bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Towards Providing a Novel Security Framework for the Internetof Things (NSF-IoT)
Authors: S.M.H. Sithi Shameem Fathima , Vidhyalakshmi M. , C Priya , N Subbulakshmi , Thomas Samraj Lawrence
Published: August 2022

This proliferation of smart services and applications caused by IoT and its major role in Industry4.0 revolution will cause the number of connected devices to reach to 20 to 50 billion by 2020.As inany other network, the IoT networks are also susceptible to various cyber security attacks. Theattacks may happen in i) perception layer which comprises of the sensing devices that collect dataii) the network layer through which the data is routed to the application layer or iii) the applicationlayer where the big data is processed to evolve intelligent decisions to constitute for the smartness inthe IoT system. Though currently available significant research outcomes could adapt to counteractthe security issues in the application and network layers, the security concerns in the sensinglayer deserves due interest. This is because the sensing layer has to provide authentication andconfidentiality in order to ensure that the data is received from the authenticated sensors in a securemanner. If the sensed data corresponds to that of individuals, then the concerns of privacy also arise.The existing solutions to provide device authentication and confidentiality rely on extrinsic solutionlike the block chain for device authentication, confidentiality and privacy. This is because thesensing layer comprises mostly of low memory devices on which it is difficult to add software-basedauthentication, data confidentiality and privacy algorithms. Light weight cryptography solutionsare available but again it is not suitable for the miniscule sensors. The heterogeneity of the sensingdevice types and sensors adds momentum to the said device level challenges. Hence, there isneed for the development of device intrinsic hardware based solution(s) to constitute for deviceauthentication, data confidentiality, integrity and privacy preservation of the sensed data using thePhysically Unclonable function(PUF) and Field Programmable Gateway Arrays (FPGA)whichare designed based on Bio-Inspired techniques thereby rendering the perception layer resilient toattacks. The paper is focusing on the meaning of each security goal to the providing solutionfor inbuilt IoT security system. The study finds various IoT security attacks layer by layer andidentifying IoT security goals and their rapport with other layers. Later, we propose a solutionfor hardware inbuilt IoT security and then performed a comprehensive analysis on concerningcost-saving. The results shows that the proposed system reduces cost by 60.16% and and assures61.36% of trust.
Characteristics of hydrogen and oxygen isotopes and their differences of different water bodies in the subalpine shrubland of the eastern Qilian Mountains in China
Authors: Zhang Yue , Jia Wenxiong , Yang Le , Xiong Hui , Zhang Fuhua , Zhang Miaomiao , Lan Xin
Published: August 2022

As the main bodies of water transformation, precipitation, soil water, plant water, river water and ground water play important roles in water cycle. Based on stable isotope values of five types of water bodies collected in the subalpine shrubland of the eastern Qilian Mountains from May to October in 2019, the characteristics of hydrogen and oxygen isotopes and their differences of different water bodies were studied. The results showed that the slope of the local meteorological water line (LMWL) was lower (7.63 < 8) and the intercept was higher (14.06 > 10) than those of the global meteorological water line (GMWL), indicating that the precipitation isotopes were enriched by evaporative fractionation. Stable isotope values of soil water mainly recharged by precipitation vary significantly and seasonally (summer > autumn > spring) and decreased with increasing of soil depth, where there were some differences in different aspects. Plant transpiration was more intense than evaporations of other water bodies, thus stable isotope values of plant water were the highest among five water bodies. There were differences in stable isotope values among plant species at different stages in growing season (germination and leaf development stage > flowering and fruiting stage > leaf drop decline stage), and those of plant water were higher on semi-shady slopes than on semi-sunny slopes. Stable isotope values of tributary streams were higher than those of main streams, and there were seasonal differences between them (main streams: autumn > spring > summer, tributaries: autumn > summer > spring). Among five types of water bodies, the fluctuation variation of stable isotope values was the greatest in precipitation and the smallest in ground water. This study can help to improve the understanding of ecohydrological processes in subalpine shrubland and provide a reference basis for the ecological management in the Qilian Mountains and the rational utilization of water resources in the Shiyang River Basin.
Identification of genetic characteristics in pediatric epilepsy with focal cortical dysplasia type 2 using deep whole-exome sequencing
Authors: Xu Yan , Zhao Rui , Wang Ming , Wang Xin-hua , Wang Yi , Li Hao , Ma Yang-yang , Wu Bing-bing , Zhou Yuan-feng
Published: August 2022

Background:
Objective
Focal cortical dysplasia type 2 (FCD2) is malformations of cortical development that constitutes a common cause of pediatric focal epilepsy. Germline or somatic variants in the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway genes are pathogenesis of FCD2. In this study, whole-exome deep sequencing was performed on dysplastic cortex from focal epilepsy in children to explore genetic characteristic in FCD2.
Methods
Resected core lesions of FCD2 were confirmed by pathology and peripheral blood from 11 patients were collected. Deep whole-exome sequencing (> 500X) was performed on derived genomic DNA, germline or somatic variants in brain- specific genes were analyzed and identified.
Results
In 11 patients, a heterozygous pathogenic germline variant of DEPDC5 was identified in one case, while somatic variants were found in four brain samples. The frequencies of the somatic variant allele were 2.52%~5.12%. Somatic variants in AKT3, TSC2 and MTOR (mTOR signaling pathway genes) were found in three samples. Besides, one somatic variant was detected in MED12 which not been reported to associated with FCD2.
Conclusion
Our study expanded the variant spectrum in the mTOR-GATOR pathway, also detected a somatic variant in MED12 which was potentially associated with FCD 2.
Mantle Cell Lymphoma Presenting with Primary Neurolymphomatosis and Cutaneous Involvement: A Case Report
Authors: Gera Kriti , Kreher Margaret Ann , Kunzler Elaine , Missall Tricia A. , Franke Aaron J.
Published: August 2022

Introduction:
Neurolymphomatosis (NL) is an extremely rare manifestation of lymphoproliferative and hematologic malignancies characterized by direct neoplastic infiltration of the peripheral nervous system, and ubiquitously portends poor outcomes with dismal survival. This challenging and infrequent clinical entity is most commonly associated with B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHLs), with only a few cases of NL as a presentation of mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) ever reported. The heterogenous clinical features of NL overlap with several more common neurologic sequalae of NHL, a challenge which often leads to delays, and even misdiagnosis, of this aggressive condition. As a diagnostically challenging, rapidly progressive rare disease, there is a paucity of evidence describing the natural clinical course of NL, diagnostic algorithms, prognosis, patient outcomes data, and most crucially, optimal therapeutic management strategies. Aggressive lymphomas may also infiltrate the skin causing secondary cutaneous B-cell lymphoma, an exceptionally rare manifestation of MCL. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first reported case in the literature describing a patient with MCL presenting with primary neurolymphomatosis and secondary cutaneous MCL.
Case presentation:
A 73-year-old man recently diagnosed with MCL developed painless, ascending weakness, which progressed over weeks to near-complete paralysis. MRI of the lumbar spine was consistent with neurolymphomatosis. Concurrently, he developed erythematous papules and plaques on the face, chest, and proximal upper extremities. Skin biopsy was consistent with cutaneous infiltration of MCL. Treatment with HD-MTX plus R-CHOP therapy produced minimal improvement, and he died three weeks after initiation of therapy.
Conclusions
Neurolymphomatosis and secondary cutaneous MCL are each very rare manifestations of MCL. Rapid, aggressive infiltration of both the nerve roots and skin by MCL represents unusually high-grade disease. This case underscores the importance of high clinical suspicion for neurolymphomatosis in any subtype of lymphoma showing aggressive features. Prognosis is poor, and early intervention is crucial to minimize progression.
Heating Up the Planet – A Fresh Hot Look at Global Warming
Authors: Lemos Francisco , Lemos Maria Amélia
Published: August 2022

Global warming is an inescapable phenomenon that seems to be unquestionably linked with Human activity, in particular with the way Humanity uses energy, and constitutes one of the most important challenges we are facing in the near future. The occurrence of global warming is being linked to the emissions of gases with a greenhouse effect, that is, gases that can trap heat in the atmosphere and, thus, induce an imbalance between the energy the Earth receives and the one that it is able to emit back into space. This imbalance induces an accumulation that is credited as responsible for the warming of the atmosphere. In this paper, we take a different view, based on a thermodynamic analysis, of the overall world’s energy production/consumption system and raise the issue that the warming of the atmosphere is likely to be affected by the energy system in more ways than this imbalance between energy intake and energy release due to the emissions of greenhouse gases and that it may be directly influenced by the generation and use of energy itself. The main conclusion that we reach from our calculations is that the amount of energy that is currently being produced on a global scale can actually make a significant contribution, if not the major contribution, to the current increase in atmospheric temperature.
Monitoring and Control of Faults in the Automation Industry Using Soft Sensors and Ant Colony Optimization Fourier Transform Perceptron with Multiple Layers
Authors: Anupong Wongchai , Abourehab Mohammed A.S. , Ahmed Mohammed Altaf
Published: August 2022

In modern industrial processes, various types of soft sensors are used, which play essential roles in process monitoring, control and optimization. Emerging new theories, advanced techniques and the information infrastructure have enabled the elevation of the performance of soft sensing. Once soft sensors are designed, a mechanism to maintain or update these models is highly desirable in industry. This paper proposed novel technique in monitoring and control optimization of soft sensors in automation industry for fault detection. Here fault detection has been carried out using Probabilistic Multi-Layer Fourier Transform Perceptron (PMLFTP). The input collected plant data has been pre-processed for removal of samples containing null values.Then fault detection and diagnosis process have been carried out based on probability of the data with Fourier transform-based detection and multi-layer perceptron-based diagnosis of the fault in the manufacturing process. Then controlling of data in soft sensors has been optimized using auto-regression based ant colony optimization (AR_ACO) which has effect in increasing the production of industry automatically. The experimental results have been carried out in terms of computational rate of 40%, QoS of 78%, RMSE of 45%, fault detection rate of 90%, control optimization of 93% has been obtained for various historical data-based evaluations.
Mathematical Analysis of the Transmission Dynamics of Syphilis in China
Authors: Zhao Tiantian , Liao Ying , Jiao Haiyan
Published: August 2022

Background
Syphilis, a sexually transmitted infectious disease caused by the bacterium treponema pallidum, and it remains a significant cause of morbidity in many developing countries. Mathematical models of the transmission dynamics of sexually transmitted infections have provided insights of relevance both to the interpretation of observed epidemiological patterns and to the design of control programs.
Goal and Study Design:
Based on the syphilis data in China from 2010 to 2020, the SEIRS dynamical model was established to provide theoretical support and quantitative basis for syphilis control in China.
Results
First of all, Based on the data of syphilis in China from 2010 to 2020, the parameterizations and model calibration are carried out. The fitting results are in good agreement with the data. And then, we calculate the basic reproduction number R0, and R0 = 1.0556, which means that the syphilis epidemic will continue to be prevalent in China. Moreover, sensitivity analysis shows that the progression rate from incubating to infection (w), treatment rate in infection stage (γ), and treatment rate in incubating stage (α) play a critical role in mitigating the syphilis outbreaks.
Conclusion
These results can help us gain insights into the epidemiology of syphilis and provide guidance for the public health authorities to implement health education programs.
Presence and role of viruses in anaerobic digestion of food waste under environmental variability
Authors: Fan Lu , Peng Wei , Duan Haowen , Lü Fan , Zhang Hua , He Pinjing
Published: August 2022

Background
The interaction among microorganisms in anaerobic digestion of food waste (ADFW) reactors achieves the degradation of organics and the recycling of energy. As an important component of the microorganisms in ADFW, viruses were rarely explored. Furthermore, little is known about how viruses affect methanogenesis.
Results
Here, we recovered thousands of viral sequences from five full-scale ADFW reactors. Gene-sharing networks indicated that ADFW contained a large number of unexplored anaerobic-specific viruses. Moreover, viral communities in different full-scale reactors exhibited both commonalities and heterogeneities. Lab-scale dynamic analysis in typical scenarios further suggested that viruses have similar kinetic characteristics to their prokaryotic hosts. By associating with the putative hosts, the vast majority of bacteria and archaea phyla can be infected by viruses. Viruses may influence prokaryotic ecological niches and thus methanogenesis by infecting key functional microorganisms such as sulfate-reducing bacteria, syntrophic acetate oxidizing bacteria, and methanogens. Metabolic predictions of viruses revealed that viruses can facilitate the metabolism of sulfur and fatty acids by enhancing host metabolic capacity in key steps and participate in typical methanogenic pathways to promote methane production.
Conclusions
Overall, our results expand on the diversity of viruses in the ADFW systems and point out two ways of viral manipulation of ADFW biochemical processes.
A Order based Content-Based 3D Model Retrieval proposal
Authors: Amorim Thiago Kobashigawa , Biscaro Helton Hideraldo
Published: August 2022

In computer graphics, Content-Based Retrieval (CBR) is a database system that consists of receiving an object as input and returning a list of similar objects. Although originally conceived for images, CBR systems can work with objects of another nature such as sounds, and three-dimensional models , represented as geometrical meshes, transporting CBR systems to contexts other than images To assess the proximity between the meshes, some techniques consist of performing mathematical transformations of the meshes into feature vectors and calculating the distance relationship between these vectors. In this work, we built a prototype of a 3D CBR system that uses an order relation, instead of a distance function, as a similarity function between the objects. Furthermore , we propose the use of an order in R n that we call Extended Lexicographical Order (ELO), which seeks to take into account all the information present in the vectors to be compared. We compared our prototype not only with the traditional distance functions but also with more classical R n order relations such as lexicographical and revlex. We also use two types of descrip-tors, a spectral descriptor based on compressed sensing theory and a harmonic spherical-based descriptor. In all cases, our prototype performed better when compared to traditional techniques.
Somatostatin is key to explaining the long-term effect of anatomical rearrangements after sleeve gastrectomy on glucose metabolism
Authors: Pérez-Arana Gonzalo-Martín , González-Domínguez Álvaro , Visiedo-García Francisco-Jose , Díaz-Gómez Alfredo , Reyes José Bancalero-De los , Camacho-Ramírez Alonso , Ribelles-García Antonio , Almorza-Gomar David , Gracia-Romero Manuel , Prada-Oliveira José-Arturo
Published: August 2022

Background. Sleeve gastrectomy (SG) is one of the most commonly performed bariatric surgeries is able to treat diabetes (T2DM) better than many drugs. The mechanisms that underlie this phenomenon remains unclear. We propose that somatostatin (SST), isoforms, SST-14 and SST-28, are key to explaining the pathophysiological mechanisms behind T2DM improvement after SG. Methods. We underwent surgeries on three groups of Wistar rats -fasting (FC), surgery control (Sham), and SG groups-. We measured plasma levels of glucose, insulin, SST-14 and SS-28 at several weeks after surgery, islet somatostatin receptor (SSTR) and cell populations at short and long-term after surgery. We performed a Pasireotide (SST-28 analogue) infusion assay in another group of rats to confirm the influence of SST-28 plasma levels on the delta-cell population. Results. We found an elevation of the insulin response after surgery in SG animals but a decrease in insulin response in the long-term with a loss of beta cell mass. An increase in duodenal SST-28-producing cells in the duodenum and a loss of pancreatic SST-14-producing cells was measured after SG but not in controls. The expression of SSTR-5 in delta-cell populations from every group and the ability of the Pasireotide infusion assay to decrease the delta-cell population indicate the effect of SST-28 plasma levels on delta-cell maintenance. Conclusion. After SG begins with a compensatory response in the duodenum, the depletion of beta cell mass after losing the brake that constitutes SST-14 at the paracrine level. This process may explain the percentage of T2DM relapse after SG.
‘Are Routine Post-Discharge Diuretics Necessary After Pediatric Cardiac Surgery?’
Authors: Penk Jamie S , de Faria Guilherme Baptista , Collins Catherine A , CPNP-AC Lindsay M Jackson , Porlier Avaliese L , Petito Lucia , Marino Bradley
Published: August 2022

Hypothesis: We hypothesized that a single regimen of no or limited diuretics post-discharge after pediatric cardiac surgery for patients with two ventricles is not inferior to prolonged diuretics for prevention of readmission for pleural effusion. Material and Methods: A prospective, one-armed, safety non-inferiority trial with historical controls was performed at a single center, quaternary, children’s hospital. Inclusion criteria were children aged 3 months to 18 years after pediatric cardiac surgery resulting in a two- ventricle repair between 7/2020 and 7/2021. Eligible patients were compared with patients from a five-year historical period (selected using a database search). The intervention was that “regular risk” patients received no diuretics and pre-specified “high risk” patients received five days of twice per day furosemide at discharge. Results: 61 subjects received the intervention. None were readmitted for pleural effusions, though 1 subject was treated for a symptomatic pleural effusion with outpatient furosemide. The study was halted after an interim analysis demonstrated that 4 subjects were readmitted with pericardial effusion during the study period versus 2 during the historical control (2.9% versus 0.2%, p = 0.003). Conclusions: We found no evidence that limited post-discharge diuretics results in an increase in readmissions for pleural effusions. This conclusion is limited as not enough subjects were enrolled to definitively show that this strategy is not inferior to the historical practice. There was a small, but statistically significant, increase in readmissions for pericardial effusions after implementation of this study protocol.
Personalising knowledge assessments to remove compensation and thereby improve preparation for safe practice - developing content adaptive progress testing
Authors: Burr Steven Ashley , Kisielewska Jolanta , Zahra Daniel , Hodgins Ian , Robinson Iain , Millin Paul , Gale Thomas , Santos Nuno , Pêgo José Miguel Gomes Moreira
Published: August 2022

An increasing number of data across many higher education programmes indicate that the traditional construction of knowledge assessments allows students to pass all exams even if they lack knowledge in certain areas of the curriculum. This may be particularly problematic for healthcare programmes such as medicine, where students can graduate without achieving sufficient competency in certain subjects. Summative and formative knowledge assessments may indicate areas of weakness, but there is no guarantee that students will address them. Therefore, compensation of content both within and across assessments can potentially lead to graduating students with insufficient knowledge. To address this issue and remove any compensation it is now possible to use personalised knowledge assessments in the form of adaptive progress testing to improve graduate students’ knowledge and increase their safety to practice. Computerized adaptive assessments utilise algorithms to select items depending on the candidate’s previous answers. Such assessments can select questions according to their difficulty or content of the blueprint. Adaptive testing by difficulty aims to give a more reliable measure of each individual student’s performance, while adaptive testing by content aims to ensure successful performance in all required content by all students. Here we present an overview of computerised adaptive progress testing and discuss the rationale and practicality of this approach to assessment.
Confirmation of the presence of Anopheles stephensi among a conflict-affected host community in Aden City, Yemen
Authors: Allan R , Weetman D , Sauskojus H , Budge S , Hawail T Bin , Awash A , Baheshm Y
Published: August 2022

Background Declines in global malaria cases and deaths since the millennium are currently challenged by multiple factors including funding limitations, limits of, and resistance to vector control tools, and also recent spread of the invasive vector species, Anopheles stephensi – especially into novel urban settings where malaria rates are typically low. Coupled with general increases in urbanisation and escalations in the number of conflicts creating rapid and unplanned population displacement into urban areas, particularly in the Middle East and sub-Saharan Africa, increased urban malaria is a major threat to control and elimination. MethodsEntomological monitoring surveys (targeting Aedes aegypti) of water containers across urban areas hosting internally displaced people (IDP) communities in Aden city, Yemen, were performed by The MENTOR Initiative, a non-governmental organisation. As part of these surveys, in 2021 In 23 larvae collected and raised to adults were morphologically identified as An. stephensi. Twelve of the samples were sent to Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine for independent morphological assessment and genetic analysis by sequencing the ribosomal ITS2 region and the mitochondrial COI gene. ResultsAll twelve samples were confirmed morphologically and by sequence comparisons to the NCBI BLAST database as An. stephensi, with phylogenetic analysis of the COI sequences identifying a single haplotype with closest relationship to a haplotype found in Djibouti and Ethiopia. ConclusionOur results confirm the presence of An. stephensi in Yemen. Discovery of the species in an urban community hosting thousands of IDPs living in temporary shelters with widescale dependency on open water containers is of particular concern due to the vulnerability of the population and abundance of favourable breeding sites for the vector. Proactive monitoring and targeted integrated vector management are required to limit impacts in this area of typically low malaria transmission, and to prevent further the spread of An. stephensi within the region.
Geopolymer Mortar: A Parametric Study of Its Properties with Several Activator Mixtures
Authors: JAIN BOHRA VINAY KUMAR , RUBEN NERELLA , CH MADDURU SRI RAMA
Published: August 2022

In this research, a parametric study of geopolymer mortar that is the outcome of a variety of different combinations of alkali activation is being developed. In this experimental study, four series of geopolymer paste that differed in the combination of alkali activation were made by activating low calcium fly ash. The results of this study were presented in the form of a study report. In each and every experiment, the activators were heated to a constant 30 degrees Celsius for a period of time equal to 24 hours. After exposing the geopolymer samples to a temperature of 60 degrees Celsius for forty-eight hours, the curing process was considered successful. In this study, the factors such as strength and microstructure were examined. The Scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDAX) techniques were applied in such a way as to analyse the microstructural and mineralogical characteristics of geopolymer specimens.
Cellular gp96 upregulates AFP expression by blockade of NR5A2 SUMOylation and ubiquitination in HCC
Authors: Qian Liyuan , Liang Zhentao , Wang Jiuru , Li Xin , Zhao Jingmin , Li Zihai , Chen Lizhao , Liu Yongai , ju Ying , Li Changfei , Meng Songdong
Published: August 2022

AFP is the most widely used biomarker for the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. However, a substantial proportion of HCC patients have either normal or marginally increased AFP levels in serum, and the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. In the present study, we provided in vitro as well as in vivo evidence that heat shock protein gp96 promoted AFP expression at the transcriptional level in HCC. NR5A2 was identified as a key transcription factor regulated by AFP and its stability was enhanced by gp96. A further mechanistic study by CO-IP, GST-pull down and molecular docking showed the competitive binding of gp96 and SUMO E3 ligase RanBP2 to NR5A2 at the sites spanning from aa 507 to 539. The binding of gp96 inhibited SUMOylating, ubiquitination, and subsequent degradation of NR5A2. In addition, clinical analysis of HCC patients indicated that gp96 expression was positively correlated to serum AFP levels in tumors. Therefore, our study uncovered the novel regulatory mechanism of gp96 on the stability of its client proteins by directly affecting their SUMOylation and ubiquitination. These findings will help in designing more accurate AFP-based HCC diagnosis and progression monitoring approaches.
eHealth, Teledentistry and Health Workforce Challenges: An observational study
Authors: Németh Orsolya , Simon Fanni , Benhamida Abdallah , Kivovics Márton , Gaál Péter
Published: August 2022

In the 21st century, health systems have to cope with the challenges posed by their rapidly changing socioeconomic, ecological, technological, demographic and epidemiological environment. Among these, the use of digital health solutions is an opportunity to make health systems better, but also a compelling force to change, which disrupts the traditional organizational and operational framework of medical care. This study is based on a survey of the dental care provided by three units (Oral Medicine, Periodontology, Orthodontics) of the Department of Community Dentistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest. During a period of 12 weeks, we have collected time balance data on 1131 patients, 539 in the traditional and 592 in a pilot teledentistry setting, in order to estimate how much time could be spared by monitoring patients through videoconferencing instead of face-to-face visits. According to our findings, teledentistry has the potential to shorten the visit with an average of 5-10 minutes per patient, which adds up to 58-116 work hours in a year. If the pilot was rolled out to all the 13 chairs of the surveyed 3 specialties (orthodontics, periodontology and oral medicine) the time saving would sum up to 186 workdays in one shift alone, which would translate to close to 4,500 additional patients per year, considering remote patient monitoring cases alone. Further, if inactive doctors and highly qualified dental hygienists were involved in delivering telecare, 2,67 times as many workdays could be spared, which would allow about 12,000 more patients treated per year. The rapid development of digital health technologies coupled with the evolving task distribution between health professionals have a great potential to improve health system performance in pursuit of population health. Unfortunately, the adaptation to these technological changes is uneven, and without a national strategy, the poor will unlikely benefit from these opportunities in public dental care.
Dynamics in a Competition and Cooperation Model of Two Enterprises with Delays
Authors: Muhammadhaji Ahmadjan , Abdurahman Xamxinur
Published: August 2022

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
A Six-Year Learning by Teaching Life Supportive First Aid Program to Generate Peer Trainer Pupils. A Prospective Case Control Study
Authors: Amelunxen Berndt , Kirk Samantha , Hind Julian , Illibauer Jennifer , Krall Christoph , Lessing Sebastian , Noyelle Aurelien , Murphy Peter , Sterz Fritz
Published: August 2022

Background Out of hospital cardiac arrest is a life-threatening condition. To improve the chances of survival, lay-person cardio-pulmonary-resuscitation (CPR) is a crucial factor. Many bystanders, fail to react appropriately, even if programs and campaigns tried to increase the handling of basic cardiac life support. To achieve an improved appreciation and learning of CPR, a pupil’s repetitive self “learning by teaching” program was established. Methods The appreciation and learning of CPR was investigated in a prospective, case-controlled study at an international school. Pupils (12 ±3 years old) joining CPR courses (n =538, female: 243, attendance for evaluation: 476) were compared to a control group (n =129, female: 52, attendance for evaluation: 102). Surveys and quality of CPR (QCPR%) through a computer linked “Resusci Anne” dummy were compared with Chi-squared tests, t-tests pair wisely, and by one-way ANOVA. Results Knowledge and skills on the “Resusci Anne” were significant better in trained grade 9 pupils compared to the control group (QCPR, 59 vs 25%). The number of courses each grade 9 student had, correlated with improved practical performance (r2 =0.21, p <0.001). The willingness to deliver CPR to strangers increased with improved practical performance. Attitudes of gained knowledge, performance of CPR, and appreciation of this topic were high in all participating grades. Conclusion This program confirms the opportunity to successfully establish a new self-running system of school-based pupil’s repetitive “learning by teaching” life-supporting first aid courses with no running costs and to create pupils as peer teachers.
Exploring Chain-Breaking Antioxidants Profile Dependent at Various pH and co-Antioxidants
Authors: Kumar Manish , Sharma Deepika , Singh Vijay P.
Published: August 2022

Understanding towards chain-breaking antioxidants as potent inhibitors of lipid peroxyl radicals, high-throughput efforts have been investigated for antioxidant behaviour of 6-bromo-3,3-dimethyl-8 hexadecyltelluro [1,3]dioxepino[5,6-c]pyridin-9-ol and 2-methyl-2,3-dihydrobenzo[b]selenophene-5-ol in the two phase (chlorobenzene/water) lipid peroxidation model system at various pH 1-7 and mild co-antioxidants such as (glutathione, dithiothreitol, ascorbic acid, sodium ascorbate, and potassium hexacyanoferrate(II) trihydrate, sodium metasulfite, and tris(2-carboxyethyl)phosphine hydrochloride). The key chain-breaking mechanism profile was attributed towards the first oxygen transfer atom from the lipid peroxyl radical to the Se/Te atoms and then hydrogen atom transfer from the nearby phenolic group by the alkoxyl radical due to the weak O-H bond dissociation energy in the solvent cage. Finally, the regeneration could take place by the presence of aqueous soluble co-antioxidants that increased the inhibition time of antioxidants more efficiently than α-tocopherol. Tellurium analouge at pH 2-5 in presence of N-acetylcysteine offered better protection for chain-breaking capacity than the selenium analouge. In the presence of aqueous soluble N-acetylcysteine at pH 1-7, both antioxidants in the present study behaved very good inhibitors of lipid peroxyl radicals.
Using genetic profiling for short and long term improved and eco-responsible management of shark problem individuals
Authors: Clua Eric Emile Germain , Meyer Carl , Linnell John , Baksay Sandra , Haguenauer Anne , Vely Michel , Vignaud Thomas , Planes Serge
Published: August 2022

DNA evidence is routinely used to identify individual predators responsible for attacks on people and livestock in terrestrial settings. However, the transfer of DNA techniques to aquatic environments for similar purposes is a recent development. To date, DNA barcoding has been used successfully to identify shark species depredating fish catches and biting surfboards and neoprene surfaces. In this study we demonstrate the successful DNA barcoding and fingerprinting of an individual tiger shark from transfer DNA collected directly from the wounds of two shark bite victims within two incidents that occurred 30 days and 85 km apart. This finding supports the existence of problem individuals among large shark species that target humans as potential prey. The successful use of DNA techniques to identify both species and specific individuals responsible for shark bites opens the door to selective removal of these individuals as an innovative shark bite risk management strategy. This selective approach would be a more effective, eco-responsible, cost-effective and ethical solution for vulnerable taxa than ongoing non-selective culling campaigns.
Sium sisarum L. var. lancifolium (M. Bieb.) Thell -a traditional spice from eastern Anatolia: chemical composition and biological activities
Authors: MÜKEMRE Muzaffer , DALAR Abdullah , BAĞCİ TAYLAN Şengal , ERTAŞ Metin
Published: August 2022

Traditionally consumed food and spices are significant sources in the daily life diet and constitute a large portion of the cuisine in Eastern Anatolia in Turkey. However, limited data available necessitate further analysis of their chemical composition and health attributing properties. This study aims to present phytochemical composition and biological activities of Sium sisarum var. lancifolium, a commonly consumed spice and food species in the region. Analytical studies to date have revealed the presence of high levels of phenolics (chlorogenic acid and isoquercetin) and volatiles (α-terpinene, camphene, cyclohexene, carene and p-cymene), which exhibits significant potential of digestive enzyme suppressive and antioxidant abilities. Data collected in this study suggest the use of Sium sisarum plant to obtain nutraceuticals and/or biotherapeutic agents that are able to regulate oxidative stress and enzyme activities.
The importance of Lavandula stoechas L. in pharmacognosy and phytotherapy
Authors: ŞAHİNLER Saliha Şeyma , SEVER YILMAZ Betül , SARIKÜRKCÜ Cengiz , TEPE Bektaş
Published: August 2022

Lavandula stoechas is distributed in Africa, Europe, and Asia continents, especially in the countries of Southern Europe and North Africa neighboring the Mediterranean. The use of L. stoechas, which has a cosmopolitan distribution, mainly in the Mediterranean region, in the treatment of rheumatic diseases and reduction of inflammatory problems in folk medicine dates back to ancient times. It has been determined that L. stoechas contains various bioactive phytochemicals such as flavonoids, catechic tannins, sterols, coumarins, leucoanthocyanins, and mucilages. The essential oil obtained from the leaves and flowers is widely used in pharmacy. There are ethnobotanical and phytopharmacological studies on the antimicrobial, insecticidal, antileishmanial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects of the essential oil and extracts of the plant. There are intensive studies and clinical data on its anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anticonvulsant effects. It has been determined that L. stoechas has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, insecticide, larvicide, anticonvulsant, antispasmodic, sedative, hepatoprotective, nephroprotective, antidiabetic, and anticancer effects with scientific studies based on the traditional use of L. stoechas. This review supports that the aforementioned plant can be used as a medicine in the light of its traditional use and the data obtained as a result of scientific studies. In this review, it was emphasized that some regulations should be made on the cultivation, formulation, and marketing of L. stoechas.
Codebase release 0.1 for jVMC
Authors: Schmitt Markus , Reh Moritz
Published: August 2022

The introduction of Neural Quantum States (NQS) has recently given a new twist to variational Monte Carlo (VMC). The ability to systematically reduce the bias of the wave function ansatz renders the approach widely applicable. However, performant implementations are crucial to reach the numerical state of the art. Here, we present a Python codebase that supports arbitrary NQS architectures and model Hamiltonians. Additionally leveraging automatic differentiation, just-in-time compilation to accelerators, and distributed computing, it is designed to facilitate the composition of efficient NQS algorithms.
Codebase release 1.0 for BlockGen
Authors: Bothmann Enrico , Giele Walter , Höche Stefan , Isaacson Joshua , Knobbe Max
Published: August 2022

The compute efficiency of Monte-Carlo event generators for the
Large Hadron Collider is expected to become a major bottleneck for
simulations in the high-luminosity phase. Aiming at the development
of a full-fledged generator for modern GPUs, we study the performance
of various recursive strategies to compute multi-gluon tree-level amplitudes.
We investigate the scaling of the algorithms on both CPU and GPU hardware.
Finally, we provide practical recommendations as well as baseline implementations
for the development of future simulation programs. The GPU implementations can be
found at: https://www.gitlab.com/ebothmann/blockgen-archive.
Codebase release 0.3 for ITensor
Authors: Fishman Matthew , White Steven , Stoudenmire Edwin
Published: August 2022

ITensor is a system for programming tensor network calculations with an interface modeled on
tensor diagrams, allowing users to focus on the connectivity of a tensor network without manually bookkeeping tensor indices. The ITensor interface rules out common programming errors and enables rapid prototyping of algorithms. After discussing the philosophy behind the ITensor approach, we show examples of each part of the interface including Index objects, the ITensor product operator, tensor factorizations, tensor storage types, algorithms for matrix product state (MPS) and matrix product operator (MPO) tensor networks, quantum number conserving block sparse tensors, and the NDTensors library. We also review publications that have used ITensor for quantum many-body physics and for other areas where tensor networks are increasingly applied. To conclude we discuss promising features and optimizations to be added in the future.
MITIGACIÓN DE LA FORMACIÓN DE ACRILAMIDA EN PAPAS FRITAS TIPO CHIPS MEDIANTE LA ADICIÓN DE ANTIOXIDANTES FENÓLICOS DE INCA MUÑA (Clinopodium bolivianum)
Authors: Zegarra Marianella , Aguilar-Galvez Ana , Chirinos Rosana , García-Ríos Diego , Calsin Marienela , Pedreschi Romina , Campos Davi
Published: August 2022

ACRYLAMIDE MITIGATION IN POTATO CHIPS BY ADDITION OF POLYPHENOLS FROM INCA MUÑA (Chenopodium bolivianum). The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of Inca muña phenolic antioxidants in the reduction of acrylamide (AA) in potato chips. The potatoes were cut into 2 mm thick slices, the addition of antioxidants was evaluated by immersion at atmospheric pressure and by vacuum impregnation (VI) at 80 kPa for 10 min. In both cases, two antioxidant concentrations were used (1 and 2 mg Gallic acid equivalents (GAE) mL-1) and times of 15, 30, 60 and 120 s. The greatest reduction of AA was obtained by VI with 1 mg GAE mL-1 for 120 s (67.4%) and 2 mg GAE mL-1 for 15 s (59.3%); while immersion at atmospheric pressure with 2 mg GAE mL-1 for 30 s and 60 s resulted in reductions of 50.8 and 50.9%, respectively. Besides, the addition of phenolics from Inca muña had no influence on the colour of potato chips. VI treatment resulted in increased amounts of phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity in the potato chips being the most abundant phenolic compounds hesperidin and luteolin glucoside; while in the control samples phenolic corresponded to chlorogenic acid isomers.
Bifurcation analysis of fractional duffing system based on improved short memory principle method
Authors: Ma Ruiqun , Zhang Bo , Han Jinglong
Published: August 2022

In this paper, the dynamic characteristics of fractional Duffing system are analyzed and studied by using the improved short memory principle method. This method has small amount of calculation and high precision, and can effectively improve the problem of large amount of calculation caused by the memory of fractional order. The influence of frequency change on the dynamic performance of the fractional Duffing system is studied using nonlinear dynamic analysis methods, such as Phase Portrait, Poincare Map and Bifurcation Diagram. Moreover, the dynamic behaviour of the fractional Duffing system when the fractional order and excitation amplitude changes are investigated. The analysis shows that when the excitation frequency changes from 0.43 to 1.22, the bifurcation diagram contains four periodic and three chaotic motion regions. Periodic motion windows are found in the three chaotic motion regions. It is confirmed that the frequency and amplitude of the external excitation and the fractional order of damping have a greater impact on system dynamics. Thus, attention shall be paid to the design and analysis of system dynamics.
{[HNC5H4B(OH)(OCH3)-4]2PdCl2} Yeni Bileşiğin Sentezi, Kristal Yapısı ve Hidrojen Bağ Özellikleri
Authors: GÜNGÖR Elif , KARA SUBASAT Hülya
Published: August 2022

Bu çalışmada, yeni bileşik {[HNC5H4B(OH)(OCH3)-4]2PdCl2} sentezlendi ve kristal yapısı
belirlendi. Bileşik, monoklinik kristal sisteminde P21/n uzay grubunda a=3.8749 (8) Å, b=10.177 (2) Å,
c=20.403 (4) Å, α= γ = 90°, β =91.78° ve Z=2 birim hücre parametrelerinde kristallendi. Bileşikteki Pd
iyonu inversiyon merkezinde ve dörtlü bir koordinasyona sahiptir. N–Pd–N* ve Cl–Pd–Cl* açıları 180°
olduğu için, Pd iyonu kare düzlem geometriye sahiptir. Bileşikteki CH···O, CH···Cl ve π···π
etkileşimleri, bc düzleminde ve a ekseni boyunca 3 boyutlu bir yapı oluşturmaktadır.
Beyaz Şapkalı Mantardan (Agaricus Bisporus) Üretilen Aktif Karbon Kullanılarak Sulu Çözeltilerinden Adsorpsiyon ile Metilen Violet Giderimi
Authors: AYDIN Özkan , KARABULUT Ahmet F.
Published: August 2022

Bu çalışmada beyaz şapkalı kültür mantarından (Agaricus bisporus) üretilen aktif karbonun (AC), atık suların ıslahındaki potansiyelini ortaya koymak amacıyla metilen violet 2B (MV 2B) giderimindeki adsorpsiyon performansı incelenmiştir. Aktifleştirme prosesi, potasyum hidroksit (KOH) varlığında kimyasal aktivasyon yöntemi kullanılarak, tüp fırında azot atmosferinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Adsorpsiyon olayını önemli ölçüde etkileyen pH, sıcaklık, başlangıç MV 2B çözelti konsantrasyonu ve adsorban miktarı parametreleri incelenmiştir. Deney sonuçlarından elde edilen veriler kullanılarak termodinamik, izoterm ve kinetik analizler yapılmıştır. Elde edilen pozitif entalpi (ΔH⁰) (30.658 kJ mol-1) değerinden işlemin endotermik olduğu ve negatif Gibbs serbestlik enerjisi (ΔG⁰) değerlerinden fiziksel bir adsorpsiyon işlemi meydana geldiği anlaşılmaktadır. Adsorpsiyon işlemi izoterm analizlerine göre Langmuir izoterm modeline (R2 = 0.98989) daha uygun olduğu, kinetik analize göre ise yalancı ikinci mertebe reaksiyon ile kontrol edildiği belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen AC’nin maksimum adsorpsiyon kapasitesinin 303.030 mg g-1 ve Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) yöntemi ile yüzey alanının 1741.690 m2 g-1 olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Reflexiones sobre la Educación Ambiental en el espacio expositivo del museo de historia natural
Authors: Borroto Rodríguez Iván , Dos Santos da Silva Ana Claudia
Published: August 2022

Este artigo traz reflexões sobre a identidade da Educação Ambiental no espaço expositivo do museu de história natural. Para tanto, analisa-se a dimensão educativa e ambiental da expografía em história natural e estabelecem-se relações com o campo da Educação Ambiental. Assim, é possível afirmar sobre uma potencial incidência do museu de história natural na Educação Ambiental dos visitantes, a partir do século XIX com a introdução de inovações didáticas nas exposições. Por outro lado, identifica-se a hegemonia de uma abordagem conservacionista da Educação Ambiental. Por fim, são apontadas resistências e sugeridas propostas para o desenvolvimento de correntes críticas da Educação Ambiental no espaço expositivo.
Creación de un instrumento de medición del pensamiento crítico a través de la matemáticaUna aplicación a estudiantes de ingeniería de primer año universitario
Authors:   Universidad Diego Portales, Santiago, Chile, Arancibia Carvajal Sara , Maréchal Imbert Matthieu ,   Universidad Diego Portales, Santiago, Chile, Neira Navarro Tomás ,   Universidad Diego Portales, Santiago, Chile, Abarca Cadevill Karelys ,   Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
Published: August 2022

El pensamiento crítico es una habilidad caracterizada por el juicio reflexivo guiado por un propósito, que permite realizar un análisis bien fundamentado y que es esencial para un proceso de toma de decisiones, consistente y exitoso con el aprendizaje requerido por la sociedad actual. En las carreras de Ingeniería, el pensamiento crítico es fundamental para la resolución de problemas complejos. Surge entonces la necesidad de medir oportunamente, el estado del pensamiento crítico desde las matemáticas en los estudiantes de ingeniería, considerando que esta disciplina es esencial en el trabajo de un ingeniero. El objetivo del presente estudio es el diseño de un instrumento de medición del pensamiento crítico, basado en las matemáticas, el cual resulte confiable y válido, tomando en cuenta los elementos de la teoría clásica que miden los tests. Se aplica el instrumento de acuerdo a seis dimensiones del pensamiento crítico a 371 estudiantes de primer año de las carreras de Ingeniería en una universidad chilena durante el año 2020. Entre los resultados obtenidos se observaron debilidades en las dimensiones de “Argumentación”, “Analizar Hipótesis y Resultados” y “Razonamiento lógico”. Por otra parte, se obtuvo que los estudiantes de primer año tienen mayor facilidad en las dimensiones “Interpretar”, “Inferir” y regular habilidad en “Resolución de problemas”. Conocer las dimensiones en las cuales los estudiantes presentan fortalezas y debilidades entrega información relevante para el desarrollo de metodologías de aprendizaje más focalizadas, que permitan fortalecer el pensamiento crítico en estudiantes de ingeniería