bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cross-Efficiency Evaluation Method Taking Management Objectives as Reference Points from Peer Perspective
Authors: Shi Hai-Liu , Chen Sheng-Qun , Wang Ying-Ming , Huang Yan
Published: July 2021

According to the management by objectives (MBO) theory, performance evaluations should take into account the achievement of management objectives (MOs). The most commonly used performance evaluation method — the cross-efficiency evaluation method — seldom considers the role of MOs as a reference point. According to the prospect theory, decision-makers underestimate the benefits that exceed the reference point; they also exaggerate the losses that fall below the reference point. This irrational psychology is more obvious when evaluating the performance evaluation of peers. As such, this paper proposes a cross-efficiency evaluation method based on prospect theory, which takes MOs as a reference point from a peer perspective. First, taking MOs as reference points, a decision-making unit (DMU) chooses a set of weights for each peer, in order to maximize or minimize the prospects of the peer, according to the benevolent or aggressive attitude of the DMU. In order to improve the adaptability of the method, the precise number of MOs is further extended to be an interval number. Finally, the relationship between models, which are based on precise MOs and interval MOs, is illustrated by propositions. Finally, numerical examples are provided to illustrate the applications of the proposed cross-efficiency evaluation method.
The modified high-order Haar wavelet scheme with Runge–Kutta method in the generalized Burgers–Fisher equation and the generalized Burgers–Huxley equation
Authors: Zhong Ming , Yang Qi-Jun , Tian Shou-Fu
Published: July 2021

In this work, we focus on the modified high-order Haar wavelet numerical method, which introduces the third-order Runge–Kutta method in the time layer to improve the original numerical format. We apply the above scheme to two types of strong nonlinear solitary wave differential equations named as the generalized Burgers–Fisher equation and the generalized Burgers–Huxley equation. Numerical experiments verify the correctness of the scheme, which improves the speed of convergence while ensuring stability. We also compare the CPU time, and conclude that our scheme has high efficiency. Compared with the traditional wavelets method, the numerical results reflect the superiority of our format.
Secure Multi-Subinterval Data Aggregation Scheme with Interval Privacy Preservation for Vehicle Sensing Systems
Authors: Hu Peng , Wang Yongli , Vajdi Ahmadreza , Gong Bei , Wang Yongjian
Published: July 2021

Road side units (RSUs) can act as fog nodes to perform data aggregation at the edge of network, which can reduce communication overhead and improve the utilization of network resources. However, because the RSU is public infrastructure, this feature may bring data security and privacy risks in data aggregation. In this paper, we propose a secure multi-subinterval data aggregation scheme, named SMDA, with interval privacy preservation for vehicle sensing systems. Specifically, our scheme combines the [Formula: see text] encoding theory and proxy re-encryption to protect interval privacy, this can ensure that the interval information is only known by the data center, and the RSU can classify the encrypted data without knowing the plaintext of the data and interval information. Meanwhile, our scheme employs the Paillier homomorphic encryption to accomplish data aggregation at the RSU, and the Identity-based batch authentication technology to solve authentication and data integrity. Finally, the security analysis and performance evaluations illustrate the safety and efficiency of our scheme.
A Color Image Encryption Scheme Based on a Hybrid Cascaded Chaotic System
Authors: Cheng Shanshan , Sun Jingru , Xu Cong
Published: July 2021

As image is an important way of information representation, researchers pay more and more attention on image encryption. In order to improve the performance of image encryption, a novel image encryption scheme based on a hybrid cascaded chaotic system and sectoral segmentation is proposed in this paper. Hybrid cascaded chaotic system has a larger key space, higher complexity, more sensitivity to initial conditions. Four chaotic sequences relevant to a plain image are generated by this system, which strengthen plaintext correlation and the randomness. During the scrambling process, sectoral segmentation focuses on how to extract a sequence from the disk storing data, which can not only reduce the correlation between the three components of the image, but also hide image information to a large extent. Further, a DNA algorithm is used in the diffusion process. Simulation shows that the proposed scheme can effectively resist various attacks and improve the encryption performance.
Analysis of Time Series Based on a New Entropy Plane by Using Weighted Dispersion Pattern
Authors: Qin Guyue , Shang Pengjian
Published: July 2021

Complexity is an important feature of complex time series. In this paper, we construct a weighted dispersion pattern and propose a new entropy plane using past Tsallis entropy and past Rényi entropy by using weighted dispersion pattern (PTEWD and PREWD, respectively), to quantify the complexity of time series. Through analyzing simulated data and actual data, we have verified the reliability of the entropy plane method. This entropy plane successfully distinguishes American and Chinese stock indexes, as well as developed and emergent stock markets. We introduce PTEWD and PREWD into multiscale settings, which could also well distinguish different stock markets. The results show that the new entropy plane could be used as an effective tool to distinguish financial markets.
Limit Cycles in Discontinuous Planar Piecewise Linear Systems Separated by a Nonregular Line of Center–Center Type
Authors: Zhao Qianqian , Wang Cheng , Yu Jiang
Published: July 2021

Many natural phenomena can be modeled as discontinuous dynamical systems separated by a nonregular line. The number and distribution of limit cycles in discontinuous linear systems are important topics for research. In this paper, we focus on the limit cycles created by discontinuous planar piecewise linear systems separated by a nonregular line of center–center type, and prove that such systems have at most two limit cycles, which can be reached. Furthermore, the two limit cycles are nested and intersect the separation line at two points or four points, that is, either both intersect the separation line at two points or one intersects the separation line at two points and the other one at four points.
b-Chromatic Sum and b-Continuity Property of Some Graphs
Authors: Lisna P. C. , Sunitha M. S.
Published: July 2021

A b-coloring of a graph [Formula: see text] is a proper coloring of the vertices of [Formula: see text] such that there exist a vertex in each color class joined to at least one vertex in each other color classes. The b-chromatic number of a graph [Formula: see text], denoted by [Formula: see text], is the largest integer [Formula: see text] such that [Formula: see text] has a b-coloring with [Formula: see text] colors. The b-chromatic sum of a graph [Formula: see text], denoted by [Formula: see text], is introduced and it is defined as the minimum of sum of colors [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text] for any [Formula: see text] in a b-coloring of [Formula: see text] using [Formula: see text] colors. A graph [Formula: see text] is b-continuous, if it admits a b-coloring with [Formula: see text] colors, for every [Formula: see text]. In this paper, the [Formula: see text]-continuity property of corona of two cycles, corona of two star graphs and corona of two wheel graphs with unequal number of vertices is discussed. The b-continuity property of corona of any two graphs with same number of vertices is also discussed. Also, the b-continuity property of Mycielskian of complete graph, complete bipartite graph and paths are discussed. The b-chromatic sum of power graph of a path is also obtained.
Addressing Nonfinancial and Financial Performance Issues of an Indian Manufacturing Organization Using SAP-LAP Framework Analysis
Authors: Kumar Sumit , Gupta Pradeep
Published: July 2021

In a manufacturing organization, there are several issues that directly or indirectly affect the performance of the organization. The performance of the organization is measured by both nonfinancial and financial parameters. In this paper, the selection of these parameters is supported by a brief literature review and the organization’s annual report for carrying out the analysis. The organization is analyzed using the SAP-LAP framework for the development of interpretive linkages. The organization was assessed for its current situations using the framework. The framework maps its key elements with performance measures. From the analysis, it can be concluded that actors like top management and cross-functional teams are the most influential actors among the others. Similarly, actions AN1: adoption of policy management and AN2: implementation of SQC tools are the most engaging actions among the others for addressing the performance parameters.
A Construction of Sequentially Cohen–Macaulay Graphs
Authors: Liu Aming , Wu Tongsuo
Published: July 2021

For every simple graph [Formula: see text], a class of multiple clique cluster-whiskered graphs [Formula: see text] is introduced, and it is shown that all such graphs are vertex decomposable; thus, the independence simplicial complex [Formula: see text] is sequentially Cohen–Macaulay. The properties of the graphs [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] constructed by Cook and Nagel are studied, including the enumeration of facets of the complex [Formula: see text] and the calculation of Betti numbers of the cover ideal [Formula: see text]. We also prove that the complex[Formula: see text] is strongly shellable and pure for either a Boolean graph [Formula: see text] or the full clique-whiskered graph [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text], which is obtained by adding a whisker to each vertex of [Formula: see text]. This implies that both the facet ideal [Formula: see text] and the cover ideal [Formula: see text] have linear quotients.
On Separable Schur Rings over Abelian Groups
Authors: Ryabov Grigory
Published: July 2021

A finite group is said to be weakly separable if every algebraic isomorphism between two [Formula: see text]-ringsover this group is induced by a combinatorial isomorphism. We prove that every abelian weakly separable group only belongs to one of several explicitly given families.
Gorenstein-Projective Modules over Morita Rings
Authors: Asefa Dadi
Published: July 2021

Let [Formula: see text] be a Morita ring which is an Artin algebra. In this paper we investigate the relations between the Gorenstein-projective modules over a Morita ring [Formula: see text] and the algebras [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. We prove that if [Formula: see text] is a Gorenstein algebra and both [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] (resp., both [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]) have finite projective dimension, then [Formula: see text] (resp., [Formula: see text]) is a Gorenstein algebra. We also discuss when the CM-freeness and the CM-finiteness of a Morita ring [Formula: see text] is inherited by the algebras [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text].
Electrochemical Affinity Assays/Sensors: Brief History and Current Status
Authors: Wehmeyer Kenneth R. , White Ryan J. , Kissinger Peter T. , Heineman William R.
Published: July 2021

The advent of electrochemical affinity assays and sensors evolved from pioneering efforts in the 1970s to broaden the field of analytes accessible to the selective and sensitive performance of electrochemical detection. The foundation of electrochemical affinity assays/sensors is the specific capture of an analyte by an affinity element and the subsequent transduction of this event into a measurable signal. This review briefly covers the early development of affinity assays and then focuses on advances in the past decade. During this time, progress on electroactive labels, including the use of nanoparticles, quantum dots, organic and organometallic redox compounds, and enzymes with amplification schemes, has led to significant improvements in sensitivity. The emergence of nanomaterials along with microfabrication and microfluidics technology enabled research pathways that couple the ease of use of electrochemical detection for the development of devices that are more user friendly, disposable, and employable, such as lab-on-a-chip, paper, and wearable sensors.
Algorithms and Decision-Making in the Public Sector
Authors: Levy Karen , Chasalow Kyla E. , Riley Sarah
Published: July 2021

This article surveys the use of algorithmic systems to support decision-making in the public sector. Governments adopt, procure, and use algorithmic systems to support their functions within several contexts—including criminal justice, education, and benefits provision—with important consequences for accountability, privacy, social inequity, and public participation in decision-making. We explore the social implications of municipal algorithmic systems across a variety of stages, including problem formulation, technology acquisition, deployment, and evaluation. We highlight several open questions that require further empirical research.
Secure Three‐Factor Anonymous User Authentication Scheme for Cloud Computing Environment
Authors: Lee Hakjun , Kang Dongwoo , Lee Youngsook , Won Dongho
Published: July 2021

Cloud computing provides virtualized information technology (IT) resources to ensure the workflow desired by user at any time and location; it allows users to borrow computing resources such as software, storage, and servers, as per their needs without the requirements of complicated network and server configurations. With the generalization of small embedded sensor devices and the commercialization of the Internet of Things (IoT), short‐ and long‐range wireless network technologies are being developed rapidly, and the demand for deployment of cloud computing for IoT is increasing significantly. Cloud computing, together with IoT technology, can be used to collect and analyse large amounts of data generated from sensor devices, and easily manage heterogeneous IoT devices such as software updates, network flow control, and user management. In cloud computing, attacks on users and servers can be a serious threat to user privacy. Thus, various user authentication schemes have been proposed to prevent different types of attacks. In this paper, we discuss the security and functional weakness of the related user authentication schemes used in cloud computing and propose a new elliptic curve cryptography‐ (ECC‐) based three‐factor authentication scheme to overcome the security shortcomings of existing authentication schemes. To confirm the security of the proposed scheme, we conducted both formal and informal analyses. Finally, we compared the performance of the proposed scheme with those of related schemes to verify that the proposed scheme can be deployed in the real world.
Plasma Cell Leukemia: A Review of 3 Cases Managed in Kenya
Authors: Ong’ondi Matilda , Kagotho Elizabeth
Published: July 2021

Plasma Cell Leukemia (PCL) is a rare and aggressive form of plasma cell dyscrasia that can arise either de novo (primary plasma cell leukemia) or evolve from previously diagnosed and treated multiple myeloma (secondary PCL). We highlight three clinical cases with very different presentations as a reminder of this diagnosis. The cases also highlight the diversity and variability that cover a patient’s journey that is highly dependent on accessibility based on financial capability and social support. The clinical presentation is more aggressive due to the higher tumour burden and more proliferative tumor cells with cytopenias being profound and more organomegaly. The diagnosis is made based on at least 20% of total white blood cells being circulating plasma cells with a peripheral blood absolute plasma cell count of at least 2 × 109/l. Treatment with novel agents followed by autologous stem cell transplant in those who are transplant eligible leads to better outcomes.
Cyclin B2 (CCNB2) Stimulates the Proliferation of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) Cells In Vitro and In Vivo
Authors: Wu Shuai , Su Rui , Jia Hongyan
Published: July 2021

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive type of breast cancer. Currently, targeting therapy makes great advances for the treatment of TNBC, whereas more effective therapeutic targets are urgently needed. Cyclin B2 (CCNB2), which belongs to B-type cyclins, is known as a cell cycle regulator. CCNB2 is synthesized at G1 phase in cancer cells and downregulated at anaphase. The defects of CCNB2 led to the abnormal cell cycle and tumorigenesis. Though there are wide effects of CCNB2 on multiple types of tumors, the potential role of CCNB2 in TNBC progression is still unclear. Herein, we found that CCNB2 was highly expressed in human TNBC tissues and correlated with the prognosis and clinical pathological features including tumor size (p=0.022∗) and pTNM stage (p=0.021∗) of patients with TNBC. CCNB2 could promote the proliferation of TNBC cells in vitro and in mice. Our findings therefore confirmed the involvement of CCNB2 in TNBC progression and provided the evidence that CCNB2 could serve as a promising molecular target of TNBC.
A High-Sensitivity Method Based on Advanced Optical Waveguide Technology to Detect HBsAg
Authors: Xiao Pingping , Hu Xiaoxiong
Published: July 2021

A novel method for the detection of the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) at low concentrations, using the ultrahigh-order guided mode acting as the probe excited by a symmetrical metal-cladding waveguide, is proposed. The method using the fact of the minimum value of the absorption peaks is proportional to the concentration of the sample to be detected to realize the detection of the hepatitis B virus at extremely low concentrations. It is realized that the low concentration of the HBsAg measurement relied on the principle of the minimum value of the absorption peak and the concentration having a good linear relationship. The measurement results indicate that this new method can precisely detect HBsAg at the concentrations in the lower region of the clinical gray area (i.e., below 20 ng/mL), the lower region of the current clinical gray area of HBsAg (below 20 ng/ml) can be measured, and the resolution can be reached (2 ng/mL).
Numerical Simulation of Characteristics of Wind Field at Bridge Sites in Flat and Gorge Terrains under the Thunderstorm Downburst
Authors: Hu Peng , Chen Yilin , Han Yan , Zhang Fei , Tang Yongjian
Published: July 2021

To investigate the effects of thunderstorm downburst on the characteristics of wind field at bridge sites in flat and gorge terrains, firstly, numerical simulation of wind fields in the flat terrain under the thunderstorm downburst was conducted through the SST k‐ω turbulence model, combined with the impinging jet technology. After verification of the reliability of the numerical model, settings, and methods, the characteristics of wind field over a long‐span bridge site in a gorge terrain under the thunderstorm downburst were investigated and the distributions of wind speed and wind attack angle in the flat and gorge terrains were compared. The results show that, under the effects of the thunderstorm downburst, the wind speeds are relatively maximum at the midspan point of the girder in the flat terrain. Besides, the farther away from the midspan point, the smaller the wind speeds, which is opposite to the case in the gorge terrain. The wind speeds at each typical monitoring point are basically the same in the two terrains, before the thunderstorm downburst hits the bridge girder. Later the wind speeds at each point in the gorge terrain are much higher than those in the flat terrain. Most wind attack angles are negative at the monitoring points in the flat terrain, but the farther away they are from the midspan point, the greater the wind attack angles will be. However, the wind attack angles at the monitoring points in the gorge terrain are generally larger than those in the flat terrain, and they gradually turn to be positive farther away from the midspan point. In the flat terrain, both wind speeds and wind attack angles (or their absolute values) at the girder are large within about t = 75∼130 s, indicating that the thunderstorm downburst may exert significant effects on the bridge. However, in the gorge terrain, due to the large wind speeds and wind attack angles (or their absolute values) at the girder after t = 75 s, full attention needs to be paid to the effects of the thunderstorm downburst during this period.
Psychosocial Factors in the Experience of Epilepsy: A Qualitative Analysis of Narratives
Authors: Mlinar Simona , Rener Primec Zvonka , Petek Davorina
Published: July 2021

Introduction. Epilepsy is a complex disease. The consequences of epilepsy are varied and manifested in all aspects of people with epilepsy’s (PWE) lives. The purpose of this study was to define individual experiences of epilepsy, expressed in narratives, and to find the stem of each narrative—a core event in the PWE’s experience of the disease around which they structure their overall narrative. Method. A qualitative, phenomenological research method was used. We conducted semistructured interviews with 22 PWE and analysed the content using a combination of inductive and deductive methods, based on which we determined the stem narratives. Results. The stem narrative of the epilepsy narrative is an important life experience of PWE. We divided the stem narratives into four groups: lifestyle changes, relationship changes, the consequences of the inciting incident, and the limitations of the disease. In our study, we found that the stem narrative was, in all but one case, a secondary (psychosocial) factor resulting from epilepsy, but not its symptom (epileptic seizure). The stem narrative, where aspects of life with epilepsy are exposed, points to a fundamental loss felt by PWE. Conclusion. The narrative of the experience of epilepsy has proven to be an important source of information about the disease and life of PWE and also about the aspects at the forefront of life with epilepsy. The secondary epilepsy factors that we identified in the stem narratives were the greatest burden for PWE in all cases but one.
The Association between Glomerular Diameter and Secondary Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis in Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Zamami Ryo , Kohagura Kentaro , Kinjyo Kojiro , Nakamura Takuto , Kinjo Takanori , Yamazato Masanobu , Ishida Akio , Ohya Yusuke
Published: July 2021

Introduction: When nephron loss occurs, the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is suggested to be maintained by glomerular hypertrophy, but excessive hypertrophy can rather lead to the formation of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), thereby causing progressive kidney damage. However, it is not clear how much glomerular hypertrophy leads to the formation of FSGS. We examined the association between glomerular diameter and FSGS lesions in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. Methods: We recruited 77 patients who underwent renal biopsy during 2016–2017; however, those identified with primary FSGS and glomerulonephritis with active glomerular lesion were excluded. We evaluated the maximal glomerular diameter (Max GD), an indicator of glomerular size, in each renal biopsy specimen and examined its association with FSGS lesion. Results: The median age, blood pressure, and estimated GFR of the patients were 53 years, 122/70 mm Hg, and 65 mL/min/1.73 m2, respectively. The optimal cutoff threshold of Max GD for predicting the presence of FSGS lesions, assessed by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, was determined to be at 224 μm (area under the curve, 0.81; sensitivity, 81%; specificity, 72%). Multivariate logistic regression analyses demonstrated that Max GD ≥224 μm was significantly associated with the presence of FSGS lesions, independent of other confounding factors (odds ratio, 11.70; 95% confidence interval, 1.93–70.84). Discussion/Conclusion: Glomerular hypertrophy (Max GD ≥224 μm) has been associated with FSGS lesions in CKD patients and may reflect the limits of the compensatory process.
Lichen Planus Pigmentosus Inversus: A Rare Subvariant of Lichen Planus Pigmentosus
Authors: Guertler Anne , Evenschor Natalie , Seegraeber Marlene , French Lars Einar , Weiler Véronique , Flaig Michael , Hartmann Daniela
Published: July 2021

Lichen planus pigmentosus inversus (LPPI) is a rare subvariant of Lichen planus pigmentosus (LPP), presenting with sharply defined brown to gray macules, papules, and plaques limited to the intertriginous areas, with only a few cases reported in the medical literature so far. While LPP mostly affects patients with Fitzpatrick skin type III–IV in sun-exposed areas such as the neck, LPPI is seen in Caucasians and spares sun-exposed areas. Skin lesions tend to be very refractory to treatment attempts including potent topical steroids and oral corticosteroids. Given the increased penetration of potent topical steroids and the high risk of skin atrophy, especially when applied to intertriginous areas, this case shows that topical calcineurin inhibitors (tacrolimus 0.1%) might offer an effective and safe treatment option for LPPI.
Pseudomonas-Contaminated Pool Triggering an Episode of Idiopathic Palmoplantar Hidradenitis
Authors: Barradah Rasheed K.
Published: July 2021

Idiopathic palmoplantar hidradenitis (IPPH) is a disorder that mainly affects the palms and soles of children. Although many cases have been reported to occur after recreational swimming activities, whether IPPH is caused by intense physical activity or by Pseudomonas infection has yet to be proven. We report a case of a 3-year-old girl who presented with IPPH after swimming in a pool with evidence of P. aeruginosa contamination, further solidifying the association between Pseudomonas and IPPH.
Epidemiology of Epilepsy in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Experience of a Standardized Questionnaire over the Past Two Decades
Authors: Vergonjeanne Marion , Auditeau Emilie , Erazo Daniells , Luna Jaime , Gelle Thibaut , Gbessemehlan Antoine , Boumediene Farid , Preux Pierre-Marie ,   QUINET Collaboration
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Epilepsy affects >50 million people worldwide, with 80% of them living in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Studies with a standardized methodology are required to obtain comparable data on epilepsy and implement health policies in order to reduce the treatment gap and improve the diagnosis and management of epilepsy. In 2000, following the guidelines of the International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE), the “questionnaire for investigation of epilepsy in tropical countries” (IENT questionnaire) was developed to promote epidemiological surveys on epilepsy using a standard methodology. This study aims to describe how, when, where, and why the IENT questionnaire has been used through epidemiological studies on epilepsy over the last 2 decades and to acquire users’ opinions about the tool. Methods: Studies that used the IENT questionnaire were searched through international and local bibliographic databases, including the gray literature. An online survey was carried out, including a snowball effect. Original research studies were included. Characteristics of the studies and populations and general information on the instrument and its use were collected. Results: Eighty-two documents were selected referring to 61 studies that were mostly carried out on the African continent (n = 54). Most of them aimed to determine the prevalence (n = 31) and associated factors (n = 28) of epilepsy in LMICs. Among the 61 studies, 35 were population-based, and 30 included both adults and children. A methodological heterogeneity was found between studies, and in cases where the IENT questionnaire alone did not ensure complete data collection, other tools were used concomitantly (n = 40). Discussion/Conclusion: Over the last 2 decades, the IENT questionnaire has been continuously used in different LMICs. This result favors its promotion and updating, with the inclusion of new topics related to epilepsy (e.g., comorbidities, quality of life, and stigma), current ILAE guidelines, and digital versions.
Efficacy of Chininum Sulphuricum 30C against Malaria: An in vitro and in vivo Study
Authors: Suri Mansi , Katnoria Sapna , Walter Neha Sylvia , Manchanda Raj Kumar , Khurana Anil , Nayak Debadatta , Bagai Upma , Kaur Sukhbir
Published: July 2021

Background: New effective, economical and safe antimalarial drugs are urgently needed due to the development of multi-drug-resistant strains of the parasite. Homeopathy uses ultra-diluted doses of various substances to stimulate autoregulatory and self-healing processes to cure various ailments. The aim of the study was to evaluate the in vitro and in vivo antimalarial efficacy of a homeopathic drug, Chininum sulphuricum 30C. Methods: In vitro antiplasmodial activity was screened against the P. falciparum chloroquine-sensitive (3D7) strain, and cell viability was assessed against normal human dermal fibroblasts and HepG2 cells. Suppressive, preventive and curative studies were carried out against P. berghei-infected mice in vivo. Results: Chininum sulphuricum (30C) revealed good antiplasmodial activity in vitro, with 92.79 ± 6.93% inhibition against the 3D7 strain. The cell viability was 83.6 ± 0.6% against normal human dermal fibroblasts and 95.22 ± 5.1% against HepG2 cells. It also exhibited suppressive efficacy with 95.56% chemosuppression on day 7 with no mortality throughout the follow-up period of 28 days. It also showed preventive activity against the disease. Drug treatment was also safe to the liver and kidney function of the host as evidenced by biochemical studies. Conclusion: Chininum sulphuricum 30C exhibited considerable antimalarial activity along with safety to the liver and kidney function of the host.
Association between Oral Microbiome and Esophageal Diseases: A State-of-the-Art Review
Authors: Bernard Rachel , Fazili Irtiqa , Rajagopala Seesandra V. , Das Suman R. , Hiremath Girish
Published: July 2021

Background: Esophageal conditions result in significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. There is growing enthusiasm for discerning the role of microbiome in esophageal diseases. Conceivably, the focus has been on examining the role of local microbiome in esophageal diseases although this is somewhat limited by the invasive approach required to sample the esophageal tissue. Given the ease of sampling the oral cavity combined with the advances in genomic techniques, there is immense interest in discovering the role of the oral microbiome in esophageal conditions. Summary: In this review, we aim to discuss the current evidence highlighting the association between the oral microbiome and esophageal diseases. In particular, we have focused on summarizing the alterations in oral microbiome associated with malignant, premalignant, and benign esophageal cancers, inflammatory and infectious conditions, and esophageal dysmotility diseases. Identifying alterations in the oral microbiome is a key to advancing our understanding of the etiopathogenesis and progression of esophageal diseases, promoting novel diagnostics, and laying the foundation for personalized treatment approaches. Key Messages: Further studies are needed to unravel the mechanisms by which the oral microbiome influences the development and progression of esophageal diseases, as well as to investigate whether alterations in the oral microbiome can impact the natural history of various esophageal diseases.
LncRNA H19 Promoted the Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition and Metastasis in Gastric Cancer via Activating Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling
Authors: Liu Jiang , Wang Gang , Zhao Jian , Liu Xinxin , Zhang Kai , Gong Guanwen , Pan Huafeng , Jiang Zhiwei
Published: July 2021

Background: Due to a combination of high morbidity and lack of effective treatments, gastric cancer (GC) remains a major cause of cancer-related death all over the world. H19, as a paternally imprinted long noncoding RNA (lncRNA), has been found dysregulated in GC. Aim: The aim of this study is to elucidate the specific mechanism of H19 in GC. Methods: Bioinformatic analysis and quantitative real-time PCR analysis were utilized to test the expression pattern of H19 in GC tissues and cell lines. Wound healing, transwell, immunofluorescence assay, and Western blot assays were conducted to test cell malignant phenotypes. Meanwhile, TOP/FOP flash assay was to analyze the relationship of H19 and Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Also, mice xenograft models were to evaluate the influence of H19 on tumor growth. Results: H19 was overexpressed in GC tissues and cell lines and related to poor prognosis for GC patients. In vitro and in vivo assays verified the promotion of H19 on GC cell epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) and metastasis. Mechanistically, H19 could induce β-catenin to transfer into nucleus and activate Wnt/β-catenin signaling, thus promoting EMT and metastasis of GC cells. Conclusion: Our findings proved the mechanism of H19-mediated metastasis via activating Wnt/β-catenin signaling, which provides a promising target for developing new therapeutic strategies in GC.
Management switching angles real-time prediction by artificial neural network
Authors: Jubair Al-Hiealy Mohammed Rasheed , Majed Shikh Mohammad Shahir Bin Abdul , Jalil Abdurrahman Bin , Rahman Suhaila Abdul , Jarrah Muath
Published: July 2021

Artificial neural networks (ANNs) is an efficient way for different types of real-world prediction problems. In the past decade, it has given a tremendous surge in a global research activities. ANNs embody much certainty and provide a great deal of promise This paper has present artificial neural network (ANN) technique analysis and prediction for management switching angles real-time. The proposes to be used ANN for prediction and selected obtine angles for implement the timing diagram for mulitlvel inverter circuit. In order to control the fundamental component, ANNs are used to solve the analysis of non-linear equation of the output timing diagram in order to determine the switching angles. Substantially, the number of switching devices are reducing as possible basically for reducing a switching loss in the system, also have been used ANNs technique to optimize a switching angles behavior to reduce total harmonic distortion (THD) at voltage and current output waveform equal THDV 8.05% THDA 5.1%. For the proposed controllers, the performance and results by the ANNs were obtained and compared by using MATLAB software.
Geolocation based air pollution mobile monitoring system
Authors: Talib Aya Mazin , Jasim Mahdi Nsaif
Published: July 2021

Air pollution is conducted to harmful substances like solid particles, gases or liquid droplets. More pollutants CO, SO2, NOx, CO2.This research is proposed the design and implementation of mobile, low cost and accurate air pollution monitoring system using Arduino microcontroller and gas sensor like MQ2, MQ131, MQ135, MQ136, DHT22, measuring materials mentioned above, smoke, Acetone, Alcohol, LPG, Toluene, temperature, humidity and GPS sensor”NEO-6M” that track the location of air pollution data, and display the analysis result on ESRI maps. The system also save the results on SQL server DB. The data is classified using data mining algorithms, presenting the result on a map helps governmental organizations, nature guards, and ecologists to analyze data in real time to simplify the decision making process. The proposed system uses J48 pruning tree classifier generated using cross validation of fold (10) with highest accuracy 100%, while IBK ≈99.67, Naïve bays ≈90.89, and SVM ≈81.4. It’s found that the common air quality for Baghdad (study area) is between (“Good”, “Satisfactory”, and “Moderately”) for 1835 records of air samples during (January and February 2021) time period.
Automatic control of motors through Simocode pro, and its effect on the performance of the process of filling and dispensing of chemical inputs
Authors: Chamorro-Atalaya Omar , Sanchez-Ayte Augusto , Dávila-Ignacio Carlos , Ortega-Galicio Orlando , Alvarado-Bravo Nestor , Torres-Quiroz Almintor , Aldana-Trejo Florcita
Published: July 2021

This article aims to describe the design of an automatic control system for the automated management of motor drives through Simocode pro; and determine the effect from the quantitative point of view on the performance of the filling and dispatch process of chemical inputs from the perspective of dispatch time and the amount of input spilled in the tank filling stage. For this, the programming of the programmable logic controller was carried out using the simatic step 7 software, then the distributed control system (DCS Siemens S410) was programmed, using the PCS7 V8.1 software, where the control logic and simocode pro integration is carried out through the profibus protocol, which is monitored from an human-machine interface (HMI) interface. Once the control system was implemented, it was possible to reduce the operating time from 60 minutes on average to 35 minutes, which reflects an improvement of 41.66%; this in turn generates an increase in the number of tank filling by 62.84%. Likewise, it is possible to reduce the amount of chemical inputs spilled in the filling stage; this improvement represents 88.60%.
Detection of anthropogenic objects based on the spatial characteristics of their contour in aerial image
Authors: Hammed Hayder Makki , Hilal Almiahi Osama Majeed , Shauchuk Oksana
Published: July 2021

In this paper, an analysis is performed for the spatial characteristics of the contours of aerial images that are homogeneous in brightness to determine the parameters that make it possible to identify anthropogenic objects with a higher probability. A complex criterion is proposed for the regions, which homogenous in brightness and an algorithm for detecting anthropogenic objects, which takes into account its area, the ratio of the total length of long contour fragments to the total length of the contour, the concentration of corners and endpoints of the contour. Also, when deciding on anthropogenicity, the particular characteristics of the contour of a homogeneous segment are used, depending on the number of long fragments of the contour. Using the proposed criterion, an algorithm of searching anthropogenic objects based on the analysis of contour elements (its shape, size and concentration) is developed. The proposed algorithm allows reducing the probability of skipping the anthropogenic object in comparison with the spatial anomaly search algorithm.
Efficient hearing aid algorithm using DCT with uniformly re-sampled and recursively modified audiogram values
Authors: Swamy K. Ayyappa , Alex Zachariah C.
Published: July 2021

People with the hearing problems have different listening preferences and characteristics in hearing loss. So, hearing aids need algorithms that provide amplification based on frequency, so that the hearing-impaired persons can use hearing aids comfortably for a long duration. In this paper, a new algorithm is proposed for hearing aids in order to compensate for sensorineural and conductive hearing loss using discrete cosine transform (DCT). DCT coefficients of the input audio signal are multiplied with uniformly resampled and recursively modified audiogram values to compensate for hearing loss. This algorithm comprised of 4 stages namely precomputation to calculate gain values from audiogram, DCT, gain adjustment, and inverse DCT. In the above stated stages except precomputation, each stage requires only one matrix multiplication, which makes the proposed algorithm computational efficient. Performance of the proposed algorithm is compared with uniform filter banks, non-uniform filter banks, variable filter bank and reconfigurable filter banks. The algorithm is tested using audiograms with four different hearing loss cases. It is proved that the proposed algorithm provides less complexity, minimized delay and better matching with all types of audiograms, further, it also avoids degradation of audio signal due to sampling rate conversions in variable and reconfigurable filter banks.
Influence of loopback interference channel in energy harvesting full-duplex relaying network over block rayleigh fading channel: performance analysis
Authors: Tin Phu Tran , Phan Van-Duc , Vu Le Anh
Published: July 2021

The main idea of this paper is to investigate the system performance (SP) ofenergy harvesting FD relaying network over block rayleigh fading channelunder the influence of the loopback interference channel. In the first stage,we proposed the system modeland analyzed the energy harvesting and theinformation transmission phases. Furthermore, the mathematical form for theoutage probability (OP) is analyzed and derived in two kinds of loopbackinterference: residual self-interference is modeled as AWGN vàresidual self-interference is still a random variable. All the mathematical, analyticalexpressions are verified using the Monte Carlo simulation.
Harumanis mango leaf disease recognition system using image processing technique
Authors: JM. Gining R. A. , M. Fauzi S. S. , Yusoff N. M . , Razak T. R. , Ismail M. H. , Zaki N. A. , Abdullah F.
Published: July 2021

Current Harumanismango farming technique in Malaysia still mostlydepends on the farmers' own expertise to monitor the crops from the attack ofpests and insects. This approach is susceptible to human errors, and thosewho do not possess this skill may not be able to detect the disease at the righttime. As leaf diseases seriously affect the crop's growth and the quality of theyield, this study aims to develop a recognition system that detects thepresence of disease in the mango leaf using image processing technique.First, the image is acquired through a smartphone camera; once it has beenpre-processed, it is then segmented in which the RGB image is converted toan HSI image, then the features are extracted. Lastly, the classification ofdisease is done to determine thetype of leaf disease. The proposed systemeffectively detects and classify the disease with an accuracy of 68.89%. Thefindings of this project will contribute to farmers and society's benefit, andresearchers can use the approach to address similar issues in future works.
Development of a model for evaluating the effectiveness of innovative startups based on information cycles and using neural networks
Authors: Viktor Morozov , Anna Kolomiiets , Olga Mezentseva
Published: July 2021

An integrated approach to the creation and development of innovative startup projects in the field of information technology is considered. To conduct research, the authors proposed a model of information cycles of startup projects based on the creation of an information model of such projects. At the same time there are dynamic processes of changes in the parameters of the model, which are turbulent in nature and require the use of tools and methods of artificial intelligence for research. The key areas of knowledge of such influence are defined. The mathematical model of processes of management of development of IT startups on the basis of creation and development of a difficult IT product, taking into account influences of environments of the project is constructed, the basic characteristics are allocated and parameters are defined. To do this, the construction of predictive models is proposed to be carried out by modified Demarc trends, the method of self-organization and the neural network. The modeling of the main objective functions of the mathematical model of these processes is performed. The analysis of the received results is carried out and the conclusions are made.
An analysis of CRM practices in the telecommunication industry in Iraq
Authors: Riyadh Hosam Alden , Alfaiza Salsabila Aisyah , Sultan Abdulsatar Abduljabbar , Faaeq Munadil K. , Dananjoyo Radyan
Published: July 2021

Today, concerning the capacityto react straight for wardly to client demands and offer the client a profound experience that is customized and interactive, organizations in the telecommunication industry must have the capacity toset up, support and continue the connections toward long-term clients. This study attempts to analyze and observe the customer relationship management (CRM) practices that affectfirm performance telecommunication corporations. Thus, the study employed a qualitative method, the primary data were obtained using the questionnaire and the respondents consisted of 100 people. The results propose that customer relationships' management factors included the gathering of information, the processing of data, the management of information, the loyalty of customers, and the retention of customers with significantly related to the performance of a firm in the industry of telecommunication in Iraq.
Designing a secure campus network and simulating it using Cisco packet tracer
Authors: Ahmed Alaa H. , A. Al-Hamadani Mokhaled N.
Published: July 2021

The network is a massive part of life today. It participates not only on one side of life but in nearly every station, especially in educational organizations. The key aim of education is to share data and knowledge, making the network important for education. In particular, it is essential to ensure the exchange of information; thus, no one can corrupt it. To safe and trustworthy transfers between users, integrity and reliability are crucial questions in all data transfer problems. Therefore, we have developed a secure campus network (SCN) for sending and receiving information among high-security end-users. We created a topology for a campus of multi networks and virtual local area networks (VLANs’) using cisco packet tracer. We also introduced the most critical security configurations, the networking used in our architecture. We used a large number of protocols to protect and accommodate the users of the SCN scheme.
An ensemble feature selection approach using hybrid kernel based SVM for network intrusion detection system
Authors: Gopal Gaddam Venu , Babu Gatram Rama Mohan
Published: July 2021

Feature selection is a process of identifying relevant feature subset that leads to the machine learning algorithm in a well-defined manner. In this paper, anovel ensemble feature selection approach that comprises of Relief  Attribute Evaluation and hybrid kernel-based support vector machine (HK-SVM) approach is proposed as a feature selection method for network intrusion detection system (NIDS). A Hybrid approach along with the combination of Gaussian and Polynomial methods is used as a kernel for support vector machine (SVM). The key issue is to select a feature subset that yields good accuracy at a minimal computational cost. The proposed approach is implemented and compared with classical SVM and simple kernel. Kyoto2006+, a bench mark intrusion detection dataset,is used for experimental evaluation and then observations are drawn.
Numerical solution of Drinfeld–Sokolov–Wilso system by using modified Adomian decomposition method
Authors: Salim Badran Jasim , Jasim Oday Ahmed , Ali Zeiad Yahya
Published: July 2021

In this paper, the modified Adomian decomposition method (MADM) is usedto solve different types of differential equations, one of the numerical analysis methods for solving non linear partial differential equations (Drinfeld–Sokolov–Wilson system) and short (DSWS) that occur in shallow water flows. A Genetic Algorithm was used to find the optimal value for the parameter (a). We numerically solved the system (DSWS) and compared the result to the exact solution. When the value of it is low and close to zero, the MADM provides an excellent approximation to the exact solution. As well as the lower value of leads to the numerical algorithm of (MADM) approaching the real solution.  Finally, found the optimal value when a=-10 by using the Genetic Algorithm (G-MADM). All the computations were carried out with the aid of Maple 18 and Matlab to find the parameter value (a) by using the genetic algorithm as well as to figures drawing. The errors in this paper resulted from cut errors and mean square errors.