bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ASSESSMENT OF THE EFFICIENCY OF BUSINESS PROCESSES IN THE SPHERE OF AIR TRANSPORTATION
Authors:   Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia, Kravtsov Sergey V.
Published: February 2022

The article proves the need for regular assessment of the effectiveness of business processes in the field of air transportation in order to correct them in a timely manner. The author proposes an economic and statistical model of multiple regression based on the distribution function of the profitability of key business units that create the bulk of value added in the field of air transportation, and allows to evaluate the effectiveness of their main business processes through correlation and regression analysis. At the same time, a linear relationship has been established between the profitability of business units (airports, airlines, handling companies, air navigation services) and the volume of operations carried out by them (volume of passenger traffic, fleet load intensity, tariffs for airport services and the intensity of service of route lines), and also substantiated the need to adjust the result obtained, taking into account the qualitative parameter of seasonality, which made it possible to rank the key quantitative factors that affect the profitability of business units in the field of air transportation according to the degree of influence.
DIGITALIZATION STRATEGY OF THE METROPOLIS TRANSPORT COMPLEX
Authors:   St. Petersburg National Research University of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics, St. Petersburg, Russia, Rozov Aleksandr A. , Sazhneva Lyubov P. ,   St. Petersburg National Research University of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics, St. Petersburg, Russia
Published: February 2022

The article analyzes the implementation of the strategy of digital development of the transport and logistics complex of the metropolis. Using the example of the implementation of the strategy of digital transformation of economic sectors, social sphere and public administration of the development of St. Petersburg and Moscow, barriers to the digital transformation of transport are identified, and the most promising digital technologies and projects that can improve the efficiency of the city's transport complex are proposed.
¿La educación virtual incrementa el riesgo de hipoacusia por trauma acústico en los niños?”
Authors: Scharf de Sanabria Frida
Published: February 2022

Según la OMS, la discapacidad auditiva inducida por el ruido es el riesgo ocupacional irreversible más prevalente.

 

Nuestra sociedad tecnológica fomenta la propagación de dispositivos ruidosos y los niños están expuestos más que nunca a una gran cantidad de ruido electrónico, además de que es imposible escapar al sonido del medio ambiente por completo.

El ruido es un sonido no deseado, pero puede ser agradable para los niños. Ruido peligroso es el que se experimenta a más de 85 db en una jornada de 8 horas. La exposición continua a un ruido excesivo, afecta la calidad de vida. En USA, según las estadísticas, el 12.5% de niños tienen cambios en el umbral de audición uni o bilateral debido a la exposición al ruido permanente, o intermitente, siendo difícil de monitorearlos.  Los equipos electrónicos, pueden producir un efecto similar al que producen los parlantes de los conciertos de los cantantes de rock
Otvoreni pristup i autorsko pravo = Open Access and Copyright (Author’s Rights)
Authors: Bogdanović Dragana
Published: February 2022

Digitalne tehnologije omogućile su stvaranje arhiva elektroničkih radova. Tako su ovi naučni repozitoriji postali javno dostupni u režimu otvorenog pristupa. Open access uključuje slobodan i univerzalan pristup i korištenje informacijskog sadržaja baza podataka i drugih digitalnih resursa na internetu. Da bi se zaštitili interesi nositelja autorskih prava radova koji su u režimu otvorenog pristupa, morale su biti unesene mnoge inovacije u zakon o autorskim pravima. Najpoznatija licenca za otvoreni pristup je Licenca kreativne zajednice (Creative Commons Licence – CCL). Prva internacionalna deklaracija o otvorenom pristupu je Budimpeštanska deklaracija (inicijati-va) (Budapest Open Access Initiative, 2002). 2007. godine utvrđene su osnovne smjernice za primjenu otvore-nog pristupa u bibliotekama od strane IFLA (International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions), eIFL (electronic Information for Libraries) i LCA (Library Copyright Alliance koja obuhvata pet najvećih biblioteč-kih udruga u SAD). = Digital tehnologies allowed forming the archival repository of electronic issues. These scientific repositories became publicly available within the open access regime. Open access includes open and universal access and usage of the content data bases and the other internet digital resources. With the aim to protect the interests of the all entitled to the open access regime, many inovations connected with copyright law have had to beimplemented. The most famous open access licence is the Creative Commons Licence – CCL. Budapest Open Access Initiative is the first international declaration of the open access. In 2007, the implementation of fundamental principles of the open acces in the libraries were confirmed by IFLA (International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions), eIFL (electronic Information for Libraries) and LCA (Library Copyright Alliancewhich involved five greatest library associations in the USA
DIALIAL ANALYSIS OF THE COMBINATION CAPACITY OF RESISTANCE TO DISEASES AND PESTS OF THE SOURCE SELECTION CORN MATERIAL
Authors: Mazur Viktor , Kolisnyk Oleh , Yakovets Lyudmila
Published: January 2022

According to the first method of the first Griffing model, the system of crosses included, according to the evaluation presented in the previous sections, 8 self-pollinated lines of corn (F 502, UH 405, CM 5-1-1, MA 22, UHC 409, CO 255, KL 17, CO 108), which were characterized by different indicators of grain yield, resistance to pests and the length of the growing season. Total genotypic variability was divided into components that are due to general and specific combination ability, as well as reciprocal effects. In terms of resistance to damage by the corn borer, the best combination ability was found in lines F502, CM 5-1-1, UH 405 and UHC 409, which were marked by negative values of the effects of total combination ability.
According to our research, the UHC 409, СО 108, МА 22 and F 502 lines, which had negative values of the effects of hall combinatorial ability over the years of research, were noted for the best resistance in terms of combinatorial ability to be affected by vesicular smut. In terms of resistance to flying smut, self-pollinated lines with high negative values of the effects of hall combination ability - CM 5-1-1, CO 108, UHC 409, MA 22, F 502 and UH 405. As shown and evidenced by the results of comparing the obtained values of the effects of the total combination capacity of self-pollinated lines on resistance to pest damage and disease with the values of the effects of the total combination capacity on grain yield, it is advisable to note such self-pollinated lines as UH 405, F 502 and CM 5-1- 1. These lines combine the negative values of the effects of the hall combination ability on pest damage and disease with high positive effects of the hall combination ability.
DECOMPOSITION OF TWORATE MODELS OF CONTROLLABLE AND OBSERVABLE SYSTEMS
Authors:   Povolzhskiy State University of Telecommunications and Informatics, Semenova M.M.
Published: February 2022

A method of integral manifolds is applied to study of twotempo nonlinear systems. The use of this method permits us to solve a problem of decomposition of two-rate controllable and observable systems. Controllability, observability and stabilisability of these systems is investigated. The application of the method is illustrated on example.
EVALUATION OF THE RELIABILITY OF AN AUTOMATED FILTRATION DEVICE IN THE UPGRADED MICROPROCESSOR RELAY PROTECTION OF CONTACT NETWORK FEEDERS
Authors:   Zabaikal’sk Institute of Rail Transport - the branch of Irkutsk State Transport University, Vostrikov M.V. , Daneyv A.V. ,   Irkutsk State University of Railway Transport, Menaker K.V. ,   Zabaikal’sk Institute of Rail Transport - the branch of Irkutsk State Transport University, Sizykh V.N. ,   Irkutsk State University of Railway Transport
Published: February 2022

The article presents the results of scientific research in the field of assessing the reliability and safety of the patented automated device for filtering and isolating the first harmonic based on the PLL scheme integrated into a typical microprocessor system for relay protection of AC contact network feeders in order to meet the reliability and safety indicators during its operation. The operation of the device is based on pre-filtering the signal using a low-pass filter tuned to the cutoff frequency of the third harmonic, fixing zero timestamps, forming control pulses, rectification of the signal and subsequent inverting to obtain a pure output sinusoidal signal in frequency, phase and amplitude coinciding with the measured signal representing its first harmonic. To assess the reliability of the proposed filtering device and the allocation of the first harmonic, a model of the reliability of the device is compiled based on its basic electrical circuit. The values of the basic and operational failure rates of all elements included in the schematic diagram of the device are found, taking into account the correction coefficients of operation, acceptance, electrical load, etc. The probability of trouble-free operation of the entire device for the normalized period of operation of 20 years is determined, including, taking into account the most unfavorable case - the serial connection of all elements included in the calculated reliability model. The level of safety of operation of the device for filtering and allocating the first harmonic based on the PLL scheme is determined, options for increasing this indicator are proposed by introducing additional circuit control into the scheme and implementing the power supply subsystem of the device based on the safe decoder scheme. The results of the conducted studies confirmed the compliance of the developed device with the reliability and safety requirements for railway microprocessor relay protection devices, and the safety of the proposed device as part of the relay protection terminal is provided with appropriate circuit solutions.
MODELING THE PROCESS OF CUTTING WITH DIFFERENT GEOMETRY OF THE TOOL
Authors:   Samara National Research University, Vyatkina D.V. , Zvonov S.Yu. ,   Samara National Research University
Published: February 2022

The influence of the tool geometry on the distribution of the material thickness along the generatrix during flanging is investigated. The design of technologies and the development of the construction of die tooling are described. Computer modeling of the flanging process of thin sheet material in the DEFORM-3D software product has been carried out.
METHODOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO THE STUDY OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE INDUSTRY 4.0 CONCEPT
Authors:   Kazan National Research Technological University, Barsegyan N.V. , Zaripova R.R. ,   Kazan National Research Technological University
Published: February 2022

The need to promptly identify problems with the simultaneous production of the necessary corrective actions, which are aimed at optimizing the productivity of the entire production system, justifies the relevance of the study of the effectiveness of the introduction of industry 4.0 technologies in industry. The article provides a review of analytical studies of the concept of "industry 4.0" in foreign scientific literature to identify characteristics and distinguish from related concepts, such as "4th Industrial Revolution", "cyberphysical systems", "Internet of Things". The main key factors for the success of digitalization are people, strategy, technologies that will allow the development of intelligent algorithms to improve operational efficiency; contribute to the efficient use of resources, reduce product quality costs, introduce automation; contribute to increasing the efficiency and productivity of operations. The main directions of the impact of Industry 4.0 technologies proposed by the Boston Consulting Company on the efficiency of production systems are presented. It is concluded that the use of digital technologies in industry 4.0 makes it possible for large-scale technological transformation of production and is aimed at increasing the innovative potential of industrial enterprises.
MAIN DIRECTIONS OF IMPROVEMENT OF INDUCTORS FOR MAGNETIC-PULSE PROCESSING. INCREASING THEIR STRENGTH AND RESOURCE
Authors:   Samara Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Glushchenkov V.A. , Zverev I.V. ,   Imperial Tula Arms Factory, Pesotsky V.I. ,   Samara National Research University named after Academician S.P. Korolyov
Published: February 2022

The article discusses the factors of thermal power effects on the elements of inductors used as a tool in magnetic-pulse processing. The characteristic reasons for their failure are given. The main directions of improving inductors are formulated to ensure their efficiency and resource. All directions are illustrated with specific examples. The creation of highly resistant inductors paves the way for the use of magnetic-pulse processing in mass production.
Chemical characterization, antioxidant activity, -amylase and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory potential of Angelica pancicii Vandas ex Velen
Authors:   Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Trendafilova Antonaeta , Ozek Gulmira ,   Anadolu University, Yurb Suleyman ,   Anadolu University, Goger Fatih ,   Anadolu University, Ozek Temel ,   Anadolu University, Rangelov Miroslav ,   Anadolu University, Todorova Milka ,   Anadolu University, Aneva Ina ,   Bulgarian Academy of Sciences
Published: February 2022

Comparative study GC-FID/MS of essential oils of fruits, leaves and roots of the endemic plant Angelica panciciiVandas ex Velen. revealed a significant difference in their chemical composition. The enantiomeric purity of the main component in the fruit oil (+)-β-phellandrene was also confirmed. In addition, imperatorin, isoimperatorin, oxypeucedanin, oxypeucedanin hydrate, angeloylpangelin and umbelliprenin were isolated from the fruit hexane extract. The content of these coumarins in the hexane extracts from different plant parts was further determined by HPLC. The essential oils and hexane extracts were assessed for their antioxidant potential and inhibitory effect towards -amylase and acetylcholinesterase enzymes. The fruit and leaf essential oils (> 80%) as well as the fruit hexane extract (> 62%) significantly inhibited acetylcholinesterase enzyme. Distinguish free radical scavenging properties were detected for the leaf (Inh. 95.0 ± 2.2 %) and the root (Inh. 66.0 ± 2.4 %) extracts.
Chemical composition and AChE-BuChE activities of the essential oil of palo santo Bursera graveolens(Kunth) Triana & Planch from Jipijapa, Ecuador
Authors:   Universidad Tecnica Particular de Loja, Eduarte Saltos Ronald , Bec Nicole ,   Universite de Montpellier, Salinas Rivera Melisa ,   Universidad Tecnica Particular de Loja, Ramirez Robles Jorge ,   Universidad Tecnica Particular de Loja, Larroque Christian ,   Universite de Montpellier, Armijos Chabaco ,   Universidad Tecnica Particular de Loja
Published: February 2022

This article describes the chemical composition, physical properties and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) activity of stem-distilled essential oil (EO) from Bursera graveolenswood chips, Burseraceae. The plant material was acquired in Quimis (Bosque de Sancán), city of Jipijapa in the province of Manabí, coastal region of Ecuador. Thirty-six components were identified by CG-MS, which represented 98.54% of the volatile oil. The main components were limonene (68.52%) and mentofuran (20.37%). The hydrocarbon monoterpenes constituted the most abundant fractions. The average yield of the EOwas 1.26%. Regarding the physical properties of EO, the following values were obtained: relative density (1,029 g/mL), refractive index (1,477) and specific rotation (+4,567). The EOpresented IC50inhibition values of 47.2 and 51.9 μg/mL for the enzymes AChE and BuChE, respectively.
Seeking support for mental health: Evaluating social identity, social capital, and self-stigma of agricultural producers and their help-seeking preferences
Authors: Baker Carrie , Strong Robert , McCord Carly , Redwine Tobin
Published: February 2022

Stigma, cultural norms, nature of work and lack of access to care are among the many variables that place agricultural producers particularly at risk for compromised mental health and related illness. One variable related to improved mental health outcomes is help-seeking intention, which can be mediated by variables such as social identity and social capital. The study’s purpose was to characterize these variables among producers and describe the intention of agricultural producers to seek mental health assistance. Researchers conducted a bi-regional state survey of agricultural producers in 32 Texas counties. A representative sample of Texas agricultural producers (n = 429) were surveyed to understand their social identity and social capital as well as their intentions to seek mental health assistance for personal or emotional problems and for suicide ideation. Results support the use of identity-based programming to increase social capital, in conjunction with tailored mental health education and training to promote healthy help-seeking behavior among agricultural producers. Researchers recommend innovative solutions for agricultural extension to consider for improving stakeholder’s lives. An agricultural extension central resource or information hub, which houses national resources and information about this growing area of research would be a valuable investment of time and resources.
ACTIVITY OF THE GROUP OF ARTISTS "5 + 1" IN CONCEPTUAL ART
Authors:   Lecturer, Department Of Art History And Theory, National Institute Of Art And Design Named After Kamoliddin Behzod Tashkent, Uzbekistan, Zaynutdinova Zukhra
Published: February 2022

The article examines the role and significance of the "5 + 1" group in the development of contemporary art in Uzbekistan in the context of the creativity of the group's artists. The ideas and aesthetics of paintings, installations, video art in the work of individual artists are revealed in detail.
PROPERTIES AND STRUCTURES OF NANOMATERIALS IN TEACHING THE COURSE OF MODERN GENERAL PHYSICS IN UNIVERSITIES
Authors:   Samarkand State University, Uzbekistan, Kuvandikov O. K.
Published: February 2022

In this work the experience of teaching course in general physics, taking into account the structure and properties of nanomaterials are presented. The experience of teaching course in general physics, taking into account the properties of nanomaterials, showed increased interest of students in the chosen specialty. These features pose methodological problem that must be solved in the process of publishing educational literature.
THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS OF PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF ENTREPRENEURIAL SKILLS AMONG STUDENTS
Authors:   Senior Teacher Namangan Institute Of Engineering And Technology, Namangan, Uzbekistan, Ergasheva Fotima Ibragimovna
Published: February 2022

The modern economy imposes new requirements on the participants of business structures, the organization of training and retraining of personnel in the sectors of the economy. At the present stage of the economy, there is a growing demand for young entrepreneurs with knowledge and high skills who can work in various situations. Compared to the older generation, modern young men and women have a high level of knowledge, mobility, search ability, dexterity, initiative, enthusiasm for innovation, a tendency to take risks and develop skills and abilities inherent in entrepreneurship that will help them quickly master. The article considers the share of young people in the subjects of entrepreneurship of the Republic of Uzbekistan, the state policy towards youth. The article shows the advantages of youth entrepreneurship and the problems that hinder the organization and conduct of entrepreneurial activity. Recommendations on the development of youth entrepreneurship are also highlighted.
FEATURES OF GEOMETRIC CONCEPTS OF ASSISTANT SCHOOL STUDENTS
Authors:   Phd, Associate Professor Tashkent State Pedagogical University, Uzbekistan, Khamidova M.P. , Umirzoqova F. ,   2nd Year Master’s Student Tashkent State Pedagogical University, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
Published: February 2022

This article describes the characteristics of auxiliary students in the development of geometric concepts. The importance of using visual aids in the study of geometric material has been highlighted.
HISTORY OF UZBEK FOLK INSTRUMENTS
Authors:   Student, Namangan State University, Uzbekistan, Rakhmatova Feruza Kudrat Kizi
Published: February 2022

The musical instruments reflect the national characteristics, traditions, customs and values of each nation, from which the sound is derived. Performing arts in musical instruments as a means of glorifying the spirituality of mankind is the responsibility of folk art, and from time immemorial has been formed and developed among the masses. The national instruments are constantly being perfected by skilled musicians and are distinguished by their vibrancy, musicality and melody. As musical instruments have become more and more in demand throughout history, so has the attention paid to their educational and pedagogical aspects.
USING TRADITIONAL APPROACHES TO THE UPBRINGING OF CHILDREN WITH HEARING IMPAIRMENTS AND REHABILITATION OF CHILDREN USING ALL THE RESOURCES OF THE BODY
Authors:   Master Student, Tashkent State Pedagogical University, Tashkent, Uzbekistan, Mustafakulova Feruza Shuhratovna , Latifxadjayeva Dilnoza Dilmurod Qizi ,   Master Student, Tashkent State Pedagogical University, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
Published: February 2022

In this article, along with the use of traditional approaches to the upbringing of children with hearing and speech impairments, the desire of specialists working with this category of children to expand knowledge in the field of rehabilitation and education of children with hearing and speech impairments, using the experience of world special pedagogy, turning to modern technologies, is analyzed.
MUSIC TRADITIONS OF THE UZBEK PEOPLE
Authors:   Master, Namangan State University, Uzbekistan, Juraboeva Mushtariy Jamoldin Kizi , Odilova Gulmira Odilovna ,   Master, Namangan State University, Uzbekistan
Published: February 2022

Opportunities and conditions for the real development of the art of folk music were achieved only after Uzbekistan gained its national independence. During this period, first of all, due to the process of understanding the national identity, the process of re-examining the national cultural heritage and returning it to its rightful owners intensified. Second, the disadvantages of the regulators were eliminated. Third, the further development of the Uzbek national music has become one of the important directions of state policy.
SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF TEACHER ACTIVITY IN INTEGRATION OF MOTHER TONGUE AND TEACHING LESSONS IN PRIMARY SCHOOLS
Authors:   Lecturer Faculty Of Preschool And Primary Education Bukhara State University, Uzbekistan, Xusenova Aziza Sh.
Published: February 2022

The article discusses the activities of the teacher and its socio-psychological features in the integration of native language and reading lessons in primary school, the main tasks facing the teacher.
THE ROLE OF PARENTS IN FORMING SPIRITUAL EDUCATION ON THE BASIS OF CREATIVE APPROACHES
Authors:   Senior Lecturer, National Institute of Art and Design named after Kamoliddin Behzod, Uzbekistan, F.Sh. Islamova , S.B. Vaniyan ,   Senior Lecturer, National Institute of Art and Design named after Kamoliddin Behzod, Uzbekistan
Published: February 2022

This article is devoted to one of the most pressing problems of family pedagogy - the role of parents in the formation of spiritual education in the family on the basis of creative approaches. The article clearly shows the issues of raising the level of spirituality on the basis of parental love and affection for the upbringing of children in the family, special attention and creative approaches in the educational process, considering the requirements of family upbringing and ways to organize it properly.
Conductas de autocuidado de la salud en estudiantes de Enfermería durante la COVID-19
Authors: Salas Osorio Yenina Angelica
Published: February 2022

Objetivo. Identificar las conductas de autocuidado en la salud física y mental de las estudiantes ingresantes al Programa Académico de Enfermería durante la pandemia de la COVID-19 durante el semestre 2021-1 en la Universidad de Huánuco.  Métodos. Fue un estudio cuantitativo, de tipo descriptivo y diseño transversal. La población muestral fue126 estudiantes ingresantes al Programa Académico de Enfermería. Fue aplicada una escala de conductas de autocuidado. Se usaron las medidas de frecuencia y proporciones. Resultados. Un 60,9 % (77) de los estudiantes evidenciaron conductas de autocuidado saludable en la dimensión salud física, frente a un 51,7 % (65) con conducta de autocuidado no saludable en la dimensión salud mental del autocuidado. De modo general, hubo predominio de las conductas de autocuidado saludable [55,8 % (70)]. Al comparar las características sociodemográficas de la muestra en estudio, según los tipos de autocuidado (saludable/no saludable), se encontró que, tanto entre las mujeres como en el grupo de adolescentes, los estudiantes que se dedican solo al estudio y que viven con sus padres muestran mayor autocuidado saludable. Conclusiones. Existe predominio de las conductas de autocuidado saludable en sus dimensiones: autocuidado de la salud mental y física.
Alargamiento y número inalterado de endosomas tempranos en la enfermedad de Alzheimer
Authors: Díaz José
Published: February 2022

Los endosomas tempranos están alargados en las neuronas en la enfermedad de Alzheimer esporádica y en la trisomía 21. Esta alteración nunca ha sido cuantificada y los mecanismos de este alargamiento (fusión o dilatación de los endosomas normales) no han sido determinados. Se estudiaron cerebros de cinco cadáveres humanos con registro de enfermedad de Alzheimer (grupo experimental) y cinco sin la enfermedad (grupo control). Fue estudiado el giro frontal medio. Una nueva y original técnica de coloración para distinguir los endosomas tempranos de la lipofuscina fue creada: se combinó el método del ácido peryódico de Schiff (PAS) para mostrar los gránulos de lipofuscina, e inmunohistoquímica del antígeno endosómico temprano (EEA1) para mostrar los endosomas tempranos. A continuación, se estudiaron estereológicamente las láminas histológicas por el método de conteo de puntos y se calculó la fracción de volumen ocupada por el compartimento de los endosomas tempranos; se encontró esta fracción significativamente elevada en los casos de enfermedad de Alzheimer. Se estudiaron, asimismo, las láminas histológicas por el método de disector óptico y se calculó la densidad numérica de los endosomas por unidad de volumen cerebral: se observó que no hubo alteración en los casos de enfermedad de Alzheimer. La densidad numérica de los endosomas normales fue, por contraste, muy disminuída. Se concluye que el incremento en el volumen ocupado por el compartimento endosomal está relacionado con una dilatación heterogénea y no como consecuencia de la fusión endosomal. La causa del alargamiento endosomal sigue siendo desconocida, pero reciente evidencia genética señala a proteínas específicas.
Valoración de la fuerza muscular respiratoria en pacientes con enfermedades respiratorias crónicas y en personas saludables
Authors: Chero Santos , Díaz Renzo , Sánchez Maricielo , Díaz Yahaira , Tito Luis , Cieza Luis
Published: February 2022

Los músculos respiratorios producen la expansión de la caja torácica, generando la ventilación y produciendo los ciclos ventilatorios. Los músculos de la respiración son el diafragma, los intercostales externos, los intercostales internos y la musculatura accesoria. El diafragma ejerce la fuerza necesaria para la expansión de la caja torácica en la fase inspiratoria (80 % del trabajo aproximadamente). La pérdida de masa muscular se asocia a una disminución de la fuerza voluntaria –aproximadamente de 10 a 15 % por cada década de vida–, que se evidencia a partir de los 50 años de edad. Entre los 70 y 80 años se produce un mayor declive, que alcanza el 30 % de pérdida de masa muscular. El objetivo fue determinar la valoración de la fuerza muscular respiratoria en pacientes con enfermedades respiratorias crónicas y en personas saludables. La muestra estuvo conformada por 100 personas saludables (26 del sexo masculino y 74 del femenino) y 50 pacientes con enfermedades respiratorias crónicas estables, de los cuales 27 fueron masculinos y 23, femeninos (25 EPOC, 25 EPID), diagnosticados mediante espirometría, con edades comprendidas entre los 20 y 60 años, y mayores de 60 años, en dos grupos de estudio. Los criterios de inclusión en personas saludables fueron no deportistas, sin compromiso respiratorio no menor de 6 meses, que vivan en lima desde hace 10 años como mínimo; mientras que los pacientes respiratorios crónicos debían estar estables desde hace 3 meses como mínimo, con espirometría reciente, y que puedan comprender órdenes. Se excluyó a los que presentaban compromiso neurológico asociado y los que presentaban alteraciones cognitivas. La medición se realizó con un manovacuómetro portátil. La valoración media de la fuerza muscular de la PImax y de la PEmax en personas saludables fue 81,83 ± 24,39 y 75,36 ± 24,20, respectivamente; y en las enfermedades respiratorias crónicas fue 56,40 ± 28,35 y 50,90 ± 23,07) con p=0,04, respectivamente, teniendo en cuenta que los varones, en comparación con las mujeres, presentaron mayores valores tanto en saludables como en patológicos. Se concluye que los varones presentan mejores valores que las mujeres, tanto en los saludables como en los patológicos. Los pacientes más afectados son los de EPID; la edad es un factor influyente y la PEmax está más comprometida tanto por edad como por patología.
Factores asociados al uso de la anticoncepción oral de emergencia por estudiantes de obstetricia de una Universidad Privada de Lima, Perú, 2016
Authors: Reyes-Serrano Nathaly , Morales-Alvarado Sabrina , Valdivieso-Oliva Vanessa
Published: February 2022

Esta investigación tiene como objetivo identificar los factores asociados al uso de la anticoncepción oral de emergencia (AOE) en mujeres estudiantes de Obstetricia de una universidad privada de Lima, Perú. Se trata de un estudio exploratorio, descriptivo, observacional y transversal, en el que se utilizó un cuestionario estructurado validado, realizado en junio y julio de 2016 en la EAP de Obstetricia de una universidad privada de Lima, Perú. La muestra fue conformada por todas las estudiantes, a quienes se les visitó en sus aulas de estudio. La información fue analizada usando el software SPSS 21 y Microsoft Office Excel 2010. El estudio fue aprobado por el Comité de Ética de la institución, y fueron encuestadas las que aceptaron voluntariamente participar y firmaron el consentimiento informado. Del total de alumnas encuestadas (n=306), solo se consideraron 265 (86,6 %) debido a que hubo respuestas incompletas. El 86 % tenía entre 16 y 25 años. La mayoría era soltera, vivía con sus padres y solo estudiaba (62,3 %). El 75,5 % había iniciado su actividad sexual; el 65 %, entre los 16 a 19 años (promedio 16,8 años), y en los últimos 6 meses 140 (89,7 %) habían tenido acto sexual con pareja hombre. El 100 % había escuchado o recibido información sobre métodos anticonceptivos y AOE, el 60,8 % la usaría, el 55,1 % la había tomado –la mayoría dentro de las 12 primeras horas poscoito (55,5 %)–, y solo una gestó, admitiendo haber tomado la AOE 48 horas despues del coito. El 88,4 % la compró en una farmacia, pero solo el 10,3 % la adquirió con receta. 12,8 % conocía su composición; 13,2 %, su mecanismo de acción; y 6,9 % la había tomado cuatro o más veces en un año. El uso de AOE por las estudiantes de Obstetricia de una universidad privada de Lima es superior al promedio nacional; se observa que existe un mal uso al registrar ingesta de más de cuatro veces en un año. El conocimiento sobre composición, indicación, mecanismo de acción, uso y efectos secundarios de la AOE es insuficiente.
Impacto de la salud oral sobre la calidad de vida en niños preescolares de la Institución Educativa "José Antonio Encinas" N.º 1137 en el distrito de Santa Anita, Lima
Authors: Gladys Quispe Magaly , Quintana Carmen
Published: February 2022

Durante los últimos años se han construido diversos instrumentos capaces de medir el impacto funcional y psicosocial de las enfermedades bucales sobre la calidad de vida. El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar el impacto de la salud oral sobre la calidad de vida de niños de 3 a 5 años mediante ECOHIS (Escala de impacto de la salud oral en la infancia temprana). La muestra estuvo conformada por 150 niños a quienes se les examinó la cavidad bucal. Se aplicó el ECOHIS al responsable del niño para evaluar el impacto de los problemas bucales y tratamientos dentales sobre la calidad de vida de los niños y de sus familias. Se realizó el análisis estadístico mediante las pruebas de U Mann-Whitney y Kruskal Wallis con un nivel de significancia de 0,05. La caries de infancia temprana severa obtuvo el promedio más alto en relación al ECOHIS (17±8,93 %), lo que indica un impacto negativo en la calidad de vida del niño. Se concluye que el impacto de la salud oral es negativo en la calidad de vida de los niños preescolares evaluados que presentaron caries de infancia temprana, con una relación estadísticamente significativa (p<0,001).
Actitud hacia la investigación en la facultad de ciencias de la salud de la Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2017
Authors: Arellano-Sacramento César , Hermoza-Moquillaza Rocío Victoria , Elías-Podestá Mario , Ramírez-Julca Máximo
Published: February 2022

La investigación es base fundamental en el progreso de la ciencia, y la universidad es la institución que debe alentar a sus estudiantes a realizarla. El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar la actitud hacia la investigación de los estudiantes de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud de la Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener (UPNW) en Lima, 2017. Es un estudio cuantitativo, observacional, transversal.
Los sujetos fueron 1300 estudiantes de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud (excepto Medicina Humana), del V al X ciclo académico, hombres y mujeres, de entre 18 y 50 años, quienes accedieron a la ficha de recolección de datos a través de la plataforma virtual. El instrumento utilizado fue originalmente dirigido a alumnos de la carrera de odontología y en forma presencial; por ello, se realizó una validación de constructo en este nuevo grupo poblacional (estudiantes de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud), de lo que resultó un nuevo instrumento de 13 ítems con validez y confiabilidad comprobada por el estudio. Se procedió también a calcular un baremo. El 80,2 % de los sujetos fueron mujeres. Se evidencia menos participación de estudiantes en tanto se acercan al último ciclo. La mayor cantidad de sujetos fueron de la carrera de Odontología (23,2 %). Hubo semejanza en la frecuencia de rangos de edad “hasta 23 años” y “de 24 a 27” (26,1 % y 27,2 %, respectivamente). El 50,9 % de los estudiantes evidenciaron una actitud regular hacia la investigación.
Teoria da responsabilidade civil pela perda da chance
Authors: Monteiro Filho Carlos Edison Rêgo , Guimarães Vynicius Pereira
Published: February 2022

O presente estudo busca investigar a natureza do dano gerado pela lesão à chance na legalidade civil-constitucional brasileira. Ademais, sob o paradigma da teoria dos efeitos da lesão, o trabalho avalia a aplicabilidade da teoria à responsabilidade civil médica.
Semen collection from small breed birds and some parameters related to passerine bird semen
Authors: ÖZKÖK Arda Onur
Published: February 2022

It is much more difficult to collect semen from small breed birds than large breed birds. The biggest reason for this situation is that small breed birds are very active and their cloaca is smaller. To receive semen from passerine birds, the birds must be in the breeding season. Having active females around during this period will increase libido due to male competition. Trimming the hair around the cloaca to collect semen both prevents the risk of contamination and provides adequate viewing angles. The most commonly used method of obtaining semen is cloacal massage. Massage should be done cranially from the abdomen towards the cloaca. When the bird ejaculates, it is seen that the semen comes out of the cloaca from the seminal glomera with the pressure applied laterally on the cloaca. It collects the exiting semen with the help of a sterile hematocrit capillary tube. Sperm contaminated with feces should not be taken as it will be contaminated. In bird semen, motility examination is important in the direction of movement, speed of movement, and rate of movement of the spermatozoa. Due to this situation, it is seen that there is a relationship between motility and the morphological structure of spermatozoa in passerine birds. This study aims to give information about semen collection by a cloacal method in small breed canaries and some motility and morphological examination methods in passerine bird semen.
A BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF NATURAL DISASTERS AND BUSINESS MANAGEMENT IN TOURISM
Authors: Chen Shuixia , Xu Zeshui , Wang Xinxin , Škare Marinko
Published: February 2022

Natural disasters are a critical factor for the development of business management in the tourism industry, leading to an increasing number of publications on the relationship between natural disasters and tourism business management (ND&T). In order to identify the research status of ND&T and explore the direction for future research, this paper collects 335 publications related to ND&T and develops a bibliometric analysis of the existing publications. First, we map the leading countries/regions, institutions, authors, and journals of ND&T to visualize the general analysis. Then the cooperation network is provided to show the collaboration relationship between countries/regions, institutions, and authors. Third, we introduce the keyword analysis to obtain research hotspots of ND&T. And finally, we explore the research theme analysis through literature review and conclude four topics. The findings of the topic analysis suggest that research on ND&T is receiving increasing attention, and more cooperation is required in the future to deepen the theoretical and empirical focus on tourists.
Episodic Gaseous Outflows and Mass Loss from Red Supergiants
Authors: Humphreys Roberta M. , Jones Terry J.
Published: February 2022

The red hypergiant VY CMa and the more typical red supergiant (RSG) Betelgeuse provide clear observational evidence for discrete, directed gaseous outflows in their optical and infrared imaging, spectra, and light curves. In the very luminous VY CMa, mass-loss estimates from the infrared-bright knots and clumps not only dominate its measured overall mass loss, but explain it. In the less luminous Betelgeuse, similar mass estimates of its circumstellar condensations show that they contribute significantly to its measured mass-loss rate. We present new measurements for both stars and discuss additional evidence for gaseous ejections in other RSGs. Gaseous outflows are the dominant mechanism for the most luminous RSGs and an important contributor to the more typical RSGs like Betelgeuse. We conclude that gaseous outflows, related to magnetic fields and surface activity, comparable to coronal mass ejections, are a major contributor to mass loss from RSGs and the missing component in discussions of their mass-loss mechanism.
A Hint of a Low-energy Excess in Cosmic-Ray Fluorine
Authors: Boschini M. J. , Della Torre S. , Gervasi M. , Grandi D. , Jóhannesson G. , La Vacca G. , Masi N. , Moskalenko I. V. , Pensotti S. , Porter T. A. , Quadrani L. , Rancoita P. G. , Rozza D. , Tacconi M.
Published: February 2022

Since its launch, the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer–02 (AMS-02) has delivered outstanding quality measurements of the spectra of cosmic-ray (CR) species (

p

¯

, e
±) and nuclei (H–O, Ne, Mg, Si, Fe), which resulted in a number of breakthroughs. The most recent AMS-02 result is the measurement of the spectrum of CR fluorine up to ∼2 TV. Given its very low solar system abundance, fluorine in CRs is thought to be mostly secondary, produced in fragmentations of heavier species, predominantly Ne, Mg, and Si. Similar to the best-measured secondary-to-primary boron to carbon nuclei ratio that is widely used to study the origin and propagation of CR species, the precise fluorine data would allow the origin of Si-group nuclei to be studied independently. Meanwhile, the secondary origin of CR fluorine has never been tested in a wide energy range due to the lack of accurate CR data. In this paper, we use the first ever precise measurements of the fluorine spectrum by AMS-02 together with ACE-CRIS and Voyager 1 data to actually test this paradigm. Our detailed modeling shows an excess below 10 GV in the fluorine spectrum that may hint at a primary fluorine component. We also provide an updated local interstellar spectrum (LIS) of fluorine in the rigidity range from a few MV to ∼2 TV. Our calculations employ the self-consistent GalProp–HelMod framework that has proved to be a reliable tool in deriving the LIS of CR

p

¯

and e
−, and nuclei Z ≤ 28.
Infrared Spectra, Optical Constants, and Temperature Dependences of Amorphous and Crystalline Benzene Ices Relevant to Titan
Authors: Nna-Mvondo Delphine , Anderson Carrie M.
Published: February 2022

Benzene ice contributes to an emission feature detected by the Cassini Composite InfraRed Spectrometer (CIRS) near 682 cm−1 in Titan’s late southern fall polar stratosphere. It is also one of the dominant components of the CIRS-observed High-Altitude South Polar ice cloud observed in Titan’s mid stratosphere during late southern fall. Titan’s stratosphere exhibits significant seasonal changes with temperatures that spatially vary with seasons. A quantitative analysis of the chemical composition of infrared emission spectra of Titan’s stratospheric ice clouds relies on consistent and detailed laboratory transmittance spectra obtained at numerous temperatures. However, there is a substantial lack of experimental data on the spectroscopic and optical properties of benzene ice and its temperature dependence, especially at Titan-relevant stratospheric conditions. We have therefore analyzed in laboratory the spectral characteristics and evolution of benzene ice’s vibrational modes at deposition temperatures ranging from 15 to 130 K, from the far- to mid-IR spectral region (50–8000 cm−1). We have determined the amorphous-to-crystalline phase transition of benzene ice and identified that a complete crystallization is achieved for deposition temperatures between 120 and 130 K. We have also measured the real and imaginary parts of the ice complex refractive index of benzene ice from 15 to 130 K. Our experimental results significantly extend the current state of knowledge on the deposition temperature dependence of benzene ice over a broad infrared spectral range, and provide useful new data for the analysis and interpretation of Titan-observed spectra.
Is It Possible to See the Breaking Point of General Relativity near the Galactic Center Black Hole? Consideration of Scalaron and Higher-dimensional Gravity
Authors: Lalremruati P. C. , Kalita Sanjeev
Published: February 2022

The Galactic center black hole is a putative laboratory to test general relativity (GR) and constrain its alternatives. f(R) scalaron gravity is an interesting alternative to GR and has tremendous prospects for astrophysics and fundamental physics near the black hole. In this work, we search for breaking points of GR through estimation of pericenter shift of stellar orbits with semimajor axis a = (45–1000) au. The black hole spin is taken as the maximum χ = 0.99, and orbital eccentricity is taken as e = 0.9. We work with theoretical scalaron field amplitude and coupling, predicted by Kalita, and also consider the constraints reported by Hees et al. The scalaron mass is taken in the range (10−22–10−17) eV. It is found that GR suppresses scalaron gravity at all orbital radii for the theoretical values of scalaron field coupling predicted by Kalita. Breaking point arises only for higher scalaron coupling resulting from the Hees et al. observations within a few tens of au to a = 1000 au. We also estimate the pericenter shift with a power-law potential V(r) ∼ 1/r
2 arising in five-dimensional gravity and obtain allowed ranges of the five-dimensional Planck mass through existing bounds on the parameterized post-Newtonian parameters coming from the orbits of S-2, S-38, and S-55. The breaking point for GR arises for a five-dimensional Planck mass of about 104 GeV. Constraint on this parameter, expected from the astrometric capabilities of existing and upcoming large telescopes, is also presented.
A Toy Model for the Time–Frequency Structure of Fast Radio Bursts: Implications for the CHIME/FRB Burst Dichotomy
Authors: Metzger Brian D. , Sridhar Navin , Margalit Ben , Beniamini Paz , Sironi Lorenzo
Published: February 2022

We introduce a toy model for the time–frequency structure of fast radio bursts, in which the observed emission is produced as a narrowly peaked intrinsic spectral energy distribution sweeps down in frequency across the instrumental bandpass as a power law in time. Though originally motivated by emission models that invoke a relativistic shock, the model could in principle apply to a wider range of emission scenarios. We quantify the burst’s detectability using the frequency bandwidth over which most of its signal-to-noise ratio is accumulated. We demonstrate that, by varying just a single parameter of the toy model—the power-law index β of the frequency drift rate—one can transform a long (and hence preferentially time-resolved) burst with a narrow time-integrated spectrum into a shorter burst with a broad power-law time-integrated spectrum. We suggest that source-to-source diversity in the value of β could generate the dichotomy between burst duration and frequency-bandwidth recently found by CHIME/FRB. In shock models, the value of β is related to the radial density profile of the external medium, which, in light of the preferentially longer duration of bursts from repeating sources, may point to diversity in the external environments surrounding repeating versus one-off FRB sources.
Sizes and Shapes of Sources in Solar Metric Radio Bursts
Authors: Gordovskyy Mykola , Kontar Eduard P. , Clarkson Daniel L. , Chrysaphi Nicolina , Browning Philippa K.
Published: February 2022

Metric and decametric radio emissions from the Sun are the only direct source of information about the dynamics of nonthermal electrons in the upper corona. In addition, the combination of spectral and imaging (sizes, shapes, and positions) observations of low-frequency radio sources can be used as a unique diagnostic tool to probe plasma turbulence in the solar corona and inner heliosphere. The geometry of the low-frequency sources and its variation with frequency are still not understood, primarily due to the relatively low spatial resolution available for solar observations. Here we report the first detailed multifrequency analysis of the sizes of solar radio sources observed by the Low Frequency Array. Furthermore, we investigate the source shapes by approximating the derived intensity distributions using 2D Gaussian profiles with elliptical half-maximum contours. These measurements have been made possible by a novel empirical method for evaluating the instrumental and ionospheric effects on radio maps based on known source observations. The obtained deconvolved sizes of the sources are found to be smaller than previous estimations, and often show higher ellipticity. The sizes and ellipticities of the sources inferred using 2D Gaussian approximation, and their variation with frequency are consistent with models of anisotropic radio-wave scattering in the solar corona.