bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Politics of Monumentalizing Trauma: Visual Use of Martyrdom in the Memorialization of the Iraq-Iran War
Authors: Zietlow Nina
Published: October 2020

This poster focuses on three mediums of commemoration: the monument, the memorial, and the museum as tools of state-sanctioned memory creation, and thereby spaces for politicized rituals of memory which further state-building projects. Specifically, during and after The Iran-Iraq war (1980-88) the al-Shaheed Monument (1983), and the Victory Arch (1989) in Baghdad and the Martyrs’ Museum (1996) in Tehran functioned as politically strategic representations of collective trauma. Both the Ba'ath party in Iraq and the emerging Islamic Republic in Iran used these sites to render and politicize memories of violence and loss. Despite obvious differences, the projects in Baghdad and Tehran appealed to a need to address national trauma while bolstering idealized images of statehood. The Ba'athist party under Saddam Hussein capitalized on the collective trauma of the Iraq-Iran war to further a hegemonic Sunni identity, which was both religious and political. The use of immense scale, vulgar displays of power, and Islamic imagery in both the al-Shaheed Monument and Victory Arch linked Sunni and Ba'athist causes and allowed Hussein to characterize the Iran-Iraq War as a sacred project of national and religious vindication. Similarly, the Martyrs’ Museum in Tehran constructs a specific version of history using motifs of the Battle of Karbala, Imam Husayn, martyr and civilian deaths, and blood to tie Iranian national identity to ritualized Shia martyrdom. The Martyrs’ Museum parallels the religification of national identity as seen in Iraq, and configures death as a public, religiopolitical act. Despite Ba'athist Iraq's secular self-image, the strategic harnessing of trauma both Iraq and Iran demonstrates a constructed connection between political state hegemony, religious practice, and rituals of grief. In these ways, state propagated imagery through physical commemorations of the Iran-Iraq War furthered the political – and resulting religious – sectarian divide in the official positions of the two nations.
Locating Modern Arab Art: Between the Global Art Market and Area Studies
Authors: Bahoora Haytham
Published: October 2020

This essay situates the publication ofModern Art in the Arab World: Primary Documentsin the context of an expanding global interest in modern Arab art as well as the study of modern Arab art as an academic discipline. The essay first examines the implications of the cultivation of a new museum and gallery infrastructure for modern Arab art in the Arab Gulf. It then considers how the academic study of modern Arab art has faced institutional barriers, due largely to the overwhelming academic focus on Ancient Studies and Islamic art. Finally, it suggests thatModern Arab Art in the Arab Worldprovides scholars with a comprehensive textual archive that calls for a historicized approach to theorizing the emergence of modernist aesthetics in Arab visual cultures.
On Language and Modern Art: A Reflection
Authors: Lenssen Anneka , Shabout Nada , Rogers Sarah
Published: October 2020

This essay, written collectively by the co-editors of the publicationModern Art in the Arab World: Primary Documents(2018), provides an account of the book's conception, institutional backing, and multi-year process of research and editing. The authors reflect in particular on the translational politics that obtain in the global art world and the museum sector as well as the academic study of the modern Middle East.
Locating Primary Documents: Global Modernism and the Archival Turn
Authors: Auji Hala
Published: October 2020

This essay considers the contribution of Anneka Lenssen, Sarah Rogers, and Nada Shabout'sModern Art in the Arab World: Primary Documentsto global art history. In particular, the essay addresses the archival turn, the challenges of language and translations in the publication of primary sources, and the continued need to challenge Eurocentric views of and approaches to global modernism. This includes considering howModern Art and the Arab World'scontributions aim to upend Western preconceptions about modern art from the “Arab world,” and demonstrating how such publications can serve as sources for critical evaluations and reconsiderations of the history of global modernism in general.
Temür, Painter of Politics
Authors: Ghanimian Levon
Published: October 2020

Persia in the post-Mongol era is an ambiguous concept. The area is riddled with different ethnicities, religions, and seemingly endless claims to power. The Timurid Empire is no exception to this trend. Temür rises to power in 1370 using Central Asian nomadic styles of ruling and quickly dominates this geographic region inhabited by a plethora of ethnicities and religions. He understands the volatility of maintaining a large, diverse empire and takes key steps in securing his “united” rule. The key political move that this paper examines is Temür's commissioning of art. The art endorsed by the Timurid government surrounds the illumination of manuscripts and the illustration of literature. The Timurids conveyed two main messages to those living under their empire. The first message targets the main ethnic groups: Iranians, Mongols and Turks, justifying Temür as their rightful leader. The second message is delivered to the ethnic minorities, instilling fear to prevent rebellions and ensure subjugation. This paper will demonstrate that the Timurids decided to present political messages through cultural media because they understood the how literature and art were imperative in shaping identity.
How I do it: a simulator of the ear for developing otomicroscopy skills during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic
Authors: Shenton C , Aucott W
Published: October 2020

Objective

To develop a simulator of the external auditory canal and tympanic membrane that enables surgical trainees to practise their otomicroscopy skills, which is particularly valuable at a time where there is limited patient contact because of the coronavirus disease 2019 lockdown.

Methods

A simulator of the external auditory canal and tympanic membrane was made using a cardboard bowl, a 2 ml syringe and a latex glove. The simulator was used to practise otomicroscopy skills, including microsuction, foreign body removal, myringotomy and grommet insertion. Five doctors in the ENT department participated, ranging from core surgical training year two doctor to specialty doctor.

Results

The simulator provides an effective tool on which surgical trainees can practise, develop and maintain a variety of otomicroscopy skills.

Conclusion

This inexpensive, easy and quick-to-make simulator enables trainees to practise their otomicroscopy skills on an approximately accurate model during a time when there is minimal clinical opportunity to develop these skills, particularly because of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.
Using age difference and sex similarity to detect evidence of sibling influence on criminal offending
Authors: Mikkonen Janne , Savolainen Jukka , Aaltonen Mikko , Martikainen Pekka
Published: October 2020

Background

Sibling resemblance in crime may be due to genetic relatedness, shared environment, and/or the interpersonal influence of siblings on each other. This latter process can be understood as a type of ‘peer effect’ in that it is based on social learning between individuals occupying the same status in the social system (family). Building on prior research, we hypothesized that sibling pairs that resemble peer relationships the most, i.e., same-sex siblings close in age, exhibit the most sibling resemblance in crime.

Methods

Drawing on administrative microdata covering Finnish children born in 1985–97, we examined 213 911 sibling pairs, observing the recorded criminality of each sibling between ages 11 and 20. We estimated multivariate regression models controlling for individual and family characteristics, and employed fixed-effects models to analyze the temporal co-occurrence of sibling delinquency.

Results

Among younger siblings with a criminal older sibling, the adjusted prevalence estimates of criminal offending decreased from 32 to 25% as the age differences increased from less than 13 months to 25–28 months. The prevalence leveled off at 23% when age difference reached 37–40 months or more. These effects were statistically significant only among same-sex sibling pairs (p < 0.001), with clear evidence of contemporaneous offending among siblings with minimal age difference.

Conclusions

Same-sex siblings very close in age stand out as having the highest sibling resemblance in crime. This finding suggests that a meaningful share of sibling similarity in criminal offending is due to a process akin to peer influence, typically flowing from the older to the younger sibling.
Impact of Pacemakers and Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators on the Psychosocial Functioning of Paediatric Patients
Authors: Bozat Ali Dinc , Akgül Sinem , Ertugrul İlker , Karagoz Tevfik
Published: October 2020

Although implanted cardiac devices improve patients’ physical health, long-term psychosocial effects especially in the paediatric population are still unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate the psychosocial effects of cardiac devices in a paediatric population.

Pediatric Quality of Life Questionnaire (PedsQoL) was used to evaluate life quality, Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale was used to evaluate resilience and Brief Symptom Inventory was used to evaluate psychiatric symptoms in a paediatric population with cardiac devices.

Seventy-one patients were enrolled in the study. Fifty of them (70.5%) had a cardiac pacemaker and 21 of them (29.5%) had implantable cardioverter defibrillator. When compared to the control group both implantable cardioverter defibrillator and pacemaker using patients had lower quality of life (79.5 ± 12.4 versus 86.7 ± 12.1, p = 0.001) but no difference was observed in resilience and psychological pathologies. Age, gender, family size, and education level had no effect on quality of life. Implantable cardioverter defibrillator bearing patients had higher levels of anxiety than pacemaker patients (0.58 versus 0.30 p = 0.045), and implantable cardioverter defibrillator patients who had received shock in the last year had higher levels of somatisation than the group that did not receive device shock (0.17 versus 0.44 p = 0.022).

In conclusion study showed that cardiac devices have negative effects on the psychosocial health of children. Cardiologist working with these patients should be aware of these pathologies and monitor not only physical health but also psychosocial health too.
Tumour control probability of a UK cohort of lung SABR patients
Authors: Marsden J. E.
Published: October 2020

Aims:

The aim of this work is to report on the tumour control probability (TCP) of a UK cohort of lung stereotactic ablative radiotherapy patients (n = 198) for a range of dose and fractionations common in the UK.

Materials and methods:

TCP values for 3 (54 Gy), 5 (55 and 60 Gy) and 8 (50 Gy) fraction (#) schemes were calculated with the linear-quadratic Marsden TCP model using the Biosuite software.

Results:

TCP values of 100% were computed for the 3 # and for 5 # (α/β = 10 Gy) cohorts; reduced to 99% (range 97–100) for the 5 # cohort only when an α/β of 20 Gy was used. The average TCP value for the 50 Gy in 8 # regime was 97% (range 92–99, α/β = 10 Gy) and 64% (range 48–79, α/β = 20 Gy). Statistical significant differences were observed between the α/β of 10 Gy versus 20 Gy groups and between all data grouped by fraction.

Conclusion:

TCPs achievable with current planning techniques in the UK have been presented. The ultra-conservative 50 Gy in 8 # scheme returns a significantly lower TCP than the other regimes.
TRACTARIAN LOGICISM: OPERATIONS, NUMBERS, INDUCTION
Authors: LANDINI GREGORY
Published: October 2020

In his Tractatus, Wittgenstein maintained that arithmetic consists of equations arrived at by the practice of calculating outcomes of operations$\Omega ^{n}(\bar {\xi })$defined with the help of numeral exponents. Since$Num$(x) and quantification over numbers seem ill-formed, Ramsey wrote that the approach is faced with “insuperable difficulties.” This paper takes Wittgenstein to have assumed that his audience would have an understanding of the implicit general rules governing his operations. By employing the Tractarian logicist interpretation that theN-operator$N(\bar {\xi })$and recursively defined arithmetic operators$\Omega ^{n}(\bar {\xi })$are not different in kind, we can address Ramsey’s problem. Moreover, we can take important steps toward better understanding how Wittgenstein might have imagined emulating proof by mathematical induction.
Caring forpobres dementes:Madness, Colonization, and the Hospital de San Hipólito in Mexico City, 1567–1700
Authors: Ramos Christina
Published: October 2020

This article examines the early history of the Hospital de San Hipólito in Mexico City, which delivered charitable care and basic medical services to a vulnerable category of colonial subjects known as “pobres dementes,”or mad paupers. In spite of the vast and robust literature on the history of madness and its institutions, surprisingly little is known about this institution, which, founded in 1567, holds a claim to being the first hospital of the Americas to specialize in the care and custody of the mentally disturbed. The article draws on archival sources and biographies of the hospital's founder to reconstruct San Hipólito's origins, activities, patient population, and interior life. It asks how the hospital registered the transfer and adaptation of institutions, ideas, and practices from the Old World to the New. It argues, ultimately, that San Hipólito served as an imperfect tool of colonial governance—and that it did so less through exerting control over a multiracial, recalcitrant, and marginal group of colonial society than through the reproduction of charitable practices and ideas that lent legitimacy to Catholicism and Hapsburg models of paternal authority.
Biggest Risk to Surface Water After a Wildfire? It’s Complicated
Authors: Sever Megan
Published: October 2020

Whether you’re considering short-term or long-term changes to water quality after a wildfire, scientists agree that sedimentation is a big concern.
Discovery of Reidite in the Lunar Meteorite Sayh al Uhaymir 169
Authors: Xing Weifan , Lin Yangting , Zhang Chi , Zhang Mingming , Hu Sen , Hofmann Beda A. , Sekine Toshimori , Xiao Long , Gu Lixin
Published: October 2020

An exceedingly small number of high‐pressure polymorphs have been discovered in lunar samples. This situation does not seem to reconcile with the prolonged, intense bombardment of the lunar surface, which should produce suitable conditions for the formation of such polymorphs. Here we report the discovery of reidite, a high‐pressure polymorph of ZrSiO4 with scheelite structure in lunar meteorite Sayh al Uhaymir (SaU) 169. The reidite occurs mainly as lamellae hosted within zircon, likely corresponding to a deviatoric‐dominated transformation. The presence of reidite in the regolith portion of SaU 169 indicates a narrow temperature and pressure path constrained by the phase stability under low pressure and suggests heterogeneous shock features in the porous lunar regolith where the ambient temperature increases much higher than that in compact rocks. The inventory of high‐pressure polymorphs might be restricted by such unusual cooling processes lunar samples experienced.
Vertical Inhomogeneity Effect of Frozen Hydrometeor Habits in All‐Sky Passive Microwave Simulations
Authors: Xie Hejun , Bi Lei , Han Wei , Wang Jincheng
Published: October 2020

In this study, we attempted to address the frozen hydrometeor habit vertical inhomogeneity (FHHVI) effects on microwave radiative transfer simulations. For simplification, we focused on a “two habits and two layers” FHHVI scheme in which two different ice habits can be assumed to be above and below a fixed habit boundary line of 325 hPa as suggested by studies of tropical cyclone vertical structure. The aforementioned FHHVI scheme was implemented into a radiative transfer for the Television Infrared Observation Satellite (TIROS) operational vertical sounder (RTTOV), which allows for close examination of the FHHVI effect on the radiative transfer process. Four scenarios (thin plate, dendrite, thin plate over dendrite, and dendrite over thin plate) were considered in the simulations at frequencies ranging from 10 to 183 GHz. We found that FHHVI has an obvious impact on the brightness temperature (BT) simulations. For real case studies, we considered the 2018 tropical cyclone Jebi in the Western Pacific basin. The hydrometeor profiles forecasted by the Global/Regional Assimilation and Prediction System (GRAPES) regional numerical weather prediction (NWP) model were used, and the simulated results were compared with observations from the instruments aboard on the Fengyun‐3D satellite, which recorded 61 overpasses during the life span of typhoon Jebi. We found that the overall performance of the BT simulations over multichannels could be improved by considering FHHVI effects. Specifically, the total penalty values that quantify the spectral consistency were 63.05 (dendrite), 43.88 (thin plate), 46.23 (dendrite over thin plate), and 39.03 (thin plate over dendrite), respectively.
Evolution of the Oligotrophic West Pacific Warm Pool During the Pliocene‐Pleistocene Boundary
Authors: Bali Himanshu , Gupta Anil K. , Mohan Kuppusamy , Thirumalai K. , Tiwari Sameer K. , Panigrahi Mruganka K.
Published: October 2020

This study investigates the development of oligotrophic conditions, thickening, and zonal and meridional contraction of the West Pacific Warm Pool (WPWP) during the Pliocene. It has been hypothesized that the evolution of the WPWP and the establishment of strong equatorial Pacific zonal gradients are closely related to the narrowing of the Indonesian Gateway (IG) as well as the closure of the Central American Seaway (CAS). However, the timing of the development of these events remains unclear. Here we report Pliocene‐to‐Recent relative abundances of planktic foraminifera at Deep Sea Drilling Project (DSDP) Site 214 in the eastern Indian Ocean and at Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Site 807, in the western Pacific. A comparison of the abundance of mixed‐layer species (MLS) from both sites indicates a pronounced increase in their population between ~3.15 and 1.6 Ma. There is a contemporaneous decrease in the Globigerinita glutinata population during this time, which together with the MLS data suggest the development of oligotrophic conditions in the western tropical Pacific. Our data suggest that the oligotrophic WPWP, resembling present‐day conditions, developed around 3.15 Ma and was closely linked to the gradual constriction of the IG.
SPATA33 is an autophagy mediator for cargo selectivity in germline mitophagy
Authors: Zhang Ying , Xu Xu , Hu Mengxin , Wang Xin , Cheng Hanhua , Zhou Rongjia
Published: October 2020

Selective autophagic degradation of mitochondria (mitophagy) is important in maintaining proper cellular homeostasis. Here, we found that SPATA33 is a novel autophagy mediator for mitophagy in testis. The SPATA33 protein localizes on mitochondria via its binding of the carboxyl terminal with the outer mitochondrial membrane protein VDAC2. Upon starvation induction, SPATA33 is recruited to autophagosome by binding the autophagy machinery ATG16L1 via its N-terminal along with mitochondria. Notably, Spata33 knockout inhibited autophagy and overexpression can promote autophagosome formation for mitochondrial sequestration. Therefore, SPATA33 confers selectivity for mitochondrial degradation and promotes mitophagy in male germline cells.
Simultaneous BOLD-fMRI and constant infusion FDG-PET data of the resting human brain
Authors: Jamadar Sharna D. , Ward Phillip G. D. , Close Thomas G. , Fornito Alex , Premaratne Malin , O’Brien Kieran , Stäb Daniel , Chen Zhaolin , Shah N. Jon , Egan Gary F.
Published: October 2020

Simultaneous [18 F]-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography and functional magnetic resonance imaging (FDG-PET/fMRI) provides the capability to image two sources of energetic dynamics in the brain – cerebral glucose uptake and the cerebrovascular haemodynamic response. Resting-state fMRI connectivity has been enormously useful for characterising interactions between distributed brain regions in humans. Metabolic connectivity has recently emerged as a complementary measure to investigate brain network dynamics. Functional PET (fPET) is a new approach for measuring FDG uptake with high temporal resolution and has recently shown promise for assessing the dynamics of neural metabolism. Simultaneous fMRI/fPET is a relatively new hybrid imaging modality, with only a few biomedical imaging research facilities able to acquire FDG PET and BOLD fMRI data simultaneously. We present data for n = 27 healthy young adults (18–20 yrs) who underwent a 95-min simultaneous fMRI/fPET scan while resting with their eyes open. This dataset provides significant re-use value to understand the neural dynamics of glucose metabolism and the haemodynamic response, the synchrony, and interaction between these measures, and the development of new single- and multi-modality image preparation and analysis procedures.
Assessment of the course of acute pancreatitis in the light of aetiology: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Bálint Emese Réka , Fűr Gabriella , Kiss Lóránd , Németh Dávid István , Soós Alexandra , Hegyi Péter , Szakács Zsolt , Tinusz Benedek , Varjú Péter , Vincze Áron , Erőss Bálint , Czimmer József , Szepes Zoltán , Varga Gábor , Rakonczay Zoltán
Published: October 2020

The main causes of acute pancreatitis (AP) are biliary disease, alcohol consumption, hypertriglyceridaemia (HTG) and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). The aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the effects of these aetiological factors on the severity and outcome of AP. Pubmed and Embase were searched between 01/01/2012 and 31/05/2020. Included articles involved adult alcoholic, biliary, HTG- or post-ERCP AP (PAP) patients. Primary outcome was severity, secondary outcomes were organ failures, intensive care unit admission, recurrence rate, pancreatic necrosis, mortality, length of hospital stay, pseudocyst, fluid collection and systematic inflammatory response syndrome. Data were analysed from 127 eligible studies. The risk for non-mild (moderately severe and severe) condition was the highest in HTG-induced AP (HTG-AP) followed by alcoholic AP (AAP), biliary AP (BAP) and PAP. Recurrence rate was significantly lower among BAP vs. HTG-AP or AAP patients (OR = 2.69 and 2.98, 95% CI 1.55–4.65 and 2.22–4.01, respectively). Mortality rate was significantly greater in HTG-AP vs. AAP or BAP (OR = 1.72 and 1.50, 95% CI 1.04–2.84 and 0.96–2.35, respectively), pancreatic necrosis occurred more frequently in AAP than BAP patients (OR = 1.58, 95% CI 1.08–2.30). Overall, there is a potential association between aetiology and the development and course of AP. HTG-AP is associated with the highest number of complications. Furthermore, AAP is likely to be more severe than BAP or PAP. Greater emphasis should be placed on determining aetiology on admission.
Comorbidity profile of patients with concurrent diagnoses of asthma and COPD in Germany
Authors: Akmatov Manas K. , Ermakova Tatiana , Holstiege Jakob , Steffen Annika , von Stillfried Dominik , Bätzing Jörg
Published: October 2020

The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of concurrent diagnoses of asthma/COPD and examine its full spectrum of comorbid disorders in Germany. We used nationwide outpatient claims data comprising diagnoses of all statutory health insurees (40+ years) in 2017 (N = 40,477,745). The ICD-10 codes J44 (COPD) and J45 (asthma) were used to identify patients. The odds of 1,060 comorbid disorders were examined in a case–control study design. Of all insurees, 4,632,295 (11%) were diagnosed with either asthma or COPD. Of them, 43% had asthma only, 44% COPD only and 13% both diseases. The prevalence of concurrent asthma/COPD was 1.5% with a slightly higher estimate among females than males (1.6% vs. 1.4%) and constant increase by age in both sexes. Comorbid disorders were very common among these patients. 31 disorders were associated with a strong effect size (odds ratio > 10), including other respiratory diseases, but also bacterial (e.g., mycobacteria, including tuberculosis) and fungal infections (e.g., sporotrichosis and aspergillosis). Patients with concurrent asthma/COPD suffer from comorbid disorders involving various body systems, which points to the need of a multidisciplinary care approach. Regular screening for common comorbid disorders may result in better clinical course and prognosis as well as improvement of patients’ quality of life.
Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and serum 1,3-β-d-glucan testing for invasive pulmonary aspergillosis diagnosis in hematological patients: the role of factors affecting assay performance
Authors: Weinbergerova Barbora , Kabut Tomas , Kocmanova Iva , Lengerova Martina , Pospisil Zdenek , Kral Zdenek , Mayer Jiri
Published: October 2020

Invasive fungal disease (IFD) early diagnosis improves hematological patient survival. Non-culture-based methods may reduce diagnostic time to identify IFD. As complex data on the value of 1,3-β-d-glucan (BDG) from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) compared to serum for the most frequent invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) diagnosis are scarce, particularly including evaluation of potential factors adversely affecting BDG assay, we provided prospective single-center analysis evaluating 172 episodes of pulmonary infiltrates with BDG detection in BALF and serum samples collected in parallel among hematological patients from 2006 to 2015. Proven and probable IPA were documented in 13.4% of the episodes. Sensitivity (SEN), specificity (SPE), positive and negative predictive value (PPV; NPV), and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) of the BDG assay using standard (80 pg/ml) cut-off for BALF were: 56.5%; 83.2%; 34.2%; 92.5%, and 6.5, respectively, and for serum were: 56.5%; 82.6%; 33.3%; 92.5%, and 6.2, respectively. The same BDG assay parameters employing a calculated optimal cut-off for BALF (39 pg/ml) were: 78.3%; 72.5%; 30.5%; 95.6%, and 9.5, respectively; and for serum (40 pg/ml) were: 73.9%; 69.1%; 27.0%; 94.5%, and 6.3, respectively. While identifying acceptable SEN, SPE, and DOR, yet low PPV of both BALF and serum BDG assay for IPA diagnosis, neither the combination of both materials nor the new optimal BDG cut-off led to significant test quality improvement. Absolute neutrophil count and aspirated BALF volume with a significant trend affected BDG assay performance. The BDG test did not outperform galactomannan assay.
Author Correction: Mapping QTLs conferring salt tolerance and micronutrient concentrations at seedling stage in wheat
Authors: Hussain Babar , Lucas Stuart James , Ozturk Levent , Budak Hikmet
Published: October 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
teiresias, a Fruitless target gene encoding an immunoglobulin-superfamily transmembrane protein, is required for neuronal feminization in Drosophila
Authors: Sato Kosei , Ito Hiroki , Yamamoto Daisuke
Published: October 2020

This study aims at identifying transcriptional targets of FruitlessBM (FruBM), which represents the major isoform of male-specific FruM transcription factors that induce neural sexual dimorphisms. A promoter of the axon-guidance factor generobo1carries the 16-bp palindrome motif Pal1, to which FruM binds. Our genome-wide search for Pal1-homologous sequences yielded ~200 candidate genes. Among these, CG17716 potentially encodes a transmembrane protein with extracellular immunoglobulin (Ig)-like domains similar to Robo1. Indeed, FruBM overexpression reduced CG17716 mRNA and protein expression. In thefru-expressing mAL neuron cluster exhibiting sexual dimorphism, we found that CG17716 knockdown in female neurons completely transformed all neurites to the male-type. Conversely, CG17716 overexpression suppressed male-specific midline crossing offru-expressing sensory axons. We renamed CG17716teiresias(tei) based on this feminizing function. We hypothesize that Tei interacts with other Ig superfamily transmembrane proteins, including Robo1, to feminize the neurite patterns in females, whereas FruBM repressesteitranscription in males.
A dinuclear porphyrin-macrocycle as efficient catalyst for the hydrogen evolution reaction
Authors: Jökel Julia , Schwer Fabian , von Delius Max , Apfel Ulf-Peter
Published: October 2020

A macrocyclic porphyrin complex comprising two nickel centres connectedviaredox mediating linkers gives rise to efficient HER catalysis.
Luminescent sensing of nitroaromatics by crystalline porous materials
Authors: Dutta Archisman , Singh Amita , Wang Xiaoxiong , Kumar Abhinav , Liu Jianqiang
Published: October 2020

Designing strategies for the syntheses of targeted luminescent MOFs, nanoparticle/MOF composites and COFs described and their application in sensing nitroaromatic compounds and explosives discussed.
The charge reduction rate for multiply charged polymer ions via ion–ion recombination at atmospheric pressure
Authors: Tamadate Tomoya , Higashi Hidenori , Hogan Christopher J. , Seto Takafumi
Published: October 2020

The charge reduction (recombination) rate of highly charged polyethylene glycol ions was estimated by continuum-Molecular dynamics simulation and compared with experimental IMS measurements.
S-Vacancy induced indirect-to-direct band gap transition in multilayer MoS2
Authors: Zhu Bingyu , Lang Junyu , Hu Yun Hang
Published: October 2020

Two-dimensional (2D) MoS2 has a tunable band structure.
Structure, electronic properties, morphology evolution, and photocatalytic activity in PbMoO4 and Pb1−2xCaxSrxMoO4 (x = 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5) solid solutions
Authors: Gomes E. O. , Gracia L. , Santiago A. A. G. , Tranquilin R. L. , Motta F. V. , Amoresi R. A. C. , Longo E. , Bomio M. R. D. , Andres J.
Published: October 2020

In this work PbMoO4 and Pb1−2xCaxSrxMoO4 (x = 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5) solid solutions have been successfully prepared, for the first time, by a simple co-precipitation method and the as-synthesized samples were subjected to a water-based reflux treatment.
Computational and experimental characterization of novel ultraviolet filters
Authors: Woolley Jack M. , Losantos Raúl , Sampedro Diego , Stavros Vasilios G.
Published: October 2020

Using a two-pronged computational and experimental approach to understand photochemistry and photophysics of nature-inspired UV filters.
Bending good beats breaking bad: phase separation patterns in individual cathode particles upon lithiation and delithiation
Authors: Santos David A. , Andrews Justin L. , Bai Yang , Stein Peter , Luo Yuting , Zhang Yuwei , Pharr Matt , Xu Bai-Xiang , Banerjee Sarbajit
Published: October 2020

This work elucidates the nature of spinodal decomposition, evidences fundamental differences in phase separation between lithiation and delithiation, and the highlights the role of chemomechanical coupling in shaping separation patterns.
Nanozyme's catching up: activity, specificity, reaction conditions and reaction types
Authors: Li Yuqing , Liu Juewen
Published: October 2020

The gaps and catching up strategies between nanozymes and enzymes in terms of their activity, specificity, physiological reaction conditions and biologically relevant reactions are critically reviewed.
Engineering the morphology of palladium nanostructures to tune their electrocatalytic activity in formic acid oxidation reactions
Authors: Pramanick Bulti , Kumar Trivender , Halder Aditi , Siril Prem Felix
Published: October 2020

Pd nanomaterials can be effective catalysts for the electrocatalytic formic acid oxidation reaction (FAOR) in fuel cells and their catalytic activity can be engineered by tuning the particle morphology.
Directional ultrafast charge transfer in a WSe2/MoSe2 heterostructure selectively probed by time-resolved SHG imaging microscopy
Authors: Zimmermann Jonas E. , Kim Young Duck , Hone James C. , Höfer Ulrich , Mette Gerson
Published: October 2020

Directional interlayer charge transfer in TMD heterostructure probed by time- and polarization-resolved second-harmonic imaging microscopy.
Palladium(ii) complexes bearing 1-iminothiolate-3,5-dimethylpyrazoles: synthesis, cytotoxicity, DNA binding and enzymatic inhibition studies
Authors: de Moura Thales Reggiani , Zanetti Renan Diego , Silva Debora Eduarda Soares , de Farias Renan Lira , Mauro Antonio Eduardo , Pereira José Clayston Melo , de Souza Aline Aparecida , da Silva Siqueira Fábio , de Souza Júdice Wagner Alves , Lima Mauro Almeida , Rocha Fillipe Vieira , Deflon Victor Marcelo , Vieira de Godoy Netto Adelino
Published: October 2020

This work describes the enzymatic inhibitory activity of four novel Pd(ii) complexes towards topoisomerase IIα and cathepsins B and L.In silicostudies agree well with the enhancedin vitrocathepsin B inhibition induced by compound4(58% at 10 μM).
Luminescent europium(iii) complexes based on tridentate isoquinoline ligands with extremely high quantum yield
Authors: Cai Zelun , Wei Chen , Sun Boxun , Wei Huibo , Liu Zhiwei , Bian Zuqiang , Huang Chunhui
Published: October 2020

Synthesis and characterization of two new lanthanide Eu(iii) complexes based on tridentate isoquinoline ligands with high luminescence efficiency, extended excitation wavelength and good thermal stability.
A rapid in situ synthesis of wide-spectrum CD@BaCl2 phosphors via anti-solvent recrystallization for white LEDs
Authors: Liang Jinhui , Yang Baozhen , Zhong Chu-Yao , Zhang Jilin , He Jin , Chen Yibo , Liu Zhao-Qing
Published: October 2020

A facile and rapid in situ recrystallization strategy that can anchor carbon dots in an inorganic barium chloride solid medium is applied to produce wide-spectrum hybrid CD@barium chloride phosphors that show good photoluminescence for WLED aplications.
A catalyst-free aqueous mediated multicomponent reaction of isocyanide: expeditious synthesis of polyfunctionalized cyclo[b]fused mono-, di- and tricarbazoles
Authors: Hu Zhongyan , Men Yang , Xu Zihao , Wu Tengteng , Xu Xianxiu , Tang Bo
Published: October 2020

A new multi-component reaction is developed for the synthesis of cyclo[b]fused mono-, di- and tricarbazoles from o-alkenyl arylisocyanides, aldehydes, and cyclic diketones in ethanol/water (1 : 1) as the solvent system.
Indole-based A–DA′D–A type acceptor-based organic solar cells achieve efficiency over 15 % with low energy loss
Authors: Chen Yu , Cao Rui , Liu Hui , Keshtov M. L. , Koukaras Emmanuel N. , Dahiya Hemraj , Zou Yingping , Sharma Ganesh D.
Published: October 2020

In order to increase the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of organic solar cells, developing high-performance non-fullerene small molecule acceptors is important for efficient charge generation and small energy loss.
Veränderung der Wahrnehmung männlicher Attraktivität im Alter durch Standard- oder männliche Gesichtsstraffung: 3D-Simulationsstudie eines neuen Facelift-Konzeptes für Männer
Authors: Leifeld Irini H. , Sorg Christian G.G. , Tilkorn Daniel J. , Steiert Andreas E. , Hauser Jörg , Sorg Heiko
Published: October 2020

Hintergrund Das Facelift ist mittlerweile der vierthäufigste ästhetische Eingriff beim Mann. Die Gesichtsalterung verläuft bei Männern und Frauen sehr unterschiedlich. Somit werden individuelle Techniken angewendet, da ein einheitliches Konzept für die operative Gesichtsstraffung beim Mann bisher fehlt. Ziel der Studie ist es, ein genderspezifisches, speziell für Männer entwickeltes Facelift-Konzept zu evaluieren.

Material und Methoden Frauen und Männer (je n = 10) wurden einem dreidimensionalen Gesichtsscan und einer anschließenden Simulation eines V-förmigen Liftvektors (Standardlift) und einem neuen Facelift-Konzept speziell für Männer in doppelter T-Form (Male Lift) unterzogen. In einer Online-Umfrage mit 262 Teilnehmern wurden sowohl die simulierten als auch die unveränderten Bilder präsentiert und die Attribute Männlichkeit, Weiblichkeit, Attraktivität und Jugendlichkeit abgefragt. Statistische Modelle wurden verwendet, um entsprechende Attribute der Straffungen sowie weitere Faktoren zu identifizieren und Unterschiede der Simulationen zu ermitteln.

Ergebnisse Verjüngende Veränderungen im Gesicht sind generell mit einer deutlichen Verbesserung der Attribute Jugendlichkeit und Attraktivität im Vergleich zu unveränderten Kontrollgesichtern verbunden. Wie erwartet führt ein Male Lift zur Maskulinisierung, während ein Standardlift zur Feminisierung führt; unabhängig vom Geschlecht der Probanden. Das Male Lift zeigte höhere Werte für das Attribut Attraktivität bei männlichen, ebenso wie das Standardlift bei weiblichen Probanden. Das für Frauen entwickelte und somit für Frauen auch besser geeignete Standardlift ist mit einer deutlich höheren Wahrscheinlichkeit für das Attribut Jugendlichkeit verbunden, während dies beim neu eingeführten Male Lift-Konzept nicht so stark ausgeprägt beurteilt wird.

Schlussfolgerung Das neue Facelift-Konzept für männliche Patienten ist signifikant mit den Merkmalen Männlichkeit und Attraktivität verbunden, während das für Frauen geeignete Standardlift mit deutlich höheren Bewertungen der Attribute Weiblichkeit und Jugendlichkeit einhergeht. Die Ergebnisse der SIMALIFT-Studie sind der erste Beweis für die Notwendigkeit einer differenzierteren, geschlechtsspezifischen Herangehensweise an ein Facelift.
Perspektiven hochschulexterner Interessenvertreter zur curricularen Implementierung eines Clinical Skills Lab in der Tiermedizin
Authors: Heimes Michel , Tipold Andrea , Dilly Marc
Published: October 2020

Gegenstand und Ziel Die simulationsbasierte Lehre hat in der tiermedizinischen Ausbildung weltweit immer mehr Bedeutung und ist mittlerweile in Form von Skills Labs ein fester Bestandteil an allen deutschen tiermedizinischen Bildungsstätten. Studierende und Dozierende der Stiftung Tierärztliche Hochschule Hannover (TiHo) zeigten eine gute Akzeptanz für den Aufbau und die curriculare Nutzung eines Clinical Skills Lab (CSL). Weiterführend sollen nun die Perspektiven hochschulexterner Interessenvertreter untersucht werden, um die Akzeptanz einer solchen Einrichtung unter klinisch tätigen Tierärzten/-innen zu erfassen. Zusätzlich werden durch die Befragung von Experten/-innen deren Erfahrungen bei der Implementierung eines CSL in die tiermedizinische Lehre berücksichtigt.

Material und Methoden Es wurden semistrukturierte Leitfadeninterviews mit Alumni der TiHo, mit leitenden Tierärzten/-innen verschiedener Kliniken und Praxen in Deutschland sowie mit leitenden Experten/-innen einiger der größten tiermedizinischen CSLs weltweit durchgeführt.

Ergebnisse Die Interviews zeigten einen Bedarf bei leitenden Tierärzten/-innen und Alumni nach einer Verbesserung der klinisch-praktischen Ausbildung von Tiermedizinstudierenden und die Befragten konnten sich vorstellen, dass die Lehre im CSL hierbei eine tragende Rolle spielen könne. Insgesamt plädierten die Teilnehmenden für eine verpflichtende Implementierung simulationsbasierter Lehre im Curriculum.

Schlussfolgerung Die Untersuchung legt nahe, dass die Ausbildung klinisch-praktischer Fertigkeiten von Studierenden der Tiermedizin laufend an die Anforderungen der klinischen tierärztlichen Berufstätigkeit angepasst werden sollte. Hochschulexterne Interessenvertreter scheinen den Einsatz eines CSL zur Verbesserung der entsprechenden Fertigkeiten zu unterstützen und eine weitergehende Implementierung in das Curriculum zu befürworten.
Lafora-Erkrankung bei einem Beagle – Diagnose und Therapie
Authors: Bart Karin , Kershaw Olivia , Gruber Achim D. , Deutschland Martin
Published: October 2020

Die Lafora-Erkrankung ist eine autosomal-rezessiv vererbte lysosomale Speicherkrankheit, bei der es zur Akkumulation neurotoxischer Glykogenprodukte überwiegend in Zellen des zentralen Nervensystems, aber auch anderer Organe kommt. Symptome in Form einer progressiven myoklonischen Epilepsie treten typischerweise um das 7. Lebensjahr auf. Eine ursächliche Therapie ist nicht möglich, zumindest anfänglich können die Symptome mit modernen Antiepileptika vermindert werden. Im vorliegenden Fall zeigte ein ca. 7-jähriger Beagle tagesformabhängige Faszikulationen, fokale und generalisierte Myoklonien bis hin zum kurzen tonisch-klonischen Krampfanfall. Die Symptomatik ließ sich durch Stress, Geräusche und Licht auslösen und verstärken. Zur Sicherung der klinischen Diagnose einer Lafora-Erkrankung wurden Proben aus Haut-, Leber-, Muskel- und Nervengewebe entnommen. In den Muskelbioptaten gelang der Nachweis der Lafora-typischen sarkoplasmatisch PAS-positiven, scholligen Ablagerungen. In den Bioptaten der anderen Gewebe fehlten die typischen Einschlüsse. Eine anfängliche Therapie mit Phenobarbital und Imepitoin war erfolglos. Durch die Therapie mit Levetiracetam konnten die klinischen Symptome deutlich reduziert werden. Zum Zeitpunkt der Manuskripterstellung, 2 Jahre nach Diagnosestellung, wies der 9-jährige Hund gelegentliche, stressinduziert gehäufte fokale Myoklonien auf. Zu einem Kollaps mit Seitenlage oder einem tonisch-klonischen Krampfanfall kam es nicht mehr.
Flash glucose monitoring in diabetic dogs: a feasible method for evaluating glycemic control
Authors: Zeugswetter Florian K. , Sellner Andrea
Published: October 2020

Gegenstand und Ziel Zur Reduktion der klinischen Symptome und zur Verhinderung von lebensbedrohlichen Komplikationen sind bei Hunden mit Diabetes mellitus individualisierte Behandlungsstrategien und regelmäßige Kontrollen notwendig. Sieben bis 14 Tage nach jeder Anpassung der Insulindosierung und danach monatlich wird das Erstellen von Blutglukose-Tagesprofilen empfohlen. Im Jahr 2016 wurde ein herstellerkalibriertes Gerät zur kontinuierlichen Glukosemessung als Alternative zur Messung mittels Glukometer vorgeschlagen. Ziel dieser Arbeit war, die Erfahrungen mit dieser neuen Technologie zusammenzufassen und zu zeigen, dass bereits die erste Messperiode in Kombination mit einfachen Regeln eine Verbesserung der glykämischen Kontrolle ermöglicht.

Material und Methoden Das elektronische Datensystem der endokrinen Einheit der Klinik wurde retrospektiv auf diabetische Hunde mit Flash-Glukose-Monitoring durchsucht. Bei multipler Sensorapplikation fand nur der erste Sensor Berücksichtigung. Die Aufzeichnungen von Tag A (1. Tag nach Sensorapplikation) wurden mit den Werten von Tag B (letzter Tag vor dem Sensorversagen) verglichen und alle Besitzer wurden gebeten, einen standardisierten Fragebogen auszufüllen.

Ergebnisse In die Studie wurden 24 Hunde mit einem Gewicht von 3,4 bis 36 kg eingeschlossen. Obwohl das Klickgeräusch bei der Platzierung des Sensors die meisten Hunde irritierte, beurteilten Anwender die Applikation als einfach und für die Hunde schmerzlos. Eine kurze Pause nach der lokalen Desinfektion und die Fixierung des Sensors mit einer Pinzette verhinderten ein vorzeitiges Ablösen des Sensors beim Wegziehen des Applikators. Obwohl bei 80 % der Hunde milde bis moderate Hautirritationen beobachtet wurden, waren 95 % der Besitzer mit dieser Form des Monitorings hoch zufrieden. Die mittleren und maximalen Glukosekonzentrationen (p = 0,043, p = 0,003) sowie die Glukosewerte ≥ 11,1 mmol/l (p = 0,032) nahmen von Tag A zu Tag B ab, während die Parameter der glykämischen Variabilität unverändert blieben.

Schlussfolgerung und klinische Relevanz Flash-Glukose-Monitoring ist eine praktikable, nebenwirkungsarme Methode mit hoher Besitzerzufriedenheit, mit der sich die glykämische Kontrolle bei diabetischen Hunden verbessern lässt.
Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia with Intrathoracic Renal Ectopia: Thoracoscopic Approach for a Complete Anatomical Repair
Authors: Mizzi Colin , Farrugia David , Choudhry Muhammad S.
Published: October 2020

Congenital diaphragmatic herniae (CDH) with associated intrathoracic ectopic kidneys are rare congenital anomalies, with a reported incidence of only 0.25%. The authors report a case of a 24-day-old baby girl who was diagnosed with a left-sided CDH on a chest X-ray taken for pneumonia. Computed tomography scan showed CDH hernia, containing small and large bowel and whole left kidney with adrenal gland. Thoracoscopic reduction in the bowel, kidney, and adrenal gland into the abdomen and primary closure of the defect was achieved with no complications. During investigation of the child, it was discovered that her maternal aunt had also had a left-sided congenital diaphragmatic hernia containing the kidney, which was treated via open surgery after birth; she subsequently developed renal cell carcinoma and required radical nephrectomy of that kidney during her third decade.
Radiosurgery for Sporadic Benign Synchronous Tumors of the Cerebellopontine Angle
Authors: Mindermann Thomas , Heckl Stefan
Published: October 2020

Background Synchronous cerebellopontine angle (CPA) tumors are a rare entity. Several publications refer to surgery for such tumors and their classification. Yet, there are no publications on upfront radiosurgery for synchronous CPA tumors.

Case Description The authors present two patients with sporadic synchronous benign CPA tumors who underwent upfront radiosurgery. One patient had two separate schwannomas of the CPA and the other had a schwannoma and a meningioma of the CPA. One patient underwent stepwise radiosurgery treating one tumor after another and the other patient underwent simultaneous radiosurgery for both tumors at the same time.

Conclusion Simultaneous and stepwise radiosurgery for synchronous CPA tumors seems to be safe and effective. There were no side effects or complications. To the best of our knowledge this is the first report on upfront radiosurgery for synchronous CPA tumors.
Removal of Ingested Magnetic Bodies via Laparoscopic Appendectomy
Authors: Dotlacil Vojtech , Frybova Barbora , Vyhnanek Martin , Zeman Lubos , Rygl Michal
Published: October 2020

Ingestion of a foreign body is a frequent diagnosis in the pediatric population. In a small percentage of cases, foreign bodies themselves are strong magnets, and swallowing of multiple magnetic bodies can lead to serious complications in the gastrointestinal tract. Two consecutive case reports of patients who swallowed two magnetic beads are presented. In both cases, the abdominal radiograph described two magnets in contact, one in the area of the left hypochondrium and one in the right hypogastrium. Attempts of endoscopic localization and removal were unsuccessful. Due to the failure of magnet progression, laparoscopic revision of the abdominal cavity was indicated in both patients on the 25th and 4th day after swallowing. Using the magnetic forces between the magnets and the laparoscopic instruments, the foreign bodies were localized in the appendix of the first patient and in the cecum of the other one. The magnets were extracted together with the removal of the appendix in both patients. This is one of the first articles describing the successful extraction of foreign magnetic bodies from the gastrointestinal tract via laparoscopic appendectomy.
Indian Society of Vascular and Interventional Radiology Expert Consensus Statements for Ablation in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Part II
Authors: Gupta Pankaj , Keshava Shyamkumar N. , Kalra Naveen , Chaluvashetty Sreedhara B. , Mukund Amar , Roy-Choudhury Shuvro H. , Baijal Sanjay Saran , Khandelwal Anubhav , Ananthashayana Venkatesh Hosur , R. Sathya Narayanan , Kulkarni Suyash S. , Shetty Nitin Sudhakar , Gupta Arun , Gupta Sanjay
Published: October 2020

Locoregional therapies play an important role in the management of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Percutaneous ablation is one of the most commonly employed nonsurgical methods for treating very early and early HCC. For small HCC, ablation is potentially curative and competes with surgical resection. The widespread availability and the spectrum of ablative techniques mandate uniform approach among interventional radiologists. Thus, it is desirable to have a consensus regarding various aspects of the liver ablation. This article represents a consensus document of the experts from the Indian Society of Vascular and Interventional Radiology involved in the care of patients with HCC. The statements are presented in two parts.