bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Protocol: an improved method for inducing sporophyte generation in the model moss Physcomitrium patens under nitrogen starvation
Authors: Yoro Emiko , Koshimizu Shizuka , Murata Takashi , Sakakibara Keiko
Published: July 2023

Background:
Land plants exhibit a haplodiplontic life cycle, whereby multicellular bodies develop in both the haploid and diploid generations. The early-diverging land plants, known as bryophytes, have a haploid-dominant life cycle, in which a short-lived multicellular body in the diploid generation, known as the sporophyte, develops from the maternal haploid gametophyte tissues. The moss Physcomitrium (Physcomitrella) patens has become one of the most powerful model systems in evolutionary plant developmental studies. To induce diploid sporophytes of P. patens, the conventional approach is to grow approximately one-month-old gametophores for another month on Jiffy-7 pellets made from the peat moss that is difficult to fully sterilize. A more efficient method to obtain all tissues throughout the life cycle should accelerate studies of P. patens.
Results:
Here, we investigated the effect of nitrogen conditions on the growth and development of P. patens. We provide an improved protocol for the sporophyte induction of P. patens using a BCD-based solid culture medium without Jiffy-7 pellets, based on the finding that the formation of gametangia and subsequent sporophytes is promoted by nitrogen-free growth conditions. The protocol consists of two steps; first, culture the protonemata and gametophores on nitrogen-rich medium under continuous light at 25°C, and then transfer the gametophores onto nitrogen-free medium under short-day and at 15°C for sporophyte induction.
Conclusions:
Our more efficient and shortened protocol for inducing the formation of sporophytes will contribute to future studies into the fertilization or diploid sporophyte generation of P. patens.
Analyzing Spatio-Temporal Changes and Trade-offs/Synergies of Gross Ecosystem Product based on Water-Energy-Food in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, China
Authors: He Jia , wang Lingjing , Wen Chuanhao
Published: July 2023

Context The value of all the ultimate goods and services that the ecosystem provides for human welfare and long-term economic and social development is known as the gross ecosystem product (GEP). For the study of GEP accounting, the suggested water-energy-food (WEF) nexus offers a fresh viewpoint. Objectives The aim of this work is to build a GEP accounting index system based on WEF, investigate its spatiotemporal evolution characteristics, and assess trade-offs and synergies between and within water, energy, and food subsystems. Methods We used the Biophysical & monetary method to calculate the GEP amount based on WEF in five time periods (2005, 2009, 2013, 2017, 2021) and ArcGIS for spatial mapping. Functional quantity value of ecosystem services interactions were identified by statistically analyzing the spatiotemporal pattern. Results Considering the passage of time, the GEP based on WEF in the TGRA displayed an increase trend. From the standpoint of spatial evolution, the spatial distribution pattern of GEP based on WEF showed a spatial pattern of "high in the east and west, low in the middle". The GEP trade-offs based on WEF was dominating. It was discovered that the distribution space of cold and hot areas of a single ecosystem service function value in the three subsystems had spatial variances. Conclusions This study demonstrated that GEP based on WEF presents spatial heterogeneity, and the water subsystem contributed the highest proportion of ecosystem service value, and the tradeoffs/synergies of ecosystem service value were different at different times, as a whole and locally.
Universal Kepler Solver using Kustaanheimo-Stiefel Regularization
Authors: Gates Drake
Published: July 2023

In this paper, we present a complete solution to the initial value problem for the unperturbed two-body problem, without Stumpff functions, using Kustaanheimo-Stiefel (KS) regularization. Further, we show that KS regularization increases the average accuracy of the solution when compared to regularization methods in R 3. Finally, we show timing results to demonstrate that, on average, the proposed method runs faster than standard formulations of the universal Kepler problem (Bate et al (1971),Vallado (2013)).
Dynamism and Conservation of Semi-natural Forest Habitats: The Cork Oak Forests of Central Italy
Authors: Giugliano Simona , Scarnati Luca , Attorre Fabio , Ficara Daniela , De Sanctis Michele , Francesconi Fabio
Published: July 2023

The forest habitats listed in the Habitats Directive 92/43/EEC include various semi-natural formations favoured or maintained in balance by human action, especially for productive purposes. Some of these coenoses are undergoing transformation due to the decrease in human interest and the consequent triggering of dynamic processes. In order to study this phenomenon, we analysed the case of the cork oak forests on the Tyrrhenian slope of central Italy, which are part of the habitat "9330 Quercus suber forests" of the Habitats Directive. The choice is appropriate because of the current characteristics of these stands: they cover a limited area and have a fragmented distribution, were created by man to exploit cork and are mostly wild. The ecological characteristics and dynamic processes at work were analysed through a multidisciplinary approach in order to elaborate possible conservation strategies. Through the elaboration of climatic, stationary, structural, regeneration and soil data, we have shown how the habitat is linked to silvicultural management that favours the regeneration and establishment of cork trees, in the absence of which signs of transformation towards mixed uneven-aged forests are evident. Through the analysis of the ecological niche, we identified the potential distribution of the species and the most suitable areas for possible intervention.
SWOT Analysis of Communicable Disease Surveillance in Sudan
Authors: Khogali Alhadi , AbuKoura Rahaf , Abdelmagid Nada , Ibrahim Mona , Ratnayake Ruwan , Dahab Maysoon
Published: July 2023

Effective communicable disease surveillance is critical to addressing the compounded health impacts of concurrent epidemics, health systems collapse, and acute conflict in Sudan. This paper aims to map Sudan's communicable disease surveillance systems' strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats before the current conflict. Understanding this is essential to future efforts to rebuild the health system.
Despite existing for 50 years, little is published on Sudan’s disease surveillance systems and specifically the extent to which and how these systems have supported outbreak responses in the past. We conducted a scoping review to map the existing evidence on Sudan’s surveillance systems. We used a SWOT analysis to identify current and future gaps and opportunities to improve the performance of these systems for communicable diseases in Sudan. Our review shows that, prior to the conflict, disease-specific surveillance and response activities were fragmented across various divisions of the Federal Ministry of Health (FMoH). This made it difficult to have a clear surveillance and response hierarchy at the national level. Sudan has committed to strengthening its disease surveillance system as part of its national health sector policy. Efforts to bolster pandemic preparedness and response were and continue to be recognised as critical. Chiefly among them is the need to invest in a fit-for-purpose national surveillance system that can operate against a background of acute crisis. Greater transparency and data sharing, clear guidelines for communication and collaboration, and a centralised data management system can enhance the effectiveness of Sudan's communicable disease surveillance systems. Investment in a consolidated national surveillance system can support more efficient and coordinated responses to outbreaks and other health emergencies, with a view to future health system reconstruction.
A Tapestry of Habitats: Exploring Abundance and Habitat Preferences of the Northern Red Muntjac (Muntiacus vaginalis) across the Central Himalayan Landscape
Authors: Sharma Chandra Maya , Bhattacharya Saurav , Sharief Amira , Joshi Bheem Dutt , Thakur Mukesh , Sharma Lalit Kumar
Published: July 2023

Understanding the occupancy and density estimate of barking deer (Muntiacus vaginalis) at a landscape scale is crucial due to their significant ecological impact on ecosystems, particularly as prey for large predators. This study employed a single-season site occupancy model to assess the occupancy and density of barking deer using camera traps in the east Sikkim and Darjeeling hills of the Central Himalayan landscape from 2018 to 2020. The survey covered both protected and non-protected areas, representing the diverse land use and topographic variations in the region. A total of 513 independent captures of barking deer were obtained from 3150 trap nights. The study estimated the naive occupancy of barking deer in the central Himalayan landscape to be 0.64. The top model revealed positive influences of broadleaved forest (β = 0.93 ± 0.26), mixed forest (β = 0.6 ± 0.47), and slope (β = 0.2 ± 0.24) on the occupancy probability, while elevation (β = -0.08 ± 0.24) and ruggedness (β = -0.53 ± 0.23) had negative influences. Similarly, broadleaved forest (β = 1.3 ± 0.24), mixed forest (β = 0.74 ± 0.39), and ruggedness (β = 0.62 ± 0.25) positively influenced the detection probability, whereas elevation (β = -0.3 ± 0.22) and slope (β = -1.13 ± 1.21) had negative effects. No significant difference in the occupancy probability of barking deer was found between different protected areas and non-protected areas in the landscape (Kruskal-Wallis = 0.171, p > 0.05). The study estimated a total abundance of 169.23 ± 20.77 individuals with a density of 0.33 individuals per square kilometre in the central Himalayan landscape. This study serves as a pioneering effort and provides a foundation for future investigations into the occupancy and density estimate of barking deer in the central Himalayas.
Recent Advances of Optical Biosensors in Veterinary Medicine: Moving
Towards the Point of Care Applications
Authors: Amin Niloufar , Almasi Ameneh , Ozer Tugba , Henry Charles S. , Hosseinzadeh Leila , Keshavarzi Zahra
Published: July 2023

While food safety issues are attracting public concern due to their detrimental effects on
human health, monitoring livestock health is urgently needed to diagnose animal diseases at an early
stage by applying proper treatments, controlling, and preventing outbreaks, particularly in resource-
limited countries. In addition, unhealthy farms are not only a threat to livestock but also to
human lives. The available diagnostic techniques for the detection of key health threats within both
the food and livestock sectors require labor-intensive and time-consuming experimental procedures
and sophisticated and expensive instruments. To tackle this issue, optical biosensing strategies
have been incorporated into point-of-care (POC) systems, offering real-time monitoring, field-deployable,
and low-cost devices, which help make on-the-spot decisions.

:

This review aims to discuss the recent cutting-edge research on POC optical biosensing platforms
for on-farm diagnosis of animal diseases and on-site detection of animal-derived food-borne contaminants,
including pathogens, antibiotics, and mycotoxins. Moreover, this review briefly presents
the basic knowledge of various types of optical biosensors and their development using various recent
strategies, including nanomaterial combinations, to enhance their performance in POC tests.

:

This review is expected to help scientists to understand the evolution and challenges in the development
of point-of-care biosensors for the food and livestock industry, benefiting global healthcare.
The Relationship of Astrocytes and Microglia with Different Stages of
Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Liang Zhen , Lou Yingyue , Hao Yulei , Li Hui , Feng Jiachun , Liu Songyan
Published: July 2023

Ischemic stroke is the predominant cause of severe morbidity and mortality worldwide.
Post-stroke neuroinflammation has recently received increasing attention with the aim of providing a
new effective treatment strategy for ischemic stroke. Microglia and astrocytes are major components
of the innate immune system of the central nervous system. They can be involved in all phases of ischemic
stroke, from the early stage, contributing to the first wave of neuronal cell death, to the late
stage involving phagocytosis and repair. In the early stage of ischemic stroke, a vicious cycle exists
between the activation of microglia and astrocytes (through astrocytic connexin 43 hemichannels), aggravating
neuroinflammatory injury post-stroke. However, in the late stage of ischemic stroke, repeatedly
activated microglia can induce the formation of glial scars by triggering reactive astrogliosis in
the peri-infarct regions, which may limit the movement of activated microglia in reverse and restrict
the diffusion of inflammation to healthy brain tissues, alleviating the neuroinflammatory injury poststroke.
In this review, we elucidated the various roles of astrocytes and microglia and summarized
their relationship with neuroinflammation. We also examined how astrocytes and microglia influence
each other at different stages of ischemic stroke. Several potential therapeutic approaches targeting astrocytes
and microglia in ischemic stroke have been reviewed. Understanding the details of astrocytemicroglia
interaction processes will contribute to a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying
ischemic stroke, contributing to the identification of new therapeutic interventions.
Role of Indian Medicinal Plants for Immunity Booster Against
SARS-CoV-2 Infection: An Updated Review
Authors: Verma Kavita , Mishra Yoganchal , Kapoor Neha , Yadav Neelam
Published: July 2023

The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) came to be an epidemic that has occurred at the
expense of the health of people. This disease reveals it can be lethal. Aged people and people with
other medical occurrences may be more susceptible and become remarkably ill. The existing pandemic situation mandates scientific vigilance, hence we exploration to medicinal plants like Curcuma longa, Azadirachta indica, Ocimum sanctum, Tinospora cordifolia, Triphala, Phyllanthus emblica, Aloe barbadensis, Syzygium aromaticum, Cinnamomum verum, Allium cepa, Zingiber officinale, Piper nigrum, Allium sativum. The holistic Indian therapeutic system prescription is acknowledged as “Ayurveda”. Natural herbal remedies show more effectiveness which is moving towards
the present day with the help of traditional medicine. The factual of the Immunity booster is to determine components of natural lineage have an antiviral outcome. This booster helps to prevent
humans from infection caused by SARS-CoV-2. The molecular docking technique is used to disclose the interaction between molecules which is already researched, and the protein. In conclusion,
the identified natural compounds from medicinal plants act as an herbal booster for increasing immunity in contradiction to SARS-CoV-2 contagion in patients.
Inhibition of Interleukin-6 Dependent Metalloproteinases-9/2 Expression
in Cancer Cells by Diet Polyphenols
Authors: Arcone Rosaria , Nasso Rosarita , Pagliara Valentina , D'Errico Antonio , Motti Maria Letizia , D'Angelo Stefania , Carbonara Gabriele , Masullo Mariorosario
Published: July 2023

Among inflammatory cytokines, Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is one of the major activators of acute phase response and is also involved in immune response and cancer progression. IL-6 is involved in the up-regulation of enzymes and growth factors acting on the extracellular matrix (ECM) remodel-ling components in physio-pathological processes. IL-6 enhances the expression of metalloproteases (MMP-)2/9, enzymes that play a key role in ECM degradation and therefore contribute to the process of tumor metastasis. To counteract and/or prevent cancer diseases, many efforts have been devoted to the identification of factors able to inhibit the IL-6-dependent MMP-9/2 expression. Recently, diet polyphenols have been identified as molecules manifesting anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer proper-ties beyond their well-known capacity to promote health on the basis of their antioxidant effects. This review summarizes the recent advances in this field, focusing on the protective effects exerted by diet polyphenols on the proliferation and invasiveness of tumor cells, with specific emphasis on the ability of these molecules to inhibit the IL-6-dependent upregulation of MMP-2/9.
Identification and The Prevalence of Gastrointestinal Endoparasite in Long-Tailed Macaque (Macaca Fascicularis) in Wonorejo and Gunung Anyar Mangrove Eco-Tourism Surabaya
Authors: Fauziyah Nafisah Nurti , Lastuti Nunuk Dyah Retno , Damayanti Ratna , Koesdarto Setiawan , Suprihati Endang , Witaningrum Adiana Mutamsari
Published: July 2023

This study aimed to determine the types of endoparasites and their prevalence in Macaca fascicularis in the Wonorejo and Gunung Anyar mangrove forests, Surabaya. A total of 90 samples of Macaca fascicularis faeces were collected from two different mangrove forests, 45 samples from Wonorejo and 45 from Gunung Anyar. All samples were examined using sedimentation and floating methods to identify endoparasite species. Further, the number of eggs and oocysts per gram of feces was counted using the McMaster method. Results showed that 26.67% (12/45), and 22.2% (10/45) of the faecal samples were detected positive for endoparasite at Wonorejo and Gunung Anyar mangrove forests, respectively. The prevalence of parasitosis in M. fascicularis from Wonorejo was 17.7% (8/45) for Taenia sp. and 8.8% (4/45) for Balantidium coli cyst. On the other hand, M. fascicularis from Gunung Anyar was infested by Trichuris sp. at a prevalence of 22.2% (10/45). The total number of eggs and cysts ranged from 30 – 400 per gram of faecal samples. The study provides new knowledge on the parasitic burdens among long-tailed macaques in East Java.
Exploration of Dynamic Optimization Paths for Work Search Models under Incomplete Information Conditions
Authors: Jingchen Xian , Qing Liu
Published: July 2023

This article is based on the application exploration of dynamic optimization theory under incomplete information conditions. Based on the job search model and its extended model, this theory is analyzed in detail, explaining the relationship between unemployment rate and wages in the labor market, exploring the impact of Western labor unemployment formation, summarizing the experience of urban unemployment in the process of social construction in the new era, and developing high-quality and high-quality employment work for college students, It will have very important inspiration and reference significance.
Development writing assessment of ecological viewpoint in evaluation of 2007 revision curriculum language education
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Shin Heun-Je
Published: July 2023

This research explores assessment of a language art in revision curriculum on the basis of ecological view after investigating practical characteristic and development writing assessment.
The 2007 revision Korean language curriculum indicated the more structure than previous that detailed assessment system and showed accomplishment standards in the national level. But it has limitation that progress student ability in using a language.
This research explores development writing assessment of ecological viewpoint in evaluation of 2007 revision curriculum language education. It is based on accommodation an ecological viewpoint and with to overcome the problem point of existing evaluation. It is possible new view point evaluation method and promising the efficient characteristic of evaluation. And it consider seriously the degree which becomes conclusion with the professor act where the evaluation ratiocination improves studying from evaluation result application.
Preventive effect of Total ethanolic extract of Butea monosperma on bone loss in osteopenic rats
Authors: Khanka Sonu , Lakra Amardeep , Gupta Ritika , Sharma Kriti , Maurya Rakesh , Chattopadhyay Naibedya , Singh Divya
Published: July 2023

Aim: The intent of the study was to assess the bone conserving effect of Butea monosperma total extract (BTE) prepared from the stem-bark, in ovariectomy (Ovx)-induced bone loss in Sprague Dawley (SD) rats.

Methods: Sprague-Dawley rats were ovariectomized (Ovx) and   BTE treatment with three different doses (100mg, 250mg and 500mg/kg body weight) commenced a day after Ovx and continued for 12 weeks. Skeletal parameters including trabecular and cortical bone microarchitecture, bone mineral density, bone mineral content, biomechanical strength, bone turnover markers (serum procollagen 1 N-terminal propeptide/ P1NP and cross-linked C-telopeptide of type I collagen/CTX-1), new bone formation rate (periosteal bone formation rate and mineral apposition rate), and expression of osteogenic genes were assessed. Estrogenicity of BTE was assessed by studying uterus at the end of the treatments.

Results: Ovx rats treated with BTE prevented the alterations in trabecular and cortical microarchitecture, maintained bone mineral density, bone mineral content, and increased bone biomechanical strength in comparison with Ovx rats. Treatment of BTE also enhanced new bone formation rate, increased the serum bone formation marker (P1NP), decreased the serum bone resorption marker (CTX-1), and upregulated the osteogenic genes in bones. BTE was devoid of estrogen-like effect in uterus.

Conclusion: BTE protects against Ovx-induced bone loss by inhibiting bone resorption and increasing new bone formation. The most effective bone conserving dose of BTE was 250mg/kg. This study demonstrates the potential of BTE in preventing/delaying osteoporosis development in postmenopausal women.

Keywords: Butea total extract, ovariectomy, bone formation, bone mineral density.
The Implementation of Scientific Approach to Increase Mathematical Problem Solving Ability on Junior High School Students
Authors: Nurlelah Siti , Hendriana Heris , Fitrianna Aflich Yusnita
Published: July 2023

Mathematics is a field of study that plays an important role in the world of education. Mathematics as a science that must be mastered because it supports and is interelated with other subjects. The background of writing this article is the low ability of students to solve mathematical problems. This research was conducted because there are still many teacher centered learning acitivities.To improve the ability to solve the need for an approach model that an be developed to position students as learning centers is the application of scientific models.the scientific approach is an approach aimed at students. In learning activities direct students to be active and understand the concept. This study aims to apply a scientific approach to Dharma Kartini Junior High School students. The research target was class VIII with a 28 students on the subject matter of a two variable linear equation system. The research conducted was classroom action research.Classroom action research trains critical, systematic thinking, starting from planning, implementing, observing and reflecting. This study provided instruments, namely pre-test and post-test in the form of 5 questions of problem solving abilities to students which were carried out in 2 cycles. The research results obtained for the first cycle showed that students mastery of mathematical concepts was still not good. Therefore, proceed to the next stage, namely the second cycle. Based on the implementation of learning in the second cycle, a very significant increase was obtained. Thus it can be concluded that the scientific approach can be applied in learning to improve problem solving abilities in the matter of a system of two variable linear equations.
The Development of Prism and Pyramid Teaching Material Assisted by Construct 2 Software
Authors: Suwangsih Euis , Fitriani Nelly , Sumarmo Utari
Published: July 2023

The aim of the research is to develop teaching materials assisted by media construct 2 software that are practical and appropriate for use in the learning process. The research method used is Research and Development (R&D) using the ADDIE model. The research was conducted at SMPN 3 RancabaliÂ  with 12 class VIII students at Rancabali 3 Middle School for limited trials and 9 students at SMPN 2 Rancabali and 9 students at SMPN 1 Rancabali Public for a wider trial and 27 VIII C class students as an experimental class and 27 class VIII A students as the control class for product trials. The validators consist of ICT experts, subject matter experts and teachers. The data collection technique was in the form of a response questionnaire from students and teachers. The research results of the products developed were in accordance with the ADDIE research method with product feasibility categories based on ICT expert validation of 81.25%, material experts 85% and teachers 88% are all included in the very decent category. Products that have been validated are then tested on students through limited trials, wider trials and product trials and students are given practicality questionnaires with a final average result of 83.56% included in the very practical category. Based on the validation results of ICT experts, material experts and student and teacher responses, it was concluded that the teaching materials assisted by the media construct 2 software are valid and appropriate for use in learning. For further research, the researcher hopes to be able to develop teaching materials better according to the suggestions from the respondents.
Perspektywy zmian na rynku pracy w powiecie siedleckim w opinii pracodawców
Authors: Soczewka Iwona , Kałuża Halina
Published: July 2023

Podstawowym celem pracy było dokonanie analizy zmian, jakie nastąpią do 2015 r. na rynku pracy w powiecie siedleckim w opinii pracodawców z tego regionu. Badania zostały przeprowadzone w 2010 r. w losowo wybranych przedsiębiorstwach o różnym poziomie zatrudnienia. Na podstawie przeprowadzonych badań stwierdzono, iż w przyszłości najbardziej pożądani na tym rynku będą pracownicy sfery usługowej, obejmującej zarówno usługi osobiste, jak i związane z obsługą biznesu (np. usługi bankowe i ubezpieczenia). Będzie to wymagać zwiększenia dotychczasowej podaży zawodów wykorzystywanych w tej sferze gospodarki, a zwłaszcza wprowadzania na rynek pracy absolwentów szkół zawodowych zdolnych do świadczenia nowych typów usług.
Wielomianowy uporządkowany model logitowy w prognozowaniu zagrożenia finansowego przedsiębiorstw
Authors: Waszkowski Adam
Published: July 2023

W pracy poddano próbie budowę wielomianowego uporządkowanego modelu logitowego zagrożenia finansowego przedsiębiorstw. W tym celu wykorzystano dane finansowe z 36 spółek, którym przypisano przynależność do jednej z trzech klas: zagrożonych bankructwem, o nieokreślonej sytuacji finansowej oraz o poprawnym standingu. Zbudowane modele zostały zweryfikowane pod względem poprawności statystycznej, a ich zdolność predykcyjna została określona na podstawie macierzy klasyfikacji.
Szara strefa w Europie
Authors: Kraciuk Jakub
Published: July 2023

Jednym z ważniejszych problemów występujących w gospodarkach krajów europejskich jest istnienie szarej strefy. Jej udział w PKB w najsłabiej rozwiniętych gospodarczo krajach Europy Wschodniej jest ponad trzykrotnie wyższy niż w najbogatszych krajach Europy Zachodniej. Ważnym aspektem funkcjonowania szarej strefy są oszustwa podatkowe lub też unikanie podatków w granicach prawa. Przedsiębiorstwami, które przede wszystkim prowadzą działania mające na celu unikania podatków, są korporacje transnarodowe. Wykorzystują w tym celu raje podatkowe oraz stosują ceny transferowe.
Spółdzielnie jako istotne podmioty funkcjonujące na rynku mleka - zagadnienia prawne i ekonomiczne
Authors: Suchoń Aneta
Published: July 2023

Przedstawiono wybrane prawne i ekonomiczne zagadnienia dotyczące spółdzielni mleczarskich oraz spółdzielczych grup producentów rolnych działających na rynku mleka. Szczególną uwagę zwrócono na sprawy organizacyjne i podatkowe, finansowania działań spółdzielni ze środków unijnych. Dodatkowo zaprezentowano podstawowe zagadnienia dotyczące spółdzielni jako podmiotu skupującego mleko oraz działającego na rynku mleka. W dalszej kolejności rozważania skupiały się na planowanej reformie WPR i jej wpływie na działalność spółdzielni.
Handel zagraniczny jabłkami w UE w kontekście rosyjskiego embargo
Authors: Kraciński Paweł
Published: July 2023

Celem artykułu było określenie wielkości i kierunków wymiany handlowej jabłkami w krajach Unii Europejskiej w kontekście rosyjskiego embargo. Eksport zewnętrzy jabłek w UE w latach 2004-2013 rósł, przede wszystkim dzięki wzrostowi eksportu polskich jabłek do Rosji. Import zewnętrzy UE obniżał się i realizowany był przede wszystkim z państw półkuli południowej. Badania wykazały, że Polska była głównym dostawcą jabłek na rosyjski rynek z blisko 75% udziałem w wolumenie unijnego eksportu. W wyniku embarga doszło do znacznego obniżenie polskich cen (22%) oraz wolumenu eksportu w stosunku do roku poprzedniego.
Konkurencyjność zasobowa rolnictwa UE i USA
Authors: Pawlak Karolina
Published: July 2023

Celem artykułu było zidentyfikowanie konkurencyjności zasobowej rolnictwa UE i USA w latach 2002-2014. Przedstawiono wielkość zasobów ziemi i pracy oraz nakładów kapitału w rolnictwie UE i USA, a następnie dokonano oceny relacji pomiędzy czynnikami produkcji i efektywności ich wykorzystania mierzonej wartością produkcji rolniczej. Analizie poddano również strukturę obszarową gospodarstw rolnych i strukturę użytkowania ziemi w tych gospodarstwach. Na podstawie przeprowadzonych analiz można sformułować konkluzję, że silniejszą pozycją konkurencyjną determinowaną korzystniejszymi relacjami między czynnikami produkcji, efektywnością gospodarowania i większą skalą zaawansowania procesów koncentracji odznacza się sektor rolny USA.
Ceny detaliczne owoców w Polsce i w wybranych krajach europejskich
Authors: Sobczak Wioleta , Jabłońska Lilianna
Published: July 2023

W pracy dokonano poziomej oraz pionowej analizy porównawczej cen detalicznych owoców w Polsce oraz w wybranych krajach Unii Europejskie. Analizie poddano zmiany kierunku i dynamikę cen owoców ogółem, cen dwóch podstawowych gatunków, tzn. jabłek i gruszek, a także zmiany dochodu rozporządzalnego gospodarstw domowych przypadającego na 1 mieszkańca. Szeregi czasowe dotyczące relatywnych i absolutnych cen produktów ogrodniczych w postaci indeksów cen i wartości dochodu rozporządzalnego gospodarstw domowych przypadającego na jednego mieszkańca pochodzą z Eurostatu, Głównego Urzędu Statystycznego oraz publikacji Instytutu Ekonomiki Rolnictwa i Gospodarki Żywnościowej-Państwowy Instytut Badawczy. Okres badawczy obejmuje lata 2005-2014. Badania wykazały, że na większości europejskich rynkach występuje tendencja spadkowa cen detalicznych owoców i zmniejsza się stopniowo ich zróżnicowanie między krajami. Pomimo ogólnej tendencji spadkowej ceny dwóch najpowszechniejszych gatunków owoców mianowicie jabłek oraz gruszek w większości krajów europejskich corocznie sukcesywnie wzrastały. Sytuacja polskiego konsumenta tych gatunków nie uległa widocznej zmianie w stosunku do konsumenta w Niemczech, pomimo wzrosty poziomu zamożności.
Food Security Monitoring in the Republic of Belarus
Authors: Kandratsenka Sviatlana
Published: July 2023

The article investigates theoretical and methodical aspects of food security monitoring and reveals significant development tendencies in the world market of food and agricultural raw materials. It also discusses the experience of the Republic of Belarus in the assessment level for physical and economic food availability to the population. The monitoring algorithm of national food security of the Republic of Belarus including assessment criteria, indicators and their liminal values, and an information support model is presented. The monitoring algorithm assumes complex application of techniques adapted for social and economic conditions of the Republic, including tendencies assessment and development factors of the world market food security level and independence, threats on life quality of the population, and methodical recommendations about ensuring stability of food security. The applied system of basic indicators and their threshold values allows the creation of a full picture of security and threats from different directions, and ways of developing mechanisms to deal with them.
Agricultural Property Market in Norway - Basic Information
Authors: Kozioł-Kaczorek Dorota
Published: July 2023

The agricultural structure in Norway is strongly dependent on agricultural policy, which is a major determinant of its development. The structure of farming – comprised by the distribution of farms, size of farms, forms of ownership, transfer of land rights act – is controlled by legal and economic instruments. The objective of the publication is to describe a background of the market of agricultural properties in Norway. In particular, the paper details laws that are the basis of Norwegian agricultural policy and the agricultural property market. It is important and also interesting because these aspects of human life and national reality are so different from Poland. Some part of the publication is devoted to presenting the situation of the agricultural properties market in Norway in 2014.
The Potential and Significance of Urban Agriculture on the Basis of the Ruhr Metropolis and the Upper Silesian Metropolis
Authors: Sroka Wojciech , Pölling Bernd
Published: July 2023

The paper attempts to evaluate the potential and importance of agriculture in the two largest (post)industrial metropolitan areas of Europe. It has been demonstrated that urban agriculture constitutes an important spatial component of studied urban organisms, as almost 40% of these consist of agricultural land. Analysis of chosen characteristics of agriculture in the researched metropolitan areas explicitly shows that their agricultural potential is comparable to the overall regions where they are located. This mainly concerns the average size of farms, the employment ratio and the intensity of both animal and plant production. The studies also led to the conclusion that, in spite of very similar natural environments, agriculture in the Ruhr Metropolis is characterized by significantly higher production potential than agriculture in the Upper Silesian Metropolis.
Financial System and Agricultural Growth: Evidence from Poland and Ukraine
Authors: Wasilewski Miroslaw , Adamenko Victor , Oliynyk Olena
Published: July 2023

We built simplified models of integral indicators for the level of development of the financial system and for agricultural growth using the principles of "moderate middle way". We then used these models to compare the levels of financial system development, economic and agricultural growth, and trends of financial development and agricultural growth, in Poland and Ukraine. We used the integral indicators and econometric methodologies to assess the relationship between financial development and agricultural growth in both countries. The results of the study revealed the absence of a statistical relationship between integral indicators of financial system development and agricultural growth in Poland and Ukraine. We can ascertain the presence of arguments regarding the existence of the impact of the banking component of the financial system on agriculture in these countries. The regression models showed significant directly proportional relationships between certain aspects of agriculture and some components of the banking sector (resources and effectiveness).
Bariatric surgery alters the postprandial recovery from hypoglycemia mediated by cholinergic signal
Authors: Salehi Marzieh , Tripathy Devjit , Peterson Richard , Honka Henri , Pezzica Samantha , DeFronzo Ralph , Gastaldelli Amalia
Published: July 2023

  

Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery (GB) and sleeve gastrectomy (SG) increase prandial insulin and glucagon secretion but reduce the endogenous glucose production (EGP) response to hypoglycemia compared to non-operated controls (CN), suggesting that parasympathetic nervous system (PNS) plays a role. Here, we investigated the effect of acute PNS blockade on the post-meal counterregulatory response to insulin-induced hypoglycemia in GB and SG compared to CN. Glucose kinetics and islet-cell secretion were measured in 9 non-diabetic subjects with GB, 7 with SG, and 5 CN during hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemic clamp (~3.2mM) combined with meal ingestion on two separate days with and without intravenous atropine infusion. Glucose and hormonal levels were similar at baseline and during steady state hypoglycemia before meal ingestion in 3 groups and unaffected by atropine. Atropine infusion diminished prandial systemic appearance of ingested glucose (RaO) by 30%, EGP by 40%, and glucagon response to hypoglycemia by 90%, in controls. In GB or SG, blocking PNS had no effect on the RaO or meal-induced hyperglucagonemia, but increased EGP in SG without any effect in GB (p<0.05 interaction). These findings indicate that cholinergic signal contributes to the recovery from hypoglycemia by meal consumption in humans. However, bariatric surgery dissipates PNS-mediated physiologic responses to hypoglycemia in the fed state. 
Fra miljølære til bærekraftsundervisning: En økokritisk analyse av fagfornyelsen
Authors: Bredal-Tomren Tom Sverre
Published: July 2023

In this chapter, I analyse the Norwegian curricula for environmental and sustainability education in search of the environmental pedagogy expressed in the present plans. I find that the plans are dominated by a knowledge-based approach and prioritize competence skills in individual environmental life changes rather than structural change. The article also explores how the curricula look when read on the basis of a survey carried out by 88 climate strikers youth in 2019. The survey showed that young people seek more action-oriented teaching that emphasises political change. I conclude the chapter by discussing the findings in light of radical eco-pedagogy. The most important conclusion is that the young people who strike against climate change practice the curriculum they are looking for, that this is in line with ideas from radical eco-pedagogy and that schools should welcome the strike initiatives.
Código de ética empresarial, un análisis del aporte de los profesionales y la percepción de los empleados sobre su importancia en las empresas
Authors: Sabido-Domínguez Teresita de Jesús , Alonso-Novelo Valentín , Barredo-Baqueiro Gustavo Alberto
Published: July 2023

Debido a los escándalos financieros presentes desde hace décadas, las empresas buscan mayores controles que apoyen el debido cumplimiento de todo tipo de actividades que realizan con diversos agentes con los que trabaja. Un control es establecer un Código de ética empresarial. El propósito de este trabajo fue identificar la percepción que tienen los estudiantes-empleados de empresas de Mérida, México, con respecto a las nociones de ética empresarial en el desarrollo de sus actividades en donde trabajan.

Se obtuvo información de fuentes primarias, al utilizar una encuesta con muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia. Los resultados indican que, en las pymes, los empleados consideren de importancia el establecimiento de un Código de Ética. La mayoría de los encuestados define la ética como “la buena actuación profesional” (65.56%), seguido por “Buen sentido común” (31.48%). Los encuestados consideran que “los valores éticos en la empresa les ayudan a:” guiar acciones (47.04%), a ser mejores personas (30.00%), a progresar (20.37%) o a cumplir requisitos (2.59%). Los resultados obtenidos indican que en un 51.11% de las empresas no existe un código de ética, sin embargo, el 71.85% de los encuestados indicó que se establece un compromiso de comportamiento ético como trabajador de la empresa cuando lo deseable sería la formalización de estos compromisos por medio de códigos. Quienes contestaron consideran que la información adecuada, oportuna y periódica sobre el cumplimiento de reglas, objetivos y metas en su empresa es, con un 95%, de importancia de conocer para poder contribuir en sus logros.
Coordinate-Unet 3D for segmentation of lung parenchyma
Authors:   MONC team - INRIA Bordeaux Sud-Ouest, Talence-33400, France, Le Van-Linh ,   University of Bordeaux (IMB), CNRS and Bordeaux INP, UMR 5251, Talence-33400, France,   BRIC Unit, University of Bordeaux, Talence-33400, France, Saut Olivier ,   MONC team - INRIA Bordeaux Sud-Ouest, Talence-33400, France,   University of Bordeaux (IMB), CNRS and Bordeaux INP, UMR 5251, Talence-33400, France
Published: July 2023

Lung segmentation is an initial step to provide accurate lung parenchyma in many studies on lung diseases based on analyzing the Computed Tomography (CT) scan, especially in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) detection. In this work, Coordinate-UNet 3D, a model inspired by UNet, is proposed to improve the accuracy of lung segmentation in the CT scan. Like UNet, the proposed model consists of a contracting/encoder path to extract the high-level information and an expansive/decoder path to recover the features to provide the segmentation. However, we have considered modifying the structure inside each level of the model and using the Coordinate Convolutional layer as the final layer to provide the segmentation. This network was trained end-to-end from a small set of CT scans of NSCLC patients. The experimental results show the proposed network can provide a highly accurate segmentation for the validation set with a Dice Coefficient index of 0.991, an F1 score of 0.976, and a Jaccard index (IOU) of 0.9535.
Perceptions of Colour Pickers in Virtual Reality Art-Making
Authors:   University of Auckland, School of Computer Science, Auckland, New Zealand, Alex Marylyn , Wünsche Burkhard C. ,   University of Auckland, School of Computer Science, Auckland, New Zealand, Lottridge Danielle ,   University of Auckland, School of Computer Science, Auckland, New Zealand
Published: July 2023

Virtual reality art is reshaping digital art experiences, especially with the recent release of multiplayer 3D art applications, but may elicit different first impressions across different age groups which can impact their uptake. In particular, popular colour pickers based on HSV colour spaces may appeal differently to younger and older adults. We investigate first impressions of colour selection when shown with a discrete picker or a continuous HSV picker via an online survey with 63 adults and 24 older adults. We found that the discrete picker was seen as having more positive hedonic qualities overall; there were no differences between perceptions of adults and older adults. We discuss the implications of our findings for colour selection tools in virtual reality art-making.
A Resource Allocation Algorithm for a History-Aware Frame Graph
Authors:   Phystech School of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Institutskiy Pereulok, 9 Dolgoprudny, Moscow Oblast, 141701, Russia, Sandu Roman , Shcherbakov Alexandr ,   Faculty of Computational Mathematics and Cybernetics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
Published: July 2023

We consider the problem of memory consumption by a real-time GPU-accelerated graphical application. A history of a resource is defined for a particular frame to be the final contents of such a resource at the end of the previous frame. When organizing a graphical application using a frame rendering graph approach, it makes sense to implement automatic serving of resource history read requests of nodes. In absence of history resource requests, allocating resources for a fixed frame graph is the classic problem of dynamic storage allocation (DSA). In this paper, we formulate a generalization of DSA that enables memory reuse for resources with history requests and provide a practical approximate algorithm for solving it.
General Architecture of Sustainable Urban Spatial Development Model Based on Smart Cities
Authors: Ma Xiaolei
Published: July 2023

With the rapid growth of China’s national economy and urbanization, the use of urban space in China has developed greatly. At the same time, there are also many problems, the relationship between urban space planning and ground planning is not coordinated enough, and there are certain contradictions in the development of different levels of space, which will inevitably affect the sustainable development of urban space in China in the long run. The fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method is adopted as the evaluation method for the sustainability of urban space development. Firstly, the AHP method is applied to determine the weights of each specific indicator in the index layer. The sustainability of the current status of underground space development reflected by each indicator is determined by the expert scoring method. Finally, the evaluation results of “sustainable urban spatial development” were obtained using the spatial sustainability model for the example of the cities. In summary, the sustainable urban spatial development model based on smart cities can reflect the development status, development trend, and coordination with the comprehensive external environment of urban space in a comprehensive manner, and can measure and evaluate the degree of sustainable development, thus helping to identify problems that limit sustainable development.
Analysis of the practical education model and its value in the context of big data in university civic education
Authors: Wei Senjie
Published: July 2023

In order to verify the feasibility of data mining for the practical education model and its value analysis of college civic education in the context of big data. Based on the big data mining algorithm-parallel density clustering algorithm, this paper designs five types of teaching evaluation indexes of Civic Education as experiments to explore the new direction of Civic Education practice in colleges and universities in terms of value perception and target, teaching content, and method, teaching interaction, and organization, learning input and support, and learning effectiveness and evaluation. The experimental indexes show that: through the big data mining algorithm, we can understand that the current students have relatively good feelings towards “Civic Education” and “Introduction” courses, with mean values of 4.03 and 4.01, respectively; they prefer current issues in teaching contents and methods, with mean values of 7.48; they prefer current issues in teaching contents and methods. The mean value is 7.48; the mean value is 5.45; the mean value is 5.12; the mean value is 5.12; the mean value is 6.85; the mean value is 6.85; the mean value is 6.85. The results also show that the big data parallel density clustering algorithm can provide the relevant data mining analysis for the college Civic Education practice. The results also show that the big data parallel density clustering algorithm can provide relevant mining data analysis for college thinking and political education practice and can present the innovative reform direction of college thinking and political education through data more intuitively. It also makes the college thinking education truly enjoy the dividends of the big data era.