bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison of nutrient composition and potential feed value of different cakes obtained by cold pressed method
Authors: Niyonshuti E , Kirkpinar F
Published: November 2024

This study aimed to determine nutrient composition and chemical properties of some cakes obtained by cold pressed method proposed as alternative protein sources, and to reveal their usability in animal feeding. The feed materials used in this study are safflower, black cumin (e and m), flaxseed (e and m), carrot seed, walnut, hempseed, and camelina seed cakes. The proximate analysis, metabolic energies, total phenolic content, total flavonoid and antioxidant activity of these cakes were determined and compared. The average percentage nutrients content of the cakes varies from 95.8 (walnut cake) to 91.9 (flaxseed cake e) for  dry matter, from 13.1 (carrot seed) to 3.9 (safflower cake) for crude ash, from 23.5 (flaxseed e cake) to 5.5 (hempseed cake) for ether extract, from 46.8 (flaxseed cake m) to 20.0 (safflower cake) for crude protein, from 45.4 (walnut meal) to 21.9 (safflower cake) for nitrogen-free extract, and from 9.4 (flaxseed m) to 2.2 (safflower cake) for sugar. Starch content was below detectable level in all feed samples. The highest crude fiber was at 37.1, NDF at 52.7, and ADF at 40.4 were found in safflower cake. The highest metabolic energies for poultry (12.8 Mcal kg-1) and for ruminants (14.01 Mcal kg-1) were obtained from black cumin seed cake (e). The highest total flavonoid content (3.15 mg GAE/g) and total flavonoid (2.64 mg QE/g) were found in walnut cake. The antioxidant activity (%) varied from 31.3 for black cumin seed cake (m)  to 6.7 for camelina seed cake.  Considering the high amount of crude protein (>20%) in the investigated cakes, it is concluded that they can be recommended as alternative protein sources for feeding livestock.
A stereological study: Volume estimation in the cerebellum of Norduz sheep
Authors: Kiran M , Cakmak G
Published: November 2024

In this research, it was aimed to investigate the cerebellum volume values of Norduz sheep raised within the borders of Gurpinar district of Van province. For this purpose, 6 male and 6 female Norduz sheep heads were selected as materials. The brains were dissected and kept in formaldehyde for a week. Cerebellums were separated from the brain hemispheriums. For better fixation, the cerebellums were kept in formaldehyde again for a week. Tissues obtained by sequential random sampling were included in tissue tracking. Then each tissue was embedded in paraffin. An average of 10-12 sections with a thickness of 5µm were obtained from the tissue cassettes obtained by a Rotary microtome (Leica RM, 2135, Nussloch Germany). Sections stained with hematoxylin and eosin were photographed with an x4 objective. From these photographs, total cerebellum, medulla and cortex volumes, as well as vermis volume, were calculated using the Shtereom I program using the Cavalieri Principle. The results were evaluated statistically with the Mann-Whitney U test. No statistical difference was detected in terms of male and female cerebellum volume values, Coefficient of Error (CE) and Noise calculations (p>0.05). However, in the evaluation between genders, it was determined that the only difference was seen in the medulla section of the hemispherium cerebelli sinister (p<0.05).
Keywords: Cavalieri Principle; cerebellum; Norduz sheep; stereology; volume.
Seroprevalence and associated risk factors for Trypanosoma evansi infection in equine in North of Egypt
Authors: Shorba M , Shoulah SA , Arnaout F , Selim A
Published: November 2024

This study determined the seroprevalence of Trypanosoma evansi infection and its associated risk factors in 200 equines across four Egyptian governorates based on CATT/T. evansi. Serological testing revealed T. evansi antibodies in 34.5% of the examined animals, exhibiting notable discrepancies among different governorates. Dakahlia exhibited the highest seroprevalence at 42.4%, while the lowest seroprevalence rate (12.5%) was reported in Gharbia. No significant differences were observed in seroprevalence among age groups or equine species. The multivariate regression analysis model identified pivotal risk factors, wherein the presence of flies increasing infection odds threefold and animals lacking routine insecticide treatment having four times higher odds of infection. Equines in poor health condition displayed double the odds of infection. Surprisingly, a history of venereal disease increased the odds of T. evansi infection. Notably, there were no substantial differences in infection rates based on the disposal of used syringes or prior mange history. These findings provide essential insights into the transmission patterns of T. evansi. Gaining a comprehensive understanding of these identified risk factors is crucial for developing effective methods to reduce the prevalence of T. evansi in populations of equids.
The impact of bedding materials and disinfectants on udder health and mastitis control in dairy cows
Authors: Shahedani MS , Ahmadi F , Tosun Hİ
Published: November 2024

This study investigates the influence of disinfectants applied in bedding areas on mastitis prevalence in dairy farming, emphasizing the critical relationship between bedding materials, disinfectants, and udder health indicators. The importance of this research lies in its potential to enhance evidence-based strategies for mitigating mastitis risk, a significant concern in the dairy farming sector. The existing research gap pertains to a comprehensive understanding of how specific bedding materials and disinfectants impact udder health indicators and mastitis prevalence. Our research questions focus on discerning the associations between these variables and their collective impact on somatic cell count and mastitis prevalence. Employing multivariate regression and correlation analyses, we elucidate the intricate relationships among influential factors affecting udder health in dairy farming. The key message of our study underscores the pivotal roles of bedding materials and disinfectants in influencing udder health outcomes. Our findings reveal statistically significant associations between herd size, bedding materials, disinfectants, and udder health indicators. Larger herd sizes are linked to lower mastitis prevalence, and specific bedding materials, such as bagasse, show promising results in reducing mastitis risk. The study contributes practical insights for dairy farmers to optimize udder health by making informed choices in bedding materials and disinfectants. The findings emphasize the importance of considering specific factors in bedding materials and disinfectants for sustainable improvements in dairy farm outcomes.
The effect of pine honey on the viability of probiotics and some properties of probiotic yogurt
Authors: Ayaz RM , Andiç S , Oğuz Ş
Published: November 2024

In this study, it was aimed to investigate the effect of pine honey on the viability of probiotic bacteria (Lactobacillus acidophilus LA-5®️ and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BB-12®️) and some properties of probiotic yogurts. The non-fat dry matter of milk used in yogurt production is standardized to 11%. Milk is divided into 3 groups (A, B, and C). A, B, and C milk groups were inoculated with yogurt culture, yogurt culture + L. acidophilus LA-5 and yogurt culture + B. animalis subsp. lactis BB-12 respectively. Each 3 groups of milk are divided into 3 parts. While pine honey was not added to the first part (control group), 5% pine honey was added to the second part and 7% pine honey to the third part of the milk. Produced yogurt samples were stored at +4 °C for 21 days and physico-chemical, structural, microbiological, and sensory analyzes were performed on the 1st, 7th, 14th and 21st days of storage. According to the results obtained in the study, with the addition of pine honey, hardness and viscosity values of yogurt samples decreased, while water holding capacity values increased. Also, pine honey addition did not have a significant effect on L. acidophilus LA-5 viability, however, the addition of 7% pine honey statistically significantly increased the viability of B. animalis subsp. lactis BB-12. Also, taste scores of yogurts containing probiotic cultures are lower than those of the control group yogurt in sensory analysis. It was determined that the odor, consistency and color scores of the samples were close to each other.
 
Keywords: Pine Honey; yogurt; prebiotic; probiotic; viscosity
Lessons learned during the health crisis caused by COVID-19 in the work of the nursing professional: A systematic review
Authors: Meneses-La-Riva Monica Elisa , Fernández-Bedoya Víctor Hugo , Suyo-Vega Josefina Amanda , Grijalva-Salazar Rosario Violeta , Ocupa-Cabrera Hitler Giovanni , Alvarado- Suyo Sofía Almendra , Ocupa-Meneses Giovanni Di Deus
Published: November 2024

The health crisis caused by COVID-19 impacted the dynamics of the work of health professionals, specifically in nursing professionals who were aware of the essential need for care and a safe environment to reduce in-hospital risks and mortality indicators. The study aimed to analyze the scientific evidence on the lessons learned during the health crisis in the work of the nursing professional, and the analysis of scientific articles published between 2020 and 2023 in the Scopus databases, obtaining a total of 30 articles. The findings show that there is a need to adopt health contingency policies to respond to health crises, as well as to establish and apply coping strategies in health professionals to avoid the impact on their mental health. Additionally, it is important to recognize their role in society. In conclusion, contingency policies and coping strategies must be developed to ensure the safety and well-being of nursing professionals and prevent the impact on their mental health during health crises like the one caused by COVID-19. Furthermore, it is important to recognize and value the fundamental role of nursing professionals in disease prevention and care in society and continue to work on developing policies and support strategies for health professionals to ensure their safety and well-being during health crises.
Explicating collegiality and change management in neoliberalism during the dynamics of higher education institutions: : A Systematic Literature Review using PRISMA Checklist
Authors: Ani Marlia Makna , Fahmy Rahmi , Lukito Hendra , Games Donard
Published: November 2024

Background This paper discusses the lack of references that comprehensively describe the changes in universities owing to the ideology of neoliberalism. This research also discusses how a university maintains its function and identity when the great wave of neoliberalism massively erodes collegiality as the original philosophy of the university through a case study of the neoliberalism ideology on higher education. This study also provides a comprehensive framework for higher education management and governance changes. Methods We selected all retrieved sources based on the keywords and analyzed all the documents we obtained. This study obtained data from Scopus retrieved on October 27, 2023, using the following keywords: (TITLE-ABS-KEY ("collegiality") OR TITLE-ABS-KEY ("change management") OR TITLE-ABS-KEY ("neolibelism")) AND TITLE-ABS-KEY ("higher education"). This study utilized bibliometric analysis to ensure a structured review of the literature on collegiality, change management, and neoliberalism in higher education. Results The findings show that organizational management, leadership, education, technology, curriculum, innovation, organizational change, decision-making, and human beings are significant trajectories of neoliberalism in higher education. Conclusions This study offers other constructs for accelerating leadership success in higher education. This relates to how change leadership can navigate changes resulting from neoliberal ideology.
Ex-vivo models of post-surgical residual disease in human glioblastoma
Authors: Rominiyi Ola , McGarrity-Cottrell Connor , Myers Katie N , Jones Callum G , Wosnitzka Kelsey , Williams Sophie T , Vanderlinden Aurelie , Antohi Andra-Gabriela , Gomez-Roman Natividad , Chalmers Anthony J , Sinha Saurabh , Jellinek David A , Carroll Thomas A , Wang Dennis , Cavalli Andrea , Bagga Veejay , Al-Tamimi Yahia , Dunning Mark J , Collis Spencer J
Published: November 2024

Background Glioblastoma is a highly infiltrative, currently incurable brain cancer. To date, translation of novel therapies for glioblastoma from the laboratory into clinical trials has relied heavily on in vitro cell culture and murine (subcutaneous and orthotopic) xenograft models using cells derived from the main bulk of patient tumours. However, it is the residual cells left-behind after surgery that are responsible for disease progression and death in the clinic. A lack of substantial improvements in patient survival for decades suggests commonly used murine xenograft models, a key step before clinical trials, do not reflect the biology of residual disease in patients. Methods To address this, we have developed the ‘Sheffield Protocol’ to generate ex vivo models that reflect both resected, and post-surgical residual disease from the same patient. The protocol leverages parallel derivation of inherently treatment-resistant glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs) from ‘core’ and distant ‘edge’ regions through careful macrodissection of a large en bloc specimen, such as from a partial lobectomy for tumour, followed by tissue dissociation and propagation in serum-free media. Opportunistic en bloc specimen use can liberate the most distant infiltrative cells feasibly accessible from living patients. Results We provide an example illustrating that resected and residual disease models represent spatially divergent tumour subpopulations harbouring distinct transcriptomic and cancer stem cell marker expression profiles. We also introduce the ‘Sheffield Living Biobank’ of glioma models (SLB) that incorporates over 150 GSC lines from 60+ patients, including 44+ resected and residual models, which are available for academic use via MTA. Conclusions These models provide a novel tool to reduce animal xenograft usage by improving candidate drug triage in early preclinical studies and directly replacing animal studies for some therapies that are post-Phase 1+ clinical trial for other cancers/conditions to, ultimately, deliver more effective treatments for post-surgical residual disease in glioblastoma.
A new management strategy in reopening laminectomies for cases with spinal canal stenosis
Authors: Faraj Moneer K. , Bani Saad Mohammed , Ismail Mustafa
Published: November 2024

Background While a laminectomy is often mandated for spinal canal stenosis, foraminal stenosis may account for pain and functional limitations instead of central canal issues. Targeted treatment directed at this specific region may enhance patient outcomes. Methods Retrospective observational study of a total of 30 patients with previous decompression laminectomies for lumbar spinal canal stenosis were operated upon for foraminotomies from November 2012 to November 2018. The surgeries were clinically done, and EMG-confirmed nerve root compressions were treated with exact decompression techniques according to the anatomy and pathology in each case. Additionally, a systematic review followed PRISMA guidelines was conducted, utilizing Scopus and PubMed databases to identify studies on reoperation rates after decompression with or without fusion in lumbar spinal stenosis. Results The results were fearsome post-operatively, trying significant improvement in pain, functional status, and walking distance. Pain reduction was achieved in 80% of patients by an increase in the Carnovsky rating scale with evidence of improved pain reduction and walking endurance; this points to minimal resulting complications of one complete case of foot drop and three infective cases managed conservatively. It was shown in the systematic review that fusion surgeries lowered the rates of reoperations at the index level but increased those for adjacent segment reoperations, while decompression alone had higher index-level reoperation rates due to recurrent stenosis. Conclusion Most of the emphasis on foraminal stenosis, rather than traditional laminectomies, significantly reduces postoperative pain and improves functional outcomes. This strategy brings a promising alternative to the management of recurrent symptoms in patients with lumbar spinal canal stenosis.
Ewolucje teorii. Biologizm w modernistycznym literaturoznawstwie rosyjskim
Authors: Brzostowska-Tereszkiewicz Tamara
Published: November 2024

Książka jest poświęcona archeologii nowoczesnej teorii literatury w kontekście historii intelektualnej wschodnioeuropejskiego modernizmu. Z zawrotnej mnogości konceptów, doktryn, idei i eksperymentów wyłaniają się kontury systemowej całości, w której myślenie naukowe współistnieje z mitologicznym, wiedza łączy się z wiarą, przyroda z duchem, życie z twórczością, ideologiczna jednojęzyczność konkuruje z różnojęzycznością. Lokalne zagęszczenia detali tworzą „analityczną" (w Fiłonowowskim rozumieniu tego terminu) panoramę rosyjskiego biologizmu literaturoznawczego. W utopistycznej aurze rosyjskiego modernizmu pierwszego trzydziestolecia XX wieku korelacja biologii i nauki o literaturze daje hybrydy tej miary, co paleogenologia i paleosemantyka, wersologiczny morganizm i dramatologia inspirowana Mendlowską teorią dziedziczenia cech, nomogeneza folkloru i filembriogeneza tropów, morfologia gatunków i literacki mutacjonizm. Ciasny splot języków teorii literatury i nowoczesnej biologii teoretycznej uniemożliwia odseparowanie Naturwissenschaften i Kulturwissenschaften, w sposób, który głoszą badeńscy neokantyści. Rekonstrukcja koncepcji ukształtowanych pod naporem antydarwinizmu i witalistycznych nurtów europejskiej filozofii pozwala istotnie zmodyfikować dotychczasowy obraz genealogii, właściwości oraz pozycji środkowo- i wschodnioeuropejskiego strukturalizmu w historii literaturoznawstwa, a także zrewidować metodologiczno-epistemologiczne podstawy tej ekspansywnej formacji teoretycznej.
Poetyka intersubiektywności. Kognitywistyczna teoria narracji a proza XX wieku
Authors: Rembowska-Płuciennik Magdalena
Published: November 2024

Książka stanowi propozycję połączenia badań nad narracją oraz empirycznych nauk o ucieleśnionym umyśle. Najważniejszą kategorią analityczną jest intersubiektywność, czyli zdolność do przyjęcia perspektywy innego podmiotu. Autorka proponuje nowe ujęcie narracji jako modelu kognitywnej mnogości. Zakłada on, że narracja stanowi konstrukt powstający dzięki intersubiektywnej kooperacji między autorem i odbiorcą, którzy (w innym momencie czasowym) dokonują podobnej operacji poznawczej: reprezentują mentalnie antropomorficzny podmiot (narratora) opowiadający o innych antropomimetycznych podmiotach (postaciach). Ta zdolność do mentalnego „wejścia w cudzą skórę" jest omawiana też w kontekście morfologii narracji, komunikacji narracyjnej, w obszarze czytelniczego odbioru. Rozpatrywana z tej perspektywy np. powieść jawi się jako wyspecjalizowane kulturowe narzędzie w zakresie czytania cudzego umysłu i przewidywania scenariuszy interakcji międzyludzkich.Koncentrując się na formach powieściowych i narracyjnych XX wieku, autorka wychodzi poza tradycyjne rozumienie tematu świadomości w literaturze. Nie ograniczając się do konwencji mowy wewnętrznej, nazywa i systematyzuje modele intersubiektywności obecne w różnych typach narracji. Także tych, które dotychczas interpretowano jako wykluczające reprezentacje świadomości (behawioryzm, egzystencjalizm).Autorka wskazuje, że intersubiektywność nadaje lekturze doświadczeniowy, psychocielesny charakter. Narracja angażuje bowiem procesy poznawcze czytelnika, uruchamia wielozmysłowe obrazowanie mentalne, stymuluje emocje i reakcje cielesne odbiorcy. To doświadczenie w swej intensywności może konkurować z różnymi współczesnymi wariantami rzeczywistości wirtualnych.
Modele, artefakty, kolektywy. Praktyka badawcza w perspektywie współczesnych studiów nad nauką
Authors: Afeltowicz Łukasz
Published: November 2024

O tym, że nauka polega na rozwiązywaniu problemów, pisało już wielu autorów. Jednak kto rozwiązuje owe problemy? Jakie mechanizmy wykorzystuje się w tym celu? Odpowiedź na te pytania nie jest wcale oczywista. Kiedy spojrzymy na standardową wizję nauki, łatwo dostrzeżemy w niej opowieść, w której główne role odgrywają jednostki dokonujące przełomowych odkryć. Jest to historia gigantów, którzy wyznaczają nowe ścieżki rozwoju ludzkości - historia, która jest zarazem heroiczna i sentymentalna. Jednocześnie jest to wizja, która zakłada, że nauka to praca przede wszystkim (jeżeli nie wyłącznie) intelektualna. Problem w tym, że ta wizja w żaden sposób nie przystaje do funkcjonowania współczesnej nauki. Jak zatem to wszystko działa? Jaka jest rola jednostki w procesie naukowym? Jakie funkcje pełnią czynniki społeczne i materialne? Jak rzeczywiście wygląda praktyka rozwiązywania problemów? To pytania, od których wychodzi autor pracy "Modele, artefakty, kolektywy". Książka ta jest oryginalną próbą syntezy współczesnych studiów nad nauką i technologią. Autor rozpoczyna od klasycznych podejść filozoficznych Thomasa Kuhna i Ludwika Flecka, rekonstruuje najważniejsze elementy socjologii wiedzy naukowej, by przejść do współczesnych antropologicznych i kognitywnych analiz praktyk badawczych. Efektem jest nie-heroiczna i nie-sentymentalna wizja nauki, w której kluczowe role odgrywają kolektywny wymiar procesu badawczego oraz interakcje uczonych z elementami ich materialnego środowiska - zarówno skomplikowanymi instrumentami laboratoryjnymi, maszynami obliczeniowymi, jak i prozaicznymi przedmiotami codziennego użytku.
Antystrofa dialektyki. Teoria retoryczna Bartłomieja Keckermanna
Authors: Ryczek Wojciech
Published: November 2024

Głównym celem książki jest rekonstrukcja teorii retorycznej, wyłożonej przez Bartłomieja Keckermanna (1572–1609), profesora filozofii w Gdańskim Gimnazjum Akademickim, w obszernym traktacie pod tytułem System retoryki (Systema rhetoricae, Hanau 1608). Opierając się na przejrzystej metodzie, u której podstaw leżała zasada podziału dychotomicznego, wywiedziona wprost z pism logicznych Arystotelesa (Organonu), Keckermann przeprowadził systematyzację sztuki przemawiania. Dzięki twórczemu wykorzystaniu koncepcji Stagiryty, Cycerona i Kwintyliana, a także współczesnych sobie teoretyków wymowy, głównie Rudolfa Agricoli, Erazma z Rotterdamu, Filipa Melanchtona i Piotra Ramusa, stworzył on summę renesansowej wiedzy o retoryce. Retoryka ujmowana paradoksalnie (oksymoronicznie) jako antystrofa dialektyki, ukazująca się nam w figuratywnym przebraniu wiernej służebnicy albo nieodłącznej, choć często niepożądanej, towarzyszki logiki (filozofii), została skrojona na miarę ludzkich zdolności i słabości. Jako względnie autonomiczna forma racjonalności (a więc zgodnie z intencją Arystotelesa) i model dyskursywności zbudowany wokół amplifikacji i figuratywności (czyli zgodnie z koncepcją Keckermanna) stanowi apologię niemal powszechnej niekonkluzywności dyskursu, sprzeciwu wobec supremacji intelektu w dziedzinie praktyk sensotwórczych i zgody na brak ostatecznego wyjaśnienia. Mimo tego ma być ona lekarstwem uśmierzającym chroniczną niepewność poznania i środkiem przynoszącym wytchnienie podczas gorączkowego poszukiwania sensu. Dlatego w zależności od potrzeb chwili i celu perswazji retoryka staje się lekarką serc i dusz ludzkich, twórczynią zmysłowych i wielobarwnych obrazów rzeczywistości, a także rewelatorką prawd doskonale już znanych. Za każdym razem zjawia się przed nami pod postacią figury przekształcającej prostą mowę litery w wieloznaczną sekwencję znaków, symboli i obrazów. Przemawiając we własnym imieniu na gruncie teorii wymowy (nawet tej najbardziej metodycznej i usystematyzowanej), retoryka nie może mówić inaczej, jak tylko retorycznie, ożywiając zastygłe w dyskursie toposy i budząc uśpione w języku figury.
Henry James i sztuka auto/biografii
Authors: Buchholtz Mirosława
Published: November 2024

Henry James (1843-1916) to jeden z najwybitniejszych twórców literatury anglojęzycznej, niezapomniany badacz społecznych modeli i relacji płci, meandrów świadomości i psychiki. Jego kosmopolityzm to obietnica, a zarazem wyzwanie porównywalne z dzisiejszą koncepcją transnarodowości. Jego duchowość i etyka, pozbawione religijnego dogmatyzmu, są wskazówką także w obecnych czasach. [...] Jemu zawdzięczamy technikę punktu widzenia i pojęcie centralnej świadomości w utworze literackim. [...] Niniejsza publikacja ma na celu przedstawienie Jamesa jako człowieka i pisarza, tak aby nie upraszczać i nie zamykać debaty na temat sposobów postrzegania jego życia i dzieła. Jest to próba spojrzenia na pisarstwo biograficzne i autobiograficzne Jamesa oraz o Jamesie przez pryzmat toczących się dyskusji o sposobach reprezentacji. Rozdział 1: Studia auto/biograficzne podejmuje kwestię terminologii we współczesnych badaniach nad pisarstwem auto/biograficznym na styku literatury i historii. Wprowadza istotne w tej pracy pojęcie p/aktu auto/biograficznego. Rozdział 2: Wszyscy biografowie Jamesa stanowi omówienie prób stworzenia biografii pisarza: od najwcześniejszych szkiców wspomnieniowych, przez oparte na kwerendzie archiwistycznej prace biografów, aż po fikcję biograficzną. Ukazuje biografistykę jako miejsce walki o władzę utożsamianą z wiedzą. Tematem rozdziału 3: Jamesowskie auto/biografie jest twórczość samego Jamesa. Zostają w nim zanalizowane utwory klasyfikowane na ogół jako biografie i autobiografie. Rozdział 4: Pamięć fotograficzna odnosi się do technologii wspomagającej pamięć, która rozwinęła się za życia pisarza. Przynosi on analizę portretów Jamesa, jak również jego zmieniającego się stosunku do sztuki fotografii.
Farming is a Grind. A Górale’s Perspective on Labour as a Local Heritage
Authors: Małanicz-Przybylska Maria
Published: November 2024

During my recent ethnographic fieldwork research in Chochołów in the western Podhale region, I got the impression that the work of the Górale was one of the most valuable issues in everyday life. Although my research was about heritage, not directly about work, I decided to follow my interviewee’s voice and look specifically at work. I concluded that work is one of the most important references in the local value system. Not only is hard work valued and held up as a model, but it is also often presented as inherited. Even in 19th-century texts, one can read that Górale worked hard and that work was significant to them. Modern Górale also emphasise that they have diligence in their blood, that it is something setting them apart, and that it has always been so. Drawing on various theories from heritage studies, I aim to demonstrate that labour in the Podhale region can be viewed as a form of cultural heritage. This heritage juggles between the authorised and the unauthorised discourse, between the tangible and the intangible. Above all, it is linked to the production of locality, community, and a sense of uniqueness. It can, therefore, be seen, as Rodney Harrison wanted, as heritage in action.
Górale and Farming – It Goes Hand in Hand. Agricultural Work as Part of Cultural Heritage in Podhale
Authors: Nowosielski Józef
Published: November 2024

Contrary to common associations linking Podhale with recreation and tourism, this region still retains its rural character. Rurality, thus, is a category inextricably connected with agriculture and largely shaped by work. That is why progressive changes in agriculture and general de-agrarianisation affect rural areas much more strongly than a simple change in occupational structure would suggest. The article concerns selected narratives and activities of Podhale farmers, showing agriculture as part of the cultural heritage of the countryside. Reffering to the specific agrarian structure, I argue that farmers in this regions use mountain conditions and the presence of the tourist business to undertake activities that go beyond economic aspects of work. The specific nature of agriculture makes it a space for realising individual ambitions that reach beyond earning a living and touch upon aspects of indentity. Even though the agricultural past is common to most inhabitants of Podhale, farmers, consciously referring to it, use techniques available only to them as specific continuators of highland farming methods.
Women’s care work activity as unpaid and continuous labour
Authors: Bocheńska Aniela
Published: November 2024

Work, depending on who performs it and in what context, is burdened with various symbolic and social meanings. An interesting example of these dependencies is the issue of women’s unpaid caregiving work. It is crucial for thefunctioning of late capitalist, neoliberal society, yet it remains marginalised in dominant discourses - to the extent that it is not accounted for in GDP calculations in Poland; it is systematically unseen and undervalued by the state. I analyse the issue of such work through my field research, carried out from July 2021 to February 2022, on the eating habits of retired women in Warsaw. I conducted 39 interviews with retirees, during which the topic of food served as a means of understanding the stories of their lives, in which wage labour intertwined with household efforts. The lives of the interviewees were filled with the experience of constant “busyness” - many of them spoke of free time as regained or obtained for the first time in retirement. In the article, I analyse the role of unpaid caregivingwork in their lives, what significance it had for them in the past and present, and how it was embedded in the surrounding network of relationships.
Impact of Swimming Training on the Course and Symptoms of Bronchial Asthma and Respiratory System Function: A Literature Review
Authors: Ptak Anita , Szyc Michał
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Bronchial asthma is one of the most common inflammatory diseases among adults and children. It is characterized by the occurrence of bronchial obstruction, which is manifested, for instance, by a feeling of shortness of breath, wheezing, a feeling of tightness in the chest, a feeling of squeezing in the chest. In addition to pharmacological treatment, health behavior including sport is of great importance. In this publication, we will attempt to discuss the effects of swim training on asthma and respiratory system function. We will try to answer the question whether swimming is a safe form of exercise for patients with bronchial asthma.Material and methods: Review of the specialized literature in the field of pulmonology, guidelines for treatment of bronchial asthma and articles available on PubMed and Google Scholar database searching by the keywordsAim of the study: The aim of this publication is to review the available literature to answer the question of whether swimming training is a suitable form of exercise for asthmatic patients and what effect it has on respiratory functionConclusions: The treatment of bronchial asthma is based on the pharmacological treatment. In addition to medications, non-pharmacological methods and health behaviours are important. Appropriate physical activity for people with asthma may include swimming training, which has a beneficial effect on lung function and asthma symptoms management, especially in the paediatric population. There are studies that suggest that swimming carries a lower risk of causing bronchospasm than other sport activities, however, there are inconclusive reports on the effect of attending chlorinated swimming pools on the development of asthma and allergies. Studies on competitive and elite swimmers show that intensive swimming training, especially in chlorinated pools, can induce bronchial hyperresponsiveness and the risk of developing asthma, but this requires further research.
To Partner or Not to Partner? The Partnership Between Platforms and Data Brokers in Two-Sided Markets
Authors: Zhang Xin , Cheng Lihong , Yu Yugang , Tan Yong
Published: November 2024

Data have become a vital competitive asset for online advertising platforms, such as Facebook and Snapchat. These platforms often partner with data brokers to enhance targeting capabilities, which raises important consumer privacy concerns. This study develops a game-theoretic model to analyze the economic dynamics of partnerships between competing platforms and a data broker in a two-sided market. Our findings reveal that heightened consumer privacy concerns can encourage platforms to collaborate with data brokers rather than discourage them, as these concerns may strategically soften price competition on the advertiser side. However, when both platforms partner with a data broker, a prisoner’s dilemma may arise, even if the broker significantly improves targeting capabilities. From a policy perspective, such partnerships can harm consumer surplus in a purely ad-sponsored model, where users are not charged. Conversely, they may enhance consumer surplus in a mixed revenue model that combines advertising with subscriptions. These insights suggest that policymakers should consider regulations on platform-data broker partnerships to protect consumer interests, particularly regarding privacy protections that platforms may not prioritize under competitive pressures.
Rejoinder: “Consumer Uncertainty and Purchase Decision Reversals: Theory and Evidence”
Authors: Shulman Jeffrey D. , Cunha Marcus , Saint Clair Julian K.
Published: November 2024

An implicit assumption from prior research is made explicit to clarify the conditions for which information that can reduce uncertainty about a purchase can increase the likelihood the purchase is cancelled or returned.
Perspectives on the 21 century Korean Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing
Authors: Lee So Woo
Published: November 2024

The decade of the 2000 will require the psychiatric nursing to make a strong committment to the measurement of the quality of nursing care. Psychiatric nursing's future as a profession may depend upon the ability to demonstrate professional nursing's value to society.This will mean that nursing education and service must work together to address the issue by educating those nurses who have knowledge and skill to design comprehensive nature of quality nursing care faced by the nurses in the psychiatric care field.For this goal, we should redesign the contents of psychiatric nursing care in education programs from traditional inpatient-oriented nursing to variety setting-oriented nursing. In addition, a greater number of prepared psychiatric nurses as a specialist are now available with care skill both in ward and community. However, the most important thing is that they will have the ability to use their knowledge and skill in appropriate settings.
Therapeutic Effects of Buddhism's Sasimsagwan Meditation on Reducing Depression of Nursing Students
Authors: Choi Yeon Ja
Published: November 2024

According to a discipline of Buddhist philosophy, cognitive understanding is believed to be based above all on the name (general concept) under the assumption that understanding is controlled by language. Hence, the discipline proposes Sasimsagwan (a thorough and deep insight on 4 things, i.e. name, thing, one's real nature and difference) as a means to free the subjects from the fixed language and lead them to pursue after satisfying their true nature, awakened from a delusion of language by penetrating into the essence of language. This would be the process of liberating the existence confined by ego and transforming it to the universal ’I'.This study tries to investigate the therapeutic effects of Sasimsagwan meditation upon reducing depression in such manner as suggested by Choi Yeon Ja(2001) as an oriental way of practicing mental health promotion by reducing depression down to the fundamental level. In a test, designed as a quasi-experimental research before and after the time lag of non-synchronized experimental group, Sasimsagwan meditation was conducted only by the experimental group 3 times a week, 6 times in total for 2 weeks during the period from Mar. to July 1999. The subjects of the experiment were 67 students enrolled in the nursing department at W university in I city. Among them. 33 students were grouped for the experimental group, while 34 for the comparison group.In order to examine the variation of depression level in the experimental and control groups, data were collected for finding the differences of reduced depression before and after the experiment by each group and these differences were analyzed by t-test.BDKBeck Depression Inventory), developed by Beck(1978) and arranged by Kim Myung Gwon(1984), was used as a tool to measure the level of depression. The collected data were processed statistically using Minitab.The findings of the research：1. The experimental group conducting Sasimsagwan meditation showed significant decrease of depression compared to the control group which didn't conduct it.
The Effect of Group Rational Emotive Therapy on the Life-Position of Nursing Students
Authors: Pai Hang Ja
Published: November 2024

The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of Rational Emotive Group Training on the life-position of nursing students. This program was based on the Ellis' ABODE principle and RET note through instruction, student's presentation and feedback.The subjects for this study were 18 senior nursing students with 3 group who were clinically practicing on the psychiatric ward.Each group was composed of 6 nursing students.Time of each session was 90 minutes. The program was held two times a week for two weeks, therefore the total number of session was 12 times for 6 weeks. Data were collected from May 28, 2001 to July 7. 2001 and were measured by using life-position instrument before and after the RET group training.The data were analyzed by an SPSS computerized program and included paired t-test to examine the pre-post difference of life position.As the result, main hypothesis. “LifePosition of Nursing Student will be desirably improved after RET group training" was partially accepted.Subhypothesis 1, “The score of self and others acceptance of the nursing students will be higher after RET training than that of before", was supported. (p<0.05) Subhypothesis 2, “The score of self and others denial of the nursing students will be lower after RET training than that of before" was rejected.In conclusion, even short -terms. RET group training is efficient for improving life-position of nursing students, especially for self and others acceptance.
Analysis of Nursing Research in the Journal of Korean Academy of Psychiatric Nursing
Authors: Lee Kwang Ja
Published: November 2024

This study was conducted to analyze the nursing research methodology and the key concepts used in articles published in the Journal of Korean Academy of Psychiatric Nursing. The purpose of this study was for reflecting the trends of psychiatric nursing research and suggesting the direction of future nursing research in Korea.The results are following.1. There were 173 research studies in Journal of Korean Academy of Psychiatric Nursing from 1992 to 2000, yet the number increased in 1998. 110 research studies done since 1998 and it is 63% of the total research studies.2. The most of the research studies are non-degree research studies. Thesis and research studies with fund have been rapidly increased since 1999. There were many individual research studies, but after 2000 year the collaborative research studies have been increased.3. The prevailing research designs were the non-experimental design(60.1%). pre-experimental (13.3%). quasi-experimental(9,8%). and qualitative research designs(9.3%) in order.4. As for the research subjects were patient(30.2%) and generally healthy persons (24.2%), next to primary care-givers, nurses or nursing students and research articles. 5. The data collection method used most often self-report questionnaires using psychosocial measurement(66.2%). Interview methods and physiologic measures were used relatively few times. In 1970's psychosocial measurement and self-report had been used a lot. After 1990's psychological measurement has been increased.6. The domain of the key concepts that prevailed was health(39.3%) and human being domain(19.8%). The key concepts related to nursing domain(18%), and environmental domain (13%) were relatively low. The prevailing key words of the health domain were psychological health-stress, depression, mental health, selfesteem. The prevailing key words related to nursing domain were self-care activity, psycho education, group counseling, community mental health nursing program. This study has the limitation of focusing on only the superficial structural analysis rather than in-depth content analysis of each article. However, this study is the study for reflecting the trends of nursing research based on the Korean Academy of Psychiatric Nursing.Based on the research results, there are some prospect and proposition.1. It is needed to study to check effectiveness of the post educational program for the patients and families.2. In the research design, it is needed more qualitative research. In the main concerns of the psychiatric nursing research is "human's real experience to understand other peoples experience.3. The present study has provided important psychiatric nursing concepts such as human being, health, environment, and nursing for understanding psychiatric nursing interventions.The key concepts related to nursing and environmental domain were relatively low.
The Relationship between Alienation and Social Supports in High School Students
Authors: Lee Eun Sook
Published: November 2024

The purpose of this study was to investigate the level of alienation and social supports in high school students and to explore the relationships between the variables. The convenience sample consisted of 226 students attending a high school located at Chonnam province. Data were collected by a structured questionnaire which included the alienation scale and SSAS from June 20 to June 28 ,2000.Data were analyzed by SAS program including descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Duncan's test and Pearson's Correlation Coefficients.The results are summarized as follows；1. In the relationship between general characteristics of Subjects and alienation, grade (t=2.13, p = .035), economic status(F=3.09.p = .035), school ranks(F=3.00, p = .032), friends variable(t=-3.34. p = .OODwere significant differences.2. In the relationship between general characteristics of subjects and perceived social supports, grade and friends variable were significant differences. The score of friend' support(t = 8.47, p = .004), teacher's support (t = 19.17. p = .000) and total social supports (t = 3.11, p = .OO2) were significantly high in second grade than first grade. Also, the score of friend’ support(t = 5.55, p= .000) and total social supports (t = 3.11, p = .OO2) were significantly high in group with friends than group with no friends.3. There were significant negative correlations between alienation and social supports(r = -.432, p = .000). The type of social supports that the correlation with alienation was the highest was the friend support(r = '302. p = .000).Findings from this study suggested that supportive strategy for lowering alienation are needed to maintain mental health of high school students.
A Study on the Adolescent's Suicidal Risk
Authors: Jung Chui Soon , Im Sook Bin , Go Ho Jin
Published: November 2024

This study was conducted to explore the adolescent's suicidal risk and the needs for help to overcome their suicidal crisis. The data were collected from 1,461 high school students living in the middle part in Korea. Researchers collected the data from February to May in 1999. Suicidal risk was measured using Suicide Probability Scale and a questionnare which examine adolescent's suicidal idea and needs for help. Data were analyzed by percentage, z 2test, t-test, and F-test.Thirty-one subjects(2.1%) got high risk score, 658 students(45.0%) had moderate level, and 772 students(52.8%) had low risk score. Among the subscales, negative self-evaluation score was highest followed by hopelessness, hostility, and suicidal idea. Negative self-evaluation did not differ by gender or grade. The suicidal risk of the students who had not religion was higher than the students who had religion(p<.001).Significant proportion(31.5%) of the subjects thought about suicide during previous 6 months.Girls had high score on suicidal idea than boys and the difference was statisticaly significant (p<.001). The inflicts within their family members, academic problems, loneliness, and peer relation were m^jor causes for the ideas of suicidal attempt. Most of the subjects who have suicidal idea(62.4%) expressed their thought to their friends and wanted to get helps from friends if they could be captured in crisis. Also they wanted to get some helps from parents by letter or telephone as well as face-to-face conversation.In conclusion, 47.1% of the subjects had suicidal risk above moderate level and significant proportion of them thought about having suicide. It is necessary to develop suicide preventive program for adolescents. Our findings suggest that the program should focus on the problems related to studying and conflicts within the family. It could be recommended to use peer group and to promote effective parent's supporting skills for their children.
A Study of Relationship between Adolescents' Sexual Development and Problem Behavior and Depression - Focused on middle school students in Kyungki-Do-
Authors: Hyun Myung Sun , Nam Kyung Ah , Kong Sung Sook
Published: November 2024

This study was designed to examine the relationship between adolescents' sexual development, and body image, problem behavior and depression.The subjects for this study were 444 students at middle school in Kyung Ki Do. The data were collected during the period from May to November, 2000, and were obtained by use of questionnaires. The instruments used for this study were for sexual development divided by Tanner(1962), for the body image, the Body Cathexis Scale by Secord & Jourard(1953). for the problem behavior, the Child Problem Behavior list developed by Hong Kyung Ja(1986), and for the depression, the Beck Depression Inventory developed by Beck(1978). The data were analyzed by use of descriptive statistics. Pearson Correlation Coefficient, t-test, and ANOVA using the SPSS-Win program.The results of this study are as follows :1. The mean stages of the sexual development were 2.99 (genital development) and 2.76 (pelvic development). The mean score of the body image was 3.32, problem behavior 1.35, and depression 26.81 ±5.95.2. As for the male student, there was a significant positive correlation(r = .244, p = .001) between genital development and body image. As for the female student, there was a significant negative correlation(r = -. 198,p=.009) between pelvic hair developmentand body image and as significant positive correlation(r = .273, p = .000) between pelvic hair development and problem behavior.3. As for the female student, there was a significant positive correlation between sexual development and depression(r= .234, P = .001 ; r = .294, p = .000). 4. For the both of male and female student, body image was negatively correlated to the problem behavior(r=-.211, p=.005 : r= -.299, p=.000), and depression(r=-.321, p = ,000 :r = -.342, p = .000) and the problem behavior was positively correlated to the depression (r = .665, p = ,000 : r=.781, p= .000).5. The stage of the genital development (t = -3.70, p = .000) and body image(t = 3.49.p = .001) was significantly different according to sex.6. The level of the problem behavior was significantly different according to family economic status(F = 5.71, p = .004), school scores(F= 12.81, p = .000). and BMI(F=2.83, p = .039).In conclusion, this study showed different relationships between sexual development and body image, problem behavior according to sex.And the level of the sexual development for the male and female adolescents should be considered in school and the other field. And the depressive mood of delinquent adolescents should also be managed. Research examining the difference in psychological, affective character istics, and coping strategies according sex is need in order to enhance their health.