bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
“Ya no tenemos fuerzas”. La gentrificación de los movimientos antigentrificación: una reflexión etnográfica
Authors: Mompó Eva
Published: July 2021

El artículo analiza los desplazamientos y desposesiones simbólico-materiales de movimientos urbanos posicionados frente a la ciudad neoliberal. A partir de un estudio etnográfico en el barrio del Cabanyal (Valencia), se abordan las políticas urbanas y las movilizaciones vecinales en una gentrificación inacabada. El análisis muestra, en primer lugar, cómo el desplazamiento de la vecindad-activista y la desposesión de sus espacios colectivos no acarrea su desaparición, sino su transformación. En segundo lugar, la gentrificación y quienes la resisten, emergen como un mismo fenómeno contradictorio marcado por una expansión del urbanismo neoliberal a través de espacios no mercantilizados y culturalmente diferenciados, como los que generan los movimientos. A modo de conclusión se aplica el concepto de gentrificación a los propios movimientos antigentrificación para explicar la pacificación del espacio urbano y la sustitución de actores que cuestionan de manera subversiva el modelo de ciudad neoliberal.
Comparison of the secretory murine DNase1 family members expressed in Pichia pastoris
Authors: Verhülsdonk Lukas , Mannherz Hans Georg , Napirei Markus
Published: July 2021

Soluble nucleases of the deoxyribonuclease 1 (DNase1) family facilitate DNA and chromatin disposal (chromatinolysis) during certain forms of cell differentiation and death and participate in the suppression of anti-nuclear autoimmunity as well as thrombotic microangiopathies caused by aggregated neutrophil extracellular traps. Since a systematic and direct comparison of the specific activities and properties of the secretory DNase1 family members is still missing, we expressed and purified recombinant murine DNase1 (rmDNase1), DNase1-like 2 (rmDNase1L2) and DNase1-like 3 (rmDNase1L3) using Pichia pastoris. Employing different strategies for optimizing culture and purification conditions, we achieved yields of pure protein between ~3 mg/l (rmDNase1L2 and rmDNase1L3) and ~9 mg/l (rmDNase1) expression medium. Furthermore, we established a procedure for post-expressional maturation of pre-mature DNase still bound to an unprocessed tri-N-glycosylated pro-peptide of the yeast α-mating factor. We analyzed glycosylation profiles and determined specific DNase activities by the hyperchromicity assay. Additionally, we evaluated substrate specificities under various conditions at equimolar DNase isoform concentrations by lambda DNA and chromatin digestion assays in the presence and absence of heparin and monomeric skeletal muscle α-actin. Our results suggest that due to its biochemical properties mDNase1L2 can be regarded as an evolutionary intermediate isoform of mDNase1 and mDNase1L3. Consequently, our data show that the secretory DNase1 family members complement each other to achieve optimal DNA degradation and chromatinolysis under a broad spectrum of biological conditions.
Prevalence of non-communicable diseases risk factors and their determinants: Results from STEPS survey 2019, Nepal
Authors: Bista Bihungum , Dhimal Meghnath , Bhattarai Saroj , Neupane Tamanna , Xu Yvonne Yiru , Pandey Achyut Raj , Townsend Nick , Gyanwali Pradip , Jha Anjani Kumar
Published: July 2021

Background

The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends ongoing surveillance of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and their risk factors, using the WHO STEPwise approach to surveillance (STEPS). The aim of this study was to assess the distribution and determinants of NCD risk factors in Nepal, a low-income country, in which two-thirds (66%) of annual deaths are attributable to NCDs.

Methods

A nationally representative NCD risk factors STEPS survey (instrument version 3.2), was conducted between February and May 2019, among 6,475 eligible participants of age 15–69 years sampled from all 7 provinces through multistage sampling process. Data collection involved assessment of behavioral and biochemical risk factors. Complex survey analysis was completed in STATA 15, along with Poisson regression modelling to examine associations between covariates and risk factor prevalence.

Results

The most prevalent risk factor was consumption of less than five servings of fruit and vegetables a day (97%; 95% CI: 94.3–98.0). Out of total participants, 17% (95% CI: 15.1–19.1) were current smoker, 6.8% (95% CI: 5.3–8.2) were consuming ≥60g/month alcohol per month and 7.4% (95% CI:5.7–10.1) were having low level of physical activity. Approximately, 24.3% (95% CI: 21.6–27.2) were overweight or obese (BMI≥25kg/m2) while 24.5% (95% CI: 22.4–26.7) and 5.8% (95% CI: 4.3–7.3) had raised blood pressure (BP) and raised blood glucose respectively. Similarly, the prevalence of raised total cholesterol was 11% (95% CI: 9.6–12.6). Sex and education level of participants were statistically associated with smoking, harmful alcohol use and raised BP. Participants of age 30–44 years and 45–69 years were found to have increased risk of overweight, raised BP, raised blood sugar and raised blood cholesterol. Similarly, participants in richest wealth quintile had higher odds of insufficient physical inactivity, overweight and raised blood cholesterol. On average, each participant had 2 NCD related risk factors (2.04, 95% CI: 2.02–2.08).

Conclusion

A large portion of the Nepalese population are living with a variety of NCD risk factors. These surveillance data should be used to support and monitor province specific NCD prevention and control interventions throughout Nepal, supported by a multi-sectoral national coordination mechanism.
Development and validation of a prognostic 40-day mortality risk model among hospitalized patients with COVID-19
Authors: Berry Donald A. , Ip Andrew , Lewis Brett E. , Berry Scott M. , Berry Nicholas S. , MrKulic Mary , Gadalla Virginia , Sat Burcu , Wright Kristen , Serna Michelle , Unawane Rashmi , Trpeski Katerina , Koropsak Michael , Kaur Puneet , Sica Zachary , McConnell Andrew , Bednarz Urszula , Marafelias Michael , Goy Andre H. , Pecora Andrew L. , Sawczuk Ihor S. , Goldberg Stuart L.
Published: July 2021

Objectives

The development of a prognostic mortality risk model for hospitalized COVID-19 patients may facilitate patient treatment planning, comparisons of therapeutic strategies, and public health preparations.

Methods

We retrospectively reviewed the electronic health records of patients hospitalized within a 13-hospital New Jersey USA network between March 1, 2020 and April 22, 2020 with positive polymerase chain reaction results for SARS-CoV-2, with follow-up through May 29, 2020. With death or hospital discharge by day 40 as the primary endpoint, we used univariate followed by stepwise multivariate proportional hazard models to develop a risk score on one-half the data set, validated on the remainder, and converted the risk score into a patient-level predictive probability of 40-day mortality based on the combined dataset.

Results

The study population consisted of 3123 hospitalized COVID-19 patients; median age 63 years; 60% were men; 42% had >3 coexisting conditions. 713 (23%) patients died within 40 days of hospitalization for COVID-19. From 22 potential candidate factors 6 were found to be independent predictors of mortality and were included in the risk score model: age, respiratory rate ≥25/minute upon hospital presentation, oxygenation <94% on hospital presentation, and pre-hospital comorbidities of hypertension, coronary artery disease, or chronic renal disease. The risk score was highly prognostic of mortality in a training set and confirmatory set yielding in the combined dataset a hazard ratio of 1.80 (95% CI, 1.72, 1.87) for one unit increases. Using observed mortality within 20 equally sized bins of risk scores, a predictive model for an individual’s 40-day risk of mortality was generated as -14.258 + 13.460*RS + 1.585*(RS–2.524)^2–0.403*(RS–2.524)^3. An online calculator of this 40-day COVID-19 mortality risk score is available at www.HackensackMeridianHealth.org/CovidRS.

Conclusions

A risk score using six variables is able to prognosticate mortality within 40-days of hospitalization for COVID-19.

Trial registration

Clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT04347993.
Zika virus isolation, propagation, and quantification using multiple methods
Authors: Dangsagul Worawat , Ruchusatsawat Kriengsak , Tawatsin Apiwat , Changsom Don , Noisumdaeng Pirom , Putchakarn Sukontip , Phatihattakorn Chayawat , Auewarakul Prasert , Puthavathana Pilaipan
Published: July 2021

Zika virus (ZIKV) was isolated from the archival urine, serum, and autopsy specimens by intrathoracic inoculation of Toxorhynchitis splendens and followed by three blind sub-passaging in C6/36 mosquito cells. The virus isolates were identified using an immunofluorescence assay and real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (real-time RT-PCR). This study analyzed 11 ZIKV isolates. One isolate (0.6%) was obtained from 171 urine samples, eight (8.7%) from 92 serum samples and two from tissues of an abortive fetus. After propagation in C6/36 cells, ZIKV was titrated by plaque and focus forming unit (FFU) assays in Vero cell monolayers, and viral genomes were determined via real-time and digital RT-PCR. Plaque and FFU assay quantitations were comparable, with the amount of infectious viruses averaging 106−107 PFU or FFU/ml. Real-time RT-PCR semi-quantified the viral genome numbers, with Ct values varying from 12 to 14. Digital RT-PCR, which precisely determines the numbers of the viral genomes, consistently averaged 10–100 times higher than the number of infectious units. There was good correlation between the results of these titration methods. Therefore, the selection of a method should be based on the objectives of each research studies.
Workplace noise exposure and the prevalence and 10-year incidence of age-related hearing loss
Authors: Gopinath Bamini , McMahon Catherine , Tang Diana , Burlutsky George , Mitchell Paul
Published: July 2021

There is paucity of population-based data on occupational noise exposure and risk of age-related hearing loss. Therefore, we assessed cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of past workplace noise exposure with hearing loss in older adults. At baseline, 1923 participants aged 50+ years with audiological and occupational noise exposure data included for analysis. The pure-tone average of frequencies 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 and 4.0 kHz (PTA0.5-4KHz) >25 dB HL in the better ear, established the presence of hearing loss. Participants reported exposure to workplace noise, and the severity and duration of this exposure. Prior occupational noise exposure was associated with a 2-fold increased odds of moderate-to-severe hearing loss: multivariable-adjusted OR 2.35 (95% CI 1.45–3.79). Exposure to workplace noise for >10 years increased the odds of having any hearing loss (OR 2.39, 95% CI 1.37–4.19) and moderate-to-severe hearing loss (OR 6.80, 95% CI 2.97–15.60). Among participants reporting past workplace noise exposure at baseline the 10-year incidence of hearing loss was 35.5% versus 29.1% in those who had no workplace noise exposure. Workplace noise exposure was associated with a greater risk of incident hearing loss during the 10-year follow-up: multivariable-adjusted OR 1.39 (95% CI 1.13–1.71). Prior occupational noise exposure was not associated with hearing loss progression. Workplace noise exposure increased the risk of incident hearing loss in older adults. Our findings underscore the importance of preventive measures which diminish noise exposure in the workplace, which could potentially contribute towards reducing the burden of hearing loss in later life.
La pluma del satírico, la espada del rebelde: respuestas serviles al humor en el marco de las Cortes de Cádiz.
Authors: Calvo Maturana Antonio Juan
Published: July 2021

El presente trabajo estudia el impacto causado por la sátira liberal en el partido servil en el emotivo (apocalíptico para muchos de ellos) contexto de las Cortes de Cádiz. La ley de libertad de imprenta y el letargo (y la posterior abolición) inquisitorial dejaron a los defensores del orden tradicional sin más argumento que sus propias palabras en un momento en  que era fundamental convencer a una opinión pública cuyo sentir marcaba el pulso del proceso constitucional. En primer lugar se estudia el rechazo servil a la sátira (sobre todo a aquella destinada a zaherir a la Iglesia), considerada como propia de la frivolidad de los liberales y nada adecuada a la gravedad de la situación española; en segundo lugar, se comprueba que el partido servil terminó por entrar con fuerza en esa guerra satírica, aunque se justificase como un mal necesario. Al mismo tiempo, se comprueba hasta qué punto el humor terminó por perfilar la imagen que formaron los dos bloques políticos del momento de sí mismos y del otro.
De utopías, neocatólicos y política
Authors: Romeo Mateo María Cruz
Published: July 2021

El presente trabajo explora la pertinencia, o no, del uso de la categoría analítica de utopía en relación con el proyecto político de los neocatólicos en la España de Isabel II. Las dificultades del empleo de este concepto, así como su rechazo por parte de los protagonistas de la época, ofrecen una oportunidad para delimitar el sentido político y cultural del catolicismo intransigente en la sociedad postrevolucionaria. Sus propuestas enlazaron con demandas de grupos diversos temerosos ante los riesgos desestabilizadores del soberanismo partidario del decisionismo.
«Sueños nocturnos» y retropías en el tradicionalismo español
Authors: Hibbs-Lissorges Solange
Published: July 2021

El presente trabajo estudia las ‘retopías’ y utopías de inspiración retrospectiva en el tradicionalismo español del siglo XIX y principios del XX. Para ello, se tiene en cuenta la diversidad de registros que caracteriza el fenómeno utópico. A lo largo del periodo mencionado, reacción y acción convergieron en el pensamiento contrarrevolucionario y alimentaron distintas modalidades de resistencia. Frente al utopismo revolucionario, se elaboraron relatos de la retropía en los que el pasado pervivía como legado material y espiritual, con una proyección posible. Estos relatos se sustentaron en una mitología reaccionaria que justificaba la violencia purificadora en defensa de la religión. La beligerancia contra el liberalismo y la creciente secularización de la sociedad constituyó la seña de identidad del carlismo y del tradicionalismo cuya actuación resultó paradójica: buscar una vuelta al pasado, pero con voluntad de influir en la vida política. Todo ello, mediante una lucha por el poder en la Iglesia y una «recatolización» de la sociedad civil.
El aprovisionamiento de caballos para el Ejército del Centro en la Primera Guerra Carlista
Authors: González García Clemente
Published: July 2021

El presente trabajo estudia el aprovisionamiento de monturas para el ejército y su impacto en el área valenciana durante la Primera Guerra Carlista. El secular abandono de la cría caballar y la excesiva duración de la guerra incrementaron las dificultades para obtener caballos con determinadas características. Ello obligó al Gobierno a recurrir a diversos medios, tales como remonta, requisas y compras en metálico, para cubrir las bajas y crear nuevas unidades de Caballería. Los principales perjudicados acabaron siendo los labradores valencianos, muchos de ellos integrados también en la Milicia Nacional. Cuando lograban poner sus animales a salvo de la rapiña carlista, se veían obligados a entregarlos al Gobierno a cambio de recibos que solo eran válidos para pagar contribuciones.
Política, Iglesia y dictadura en Argentina. El Partido Demócrata Cristiano durante la denominada Revolución Libertadora. (Corrientes, 1955-1958)
Authors: Solís Carnicer María Del Mar , Maggio Mayra Soledad
Published: July 2021

En 1955, un golpe de Estado liderado por las Fuerzas Armadas en Argentina provocó la caída del presidente Juan Domingo Perón poniendo fin a casi una década de gobierno. La Iglesia Católica, si bien había manifestado su apoyo inicial al peronismo, desde hacía tiempo se había constituido en una aliada clave para la oposición. Su participación no solo se limitó al golpe de Estado, sino que continuó durante la dictadura surgida en consecuencia, proceso autodenominado Revolución Libertadora. En este artículo nos proponemos estudiar algunos aspectos de la relación entre la Iglesia y la política durante ese período desde un ámbito acotado como lo es la provincia de Corrientes, situada en el nordeste de Argentina, con rasgos políticos y sociales tradicionales y con una fuerte religiosidad. Nos centramos para ello en el análisis de la organización del Partido Demócrata Cristiano, su ideario y actuación política en los primeros años de formación.
Las relaciones de España con las monarquías árabes del golfo Pérsico: los gobiernos de Adolfo Suárez y Felipe González
Authors: González del Miño Paloma , Hernández Martínez David
Published: July 2021

Las monarquías árabes del golfo Pérsico ocupan una posición preferente en la política exterior de España, debido a su importancia política y económica. La Transición y los primeros Gobiernos democráticos supusieron una profunda renovación de las relaciones internacionales españolas, repercutiendo en la forma de interactuar con las distintas regiones del mundo, incluyendo los regímenes de Oriente Próximo. En el período entre 1976-1996, los ejecutivos de Adolfo Suárez y Felipe González pusieron especial interés en fortalecer vínculos con Arabia Saudí, Omán, Emiratos Árabes Unidos, Qatar, Bahréin y Kuwait, constituyendo unas bilateralidades muy estrechas que se han mantenido durante más de cuarenta años. El conjunto de los seis países sigue teniendo una importancia vital para los intereses y objetivos españoles.
Figueira da Foz as a «site of memory» on the escape route from occupied Europe during the Second World War (1943-1945). Proposal for a historical itinerary
Authors: Vaquinhas Irene Maria de Montezuma de Carvalho Mendes
Published: July 2021

This study presents a proposal for a historical itinerary based on the «sites of memory» resulting from the presence in Figueira da Foz (a coastal city in central Portugal) of refugees from World War II. This seaside resort was one of the places chosen by the Salazar regime to receive refugees on a temporary basis, while they were waiting to embark to other countries or continents. Drawing on historical documentation, literary works and memoirs, this study identifies and maps out the places inhabited and frequented by these refugees during their stay in the city. The aim is to connect the intangible values of European history with the history of the city and its civic culture. By appreciating local heritage, it also seeks to maximize its potential to become a cultural-tourist product, enabling its integration into transnational cultural circuits, within the framework of the European Union’s policy for cross-border regions whose main aim was to free Europe from Nazi power and to break up of occupied Europe.
OLIVER OLMO, Pedro (coord.), La tortura en la España contemporánea. Madrid, Los Libros de la Catarata, 2020, 286 pp.
Authors: Pérez-Olivares Alejandro
Published: July 2021

Reseña:Pedro Oliver Olmo (coord.), La tortura en la España contemporánea, Madrid, Los Libros de la Catarata, 2020, ISBN 978-84-1352-077-3, 288 pp.
ÁLVAREZ TARDÍO, Manuel; DEL REY, Fernando (eds.), Vidas truncadas. Historias de violencia en la España de 1936. Barcelona, Galaxia Gutenberg, 2021, 592 pp.
Authors: Jiménez Torres David
Published: July 2021

Reseña: ÁLVAREZ TARDÍO, Manuel; DEL REY, Fernando (eds.), Vidas truncadas. Historias de violencia en la España de 1936. Barcelona, Galaxia Gutenberg, 2021, ISBN: 9788418526190, 592 pp.
ROMÁN, Gloria, Franquismo de carne y hueso. Entre el consentimiento y las resistencias cotidianas (1939-1975). Publicacions de la Universitat de València, Valencia, 2020, 378 pp.
Authors: Banderas Navarro Néstor
Published: July 2021

Reseña: ROMÁN, Gloria, Franquismo de carne y hueso. Entre el consentimiento y las resistencias cotidianas (1939-1975). Publicacions de la Universitat de València, Valencia, 2020, ISBN: 978-84-9134-712-5, 380 pp.
Ars longa, vita brevis: en torno a la trayectoria personal de Carmelo Lisón Tolosana
Authors: Gómez Pellón Eloy
Published: July 2021

El presente artículo repasa la trayectoria personal y académica de Carmelo Lisón Tolosana (1929-2020), autor de una rica y profunda producción antropológica, cuyas obras llenan el último medio siglo de la producción española en este ámbito académico y científico. Su intensa actividad científica no le impidió llevar a cabo otra, no menos intensa, actividad académica, que incluye su contribución a la institucionalización de una antropología social en España, de clara raigambre inglesa y europea. Esta antropología era acorde con su formación en la Universidad de Oxford, a la vera de un distinguido profesorado de adscripción funcionalista, cuyos miembros integraron la llamada escuela inglesa, que dio fama y esplendor, durante varias décadas a la antropología británica. El texto presta especial atención al itinerario intelectual y profesional de Carmelo Lisón, que se inicia en el medio rural de la provincia de Zaragoza (España), en un pequeño pueblo de agricultores, en el seno de una familia de artesanos, propia de una España pobre y con escasa apertura social. Sin embargo, ello no es obstáculo para que, utilizando hábilmente su inteligencia y los canales sociales que quedan abiertos, experimente una marcada progresión personal, simultáneamente con una pronunciada promoción social. Es así como se incardina primero en la universidad inglesa y, posteriormente, en la española, donde recorre en un corto espacio de tiempo todo el escalafón académico, al tiempo que su producción científica se convierte en una referencia inexcusable de la antropología interpretativista, tanto en Europa como fuera de nuestro continente. A pesar de todo, estamos ante una trayectoria análoga, en muchos aspectos, a la de otros profesores universitarios de su época, cuya diferencia sustancial se encuentra en la singular intensidad que imprime a su sorprendente trayectoria vital.
Narratividad, testimonios etnográficos y hermenéutica en la obra de Carmelo Lisón
Authors: Couceiro Domínguez Enrique
Published: July 2021

De forma expresa y reiterada, Carmelo Lisón recalca la centralidad de la palabra y el oír en la investigación antropológica. En este terreno, su atención abarca desde la indagación hermenéutica de los campos semánticos de las ‘palabras-percha’ a los relatos locales en torno a las aporías existenciales. No obstante, el discurso de sus monografías gallegas pone de manifiesto que en su quehacer etnográfico la vía visual también resulta decisiva para el registro de los episodios y, en ellos, para la cuidada creación de su narrativa textual. Esta pinza técnica que articula lo escuchado y lo observado es conforme con el método socio-hermenéutico característico de la antropología lisoniana, orientada a la comprensión e interpretación tentativa de los universos simbólicos de significados y valores culturales, incluidos sus aspectos más recónditos e inefables –lo que se vehicula a través del relato local-, pero siempre anclando la exégesis en una densa contextualización, sobre la roca sólida del análisis socio-estructural y ecológico de las condiciones reales de existencia de los colectivos humanos –lo que asimismo implica desarrollar una metódica perspectiva observadora-. En la elaboración de sus monografías, Lisón convoca una plétora etnográfica de fragmentos testimoniales en estilo directo que actúa como inicial hipotexto, cuya polifonía enriquece notablemente el hipertexto; su narrativa escrita de antropólogo-autor. Este es uno de los recursos del investigador que más sólida veracidad confieren a la ficción monográfica, al informarla con la experiencia local verbalizada. Se logra consolidar así, con eficacia inigualada, un género propiamente antropológico.
Effect of agarwood leaf extract on production performance of broilers experiencing heat stress
Authors: Suryadi Ujang , Kustiawan Erfan , Prasetyo Anang Febri , Imam Shokhirul
Published: July 2021

Background and Aim: The open house cage is mainly influenced by the environmental heat from the sun and the heat released by the chicken. Heat stress can affect physiological conditions so that it has an impact on decreasing productivity. This study aims to determine the effect of agarwood leaf extract in feed on the physiological condition and production performance of broilers experiencing heat stress and to generate prediction equations for the optimal level of the extract in feed. Materials and Methods: A total of 200 22-day-old broilers (Cobb 500™) underwent four treatments with five replications each, namely, feed without agarwood leaf extract (control) (T0), and feed with 250 (T1), 300 (T2), and 350 mg of agarwood leaf extract/kg body weight (T3). The parameters observed include physiological condition (heart rate, respiratory frequency, and body temperature) as well as production performance (feed consumption, body weight gain [BWG], and feed conversion). Results: The administration of agarwood leaf extract significantly (p<0.05) decreased heart rate and respiratory frequency. However, there was no significant difference (p>0.05) in body temperature, glucose levels, hemoglobin and erythrocyte concentrations, as well as production performance which include weight gain, feed consumption, and feed conversion ratio. Meanwhile, broilers treated with agarwood leaf extract had a significantly lower heart rate and respiratory frequency (p<0.05) compared to the control. However, broilers given agarwood leaf extract showed better body weight, consumption, and ration conversion compared to the control. Conclusion: Agarwood leaf extract in feed reduces heart rate and respiratory frequency but has no significant effect on body temperature and hematological parameters (glucose levels, hemoglobin, and erythrocyte concentrations) as well as production performance (feed consumption, weight gain, and feed conversion). These results indicate that the administration of 350 mg/kg body weight agarwood leaf extract is most effective to reduce feed consumption and increase BWG.
Indonesia Emas Berkelanjutan 2045: Kumpulan Pemikiran Pelajar Indonesia Sedunia Seri 7 Lingkungan
Authors: Rifat Raisa ,   Russian State Agrarian University, Izzudin Habib Abdurahman ,   International University of Africa, Setiawan Fajar Ajie ,   Kobe University, Pirade Februriyana ,   Ghent University, Sidiq Asrul ,   Australian National University, Prihardini Desy Ayu ,   Australian National University, Camelia Hana ,   Australian National University, Adzel Zestadianna ,   Australian National University, Dewita Anggi ,   Monash University, Fitrinitia rene Sondang ,   Yokohama National University, Gracianti Giovani ,   University of Melbourne, Pangestu Radityo ,   Kobe University, Setyawati Dinita ,   Kyoto University, Valerie Florence Yokhebed ,   University of Warwick, Yogaswara Gugi ,   Kyoto University, Notodarmojo Peni Astrini ,   Okayama University, Naibaho Betty Betharia S. ,   National Taiwan Normal University, Ardiati Fenny Clara ,   Chalmers University of Technology, Humaira Nadya ,   University of Graz, Iresha Fajri Mulya ,   Kyoto University, Banaget Cut Keumala ,   University of Glasgow, Iswara Aditya Prana ,   Chung Yuan Christian University, Hassan Fahir ,   Chung Yuan Christian University, Marhendra Bara Awanda ,   ETH Zürich, Sunaya Made Urmylla Lyyasintha ,   VŠCHT Praha, Perwira Evan Hakeem ,   VŠCHT Praha, Rabbani Alija Haydar ,   Ghent University
Published: July 2021

LIPI Press berkolaborasi dengan Perhimpunan Pelajar Indonesia (PPI) Dunia menerbitkan rangkaian buku seri Indonesia Emas Berkelanjutan 2045: Kumpulan Pemikiran Pelajar Indonesia Sedunia. Rangkaian bunga rampai ini terdiri dari 12 buku dengan sejumlah topik yang mendukung Tujuan Pembangunan Berkelanjutan atau Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) untuk mencapai tujuan Indonesia Emas 2045. Buku ini merupakan seri ketujuh dari rangkaian tersebut. Seri Lingkungan ini ditulis berangkat dari kekhawatiran bahwa kebijakan lingkungan yang telah ada selama ini keliru. Buku ini mendukung empat target dari SDGs, yaitu manajemen sanitasi dan air bersih (poin 6), pola konsumsi dan produksi yang berkelanjutan (poin 12), penanganan perubahan iklim (poin 13), dan ekosistem daratan (poin 15). Isu lingkungan menjadi sentral dan sangat menarik untuk dibahas karena besar pengaruhnya terhadap isu-isu lain, seperti ekonomi, politik, dan budaya. Buku ini diharapkan dapat menjadi bacaan yang bermanfaat bagi masyarakat Indonesia, khususnya para pembuat kebijakan dan pemangku kepentingan di bidang lingkungan. Temukan sumbangsih pemikiran, saran, solusi, dan analisis dari perwakilan pelajar Indonesia di seluruh dunia terkait pengelolaan dan peningkatan kualitas lingkungan hidup Indonesia.
Kihívások és perspektívák a hallgatói munka értékelésében: európai szaknyelvoktatók tapasztalatai a kényszertávoktatással kapcsolatban
Authors: Pál Ágnes , Kóris Rita
Published: July 2021

A COVID-19 világjárvány következtében bevezetett kényszertávoktatás egyik legfontosabb aspektusa a hallgatói munka életszerű és hiteles értékelése, a hagyományos értékelési formák hatékonyságának megkérdőjelezése. A tanulmány ismerteti annak a nemzetközi kvalitatív kutatásnak az eredményeit, amely európai szaknyelvoktatók körében készült. 10 európai ország, 12 különböző felsőoktatási intézmény szaknyelvoktatójával (N=12) készítettünk mélyinterjút azzal a céllal, hogy feltárjuk a szaknyelvoktatók kényszertávoktatás alatt szerzett különböző tapasztalatait, különös tekintettel a hallgatói munka értékelésével kapcsolatos kihívásokra, az intézményes vagy egyedi megoldásokra, az értékelési gyakorlatot érintő változtatásokra. A kutatás eredményei rávilágítanak az értékeléssel kapcsolatos kihívásokra (tisztességtelen vizsgázói magatartás, kötött intézményi szabályok, oktatók megnövekedett munkaterhelése), valamint az alkalmazott megoldásokra (formatív értékelés előtérbe helyezése, nyílt értékelési gyakorlat alkalmazása, személyre szabott értékelés). A tanulmány a kényszertávoktatásban rejlő lehetőségek kihasználása mellett érvel, és előrevetít egy módszertani és pedagógiai szemléletváltást a szaknyelvoktatás értékelési módszereiben.
Relationship between Musculoskeletal Disorders and Anthropometric Measurements in Security Guards Working in Krishna Hospital, Karad
Authors: Karande Akanksha Prakash , Ahire Yogeshwari Ratilal , Varadharajulu Govindhan
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUND Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are very common amongst security guards. MSD is the main cause for the increase in rate of absenteeism. MSDs are formed gradually in people who have inappropriate position while working. In view of the fact that the security guards continuously stand in a static posture for most of the time, MSDs are progressively formed over time, and this may have considerable impact on their personal and social life. This study was helpful to find out the level of health problems and stress associated with MSDs and techniques to reduce these risk factors among the security guards which are related to work. We wanted to find out the relationship between Musculoskeletal disorders and anthropometric measurements in security guards in this study. METHODS It is an observational study with total 90 male participants. Participants belonging to the age group of 25 – 60 yrs. and working for 6 to 12 hours daily were included. Participants with recent history of trauma, fracture, surgical, and local and systemic infections were excluded. A Nordic musculoskeletal questionnaire was used and anthropometric measurements were taken. RESULTS The obtained results revealed that out of 90 subjects, 96.6 % had musculoskeletal disorders in various areas while 3.3 % did not complain of any musculoskeletal discomfort in any area. There is positive correlation between body mass index, height, weight, age, and the musculoskeletal disorders. CONCLUSIONS Study results concluded that there is relationship between the musculoskeletal disorders and anthropometric measurements in security guards. KEY WORDS Musculoskeletal Disorders, Anthropometric Measurements, Correlation, Security Guards, Body Mass Index
Association of Work Stress Level with Sleep Quality in Nurses and Medical Social Workers at a Tertiary Care Hospital of Wardha District
Authors: Singh Vikram , Muntode Pramita , Singh Sonal , Waghmare Rutuj , Kishore Sumit , Joshi Shobha , Thakur Rahul
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUND Nurses and medical social workers’ (MSW’s) stress has an impact on health, which ultimately has an effect on quality care of the patients. Stress problems are one of the leading causes of sleep disturbance. We wanted to evaluate the association of quality and pattern of sleep with work stress levels in nurses and medico-social workers in this study. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted on nurses and MSW’s of Tertiary Care Hospitals of Wardha city using questionnaire, containing 24 questions. A total of 513 Nurses and 36 MSW’s of Tertiary Care Hospitals were taken in this study, sampling was done by simple random sampling method. The stress was evaluated using 10 items “Global perceived stress scale” (GPSS) and for sleep quality “Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index” (PSQI) of total 14 items was used. The variables were compared in unpaired t test and Pearson correlation test to know the level of significance of determinacy which was set at less than 0.05. RESULTS The overall PSS scores in nurses (12.57 ± 3.7) and MSWs (12.87 ± 3.1) were almost similar and were statistically significant. Subjective sleep quality score of MSWs (2.19 ± 0.66) was higher than that of nurses (2.00 ± 0.19) and was statistically insignificant according to the specialization. The statistically relevant sleep duration was greater in MSWs (13.50 ± 03.56) than in nurses (12.16 ± 02.73). Moderate positive correlation between perceived stress severity and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index was observed. CONCLUSIONS Certain characteristics of work shift among nurses and MSW’s is directly affected by the stress and sleep quality and indirectly affects the patient care and treatment. The study indicates that work characteristics may influence sleep quality and stress among nurses and MSW’s. We needed to improve work shift schedule in order to provide good health and well-being of nurses and MSW’s which would further improve the quality of patient care. KEY WORDS Nurses, MSW’s, Sleep Quality, Stress
Comparison of Protective Effect of Apium graveolens and Aloe vera Supplemented with Zinc on Cadmium Induced Hepato and Nephro-Toxicity in Wistar Rats
Authors: N.K. Sushanth , R. Vijayaraghavan , S Vijayalakshmi , Sivanesan Senthilkumar , Swaminathan Madhan Kumar , P Praveen Kumar
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUND Cadmium (Cd) is an environmental pollutant that accumulates in various organs such as liver, kidney, and other organs. It generates reactive oxygen species, thereby resulting in pathological changes in the organs it accumulates in by depleting antioxidants. Apium graveolens (AG) and Aloe vera (AV) are rich sources of antioxidants. Zinc (Zn) is an important antioxidant trace element present in various tissues and this protects the organs from the toxic effects of cadmium. We wanted to compare the protective effect of AG and AV with and without Zn supplementation in Cd exposed liver and kidneys of Wistar rats. METHODS Male Wistar albino rats were divided into 11 groups. The control group received only vehicle, the experimental groups were administered with 10 mg / Kg bw of CdCl2, 40mg / Kg bw of ZnCl2, 200 mg / Kg bw of AG and AV, 400mg / K bw AG and AV separately and in combination. After 56 days, the animals were sacrificed and histopathology was done. RESULTS Cd resulted in significant tissue damage of liver and kidney. AG, AV and Zn were able to offer protection to these tissues. CONCLUSIONS AG, AV and Zn by virtue of their antioxidant properties, protect the liver and kidney from damages due to Cd more effectively in rats. KEY WORDS Cadmium, Zinc, Kidney, Liver, Apium graveolens, Aloe vera
Effect of Different Sintering Cycles on the Surface Hardness of Full Contour Monolithic Zirconia – An In Vitro Comparative Study
Authors: Shetty Sanath Kumar , Varghese Feba Maria , Zahid Mohammed , Dandekeri Savitha , Feroz Fowzaan
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUND This in-vitro study was conducted to compare the effect of different sintering cycles on the surface hardness of full contour monolithic Zirconia. METHODS In this in-vitro study, a total of 28 bar shaped Zirconia samples of final dimensions 20 x 4 x 2 mm were fabricated using Amann Girrbach CAD - CAM unit. These samples were randomly allocated into four groups with 7 samples in each group namely, Group 1, 2, 3 and 4 (Group 1: Long sintering cycle, Group 2: Intermediate sintering cycle, Group 3: Short sintering cycle, Group 4: Ultra-short sintering cycle) and sintered under the respective sintering cycles. The Ceramill® Therm sintering furnace provided 3 sintering cycles ranging from the longest Group - 1 (19 hours), to the short sintering cycle Group - 3 (8 hours), with an intermediate sintering cycle Group - 2 (15hours). The Zircom sintering furnace provided an ultra-short sintering cycle Group - 4 (2 hours). The testing of surface hardness was performed using TECSOL hardness tester. Statistical analysis of the collected data was performed by one - way ANOVA using SPSS software. Multiple comparison was done using post-hoc Tukey’s test. RESULTS One - way ANOVA showed statistically significant difference in the surface hardness of different samples (P < 0.05). The highest mean hardness was observed in Group 3 with 2713.757 + 233.89 VHN, followed by Group 2 with 2595.714 + 62.35 VHN, followed by Group 4 with 2518.600 + 103.65 VHN and Group 1 with the least, 1734.300 + 460.20 VHN. CONCLUSIONS The surface hardness of full contour monolithic Zirconia was influenced to some extent by various sintering cycles. The longest sintering cycle showed the least surface hardness whereas, the short sintering cycle showed the highest surface hardness. Also the ultra-short sintering cycle of 2 hours exhibited surface hardness comparable to the other sintering cycles with longer duration, making it a viable alternative to the conventional sintering cycles. KEY WORDS Monolithic Zirconia, CAD - CAM, Sintering, Hardness
Influence of Surface Texture of Implants on Microorganism – A Review
Authors: Rajpurohit Gayathri Karan , Rajasekar Arvina
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUND The development of endosseous osseointegrated dental implants has been very rapid over the past 20 years. The present literature review focuses on evaluating the various modifications done on the surface of dental implant and its influence on microorganisms. We wanted to review the evidence on the surface texture of implants and its influence on microorganisms. METHODS A Medline research was done, and all the information was gathered from various research articles. The keywords on the search pad were “implant”, “surface texture”, “surface modifications “, “biofilm”, “bacterial attachment”, “adhesion”, “microbes”, “antibacterial”, “acid etching”, “subtractive” and “additive” changes. The research publications were searched on Google Scholar and PubMed. Screening of studies which were eligible for the review, quality assessment, inclusion criteria, exclusion criteria and data extraction for all the endosseous implants with various surface modifications were checked. Verification of the information was conducted by two reviewers independently to eliminate any bias. The review article included systemic analysis, retrospective study and randomised trials. The results were all initially tabulated comparing the surface modifications with their effect on implant including bacterial resistance, osteogenic, osteoconductive etc. Based on the evidence the results were formulated, and the conclusion was made. RESULTS It’s clear from the evidence that there was no constancy in the results obtained. Each study believes in different techniques and different ideologies of the researcher to improve the microbial resistance either by coating or by surface modification. Due to the varying pattern of results, it is difficult to identify a definite reason for the microbial load over the implant. CONCLUSIONS There was no constancy in the results obtained. Overall, there are many technical solutions to avoid implant failure due to the bacterial load. These technical solutions exhibit a great potential when tried on preclinical models but there is a lack of clinical trial which hinders the achievement of any proper conclusion to build a standard protocol for the manufacturing of dental implants with structural modification. As implants are considered to be the most effective way to replace a missing tooth, standard technique with better surface texture is required to have good strength and better microbial resistance. KEY WORDS Surface Texture, Implant, Biofilm, Microbial Load, Modifications, Antimicrobial, Osseoconductive, Osseointegration
Orthodontics in the Era of Digital Innovation – A Review
Authors: M Mayma Nathasha , N.C. Sushil Chakravarthi , Srinivasan Dilip , Kalidass Priya , D. Davis , Kishore Shreya , S. Suvetha
Published: July 2021

The field of orthodontics in its new era is venturing ahead to more up-to-date technological point of view. Digital technology has a significant effect on our lives ever since the modernization of mobile phones. The advances in technology have remodelled the diagnosis and treatment plan in the field of medicine. Digital workflows are currently increasing in the orthodontic practice and has touched every aspect of orthodontics – with transformations in the documentation, study casts, analysis of a dental malocclusion, smile designing, treatment planning and for fabrication of orthodontic appliances. Three - dimensional imaging of the dentition, skeletal components and the face allows for treatment planning in three dimension and use of computer aided design (CAD) and computer aided manufacturing (CAM) for customization of orthodontic appliances. Software integration of digital models, 3D facial imaging and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) makes it possible to simulate the treatment plan and to attain a good communication with the patients. Recent advancement in digital videography has allowed the clinicians to capture patient’s speech, oral and pharyngeal function, and smile at the same time. Effective and optimal tooth movement required for the patient can also be monitored with the digitalization. Moreover, this digital platform has created the advantage of accessing the patient’s information from any location with the help of cloud based computing storage systems. These advancements have improved the efficiency, accuracy, consistency, and predictability of the treatment outcomes and have also led to progress in educational component and communication. The digitalization is bringing about a revolutionary change in the field of diagnosis and treatment planning, posing a challenge to clinical efficiency and knowledge. KEY WORDS Digital Orthodontics, Digital Workflow, Digital Dental Models, Digital Radiography, CAD CAM, Orthodontics, Review
Autoimmune Limbic Encephalitis Associated with Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Antibodies
Authors: Balagopal Krishnan
Published: July 2021

Limbic encephalitis (LE) is a clinical syndrome characterized by the progressive development of neuropsychiatric symptoms including personality changes, memory loss followed by seizures, autonomic dysfunction, and involvement of the medial temporal lobes.1 Limbic encephalitis most commonly presents secondary to an autoimmune aetiology which can be further subclassified into autoimmune and paraneoplastic. Autoimmune LE can be classified according to the presence of autoantibodies into two categories. The first one is associated with antibodies to intracellular neuronal antigens and the other with antibodies to cell surface antigens.2 Intracellular antigens include Hu, Ma2, Collapsin response - mediator protein 5 (CRMP - 5) and cell surface antigens like the voltage-gated potassium channel (VGKC), N - methyl - D - aspartate receptor (NMDA) and others. The autoimmune form of LE is important because it can be treated with immunotherapy if detected early. We present a case of a patient with recurrent vertigo followed by progressive cognitive dysfunction and involuntary movements. She was diagnosed with autoimmune limbic encephalitis associated with glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) 65 antibodies. Her symptoms showed improvement following immunomodulatory therapy.
Attitude of Medical Practioners and Their Families Toward Handling of Suspected Covid-19 Patients in Mysore, India
Authors: L Hemapriya , Tigga Maureen Prativa , T. Prathap , M.R Anil Kumar , Wali Neha , Chandran Shreya
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUND The novel corona virus 2019 has caused a great hue and cry, especially as the whole world has been caught unawares. We wanted to study the attitude of medical practitioners and their families toward the current situation and on their practice. METHODS We conducted an observational, cross sectional study in the form of an online survey with a questionnaire. All practitioners willing to participate in the study were included. A total of 567 responses were obtained, of which 536 were eligible to be included. RESULTS From the data analysed, 75 % felt that it was in the line of duty to handle Covid suspects. However, 84.5 % felt that they were putting self and their families at risk by doing so, and 74.4 % did not want to handle Covid suspects, because they did not belong to their speciality. The primary concern of 90 % of the respondents was the risk of exposure and quarantine. Occasional anxiety while going to work was seen in 53.7 % of the respondents. On surveying the attitude of family members, we found that 87.3 % of the parents and spouses feared for their safety, but at the same time felt they were doing their duty. While studying the attitude of children, 57.8 % of them felt that their parents were doing a noble job. CONCLUSIONS The majority of practitioners are not trained to handle the current crisis. Fear and anxiety because of lack of knowledge, poor attitude and lack of guidelines may lead to increased stress levels and reluctance to handle suspect Covid-19 patients. KEY WORDS Covid 19, Stress, Attitude of Health Workers
Novel Coronavirus (Covid-19) Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Amongst Dental Postgraduate Students to Prevent the Spread of Infection - A Cross Sectional Pan-India Survey Study
Authors: Jaiswal Rahul Suresh , Kanathila Hema , Patil Anandkumar G.
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUND Healthcare worker’s adherence to prevent the spread is related directly to their knowledge and attitude towards practices. Postgraduates (PG’s) are expected to be at high risk of infection due to their exposure to saliva, blood, and aerosol / droplet production during dental procedures. We wanted to assess knowledge, attitude and practice of Indian dental postgraduate students to prevent the spread of novel coronavirus (Covid-19). METHODS The comprehensive cross-sectional survey questionnaire study was designed. The survey was conducted in the lockdown period (May 2020) among the Indian dental postgraduate students. A total of 1560 postgraduates made up the sample of study. The survey questionnaire was divided into four parts as demographic details, knowledge (9), attitude (7), and practice (5). The institutional ethical committee approved the study. The obtained data were transferred to the SPSS 13.01 program to draw the result. RESULTS Among the total participants (N = 1570), 64.81 % were women, 20 % of the total postgraduate students were not working in college. When the subjects were questioned regarding knowledge of Covid-19, female postgraduates compared to male, non working postgraduates, working postgraduate students of central zone and other zones showed higher knowledge. Also, while assessing the attitude and preventive measures taken by postgraduates, statistically significant difference was obtained irrespective of knowledge. CONCLUSIONS Dental postgraduate students did not have sufficient knowledge about the present critical situation. It is necessary that they should update their knowledge by pursuing educational courses regarding Covid-19 and by improving the standard of selfprotection. KEY WORDS Coronavirus 19, Dental Postgraduate, Knowledge, Attitude, Practice, Survey