bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Wavelet Energy and Wavelet Coherence as EEG Biomarkers for the Diagnosis of Parkinson’s Disease-Related Dementia and Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Jeong Dong-Hwa , Kim Young-Do , Song In-Uk , Chung Yong-An , Jeong Jaeseung
Published: December 2015

Parkinson’s disease (PD) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) can coexist in severely affected; elderly patients. Since they have different pathological causes and lesions and consequently require different treatments; it is critical to distinguish PD-related dementia (PD-D) from AD. Conventional electroencephalograph (EEG) analysis has produced poor results. This study investigated the possibility of using relative wavelet energy (RWE) and wavelet coherence (WC) analysis to distinguish between PD-D patients; AD patients and healthy elderly subjects. In EEG signals; we found that low-frequency wavelet energy increased and high-frequency wavelet energy decreased in PD-D patients and AD patients relative to healthy subjects. This result suggests that cognitive decline in both diseases is potentially related to slow EEG activity; which is consistent with previous studies. More importantly; WC values were lower in AD patients and higher in PD-D patients compared with healthy subjects. In particular; AD patients exhibited decreased WC primarily in the γ band and in links related to frontal regions; while PD-D patients exhibited increased WC primarily in the α and β bands and in temporo-parietal links. Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) of RWE produced a maximum accuracy of 79.18% for diagnosing PD-D and 81.25% for diagnosing AD. The discriminant accuracy was 73.40% with 78.78% sensitivity and 69.47% specificity. In distinguishing between the two diseases; the maximum performance of LDA using WC was 80.19%. We suggest that using a wavelet approach to evaluate EEG results may facilitate discrimination between PD-D and AD. In particular; RWE is useful for differentiating individuals with and without dementia and WC is useful for differentiating between PD-D and AD.
Improvement of the k-nn Entropy Estimator with Applications in Systems Biology
Authors: Charzyńska Agata , Gambin Anna
Published: December 2015

In this paper, we investigate efficient estimation of differential entropy for multivariate random variables. We propose bias correction for the nearest neighbor estimator, which yields more accurate results in higher dimensions. In order to demonstrate the accuracy of the improvement, we calculated the corrected estimator for several families of random variables. For multivariate distributions, we considered the case of independent marginals and the dependence structure between the marginal distributions described by Gaussian copula. The presented solution may be particularly useful for high dimensional data, like those analyzed in the systems biology field. To illustrate such an application, we exploit differential entropy to define the robustness of biochemical kinetic models.
Improved Schmidt Conversion of Aldehydes to Nitriles Using Azidotrimethylsilane in 1,1,1,3,3,3-Hexafluoro-2-propanol
Authors: Motiwala Hashim , Yin Qin , Aubé Jeffrey
Published: December 2015

The Schmidt reaction of aromatic aldehydes using a substoichiometric amount (40 mol %) of triflic acid is described. Low catalyst loading was enabled by a strong hydrogen-bond-donating solvent hexafluoro-2-propanol (HFIP). This improved protocol tolerates a broad scope of aldehydes with diverse functional groups and the corresponding nitriles were obtained in good to high yields without the need for aqueous work up.
Pitch Height vs. Contour in Tonal Perception in Fuzhou
Authors: Donohue Cathryn
Published: December 2015

n/a
Multidirectional Vowel Harmony in Esimbi
Authors: Kalinowski Cristin
Published: December 2015

n/a
A Modal Approach to Open Questions
Authors: Urban Jasmin
Published: December 2015

n/a
NPIs Pragmatically
Authors: Herberger Elana , Mauck Simon
Published: December 2015

n/a
A compositional account of the eventive/stative ambiguity of German causal von-modifiers
Authors: Maienborn Claudia , Herdtfelder Johanna
Published: December 2015

The paper develops a compositional semantics of German causal von-modifiers that derives eventive and stative readings of causal von from a single lexical entry and allows for coercive adaptions to account for the observed range of interpretive adjustments. Characteristic features of the interpretation such as the inferential behavior of causal von-modifiers and the holistic effect of the stative reading are explained as following from independently motivated con­ceptual assumptions concerning the spatiotemporal grounding of causation.
The -ing dynasty: Rebuilding the semantics of nominalizations
Authors: Grimm Scott , McNally Louise
Published: December 2015

The nature of -ing nominals has been widely debated since the early days of generative grammar (e.g. Lees 1960, Chomsky 1970), and at least since Vendler (1967), -ing forms also have played a central role in debates over natural language ontology for abstract objects. This paper attempts to simplify the ontology and account for the uses and interpretations a wide range of -ing forms using only a distinction between event types and event tokens. A core insight will be that the different constructions reflect different paths by which the -ing form may come to have type or token reference. A central contrast present among these different paths involves whether the event types/tokens are individuated through nominal morphology or through temporal anchoring.
Informative counterfactuals
Authors: Snider Todd , Bjorndahl Adam
Published: December 2015

A single counterfactual conditional can have a multitude of interpretations that differ, intuitively, in the connection between antecedent and consequent. Using structural equation models (SEMs) to represent event dependencies, we illustrate various types of explanation compatible with a given counterfactual. We then formalize in the SEM framework the notion of an acceptable explanation, identifying the class of event dependencies compatible with a given counterfactual. Finally, by incorporating SEMs into possible worlds, we provide an update semantics with the enriched structure necessary for the evaluation of counterfactual conditionals.
DUST AND GAS IN THE DISK OF HL TAURI: SURFACE DENSITY, DUST SETTLING, AND DUST-TO-GAS RATIO
Authors: Pinte C. , Dent W. R. F. , Ménard F. , Hales A. , Hill T. , Cortes P. , Gregorio-Monsalvo I. de
Published: December 2015

The recent ALMA observations of the disk surrounding HL Tau reveal a very complex dust spatial distribution. We present a radiative transfer model accounting for the observed gaps and bright rings as well as radial changes of the emissivity index. We find that the dust density is depleted by at least a factor of 10 in the main gaps compared to the surrounding rings. Ring masses range from 10–100 M
⊕ in dust, and we find that each of the deepest gaps is consistent with the removal of up to 40 M
⊕ of dust. If this material has accumulated into rocky bodies, these would be close to the point of runaway gas accretion. Our model indicates that the outermost ring is depleted in millimeter grains compared to the central rings. This suggests faster grain growth in the central regions and/or radial migration of the larger grains. The morphology of the gaps observed by ALMA—well separated and showing a high degree of contrast with the bright rings over all azimuths—indicates that the millimeter dust disk is geometrically thin (scale height ≈1 AU at 100 AU) and that a large amount of settling of large grains has already occurred. Assuming a standard dust settling model, we find that the observations are consistent with a turbulent viscosity coefficient of a few 10−4. We estimate the gas/dust ratio in this thin layer to be of the order of 5 if the initial ratio is 100. The HCO+ and CO emission is consistent with gas in Keplerian motion around a 1.7 M
⊙ star at radii from ≤10–120 AU.
LIGHT-CURVE ANALYSIS OF NEON NOVAE
Authors: Hachisu Izumi , Kato Mariko
Published: December 2015

We analyzed light curves of five neon novae, QU Vul, V351 Pup, V382 Vel, V693 CrA, and V1974 Cyg, and determined their white dwarf (WD) masses and distance moduli on the basis of theoretical light curves composed of free–free and photospheric emission. For QU Vul, we obtained a distance of d ∼ 2.4 kpc, reddening of E(B − V) ∼ 0.55, and WD mass of M
WD = 0.82–

. This suggests that an oxygen–neon WD lost a mass of more than

since its birth. For V351 Pup, we obtained

,

, and

–

. For V382 Vel, we obtained

,

, and

–

. For V693 CrA, we obtained

,

, and

–

. For V1974 Cyg, we obtained

,

, and

–

. For comparison, we added the carbon–oxygen nova V1668 Cyg to our analysis and obtained

,

, and

–

. In QU Vul, photospheric emission contributes 0.4–0.8 mag at most to the optical light curve compared with free–free emission only. In V351 Pup and V1974 Cyg, photospheric emission contributes very little (0.2–0.4 mag at most) to the optical light curve. In V382 Vel and V693 CrA, free–free emission dominates the continuum spectra, and photospheric emission does not contribute to the optical magnitudes. We also discuss the maximum magnitude versus rate of decline relation for these novae based on the universal decline law.
IS THE SMALL-SCALE MAGNETIC FIELD CORRELATED WITH THE DYNAMO CYCLE?
Authors: Karak Bidya Binay , Brandenburg Axel
Published: December 2015

The small-scale magnetic field is ubiquitous at the solar surface—even at high latitudes. From observations we know that this field is uncorrelated (or perhaps even weakly anticorrelated) with the global sunspot cycle. Our aim is to explore the origin, and particularly the cycle dependence, of such a phenomenon using three-dimensional dynamo simulations. We adopt a simple model of a turbulent dynamo in a shearing box driven by helically forced turbulence. Depending on the dynamo parameters, large-scale (global) and small-scale (local) dynamos can be excited independently in this model. Based on simulations in different parameter regimes, we find that, when only the large-scale dynamo is operating in the system, the small-scale magnetic field generated through shredding and tangling of the large-scale magnetic field is positively correlated with the global magnetic cycle. However, when both dynamos are operating, the small-scale field is produced from both the small-scale dynamo and the tangling of the large-scale field. In this situation, when the large-scale field is weaker than the equipartition value of the turbulence, the small-scale field is almost uncorrelated with the large-scale magnetic cycle. On the other hand, when the large-scale field is stronger than the equipartition value, we observe an anticorrelation between the small-scale field and the large-scale magnetic cycle. This anticorrelation can be interpreted as a suppression of the small-scale dynamo. Based on our studies we conclude that the observed small-scale magnetic field in the Sun is generated by the combined mechanisms of a small-scale dynamo and tangling of the large-scale field.
STUDYING THE INTERSTELLAR MEDIUM AND THE INNER REGION OF NPS/LOOP 1 WITH SHADOW OBSERVATIONS TOWARD MBM36
Authors: Ursino E. , Galeazzi M. , Liu W.
Published: December 2015

We analyzed data from a shadow observation of the high density molecular cloud MBM36 (l ∼ 4°, b ∼ 35°) with Suzaku. MBM36 is located in a region that emits relatively weakly in the 3/4 keV band compared to the surrounding North Polar Spur (NPS)/Loop 1 structure and the Galactic Bulge (GB). The contrast between high and low density targets in the MBM36 area allows one to separate the local and distant contributors to the soft diffuse X-ray background, providing a much better characterization of the individual components compared to single pointing observations. We identify two non-local thermal components, one at kT ≈ 0.12 keV and one at kT ≈ 0.29 keV. The colder component matches well with models of emission from the higher latitude region of the GB. The emission of the warmer component is in agreement with models predicting that the NPS is due to a hypershell from the center of the Milky Way. Geometrical and pressure calculations rule out a nearby bubble as responsible for the emission associated with the NPS. Any Galactic Halo/circumgalactic halo emission, if present, is outshined by the other components. We also report an excess emission around 0.9 keV, likely due to an overabundance of Ne ix.
WHAT CAN THE ALIGNMENTS OF THE VELOCITY MOMENTS TELL US ABOUT THE NATURE OF THE POTENTIAL?
Authors: An J. , Evans N. W.
Published: December 2015

We prove that, if the time-independent distribution function

of a steady-state stellar system is symmetric under velocity inversion such that

and the same is true for v
2 and v
3, where

is the velocity component projected onto an orthogonal frame, then the potential within which the system is in equilibrium must be separable (i.e., the Stäckel potential). Furthermore, we find that the Jeans equations imply that, if all mixed second moments of the velocity vanish; that is,

for any

, in some Stäckel coordinate system and the only non-vanishing fourth moments in the same coordinate are those in the form of

or

, then the potential must be separable in the same coordinates. Finally we also show that all second and fourth velocity moments of tracers with an odd power to the radial component v

r
being zero is a sufficient condition to guarantee the potential to be of the form

.
Mentalisation maternelle et développement somatique du bébé, une étude comparative au Rorschach
Authors: Belot Rose-Angélique , de Tychey Claude
Published: December 2015

Dans cet article, les auteurs présentent une recherche originale portant sur l’appréciation de la mentalisation auprès de deux populations de mères, dont les bébés et leur famille sont appariés (sexe et âge du bébé, rang dans la fratrie, primiparité ou non, catégorie socio-professionnelle des parents). Les expériences de la grossesse, de la naissance, de l’accueil du bébé, sollicitent particulièrement la mère, tant au plan physique que psychique. En outre, elle doit parer à l’immaturité de son bébé les premiers mois et doit afficher une capacité à exercer une certaine fonction contenante. Dans ce contexte, ses capacités de mentalisation sont particulièrement mobilisées. Dans le premier groupe de mères (groupe clinique), les bébés sont âgés de 1 à 4 mois et présentent une expression somatique (sommeil, alimentation, digestion, respiration, peau). Cette population a été appariée à 13 autres mères dont les bébés sont en bonne santé somatopsychique (groupe témoin). L’épreuve de Rorschach a été proposée aux mères, afin d’évaluer leurs capacités de mentalisation. Les résultats montrent globalement un écart en ce qui concerne la mentalisation, en faveur du groupe témoin. Les auteurs illustrent leurs résultats par l’analyse approfondie et comparative de deux cas reflétant, pour l’un, un niveau faible et, pour l’autre, un niveau élevé de mentalisation.
L’élaboration d’un collectif de travail : un défi pour des professionnels confrontés aux enfants mineurs auteurs d’abus sexuels
Authors: Minary Jean-Pierre , Ansel Dominique , Bourg Christian , Boutanquoi Michel , Parra Frédéric , Mariage André
Published: December 2015

Les auteurs cherchent à mettre au jour les phases par lesquelles s’est constitué un collectif de travail réunissant des professionnels situés à des places différentes (service de pédo-psychiatrie, protection judiciaire de la jeunesse, magistrature), dans l’accompagnement des jeunes auteurs de violences sexuelles. Au départ, la coordination des activités entre magistrats, éducateurs justice et soignants, éducateurs justice et magistrats s’effectuait avec prudence, voire avec réticence et méfiance. Sont précisées la dynamique de construction du partenariat, les principales difficultés rencontrées, ainsi que les ressources et voies de dégagement mises progressivement en œuvre.
Apparenter la pensée ?
Authors: Fisler Marie , Crémière Cédric , Lecointre Guillaume
Published: December 2015

La métaphore de l’« arbre » est utilisée dans la littérature scientifique de manière peu précise. L’arbre incite à penser une racine, des bourgeonnements, et renvoie presque automatiquement à la généalogie. De même, à partir d’elle, les usages de la notion de « phylogénie » ne sont pas très calibrés. Après avoir passé en revue divers types d’arbres et le contexte de leur utilisation (mathématique, théorique, empirique, synthétique), nous préciserons ce qu’on appelle une phylogénie. Ces précisions apportées permettent de rappeler comment se construisent les graphes dont le rôle est de mettre en cohérence des partages d’attributs entre entités à classer. Ces graphes ne sont pas nécessairement généalogiques. On peut s’en servir dès qu’on a de bonnes raisons de produire des catégories emboîtées d’entités dont on veut mesurer la cohérence globale. Ces entités peuvent être des concepts savants. À titre d’exemple, ce travail est fait sur l’histoire de la métaphore de l’arbre (du vivant) en sciences naturelles, laquelle devient progressivement un concept scientifique. Ce travail permet de catégoriser plus précisément les « arbres du vivant » produits par différents penseurs. Enfin, de manière ultime, on peut utiliser les graphes produits pas seulement pour la catégorisation, mais aussi pour représenter la phylogénie des concepts savants – si nous avons de bonnes raisons théoriques pour le faire, c’est-à-dire en s’autorisant à penser une filiation avec modification des concepts savants.
Apparenter la pensée ?
Authors: Lechevrel Nadège
Published: December 2015

Le nombre d’articles en ligne dans le domaine de l’évolution du langage a augmenté de façon spectaculaire depuis les années 2000 au point qu’il est devenu parfois difficile de traiter cette littérature manuellement. Nous proposons de construire un corpus de publications (du domaine) extraites de bases de données internet et de l’examiner quantitativement à l’aide du logiciel de statistique TXM développé par une équipe de Lyon. Nous utilisons l’étude quantitative des formes de ce corpus dans le but de sérier automatiquement un grand nombre de publications traitant d’évolution des langues et du langage, et d’extraire des informations pertinentes (de nature thématique, lexicale ; par auteurs ou groupes d’auteurs, etc.) pour l’étude des liens entre sciences naturelles et sciences du langage au XXI e siècle.
Apparenter la pensée ?
Authors: Riboli-Sasco Livio
Published: December 2015

Depuis plus d’un demi-siècle, la biologie étudie le vivant comme un système dont le fonctionnement produit, utilise, modifie ou transmet des informations. La recherche scientifique fonctionne avec des faits, des savoirs, des théories qui s’apparentent également à des informations. Sans présupposer une équivalence parfaite des informations biologiques et scientifiques, nous proposons des analogies relatives à la façon dont les dynamiques qui affectent ces objets peuvent être étudiées. Par analogie avec des cadres conceptuels conçus pour l’analyse des dynamiques de gestion de l’information biologique, nous proposons un cadre conceptuel pour l’étude des savoirs et pratiques scientifiques. Ce travail permet de s’écarter d’une focalisation sur le sens des informations tant biologiques que scientifiques pour interroger le rôle des processus de gestion de l’information. Nous montrons en quoi cette clarification permet, en biologie, de mieux appréhender les transitions majeures de l’évolution et suggérons une articulation similaire pour certaines transformations de la pratique de recherche (informatisation, big data, citizen science, fablab, etc.). Nous prolongeons notre démarche en évoquant la pertinence d’une transposition de la théorie biologique de l’hérédité étendue pour l’étude de la transmission des informations scientifiques au fil des générations de chercheurs, via la publication ou l’enseignement.
Prédication seconde et (non-)marquage de la liaison
Authors: Pierrard Michel , Havu Eva
Published: December 2015

L'objectif de cette contribution est d'affiner l'appréhension de la notion de marquage dans un contexte de « liaison » de prédications et d'examiner les possibilités de lier deux prédications sans signaler l'opération par la présence d'un mot spécifique. La réflexion sera basée sur le fonctionnement de divers types de prédication seconde dans lesquelles la liaison de prédications peut se réaliser sous des configurations syntaxiques diverses et où il est possible de relever des occurrences aux caractéristiques fort différentes du point de vue de la liaison de prédications et de leur marquage. L'exploitation de quatre variables iconiques de connexion (Givón 1990, 1995) permettra de déterminer des degrés différents de marquage de la jonction entre prédications, ce qui nous amènera à dépasser l'équation simpliste marquage du lien  = présence d'un marqueur .
Le travail sur les représentations des lignées paternelle et maternelle lors de l’accès à la paternité. Recherche exploratoire
Authors: Senécal Isabelle , Garon Roseline , Saucier Jean-François
Published: December 2015

Bien qu’il soit reconnu que les pères jouent un rôle important dès la grossesse et que l’état d’esprit des pères influence leur manière d’exercer leur rôle, il existe peu d’études sur le processus psychique de la paternalisation. Notre recherche apporte un éclairage sur ce thème par l’étude des changements dans les représentations qu’ont les hommes de leur père, de leur mère, de leur conjointe et d’eux-mêmes à cette période. Les données ont été recueillies via quatre entretiens auprès de sept hommes entre le sixième mois pré-partum et le cinquième mois post-partum. Les données ont fait l’objet d’une analyse de contenu semi-automatisée. Les résultats suggèrent que le travail psychique de la paternalisation se décline en différentes strates. Nous avons obtenu deux séries de résultats laissant supposer deux types de travaux psychiques : l’un est organisé selon une logique générationnelle et l’autre selon la logique des lignées maternelle et paternelle des représentations.
Une sanitarisation du pénal ?
Authors: Mahi Lara
Published: December 2015

Cet article interroge l’intégration d’une approche sanitaire dans les décisions judiciaires à travers l’analyse des procédés par lesquels justiciables, magistrats et avocats mobilisent des événements de santé au cours de procès pénaux. À partir d’observations conduites pendant un an dans les trois sections d’une chambre de comparution immédiate et de la constitution d’une base de données issue de ces observations (n = 290), nous montrons que la maladie est un registre d’exploration pour les magistrats qui, poursuivant une logique d’individualisation de la peine, incitent les justiciables à révéler un « problème de santé ». Ceux qui révèlent être malades sont ensuite systématiquement questionnés sur leur engagement dans une prise en charge médicale. Les analyses de régression font apparaître que cette dernière détermine fortement la sanction pénale. Les justiciables engagés dans une démarche de soins sont « protégés » de la prison tandis que ceux qui ne se soignent pas y sont plus souvent directement conduits à l’issue de leur procès. Ces résultats et l’analyse des procédés argumentatifs par lesquels ces « problèmes de santé » sont mobilisés au cours des débats d’audience mettent en évidence les attentes à partir desquelles les juges construisent leurs décisions, qui prennent la forme de trois impératifs normatifs pesant sur l’ensemble des justiciables et conduisant à une surincarcération des plus désaffiliés d’entre eux, parmi lesquels les malades qui ne se soignent pas.
Teaching and Learning Requirements Engineering Based on Mobile Devices and Cloud
Authors: Moreira Fernando , Ferreira Maria João
Published: December 2015

Organizations have suffered a large (r)evolution at social, economic and technological levels. The increasing number of mobile devices on day-to-day of the general population and particularly among youth people, leads to the emergence of new paradigms in several areas of activity, particularly in education. As an example of a new paradigm in teaching and learning process, mobile learning supported by cloud environments and Bloom's taxonomy could be appointed. In this paper and in the context of a course of 1st cycle, following the guidelines of courses in Information Systems provided by ACM / AIS, it is proposed the use of Google tools, aligned with Bloom's taxonomy, the model Blended Mobile Learning-Context Oriented in a Requirements Engineering course.
The Importance of Virtual Learning Environments in Higher Education
Authors: Alves Paulo , Miranda Luisa , Morais Carlos
Published: December 2015

This chapter focuses on the concept of virtual learning environment (VLE), its characteristics and potentialities. We present the results of a research work conducted with a sample of 347 undergraduates from a Portuguese public higher education institution. The research addressed the issue regarding the use of virtual learning environments within the higher education context and had the following aims: identify the VLE access frequency; assess the influence of users' computer skills on the VLE access frequency; and assess the importance and impact that students consider the VLE to have on supporting the course units they attend. In the light of the results obtained and considering the VLE used in the sample institution, we highlight that the majority of students accesses the VLE on a daily basis, no significant differences were found regarding VLE access according to users' computer skills, and the most valued aspects of the VLE were: checking exam results and receiving teachers' messages or notices.
Learning Goes Mobile
Authors: Rodríguez Ana Iglesias , Riaza Blanca García
Published: December 2015

Nowadays, mobile learning allows the use of mobile devices in teaching and learning practices of almost any subject or topic of interest. In this chapter, we describe a research carried out to get data about the use that university students make of mobile devices and apps for learning purposes, as most of them use mobile phones and tablets as communication and entertainment tools, but don't get benefit from these devices as educational resources, either due to lack of knowledge or to the scarce information about the pedagogical uses of these devices. The methodology followed is based on an analysis of the results obtained from questionnaires implemented to students. From the data collected, we draw a number of conclusions relevant not only to the successful development research studies like this, but also for the implementation of teaching initiatives including mobile devices and applications for improving learning processes in general.
Overview of Predictive Modeling Approaches in Health Care Data Mining
Authors: Soni Sunita
Published: December 2015

Medical data mining has great potential for exploring the hidden pattern in the data sets of the medical domain. A predictive modeling approach of Data Mining has been systematically applied for the prognosis, diagnosis, and planning for treatment of chronic disease. For example, a classification system can assist the physician to predict if the patient is likely to have a certain disease, or by considering the output of the classification model, the physician can make a better decision on the treatment to be applied to the patient. Once the model is evaluated and verified, it may be embedded within clinical information systems. The objective of this chapter is to extensively study the various predictive data mining methods to evaluate their usage in terms of accuracy, computational time, comprehensibility of the results, ease of use of the algorithm, and advantages and disadvantages to relatively naive medical users. The research has shown that there is not a single best prediction tool, but instead, the best performing algorithm will depend on the features of the dataset to be analyzed.
We Have Good Information for You
Authors: Côgo Filipe Roseiro , Pereira Roberto
Published: December 2015

Through the concept of Cognitive Authority, information relevance and quality have been related to the expertise/skill of those who publish and share information on the Web. This chapter discusses how the concept of cognitive authority can be used in order to improve the information retrieval on folksonomy-based systems. The hypothesis is that a ranking scheme that takes into account the cognitive authority of the information sources provides results of higher relevance and quality to users. To verify this hypothesis, the Folkauthority approach is adopted; a ranking scheme called AuthorityRank is proposed; and an information retrieval system, named AuthoritySearch, is built. A real social network is used to simulate the authority relationship among users, and the AuthorityRank scheme is compared with the tf-idf scheme using the NDCG metric. The results indicate a statistically significant improvement in the quality and relevance of the information obtained through the use of the AuthorityRank scheme.
Business Intelligence, Knowledge Management, and Customer Relationship Management Technological Support in Enterprise Competitive Competence
Authors: Lee Ming-Chang
Published: December 2015

The approach of knowledge management, business intelligence, and customer relationship management was used as theoretical technologies in order to build an intelligence enterprise framework. Since the business intelligence process can create additional customer value through knowledge creation with the customer, business intelligence can provide users with reliable, accurate information and help them make decisions. Customer relationship management focuses on the integration of customer information and knowledge for finding and keeping customers to grow customer lifetime value. Therefore, integrating intelligence enterprise is needed in order to respond to the challenges the modern enterprise has to deal with and represents not only a new trend in IT but also a necessary step in the emerging knowledge-based economy. In intelligent enterprise operations, KM contains business models, processes, competence, implementation, performance assessment, and enterprise in information, organization, and e-commence processes.
Data Mining Models as a Tool for Churn Reduction and Custom Product Development in Telecommunication Industries
Authors: Klepac Goran
Published: December 2015

This chapter represents the business case in the telecommunication company called Veza, in domain of churn prediction and churn mitigation. The churn project was divided into few stages. Due to limited budget and cost optimization, stage one was concentrated on prospective customer value calculation model based on fuzzy expert system. This helps Veza company to find most valuable telecom subscribers. It also helped company to better understand subscriber portfolio structure. Developed fuzzy expert system also helped Veza company in detection of soft churn. Stage two is profiling and customer segmentation based on time series analysis which provided potential predictors for predictive churn model. The central stage was concentrated on developing traditional predictive churn model based on logistic regression. This calculated probability that subscribers will make churn in next few months. The final stage was dedicated to SNA (Social Network Analysis) model development which found out the most valuable customers from the perspective of existing subscriber network. This model gave the answer that subscribers have the greatest influence on other subscribers in a way what is dangerous if they leave Veza company because they will motivate other subscribers to do the same thing. All three stages made complete churn detection/mitigation solution which take into consideration past behaviour of subscribers, their prospective value, and their strength of influence on other subscribers. This project helped Veza company to decrease churn rate and it gave directions for better understanding customer needs and behaviour which were the base for new product development.
A Layered Parameterized Framework for Intelligent Information Retrieval in Dynamic Social Network using Data Mining
Authors: Sonkar Shailendra Kumar , Bhatnagar Vishal , Challa Rama Krishna
Published: December 2015

Dynamic social networks contain vast amounts of data, which is changing continuously. A search in a dynamic social network does not guarantee relevant, filtered, and timely information to the users all the time. There should be some sequential processes to apply some techniques and store the information internally that provides the relevant, filtered, and timely information to the users. In this chapter, the authors categorize the social network users into different age groups and identify the suitable and appropriate parameters, then assign these parameters to the already categorized age groups and propose a layered parameterized framework for intelligent information retrieval in dynamic social network using different techniques of data mining. The primary data mining techniques like clustering group the different groups of social network users based on similarities between key parameter items and by classifying the different classes of social network users based on differences among key parameter items, and it can be association rule mining, which finds the frequent social network users from the available users.
Integrating Business Intelligence Services in the Cloud
Authors: Herwig Volker , Friess Kristof
Published: December 2015

Business Intelligence (BI) solutions are among the popular applications that businesses demand in the Cloud. Although Business Intelligence functionality is already provided in the Cloud, vendors concentrate on providing existing products like Software as a Service, ignoring changing business and provisioning models of software. Business Intelligence functionality provided in the Cloud is lacking important integration features needed by other Cloud-based applications. While a simple upload of the data to be analyzed into a Cloud-based BI solution is already possible and well established, the visualization of the results and the interactive parts of the analysis are always provided inside the Cloud-based BI solution itself. However, as this chapter shows, common usage scenarios of integrated Cloud applications demand an integration of the analysis reports from BI applications into the user interface of other Cloud-based applications. This chapter describes how a fully integrated Cloud-based BI solution can collaborate with other Cloud-based applications. The technical concept illustrated with an example delineates how the required interface can be provided.
A Formative Evaluation of Rendezvous
Authors: Chua Alton Y.K.
Published: December 2015

Web applications that offer entertainment rarely support knowledge sharing. Conversely, applications that are intended for knowledge sharing rarely offer entertainment. The intent of this paper is therefore to propose the coalescence of knowledge sharing and entertainment in a Web application. The objectives of this paper are twofold: (1) to introduce a prototype called Rendezvous, which serves as a platform for both knowledge sharing and entertainment and (2) to conduct a formative evaluation of Rendezvous by soliciting feedback and its appeal for users' intention to adopt. A two-stage data collection plan was used. First, qualitative feedback was obtained from a group of 38 participants through focus groups. Thereafter, a questionnaire was developed and administered to 124 participants to assess users' intention to adopt. On the whole, the behavioral intention to adopt Rendezvous seems promising. Factors that seemed to influence behavioral intention to adopt included perceived utility, perceived enjoyment, perceived ease of use and social influences.
A Fireworks Algorithm for Modern Web Information Retrieval with Visual Results Mining
Authors: Bouarara Hadj Ahmed , Hamou Reda Mohamed , Amine Abdelmalek , Rahmani Amine
Published: December 2015

The popularization of computers, the number of electronic documents available online /offline and the explosion of electronic communication have deeply rocked the relationship between man and information. Nowadays, we are awash in a rising tide of information where the web has impacted on almost every aspect of our life. Merely, the development of automatic tools for an efficient access to this huge amount of digital information appears as a necessity. This paper deals on the unveiling of a new web information retrieval system using fireworks algorithm (FWA-IR). It is based on a random explosion of fireworks and a set of operators (displacement, mapping, mutation, and selection). Each explosion of firework is a potential solution for the need of user (query). It generates a set of sparks (documents) with two locations (relevant and irrelevant). The authors experiments were performed on the MEDLARS dataset and using the validation measures (recall, precision, f-measure, silence, noise and accuracy) by studying the sensitive parameters of this technique (initial location number, iteration number, mutation probability, fitness function, selection method, text representation, and distance measure), aimed to show the benefit derived from using such approach compared to the results of others methods existed in literature (taboo search, simulated annealing, and naïve method). Finally, a result-mining tool was achieved for the purpose to see the outcome in graphical form (3d cub and cobweb) with more realism using the functionalities of zooming and rotation.
Information Retrieval (IR) and Extracting Associative Rules
Authors: Dami Asmae , Fakir Mohamed , Bouikhalene Belaid
Published: December 2015

This chapter is located in the intersection of two research themes, namely: Information Retrieval and Knowledge Discovery from texts (Text mining). The purpose of this paper is two-fold: first, it focuses on Information Retrieval (IR) whose purpose is to implement a set of models and systems for selecting a set of documents satisfying user needs in terms of information expressed as a query. An information retrieval system is composed mainly of two processes the representation and retrieval process. The process of representation is called indexing, which allows representation of documents and queries by descriptors, or indexes. These descriptors reflect the contents of documents. The retrieval process consists on the comparison between documents representations and query representation. The second aim of this paper is to discover the relationships between terms (keywords) descriptors of documents in a document database. The correlations (relationships) between terms are extracted by using a technique of the Text mining, mainly association rules.
A Tool for GIS Based Risk Analysis for Transportation of Dangerous Goods on Road (the RAGISADR)
Authors: Karabulut Serhan , Ocalir-Akunal Ebru V.
Published: December 2015

In this study, an environmental risk analysis model is developed as a decision support system (the RAGISADR) in order to assess environmental risks for transportation of dangerous goods. Transport of dangerous goods needs to be regulated to prevent accidents. Moving dangerous goods by road is governed by international regulations. GIS are used to quantify the factors on each link in the network that contribute to each of the evaluation criteria for a possible route. The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is used to assign weights to factors. The priority weights of each environmental criteria is calculated by using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) before risk models are implemented in the road network of Izmir-Manisa-Aydin-Mugla-Denizli (Aegean Region of Turkey). The most convenient route according to the criteria set is determined. The results give decision maker the possibility to choose the best alternative among possible routes according to certain criteria.
A Case Study of a Knowledge-Sharing Web-Based Platform for Energy Education
Authors: Chang Mei-Chen , Chu Yao-Ming
Published: December 2015

This study presented the implementation and development of a knowledge-sharing web-based platform for energy education, called “Energy Magician”. The web-based platform was designed for the students who participating in “Energy Saving and CO2 Reduction Innovation Contest” to share their experience and ideas of energy saving. The researchers applied a web-based survey to explore how the participants with different personal characteristics value the key factors of functional mechanism design, reward system, and knowledge sharing of the platform. The research found that the participants valued differently the various key factors such as the reward system, the platform's functional mechanisms, and sustained knowledge sharing. Participants in different groups with different background, such as prior experience in using the platform, usage duration, and degree of participation, valued the platform's reward system differently, Moreover, participants in different groups ordered the importance of the platform's functional mechanisms in distinct ways. As for the key factor of sustained knowledge sharing, the participants with prior experience in web-based knowledge sharing tended to emphasize the “fostering of the ability in data compilation”; elementary school students tended to emphasize “level titles and privileges” and “cash and prize rewards” while contestants with high degrees of participation tended to emphasize the “joy in knowledge sharing”, “joy in taking part in the contest”, and “level titles and privileges”. When building similar platforms in the future, it is recommended that the design should be differentiated in terms of the reward systems and platform functions and be tailored to the participants' characteristics, so as to maximize their effective use.
From Project's Information Management to Project-Based Organizational Learning
Authors: Almeida Maria , Soares António Lucas
Published: December 2015

Project-based organizations have characteristics that raise additional barriers to information management, knowledge sharing, and to organizational learning. The main causes of this are inadequate information architectures and governance, poor collaborative culture, and lack of organization-wide information management strategies. This chapter presents a comprehensive basis to understand the information and knowledge-sharing practices in PBO, as well as the methods and tools that information professionals and project managers should have in mind when performing their tasks. For that, literatures are reviewed focusing on the explanation of the processes of knowledge creation and sharing leading to organizational learning. The main conclusion is that a knowledge-sharing strategy in a PBO should include a set of mechanisms that address a customized mix of the codification and personalization dimensions and that strategies for collaborative information management should be used as enablers for embedding knowledge sharing within the organizational practices and culture.
Assessing the Usefulness of Testing for Validating and Correcting Security Risk Models Based on Two Industrial Case Studies
Authors: Erdogan Gencer , Seehusen Fredrik , Stølen Ketil , Hofstad Jon , Aagedal Jan Øyvind
Published: December 2015

The authors present the results of an evaluation in which the objective was to assess how useful testing is for validating and correcting security risk models. The evaluation is based on two industrial case studies. In the first case study the authors analyzed a multilingual financial Web application, while in the second case study they analyzed a mobile financial application. In both case studies, the testing yielded new information which was not found in the risk assessment phase. In particular, in the first case study, new vulnerabilities were found which resulted in an update of the likelihood values of threat scenarios and risks in the risk model. New vulnerabilities were also identified and added to the risk model in the second case study. These updates led to more accurate risk models, which indicate that the testing was indeed useful for validating and correcting the risk models.
Recognising Influences on Attitudes to Knowledge Sharing in a Research Establishment
Authors: Hart Penny
Published: December 2015

Knowledge sharing in organizations is influenced by several interconnecting factors, but there is little written on the individual perspective of those involved in sharing. An interpretivist, action research methodology was used to help members of a research organization determine what knowledge means for them and the knowledge sharing issues they face. Their shared Appreciations were that although they believed “knowledge-as-practice” was an essential aspect of their work, it was undervalued by the organization's clients and fund-holders, causing difficulties for the maintenance of knowledge capability, and influencing organizational subcultures. These included a “you should know” subculture and a risk-averse subculture, where staff perceive that there is a tendency to assign blame rather than to accept and learn from errors. An officially mandated culture of knowledge sharing is subverted by these subcultures, affecting individuals' motivation to share their tacit knowledge, their self-efficacy and consequent sharing behaviours.
A Proposal to Study of Cross Language Information Retrieval (CLIR) System Users' Information Seeking Behavior
Authors: Ha YooJin
Published: December 2015

There has been an enormous increase for information written in different languages by users from various backgrounds and disciplines. This chapter proposes a research design to examine multilingual information users' information behaviors when using a Cross Language Information Retrieval (CLIR) system. Development of a true CLIR is absolutely necessary so that the system would allow users to access information written in the user's languages of choice. Kuhlthau's Information Search Process (ISP) model was borrowed as a theoretical framework. Of particular concern are those users who want information represented by a language different than the users' original query or for those users who would like to retrieve additional information written in a second and/or third language or in a language which cannot be understood by them. This research is expected to yield a revised or new ISP model applicable to CLIR environments. It is expected that this study will also increase our understanding of CLIR users. The expected CLIR users include many of non-English speakers, especially users in developing countries who need this kind of CLIR system due to lack of materials in their own language. It is possible that the results of this research could inform CLIR system designers. The chapter is composed of purpose of study, literature review, theory, research questions, methodology, and discussion section. In the literature review section, pertinent research studies from information seeking behavior, cross language information retrieval, and general relevance studies are presented. Kuhlthau's ISP model is introduced in detail in the theory section. A possible application of Kuhlthau's ISP Model to the CLIR environment is presented in a table format. Research questions are developed from the literature reviews and Kuhlthau's model. Each research question, premises/assumptions, and its correspondent methodology are proposed in the methodology section. Limitations are discussed in the discussion section.