bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
МОВНІ ЗАСОБИ ВЕРБАЛІЗАЦІЇ ОЦІНКИ В СУЧАСНІЙ ВОЄННІЙ ПОЕЗІЇ (НА МАТЕРІАЛІ ТВОРІВ ПОЕТІВ-АМАТОРІВ)
Authors: Гнатишева Ольга Олександрівна
Published: December 2024

У статті схарактеризовано особливості вербалізації категорії оцінки в сучасній воєнній поезії 2022–2024 років. Окреслено основні мотиви написання творів авторами-аматорами та роль цих творів у відображенні мовної картини світу українських громадян. Звернено увагу на те, які засоби вираження оцінності використовуються для опису резонансних подій сучасної Великої війни. Закцентовано увагу на різноманітті негативнооцінної лексики, яка найчастіше фігурує в оцінному полі поезій, а також на процеси зміни полюсів оцінки деяких лексем. Продемонстрована роль топонімів та їх перехід у новітні символеми. Проаналізований у статті мовний матеріал включає аматорську поезію, присвячену трьом резонансним подіям сучасності: блокаді «Азовсталі», воєнним злочинам в окупованих містах Київщини та руйнуванню Каховської дамби. Приділено увагу різноманіттю негативнооцінної лексики, яка найчастіше з’являється в оцінному полі поезії для експлікації трагедії, такій як принизливі слова на адресу ворожих солдатів, описи знищених сіл тощо. Також проілюстровані процеси зміни оцінних полюсів деяких нейтральних лексем на негативні (наприклад, група слів зі значенням «вода» для опису наслідків повені). Продемонстровані також способи вираження позитивних конотацій, які у поезії авторів-аматорів зазвичай пов’язуються з українськими захисниками: міфологічні та історичні порівняння, біблійні терміни (Бог, янгол) тощо. Роль топонімів і перехід їх у нові, символічні значення, демонструється на прикладі топоніма «Буча», який став асоціюватися із закатованими мирними жителями, а відтак став синонімом людських страждань в цілому. Майбутня перспектива дослідження матеріалу, який представлений у статті, полягає в більш поглибленому вивченні оцінних засобів, що використовуються у поезіях для опису подій сучасної війни.
КОМУНІКАТИВНО-ПРАГМАТИЧНИЙ АСПЕКТ ФУНКЦІОНУВАННЯ ДІЄСЛІВ У ТЕКСТІ АНГЛОМОВНОЇ ТУРИСТИЧНОЇ РЕКЛАМИ ГОТЕЛЬНОГО БІЗНЕСУ
Authors: Куспісь Наталія Богданівна
Published: December 2024

Статтю присвячено лінгвістичному дослідженню англомовних рекламних текстів. У статті детально аналізуються різні форми дієслів з погляду комунікативно-прагматичного підходу. Зокрема у статті розглянуто питання комунікативно-прагматичного підходу та еволюцію його функціонування в тексті різними лінгвістами. Також автором зазначено ключові особливості функціонування дієслів у рекламному тексті. Актуальність теми дослідження полягає в тому, щоб виявити та продемонструвати основні тенденції застосування різноманітних дієслівних форм у англомовних рекламних текстах, які дотепер залишаються дослідженими неповною мірою та перебувають у постійному центрі уваги мовознавців, а також виділити з-поміж них найбільш застосовувані. У статті доведено, що застосування різноманітних дієслівних форм збагачує рекламний текст високим ступенем експресивності, допомагає рекламодавцям яскраво виділити та наголосити на основних перевагах готелю, що рекламується, і тим самим запам’ятатись. Крім того, в статті зазначено, що основним завданням дієслів у рекламному тексті є втілення конкретної комунікативної мети. У тексті детально розглядаються такі дієслівні форми: наказові дієслова, дієслівні форми теперішнього та майбутнього часу, фразові дієслова та модальні дієслова. У процесі аналізу нами виявлено застосування дієслів наказового способу в дев’ятнадцяти рекламних текстах, дієслів у формах теперішнього та майбутнього часу у восьми рекламних текстах, фразових дієслів у шести рекламних текстах та модальних дієслів у п’яти рекламних текстах. Виявлено також, що найбільш використовуваними дієслівними формами в тексті реклами є дієслова наказового способу. Отже, від влучного поєднання дієслівних форм у рекламних текстах значною мірою залежить ефективність сприйняття реклами реципієнтом, його бажання зупинитись в готелі та скористатися конкретним видом готельних послуг.
An Investigation of the Factors Contributing to the Subjugation of Rohingya in Myanmar
Authors: Sayeda Farjana Farabi  , Mani Prabha
Published: December 2024

The severity and pervasiveness of the Rohingya problem in Myanmar have attracted international attention. This research investigates whether, in light of international legal and sociopolitical frameworks, the actions taken against the Rohingya community qualify as genocide, ethnic cleansing, or mass murder. It examines evidence of systemic violence, such as forced relocation, sexual assault, and mass executions, by analyzing reports from groups like the UN and Amnesty International. In order to ascertain if the requirements for genocidal intent are satisfied, the study assesses the legal definitions of these terms, paying special attention to the Genocide Convention. Important conclusions point to the existence of state-sponsored initiatives that target the Rohingya in an effort to eradicate their physical and cultural presence, based on their ethnic and religious identity. Although ethnic cleansing has been universally accepted, this study contends that, given the aim to completely or partially eradicate the group, the activities qualify as genocide. The international community's participation is also closely examined, especially its difficulties in successfully acting and prosecuting offenders. Because it affects international responses and accountability measures, this study highlights the significance of using precise terminology when discussing human rights emergencies. This report urges more robust international legal action to stop future atrocities and guarantee justice for the victims by properly classifying the Rohingya persecution. This analysis adds to the continuing discussion about how mass atrocities are classified and what it means for international law and policy.
The Tort of the Breach of Product Liability Principles: Comparative Study Between Indonesia and South Korea Law
Authors: Ilham Pribadi  , Jessica Aquera  , M. Naufal Shidqii Dhiyaulhaq  , Putri Nurismawati  , Yosef Kresna Budi
Published: December 2024

Product Liability is an important element in consumer protection that requires manufacturers to be responsible for losses incurred due to defective or unsafe products. In Indonesia, consumer protection has been strengthened through Articles 19 and 27 of the Consumer Protection Law (UUPK), which emphasizes the responsibility of producers for damage caused by the goods produced. The scope of product liability is according to Article 1365 of the Indonesian Civil Code (Burgerlijk Wetboek abbreviated as “BW”), which regulates tort. However, the implementation of this law in Indonesia faces several challenges, such as difficulties for consumers in proving producer error and an unequal burden of proof. In comparison, South Korea has developed product liability laws, viz Product Liability Act (PLA), which is more proactive in protecting consumers. In the South Korean legal system, manufacturers are required to compensate for losses incurred with an emphasis on improving product safety. This research aims to analyze and compare the application of product liability in connection with tort in Indonesia and South Korea, as well as to identify steps that can be taken to improve consumer protection in Indonesia through a more effective and fair application of product liability doctrine.
EDUCAÇÃO AMBIENTAL EM ESPAÇOS NÃO-FORMAIS: CONTRIBUIÇÕES PARA A FORMAÇÃO INICIAL DO(A) PROFESSOR(A) DE CIÊNCIAS
Authors: Teixeira Ana Clara , Ustra Sandro Rogério
Published: December 2024

Este artigo contempla a análise de uma experiência de educação ambiental em espaços não-formais, ocorrida em uma Unidade de Conservação. As atividades selecionadas para este momento consistiram em mutirão de limpeza na praia, exposição de produções artísticas, oficinas pedagógicas, elaboração de fichas de herbário local, desenvolvimento de atividades referentes à orientação espacial e geográfica e elaboração de jogo didático da biorregião. A partir de uma abordagem qualitativa e empregando um delineamento metodológico próximo da Análise de Conteúdo, são estabelecidas categorias para compreender as atividades realizadas no âmbito das principais características da educação não-formal. Desta forma, apresenta-se uma reflexão quanto às suas principais contribuições para a formação do(a) professor(a) de Ciências/Biologia.
Disease Segmentation in Purple Sweet Potato Images Using Yolov7
Authors: Khusniyatul latifah  , Aviv Yuniar Rahman  , Istiadi
Published: December 2024

Purple sweet potato is a very important plant in many parts of the world and a major crop in tropical and subtropical climates. Its cultivation can significantly increase production and consumption, and it is beneficial for the nutritional status of people in both rural and urban areas. However, purple sweet potatoes are susceptible to disease outbreaks, which can cause substantial losses to the agricultural industry. To prevent the spread of these diseases and minimize financial losses, it is crucial for farmers to identify purple sweet potato diseases as early as possible. Utilizing deep learning technology to separate areas of purple sweet potatoes marked with disease can effectively address this problem. In this study, researchers employed a segmentation method using the YOLOv7 algorithm. The study's results demonstrated a mean Average Precision (mAP) value of 98.6% from a dataset of 1500 images, divided into two classes: healthy sweet potatoes and diseased sweet potatoes with tuber rot. The mAP value for healthy sweet potatoes was 96.1%, while the mAP for diseased sweet potatoes with tuber rot was 98.6%. The YOLOv7 method, therefore, produces high accuracy values for the segmentation of purple sweet potato diseases. This research significantly contributes to agriculture by enhancing the productivity and quality of sweet potato harvests and can assist farmers in improving the efficiency and sustainability of purple sweet potato production.
CAN ISLAMIC CROWDFUNDING UNLOCK NEW OPPORTUNITIES FOR ISLAMIC BANKING IN MALAYSIA?
Authors: Ishak Muhammad Shahrul Ifwat , Aderemi Abdulmajeed M. R. , Mohammad Nasir Nur Syahirah
Published: December 2024

In recent times, digital crowdfunding has become a popular financial platform for funding thanks to financial technology and globalization through the internet. These platforms have become a viable financing alternative for so-called unbankable groups, including micro and semi-medium enterprises (SMEs). It is argued that crowdfunding can become a practical alternative to the role of banks as financial intermediaries. This study therefore analyses the potential prospects of Islamic crowdfunding in Malaysia as a complement to the Islamic banking sector. Through a qualitative design, this study utilises semi-structured interviews with experts and practitioners in the field of Islamic banking and crowdfunding. The data were then analysed thematically. Although the future relationship between Islamic crowdfunding and the Islamic banking sector is not clear, this study argues that Islamic crowdfunding will not be a substitute for the Islamic banking sector, but rather could be a complement to Islamic banks. In this regard, it makes sense to build a strategic partnership and co-operate with each other to provide benefits to both sides. Future research is recommended to further advance the exploration of Islamic crowdfunding, as there is still much to improve and this new industry faces issues and challenges of potential significance. At the same time, both institutions can enter into a strategic partnership and work together to achieve benefits for both sides. Even though the result of this research does not reflect the whole country, it contributes to a better practise of both Islamic crowdfunding and Islamic banking.
Model UML Aplikasi Augmented Reality Pengenalan Desa Pertumbukan
Authors: Perwitasari Ika Devi , Hendrawan Jodi , Panggabean Fitri Yani , Raihansyah Muhammad
Published: December 2024

Desa Pertumbukan memiliki berbagai potensi budaya, sejarah, dan wisata yang belum dimanfaatkan secara optimal untuk promosi kepada masyarakat luas. Salah satu kendala utama adalah keterbatasan media promosi konvensional yang kurang menarik dan sulit menjangkau audiens yang lebih luas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan sebuah aplikasi berbasis web yang dilengkapi dengan teknologi Augmented Reality (AR) sebagai media interaktif untuk mengenalkan potensi Desa Pertumbukan. Perancangan aplikasi dilakukan menggunakan model Unified Modeling Language (UML) untuk memastikan sistem terstruktur dan sesuai dengan kebutuhan pengguna. Metode penelitian meliputi analisis kebutuhan, perancangan model UML seperti Use Case Diagram, Activity Diagram, Class Diagram, dan Sequence Diagram, serta pengembangan aplikasi berbasis web. Teknologi web dipilih untuk memastikan aksesibilitas yang lebih luas, karena dapat diakses melalui berbagai perangkat tanpa memerlukan instalasi. Aplikasi ini menggunakan AR berbasis web untuk menampilkan objek 3D yang merepresentasikan ikon budaya desa, dilengkapi dengan fitur pencarian lokasi wisata yang terintegrasi dengan Google Maps API. Informasi tentang sejarah, budaya, dan potensi Desa Pertumbukan juga disajikan dalam antarmuka yang ramah pengguna. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi berbasis web ini berfungsi dengan baik, memberikan pengalaman interaktif kepada pengguna, dan dapat diakses melalui berbagai perangkat. Teknologi AR berbasis web memungkinkan pengguna untuk menjelajahi objek 3D langsung dari browser tanpa aplikasi tambahan. Fitur navigasi lokasi wisata dan penyajian informasi desa bekerja secara optimal, memberikan nilai tambah dalam mempromosikan potensi desa. Pengujian menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi ini memiliki responsivitas yang baik dan kompatibel dengan berbagai perangkat modern. Dengan demikian, aplikasi ini memiliki potensi besar untuk mendukung promosi Desa Pertumbukan secara digital dan interaktif. Pengembangan lebih lanjut diperlukan untuk memperluas fitur dan meningkatkan performa aplikasi agar lebih inklusif.
Pessoas Com Deficiência – PCDS no mercado de trabalho: A imprescindibilidade da inclusão social
Authors: Bortolini Junior Ademir , Pereira Maria Eduarda Silva , Coleti Jamile de Campos
Published: December 2024

Em todo o mundo, as pessoas com deficiência têm menos probabilidades de serem empregadas ou de receberem assistência e educação adequadas para o emprego do que a população em geral. Além disso, o trabalho e o emprego desempenham funções sociais importantes para as pessoas com deficiência, incluindo o reconhecimento como membros plenos da sociedade, a obtenção de rendimentos, o estabelecimento de contatos com outras pessoas, a contribuição para a sociedade e a estruturação do tempo. Assim, o objetivo deste artigo é abordar a respeito das Pessoas com Deficiência - PCDS no mercado de trabalho, ponderando a imprescindibilidade da inclusão social nas empresas. Para efetivar o presente, fez-se uma pesquisa bibliográfica. A inclusão da deficiência permite que todos tenham direitos iguais na sociedade – inclusive no local de trabalho. Ter um emprego ou uma carreira profissional é uma parte normal da vida de muitas pessoas, mas pode haver barreiras que dificultam que uma pessoa com deficiência encontre e mantenha um emprego. Adotar uma postura inclusiva pode aumentar as oportunidades no local de trabalho. Conclui-se que a própria legislação pátria é distante da realidade, pois a sociedade não respeita o espaço resguardado para os PCD. Por isso não é suficiente apenas criar as leis para que essas pessoas com deficiência sejam inseridas no mercado de trabalho, é necessário que elas sejam respeitadas, isto é, cumpridas, além de respeitar os direitos como um todo.
Factores determinantes para el diseño e implementación de una Guía Virtual en destinos turísticos
Authors: Mendoza Triana Jahaira Monserrate , Napa Cruzatty Anny Elizabeth , Párraga Basurto Yadira Beatriz
Published: December 2024

A nivel mundial, el turismo sostenible se ha convertido en un enfoque significativo para abordar los desafíos del crecimiento desmedido del turismo. Esta investigación tiene como objetivo identificar los factores determinantes para el diseño e implementación de una guía virtual en destinos turísticos. El estudio se realizó en el cantón Bolívar, provincia de Manabí, Ecuador, utilizando métodos analítico-sintéticos y descriptivos, combinando revisión bibliográfica, fichas de inventario para recursos y atractivos turísticos, y entrevistas con 10 actores clave del sector. Los resultados revelaron que el cantón posee una oferta turística variada, con 18 atractivos naturales y culturales, 13 hoteles, 47 restaurantes y 9 centros turísticos. A través de los criterios de expertos, se identificaron 14 factores determinantes para la guía, destacando especialmente el prototipo personalizado (Avatar), el chatbot y la vinculación con metabuscadores. En conclusión, el cantón Bolívar dispone de una amplia gama de recursos naturales y culturales que, a través la guía turística virtual, se potenciarán para atraer nuevos visitantes y consolidar al cantón como un destino turístico destacado.
Efficacy of NeuroHelp Topical Herbal Medicine in Treating Painful Diabetic Neuropathy (DPN)
Authors: Narjabad Ourmaan Nezami , Mohebbi Mina , Salamat Fatemeh , Zahedi Maryam , Vosoogh Shohre , Ghorashi Sona
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is one of the most common complications of diabetes mellitus and a major cause of disability and poor quality of life in patients with diabetes. In addition, health care costs associated with DPN are increasing. Given the challenges and limitations of current pharmacological treatments, traditional herbal remedies present a viable option. As a result, we formulated a new topical treatment, “NeuroHelp”. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the herbal medicine “NeuroHelp” in combination with oral gabapentin, and B vitamins on DPN symptoms.

Methods: We conducted a double-blinded, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial with parallel design on 84 type 2 diabetes patients with painful diabetic neuropathy. The 84 eligible patients were randomly allocated to one of two groups, either the intervention group (herbal medicine in combination with oral gabapentin, and B vitamins) or the placebo group (placebo in combination with oral gabapentin, and B vitamins). Topical herbal medicine ingredients were made of Citrullus colocynthis, Matricaria chamomilla, Althaea officinalis, Rheum officinale, Capparis spinosa, and Trigouella foenum graecum. A topical placebo ointment, with a similar appearance, texture and smell to the herbal medicine was made by a medicine manufacturer. Patients were evaluated for tingling feet, feet numbness, pinprick sensation, cold feet, monofilament test results, tuning fork test results, and pain using visual analogue scale (VAS) at baseline and three weeks after intervention as primary outcomes.

Results: The mean age of patients was 54.45 ± 8.72 years, 23.81% were male and 76.19% were female. Other baseline characteristics and diabetes relevant parameters revealed no significant differences between the intervention and placebo groups. NeuroHelp herbal medicine in combination with oral gabapentin, and B vitamins significantly reduced VAS for pain (mm) compared to placebo group after three weeks 24.0 ± 22.9 VS. 44.3 ± 33.1 (p<0.002). It also reduced diabetic neuropathy symptoms after three weeks compared to the placebo group including tingling feet 0 vs. 20 (47.60%) (p<0.001), foot numbness 2 (4.80%) vs. 13 (31%) (p<0.001), pinprick sensation 2 (4.8%) vs. 13 (31%) (p<0.001), and cold feet 0 vs. 5 (11.90%) (p=0.049).

Conclusions: Our study showed that three weeks topical application of NeuroHelp in combination with oral gabapentin, and B vitamins could improve diabetic neuropathy symptoms.
Theory Borrowing as a Process
Authors: Henke Jakob
Published: December 2024

Communication science has a history of borrowing theories from other disciplines. Yet, this practice is often criticized. In this essay, I challenge this notion by suggesting we view it as an iterative process. In doing so, borrowing can contribute to building more robust theories. Using examples of theories that have been borrowed by communication researchers, I illustrate several challenges that are associated with theory borrowing, such as adapting a theory out of scope, neglecting assumptions, not considering alternatives, and non-replicable empirical foundations. Viewing theory borrowing as a process means continuously engaging with a theory’s parent literature and potentially contributing to it. Ultimately, I advocate for a reflective and collaborative approach to theory borrowing that fosters rigorous interdisciplinary engagement, strengthens communication theory, and extends the discipline’s impact across the social sciences.
Impacto de técnicas de amostragem na performance de modelos de predição de desempenho de alunos em pensamento computacional
Authors: Sousa Carmélia Teixeira de , Dantas Júlio César da Silva
Published: December 2024

A crescente evasão e reprovação em cursos de Tecnologia tem encontrado na inteligência artificial uma aliada para mitigar seus impactos. Este estudo investigou a capacidade preditiva de dados demográficos na identificação de alunos em risco de reprovação em turmas de pensamento computacional. Para isso, construiu modelos de machine learning e avaliou seus desempenhos, também considerando o impacto de diferentes técnicas de amostragem. Os resultados indicaram uma baixa correlação entre dados demográficos e o desempenho dos alunos, sugerindo que esses dados, isoladamente, possuem limitações preditivas. Contudo, o uso de técnicas como SMOTE mostrou-se significativo, elevando as métricas de avaliação dos modelos. Destacam-se a regressão logística, com recall de 53% para a classe de reprovação, e o SVC, que atingiu 75% de acurácia quando combinado com SMOTE e Tomek links. Esses achados reforçam o papel de estratégias de balanceamento para melhorar a eficácia preditiva em cenários desafiadores.
The increasing role of the allergist in the management of infusion reactions at the Oncology Infusion Center
Authors: Borrás Cuartero Julián , Torres Górriz Maria Cruz , Stein Coronado Cristina Isabel , Germán Sánchez Adrián , Pesántez Méndez Cristina Giovanna , Latorre Ibáñez Maria Dolores , Enrique Ernesto
Published: December 2024

Background

Hypersensitivity reactions to chemotherapy disrupt treatment schedules and compromise patient outcomes. Rapid Drug Desensitization (RDD) enables patients to tolerate future treatments after an allergy workup. However, Same-Day Desensitization (SDD) is a novel approach that capitalizes on RDD to allow the continuation of chemotherapy on the same day as the index reaction, preventing treatment delays.

Objective

To evaluate the safety and efficacy of SDD in managing hypersensitivity reactions during chemotherapy and emphasize the essential role of allergists in the Oncology Infusion Center (OIC) for accurate drugs hypersensitivity reactions (DHRs) phenotyping and management.

Methods

This retrospective cohort included patients experiencing DHRs during chemotherapy. Under allergist supervision, SDD was performed once the index reaction was controlled. At a later date, clinical phenotypes and endotypes of DHRs were assessed through clinical history, skin tests, serum biomarkers (including tryptase and IL-6 levels), and drug provocation testing (DPT) to reach an accurate diagnosis.

Results

SDD was successful in 35 cases, even for patients with severe initial reactions. Only 14% experienced breakthrough reactions, all mild. Same-day assessment by allergists ensured a 92% correlation between initial and final diagnoses, optimizing DHR management. Early engagement with Allergy allowed 86% of reactive patients to continue treatment through RDD or after ruling out an allergy.

Conclusion

SDD is a safe and effective procedure that ensures that patients don't miss their oncology treatment on the day of a reaction. The presence of an allergist in the OIC is crucial for rapid access to accurate DHR phenotyping and optimal management, supporting personalized precision medicine in oncology.
Deep learning-based analysis of daily activity patterns of farmed dromedary camels
Authors: Al-Khateeb Rama , Mansour Nabil , Mirza Shaher Bano , Lamghari Fouad
Published: December 2024

Introduction

This study addresses the need for automated monitoring solutions to evaluate the daily activity patterns of camels, which is critical for improving animal welfare and farm management practices. By leveraging advanced deep learning techniques, this research aims to identify and analyze five key daily activities—sleeping, sitting, standing, eating, and drinking—using video recordings from a camel farm in Fujairah, United Arab Emirates.

Methods

The dataset was collected over two 7-day phases in November and December 2022. In Phase 1, video recordings were analyzed to monitor the activities of two camels and measure the duration of each activity. In Phase 2, the study expanded to include six camels, enabling an evaluation of individual behavioral variations. The YOLOv7 object detection algorithm was used to train and validate the model on images extracted from the recordings, achieving high accuracy in detecting and classifying the defined activities.

Results

The results showed notable variations in activity patterns between Phases 1 and 2. Average standing time decreased from 9.8 hours (40.8%) to 6.0 hours (25.1%), and sleeping time dropped from 4.3 hours (18.0%) to 2.8 hours (11.7%). Conversely, sitting time increased from 6.2 hours (25.8%) to 9.9 hours (41.5%), and eating time rose from 3.1 hours (12.8%) to 4.6 hours (19.2%). Drinking time remained consistent at an average of 37 minutes (2.6%) across both phases. Activity peaks were observed during early mornings and after 16:00, with midday hours dominated by resting in shaded areas. Evening and nighttime activities primarily included sitting, minimal head movements, and occasional standing or walking.

Discussion

The established deep learning framework demonstrated reliable performance in detecting and analyzing camel activity patterns, offering a practical solution for continuous monitoring and improved farm management. However, further research is recommended to validate the model’s performance across different seasons and environmental conditions to enhance its robustness and adaptability.
Past, present, and future of electrical impedance tomography and myography for medical applications: a scoping review
Authors: Youssef Baby Lea , Bedran Ryan Sam , Doumit Antonio , El Hassan Rima H. , Maalouf Noel
Published: December 2024

This scoping review summarizes two emerging electrical impedance technologies: electrical impedance myography (EIM) and electrical impedance tomography (EIT). These methods involve injecting a current into tissue and recording the response at different frequencies to understand tissue properties. The review discusses basic methods and trends, particularly the use of electrodes: EIM uses electrodes for either injection or recording, while EIT uses them for both. Ag/AgCl electrodes are prevalent, and current injection is preferred over voltage injection due to better resistance to electrode wear and impedance changes. Advances in digital processing and integrated circuits have shifted EIM and EIT toward digital acquisition, using voltage-controlled current sources (VCCSs) that support multiple frequencies. The review details powerful processing algorithms and reconstruction tools for EIT and EIM, examining their strengths and weaknesses. It also summarizes commercial devices and clinical applications: EIT is effective for detecting cancerous tissue and monitoring pulmonary issues, while EIM is used for neuromuscular disease detection and monitoring. The role of machine learning and deep learning in advancing diagnosis, treatment planning, and monitoring is highlighted. This review provides a roadmap for researchers on device evolution, algorithms, reconstruction tools, and datasets, offering clinicians and researchers information on commercial devices and clinical studies for effective use and innovative research.
Enhancing the assessment of in situ beam–column strength through probing and machine learning
Authors: Ma Jin Terng , Lapira Luke , Wadee M. Ahmer
Published: December 2024

Beam–columns are designed to withstand the concurrent action of both axial and bending stresses. Therefore, when assessing the structural health of an in situ beam–column, both of these load effects must be considered. Probing, having been shown recently to be an effective methodology for predicting the in situ health of prestressed stayed columns under axial compression, is applied currently for predicting the in situ health of beam–columns. Although probing stiffness was sufficient for predicting the health of prestressed stayed columns, additional data are required to predict both the moment and axial utilisation ratios. It is shown that the initial lateral deflection is a suitable measure considered alongside the probing stiffness measured at various probing locations within a revised machine learning (ML) framework. The inclusion of both terms in the ML framework produced an almost exact prediction of both the aforementioned utilisation ratios for various design combinations, thereby demonstrating that the probing framework proposed herein is an appropriate methodology for evaluating the structural strength reserves of beam–columns.
Compressive strength prediction of fiber-reinforced recycled aggregate concrete based on optimization algorithms
Authors: Duan Suping
Published: December 2024

With the growing emphasis on sustainable development in the construction industry, fiber-reinforced recycled aggregate concrete (BFRC) has attracted considerable attention due to its superior mechanical properties and environmental benefits. However, accurately predicting the compressive strength of BFRC remains a challenge because of the complex interaction between recycled aggregates and fiber reinforcement. This study introduces an innovative predictive framework that combines the XGBoost machine learning algorithm with advanced optimization algorithms, including the Seagull Optimization Algorithm (SOA), Tunicate Swarm Algorithm (TSA), and Mayfly Algorithm (MA). The unique integration of these algorithms not only improves predictive accuracy but also optimizes model performance by enhancing parameter tuning capabilities. Experimental results demonstrated that the TSA-XGBoost model achieved an exceptional R2 of 0.9847 and a minimum mean square error (MSE) of 0.255958, outperforming other models in predicting BFRC’s compressive strength. This novel predictive approach offers an efficient and accurate tool for assessing BFRC’s mechanical performance in practical applications, thus supporting its broader adoption in sustainable construction.
Cell therapy in kidney diseases: advancing treatments for renal regeneration
Authors: Salybekov Amankeldi A. , Kinzhebay Aiman , Kobayashi Shuzo
Published: December 2024

Kidney diseases, including acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD), pose a significant global health challenge, with high morbidity and mortality rates driven by rising prevalence of risk factors such as diabetes and hypertension. Current therapeutic strategies are often limited, prompting the exploration of advanced cell therapies as potential solutions. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the state of cell therapies in kidney disease, tracing the progression from preclinical studies to clinical applications. Recent studies highlited that cell-based interventions offer kidney-protective properties through mechanisms such as paracrine signaling, immune modulation, and direct tissue integration, demonstrating potential in both AKI and CKD settings. Despite promising results, challenges remain in optimizing cell therapy protocols, including cell sourcing, delivery methods, and long-term outcomes. Finally, the review addresses on efforts to enhance cell function, optimize dosing, and refine delivery techniques to improve clinical outcomes in kidney disease management.
MMP-3 and TIMP-1 as prognostic biomarkers in VZV-induced retinal necrosis
Authors: Wang Zhujian , Liu Yu , Zhou Min , Lei Boya , Chang Qing , Cao Wenjun
Published: December 2024

Objective

Acute retinal necrosis (ARN) caused by varicella-zoster virus (VZV) is associated with changes in specific proteins in the eye’s fluid, particularly matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3), an enzyme that breaks down tissue structures, and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1), which regulates MMP activity. This study aims to investigate how these proteins correlate with the progression of ARN.

Methods

We analyzed aqueous humor samples from 33 patients with ARN and 23 control patients with virus-negative uveitis. MMP-3 levels were measured using immunoturbidimetry, and TIMP-1 levels were determined using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. We examined the relationships between these protein levels and clinical findings using statistical correlation methods.

Results

MMP-3, TIMP-1 were significantly higher in the aqueous humor of ARN patients compared to the controls (P<0.0001). Correlation analysis revealed a significant correlation between MMP-3 levels and TIMP-1 (r = 0.460, P = 0.007). The upregulation of MMP-3 and TIMP-1 was found to parallel VZV DNA load and IL-6 levels. Additionally, they exhibited negative correlation with best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and positive correlation with the percentage of active retinal necrosis area.MMP-3 was markedly enhanced in all 14 cases of retinal detachment (RD), whereas TIMP-1 levels were significantly reduced in the same cohort of eyes. Patients with initial higher TIMP-1 levels have a significantly increased risk of developing RD, with a hazard ratio (HR) of 3.152 (95% CI, 1.082-9.18).

Conclusion

The imbalance between MMP-3 and TIMP-1 may play a critical role in the development and severity of ARN. Measuring these proteins in the eye’s aqueous humor could be valuable for assessing disease progression and guiding treatment strategies, potentially improving outcomes for patients with virus-induced retinal diseases.
Impact of comorbidities and personal characteristics on weather-related risk for community-acquired pneumonia
Authors: Brenner Thomas , Link Ann-Christine , Khan Saeed A. , Reudenbach Christoph , Bendix Joerg , Kutzinski Max , Weckler Barbara C. , Pott Hendrik , Rupp Jan , Witzenrath Martin , Rohde Gernot , Pletz Mathias W. , Bertrams Wilhelm , Schmeck Bernd
Published: December 2024

Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is one of the most frequent causes of death among infectious diseases worldwide. There is a growing concern about weather impacts on CAP. However, no studies have examined the effects of comorbidities and personal characteristics alongside the twofold impact of weather conditions (meteorological and air quality) on CAP. Our study investigates how personal characteristics (age, sex, and BMI) and comorbidities (asthma, chronic heart disease, COPD, diabetes, heart insufficiency, smoking, and tumor) and care influence the twofold compound impact of weather on CAP admissions. We match medical data from a German multicentre cohort of 10,660 CAP patients with daily regional weather data, using logistic regressions to calculate the “Pneumonia Risk Increase Factor” (PRIF). This factor quantifies the heightened risk of CAP admissions due to weather conditions. We demonstrate that individuals with specific personal characteristics and those with comorbidities are more susceptible to weather impacts in the context of CAP than their counterparts. People with COPD have a PRIF of 5.28, followed by people in care (5.23) and people with a high BMI (4.02). Air pollutants, particularly CO and PM2.5, play a significant role in increasing CAP hospitalizations. For meteorological conditions, air pressure and lower temperatures, combined with air pollutants, lead to high PRIFs. Our findings emphasize the increased weather vulnerability of old, high BMI, and males and people with comorbidities. This provides invaluable information to support at-risk individuals through protective measures and provides healthcare providers as well as health policymakers with insights for resource planning before and during pneumonia-contributing weather conditions.
Monocyte adhesion to and transmigration through endothelium following cardiopulmonary bypass shearing is mediated by IL-8 signaling
Authors: Zhou Hao , Scatena Marta , Tu Lan N. , Giachelli Cecilia M. , Nigam Vishal
Published: December 2024

Introduction

The use of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) can induce sterile systemic inflammation that contributes to morbidity and mortality, especially in children. Patients have been found to have increased expression of cytokines and transmigration of leukocytes during and after CPB. Previous work has demonstrated that the supraphysiologic shear stresses existing during CPB are sufficient to induce proinflammatory behavior in non-adherent monocytes. The interactions between shear stimulated monocytes and vascular endothelial cells have not been well studied and have important translational implications. With these studies, we tested the hypothesis that non-physiological shear stress experienced by monocytes during CPB affects the integrity and function of the endothelial monolayer.

Methods

We have used an in vitro CPB model to study the interaction between THP-1 monocyte-like cells and human neonatal dermal microvascular endothelial cells (HNDMVECs). THP-1 cells were sheared in polyvinyl chloride (PVC) tubing at 2.1 Pa, twice of the physiological shear stress, for 2 h. ELISA, adhesion and transmigration assays, qPCR, and RNA silencing were used to assess the interactions between THP-1 cells and HNDMVECs were characterized after co-culture.

Results

We found that sheared THP-1 cells adhered to and transmigrated through the HNDMVEC monolayer more readily than static THP-1 controls. Sheared THP-1 cells disrupted the VE-cadherin and led to the reorganization of cytoskeletal F-actin of HNDMVECs. A higher level of IL-8 was detected in the sheared THP-1 and HNDMVEC co-culture medium compared to the static THP-1 and HNDMVEC medium. Further, treating HNDMVECs with IL-8 resulted in increased adherence of non-sheared THP-1 cells, and upregulation in HNDMVECs of vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1) and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1). Finally, inhibition of HNDMVECs CXCR2/IL-8 receptor with Reparixin and of IL-8 expression with siRNA blocked sheared THP-1 cell adhesion to the endothelial monolayer.

Conclusions

These results suggest that CPB-like sheared monocytes promote IL-8 production followed by increased endothelium permeability, and monocyte adhesion and transmigration. This study revealed a novel mechanism of post-CPB inflammation and will contribute to the development of targeted therapeutics to prevent and repair the damage to neonatal patients.
Implant-supported prosthesis under progressive loading protocol stimulates alveolar bone growth in patients with severe alveolar bone atrophy. Retrospective case series
Authors: Anitua Eduardo , Piñas Laura , Alkhraisat Mohammad H.
Published: December 2024

Introduction

The jaw with severe bone atrophy is a difficult challenge when rehabilitating with dental implants. To be able to place dental implants in the most severe cases and to achieve an increase in bone volume by means of the tension transmitted by the load is a novelty. This work provides data on the alveolar bone changes in a severely atrophic mandible that has been treated with implant supported prosthesis under progressive loading protocol.

Material and methods

This study reported on 3 patients with completely edentulous mandible. In all cases, implants were inserted in the anterior region of the mandible and progressive loading was carried out with an increase in the distal cantilever. The length of the cantilever extension was adapted to growth of the residual alveolar bone at the mandible body. The increase in bone height was controlled in the area of implant placement as well as in the area distal to the implants (1 cm behind the last implant).

Results

This case series described 3 patients where 13 implants were placed. The patients were followed for 17, 19 and 20 years after implants insertion. The mean mandibular residual height of the alveolar bone was 7.8 ± 2.7 mm at the implant site. The mean mandibular body height at 1.0 cm distal to the last implant was 7.0 ± 3.9 mm in the third quadrant and 8.1 ± 4.4 mm in the fourth quadrant. The mean height at the last follow-up was 11.0 ± 3.2 mm (±3.2) in the third quadrant and 11.20 ± 4.4 mm in the fourth quadrant.

Conclusions

Implant-supported prosthesis and progressive loading have resulted in vertical bone growth in a series of patients with extreme atrophy of the mandible. The long-term follow-up indicated that bone growth is confined to the dental implants but has been extended to distant regions resulting in the thickening of the mandibular body and the creation of the absent mandibular canal.
A comparative study of intelligent prediction models for landslide susceptibility: random forest and support vector machine
Authors: Liu Yuwei , Xu Yuling , Huang Jun , Liu Haiting , Fang Yu , Yu Yuping
Published: December 2024

Colluvial landslides widely developed in mountainous and hilly areas have the characteristics of mass occurrence and sudden occurrence. How to reveal the spatial distribution rules of potential landslides quickly and accurately is of great significance for landslide warning and prevention in the study area. Landslide susceptibility prediction (LSP) modeling provides an effective way to reveal the spatial distribution of regional landslides, however, it is difficult to accurately divide slope units and select prediction models in the processes of LSP modeling. To solve these problems, this paper takes the widely developed colluvial landslides in Dingnan County, Jiangxi Province, China as the research object. Firstly, the multi-scale segmentation (MSS) algorithm is used to divide Dingnan County into 100,000 slope units, to improve the efficiency and accuracy of slope unit division. Secondly, 18 environmental factors with abundant types and clear meanings, including topography, lithology and hydrological environment factors, were selected as input variables of LSP models. Then, a widely representative Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Random Forest (RF) models were selected to explore the difference characteristics of various machine learning models in predicting landslide susceptibility. Finally, the comprehensive evaluation method is proposed to compare the accuracy of various slope unit-based machine learning methods for LSP. The results show that the MSS algorithm can divide slope units in Dingnan County efficiently and accurately. The RF model (AUC = 0.896) has a higher LSP accuracy than that of the SVM model (AUC = 0.871), and the landslide susceptibility indexes (LSI) predicted by the RF model have a smaller mean value and a larger standard deviation than those of the SVM model. Conclusively, the overall performance of RF model in predicting landslide susceptibility is higher than that of SVM model.
A systematic review of research on nontraditional students reveals inconsistent definitions and a need for clarity: focus on U.S. based studies
Authors: Brozina Cory , Johri Aditya , Chew Alanis
Published: December 2024

Background

The term “nontraditional students” (NTS) is widely used in higher education research, but its definition varies across studies.

Objectives

This systematic literature review aims to examine how researchers define NTS in U.S.-based studies and identify potential definitional issues.

Methods

We conducted a systematic review following PRISMA guidelines, searching EBSCO databases (Education Research Complete, Education Full Text, and ERIC) for peer-reviewed articles published between 2018 and 2022. We analyzed 65 papers that met our inclusion criteria to assess the definitions used for NTS. In this systematic literature review we focus on the definitional issues related to how researchers use the term nontraditional students in US-based studies. We review 65 papers from search results containing 432 papers to understand how researchers define nontraditional students. Of the 65 papers reviewed fully, 33 papers included a specific definition of nontraditional students, 15 included an unspecified definition of nontraditional students, and 17 papers did not include a clear definition at all. Our work suggests that researchers use a clearer definition, such as from the NCES, to define nontraditional students and focus their attention on the seven categories given by NCES.
Teachers’ professional identity: a multifactorial study in basic education institutions in metropolitan Lima
Authors: Herrera-Espinoza Kelly , Gonzales-Saavedra Fabianna , Pantigoso-Leython Nathalí , Valverde-Alva Weslyn , Colina-Ysea Félix , Chavez-Ojeda Mirelly , Diaz-Cornejo Maria , Cruz-Gonzales Richard , Varas-Rivera Sindili , Terrones-Rodríguez Elvis
Published: December 2024

Understanding teachers’ professional identity from a systemic viewpoint implies approaching the study from multifactorial elements. The research sought to determine the factors that explain teachers’ professional identity in public educational institutions in Metropolitan Lima, Peru, following a quantitative approach with a non-experimental, explanatory, and cross-sectional design. In this sense, the population was identified by teachers of the public educational institutions of Metropolitan Lima, and the sampling was convenient according to the accessibility of the researchers. The sample was defined as 510 teachers from 15 public educational institutions in Metropolitan Lima, 334 males and 176 females, aged between 23 and 64 years, from different working conditions, hired and appointed. The results show that the model composed of personal factors (gender, age, family burden, and civil status), labor factors (type of contract, length of service, type of educational institution, remuneration and training at the educational institution) and educational factors (level of studies, training center and number of preprofessional practice courses taken) explain the professional teaching identity as integrating elements that effectively contribute to the teaching practice. The influence of teacher training, the work center, and individual aspects on the teacher’s professional identity is corroborated.