bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Análisis jurídico de las funciones de los consejos comunitarios en territorios colectivos de comunidades negras
Authors: Cuesta Rentería Jhadiana Lucía , Hinestroza Cuesta Lisneider
Published: February 2018

Este artículo tiene por objetivo, analizar las funciones de los consejos comunitarios de comunidades negras. En ese orden de ideas, utilizando la investigación documental, se revisó la legislación sobre consejos comunitarios expedida en Colombia, encontrándose que no se establece de forma textual una clasificación de las funciones atribuidas a estos; Teniendo en cuenta lo anterior y de acuerdo a lo analizado se realizó la clasificación de dichas funciones en: Ambientales, políticas, civiles y jurídicas.
Retos salariales en la libre circulación de capitales foráneos: un salario globalizado
Authors: Manotas Cabarcas José David , Figueredo Medina Gerardo
Published: February 2018

La inversión directa de capitales extranjeros en países en vías de desarrollo, se rige por principios económicos que procuran el menor costo operativo. Desde ese punto de vista los salariosaltos traen como consecuencia una baja rentabilidad para el inversionista. Ello ha implicado en países como Bangladesh, que losmanufactureros textiles sean considerados mano de obra esclava, ya que la retribución por el trabajo es pírricoy las condiciones en las que se realiza el trabajo es deplorable. En ese sentido, el presente trabajo busca desde el salario, concretamente salario globalizado, propender hacia la construcción teórica que ofrezca argumentos válidos por una redistribución de la riqueza por vía del salario, que no ubique estrictamente los beneficios económicos en el capital extranjero establecido. Esto se hace desde una perspectiva ética y filosófica, consecuente del escenario que ha propendido facilidades y políticas beneficiosas a la inversión y el establecimiento de capitales extranjeros.
La reelección: No es opción para la democracia. Caso Colombia.
Authors: Velez Gallego Gabriela
Published: February 2018

El texto reflexiona y analiza  sobre el proceso de reelección en Colombia sucedido en el 2006  y como este podría  repercutir en la constitución de 1991, además de la propuesta de una tercera reelección con tintes de liderazgo personalizado que van en coherencia con los procesos electorales ocurridos en América Latina entre noviembre de 2005 y diciembre de 2006, particularmente las doce elecciones presidenciales, donde  se resaltan aspectos fundamentales de la   función de la democracia, la cual está siendo cuestionada por las reelecciones indefinidas en algunos países en especial en Sudamérica. Con base en estos análisis se sustentan los conceptos nucleares de la constitución de 1991 como es la democracia participativa, dando posibilidades a otros actores y movimientos sociales a participar en las contiendas electorales con las mismas garantías que los partidos tradicionales. En este sentido, la reflexión  gira alrededor del surgimiento de los liderazgos personales, que garantizan la continuidad de proyectos políticos, siempre y cuando estos  se  encarnen en un  liderazgo de índole personal, la preservación de los intereses creados en torno a su gobierno, las carreras políticas de sus colaboradores, etc., dependen de que ese líder personal se mantenga físicamente en el gobierno, generando de esa forma que todo estará ligado y direccionado por las relaciones entre el resto de los dirigentes y el gobierno  por la figura del presidente y no del partido.
Sestavení kompetitivní enzymové imunoanalýzy pro stanovení α-laktalbuminu a β-laktoglobulinů kravského mléka
Authors: Karasova L. , Rauch P. , Fukal L.
Published: February 2018

Polyclonal antibodies were raised against three immunogens- a-lactalbumin (LA), -lactoglobulin A (LGA) and B (LGB). Using these antibodies the procedures of an indirect competitive enzyme immunoassay (ELISA) were constructed, optimized a nd characterized for determination of indi vidual immunogens. It was found that ELISA of LA is very specific without any inter­ ferences of other whey proteins. However, in ELlSAs of both lactoglobulins A and B were demonstrated very high interferences of the other genetic varian t (cross-reactivities  20-280% depending on antibody and immu nogen). An excellent sensitivity of ELISA for all proteins (detection limits for LA, LGA and LGB were 13, 0.4 and 54 ng/ml, respectively) makes it possible to analyze milk samples diluted more than 1000 times. Average values of variation coefficient were in the range 16-27%. A compari­ son of whey protein determinations in raw cow's milk by ELISA and by capillary electrophoresis resulted in the best similarit y in results of LA concentration. The decrease of LA, LGA and LGB concen trations was detected by using capillary electrophoresis for an analysis of whey from heat-treated milk, while ELISA of the same milk sample showed the increase of LGB immunoreac­ tivity to 700%.
Štúidium rastu a produkcie biogénnych amínov niektorými mikroorganizmami za modelových podmienok
Authors: Greif G. , Greifova M. , Dvoran J. , Karovicova J. , Buchtova V.
Published: February 2018

The study was aimed at the growth of selected strains from the family Enterobacteriaceae (Escherichia coli,  Enterobacter aerogenes and Klebsiella pneumoniae) in meat-peptone (MPB) broth and cabbage juice at different cultivation temperatures, and at the production of biogenic amines (cadaverine, putrescine, histamine). Bacterial growth was evaluated on the basis of specific growth rate (IJm) and lag phase (A.) calculated from growth curves. Cadaverine was produced as the first amine in MPB and cabbage juice by all studied st rains at the cultivation temperatures and at Jiving cell densities 10 6 KTJ/cm3. Putrescine was produced by E. coli only in both substrates at the cultivation temperatures. Histamine was produced by E. coli at 18 °C in cabbage juice and by Enterobacter aerogenes  in both substrates at the cultivation temperatures.
Distinguishing isolates of cereal stem disease pathogens of the genus Tapesia from isolates of Fusarium and Rhizoctonia using the RAPD method
Authors: Vejl P. , Skupinová S. , Polišenská I. , Váňová M.
Published: February 2018

The RAPD method (Random Amplification of Polymorphous DNA) was used to distinguish Tapesia acufonnis and T. yallundae isolates from other pathogens of wheat stem base diseases (Fusarium avenaceum, F. culmorum, F. nivale, Rhizoctonia cerealis and R. so/ani).Isolates of the fungi originated from infected wheat plants (Triticum aestivum L.) collected at various locations in the Czech Republic. Three decameric oligonucleotide-primers were selected as producing genotype-specific RAPD products. These markers distinguish all isolates of the above taxons. The intra-species genetic variability of these species also was studied. The values of Dice's coefficients of similarity suggest that isolates of Tapesia yallundae showed a higher degree of intra-species variability than those ofT acufonnis. A high degree of intra-species variability was identified also in Fusarium avenaceum.
Case study of host-pathogen interaction: tomato (Lycopersicon spp.)–tomato powdery mildew (Oidium lycopersici) – a review
Authors: Lebeda A. , Mieslerová B.
Published: February 2018

The present paper tries to demonstrate progress and gap of knowledge in plant pathology through the tomato - tomato powdery mildew host-pathogen interaction as a model. Tomato powdery mildew (Oidium lycopersici) has caused serious damages on glasshouse tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) crops during the last approximately 15 years. Although the absence of tcleomorph stage did not allow exact taxonomic classification of the pathogen, comparative morphological studies using light and scanning electron microscopy revealed that Oidium lycopersici might be included to the Erysiphe sect. Erysiphe (close to Erysiphe aqui­ legiae var. ranunculi). Effective resistance sources to 0. lycopersici were found mainly in wi ld Lycopersicon hirsutum and L. penne/lii (confirmed by testing with four different 0. lycopersici isolates). Available information on the pathogenic variability of 0. lycopersici is given; host range experiments revealed considerable differences in abi lity of different 0. lycopersici isolates to infect cucumber and tobacco. postulating existence of different pathotypcs lformae specialist of pathogen. Similarly, some Lycopersicon spp. genotypes showed remarkable differential reactions with pathogen isolates, indicating existence of different pathogen races. Information regarding recently detected mechanisms and basis of resistance in Lycopersicon spp. are also men­ tioned. However, more research based on classical, biochemical and molecular approaches is also needed.
Enterocin NA: A Bacteriocin Produced by Enterococcus faecalis BFE 1057 Isolated from a Nigerian Fermented Dairy Product
Authors: Olasupo N.A. , Schillinger U. , Franz C. , Holzapfel W.H.
Published: February 2018

Enterococcus faecalis BFE 1057 isolated  from a Nigerian fermented  dairy  product ('nono') produced a bacteriocin designated enterocin  NA. It was found inhibitory  towards  Lactobacillus, Enterococcus and Listeria strains. Enterocin  NA was inactivated by proteolytic enzymes, and resistant  to heating at 80 °C for 30 min and active at pH 2.0 to 8.0. Its molecular  weight was estimated by ultrafiltration  to be above 3000 daltons. The ability of this bacteriocin  to inhibit Listeria is of potential  interest  in food safety and enterocin  NA may have future applications as a food preservative.
Effects of dual task training on gait temporal-spatial parameters of children with autism
Authors: Souza Felipe Heylan Nogueira de , Lisboa Ana Karoline Pordeus , Maia Maria De Fátima Targino , Santos Mikaelle Rossane Duarte Dos , Filho Edson Meneses da Silva , Cezarino Leandro Gonçalves , Cacho Roberta de Oliveira , Cacho Ênio Walker Azevedo
Published: February 2018

Background: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is neurological conditions typically identified in early childhood. Children with ASD mainly suffer from incapacities in communication and social interaction, in addition to exhibiting unusual patterns of behavior. Objective: The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of the dual task training in the temporal-spatial aspects of gait in children with ASD. Method: It is a series of case which used as assessments the Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS), Motor Function Measurement, Tinetti Index and Plantigraphy. The incremental treadmill test was used previously to establish the appropriate velocity of each subject for the accomplishment of the double task protocol. Initially a warm-up of three minutes was done at three km/h, then increments of 1 km/h were performed every three minutes and the maximum speed was obtained when the individual reached the speed limit of their ambulation. All subjects underwent an experimental protocol consisting of performing dual task activities on an Embreex 552® treadmill for four weeks, twice a week on alternate days and each activity lasted three minutes. Results: The sample consisted of 6 individuals. The pre- and post-test values for gait and balance, evaluated using the Tinetti Index, was 23.33 (± 2.87) for the pre-test and 24.16 (± 1.72) for the post-test with no statistical significance (p = 0.317). The types of foot of the sample were 50% flat feet, 25% high arches feet and 25% neutral feet. The axial and proximal motor function presented statistical difference in the intragroup analysis (p = 0.008). Conclusion: The protocol was not sufficient to verify improvements in the gait of children with autism.
Evaluation of the results of local treatment of donor site wounds in patients with deep burns
Authors: Mordyakov A E , Charyshkin A L , Slesareva E V
Published: February 2018

Цель. Оценка эффективности лечения ран донорских участков кожи в условиях собственной жидкой среды у пациентов с глубокими ожогами.

Методы. В исследование вошли 135 пациентов с глубокими ожогами, которым выполняли свободную аутодермопластику расщеплёнными трансплантатами. Средний возраст пациентов составил 52,4±1,5 года. Распределение по полу: мужчин - 89 (65,9%) пациентов, женщин - 46 (34,1%). В основной группе (n=74) лечение ран донорских мест осуществляли плёночными влагосберегающими повязками DDB-M. В группе сравнения (n=61) лечение выполняли с помощью влажно-высыхающих марлевых повязок с раствором йодофоров в сочетании с дополнительными методами физического высушивания ран. Оценку эффективности методов лечения ран донорских участков проводили с помощью анализа клинико-лабораторных данных, бактериологических, цитологических, морфологических исследований, а также статистических методов.

Результаты. В структуре осложнений со стороны ран донорских мест при лечении традиционным способом преобладает нагноение - 23,7% больных, а при лечении плёночной влагосберегающей повязкой DDB-M преобладает кровотечение - 12,2%. Эпителизация в основной группе (n=74) наступала в среднем на 2 дня раньше, чем в группе сравнения (n=61), разница статистически значима (U=146,0; p=0,000).

Вывод. Лечение ран в условиях собственной жидкой среды служит эффективным способом, так как достоверно сокращает сроки эпителизации; существенный недостаток данного способа - отсутствие гемостатической профилактики кровотечений из ран донорских мест в послеоперационном периоде, что может ухудшить его течение, особенно у пациентов с тяжёлыми ожогами.
Knowledge, attitude and practices about antimicrobial resistance and appropriate use of antimicrobial agents among the MBBS students of a medical college hospital in Eastern India
Authors: Ghosh Abhishek , Das Snehasish , Dasgupta Raju
Published: February 2018

Background: Antimicrobial agents are one of the most commonly used as well as misused drugs. Rational antibiotic use is thought to be the best way to control resistance. Awareness and practice about antimicrobial use and resistance among medical students of different years so that appropriate measures can be taken to educate them properly to prevent misuse of antimicrobial as far as possible.Methods: It was a cross sectional questionnaire-based study undertaken in a teaching hospital in Eastern India among 328 medical students in 4 different batches. their responses remained confidential. total correct and incorrect responses from each of the 4 batches of MBBS students. overall trend and batch wise difference in the responses were analyzed.Results: Most of them had idea about problem of antimicrobial resistance and most of the students answered majority of the questions correctly. While assessing difference in responses in different batches, result showed that there was very significant improvement in the response of 6th semester students than the response of 4th semester students, may be due to acquiring knowledge of antimicrobials from their pharmacology classes in that period.Conclusions: Overall knowledge of antimicrobial resistance and proper use of antimicrobials appears good among different batches of MBBS student of this institution, though some areas need to be improved. Knowledge improvement is most evident from 4th semester to 6th semester students. Pharmacology training appears to make students more aware of this problem. Regular education is important to make them more aware.
A study on radio opaque foreign body in digestive tract of children
Authors: Mohan M. Bharathi , P. Satish Kumar , V. J. Vikram , M. Kiruthiga
Published: February 2018

Background: An estimated 40 percent of foreign body ingestions in children are not witnessed, and in many cases, the child never develops symptoms. Sharp foreign body, button battery must be carefully removed and followed up for any complications. Foreign bodies that have passed the gastroesophageal junction should be assured that the foreign body will probably pass through the GI tract.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of the records of the children below 12 years with foreign body ingestions were analysed and the radio-opaque foreign body were included in the study period between March 2012 to March 2015. The x-ray were analysed, type of foreign body, treatment and complications were noted.  

Results: There were 45 children included in the study who had ingested foreign body and on radiological evaluation radio opaque foreign body was found. The coin topped the list with 30, button battery- 7 numbers, safety pin- 5 numbers. In 2 children who ingested button battery suffered cricopharyngeal stricture, which was treated with serial dilatation with bougies, while one child with open safety pin ingestion, developed pseudo- aneurysm of arch of aorta and one ear stud developed stridor with sub glottic stenosis.

Conclusions: The radio opaque foreign though is easy to visualise, but in some case it can dangerous complications. Rigid oesophagoscopy and prompt removal of foreign body is the treatment of choice.
Chiefdom Madinah: mengurai kekeliruan tafsir Negara Islam
Authors: Kuswaya Adang
Published: February 2018

Tulisan ini mengangkat Apakah Negara Madinah itu sebuah doktrin teologis yang bersifat finalistis ataukah eksperimentasi sejarah yang bersifat kondisional? Buku Chiefdom Madinah ini ditulis dengan riset amat serius. Pendekatan dan metode yang dipakai dalam buku ini interpretasi sosio-historis. Dengan metode book review peneliti memperlihatkan kepada pembaca ternyata bagi penulis buku Chiefdom Madinah: Salah Paham Negara Islam bahwa Islam dan tradisi Arab jahiliah sama-sama memberi andil bagi kemunculan “Chiefdom Madinah”, yakni sebentuk pranata kekuasaan terpusat pra-negara (pre-state) yang jadi sumbu tata kelola masyarakat Muslim Arab di Madinah dan wilayah taklukannya di masa Rasulullah SAW dan keempat khalifah penggantinya. Praktik pengorganisasian kekuasaan pada waktu itu memang menyerap banyak elemen sosial-budaya setempat, bersifat sementara, ad hoc, dan belum menampakkan bentuknya yang matang. Hingga kini, belum ada kesepakatan mengenai konsep politik dalam Islam, seperti konsep sebuah negara Islam. Negara Islam yang didirikan Rasulullah dipandang sebagai bentuk paling ideal. Tapi, masih terbatas pada ajaran yang ideal, belum sampai pada model baku dan terperinci yang dibutuhkan dalam pendirian sebuah negara modern. Buku ini hadir di tengah banyaknya tuntutan sekolompok orang yang ingin memperjuangkan syariat Islam dalam bernegara karena dianggap pilihan ideal untuk menjawab segala persoalan dan problem kemanusiaan dan keumatan. Sementara, perjuangan menegakkan syariat dikhawatirkan justru akan menjadikan agama sebagai alat legitimasi politik belaka. Setidaknya, dengan membaca buku ini kita tidak lagi terjebak pada perdebatan-perdebatan sempit yang mengarah pada hal-hal yang sifatnya distorsif. Buku ini merupakan hasil kajian yang sangat penting bagi khazanah politik Islam, khususnya dalam konteks Indonesia yang terkadang masih berlangsung tarik menarik antara Negara agama dan Negara sekuler.
An Index to Characterize the Multi-Dimensional Nature of Land Use Regulations in the Greater Houston Metropolitan Area
Authors: Estevez Luis
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Although housing prices and the lack of real income growth are cited as the main factors behind the housing affordability problem, it has been proven that land use regulations have some responsibility as well. Indices have been the most common indicator used to characterize the stringency of local land use regulations; however, these studies focus primarily on those most stringent regulatory environments, and therefore there is no evidence of the validity of such indices in areas regarded as less stringent. In response to this lack of evidence, using a unique data set this article presents an index characterizing local regulatory environments in a well-known less stringent regulatory environment: the Houston-Galveston Area in Texas. This index proves to be a valid measure capable of capturing the multi-dimensional nature of land use regulations. The analysis of the index and statistical correlations validate the use of indices to characterize metropolitan land use regulations.
La musique de Boris Vian : la création de l’album L’Écume des jours
Authors: Soetaert Nichelle
Published: February 2018

L'Écume des jours de Boris Vian n'appartient à aucun mouvement littéraire, mélangeant deux formes d'art, la musique et la littérature, d'une manière unique. Cette dissertation cherche à décoder le chef d'orchestre de Vian comme un morceau musical. S'il est impossible d'encadrer ce roman dans un style spécifique, on peut néanmoins l'examiner d'une manière atypique. En analysant chaque personnage, on découvre l'importance de leur rôle dans la création vianesque. Colin joue le rôle du musicien, Nicolas représente le chef d'orchestre, Chloé est la groupie, Chick incarne le thème de l'obsession, Alise personnifie l'amour malheureux et la souris sert de lien entre tous les personnages : le pouvoir incroyable de la création artistique. Dans cette optique, Vian a écrit non seulement une oeuvre littéraire, mais un album musical, alors on doit l'analyser ainsi. Cette dissertation déconstruit L'Écume des jours en divers aspects musicaux en essayant de comprendre plus profondément ce roman afin d'illustrer le talent du célèbre Boris Vian.
Influence of Work Discipline, Career Development and Job Satisfaction on Employee Performance Directorate General Research and Development of Ministry Research, Technology and Higher Education
Authors: . Cedaryana , Luddin Muchlis R. , Supriyati Yetti
Published: February 2018

This causal research aims to find out information about possible employee performance that is influenced by work discipline, career development, and job satisfaction.The survey method used in this study is data that has been analyzed by path analysis after all variables are incorporated into the correlation matrix. Data were collected from 113 employees as randomly selected samples.The result of the research found that: (1) work discipline has a positive effect on employee performance, (2) career development have positive effect on employee performance, (3) job satisfaction have positive effect to employee's performance, (4) work discipline has positive effect to job satisfaction, 5) career development has a positive effect on job satisfaction, and (6) work discipline has a positive effect on career development.The results showed that work discipline, career development, and job satisfaction are the determinants of employee performance
Les Hauts des forêts [Editorial]
Authors: Maître Henri-Félix , Trébuchon Jean-François
Published: February 2018

Le résumé est disponible dans le fichier PDF de l'article.
Dynamiques territoriales des Amérindiens wayãpi et teko du moyen Oyapock, Camopi, Guyane française
Authors: Tritsch Isabelle , Gond Valéry , Oszwald Johan , Davy Damien , Grenand Pierre
Published: February 2018

Les populations amérindiennes expérimentent depuis plusieurs décennies des changements socio-économiques et territoriaux importants, dans un contexte d'augmentation démographique forte. L'article aborde l'adaptation des systèmes d'occupation du territoire et d'exploitation des ressources naturelles des Amérindiens de Guyane française face aux contraintes exercées sur leur territoire et leur mode de vie. Quelle est la résilience des systèmes amérindiens d'utilisation du territoire et de ses ressources naturelles ? La concentration de l'habitat amérindien autour du bourg de Camopi, liée à l'implantation des infrastructures de type centre de santé et école, et à la promotion de l'habitat sédentaire, contribue à générer une pénurie des ressources naturelles et un mal-être social. Le système s'adapte par un éclatement de l'habitat en villages périphériques et par une extension des terroirs agricoles le long des cours d'eau, afin de retrouver de l'espace. Ces villages reproduisent un modèle d'organisation spatiale semblable à l'organisation traditionnelle des villages wayãpi et teko. L'habitat reste cependant sédentaire, les familles souhaitant voir leur village se faire équiper des services minimaux : eau potable et électrification. La limite spatiale à l'éclatement de l'habitat demeure les déplacements journaliers vers l'école, et par conséquent la desserte par le transport scolaire (pirogue). Ainsi, les services et infrastructures conditionnent l'occupation du territoire. Des abattis complémentaires sont maintenus à plus grande distance du bourg et l'habitat devient bilocal : un habitat principal desservi par les services et infrastructures et un habitat secondaire, éloigné et itinérant, conditionné par la qualité des terres agricoles, les ressources cynégétiques, l'histoire du lieu et les réseaux familiaux. Le maintien de ces habitations éloignées est possible grâce à l'investissement des revenus issus des aides sociales dans le transport. Il est ainsi montré que les systèmes amérindiens d'occupation du territoire et d'exploitation des ressources naturelles ont un potentiel adaptatif fort : ils s'appuient sur la recomposition de mobilités circulaires, organisées selon un gradient d'intensité d'utilisation des ressources, qui garantit la durabilité du système.
Cartographier le carbone stocké dans la végétation : perspectives pour la spatialisation d¿un service écosystémique
Authors: Le Clec'h Solen , Oszwald Johan , Jégou Nicolas , Dufour Simon , Cornillon Pierre André , Miranda Izildinha de Souza , Gonzaga Luiz , Grimaldi Michel , Gond Valéry , Arnauld de Sartre Xavier
Published: February 2018

Les grands programmes internationaux d'observation des écosystèmes, tels que le Millenium Ecosystem Assessment (Mea), puis Redd (Réduction des émissions liées à la déforestation et à la dégradation des forêts) et Redd+, préconisent le développement des approches permettant de quantifier et de spatialiser les services écosystémiques afin de mettre en oeuvre des pratiques et des politiques de gestion environnementale plus adaptées. La cartographie des services écosystémiques apparaît ainsi comme un outil majeur des espaces à forts enjeux environnementaux. Cependant, elle souffre encore de certaines limitations. C'est le cas du stock de carbone dans la biomasse végétale. À l'échelle d'une localité d'Amazonie brésilienne de 175 km², cette fonction écologique a été cartographiée avec une résolution spatiale de 30 x 30 m. Afin de quantifier ces stocks, des mesures de biomasse arborée et arbustive au sein de 45 " points " et des données géographiques obtenues par télédétection sont mises en jeu. Pour cela, deux méthodes statistiques sont testées : l'arbre de décision et la régression linéaire multiple. Les résultats statistiques de chacune de ces méthodes sont présentés, permettant d'en comprendre les intérêts et les inconvénients. La qualité d'ajustement de ces modèles est testée. Si l'arbre de décision décrit mieux le rôle des variables explicatives, la régression linéaire multiple permet une prédiction beaucoup plus efficace. Elle rend alors davantage compte de la variabilité spatiale au sein de chaque type d'occupation du sol. Cette méthode fait apparaître à l'échelle de la ferme des phénomènes spécifiques au territoire étudié. Cela permet de retranscrire simplement le résultat d'un processus écologique tout en le mettant en relation avec les activités anthropiques. Cette étude permet donc d'illustrer l'importance des choix méthodologiques afin d'obtenir la cartographie d'un processus.
Corporate Governance and Organisational Performance: Analysis of Nigeria Stock Exchange Listed Companies
Authors: Fadun Olajide Solomon
Published: February 2018

Corporate governance is relevant in both developed and emerging economies. The study investigated the impact of corporate governance on organisational performance, using thirty (30) randomly selected listed companies in the Nigeria Stock Exchange (NSE) in the year 2016. The study focused on three corporate governance variables (i.e., Board Size, Board Independence, CEO Duality/Tenure); and two performance variables - i.e., Returns on Asset (ROA) and Returns on Equity (ROE). The study does not cover the market measure performance variable of Tobin’s Q. The study is an empirical research, with analytical research design. Secondary data, extracted from published annual reports of selected quoted companies and NSE website, is used for the study. The findings revealed a positive correlation between board size, independence directors, and performance variables; but, showed a negative correlation between CEO tenure and performance variables. The result showed that number of directors was not positively related to performance in selected quoted companies in terms of ROA; but, it revealed a positive correlation between board size and performance in terms of ROE. It also showed that the correlation between CEO tenure and performance variables was negative on the two performance variables (ROA and ROE). Regarding relationship between CEO Duality and performance variables (ROA and ROE), the result showed that CEO Duality has a positive correlation with ROA; but had a negative relationship with ROE. Generally, the study revealed that adoption of sound corporate governance practices by listed companies can improve their performance. Companies can benefit from this improved corporate governance practices by way of increased investment from investors and reduced capital cost. Shareholders confidence would be enhanced with attendant improvement in shareholders wealth. The nation’s economy would also benefit from sound corporate governance practices by way of improved GDP. 
Diversidad de la dieta en mujeres que habitan en inseguridad alimentaria en México, beneficiarias de un programa de ayuda alimentaria.
Authors: Morales Ruán María del Carmen , Valenzuela Bravo Danae Gabriela , Jiménez Aguilar Alejandra , Cuevas Nasu Lucia , Méndez Gómez Humarán Ignacio , Shamah Levy Teresa
Published: February 2018

ResumenIntroducción: La diversidad alimentaria es una aproximación de la calidad de la dieta. En México, el Programa de Apoyo Alimentario (PAL) otorga apoyos en efectivo (PAL EFECTIVO) o a través de transferencias monetarias en una tarjeta destinada exclusivamente para la compra de alimentos (PAL SIN-HAMBRE) a familias en situación de pobreza alimentaria, buscando mejorar la diversidad de su alimentación.Objetivo: Comparar la diversidad de la dieta en mujeres beneficiarias de ambos esquemas y su asociación con el nivel de inseguridad alimentaria (IA) en el hogar.Métodos: Se realizó un estudio transversal, en una muestra aleatoria nacional de 243 beneficiarias del PAL EFECTIVO y 277 del PAL SIN-HAMBRE en 14 estados. Se construyó un modelo de regresión logística multinomial para medir la asociación entre el índice de percepción de IA y su relación con el PAL y el índice de diversidad de la dieta.Resultados: Se observó que el esquema PAL SIN-HAMBRE se asocia a menor probabilidad de IA leve y severa con respecto al PAL EFECTIVO, al observar la interacción entre el tipo de esquema y el índice de diversidad de la dieta, el esquema PAL EFECTIVO mostró menor probabilidad de IA severa cuando el índice de diversidad de la dieta es mayor con respecto al PAL SIN-HAMBRE.Conclusiones: La relación entre la IA en el hogar y la baja diversidad de la dieta están  asociadas en mujeres en edad fértil y es mayor en aquellas pertenecientes al PAL SIN-HAMBRE.Palabras clave: Dieta, Inseguridad Alimentaria, Programas de Ayuda Alimentaria.
Tax incentives in the countries of the visegrad four
Authors: Simonidesová Jana , Stašková Slavomíra , Feranecová Adela , Manová Eva , Remiáš Peter
Published: February 2018

Tax incentives are a tool of regional policy. When providing investment incentives, conditions for their provision must be clearly defined. It is necessary to coordinate investment incentives at the state level with redistribution of EU funds. The criteria for the provision of investment incentives must correspond with the main objectives of regional policy.The aim of this contribution is to analyze the tax incentives in tax system in the countries of the Visegrad Four (V4). The introductory part is the theoretical definition of tax and tax incentives. The analytical part is devoted to the analysis of tax incentives in the form of investment incentives provided in the Slovak Republic in the period 2002-2016.The results of the contribution constructed on the basis of the comparison detail the conditions for the granting of tax incentives for research and development in the V4 countries depending on the individual requirements and conditions of the countries themselves, systems, valid legislation, etc., which differentiate each other and at the same time compete in a certain way, compete with the funds of foreign investors.
The oasis of Moghrar (southwest Algeria): water resources and management
Authors: Hadidi A. , Remini B. , Habi M. , Saba D.
Published: February 2018

The oasis of Moghrar is located in the wilaya (province) of Naama, in the southwest of Algeria. It is well known for its Ksours, its palm groves and the good quality of its fruit and vegetables, especially the dates and their varieties. This region contains important groundwater and surface water resources. For several centuries, domestic water supply and irrigation have been carried out using traditional techniques of water harvesting such as pendulum wells and foggaras. Currently, this hydraulic heritage is meeting technical and social problems, particularly with the contribution of drilling and motor-pumps. The main issues are water table drawdown, the drying-up of water sources and degradation and decay of traditional techniques. The objective of this study is to make an inventory of all water sources in the study area, to study the impact of the contribution of modern techniques on ancestral techniques and finally to propose recommendations for safeguarding the hydraulic heritage.
Theory and preliminary experimental verification of the directional difference of overland flow resistance in distributed hydrological models
Authors: Zhang Shengtang , Liu Yuanchen , Zhang Jingzhou , Liu Ying , Wang Zhikai
Published: February 2018

Overland flow is influenced by the spatial variability of the watershed surface and the distribution of vegetation in the process of confluence. Thus, Manning's roughness coefficient, in different directions on the slope, has different values. This causes different effects on the resistance to flow in the downstream direction of each grid cell, affecting the flow distribution among the grid cells of a distributed hydrological model. To show that the spatial variation of the overland vegetation had the effect of directional difference resistance to the overland flow, this study used an indoor fixed-bed test. We used a cylinder to simulate the stems of the vegetation used in the study. We modeled the relationship between Manning's roughness coefficient and flow depth and studied this relationship for three types of vegetation distributed at three different slopes of 0.0%, 0.5%, and 1.0%. The slopes were based on three angles of 30°, 45°, and 90° between the vegetation rows and flow. The results showed that the resistance of overland flow had directional differences caused by the spatial variability of the vegetation distribution. At the same slope and flow depth, Manning's roughness coefficient decreased as the angle between flow and vegetation rows increased. At the same slope, the angle between flow and vegetation rows and Manning's roughness coefficient increased as flow depth increased. The slope did not affect the law of Manning's roughness coefficient with changes in the angle between flow and vegetation rows.
ENTRE NAÇÃO E OS LUGARES: Notas sabre patrimônio, espaço público e consumo cultural
Authors: Leite Rogerio Proença
Published: February 2018

O propósito deste artigo é analisar alguns aspectos das mudanças nas políticas de patrimônio no Brasil, relacionadas as práticas de consumo cultural e com a formação social do espaço público na experiência urbana contemporânea.
A CONSTRUÇÃO DAS COMPETENCIAS E SABERES SOCIAIS: Os interesses de empresas e trabalhadores industriais em Sergipe
Authors: Cruz Maria Helena Santana
Published: February 2018

No novo contexto do trabalho e da internacionalização do capitalismo, a adoção do modelo das competências profissionais no mundo empresarial ganha destaque cada vez mais acentuado nas políticas de formação e gestão de recursos humanos. Sob diferentes concepções teóricas e formas de implementação o modelo de competência na educação profissional. Relaciona-se portanto, ao uso, controle, formação e avaliação de desempenho da forca de trabalho, diante das novas exigências do padrão de acumulação do capital. Nesse modelo, importa não apenas só a posse dos saberes disciplinares escolares ou técnico-profissionais, mas a capacidade de mobilizá-los para resolver problemas e enfrentar os imprevistos na situação de trabalho. Sob a abordagem de gênero, este trabalho focaliza a valorização das competências no trabalho industrial.
A difícil equidade de gênero no cotidiano do trabalho na construção civil
Authors: Cruz Maria Helena Santana
Published: February 2018

O estudo objetivou desvendar as transformações condicionadas por processos de globalização, introdução de inovações tecnológicas e organizacionais, reestruturação e flexibilização do trabalho ocorridas na indústria da construção civil em Sergipe. A categoria gênero e utilizada como ferramenta/instrumento político privilegiado para a leitura do cotidiano, visando colocar em debate alguns dos espaços e relações onde o gênero se constrói e se reproduz. Especial destaque e atribuído as representações dos trabalhadores e trabalhadoras sobre suas experiências nesse contexto de trabalho.
Redes de movimentos sociais: conexões, dilemas e alternativas
Authors: Soczeck Daniel
Published: February 2018

O objetivo deste artigo e refletir sobre a importância da utilização metodológica da análise da sociedade em forma de redes enquanto alternativa teórica a algumas outras perspectivas analíticas, no contexto da pós-modernidade, Tomando como hipótese a necessidade da construção de uma macro teoria explicativa da realidade, faremos algumas considerações sobre a teoria das redes, argumentando em que sentido ela pode superar algumas limitações de outros paradigmas de análise contemporâneas como a teoria da ação comunicativa de Habermas ou a teoria dos campos de Bourdieu.
Evolução sócio temporal do trabalho e população
Authors: Vasconcelos Carlos Alberto
Published: February 2018

O presente artigo discorre sobre os estágios/fases pelos quais passou o trabalho, enfocando as principais transformações ocorridas em cada época, desde sua origem até os dias atuais. Explicita a exploração do trabalhador, especificamente dentro de uma sociedade perversa - a capitalista. Trata-se de uma reflexão sobre a importância desta atividade para a sobrevivência do homem, e consequentemente sua realização e, até mesmo, felicidade, correlacionando-a com as adversidades contemporâneas, a exemplo da tecnologia e do desemprego, que massificam a população.
Apuntes sobre o corpo: Do dualismo cartesiano ao corpo vivido
Authors: Recorder Maria Laura
Published: February 2018

Neste artigo se faz um percurso pelas diferentes concepções do corpo, encontradas em três grandes expoentes da Escola Sociológica Francesa: Emile Durkheim, Marcel Mauss e Pierre Bourdieu, reconhecendo nos aportes destes autores uma grande contribuição ao desenvolvimento da investigação antropol6gica. O trabalho pretende mostrar o duplo corpo/alma de Durkheim: a ideia de "homem total" e de corpo como ferramenta de Mauss; e a noção de "habitus" e de "compreensão pratica" de Bourdieu, as quais se fundamentam em diferenças filos6ficas sobre o caráter ontológico do ser humano: a dualidade cartesiana e " o "ser-no" mundo" fenomenológico
O pensamento político de José de Alencar
Authors: Silva Marcelo Figueiredo
Published: February 2018

O artigo pretende definir o traço característico do pensamento político de José de Alencar como acomodação de diferentes tendências teóricas numa visão de totalidade do movimento social no Brasil do século XIX. Como resposta as mudanças sociais, o autor construiu um modelo de modernização conservadora que preconizava a conjugação dos tópicos avançados do liberalismo e da democracia com um culturalismo de extração historicista que singularizava o nacional e definia o ritmo adequado as reformas políticas.
Dispositivos da concorrência: como e em que medida a política antitruste faz mercados
Authors: Onto Gustavo
Published: February 2018

A política de defesa da concorrência brasileira busca garantir a concorrência nos mercados nacionais proibindo determinadas condutas empresariais e verificando os impactos de fusões e aquisições empresariais. Baseado em um trabalho etnográfico realizado no órgão responsável por essa política pública, o Con- selho Administrativo de Defesa Econômica – o CADE –, este ar- tigo demonstra como e em que medida esta forma de governo, entendida como um dispositivo, produz ou transforma mercados ao direcionar as ações de seus participantes. Aponta-se para três mecanismos pelos quais esse direcionamento ocorre: (i) a defi- nição de limites legais das práticas empresariais; (ii) a mobilida- de e circulação de artefatos; e (iii) a pedagogia implícita na ação governamental.
Para além da racionalidade – as complexidades inerentes à relação economia, política e mídia
Authors: De Assis Karina Gomes
Published: February 2018

O presente artigo tem por interesse a elucidação das complexi- dades inerentes ao contexto da economia e de sua interseção com os mundos político e midiático. Destaca contribuições so- ciológicas, mais especificamente da Sociologia Econômica, para desconstruir racionalidades e posicionamentos objetivos que, por meio da mídia, repercutem na cena política. Demonstra as tensões sociais e os movimentos de grupos por trás das prescri- ções e debates econômicos, chamando a atenção para o fato de que dispositivos, leis e normas originários da Economia não de- pendem única e exclusivamente dos modelos racionais produzi- dos pelo homo economicus, ao contrário, são construções advin- das de embates culturais entre visões de mundo e seus grupos defensores. Para tal, se atém a um momento específico da cena brasileira qual seja a disputa em torno da transição entre os governos FHC e Lula, entre os anos de 2002 e 2003, e as tentativas de atrelar ao novo governo a possibilidade de uma crise econômica em decorrência de seus posicionamentos políticos.
A construção social do mercado de dispositivos de redes sociais: a contribuição da sociologia econômica para os aplicativos de afeto
Authors: Jardim Maria Chaves , Moura Paulo José Carvalho
Published: February 2018

O texto que ora apresentamos é resultado preliminar da pesquisa sobre o mercado de dispositivos para relacionamentos, realiza- da a partir dos aplicativos Badoo e Tinder, entrevistas com usu- ários de dispositivos diversos, além de coleta de dados no grupo “Mulheres Empoderadas”. Tem como inspiração teórica o uso de conceitos e insights da Sociologia Econômica e dialoga de forma crítica com as ideias de Eva Illouz, especialmente o seu livro “O Amor nos tempos do capitalismo”. Os resultados parciais indicam que o sucesso dos dispositivos deve-se ao fato de que estes estão enraizados nos valores do senso comum, assim, os dispositivos não criam o senso comum, mas se inspiram nele para alcançar sucesso com os usuários; por sua vez, identificamos que os usuá- rios fazem escolhas afetivas nos dispositivos orientados por seus dispositivos cognitivos de habitus (orquestração de habitus).
O papel dos dispositivos de prescrição e julgamento no funcionamento dos mercados: o caso da certificação florestal
Authors: Carneiro Marcelo Sampaio
Published: February 2018

Um dos aspectos mais destacados pela sociologia econômica contemporânea é o papel desempenhado por relações sociais, dispositivos materiais, regras e significados culturais no proces- so de construção e funcionamento dos mercados. De acordo com essas abordagens, para que o intercâmbio mercantil funcione é necessário resolver algo que a teoria econômica convencional desconsidera, a questão da incerteza sobre a qualidade dos pro- dutos. Para responder essa questão, algumas abordagens cha- mam atenção para o papel desempenhado por dispositivos de julgamento ou de prescrição nos mercados. Esse artigo tem por objetivo a discussão do papel desempenhado por esses dispo- sitivos de julgamento no funcionamento dos mercados de ma- deiras certificadas, considerando o seu papel como prescritores, isto é, como dispositivos que atuam no sentido de definir as rela- ções entre vendedores e compradores e entre os diferentes com- petidores. Contudo, ao invés de supor que esses intermediários atuam para resolver a questão da opacidade da troca mercantil, adotamos a perspectiva de que estes prescritores atuam como parte interessada na construção do mercado, ou seja, apesar do dispositivo de certificação em análise se apresentar como uma terceira parte em relação aos diferentes interesses em jogo no campo da indústria florestal, dotado, portanto, de uma impar- cialidade relativa, ele finda por favorecer o sucesso de um determinado tipo de empresa florestal ou de uma determinada forma de coordenação da atividade florestal.
LOS FANTASMAS DE LA SUBALTERNIDAD (LA TRANSFORMACIÓN DE/EN LOS DISCURSOS (SOBRE LOS) INDÍGENAS EN AMÉRICA LATINA)
Authors: Vásquez Ladislao Landa
Published: February 2018

LOS FANTASMAS DE LA SUBALTERNIDAD (LA TRANSFORMACIÓN DE/EN LOS DISCURSOS (SOBRE LOS) INDÍGENAS EN AMÉRICA LATINA)
ESCRITORES ANGOLANOS, FRONTEIRAS PERDIDAS E IDENTIDADES CONTEMPORÂNEAS
Authors: Marcon Frank
Published: February 2018

ESCRITORES ANGOLANOS, FRONTEIRAS PERDIDAS E IDENTIDADES CONTEMPORÂNEAS
SONS E RITMOS DA CIDADE: INTERROGAÇÕES SOBRE A INTERCULTURALIDADE E O COTIDIANO URBANO
Authors: Mendonça Luciana Ferreira Moura
Published: February 2018

SONS E RITMOS DA CIDADE: INTERROGAÇÕES SOBRE A INTERCULTURALIDADE E O COTIDIANO URBANO
AS ELITES PARANAENSES E A DEMOCRACIA: EXPLORANDO A ESTRUTURA DIMENSIONAL E OS DETERMINANTES DOS SEUS VALORES E ATITUDES POLÍTICAS
Authors: Aparecido Ribeiro Ednaldo , Bolognesi Bruno
Published: February 2018

O artigo investiga a estrutura dimensional dos valores e atitudes polí- ticas de deputados estaduais paranaenses, representantes do que pode- mos chamar de elite política estadual. Partindo do pressuposto de que as orientações subjetivas desse grupo de pessoas são relevantes para a com- preensão dos processos políticos concretos, busca testar a tese da maior sofisticação e consistência interna de sua cultura política, sobretudo no que diz respeito à sua adesão normativa à democracia. Analisando dados produzidos pelo  Núcleo de Pesquisa em Sociologia Política Brasileira (NUSP-UFPR) com o emprego da técnica de análise fatorial exploratória constata que o conjunto dos valores e atitudes manifestos por essa elite possui consistência e coerência interna consideráveis.
AS ARAPIRACAS DO FEMINISMO: CAMPO POLÍTICO FEMINISTA, ALTERIDADES, GÊNERO E PODER
Authors: De Lima Bonetti Alinne
Published: February 2018

A partir da pesquisa etnográfica realizada em Recife/PE sobre o campo político feminista contemporâneo, analiso o encontro entre as distintas alteridades presentes no contexto investigado, tais como feministas classe média, mulheres do movimento popular, feministas negras, feministas lésbicas, homens feministas, entre outras - com bandeiras de luta especificas e concepções particulares sobre o que é o feminismo. Tal encontro engendra relações de gênero e poder que as posicionam desigualmente no campo político local, as quais, revelam uma distribuição peculiar de prestígio. Esses elementos dramatizam a correlação de forças entre alteridades e concepções de feminismo disputantes, na qual, de um lado, há uma concepção que se pretende predominante e, de outro, concepções que resistem, desafiam tal ascendência e buscam angariar para si prestígio. Essa disputa tem implicações para a própria reprodução do campo político feminista contemporâneo, pluralizando-o.