bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Trajetórias escolares e sentidos atribuídos à escola entre a tradição e a modernidade: perfis de jovens açorianos
Authors: Diogo Ana Matias
Published: December 2016

No  quadro  da  crise  de  oportunidades  juvenis  e  dos  processos  deindividualização das sociedades contemporâneas, a experiência escolar dos jovens tem vindo a alterar-se. Mais prolongada, mas também marcadamente instrumental,  baseada  no  reconhecimento  da  utilidade  dos  diplomas,  e simultaneamente expressiva, na medida em que se associa à busca da realização  pessoal.  Tais  tendências  não  impedem  que  esta  experiência continue a ser fortemente estruturada por desigualdades. Analisamos o caso da  Região Autónoma  dos Açores,  um  território  marcado  por  indicadores educacionais  particularmente  desfavoráveis.  A  partir  da  análise  de  uma amostra representativa dos jovens açorianos, entre os 15 e os 34 anos, identificam-se diversos perfis relativamente à sua trajetória escolar e sentido atribuído à escola. A par de um reconhecimento generalizado do valor da escola,  que  atravessa  os  vários  perfis,  salienta-se  a  diversidade  de experiências  (mais  instrumental  ou  mais  expressiva)  e  a  fragilidade  dos percursos escolares de muitos jovens açorianos, caraterizados pela exclusão,penosidade e insucesso.Palavras-chave: Trajetórias  escolares;  Sentidos  atribuídos  à  escola;  Perfis  de  jovens; Desigualdades sociais ABSTRACTIn  the  context  of  the  crisis  of  youth  opportunities  and individualization processes of contemporary societies, the school experience of young people is changing. Longer, but also markedly instrumental, based on the recognition of  the  utility  of  certificates,  and  also  expressive,  to  the  extent  that  it  is associated to the quest of personal fulfillment. Trends that do not prevent that this experience continues to be strongly structured by inequalities. We analyze the  case  of  the Azores,  marked  by  particularly  unfavourable educational indicators. Based on the analysis of a representative sample of Azorean youngsters, with 15-34 years, different profiles are identified, in relation to their school  pathways  and  meaning  ascribed  to  school. Along  with  a  general recognition of the value ascribed to school, which crosses the various profiles, we  highlight  the  diversity  of  experiences  (more  instrumental  or  more expressive)  and  the  fragility  of  education  pathways  of  many  youngsters, characterized by exclusion, painfulness and failure.Keywords: School  pathways;  Meanings  ascribed  to  school;  Youth  profiles;  Social inequalities.
Escrever para aprender no ensino básico: das conceções dos professores... às práticas dos alunos
Authors: Pinto Mariana Oliveira , Pereira Luísa Álvares
Published: December 2016

Este artigo assenta na problemática da escrita como objeto de construção de conhecimentos e acentua a importância de os professores fazerem uma mediação da aprendizagem desta vertente da escrita. O objetivo deste texto é apresentar alguns resultados de um estudo no qual se analisam, num primeiro momento, as conceções e práticas de professores dos três ciclos do ensino básico e, posteriormente, as atividades de seleção de informação e escrita de uma exposição dos alunos de uma turma do 4º ano de escolaridade. Os resultados evidenciam ausência de critérios específicos de avaliação e a utilização de instruções de escrita pouco orientadoras da produção de um determinado (género de) texto por parte dos alunos. Por sua vez, estes revelaram dificuldades quer na seleção de informação, quer na produção do género pedido, já que o texto final apresenta uma colagem de partes de textos lidos, sem qualquer configuração textual regida pelo género.Palavras-chave: escrever para aprender; exposição escrita; ensino básico; géneros textuais ABSTRACTThis article focuses on the issue of writing as a knowledge construction object and highlights the importance of teacher mediation on the learning of this type of writing. The goal of this text is to present some results from a study that analysed, initially, the conceptions and practices of teachers from each of the three cycles of Portuguese compulsory education (K-1 to K-9), and afterwards, the activities of information selection and of writing an exposition text by students from a fourth grade class (K-4). Results show a lack of specific criteria in evaluating writing and the use of writing instructions that would be insufficient in guiding the students to write a specific text (genre). On the students’ part, they revealed difficulties in both information selection and in the production of the requested genre, since their final text presents a collage of read texts, without the textual configuration required by the genre.Keywords: write to learn; written exposition; compulsory education; text genre.
Distribución de biomasa aérea en un bosque de Pinus patula bajo gestión forestal en Zacualtipán, Hidalgo, México
Authors: Chávez-Aguilar Griselda , Ángeles-Pérez Gregorio , Pérez-Suárez Marlín , López-López Miguel Ángel , García-Moya Edmundo , Wayson Craig
Published: December 2016

La acumulación y distribución de biomasa hacia los componentes estructurales de los árboles es determinante en bosques manejados, tanto en términos de productividad maderable como en la reactivación de diversos procesos ecosistémicos. En el presente estudio se analizó el patrón de acumulación de biomasa aérea total (BAT) y su asignación hacia fuste, ramas, corteza y follaje en una cronosecuencia de un bosque de Pinus patula bajo aprovechamiento forestal en Zacualtipán, Hidalgo. Mediante el uso de ecuaciones alométricas se estimó la BAT y por componente estructural de los árboles en rodales con diferentes años después de la cosecha, en diferentes años de remedición (años 2005, 2008 y 2012). Se encontró que la BAT aumentó con el tiempo después de la cosecha, con diferencias estadísticas significativas (p < 0.0001) entre los rodales. El rodal de 30 años después de la cosecha presentó una biomasa aérea total (BAT) de 178.1 Mg ha-1, la cual resultó solo 20% menor a la observada en el rodal sin cosecha (AN), lo que indica que un bosque bajo aprovechamiento podría alcanzar niveles de biomasa aérea similares a la del AN, en un menor tiempo. La asignación de biomasa aérea (BA) presentó el siguiente orden: fuste> ramas> corteza> follaje. Esta asignación de BA fue favorecida hacia fuste como un producto maderable comercial, objetivo principal de estos bosques bajo producción. El patrón de asignación de BA entre los componentes estructurales de los árboles puede ser incorporado como base para el diseño de prácticas silvicuturales en los programas de manejo forestal y contribuir en la evaluación de la sustentabilidad de los bosques. Además, puede clarificar el papel de los bosques regenerados después de los aprovechamientos en la fijación y almacenamiento de bióxido de carbono atmosférico.
Diversidad, composición florística y estructura en el Chaco Serrano, Argentina
Authors: Hernández Patricia , Giménez Ana María
Published: December 2016

Es esencial evaluar la biodiversidad forestal para conservar eficazmente y ordenar de forma sostenible los recursos forestales. Las políticas recientes en torno a la biodiversidad no responden solamente a la pérdida de especies biológicas sino también a su importante papel en el equilibrio ecológico del planeta. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue analizar la diversidad estructural y composición florística de un bosque del Chaco Serrano, en 16 parcelas con diseño de muestreo sistemático según dos niveles de altura y cuatro transectas principales. Se relevaron en los estratos arbóreo y arbustivo las variables especie, número de individuos y altura total. Se analizaron patrón de distribución horizontal y estructura vertical; se calcularon índices fitosociológicos, de diversidad y de importancia leñoso (IVIL) para determinar importancia ecológica de las especies por estrato. El bosque estudiado se encontró como una masa heterogénea en referencia a su composición florística. En el gradiente altitudinal no presentó diferencias significativas en cuanto a la diversidad florística, en el latitudinal sí. Al estrato arbustivo correspondieron 70% de las especies, el IVIL mostró mayores valores para tres arbustos: Acacia praecox, Ruprechtia apetala, Ruprechtia triflora, seguidos por una especie arbórea: Caesalpinia paraguarensis. Los datos se ajustaron al modelo serie normal logarítmica que caracteriza comunidades grandes, estables, en equilibrio y se encuentran en un estadio sucesional intermedio.
Evaluación de dos barnices mediante intemperismo acelerado, aplicados en madera de plantaciones
Authors: Rivera-Nava Juana Laura , Borja de la Rosa Amparo , Corona-Ambriz Alejandro , Flores-Velázquez Rogelio , Machuca Velasco Roberto
Published: December 2016

En este estudio se determinó la vida útil de dos sistemas de acabado, uno base agua y otra base solvente, mediante intemperismo acelerado. Los barnices empleados son de la marca comercial Polyform® (Hydroform® y 11000®). Se aplicaron en madera de Cedrela odorata L. (cedro rojo) y Roseodendron donnell-smithii (Rose) Miranda (primavera) provenientes de plantaciones comerciales de siete años del estado de Veracruz, México. La vida útil de los acabados se estimó con la función de distribución acumulativa del modelo Weibull. La vida útil para el barniz Hydroform® fue de 1.02 años en cedro rojo y 2.18 años en primavera, mientras que para el Barniz 11000® fue de 3.70 años en cedro rojo y 8.99 años en primavera. De acuerdo con el tiempo estimado de la vida útil de los acabados empleados en esta investigación, se recomienda utilizar el Barniz 11000® más que el Hydroform® en exteriores.
Editorial
Authors: Dávalos-Sotelo Raymundo
Published: December 2016

no aplica.
KARAKTERISTIK BUTIR SOAL UN BAHASA INGGRIS SMK DI KABUPATEN TABALONG KALIMANTAN SELATAN TAHUN AKADEMIK 2010/2011
Authors: Hanafi Ahmad , Suhardi Suhardi
Published: December 2016

Hasil analisis kualitatif terhadap butir soal UN bahasa Inggris SMK TA 2010/2011 di Kabupa-ten Tabalong menunjukkan karakteristik bahwa dari 50 butir soal yang ada, setiap butir mengandung aspek materi, konstruksi, dan bahasa yang secara umum dapat dinyatakan sesuai. Kelemahan aspek materi, kurang sesuai standar kompetensi lulusan dan aspek konstruksi, pada penggunaan gambar, gra-fik, tabel, diagram atau sejenisnya yang belum berfungsi dengan baik. Hasil analisis kuantitatif mene-rapkan CTT mendapatkan temuan indeks kesukarannya baik, indeks daya pembeda, semua distraktor-nya berfungsi efektif, dan soal cukup reliabel. Analisis kuantitatif menerapkan IRT mendapatkan 27 butir cocok dengan model 3PL, meskipun sampel kurang memadai. Hasil pemetaan kualitas pembel-ajaran bahasa Inggris berbasis hasil UN bahasa Inggris SMK menunjukkan bahwa di Kabupaten Tabalong, SMK Tabalong paling unggul. Pada urutan berikutnya, SMKN 1 Tanjung, SMKN 1 Muara Uya, SMKN 1 Haruai, SMKN 1 Banua Lawas, dan SMK An Noor Paliat. Kata Kunci: UN dan Karakteristik butir
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN KOSAKATA BAHASA INGGRIS BERBANTUAN KOMPUTER UNTUK SISWA SMP KELAS VII
Authors: Bastani Bastani , Suyata Pujiati
Published: December 2016

Penelitian ini bertujuan: (1) menghasilkan media pembelajaran kosakata bahasa Inggris berbantuan komputer untuk siswa SMP kelas VII; dan (2) mengetahui kelayakan media pada aspek materi, pemrograman, dan tampilan. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian dan pengembangan dengan menggunakan model pengembangan Borg & Gall dan Alessi & Trollip’s yang telah dimodifikasi. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan melalui tiga tahap, yaitu perencanaan, desain, dan pengembangan. Tahap perencanaan meliputi penetapan tujuan dan penganalisisan kebutuhan. Tahap desain meliputi penyelenggaraan focus group discussion, pembuatan flowchart, storyboard, penyiapan materi, dan bahan pendukung. Tahap pengembangan meliputi pembuatan aplikasi berdasarkan flowchart dan storyboard, validasi ahli dan validasi pengguna. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuesioner/angket dan tes. Hasil penelitian dan pengembangan ini adalah: (1) produk media pembelajaran kosakata bahasa Inggris berbantuan komputer dalam bentuk CD pembelajaran dan print out produk; dan (2) kelayakan media ditinjau dari aspek materi termasuk kriteria sangat layak dengan rata-rata skor 4,47 pada skala lima, aspek pemrograman termasuk kriteria sangat layak dengan rata-rata skor 4,21 dan aspek tampilan termasuk kriteria sangat layak dengan rata-rata skor 4,44. Kata kunci: pengembangan, media pembelajaran, kosakata, pembelajaran berbantuan komputer.
VARIASI KELUASAN MAKNA INTERPERSONAL TEKS TRANSLASIONAL LINTAS BAHASA NOVEL BOTCHAN BERBAHASA JEPANG DAN INDONESIA
Authors: Permata Sari Christine Dian , Tanjung Sufriati
Published: December 2016

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan mendeskripsikan variasi keluasan makna inter-personal (KMI) teks translasional lintas bahasa novel Botchan berbahasa Jepang dan Indonesia, faktor-faktor penyebab variasi KMI, serta pengaruh variasi KMI terhadap kesepadanan makna teks terjemah-an. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif-kualitatif. Sumber data primer penelitian yaitu novel Botchan dalam bahasa Jepang (T1) dan bahasa Indonesia (T2) disertai data sekunder berupa hasil wawancara. Data penelitian berwujud klausa yang difokuskan pada makna interpersonal melalui pendekatan Linguistik Fungsional Sistemik dan Komunikasi Semiotik Translasional. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 1115 klausa atau 43,58 % dari jumlah keseluruhan klausa (2562) dalam T2 tersusun dengan jenis dan jumlah elemen makna yang setara dengan T1. Faktor-faktor penyebab variasi KMI T1 dan T2 adalah perbedaan sistem bahasa dan konteks situasi, termasuk konteks budaya. Variasi-variasi KMI yang terjadi sebagai upaya untuk mempertahankan kesepadanan makna antara T1 dan T2.Kata kunci: makna interpersonal, sistem bahasa, konteks situasi, kesepadanan makna
PENINGKATAN APRESIASI PUISI DALAM PEMBELAJARAN PUISI DENGAN MEDIA MUSIK DI SMA NEGERI 11 YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Indriati Dwi Astuti , Haryadi Haryadi
Published: December 2016

Masalah penelitian ini adalah kesulitan siswa dalam proses pembelajaran puisi dan peningkatan hasil apresiasi puisi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan proses dan hasil apresiasi puisi dalam pembelajaran puisi dengan media musik. Penelitian ini menggunakan model penelitian tindakan kelas dengan dua siklus. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan ada peningkatan pada proses dan hasil. Peningkatan proses ditandai dengan (1) keaktifan siswa dalam pembelajaran lebih banyak, (2) kerja sama siswa dalam mengerjakan tugas-tugas kelompok meningkat. (3) motivasi dan perhatian siswa meningkat. Peningkatan hasil pembelajaran apresiasi puisi dapat dilihat dari rata-rata nilai apresiasi pratindakan. Kata kunci: peningkatan, apresiasi, media musik
THE FUNCTIONS OF IDIOMS WITH MAGICAL TERMINOLOGY IN BUILDING THE STORY OF J. K. ROWLING’S “HARRY POTTER AND THE ORDER OF THE PHOENIX”
Authors: Fadhillah Haris , Bismoko J
Published: December 2016

This study describes the functions of idioms with magical terminology in Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix in building the story. This study analyzed the novel from the linguistics perspective. The idioms with magical terminology found in the novel were compared to real English idioms. Comparison was done word by word and also to the context of the story. The analysis was also done by comparing words’ meaning and the semantic features. Finally the data were analyzed with related theories of linguistics and discourse analysis. The results of this study can be used as a consideration in teaching cultural relevancy in language teaching from the linguistic point of view in a novel. Keywords: functions of idioms, Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix, cultural relevancy in language teaching
PENGEMBANGAN TES GRAMATIKA BERBASIS WEB UNTUK MAHASISWA PENDIDIKAN BAHASA INGGRIS IAIN SULTAN AMAI GORONTALO
Authors: Ayuba Hasan , Widodo Pratomo
Published: December 2016

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menghasilkan tes kompetensi gramatikal bahasa inggris berbasis web yang berkualitas untuk mata kuliah Structure 4 Prodi Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris Institut Agama Islam Negeri (IAIN) Sultan Amai Gorontalo. Evaluasi produk dilakukan oleh 1 orang ahli media dan 1 orang ahli materi. Subjek coba berjumlah 34 mahasiswa terdiri atas: 6 mahasiswa uji coba satu-satu, 12 mahasiswa uji coba kelompok kecil, dan 34 mahasiswa uji coba lapangan (termasuk subjek coba pada uji coba satu-satu dan uji coba kelompok kecil). Instrumen pengumpulan data berupa lembar evaluasi untuk ahli materi, ahli media, dan angket untuk mahasiswa yang mencakup aspek tampilan web dan aspek sistem. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian dan pengembangan menunjukkan bahwa: (1) kriteria tes yang berkualitas ditinjau dari skor Alpha 0.823 (Reliabel), Item-Tot. 0.299 (diterima), dan Mean Biserial 0.402 (diterima). (2) tes kompetensi gramatikal bahasa Inggris ditinjau dari aspek materi dinilai “sangat baik” oleh ahli materi dengan skor 4,23. (3) tes kompetensi gramatikal bahasa Inggris ditinjau dari aspek tampilan web dinilai “baik” oleh media (web) dengan skor 4,07. (4) tes kompetensi gramatikal bahasa Inggris ditinjau dari aspek sistem dinilai “baik” oleh media dengan skor 4,10. Kata Kunci: tes, gramatika, kompetensi, dan web  DEVELOPING WEB-BASED GRAMMAR FOR ENGLISH DEPARTMENTIAIN SULTAN AMAI GORONTALO Abstract The aim of this research was to produce a Web-Based Test of English grammatical competence for Structure 4 Subject at the English Department, State Institute of Islamic Studies (IAIN) Sultan Amai Gorontalo. The evaluation was conducted by a media expert and a material expert. The subjects of the trial constituted of 34 students consisting of: 6 students of one-to-one trial, 12 students of small group trial, and 34 students of field trial (including those are in one-to-one and small group trial students). The data collecting instrument was an evaluation sheet for material expert, media expert, and questionnaire for students involved appearance and system aspects. The data were analyzed by using the descriptive quantitative and qualitative technique. The results of the research and development show that: (1) test criteria qualities referred to Alpha score 0.823 (reliable), Item-Tot 0.299 (accepted), and Mean Biserial 0.402 (accepted). (2) test of English Grammatical Competence which was developed determined by material expert assessed “good” (score 4, 07). (3). the web-based test of English grammatical competence which is developed determined by media expert indicated from the web appearance aspect assessed “good” (4,07). (4) the web-based test of English grammatical competence which was developed determined by media expert indicated from the system aspect assessed “good” (4,10). Keywords: test, grammatical, competence, and web
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA INGGRIS BERBASIS KOMPUTER UNTUK KETERAMPILAN MENYIMAK BAGI SISWA SMA KELAS X
Authors: Choirunnisa Septin , Haryadi Haryadi
Published: December 2016

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah: (1) mengembangkan media pembelajaran bahasa Inggris berbasis komputer untuk keterampilan menyimak yang sesuai bagi siswa SMA kelas X dan (2) mengukur kualitas media pembelajaran hasil pengembangan tersebut ditinjau dari aspek materi, pembelajaran, dan media. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian dan pengembangan (R & D) dengan mengadaptasi model dan prosedur pengembangan dari Borg & Gall, desain pembelajaran dari Dick & Carey dan prosedur pengembangan software dari Criswell. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kualitas media pembelajaran ditinjau dari aspek materi dinilai baik dengan rata-rata skor sebesar 4,20 ditinjau dari aspek pembelajaran dinilai sangat baik dengan rata-rata skor sebesar 4,28; dan ditinjau dari aspek media dinilai baik dengan rata-rata skor 4,10. Secara keseluruhan, kualitas media pembelajaran yang dikembangkan dinilai baik dengan rata-rata skor sebesar 4,19. Kata kunci: media pembelajaran bahasa Inggris berbasis komputer, listening  DEVELOPING COMPUTER-BASED ENGLISH INSTRUCTIONAL MEDIA FOR LISTENING SKILL AT YEAR-10 OF SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL Abstract This study aims: (1) to develop computer-based English instructional media for listening skill appropriate for at year-10 students of senior high school and (2) to measure the quality of the developed instructional media in terms of the content, instructional and media aspects.This study was categorized as research and development (R & D). The procedure and  the model of R & D cycle used in this study was adapted from Borg & Gall, the instructional design from Dick & Carey and software development procedure from Criswell. The result of the study shows that the quality of instructional media for in terms of the  content aspect, it is categorized good with the mean score of 4.20; in terms of the instructional aspect, it is categorized very good with the mean score of 4.28; and in terms of the media aspect, it is categorized good with the mean score of 4.10. In terms of those three aspetcs, the developed instructional media are categorized good with the mean score of 4.19. Keywords: computer-based  English instructional media, listening.
BACK MATTER (Indeks Subjek, Indeks Pengarang, Biografy, Author Guidelines)
Authors: - -
Published: December 2016

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Pengaruh motivasi, keyakinan diri, dan persepsi siswa terhadap apresiasi karya sastra siswa SMP
Authors: Alpian Mimi , Suryaman Maman
Published: December 2016

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh: (1) motivasi; (2) keyakinan diri; (3) persepsi siswa terhadap apresiasi karya sastra siswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian survey yang mengandung tiga variabel bebas dan satu variabel terikat. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa SMP di Kabupaten Lombok Timur. Sampel sejumlah 383 siswa ditentukan menggunakan teknik proportional stratified sampling. Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan angket motivasi, keyakinan diri, persepsi siswa, dan apresiasi karya sastra. Analisis data menggunakan statistik deskriptif dan analisis regresi ganda. Hasil penelitian ini ada empat. Pertama, motivasi berpengaruh terhadap apresiasi karya sastra. Kedua, keyakinan diri berpengaruh terhadap apresiasi karya sastra. Ketiga, persepsi siswa berpengaruh terhadap apresiasi karya sastra, dan Keempat, motivasi, keyakinan diri, dan persepsi siswa berpengaruh secara bersama-sama terhadap apresiasi karya sastra.Kata Kunci: motivasi, keyakinan diri, persepsi, dan apresiasi karya sastra  The effect of motivation, self-efficacy, and perception on the literature appreciation of the students of junior high schools AbstractThis study aims to determine the effect of: (1) students’ motivation; (2) students’ self-efficacy; (3) students’ perception on the literature appreciation of the students of junior high schools in Kabupaten Lombok Timur. This study used the quantitative approach. This research was a survey containing three independent variables and one dependent variable. The population was all students of junior high schools in Kabupaten Lombok Timur. A sample of 383 students was established using proportional stratified sampling technique. The data were collected using the motivation questionnaire, self-efficacy questionnaire, students’ perception questionnaire, and students’ literature appreciation questionnaire. To determine the effect, the researchers used descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis. The results of this study are as follows. First, motivation affects students’ literature appreciation. Second, the self-efficacy affects students’ literature appreciation. Third, the perception affects students’ literature appreciation. Fourth, motivation, self-efficacy, and perceptions simultaneously affect students’ literature appreciation.Keywords: motivation, self-efficacy, perception, students literature appreciation
Reconditioning in synchronous operation with one parallel induction generator
Authors: Magalhães Alana Da Silva , Moraes Pedro Henrique Franco , Silva Alan Henrique Ferreira , Gomes Pedro Henrique Garcia , Alves Aylton José , Calixto Wesley Pacheco
Published: December 2016

The purpose of this paper is to compare mathematical modeling and practical bench in order to validate the electrical interactions between an induction generator and a synchronous generator. Two generators was connected to a common bus in steady state, subject to non-linear load. The results comparing modeling and bench tests show that the induction generator besides the active power increasing, has a better way for harmonic currents flowing in common bus. It was concluded that the induction generator repowering and attenuates current harmonic components present at the connection point, improving the network voltage profile.
Jesús:
Authors: Costadoat Jorge
Published: December 2016

For Christians, Jesus is the Son of God. He is a person, that is to say, someone who is unique and able to relate. This helps us to understand our relationship with the Father and our relationship with the others human beings, even non-Christians: God is the father of all. Jesus created and believed in the true fraternity. The Church is the brotherhood that makes visible the universal love of the Father.
Las experiencias de relaciones humanas como atisbos de la Gracia.
Authors: Moyano Juan Pablo
Published: December 2016

In our daily life we interact with other people. Some are very close to us, like family or friends; others may be just unknown people. Surely, many of these relationships are no more than ?eeting encounters or they are just determined by our practical needs. But some relationships may be much more than that. Suddenly, if we look closely, through them we can fnd Beauty, Truth and Love. Even more, through them we can get a glimpse of the Grace of God in the world. This paper aims to be a re?ection on the possibilities and scope of such a gracefulness encounter. In order to do it, we are going to dialogue with two authors. The body of our research will be based on von Balthasar’ s theology, specially his work Epilogue and his intuitions about the presence of Grace in the world through out the comprehension of the Trascendentals of being. Lately, as a very extensive applied conclusion, we will analyze –and let us question- by the flm Bleu, directed by Krzysztof Kieslowski. Our commitment is to unravel the presence of Grace in the middle of our humanity; pretending the dialogue between these two works: between theology and art.
Corporate governance and earning management: Evidence from 200 Malaysian listed firms from the period of 2007 to 2011
Authors: Ab Razak Nazrul Hisyam , Palahuddin Salmi Huwaina
Published: December 2016

This study examines the effectiveness of some corporate governance variables to monitor management behavior with the respect to their incentives to manage earnings. A set of 200 Malaysian listed firms for the year 2007 to 2011 in Bursa Malaysia have been investigated to analyze the relationship between corporate governance and earnings management. The corporate governance variables examined are CEO duality (when the chairman and the CEO is the same person), the proportion of independent non-executive directors and board size. We find discretionary accruals as a proxy for earnings management is negatively related to the board size and ROA, but positively related to the existence of CEO-Chairman duality, size of the firms, and operating cash flow. However, the results do not show a significant association between the proportion of independent non-executive directors on the board and earnings management.
The role of outside statutory auditors in bank-dominated corporate governance: Evidence from Japan
Authors: Watanabel Naoki , Sakawa Hideaki
Published: December 2016

This paper examines whether or not the role of outside statutory auditors are effective post the amendment of commercial law in Japan. By this amendment, Japanese large firms are urged to appoint at least one auditor. Under bank-dominated corporate governance, the monitoring role of
outside auditors do not seem to be strongly expected. The empirical question arises of whether outside auditors in Japan are effective monitors or not post the amendment of commercial law. We find managerial entrenchment effects exist for the appointment of larger outside auditors. In addition, we can find a negative relation between bank ownership and firms with more outside auditors. These findings suggest that outside auditors have not still been expected for adequate gatekeeper in Japan.
Corporate governance structure and firm’ financial performance: Evidences from Egypt
Authors: Soliman Mohammed M. , Ragab Aiman A. , Eldin Mohammed B.
Published: December 2016

Recent financial international scandals have generated hyped interest in the area of corporate governance as a mean to mitigate financial problems faced in developing nations. The purpose of this study is to examine the link between corporate governance structure and firm’ financial performance in Egypt. The data for analysis are gathered from manual review of the financial statements and websites of the thirty enterprises that make up the (EGX 30) covering the four years period 2007-2010. Results from the study indicate that board size; the presence of audit committee; and audit quality significantly have relationship with firm’ financial performance measured by ROA and ROE. The results also, indicate that board independence; and institutional ownership have no significant correlation with firm’ financial performance. For CEO duality, the results indicate that CEO duality has a positive impact upon companies’ financial performance measured by ROE, at the same time, is not correlated with the ROA measure of financial performance. This study is important because it offers evidence on the impact of corporate governance structure on firm financial performance. In addition, it provides useful information that is of great value to policy makers, academics and other stakeholders.
Board composition, ownership concentration, and voluntary internet disclosure by MSM-listed companies
Authors: Basuony Mohamed A. K. , Mohamed Ehab K. A.
Published: December 2016

The purpose of this paper is to examine the determinants and characteristics of voluntary internet disclosures by listed companies in Oman. This paper uses archival data from listed companies on Muscat Securities Market (MSM). Binary Logistic Regression analysis is used to examine the determinants of internet financial reporting. The results of this study reveal that ROA is one of the factors that impacts internet financial reporting. Also, the results reveal that ownership concentration has a negative effect on the internet financial disclosure. The paper provides insights into corporate internet disclosures in the GCC countries that will benefit all stakeholders with an interest in corporate reporting in this important region of the world.
Islamic corporate social responsibility (ICSR) concept: The case of 21st century Middle East
Authors: Alshammary Meshaal J.
Published: December 2016

Markets are the place where buyers and sellers meet. The characteristics of such a place are almost universal, measurable, money is the medium, and the rules are mainly simple and flexible. Customers, partners and suppliers, competitors, and employees are the elements of the market environment. On the other hand, the non-market elements are everything that affects the market indirectly. Non-market strategy recognises that businesses are social and political beings, not just economic agents. A non-market strategy allows a company to shape the environment in which it operates, creating opportunities. Islamic Corporate Social Responsibility (ICSR) derives itself from core principles in the holy Qur’an. The three major foundational principles for ICSR are the vicegerency of mankind on earth, divine accountability and the duty on mankind to enjoin good and forbid evil. ICSR concept appears to be in close conformity with the Ten Principles of the UN Global Compact, but in many respects go further than the minimum standards adopted by this framework. MNCs should not underestimate the Middle Eastern region historical events of the Arab League boycott, the Danish cartoons and the ‘Arab Spring’ revolution. Admitting these, the ICSR concept will offers great opportunities for MNCs to invest and operate in the Middle East.
Corporate governance, audit firm size and restated financial statement in Indonesia stock exchange
Authors: Rasyid Ardiansyah , Ardana Cenik
Published: December 2016

This research aims to describe the corporations to take restatement in financial statement such as, corporate governance implementation and size of Audit Firm. Corporate Governance and size of Audit Firm are involved in auditing process. Theoretically, those influence the quality of financial statement. The occurrence of restatement of financial reporting is as a proxy for a lower of financial statement quality. Hence, corporate governance and size of Audit Firm should prevent from restated financial statement. The result of this research describe that number of independent commissioner and number of audit committee do not prevent from restated financial statement. In addition, size of Audit Firm is not obvious to increase the quality of financial statement, because there are several of big four audit firms have been appointed by such corporation as external auditor or some of restatements have been done by non-big four. This research describes the composition of independent commissioner, audit committee and also Audit Firms size do not influence directly to restated financial statement.
Directors’ board, R&D investment and the firm’s performance: Evidence from the French case
Authors: Zouari Ghazi , Zouari-Hadiji Rim
Published: December 2016

This study examines the relationship between the board of directors and firm performance in terms of the level of R&D investment in the French context and some corporate governance points of view. Our model seeks to show whether the level of investment in R&D acts as an intermediary variable between, on the one hand, the dominance of external directors, the double structure and size of the board of directors, and, on the other, productivity. This empirical study is based on a sample of 178 French firms for the period 2008-2012. The results of the linear regression show that the relationship between the variables associated with the composition of the board of directors and the effectiveness of the company depends on the level of investment of the company in R&D.
Human resources department in crisis: A case of a university in South Africa
Authors: Ngcamu Bethuel Sibongiseni
Published: December 2016

Human Resources (HR) departments in previously disadvantaged higher education institutions (HEI) in South Africa have contributed to the crisis that has led them to be governed by appointed Administrators assigned by the Ministry of Higher Education and Training. The malfunctioning of HR departments persists even in the post-Administrator’s era, with a prevalence of personal, interpersonal and operational challenges. This study aimed at interrogating challenges faced by the HR Department of the university concerned post the appointed Administrator era and its negative effects. This study adopted a qualitative research approach whereby in-depth interviews were conducted with a sample of 10 HR Department staff members. Focus group discussions were also carried out with 20 academic and non-academic university leaders. Further data was also collected through ethnographic observation and secondary data was also used. The non-probability purposive sampling was used for qualitative analysis and NVivo was used for organizing and analyzing data gleaned from the in-depth interviews. The study findings consistently revealed unclear roles and responsibilities, outmoded recruitment and selection processes and poor interpersonal relations amongst the HR department staff members as some of the challenges that still persist post the Administrator’s era, all of which have contributed to the paralysis of organizational culture. University leaders can use the study findings as a tool to devise and implement radical change management interventions aiming at re-engineering HR departments that are operating abnormally, as well as for designing a responsive HR Strategic Architect. This study will contribute to the body of knowledge in the HR fraternity as there is a dearth of published studies on the internal challenges faces by HR Departments (both interpersonal and operational), which have the potential to hamper smooth operations of higher education institutions.
An alternative conceptual corporate governance framework for high-context cultures: A case for the Islamic & Arabian Middle East
Authors: Alshammary Meshaal J.
Published: December 2016

The distinctiveness of Islam and the reaction toward the domination of the Western ideologies on the rest of the world especially on Islamic nations generated a movement among many scholars toward applying Islamic principals in the field of corporate governance. Islam is the dominant religion in the Middle Eastern region. This region consist of two major blocs the Arab League and most importantly the GCC. Thus, the cultural, political and legal environments have a significant impact on both profit and non-profit organisations. The proposed concept is generated by considering; the narrowness of the Agency theory illustrated by its limited explanations of such complexity associated with corporate governance issues yet its greatness of simplicity in regards to accountability; the Stakeholders theory serves wider views and shares many aspect with Islam yet this theory by nature suffers from practical complexity; Institutional theory are considered to ensure some degree of stability in the concept by considering the importance of the Islamic corporate supervisory institution in developing a sustainable Islamic corporate governance standards.
Corporate social responsibility reporting: What boards of directors need to know
Authors: Ackers Barry
Published: December 2016

To avoid future generations being burdened with the residual consequences of unsustainable corporate practices, corporate social responsibility (CSR) programmes are being implemented to ameliorate the adverse impacts of corporate activity on the environment, society and the economy. Companies are responding by not only reporting on their financial performance, but also on their non-financial performance, making CSR reporting practices an important emerging mechanism for corporate governance.
Recognising that CSR reporting is a relatively new voluntarily adopted intervention, for which the board of directors is ultimately accountable, this article accepts that CSR remains a relatively obscure concept with the associated responsibilities not being clearly understood. This article aims to provide insights into CSR reporting practices from a de facto mandatory reporting company perspective.
The corporate governance in Uzbekistan: A special focus on the board’s supervisory role compared with German practice
Authors: Ashurov Zufar
Published: December 2016

Today, the topic of corporate governance has become vital for the most researches and scientific controversies. The corporate governance is now playing a key role in economic and social development of a country, and it has began to significantly matter for both industrialized and most of the developing countries. In the meantime, little is known for the world community about the state and problems of corporate governance in Uzbekistan. In this regard, in this paper we mainly address the present situation in Uzbek corporate governance as well as, as a special focus, make comparison of the Uzbek and German board’s supervisory role practices. This paper may be interesting for those who are not aware of the corporate governance in Uzbekistan and who would like to more or less know about it.
What questions do board members in public service organizations ask about executive compensation?
Authors: Bart Chris , Kanagaretnam Kiridaran
Published: December 2016

The purpose of this study is to investigate the governance questions that board members in public service organizations ask as they go about fulfilling their responsibilities for the oversight of executive compensation. The research uses 24 of the questions – as proposed by the Canadian Institute of Chartered Accountants - that directors should ask about executive compensation and investigates both their usage and perceived importance by board members. The study is based on a usable sample of 47 board members from public service organizations who were attending a Canadian director training program. The research finds that, insofar as public service organizations are concerned, not all of the recommended executive compensation governance questions were asked with the same frequency nor were they considered equally important. Additionally, the relationship between a question’s usage frequency and its perceived importance was not perfect. However, there appears to be a significantly positive relationship among the number of executive compensation governance questions asked and selected elements of a board’s governance structure.
Board structure and performance in Ethiopian microfinance institutions
Authors: Ejigu Wale Letenah
Published: December 2016

This research investigated the effect of one governance dimension, board structure on the sustainability and outreach performance of Ethiopian MFIs. A panel data of 13 MFIs for 6 years (2003-2008) is used for the study. No study of such type is conducted in the past for the Ethiopian environment. The results indicate an experienced manager, a larger board size and educated board members all help to increase sustainability with board education having the largest effect. Manager experience and board size also have a negative effect on depth of outreach (i.e. less lending to women). Board independence has no visible effect on either sustainability or outreach. Surprisingly, no governance variable explains breath of outreach.
Directors’ board, R&D investment and firm’s performance: Evidence from France
Authors: Zouari Ghazi , Zouari-Hadiji Rim
Published: December 2016

This research examines the relationship between the board of directors and firm’s performance through the R&D investment-level in the French context from perspectives of corporate governance. Our model seeks to identify if the R&D investment-level acts as a mediating variable between, on the one hand, the dominance of outside directors, the dual structure and the board size, and secondly, the performance. The empirical study is based on a sample of 178 French firms for the period 2008-2012. The results of the linear regressions conducted show that the relationship between boards composition linked variables and the firm performance are meditated by the firm R&D investment-level.
Enhanced governance committees in South Africa’s national government departments: A conceptual exploration
Authors: Moloi Tankiso
Published: December 2016

This paper argues that almost all other non-governmental institutions for instance banks and pension funds, in addition to the risk and audit committees, have credit committees in respect of banks and investment committees in respect of pension funds. These committees provide oversight on the core businesses of these institutions. In a similar manner, national government departments should not only have universal governance committees such as the audit and risk committees, instead the study envisions governance committees modelled around the idea parliamentary portfolio committees. The envisaged committees will remain governance committees with defined roles and responsibilities similar to the audit and risk committees that are already in existence in the national government departments.
Borda application of selection planning scheduling method in dock engineering consultants in Central Sulawesi province Indonesia
Authors: Fatimah Siti , Laongko Ahmad , Tombolotutu Muzakir
Published: December 2016

The aim of this paper to find out the planning scheduling method that used in dock engineering consultants as a project supervisor dock. This research use qualitative approach to find the most preferred method by engineering consultants, this research was explorative that test and find out the most preferred method. This research showed that dock engineering consultants in Palu City, Central Sulawesi most preferred curve-s method than method such as CPM, PERT, PDM, and Bar Chart. This research can help further research to determine differences and similarities the project planning scheduling method and being basic for The New Dock Engineering Consultans. This research looking for the most preferred method with limited respondents dock engineering consultans in Palu City, Central Sulawesi.
Transparency in corporate governance: Extent of directors duty to declare interest in company’s transactions
Authors: Nwafor Anthony O.
Published: December 2016

The realization that the directors occupy important position in corporate governance, and as business men and women, cannot be prevented from having dealings with the company, demand a close scrutiny of corporate transactions in which they are directly or indirectly involved or have an interest to ensure that such interest is not placed above their duty to the company. One of the ways in which the law strives to achieve this balance is by imposing a duty on the director to disclose to the board any interest he has in company’s transactions. This requirement which was previously governed by the common law and the company’s articles, is presently increasingly finding a place in companies statutes in different jurisdictions. The paper examines, through a comparative analysis, the provisions on the duty of the director to disclose interest in company’s transactions in South Africa and United Kingdom with the aim of discovering the extent to which the statute in both jurisdictions upholds the common law prescriptions. The paper argues that the need for transparency in corporate governance and the preservation of the distinct legal personality of the company demand that the duty to disclose interest should be upheld even in those cases of companies run by a sole director.
The protection of environmental interests through corporate governance: A South African company law perspective
Authors: Nwafor Anthony O.
Published: December 2016

The quest to maximize profits by corporate administrators usually leaves behind an unhealthy environment. This trend impacts negatively on long term interests of the company and retards societal sustainable development. While there are in South Africa pieces of legislation which are geared at protecting the environment, the Companies Act which is the principal legislation that regulates the operations of the company is silent on this matter. The paper argues that the common law responsibility of the directors to protect the interests of the company as presently codified by the Companies Act should be developed by the courts in South Africa, in the exercise of their powers under the Constitution, to include the interests of the environment. This would guarantee the enforcement of the environmental interests within the confines of the Companies Act as an issue of corporate governance.
Board influence and CEO power to executive compensation system in American SMEs
Authors: Nulla Yusuf Mohammed
Published: December 2016

This study investigated the board influence and CEO power towards determining the CEO compensation system in the American SMEs from 2005 to 2010. The quantitative research method was selected for this research study. The forty small to medium-sized companies were selected through a stratified sampling method. The research question for this research study was: what relationship is there between the board influence, CEO power, and CEO cash compensation, in the American SMEs. The results found that, there was a relationship between the board influence, CEO power, and CEO salary. However, the results also found that there was no relationship between the board influence, CEO power, and bonus. The correlations between the board influence, CEO power, CEO salary were characterized as weak, indication of the complexity of the executive compensation factors and external and internal environments surrounding the American SMEs.