bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Survey of Canadian urology residency programs: Perception of virtual education during the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond
Authors: Ding Maylynn , Wang Yuding , Braga Luis , Matsumoto Edward D.
Published: July 2022

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has caused many residency programs to pivot from traditional face-to-face to virtual teaching. The objective of this study was to assess the state of virtual education in Canadian urology programs and gauge interest in a national virtual curriculum.
Methods: An electronic 15-item survey was distributed to all 13 Canadian urology programs’ directors and administrative assistants for circulation to residents. Data collection took place over six weeks from September to November 2020. A mixed-methods approach was used, including descriptive statistics and an inductive thematic analysis of responses to open-ended questions.
Results: Eleven program directors and 32 residents from all four geographic areas (Atlantic, Ontario, Quebec, Western [MB, AB, BC]) responded to the survey. Overall, 95.3% of respondents indicated a role for virtual education in their program during the pandemic. Most respondents (74.4%) believe there is a significant or very significant role for a virtual national urology curriculum. All program directors indicated they are at least somewhat likely to require resident participation in such a curriculum. Most (90.6%) resident respondents indicated they believe such a curriculum will be at least somewhat important to their learning. Commonly described benefits include exposure to subspecialties, expertise at other institutions, and standardization of teaching. Commonly described barriers include difficulty with engagement, time zone differences, and lack of dedicated time for attendance.
Conclusions: During the COVID-19 pandemic, virtual education has become well-integrated in Canadian urology programs. This study highlights interest in the development of a national virtual urology curriculum and puts forth some key considerations to ensure its success.
Sociological aspects of Tokyo Olympics
Authors: Belov A. V.
Published: July 2022

The Olympic and Paralympic Games in Tokyo in July–September 2021 took place in a challenging social environment that seriously affected the public perception of events. When preparing for the Olympics in 2013–2019, the Japanese people actively supported the Games, which was confirmed by the results of numerous sociological studies. In March 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic began, followed by several waves of infection. The competition was postponed for a year. Vaccination in Japan was delayed compared to most G7 countries. Against this background, in the summer of 2021, the most dangerous Delta strain of coronavirus began to spread in the country, bringing the rise in mortality rates, and the overflowing of hospitals in large cities. In such a difficult epidemiological and social situation, surveys recorded a negative attitude towards the Olympics. However, during the competition, the majority opinion once again turned positive, mainly due to the athletic successes of the Japanese team and effective anti-virus control measures. The absence of spectators in the venues, most probably, did not affect the sporting achievements significantly. At least, Japanese Olympic team won a record number of medals. Infection prevention measures proved effective in limiting the transmission of the virus among the athletes and the Japanese service personnel. The economic and symbolic achievements of the Games did not meet expectations, as, during the Olympics, it was not possible to properly address its significance as the end point of the low-growth “lost decades”, evidence of economic recovery after the triple disaster of 2011, and as a tool to increase Japan’s tourist attractiveness. Therefore, during a pandemic, major sports events should be held primarily to train top-class athletes and to increase populace satisfaction with the success of the national team rather than to obtain direct economic benefits or improve the host country’s image.
Sindrom Nistagmus Infantil
Authors: - Elvira , Wibawa Made Dwi Surya , Surasmiati Ni Made Ayu
Published: July 2022

Nistagmus berasal dari bahasa Yunani, nystagmos yang berarti mengangguk dan kata nystazein yang berarti mengantuk. Nistagmus merupakan gerakan involunter dan osilasi ritmik mata yang dapat fisiologis ataupun patologis. Angka kejadian nistagmus diperkirakan 24 per 10.000 populasiumum. Nistagmus infantil motorik atau sindrom nistagmus infantil (SNI) merupakan tipe nistagmus infantil yang paling sering.Onset dan manifestasi klinis dapat membantu diagnosis; pemeriksaan penunjang biasanya dilakukan pada usia diatas 6 bulan. Beberapa terapi di antaranya terapi optikal, terapi obat, terapi pembedahan untuk meningkatkan tajam penglihatan dan terapi pembedahan untuk merelokasi Null Zone ke posisi primer.

Nystagmus, adopted from Greek nystagmos, means nodding and nystazein means sleepy. Nystagmus is involuntary movement and oscilation of the eye;may be physiologic or pathologic. Th incidence is about 24 in 10.000 population. Motor infantile nystagmus or infantile nystagmus syndrome is the most common type of infantile nystagmus. Diagnosis is based on onset and clinical manifestations; additional examination is for baby older than 6 months. Therapy is to improve visual acuity and surgery to relocate Null Zone to primary position.
Gray Patch Tinea Capitis Caused by Microsporum canis
Authors: Pratiwi Febrina Dewi , Setyaningrum Trisniartami
Published: July 2022

Background: Tinea capitis (TC) is the most common dermatophytosis of childhood. Case: A 3-year-old boy came with a three-week history of whitish rash and baldness. Physical examination found whitish, ill-defined patches and plaques with focal area of scaling and hyperkeratosis on the scalp (vertex region) and alopecia. Woods light examination revealed green fluorescence of infected hairs, and KOH prep revealed an ectothrix pattern of hair shaft invasion by fungal elements. Fungal growth by culture on Sabouraud dextrose agar with chloramphenicol and cycloheximide for 3 weeks found growth of M. canis. The treatment was griseofulvin 1x375 mg and ketoconazole 2% shampoo twice weekly. Complete clinical clearance was obtained after 8 weeks .

Latar Belakang: Tinea Kapitis (TK) adalah dermatofitosis terbanyak pada anak. Kasus: Anak berusia 3 tahun dengan keluhan bercak putih dan botak di kepala sejak 3 minggu. Pemeriksaan fisik mendapatkan bercak keputihan, batas jelas dengan sisik tipis dan hiperkeratosis di area vertex kepala dan alopecia tanpa pustul, erosi, indurasi, atau inflamasi berat. Pemeriksaan lampu Wood menunjukkan floresensi hijau terang dan pemeriksaan KOH menunjukkan pola ectothrix elemen jamur pada sampel batang rambut. Kultur jamur pada Sabouraud dextrose agar dengan kloramfenikol dan sikloheksimid selama 3 minggu ditemukan pertumbuhan jamur Microsporum canis. Terapi griseofulvin oral 1x375 mg dan shampo ketoconazol 2% dua kali seminggu. Pasien sembuh setelah pengobatan 8 minggu.
Upaya Menurunkan Angka Kematian Ibu akibat Perdarahan Pasca Persalinan di Indonesia melalui Inovasi Sistem Pelayanan Kesehatan
Authors: Remifta Putra Muhammad Alifian , Christopher Yo Edward , Phowira Jason , Dewi Anggraeni Tricia
Published: July 2022

Perdarahan pasca-persalinan (PPP) adalah komplikasi persalinan yang menyebabkan 35% seluruh kematian ibu di dunia. Meskipun PPP mulai jarang ditemui di negara maju, kondisi ini masih merupakan salah satu penyebab utama kematian ibu di negara berkembang seperti Indonesia. Hal ini antara lain akibat infastruktur kesehatan yang kurang optimal, sehingga terlambat mengidentifikasi faktor risiko PPP, merujuk, serta memberikan intervensi tepat waktu. Kajian pustaka ini mengamati adanya hubungan signifikan antara penurunan kematian ibu akibat PPP dan implementasi sistem peringatan dini obstetri, manajemen efektif, dan optimalisasi alur rujukan. Namun, karena tiap wilayah memiliki aspek sosioekonomis dan geografis yang berbeda, studi lanjutan diperlukan untuk menentukan pendekatan yang tepat bagi masing-masing wilayah di Indonesia.

Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is a life-threatening condition that contributes to 35% of all maternal deaths worldwide. Although the risk of PPH has greatly declined in developed countries, it remains a leading cause of maternal mortality in developing countries like Indonesia. This issue could mainly be attributed to poor healthcare system and infrastructure leading to delay in identifying risk factors, referring mothers-at-risk to health centers, and appropriate intervention. We observed a notable relationship between decrease in maternal deaths due to PPH and the implementation of early warning system, effective PPH management, and optimization of referral system. These healthcare innovations showed promising potential in reducing the burden of PPH. However, since there is no single health policy that can be universally implemented, further research is needed to decide the best approach for each area depending on individual, socio-economic and geographic aspects.
Dairy Products Benefits in Lowering Blood Pressure
Authors: Martina Michelle , Angeline Daniela
Published: July 2022

Hypertension is one of the risk factor leading to cardiovascular disease. Diet plays an important role for preventing hypertension and maintaining blood pressure. One of the dietary approach includes intake of daily consumption of low fat dairy product. This review will discuss the relationship between daily dairy intake and blood pressure.

Hipertensi merupakan salah satu faktor risiko penyakit kardiovaskular. Selain terapi medikamentosa, nutrisi berperan penting dalam mencegah hipertensi dan menjaga tekanan darah. Salah satu pendekatan nutrisi pada pasien hipertensi mencakup konsumsi produk susu rendah lemak. Ulasan ini membahas hubungan konsumsi produk susu dengan tekanan darah.
Diagnosis dan Tatalaksana Sindrom Treacher Collins
Authors: Kawilarang Bertha
Published: July 2022

Sindrom Treacher Collins adalah penyakit genetik langka yang menyebabkan berbagai malformasi kongenital terutama di kraniofasial. Diagnosis dapat ditegakkan sejak periode prenatal atau postnatal, analisis genetik untuk menentukan adanya mutasi gen merupakan diagnosis definitif. Tatalaksana multidisiplin dengan perencanaan tindakan operatif maupun non-operatif sejak lahir sampai usia dewasa.

Treacher Collins syndrome is a rare genetic disease which causes various congenital malformation mainly in the craniofacial region. Diagnosis can be made in prenatal or postnatal period, genetic analysis to determine gene mutation remains as definitive diagnosis. Management requires a multidisciplinary approach, with of either operative or non-operative planning since birth to adult.
Idiopathic Fascicular Left Ventricular Tachycardia: A Case Report
Authors: Putra Udayana Kadek Agus , Jaya I Putu Parwata
Published: July 2022

Idiopathic fascicular left ventricular tachycardia (IFLVT) is the most common idiopathic ventricular tachycardia (IVT) of the left ventricle. ILFVT is characterized by right bundle branch block and left axis deviation. We report a case of IFLVT in a 34-year-old woman presenting with palpitation. The ECG revealed a wide QRS complex tachycardia with a right bundle branch block (RBBB) and right axis deviation. Vagal maneuvers were ineffective. Conversion to sinus rhythm was obtained 10 hours later, with i.v amiodarone. The patient was discharged after 3 days on oral verapamil.

Idiopathic Fascicular Left Ventricular Tachycardia (IFLVT) adalah bentuk paling sering Idiopathic Ventricular Tachycardia (IVT) ventrikel kiri. ILFVT ditandai dengan blok cabang berkas kanan dan penyimpangan sumbu ke kiri. Kami melaporkan kasus IFLVT pada wanita 34 tahun yang mengalami palpitasi. EKG menunjukkan takikardi kompleks QRS lebar dengan morfologi blok cabang berkas kanan dan penyimpangan sumbu ke kanan. Manuver vagal tidak efektif. Konversi ke irama sinus diperoleh 10 jam kemudian dengan amiodarone i.v.. Pasien dipulangkan setelah 3 hari dengan verapamil oral.

 
Tatalaksana Epilepsi Refrakter
Authors: Mahendrakrisna Daniel , Taslim Pinzon Rizaldy
Published: July 2022

Epilepsi refrakter atau resisten obat didefinisikan sebagai kegagalan respon terhadap dua obat anti epilepsi sesuai jadual, dosis, dan rute pemberian, baik monoterapi maupun kombinasi, untuk tercapainya bebas serangan. Serangan epilepsi yang tidak terkontrol atau resisten obat umumnya berkaitan dengan prognosis buruk, dan mengganggu kualitas hidup. Beberapa pilihan terapi kasus epilepsi refrakter yaitu Diet Ketogenik, Deep Brain Stimulator (DBS), Vagal Nerve Stimulator (VNS), Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS), Responsive Cortical Neuro-Stimulator (RNS), dan Pembedahan. Terapi lini pertama adalah pembedahan reseksi,

Refractory epilepsy is defined as an epilepsy unresponsive to two or more anti epileptic drugs with proper schedule and doses, on monotherapy and combined therapy, to achieve seizures freedom. Refractory epilepsy was associated with poor prognostic and decreased quality of life. Several alternatives for refractory epilepsy are ketogenic diet, Deep Brain Stimulator (DBS), Vagal Nerve Stimulator (VNS), Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS), Responsive Cortical Neuro-Stimulator (RNS), and surgery. The first line therapy for refractory epilepsy is resection surgery.
Tinjauan atas Terapi Insulin
Authors: Lukito Johan Indra
Published: July 2022

Tujuan terapi insulin adalah meniru pola sekresi insulin endogen individu normal. Berbagai jenis insulin dapat dibagi menjadi 3 kelompok utama : insulin kerja cepat/pendek, insulin kerja menengah dan insulin kerja panjang. Pemilihan regimen insulin disesuaikan dengan berbagai kondisi dan kebutuhan.

The goal of insulin therapy is to mimic the pattern of normal endogenous insulin secretion. Various types of insulin can be divided into 3 main groups: fast/short-acting insulin, intermediate-acting insulin, and long-acting insulin. The choice of insulin regimen is adapted to various conditions and needs.
Bedah Sedot Lemak Area Wajah dan Leher
Authors: Zulfikar Dendy , Triana Agung , Fiqri Ahmad , Mochtar Moerbono
Published: July 2022

Bedah sedot lemak pada area wajah metode tumescent local anesthesia (TLA) merupakan salah satu metode pilihan untuk menghilangkan lemak yang berlebih terutama pada area submental (double chin) dan lemak di daerah pipi bagian bawah atau yang menggantung di rahang. Bedah sedot lemak melalui TLA saat ini adalah metode pilihan utama karena memiliki standar keamanan tinggi, penyembuhan luka yang cepat, dan pasien tidak perlu rawat inap.

Liposuction surgery on the face area with the tumescent local anesthesia (TLA) method is one of the methods of choice to remove excess fat, especially in the submental area (double chin) and fat in the lower cheek area or hanging from the jaw. Liposuction surgery via TLA is currently the method of choice because it has high safety standards, fast wound healing, and does not require hospitalization.
Kadar Zinc Serum Penderita Psoriasis
Authors: Rahayu Tutik , Putra W Eka , Endy D Marsita , Diana Rina , Dharmawan Nugrohoaji
Published: July 2022

Latar Belakang: Psoriasis adalah penyakit autoimun dengan dasar genetik dan dicetuskan oleh berbagai faktor di antaranya stresor fisik, stresor kimia dan paparan bahan-bahan kimia. Pembentukan radikal bebas dalam tubuh dapat dihambat oleh zinc. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui kadar zinc serum penderita psoriasis. Metode : Penelitian analitik komparatif numerik dengan rancangan penelitian potong lintang. Sampel terdiri dari 10 orang penderita psoriasis dan 10 orang kontrol. Analisis sampel serum darah untuk pemeriksaan kadar zinc menggunakan inductively couple plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-AES). Analisis statistik menggunakan uji independent sample T-Test dan bermakna jika nilai p<0,05.Hasil: Kadar zinc serum penderita psoriasis lebih rendah dibandingkan kontrol (p = 0,02).

Background: Psoriasis is an autoimmune disease with a genetic basis and triggered by several factors such as chemical agent. The formation of free radicals can be inhibited by zinc. Objective: To determine serum zinc level among psoriasis patients. Methods: An analysis with numerical comparative, coss-sectional study design. Samples were 10 psoriasis and 10 non psoriasis patients. Analysis of blood serum samples for zinc levels used inductively couple plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-AES). Statistical analysis used independent sample T-test with significant value p<0.05. Results: The serum zinc level was significantly lower in psoriasis patients compared to non psoriasis group (p = 0,02).Tutik Rahayu, Eka Putra W, Marsita Endy D, Rina Diana,
Tinjauan atas Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms (DRESS)
Authors: Sie Shun Ling Michael , Kurniawan Marsha
Published: July 2022

Salah satu reaksi hipersensitivitas terhadap obat dikenal sebagai sindrom Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms (DRESS). DRESS merupakan reaksi sistemik yang jarang, meliputi reaksi multisistem berat terhadap obat, dengan gejala demam, ruam kulit, limfadenopati, keterlibatan organ internal dan leukositosis dengan eosinofilia. Diagnosis awal dan tatalaksana yang adekuat dapat membantu mencegah perburukan.

DRESS is a rare severe multisystem reaction to drugs, with symptoms of fever, skin rash, lymphadenopathy, involving internal organs and leukocytosis with eosinophilia. Early diagnosis and adequate treatment can help prevent the progression of DRESS.
Suplemen untuk Terapi Obesitas
Authors: Febriana Lydia
Published: July 2022

Obesitas merupakan kondisi akumulasi lemak berlebihan, yang dapat menimbulkan risiko gangguan kesehatan bahkan kematian. Prevalensinya makin meningkat dan menjadi beban kesehatan global. Obesitas juga dikaitkan dengan peningkatan signifikan morbiditas dan mortalitas akibat Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Kombinasi suplemen makanan dengan berbagai mekanisme diharapkan memiliki efek sinergis untuk menurunkan berat badan, sehingga dapat menjadi bagian dari strategi manajemen obesitas. 

 

Obesity is a condition of excessive fat accumulation; may increase risk of health problems and even death. Its prevalence is increasing and becoming a global health burden. Obesity is also associated with a significant increase in morbidity and mortality from Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Combination of dietary supplements with various mechanisms is expected to have a synergistic effect to weight loss, and become part of an obesity management strategy.
Vitamin D sebagai Terapi Adjuvan Pasien Rinitis Alergi dengan Imunoterapi: Laporan Kasus Berbasis Bukti
Authors: Kurniasih Ayu Novianti , Dini Fitri Nur , Komaruddin Didin
Published: July 2022

Imunoterapi alergen (allergen immunotherapy/AIT) adalah pilihan terapi yang terbukti efektif untuk rinitis alergi baik melalui rute sublingual (SLIT) maupun subkutan (SCIT). AIT dalam jangka panjang dapat menurunkan kadar IgE secara signifikan pada pasien rinitis alergi berat; tetapi efektivitas terapi dapat berkurang setelah AIT dihentikan. Terapi vitamin D dipercaya dapat meningkatkan efektivitas AIT. Studi bertujuan menilai efektivitas suplementasi vitamin D3 pada pasien rinitis alergi yang menjalani imunoterapi ditinjau dari kadar IgE. Penelitian menggunakan metode literature review terkait ilustrasi kasus. Pencarian artikel melalui Pubmed dengan kata kunci terkait dan dipilih berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Dari hasil penyaringan didapatkan dua studi yang sesuai kriteria, yaitu studi oleh Yu, et al, dan oleh Maghraby, et al. Pada kedua studi terdapat penurunan signifikan kadar IgE pada kelompok yang menjalani AIT dengan suplementasi vitamin D dibandingkan kelompok tanpa suplementasi vitamin D. Vitamin D terbukti meningkatkan efektivitas imunoterapi pada pasien rinitis alergi.

 

Allergen immunotherapy (AIT) is a therapeutic option that has been shown to be effective for allergic rhinitis by the sublingual (SLIT) or subcutaneous (SCIT) routes. AIT in the long term can significantly lower IgE levels in severe allergic rhinitis patients; however, its effectiveness may decrease after AIT is discontinued. Vitamin D therapy is believed to be able to increase the effectiveness of AIT. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of vitamin D3 supplementation in allergic rhinitis patients undergoing immunotherapy in terms of IgE levels. The study used a literature review method related to case illustrations. Article search was through Pubmed with related keywords and selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Two studies met the criteria, the study by Yu, et al, and by Maghraby, et al. In both studies, there was a significant reduction in IgE levels in the AIT group with vitamin D supplementation compared to the group without vitamin D supplementation. Vitamin D has been shown to increase the effectiveness of immunotherapy in patients with allergic rhinitis.
Exploring Popular Art and the Avant-Gardes: New Perspectives
Authors: Jürgens Anna-Sophie , Khatua Suchismito , Tolksdorf Nina
Published: July 2022

The connections between circus and the avant-gardes in both research and aesthetic practice have already been explored in w/k. However, as this article shows, the circus-avant-garde theme has the potential to inspire and enrich three interdisciplinary areas of research with new insights: Embodied Research, pantomime as cultural protest and Postcolonial Studies. Discussing this potential, this article draws on, and adds to, some of the intersections between popular art in the form of circus and the avant-gardes, hinted at in a recently published edited collection. The aim is to stimulate lively future academic and artistic explorations into the interstices, and at the intersections, between circus and avant-garde research and art.
Data collection concerning equipment operation in the network of a mobile operator
Authors: Zhanayeva S. B.
Published: July 2022

Mobile data network operators face increasing operational complexity and rising maintenance costs as the number of equipment increases.  As the number of base stations increases, so does the number of failures. Modern technological solutions based on neural network algorithms are able to predict in advance with a certain probability the occurrence of equipment failures. Data of operation and failures on the mobile network equipment is required to train a neural network model. The article considers the performed data collection on the 4G mobile operator network, features and limitations that may further affect the model training.
DWDM signals noise immunity evaluation in a nonlinear fiber-optic path
Authors: Sychuk A. , Vardanyan V. A.
Published: July 2022

The total influence of self-phase modulation, phase cross-modulation and four-wave mixing effects and amplified spontaneous emission noise on transmitted pulsed signals noise immunity in a multichannel fiberoptic transmission system with spectral division multiplexing is investigated. The investigation is carried out under the conditions of transmitting system parameters variation: the total optical power level in optical fiber, the transmission speed and the number of spectral channels. The estimate criterion of transmitted pulsed signals noise immunity is Q-factor. The total Q-factor value dependence on the total optical power level in optical fiber for various transmission speed and the number of spectral channels is demonstrated.
Integrated Inductor Model Verification for Microwave LC-filters in Si and SiGe Systems on a Chip
Authors: Erokhin V. V.
Published: July 2022

In this paper, the conductor model that can be used to design of various inductor layout configurations for any Si and SiGe technological processes is considered. The experimental prototypes of the test inductors were produced in the standard SiGe BiCMOS 130 nm process to verify the model. The chips measuring results showed that the characteristics of the prototypes taking into account the manufacturing tolerance are in the range of model simulated values. It has been found that the proposed model has a better convergence with the prototypes characteristics than 3D modeling. The equivalent circuit simulation speed can be orders of magnitude higher than the 3D simulation speed. The proposed model accuracy is achieved by taking into account the skin-effect and edge-effects in the dielectric and substrate. Using the skin-effect equivalent circuit the model can be run in Cadence Specter Simulator. It is necessary for the microwave LC-filters development.
Determining the Knowledge, Attitude and Perception towards COVID-19 among Newly Recruited Surveillance Team in Ikeja, Lagos State, Nigeria: How justified are we in the Recruitment?
Authors: Babatunde O A , Akande R O , Olarewaju S O
Published: July 2022

Background: In the current pandemic, real-time analyses of epidemiological data generated from a reliable source are required for increasing awareness about COVID-19. Therefore, it is important to assess the perception of risk of the surveillance team that would be deployed, as this will contribute to their commitment towards rapid surveillance of COVID-19.

Objective: This study assessed the knowledge, attitude and perception towards COVID-19 among newly recruited surveillance team in Ikeja, Lagos State, Nigeria.

Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study, with the respondents being active surveillance volunteers recruited by the World Health Organization. One hundred respondents were purposively recruited and data collection was done using a pretested self-administered, semi-structured questionnaire. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS version 25; bivariate and multivariate analyses were done using Chi-square and binary logistic regression respectively at 5% level of significance.

Results: The mean age of the study participants was 37.1 ±11.9 years. Of all the respondents, 58.6% had poor knowledge of COVID-19. Less than half of the respondents (44.8%) had negative attitude towards COVID-19 while majority (90.8%) of them had low risk perception about COVID-19. The binary logistic regression analysis revealed that married respondents had significantly lesser odds (67%) of having poor knowledge about COVID-19 compared with the respondents who were single/Widowed/Widower. (aOR; 0.33, CI; 0.04 - 0.88).

Conclusion: The study highlights the poor knowledge, negative attitude, as well as low risk perception about COVID19 among newly recruited active surveillance workers. Hence, targeted health educational interventions are urgently needed for the surveillance team, most especially in this second wave of COVID-19.

Keywords: Attitude; COVID-19; knowledge; perception; surveillance; team.
Acute Exacerbation of COPD: Clinical Perspectives and Literature Review
Authors: Erhabor G E , Adeniyi B , Arawomo A O , Akinwalere O , Adetona G , Fagbohun F T , Aigbirior J , Erhabor J O
Published: July 2022

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) COPD is a significant cause of morbidity and the third leading cause of death worldwide. COPD is a chronic progressive disease which may be interspersed by periods of acute worsening of respiratory symptoms beyond normal day-to-day variations, called exacerbations, which substantially impact health status and has cumulative effects on lung function. Acute exacerbation of COPD negatively affects disease progression, facilitating decline in pulmonary function and resulting in impaired quality of life and increased mortality risk. Therefore, early introduction of preventive measures in patients at risk of COPD remains the cornerstone of management. This article summarizes clinical perspectives and current knowledge on COPD exacerbations, with insights into practices in low- and middle-income countries.

Keywords: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; exacerbations; progression.
Giant Aggressive Odontogenic Fibroma in a 15-month-old Female: Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: `Fomete B , Samaila M O A , Agbara R , Ajike S O , Foto W F
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Odontogenic fibroma (OF) is a rare benign tumor of mesenchymal odontogenic tissue with variable global incidence. Two variants comprising extraosseous /peripheral (POF) and intraosseous /central (COF) have been identified based on the anatomical origin of the tumor. OF isslow growing, and often asymptomatic with characteristic radiographic appearance of a unilocular or multilocular cyst frequently associated with unerupted or displaced teeth while histologically, varying amount of inactive odontogenic epithelium embedded in a mature relatively dense collagenous stroma is diagnostic. The absence of odontogenic epithelium does not exclude the diagnosis of odontogenic fibroma.

Case report: A 15 months old female presented with 3 months history of left lower jaw swelling which showed aggressive growth following incisional biopsy. Parents said lesion was noticed for the first time as pinpoint on the submandibular area and was too small to warrant any worries. Initial radiograph revealed absence of bony involvement but the second showed evidence of bony involvement. An impression of soft tissue sarcoma was made and incisional biopsy was sent for pathological diagnosis which revealed peripheral odontogenic fibroma. The rapidity of growth following incisional biopsy bellied a benign lesion.

Conclusion: An aggressive odontogenic fibroma with multifocal points in a 15months old girl.

Keywords: Aggressive; Central; Odontogenic fibroma; Peripheral.
Determining the Knowledge, Attitude and Perception towards COVID-19 among Newly Recruited Surveillance Team in Ikeja, Lagos State, Nigeria: How justified are we in the Recruitment?
Authors: Babatunde O A , Akande R O , Olarewaju S O
Published: July 2022

Background: In the current pandemic, real-time analyses of epidemiological data generated from a reliable source are required for increasing awareness about COVID-19. Therefore, it is important to assess the perception of risk of the surveillance team that would be deployed, as this will contribute to their commitment towards rapid surveillance of COVID-19.

Objective: This study assessed the knowledge, attitude and perception towards COVID-19 among newly recruited surveillance team in Ikeja, Lagos State, Nigeria.

Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study, with the respondents being active surveillance volunteers recruited by the World Health Organization. One hundred respondents were purposively recruited and data collection was done using a pretested self-administered, semi-structured questionnaire. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS version 25; bivariate and multivariate analyses were done using Chi-square and binary logistic regression respectively at 5% level of significance.

Results: The mean age of the study participants was 37.1 ± 11.9 years. Of all the respondents, 58.6% had poor knowledge of COVID-19. Less than half of the respondents (44.8%) had negative attitude towards COVID-19 while majority (90.8%) of them had low risk perception about COVID-19. The binary logistic regression analysis revealed that married respondents had significantly lesser odds (67%) of having poor knowledge about COVID-19 compared with the respondents who were single/Widowed/Widower. (aOR; 0.33, CI; 0.04 - 0.88).

Conclusion: The study highlights the poor knowledge, negative attitude, as well as low risk perception about COVID-19 among newly recruited active surveillance workers. Hence, targeted health educational interventions are urgently needed for the surveillance team, most especially in this second wave of COVID-19.

Keywords: Attitude; COVID-19; knowledge; perception; surveillance; team.
Maternal Outcomes of Eclampsia at the Lagos University Teaching Hospital: A Six-Year Retrospective Review
Authors: Oluwole
Published: July 2022

Background: Eclampsia is one of the leading causes of maternal morbidity and mortality.

Objectives: To determine the incidence as well as the maternal outcomes of eclampsia at the Lagos University Teaching Hospital (LUTH).

Methods: This was a retrospective review.

Results: During the six-year review period, 4182 women gave birth at our facility, out of which 67 cases of eclampsia were diagnosed (16 per 1000 deliveries). Four women died constituting a case fatality rate of 5.9%. Fifteen women were admitted to the intensive care unit, 6 women had acute kidney injury while 5 had abruptio placentae. Further comparison of our data with previous studies from our institution decades ago showed a continuous decrease in total number of eclamptic cases presenting to our facility (572 eclamptics in 1977 - 1986, 299 ECLAMPTICS IN 1986 - 1995, 165 IN 1996-2005 AND 67 IN 2015-2020).

Conclusion: The case fatality rate from eclampsia is still high in our hospital. Increased utilisation of antenatal care may play an important role in improving the maternal outcomes from this life-threatening obstetric condition. There is need for maternal education and increase awareness on the importance of antenatal care and early referral to tertiary level of care in order to reverse this trend.

Authors

A A Oluwole 1 2, A O Ugwu 2, A P Soibi-Harry 2, S R Garba 2, K S Okunade 1 2, C C Makwe 1 2, E Owie 2, S I Omisakin 1 2, N K Ani-Ugwu 3, I T Okafor 2, U Ifezue 4, J A Olamijulo 1 2
Informed Consent: The Surgical Patient's Experience in a Tertiary Hospital in Northwest Nigeria
Authors: Grema
Published: July 2022

Background: Obtaining informed consent (IC) before a surgical procedure is the cornerstone of medical practice. The practice of IC continues to evolve as litigations increase. Most studies on patients' perspectives of IC are either old or were done in southern Nigeria. This study assessed the surgical patients' IC experience in a tertiary hospital in northwest Nigeria.

Methods: This cross-sectional study assessed 244 consecutive patients who had elective surgeries in surgical departments of a tertiary hospital. Pretested questionnaires were used to collect data regarding their perception of the meaning of IC, the process of obtaining it, satisfaction with how it was obtained, and factors associated with satisfaction on how consent was obtained.

Results: Most were females (61.9%); their mean age was 34.8±14.3 years; 52.9% and 61.9% of respondents did not believe that IC enables patient-clinician shared decision-making or patient's self-decision making, respectively. Most were allowed to ask questions (83.2%), received information on the surgical procedure (91.4%), diagnosis (97.9%); however, 38.5% and 48.8% did not receive information about surgical procedures' immediate and long-term complications, respectively. Surgical procedure explanation was mostly provided by Resident Doctors (53.7%). Most (88.9%) were satisfied with how IC was obtained; satisfaction was associated with being allowed to ask questions, receiving explanations on diagnosis, surgical-procedure, complications of surgery, available alternative treatments, and when the resident/ consultants gave the explanation (all P<0.05).

Conclusion: Deficiencies exist in the process of getting IC. Satisfaction with this process was high though associated with following the recommended strategies. Improving the IC process will require appropriate interventions in this and similar settings.

Author

B A Grema 1, S T Tanimu 1, G C Michael 1, I Aliyu 2, S A Aji 3, I U Takai 4, A I Sulaiman 4
Policy Proposal for Integration of Tobacco Cessation Interventions into Oral Health Care in Dental Settings
Authors: Oyeparo
Published: July 2022

Background: Due to the health consequences and economic losses associated with tobacco, the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control, a worldwide effort to control the effects of tobacco smoking on human health enacted a set of policies to curb tobacco use. Smoking cessation services aim to ensure that every patient is screened for tobacco use, their tobacco use status is documented, and patients who use tobacco are advised to quit. Dental health professionals are strategically positioned to reach many tobacco users and this proposal provides a simple framework whereby dentistry could play a major role in smoking cessation efforts.
Interventions: Strategies for incorporating Cessation Services into Oral Health Care Delivery include the School Oral Health programs through Public Health Dentistry, updating the Dental School Curriculum through dental education regarding tobacco use prevention and cessation; including Tobacco Treatment Specialists certification in Postgraduate Curriculum for Dental Public Health; Continuing Medical Education (CME) focused on cessation services for dental personnel; Clinical Smoking Cessation Interventions in Dental settings; Compensation of Dental personnel for tobacco use prevention and cessation services; and ongoing research, evaluation and monitoring.
Conclusion: Incorporation of these evidence-based treatments into dental practice would result in more individuals achieving long-term abstinence and thus reduce tobacco-related death, disease, and economic loss worldwide.
Author
A Oyapero 1, O Erinoso 2, O Olatosi 3
Secuelas sanitario-epidemiológicas y económicas de la covid-19
Authors: Urriola U. Rafael
Published: July 2022

Objetivo: Identifcar las secuelas sanitarias de las personas que han contraído la covid-19 y alertar a las  autoridades sanitarias con respecto a los costos adicionales que podrían esperarse no solo por la prevalencia e incidencia de la pandemia, sino por el aumento de la demanda de bienes y servicios de salud para otras  patologías como consecuencia de ella.Metodología: Recopilación de las conclusiones de documentos y opiniones de expertos en distintos  países con respecto a diferentes tipos de impactos sanitarios.Resultados: Hay escasos estudios sobre secuelas sanitarias específcas de los contagiados con covid-19.  No obstante, los estudios presentan evidencias estadísticamente robustas que, según la gravedad de la covid-19, pueden acarrear mayores incidencias posteriores en enfermedades mentales, neurológicas psiquiatricas y en problemas cardíacos, diabetes y afecciones hepaticas y renales crónicas. Discusión: Las secuelas sanitarias de la Covid-19 puede implicar mayores demandas de recursos en el sistema de salud, lo que exige crear una institucionalidad para hacer un seguimiento sanitario de alrededor de 500.000 personas que, en Chile, han estado o estaran en estado grave o en UCI por covid-19 entre 2020 y 2021.
Visión y propuesta de cambios a sistema de salud en Chile
Authors: Sánchez Bustos Sergio , Anderson Ray , Berríos Andrés , Herrera Javiera , Villarreal Ricardo
Published: July 2022

El objetivo de este estudio es diagnosticar la situación del sistema de salud chileno y proponer mejoras para optimizar su funcionamiento, como parte del trabajo del Instituto de Economía Política y Social. Se reconoce y analiza la inversión pública en salud; el elevado gasto de bolsillo; los diversos niveles de inequidad en los resultados sanitarios respecto a niveles de educación; del tipo de asegurador (público/privado) la compra de servicios de salud y también respecto a los sueldos de los trabajadores del sistema de salud. Metodológicamente se ha realizado una revisión bibliográfica de diversas fuentes y estudios primarios que analizan las características del sistema de salud chileno, fuentes estatales directas, fallos judiciales, capítulos de libro y artículos de prensa. Se concluye que es necesario alinear los incentivos en el público con resultados sanitarios, aumentando la proporción de pago asociado a resultados sanitarios y disminuyendo las demás formas de financiamiento; la implementación de un Seguro Único de salud para mejorar los niveles de mancomunación del sistema y un Plan Único que fortalezca el poder de compra del sector público y reduzca el gasto de bolsillo. Se plan[1]tea la necesidad de reestructurar la forma de administrar y recolectar los recursos destinados al Subsidio por Incapacidad Laboral y se discuten reformas al mercado de los medicamentos. Así mismo, la creación de gobiernos corporativos en las principales instancias ministeriales, servicios de salud y APS municipal es propuesta, para evitar problemas de agencia detectados y falta de continuidad de la gestión pública.
Propuesta para evaluación de servicios farmacéuticos en hospital comunitario, como estrategia metodológica docente
Authors: Santibáñez Pamela , Olivera Germán
Published: July 2022

Introducción: Este trabajo forma parte de la asignatura de Farmacia Asistencial, correspondiente al sép-timo semestre, del ciclo de formación profesional de la Carrera de Química y Farmacia. El objetivo general fue describir el uso de una herramienta pedagógica basada en metodológica aprendizaje más servicios (A+S) en estudiantes de pregrado de la carrera de Química y Farmacia, con respecto a la valoración de los servicios farmacéuticos recibidos, en hospital de Lanco.

Materiales y Método: Este proyecto se inicia con la expo-sición de un video del socio comunitario, químico farmacéutico del Hospital de Lanco, en donde describe la necesidad que presentaba su establecimiento. Para el desarrollo del trabajo, el curso de veinte alumnos se dividió en grupos y en la primera etapa, cada grupo, realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica de artículos relaciona-dos con experiencias nacionales e internacionales sobre evaluación de servicios farmacéuticos. En la segunda etapa los grupos acordaron qué servicios farmacéuticos serían considerados para el desarrollo del proyecto y que metodología se usaría para implementar esta evaluación. Para evaluar la aplicación de esta metodología de aprendizaje más servicio (A+S), se aplicó a la totalidad del curso una escala de apreciación en que cada criterio se le asignó la definición de logro que cada alumno obtuvo según el desarrollo de su proyecto.

Resultados: En la evaluación de los resultados de aprendizaje el curso obtuvo como promedio 26/28 puntos, en competencia genérica 3.8/4 puntos, reflexión 5.7/8 puntos y servicio 10.5/12 puntos. Para am-bos criterios de evaluación, el rendimiento del curso alcanzó un nivel de logro destacado (Aramburuzabala, 2014) y competente (Márquez-Peiró, 2008). La encuesta de reflexión aplicada mostró una valoración posi-tiva en más del 75% de estudiantes del curso.

Discusión: Finalmente, los resultados fueron acordes a lo planificado, en donde ambos grupos lograron de manera satisfactoria los resultados de aprendizaje propuestos, en relación con las necesidades del socio comuni-tario y mostraron, a través de la etapa reflexión, la positiva valoración de la actividad por parte de los alumnos.
Reviewing the Nexus of Participatory Journalism and Mediatized Engagement
Authors:   Oslo Metropolitan University, Westlund Oscar , Murschetz Paul-Clemens ,   Berlin University of Digital Sciences
Published: July 2022

This study reviews the scholarly literature on participatory journalism and mediatized audience engagement as two emergent perspectives of digital journalism studies. We discuss four propositions drawn from an interdisciplinary literature. We find that a review and critical discussion of the nexus of relations and impacts of these perspectives provides valuable insights to the transformation of journalism and the news media industry. Furthermore, we believe that thinking about participatory journalism and mediatized audience engagement can be fruitfully applied to various novel approaches regarding research on the fundamental transformation of journalism in the digital age.
Differentiation through newspapers paywalls: toward a “Gresham’s law” of information? Case studies of some Swiss and French daily newspapers
Authors:   Geneva University, Badillo Patrick-Yves , Bourgeois Dominique ,   University of Fribourg
Published: July 2022

The paper proposes an evaluation of the impact of paywalls on information. A new media model based on digital platforms and paywalls is the theoretical basis. A literature review shows that currently many newspapers operate some kind of paywalls; however, the choice of free and/or paywalled content is not obvious. We study the cases of three Swiss newspapers and three French newspapers. The types of paywalls and the subscription prices are described. Data concerning free and paid articles are analysed for some main sections. Results show differentiation between free and paid articles concerning the authors and the types of articles. Different strategies appear, particularly at the level of different sections of a newspaper. Finally, we discuss the idea of a kind of “Gresham’s law” of information.
Representações sociais do “perigo vermelho”: traços de uma cultura política moderna em jornais de Ribeirão Preto-SP (1935-1937)
Authors: Carvalho Yuri Araujo , Mello Rafael Cardoso de
Published: July 2022

Investigaremos um conjunto de representações sociais caracterizadas pelo “anticomunismo”, construídas e/ou disseminadas por jornais existentes na cidade de Ribeirão Preto/SP (no caso, os veículos Diário da Manhã, A Tarde e Diário de Notícias), entre os candentes anos de 1935 a 1937. Pesquisar o tema proposto significa descortinar as estratégias discursivas, as construções representativas e a contundência/perenidade de veiculações jornalísticas que alçavam o anticomunismo a uma posição privilegiada para o norteamento das linhas editoriais em uma conjuntura crítica (balizada pela chamada Intentona de 1935 e pelo golpe varguista de 1937), na qual os jornais apresentavam-se enquanto arautos dos mais elevados “interesses da nação” (eclipsando, todavia, os interesses das classes dominantes constituídas, bem como o consequente emprego dos impressos como ferramentas de inculcação ideológica). Metodologicamente, valemo-nos da análise de representações, articulada aos conceitos de “modernidade” e “cultura política”, mobilizados dialogicamente para o desvelamento de ebulientes episódios da história ribeirão-pretana contidos nas páginas dos jornais citadinos. Os resultados de tais esforços nos permitiram reconhecer e analisar as mais variadas facetas do anticomunismo em Ribeirão Preto (em suas dimensões religiosa, ufanista, político-econômica, etc.), as quais, em situações extremas, consubstanciaram-se em esforços concretos de combate ao “terror vermelho”, cujo exemplo mais notório deu-se com a realização da campanha “Contra o communismo”, de 1937.
Ensino remoto como ferramenta de aprendizagem dos estudantes de enfermagem durante a pandemia do covid-19
Authors: Pereira Allisson da Silva , Lima Neves Géssica Tauamy , Rocha Sarah Lais , Souza Domingues Robson José de
Published: July 2022

Em março de 2020, a organização mundial de saúde (OMS) decretou a pandemia do novo coronavírus denominado SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19), desse modo, várias atividades foram interrompidas e a paralisação das aulas presenciais foi uma das medidas estabelecidas. O Ensino Remoto Emergencial (ERE) estabeleceu a conexão de ensino e aprendizagem sem quebrar o distanciamento social. Este trabalho visa identificar e descrever os desafios do aprendizado remoto (e-learning) na perspectiva de estudantes de enfermagem durante a pandemia de COVID-19. Estudo transversal quantitativo seguindo a estratégia de web survey, por meio da plataforma Google Forms em uso de um questionário de múltipla escolha e escalas de Likert, os dados da pesquisa foram exportados e tabulados para o programa Microsoft Excel, resultando na produção dos gráficos e tabelas. O perfil dos participantes foi de maioria sexo feminino, entre 18 a 24 anos, pardos. As dificuldades encontradas estão atreladas ao manejo das plataformas, bem como a internet de baixa qualidade. As principais plataformas foram o Zoom e o Google Meet, cerca de 31% dos estudantes referem sintomas de alteração da saúde mental. Aproximadamente 62% tiveram piora no rendimento acadêmico e 31% afirmam não ter bagagem teórica suficiente para retorno presencial. A mudança abrupta no processo de ensino aprendizagem em alunos de enfermagem gerou um descompasso na progressão acadêmica, o apoio da intuição de ensino foi essencial, porém ainda se destacam alguns embates para a manutenção da modalidade do modelo híbrido funcional em cursos de enfermagem.