bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Development of the Carbocyclic Nucleoside MDL 201449A: A Tumor Necrosis Factor‐α Inhibitor.
Authors: Watson Timothy J. N. , Curran Timothy T. , Hay David A. , Shah Ramnik S. , Wenstrup David L. , Webster Mark E.
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A Practical Asymmetric Synthesis of the Antiviral Agent Lobucavir, BMS‐180194.
Authors: Singh Janak , ET AL. ET AL.
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Synthesis of 5‐Phenyliodonium Triflate Substituted Uracil Nucleosides.
Authors: Roh Kyoung Rok , Kim Joong Young , Kim Yong Hae
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Cationic Lipids from 1,2,4‐Butanetriol.
Authors: Ren Tan , Liu Dexi
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Isolation, Structural Assignment, and Synthesis of N‐(2‐Methyl‐3‐oxodecanoyl)‐2‐pyrroline, a New Natural Product from Penicillium brevicompactum with in vivo Anti‐Juvenile Hormone Activity.
Authors: Moya Pilar , Cantin Angel , Castillo Maria‐Angeles , Primo Jaime , Miranda Miguel A. , Primo‐Yufera Eduardo
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Total Synthesis of (.+‐.)‐Kadsurenin M.
Authors: Yi Wang Ming , Xin Wu An , Fu Pan Xin
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Inhibitors of DNA Polymerase β from Schoepfia californica.
Authors: Chen Jie , Zhang Yu‐Huan , Wang Li‐Kai , Sucheck Steven J. , Snow Angela M. , Hecht Sidney M.
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Concerning a Side Reaction in the Condensation of 5‐Acetoxy‐3‐chloropentanone‐2 and Thioformamide in the Synthesis of Vitamin B1.
Authors: Litvak M. M.
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Facile Entry to the Zaragozic Acids. Asymmetric Total Synthesis of 6,7‐Dideoxysqualestatin H5.
Authors: Martin Stephen F. , Naito Satoru
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: New Synthetic Route to the Highly Strained Cores of C‐1027 and Neocarzinostatin Chromophores.
Authors: Sato I. , Toyama K. , Kikuchi T. , Hirama M.
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Optically Active Juvenoids Derived from 2‐Substituted Cyclopentanol and Their Biological Activity on Tenebrio molitor.
Authors: Rejzek Martin , Wimmer Zdenek , Zarevucka Marie , Kuldova Jelena , Saman David , Vacek Miroslav
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Acremolactone A, a Novel Herbicidal Epoxydihydropyranyl γ‐Lactone from Acremonium roseum I4267.
Authors: Sassa Takeshi , Kinoshita Hiroyuki , Nukina Manabu , Sugiyama Takeyoshi
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Phyllurine, Leaf‐Opening Substance of a Nyctinastic Plant, Phyllanthus urinaria L.
Authors: Ueda Minoru , Asano Miho , Yamamura Shosuke
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: 5‐Methylflavasperone and Rhamnetin from Guiera senegalensis and Their Antioxidative and 5‐Lipoxygenase Inhibitory Activity.
Authors: Bucar F. , Resch M. , Bauer R. , Burits M. , Knauder E. , Schubert‐Zsilavecz M.
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A Facile Synthesis and Electro‐Optical Properties of New Liquid Crystals Having a vic‐Difluoro Olefinic Moiety.
Authors: Kanie Kiyoshi , Tanaka Yoichiro , Takehara Sadao , Hiyama Tamejiro
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Molecular Design of Thermotropic Liquid Crystalline Polyhydroxy Amphiphiles Exhibiting Columnar and Cubic Mesophases of the Normal Type.
Authors: Borisch Konstanze , Tschierske Carsten , Goering Petra , Diele Siegmar
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Transition Metals in Phosphinine Chemistry
Authors: Le Floch Pascal , Mathey Francois
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Syntheses with Perfluoroalkyl Radicals from Perfluoroalkyl Iodides. A Rapid Survey of Synthetic Possibilities with Emphasis on Practical Applications. Part 1. Alkenes, Alkynes, and Allylic Compounds
Authors: Brace Neal O.
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Unnatural α‐Amino Acids via Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Enamides
Authors: Burk Mark J. , Bienewald Frank
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Peptidomimetic Ligands for Src Homology‐2 Domains
Authors: Stankovic Charles J. , Plummer Mark S. , Sawyer Tomi K.
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Fused Heterocycles from Chalcones and Bifunctional Amines
Authors: Insuasty Braulio , Quiroga Jairo , Meier Herbert
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloadditions to Heterocyclic Compounds
Authors: Fisera Lubor
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A Synthetic Way to Biologically Active Heterocycles
Authors: Wamhoff Heinrich
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereospecific Hydrohalogenation Reactions of Electron‐Deficient Alkynes
Authors: Lu Xi‐Yan , Ma Sheng‐Ming
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Combinatorial Chemistry for the Generation of Molecular Diversity and the Discovery of Bioactive Leads
Authors: Fauchere Jean‐Luc , Boutin Jean A. , Henlin Jean‐Michel , Kucharczyk Nathalie , Ortuno Jean‐Claude
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Ab initio Calculations of Amino Acids and Peptides
Authors: Schafer Lothar , Newton Susan Q. , Jiang Xiaoqin
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Some Current Trends in Evolutionary Algorithm Research Exemplified by Applications in Computer‐Aided Molecular Design
Authors: Clark David E.
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: The Influence of the Carrier Gas on the Retention Parameters and the Height Equivalent to the Theoretical Plate in Gas—Solid Chromatography
Authors: Berezkin V. G. , Malyukova I. V.
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
From organizational values to mobilization of human resources
Authors: Quenneville Nadine , Bentein Kathleen , Simard Gilles
Published: June 2010

This study examines the relationship of perceived organizational values to employee mobilization behaviours as mediated by perceived organizational support (POS) and affective organizational commitment. Firstly, a scale comprising three types of perceived organizational values (interpersonal values, formal values, and individual well‐being‐centered values) was developed and validated using a sample of 580 employees. Secondly, the relationships among variables were examined using structural equations modeling on an independent sample of 260 employees. POS mediated the relationship between employees' perceptions that their organization values the individual well‐being of its members and their affective organizational commitment, which in turn mediated the relationship between POS and individual mobilization behaviours. The contributions of these findings to advancing scholarship and practice are discussed. Copyright © 2010 ASAC. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Institution and change: Possible coexistence
Authors: Gagnon Stéphanie , Séguin Francine
Published: June 2010

In this article, we present a case of institutional development in a Quebec health care center. Drawing on a qualitative and constructivist approach, we show that an institution can undergo change while maintaining its institutional nature. The strategic changes studied lead us to consider two factors needed to succeed in an institutional change. Firstly, through a specific pattern the social worlds in the hospital are mobilized according to their relative importance. Secondly, the organizational actors must draw upon their strategic and professional competence to make changes compatible with the values embodied within their institution. These factors illustrate the role of actors in institutional change. Copyright © 2010 ASAC. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Biosorption of Procion Red MX 5B by Bacillus subtilis and Its Extracellular Polysaccharide: Effect of Immobilization
Authors: Binupriya Arthur Raj , Sathishkumar Muthuswamy , Ku Chang Sub , Yun Sool Il
Published: June 2010

Bacillus subtilis and its extracellular polysaccharide (EPS) were used in free form as well as immobilized form as biosorbent for the removal of an anionic dye Procion Red MX 5B. Low pH was favourable for biosorption. Immobilization resulted in reduced biosorption of the dye. The presence of functional groups responsible for the high adsorption capacity in free cells (FC) and EPS was confirmed by FTIR analysis. High Qmax and b values were noted in the case of FC and free EPS in contrast to immobilized cells and EPS. The kinetics data showed that the adsorption system followed pseudo‐first‐order reaction at low dye concentration. Desorption of the dye was found to be 100% in 1 N NaOH. In the case of immobilized biomass and EPS the alginate was found to be unstable under high alkaline conditions of NaOH.
Underuse of colorectal cancer screening among men screened for prostate cancer
Authors: Red Sara N. , Kassan Elisabeth C. , Williams Randi M. , Penek Sofiya , Lynch John , Ahaghotu Chiledum , Taylor Kathryn L.
Published: June 2010

BACKGROUND:

Evidence suggests that colorectal cancer (CRC) screening reduces disease‐specific mortality, whereas the utility of prostate cancer screening remains uncertain. However, adherence rates for prostate cancer screening and CRC screening are very similar, with population‐based studies showing that approximately 50% of eligible US men are adherent to both tests. Among men scheduled to participate in a free prostate cancer screening program, the authors assessed the rates and correlates of CRC screening to determine the utility of this setting for addressing CRC screening nonadherence.

METHODS:

Participants (N = 331) were 50 to 70 years old with no history of prostate cancer or CRC. Men registered for free prostate cancer screening and completed a telephone interview 1 to 2 weeks before undergoing prostate cancer screening.

RESULTS:

One half of the participants who underwent free prostate cancer screening were eligible for but nonadherent to CRC screening. Importantly, 76% of the men who were nonadherent to CRC screening had a regular physician and/or health insurance, suggesting that CRC screening adherence was feasible in this group. Furthermore, multivariate analyses indicated that the only significant correlates of CRC screening adherence were having a regular physician, health insurance, and a history of prostate cancer screening.

CONCLUSIONS:

Free prostate cancer screening programs may provide a teachable moment to increase CRC screening among men who may not have the usual systemic barriers to CRC screening, at a time when they may be very receptive to cancer screening messages. In the United States, a large number of men participate in annual free prostate cancer screening programs and represent an easily accessible and untapped group that can benefit from interventions to increase CRC screening rates. Cancer 2010. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Correlation between hybrid capture II high‐risk human papillomavirus DNA test chemiluminescence intensity from cervical samples with follow‐up histologic results
Authors: Knoepp Stewart M. , Kuebler Diane L. , Wilbur David C.
Published: June 2010

BACKGROUND:

The Hybrid Capture II high‐risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) DNA test is a US Food and Drug Administration‐approved nucleic acid hybridization assay using chemiluminescence for the semiquantitative detection of hrHPV in cervical samples. Patient samples and controls are used to calculate results as negative for hrHPV if <1.0, positive for hrHPV if >2.5, and “equivocal” if between 1.0 and 2.5.

METHODS:

The authors reported on the cervical histologic results of 209 patients demonstrating “equivocal” results for hrHPV from SurePath (204 patients) or ThinPrep (5 patients) vials, and compared patients in this cohort with atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC‐US) cytology on the index cervical Papanicolaou (Pap) test (Group 1; n = 148 patients) with a patient cohort demonstrating unequivocal positive hrHPV test results (Group 2; n = 148 patients). The chemiluminescence intensity of hrHPV tests from patients in Group 2 were correlated with the presence and severity of dysplasia on subsequent histologic results, and patients were thereby stratified for their subsequent risk of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) types II/III.

RESULTS:

Approximately 97% of hrHPV tests demonstrating “equivocal” results were found to be positive at the time of retesting, and 15% of biopsied cases demonstrated CIN II or III. Results of follow‐up histology after an ASC‐US diagnosis, expressed as a percentage of the biopsied cohort, were: CIN II/III: 16.5% in Group 1 and 22.4% in Group 2; CIN I: 27% in Group 1 and 23.5% in Group 2; and negative: 56.5% in Group 1 and 54.1% in Group 2. Chemiluminescence intensity did not appear to be correlated with the severity of dysplasia.

CONCLUSIONS:

The percentage of high‐grade CIN in the “equivocal” hrHPV cohort is highly significant and therefore the management of these patients should be similar to the unequivocally positive population. After an unequivocal positive hrHPV test, the hrHPV chemiluminescence intensity does not appear to further predict the rate of high‐grade CIN. Cancer (Cancer Cytopathol) 2010. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Computational assessment of methods to analytically obtain the transient response of LTI circuits
Authors: Bachiller‐Soler Alfonso , Rosendo‐Macías José Antonio , Gómez‐Expósito Antonio
Published: June 2010

This paper reviews and compares the computational cost of several methods to analytically obtain the natural response of linear time‐invariant (LTI) circuits. In particular, the analysis is focused on three methods: eigensystem‐based procedure, Vandermonde matrix method and Lagrange interpolation formula. The computational cost of repeated solutions, in which only the initial conditions change, is also studied. Finally, the computational cost of the eigensystem‐based approach, the winner of the analytical class of methods, is compared with that of the numerical integration approach for different number of integration steps and scenarios. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Tankyrase is necessary for canonical Wnt signaling during kidney development
Authors: Karner Courtney M. , Merkel Calli E. , Dodge Michael , Ma Zhiqiang , Lu Jianming , Chen Chuo , Lum Lawrence , Carroll Thomas J.
Published: June 2010

Recent studies using small molecule antagonists have revealed that the poly(ADP‐ribose) polymerases (PARPs) Tankyrase 1 and 2 are critical regulators of canonical Wnt signaling in some cellular contexts. However, the absence of any activity during zebrafish embryogenesis suggested that the tankyrases may not be general/core components of the Wnt pathway. Here, we show that Tnks1 and 2 are broadly expressed during mouse development and are essential during kidney and lung development. In the kidney, blockage of tankyrase activity phenocopies the effect of blocking production of all Wnt ligands. Tankyrase inhibition can be rescued by activation of β‐catenin demonstrating its specificity for the Wnt pathway. In addition, treatment with tankyrase inhibitors appears to be completely reversible in some cell types. These studies suggest that the tankyrases are core components of the canonical Wnt pathway and their inhibitors should enjoy broad usage as antagonists of Wnt signaling. Developmental Dynamics 239:2014–2023, 2010 © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Synthesis, Structures, and Magnetic Properties of Two Cobalt(II) Isophthalate Coordination Polymers
Authors: Cheng Xiao‐Ning , Xue Wei , Chen Xiao‐Ming
Published: June 2010

Two new 3D coordination polymers, [Co6(μ3‐OH)2(ipa)5(H2O)5]·8H2O (1) and [Co2(ipa)2(iPrOH)0.5(H2O)0.5]·(iPrOH)0.5(H2O) (2) (H2ipa = isophthalic acid, iPrOH = 2‐propanol), were synthesized by solvothermal reactions of Co(OAc)2 and H2ipa in methanol and iPrOH, respectively. Compound 1 is a cluster‐based 3D porous framework with Co6 nodes and ipa2– linkers. Compound 2 is a chain‐based framework composed of CoII 41 helical Δ chains cross‐linked by ipa2– ligands with one‐dimensional channels in the c direction. Both 1 and 2 show spin‐canting behavior for the antiferromagnetic triangular geometry and weak long‐range ordering for the existence of guest molecules.
A Decade with Bismuth‐Based Electrodes in Electroanalysis
Authors: Švancara Ivan , Prior Chad , Hočevar Samo B. , Wang Joseph
Published: June 2010

In this article, the decade of electroanalysis with bismuth‐based electrodes is reviewed (with 222 refs.). Emphasis is put on the environmentally friendly (“green”) character of bismuth electrodes, their versatility and variability in use, as well as the actual classification of the individual types of electrodes, sensors, and detectors that utilize the unique properties of metallic bismuth. Of particular interest is the genesis of the field, when the respective activities and achievements are monitored year by year over the whole period of 2000–2009, including the circumstances of the introduction of bismuth‐coated electrodes into electrochemical stripping analysis. The review highlights all the significant milestones and break‐points that had directed the experimental work around the globe, outlining the present day's position of this lively, inspiring, and still highly prospective area. Finally, it provides a special insight into electroanalysis with bismuth electrodes through numerous surveys, summaries, and detailed statistical data obtained by analyzing the accessible literature database.
Resequencing of pooled DNA for detecting disease associations with rare variants
Authors: Wang Tao , Lin Chang‐Yun , Rohan Thomas E. , Ye Kenny
Published: June 2010

A combination of common and rare variants is thought to contribute to genetic susceptibility to complex diseases. Recently, next‐generation sequencers have greatly lowered sequencing costs, providing an opportunity to identify rare disease variants in large genetic epidemiology studies. At present, it is still expensive and time consuming to resequence large number of individual genomes. However, given that next‐generation sequencing technology can provide accurate estimates of allele frequencies from pooled DNA samples, it is possible to detect associations of rare variants using pooled DNA sequencing. Current statistical approaches to the analysis of associations with rare variants are not designed for use with pooled next‐generation sequencing data. Hence, they may not be optimal in terms of both validity and power. Therefore, we propose here a new statistical procedure to analyze the output of pooled sequencing data. The test statistic can be computed rapidly, making it feasible to test the association of a large number of variants with disease. By simulation, we compare this approach to Fisher's exact test based either on pooled or individual genotypic data. Our results demonstrate that the proposed method provides good control of the Type I error rate, while yielding substantially higher power than Fisher's exact test using pooled genotypic data for testing rare variants, and has similar or higher power than that of Fisher's exact test using individual genotypic data. Our results also provide guidelines on how various parameters of the pooled sequencing design affect the efficiency of detecting associations. Genet. Epidemiol. 34: 492–501, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Coordination of a complex welfare system case: rehabilitation entity in Finland
Authors: Miettinen Sari , Ashorn Ulla , Lehto Juhani , Viitanen Elina
Published: June 2010

The main purpose of this article is to analyse the institutional and political structures of the Finnish rehabilitation entity and the governmental efforts to improve the governance of the rehabilitation policy. Rehabilitation in Finland is a complex welfare system which has undergone several coordination attempts during the last two decades. The centrality of the coordination of this welfare system is obvious. Based on the content analysis of three Government's rehabilitation reports from 1994 to 2002 and their background papers, this article provides two main findings. First, the rehabilitation entity seems to be based on different funding strategies, different governing and different coordination models between the rehabilitation subsystems. Second, the governance discourse in the reports seems to be unchanging with a predominantly hierarchical mode. The article concludes with a discussion on the challenges to coordinate this kind of a complex welfare system as an entity and also how to overcome those challenges. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The adaptation of polar fishes to climatic changes: Structure, function and phylogeny of haemoglobin
Authors: Verde Cinzia , Giordano Daniela , di Prisco Guido
Published: June 2010

In the Antarctic, fishes of dominant suborder Notothenioidei have evolved in a unique thermal scenario. Phylogenetically related taxa of the suborder live in a wide range of latitudes, in Antarctic, sub‐Antarctic and temperate oceans. Consequently, they offer a remarkable opportunity to study the physiological and biochemical characters gained and, conversely, lost during their evolutionary history. The evolutionary perspective has also been pursued by comparative studies of some features of the heme protein devoted to O2 transport in fish living in the other polar region, the Arctic. The two polar regions differ by age and isolation. Fish living in each habitat have undergone regional constraints and fit into different evolutionary histories. The aim of this contribution is to survey the current knowledge of molecular structure, functional features, phylogeny and adaptations of the haemoglobins of fish thriving in the Antarctic, sub‐Antarctic and Arctic regions (with some excursions in the temperate latitudes), in search of insights into the convergent processes evolved in response to cooling. Current climate change may disturb adaptation, calling for strategies aimed at neutralising threats to biodiversity. © 2007 IUBMB IUBMB Life, 60(1): 29–40, 2008
Trade creation and diversion revisited: Accounting for model uncertainty and natural trading partner effects
Authors: Eicher Theo S. , Henn Christian , Papageorgiou Chris
Published: June 2010

The effect of preferential trade agreements (PTAs) on trade flows is subject to model uncertainty stemming from the diverse and even contradictory effects suggested by the theoretical PTA literature. The existing empirical literature has produced remarkably disparate results and the wide variety of empirical approaches reflects the uncertainty about the ‘correct’ set of explanatory variables that ought to be included in the analysis. To account for the model uncertainty that surrounds the validity of the competing PTA theories, we introduce Bayesian model averaging (BMA) to the PTA literature. Statistical theory shows that BMA successfully incorporates model uncertainty in linear regression analysis by minimizing the mean squared error, and by generating predictive distributions with optimal predictive performance. Once model uncertainty is addressed as part of the empirical strategy, we find strong evidence of trade creation, trade diversion, and open bloc effects. Our results are robust to a range of alternative empirical specifications proposed by the recent PTA literature. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Ni‐Cr‐Co alloy ureteral stent: Scanning electron microscopy and elemental analysis characterization after long‐term indwelling
Authors: Cauda Valentina , Fiori Cristian , Cauda Furio
Published: June 2010

We report the first preliminary study on metal‐alloy ureteral stent after long indwelling times. The aim is to analyze by physical–chemical characterization of the stent after use and to evaluate the material performance in this human in vivo case study. Six Resonance® metallic stents (Cook Ireland) were inserted in six patients for 6, 10, 11, 12, 24, and 36 months. The stents were then collected and studied by Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) and Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS), gaining information about the metal stent surface and the amount and nature of the formed encrustation. The stents were all draining adequately, despite the presence of the bacterial biofilm layer in all stents. This layer was more dense and compact as the indwelling time increased. Some slight precipitation of inorganic compounds, such as brushite and calcium oxalate was observed. No epithelial tissue in growth was recorded. These preliminary results with Resonance® metallic ureteral stents suggest the feasibility of a long‐term approach in patients with chronic ureteral obstruction. The durability of the metal stent, the lack of epithelial tissue ingrowths and limited pain or discomfort to patients were proven over long time periods. The long‐term use of these stents is therefore feasible, avoiding the continuous exchange of the stent, decreasing hospital costs and increasing the quality of life of patients affected by malignant pelvic tumors. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2010.
Effect of various sterilization methods on the bioactivity of laser ablation pseudowollastonite coating
Authors: Zuleta F. A. , Velasquez P. , De Aza P. N.
Published: June 2010

Sterilization is required for using any material or device in contact with the human body. The aim of this work was to investigate the effect of four sterilization methods (steam autoclave, hydrogen peroxide plasma, ethylene oxide, and gamma sterilization) on the surface chemistry and in vitro bioactivity of pseudowollastonite (psW) coatings in titanium alloys substrates. psW coatings in Ti‐6Al‐4V substrates obtained by laser ablation technique were sterilized and immersed in Kokubo's simulated body fluid (SBF) up to 30 days. No changes in the chemical composition were noted after sterilization. However, a Ca/P‐layer of different thickness, identified as hydroxyapatite (HA) like was developed on all the samples after soaking, although, the ethylene oxide sterilized samples present a nonhomogeneous and ∼55.9% thinner HA‐like layer. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2010.
Do proton pump inhibitors decrease calcium absorption?
Authors: Hansen Karen E , Jones Andrea N , Lindstrom Mary J , Davis Lisa A , Ziegler Toni E , Penniston Kristina L , Alvig Amy L , Shafer Martin M
Published: June 2010

Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) increase osteoporotic fracture risk presumably via hypochlorhydria and consequent reduced fractional calcium absorption (FCA). Existing studies provide conflicting information regarding the direct effects of PPIs on FCA. We evaluated the effect of PPI therapy on FCA. We recruited women at least 5 years past menopause who were not taking acid suppressants. Participants underwent three 24-hour inpatient FCA studies using the dual stable isotope method. Two FCA studies were performed 1 month apart to establish baseline calcium absorption. The third study occurred after taking omeprazole (40 mg/day) for 30 days. Each participant consumed the same foods during all FCA studies; study meals replicated subjects' dietary habits based on 7-day diet diaries. Twenty-one postmenopausal women ages 58 ± 7 years (mean ± SD) completed all study visits. Seventeen women were white, and 2 each were black and Hispanic. FCA (mean ± SD) was 20% ± 10% at visit 1, 18% ± 10% at visit 2, and 23% ± 10% following 30 ± 3 days of daily omeprazole (p = .07, ANOVA). Multiple linear regression revealed that age, gastric pH, serum omeprazole levels, adherence to omeprazole, and 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels were unrelated to changes in FCA between study visits 2 and 3. The 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 level at visit 2 was the only variable (p = .049) associated with the change in FCA between visits 2 and 3. PPI-associated hypochlorhydria does not decrease FCA following 30 days of continuous use. Future studies should focus on identifying mechanisms by which PPIs increase the risk of osteoporotic fracture. © 2010 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
A naturally occurring isoform inhibits parathyroid hormone receptor trafficking and signaling
Authors: Alonso Verónica , Ardura Juan A , Wang Bin , Sneddon W Bruce , Friedman Peter A
Published: June 2010

Parathyroid hormone (PTH) regulates calcium homeostasis and bone remodeling through its cognitive receptor (PTHR). We describe here a PTHR isoform harboring an in-frame 42-bp deletion of exon 14 (Δe14-PTHR) that encodes transmembrane domain 7. Δe14-PTHR was detected in human kidney and buccal epithelial cells. We characterized its topology, cellular localization, and signaling, as well as its interactions with PTHR. The C-terminus of the Δe14-PTHR is extracellular, and cell surface expression is strikingly reduced compared with the PTHR. Δe14-PTHR displayed impaired trafficking and accumulated in endoplasmic reticulum. Signaling and activation of cAMP and ERK by Δe14-PTHR was decreased significantly compared with PTHR. Δe14-PTHR acts as a functional dominant-negative by suppressing the action of PTHR. Cells cotransfected with both receptors exhibit markedly reduced PTHR cell membrane expression, colocalization with Δe14-PTHR in endoplasmic reticulum, and diminished cAMP activation and ERK phosphorylation in response to challenge with PTH. Δe14-PTHR forms heterodimers with PTHR, which may account for cytoplasmic retention of PTHR in the presence of Δe14-PTHR. Analysis of the PTHR heteronuclear RNA suggests that base-pair complementarity in introns surrounding exon 14 causes exon skipping and accounts for generation of the Δe14-PTHR isoform. Thus Δe14-PTHR is a poorly functional receptor that acts as a dominant-negative of PTHR trafficking and signaling and may contribute to PTH resistance. © 2011 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Mechanical induction of PGE2 in osteocytes blocks glucocorticoid-induced apoptosis through both the β-catenin and PKA pathways
Authors: Kitase Yukiko , Barragan Leonardo , Qing Hai , Kondoh Shino , Jiang Jean X , Johnson Mark L , Bonewald Lynda F
Published: June 2010

Glucocorticoids are known to induce osteocyte apoptosis, whereas mechanical loading has been shown to sustain osteocyte viability. Here we show that mechanical loading in the form of fluid-flow shear stress blocks dexamethasone-induced apoptosis of osteocyte-like cells (MLO-Y4). Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), a rapidly induced signaling molecule produced by osteocytes, was shown to be protective against dexamethasone-induced apoptosis, whereas indomethacin reversed the antiapoptotic effects of shear stress. This protective effect of shear stress was mediated through EP2 and EP4 receptors, leading to activation of the cAMP/protein kinase A signaling pathway. Activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, an inhibitor of glycogen synthesis kinase 3, also occurred, leading to the nuclear translocation of β-catenin, an important signal transducer of the Wnt signaling pathway. Both shear stress and prostaglandin increased the phosphorylation of glycogen synthesis kinase 3 α/β. Lithium chloride, an activator of the Wnt pathway, also was protective against glucocorticoid-induced apoptosis. Whereas it is known that mechanical loading increases cyclooxygenase-2 and EP2 receptor expression and prostaglandin production, dexamethasone was shown to inhibit expression of these components of the prostaglandin pathway and to reduce β-catenin protein expression. β-catenin siRNA knockdown experiments abrogated the protective effects of PGE2, confirming the central role of β-catenin in mediating the protection against dexamethasone-induced cell death. Our data support a central role for PGE2 acting through the cAMP/PKA and β-catenin signaling pathways in the protection of osteocyte apoptosis by fluid-flow shear stress. © 2010 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Estrogen receptor α36 mediates a bone-sparing effect of 17β-estrodiol in postmenopausal women
Authors: Xie Hui , Sun Mei , Liao Xiao-Bo , Yuan Ling-Qing , Sheng Zhi-Feng , Meng Ji-Cai , Wang Dan , Yu Zhi-Yong , Zhang Lei-Yi , Zhou Hou-De , Luo Xiang-Hang , Li Hui , Wu Xian-Ping , Wei Qi-You , Tang Si-Yuan , Wang Zhao-Yi , Liao Er-Yuan
Published: June 2010

Recently, a membrane-based estrogen receptor (ER), ER-α36, was identified and cloned that transduces membrane-initiated estrogen signaling such as activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (MAPK/ERK) signaling pathway. Here we show that the postmenopausal level of estradiol (E2) induces mitogenic, antiapoptotic, and antiosteogenic effects and proapoptotic effects in postmenopausal osteoblasts and osteoclasts with high levels of ER-α36 expression, respectively. We also found that ER-α36 mediated the effects of postmenopausal-level E2 on proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation of osteoblasts through transient activation of the MAPK/ERK pathway, whereas ER-α36-mediated postmenopausal-level E2 induces apoptosis of osteoclasts through prolonged activation of the MAPK/ERK pathway with the involvement of reactive oxygen species. We also show that the levels of ER-α36 expression in bone are positively associated with bone mineral density but negatively associated with bone biochemical markers in postmenopausal women. Thus the higher levels of ER-α36 expression are required for preserving bone mass in postmenopausal and menopausal women who become osteoporotic if ER-α36-mediated activities are dysregulated. © 2011 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Is it time to sell technology stocks?
Authors: Tokic Damir , Vezilic Stijepo
Published: June 2010

What's ahead for technology stocks, and the stock market as a whole? There has been an impressive rally in technology stocks since March 2009. But as we write this in April 2010, technology stocks and the stock market overall still appear to be modestly undervalued when looking at current values with respect to expected earnings for Standard & Poor's 500 companies in 2010. However, the authors believe that the government artificially inflates the earnings with various economic stimulus programs. So the stock market rally can continue‐as long as the government is able to support it. But what happens when the money runs out? And what about the risks of excessive government spending? © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
XBRL filings: What have we learned?
Authors: Weirich Thomas R. , Harrast Steven A.
Published: June 2010

In January 2009, the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) mandated the use of eXtensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL) financial statement reports. The current filing process with the SEC will undergo a major change under XBRL, but the new rules are taking effect over a three‐year phase‐in period. What lessons have we learned from the first wave of XBRL filers with the SEC? And what future planning should Phase 2 and Phase 3 companies undertake? © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Hidden costs of data storage
Authors: Sergeant Anne M. A. , Sergeant Carl S.
Published: June 2010

Companies can no longer afford to view data storage with a “save‐it‐all” mentality. The cost is prohibitive. And companies also can no longer haphazardly deal with data storage by simply doing what they have always done—because the regulatory and business environment has changed. But can firms recognize and control the critical hidden costs? © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The downturn: How CIOs and CFOs must work together
Authors: Barnier Brian G.
Published: June 2010

Great companies all deal successfully with change. In tough times, chief financial officers (CFOs) are on the hot seat. They have to cut costs. How can a chief information officer (CIO) work with his CFO to make the necessary cuts‐but at the same time protect the information technology function? © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Assessing suicide risk among callers to crisis hotlines: A confirmatory factor analysis
Authors: Witte Tracy K. , Gould Madelyn S. , Munfakh Jimmie Lou Harris , Kleinman Marjorie , Joiner Thomas E. , Kalafat John
Published: June 2010

Our goal was to investigate the factor structure of a risk assessment tool utilized by suicide hotlines and to determine the predictive validity of the obtained factors in predicting subsequent suicidal behavior. We conducted an Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), an EFA in a Confirmatory Factor Analysis (EFA/CFA) framework, and a CFA on independent subsamples derived from a total sample of 1,085. Similar to previous studies, we found consistent evidence for a two‐factor solution, with one factor representing a more pernicious form of suicide risk (i.e., Resolved Plans and Preparations; RPP) and one factor representing milder suicidal ideation (i.e., Suicidal Desire and Ideation; SDI). The RPP factor trended toward being more predictive of suicidal ideation at follow‐up than the SDI factor. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol 66:1–24, 2010.
Parental adherence to clinical recommendations in an ADHD evaluation clinic
Authors: Dreyer A. Samantha , O'Laughlin Liz , Moore Janna , Milam Zachary
Published: June 2010

The present study examined perceived barriers to parental adherence with child psychological assessment recommendations. Eighty caregivers of children referred to an attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) evaluation clinic completed a telephone interview 4 to 6 weeks after receiving evaluation feedback. Caregivers reported adherence to 81.5% of recommendations and were equally likely to engage in self‐help recommendations (i.e., information on ADHD) and those for professional‐nonpsychological services (i.e., medication consultation). Caregivers were least likely to follow through on recommendations for psychological services (e.g., parental behavior training, individual therapy for children with symptoms of anxiety/depression). Higher rather than lower levels of parenting stress were associated with greater adherence. The most commonly reported barriers were lack of time and perceptions that the child's teacher was uncooperative with implementing school‐based recommendations. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol 66:1–20, 2010.
Morphological features and clinical feasibility of thoracic duct: Detection with nonenhanced magnetic resonance imaging at 3.0 T
Authors: De‐xin Yu , Xiang‐xing Ma , Xiao‐ming Zhang , Qing Wang , Chuan‐fu Li
Published: June 2010

Purpose:

To evaluate the detection of the thoracic duct using nonenhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and to determine the influence of some related disorders on the lymphatic duct.

Materials and Methods:

Highly fluid‐sensitive sequence and fat‐suppressed T2‐weighted imaging (FS‐T2WI) were performed in a total of 139 cases. The axial and coronal images were used to locate the thoracic duct and the measurement and evaluation of its dimensions were performed using a 3D maximum intensity projection (MIP) reconstruction image. The differences in the dimensions among control, portal hypertension, and common bile duct obstruction groups were compared using one‐way analysis of variance.

Results:

The cisterna chyli was shown in 91% of cases on FS‐T2WI, while the thoracic duct appeared in 70% of the MIP images. The common configuration of the cisterna chyli was tubular or saccular in 73%. Eighty thoracic ducts had a slight turn declining to the left at the level of T8–10. There was a significant difference in the transverse diameter of the thoracic duct between the portal hypertension group and other groups (F = 5.638, P = 0.005).

Conclusion:

Nonenhanced MRI is feasible for locating and depicting the morphological features of the thoracic duct. Portal hypertension may influence the dimension of the thoracic duct. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2010;32:94–100. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.