bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Monitoring of Land Use/Land-Cover Changes in the Arid Transboundary Middle Rio Grande Basin Using Remote Sensing
Authors: Mubako Stanley , Belhaj Omar , Heyman Josiah , Hargrove William , Reyes Carlos
Published: December 2018

Expanding urbanization in highly fragile desert environments requires a thorough understanding of the current state and trends of land uses to achieve an optimal balance between development and the integrity of vital ecosystems. The objectives of this study are to quantify land use change over the 25-year period 1990–2015 and analyze temporal and spatial urbanization trends in the Middle Rio Grande Basin. We conclude by indicating how the results can inform on-going water resource research and public policy discussion in an arid region. Results show that the predominant upland mixed vegetation land cover category has been steadily declining, giving up land to urban and agricultural development. Urban development across the region of interest increased from just under three percent in 1990 to more than 11 percent in 2015, mainly around the major urban areas of El Paso, Ciudad Juárez, and Las Cruces. Public policy aspects related to results from this study include transfer of water rights from agriculture to land developers in cities, higher risk of flooding, loss of natural ecosystems, and increased water pollution from point and non-point sources. Various stakeholders can find the study useful for a better understanding of historical spatial and temporal aspects of urban development and environmental change in arid regions. Such insights can help municipal authorities, farmers, and other stakeholders to strike a balance between development needs and protecting vital ecosystems that support the much needed development, especially in regions that are endowed with transboundary natural resources that often are incompletely represented in single nation data.
Seasonal Local Temperature Responses to Paddy Field Expansion from Rain-Fed Farmland in the Cold and Humid Sanjiang Plain of China
Authors: Liu Tingxiang , Yu Lingxue , Bu Kun , Yan Fengqin , Zhang Shuwen
Published: December 2018

Numerous studies have documented the effects of irrigation on local, regional, and global climate. However, most studies focused on the cooling effect of irrigated dryland in semiarid or arid regions. In our study, we focused on irrigated paddy fields in humid regions at mid to high latitudes and estimated the effects of paddy field expansion from rain-fed farmland on local temperatures based on remote sensing and observational data. Our results revealed much significant near-surface cooling in spring (May and June) rather than summer (July and August) and autumn (September), which was −2.03 K, −0.73 K and −1.08 K respectively. Non-radiative mechanisms dominated the local temperature response to paddy field expansion from rain-fed farmland in the Sanjiang Plain. The contributions from the changes to the combined effects of the non-radiative process were 123.6%, 95.5%, and 66.9% for spring (May and June), summer (July and August), and autumn (September), respectively. Due to the seasonal changes of the biogeophysical properties for rain-fed farmland and paddy fields during the growing season, the local surface temperature responses, as well as their contributions, showed great seasonal variability. Our results showed that the cooling effect was particularly obvious during the dry spring instead of the warm, wet summer, and indicated that more attention should be paid to the seasonal differences of these effects, especially in a region with a relatively humid climate and distinct seasonal variations.
Classification of Expansive Grassland Species in Different Growth Stages Based on Hyperspectral and LiDAR Data
Authors: Marcinkowska-Ochtyra Adriana , Jarocińska Anna , Bzdęga Katarzyna , Tokarska-Guzik Barbara
Published: December 2018

Expansive species classification with remote sensing techniques offers great support for botanical field works aimed at detection of their distribution within areas of conservation value and assessment of the threat caused to natural habitats. Large number of spectral bands and high spatial resolution allows for identification of particular species. LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) data provide information about areas such as vegetation structure. Because the species differ in terms of features during the growing season, it is important to know when their spectral responses are unique in the background of the surrounding vegetation. The aim of the study was to identify two expansive grass species: Molinia caerulea and Calamagrostis epigejos in the Natura 2000 area in Poland depending on the period and dataset used. Field work was carried out during late spring, summer and early autumn, in parallel with remote sensing data acquisition. Airborne 1-m resolution HySpex images and LiDAR data were used. HySpex images were corrected geometrically and atmospherically before Minimum Noise Fraction (MNF) transformation and vegetation indices calculation. Based on a LiDAR point cloud generated Canopy Height Model, vegetation structure from discrete and full-waveform data and topographic indexes were generated. Classifications were performed using a Random Forest algorithm. The results show post-classification maps and their accuracies: Kappa value and F1 score being the harmonic mean of producer (PA) and user (UA) accuracy, calculated iteratively. Based on these accuracies and botanical knowledge, it was possible to assess the best identification date and dataset used for analysing both species. For M. caerulea the highest median Kappa was 0.85 (F1 = 0.89) in August and for C. epigejos 0.65 (F1 = 0.73) in September. For both species, adding discrete or full-waveform LiDAR data improved the results. We conclude that hyperspectral (HS) and LiDAR airborne data could be useful to identify grassland species encroaching into Natura 2000 habitats and for supporting their monitoring.
The Impact of Firefighter Physical Fitness on Job Performance: A Review of the Factors That Influence Fire Suppression Safety and Success
Authors: Morris Cody E. , Chander Harish
Published: December 2018

Purpose: The objective of this review was to analyze the physiological impact of fire suppression on the human body. Design: The literature review included studies focused on workload requirements for common firefighting tasks, effect of health status on the firefighting profession, and attempts to establish a minimum physiological workload capacity for successful performance of firefighting. Findings: The existing literature provides evidence of the high degree of physiological stress that firefighters are under during fire suppression tasks and the great degree of maximal physical capacity that firefighting often requires. Firefighters often operate close to maximal aerobic capacity while performing tasks common to the profession. This is especially true due to the added physiological stress placed on the human body while wearing personal protective equipment during firefighting. Conclusions: Future investigations are necessary to further explore markers of physiological stress during firefighting and the impact that it may have on the ability to withstand the development of disease as well as fire suppression safety. Using completion time of fire suppression tasks as a criterion of success may be an important consideration in addition to the physiological requirements of the occupation when assessing the appropriateness of an individual to be a firefighter. An important future consideration is the effect that fire suppression activities may have on reaction time in critical situations in which life-and-death decisions must be made.
High 1RM Tests Reproducibility and Validity are not Dependent on Training Experience, Muscle Group Tested or Strength Level in Older Women
Authors: Barbalho Matheus , Gentil Paulo , Raiol Rodolfo , Del Vecchio Fabrício Boscolo , Ramirez-Campillo Rodrigo , Coswig Victor Silveira
Published: December 2018

Background: The maximal one-repetition test (1-RM) is widely used in scientific research; however, there are conflicting results regarding its reproducibility in elderly populations. The present study aimed to analyze the reproducibility of the test both before and after a 12-week training period by using the bench press and leg press 45° 1-RM tests in the elderly, taking into consideration the training experience and strength level of the women. Methods: Elderly women (n = 376; age, 68.5 ± 14.1 years; height, 162.7 ± 5.5 cm; body mass, 71.2 ± 16.0 kg) who underwent ≥3 months of resistance training performed an initial week of familiarization and a second week of testing and retest, with a 48–72 h interval. Results: The results showed that Kappa indices ranged from 0.93 to 0.95, and the intraclass correlation coefficients were 0.99 for both the lower and upper limbs. In addition, minimal detectable changes were found that ranged between 1 and 3%, which means that changes lower than 1 kg could be detected. Conclusion: The present study confirms that the 1-RM test has high reliability and reproducibility in the elderly, for both upper and lower limbs.
A GIS-Based Framework Creating Green Stormwater Infrastructure Inventory Relevant to Surface Transportation Planning
Authors: Xu Xiaofan , Schreiber Dylan S. P. , Lu Qing , Zhang Qiong
Published: December 2018

The stormwater runoff that carries pollutants from the land adjacent to road transportation systems may impair the water environment and threaten the ecosystem and human health. A proper management approach like green stormwater infrastructure (GSI) can help control flooding and the runoff pollutants. One barrier for GSI analysis relevant to system-level surface transportation planning is the lack of the inventory of GSI in many U.S. cities. This study aims to develop a GIS-based framework for creating GSI inventory in a time and labor efficient way, different from the traditional survey-based method. The new proposed framework consists of three steps, including road categorization, GSI mapping, and GSI type identification using the GIS data, high-resolution land-cover image, and Google Earth street view pictures. The new approach was tested in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and also applied in Tampa, Florida. The results showed that the new GIS-based framework can achieve similar accuracy to the survey-based method while saving time and labor. The GSI inventory created in the study demonstrated the usefulness of the proposed framework for analyzing the status of GSI implementation and identifying gaps for future planning in terms of potential locations and underrepresented GSI types.
Development of a Metamodel to Predict Cooling Energy Consumption of HVAC Systems in Office Buildings in Different Climates
Authors: Lopes Mauricio Nath , Lamberts Roberto
Published: December 2018

The use of energy for space cooling is growing faster than any other end use in buildings, justifying the search for improvements in the energy efficiency of these systems. A simplified model to predict cooling energy consumption in Brazilian office buildings was developed. Artificial neural networks (ANNs) were trained from consumption data obtained by building simulation. As it is intended to be applicable to different climates, a new climate indicator also appropriate for hot and humid climates was proposed and validated. The Sobol sensibility analysis was performed to reduce the number of input factors and thus the number of cases to be simulated. The data was built with the simulation of 250,000 cases in Energyplus. Studies were conducted to define the sample size to be used for the ANN training, as well as to define the best ANN architecture. The developed metamodel was used to predict the consumption of Heating, Ventilating and Air Conditioning (HVAC) system of 66,300 new unseen cases. The results showed that the new proposed climate indicator was more accurate than the usual climate correlations, such as cooling degree hours. The developed metamodel presented good performance when predicting annual HVAC consumption of the cases used to obtain the model (R2 = 0.9858 and NRMSE = 0.068) and also of the unseen cases (R2 = 0.9789 and NRMSE = 0.064).
Analysis of Social Networking Service Data for Smart Urban Planning
Authors: Mora Higinio , Pérez-delHoyo Raquel , Paredes-Pérez José F. , Mollá-Sirvent Rafael A.
Published: December 2018

New technologies are changing the channels of communication between people, creating an interconnected society in which information flows. Social networks are a good example of the evolution of citizens’ communication habits. The user-generated data that these networks collect can be analyzed to generate new useful information for developing citizen-centered smart services and policy making. The aim of this paper is to investigate the possibilities offered by social networks in the field of sport to aid city management. As the novelty of this research, a systematic method is described to know the popular areas for sport and how the management of this knowledge enables the decision-making process of urban planning. Some case studies of useful actions to make inclusive cities for sport are described and the benefits of making sustainable cities are discussed.
Do Administrative Incentives for the Containment of Cities Work? An Analysis of the Accelerated Procedure for Binding Land-Use Plans for Inner Urban Development in Germany
Authors: Dillmann Oliver , Beckmann Volker
Published: December 2018

In order to reduce land conversion for settlement and traffic purposes, the German government introduced in 2002 the 30 ha per day objective and since then established a number of policies and projects in order to achieve this goal in 2030. On 1 January 2007, an amendment of the Federal Building Code came into force, which introduced an accelerated procedure for binding land-use plans for inner urban development (section 13a). The aim of this amendment was to simplify and accelerate the planning law for projects to support inner urban development. This paper seeks to answer the question of whether or not the accelerated procedure contributes to increased inner urban development by providing incentives for the reuse of vacant developed land, which are often contaminated sites. Based on the example of the city of Stralsund in the rural region of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, we explore the quantitative land development in the inner and outer area from 1990 to 2018 and calculate costs savings for developers and public authorities. The results reveal that, although the accelerated procedure has been widely applied in the city of Stralsund since 2007, its effect on increased inner urban development has been very limited. The magnitude of the cost advantage is rather small, so that the accelerated procedure is often not regarded as decisive for the decision of inner versus outer development. The accelerated procedure has reduced the administrative burden for developers and public administration; however, in order to reach the 30 ha per day objective, more tailored policy instruments are needed.
Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Spatial Differentiation of Urban Black and Odorous Waters in China
Authors: Chen Guolei , Luo Jing , Zhang Chunyan , Jiang Liang , Tian Lingling , Chen Guangping
Published: December 2018

The pollution problem caused by urban black and odorous waters has received much attention from the Chinese government. Our research aims at systematically identifying the characteristics and the influential factors of spatial differentiation of urban black and odorous waters across China. The research, based on the data of 2100 black and odorous waters in China, was conducted with the spatial analysis tool of ArcGIS. We found that the amount of Chinese urban black and odorous waters varied in spatial distribution, which was an agglomerated type with significant agglomeration. The kernel density was characterized by independent single kernel centers with ribbon-like and sporadic distributions of subcenters. The cold and hot spots showed a gradient distribution pattern of cold in the southwest and hot in the central east. These spatial distribution characteristics could be attributed to the following core factors, total wastewater discharge, length of urban drainage pipelines, municipal solid waste collection, daily urban sewage treatment capacity, and investment in urban pollution treatment of wastewater. The findings reveal the current geospatial distribution of black and odorous waters pollution and provide reference for the Chinese government to treat the pollution from several key points. Lastly, it is suggested that the Chinese government should establish joint control, joint prevention, and joint treatment mechanisms in the black and odorous waters areas and improve the safety standards of the whole water environment, so as to promote the treatment and elimination of urban black and odorous waters.
Biological Homochirality on the Earth, or in the Universe? A Selective Review
Authors: Davankov Vadim A.
Published: December 2018

The discovery of meteoritic alpha-amino acids with significant enantiomeric excesses of the L-form has suggested that some cosmic factors could serve as the initial source for chiral imbalance of organic compounds delivered to the early Earth. The paper reviews major hypothesis considering the influence of chiral irradiation and chiral combinations of physical fields on the possible ways asymmetric synthesis and transformations of organics could take place within the solar system. They could result in a small enantiomeric imbalance of some groups of compounds. More attention is paid to the hypothesis on parity violation of weak interaction that was supposed to cause homochirality of all primary particles and a more significant homochirality of compounds directly synthesized from the latter in a plasma reactor. The first experiment with material synthesized in a plasma torch resulting from a super-high-velocity impact showed formation of alanine with the excess of L-form between 7 and 25%. The supposed conclusion is that L-amino acids could serve as a starting homochiral biomolecular pool for life to emerge all over the Universe.
A Taxonomy in Robot-Assisted Training: Current Trends, Needs and Challenges
Authors: Tsiakas Konstantinos , Kyrarini Maria , Karkaletsis Vangelis , Makedon Fillia , Korn Oliver
Published: December 2018

In this article, we present a taxonomy in Robot-Assisted Training; a growing body of research in Human–Robot Interaction which focuses on how robotic agents and devices can be used to enhance user’s performance during a cognitive or physical training task. Robot-Assisted Training systems have been successfully deployed to enhance the effects of a training session in various contexts, i.e., rehabilitation systems, educational environments, vocational settings, etc. The proposed taxonomy suggests a set of categories and parameters that can be used to characterize such systems, considering the current research trends and needs for the design, development and evaluation of Robot-Assisted Training systems. To this end, we review recent works and applications in Robot-Assisted Training systems, as well as related taxonomies in Human–Robot Interaction. The goal is to identify and discuss open challenges, highlighting the different aspects of a Robot-Assisted Training system, considering both robot perception and behavior control.
Momentum Space Topology and Non-Dissipative Currents †
Authors: Zubkov Mikhail , Khaidukov Zakhar , Abramchuk Ruslan
Published: December 2018

Relativistic heavy ion collisions represent an arena for the probe of various anomalous transport effects. Those effects, in turn, reveal the correspondence between the solid state physics and the high energy physics, which share the common formalism of quantum field theory. It may be shown that for the wide range of field–theoretic models, the response of various nondissipative currents to the external gauge fields is determined by the momentum space topological invariants. Thus, the anomalous transport appears to be related to the investigation of momentum space topology—the approach developed earlier mainly in the condensed matter theory. Within this methodology we analyse systematically the anomalous transport phenomena, which include, in particular, the anomalous quantum Hall effect, the chiral separation effect, the chiral magnetic effect, the chiral vortical effect and the rotational Hall effect.
Modulation of Innate Immune Responses by the Influenza A NS1 and PA-X Proteins
Authors: Nogales Aitor , Martinez-Sobrido Luis , Topham David J. , DeDiego Marta L.
Published: December 2018

Influenza A viruses (IAV) can infect a broad range of animal hosts, including humans. In humans, IAV causes seasonal annual epidemics and occasional pandemics, representing a serious public health and economic problem, which is most effectively prevented through vaccination. The defense mechanisms that the host innate immune system provides restrict IAV replication and infection. Consequently, to successfully replicate in interferon (IFN)-competent systems, IAV has to counteract host antiviral activities, mainly the production of IFN and the activities of IFN-induced host proteins that inhibit virus replication. The IAV multifunctional proteins PA-X and NS1 are virulence factors that modulate the innate immune response and virus pathogenicity. Notably, these two viral proteins have synergistic effects in the inhibition of host protein synthesis in infected cells, although using different mechanisms of action. Moreover, the control of innate immune responses by the IAV NS1 and PA-X proteins is subject to a balance that can determine virus pathogenesis and fitness, and recent evidence shows co-evolution of these proteins in seasonal viruses, indicating that they should be monitored for enhanced virulence. Importantly, inhibition of host gene expression by the influenza NS1 and/or PA-X proteins could be explored to develop improved live-attenuated influenza vaccines (LAIV) by modulating the ability of the virus to counteract antiviral host responses. Likewise, both viral proteins represent a reasonable target for the development of new antivirals for the control of IAV infections. In this review, we summarize the role of IAV NS1 and PA-X in controlling the antiviral response during viral infection.
Sensitivity of Model-Based Water Balance to Low Impact Development Parameters
Authors: Leimgruber Johannes , Krebs Gerald , Camhy David , Muschalla Dirk
Published: December 2018

Low impact development (LID) strategies aim to mitigate the adverse impacts of urbanization, like the increase of runoff and the decrease of evapotranspiration. Hydrological simulation is a reasonable option to evaluate the LID performance with respect to the complete water balance. The sensitivity of water balance components to LID parameters is important for the modeling and planning process of LIDs. This contribution presents the results of a global sensitivity analysis of model-based water balance components (runoff volume, evapotranspiration, groundwater recharge/storage change) using the US Environmental Protection Agency Storm Water Management Model to the parameters (e.g., soil thickness, porosity) of a green roof, an infiltration trench, and a bio-retention cell. All results are based on long-term simulations. The water balance and sensitivity analyses are evaluated for the long-term as well as single storm events. The identification of non-influential and most influential LID parameters for the water balance components is the main outcome of this work. Additionally, the influence of the storm event characteristics precipitation depth and antecedent dry period on the sensitivity of water balance components to LID parameters is shown.
Distribution and Potential Risk of Heavy Metals in Sediments of the Three Gorges Reservoir: The Relationship to Environmental Variables
Authors: Huang Lei , Fang Hongwei , Ni Ke , Yang Wenjun , Zhao Weihua , He Guojian , Han Yong , Li Xiaocui
Published: December 2018

In this study, surface sediment samples were taken from the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR) in June 2015 to estimate the spatial distribution and potential risk of Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb, Cr, and Ni (34 sites from the mainstream and 9 sites from the major tributaries), and correlations with environmental variables were analyzed (e.g., median sediment size, water depth, turbidity, dissolved oxygen of the bottom water samples, and total organic carbon, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus of the surface sediment samples). Results show that the heavy metal concentrations in the sediments have increased over the last few decades, especially for Cd and Pb; and the sites in the downstream area, e.g., Badong (BD) and Wushan (WS), have had greater increments of heavy metal concentrations. The sampling sites from S6 to S12-WS are identified as hot spots for heavy metal distribution and have relatively high heavy metal concentrations, and there are also high values for the sites affected by urban cities (e.g., the concentrations of Zn, Cd, Cr and Ni for the site S12-WS). Overall, the heavy metal concentrations increased slightly along the mainstream due to pollutants discharged along the Yangtze River and sediment sorting in the reservoir, and the values in the mainstream were greater than those in the tributaries. Meanwhile, the heavy metal concentrations were generally positively correlated with water depth (especially for Ni), while negatively correlated with dissolved oxygen, turbidity, and median sediment size. These environmental variables have a great impact on the partition of heavy metals between the sediment and overlying water. According to the risk assessment, the heavy metals in the surface sediments of TGR give a low to moderate level of pollution.
APPLICATION OF THE ADAPTIVE REUSE POTENTIAL MODEL IN HONG KONG: A CASE STUDY OF LUI SENG CHUN
Authors: Langston Craig , Shen Li-Yin
Published: December 2018

There is an increasing complexity and interplay between all of the issues associated with property portfolio decisions. This paper explores the relationships between financial, environmental and social parameters associated with building adaptive reuse by way of a case study. A new model predicting adaptive reuse potential is applied to a heritage building in Hong Kong known as Lui Seng Chun. Such application can assist in the transformation of the building and property industry towards more sustainable practices, strategies and outcomes, by providing a means by which the industry can identify and rank existing buildings that have high potential for adaptive reuse. In Hong Kong's case it provides an ability for sustainable, responsive energy and natural resource management by allowing issues regarding excessive and inappropriate resource use to be identified and assessed, and appropriate management strategies to be implemented. Given the building's current age and condition, Lui Seng Chun has at least 25 years of physical life remaining. The further application of a multi‐criteria sustainability evaluation tool supports the conclusion that an adaptive reuse strategy for this building will make a demonstrable contribution to the economic, social and environmental amenity of Hong Kong. The application of these techniques to other buildings with significant “embedded physical life” is highly recommended.

Potencialaus naudojimo modelio taikymas Honkonge: Lui Seng Chun atvejo tyrimas

Santrauka

Priimant sprendimus dėl nuosavybes portfelio, kyla vis sudėtingesnių ir tarpusavyje labiau susijusiu klausimu. Šiame darbe nagrinėjami ryšiai tarp finansiniu, aplinkos ir socialiniu parametru, susijusiu su pastatu naudojimu. Naujas modelis, numatantis potencialu pastatu naudojimą, taikomas Honkonge esančiam paveldo pastatui, vadinamam Lui Seng Chun. Transformuojant pastatu ir nuosavybes industrija, kai siekiama darnesniu praktikos, strategijų ir rezultatu, šis modelis gali būti naudingas, nes suteiks priemonių, padėsiančių identifikuoti ir klasifikuoti tuos pastatus, kuriu naudojimo potencialas didelis. Honkongo atveju tai galimybe imtis darnaus, atsakingo energijos ir gamtiniu išteklių valdymo, nes galima nustatyti ir įvertinti besaikio bei netinkamo išteklių naudojimo problemas ir įdiegti reikiamas vadybos strategijas. Atsižvelgiant į pastato amžių ir būkle, Lui Seng Chunfiziškai dar gali gyvuoti bent 25 metus. Toliau naudojamas daugiakriterinio darnos vertinimo įrankis patvirtina išvada, kad naudojimo strategija šiame pastate nemenkai prisidės prie viso Honkongo ekonominio, socialinio ir aplinkos patrauklumo. Rekomenduojama taikyti šiuos metodus kitiems pastatams valdyti, kuriu likusi naudojimo trukme dar yra netrumpa.
HOUSING PRICE DIFFUSION PATTERN OF AUSTRALIA'S STATE CAPITAL CITIES
Authors: Luo Zhen Qiang , Liu Chunlu , Picken David
Published: December 2018

The ripple effect of house prices within metropolitan areas has recently been recognised by researchers. However, it is very difficult to formulate and measure this effect using conventional house price theories particularly in consideration of the spatial locations of cities. Based on econometrics principles of the cointegration test and the error correction model, this research develops an innovative approach to quantitatively examine the diffusion patterns of house prices in mega‐cities of a country. Taking Australia's eight capital cities as an example, the proposed approach is validated in terms of an empirical study. The results show that a 1–1–2–4 diffusion pattern exists within these cities. Sydney is on the top tier with Melbourne in the second; Perth and Adelaide are in the third level and the other four cities lie on the bottom. This research may be applied to predict the regional housing market behavior in a country.

Būsto kainų pasiskirstymo struktūra Australijos valstijų sostinėse

Santrauka

Neseniai mokslininkai nustatė, kad didmiesčiuose būsto kainos veikia vienos kitas (angl. ripple effect). Tačiau ši poveiki itin sunku suformuluoti ir išmatuoti pasitelkus įprastas būsto kainų teorijas, ypač įvertinant teritorini miestu išsidėstymą. Remiantis ekonometrijos principais, tokiais kaip kointegracijos analize ir klaidu taisymo modelis, šiame tyrime sukurtas novatoriškas būdas, kaip kiekybiškai tyrinėti būsto kainų pasiskirstymo struktūras šalies didmiesčiuose. Kaip pavyzdį pasirinkus aštuonias Australijos valstijų sostines, siūlomas būdas patvirtinamas empiriniu tyrimu. Rezultatai rodo, kad šiu miestu pasiskirstymo struktūra yra 1–1–2–4. Sidnėjus užima aukščiausia pakopa, o Melburnas yra antrasis. Pertui ir Adelaidei tenka trečioji pakopa, o kiti keturi miestai yra žemiausiai. Šiuo tyrimu galima remtis prognozuojant regionines būsto rinkos elgsena kitose šalyse.
An important site for conservation of bats in Brazil: Passa Três cave, São Domingos karst area, with an updated checklist for Distrito Federal (DF) and Goiás state
Authors: Bichuette Maria Elina , Gimenez Eliana do Amaral , Arnone Ives Simões , Trajano Eleonora
Published: December 2018

A checklist of bats from Distrito Federal (DF) and Goiás state (GO) and, particularly a single cave (Passa Três cave), located in São Domingos karst area (GO), central Brazil, is presented. Data is based on literature and surveys carried out during 2,000 years. In total, 66 species were recorded, with 30 using caves as shelters. Passa Três cave harbors nine Phyllostomidae species; the most abundant species werePlatyrrhinuslineatus, Lonchorhinaaurita,DesmodusrotundusandCarolliaperspicillata; and the less abundantsTrachopscirrhosus,AnouracaudiferandGlossophagasoricina. Besides, the cave is shelter of two threatened bats -Lonchophylladekeyseri(Endangered category) andLonchorhinaaurita(Vulnerable category), included at Brazilian List of Threatened Fauna, and of a rare species,Lionycterisspurrelli. Passa Três cave shows enough attributes to be considered as a SICOM (Sites of Importance for Conservation of Bats), which would ensure its protection.
In Memoriam – John R. Holsinger
Authors: Culver David C.
Published: December 2018

n/a
Checklist of Epicauta Dejean from America (Meloidae, Meloinae, Epicautini)
Authors: Campos-Soldini María Paula , Safenraiter Melania Edith , Wagner Leandro Sebastián , Fernández Estrella Natalín , Sequin Christian Javier
Published: December 2018

This paper presents a comprehensive list of AmericanEpicauta. Two hundred and sixty-four named species were recorded in this checklist based primarily on literature and museum records. Seventy-two species were included in the subgenus Macrobasis and 192 species into the nominotypic subgenus. Nomenclatural modifications are provided forE.langeiBorchmann andE.nigripesBorchmann, both junior synonyms ofE.pilme(Molina);E.albicinctaBorchmann, junior synonym ofE.suturalis(Haag-Rutenberg);E.lugubrisDenier, junior synonym ofE.tristis(Mäklin); andE.wagneriPict, junior synonym ofE.vicina(Haag-Rutenberg). Three hundred and ninety-two new records for South America are provided.
Publication de la littérature. Entretiens croisés avec Olivier Chaudenson, Jean-Max Colard, Olivier Marbœuf et Aurélie Olivier
Authors: Rosenthal Olivia
Published: December 2018

Plusieurs organisateurs.trices de festivals, qui participent aujourd’hui à la publication et à la diffusion de la littérature hors du livre, livrent leur conception de l’espace littéraire et du rôle que la scène peut jouer dans des formes alternatives de publication littéraire.
Comment retracer les mécanismes causaux ?
Authors: Palier Bruno , Trampusch Christine
Published: December 2018

Resume De nombreuses publications méthodologiques portent sur le process tracing , ses fondements ontologiques et épistémologiques, et cherchent à en définir et systématiser l’utilisation. Cette littérature suggère de nombreuses définitions différentes du process tracing . Le présent article se propose de passer en revue les différentes approches afin d’en souligner les traits communs et de dresser une typologie des usages du process tracing . Le process tracing permet de mettre au jour des mécanismes causaux ou de tester un mécanisme causal théoriquement présumé. Deux principaux types d’usages sont identifiés : les usages inductifs (tout en restant « guidés » par de la théorie) et les usages déductifs (mais étant toujours prêts à affiner les théories testées). Les recherches appliquant le process tracing en économie politique comparée permettent notamment de savoir comment changent les intérêts et les institutions.
Péguy antiromantique ?
Authors: de Vitry Alexandre
Published: December 2018

L’antiromantisme de Péguy vient d’abord de son socialisme : le classique tel qu’il le définit promeut le travail et l’action, tandis que le romantisme relèverait de la représentation et de la théâtralisation de soi. Cependant, c’est dans ces catégories mêmes que Péguy s’avère plus romantique qu’il ne le dit : ses engagements civiques successifs s’accompagnent d’une tendance individualiste et volontiers sécessionniste, laquelle conduit à partir de 1909 au désir assumé d’écrire ses Confessions , projet relevant directement de la « représentation de soi » qu’il condamnait. En s’inscrivant dans une filiation rousseauiste, Péguy se rapproche d’une figure honnie par les antiromantiques conservateurs de son temps, en particulier Pierre Lasserre. Toutefois, il n’a pas renoncé à son antiromantisme, et ces Confessions restent un projet ressassé d’essai en essai sans être jamais directement mis en œuvre, sur le mode de la prétérition.
There Is No Significant Difference in Fretting and Corrosion at the Trunnion of Metal and Ceramic Heads
Authors: Kim Young-Hoo , Park Jang-Won , Kim Jun-Shik
Published: December 2018

No study has compared the prevalence of fretting and corrosion at the trunnion of cobalt-chrome (Co-Cr) and zirconia ceramic heads in the same patients. The authors sought to compare the prevalence of fretting and corrosion at the trunnion after total hip arthroplasty with a 32-mm Co-Cr or a 32-mm zirconia ceramic head-on-polyethylene bearing. Isolated revision of the ace-tabular components was performed in 78 patients (156 hips) for polyethylene wear and osteolysis of the acetabulum. Seventy-eight Co-Cr head–titanium alloy stem pairs were compared with 78 zirconia ceramic head–titanium alloy stem pairs in the same patients. Using a visual scoring technique, the 156 head–stem pairs were analyzed for the prevalence of fretting and/or corrosion at the trunnion of the stem and the prevalence of metal transfer to the inner taper of the femoral head. Mean patient age was 48 years, and there were 65 men and 13 women. There was no trunnionosis in either group. Prevalence of fretting (81% vs 83%) and corrosion (4% vs 3%) at the trunnion was not significantly different (
P
=.518 vs .612, respectively) between the 2 groups. The median fretting scores (1.4±1.1 vs 1.2±1.4 points) and corrosion scores (1.2±0.8 vs 1.3±0.9 points) at the trunnion were not significantly different (
P
=.893 vs .781, respectively) between the 2 groups. Prevalence of metal transfer to the inner taper of the femoral head (8% vs 10%) and the median metal transfer scores (1.2±0.9 vs 1.4±1.1 points) were not significantly different (
P
=.213 vs .729, respectively) between the 2 groups. [
Orthopedics
. 2019; 42(1):e99–e103.]
Femoral Nerve Palsy With Concomitant Patellar Dislocation in a Ballet Dancer
Authors: Tuck Joshua A. , Meads Smith M. , Ramage Jordan L.
Published: December 2018

Femoral nerve palsy with concomitant patellar dislocation is a rare clinical entity that has not previously been well documented. The authors present the case of a 16-year-old female ballet dancer who sustained a patellar dislocation with concomitant femoral nerve palsy. She experienced muscle weakness after the initial injury and developed neuropathic symptoms through the anterior left thigh. The patient exhibited muscle atrophy in her left lower extremity verified by circumferential thigh measurements as well as magnetic resonance imaging showing clear atrophy of the anterior compartment. Electromyography of the left lower extremity verified femoral neuropathy. Gross improvements in muscle strength were noted during the year following initial injury, but circumferential thigh differences persisted. Two years after initial injury, repeat electrodiagnostic studies had normal findings, but subjective left quadriceps weakness persisted and the patient was unable to return to competitive dance. [
Orthopedics
. 2019; 42(2):e273–e275.]
Clinical Outcomes Using a Novel Image-Guided Planning System in Patients With Cataract and IOL Implantation
Authors: Slade Stephen , Lane Stephen , Solomon Kerry
Published: December 2018

PURPOSE:

To determine the proportion of eyes with preexisting astigmatism achieving 0.50 diopters (D) or less of residual refractive cylinder 3 months after either implantation of toric intraocular lenses (IOLs) or corneal incisions using the VERION system (Alcon Laboratories, Inc., Fort Worth, TX) measurement module and digital markers for microscope (M) and laser (L).

METHODS:

Eyes with preexisting astigmatism in the intention-to-treat population were divided into four groups. Eyes in the no laser treatment group underwent toric IOL implantation with the measurement module, vision planner, and digital marker M (n = 102). Eyes in the other three groups underwent implantation of toric (n = 110), monofocal (n = 88), or multifocal (n =100) IOLs using the measurement module, vision planner, and digital marker M, including digital marker L, and LenSx laser (Alcon Laboratories, Inc.). The proportions of eyes achieving 0.50 D or less of relative refractive cylinder and with manifest refraction spherical equivalent (MRSE) deviating 0.50 D or less from the target outcome were evaluated at 3 months.

RESULTS:

The percentages of eyes achieving 0.50 D or less of relative refractive cylinder in the non–laser-treated, toric, monofocal, and multifocal groups at 3 months were 71.6%, 74.5%, 62.5%, and 71.0%, respectively. The percentages of eyes in these four groups with MRSE accuracies deviating 0.50 D or less from the target at 3 months were 69.6%, 80.0%, 77.3%, and 82.0%, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS:

The image-guided surgical planning system was effective in accurate correction of preexisting astigmatism in eyes undergoing refractive cataract surgery with IOL implantation, as shown by residual refractive astigmatism and MRSE at 3 months.

[
J Refract Surg.
2018;34(12):824–831.]
Nuevas líneas de investigación: Tebanillo González, un loco ante la inquisición mexicana (1789-1790)
Authors: Bernabéu Albert Salvador
Published: December 2018

La documentación generada por el Santo Oficio en Iberoamérica nos permite reconstruir vidas singulares que iluminan el pasado histórico de forma diferente. Tras ser acusado de proposiciones, Tebanillo González fue protagonista de un proceso inquisitorial entre 1789 y 1790 a pesar de los indicios y fama de loco. Su caso, poco frecuente, pues los dementes no eran juzgados por el Santo Oficio, nos permite conocer las relaciones de un personaje marginal con el resto de la sociedad y las iniciativas religiosas para controlar una mente desordenada.
Tisser le texte et cacher les fils : l’écriture plurilingue de Manuel Puig
Authors: Cabrera Delfina
Published: December 2018

La production littéraire de l’écrivain argentin Manuel Puig (1932-1990) suscite depuis quelques années un grand intérêt. Néanmoins, l’attention de la critique s’est concentrée essentiellement sur certaines caractéristiques de son œuvre, comme la déstabilisation des genres narratifs, la tension entre la culture des élites et la culture populaire, l’absence de narrateur omniscient, les questions de genre, en laissant inexplorés son plurilinguisme et ses pratiques de traduction. Pour pallier l’absence d’intérêt pour la dimension plurilingue de ses écrits, notre contribution offrira un aperçu de l’usage des langues étrangères dans le processus créatif de Puig. L’étude génétique des documents de travail plurilingues de Puig ouvre en effet la voie à de nouvelles interprétations de son œuvre, en permettant d’aller au-delà de l’image canonisée de l’auteur en tant qu’écrivain latino-américain « monolingue ».
Clearing the Hurdle
Authors: Whatley Melissa
Published: December 2018

The purpose of this chapter is twofold. First, it aims to call attention to the fact that study abroad does take place in the community college sector. Second, this study aims at modeling the relationship between institutional profile characteristics and variations in study abroad participation at community colleges. In this sense, it addresses community college students' ability to access education abroad using the institution as the unit of analysis. Specifically, this study employs data from both the Institute of International Education (IIE) and the Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS) to examine the role institutional characteristics, such as an institution's gender and race/ethnicity composition and its location, play in community college students' participation in study abroad. The hurdle model analytic technique adopted here allows for the examination of these factors' relationship to both an institution's provision of study abroad opportunity and the percentage of students that participate. Results have implications for both policymakers and practitioners who aim to increase the prominence of education abroad in the two-year sector.
Customer Services at the Library Archives of the National University of Lesotho
Authors: Mafube Makatleho Amelia , Keakopa Segomotso Masegonyana
Published: December 2018

This chapter provides an assessment of customer services at the Library Archives of the National University of Lesotho (NUL). It set to find out whether the services delivered to customers in the archives meet customers' information needs. The population of this study were students, archivists, administrators, lecturer/researchers, the public and NUL Library management. The study employed both qualitative and quantitative approaches in the case study design and collected data using questionnaires, interviews, observations and document analysis. From the data analysis, the study has revealed that customers using the Archives at NUL are not fully satisfied with the services offered. It has also emerged that there were no archive policies in place relating to creation, distribution, maintenance and access. It has been observed that there were inadequate and inappropriate facilities necessary to provide quality services at NUL Archives Unit. At the end it is recommended that archives policies that will guide in effective and efficient service delivery in the organisation be developed.
Preserving Memory Through Branding
Authors: Massi Marta , Piancatelli Chiara , Ghilardi Roberta
Published: December 2018

This chapter examines the role of museum brands as the connective tissue of several museum activities, including advocacy, promotion and public programming. Albeit broadly examined with reference to businesses, branding is rarely looked at in the museum context. By providing a review of the literature on museum branding, supported by extracts from interviews with museums managers conducted in the 2008-2018 period, the authors emphasize how the role of brands has progressively become more critical in the museum context and how brand management processes are increasingly developed in order to support museum activities. The chapter emphasizes how museums are not only institutions aimed at preserving their collections, but also organizations that should build an active relationship with their publics. Brands are, therefore, described as relational tools that can help museums to manage the relationship with their different stakeholders, including donors and funders. Managerial implications and future directions are outlined.
The Shift Towards a Digital Business Model
Authors: Scuotto Veronica , Serravalle Francesca , Murray Alan , Viassone Milena
Published: December 2018

The chapter aims to offer a comprehensive overview of the shift towards a digital business model for the female and male entrepreneur. This shift is analyzed by a ground test theory based on a comparative case study. Two case studies, categorized as small to medium enterprises operating in the creative industry in the city of Turin, Italy, are analyzed against the six dimensions of the business model framework—value proposition, target market, value chain, revenue mechanism, value network, and competitive strategy—and then used as a basis to compare a female and a male digital entrepreneur. As emerged, there is not a remarkable difference between the two entrepreneurs. Both stress the relevance of the digital approach in the aforementioned six dimensions of the digital business model, highlighting the relevance of the “value network” to improve employees' working experience and customers' experience.
Exports and Female Entrepreneurs
Authors: Thompson Piers , Zang Wenyu
Published: December 2018

The UK's decision to leave the European Union based on the 2016 referendum has created considerable uncertainty in the UK economy. For UK small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) looking to survive, export markets may become more important. This chapter examines the impact from the presence of foreign direct investment (FDI). The influence of gender on this relationship has not been previously investigated. Using data from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) regression approaches are applied. A negative relationship is found between foreign influence and export propensity and intensity. No evidence is found for female entrepreneurs as a whole being affected to a greater extent. However, female entrepreneurs with less human capital are affected to a greater extent. These findings suggest that when seeking to attract FDI policymakers must be aware of the potential negative consequences. Training offered to the most vulnerable female entrepreneurs in collaboration with foreign affiliates might counter any negative effects to achieve greater positive knowledge spillovers.