bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Synthetic consortium of Ganoderma lucidum and Lactobacillus plantarum for enhanced natural products biosynthesis
Authors: Azi Fidelis , Hong Yuxiang , Wu Zizhao , Xu Peng
Published: November 2022

Microbial coculture holds immense promise for biomanufacturing. Herein, we designed a synthetic consortium of G. lucidum and L. plantarum for enhanced natural product biosynthesis. The spatio-temporal alignment of the strains revealed an implicit disposition for transient and long-term mutualistic co-existence in the shared environment. The consortium assembly and biomass growth were driven by an intuitive toggle-switching of carbon/nitrogen sources, multi-metabolite cross-feeding, and TOR signalling. Extracellular electron transfer propelled by redox shuttles facilitated the distribution of high-energy electrons and enhanced the consortium’s robustness. The ROS-scavenging activity of antioxidant enzymes maintained the cells’ viability via intracellular ROS removal. Small-signalling molecules stimulated the biosynthesis of bioactive natural products in the coculture. Over-expression of target genes further enhanced ganoderic acids and exopolysaccharides bioproduction in the coculture system. The study provides insight into the physicochemical and molecular forces that drive cooperative interaction and stimulate natural product biosynthesis in G. lucidum and L. planatarum consortium.
Depositional controls on formation of Quaternary lacustrine Tufa Bent Jedidi spring systems, NE Tunisia
Authors: Tlili Faouzia , Ayari Asma , Regaya Kamel
Published: November 2022

The carbonate Bent Jedidi unit represents middle –late Pleistocene continental carbonate deposits in Northeastern Tunisia. The unit consists of three main facies associations; asymmetrically distributed (1) calcrete-palustrine (2) lacustrine, (3) Tuffa carbonate.This study evaluates variations in petrophysical properties within a lacustrine to palustrine and tufa carbonate. The transition from alluvial environments to lake margins settings displays a shift from conglomerate and silt to lacustrine palustrine mudstones to packstones (1) The palustrine carbonates include features like pseudo-microkarst, root cavities, gypsum, nodular and mottled limestone, (2) The lacustrine deposits include charophytes gastropods and ostracods, oxidation oncoids, oncoliths and recrystallization of calcite.(3) The Tufa deposits include, algae filament, mosse Tufa and laminated structure. The evaluation of the facies associations over time demonstrates an overall fall of the relative lake level. High proportion of low energy facies associated with a deeper lacustrine environment. While at the Top predominate high energy facies associated with a shallow lacustrine environment fluctuations in lake water level enabled land plants to occupy the lake margins during periods of low levels for this reason We found chenal porosity. This study aims to identify the depositional facies and the origin and paleoenvironmental significance of lacustrine /palustrine carbonates and tufas in the Pleistocene Bent Jedidi Lake.
Rural-urban disparities in epidemiology of metabolic associated fatty liver disease in the representative area of China
Authors: Wu Tingfeng , Ye Junzhao , Mo Suilin , Ye Miaosheng , Li Xiaoyi , Li Qing , Wang Wengeng , Zheng Qiaocong , Luo Ke , Zhang Yi , Tu Shouwei , Che Daituan , Gong Rulong , Chen Xing , Miu Rong , Shao Congxiang , Sun Yanhong , Zhong Bihui
Published: November 2022

Background
The unexpectedly increased burden of metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) continues in China, and the differences between rural and urban areas remain unclear. We aimed to clarify the prevalence and risk factors in rural areas of China.
Methods
This cross-sectional study used the most densely populated area with highly unbalanced development differences in China (Guangdong Province) as a representative sample, and multistage stratified random sampling was performed. The participants’ demographic, socioeconomic, and lifestyle data were collected. Fatty liver and liver stiffness were screened by FibroScan.
Results
A total of 7287 individuals were enrolled (rural: 2684; urban: 4603). The overall MAFLD prevalence was 35.7%, and MAFLD was higher among rural individuals (38.0% vs. 34.4%, p < 0.001) than urban individuals. Rural individuals had more severe hepatic fibrosis (fibrosis stage 3–4) overall (3.0% vs. 1.3%) and among different sexes (male: 4.2% vs. 2.0%; female: 1.5% vs. 0.5%) (all p < 0.05) than urban individuals. For both rural and urban individuals, lifestyle and dietary habits, including midnight snacks, dining out, and overeating salt, red meat and sugar, were associated with an increased risk of MAFLD, and drinking tea and consuming dietary fibers were associated with a decreased risk of MAFLD. However, midnight snacks and overeating red meat were associated with a higher risk of hepatic fibrosis only in urban individuals.
Conclusion
There is a surprisingly high burden of MAFLD in rural Guangdong, China, which implicates a lack of awareness among rural individuals and a warrant the need for disease counteraction strategies.
Risk factors of poor developmental outcome in Children with Tuberculous Meningitis
Authors: Saal Caro-Lee , Springer Priscilla , Seddon James A , Toorn Ronald , Esterhuizen Tonya M , Solomons Regan S
Published: November 2022

BACKGROUND: Neurodevelopmental delay is a significant long-term complication of childhood tuberculous meningitis (TBM). The objective of this study was to assess risk factors for neurodevelopmental delay in children with TBM.
METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of children diagnosed with TBM at Tygerberg Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa, over a 30-year period between 1985 and 2015. We assessed the relationship between demographic, clinical, laboratory and neuro-imaging characteristics, and cognitive impairment at the conclusion of anti-tuberculous treatment. Poor outcome was defined as moderate-to severe cognitive impairment.
RESULTS: A total of 327 TBM patients were included, 71 (21.7%) suffered a poor outcome. Multivariate analysis revealed that decreased level of consciousness (adjusted OR (aOR): 4.68; 95%CI: 2.43-13.88; p=0.005), brainstem dysfunction (aOR: 3.20; 95%CI: 1.70-6.00; p<0.001) and radiological infarction (aOR: 3.47; 95%CI: 1.87-6.45; p<0.001) were associated with a poor developmental outcome. Left hemispherical (single and multiple) stroke as well as bilateral stroke were associated with poor developmental outcomes.
CONCLUSION: Certain neurological signs as well as radiological infarct characteristics are important predictors of poor developmental outcome. Anticipation of the likely level of cognitive impairment at diagnosis allows more accurate prognostication and prompt institution of supportive and rehabilitative measures, after the acute illness.
Research on digital twin modeling method for complex production scenarios
Authors: Gao Jujian , Yang Yanfang , Shu Liang
Published: November 2022

Complex production scenarios includes large equipment scale, complex processes and sub-model constraints are highly coupling at each level. It is difficult in inheritance of similar equipment information, causing the low reusability of models in the reconfiguration process of twin platform. To address this problem, a component based rapid modeling method for digital twin is proposed, which can enable efficient reuse of model information. Mainly includes: (1) for the decoupling problem of complex models, a hierarchical division scheme and a component based twin model are designed. (2) a K-means clustering algorithm integrating subjective and objective weights to filter templates is proposed to address the efficiency and executability of information reuse. (3) for the inheritance problem of subjective information, an information inheritance process is designed to process and quantify the subjective information inheritance. Finally, the circuit breaker digital twin workshop system is used as an case to exame. The efficiency of dynamic, static and control twin model construction of the researched sub-model are improved by 44.74%, 48.96% and 72.55%. The actual development cycle of multiple projects can be reduced by about 33% compared to the expected cycle.
Intraoperative Shear-wave elastography and Superb microvascular imaging contribute to the Glioma grading
Authors: Cai Siman , Xing Hao , Wang Yuekun , Wang Yu , Ma Wenbin , Jiang Yuxin , Li Jianchu , Wang Hongyan
Published: November 2022

Background
To explore the diagnostic value and feasibility of shear wave elastography and superb microvascular imaging in the grading diagnosis of glioma intraoperatively.
Methods
Forty-nine patients with glioma were included in this study. B-mode ultrasonography, Young's modulus in shear-wave elastography(SWE) and vascular architecture in superb microvascular imaging(SMI) of tumor parenchymaand peritumoral tissue were analyzed. Receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve analysis was used to evaluate the diagnostic effect of SWE. Logistic regression model was used to calculate the prediction probability of HGG diagnosis
Results
Compared with LGG, HGG was often characterized by peritumoral edema in B mode(P < 0.05). There was a significant difference in Young's modulus between HGG and LGG; the diagnostic threshold of HGG and LGG was 13.05 kPa, the sensitivity was 78.3%, and the specificity was 76.9%. The vascular architectures of the tumor parenchyma and peritumoral tissues of HGG and LGG were significantly different (P < 0.05). The elasticity value of SWE and the tumor parenchymal vascularity patterns of the tumor were clearly correlated with the diagnosis of HGG.
Conclusions
Intraoperative ultrasound(ioUS), especially SWE, and SMI are beneficial for the differentiation of HGG and LGG and may help optimize clinical surgical procedures.
FOLFOX regimen after failure of fluorouracil and leucovorin plus nanoliposomal-irinotecan therapy for advanced pancreatic cancer: A retrospective observational study
Authors: Kobayashi Satoshi , Tezuka Shun , Yamachika Yui , Tsunoda Shotaro , Nagashima Shuhei , Tozuka Yuichiro , Fukushima Taito , Morimoto Manabu , Ueno Makoto , Furuse Junji , Maeda Shin
Published: November 2022

Background: Fluorouracil, leucovorin (5FU/LV), and nanoliposomal-irinotecan (nal-IRI) combination therapy has been established as the second-line treatment for advanced pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Oxaliplatin with 5FU/LV (FOLFOX) is often used as a subsequent treatment, although its efficacy and safety are yet to be fully elucidated. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of FOLFOX as a third- or later-line treatment for patients with advanced pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.
Methods: We conducted a single-centre, retrospective study that enrolled 43 patients who received FOLFOX after failure of gemcitabine-based regimen followed by 5FU/LV+nal-IRI therapy between October 2020 and January 2022. FOLFOX therapy consisted of oxaliplatin (85 mg/m2), levo-leucovorin calcium (200 mg/m2) and 5-FU (2400 mg/m2) every two weeks per cycle. Overall survival, progression-free survival, objective response, and adverse events were evaluated.
Results: At the median follow-up time of 3.9 months in all patients, the median overall survival and progression-free survival were 3.9 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 3.1–4.8) and 1.3 months (95% CI, 1.0–1.5), respectively. Response and disease control rates were 0% and 25.6%, respectively. The most common adverse event was anaemia in all grades followed by anorexia; the incidence of anorexia and grades 3 and 4 was 21% and 4.7%, respectively. Notably, grades 3–4 peripheral sensory neuropathy was not observed. Multivariable analysis revealed that a C-reactive protein (CRP) level of >1.0 mg/dL was a poor prognostic factor for both progression-free survival and overall survival: hazard ratios were 2.037 (95% CI, 1.010–4.107; p = 0.047) and 2.471 (95% CI, 1.063 – 5.745; p = 0.036), respectively.
Conclusion: FOLFOX as a subsequent treatment after failure of second-line treatment with 5FU/LV+nal-IRI is tolerable, although its efficacy is limited, particularly in patients with high CRP levels.
Self-Association of the glycan antibiotic teicoplanin A2 in aqueous solution studied by molecular hydrodynamics
Authors: Chun Taewoo , Pattem Jacob , Gillis Richard B. , Dinu Vlad T. , Yakubov Gleb E. , Corfield Anthony P. , Harding Stephen
Published: November 2022

The semi-synthetic glycan antibiotic teicoplanin is used for the treatment of serious Gram-positive related bacterial infections and can be administered intravenously, intramuscularly, topically (ocular infections), or orally. It has also been considered for targeting viral infection by SARS-CoV-2. The hydrodynamic properties of teicoplanin A2 (monomer molar mass ~ 1880 g/mol) were examined in phosphate chloride buffer (pH 6.8, I = 0.10 M) using sedimentation velocity and sedimentation equilibrium in the analytical ultracentrifuge together with capillary (rolling ball) viscometry. In the concentration range, 0-10 mg/mL teicoplanin A2 was found to self-associate plateauing > 1 mg/mL to give a molar mass of (35400 ± 1000) g/mol corresponding to ~ (19 ± 1) mers, with a sedimentation coefficient s20,w = ~ 4.65 S. The intrinsic viscosity [h] was found to be (3.2 ± 0.1) mL/g: both this, the value for s20,w and the hydrodynamic radius from dynamic light scattering is consistent with a globular macromolecular assembly, with a swelling ratio through dynamic hydration processes of ~2.
Radiogenic heat production in rocks from the Sabinas Basin (northeastern Mexico) determined by in situ gamma radiation measurements
Authors: Batista-Rodríguez J. A. , Tolentino-Álvarez J. , Batista-Cruz R. Y. , Almaguer-Carmenates Y. , López-Saucedo F. J.
Published: November 2022

In situ gamma radiation measurements were performed to calculate the radiogenic heat production of sedimentary and igneous rocks from the Sabinas Basin (northeastern Mexico). The sedimentary rocks include shales, sandstones, and limestones from Cretaceous geological formations. The igneous rocks consist of basalts and granodiorites. The basalts belong to different volcanic fields, and the granodiorites are located in the Candela-Monclova magmatic belt. The analysis of all rocks yielded values of up to 13.4 ppm, 47.3 ppm, and 9.1% for uranium (U), thorium (Th), and potassium (K), respectively, and their radiogenic heat production (RHP) values ranged from 0.11 to 6.42 µWm− 3. The studied rocks were accordingly classified as having a low (< 2 µWm− 3), moderate (2–4 µWm− 3), and high (> 4 µWm− 3) RHP. Most studied rocks were characterized by a low heat production, and only 12% of the measurements indicated rocks with moderate and high heat production rates. These latter rocks are represented by clastic sedimentary rocks (shale and sandstone) and granodiorites. The sedimentary rocks, particularly shales, had the highest contents of radioelements and RHP (0.43 to 6.42 µWm− 3). These rocks belong to the Olmos Formation, and their high RHP potential are related to their organic matter and silica contents, and their relationship with deep geological structures. The sandstones of the Pátula Formation also yielded high RHP values (0.72 to 4.73 µWm− 3), linked to their silica contents, feldspar, and micas. The shales and granodiorites showed the highest RHP rates from U and sandstones from Th.
The effects of nano-iron on volatile compounds and phytoestrogens in the Flowering Process of Trifolium pratense
Authors: Li Run , Li Yitong , Ren Xiaoyan , Wang Tian , Yu Haitao , Liu Quan
Published: November 2022

Fe fertilizer is usually used to accelerate the growth and development of plants and trigger the accumulation of specific secondary metabolites to promote resistance and/or immunity of plants. Flowering is a critical process for plant growth and species continuation in angiosperms. However, little is known about the effect of Fe fertilizer on the flowering process. The volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and phytoestrogens in five flowering stages of Trifolium pratense with three Fe treatments (0, 1 and 2 g/mu) were evaluated in the study, which is a very important leguminous forage worldwide. The results showed that Fe contents in flowers dramatically increased with Fe concentrations. It was interesting that the highest Fe content of the flowers was in the senescent stage with 1 g/mu Fe treatment. The control group (CK) in the bud stage had the lowest amount of volatile organic compounds, but nano Fe significantly increased the amount of volatile organic compounds in the bud stage with various aromas. Alkane had the highest relative abundance among VOCs, accounting for more than 45–81%, and gradually increased in pace with the flowering process. Furthermore, nano Fe fertilizer promoted the accumulation of phytoestrogens. The main secondary metabolites exhibited obvious continuity throughout the whole flowering process. The results of the partial least squares discriminant analysis model illustrated that nano Fe fertilizer significantly changed the highly related VOCs and phytoestrogens in different flowering stages. The concentration of 1 g/mu was considered as a cost-effective agronomic measure to promote effectively reproduction and improve the contents of secondary metabolite in seed.
A Bidirectional Fabric-Based Soft Robotic Glove for Hand Function Assistance in Patients with Chronic Stroke
Authors: Lim Daniel Yuan-Lee , Lai Hwa-Sen , Yeow Raye Chen-Hua
Published: November 2022

Background
Chronic stroke patients usually experience reduced hand functions, impeding their ability to perform activities of daily living (ADLs) independently. Additionally, improvements in hand functions by physical therapy beyond six months after the initial onset of stroke are much slower than in the earlier months. As such, chronic stroke patients could benefit from an assistive device to enhance their hand functions, allowing them to perform ADLs independently daily. In recent years, soft robotics has provided a novel approach to assistive devices for motor impaired individuals, offering more compliant and lightweight alternatives to traditional robotic devices. The scope of this study is to demonstrate the viability of a fabric-based soft robotic (SR) glove with bidirectional actuators in assisting chronic stroke study participants with hand impairments in performing ADLs.
Methods
Force and torque measurement tests were conducted to characterize the SR Glove, and hand functional tasks were given to eight chronic stroke patients to assess the efficacy of the SR Glove as an assistive device. The tasks involved object manipulation tasks that simulate ADLs, and the series of tasks was done by the participants once without assistance for baseline data, and once while using the SR Glove. A usability questionnaire was also given to each participant after the tasks were done to gain insight into how the SR Glove impacts their confidence and reliance on support while performing ADLs.
Results
The SR Glove improved the participants’ manipulation of objects in ADL tasks. Difference in mean scores between the unassisted and assisted conditions was significant across all participants. Additionally, the usability questionnaire showed the participants felt more confident and less reliant on support while using the SR Glove to perform ADLs than without the SR Glove.
Conclusions
The results from this study demonstrated that the SR Glove is a viable option to assist hand function in chronic stroke patients who suffer from hand motor impairments.
Crustal seismic anisotropy beneath the Zagros and Central Iran
Authors: Mirahmadi Shirin , Sadidkhouy Ahmad , Javan-Doloei Gholam , Mohammadi Najmieh
Published: November 2022

This study investigates the variation of shear wave anisotropy among the crustal structure of the Zagros and central Iran. We used the waveforms of 327 tele-seismic earthquakes with magnitude greater than 5.0 (Mb) at epicentral distances between 30° and 90°, recorded by 22 broadband seismic stations in the study area. The radial and transverse components of the receiver functions in the frequency band from 0.05 to 0.5 Hz were calculated using the earthquakes recorded at each station. Considering to as arrival time of the Ps-converted phase on radial receiver functions in the isotropic case, we estimate the effective arrival time for the overlapping phases of the split shear waves as a function of back azimuth. We then determine the seismic anisotropy parameters of the shear waves (φ , δt). The results show that the average splitting time in the study area varies from 0.24 to 0.65 seconds, which is a good constraint on the seismic anisotropy compared to the range of crustal seismic anisotropy. Analysis of the fast direction of motion shows that φ changes parallel to the direction of the surface structures and agrees with measurements of the velocity vector GPS that the deformation is rooted in shallower, brittle structures of the crust and active fault zones throughout the environment.
Perception of Old Age and Institutions for the Elderly among the Inhabitants of Beirut, Lebanon: a Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: WEHBE Amine , CHALHOUB Hussein , RAHMAN Haitham ABDEL , OSTA Lana El
Published: November 2022

Background
Aging is a social factor that every human considers. Consequently, myths and stereotypes have been associated with old age, sometimes depicting a negative image. The human perception of old age is formed by knowledge, opinions, and cultural realities. Some people perceive old age as a sign of wisdom, while others consider old age as a loss of or decline in independence. This study aims to explore the perceptions, opinions, and attitudes of a representative sample of the inhabitants of Beirut, Lebanon toward old age and institutions for the elderly.
Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional survey of the inhabitants of Beirut using an anonymous, self-administered questionnaire in the Arabic Language, filled out voluntarily by the respondents. The information obtained through the survey included socio-demographic characteristics, perception of old age and residential institutions for the elderly, and factors influencing the fear of old age.
Results
A total of 400 individuals completed the questionnaire, 50.3% of whom were male. Only 7% of the respondents were 65 years and older. The mean age considered by respondents as old age was 64.23 years. For 28.8% of the respondents, old age mainly meant illness and health problems. Most of the respondents (89%) expressed worry when thinking about old age. The respondents expressed several concerns about old age; the most prominent were health concerns (38.4%) and loss of autonomy (23.7%). Furthermore, our sample’s perception of homes for the elderly was positive: good (39.8%) and very good (11.8%). However, only 3.5% of the respondents had an elderly relative in such institutions. Finally, 33.5% of the respondents agreed to pay for the services in such institutions, and 28.3% suggested an increase in compulsory levies to improve the care of people in such institutions.
Conclusions
Most of the respondents had a negative perception of old age, which was marked by pessimism about their health and autonomy. Similarly, institutions for the elderly represent an undesirable option as the respondents outlined several factors that explain their reluctance. The findings indicate an urgent need for action to improve people’s perceptions and attitudes toward old age.
Lung Cancer Screening Penetration in an Urban Underserved County
Authors: Lee Kristen , Haramati Linda Broyde , Ye Kenny , Lin Juan , Mardakhaev Edward , Gohari Arash
Published: November 2022

Purpose
To compare distributions of residential geography, sex, socioeconomic status (SES), and ethnicity of patients who underwent screening at Montefiore’s Lung Cancer Screening Program with those of patients diagnosed with lung cancer, assessing whether screening efforts are appropriately focused.
Methods
This is a retrospective cohort study involving patients within our multisite urban academic medical center who underwent lung cancer screening or were diagnosed with lung cancer from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2019. Inclusion criteria consisted of residence within seven neighborhoods in the Bronx, NY and age between 55 and 80 years. Institutional review board approval was obtained. Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon two-sample t-test and chi-square.
Results
The cohort comprised 1568 (50.1%) women and 1551 (49.1%) men (mean age 65.6 ± 6.16). The Southeast Bronx had the highest rates of diagnosed lung cancers (423, 29.96%) and lung cancer screenings (533, 31.22%). However, overall geographic distribution between cohorts differed significantly (p = 0.0015). Sex between cohorts did not significantly differ (p = 0.0534). Both cancer and screening cohorts were from impoverished neighborhoods with mean SES of -3.11 ± 2.78 and -3.44 ± 2.80, respectively (p < 0.01). Both cohorts included a majority of Hispanic patients, although ethnicity differed significantly (p = 0.009).
Conclusion
Though statistically significant differences were found between cohorts, likely due to sample size, few clinically meaningful differences were found, implying our lung cancer screening program was effective in reaching the desired population. Demographics-based screening programs should be considered in global efforts efficaciously screen vulnerable populations.
An Innovative Investigation on the Clinical, Radiological, and Biochemical Alterations in Various Degrees of Dental Fluorosis with and without Periodontitis
Authors: VANGARA ADITYA , LAXMAN VANDANA KHARIDHI
Published: November 2022

This study aimed to assess clinical and biochemical parameter levels in dental fluorosis subjects with and without periodontitis. Besides, radiographic alveolar bone changes in jaws among periodontal patients in terms of cortical bone thickness, trabecular bone, and density changes were attempted using CBCT. A total of 40 subjects having dental fluorosed teeth with and without periodontitis were selected and human gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) was collected for estimation of sialic acid (SA) and chondroitin sulfate (CS) of glycosaminoglycans (GAG) by Colorimetric Analysis. Various alveolar CBCT measurements were considered, and the overall assessment for bone density was significantly higher in FD (657.6 ± 270.91) group than the FH group (526.3 ± 260.03) (p < 0.00). The thick dense trabecular pattern was found to occur in 80% of the FD group as compared to 63% in the FH group (p < 0.017). The grade-wise and overall assessment was done. The FD group shows an increase in PI, GBI, CPI-PPD, and SA than the FH group, whereas CS no significant difference in both these groups. Moreover, GCF SA levels are highest (686.33) (p < 0.005 S) in FD and GCF CS levels in the FH group (47.05) and FD group (46.52) almost similar, and hence p = 0.686 which is statistically non-significant. Nevertheless, there is a need for an hour to conduct studies on various endemic fluoride belts globally and appreciate the hidden role of fluorosis. However, fluorosis proved to be an environmental risk factor and further studies are required to decipher its destructive role systemically as well.
The change of SH extratropical cyclone precipitation characteristics with warming in CMIP6 models
Authors: Xu Dongze , Cao Dianbin , Lin Yanluan
Published: November 2022

Extratropical cyclone (EC) is the main source of precipitation at midlatitudes, but its precipitation characteristics change with warming still remains uncertain. Here, using 9 CMIP6 models, ECs in the southern hemisphere are tracked and recorded with concomitant sea level pressure and surface temperatures. EC total precipitation change with warming is decomposed into the contribution from EC number, life duration and precipitation intensity. It is found that decreasing EC total precipitation is strongly related to decreased EC number, with life duration contributing about 1/6 that of EC number change. Increasing EC precipitation intensity offsets the decrease due to EC number. To better quantify EC precipitation intensity change with warming, we employ temperature experienced by ECs instead of regional averaged temperature. A higher precipitation increasing rate per degree of warming (6.7%/K) than previous studies was noted because ECs tend to shift poleward with warming. Furthermore, the noted rate is mainly related to the increase of near-surface temperature (60%), followed by increased EC intensity (31%).
Fast Plug-in Capacitors Polarity Detection with Morphology and SVM Fusion Method in Automatic Optical Inspection System
Authors: Jiawang He , Lurong Jiang , Suoming Zhang , Renwang Li , Changguo Xu , Xinxia Liu , Yongjian Shen
Published: November 2022

Defect detection is a critical element in the PCB manufacturing process. Different from surface mount PCB, the components on the plug-in PCB are usually installed manually, resulting in significant errors. Furthermore , because plug-in components have many different types and irregularities, it is difficult to detect their flaws. We make contributions in the following two aspects: (1) a framework and measurement method of a light source and make a cheap and efficient lighting system ; (2) a fusion algorithm based on machine learning and morphology for polarity detection of plug-in capacitors. The capacitor is detected using SVM and fused with the polar coordinate expansion method. The AOI system and the proposed fusion algorithm have been applied to the production line, with an accuracy of 99.73% and a missed detection rate of only 0.12%, according to the field test of the production line.
Distant genetic variants of Anaplasma phagocytophilum from Ixodes ricinus attached to people
Authors: Lesiczka Paulina Maria , Hrazdilova Kristyna , Hönig Václav , Modrý David , Zurek Ludek
Published: November 2022

Background
Tick-borne pathogen, Anaplasma phagocytophilum is currently described as a single species; however, studies using genetic markers can distinguish groups of variants associated with different hosts, pathogenicity, zoonotic potential, and biotic and geographic niches. The objective of our study was to investigate the genetic diversity of A. phagocytophilum from Ixodes ricinus ticks attached to people.
Methods
In collaboration with a commercial diagnostic company, a total of 52 DNA samples were obtained from ticks that tested positive for A. phagocytophilum by qPCR. The genetic profile of each sample was described using the groEL and ankA gene. Identification of the tick species was confirmed by partial sequencing of the COI subunit and the portion of the TrospA gene.
Results
All 52 ticks were identified as I. ricinus. Two protocols of nested PCR amplifying 1293 bp and 407 bp fragments of the groEL gene of A. phagocytophilum yielded the amplicons of the expected size for all 52 samples. Among all sequences, we identified 10 unique genetic variants of the groEL gene belonging to ecotype I and ecotype II. The analysis targeting the ankA gene was successful in 46 of 52 ticks. Among all sequences, we identified 21 unique genetic variants phylogenetically belonging to three clusters.
Conclusions
Our results indicate that ticks attached to people harbor distant genetic variants of A. phagocytophilum, some of which are not recognized as zoonotic. Further studies are needed to determine the risk of human infection by genetic variants other than those designated as zoonotic.
The influence of the socioeconomic status and maternal serum lipids on lipid concentrations and anthropometry in the first year of life
Authors: Dathan-Stumpf Anne , Vogel Mandy , Grafe Nico , Kiess Wieland , Stepan Holger
Published: November 2022

Purpose
The aim of this study is to investigate the influence of maternal lipid concentrations during second and third trimester on infant lipid levels within the first year of life, infant anthropometry and the examination of socioeconomic influence.
Methods
Between 2011 and 2021, 982 mother-child pairs were recruited in the LIFE-Child study. To investigate the influence of prenatal factors, pregnant women at the 24th and 36th week of gestation as well as children at the age of 3, 6 and 12 months were examined and serum lipids determined. Socioeconomic status (SES) was assessed using the validated Winkler Index.
Results
A higher maternal BMI was associated with a significantly lower Winkler score and a higher infant weight, height, head circumference and BMI from birth up to the 4th-5th week of life. In addition, the Winkler Index correlates with maternal HDL cholesterol and ApoA1 levels. There was no relation between the delivery mode and the maternal BMI or SES.
For the maternal HDL cholesterol concentration in the third trimester, an inverse relation to children’s height, weight, head circumference and BMI up to the first year of life as well as the chest and abdominal circumference to an age of 3 months was found. Children born to mothers with dyslipidemia in pregnancy tended to have a worse lipid profile than those born to normolipidemic mothers.
Conclusion
Serum lipid concentrations and anthropometric parameters of children in the first year of life are affected by multiple factors like the maternal BMI, lipid levels and SES.
PTEN expression was down-regulated in population occupational mercury exposure and promote cell apoptosis via PI3K/AKT pathway
Authors: Mei Peng , Ding Enmin , Yin Haoyang , Ding Xuexue , Wang Huan , Wang Jianfeng , Han Lei , Zhang Hengdong , Zhu Baoli
Published: November 2022

Background: Mercury has different levels of toxicity to various organ systems of the human body. Therefore, it is very important to research the molecular differences and functional mechanisms of mercury exposure for the early prevention and treatment of occupational mercury poisoning.
Method:The subjects of the population study were on-the-job workers in a thermometer manufacturing plant in Jiangsu Province in 2016. According to the basic information collected, 40 people in the high concentration mercury exposure group and 40 people in the low concentration mercury exposure group (control group) were matched, and the blood of each person was collected. Through bioinformatics analysis of gene expression microarray results, the genes related to mercury exposure were initially screened out. The qRT-PCR was used to verify the initial screening of differential expression genes (DEGs) to identify the differential genes of mercury exposure. Mercury exposure differential genes were verified in 293T model cells, and the molecular functions and mechanisms of mercury exposure differential genes were analyzed by qRT-PCR, Western blot, siRNA transfection and ELISA.
Results: Compared with the control group, the expression level of PTEN in the high-concentration mercury exposure group was 21.86% of that in the control group. The result of correlation analysis showed that the relative expression levels of PTEN and RNF2 genes were negatively correlated with the urine mercury value. The expression of PTEN was down-regulated, and the expression of PI3K, AKT and IL-6protein was increased in the mercury-infected 293T cell model.
Conclusions:The results showed that mercury exposure could down-regulate the PTEN gene, activate the PI3K/AKT regulatory pathway, increase the expression of inflammatory factors, and thus cause renal inflammation.
Construction of a machine-learning model to predict the optimal gene expression level for efficient production of D-lactic acid in yeast
Authors: Yamamoto Yoshiki , Yamada Ryosuke , Matsumoto Takuya , Ogino Hiroyasu
Published: November 2022

The modification of gene expression is being researched in the production of useful chemicals by metabolic engineering of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. When the expression levels of many metabolic enzyme genes are modified simultaneously, the expression ratio of these genes becomes diverse; the relationship between the gene expression ratio and chemical productivity remains unclear. In other words, it is challenging to predict phenotypes from genotypes. However, the productivity of useful chemicals can be improved if this relationship is clarified. In this study, we aimed to construct a machine-learning model that can be used to clarify the relationship between gene expression levels and D-lactic acid productivity and predict the optimal gene expression level for efficient D-lactic acid production in yeast. A machine-learning model was constructed using data on D-lactate dehydrogenase and glycolytic genes expression (13 dimensions) and D-lactic acid productivity. The coefficient of determination of the completed machine-learning model was 0.6932 when using the training data and 0.6628 when using the test data. Using the constructed machine-learning model, we predicted the optimal gene expression level for high D-lactic acid production. We successfully constructed a machine-learning model to predict both D-lactic acid productivity and the suitable gene expression ratio for the production of D-lactic acid. The technique established in this study could be key for predicting phenotypes from genotypes, a problem faced by recent metabolic engineering strategies.
Laser-driven low energy electron beams for single-shot ultra-fast probing of meso-scale materials and warm dense matter
Authors: Falk Katerina , Smid Michal , Bohacek Karel , Chaulagain Uddhab , Gu Yanjun , Pan Xiayun , Perez-Martin Pablo , Krus Miroslav , ́ Michaela Kozlova
Published: November 2022

Laser wakefield acceleration has proven to be an excellent source of electrons and x-rays suitable for ultra-fast probing of matter. These novel beams have demonstrated unprecedented spatial and temporal resolution allowing for new discoveries in material science and plasma physics. In particular, the study of dynamic processes such as non-thermal melt and lattice changes on femtosecond time-scales have paved a way to completely new scientific horizons. Here, we demonstrate the first single-shot electron radiography measurement using an femtosecond electron source based on the downramp-density gradient laser-wakefield-acceleration with the use of a compact Ti:sapphire laser. A quasi-monoenergetic electron beam with mean energy of 1.9 MeV and charge 77 pC per shot was generated by the laser incident onto a gas target and collimated using a two ring-magnet beam path. High quality electron radiography of solid objects with spatial resolution bettern than 150 μm was demonstrated. Further developments of this scheme have the potential to obtain single-shot ultrafast electron diffraction from dynamic lattices. This scheme poses a great promise for smaller scale university laboratories and facilities for efficient single-shot probing of warm dense matter, medical imaging and the study of dynamic processes in matter with broad application to inertial confinement fusion and meso-scale materials (mg−g/cm2).
The initiation of a hand grip is delayed by silently reading an incompatible syllable
Authors: Hajj Joelle , De Nil Luc , Welsh Timothy , Tremblay And Luc
Published: November 2022

The movements of phonation structures (e.g., tongue) are said to facilitate compatible hand movements. For example, onset latencies of precision and power hand grips (Reaction Time: RT) are shortened with the production of syllables that share similar sensory consequences (e.g., tactile sensation occurring at the tip of both effectors). However, it is not known if such syllable-grip effects are due to action compatibility vs. interference, and if such facilitation/ interference is due to covertly or overtly reading the syllable. To answer the associated empirical questions, the present experiment involved participants initiating a precision or power grip without the covert/ overt reading of a syllable, or while covertly or overtly reading the syllable /ti/ or /ka/. In both the covert and overt reading conditions, the syllable /ka/ interfered with precision grip RTs and the syllable /ti/ interfered with power grip RTs. In contrast, the syllable /ti/ or /ka/ did not interfere or facilitate power or precision grip RTs, respectively. These findings support the notion of syllable-grip interference but not compatibility and that such interference can be observed with silent reading alone.
Three-month Antibody Persistence of a Bivalent Omicron-containing Booster Vaccine Against COVID-19
Authors: Chalkias Spyros , Harper Charles , Vrbicky Keith , Walsh Stephen , Essink Brandon , Brosz Adam , McGhee Nicole , Tomassini Joanne , Chen Xing , Chang Ying , Sutherland Andrea , Montefiori David , Girard Bethany , Edwards Darin , Feng Jing , Zhou Honghong , Baden Lindsey , Miller Jacqueline , Das Rituparna
Published: November 2022

We previously presented day 29 interim safety and immunogenicity results from a phase 2/3 study comparing the Omicron-BA.1-containing bivalent vaccine mRNA-1273.214 (50-µg) to the 50-µg mRNA-1273 booster in adults who previously received the mRNA-1273 primary series (100-µg) and mRNA-1273 first booster (50-µg) dose. Here we present day 91 post-booster results. Participants were sequentially enrolled to receive 50-µg of mRNA-1273 (n = 376) or mRNA-1273.214 (n = 437) as second booster doses. In participants with no pre-booster severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2-infection (SARS-CoV-2), mRNA-1273.214 elicited Omicron-BA.1-neutralizing antibody titers that were significantly higher (964.4 [834.4-1114.7]) than those of mRNA-1273 (624.2 [533.1-730.9]) and similar between boosters against ancestral SARS-CoV-2 at day 91. mRNA-1273.214 also induced higher binding antibody responses against Omicron BA.1 and alpha, gamma and delta variants than mRNA-1273. Safety profiles were similar for both vaccines. The Omicron-BA.1 bivalent vaccine induced improved antibody persistence compared to mRNA-1273.
Thioxanthone-containing blue thermally activated delayed fluorescent emitter
Authors: Kaji Hironori , Kanno Natsuko
Published: November 2022

Accelerating reverse intersystem crossing (RISC) without sacrificing fast radiative decay would be effective in suppressing efficiency roll‐off (eRO) in thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF)‐based organic light‐emitting diodes. We here report a TADF emitter, CC‐TXO‐I, combining a bicarbazole donor (CC) and a sulfur‐containing acceptor (TXO). The CC is used to accelerate radiative decay via moderate donor‐acceptor torsion angle, and the TXO is expected to provide fast RISC by the heavy atom effect of sulfur. We successfully realized very large rate constants for RISC (kRISC) of ~107 s−1, and eROs were improved by increasing both kRISC and rate constants of radiative decays.
Global well-posedness of solutions to a class of double phase parabolic equation with variable exponents
Authors: Yuan Wen-Shuo , Ge Bin , Ren Hai-Xin , Cao Qing-Hai
Published: November 2022

The main objective of this paper is to study a class of parabolic equation driven by double phase operator with initial-boundary value conditions. As is well known, subcritical hypotheses play an important role in investigating well-posedness result to parabolic and elliptic equations. The highlight of this paper is to overcome the difficulties without sub-critical assumption creates by restricting the domain. We firstly obtain the local solution separately on the radial and the nonradial cases by the appropriate approach of subdiffer-ential, Palais principle of symmetric criticality and variational methods. Later, using the potential well method, the results of global solution and decay estimates of energy functional are proved when the initial energy is subcritical. Finally, we derived the blow-up in finite time of solutions when the initial data satisfies different conditions. The present work extends and complements some of earlier contributions related parabolic equations involving p(x)-Laplacian.
Peculiarities of nitrogen - vacancy centers superluminescence in diamond under the optical pumping at 532 nm
Authors: Mironov Vasiliy Pavlovich , Tel'minov Evgeniy Nikolaevich , Genin Dmitriy Evgenevich , Shulepov Mikhail Aleksandrovich , Dormidonov Aleksandr Evgenevich , Savvin Aleksandr Demyanovich , Lipatov Evgeniy Igorevich
Published: November 2022

In the context of the NV− diamond laser creation [1], an urgent task is to determine the characteristics of diamonds that can affect the laser generation. This work is aimed at investigating the mechanisms of the creation of superluminescence in diamond under the action of optical pumping by the second harmonic of the Nd:YAG laser (λ = 532nm). It was found that when the HPHT diamond is irradiated by 532 nm radiation with an intensity above ~ 2.0 MW/cm2, a nonlinear intensity increasing in the spectral region 700–750 nm is manifested against the background of the spontaneous photoluminescence spectrum, which, with a further pumping intensity increasing turns into a pronounced peak of superluminescence with a maximum of about 718 nm. An increase in the pumping intensity from 2.7 to 46 MW/cm2 widened this peak at half-maximum from 13 to 19 nm. At high levels of pumping intensity, nonlinear pumping radiation absorption and accumulation of NV centers in the excited state were detected. The position of the photoluminescence band was calculated depending on different values of the population inversion density of the color centers, taking into account the diamond's own absorption spectrum. The calculation results are close to the experimental data.
Impacts of Transformer-Based Language Models and Imbalanced Data for Hate Speech Detection on Vietnamese Social Media Texts
Authors: Luu Son T. , Nguyen Kiet Van , Nguyen Ngan Luu-Thuy
Published: November 2022

Hate speech detection on social media networks is the classification task that automatically detects harmful comments from users and prevents the appearance of those toxic comments on social sites. The profit of the hate speech detection task is preventing harassment and toxicity content on the social networks site to protect the users that join the social media networks. However, hate speech detection is challenging, especially for low-resource languages like Vietnamese. In this paper, we investigate the effect of the transformer-based language model and data augmentation techniques for hate speech detection on Vietnamese texts. Then, we proposed our ensemble model to boost the accuracy of hate speech detection in Vietnamese texts.
Computer-based multiple component cognitive training in children with ADHD: a pilot study
Authors: Wu Ying-Ying , Xu Ling-Zi , Wu Zhao-Min , Cao Xiao-Lan , Xue Gui , Wang Yu-Feng , Yang Bin-Rang
Published: November 2022

Background
ADHD is associated with deficits in executive functions. Cognitive training is a promising nonpharmacological intervention for ADHD, however, there is insufficient evidence to guide the selection of training for individuals with ADHD. This pilot study aims to investigate the efficacy of executive function trainingtargeting key executive dysfunctions in ADHD, compared with general executive function training which targets other executive functions.
Methods
This was a randomized, double-masked clinical trial. A total of 127 subjects (6-12 years) diagnosed with ADHD were randomized to receive one of two different cognitive trainings. ADHD symptoms and cognitive functions were evaluated using parent-rated scales and CANTAB cognitive assessments. All participants were required to complete 48 training sessions within a two-month period.
Results
94 out of 127 children completed the required training and assessments. Both ADHD executive function training group and general executive function training group showed significant improvement in ADHD symptoms on the ADHD Rating Scale and in executive function on the assessment of CANTAB. There was no significant difference in improvements between the two groups. Subgroup analysis suggested that children who had ADHD-RS total scores less than or equal to 28 at baseline showed greater improvement following ADHD executive function training.
Conclusions
This study indicates that cognitive training can improve ADHD symptoms and executive function, with no difference in efficacy between targeted and generalized cognitive training. In addition, individuals with lower symptom severitymay benefit more from training targeting key ADHD executive dysfunctions.