathians and their sozological value, emphasizes the importance of monitoring studies, and serves to form students’ ecological awareness. The methods mastered by students can be applied in their professional activities.

Key words: phytodiversity, vascular plants, bryophytes, grasslands, ecosystem services, «Shepit» biobase.
ANALYSIS OF LANDMINE DETECTION METHODS AND THE IMPORTANCE OF STUDYING SOIL PROPERTIES FOR THEIR EFFECTIVE APPLICATION
Authors: Poplavskyi V , Nikorych V , Hutsul T
Published: October 2024

The review attempts to analyze the problem of mine detection and outline the prospects for using soil properties that are useful in detecting explosive objects and creating new algorithms for processing relevant data. The article analyzes five main areas in which modern landmine detection technologies are divided. Their main advantages and disadvantages are identified. Using the example of metal detectors and ground-penetrating radar technology, the necessity of a detailed study of the main physical properties of soils is justified, which will enable more efficient use of appropriate technologies for detecting landmines.

Keywords: methods of mine detection, sensors, physical properties of soil, magnetic susceptibility of soil, electrical conductivity of soil, dielectric permittivity of soil, soil moisture
SPECIFICITY OF FORMATION OF GENETIC NATURE OF PROFILE-DIFFERENTIATED SOILS OF THE CARPATHIAN REGION AND DIAGNOSTICS OF ELEMENTARY SOIL PROCESSES
Authors: Smaga I
Published: October 2024

The problems of improving the genetic diagnostics of profile-differentiated soils of the Precarpathian region on the basis of elementary soil processes as one of the most important tasks of soil science are considered. The influence of elementary soil processes on the formation of the morphological picture of the soil profile and their diagnostic criteria based on changes in the mineral part of sod-podzolic (brownish-podzolic) and brownish-podzolic soils is substantiated.
It is shown that podzolisation and loessification createfavourable conditions for gley-eluviation and its fsrst phase- «bleaching», which lead to the lightening of eluvial horizons, possible destruction of the mineral part of the soil and are considered as concomitant. An assumption has been made about one of the mechanisms of formation of albeluvial leaks in the eluvial horizon of profile-differentiated soils of the Precarpathian region.
The concequences of the passage and the diagnostic criteria for the separation of ashing (acid hydrolesis) leaching and gley-eluviation are presented. The indicators of loss and accumulation of silt fraction in the soil profile are analysed sn terms of the concequences of profile formation and related soil formation processes. Most of the studied sections of profile-differentiated soils of the Precarpathian region of different nomenclature and classification have similar parameters of silt loss from the upper eluvial thickness and its accumulation in the illuvium.
The parameters of silt deficit in the profile and its illuvial accumulation indicate a similar intensity of the development of the profile-forming process of podzolisation in sod-podzolic (brownish-podzolic) and brownish-podzolic soils. The diagnosis ofa higher degree of podzolisation of profile-differentiated soils by the thickness of the eluvial and humus-eluvial horisons is not always consistent with the loss of silt from the eluvial layer compared to medium-podzolic soils.
The Impact of Modernization on Education in The Society 5.0 Era
Authors: Nisya Wirdatun , Firman Firman , Sidik Mohd. Suhadi Bin Mohamed
Published: October 2024

The Era of Society 5.0 brings impact to life man. Educational institutions expected tough in face obstacles and challenges as well as changes that arise in environment public Good in scope local, regional, national, or environment global society. Purpose of the article This For know impact modernization in education in the era of society 5.0 with use method study studies literature, with exists linkages between modernization and education of course also bring impact good and bad specifically for participant educate. Research result find exists impact positive and negative modernization to education. One of unique characteristics _ use technology artificial intelligence (AI). Welcoming the era of Society 5.0, it is necessary culture education that supports it impact positive with the more open and spread information like create method more learning_diverse. Negative impact happen change conflicting behavior, ethics, norms, rules, or morals of life with ethics, norms, rules and morals of life that exist in society.
Penanganan Perilaku Self-Harm Dalam Perspektif Islam
Authors: Ramadhani Novrima , Alamsyah Imaniar Risty , Al-Bahiyyah Maharanin Nisa’ , Sutrisno Zulfa Zakhrofa
Published: October 2024

Semua manusia tentunya memiliki sebuah keinginan untuk memenuhi gaya hidup yang tidak ada habisnya. Baik dewasa, tua, remaja dan anak anak, dalam pemenuhan gaya hidup yang tidak mulus akan menimbulkan banyak emosi yang tertampung dalam diri seseorang. Sulitnya menyalurkan emosi dapat menjadikan seseorang cenderung menyalurkan emosinya ke hal hal yang negatif, seperti self harm atau self injury yang dapat dikenal sebagai perilaku melukai diri sendiri. Penelitian ini mengkaji penanganan self-harm yang berfokus pada pendekatan agama Islam. tujuan dari kajian ini untuk memahami bagaimana pendekatan Islam terhadap orang yang melakukan perilaku melukai dirinya sendiri atau self Harm. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan studi pustaka, melalui jurnal, artikel ilmiah, data survei, buku, studi kasus dan sumber pendukung lain yg relevan. Hasilnya menggambarkan kerangka pandang Islam terhadap self-harm, menyajikan analisis kasus-kasus konkret, dan menyoroti prinsip-prinsip panduan Islam dalam menanggapi masalah ini. Kesimpulan penelitian menekankan bermanfaatnya integrasi nilai-nilai Islam dalam upaya penanganan self-harm untuk mendukung penanganan perilaku self harm untuk individu.
Analisis Studi dan Kewirausahaan Mahasiswa (Studi Kasus tentang Kegiatan di Luar Kuliah Mahasiswa Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris Semester II FKIP-UNWIR Indramayu Tahun 2024)
Authors: Nasir Nasir
Published: October 2024

Masa dewasa awal merupakan masa transisi dari masa remaja yang masih menjalani kehidupan yang hura-hura menuju masa yang menuntut akan rasa tanggung jawab. Perkembangan masa dewasa awal dimulai saat seseorang menginjak pada umur 19 tahun sampai 25 tahun. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mahasiswa semester II Program Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris FKIP Unwir tahun 2024 antara lain : 1. Sebagian besar mahasiswa melakukan kuliah sambil berbisnis atau bekerja (membantu orang tua berdagang dan sawah, jualan kuota, bekerja, dan mengajar les private english). Sebagian kecil melakukan kuliah sambil mengikuti kegiatan UKM kampus, pramuka, teater, paduan suara kampus, dan ESA;  2. Sebagian besar mahasiswa merespon bahwa kegiatan kuliah sambil berbisnis adalah dianggap sangat penting  dengan alasan membantu orang tua sebagai suatu kewajiban, menambah uang jajan, sumber nafkah, mengganti peran orang tua, dengan bekerja bisa kuliah, dan ladang pahala. Sebagian kecil menganggap penting kuliah sambil mengikuti kegiatan kampus untuk  menambah wawasan dan pengalaman, mengisi waktu luang, menambah relasi atau teman, mengembangkan rasa penasaran dan minat, dan menumbuhkan sikap kepemimpinan; 3. Secara umum, mahasiswa tidak banyak mengalami kesulitan dalam memenej waktu kuliah sambil bisnis, dengan alasan  mereka mampu membuat jadwal, memprioritaskan tugas, dan menetapkan tujuan yang jelas, menyelesaikan tugas yang paling penting, memprioritaskan kuliah, memprioritaskan kerja, dan mendisiplinkan diri; dan 4. Secara umum, walaupun mereka mampu memenej kuliah sambil bisnis atau kerja, namun masih tetap menemukan kesulitan jika dihadapkan pada skala prioritas jika bentrok waktu, kelelahan mental dan fisik, tugas yang tertunda, rasa malas datang, jarak antara rumah dan kampus,  saat kegiatan kampus di hari weekend, dan bentrok dengan jadual pekerjaan. Kesimpulan, secara umum mahasiswa menganggap sangat penting kuliah sambil bisnis atau bekerja karena sebagai sumber nafkah dan dengan bisnis atau bekerja bisa kuliah.
Peningkatan Percaya Diri Korban Kekerasan Seksual Menggunakan Layanan Konseling Kelompok Melalui Pendekatan Person Centered
Authors: Wulandari Rike , Karneli Yeni , Netrawati Netrawati
Published: October 2024

Layanan Konseling kelompok merupakan salah satu layanan konseling yang bermanfaat dan strategis dalam membantu anak-anak yang menghadapi masalah pribadi dengan menggunakan kontribusi pemikiran kelompok untuk mengatasi masalah pribadi. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui layanan konseling kelompok dengan pendekatan Person-Centered dalam peningkatan kepercayaan diri pada anak korban kekerasan. Konseling kelompok dengan pendekatan Person-Centered dapat meningkatkan rasa kepercayaan diri anak korban kekerasan dalam berinteraksi sosial. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan layanan konseling kelompok terhadap anak sehingga diharapkan konselor melakukan penanganan bersifat segera jika menemukan klien yang menjadi korban kekerasan agar aktivitas serta interaksi sosial para korban kekerasan seksual tidak terganggu. Salah satu cara yang dapat digunakan adalah konseling kelompok dengan pendekatan Person-Centered.
AI-Generated Hallmarks of Aging and Cancer: A Computational Approach Using Causal Emergence and Dependency Networks
Authors: Xiong Jianghui
Published: October 2024

This study introduces “hallmarks engineering,” a computational approach to generate quantifiable hallmarks of aging and cancer. We evaluated these hallmarks using genome-wide DNA methylation data from ten age-related diseases. Causal emergence analysis revealed that hallmark-level features show stronger disease associations than individual genes, with improvements up to 9.7 orders of magnitude. Hallmark-based models achieved comparable predictive performance with fewer predictors compared to regular pathway-based models. Dependency network analysis uncovered regulatory networks with power-law distributions and identified top-level “super-regulators” such as genomic stability. Notably, the inclusion of neurodegenerative and cancer hallmarks enhanced representation for their respective disease categories. Our findings suggest that top-down modeling using computationally generated hallmarks may reveal common mechanisms across multiple diseases, offering a promising approach for modeling multimorbidity.
The Soviet Reassessment of the 1968 Decision and the Making of the „Gentle Revolution“ of 1989
Authors: Valenta Jiří
Published: October 2024

By 1989 the Soviets realized that the invasion of Czechoslovakia in 1968 had been a very costly undertaking in terms of the Soviet’s broad national interests. ln retrospect, the Soviets appear to believe that a political solution would have been preferable. The re-evaluation and then condemnation of the decision to invade Czechoslovakia was part of .a larger, quite comprehensive reexamination of the Soviet policy during the Cold War, carried out within the framework of new political thinking. As they moved forward with their critical analyses, Gorbachev and his colleagues realized, and admitted so publicity, that the Soviet reform process (broadly referred to as perestroika), had much in common with some of the reforms of the Prague Spring of 1968. This conclusion arrived against the back drop of revolution and democratization in Eastern Europe, and constituted a de facto rehabilitation of Alexander Dubček's ill- fated experiment. Although Gorbachev's leadership bas not encouraged a thorough reassessment of the 1968 invasion, as it did the invasion of Afghanistan, the Soviet policies toward Czechoslovakia and Eastern Europe have nonetheless reflected profound changes in Soviet thinking, which have in turn favored sweeping political changes in the region. Facing potentially explosive conditions in Czechoslovakia and in East Germany and the possibility that harsh dealings with them could harm U .S. - Soviet relations, Gorbachev chose to turn his back on Leninist orthodoxy and allowed the beginnings of democratization to take place in these countries. This reflected a new Russian image of national security. Though still evolving, this concept does not include the old requirement that there be Leninist regiments at the Soviet periphery. The fact that the Soviets did not intervene to protect the Leninist regimes threntened and then toppled in the series of revolutions in Eastern Europe in 1989 is a testimony to the enormously changed Soviet ideology on security.
COMECON and its Market: Collapse of a Conception
Authors: Chvojka Petr
Published: October 2024

The introductory part of the article engages in the character of COMECON, as an organization whose origin and function was conditioned not only by proper economic aspects but also (and de facto especially) by political, military, strategical and power ones. Stalin's centralistic conception of economy control influenced even systemic and functional characteristics of the COMECON countries cooperation; the basic starting position can be expressed as a "mutual non-homogeneity" of their economies. It was connected with a non-function of their international market, with the absence of their own price systems and a generally accepted monetary equivalent, etc. (one can hardly differentiate the cause from the consequence). The part named "Market of the COMECON countries: slogan vs. reality" evaluates the efforts to overcome the problems by establishing a "common" or "single" market for the COMECON countries. It shows systematic as well material imperfections and follows the shift of opinions that was determined by developments of individual member countries. Another part, ,Reality of the realization", confronts the solution with adequate impacts on the mutual relations of the COMECON countries. As special attention has been paid to the USSR-Czechoslovakia relation; a ,,redistribution of advantages". A fundamental determinant of further development consists of the USSR political and economic collapses and the aim of its prior satellites to enter the Western European Community. It means an uncontrolled internal as well external changes for the mutual relations of. these countries which are still solving their existing "non-homogeneity". However, it comes at a time of considerable disruption of their economies and their mutual relations.
Perspectives of Hungary Attachment to European Economic Integration
Authors: Holub Petr
Published: October 2024

Presently, Hungary is finished with the first stage of adaptation of its political and economic systems to the needs of Western European countries, with the most important change being its involvement with the EC. In the sphere of international relations, it reflects the acceptance of Hungary in to the Council of Europe as well as into negotiations on association agreements. The attachment of the country to these processes is conditioned by a number of international political and economic circumstances. At present, economic advances are taking place in Hungary, which should give it a more hopeful economic future. Hungary has comparative advantages over Czechoslovakia and Poland due to a more stable economic and intrapolitical developments. The prepared association agreement will not remove the danger that Hungary, together with other Central European counties, will remain on the periphery of the multispeed continental integration process.
Avengers, Disassemble!
Authors: Winkler Yifat
Published: October 2024

Popular culture both reflects and shapes the audiences’ beliefs. Content Analysis of blockbusting movies can teach us about public attitudes. This study examined underlying themes pertaining to personality types, as they are reflected in movies produced by the largest franchise in history, Marvel Cinematic Universe. Twenty-seven Marvel characters were assessed for their personality traits and received a rating for each of the big five personality aspects. To test which personality type was endorsed by the Marvel narratives, each character’s success was measured by examining the outcomes for that character. Successful outcomes were defined by levels of goal achievement in two categories, somatic goals and reproductive goals. The hypothesis was that being a commercial art-product of Western culture, Marvel storylines will follow neoliberal ideas, and award success to characters that align with the entrepreneurial personality type. That is, characters that exhibit high levels of openness, stability, extraversion, and conscientiousness, but not high levels of agreeableness. Results showed that the strongest predictor for success was openness to experience. It was followed by a second predictor, emotional stability. No correlation was found between extraversion or conscientiousness and success. Agreeableness was found to be moderately correlated to somatic success. The hypothesis was partially supported, indicating there might be some influence of neoliberal values on the Marvel character depiction.
TRIP13 is Critical for the Survival of B-cell Lymphomas and Myeloid Leukemias In Vitro
Authors: Pozas Gene , Tobon Julian , Abdelghany Reem , Fingeret Jacob , Noel Emma , Ramachandran Vedant , Badar Arshee , Opavska Jana , Opavsky Rene
Published: October 2024

Hematologic malignancies represent a diverse group of blood tumors accounting for approximately 10% of all cancer cases in the US. Based on the site of manifestation, presumed cell of origin, genetic abnormalities, and clinical features, we recognize more than 100 clinically important subtypes of hematologic malignancies broadly categorized into three main groups: leukemia, lymphoma, and multiple myeloma. While the prognosis for patients with specific subtypes of hematologic malignancies, such as Hodgkin lymphomas or chronic lymphocytic leukemia has significantly improved over the last several years, other subtypes such as acute myeloid leukemia or non-Hodgkin lymphomas still present with significant treatment challenges. A better understanding of molecular drivers of tumor maintenance is needed to improve existing therapies. Thyroid hormone receptor interactor 13 (TRIP13) is an AAA + ATPase that plays an important yet poorly understood role in the regulation of the mammalian cell cycle. The TRIP13 gene is highly expressed in various human tumors including colorectal carcinoma and glioblastoma, and it seems to promote tumorigenesis. Recently, we identified TRIP13 as a gene overexpressed in Peripheral T-cell lymphomas where it plays a critical role in tumor maintenance by regulating the G2-M phase of the cell cycle. However, the biological activities of TRIP13 in non-T cell hematologic malignancies have not been investigated to date. Here we used shRNA-mediated knockdown and a small molecule inhibitor to downregulate TRIP13 in B-cell lymphoid and myeloid lineages. We found genetic downregulation inhibited the proliferation of both B-cell lymphomas and acute myeloid leukemia cell lines in vitro. The pharmacologic inhibition of TRIP13 effectively induced the G0/G1 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of B-cell lymphomas. Altogether these data demonstrate that TRIP13 is critical for the maintenance of hematologic malignancies of B-cell and myeloid malignancies in vitro. Thus, TRIP13 might be a good target in the treatment of various types of hematologic malignancies.
Morphological and Nutritional Analysis of White Shrimp, Litopenaeus setiferus, Muscle
Authors: Ames Ryan , Chuah Sharon Xin Ying , Farzad Razieh
Published: October 2024

In response to the growing seafood demand and the environmental impact of traditional aquaculture and fishing methods, this study explored the potential of cellular agriculture for sustainable seafood production. Focusing on shrimp, the most consumed seafood in the United States, our project aimed to establish a comprehensive database of the morphological and physicochemical properties of shrimp muscle. This database is intended to support the development of cell-based seafood by providing a benchmark for texture, color, and nutritional content. To do so, thirty large white shrimp (Litopenaeus setiferus) were analyzed through texture analysis, colorimetry, Hematoxylin and Eosin staining, and proximate analysis. The findings indicated consistent texture profile analysis parameters across the shrimp's surface and cross-section, while colorimetry values showed significant differences. H&E staining revealed similar cellular patterns, affirming the uniformity of shrimp texture. The proximate analysis offers a nutritional target for developing shrimp analogs. The study concludes that while shrimp texture is consistent, addressing color variation is crucial for the development of cell-based shrimp analogs. Future research should include characteristics of cooked shrimp and other seafood products to expand the database for cellular agriculture applications.
Kafka and Learning
Authors: Martirosyan Edgar
Published: October 2024

“A Report to an Academy” is a short story by Franz Kafka that presents a first-hand narration of an ape’s humanization through learning to speak and behave as an average early 20th century European. Red Peter, who receives his name after a bald red scar he got on his cheek during a hunting expedition, tells the academy how he learned to leave his apehood behind for a way out of captivity. He then confronts the reader with overt examples of ways in which notions of identity appear and are altered in education and growth. Critical of the colonial context that gives Red Peter his new identity of the oppressed and upon which most current Western education systems are built, this research project aims to identify the challenges that a close and informed reading of “A Report to an Academy” brings into the conventional understandings of identity, thus enabling a fight against the impact of colonialism for all who learn, apes or otherwise.
Emergence of Artificial Intelligence on Projected U.S. Employment
Authors: Avaradi Greeshma
Published: October 2024

The recent breakthroughs in artificial intelligence (AI) and its rapid integration into various aspects of life have become a focal point of concern, especially in regards to potential consequences on the workforce. Since AI has seen the most transformation post-2020, this study aims to analyze the role of AI exposure within an occupation on projected 10-year changes in employment using the most recent available data from 2022 (pulled from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics). Through forward selection in ordinary least squares method, after controlling for task offshorability, education, work experience, and on-the-job training, it was found that a 1 standard deviation increase in AI exposure index is associated with a projected decrease of 1.043 percentage points in jobs on average within an occupation. This finding supports the growing concern of AI-driven job displacement and/or unemployment, which could heighten the burden on the government to fund welfare programs and potentially lead to recession. This paper further highlights the need for policy discussions on fostering a more balanced integration of AI into the workforce, possibly through specialized education and retraining programs.
How Motivations Inform the Experiences of French and American Child Welfare Employees in a Fractured Foster Care System
Authors: Barger Maeve
Published: October 2024

Both the French and American child welfare systems struggle with employee turnover. To address this issue, more research is needed on child welfare employees’ motivations to start and continue working in the child welfare system, as well as the factors that cause them to leave the field. This qualitative study examined the following research question: What are the differences and/or similarities between child welfare employee motivations in France and the United States? The research design analyzed twelve American child welfare employee interviews through thematic and open qualitative coding methods and twelve French videos about child welfare employees’ career motivations and experiences, through a content analysis. The findings for this study are that French and American child welfare employees express similar motivations for beginning and continuing to work in the child welfare system, such as building relationships with children and families. However, their inhibitors to motivation vary, based on the cultural and structural contexts of their respective child welfare systems. Understanding child welfare employees’ motivations in both countries will offer human resource policy implications to guide employers in retaining and supporting high-quality employees.
Influences of Attachment on Perceptions and Reactions to Partner Drinking
Authors: Dick Sydney
Published: October 2024

This study explored the relationship between alcohol consumption within romantic relationships and the perception of a partner’s drinking problem, considering attachment. Attachment theory identifies three primary attachment styles: secure, anxious, and avoidant. It was hypothesized that the number of times a partner got drunk in the last year would be positively associated with the person’s perception of a drinking problem and that these perceptions and reactions would vary according to the individual's attachment orientation. Specifically, it was anticipated that those who are more anxiously attached would be more sensitive to their partner's drinking behaviors, perceiving them more negatively and engaging in more punitive actions, whereas avoidantly attached individuals would minimize the significance of their partner's drinking issues. 754 participants were surveyed via Qualtrics to assess frequency of partner drinking, concern about partner drinking, punishment for partner drinking, reward for partner sobriety, and attachment levels. Results showed that frequency of a partner’s drinking was related to concern about partner drinking, and that association was stronger for those with more anxious and avoidant orientations. Additionally, partner drinking was associated with more punishment behaviors for those with higher levels of anxious attachment, as well as those with higher levels of avoidant attachment. However, partner drinking was not related to reward for non-drinking based on attachment. Lastly, the perception of a partner’s drinking mediated the relationship between perceived partner drinking and punishment, with the indirect effect being stronger for higher levels of insecure attachment. Building upon these findings, future research should explore interventions tailored to different attachment orientations to better address the negative impacts of alcohol consumption within romantic relationships.
Optimization of Pancreatic Cell Subset Classification in Images from Multiplex Immunofluorescence Imaging Platforms
Authors: Coleman Jared
Published: October 2024

Understanding the natural history of type 1 diabetes (T1D) has been hampered by limited access to the target organ (i.e., the pancreas) in living people. To make the most of these precious tissues, cyclic imaging platforms such as Miltenyi MACSima, which increase the number of markers that can be examined per section, are becoming increasingly popular. Such advances in spatial biology require reproducible cell classification algorithms. Random Tree (RT) algorithm was previously found to be the most reliable approach for differentiating exocrine versus endocrine pancreas compartments, yet an unmet need exists for an approach that can provide accurate cell type classification within the endocrine compartment. It was hypothesized that a core set of markers could be used to maximize classification accuracy. To this end, pancreatic sections were stained with fluorescent antibodies against various markers and images were captured using the MACSima platform. RT algorithm was trained in QuPath to classify endocrine, exocrine, and vascular cell clusters in n=3 pancreas donors across a total of n=10 ROIs. Classification accuracy will be determined by comparison to ground-truth labels annotated by an expert in the field. Markers that maximize classification accuracy will be included on future pancreas runs to standardize and streamline downstream analyses.
Yapay Zekâ’nın Yaratıcılığı Üzerine Bir Tartışma
Authors: Dilmaç Sehran
Published: October 2024

Yapay Zeka (AI), insan zekasını taklit eden doğası nedeniyle son on yılda en büyüleyici ve tartışılan teknolojidir. Yapay zeka, basitçe insan benzeri duyuya (algılamaya), analize veya anlamaya ve yanıt vermeye sahip makineler inşa etme çalışması anlamına gelmektedir. Yapay zeka sistemleri, aldığı komutlarla belirli bir tür işi yapma kapasitesine sahiptir. Yapay zekanın yolculuğu 1950'li yıllarda başlamış olsa da, üç nedenden dolayı son yıllarda popüler hale gelmiş ve kullanılmaya başlanmıştır. Birincisi, büyük verinin mevcudiyeti; e-ticaret, sosyal ağlar ve işletmeler tarafından üretilen devasa miktarda veri, ikincisi makine öğrenimi algoritmalarının geliştirilmesi ve daha güvenilir olması, üçüncüsü ise bulut ve yüksek performanslı bilgisayar sistemlerinin ucuzlamasıdır. Yapay zeka her yeni günde bir çok alanda işlevsel bir halde kullanılmaktadır. Müzik çalmaktan satranç oynamaya, resim yapmaktan sürücüsüz arabalara, teoremleri kanıtlamaktan şiir yazmaya kadar genelden özele kadar çok çeşitli ürünler geliştirmek için kullanılmaya başlanmıştır. Ayrıca yapay zeka, otomobil, ulaşım, lojistik, sağlık, hisse senedi ticareti, robotik, finans, eğitim gibi alanlarda yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Bu araştırmada henüz insan bilincine ve yaratıcı düşünceye sahip olamayan yapay zekanın plastik sanatlarda gelecekte bir sanatçı mı olacağı? yoksa sanatçı için sadece bir araç olarak mı kalacağı irdelenmeye çalışılmıştır. Ayrıca yapay zekanın makine öğrenimi ve derin öğrenmeyle ilişkisinin tanımlanması yapılarak, yapay zekanın yaratıcılık boyutunun ele alınmasının yanı sıra günümüz sanat dünyasındaki avantajlarına ve zorluklarına ilişkin örnekler üzerinden bir değerlendirme yapılması amaçlanmıştır.
Advanced Encryption Techniques for Database Security in Cloud Environments
Authors: Sachin Gupta
Published: October 2024

This technical article explores advanced encryption techniques for enhancing database security in cloud environments, addressing the growing need for robust data protection as organizations increasingly migrate to cloud-based solutions. The article covers encryption standards such as AES-256, RSA, and Elliptic Curve Cryptography, as well as key management approaches using Hardware Security Modules (HSMs) and Key Management Services (KMS). It also delves into cutting-edge concepts like homomorphic encryption and quantum-resistant algorithms. The discussion encompasses performance optimization strategies and regulatory compliance considerations, providing a comprehensive overview of the current state and future trends in cloud database security.
The Distinction Between Search and Discovery Systems : A Scholarly Analysis
Authors: Mohini Thakkar
Published: October 2024

This comprehensive analysis explores the fundamental distinctions between search and discovery systems in the context of information retrieval and user interaction. The article examines the underlying principles, methodologies, and user experiences associated with each system, elucidating their unique roles in the modern digital landscape. By comparing key aspects such as user intent, interaction models, algorithmic foundations, and evaluation metrics, the article highlights the complementary strengths of these paradigms. The research also investigates emerging hybrid approaches that combine elements of both search and discovery, addressing evolving user expectations and the challenges of information overload. Through this in-depth exploration, the article contributes to the ongoing discourse on the future of information access and informs the development of more effective, user-centric systems capable of meeting diverse information needs in an increasingly complex digital ecosystem.
Selenium nanoparticles stabilized with chitosan for fortifying dairy products
Authors: Blinov A. V. , Gvozdenko A. A. , Blinova A. A. , Rekhman Z. A. , Nagdalian A. A. , Leontiev P. S. , Askerova A. S. , Rebezov M. B.
Published: October 2024

Relevance. One solution to the problem of selenium deficiency is the enrichment of socially important food products, in particular dairy products, with bioavailable forms of selenium. Such forms include selenium nanoparticles. The aim of the work is to develop a dairy product enriched with selenium nanoparticles stabilized with chitosan.

Methods. According to dynamic light scattering spectroscopy, a sample of selenium nanoparticles stabilized with chitosan has a monomodal size distribution with an average hydrodynamic particle radius of 25 nm.

Results. Quantum chemical modeling of selenium nanoparticles stabilized by chitosan has revealed that the most energetically favorable interaction is the interaction of the surface of selenium nanoparticles with the hydroxo group attached to the C3 glucosamine residue of chitosan. A study was conducted of the influence of technological parameters on the stability of selenium nanoparticles stabilized with chitosan. It was found that increasing the exposure time leads to an increase in the average hydrodynamic radius of selenium nanoparticles stabilized by chitosan. In the case of pH, an inverse relationship is observed: particles with the largest average hydrodynamic radius are found in samples with an acidic environment (pH ˂ 5). As part of a study of the influence of technological parameters on the stability of selenium nanoparticles stabilized by chitosan, it was found that selenium nanoparticles stabilized by chitosan can be used as a source of selenium for food products that have a neutral pH, but can be subjected to heat treatment at temperatures above 70 °C in for 5–15 minutes, in particular pasteurized milk. A study of pasteurized milk fortified with selenium nanoparticles stabilized by chitosan showed that there were no significant changes in titratable acidity, surface tension and pH of milk, as well as the average hydrodynamic radius of casein micelles after milk fortification. The value of antioxidant activity increases by 0.88% — from 6.50 to 7.38%.
Efficiency of oocytes retrieval during a repeated series of transvaginal ultrasound-guided puncture of follicles in Simmental heifers
Authors: Chinarov R. Yu. , Lukanina V. A. , Singina G. N. , Shedova E. N.
Published: October 2024

The article presents data on the efficiency of a repeated series of transvaginal ultrasound-guided recovery of oocytes (OPU) in donor heifers of the Simmental breed. Two series were performed — five OPU sessions with an intensity of once a week and a two-week rest period between series. During the repeated series of OPUS, 1.7 fewer follicles were visualized in donor heifers on average per session compared to the value of this indicator established in the first series (7.0 versus 5.3 follicles, p < 0.05). A decrease in the number of ultrasound-visible follicles during repeated series at the trend level was noted in all five OPU sessions. During the repeat series, 0.4 fewer oocyte-cumulus complexes (OCCs) were obtained from one donor on average per session (3.1 versus 2.7 OCCs). There were no differences in the quality of OCCs between the two OPU series: the proportion of OCCs suitable for further use was 67.0% and 63.5%, respectively, while in individual OPU sessions the differences between the series were multidirectional. Fertilization of oocytes and further in vitro cultivation showed a significantly higher degree of the first division — crushing during the 1st series of OPU (p < 0.05), however, these differences were leveled with further cultivation: the yield of blastocysts was, respectively, 23.6% and 21.7%. Considering the absence of significant differences in the quantitative characteristics of the obtained oocytes, as well as their developmental competencies in vitro, conducting a repeat series of OPU after a two-week rest period may be recommended for obtaining oocytes in donor heifers of the Simmental breed.
The impact of technologies for the development and use of virgin, fallow lands on agroecological stability and soil fertility
Authors: Chebochakov E. Ya. , Ivanov O. A. , Kapsargin A. I. , Murtaev V. N.
Published: October 2024

Relevance. The research was carried out in order to analyze the impact of technologies for the development of virgin and fallow lands on erosion processes in the steppe zone in the 60s and modern conditions.

Methods. The analysis of approaches to the prevention of soil degradation and desertification of the territory is carried out based on materials obtained in the steppe zone of the Republic of Khakassia in the second half of the XX century and in modern conditions. We used the results of the application of technologies for the development of virgin and fallow lands of Tselinnoye LLC in different periods. Information about dust storms was taken from data from the Bey and Shire weather stations. In 1954–1960 when plowing the chernozem of the southern virgin lands, technology was used using plows, huskers and other tillage tools. The lack of adapted ways of developing and using new lands has led to an outbreak of wind erosion of soils over large areas, including in the south-east of the country.

Results. The dump system of soil treatment during the mass development of virgin and fallow lands in the 60s, without taking into account soil, climatic and other conditions, led to a strong development of wind erosion. The number of days with dust storms in Khakassia reached up to 4.8–11.6 per year. In modern conditions, the removal of highly ventilated soils from arable lands and the use of strip placement of crops and minimal tillage on the rest of the arable land contribute to increasing the erosion resistance of agricultural landscapes. The use of the Tornado 500 herbicide in August during the development of the deposit reduces the erodibility by 2.5 times, compared with the technology with its introduction in early summer.
Síndrome de encefalopatía posterior reversible (PRES) y anemia hemolítica: dos complicaciones graves e inhabituales de glomerulonefritis aguda post estreptocócica
Authors: Tomarelli R. Gianfranco , Arriagada S. Daniela , Donoso F. Alejandro
Published: October 2024

La causa más frecuente de síndrome nefrítico en la población pediátrica es la glomerulonefritis aguda post-estreptocócica (GNAPE). Una complicación infrecuente es el síndrome de encefalopatía posterior reversible (posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome, PRES), caracterizado por edema cerebral vasogénico subcortical y sintomatología neurológica variable. El desarrollo de anemia hemolítica autoinmune, es una presentación clínica atípica. Objetivo: Reportar la coexistencia de dos complicaciones extrarrenales inhabituales y graves de la GNAPE y discutir potenciales mecanismos involucrados en el desarrollo de estas.Caso Clínico: Paciente masculino de 4 años, con historia de 5 días de hematuria y edema, agregándose cefalea, náuseas y vómitos, ingresó en estatus convulsivo y crisis hipertensiva. Laboratorio mostró hipocomplementemia C3 y títulos elevados de Antiestreptolisina O, lo que se interpretó como GNAPE. Evolucionó con encefalopatía por lo que se sospechó PRES secundario a emergencia hipertensiva, lo que finalmente se confirmó mediante resonancia magnética de cerebro. Cursó además con anemia hemolítica autoinmune, con hemoglobina hasta 5 g/dL. Su tratamiento se basó en terapia antihipertensiva, medidas de neuro protección y tratamiento esteroidal. Egresó a los 31 días de hospitalización, asintomático a los 6 meses post alta. Conclusiones: Se debe tener un alto índice de sospecha de PRES ante la aparición de sintomatología neurológica inespecífica en el curso de la evolución de una GNAPE. La anemia existente en ocasiones puede ser de carácter autoinmune.
Factores asociados a la lactancia al mes de alta en prematuros de muy bajo peso hospitalizados al nacer
Authors: Concha Joselyn , Osorio-Spuler Ximena , Barría R. Mauricio
Published: October 2024

Existe evidencia de los beneficios que la lactancia materna (LM) provee tanto a recién nacidos de término como prematuros que están hospitalizados. En estos últimos, mantener la lactancia durante y luego de la hospitalización es difícil.Objetivo: Determinar los factores asociados al abandono de la LM en prematuros un mes post alta de un servicio de neonatología.Pacientes y Método: Cohorte histórica de 218 recién nacidos pertenecientes al Programa de Seguimiento del Recién Nacido de Muy Bajo Peso de Nacimiento del Hospital Base Valdivia, hospitalizados en el periodo enero 2016 - junio 2022 y que mantenían LM al alta. Desde registros disponibles se extrajeron datos biodemográficos y clínicos y se evaluó su relación con el abandono de la lactancia un mes post alta.Resultados: Un mes post alta 35,8% de los niños abandonó la LM (N = 78). En el análisis bivariado destacó una edad gestacional mediana y peso de nacimiento medio significativamente menor en quienes abandonaron la LM. Neonatos de madres casadas, con menor estancia hospitalaria mediana y sin requerimiento de ventilación mecánica invasiva presentaron menor proporción de abandono de LM. En el análisis ajustado, el nivel educativo de educación superior materna se asoció significativamente a menor probabilidad de abandono de la LM (OR ajustado: 0,3; IC95% 0,11 - 0,85)Conclusiones: Al mes post alta más de un tercio de los niños abandonó la lactancia y se asoció significativamente al nivel educativo materno. Intervenciones de acompañamiento y educación durante la hospitalización deben considerar el nivel educacional de las madres.
Ingesta de micronutrientes en pacientes con epilepsia refractaria tratados con dieta cetogénica
Authors: Velandia Silvia , Astudillo Patricio , Acevedo Keryma , Le Roy Catalina
Published: October 2024

La Dieta Cetogénica (DC) es una estrategia no farmacológica para el manejo de Epilepsia Fármaco-resistente (EFR) y algunos errores congénitos del metabolismo como el déficit del transportador de glucosa Glut1. Se caracteriza por ser restrictiva, afectando el aporte de micronutrientes. Existen diferentes modalidades variando la ingesta alimentaria y deficiencias nutricionales. Objetivo: Determinar el aporte de micronutrientes en distintas modalidades de DC. Pacientes y Método: Estudio observacional, transversal en pacientes con EFR y déficit del transportador de glucosa Glut1. Se evaluó la ingesta alimentaria de 21 micronutrientes, con análisis según modalidad de DC (Clásica o Modificada de Atkins (DMA)), uso de fórmula especial y adecuación de consumo de la ingesta diaria recomendada (IDR) según edad y sexo, definiendo <75% como deficiente. Resultados: Se evaluaron 19 pacientes, mediana de edad 62 meses (RIC: 20.5-79), 12/19 (63,2%) sexo masculino, 13/19 (68,4%) eutróficos, 5/19 (26,3%) usuarios de gastrostomía, modalidad DMA 10 (52,6%), uso de fórmula especial 7/19 (36,8%). Se encontraron micronutrientes deficientes 16/21 (76,2%) en dieta clásica y 9/16 (42,9%) en DMA. El aporte de vitamina D, B2, B12, sodio, fósforo, zinc y selenio fue significativamente más bajo en dieta clásica que DMA, las medianas de adecuación de consumo de vitaminas A, C, D, E y K fueron >100%. El uso de fórmula especial completó los requerimientos en DMA. Conclusiones: El aporte de micronutrientes en las diferentes modalidades de la DC es reducido para la mayoría de ellos, siendo la DMA con fórmula aquella con un aporte más adecuado en micronutrientes. Estos resultados deben considerarse en el seguimiento nutricional y planificación de suplementación.
Switch después del Switch. Reentrenamiento como alternativa ante trasplante cardiaco
Authors: Castro Javier , Mendoza Sara , Acevedo Melina , Florez Claudia
Published: October 2024

La transposición de grandes vasos (Dextro-TGA), reparada con técnicas de corrección fisiológica (switch atrial o cirugías de Mustard o Senning), puede presentar como complicación la falla del ventrículo derecho que funge como sistémico, y al mismo tiempo desacondicionamiento del ventrículo izquierdo, llevando a la insuficiencia cardiaca. En estos pacientes las opciones de tratamiento y recuperación son muy limitadas.Objetivo: Describir la corrección anatómica tardía exitosa después de reentrenamiento ventricular.Caso Clínico: Paciente con diagnóstico de Dextro-TGA, con múltiples complicaciones perinatales, operado con cirugía de Mustard a los 7 meses, quien evolucionó con falla cardiaca refractaria en el postoperatorio. Ante la opción de trasplante cardiaco, se decidió cerclaje pulmonar a los 11 meses de edad como medida de estabilización, que posteriormente permitió reentrenar el ventrículo izquierdo y llevar a la corrección anatómica con desmonte del Mustard y switch de grandes arterias exitoso a los 6 años. Tres años después, mantiene buena calidad de vida y clase funcional II. Conclusiones: En casos seleccionados como el descrito, el reentrenamiento ventricular puede ser una opción válida para los pacientes con dextro-TGA, en quienes previamente se realizó una corrección fisiológica y que evolucionaron con disfunción ventricular derecha (sistémica).