bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Classifications of atmospheric circulation
Authors: Stryhal Jan , Huth Radan
Published: February 2020

The goal of the present article is to provide a brief overview of the development and usage of classifications of atmospheric circulation, particularly classifications of circulation patterns. In the first section, the motivation to conduct research into atmospheric circulation and the role of classifications in this research are discussed. In addition, basic approaches to classification are described. In the second section, manual classification methods are introduced; the focus is on those methods that have been widely used in the Czech literature – the synoptic catalogues of Brádka and Hess-Brezowsky. To our knowledge, such an overview has not been published yet. In the third section, the development of automated methods is described and the most commonly used methods are briefly introduced. We conclude with an overview of one of the fastest developing fields in synoptic climatology – the application of circulation classifications to climate modelling.
Pemberdayaan Ekonomi Ibu Rumah Tangga Melalui Usaha Pengupasan Kerang
Authors: Kartika Widiya , Al Asy'ari Al Asy'ari
Published: February 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui proses pemberdayaan ekonomi ibu rumah tangga melalui usaha pengupasan kerang dan mengetahui metode yang dilakukan dalam pemberdayaan ekonomi ibu rumah tanggamelalui usaha pengupasan kerang di Desa Percut, Kecamatan Percut Sei Tuan, Kabupaten Deli Serdang.. Penelitian ini menggunakan tipe penelitian kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data berupa teknik wawancara, studi pustaka, observasi dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pengupasan kerang lebih menekankan memberikan sebagian kekuasaan untuk menyokong ataupun memberikan kekuatan / motivasi / kemampuan kepada masyarakat agar lebih berdaya dan menghasilkan kreatifitas dari pemikiran masing-masing. Proses dalam pemberdayaan ekonomi ibu rumah tangga melalui usaha pengupasan kerang ini mereka mampu menetapkan prioritas dan memperoleh pengetahuan baru mereka. Metode dalam pemberdaan ekonomi ibu rumah tangga di Desa Percut ini ada 5 yaitu pemberian arahan, Diskusi, bercerita tentang pengalaman masing-masing khususnya mengenai masalah usaha kerang, menyiapkan fasilitas dan melakukan pelatihan
Economic stimulation of the development of complex productions for agricultural products processing in the region
Authors: Shubalyi Oleksandr , Kosinskyi Petro
Published: February 2020

It is revealed that in the Volyn region in recent years the volume of agricultural exports has been increasing, which enhances the raw material orientation of the region, which in turn may lead to negative ecological and economic consequences in the future. Agricultural products produced in the region provide foreign processing enterprises with raw materials that come back to us in the form of finished products. It is substantiated that by stimulating the development of domestic agriculture, the state and local authorities for some reason pay little attention to stimulating the development of integrated productions operating on domestic agricultural raw materials.
The raw material orientation of the Volyn region leads to increased extensive agricultural activities, which in turn may impair the level of ecological and economic development of the region. Given the low prices of agricultural commodities on the foreign market, it is advisable to increase the volume of exports of agricultural products with higher value added (finished products).
The expediency and the basic directions of economic stimulation of creation and development of complex productions for in-depth processing of agricultural products in this region are proved. The main advantage of the creation and development of industries from the full cycle of advanced processing of natural resources is the preservation and increase of the amount of added value, which will contribute to increase of financial revenues to the budgets of territorial communities and the state budget in particular, increase of profits of processing enterprises, increase of employment of rural population, etc.
It is concluded that it is necessary to develop integrated production of in-depth processing of agricultural products in the Volyn region. In this regard, additional financial resources should be attracted, first of all, to restore the fallen ones of the 1990s. or underdeveloped processing units of the agroindustrial complex of the region – flax processing, fruit and berry and canning production, vegetable drying, oil and fat production, livestock complexes for pig and cattle production, production of biofuel and food digestion.
Implementation of sustainable development goals of Ukraine in the context of the transformation of personal farmers in the family
Authors: Malik Mykola , Shpykuliak Oleksandr , Mamchur Volodymyr
Published: February 2020

It is proved that the institutionalization of family farming in the market environment as an organizational and legal form, in addition to ensuring the growth at the present stage of economic and social standards of rural residents, directly capable of achieving the goals of the Sustainable Development Goals of Ukraine until 2030. Ukraine operates small farms and private farms that, by a set of identification criteria, can change their status by creating a stateless family farm Su legal entity organized independently or jointly with members of his family under the contract (declaration). The study found that modern legal innovations, designed to ensure the implementation of the mechanism of institutionalization of the family economy in a market environment, are characterized by an appropriate level of implementation: legal – arranged, methodically constructed laws and codes, establishing simple and transparent tax rules; the market – the family farmer is still in the "gray" zone of the market, that is, the majority of such entrepreneurs do not belong to the relevant entities of this organizational form; public (informal) - generally established as a motivated type of economic activity; economic – small farms acquire the status of economically viable in the market, but are already recognized by economic entities capable of receiving significant additional income. However, this did not significantly affect the significant positive tendency of their creation and development. This situation is caused, in particular, by the lack of scientific and methodological approaches to ensure their transformation into a market environment of the economy, appropriate mechanisms for their promotion and support. Thanks to the efficiency of solving these problems, it is estimated that by 2030, about 300,000 private farms can be legalized into a market economy mechanism in the status of a family farm, and about 5,000 functioning small farms, which can be defined according to the established family farms criteria of its legal form of management . The analysis of the conducted potential of formation and development of family farms allows confirming that the specified economic unit is capable to provide both economic development of rural territories, growth of well-being of villagers, and achievement of the set goals set by the Sustainable Development Goal of Ukraine for the period until 2030. The study outlines the main directions of ensuring the achievement of the set goals in the context of ensuring the sustainable development of agriculture.
Priority directions and principles for implementation of state policy for sustainable development
Authors: Kutsenko Vira , Garashchuk Olena , Topchiy Oleksiy
Published: February 2020

The article notes that during the current period of Ukraine undergoing fundamental transformations in the economy and society as a whole. In this regard, there is a need to form a new socio-economic model designed to ensure sustainable development. It also corresponds to Ukraine’s aspirations for integration into the European community. However, today the situation on the implementation of the principles of sustainable development in Ukraine is unsatisfactory, which, in particular, is expressed in the low standard of living of the population and its social protection, as well as in the inadequacy of measures taken in the field of environmental protection. This situation requires the construction of an integrated system of state policy aimed at ensuring sustainable development, which includes coordination of activities in the environmental, financial, economic and social spheres. All this should contribute to the protection of national interests, ensuring security for every citizen and society as a whole.
In this regard, it is noted that in Ukraine there are significant problems in terms of accessibility of social services, ensuring social justice, achieving economic efficiency and environmental safety. The solution to these problems should be facilitated by the current decentralization policy. Within its framework, the creation of united territorial communities is taking place, which should positively affect the provision in each of them of conditions for the implementation of the principles of sustainable development. Indeed, it is on the territory of such communities that there are prerequisites for overcoming the structural imbalances that take place in the economy and condition the irrational use of all resources, including natural ones. As a result of this, the technogenic load on the environment should decrease. The study of social security problems at the level of the united territorial communities, including monitoring of its main indicators, gives reason to assert the need to improve the management system, which should ensure the accessibility of social goods and fairness in their distribution.
Thus, ensuring sustainable development should be considered as a priority area of socio-economic development of Ukraine. This provides for such public policy measures as: the provision of unemployment benefits; ensuring a constant increase in the well-being of the population and strengthening its social protection; reduction of inflation and ensuring economic growth due to the successful solution of scientific and technical problems, including the introduction of effective forms of combining science and production; increasing environmental requirements for the economy. All this should contribute to the realization of the goal of achieving sustainable development.
Brome mosaic virus-like particles as siRNA nanocarriers for biomedical purposes
Authors: Nuñez-Rivera Alfredo , Fournier Pierrick G J , Arellano Danna L , Rodriguez-Hernandez Ana G , Vazquez-Duhalt Rafael , Cadena-Nava Ruben D
Published: February 2020

There is an increasing interest in the use of plant viruses as vehicles for anti-cancer therapy. In particular, the plant virus brome mosaic virus (BMV) and cowpea chlorotic mottle virus (CCMV) are novel potential nanocarriers for different therapies in nanomedicine. In this work, BMV and CCMV were loaded with a fluorophore and assayed on breast tumor cells. The viruses BMV and CCMV were internalized into breast tumor cells. Both viruses, BMV and CCMV, did not show cytotoxic effects on tumor cells in vitro. However, only BMV did not activate macrophages in vitro. This suggests that BMV is less immunogenic and may be a potential carrier for therapy delivery in tumor cells. Furthermore, BMV virus-like particles (VLPs) were efficiently loaded with small interfering RNA (siRNA) without packaging signal. The gene silencing was demonstrated by VLPs loaded with siGFP and tested on breast tumor cells that constitutively express the green fluorescent protein (GPF). After VLP-siGFP treatment, GFP expression was efficiently inhibited corroborating the cargo release inside tumor cells and the gene silencing. In addition, BMV VLP carring siAkt1 inhibited the tumor growth in mice. These results show the attractive potential of plant virus VLPs to deliver molecular therapy to tumor cells with low immunogenic response.
BIOSINTESA FOLAT OLEH BAKTERI ASAM LAKTAT
Authors: Purwandhani Siti Nur
Published: February 2020

Folate, an important B-group vitamin, participates in many metabolic pathways such as DNA and RNA biosynthesis and amino acid inter-conversions. Mammalian cells cannot synthesize folate; therefore, an exogenous supply of this vitamin is necessary to prevent nutritional deficiency. Folic acid is a composite molecule, being made up of three parts: a pteridine ring system (6-methylpterin), para-aminobenzoic acid , and glutamic acid . The folate biosynthesis pathway in micro-organisms can be divided in several parts. The pteridine proportion of folate is made from GTP, that is synthesized in the purine biosynthesis pathway. p-Aminobenzoic acid originates from chorismate and can be synthesized via the same biosynthesis pathways required for the aromatic amino acids, involving glycolysis, pentose phosphate pathway and shikimate pathway. The third component of a folate molecule is glutamate, that is normally taken up from the medium. This review will focus on biosynthesis and folate production by lactic acid bacteria and the folate level production in fermented product.
MANFAAT KESEHATAN BAKTERI ASAM LAKTAT
Authors: Purwandhani Siti Nur
Published: February 2020

Lactic acid bacteria has potential as health-supporting agent because of its role as probiotic that has capability to grow in gastrointestinal tract, and its metabolites/cell components that have health benefits. Health benefits of lactic acid bacteria include balancing intestinal microflora so it can play a role in treating diarrhea, preventing cancer, lowering serum cholesterol, treating lactose intolerant, and preventing constipation. In terms of nutritional value, lactic acid bacteria is capable of increasing the biological value of milk protein, synthesizing vitamin B, inhibiting antinutrient compound, inhibiting toxins production, and producing antimicrobial substances. Examples of lactic acid bacteria strain that can be used as a probiotic are Lactobacillus reuteri, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus casei.
OPTIMASI EKSTRAKSI DAN PENENTUAN KANDUNGAN KATEKIN DALAM TEH HIJAU (Camellia sinensis) MENGGUNAKAN METODA HPLC
Authors: Sudjatini Sudjatini
Published: February 2020

This research was designed to determine the optimum period extraction time for catechin green tea using boiling water and ethyl acetate as a solubilizing agent, whereas the composition and the content of catechin green tea were measured using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). A single factor experiment design was used. The period extraction time of green tea using boiling water and ethyl acetate were 5, 20, 35 and 60 minutes. The proportion of green tea at the extraction process was 1:15 (weight/volume). The extraction process using boiling water was done twice to get the maximum extracted catechin yield. The extracted catechin of green tea were, therefore, compared with epi-catechin as standard solution. The research’s results show that the optimum period for extraction time of green tea using boiling water and ethyl acetate were 35 and 20 minutes, respectively. The extracted green tea using boiling water was 41.39 % of its dry weight, and those extracted green tea contained catechin as high as 60.62-61.78 %. Catechin compound in green tea residues extracted using ethyl acetate was 5.31 % from 58.35 % the total green tea residues. The composition of catechin in the first boiling water extraction, the second boiling water extraction and pressure extraction consisted of epigallocatechin (EGC), epigallocatechin-gallat (EGCG), epicatechin (EC) and epicatechin-gallat (ECG). ECG was only found in green tea residue extracted using ethyl acetate. The total catechin compound in green tea extracted using boiling water and ethyl acetate was 27.73 % of dry weight, consisted of EGC, EGCG, EC and ECG were 14.74, 1.73, 8,35 and 2.91 % of green tea dry weight, respectively
Penguatan Peran Ibu dalam Pola Pendampingan Terhadap Anak dan Media Baru
Authors: Amala saputri Nur , Satriadi Nur Arifin Tommy
Published: February 2020

The presence of new media changes major changes in people's lives. Mothers as family educators must have the knowledge and understanding of new media. In order to educate children and families in using new media well. This service activity is intended to provide knowledge about new media, specifically in the pattern of mother to child assistance and the media. The methods used are reflection, lectures, simulations, and discussions about new media. Participants who took part in this activity were PKK Mothers of Demen village aged 25-60 years. The results of this activity include 6 patterns used by mothers in assisting children and the media. The pattern is (1) Mothers must be able to argue and ask for information or content that can be paid by the child. (2) Set the time for children to use new media. (3) Using safe mode when the child is operating a smartphone, specifically for elementary school age children down. (4) Supervise and check the smartphone used by the child. (5) Inviting children to chat and discuss their daily activities after children, while also making family groups on Whatsapp as a family room to chat online. (6) Combine or report deceptive content and content that contains negative SARA issues. PKK Mothers who participated in this activity gave many positive responses and became more understanding in using new media when accompanying the child when using new media.Â
PKM Bagi Kelompok Peternak Babi Dalam Pengolahan Limbah Kotoran Menjadi Bio Gas Di Desa Banyuraden Kecamatan Gamping Kabupaten Sleman
Authors: Yuniastuti Tri
Published: February 2020

Permasalahan yang timbul akibat usaha ternak babi yang tidak dikelola dengan baik antara lain kondisi lingkungan yang kotor, bau menyengat yang ditimbulkan oleh kotoran yangdibiarkan terbuka serta pencemaran air sungai yang dialiri. Hal ini dapat meresahkan warga disekitar peternakan karena merasa terganggu. Permasalahan inilah yang dihadapi oleh mitra yaituKelompok Ternak Babi di Sanggrahan, desa Banyuraden, kecamatan Gamping, kabupatenSleman. Agar tercipta lingkungan yang bersih dan sehat, salah satu solusinya adalah mengolahlimbah ternak menjadi bio-gas yaitu gas methan (CH4) yang dapat menjadi bahan bakar denganmembuat bio-digester berupa tabung untuk menangkap bio-gas dari kotoran ternak yangdialirkan ke dalamnya. Melalui kegiatan PKM, dilakukan penyuluhan kepada peternak babitentang pembuatan saluran limbah dan bio-digester, kemudian diterapkan pada satu kelompokkandang. Atas dukungan partisipasi masyarakat khususnya peternak babi berupa kesediaantempat, waktu dan tenaga, terwujudlah saluran limbah dan bio-digester yang dapat menghasilkanbio-gas serta pupuk cair dan padat. Pembuatan saluran limbah dan pemakaian bio-digester diharapkan dapat mengurangipermasalahan lingkungan dan konflik sosial serta menguntungkan secara ekonomi karena bisa memanfaatkan bio-gas sebagai sumber energi baru bagi kelompok peternak maupun masyarakat sekitarnya sehingga dapat memotivasi para peternak babi lainnya untuk mewujudkannya.
PELAKSANAAN PENDAFTARAN TANAH SISTEMATIS LENGKAP (PTSL) BERDASARKAN PERATURAN MENTERI AGRARIA DAN TATA RUANG/KEPALA BADAN PERTANAHAN NASIONAL NOMOR 6 TAHUN 2018 DI BPN KOTA YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Suyikati Suyikati
Published: February 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana Pelaksanaan Pendaftaran Tanah Sistematis Lengkap (PTSL) dilaksanakan berdasarkan Peraturan Menteri Agraria dan Tata Ruang/Kepala Badan Pertanahan Nasional Nomor 6 Tahun 2018 di BPN Kota Yogyakarta. Penelitian Tentang Pelaksanaan Pendaftaran Tanah Sistematis Lengkap (PTSL) berdasarkan Peraturan Menteri Agraria dan Tata Ruang/ Kepala Badan Pertanahan Nasional Nomor 6 Tahun 2018 di BPN Kota Yogyakarta merupakan penelitian Yuridis Empiris yaitu penelitian yang pada awalnya meneliti data sekunder untuk kemudian dilanjutkan dengan penelitian terhadap data primer di lapangan atau terhadap masyarakat, selanjutnya data yang telah diperoleh dianalisis oleh Peneliti dengan Metode Deskriptif Analitis.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Pelaksanaan Pendaftaran Tanah Sistematis Lengkap (PTSL) yang dilaksanakan di BPN Kota Yogyakarta sudah sesuai dengan ketentuan yang terdapat dalam Peraturan Menteri Agraria dan Tata Ruang/Kepala Badan Pertanahan Nasional Nomor 6 Tahun 2018 dengan realisai fisik sebanyak 11,959 bidang tanah dan yang berhasil di terbitkan sertifikat sebanyak  856 bidang tanah, selain itu terdapat produk PTSL tahun 2017 yang naik Kluster dari Kluster 3 ke Kluster 1 sebanyak 94 bidang.
PENGGUNAAN DAN BATAS DISKRESI DALAM PENGELOLAAN KEUANGAN DAERAH DI INDONESIA
Authors: Arbani Tri Suhendra
Published: February 2020

Regional finance is the most important thing and becomes the pulse in carrying out all regional government affairs. Regulation in the financial sector is important because many regional heads carry out transportation for corruption because they are wrong in managing and making policies that have no legal basis. In this paper, we try to examine problems such as the changing room for discretion and the discretionary limitation in managing regional finances. This type of research used in this paper is normative legal research, that is research conducted or based on written regulations and other legal materials related to secondary data. In this legal research is used to discuss: statute approach, comparative approach, and conceptual approach. The data analysis technique in writing uses data management in essence the activities to make a system of written legal materials. The results of this paper describe how you should use discretion. This concept of discretion comes in the middle of a weak system of registration of invitations and legal vacuum. In essence, government officials take discretionary measures if they ask for various terms and discussion spaces from the discretion itself that has been regulated in government administration laws. These restrictions on the use of discretion indicate that not everything can be taken as a discretionary measure. Using ermessen freis or discretion basically covers the use of ermessen freis cannot replace with the prevailing legal system (positive legal rules) and the use of ermessen freis is only in the public interest.
Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Servis Bawah Bola Voli Mini melalui Pembelajaran Secara Bertahap
Authors: Widhiasto Raden Willy Winengku , Alsaudi Andi Taufan Bayu Dewantara , Suyatno Suyatno
Published: February 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan hasil belajar servis bawah bola voli mini melalui pembelajaran secara bertahap di kelas V Sekolah Singapore School, Kelapa Gading tahun ajaran 2018 / 2019. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas yang terdiri dari tahap pretest, tahap siklus I dan tahap siklus II. Tindakan yang dilakukan pada tiap siklus meliputi perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi, dan refleksi. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan selama bulan April 2019 dengan subjek penelitian siswa kelas V Sekolah Singapore School, Kelapa Gading sebanyak 30 siswa. Teknik pengumpulan data meliputi tes praktik servis bawah, lembar observasi aktivitas siswa selama mengikuti pembelajaran, dan angket tanggapan siswa mengenai pelaksanaan pembelajaran. Teknik analisis data menggunakan deskriptif persentase untuk mengungkap hasil ketuntasan belajar klasikal siswa. Simpulan penelitian ini adalah pembelajaran secara bertahap dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar keterampilan servis bawah bola voli siswa kelas V Sekolah Dasar Singapore School, Kelapa Gading tahun pelajaran 2018/2019. Saran peneliti meliputi beberapa hal, yaitu: (1) pembelajaran secara bertahap dapat menjadi alternatif bagi guru PJOK untuk diterapkan pada materi servis bawah bola voli, (2) guru hendaknya mengkondisikan siswa agar dapat mengikuti pembelajaran dengan efektif, tidak terlalu lama bermain sehingga menyita waktu pelajaran, dan melakukan pendampingan selama proses pembelajaran.
COUPLING MODELS OF ROAD TUNNEL TRAFFIC, VENTILATION AND EVACUATION
Authors: Luin Blaž , Petelin Stojan
Published: February 2020

As road tunnel accidents can result in numerous fatalities and injuries, attention must be
paid to accident prevention and management. To address this issue, use of integrated tunnel model for system evaluation
and training of road tunnel operators on computer simulator is presented. A unified tunnel model, including traffic,
meteorological conditions, ventilation and evacuation that is presented. An overview of simulation models, simulator
architecture and challenges during the development are discussed. The integrated tunnel model is used as a core of a
simulation system that is capable of reproducing tunnel accidents in real time and it interfaces with Supervisory Control
And Data Acquisition (SCADA) interfaces used in real tunnel control centres. It enables operators to acquire experience
they could otherwise get only during major accidents or costly exercises. It also provides the possibility for evaluation
of tunnel control algorithms and Human Machine Interfaces (HMIs) for efficient operation of all safety systems during
upgrades and maintenance. Finally, application of the model for accident analysis and optimization of emergency ventilation
control is presented where it was used to identify cause of emergency ventilation malfunction and design fault.
Confirmation of WASP-107b’s Extended Helium Atmosphere with Keck II/NIRSPEC
Authors: Kirk James , Alam Munazza K. , López-Morales Mercedes , Zeng Li
Published: February 2020

We present the detection of helium in the extended atmosphere of the sub-Saturn WASP-107b using high-resolution (R ≈ 25,000) near-infrared spectra from Keck II/Near Infrared Echelle Spectrograph (NIRSPEC). We find peak excess absorption of 7.26% ± 0.24% (30σ) centered on the He i triplet at 10833 Å. The amplitude and shape of the helium absorption profile is in excellent agreement with previous observations of escaping helium from this planet made by CARMENES and the Hubble Space Telescope. This suggests there is no significant temporal variation in the signature of escaping helium from the planet over a two year baseline. This result demonstrates Keck II/NIRSPEC’s ability to detect atmospheric escape in exoplanets, making it a useful instrument to further our understanding of the evaporation of exoplanetary atmospheres via ground-based observations of He i.
OGLE-2015-BLG-1771Lb: A Microlens Planet Orbiting an Ultracool Dwarf?
Authors: Zhang Xiangyu , Zang Weicheng , Udalski Andrzej , Gould Andrew , Ryu Yoon-Hyun , Wang Tianshu , Yang Hongjing , Mao Shude ,   (Leading Authors), Mróz Przemek , Skowron Jan , Poleski Radoslaw , Szymański Michał K. , Soszyński Igor , Pietrukowicz Paweł , Kozłowski Szymon , Ulaczyk Krzysztof ,   (THE OGLE COLLABORATION), Albrow Michael D. , Chung Sun-Ju , Han Cheongho , Hwang Kyu-Ha , Jung Youn Kil , Shin In-Gu , Shvartzvald Yossi , Yee Jennifer C. , Zhu Wei , Cha Sang-Mok , Kim Dong-Jin , Kim Hyoun-Woo , Kim Seung-Lee , Lee Chung-Uk , Lee Dong-Joo , Lee Yongseok , Park Byeong-Gon , Pogge Richard W. ,   (The KMTNet Collaboration)
Published: February 2020

We report the discovery and the analysis of the short (

days) planetary microlensing event, OGLE-2015-BLG-1771. The event was discovered by the Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment, and the planetary anomaly (at I ∼ 19) was captured by The Korea Microlensing Telescope Network. The event has three surviving planetary models that explain the observed light curves, with planet-host mass ratio q ∼ 5.4 × 10−3, 4.5 × 10−3 and 4.5 × 10−2, respectively. The first model is the best-fit model, while the second model is disfavored by Δχ
2 ∼ 3. The last model is strongly disfavored by Δχ
2 ∼ 15 but not ruled out. A Bayesian analysis using a Galactic model indicates that the first two models are probably composed of a Saturn-mass planet orbiting a late M dwarf, while the third one could consist of a super-Jovian planet and a mid-mass brown dwarf. The source-lens relative proper motion is μ
rel ∼ 9 mas yr−1, so the source and lens could be resolved by current adaptive-optics instruments in 2020 if the lens is luminous.
Role of Intervening Mg ii Absorbers on the Rotation Measure and Fractional Polarization of the Background Quasars
Authors: Malik Sunil , Chand Hum , Seshadri T. R.
Published: February 2020

We probed the magnetic fields in high-redshift galaxies using excess extragalactic contribution to residual rotation measure (RRM) for quasar sightlines with intervening Mg ii absorbers. Based on a large sample of 1132 quasars, we have computed RRM distributions broadening using median absolute deviation from the mean (

), and found it to be 17.1 ± 0.7 rad m−2 for 352 sightlines having Mg ii intervening absorbers in comparison to its value of 15.1 ± 0.6 rad m−2 for 780 sightlines without such absorbers, resulting in an excess broadening (

) of 8.0 ± 1.9 rad m−2 among these two subsamples. This value of

, has allowed us to constrain the average strength of magnetic field (rest frame) in high-redshift galaxies responsible for these Mg ii absorbers, to be ∼1.3 ± 0.3 μG at a median redshift of 0.92. This estimate of magnetic field is consistent with the reported estimate in earlier studies based on radio-infrared correlation and energy equipartition for galaxies in the local universe. A similar analysis on subsample split based on the radio spectral index, α (with F

ν
 ∝ ν

α
), for flat (α ≥ −0.3; 315 sources) and steep (α ≤ −0.7; 476 sources) spectrum sources shows a significant

(at 3.5σ level) for the former and absent in the latter. An anticorrelation found between the

and percentage polarization (p) with a similar Pearson correlation of −0.62 and −0.87 for subsamples with and without Mg ii, respectively, suggests the main contribution for decrements in the p value to be intrinsic to the local environment of quasars.
Stellar Characterization of M Dwarfs from the APOGEE Survey: A Calibrator Sample for M-dwarf Metallicities
Authors: Souto Diogo , Cunha Katia , Smith Verne V. , Allende Prieto C. , Burgasser Adam , Covey Kevin , García-Hernández D. A. , Holtzman Jon A. , Johnson Jennifer A. , Jönsson Henrik , Mahadevan Suvrath , Majewski Steven R. , Masseron Thomas , Shetrone Matthew , Rojas-Ayala Bárbara , Sobeck Jennifer , Stassun Keivan G. , Terrien Ryan , Teske Johanna , Wanderley Fábio , Zamora Olga
Published: February 2020

We present spectroscopic determinations of the effective temperatures, surface gravities, and metallicities for 21 M dwarfs observed at high resolution (R ∼ 22,500) in the H band as part of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS)-IV Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment (APOGEE) survey. The atmospheric parameters and metallicities are derived from spectral syntheses with 1D LTE plane-parallel MARCS models and the APOGEE atomic/molecular line list, together with up-to-date H2O and FeH molecular line lists. Our sample range in T
eff from ∼3200 to 3800 K, where 11 stars are in binary systems with a warmer (FGK) primary, while the other 10 M dwarfs have interferometric radii in the literature. We define an

M

K

S

–radius calibration based on our M-dwarf radii derived from the detailed analysis of APOGEE spectra and Gaia DR2 distances, as well as a mass–radius relation using the spectroscopically derived surface gravities. A comparison of the derived radii with interferometric values from the literature finds that the spectroscopic radii are slightly offset toward smaller values, with Δ = −0.01 ± 0.02 R⋆/R
⊙. In addition, the derived M-dwarf masses based upon the radii and surface gravities tend to be slightly smaller (by ∼5%–10%) than masses derived for M-dwarf members of eclipsing binary systems for a given stellar radius. The metallicities derived for the 11 M dwarfs in binary systems, compared to metallicities obtained for their hotter FGK main-sequence primary stars from the literature, show excellent agreement, with a mean difference of [Fe/H](M dwarf – FGK primary) = +0.04 ± 0.18 dex, confirming the APOGEE metallicity scale derived here for M dwarfs.
The VLA/ALMA Nascent Disk and Multiplicity (VANDAM) Survey of Orion Protostars. II. A Statistical Characterization of Class 0 and Class I Protostellar Disks
Authors: Tobin John J. , Sheehan Patrick D. , Megeath S. Thomas , Díaz-Rodríguez Ana Karla , Offner Stella S. R. , Murillo Nadia M. , van ’t Hoff Merel L. R. , van Dishoeck Ewine F. , Osorio Mayra , Anglada Guillem , Furlan Elise , Stutz Amelia M. , Reynolds Nickalas , Karnath Nicole , Fischer William J. , Persson Magnus , Looney Leslie W. , Li Zhi-Yun , Stephens Ian , Chandler Claire J. , Cox Erin , Dunham Michael M. , Tychoniec Łukasz , Kama Mihkel , Kratter Kaitlin , Kounkel Marina , Mazur Brian , Maud Luke , Patel Lisa , Perez Laura , Sadavoy Sarah I. , Segura-Cox Dominique , Sharma Rajeeb , Stephenson Brian , Watson Dan M. , Wyrowski Friedrich
Published: February 2020

We have conducted a survey of 328 protostars in the Orion molecular clouds with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array at 0.87 mm at a resolution of ∼0.″1 (40 au), including observations with the Very Large Array at 9 mm toward 148 protostars at a resolution of ∼0.″08 (32 au). This is the largest multiwavelength survey of protostars at this resolution by an order of magnitude. We use the dust continuum emission at 0.87 and 9 mm to measure the dust disk radii and masses toward the Class 0, Class I, and flat-spectrum protostars, characterizing the evolution of these disk properties in the protostellar phase. The mean dust disk radii for the Class 0, Class I, and flat-spectrum protostars are

,

, and

au, respectively, and the mean protostellar dust disk masses are 25.9

,

,

, respectively. The decrease in dust disk masses is expected from disk evolution and accretion, but the decrease in disk radii may point to the initial conditions of star formation not leading to the systematic growth of disk radii or that radial drift is keeping the dust disk sizes small. At least 146 protostellar disks (35% of 379 detected 0.87 mm continuum sources plus 42 nondetections) have disk radii greater than 50 au in our sample. These properties are not found to vary significantly between different regions within Orion. The protostellar dust disk mass distributions are systematically larger than those of Class II disks by a factor of >4, providing evidence that the cores of giant planets may need to at least begin their formation during the protostellar phase.
Investigating Taxonomic Diversity within Asteroid Families through ATLAS Dual-band Photometry
Authors: Erasmus N. , Navarro-Meza S. , McNeill A. , Trilling D. E. , Sickafoose A. A. , Denneau L. , Flewelling H. , Heinze A. , Tonry J. L.
Published: February 2020

We present here the c–o colors for identified Flora, Vesta, Nysa–Polana, Themis, and Koronis family members within the historic data set (2015–2018) of the Asteroid Terrestrial-impact Last Alert System (ATLAS). The Themis and Koronis families are known to be relatively pure C- and S-type Bus-DeMeo taxonomic families, respectively, and the extracted color data from the ATLAS broadband c- and o-filters of these two families are used to demonstrate that the ATLAS c–o color is a sufficient parameter to distinguish between the C- and S-type taxonomies. The Vesta and Nysa–Polana families are known to display a mixture of taxonomies possibly due to Vesta’s differentiated parent body origin and Nysa–Polana actually consisting of two nested families with differing taxonomies. Our data show that the Flora family also displays a large degree of taxonomic mixing and the data reveal a substantial H-magnitude dependence on color. We propose and exclude several interpretations for the observed taxonomic mix. Additionally, we extract rotation periods of all of the targets reported here and find good agreement with targets that have previously reported periods.
Maintenir une décision contestée : le cas du stockage des déchets radioactifs
Authors: Blanck Julie
Published: February 2020

Depuis sa création, la politique française de gestion des déchets radioactifs a reposé sur une décision initiale : réaliser un stockage géologique pour les déchets les plus dangereux. Il s’agit d’une décision prise par les dirigeants scientifiques et techniques du secteur nucléaire, pour apporter une solution à ce problème. Pourtant cette décision a été régulièrement critiquée par des acteurs internes et externes au secteur nucléaire. Pour répondre à ces contestations, les dirigeants du secteur ont enrôlé successivement des acteurs critiques de plus en plus nombreux afin de les faire participer au maintien de cette décision, dont le principe n’est jamais rediscuté. Cet article propose d’étudier cette stratégie d’assimilation de la critique, en suivant la multitude d’acteurs et de dispositifs qui ont permis de maintenir cette décision depuis les années 1970.
Gueroult on Spinoza and the Ethics
Authors: Schmaltz Tad M.
Published: February 2020

Cet article concerne l’application de la méthode « dianoématique », ou « étude des doctrines », dans le commentaire important de Martial Gueroult aux deux premières parties de l’ Éthique  de Spinoza. Gueroult met l’accent sur deux affirmations distinctes dans les deux volumes de ce commentaire. La première affirmation, tirée du premier volume, est que Spinoza adopte une version du monisme dans la première partie de l’ Éthique  selon laquelle Dieu, en tant que substance infinie, consiste en une union d’une infinité de substances distinctes constituées chacune d’un attribut unique. La deuxième affirmation, tirée du deuxième volume, est que Spinoza est contraint, du fait de ce qu’il écrit dans la deuxième partie de l’ Éthique , d’accepter la conclusion qu’il existe deux types de «parallélisme» différents entre les attributs divins.
Aux sources de l’empirisme transcendantal. Deleuze avec et au-delà de Gueroult
Authors: Krtolica Igor
Published: February 2020

La relation de Deleuze à Gueroult est paradoxale. Car sur un plan strictement philosophique, Gueroult professait un rationalisme qui n’avait pas grand-chose à envier à celui d’Alquié ou d’Hyppolite que Deleuze ne manquera pas de critiquer sévèrement. Simplement, non seulement Deleuze n’a pas critiqué les positions de Gueroult, mais il les a même constamment reprises à son compte. Comment l’expliquer ? La raison nous semble la suivante : c’est que Gueroult n’a cessé d’accompagner et de porter l’exigence d’un « ordre synthétique » ou d’un « dynamisme génétique » en philosophie ; or, avant d’être une méthode pour l’historien de la philosophie, cette exigence exprime une certaine conception de la philosophie, dont découlent et la pratique et la philosophie de l’histoire de la philosophie ; et si Deleuze a repris à son compte les positions de Gueroult, c’est qu’il n’a cessé d’alimenter son propre travail philosophique à l’exigence portée par Gueroult, et à la conception de la philosophie qu’elle exprimait. Dans l’œuvre de Deleuze, cette exigence a même rendu possible un geste décisif, au-delà de l’ambition de Gueroult : la critique du rationalisme au nom d’un empirisme transcendantal. Avec Gueroult, au-delà de Gueroult. Le disciple s’est fait créateur. C’est peut-être en ce sens qu’il faut entendre la remarque d’Olivier Revault d’Allonnes : « J’ai toujours trouvé que Gilles [Deleuze] a été un grand élève de Gueroult ».
Leçon inédite sur les deux versions de la déduction kantienne des catégories
Authors: Gueroult Martial , Pelletier Arnaud
Published: February 2020

Martial Gueroult donna un cours au Collège de France sur la Critique de la raison pure de Kant lors de l’année 1957-1958, qui est à ce jour inédit. Le texte qui est présenté ici est l’édition d’une des leçons portant sur la différence entre les deux versions de la déduction transcendantale des catégories. Gueroult y aborde une question classique du commentaire, celle de savoir si la deuxième édition de la Critique a renié la doctrine de la première version. Contre l’interprétation de Herman Jan de Vleeschauwer, Gueroult défend que l’effort de clarification de la déduction, non moins que le souci d’écarter une lecture psychologisante des facultés, ont conduit Kant à emprunter un unique chemin de la déduction des catégories : de haut en bas.
Les apports de l’analyse des réseaux sociaux au management de communautés pilotées
Authors: Bénédic Michaël
Published: February 2020

La contribution attendue de cet article est de montrer en quoi les outils de l’analyse des réseaux sociaux (ARS) peuvent être utiles pour évaluer et améliorer le fonctionnement des communautés pilotées. Ces collectifs hybrides, entre communautés spontanées et structures contrôlées par des mécanismes hiérarchiques classiques, ont pour but de favoriser le développement d’échanges et de connaissances au service des objectifs de l’organisation. Ils présentent des enjeux managériaux spécifiques. Il s’agit en effet de parvenir à impulser et piloter ces collectifs sans pour autant se priver de la richesse du fonctionnement communautaire. Il est pour cela nécessaire de concilier une certaine forme d’auto-organisation et de contrôle et de développer des mécanismes identitaires au sein de ces communautés créées intentionnellement. L’ARS constitue une méthode utile au management pour relever ces enjeux. Elle permet d’obtenir une représentation graphique des différents types d’échanges ainsi que certains indicateurs utiles à la description de la structure des échanges. Elle peut être utilisée comme outil de diagnostic du fonctionnement des communautés pilotées et permet d’instaurer des rapports de prescription souples, conciliables avec un mode de fonctionnement participatif et collégial. Il s’agit alors pour le chercheur de permettre aux responsables de situer la communauté dans l’atteinte de ses objectifs et de s’appuyer sur leurs interprétations pour développer des actions correctives. Cet article expose une recherche menée auprès d’une communauté de pratique pilotée au sein d’un organisme de recherche et développement.
État des lieux sur les mesures en variables latentes : le cas du sentiment d’employabilité des cadres séniors du secteur privé français
Authors: Deacken Nadia , Jaotombo Franck
Published: February 2020

Cet article fait le point sur l’évolution des différents modèles de mesure à variables latentes utilisés en Sciences de Gestion. On commence par rappeler les modèles traditionnels utilisés depuis les années 1980, puis on présente les avancées les plus récentes de cette dernière décennie, notamment la redécouverte des modèles bifactoriels et le développement des modèles en équations structurelles exploratoires (ESEM). Ces deux derniers modèles représentent une généralisation du modèle traditionnel d’analyse factorielle confirmatoire (ICM CFA) et démontrent à la fois un meilleur ajustement aux données et une meilleure validité de construit (convergente, discriminante, prédictive). Ces méthodes sont ensuite illustrées par l’opérationnalisation du construit de « sentiment d’employabilité ». Le modèle traditionnel de CFA s’avère significativement être moins ajusté aux données que les modèles ESEM et présente des qualités de validité et de fiabilité bien moindres. Le résultat final donne lieu à un modèle bifactoriel ESEM comportant un facteur général intégrateur de sentiment d’employabilité et dix facteurs spécifiques, lesquels prédisent qu’un cadre sénior demandeur d’emploi a plus de chance de se sentir employable qu’un cadre sénior actif, à l’exception des facteurs de sentiment d’efficacité professionnelle et de compétences. Quelques biais théoriques et empiriques du modèle de CFA traditionnel sont ensuite évoqués, puis des implications managériales et académiques indiquées pour de futures recherches.
Socialisation organisationnelle et fidélisation des salariés : une analyse à l’épreuve des faits dans les PME camerounaises
Authors: Boubakary Ben
Published: February 2020

La socialisation des salariés dans les entreprises a déjà fait l’objet d’importants travaux de recherche. Toutefois, les connaissances sur le sujet méritent encore d’être développées. En particulier, on sait peu de choses sur l’intégration et la fidélisation des collaborateurs nouveaux et établis des PME. En se basant sur une approche qualitative exploratoire réalisée dans les PME camerounaises, nous présentons les enjeux des pratiques de socialisation sur la fidélisation des salariés. Ce travail, contribuant à enrichir les connaissances sur les pratiques de socialisation organisationnelle (SO), met en avant son rôle prépondérant à la fidélisation des salariés, garantissant ainsi une meilleure performance de l’entreprise par un maintien des talents compétents, une minimisation des coûts de recrutement et une réduction des dysfonctionnements sociaux.
Strategic sourcing: Developing a progressive framework for make-or-buy decisions
Authors: Medina-Serrano Rubén , González-Ramírez Reyes , Gasco-Gasco Jose , Llopis-Taverner Juan
Published: February 2020

Purpose: Make-or-buy decisions represent a critical dilemma faced by many firms. The appropriate decision between designing and manufacturing parts or services in-house, buying them from external providers or combining both is a fundamental firm process. This paper seeks to address this question by updating the traditional make-or-buy literature with new academic insights, developing a make-or-buy framework with a tool for its operationalisation to help managers evaluate sourcing decisions.Design/methodology/approach:  First, a literature review of the principal theories and approaches about make-or-buy decisions is discussed. Second, the development of the make-or-buy framework is described and explained based on the results of qualitative interviews with practitioners and a set of interviews of an in-firm case study. Third, the results and the implementation of the framework are outlined.Findings: Our study not only validates the proposed framework through a set of in-firm make-or-buy decisions, but also provides a structure for its implementation and design a decision matrix with a pairwise comparison tool for helping practitioners to put the framework into practice.Research limitations/implications: This paper aims to contribute to the study of the make-or-buy literature in supply chain management through the graphical representation of why and how make-or-buy decisions are made. Interestingly, the paper presents relevant dimensions and factors to be studied and evaluates possible outcomes when approaching make-or-buy decisions.Originality/value: Our results suggest that practitioners should combine this framework with a pairwise comparison matrix and a multi-criteria decision analysis based on the TOPSIS methodology to assess strategic sourcing decisions.