bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Morphological characterization and distribution of antennal sensilla of Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) using scanning electron microscopy
Authors: Li Yong-Ping , Zhou Hai-Yan , Ye Hui , Hu Qiu-Lian , Jiang Ming-Min , Cao Jun
Published: November 2023

Spodoptera litura Fabricius (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is a
globally significant agricultural pest, causing severe damage to
commercial crop production in China. Chemical odor-based trapping is a
major approach for S. litura control, making it essential to
understand the antennal sensillum types of the insect to enhance
development of effective chemical odor attractants. In the present
study, the S. litura antennal sensillum types were examined by
low-voltage field emission scanning electron microscope and the
morphological descriptions were provided. A total of eight types and
three subtypes of S. litura antennal sensillum were identified,
including Böhm’s bristles (I and II), sensilla trichodea, sensilla
basiconica, sensilla chaetica, sensilla coeloconica, sensilla
styloconica, sensilla squamiformia (I and II), and sensilla auricillica
(I and II). Among them, Böhm bristle II, sensilla squamiformia II, and
sensilla auricillica II are reported for the first time for S.
litura. This study provides the morphological information to aid in
conducting antennal sensillum electrophysiological tests on S.
litura. Research Highlights The types of sensilla of
Spodoptera litura were examined, identifying eight types and
three subtypes, including Böhm’s bristles (I and II), sensilla
trichodea, sensilla basiconica, sensilla chaetica, sensilla coeloconica,
sensilla styloconica, sensilla squamiformia (I and II), and sensilla
auricillica (I and II). Detailed low-voltage field emission scanning
electron microscope images and descriptions were provided for each
sensillum type.
Stan i perspektywy rozwoju rolnictwa ekologicznego w Polsce
Authors: Nowogródzka Teresa
Published: November 2023

W opracowaniu zwrócono uwagę na aktualny stan rolnictwa ekologicznego w Polsce, wskazano problemy, z jakimi borykają się producenci żywności ekologicznej. Przedstawiono strukturę wielkości gospodarstw ekologicznych w Polsce, wskazując na znaczne ich rozdrobnienie. Zwrócono uwagę na wzrastający popyt na żywnościowe produkty ekologiczne oraz niedostosowanie podaży do popytu. Wskazano także na konieczność wprowadzenia zmian w polskim rolnictwie ekologicznym, nawiązując do rolnictwa wybranych krajów europejskich.
Tendencje w produkcji i handlu zagranicznym wieprzowiną w Polsce w latach 1990-2011
Authors: Stańko Stanisław
Published: November 2023

W artykule przedstawiono zmiany w produkcji, konsumpcji i handlu zagranicznym wieprzowiną w Polsce w latach 1990-2011. Polska od 2008 r. jest importerem netto wieprzowiny i ujemne saldo obrotów handlowych się powiększa.
Spółdzielnie w rolnictwie w wybranych państwach Europy Zachodniej; aspekty prawne i ekonomiczne
Authors: Suchoń Aneta
Published: November 2023

Przedstawiono wybrane prawne zagadnienia dotyczące spółdzielni, w tym organizacji i kwestii podatkowych. Dodatkowo zaprezentowano dane statystyczne oraz wskazano kierunki działalności spółdzielni funkcjonujących w rolnictwie i na terenach wiejskich w wybranych krajach Europy Zachodniej, w szczególności we Francji, Niemczech i Danii. W pierwszych dwóch państwach istnieją odrębne ustawy dotyczące spółdzielczości, gdy tymczasem w Danii odnotować należy Akt o Przedsiębiorstwach Handlowych, wspólny dla wszystkich rodzajów podmiotów gospodarczych. Informacje na temat spółdzielni w tych systemach prawnych mogą być pomocne w procesie tworzenia zarówno nowej ustawy Prawo spółdzielcze, jak i przy modernizacji struktur spółdzielczości wiejskiej oraz określeniu kierunków jej rozwoju w Polsce.
Structural Changes in Agriculture of Ukraine: Results and Perspectives
Authors: Moroz Serhiy
Published: November 2023

The paper examines structural changes in the Ukrainian agriculture during the reform period. The tendencies in the agricultural sector and directions of its transformations are considered. It has been concluded that the multifunctional model of agriculture should be implemented in Ukraine, because it can create good opportunities for an increase in the competitiveness of the agricultural sector, a solution of socio-economic issues of the rural areas and a provision of an integrated development of rural areas in the long-term perspective.
Pozycja konkurencyjna polskiego sektora rolno-żywnościowego na rynkach krajów Wspólnoty Niepodległych Państw
Authors: Kita Katarzyna , Poczta Walenty
Published: November 2023

Artykuł wskazuje na rolę krajów Wspólnoty Niepodległych Państw w polskim handlu zagranicznym artykułami rolno-spożywczymi oraz prezentuje wyniki analizy pozycji konkurencyjnej artykułów rolno-żywnościowych wytwarzanych w Polsce na rynkach WNP w latach 2000-2009. W opracowaniu wykorzystano celowo dobrany zestaw ilościowych mierników międzynarodowej pozycji konkurencyjnej ex post.
Depression and distress in couples with infertility - who suffers more?
Authors: Pejuskovic Bojana , Toskovic Oliver , Ivanisevic Milica , Lero Marija , Durutovic Otas
Published: November 2023

Introduction/Objective. Infertility is the inability to achieve pregnancy after a year or more of unprotected sexual intercourse. It is a clinical and social issue affecting both sexes. Infertility can cause anxiety, depression, and personal distress with long-lasting consequences. Men and women tend to cope with infertility in different ways and reliance on certain coping mechanisms can be harmful. This study aims to examine the correlative effects of infertility, distress and depression among couples, and investigate sex disparities in levels of suffering. Methods. The research is a cross-sectional study that included 168 participants (84 couples) divided into two groups, control and infertility group. Beck Depression Inventory Second Edition (BDI-II) and the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI) were used to identify and assess psychological symptoms. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS at the 0.05 level of significance. Results. The results showed that there was a significant difference in the scores on BDI and BSI scales between the infertile and fertile groups, with participants in the infertile group reporting higher levels of depression and distress (t = -2.724, df = 166, p < 0.01; t = -3.609, df = 166, p < 0.01). Women had significantly higher scores on the depression scale than men (t = -2.079, df = 166, p < 0.05). Conclusion. In summary, the study found that couples dealing with infertility experience higher levels of distress and depression compared to the control group. Women in these couples are particularly vulnerable to depression. The study highlights the importance of addressing the mental health needs of individuals and couples dealing with infertility, in addition to treating the underlying medical issues.
Mechanical regulation of retinal vascular inflammation and degenerationin diabetes
Authors: Chandrakumar Sathishkumar , Santiago Tierno Irene , Agarwal Mahesh , M. Lessieur Emma , Du Yunpeng , Tang Jie , Kiser Jianying , Yang Xiao , Rodriguez Anthony , S. Kern Timothy , Ghosh Kaustabh
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT

Vascular inflammation is known to cause degeneration of retinal capillaries in early diabetic retinopathy (DR), a major microvascular complication of diabetes. Past studies investigating these diabetes-induced retinal vascular abnormalities have focused primarily on the role of molecular or biochemical cues. Here we show that retinal vascular inflammation and degeneration in diabetes are also mechanically regulated by the increase in retinal vascular stiffness caused by overexpression of collagen-crosslinking enzyme lysyl oxidase (LOX). Treatment of diabetic mice with LOX inhibitor β-Aminopropionitrile (BAPN) prevented the increase in retinal capillary stiffness, vascular ICAM-1 overexpression, and leukostasis. Consistent with these
anti-inflammatory effects, BAPN treatment of diabetic mice blocked the upregulation of proapoptotic caspase-3 in retinal vessels, which concomitantly reduced retinal capillary degeneration, pericyte ghost formation, and the diabetes-induced loss of contrast sensitivity in these mice. Finally, our in vitro studies indicate that retinal capillary stiffening is sufficient to increase the adhesiveness and neutrophil elastase-induced death of retinal endothelial cells.
By uncovering a link between LOX-dependent capillary stiffening and the development of retinal vascular and functional defects in diabetes, these findings offer a new insight into DR pathogenesis that has important translational potential.

ARTICLE HIGHLIGHTS

· The objective of this study was to determine whether retinal vascular inflammation and degeneration associated with early DR are mechanically regulated by the increased stiffness of retinal capillaries

· We provide first direct evidence of retinal capillary stiffening in diabetes that is dependent on LOX, promotes retinal vascular inflammation, and causes capillary degeneration by increasing retinal endothelial susceptibility to neutrophil elastase

· We also show that pharmacological inhibition of LOX prevents the diabetes-induced loss of contrast sensitivity

These findings implicate LOX and capillary stiffening as new anti-inflammatory targets for the treatment of retinal vascular and functional defects associated with early DR
Familial Cutaneous Angiosarcoma of the Head
Authors: Kakurai Masakazu , Ito Shusaku , Maeda Akemi , Ogawa Daiki , Honda Rie
Published: November 2023

Abstract is missing (Short communication)
Power of innovation networks for the energy sector after COVID-19. A case study of the Enterprise Europe Network
Authors: Suder Marcin , Gródek-Szostak Zofia , Suliga Milena , Duda Joanna
Published: November 2023

Innovation networks such as the Enterprise Europe Network (EEN) are an important element supporting the development of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) from various economic sec-tors. Their operations focus mainly on organizing brokerage events, business mission conferences, etc. These events are to facilitate networking, learning about new industry trends, or exchanging experiences. The global COVID-19 pandemic has significantly curbed the effectiveness of innovation networks, forcing them to look for new forms of contact. Entrepreneurs from the energy industry who have so far actively participated in events organized by the EEN have also been affected. The article analyzes the impact of EEN pandemic on the activities of the EEN and its effectiveness, focusing mainly on the quantitative aspect of the impact of the crisis. In particular, it shows how the number of events organized, their structure and the effectiveness of EEN’s activities have changed, which is reflected in the number of cooperation contracts between entrepreneurs participating in the events. The paper compares the impact of the pandemic on the organization of all types of promotional events for companies in the energy industry. Furthermore, based on a case study, the article discusses the problems faced by innovation networks during the pandemic and those faced by companies in the energy industry. The results of the study clearly show a decrease in the number of events organized by innovation networks in times of crisis, but the decrease in energy-related events is not as significant as in events related to other industries. At the same time, the effectiveness of organized events increased.
Calibration of a background-oriented schlieren (BOS) imaging based on the light deflection angle of a wedge prism
Authors: Sasono Margi , Sakti Setyawan P. , Noor Johan A. E. , Soetedjo Hariyadi
Published: November 2023

The background oriented schlieren (BOS) imaging relies on measuring the light deflection angle in proportion to the refractive index gradient due to the change in the density of a medium. BOS imaging is sensitive to light deflection, and the quantitative measurement requires a reliable calibration method. It is convenient to calibrate the BOS based on the measurement of light deflection. All current BOS calibrations use the random dot as the background and digital image correlation (DIC) as the processing algorithm. Such calibrations can induce an inaccurate measurement. This paper proposes a new method to calibrate the BOS based on measuring a known light deflection angle of a wedge prism. The proposed method uses a fringe pattern instead of the random-dot and works based on phase demodulation. The fringe patterns are phase modulated by the wedge prism (the schlieren object). The demodulation utilizes the Hilbert transform (HT) on the BOS images, giving the phase difference of the images. The BOS converts the phase difference into the deflection angle. The calibration relies on the deviation of the angle measured by the BOS with the known angle of a wedge prism. The results show that the measurement accuracy of the BOS can achieve more than 95%. This result shows high accuracy in measuring the light deflection angle. Also, the proposed method is more accurate than other methods, and fringe patterns outperform random dot patterns in BOS imaging. Soon, this proposed calibration method can be adopted to validate the instruments for measuring the physical properties of a transparent medium in two-dimensional (2-D) visualization, in a contactless and non-intrusive manner.
Canadian Suburbs Atlas
Authors: Gordon David , Herteg Remus
Published: November 2023

Canada is a nation where over two-thirds of he population lives in some form of suburb. It is important to monitor the locations of population growth within our nation as it has profound e!ects on our economic e!ectiveness, environmental sustainability, and our overall public health. This atlas updates the article “Suburban Nation? Estimating the size of Canada’s suburban population”, published in the Journal of Architecture and Planning Research (Gordon & Janzen 2013). The JAPR article was based upon 2006 census data, while this paper updates the research using the 2021 census data that was released late 2022. This atlas also replaces and updates the Council for Canadian Urbanism Working Paper #2, “Still Suburban: Growth in Canadian Suburbs, 2016-2016."
Management of Early Pregnency Loss by Surgical Evacuation or Medical Termination Which is a Better Choice?
Authors: Hayat Tasneem , Afzal Munawar , Bilal Humaira , Latif Waqas
Published: November 2023

Background and Objective: Comparative efficacy of medical termination has always remained debatable as compared to surgical techniques. The study was designed to assess the safety, acceptability and success of oral Misoprostol as an agent of medical termination as compared to surgical evacuation in cases of early pregnancy loss.
Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study conducted in Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at Sughra Shafi Medical Complex, affiliated with Sahara Medical College Narowal from August 2017 to February 2019. Diagnosed cases of missed miscarriage before 13 weeks (n = 150) were allocated either for surgical evacuation (n = 50) or medical termination by oral Misoprostol (n = 100) on patients’ own choice after counselling. Effective dosage schedule of Misoprostol, its adverse effects, number of days taken for complete expulsion and duration of hospital stay were recorded. Main outcome measure was successful termination.
Results: Patients enrolled for surgical evacuation had 100% success rate while those in medical termination had 80% success rate and 20% treatment failure.Significant differences were also observed in symptoms, bleeding and hospital stays between the two groups.
Conclusion: Surgical evacuation is still a gold standard method recommended for suitable cases, while medical termination by Misoprostolis low cost, better accepted and effective but has unpredictable outcomes.
Analysis of Serial C-Reactive Protein Levels in Critically Ill COVID-19 Patients Receiving Tocilizumab
Authors: Masood Atika , Farooq Omair , Waris Sadaf , Khan Muhammad , Mumtaz Asim , Aslam Maleeha , Usama Muhammad
Published: November 2023

Background and Objective: COVID-19 can cause severe acute respiratory distress syndrome. With deteriorating disease, most of the patients may require intensive care admission. This study was carried out to determine and evaluate the response of Tocilizumab with special reference to C-reactive protein (CRP) in critically ill patients presented to Farooq Hospital, West Wood Lahore.
Methods: This retrospective study included the data of 55 critically ill COVID-19 patients (respiratory rate ≥30, SpO2<93%, oxygen requirement ≥5L/min, PaO2/FiO2 ≤300 mmHg) admitted in Corona unit of Farooq Hospital West Wood Lahore, who were being treated with Tocilizumab alongwith standard treatment protocol between April 27 and June 21, 2020. The data has been retrieved from hospital records after taking appropriate permission and consent. Demographic, clinical features and serum CRP were recorded for each of them, before and after administration of Tocilizumab. Data analysis was done by Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22.0 and expressed as frequency and percentages.
Results: Out of 55 patients who were administered Tocilizumab, 72.7% survived whereas 27.3% died. There was higher median reduction of CRP levels in patients who survived (77.5 to 34.9 mg/L) as compared to those who died (65.5 to 45.3 mg/L). There was a statistically significant difference between CRP levels at the time of admission, 72 hours after Tocilizumab was administered (P<0.0001).
Conclusion: Tocilizumab administration might be helpful in reducing the complications of cytokine storm in patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia.
UHS Response to COVID-19
Authors: Chaudhry Saima
Published: November 2023

N/A
Dental Journalism in Pakistan
Authors: Padhiar Inayatullah
Published: November 2023

Dental Journalism in Pakistan has a very chequered history. There are many reasons for this worsening status of dental research; lack of research facilities, funding, ownership and training of the stake-holders are a few of those. The need of the hour is that the eminent and seniour dental scholars, the research institutes and the professional bodies should work together and plot the strategies to strengthen a research oriented mind-set and guidance for the future students so that quality of research, both at clinical and basic sciences levels,  is improved and publications in the national journals may be encouraged for uplifting their status in the international journalism.
Patellar Inward Pushing Method Relieves Knee Osteoarthritis Via Regulating Cytokines
Authors: Li Dandong , Zhang Xuhui , Li Linlin , Ma Zhenzhen , Su Feng , Wang Tinghao
Published: November 2023

Background and Objective:  Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a chronic degenerative disease characterized by pain, morning stiffness and swelling in the knee joints. And KOA is common in the elderly and seriously affects the exercise function and physical health of patients. This study aimed to explore the curative effects of patellar inward pushing method (PIPM) on KOA.

Methods:  In this study, we established rabbit animal models of KOA for the research by using the New Zealand white rabbits. A total of n=30 rabbits were divided into 5 groups by random number table method: blank group, model group, glucosamine hydrochloride (GH) group, PIPM group and PIPM combined with GH group. The rabbits were then modeled.

Results:  After 9-weeks cultured in groups, 5 ml blood was collected from the heart, and cytokines were detected. The result suggested that iNOS, NO and TNF-α were the pathogenic inflammatory factor of KOA, and aggravated cartilage damage and degeneration. Besides, this study indicated that PIPM combined with GH treatment significantly reduced the activity of inflammatory cytokines in serum and joint fluid of KOA models in rabbits. In addition, PIPM combined with GH therapy exhibited the best therapeutic effect among these treatments, which was working on KOA better than PIPM treatment alone or GH treatment alone.

Conclusion:  PIPM could effectively treat KOA via regulating cytokines, and the PIPM combined with GH therapy could be a novel therapeutic strategy for KOA.
Effect of Body Mass Index on the Outcome of In-vitro Fertilization/Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection
Authors: Imran Zoofishan , Khan Haroon Latif , Nafees Rabia , Humayun Humaira , Nisar Rameen
Published: November 2023

Background and Objective:  Obesity is becoming a global issue related to many health problems, and infertility is one of them. It has been established in literature that obesity or increased body mass index (BMI) harms the ability of a woman to conceive. Assisted reproductive techniques e.g., in-vitro fertilization (IVF) and Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI) are helping infertile women to conceive. This study's objective was to analyze the effect of BMI on IVF/ICSI treatment outcomes in infertile women.

Methods:  This was a retrospective cross-sectional study. Samples of 500 patients aged less than 40 years were selected at a tertiary care infertility center: Lahore Institute of Fertility and Endocrinology, Hameed Latif Hospital. The sample was collected from January 2019 to June 2019. A structured proforma was used to collect information about selected anthropometric measurements and ultrasonography findings from the files and follow-ups of the selected patients. Data was processed and analyzed in Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0.

Results:  The age of the subjects ranged from 18 to 39 years, with a maximum number of subjects in the age category 31 to 35 years. BMI was significantly associated with number of follicles retrieved and clinical pregnancy rate (P=  0.001).

Conclusion:  Normal BMI has positive impact both on follicular response in controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) and clinical pregnancy rates in women undergoing IVF/ICSI treatment.
Pharmacy Leaders’ Advice to Students Pursuing Leadership: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Devraj Radhika , Castleberry Ashley , Alvarez Nancy , Persky Adam , Poirier Therese
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Leadership development is important both from a curricular standpoint and for continued advancement of the profession. Advice from current leaders in the profession may serve as a powerful motivator to students desiring to be leaders. The purpose of this qualitative study was to provide advice from experienced pharmacy leaders.
Methods: Fifty-four pharmacy leaders were identified based on pre-determined, specific criteria and by using a snowball sampling method. Interviews with leaders were conducted via Zoom to learn about their leadership journey, their legacy, and advice they would give students. The interviews were transcribed, de-identified and analyzed using the inductive, modified constant comparison approach for open and axial coding. Advice themes were compared by gender and generational category.
Results: The majority of the interviewees were male (69%), belonged to the Baby Boomer Generation (1946-1964, 59.3%), and held leadership positions in education (78%) and health systems (48%). Thirty-seven leadership advice themes were present. The topmost advice to students was to keep an open mind (35%) and to get involved in organizations (32%). Pieces of advice shared by both men and women leaders included:  being open minded, getting involved in organizations, taking initiative, trying new or difficult things, and finding your passion. Keeping an open mind, and taking initiative were common across the three generations.
Conclusion: Pharmacy leaders have insightful information for students aspiring to be future leaders. Leadership advice was similar by gender and generational category. Students would benefit in developing their leadership based on advice from the lived experience of pharmacy leaders. Future studies could examine students’ perspectives on leadership advice.
Colombia y su entorno vital: reflexiones sobre la seguridad ambiental como prioridad nacional
Authors: Rivera-Páez Samuel , Garay Acevedo Claudia Patricia
Published: November 2023

Colombia depende, de muchas formas, de sus activos ambientales estratégi-cos. Por ello, la seguridad ambiental se constituye para el país en una dimensión crucial de la política de seguridad humana. Sin embargo, para comprender esa importancia es clave reconocer las funciones del medio ambiente en el sistema planetario y la evolución del concepto de seguridad ambiental en el mundo. Hoy la seguridad ambiental sigue sien-do amplia y general, y por su amplísima visión interactúa de manera integral con el resto de las dimensiones de la seguridad humana. Por ello, este capítulo hace un recuento de esos factores: la importancia del medio ambiente, el origen y la evolución del concepto de seguridad ambiental y la importancia que tiene para el presente y futuro del país. Concluye explicando por qué para el caso colombiano dicha dimensión se constituye en un factor fundamental de análisis y reflexión.
The concept of deepfake in Russian law, classification of deepfake and issues of their legal regulation
Authors: Bodrov Nikolay Filippovich , Lebedeva Antonina Konstantinovna
Published: November 2023

The article deals with the issues of legal regulation of deepfake in the Russian Federation. Legal regulation of deepfake does not keep up with the pace of development of artificial intelligence technologies. The authors emphasize that there is no definition of deepfake in the current legislation, and the existing formulations in scientific works are extremely contradictory in nature. Taking into account the pace of development of artificial intelligence technologies, it is necessary to legislate the definition of deepfake. The authors note that the classification of deepfakes is fundamentally important for the legal regulation of these technologies. According to the results of the analysis of modern neural networks the species classification of deepfakes is offered. Taking into account the authors' proposed definition of the concept of "deepfake" and taking into account the lack of legal mechanisms to regulate social relations in the sphere of use and distribution of deepfake, which cause the development of digital transformation, it is important to form mechanisms to adapt the legal system to the challenges associated with the development of deepfake technologies.
Russian and Chinese phraseology of religious themes with numeric components two and three
Authors: Ding Lina , Lysyakova Marina Vital'evna
Published: November 2023

This article is devoted to the linguistic and linguocultural study of numerative phraseological units with a religious component in the Russian and Chinese languages. The object of this research is the idioms of the Russian and Chinese languages of religious themes, which contain the components of the numerals two and three. The subject of this research is the linguistic and national-cultural features of Russian and Chinese phraseological units with a religious component. Such methods as the method of continuous sampling, the descriptive method, the comparative method, linguoculturological analysis and etymological analysis are used in the research. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the fact that the similarities and differences in the perception of the spiritual identity of the Russian and Chinese ethnos are revealed on the basis of phraseological units with numerals in the linguoculturological aspect. The result of the comparison of idioms with the numerical components two and three in the two languages is a confirmation of the opposite attitude to the numbers of the Russians and the Chinese, in particular, it is noted that the Chinese culture gravitates towards even numbers, and the Russian culture – towards odd numbers. The conclusions and materials of this article can be used in the preparation of general and special courses, the results of this work will facilitate and accelerate the integration of foreign students into the Russian and Chinese linguistic and cultural environment.
The Competition Laws of China and Cameroon: A Comparative Analysis of their Legislative Systems
Authors: Yongyeh Ngalim Elizabeth , Yu Lu Ming , Mohammed Naumi Kassim
Published: November 2023

This study aims to compare the competition laws of Cameroon and China, with a focus on the legislative system of the anti-monopoly law of the People’s Republic of China (PRC) and the competition law of Cameroon. In this context, the study examines various aspects, such as the similarities of Cameroon and China’s competition legislative systems, by using secondary data analysis (secondary research). Research on China and Cameroon is significant in terms of determining where both countries need to develop and enhance their competition laws, economic trade and diplomatic relations. Cameroon’s competition law has not been amended in the recent past, while the anti-monopoly law of the PRC was amended in 2022.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE SYSTEMS IN SCHOOL EDUCATION: HISTORY AND MODERNITY, PROSPECTS AND CHALLENGES
Authors: Laptev Vladimir V. , Larchenkova Lyudmila A. , Shubina Natalia L.
Published: November 2023

The possibilities of using artificial intelligence (AI) systems in school education are considered. An overview of the main stages of AI development is presented, from its appearance and first experiments to modern achievements. Particular attention is paid to the role of AI in individualising learning, developing the necessary skills in students, in the new organisation of the educational process and in the professional development of teachers. It is shown that the use of AI in schools makes it possible to optimise students’ learning and provide access to education without spatial and time restrictions. The prospects for using new technologies, such as ChatGPT and virtual reality, in the educational process are considered. The evolution of ChatGPT in the educational field and the potential of this technology in the future are analysed. At the same time, it is shown that the use of AI systems in schools is associated with certain challenges, including ethical, pedagogical and technical aspects. In summary, this article provides information on how the benefits of AI can be maximised in school education, and also examines the future prospects for the development of AI in the context of school applications.
THERAPEUTIC MODELS AND FEATURES OF THE PSYCHOTHERAPEUTIC DISCOURSE OF KEN KESEY’S NOVEL “ONE FLEW OVER THE CUCKOO’S NEST”
Authors: Shugaylo Irina V. , Kadirov Kamoliddin N.
Published: November 2023

The article describes two models of psychotherapy and the language of the psychotherapeutic discourse in Ken Kesey’s novel “One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest” (translated from English by D. Shepelev). First raised by M. Foucault, the theme of psychotherapy in hospitals of mental disorders as a practice of power was described in medical, pedagogical, autobiographical literature. The paper compares two models of the psychotherapeutic approach to human socialisation, conditionally associated with the manipulative method of the senior nurse of the psychiatric clinic and the humanistic method of McMurphy, the patient. The two types of the psychotherapeutic discourse, techniques of psychotherapy, features of the language of agents and clients of therapy – all these things make it possible to conclude that the qualities of the psychotherapist himself, but not abstract clichés, are of decisive importance in psychotherapy, and literature, thanks to numerous expressive means, helps to attract a wide audience to the topic of human mental health.
IDIOMS IN THE SCHOOL SYSTEM OF LANGUAGE TEACHING: THE ISSUE OF BACHELORS’ EDUCATION IMPROVEMENT
Authors: Alekseeva Olga V.
Published: November 2023

The applicability of the research subject is defined by the goals of university education for future teachers so that they will be able to implement the renewed federal state educational standard of basic general education in the Russian language teaching practice. The goal of the article is to single out components for methodological development that are optimal for acquiring disciplinary, metadisciplinary and personal results in studying the “Idioms” topic in class. It was discovered that the base course content of Russian language teaching methodology, components of students’ self-studies and methodological projects on new forms and work methods in modern class influence professional competence buildup.
Genre Features of “Paradise Lost” by K. Penderecki
Authors: Rau Evgeniya R.
Published: November 2023

The article is devoted to the opera “Paradise Lost” by K. Penderecki. The opera has the author’s defi nition of the genre — “sacra rappresentazione”. In fact, it combines the features of various musical genres, and it is a vivid example illustrating the trend of rethinking traditional genre models. This tendency was characteristic of the musical art of the 20th century. The article provides information about the history of the creation and the fi rst performances of the opera, as well as analyses the features of the work from the point of view of architectonics, specifi cations of the musical language and genre characteristics. This work of Penderecki was considered in the article in connection with the composer’s worldview and the stylistic evolution of his oeuvre, as well as in the context of general trends in the development of musical genres in the second half of the 20th century.
Synthesis and Optical Property Modulation of Substituted [2,2]-paracylophanes through Through-Space Conjugation
Authors: Lambud Sushil , Bhadke Anil , Siddiqui Zahir , Chaudhari Vaishali , Sekar Nagaiyan , Bhosale Rajesh , More Sandeep
Published: November 2023

4,16-para-substituted [2,2] paracylophane with naphthalene (PCP-NAP), anthracene (PCP-ANTH), and tetraphenylethylene (PCP-TPE) as a new through-space conjugated dimers were prepared by the Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling reaction of 4,16-diboryl [2,2] paracyclophane and respective bromo derivative using Pd(PPh3)4 as a catalyst and KOH as a base. The synthesized compounds were fully characterized by NMR, HR-MS and their photophysical, and electrochemical properties were studied. The quantum yield of PCP-NAP and PCP-ANTH were calculated and estimated as 0.21 and 0.50. PCP-TPE exhibited aggregation-induced emission characteristics when the water fraction was higher than 40% in the THF/water mixtures, it crystallizes in the centrosymmetric triclinic space group P⎼1 with one molecule residing on the inversion centre. The observed properties of these π-stacked dimers were compared to conjugation length in the structure.
Organocatalyzed Enantio- and Diastereoselective Domino [3+2]-Dipolar Cycloaddition: Synthesis of Chiral Pyrrorlo-thiazine-2-carbaldehydes and Dihydropyrrole-3-carbaldehydes
Authors: Pandidurai Solai , Choutipalli Venkata Surya Kumar , Subramanian Venkatesan , Sekar Govindasamy
Published: November 2023

1,3-Dipolar cycloaddition of azomethine ylide and dipolarophile is an efficient method to construct N, S heterocycles such as thiazoles, 1,4-thiazines, and their chiral polyhydro derivatives. Herein, we report a proline-derived organocatalytic enantioselective synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-d][1,4]thiazine-2-carbaldehydes using domino 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition/rearrangement sequence. This domino process yields fluorescent emissive, highly enantioenriched chiral molecules with three contiguous stereogenic centers, having one chiral quaternary center in a single step, with excellent yield, enantio- and diastereoselectivity. This strategy was extended to the stereoselective one-pot synthesis of novel chiral tetrasubstituted dihydropyrrole-3-carbaldehydes via domino 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition/rearrangement, followed by S-alkylation/base promoted ring-opening. A DFT study showed that the formation of hydropyrrolo-thiazole intermediate is the rate-determining step (TS7 E‡ = -28.49 kcal/mol) which is responsible for the formation of pyrrolo[1,2-d][1,4]thiazine-2-carbaldehydes. Due to high energy, the intermediate hydropyrrolo-thiazole’s ring opens to yield thiolate anion, followed by C-N-bond rotation, intramolecular 1,2-addition of ketone and spontaneous protonation provides pyrrolo[1,2-d][1,4]thiazine-2-carbaldehydes. An in-silico study showed that the pyrrolo-thiazine-2-carbaldehyde scaffolds have substantial anticancer activity with respect to B-Raf kinase, a non-small cell line lung cancer.
Fluorescence lifetime imaging unravels the pathway of glioma cell death upon hypericin-induced photodynamic therapy
Authors: Bassler Miriam , Hiller Jonas , Wackenhut Frank , zur Oven-Krockhaus Sven , Frech Philipp , Schmidt Felix , Kertzscher Christoph , Rammler Tim , Ritz Rainer , Braun Kai , Scheele Marcus , J. Meixner Alfred , Brecht Marc
Published: November 2023

Malignant primary brain tumors are a group of highly aggressive and often infiltrating tumors that lack adequate therapeutic treatments to achieve long time survival. Complete tumor removal is one precondition to reach this goal. A promising approach to optimize resection margins and eliminate remaining infiltrative so-called guerilla cells is photodynamic therapy (PDT) using organic photosensitizers that can pass the disrupted blood-brain-barrier and selectively accumulate in tumor tissue. Hypericin fulfills these conditions and additionally offers outstanding photophysical properties, making it an excellent choice as a photosensitizing molecule for PDT. However, the actual hypericin-induced PDT cell death mechanism is still under debate. In this work, hypericin-induced PDT was investigated by employing the three distinct fluorescent probes hypericin, resorufin and propidium iodide (PI) in fluorescence-lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM). This approach enables visualizing the PDT-induced photodamaging and dying of single, living glioma cells, as an in vitro tumor model for glioblastoma. Hypericin PDT and FLIM image acquisition were simultaneously induced by 405 nm laser irradiation and sequences of FLIM images and fluorescence spectra were recorded to analyze the PDT progression. The reproducibly observed cellular changes provide insight into the mechanism of cell death during PDT and suggest that apoptosis is the initial mechanism followed by necrosis after continued irradiation. These new insights into the mechanism of hypericin PDT of single glioma cells may help to adjust irradiation doses and improve the implementation as a therapy for primary brain tumors.
Alkene Dialkylation via Triple Radical Sorting
Authors: Wang Johnny , Lyon William , MacMillan David
Published: November 2023

The development of bimolecular homolytic substitution (SH2) catalysis has expanded cross-coupling logic by enabling the selective merger of any primary radical with any secondary or tertiary radical via a radical sorting mechanism. SH2 catalysis can be used to merge common feedstock chemicals—such as alcohols, acids, and halides—in any permutation for the construction of a single C(sp3)–C(sp3) bond. The ability to sort these two distinct radicals across commercially available alkenes in a three-component manner would enable the simultaneous construction of two C(sp3)–C(sp3) bonds, greatly accelerating access to drug-like chemical space. However, the simultaneous in situ formation of electrophilic and primary nucleophilic radicals in the presence of unactivated alkenes is problematic, typically leading to statistical radical recombination, hydrogen atom transfer, disproportionation, and other deleterious pathways. Herein, we report the use of bimolecular homolytic substitution catalysis to sort an electrophilic radical and a nucleophilic radical across an unactivated alkene. This reaction involves the in situ formation of three distinct radical species, which are then differentiated by size and electronics, allowing for regioselective formation of desired dialkylated products. This work accelerates access to pharmaceutically relevant C(sp3)-rich molecules and defines a novel mechanistic paradigm for alkene dialkylation.
Binding of precursors to replicator assemblies can improve replication fidelity and mediate error correction
Authors: Markovitch Omer , Wu Juntian , Sijbren Otto
Published: November 2023

Copying information is vital for life's propagation. Current life forms maintain a low error rate in replication using complex machinery to prevent and correct errors. However, primitive life had to deal with higher error rates, limiting its ability to evolve. Discovering mechanisms to reduce errors would alleviate this constraint. Here, we introduce a new mechanism that decreases error rates and corrects errors in synthetic self-replicating systems driven by self-assembly. Previous work showed that macrocycle replication occurs through the accumulation of precursor material on the sides of the fibrous replicator assemblies. Stochastic simulations now reveal that selective precursor binding to the fiber surface enhances replication fidelity and error correction. Centrifugation experiments show that replicator fibers can exhibit the necessary selectivity in precursor binding. Our results suggest that synthetic replicator systems are more evolvable than previously thought, encouraging further evolution-focused experiments.
An Anode-Free Sodium All-Solid-State Battery
Authors: Deysher Grayson , Oh Jin An Sam , Chen Yu-Ting , Sayahpour Baharak , Ham So-Yeon , Cheng Diyi , Ridley Phillip , Cronk Ashley , Lin Sharon Wan-Hsuan , Qian Kun , Nguyen Long Hoang Bao , Jang Jihyun , Meng Ying Shirley
Published: November 2023

Anode-free batteries possess the optimal cell architecture due to their reduced weight, volume, and cost. However, their implementation has been limited by unstable anode morphological changes and anode-liquid electrolyte interface reactions. An electrochemically stable solid electrolyte can solve these issues by enabling the deposition of dense sodium metal. Furthermore, a novel type of aluminum current collector can achieve intimate solid-solid contact with the solid electrolyte which allows highly reversible sodium plating and stripping at both high areal capacities and current densities, previously unobtainable with conventional aluminum foil. A sodium anode-free all-solid-state battery full-cell is demonstrated with stable cycling for several hundred cycles. This cell architecture serves as a future direction for other battery chemistries to enable low-cost, high-energy-density, and fast charging batteries.
Enhancer-driven 3D chromatin domain folding modulates transcription in human mammary tumor cells
Authors: Kocanova Silvia , Raynal Flavien , Goiffon Isabelle , Oksuz Betul Akgol , Baú Davide , Kamgoué Alain , Cantaloube Sylvain , Zhan Ye , Lajoie Bryan , Marti-Renom Marc A , Dekker Job , Bystricky Kerstin
Published: November 2023

The genome is organized in functional compartments and structural domains at the sub-megabase scale. How within these domains interactions between numerous cis-acting enhancers and promoters regulate transcription remains an open question. Here, we determined chromatin folding and composition over several hundred kb around estrogen-responsive genes in human breast cancer cell lines after hormone stimulation. Modeling of 5C data at 1.8 kb resolution was combined with quantitative 3D analysis of multicolor FISH measurements at 100 nm resolution and integrated with ChIP-seq data on transcription factor binding and histone modifications. We found that rapid estradiol induction of the progesterone gene expression occurs in the context of preexisting, cell type-specific chromosomal architectures encompassing the 90 kb progesterone gene coding region and an enhancer-spiked 5′ 300 kb upstream genomic region. In response to estradiol, interactions between estrogen receptor α (ERα) bound regulatory elements are reinforced. Whereas initial enhancer–gene contacts coincide with RNA Pol 2 binding and transcription initiation, sustained hormone stimulation promotes ERα accumulation creating a regulatory hub stimulating transcript synthesis. In addition to implications for estrogen receptor signaling, we uncover that preestablished chromatin architectures efficiently regulate gene expression upon stimulation without the need for de novo extensive rewiring of long-range chromatin interactions.
PENGGUNAAN WEBSITE APPSHEET SEBAGAI TEMU BALIK ARSIP INAKTIF FOTO DI DINAS PERPUSTAKAAN DAN KEARSIPAN KABUPATEN PONOROGO
Authors: Sitaviana Silvi , Husna Jazimatul , Irawati Yayuk Endang , Indrahti Sri
Published: November 2023

Information is an important part of communication between individuals and groups. Information is closely related to archive search. Archive searching is an important part of archive editing because searching allows researchers to find important information in archives. Based on the results of an archive search survey at one of the archival institutions, namely the Ponorogo Regency Library and Archives Service, archive searches are still limited through Microsoft Excel and there are no other innovations. Seeing current technological developments, researchers offer solutions for searching archives through the AppSheet website at the Ponorogo Regency Library and Archives Service. The purpose of this study, among others, is to find out how to use the AppSheet website, use the AppSheet website in related agencies, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of the AppSheet website. The research method in this study is a qualitative method through interviews and observation. The informants in this study were 4 archivists in related agencies. The results of the study show that how to use the AppSheet website consists of 22 steps. How to use the AppSheet website in related agencies include: 1) The features provided are quite easy to use. 2) Retrieval components that are fulfilled include: users, queries, documents, and matching. 3) The description is complete. 4) The retrieval step is quite easy. 5) Available metadata include: processing unit, file number, file number, description of archive information, time period, and amount. 6) Obstacles in the operation of the AppSheet website as a retrieval of inactive photo archives so far not all users can access and cannot be operated offline. 7) The solution for operating the AppSheet website as a retrieval of inactive photo archives is that later users who really need access to these inactive photo archives will be allowed to view them to get information to support their final thesis or assignment. In addition, active photos need to be placed on a flash disk to back up data. 8) There is no comparison with other applications. 9) Criticism and suggestions follow technology and regulatory developments in politics and law and features are added. Disadvantages of the AppSheet website include: users must understand technology and need to share links so that other users can access them. The advantages: increasing efficiency, effectiveness, presentation of information, when it is static it can be accessed by the public.

  

Keywords: Inactive Photo Archive Retrieval, AppSheet Website, Ponorogo District Library and Archives Service.

  

  

  