bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH KOMUNIKASI INTERNAL DAN BUDAYA ORGANISASI TERHADAP PRODUKTIFITAS KERJA KARYAWAN DI PT. DUTA LASERINDO METAL
Authors: Chusnah Chusnah , Hidayati Retno
Published: October 2020

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi karena masih banyaknya para pakar dan praktisi yang kurangperhatiannya terhadap budaya organisasi dan komunikasi padahal budaya organisasi dankomunikasi internal dapat di gunakan sebagai salah satu alat manajemen untuk meningkatkanproduktifitas. Objek penelitian dan sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah karyawan PT. DutaLaserindo Metal sejumlah 40 karyawan. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan baik primerataupun sekunder yaitu kuesioner, observasi, data kepustakaan dan dokumen. Metode analisa datayang digunakan adalah korelasi sederhana dan berganda serta regresi sederhana dan berganda.Melalui uji hipotesa yang pertama, yaitu Uji T diketahui nitai T hitung > T tabel (5,781 > 2,024) dansignifikansi 0,000 < 0,05 artinya Terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara komunikasi internal(X1) dengan produktifitas kerja karyawan (Y). Kedua, yaitu Uji T diketahui nilai T hitung > T tabel(7,667 > 2,024) dan signifikansi 0,000 < 0,05 artinya Terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antarabudaya organisasi (X2) dengan produktifitas kerja karyawan (Y). Ketiga, yaitu nilai F hitung =36,841 > F tabel = 3,25 dengan signifikansi sebesar 0,000 < 0,05 artinya bahwa terdapat pengaruhsignifikan antara komunikasi internal dan budaya organisasi secara simultan terhadapproduktifitas kerja karyawan di PT Duta Laserindo Metal.
PENGARUH PERTUMBUHAN PEMBIAYAAN MUDHARABAH, MUSYARAKAH DAN DANA PIHAK KETIGA TERHADAP PROFITABILITAS (ROA)
Authors: Waskito Meindro , Nuraini Duwi Lina
Published: October 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pertumbuhan pembiayaanmudharabah, musyarakah dan dana pihak ketiga terhadap profitabilitas (ROA), studikasus Bank Umum Syariah di Indonesia (Bank Mega Syariah, Bank Panin Dubai Syariah,Bank Muamalat Indonesia Tbk, Bank BNI Syariah, Bank BRI Syariah dan Bank SyariahMandiri). Penelitian ini menggunakan sampel 6 perusahaan dengan tahun penelitian2008-2016. Sumber data yang diperoleh dari laporan keuangan tahunan (neraca dan labarugi). Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi data panel. Pengujianmenggunakan uji asumsi klasik yang terdiri dari uji normalitas, uji multikolinearitas, ujiheteroskedestisitas, dan uji autokorelasi. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ;(1) Variabel pertumbuhan pembiayaan mudharabah berpengaruh negatif signifikanterhadap profitabilitas (ROA), (2) Variabel pertumbuhan pembiyaan musyarakahberpengaruh positif tidak signifikan terhadap profitabilitas (ROA), (3) Variabelpertumbuhan dana pihak ketiga mempengaruhi profitabilitas (ROA). Uji simultan (uji F)menunjukkan variable pertumbuhan pembiayaan mudharabah, musyarakah dan danapihak ketiga mempengaruhi profitabilitas (ROA) secara positif signifikan secarasimultan. Uji Determinasi (R2) sebesar 0,9376 atau 93,76% pada level of significant 5%.Sisanya sekitar 6,24% dijelaskan oleh variabel-variabel lain di luar model penelitian ini.
ANALISIS PENGARUH SANKSI PAJAK DAN KUALITAS PELAYANAN FISKUS TERHADAP KEPATUHAN WAJIB PAJAK ORANG PRIBADI
Authors: N Elly Soraya , Fakhrana Intan
Published: October 2020

Taxpayer compliance is the fulfillment of obligations undertaken by the taxationof taxpayers in order to contribute to the country's development is expected in itsfulfillment is done on a voluntary basis. The tax is very important for Indonesia becauseof the country's development of tax income for the largest contributing country.The current tax receipts for the State. One of the obstacles that can inhibit theeffectiveness of tax collection is a taxpayer compliance ( tax compliance).This study aimed to test whether the influence of Tax Sanctions against a private PersonTaxpayer Compliance and service quality Fiskus influence against a Person TaxpayerCompliance. This research using a sample on the KPP Pratama Bekasi South in the 2012-2016 sample uses probalility. The research method used is the quantitative methods withmultiple regression analysis techniques and usingthe SPSS statistical test tool version 20.0.The results of this research show that the positive effect of significant tax penalties againstprivate persons the taxpayer compliance. Quality of service significantly influential fiskusagainst taxpayer compliance people person
PENGARUH PROFITABILITAS DAN LIKUIDITAS TERHADAP KEBIJAKAN DIVIDEN PADA PERUSAHAAN INDUSTRI MAKANAN DAN MINUMAN YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA PERIODE 2011-2017
Authors: Waskito Meindro , Prasetia Popi Dian
Published: October 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh profitabilitas dan likuiditas terhadapkebijakan dividen pada perusahaan industri makanan dan minuman yang telah dipublikasikanpada periode 2011-2017 pada Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI). Data yang digunakan adalah datasekunder dari 18 perusahaan yang terdaftar di BEI hanya berjumlah 5 perusahaan yangdigunakan sebagai sampel dalam penelitian ini. Sampel yang dipilih dengan menggunakanpurposive sampling. Untuk menganalisi data, penelitian ini menggunakan metode regresi linierberganda kemudian dilakukan uji hipotesis dengan menggunakan uji t (secara parsial) dan ujiF (secara simultan) dengan tingkat signifikan 0,005.Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan secaraparsial (uji t) bahwa profitabilitas memiliki pengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap kebijakandividen, sedangkan likuiditas memiliki pengaruh positifdan signifikanterhadap kebijakandividen. Secara simultan profitabilitas dan likuiditas bersama-sama memiliki pengaruhterhadap kebijakan dividen.Nilai R 2 sebesar 47.3% sedangkan sisanya sekitar 52.7%dijelaskan oleh variabel-variabel lain di luar model penelitian ini.
PENGARUH INFLASI, KURS DOLAR AS, DAN SUKU BUNGA (BI), TERHADAP PENENTUAN HARGA EMAS
Authors: Nurulhuda Elly Soraya , Kosasih Kosasih
Published: October 2020

Investing gold is one of the right choices to avoid losses due to the economy that is sometimes uncertain, gold investment is a low-risk investment instrument, gold is a good hedge option because gold is not affected by inflation or zero inflation. This study aims to determine the effect of inflation, US Dollar Exchange Rates, and Interest Rates (BI), on the Gold Price. The sample used in this study is the company PT Antam Tbk, 2014-2018, where the company is a company engaged in the sale of gold and other metals, as well as a company that sets the price of gold in Indonesia. This study uses a quantitative approach. The data used are secondary data from 2014-2018. The data analysis technique used is time-series data with multiple linear regression methods of panel data using Eviews 9. Based on the analysis found that partially (t-test) inflation has a significant positive effect on the price of gold, while the US dollar exchange rate has a positive effect not significant to the price of gold. And simultaneously (Test F) Interest Rate (BI) has a significant negative effect on the price of gold.
PENGARUH INFLASI, JAKARTA ISLAMIC INDEX, BAGI HASIL BANK SYARIAH TERHADAP INVESTASI REKSA DANA SYARIAH
Authors: Kurniawan Elan
Published: October 2020

The purpose of this study is to obtain empirical evidence about the problems discussed, namely "Influence of Inflation, Jakarta Islamic Index, and Profit-Sharing of Islamic Banks on Sharia Mutual Investment". Investment is proxied by the Net Asset Value of Sharia Funds.

Presentation and analysis of research data in 2013-2017, using descriptive statistical analysis, panel data regression models, data estimation methods namely Chow Test, classical assumption analysis using normality test, multicollinearity test, and hypothesis testing.

Based on the results of the analysis of this research data, positive inflation has a significant positive effect on Sharia Mutual Fund Investment, the Jakarta Islamic Index has a significant positive effect on Sharia Mutual Fund Investment, while Sharia Bank Profit Sharing is also significantly negative on Sharia Mutual Fund Investment.
PENGARUH DISIPLIN KERJA DAN MOTIVASI KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN PADA PT. SGI
Authors: Chusnah Chusnah , Purwanti Heni
Published: October 2020

In this study, the authors took the title "The Effect of  Work Discipline and Motivation on employee performance on PT. SGI ". The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of work discipline, and motivation on employee performance partially or simultaneously. Based on the results of data analysis and partial discussion of work discipline (X1) a positive and significant effect on employee performance. Motivation (X2) partially has a positive and significant effect on employee performance. Simultaneously work discipline and motivation have a positive and significant effect on employee performance.

The results of the study simultaneously from the influence of work discipline and motivation on employee performance obtained 53.4% while the remaining 46.6% was influenced by other variables not included in this study
PENGARUH INFLASI, KURS DAN SUKU BUNGA TERHADAP RISIKO SISTEMATIS SEBAGAI VARIABEL MEDIASI DAN IMPLIKASINYA TERHADAP HARGA SAHAM DENGAN PENERAPAN REGRESI DATA PANEL COMMON EFFECT
Authors: - Sunaryo
Published: October 2020

The aims of this research are to examine the direct effect and indirect effect of Inflation, Exchange Rate, Interest Rate on Stock Price with Systematic Risk as an intervening variable. This research sample is shared in the sharia category in the JII group (Jakarta Islamic Index) listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) period 2013-2018 by using a purposive sampling method. There were 41 stocks selected as samples. The method of analysis used is Path Analysis, the development of panel data regression common effect. Using panel data regression with common effect analysis, it is known that the Inflation and Exchange Rate has a positive significant effect on Systematic Risk. However, Interest Rates have a significant negative effect on Systematic Risk. Systematic Risk has a significant negative effect on Stock Price. The path analysis results show that Systematic Risk mediates the effect of Inflation and Exchange Rates on the Stock price.
PENGARUH VOLUME OFFER SAHAM TERHADAP HARGA SAHAM (STUDI EMPIRIS PADA SAHAM-SAHAM JAKARTA ISLAMIC INDEX DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA PERIODE JANUARI – APRIL 2020)
Authors: - Sunaryo
Published: October 2020

The purpose of this research was to determine the influence of offering volume stock on the stock price. This research sample is shared in the sharia category in the JII group (Jakarta Islamic Index) listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) period January-April 2020 by using a saturated sampling method. There were 20 stocks selected as samples. The research method used in this research is panel data regression. The results of the study showed that the offer volume stock has a significant and negative influence on the stock price.
PENGARUH ETIKA KERJA ISLAMI DAN KEPUASAN KERJA KARYAWAN TERHADAP KOMITMEN PADA ORGANISASI
Authors: Lestari Sri , - Karlina
Published: October 2020

is intended to analyze the influence of Islamic work ethic and job satisfaction on commitment to the organization in PT. Berkah Agung Sejati Bekasi. Research Population in this research is all permanent employees in officer section at PT Berkah Agung Sejati. Sampling using non probability sampling with the number of samples of 33 respondents.Data analysis method used is descriptive analysis method and quantitative research, with multiple linear regression analysis technique. The results partially show the work ethic of Islami and positive to commitment at organization and job satisfaction significant and significant to commitment at organization. The result of simultaneous testing with f test shows Islamic work ethic and cooperation satisfaction equals with commitment to organization. Islamic work ethic and employee job satisfaction give influence equal to 68,7% while rest of 31,3% donated by other factor not in this research.
DETERMINAN INVESTMENT OPPORTUNITY SET DAN FREE CASH FLOW SEBAGAI PEMODERASI
Authors: Kurniawan Elan
Published: October 2020

The purpose of this study is to examine sales growth, earning growth, asset growth influence the Investment opportunity set with free cash flow as a moderating retail trade company listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. This type of research is quantitative research, with the population used are all retail trading companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the year ie between 2014 and 2017 as many as 11 companies.

The sampling technique using purposive sampling method with data analysis techniques, namely multiple linear regression equations with hypothesis testing using SPSS. Based on the results of hypothesis testing, it shows that the sales growth variable has a significant positive effect on the Investment opportunity set but the profit growth and asset growth variable has no significant effect on the Investment opportunity set while the free cash flow moderates significantly positive on the sales growth of the Investment opportunity set.
ANALISIS KINERJA KEUANGAN SEBELUM DAN SESUDAH AKUISISI PADA PERUSAHAAN YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA (PERIODE 2011 – 2016 )
Authors: Waskito Meindro , Hidayat Dewi
Published: October 2020

Abstract : The purpose of this research to determine the difference between the financial performance before and after the acquisition of a nonfinancial company listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange using which is proxied with the ratio of finance current ratio, total assets turn over, return on equity, debt to equity ratio, earnings per share. The research period used is 2011-2016. The population in this study are companies that do acquisitions listed on the BEI. The sample selection of this research using non-probability sampling techniques, with purposive sampling approach. The sample size is 17 samples. The data used are secondary data. Tests conducted are the descriptive statistical test, normality test, and test wilcoxon signed-rank test. The data analysis used to test the hypothesis is by using a paired sample analysis differentiation technique. Based on the result of research indicate that there were significant differences in total assets turnover, return on equity, and earnings per share, while the current ratio and debt to equity ratio did not have a significant difference between before and after the acquisition.
Electronic Skin from High-Throughput Fabrication of Intrinsically Stretchable Lead Zirconate Titanate Elastomer
Authors: Liu Yiming , Zheng Huanxi , Zhao Ling , Liu Shiyuan , Yao Kuanming , Li Dengfeng , Yiu Chunki , Gao Shenghan , Avila Raudel , Chirarattananon Pakpong , Chang Lingqian , Wang Zuankai , Huang Xian , Xie Zhaoqian , Yang Zhengbao , Yu Xinge
Published: October 2020

Electronic skin made of thin, soft, stretchable devices that can mimic the human skin and reconstruct the tactile sensation and perception offers great opportunities for prosthesis sensing, robotics controlling, and human-machine interfaces. Advanced materials and mechanics engineering of thin film devices has proven to be an efficient route to enable and enhance flexibility and stretchability of various electronic skins; however, the density of devices is still low owing to the limitation in existing fabrication techniques. Here, we report a high-throughput one-step process to fabricate large tactile sensing arrays with a sensor density of 25 sensors/cm
2
for electronic skin, where the sensors are based on intrinsically stretchable piezoelectric lead zirconate titanate (PZT) elastomer. The PZT elastomer sensor arrays with great uniformity and passive-driven manner enable high-resolution tactile sensing, simplify the data acquisition process, and lower the manufacturing cost. The high-throughput fabrication process provides a general platform for integrating intrinsically stretchable materials into large area, high device density soft electronics for the next-generation electronic skin.
Spongstan with Nasopharyngeal Pack: New Ordinary Procedure Manage the Adenoidectomy Bleeding
Authors: Delwar Dr. A H M
Published: October 2020

Objective: To find out the frequency, prevalence, and epidemiological aspects of the adenoidectomy bleeding and share the new ordinary procedure to manage it by spongstan with the nasopharyngeal pack.
Study Design: Cohort retrospective study.
Setting: Academic tertiary care hospitals.
Subject and Methods: A total of 23 adenoidectomy children’s demographic data collection and analyzed who suffered from complications of bleeding in the department of Otolaryngology and Head-Neck Surgery, Comilla Medical College Hospital, and Comilla Medical Centre, concerned Clinic of Central Medical College from 01 July 2016 to 31 June 2019.
Results: Incidence of adenoidectomy bleeding among total operative patients was 0.32%, adenoidectomy-Tonsillectomy patients 2.66%, and the yearly prevalence of 33.35%. Off them, the male was 09 (39.17%), and the female 14 (60.87%), 11-15 years children have highest bleeding complications was 17 (73.91%), commonest presenting features was nasal obstruction (91.30%), mouth breathing (82.61%), and hearing loss (78.26%).
Evaluation of Sealing Ability of Biodentine and Mineral Trioxide Aggregate in Permanent Molars using Dye Extraction Method-an Invitro Study
Authors: R Dr. Vidhya , Vadakkepurayil Dr. Kannan
Published: October 2020

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the sealing ability of MineralTrioxide Aggregate (MTA) and Biodentine when used to repair the furcal perforations in permanent molars using dye extraction method.
Study design: Recently extracted permanent molars were collected and randomly sealed with MTA and biodentine, after preparing perforations in the furcation area by using a high-speed long shank round bur No:4. After setting of the material, specimens were kept in methylene blue dye for 24 hours to check the microleakage by the dye extraction method. Samples were then placed in vials containing 1ml of 65% nitric acid for three days for the extraction of the dye. The vials were centrifuged at 14000 rpm for 5 minutes to separate debris from the extracted dye. About 200 microlitres of the supernatant from each sample was then analyzed in a UV-visible spectrophotometer at 550nm wavelength using concentrated nitric acid as the blank, and readings were recorded as absorbance units.
Improving Efficiency and Stability of Organic Solar Cell
Authors:   Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar , Pakistan, Zeeshan Muhammad
Published: October 2020

Efficiency and stability are the main challenges of organic solar cells. In this research novel structure is investigated for organic solar cell which has improved efficiency and improved stability. Blend of PTB7 and PCBM elements was used for the active layer of cell. Thickness of this layer was varied from 80nm to 200nm and selected the optimized thickness of 90nm. On which the cell has maximum efficiency of 12.24 %. The influence of window layer material such as Zinc oxide (ZnO) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) with various electrode materials including Indium tin oxide (ITO), Fluorine tin oxide (FTO), aluminum (Al) Silver (Ag) and Gold (Au) with different combinations have been investigated with the objective to enhance the absorption and PCE of the cell. Also varied the thicknesses of these different layers and selected the optimized thickness on which the cell had maximum efficiency. The structure of the proposed scheme was observed with ITO/Al as top and bottom electrode with thicknesses of 125nm and 100nm respectively and found that this holds the highest performance parameters including Jsc=0.130(mA/m2), Voc= 1 (V), FF=94.1% and ƞ=12.24% respectively as compared to different electrode combination and window layers with the same photoactive absorber material PTB7: PCBM. This indicates that the proposed structure can be a good choice for replacing less efficient in-organic cell.
RESPUESTAS FISIOLÓGICAS Y NUTRIMENTALES DE VARIEDADES DE ARROZ A LA CONCENTRACIÓN DE ALUMINIO
Authors: Marín-Garza Tania , Gómez-Merino Fernando C. , Trejo-Téllez Libia I. , Muñoz-Orozco Abel , Tavitas-Fuentes Leticia , Hernández-Aragón Leonardo , Santacruz-Varela Amalio
Published: October 2020

En suelos ácidos (pH < 5), la alta concentración de aluminio trivalente (Al3+) en solución reduce la producción de los cultivos y resulta tóxico para la mayoría de las plantas, aunque hay respuestas diferenciales entre genotipos. En esta investigación se evaluó el efecto de tres concentraciones de Al (0, 200 y 400 μM) adicionadas a la solución nutritiva de Steiner al 20 % en tres variedades mexicanas de arroz (‘Temporalero’, ‘Huimanguillo’, ‘Tres Ríos’) y una japonesa (‘Koshihikari’) cultivadas en invernadero, en un experi-mento factorial 4 x 3 con diseño completamente al azar. Ambos factores de estudio (variedad y concentración de Al) afectaron significativamente (pH ≤ 5) la altura de planta al final del experimento. La var. ‘Koshihikari’ tratada con 400 μM de Al mostró la menor altura (pH ≤ 5), en tanto que ‘Temporalero’ mostró la menor afectación de esta variable con el mismo tratamiento (400 μM). Con excepción de ‘Tres Ríos’, las demás variedades presenta-ron daños a nivel tejido de raíz. Ambos factores y sus interacciones afectaron (P ≤ 0.05) la concentración de Al, Ca, K, Mg y P en hojas. Los niveles más bajos de estos nutrimentos se observaron en la variedad ‘Koshihikari’. La variedad ‘Tres Ríos’ concentró menos Al que ‘Temporalero’ y ‘Huimanguillo’ (0.57 vs. 0.61 y 0.71 mg kg-1, respectivamente), y no disminuyó sus niveles de Mg con las aplicaciones de Al; además, ‘Tres Ríos’ mostró el menor efecto del Al en la concentración de P, pues aún con 400 μM de Al sólo disminuyó en 5 % su contenido de P respecto a las plantas testigo (0 μM Al). En cambio, ‘Temporalero’ disminuyó su contenido de P en 38 % respecto al testigo, y ‘Huimanguillo’ lo hizo en 55 %. Se concluye que la variedad mexicana de arroz ‘Tres Ríos’ es tolerante a Al porque no mostró daños en sus tejidos radicales y logró acumu-lar menores niveles de Al y mayores niveles de Mg y P en hoja.
CAMBIO DE FECHA DE SIEMBRA DEL MAÍZ EN CULIACÁN, SINALOA, MÉXICO
Authors: Ramírez-Díaz José L. , Wong-Pérez J. Jesús , Ruiz-Corral José A. , Chuela-Bonaparte Margarito
Published: October 2020

En el Estado de Sinaloa, México, son dinamicos los cambios en prácticas agrícolas, tipos de variedad y estrategias de mejoramiento genético del cultivo del maíz (Zea mays L.), lo que ha permitido que el rendimiento de grano se incrementara en 63 % durante el periodo 1991-1993. Al respecto, los agricultores han adelantado la fecha de siembra del ciclo otoño-invierno (O-I) en relación al periodo óptimo determinado en estudios previos. En el ciclo OI 2002-2003 se sembraron, en condiciones de riego, ocho híbridos comerciales en cinco fechas de siembra espaciadas cada 15 d, de noviembre 15 a enero 15. Se tomaron datos de rendimiento de grano, días a floración masculina y femenina, altura de planta y mazorca, porcentaje de acame de raíz y tallo, calificación de roya (Puccinia sorghi) y de mazorca, así como las temperaturas diarias máxima, mínima y media. Hubo diferencias (P ≤ 0.01) en rendimiento de grano entre fechas de siembra, híbridos y para la interacción fechas de siembra x híbridos. El rendimiento más alto (promedio de los ocho híbridos) se obtuvo en la siembra de noviembre 15, 32 d antes que la fecha recomendada para el ciclo 1990-1991 (Diciembre 17). Los híbridos de grano blanco ‘H-375’ y ‘H-438’ tuvieron el rendimiento de grano más alto (promedio de cinco fechas de siembra), y ‘P-31G98 Y’ el más bajo. Las diferencias en temperatura entre los ciclos agrícolas, especialmente la temperatura máxima diaria, fue el factor más importante para explicar la interacción fecha de siembra x híbrido.
EVAPOTRANSPIRACIÓN DEL CULTIVO DE TOMATE DE CÁSCARA (Physalis ixocarpa Brot.) ESTIMADA MEDIANTE EL POTENCIAL MÁTRICO DEL SUELO
Authors: López-López Rutilo , Arteaga-Ramírez Ramón , Vázquez-Peña Mario A. , López-Cruz Irineo L. , Sánchez-Cohen Ignacio
Published: October 2020

La poca disponibilidad de agua observada en algunas presas del país en los últimos años y la sobreexplotación de los acuíferos subterráneos hacen urgente el establecimiento de estrategias para hacer un uso racional y eficiente de este recurso. Una estrategia es la optimización del riego mediante el cálculo de las necesidades hídricas para la programación de riegos de los cultivos. En el presente estudio los objetivos fueron determinar los coeficientes de cultivos (Kc) para el tomate de cáscara (Physalis ixocarpa Brot.) con y sin cobertura plástica, y determinar el efecto de láminas de riego y acolchado plástico en el potencial mátrico del suelo a diferentes profundidades. Se generó una ecuación de regresión que relaciona los datos del potencial mátrico del suelo con la pérdida de humedad medida con el lisímetro, y con esta ecuación se estimó la evapotranspiración del cultivo (ETc). Los tratamientos del experimento consistieron de cinco niveles de láminas de riego (40, 60, 80, 100 y 120 % de la evapotranspiración de referencia, ET0), y dos niveles de acolchado, con y sin plástico. La ET0 se utilizó como base para calcular la lámina de riego por medio del goteo. Los resultados mostraron que con 60 % de la ET0, expresada en lámina de riego, mantiene niveles de potencial mátrico cercanos a capacidad de campo (< -30 kPa) en las distintas capas del suelo con y sin acolchado plástico. Durante la etapa reproductiva los potenciales bajaron hasta alcanzar valores de -80 kPa, incluso con 100 % de la ET0, lo cual se utilizó para estimar y ajustar los Kc. Sin acolchado los Kc fueron: 0.3, 1.1 y 0.86 para las etapas vegetativa, reproductiva y maduración respectivamente. También se determinó que los Kc pueden estimarse a partir de mediciones del índice de área foliar (IAF) de un cultivo creciendo con máxima disponibilidad de agua.
ASPECTOS AGRONÓMICOS PARA LA PRODUCCIÓN DE ANÍS DE MONTE (Tagetes filifolia LAG.) EN TEMPORAL EN OCUITUCO, MORELOS
Authors: Campos-Muñiz Moisés , Medina-Pitalúa Juan L. , Serrato-Cruz Miguel A.
Published: October 2020

Se evaluaron algunos aspectos agronómicos del anís de monte (Tagetes filifolia Lag.) como nuevo cultivo en temporal o secano, en Ocuituco, Morelos, México. Para ello se establecieron dos experimentos, uno para evaluar tres densidades de siembra (1, 2 y 3 g de semilla/m2 ), dos herbicidas (metribuzina 0.12 kg ha-1 y linurón 0.35 0 kg ha-1 en preemergencia, en mezcla con metolaclor 1.35 kg ha-1, y en postemergencia en mezcla con setoxidim 0.27 kg ha-1) y dos texturas de suelo (arcillosa y arenosa), en el establecimiento de plantas de anís y de maleza, y en el crecimiento del anís (Exp. 1); en Exp. 2 se evaluaron dosis de fertilizantes (30 y 60 N; 70 P; 25 K; 30:70 y 60:70 NP; 75:75:20 y 125:125:50 NPK) en el crecimiento de plantas de anís. Se encontraron más plantas (P ≤ 0.05) de anís en suelo arenoso (32) que en el arcilloso (27), y las plantas de maleza y el peso fresco del anís fueron mayores (P ≤ 0.05) en suelo arcilloso (4 plantas y 529 g m-2) que en el arenoso (2 plantas y 445 g m-2). Al aumentar la densidad de siembra aumentó (P ≤ 0.05) el peso fresco del anís (414, 504 y 542 g m-2) y disminuyó la cantidad de malezas (4, 3 y 2 plantas) y el diámetro de anís (15, 13 y 12 cm). Los herbicidas de preemergencia inhibieron la emergencia de plantas de anís (dos a cuatro plantas) y de maleza (una planta) respecto al testigo (51 y 12 plantas), pero los herbicidas de postemergencia permitieron el establecimiento del anís (43 a 46 plantas) y controlaron la maleza (una planta). En el ensayo de fertilizantes, las dosis 125-125-50, 60-70-00 y 60-00-00 de NPK fueron mejores (P ≤ 0.05) que el testigo sin fertilización en cuanto a altura de planta, diámetro del dosel y peso fresco de las plantas de anís.
DIVERSIDAD GENÉTICA EN CUATRO ESPECIES MEXICANAS DE CALABAZA (Cucurbita spp.)
Authors: Cerón-González Lourdes , Legaria-Solano Juan P. , Villanueva-Verduzco Clemente , Sahagún-Castellanos Jaime
Published: October 2020

Se analizaron colecciones de cuatro especies de calabaza cultivada (Curcubita argyrosperma Huber, C. pepo L., C. moschata (Duchesne ex Lam.) Duchesne ex Poiret, y C. ficifolia Bouché) provenientes de la región Centro-Sur de México, para determinar la diversidad genética entre y dentro de las especies, y obtener las huellas genéticas correspondientes. Se utilizaron marcadores moleculares tipo RAPD (Polimorfismos en el ADN Amplificados al Azar). Se probaron 60 iniciadores y se estudió un total de 185 loci. El porcentaje de loci polimórficos entre especies fue 90.6 %. Dentro de cada especie hubo reducida variabilidad genética, con porcentajes de 14.7 % en C. argyrosperma, 14 % en C. ficifolia, 20.8 % en C. pepo y 37 % en C. moschata. El grado de flujo genético fue bajo (Nm = 0.14) lo que indica que hay menos de un migrante por generación entre las poblaciones de las especies. El coeficiente de diferenciación genética entre las poblaciones (Gst = 0.77) indicó que las cuatro especies están altamente diferenciadas. Los marcadores RAPD agruparon las especies en cuatro grandes grupos, correspondientes a cada una de las especies. C. argyrosperma y C. moschata fueron las especies más relacionadas con un coeficiente de identidad de 0.79. C. pepo se relacionó con C. argyrosperma y C. moschata con coeficiente de identidad de 0.63 y 0.69, respectivamente, y la especie más alejada fue C. ficifolia.
İSLAM ÖNCESİ ORTA ASYA TÜRK DEVLETLERİNDEKİ İNŞAAT TEKNİĞİNİN GÜNÜMÜZ İNŞAAT TEKNİĞİNE YANSIMALARI
Authors: ŞAHBAZ Mehibe
Published: October 2020

Toplumların üzerinde yaşadığı coğrafya ve bu coğrafyanın iklimi, topoğrafik oluşumları, fiziksel çevre koşulları toplumların kültürel yapısını şekillendirirken, o toplumun kültürel yapılanmasının nasıl olacağı hakkında da önemli göstergeler ortaya koymaktadır. İslamiyet Öncesi Orta Asya da yaşayan Türk Devletleri de Orta Asya’nın coğrafi ve iklimsel yapısına göre şekillenirken aynı zamanda bölgenin kültürel dinamiklerini de içerisinde taşımıştır. Bu kültürel dinamiklerden biride Orta Asya’dan günümüze kadar gelebilen ev ve bu evlerin yapımında kullanılan malzemeler ve yapım tekniğidir. Eski Türklerdeki evler, inşaat malzemeleri ve tekniği, Orta Asya’dan başlayıp Kafkaslara, Avrupa’ya ve Anadolu’ya kadar gelerek, geçmişten günümüze birçok değişikliğe uğrayarak günümüze kadar gelmiştir. Çalışmamızda İslam Öncesi Orta Asya Türk Devletlerinde uzun bir süreç içerisinde oluşan ve her dönemdeki kültürel değişimleri içerisinde barındıran ve zengin maddi kültür unsuru olan ev ve evlerin yapımında kullanılan malzemeler mimari yapılanmasının oluşumunu belirleyen unsurlar ele alınırken yapım malzemeleri ve inşaat tekniğinin günümüzde inşaat alanındaki yansımaları ele alınmıştır.
ÖRGÜTSEL VATANDAŞLIK DAVRANIŞI İLE ÖRGÜTSEL STRES İLİŞKİSİNİN HAVAYOLU UÇUŞ EKİBİ ÖRNEKLEMİNDE İNCELENMESİ
Authors: MERT Gözde , DURMAZ Vildan , KÜÇÜKALTAN Berk
Published: October 2020

Havayolu taşımacılığı tüm dünyada olduğu gibi Türkiye’de de giderek artan talep karşısında gelişimini ve değişimini sürdürmektedir. Değişen iş modelleri, alt yapıdaki gelişmeler, ekonomik ve yasal düzenlemelerde yaşanan değişimler ülkemizde havayolu işletmelerini taşımacılık sektöründeki diğer operasyonel rakiplerine karşı avantajlı konuma getirmektedir. Bunların yanı sıra, havayolu sektöründeki firmalar için rekabetteki üstünlüğü korumak, pazarda sürdürülebilirliği sağlamak amacıyla müşterilere verdiği değer kadar insan kaynağına da önem vermeleri gerektiği bilinci oluşmaktadır. İnsan kaynağına önem artmakla birlikte, havayolu sektöründe iş gücü devir oranının yüksek olması önemli bir sorun olarak ortaya çıkmaktadır. Bu soruna çözüm olarak, personelin örgüte bağlılığını artırmak için, örgüt içi stresi azaltarak gönüllülük esasına dayanan örgütsel vatandaşlık davranışının sergilenmesi ile hedeflenen örgütsel etkinliğe ulaşmak mümkündür. Nitekim, iş stresinin yoğun olduğu iş kollarından biri olan havacılık sektöründe, havayolu uçuş personelinin örgütsel bağlılıklarının iş verimliliği ve iş kalitesini artırarak müşteri memnuniyetine ve örgütsel verimliliğe katkı sağladığı görülmektedir. Dolayısıyla, bu çalışmanın amacı, havayolu uçuş ekibinin karşılaştığı örgütsel stres ile ortaya koyduğu örgütsel vatandaşlık davranışı arasındaki ilişkiyi ampirik olarak analiz etmektir. Bu amaçla, öncelikle örgüt stresi ve örgütsel vatandaşlık davranışı kavramları hem genel anlamda hem de havayolu uçuş ekibi açısından ele alınmıştır. Bu çerçevede, Organ’ın kabul görmüş örgütsel vatandaşlık davranışlarının beş boyutu ele alınarak Örgütsel Vatandaşlık Davranışı ve Örgütsel Stres ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Araştırma verileri Türkiye genelinde uygulanmış olup, 645 kişi bu araştırmaya katılmıştır. Neden-sonuç ilişkilerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla çalışmada, basit doğrusal korelasyon ve çoklu doğrusal regresyon analizleri uygulanmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda örgütsel stresin, örgütsel vatandaşlık davranışını her boyutta -fedakârlık, nezaket, sorumluluk, sportmenlik, erdemlilik- olumsuz etkilediği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
About the methods for specifying the date of drawing up of the Russian State of the XVII century
Authors: Krassowski Anton
Published: October 2020

Based on the review of materials representing the recently commissioned Web-GIS “Drawings of the Russian State of the XVII-XVIII centuries”, it is concluded that some of the characteristics of interest to researchers are not presented for each of the drawings. Also, on the basis of the considered works, it is concluded that the dates of drawing up some drawings, determined on the basis of attribution of drawings to a particular Department, are not able to ensure the confidence of the researcher in their reliability. The methods used to determine the dates of creation of drawings of the Russian State of the XVII-XVIII c. are described in the literature and the possibility of their use by a researcher of cartographic materials who is not a specialist in the field of history is evaluated. It is concluded that it is necessary to find simpler ways to determine the dates, if possible, do not require access to the materials stored in the archives. The technique of determining the time interval during which the drawing of the Russian state, originally dated only approximately, the XVII c., could be drawn up, is presented. It is based on the comparison of the information on the names, property and persons of the owners of the objects depicted in the drawing (land holdings and settlements) with the relevant information available about them in various historical materials. Other varieties of the presented technique based on the analysis of changes in the properties of objects occurring over time and the analysis of the set of objects depicted in the drawing are also considered. The efficiency of the applied method for Dating drawings of the XVII c. is shown and its efficiency is estimated. The list of recommended historical materials is given. The result of solving a specific problem is presented.
Using of historical cartography, remote sensing data and GIS for studying of land division system of Taurian Chersonesos
Authors: Smekalova Tatyana , Terekhin Edgar , Pasumanskiy Alexei , Lisetskii Fedor
Published: October 2020

The article presents the results of work on the use of historical cartography data, German captured aerial photographs of Luftwaffe 1941–1944, a satellite image of 1966 and geographic information systems (GIS) for a detailed reconstruction and identification of the basic principles of the ancient land division system of the ancient chora (rural area) of Tauric Chersonesos in Crimea. Based on the integrated GIS, it was possible to reconstruct an ancient grid of 4- and 6-hecatogygos blocks linked to the terrain, separated by roads. The creation of plans for intra-unit land surveying was carried out on the basis of the analysis of multi-temporal aerial and satellite imagery in the ArcGIS geographic information environment. It was carried out by creating and further processing a group of vector layers, the main of which included a grid of roads, the rest — dividing blocks into plots and single hector modules. The analysis in the GIS of the mutual arrangement of the elements of this grid made it possible to determine the sequence of development and delimitation of the territory of the Heraclean Peninsula in the 4th century BC. The study of the internal surveying of blocks by mosaic of aerial photographs of 1941–1944, integrated into the GIS, made it possible to trace the dynamics of changes in the 3rd century BC of internal division of blocs from individual civil plots (hectators) to large land holdings, sometimes reaching and even exceeding the size of the whole block. As a result of a comprehensive study using historical cartography, archival aerial photographs of the 1940s and a satellite image of 1966, collected in a single geographic information system, it was possible to determine the basic principles and identify the modules of the Taurian Chersonesos land surveying: a single civil plots (hecatogygos) and a unit of measurement of areas (aroura).
Remote and geophysical methods in the study of the uniguely preserved early iron age landscape of the upper part of the Lake Donuzlav in Crimea
Authors: Muld Sergej , Antipenko Anna , Gavrilyuk Andrej , Fridrikhson Sergej , Zhivanyuk Ivan
Published: October 2020

The article discusses the results of remote and geophysical studies, as well as selective excavations in the upper reaches of one of the largest and deepest lakes of Crimea — Donuzlav, which separate Tarhankut from the rest of the peninsula. Due to the unique landscape features, this region had important economic and communicative significance in all historical periods, especially in the early Iron Age: nomadic paths from the steppes to winter pastures and natural shelters of the Tarkhankut Peninsula extended to the sea and Chersonessian trade and military routes resembled here.

To study the cultural landscape of Lake Donuzlav and its branched ravines system, a comprehensive technique was developed combining the methods of cartography, remote sensing, GIS, geophysics, ground-based automobile-foot archaeological explorations and selective excavations.

With the help of detailed historical maps, the main routes and crossings of the autochthonous population of the early Iron Age and ancient Greek colonists were revealed. The presence of natural shelters (deep ravines and balkas, capes and cliffs) and the richness of natural resources of Donuzlav (the abundance of fresh water, fertile soil, building materials (stone, clay, wood, reeds), food (fish, shellfish, wildfowl), led to dense population in the early Iron Age. The use of archival aerial photographs of 1943 and 1971, as well as satellite photographs of 1966 in combination with modern high-resolution satellite imagery revealed at least two dozen of settlements of the Early Iron Age along the shores and in the ravine system of the upper reaches of Lake Donuzlav. Terrestrial archaeological explorations were accompanied by geophysical surveys (magnetic, electromagnetic surveys) of the most promising objects. Using magnetic maps of the identified settlements, locations for archaeological spotting were determined. Excavations at the sites selected based on the results of remote and geophysical studies have revealed typical structural features of houses and outbuildings of the local population of the early Iron Age. These features were determined by the presence of local natural building materials: dense building limestone of the Sarmatian geological layer, clay and reeds growing in the lower reaches of the ravines that flow into Donuzlav Lake.

As a result of the study, it was concluded that the unique natural-historical landscape of the upper reaches of Lake Donuzlav is the key to adaptation methods, survival strategies, and economic models of the Early Iron Age population in Northwest Taurica.
Cartographic methods for solving historical and geographical problems (on the example of multiscale research of Europe, mediterranean and North-Western Black Sea regions)
Authors: Herzen Andrey
Published: October 2020

Numerous and multidimensional problems of the modern world have a self-evident, but not always obvious, geographical conditionality and spatial reflection, which are the objects of interest of specialists. At the same time, the geographical approach to understanding the global problems of humanity and their multiscale nature is inseparable from the historical approach, and historic-geographical research is an integral factor in a comprehensive scientific search. This approach allows us to represent historic-geographical landscapes as integral natural and anthropogenic geosystems, to understand their structure and patterns of development. A comprehensive historic-geographical search integrates the knowledge gained in various scientific fields, and provides the basis for further geographical, historical, ethnographic, cultural and other scientific and practical research.

Cartographic methods serve as the cornerstone of the historic-geographical approach, the application of which within the framework of complex research allows us to solve important scientific problems and find reliable answers to numerous questions that arise when systematizing knowledge about the natural and cultural heritage.

Comprehensive studies based on this multiscale approach were carried out at the macro-regional level as part of a special geographical and cultural analysis of the Mediterranean-Black Sea region (high-precision mapping and generalization, determining the place of the Black Sea in the framework of the Great Mediterranean), toponymic surveys (transferred geographical names within Central, Eastern Europe and the Balkans), in the North-Western Black Sea region — at the meso- and micro-regional level — for the historic-geographical landscape of the Middle Dniester, characterized by weak urbanization processes, but extremely high concentration of monuments of natural and cultural heritage, the formation of which is due to both the border and the connecting role of the river (interdisciplinary studies of unique architectural monuments in Rashkov, Vad-Rashkov, Vasilkov, etc.), as well as for the urbanized central part of Moldavia (the reconstruction of the historic-geographical landscape of medieval Kishinev based on the use of a combination of traditional and innovative methods, which allowed to identify the location of medieval fortifications and their influence on the existing buildings).
Some questions of theoretical cartography
Authors: Gordeziani Tengiz
Published: October 2020

The article is devoted to current theoretical issues of modern cartography. The paper puts forward the concept of metacartography, which laid as the foundation for the Theory of Cartography as a science. The author of this concept is the outstanding Georgian cartographer Alexander Aslanikashvili, who is the founder of the theory of cartography. This concept, which in a new way comprehended the main categories of cartography (the subject of cognition of science, the method of studying a certain side of reality and language) by means of which cartography examines its subject, made it possible to raise some questions of theoretical cartography for research: 1) temporal synthesis; 2) timescale; 3) dynamic generalization.

The temporary synthesis in the article is considered on the basis of the results of a theoretical study of A. Aslanikashvili, cartographic forms of analysis and synthesis. Temporal synthesis is studied by the example of diurnal state maps of natural-territorial complexes (steks). The process of temporary synthesis of the so-called “multi-temporal maps” is carried out for one year at three levels: 1) synthesis of dynamic maps for one month; 2) synthesis of dynamic maps for one season; 3) synthesis of dynamic maps for one year. As a result of the temporary synthesis of stacks maps, one synthetic map is compiled without loss of the initial spatiotemporal information. In the process of mapping there are used the so-called “spatiotemporal” diagrams. A new concept of “mapped time” was introduced.

In cartography, two types of scale are investigated: a) the scale of space (degree of abstraction) and b) the scale of content (degree of generalization). The article studies the timescale when mapping stacks. In the work, this concept is defined as the degree of generalization of the essence of the development of the mapped phenomenon.

The article explores another issue — dynamic generalization. The study is based on stacks’ maps for one year. It was found that dynamic generalization depends on the “degree of syntheticity” of the stecks maps. Dynamic generalization is in direct correlation with the number of dynamics maps of the spatiotemporal model phenomenon.

The issues of temporal synthesis, time scale and dynamic generalization are in close relationship with each other. For example, dynamic generalization is the result of a temporary synthesis, and these processes are carried out with the presence of a time scale.
Metacartography of A. Aslanikashvili and Relational Cartography
Authors: Chabaniuk Viktor , Rudenko Leonid
Published: October 2020

Relational cartography is defined as the coordinated arts, sciences and technologies of making and using relations in cartographic systems and between cartographic systems. It is orthogonal to the paradigms of cartography, which research subject is map. The article describes the influence of A. Aslanikashvili’s metacartography (hereinafter Metacartography) on the main components of relational cartography based on patterns (hereafter Relational Cartography or RelCa) as a science: inquiry domain (research subject), knowledge about the research subject, and methodology for acquisition new knowledge about the research subject. When considering the research subjects, the cases of coincidence of specific spaces of Metacartography and relational spaces and spatial systems of RelCa are described. It is proved that the main influence of Metacartography on knowledge of the RelCa research subject is the cartographic justification of the presence and correctness of epistemological relations in and between cartographic systems (and their originals in actuality). It is shown that the cartographic method of cognition of the Metacartography research subject is the basis of specialized cartographic methods of cognition of RelCa spatial systems. The main differences between Metacartography and RelCa are the need to extend the RelCa research subject caused by the needs of modern cartographic practice. It leads to the extension of knowledge about the research subject, as well as to the corresponding development of methodology for acquisition new knowledge about the RelCa research subject. It has been suggested that coordinating one of the Subject cartographies with RelCa will allow creation of System Cartography. Such System Cartography will finally be a theory of cartography that will allow cartography to emerge from a constant crisis. In addition, practitioners will receive scientific explanations and justification for the necessary tools to deal with new cartographic phenomena.