bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Osseointegration-Related Exosomes for Surface Functionalization of Titanium Implants
Authors: Li Boqiong , Chen Huanming , Hang Ruiqiang
Published: December 2024

Despite that the clinical application of titanium-based implants has achieved great success, patients’ own diseases and/or unhealthy lifestyle habits often lead to implant failure. Many studies have been carried out to modify titanium implants to promote osseointegration and implant success. Recent studies showed that exosomes, proactively secreted extracellular vesicles by mammalian cells, could selectively target and modulate the functions of recipient cells such as macrophages, nerve cells, endothelial cells, and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells that are closely involved in implant osseointegration. Accordingly, using exosomes to functionalize titanium implants has been deemed as a novel and effective way to improve their osseointegration ability. Herein, recent advances pertaining to surface functionalization of titanium implants with exosomes are analyzed and discussed, with focus on the role of exosomes in regulating the functions of osseointegration-related cells, and their immobilization strategies as well as resultant impact on osseointegration ability.
Unraveling the Drivers of Nitrate Levels in an Alpine River on the Qinghai–Xizang Plateau in Winter
Authors: Pan Ke , Li Wentao , Zhang Wenshi , Ye Chen , Jiang Hao , Zhang Quanfa
Published: December 2024

The biogeochemical cycling on the Qinghai–Xizang Plateau is sensitive to climate change. Yet the response of fluvial nitrate (NO
3
−
) dynamics to climatic conditions on the plateau is poorly understood. Here, natural abundance isotopes were synthesized and
15
N pairing experiments were carried out to systematically clarify the drivers of NO
3
−
-N levels in an alpine river on the southeastern Qinghai–Xizang Plateau in winter. The natural abundance isotopes (
δ
15
N/
δ
18
O
NO3
) of the river waters suggested that soil organic nitrogen (SON) was the primary source of riverine NO
3
−
-N (96.5% ± 2.2%), and substantial biological NO
3
−
removal occurred in the catchment. The
15
N pairing techniques quantified that the removal of NO
3
−
in soils and river sediments, i.e., dissimilatory NO
3
−
reduction to ammonium (DNRA) denitrification, and anammox, was prevalent, which outcompeted nitrification. As SON dominated the NO
3
−
sources, we focused on the drivers of NO
3
−
production-related processes in the soils. The denitrification rates in the soils were largely controlled by moisture. The weak remineralization of SON in winter led to high C/N ratios, which favored DNRA. Anammox could be explained by the competition of its substrate (nitrite [NO
2
−
]) with other processes. Low temperatures in winter limited nitrification. The hydrological isotopes (i.e.,
δ
2
H/
δ
18
O
H2O
) showed that NO
3
−
in the soils was supply limited. Higher runoff due to weaker evaporation and more glacial meltwater recharging exerted dilution effects on the NO
3
−
-N levels in the river. This study systematically unraveled the processes regulating the NO
3
−
-N levels in an alpine river in the cold season, providing a window for understanding fluvial NO
3
−
-N dynamics on the plateau.
Geographic Context-Specific Impacts on Residents’ Willingness to Support Ecological Restoration in China’s Dryland
Authors: Liu Yanxu , Wu Tianjing , Wu Xutong , Zhao Wenwu
Published: December 2024

Under the United Nations Decade on Ecosystem Restoration (2021 to 2030), a geographic context-specific issue emerged that how local people would like to support ecological restoration programs. Regarding previous studies, which often identified the key variables at a fixed scale, we formulated the scientific question as follows: how do landscape-level variables influence the impact of individual-level characteristics on residents’ willingness to support ecological restoration? Based on a survey of 2,753 households that experienced ecological restoration programs in China’s dryland and 4 landscape-level variables, namely, normalized difference vegetation index, land surface temperature, relative humidity, and precipitation, we quantitatively measured the geographic context-specific impacts on residents’ willingness to support ecological restoration by multilevel linear models. The results demonstrated that the cross-scale effects of normalized difference vegetation index were mostly negative (3 negative and 1 positive), the cross-scale effects of land surface temperature were mostly positive (1 negative and 4 positive), and relative humidity has only 1 negative cross-scale effect. The cross-scale effect was apt to exist in residents landscape utilization characteristics rather than the commonly used residents demographic characteristics, such as gender, age, education, income, and family structure. We conclude that the findings on the impacts of local individual-level variables are likely to lose generalizability and replicability if the geographic context is ignored.
Evaluating the Capability of Low-Configuration Spectrometers to Retrieve Far-Red Solar-Induced Chlorophyll Fluorescence and Its Application for Identifying Crop Growth Stages
Authors: Pei Lei , Zhang Yongguang , Zhang Zhaoying , Wu Yunfei , Hou Yuqing , Wu Linsheng
Published: December 2024

The ground-based continuous hyperspectral remote sensing technique presents a unique opportunity to advance terrestrial ecosystem monitoring. Accurate retrieval of solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) relies heavily on commercially available spectrometers with high spectral resolution (SR). However, high-SR spectrometers are resource-intensive and challenging to maintain, limiting their widespread deployment at observational sites. Here, we explored an alternative low-configuration and low-cost spectrometer for SIF retrieval at 2 sites cultivated with wheat and rice. The results revealed the strong correlations between irradiance and radiance measurements in the selected SIF bands from the high- and low-configuration spectrometers (
R
2
> 0.90, average root mean square error <8.95 mW m
−2
nm
−1
sr
−1
, relative root mean square error < 7%). Far-red SIF retrieved from both spectrometers exhibited marked correlations at both half-hourly and daily averaged scales (
R
2
> 0.90). Additionally, we utilized simulated data to examine the impact of SR and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) on the far-red SIF retrieval from both high- and low-configuration spectrometers. Strong correlations (
R
2
> 0.80) were found between the simulated data with SNR ≥ 300 and SR < 2 nm. Furthermore, we investigated the relationships between crop gross primary productivity (GPP) and far-red SIF from both types of spectrometers and their ability to identify crop growth stages. SIF from both types of spectrometers exhibited high correlations with GPP (
R
2
> 0.70). The dates of various wheat-specific growth stages observed using the low-configuration spectrometer were consistent with those identified by the high-configuration spectrometer, with less than a 3-d differences for wheat. Our study confirms the capabilities of the low-configuration spectrometers for far-red SIF retrievals and promotes their deployment over large-scale ground observation networks, potentially advancing the large development of low-cost ground-based SIF measurements.
Seasonal Tree Height Dynamic Estimation Using Multi-source Remotely Sensed Data in Shenzhen
Authors: Song Hang , Zhang Xuemei , Hu Ting , Liu Jinglei , Xu Bing
Published: December 2024

Tree height is a key indicator in forest ecology, reflecting tree growth status and ecosystem structure. Traditional methods of tree height measurement rely on ground-based measurements, which are limited by cost and time. In recent years, the development of machine learning and multi-source remotely sensed technologies has provided new ways to measure tree height. In this study, we utilized light detection and ranging and satellite data to extract spectral, vegetation, texture, polarization, terrain, and season features. By integrating these features with machine learning, deep learning, and optimization methods, we dynamically estimated tree heights in Shenzhen during summer and winter from 2018 to 2023 and validated seasonal and regional scalability. It was found that (a) the seasonal tree height neural network demonstrated the highest prediction accuracy in tree height estimation (
R
2
= 0.72, mean absolute error = 1.89 m), and the optimization process of Shapley additive explanations reduced 23 features, which improved the prediction accuracy (
R
2
= 0.80, mean absolute error = 1.58 m) and saved computational resources; (b) the seasonal tree height neural network has a strong generalizability for estimating tree height across seasons and regions; and (c) during 2018 to 2023, tree heights in Shenzhen were mainly concentrated in 6 to 14 m, and the spatial distribution has a strong autocorrelation. Tree canopy heights in winter are generally lower than those in summer, and the tree growth rate shows spatial heterogeneity. Overall, this study uncovers the intricate interplay between tree growth and seasonal variations in its traits throughout the urbanization process in Shenzhen. It offers valuable data support and a theoretical foundation for urban greening management and ecological protection.
Ly6G
+
Neutrophils and Interleukin-17 Are Essential in Protection against Rodent Malaria Caused by
Plasmodium berghei
ANKA
Authors: Su Ziwei , Li Qilong , Zhang Yiwei , Liu Tong , Lv Kunying , Feng Anni , Yang Yixin , Zhang Yanxin , Wei Zhiming , Sang Xiaoyu , Feng Ying , Chen Ran , Jiang Ning , Chen Qijun
Published: December 2024

Neutrophils are essential in combating invading pathogens such as
Plasmodium
parasites, but the participation of their subpopulations and mechanisms in resistance to parasite infection are not fully understood. Our study identified a marked increase in Ly6G
+
neutrophils in response to
P. berghei
ANKA infection. Depletion of these cells rendered mice more susceptible to infection. Elevated interleukin-17 (IL-17) levels, which increased the Ly6G
+
neutrophil population, were also found to contribute to this protective effect. IL-17 depletion led to reduced neutrophil numbers and increased susceptibility. Furthermore, dihydroartemisinin (DHA) treatment enhanced neutrophil-mediated immune responses through up-regulation of CD18 and CXCR4 factors. These findings revealed key mechanisms of neutrophil and IL-17 interactions in malaria protection and highlighted DHA’s potential to promote neutrophil function in combating malaria.
Infectious Diseases and the Use of Antimicrobials on Space Missions
Authors: Castro-Costa Alice R. C. e , Siqueira-Batista Rodrigo , Alcântara Fabíola A. , Russomano Thaís , Santos Marlise A. , Silva Isadora de C. e , Del Cima Oswaldo M.
Published: December 2024

Introduction:
Exposure of the human body to the aerospace environment is capable of producing various physiological changes, which contributes to greater susceptibility of acquiring viral and/or bacterial infections.
Objective:
To review studies on the use of antimicrobials in space to provide up-to-date information on the treatment of infectious diseases and contribute to the safety and well-being of astronauts on space voyages.
Method:
Integrative literature review, using DeCS
(https://decs.bvsalud.org/)
and PubMed (
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/
).
Results and Discussion:
Prolonged exposure to microgravity, radiation, and confinement can potentially affect the dynamics of interactions between microorganisms and
Homo sapiens
, causing astronauts to be more susceptible to infections in the aerospace environment. This context becomes more complex when we consider the greater possibility of drug-resistant bacterial strains emerging—due to radiation-related mutations—and the conditions that affect antimicrobial stability, especially excessive vibrations, a carbon dioxide-rich atmosphere, and variations in humidity temperature fluctuations. Additionally, physiological changes experienced by humans in the extraterrestrial environment—e.g., cardiovascular, respiratory, and renal—can alter the pharmacokinetics of antimicrobials.
Conclusion:
Understanding the context in which astronauts are inserted, the risks involved, and how to avoid theses is essential for ensuring the safety and continuity of space missions with regards to diseases and the use of antimicrobials, which will allow humanity in space to have a “long and prosperous life”.
Investigation of nitrogen kinetics of little and without nickel
corrosion-resistant steel in the solid state
Authors: Yu Proidak , S Pidhоrnyi , G Tregubenko , G Polyakov , B Pаlash
Published: December 2024

Purpose. Investigation of nitriding kinetics in the solid state of rolled low- and nickel-free corrosion-resistant steels to the full thickness to obtain a stable austenitic structure.
Methodology. Nitriding of the samples was performed in a vacuum oven at temperatures of 1200-
13500C at exposures from 2 to 30 hours. The temperature was measured with a platinumplatinum-rhodium thermocouple with an accuracy of + 100C. During the heating of the samples,
the nitrogen pressure was maintained constant. After extraction of the samples from the furnace, their analysis was performed: X-ray diffraction, layer-by-layer, metallographic and chemical composition, in that case for nitrogen content.
Results. The results of this work indicate the fundamental possibility of nitriding Cr-Mn and CrMn-Ni steels in the solid state after their hot deformation with a relatively short duration of the
process with a thickness of up to 7 mm.
Scientific novelty. For the first time, studies of nitriding kinetics of corrosion-resistant steels Х15Г12
and Х18Н4Г10 in the solid state at temperatures of 1200-13500С were carried out.
Practical value. The application of nitriding technology with little and without nickel corrosionresistant steels in the solid state significantly increases their quality and reduces their cost.
Keywords: corrosion-resistant steels, nitriding, kinetics, solid state, research, nitrogen, austenite
Lise Öğrencilerinin Erdemli İnsan Algılarının Çeşitli Değişkenler Açısından İncelenmesi
Authors: Şentürk Şener , Altınışık Mustafa Selim , Altun Ayşegül , Koçyiğit Özbay Gülşah
Published: December 2024

Bu araştırma, ortaöğretim kurumlarında eğitim gören öğrencilerin erdemli insan algılarını farklı değişkenler açısından inceleyerek bu değişkenlerin erdemli insan algıları üzerindeki etkisini belirlemeyi amaçlanmaktadır. Araştırmada adalet, merhamet, iffet, cesaret ve hikmet erdemleri incelenmiştir. Araştırmanın çalışma grubu; Samsun ilinde çeşitli liselerde öğrenim gören 9, 10, 11 ve 12. sınıf öğrencileri olan 417 katılımcıdan oluşturmaktadır. Betimsel araştırma modeline göre tasarlanan bu çalışmanın verileri, "Erdemli İnsan Algısı Ölçeği" kullanılarak elde edilmiş olup, katılımcıların erdemli insan algıları hakkında veriler toplanmıştır. Gerçekleştirilen analiz sonuçları, katılımcıların erdemli insan algılarının orta veya yüksek düzeyde olduğunu göstermiştir.
Ülkelerin İnsani Gelişmişlik Ölçüsüne Göre Seviyelerinin Belirlenmesinde Kümeleme Algoritmalarının Kullanılmasına İlişkin Bir Uygulama
Authors: Sarul L. Sinem
Published: December 2024

Temel yaşam standartlarına erişim, eğitim ve sağlıklı yaşama süresi gibi üç temel gösterge dikkate alınarak oluşturulan İnsani Gelişme İndeksi (Human Development Index) ilk olarak 1990 yılında Birleşmiş Milletler Kalkınma Programı tarafından ortaya konulmuştur. Belirtilen temel göstergeler dikkate alınarak tüm dünya ülkelerinin İnsani Gelişme İndeksi hesaplanmakta, oluşturulmuş olduğu ilk yıldan itibaren her yıl düzenli olarak Birleşmiş Milletler tarafından kamuoyu bilgisine sunulmaktadır. Bu çalışmada veri madenciliği kapsamında kümeleme analizi teknikleri detaylı olarak incelenmiş ve bu teknikler kullanılarak İnsani Gelişme İndeksine göre ülkelerin gruplaması yapılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlar Birleşmiş Milletler Kalkınma Programı tarafından açıklanan listeye göre karşılaştırılarak yapılan analizlerin bu alanda uygulanabilirliği tartışılmıştır.
III. DESENVOLVIMIENTO HUMANO: UNA FINALIDAD PARA EL APRENDIZAJE EN LA EDUCACIÓN COSMOLÓGICA
Authors: Castro Mercado Juan Manuel
Published: December 2024

Este trabajo es la exposición de un concepto fundamental de la Educación Cosmológica: El desenvolvimiento humano. Se trata de una propuesta descriptiva sobre nuestra manera general de existir y operar como seres humanos. La importancia de este concepto consiste en que permite estructurar y especificar las facultades, saberes, actitudes y procesos de nuestra competencia humana y su funcionalidad. En esta instancia, en este trabajo también se presentan algunas reflexiones y principios educativos, con los cuales diseñar los escenarios de aprendizaje en la Educación Cosmológica, especialmente, aquellos en los que se desea desarrollar la competencia y el desenvolvimiento humanos en los educandos. El propósito de socialización consiste en brindar las bases formativas, para un cambio de perspectiva sobre cómo se debe enseñar en la escuela y cuál debe ser la finalidad del aprendizaje humano, que esté en función de nuestro beneficio. Y, así, corregir el error actual de una enseñanza para la memorización de saberes sin relación alguna con nuestra existencia y operatividad. Por consiguiente, teniendo en cuenta que el objetivo de la Educación Cosmológica consiste en formar seres humanos que estén en función de beneficiar lo que integra y funda la vida en el cosmos, en este trabajo se expone una propuesta formativa sobre lo que deben aprender los educandos, para que logren ser seres humanos íntegros con un potencial de beneficio para ellos mismos y lo que los sustenta.
I. CRIPTAS Y CATACUMBAS COMO ARQUITECTURA SUBTERRÁNEA DE LA BASÍLICA CATEDRAL DEL CUSCO
Authors: Bautista Huaipar Elizabeth Eliana , Vargas Febres Carlos Guillermo
Published: December 2024

El objetivo de la presente investigación fue la de analizar las características formales, estructurales, materiales y espaciales de las criptas, canal y catacumba ubicadas en la Basílica Catedral del Cusco como principal arquitectura religiosa colonial de la ciudad. Para ello se empleó el enfoque cualitativo a través de la revisión documental, así como el levantamiento de información de campo empleando fichas de registro documental, fotográfico, planimétrico y entre otros. De los resultados, se puede mencionar que, en la Basílica Catedral solo existen dos criptas registradas oficialmente, la cual cumplen funciones de sepultura para los clérigos de la orden sacerdotal y guarecen los restos del Inca Garcilaso de la Vega; además se percibe la presencia de arcos, bóvedas de cañón construidas con ladrillo pastelero y en algunos sectores con mampostería de piedra provenientes de canteras Inca, una catacumba estructurada con estrechas galerías y un canal subterráneo. El estado de conservación es adecuado debido a las intervenciones realizadas por la propia iglesia, si bien es cierto se percibe asentamientos y leves deformaciones de las bóvedas, estas son producto de la carga que soporta, propios del tiempo de servicio al que fueron expuestas. Se concluye que las criptas, canal y catacumba, son parte de la estructura de soporte de la Basílica Catedral y que fueron construidas como sepulcro de clérigos, galerías y canal soterrado aún presentes en la actualidad.
I. TRAUMATISMOS OCULARES RELACIONADOS CON EL TRABAJO
Authors: Mieles Velásquez Claudia Patricia
Published: December 2024

El trauma ocular son lesiones causadas por mecanismos contusos o penetrantes en el globo ocular, las estructuras periféricas, causando daño tisular de diverso grado, pueden ser leve, moderado o severo y afectar la visión temporal o permanente.La Organización Internacional del Trabajo (OIT) ha informado que alrededor de 317 millones de personas sufren accidentes de trabajo cada año.Los traumatismos oculares tienen impacto en los trabajadores, en sus familias, el estado y la empresa en la que trabajan, causan bajas laborales, menores ingresos familiares y menor fuerza laboral en las empresas. Según las estadísticas, los jóvenes son el grupo etario más afectados, lo que resulta, reducción de la fuerza laboral en las empresas.Los traumatismos oculares son la causa más común de la deficiencia visual aguda. A pesar de que las normas de seguridad laboral, en los últimos años se ha reportado que la quinta parte de los adultos han tenido un traumatismo ocular en algún momento de su vida. Los hombres son cuatro veces más propensos que las mujeres de sufrir accidentes oculares, y la incidencia es mayor en los jóvenes trabajadores. Esta investigación realizó una búsqueda basada en los criterios de metodología de revisión sistemática exploratoria de estudios realizados sobre traumatismos oculares y trabajo desde el 2019-2023. Se obtuvieron 13.465 estudios, seleccionando 10 artículos, obteniendo estadísticas de casos atendidos en una Institución de Servicios de Salud
A STUDY OF DIABETES MORTALITY AS A PROPORTION OF TOTAL MORTALITY IN EUROPEAN UNION MEMBER STATES
Authors: Koleva Petya , Yaneva Rumyana
Published: December 2024

One of the most common chronic diseases in the WHO European Region is diabetes. Europe has the highest burden of type 1 diabetes in the world. Analysts estimate that by 2045, 1 in 10 people living in the region will have diabetes.The aim of this study is to examine diabetes mortality as a proportion of total mortality in the member states of the European Union, as well as in Norway and Iceland.Methodology: For processing and analysis of the information received, we used the following methods: Documentary method – source of information are the Health Profiles for 2023 of the 27 Member States of the European Union and Norway and Iceland from the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development; Method of system analysis; Comparative-analytical method; Mathematical and statistical method; Graphical analysis – to illustrate the results obtained.
Results: From the study it is clear that the relative share of deaths from diabetes is the highest - 8.2% in Croatia, followed by Cyprus - 6.8% and Malta - 5.8%, and the lowest in Slovakia – 1.1% and with 1.2% are in Belgium, Bulgaria and Finland. The EU average is 2.6%.
Discussion: In 2019, deaths in the European region caused by diabetes were approximately 186,000. The number of deaths due to diabetes is increasing and is expected to double from 2005 to 2030. Despite these alarming figures, approximately 1 in 3 people living with diabetes remain undiagnosed, and approximately half of those diagnosed do not meet their treatment goals.Conclusion: Diabetes is a worldwide disease. An unfavorable trend is that diabetes continues to spread and worsen the quality of life of more and more people. And currently there is no cure for this disease, but medicine is constantly developing and researching new, more effective methods of treatment.Recommendations: Effective management of diabetes requires not only medication, but also psychological support and individual care for each patient. By feeling the sympathy of society, people with diabetes could more easily take control of their health and life.
DEVELOPMENT OF OCCLUSIVE ARTERIAL DISEASSE OF LOWER EXTREMITIES IN PATIENTS WITH DIABETES MELITUS TYPE 2 IN CORRELATION WITH HBA1C LEVEL AND INDPENDENT RISK FACTOR
Authors: Balić Šefkija , Dizdarević-Bostandžić Amela , Jusufović Selma , Šurković Ismana , Karlović-Bešlić Vanja
Published: December 2024

In clinical practice, the development of peripheral artery complications in the lower extremities is a significant issue among patients with type 2 diabetes. The progression of stenotic-occlusive disease can be predicted based on the SCORE risk factor assessment and HbA1c levels. Color Doppler findings are crucial for evaluating hemodynamic flow in the arteries of the lower extremities. Aim: To determine HbA1c levels in patients with stenotic-occlusive disease of the lower extremities, correlate risk factor scores and HbA1c levels in the progression of stenotic-occlusive disease, and assess the significance of elevated HbA1c levels in relation to the clinical grade of stenotic-occlusive disease. Patient and methods: The study included 113 patients with type 2 diabetes (52.1%) and 104 non-diabetic patients (47.9%) as the control group, making a total of 217 participants. Both groups were classified as high-risk due to the presence of independent risk factors such as hyperlipidemia, smoking, obesity, and arterial hypertension. When the cumulative SCORE risk factor for the total group of participants (n=217) was analyzed, the results indicated a high level of risk with statistical significance, p<0.0001.
Results: Patients with predominantly occlusive changes in the type 2 diabetes group had HbA1c values of 8.25%, which was significantly higher compared to those with stenotic changes, whose HbA1c values were 7.3% (p=0.002). According to the SCORE tables, a value >5% indicates high risk for developing cardiovascular disease, while a SCORE value of 7% was identified as a predictor for disease progression in patients with type 2 diabetes, with high significance (p=0.0001). In the non-diabetic group, lower values of peak systolic velocity (PSV) in the superficial femoral artery (p=0.051) were observed. In the type 2 diabetes group, PSV values in the profunda femoral artery were lower (p=0.053), while significantly lower PSV values were recorded in the anterior tibial artery (p=0.008). Occlusive disease of the lower extremity arteries was present in 89.6% of cases in the type 2 diabetes group, with 90 patients affected, which was significantly higher compared to stenotic disease (p<0.0001). Conclusion: Subjects in the DM2T group with dominant occlusive changes had significantly higher HbA1c values ​​compared to the HbA1c group with dominant stenotic changes p<0,002. The risk factor score for the examined group, DM2T, was 7% (SCORE of high cardiovascular risk), and in the control group, non-diabetics, it was 8%, and both groups are high risk. HbA1c can be a predictor for the development of occlusions on the arteries of the lower extremities in subjects with DM2T.4. DM2T group subjects with occlusive changes had high HbA1c values, ≥8.25.
BREAKING STEREOTYPES: WOMEN'S JOURNEY IN MALAYSIA'S LOGISTICS AND TRANSPORT INDUSTRY
Authors: Leap Han Loo
Published: December 2024

This study investigates the involvement of women in Malaysia’s logistics and transport sector, which plays a crucial role in the nation's economic development. It aims to pinpoint obstacles to women’s career advancement, evaluate the potential for increased female participation, and offer recommendations to foster gender equality, thus contributing to a more inclusive workforce in this pivotal industry. The study used a mixed-methods approach, combining a survey of 200 female employees, in-depth interviews with 20 female professionals, and case studies of two female leaders. Quantitative data were analysed statistically, while qualitative data were examined through thematic analysis to provide insights into challenges, opportunities, and strategies for success in the industry. The study identified key barriers for women in the sector, including workplace discrimination, work-life balance challenges, and limited mentorship. However, opportunities are emerging in e-commerce and digital logistics, which offer greater flexibility. Effective policies and support systems can enhance women's participation in the industry. The study also recommends gender-sensitive HR policies and emphasizes promoting women to leadership roles, establishing mentorship programs, and strengthening professional networks to create a more inclusive work environment. This study offers a comprehensive analysis of gender dynamics in Malaysia’s logistics and transport sector, combining global and local perspectives. Through surveys, interviews, and case studies, it explores challenges and opportunities for women, with recommendations to promote gender equality and increase female participation in male-dominated industries.
THE NECESSITY OF IMPLEMENTATION OF TEACHER'S COMPETENCES FOR PEDAGOGICAL WORK WITH CHILDREN WITH SPECIAL EDUCATIONAL NEEDS
Authors: Mušikić Popović Ilinka , Lj. Parlić Božović Jasna , Marković Sanja
Published: December 2024

In modern society, the need for competences is becoming increasingly apparent, both for teachers, pedagogues and for other professions. Teacher competencies are a current topic of pedagogy, because they are trying to research, analyze and reach the most complete, high-quality profile of the teacher, in order to maximally improve his role in the upbringing and education of children and young people. It is necessary to design and modify competencies that would be most suitable for the teacher's work with children with special educational needs. In addition to the theoretical part of the paper, in which we analyzed in more detail the meaning of the concept of teacher competence, the paper also contains an empirical part. In fact, only an extract from a more extensive research is given, which explicitly refers to the pedagogical phenomenon - The necessity of professional development of the competence of teachers for working with children with special needs. The research was conducted on a sample of 170 primary school teachers in the area of ​​Kosovska Mitrovica using the descriptive method and the method of pedagogical theory analysis. From the research techniques, we opted for the survey technique, and from the instruments - a questionnaire for teachers. Based on the conducted research, we can state that the obtained results can be used to draw a series of conclusions about the need to implement the competence of teachers for pedagogical work with children with special educational needs.
ANALYSIS OF THE ROLE AND SIGNIFICANCE OF CONTENT MARKETING IN B2B SECTOR IN THE REPUBLIC OF SERBIA
Authors: Cvetković Filip , Mitić Pavle , Stojanović Miloš , Veličković Anja
Published: December 2024

Content marketing has garnered significant attention with the evolution of digital marketing. Widely prevalent, it is now most prominent on digital channels such as social media, blogs, podcasts, e-books, webinars, case studies, and various other forms. Both B2C (Business-to-Consumer) and B2B (Business-to-Business) markets are expanding, with competition intensifying for market share, striving for continuous dominance. With the development of digital channels, the significance of content marketing is increasingly recognized. The aim of this study is to highlight the importance of content marketing in B2B marketing and provide guidelines on the most effective content in marketing, shedding light on whether specific types of content are particularly significant for certain industries. Empirical research has been conducted, offering insights into the significance of content marketing in the Republic of Serbia within the B2B realm through data collection via surveys and their analysis using independence tests in the SPSS software package. The research results indicate that content marketing is not adequately utilized in the Republic of Serbia's B2B market, leaving room for improvement.
LEGAL ASPECTS OF INVESTOR PROTECTION IN SERBIA
Authors: Petrevska Ljupka
Published: December 2024

Investor protection is a key element in creating a favorable business environment and attracting foreign and domestic investments. This scientific paper analyzes the legal aspects of investor protection in the Republic of Serbia, with special reference to the legislative framework, institutional mechanisms and international agreements that regulate this area. This paper deals with identifying the legal challenges that investors face, as well as the existing mechanisms that ensure their protection. Through the analysis of domestic and international legal frameworks, the goal is to point out the importance of further improvement of legal solutions and strengthening of institutional support for investor protection. The paper further discusses the role of international arbitration in the settlement of investment disputes. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the legal aspects of investor protection in the Republic of Serbia, with a focus on the compliance of domestic legislation with international standards and practices. In this paper we use a legal-analytical methodology, which includes a review of relevant laws, an analysis of institutional mechanisms for investor protection, as well as case studies from court practice and arbitration proceedings. The research results show that, although there is a solid legislative framework, certain legal risks still remain, especially in terms of law enforcement and the protection of investors' rights in practice. Recommendations include further strengthening of institutional support and improvement of transparency in the settlement of investment disputes. The conclusion of the paper emphasizes the need for continuous adjustment of the legal system in order to further improve the protection of investors and ensure a more favorable investment environment in Serbia.
INTERNATIONAL FRANCHISING AS A METHOD OF IMPLEMENTATION AND MARKET POSITIONING OF EXISTING FRANCHISING FORMS
Authors: Miljković Strahinja , Savić Kristina
Published: December 2024

The need for capital for further fertilization, i.e. conquering new markets through minimal investments, can be realized through franchising as a specific investment method of contractual business. The use of a successful business method, reduced investment risks and independence in business are the determining reasons for joining the franchising network by a potential franchisee. Franchising provides the franchisor with the opportunity to expand its business to the target market with minimal investments and minimal investment risks, until the franchisee, by joining the franchising network, uses all the benefits and advantages in practice of a successfully developed business system that is recognized by potential consumers as business that is characterized by a built image and brand. One of the methods that the franchisor uses to conquer a new market with minimal investments and minimal investment risks, and with the expected profit, is international franchising. International franchising is a distribution technique that contractually integrates a distribution system instead of a chain of ownership managed from a single center. International franchising does not represent a special form of franchising business, but rather a method through which the franchisor realizes the expansion of franchising business on the international market. Regardless of the form in which franchising appears (goods, services, production, etc.) on the international market, it can be realized through various methods that enable and provide international franchising, all in accordance with the needs, specifics and requirements of the target market. Modalities of realization of international franchising are achieved through: 1) master franchising; 2) direct franchising; 3) area development agreements and 4) joint venture.
SERVICE ORIENTATION AS A DRIVER OF ENGAGEMENT AND JOB SATISFACTION: INSIGHTS FROM SERBIAN HOTEL EMPLOYEES
Authors: Cimbaljević Marija , Demirović Bajrami Dunja , Lakić Milica , Popović Dragana , Jovović Jelena
Published: December 2024

The study investigates the relationships between service orientation, job engagement, and job satisfaction among hotel employees in Serbia. The research surveyed 244 employees across hotels of varying categorization levels, employing quantitative methods using AMOS software. Results reveal a significant positive influence of service orientation on job engagement, which in turn positively impacts job satisfaction. The study also explores the direct effect of service orientation on satisfaction and its indirect influence mediated by engagement. Findings highlight partial mediation, underscoring engagement's critical role in linking service orientation to satisfaction. Furthermore, significant differences were observed between employees with tourism-related education and those from other backgrounds in terms of these three variables. The research underscores the importance of fostering service-oriented practices to enhance employee satisfaction and engagement, which are essential for delivering high-quality services. The study concludes with recommendations for future research and practical implications for human resource strategies in the hospitality sector. By addressing the interplay of these variables, this study contributes to understanding how employee-centric practices can drive organizational success in competitive tourism markets. Limitations and prospects for comparative studies across different economic contexts are also discussed.
DIGITAL TRANSFORMATIONS SHAPING SME INTERNATIONALIZATION - SERBIAN CASE
Authors: Deđanski Stevica , Jevtić Boris , Grozdanić Radmila
Published: December 2024

The challenges of achieving sustainable development for SMEs in the digital era highlight the need to address both technological and strategic aspects of growth. Recognizing this, the authors reviewed literature and policies, focusing on how firm digitalization and internationalization within Serbia's digital ecosystem can drive innovation in operations, products, and market communication to support SME internationalization. Given that SMEs constitute 99% of Serbia’s enterprises, their sustainable development is crucial. To investigate this, data were gathered from 417 small and medium-sized enterprise executives online between March and June 2024, supported by the Association of Employers of Serbia. The study analyzed 18 predefined statements using a quintile rating scale and utilized correlation methods to evaluate the impact of digitalization, the digital ecosystem, and internationalization. Key findings reveal that SME digitization (R² = 0.6658) and digital ecosystem factors (R² = 0.2292) exert considerable influence on internationalization. However, the effectiveness of national regulations is constrained by issues in implementation and enforcement. These insights emphasize the importance of embedding digital technologies into SMEs' innovation policies and international strategies to enhance their competitiveness in global markets. This work enriches the academic field by drawing attention to areas for improvement, such as niche marketing, global-born strategies, and digital framework policies, which are essential for strengthening SME export performance. It also advances theoretical discussions on corporate activism, social narratives, and disruptive technologies while addressing gaps in SME internationalization strategies.
EUROPEAN UNION’S PRACTICE TURN IN “GREEN” POLICIES IN THE WESTERN BALKANS ACCESSION NEGOTIATIONS
Authors: Đurčević Cucić Miljana
Published: December 2024

The European Union’s (EU) diplomatic practice stands out as a unique and distinct approach, setting it apart from other diplomatic practices. Putting the European Green Deal at the center of the whole-of-government approach and steering the EU into accelerating the implementation of Agenda 2030 makes this distinction even more realistic. This paper aims to delve into its core aspect, particularly its role in elevating “green” policies to the forefront of the accession negotiations with the Western Balkans (WB). This research, utilizing the theory of practice approach, describes the recent "turn" in EU policies and investigates if the EU is a true and innovative leader on this topic in the Western Balkans (WB). In this context, the first concern is whether the WB truly acknowledges the EU as a crucial leader to follow in transforming green policies. The second concern is whether the EU is guiding and directing the WB through the accession negotiations to become sustainable and greener, intending to achieve a shared goal. Based on the research evidence, the paper situates the EU strategically in the regional landscape by scrutinizing the tangible aspects of its leadership through the lens of the modes of leadership theory. As a result, this paper elucidates how and why the EU is diplomatically leading the green transformation through WB accession negotiations, and it considers the potential success of the 2050 climate-neutral European continent. Establishing regional and international practices in green policies significantly contributes to the EU’s position in the global order, and recognizing the EU as a leader underscores its unique diplomatic nature.
TurkishLex:Development of a Context-Aware Spell Checker for Detecting and Correcting Spelling Errors in Turkish Texts
Authors: Savci Pinar , Daş Bihter
Published: December 2024

In Turkish, correct spelling correction is crucial for effective communication and preserving the integrity of written text. The challenge lies in the complexity of Turkish morphology and spelling, which can lead to frequent and diverse spelling errors. This study presents a spelling checker adapted for Turkish by creating a new Turkish dataset. The proposed spelling checker model effectively captures both minor and major textual changes and can detect the error. Our findings show that the proposed spelling checker system provides high accuracy and reliability with 98.21% accuracy performance with the Symspell module in correcting Turkish texts. This study provides valuable information about the strengths and weaknesses of existing spelling checkers and contributes to the improvement of spelling correction tools for Turkish.
Principios bioéticos de la I+D+i en el ámbito universitario
Authors: Vidarte Llaja Annie Mariella , Cortez-Vidal Marilia Sibele , Dávila-Ramón Abraham Eliseo
Published: December 2024

El objetivo de este estudio es identificar los principios bioéticos que se aplican en las actividades de investigación, desarrollo experimental e innovación (I+D+i) en el ámbito universitario, considerando, principalmente, las áreas de conocimiento de la ingeniería. Para tal fin, se realizó un mapeo sistemático de la literatura (MSL), empleando cuatro bases de datos digitales y tres preguntas de investigación: (i) ¿cuáles son los principios bioéticos considerados en la I+D+i en el ámbito universitario?, (ii) ¿cuáles son las principales contribuciones a la I+D+i en el ámbito universitario? y, (iii) ¿qué dominios de aplicación cubren la I+D+i en el ámbito universitario? En el MSL se obtuvieron 1081 artículos en las bases de datos, en el período 2000-2022, y luego se seleccionaron 34 estudios primarios. De los estudios primarios, el 38% refieren la aplicación de principios bioéticos en la investigación, desde las perspectivas de UNESCO, la práctica biomédica, el principialismo y la integridad científica. Se concluye que, en el ámbito universitario se aplican variados principios bioéticos que, partiendo de diversos enfoques, se pueden asociar a las corrientes bioéticas del personalismo y principialismo.
Pengaruh Model Cooperative Tipe Picture And Picture Terhadap Keterampilan Menulis Permulaan Pada Peserta Didik Kelas II Sd Negeri 6 Parittiga
Authors: Putri Yani  , Nurjanah  , Silvio Juliana Nabela
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh beberapa permasalahan yaitu kurangnya keterampilan menulis peserta didik terhadap menulis permulaan dalam membedakan huruf satu dengan huruf lainnya sehingga mengalami kesalahan secara berulang-ulang, dan kurangnya penggunaan model bervariasi dalam pembelajaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh model cooperative tipe picture and picture terhadap keterampilan menulis permulaan pada peserta didik kelas II SD Negeri 6 Parittiga. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode Pre-Experimental Design dengan One-Group Pretest-Posttest Design. Teknik penggunaan sampel yang digunakan adalah sampling jenuh. Sampel penelitian yaitu peserta didik kelas II SD Negeri 6 Parittiga sebanyak 25 peserta didik. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan tes. Teknik analisis data menggunakan uji normalitas dan uji hipotesis t-test paired-samples t-test. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa data dalam uji normalitas menggunakan Shapiro Wilk memperoleh data pretest 0,102 dan posttest 0,088 yang lebih besar dari 0,05 sehingga data bisa diartikan berdistribusi normal. Dalam uji hipotesis diperoleh nilai rata-rata pretest dan posttest 65.20 dan 88.00. Uji hipotesis diperoleh dari uji Paired Sampel Test dengan nilai 0,000 < 0,05. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa Ha terdapat pengaruh dan H0 tidak terdapat pengaruh artinya terdapat pengaruh model cooperative tipe picture and picture terhadap keterampilan menulis permulaan pada peserta didik kelas II SD Negeri 6 Parittiga.
CONTRIBUIÇÕES DO FARMACÊUTICO NA PROMOÇÃO DA SEGURANÇA DO PACIENTE NO ÂMBITO HOSPITALAR
Authors: Bernardo Oliveira Daniely , Guilherme Ferreira Marques Galvão José , Islene Holanda Moreira Carla , de Oliveira Nóbrega Rafaela
Published: December 2024

Introdução: A segurança do paciente é um pilar fundamental da assistência à saúde, e a prevenção de erros de medicação destaca-se como um componente crucial para alcançar esse objetivo. O farmacêutico, com sua expertise em medicamentos, desempenha um papel vital na promoção da segurança do paciente, atuando na análise de prescrições, na farmacovigilância, na educação em saúde e na intervenção farmacêutica. Objetivo: Analisar as evidências científicas sobre a importância da atuação do farmacêutico na segurança do paciente em ambiente hospitalar, com foco na prevenção e minimização de erros de medicação. Metodologia: Foi realizada uma revisão integrativa da literatura, com busca nas bases de dados Scielo, Medline e Lilacs, utilizando os descritores: Qualidade da Assistência à Saúde; Segurança do Paciente e Serviço de Farmácia Hospitalar. Foram incluídos artigos publicados entre 2018 e 2024, nos idiomas português e inglês, que abordaram o tema em questão. Resultados: Os estudos incluídos na revisão evidenciaram que a atuação do farmacêutico contribui significativamente para a segurança do paciente, por meio da análise crítica de prescrições, identificação e prevenção de erros de medicação, monitoramento de reações adversas e educação em saúde. A intervenção farmacêutica demonstrou impacto positivo na redução de erros e na otimização da farmacoterapia. Considerações finais: O farmacêutico destaca-se como um profissional essencial na equipe multidisciplinar, atuando ativamente na promoção da segurança do paciente e na melhoria da qualidade da assistência em ambiente hospitalar. É fundamental que os hospitais invistam na integração do farmacêutico à equipe e no desenvolvimento de serviços farmacêuticos que priorizem a segurança do paciente.

Palavras-chave: Qualidade da Assistência à Saúde; Segurança do Paciente e Serviço de Farmácia Hospitalar.
Comparative evaluation of the reproductive capacity of male goats in feedlot
Authors: Cordeiro da Silva Emanuel , Da Silva Fontain Eduarda
Published: December 2024

The present work was carried out based on data and zootechnical records from a goat and sheep property in the city of Belo Jardim, Agreste of Pernambuco. With information on three male goats, data were obtained on the pregnant females and those that carried the pregnancy to term, in addition to live births and stillbirths. Based on this data, the Chi-square statistical analysis and Fisher's test were used to verify the reproductive efficiency of the male goat on the reproductive indices of the females, using the Systat 13 software. The results showed no significant differences between the evaluated males concerning their service capacity, according to the records of a breeding season during the years 2021, 2022, and 2023. This allowed the determination of the percentage of reproductive indices for each male and, with this, to proceed with selecting the most viable breeder for the herd or, if necessary, proceed with disposal. On the other hand, the equal environmental conditions for the males determined that only one showed significant results concerning the reproductive indices of the females. Meanwhile, significant differences were observed between the males during the breeding seasons of 2021 and 2023, but there was a significant effect among the males in the 2022 breeding season (P<0.05). Concluding that the evaluation of reproductive capacity and reproductive indices are important tools in the selection of breeding males.