bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimization of a Hybrid EDFA-Raman C+L Band Amplifier through Neural-Network Models
Authors: Da Ros F. , de Moura U.C. , Luis R.S. , Rademacher G. , Puttnam B. J. , Rosa Brusin A. M. , Carena A. , Awaji Y. , Furukawa H. , Zibar D.
Published: October 2021

Experimentally-trained neural network models are used to optimize the 12 Raman pumps of a C+L band hybrid EDFA-Raman amplifier, targeting gains with improved flatness. Gain ripples are decreased from 6.7 to 1.9 dB.
20 Gb/s WDM Optical RAM Row Architecture based on four Monolithic Integrated InP Memory Cells
Authors: Alexoudi Theoni , Fotiadis Konstantinos , Mourgias-Alexandris George , Pleros Nikos , Vagionas Christos
Published: October 2021

A complete 4-bit WDM-enabled all-optical RAM Row architecture with 20 Gb/s memory-bus throughput is experimentally presented for the first time, using four 5Gb/s monolithic InP Flip-Flops and a multi-wavelength Random Access and Column Selector peripheral circuit.
Hybrid Digital-Analog Radio-over-Fiber (DA-RoF) Modulation and Demodulation Achieving a SNR Gain over Analog RoF of >10 dB at Halved Spectral Efficiency
Authors: Liu Xiang
Published: October 2021

We propose and experimentally demonstrate a hybrid digital-analog radio-over-fiber technique based on cascaded digital PCS-121-QAM modulation and analog pulse code modulation for each radio waveform sample, achieving 12.8 dB SNR gain over A-RoF and 1.38% EVM.
Auto-Aligned OWC Receiver for Indoor Mobile Users using Gradient Descent Algorithm
Authors: Pham N.Q. , Mekonnen K.A. , Tangdiongga E. , Mefleh A. , Koonen A.M.J.
Published: October 2021

We developed a new auto-aligned optical wireless receiver for indoor mobile users using a dual-axis actuator, a motion sensor, and a feedback control. Experiments demonstrate seamless transmission at normal walking speeds with <400ms alignment time.
Fully-Loaded Operation of 0.29-pJ/bit Wall-plug Efficiency, 81.9-Tb/s Throughput 32 × 32 Silicon Photonics Switch
Authors: Matsumoto Ryosuke , Konoike Ryotaro , Suzuki Keijiro , Matsuura Hiroyuki , Ikeda Kazuhiro , Inoue Takashi , Namiki Shu
Published: October 2021

We demonstrate 16-ch. 32-Gbaud QPSK/probabilistically-shaped-64QAM WDM transmission by three/nine propagations cyclic through a fully-loaded 3232 silicon photonics switch. Its nine-stage Clos network will have a throughput of 125 Pb/s (131,072 ports 0.952 Tb/s).
Inchworm-inspired Soft Robotic Climber with Embedded Fiber Optic Sensors
Authors: Yang Mei , Cooper Liam Paul , Vo Sammanth Elena , Fok Mable P.
Published: October 2021

An inchworm-inspired soft robotic climber with three embedded fiber Bragg grating sensors in the body is proposed and demonstrated. The grating sensors monitor the unique locomotion status of the climber for precise feedback and control.
Fiber optic sensor network for a monitoring and diagnosis system of the underground 22.9K XLPE cable
Authors: Park Si-Woong , Yeo Chan Il , Kim Hyun Jin , Kang Hyun Seo , Seo In-Jin , Park Hyoung-Jun
Published: October 2021

For monitoring of the underground power cables, we proposed an optical sensor network. When the surface temperature of the power cable has increased from about 40 °C we confirmed partial discharge amplitude was significantly reduced.
2D Grating Coupler Induced Polarization Crosstalk in Coherent Transceivers for Next Generation Data Center Interconnects
Authors: Georgieva Galina , Seiler Pascal M. , Mai Christian , Petermann Klaus , Zimmermann Lars
Published: October 2021

We investigate fundamental properties of polarization-splitting/combining 2D grating couplers for silicon photonic coherent transceivers. Linear cross-polarization related polarization crosstalk causes signal non-orthogonality. The relevance of these effects is illustrated in a 16-QAM experiment.
Meta-objective with sub-micrometer resolution for microendoscopes
Authors: Liu Yan , Yu Qing-Yun , Chen Ze-Ming , Qiu Hao-Yang , Chen Rui , Jiang Shao-Ji , He Xin-Tao , Zhao Fu-Li , Dong Jian-Wen
Published: October 2021

We propose a meta-objective based on cascaded metalens. It can achieve sub- micrometer resolution in wide field of view. Combined with fiber bundle microscope system, the single cell contour of biological tissue can be clearly observed.
Delay-aware and Resource-efficient VNF-Service Chain Deployment in Inter-Datacenter Elastic Optical Networks
Authors: Gu Jiahua , Zhu Min , Shen Tianyu , Shi Chenglin , Ren Xueqi
Published: October 2021

We propose an integer linear programming (ILP) model and a heuristic algorithm for resource-efficient virtual network function (VNF) deployment in inter-datacenter elastic optical networks that minimize both the required resources and the end-to-end delay.
32dB of Optical Budget with DSP-free real time experimentation up to 50Gbit/s NRZ using O-band DFB-EAM and SOA-PIN for Higher Speed PONs
Authors: Saliou Fabienne , Gay Mathilde , Bramerie Laurent , Potet Jeremy , Elwan Hamza Hallak , Simon Gael , Chanclou Philippe , Lelarge Francois , Debrégeas Hélène
Published: October 2021

We achieve 32.3dB of optical budget and 45km reach transmission in real time with an O-band EAM-DFB and SOA-PIN for 50Gbit/s NRZ standards. A DSP-free transmission was demonstrated with a semi-cooled transmitter.
Orthogonal Chirp-Division Multiplexing for Performance Enhanced Optical/Millimeter-Wave 5G/6G Communications
Authors: Browning Colm , Ouyang Xing , Dass Devika , Talli Giuseppe , Townsend Paul
Published: October 2021

Orthogonal chirp-division multiplexing is deployed as a novel waveform in an optical/millimeter-wave system. Enhanced channel estimation gives a 5-dB receiver sensitivity improvement over a conventional OFDM implementation, and compatibility with 256-QAM at 60-GHz is experimentally demonstrated.
High-Precision Edge-Cloud Collaboration with Federated Learning in Edge Optical Network
Authors: Li Chao , Yang Hui , Yao Quiyan , Sun Zhengjie , Zhang Jie
Published: October 2021

This paper proposes a high-precision edge-cloud collaborative federated learning (ECFL) scheme based on data matching in Metro Optical Network. ECFL improves the training accuracy of machine learning and reduces the network-blocking rate.
Enabling Transmission-Aware Adaptive Optical Time Slice Switching in Time-Varying Optical Time Sliced Networks
Authors: Zhao Chen , Hua Nan , Zhu Kangqi , Li Jipu , Yang Bofan , Zheng Xiaoping
Published: October 2021

An adaptive all-optical time slice switching method based on optical signal envelope perception is studied. Results show high resource utilization can be achieved with fine switching granularity in extreme satellite optical network scenarios.
Joint Multi-Eigenvalue Demodulation Using Complex Moment-based Eigenvalue Solver and Artificial Neural Network
Authors: Terashi Yuhei , Hisano Daisuke , Mishina Ken , Yoshida Yuki , Maruta Akihiro
Published: October 2021

We demonstrate a joint demodulation scheme using a parallel eigenvalue solver and ANN. The proposed scheme is demonstrated experimentally by 2000-km fiber transmission with < 2-dB OSNR penalty compared with conventional QZ method.
Principal axes twist of antiresonant hollow-core fiber
Authors: Yelistratova Elizaveta A. , Leonov Stanislav O. , Demidov Vladimir V. , Karasik Valeriy E.
Published: October 2021

We present measurements of antiresonant hollow-core fiber principal axes twist and orientation under different bend conditions in the spectral region of 2.26 – 2.36 µm.
Advanced Beam Shaping for Enhanced Underwater Wireless Optical Communication
Authors: Nie Jiewen , Tian Lei , Yue Song , Zhang Zichen , Yang Haining
Published: October 2021

A diffraction-based optical launching unit was demonstrated to improve the propagating efficiency of the laser beam in the lossy and scattering medium, leading to significant enhancement on the underwater transmission quality over 15m at 100Mbps.
Demonstration of 2-Gbit/s Free-Space Optical Communications Through Dynamic Aerosol and Dynamic Water Interface using Orbital-Angular-Momentum Multiplexing
Authors: Song Haoqian , Zhang Runzhou , Hu Nanzhe , Zhou Huibin , Su Xinzhou , Zou Kaiheng , Pang Kai , Song Hao , Liu Cong , Lynn Brittany , Park Daeyoung , Tur Moshe , Willner Alan E.
Published: October 2021

We experimentally demonstrate 2-Gbit/s OAM-multiplexed free-space optical communications through dynamic aerosol and dynamic water interface. We observe a ~2-dB power penalty at the 7% FEC limit for both OAM -1 and +2 channels.
Linewidth limit of a single longitude-mode fiber laser with different cavity length
Authors: Shang Jianming , Li Siqiao , Wang ZhengKang , Qiao Yaojun , Yu Song
Published: October 2021

Limit of a single-longitudinal-mode erbium-doped fiber laser is experimentally demonstrated. With the increase of cavity length, we obtain an SLM EDFL with an ultra-high OSNR of 76 dB and an ultra-narrow linewidth of 365 Hz.
Mode Division Multiplexing on Standard 50/125 µm Multi Mode Fiber using Photonic Lanterns
Authors: Grüner-Nielsen Lars , Mathew Neethu Mariam , Nymann Magnus Hornhaver , Lillieholm Mads , Galili Michael , Rottwitt Karsten
Published: October 2021

For the first time, direct detection MIMO free mode division multiplexing over standard multi mode fibers, is demonstrated using photonic lantern mode multiplexers. Stable transmission performance is demonstrated over 1.6 km independent of input polarization.
DAC-less and DSP-free 20 Gb/s PAM-4 transmission based on a dual modulation scheme using DML and external modulation
Authors: Bramerie Laurent , Lobo Sébastien , Gay Mathilde
Published: October 2021

The generation of DAC-less 20 Gb/s PAM-4 using a DML and an external modulator is demonstrated. This dual modulation scheme has been transmitted up to 75-km SSMF with similar performance to PAM-4 DAC transmitter.
C-band 4×200 Gbit/s transmission over 40 km of SSMF with an RF delay-assisted WDM-SSB transmitter
Authors: Alam Md Samiul , Li Xueyang , Xing Zhenping , Mousa-Pasandi Mohammad E. , O’Sullivan Maurice , Plant David V.
Published: October 2021

We present an RF-delay assisted cost-effective WDM-SSB transmitter using a single DAC per wavelength, and experimentally demonstrate the transmission of net 4×200 Gbit/s DWDM SSB PS-PAM-8 signals over 40 km of SSMF in the C-band.
An OFDM-MIMO Distributed Acoustic Sensing over Deployed Telecom Fibers
Authors: Dorize Christian , Guerrier Sterenn , Awwad Elie , Nwakamma Peter A. , Mardoyan Haik , Renaudier Jérémie
Published: October 2021

We demonstrate the performance of a novel multi-carrier MIMO fiber sensing interrogator based on OFDM approach. Over an installed telecom fiber cable, coherent fading is mitigated by means of a purely digital subcarrier combiner.
360-Channel WDM-MDM Transmission over 25-km Ring-Core Fiber with Low-Complexity Modular 4×4 MIMO Equalization
Authors: Lin Zhenrui , Liu Junyi , Lin Jianpei , Shen Lei , Zhang Jingxing , Zhang Junwei , Mo Shuqi , Li Peng , Deng Lan , Liu Jie , Yu Siyuan
Published: October 2021

Transmission of 12 OAM modes each carrying 30 wavelengths with 11.52-Tbit/s capacity over 25-km specially designed ring-core fiber has been successfully demonstrated, using 4×4 modular MIMO equalization with tap number no more than 25.
Fiber-to-Fiber FSO System with Advanced VCM Controlled Laser Beam Pointing and Tracking
Authors: Bekkali Abdelmoula , Fujita Hideo , Hattori Michikazu
Published: October 2021

We evaluate the performance of our fiber-to-fiber FSO transceiver with intelligent VCM-lens-controlled laser beam pointing and tracking. We demonstrate error-free-transmission of 10xLTE-CPRI channels at 6-Gbit/s and 10GbE standards over reflected-and loop-back 2x100m FSO link.
In-process Evaluation of Thermal Interface Materials for Mounting Slab Laser Crystals
Authors: Sanwell Jake , Turner Hannah , Morris Daniel , Daniel Esser M. J.
Published: October 2021

Comparative in-situ measurements of stress-induced birefringence and thermal resistances of contemporary solid thermal interface materials used for mounting slab laser crystals and optics are presented.
Null Phase Screens Method to Test Fast Cemented Doublet Lenses
Authors: Velázquez-Gómeza I. , Avendaño-Alejoa M. , López-Bautistaa M. C.
Published: October 2021

A method for designing null phase screens to quantitatively test achromatic doublet is presented. Null screens should compensate the optical phase from the wavefront refracted through an achromatic doublet and reflected by a parabolic mirror.
Molding error and its compensation in multi-order diffractive lens segmented telescope assembly
Authors: Kim Youngsik , Zhang Yingying , Milster Tom
Published: October 2021

Multi-order diffractive engineered lens can be constructed with segmented lenses to provide a ultralightweight telescope. The methods to compensate segmented lens errors through its glass molding process to achieve diffraction-limited performance are discussed.
Vector Polynomials for Gradient Metrology Data Processing
Authors: Aftab Maham , Kim Dae Wook
Published: October 2021

We discuss the advantages of vector polynomials for wavefront / surface reconstruction from gradient data. The Chebyshev-based
G
polynomials allow accurate and efficient reconstruction of mid-to-high spatial frequencies particularly where traditional integrations approaches could be problematic.
Faster & More Accurate Measurement of Surface Radius
Authors: Smythe Robert
Published: October 2021

Spectrally Controlled Interferometry measures surface form and radius in one measurement, with 2X improved accuracy, 4X faster measurements, without the need for precision mechanics. Industry survey data is presented regarding desired accuracy
Broadband Variable Transmission Sphere for Fizeau Interferometry of Spherical Surfaces
Authors: Koerber Jonathan , Suleski Thomas J.
Published: October 2021

We present a broadband variable transmission sphere for Fizeau interferometry based on Alvarez lenses. The simulated system performance is compared to conventional transmission spheres for measurement of spherical surfaces.
Figure Correction of Glass Mirrors Using Ultrafast Lasers to Generate Controllable Stress
Authors: Chalifoux Brandon D. , Arnold Ian J. , Laverty Kevin A.
Published: October 2021

We use an ultrafast laser to correct figure errors in float glass mirrors by generating stress within the substrates, causing bending. We show 5-15× height reduction in one cycle, and high equivalent material removal rate.
Robust one-way modes in photonic crystals without an external magnetic field
Authors: Tian Ye , Shen Qian , You Yun , Shen Linfang
Published: October 2021

Photonic crystal (PhC) consisting of a square lattice of ferrite rods with remanence in the air is theoretically investigated. It is shown that such a PhC can possess a large band gap with a nontrivial topological property. By interfacing the PhC with different cladding materials, which have (bulk-mode) band gaps with different topological properties, different types of one-way modes that are immune to backscattering are achieved in the absence of an external magnetic field. It is numerically demonstrated that by using such one-way modes, waves can be flexibly and effectively manipulated in PhC systems without almost any power loss.
La lucha contra la segregación racial y por los derechos civiles en Estados Unidos
Authors: García Martín Juan Andrés
Published: October 2021

La segregación racial instaurada en Estados Unidos a finales del siglo xix fue objeto de crítica y rechazo por determinados sectores de la sociedad norteamericana. Estos formaron diversas organizaciones que canalizaron este descontento e intentaron vertebrar una respuesta que pusiera fin a la situación de desigualdad. La nueva coyuntura nacional e internacional alcanzada durante las décadas de 1950 y 1960, acentuó la pugna por los derechos civiles a través de nuevas formas de resistencia y crítica al régimen segregacionista.Esta nueva situación generó una abundante producción musical que, en forma de canción protesta y canciones por la libertad, sirvió de vehículo de expresión al movimiento por los derechos civiles de la comunidad afroamericana, expresando sus aspiraciones y frustraciones.El objetivo del presente texto es recopilar y examinar el retrato que estas composiciones cultivaron de la segregación y de la lucha por los derechos civiles a través de los acontecimientos que jalonaron esta reivindicación. Para ello, este artículo tendrá en cuenta las acciones de protesta destinadas a conseguir una nueva legislación que pusiera fin a la segregación racial y las reacciones violentas que ello suscitó en los estados sureños. Finalmente, todo ello se realizará a través de un análisis de los contenidos líricos que nos permitirá determinar el posicionamiento de los cantautores investigados y determinar su aproximación a la realidad.
Parasitological and molecular characterization of the avian schistosomatid cercariae infecting lymnaeidae snails in Phayao, Northern Thailand
Authors: Japa Ornampai , Suwancharoen Chittakun , Bunsong Thanakon , Phuangsri Chorpaka
Published: October 2021

Background and Aim: Cercarial dermatitis or swimmer's itch is an allergic skin reaction caused by penetrating cercaria of animal blood flukes. It is considered as a zoonotic water-borne skin condition that is found globally. Among the schistosomatid trematodes, avian schistosomes are the most responsible for cercarial dermatitis. Very little is known regarding the occurrence of dermatitis-causing cercariae in Thailand. Therefore, the objective of this study was to preliminarily investigate the presence of larval blood fluke infection among local lymnaeidae snails in Phayao by the incorporation of morphological and molecular methods.

Materials and Methods: Overall 500 Radix (Lymnaea) rubiginosa (Michelin, 1831) were collected from freshwater reservoirs near Phayao Lake in San Kwan village in Phayao, Thailand, from October to December 2020. The snails were examined for avian blood fluke infection by the cercarial shedding technique followed by morphological and molecular characterization.

Results: Only one type of furcocercous cercaria was observed to emerge from six infected snails (1.2%). Our molecular analyses demonstrated that the emerging cercariae showed most similarity to either the 28S ribosomal RNA gene (28S rDNA) or cytochrome oxidase C subunit 1 gene (cox1 or COI) sequences to those of Trichobilharzia species. In addition, phylogenetic tree analyses of both loci revealed similar results; the emerging cercariae were consistently clustered together with Trichobilharzia regenti.

Conclusion: Our results clearly confirmed that the detected furcocercous cercariae belonged to the genus Trichobilharzia and displayed the highest homology to T. regenti. This study provides important data on the occurrence of dermatitis causing cercariae infection among local lymnaeidae snails, encouraging effective management, and control measures for this zoonotic infectious disease.
GC-MS Analysis, Phytochemical Screening and Biological Activity of Bauhinia tomentosa (Linn.)
Authors: Mini R. , Prabhu V. , Vimaladevi K. , Sowmiya J. , Sibi G.
Published: October 2021

Present study aimed to evaluate the chemical composition and biological activity for methanolic extract
of Bauhinia tomentosa (Linn.) leaves grown in Western Ghats region of South India. The preliminary
phytochemical screening tests revealed the presence of steroids, alkaloids, terpenoids, flavonoids,
glycosides and phenolic compounds in the leaf extract. A total of 19 compounds were identified
through gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) analysis of methanolic extract of B.
tomentosa. The major compounds identified were phytol (23.96%), n-hexadecanoic acid (11.62%),
squalene (8.85%) and the minor compounds are trans-bis(2-methylpropyl)-4,6-dioxane(0.13%),
dihydro-cis-α-copaene-8-ol (0.14%), tetradecanoic acid (0.81%), respectively. Antibacterial activity
of the extract showed the zone of inhibition 18 mm at 200 μg/mL against S. aureus, followed by 15 and
16 mm against S. anginosus, K. pneumoniae at 200 μg/mL, respectively. Antioxidant activity of
methanolic extract of B. tomentosa leaves showed the maximum IC50 value with 75.07 % of scavenging
activity at the concentration of 5 μg/mL.
Recent Advances in Tetrazole Derivatives as Potential Antiviral Agents
Authors: Yogesh Ruchika , Srivastava Noopur
Published: October 2021

Viruses use the host cell’s biochemical machinery for replication and survival; and also undergo
mutations to evade the immune response and achieve better transmission. These features make it
challenging to develop selective drugs to kill viruses only and not the host cells. New and effective
pharmaceutical agents are required to overcome this challenge. Tetrazole moiety, as a bio-isostere of
carboxylic acid/amide group, has been extensively used as a potent pharmacophore in several
bioactivities. Intrigued by the necessity of finding new antiviral compounds and tendency of tetrazole
scaffolds to render various bioactivity profiles, this review article comprising literature reports of
tetrazole-based synthetic compounds with promising antiviral activity is presented. This review
comprises significant literature reports from the scientific databases published during the past four
decades. It is found that tetrazole based molecules are promising endeavor for the development of
potential agents against influenza virus, HIV, HCV and other viruses.
Multiple-Rod Constructs Do Not Reduce Pseudarthrosis and Rod Fracture After Pedicle Subtraction Osteotomy for Adult Spinal Deformity Correction but Improve Quality of Life
Authors: Bourghli Anouar , Boissière Louis , Kieser David , Larrieu Daniel , Pizones Javier , Alanay Ahmet , Pellisé Ferran , Kleinstück Franck , Obeid Ibrahim ,   on behalf of the European Spine Study Group
Published: October 2021

Objective: To compare the radiological and functional outcomes and complications of adult spinal deformity patients who underwent a pedicle subtraction osteotomy (PSO) below L2 but categorized according to their construct where either 2-rod or multiple-rod construct is applied.Methods: Sixty-seven patients met the inclusion criteria, and were categorized into 3 groups: 2 rods (2R), multiple rods around the PSO (MRP), multiple rods around the PSO and lumbosacral junction (MRL). Demographic data, operative parameters, spinopelvic parameters, functional outcomes, and complications were collected.Results: Health-related quality of life scores showed a better outcome at 6 months and last follow-up visits in the MRP and MRL groups which were noted on different domains of Scoliosis Research Society-22 questionnaire, 36-item Short Form Health Surve, and Oswestry Disability Index scores (p < 0.05). The 3 groups showed similar rates of rod-related complications with no significant difference (p = 0.95). And inside each group, distribution of complications between pseudarthrosis with revision and rod fracture without revision was also similar (p = 0.99).Conclusion: The use of multiple rods across the PSO did not show a better outcome when compared to single rods in terms of incidence and types of mechanical complications. However, better postoperative coronal alignment and health-related quality of life scores in the multiple rods group could be seen demonstrating an improved functional outcome.
Interventions to Educate Elementary Students on COVID-19
Authors: Shah Krishna
Published: October 2021

Students at MCG saw the potential to combine the community’s need for STEM-based programs in elementary schools with the growing need to distribute accurate information amidst the COVID-19 pandemic. In August 2020, MCG students initiated a year-long STEM project in partnership with a public elementary school. Through this program, pre-clinical medical students had the opportunity to teach relevant science related topics to fifth grade students. Particularly pertinent were subjects including COVID-19 basics, healthy lifestyle choices, chronic diseases, the human body, and infectious organisms.Answers were validated by evidence-based resources such as CDC, research journals, and NIH.

The numerous benefits elementary school students received by participating in this program included early exposure to professionals in STEM, increased ability to formulate scientific questions, a safe and secure platform to be able to ask questions without feeling judged, and tools to form a positive association with healthcare professionals.A big component of a practicing family physician is teaching, and through this program, medical students were expected to grow their communication and leadership skills to become more effective teachers. With the added layer of the pandemic, it is vital that as future physicians we distribute information about the virus and safety precautions directly to our future generation of leaders, and allow for open and clear communication, explaining the science and presenting evidence based research on why certain precautions are mandatory.
Analysis of mental health in cyberbullying victims and perpetrators in Spanish and Colombian adolescents
Authors:   Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education and Psychology, University of Extremadura, Spain, Fajardo-Bullón Fernando , Rasskin-Gutman Irina ,   Department of Psychology, Teacher Training College, University of Extremadura, Spain, Redondo Pacheco Jesús ,   Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Bucaramanga, Colombia, León-del Barco Benito ,   Department of Psychology, Teacher Training College, University of Extremadura, Spain, Burguillo Beatriz ,   Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education and Psychology, University of Extremadura, Spain, Felipe-Castaño Elena ,   Department of Psychology, Teacher Training College, University of Extremadura, Spain
Published: October 2021

Introduction: Due to the advance of information and communication technologies, children may be exposed to the phenomenon known as cyberbullying. The abundant literature and existing research confirm the interest that the consequences of cyberbullying can provoke in the mental health of adolescents. The aims of this work were: (1) To compare the figures of the difficulties in mental health and cyberbullying in adolescents from Spain and Colombia, (2) To analyse the relationship between mental health and being a high degree cyber-perpetrator or cyber-victim owing to mobile phones and Internet, in both countries. Method: A cross-sectional study was employed, in which 1,080 students from Colombia (11 to 17 years old) and 430 students from Spain (12 to 17 years old) participated through the SDQ, CYBVYC and CYBAGRESS questionnaires. T student, correlations, and the Kruskal Wallis test were used. Results: Difficulties in Emotional symptoms, Conduct problems, Hyperactivity, Peer problems, and the Total difficulties scores were higher in Colombia than in Spain. Colombian adolescents scored higher in cyber-victimization (CYBVYC-Internet) and cyber-perpetration (CYBAGRESS) than Spanish adolescents. However, cyber-victimisation (CYBVYC-Mobile) by way of mobile phone was higher in Spain. Moreover, those who had serious victim and serious perpetrator profiles (scores equal to or higher than the 95th percentile in the CYBAGRESS and CYBVYC scales) presented higher difficulties in Emotional symptoms, Conduct problems, Hyperactivity, and Peer problems than those who were not classified as pertaining to those profiles, in both countries. A positive and direct correlation between difficulties in mental health, cyber-victimisation, and cyber-perpetration exist, regardless of Internet or mobile phone use. Conclusions:Results show how cyberbullying has similar effects on the mental health of Spanish and Colombian teenagers. Finally, there exists a relationship between being a cyberbullying victim or perpetrator and obtaining a higher total score in mental health difficulties among adolescents in both countries.
Use of botulinum toxin type A in rheumatic diseases
Authors: Egorova O. N. , Belov B. S. , Sazhina E. G.
Published: October 2021

The article presents an analysis of modern data on the antinociceptive effectiveness of botulinum toxin type A (BTA) in rheumatic diseases (RD). The prospects for the use of BTA in the treatment of pain in different RDs are discussed. We searched for publications in the Medline, Pubmed, Cochrane Library databases. Analysis of literature data has shown that BTA can become an additional method of pain management in many RDs.
Pharmacoinformation studies of chondroprotectors
Authors: Lila A. M. , Torshin I. Yu. , Gromov A. N. , Semenov V. A. , Gromova O. A.
Published: October 2021

The pharmacoinformation approach to the assessment and modeling of drugs involves the use of modern methods of data mining. These methods include: 1) analysis of big data (selection of texts of scientific publications, search for new biomarkers); 2) computer analysis of texts (automatic classification of texts by content, identification of pseudoscientific texts); 3) analysis of metric maps (visualization and analysis of complex patterns, including clustering) and 4) chemoinformation analysis, including the assessment of the effect of drugs on the transcriptome, proteome and microbiome of a person. The article provides examples of the application of these methods of pharmacoinformatics to chondroprotectors containing standardized forms of chondroitin sulfate and glucosamine sulfate.
Extra criterial antiphospholipid antibodies in patients with antiphospholipid syndrome and systemic lupus erythematosus (preliminary data)
Authors: Cheldieva F. A. , Reshetnyak T. M. , Cherkasova M. V. , Lila A. M.
Published: October 2021

The role of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL), which are not included in the classification criteria, in antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) andsystemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is not well understood.Objective: to determine the frequency of detection of IgG antibodies to domain 1 of β2-glycoprotein 1 (IgG-aβ2GP1-D1), IgA antibodiesto cardiolipin (aCL) and IgA antibodies to β2-glycoprotein 1 (IgA-a β2GP1) in patients with primary APS and APS in combination withSLE.Patients and methods. The study included 63 patients in whom IgG/IgM-aCL and IgG/IgM-aβ2GP1 were detected by enzyme-linkedimmunosorbent assay (ELISA) and IgG/IgM/IgA-aCL, IgG/IgM/IgA-aβ2GP1 and IgG-aβ2GP1-D1 by chemiluminescence analysis (CLA).Results and discussion. The detection rate of IgG-aβ2GP1-D1 was 76%, IgA-aCL – 56%, IgA-aβ2GP1 – 48%. Isolated positivity for IgA-aCL,IgA-aβ2GP1, IgG-aβ2GP1-D1 was not observed. The presence of IgA-aCL, IgA-aβ2GP1, IgG-aβ2GP1-D1 was associated with high positivity forIgG/IgM-aCL and IgG/IgM-aβ2GP1. There was a statistically significant relationship between IgA-aCL/IgA-aβ2GP1 and the standard aPLprofile, as well as IgG-aβ2GP1-D1, IgG-aCL and IgG-aβ2GP1.Conclusion. A high detection rate of IgG-aβ2GP1-D1, IgA-aCL, IgA-aβ2GP1 was found in patients with APS. A statistically significant relationshipwas found between IgA-aCL/IgA-aβ2GP1 and the standard aPL profile, as well as IgG-aβ2GP1-D1 with IgG-aCL and IgG-aβ2GP1.
The prevalence of subclinical atherosclerosis of carotid arteries in patients with calcium pyrophosphate crystal deposition disease and osteoarthritis (pilot study)
Authors: Eliseev M. S. , Zhelyabina O. V. , Novikova A. M. , Chikina M. N. , Markelova E. I. , Kirillova I. G. , Korsakova Yu. O. , Kobriseva A. A.
Published: October 2021

To this date there have been no studies of subclinical atherosclerosis in the patients with calcium pyrophosphate crystal deposition disease (CPPD); in osteoarthritis (OA) such works are rare.Objective: to assess the prevalence of subclinical atherosclerosis of carotid arteries (CA) in patients with CPPD and OA.Patients and methods. The case-control study included 26 patients with CPPD and OA. The diagnosis of CPPD was based on the criteria of D.J. McCarty, diagnosis of OA was based on national clinical practice guidelines. We recorded data on smoking, blood pressure level. Assessed blood lipid spectrum, serum levels of glucose, creatinine, uric acid, CRP. Obesity was diagnosed in accordance with the WHO recommendations. All patients underwent CA Doppler ultrasonography (DUS). An increase in intima-media thickness (IMT) >0.9 mm was considered a manifestation of subclinical atherosclerosis. The SCORE index was calculated for all patients.Results and discussion. The median serum CRP level was comparable in CPPD and OA. The CRP level >5 mg/L was detected in 8 patients with CPPD and in 3 patients with OA (p=0.09). Initial signs of atherosclerosis were present in 11 (42%) patients with CPPD and in 8 (31%) patients with OA (p=0.39). In CPPD, an increase in IMT was associated with a CRP level of ≥5 mg/L in 19% of cases, and in OA – in 12.5% (p=0.08). An increase in IMT >1.3 mm was not found in patients of both groups.Conclusion. In patients with CPPD and OA, subclinical atherosclerosis is often present according to the CA ultrasound. Early detection of uncomplicated subclinical atherosclerosis in CPPD and OA is necessary for timely initiation of treatment aimed to prevent the progression of atherosclerosis and the development of cardiovascular diseases.
The state of the oral microflora in patients with systemic sclerosis
Authors: Yesayan M. S. , Selifanova E. I. , Margaryan E. G. , Beketova T. V.
Published: October 2021

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) can lead to pathological changes in the maxillofacial region, contributing to the violation of the microbiocenosis of the oral cavity with a predominance of pathogenic microflora.Objective: to study the composition of the oral microflora in patients with SSc. Patients and methods. The composition of the oral microflora was studied in 50 patients with SSc. The control group consisted of 50 subjects without rheumatic diseases. To assess the intensity of dental caries and the level of oral hygiene we used dental indices: the index of caries intensity (Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth (DMFT) and the hygienic index (OHI-S).Results and discussion. Microbiological examination in patients with SSc revealed pathogenic Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans > 10-6 CFU in equal percentage of cases (18.9%), which was significantly more frequent than in the control group (p=0.049). In the oral cavity in SSc, there were no representatives of normal microflora (lactobacilli). In patients with SSc, the DMFT index was 17.8±7.1 on average, and OHI-S – 2.3±0.7, which corresponds to a very high level of caries intensity and low indicators of oral hygiene, respectively. When analyzing the microflora of the oral cavity in 90% of cases, a dysbiotic shift of the 3rd degree was stated.Conclusion. It can hypothesized that the qualitative and quantitative composition of the microflora of the oral cavity affects the development and severity of inflammatory and destructive pathology of the periodontal and oral mucosa. It is necessary to develop and implement an adapted personal hygiene regimen, including cleansing of the tongue and administration of local probiotics, which, as part of complex therapy, can improve the results of SSc treatment.
Generic zoledronic acid for osteoporosis: focus on tolerability and safety
Authors: Toroptsova N. V. , Efremova A. O. , Korotkova T. A. , Dobrovolskaya O. V. , Feklistov A. Yu.
Published: October 2021

Objective: assessment of safety and tolerability of a new generic drug of zoledronic acid (Osteostatics) in patients.

Patients and methods. Clinical observation included 30 postmenopausal women aged 45 years and older (mean age 64±8 years). To determine the safety of the drug of zoledronic acid, all patients underwent biochemical blood test; to assess the tolerability, adverse effects (AE) associated with the administration of the drug were recorded. Fractures that may have occurred during follow-up were also required to be recorded as AE.

Results and discussion. AE was reported by 15 (50.0%) patients. In 13 (43.3%) of them flu-like syndrome (FLS) was noted, including 12 with an increase in body temperature on average to 38.4 [38.0; 38.6] ° C, in 1 (7.7%) – with abdominal pain and nausea, 5 (38.5%) women noted myalgia and/or arthralgia, and 2 (15.4%) – redness and pain in the eyes. In patients who had not previously received bisphosphonate (BP) therapy, AEs were recorded in 62.5% of cases, and in those who had already received such treatment in 15.4%. In most cases, AEs occurred in the first 48 hours, and their duration averaged 2 days.Conclusion. The incidence of AE was 50.0%, which did not exceed that when using the original zoledronic acid in real clinical practice. The majority of AEs occurred in “naive” patients, developed in the first 2 days after drug administration, and resolved on average within the next 2 days.
Early arthritis as a rheumatological chameleon: a description of a clinical case
Authors: Galushko E. A. , Alekseeva A. V. , Serikova G. V. , Semashko A. S.
Published: October 2021

The article discusses the difficulties of differential diagnosis of early arthritis and inflammatory bowel diseases with a predominant clinical picture of extraintestinal manifestations, in particular, articular syndrome. The clinical observation demonstrates features of the course of such conditions, a long diagnostic search and a wide list of diseases included in differential diagnostics range.
Políticas, innovación abierta e internacionalización en pymes
Authors: Ruano Arcos Leidi , Echeverri Romero Rubén Darío , Bolaños Delgado Sara Isabel
Published: October 2021

El siguiente artículo explora la innovación abierta en las PYMEs, abordando el concepto desde las políticas y la internacionalización. Por medio de una revisión bibliográfica se pudo identificar los principales temas investigados en los últimos años. Los resultados señalan que este campo está orientado a la relación entre la adopción de la innovación abierta y el desempeño de la empresa; los factores que dificultan la adopción; las oportunidades que brinda la innovación abierta para mejorar la gestión; la gestión de las redes y la innovación entrante y saliente. Los países europeos continúan liderando este campo de investigación y aparecen nuevos autores y otras variables de estudio como la internacionalización. Se evidencia que la internacionalización de la PYMEs se logra por medio de la consolidación de la innovación abierta en los Sistemas Nacionales de Innovación (SNI) y las redes internacionales.
Efficient Kinect Sensor-based Kurdish Sign Language Recognition Using Echo System Network
Authors: Mirza Sami F. , Al-Talabani Abdulbasit K.
Published: October 2021

Sign language assists in building communication and bridging gaps in understanding. Automatic sign language recognition (ASLR) is a field that has recently been studied for various sign languages. However, Kurdish sign language (KuSL) is relatively new and therefore researches and designed datasets on it are limited. This paper has proposed a model to translate KuSL into text and has designed a dataset using Kinect V2 sensor. The computation complexity of feature extraction and classification steps, which are serious problems for ASLR, has been investigated in this paper. The paper proposed a feature engineering approach on the skeleton position alone to provide a better representation of the features and avoid the use of all of the image information. In addition, the paper proposed model makes use of recurrent neural networks (RNNs)-based models. Training RNNs is inherently difficult, and consequently, motivates to investigate alternatives. Besides the trainable long short-term memory (LSTM), this study has proposed the untrained low complexity echo system network (ESN) classifier. The accuracy of both LSTM and ESN indicates they can outperform those in state-of-the-art studies. In addition, ESN which has not been proposed thus far for ASLT exhibits comparable accuracy to the LSTM with a significantly lower training time.
Transformasi Wilayah Kota Mandiri pada Kawasan Permukiman (Studi Kasus : Perkampungan Karawaci, Kabupaten Tangerang, Provinsi Banten)
Authors: Fitriyani Wahyu Ika Nur , Priyambodo Arfani , Siahaan Joseph Edward Timothy , Husni Misbahul Hayat Fathul
Published: October 2021

The increasing population that occurs in the metropolis of Indonesia often causes problems with the structure of urban space utilization. It’s triggered by the phenomenon of urban sprawl that occurs in the outskirts of Jakarta, especially Tangerang, causing a transformation of the landscape. The existence of Lippo Karawaci which is supported by road accessibility and supporting facilities and infrastructures encourages the growth of a new city center titled independent city. The development of independent cities has the potential to change the structure of urban spaces that cause changes in the pattern of development of residential areas, especially in rural areas. This research emphasizes the condition of distance in the residential areas in Karawaci, namely Kampung Bencongan, Binong Village, Dadap Village, and Kampung Kelapa Dua as icons of traditional settlements associated with the city center. The purpose of this research is to know the transformation of land use and analyze spatial patterns of independent urban settlements in Karawaci Village. In conducting the analysis, the method used is descriptive spatial analysis with NNA (Nearest Neighbor Analysis) method to produce the pattern of settlements formed and land use transformation in residential areas through ArcMap 10.8 software. The required data was obtained through participatory mapping using the Google Earth platform for the 2003-2020 recording year as well as field observations by comparing the conditions of village distance to independent cities. The results showed an increase in settlement area of 11.4% (2.51 ha) in Binong Village, 14.2% (2.08 ha) in Dadap Village, 15.7% (4.84 ha) in Kampung Kelapa Dua, and 9.7% (3.67 ha) in Kampung Bencongan from 2003 to 2020. Spatial patterns formed in residential areas in Karawaci Village show that the closer the residential area with an independent city center will form a cluster settlement pattern. Meanwhile, the further the residential area from the city center independently will form a pattern of random settlements. So, it can be concluded that the transformation of the city space structure with the development of independent cities increases the area of settlements and forms different patterns of settlements to the city center.
Ten Simples Rules on How to Organise a Bioinformatics Hackathon
Authors: Hollmann Susanne , Regierer Babette , Attwood Teresa K , Gisel Andreas , Van Helden Jacques , Rossier Gregoire , Kersey Paul J , Korpelainen Eija , Vriend Gert , Bongcam-Rudloff Erik
Published: October 2021

The completion of the human genome sequence triggered worldwide efforts to unravel the secrets hidden in its deceptively simple code. Numerous bioinformatics projects were undertaken to hunt for genes, predict their protein products, function and post-translational modifications, analyse protein-protein interactions, etc. Many novel analytic and predictive computer programmes fully optimised for manipulating human genome sequence data have been developed, whereas considerably less effort has been invested in exploring the many thousands of other available genomes, from unicellular organisms to plants and non-human animals.  Nevertheless, a detailed understanding of these organisms can have a significant impact on human health and well-being.New advances in genome sequencing technologies, bioinformatics, automation, artificial intelligence, etc., enable us to extend the reach of genomic research to all organisms.  To this aim gather, develop and implement new bioinformatics solutions (usually in the form of software) is pivotal. A helpful model, often used by the bioinformatics community, is the so-called hackathon. These are events when all stakeholders beyond their disciplines work together creatively to solve a problem. During its runtime, the consortium of the EU-funded project AllBio - Broadening the Bioinformatics Infrastructure to cellular, animal and plant science - conducted many successful hackathons with researchers from different Life Science areas. Based on this experience, in the following, the authors present a step-by-step and standardised workflow explaining how to organise a bioinformatics hackathon to develop software solutions to biological problems.
Small double limit with reflecting Wentzel boundary condition
Authors: Sane Ibrahima , Diedhiou Alassane
Published: October 2021

We provide a large deviation principle on the stochastic differential equations with reflecting Wentzel boundary condition if

δ
ε

{\frac{\delta}{\varepsilon}}

tends to 0 when the two parameters δ (homogenization parameter) and ε (the large deviations parameter) tend to zero. Here, we suppose that the homogenization parameter converges sufficiently quickly more than the large deviations parameter. Furthermore, we will make explicit the associated rate function.
A simple closed-form model to accurately calculate the electromechanical coupling coefficient of CMUTs
Authors: Chowdhury Sazzadur
Published: October 2021

A simple highly accurate closed-form model to calculate the electromechanical coupling coefficient of a capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducer (CMUT) is presented. The model exploits the electrostatic spring softening phenomenon to derive an expression for the energy converted from electrical to mechanical domain and includes the nonlinear change of the CMUT diaphragm stiffness during large deflections. The model has been validated by comparing the model predicted values with experimental results published elsewhere along with the results predicted by some existing models. The comparison shows that the model predicted values are in excellent agreement with experimental results. The model also enables one to quantify the effects of residual stress, bending, and nonlinear stretching of the diaphragm on the transduction efficiency of CMUTs without any computationally intensive finite element analysis method. The model resolves the ambiguity of the absence of electrostatic spring softening effect in some existing models.
Epizódok II. Ottokár 1273. évi hadjáratából
Authors: Julianna Orsós
Published: October 2021

The paper introduces the principles of the translation of a running project that is aiming to publish all excerption of the Styrian Rhymed Chronicle with Hungarian regards. While giving a short overview about the research areas applying this source, chapters XCVI–XCVII. are also published in Hungarian as a prose translation. These chapters describe remarkable scenes of the campaign 1271 of Ottokar II against the Hungarian Kingdom and Styria as well as they refer to the murder of prince Béla of Macsó (Mačva) and describe the morals and the political infl uence of his mother, the daughter of Béla IV, Anna of Macsó (Mačva).
The Zimbabwe Culture and the development of the Nambya state in north-western Zimbabwe
Authors: Shenjere-Nyabezi Plan , Gronenborn Detlef
Published: October 2021

A multi-disciplinary research project in north-western Zimbabwe focuses on the Nambya state of the Zimbabwe Culture. The new research suggests that the development of the Nambya state was contemporaneous with other Zimbabwe Culture states and not the result of a direct migration from the Great Zimbabwe state.