bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Some problems associated with criminal procedural functions in the legislation of the Republic of Azerbaijan
Authors:   PhD in Law, Associate Professor, member of the Expert Council of the public legal entity “Institute of Law and Human Rights” at the public legal entity “Center for Legal Expertise and Legislative Initiatives”, member of the Bar Association of the Republic of Azerbaijan (Azerbaijan)., Aliyev Aydin
Published: September 2024

The presented article is devoted to the problems of separation from each other of the functions of subjects of criminal proceedings. It provides a comparative analysis of how the Criminal Procedure Code of the Republic of Azerbaijan does not provide for a specific norm defining the division of criminal procedural functions, but in the legislation of the Russian Federation and Ukraine provide, respectively. It is argued that, despite the implementation of legal reforms, the improvement of criminal procedure legislation and the proclamation of a number of democratic principles in criminal proceedings, the adversarial nature of the parties in the preliminary investigation is still declarative in nature. The historical and political roots of this have the same source - the repressive traditions of the totalitarian Soviet state. As a result of the study, the author comes to the conclusion that in order to eliminate the existing problems, to ensure the suspect and the accused have the right to defense provided for by the Constitution of the Republic of Azerbaijan, to exercise the defense function at the level of relevant requirements, along with the improvement of criminal procedural legislation, the precise definition of the functions of the subjects of criminal proceedings and the elimination of existing contradictions by completely separating them from each other, it is necessary to develop and implement measures related to the development of the legal consciousness of these subjects and the strengthening of their responsibility.
Multidisciplinary Design Optimization of Active Debris Removal Mission via Electric Propulsion
Authors: Hofheins Giuliana C. , Kann Elliot , Mayo-Smith Alexander , Haji Maha N. , Petro Elaine M.
Published: September 2024

A design optimization framework for an active orbital debris removal mission to minimize the life cycle cost and mission time is presented. The general concept of operations consists of spacecraft capable of deorbiting 22 identical high-priority debris from sun-synchronous orbit via continuous low thrust from electrostatic thrusters. This modular subsystem framework is proposed and investigated with a fractional factorial design of experiments approach as preliminary analysis in order to inform effects of design variables as well as identify the scope of possible design and output space. The single-objective optimization minimizes the life cycle cost of the mission through a heuristic-based genetic algorithm, resulting in a 4.12-year, $354 million mission using 5.34 kW xenon Hall thrusters. Pareto fronts generated by a multiobjective weighted-sum genetic algorithm are presented to highlight the cost and time objective space for both a nominal and expensive xenon price per kilogram to show design space fluctuations with xenon price volatility. High-power 8 kW xenon Hall thrusters are proven to be in closest proximity to the utopia of the multiobjective design space with a cost of $687 million and mission time of 1 year. High-power krypton Hall thrusters prove to offer a comparable alternative to xenon systems.
Perspective on Quantum Sensors from Basic Research to Commercial Applications
Authors: Oh Eun , Gregoire Maxwell D. , Black Adam T. , Jeramy Hughes K. , Kunz Paul D. , Larsen Michael , Lautier-Gaud Jean , Lee Jongmin , Schwindt Peter D. D. , Mouradian Sara L. , Narducci Frank A. , Sackett Charles A.
Published: September 2024

Quantum sensors represent a new generation of sensors with improved precision, accuracy, stability, and robustness to environmental effects compared to their classical predecessors. After decades of laboratory development, several types of quantum sensors are now commercially available or are part-way through the commercialization process. This paper provides a brief description of the operation of a selection of quantum sensors that employ the principles of atom–light interactions and discusses progress toward packaging those sensors into products. This paper covers quantum inertial and gravitational sensors, including gyroscopes, accelerometers, gravimeters, and gravity gradiometers that employ atom interferometry, nuclear magnetic resonance gyroscopes, atomic and spin-defect magnetometers, and Rydberg electric field sensors.
Energy Element Method for Three-Dimensional Vibration Analysis of Stiffened Plates with Complex Geometries
Authors: Jing Zhao
Published: September 2024

A novel numerical method, the energy element method, is proposed for the three-dimensional vibration analysis of stiffened plates with complex geometries. The problem is modeled in a cuboidal domain, and a cuboidal energy element is developed for the simulation of the structural components. To simulate the energy distribution of the structure, stiffened plates are treated as discrete energy systems, where variable stiffness is used to characterize their energy distribution in a cuboidal domain and a global admissible function is used to approximate their vibrational behavior. With extended interval integral, Gauss quadrature, variable stiffness, and Legendre polynomials used for numerical integration in the cuboidal domain, the cuboidal energy element can offer sufficient precision with sufficient Gauss points for simulating the strain energy of stiffened plates with complex geometries. The Gauss–Legendre quadrature will provide accurate integration results if the integral domain is cuboidal. Otherwise, small cuboidal energy elements are generated with denser Gauss points to capture the geometric boundaries. As the numerical model is constructed on a standard geometric domain, all energy functionals and computational procedures are standard. Three-dimensional vibration problems are investigated for variously shaped stiffened plates with straight or curvilinear stiffeners. The present results are compared with analytical, numerical, and experimental results published in the literature.
Performance Analysis and Multi-Objective Optimization of an Offset Plate-Fin Crossflow Heat Exchanger
Authors: Bassily Ashraf Maurice , Ghazy Ahmed
Published: September 2024

A compact crossflow offset plate-fin heat exchanger (CPFHE) is widely used in many industrial applications. In this paper, a local sensitivity analysis was performed and a parametric analysis was used to validate the results of the sensitivity analysis and locate the optimum by utilizing the unidirectional search. A new formula for the mass of the CPFHE that includes the masses of fans was introduced. A practical approach was used to formulate multi-objective optimization problems through which the total annual relative cost, heat rate, effectiveness, and mass of the CPFHE were optimized separately and simultaneously relative to 13 optimization design variables using a genetic algorithm and the direct search method. The main optimization results showed that the effectiveness of the CPFHE could be increased by 9% through performing the optimization process relative to an additional influential variable, achieving a remarkable 0.9812. The actual value for the optimized mass of the CPFHE reported in the literature (a very small volume with huge pressure drops and massive fans) is many times greater than the optimized mass of this study. The distributions of the Pareto-optimal point solutions of multi-objective optimization results for three different conflict-objective functions were plotted and showed that all points are nondominated.
Frequency Domain Thermal Analysis of Future Spacecraft and Systems
Authors: Harpole George M. , Arenberg Jonathan W. , Petach Michael B.
Published: September 2024

Future space telescopes require tight thermomechanical stability. The thermal analysis may be based on a nonlinear steady solution with a superimposed linear transient perturbation. This linearity allows frequency domain (FD) thermal solutions that retain high resolution when scaled. Linearity allows generality through superposition. Linear superelements can represent subsystems and thereby simplify interfaces. The (rare) prior spacecraft FD thermal analyses have been with [Formula: see text] system matrices, converting lumped parameter (LP) time domain models to FD. This paper includes continuously distributed resistance and capacitance elements. Exact distributed element results differ greatly from LP renditions at higher frequency. Two FD methods are used together: a [Formula: see text] matrix method with a bridge to an [Formula: see text] matrix method. The [Formula: see text] method allows the combination of elements in series/parallel configurations into overall elements. The [Formula: see text] matrices can then be used in an [Formula: see text] system matrix formulation. This paper includes FD analysis and programming methods, FD testing methods, and model to data comparisons. A thermal signal generator was developed for FD testing.
Parametric Study on Radiative Transfer in Finite-Length Concentric-Cylindrical Systems
Authors: Yuen Walter W.
Published: September 2024

A parametric study on the radiative heat transfer in a finite-length concentric-cylindrical system with a gray absorbing/emitting medium is conducted. To facilitate a direct comparison with an existing one-dimensional solution for an infinite-length concentric-cylindrical system, all boundary surfaces are assumed to be diffuse and gray with zero emissive power except for the inner radial surface, which has a uniform finite emissive power. The effect of geometric parameters, surface emissivity, and optical thickness are demonstrated. As the aspect ratio (ratio of the length to the annular thickness of the enclosure) increases, the heat transfer results converge to the one-dimensional solution of an infinite-length concentric cylinder. However, the convergence of the heat flux distribution is local, with a separate rate of convergence at the central region and at the top and bottom edge regions of the enclosure. In terms of the total heat transfer to the outer radial surface, the convergence to the one-dimensional solution is asymptotic, and a large aspect ratio is required to reach close agreement with the one-dimensional limit. Solutions with a nonblack inner and outer surface have similar convergence behavior except that it requires, in general, a larger aspect ratio to converge to the one-dimensional solutions.
Perfil sociodemográfico, clínico e adesão ao tratamento medicamentoso de pacientes psiquiátricos ambulatoriais
Authors: Melo Junior Clovis da Silva , Bandeira Marina , Andrade Mário César Rezende
Published: September 2024

Objetivo: Apresentar as características sociodemográficas, clínicas e de adesão ao tratamento medicamentoso de pacientes psiquiátricos em acompanhamento ambulatorial e avaliar evidências de confiabilidade da escala MARS. Métodos: Estudo transversal descritivo, com 100 indivíduos, de ambos os sexos, atendidos em dois serviços de saúde mental, CAPS e HD. As características sociodemográficas e clínicas foram investigadas com um questionário e a adesão aos medicamentos utilizando a escala MARS. Os dados foram analisados com auxílio do software IBM SPSS Statistics. Resultados: A amostra foi composta por 48% de homens e 52% de mulheres no CAPS e por 56% de homens e 44% de mulheres no HD. A idade média no CAPS foi de 40 anos (DP: 11,78) e de 46,52 anos (DP: 12,57) no HD. A média do escore de adesão aos medicamentosfoi de 5,56 (DP = 2,56) no CAPS e 6,54 (DP = 2,29) no HD. A análise do alfa de Cronbach da MARS revelou valor igual a 0,72 e ICC = 0,93 [95%=0,884–0,963], F(49-49) = 15,780; (p<0,001). Conclusão: Este estudo contribui com informações sobre o perfil de usuários em tratamento ambulatorial e sua adesão ao tratamento medicamentoso e apresenta evidências de confiabilidade da escala MARS para uso no contexto brasileiro.
Cuidado familiar a crianças com adoecimentos crônicos raros
Authors: Androlage Juliana Soares , Souza Ítala Paris de , Barsaglini Reni Aparecida , Bellato Roseney , Dias Milena Fernandez , Lessa Rosângela Souza , Bezerra Maria Simone Mendes
Published: September 2024

Objetivo: Descrever as características sobre o cuidado familiar da criança com adoecimento crônico raro, disponíveis nas bases de dados na área da saúde. Métodos: revisão integrativa da literatura realizada nas bases de dados Web of Science, Medical Literature Analysis and Retrievel System Online, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied, Literatura Latino-americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde, Scientific Electronic Library Online, Banco de Dados em Enfermagem e Índice Bibliográfico Español en Ciencias de la Salud. Constituiu-se amostra de 57 estudos sobre o tema. Resultados: Constatou-se alto índice de publicações em 2019, predominância de produçao internacional e método qualitativo. Categorizou-se a produção em quatro eixos temáticos: Desafios no processo de viver e cuidar; Mudanças, impactos e necessidades de suporte/cuidados; Ferramentas para auxiliar as famílias e/ou profissionais no cuidado e Recebimento do Diagnóstico. Considerações finais: Embora a importância do cuidado familiar a crianças com adoecimentos crônicos raros seja evidente, a produção indica uma desadequação entre a demanda das famílias e o apoio recebido, resultando em sobrecarga. Recomenda-se reflexões para que práticas de cuidados em que a interface política/cuidado familiar/doenças raras estejam interconectadas, abrandando, a sobrecarga enfrentada pelas famílias no cuidado solitário.
β-Talassemia maior: diagnóstico precoce e aumento na sobrevida
Authors: Santana Beatriz Cristina , Ieiri Ieda Sayuri Lourenço dos Santos , Bello Guilherme Malandrino , Alves Laís , Furtado Ana Carolina Barbosa , Pirone Ana Carolina Eleuterio , Cecchi Andréa de Oliveira , Furtado Carla Alexandra Nasser Barbosa
Published: September 2024

Objetivo: Descrever estratégias de diagnóstico precoce e manejo pluridisciplinar da β talassemia maior, com a intenção de aprimorar a qualidade de vida e prover um tratamento adequado de um paciente, baseado em um relato de caso. Detalhamento de Caso: Paciente, masculino, oito anos, gestação a termo, sem intercorrências e triagem neonatal sem alterações. Aos dois meses apresentou sucção débil, hipoatividade, sonolência, palidez cutâneo-mucosa, icterícia e anemia microcítica e hipocrômica grave, realizado transfusão sanguínea e levantado a hipótese de hemoglobinopatia hereditária. Aos 3 meses foi diagnosticado com β talassemia maior, iniciando tratamento com transfusões sanguíneas e uso de quelantes de ferro. Atualmente, mantém acompanhamento regular, realizando periodicamente tratamento e monitorização com exames. Considerações finais: O diagnóstico precoce é essencial para melhorar a sobrevida na β talassemia maior, reiterando avanços diagnósticos. Múltiplas opções terapêuticas, como transfusões, o uso de quelantes de ferro oral, transplantes de medula óssea e terapia genética, aprimoram a qualidade de vida, embora os desafios relacionados a transfusões afetem a adesão ao tratamento. O estudo, apesar de sua limitação em um único caso, ressalta a necessidade de mais estudos para aprimorar os resultados e a vida dos pacientes.
Pavel Petrovich Shibanov as a Supplier of Books for the Libraries of the Imperial Family (Late 19th — Early 20th Century)
Authors: Sokolov Alexander S.
Published: September 2024

On the basis of letters from the collection No. 342 of the Manuscripts Department of the Russian State Library (RSL) the co-operation of the famous Russian antiquarian book dealer of the late 19th — early 20th century P.P. Shibanov with the members of the House of Romanov in the field of formation of their personal libraries is studied. The study was carried out with the aim of obtaining reliable information about the editions offered to complete the personal libraries of the Imperial House. On the basis of previously unexplored sources the assortment of P.P. Shibanov’s booksellers, presented for purchase to the members of the Imperial Family, is revealed. The letters from the Shibanov collection of the RSL were received by the bookseller from high-ranking officials of the courts of the grand dukes and grand duchesses, and in some cases directly from members of the dynasty. The material gives an idea of the spheres of intellectual predilections of the Romanovs, of their interest in rare and ancient editions, among which were books of the 17th—18th centuries. The prices for books indicated in the letters are of no small importance. Among the information about the booksellers’ assortment offered to the Romanovs we should mention the books that for one reason or another did not interest the members of the dynasty during the preliminary acquaintance and were returned to the bookseller.

In the course of the research, the drafts of P.P. Shibanov’s letters to the Moscow Governor-General, Grand Duke Sergei Alexandrovich, were revealed, and the exchange of telegrams with the Pushkin enthusiast, Prince Oleg Konstantinovich of Imperial Blood, was analyzed.

Most of the letters were received from the court offices of the Grand Dukes Nikolai Mikhailovich (a famous historian), Konstantin Konstantinovich and Pyotr Nikolayevich (through the court office of the latter the sending of books to his wife, Grand Duchess Militsa Nikolaevna, for familiarization was discussed).The letters we have identified cover mainly the late 1890s — early 1900s; the latest are a telegram from Prince Oleg Konstantinovich of Imperial Blood, received by P.P. Shibanov in 1913, and a letter from the court office of Grand Duke Konstantin Konstantinovich in 1915.

The studied letters reveal the book assortment offered by P.P. Shibanov to the members of the Imperial Family and the book preferences of the Romanovs, but do not indicate whether these books were purchased by them.
Features of Reference and Bibliographic Services for Students in University Libraries
Authors: Luneva Yulia V.
Published: September 2024

Students are in a continuous process of communication, using various information environments and electronic resources of the Internet. But at the same time they do not interact with libraries enough, they do not know their capabilities. This paper highlights the issue of effective use of modern technologies to create forms and methods of reference and bibliographic services adapted to the information needs of students. The purpose of the article is to identify the experience of foreign university libraries aimed at attracting students and increasing their awareness of reference services on the basis of publications in English-language periodicals. Readers belonging to the Internet generation are an active segment of the target audience, and specialists of reference and bibliographic services should study their individual information needs and purposefully promote library resources and services oriented to the youth audience. One of the ways to solve these problems is to organize library cooperation programmes, where librarians integrate their knowledge and skills into the educational process, being in constant contact with both students and university lecturers. The article considers the key vectors of development of reference and bibliographic services in the conditions of modern society. It is concluded that students prefer a multi-level hybrid model of reference bibliographic service with the fulfillment of user requests (remotely and face-to-face) in the context of their personal preferences in combination with independent search using information resources of libraries.
Doublet Collection of the Moscow Public and Rumyantsev Museums as a Source of Formation of the Library of D.V. Ulyaninsky
Authors: Samarin Alexander Yu.
Published: September 2024

In the article on the basis of the analysis of the three-volume printed catalogue “Library of D.V. Ulyaninsky” (Moscow, 1912—1915) and the manuscript “Catalogue of New Acquisitions of the Library of Dimitri Vasilievich Ulyaninsky” the question of the acquisition of doublet copies from the Library of the Moscow Public and Rumyantsev Museums by a bibliophile is considered. The practice of selling books from the doublet collection of this book depository is little studied. The annual reports of the Moscow Public and Rumyantsev Museums present only data on the total amount of cash receipts under this item. The materials of D.V. Ulyaninsky allow us to examine in more detail the practice of private individuals buying copies from the doublet collection of the oldest public library in Moscow. On the basis of the studied data we can conclude that the doublet collection of the Moscow Public and Rumyantsev Museums was a valuable source of replenishment of private book collections with rare editions sold at relatively low prices.
“Rumyantsev Readings — 2024”: N.P. Rumyantsev’s Heritage and Topical Issues of Development of Modern Librarianship
Authors: Ivanova Elena A.
Published: September 2024

On 23—25 April 2024, the Russian State Library (RSL) hosted the annual International Research and Practical Conference “Rumyantsev Readings” (organizers: Ministry of Culture of the Russian Federation, RSL, the Library Assembly of Eurasia). The topics raised at the conference invariably attract a large number of specialists from different regions of Russia and other countries with their versatility and relevance. In 2024, representatives of the Russian Federation, the Republic of Belarus, the Republic of Azerbaijan, the Republic of Armenia, the Republic of Kazakhstan, the Kyrgyz Republic, the Republic of Tajikistan, and the Republic of Uzbekistan took part in it. Our country was represented by specialists from many cities and regions. 294 people took part in the event in person, 1,697 connections were recorded during the broadcasting of the sessions.

The conference topics covered a wide range of issues on the theory and practice of library science, bibliography and book studies. Among its main directions: history of libraries and other scientific and cultural institutions, as well as pages of life and activity of people connected with them; disclosure of book depositories’ funds; research of collections and individual copies of manuscript and printed monuments; multifaceted activities of modern libraries. One of the main goals of the conference is to expand intercultural interaction and co-operation between cultural, educational and scientific institutions. Within the framework of the “Rumyantsev Readings” the work of sections, both traditional for many years, and timed to the dates and events of 2024, was organized. Special attention was paid to the personality and heritage of the creator of the Rumyantsev Museum N.P. Rumyantsev (1754—1826), whose 270th anniversary is being celebrated in 2024. Other key topics of the conference were: “Scientific and methodological activities of libraries”, “Collectors, curators, researchers: the history of cultural institutions in the faces”, “The selfless people of the past and modern volunteer movement in the life of libraries”, “Book monuments in the library collections: creation, existence, storage and use”, “Library collections in the digital environment”, “Staffing makes the difference: young researchers in the modern library”.

The programme of the event included, in addition to the plenary session, ten sections and two round tables. By the beginning of the conference a collection of materials in three parts was prepared and published by the publishing house of the RSL “Pashkov Dom”, it included 168 articles by 180 authors.

“Rumyantsev Readings” have been held for more than four decades and continue to be a popular research and practical event among library professionals and representatives of other educational, scientific and cultural institutions, contributing to the development of scientific research and the introduction of new practices.
Об экспоненциальном росте числа конечных асимметричных гамильтоновых графов
Authors: Perminov E.A. , Kaplenko A.V.
Published: September 2024

Combinatorial analysis of various algebraic systems and their properties is an urgent problem of modern algebra. In a number of works, the growth function of algebraic systems has been studied, which, for a given natural n, indicates the number of n-element finite algebraic systems of a given type. In many works, the actual problem of studying various transformations of algebraic systems has also been investigated. In particular, it was investigated how "rich" or, conversely, "poor" the considered algebraic systems are with transformations of one kind or another. The paper studies asymmetric Hamiltonian graphs with only an identical automorphism. The article proves that the exponential growth function of asymmetric Hamiltonian graphs is.

Комбинаторный анализ различных алгебраических систем и их свойств является актуальной проблемой современной алгебры. В ряде работ изучалась функция роста алгебраических систем, которая для заданного натурального n указывает число n-элементных конечных алгебраических систем заданного вида. Во многих работах исследовалась также актуальная проблема изучения различных преобразований алгебраических систем. В частности, исследовалось, насколько «богаты» или, наоборот, «бедны» рассматриваемые алгебраические системы преобразованиями того или иного вида. В статье изучаются асимметричные гамильтоновы графы, обладающие только тождественным автоморфизмом. В статье доказано, что является экспоненциальной функция роста асимметричных гамильтоновых графов.
СОВРЕМЕННОЕ СОСТОЯНИЕ ФИНАНСОВОЙ СОСТАВЛЯЮЩЕЙ ХОЗЯЙСТВУЮЩИХ СУБЪЕКТОВ РЕСПУБЛИК СКФО
Authors: Гаджиева А.Г.
Published: September 2024

Проведена оценка финансовой составляющей хозяйствующих субъектов в рамках поступлений в бюджет республик СКФО. Эпидемия коронавируса внесла свою лепту в экономическое развитие всех звеньев экономической системы. Регионы СКФО характеризуются высоким дотационным бюджетом. В исследовании рассматриваются хозяйствующие субъекты по СКФО, которые в свою очередь в большей части представлены малыми и средними предприятиями, при этом их количество меняется в зависимости от условий функционирования. В статье рассмотрены основные показатели, характеризующие деятельность хозяйствующих субъектов. Важным показателем при характеристике хозяйствующих субъектов выступает оборот организаций по федеральному округу. Раскрыты специальные режимы налогообложения, что позволило выявить положительные и отрицательные их стороны в связи с чем и объясняется ежегодное дополнение и изменения НКРФ. Учитывая трудности, которые испытывает российская экономика, главной целью для регионов СКФО выступает не выход из сложившейся ситуации, а не уйти в еще большую зависимость. По основным социально-экономическим показателям регионы СКФО занимают последние строки в рейтинге субъектов РФ. Выход из сложившейся ситуации - развивать потенциал региона, ключевую роль в развитии субъектов играет инвестиционная привлекательность.
ОЦЕНКА ПОКАЗАТЕЛЕЙ ЗДОРОВЬЯ НАСЕЛЕНИЯ КРУПНОГО ПРОМЫШЛЕННОГО ГОРОДА КАЗАХСТАНА
Authors: Ержанова А.Е. , Аликеева Г.М. , Оспанова Д.А. , Жакупова М.Н. , Текманова А.К. , Игликова А.Э.
Published: September 2024

Нефтяное месторождение Кашаган является первым морским нефтяным месторождением, которое осваивает Республика Казахстан, и также является одним из крупнейших шельфовых месторождений нефти в мире, открытых за последние десятилетия. Месторождение располагается в северо-восточной части Казахстанского сектора Каспийского моря. Жители близлежащих к месторождению населенных пунктов обращаются в медицинские учреждения города Атырау. Кроме того, в городе расположены крупные нефтедобывающие и нефтеперерабатывающие заводы. Цель наших исследований — проведение мониторинговых исследований состояния здоровья населения города Атырау в сравнении с областными и республиканскими показателями. В основе научного анализа были эпидемиологические, статистические методы исследования. В статье показано количественное содержание основных химических загрязнителей в атмосферном воздухе, описаны уровни, структура и тенденции изменения первичной заболеваемости населения, а также представлен сравнительный анализ показателей заболеваемости исследуемого города с аналогичными показателями Атырауской области и Республики Казахстан. Ретроспективные данные о состоянии здоровья населения изучены по данным действующих информационных систем и отчетности местных органов статистики и здравоохранения города Атырау. Проведенными исследованиями установлено, что атмосферный воздух исследуемого города подвержен загрязнению выбросами химических веществ, а в динамике с 2006 года по 2021 год зарегистрировано увеличение показателей первичной заболеваемости населения. Основными причинами обращения населения в медицинские учреждения города Атырау были: болезни органов дыхания; болезни системы кровообращения; болезни глаз и его придатков; болезни органов пищеварения; болезни крови, кроветворных органов.
ОЦЕНКА ПОЛНОТЫ И СВОЕВРЕМЕННОСТИ ВАКЦИНАЦИИ ДЕТСКОГО НАСЕЛЕНИЯ В ПОЛИКЛИНИКЕ
Authors: Сарбасова Ж.О. , Аскербекова М.С. , Даутов Д.З. , Жумабекова А.Е. , Кайратова А.К. , Кереева Н.Т. , Сергазина А.А.
Published: September 2024

Вакцинация играет ключевую роль в снижении заболеваемости и смертности от инфекционных заболеваний у детей, поэтому целью нашего исследования была оценка охвата, полноты и своевременности вакцинации в поликлинике детей, рожденных в 2023 году для выявления пробелов и коррекции их в будущем. Проведено ретро- и проспективное исследование в поликлинике при городской клинической больнице №5. Исследованы 200 историй развития детей в электронном формате. Выявлено, что 154 ребенка в возрасте 1,43+1.71 день жизни и 156 детей в возрасте 3,21+1.79 день получили иммунизацию против вирусного гепатита «В» и туберкулёза в родильном доме соответственно. Провели вакцинацию первой дозой Инфанрикс-гекса 50 детям в возрасте 4,38+2,46 месяцев из 191 ребёнка; Инфанрикс-пента 27 детям в возрасте 4,78 ± 1,85 месяцев из 173 детей; второй дозой Инфанрикс-гекса иммунизированы 24 ребёнка в возрасте 6,83±2,22 месяцев из 148 детей. Вакцину против пневмонии первую дозу получили 49 детей в возрасте 4,35 ±2,5 месяцев из 189 детей; вторую дозу получили 22 ребёнка в возрасте 6,82 ±2,17 месяцев из 146. Вакцину против кори, краснухи и паротита получили 32 ребенка в возрасте 7,81±1,77 месяцев.
ОНКОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЯ У ЖЕНЩИН: ОБЩИЕ ЭПИДЕМИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ТЕНДЕНЦИИ В МИРЕ И КАЗАХСТАНЕ
Authors: Кусаинова Д.Н. , Багиярова Ф.А. , Турсынбекова А.Е. , Аимбетова Г.Е. , Канушина М.А. , Рамазанова М.А. , Джанбаева А.Б.
Published: September 2024

В данной статье рассматриваются общие эпидемиологические данные онкологических заболеваний в мире и Республике Казахстане. Описывается бремя злокачественных новообразований среди женщин как в странах с высоким, так и в странах с низким и средним доходом. Для анализа и сравнения используется информация из стран: Северной и Южной Америки, Европы, Африки и Республики Казахстана. В статье демонстрируется анализ научных публикаций о распространенности, заболеваемости и смертности от рака молочной железы и других видов онкологических заболеваний. Целью данной статьи является изучить общие эпидемиологические тенденции онкологических заболеваний женщин в мире и Казахстане. Проводился анализ публикаций по теме исследования, источников индексируемых в базах данных электронной библиотеки e-Library, Google Академия, Pubmed, Web of Science, Scopus. Изучались отчеты о рандомизированных и когортных исследованиях, проведенных на больших популяциях, метаанализы и систематические обзоры, оригинальные полнотекстовые статьи на английском и русском языках, находящиеся в открытом доступе и содержащие статистически подтвержденные выводы. Были исключены краткие отчеты, газетные статьи и личные сообщения. Глубина поиска составила 10 лет (2014–2023). Релевантный поиск выдал 2000 статей, после первичного анализа для итогового анализа были отобраны 60 статей По итогам проведенного литературного обзора результаты исследования является актуальной проблемой в медицине. Наиболее частыми опухолями являются рак легких, рак молочной железы, рак простаты, рак желудка, рак шейки матки и рак печени. Это обусловлено высокими показателями заболеваемости, увеличением смертности, недостаточной регистрацией первичных случаев рака, продолжающимися воздействиями неблагоприятных факторов внешней среды.
The Fourth CACHE Challenge – A Comprehensive Drug Discovery Workflow to Discover Potential Inhibitors of the Tyrosine Kinase Binding Domain of Cbl-b
Authors: Burai-Patrascu Mihai , Rostaing Ophélie , Janežič Matej , Moitessier Antoine , B. V. S. Suneel Kumar , Pottel Joshua , Moitessier Nicolas
Published: September 2024

Our objective for the CACHE Challenge #4 was to identify novel inhibitors of the tyrosine kinase binding domain (TKBD) of Cbl-b using an automated workflow that bypassed the human component for selecting the final list of compounds for testing. We designed a workflow involving in-depth structural and SAR analysis, followed by extensive pharmacophore modeling. We implemented the learnings from previous challenges we participated in by selecting a larger library of molecules (~48M compounds, Enamine REAL database Diversity Set) for screening. We filtered this library according to our analyses and medicinal chemistry guidelines (i.e., Lipinski, Veber, Lilly med chem rules), and obtained ~19.4M compounds, for which we generated ~308M conformers. We screened these conformers against our pharmacophore models and selected ~340K compounds for further analysis. We used Fitted to score and rank these compounds; ~106K compounds passed our scoring thresholds and were docked against the TKBD of Cbl-b. After docking, we selected 200 compounds for MD by employing a complex selection process that involved clustering and residue interaction analysis. The MD simulation protocol was fully automated and modified to account for an increase in time and computational demand. At the end of the simulations, we used the MM-PBSA framework to obtain relative binding free energies from the MD trajectories. The top 150 predicted binders were submitted to the CACHE committee, and 87 compounds were ultimately delivered.
Tissue-Mimicking Phantom for Liver Fat Quantification
Authors: Endsley Connor , Ali Shariq , Salhadar Karim , Woodward Adam , Garland Shea , Santelli Julien , Zeighami Salimabad Medhi , Ren Liqiang , Yokoo Takeshi , Rosado-Mendez Ivan , Fetzer David , de Gracia Lux Caroline
Published: September 2024

Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is now the most common cause of chronic liver disease worldwide, affecting approximately 30% of the U.S. population and one billion people globally. However, MAFLD often goes undiagnosed due to the lack of reliable clinical indicators and effective screening methods. The current gold standard for diagnosing and assessing MAFLD is through invasive liver biopsy, which is impractical for widespread screening or frequent monitoring. MASLD typically manifests as “macrovesicular steatosis,” characterized by a single large fat vacuole (30-50 µm) in each hepatocyte, representing a more benign and indolent form. However, approximately 20% of MASLD cases exhibit hepatocytes with numerous smaller fat vacuoles (1-15 µm), known as “microvesicular steatosis,” which is linked to a higher risk of steatohepatitis and progression to cirrhosis and cancer. Although ultrasound (US) imaging shows promise as a non-invasive method to assess liver fat content, traditional grayscale features are not sensitive enough to detect mild liver fat or small changes over time. Novel quantitative US-liver fat quantification (QUS-LFQ) tools that analyze acoustic attenuation and backscatter are emerging, with several techniques now available on the market. However, the sensitivity of current QUS-LFQ methods to variations in fat vacuole size remains unknown. While imaging phantoms can help validate these quantitative tools, there is currently no phantom model available that can link US measurements to the severity of steatosis. Existing techniques for modifying material properties such as attenuation, backscatter, and speed of sound do not account for the macro-structure of steatosis, where the size and distribution of scatterers (such as lipid vacuoles) likely influence acoustic wave interactions and thus affect quantitative US liver fat quantification (QUS-LFQ). We developed agar-based phantoms to simulate the excessive fat accumulation and presence of lipid droplets seen in steatotic hepatocytes, using stable micron-sized peanut oil droplets as stand-ins for these lipid vacuoles. Oil microparticles in the 5-20 µm and 20-60 µm size ranges were successfully produced and their stability confirmed. Microscopy and US imaging revealed a uniform distribution of phantom constituents, including oil microparticles, throughout the agar. US-LFQ measurements were accurate, with fat content closely matching theoretical values and those obtained by MRI. Spectral CT measurements demonstrated the expected linear decrease in X-ray attenuation as the lipid content in the phantoms increased. Herein we describe our methods for microparticle formulation and validation.
Electronic Structures of Late versus Early Transition Metal Imido Complexes from 15N NMR Signatures
Authors: Kakiuchi Yuya , Copéret Christophe
Published: September 2024

Imido ligand is a ubiquitous motif in organometallic chemistry, serving roles spanning from ancillary ligands to reactive sites. The nature of M=N bond is highly depended on the metal centres and their d-electron configuration, with late-transition metal (LTM) imido complexes exhibiting contrasting features when compared to their early-transition metal (ETM) analogues. Envisioning to uncover general electronic descriptor for the nature of imido ligands, we computationally investigate the solid-state 15N NMR signatures of LTM imido complexes with various central metals, geometries and d-electron counts, and compare them against these of the corresponding ETM systems. The spectroscopic signatures are mostly driven by the presence of filled, π-symmetry orbitals in LTM imido complexes, suggesting the development of high-lying π(M=N) and low-lying σ/σ*(M=N) orbitals. This contrasts with what is observed for the reported ETM systems, for which high-lying σ-type orbitals determine the NMR signature. Noteworthily, Ni- and Pd-imido complexes with d8 configurations exhibit highly asymmetric nitrogen-15 NMR signature with extremely deshielded principal components, because of the presence of filled, high-lying antibonding π*(M=N) orbitals, consistent with their high reactivity. The sensitive response of 15N NMR signature to the nature of metal sites further highlights that chemical shift is a useful reactivity descriptor.
How Many Federal Dollars Authorized under Recent Legislation Are Likely to Be Spent in Fourth District States?
Authors: Dunn Julianne E.
Published: September 2024

Recent legislation such as the American Rescue Plan Act has authorized increased federal spending over the coming years. This District Data Brief analyzes available data to estimate how much this legislation will boost federal spending in Fourth District states.
Biodiversity centers of fauna in the urbanized landscape of Eastern Podillia: taxonomic richness and conservation prospects
Authors: Matviichuk Oleksandr , Hudzevich Anatoliy , Shevchuk Oksana , Korobkova Hanna , Khodanitska Olena , Tkachuk Olesia , Polyvanyi Stepan , Stepanenko Inna
Published: September 2024

Statement of the problem and goal. Vinnytsia region now demonstrates one of the lowest indicators of provision of natural protected areas and objects (2.27% of the region’s area). The regional figure for Vinnytsia is even lower, which is 1.65% of the city’s area. The need of the day is to study the localities of rare species of biota, rare biotopes, and migration routes of animals in an urbanized environment as potential objects for the development of protected areas.

Materials and methods. Determination of the optimal methodology for identifying the taxonomic structure and ecological groups of the studied fauna based on the analysis of literary, cartographic, and stock materials. To assess the geocomponent representativeness of the fauna of the urban environment, expedition research methods were used. Systematization of terrestrial and terrestrial-aquatic taxonomic groups of fauna was carried out using empirical methods. Identification of characteristic traces and remains is used to record animals through visual observation. Audio Moth v.1.2.0 recording devices and an Echo Meter Touch 2 active bat detector were used to record owls (Strigiformes, Aves) and bats (Chiroptera, Mammalia). With the help of control catches, as well as through analysis of the catches of amateur fishermen, the species composition of fish was established.

Results and discussion. Under conditions of significant technogenic transformation of the biotopes of the tract and nearby aquatic landscapes, a relatively rich zoocenosis has formed. This zoocenosis unites synanthropic and local species of birds, reptiles, mammals, amphibians and fish. This is facilitated by the combination of a wide range of facies that provide the trophic and topical needs of animals. The territory of the tract, thanks to the rich species composition of animals and stable interspecies connections, can effectively serve as a center for the conservation of biodiversity and an educational, ecological and aesthetic mission in an urban landscape.

Scientific novelty. A specific faunal complex of the park, the mouth of the town of Tyazhilivka and the adjacent part of the Sabarovskoe reservoir has been identified. It includes 104 species of animals of the genus Chordata: class Mammals (Mammalia) - 14 species, class Birds (Aves) - 66 species, class Reptiles (Reptilia) - 4 species, class Amphibians (Amphibia) - 4 species, class Orthoptera (Actinopterygii) – 16 species. Research materials are the basis for the creation of a nature conservation area and the expansion and optimization of the existing natural reserve network of the urban environment.
Virtual reality and serious games in healthcare
Authors: Mohammed Sahil S. , Atheena Milagi Pandian S. , Rashika Murugan , Sri Manoj Kumar N.
Published: September 2024

This paper covers the uses and remedies of invented games and Virtual Reality (VR) in medical settings, such as exercise therapy for motor rehabilitation and exposure treatment for psychological fears and the alleviation of suffering. This paper examines the cutting-edge interactive gadgets seen in contemporary virtual reality and high-end gaming titles, including data gloves, haptic force feedback devices, and tracking devices based on sensors and cameras. Major ideas and breakthroughs in the discipline of gaming technology are examined, including adaptive games, flow theory, dynamic simulations, and potential uses in serious gaming and medicine. Examples of VR systems and game trials for stroke recovery are presented to illustrate the advantages and effects of these technologies over traditional clinical practices. The paper concludes by outlining potential future directions for the use of emerging gaming technologies in medical services, including augmented realities, the Wii-remote motion control system, and full-body motion capture and controller-free games, which were showcased at E3 2009. These technologies have significant potential for treating motor disorders, preventing obesity, and addressing other medical issues.
Perceived Mental Health and Quality of Life in Mothers of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder in Armed Forces in a Tertiary Care Center of North India: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Sinha Rahul , Rajpoot Karishma , Uniyal Ananya , Syed V. Sabid
Published: September 2024

Purpose: To explore the impact on mental health and quality of life among mothers following the diagnosis of mild or moderate autism in their child.Methods: The study included 100 consecutive mothers with a defence background, each having a child aged 3 to 10 years diagnosed with mild to moderate autism. Participants were briefed about the study, and informed consent was obtained. A quantitative experimental design was employed, utilising the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21 Items (DASS-21) and the World Health Organisation Quality of Life Scale-Brief (WHOQOL-Brief) to assess the mothers.Results: The results indicated that mothers experienced moderate levels of anxiety (mean±standard deviation, 10±6.4) and stress (19±6.7), but lower levels of depression (11±7.7), as measured by the DASS-21 questionnaire. The WHOQOL-Brief revealed a moderate decline in psychological health (transformative [T]-score=38) and social relationships (T-score=31). However, satisfaction with their environment (T-score=75) and physical health (T-score=63) was higher, potentially due to their defence background, which may provide easier access to healthcare and improved living conditions.Conclusion: Mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder experience moderate levels of stress and anxiety, and low levels of depression. Additionally, they face a decline in their quality of life.
Insuficiencia cardiaca con fracción de eyección preservada: diagnóstico y tratamiento en la práctica clínica
Authors: Luque Cervantes Martha Gabriela , García Loaiza Sanddy Emily , Saltos Arteaga Pablo Emilio , Molina Maldonado Dakmar Doménica
Published: September 2024

La insuficiencia cardíaca con fracción de eyección preservada (IC-FEp) representa un desafío clínico significativo debido a su prevalencia creciente y a la complejidad de su fisiopatología. A pesar de los avances en el diagnóstico y manejo de esta condición, aún persisten importantes lagunas en el conocimiento. Para llevar a cabo esta revisión bibliográfica, se realizó una búsqueda exhaustiva en las bases de datos científicas PubMed, Scopus y Cochrane Library. Se utilizaron combinaciones de los siguientes términos de búsqueda: "insuficiencia cardíaca", "fracción de eyección preservada", "diagnóstico", "tratamiento", "práctica clínica" y sus equivalentes en inglés. Los estudios incluidos fueron artículos originales publicados en revistas indexadas, en idioma español o inglés, desde el año 2010 hasta la fecha de la búsqueda. Los datos extraídos fueron analizados de manera cualitativa para identificar temas recurrentes y tendencias en la literatura. La IC-FEp representa un área de investigación activa y de gran relevancia clínica. A pesar de los desafíos existentes, los avances en el conocimiento de esta enfermedad y el desarrollo de nuevas estrategias terapéuticas ofrecen esperanza para mejorar el pronóstico de los pacientes. Un enfoque multidisciplinario y personalizado es esencial para optimizar el cuidado de estos pacientes y mejorar su calidad de vida.