bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Negotiorum gestio
Authors: Harašić Žaklina
Published: July 2018

Cilj ovog rada jest doći do teorijskopravne spoznjaje instituta negotiorum gestio (poslovodstva bez naloga). Kad bismo pošli od načina koji je prevladavajući u dostupnoj pravnoznanstvenoj literaturi, mogli bismo doći samo do pojedinačne spoznaje negotiorum gestio, npr. do dogmatske ili historijske ili komparativne spoznaje, ali ne i do pravnoteorijske spoznaje. Do pravnoteorijske spoznaje pak možemo doći integralnom primjenom više metoda (zajedno) – dakle, i dogmatske i historijske i komparativne. Zašto primjenom pojedine metode ne možemo doći do spoznaje negotiorum gestio u cjelini, u potpunosti? Zato što svaka od tih metoda promatra negotiorum gestio s određenog aspekta. Dogmatska metoda promatra negotiorum gestio kao pravnu ustanovu konkretnog pozitivnopravnog poretka, npr. rimskog, francuskog, njemačkog. Primjenom historijske metode, negotiorum gestio objasnili bismo pojedinačnim, neponovljivim uzrokom ili bismo ga objasnili nekom drugom pojavom kao svojim neponovljivim, pojedinačnim uzrokom. Komparativnom metodom došli bismo do spoznaje koja opisuje sličnosti i razlike negotiorum gestio u različitim konkretnim pravnim porecima. No, primjenom pojedinih metoda (pojedinačno) ne bismo došli do spoznaje negotiorum gestio u cjelini – što zahtijeva i daje teorijskopravna spoznaja. Potreba za spoznajom cjeline postoji već samim time što svaki od tih načina spoznaje pretpostavlja da se negotiorum gestio pojavljuje u mnoštvu konkretnih pravnih poredaka u više od dvije tisuće godina. Napomenimo da je teorijskopravni pojam negotiorum gestio idealtip (u Weberovom smislu).
RESUME PEMBUATAN PROGRAM APLIKASI BORLAND DELPHI 7.0 BERBASIS PAPERPLAIN
Authors: solehawati Iis
Published: July 2018

Penting nya teknologi pada era modern seperti sekarang ini, menggerakkan semua orang yang berkecimpung di dunia computer menciptakan aplikasi-aplikasi yang di dedikasi memudahkan pengerjaan lebih cepat dari otak manusia. Banyak sekali alat yang di ciptakan untuk menyamai system kerja manusia bahkan dibuat agar manusia hanya menjadi penggerak saja. Kali ini adalah pembuatan aplikasi aplikasi yang berguna bagi banyak orang yang kami buat dengan semaksimal mungkin agar sempurna.
RESUME PEMBUATAN PROGRAM APLIKASI BORLAND DELPHI7.0 BERBASIS PAPERLAIN
Authors: eryani Vivi
Published: July 2018

ABSTRAKSecaraumum pengertianilmukomputerdapatdijabarkansebagaisebuahdisiplinilmuyangmempelajaritentangseluk-belukteknologikomputermulaidarihardwareataubisadisebutdenganperangkatkerasdanjugasofwareyangbisadisebutjugadenganperangkatlunak.Akantetapidalam penerapannyaIlmukomputersendirimenitikberatkanpadamateri-materiyangberhubungandenganpemrogramankomputer,danrekayasa perangkat lunak komputer.Sedangkan teknik komputercenderunglebihmenekankanpadapembelajaranmengenaiperangkatkeraskomputerdanjaringan.
RESUME PEMBUATAN PROGRAM ALIKASI BORLAND DELPHI 7.0 BERBASIS PAPERPLAIN
Authors: ANDIRA PENI JUWI
Published: July 2018

Secaraumum pengertianilmukomputerdapatdijabarkansebagaisebuahdisiplinilmuyangmempelajaritentangseluk-belukteknologikomputermulaidarihardwareataubisadisebutdenganperangkatkerasdanjugasofwareyangbisadisebutjugadenganperangkatlunak.Akantetapidalam penerapannyaIlmukomputersendirimenitikberatkanpadamateri-materiyangberhubungandenganpemrogramankomputer,danrekayasa perangkat lunak komputer.Sedangkan teknik komputercenderunglebihmenekankanpadapembelajaranmengenaiperangkatkeraskomputerdanjaringan
MAKALAH PERAN MAHASISWA DALAM POLITIK
Authors: Patty Yoseph Yermias
Published: July 2018

Dalam peran Mahasiswa memiliki sikap kritis yaitu sebagai agen of changes dan agen of control social. Sebagai agen of changes gerakan mahasiswa masih dipercaya oleh masyarakat mampu membawa perubahan. Hal ini dikarenakan pergerakan mahasiswa masih diisi oleh nilai-nilai kaum muda yang identik dengan gerakan moral yang bertumpuh pada empati dan simpati terhadap lingkungannya, masyarakatnya, bangsanya, menumbuhkan semangat keberpihakan pada rakyat, serta menjadi jembatan bagi dunia akademik danmasyarakat. Gerakan mahasiswa merupakan gerakan murni kepedulian yang penuh dengan analisis intelektual untuk perubahan.
Quantitative Series: Factors Analysis Effects of Government Regulation Number 46 the Year 2013 For SME’s by Justice, Convenience, and Simplicity of Tax Aspects
Authors: Justice Substantive , Aswari Aan , Perdana Aditya Halim
Published: July 2018

PUBLISHED IN WWW.SUBSTANTIVEJUSTICE.ID (July 20, 2018) In 2013 the business circle was struck by the new tax rules, namely Government Regulations PP No. 46, 2013 on taxation regulations among UKM (SME’s) / Small Medium Enterprises but the strong allegations issued PP 46 of 2013 is because the potential tax revenue from the sector of UKM has not been explored to the fullest. By the required by the taxpayer related PP. No. 46 of 2013 uses several variables, namely taxes, taxes, taxes and tax benefits. The object of this research is the perpetrators of UKM (SMEs) in Makassar City who do 40 people using quantitative analysis and quantitative analysis. The result of this research indicates that the perception of justice tax has a significant effect as well as the most dominant variable affecting taxpayer compliance, taxability perception has a significant adverse impact on taxpayer compliance, tax perception simplicity has no significant impact, taxpayer's judgment is not valid in testing. The overall coefficient of determination contributes 26.5%.
Community Involvement in Preparation of EIA Documents as Implementation of Participatory Principles In Law No.32 Year 2009 About Protection and Environmental Management
Authors: Justice Substantive
Published: July 2018

Has been published at www.substantivejustice.id (July 20, 2018) PT. Mandiri Mining Corporindo (MMC) is a mining company of Mangan in Bonehau Village, Bonehau District of Mamuju Regency, West Sulawesi Province with exploration license number 418/2009 and production operation license number 333 of 2010, where production process has started since October 2010, while the area of mining business license owned by PT.MMC is 178 ha covering 178 ha area covering production forest area 125 ha and community plantation 53 ha, but a newly managed area about 30 percent. Since the beginning of the opening of mining companies in this village has raised concerns about the negative impact of environmental damage, given the location of the mine directly bound to the plantation and rice fields of local communities. This is an exciting issue studied from the legal aspects of licensing, especially environmental permissions so that the problems in this research are; First what is the position of Environmental Impact Assesment EIA in PT.MMC environmental permit? Second, how does the community engage in the document of Environmental Impact Assesment EIA PT.MMC implementation. the results of this study indicate that the EIA position in the environmental permit is an absolute obligation and prerequisite if a company violates the environmental permit, the business license or activity may be canceled. And the PT.MMC EIA issuance procedure has been in accordance with the legislation but in its implementation is not in accordance with the planning.
Increased temporal sensitivity for threat: A Bayesian Generalised Linear Mixed Modelling approach
Authors: Tipples Jason
Published: July 2018

People overestimate the duration of threat-related facial expressions moreover, this effect increases with self-reported fearfulness (Tipples, 2008, 2011). Here, I test whether increased overestimation for threat-related facial expressions in high fearfulness generalizes to pictures of of threatening animals. A further goal was to illustrate the use of Bayesian Generalised Linear Mixed Modelling (BGLMM) to gain more accurate estimates of temporal performance, including estimates of temporal sensitivity. Participants (N = 53) completed a temporal bisection task in which they judged the duration of threatening animals (poised to attack) and non-threatening animals. People overestimated the duration of threatening animals and the effect increased with self-reported fearfulness. In support of rapid accumulation of time due to threat, temporal sensitivity was higher for threat compared to non-threatening images. Analyses indicate that temporal sensitivity effects may have been absent in previous research because of the method used to calculate the index of temporal sensitivity. The benefits of using the Bayesian Generalised Linear Mixed Modelling (BGLMM) are highlighted and researchers are encouraged to use this method as the first option for analysing temporal bisection data.
Linked Reading: Digital Historicism and Early Modern Discourses of Race around Shakespeare’s Othello
Authors: Lee James , Greteman Blaine , Lee Jason , Eichmann David
Published: July 2018

As Renaissance conceptions of otherness have become a locus of critical study, no work has been more central for making the case about dominant ideologies of race than Shakespeare's Othello. Ania Loomba has suggested that "more than any other play of the time, Othello allows us to see that skin colour, religion, and location were often contradictorily yoked together within ideologies of 'race,' and that all these attributes were animated by notions of sexual and gender difference." While some critics would moderate that view—pointing more or less toward religion, or gender, or geography—few would disagree about the basic ideology of race that Loomba identifies in the play and the early modern period. Daniel J. Vitkus, for example, focuses more on religious conversion than race, but still argues that "cultural anxieties about 'turning Turk'" were part of "the fear of a black planet that gripped Europeans in the early modern era as they faced the expansion of Ottoman power." Many others have agreed that the play "repeats and reinforces the already established perception of Turks as the 'religious threat' and racial 'other.'" A few, like Eric Griffin, have brought the focus on religion closer to home, reading the play as an expression of English nationalism during a time of tension with Catholic Spain, when anti-Catholic, anti-Spanish expression was its own form of othering "ethnocentric discourse." But even this broadened critical discussion is based on examination of a limited number of the texts published in early modern England, and it tells only a small part of the story of race in Othello. Digital approaches, however, open up a vast new body of texts for analysis, shifting the ground on which such criticism can take place.
Honors programs as forerunner for 21st century skills?
Authors: Eijl Pierre van , Peeters Ton , Moesker Henmar , Dillen Annemie , Pilot Albert , Ginkel Stan van
Published: July 2018

Honors programs are frequently regarded as inspiring for redesigning curricula in higher education that incorporate 21st century skills. This explorative study focuses on eliciting students’ perceptions regarding their learning gains related to these skills in honors programs. Results demonstrated high learning gains. Moreover, based on students’ insights, each honors program can be characterized by its own profile regarding the type of 21st century skills. Further, in two honors programs students were asked to compare their learning gains with the perceived learning in their regular program. The majority of students emphasized that their skills were highly promoted in their honors program in comparison with their regular program. Finally, students suggested varying possibilities to incorporate honors activities in their regular program. However, from a curriculum design perspective, adjustments are needed to fit the regular groups of students.
Promoting talent development in honours: The Honours Experience
Authors: Eijl Pierre van , Pilot Albert , Gelink Vincent , Dibo Ninib
Published: July 2018

In recent years many honours programmes were introduced at universities and colleges in the Netherlands (Van Eijl, Pilot & Wolfensberger, 2010). An important goal of these programmes is to stimulate students to more fully develop their talents. To get more insight in the process of talent development from the perspective of honours students, we started a project. Forty honours students and honours alumni from eleven different universities and eight of their teachers were interviewed about the development of their talents, why they participated in an honours programme and what their experiences were in those programmes (Van Eijl & Pilot, 2016). These interviews gave an in-depth picture of students’ honours experiences and thereby gave insight into the process of talent development. This process is represented by the Circle of Talent Development. In the second part of this paper (step 9b of the Circle) we focus on the use of honours as laboratory for 21st century skills and the dilemma of teachers between “control and letting go” are discussed.
“Two Wheels Bad”?
Authors: Cunningham Michael
Published: July 2018

The Youth Hostels Association (YHA) was founded to provide cheap accommodation
for rural holidays. It catered to both walkers and cyclists. However, many
perceived the organization as one that favored walkers and considered walking
to be a superior form of travel. This perception is examined through the study
of four areas; the dispositions and statements of leading figures, the literature
of the YHA, the press response to its formation, and the policy interventions of
the YHA. Despite this, the YHA had close institutional links with cycling organizations
and many cyclists among its members. This article traces the YHA’s
relationship with walkers and cyclists and, despite occasional tensions, shows
that the two groups could be accommodated within the organization.
Diverse Driving Emotions
Authors: Kerr Sophie-May , Klocker Natascha , Waitt Gordon
Published: July 2018

In the industrialized West, cars are considered an essential part of everyday
life. Their dominance is underpinned by the challenges of managing complex,
geographically stretched daily routines. Drivers’ emotional and embodied relationships
with automobiles also help to explain why car cultures are difficult
to disrupt. This article foregrounds ethnic diversity to complicate notions of
a “love affair” with the car. We report on the mobilities of fourteen Chinese
migrants living in Sydney, Australia—many of whom described embodied
dispositions against the car, influenced by their life histories. Their emotional
responses to cars and driving, shaped by transport norms and infrastructures
in their places of origin, ranged from pragmatism and ambivalence to fear and
hostility. The lived experiences of these migrants show that multiple cultures of
mobility coexist, even in ostensibly car-dependent societies. Migrants’ life histories
and contemporary practices provide an opportunity to reflect on fissures
in the logic of automobility.
The “Mangle” of Human Practice
Authors: Tzanelli Rodanthi
Published: July 2018

Praça Mauá, 1 – Centro, Rio de Janeiro – RJ, 20081-240, Brasil
https://museudoamanha.org.br/en

We are accustomed to museums full of heritage displays from bygone eras,
helpfully “seriated” for the visitor to tell a story of linear human progress toward
an “end”: the great metanarrative of (Western) modernity. This is not
so with the Museu do Amanhã (Museum of Tomorrow) in Rio de Janeiro. A
joint public-private partner venture (by the City of Rio de Janeiro, the Roberto
Marinho Foundation, Banco Santander, the British Gas Project, and the
government of Brazil), the museum was conceptualized as a dark but openended
narrative on climate change and the future of humanity.
The correlation between accumulation of amyloid beta with enhanced neuroinflammation and cognitive impairment after intraventricular hemorrhage
Authors: Jiang Conglin , Zou Xiang , Zhu Renqing , Shi Yimin , Wu Zehan , Zhao Fan , Chen Liang
Published: July 2018

OBJECTIVE

Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) is found in approximately 40% of intracerebral hemorrhages and is associated with increased mortality and poor functional outcome. Cognitive impairment is one of the complications and occurs due to various pathological changes. Amyloid beta (Aβ) accumulation and neuroinflammation, and the Alzheimer disease–like pathology, may contribute to cognitive impairment. Iron, the degradation product of hemoglobin, correlates with Aβ. In this study, the authors investigated the correlation between Aβ accumulation with enhanced neuroinflammation and cognitive impairment in a rat model of IVH.

METHODS

Nine male Sprague-Dawley rats underwent an intraventricular injection of autologous blood. Another 9 rats served as controls. Cognitive function was assessed by the Morris water maze and T-maze rewarded alternation tests. Biomarkers of Aβ accumulation, neuroinflammation, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) activation were examined.

RESULTS

Cognitive function was impaired in the autologous blood injection group compared with the control group. In the blood injection group, Aβ accumulation was observed, with a co-located correlation between iron storage protein ferritin and Aβ. Beta-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme–1 (BACE1) activity was elevated. Microgliosis and astrogliosis were observed in hippocampal CA1, CA2, CA3, and dentate gyrus areas, with elevated proinflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor–α and interleukin-1. Protein levels of phosphorylated JNK were increased after blood injection.

CONCLUSIONS

Aβ accumulation and enhanced neuroinflammation have a role in cognitive impairment after IVH. A potential therapeutic method requires further investigation.
Macrophage CD163 expression in cerebrospinal fluid: association with subarachnoid hemorrhage outcome
Authors: Thomas Ajith J. , Ogilvy Christopher S. , Griessenauer Christoph J. , Hanafy Khalid A.
Published: July 2018

OBJECTIVE

Even though heme-induced cerebral inflammation contributes to many of the adverse sequelae seen in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), little is known about the mechanism; mouse models have shown a critical role for macrophages/microglia. Macrophage CD163 is a hemoglobin scavenger receptor involved in blood clearance after SAH. The authors hypothesized that the modified Fisher score is independently associated with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) macrophage CD163 expression on postictal day 1, and that CSF macrophage CD163 expression is associated with 1-month neurological outcome.

METHODS

CSF macrophages from 21 SAH and 28 unruptured aneurysm patients (control) were analyzed for CD163 expression using flow cytometry and confocal microscopy on postictal day 1. Significant associations with modified Fisher scale grades or modified Rankin Scale scores were determined using linear regression and a matched case control analysis.

RESULTS

CSF macrophage CD163 expression was significantly increased in SAH patients compared with controls (p < 0.001). The modified Fisher scale (mF) grades (β = 0.407, p = 0.005) and CSF bilirubin concentrations (β = 0.311, p = 0.015) were positively and independently associated with CSF macrophage CD163 expression when the analysis was controlled for age and sex. CSF macrophages from an SAH patient with a high mF grade had increased co-localization of CD163 and glycophorin A (CD235a, an erythrocyte marker) compared with those from an SAH patient with a low mF grade. The controls had no co-localization. CSF macrophage CD163 expression (p = 0.003) was inversely associated with 1-month neurological outcome, when SAH patients were matched based on mF grade.

CONCLUSIONS

This early study suggests that CSF macrophage CD163 expression, as measured by flow cytometry, may have some neuroprotective function given its inverse association with outcome and provides unique insights into the neuroinflammatory process after SAH.
The influence of spinopelvic parameters on adjacent-segment degeneration after short spinal fusion for degenerative spondylolisthesis
Authors: Hsieh Ming-Kai , Kao Fu-Cheng , Chen Wen-Jer , Chen I-Jung , Wang Sheng-Fen
Published: July 2018

OBJECTIVE

Spinopelvic parameters, such as the pelvic incidence (PI) angle, sacral slope angle, and pelvic tilt angle, are important anatomical indices for determining the sagittal curvature of the spine and the individual variability of the lumbar lordosis (LL) curve. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of spinopelvic parameters and LL on adjacent-segment degeneration (ASD) after short lumbar and lumbosacral fusion for single-level degenerative spondylolisthesis.

METHODS

The authors retrospectively reviewed the records of all short lumbar and lumbosacral fusion surgeries performed between August 2003 and July 2010 for single-level degenerative spondylolisthesis in their orthopedic department.

RESULTS

A total of 30 patients (21 women and 9 men, mean age 64 years) with ASD after lower lumbar or lumbosacral fusion surgery comprised the study group. Thirty matched patients (21 women and 9 men, mean age 63 years) without ASD comprised the control group, according to the following matching criteria: same diagnosis on admission, similar pathologic level (≤ 1 level difference), similar sex, and age. The average follow-up was 6.8 years (range 5–8 years). The spinopelvic parameters had no significant influence on ASD after short spinal fusion.

CONCLUSIONS

Neither the spinopelvic parameters nor a mismatch of PI and LL were significant factors responsible for ASD after short spinal fusion due to single-level degenerative spondylolisthesis.
Allocation skew: Managers with conviction
Authors: Srimurthy Vikram K. , Smalbach Matthew
Published: July 2018

We introduce Allocation Skew, a novel country allocator. This factor favours countries held with conviction by a small minority of managers. We find that strategies which buy and sell, respectively, the Morgan Stanley Capital International (MSCI) country indices with the highest and lowest scores in terms of this factor generate significant positive returns over a forward annual holding period. We also find that the profitability of this strategy is independent of the momentum effect of Muller and Ward. To build the Allocation Skew factor, we use a dataset that captures fund country allocations, compiled by Emerging Portfolio Fund Research (EPFR Global).
White Matter and Cognition in Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Filley Christopher M. , Kelly James P.
Published: July 2018

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of disability and produces a wide range of cognitive, emotional, and physical consequences. The impact of TBI on cognition is among the most important questions in this field but remains incompletely understood. The immediate cognitive effects of concussion, while usually short-lived, may be profound and lasting in some individuals, and long-term sequelae of TBI may include dementia of several varieties including post-traumatic leukoencephalopathy, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer’s disease. Whereas the etiopathogenesis of cognitive dysfunction after TBI remains uncertain, a reasonable point to begin is a focus on the white matter of the brain, where the neuropathological lesion known as diffuse axonal injury (DAI) is routinely identified. White matter is not typically accorded the significance granted to cortical gray matter in discussions of cognitive dysfunction and dementia, but increasing evidence is accumulating to suggest that cognitive decline after TBI is a direct result of white matter injury, and that lesions in this brain component are crucial in the sequence of events leading ultimately to dementia of several types. In this review, we consider the topic of white matter and cognition in TBI, beginning with DAI and proceeding to the role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of cognitive dysfunction and dementia that can follow. A brief review of possible therapeutic options will also be offered, including the use of anti-inflammatory agents and the exploitation of white matter plasticity, to treat acute and post-acute injuries, and lower the incidence of dementia resulting from TBI.
Neuro-Immuno-Gene- and Genome-Editing-Therapy for Alzheimer’s Disease: Are We There Yet?
Authors: Raikwar Sudhanshu P. , Thangavel Ramasamy , Dubova Iuliia , Ahmed Mohammad Ejaz , Selvakumar Pushpavathi Govindhasamy , Kempuraj Duraisamy , Zaheer Smita , Iyer Shankar , Zaheer Asgar
Published: July 2018

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a highly complex neurodegenerative disorder and the current treatment strategies are largely ineffective thereby leading to irreversible and progressive cognitive decline in AD patients. AD continues to defy successful treatment despite significant advancements in the field of molecular medicine. Repeatedly, early promising preclinical and clinical results have catapulted into devastating setbacks leading to multi-billion dollar losses not only to the top pharmaceutical companies but also to the AD patients and their families. Thus, it is very timely to review the progress in the emerging fields of gene therapy and stem cell-based precision medicine. Here, we have made sincere efforts to feature the ongoing progress especially in the field of AD gene therapy and stem cell-based regenerative medicine. Further, we also provide highlights in elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying AD pathogenesis and describe novel AD therapeutic targets and strategies for the new drug discovery. We hope that the quantum leap in the scientific advancements and improved funding will bolster novel concepts that will propel the momentum toward a trajectory leading to a robust AD patient-specific next generation precision medicine with improved cognitive function and excellent life quality.
Neonatal meningitis and maternal sepsis caused by Streptococcus oralis
Authors: Poi B.N. , Pasupulety Venkata N.K. , Auckland C.R. , Paul S.P.
Published: July 2018

A newborn male infant was admitted to the neonatal unit with suspected early onset neonatal sepsis for monitoring and intravenous antibiotics. Despite his initial normal clinical and laboratory parameters, cerebrospinal fluid cultures done on day 4 of life confirmed Streptococcus oralis meningitis. His mother became unwell shortly after labour, and grew Streptococcus oralis in her blood cultures. Both were successfully treated with antibiotics and made a full recovery. Streptococcus oralis has been associated with meningitis in patients receiving spinal anaesthesia or following dental work, but is an uncommon cause of neonatal meningitis and maternal sepsis. We describe the first case in the literature where a mother-baby pair developed invasive non-pyogenic streptococcal disease with the same organism. There is a need for robust guidelines on antibiotic therapy in these cases.
Preliminary clinical application of integrated 125I seeds stents in the therapy of malignant lower biliary tract obstruction
Authors: Chen Wei , Fang Xiang-Ming , Wang Xuan , Sudarshan Sanjeev Kumar Pitla , Hu Xiao-Yun , Chen Hong-Wei
Published: July 2018

Purpose:

To evaluate the clinical efficacy of percutaneous trans-hepatic integrated 125I seed stents implantation for malignant lower biliary tract obstruction.

Methods:

Thirty-two patients with malignant lower biliary obstruction were randomly divided into two groups. One group underwent the therapy with integrated 125I seed stents (Test group, n = 13), and another group received conventional metal stents implantation for treatment (Control group, n = 19). The pre- and post-operative changes in biochemical indices, white blood cell count, IgG level, stent patency, survival time, tumor size and complications were compared between the two groups. RECIST 1.1 (Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors) was used to evaluate therapeutic effects. The average follow-up time was 12.3 months.

Results:

The differences between pre- and post-operative (30 days) intragroup biochemical indices had statistically significant difference ( P < 0.05), but there were no significant differences ( P > 0.05) in leukocyte counts and IgG levels. As to the median time of stent patency and patients’ survival, there were significant differences ( P < 0.05) between Control and Test groups (3.9 months vs. 8.1 months, 139 days vs. 298 days, respectively). Three months after the operation, the average tumor size was reduced in the Test group, but was increased in the Control group ( P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of complications between the two groups. The evaluation results using RECIST 1.1 showed that there were statistically significant differences between the two groups in terms of the rates of remission, control, and progression ( χ2 = 17.5, P < 0.05).

Conclusions:

The study indicates that integrated 125I seed stents are effective in reducing jaundice symptoms, inhibiting tumor growth, improving stent patency and prolonging patient survival, which may serve as a safer and more feasible method in treating malignant lower biliary obstruction with minimal invasiveness.
Affective Aesthetics beneath Art and Architecture: Deleuze, Francis Bacon and Vogelkop Bowerbirds
Authors: Kodalak Gökhan
Published: July 2018

There is an aesthetic undercurrent traversing Deleuze's philosophy along confluent trajectories of Baruch Spinoza and Friedrich Nietzsche, which harbours untapped potentials and far-reaching consequences for contemporary discussions of art and architecture. According to this subterranean stream, aesthetic experience is generated, neither in ready-made mental faculties of a subject, nor in essential qualities of an object, but through affective interactions of a relational field. A cartographic inquiry of affective aesthetics constitutes the subject matter of this paper, beginning with a philosophical elaboration that connects aesthetic theories of Spinoza, Nietzsche and Deleuze, evolving via a comparative analysis of aesthetic processes specific to Francis Bacon's artistic assemblages and Vogelkop bowerbirds' architectural constructs, and concluding with the possibility of a non-anthropocentric aesthetics.
Passive Damping of Rotationally Periodic Structures with Tuned Piezoelectric Inductive Shunt
Authors: Mokrani Bilal , Bastaits Renaud , Romanescu Iulian , Horodinca Mihaita , Burda Ioan , Preumont André
Published: July 2018

This paper considers the piezoelectric resistive and inductive RL shunt damping applied to rotationally periodic structures equipped with an array of regularly spaced piezoelectric patches. A method for simplifying the hardware, by reducing the size of the inductors and eliminating the use of synthetic inductors, is described. The paper compares two different ways of using the piezoelectric array: independent loops and parallel loops. It shows that, if a specific mode with n nodal diameters is targeted, mounting 4n piezoelectric patches in two parallel loops is as efficient as mounting them in 4n independent loops, while considerably reducing the demand on the inductors, L, (by 4n2). The method takes advantage of the mode shapes of rotationally periodic structures. The proposed method is validated numerically and experimentally on a rotationally periodic circular plate (nearly axisymmetric). The proposed technique is aimed at turbomachinery applications.
The Organization of Corporate Crime: Introduction to Special Issue of Administrative Sciences
Authors: Van Erp Judith
Published: July 2018

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Surveillance for Antimicrobial Resistance in Gonorrhea: The Alberta Model, 2012–2016
Authors: Gratrix Jennifer , Kamruzzaman Anmmd , Martin Irene , Smyczek Petra , Read Ron , Bertholet Lindsay , Naidu Prenilla , Singh Ameeta E.
Published: July 2018

Alberta established a surveillance system in 2001 to monitor resistance to antibiotics used for the treatment of gonorrhea. A retrospective review of gonorrhea cases during the last five years was conducted. All cases of gonorrhea were reportable to public health by testing laboratories and clinicians. Specimens were primarily submitted for nucleic acid amplification testing (NAAT); three sentinel sites obtained specimens for culture and NAAT. The Provincial Laboratory for Public Health conducted E-tests on isolates for multiple antibiotics. A proportion of isolates and NAAT specimens were submitted to the National Microbiology Laboratory for sequence typing (ST). Data were combined and analyzed using SAS version 9.4. Between 2012 and 2016, 13,132 gonorrhea cases were reported; 22.0% (n = 2891) had isolates available for susceptibility testing. All culture positive isolates were susceptible to ceftriaxone. Decreased susceptibility (0.5 ug/mL) to cefixime was reported in four cases in 2014. Resistance to azithromycin (≥2 ug/mL) ranged between 0.4% and 1.8%. Many (n = 509) unique STs were identified; the most prevalent sequence groups (SG) were SG-7638 (n = 367), SG-5985 (n = 145), and SG-11299 (n = 127). The Alberta model for maintaining surveillance for antimicrobial resistance in gonorrhea employs culture and NAAT specimens, providing information crucial to informing provincial treatment guidelines.
Dietary Antioxidants and Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases
Authors: Grosso Giuseppe
Published: July 2018

n/a
Temperature Comparison of Looped and Vertical Carbon Nanotube Fibers during Field Emission
Authors: Zhang Peng , Park Jeongho , Fairchild Steven B. , Lockwood Nathaniel P. , Lau Yue Ying , Ferguson John , Back Tyson
Published: July 2018

Carbon nanotube (CNT) fiber-based emitters have shown great potential to deliver stable, high current beams for various potential applications. Because of joule heating, CNT field emitters are heated to high temperatures during field emission. It is important to improve the thermal management of emitters to increase their reliability and prevent premature failure. This paper compares the field emission characteristics and the temperature distribution of a new configuration of a looped CNT fiber emitter with a traditional single vertical CNT fiber emitter. It is found that the maximum temperature of the looped fiber emitter (~300 °C) is significantly reduced compared to that of the vertical fiber (~600 °C) at the same emission current of 3 mA. The experimentally measured temperature distribution is compared with a recent theory on joule heating of a one-dimensional conductor. This study provides new insights into the design of high performance field emitters.
Coherent Optical Field Manipulation and Optical Information Processing Based on Electromagnetically-Induced Transparency Effect in Pr3+:Y2SiO5 Crystal
Authors: Liu Jianji , Li Zhixiang , Fan Hongming , Zhang Guoquan
Published: July 2018

We reviewed the recent progress in coherent manipulation on light fields based on the electromagnetically-induced transparency (EIT) effect in Pr3+-doped Y2SiO5 crystal. The results show that, on one hand, the atomic coherence grating, formed when the light pulse is stored in Pr3+:Y2SiO5 crystal under the EIT condition has similar properties to the traditional holographic grating. On the other hand, the atomic coherence grating has its own unique characteristics that are different from those of traditional holographic grating. The EIT-induced nonlinearity and atomic coherence gratings can be used to manipulate the amplitude, the phase and the polarization state of light fields; therefore, they are of important applications for optical signal processing, quantum information processing and imaging processing.
The Hot-Dry-Windy Index: A New Fire Weather Index
Authors: Srock Alan F. , Charney Joseph J. , Potter Brian E. , Goodrick Scott L.
Published: July 2018

Fire weather indices are commonly used by fire weather forecasters to predict when weather conditions will make a wildland fire difficult to manage. Complex interactions at multiple scales between fire, fuels, topography, and weather make these predictions extremely difficult. We define a new fire weather index called the Hot-Dry-Windy Index (HDW). HDW uses the basic science of how the atmosphere can affect a fire to define the meteorological variables that can be predicted at synoptic-and meso-alpha-scales that govern the potential for the atmosphere to affect a fire. The new index is formulated to account for meteorological conditions both at the Earth’s surface and in a 500-m layer just above the surface. HDW is defined and then compared with the Haines Index (HI) for four historical fires. The Climate Forecast System Reanalysis (CFSR) is used to provide the meteorological data for calculating the indices. Our results indicate that HDW can identify days on which synoptic-and meso-alpha-scale weather processes can contribute to especially dangerous fire behavior. HDW is shown to perform better than the HI for each of the four historical fires. Additionally, since HDW is based on the meteorological variables that govern the potential for the atmosphere to affect a fire, it is possible to speculate on why HDW would be more or less effective based on the conditions that prevail in a given fire case. The HI, in contrast, does not have a physical basis, which makes speculation on why it works or does not work difficult because the mechanisms are not clear.
The Impacts of Taklimakan Dust Events on Chinese Urban Air Quality in 2015
Authors: Li Xiaoyu , Liu Xiaodong , Yin Zhi-Yong
Published: July 2018

Aerosols are an important factor affecting air quality. As the largest source of dust aerosol of East Asia, the Taklimakan Desert in Northwest China witnesses frequent dust storm events, which bring about significant impacts on the downstream air quality. However, the scope and timing of the impacts of Taklimakan dust events on Chinese urban air quality have not yet been fully investigated. In this paper, based on multi-source dust data including ground observations, satellite monitoring, and reanalysis products, as well as air quality index (AQI) and the mass concentrations of PM10 and PM2.5 at 367 urban stations in China for 2015, we examined the temporal and spatial characteristics of the impacts of the Taklimakan dust events on downstream urban air quality in China. The results show that the Taklimakan dust events severely affected the air quality of most cities in Northwest China including eastern Xinjiang, Hexi Corridor and Guanzhong Basin, and even northern Southwest China, leading to significant increases in mass concentrations of PM10 and PM2.5 in these cities correlating with the occurrence of dust events. The mass concentrations of PM10 on dust days increased by 11–173% compared with the non-dust days, while the mass concentration of PM2.5 increased by 21–172%. The increments of the mass concentrations of PM10 and PM2.5 on dust days decreased as the distances increased between the cities and the Taklimakan Desert. The influence of the Taklimakan dust events on the air quality in the downstream cities usually persisted for up to four days. The mass concentrations of PM10 and PM2.5 increased successively and the impact duration shortened gradually with increasing distances to the source area as a strong dust storm progressed toward the southeast from the Taklimakan Desert. The peaks of the PM10 concentrations in the downstream cities of eastern Xinjiang, the Hexi Corridor and the Guanzhong Basin occurred on the second, third and fourth days, respectively, after the initiation of the Taklimakan dust storm.
Block Generalized Locally Toeplitz Sequences: From the Theory to the Applications
Authors: Garoni Carlo , Mazza Mariarosa , Serra-Capizzano Stefano
Published: July 2018

The theory of generalized locally Toeplitz (GLT) sequences is a powerful apparatus for computing the asymptotic spectral distribution of matrices An arising from virtually any kind of numerical discretization of differential equations (DEs). Indeed, when the mesh fineness parameter n tends to infinity, these matrices An give rise to a sequence {An}n, which often turns out to be a GLT sequence or one of its “relatives”, i.e., a block GLT sequence or a reduced GLT sequence. In particular, block GLT sequences are encountered in the discretization of systems of DEs as well as in the higher-order finite element or discontinuous Galerkin approximation of scalar DEs. Despite the applicative interest, a solid theory of block GLT sequences has been developed only recently, in 2018. The purpose of the present paper is to illustrate the potential of this theory by presenting a few noteworthy examples of applications in the context of DE discretizations.
3D Carbon Microelectrodes with Bio-Functionalized Graphene for Electrochemical Biosensing
Authors: Hemanth Suhith , Halder Arnab , Caviglia Claudia , Chi Qijin , Keller Stephan Sylvest
Published: July 2018

An enzyme-based electrochemical biosensor has been developed with 3D pyrolytic carbon microelectrodes that have been coated with bio-functionalized reduced graphene oxide (RGO). The 3D carbon working electrode was microfabricated using the pyrolysis of photoresist precursor structures, which were subsequently functionalized with graphene oxide and enzymes. Glucose detection was used to compare the sensor performance achieved with the 3D carbon microelectrodes (3DCMEs) to the 2D electrode configuration. The 3DCMEs provided an approximately two-fold higher sensitivity of 23.56 µA·mM−1·cm−2 compared to 10.19 µA mM−1·cm−2 for 2D carbon in glucose detection using cyclic voltammetry (CV). In amperometric measurements, the sensitivity was more than 4 times higher with 0.39 µA·mM−1·cm−2 for 3D electrodes and 0.09 µA·mM−1·cm−2 for the 2D configuration. The stability analysis of the enzymes on the 3D carbon showed reproducible results over 7 days. The selectivity of the electrode was evaluated with solutions of glucose, uric acid, cholesterol and ascorbic acid, which showed a significantly higher response for glucose.
A Novel Stilbene-Like Compound That Reduces Melanin through Inhibiting Melanocyte Differentiation and Proliferation without Inhibiting Tyrosinase
Authors: Martinson Kristy , Stueven Noah , Monte Aaron , Huang Cheng-chen
Published: July 2018

Cosmetic practices that use skin-lightening agents to obtain desired skin tones or treat pigment abnormalities have been popular worldwide. However, the molecular and cellular mechanisms of these agents are still largely unknown. Here we identified a family of compounds, with the lead compound named A11, that exhibited strong pigment reduction in developing zebrafish embryos. The pigment inhibition lasted for several days and is effective both before and after melanogenesis. By comparison with several known skin-lightening compounds, A11 appeared to be more potent and caused slower pigment recovery after withdrawal. A11, however, did not inhibit tyrosinase or cause apoptosis in melanocytes. We further found that A11 suppressed proliferation in melanocytes and reduced the number of differentiated melanocytes by activating MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) and Akt. Finally, A11 also caused melanin reduction in mammalian melanocytes. Together, A11 might be a potent skin-lightening agent with novel mechanisms.
Heavily Boron Doped Diamond Powder: Synthesis and Rietveld Refinement
Authors: Zibrov Igor P. , Filonenko Vladimir P.
Published: July 2018

Boron-doped diamonds were synthesized by the reaction of an amorphous globular carbon powder (80%) with a powder of 1,7-di (oxymethyl)-M-carborane (20%) in a ‘toroid’-type high-pressure chamber at a pressure of 8.0 GPa and temperature of 1700 °C. The structure was refined by the Rietveld method according to the X-ray powder diffraction data. It was shown that the unit cell parameters of these diamonds have two discrete quantities: around 3.570 Å for small concentrations of B (~1–1.5%) and around 3.578 Å for large concentrations of B (~2–3%). The concentration of the vacancies in the diamonds exceeds the concentration of boron atoms by 2–3 fold. This fact can play an important role in the formation of the structure and in determining the physical properties of diamonds.
Urinary Tract Infections among Bladder Outlet Obstruction Patients in Accra, Ghana: Aetiology, Antibiotic Resistance, and Risk Factors
Authors: Asafo-Adjei Karikari , Mensah James E. , Labi Appiah-Korang , Dayie Nicholas T. K. D. , Donkor Eric S.
Published: July 2018

The aim of this study was to investigate urinary tract infections among patients with Bladder Outlet Obstruction (BOO) at the Korle Bu Teaching Hospital (KBTH) in Accra, Ghana, including the prevalence, risk factors, aetiological agents and their antibiogram. Urine specimens were collected from 188 male patients presenting with BOO and cultured for bacteria. The bacterial isolates were identified using standard microbiological methods and tested against a spectrum of antimicrobial agents using the Kirby Bauer method. Demographic information and the clinical history of study participants were also recorded. The prevalence of urinary tract infection among the BOO patients was 76.6% and the main risk factor identified was catheterization (p < 0.0001). A wide range of bacterial organisms was isolated from urine specimens and they were predominantly, Enterobacteriaceae; Escherichia coli was the most frequent cause of bacteriuria (33.3%), followed by Klebsiella (17.3%). Bacterial isolates were most resistant to Augmentin (97.8%) followed by tetracycline (85.8%), nalidixic acid (82.8%) and ciprofloxacin (75%) while 93.6% were multi-drug resistant. The highest susceptibility was observed with amikacin, which had a resistance prevalence of 4.4% resistance. These findings have important implications in the treatment of urinary tract infections among the BOO patients in Ghana.
Thermal Characteristics of Staggered Double-Layer Microchannel Heat Sink
Authors: Jing Dalei , He Lei
Published: July 2018

The present work numerically studies the thermal characteristics of a staggered double-layer microchannel heat sink (DLMCHS) with an offset between the upper layer of microchannels and lower layer of microchannels in the width direction, and investigates effects of inlet velocity and geometric parameters including the offset of the two layers of microchannels, vertical rib thickness and microchannel aspect ratio on the thermal resistance of the staggered DLMCHS. The present work found that the thermal resistance of the staggered DLMCHS increases with the increasing offset value when the vertical rib thickness is small, but decreases firstly and then increases as the offset value increases when the vertical rib thickness is large enough. Furthermore, the thermal resistance of the staggered DLMCHS decreases with the increasing offset when the aspect ratio is small, but increases with the increasing offset when the aspect ratio is large enough. Thus, for the DLMCHS with a small microchannel aspect ratio and large vertical rib thickness, the offset between the upper layer of microchannels and the lower layer of microchannels in the width direction is a potential method to reduce thermal resistance and improve the thermal performance of the DLMCHS.