bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modulator-refractory cystic fibrosis: Defining the scope and challenges of an emerging at-risk population
Authors: Somerville Lindsay , Borish Larry , Noth Imre , Albon Dana
Published: November 2024

Cystic fibrosis (CF) causes life-shortening respiratory and systemic disease due to dysfunction of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) chloride channel. Highly effective modulator therapies (HEMT) improve the lives of many people with cystic fibrosis (PwCF) by correcting the structure and function of the defective CFTR channel at the molecular level. Despite these advancements, a subset of patients—termed modulator-refractory CF—continues to experience two or more pulmonary exacerbations per year requiring hospitalization or intravenous antibiotics, regardless of other modulator benefits. This underrecognized group represents an emerging challenge within the CF community. We discuss the benefits and limitations of current CFTR modulator therapies and the urgent need to investigate this emerging at-risk population. While HEMT improves lung function, decreases exacerbations, reduces the need for lung transplantation, and lowers mortality, increasing evidence shows that not all patients benefit equally. At the University of Virginia, nearly 6% of adults with CF exhibit the modulator-refractory phenotype. The driving factors of modulator-refractory CF are likely multifactorial, including genetic variations, variable immune responses, preexisting bronchiectasis, microbiological colonization, preexisting comorbid conditions, and environmental and socioeconomic factors. This perspective review recognizes and defines modulator-refractory CF as a distinct emerging clinical phenotype in the post-modulator era. Understanding this phenotype is crucial for reducing morbidity and mortality, and for improving the quality of life for PwCF. Raising awareness of modulator-refractory CF will help the community address this population and perform further research to identify causes. The emergence of modulator-refractory CF highlights a significant gap in our current treatment landscape and provides an opportunity to develop innovative therapeutic strategies that may benefit the entire CF community, ensuring that no person with CF is left behind.
Efficacy and Mechanisms of Jiyin Fang (Granule) Against Postmenopausal Coronary Heart Disease Complicated with Osteoporosis
Authors: Zhao Lei , Huang He , Liu Xiaohu , Qi Yue , Li Miao , Zhu Jinghe , Liu He , Gan Yu , Tang Si , Fan Yinglan , Liang Maoxin
Published: November 2024

Purpose

To explore the efficacy and mechanisms of Jiyin Fang (JYF) against postmenopausal coronary heart disease (CHD) complicated with osteoporosis (OP).

Methods

Firstly, collected ingredients and relative targets of JYF from TCMSP and BATMAN-TCM database, disease targets of CHD and OP from GeneCards, TTD and OMIM database. By use of protein to protein (PPI) network, Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis, obtained core targets and mechanism pathways. Finally, preliminarily explore the pharmacological effect and major targets partly to explain the mechanism, through experiment of ovariectomized CHD with OP model rats treated with JYF.

Results

Total of 112 ingredients and 253 related targets of JYF, 173 disease targets common to CHD and OP were screened out. PPI network indicated 9 core targets. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis showed 20 major signal pathway. Rats experiment displayed that JYF could ameliorate the structural injury of aortic arch and femur; reduce the abnormal changes of ST segment and T wave of ECG; decrease the content of BGP, OPG, ALP, CTX, IL-6 and TNFα, increase the levels of PINP in serum; inhibit P53, MAPK, NF-κB and IKK protein expression, promote PPARG protein expression of aortic arch; inhibit NRF2, AKT protein expression and up-regulate p-STAT1, MMP9 protein expression in femur.

Conclusion

JYF can achieve the purpose of anti postmenopausal CHD complicated with OP. The potential mechanism may relate to P53/MAPK/NF-κB in aortic arch, and AKT/NRF2/p-STAT1 in bone, due to IL-6 and TNFα.
Users’ Satisfaction Regarding Continuance Intention of Subscription Video-on-Demand Platforms for Watching Football Matches: A Stimulus-Organism-Response Perspective
Authors: Samudro Bintang , Susilo Muhammad Halim , Armadito Muhammad Rafli , Handayani Putu Wuri , Fitriani Hana
Published: November 2024

Subscription video-on-demand (SVoD) platforms have become popular among football fans in Indonesia. This study aims to analyze the factors that influence users’ satisfaction regarding their intention to continue using SVoD to watch football matches. The quantitative data in this study were based on 594 survey responses and were analyzed using the covariance-based structural equation model. The qualitative data obtained in this study were analyzed using the content analysis method. The results of this study indicate that the ease of access anytime and anywhere and the ease of use of SVoD services have a positive effect on users’ perceptions of the value they receive and that the fun and entertainment obtained from SVoD services have a positive effect on matching user expectations. In turn, matching users’ expectations has a positive effect on their views of the services and level of satisfaction, and the level of user satisfaction has a positive effect on their intention to continue subscribing to SVoD services to watch football matches. This research is expected to provide insight for SVoD service providers who broadcast football matches to help evaluate their services and improve users’ intentions to continue using the service.
Beyond the Silver Screen: Exploring Future Public Life Through Sociological Film Analysis
Authors: Eren İbrahim , Aktan Esin Özlem Aktuğlu
Published: November 2024

This study seeks to interrogate prospective configurations of public life through science fiction films, particularly by addressing the effects of technological advances and changes on society. In the study’s methodology, 27 films were assessed using the sociological film analysis method. In these films, an analysis was conducted on thematic elements, encompassing aspects such as the physical environment, socio-cultural structures, public life, technological infrastructure, and dynamics of human relationships. As a result, a codex of thematic codes was meticulously crafted. The main findings indicate that the films contain scenarios that discuss the boundaries of public space and reflect future social structures. The emphasis appears to be on how and to what extent technology is used. This research presents novel ideas and a platform for discussion for urban planning, architecture, social sciences, and film studies. The originality of this study lies in its analysis of cinematographic content from a sociological standpoint, providing an in-depth perspective on the future of public life and adding a new dimension to the existing body of knowledge on the subject.
The Progress and Trends in Overseas Education: A Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Huang Yong , He Xiangfeng , Lian Zhiguang , Yang Zhirong , Jiang Qingbo
Published: November 2024

With the rapid development of economic globalization and educational internationalization, overseas education has emerged as a pivotal trend in the current global education landscape. Employing bibliometric methods, this study conducts co-citation and co-occurrence analyses using VOSviewer and Bibliometrix software to scrutinize 1985 publications related to overseas education retrieved from the Web of Science database from January 2000 to November 2023. Statistical findings reveal a steady growth trend in overseas education research over the past two decades, with the USA, China, and England identified as the highest contributors. Co-citation analysis unveils that the knowledge foundation of overseas education research primarily emanates from the fields of linguistics and education, giving rise to research themes such as language acquisition, identity, and learning experiences. Co-occurrence analysis demonstrates that research hotspots in overseas education are concentrated in six directions: higher education and international students, internationalization and intercultural competence, language acquisition, identity, and study abroad, student mobility, globalization, and internationalization of higher education. Based on bibliometric analysis, this study proposes future research recommendations, including enhancing research on the mobility of specific groups of international students, strengthening studies on the overseas education market, addressing new dynamics in overseas education in the post-COVID-19 era, and intensifying research on the academic achievements of international students. This study provides scholars in the field of overseas education with an in-depth understanding of the knowledge structure and developmental trends, offering a solid foundation for future research.
Mentoring in Initial Teacher Education: Practices and Needs for Continuing Professional Development of Romanian School-Based Teacher Educators
Authors: Scorţescu Mirela , Sava Simona Lidia , Craşovan Mariana
Published: November 2024

Practical training is an important component of initial teacher education (ITE). Interactions with the educational reality in schools and with school-based teacher educators (SBTEs) are crucial to practical training. Often, SBTEs lack specific and consistent training to work with future teachers. This study aimed to identify the practices and needs of SBTEs guiding the pedagogical practicum of students, future teachers working in Romanian kindergarten and primary education. A questionnaire provided by the International Forum for Teacher Educator Development (InFo-TED) was administered in December 2021 to January 2022 to 116 SBTEs conducting mentoring activities for future teachers in primary schools and kindergartens. The analysis of their responses by level of education and experience highlighted the perceived usefulness of activity types considered relevant and less relevant in mentoring, training activities previously accessed, professional training needs, and how research is valued in mentoring. Specific training practices and needs are highlighted, providing grounds for developing training programs and interventions aimed at enhancing SBTEs’ competencies in mentoring prospective teachers.
The Antecedents, Consequences and Key Determinants of Corporate Accelerators’ Success: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Heshmati Saeed , Karimi Asef , Sakhdari Kamal , Salamzadeh Aidin , Shafiee Roodposhti Maysam
Published: November 2024

Over the past decade, accelerators have demonstrated their pivotal contribution to the economic and entrepreneurial ecosystem growth. In recent years, a large number of businesses and organizations use corporate accelerators to internalize opportunities provided by startups and idea generators outside the organization. Although this phenomenon has received much attention, especially in Iran, there are still many unclear points regarding the structure, processes, and acceleration programs. In this article, we did a systematic review of 49 articles out of 486 articles published in different journals in the last 5 years. Then, through the PRISMA method, the reviewed data was converted into a structured format in Excel software. At the end, we examined the findings of this study by presenting a conceptual framework detailing the antecedents and consequences of corporate accelerators. Also, in this research, we found that the five main success factors of corporate accelerators are the acceleration program, the creation of a large and committed external communication network, mentoring, the determination of accurate evaluation criteria and the competitive process in selecting startups.
Mobile Use in the Classroom is a Mixed Bag, and Lecturers Need to Provide Students With Guidelines
Authors: Hasan Mehedi , Karimuzzaman Md. , Abdulla Faruq , Hossain Md. Moyazzem
Published: November 2024

In the era of modern life, the use of mobile devices in the classroom helps to enhance the overall performance of students, however, it has some harmful effects on academic performance. Therefore, this study attempts to identify the association between mobile phone use and the academic performance of the students of Jahangirnagar University, Bangladesh. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) is used for identifying the relationship among variables. Results revealed that about 80% (269) of the students use mobile phones during class, among them, 65.05% (175) use mobile phones for browsing social sites and texting purposes and 24.54% (66) use them to send and receive phone calls. Moreover, students’ academic results are significantly ( p < .001) associated with whether students use their mobile phones in the classroom. The results of SEM depict that positive features including recording lectures, support to study, remainder to-do lists, etc., and other features of the mobile phone have played a role positively in improving academic performance, however, different types of distractions have an adverse effect on the academic performance of students. This study explored the relationship between students’ academic performance and mobile applications that help to provide guidelines for students about mobile in the classroom.
The Variability of the Cervicothoracic Inflection Point: A Cohort Analysis of the Multi-Ethnic Asymptomatic Normative Study (MEANS)
Authors: Reyes Justin L. , Miller Roy , Malka Matan , Coury Josephine , Shen Yong , Czerwonka Natalia , Dionne Alexandra , Le Huec Jean-Charles , Bourret Stephane , Hasegawa Kazuhiro , Wong Hee Kit , Liu Gabriel , Hey Hwee Weng Dennis , Riahi Hend , Kelly Michael , Lenke Lawrence G. , Sardar Zeeshan M.
Published: November 2024

Study Design

Cross-sectional Cohort Study.

Objective

To determine the cervicothoracic inflection point in an asymptomatic, adult population.

Introduction

The cervicothoracic inflection point (CTIP) is an important sagittal marker to understand for patients with cervical deformities. We aimed to identify the CTIP and understand the relationship to other sagittal alignment markers.

Methods

468 adult asymptomatic volunteers (18-80 years) from 5 countries (United States, France, Japan, Singapore, Tunisia). All volunteers underwent standing full body, low dose stereo radiographs. The CTIP was identified by measuring the cervical sagittal angle (CSA) and thoracic kyphosis maximum angle (TKMax), using the end vertebra concept. The CTIP was defined as the vertebra or disc between the lower end vertebra of the CSA and upper end vertebra of TKMax. A correlation matrix was utilized to identify the relationship between the CTIP and spinopelvic sagittal parameters of interest.

Results

The most common CTIP value was the T1 vertebra. CTIPs ranged from C5 to T4, respectively. CTIP showed a weak positive correlation to age (r = 0.10, P = 0.03) and negative correlation to BMI (r = −0.11, P = 0.04). Additionally, CTIP had a minor positive correlation with OC2-CL, C7 slope, T1 slope, T1PA, T1-T12 TK, and T4-T12 TK, all statistically significant. Linear regression demonstrated increased cervical lordosis and increased TK was associated with more caudal CTIP segments.

Conclusion

CTIP segments ranged from C5 to T4, with the most common segment being T1. Understanding the relationship of the CTIP to other sagittal variables is critical to patients with CD.
Unpacking Public Satisfaction: An Analysis of the 2024 Lok Sabha Elections
Authors: Attri Vibha , Mishra Jyoti
Published: November 2024

Voters’ perception of how satisfied they are with the work of the incumbent government is decisive for their voting decision, with satisfaction in most cases leading to support for the incumbent government and dissatisfaction leading to votes against it. This article is not about exploring the relationship between satisfaction with the incumbent party’s performance and voting for it. The main objective is to identify the factors that contribute to voter satisfaction. What aspects of the incumbent government’s performance or policy influence their positive assessment? Considering the election campaigns and prominent issues leading up to the elections and drawing insights from existing literature, this analysis examines the potential determinants of voter satisfaction. It aims to identify how these factors explain voter satisfaction or dissatisfaction. The findings reveal that voter satisfaction with the incumbent government during the 2024 Lok Sabha election was mainly influenced by recent and visible accomplishments rather than long-term factors. The construction of the Ram Mandir and positive evaluations of the government’s performance on economic issues played a significant role in increasing satisfaction.
Self-Reported Unfair Police Stops and Skin Tone, Ethnic Origin, and Citizenship Status among Latino Adults
Authors: Talbert Ryan D. , Matos Dashiel
Published: November 2024

While a growing literature has documented vast ethnoracial inequalities tied to the occurrence and outcomes of police contact, less research has examined the patterning of perceived unfair police stops among Latino populations. The present study relies on insights from tri-racial stratification theory to examine associations between perceived unfair police stops and skin tone, ethnic origin, and citizenship status among Latino adults. Data come from the Pew Research Center’s nationally representative 2021 National Survey of Latinos ( n = 3,019). We regress whether a respondent perceived being stopped unfairly by police in the past year on the Yadon-Ostfeld Skin Color Scale (i.e., 1–10, 10 = Darkest), ethnic origin (i.e., Puerto Rican, Cuban, Dominican, Salvadoran, Spaniard, Central American, South American, or other), and citizenship status (i.e., U.S. citizen or not). Results showed that having a darker skin tone and U.S. citizenship were associated with higher odds of experiencing a police stop perceived as unfair. Latinos with the darkest skin tones had nearly a one in five chance of a perceived unfair police stop. Average probabilities of a perceived unfair stop were higher for Puerto Ricans, Cubans, and Salvadorans than others followed by Mexicans/Chicanos. Dominicans’ probability was lower than five of the eight other groups. Findings identify heterogeneity among Latino populations such that variation in skin tone, citizenship status, and ethnic origin independently factor into self-reported unfair police stops. Research examining ethnoracial disparities in criminal legal contact and its consequences would benefit from more fully disaggregating panethnic groups.
The Discursive Journey of Meta-Awareness: Literacy (Teacher) Identity Within Preservice Teacher Preparation
Authors: Dunham Heather , Alexander Kerry H. , McDonald Emily P.
Published: November 2024

The purpose of this study is to examine preservice teachers’ (PTs) meta-awareness related to their developing literacy (teacher) identities and examine the discursive belief systems and patterns embedded within this context. In this instrumental case study, we aim to determine the relationship(s) between meta-awareness and PTs’ literacy (teacher) identities through how they demonstrate their knowledge of literacy instruction and envision future literacy practices. The findings include PTs’ demonstration of their meta-awareness of literacy through their use of evaluative language, explicit memories, and content appropriation. Because personal and professional identities draw deeply from one another in shaping how PTs demonstrate their learning, our discussion expands upon this duality. Implications for teacher educators include recontextualizing one's past experiences as a reader and writer in literacy methods coursework as a means of moving toward agentic redress and responsive instruction.
Agency, Womanhood and the Epistemology of the Corporeal in Mamoni Raisom Goswami’s The Moth-Eaten Howdah of the Tusker and Arupa Patangia Kalita’s The Story of Felanee
Authors: Hazarika Ajitabh
Published: November 2024

The article aims to interrogate the contested category of womanhood by looking at literary narratives. Adopting a critical vocabulary underpinned by ‘corporeal feminism’, this reading investigates fictional episodes that dramatise the construction of a cultural imaginary informed by the hegemonic enterprise of masculine subjects. Such settings accommodate the complexity of a gendered landscape by bringing the female selves into problematic proximity with the male agency. In this article, an attempt has been made to analyse two Assamese novels written by women novelists— Dantāl Hātir Uñe Khowā Hāwdāh [Trans. The Moth-Eaten Howdah of the Tusker] by Mamoni Raisom Goswami and Phelāniı̄ [Trans. The Story of Felanee] by Arupa Patangia Kalita—both refracting serious slippages of the gendered spaces. The texts also accommodate inversions of such spaces. In so doing, it has been argued that a significant shift in the dominant practices of representations is marked by the novels. Both texts connect the embodied personal experience of womanhood with the socially situated selves and articulate what appears to be a subversive logic of corporeal performativity. Drawing on the critical currents in feminist literary theory, the current article offers a close reading of the novels, analysing the ways in which the fictional frames respond to the production and prohibition of gendered identities.
Anatomic and Reconstructive Considerations During Gastric GIST Resection
Authors: Fairley Ryan , Mazzini Guilherme S , Campos Guilherme M
Published: November 2024

Gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are the most common type of GISTs in the gastrointestinal tract. Gastric GISTs may present in a wide variety of sizes and locations in the stomach. The goal of the surgical and/or endoscopic treatments is a complete R0 resection with free margins, and combined methods to accomplish this resection are available. This manuscript will review the various surgical and/or endoscopic techniques available and the technical considerations for appropriate gastric GIST resections.
Seismic performance assessment of structural systems in the aftermath of the 2023 Kahramanmaraş earthquakes: Observations and fragility analyses
Authors: Sonmez Egemen , Eryilmaz Yildirim Meltem , Aydin Mehmet Firat , Koroglu Fahri Baran
Published: November 2024

This article evaluates how different reinforced concrete (RC) building systems in Türkiye behaved during the extreme 2023 Kahramanmaraş earthquakes. The analysis relies on a comprehensive field survey covering 242 RC buildings across various heavily affected locations. Most surveyed buildings were low- and mid-rise RC moment frames and frame-wall (hybrid) systems, with RC wall construction being less commonly observed. Both RC frame and hybrid buildings exhibited several common deficiencies, resulting in significant structural and non-structural damage due to high drift demands. The performance of RC wall construction varied, with some buildings sustaining severe damage while others remained largely unaffected. An analysis of structural plans revealed that RC wall buildings with adequate wall amounts demonstrated exceptional performance, while those with inadequate amounts of walls experienced severe damage. In addition, fragility analyses using simplified models based on surveyed buildings reinforced these findings. The analyses suggested that RC frame and hybrid systems were insufficient in ensuring life safety during the earthquakes. Conversely, properly designed RC wall buildings are expected to perform well. This alignment between field observations and fragility analyses underscores the reliability of the study’s findings and emphasizes the effectiveness of RC wall construction in mitigating seismic risks and protecting life and property.
ATP citrate lyase is an essential player in the metabolic rewiring induced by PTEN loss during T-ALL development.
Authors: Andrieu Guillaume P. , Hypolite Guillaume , Latiri Mehdi , Balducci Estelle , Costa Caroline , Verhoeyen Els , Courgeon Marianne , Allatif Omran , Nemazanyy Ivan , Panasyuk Ganna , Wellen Kathryn E , Herranz Daniel , Genestier Laurent , Macintyre Elizabeth A. , Asnafi Vahid , Tesio Melania
Published: November 2024

Alterations inactivating the tumor suppressor gene PTEN drive the development of solid and hematological cancers, such as T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL), whereby PTEN loss defines poor-prognosis patients. We investigated the metabolic rewiring induced by PTEN loss in T-ALL, aiming at identifying novel metabolic vulnerabilities. We showed that the enzyme ATP citrate lyase (ACLY) is strictly required for the transformation of thymic immature progenitors and for the growth of human T-ALL, which remain dependent on ACLY activity even upon transformation. Whereas PTEN mutant mice all died within 17 weeks, the concomitant ACLY deletion prevented disease initiation in 70% of the animals. In these animals, ACLY promoted BCL-2 epigenetic upregulation and prevented the apoptosis of pre-malignant DP thymocytes. Transcriptomic and metabolic analysis of primary T-ALL cells next translated our findings to the human pathology, showing that PTEN-altered T-ALL cells activate ACLY and are sensitive to its genetic targeting. ACLY activation thus represents a metabolic vulnerability with therapeutic potential for high-risk T-ALL patients.
Tetrandrine induces muscle atrophy involving ROS-mediated inhibition of Akt and FoxO3
Authors: Shan Xin-qi , Zhou Na , Pei Chuang-xin , Lu Xue , Chen Cai-ping , Chen Hua-qun
Published: November 2024

Tetrandrine (Tet), a well-known drug of calcium channel blocker, has been broadly applied for anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrogenetic therapy. However, due to the functional diversity of ubiquitous calcium channels, potential side-effects may be expected. Our previous report revealed an inhibitory effect of Tet on myogenesis of skeletal muscle. Here, we found that Tet induced protein degradation resulting in the myofibril atrophy. Upon administration with a relative high dose (40 mg/kg) of Tet for 28 days, the mice displayed significantly reduced muscle mass, strength force, and myosin heavy chain (MyHC) protein levels. The MyHC reduction was further detected in C2C12 myotubes after treating with Tet. Interestingly, the expression of Atrogin-1 and Murf-1, the skeletal muscle specific E3 ligases of protein ubiquitin–proteasome system (UPS), was accordingly up-regulated, and the reduced MyHC was significantly mitigated by MG132, a 26S proteasome inhibitor, indicating a key role of UPS in the protein degradation of muscle cells. Further study showed that Tet induced autophagy also participated in the protein degradation. Mechanistically, Tet treatment caused ROS production in myotubes that in turn targeted on FoxO3/AKT signaling, resulting in the activation of UPS and autophagy processes that were involved in the protein degradation. Our study reveals a potential side-effect of Tet on skeletal muscle atrophy, particularly when the drug dose is relatively high.
Factors related to sedentary behavior of pregnant women during the second/third trimester: prospective results from the large-scale Japan Environment and Children’s Study
Authors: Nagai Makie , Tsuchida Akiko , Matsumura Kenta , Kasamatsu Haruka , Inadera Hidekuni ,   the Japan Environment and Children’s Study Group
Published: November 2024

Background

Prolonged sedentary behavior in pregnant women is reported to be associated with worse health-related indices and pregnancy outcomes. The aim of this study was to identify relevant factors that can be targeted in interventions to reduce sedentary behavior during pregnancy.

Methods

Of 103,057 pregnancies registered in the Japan Environment and Children’s Study, 83,733 pregnant women were included for analysis after excluding multiple enrollments, nonresponses, and missing outcome data. Data were collected using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire and analyzed using logistic regression models to calculate crude and adjusted odds ratios. Missing data were handled using multiple imputations, and statistical analyses were performed using SAS software.

Results

Mean sedentary behavior time increased from 5.4 h/day before pregnancy to 5.9 h/day during pregnancy. The percentage of women classified in the high sedentary behavior group increased from 25.6% before pregnancy to 31.2% during pregnancy. Factors associated with high sedentary behavior during pregnancy included longer hours spent watching television and playing video games before pregnancy, higher annual household income, and working status during pregnancy. Possible protective factors against high sedentary behavior included engaging in ≥ 150 min of moderate to vigorous physical activity per week before pregnancy.

Conclusions

This large-scale cohort study provides valuable insights into sedentary behavior patterns among pregnant women in Japan. To reduce the amount of time engaged in sedentary behavior during pregnancy, the planning and management of time spent watching TV and playing video games as well as establishing exercise habits before pregnancy are recommended.
A new normal in primary care: the rapid normalization of a major eHealth program in public health centers
Authors: Maack Karl , Gillberg Nanna , Wikström Ewa
Published: November 2024

Background

This study aimed to contribute to a better understanding of the context, mechanisms and outcomes in the implementation process of an eHealth video consultation program in primary care. The study focused on how the program is normalized in the primary care setting. The primary research question for this study is “in what ways is the implementation of video consultation normalized in primary care?”.

Methods

The qualitative design and content analysis of primary data from the transcripts were based on in-depth interviews, complemented with free-text answers to open-ended survey questions and various documents. The study focuses on the large-scale implementation of the public eHealth program Närhälsan Online, which represents more than 100 health centers in Sweden’s largest region of Västra Götaland. Multiagent perspectives on how the program is normalized were drawn from expressed perceptions by professions directly linked to both strategic and functional implementation, as well as administration and clinical operation.

Results

This study both confirms and enhances the field with a theoretical contribution in six ways to the reviewed previous research, as well as showing practical implications. It also provides multi-agent perspectives on the rapid normalization of the implementation program studied.

Conclusions

In relation to the rapid progression of different initiatives in eHealth, this study contributes to perspectives on specific challenges as expressed by professions directly linked to both strategic and functional implementation as well as administration and clinical operation.
Effects of internet-based health education on patients with acute intermittent porphyria
Authors: Zhao Lanlan , Liu Yuhan , Li Jie , Li Pei , Zhao Xin , Zhang Songyun
Published: November 2024

Background

Acute intermittent porphyria (AIP) is a rare genetic metabolic disorder characterized by acute attacks of neurovisceral symptoms. This disease not only poses a threat to patients’ physical and mental well-being, but its frequent acute attacks also have a profound impact on patients’ mental state and overall quality of life (QoL).

Objective

This study aimed to explore the impact of internet-based health education on the acute attacks, mental health, and QoL of patients with AIP.

Methods

This study employed a pre-post comparison design, recruiting 52 patients diagnosed with AIP and treated at the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University between September 2021 and May 2023 as the subjects of investigation. All participants underwent a 12-month internet-based health education intervention. Quantitative assessments of the intervention’s efficacy in reducing acute attacks, enhancing mental health status, and improving QoL among AIP patients were conducted using various instruments, including measures of acute episode frequency and severity, the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales-21 (DASS-21), the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS), and the MOS 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36). Data were collected at two distinct time points: pre- and post-health education interventions, which were then subjected to comparative analysis.

Results

Compared to pre-health education, the frequency of acute attacks among patients with AIP significantly decreased post-health education intervention (p < 0.05). Furthermore, notable improvements were observed in the severity of acute attacks, PANAS scores, DASS-21 scores, and SF-36 scores (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

This study validated that health education effectively reduced the frequency and severity of acute attacks in AIP patients while enhancing their mental health status and quality of life. Internet-based health education emerges as a practical and productive strategy for AIP patients.
Value of high frame rate contrast-enhanced ultrasound in predicting microvascular invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Fei Xiang , Zhu Lianhua , Han Peng , Jiang Bo , Li Miao , Li Nan , Jiao Ziyu , Clevert Dirk-André , Luo Yukun
Published: November 2024

Objectives

To investigate the value of vascular morphology on high frame rate contrast-enhanced ultrasound (H-CEUS) and CEUS Li-RADS in predicting microvascular invasion (MVI), Ki-67 expression and recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Methods

This retrospective study enrolled 78 patients with single HCC diagnosed by postoperative pathology between January 1, 2021, and June 30, 2022. All patients underwent ultrasound and H-CEUS examination before operation. H-CEUS image features and CEUS Li-RADS were compared in different MVI status and Ki-67 level. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to select independent variables for MVI. Differences in recurrence among different H-CEUS image features, MVI status and Ki-67 level were further analyzed.

Results

Tumor shape, vascular morphology, LR-M category, necrosis and AFP level were different between the MVI-positive group and MVI-negative group (p < 0.05). Vascular morphology and LR-M category were independent risk factors related to MVI (p < 0.05). Vascular morphology was also different between the high Ki-67 expression group and low Ki-67 expression group (p < 0.05). Vascular morphology, MVI status and Ki-67 expression were different between the recurrence group and no recurrence group (p < 0.05).

Conclusion

The vascular morphology of HCC on H-CEUS can indicate the risk of MVI status, Ki-67 expression and recurrence, which provides a feasible imaging technique for predicting the prognosis before operation.

Critical relevance statement

H-CEUS shows the different vascular morphology of HCC in arterial phase and indicates the risk of MVI, Ki-67 expression and recurrence, which provides a feasible imaging technique for clinician to judge the risk of MVI pre-operation and adopt appropriate treatment.

Key Points

H-CEUS can clearly show different vascular morphology of HCC in arterial phase.

Vascular morphology on H-CEUS is associated with MVI status, Ki-67 expression and HCC recurrence.

Preoperative MVI and Ki-67 expression prediction could help surgeons choose a more appropriate treatment plan.

Graphical Abstract
CXCL11 reprograms M2-biased macrophage polarization to alleviate pulmonary fibrosis in mice
Authors: Kim Ji-Young , Cho Dong-Wook , Choi Jung-Yun , Jeong Suji , Kang Minje , Kim Woo Jin , Hong In-Sun , Song Haengseok , Chang Heesoon , Yang Se-Ran , Lee Seung-Joon , Park Mira , Hong Seok-Ho
Published: November 2024

Background

In understanding the pathophysiology of pulmonary fibrosis (PF), macrophage plasticity has been implicated with a crucial role in the fibrogenic process. Growing evidence indicates that accumulation of M2 macrophages correlates with the progression of PF, suggesting that targeted modulation of molecules that influence M2 macrophage polarization could be a promising therapeutic approach for PF. Here, we demonstrated a decisive role of C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 11 (CXCL11) in driving M1 macrophage polarization to alleviate PF in the bleomycin-induced murine model.

Results

We intravenously administered secretome derived from naïve (M0) and polarized macrophages (M1 and M2) into PF mice and found that lung fibrosis was effectively reversed in only the M1-treated group, with modulation of the M1/M2 ratio toward the ratio of the control group. These findings suggest that the factors secreted from M1 macrophages contribute to alleviating PF by targeting macrophages and reshaping the immunofibrotic environment in a paracrine manner. Secretome analysis of macrophages identified CXCL11 as an M1-specific chemokine, and administration of recombinant CXCL11 effectively improved fibrosis with the reduction of M2 macrophages in vivo. Furthermore, a mechanistic in vitro study revealed that CXCL11 reprogrammed macrophages from M2 to M1 through the activation of pERK, pAKT, and p65 signaling.

Conclusions

Collectively, we demonstrate an unprecedented role for M1 macrophage-derived CXCL11 as an inducer of M1 macrophage polarization to revert the fibrogenic process in mice with PF, which may provide a clinically meaningful benefit.
Identification of feature genes in intestinal epithelial cell types
Authors: Lou Ruoyu , Song Wanlu , Yu Shicheng , Wang Xiaodan , Liu Yuan , Chen Ye-Guang , Wang Yalong
Published: November 2024

The intestine, is responsible for food digestion, nutrient absorption, endocrine secretion, food residue excretion, and immune defense. These function performances are based on the intricate composition of intestinal epithelial cells, encompassing differentiated mature cells, rapidly proliferative cells, and intestinal stem cells. Although the characteristics of these cell types are well-documented, in-depth exploration of their representative markers and transcription factors is critical for comprehensive cell fate trajectory analysis. Here, we unveiled the feature genes in different cell types of the human and mouse gut through single-cell RNA sequencing analysis. Further, the locations of some specific transcription factors and membrane proteins were determined by immunofluorescence staining, and their role in regulating the proliferation and differentiation of intestinal epithelial cells were explored by CRISPR/Cas9 knockout. Therefore, this study not only reports new markers for various intestinal epithelial cell types but also elucidates the involvement of relevant genes in the determination of epithelial cell fate and maintenance of stem cell homeostasis, which facilitates the tracing and functional elucidation of intestinal epithelial cells.
Wild again: recovery of a beneficial Cannabis seed endophyte from low domestication genotypes
Authors: Lobato Carolina , de Freitas João Machado , Habich Daniel , Kögl Isabella , Berg Gabriele , Cernava Tomislav
Published: November 2024

Background

Beyond carrying the plant embryo, seeds harbour intricate microbial communities whose transmission across successive plant generations can significantly influence the ecological and evolutionary dynamics of plant–microbe symbioses. The process of plant domestication has potential repercussions in genes involved in plant-microbiome interactions. However, the extent to which breeding can impact the seed microbiome is sparsely explored. Cannabis is a high-value crop but sparsely subjected to agricultural innovations established in other crop species during the last century. Here, we conduct a large-scale analysis of the bacterial seed microbiome of Cannabis across different domestication grades and investigate the potential of seed-associated endophytes as plant growth-promoting agents under both controlled and field conditions.

Results

Analysis of Cannabis seed endophyte composition and diversity across 46 plant genotypes revealed 813 different bacterial genera with a predominance of Gammaproteobacteria, Bacilli, Actinobacteria and Alphaproteobacteria but a genotype-specific microbiome. The assessment of domestication and breeding on microbial assembly revealed a higher bacterial diversity in low domestication genotypes (Shannon index, H′: 1.21 vs. 1.05) and a higher homogeneity in bacterial composition caused by line development. Further, a seed bacterial isolate (Bacillus frigoritolerans C1141) associated with low domestication genotypes, and with genes associated with bio-fertilization, bioremediation and phytohormone production, increased plant growth by 42.3% at the time of harvest, under field conditions.

Conclusion

This study addresses critical knowledge gaps related to the assembly of the Cannabis seed-endophytic microbiome. It reveals that Cannabis breeding is linked to alterations of seed microbial communities, which potentially led to the loss of bacteria with functional significance. These results highlight the importance of preserving seed microbiomes in plant breeding to support sustainable plant health and growth enhancement in Cannabis.
How feasible is nutrition intervention research in eating disorders? Lessons learnt from a pilot parallel randomised controlled trial of tyrosine supplementation in adolescents with anorexia nervosa
Authors: Hart Melissa , Sibbritt David , Wilcken Bridget , Williams Lauren T. , Levick Wayne , Nunn Kenneth P.
Published: November 2024

Objective

Eating disorders are complex illnesses with high morbidity and mortality. Yet, there is promising evidence to support the effects of nutrition on the brain and behaviour. One proposed example is the use of tyrosine as an adjunct treatment in anorexia nervosa (AN). However, recruitment and retention in eating disorder clinical trials has posed difficulties for researchers. The aim of this study was to pilot test a parallel randomised controlled trial (RCT) of tyrosine supplementation to explore the feasibility of recruitment and retention, intervention adherence and data collection methods from the perspective of participants and researchers.

Method

Feasibility was assessed using numbers participating, questionnaire completion in patients and parent/carers completing and declining participation, a researcher implementation record and clinical measures. Subjects included adolescents aged 12–17 years with AN. The study was conducted over a 12-week period, with the intervention group receiving 5 mg of L-tyrosine supplement and the control group receiving a placebo.

Results

Recruitment targets were not met and recruitment to a full RCT based on the current study protocol and recruitment sites did not prove feasible. Of the 39 approached for RCT participation, seven were recruited to the RCT (18% response rate) despite extending recruitment periods, with 100% retained and analysed. Patients or parents/carers identified barriers to study participation including burden, the need to consume tyrosine as tablets, and the use of blood, urine and psychological testing. Blood tyrosine rose markedly for subjects in the intervention group. No side effects were reported or measured.

Conclusions

This study offers a unique exploration of the feasibility of a tyrosine trial in anorexia nervosa and is of relevance to assist the success of future nutrition trials. Exploring the suitability of future study designs for nutrition intervention research is warranted.
Discrimination of older peers is associated with workplace age discrimination: moderation by occupational health literacy
Authors: Asiamah Nestor , Sarpong Emelia , Baidoo Usman Yaw , Eku Eric , Aidoo Isaac , Doamekpor Etornam , Khan Hafiz T.A. , Danquah Emelia , Yarfi Cosmos , Baffoe Rita Sarkodie , Manu Christiana Afriyie
Published: November 2024

Background

Workplace Age Discrimination Experienced (WADE) can be disorientating and detrimental to well-being. Hence, older employees would like to avoid it, but those who experience it may discriminate against their older peers. WADE may be associated with Age Discrimination of Peers (ADP), and this relationship can be moderated by Occupational Health Literacy (OHL).

Aim

This study aimed to assess the association of WADE with ADP and to ascertain whether this relationship is moderated by OHL.

Methods

A cross-sectional design based on a research-reporting checklist was adopted. Measures against confounding and common methods bias were utlised to avoid or minimise bias. The participants were 1025 middle-aged and older employees (average age = 58 years) who were permanent residents of Accra, Ghana. Hierarchical Linear Regression (HLR) analysis was utilised to analyse the data. Curve estimation was among the methods used to assess assumptions governing HLR analysis.

Results

WADE and OHL were positively associated with ADP, but OHL was negatively associated with WADE in the ultimate models incorporating the covariates. WADE was more positively associated with ADP at moderate and higher OHL, which signified positive moderation of the WADE-ADP relationship by OHL.

Conclusion

Older employees who experience higher age discrimination at work are more likely to discriminate against peers. OHL can be associated with lower WADE but higher ADP. Qualitative studies are needed to understand why OHL may be related to higher ADP.
Some studies on Abelmoschus esculentus (Indian Okra) fiber characteristics
Authors: Kolte Prafull Prabhakar , Shivankar Vijay Sitaram
Published: November 2024

Okra fiber is the bast fiber, extracted from the stem of the Abelmoschus esculentus plant which belongs to the Malvaceae family. In the whole world, India is the largest producer of okra for the cultivation of “okra fruit”, which is one of the main vegetables in the Indian Diet. After collecting vegetables, a huge amount of okra plant stem is discarded on the field annually as agricultural waste. Okra stem is an abundant source of okra fiber which can be used for various textile applications. This study aims understand the basic morphological, thermal and structural characteristics of okra fibre and compare it with other bast fibres generally used for textile application to prove the suitability of okra fibre for textile application.
Appendiceal neurofibroma after resection of multiple gastrointestinal stromal tumors of the small intestine in a patient with neurofibromatosis type 1: a case report
Authors: Sakashita Katsuya , Manabe Shoichi , Shiomi Akio , Kagawa Hiroyasu , Yamaoka Yusuke , Kasai Shunsuke , Tanaka Yusuke , Oishi Takuma , Sugiura Teiichi
Published: November 2024

Background

Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), also known as von Recklinghausen disease, is an autosomal dominant disorder that can affect multiple organs. Although gastrointestinal manifestations, such as neurofibromas and gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs), can occur, appendiceal neurofibromas are extremely rare, with no documented cases of their occurrence following other gastrointestinal lesions. Herein, we report a case of an appendiceal neurofibroma following the resection of multiple small intestinal GISTs.

Case presentation

A 68-year-old man with NF1 presented with melena and was diagnosed with anemia due to bleeding from multiple small intestinal GISTs. Laparoscopic three partial resection of the small intestine was performed to control the bleeding. Histopathologic examination revealed the proliferation of spindle cells that are positive for c-kit and Discovered on GIST-1, confirming the diagnosis of GIST. Two years later, a follow-up computed tomography (CT) scan revealed a progressively enlarging mass in the appendix with suspected invasion into the small intestine. Positron emission tomography/CT showed fludeoxyglucose accumulation in the tumor. Therefore, considering the possibility of malignancy, laparoscopic ileocecal resection with lymph node dissection was performed. Postoperatively, melena was observed, but the anemia did not progress and improved with fasting and hemostatic therapy. The patient was eventually discharged on postoperative day 8. Histopathologic examination revealed spindle cell proliferation with positivity for S-100, confirming the diagnosis of neurofibroma.

Conclusions

Patients with NF1 can develop a variety of gastrointestinal lesions. Appendiceal neurofibroma can be difficult to diagnose preoperatively and differentiate from malignancy. Hence, surgical resection should be considered.