bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Etiquette language formulas in the epistolary legacy of Mykhailo Kotsiubynskyi
Authors:   Kamianets-Podilskyi Ivan Ohiienko National University, Kovalenko Borys , Kovalenko Natalia ,   Kamianets-Podilskyi Ivan Ohiienko National University
Published: September 2022

The language creating by M. Kotsiubynskyi is rightly considered an outstanding phenomenon in the development of the Ukrainian literary language. The writer's epistolary covers a fairly wide range of addressees, among whom were his friends and casual acquaintances, the author was not spiritually close and unanimous in views with all addressees, sometimes he communicated exclusively on an official level. Kotsiubynskyi corresponded with almost all prominent personalities of that time, so his epistolary heritage contains many interesting facts about the history of the publication and distribution of Ukrainian books, the history of censorship repressions, etc. The works of S. Antonenko, S. Bohdan, S. Hanzha, I. Hryhorenko, N. Zhuravlova, O. Kalyta, M. Kotsiubynska, V. Kuzmenko, K. Lenets, A. Nairulin, S. Sviatovets, I. Fokina are devoted to the issues of poetics, the reception of the epistolary genre and style, and the study of the epistolary of writers. Language and etiquette formulas of the epistolary heritage of Mykhailo Kotsiubynskyi are studied in the article. The following formulas of speech etiquette have been analyzed: greeting, adressing, farewell, apology, request, postscript. Etiquette formulas take an important place in the writer's epistolary. The special features are the use of adressing in the exclamatory form, traditional formulas at the beginning and end of letters, the use of formulas of greetings, apologies, requests, and postscripts. The author is characterized by ease in choosing certain language means and immediacy in expressing emotions.
Treatment-induced mucositis in oncology
Authors: Jasiewicz Francis , Qurban Zeeshan , Hughes Christopher
Published: September 2022

Almost all cancer therapies lead to a wide array of side effects, owing to the disruption of normal physiological processes and alteration of immunological responses. Of these, mucositis is one of the most commonly encountered side effects, presenting in about 20–40% of all patients receiving chemotherapy and 80% of those being treated with radiotherapy for head and neck malignancies. This article provides a brief introduction and comprehensive overview of the various treatment modalities used in managing this complication. The key to management is a multidisciplinary approach, revolving around pain control, oral hygiene, nutritional support and management of superimposed infection. The scarcity of therapeutic options for prevention or treatment of mucositis has resulted in clinical difficulty in controlling it, which, in turn, seriously affects the patient's quality of life and cancer management, contributing to patient morbidity and mortality.
Modeling of Forced and Natural Convection Drying Process of a Coffee Seed
Authors: Duque-Dussán Eduardo , Villada-Dussán Andrés , Roubík Hynek , Banout Jan
Published: September 2022

Highlights

The forced and natural convection drying processes of a single coffee grain can be predicted.

The moisture distribution profiles depict the drying phenomena and water concentration zones.

With accurate predictive drying curves, coffee growers can ensure high-quality coffee beans.

Abstract. Different coffee drying technologies face complex tasks in ensuring an acceptable final seed moisture content. This research performed a Finite Element Analysis (FEA) study, simulating a single coffee bean's drying process as a transient mass diffusion model under mechanical and natural convection conditions, so the drying behavior and data of both case scenarios can be foreseen and controlled by a predictive Finite Element Model (FEM). A wet bean was 3D-scanned and digitized as the FEA simulation geometry; the water diffusion between the grain and the atmosphere was defined by a diffusion coefficient subject to the drying air temperature and the grain's moisture content. Three cases were studied: mechanical grain drying at three different temperatures (50, 45, and 40°C) in a forced convection environment; variable natural convection drying under environmental conditions (wet and dry season); and constant natural convection (wet and dry season), including the variation in day/night temperature and relative humidity. The results agree well with the data found in the literature, obtaining the graphical moisture distribution of the phenomena, predictive drying curves, diffusion coefficients, and isotherms. Both simulated drying scenarios provide essential information for coffee growers to improve and control their drying processes, thus obtaining high-quality grains, reducing contamination by microorganisms, and ensuring the integrity of their products. Keywords: Coffea arabica, Coffee Drying, Coffee Seed, Finite Element Model, Moisture Diffusion.
Foraminal Stenosis at L5–S1 as an Overlooked Pathology of Bilateral Radiculopathy: A Case Series
Authors: Takahashi Kohei , Yadav Ajay Kumar , Hashimoto Ko , Tsubakino Takumi , Aizawa Toshimi , Yasuhisa Yasuhisa
Published: September 2022

Introduction: The classical symptom of foraminal stenosis is unilateral radiculopathy. Bilateral radiculopathy caused purely by foraminal stenosis is rare. Here, we report five cases of bilateral L5 radiculopathy caused purely by L5–S1 foraminal stenosis and describe the clinical and radiological features of these patients in detail. Case Presentation: Among the five patients, two were men and three were women with an average age of 69 years. Four patients had undergone surgeries at L4–5 level, previously. All the patients showed an improvement in symptoms in the post-operative period. After a certain period, the patients complained of bilateral leg pain and numbness. An additional surgery was performed in two patients; however, there was no improvement in symptoms. One patient, who did not undergo surgery, was treated conservatively for 3 years. All the patients had been suffering from bilateral leg symptoms before their first visit to our hospital. The neurological findings in these patients were consistent with bilateral L5 radiculopathy. The average pre-operative Japanese Orthopedic Association (JOA) score was 13 out of 29 points. Bilateral foraminal stenosis at L5–S1 level was confirmed using a three-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging or computed tomography. Posterior lumbar interbody fusion was performed in one patient and bilateral lateral fenestration using Wiltse’s approach was performed in four patients. The neurological symptoms recovered immediately after surgery. The average JOA score at 2-year follow-up was 25 points. Conclusions: Spine surgeons may overlook the pathology of foraminal stenosis, particularly in patients with bilateral radiculopathy. Familiarity with the clinical and radiological features of symptomatic lumbar foraminal stenosis is necessary to properly diagnose bilateral foraminal stenosis at L5–S1 level.
Balancing sleeping with guardianship: narratives of sleep during informal dementia care
Authors: Gibson Rosemary , Helm Amy , Ross Isabelle , Gander Philippa , Breheny Mary
Published: September 2022

Sleep has been recognised as compromised in dementia care. This study aims to represent the experiences and needs of informal carers via sleep-related accounts. Retrospective interviews were conducted with 20 carers concerning sleep changes across the trajectory of dementia care. Key interactive narratives were around: ‘sleep as my sacrifice’; tensions between identities of being a ‘sleeper’ versus ‘guardian’; and ‘sleep as a luxury’. Maintaining healthy sleep and preferable sleep practices is challenging while balancing the responsibilities of dementia-related care. Acknowledging sleep as a sociological practice enables a greater understanding of carers’ nuanced experience and support needs.
3D lensless fiber endoscopy exploiting deep learning and diffractive optical elements
Authors: Czarske Juergen W. , Glosemeyer Tom , Scharf Elias , Kuschmierz Robert
Published: September 2022

This paper presents a paradigm shift in endoscopy using coherent fiber bundles (CFB). The memory effect of CFB is exploited towards 3D endoscopy using printed diffractive optical elements (DOE) and deep neural networks.
Fiber Optic Sensing: Creating Value from Data (Applications in Oil & Gas)
Authors: Alkhalaf Muqbil , Zharnikov Timur
Published: September 2022

In this paper, we highlight the different types of business applications enabled by using algorithms and 4IR technologies in combination with the data acquired by fiber optics sensing.
Multiplexed COVID-19 Antibody Quantification from Human Sera Using Label-free Nanoplasmonic Biosensors
Authors: Adi Wihan , Biswas Dhruv , Shelef Miriam A. , Yesilkoy Filiz
Published: September 2022

Serological assays can reveal immune status against COVID-19 informing individual and public healthcare decisions. We report a multiplexed and label-free nanoplasmonic biosensor that can discriminate healthy from convalescent samples with high sensitivity (95%) and specificity (100%) based on anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody quantification. Our results show high concordance (R~ 0.87) with commercial assays in detecting anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies.
Detection system of the lobster eye telescope with large
field of view
Authors: Chen Yifan , Sun Xiaojin , Li Zhengda , Wang Chengbin , Zhang Chen , Sun Shengli
Published: September 2022

The lobster eye telescope is promising for large-field x ray imaging in
astronomy. The special structure of the lobster eye system makes the
focal plane a sphere, resulting in detector defocus when the field is
large. In this study, we established a model based on the principle of
lobster eye imaging and simulated the imaging at different image
distances. The results reveal the relationship between the defocus and
position accuracy and angular resolution. To ensure the optical
performance of the large field lobster eye telescope, we propose a
detection system design method using multiple detectors stitched
together to form a spherical-like surface and apply it to the
development of the Einstein Probe/wide-field x ray telescope (EP/WXT)
submodule. About 70% of the detection area is out of focus within
0.5 mm. The scanning image of the integrated WXT submodule shows good
uniformity of the point spread function (PSF) for various incident
angles, and the effect of defocus on imaging is acceptable.
Computational Ghost Imaging with the Human Brain
Authors: Wang Gao , Faccio Daniele
Published: September 2022

We report on a ghost imaging, non-line-of-sight imaging technique that uses the human visual system for detection and joint processing with a neurofeedback loop. A pattern carving method is introduced to significantly reduce observation/acquisition times.
DNN-based optical performance monitoring and its application for soft failure localization by multipoint estimation
Authors: Tanaka Takafumi , Inui Tetsuro , Kawai Shingo
Published: September 2022

In current optical communication networks, it is becoming increasingly important to use optical performance monitoring (OPM), which monitors the transmission characteristics of optical signals, to detect early degradation of features that may affect communication quality. This paper describes a method to realize OPM by training a deep neural network (DNN) with data obtained from digital coherent transceivers. In addition, we propose a dataset generation method, Data Augmentation using Differential Image (DADI), to enable the DNN to train with fewer data. We demonstrate that this method simultaneously classifies the optical signal to noise ratio and polarization mode dispersion with high accuracy. Furthermore, we apply DNN-based OPM to detect and localize soft failure in a multi-span environment. We develop a method to identify the location of soft failure by collecting information from DNN-based OPM estimated at multiple points in multi-span optical transmission links. We demonstrate that the method correctly localizes the soft failure with more than 90% accuracy on average (min, 85%; max, 98%) under single-channel experimental conditions.
Expert perspectives on priorities for supporting health security in the Pacific region through health systems strengthening
Authors: Rendell Nicole , Sheel Meru
Published: September 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has reiterated the interdependence of health security and health systems, and the need for resilient health systems to prevent large-scale impacts of infectious disease outbreaks and other acute public health events. Three years into the COVID-19 pandemic has led to discussions on how to “build back better”, making it important to identify lessons to strengthen health systems and prevent future shocks from health security threats. Limited data exist on effective implementable initiatives, especially for the Pacific region. We explored the perceptions of a selection of experts with field experience in the Pacific region to identify and prioritise areas for future health system investments that strengthen health security. We conducted a qualitative cross-sectional study, collecting data using four focus group discussions. We analysed the data using a content analysis of notes recorded from each of the sessions. There were 24 participants, representing 15 research and academic institutions, nongovernment agencies, UN agencies and government as well as independent consultants. All were health sector stakeholders with field experience in the Pacific region and expertise in either health systems or health security. The analysis revealed four areas to prioritise future efforts, namely workforce development, risk communication, public health surveillance and laboratory capacity. A fifth theme, localisation, was identified as a cross cutting theme that should be applied to implementation of other identified priority areas. These findings provide a starting point to apply in practice this relatively new concept, of targeted health systems strengthening for health security development, in the Pacific. Evaluation of these initiatives will strengthen knowledge on the value of integrating these two concepts.
An mHealth tool for community health workers to improve caregiver knowledge of child health in the Amazon: An effectiveness-implementation hybrid evaluation
Authors: Westgard Christopher M. , Orrego-Ferreyros Luis A.
Published: September 2022

When community health workers (CHWs) are effective, they can teach healthy child rearing practices in their communities and improve child health and development outcomes. An effective mHealth tool can improve the capacity of CHWs to transmit knowledge to caregivers. This article evaluates the implementation of an mHealth tool in a CHW program in the Amazon of Peru. The intervention was designed, implemented, and evaluated with the guidance of multiple implementation science tools. A Hybrid Type 3 evaluation design was used to test the effectiveness of the implementation strategies and appropriateness of the intervention. The implementation outcomes: acceptability, adoption, dosage, and fidelity were analyzed with mixed methods approach to determine if the intervention was successfully installed in the CHW program. The service outcome, knowledge scores, was analyzed with an independent samples t-test and one way ANOVA to determine the effect of the program. The implementation strategies resulted in high degrees of acceptability, adoption, and fidelity of the mHealth tool. The surveillance component of the mHealth tools was not adequately adopted. The group of caregivers that received home visits with the mHealth tool (N = 48) had significantly higher knowledge scores (+1.26 standard deviations) than those in the control group (N = 138) (t(184) = -4.39, p<0.001). The COVID-19 pandemic significantly decreased the dosage of the intervention received by the participants. The CHEST App intervention is a promising tool to improve the capacity of CHWs during their home visits. Trial registered with ISRCTN on 11/29/2018 at https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN43591826.
Alteration of plasma von Willebrand factor in the treatment of retinal vein occlusion with cystoid macular edema
Authors: Hirai Hiromasa , Yamashita Mariko , Matsumoto Masanori , Nishiyama Takeyuki , Wada Daishi , Okabe Naoko , Mizusawa Yutaro , Jimura Hironobu , Ueda Tetsuo , Ogata Nahoko
Published: September 2022

Retinal vein occlusion (RVO) is a major retinal disease caused by venous thrombosis. Although several studies have proposed an association between venous thrombosis and von Willebrand factor (VWF), the association between RVO and VWF remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the association between RVO and VWF and the alteration of VWF levels under anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) treatment. We enrolled 55 patients with RVO involved cystoid macular edema. They received intravitreal injection of anti-VEGF drugs, either ranibizumab or aflibercept. We examined the clinical data and measured plasma VWF antigen and a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with a thrombospondin type 1 motif, member 13 (ADAMTS13) activity to identify variabilities during treatment. At baseline, there was no significant difference between the RVO group and age-matched controls in both VWF antigen and ADAMTS13 activity levels, but ADAMTS13 activity was significantly lower in central RVO than in branch RVO (P= 0.015). In branch RVO, VWF antigen was negatively correlated with central choroidal thickness (r = −0.51,P< 0.001). In branch RVO after anti-VEGF treatment, VWF antigen levels decreased significantly from 134% at baseline to 109% at 1 day (P= 0.002) and 107% at 1 month (P= 0.030) after treatment. In contrast, ADAMTS13 activity showed no significant difference during this period. In branch RVO at 1 month after treatment, VWF antigen was negatively correlated with central choroidal thickness (r = −0.47,P= 0.001). Our findings suggest an association between VWF and central choroidal thickness in patients with branch RVO, thus the measurement of VWF may be useful for evaluating disease activity and prognosis.
Sustainable supply chain partner selection and order allocation: A hybrid fuzzy PL-TODIM based MCGDM approach
Authors: Zhong Shuqi , Zhang Jinxin , He Xiaojun , Liu Sen
Published: September 2022

Sustainability, as a trend of social development and the embodiment of corporate social responsibility, has begun to receive more attention. To achieve this goal, sustainable supplier selection (SSS) and order allocation (OA) are seen as the crucial activities in corporate management. In the process of SSS, the psychological behavior of decision-makers (DMs) could play a critical role in the evaluation results. Therefore, introducing it into the decision-making process may lead to decision in line with the actual situation. In the uncertain multi-criteria group decision-making (MCGDM) problem described by probability linguistic term sets (PLTS), the DMs can evaluate the criteria of each supplier based on his own preference and hesitation, which is useful to avoid the loss of information. For this reason, this study develops a novel multi-criteria group decision-making combined with fuzzy multi-objective optimization (MCGDM-FMOO) model for SSS/OA problems by considering the triple bottom line (TBL) in which includes economic, environmental and social factors. The proposed method includes four stages. (1) the best-worst method (BWM) and entropy weight method are utilized to assign the weights of criteria to obtain the comprehensive weight. According to the output weights, the an acronym for interactive and multi-criteria decision-making in Portugese (TODIM) approach is applied to rank the suppliers under PLTS environment; (2) a FMOO model that can effectively deal with uncertainties and dynamic nature of parameter is formulated for allocating optimal order quantities; (3) two novel approaches are utilized to solve the FMOO model in order to obtain the richer Pareto frontier; and (4) the final OA solution is achieved by technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) method. Finally, the validity and practicability of proposed MCGDM-FMOO model are verified by an example and comparative analysis with other classical MCGDM methods.
Young adults’ perspective of global environmental risks: A study on Polish university students
Authors: Przybylski Błażej , Janeczko Emilia , Studnicki Marcin , Bielinis Ernest , Bielinis Lidia
Published: September 2022

This article presents the results of a study conducted on Polish university students to verify how they assess the probability of environmental risks and their potential impact on the socio-economic situation in Poland. To this end, 703 students of public universities in Warsaw were asked to complete risk assessment questionnaires. According to the respondents, of all identified types of threats, technological risks were found to be the most probable, with the environmental ones carrying the most significant social and economic impact. Among those risks, climate change was recognised as the most probable, while environmental contamination was perceived as having the strongest potential impact on Poland. No statistically significant differences were found in the views of women and men on the probability of environmental risks and their impact on the country’s socio-economic situation. Compared with students of technical and economic faculties, students of natural sciences, education, and nursing assessed the probability of environmental risks and the strength of their potential impact in Poland as much higher. The results of the study can be used to develop a communication strategy dedicated to young people in the education of environmental risks.
Sure-thing vs. probabilistic charitable giving: Experimental evidence on the role of individual differences in risky and ambiguous charitable decision-making
Authors: Schoenegger Philipp , Costa-Gomes Miguel
Published: September 2022

Charities differ, among other things, alongside the likelihood that their interventions succeed and produce the desired outcomes and alongside the extent that such likelihood can even be articulated numerically. In this paper, we investigate what best explains charitable giving behaviour regarding charities that have interventions that will succeed with a quantifiable and high probability (sure-thing charities) and charities that have interventions that only have a small and hard to quantify probability of bringing about the desired end (probabilistic charities). We study individual differences in risk/ambiguity attitudes, empathy, numeracy, optimism, and donor type (warm glow vs. pure altruistic donor type) as potential predictors of this choice. We conduct a money incentivised, pre-registered experiment on Prolific on a representative UK sample (n = 1,506) to investigate participant choices (i) between these two types of charities and (ii) about one randomly selected charity. Overall, we find little to no evidence that individual differences predict choices regarding decisions about sure-thing and probabilistic charities, with the exception that a purely altruistic donor type predicts donations to probabilistic charities when participants were presented with a randomly selected charity in (ii). Conducting exploratory equivalence tests, we find that the data provide robust evidence in favour of the absence of an effect (or a negligibly small effect) where we fail to reject the null. This is corroborated by exploratory Bayesian analyses. We take this paper to be contributing to the literature on charitable giving via this comprehensive null-result in pursuit of contributing to a cumulative science.
Focus perception in Japanese: Effects of lexical accent and focus location
Authors: Lee Albert , Chiu Faith , Xu Yi
Published: September 2022

This study explored the contexts in which native Japanese listeners have difficulty identifying prosodic focus. Using a 4AFC identification task, we compared native Japanese listeners’ focus identification accuracy in different lexical accent × focus location conditions using resynthesised speech stimuli, which varied only in fundamental frequency. Experiment 1 compared the identification accuracy in lexical accent × focus location conditions using both natural and resynthesised stimuli. The results showed that focus identification rates were similar with the two stimulus types, thus establishing the reliability of the resynthesised stimuli. Experiment 2 explored these conditions further using only resynthesised stimuli. Narrow foci bearing the lexical pitch accent were always more correctly identified than unaccented ones, whereas the identification rate for final focus was the lowest among all focus locations. From these results, we argue that the difficulty of focus perception in Japanese is attributed to (i) the blocking of PFC by unaccented words, and (ii) similarity in F0 contours between lexical pitch accent and narrow focus, including in particular the similarity between downstep and PFC. Focus perception is therefore contingent on other concurrent communicative functions which may sometimes take precedence in a +PFC language.
Nucleation status of Day 2 pre-implantation embryos, acquired by time-lapse imaging during IVF, is associated with live birth
Authors: Sayed Shabana , Reigstad Marte Myhre , Petersen Bjørn Molt , Schwennicke Arne , Hausken Jon Wegner , Storeng Ritsa
Published: September 2022

The primary purpose of this time-lapse data analysis was to identify the association between the nucleation status of a Day 2 preimplantation embryo and live births following in vitro fertilization (IVF). The retrospective data analysis was based on 2769 transferred embryos from 1966 treatment cycles and utilised only Known Implantation Data (KID) for live births. Nucleation errors (NE) such as micronucleation, binucleation, multinucleation and minor error groups, were annotated in the time-lapse images which were taken every 15 minutes for a minimum of 44 hours post insemination. Further, factors that may impact NE and the relationship of early morphological attributes and morphokinetic variables with NE occurrence were explored. The frequency of NE among the transferred embryos was 23.8%. The reversibility of NE evidenced by their presence at the two-cell stage, but absence at the four-cell stage was 89.6%. Embryos exhibiting nucleation errors at the two-cell stage had significantly lower live birth rates compared to embryos with no nucleation errors, constituting a significant predictor. A Generalized Additive Mixed Model was used to control for confounders and for controlling clustering effects from dual embryo transfers. Increased incidences of NE were observed with increasing age, with delayed occurrence of cell divisions and in oocytes inseminated with surgically retrieved spermatozoa. NE assessment and their impact on live birth provides valuable markers for early preimplantation embryo selection. In addition, the high incidence of reversibility of NE and their possible impact on live birth suggest that incorporating two-cell nuclear status annotations in embryo selection, alongside morphology and morphokinetics, is of value.
Robust natural depth for anticorrelated random dot stereogram for edge stimuli, but minimal reversed depth for embedded circular stimuli, irrespective of eccentricity
Authors: Hibbard Paul B. , Asher Jordi M.
Published: September 2022

The small differences between the images formed in our left and right eyes are an important cue to the three-dimensional structure of scenes. These disparities are encoded by binocular neurons in the visual cortex. At the earliest stage of processing, these respond to binocular correlation between images. We assessed the perception of depth in anticorrelated stimuli, in which the contrast polarity in one eye is reversed, as a function of their location in the retinal image, and their depth configuration (a horizontal edge or a circle surrounded by an annulus) We found that, regardless of stimulus eccentricity, participants perceived depth in the natural direction for edge stimuli, and weakened, reversed depth for circular stimuli.
Full genotyping and FAM19A4/miR124-2 methylation analysis in high-risk human papillomavirus–positive samples from women over 30 years participating in cervical cancer screening in Örebro, Sweden
Authors: Kaliff Malin , Lillsunde Larsson Gabriella , Helenius Gisela , Karlsson Mats G. , Bergengren Lovisa
Published: September 2022

Currently, cervical cancer prevention is undergoing comprehensive development regarding human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination and cervical cancer screening. In Sweden and many other countries, high coverage vaccinated cohorts are entering screening within the next few years. This entails demands for baseline HPV genotype data across the screening age range for surveillance and a basis for screening program adjustment. In 2016, Örebro County, Sweden, changed to primary HPV screening using HPV mRNA testing followed by cytology triage. An alternative triage method to cytology could allow for a fully molecular screening algorithm and be implemented in a screening program where self-sampling is included. Hypermethylation analysis of the human genes FAM19A4/miR124-2 has been suggested as a promising triage method. HPV mRNA-positive screening samples (n = 529) were included and subjected to genotyping targeting a broad range of both low-risk and high-risk genotypes in addition to hypermethylation analysis of the two human genes FAM19A4/miR124-2. Data were connected to cytological and histological status and age. The most commonly detected genotypes were HPV31, 16, and 52. In addition, HPV18 was one of the most common genotypes in high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSILs) samples. In relation to available vaccines, 26% of the women with histological HSIL or cancer (≥HSIL) tested positive for only hrHPV included in the quadrivalent vaccine and 77% of the genotypes in the nonavalent vaccine. According to these figures, a relatively large proportion of the HSILs will probably remain, even after age cohorts vaccinated with the quadrivalent vaccine enter the screening program. Hypermethylation positivity was associated with increasing age, but no HPV-related independently predictive factors were found. Accordingly, age needs to be considered in development of future screening algorithms including triage with hypermethylation methodology.
Protocol: The role of defunctioning stoma prior to neoadjuvant therapy for locally advanced colonic and rectal cancer-A systematic review
Authors: Mesri Mina , Hitchman Louise , Yiaesemidou Marina , Quyn Aaron , Jayne David , Chetter Ian
Published: September 2022

Defunctioning stomas (ileostomy and colostomy) may be used prior to commencement of neoadjuvant therapy in patients with locally advanced colon or rectal cancer, in order to prevent clinical large bowel obstruction caused by radiotherapy associated oedema or progression of disease in patients who are not obstructed. However, the exact rate of clinical obstruction in patients undergoing neoadjuvant therapy who do not receive a defunctioning stoma is not known. Furthermore, it is not clear which factors predispose patients to developing clinical large bowel obstruction. Given that defunctioning stomas are associated with post operative and intra-operative risks, it is not currently possible to tailor defunctioning stomas to patients who have the greatest risk of developing obstruction. This systematic review which is in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis statement (PRISMA), aims to define the role of defunctioning stomas in prevention of obstruction patients with locally advanced colon or rectal cancer while undergoing neoadjuvant therapy. Two researchers will perform the literature search which will include all published and “in process” articles published in the English language between 2002–2022 in the following databases: EMBASE (OVID), MEDLINE (EBSCO), CINHAL complete, Web of Science, Cochrane Central Registry of Controlled Trials, Clinical Trials Registry. The full text of the selected articles will be independently screened by two researchers against the inclusion criteria. Data will be extracted from each article regarding: study design, participants, type of intervention and outcomes. The effect size will be expressed in incidence rates and when appropriate in relative risk with 95% confidence intervals. If possible, we will perform a meta-analysis. Heterogeneity will be assessed using I2 statistics. We will pool the data extracted from the randomised controlled trials to perform a meta-analysis using the Review Manager 5 software (RevMan 5). The Grades of Recommendation, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) system will be used to assess the certainty of the evidence.
Mitochondrial DNA barcoding of mosquito species (Diptera: Culicidae) in Thailand
Authors: Chaiphongpachara Tanawat , Changbunjong Tanasak , Laojun Sedthapong , Nutepsu Teerayoot , Suwandittakul Nantana , Kuntawong Kewarin , Sumruayphol Suchada , Ruangsittichai Jiraporn
Published: September 2022

The correct identification of mosquito species is important for effective mosquito vector control. However, the standard morphological identification of mosquito species based on the available keys is not easy with specimens in the field due to missing or damaged morphological features during mosquito collections, often leading to the misidentification of morphologically indistinguishable. To resolve this problem, we collected mosquito species across Thailand to gather genetic information, and evaluated the DNA barcoding efficacy for mosquito species identification in Thailand. A total of 310 mosquito samples, representing 73 mosquito species, were amplified using mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) primers. The average maximum intraspecific genetic variation of the 73 mosquito species was 1% ranged from 0–5.7%. While, average minimum interspecific genetic variation (the distance to the nearest neighbour) of the 73 mosquito species was 7% ranged from 0.3–12.9%. The identification of success rates based on the “Best Match,” “Best Close Match,” and “All Species Barcodes” methods were 97.7%, 91.6%, and 81%, respectively. Phylogenetic analyses of Anopheles COI sequences demonstrated a clear separation between almost all species (except for those between An. baimaii and An. dirus), with high bootstrap support values (97%–99%). Furthermore, phylogenetic analyses revealed potential sibling species of An. annularis, An. tessellatus, and An. subpictus in Thailand. Our results indicated that DNA barcoding is an effective molecular approach for the accurate identification of mosquitoes in Thailand.
Islamic and capitalist economies: Comparison using econophysics models of wealth exchange and redistribution
Authors: Kato Takeshi
Published: September 2022

Islamic and capitalist economies have several differences, the most fundamental being that the Islamic economy is characterized by the prohibition of interest (riba) and speculation (gharar) and the enforcement of Shariah-compliant profit–loss sharing (mudaraba, murabaha, salam, etc.) and wealth redistribution (waqf, sadaqah, and zakat). In this study, I apply new econophysics models of wealth exchange and redistribution to quantitatively compare these characteristics to those of capitalism and evaluate wealth distribution and disparity using a simulation. Specifically, regarding exchange, I propose a loan interest model representing finance capitalism and riba and a joint venture model representing shareholder capitalism and mudaraba of an Islamic profit–loss sharing system; regarding redistribution, I create a transfer model representing inheritance tax and waqf of an Islamic wealth redistribution system. As exchanges are repeated from an initial uniform distribution of wealth, wealth distribution approaches a power-law distribution more quickly for the loan interest than the joint venture model; and the Gini index, representing disparity, rapidly increases. The joint venture model’s Gini index increases more slowly, but eventually, the wealth distribution in both models becomes a delta distribution, and the Gini index gradually approaches 1. Next, when both models are combined with the transfer model to redistribute wealth in every given period, the loan interest model has a larger Gini index than the joint venture model, but both converge to a Gini index of less than 1. These results quantitatively reveal that in the Islamic economy, disparity is restrained by prohibiting riba and promoting reciprocal exchange in mudaraba and redistribution through waqf. Comparing Islamic and capitalist economies provides insights into the benefits of economically embracing the ethical practice of mutual aid and suggests guidelines for an alternative to capitalism.
Human monkeypox: A review of the literature
Authors: El Eid Rozana , Allaw Fatima , Haddad Sara F. , Kanj Souha S.
Published: September 2022

Monkeypox (MPX) has recently made international headlines for the rapid and simultaneous progression of the disease across the world. This review aims at summarizing the literature available as well as describing the evolution of the disease as it pertains to the cases today along with potential treatments and infection control strategies. To date, more than 76 countries have reported cases in more than 12,261 people. Before this, MPX was a rare zoonotic disease confined to endemic areas in Western and Central Africa with sporadic outbreaks namely in the United States, associated with the import of wild animals from Ghana. However, during the current outbreak, human-to-human transmission has become the primary mode of transmission, raising concerns for unaccounted community spread. Most of these patients did not travel to the endemic areas of Africa, suggesting possible previously underdetected community transmission. Observations from emergent cases have reported that the manifestations of the disease were sometimes atypical from what has been previously described. Young men who have sex with men seem to be the population most vulnerable to infection. Though the disease is currently perceived to be mild in its clinical course, questions that remain unclear and warrant further investigation include potential of humans harboring a genital reservoir of the virus and the possibility of airborne transmission, which has implications for infection control and health of the community at large.
Enabling metadesign through an exploration of misinterpretation: Design process verification focusing on the role of objects in the actual production process
Authors: Tomohide Mizuuchi , Eizo Okada , Daijiro Mizuno
Published: September 2022

This case study analyses the role that writing and verbal communication plays when using objects in the collaborative metadesign process. It is common for co-design practices to be introduced in the ideation and other early stages of the design process. In these processes achieving consensus among participants may be critically important. Our research shows that an appropriate physical object can help not only in the initial phase of the process but also in the later stages of designing and production. In this article, we focused on the co-design process carried out by a Japanese craftsman and a group of designers and explored how the artefacts created along the way affected the process of communication. By examining misunderstandings and consensus between the participants, we learnt more about the possible role of objects in bridging the different viewpoints. The results of this study will contribute to the active introduction of metadesign methods in later design phases and, thus, improve the inclusiveness within metadesign projects.
Por una teología moral en salida
Authors: Martínez Julio L.
Published: September 2022

El centenario de la revista Estudios Eclesiásticos es una ocasión propicia para abordar los principales desafíos pastorales, epistemológicos, antropológicos y eclesiológicos que vive la teología moral católica, en un cambio de época donde los asuntos fronterizos arrecian y la conciencia de vulnerabilidad e incertidumbre —tanto a niveles micro como macrosociales— se vuelven críticas. Afrontar hoy los enormes retos que plantea la tecnología, el multiculturalismo, la sostenibilidad medioambiental y social, la desigualdad creciente o la movilidad humana, nos pone ante la urgente necesidad de desatar nudos intraeclesiales que aún atenazan a la teología moral y reaccionar a la irrelevancia a la que la posmodernidad digital somete toda propuesta moral que brote del Evangelio. Siguiendo la orientación del magisterio del papa Francisco, este artículo se adentra en el valor práctico del discernimiento para ver cómo desde él categorías como pueblo de Dios, sinodalidad, sensus fidei fidelium, conciencia, verdad, diálogo, encuentro o cuidado retoman prestancia y vigor para pensar y vivir la moral cristiana.
Espiritualidad en ciencias sociales y salud
Authors: Bernal Solano Mariola
Published: September 2022

Espiritualidad es un término de creciente popularidad y difícil de definir como muestran sus diversos usos. Sensible al contexto histórico y cultural, este artículo plantea un recorrido por su genealogía a través de la sociología y la antropología de la religión y también del campo de la salud, donde existe un renovado interés en los últimos años. Entre las transformaciones socioculturales que han ido moldeando el concepto de espiritualidad, se analiza especialmente el giro que supuso la Nueva Era en su emergencia como objeto de interés y categoría analítica para las ciencias sociales. Se examinan las relaciones porosas entre los términos religión y espiritualidad, a la luz de las limitaciones metodológicas y de los desafíos que aún presenta este campo de estudio. Por último, se exploran las aportaciones sobre espiritualidad desde el ámbito de la salud y se reflexiona en torno a los profesionales del cuidado espiritual en los equipos sanitarios.
Pensar y decir la salvación cristiana
Authors: Justo Domínguez Emilio-José
Published: September 2022

La salvación es una cuestión fundamental para el ser humano y el cristianismo se entiende como una propuesta de salvación. Por eso, una tarea central de la teología consiste en pensar y decir la salvación cristiana. En este artículo se reflexiona sobre el planteamiento de la soteriología. Se parte de que en la cultura actual la salvación aparece sin referencia a la pregunta por el sentido. A continuación, se aborda el contenido de la soteriología como un elemento estructural de la teología. Y finalmente se tratan algunos aspectos relacionados con cuestiones permanentes de la soteriología, como la muerte salvífica de Jesús, su relevancia universal y el destino solidario de los seres humanos.
Doses do Saber
Authors: Freitas Alessandra Russo
Published: September 2022

Importância dos intervalos entre as doses de medicamentos.
An extragradient inertial algorithm for solving split fixed-point problems of demicontractive mappings, with equilibrium and variational inequality problems
Authors: Okeke Chibueze C. , Ugwunnadi Godwin C. , Jolaoso Lateef O.
Published: September 2022

The purpose of this article is to study and analyse a new extragradient-type algorithm with an inertial extrapolation step for solving split fixed-point problems for demicontractive mapping, equilibrium problem, and pseudomonotone variational inequality problem in real Hilbert spaces. One of the advantages of the proposed algorithm is that a strong convergence result is achieved without a prior estimate of the Lipschitz constant of the cost operator, which is very difficult to find. In addition, the stepsize is generated at each iteration by some simple computations, which allows it to be easily implemented without the prior knowledge of the Lipschitz constant of the cost operator. Some numerical experiments are reported to show the performance and behaviour of the sequence generated by our algorithm. The obtained results in this article extend and improve many related recent results in this direction in the literature.
Prosodic markers of satirical imitation
Authors: Leymann Saskia , Lentz Tomas O. , Burgers Christian
Published: September 2022

Satirical imitation is a popular format of late-night comedy shows and can provide political entertainment and education. However, little research has been conducted on how satirists mark their satirical intent to clue audiences in on their intended messaging. This study investigates the prosodic marking of satirical imitation and contrasts it with prosodic marking of irony. We conducted a detailed case study of the prosodic marking in Alec Baldwin’s satirical imitation of Donald Trump in his audiobook You Can’t Spell America Without Me contrasted with both Baldwin’s and Trump’s regular voices. The analyzed corpus contained six hours of audio material across the three sources. Through a combination of automatic and manual coding, we measured average pitch, pitch variation, and speech rate. Our analysis did not reveal marking of satirical imitation by pitch or pitch variation. The satirical imitation was only marked by a faster speech rate than both baseline voices. These findings contrast with previous studies that identified a lower pitch, less pitch variation, and a slower speech rate as markers of verbal irony. Our study provides first evidence that satirical imitation is prosodically marked differently from verbal irony, with a faster speech rate as one potential marker.
An extensive review of state-of-the-art transfer learning techniques used in medical imaging: Open issues and challenges
Authors: Mukhlif Abdulrahman Abbas , Al-Khateeb Belal , Mohammed Mazin Abed
Published: September 2022

Deep learning techniques, which use a massive technology known as convolutional neural networks, have shown excellent results in a variety of areas, including image processing and interpretation. However, as the depth of these networks grows, so does the demand for a large amount of labeled data required to train these networks. In particular, the medical field suffers from a lack of images because the procedure for obtaining labeled medical images in the healthcare field is difficult, expensive, and requires specialized expertise to add labels to images. Moreover, the process may be prone to errors and time-consuming. Current research has revealed transfer learning as a viable solution to this problem. Transfer learning allows us to transfer knowledge gained from a previous process to improve and tackle a new problem. This study aims to conduct a comprehensive survey of recent studies that dealt with solving this problem and the most important metrics used to evaluate these methods. In addition, this study identifies problems in transfer learning techniques and highlights the problems of the medical dataset and potential problems that can be addressed in future research. According to our review, many researchers use pre-trained models on the Imagenet dataset (VGG16, ResNet, Inception v3) in many applications such as skin cancer, breast cancer, and diabetic retinopathy classification tasks. These techniques require further investigation of these models, due to training them on natural, non-medical images. In addition, many researchers use data augmentation techniques to expand their dataset and avoid overfitting. However, not enough studies have shown the effect of performance with or without data augmentation. Accuracy, recall, precision, F1 score, receiver operator characteristic curve, and area under the curve (AUC) were the most widely used measures in these studies. Furthermore, we identified problems in the datasets for melanoma and breast cancer and suggested corresponding solutions.
Crystal structure of (E)-N′-(2-chloro-6-hydroxybenzylidene)-4- hydroxybenzohydrazide-water (1/1), C14H13Cl1N2O4
Authors: Liu Kun , Han Qiang , Zhao Kai-Hui , Zhong Qi-Di , Zhang Zhi-Fei
Published: September 2022

C14H13Cl1N2O4, monoclinic, I2/a (no. 15), a = 13.257(5) Å, b = 16.161(4) Å, c = 13.262(3) Å, β = 97.47(3)°, V = 2817.2(14) Å3, Z = 8, R

gt
(F) = 0.0578, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.1714, T = 293 K.