bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Performers First: Gift Exchange and Digital Access to Live Folk Music Archives
Authors: Conway Paul , Markum Robert B.
Published: December 2019

Archives commonly hold full, unedited, and unpublished recordings of live musical performances, particularly those archives that focus their collecting on local communities. Much of this content resides on deteriorating magnetic tape with highly restrictive intellectual property constraints that threaten its digital future. This article explores a possible resolution of this dilemma of preservation and access by giving preference to the perspectives and prerogatives of the musical artists represented on live folk music recordings. The article characterizes The Ark in Ann Arbor and the at-risk recordings made at this nationally recognized coffeehouse between 1969 and 1980 in the context of the late-era folk revival scene in the United States and the challenges that copyright restrictions pose for making digitized copies available to contemporary audiences. The authors present and discuss the findings of innovative memory triggering interviews with folk music performers that point toward a way to extend into the realm of digital surrogates a philosophy of the gift exchange cycle. The article argues that archives could embrace asynchronous digital streaming as an extension of the well-established folk process that is so central to the intimacy of the coffeehouse and sidestep if not completely mitigate the barriers imposed by today's intellectual property framework.
Play and Learning Activity: Borderline Conflicts
Authors: Zuckerman G.A. , Obukhova O.L. , Shibanova N.A.
Published: December 2019

Illegal invasion of schooling into the preschool education can be peacefully suspended by developing the conceptual play based on narratives, in which special characters are acting. These characters of conceptual play are of the dual nature: while they reason and act as concepts that come alive, they feel and communicate as humans in flesh and blood. In the elementary school, the development of students’ learning activity employs the conceptual plays as a successful conduit for introducing concepts, which cannot be constructed through hand-on activities. In the preschool, the conceptual play opens the way to coach knowledge and skills traditionally associated with schooling. By teaching preschoolers with the help of the conceptual plays, adults get the opportunity to design the learning content that combines affect and intelligence, lays the foundation for operating with schemes, and most importantly, promotes children's initiative in intellectual pursuits and expands its scope. The outlines of conceptual play are exemplified by episodes of teaching literacy in the first grade with the ABC textbook by D.B. Elkonin.
Financial sector development convergence in Africa: Evidence from bank- and market-based measures
Authors: Sare Yakubu Awudu , Opoku Eric Evans Osei , Ibrahim Muazu , Koomson Isaac
Published: December 2019

In this paper, we employ data from 46 African countries over the period 1980–2014 to examine financial sector development convergence, using bank- and market-based measures of financial development. Within the framework of the generalized method of moments (GMM), we present evidence that both the bank– and market–based financial sector development in Africa diverge over time. However, we find strong evidence of financial development divergence when using bank-based financial sector development indicators whereas this evidence is weaker for market-based indicators. Given the divergence in the level of finance, the gap between countries with underdeveloped and well–developed financial markets will continue to widen as financially less developed countries do not appear to catch-up with the financially more developed economies.  Keywords: Financial development; divergence, convergence, AfricaJEL Classification: F15, F36, G01, O55
Clinical profile and management of pyogenic liver abscesses in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Gupta Shyam K. , Rasool Ashufta , Hela Aamir H. , Goel Rohit , Hussain Zahur
Published: December 2019

Background: Pyogenic Liver abscesses are potentially life threatening if left untreated. They pose a major Diagnostic and therapeutic challenge to modern world. Interventional radiology is becoming standard of care for liver Abscesses.Methods: All patients of pyogenic liver abscess admitted to Government Medical College and hospital Jammu, J and K, India from October 2018 to November 2019 were prospectively studied. Demographics, presentation, lab reports and management strategies were evaluated.Results: Total of 60 patients of pyogenic liver abscesses were studied with 81.7% males. Alcohol was found to be most common risk factor with 55% of patients being alcoholic. Right lobe of liver was involved in 66.7% of patients. Segment VI and VII were involved in 50% of patients. The most common clinical symptom was right upper quadrant pain (98.3%), followed by fever (91.7%). The most common clinical sign was right upper quadrant tenderness (91.7%). Percutaneous drainage with catheter placement was the most common and successful modality of management associated with least hospital stay.Conclusions: Pyogenic liver abscess is a rare but serious problem. Early diagnosis and treatment are necessary to avoid mortality. Percutaneous drainage along with I.V antibiotics is the best form of management.
Prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its different components in patients with acute coronary syndrome
Authors: Jain Gaurav , More Balaji D.
Published: December 2019

Background: Several components of the Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) are risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. So, this study was conducted to evaluate the prevalence of MetS and its components in patients with CAD.Methods: Author included all patients admitted with Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS), who had CAD confirmed by coronary angiography. They were divided into two groups according to presence or absence of MetS based on International Diabetes Federation criteria. The prevalence of MetS and its individual components was estimated.Results: It was observed that there is a high prevalence of MetS (66%) in patients admitted with ACS. Metabolic syndrome is more prevalent in female patients (82.4%) than in male patients (57.6%) with ACS. Hypertension is the most prevalent (87.9) component of MetS. Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is the 2nd most prevalent (83.3%) component of MetS. About 65.2% patients with MetS had abnormally raised triglyceride levels and 32(48.5%) had abnormally low HDL-cholesterol level.  Among the MetS 38(57.6%) had abnormal waist circumference.  Among the study group, the most common triad of MetS components was DM + HTN + abnormal TG. There is significant association between MetS and microalbuminuria, with incidence of 22(33.3%) in this study. Similarly, a significant association between DM and microalbuminuria, 23(33.8%) was observed.Conclusions: This study confirms a very high prevalence of MetS in Indian patients with CAD. The prevalence of the risk factors was higher in CAD patients with MetS.
Relações de Amizade entre Idosos em Instituições de Longa Permanência
Authors: Rayol Breno Pinto , Cruz Edson Junior Silva da , Neto Manoel De Christo Alves , Pedroso Janari Da Silva
Published: December 2019

Este estudo teve como objetivo investigar as relações de amizade entre idosos que se encontram em instituições de longa permanência. Tratou-se um de um estudo qualitativo, que utilizou o método do estudo de casos múltiplos na perspectiva de Yin e os dados foram alicerçados com base na análise do conteúdo de Bardin. A pesquisa teve como participantes três idosos que se encontravam na instituição, com idade entre 60 a 72 anos e estavam no local há pelo menos seis meses. Os instrumentos utilizados foram: entrevista semiestruturada, análise dos prontuários e diário de campo. Os resultados indicaram que esses idosos têm amizades mais com os técnicos da instituição do que entre eles e apresentaram uma percepção de amizade ideal, mas a amizade real foi construída e mantida de outra maneira. Dessa forma, os achados apontaram a necessidade da instituição como um todo realizar mais atividades e projetos para que a interação entre os idosos seja mais estimulada e assim construir relações de amizade mais positiva.
Efeitos no Desempenho Institucional em IES Brasileiras a partir da Adaptação Estratégica
Authors: Soares Thiago Coelho , Lima Maurício Andrade de , Mazon Gisele , Scafuto Isabel Cristina , Agostineto Raquel Crestani
Published: December 2019

O objetivo do artigo é analisar o desempenho das IES a partir da comparação dos períodos de tempo, das regiões das IES e da formação do reitor. Para tal, foram testadas três hipóteses, H1 - existe diferença estatística entre o desempenho das IES nos seis primeiros anos se comparados aos seis anos subsequentes; H2 - existe diferença estatística entre o desempenho das IES do sul e sudeste se comparados às demais regiões do Brasil; H3 - existe diferença estatística entre o desempenho das IES com reitores formados em Ciências Sociais Aplicadas se comparados às demais formações do Brasil. Com 24 universidades estudadas em doze anos e duas variáveis dependentes (IGC e CPC), chegou-se a contagem de 576 itens a serem analisados. Como resultado do estudo, rejeitou-se H1 e H3. Aceitou-se H2. Conclui-se, nesta pesquisa, que a adaptação estratégica das universidades brasileiras influencia o desempenho institucional.
Определение размера теневого сектора малого бизнеса на региональном уровне (на примере Забайкальского края)
Authors: Бочкарева Иннеса Владимировна
Published: December 2019

В статье предложен алгоритм расчета размера теневого сектора малого бизнеса региона, в качестве которого используется размер недополученного дохода (оборота) вследствие неэффективных условий ведения бизнеса для малых предприятий в регионе в сравнении с другими более эффективными регионами. Расчет произведён для малых предприятий Забайкальского края по статистическим данным 2015-2016 годов.
Undiagnosed Hypertension among Youth (18-24 years) Referred to the Nutrition Clinic in Ardabil City, North West of Iran, from 2016 to 2018
Authors: Ghannadiasl Fatemeh
Published: December 2019

Introduction: Blood pressure among youth is associated with increased risk of future cardiovascular disease occurrence. The studies done on hypertension prevalence among young population are still insufficient. The purpose of this study was to determine undiagnosed hypertension, based on the Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee (JNC7) on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation and Treatment of High Blood Pressure updated guidelines among the apparently healthy young group of Iranian population.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 901 volunteers, without previous hypertension history, in the age group of 18-24 years old (body mass index< 40 kg/m2) were assessed in Ardabil city from September 2016 to March 2008.They were apparently healthy youth and reported that their body weight had been stable for at least the last 3 months. Blood pressure was measured by standardized protocols based on American Heart Association guidelines, and the final value was obtained using the mean of the two careful readings of office blood pressure monitoring. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 21.0. One-way analysis of variance was applied to determine the differences among hypertension groups, and p values <0.05 were considered statistically significant.
Results: The mean of age, weight and body mass index was 19.48±1.64 (years), 60.54±11.45 (kg) and 21.39±3.17 (kg/m2), respectively. According to the JNC7 updated guidelines (2017), 17.4% subjects fell into elevated blood pressure whereas 2.1% and 1.7% into stage I and II hypertension category, respectively. Males were significantly more likely to have elevated blood pressure and stage I and stage II hypertension than females (p<0.001).
Conclusion: According to the JNC7 updated guidelines, there is a significant prevalence of undiagnosed elevated blood pressure and hypertension (21.1%) among Iranian youth population. These results emphasize the need for careful monitoring of the blood pressure even among apparently healthy young adults.
Predictors of Intention to Consume Genetically Modified Oil among Personnel of Community Health Care Centers in Yazd, Iran: An Application of the Theory of Planned Behavior
Authors: Abbasishavazi Masoumeh , Hajimohammadi Bahador , Hajebrahimi Zahra
Published: December 2019

Introduction: Genetically Modified (GM) food is a point of debate in the world. There have been few relevant studies in Iran, so this study aimed to predict the consumption of genetically modified oil by the staff of health centers based on the planned behavior theory.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 105 staff members of health care centers of Yazd in Iran completed a researcher-made questionnaire in 2012. The questionnaire validity and reliability were verified. The resulting data were analyzed via Pearson correlation coefficient and linear regression model. The data were analyzed using SPSS software and at the number below 0.05 regarded as significant.
Results: Attitudes and subjective norms had the strongest positive, significant correlations with consuming genetically modified oil (r=0.619, r=0.526, p<0.01) respectively. Predictors of consuming intent for genetically modified oil showed that 43.2% of the variance of intention was determined by the attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control.
Conclusion: Since the attitude was identified as the strongest predictor of consuming intention of genetically modified (GM) oil, studying the factors influencing the attitude toward GM food in different social levels of Iran is recommend. The results provide important evidence for supporting the use of this theory in predictions of food-related consumption behaviors, especially in the area of new food products.
THE NOUN6 “CENTURY” IN N. YAZYKOV'S POETIC WORLD
Authors: Gok Erdogan , Konstantinovna Lukoyanova Yulia , Nikolaevna Brenchugina-Romanova Anna
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Purposes: The article is devoted to the study of the semantics and the compatibility features of the temporal lexeme "century" in N. M. Yazykov's works, a poet of romanticism period, and A. Pushkin's contemporary.

Methodology: They determined the specificity of its functioning in the poet's work. The word "century" is used by N.M. Yazykov in the following meanings: ‘time, the period of time; modern poet’s society’, ‘long time’, ‘life expectancy of a person’, life, the period of someone’s existence’.

Results: In the first meaning, the word "century" is used both in the singular and in the plural form. Characterizing a certain period in the life of society, the word century, which is stylistically neutral, is able to appear in various phrases containing a qualitative assessment due to the events occurring during this period. Figurative uses are of interest: personifications, individual-author detailed metaphors, which include the noun "century".

Implications/Applications: A characteristic feature of the word "century" is its ability to appear in a broader sense "for a long time", in some contexts it approaches the semantics of ‘eternity’.

Novelty: Based on the analysis of the word "century" compatibility in the poetry by N.M. Yazykov, we can conclude that the poet was ironic about the orders that prevailed in his modern society. The study of the features of temporary lexeme use in poetic creativity allows us to determine the specifics of time perception by the poet, contributes to the study of N.M. Yazykov's linguistic picture of the world.

Implications/Applications: This article will help the student to promotability of giving a speech.

Novelty/Originality: At the same time, being a type of speech activity, foreign language communication in the process of training solves, in turn, educational and development tasks by means of a foreign language sign system, where the whole set of speech actions of the individual is actually present.
MEDIATION AS ALTERNATIVE DISPUTE RESOLUTION: LEGAL ANALYSIS, FOREIGN PRACTICE, AND PERSPECTIVES IN RUSSIA
Authors: A. Sungatullina Lilia , R. Izmailov Robert , V. Mikhaylov Andrey
Published: December 2019

Purposes: The article is devoted to the analysis of legal problems of mediation as an alternative way to resolve disputes. The article examines the Russian and foreign experience in the legal regulation of mediation.

Methodology: The use and adaptation of foreign experience in applying the mediation procedure are aimed at increasing the speed of dispute resolution, the level of confidentiality and the ability to maintain partnerships. The authors suggest ways to improve the effectiveness and applicability of this procedure in practice. According to Sungatullina L.A., it seems efficient and promising to use alternative methods for resolving disputes in general and to apply the mediation procedure in particular. Izmailov R.R. He believes that the experience of using mediation techniques has shown its effectiveness in resolving various categories of disputes: labor, family, corporate, business conflicts, as well as in the field of housing relations. Mikhailov A.V. notes that the effectiveness of the mediation process largely depends on the implementation at all stages of the basic principles.

Results: The authors conclude that it is advisable to apply mediation to disputes arising from administrative and other public relations. As one of the ways to improve the legislative regulation of mediation, it is proposed to consider the possibility of introducing a notarial certification of mediation agreements.

Implications/Applications: Alternative dispute resolution is a set of procedures that facilitate non-judicial dispute resolution. In English practice, it is indicated by the steady turnover of Alternative dispute resolution (hereinafter - ADR). Different non-judicial forms of resolution of a case are referred to ADR in different countries. As a rule, three well-known forms are called: arbitration, mediation, and negotiations.

Novelty/Originality: The novelty of this study in classifying the mediation techniques.
PREVENÇÃO DA DENGUE: EFEITOS DE PROPAGANDAS E DE UM JOGO DE TABULEIRO
Authors: Carneiro Luciano , Haydu Verônica Bender , Borloti Elizeu Batista , De Souza Silvia Regina
Published: December 2019

Jogos e anúncios são recursos que facilitam o ensino de uma variedade de comportamentos relevantes. Considerando o problema que o Brasil enfrenta com a dengue, este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar os efeitos de propagandas patrocinadas pelo governo e do jogo de tabuleiro “Nossa Turma Contra a Dengue” na promoção de comportamentos de crianças de relatar regras de prevenção à Dengue e também em comportamentos correspondentes a essas regras. Foram formados três grupos de estudantes com 8 a 9 anos: Grupo Jogo (participou de rodadas do jogo “Nossa Turma Contra a Dengue”), Grupo Propagandas (assistiu anúncios governamentais sobre prevenção de dengue) e Grupo Controle. Antes e após as intervenções, o Questionário Dengue avaliou o comportamento verbal sobre os comportamentos de prevenção da dengue e uma Atividade Prática Avaliativa o comportamento não verbal. Com base nos resultados obtidos, foi possível verificar que todos os participantes dos Grupos Jogo e do Grupo Propaganda aumentaram ou mantiveram (acima de 80% de acertos) a pontuação no questionário e, com exceção de um participante do Grupo de Propaganda e um do Grupo Controle, todos os demais aumentaram a pontuação na Atividade Prática Avaliativa. Ambos os recursos, jogo e propagandas, podem ser úteis na promoção de comportamentos verbais e não verbais de prevenção à Dengue. No entanto, precisam ser melhorados, em relação à descrição clara das contingências de prevenção da doença e de aspectos que aumentem a atenção das crianças às regras apresentadas.Palavras-chave: jogo educativo, campanhas publicitárias, comportamento governado por regras, comportamento verbal, Análise Aplicada do Comportamento
El principio de autonomía e independencia. Consecuencias jurídicas y económicas derivadas de su aplicación en Costa Rica
Authors: Sánchez Boza Roxana
Published: December 2019

El Principio de autonomía y independencia de las cooperativas fue recuperado y analizado en 1995, cuando los analistas y estudiosos de la Alianza Cooperativa Internacional decidieron revisar nuevamente los Principios cooperativos, lo cual dio como resultado la incorporación de ese principio en la lista que circulaba hasta ese momento. Cada país tiene una forma diferente de asumir los conceptos de autonomía e independencia de los entes cooperativos, en Costa Rica existen múltiples manifestaciones de entes públicos que analizan su aplicación práctica y conforme las cooperativas han visto oportunidades de negocios, han ido dejando parte de su defensa por la autonomía de sus decisiones, con el fin de cumplir con el objeto social definido como la logro del bienestar económico y social de sus asociados y de la comunidad en que se desarrollan.Recibido: 01 junio 2019Aceptado: 01 octubre 2019Publicación en línea: 19 diciembre 2019
La trascendencia socio-jurídica del cooperativismo agropecuario en Cuba
Authors: González Gutiérrez Daliani Mileni
Published: December 2019

El movimiento cooperativo en Cuba, en los inicios se basaba en un fundamento mercantilista impulsado con el Código de Comercio, aunque encontró vestigios de su identidad en la Ley de Asociaciones de 1989. Durante la etapa neocolonial los impulsos del crecimiento de la cooperativa fueron mermados por la desidia y corrupción de sus gobernantes, por lo que en la etapa prerrevolucionaria la cooperativa no tuvo arraigo. Con el triunfo de la revolución se dictan varios cuerpos legales hasta la reciente promulgación del Decreto-Ley No. 365/2018 que analizados desde las variables concepto, constitución, socios y las relaciones cooperativas, órganos sociales, régimen económico, organización social y relaciones cooperativa-Estado, ofrece un paso de avance en la regulación jurídica y comprensión de la figura en el país.Recibido: 29 octubre 2019Aceptado: 21 noviembre 2019Publicación en línea: 20 diciembre 2019
Las Cooperativas No Agropecuarias en Cuba: su trascendencia socioeconómica y jurídica
Authors: Campos Pérez Yulier , García Pedraza Lienny , Martínez Massip Annia
Published: December 2019

El presente artículo se centra en el análisis de la trascendencia socio-económica y jurídica de las cooperativas no agropecuarias en Cuba. En el comienzo se examinan su definición, principios, así como los fines que debe cumplir. La investigación se centra en demostrar las huellas y desafíos socioeconómicos de la CNoA a 7 años de aprobado su marco jurídico. Dichas huellas impactan en el entorno individual, colectivo y social que rodea a la cooperativa. También se analizan los principales retos y oportunidades que estas producen sobre el ordenamiento jurídico cubano y los operadores del Derecho. Por último, se verifica el actual régimen jurídico cooperativo y sus principales desafíos.Recibido: 28 octubre 2019Aceptado: 19 noviembre 2019Publicación en línea: 20 diciembre 2019
Hacia la adopción de un tratado sobre empresas y derechos humanos: viejos debates, nuevas oportunidades
Authors: Iglesias Márquez Daniel
Published: December 2019

El progresivo desarrollo de la agenda internacional sobre empresas y derechos humanos generó las condiciones necesarias para que, en junio de 2014, el Consejo de Derechos Humanos de las Naciones Unidas decidiera establecer un Grupo de Trabajo Intergubernamental de composición abierta para elaborar un instrumento jurídicamente vinculante, con el fin de regular las actividades de las empresas transnacionales y otras empresas en el derecho internacional de los derechos humanos. El rápido avance de las negociaciones entre los diferentes actores de interés permitió que en junio de 2018 se presentara el Proyecto Cero del tratado sobre empresas y derechos humanos y, un año más tarde, una versión revisada del Proyecto. El presente artículo realiza un análisis crítico de los avances y retrocesos en el proceso de elaboración y de los elementos esenciales del futuro instrumento en la materia. Asimismo, reflexiona sobre el lugar que ocupa dicho instrumento en el derecho internacional contemporáneo.Recibido: 24 junio 2019Aceptado: 02 noviembre 2019Publicación en línea: 20 diciembre 2019
Del padre rey, al rey niño
Authors: Elzo Imaz Javier
Published: December 2019

El verano de 2018 varias investigaciones en el planeta mostraron la lacerante realidad de la extensión de la pederastia en el clero católico que, en su mayor parte, tuvo lugar muchas décadas atrás. Otras investigaciones concomitantes muestran que, en sectores intelectuales minoritarios pero relevantes, la lectura social de la consideración del niño como sujeto de derechos era muy diferente a la de nuestros tiempos. Entre los años 60 y 70 del siglo pasado hasta nuestros días, se ha vivido un choque entre dos paradigmas: uno menguante, el del padre, y otro creciente, el del niño. Hemos transitado del padre rey al niño rey. Este cambio, también se da en el modelo patriarcal católico, aunque no sea suficiente, en absoluto, para explicar la pederastia clerical.Recibido: 16 junio 2019Aceptado: 26 octubre 2019Publicación en línea: 20 diciembre 2019
Restrição de tratamento por planos de saúde e o papel da Agência Nacional de Saúde Suplementar: uma análise hermenêutica das decisões do Superior Tribunal de Justiça
Authors: Dias Eduardo Rocha , Norões Mariane Paiva
Published: December 2019

Este artigo objetiva analisar as decisões do Superior Tribunal Justiça (STJ) envolvendo restrição de tratamento por planos de saúde, a partir da teoria dos direitos fundamentais e da nova hermenêutica constitucional. A controvérsia está na interpretação-aplicação da regra que autoriza às operadoras de saúde a exclusão de determinados procedimentos e produtos da cobertura dos planos de saúde, frente à efetivação do direito fundamental à saúde dos consumidores. Verificou-se, pela amostragem realizada, que o STJ afastou a norma preexistente, sem, contudo declarar a sua inconstitucionalidade, interferindo, assim, na função primária do Poder Legislativo e na interpretação da norma pela agência reguladora.
Notas sobre a arquitetura principiológica humanista e social da Constituição da República de 1988 e a concretização dos direitos fundamentais no constitucionalismo contemporâneo: uma abordagem sob o prisma dos direitos individuais e sociais trabalhistas
Authors: Delgado Maurício Godinho , Alvarenga Rubia Zanotelli de , Guimarães Tâmara Matias
Published: December 2019

A evolução dos modelos de Estado foi marcada por fortes mudanças na relação existente entre Estado e sociedade. A constitucionalização de direitos de liberdade, a partir da criação do Estado de Direito, bem como a inovação na organização política, com a delimitação do poder estatal, marcaram o primeiro paradigma do constitucionalismo, deflagrado na Grã Bretanha na segunda metade do século XVII e, tempos depois, nos EUA e França, no final do século XVIII,  representando, até hoje, relevância na ordem constitucional. Todavia, questões histórico-políticas demonstraram a necessidade de se erigirem direitos sociais, os quais, por fim, deflagraram o marco do segundo paradigma do constitucionalismo – o Estado Social, a contar das Constituições da segunda década do século XX, do México (1917) e da Alemanha (1919). O Estado Democrático de Direito, por sua vez - terceiro paradigma do constitucionalismo, inaugurado pelas Constituições da Europa Ocidental aprovadas depois da Segunda Grande Guerra (França, Itália, Alemanha, Portugal e Espanha, especialmente) e incorporado pela Constituição do Brasil de 1988 -, manteve os avanços alcançados até então, com o diferencial de conferir normatividade aos princípios. Assim, verifica-se a importância dos princípios jurídicos na construção dos direitos fundamentais, bem como a importância dessa categoria de direitos individuais e sociais na manutenção e aperfeiçoamento do Estado Democrático de Direito. A concretização dos direitos fundamentais encontra diversos obstáculos que devem ser analisados a fim de se encontrarem soluções aptas a possibilitar a concretização do princípio da máxima efetividade das normas constitucionais e do mínimo existencial por meio da ponderação de princípios.
Constitucionalismo e literatura: José de Alencar e o tribunal do júri
Authors: Santos Júlio Edstron Secundino , Godoy Arnaldo Sampaio de Moraes
Published: December 2019

O ensaio analisa a colaboração do reconhecido escritor José de Alencar para a discussão dos problemas constitucionais brasileiros. Alencar criticava a forma como o júri era tratado pela legislação que, a seu ver, afastava-se do comando constitucional. O ensaio sustenta que Alencar defendia o tribunal do júri também para matérias cíveis. Equiparava o júri ao direito de voto. Nesse sentido, o júri seria, para Alencar, legítima manifestação de soberania política.
Como abandonar o ninho romântico e voar: construindo uma cultura ironista de defesa dos direitos fundamentais
Authors: Oitaven Daniel , Schürig Alessandra Scherma
Published: December 2019

O objetivo geral do artigo é questionar as bases paradigmáticas da cultura contemporânea de defesa dos direitos fundamentais mediante um cotejo entre a metafísica jurídica cômico-romântica do segundo Pós-Guerra e o ironismo cômico de Rorty. O núcleo do referencial teórico é a projeção, realizada por Robin West, dos mitos estéticos listados por Northrop Frye à teoria do direito, possibilitando a exploração da narrativa de "Os irmãos Karamázov” como alegoria para a angústia humana diante do caráter contingente das soluções jurídicas. Concluiu-se que a pós-modernidade demanda uma nova cultura jusfundamental, de caráter ironista (contextualista e falibilista), baseada em confiança e lealdade.
Apresentação
Authors: Moreira Nelson Camatta
Published: December 2019

Apresentação
Innovation and institutional quality: Evidence from OECD countries
Authors: Baris Serap
Published: December 2019

Focusing the effect of innovations on economic growth, the literature has not adequately cared about what determines the innovations or innovative capacity. However, policy makers and business leaders have accepted the need for creating platforms and institutions that promote innovative activities since it was accepted that innovations were the basic key to economic growth. This study focuses on the effect of institutions or institutional quality on the innovations. In this study where OECD countries have been selected as the sampling (1996â€“2015 period) and World Bankâ€™s Worldwide Governance Indicators represent institutional quality while the number of patent application represents the innovation, the effect of institutional quality on the innovations has been examined through the methods of panel data analysis. Innovation is positively related to voice and accountability, political stability and rule of law while it is negatively related to control of corruption. Moreover, there has been no relationship determined between government effectiveness and regulatory quality and innovation. Findings of this study suggest that it is highly difficult to state what is the net effect of institutional quality on the innovations.

Keywords: Governance, innovation, institutions, institutional quality, patent, panel data analysis.
Effectiveness of internal control system in higher learning institution, in Nairobi, Kenya
Authors: Tenbele Negede Tesfay
Published: December 2019

The aim of this study is to assess the effectiveness of the internal control system in the Catholic University of Eastern Africa (CUEA). And, therefore, the specific objectives are to assess the effectiveness of elements of the internal control system in the CUEA, which are control environment, risk assessment, control activities, information and communication activities and monitoring activities. The study used a descriptive research design, and a sample of 53 administrative staffs was selected using a stratified sampling technique. Data collected via questionnaire were analysed by employing a descriptive statistics that contains frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation. The validity and reliability of the instruments were assured using the piloting and Cronbach Alpha technique. The study found that solely control the environment of the institution was effective to a great extent, but, the four elements of its internal control system were effective to a moderate extent. Therefore, the researcher concluded that the institution had an internal control system to a moderate extent proved by a mean of 3.4. This suggests that in spite of the institution designed its control environment to a great extent its policies and procedures werenâ€™t enforced and monitored to a very great or great extent. Thus, the study recommended that the institution needs more effective implementation and monitoring of its policies and procedures and creating proper risk assessment to improve its internal control system.

Keywords: Effective, financial, internal control system, managements.
Los 55 años del Laboratorio Nacional de Aguas (1964-2019)
Authors: Mora Darner A.
Published: December 2019

El 14 de abril de 1961, durante la administración del Lic. Mario Echandi Jiménez, inició funciones el “Servicio Nacional de Acueductos y Alcantarillados” (SNAA). Su fundamento legal fue la Ley 2726, y su principal propósito consistió en atender la crisis en el suministro de agua para consumo humano y alcantarillado en el Área Metropolitana de San José. En este contexto, y con el objetivo de vigilar y controlar la calidad del agua suministrada por las plantas, tanto potabilizadoras como de aguas residuales, se crea el “Laboratorio Central” (LC); su sede se ubicó en la comunidad de Tres Ríos, en el centro del cantón de La Unión, iniciando funciones el 20 de setiembre de 1964 bajo el liderazgo persistente del Dr. Edgar Ortiz Castro (q.d.D.g.). En concordancia con las funciones rectoras y operadoras del SNAA (hoy AyA), además de las obligaciones mencionadas y atribuidas por Ley, el LC también abordó la capacitación de funcionarios de plantas potabilizadoras, muestreo e inspecciones sanitarias, además de la vigilancia de la calidad del agua en sus diferentes usos.
Agua para consumo humano en Costa Rica: de los objetivos de desarrollo del milenio a los objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible
Authors: Mora -Alvarado Darner Adrián , Portuguez-Barquero Carlos Felipe
Published: December 2019

El presente estudio analiza los avances de Costa Rica con el paso de los “Objetivos de Desarrollo del Milenio” a los “Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible”, usando el nuevo concepto “Agua potable gestionada en forma segura”, para establecer metas al 2022 y 2030. Se utilizaron los resultados de los informes anuales de cobertura y calidad del agua del Laboratorio Nacional de Aguas (1991-2015), y el Informe de OMS/UNICEF “25 Progresos en Materia de Saneamiento y Agua Potable en el Mundo” como fuente de datos para este estudio. En cuanto a cobertura con agua suministrada por cañería, los resultados indican que Costa Rica (97%), al utilizar el concepto de cobertura con agua de calidad potable en lugar de “Fuentes de Agua Potable Mejoradas”, avanzó más que el promedio mundial (58%) y el latinoamericano (89%) en el periodo 1990- 2015. Respecto a la calidad del agua, Costa Rica pasó de un 50% de población con agua de calidad potable a un 91,2% en el periodo de 1990-2015. Además, en 2017 la cobertura de agua potable, libre de contaminación fecal y química, fue del 93,3%, estableciendo las metas para 2022 y 2030 del 95% y 99% respectivamente. Por último, se recomienda ejecutar la estrategia para mejorar la calidad de los servicios de agua potable de 1989 al 2030, con el fin de alcanzar la universalización del suministro de los servicios de agua potable en Costa Rica.
Análisis de la calidad bacteriológica de dos playas tropicales: relación de indicadores de contaminación fecal entre el agua de mar y las arenas
Authors: Badilla-Aguilar Andrei , Mora-Alvarado Darner A.
Published: December 2019

Las poblaciones microbianas en las arenas de playas, y su influencia en las aguas de mar aledañas, pueden estar asociadas a riesgos para la salud de los turistas que visitan las playas. El objetivo de este trabajo fue describir los niveles de indicadores de contaminación fecal entre las arenas y el agua de mar de dos playas del pacífico de Costa Rica y determinar la relación entre dichas matrices. Se utilizó la técnica de Fermentación en Tubos Múltiples (NMP) para la detección de coliformes fecales, E. coli y Enterococcus spp. Se calcularon los coeficientes de correlación de Spearman entre el agua de mar y las arenas de cada playa. Lo resultados mostraron niveles más altos de Enterococcus spp. en la arena seca, con respecto al agua de mar y la arena húmeda. Se evidenciaron correlaciones positivas de microorganismos indicadores entre las arenas y el agua de mar en Playa Jacó. El análisis de los resultados sugiere que la contaminación de las aguas de mar se ve altamente influenciada por las poblaciones microbianas establecidas en las arenas. Sin embargo, son necesarios más estudios para conocer el comportamiento de las poblaciones microbianas en arenas de playas y su relación con la contaminación del agua de mar.
Indice de calidad y continuidad de los servicios de agua para consumo humano en Costa Rica
Authors: Mora-Alvarado Darner Adrián , Barboza-Topping Rafael , Orozco-Gutiérrez Jimena
Published: December 2019

El presente documento tiene como objetivo establecer un indicador compuesto para evaluar la calidad de los servicios de agua para consumo humano en costa rica, mediante el uso combinado de los intervalos de continuidad del servicio del agua y el “índice de riesgo de la calidad del agua para consumo humano” (ircach), elaborado por el laboratorio nacional de aguas (lna). La metodología incluyó: 1) la definición de los intervalos del ircach, 2) la propuesta de intervalos de continuidad del servicio de suministro de agua en horas y porcentajes, 3) definición del índice de calidad y continuidad de los servicios de agua para consumo humano (iccsach), y 4) la aplicación del iccsach utilizando diez acueductos operados por el aya. Los resultados obtenidos califican los servicios de agua de: excelente servicio aquel acueducto que obtiene 100% del puntaje, bueno el que obtiene en 80 y menos (<) de 100%, regular entre 60 y menos (<) de 80% y malo entre 40 y menos (<) de 60% y muy malo menor a 40%. En primera instancia se recomienda aplicar en el año 2018 este índice en los acueductos del aya, en el 2019 en los acueductos municipales y rurales y en segunda instancia en el 2020 incorporar el parámetro de cantidad para ampliar el indicador compuesto a cantidad, calidad y continuidad del servicio.
DEVELOPING SUPPLEMENTARY READING MATERIALS FOR THE STUDENTS OF EIGHTH GRADERS NURUS SALAFIYAH PROBOLINGGO
Authors: Zainuddin Zainuddin
Published: December 2019

Developing Supplementary Reading Materials for the students of eighth Graders at Nurus Salafiyah Probolinggo. It modified Latief model (2009); the researcher developed material based on data analysis taken from a preliminary study. The material was validated and tried-out to class VIII-B of Nurus Salafiyah Probolinggo. The result showed that this study and the product have successfully answered the students' needs in reading skills. Therefore, the product could be used for the eighth-grader students of Nurus Salafiyah Probolinggo
Clinical Validation of the Nursing Outcome “Pain: Disruptive Effects” in People With Chronic Pain in Spain
Authors: Pancorbo-Hidalgo Pedro Luis , Bellido-Vallejo José Carlos
Published: December 2019

Background and Purpose

The measurement of the effects of chronic pain on the patients is a challenge for nurses. The purpose was to translate into Spanish and to assess the psychometrics of the indicators of the nursing outcome “Pain: disruptive effects.”

Methods

A three-stage study: (a) translation and cultural adaptation, (b) content validation, (c) clinical validation in 10 healthcare centers.

Results

The Spanish version of the outcome “Pain: disruptive effects” has high content validity (CVI = .90) with 17 indicators organized into three factors. The Inter-observer agreement was good (kappa = .66) and the internal consistency high (alpha = .90).

Conclusions

The 17 indicators of the outcome “Pain: disruptive effects” has evidence of reliability and validity for assessing the harmful effects of chronic pain.
Construct Validation of the Mealtime Relational Care Checklist for Individual Resident Use in Long-Term Care
Authors: Iuglio Sabrina , Chaudhury Habib , Lengyel Christina , Morrison Jill , Boscart Veronique , Carrier Natalie , Keller Heather
Published: December 2019

Background and Purpose

To determine the construct validity of the Mealtime Relational Care Checklist (M-RCC) when used with individual residents.

Methods

Data was collected from 639 residents from 32 long-term care homes; M-RCC was completed at three meals for each resident and averaged. Bivariate analyses determined associations between the M-RCC and other resident level and dining room level measures.

Results

Resident M-RCC was positively and significantly (p< .05) associated with three of five summary scales from Dining Environment Audit Protocol and Meal Time Scan as well as resident malnutrition risk (rs= 0.23). M-RCC was negatively associated with protein intake (gram per kilogram body weight;rs= -0.13) and Cognitive Performance Score (t-value = 4.48).

Conclusions

The resident level M-RCC was significantly associated with other measures in expected directions demonstrating construct validity.
Social Media and the Mediation of Childbirth: So, What for Mothers, Maternity, and Midwifery Practice?
Authors: Tizard Hannah , Pezaro Sally
Published: December 2019

Social media is fast becoming a global phenomenon with recent research providing insight into the complex inter-weaving relationship between the media and women and families over the childbirth continuum. Additionally, a growing body of evidence demonstrates a major cultural shift in the agency and information-seeking practices of women through social media. This perhaps suggests that services fall short of providing real and lived value to the women navigating through maternity systems in the United Kingdom, due to changes in culture and society. A deeper understanding of this phenomenon may help providers and practitioners offer care which better supports women's needs and enable them to develop innovative new approaches for future service provision. The aim of this article is to examine the literature and develop a deeper understanding of how social media may impact upon women, childbearing and midwifery practice via six domains. In conclusion, informational, experimental, and relational needs of women could be enhanced with funding and investment into the role of new expert tech-midwives using social media initiatives within maternity systems. Thus, supporting the demands of modern technology use by woman to elevate midwifery care provision and satisfaction and protect against the technocratic and patriarchal influence of childbirth. This synthesis of the literature through a western cultural lens may also be relevant to an international audience.
Contextual Influences Experienced by Queensland Midwives: A Qualitative Study Focusing on Alcohol and Other Substance Use During Pregnancy
Authors: Whitehead Rosie , O'Callaghan Frances , Gamble Jenny , Reid Natasha
Published: December 2019

PURPOSE

To understand the experiences and contextual factors that influence the ability of midwives to provide appropriate support to women regarding alcohol and other drug (AOD)e use during pregnancy, in the Queensland context.

DESIGN

Using a qualitative approach underpinned by critical realism, we explored the experiences of eleven midwives using semi-structured interviews. Thematic analysis was utilized, which was inductive and deductive, as it aimed to explicate different contextual factors at play, based on the experiences of the current sample of midwives.

MAJOR FINDINGS

Experiences of midwives in the current study were influenced by five overarching contextual factors: (a) patient-level factors (complexities experienced by women and lack of knowledge regarding maternity care options); (b) provider/patient-level factors (importance of midwives building relationships with women and importance of continuity of care); (c) provider-level factors (importance of taking a supportive approach, midwife confidence, engagement in AOD screening, variable attitudes and knowledge); (d) organizational-level factors (lack of support and training, concerns regarding communication, time constraints and organizations that limited midwife involvement); (e) broader system-level factors (lack of effective services and inconsistent messages regarding AOD use during pregnancy).

CONCLUSIONS

The current study has highlighted a range of practice areas and potential implementation strategies across a number of contextual levels that could be beneficial in the Queensland context to improve maternity care provision for women who are experiencing AOD use challenges during pregnancy.
Библиотекарство у раљама живота: од школовања до запослења
Authors: Селихар Карла , Вучковић Жељко
Published: December 2019

У Републици Србији библиотекари се школују на две катедре – Катедри за библиотекарство и информатику Филолошког факултета Универзитета у Београду и Катедри за библиотекарство Педагошког факултета у Сомбору Универзитета у Новом Саду. Студије библиотекарства у Сомбору почињу 2005, а од 2015. године отвара се програм за мастер студије библиотекар-информатичар. У раду се прати развој студијског програма на Катедри у Сомбору и даљи пут студената – свршених библиотекара. С обзиром на чињеницу да је сврха студијског програма образовање стручњака из библиотечко- информационих наука, свршени библиотекари-информатичари су после четворогодишњих студија оспособљени за обављање послова у свим типовима библиотека. Увидом у документацију Педагошког факултета о броју уписаних и броју дипломираних студената анализираћемо и колико их је нашло посао у библиотекама.
Увођење услуга за особе са оштећеним видом – искуства Универзитетске библиотеке „Никола Тесла“ у Нишу
Authors: Jančić Snežana
Published: December 2019

Пружање услуга особама са инвалидитетом представља важан сегмент рада у библиотекама. У тексту је описан процес увођења сервиса за кориснике са оштећеним видом у Универзитетској библиотеци „Никола Тесла“ у Нишу. Укључивањем у TEMPUS пројекат Једнак приступ за све: оснаживање социјалне димензије у циљу јачања Европског простора високог образовања 2013. године и добијањем асистивне опреме за слепе и слабовиде студенте Универзитета у Нишу, Библиотека почиње да се на организован начин бави њиховим потребама и за њих развија специјализоване услуге. Анализом начина на које се овој категорији корисника могу побољшати услови студирања, упознавањем са правном регулативом, пре свега, у области библиотекарства и заштите ауторских права, успостављањем сарадње са институцијама које такве услуге већ пружају, обуком запослених и израдом упутстава, створене су основе за почетак рада. Од тада су сервиси за слепе и слабовиде, од којих је најзначајније прилагођавање литературе у њима приступачним форматима, постале део стандардних библиотечких услуга.
Guías de práctica clínica basadas en evidencia: Desarrollo y aplicación en neurología clínica en el Perú
Authors: Cornejo-Olivas Mario , Alva-Diaz Carlos , Custodio Capuñay Nilton
Published: December 2019

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