bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perancangan Sistem Informasi GoMontir Berbasis Web
Authors: Baso Fadhlirrahman , Idil Nur Inayah , Rahmadani Rahmadani , Wahyuni Sri , Syafdwi Wilda Inaya , Al Faruq Ahmad Faris
Published: August 2023

Artikel ini membahas tentang perancangan sistem informasi GoMontir, sebuah aplikasi berbasis web yang bertujuan untuk memberikan kemudahan dan kenyamanan dalam memperoleh jasa montir yang terpercaya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode studi literatur, wawancara, pengamatan, dan dokumentasi untuk mengumpulkan data dari berbagai sumber. Hasil penelitian ini adalah sebuah sistem aplikasi berbasis web dengan modul-modul yang terdiri dari tampilan antarmuka dan keluaran yang dijelaskan secara detail dalam artikel ini. Tujuan dari sistem informasi GoMontir adalah memudahkan masyarakat dalam menemukan jasa montir berkualitas melalui fitur-fitur seperti pemesanan, pemanggilan darurat, dan pembayaran. Diharapkan dengan adanya aplikasi ini, bisnis jasa montir dapat memanfaatkan teknologi untuk meningkatkan kualitas layanan dan memberikan kepuasan kepada pengguna.
Pengaruh Discount, Live Streamer, dan Customer Trust derhadap Impulse Buying pada Live Streaming Commerce
Authors: Ratnawati Ratnawati
Published: August 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji dan menganalisis bagaimana pengaruh discount, live streamer, dan customer trust terhadap impulse buying pada live streaming commerce. Metode dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif untuk dianalisis lebih lanjut dengan mengelola hasil kuesioner responden yang disebarluaskan melalui Google Form. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah adalah penduduk Indonesia yang pernah berbelanja melalui platform live streaming commerce. Sampel dalam penelitian ini dipilih menggunakan Teknik purposive sampling dan terdapat sebanyak 221 responden yang memenuhi kriteria. Hasil dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa diskon berpengaruh terhadap impulse buying konsumen yang berbelanja pada live streaming commerce. Sedangkan, live streamer dan customer trust ditemukan tidak berpengaruh terhadap pembelian konsumen.
Farklı Fenolojik Gelişim Aşamalarında Gerçekleştirilen Yaprak Alma ve Salkım Seyreltme Uygulamalarının Sürgün Özelliklerine Etkileri
Authors: BAHAR Elman , KORKUTAL İlknur , AZSÖZ Serhan
Published: August 2023

Vejetasyon periyodu içinde yapılan yeşil budama işlemleriyle omcaların vejetatif gelişmesiyle generatif gelişmesi arasında denge kurulmaya çalışılmaktadır. Bu araştırmada Tekirdağ ilinde, Michele Palieri/110R kombinasyonuyla kurulan 10 yaşındaki bağda, omcalar üzerinde gerçekleştirilen yaprak alma ve salkım seyreltme uygulamalarıyla sürgün özelliklerine etkide bulunulmuştur. Deneme 2018-2019 ve 2019-2020 vejetasyon periyodlarında iki yıl süreyle yürütülmüştür. Üç farklı gelişme döneminde (tane tutumu, iri koruk, ben düşme) gerçekleştirilen dört farklı yaprak alma ve salkım seyreltme uygulaması yapılmıştır. Sürgün özelliklerini belirlemek için; sürgün uzunluğu, sürgün uzama hızı, vejetatif gelişme durumu, vigor, güç, Ravaz İndeksi, toplam budama odunu ağırlığı ve verim kriterleri incelenmiştir. Sonuç olarak; vejetatif ile generatif gelişimin dengesi ben düşme döneminde salkım seyreltme ve kontrol uygulamalarıyla sağlanmıştır. Bu da sürgün özelliklerine olumlu etkide bulunmuştur. Ayrıca salkım seyreltme beklendiği üzere verimi düşürmüştür.
Güney Nijerya, Akwa Ibom Eyaletindeki Küçük Ölçekli Tarla Ürün Çiftçileri için Çiftlik İşçiliği Seçenekleri ve Verimlilik
Authors: AKPAN Sunday , NKANTA Veronica S. , UDOFİA Emmanuel
Published: August 2023

Nijerya'nın güney bölgesindeki bazı çiftçi topluluklarında sürekli olarak çiftlik işçiliği kıtlığının ardından, çalışma öncelikle çiftlik işçiliği kullanımını ve üretkenliğini etkileyen faktörleri belirledi. Çalışma, Nijerya'nın güney bölgesindeki Akwa Ibom Eyaletinde gerçekleştirildi. Yapılandırılmış bir anket kullanılarak toplam iki yüz (200) manyok bazlı çiftçi rastgele örneklendi. Verilerin analizinde tanımlayıcı, multinomial Logit ve Tobit modelleri kullanılmıştır. Bulgular, küçük ölçekli çiftçiler için birincil emek kaynakları olarak ücretli emek, aile ve grup emeğini ortaya çıkardı ve aile emeği biraz baskındı. Ayrıca, çiftçilerin yaşı, eğitim düzeyi, çiftlik büyüklüğü, çiftlik geliri, tarım dışı gelir, çiftçilik deneyimi ve çiftlik kredisine erişim, çiftçilerin grup emeğine göre ücretli emeği benimseme olasılığını artıran faktörler olarak belirlendi. Benzer şekilde, çiftçilerin hanehalkı büyüklüğü ve medeni durumunun, grup işçiliğine göre aile işçiliğini kullanma olasılığını artırdığı bulunmuştur. Emek verimliliğinin olumlu belirleyicileri, çiftçilerin yaşı, eğitimi, sosyal sermayesi, çiftlik geliri, cinsiyeti, çiftlik kredisine erişimi ve tarımsal yayım hizmetleriydi; çiftlik büyüklüğü ve çiftçilik deneyimi ise olumsuz belirleyicilerdi. Küçük ölçekli çiftçiler arasında işgücü erişimini ve üretkenliği artırmayı amaçlayan politika formülasyonu sırasında çiftçilerin örgün eğitimi, çiftlik geliri, çiftlik kredisi, yayım hizmetlerine erişim ve sosyal sermaye oluşumuna öncelik verilmesi şiddetle tavsiye edilir.
Sav (Isparta) Yöresi Doğal Kızılcık (Cornus mas L.) Popülasyonunun Fenolojik ve Pomolojik Özellikleri
Authors: BEKTAŞ Hasan , KOYUNCU Fatma
Published: August 2023

Kızılcık zengin besin içeriği ve medikal özellikleri açısından oldukça önemli bir türdür. Isparta İli Sav Kasabası doğal florasındaki kızılcık (Cornus mas L., Corneceae) popülasyonunda üstün/farklı özelliklere sahip genotipleri seçmek amacıyla yürütülen bu araştırmada; ön seleksiyonla değerlendirmeye alınan 42 kızılcık genotipi arasından meyveye dair 14 adet kantitatif özellik bakımından yapılan kümeleme (cluster) analizi neticesinde farklılıkları belirlenen 15 genotipe ait bulgular sunulmuştur. Kızılcık genotiplerinin tomurcuk patlaması 11-26 şubat tarihleri arasında, çiçeklenme başlangıcı 17 Şubat ile 6 Mart tarihleri arasında, tam çiçeklenme 5-19 Mart tarihleri arasında, çiçeklenme sonu ise 17 Mart ile 13 Nisan tarihleri arasında gerçekleştiği gözlemlenmiştir. Hasat dönemi ağustos-eylül ayları arasında olan kızılcık ağaçlarında tam çiçeklenmeden hasada kadar geçen süre 170 ile 185 gün arasında değişmiştir.

Değerlendirmeye alınan kızılcık popülasyonu içerisinde SAV 37, 4.81 g ortalama meyve ağırlığı, 16.99 mm meyve eni ve 22.67 mm meyve boyu ile en iri meyvelere sahip genotip olurken, SAV 29 genotipi ise minimum değerlere sahip olmuştur. SÇKM değerleri % 8.90 (SAV 41) ile % 16.83 (SAV 25) arasında, ortalama TA değerleri % 1.83 (SAV 41) ve % 3.47 (SAV 9) ve pH değerleri ise 3.12 (SAV 26) ile 3.32 (SAV 41) arasında bulunmuştur. Meyve kabuk rengi L* değeri 25.91 (SAV 25) ile 36.80 (SAV 27), a* değeri 24.54 (SAV 25) ile 41.00 (SAV 22), b* değeri 11.27 (SAV 25) ile 27.75 (SAV 26) arasında tespit edilmiştir. Kızılcık meyvelerinin askorbik asit içeriği 1.20 mg 100 g-1 (SAV 38) ile 79.40 mg 100 g-1 (SAV 37) arasında değişiklik göstermiştir. Kızılcık genotipleri arasından meyve ağırlığı, meyve boyutları gibi pomolojik kalite özellikleri bakımından SAV 37 en farklı/üstün genotip olarak seçilmiştir.
Aquatic Biological Resource Processing
Authors:   , Ivanovs Kaspars
Published: August 2023

Ensuring the recycling of resources and finding the best available technological methods will promote the environmentally friendly use of resources and increase added value. The Thesis deals with the recycling of water resources, analysing the composition of the resources, the treatment technologies and the products to be obtained, also evaluating possible treatments with concrete examples and carrying out experiments. The aim of the Thesis was to investigate the processing of aquatic bioresources and biomass resources into value-added products in order to find the best use of aquatic raw materials and to support the transition towards a more sustainable circular economy using renewable water resources.
NAD+ prevents septic shock-induced death by non-canonical inflammasome blockade and IL-10 cytokine production in macrophages
Authors: Iske Jasper , El Fatimy Rachid , Nian Yeqi , Eskandari Siawosh K. , Cetina Biefer Hector Rodriguez , Vasudevan Anju , Elkhal Abdallah
Published: August 2023

Septic shock is characterized by an excessive inflammatory response depicted in a cytokine storm that results from invasive bacterial and viral infections. Non-canonical inflammasome activation is crucial in the development of septic shock promoting pyroptosis and pro-inflammatory cytokine production via caspase-11 and Gasdermin-D (GSDMD). Here, we show that NAD
+
treatment protected mice towards bacterial and LPS induced endotoxic shock by blocking the non-canonical inflammasome specifically. NAD
+
administration impeded systemic IL-1β and IL-18 production and GSDMD-mediated pyroptosis of macrophages via the IFN-β/STAT-1 signaling machinery. More importantly, NAD
+
administration not only improved casp-11
-/-
survival but rendered WT mice completely resistant to septic shock via the IL-10 signaling pathway that was independent from the non-canonical inflammasome. Here, we delineated a two-sided effect of NAD
+
blocking septic shock through a specific inhibition of the non-canonical inflammasome and promoting immune homeostasis via IL-10, underscoring its unique therapeutic potential.
A importância das políticas públicas no contexto da agricultura familiar em meio a pandemia no Brasil: uma revisão narrativa
Authors: Da Silva Karine Barreto , Silva Claudine Julia , De Siqueira Juliette Ione Santana , Xavier Filho José Lindenberg Julião
Published: August 2023

Objetivo: Dessa forma, o intuito deste trabalho foi analisar a importância das políticas públicas voltadas à agricultura familiar no enfrentamento da crise causada pela pandemia da Covid19. Método: Foi realizada uma revisão narrativa, a partir de uma pesquisa bibliográfica feita nas bases de dados Google acadêmico, Scielo, periódicos Capes e Spell, utilizando os descritores: agricultura familiar, PAA, PNAE, PRONAF, pandemia Covid-19. Resultado: Ao longo dos anos, algumas políticas públicas foram constituídas a fim de auxiliar os produtores rurais, podendo-se destacar o Pronaf, o PAA e o PNAE. Essas políticas são importantes no auxílio ao pequeno produtor rural e também na manutenção da segurança alimentar de pessoas em vulnerabilidade. Tendo em vista que a pandemia trouxe repercussões negativas para vários setores da economia, inclusive para a agricultura familiar, as políticas públicas se fizeram ainda mais imprescindíveis neste contexto de crise. Conclusão: Foi possível identificar as principais políticas voltadas à agricultura familiar já existentes e as medidas tomadas diante do cenário atual da economia, a fim de estabilizar e incentivar a produção desses pequenos produtores rurais. Ressalta-se as limitações do estudo devido ao fato da pandemia ser ainda um problema em curso, sendo as informações atualizadas a todo momento.
Gestão da informação e conhecimento em sistemas de monitoramento
Authors: Leão Melanie Filgueiras , Quelhas Osvaldo Luiz Gonçalves , Bastos Carlos Alberto Malcher , Leão Maurício de Souza
Published: August 2023

É apresentada uma metodologia para gestão da informação e conhecimento aplicada em organizações intensivas em conhecimento e que pode trazer soluções para questões relacionadas à gestão da informação em sistemas de monitoramento e em espaços inteligentes. É apresentado um projeto que visa testar e desenvolver essa metodologia considerando as particularidades dos sistemas de monitoramento e espaços urbanos inteligentes.
Os elementos subjetivos do crime e a Teoria da Cegueira Deliberada na responsabilização penal do empresário: um enfoque garantista no direito penal econômico
Authors: Ferreira Mariana Colucci Goulart Martins
Published: August 2023

Este artigo estuda precipuamente os elementos subjetivos para a responsabilização penal do empresário, considerando-se um sistema penal garantista, a fim de elucidar a aplicabilidade ou não da denominada Teoria da Cegueira Deliberada. Para a consecução de tal objetivo, foram destacados os elementos subjetivos do crime – quais sejam, o dolo, o dolo eventual e a culpa, com suas principais diferenciações – em consonância à Teoria Finalista da Ação de Hans Welzel e em discordância à Teoria Causalista da Ação de Franz von Liszt e Ernst von Beling. Sendo assim, a partir de uma análise crítica do Direito Penal Econômico, compreendeu-se que inexiste um embasamento teórico-penal com viés garantista para que a Teoria da Cegueira Deliberada seja equiparada à incidência de dolo eventual.
Assessment of Radiological Health Risks in Agricultural Soil Samples within Bitumen Belt of Ondo State, Nigeria
Authors: Yani Luka S. , Avwiri Gregory O. , Ononugbo Chinyere P.
Published: August 2023

The quality of agricultural soils within the bitumen deposit areas of Ondo State, Nigeria was investigated with a view to providing valuable information on the radioactivity parameters associated with the contamination of the sites by bitumen deposit. And to provide baseline data required for future radiological impact assessment of the environment during the development of the natural resource. Naturally occurring radionuclides (238U, 232Th and 40K) present in agricultural soil samples collected within the bitumen belt of Ondo State, Nigeria was measured using gamma spectroscopy. The radiological health risk parameters; absorbed dose rate (D), Annual Gonadal Equivalent Dose (AGED), External Hazard Index (Hex), Internal Hazard Index (Hin) and Excess Lifetime Cancer Risk (ELCR) were estimated using standard analytical method. The estimated results of D ranged from 3.56 nGyh-1 (Omotosho) to 10.55 nGyh-1 (Igbotako) with a mean value of 5.83±2.19 nGyh-1. While AGED ranged from 24.07 mSvy-1 (Omotosho) to 70.72 mSvy-1 (Igbotako) with a mean value of 40.39±14.26 mSvy-1. Also, Hex varies between 0.021 (Omotosho) to 0.063 (Igbotako) with a mean value of 0.034±0.01. Similarly, Hin ranged from 0.030 (Omotosho) to 0.089 (Igbotako) with a mean value of 0.047±0.02. However, the estimated ELCR were much lower than the safe limit of 0.29 x 10-3, which suggests that even though there is little radiation risk associated with exposure to natural radionuclides, using the studied soil may not immediately pose a health risk to the locals. However, prolonged exposure may result in radiologically induced health problems.
Sustainable Recovery of Urban Organic Waste: A Case Study of Composting Waste from the Mfidi Market in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
Authors: Katumbi Benjamin K. , Nsiala Gurvitch O. , Ngangu Hervé B. , Nyembo Céline F. , Biey Emmanuel M.
Published: August 2023

Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the methods of solid waste management in the Mfidi market in order to detect the various problems and propose strategies to fight against insalubrity.

Study Design: This research consists of four parts, an introduction with literature review, a description of the study environment, the methods used and finally the results obtained.

Location and Duration of the Study: This study took place in the Mfidi market in Kinshasa from January 20 to May 15, 2023.

Methodology: The methodological approach was based on observation and experimentation. The quantification consisted in characterizing the waste, recovering the biodegradable organic fraction by the technique of composting. Then test the effectiveness of this compost in its application in the field.

Results: This study showed that the quantity of waste at the Mfidi market varies daily between 1,580 and 4,827 kg, with an average of 3,543.8 kg. With regard to the characteristics of the waste, we note that plants and others are the most important with an average proportion of 59.5%, followed respectively by cardboard and paper (16.6%), plastics (14.6 %), metals (5.4%), textiles (2.1%) and glass (1.9%). The organic fraction was recycled into compost, whose contribution to soil fertility was justified by the growth of the species Amaranthus hubridus sp.

Conclusion: The establishment of an integrated solid waste management system within the Mfidi market can guarantee sanitation conditions in this market.
Use of Library and Information Resources among Fresh Students in University Libraries in College of Health
Authors: Nzewi Adaeze Nwona
Published: August 2023

The study discusses the contribution of academic librarians in assisting students in the use of library information resource to achieve their academic goals. The academic library which serves as a hub to all academic activities, provokes intellectual excellence, as well as provide assistant to fresh university student in gaining knowledge. Just as the vein helps to pump blood to the heart for a healthy living, so does the library serves as the bedrock by which intellectual heights are attend. Survey case study was used and secondary literature method were used to for the study The study helps one see the beautiful function of the librarian whose role is like an anchor that stabilizes the boat from going astral. The librarian through their professional skill is able to guide and support fresh student get the needed information resource to achieve their educational goal. The relevance of information resources as key factor that helps academic library provide information services was also reviewed; this study explains information resources, staffing/human resource, services rendered as well as infrastructural resources. Finally, the aspect of the assistant of the academic librarian to the fresh university student in achieving their educational career pursuit.
The Immunity Performance of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) after the Exposure of Botanical Insecticide with Azadirachtin Active Ingredient
Authors: Yustiati Ayi , Brainerd Eliazer , Suryana Asep Agus Handaka , Herman Roffi Grandiosa , Bangkit Ibnu , Bari Ichsan Nurul
Published: August 2023

This study aims to determine the exposure effect of insecticide with the azadirachtin active ingredient on the immunity of nile tilapia. This research was conducted in March and August for the preliminary test and September-October 2022 for the main test at Ciparanje Inland Aquaculture Hatchery, Padjadjaran University. This study used the experimental method of Complete Randomized Design with five treatments and three repeats. The nile tilapia used is 6-7 cm. The treatment used is exposure to insecticide with different doses, namely A (0 ppm), B (26.25 ppm), C (52.5 ppm), D (78.75 ppm), E (105 ppm). Parameters observed included red blood cell count, white blood cell count, feed response, shock response, and macroscopic symptoms up to day 14. Red blood cell and white blood cell data were analyzed in a quantitative descriptive manner. Data on feed response, shock response, and macroscopic symptoms were carried out in a qualitative descriptive manner. Water quality data were analyzed in a quantitative descriptive manner. The results showed that exposure of insecticide with azadirachtin active ingredient interfered fish health by increasing white blood cell count, lowering red blood cell count, disrupting feed response and shock response. The higher the concentration of insecticide given, the more it affects the immunity of tilapia. Treatment without the addition of insecticides is the best treatment in this study.
Length-Weight Relationship and Condition Factor of Ethmalosa fimbriata (Bowdish, 1825) and Mugil cephalus (Linnaeus, 1758) in Coastal Waters of Ondo State
Authors: Abidemi-Iromini A. O. , Oladipupo T. M. , Amadu N. O.
Published: August 2023

The study aimed at examining the Length-Weight Relationships (LWRs) and Condition factor of M. cephalus and E. fimbriata. 240 fish specimens were collected from November 2021 to April 2022 from Obi, Idiegbin, Okesiri and Araromi following standard methodologies subjected to length-weight relationship and condition factor analysis. The results showed that the mean total length of M. cephalus ranged from 30.96 ± 0.56cm (Araromi) to 23.80 ± 1.16cm (Okesiri) and weight ranged from 118.86 ± 9.36g (Araromi) to 71.32 ± 18.12g (Okesiri). E. fimbriata total length ranged from 21.04 ± 0.74cm (Araromi) to 13.96± 0.38cm (Okesiri) and weight ranged from 150.90 ± 1.14g (Araromi) to 70.54 ± 5.76g (Okesiri). The regression coefficient (b) revealed that both M. cephalus (2.19-1.97) and E. fimbriata (2.06-1.05) sampled in Araromi, Okesiri, Idiegbin and Obi respectively exhibited negative allometric growth. Condition factor range (2.41-1.50) recorded for E. fimbriata was higher than (0.50-0.45) range value recorded for M. cephalus. The study concluded that the two species exhibited negative allometric growth pattern and the environment was for conducive for E. fimbriata than for M. cephalus. The variations in growth of the species could be attributed to prevailing ecological conditions of the environment. Therefore, sustainable fish stock management should be carried out.
Analysis of the Economic Potential of the Fisheries Sector as a Basic Sector in Cianjur Regency West Java Province
Authors: Adawiyah Dewi , Nurhayati Atikah , Maulina Ine , Handaka Asep Agus
Published: August 2023

This research aims to analyze the economic potential of the fisheries sector, whether it is a basic or non-basic sector in Cianjur Regency, West Java Province. This research was conducted in Cianjur Regency, West Java Province. The time of the research was carried out in January-April 2023. This research used data on the Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) of Cianjur Regency and West Java Province on the basis of 2010 constant prices according to business field 2016-2021. GRDP is the total value added to goods and services produced by all business units in a certain area. The method for determining the basic and non-basic sectors uses Location Quetion (LQ) analysis by comparing the regency fishery sector with the fishery sector of West Java Province. Location Question analysis is a calculation technique to be able to find out the basic or non-basic sector by comparing the percentage of the contribution of the fisheries sector. Based on the calculation results of the Location Question (LQ) analysis of the fisheries sector in Cianjur Regency, it was found that in 2016-2021 it had an average LQ value of 5.506 (> 1), in which case the Cianjur Regency fisheries sector is the basic sector. This shows that each year has a comparative advantage, meaning that the production of the Cianjur Regency fishery sector can meet the needs of the community in its own region and is able to meet demand from other regions.
Selection of Weeding Method and Plant Density in Maize (Zea mays L.) Based on Morphological and Physiological Characteristics
Authors: Ahmady Ghasem , Mazloom Pooria
Published: August 2023

Aims: Maize is annual plant of the Poaceae, which, with a relatively short growth period and high yield, is ranked second in the world in terms of production after wheat. Choosing the most suitable different planting densities and weeding methods can have a favorable effect on increasing the yield of corn plants.

Study Design: To investigate the traits and choose the most appropriate planting density and weeding method in maize (Zea mays L.) using graphic methods, a factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design was conducted in three replications.

Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted in Shahre-Rey region in 2020-2021.

Methodology: The hybrid cultivated in the SC647 experiment was selected. Each test plot included four cultivation lines with a width of 75 cm and a length of 4 meters. The experimental land was fallow the year before maize cultivation, which was prepared by spring plowing and disk operations.

Results: Based on the analysis of variance, the effect of planting density in all traits except the thousand seed weight trait and the effect of weeding stages in all traits except the trait number of rows in the cob showed a significant difference at the probability level of 0.01. Based on the means comparison of D3W3, D1W3 and D3W2 were selected as suitable treatments. Based on the correlation intensity map between the traits, the highest correlation intensity was estimated for the ear length trait with the plant height and the grain yield trait with the harvest index. The grouping diagram of the treatments formed four groups based on the first and second main components that justified 50.45% of the total variance of the data. Based on the polygon graph, treatments D2W3, D1W3, D3W2, D3W3, D1W1 and D1W2 were identified as the best treatments. Based on the cluster analysis diagram and heat map drawn on the experiment data, the treatments were divided into two main groups.

Conclusion: In general, by reviewing all the analyzes performed on the experiment data, D3W3 (density of 85,000 plants per hectare and no weeding) and D3W2 (density of 85,000 plants and two stages of weeding 4 to 8 weeks after planting) can be used for maize cultivation.
Evaluation of Easy and Economic Protocols for High Quality Genomic DNA Extraction and Sex Determination in Papaya Using SCAR Markers
Authors: Soumiya K. , Muthuvel I. , Boopathi N. Manikanda , Kavitha C. , Chandrakumar K. , Shanmugasundaram K. A.
Published: August 2023

Rapid and precise identification of three sex types (male, hermaphrodite and female flowers) is the key in achieving good returns in papaya (Carica papaya L.) cultivation. This study presents a simple, reliable, fast and cost-efficient DNA isolation protocol and a rapid and precise method of sex determination in papaya. Three DNA isolation protocols viz., CTAB method, Modified Dellaporta method and BioBasic DNA isolation kit were comparatively evaluated for their simplicity, economic, DNA quantity and purity. Among them, CTAB method was regarded as relatively economic, with a cost of Rs. 11.80943 per sample with higher amount of DNA (4667.4 µg/ µl). However, it was noticed that DNA isolation with the BioBasic kit was fastest method, which took only 6 hours 7 minutes. On the other hand, relatively better DNA purity was noticed with the Modified Dellaporta method  (average ratio of absorbance at 260 nm and 280 nm range between 1.8-2.0) and yielded clear, intact and distinct DNA  bands. Hence, Modified Dellaporta method is suggested as an ideal DNA isolation protocol for papaya. Molecular markers (such as SCAR derived from RAPD T12, W11, NAPF-2 and PKBT-4) were employed in this study to identify the sex type and they have successfully distinguished between male and hermaphrodite plants in both dioecious and gynodioecious varieties; especially, NAPF-2 has successfully distinguished male in dioecious varieties. Evaluation of different kinds of molecular markers has shown that the SCAR marker T12 can be used as reliable marker for rapid and precise identification of papaya sex type.
Blossoming Heterosis: Unveiling the Potential of Hybridization in Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.)
Authors: Farooq Filza , Delvadiya I. R.
Published: August 2023

A study was conducted to assess 24 crosses created through the Line × Tester mating design. These crosses were obtained from seeds collected during the kharif season of 2022 at the Post Graduate Research Farm, School of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University (LPU), Punjab. Alongside the hybrids, 10 parent lines and 1 check were cultivated for evaluation. The entire experiment followed a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three replications during the kharif season of 2023. The mean squares of the 10 traits revealed significant differences among the entries. The hybrid JBR-20-02 x JBR-20-05 demonstrated the highest standard heterosis among all the crosses, with JBR-20-03 x JBR-21-06 ranking second in terms of total fruit yield per plant. Notably, all these crosses exhibited significant and desirable standard heterosis not only for fruit yield per plant but also for other traits, indicating their potential for improved overall performance. The application of heterosis in brinjal will aid in the production of superior cross combinations, which will help meet the expanding demand for brinjal due to its bioactive properties.
Comparative Analysis of the Compression of Text Data Using Huffman, Arithmetic, Run-Length, and Lempel Ziv Welch Coding Algorithms
Authors: Baidoo Peter Kwaku
Published: August 2023

The purpose of the study was to compare the compression ratios of file size, file complexity, and time used in compressing each text file in the four selected compression algorithms on a given modern computer running Windows 7. The researcher used the Java programming language on the NetBeans development environment to create user-friendly user interfaces that displayed both the content being compressed and the output generated by the compression. A purposive sampling technique was used to select text files with varying complexities from the Google data store, as well as other text documents developed and manipulated by the researcher to meet the level of complexity required for the research experiment. The results showed that each compression algorithm compressed differently in terms of word count. This is due to the fact that the compression ratios of the number of words in each file changed in each compression algorithm. Furthermore, the complexity of the text in the file had no effect on the algorithms used. This was due to the fact that no significant changes in the various algorithms were observed with the selected files, despite the complexities of some files. Finally, time for compression was found to decrease with decreasing file size, though there were some notable variations across all four algorithms used. Before choosing a compression algorithm for efficient text compression, users must first determine their goals.
THE EVALUATION OF BERMASA VILLAGE PROGRAM ON PLANNING AND BUDGETING FOR VILLAGE DEVELOPMENT IN MANDIRI VILLAGE, BANTAN SUB-DISTRICT
Authors: Pebiona Gressila , Fiddin Fachroh
Published: August 2023

This research aims to determine the evaluation of the BERMASA Village Program in planning and budgeting, compari­sons between Mandiri villages in Bantan sub-district, and the obstacles faced by village governments in Mandiri Village, Bantan sub-district, in formulating planning and budgeting for the Village Based Program. This is a qualitative descriptive study that uses primary and secondary data. The informants in this research consist of the Village Head, Village Secretary, Village Treasurer, Chair of the Village Consultative Body, and Chair of the Development Implementation Team. The research data was obtained from four Mandiri villages, namely Bantan Tengah, Selatbaru, Berancah, and Pasiran. The data collection techniques used in this study were interviews, observations, and documentation. The research findings show that the evaluation of the BERMASA Village Program in planning and budgeting for village development in Mandiri Village, Bantan sub-district, is in accordance with the Regulation of the Bengkalis Regent No. 74 of 2021 concerning Guidelines for Financial Aid Management, which specifically applies to the BERMASA Village Program, and the Decree of the Head of the Department of Community Empowerment and Village Affairs of Bengkalis Regency No. 073/KPTS/XI/2022 concerning Technical Guidelines for the Use of Financial Assistance, which specifically applies to the BERMASA Village Program. The village government always involves the community in the planning and budgeting process, and decision-making is always based on a deliberative system from the hamlet to the village level. The comparison between Mandiri villages for the received budget funds of IDR 1,000,000,000 consists of mandatory and optional activities. However, the obstacles faced by the village government are related to the implementation of determining activities and unforeseen conditions.
Determinantes da desigualdade de renda municipal: evidências para a Bahia na década de 2010
Authors: Eberhardt Paulo Henrique de Cezaro
Published: August 2023

O tema da desigualdade de renda ganhou os holofotes recentemente com o movimento Occupy Wall Street no pós crise de 2008 e também depois de Piketty (2014). Embora as desigualdades de renda nos países atraiam mais atenção, neste trabalho procurou-se mostrar que as desigualdades intermunicipais também merecem a atenção dos pesquisadores. Um dos aspectos da desigualdade de renda que será tratado neste trabalho são os determinantes da desigualdade entre os municípios da Bahia. O objetivo é identificar quais características dos municípios estão mais associadas à desigualdade. Para cumprir esse objetivo, foi utilizado um modelo de regressão linear com estimações via mínimos quadrados ordinários (MQO). Os resultados sugerem que municípios mais violentos, que mais votaram no PT na eleição presidencial de 2010 e municípios com população maior que 50.000 habitantes foram variáveis mais associadas com a desigualdade de renda nos municípios baianos.
Innovations in Surgical Communication 3—Promote Deliberation, Not Technical Education
Authors: Schwarze Margaret L. , Clapp Justin , Arnold Robert M.
Published: August 2023

This Viewpoint is the third of a 4-part series discussing ways to improve communication between surgeons and patients.
Bacterial Magnetosome‐Hitchhiked Quick‐Frozen Neutrophils for Targeted Destruction of Pre‐Metastatic Niche and Prevention of Tumor Metastasis
Authors: Han Xiaoqing , Wang Xingbo , Yan Jiao , Song Panpan , Wang Yanjing , Shang Chao , Wu Yunyun , Zhang Hua , Wang Zhenxin , Zhang Haiyuan , Li Xi
Published: August 2023

Premetastatic niche (PMN) is a prerequisite for tumor metastasis. Destruction of PMN can significantly suppress the tumor metastasis. Bone marrow‐derived cells are usually recruited into the premetastatic organs to support PMN formation, which can be orchestrated by tumor‐derived secreted factors. Neutrophils can chemotactically migrate towards the inflammatory sites and consume tumor‐derived secreted factors, capable of acting as therapeutic agents for a broad‐spectrum suppression of PMN formation and metastasis. However, neutrophils in response to inflammatory signals can release neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), promoting the tumor metastasis. Herein, live neutrophils are converted into dead neutrophils (CNE) through a quick‐frozen process to maintain PMN‐targeting and tumor‐derived secreted factor‐consuming abilities but eliminate NET‐releasing shortcomings. Considering macrophages‐regulated remodeling of the extracellular matrix in PMN, bacterial magnetosomes (Mag) are further hitchhiked on the surface of CNE to form CNEMag, which can repolarize macrophages from M2 to M1 phenotype for further disruption of PMN formation. A series of in vitro and in vivo assessments have been applied to confirm the effectiveness of CNEMag in suppression of PMN formation and metastasis. This study presents a promising strategy for targeted anti‐metastatic therapy in clinics.
Comparative sensitivity and accuracy of 24 vs. 18 MHz ultrasound probes for the diagnosis of flexor tendon repair integrity
Authors: Renfree Sean , Hinckley Nathaniel B. , Dahiya Nirvikar , Zhang Nan , Renfree Kevin J.
Published: August 2023

Purpose

To determine whether a 24 MHz transducer significantly improves sensitivity, specificity and accuracy in evaluating flexor tendon repair integrity compared with an 18 MHz transducer.

Methods

One hundred and twelve cadaveric digits were randomised to an intact repair or simulated ‘failed’ repair, and to a two‐ or eight‐strand repair of a flexor digitorum profundus laceration. A blinded sonologist evaluated specimens in static mode using 18 and 24 MHz transducers. Gaps were remeasured after scanning, and final gap width recorded. McNemar's exact test calculated differences between sensitivity, specificity and accuracy, and chi‐squared test to compare sensitivity, specificity and accuracy between number of strands (2 vs. 8) and repair gap (≥4 mm).

Results

The 24 MHz transducer had higher sensitivity (81 vs. 59%), lower specificity (67 vs. 70%) and higher overall accuracy (74 vs. 64%), than the 18 MHz transducer. The difference for sensitivity was significant (P = 0.011), but not differences for specificity and overall accuracy (P > 0.05). Pearson's correlation (r = 0.61) demonstrated a moderate‐to‐strong positive correlation between measured and true gap sizes. Increased number of suture strands (2 vs. 8) did not impair sensitivity, specificity nor accuracy.

Discussion

Ultrasound may tend to overestimate gap width, and a slight risk that some intact repairs, or those with small, clinically insignificant gaps may undergo surgical exploration that may not be indicated.

Conclusions

A 24 MHz transducer is a more sensitive and accurate transducer for assessing flexor tendon repair integrity and measuring small gaps.
Maximizing Electrostatic Polarity of Non‐Sacrificial Electrolyte Additives Enables Stable Zinc‐Metal Anodes for Aqueous Batteries
Authors: Zhou Liyu , Yang Rui , Xu Siqi , Lei Xin , Zheng Yongping , Wen Jianfeng , Zhang Fan , Tang Yongbing
Published: August 2023

Although additives are widely used in aqueous electrolytes to inhibit the formation of dendrites and hydrogen evolution reactions on Zn anodes, there is a lack of rational design principles and systematic mechanistic studies on how to select a suitable additive to regulate reversible Zn plating/stripping chemistry. Here, using saccharides as the representatives, we reveal that the electrostatic polarity of non‐sacrificial additives is a critical descriptor for their ability to stabilize Zn anodes. Non‐sacrificial additives are found to continuously modulate the solvation structure of Zn ions and form a molecular adsorption layer (MAL) for uniform Zn deposition, avoiding the thick solid electrolyte interphase layer due to the decomposition of sacrificial additives. A high electrostatic polarity renders sucrose the best hydrated Zn2+ desolvation ability and facilitates the MAL formation, resulting in the best cycling stability with a long‐term reversible plating/stripping cycle life of thousands of hours. This study provides theoretical guidance for the screening of optimal additives for high‐performance ZIBs.
Thermodynamic Phase Transition of Three‐Dimensional Solid Additives Guiding Molecular Assembly for Efficient Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Yu Runnan , Shi Rui , He Zhangwei , Zhang Tao , Li Shuang , Lv Qianglong , Sha Shihao , Yang Chunhe , Hou Jianhui , Tan Zhan'ao
Published: August 2023

Fine‐tuning the thermodynamic self‐assembly of molecules via volatile solid additives has emerged to be an effective way to construct high‐performance organic solar cells. Here, three‐dimensional structured solid molecules have been designed and applied to facilitate the formation of organized molecular assembly in the active layer. By means of systematic theory analyses and film‐morphology characterizations based on four solid candidates, we preselected the optimal one, 4‐fluoro‐N,N‐diphenylaniline (FPA), which possesses good volatility and strong charge polarization. The three‐dimensional solids can induce molecular packing in active layers via strong intermolecular interactions and subsequently provide sufficient space for the self‐reassembly of active layers during the thermodynamic transition process. Benefitting from the optimized morphology with improved charge transport and reduced energy disorder in the FPA‐processed devices, high efficiencies of over 19 % were achieved. The strategy of three‐dimensional additives inducing ordered self‐assembly structure represents a practical approach for rational morphology control in highly efficient devices, contributing to deeper insights into the structural design of efficient volatile solid additives.
Chemical Bonding Tuned Lattice Anharmonicity Leads to a High Thermoelectric Performance in Cubic AgSnSbTe3
Authors: Sarkar Debattam , Dolui Kapildeb , Taneja Vaishali , Ahad Abdul , Dutta Moinak , Manjunatha S. O. , Swain Diptikanta , Biswas Kanishka
Published: August 2023

Comprehension of chemical bonding and its intertwined relation with charge carriers and heat propagation through a crystal lattice is imperative to design compounds for thermoelectric energy conversion. Here, we report the synthesis of large single crystal of new p‐type cubic AgSnSbTe3 which shows an innately ultra‐low lattice thermal conductivity (κlat) of 0.47–0.27 Wm−1 K−1 and a high electrical conductivity (1238 – 800 S cm−1) in the temperature range 294–723 K. We investigated the origin of the low κlat by analysing the nature of the chemical bonding and its crystal structure. The interaction between Sn(5 s)/Ag(4d) and Te(5p) orbitals was found to generate antibonding states just below the Fermi level in the electronic band structure, resulting in a softening of the lattice in AgSnSbTe3. Furthermore, the compound exhibits metavalent bonding which provides highly polarizable bonds with a strong lattice anharmonicity while maintaining the superior electrical conductivity. The electronic band structure exhibits nearly degenerate valence‐band maxima that help to achieve a high Seebeck coefficient throughout the measured temperature range and, as a result, the maximum thermoelectric figure of merit reaches to ≈1.2 at 661 K in pristine single crystal of AgSnSbTe3.
In Situ Self‐Assembled J‐Aggregate Nanofibers of Glycosylated Aza‐BODIPY for Synergetic Cell Membrane Disruption and Type I Photodynamic Therapy
Authors: Liu Yi‐chen , Liu Guang‐jian , Zhou Wei , Feng Gai‐li , Ma Qing‐yu , Zhang Yuan , Xing Guo‐wen
Published: August 2023

The in situ self‐assembly of exogenous molecules is a powerful strategy for manipulating cellular behavior. However, the direct self‐assembly of photochemically inert constituents into supramolecular nano‐photosensitizers (PSs) within cancer cells for precise photodynamic therapy (PDT) remains a challenge. Herein, we developed a glycosylated Aza‐BODIPY compound (LMBP) capable of self‐assembling into J‐aggregate nanofibers in situ for cell membrane destruction and type I PDT. LMBP selectively entered human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells and subsequently self‐assembled into intracellular J‐aggregate nanovesicles and nanofibers through supramolecular interactions. Detailed studies revealed that these J‐aggregate nanostructures generated superoxide radicals (O2−⋅) exclusively through photoinduced electron transfer, thus enabling effective PDT. Furthermore, the intracellular nanofibers exhibited an aggregation‐induced retention effect, which resulted in selective toxicity to HepG2 cells by disrupting their cellular membranes and synergizing with PDT for powerful tumor suppression efficacy in vivo.
Charging Metal‐Organic Framework Membranes by Incorporating Crown Ethers to Capture Cations for Ion Sieving
Authors: Li Jiang , Shi Yayun , Qi Chenyang , Zhang Bowen , Xing Xiwen , Li Yuliang , Chen Tongdan , Mao Xingnuo , Zuo Zhijun , Zhao Xiaoli , Pan Zhenghui , Li Libo , Yang Xiaowei , Li Cheng
Published: August 2023

Protein channels on the biofilm conditionally manipulate ion transport via regulating the distribution of charge residues, making analogous processes on artificial membranes a hot spot and challenge. Here, we employ metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) membrane with charge‐adjustable subnano‐channel to selectively govern ion transport. Various valent ions are binded with crown ethers embedded in the MOF cavity, which act as charged guest to regulate the channels’ charge state from the negativity to positivity. Compared with the negatively charged channel, the positive counterpart obviously enhances Li+/Mg2+ selectivity, which benefit from the reinforcement of the electrostatic repulsion between ions and the channel. Meanwhile, theoretical calculations reveal that Mg2+ transport through the more positively charged channel needed to overcome higher entrance energy barrier than that of Li+. This work provides a subtle strategy for ion‐selective transport upon regulating the charge state of insulating membrane, which paves the way for the application like seawater desalination and lithium extraction from salt lakes.
Enzyme‐Compatible Core‐Shell Nanoreactor for in Situ H2‐Driven NAD(P)H Regeneration
Authors: Wang Maodi , Dai Huicong , Yang Qihua
Published: August 2023

The regeneration of the reduced form cofactor NAD(P)H is essential for the extra‐cellular application of bio‐reduction, which necessitates not only the development of efficient artificial NAD(P)H regeneration catalytic system but also its well compatibility with the cascade enzymatic reduction system. In this work, we reported the preparation of a metal nanoparticle (NP) and metal complex integrated core‐shell nanoreactor for H2‐driven NAD(P)H regeneration through the immobilization of a Rh complex on Ni/TiO2 surface via a bipyridine contained 3D porous organic polymer (POP). In comparison with the corresponding single component metal NPs and the immobilized Rh complex, the integrated catalyst presented simultaneously enhanced activity and selectivity in NAD(P)H regeneration thanks to the rapid spillover of activated H species from metal NPs to Rh complex. In addition, the size‐sieving effect of POP precluded the direct interaction of enzyme and Rh complex confined in the pores, enabling the success coupling of core‐shell nanoreactor and aldehyde ketone reductase (AKR) for chemoenzymatic reduction of acetophenone to (R)‐1‐phenylethan‐1‐ol. This work provides a strategy for the rational manipulation of multicomponent cooperation catalysis.
Synthesis of Axially Chiral Biaryls through Cobalt(II)‐Catalyzed Atroposelective C−H Arylation
Authors: Wu Yong‐Jie , Wang Zhen‐Kai , Jia Zhen‐Sheng , Chen Jia‐Hao , Huang Fan‐Rui , Zhan Bei‐Bei , Yao Qi‐Jun , Shi Bing‐Feng
Published: August 2023

Highly efficient synthesis of axially chiral biaryl amines through cobalt‐catalyzed atroposelective C−H arylation using easily accessible cobalt(II) salt and salicyloxazoline ligand has been reported. This methodology provides a straightforward and sustainable access to a broad range of enantioenriched biaryl‐2‐amines in good yields (up to 99 %) with excellent enantioselectivities (up to 99 % ee). The synthetic utility of the unprecedented method is highlighted by its scalability and diverse transformations.
Thermally‐Induced Isomerization of Prenucleation Clusters During the Prenucleation Stage of CdTe Quantum Dots
Authors: Wang Tinghui , Wang Zhe , Wang Shanling , Chen Xiaoqin , Luan Chaoran , Yu Kui
Published: August 2023

The evolution of prenucleation clusters in the prenucleation stage of colloidal semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) has remained unexplored. With CdTe as a model system, we show that substances form and isomerize prior to the nucleation and growth of QDs. Called precursor compounds (PCs), the prenucleation clusters are relatively optically transparent and can transform to absorbing magic‐size clusters (MSCs). When a prenucleation‐stage sample at 25, 45, or 80 °C is dispersed in a mixture of cyclohexane (CH) and octylamine (OTA) at room temperature, either MSC‐371, MSC‐417, or MSC‐448 evolves with absorption peaking at 371, 417, or 448 nm, respectively. We propose that PC‐371 forms at 25 °C, and isomerizes to PC‐417 at 45 °C and to PC‐448 at 80 °C. The PCs and MSCs are quasi isomers. Relatively large and small amounts of OTA favor PC‐371 and PC‐448 in dispersion, respectively. The present findings suggest the existence of PC‐to‐PC isomerization in the QD prenucleation stage.
Asymmetric Allylic Substitution‐Isomerization for the Modular Synthesis of Axially Chiral N‐Vinylquinazolinones
Authors: Zou Jia‐Yu , Yang Yu‐Ying , Gu Jun , Liu Fei , Ye Zhiwen , Yi Wenbin , He Ying
Published: August 2023

Axially chiral N‐substituted quinazolinones are important bioactive molecules, which are presented in many synthetic drugs. However, most strategies toward their atroposelective synthesis are mainly limited to the axially chiral arylquinazolinone frameworks. The development of modular synthetic methods to access diverse quinazolinone‐based atropisomers remains scarce and challenging. Herein, we report the regio‐ and atroposelective synthesis of axially chiral N‐vinylquinazolinones via the strategy of asymmetric allylic substitution‐isomerization. The catalysis system utilized both asymmetric transition‐metal catalysis and organocatalysis to efficiently afford trisubstituted and tetrasubstituted N‐vinylquinazolinone atropisomers, respectively. With the meticulous design of β‐substituted allylic substrates, both Z‐ and E‐tetrasubstituted axially chiral N‐vinylquinazolinones were obtained in good yields and high enantioselectivities.