bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
مصادر الشكل المعماري وخصوصيتها في التعليم المعماري العراقي
Authors: AL-Dahwi Suha Hasan
Published: February 2020

ركزت العديد من الدراسات على مصادر الشكل في العمارة تبعا لاسس عديدة في التصنيف تدرجت من العمومية

الى خصوصية الموضوع حيث شملت الدراسات: نظريات الشكل، أنواع التصميم، محددات التصميم، التوجهات الفكرية  للتصميم ، انتمائية المصدر ، ودرجة مالوفية المصدر. مما نتج عن ذلك تعدد المصادر واختلافها تبعا لتلك الدراسات.  أن هذه التعددية في التوجهات حول مصادر الشكل المعماري وعدم وضوحها في التعليم المعماري العراقي بشكل  خاص أدى الى بروز مشكلة البحث وهي ( عدم وجود تصور واضح حول نوع المراجع المعتمدة (من فبل الطلبة)  اشتقاق الشكل المعماري في المدارس المعمارية العراقية). يهدف البحث الى تحديد إطار نظري شامل لطبيعة مراحع  الشكل المعماري عموما واستكشاف المراجع التي يعتمدها الطلبة في العراق خصوصا وتوضيح خصوصية التعليم فيما  يتعلق بموضوع البحث .  استنتج البحث تعددية المصادر المعتمدة من قبل الطالب المعماري بالنسبة للمشروع الواحد مما يؤكد الشمولية  الفكرية وغنى النتاج المعماري ، كما أظهرت النتائج مميزات الاشكال الناتجة . فضلا عن خصوصية التعليم  المعماري في المدارس المعمارية العراقية والمتعلقة بمصادر الشكل.

أوصت الدراسة باستثمار نتائج البحث في الممارسة التطبيقية وأهمية التواصل المعرفي بالنسبة للدروس النظريه

لغرض رفد الطلبة بالمعلومات النظرية ولتعزيز العمل التطبيقي حين قيامهم بعملية التصميم .
العقد المدبب في العمارة الاسلامية
Authors: Al - Maliki Kabila Fares
Published: February 2020

نجد العقد في العمارة الاسلامية، وفي مختلف ابنيتها ولاغراض نفعية وجمالية وحسية حتى صار رمزا من

تلك العمارة المتميزة وقرينا لها مما يجعل من دراسته امر غاية في الاهمية ...

رموز وقد درست العقد دراسات متنوعة بين وصفية وتوثيقية واثارية متناولة طرزه المختلفة وتواجده في الانماط

المختلفة من الابنية مؤكدة تنوعه وكونه سمة من سمات العمارة الاسلامية ومع تأكيد اغلب الدراسات على كون العقد  المدبب باربعة مراكز ابتكار عربي اسلامي تفوق في كثرة استخدامه على انواع العقود الاخرى الا اننا لم نعرف لماذا هذا العقد بالذات ؟ وكيف تحور عن العقد المدبب بمركزين ؟ لماذا ؟ وما هي اسباب ابتكاره ؟

تهدف دراستنا هذه الى البحث في المفاهيم التي كانت خلف ابتكار العقد المدبب في العمارة الاسلامية بشكل

تحليلي من حيث تتبع الاصول والبدايات واسباب الظهور وتعدد الطراز مع احتفاظها جميعا بوحدة الروح الاسلامية

الكامنة وراء الانماط والنماذج المعمارية والزخرفية فكانت دراسة تعبيرية العقد فلسفته وتاريخه وجماليته من اهم

مفردات البحث في محاولة الوصول الى جوهر هذا العنصر (العقد) ومكامنه والكشف عن القيم الجمالية والعقائدية

والفكرية التي ميزت ظهور هذا العنصر وتكراره.
E-Commerce marketing strategies in industry 4.0
Authors: Murdiana Ramdani , Hajaoui Zineb
Published: February 2020

The business transition process from conventional to digital forms causes companies to think about strategic steps to make the new business processes that are in it become sustainable. One way is to take advantage of technological developments in the era of industry 4.0 that change the way work is done from the conventional way towards digital technology by utilizing e-commerce. This research uses descriptive research method with a qualitative analysis approach. Data collection techniques in this study used primary data and secondary data approaches. Data obtained from research are empirical data. The methodology used in this study is a conceptual review, which is a method carried out by collecting data and information related to market potential, changes in consumer behavior and how to use e-commerce technology as an alternative solution in innovating marketing strategies with the aim to capture potential market potential. greater than. The results of the research resulted nine e-commerce strategies in the industry 4.0 era to achieve the goals of a business with challenges and high competitiveness in the e-commerce market, business people in industry 4.0 era can use 9 strategies to successful in this technological era, including; framing the market opportunity; formulating the marketing strategy; designing the customer experience; crafting the customer interface; designing the marketing program; leveraging customer information through technology; character and competent delegation; systemized market customers; and evaluating the marketing program.
Effect of light specters (red and blue) on two-potato varieties tissue (spunta and Agria)
Authors: Abughnia Elmundr , Hammud Salem , shaaban Ahmed , Keer Kheiry , shaheen Arij
Published: February 2020

This study was carried out in plant tissue culture laboratory which belong to bio technology research center in order to test the effect of raid and blue spectral light colors and white lighting as a control and white fluorescent lamps as a second control on plant growth stages while two potato variety ( Spunta , Agria) were used in this experiment . potato plant samples were collected and cultured in special jars contain MS media after being sterilized by Clorox solution in order to avoid the any contamination risk , while the culture stage of the explant started in sterilized condition in sited the hood cabinet, wherever the culture stage completed the cultured plants were placed in the growth room under controlled condition with raid , blue and normal light condition.
The obtained results showed that the wait normal color treatment was significantly higher than the other two treatments in plant length factor for the tow used potato variety, while for the number of leaves factor the results showed that the normal light color treatment was significantly higher than the other two treatments in plant number of leaves factor followed by raid color treatment in the two used variety Spunta and Agria while the Raid color treatment scored average of leaves (23.9, 23.3 ) leaf respectively.
Arquitectura y habitabilidad en el Multifamiliar para maestros de M. Pani y S. Ortega
Authors: Cruz-Petit Bruno , Leal-Menegus Alejandro , Pérez-Duarte Alejandro
Published: February 2020

El presente artículo estudia el edificio multifamiliar construido para los maestros universitarios en Ciudad Universitaria en 1952, diseñado por los arquitectos Mario Pani y Salvador Ortega. Edificio que ilustra de manera ejemplar la difusión de los ideales de la arquitectura moderna en México en cuanto a la vivienda colectiva se refiere. Nuestro objetivo es entender la interacción entre los planos materiales y sociales del edificio. Para ello, se realiza un diagnóstico arquitectónico del edificio en 2018, a la vez entrevistamos a algunos vecinos, los cuales proporcionaron una valiosa información sobre los cambios y las formas de habitar dichas viviendas a lo largo de varias décadas. Asimismo, recurrimos a los archivos de la propia universidad donde recopilamos información documental inédita sobre el edificio. A partir de lo anterior, discutimos las contradicciones de la obra (la ambigüedad de origen sobre el perfil de habitantes), así como las transformaciones permanentes en la conquista de la habitabilidad.
Análisis del diseño arquitectónico de casas hogares para la rehabilitación de personas con discapacidad, Cusco, Perú
Authors: Astete-Tupayachi Valeria , Vargas-Febres Carlos Guillermo
Published: February 2020

El presente artículo estudia los aspectos del diseño arquitectónico de centros de rehabilitación para personas con discapacidad, como las casas hogares, en la ciudad del Cusco. Esta investigación tiene como principal variable el diseño arquitectónico, su objetivo es analizar el diseño arquitectónico de las casas hogares para la rehabilitación de personas con discapacidad en condiciones de abandono en la ciudad del Cusco-2018. El enfoque del estudio fue mixto, cualitativo y cuantitativo; se utilizó el método de la observación directa y la extracción de datos, el cual posee un nivel exploratorio. Como instrumentos se usaron las entrevistas abiertas, encuestas y test para determinar datos precisos, los cuales fueron aplicados a pacientes adultos y niños que se encuentran en estado de abandono con un periodo de estadía mayor a 2 años en la casa hogar Madre Teresa de Calcuta. Como resultado se obtuvo que el 72.5% de los pacientes está insatisfecho con la comodidad, el equipamientos y la accesibilidad de la casa hogar donde habita, además de recibir sus terapias de rehabilitación. El 62.5% afirma que el lugar necesita mayor acondicionamiento, más iluminación natural y área de recreación. Por lo mismo resultó que el diseño de espacios amplios, accesibles y con técnicas adecuadas, mejoraría en un 75% el proceso de rehabilitación y en el menor tiempo posible el tratamiento culminaría.
Procesos sustentables en casa habitación
Authors: Camacho-Cardona Mario
Published: February 2020

En el presente artículo se explican los procesos sustentables que dan servicios de insumos para una casa habitación ubicada en un espacio urbano. Dichos servicios se han comprobado en su uso de manera continua durante 12 años interrumpidos con independencia de las redes de servicios urbanos de agua y electricidad. Sus diseños sustentables fueron inspirados en la naturaleza y sus aplicaciones operan en la vivienda con los siguientes alcances; Tratamiento de aguas pluviales para uso habitacional (cosecha de lluvia); Recirculación de aguas jabonosas para uso para inodoros; Captación de energía solar para generación de electricidad; Adecuación de confort climático a base de arquitectura pasiva solar para obtener áreas de calentamiento y enfriamiento; Captación de energía solar para calentamiento de agua; y Reflexiones solares conducidas a áreas oscuras por medio de ductos solares.
Aspectos fisiológicos y filosóficos en el diseño de la cognición para la configuración de sociedades de consumo
Authors: Marín Ulianov , Cid-Cruz Jorge Alberto
Published: February 2020

El presente artículo trata sobre la manera en que el Diseño actúa como recurso articulador y herramienta de mediación en la configuración de las estructuras culturales que se implican en la construcción de los elementos de identidad y conocimiento. A su vez, aborda la manera en que las nematologías y posturas ideológico-filosóficas de corte posmoderno limitan la aplicación social del Diseño a un mero controlador en función a “entrenar qué pensar”.

Se mencionan sólo los aspectos más relevantes en la fisiología de la cognición y no el proceso total, para ello se requieren de varios volúmenes en una investigación interdisciplinar que no es posible en este contexto.

En el aspecto metodológico, el trabajo se desmarca de las nematologías-posmodernas-especulativas e idealistas subjetivas para inscribirse en una crítica con bases científicas. También se delimita al Diseño en sentido histórico y en cuento a su función social, en la que es evidente el tipo de debate que se realiza en torno a esta actividad, su función como instrumento mediador y al mismo tiempo como recurso articulador en el diseño de la cognición, lo que se aterriza en la afirmación: “Cuando se consideran los procesos cognitivos humanos en los proyectos de diseño, surgen dos posibilidades: enseñar a pensar o entrenar qué pensar”.
La plataforma de la economía colaborativa Airbnb y su uso por la EDOCO de corte turístico en Cancún-México
Authors: May-Hernández Francisco José , Hernández-von Wobeser Lorena , Pool-Estrada Farid Alfonso
Published: February 2020

El objetivo del presente trabajo es analizar en qué medida los micro-emprendimientos de la economía doméstica complementaria de corte turístico están utilizando la plataforma de la economía colaborativa Airbnb para el caso de Cancún-México. La economía colaborativa se entiende como el fenómeno en el que las personas comparten sus “bienes subutilizados” por dinero o de manera gratuita con la ayuda del internet. Se presenta también el concepto de las EDOCO (Economía Doméstica Complementaria) como una alternativa de microemprendimientos que las familias llevan a cabo para complementar los ingresos de su hogar desde la informalidad. Se expone Airbnb como un ejemplo controversial de plataforma colaborativa del sector turístico que ha buscado conectar a los ofertantes de espacios para renta vacacional con los consumidores. En este trabajo se distingue, para el caso de Airbnb Cancún, los dos tipos de actores que usan la plataforma: aquellos que habitando su propiedad rentan sus áreas en desuso (EDOCO), representando el 8.88% de los casos revisados, versus el restante 91.2% que aparentemente no tienen activos subutilizados sino inversiones con fines de lucro. Por último, se ofrece una definición más amplia de las EDOCO que incluye las actividades de intercambio con mercados globales a partir de las plataformas colaborativas.
Role of School-Based Management (MBS)
Authors: Maman Mulya Karnama  , Depi Prihamdani
Published: February 2020

The development of Science and Technology has an impact on major changes that occur in the world of education. One of the fundamental changes in the world of education is at the management level, from central-based management to regional-based management. The method used in this paper is only based on literature review / literature, so to find out the role of implementing School-based Management (MBS) in teaching and learning in schools, will be reviewed and reviewed based on facts and opinions from experts who are competent in the field of education.
Global development features of demographic reproduction in light of theory of stages
Authors: Ďurček Pavol , Bleha Branislav
Published: February 2020

The main objective of the study is to verify and discover the relationship between the global character of human development and the development of demographic reproduction. In the paper we use the dataset of 194 countries from 1950, 1970, 1990 and 2010. We apply the frequently used human development index to describe the degree of overall development. We develop and apply the “index of development of demographic reproduction” as an indicator of development of demographic reproduction. We compare both the indexes. The second objective is to confront and face the demographic development with the theory of stages.
Pengaruh Vitamin D3 Terhadap Glukosa Darah Tikus Wistar Yang Dipapar Asap Rokok
Authors: Lolita Putri Nanda Utami  , Rusmini Hetti , Nurmalasari Yessi , Hermawan Dessy
Published: February 2020

Cigarettes are the biggest health problem around the world. Nicotine in cigarettes has been proved insulin receptor resistance and can reduce insulin secretion in pancreatic β cells, which causes an increase in blood glucose levels. One of the efforts to reduce blood glucose levels is to consume vitamin D3. Vitamin D3 is a prohormone that plays a role in metabolic functions in cells and repair functions of cells. Purpose: to know the effect of vitamin D3 toward glucose blood level of male Rattus norvegicus Wistar exposed by cigarette smoke. Methods: This research conducted with pure experimental pre- and post-test with control group design. The samples used were 24 male rats. The sample divided into four groups, including K1, K2, K3, and P1. K1, which is not exposed by cigarette smoke and not given of vitamin D3. K2 is a group exposed by cigarette smoke but not given vitamin D3. K3 is a group that is not exposed by cigarette smoke but given vitamin D3 a dose of 0.2 µgr /head. P1 is a group exposed by cigarette smoke and given a vitamin D3 dose of 0.2 µgr /head. Results: Paired T-test showed increased blood glucose levels that are meaningful (p<0,05) In groups K2 (p=0,018) and P1 (p=0,035). One-way Anova showed there were differences in blood glucose levels that are meaningful between groups (p=0,001). Statistical analysis Post Hoc LSD showed significant differences in group K1 with K2 (p=0,004), group K1 with K3 (p=0,038), group K1 with P1  (p=0,038), group K2 with K3 (p=0,000),  group K2 with P1  (p=0,004). Conclusion: Vitamin D3 can reduce fasting blood glucose levels of Rattus norvegicus exposed by cigarette smoke.
Transformative Language Use in and Beyond the Classroom with the Voice Story App
Authors: Wilks-Smith Naomi , Thong Li Ping
Published: February 2020

This paper describes the process of creating an app for languages informed by two key theoretical frameworks; the Framework-For-Action (FFA) (Hughes, Guion, Bruce, Horton, & Prescott, 2011) and the technological, pedagogical and content knowledge (TPACK) framework (Koehler & Mishra, 2009). Feedback from students throughout development informed the pedagogical and functional considerations which in turn supported the full development of the app. The app facilitates practical language use and contributes to language learner autonomy and self-access in and beyond the classroom.
Self-Assessment Surveys – A Tool for Independent Learning in Lower-tier Dependent Classrooms
Authors: Yamamoto Craig , Kinoshita Yoko
Published: February 2020

This project took place over an academic year, using self-assessment surveys as a unique tool for guiding students to engage in the learning process, with the goal of improving their motivation and overall awareness in second language studies. The participants (n=94) were first year students from a private Japanese university from the departments of Aerospace and Systems Engineering (n=11), Architecture (n=11), Computer Information Sciences (n=49), Life Sciences (13) and Mechanical Engineering (n=10). The surveys were bookended with two similar Likert-scaled questionnaires. The first was used as a baseline of participants’ initial beliefs, motivation and overall awareness regarding their L2 education, while the second was used as a comparison, through a paired sample T-test, to mark any changes. The self-assessment survey sought to elicit students’ knowledge and confidence in areas of vocabulary, use of English and usage of the target language, with a survey report given to everyone prior to unit assessments. The following is a report on the effect self-assessment surveys had on students’ motivation and overall awareness when used as a learning tool promoting autonomous learning for teachers and advisors wishing to empower students to take a more prominent role in their L2 education.
Effects of Ginkgolide B on the Proliferation and Apoptosis of Cervical Cancer Cells
Authors: Yiling Xu , Qingfeng Ma , Dejun Chen , Qing Yin , Wei Zhang
Published: February 2020

Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer among women worldwide. The treatment of cervical cancer mainly focused on surgery and radiotherapy, whereas the prognosis of invasive cervical cancer is still low. Ginkgo biloba is an ancient medicinal plant that has been used for decades to treat ischemic strokes and cognitive decline. Ginkgolide B, an active ingredient extracted from Ginkgo biloba, has multiple biological activities such as antioxidant, anti-apoptotic, and anti-inflammatory effects. Ginkgolide B has been found to have anti-tumor effects and inhibits the progression of multiple types of cancers. However, its potential role in cervical cancer is still unclear. In this study, we found that ginkgolide B suppresses the proliferation of cervical cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner. Ginkgolide B also induces cell cycle arrest and stimulates cell apoptosis by modulating the MAPK signaling pathway. We, therefore, present a novel and promising anti-tumor drug for the treatment of cervical cancer.
Curcumin Inhibits Pancreatic Cancer Progression via Down-Regulation of miR-21-5p
Authors: Junjian Li , Qigang Xu , Chonglin Tao
Published: February 2020

In this study, we investigated the role of curcumin in pancreatic cancer through the regulation of miR-21-5p. We first evaluated the expression of miR-21-5p in pancreatic cancer cells (ASPC-1) treated with different concentrations of curcumin. The results showed that curcumin effectively inhibited the expression of miR-21-5p in ASPC-1 cells in a dose-dependent manner. B cell translocation gene 2 was identified as a target gene of miR-21-5p. MiR-21-5p mimics could promote cell proliferation, migration, and invasion of ASPC-1, as well as decrease the expression of B cell translocation gene 2. Curcumin treatment inhibited cell proliferation, migration and invasion of ASPC-1, as well as increased the expression of B cell translocation gene 2. MiR-21-5p could reverse the inhibitory activities of curcumin on ASPC-1 cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. In conclusion, curcumin is capable of inhibiting the proliferation, migration and invasion of pancreatic cancer cells via down-regulating miR-21-5p-mediated B cell translocation gene 2.
Analisis Kebijakan Dividen Terhadap Nilai Intrinsik dan Nilai Pasar Perusahaan
Authors: Muktiadji Nusa , Felicia Felicia
Published: February 2020

Dividend policy is basically a company’s decision in determining how much net income wil be distributed to shareholders as dividend and how much will be retained. Dividend policy is able to influence intrinsic and  market value of a company. In this study, the proxy of dividend policy is Dividend Pay-out (DPO) as independent variable and intrinsic value as dependent variable with indicator that is multiplication result of Earning Multiplier (EM) and Company Market Value obtained from stock price data of LQ45 at closing price. The purpose of this study is to identify the relationship between variables, the influence of independent variable to dependent variable, and finally to measure how significant the influence of variable X to variable Y will be, dividend policy to intrinsic and market value of the company. This case study was conducted at PT Aneka Tambang Tbk. and PT Timah Tbk., both are mining company.

The results of this study are: 1) Dividend policy proxied by DPO has significant influence and relationship to the intrinsic value of PT Aneka tambang Tbk. But, at PT Timah Tbk., dividend policy to intrinsic value is not significant with alpha as high as 193.064, it’s due to the dividend policy does not influence the intrinsic value, but the intrinsic value is more influenced by EPS. 2) Dividend policy proxied by DPO has connection and fairly significant influence with the company’s market value at PT Aneka Tambang Tbk. But, at PT Tima Tbk., dividend policy to the company’s market value is not significant with alpha as high as 54.859, it’s due to the dividend policy does not influence the company’s market value, but the intrinsic value is influenced dominantly by the company’s market value. The result of the research shows that the dividend policy at PT Aneka Tambang Tbk has  impact on intrinsic and market value better than the dividend policy has impact on intrinsic and market value at PT Timah Tbk.

 

Keywords: dividend policy; intrinsic value; market value
DARI PRIMER KE ALTERNATIF: PERGESERAN HASRAT DENNY HARDY (From the Prime to the Alternative: the Shift of Denny Hardy’s Passion)
Authors: Nurfaidah Resti
Published: February 2020

AbstrakPergeseran hasrat kerap terjadi di dalam kehidupan manusia. Dalam makalah ini, data penelitian diarahkan hanya pada ketujuh cerpen karangan Hardy, terutama poin-poin yang berkaitan dengan pergeseran hasrat. Penelitian dibatasi pada dua batasan berkut, yaitu (1) tanda apa saja yang memicu pergeseran hasrat tersebut, dan (2) apa dampak yang terjadi dari pergeseran hasrat itu. Penelitian ini besifat kualitatif dan metode yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif komparatif. Pembahasan menggunakan konsep semiotika dari Pierce dengan pengembangan konsep oleh Suryolakosono. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya kasus-kasus pergeseran hasrat, baik terhadap benda nyata maupun abstrak.Kata kunci: pergeseran, hasrat, abstrak, alternatf, primer Abstract The shift of the passion was many times happened in human lifes. But, in this paper, data was focused on Hardy’s seven short stories, especially the points that related to desires shift. Research had been limited into the following these two limits: (1) what signs triggering the shift, and (2) what impact that appeared of the shift? This research was a qualitative and comparative descriptive analysis method. The exploration was lead to the concept of Pierce semiotics, then was well-developed by Suryolakosono. The results showed that there were cases of desire shift among human lifes on both real and abstract objects.Keywords: shift, passion, abstract, alternative, primary
Maritime trap-jaw ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Ponerinae) of the Indo-Australian region – redescription of Odontomachus malignus Smith and description of a related new species from Singapore, including first descriptions of males
Authors: Wang Wendy Y. , Yamada Aiki , Yamane Seiki
Published: February 2020

The maritime trap-jaw ant Odontomachus malignus Smith, 1859 is thought to be widespread throughout islands in the Indo-Pacific and parts of the Oriental realm. Because of its unique nesting preference for harsh littoral habitat and distinct morphology, O. malignus has usually been assumed to consist of only one species. We, however, describe a new species similar to O. malignus found in the mangroves of Singapore, Southeast Asia – Odontomachus litoralissp. nov. We find strong evidence of both species existing in (near) sympatry, and also distinct morphological differences between O. malignus and the new species. Additional complementary DNA evidence in the form of COI barcodes (313 bp) supporting putative species identification and delimitation is provided. Defining morphological characteristics for the O. malignus species group (nested within the larger O. infandus clade) are given in detail for the first time. The worker and queen castes of the new species are described; a redescription of the worker caste of O. malignus, based on specimens from Singapore and the Philippines in addition to the holotype, is also given. The males of both species are also described for the first time, including male genitalia. A preliminary key to most known species of the O. infandus group based on the worker caste is provided.
The fern-feeding genus Cuprina Sinev, 1988 (Lepidoptera, Stathmopodidae), new for Taiwan, with descriptions of two new species
Authors: Shen Zong-Yu , Hsu Yu-Feng
Published: February 2020

Two new species of Stathmopodidae are described from Taiwan: Cuprina atayalica Shen & Hsu, sp. nov., reared from larvae on Microsorum brachylepis, and C. insolita Hsu & Shen, sp. nov., reared from larvae on Tectaria subtriphylla and T. harlandii. Diagnostic characters for both species are provided. Larval host plants and the biology of the immature stages of both new species are documented.
Genetic analysis confirms the freshwater origin of the endemic Caspian sponges (Demospongiae, Spongillida, Metschnikowiidae)
Authors: Sokolova Agniya M. , Palatov Dmitry M. , Itskovich Valeria B.
Published: February 2020

The Caspian Sea is a unique inland brackish waterbody inhabited by highly endemic fauna. This fauna consists of species of both marine and freshwater origin. Some Caspian invertebrates cannot be confidently referred to as animals of either origin. The endemic monophyletic family of sponges, Metschnikowiidae, is among them. Although these sponges are considered as fresh water in the modern literature, no researcher has seen them alive for many years, and its status is actually unconfirmed. Here, we present the first photos ofMetschnikowia tuberculataGrimm, 1877 and report evidence for its freshwater origin based on analysis of ITS1 and ITS2 sequences and partial sequences of CO1 gene. According to the genetic analysis,M. tuberculatabelongs to the order Spongillida. We observed specimens of diverse appearance, but their spicule complement proved to be similar, and ITS sequences were identical. Thus, we conclude that they belong to the same species. The obtained results expand our knowledge about the dispersal ability of freshwater sponges.
Activation of the Intracellular Pattern Recognition Receptor NOD2 Promotes Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) Cell Apoptosis and Provides a Survival Advantage in an Animal Model of AML
Authors: Buteyn Nathaniel J. , Santhanam Ramasamy , Merchand-Reyes Giovanna , Murugesan Rakesh A. , Dettorre Gino M. , Byrd John C. , Sarkar Anasuya , Vasu Sumithira , Mundy-Bosse Bethany L. , Butchar Jonathan P. , Tridandapani Susheela
Published: February 2020

TLRs, a family of membrane-bound pattern recognition receptors found on innate immune cells, have been well studied in the context of cancer therapy. Activation of these receptors has been shown to induce inflammatory anticancer events, including differentiation and apoptosis, across a wide variety of malignancies. In contrast, intracellular pattern recognition receptors such as NOD-like receptors have been minimally studied. NOD2 is a member of the NOD-like receptor family that initiates inflammatory signaling in response to the bacterial motif muramyl dipeptide. In this study, we examined the influence of NOD2 in human acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells, demonstrating that IFN-γ treatment upregulated the expression of NOD2 signaling pathway members SLC15A3 and SLC15A4, downstream signaling kinase RIPK2, and the NOD2 receptor itself. This priming allowed for effective induction of caspase-1–dependent cell death upon treatment with muramyl tripeptide phosphatidylethanolamine (MTP-PE), a synthetic ligand for NOD2. Furthermore, the combination of MTP-PE and IFN-γ on AML blasts generated an inflammatory cytokine profile and activated NK cells. In a murine model of AML, dual treatment with MTP-PE and IFN-γ led to a significant increase in mature CD27− CD11b+ NK cells as well as a significant reduction in disease burden and extended survival. These results suggest that NOD2 activation, primed by IFN-γ, may provide a novel therapeutic option for AML.
Ezh2 Represses Transcription of Innate Lymphoid Genes in B Lymphocyte Progenitors and Maintains the B-2 Cell Fate
Authors: Jacobsen Jennifer A. , Bartom Elizabeth T. , Sigvardsson Mikael , Kee Barbara L.
Published: February 2020

Lymphocyte lineage specification and commitment requires the activation of lineage-specific genes and repression of alternative lineage genes, respectively. The mechanisms governing alternative lineage gene repression and commitment in lymphocytes are largely unknown. In this study, we demonstrate that Ezh2, which represses gene expression through methylation of histone 3 lysine 27, was essential for repression of numerous genes, including genes encoding innate lymphocyte transcription factors, specifically in murine B lymphocyte progenitors, but these cells maintained their B lymphocyte identity. However, adult Ezh2-deficient B lymphocytes expressed Lin28b, which encodes an RNA-binding protein associated with fetal hematopoietic gene expression programs, and these cells acquired a fetal B-1 lymphocyte phenotype in vitro and in vivo. Therefore, Ezh2 coordinates the repression of multiple gene programs in B lymphocytes and maintains the adult B-2 cell fate.
Table of Contents Vol 8, No 1 (2019)
Authors: Office Editorial
Published: February 2020

No abstracts available.
Alternative to xylene as a clearing agent in histopathology
Authors: Alwahaibi Nasar , Aljaradi Shaima , Alazri Horiyah
Published: February 2020

INTRODUCTION: Clearing is an essential step in processing tissue for light microscopy. Xylene is the clearing agent used most commonly worldwide. Xylene is toxic and therefore a threat to personnel working in histopathology laboratories. We evaluated a safer alternative clearing agent for use in the histopathology laboratory.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: We used 230 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue blocks from 19 different tissues. Half of the specimens were processed using xylene and half were processed using UltraClear™. Tissues were evaluated for eight parameters: sectioning, nuclear staining, cytoplasmic staining, overall cell morphology, clarity of staining, uniformity of staining, quality of immunohistochemistry (IHC), and cost.

RESULTS: Both UltraClear™ and xylene processed sections scored 100% for IHC. Sections processed using UltraClear™ were easy to cut (81.7%) as were xylene processed sections (96.5%). UltraClear™ processed sections showed 67%, 60.9%, 52.2%, 63.5%, and 67% for nuclear staining, cytoplasmic staining, cell morphology, clarity of staining, and uniformity of staining, respectively. UltraClear™ is twice as expensive as xylene. We found that tissues processed using UltraClear™ were easy to cut and worked well for both hematoxylin and eosin and IHC staining.

CONCLUSION: UltraClear™ is less toxic, less flammable, friendlier to the environment, and easy to handle, but it is two times expensive than xylene. The findings of this study recommend the use of UltraClear™ solution as a routine clearing agent in histopathology laboratories. However, further studies are required.
Hemolysis area: A new parameter of erythrocyte osmotic fragility for screening of thalassemia trait
Authors: Tatu Thanusak , Sweatman Denis
Published: February 2020

BACKGROUND: One-tube osmotic fragility test (OFT) is widely used for screening thalassemia traits. Interobserver variation may occur with 0.36% NaCl-based OFT due to the naked eye result reading style.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to establish and evaluate the novel numerical OFT-based parameter, so-called hemolysis area (HA), in screening thalassemia traits.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: The portable spectrophotometer was invented capable of calculating the HA values. The HA values were then compared among 69, 156, and 19 blood samples having positive, negative, and suspicious 0.36% NaCl-based OFT results, respectively; 109 and 135 blood samples having mean corpuscular volume (MCV) ≤80 fL and >80 fL, respectively; and 138 and 106 blood samples having mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) ≤27 pg and >27 pg, respectively. In addition, the HA values were compared in 166 blood samples having different globin gene genotypes. Finally, the HA cutoff value was determined by receiver operation curve (ROC) analysis.

RESULTS: The HA values in samples having positive, suspicious, and negative 0.36% NaCl-based OFT were 33.3 ± 14.4, 42.9 ± 10.5, and 65.3 ± 13.4, respectively; in sample having MCV ≤80 fL and >80 fL were 43.1 ± 19.6 and 63.8 ± 14.5, respectively; and in samples having MCH ≤27 pg and >27 pg were 46.7 ± 20.1 and 64.8 ± 14.2, respectively. The HA values in normal, hemoglobin E, SEA-a thalassemia 1, and β-thalassemia traits were 67.1 ± 12.6, 36.4 ± 13.9, 20.2 ± 4.8, and 18.6 ± 1.1, respectively. All were significantly different. ROC analysis established 52.4 as the HA cutoff that had comparable effectiveness to the conventional screening tests.

CONCLUSION: The new HA value was effective and could be an alternative choice for screening thalassemia traits.
Malignant melanoma of conjunctiva: Diagnosis on fine-needle aspiration cytology
Authors: Kishore Manjari , Kumar Vijay , Kaushal Manju
Published: February 2020

Malignant melanoma of conjunctiva is an uncommon malignancy. The diagnosis is suspected clinically and confirmed on pathological examination. We present a case of a 63-year-old female with previous history of pigmented lesion in the right eye and subsequently diagnosed as malignant melanoma of right conjunctiva and cornea on fine-needle aspiration cytology and histopathology.
Cytodiagnosis of Rosai–Dorfman disease masquerading as lymphoma: A case report with brief review of literature
Authors: Kishore Manjari , Gupta Prajwala , Ahuja Arvind , Bhardwaj Minakshi
Published: February 2020

Rosai–Dorfman disease (RDD) or sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy (SHML) is a self-limiting, benign histiocytic disorder. We report a case of RDD mimicking lymphoma clinically and cytologically in a 3-year-old male child. The present case highlights the importance of cytology in the diagnosis of RDD along with cytological features of other differential diagnoses.
Prevalence and types of preanalytical error in hematology laboratory of a tertiary care hospital in South India
Authors: Arul Pitchaikaran , Pushparaj Magesh , Pandian Kanmani , Chennimalai Lingasamy , Rajendran Karthika , Selvaraj Eniya , Masilamani Suresh
Published: February 2020

BACKGROUND: An important component of laboratory medicine is preanalytical phase. Since laboratory report plays a major role in patient management, more importance should be given to the quality of laboratory tests.

AIM: The present study was undertaken to find the prevalence and types of preanalytical errors at a tertiary care hospital in South India.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, a total of 118,732 samples ([62,474 outpatient department [OPD] and 56,258 inpatient department [IPD]) were received in hematology laboratory. These samples were analyzed for preanalytical errors such as misidentification, incorrect vials, inadequate samples, clotted samples, diluted samples, and hemolyzed samples.

RESULTS: The overall prevalence of preanalytical errors found was 513 samples, which is 0.43% of the total number of samples received. The most common preanalytical error observed was inadequate samples followed by clotted samples. Overall frequencies (both OPD and IPD) of preanalytical errors such as misidentification, incorrect vials, inadequate samples, clotted samples, diluted samples, and hemolyzed samples were 0.02%, 0.05%, 0.2%, 0.12%, 0.02%, and 0.03%, respectively.

CONCLUSION: The present study concluded that incorrect phlebotomy techniques due to lack of awareness is the main reason for preanalytical errors. This can be avoided by proper communication and coordination between laboratory and wards, proper training and continuing medical education programs for laboratory and paramedical staffs, and knowledge of the intervening factors that can influence laboratory results.
An Application of Spherical Geometry to Hyperkähler Slices
Authors: Crooks Peter , van Pruijssen Maarten
Published: February 2020

This work is concerned with Bielawski’s hyperkähler slices in the cotangent bundles of homogeneous affine varieties. One can associate such a slice with the data of a complex semisimple Lie group $G$, a reductive subgroup $H\subseteq G$, and a Slodowy slice $S\subseteq \mathfrak{g}:=\text{Lie}(G)$, defining it to be the hyperkähler quotient of $T^{\ast }(G/H)\times (G\times S)$ by a maximal compact subgroup of $G$. This hyperkähler slice is empty in some of the most elementary cases (e.g., when $S$ is regular and $(G,H)=(\text{SL}_{n+1},\text{GL}_{n})$, $n\geqslant 3$), prompting us to seek necessary and sufficient conditions for non-emptiness.

We give a spherical-geometric characterization of the non-empty hyperkähler slices that arise when $S=S_{\text{reg}}$ is a regular Slodowy slice, proving that non-emptiness is equivalent to the so-called $\mathfrak{a}$-regularity of $(G,H)$. This $\mathfrak{a}$-regularity condition is formulated in several equivalent ways, one being a concrete condition on the rank and complexity of $G/H$. We also provide a classification of the $\mathfrak{a}$-regular pairs $(G,H)$ in which $H$ is a reductive spherical subgroup. Our arguments make essential use of Knop’s results on moment map images and Losev’s algorithm for computing Cartan spaces.
SNC Log Symplectic Structures on Fano Products
Authors: Okumura Katsuhiko
Published: February 2020

This paper classifies Poisson structures with the reduced simple normal crossing divisor on a product of Fano varieties of Picard number 1. The characterization of even-dimensional projective spaces from the viewpoint of Poisson structures is given by Lima and Pereira. In this paper, we generalize the characterization of projective spaces to any dimension.
Interspecific Differences in the Metabolic Rate, Gill Dimension and Hematology of Fish in an Amazonian Floodplain Lake
Authors: Duncan Wallice P.
Published: February 2020

It has been hypothesized that respiratory physiology in fish is closely associated with ecological traits. Therefore, data on gill morphometrics (lamellae frequency, gill surface area and barrier thickness), metabolic rate (oxygen consumption) and blood oxygen capacity (hematology) were analyzed in several fish, including benthic, bentho-pelagic and pelagic species collected in an Amazon floodplain lake. Similar to other teleostean species, the 2nd and 3rd gill arches have numerous large filaments in both pelagic and benthic species, as these characteristics tend to increase the gill surface area. A large gill area (4 to 7 cm2 g-1, mass-specific) is associated with a high (100 to 300 mg O2 h-1 kg-1) routine oxygen consumption rate and has been observed in active pelagic swimmers, such as Cichla monoculus and Pygocentrus nattereri. Benthic dwelling fish (e.g., Pterygoplichthys pardalis and Sorubim lima) have low metabolic rates (20 to 50 mg O2 h-1 kg-1), small gill dimensions (2 to 3 cm2 g-1, mass-specific), low hemoglobin levels (3 to 5 g dL-1), reduced numbers of circulating red blood cells (1 to 2 Í106 mm-3) and low hematocrit values (25 to 35%) compared to pelagic species. These results demonstrated that pelagic fish have high routine oxygen consumption rates compatible with their large gill surface area and high blood oxygen capacity, whereas benthic species have low metabolic rates, small gill dimensions and reduced blood oxygen capacity.
Acute respiratory distress reveals a mitral endocarditis and complete a case of pneumococcal infection of Austrian syndrome
Authors: Fjouji Salaheddine , Samali Mehdi , Atmani Nourredine , Doghmi Nawfal , Bakkali Hicham , Baite Abdelouahad
Published: February 2020

Introduction: Infectious endocarditis caused by Streptococcus pneumonia remains rare but serious. When it is associated with meningitis and pneumonia, it is called Austrian syndrome.

Case Report: The authors describe a case of a 66-year-old female Moroccan patient who presented a congestive heart failure due to mitral valve disease after few days of hospitalization for pneumococcal meningitis associated with pneumonitis. The patient had a favorable course after combination of antibiotic therapy followed by surgical valve replacement.

Conclusion: The recognition of this syndrome allows an early diagnosis of cardiac involvement often masked and which worsens the prognosis. Mortality can be lowered by appropriate medico-surgical management.
Aportes de la ciencia y tecnología para el mejoramiento del medio ambiente en El Salvador
Authors: Osegueda Carlos Felipe , Hernández-Vásquez Miguel Ángel , Cálix-Saravia Heisel Gabriela , Escobar-Hernández Mélida Carolina , Flores-Ramírez Diana Carolina , López-Echeverría Jennifer Lisseth , Molina-Hidalgo Katherine Saraí , Palacios-Mejía Wendy Arely , Rodríguez-Hidalgo Leslie Naomi , Sánchez-Menjivar Jocelyn Ivette , Trejo-Martínez Ligia Noely
Published: February 2020

Los factores antropogénicos han generado una alteración al medio ambiente provocando el calentamiento global. En ese sentido, la ciencia y tecnología es pieza clave en la preservación del medio ambiente, creando nuevas tecnologías amigables con los diferentes ecosistemas del planeta Tierra. Como antecedente histórico en el 1997 se crea el Ministerio de Medio Ambiente y Recursos Naturales mejor conocido como MARN, evocando el artículo 30 de la ley del medio ambiente, dicha institución junto a instituciones afines, deben de recopilar, actualizar y publicar la información enfocada a la vulnerabilidad ambiental. Para contrastar los basamentos teóricos, conceptuales, históricos y referenciales, se definió el método cualitativo, retomando la técnica de la entrevista guiada dirigida e expertos en proyectos ambientales en El Salvador.
Assessment of patient satisfaction of certified and non-certified private dental clinics in Athens
Authors: Zampa Evangelia , Silvestros Spyridon , Kapaki Vasiliki , Souliotis Kyriakos
Published: February 2020

Background: In recent years, the issue of quality assurance in health services has emerged in the forefront, with strong research and practical interest. In addition, there is a number of changes to health service users who nowadays have higher expectations of satisfaction, efficiency and quality of health services.Aim: The aim of the present study is to assess the satisfaction of patients and, by extension, the quality of the services provided both in certified and non-certified private dental practices in Athens, to highlight the difference in the services provided and the areas in which it appears.Methods: This is a quantitative study of dental patients’ satisfaction in Athens using an anonymous and self-completed questionnaire. The aggregate sample collected is 317 patients within three months of the questionnaire being shared. In particular, the sample for certified dental places was 176 patients, while the sample of non-certified dental places was 141 patients. For the statistical analysis, the SPSS program for Windows version 25 was used, and the tables were created with Microsoft Excel 2010 based on the SPSS analysis data.Results: The results showed differences between the social level of patients, the permanent residence of the participants as well as differences in the reason for choice and visit to each dental place, while on the questions about the satisfaction of the services the differences were little. The questions with the most shared responses were those in the financial basis. Correlation coefficients did not show any statistically significant relationship between demographic characteristics and satisfaction, with the exception of the level of education of patients in certified dental clinics.Conclusions: Although the results of the research showed little differences in the satisfaction of the patients between certified and non-certified dental clinics, these results are quite limited due to the small number of certified dental clinics in Greece. Further research is needed to produce safer conclusions.
Fostering professionalism in doctor of nursing practice students
Authors: Fitz Sarah M. , Sparbel Kathleen J.H. , Rosenberger Kelly D. , Corbridge Susan J.
Published: February 2020

The Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) is the terminal degree for advanced practice nurses. All documents outlining competencies for doctorally-prepared nurses include professionalism as a requirement. While fostering professionalism in DNP students is expected of faculty, there is little data or guidance that describes specific educational strategies related to this concept. The available literature related to professionalism in healthcare education is not specific to advanced practice nursing. The purpose of this article is to define domains of professionalism for DNP-prepared advanced practice nurses, discuss specific examples of each domain, and propose strategies for including the domain within the DNP curriculum.
Impact on Chinese nurses roles after study abroad: An exploratory study
Authors: Wu Huixin , Spadaro Kathleen , Hunker Diane F. , Wolf Debra M.
Published: February 2020

Background and objective: Studying abroad to expand professional development is growing worldwide with nurses traveling to different countries to expand their knowledge and skills. The impact a study abroad experience has on one’s professional role and personal life upon return is an important area of study. Depending on the individual and the level of support from hospital leadership, academic institutions and family, the experience could have a positive or negative impact on their professional role and personal life when returning to their home country. The objective of this study was to understand how a one-year study abroad experience impacted 1) Chinese nurses’ clinical practice, 2) their professional role, and 3) their personal life 6 months after returning home.Methods: A 10-item 6-month post entry electronic survey using Likert scale (1 = very weak to 7 very strong) and open-ended questions was developed. 29 Chinese nurses were invited to complete the survey via email invitation. Quantitative analysis was conducted on the first 5 questions and content analysis was conducted on the remaining 5 questions.Results: A total of 16 participants (55%) completed the survey. For the first 5 questions, a change was noted from students’ responses at program completion. For the last 5 questions, detailed examples of obstacles and challenges faced in their professional role and personal life following their return were shared.Conclusions: Findings suggest that while studying abroad influences one’s professional role and practice initially, the influence may not be enduring as the originating culture may have a stronger impact. Hosting and visiting organizations need to prepare individuals who study abroad to transition home successfully to meet both the professional role and personal life challenges one may face.