bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Inhibition of JAK2/STAT3/SOCS3 Signaling Attenuates Atherosclerosis in Rabbit
Authors: Yang Xilan , Jia Jian , Yu Zhen , Duanmu Zheng , He Huiwei , Chen Sen , Qu Chen
Published: January 2020

Background : Previous studies have indicated that the JAK/STAT signaling pathway is involved in modulating arterial adventitia inﬂammation response. In this study, we designed experiment to further investigate the effect of JAK2/STAT3/SOCS3 signaling in rabbit atherosclerosis process.
Methods : Atherosclerosis was induced in the abdominal arteries of rabbits by atherogenic diet and endothelial damage. At the same time, animals were received either no treatment or ruxolitinib and killed after 12 weeks.
Results : H&E staining and CT scan analysis showed that rabbit atherosclerosis model was constructed successfully. Ruxolitinib, an inhibitor of the Janus kinase 2 (JAK2), substantially decreased the area of atherosclerotic plaques in rabbits treated with high fat diet and balloon injury of the aorta. Moreover, ruxolitinib substantially decreased IL-6 and TNF-α, but increased IL-10 and IL-17 levels in plasma of atherosclerotic rabbits. Additionally, ruxolitinib reduced TC and TG contents and AIP, while enhanced HDL-C level in rabbit plasma. Furthermore, we found that JAK2 and STAT3 phosphorylation were upregulated in rabbits with atherosclerosis when compared with that of the control group, and furthermore the expression of SOCS3 was also increased due to the activation of JAK2 and STAT3, while ruxolitinib inactivated JAK2 and STAT3 pathway and decreased SOCS3 expression.
Conclusion : Taken together, inhibiting the JAK2/STAT3/SOCS3 signaling pathway may be a novel method for the clinical treatment of artery atherosclerosis.
Prevention of the adverse effects of androgen deprivation therapy for prostate cancer using a 12-month home-based progressive resistance training program: a randomised controlled study
Authors: Lam Teresa , Cheema Birinder , Hayden Amy , Lord Stephen R. , Gurney Howard , Gounden Shivanjini , Reddy Navneeta , Shahidipour Haleh , Read Scott , Stone Glenn , McLean Mark , Birzniece Vita
Published: January 2020

The authors have withdrawn this preprint from Research Square
Endosphere microbiome assemblage in scented black rice is affected by plant development, with possible functional roles
Authors: Singha K. Malabika , Singh Brahmanand , Maheswari Dinesh Kumar , Pandey Piyush
Published: January 2020

The authors have withdrawn this preprint from Research Square
MHC associations of ankylosing spondylitis in East Asians are complex and involve non-HLA-B27 HLA contributions
Authors: Wang Geng , Kim Tae-Hwan , Li Zhixiu , Cortes Adrian , Kim Kwangwoo , Bang So-Young , Leo Paul , Brown Matthew , Xu Huji
Published: January 2020

Background The association of HLA-B*27 with AS is amongst the strongest of any known association of a common variant with any human disease. Nonetheless, there is strong evidence indicating that other HLA-B alleles are involved in the disease. Large studies in European case-control cohorts have demonstrated risk associations with HLA-B*40 and multiple other HLA-B, -A and Class II alleles, and demonstrated that in that ethnic group the amino acid sequence at position 97 in HLA-B is the key determinant of HLA associations with AS. A recent study in Korean AS cases and controls additionally identified association at HLA-C*15:02. In the current study we examined the MHC associations of AS in an expanded east Asian cohort.Methods 1,637 Chinese, Taiwanese and Korean AS cases meeting the modified New York Criteria for AS, and 1,589 ethnically matched controls, were genotyped with the Illumina Immunochip, including a dense coverage of the MHC region. HLA genotypes and amino acid composition was imputed using the SNP2HLA program using the Han-MHC reference panel based on the data of Han Chinese subjects (largest Asian MHC reference available (n= 9,689)), and association tested using logistic regression using 10 principal components to control for population stratification effects.Results Strong association was seen with HLA-B*27 (odds ratio (OR) =205.3, P=5.764×10 -244 ). Controlling for this association, the strongest risk association is seen with HLA-C*15 at genome-wide significant level (OR = 7.62, P=9.30×10 -19 ), and confirmed association is also seen with HLA-B*40 at suggestive level (OR= 1.65, P= 2.54x10 -4 ). At amino acid level the strongest association seen in uncontrolled analysis was with histidine at position 114 in HLA-B (p=7.24 x10 -241 ), but conditional analyses suggest that the primary amino acid associations are with lysine at position 70 and asparagine at position 97. Restriction of the ERAP1 association with HLA-B27-positive AS, previously reported in European subjects, was confirmed in East Asians.Conclusions This study confirms in East Asians that the HLA associations of AS are multiple, including previously reported associations at HLA-B*27, -B*40, -C*15 , and –DRB1*01 , as well as novel associations with –DRB1*13 and –B*39 . The HLA-B associations are driven by the amino acids at positions 70 and 97, in the B-pocket of HLA-B.
Evidence-Based Health In Primary Care: Among Electronic Portals, Telehealth And Digital Libraries
Authors: Costa José Roberto Bittencourt , Alves Luiz Anastacio , Alberto Anael Viana Pinto , Souza Cristina Alves Magalhães de
Published: January 2020

Background: To make an analysis and propose solutions to improve the teaching and learning process in the scenario of the Basic Family Health Units (BFHU). Method: First phase: Authors conducted a qualitative-quantitative study with students and preceptors of Primary Care containing open and closed questions from medical schools. The closed questions were presented as descriptive statistics and the open ones from the creation of categories. It was pointed out the perception of the main problems for teaching learning. Second phase: Meetings were held from students and respective preceptor for 6 months, using electronic portals, through the application of new questionnaires, using the Likert scale in pre and post evaluation. Results: On the first phase, 40% of the students considered as a problem the degree of training of the local preceptor. A similar result was found in the speech of the teacher, which categorization revealed a lack of adequacy between training and performance in Primary Care in most of the categories created. Based on our results, we used the BHFU to apply new strategies little used for teaching and learning, in order to improve health practices, such as the use of the Evidence Based Health portal, which has shown greater navigability and offers studies with clinical evidence criteria. On the second phase, the authors identified an improvement in the quality of learning both by the preceptor and by the students. Conclusions: The use of electronic portals can be a tool that legitimized or enhance the teaching and learning (teaching/learning space) in BHFU.
Role of HPV 16 variants among cervical samples from Northeastern Brazil
Authors: Silva Rodrigo Lopes da , Batista Zulmira da Silva , Bastos Gerusinete Rodrigues , Cunha Ana Paula Almeida , Figueiredo Fábio Vidal , Castro Lailson Oliveira de , Pereira Liwerbeth dos Anjos , Silva Marcos Antonio Custódio Neto da , Vidal Flávia Castello Branco , Barros Maria Claudene , Fraga Elmary da Costa , Brito Luciane Maria Oliveira , Barbosa Maria do Carmo Lacerda , Moreira Miguel Ângelo Martins , Nascimento Maria do Desterro Soares Brandão
Published: January 2020

Background: Cervical cancer is the fourth most common type of cancer affecting women globally. In Brazil, it is the third most frequent type of cancer in women and HPV is present in approximately 90% of cases. Evidence suggests that variants of HPV 16 can interfere biologically and etiologically during the development of cervical cancer. Methods: Cervix tumor fragments were collected, their DNA was extracted, and nested PCR was used to detect HPV. Positive samples were sequenced to determine the viral genotype. To characterize the HPV 16 strains, positive samples PCR was used to amplify the LCR and E6 regions of the HPV 16 virus.Results: Data from 120 patients with cervical cancer were analyzed. Most women were between 41 and 54 years of age, had schooling until primary school, a family income between 1 and 2 times the minimum wage and were married/in a consensual union. There was no statistically significant association between HPV or socio-demographic variables and risk factors for cervical cancer (P < 0.05). HPV was present in 88 women (73%). The most prevalent types were HPV 16 (47/54%), HPV 18 (12/13.8%), HPV 35 (6/6.9%) and HPV 45 (5/5.7%). Of the 47 HPV 16 positive cases, variant A (49%) was present in 23 samples, followed by variant D in 20 cases (43%), and variants B and C in 2 cases each (4%).The most prevalent histological type of HPV 16 tumors was epidermoid carcinoma, followed by adenocarcinoma. There was a statistically significant association between HPV 16 variants and the tumors’ histological types (P < 0.001).Conclusions: Knowledge of HPV 16 variants will provide data on their influence on the pathological and oncogenic aspects of cervical lesions.
Integrated analysis of differentially expressed long noncoding RNAs and mRNAs associated with high-fat diet-induced hepatic insulin resistance in mice
Authors: zhou zengyuan , Zhao Xue , Chen Liang , Li Yuzheng , Chen Zhao , Wang Yuanyuan , Zhou Zihao , Chu Xia
Published: January 2020

Background Hepatic insulin resistance (IR) is an early pathological characteristic of many metabolic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been identified as mediators of IR and related diseases. However, the roles of lncRNAs in hepatic IR remain largely unknown.Method High-throughput sequencing was performed on liver tissue samples from normal diet (ND)-fed mice and high-fat diet (HFD)-induced hepatic IR mice. lncRNAs and mRNAs that were differentially expressed (DE) between the two groups were identified by bioinformatic analyses. Seven DE lncRNAs were validated by quantitative real-time PCR (q-PCR). The potential functions of the DE lncRNAs were predicted by Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analyses of target genes. In addition, integrated analysis was performed for the DE lncRNAs and mRNAs to predict their interaction relationships.ResultsA total of 232 DE lncRNAs were identified in the HFD-induced hepatic IR mice compared with the ND-fed mice. These DE lncRNAs included 108 upregulated and 124 downregulated lncRNAs, and 7 of the DE lncRNAs were validated by q-PCR. In addition, 291 DE mRNAs including 166 upregulated and 125 downregulated mRNAs were identified in the HFD group. Furthermore, target genes of the DE lncRNAs were predicted, and functional enrichment results showed that the enriched genes were involved in IR- and glycolipid metabolism-related processes. Additionally, the coexpression network was also constructed to further reflect the potential functions of the DE lncRNAs.Conclusion The study describes the expression profiles of lncRNAs and mRNAs and the functional networks involved in HFD-induced hepatic IR. These findings may provide a new perspective for the study of lncRNAs in hepatic IR- and glycolipid metabolism-related diseases.
Gene Expression Pattern of PI3K/AKT Pathway Based on Insulin Resistance and Vitamin D Toward the Understanding of T2DM Pathogenesis
Authors: Khorami Somayeh Alsadat Hosseini , Mutalib Mohd Sokhini Abd , Shiraz Mohammad Feili , Abdullah Joseph Anthony , Rejali Zulida , Ali Razana Mohd , Khaza'ai Huzwah
Published: January 2020

Insulin-stimulated glucose transport occurs via PI3K/AKT -dependent pathway which results in GLUT4 translocation from intracellular vesicles to plasma membrane and glucose uptake. PTEN , as a phosphatase, is the main antagonist of the PI3K/AKT pathway’s kinases. Present study was performed to investigate underlying mechanism responsible for defects in insulin signalling, hence, RT-PCR was employed to investigate mRNA expression level of IRS1/PI3K/PDK1/AKT2/GLUT4/PTEN in diabetic and non-diabetic participants and serum vitamin D was measured by HPLC. Findings provide evidence that IRS1 gene expression was preserved while PI3K/PDK1/AKT2/GLUT4 were expressed significantly lower in diabetics compared to non-diabetics. Albeit there was no significant difference in PTEN expression between groups, PTEN was up-regulated by the years of having diabetes. As T2DM has been characterized by defects in insulin signalling at transcriptional level and post-translational modifications, it is difficult to conclude what exactly happens since only gene expression was considered, nevertheless it can be concluded that insulin resistance is not caused through an alteration in PTEN expression as a primary defect but may be caused by decreased PI3K/PDK1/AKT2/GLUT4 signalling and dysregulation of feedback loops. Particularly, PTEN expression showed a significant relation with duration of diabetes, suggesting that PTEN may not be the cause of the reduced expression of PI3K/AKT pathway in diabetes while it can be the effect of that. No significant correlations between serum vitamin D concentration and gene expression level of GOIs were observed in either group of participants which could be due to the non-linearity relationships as insulin signaling is a cascade with amplifying properties.
Family physician program and burden of referral for outpatient visit in Iran: A multicenter cross-sectional study protocol
Authors: Sokhanvar Mobin , Kabir Mohammad Javad , Bevrani Hossein , Nosratnejad Shirin , Janati Ali , Arab-zozani Morteza , Hasanpoor Edris
Published: January 2020

Background : Primary healthcare (PHC) developed around the world with a focus on the family physician, which can improve access and quality of services. The study will estimate the burden of referral for outpatients visit through a family physician program (FPP) in Iran. Methods : This will be a descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study. The data for self-referrals and those who are officially referred to the specialized level of outpatient care will collect from the rural and urban populations in four provinces. Of these provinces, two are the pilot sites of urban FPP and the other two provinces are matched provinces. Patient recruitment will be carried out by a research assistant located in each health network of the province. We will collect the data on outpatient visits, prescribed medicine, medical imaging, and laboratory services. Descriptive and analytical statistics will be generated to estimate the burden of referral to outpatient visits among and between provinces. Discussion : This study has been approved by the Ethics committee of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences. The results of this study will be the first national evidence of the effectiveness of FPP and the burden of referral for outpatients visit in Iran. One of the main strategies to improve access, quality and efficiency of healthcare systems is a family physician program (FPP) as the primary care provider within an appropriate referral system. Evidence suggests that health systems, with a focus on PHC, have had positive consequences for health outcomes, healthcare quality, access to and continuity of health care, system efficiency and financial sustainability and public satisfaction.
High UBE2T mRNA expression and its prognostic significance in Ovarian cancer: a study based on data mining
Authors: wu zenghong
Published: January 2020

Objection Ovarian cancer (OC) affects approximately 22 000 women annually in the US and ranks 5th in cancer deaths, largely due to diagnosed with advanced stage1. Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) accounts for approximately 90% of all ovarian cancer cases. Our study was to assess the prognostic meaningful of UBE2T expression in OC dependent on data acquired from TCGA and so as to increase further knowledge into the biological pathways involved in OC pathogenesis related to UBE2T.Method Information on gene expression and comparing clinical data were recognized and downloaded from TCGA. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) created an arranged list of all genes s indicated by their connection with UBE2T expression.Results The scatter plot showed the difference of UBE2T expression between normal and tumor samples (P<0.01). In order to decide the biological interaction network of UBE2T in OC, we applied to tab Network in cBioPortal and the 50 most as often altered neighbor genes of UBE2T were showed utilizing Network and the most frequent alterations were HES1. The GSEA results showed that cell cycle, DNA replication, RNA degradation, some cancers, spliceosome, Huntington’s disease, oxidative phosphorylation are differentially enriched in UBE2T high expression phenotype. Cumulative survive showed that dendritic cell of immune infiltrates statistically significant (P<0.05) of UBE2T in OC indicating that dendritic cell significantly affecting the prognosis, it is worth further research and exploration.Conclusion Our study found that the expression of UBE2T was significantly increased in OC patients and associated with several clinical features. UBE2T may be a potentially useful prognostic molecular biomarker of bad survival in OC, while further experimental ought to be performed to demonstrate the biologic effect of UBE2T.
Feasibility of Using an LED-Probe in Third-Space Endoscopy: A Clinical Study
Authors: Mondragón Oscar Victor Hernández , Mottu Raul Antonio Zamarripa , Pineda Omar Michell Solórzano , Aguilar Raul Antonio Gutierrez , Contreras Luis Fernando Garcia
Published: January 2020

Background and aims: Third-space endoscopy is a novel, safe, and effective method for treating different gastrointestinal conditions. However, several failed endoscopic procedures are attributed to incomplete myotomy. Lighting devices are used to prevent organic injuries. We aimed to investigate the feasibility of using a hand-made LED-probe (LP) in third-space procedures. Patients and Methods: This prospective study was conducted in a tertiary-care center in Mexico between December 2016 and January 2019. We included peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) and gastric peroral endoscopic myotomy(G-POEM) procedures. Pseudoachalasia, peptic ulcer, normal gastric emptying scintigraphy (GES) and prepyloric tumors were excluded. LP was used to guide or confirm procedures. Clinical and procedural characteristics were recorded and analyzed. Results: Seventy third-space procedures were included (42POEM,28G-POEM), with an average patient age of 46.7±14.3 and 43.7±10.1 years, respectively. For the POEM and G-POEM groups, respectively, 18/42(42.9%) and 13/28(46.7%) patients were males, median procedure times were 50 (interquartile range[IQR]: 38-71) and 60(IQR: 48-77) min, median LP placement times were 5(IQR: 4-6) and 6(IQR: 5-7) min, mild adverse events occurred in 4(9.4%) and 4(14.2%) of cases, and clinical success at 6 months occurred in 100% and 85.7% of cases. Integrated relaxation pressure (IRP) improved from 27.3±10.8 to 9.5±4.1 mmHg (p<0.001); retention percentage at 4 hours also improved. LP was successfully placed and confirmed adequate myotomy including 14.2% and 17.8% of POEM and G-POEM difficult patients. Conclusions: Using an LP is promising and allows guiding during third-space procedures either for submucosal tunnel creation or myotomy confirmation, with excellent safety and efficacy in clinical practice.
Association between alcohol consumption and frailty in three Chinese cities
Authors: Nie Xin , Williams Greg , Verma Arpana , Zhu Yongkai , Fu Hua , Jia Yingnan , Dai Junming , Gao Junling
Published: January 2020

Background: Frailty is often described as a condition of the elderly but affects all age groups, alcohol consumption is associated with frailty. The aim of this study is to examine the associations between alcohol consumption pattern (ACP) and frailty in three cities in adults. . Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in three cities in China from June 2017 to October 2018. In total, 20,716 residents aged ≥18 years old were selected by using a multi-level stage sampling procedure. Alcohol consumption pattern was assessed by CAGE four-item questionnaire. Frailty was measured by a validated Chinese version of the FRAIL scale. Multinomial logistic regressions were used to examine the association of ACP with pre-frailty and frailty after controlling for varied covariates. Results: In general, the prevalence of pre-frailty and frailty was 35.25% and 11.42%, respectively. After controlling for covariates and interaction of age and ACP, non-problematic drinkers neither had association with pre-frailty(OR: 1.13, 95%CI:0.97-1.31) nor with frailty(OR:0.86,95%CI:0.68-1.12), while problematic drinkers had high odd ratios of pre-frailty(OR: 1.35, 95%CI:1.06-1.72) and frailty(OR:1.52, 95%CI:1.02-2.26) compared with non-drinker. Conclusions: our study found a positive association between problematic drinking and (pre-) frailty, no relationship between non-problematic drinking and (pre-) frailty compared with non-drinking among whole Chinese population. Based on previous findings and ours, we conclude it is important for the prevention of frailty to advocate zero drinking among whole population. Keywords: alcohol consumption, frailty, life course
The association between nutritional status and household sanitation among rural children in the Tibetan and Sichuan minority areas: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Zhu Xian , Liu Chenglu , Xu Chang , Li Mingjing , Jiang Wei , Zhang Xiaofeng , Liu Yajun , Xu Hong
Published: January 2020

Background: To investigate the nutritional status and household sanitation among children under 5 in Tibetan and Sichuan minority areas and to analyse the association between nutritional status and household sanitation. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted by the probability proportional to size sampling method between August and October 2016. Nutritional status was evaluated according to the standards of growth and development recommended by the World Health Organization. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to analyse the association between nutritional status and household sanitation. Results: A total of 965 children under the age of 5 and their caregivers were included. The rates of normal development, stunting, underweight, wasting, overweight and obesity of children in Sichuan and Tibet were 69.0%, 19.8%, 8.0%, 5.2%, 4.6% and 1.8%, respectively. The multivariable logistic regression analyses shows that other unprotected water sources (AOR=3.21, 95%CI=1.41~7.32), unboiled drinking water (AOR=2.05, 95%CI=1.41~2.97), sanitary and dry toilets (AOR=2.04, 95%CI=1.12~3.71), unsanitary and dry toilets (AOR=2.80, 95%CI=1.42~5.51), usually do not washing hands at critical times (AOR=2.11, 95%CI=1.15~3.90), washing hands only with water (AOR=1.53, 95%CI=1.03~2.26) and unsanitary treatment of children's faeces (AOR=1.56, 95%CI=1.11~2.20) were the risk factors for stunting in children. Protected well water (AOR=4.28, 95%CI=1.46~12.52), other unprotected water sources (AOR=4.30, 95%CI=1.36~13.61), unsanitary and dry toilets (AOR=4.44, 95%CI=1.26~15.59), washing hands at only one critical moment (AOR=2.77, 95%CI=1.15~6.65), washing hands only with water (AOR=2.22, 95%CI=1.20~4.09) and unsanitary treatment of children’s faeces (AOR=2.01, 95%CI=1.23~3.28) were risk factors for underweight in children. Conclusion: The malnutrition of children under 5 years of age in the rural areas home to ethnic minorities in Sichuan and Tibet is serious, and the problem of stunting is particularly prominent. The children's household sanitation status is poor, and the family's economic income has an impact on household sanitation; thus, household sanitation has an impact on both the height and the weight of the child. The relevant departments should increase the family's economic income while conducting household sanitation interventions, thereby reducing the incidence and mortality due to malnutrition.
What do we know about the impact of sexual violence on health and health behaviour of women in Estonia?
Authors: Lippus Hedda , Laanpere Made , Part Kai , Ringmets Inge , Karro Helle
Published: January 2020

BackgroundSexual violence against women is a major public health issue and a breach of human rights. Although various consequences of sexual violence on health have been described in a large number of scientific publications, very little is known about this topic in Estonia. The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence of sexual violence and associations between exposure to sexual violence and risky health and sexual behaviours among women in Estonia.MethodsA population-based cross-sectional study was carried out in Estonia in 2014. Self-reported data regarding selected indicators of risky health and sexual behaviours were collected from 1670 women, aged 18–44 years, via a self-administered questionnaire. To measure the prevalence of sexual violence, questions from the NorVold Abuse Questionnaire were included. Chi-square and multivariate logistic regression were used to analyse the data.ResultsOf the respondents, 22.7% (n=379) reported being exposed to sexual violence during their lifetime, and over half of these women had had these experiences before the age of 18. Statistically significant associations were found between sexual violence and smoking (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 1.32, 95% CI 1.03–1.70), alcohol consumption (AOR 1.52, 95% CI 1.18–1.95), illicit drug use (AOR 2.21, 95% CI 1.70–2.89), sexual intercourse for money or other material reward (AOR 3.51, 95% CI 1.62–7.61), concurrent sexual relationships (AOR 2.64; 95% CI 1.80–3.86), and being diagnosed with sexually transmitted infections (AOR 1.48, 95% CI 1.09–2.01).ConclusionsIn Estonia, sexual violence against women is widespread and is associated with several risky health and sexual behaviours. Efforts should be made to raise awareness regarding the prevalence and negative impact of sexual violence, both among the general public and professionals. Women who have been exposed to sexual violence are in need of professional medical, legal and psychological help free from prejudice to help them recover from such traumatic events.
Exploring potential intervention strategies to reduce unsafe youth migration in Ethiopia: A mixed methods study
Authors: Habtamu Kassahun , Minaye Abebaw , Admas Fantahun , Gebremariam Mesay , Tibebu Abera , Adigeh Yohannese , Zeleke Seleshi
Published: January 2020

Background Several studies investigated risk and protective factors for unsafe youth migration. However, evidence on what interventions help to reduce unsafe youth migration is lacking. This study aimed primarily to identify interventions that may help to reduce unsafe youth migration from the perspectives of key stakeholders.Methods A mixed methods study was conducted in eight migration hotspot areas in Ethiopia. For the qualitative study, in-depth interviews and focus group discussions (FGD) were used to collect data. FGDs were conducted with students, teachers and parents separately. A school principal, heads of relevant offices of the local government, a community representative and a religious leader were interviewed. Thematic analysis was used to identify the prominent issues. Quantitative data were collected from students (n=800), teachers (n= 240) and parents (n=160) who were selected using multistage sampling. We developed a structured questionnaire to collect data. Descriptive statistics, t-test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to analyze the data.Results We identified potential interventions to reduce unsafe youth migration and grouped them into five domains: awareness and attitudinal/behavioral changes, job opportunities and training, governmental and parental roles, improving the education system, and law enforcement and migration management. The need for cooperation among stakeholders was cross-cutting. More than 80% of the survey respondents agreed or strongly agreed in that the interventions would potentially be relevant and effective. We found significant mean difference in the degree of endorsement due to age and level of education in two of the domains of interventions (i.e. enhancing access to resources and jobs and law enforcement and managing migration). Older and more educated respondents were highly likely to endorse intervention strategies more than younger and less educated respondents. Significant mean difference was observed in one of the domains (i.e. law enforcement and managing migration) due to respondent type. Teachers and parents were more likely than students to endorse the intervention.Conclusion We identified contextually relevant intervention strategies that would potentially be effective to reduce unsafe youth migration in Ethiopia. We suggest that there is to prioritize and empirically test the effectiveness of these intervention strategies.
Comparison of the incidence of venous thromboembolism with minimally invasive total hip arthroplasty: a case control study
Authors: Nishiwaki Toru , Oya Akihito , Kanaji Arihiko
Published: January 2020

Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) remains a major complication after total hip arthroplasty (THA), irrespective of the surgical approach. This study investigated the incidence of VTE in patients undergoing THA through intermuscular minimally invasive surgical techniques, which included a direct anterior approach (DAA), an anterolateral approach (AL), and anterolateral supine approach (ALS), at a single institution. Methods: One hundred consecutive patients treated with each surgical approach were evaluated. Plasma D-dimer levels 1 month preoperatively and 1 day postoperatively, operative time, and intraoperative blood loss were recorded, and the presence of VTE was evaluated based on multidetector row computed tomography performed the day after surgery. Student’s t-test and Pearson’s chi-square test or one-way analysis of variance were used in statistical analysis. Results: No differences among the groups in terms of age, height, weight, operative time, intraoperative bleeding, and preoperative and postoperative D-dimer levels were observed. The overall incidence of VTE was 21%. The incidences of VTE were 30% in AL, 17% in ALS, and 16% in DAA, representing a significantly higher rate in AL than in ALS and DAA (P=0.025). The incidences of VTE on the operated side were 19% in AL, 13% in ALS, and 12% in DAA, with no statistically significant differences. The incidences of VTE on the non-operated side were 22% in AL, 9% in ALS, and 8% in DAA; these differences were statistically significant (P=0.0045). Conclusions: Results showed that the incidence of VTE was significantly higher in AL than in ALS and DAA, especially for the non-operated side.
Inhibition of lipogenesis and induction of apoptosis by valproic acid in prostate cancer cells via the C/EBPα/SREBP-1 pathway
Authors: Pang Bo , Zhang Juanjuan , Yuan Jihong , Shi Yanan , Qiao Ling
Published: January 2020

Background Lipid metabolism reprogramming is now accepted as a new hallmark of cancer. Hence, targeting the lipogenesis pathway may be a promising avenue for cancer treatment. Valproic acid (VPA) emerges as a promising drug for cancer therapy, however, the underlying mechanisms are not yet fully understood. This study aimed to investigate the effects and mechanism of VPA on cell viability, lipogenesis, and apoptosis in human prostate cancer PC-3 cells.Methods The effects of VPA on the viability of PC-3 cells were investigated using MTT assay and wound-healing assay. Oil Red O staining was used to examine lipid droplets, and DAPI staining assay and Annexin V-PI staining assay were used to measure the extent of cell apoptosis. Quantitative real-time PCR and Western blotting were used to determine the expression of lipogenesis and apoptosis genes. Statistical and analytical data with SPSS 17.0 Software, statistical significance was set at *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, and ***P < 0.001 levels.Results The results showed that VPA significantly reduced lipid accumulation and induced apoptosis of PC-3 cells. Moreover, the expression of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein α (C/EBPα), as well as sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (SREBP-1) and its downstream effectors, including fatty acid synthase (FASN), acetyl CoA carboxylase 1 (ACC1), and antiapoptotic B cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), markedly decreased in PC-3 cells after VPA administration. Mechanistically, the overexpression of C/EBPα rescued the levels of SREBP-1, FASN, ACC1, and Bcl-2, enhanced lipid accumulation and attenuated apoptosis of VPA-treated PC-3 cells. Conversely, C/EBPα knockdown by siRNA further decreased the levels of SREBP-1, FASN, ACC1, and Bcl-2 and lipid accumulation and enhanced apoptosis. In addition, SREBP-1a and 1c enhanced the expression of FASN and ACC1, but only SREBP-1a had a signiﬁcant eﬀect on Bcl-2 expression in VPA-treated PC-3 cells.ConclusionsOn the whole, it is concluded that VPA significantly inhibits cell viability via inhibiting lipogenesis and inducing apoptosis by the C/EBPα/SREBP-1 pathway in PC-3 cells. Hence, VPA, which targets lipid metabolism and apoptosis, is a promising candidate for PCa chemotherapy.
O jornalismo feminino de Clarice Lispector: em busca do inesperado e da desordem
Authors: Nunes Aparecida Maria
Published: January 2020

This study revisits research begun in the 1980s to recover Clarice Lispector’s work published in the Brazilian press. Lispector used the pages of various periodicals as an opportunity to publish poems, short stories, and small narratives that, subjected to later revision, would become landmarks in her literary production. Such is the case of the recipe for killing coakroaches that Lispector published as a columnist for “Entre Mulheres” in the weekly Comício in 1952. Published under the title, “Meio cômico, mas eficaz,” this text would later be split into two fictional pieces—the short story “A quinta história” and the novel A paixão segundo G.H. Working under the name Tereza Quadros, Lispector reveals in “Entre Mulheres” a feminist agenda that interrogates the condition of women in the 1950s and makes of the section a platform for the dissemination of ideas brought from post-war Europe.
Noémia de Sousa, ou ser “África da cabeça aos pés” em tempos de colonização
Authors: Alfieri Noemi
Published: January 2020

In the present essay, I examine the work and career of the Mozambican poet Noémia Carolina Abranches de Sousa Soares (1926-2002). It is well known that Sousa began her career publishing under the initials “NS” to confuse her identity with that of her brother (whose name was Nuno) and so obfuscate her gender; however, women are a constant element in her work. Beyond this, I argue that Sousa adopted a pioneering approach to gender, one deeply connected to the anti-colonial struggle, the fight for the rights of her people, and the African American imaginary. Indelibly linked to social, racial, and gendered subalternity, Mozambican women constitute in Sousa’s oeuvre the personification of the struggle against the societal paradigms of the time.
Rodrigues, Cecília Paiva Ximenes. Além da ruína: articulações da esperança na narrativa de Milton Hatoum. U Federal do Ceará, 2018
Authors: Antunes Susana
Published: January 2020

O livro de Rodrigues apresenta uma nova interpretação a qual confere um novo sentido à obra de Milton Hatoum. Testemunhando a perspectiva crítica da obra hatoumiana assente em conceitos relacionados com a ruptura regional e nacional agregada aos indivíduos representados, o ângulo da interpretação de Rodrigues estabelece uma interpretação singular acerca da ideia de dualidade não como par binómio em oposição, mas como par binómio que se complementa.
Pasciolla, Francesca. Walt Whitman in Fernando Pessoa. Critical, Cultural and Communications Press, 2016
Authors: Halling Anna-Lisa
Published: January 2020

Walt Whitman in Fernando Pessoa focuses principally on Pessoa as a reader of Whitman and investigates the echoes of Whitman’s work and philosophies in those of Pessoa and his heteronyms.
Klobucka, Anna M. O mundo gay de António Botto. Documenta, 2018
Authors: Inácio Emerson
Published: January 2020

Em O mundo gay de António Botto, Klobucka cumpre múltiplas tarefas, dentre as quais procurar compreender a proposta transgressora do poeta de As canções, por ser ele um dos que, ao lado de Judith Teixeira, introduzem a temática do “amor entre iguais” na poesia modernista.
Salla, Thiago Mio. Graciliano Ramos e a Cultura Política: mediação editorial e construção do sentido. U de São Paulo, 2016
Authors: Cortez Minchillo Carlos
Published: January 2020

Em seu estudo, Thiago Mio Salla passa a limpo a história de “Quadros e costumes do Nordeste,” conjunto de narrativas que Graciliano Ramos publicou na revista estadonovista Cultura Política entre 1941 e 1943. Nessa empreitada, Salla revisou a fortuna crítica do escritor, revirou arquivos e trouxe à luz fontes até então ignoradas. Acabou por corrigir equívocos, completar lacunas e propor novas hipóteses interpretativas.
BASIC PRINCIPLES OF ALLERGIC RHINITIS THERAPY IN PAEDIATRIC PRACTICE
Authors: BELOV V. A.
Published: January 2020

The article introduces the main mechanisms for developing an allergic reaction, and describes the main clinical manifestations of allergic rhinitis. The basic principles of therapy are covered. Special attention is paid to the use of the Vibrocil combination drug, which contains dimethindene blocking H1-histamine receptors and phenylephrine
FEATURES OF PRESCRIBING ANTIHISTAMINES IN PEDIATRIC PRACTICE
Authors: GLUSHKOVA E. F. , SUROVENKO T. N.
Published: January 2020

Objective of the Review: Illustrate the use of antihistamines in the treatment of allergic diseases in children.Key Points: Due to the increasing frequency of occurrence of allergic diseases in the population, including among children, the questions of approaches to therapy and the choice of effective and safe drugs acquire particular urgency. Today the usual drugs of choice are antihistamines of the second generation. Their efficacy was proven over the years, and a large amount of data ontheir use has been accumulated. They have firmly occupied their niche in the pharmacotherapy of allergic diseases. And yet antihistamines of the first generation still find their use in certain clinical situations in pediatrics.Conclusion: This article is devoted to the review of the first generation of antihistamines and their use in pediatric practice.
CHARACTERIZATION OF PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT IN CHILDREN OF GESTATION DIABETES PREGNANCIES
Authors: NIKITINA I. L. , KONOPLYA I. S. , POLYANSKAYA A. A. , LISKINA A. S. , POPOVA P. V.
Published: January 2020

The physical and neurological development of children born to mothers with gestation diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a matter of research interest. We examined 28 children whose mothers were diagnosed with GDM, in the newborn period and at 6 months. By the parameters of physical development at birth the number of children with outstripping development and the average body mass index (BMI) was predominant and by the end of the first semester of life most of the children had the values of the average parameters specified above, that is, normal for that age, range, but the proportion of the deficient BMI remained unchanged. Insulin therapy during pregnancy had no significant impact on the frequency characteristics of children with physical development disorders. The neurological disorders of the six-month-old children born of women with gestation diabetes mellitus and non-targeted metabolic control were more severely represented by sensory sphere disturbances and interaction with subjects; to a lesser extent - by emotional and voice development. The children of this group had the minimum disturbances in the development of the motor sphere.
RISK FACTORS OF JAW FOLLICULAR CYSTS DEVELOPMENT IN CHILDREN
Authors: SLESAREVA O. A. , POTEMINA T. E.
Published: January 2020

The scientific article contains the results of the review of modern domestic and foreign literature. Risk factors data of follicular cysts of the jaws in children are generalized. Relevant points of individual risk factors, and the influence of their combination on the event of follicular cysts are reviewed. There was made a conclusion about the absence of the chief, leader factor, whichconduces the evolution of follicular cysts. The necessity of further study of multifactorial pathogenesis. This will help to develop identifying criteria of persons with risk for the evolution of follicular cysts of the jaws, the necessity and the principles of prevention and screening for early detection of abnormalities are pointed
NEWBORN SKIN CARE
Authors: RYUMINA I. I. , ZUBKOV V. V.
Published: January 2020

In this article the authors provide a detailed description of anatomic and physicological peculiarities of the newborn children, the role of the vernix caseosa, a group of premature children is described as a separate group. Examples of skin pathology development risk factors, ways to prevent them and first aid measures are provided
TOPICAL DECONSTANTS IN PEDITRIC PRACTICE
Authors: BARATASHVILI A. D. , KARPOVA E. P.
Published: January 2020

The article tells about the use, efficacy and safety of vasoconstrictive and irrigation medications in children with inflammatory diseases of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses
INFLAMMATORY DISEASES OF THE MIDDLE EAR IN CHILDREN
Authors: KARPOVA E. P. , BURLAKOVA K. Y.
Published: January 2020

This article provides the data on frequency, clinical manifestations, diagnostics and therapy of children with the inflammatory pathology of the middle ear cavity. The early diagnosis of the pathology and timely indicated therapy precondition prevention of development of complications andthe process becoming chronic
ANTITUSSIVE DRUGS IN CHILDREN’S PRACTICE
Authors: KOLOSOVA N. G. , SHATALINA S. I.
Published: January 2020

Adequate choice and use of antitussive therapy in pediatrics presupposes knowing at least the two key aspects: causes of cough and the specific mechanism of the cough reflex in children, as well as the mechanisms of action of antitussive drugs used. The need for the treatment of cough as such, that is, prescription of the so-called antitussive drugs, arises mainly in children with nonproductive, dry, persistent cough. Central antitussives suppress the function of the cough center in the medulla oblongata or other associated nerve centers of the brain. The antitussive drug butamirate, often used in children, selectively affects the cough center, does not cause respiratory depression, has an extremely low incidence of side effects, remains effective in prolonged therapy, and starts to exert its maximum effect after the first application
Construcción de fronteras simbólicas y prácticas religiosas
Authors: Solís Domínguez Daniel , Martínez Lozano Consuelo Patricia
Published: January 2020

Las creencias y prácticas religiosas constituyen una dimensión relevante y significativa en la sociedad mexicana, hecho que se manifiesta en la constitución de colectividades religiosas heterogéneas. Las formas en que intervienen en la vida pública y la manera en que se relacionan entre ellas son complejas y la mayoría de las veces desconocidas. Este texto presenta un análisis de las interacciones entre diferentes prácticas religiosas. Para ello, se integra la descripción y análisis de una procesión y un desfile. En ambos eventos, las creencias y las prácticas religiosas construyen fronteras simbólicas que operan en una lógica vinculante de límites más que de separación de lo religiosamente diferente, es decir, se entienden como un espacio en donde converge y se cruza lo religiosamente diferente. Se concluye que la construcción de fronteras simbólicas religiosas describe y explica la actual dinámica de relaciones entre las diferentes prácticas religiosas.
Estrategias de personas con VIH para enfrentar el estigma asociado al VIH /sida. Pacientes del Hospital General de Huixtla, Chiapas
Authors: Chong Villarreal Francisco , Fernández Casanueva Carmen , Huicochea  Gómez Laura , Álvarez Gordillo Guadalupe del Carmen , Leyva Flores René
Published: January 2020

El objetivo de este artículo es explorar las estrategias que las personas con VIH (PV) atendidas en el Hospital General de Huixtla (HGH) del estado de Chiapas llevan a cabo para enfrentar el estigma asociado al Virus de Inmunodeficiencia Adquirida (VIH) y al Síndrome de Inmunodeficiencia Humana (sida). Con elementos conceptuales tomados de la teoría de la estructuración, se busca conocer los recursos disponibles y utilizados por PV para hacer frente al estigma. Para el análisis se consideran tres grupos cuyas necesidades y forma de vivir el estigma asociado al VIH/sida se diferencian entre sí: mujeres, hombres homosexuales y hombres heterosexuales. Los resultados demuestran que las PV, a la par que mantienen oculto el diagnóstico, teniendo como recurso social la información relacionada al VIH, reconstruyen la representación del VIH/ sida sin estigma, como estrategia para enfrentar el estigma asociado a dicho padecimiento en la comunidad donde residen.
El imaginario colectivo kumiai y sus recursos naturales
Authors: Tapia Landeros Alberto , Grijalva Aidé
Published: January 2020

Entre el 29 de junio y el 4 de julio de 2009, en compañía de los investigadores Everardo Garduño y Eva Caccavari Garza, participamos en la recolección de datos cuantitativos y cualitativos para el proyecto “Sitios sagrados kumiai”, de la Comisión Nacional para el Desarrollo de los Pueblos Indígenas, que auspició esta investigación. Integrantes de la comunidad indígena kumiai1 participaron en las entrevistas realizadas. En este texto presentamos una descripción de algunas representaciones sociales que los kumiai hacen de sus recursos naturales, mediante una correlación de la información cuantitativa biológica y geográfica con la información cualitativa aportada por los actores sociales entrevistados.
Crossing the Border: Mobility as a Resource in the Tijuana/San Diego and Tecún Umán/Tapachula Regions
Authors: Campos Delgado Amalia E. , Odgers Ortiz Olga
Published: January 2020

This paper suggests that transborder mobility is crucial to the way individuals relate to space and the meanings that they construct about it. Based on ethnographic work carried out in the Tijuana/San Diego and Tecún Umán/Tapachula border regions, an analysis is conducted of the relationship between the border region and the spatial mobility of its inhabitants. We conclude that there are at least four possible ways of constructing mobility in border contexts.
Trayectorias demográficas de Baja California y California, 1900–2000. Contrastes y paralelismos
Authors: Piñera Ramírez David , Jaimes Martínez Ramiro , Espinoza Meléndez Pedro
Published: January 2020

El objetivo de este documento es analizar los procesos de la migración en dos entidades vecinas, California y Baja California, señalando sus características, la procedencia de los flujos migratorios y el tipo de relaciones laborales generadas a partir de este fenómeno. Por ello, con la migración como eje temático y siguiendo las pautas de la historia comparativa, se constata que tanto en California como en Baja California los flujos migratorios han desempeñado un papel fundamental. El enfoque comparativo lleva también a la búsqueda de similitudes y diferencias en etapas y coyunturas clave, como el impacto de la Ley Seca, la Gran Depresión y las dos guerras mundiales, o bien fenómenos específicos como la llegada del ferrocarril. El hilo conductor es la migración con sus dos aspectos fundamentales ya mencionados: la procedencia de las corrientes migratorias y las relaciones laborales que éstas han generado en las dos Californias.