bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Successive Optimization of Airfoils, Planform and Twist for Aerodynamic Performance of Helicopter Rotor Blades
Authors:   German Aerospace Center - DLR, Wilke Gunther
Published: July 2023

The design of new helicopter rotor blades is a challenging task. The individual blade sections undergo very different flow conditions during the various flight regimes of the helicopter. In forward flight, the advancing side operates in a transonic regime where potentially shock waves can occur, while on the retreating side little flow velocities at high angle of attacks are seen up to reverse flow. In hover, the oncoming tip vortex of the previous blade drastically influences the inflow on the rotor. This paper joins the classical blade shape design with numerical optimization techniques. Opposing to the direct solution process of directly modifying the blade shape, the rotor blade is conventionally considered as a set of airfoils, a planform and a twist distribution. First, rotor airfoils are found through numerical optimization and then placed on the reference rotor. The planform and twist of this rotor are then also numerical optimized. The obtained trade-off blade for hover and forward flight drastically improved the performance over the reference HART-II blade (11% in forward flight, 5% in hover flight). In order to arrive at industrial relevant blades, further work including more disciplines becomes necessary.
Drag Prediction of the Coaxial PSU-Hub using Helios
Authors:   US Army CCDC AvMC, Jude Dylan ,   Georgia Institute of Technology, Crawford Aaron , Jain Rohit
Published: July 2023

The rotor hub on a traditional helicopter accounts for a significant portion of the overall aircraft drag. On-going experimental research from Pennsylvania State University (PSU) investigates drag from different rotor hub models using a water tunnel with the goal of better understanding sources of hub drag. The experimental work is being performed in tandem with high-fidelity CFD simulations from different groups from government, industry, and academia. This work presents a CFD study on the drag of the coaxial hubs and the components that included stand, sail fairing, and shafts. The HPCMP CREATE-AV Helios CFD framework is used for all simulations. The drag of the components are all compared in a drag build-up study. First, the hubs are run in isolation. Second, the stand/sail is also run in isolation. Third, the hubs and stand/sail are run together. Finally, all hubs, shafts, and stand/sail are combined. Calculations are performed primarily using kCFD within Helios. Comparisons are also made to results using FUN3D as the near-body solver in Helios. Simulations from previous work assumed the shaft influence would be negligible. However, results from this work suggests the presence of the shafts significantly affects the overall drag of the assembly.
Computational Analysis of Coaxial Rotor Hub and Sail Fairing Wake
Authors:   Pennsylvania State University, Deore Neal , Mobley Forrest , Coder James
Published: July 2023

A computational study is conducted for coaxial rotor hubs with a sail fairing to characterize its downstream wake and surface forces. The flow conditions and grids are based on experimental tests performed at the Penn State Applied Research Lab (ARL) Water Tunnel at appropriate Reynolds numbers. Grid development for the rotor hubs and sail fairing is done using Pointwise v18.0R1 and Chimera Grid Tools. Simulations are performed using NASA's OVERFLOW 2.4b Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes solver. The drag forces on the rotor hubs are computed and compared to previous computational studies and experimental results. The drag forces are similar to previous computational studies but still do not match experimental results. The streamwise, spanwise, and vertical velocity components of the wake have been visualized, analyzed, and compared to experimental results. Further work is needed to analyze frequency content and Reynolds stresses.
Effects of Sloped Terrain on In-Ground-Effect Hover Performance for an Isolated Rotor
Authors:   NAVAIR, Prewitt Jack ,   US Naval Academy, Milluzzo Joseph ,   US Naval Test Pilot School, Tritschler John
Published: July 2023

The present work reports the results of an investigation into the performance effects of hovering over sloped terrain for a laboratory-scale rotor. A pair of 1 : 13.24 scale OH-58C rotor blades were operated over a six-axis ground plane which could vary in angle, and rotor performance measurements were collected using a six-axis load cell. The design of the experiment included variation of the ground plane angle, collective blade pitch angle, and rotor height above the ground. The results showed that sloped terrain had a measurable performance degradation for all tested hover regimes, which was found to be greatest at combinations of low rotor hub heights and low blade loading coefficients with degradations up to 9.3% when compared to hover over level terrain. In certain flight regimes, hover over sloped terrain required up to 2.6% more power than hover out-of-ground effect. An increase in blade loading coefficient was seen to improve hover performance over sloped terrain by up to 4.5% rather than degrade performance, which is typically seen when hovering over level terrain. Finally, a model of hover over sloped terrain using a semi-empirical model is presented and discussed.
DE GALHO EM GALHO — LAGERPETIDAE & A ORIGEM DOS PTEROSSAUROS
Authors: Silva João Lucas da , Pinheiro Felipe Lima , Santos Mateus Anilson Costa , Garcia Maurício
Published: July 2023

Leaping from branch to branch - Lagerpetidae and the origin of pterosaurs. Pterosaurs are a group of extinct flying reptiles with emergence in the Triassic and great radiation in the Jurassic and Cretaceous, being the first vertebrates to develop active flight. Since the first pterosaurs already show morphologic patterns that are typical for the clade, there is a substantial gap between the first preserved pterosaurs in the fossil record and their closest relatives. Here, we discuss different phylogenetics proposals presented through decades, being the Dinosauromorpha–Pterosauromorpha Hypothesis the most usually recovered. Even considering this hypothesis, however, the morphological gap persists. Thus, we discuss how the knowledge about Lagerpetidae has helped to elucidate the origin of pterosaurs, since recent works indicates that the group would be nested inside the Pterosauromorpha. Lagerpetidae is a group of small reptiles found in the Upper Triassic of North America, Brazil, Argentina and Madagascar, with the Carnian record thus far restricted to the South hemisphere, and with the first records for North America being Norian in age. Recent discoveries point to the presence of insectivorous dentition among Lagerpetidae, as it happens in Triassic pterosaurs. Thus, insectivory can be assigned as an ancestral diet in Pterosauromorpha. This diet is assigned as a possible driving force to the evolution of flight in Pterosauria. Keywords: Pterosauria, Lagerpetidae, Ornithodira, Triassic.
Pneumovesicoscopic management of bladder neoplasms in children: three case reports
Authors: Cobellis Giovanni , Torino Giovanni , Lisi Gabriele , Ilari Michele , Bindi Edoardo
Published: July 2023

Urothelial bladder neoplasms (UBN) are uncommon in children and are poorly understood. Their management is contentious, and there are currently no pediatric guidelines available, making it difficult to envision a surgical approach that can be defined as the gold standard for the treatment of these diseases. Pneumovesicoscopy, which has already been used to treat other urological diseases, could be a promising treatment option for selected cases of this group of pathologies. We present our experience with three pediatric UBN cases in which pneumovesicoscopy was used for complete excision of a perimeatal papilloma in two cases and biopsy of a botryoid rhabdomyosarcoma in one. The pneumovesicoscopic approach, in our experience, provided a viable alternative technique for the management of selected cases of UBN.
The Utility of Myotonometry in Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation and Human Performance Programming
Authors: McGowen Jared M. , Hoppes Carrie W. , Forsse Jeff S. , Albin Stephanie R. , Abt John , Koppenhaver Shane L.
Published: July 2023

Myotonometry is a relatively novel method used to quantify the biomechanical and viscoelastic properties (stiffness, compliance, tone, elasticity, creep, and mechanical relaxation) of palpable musculotendinous structures with portable mechanical devices called myotonometers. Myotonometers obtain these measures by recording the magnitude of radial tissue deformation that occurs in response to the amount of force that is perpendicularly applied to the tissue through a device’s probe. Myotonometric parameters such as stiffness and compliance have repeatedly demonstrated strong correlations with force production and muscle activation. Paradoxically, individual muscle stiffness measures have been associated with both superior athletic performance and a higher incidence of injury. This indicates optimal stiffness levels may promote athletic performance, whereas too much or too little may lead to an increased risk of injury. Authors of numerous studies suggested that myotonometry may assist practitioners in the development of performance and rehabilitation programs that improve athletic performance, mitigate injury risk, guide therapeutic interventions, and optimize return-to-activity decision-making. Thus, the purpose of our narrative review was to summarize the potential utility of myotonometry as a clinical tool that assists musculoskeletal clinicians with the diagnosis, rehabilitation, and prevention of athletic injuries.
Block Performance Indices of Perivascular and Perineural Techniques of Ultrasound-Guided Axillary Block in Upper Limb Surgeries
Authors: Adebayo Oluwaseun Kehinde , Eyelade Olayinka R.
Published: July 2023

Background:

Nerve block anesthesia is a common regional anesthesia used for upper limb surgeries because of its ability to target the operative site and provision of impressive postanesthetic pain relief. This randomized, single-blinded study compared the quality of block of the perineural (PN) and perivascular (PV) techniques of axillary brachial plexus block under ultrasound guidance.

Methods:

Sixty-six participants were recruited into either PV or PN groups. The local anesthetic (LA) comprised 14 ml of 0.5% bupivacaine, 14 ml of 1% lidocaine, and 2 ml of dexmedetomidine (50 μg/ml). Under ultrasound guidance, 6 ml of LA was deposited around the musculocutaneous nerve for both groups. For the PV group, 24 ml was deposited dorsal to the axillary artery while 8 ml each was deposited around median, radial, and ulnar nerves for the PN group.

Results:

The mean total procedure time in PN group was significantly longer than in the PV group (7.82 ± 0.95 min vs. 4.79 ± 1.11 min; P = 0.001). Participants in the PN group required more needle passes (66.7% required 4 passes while 81.8% required only 2 passes in the PV group). The success rate was 100% in PN group and 93.9% in PV group (P = 0.49).

Conclusion:

The PV and PN techniques were comparable in terms of their success rates and total anesthesia-related times. The PN technique had higher success rate and faster block onset, but the PV provided a quicker performance time and fewer needle passes. Hence, PV technique may be preferable to PN for high-volume surgical units.
Does Follow-up D-Dimer Level Help in Predicting Oxygenation Status, Ventilatory Support Requirement, Lung Fibrosis, and Thromboembolic Events in Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pneumonia? A Prospective Observational Study in a Tertiary Care Setting in India
Authors: Patil Shital , Acharya Abhijit , Gondhali Gajanan , Narwade Ganesh
Published: July 2023

Introduction:

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia is a heterogeneous disease with variable effects on lung parenchyma, airways, and vasculature, leading to long-term effects on lung functions.

Materials and Methods:

This multicentric, prospective, observational, and interventional study included 1000 COVID-19 cases confirmed with reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction. All cases were assessed with high-resolution computed tomography thorax, oxygen saturation, inflammatory marker as D-dimer at the entry point, and follow-up. Age, gender, comorbidity, use of bilevel positive airway pressure/noninvasive ventilation (BiPAP/NIV), and outcome as with or without lung fibrosis as per CT severity were key observations. In selected cases, we have performed lower limb venous Doppler and computed tomography (CT) pulmonary angiography to rule out deep-vein thrombosis (DVT) or pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) respectively. Statistical analysis is performed by using Chi-square test.

Observations and Analysis:

Age (<50 and >50 years) and gender (male vs. female) has a significant association with D-dimer level (P < 0.00001 and P < 0.010, respectively). CT severity score at the entry point with the D-dimer level has a significant correlation (P < 0.00001). The D-dimer level has a significant association with the duration of illness before hospitalization (P < 0.00001). Comorbidities have a significant association with D-dimer levels (P < 0.00001). D-dimer level has a significant association with oxygen saturation (P < 0.00001). BIPAP/NIV requirement has a significant association with the D-dimer level (P < 0.00001). Timing of BIPAP/NIV requirement during hospitalization has a significant association with D-dimer level (P < 0.00001). Follow-up D-dimer titer during hospitalization as compared to normal and abnormal to entry point level has a significant association with post-COVID lung fibrosis, DVT, and PTE (P < 0.00001).

Conclusions:

D-dimer has documented a very crucial role in COVID-19 pneumonia in predicting the severity of illness and assessing response to treatment during hospitalization, and follow-up titers have a significant role in step-up or step-down interventions in a critical care setting.
Household Coverage of Ivermectin Distribution in Birnin Kudu Local Government Area of Jigawa State, Nigeria
Authors: Raji Lukman A. , Babalola Olufemi E. , Musa Danjuma , Hassan Amina , Raji Ismail , Umar Murtala M. , Ogungbenjo Jimoh A. , Alhassan Mahmoud B.
Published: July 2023

Purpose:

To assess community-directed treatment coverage with Ivermectin (CDTI) in Onchocerciasis-endemic communities in Birnin Kudu local government area (LGA) Jigawa state.

Subjects and Methods:

This was a community-based multistaged cross-sectional survey based on probability proportional to size. The study involved the administration of a questionnaire on 2021 respondents from 207 households. Also, 30 Community Leaders and Community Directed Distributors (CDDs) were purposively selected for interview from the communities visited.

Results:

Overall, 2021 respondents from the 2031 sampled population took part in the study giving a response rate of 99.6%. Slightly above half, 1130 (55.9%) were males. The geographic and therapeutic coverage of mass drug administration of Ivermectin achieved in the LGA was 100% and 79.9%, respectively. The key factors affecting coverage includes the unavailability of drugs (48.8%), absenteeism of some of the household members (31%), and inadequate incentives to the CDDs by the government and poor record keeping by the CDDs.

Conclusion:

This study found that the minimum geographic and therapeutic coverage of Ivermectin distribution was achieved by CDD as recommended by the World Health Organization for the control of onchocerciasis. For this to be sustained and to achieve elimination, there must be an adequate supply of ivermectin, training of CDDs, retraining of CDDs, adequate supervision in record keeping, and health education to the community.
Comparison of Accuracy of Protrusive Condylar Guidance Registration by Two Interocclusal Recording Materials in Edentulous Patients
Authors: Dhinesh Kumar C. , Selvaraj Sunantha , Mohan Jayashree , Raju Ramesh
Published: July 2023

Background and Purpose:

During complete denture fabrication making Interocclusal records plays an integral role to obtain the condylar guidance value. The study was conducted to compare the protrusive condylar guidance registration by two interocclusal recording materials-Quick setting plaster and Luxabite®(bisacrylic composite) in semi adjustable articulator for completely edentulous patients.

Methodology:

Maxillary and Mandibular casts of the completely edentulous patients were mounted in Hanau®Wide Vue articulator. The Quick setting plaster and Luxabite®(bisacrylic composite) was used as interocclusal recording materials to program the protrusive condylar guidance angles in the articulators.

Results:

The protrusive condylar guidance values registered in the articulator for the different interocclusal records were tabulated and statistically analyzed.. The mean protrusive condylar guidance values registered in the articulator was compared with two parameters obtained from the radiographic tracings – the protrusive condylar path angle obtained with Quick setting plaster and Luxabite with the inclination of articular eminence to the Frankfort horizontal plane.

Conclusion:

From the study it was concluded that the Luxabite®(bisacrylic composite) material demonstrated better reproducibility of protrusive condylar guidance registration.than the Quick setting plaster.
Audit of Emergency Obstetric Referrals at a Tertiary Center in Kano
Authors: Takai Idris Usman , Yusuf Murtala , Bashir Halima
Published: July 2023

Introduction:

Maternal and perinatal deaths could be prevented if functional referral systems are in place to allow pregnant women to get appropriate services when complications occur.

Methodology:

The study was a 1-year retrospective study of obstetric referrals in Aminu Kano Teaching hospital, from 1st January to 31st December 2019. Records of all emergency obstetrics patients referred to the hospital for 1 year were reviewed. A structured proforma was used to extract information such as sociodemographic characteristics of the patients, indications for referral, and pre-referral treatment. The care given at the receiving hospital was extracted from the patients' folders. An Audit standard was developed and the findings were compared with the standards in order to determine how the referral system in the study area perform in relation to the standard.

Results:

There were total of 180 referrals, the mean age of the women was 28.5 ± 6.3 years. Majority (52%) of the patients were referred from Secondary Centres and only 10% were transported with an ambulance. The most common diagnosis at the time of referral was severe preeclampsia. More than half of the patients (63%) had to wait for 30 to 60 minutes before they see a doctor. All the patients were offered high quality care and majority (70%) were delivered via caesarean section.

Conclusion:

There were lapses in the management of patients before referral; failure to identify high risk conditions, delay in referral, and lack of treatment during transit to the referral centre.
An Unusual Cause of T-wave Humps in a Patient with Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Dong Zhenyu , Yusup Muyassar , Lu Yanmei , Tang Baopeng
Published: July 2023

In this article, we report a patient with Takotsubo cardiomyopathy whose electrocardiogram (ECG) showed a T-wave hump, an ECG phenomenon characterized by T-wave splitting corresponding to early posterior polarization. T-wave hump is a harbinger of impending paroxysmal tachycardia, especially when alternating with prolonged QT interval and large volt T waves. In summary, patients with Takotsubo cardiomyopathy may experience ventricular arrhythmias during the acute phase.
Synchronous Occurrence of Adult Granulosa Cell Tumor with Fibroma in One Ovary and Brenner Tumor in Other Ovary: An Extremely Unusual Case
Authors: Yadav Alka , Pujani Mukta , Singh Kanika , Chauhan Varsha , Singh Aparna , Sharma Jagadish Chandra
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Ovarian tumors are a common form of neoplasia in women and it accounts for about 30% of female genital cancers. A coexistence of ovarian tumors with the same histogenetic origin such as germ cell or epithelial or sex cord stromal, but different histologic subtype is relatively common, whereas a synchronous occurrence of tumors with different histogenetic origin is rare. We report a case of 58-year-old woman with the synchronous presentation of adult granulosa cell tumor with fibroma (ovarian tumors with the same origin (sex cord stromal) but different histologic type) in one ovary and Brenner tumor (epithelial origin) in other ovary. Our patient presented with postmenopausal bleeding and was diagnosed with this rare combination of ovarian tumors on histopathology supplemented with immunohistochemistry. On extensive literary search, there is only a single report of mixed ovarian tumor composed of Brenner tumor and adult-type granulosa cell tumor. Our case is different from the above-mentioned report as although, in our patient both tumors coexisted, but in contralateral ovaries.
О непрерывной зависимости решения дифференциального уравнения от правой части и краевых условий
Authors: Avakov Evgeny Rachievich , Magaril-Il'yaev Georgii Georgievich
Published: July 2023

Доказывается теорема о непрерывной зависимости решения дифференциального уравнения от правой части и краевых условий общего вида.
Библиография: 5 названий.
A GOVERNANÇA CORPORATIVA AFETA A ESTRUTURA DE CAPITAL? EVIDÊNCIAS DAS EMPRESAS LISTADAS NA BRASIL BOLSA BALCÃO NO PERÍODO 2010-2020
Authors: Ribeiro João Eduardo , Souza Antônio Artur de
Published: July 2023

As especificidades e o dinamismo do mercado brasileiro, frente às transformações nas corporações, requerem a periódica atualização dos estudos acerca da estrutura de capital das empresas brasileiras. A teoria da agência conecta a estrutura de capital à governança corporativa que tem como uma de suas funções a salvaguarda dos direitos dos acionistas. Nesse sentido, o objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a relação entre governança corporativa e a estrutura de capital das empresas brasileiras. Para tanto, foram utilizados modelos de dados em painel em uma amostra composta por 118 empresas não financeiras com ações negociadas pela Brasil Bolsa Balcão entre os anos de 2010 e 2020. Além dos Níveis Diferenciados de Governança Corporativa, utilizou-se um índice de avaliação da qualidade da governança para o mercado de capitais brasileiro, criado a partir de questões objetivas com intuito de representar os mecanismos de governança apontados pela literatura como capazes de reduzir os conflitos de agência. Evidenciou-se que a governança corporativa parece não influenciar a estrutura de capital das empresas brasileiras, ou seja, há outros fatores relevantes na decisão do gestor no que tange o endividamento, como variáveis macroeconômicas, por exemplo. Ademais, constatou-se que a Teoria Pecking Order revelou-se a mais adequada em explicar o nível de endividamento geral e de curto prazo, enquanto para o endividamento de longo prazo, a relação entre as variáveis não apontou o predomínio de nenhuma das teorias analisadas. Esses resultados são importantes para os gestores e acionistas das empresas que demandam capital de terceiros para financiar suas atividades, assim como para os credores que necessitam reduzir seus riscos de crédito.
Isolation and Selection of Antagonistic Bacteria against Cercospora arachidicola Causing Brown Spot on Peanut
Authors: Thanh Khang Le , Yen Thao Tran
Published: July 2023

This study was conducted with the aim to isolation bacterial strains capable of antagonism to Cercospora arachidicola (Passalora arachidicola) causing brown spot in peanut. From 3 soil samples collected in the rhizosphere of peanut grown in Tay Ninh province, Vietnam, 10 bacterial strains were found having antagonistic action with Cercospora arachidicola. After 5 days of testing, the antagonistic efficiency of all isolates ranged from 33.33±1.28 to 60.183±0.927%. Studying the antagonistic mechanism showed that 5/10 isolates produced siderophore, 5/10 isolates were capable of decomposing chitin, 7/10 isolates capable of decomposing cellulase and 8/10 isolates proteolytic. Basing on the results of 16S rRNA gene sequence combined with morphological and biochemical characteristics, TN-TB 4, TN-TB 6 and TN-TB 12 were identified as Bacillus, representing the genera Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Bacillus pasterurii, and Bacillus velezensis, respectively. These strains of antagonistic bacteria have the potential to produce probiotics.
Highly efficient adsorption of arsenite from aqueous by zirconia modified activated carbon
Authors: Chuc Pham Ngoc , Bac Nguyen Quang , Thao Dao Thi Phuong , Kien Nguyen Trung , Chi Nguyen Thi Ha , Noi Nguyen Van , Nguyen Vo Thang , Bich Nguyen Thi Hong , Nhiem Dao Ngoc , Khieu Dinh Quang
Published: July 2023

In the present study, activated carbon decorated with zirconia nanoparticle composite (ZrO2/AC) have been prepared using hydrothermal method and then utilized as an adsorbent for the removal of arsenite from aqueous solution. The composite is composed of highly agglomerated ZrO2 particles on AC surface. The high surface area of the synthesized adsorbent results in its high adsorption capacity toward arsenite. Adsorption isotherm and kinetic data of arsenite adsorption process can be well fitted to the Langmuir isotherm with maximum monolayer adsorption capacity of 64.00 mg.g-1. The experimental results suggest that the adsorption process of arsenite onto ZrO2/AC material involves the formation of both outer-sphere and inner-sphere complexes between arsenite and adsorbent. The high adsorption ability toward arsenite as well as the high recyclable nature of this material makes it a potential alternative material for the removal of toxic heavy metals from wastewater.
Smart Contract – Problems with Taking Evidence in Polish Civil Proceedings in the Light of European Regulations
Authors: Kaczmarek-Templin Berenika
Published: July 2023

In recent years, we have observed an amazing development of new technologies; many contracts come into effect without paper documents being signed. New possibilities have appeared, for example, the smart contract (also known as the digital contract or blockchain). In some cases, there is a dispute between the participants in the smart contract, e.g., as to the manner of its implementation. A court case might be necessary to resolve the dispute. As in any dispute, evidence proceedings will have to be conducted. The smart contract should appear as a proof. However, due to its unusual nature and complicated status under substantive law, as well as the fact that it is produced by new technological solutions, it is essential to determine its admissibility as evidence. The procedural law regulates in detail only traditional evidence. The smart contract has not been regulated in procedural regulations, therefore, its status needs to be established in the context of the existing documentary evidence. This article aims to contribute to the discussion on the status of smart contracts in civil court proceedings. Primarily, it should be determined whether the smart contract can be considered a document within the meaning of procedural law. In the Polish legal system, the document is defined as an information carrier whose content can be read. Accordingly, the smart contract meets the definition criteria. However, in the absence of provisions governing the manner of taking documentary evidence, it may be difficult to actually take such evidence and establish its value. The article also draws attention to Regulation (EU) No 910/2014 of the European Parliament and of the Council on electronic identification and trust services for electronic transactions in the internal market and repealing Directive 1999/93 / EC. Its art. 46 refers to the legal effectiveness of electronic documents and prohibits discrimination against evidence from such documents, which should undoubtedly contribute to the acceptance of a smart contract as evidence in civil proceedings.
International Legal Mechanisms for Holding the Russian Federation Accountable for Causing Environmental Damage as a Result of Armed Aggression against Ukraine
Authors: Golovko Liudmyla
Published: July 2023

As a result of the armed aggression of the Russian Federation against Ukraine, significant damage was caused to the environment. Official data published by the Ministry of Ecology and Natural Resources of Ukraine regarding the extent of environmental damage already caused indicates catastrophic consequences. That is why it is important to establish the illegality of causing environmental damage as a result of hostilities, to properly collect evidence, establish the amount of damage caused and to hold the Russian Federation accountable for causing this damage. The steps taken by Ukraine to achieve the abovementioned tasks were disclosed. The article analyses existing international mechanisms for environmental protection during armed conflicts and the possibility of holding Russian Federation responsible for environmental damage caused to Ukraine as a result of armed aggression. A conclusion was made about the possibility of holding the Russian Federation accountable for environmental damage according to the customary norms of the law of international responsibility by creating a special international tribunal.
30th Anniversary of the Adoption of the Act on the National Bank of Slovakia
Authors: Katkovčin Maroš
Published: July 2023

The international scientific legal conference organised at occasion of the 30th anniversary of the adoption of Act No. 566/1992 Coll. on the National Bank of Slovakia, as amended was held at the premises of the National Bank of Slovakia (hereinafter as the “NBS”) on the 24th of November 2022. The conference was organised by the Department of Financial Law of the Faculty of Law of Comenius University Bratislava in cooperation with the NBS. The conference was focused on the legal aspects of the functioning and transformation of the NBS and banking system in Slovakia over the past 30 years – from the days of the Czechoslovak currency, the independent Slovak currency to the euro and future considerations about digital currency (especially digital euro). The conference was held simultaneously online. The conference was attended by domestic as well as foreign guests.
Estresse, Ansiedade E Depressão Em Acadêmicos De Odontologia De Uma Instituição De Montes Claros
Authors: Gonçalves Maria Fernanda Pimenta , Rebelo Pâmela Machado , Macedo de Oliveira Marcos Vinícius
Published: July 2023

Objetivo: avaliar a ocorrência de estresse, ansiedade e depressão e fatores associadosem acadêmicos de odontologia de uma faculdade privada do norte de Minas Gerais. Método:Foi avaliada a associação entre ocorrência de quadros de ansiedade, estresse e depressão evariáveis sociodemográficas e clínicas de 266 acadêmicos. Resultados: Ocorreu a presença degrau moderado a muito severo de estresse em 37,2%, ansiedade em 47,4%, e depressão em32,7% dos estudantes. A chance de quadros moderados a muito severos de estresse foramsignificativamente maiores no sexo feminino, até o 2º ano, que relataram taquicardia ao pensarno futuro profissional, surgimento ou intensificação dos sintomas após ingressar na faculdade.Na ansiedade, as maiores chances dos quadros moderados a muito severos se associaram com as mulheres, até o 4º ano, sensação de insônia e taquicardia ao pensar no futuro profissional e uso frequente de ansiolíticos. Os quadros moderados a muito severos de depressão apresentaram maior chance de ocorrência entre estudantes até o 2º ano, com dificuldades para lidar com mudanças e incertezas, relataram insônia e taquicardia frequentemente ao pensar no futuro profissional. Conclusão: Elevados níveis de estresse, ansiedade e depressão nos acadêmicos apresentam aspectos multifatoriais relacionados a fatores internos e externos à universidade.
TEACHERS’ SELF-EFFICACIOUS BELIEFS APROPOS GENDER EQUALITY PRIORITIZING TO THE UNITED NATIONS SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS 5
Authors: Mehboob Ul Hassan Dr. , Prof. Dr. Abid Hussain Ch  , Muhammad Rizwan  , Naila Zaigham
Published: July 2023

Teachers are the important figure in society. They are the nation builders, and information providers and disseminate knowledge among students focusing on their efficacious beliefs for gender equality; the United Nations global agenda, 2030. As the globe intends to strengthen harmony among states, prosperity, lifelong learning, and well-being focusing on the aspect of gender equality accordingly. To spread national and international messages within states, the teachers are the backbone who confidently cooperate and implement the stances accordingly. Likewise, the authors structured the current research to figure out the aspect of teachers’ self-efficacious beliefs playing a role in prioritizing the United Nations SDG 5 “gender equality”. The authors planned the current research on a sample of 674 primary school teachers working in public sector schools of District Lahore. After obtaining unfettered and unrestricted permissions from the authors, the administration of standardized instruments assists the researcher to collect the data from participants. Following piloting criteria and ensuring reliability and normality statistics, the authors applied parametric statistics to analyze the data for smooth results in SPSS. The results revealed that teachers’ self-efficacious beliefs have a 74.90% influence on enhancing gender equality and were important to spreading UN, SDG 5 “gender equality”. Primary school teachers have equally treated and disseminated knowledge among students. However, the authors have identified that in public sector educational institutions, the government is hardly focusing on SGD to implement the UN global agenda. The current research recommends that the government of Pakistan, train teachers, conduct workshops, and arrange the speeches of motivational speakers to spread the UN 17 goals with 169 integrated targets.
College Education Students' Learning Experiences on the Advent of Online Distance Education in the Philippines: A Phenomenological Study
Authors: Tuguic Lalin A. , Bilan Henry P.
Published: July 2023

The introduction of online distance learning in the Philippines was like the emergence of an uninvited houseguest who refused to leave. This pandemic disrupted the status quo of education, and as a result, institutions resorted to using online distance learning methods. The purpose of this research was to explore the home-based learning experiences of college education students. Phenomenological interviews were used to collect information from 15 participants of the study. Overall, a text analysis was structured around their perspectives on learning during the COVID-19 pandemic and found significant themes related to online distance education like methods and means regarding how college students manage their learning activities; challenges unique to online distance education including issues with technology and internet access, problems creating a conducive learning atmosphere, and a lack of financial resources for acquiring necessary learning resources. Yet, online distance education has positives like lower costs as travel and uniforms are cut; students become adaptable to the circumstances and independent learners; and some can work while learning to support themselves. Students' technological capacity, personal beliefs, and viewpoints to support learning resolve the problems.
PRELIMINARY DETECTION METHOD FOR HEAVY METALS BIOMONITORING VIA INHIBITIVE ASSAY OF BRAIN ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE FROM DIODON HYSTRIX
Authors:   Universiti Malaysia Sabah, NORDIN NOREEN , ABDULLA RAHMATH ,   Universiti Malaysia Sabah, TAHIR ROHANA ,   Universiti Malaysia Sabah, JAWAN ROSLINA ,   Universiti Malaysia Sabah, MOHD HAMDAN DIANA DEMIYAH ,   Universiti Malaysia Sabah, ZAHARI NUR ZAIDA ,   Universiti Malaysia Sabah, GANSAU JUALANG AZLAN ,   Universiti Malaysia Sabah, SHUKOR MOHD YUNUS ,   Universiti Putra Malaysia, SABULLAH MOHD KHALIZAN ,   Universiti Malaysia Sabah
Published: July 2023

Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) is a well-known enzyme sensitive to pesticide exposure, but heavy metal sensitivity is rarely reported. Here, AChE extracted from the brain tissue of Diodon hystrix was exploited and used in a fast and economical way to sensitively detect the existence of heavy metals in a water sample. An inhibitive enzyme assay was conducted, and the activity of AChE was found to be sensitive (> 20% inhibition) to sub-million levels of arsenic, cadmium, nickel, and zinc and less sensitive (< 20% inhibition) to copper and lead. While exposure to argentum, cobalt, and chromium shows no significant inhibition, AChE is not sensitive to those metal ions (p < 0.05). Field test work has proved that the assay is suitable for preliminary detecting heavy metal contamination in the river, especially near industrial and mining sites. Secondary validation was performed using ICP-OES to identify and measure the number of elements in the sample and compare them to the inhibition level of AChE activity.
Relationship between the effectiveness of Good Corporate Governance (GCG) policies with the occurrence of corruption cases in the State-Owned Enterprises environment
Authors: Rahmat Saleh Harahap
Published: July 2023

In the economic system, the role of State-Owned Enterprises is as an implementer of public services, distribution of resources that control the lives of many people, as pioneers/pioneers in the business sector that are not yet desirable by the private sector and as a source of state revenue. This role can be realized if the State-Owned Enterprise in its objectives can implement the principles of Good Corporate Governance (GCG) well. But in reality, it is often difficult to face challenges faced by State-Owned Enterprises managers in implementing good governance. The intervention of State-Owned Enterprises business management with a political-bureaucratic approach that is no different from other government agencies. And at worst there are still a series of corruption cases carried out by the leadership of State-Owned Enterprises to seek personal gain. This is certainly a contradiction with State-Owned Enterprise's governance which is always published. Existing GCG implementation policies are deemed ineffective because they are not adhered to. This illustrates that business governance in ` State-Owned Enterprises itself has not been going well. Improvement in the application of good corporate governance (GCG) must be carried out immediately and the improvement of the GCG ecosystem of the State-Owned Enterprise itself must receive the attention of the government. Synergy is needed with the government's commitment to forcing State-Owned Enterprises to implement GCG in a transparent and accountable manner, with a high level of professionalism and effectiveness.

Keywords: Good Corporate Governance State-Owned Enterprises Government Implementation
The Implementation of Zakat Profession By Employees Income in Public Health Center (PHC) Sitopeng Cirebon City
Authors: Mohammad Ridwan  , Andini Triwulan
Published: July 2023

ZAKAT is an obligation of  Muslims as a form of concern fellow a man in establishing the relationship between man and Allah and man's relationship with other humans. With the obligations of zakat, in addition to fostering the relationship with Allah SWT also can tighten the rope the relationship between human beings. The aim of the research is that to identify understanding and application of zakat profession on employee income at Public Health Center  Sitopeng  Cirebon City. Method used in this research is qualitative method with data collection techniques are observation and interview. Based on the research results obtained it can be concluded that 1. Implementation of professional alms employees on Public Health Center Sitopeng has not been maximized because of the lack of employee understanding of the provisions on professional zakat regarding the law, calculation and distribution of professional zakat. Besides that, there is still a lack of socialization on professional zakat from the government or the nearest Zakat Institution. 2. Employee income at Public Health Center Sitopeng has indeed reached the Regional Minimum Wage (UMR) standard for Cirebon City but for the obligation to fulfill the professional zakat it still does not meet the nishob requirements set by the Islamic Sharia, but employees The Sitopeng Health Center can give a portion of its assets through Shodaqoh or infaq.
Our Journey with the City: Deciphering WRI India Ross Center’s Influence in Bengaluru
Authors: Chanchani Radha , Dhindaw Jaya , King Robin , Pai Madhav
Published: July 2023

This paper discusses WRI India Ross Center’s experience working in Bengaluru in order to understand the results of its deep engagement through the Sustainable Cities program. It captures a decade of growth, work, outcomes and learnings for the organization, along with evaluating its role in advancing broader ecosystem change in the city.
Consumer Sentiments of the Population as an Indicator of Socio-Economic Changes
Authors: Dementeva Irina
Published: July 2023

Transformation processes occurring in the socio-economic life of modern society, have a direct impact in people's minds, their sentiments, perceptions, estimates and, consequently, in behavior. An important area of research today is the use of the instruments for the study of socio-economic processes, which take into account subjective perceptions, evaluations, intentions, expectations and their impact on macroeconomic phenomena. One of these tools is the consumer confidence index (CCI) which is a multi-component indicator that is calculated on the basis of sociological information. This article examines trends in consumer sentiment of the Vologda oblast residents, examines the features of private components of the IPN study of consumer attitudes in terms of various socio-demographic and income groups of the population. The use of an index for macroeconomic research provides a rare opportunity to incorporate psychological factors when modeling and forecasting the economy. Preparation of forecasts of the socio-economic situation gives an opportunity to capture trends that are often difficult to detect using traditional econometric methods, and, on this basis, to make adjustments in the management of economic processes.
Habitus of Confidence and Identity
Authors: Guzhavina Tatyana
Published: July 2023

The problem of identity has become relevant at present. Being formed in a social environment, identity gives one a sense of the significance of its existence, becomes a means of unification, and provides the solidarization at the macro and micro levels of society. As a

multifaceted phenomenon, identity is studied in various fields of science. In sociology, the attention of identity is given to various concepts, among which the structural constructivism

by P. Bourdieu can be distinguished. Identity is based on the classification of entities each other’s interaction, on the identification of identical practices. At the base of the identical practices are similar principles of their creation. The concept of habitus provides an analytical model for studying and identifying the principles on the basis of which the interaction practices are created. In our case, as a habit, we consider the trust and the structures in which it is formed. Family structures and friendly networks act as such. To assess the formation of the habitus of trust in family structures, we believe it is possible on the basis of studying the opinion of respondents regarding the degree of interpersonal trust. The data indicate a high prevalence of this principle. A number of practices confirm this. Among them, the friendship and trust of friends, and seeking help in difficult situations.
Comparative Analysis of the Influence of Coaches' Beliefs on the Attitude of Athletes to the Use of Prohibited Substances
Authors: Hovhannisyan Areg , Sahakyan Gohar , Ukleba Teimuraz , Arhip Elena , Jalleh Geoffrey , Donovan Rob
Published: July 2023

This study focuses on the beliefs and attitudes towards doping of Coaches and Athletes in Armenia, Georgia and Moldova, and on the similarities and differences between Armenia, Georgia and Moldova on these measures.
In total, 270 coaches and 810 athletes were selected and completed the questionnaire. Self-completion questionnaires for coaches and athletes were developed in a first-phase Pilot study and approved by World Anti-Doping Agency. Overall, 14% of participants represented team sports disciplines and 86% represented individual sports disciplines. More than half of the athletes were international-level athletes. About 80% of coaches and athletes were males. Whilst there was some variation between the three countries in mean ages and experience of participants, none of these was statistically significant. Analyzing the results, we can conclude that the social and professional behavior of coaches may not be the reason that may push athletes to use the Prohibited substances. The great danger is the illiteracy of coaches in the anti-doping field.
If we compare the results obtained in this study with previous data in other studies, it can be assumed that coaches' delusions are transmitted to athletes, which are formed as a result of receiving incorrect information from other coaches or the media. In some cases, such as in relation to the Prohibited List, this may lead to unforeseen consequences. The obtained results show that it mandatory to include the information in the educational programs for coaches, about the athletes’ duties, ways and means to control their behavior, revealing in detail the mechanisms of such control. A necessary condition for the new Educational program for coaches may also be the holding of education seminars and workshops for athletes with the obligatory presence of their coaches using “the coach and his athletes” formula.
FORENSIC MEDICINE AND FORENSIC TAPHONOMY
Authors: Castro Gabriel , Duarte Ana , Araujo Melanny , Santana Jose , Santos Lucas , Maciel Suzana
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Taphonomy is a term that comes to be inserted into the study of transformative phenomena to designate the study of the transition of biological remains from death to fossilization. This article aims to elucidate the concept, scope and importance of this study for legal medicine. Material and method: This is an integrative review carried out in the period from August to September 2021, through searches in databases such as PubMed, SciELO and Google Academic. Descriptors were used: taphonomy, legal medicine and transformative phenomena. Results: Taphonomy is a study aimed at understanding the stages that human beings go through after their death, whether this phenomenon has a destructive transformation (autolysis, maceration and putrefaction) or conservative (mummification, calcification, saponification, freezing, corification and fossilization). Discussion: Destructive transformative phenomena are processes capable of accelerating the destruction of the body and all its composition, so the preservatives in corpses will be those that will delay the event of putrefaction, causing the usual characteristics of post-death to be modified in rhythm and time. In addition, they will be related to intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Conclusion: Death is not a moment, it is a gradual process until the vital cessation of vital functions of the individual or his brain death. Therefore, the cadaveric phenomena, which make up this study, define the alterations that the body undergoes during decomposition, being of extreme importance for legal medicine and criminal investigation.