bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
What is the better investment rule for investing in the financial markets – NPV or IRR? Why? Are there alternatives we should consider instead?
Authors: Lin Jingxuan
Published: March 2023

Based on the principal reasons behind economic problems, investors are forced to make decisions in order to ration out investments based on rules.
A review of research on ambidextrous innovation
Authors: Chen Juan
Published: March 2023

Nowadays, with the rapid development of science and technology, continuous innovation is the basis for enterprises to maintain their vitality, and ambidextrous innovation is a hot topic of enterprise innovation. At present, there is abundant research on ambidextrous innovation at home and abroad. Based on the existing research on ambidextrous innovation, this paper sorts out the relevant literature on the concept, influence mechanism, interaction process, and effect results of ambidextrous innovation, finds out the problems of exploring the theme and single method of ambidextrous innovation research and summarizes and looks forward to the research on ambidextrous innovation.
A Newsboy Model for Cross-Selling Products with Demand Impacted by Price
Authors: Chen Jie , Yang Wen
Published: March 2023

Cross-selling refers to the fact that customers may purchase another product related to them while purchasing one product, or the loss of sales opportunities for another product due to the shortage of one product. Considering the impact of price and cross-selling products on demand, the newsboy problem in the centralized decision-making environment is studied. In the centralized decision-making environment, consider a single retailer, pay attention to the sum of expected returns of all products, and propose the first-order necessary condition for the existence of the maximum value of the return function, which provides the basis for retailers to make decision-making strategies.
Reasonable Conjecture and Demonstration of Fama-French Model and Its Applications in Australia and US
Authors: Liu Zhibo
Published: March 2023

Fama-French three-factors model and Fama-French five-factors model have been considered as significant models for calculating stock returns and estimating potential risk events. However, as Fama and French did in 2015, one reasonable conjecture has been come up with: Is there any extra factors could be added into the Fama-French five factors model? This paper raises a reasonable conjecture about the number of factors in Fama-French model and use the method of data analysis process with R software. Then this paper prove that the Fama-French five-factors model is still the most reliable to estimate the returns of portfolios currently based on the statistical data summaries. Besides, this paper also talks about the application and applicability of Fama-French models in Australia and US with some real cases and data analysis process. The result of this study shows that the applicability of Fama-French models is confirmed in both Australia and US. So the investors in Australia and US could use Fama-French models to estimate their expected return for some specific candidate projects and choose the best one to make investment based on the analysis results.
Research on the Investment Value of Bond Analysis based on Linear Regression Model
Authors: Chen Haoze
Published: March 2023

The research background of this paper is the linear regression analysis of bond market based on the study of econometrics. In order to achieve this goal, the author will conduct linear regression analysis through online bond fund data to determine the relationship between each data and ROE. The result of this study is the ratio of return on assets to individual data. The purpose of this study is to give consumers an advantage in choosing funds after analysis. To be able to know the relationship between the various data and then make a choice about the fund. Due to the quality differences of the bond funds, operation philosophy, team professional level and capital, the face of bond funds may encounter various risks in the process of investment. Investors should treat it seriously. Before investing risk, using various methods and means. The analysis of various risk investment can bring, finding the causes of risks, and then the principle of risk management and strategy. Use all kinds of skills and means to avoid risks, transfer risks, reduce risk losses, and strive to obtain the maximum profit.
An Analysis of Xiaomi Smartphones' Online Marketing Branding Strategy Using the Brand Equity Model
Authors: Wang Weida
Published: March 2023

The Chinese smartphone market has entered a white-hot phase over the past decade, with fewer and fewer new manufacturers stepping into the smartphone market to compete. As of Q2 2022, Samsung, Apple and Xiaomi are the top three mobile brands in the world in terms of supply. The author selected the brand equity model to measure Xiaomi's online brand marketing strategy as the research question, examines how Xiaomi has managed to make its own brand amid-st the technological barriers of its competitors. Its successful online brand marketing theory can be a useful reference for similar companies and brands that need online brand building. The author uses questionnaires, literature research, case studies and induction to analyse Xiaomi's unique online brand marketing. The conclusion is that Xiaomi has built up high brand equity in its online marketing and used the fan economy, the Netflix effect to increase customer stickiness and high brand influence.
The Nexus between Population Structure, Debt Ratio, Unemployment, and Leadership Election in Aging Countries
Authors: Deng Ziyou
Published: March 2023

For the past decades, aging of population has been a growing concern for many countries, imposing downward pressure on consumption, production, and population growth. Meanwhile, voters in aging countries, influenced by socioeconomic conditions like higher age dependency ratio, rising unemployment rate, constant inflow of immigration and lower fertility rate, might have specific preferences for the corresponding policy targets purposed by the leadership election candidates and might further affect the economic and immigration policies implemented by the new governments after elections. With the investigation of how the preferences of the voters for economic and immigration policies, sharped by the socioeconomic conditions, affect the implementation of the corresponding policies after leadership elections, candidates of these elections might be capable of gaining more support from voters by modifying their election platform, accordingly. In this study, three multinomial logistic models are conducted with government expenditure, taxation, and immigration policies set as dummy dependent variables, separately. And the results imply that, in aging countries, a high level of unemployment tends to induce the new governments to impose more stringent immigration policy and reduce taxation, while the possibility of a decrease of government expenditure would be higher. However, for countries with higher population growth, the new governments would be more likely to implement a tax increase.
The Effectiveness of the Fiscal Policies Issued by the Chinese Government on the New Energy Vehicle Industry
Authors: Liu Ruoqi , Wu Bing
Published: March 2023

The development of alternative energy vehicles is a successful way to encourage energy saving and emission reduction. The renewable energy transportation sector is a vital growing industry in China. As energy and environmental issues become more serious today, vigorously developing alternative energy vehicles is an efficient strategy to address these issues. This paper focuses on the impact of China's fiscal policy on the development of alternative energy vehicles. In this study, we inquire about the fiscal policies enacted by the Chinese government for new energy vehicles. The effectiveness of the fiscal policy is reflected by studying and comparing the revenue growth as well as the sales of new energy vehicles under each brand of two different car brands: BYD and NIO. Another aspect of this study is to examine whether the introduction of new energy vehicles by the Chinese government has a negative impact on traditional vehicles by comparing the sales of the two models of GM Wuling.
Using the Nasdaq Index to Predict AAPL Price by Linear Regression Analysis
Authors: Jin Junqi , Ma Haochen
Published: March 2023

In this project, we want to predict AAPL’s stock price by the NASDAQ index by the regression model. The dependent variable is AAPL’s stock price, and the independent variable is the NASDAQ index. First, we do some descriptive statistics for the two variables and measure the distribution from the central tendency, variation tendency, and distribution to acknowledge the character of distributions. Based on the strong linear relationship between AAPL stock price and the NASDAQ index, we constructed a simple linear regression model. Considering the scale of the two variables, we tried the other three models with log transformation. And then, it shows that the log-log model has the best performance. However, in the residual analysis of the log-log model, it shows an autocorrelation in the residual, then we generate a new variable that is the one-order term for AAPL and add it into the model, and it surprisingly performs very well, whose R square is up to 99.72%. Therefore, we think combining the linear relationship with the market and the autocorrelation itself can construct a good model, and it can apply to predict much other stock's prices in the market.
Preface: 6th International Conference on Financial Management, Education and Social Science (FMESS 2023)
Authors: Peacock Theodore , Mai Huibin
Published: March 2023

2023 6th International Conference on Financial Management, Education and Social Science (FMESS 2023) aims to impart research skills to the researchers and faculty members to improve the quality of research in the area of financial management and education application. This conference brought a positive transformation among the students and faculty members towards research work and enable the participants to develop competence in understanding the advances and ongoing research.

FMESS 2023 was held in Paris, France during January 7-8, 2023 in virtual mode. The purpose of the conference is to bring together the multi - disciplinary community to discuss recent trends and future developments. The conference features invited and contributed talks organized in different sessions.

Around 70 papers were received for the conference, out of which 36 papers were selected for presentation. The papers were presented in 4 parallel sessions in 2 days. A time of 10-15 minutes was given to the authors for presentation and next 5-10 minutes was for the discussion as well as Q&A. Participants were presenting from their homes/offices and spread throughout the country and abroad as well.

The organizing committee thanks the keynote speakers for their valuable, encouraging and motivating messages for this conference. The committee also thanks the authors and reviewers for the inspiring messages for the conference.

FMESS 2023 Organizing Committees

Paris, France
Implementation of Naive Bayes Method in Classification of Breast Cancer Disease
Authors: Alamsyah  , Prasetyo Eko , Prasetyo R Dimas
Published: March 2023

Less knowledge of early symptoms of breast cancer and how to deal with it early and the number of specialist doctorswho are still limited is one factor contributors because of the increasing number of people affected by breast cancerdisease. The development of breast cancer disease classification system aims to predict the early diagnosis of breastcancer disease in users or patients into two categories of malignant or benign. The initial diagnoses of this systemprediction variable include Clump Thickness, Uniformity of Cell Size, Uniformity of Cell Shape, Marginal Adhesion,Single Epithelial Cell Size (Single Epithelial Cell) Size), Bare nuclei, Bland Chromatin, Normal nucleoli, Mitosis Usingthe naive bayes method to process diagnostic data in patients, the results of this system test show that the system isable to predict and classify breast cancer disease into two categories (malignant or benign) with the amount of datatesting of 500 data. With the output of malignant or YA and benign or NO, the system is able to predict with an accuracyvalue of 98%.
Omnet Sales Digital Protection with Box Jenkins and Delphi Method (case Study: PT Media Virtual Indonesia)
Authors: Tullah Sarif Hidayat
Published: March 2023

To be able to develop sales turnover digital newspaper Jawa Pos, PT. Media Virtual Indonesia requires an appforecasting a sales turnover. The method used in forecasting the quantitative turnover using ARIMA method (BoxJenkins) while for forecasting the skin using Delphi method. The results showed ARIMA AR method became an optionbecause it has the smallest MSE error that is ARIMA AR 3525.36963, ARIMA MA 3803.33228, while ARIMA ARMA4176.79443. While with the Delphi method, the main problem is the increase in selling power of Digital Java Posnewspaper, while the results obtained at each stage is Phase 1: Which region will be the concentration of sales:Bandung City with points 7. Stage 2 How to introduce the product to the surrounding community? : Held a LocalEvent.
Decision Support System for New Employee Placement on An Office Department by Using Saw Fuzzy (case Study: CV.Kencana Abadi)
Authors: Rahayu Indah Sri , Alim Syariful , Zainal Rifki Fahrial
Published: March 2023

CV. KENCANA ABADI is a company engage for sale Castrol Oil in which there are several departments of HRD,accounting, finance & tax (tax), lubricant general manager and IT. During this time to determine the placement ofnew employees to the appropriate department still using the manual system. So needed a system needs that can be adecision support system for placement of new employees to appropriate departments that help the HRD and GA inorder to decide the right position placement for new employees. The model used in this decision support system isFuzzy Multiple Attribute Decision Making (FMADM). This SAW method is chosen because it determines the weightvalue for each attribute, followed by a ranking process that will select the best alternative from a number ofalternatives. Based on the results of testing HRD departments are eligible received Fajar Ferdhina, the test resultsof the Finance department, Accounting, Tax Budi Setyawan eligible, the results of testing IT departments eligibleGatot Nugroho, and the results of testing department Lubrican General Manager eligible Imelda Oktavia F.
The GOLDEN FORMULA of Persuasion Via Rhetoric in Dale Carnegie’s How to Win Friends and Influence People: A Case Study
Authors: Mahmoud Reem , Attia Mona , Alarousy Nahwat
Published: March 2023

Abstract
  The genre, self-help books, has always attracted the attention of the public reader through its unique persuasive language and its creatively employed Rhetoric. Over the past four decades, self- help books industry greatly flourished and became the world's bestselling genre in a limited time. People are always searching for quick and efficient solutions for most of their life problems. Self-help books promise to provide solutions for probably most of our life problems—worry problems, relationship problems, failures in carriers, curing bad personal traits and even fail at love (Dolby, 2005, p.4). This study embarks on how some specific persuasive rhetorical devices when creatively employed in the self-help text type can generate an outstanding persuasive effect. Self-help text-type is loaded with a bundle of creatively employed rhetorical devices that largely participated in making the self-help book genre a lifetime bestseller. Hence, drawing on Cockcroft and Cockcroft’s (2005) taxonomy for schematic and syntactic rhetorical devices, and Mulholland’s (2005) taxonomy for rhetorical persuasive tactics, the current study investigates the common linguistic features in Dale Carnegie's bestselling self-help book How to win friends and influence people (2010), represented in both schematic and syntactic rhetorical devices. This investigation aims to show how the employed rhetorical devices succeeded in generating an outstanding persuasive effect through addressing the readers’ logical, ethical, and emotional appeal—i.e. the Aristotelian persuasion modes: Logos, Ethos, and Pathos. The analysis of this study yields some significant findings, most important of which are the excessive implementation of some persuasive tactics like ‘Repetition’, ‘Questioning’ and ‘Rhetorical questions’, and ‘Antithesis’, and the merging of various rhetorical devices. In addition, the study reveals the creative narrative format of ‘Storytelling’ and provides novel academic naming for the specific types of ‘Rhetorical questions’, ‘Exemplification’ and ‘Storytelling’ employed in self-help text-type.
A Thematic-Role-Based Approach for Word Sense Disambiguation
Authors: Frere Lamiaa
Published: March 2023

The present paper investigates the thematic roles that can be developed for the purpose of Word Sense Disambiguation. In MT systems and electronic word databases, thematic role relations are not clearly included among other semantic relations. Identifying thematic roles of predicates helps in disambiguating word senses and hence producing more accurate translation. For instance, the meaning of the verb ‘eat’ differs depending on the thematic roles it assigns for its Subject and Object. When it assigns an animate Agent for its Subject and food Patient for its Object, it means ‘take in solid food’. However, when it assigns Force for its Subject and metal Theme for its Object, it means ‘cause to deteriorate due to the action of water, air or an acid’. Accordingly, different translations are produced in each context. Selectional restrictions are also tackled in the analysis of the sample verbs. The implementation is made on three MT systems: Al Wafi, Sakhr and Google. They all produce incorrect translations of the sample verbs. A suggested translation is proposed for each verb after analyzing its thematic roles and selectional restrictions. In this way, the present paper is significant since it helps in improving the performance of MT systems. The present paper will focus only on a group of English verbs that convey a variety of meanings. It will show a number of problematic cases in translation that occur due to the lack of thematic roles in the core of the system. After developing thematic roles, it is expected that such cases will be disambiguated.
Antigone's Law: A Contemporary Dramatic Egyptian Version
Authors: Saad Mansour Dalia
Published: March 2023

In the context of the adapted literary works, I watched a distinguished dramatic performance entitled Antigone's Law - a version of the ancient Greek Sophoclean play Antigone. The dramatic performance is the graduation project of a student at The American University in Cairo. The student acts with her colleagues in this dramatic performance directed by Dr. Dina Amin - the theatre professor at the American University in Cairo. The performance could be considered an Egyptian version rather than a literal adaptation as it embeds so many layers of meanings and different sociological dimensions that reflect the current Egyptian society.
The carbon footprint cost of travel to Canadian Urological Association conferences
Authors: Vanin Moreno Nicolas M. , Paco Charles , Touma Naji
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Canadian Urological Association (CUA) conferences are held annually across Canada. Guests from across the world attended, contributing to the overall carbon footprint of the conference with their travel and accommodations. This study identified the carbon footprint of each of the 2016 (Vancouver), 2018 (Halifax), and 2019 (Quebec City) CUA conferences to investigate their carbon footprint and help determine the most eco-friendly location to hold future conferences.
Methods: Registrant home institution was used to estimate the distance and method of transportation of attendee travel. Carbon footprint was calculated using an online calculator in tons of CO2 equivalents (tCO2). Total attendees, number of attendees driving, number of attendees flying, mean distance travelled per attendee, total carbon footprint, and average carbon footprint per attendee were calculated for each conference. Mean carbon footprint, and mean distance travelled were compared using a Brown-Forsythe ANOVA test, with Dunnett’s T3 multiple comparisons test (α=0.05).
Results: Vancouver had the largest number of attendees (n=473; 407 flying, 66 driving), followed by Halifax (n=382; 331 flying, 51 driving), and Quebec City (n=362; 265 flying, 97 driving). The mean distance attendees travelled was greatest for the Vancouver CUA (6041 km/roundtrip) compared to Quebec City (3096 km/roundtrip, p<0.0001) and Halifax (2985 km/roundtrip, p<0.0001). There was no difference in mean distance travelled between Halifax and Quebec City (p=0.95). The highest total carbon footprint was seen in Vancouver (tCO2=447.76), followed by Quebec City (tCO2=217.04) and Halifax (tCO2=182.22). The average footprint per attendee was significantly higher in Vancouver (mean tCO2=1.08) compared to both Quebec City (mean tCO2=0.62, p<0.0001) and Halifax (mean tCO2=0.52, p<0.0001). There was no difference in the average footprint between Halifax and Quebec City (p=0.63).
Conclusions: The estimated emissions associated with the Vancouver CUA conference is greater than both the Halifax and Quebec City locations combined. In-person conferences provide several benefits to the urological community. Incorporating environmental considerations into conference planning, such as conference location, could reduce the CUA conference’s overall carbon footprint, mitigating the contribution to rising temperatures and negative health outcomes.
Aceitação da carne de coelho no IFC – Camboriú
Authors: Bértoli Cláudia Damo , Neves Flávia Arisa Arakaki , De Arruda Athos Henrique , Afonso Cristiane Alves , De Mendonça William Santiago , Sbardelotto Gabriel
Published: March 2023

Avaliação da aceitação do consumo da carne de coelho no Instituto Federal Catarinense Campus Camboriú (IFC-Camboriú) visando integrá-la ao cardápio do refeitório da instituição. Análise da pré-disposição ao consumo da carne de coelho produzida no IFC-Camboriú e a intenção de continuidade do consumo. Foram utilizados questionários de pesquisa na entrada e na saída do refeitório nos dias de oferta de carne de coelho no refeitório. Foram entrevistados aproximadamente 570 indivíduos, entre alunos, técnicos administrativos, professores, e servidores terceirizados, totalizando 20% dos usuários do refeitório. O resultado sugere ampla aceitação e recomenda a inclusão periódica desta porção proteica nas refeições servidas.
Graph theory methods for fog computing: A pseudo-random task graph model for evaluating mobile cloud, fog and edge computing systems
Authors: Ryabko Andriy V. , Zaika Oksana V. , Kukharchuk Roman P. , Vakaliuk Tetiana A.
Published: March 2023

The development and efficient application of Fog Computing technologies necessitate complex tasks associated with the management and processing of large data sets, including the creation of low-level networks that guarantee the functioning of end devices within the Internet of Things (IoT) concept. This article presents the utilization of graph theory techniques to address these issues. The proposed graph model enables the determination of fundamental characteristics of systems, networks, and network devices in Fog Computing, including optimal features and methods to maintain them in a functioning condition. This work demonstrates how to create and personalize graph displays by adding labels or highlighting to the graph nodes and edges of pseudo-random task graphs. The task graphs, described and visualized in Matlab code, represent the computational work to perform and data transfer between tasks, expressed in Megacycles per second and kilobits/kilobytes of data, respectively. The task graphs can be applied in both single-user systems, where one mobile device accesses a remote server, and multi-user systems, where many users access a remote server through a wireless channel. This set can be utilized by researchers to evaluate cloud/fog/edge computing systems and computational offloading algorithms.
Non-contact photoplethysmographic sensors for monitoring students' cardiovascular system functional state in an IoT system
Authors: Nikitchuk Tetiana M. , Vakaliuk Tetiana A. , Chernysh Oksana A. , Korenivska Oksana L. , Martseva Liudmyla A. , Osadchyi Viacheslav V.
Published: March 2023

This article explores the technical feasibility of a hardware complex that employs photoplethysmographic sensors to measure the parameters of students' cardiovascular system functional state. The method of photoplethysmography utilizes non-contact sensors, which eliminate circulatory disorders caused by artery compression and enable the calculation of oxygen saturation via the pulse wave. The proposed hardware consists of several optocouplers arranged in series, parallel, or parallel-series configurations, with the mode of operation controlled by the intensity of the received pulse wave signal, depending on the individual's body constitution. The edge device hardware is a component of an Internet of Things (IoT) system that includes another edge device, which instantaneously transmits data to a database on the edge server for further processing and storage.
An Inventory Model for an Item with Weibull Deterioration and With Exponentially Declining Demand
Authors: Verma Ms. Mini
Published: March 2023

This review proposes an EOQ inventory numerical model for deteriorating items with dramatically diminishing interest. In the model, the deficiencies are permitted and to some extent put in a rain check for. The accumulating rate is variable and ward on the hanging tight an ideal opportunity for the following recharging. Further, we show that the limited target cost work is together arched and infer the ideal arrangement. A mathematical model is introduced to outline the model and the affectability examination is additionally considered.
Some Difficulties in Learning Speaking of English Majored Freshmen at Tay Do University, In Vietnam
Authors:   Tay Do University, Vietnam, Thuy Hang Nguyen Thi , Uyen Phan Thi Minh ,   Tay Do University, Vietnam, Uyen Ho Thi Le ,   Tay Do University, Vietnam
Published: March 2023

“Some difficulties in learning speaking of English majored freshmen at Tay Do University” is performed to the purpose of this study help student recognize their problem in speaking English. The participants of this study are the English majored freshmen course 13 (2018-2022) from Bachelor of English class at Tay Do University. The instruments are used in this study are questionnaire and interview. The researcher will collect student’s’ information through questionnaire and paper interview question. The expected outcomes will show the difficulties in learning speaking of English-majored freshmen at Tay Do University.
La ética del control de la contaminación ambiental automotriz en el Ecuador
Authors: Franco Intriago Mario Efrén , Loor Moncayo Sidney Alejandra
Published: March 2023

En un aspecto global se evidencia un incremento en la contaminación del medio ambiente, siendo una de las más destacables causas: los vehículos. Estos al ser uno de los medios de transportes más comunes por ser efectivos para la movilidad, a su vez, generan efectos negativos en el entorno mediante la liberación de distintas cantidades de dióxido de carbono y uso de los derivados del petróleo para su funcionamiento. El objetivo de esta investigación es determinar la ética en el control de la contaminación del parque automotor en el Ecuador. Aplicando una metodología cualitativa mediante la revisión bibliográfica de distintas fuentes. El resultado principal es que la contaminación vehicular está cada vez empeorando más al punto de poner en peligro al medio ambiente y a su vez al ser humano. Los entes reguladores de la contaminación deben poner más énfasis en cumplir con las disposiciones, normas o reglamentos que estén vigentes en el Ecuador. En conclusión, la contaminación sobre la industria automotriz es uno de los mayores problemas a nivel mundial por los diferentes factores que conlleva la creación y utilización de un vehículo, sin embargo, es un mal necesario en la vida cotidiana del ser humano que puede ser reemplazado por otras alternativas no tan dañinas. La ética ambiental hace hincapié en el cuidado del medio ambiente debido a que aparte del ser humano existen otros seres vivos habitando en el planeta tierra.
Keynes y la crisis financiera de 1929, panorama de la Gran Depresión
Authors: Preciado Ramírez Joffre Danny , Bravo Bravo Idilia Fernanda
Published: March 2023

El siguiente trabajo es un ensayo que expone sobre la Gran Depresión (crisis del 1929) y la teoría que propuso Keynes con el objetivo de comprender y dar a conocer tres temas destacables del libro “De Keynes a Keynes. La Crisis Económica Global, En Perspectiva Histórica” realizado por el autor Federico Novelo Urdanivia; donde el primer tema expuesto abarca todo tipo de información sobre la Gran Depresión: su surgimiento, antecedentes, efectos que trajo consigo y cómo se vio perjudicada la economía mundial por la antes mencionada crisis financiera; el segundo tema es protagonizado por el economista John Maynard Keynes, donde se explica su análisis respecto a la economía durante la Gran Depresión y como a raíz de esta fundó la teoría keynesiana, pionera de la macroeconomía; y en el último tema se menciona el regreso de Keynes, a pesar de que su teoría fuera muy criticada, él regresó con aportaciones superiores y nuevos términos económicos, como la escasez y demanda agregada, que ayudaron a afrontar la crisis económica por la que se estaba pasando en ese entonces. El ensayo culmina con sus respectivas conclusiones, destacando que, la teoría de Keynes fue muy apta para afrontar la crisis financiera del momento, ya que, sus propuestas se volvieron muy útiles con la finalidad de atender varias formas en las que estas se presentan ante una crisis económica, y al dar poder a las instituciones financieras, esta teoría fue y sigue siendo uno de las más estudiadas en economía
Factores limitantes del crecimiento económico en las PYMES de Quinindé
Authors: Hurtado Guevara Richard Fernando , Pinargote Pinargote Henrry Marcelino
Published: March 2023

Dado que aumentan significativamente el empleo, las micro, pequeñas y medianas empresas son cruciales para el crecimiento económico de una nación. En Ecuador, el 75% de las PYMES generan empleo y el 37% son parte del sistema económico. En el Cantón Quinindé existen 1.983 organizaciones que apoyan el crecimiento poblacional, representando el 75% de toda la actividad productiva. Sin embargo, su desarrollo se ve obstaculizado por ciertos problemas. El objetivo de este estudio es el análisis de los factores que limitan el crecimiento económico de las PYME. Con base en fuentes primarias como libros, artículos y revistas, se utilizó un enfoque cualitativo exploratorio y un método analítico de diseño de teoría fundamentada. Los resultados revelaron que el 80 % de las pymes carecen de herramientas de gestión de recursos humanos, el 95 % emplea personal sin experiencia, el 70 % carece de herramientas automatizadas y de planificación estratégica tanto a corto como a largo plazo, y el 100 % desconoce la normativa vigente y la competencia. En conclusión, los factores administrativos, estratégicos, operativos y externos que pueden resultar en la quiebra de las PYMES y mayores tasas de desempleo, que repercuten en la economía nacional, son los factores que limitan el crecimiento de las PYMES.
Efecto económico de la innovación en las PYMES del Ecuador
Authors: Naranjo Armijo Franklin Gerardo , Barcia Zambrano Ivanna Alexandra
Published: March 2023

El Ecuador ha experimentado cambios significativos a nivel mundial debido a la búsqueda de alternativas para expandirse en el campo de la innovación, cumpliendo con las exigencias del mercado moderno. El objetivo de esta investigación es analizar cómo el impacto económico de las nuevas estrategias digitales de innovación afecta a las PYMES del Ecuador, especialmente en cuanto a la automatización y sostenibilidad en el mercado cambiante y competitivo. Se utilizó una metodología cualitativa descriptiva, basada en la revisión bibliográfica de varias revistas relevantes, con el objetivo de presentar argumentos sólidos. Los resultados mostraron que las innovaciones digitales tienen un impacto significativo en la estructura organizativa y operativa de las pequeñas y medianas empresas. La discusión confirmó los beneficios que estas herramientas brindan al proceso administrativo para expandirse en nuevos mercados de comercio electrónico, pero también señaló un cierto declive en el empleo debido a la falta de conocimiento y manejo de las mismas. En conclusión, se afirma que la adopción de nuevas tendencias tecnológicas fortalece el crecimiento económico de las empresas y el progreso del país.
Use of Azospirillum baldaniorum cells in quercetin detection
Authors: Kanevskiy Matvey , Kosheleva Irina , Menukhov Vladislav , Zhdanova Elizaveta , Borisova Svetlana , Burygin Gennadiy , Konnova Svetlana , Bunin Viktor , Guliy Olga
Published: March 2023

The possibility of detection and determination of flavonoids by using microbial cells was shown for the first time using the quercetin - Azospirillum baldaniorum Sp245 model system. The activity of the flavonoids quercetin, rutin and naringenin toward A. baldaniorum Sp245 was evaluated. It was found that when the quercetin concentration ranged from 50 to 100 µM, the number of bacterial cells decreased. Rutin and naringenin did not affect bacterial numbers. Quercetin at 100 μM increased bacterial impedance by 60 %. Under the effect of quercetin, the magnitude of the electro-optical signal from cells decreased by 75 %, as compared with the no-quercetin control. Our data show the possibility of developing sensor-based systems for the detection and determination of flavonoids.
Challenges of Distance Learning at Universities during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Georgia
Authors: Verulava Tengiz , Shengelia Kakha , Makharashvili Giorgi
Published: March 2023

Adaptation to distance learning, which is one of the most effective ways of fighting against the COVID-19 pandemic, presented numerous challenges to society and the economy. The study aims to assess the consequences of distance learning as a result of the pandemic from the perspective of students and teachers. Quantitative research was conducted. The students (n = 417) and teachers (n = 47) of all disciplines from Tbilisi universities (Republic of Georgia) participated in the research. Non-probability convenience sampling technique was used for the study. Respondents evaluated the process of distance learning positively since they had the opportunity to attend lectures from any location, thus, saving costs, learning new skills, gaining valuable experience, and having more free time left than before. Using a Likert scale, the distance learning process was positively assessed by students (3.2 points out of 5) and teachers (3 points out of 5). The majority of students (n = 288, 69%) preferred the synthesis of distance and auditory learning methods as they consider the student’s own choices in a superior way. Respondents pointed out some deficiencies, such as limited communication, technical access difficulties, low quality and malfunction of internet access, an inconvenient environment, students’ involvement process and complicated social relationships. The crisis caused by the COVID-19 epidemic has identified the need to advance the methods of high-quality acquisition of knowledge. It is preferable to equip university auditoriums with the necessary technical capabilities and to develop curricula that allow students to decide whether to attend lectures in the classroom or to participate online.
Blending Innovative Pedagogy and Technology for Capacity Development of Educators during the Pandemic
Authors: Karunanayaka Shironica Priyanthi
Published: March 2023

The increased use of digital learning environments augments the adoption of open practices in education which contributes to SDG4. The COVID-19 pandemic has compelled an accelerated move towards technology-enhanced learning, prompting educators to re-think and re-design learning environments grounded in innovative pedagogy and technology. In the current scenario it is imperative that educators are offered capacity development opportunities to meaningfully engage in digital and open practices. This paper presents a case study of an online capacity development intervention in OER-integrated technology-enhanced learning (TEL) material creation, implemented with a group of 15 educators selected using the purposive sampling method. It focused on the design, development, implementation, and evaluation of OER-integrated TEL materials by the educators. The intervention comprised a carefully designed learning experience with intensive hands-on activities in a Moodle online learning environment, supplemented with a series of ZOOM-based interactive workshops. The study explored the design strategies that enhanced the creation of OER-integrated TEL materials by the educators, challenges encountered by them and how those were managed, and the effects of the intervention on changing their thinking and practices. Multiple data gathering occurred via questionnaires, discussion forums, reflective journals, and focus group interviews. Primarily, an in-depth content analysis of the qualitative data gathered was conducted. The findings revealed that the systematic learning experience design, which adopted a ‘learning by designing’ approach harnessing the affordances of both technology and pedagogy, empowered educators to become active creators of OER-integrated TEL materials and to take leadership in integrating digital and open practices into teaching-learning processes.
B1 gene based semi nested PCR for detection of toxoplasmosis from poultry hearts
Authors: DEVI ANJALI , SUDAN VIKRANT , JAISWAL AMIT , SINGH AMIT , SHANKER DAYA
Published: March 2023

The WTO guidelines on control strategies regarding food-borne diseases insist on mandatory serological investigations of the causative agent(s) at the farm level and in slaughtered animals. But in countries like India, it is very difficult to go for serological based diagnosis on slaughtered meat found in local markets. Hence, in these cases, PCR remains the sole source of detection of infectious agents. The aim of the study was to find out the presence of toxoplasmosis in meat samples of poultry reared under semi arid conditions of Mathura. The samples were subjected to semi nested PCR, using primers directed against the multicopy of universal B1 gene. Out of 40 heart samples screened, 2 were found to be positive for Toxoplasma gondii DNA.
Replacement rate and its components in Sahiwal females from birth to age at first calving
Authors: UPADHYAY VIPIN KUMAR , MEHLA R K , GUPTA A K , BHAKAT M , LATHWAL S S , YADAV S K
Published: March 2023

The present study was conducted on 1,885 calving in 416 Sahiwal cows over a period of 20 years from 1994 to 2013 maintained at Livestock Research Centre, ICAR-NDRI, Karnal. The 20 years data were classified into 4 periods i.e. P1, P2, P3 and P4, each comprising of 5 years. The year of birth/calving was divided into 4 seasons, according to climatic condition of the farm as Winter, Summer, Rainy and Autumn. The parities were classified into 6 groups (first to fifth and sixth and above) and birth weight of calves was divided into 4 groups (<18, 19 to 21, 22 to 24 and >25 kg). The percentage of animals disposed off due to mortality and culling was calculated as proportion by descriptive statistics and influence of various non-genetic factors by Chi-square method using SPSS software. The overall incidence of abnormal birth in Sahiwal was 6.21% and season of birth showed significant effect on abnormal birth which was higher in autumn season (12.37%) and lower in summer season (4.28%). The overall incidence of disposal, mortality and culling was 27.35, 23.63 and 3.72% respectively, while replacement rate on female calves and total calves basis were 72.64 and 37.55% respectively. There was significant effect of period of birth and birth weight of calf on the disposal, mortality and replacement rate. The maximum mortality was observed mainly due to pneumonia and enteritis, while poor growth and debility were the principal cause of culling. It is concluded that there was significant effect of period of birth and birth weight of calves on mortality, disposal and replacement rate. Disposal rate was higher in calves born with lower birth weight; therefore, intensive feeding and healthcare management for calves born with lower birth weight will be important to minimize involuntary disposal and facilitate more number of females calves to reach to milch herd.
Effect of grasshopper meal on laying hens’ performance and eggs quality characteristics
Authors: BRAH NOURI , ISSA SALISSOU , HOUNDONOUGBO FRÉDÉRIC M
Published: March 2023

The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential effects of gradually substituting fish meal by grasshopper meal in laying hens diets. Laying performance and egg quality were evaluated during 4 months on 140 laying hens ISA Brown of 20-week age with an average initial body weight of 1,386±10 g at the beginning of the experiment. Layers were fed 5 diets in which fish meal was gradually replaced by grasshopper meal. The hens were randomly allotted into 20 pens with 4 pens (repetitions)/feed and 7 hens/pen. The fish meal (FM) was replaced by the grasshopper meal (GM) in the proportion of 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% to obtain G0 (Control), G25 (25% GM + 75% FM), G50 (50% GM + 50% FM), G75 (75% GM+ 25% FM) and G100 (100% GM+ 0% FM). During the 4 months experiment lasted, laying rate, daily feed intake, feed efficacy and efficiency, eggs weight and shape index, albumen height and egg shell thickness were statistically insignificant (P>0.05) for all birds. In addition, diets containing grasshopper meal (G25, G50, G75 and G100) improved egg yolk colour and Haugh unit compared to the control diet (G0). Therefore, Niger poultry farmers could replace fishmeal by grasshopper meal in the diets of laying hens.
Profile of plasma biomolecules and minerals in various reproductive status of cattle and buffaloes
Authors: SELVARAJU S , BHAT KARTHIK S , ARCHANA S S , GOWDA N K S , KRISHNAN BINSILA B , REDDY I J , PAL D T , ROY K S , RAVINDRA J P
Published: March 2023

The reasons for declining fertility in dairy cattle and buffaloes are being investigated intensely to improve the productivity. The present study was conducted to assess the extent of reproductive disorders and possible causes in cattle and buffaloes. Data on various managemental aspects and reproductive status were recorded. The blood samples were collected from the animals without reproductive problems and reproductively problematic animals. The plasma was separated and analyzed for minerals, hormones and biochemical status. The study revealed that21% of the animals had reproductive disorders, of which, repeat breeders were predominantly high (51.5%), followed by post-partum anestrus (22.8%), delayed puberty (15.74%) and silent heat (2.4%). Based on history, rectal examination and the plasma progesterone levels, silent estrus was observed in 18% (3/16) of the postpartum anestrus animals and luteal insufficiency was observed in 54% (6/11) of the repeat breeders. The blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level was higher in repeat breeders and normal animals as compared to silent heat. Overall, 50% (77/155) of the animals showed a negative energy balance irrespective of the reproductive status. The 55.5% of the postpartum anestrus (10/18) and silent heat (5/9) animals were in negative energy status. The HDL cholesterol was lower in animals with delayed puberty than in normal animals. The plasma levels of calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg) and zinc (Zn) were lower in the silent heat as compared to normal animals. The present study revealed the importance of HDL cholesterol in attaining puberty and essential role of Mg in maintaining optimum reproductive efficiency in dairy animals.
Microsatellite based genetic diversity estimation in Kajali sheep and its phylogenetic relationship with other indigenous sheep breeds
Authors: SINGH S , MISHRA A K , VOHRA V , RAJA K N , SINGH Y , SINGH K M , GANGULY I , ARORA R
Published: March 2023

Microsatellite based characterization of Kajali sheep population found in Punjab and adjoining regions was carried out and genetic diversity measures were analysed. High measures of allele (7.778±0.80) and gene diversity (0.66±0.03) were observed across this population. A significant positive FIS (0.23±0.03) value suggested a deficiency in the number of heterozygotes in Kajali sheep which may be attributed to population sub-structuring into different colour variants (White and Kali Kajali). The population revealed presence of genetic diversity and there was no significant heterozygosity excess indicating the absence of genetic bottleneck in the recent past. The phylogenetic study analysis with 18 other Indian sheep breeds revealed that Kajali sheep clustered in same node with Munjal sheep (bootstrap value of 22%). However, Kajali and Munjal sheep are phenotypically distinct from each other. The genetic characterization of Kajali sheep will help in devising suitable strategies for its genetic improvement, management and recognition at national level.
Haplotypes of recessive opaque2 allele in exotic- and indigenous-quality protein maize inbreds
Authors: PANDEY NEHA , HOSSAIN FIROZ , MUTHUSAMY VIGNESH , VISHWAKARMA ASHISH K , ZUNJARE RAJKUMAR U
Published: March 2023

Forty six QPM inbreds of diverse origin were genotyped using opaque2 (o2)-specific SSRs viz. umc1066 and phi057, present on exon-1 and exon-6 of the gene, respectively. These SSRs are the polymorphic sites that differentiate dominant (O2) and recessive (o2) alleles. A total of two alleles (o2-A and o2-B) of umc1066, and three alleles (o2-C, o2-D and o2-E) of phi057 were identified. o2-A allele (93.48%) was the most abundant, while o2-B allele was observed only in 6.52% of the inbreds. For phi057 locus, o2-E allele had the highest frequency (80.17%), followed by o2-D (19.57%) and o2-C (2.17%). Among various haplotypes, o2-AE had the highest frequency (76.09%), followed by o2-AD (15.22%) and o2-BD (4.35%). o2-BC and o2-AC haplotypes were observed in 2.17% each of the inbreds. Haplotype, o2-BE was not found in the inbred panel. Cluster analyses grouped the inbreds into two major clusters with inbreds being together based on haplotypes. All the inbreds developed at PJTSAU, Hyderabad, CSK HPKV, Bajaura, and CCS HAU, Uchani and majority of inbreds from CIMMYT, Mexico had the o2-AE haplotype. Inbreds developed at VPKAS, Almora had three haplotypes viz. o2-BC, o2-AD and o2-AE. Inbreds from IARI, New Delhi had o2-AE and o2-AD haplotypes, while inbreds developed at IIMR, New Delhi had o2-AE and o2-AC haplotypes. o2-BD was identified as the most promising haplotype for accumulation of lysine and tryptophan in the endosperm, followed by o2-AE. o2-BC haplotype was the least promising for nutritional quality. o2-AC, o2-AD and o2-BC possessed 25% opaqueness, while o2-BD had 50% opaqueness. Broad range of 25-100% opaqueness was observed among inbreds possessing o2-AE haplotype. So far, breeders perceive that only one recessive o2 allele exist in the population, and any QPM inbred serves as a donor of the o2 allele in the QPM breeding programme. The present study reports here the occurrence of at least five versions of recessive o2 allele, and the information generated here can benefit the QPM breeding programme by selectively introgressing the most favourable haplotype allele of o2 over other haplotypes.