bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Quality and Usefulness of Data: Investigating the Discrepancies in Pakistani Public School Data and Implications for the Way Forward
Authors: Waheed Syed Abdul , Ghulam Qambar  , Nadia Gilani
Published: July 2020

The quality school data contributes to reliable decision making in the school education system. The data provided by different organizations should be consistent, valid and complement each other to establish its quality and usefulness. The present study purports to explore the discrepancies among the different data sources that have implications for improving the quality and usefulness of school data. The available school data from various sources of school education was used followed by an explanation through semi-structured interviews with the teachers employing an explanatory mixed methods design. The results revealed that there were substantial discrepancies among varying school data sources that did not reflect the ‘real’ work efficiency of the schools and the school authorities excessively rely on such data for significant decision-making. This leads to a risk of bringing meaningless reforms in the school education system. These discrepancies found in the school data sources have implications for improving the existing practices of data collection and a performance appraisal mechanism in schools.
Growth and Development of Saraiki Novel
Authors: Syed Safdar Hussain  , Ayaz Ahmad Rind
Published: July 2020

The linguistic developments have always been coincideing with the development of human civilizations. It is, therefore, commonly believed among historians and linguistic scholars that language and its various generes are the museum of any civilization that help understand depth and breadth of its development over time. The historical development of Saraiki language over time also has been reflected into its various geners such as poetry, drama, prose, folklores or nonfiction, and media.  The present study has examined the the historical development of literary genre, novel in modern Saraiki literature and its sociocultural and linguistic implications. The study would help researcg scholars in the area of Saraiki literature and linguistics to gain deeper understanding of historical development of Saraiki novel in relation to other generes and look into its relationship with sociocultural development of people in Saraiki speaking areas.
ANALYSIS OF BREAK-EVEN POINT IN CV.BATA CIKARANG INDONESIA
Authors: Jamaludin Agus
Published: July 2020

This study was obtained from the balance sheet and income statement of CV Bata Cikarang Indonesia in 2018, then the title is: Break Event Point Analysis on CV Bata Cikarang Indonesia. The goal is to find out the performance of CV Bata Cikarang seen from the company's Break Event Point. The research method is Field Research by visiting research objects and conducting interviews, and Library Research by exposing existing data in the form of Balance Sheet and Profit and Loss reports, and sales of data in the form of quantitative data and in the form of descriptive. Break Event Point analysis is performed to determine the company's financial performance, can also be used as a reference in making decisions that affect the company's future. As for the results in 2017 the BEP unit is 1,055,194 and the rupiah BEP is IDR 422,077,922 and 2018 the BEP unit = 1,027,397.26 and the IDR BEP is IDR 462,392,108.
PERCEPÇÕES DA COMUNIDADE ESCOLAR SOBRE OS RESULTADOS QUALITATIVOS E QUANTITATIVOS EM UMA ESCOLA INTEGRAL
Authors: Aguiar Alessandra Marcos , Vidal Odaléa Feitosa
Published: July 2020

O objetivo deste artigo é perceber, a partir da escuta da comunidade escolar, os impactos dos resultados obtidos por uma escola integral do município de Surubim, no estado de Pernambuco. Para tanto, procedeuse a uma pesquisa quali-quantitativa, por meio de aplicação de questionários estruturados. A metodologia norteou-se pela pesquisa-ação, com dados obtidos por um grupo focal. Percebeu-se, o reconhecimento da comunidade escolar sobre o papel da gestão na oferta de um ensino com qualidade social, por meio de variados projetos pedagógicos. Espera-se que os achados desta investigação possam inspirar outras escolas integrais, a fim de enriquecer sua rotina escolar com ações significativas e fomentadoras de protagonismo.
A GESTÃO ESCOLAR COMO SUBSÍDIO AO DIREITO À EDUCAÇÃO: uma articulação a partir da noção de função social da escola
Authors: Santos Catarina De Almeida , Nogueira Danielle Xábregas Pamplona , Ferreira Marcello
Published: July 2020

.
Perceived acceptability of an inhaled oxytocin for the prevention of postpartum haemorrhage in Ethiopia
Authors: Oliver Victoria L , Lambert Pete , Tolera Moti , Teklu Alula M , Minaye Abebaw , McIntosh Michelle P
Published: July 2020

Background

New formulations and administration formats of oxytocin are required to overcome the current barriers to gold standard care for the prevention of postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) in low-resource settings. This study explored the potential acceptability of a heat-stable, inhaled oxytocin product in Ethiopia, a country with a high burden of PPH-related deaths.

Methods

A qualitative research study design was employed in which focus group discussions and in-depth interviews were conducted with community members, healthcare providers and key informants. Research fields included: contextual acceptability (current attitudes toward PPH, oxytocin and inhaled or injectable medicines); product acceptability (attitudes towards an inhaled oxytocin product); and usage setting acceptability (acceptable settings for product use)

Results

Acknowledgement of PPH as a significant maternal health issue and recognition of oxytocin as the gold standard of care for prevention will contribute to the contextual acceptability of an inhaled oxytocin product. An oxytocin inhaler was largely considered acceptable for use, with the heat stability viewed as a principal benefit. A non-injectable administration format that could be delivered by an individual with minimal training was also cited as an advantage. Concerns included the feasibility of attaining patient cooperation to inhale the dose correctly during the third stage of labour. While a high need for the product at out of facility deliveries was identified, births attended by a skilled healthcare provider will be the most acceptable setting for use from a health policy perspective.

Conclusions

An inhaled oxytocin product is likely to be acceptable to relevant stakeholders in Ethiopia. This will facilitate adoption of the product and thereby enable improvements in maternal health outcomes.
Cultura popular e poesia social brasileira: identidades e resistência no Brasil contemporâneo
Authors: Oliveira Cleber José De
Published: July 2020

Na atualidade, a produção cultural/poética de cunho popular pode ser compreendida como uma espécie de crônica da realidade brasileira. De modo geral, tal produção se pauta numa coerência estética que tem no imbricamento de elementos como: a oralidade, a sátira, a rasura discursiva, a coloquialidade, a liberdade formal e linguística, a questão identitária, sua maior força de contestação e expressividade. Isso atrelado a uma atitude de engajamento de seus produtores em causas sociais de caráter popular. Considerando tais pressupostos, o presente artigo discute e sustenta que a poesia social produzida sob a égide da cultura popular se configura como uma potente chave interpretativa da organização estrutural e das relações de poder que ocorreram/ocorrem em diferentes etapas da vida brasileira. Ademais, busca influenciar eventuais mudanças na realidade sociocultural e política do país. Para tanto, compila e analisa criticamente aspectos dessa cultura e de sua expressão poética, visando ampliar o debate e o campo de conhecimento sobre esse tema.
Начальные этапы онтогенеза Dianthus andrzejowskianus (Zapal.) Kulcz. в условиях Южного Урала
Authors: Узянбаева Л. Х. , Реут A. A.
Published: July 2020

Изучены биологические особенности D. andrzejowskianus в условиях Башкирского Предуралья в 2016 – 2019 гг. D. andrzejowskianus по ритму развития относится к летне-зимне-зелёным видам летнего цветения, по продолжительности вегетации — к длительно вегетирующим. Приведены данные по онтогенезу данного вида. Описаны 3 возрастных периода (латентный, прегенеративный и генеративный) и 6 онтогенетических состояний (проростки, ювенильное, имматурное, виргинильное, молодое и средневозрастное генеративные состояния). Индикаторными признаками возрастных состояний являются: для проростков — наличие тонкого зародышевого корешка, 2 семядоли овальной формы; для ювенильных особей — появление первых настоящих листьев; для имматурных особей — переход растений к симподиальному нарастанию и разрастание корневой системы. В виргинильном состоянии увеличивается вегетативная сфера, растение приобретает черты взрослых особей. У молодых генеративных растений появляются немногочисленные репродуктивные побеги. Средневозрастное генеративное состояние характеризуется наиболее мощно развитой вегетативной и репродуктивной сферами.
ANALISIS HARGA ECERAN GULA KRISTAL PUTIH INDONESIA
Authors: Rachmadhan Aditya Arief , Kusnadi Nunung , Adhi Andriyono Kilat
Published: July 2020

Abstrak
Salah satu upaya pemerintah untuk menyediakan gula kristal putih dengan harga terjangkau di tingkat konsumen adalah dengan menetapkan harga acuan penjualan (HAP). Meskipun demikian, harga gula kristal putih di tingkat konsumen terus meningkat dari tahun ke tahun. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis faktor yang memengaruhi pembentukan harga eceran gula kristal putih secara komprehensif. Penelitian ini menggunakan model ekonometrika (dibangun berdasarkan data time series bulanan dari tahun 2012 hingga tahun 2017, terdiri dari 13 persamaan dan diestimasi menggunakan metode 2 SLS) dan simulasi kebijakan. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa faktor yang berpengaruh secara signifikan pada harga eceran gula kristal putih adalah konsumsi gula kristal putih, impor gula kebutuhan industri, harga gula dunia, harga beras di tingkat konsumen dan harga eceran gula kristal putih periode sebelumnya. Harga beras di tingkat konsumen merupakan variabel yang paling berpengaruh terhadap pembentukan harga gula kristal putih. Skenario kebijakan yang dapat menurunkan harga eceran gula kristal putih adalah penerapan HAP gula kristal putih yang terintegrasi dengan kenaikan  impor gula kristal putih.
 
Abstract
One of the government's efforts to provide plantation white sugar at low prices at the consumer level is to set a reference sales price (HAP). Nevertheless, plantation white sugar consumer prices continue to increase. The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors that influence plantation white sugar consumer prices. This study uses an econometrics model (build from monthly time series data from 2012 until 2017, consist of 13 equations and estimated using the 2SLS method) and policy simulation. The results, an decrease in HAP, has no impact on plantation white sugar consumer prices. An increase in plantation white sugar imports can reduce the plantation white sugar consumer prices. The results show that the factors that significantly influence the retail price of plantation white sugar are consumption of plantation white sugar, import of industrial sugar, world sugar prices, rice prices at the consumer level, and retail prices of plantation white sugar in the previous periods. The price of rice at the consumer level is the most influential variable. The policy scenario that can reduce the retail price of white crystal sugar is the application of white crystal sugar HAP that is integrated with the increase in white crystal sugar imports.
JEL Classification: Q02, Q11, Q18
UJI BEDA PREFERENSI BELANJA IMPOR BARANG KIRIMAN ATAS PERUBAHAN BATAS PEMBEBASAN BEA MASUK
Authors: Yusuf Himawan
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT: Modification of threshold exemption from import duties was tested whether changing consumer preferences in shopping from abroad. This study uses a paired test with the initial hypothesis that there is no difference in the daily average value of imports before and after the policy is applied. The research data is only from the Customs offices which have services for shipment items (32 offices) on October 1, 2019, to March 2, 2020. Descriptive statistical results show that the average was USD135,065, then dropped to USD127,430. Based on the results, both the Paired Sample T Test and The Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test obtained a p-value of 0,000, meaning that the initial hypothesis was rejected. The adoption of this policy has changed the preferences of consumers shopping from abroad. The Government's aim to reduce the trade balance deficit and protect domestic businesses appears to be successful, however, if there are no substitute goods available in the country, the import will only move from importing consignment goods to general imports. The novelty is the variable of import duty on shopping preferences is not widely used. The limitation of this study only measures changes in spending preferences, do not in state revenue.Keywords: shopping preference, consignment, tax exemption, difference test ABSTRAK:Perubahan kebijakan batas pembebasan terhadap bea masuk dan pajak atas impor barang kiriman diuji apakah merubah preferensi konsumen dalam berbelanja barang yang dikirim langsung dari luar negeri melalui mekanisme impor barang kiriman. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif melalui uji berpasangan dengan hipotesis awal tidak adanya perbedaan nilai rerata impor harian baik sebelum maupun setelah kebijakan berlaku. Data penelitian hanya kantor-kantor Bea Cukai yang memiliki pelayanan atas barang kiriman (32 kantor) pada 1 Oktober 2019 sampai dengan 2 Maret 2020. Hasil statistik deskriptif menunjukkan bahwa rerata harian impor sebelum kebijakan tersebut berlaku sebesar USD135.065, kemudian turun menjadi USD127.430. Berdasarkan pengujian, baik pada Paired Sampel T Test maupun pada Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test diperoleh nilai p sebesar 0.000 (hipotesis awal ditolak). Hal ini berarti penerapan kebijakan tersebut telah merubah preferensi belanja dari luar negeri melalui impor barang kiriman. Tujuan Pemerintah untuk mengurangi defisit neraca perdagangan dan melindungi usaha dalam negeri tampaknya berhasil, namun apabila belum tersedia barang subtitusi di dalam negeri, importasi tersebut hanya akan berpindah dari impor barang kiriman menjadi impor umum. Keterbaruan pada penelitian ini adalah variabel bea masuk pada preferensi belanja belum banyak digunakan. Keterbatasan penelitian ini hanya mengukur perubahan preferensi belanja, tidak mengukur perubahan penerimaan negara.Kata Kunci: preferensi belanja, impor barang kiriman, pembebasan pajak, uji beda
ANALYSIS CUSTOMS MARITIME SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM BASED ON MOVEMENT PHENOMENON AND CHARACTERISTIC OF NARCOTICS, PRECURSORS AND PSYCHOTROPICS (NPP) SMUGGLINGS
Authors: Budilaksono Agung
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT: The objective of this paper is to analyses how to reduce smuggling illegal goods amid the high flow of Indonesian sea traffic, analyze effective sea action measures through observing the phenomenon of NPP smuggling movements, and analyze the design of supporting facilities and human resources that can carry out the functions of ocean surveillance effectively. The type of this research is applied research with the analysis unit is Customs Maritime Surveillance System. The method of analysis used is Stufflebeam CIPP Evaluation Model. Source of data come from document studies of Directorate General Customs and Excise which written by people who have directly experienced an event or written based on reports/stories from other people in the period of 2015-2018. From the results of the research conducted obtained that generally customs surveillance system still needs revitalization related to field operation institution, infrastructure, tools, human resources, information system, budgeting, and operational planning.Keywords: Custom Maritime Surveillance System, Prohibited Drugs Smuggling ABSTRAK:Tujuan dari makalah ini adalah untuk menganalisis bagaimana mengurangi penyelundupan barang ilegal di tengah tingginya arus lalu lintas laut Indonesia, menganalisis tindakan pengawasan laut yang efektif dengan mengamati fenomena gerakan penyelundupan NPP, dan menganalisis desain fasilitas pendukung dan sumber daya manusia yang dapat membawa fungsi pengawasan laut yang efektif. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian terapan dengan unit analisis adalah Sistem Pengawasan Maritim Bea Cukai. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah Model Evaluasi CIPP Stufflebeam. Sumber data berasal dari studi dokumen Direktorat Jenderal Bea dan Cukai yang ditulis oleh orang-orang yang secara langsung mengalami suatu peristiwa atau yang ditulis berdasarkan laporan/cerita dari orang lain pada periode 2015-2018. Dari hasil penelitian yang dilakukan diperoleh bahwa secara umum sistem pengawasan pabean masih memerlukan revitalisasi terkait dengan unit pelaksana operasi lapangan, infrastruktur, fasilitas dan peralatan pengawasan laut, sumber daya manusia pendukung, sistem informasi dan komunikasi, penganggaran, dan perencanaan operasionalKata kunci: Sistem Pengawasan Maritim Bea Cukai, Penyelundupan Obat Terlarang
Perangkat Sumber Daya Manusia (Brainware)
Authors: mtholibfm
Published: July 2020

pengertian brainware adalah orang yang menggunakan atau menjalankan perangkat komputer. Dengan kata lain, brainware adalah manusia yang memiliki kemampuan dalam menggunakan komputer. Brainware sering juga disebut sebagai perangkat intelektual yang menggunakan perangkat keras (perangkat keras) atau perangkat lunak. Dalam sistem komputer, brainware menjadi hal yang sangat penting dan tidak dapat diandalkan dari perangkat keras dan perangkat lunak
Perangkat Sumber Daya Manusia (Brainware)
Authors: Saragih Hanny Puput Eliyarista
Published: July 2020

pengertian brainware adalah orang yang menggunakan atau menjalankan perangkat komputer. Dengan kata lain, brainware adalah manusia yang memiliki kemampuan dalam menggunakan komputer. Brainware sering juga disebut sebagai perangkat intelektual yang menggunakan perangkat keras (perangkat keras) atau perangkat lunak. Dalam sistem komputer, brainware menjadi hal yang sangat penting dan tidak dapat diandalkan dari perangkat keras dan perangkat lunak
Perangkat sumber daya manusia
Authors: Irfansyah Fahriza
Published: July 2020

Perangkat sumber daya manusia menjadi bagian terpenting dalam menjalankan atau mengoperasikan sebuah perangkat komputer. Manusia merupakan suatu elemen dari sistem komputer yang merancang bagaimana suatu mesin dapat bekerja sesuai dengan hasil yang diinginkan. Istilah yang digunakan untuk manusia yang berhubungan dengan komputer adalah Brainware. Brainware adalah semua personil atau tenaga kerja di bidang komputer, yakni yang terlibat dalam kegiatan pembentukan sistem komputerisasi maupun yang menangani dan mengawasi langsung bagian pengolahan data berbantuan komputer. Brainware terdiri dari Programer, Sistem Analis, Administrator, Teknisi Hardware, Teknisi Jaringan dan Web Master. Human resource devices become the most important part in running or operating a computer device. Humans are an element of a computer system that designs how a machine can work in accordance with the desired results. The term used for humans related to computers is Brainware. Brainware is all personnel or workers in the computer field, that is, those involved in the formation of computerized systems as well as those who handle and directly supervise computer-aided data processing. Brainware consists of Programmers, Systems Analysts, Administrators, Hardware Technicians, Network Technicians and Web Masters.
Physical exercise increases perceived musical pleasure: Modulatory roles of arousal, mood, or dopamine?
Authors: Hove Michael J , Martinez Steven A. , Shorrock Samantha R.
Published: July 2020

Music’s ability to influence exercise performance is well known, but the converse, how exercise influences music listening, remains largely unknown. Exercise can elevate arousal, mood, and neurotransmitters including dopamine, which are involved in musical pleasure. Here we examine how exercise influences music enjoyment, and test for a modulatory role of arousal, mood, and dopamine. Before and after exercise (12 min of vigorous running) and a rest control session, participants (n=20) listened to music clips and rated their enjoyment and subjective arousal; we also collected mood ratings and eye-blink rates, an established predictor of dopamine activity. Ratings of musical enjoyment increased significantly after running, but not after the rest control condition. While changes in subjective arousal ratings did not differ between run and rest days, change in subjective arousal correlated with change in music enjoyment. After running, the change in music enjoyment had a positive but non-significant correlation with change in eye- blink rates (r=.36). Positive mood increased more after exercise than after the rest control session, but the change in positive mood did not correlate with change in music enjoyment. In sum, exercise leads to increased musical pleasure, and this effect was related to changes in arousal.
JUSTFAIR: Judicial System Transparency through Federal Archive Inferred Records
Authors: Ciocanel Maria-Veronica , Topaz Chad M. , Santorella Rebecca , Sen Shilad , Smith Christian Michael , Hufstetler Adam
Published: July 2020

In the Unites States, the public has a constitutional right to access criminal trial proceedings. In practice, it can be difficult or impossible for the public to exercise this right. We present JUSTFAIR: Judicial System Transparency through Federal Archive Inferred Records, a database of criminal sentencing decisions made in federal district courts. We have compiled this data set from public sources including the United States Sentencing Commission, the Federal Judicial Center, the Public Access to Court Electronic Records system, and Wikipedia. With nearly 600,000 records from the years 2001 - 2018, JUSTFAIR is the first large scale, free, public database that links information about defendants and their demographic characteristics with information about their federal crimes, their sentences, and, crucially, the identity of the sentencing judge.
Displacement cascade evolution in tungsten with pre-existing helium and hydrogen clusters: a molecular dynamics study
Authors: Abu-Shams Mohammad , Moran Jeffery , Shabib Ishraq
Published: July 2020

The effects of radiation damage on bcc tungsten with preexisting helium and hydrogen clusters have been investigated in a high-energy environment via a comprehensive molecular dynamics simulation study. This research determines the interactions of displacement cascades with helium and hydrogen clusters integrated into a tungsten crystal generating point defect statistics. Helium or hydrogen clusters of atoms~0.1% of the total number of atoms have been randomly distributed within the simulation model and primary knock-on-atom (PKA) energies of 2.5, 5, 7.5 and 10 keV have been used to generate displacement cascades. The simulations quantify the extent of radiation damage during a simulated irradiation cycle using the Wigner-Seitz point defect identification technique. The generated point defects in crystals with and without pre-existing helium/hydrogen defects exhibit a power relationship with applied PKA energy. The point defects are classified by their atom type, defect type, and distribution within the irradiated model. The presence of pre-existing helium and hydrogen clusters significantly increases the defects (5 - 15 times versus pure tungsten models). The vacancy composition is primarily tungsten (e. g., ~70% at 2.5 keV) in models with pre-existing helium, but the interstitials are primarily He (e. g., ~89% at 10 keV). On the other hand, models with pre-existing hydrogen have a vacancy composition that is primarily tungsten (more than 90% irrespective of PKA energy), and the interstitial composition is more balanced between tungsten (average 46%) and hydrogen (average 54%) interstitials across the PKA range. The distribution of the atoms reveals that the tungsten point defects prefer to reside close to the position of cascade initiation, but helium or hydrogen defects reside close to the positions where clusters are built.
A vershangzás jellemzőinek automatikus feltárása József Attila verseiben
Authors: Horváth Péter
Published: July 2020

A tanulmány József Attila versei alapján mutatja be a vershangzáshoz kapcsolódó tulajdonságok automatikus feltárásának egy módszerét. A tanulmány első fele ismerteti a vershangzás jellemzőinek automatikus annotálására létrehozott hunpoem_analyzer-TEI program funkcióit, valamint az annotációs folyamat főbb lépéseit. A tanulmány második fele különböző, az elemzett korpuszból kinyert, a versek lexikai tulajdonságaihoz és a vershangzás jellemzőihez kapcsolódó gyakorisági listákat mutat be.
Main directions in modern research of interaction between climate and land use/land cover changes
Authors: Pysarenko L. A. , Krakovska S. V.
Published: July 2020

The purpose of the research is to analyse and assess existing approaches in investigation of interconnections between climate and underlying surface. Land use/land cover (LULC) influences climate formation via physical and chemical properties (albedo, roughness, height, chemical composition etc.). Climate in its turn affects land cover by means of meteorological parameters (air temperature and humidity, precipitation, wind etc.) and causes both cyclic and irreversible changes in land cover. In addition, anthropogenic factors exacerbate surface-climate interactions through? for example, LULC change that usually causes an additional release of chemical compounds. The paper distinguishes three main directions of the “climate - LULC” interactions research that is conducted mainly with application of satellite monitoring products, observation dataset, geographic information systems (GIS) and numerical modelling. The first direction implies monitoring and research of cyclic changes and transformation of LULC influenced by natural and anthropogenic factors, using different GIS-based satellite and surface meteorological observation databases. Despite significant technical progress and great amount of studies conducted for detecting dynamics of LULC change for different time intervals, the problems of dealing with cloudiness and shadows from orographic and other objects still remain. The second direction investigates the influence of LULC change on the chemical composition in the atmospheric boundary layer and on the regional climate. Numerous researches were dedicated to the influence of different kinds of surface such as forests, grasslands, croplands, urban areas etc. on climate characteristics and also on fluxes, for example, CO2. The effect of midlatitude forests on climate remains to be one of the challenging and urgent issues. The third direction relates to LULC change modelling and regional climate modelling. For the last decade a spatial resolution of models was considerably increased and, as a result, representation of interaction between atmosphere and land improved. Online integrated numerical atmospheric models are found as the most promising ones. They include "meteorological parameters – atmospheric chemical composition" feedbacks and can consider LULC on global and regional scales. However, some issues still need improvement, namely radiative transfer, cloud microphysics, cloud-aerosol-precipitation interactions, as well as parametrizations of some types of land and their interaction with the atmospheric boundary layer.
Editorial
Authors: Gagnon Jean-Paul
Published: July 2020

This thirteenth issue of the journal (Volume 7, Issue 1, July 2020) begins with Roberto Frega’s (CNRS) article “Against Analogy: Why Analogical Arguments in Support of Workplace Democracy Must Necessarily Fail”. Frega invites democratic and political theorists committed to the democratization of the workplace to ground themselves in specifics. Instead of working through metaphor and analogy which risks treating workplaces or firms as more or less the same, Frega argues we should first take issue with the question of which workplace or firm and thereafter work through the problem of how it can democratize. Analogies, Frega convincingly shows, simply do not have this productive capacity.
Globalizing the Intellectual History of Democracy
Authors: Moyn Samuel , Gagnon Jean-Paul
Published: July 2020

Samuel Moyn provides insight into how the history of democracy can continue its globalization. There is a growing belief that the currently acceptable fund of ideas has not served the recent past well which is why an expansion, a planetary one, of democracy’s ideas is necessary – especially now as we move deeper into the shadow of declining American/Western imperialism and ideology. Deciding which of democracy’s intellectual traditions to privilege is driven by a mix of forced necessity and choice: finding salient ground for democracy is likely only possible in poisoned traditions including European ones.
Percepción de actores locales sobre implicancias de la focalización en el Valle del Mantaro
Authors: Chanca Flores Aparicio
Published: July 2020

El Sistema de Focalización de Hogares (SISFOH) es un proceso de determinación de la clasificación socioeconómica (CSE) que certifica a las personas y grupos poblacionales vulnerables, sumidos en la pobreza o extrema pobreza, ante los programas sociales y subsidios del Estado. El objetivo de esta investigación es mostrar la percepción que tienen los actores locales sobre las implicancias de la focalización en el Valle del Mantaro. Es de tipo básico y de nivel descriptivo, tiene como unidades de análisis a pobladores no beneficiarios de ocho distritos que forman parte de las cuatro provincias del Valle del Mantaro, escenario en donde se aplicó 384 cuestionarios basados en una escala de Likert, a personas mayores de 15 años. El análisis de datos se realizó en el software SPSS 25.0, obteniéndose como resultado que los actores locales, en su mayoría, tienen una percepción negativa sobre el SISFOH, porque observan ciertas limitaciones de inclusión y exclusión en el registro y certificación.
Petrographic structures and Hardy – Weinberg equilibrium
Authors: VOYTEKHOVSKY Yury , ZAKHAROVA Alena
Published: July 2020

The article is devoted to the most narrative side of modern petrography – the definition, classification and nomenclature of petrographic structures. We suggest a mathematical formalism using the theory of quadratic forms (with a promising extension to algebraic forms of the third and fourth orders) and statistics of binary (ternary and quaternary, respectively) intergranular contacts in a polymineralic rock. It allows constructing a complete classification of petrographic structures with boundaries corresponding to Hardy – Weinberg equilibria. The algebraic expression of the petrographic structure is the canonical diagonal form of the symmetric probability matrix of binary intergranular contacts in the rock. Each petrographic structure is uniquely associated with a structural indicatrix – the central quadratic surface in n-dimensional space, where n is the number of minerals composing the rock. Structural indicatrix is an analogue of the conoscopic figure used for optical recognition of minerals. We show that the continuity of changes in the organization of rocks (i.e., the probabilities of various intergranular contacts) does not contradict a dramatic change in the structure of the rocks, neighboring within the classification. This solved the problem, which seemed insoluble to A.Harker and E.S.Fedorov. The technique was used to describe the granite structures of the Salminsky pluton (Karelia) and the Akzhailau massif (Kazakhstan) and is potentially applicable for the monotonous strata differentiation, section correlation, or wherever an unambiguous, reproducible determination of petrographic structures is needed. An important promising task of the method is to extract rocks' genetic information from the obtained data.
Research of lithium sorption by KU-2-8 cation exchanger from model solutions simulating geothermal fluids in the dynamic mode
Authors: Belova Tatiana , RATCHINA Tatiana
Published: July 2020

The extraction of chemical compounds from hydromineral raw materials is currently a promising objective. The geothermal deposits in the Kamchatka Territory should be considered as possible sources of lithium, boron and other chemical compounds. Their economic efficiency is justified by the complexity of the use of resources of geothermal fluids. The article presents data obtained as a result of experimental studies of lithium sorption by KU-2-8 cation exchanger from model solutions that simulate geothermal fluids in the dynamic mode. It was shown that in the first phase of sorption, ion exchange results in the absorption of lithium and sodium ions by the hydrogen form of cation exchanger up to the degree of cation exchanger saturation by 78 %. After that, the displacement of lithium ions by sodium ions is observed. The intermediate solutions were obtained in which the molar ratio of Li/Na is 80 times higher than in the initial solution. To separate sodium and lithium, it is proposed to use the lithium form of cation exchanger obtained using a portion of lithium chloride concentrate. The separation occurs due to the displacement of lithium ions by sodium ions. The effluent has a molar ratio of Li/Na = 10.4. The regeneration is carried out with 1 n hydrochloric acid, while the concentration coefficient of sodium chloride equals three.
Effective capacity building by empowerment teaching in the field of occupational safety and health management in mining
Authors: KRETSCHMANN Jurgen , PLIEN Marcus , NGUYEN Thi Hoai Nga , RUDAKOV Marat
Published: July 2020

The paper is dealing with a developed concept named Empowerment Teaching, which is based on practical teaching experience gained in various mining universities. It is demonstrated that this concept can be used to increase the effectiveness of knowledge transfer to mining countries in the world, as well as to overcome cultural barriers between lecturers and their students. The two models of participatory training, which are proposed to be named “physical” and “emotional” models, are portrayed. The authors are convinced that participatory training methods can be an ideal answer to a challenge associated with workers’ competencies in mining, namely – the potential of highly motivated and well-educated young academics is often diminished by a lack of ability to apply their knowledge. A special emphasis is made on the possible application of empowerment teaching for educational and training activities in the field of occupational safety and health (OSH), which is a matter of utmost importance for the mining industry. Several benchmarking initiatives in the field of OSH (“safety culture”, zero-accident vision) are underlined to be encouraged and promoted by means of new teaching methods. The examples of successful international cooperation among universities are given, as well.
KAFĀ’AH IN THE AHMADIYYA MARRIAGE: HOMOGAMOUS- HETEROGAMY AND SECT PRESERVATION
Authors: Hasan Ikhwan Fuad , Santoso Lukman
Published: July 2020

Ahmadiyya has a different concept of kafā’ah in marriage compared to several Muslims communities. The majority of Muslim scholars agree the main factor of kafā’ah in marriage is religiosity which is interpreted as theistic and moral, but Ahmadiyya interprets it as religious commonality. As a result, an Ahmadi woman is forbidden to marry a non-Ahmadi man. Meanwhile, an Ahmadi man is allowed to marry a non-Ahmadi woman, even a non-Muslim woman. Any adherent who violates the provision will be removed from the sect as an organizational sanction. Related to the facts, this paper aims to discuss the motivation, strategy, and goal of the provision. It uses a descriptive-analytic approach to analyze kafā’ah provision in Ahmadiyya literature with homogamy and heterogamy concepts. The results of this study show that the provision is motivated by historical and social factors, such as group discrimination, operational prohibitions, physical and non-physical violence. In addition, Ahmadiyya implements a homogamous-heterogamy concept in the provision as a strategy to preserve its teachings and resist its adherents from other religious affiliations. The provision has been preserving the existence of Ahmadiyya from its establishment to the present.

Keywords: Ahmdiyya, Kafā’ah, Homogamy, Heterogamy
Evaluasi Rancang Bangun Terkait Pengadaan Fasilitas Sosial pada Rumah Susun Nagrak 1-5, Jakarta Utara
Authors: Sunoto Asri Ardiati
Published: July 2020

Untuk mendukung pembangunan perumahan bagi masyarakat golongan ekonomi menengah ke bawah dan penataan kawasan kumuh, Pemerintah Provinsi DKI Jakarta membangun Rumah Susun Nagrak 1-5, yang berlokasi di Jakarta Utara. Dalam penelitian ini diadakan evaluasi rancang bangun terhadap Rumah Susun Nagrak 1-5 tersebut terkait pengadaan fasilitas sosial. Indikator yang digunakan sebagai acuan evaluasi adalah Peraturan DKI Jakarta Nomor 6 Tahun 1999 Tentang Rencana Tata Ruang Wilayah DKI Jakarta (Tabel 6. Standard Kebutuhan Fasum/Fasos). Selain itu indikator lain yang digunakan adalah kriteria rancangan fasilitas umum dan sosial berdasarkan karakteristik pengguna (Widhianto, 2016). Berdasarkan penelitian ini ditemukan beberapa ketidaksesuaian jenis dan luas dari fasilitas sosial yang ada serta ketidaksesuaian kondisi fasilitas sosial dengan acuan kriteria rancangan yang berdasarkan karakteristik penggunanya. Hal ini disebabkan proses pembangunan rumah susun tersebut design and build dimana banyak stake holders di luar perencana ikut serta dalam proses perancangan, akibatnya beberapa ketentuan terkait fasilitas sosial dilanggar. Namun berdasarkan proses design and build pula ditemukan adanya beberapa jenis fasilitas sosial yang lebih dibutuhkan (di luar standard yang telah ditetapkan) serta beberapa kriteria rancangan fasilitas sosial yang perlu ditinjau ulang untuk diterapkan dalam lingkungan rumah susun.
Sambungan Kayu pada Selubung Fasad Rumah Vernakular sebagai Kajian Pembelajaran Dasar Struktur dalam Arsitektur
Authors: Ramawangsa Panji Anom , Prihatiningrum Atik
Published: July 2020

Arsitektur vernakular adalah perwujudan yang terbentuk dari nilai budaya, klimatologi dan tertuang dalam wujud fisik arsitektural. Kawasan Desa Gunung Alam merupakan salah satu area yang memiliki rumah hunian vernakular yang masih bertahan eksistensinya hingga sekarang. Selubung fasad merupakan menelaah bagian terluar bangunan yang dikaji melalui sambungan konstruksi struktur, dalam kasus ini adalah sambungan bahan material alami pada bangunan. Pembelajaran matakuliah Dasar Struktur Dalam Arsitektur memiliki capaian dalam penggunaan  jenis struktur sederhana pada bangunan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menjadikan bangunan vernakular sebagai studi preseden yang baik dalam memberikan kontribusi kepada pembelajaran matakuliah Dasar Struktur Dalam Arsitektur dalam hal menelaah rangkaian selubung fasad rumah vernakular untuk dijadikan bahan pembelajaran  struktur sederhana di era pembangunan yang modern sekarang ini. Metode penelitian menggunakan observasi langsung di lapangan dengan mengumpulkan data terukur dan data dokumentasi untuk di tuang dalam model 3d. Hasil yang di dapat adalah, terdapat beberapa sambungan konstruksi yang dibuat secara buatan pada dinding fasad yang menjadi pengetahuan baru dalam keberlanjutan pembelajaran di dunia arsitektur ke depannya.
Kemampuan mahasiswa dalam mengembangkan alat permainan edukatif berbasis perkembangan anak: Peran kelompok belajar APE
Authors: Syarfina Syarfina
Published: July 2020

Early childhood educators are not only expected to be professional in teaching but also in developing educational toys (ET). As a prospective Early Childhood Education (ECE) teacher, students who are taking lectures in the ECE program should have an early opportunity to increase their potential in developing ET. However, the ability of students to develop ET is still limited, and the design does not cover the entire content of child development. This study aims to recognize to what extent students' ability of Early Childhood Islamic Education programs can improve in developing educational toys based on all aspects of child development through participating in a study group. This research is a qualitative approach with 25 participants of the study group Data collection is conducted by observation, documentation, and interviews. The results showed that; (1) the ability of students in developing ET has emphasized all aspects of child development, (2) APE study groups can improve students' abilities and motivation in developing ET. The effectiveness of ET, which has been become products, can be identified in further research
IFN-Gamma and IL-2 Secretion after ESAT-6-CFP-10 (EC-610) Fusion Antigen Stimulation from Patients with Active Lung Tuberculosis and Latent Lung Tuberculosis
Authors: Darwin Bastian , Kurniati Nova , Rahadiyanto Kemas Ya'kub , Saleh Mgs Irsan , Tanoehardjo Francisca Srioetami , Nugraha Jusak , Salim Eddy Mart
Published: July 2020

The Secretion of IFN-Gamma and IL-2 After ESAT-6-CFP-10 Fusion Antigen Stimulation in Active and Latent TB Patients. This study held to discover how immune responses work and to know the pathogenesis of active TB and latent TB patients. This study used PBMC to stimulate T Cells with ESAT-6 and CFP-10 antigen fusion, and measure the level of IFN-gamma and IL-2 with ELISA antibody sandwich (U-Cytech). 16 ml of blood were drawn to 5 tubes. ESAT-6 CFP-20 inducted one tube with QuantiFERON for IFN-gamma assay. The other four tubes were PBMC isolated using Ficoll-Paque, and pre-incubated with stimulation of ESAT-6 CFP-10 fusion antigen for 24-72 hours at 370 C and measured using T-Spot and ELISA reader. We got from this study that there are no significant differences in IFN-gamma levels for both groups with active TB and latent TB. Measurement of IL-2 levels showed significant differences between the two group.
Las Asambleas de Primavera del FMI, de abril de 2020
Authors: Relaciones con el FMI y el G20 Subdirección General de
Published: July 2020

Las pasadas Asambleas de Primavera del FMI de abril de 2020 han sido las primeras en formato virtual, como lo ha sido la habitual reunión paralela de ministros de Finanzas y gobernadores de bancos centrales del G20. Este cambio de formato ha sido consecuencia de la COVID-19, la cual además ha marcado completamente las discusiones. En concreto, se ha discutido sobre cómo abordar de forma coordinada el impacto económico y financiero de la pandemia, con especial énfasis en cómo garantizar la prestación de asistencia financiera de emergencia a los países de renta baja, diferencialmente vulnerables a las consecuencias económicas de la COVID-19. Así, en las Asambleas la Directora Gerente Kristalina Georgieva ha lanzado una campaña de recaudación de fondos entre los Estados miembros para la financiación de asistencia concesional y la condonación de deuda con el FMI, mientras que en la videoconferencia del G20 se ha aprobado un Plan de Acción con una serie de acciones para hacer frente al impacto de la pandemia así como una iniciativa para la suspensión del servicio de la deuda para los países más pobres.
Hubungan Pola Asuh Orangtua terhadap Kejadian Obesitas pada Anak Usia Sekolah
Authors: Triana Komang Yogi , Lestari Ni Made Pande Lilik , Anjani Ni Made Ririn , Yudiutami Ni Putu Pristha Dewi
Published: July 2020

Obesity had known as a condition of excessive levels of fat in a person's body which is can result in the emergence of chronic diseases. Currently the problem of obesity has been experienced by many children. One of the main actions to deal with obesity on childhood is through the closest person, they were the family. This study aimed to determine the relationship of parenting style applied by parents to the incidence of children obesity that occurs in the elementary school of Badung Regency, Bali Province. The research method in this research was crossectional study with a total sampling technique. This research was conducted at two elementary school in Badung Regency involving 96 students from grades 5 and 6. The analysis of this study used the Chi Square test which shows the results of p value = 0.03 <α. It means that there was a significant relationship between parenting style to the incidence of obesity in school-age children in the Badung regency. Thus, parents are expected to be able to apply good parenting style by not being too permissive or forcing children in order to build the character of children and support proper nutritional status according to the child's age.
سلطات مجلس الأمن تجاه المحكمة الدولية الجنائية
Authors: Saleh Mohammed Abd Alghafoor , Mohammed Yahya Salih
Published: July 2020

The Security Council is one of the main organs of the United Nations, and according to its convention, this organ has been authorized with many main tasks, so as to maintain peace and international security, out of which the establishment of International Private Courts or what is called Temporary Courts to prosecute those accused of committing international crimes. With the absence of international judiciary at that time, and after the establishment of the International Criminal Court, the relationship between the two was under consideration, especially with regard to the role of the Security Council and its authority in the referral of international crimes to the Criminal Courts and the extent to which this condition is mandatory, where a lot of discussion were held among the delegations participating in the Rome Conference that established the International Criminal Courts system in 1998, in supporting the inclusion of the role of a political organ represented by the Security Council in the procedures of an international judicial organ represented by the International Criminal Court, where the court is supposed to be independent in doing its judicial function away from politicization. The study aims to clarify the relationship between these two organs and the extent of the obligation to refer crimes by the Security Counsel to the International Criminal Court. The methodology used in this research are descriptive analysis to extrapolate the texts and legal materials related to the subject of the research, and analyse all that in order to reach results of the research. The results of the study showed that the Security Council - based on chapter VII of the convention- consists of many deterrent sanctions, starting with economic sanctions and ending with military deterrence. Although, the separation between them achieves the independence of the international judiciary and ensures that no foreign political group interferes or controls the court, which is intended to be independent and free to ensure the application of the international law.