bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Stellar spectral-type (mass) dependence of the dearth of close-in planets around fast-rotating stars
Authors: García R. A. , Gourvès C. , Santos A. R. G. , Strugarek A. , Godoy-Rivera D. , Mathur S. , Delsanti V. , Breton S. N. , Beck P. G. , Brun A. S. , Mathis S.
Published: November 2023

In 2013 a dearth of close-in planets around fast-rotating host stars was found using statistical tests onKeplerdata. The addition of moreKeplerand Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) systems in 2022 filled this region of the diagram of stellar rotation period (Prot) versus the planet orbital period (Porb). We revisited theProtextraction ofKeplerplanet-host stars, we classify the stars by their spectral type, and we studied theirProt–Porbrelations. We only used confirmed exoplanet systems to minimize biases. In order to learn about the physical processes at work, we used the star-planet evolution code ESPEM (French acronym for Evolution of Planetary Systems and Magnetism) to compute a realistic population synthesis of exoplanet systems and compared them with observations. Because ESPEM works with a single planet orbiting around a single main-sequence star, we limit our study to this population ofKeplerobserved systems filtering out binaries, evolved stars, and multi-planets. We find in both, observations and simulations, the existence of a dearth in close-in planets orbiting around fast-rotating stars, with a dependence on the stellar spectral type (F, G, and K), which is a proxy of the mass in our sample of stars. There is a change in the edge of the dearth as a function of the spectral type (and mass). It moves towards shorterProtas temperature (and mass) increases, making the dearth look smaller. Realistic formation hypotheses included in the model and the proper treatment of tidal and magnetic migration are enough to qualitatively explain the dearth of hot planets around fast-rotating stars and the uncovered trend with spectral type.
Total mass slopes and enclosed mass constrained by globular cluster system dynamics
Authors: Veršič Tadeja , Thater Sabine , van de Ven Glenn , Watkins Laura L. , Jethwa Prashin , Leaman Ryan , Zocchi Alice
Published: November 2023

We study the total-mass density profiles of early-type galaxies (ETGs: ellipticals and lenticulars) with globular clusters (GCs) as kinematic tracers. The goal of this work is to probe the total mass distribution, parameterised with a double power-law profile, by constraining the parameters of the profile with a flexible modelling approach. To that end, we leverage the extended spatial distribution of GCs from the SLUGGS survey (⟨RGC,  max⟩∼8 Re) in combination with discrete dynamical modelling. We use discrete Jeans anisotropic modelling in cylindrical coordinates to determine the velocity moments at the location of the GCs in our sample. Assuming a Gaussian line-of-sight velocity distribution (LOSVD) and a combination of informative and uninformative priors we use a Bayesian framework to determine the best-fit parameters of the total mass density profile and orbital properties of the GCs. We find that the choice of informative priors does not impact the enclosed mass and inner slope measurements. Additionally, the orbital properties (anisotropy and rotation of the dispersion-dominated GC systems) minimally impact the measurements of the inner slope and enclosed mass. A strong presence of dynamically-distinct subpopulations or low numbers of kinematic tracers can bias the results. Owing to the large spatial extent of the tracers our method is sensitive to the intrinsic inner slope of the total mass profile and we find ᾱ = −1.88 ± 0.01 for 12 galaxies with robust measurements. To compare our results with literature values we fit a single power-law profile to the resulting total mass density. In the radial range 0.1–4 Re our measured slope has a value of ⟨γtot⟩= − 2.22 ± 0.14 and is in good agreement with the literature. Due to the increased flexibility in our modelling approach, our measurements exhibit larger uncertainties, thereby limiting our ability to constrain the intrinsic scatter σγ.
A photometric in-depth look at the core-collapsed globular cluster NGC 6284
Authors: Deras Dan , Cadelano Mario , Lanzoni Barbara , Ferraro Francesco R. , Pallanca Cristina , Dalessandro Emanuele , Mucciarelli Alessio
Published: November 2023

High-resolution Hubble Space Telescope (HST) optical observations have been used to perform the deepest photometric study of the poorly studied Galactic globular cluster NGC 6284. The deep colour-magnitude diagram (CMD) that we obtained reaches 6 mag below the main-sequence turnoff. We provide the first determination of the gravitational centre (Cgrav) and density profile of the system from resolved stars. We note that the gravitational centre is significantly offset (by 1.5 − 3″) from the values in the literature. The density profile shows the presence of a steep central cusp, unambiguously indicating that the cluster experienced the core-collapse phase. Updated values of the structural parameters and relaxation times of the system are provided. We also constructed the first high-resolution reddening map in the cluster direction, which allowed us to correct the evolutionary sequences in the CMD for the effects of differential reddening. Isochrone fitting to the corrected CMD provided us with new estimates of the cluster age, average colour excess, metallicity, and distance. We find an absolute age of 13.3 ± 0.4 Gyr, an average colour excess E(B − V) = 0.32 ± 0.01, a metallicity [Fe/H] = −1.36 ± 0.01, and a true distance modulus (m − M)0 = 15.61 ± 0.04 that sets the cluster distance at 13.2 ± 0.2 kpc from the Sun. The superb quality of the CMD allowed a clear-cut identification of the red giant branch (RGB) bump, which is clearly distinguishable along the narrow RGB. The absolute magnitude of this feature turns out to be ∼0.2 mag fainter than the previous identification.
When the horseshoe fits: Characterizing 2023 FY3 with the 10.4 m Gran Telescopio Canarias and the Two-meter Twin Telescope
Authors: de la Fuente Marcos R. , de la Fuente Marcos C. , de León J. , Alarcon M. R. , Licandro J. , Serra-Ricart M. , García-Álvarez D. , Cabrera-Lavers A.
Published: November 2023

Context. The Arjuna asteroid belt is loosely defined as a diverse group of small asteroids that follow dynamically cold, Earth-like orbits. Most of them are not actively engaged in resonant, co-orbital behavior with Earth. Some of them experience temporary but recurrent horseshoe episodes. Objects in horseshoe paths tend to approach Earth at a low velocity, leading to captures as Earth’s temporary satellites or mini-moons. Four such objects have already been identified: 1991 VG, 2006 RH120, 2020 CD3, and 2022 NX1. Here, we focus on 2023 FY3, a recent finding, the trajectory of which might have a co-orbital status and perhaps lead to temporary captures.

Aims. We want to determine the physical properties of 2023 FY3 and explore its dynamical evolution.

Methods. We carried out an observational study of 2023 FY3 using the OSIRIS camera spectrograph at the 10.4 m Gran Telescopio Canarias, to derive its spectral class, and time-series photometry obtained with QHY411M cameras and two units of the Two-meter Twin Telescope to investigate its rotational state. N-body simulations were also performed to examine its possible resonant behavior.

Results. The visible reflectance spectrum of 2023 FY3 is consistent with that of an S-type asteroid; its light curve gives a rotation period of 9.3±0.6 min, with an amplitude of 0.48±0.13 mag. We confirm that 2023 FY3 roams the edge of Earth’s co-orbital space.

Conclusions. Arjuna 2023 FY3, an S-type asteroid and fast rotator, currently exhibits horseshoe-like resonant behavior and in the past experienced mini-moon engagements of the temporarily captured flyby type that may repeat in the future. The spectral type result further confirms that mini-moons are a diverse population in terms of surface composition.
Collaborative Governance in Realizing Smart Society as a Sustainable Stunting Reduction Effort in Sleman Regency
Authors: Permatasari Ane , Walinegoro Bhakti Gusti
Published: November 2023

The Sleman Regency Government strives for the stunting rate below 5% by 2026 through smart society-based policies and programs. Hence, it formed a Stunting Reduction Acceleration Team (SRAT) of various stakeholders to accelerate these efforts. This study analyzed the implementation of collaborative governance in realizing a smart society to overcome sustainable stunting in Sleman Regency. This research employed a descriptive qualitative method with a case study approach. Research data were obtained through interviews and documentation on available big data. Data analysis was carried out by reducing data, presenting results, and drawing conclusions. The results unveiled that various stakeholders have collaborated, including the government, private sector, academia, media, and the community. The implementation of collaboration has been sought to realize three dimensions of a smart society: community interaction, learning ecosystem, and community security system. However, the challenges faced were related to unintegrated movements by stakeholders, resulting in ineffective and inefficient activities. In addition, there was no digital interaction channel specifically containing stunting in Sleman Regency. This study concluded that the Sleman Regency Government has adequately overcome stunting through collaboration. However, to achieve the goal of zero stunting, the government should carry out a series of developments or strengthening, such as evaluating the role of stakeholders, expanding cooperation networks, innovating program implementation strategies, and establishing special interaction media channels about stunting within the regency.
Effectiveness Analysis and Personal Determinant Factors Influencing Rural and Urban Land and Building Tax Revenue in Klaten
Authors: Susilawati Desi , Putri Arie Rachma , Alamsyah Sustari , Maryadi Riky Ruh , Umayra Hafizah , Uryaigrum Aida
Published: November 2023

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of Rural and Urban Land Building Tax receipts by taking into account the factors that cause the decline. The object of this research was the Klaten Regency Regional Revenue and Asset Financial Management Agency in 2021. This research applied the descriptive method by utilizing qualitative and quantitative data. Data analysis used Rural and Urban Land Building Tax payment data from 2018-2021 and questionnaire results from a sample of 4 sub-districts according to the measurement of 4 different variables. The analysis showed that in 2020 and 2021, the Rural and Urban Land Building Tax payments decreased. Because of that, this study was conducted with the aim of knowing the effectiveness and the factors that affect the payment of this Tax and what efforts should be made by the Financial Management of Regional Revenue and Assets of Klaten Regency to overcome this problem. This research investigated personal values that affected tax compliance. The results of measuring the level of taxpayer compliance using 4 indicators were that imposing tax sanctions has an influence on obedience to pay tax, Tax authorities services do not have such a large influence on compliance with paying tax, taxpayer awareness and compliance do not have such a large influence on obedience and Taxpayer knowledge has sufficient influence on obedience in paying tax.
Design of Public Service Transformation in Kulon Progo Regency Towards Agile Governance Through Sistem Informasi Penanganan Stunting (Si Penting) Program
Authors: Darumurti Awang , Eko Atmojo Muhammad , Alfitra Perdana Vicky
Published: November 2023

Kulon Progo Regency is a district with a high case rate of 14.9 percent in 2021. Stunting is a disease that is the government's focus because it can threaten the nation's future generations. Stunting reduction efforts in Kulon Progo are mapped based on areas involving villages that are the locus of stunting. Handling stunting within the scope of Kulon Progo Regency is still carried out through two handling interventions: specific nutrition interventions to address direct causes and nutrition-sensitive interventions to address indirect causes. The handling of stunting cases in Kulon Progo Regency is also carried out by involving information technology. However, the use of this media has yet to be considered optimal and massive, which is shown by the lack of use by the community and related service delivery units. For this reason, through this development research activity, the proposer conduct a study on the opportunities and constraints of implementing the digital ecosystem, especially in accelerating stunting handling. This is so that monitoring and providing assistance to survivors and prevention can be carried out optimally and according to needs.
Public Response to General Election Dissemination on social media by the Indonesian General Election Commission
Authors: Akbar Paisal , Nurmandi Achmad , Purwaningsih Titin , Jubba Hasse , Irawan Bambang
Published: November 2023

Socialization is a process of transferring knowledge through values and rules so that an individual can become a member of a group, and this knowledge transfer process can also be referred to as an ongoing learning process that impacts the formation of one's personality. Suppose the focus is on socialization by the Indonesian General Election Commission. In that case, the socialization efforts aim to form a community that understands the election process and the role of the community in the election stages. This effort is carried out by providing information containing the general election stages that are being carried out or will run. However, to what extent has the public responded to social media socialization efforts that the General Election Commission has carried out? This research will try to understand the public's response to the socialization that the General Election Commission carried out after the 2020 Simultaneous General Elections were held. The research data was obtained by conducting an online survey through online questionnaire media, distributed widely to research respondents from 16 February 2021 to 28 February 2021. The total number of research respondents reached 212 respondents from 24 provinces in Indonesia. Male respondents came to 144 people (64%), and the number of female respondents was 68 (32%). In processing data, this research uses Nvivo 12 Plus to assist researchers in processing qualitative data into more interactive data visualizations. The findings of this study indicate that the public's response to the dissemination of general elections through social media is very high; this suggests that social media has become the primary medium for the public to find information related to general elections. Furthermore, this research has also identified the tendency for the General Election Commission's social media account at the central level to provide the most information, namely the Indonesian General Election Commission. In addition, the public's assessment of account performance, the influence of socialization, and the quality of socialization have also been known. The last and no less important is the addition of public suggestions for socialization in the future.
Fastabiq.Id: A Model of Muhammadiyah’s Management Media Community at the Grassroots
Authors: Sukmono Filosa Gita , Kencana Adinda Putri Surya , Loilatu Mohammad Jafar
Published: November 2023

This article focuses on evaluating community media through a media management strategy, considering the rapid development of the media in terms of function, information, and management. This development results from the emergence of community media with a smaller readership but similar purpose. The study aims to identify the existing management pattern by conducting in-depth interviews and open interactions with media executives. The selected community media platform, fastabiq.id, operated by an individual affiliated with Muhammadiyah in Minggir-Sleman, is investigated due to its consistent generation of news content despite limited resources. The research employs in-depth interviews and open interactions with media executives to determine the current management pattern. Qualitative analysis is conducted to study the media management model. Fastabiq.id, a community media platform affiliated with Muhammadiyah, is chosen based on its ability to consistently generate news content at the grassroots level, despite resource limitations. The findings demonstrate that the community media management model employed by fastabiq.id aligns with the movement within the Muhammadiyah community. The study evaluates how Muhammadiyah’s community media at the grassroots level adapts to the popularized movements within the community and establishes a management model that aligns with the evolving media usage patterns. This study contributes to understanding community media by analyzing the management model employed by fastabiq.id, a media platform affiliated with Muhammadiyah. It highlights the adaptability of community media at the grassroots level and its significance in providing ongoing information.
Behavioral intention & use behavior of citizens in Iligan city towards the staysafe.ph application during the covid 19 pandemic
Authors: Ramos Ynah Isabelle , Jovita-Olvez Hazel , Tomaro Queenie Pearl , Batara Enrique B.
Published: November 2023

The Covid-19 pandemic has encouraged the use of digital solutions such as contact tracing applications to manage the spread of the virus infection. The use of Staysafe.ph app in particular is central to the management of public health emergencies in the country, however, it is important to understand the needs and tolerances of different users to address factors that may hinder the adoption of such strategy. Prior research in contact-tracing apps focuses solely on measuring people’s intentions to use the app. However, the effectiveness of contact-tracing apps is dependent on a significant percentage of the population installing and using the app. Hence, to investigate the intention to use and usage behavior of citizens towards the Staysafe.ph application during the pandemic, the UTAUT model is used, expanding it with three constructs: privacy concern and self-efficacy as direct determinants for behavioral intention; and fear of Covid-19 as a moderator. A survey experiment (N = 400) in Iligan City is used, in which a web-based version of the survey questionnaire was distributed through social networks. The measurement and structure model were appraised using structural equation modelling (SEM). The result shows that effort expectancy, social influence, facilitating conditions, and self-efficacy played an important role in behavioral intention and usage of the app, except for performance expectancy and privacy concerns. Moreover, respondents showing behavioral intention to use the application are more likely to use the app. The multiple regression analysis showed that fear of Covid-19 and age as moderating factors do not have a significant impact on behavioral intention and use behavior. These findings were interpreted in the light of current conceptualizations in the area of the study and their implications for the future were pointed out. You should leave 8 mm of space above the abstract and 10 mm after the abstract. The heading Abstract should be typed in bold 9-point Arial. The body of the abstract should be typed in normal 9-point Times in a single paragraph, immediately following the heading. The text should be set to 1 line spacing. The abstract should be centred across the page, indented 17 mm from the left and right page margins and justified. It should not normally exceed 200 words.
Digital Tourism Branding in Post-Pandemic Covid-19 based on the Agile Governance Concept in Pacitan Regency
Authors: Darumurti Awang , Hanif Nita Aribah
Published: November 2023

This research aims to analyze the Pacitan Regency Government's efforts to promote its tourism sector after the reopening of tourist destinations after the Covid-19 pandemic through the concept of Agile Governance. This research uses a descriptive qualitative method with a case study approach in Pacitan District. The processing of research data is based on Qualitative Data Analysist Software (Q-DAS). The results of this study indicate that the digital tourism branding initiated by the Government of Pacitan Regency has not been fully implemented optimally. This can be seen from several aspects of agility that have not been implied, such as the use of promotional media which is still based on the Instagram and Facebook social media platforms through tourism videos designed by tour managers. The use of other digital platforms is needed to expand tourism promotion as well as make it easier for tourists to access information related to tourist destinations through websites and platforms in the form of integrated applications. The background to the limitations of digital promotion carried out by the Pacitan Regency Government is several factors, namely the limited capabilities of employees who are capable of managing websites and tourism applications to the fullest. The unavailability of budget allocations that will be focused on developing digital tourism promotion through platforms in the form of websites and applications, as well as limited penetration of internet network infrastructure which hinders data integration with one another. Another obstacle in achieving the concept of agility in the Pacitan Regency tourism sector is that digital-based payments have not been connected.
Juridical Analysis of Smart Society: Society and Governance Era 5.0
Authors: Syah Ardy Firman , Sacipto Rian , Yasin Akhmad
Published: November 2023

The era of society 5.0 or super smart society is urgently needed adjustments, especially for the benefit of society and the preparation of various leading sectors. The future determines unprecedented programs and plans. The analysis used by the research team in writing this scientific paper emphasizes the normative approach method where in strengthening the renewal and refinement of results supported by a qualitative approach and the Grounded theory model. The results of this study show that the Era of Society 5.0 reduces the relationship between humans and technology. And novelty for this research, technology becomes an essential philosophical aspect in supporting needs that must be met by everyone. The perspective of materialism and existentialism views it as a critical period because society is prone to division if not directed properly. The development of society 5.0 in Indonesia was initiated by a pilot project of smart city governance in several major cities and developed through technological aspects and building the character of human resources in smart society 5.0 entities. This perspective analyse also to be conduct and compared with some city has implemented smart city to developed smart society.
Exploring Cross-Jurisdictional Transfer of Digital Personal Data Protection Laws Using The Dignified Justice Theory
Authors: Prasetyo Teguh , Rawni Arndarnijariah Faqi , Kameo Jeferson
Published: November 2023

This study discusses the legal vacuum and conflicting norms of digital data protection of individual citizens who use digital platforms transmitted trans-jurisdictions from European member countries to the United States. It comparatively reviews European Court decisions, European Directives, and Data Protection Laws as primary sources of law. The theory of Dignified Justice navigates the examination. It found that laws governing digital data transmission from one jurisdiction to another could be transferred to fill gaps and harmonize Indonesian law with European law in this area. Although in principle, according to the theory of Dignified Justice, the law must only be contained in the embodiment of the national spirit (volkgeist), among others, in existing regulations, especially in Indonesia or in the Pancasila Legal System, but through transposition according to the Dignified Justice Perspective it has been found that although there are differences in the formulation regarding legal norms protecting private digital data created to protect private digital data sent across jurisdictions, Indonesia also has substantive legal norms that are similar to the same law regime in Europe.
Addressing Cybercrime in the Sharia Digital Wallet Industry: A Legal Perspective in the Indonesian Context
Authors: Hamsin Muhammad Khaeruddin , Halim Abdul , Anggriawan Rizaldy
Published: November 2023

The advent of Sharia digital payments in Indonesia's Islamic economics represents a transformative leap. While this innovation offers a plethora of advantages, exercising prudence is imperative, given the potential risks that overlooking certain dimensions might entail, particularly in the realms of cybercrime and data misuse. Critical focal points encompass compliance, security, and the protection of personal data. To tackle these concerns comprehensively, this paper delves into the regulatory landscape governed by the Indonesian government regarding data privacy for users of Islamic e-wallets. Moreover, it navigates through the potential pitfalls and challenges associated with Islamic digital payments, with a spotlight on data safeguarding and the specter of cybercrime. Employing a normative methodology encompassing statutory, case-based, and conceptual approaches, the study reveals that the utilization of Sharia e-wallets in Indonesia harmonizes with the Islamic principles expounded in the Fatwa of the National Sharia Council. The government has further fortified its stance with robust regulations for safeguarding personal data, facilitated by institutional collaboration involving Bank Indonesia and the Financial Services Authority. Nevertheless, diligent attention remains a prerequisite to guarantee the adherence of Sharia digital payment operators to the existing legal framework.
Supply chain strategy under VUCA world for Sustainable of the Tea Entrepreneur in Thailand
Authors: Jantapoon Konpapha , Saenchaiyathon Krittapha
Published: November 2023

Introduction – Supply chain strategy is a cluster of decisions related to goals, actions to take, and management resources to achieve the corporate goals. In the current situation, the business environment has dramatically changed. Under the VUCA (volatility, uncertainty, complexity, ambiguity), a suitable supply chain strategy will support the company to meet its goals. Supply chain resilience is a crucial area that many academics suggest helps the company better performance and competitive advantage in the industry. Purpose –This paper reviews supply chain strategies that affect supply chain resilience and sustainability. It focuses on the tea producers' supply chains in Thailand. Methodology/Approach – This paper reviews the empirical knowledge and research for supply chain strategy and resilience related to the VUCA situation. Originality/ Value/ Implication – The study results found that planning, collaboration, and innovation are related to supply chain resilience. They support supply chain performance and sustainability through supply chain resilience.
Environmental and Health Campaigns to Prevent Stunting for the Younger Generation
Authors: Mansur Suraya , Erlita Novi , Geni Gammara Lenggo , Malahayati Huzaifah , Saleh Mohamad Saifudin Bin Mohamad
Published: November 2023

The implementation of Community Service is the result of collaboration between the Communication Studies Faculty Universitas Mercu Buana and Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), with SMKN 60 in West Jakarta. The Theme of Community Service Activities is Campaign of Prevent Stunting and Remember WASH. This activity purpose to increase student knowledge and awareness about environmental and impact of Stunting for the health. The Community Service activities will be carried out in the form of socialization with selected topics. In order for problem solving to be in accordance with the analysis of the situation and problems of the partners above, it can be implemented and achieve the objectives, then this activity uses socialisation method.Findings– This Socialization is expected to inspire and bring change to community, especially student at SMKN 60 Jakarta so that they have knowledge and awareness about impact of stunting for the health. Based on the results of the implementation evaluation, the average participant stated that this activity was useful (66%), increased knowledge (64%), could solve problems (66%), increased competence (70%) and creativity (66%), could change behavior in the right direction. positive (58%); can apply it to family, friends and relatives (68%), can lead to joining useful communities (70%).
Understanding Digital Governance in Smart Cities: In-Depth Study Utilizing VOSviewer and CiteSpace
Authors: Lawelai Herman
Published: November 2023

Rapid technological advances have led to the emergence of smart cities, where digital systems and technologies are integrated to improve urban life. The research aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of digital governance in smart cities by conducting in-depth studies using VOSviewer and CiteSpace. The study used a meta-analysis approach to analyze various literature from the Scopus database related to digital governance in smart cities. VOSviewer is used for visualizing and mapping keyword coexistence, while CiteSpace is used to identify influential authors, seminal works, and emerging trends in the field of research. The findings reveal key themes and concepts surrounding digital governance, including policy frameworks, citizen participation, data privacy, and cybersecurity. In addition, the analysis highlights the nature of the development of digital governance in smart cities, with a shift towards a more inclusive and participatory approach. It identifies significant research gaps and opportunities for future studies, such as integrating artificial intelligence, blockchain, and Internet of Things (IoT) technologies into the digital governance framework. The research contributes to existing knowledge by providing a comprehensive overview of digital governance in smart cities, identifying key research areas, and suggesting potential paths for further exploration.
The “SIKAWAN” Cloud Mail System Application in Rural Indonesia
Authors: Angin Ria , Adawiyah Putri Robiatul , Oktantri Adinda
Published: November 2023

As new technologies are developed, nearly every sector in Indonesia have decided to migrate from manual to digital service delivery. Using an electronic-based governance system is one of them. The Office System Application in the Cloud (SIKAWAN) is developed by this electronic government system. Banyuwangi Regency has implemented SIKAWAN in rural areas. This study's objective is to learn more about the design and operation of the SIKAWAN application. A descriptive methodology and qualitative research techniques are used in this study. The findings of this study indicate that a skilled operator is needed to implement the SIKAWAN application. On the other hand, regular assessments of the effectiveness of the system's implementation by the village government apparatus also contribute to the system’s success.
Synthesis, Properties and Applications of Poly (Butylene Succinate)
Authors: Shen Kaixin
Published: November 2023

Polybutylene succinate (PBS) has garnered significant attention as an environmentally friendly and biodegradable substitute for conventional plastics. This paper presents a comprehensive survey of PBS, encompassing its various applications, properties, significance, and recent advancements in research. The paper commences by addressing the pressing issue of plastic pollution and the urgent need for sustainable materials. It proceeds to delve into the origins and synthesis of PBS, accentuating its distinctive composition comprising succinic acid and 1,4-butanediol. The diverse properties of PBS, such as its biodegradability, mechanical strength, flexibility, heat resistance, and chemical compatibility, are meticulously examined and elucidated. The fundamental importance of this review lies in illuminating PBS as a potential remedy for plastic pollution. By showcasing its applicability in industries spanning packaging, agriculture, textiles, automotive, and medicine, the paper effectively underscores the versatility of PBS. Furthermore, the paper explores recent research advancements in the realm of PBS, focusing on modifications and refinements designed to address its limitations. Strategies such as copolymerization, additive integration, chemical modification, blending with other polymers, and the creation of nanocomposites are investigated as means to enhance PBS properties and broaden its range of applications. In conclusion, this paper furnishes a comprehensive overview of PBS, accentuating its capacity to serve as an eco-friendly substitute for traditional plastics. By comprehending the applications, properties, significance, and recent research progress of PBS, readers gain insights into its role in combatting plastic pollution and fostering a more sustainable future.
Advances in the Diels-Alder Reaction in Self-Healing Polymeric Materials
Authors: Ren Junyu
Published: November 2023

Polymeric functional materials are widely used in all aspects of everyday life. However, they are subject to a variety of environmental influences such as chemical attack, mechanical abrasion or impact and thermal decomposition, resulting in a significant shortening of the service life of polymer materials. Using traditional repair methods, the damaged part of the material is only reattached or reinforced at a macro level. Currently, more and more research is focused on smart composite materials with self-healing properties. This eliminates hidden problems in the use of the material, thereby extending its service life and broadening the range of applications. The Diels-Alder (DA) reaction is a [4+2] cycloaddition reaction between a conjugated diene and a substituted alkene. It has become a hot research topic in the field of self-healing due to its mild reaction conditions and lack of catalyst. In this paper, the progress of research on self-healing polymeric materials is reviewed with a focus on applications in DA reactions. The research progress in this field is reviewed based on the chemical structures of the prepared DA reaction-based polymers, and the development of DA reaction based self-healing polymers is investigated. Finally, the development of selfhealing polymers based on DA reactions is given as an outlook.
Applications of Graphene Materials in Lithium-ion Batteries
Authors: Song Jingyi
Published: November 2023

In recent years, the escalating global energy crisis and the ever-increasing concern over environmental pollution have stimulated extensive research efforts towards exploring new green energy sources and accelerating the transformation and upgrading of traditional energy structures. Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), known for their exceptional properties including high energy density, excellent discharge performance, long lifespan, non-toxicity, and environmental friendliness, have been regarded as the backbone of new energy systems. Additionally, graphene, a two-dimensional novel nanomaterial, has recently gained attention as a kind of electrode material exhibiting great promise for utilization in LIBs due to exceptional performance attributes. Notably, significant evidence from current studies has revealed that the integration of graphene into LIBs leads to a substantial improvement in their electrochemical performance. However, advancements in the performance during cycling and the capacity for charging of LIBs remain imperative. Therefore, the investigation of materials based on graphene for enhancing the performance of LIBs holds substantial importance. This paper has various aspects related to the utilization of graphene and graphene-based composites materials in electrodes in LIBs. A comprehensive analysis is conducted on the current literature and recent progress in the respective field, including the modification of composites formed by integrating metal oxides with graphene, the usage of graphene as a conductive agent, etc. Furthermore, this paper provides an outlook on the future enhancements and developments concerning the utilization of graphene in LIBs. The findings and analyses presented in this study hope to contribute novel insights for researchers and encourage the development of LIBs with larger capacity and longerlasting operational capabilities.
Lignin Modification and its Application in Polymeric Materials
Authors: Huang Yingjia
Published: November 2023

Polymer materials are widely used in modern industry and life, and their performance and functional requirements are constantly increasing. Lignin, as a rich renewable resource in nature, a byproduct of the pulp and paper making and bioenzymatic processes, is a natural polymer material with good stability, and mechanical and chemical properties. Therefore, the application of lignin in polymer materials can improve the strength, stiffness, heat resistance, weather resistance and chemical resistance of the materials, providing a new way of application of polymer materials. However, the structure and chemical properties of lignin isolated during industrial production have changed considerably, and its use as a polymer is associated with problems of dispersion and poor compatibility, so it is necessary to modify lignin to improve compatibility with natural or synthetic polymers and to expand the range of lignin applications. Starting from the structure and properties of lignin, this paper explores a variety of lignin material modification methods, such as chemical reactions and physical blending to compound lignin with phenolic resins, polyurethane, polyolefins and other materials. Applications of lignin composite functional materials in new functional materials, energy storage materials, environmental protection and medicine are also presented, which are of great importance in promoting high performance and sustainable development of lignin materials.
The influence and application of SiC MOSFET driver modules in the contemporary power electronics industry
Authors: Chen Yulin , Wu Chengcheng , Zhao Siting
Published: November 2023

Technological progress has driven the rapid development of power electronics and enhanced the scale of the industry. SiC MOSFET devices have obvious advantages in applications such as high temperature resistance, high voltage resistance, and low switching loss. However, the different characteristics of such devices will bring related problems that seriously affect the reliability of the device and system. The drive circuit is effective in solving these problems with its small input resistance, parasitic inductance, and large enough drive voltage and current. Starting from the concept and related theoretical composition of SiC MOSFET driver module, this paper mainly analyses the impact of the driver module on the contemporary power electronics industry, and explains the application of the core research theory of the circuit to the industrial level. This paper also analyses the current situation of power electronics industry from the perspective of innovation theory, and looks forward to the prospect of power semiconductor devices.
Characteristics And Development Status of Geothermal Resources in Iceland
Authors: Piao Shijun
Published: November 2023

As Global warming is becoming increasingly severe, decarbonization has become the primary trend in the world. One way to achieve this trend is to use renewable energy resources. Among many kinds of renewable energy, geothermal energy is very neat, and its abundant storage capacity. Also, geothermal resources play a significant role in the energy supply of Iceland. They are utilized both for electricity generation and direct heat application. To this end, this article explains why geothermal energy is abundant in Iceland, and the example of utilization, some advanced technology like drilling technology and power generation technology. In addition, this article introduces the management of geothermal energy like some crucial policies. On this basis, the report concludes Iceland’s experience of a successful transition from using traditional fossil fuels to fully utilizing renewable energy. And the report describes the limitation and future development of geothermal energy.
The Impact of Acid Rain in Central China and Possible Solution
Authors: Bao Yining , Fang Hongbo , Yang Xiwen , Zhang Zihe
Published: November 2023

Acid rain, with a pH below 5.6, is a significant global environmental concern with detrimental effects on ecosystems and human activities. It is the result of sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) reacting with water vapor, oxygen, and other compounds in the atmosphere, forming acids that eventually fall back to the ground. Central China has been identified as one of the most heavily impacted regions by acid rain. This paper summarizes the situation and causes of acid rain in Central China, assesses governmental controls, and points out remaining issues and potential solutions. In Central China, sulfuric acid rain forming from SO2 is the predominant form of acid rain, while nitric acid forming from NOx is a minor contributor. The main sources of acid rain that produce SO2 and NOx include the combustion of fossil fuels, certain industrial processes, vehicle exhausts, and agricultural activities. In addition, the pH value of acid rain in Central China also varies seasonally, with the highest pH value in spring and the lowest in autumn, due to different seasonal atmospheric circulation patterns and meteorological factors, which affect the chance of occurrence and the acidity of acid rain.
Application of Solid Polymer Electrolytes for Solid-State Sodium Batteries
Authors: Lin Ziyang , Wang Zhuofan
Published: November 2023

Rechargeable sodium-ion batteries have become more attractive because of its advantages such as abundant sodium resources and lower costs compared to traditional lithium-ion batteries. In keeping with the future development of high-capacity secondary batteries, solid-state batteries, which use solid electrolytes instead of liquid organic electrolytes, are expected to overcome the challenges of traditional lithium-ion batteries in terms of energy density, cycle life and safety. Among various electrolytes, polymer matrices have great potential and application in flexible solid-state sodium batteries, as they can form large molecular structures with sodium salts, exhibit low flammability and excellent flexibility. But there are still challenges including low ionic conductivity, poor wettability, electrode/electrolyte interface stability and compatibility, which can limit battery performance and hinder practical applications. The preparation, benefits, and drawbacks of polymer-based solid-state sodium batteries (SSBs) are examined in this article based on an overview of solid electrolytes from the perspectives of polymer-based sodium battery materials, solid polymer electrolytes, and composition polymer electrolytes. Finally, it provides insights into the challenges and potential developments for polymer-based solid-state sodium batteries in the future.
Can nutritional and inflammatory indices predict 90-day mortality in fragility hip fracture patients?
Authors: Rutenberg Tal Frenkel , Hershkovitz Avital , Jabareen Rana , Vitenberg Maria , Daglan Efrat , Iflah Moti , Drexler Michael , Shemesh Shai
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Hip fractures in the elderly are related to increased mortality. The identification of patients at risk is essential. Several nutritional and inflammatory parameters were investigated in an effort to find a prognostic indicator for mortality following fragility hip fractures (FHF) surgery. We aim to evaluate their utility and compare between the different factors. Methods: A retrospective cohort study of patients 65 years and older, who underwent surgery following fragility hip fractures between January 2012 and June 2020, was conducted. Patients who died within 90 days were matched at a 1:1 ratio with surviving controls, based on age, gender, fracture type, and comorbidities. Nutritional and inflammatory indices, including serum albumin, protein energy malnutrition (PEM), albumin-to-globulin ratio (AGR), prognostic nutritional index (PNI), the systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and the neutrophile-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), were compared between groups. Results: 304 patients were included, 152 in each group. Patients’ demographics were similar. Among all indices evaluated, only the PLR significantly differed between the study groups (236.9 ± 193.5 for the study group vs. 186.6 ± 119.3 for the control group (p = 0.007). In patients who survived the initial hospitalization, the PEM was also found to be correlated with 90 days mortality. Discussion: The PLR was found to be correlated with mortality risk following FHF surgery. As it can be easily calculated from accessible blood tests, we recommend its’ routine assessment as a screening tool for personalized management of patients at high risk for mortality.
Utility of Clinical and Radiological Markers in Diagnosing Cerebral Tuberculoma and Neurocysticercosis
Authors: Patra Chandrakanta , Paul Shabeer Ahmad , Mondal Gouranga Prosad , Bhattacharyya Ramesh , Ghosh Kartik Chandra
Published: November 2023

Background Ring-enhancing lesion is one of the most common radiological findings in a spectrum of diseases affecting the central nervous system (CNS) including infectious, inflammatory, demyelinating, and neoplastic pathologies.

Objective The aim of this study was to analyze the clinical and radiological parameters of pathologies presenting as ring-enhancing lesions in the brain, especially tuberculoma and neurocysticercosis.

Materials and Methods In this study, 58 patients with ring-enhancing lesions on brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were recruited. Cases were studied for different clinical and radiological variables. Data were analyzed using SPSS 20 version.

Results Tuberculoma is the most common pathology accounting for ring-enhancing lesions in the brain, followed by neurocysticercosis. Seizures were present in the majority of cases, with focal onset seizures being more common than generalized seizures. Multiple ring-enhancing lesions were present in the majority of cases, with the cerebral cortex being the most frequently involved site. On T2 fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) sequence, 2/3rds of the neurocysticercosis cases showed full suppression, whereas only 1/10th of tuberculoma cases showed full suppression. On diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), a minority of neurocysticercosis cases showed diffusion restriction, while more than one-fifth of tuberculoma cases showed diffusion restriction. MR spectroscopy (MRS) results showed that a normal lipid lactate peak was observed in the majority of neurocysticercosis cases, whereas more than half of tuberculoma cases had a high lipid lactate peak. The choline-to-creatine ratio (Chol/Cre ratio) was less than 1.2 in one-third of neurocysticercosis cases and between 1.2 and 2.0 in two-thirds of the cases. In contrast, more than half of tuberculoma cases showed a Chol/Cre ratio between 1.2 and 2.0.

Conclusion Tuberculoma and NCC are the two most common causes of ring-enhancing lesions in developing world. Radiological characteristics like FLAIR suppression and diffusion restriction on MRI and Chol/Cre ratio and lipid peak on MRS can substantiate the clinical parameters in distinguishing the two pathologies to a good extent.