bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigation of Ondansetron, Haloperidol, and Dexmedetomidine Efficacy for Prevention of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting In Patients with Abdominal Hysterectomy
Authors: Kamali Alireza , Ahmadi Lida , Shokrpour Maryam , Pazuki Shirin
Published: September 2018

AIM: This study was aimed to compare the effects of ondansetron, haloperidol, and dexmedetomidine for reducing postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) after laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
METHODS: This randomised clinical trial study was performed on p.patients who were candidates for abdominal hysterectomy referring to Taleghani hospital in Arak. In this study, 114 patients with abdominal hysterectomy were randomly assigned to three groups (ondansetron, haloperidol, and dexmedetomidine) using the cubull randomisation method.
RESULTS: The results revealed a significant difference between the three groups of ondansetron, haloperidol and dexmedetomidine in terms of scorpion vomiting in recovery, 2 and 4 hours after surgery, and vomiting score was significantly lower in the ondansetron group compared with the other two groups (P = 0.04; P = 0.02; P = 0.001). There was a significant difference between the three groups of e ondansetron, haloperidol and dexmedetomidine regarding the mean dose of metoclopramide in mg for 24 hours after surgery. Therefore, the dosage of dexmedetomidine in the ondansetron group was less than the other two groups (P = 0.001).
CONCLUSION: these three drugs are effective in reducing PONV in patients undergoing a hysterectomy. However, the effect of ondansetron was found to be more than the other two drugs in reducing PONV.
Tosanoides aphrodite, a new species from mesophotic coral ecosystems of St. Paul’s Rocks, Mid Atlantic Ridge (Perciformes, Serranidae, Anthiadinae)
Authors: Pinheiro Hudson T. , Rocha Claudia , Rocha Luiz A.
Published: September 2018

During a recent expedition to St. Paul’s Rocks, Atlantic Ocean, a distinctive and previously unknown species of Anthiadinae was collected at a depth of 120 m. A genetic analysis indicated the undescribed species is a member of the genus Tosanoides, which was only known to occur in the Pacific Ocean. This new taxon is distinguishable from all other Tosanoides species by the following combination of characters: soft dorsal fin rays 15–16; anal fin rays 9; ventral scale rows 9–10; last dorsal spine the longest (instead first through fourth). Here Tosanoidesaphroditesp. n. is described and illustrated, only known from St. Paul’s Rocks.
Fêtes urbaines en Afrique
Authors: Rajaonah Faranirina V.
Published: September 2018

La fête des enfants à Antananarivo au temps de la colonisation (1899-1959) Comme toute célébration officielle, la fête des enfants à Madagascar se charge d’une importante connotation politique. Il s’agit pour l’administration coloniale de divertir les sujets, de récompenser les parents d’une abondante main-d’œuvre potentielle, d’embrigader la jeunesse tout en félicitant les meilleurs élèves et de rappeler au « peuple-enfant » malgache la tutelle de la France mère-chérie. Ces aspects fondamentaux de la fête n’ont jamais changé, malgré ses métamorphoses, en particulier son évolution vers une fête des écoles, et malgré le faste plus ou moins grandiose des cérémonies, selon la période. Quoi qu’il en soit, ce fut toujours à Antananarivo que la fête a revêtu le plus d’éclat. Les diverses séquences d’une manifestation qui mobilise aussi les villages des alentours s’inscrivent dans des espaces d’une capitale que l’administration a tenu à investir ou à restructurer. Ainsi, la fête, offerte aux Malgaches, donne l’occasion de mettre en valeur les nouveaux lieux du pouvoir et les réussites urbanistiques. Le gouvernement de Léon Cayla (1930-1939) qui voit l’aménagement, au cœur d’Antananarivo, d’une grande perspective ponctuée par une série de symboles de la présence française, reste, dans la mémoire collective et dans la réalité, la belle époque de la fête des enfants, célébration des parents à la nombreuse progéniture bien portante et du parent par excellence qu’est le Gouverneur général. Effectivement, à la différence du quatorze juillet, cette manifestation est plus en l’honneur du chef de la colonie que de la France. A la différence également du quatorze juillet, elle n’a pas fait l’objet de la part des Malgaches d’une appropriation dans des célébrations privées. La fête des enfants a surtout signifié pour les adultes une obligation : faire en sorte que, via leurs enfants, leur circonscription administrative soit dignement représentée dans le défilé qui met en compétition les cantons. Au lendemain de la fête, seuls les excellents élèves vivent encore dans l’euphorie d’un exceptionnel après-midi passé au « paradis des enfants sages », les jardins de la résidence du Gouverneur général, puis du Haut-Commissaire.
Fêtes urbaines en Afrique
Authors: Coquery-Vidrovitch Catherine
Published: September 2018

Les célébrations de commémoration qui se sont multipliées en France depuis le bicentenaire de la Révolution ont été utilisées en Afrique francophone dès la colonisation. On distingue trois étapes. La première correspondit à la glorification de l’entreprise coloniale, à l’image du modèle français de l’exposition coloniale. Des cérémonies furent orchestrées par les autorités locales, en particulier le 14 juillet. Ces fêtes coloniales étaient urbaines, à la différence des fêtes villageoises dites « traditionnelles » laissées aux « indigènes ». Dans un deuxième temps, on chercha à impliquer les colonisés, en particulier les vieux et les enfants des écoles. Le mouvement fut initié par le gouvernement de Vichy à l’occasion de la fête de Jeanne d’Arc. Dans l’Afrique indépendante, et depuis les Fêtes de l’indépendance, les fêtes commémoratives, fréquentes et significatives, sont désormais intégrées à la vie politique. Elles visent des objectifs multiples, comme le démontre l’exemple de la Fête du Centenaire de l’Histoire de l’AOF. Comme naguère en métropole, ce sont des fêtes à la fois manipulées et manipulatrices, mais aussi révélatrices de contaminations culturelles et politiques multiples.
Fêtes urbaines en Afrique
Authors: Martin Denis-Constant
Published: September 2018

Depuis la fin du XIX e siècle, la communauté dite « métisse » du Cap (Afrique du Sud) célèbre le nouvel an par des marches de rues, des compétitions de troupes costumées et des concours de chant. Des éléments empruntés aux Black Face Minstrels américains se sont progressivement imposés comme cadre dominant de l’esthétique du Coon Carnival. Ces fêtes, dont les principales caractéristiques sont identiques à celles de nombreux autres carnavals à travers le monde, ont survécu à la commercialisation comme aux manipulations opérées par les tenants de l’apartheid. La symbolique du carnaval des Coons, sa survie en dépit de tout en ont fait un emblème sous lequel se sont exprimées des conceptions opposées de l’« identité » métisse : totalement dépendante de la culture blanche pour les racistes ; solidaire, créative, moderne pour la très grande majorité des participants au carnaval. L’ambivalence de la figure du Coon permet de mieux comprendre la complexité des attitudes qu’engendre la « nouvelle Afrique du Sud » dans une large partie de la communauté métisse de la province du Cap occidental.
Les défis de la relation changement-transformation dans l’environnement universitaire roumain
Authors: Burlea-Schiopoiu Adriana , Baloi Ionut Cosmin
Published: September 2018

L’objectif de notre article est d’aborder d’une manière critique la relation changement-transformation dans l’environnement universitaire roumain et d’analyser le niveau d’optimisation des méthodes et des outils de gestion dans le contexte national actuel. Notre étude consiste dans une recherche qualitative menée au sein de la communauté académique de l’Université de Craiova, tant au niveau des départements qu’au niveau du leadership. Le but de cette approche est de déterminer comment les enseignants perçoivent, acceptent et soutiennent la transformation. Cette approche permet également d’élaborer une série de recommandations pour rendre plus efficace la relation changement-transformation dans l’environnement universitaire roumain qui apparemment semble souffrir d’un blocage intrinsèque. La double approche de la relation changement-transformation renvoie, d’une part, à l’analyse critique des attitudes du personnel enseignant et des fonctions dirigeantes envers ce processus et, d’autre part, à l’évaluation des outils de gestion que l’université utilise dans ce processus. Les résultats de notre recherche indiquent que l’absence d’une vision intégrative de la relation entre le changement et la transformation a des effets négatifs sur les attitudes et les comportements des enseignants. Le manque de direction et des directives pour la transformation au niveau universitaire a de multiples causes à la fois législatives et organisationnelles. Cette carence a un impact négatif sur la capacité de transformation de l’université et sur la motivation intrinsèque des enseignants. Le principal inconvénient de notre étude est que la recherche a été menée exclusivement dans une université roumaine. En revanche, cela ne constitue pas un obstacle à l’extrapolation des résultats de la recherche à l’ensemble de l’environnement académique roumain. Nous avons utilisé une approche intégrative de deux systèmes, en prenant en considération les éléments positifs du passé (les éléments du changement) et les éléments innovants du futur (éléments de transformation). L’originalité et la valeur de notre étude résident dans l’approche critique du processus de changement-transformation, il constitue une contribution à la littérature consacrée au sujet. Cette étude est complétée par les recommandations et les trajectoires d’action pour comprendre le processus de changement et intégrer la transformation dans la stratégie générale de l’université.
Adsorption of Heavy Metals Using γ-PGA Produced by Bacillus pumilus
Authors: Liu Wei Feng , Li Xue Wei , Dong Wen Bo , Bo Le , Zhu Yi Min , Zhang Ling Hua
Published: September 2018

Poly-γ-glutamic acid (γ-PGA) produced by Bacillus pumilus C2 was employed to remove heavy metals from sewage of magnesium - based exhaust gas cleaning system (Mg-EGCS). The components of heavy metals in the sewage were detailed analyzed. On the base of the analytical results, the effects of addition amount of γ-PGA, adsorption time, temperature and NaCl concentration on the removal efficiency of typical heavy metals were further investigated. The optimal removal rates of heavy metals were obtained at the γ-PGA dosage of 9 g/L and adsorption duration of 30 min. The γ-PGA had excellent tolerance for high temperatures up to 80°C and exhibited steady heavy metal removal efficiency in NaCl concentrations of 0 – 24%. Under the optimal conditions, the removal rates of Zn, Cr, V, Cd, Pb and Ni by γ-PGA in a real sewage of Mg-EGCS achieved 53.6%, 100%, 49.2%, 72.7%, 33.7% and 39.9% respectively.
The Preparation and Performance of the Cement-Based Concrete 3D Printing Materials
Authors: Zhu Yun , Wen Chao Kai , Xu Guo Dong , Liu Dong , Chen Jing
Published: September 2018

To reach the goal that 3D printing equipment requires and cost saving, this study used the ordinary Portland cement, mineral powder, accelerating agent and the other compound admixtures to prepare the cement-based concrete materials. The mix design, the kind and amount of accelerating agent and the dosage of compound adjusting retarders were studied to research the workability, viscosity and plasticity of the cement-based concrete materials. Facts proved that its performance are all good. And the setting time of that is adjustable of gradient form, which the range of the initial is 10-40mins and the final is 15-80mins. And the material is used to print a few simple fancy goods, which looks good, for flowerpot with roundness and square, penta-five pentagon and so on. It reflects that the speed is so far and controlled, the appearance looks knitted and layered.
Cold Sprayed Additive Manufacturing of SiC/Al Metal Matrix Composite: Synthesis, Microstructure, Heat Treatment and Tensile Properties
Authors: Gyansah L. , Tariq N.H. , Tang J.R. , Qiu X. , Gao J.Z. , Wang J.Q. , Xiong T.Y.
Published: September 2018

In this study, cold spray technique was used as a solid-state additive manufacturing route to deposit a 5 mm thick SiC /Al metal matrix composite. Microstructure and tensile properties were analyzed via different heat treatment conditions (200 oC, 300 oC, 400 oC and 500 oC). Microstructure evolutions were characterized via scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and energy-disperse X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), whilst mechanical properties were investigated via micro-tensile and hardness tests. It was established that the as-sprayed deposit fractured in a brittle manner and had appreciable tensile strength (85 MPa) mainly associated with intensive work hardening effect. At heat treatment conditions, tensile strength (104 MPa) and plasticity (1.5 %-5.2 %) were enhanced due to coarsening of pure Al splat through recrystallization-recovery-grain growth mechanisms. The splat size which controls strength changes from 30.9 ± 2.6 μm to 40.9 ± 4.8 μm, an appreciation of 32 % as heat treatment temperature increased. The main fracture mode at the heat treatment state was a ductile fracture. For plastically deformed splats, the flattening ratios (FR) revealed the top (1.5), middle (1.9) and near interfacial regions (2.2) due to peening effect of SiC particles. The Young moduli were in agreement with the experimental results.
Thermal behaviour of green façades in summer
Authors: Blanco Ileana , Schettini Evelia , Scarascia Mugnozza Giacomo , Vox Giuliano
Published: September 2018

Building greenery systems can represent a sustainable solution for new buildings design and for existing buildings retrofitting, in order to improve the thermal energy performance of buildings, to decrease building energy loads and to contrast the Urban Heat Island. Green façades can influence thermal properties of a building by means of different important mechanisms: the shading, the cooling, the insulating and the wind barrier effect. Moreover, green façades accomplish heating effect in the cold season and at nighttime. An experimental test was developed at small scale at the University of Bari (Italy) from 2014 to 2016 for testing two different green façades. The plant species chosen were Pandorea jasminoides variegated and Rhyncospermum jasminoides, two evergreen climbing plants. A third uncovered wall was used as control. The thermal behaviour of the plants was analysed during the 2016 summer season, by keeping in consideration the external surface temperature of the building and the temperature of the airgap behind the green vertical systems. The daylight temperatures observed on the plant-covered walls during representative days were lower than the respective temperatures of the uncovered wall up to 7.0°C. During nighttime, the temperatures behind the plants were higher than the respective temperatures of the control wall up to 2.2°C. The results shown in the present research allow delineating the behaviour of the two plant species during summer in the Mediterranean climate region.
’n Christosentriese besinning oor ‘Israëlisme’
Authors: La Grange Du Toit Philip
Published: September 2018

No abstract available.
Die ontwikkeling van [ʃ] in Afrikaans
Authors: Wissing Daniel P.
Published: September 2018

The development of [ʃ] in Afrikaans. This is a follow-up study on a seemingly recent development of the consonant system of Afrikaans that Wissing, Pienaar and Van Niekerk (2015) reported on. They show that the voiceless alveolar fricative /s/ is produced as the [ʃ], a voiceless postalveolar or alveopalatal fricative when immediately following the rhotic /r/, but as [s] in contexts other than this. To establish whether this phenomenon is characteristic of present-day Afrikaans in contrast to the pronunciation of previous generations, a survey was conducted in which the readings of news bulletins by two groups of radio presenters were analysed regarding their acoustic properties. These groups are representative of two generations of Afrikaans speakers, characterised as Oud [Old] and Jonk [Young]. Apart from the fact that the reading by Oud were recorded one to two decades ago (2000–2006), and those by Jonk during 2017, the average ages of these groups were at the time of recording 29 years for Jonk, and 50 years for Oud. A significant difference between the acoustic properties of the fricative /s/ following /r/ of these two groups was found. More specifically, Jonk, unlike Oud, clearly produced this phoneme as [ʃ]. This shows that notable sound shifts might happen within a relatively short time span. The article is concluded by considering a possible explanation of this recent phenomenon within the realm of theories of internal sound change.
Genome-wide differentially methylated genes associated with post-traumatic stress disorder in female rape survivors
Authors: Nöthling Jani , Seedat Soraya , Abrahams Naeemah , Hemmings Sian
Published: September 2018

Introduction: Alterations to the epigenome in response to psychological trauma have been reported as a mechanism mediating gene and environmental interaction. Differentially methylated genes involved in the biological pathways associated with the adverse phenotypic behavioural presentations in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have previously been identified. However, the majority of studies have focussed on differential methylation of single candidate genes in participants exposed to heterogeneous index traumas. The objective of this study was to identify genome-wide differences in methylation profiles of a group of women exposed to rape, with and without PTSD.Methods: Female isiZulu participants (n = 48) between 18 and 40 years of age, who reported an incident of rape within the previous 20 days, were recruited from three Thuthuzela care centres and a crisis clinic in Durban, KwaZulu-Natal. Rape-exposed participants with and without PTSD were matched on HIV status, age, childhood maltreatment and other lifetime trauma exposure, body mass index and smoking status. DNA was extracted from peripheral blood and analysed using the Illumina Epic BeadChip microarray. Logistic regression models, adjusting for multiple comparisons, were used to identify differentially methylated genes in participants with and without PTSD at 3 months post-rape.Results: Four hundred twenty-three differentially methylated genomic regions were associated with PTSD status. Paired Box 8 (PAX8), encompassing eight CpG sites (p = 9.14E-20 and Zinc Finger Protein 57 [ZFP57]) and 19 CpG sites (p = 4.84E-18) were among the top 20 genomic regions significantly associated with PTSD in this data set, which were previously found to be associated with PTSD in other traumatised cohorts.Conclusion: PAX8 may be involved in PTSD symptoms related to sleeping difficulties and ZFP57 is believed to be involved in susceptibility to stress governed by differential methylation in hippocampal cells. This is the first study, to our knowledge, to investigate genome-wide profiles of women exposed to rape in Africa. Confirmation of these findings will require replication in larger cohorts.
Рациональные выражения для кратных корней алгебраических уравнений
Authors: Antipova Irina Avgustovna , Mikhalkin Evgenii Nikolaevich , Tsikh Avgust Karlovich
Published: September 2018

Рассматривается общий многочлен с переменными коэффициентами. В терминах результантов многочлена и его производных получены простые рациональные выражения от коэффициентов для кратных корней многочлена. Аналогичные результаты распространяются для систем $n$ полиномиальных уравнений от $n$ неизвестных. Обоснования полученных формул кратных корней базируются на использовании свойств логарифмического отображения Гаусса для дискриминантного множества системы уравнений и процедуры линеаризации системы. Полученные формулы представляют интерес не только в теоретическом аспекте алгебры многочленов, но также в вычислительной математике и в различных разделах прикладной математики, связанных с нахождением критических точек полиномиальных отображений.
Библиография: 20 названий.
Универсальные ряды и подпоследовательности функций
Authors: Tetunashvili Shakro Tengizovich
Published: September 2018

Установлены необходимые и достаточные условия существования универсальных рядов по любым системам измеримых функций. Доказано также, что если существует универсальный ряд по системе $\Phi$, то существует универсальный ряд по этой системе такой, что для любой измеримой функции $f(x)$ найдется сходящаяся почти всюду к $f(x)$ подпоследовательность частных сумм $S_{m_k}(x)$ такая, что верхняя плотность подпоследовательностей индексов $(m_k)_{k=1}^{\infty}$ равна $1$. Вопросы плотности $(m_k)_{k=1}^{\infty}$ изучены и для общих сходящихся почти всюду подпоследовательностей измеримых функций $(U_{m_k}(x))_{k=1}^{\infty}$.
Библиография: 7 названий.
О дискретных значениях билинейных форм
Authors: Iosevich Alexander , Roche-Newton Oliver , Rudnev Mikhail Konstantinovich
Published: September 2018

Пусть $\omega$ - невырожденная кососимметрическая билинейная форма на вещественной плоскости. Показано, что для конечного множества точек $P\subset \mathbb R^2\setminus\{0\}$ множество $T_\omega(P)$ ненулевых значений формы $\omega$ на $P\times P$ либо пусто, либо обладает мощностью $\Omega(N^{96/137})$.
В специальном случае $P=A\times A$, где $A$ - множество из двух или более вещественных чисел, установлены следующие оценки мощности множеств сумм произведений, соответствующих симметрической или кососимметрической форме $\omega$:
$$
|AA+ AA|= \Omega(|A|^{19/12}),
\qquad
|AA-AA|= \Omega( \frac{|A|^{49/32}}{\log^{3/32}|A|}).
$$
Эти оценки являются улучшениями стандартных оценок вида $\Omega(N^{2/3})$ и $\Omega(|A|^{3/2})$, следующих непосредственно из теоремы Семереди-Троттера.
Библиография: 28 названий.
Heartland Virus Exposure in White-Tailed Deer in the Southeastern United States, 2001–2015
Authors: Clarke Lorelei L. , Ruder Mark G. , Mead Daniel G. , Howerth Elizabeth W.
Published: September 2018

Heartland virus (HRTV) is a North American phlebovirus suspected to be transmitted by the lone star tick Amblyomma americanum. White-tailed deer (WTD) have been shown to develop HRTV-neutralizing antibodies following experimental infection. To further define the geographic distribution of HRTV through retrospective sampling of WTD, sera from the WTD herd health serum archive at the Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study between 2001 and 2015 were analyzed using serum neutralization. Of 783 serum samples tested, 57 (7.3%) were positive for HRTV-neutralizing antibodies. Deer with moderate to heavy tick burdens were more likely seropositive. Seropositive samples were obtained from deer originating from states with documented human cases of HRTV-associated disease. Seropositive samples were identified from years before the recognition of the first human case in 2009. Overall, this study indicates that WTD in the southeastern United States have been exposed to HRTV as early as 2001 and that the presence of seropositive animals corresponds roughly with reported human HRTV-associated disease.
Simulation-Based Training in Brain Death Determination Incorporating Family Discussion
Authors: Douglas Preston , Goldschmidt Carolyn , McCoyd Matthew , Schneck Michael
Published: September 2018

Background 

Good medical care relies on communication as much as technical expertise, yet physicians often overestimate the efficacy of their patient communication skills. Teaching communication skills can be cost- and time-intensive, and efforts have rarely focused on challenging situations, such as conveying the news of a patient's brain death to a family member.

Objective 

We developed a resource-sensitive simulation program to teach residents how to diagnose brain death and how to show empathy in discussing the diagnosis with the patient's family.

Methods 

From 2015 to 2017, 3 cohorts of incoming neurology residents participated in the 3-day training exercise. The 2-hour preintervention assessment involved making the diagnosis of brain death and sharing the news with an actor portraying the patient's family member. The scoring via checklists consisted of 15 clinical skills, 9 apnea test–related skills, and 37 verbal skills related to family discussion. The 5-hour didactic intervention focused on technical aspects of the brain death examination and lessons in communication with role-playing. The 2-hour postintervention assessment repeated the brain death examination and family discussion simulations. Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed rank test.

Results 

A total of 18 residents (100%) were assessed, with significant differences between preintervention and postintervention testing across all areas, including clinical assessment (45%–76%, P < .001), apnea testing (57%–92%, P < .001), and verbal communication (46%–73%, P < .001).

Conclusions 

The findings suggest a benefit in simulation training for brain death examination, apnea testing, and the subsequent family discussion regarding the patient's diagnosis.
Del Transe de Kahlo, pasando por el Transito de Obregón, hasta llegar a lo Transitorio de Do Amaral
Authors: Ramírez Peña Natalia Vanessa
Published: September 2018

El presente artículo busca a grandes rasgos, dar razón de algunos de los ejes temáticos abordados en la investigación de maestría titulada Tarsila Do Amaral y Frida Kahlo: Percepciones del surrealismo Latinoamericano, realizada en la Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (Brasil) y cuyo desenvolvimiento permite discernir acerca del modo en que los pintores Latinoamericanos suelen reaccionar a los cambios pictóricos, tanto en forma como en contenido, a fin de generar algún tipo de contribución en lo que respecta a las estéticas en ocasiones locales y/o continentales. Para ello se hizo indispensable generar reflexiones a partir de los textos incluidos en el libro Artes plásticas na América Latina: do transe ao Transitório; elementos teóricos claves a la hora de comprender los términos propuestos por el brasilero Frederico Morais (Trance, Tránsito y Transitorio) con el propósito de recoger los rasgos representativos de la pintura de América Latina, sin que ello implique una totalización o jerarquización de los mismos. En aras de ejemplificar dichas primicias son traídas a colación obras de Frida Kahlo, Tarsila do Amaral y Alejandro Obregón, teniendo en cuenta sus estilos y variaciones a lo largo del tiempo.
Meteor echo height ceiling effect and mesospheric temperature estimation from meteor radar observations
Authors: Lee Changsup , Jee Geonhwa , Kim Jeong-Han , Song In-Sun
Published: September 2018

Abstract. The
mesospheric temperature estimation from meteor height distribution is
reevaluated by using the Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband Emission
Radiometry (SABER) and the King Sejong Station (KSS) meteor radar observations. It
is found that the experimentally determined proportionality constant between
the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the meteor height distribution and
temperature is in remarkable agreement with theoretical value derived from
the physics-based equation and it is nearly time-invariant for the entire
observation period of 2012–2016. Furthermore, for the first time we found that the FWHM
provides the best estimate of temperature at slightly lower height than the
meteor peak height (MPH) by about 2–3 km. This is related to the asymmetric
distribution of meteor echoes around MPH, which is known to be caused by the
meteor echo height ceiling effect (MHC). At higher altitude above MPH, the
meteor detection rate is greatly reduced due to the MHC, and the cutoff height
for this reduction follows a fixed molecular mean free path of the background
atmosphere. This result indicates that the meteor height distribution can be
used to estimate the mesospheric temperature, even under the asymmetric meteor
echo distribution caused by the MHC at high altitude.
Fine-grained quartz from cryoconite holes of the Russell Glacier, southwest Greenland – a scanning electron microscopy study
Authors: Kalińska-Nartiša Edyta , Lamsters Kristaps , Karušs Jānis , Krievāns Māris , Rečs Agnis , Meija Raimonds
Published: September 2018

The western ablation zone of the Greenland ice sheet is darker than the surrounding ice, because a higher amount of fine-grained particles, known as a cryoconite, occur. To date, biotic cryoconite components have gained a lot of attention, in contrast with mineral components, which have been studied to a limited extent. In this study, fine-grained quartz grains from the cryoconite holes of the Russell Glacier, southwest Greenland are, therefore, examined. Authors use scanning electron microscope to elucidate shape, surface character and origin of these mineral quartz particles. Triangular-faceted, sharp-edged grains dominate in most of the investigated samples, and originate from local sources, where grain-to-grain contact in the ice prevail. Grains with smooth corners and edges result from chemical weathering in meltwater of alkaline pH, in which quartz solubility significantly increases. However, part of these rounded grains is due to mechanical abrasion by wind action. Postsedimentary frost action is visible through grains entirely or partially covered by scaly-grained encrustation. Local processes and sources are largely responsible for aforementioned grain outlines. However, few grains with bulbous silica precipitation argue for a dry and warm climate, and distant, out-of-Greenland origin.
Sea surface temperature variations in the south-eastern BalticSea in 1960–2015
Authors: Rukšėnienė Viktorija , Dailidienė Inga , Kelpšaitė-Rimkienė Loreta , Soomere Tarmo
Published: September 2018

This study focuses on time scales and spatial variations of interrelations between average weather conditions and sea surface temperature (SST), and long-term changes in the SST in south-eastern Baltic Sea. The analysis relies on SST samples measured in situ four times a year in up to 17 open sea monitoring stations in Lithuanian waters in 1960–2015. A joint application of non-metric multi-dimensional scaling and cluster analysis reveals four distinct SST regimes and associated sub-regions in the study area. The increase in SST has occurred during both winter and summer seasons in 1960–2015 whereas the switch from relatively warm summer to colder autumn temperatures has been shifted by 4–6 weeks over this time in all sub-regions. The annual average air temperature and SST have increased by 0.03°C yr–1 and 0.02°C yr–1, respectively, from 1960 till 2015. These data are compared with air temperatures measured in coastal meteorological stations and averaged over time intervals from 1 to 9 weeks. Statistically significant positive correlation exists between the SST and the average air temperature. This correlation is strongest for the averaging interval of 35 days.
IN MEMORIAM. Farewell to Professor Emelyan Mikhailovich Emelyanov (November 7, 1934 – October 2, 2017)
Authors: Sivkov Vadim , Paka Vadim , Pustelnikovas Olegas
Published: September 2018

IN MEMORIAM
La participación política de la niñez zapatista en Chiapas. Enseñanza y aprendizaje de la organización y la resistencia indígena
Authors: Rico Montoya Angélica , Corona Caraveo Yolanda , Nuñez Patiño Katia
Published: September 2018

En este artículo se dan a conocer algunas de las formas específicas de participación y agencia de niñas y niños de comunidades indígenas zapatistas que viven bajo el contexto de contrainsurgencia que se ha estado desarrollando en el sureste mexicano durante los últimos 20 años.  Iniciamos con una reflexión acerca de los términos de ciudadanía y participación en cuanto a la pertinencia para abordar el tema que nos ocupa, para plantear posteriormente la importancia de reconocer la complejidad de las situaciones que están viviendo estas niñas y niños, así como la relevancia de tomar en cuenta –más que las diferencias etarias- la pertenencia étnica y las relaciones asimétricas de poder vinculadas con los temas de identidad y resistencia dentro de su propio contexto cultural. Exponemos finalmente algunos ejemplos y testimonios sobre la participación de niñas y niños en tres contextos: el de la familia, el de la escuela y el de la comunidad, para finalizar con un análisis de la participación política de las niñas y los niños en la resistencia zapatista.
Protagonismo infantil en la escuela. Las relaciones pedagógicas en la construcción de ciudadanía
Authors: Lay-Lisboa Siu , Araya-Bolvarán Evelyn , Marabolí-Garay Camila , Olivero-Tapia Gabriela , Santander-Andrade Carolina
Published: September 2018

Entendemos que la escuela como espacio institucional, cumple un rol fundamental en la provisión del derecho a la educación de niños, niñas y adolescentes. En este espacio se (re)producen e intercambian saberes y relaciones de poder-saber entre docentes y estudiantes mediante relaciones pedagógicas. Este estudio busca comprender desde una metodología cualitativa, cómo se articulan los discursos de docentes y estudiantes en esta (re)producción. Las dimensiones de análisis son, Relaciones Pedagógicas, Protagonismo Infantil, y Ciudadanía en el contexto escolar. Participaron del estudio estudiantes y docentes, donde, de acuerdo a una metodología cualitativa se realizaron grupos de discusión y técnicas dialécticas participativas con niños y niñas de 10 y 11 años, y entrevistas a los/as docentes, todo/as pertenecientes a una escuela pública en Chile. Los resultados dan cuenta que en la escuela, el ejercicio del Protagonismo Infantil se vincula principalmente al espacio intra-aular, extendiendo y amplificando su forma academicista de participación al espacio extra-aular donde coexisten (im)posibilidades que facilitan y/u obstaculizan la expresión del Protagonismo Infantil. Se distinguen 3 figuras docentes que expresan de relaciones pedagógicas diferenciadas: motivadores/as, afectivos/as y disciplinarios/as. Las formas de ciudadanía se (re)produciría en espacios infantilizados, donde la niñez es concebida desde una moratoria social. Se discute acerca de la recursividad del paradigma adultocéntrico, el pseudo-protagonismo y su articulación con el ejercicio de ciudadanía.
Cien años “Declaración de los Derechos del Niño y la Niña de Moscú”. Una memoria
Authors: Liebel Manfred
Published: September 2018

Han pasado cien años desde que, en el contexto de la Revolución Rusa de Octubre de 1917, surgió una Declaración sobre los Derechos de los Niños y las Niñas que representa la existencia de una corriente emancipadora en la historia de los derechos de la niñez. Esta Declaración iba mucho más lejos de todo lo que hasta aquel momento se había entendido como derechos de la infancia en Europa y más allá, y todavía hoy en día puede proporcionar algún estímulo. Elaborado por educadores comprometidos, no es un documento de los propios niños y niñas, pero representa una posición que podría haber ayudado a dar más peso a sus propias voces y puntos de vista. A continuación presentamos el texto completo de la Declaración, cuyo título original fue Deklaracija prav rebenka.
New challenges in the improvement of the citizen participation processes of the urban management. Social innovation challenges
Authors:   Departamento de Economía Financiera II, Facultad de Economía y Empresa, C/ Comandante Izarduy 23, 01006, Vitoria-Gasteiz (España). david.garciac@ehu.eus, García Castro David , De Elizagarate Gutierrez Victoria ,   Departamento de Economía Financiera II, Facultad de Economía y Empresa, Plaza Oñati 1, 20008, Donostia- San Sebastián (España). victoria.elizagarate@ehu.eus, Kazak Jan ,   Departmento de Economía Espacial, Wroclaw Universtity of Enviromental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50- 375 Wrocław (Polonia). jan.kazak@up.wroc.pl, Szewranski Szymon ,   Departmento de Economía Espacial, Wroclaw Universtity of Enviromental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50- 375 Wrocław (Polonia). szymon.szewranski@up.wroc.pl, Kaczmarek Iwona ,   Departmento de Economía Espacial, Wroclaw Universtity of Enviromental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50- 375 Wrocław (Polonia). iwona.kaczmarek@up.wroc.pl, Wang Tong ,   Departamento de Espacio Urbano, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven (Netherlands). t.wang@tue.nl
Published: September 2018

Cities face a great number of challenges nowadays, in order to guarantee their appeal and quality of life of their citizens. It’s therefore fundamental to improve decision making processes, incorporating public opinion to them. Thus, citizen participation is a tool that clearly improves local governance and the decision-making process, as it allows policy makers to know first-hand their needs, demands and ideas. Nevertheless, the advantages of consulting the public on crucial issues are counterbalanced by many difficulties in managing the participation processes. Mainly due to the fact that participants in these processes, are not often aware of the economic, social and environmental implications of their decisions. The incorporation of new technologies in the decision-making process, can clearly help to overcome these difficulties. A software can display in real time the effect of the changes to the public space, under different variables and quality of life indexes. This research, through the incorporation of a software that helps in the space decision making to various group dynamics, analyses the usage of public participation and its effect.
Comparative Study Between Budgeted and Actual Total Revenue, Total Expenditure of Sri Lanka
Authors: Anojan V. , Nimalathasan B.
Published: September 2018

The main aim of this study is to find out mean difference between budgeted total revenue, expenditure and actual total revenue and expenditure of Sri Lanka from 2005 to 2017. Budget deficit is a major problem in Sri Lanka. Budget deficit of the country is increasing in every year. Every country is trying to reduce the budget deficit and it has budget as key controlling tool. If any country is unable to meet its budget for continuous and longer period of time, it will create vital economic problem for that country. According to annual report of Sri Lanka (2017), Sri Lanka had actual total revenue lower than budgeted total revenue as well as Sri Lanka had actual total expenditure lower than budgeted total expenditure. Budgeted revenue and actual revenue were as respectively LKR 1,913,650 and 1,845,017 million. Further budgeted expenditure and actual expenditure were as respectively LKR 2,962,211 and 2,603,105 million. Data of this study has been analyzed by using many statistical tools such as mean, standard deviation and independent samples t-test. The statistical results of this study reveals that there is no significant mean difference between budgeted revenue, expense and actual revenue, expense of Sri Lanka from 2005 to 2017. Sri Lanka had tax revenue, non-tax revenue and total revenue more than budget in 2007. Sri Lanka did not meet the budgeted revenue and expense during 2005 to 2017.
Efeito de diferentes reatores de plasma não térmico na descontaminação fúngica em ração extrusada para cães naturalmente contaminadas
Authors: Silva Juliana Regina , Cubas Anelise Leal Vieira , Moecke Elisa Helena , Scussel Vildes Maria
Published: September 2018

Foi analisado o efeito de diferentes reatores de plasma não térmico (PNT) na descontaminação fúngica em ração extrusada para cães. Foram analisados alimentos comerciais extrusados para cães contaminados naturalmente. As amostras foram divididas em quatro grupos para o estudo do efeito PNT. Três grupos de tratamento (um para cada reator) e um grupo controle (sem PNT). As amostras passaram por 10 min de tratamento a uma tensão de 4,5 Kv em corrente alternada. Após 7 dias de incubação não foram observados crescimento fúngico nas rações tratadas, independentemente do tipo de reator. O plasma não térmico é capaz de inativar fungos em rações extrusadas para cães naturalmente contaminadas. Os três tipos de reatores foram eficazes para a descontaminação desse alimento.
Absorção de lipídeos por extrusados secos com diferentes temperaturas na última zona do secador
Authors: Conceição dos Santos Marley , Bill Kaelle Gislaine Cristina , Stadnik Komarcheuski Alina , Silvino Bastos Taís , Portella Felix Ananda , Ribeiro Silva Juarez
Published: September 2018

A etapa de recobrimento de líquidos, além de outras funções, confere acabamento ao extrusado. Objetivou-se avaliar o grau de absorção de lipídeos sob diferentes temperaturas, mensuradas após sua saída do secador. A análise iniciou com temperatura em 48ºC, subindo gradativamente 1ºC até atingir 58ºC, totalizando 11 tratamentos (n=10). Houve aumento linear da absorção de lipídeos com o acréscimo na temperatura (P<0,05). Em conclusão, o acréscimo da temperatura do extrusado aumenta a absorção de gorduras no recobrimento.
Efeito do armazenamento em câmara climática sobre a conservação de dietas para cães com diferentes tamanhos de extrusado e locais de inclusão de gordura
Authors: Barros Emily Matsunaga , Lima Daniele , Santos Marley , Souza Camilla , Carneiro Nayara , Oliveira Simone
Published: September 2018

Objetivou-se relacionar o tamanho de extrusado e a aplicação de gordura no condicionador ou recobrimento com a conservação de alimentos extrusados para cães, armazenados em câmara climática. Avaliaram-se dietas de mesma formulação, sendo: extrusado pequeno (PQ) com aplicação da metade da gordura no condicionador (CO) (PQCO); PQ com aplicação total da gordura no recobrimento (RE) (PQRE); extrusado grande (GR) com CO (GRCO) e GRRE. As dietas foram armazenadas em câmara climática com temperatura e umidade relativa do ar (URA) controladas por 20 semanas. Foram efetuadas análises de atividade de água (Aa), índice de peróxido (IP), umidade (UM), acidez, micotoxinas e colonização fúngica.  Os dados foram submetidos a análise de regressão. As Aa e UM comparadas entre GRRE vs GRCO e PQRE vs PQCO apresentaram comportamento quadrático (P<0,001). A acidez apresentou aumento linear (P<0,001) para todos os tratamentos. Observou-se crescimento fúngico em todas as dietas. Alimentos para cães armazenados em condições controladas podem aumentar sua Aa, umidade e acidez, afetando a conservação dos alimentos completos destinados a cães.
Influência de diferentes dietas sobre a concentração de ácido siálico fecal em cães
Authors: Bastos Tais Silvino , De Lima Daniele Cristina , Menezes Souza Camilla Mariane , Stadnik Komarcheuski Alina , Marcon de Brito Cleusa Bernadete , Portella Félix Ananda
Published: September 2018

Objetivou-se avaliar a influência de diferentes dietas sobre a produção de AS intestinal em cães e gatos. Foram analisados 166 dados referentes à concentração de AS fecal de experimentos realizados em cães e gatos. Não houve correlação entre o tipo de fibra sobre a produção de AS em cães (P>0,05). Houve correlação positiva entre a produção do AS com a ingestão de matéria seca (IMS), ingestão de proteína e sexo (P<0,05) em cães. Crescentes níveis de fibras aumentaram a produção de AS (P<0,05) em gatos. A produção de AS em cães parece estar correlacionado com a maior IMS e teor de proteína da dieta, enquanto gatos apresentam maior produção de AS intestinal quanto maior o teor de fibras da dieta.
Avaliação de diferentes metodologias para determinação de gordura e teores de cálcio e fósforo em petiscos para cães
Authors: Perini Mariana Pamplona , Zafalon Rafael Vessecchi Amorim , Rodrigues Roberta Bueno Ayres , Rentas Mariana Fragoso , Risolia Larissa Wünsche , Brunetto Marcio Antonio
Published: September 2018

Com o presente estudo, objetivou-se comparar três diferentes metodologias para determinação de gordura: extrato etéreo (EE), extrato etéreo após hidrólise ácida (EEHA) e determinação pelo analisador Ankom XT15 (ANKOM), em petiscos para cães; avaliar os teores de cálcio e fósforo nesses alimentos, bem como comparar os resultados com os valores declarados nos rótulos. Os resultados das três metodologias foram comparados através do teste t (p<0,05) no programa Statistical Analysis System (SAS, versão 9.4) e a comparação dos resultados com o rótulo foi realizada através de estatística descritiva. Os três métodos avaliados não apresentaram diferenças entre si (p=0,34). Constatou-se discrepância entre os valores declarados nos rótulos e os resultados laboratoriais em vários produtos. Conclui-se que não houve diferença entre as metodologias e que existe a necessidade de melhor fiscalização dos rótulos de petiscos para cães.
Fontes proteicas na alimentação de cães diferem entre si pelos coeficientes de digestibilidade aparente da matéria seca e proteína bruta: estudo por metanálise
Authors: Vanelli Karoline , Oliveira Angela Fonseca , Weber Saulo Henrique , Maior Cristina Soto , Costa Leandro Batista
Published: September 2018

O objetivo do presente trabalho foi estimar por metanálise os coeficientes de digestibilidade aparente da matéria seca (CDAMS) e proteína bruta (CDAPB) de ingredientes proteicos utilizados na dieta de cães adultos. Com base na compilação dos dados dos 12 artigos científicos escolhidos, houve diferença estatística (p<0,05) entre todos os grupos para o CDAMS, o qual superior para a farinha de vísceras de aves e inferior para a farinha de carne e ossos. Com relação ao CDA PB, não houve diferenças estatísticas (p>0,05) entre o farelo de soja e a farinha de vísceras de aves, e nesse caso o coeficiente apresentou os melhores resultados para a farinha de peixe e os inferiores para a farinha de carne e ossos (p<0,05).
Influência de extrato de leveduras sobre produtos de fermentação intestinal e características fecais de cães
Authors: Dos Santos Carolina Dallagassa , Machado Melisa Fructuoso , Fernandes Eduarda Lorena , Franco Milena Coutinho , Do Nascimento Rosandra Colpani , Felix Ananda Portella
Published: September 2018

Objetivou-se avaliar os efeitos da inclusão de 2% de extrato de leveduras sobre os produtos de fermentação intestinal e características fecais de cães adultos. Foram avaliadas duas dietas contendo níveis de 0% e 2% de extrato de leveduras.  As dietas foram fornecidas durante 25 dias a 16 cães adultos, distribuídos inteiramente ao acaso (n=8). As fezes foram colhidas nos últimos 5 dias experimentais para determinação dos produtos de fermentação intestinal e características fecais. A dieta contendo 2% de extrato de leveduras proporcionou aumento no escore fecal e na concentração de ácido acético (P<0,05). Os resultados indicam que a adição de 2% de extrato de leveduras aumenta a consistência e o ácido acético das fezes de cães.
NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF THE IMPACT OF WATER-AIR FRONTS ON RADIONUCLIDE PLUMES IN HETEROGENEOUS MEDIA
Authors: Aquino J. , Francisco A. S. , Pereira F. , Amaral Souto H. P.
Published: September 2018

The goal of this paper is to investigate the interaction of water-air fronts with radionuclide plumes in unsaturated heterogeneous porous media. This problem is modeled by a system of equations that describes both water-air flow and radionuclide transport. The water-air flow problem is solved numerically by a mixed finite element combined with a non-oscillatory central difference scheme. For the radionuclide transport equation we use the Modified Method of Characteristics (MMOC).We present results of numerical simulations for heterogeneous permeability fields taking into account sorption effects.
ANALYSIS OF DISPERSION ERRORS IN ACOUSTIC WAVE SIMULATIONS
Authors: Germanos R. A. C. , De Souza L. F.
Published: September 2018

The governing equations of the acoustic problem are the compressible Euler equations. The discretization of these equations has to ensure that the acoustic waves are transported with non-dispersive and non-dissipative characteristics. In the present study numerical simulations of a standing acoustic wave are performed. Four different space discretization schemes are tested, namely, a second order finite-differences, a fourth order finitedifferences, a fourth order finite-differences compact scheme and a sixth order finite-differences compact scheme. The time integration is done with a fourth order Runge-Kutta scheme. The results obtained are compared with linearized analytical solutions. The influence of the dispersion on the simulation of a standing wave is analyzed. The results confirm that high order accuracy schemes can be more efficient for simulation of acoustic waves, especially the waves with high frequency.