bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efektivitas Pengembangan E-Book Fisika Berbasis Discovery Learning Tema Gempa Bumi untuk Meningkatkan Kompetensi Sikap Tangguh Peserta Didik
Authors: Ayu Fitrah , Fauzi Ahmad
Published: October 2021

The problem in this research is that the attainment of competence attitudes of students is still not optimal, namely the tough attitude of students in facing earthquake disasters. This development research aims to determine the level of effectiveness of using the integrated Physics e-book material for earthquake disaster mitigation in physics learning to improve the competence of students' resilient attitude. This type of research is Research and Development (R&D). The development model used is the Plomp development model which consists of three stages, namely the preliminary research phase, the development or prototyping phase, and the assessment phase. This study only describes the results of the assessment phase, namely the competence of students' attitudes. The method used in this research is descriptive method with data collection instruments, namely self-assessment in the form of questionnaires filled out by students. This research was conducted at 14 Padang Senior High School for the 2019/2020 Academic Year on wave material. The results of this study indicate that the integrated physics e-book earthquake mitigation material is effectively used in the learning process with the average percentage of students' attitudes for three meetings, namely 81% in the very effective category.
Problematika práva udělení amnestií ve světle amnestií udělených Vladimírem Mečiarem na Slovensku
Authors: Hoda Dominik
Published: October 2021

This article discusses the amnesties awarded by Prime Minister of the Slovak Republic Vladimír Meciar in 1998 in connection with the kidnapping of Michal Kovac ml. and a frustrated referendum. It describes the facts of these events, describes the mood in Slovakia and protracted attempts to cancel them. Finally, it compares the situation in the Czech Republic, deals with the legal regulation of the granting of amnesties and the transfer of this power to the Prime Minister and points out the danger of a similar situation as in Slovakia in the late 20th century.
Hybridní hrozby – fenomén v oblasti válek 21. století
Authors: Kartusová Alžběta
Published: October 2021

This article describes a new kind of security threats – hybrid threats – and aims to clarify not only the terms hybrid threat and hybrid warfare, but also examine the methods that are being used in relation to planning and engagement in such warfares. Furthermore, it suggests methods of protection against possible hybrid attacks both on international and national level.
Extremely unfavorable material situation as a ground for recognition of a marriage agreement invalid
Authors: Sobolev V.P.
Published: October 2021

The article is devoted to the issue of the evaluation category of Ukrainian legislation - “extremely unfavorable financial situation”, enshrined in the fourth part of Article 93 of the Family Code of Ukraine, as a basis for declaring a marriage contract invalid in court. The positions of domestic and foreign scholars on the criteria for classifying the position of one of the parties to a marriage contract to an extremely unfavorable financial position are considered. The attempts of legislators to enshrine in the Family Code of Ukraine specific features of extremely unfavorable financial situation under the marriage contract and provided a legal assessment.The practice of the Civil Court of Cassation of the Supreme Court in cases of recognizing a marriage contract as fully or partially invalid due to the extremely unfavorable financial situation of one of the spouses, in particular: 1) in connection with the transfer of all property to one of the spouses (acquired before marriage to another spouse, acquired in marriage, after divorce); 2) in connection with the personal contributions of one of the spouses to the property jointly owned by the spouses or the personal private property of the other spouse (recognition of the per-sonal property of one of the spouses as invested in the construction of a joint house; payment for an apartment by one of the spouses and his relatives, most of which belongs to the other spouse).Based on scientific doctrine, legislative initiatives and case law, it is generalized that there are three main criteria for recognizing an extremely disadvantageous financial situation: an imbalance in the division of marital property; encroachment on the income of one of the spouses to the other spouse; burdensome maintenance of relatives of one of the spouses to the other spouse.It is concluded that it is inexpedient to specify the grounds for recognizing the extraordinary disadvantage of one of the parties to the marriage contract at the level of law. Instead, it is proposed to improve the general provisions on the rights and obligations of spouses, listed in the Family Code of Ukraine, as those that are decisive for the court’s assessment of the position of the parties to the marriage contract.
Evidence and proof in cases on protection of business reputation on the internet: domestic and foreign experience
Authors: Shkabaro V.M. , Todoroshko T.A. , Bila A.V.
Published: October 2021

This article is devoted to evidence and proof in cases of protection of business reputation on the Internet. The legal nature of the concept of “business reputation” is studied. The domestic Ukrainian and foreign experience in considering cases of protection of business reputation on the Internet is studied. The article defines the general principles of protection of business reputation in the domestic legislation, establishes ways to protect business reputation on the Internet in accordance with national legislation and case law. The evidence necessary to confirm the task of damaging a person’s business reputation is characterized, attention is focused on the concept of elec-tronic evidence in civil proceedings in cases of violation of a person’s business reputation. Linguistic expertise is characterized as a way to prove the violation of a person’s business reputation, ways to determine the appropriate defendant in cases of protection of a person’s business reputation are established. Emphasis is placed on the statute of limitations used in cases of protection of business reputation of the person and the procedure for calculating the statute of limitations, emphasizing the inadmissibility of prosecution for making evaluative judgments, defining the legal nature and essence of evaluative judgments. The practice of the Supreme Court of Ukraine on cases of business reputation violations of individuals and legal entities is analyzed, foreign experience in business reputation protection is characterized, the difference between national and foreign experience in business reputation protection is established. Particular attention is paid to the liability of providers for breach of business reputation in accordance with European and US law. According to the analysis, conclusions are formulated on the directions and prospects for improving the current legislation of Ukraine in the field of protection of business reputation.Business reputation is a non-property right of a person guaranteed by the Constitution of Ukraine, which pro-vides for a public assessment of the business qualities of an individual, achievements in sociopolitical, public life, etc. For a legal entity, business reputation is a criterion of successful professional, economic or other activity. Protection of business reputation is a particularly important institution of civil law, because it is a mechanism for restoring the violated non-property rights of the individual. Nowadays, the issue of protection of business reputation is relevant due to violations on the Internet. Thus, the rapid development of information and telecommunications technologies has contributed not only to the emergence of new unlimited opportunities in the world wide web, but also to numerous violations of non-property rights of individuals, including business reputation.
Stages of implementation of administrative procedure in the field of environmental protection and natural resources
Authors: Manko G.V.
Published: October 2021

The scientific article is devoted to the disclosure of the implementation of the administrative procedure in the field of environmental protection and natural resources. The categories «stage», «administrative procedure» and «stages of administrative procedure», stages of administrative procedure in the field of environmental protection and natural resources are compared. A description of the stages of the administrative procedure in the field of environmental protection and natural resources.It is established that the implementation of the administrative procedure in the field of environmental protection and natural resources allowed possibly through the following stages: 1) application of the person and acceptance of the application for consideration by the authorized unit of the public administration body; 2) consideration of the case; 3) making a decision; 4) appeal against the decision (optional); 5) execution of the decision.The decision-making stage is often distinguished only conditionally, as it usually merges with the previous stage as its logical conclusion. But where it is separated in time from the stage of consideration of the case on the merits, it is even possible to re-examine the documents and other evidence considered at the previous stage and, in addition, the analysis of the newly presented evidence. The decision is made by the units of the State Service of Geology and Subsoil of Ukraine on the basis of law, objective data, internal conviction. At the stage of making (making) a decision, a legal assessment of the collected information is provided, the case materials are fully and comprehensively investigated in order to establish the objective truth, a specific decision is made.From the set of questions of inner conviction should be singled out the question of freedom and independent of external influences assessment of evidence confirming a right, duty of the citizen, then - the question of making a decision that does not raise doubts about the authenticity of documents and facts, nor in the aspect of their internal consistency. This means that in the case of comparing the documents and facts that underlie the confirmation of the right, duty of the citizen, a certain part of them (or even a separate document) will contradict the already ready or being prepared to form a belief; these doubts should be removed by further verification of documents and evidence or by the submission of new documents and evidence.
Administrative services in the field of social protection in the context of the subject of ad- ministrative disputes
Authors: Osipova O.O.
Published: October 2021

The article considers the theoretical and practical aspects of providing administrative services in the field of social protection, in particular pensions. Peculiarities and author’s definition of pension services are revealed, their types and place in the system of administrative services are determined. The legal nature of pension relations is studied, the emphasis is on their multilateral contractual nature, which is inherent in social insurance obligations. The classification of basic pension services and some other social services as administrative services is argued. The legal grounds for including the services of the Pension Fund of Ukraine in the list of administrative services provid-ed through the centers of administrative services are given. The reasons for overloading administrative courts with pension disputes are analyzed. Based on the analysis of court reports, a conclusion was made about the wrong policy of territorial pension bodies to ignore the judicial practice of resolving court disputes, which leads to mass violations of citizens’ pension rights, overloading courts with pension cases, non-compliance with their statutory deadlines. It is proposed to legislate the role of decisions in exemplary administrative cases considered by the Supreme Court of Ukraine, to partially change the subject jurisdiction for administrative courts to consider pension disputes, to establish the obligation of pension authorities to automatically assign, recalculate and pay pensions and other social benefits. , set out in court decisions on exemplary administrative cases, to strengthen and ensure the inevitability of liability of employees of the Pension Fund of Ukraine for violation of pension rights of citizens, for which to establish criminal liability for wrongful refusals to appoint, recalculate and pay pensions. Taking into account the peculiarities and paramount importance of pension services, the practice of providing them through administrative service centers is supported.
Responsibility of subjects of the appeal and a lawyer in the aspect of realization of the right to the lawyer’s request
Authors: Zaborovsky V.V. , Fridmanskyy R.M.
Published: October 2021

This scientific article is aimed at revealing topical issues related to ensuring the proper implementation of the professional right of a lawyer to a request, namely, the liability of a lawyer in case of abuse of his right to such a request, as well as the liability of subjects for failure to provide or improper response to a lawyer’s request.  Within the framework of this research, a theoretical and applied analysis of various approaches of scientists, as well as the positions of the legislator on the possibility of bringing the subjects of appeal to justice for violating the professional right of a lawyer on request. The procedure of bringing such entities to administrative responsibility is revealed in detail and attention is paid to the shortcomings of its implementation.Significant attention is paid to the disclosure of the legal nature of the institution of «abuse of the right of a lawyer on request», in particular, the liability of a lawyer in case of illegal disclosure of information obtained at the request of a lawyer (especially those containing restricted information).To achieve this goal, the authors used methods typical of legal science. The study was conducted using a dialec-tical method of cognition of legal reality, which provided an opportunity to analyze the essence of the responsibility of a lawyer in the aspect of exercising the right to request. The use of the system-structural method helped to deter-mine the general structure of the work, which in turn provided an opportunity to reveal the objectives of the study to determine the specifics of liability of both lawyers and the lawyer himself in case of abuse of the latter right.Based on the study, the authors conclude that the use of a lawyer’s fundamental professional right to request, contrary to its main purpose, should have the effect of bringing him to justice, including disciplinary in the form of deprivation of the right to practice law (if established systematic abuse of the right to request).
Systematic hierarchical nature of sources of international criminal law: methodological aspects
Authors: Popko V.V. , Popko E.V.
Published: October 2021

The article considers the sources of international criminal law and notes that the system of sources of this branch is based on the principles of building a system of sources of international law as a whole. Based on the provisions of Article 38 of the Charter of the International Court of Justice, in which the main sources of international law (international conventions, international custom, general principles of law) are enshrined, current trends in the theory of sources of law from a broad approach are taken into account. Emphasis is placed on such features of the sources of law as structure, hierarchy, consistency, interconnection. The imperative nature of the norms of international criminal law, which is inherent in universal sources (principles of law, treaties), is taken into account. Auxiliary sources of law (decisions of international organizations, court decisions, national legislation), which are of a recommendatory nature, are also considered.The author notes that the systematic hierarchical nature inherent in the sources of international criminal law is in the process of formation and results from the state of development of international law. The system of sources consists of general principles of law, principles of international law, principles of international criminal law, treaties (conventions), which are imperative, and ancillary sources that contribute to the formation and development of international criminal law (court precedent, decisions of international organizations, court decisions, national legislation) and are of a recommendatory nature. The main source of international criminal law is a treaty (convention), which has such distinctive features as the consistency of the positions of member states, the existence of a normative form, the imperative nature of the provisions contained therein. International treaties of criminal law content are imperative in terms of implementation mechanism, while the decisions of international organizations are mainly of a recommendatory nature. At the same time, the decisions of international organizations create a conceptual basis for international agreements, determine their common direction, goal-setting. These are primarily the decisions of such international organizations as the General Assembly and the UN Security Council. The task of codification of norms of international criminal law content is urgent.
Historical origins of the administrative justice of Poland, dating back to the times of Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth (before 1795)
Authors: Yurevitch Y.
Published: October 2021

The article is devoted to the historical origins of the administrative justice of Poland, dating back to the times of Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. As is known, the formation of administrative proceedings on Polish lands took place in the second half of the nineteenth century under the rule of Prussia and Austria-Hungary, but some judicial authorities considered cases of public law in the XVII century. At this stage of the formation of legal mechanisms for resolving public lawsuits, they did not constitute a holistic system, but represented a number of powers of various authorities and officials of Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth.The organization and activities of the Crown Treasury Tribunal, also known as the Radom Tribunal, are analyzed. This body was formed in 1613 in connection with the crisis in the financial functions of the then state. It was considered the highest court aimed at counteracting encroachments on the state treasury. Due to insufficient efficiency in the new social conditions in 1764 the Crown Treasury Tribunal was abolished, and its powers were transferred to the commissions of treasury.As a result of the work of the General Sejm in 1764, the functions of judicial control over public administration were given to the Crown Treasury Commission, the Grand Military Commission, the Military Department of the Continuing Council, the Military Commission of Both Nations, the National Education Commission, and others. The jurisdiction of these entities extended to cases in the field of treasury, taxes, troops, education, city administration, etc. As a consequence of the reforms of 1764, the competences of the Marshal’s and Assessor courts of Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth also changed, and they began to consider cases of an administrative-legal nature.In 1788, the Police Commission of Both Nations was established, to which the powers of the Commission of Marshals of both nations passed. This collegial authority consisted of so-called national marshals (Polish and Lithuanian) and 15 commissioners – three senators, six knights and six representatives of the cities. The Law on Free Royal Cities in Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth of 1791 declared the jurisdiction of the Police Commission over cities for internal government and urban revenues. The formation of Polish administrative justice at that time did not take place, which hindered the disintegration of the state.
The principle of humanism as a fundamental principle of building a modern rule of law
Authors: Hromovchuk M. , Byelov D.
Published: October 2021

It is determined that human and civil rights are the most important institution, which has been developed not only in constitutional law, but also in the theory of law and in other sectoral legislation. In the second half of the XX century, this institution came to the fore, both domestically and internationally. The Institute of Human and Civil Rights and Freedoms is one of the most significant results of the legal development of society, from ancient times to the present day, when human rights have become an essential attribute of a democratic state governed by the rule of law. The modern approach with the declared principles of democracy is somewhat outdated and the whole world needs to rethink the acquired and find new approaches to understanding equality, justice, protection, etc.The necessary stability of the concept of protection of human and civil rights and freedoms is achieved by relying on a system of principles tested by science and practice. The viability and progressiveness of this concept is formed through a combination of legal, moral, traditional, and other socio-regulatory norms. Taking into account such an approach will prevent legal negativity from becoming a dominant phenomenon of the legal system, restrain the onslaught of legal nihilism and indifference.It is indicated that the principles are a kind of indicators that demonstrate the degree of development of the law itself, starting points that show the vector of legal regulation. Of course, the principles of law should reflect and express the basic values on which the law is focused, to carry the basis of «ideal» law. The purpose of legal principles is to ensure the ideological unity of lawmaking, law enforcement and law and order in general. They permeate the entire legal system of society, focusing its development on universal, most valuable ideals: democracy, justice, equality, humanism, individual freedom, etc.Definitely, humanism, as a legal category, is a worldview that considers man as a higher, self-sufficient and self-aware value. Humanism expresses the attitude to man in at least two ways: Thus, humanism is a certain moral requirement for human behavior, ie a certain category of moral awareness of man of the highest social value in the state.
Physicochemical and Microbiological Standards of Honey Produced by Genus Melipona
Authors: Ramírez-Miranda Ina , Betancur-Ancona David , Moguel-Ordóñez Yolanda
Published: October 2021

For thousands of years, honey from stingless bees, mainly from Melipona beecheii, has been recognized as part of traditional Mayan medicine in the Mesoamerican region. Currently Melipona honey is the subject of research due to its nutritional, therapeutic and commercial value. Studies have been conducted to characterize Melipona honey produced on Mexico’s Yucatan Peninsula in, but the results have been limited. The low production and botanical-geographical origin of the honey increases the variability of the results and also the real number of Melipona beekeepers in the area is unknown so we are unable to conduct a statistically representative sampling and enough information to establish a generalization of the information. Therefore, we reviewed the published articles that describe the physicochemical and microbiological characteristics of the honey of some species of the genus Melipona. The information analyzed indicated that some of these characteristics are out of the specifications established by the standard that applies to Apis mellifera honey, without this meaning that it is of lesser quality and therefore. Because production and commercialization of this product is prospering, physicochemical and microbiological standards must be established to avoid adulteration and complications to public health, since this product is widely used for therapeutic purposes.
Changes in E-Education Brought By the Covid-19 Pandemic in Poland: Behaviour and Perceptions of Young E-Education Service Consumers and Service Providers
Authors: Dąbrowska Anna , Ciupak Joanna
Published: October 2021

This study — carried out in May 2020, early on during the COVID-19 pandemic - examines the situation in the Polish e-education market, as perceived by secondary school and university students who consume e-education services and by the providers of such services. Firstly, to set the stage, in-depth interviews were carried out with eight owners of companies offering commercial e-education services. Next, an extensive online survey was carried out among secondary school and university students in the 2019–2020 school/academic year using the CAWI method on a sample of 803 respondents — with secondary school students (group I) accounting for 30% of the sample and university students (group II) making up the remaining 70% — concerning their satisfaction or dissatisfaction with e-education services. Taken together, the findings allow for an assessment of the advantages and disadvantages of distance learning and point to the increased demand for e-education services during the pandemic, in tandem with a continually shifting e-education services market.
Comparing Money and Time Donation: What Do Experiments Tell Us?
Authors: He Tingting
Published: October 2021

Money donation and time donation, as charitable donations from individuals to organizations, are two forms of prosocial behavior that have been increasingly studied in recent years. Despite the vast amount of research about money and/or time donation, however, only limited work has been done on reviewing the research on these two forms of charitable donations as comparable or parallel entities. In this paper, we seek to help fill this gap by reviewing the existing research. We applied the backwards and forwards snowballing technique to arrive at a review sample of 39 experimental papers published in 2000–2020 that have compared money and time donation, or at least analyzed them as two parallel entities. We examine the issues that are predominantly considered in these experimental papers and summarize the general directions of their findings. We also point out certain gaps in the existing literature and posit some potentially fruitful directions for future experimental research regarding money and time donation.
Islamism, Political Islam, and the Need for Critique
Authors: Cliteur Paul
Published: October 2021

This article is about Islamism (or political Islam) as a challenge for contemporary liberal democracies. Islamism is portrayed as an ideology that favors one specific religion as supreme and that is a threat to freedom of speech. The author makes a plea for distinguishing a. the religion of Islam, b. Muslims as a group, and c. the political ideology of Islamism. Regarding the dangers of Islamism, some sociological research about the convictions of Muslims is discussed (Koopmans, Esposito) and the most recent case from the European Court of Human Rights in Strasbourg—E.S. v. Austria (2018: 38450/12)—is analysed, which renders all criticism of Islam and Islamism difficult, if not impossible.
Evaluation of CHSE-Based Homestay Business Management in Ubud Tourism Area
Authors: Putri Ida Ayu Karina , Wiranatha Agung Suryawan , Suryawardani I Gusti Ayu Oka
Published: October 2021

The Bali Provincial Government together with the Indonesian Ministry of Tourism and Creative Economy in the recovery of tourism in the new normal era, by implementing the certification of cleanliness, health, safety and environmental sustainability also known as CHSE in the management of tourism business including homestay business in Ubud Tourism Area. This research aims to evaluate homestay business management during Covid-19 pandemic and to evaluate tourism recovery efforts in Ubud Tourism Area. The research was conducted by observing 30 homestays in the Ubud Tourism Area. Data analysis technique was using qualitative and quantitative descriptive analysis. The results showed homestay business management in the Ubud Tourism Area has already a good implementation of CHSE management. Tourism recovery efforts in Ubud Tourism Area were ‘We Love Bali’ campaign, the establishment of a green zone and socialization for strengthening the destination organization management-governance destination that have been well implemented.
The study of fatty acids in Anchusa officinalis L. herb of the Ukrainian flora
Authors: Svirska S. P.
Published: October 2021

The presence of different groups of biologically active substances in the medicinal plant raw material determines its wide use in medical practice. The study of the chemical composition and possible pharmacological effects of medicinal plants are priorities in the process of their research.
Aim. To study the content and the composition of fatty acids in Anchusa officinalis L. herb of the Ukrainian flora using the gas chromatography/mass spectrometry method (GC/MS).
Materials and methods. The samples of Anchusa officinalis L. herb were harvested in June 2017 in the Ivano-Frankivsk region. The study was performed using the GC/MS method. To identify the components, the spectra obtained were considered on the basis of general laws of fragmentation for molecules of organic compounds under the action of the electron impact, as well as by comparing the results with data from NIST05 and WILEY 2007 mass spectrum libraries. The data analysis was performed using Statistic 7.0, Excel 7.0 statistical program package for Microsoft Office for Windows.
Results and discussion. This study presents the results the fatty acids investigation in Anchusa officinalis L. herb of the Ukrainian flora. For the first time, 8 fatty acids were identified. They were myristic acid (163.36 mg/kg), palmitic acid (2324.39 mg/kg), linoleic acid (1498.33 mg/kg), linolenic acid (2696.36 mg/kg), stearic acid (410.16 mg/kg), arachidic acid (240.43 mg/kg), behenic acid (409.23 mg/kg), lignoceric acid (498,38 mg/kg). The total mass of unsaturated fatty acids (linoleic and linolenic acid) was 4045.95 mg/kg, while the total mass of saturated fatty acids (myristic, palmitic, stearic, arachidic, behenic and lignoceric acid) was 4194.69 mg/kg. It indicates an insignificant predominance of unsaturated acids in the plant raw material. The total content of fatty acids in Anchusa officinalis L. herb was 8240.64 mg/kg (0.8 % by weight of the plant raw material).
Conclusions. The study of fatty acids in Anchusa officinalis L. herb of the Ukrainian flora has been conducted for the first time. In the raw material, the following 8 fatty acids have been identified: unsaturated fatty acids (linoleic and linolenic acid) and saturated fatty acids (myristic, palmitic, stearic, arachidic, behenic and lignoceric acid). The total content of fatty acids in Anchusa officinalis L. herb is 0.8 % by weight of a dry raw material. The dominant compound among fatty acids is linolenic acid (2696.36 mg/kg of a dry raw material). Taking into account the above the further search for the method of obtaining the fatty acid complex from Anchusa officinalis L. herb is promising in order to develop the effective and safe herbal medicines.
Determination of technological parameters of powder masses of the propolis phenolic hydrophobic drug, grape seeds, bitter chestnut seeds and their mixtures in solid dosage forms
Authors: Gurtovsky A. S. , Shpychak O. S. , Spyrydonov S. V.
Published: October 2021

An important task in the course of pharmaceutical development of solid dosage forms is to determine a set of technological methods and study the technological parameters of the powders under research for the purpose of further encapsulation or tabletting of substances with different physicochemical characteristics.
Aim. To study the main technological parameters of the standardized substance of the propolis phenolic hydrophobic drug (PPHD), grape seeds, bitter chestnut seeds and their mixtures for the purpose of their further introduction into the capsules with the anti-inflammatory and venotonic action developed.
Materials and methods. The pharmaco-technological studies of AFI powder masses (fluidity, angle of repose, bulk density, etc.) were performed in accordance with the requirements of the State Pharmacopoeia of Ukraine and scientific and practical sources of literature.
Results and discussion. The tests performed indicate that the substances studied and their mixtures do not have satisfactory pharmaco-technological properties, are characterized by a low value of fluidity and the ability to absorb moisture during storage.
Conclusions. The results of the research conducted confirm the need to add certain groups of excipients in the powder mass for their further encapsulation and the use of appropriate technological methods when developing oral dosage forms.
Variação linguística no Português falado no Amapá
Authors: Sanches Romário Duarte
Published: October 2021

Este artigo apresenta uma amostra dos aspectos da variação linguística no português falado no estado do Amapá. Como discussão teórica, foram utilizados os estudos de Meyerhoff (2006) e Calvet (2002) para situar os pressupostos da Sociolinguística, além Cardoso (2010) para situar os pressupostos Dialetologia. Em seguida, apresentam-se as pesquisas variacionistas realizadas sobre o português falado no Amapá, buscando contemplar os seguintes níveis de variação linguística: fonético-fonológico, semântico-lexical, morfossintático e prosódico. Deste modo, foram identificados 22 trabalhos que tratam da variação fonético-fonológica, 21 sobre variação semântico-lexical, 5 sobre variação morfossintático e apenas 2 sobre variação prosódico. A partir desses estudos é possível traçar um perfil linguístico preliminar do português falado no Amapá em diferentes pontos da região, como saber as denominações lexicais, por exemplos, para garoa, conjuntivite, nuca, cambalhota etc., usadas no português falado em áreas urbanas do Amapá. É possível também visualizar como se comportam os fonemas /S/ e /R/ em coda silábica, as vogais médias pretônicas posteriores e anteriores e a palatalização dos fonemas /t/ e /d/ diante de /i/ e /e/, além de poder identificar as influências linguísticas e extralinguísticas para concordância nominal de número na fala de oiapoquenses e observar a variação entoacional na fala de macapaenses.
Algoritmo genético con tecnología Blockchain para reducir la entropía de una cadena de suministro
Authors: Miranda del Solar Juan José
Published: October 2021

La presente investigación desarrolla un algoritmo genético combinado con tecnología Blockchain para gestionar transacciones en una cadena de suministro reduciendo la entropía de la misma. La investigación utiliza un algoritmo genético para gestionar transacciones encriptadas usando el algoritmo sha256, y distribuirlas usando Blockchain para el flujo de gestión de las cadenas de suministros con componentes incrementales midiendo la entropía de Shannon de la cadena en Python 3.5 mediante técnicas de simulación. La investigación muestra cómo el uso de la programación genética combinada con tecnología Blockchain permite reducir la entropía de la cadena de suministro reduciendo con ello los costos y tiempos de transacción e incrementando los niveles de seguridad y confiabilidad en el proceso transaccional de toda la cadena.
Modelos ocultos de Markov para el desarrollo de un sistema de ayuda al habla para personas que sufren de disartria
Authors: Guevara Vélez Clara Mercedes
Published: October 2021

El presente trabajo describe el diseño y desarrollo de un reconocedor automático de voz disártrica en español y una interfaz gráfica para su uso, el sistema en su totalidad será denominado Sistema de Ayuda al Habla (SAH). Esto para realizar funciones de apoyo en el nivel de comunicación de personas con el trastorno de disartria. Para la función de reconocimiento del sistema se utilizó la biblioteca HTK Toolkit,  siendo la técnica de modelado acústico los modelos ocultos de Markov. En las pruebas con un vocabulario de cinco palabras, se tuvo un aumento del nivel de comunicación de un 46,67 %, y una tasa de reconocimiento de voz de 65 %. Estos resultados fueron comparando la precisión del SAH con la precisión del reconocimiento humano.
Smart cities: potential and challenges
Authors: Zanella Andrea
Published: October 2021

This paper aims to discuss a few fundamental questions related to the smart city paradigm, such as “what is actually a smart city?”, “what can we expect from a smart city?”,and “which problems have to be addressed and solved in order to turn a standard (dumb) city into a smart one?” Starting from a discussion of the Smart City concept, we will illustrate some of the most popular smart services using the results of proof-of-concept experiments carried out in different cities around the world. Successively, we will describe the fundamental functions required to build a smart service and the corresponding enabling technologies. We will then describe the main research challenges that need to be addressed in order to fulfill the Smart City vision, and we will conclude with some final remarks and considerations about the possible evolution of the Smart City concept.
SARS-CoV-2 variants in severely symptomatic and deceased persons who had been vaccinated against COVID-19 in São Paulo, Brazil
Authors: Campos Karoline Rodrigues , Sacchi Cláudio Tavares , Abbud Adriano , Caterino-de-Araujo Adele
Published: October 2021

COVID-19 vaccination began in São Paulo, Brazil in January 2021, first targeting healthcare workers (HCWs) and the elderly, using the CoronaVac vaccine (Sinovac/Butantan) and subsequently the Oxford/AstraZeneca (ChAdOx1) vaccine (AstraZeneca/FIOCRUZ-RJ). Studies on such vaccines have shown efficacy in preventing severe cases and deaths, but there is a lack of information regarding their effectiveness. This manuscript presents data from the Instituto Adolfo Lutz (IAL), a public health laboratory located in São Paulo City that receives samples from 17 Regional Health Departments under the Secretary of Health of São Paulo, for SARS-CoV-2 genomic surveillance. Through May 15, 2021 IAL received 20 samples for analysis from COVID-19 vaccinated individuals who needed hospitalization and/or died from COVID-19. Next-generation sequencing was performed on an Ion Torrent S5 platform using the AmpliSeq™ SARS-CoV-2 kit. Almost all cases were vaccinated with CoronaVac and presented the gamma variant of concern (VOC). Cases of death were observed mostly in the elderly in nursing homes, and severe cases in younger frontline HCWs. This data confirmed that the SARS-CoV-2 gamma variant is highly transmissible, severe, and lethal for COVID-19 in these groups of individuals, thereby highlighting the importance of continuous vaccination and non-pharmacological prevention measures to avoid virus dissemination and the emergence of new VOCs.
Применение азотсодержащих углеродных нанотрубок для получения высокодисперсных PdO—CeO2 композитных катализаторов
Authors: Кибис Л.С. , Коробова А.Н. , Федорова Е.А. , Кардаш Т.Ю. , Задесенец А.В. , Коренев С.В. , Стонкус О.А. , Славинская Е.М. , Подъячева О.Ю. , Боронин А.И.
Published: October 2021

Каталитические композиции Pd—CeО2, нанесенные на поверхность углеродных наноматериалов (УНМ), могут выступать в качестве модельных систем для изучения природы активных центров каталитических реакций, а также рассматриваться в качестве перспективных катализаторов низкотемпературного окисления. В данной работе в качестве углеродного носителя использованы азотсодержащие углеродные нанотрубки (N-УНТ, N—CNT). Катализаторы Pd—CeО2/N-УНТ получены с помощью разных методов синтеза и изучены комплексом физико-химических методов. Активность катализаторов тестировалась с применением реакции окисления СО. Для поиска оптимальных методов нанесения высокодисперсных форм палладия и СеО2 на поверхность N-УНТ проводили варьирование природы растворителей и/или осадителей. Показано, что при использовании NH3 в качестве осадителя, полученные катализаторы более активны, чем в случае применения гуанидина. Нанесение предшественников Се и Pd из водных растворов приводило к образованию высокодисперсных частиц PdO, но не позволяло закреплять частицы оксида церия на поверхности N-УНТ. Использование ацетона в качестве растворителя способствовало получению наиболее активных катализаторов Pd—CeO2/N-УНТ, содержащих активные компоненты в высокодисперсном состоянии. Установлено, что совместное нанесение предшественников Се и Pd более эффективно, чем последовательное Се, а затем Pd. Полученные по такой методике катализаторы Pd—CeО2/N-УНТ характеризуются высокой активностью в реакции окисления СО при низкой температуре с температурой 50 % конверсии СО 80 °C. В результате проведенного исследования показано, что углеродные наноматериалы могут быть эффективно использованы для варьирования дисперсности и степени взаимодействия компонентов Pd/PdO и CeO2, определяющих каталитическую эффективность в реакции окисления СО.
Was gilt. Über den Zusammenhang zwischen dem, was ist, und dem, was sein soll
Authors: Vossenkuhl Wilhelm
Published: October 2021

Anknüpfend an sein letztes Buch »Die Möglichkeit des Guten«, in dem Vossenkuhl den Zusammenhang zwischen Geltung, Rechtfertigung und Anerkennung analysierte, rückt er nun die Frage nach der Geltung in den Mittelpunkt. Damalige Leitidee war das Gute als Maßstab für die Integration der Güter in einer Gesellschaft. Allerdings ist der Zusammenhang zwischen dem Guten und der Geltung sehr viel enger, als damals angenommen: Wir können beide nicht voneinander trennen, weil das, was gut ist, und das, was gilt, zusammen ein menschliches Grundbedürfnis bilden. Wir wollen uns auf das, was gilt, verlassen können, und dies sollte immer etwas Gutes sein. In drei großen Kapiteln begründet Vossenkuhl seine Grundthese über Geltung als Zusammenhang zwischen Sein und Sollen (1) und fragt nach den ontologischen Voraussetzungen dieser Annahme, vor allem in Auseinandersetzung mit Kant und Frege (2). Anschließend erprobt er diesen Ansatz anhand einer praktisch-philosophischen Frage, nämlich ob der Rechtspositivismus, wie er etwa von Hans Kelsen vertreten wird, geltungstheoretisch erfolgreich ist (3).
Employ Shrinkage Estimation Technique for the Reliability System in Stress-Strength Models: special case of Exponentiated Family Distribution
Authors: A.A. Eman , N .S. Abbas
Published: October 2021

A reliability system of the multi-component stress-strength model R(s,k) will be considered in the present paper ,when the stress and strength are independent and non-identically distribution have the Exponentiated Family Distribution(FED) with the unknown  shape parameter α and known scale parameter λ  equal to two and parameter θ equal to three. Different estimation methods of R(s,k) were introduced corresponding to Maximum likelihood and Shrinkage estimators. Comparisons among the suggested estimators were prepared depending on simulation established on mean squared error (MSE) criteria.
Count me in: The Question of Being and Trans-Entrepreneurs
Authors: NASEER RABIA , ULLAH KALEEM , QADIR GHAYYUR
Published: October 2021

Entrepreneurship has been imagined through the lens of the gender binary where gender influences entrepreneurial decisions and behaviours. Researching entrepreneurship is overlooked to understand trans-gender as entrepreneurs. Grounded in the Heideggerian lens accompanying lifeworld existential, the meaning of trans-entrepreneur was explored through hermeneutic- phenomenology. Fifteen transentrepreneurs were recruited through purposive and snowball sampling. Semi-structure interviews were used to get a rich description that reflects on the meaning they associated with their being as an entrepreneur. Results reflect their being as dual-authentic, revisionist and resilient. Revisionism is the unique insight that this study added as a new aspect of entrepreneurial being. The study has a theoretical implication that counts trans individuals as entrepreneurs and views their potential beyond gender biases. Keywords: Entrepreneur, Gender, Transgender, Heidegger, Hermeneutic-phenomenology, Entrepreneurship.
The Solar-Heat Pump Combined Drying Characteristics and Dynamic Model of Kelp Knots
Authors: Li Yang , Hu Zicheng , Hu Yongguang , Ge Fenghua , Cai Hongzhi
Published: October 2021

For controlling the entire drying process of a material, it is crucial to understand the moisture ratio of the material in the drying process. In order to ascertain the moisture change rules of kelp knots in the solar-heat pump combined drying process, an analysis was made on the impacts of different drying temperatures, wind speeds and loading capacities on the drying rate in this research; meanwhile, three common drying dynamic models were selected and compared to know their applicability to the solar-heat pump combined drying of kelp knots. Further, the model coefficient was determined and the optimal model was obtained. The results reveal as follows: drying temperature, wind speed and loading capacity have significant impact on and significant correlation (P<0.05) with the drying rate of kelp knots; under different drying conditions, the drying rate is always high in the early stage, lowered and gradually moderate in the later stage. After fitting the drying dynamic model, it is found that among the experimental data, regression coefficient (R2) is the largest in the Verma model, and the sum of squares for error (SSE) and root mean square error (RMSE) are low. This indicates that the Verma model can be used to accurately express and predict the change rules of moisture in kelp knots during the solar-heat pump combined drying. According to Fick's second diffusion law, the effective diffusion coefficient Deff increases with the increase in drying temperature and wind speed, and decreases with the increase in loading capacity.
Anti-obesity and hypolipidemic effects of Morus alba- A review
Authors: Hanaa S Kadhum  , Mahdi M Thuwaini
Published: October 2021

The prevalence of obesity was worldwide increase in the last 60 years. Obesity represented one of the public health problems, it markedly increased the incidence of many diseases: fatty liver, type 2 diabetes, hypertension, ischemic heart diseases, sleep apnea, osteoporosis, dementia, tumors and many other disorders. Recent reviews showed that many medicinal plants possesses anti-obesity effect. In the current review, PubMed, Web Science, Science Direct, Research gate, Academia.edu and Scopus were searched to verify the hypolipidemic and anti-obesity activities of Morus alba.
Xicanisma: la poética de “concientización” feminista y fronteriza de Ana Castillo
Authors: Peláez Rodríguez Diana Carolina
Published: October 2021

El artículo tiene por objetivo aproximarse a la vida y la obra de la escritora chicana Ana Castillo. La autora, a partir de los poemas, las novelas, los ensayos y las entrevistas de Castillo, se sumerge en la fuerza de su pensamiento feminista y fronterizo y comparte comprensiones sobre su influencia en la comunidad chicana y latina. Al final del artículo, la autora hace referencia a cómo el activismo creativo de Castillo nos provee de una imaginación xicanista y colectiva que construye posibilidades de mundo para un sistema social más justo con las comunidades racializadas en contextos históricamente racistas, clasistas y sexistas.