bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pathogenetic mechanisms of antinociceptive activity of antidepressants
Authors: Scheidegger Julia M. , Dorovskiкh Igor V. , Pavlova Tatyana A.
Published: June 2020

The article attempts to generalize the currently known pathogenetic mechanisms of antinociceptive effects of the most widely used antidepressants and to forecast their effectiveness in certain comorbid pathologies
Türkiye’de Siyasi Partiler Arası Seçim İttifaklarına Yönelik Seçmen Algısı: Karaman İlinde Bir Araştırma
Authors: DİLBER Fadime , USTA Sefa
Published: June 2020

Kuvvetler ayrılığı prensibi doğrultusunda, hükümet sistemleri içerisinde parlamenter, yarı

başkanlık ve başkanlık sistemleri ön plana çıkmaktadır. Türkiye’de 2018 yılına kadar

parlamenter sistem hüküm sürerken, 16 Nisan 2017 tarihinde gerçekleştirilen referandumla

anayasa değişikliğine gidilmiş ve Cumhurbaşkanlığı Hükümet Sisteminin anayasal dayanağı

oluşturulmuştur. 24 Haziran 2018 tarihinde yapılan seçimlerle birlikte Cumhurbaşkanlığı

Hükümet Sistemine geçilmiştir. Bu seçimlerde, Cumhurbaşkanlığı Hükümet Sisteminin bir

sonucu olarak siyasi partiler arası ittifak uygulamasına gidilmiştir. Buradan hareketle hazırlanan

çalışmanın temel iddiası “Türkiye’de Cumhurbaşkanlığı Hükümet Sistemi’ne geçiş ve seçim

sistemi sebebiyle siyasi partiler arasında ittifak yapılmasının zorunlu hale geldiğidir”. Bu

minvalden hareketle hazırlanan çalışmanın temel amacı, Karaman ili örneğinden hareketle,

Türkiye’de siyasi partiler arası ittifak yapılmasının seçmenler üzerindeki etkisinin irdelenmesidir.

Bu amaç doğrultusunda hazırlanan çalışmada ilk olarak Türkiye’de Cumhurbaşkanlığı

Hükümet Sistemi hakkında genel hatlarıyla bilgi verilmekte, Türkiye’de siyasi partiler arası

ittifakın arka planı ele alınıp, 2018 genel seçim sonuçları incelenmektedir. Son olarak,

seçmenlerin siyasi partiler arası ittifaka yönelik algılarını belirlemeye yönelik Karaman il

merkezinde gerçekleştirilen alan araştırması sonucunda elde edilen bilgi ve bulgular

değerlendirmeye tabi tutulmaktadır. Betimsel araştırma yöntemi ve nicel araştırma

yöntemlerinden birisi olan anket tekniğinden yararlanılan çalışmada elde edilen bulgular ve

sonuçlardan ilki, katılımcıların yarısı partiler arası ittifak hakkında net bilgiyi sahip olduğudur.

Partiler arası ittifak yapılmasının oy verme davranışlarını değiştirmediğini belirtenlerin oranı %

33’dür. Katılımcıların yarısı, seçim sistemi sebebiyle, siyasi partilerin tek başına iktidar

olamayacağını düşünmeleri sebebiyle ittifaka yöneldiğini ifade etmiştir. Çalışmada elde edilen bir

diğer bulgu, yazılı ve görsel medyanın ittifak içinde olan partilerin söylem, aday ve projelerini

tanıtmada etkili olduğudur.
Türkiye’de Siyasi Parti Kapatma Nedeni Olarak “Devletin Ülkesi ve Milletiyle Bölünmez Bütünlüğü İlkesi”
Authors: USLU Ferhat , ANGUN Sevtap
Published: June 2020

Demokratik sistemlerin vazgeçilmez ve hayati unsuru olan siyasi partiler, temsili demokrasinin yerine getirilmesinin yanı sıra, çağdaş demokrasinin temel niteliği olan “çoğulculuk” ilkesinin hayata geçirilmesinde de önemli rol üstlenmiştir. Türkiye’de Anayasa ve kanunlarda birtakım yasaklarla sınırlandırılan siyasi partiler, söz konusu sınırların ihlali nedeniyle kapatma davaları ile karşı karşıya kalmış ve bu davaların sonucunda ilgili partilere pek çok kez kapatma yaptırımı uygulanmıştır. Hukukumuzda siyasi parti kapatma nedenlerine Anayasamızda açıkça yer verilmiştir. Bunlardan “Devletin ülkesi ve milletiyle bölünmez bütünlüğü” ilkesi nedeniyle verilen siyasi parti kapatma kararlarında Anayasa Mahkemesinin anılan ilkeyi çok katı uyguladığına ilişkin çeşitli eleştireler bulunmaktadır. Avrupa İnsan Hakları Mahkemesi de Anayasa Mahkemesi tarafından verilen kapatma kararlarıyla ilgili olarak çeşitli ihlal kararları vermiştir. Anayasa Mahkemesi kararlarında bir taraftan bölümez bütünlük ilkesinin korunmasına özen gösterirken, diğer taraftan da demokratik ilkelerin hayata geçirilmesini de gözetmelidir. Bu kapsamda ifade hürriyeti ve örgütlenme özgürlüğü hem 1982 Anayasası hem de Avrupa İnsan Hakları Sözleşmesi kapsamında korunan en önemli temel haklardın ikisidir.
İnsani Gelişmişlik Endeksinin Karar Ağacı Algoritmaları ile Modellenmesi: BM’de Bir Uygulama 2010-2017 Dönemi
Authors: YAKUT Emre , KORKMAZ Ali
Published: June 2020

İnsani Gelişme Endeksi (İGE), ülkelerin gelişmişliklerini gözönünde bulundurarak insanların mutluluğunu, sağlıklı bir yaşam ile birlikte başarılı bir hayat sürmelerini dikkate alan bir kalkınma endeksidir. Ülkelerin milli gelirlerini karşılaştırarak o ülkenin daha gelişmiş olduğunu açıklamak yeterli değildir. Birleşmiş Milletler Kalkınma Programı (UNDP) tarafından yayımlanan İGE, insan hayatının daha kaliteli bir hayat sürmesi açısından ülkelerin milli geliri, eğitim ve sağlık göstergelerine dayanarak hesaplanmaktadır. Dolayısıyla İGE, insan hayatının zenginliği açısından ülkelerarası karşılaştırma yapmak için başvurulan bir gösterge değer olmuştur. Bu çalışmada UNDP’nin 2010-2017 yıllarını kapsayan 79 ülkenin verileri kullanılarak veri madenciliğinin karar ağacı tekniklerinden C5.0 ve Gini algoritmaları ile karar ağaçları oluşturulmuştur. Karar ağaçları ile birlikte İGE’ye etki eden faktörler belirlenmiş ve ülkeler çok yüksek, yüksek, orta ve düşük düzey gelişmiş ülkeler olarak sınıflandırılarak kurallar elde edilmiştir. Yapılan analizler sonucunda C5.0 algoritması ile %97,94 ve Gini algoritması ile %91,93’lük doğru sınıflandırma başarısı elde edilmiştir. Bunun dışında duyarlılık ve belirleyicilik istatistikleri de hesaplanmıştır. İGE’ye en fazla etki eden değişkenlerin eğitim, istihdam ve sağlık göstergelerindeki değişkenler olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Ordu Mesudiye Köykent Projesinde Katılım ve Bunun Bireysel Sosyoekonomik Özelliklerle İlişkisi: Kırsal Kalkınma için Çıkarımlar
Authors: MARIN Mehmet C.
Published: June 2020

Bu çalışma Ordu, Mesudiye Köykent Projesi sürecindeki katılımın niteliği ile bireylerin sosyoekonomik ve demografik özelliklerinin katılımın düzeyine etkisini 149 hane reisine uygulanan bir anketin verileri ve sıralı logit modeline dayanarak incelemektedir. Bulgular, katılımın proje resmî belgelerinde ve bazı çalışmalardaki iddiaların aksine sınırlı düzeyde kaldığını, özellikle kadın ve yoksulları yeterince kapsamadığını göstermektedir. Bulgulara göre, hane halkı reislerinin katılım düzeyleri, yaş, cinsiyet, eğitim, kooperatif üyeliği, toprak mülkiyeti ve gelire bağlı olarak değişmektedir. Yapılan faaliyet türü ve köyde geçirilen sürenin ise katılım üzerinde anlamlı etkileri bulunmamaktadır. Katılım ile proje sonuçlarının benimsenme düzeyleri arasında da anlamlı bir korelasyonun bulunmuştur. Sonuç olarak bulgular, katılımın kırsal kalkınma girişimlerinin meşruiyeti ve sürdürülebilirliğini sağlama ve daha başlangıç aşamasında dikkatlice planlamasının önemini göstermektedir.
Causes of Fracture at Catheter of Totally Implantable Venous Access Port: A Systematic Review
Authors: Kridis Wala Ben , Toumi Nabil , Khanfir Afef
Published: June 2020

A totally implantable venous access port (TIVAP) plays a crucial role in the treatment of patients in oncology. Catheter fracture is a serious complication with an estimated incidence of 0, 1% - 1%. The objective of this systematic review is to analyze the mechanism of TIVAP fracture to make physicians aware of this fatal entity. A search of the literature between 1980 and 2019 was conducted using PubMed, Ovid, MEDLINE, and Cochrane Systematic Review databases. The search identified 18 case reports and 8 retrospective studies. Fracture of the middle part of the catheter may be induced by constant compression of the catheter between the first-rib and clavicle, which is called the pinch-off syndrome. Catheter fracture at the port-catheter junction may be caused by extrinsic compression near the port-catheter junction combined with material fatigue due to repeated bending of the catheter with shoulder movement. There is no specific cause for the fracture of a catheter tip. An annual chest X-ray is recommended for the early detection of TIVAP catheter fracture. Percutaneous endovascular retrieval of a dislodged Port-A catheter is both safe and effective. © 2019 Tehran University of Medical Sciences. All rights reserved. Acta Med Iran 2020;57(12):686-689.
Vitamin D3 Deficiency in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: Hayatbakhsh Abbasi Mohammad Mahdi , Zahedi Mohammad Javad , Darvish Moghadam Sodaif , Arab Ghahestani Fereshteh , Karami Robati Fatemeh
Published: June 2020

Regarding the importance of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and the high prevalence of vitamin D3 deficiency in different societies. This study aimed to evaluate the distribution of Vit D3 deficiency in individuals with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. In this cross-sectional study, 122 individuals with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease were selected by a simple sampling method. After collecting demographic data, serum Vit 25(OH) D3 level was measured by the ELFA method. Blood lipids level (TG, cholesterol, HDL, LDL), FBS, AST, ALT, alkaline phosphatase, total and direct bilirubin, albumin, and PT were measured by the enzymatic method. To analyze the data, descriptive and analytical methods and SPSS software version 16 were used. The study cases are comprised of 122 individuals (57.4% male). The average age of cases was 42.4±11.7 years, and the mean of serum Vit D3 level was 19.8±22 ng/dl (3-220 ng/dl). Regarding the serum 25(OH) D3 levels data showed 66.4% of cases were Vit D3 deficient (Vit D3 level< 20 ng/dl), 18% had insufficient level (Vit D3 level=20-30 ng/dl), and the remained 15.6% had sufficient level (Vit D3 level> 30 ng/dl). HDL level was higher in individuals with 25(OH) D3 sufficiency compared to those with 25(OH) D3 insufficiency and Vit D3 deficiency (P=0.019). There was no significant relationship between serum Vit D3 level and other investigated variables. The results of this study indicated that most individuals with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease had Vit D3 deficiency. Further studies are suggested.
Association Between Serum Ferritin Levels and Low Bone Mineral Density in Postmenopausal Osteoporosis Women
Authors: ALjeshi Lama , Haddad Shaden
Published: June 2020

As women go through menopause, serum estrogen decreases, and ferritin increases. Ferritin is an essential component of the body, but many studies have stated that ferritin, which exceeds the normal physiological range, may potentially cause health problems in women. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between bone mineral density and serum ferritin levels in post-menopausal women and to evaluate serum ferritin levels as a potential biomarker for postmenopausal osteoporosis. Serum ferritin levels were measured in 62 postmenopausal women with low bone mineral density, and in 18 postmenopausal healthy control women using a standardized Enzyme-Linked Immune Sorbent Assay (ELISA) kit. Bone mineral density BMD was assessed at the lumbar spine and femoral neck. The mean serum ferritin level was significantly higher in the postmenopausal women with low BMD group (group 1) than in the normal control group (group 2), respectively (mean=262.69 vs. 181.44 ng/ml, (P<0.05), and serum ferritin level was negatively correlated with BMD among low BMD postmenopausal women's group (R= -0.628, P=0.0001), and in the healthy postmenopausal group (R= -0.052, P=0.838). A comparison of the BMD between spine and femur neck sites shows that the frequency of low BMD in the spine site is higher than the femur neck site. Our findings show that increased serum ferritin levels were associated with low bone mineral density in postmenopausal osteoporosis.
A Rare Case Report of Postmenopausal Virilization: Ovarian Steroid Cell Tumor
Authors: Ebrahimpur Mahbube , Mohajeri-Tehrani Mohammad Reza , Saffar Hiva , Pejman Sani Mahnaz
Published: June 2020

Ovarian steroid cell tumors are rare, life-threatening neoplasms that make about 0.1% of all primary ovarian tumors. They frequently present in premenopausal women with the manifestation of virilization. We report a 58-year-old postmenopausal woman that referred to our clinic with clinical manifestation of virilization. Laboratory findings showed markedly elevated serum testosterone level and ultrasound showed 2 follicles with 7 mm diameters in the left ovary. She treated by bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy and synchronous hysterectomy. Histological pathology confirmed a benign steroid cell tumor. The presentation of new-onset and rapid progressive hyperandrogenism is rare in postmenopausal women. In diagnosis, we must consider adrenal and ovarian malignancies. Stromal luteoma is a rare benign ovarian tumor, Which is treated with surgical treatment.
Nurse’s Knowledge and Practice on the Care of Preterm Infants at Khartoum State Hospitals
Authors: Fadlalmola Hammad , Mohammed Amal
Published: June 2020

Background: Premature infants can develop a range of problems because their immature organs. A proper nursing care for a premature baby should be established through good nursing performances. This study aimed to assess nurse's knowledge and practices regarding the care of a premature baby in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).
Methods: This study is a descriptive cross-sectional study, with a systematic collection, analysis, and interpretation of data that reports a clear picture of a particular situation carried out by 72 eligible nurses who were a graduate in BSc., and had at least six months' experience at the time of the study.
Result: The study showed that the percentage of nurse’s knowledge regarding care of premature; definition of preterm neonate 44.4%, nurses’ had poor knowledge, umbilical vessels: Two arteries &one vein 40.3 %, nurses’ had poor knowledge, and the percentage of nurses’ practices regarding care of premature baby; hand washing o 36.1 %, nurses’ have poor practice, so there were poor nurses’ knowledge and practices regarding care of premature baby.
Spinal myoclonus as a rare presentation of neurological disease in Sudan
Authors: A.Ibrahim Etedal Ahmed , M. Osman Asmhan
Published: June 2020

Background: Spinal Myoclonus is a very rare movement disorder characterized by myoclonic involvement of the whole body. Structural lesions are usually the cause ,but in primary spinal myoclonus the etiology remain un known. Case description: We presented a 50 years old farmer from east of sudan presented with jerky movement affecting whole of his body diagnosed clinically as spinal myoclonus .      laboratory study was normal, MRI brain &cervical&dorsal Spine were normal.The patient received clonezepam with marked improvement . CONCLUSION: In any case of spinal myoclonus EEG,EMG&MRI brain &spinal cord must be done to exclude structural lesions. Clonazepam is the drug of choice with magic improvement. in segmental spinal myoclonus botulinum toxin is the best treatment .
Key words: Spinal Myoclonus ,Sudan.
Repensar la insurgencia: movimientos sociales y vanguardias revolucionarias en América Central
Authors: Martín Álvarez Alberto , Martí i Puig Salvador
Published: June 2020

A lo largo del siglo XX, las revoluciones sociales en América Latina fueron obra de amplias coaliciones revolucionarias urbano-rurales multiclasistas y multiétnicas que, en varios casos, fueron incapaces de derrotar a los regímenes que enfrentaban. Tal resistencia a los desafíos revolucionarios ha sido el aspecto focal de la literatura para explicar los diversos desenlaces. Este artículo explora la dinámica interna de las coaliciones revolucionarias, pero centrándose en la relación entre élites revolucionarias y movimientos sociales comparando tres casos con desenlaces diferentes: Nicaragua, El Salvador y Guatemala. Se argumenta que los distintos niveles de autonomía de los movimientos sociales respecto de las élites insurgentes constituyen un factor para la explicación de los triunfos o fracasos de las coaliciones revolucionarias.
avatares de las capacidades institucionales en el sector automotriz en San Luis Potosí, México
Authors: Mballa Louis Valentin , Gasca Torres Ángela Roseli , Ibarra Cortés Mario Eduardo
Published: June 2020

El objetivo de este artículo es analizar la importancia de las capacidades institucionales para el establecimiento, desarrollo y auge del sector automotriz en San Luis Potosí, México. La complejidad del tema conlleva a tomar en cuenta una multitud de variables y actores debido a la pluralidad de intereses, liderazgos, conflictos y ejercicio del poder que se entrecruzan entre dichos actores. El auge de esa industria en esa entidad puede explicarse por la variable de las capacidades institucionales de importancia multidimensional y multifactorial manifestadas por los gobiernos locales. Con un método de investigación esencialmente cualitativo y mediante la realización de entrevistas a actores específicos, se concluye que la cooperación multinivel representa una herramienta para el fortalecimiento del desarrollo económico local. En este sentido, las demandas del sector automotriz a nivel local han generado un cambio en el actuar gubernamental.
eficiencia de la educación superior en México, 2008-2016: Un modelo DEA dinámico-network
Authors: Navarro-Chávez César Lenin , Delfin-Ortega Odette V.
Published: June 2020

Esta investigación parte del enfoque sociológico del capital humano para presentar un análisis de la eficiencia de las universidades públicas en México mediante la metodología dea con un modelo dinámico y estructura network. Para identificar las variables usadas en el modelo, se recurre al análisis factorial y al método de componentes principales. Además se lleva a cabo el cálculo de las dimensiones latentes y el gráfico de sedimentación, en donde se tuvo la presencia de dos componentes. Realizada la rotación de factores, se agruparon de manera natural las variables en los nodos de enseñanza y de investigación, mismos que permitieron la agrupación de los inputs y outputs del modelo dea dinámico-network. Los resultados muestran que el nodo más eficiente fue el de la enseñanza.
Mapping E-Auction Sharia Compliant Requirements to User Interface Design
Authors: Jailani Norleyza , Al-Aaidroos Mohammed , Mukhtar Muriati , Abu Bakar Marini , Ismail Amirah
Published: June 2020

Successful online auction platform depends on many factors. These factors amongst others include competent business models which can survive the world’s economic challenges, useful features to attract buyers and sellers, as well as intuitive and easy to learn interface to enhance user experience. The infamous eBay for example is considered the most successful e-auction platform which caters for various products, while artnet is reviewed as an e-auction dedicated to art with the highest revenue. eBay has the largest user base of all the online auction sites. Though it has some steep fees, it also has an easy-to-use interface that makes listing items simple. Although these e-auction platforms are attractive in so many ways, many Muslim consumers are increasingly aware of Islam as a way of life, and their responsibility to seek not just for halal products but also to use services which guarantee legitimacy of the transactions and conformant to Islamic business rules. This study presents Mazad, a Sharia compliant e-auction platform that offers processes and procedures that meet Sharia requirements, promotes benevolent behavior, as well as Islamic business ethics. In order to encourage Muslim and non-Muslim users alike to learn about specific e-auction features which are not available in conventional online auctions, this work emphasizes on the mapping of the sharia requirements of e-auctions and their implementation in Mazad by highlighting its user interface design. The user centered design principles as well as the “What You See Is What You Get” concept is used in designing Mazad, the sharia compliant e-auction platform.
Novel of Cogging Torque Reduction Technique for Permanent Magnet Generator by Compounding of Magnet Edge Shaping and Dummy Slotting in Stator Core
Authors: Nur Tajuddin , Joe Liza Evelyn , Siregar Marsul
Published: June 2020

This paper dealt with the investigation and implementation of the cogging torque reduction technique in permanent magnet generators with a fractional slot stator/rotor combination of 24 slot/18 pole structure. A novel of cogging torque technique in a permanent magnet generator was developed and proposed in the paper. In the study, the cogging torque reduction technique was based on the compounding of two cogging torque reduction techniques, i.e., the magnet edge shaping with dummy slotting in the stator core of the fractional slot number. By employing the CT reduction technique proposed, effects on the decreasing of tangential flux density in the air gap of the permanent magnet generator, while the normal flux density almost remained constant. The tangential flux density is one important parameter regarding the peak of cogging torque in permanent magnet generator or other electrical machine structure. The normal and tangential flux have been analyzed. The cogging torque of the permanent magnet generator was analyzed and presented in the paper. By compounding both cogging torque reduction techniques, i.e., magnet edge shaping and dummy slotting in stator teeth have been expected to achieve the cogging torque reduction. The electromagnetic performance of the permanent magnet generator was performed using a finite element analysis of FEMM 4.2. It has been proved that by combining of magnet edge shaping and dummy slotting in stator teeth can reduce the cogging torque of permanent magnet generator significantly. It has been found that the cogging torque reduction for the proposed structure around 98.08 % compared with the initial structure.
Study on Error Correction Capability of Simple Concatenated Polar Codes
Authors: Sinurat Robin , Maulana Muhamad Rizki , Anwar Khoirul , Ismail Nanang
Published: June 2020

Polar codes ware mathematically proven to achieve the Shannon limit, where the error probability is reduced with the help of frozen bits. Since the frozen bits are detrimental in terms of transmission efficiency, this paper investigates the importance of the frozen bits and the possibility of being replaced by other protected bits via a concatenation with other outer channel coding schemes. We evaluate the impact of frozen bits to the capability of error correction of original Polar codes (OPC) and the concatenated Polar codes (CPC) in short block-length in terms of bit-error-rate (BER) performances. Repetition codes are used as outer channel encoder prior to the Polar codes and are divided into two schemes, i.e., (i) irregular repetition-CPC (IR-CPC) codes and (ii) regular repetition-CPC (RR-CPC) codes. We evaluate BER performances using computer simulations based on Log-Likelihood Ratio (LLR) with the modulation of Binary Phase Shift Keying (BPSK) under Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) and frequency-flat Rayleigh Fading channels. We found that the OPC is better than the IR-CPC codes or RR-CPC codes for the same channel coding rate and block-length. This finding indicates that the frozen bits in OPC has strong contribution to the error correction capability of the Polar codes and may not be replaced by other bits even though the bits are protected by other channel coding schemes.
Performance Evaluation of Portable Hot Water Jet for Frozen Meat Industry Application
Authors: Khalid Nurul Izzah , Ab. Aziz Norashikin , Taip Farah Saleena
Published: June 2020

High temperature-induced water jet has important cleaning factors for effective cleaning at food industries because it can provide mechanical, heat, and chemical effects during cleaning. It can also reduce cleaning time, labor load, and utility consumptions, hence reducing the operating costs and enhance sustainability. However, it has not been used widely in small and medium food industries due to a lack of cleaning awareness and small budget allocation for cleaning and disinfection. In this article, we evaluated the performance of a portable water jet in the laboratory before it was introduced to the frozen meat industry. Removal of invisible fat-based fouling deposits which remained on the surfaces of the meat processing equipment is quite a challenge. In this work, stainless steel surfaces were fouled with the fat-based fouling deposit. The fouled stainless-steel surfaces were used for the cleanability tests. The tests were conducted at different parameters which were cleaning parameters (temperature (35 °C and 65 °C) and cleaning detergent presence), cleaning operations (nozzle distances (5 cm and 30 cm)) and surface geometries (vertical and horizontal) which representing the different equipment’s geometry. Physical cleanliness (visual and touch) and protein residue swab test was used as the cleaning indicators. The target cleanliness was achieved at a high cleaning temperature of 65°C and with the presence of cleaning detergent. Results from these tests will be used as a guide to design an optimal cleaning program for SMEs frozen meat patty factory.
Extraction, Optimization, and Dyeing Standardization using Fresh Orange Citrus Peel on Cotton Fabrics
Authors: Kusumawati Nita , Santoso Agus Budi , Wijiastuti Asri , Muslim Supari
Published: June 2020

This research was conducted to explore, characterize, and standardize the orange citrus peel utilization as one of the potential materials for eco-friendly dyeing on cotton. To find out the potential application has been conducted pre-mordant dyeing, which involves alum as mordant. Optimization of the interaction between the fibers, dye, mordant, and fixer, is done through the application of the different washing time, dyeing frequency, as well as fixer types. Orange citrus peel extract used in dyeing was obtained from water solvent extraction. To determine the presence of chromophores that determine the dyeing quality, a spectrum test was performed using a UV-Visible spectrophotometer. The results show that fixation with iron (II) sulfate, alum and lime have triggered an attractive color, namely golden yellow on iron (II) sulfate fixation, and light yellow, which are both produced in alum and lime fixation. Visual and instrumentation evaluation using Diffuse Reflectant Ultra Violet (DRUV) showed that different washing time, dyeing frequency, and fixers had affected the color strength. Specifically, the reflectance percentage produced was 86.54% -56.96% for washing times of 0-6 h; and 78.95%-3.71% for the dyeing frequency 1-10 times. The increase in color intensity that occurs along with a decrease in the reflectance percentage illustrates the potential magnitude for orange citrus peel skin to be further developed as a new natural dye with high economic value in the eco-friendly textile industry.
Morphological and Molecular Identification of Ramie Plants (Boehmeria nivea L. Gaud) in Indonesia
Authors: Mayerni Reni , Chan Sari Rukmana Okta Sagita , Gustian -
Published: June 2020

This research has been conducted at the Experimental Farm of Agricultural Faculty of Andalas University and the Laboratory of the Department of Agronomy and Horticulture Agricultural Faculty, IPB University, Bogor. The purpose of this study was to determine the genetic diversity with similarity analysis of the ramie plant collection of Experimental Farm, Agricultural Faculty of Andalas University. This research was conducted employing morphological and molecular characterization. Morphological characterization of the ramie plant is done by observing the character 17 qualitative and 15 quantitative characters ramie plant. While the molecular characterization using RAPD markers (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA) with ten primers. The results of morphological characters, which serve as distinguishing characteristics of the five clones, is the color of the leaf. The results of the qualitative character of phenotypic variance analysis of variability obtained plants with broad criteria contained in the 4-character observation (the color of the leaf petiole, the leaf color, flower color, and female sex flowers). Similarity analysis based on morphological characters is qualitatively classified into two groups with the degree of similarity coefficient from 0.34 to 0.75. Similarity analysis of qualitative and quantitative combined data grouped into two groups with the degree of similarity coefficient from 0.02 to 0.20. The similarity analysis based on molecular characters is grouped into two groups with a similarity coefficient level of 0.27 to 0.75.
A Staggered Method for Simulating Shallow Water Flows along Channels with Irregular Geometry and Friction
Authors: Sulistyono Bambang Agus , Wiryanto Leo Hari , Mungkasi Sudi
Published: June 2020

We consider the shallow water equations along channels with non-uniform rectangular cross sections with source terms due to bottom topography, channel width, and friction factor. The system of equations consists of the mass and momentum conservation equations. We have two main goals in this paper. The first is to develop a numerical method for solving the model of shallow water equations involving those source terms. The second is to investigate effects of friction in water flows governed by the model. We limit our research to the flows of one-dimensional problems. The friction uses the Manning's formula. The mathematical model is solved numerically using a finite volume numerical method on staggered grids. We propose the use of this method, because the computation is cheap due to that no Riemann solver is needed in the flux calculation. Along with a detailed description of the scheme, in this paper, we show a strategy to include the discretization of the friction term in the staggered-grid finite volume method. Simulation results indicate that our strategy is successful in solving the problems. Furthermore, an obvious effect of friction is that it slows down water flows. We obtain that great friction values lead to slow motion of water, and at the same time, large water depth. Small friction values result in fast motion of water and small water depth.
A Framework for Factors Influencing the Implementation of Information Assurance for e-Government in Indonesia
Authors: Utomo Rio Guntur , Wills Gary , Walters Robert
Published: June 2020

Electronic government (e-Government) enables outstanding improvements to be made to services for the public by the government. This is achieved through improvements to service quality and availability for which access can be given regardless of place and time. In Indonesia, the implementation of e-Government is still not extensively comprehensive and yet being optimized. To support e-Government implementation, it is essential to implement information assurance (IA). This is intended to reduce the risks to businesses in regard to information and information systems and ensuring the business continuity when incidents occur. Additionally, it is necessary to understand the practices and cultures which exist in the government agencies which are implementing IA. However, so far, there has not been any research that has focused on IA for Indonesian e-Government. Therefore, this paper researches the factors which influence the implementation of IA in Indonesia to support e-Government. A framework is proposed and consists of three categories: Indonesian Context, Implementation Management, and Organizational Management. The framework was developed through the identification of the factors from IA international standards, international publications, and various challenges. Furthermore, the framework was reviewed and confirmed by surveying practitioners, and interviewing experts in the IA, information security, and e-Government fields in various Indonesian institutions. The results were analyzed by conducting the non-parametric test. In addition, Cronbach’s alpha test was used for testing the data reliability. The results demonstrate that every proposed factor in the framework is significant.
Design and Simulation of a Model Predictive Controller (MPC) for a Seismic Uniaxial Shake Table
Authors: Malalis Royce Val C. , Crisostomo Chyn Ira C. , Saysay Romel S. , Abad Alexander C. , Garciano Lessandro Estelito O. , Baldovino Renann G.
Published: June 2020

Shake table is one of the apparatus that aids in researches to generate techniques, structural developments, and strategies to prevent, prepare, and minimize an earthquake’s devastating effects. One important factor that should be considered in a shake table is the system dynamics due to control-structural interactions, which could either be linear or non-linear. To accurately model both has always been the challenge but becomes more plausible with the availability of faster hardware and computers and the continuous decrease in latency. Model Predictive Controller (MPC) is a type of controller extensively used in the industry that can be used on linear and non-linear systems. This study presents the design and simulation of an MPC for a uniaxial shake table intending to analyze the system’s behavior and accuracy. MATLAB Simulink was utilized to handle the simulation analysis of the controller. Different MPC parameters such as sample time, prediction horizon, control horizon, and closed-loop performance were manipulated and adjusted to observe their effects on the output of the system. A signal that mimics the actual earthquake data was inputted into the controller, and the system's behavior and outputs were measured and presented through graphical representations. To determine the accuracy of the system’s output, its relationship with the reference signal was compared. From the simulation produced, the system demonstrated high accuracy levels and could be adjusted depending on the set performance aggressiveness of the system.
Strategia rozwoju turystyki jako narzędzie planowania na poziomie lokalnym na przykładzie gminy Karlino (woj. Zachodniopomorskie)
Authors: Szostak Daniel , Głąbiński Zbigniew , Duda Tomasz
Published: June 2020

Celem artykułu jest analiza korelacji między działaniami związanymi z planowaniem rozwoju turystyki na poziomie lokalnym a oczekiwaniem ukierunkowanego rozwoju danej przestrzeni. W tekście ukazano rolę władz gminy Karlino w realizacji działań o charakterze strategicznym oraz integracji lokalnych beneficjentów wokół takich przedsięwzięć. Omówiono również, jakie znaczenie dla lokalnej gospodarki turystycznej ma opracowanie strategii rozwoju turystyki i wdrażanie jej. Ponadto określono rolę i miejsce planowania strategicznego w tworzeniu i rozwijaniu potencjału turystycznego gminy, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem gminy Karlino. W artykule scharakteryzowano również politykę turystyczną lokalnych władz samorządowych, a także obrane przez nie cele strategiczne, oraz wskazano kierunki rozwoju turystyki na badanym obszarze. W pracy wykorzystano następujące metody badawcze: ekspercką, obserwacyjną (z zastosowaniem techniki inwentaryzacyjnej, w tym spisu z natury elementów składowych analizowanej przestrzeni), monograficzną, sondażu diagnostycznego (z wykorzystaniem techniki ankietowania pracowników instytucji z badanego obszaru, obejmującego gminę Karlino, pozostałe gminy powiatu białogardzkiego, gminy Związku Miast i Gmin Dorzecza Parsęty), a także krytycznej analizy dokumentów i piśmiennictwa. Na przykładzie gminy Karlino i realizowanych w niej przedsięwzięć o charakterze strategicznym związanych z turystyką można stwierdzić, że planowanie jest jednym z najskuteczniejszych narzędzi gminnego rozwoju lokalnego. W szczególności aktywność taka pokazuje, że władze gminy mogą ukierunkować jej rozwój społeczno-gospodarczy, opierając się nie na działaniach obligatoryjnych, tylko fakultatywnych, mających na celu strategiczne wykorzystanie posiadanych zasobów endogenicznych. W artykule wskazano kierunki działania strategicznego na podstawie inwentaryzacji dostępnych zasobów endogenicznych. Ukazano również, jakie korzyści dla lokalnej gospodarki turystycznej przynosi opracowanie strategii rozwoju turystyki.
Effects of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Fertilizer Rates on Maize (Zea mays L.) Growth and Yields in Terraced Lands of Medium and High Altitude Regions of Rwanda
Authors: Fashaho A. , Musandu A. O. , Lelei J. J. , Mwonga S. M. , Ndegwa G. M.
Published: June 2020

Depletion of nitrogen and phosphorus in terraced hilly areas of Rwanda has lowered maize (Zea mays L.) production. Trials were carried out in 2017 and 2018 in four-year-old-terraced Lixisols and Acrisols of medium and high altitudes to determine effect of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer application rates on maize yields. A factorial arrangement of four levels of nitrogen (0, 60, 120 and 180 kg N ha-1) and phosphorus (0, 40, 80 and 120 kg P2O5 ha-1) in a randomized complete block design with 3 replications, was used. Results showed that combinations of 120 - 180 kg N ha-1 and 80 - 120 kg P2O5 ha-1 resulted in significantly (P less than 0.05) higher increases in plant height (45 – 60 % and 56 – 70 % over the control), stem collar diameter (63 – 74 % and 43 % over the control) and grain yields (3 times over the control; i.e. 6.40 – 6.46 t ha-1 and 6.02 - 6.12 t ha-1) in medium and high altitude sites. The optimum fertilizer rates are 176.6 kg N ha-1 and 96.2 kg P2O5 ha-1 in terraced Lixisols of medium altitude area. Land use needs to adjust fertilizer application to these optimum rates for enhanced maize yields in this area and other regions with similar agro-ecological characteristics. Further studies on integrated effects of N and P fertilizers are recommended.
Processing of Raw Agricultural Produce and its Effect on Pesticide Residues: A Review
Authors: Padaliya S. R. , Parmar K. D. , Chawla Suchi
Published: June 2020

Due to ever increasing population and limited natural resources use of pesticides as a major input to increase agricultural productivity is indispensible today. However, their inadequate application may produce large quantities of residues in the environment leading to environmental contamination. These residues may leach in the soil, water and even remain in the crop residues and food products. From there they enter in human food chain posing serious health hazards. Various food processing techniques, at industrial and/or domestic level, have been found to reduce the contents of pesticide residues in most food materials. These techniques alone or in combination reduce the levels of pesticides significantly in the food items. In the present review effect of processes like washing, peeling, cooking, drying, milling and industrial techniques like, baking, dairy products, fermentation, malting etc are reviewed. The review of literature suggests there is a need to systematize and optimize these techniques so that these can be used to provide a safer food culture for humans.
In-vitro Callus Induction and Regeneration of Brinjal (Solanum melongena L.) through Cotyledon
Authors: Bhat Shreedhar Ganapati , Arulananthu G. , Ramesh N.
Published: June 2020

Brinjal is one of the most popular, nutritional and vegetable crops in the world. It plays a vital role in the national economy as a cash crop. Tissue culture techniques used for in-vitro plant regeneration through cotyledon explants of eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) with different combinations of plant growth hormones BAP (4.44, 6.66, 8.88, 11.10 and 13.32µM) and IAA (0.57, 1.14 and 1.71µM) used for in-vitro regeneration of brinjal. The cotyledon explants used in this study, the highest callus induction found on BAP 8.88 µM and IAA 1.14 µM. The callus induction occurred after 15days from initiation, shoot induction occurred after 30 days from initiation and shoot elongation was carried out on the same medium, shoot elongation occurred after 45 days from initiation. MS hormone-free medium found best for root regeneration, the elongated shoots were selected and transferred to a test tube containing MS hormone-free rooting medium and the elongated shoots produce roots after 15 days. Then the rooted plantlets were transferred to poly-cup with a pre-sterilized mixture of coco peat for primary hardening under poly-tunnel for 10days. Subsequently, there generated plantlets acclimatized under the greenhouse. Then, hardened plants transferred to the open field for further development. This plant regeneration method can be useful for the production of the disease-free plant.
Effect of Seed Hardening and Pelleting on Germination and Seedling Attributes of Cowpea under Saline Condition
Authors: Prakash M. , Maamallan S. , Sathiyanarayanan G. , Rameshkumar S.
Published: June 2020

Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) is an important legume crop. Investigations were undertaken to study the effect of seed hardening, seed pelleting and combined effect of seed hardening with seed pelleting on germination and seedling growth of cowpea under induced saline condition viz., EC4, EC8, EC12 and EC16. Cowpea seeds were hardened with KCl @ 1%, CaCl2 @ 1% and both KCl and CaCl2 @ 1% and hardened seeds were further pelleted with pungam leaf powder @ 100, 150 and 200 g kg-1 of seed. Observations on germination % and seedling parameters were recorded. The experimental results revealed that increased salinity reduced germination and seedling growth in terms of germination %, speed of germination, root length, shoot length, dry matter production and vigour index. However, hardening and pelleting treatments significantly increased all these parameters at all the levels of salinity when compared to control. Among the treatments, seeds hardened with KCl @ 1 % + CaCl2 @ 1 % and pelleted with pungam leaf powder @ 200 g per kg recorded higher germination % and all the seedling parameters when compared to control and other treatments.
Intersectional Standpoint Methodology: Toward Theory-Driven Participatory Research on Human Trafficking
Authors: Twis Mary K. , Preble Kathleen
Published: June 2020

Human trafficking research has increased over the last 20 years; however, the limited use of empiricism and theory in human trafficking research fuels criticism that extant human trafficking research lacks rigor and legitimacy. This deficit complicates researchers' ability to limit bias and employ measurable variables, ultimately hampering the creation of knowledge and evidence-based interventions for practitioners engaged in work on micro- and macrolevels. In an effort to address these liabilities in research, the authors propose an intersectional standpoint methodology (ISM) for human trafficking scholarship. At its foundation, the proposed qualitative methodology maintains that (a) the individual's standpoint is critical to understanding oppression, (b) structural obstacles in political and social systems lead to further oppression, (c) oppressed persons' storytelling and lived experiences are critical, and (d) any knowledge about oppressed groups obtained through qualitative inquiry ought to be applied to macrosystems to create change. This proposed methodology identifies measurable variables by which to explore the trafficking experience and is positioned to enhance scholarly activities with survivors through community-based participatory research.
Victim or Prostitute? The Classification of Commercial Sex Events Involving Minors in the National Incident-Based Reporting System
Authors: Kulig Teresa C. , Fissel Erica R. , Anderson Valerie R. , Fisher Bonnie S.
Published: June 2020

Sex trafficking is recognized as a national problem that inflicts serious harm on its victims, yet, legislative responses to trafficking vary depending on jurisdiction. Federal legislation considers youths who engage in commercial sex acts as trafficking victims. States, however, vary in the evidence required to prove a juvenile is a victim of sex trafficking, as opposed to an offender of prostitution. Using four years of data from the National Incident-Based Reporting System, we compared details of commercial sex incidents involving youths who were identified as trafficking victims or arrested as prostitutes. Beyond legislative differences, comparisons between cases are discussed to illuminate how state law enforcement officials legally classify these events involving adolescents (i.e., as victims or prostitutes). Further, we consider the policy implications of the findings.
Before Saying “I Do”: Legal and Policy Considerations for Facilitating Clarity on Human Trafficking and the Protection of Children in Albania
Authors: Heywood Loria-Mae
Published: June 2020

Data available on victims of human trafficking in Albania does not appear to point to a significant problem of human trafficking in the country. For example, from the years 2016 to 2018, 61 persons were officially determined to be victims of human trafficking, in a context where the average population for that period was 2,871,978 persons. However, beneath this representation of an ostensible average level of trafficking in Albania are signs which seem to be suggestive of a more serious problem in the country. Reports, for example, indicate that authorities have sometimes associated trafficking with a transnational element, while challenges have continued to be posed to the identification of those involved in forced begging, particularly unaccompanied children, street children, and children crossing borders. In addition to highlighting and assessing evident challenges that exist in the identification of real and potential victims of trafficking and the gaps that exist in the protection of children and vulnerable groups in law and in practice, this report provides clarity on the meaning of human trafficking and what could be done to provide a clearer picture of victims of trafficking in Albania. As Albania is being considered for accession negotiations in respect of entry into the European Union, the time is opportune to address challenges and gaps to the prevention and response to trafficking particularly given the European Commission's concerns on human trafficking and child trafficking in Albania.
Ética y docencia universitaria. Percepciones y nuevos desafíos
Authors: Zeledón Ruiz María del Pilar , Aguilar Rojas Oscar Ney
Published: June 2020

En este artículo se presenta la percepción que tienen los docentes de la Escuela de Administración de Negocios (EAN) de la Universidad de Costa Rica, acerca de la ética y la docencia universitaria. Para ello, mediante un diseño mixto de enfoque dominante cualitativo, sustentado en un paradigma sociocrítico, se realizan indagaciones más dinámicas y se apoyan con mayor solidez los resultados científicos, para generar autorreflexión y propiciar la transformación educativa. En tal sentido, se aplicó una encuesta autoadministrada a 147 académicos, complementada con llamadas telefónicas y entrevistas cara a cara. Los resultados destacan el alto grado de importancia que le otorgan los docentes a la ética en la formación profesional, así como las estrategias y valores que deben caracterizar al profesional en Negocios. Las conclusiones reafirman la necesidad del fortalecimiento de la actuación ética en el desempeño profesional de los estudiantes. Asimismo, se destaca que estos profesionales con principios éticos desarrollan competencias blandas (trabajo en equipo, comunicación, liderazgo) y establecen mejores relaciones humanas y organizacionales.