bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of feeding level during autumn and winter on breeding weight and result in single and pair-housed minks
Authors: Korhonen Hannu , Niemelä Paavo
Published: July 2018

The effect of feeding intensity (standard vs. restricted ration) and housing system (males and females kept singly vs. animals kept in male-female pairs) on breeding body condition and whelping was studied in farm standard mink (Mustela vison). Dietary interventions lasted from 20 September to 31 January. The maximum body weights of minks fed the standard ration were higher than those fed the restricted ration, and, the weights of animals housed in pairs were higher than those of animals housed singly. Daily feed intake was only slightly lower for singly-housed minks. Singly-housed females came on heat slightly later than females housed with a male. No statistically significant differences were found in whelping success due to feeding intensity or housing system. Whelping results tended, however, to be best for the females on restricted feeding and housed with a male (4.1 kits/mated female), and poorest for the females fed the standard ration but housed singly (3.4 kits/mated female), The conventional housing set-up, in which males and females are housed in pairs, is therefore recommended, but feeding from autumn onwards should be restricted.
Effect of the environment inside and outside the cage on the activity and behaviour test performance of silver foxes
Authors: Rekilä Teppo , Ahola Leena , Mononen Jaakko , Harri Mikko
Published: July 2018

On the basis of daily activity in the home cage and the open field test the effect of the internal design and location of cages on the behaviour of silver foxes (Vulpes vulpes) during a growth period was evaluated. The inclusion of platforms in cages increased the daytime activity of silver foxes in their home cage, but the inclusion of nest boxes did not. Silver foxes housed at the front of the animal barn were less active during the working day and more active in the evening than were animals housed at the rear. The results of the open field test did not differ significantly between animals housed in cages differing in design. This study demonstrates that the behaviour of silver foxes was only minimally affected by the interior environment of the cage, and that attempts to improve housing design should also take the environment outside the cage into account.
Integrated environmental research and networking of economy and information in rural areas of Finland
Authors: Luostarinen Matti
Published: July 2018

This article uses material from many extensive research projects starting from the construction of the electric power supply network and its water supply systems in northern Finland in 1973-1986, to the Agropolis agricultural strategy and networking for the Loimijoki project. A list of the material and references of the publications is available in Agronet on the Internet. All these projects applied integrated environmental research covering biology, the natural sciences, social sciences, and planning methodology. To be able to promote sustainable agriculture and rural development there is a pressing need to improve research methodology and applications for integrated environmental research. This article reviews the philosophy and development of the theory behind integrated environmental research and the theory of network economy.
The biotechnology of lactic acid bacteria with emphasis on applications in food safety and human health
Authors: Daly Charles , Davis Ruth
Published: July 2018

Fermentation of various foodstuffs by lactic acid bacteria (LAB) is one of the oldest forms of biopreservation practised by mankind. In recent years, significant advances have been made in elucidating the genetic and physiological basis of key LAB traits involved in these industrially significant processes. One important attribute of many LAB is their ability to produce antimicrobial compounds called bacteriocins. Interest in these compounds has grown substantially due to their potential usefulness as natural substitutes for chemical food preservatives in the production of foods with enhanced shelflife and/or safety. There is growing consumer awareness of the link between diet and health. Recent scientific evidence supports the role of probiotic LAB in mediating many positive health effects. In addition, some LAB are currently being assessed for their ability to act as live delivery vectors in the development of new oral vaccines.
NPK-lannoituksen vaikutus Pito-perunan satotekijöihin
Authors: Varis Eero
Published: July 2018

Tässä tutkimuksessa pyrittiin selvittämään NPK-lannoituksen vaikutustapaa Pito-perunan sadonmuodostukseen. Typpilannoitus lisäsi voimakkaasti perunan varsiston kasvua, mutta mukulasatoa ainoastaan käytettyyn N1-määrään, 100kg N/ha saakka. Myös juuriston paino kasvoi typpilannoitusta lisättäessä. Typpilannoitus hidasti mukulasadon kehitystä sekä lisäsi versojen ja mukuloiden lukumäärää. Sekä isojen että myös pienten mukuloiden osuudet muuttuivat osittain typpilannoitusta lisättäessä. Fosforilannoitus lisäsi sekä varsiston painoa että mukulasatoa suurimpaan käytettyyn määrään, 168kg P/ha, saakka. Fosforilannoitus lisäsi mukuloiden lukumäärää sekä nopeutti mukuloiden lisäkasvua. Kalilannoitus ei vaikuttanut satoon. Ainoastaan versojen määrä lisääntyi hiukan kalilannoitusta lisättäessä. Typellä ja fosforilla todettiin yhdysvaikutus usean ominaisuuden suhteen. Useimmissa tapauksissa saatiin edullisin tulos sopivalla NP-suhteella, mikä tässä tutkimuksessa oli N1P1 tai N2P2.
Using proximal soil sensors and fuzzy classification for mapping Amazonian Dark Earths
Authors: Söderström Mats , Isendahl Christian , Eriksson Jan , Araújo Suzana Romeiro , Rebellato Lilian , Schaan Denise Pahl , Stenborg Per
Published: July 2018

We tested if hand-carried field proximal soil sensing (PSS) can be used to map the distribution of anthropogenic Amazonian Dark Earths (ADE). ADE soils are rich in archaeological artefacts, nutrients, organic matter and carbon in the very stable form of pyrogenic carbon, also referred to as black carbon or biochar. To test the capacity of PSS to detect signature ADE properties we measured electrical conductivity (ECa), magnetic susceptibility (MSa) and gamma ray data by transect sampling and compared these readings, using fuzzy classification, with datasets on chemical soil properties from a 28 ha large study area located on the Belterra Plateau of the Lower Amazon in northern Brazil. Results indicate that ECa and MSa measurements were good indicators of ADE signatures, but that the gamma radiation sensor was less useful in the deeply weathered soils. PSS and fuzzy classification can be used for rapid field mapping of ADE for both agricultural and archaeological purposes.
Input saving possibilities and practices contributing to more efficient beef production in Sweden
Authors: Manevska-Tasevska Gordana , Hansson Helena , Rabinowicz Ewa
Published: July 2018

This study estimated the possibilities of reducing costs and improving input use in a sample of Swedish farms specialising in beef production. Input use efficiency was measured in a multi-output, multi-input function distance function analysis, covering the period 2008-2011. For comparison, both the classical radial and the generalised non-parametric approach were used. The results revealed that on average, costs could be decreased by 20%. Both models constructed frontiers where: i) the rankings of farms according to efficiency were positively and highly correlated and ii) the size and the significance of the parameter estimates were similar. Input-saving technologies were found to be positively influenced by livestock density, pasture availability and the use of coupled income support. Larger farms, farms with higher specialisation in beef cattle, farms with a larger number of animals older than 2 years, farms converting to organic production, farms located in less favoured areas and farms located in regions with a shorter grazing period were found be less efficient.
Kontroversi Hukum Asuransi: Studi tentang Argumentasi Mustafa Ahmad al-Zarqa dalam Pembolehan Asuransi
Authors: Hasanudin Hasanudin
Published: July 2018

Insurance came to the Islamic world around the 19th century AD. As long as the insurance law in Islam is concerned, the contemporary Islamic scholars are divided into three groups. First, scholars who allow it absolutely; secondly, the ulama who forbid it absolutely; and thirdly, scholars who legalize social insurance and forbid commercial insurance. One of the contemporary scholars who justifies insurance is Muá¹£á¹­afÄ Aá¸¥mad al-ZarqÄ', a prominent Islamic scholar of á¸¤anafi from Syria. The findings of this study are that in the perspective of Islamic legal theory the arguments of al-ZarqÄÊ¼ can be justified. The theory of Islamic law used by al-ZarqÄ' in examining insurance is the theory of ijtihad bi ar-ra'y by istiá¹£á¸¥ÄbÄ« and ta'lÄ«l methods. Al-Zarqa' views that insurance is a new contract that does not exist in Islamic jurisprudence. Every Muslim is allowed to create new contracts that have not existed before as long as there is no prohibition against them. Al-ZarqÄÊ¼ analogize the insurance with the existing contracts in Islamic jurisprudence, among which is the contract of muwaÌ„laÌ„h from Hanafite school of law, dÌ£amaÌ„n khatÌ£r al-á¹­ariÌ„q from Hanafites, al-iltizaÌ„m wa al-waâ€™d al-mulzim in Malikites, and al-â€˜aÌ„qilah in Syafiâ€™ites.
Urgensi Ilmu Kedokteran Islam dengan Hukum Islam (Studi Identifikasi Deoxrybo Nucleic Acid (DNA) terhadap Sepersusuan)
Authors: Manzil Liâ€™izza Diana
Published: July 2018

One sign of the rapidly growing world of medical science is its success in making one discovery about Deoxrybo Nucleid Acid (DNA). Islam does not prohibit the practice of DNA identification because it can be used in determining the legal status of relative relationships and related marital prohibitions among families because of the similarity of DNA genes between parents and their children. In Islam marriage prohibition can also occur between brothers and sisters. DNA identification can be done between siblings as a result of the presence of gene elements in breast milk. In addition, breast milk can also develop bone and grow meat if breastfeeding at least five times suction. But the results of DNA tests conducted between siblings cannot be more accurate if done to find relationships of parents and children. From this it clearly proves that Islamic medicine has an urgent value to Islamic law. This can be seen from one of its axiology in determining the status of brotherhood.
Qaul Al-Mukhtar Al-Nawawi sebagai Pendapat Alternatif Muslim Nusantara
Authors: Kudhori Muhammad
Published: July 2018

The spreading of Syafiâ€™ite school of law in Indonesia until now has a long history in the process of Islamic transmission in the country. Islam entered into Indonesian archipelago through the merchants in the seventh century. However, the dispersion of Islam could not run smoothly before Wali Songo emerged in Indonesian society at the fifteenth century. In this era, Islam could be received and absorbed widely by the Indonesians. The Islamic school of law that is brought by Wali Songo is Syafiâ€™ite. Even most of Muslims in Indonesia follow Syafiâ€™ite school of law, in the real life including in their daily prayers and trade activities, they are not use this school entirely. One of the reasons why this school is not practiced by Muslims fully is difficult to practice. The existence of Qaul al-MukhtaÌ„r of al-NawawiÌ„ can be an alternative way for the followers of this school of law that is difficult in practicing one of his opinions. Besides its strong arguments, Qaul al-Mukhtar of al- NawawiÌ„ is not really out from the rule of Syafiâ€™ite school of law. In addition, it is representation of Fikih al-Muyassar (simplifed fiqh) concept for Muslim in Indonesia. Therefore, the follower of Syafiâ€™ite school of law in Indonesia can feel easy and peace in practicing Islam.
Pelaksanaan Tindak Pidana Pemerkosaan (Studi Komparasi antara Hukum Islam dan Qanun Jinayat di Aceh)
Authors: Nurhayati Nurhayati
Published: July 2018

Rape is a sexual crime that indicates highly enough rate in Indonesia. Rape according to the view of Islamic law is different from adultery. Adultery is sexual intercourses between man and woman without legal marriage and carried out consciously on the basis of mutual needs. Rape is not doing of just sexual intercourse but it has additional element that is carried out with force, violence or threats. Sanctions against rapists according to Islamic law is exactly the same as the act of adultery that is stoning and damping. Such sanctions apply only to rapists and not to the victim. Acehâ€™s QaÌ„nuÌ„n on JinaÌ„yat (criminal) law for the people is regulated in Regional Regulation (PERDA) No. 6 of 2014. QaÌ„nuÌ„n JinaÌ„yat for the people of Aceh is a unity of  criminal law formed based on Islamic Shari'ah values â€‹â€‹derived from the Qurâ€™an and HÌ£adiÌ„sÌ‡. According to QaÌ„nuÌ„n JinaÌ„yat Aceh, everyone doing sexual rape crime is threatened with â€˜uquÌ„bat taâ€™ziÌ„r which in its application there is a difference of punishment  with what is in the view of  Islamic law.
Ijtihad Ibn Qayyim Al-Jawziyyah dan al-Maqasid al-Juz'iyyah: Refleksi Penyelesaian Kasus Hukum Islam
Authors: Nofialdi Nofialdi
Published: July 2018

The understanding of a mujtahid toward maqÄá¹£id al-syariÌ„Ê»ah becomes something urgent and significant, since ijtihad must be able to realize benefits, which is the substance of maqÄá¹£id al-syariÌ„Ê»ah both in the general scale (â€˜Ämmah), special (khÄá¹£á¹£ah), as well as in scale for specific cases (juz`iyyah). Ibn Qayyim, for example, in most cases is very concerned about maqÄá¹£id al-syariÌ„'ah, which one of its parts is al-maqÄá¹£id al-juzâ€™iyyah. In the case of the necessity of cleaning urine trails, specifically (juz'Ä«) it is not required to the urine of baby boys. This clearly shows that Ibn Qayyim is very concerned about al-maqÄá¹£id al-juzâ€™iyyah, because it is difficult to clean urine traces of baby boys so that it is not required to clean it up but simply by splashing water on the traces. Likewise in other cases, such as the necessity of ablution after eating camel meat, which is not required to be other than camel meat, the sale and purchase of salam (order) and the waiting period of women left behind, also shows that Ibn Qayyim is very concerned with the realization of al-maqÄá¹£id al-juzâ€™iyyah in establishing the law .
Algo más sobre lectores y lecturas de El juguete rabioso, de Roberto Arlt
Authors: Servelli Martín
Published: July 2018

Las lecturas de Silvio Astier, protagonista de El juguete rabioso, han propiciado numerosos abordajes críticos en los que prevalece el carácter bovarista del personaje y la falta de capital cultural de su autor. Pero un inventario de citas y referencias literarias y culturales que incluya a todos los personajes revela una biblioteca heterogénea y ecléctica, una mezcla desprejuiciada que encarna la experiencia de lectura del nuevo público en la urbe moderna. A contramano de ciertas lecturas críticas que resaltan las carencias simbólicas de Arlt a través de sus personajes, el análisis da cuenta de una auténtica democratización del acceso a la lectura, donde la cultura popular impone sus propias tácticas y desvíos respecto del sistema literario nacional.
Relação entre duas equações do índice de massa corporal em mulheres / Relationship between two equations of the body mass index in women
Authors: Souza William Cordeiro de , Smolarek André de Camargo , Rebesco Denise Barth , Grzelczak Marcos Tadeu , Lima Valderi Abreu de , Mascarenhas Luis Paulo Gomes
Published: July 2018

Objetivo: Relacionar duas equações do método antropométrico do Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC) proposto por Quételet e Trefethen em mulheres. Métodos: A amostra foi constituída por 222 mulheres do município de Canoinhas/SC, com idades entre 18 e 49 anos. Para as medidas antropométricas foi avaliada a massa corporal e a estatura. Por meio dos dados obtidos foi calculado o IMC utilizando às fórmulas: Quételet= (kg/m2) e Trefethen= (1,3*kg/m2,5). Na análise dos dados realizou-se a estatística descritiva, o fator de correlação de Pearson (r) foi realizado para verificar a relação entre os métodos e o teste de Bland-Altman foi utilizado para verificar a concordância entre as equações. Foi adotado um nível de significância de p<0,05. Resultados: Foi encontrada uma relação muito forte e significante (r= 0,98; p= <0,001) com intervalo de confiança (IC 95% = 0,93-0,99) e concordância entre as equações do IMC. Conclusão: A equação do IMC de Trefethen apresentou associação muito forte e significante com a equação IMC de Quételet em mulheres.AbstractObjective: To relate two equations of the anthropometric method of the Body Mass Index (BMI) proposed by Quételet and Trefethen in women. Methods: The sample consisted of 222 women from the municipality of Canoinhas/SC, aged between 18 and 49 years. For the anthropometric measures body mass and height were evaluated. By means of the data obtained, the BMI was calculated using the formulas: Quételet= (kg/m2) and Trefethen= (1,3*kg/m2,5). In the data analysis, descriptive statistics were performed, the Pearson correlation coefficient (r) was performed to verify the relationship between the methods and the Bland-Altman test was used to verify the concordance between the equations. A significance level of p <0.05 was adopted. Results: A very strong and significant relationship was found (r= 0.98, p= <0.001) with a confidence interval (95% CI= 0.93-0.99) and concordance between the BMI equations. Conclusion: The BMI equation of Trefethen showed a very strong and significant association with the BMI equation of Quételet in women.
Pengaruh Model Problem Based Learning Terhadap Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Peserta Didik Pada Materi Kalor
Authors: Al-Fikry Izzah , Yusrizal Yusrizal , Syukri Muhammad
Published: July 2018

Studi ini bertujuan untuk menentukan pengaruh model Problem Based Learning (PBL) terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis (KBK) peserta didik pada materi kalor. Metode yang digunakan adalah quasi experimental dengan pretest-posttest control group design. Populasi pada penelitian ini yaitu seluruh peserta didik kelas X MIA dan sampelnya peserta didik kelas X MIA-2 dan X MIA-3 yang dipilih secara purposive sampling. Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan tes pilihan ganda beralasan sebanyak 15 soal. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan program microsoft excel. Hasil akhir menunjukkan bahwa nilai rata-rata kelas eksperimen lebih tinggi dari kelas kontrol yaitu 92,32 dan 74,41. Hasil perhitungan N-gain diperoleh rata-rata pada kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol adalah 86,59 dan 52,94. Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa model PBL secara signifikan lebih baik dalam meningkatkan KBK peserta didik dibandingkan model konvensional.
Is there clinical value in counting nucleated red blood cells and platelet indices in primary immunodeficiency disease?
Authors: Ekici-Günay Nahide , Çakır Işıl , Çelik Taylan
Published: July 2018

Infections are the most common presentation of primary immunodeficiency diseases (PIDs). The increase of nucleated red blood cell (NRBC) count is interpreted as a systemic inflammatory response. Platelets play an important role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory disease. The relationship of platelet indices (PIs) and disease activity have been demonstrated in various inflammatory diseases. The aims of this study was to evaluate and compare NRBC and platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR), PIs [mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), platelet large cell ratio (PLCR)] with a possible indirect inflammatory marker in children with PIDs. Data were recorded retrospectively from 66 PIDs patients, < 16 years of age. The relationships between peripheral NRBC, C-reactive protein (CRP) and PIs were analyzed. NRBC was positively correlated with CRP (p < 0.037), white blood cells (WBC) (p < 0.020), PLR (p < 0.044), PDW (p < 0.037) and PLCR (p < 0.001) and it was negatively correlated with platelet distribution width (PDW) (p < 0.036) in PIDs patients. A cutoff level of 0.80% NRBC, ≥15.55% PDW, ≥8.65 MPV and ≥43.67 PLR showed the best performance to predict PIDs, with 81% sensitivity, 27% specificity; 61% sensitivity, 37% specificity; 70% sensitivity, 43% specificity; 54% sensitivity, 40% specificity, respectively. Our results suggested that these indices may be used as auxillary diagnostic markers of PIDs with positive NRBC, showing more meaningful results than those known as the traditional infection markers for PIDs prediction. Elevated NRBC and MPV and low PDW are associated with infections and could be helpfull in the early diagnostic susception of PIDs. They can be used as rapidly accessible parameters for awareness of PIDs. These markers are easy to use in daily practice and without extra costs.
First manifestation of citrullinemia type I as Sandifer syndrome
Authors: Kılıç Mustafa , Altınel-Açoğlu Esma , Zorlu Pelin , Yüksel Deniz , Bülbül Selda , Haeberle Johannes
Published: July 2018

We report an eleven-month-old infant girl who presented as Sandifer syndrome clinically but was later diagnosed with citrullinemia type I. Metabolic evaluation and molecular analysis confirmed the correct diagnosis. Despite the fact that many patients are already known in the literature, this is the first report of a Sandifer syndrome-like presentation of citrullinemia type I. This paper suggests that suspicion of Sandifer syndrome should also lead to inclusion of urea cycle disorders in the list of differential diagnoses.
A rare cause of abdominal pain: Ectopic ovary and intestinal malrotation
Authors: Altınay-Kırlı Elif , Özcan Rahşan , Öncül Mahmut , Özmen Evrim , Eliçevik Mehmet , Büyükünal Cenk , Emir Haluk , Topuzlu-Tekant Gonca
Published: July 2018

Ectopic ovary is a rare anomaly that can be associated with unicornuate uterus and renal anomalies. Intestinal rotational anomalies are failure of normal rotation and this arrest in development can predispose to develop a malfixated midgut that is a risk factor for volvulus and significant morbidity and mortality especially in early childhood. Cyclic abdominal pain is a common symptom for both of two distinct pathologies in adolescent ages. Here, we report a case of unicornuate uterus together with right ectopic ovary and intestinal malrotation.
Cavernous sinus thrombosis in a 14-year old boy
Authors: Mokgacha Kabelo , Maruza Monde P , Sesay Sheikh O , Rwegerera Godfrey M
Published: July 2018

Cavernous sinus thrombosis (CST) is a rare, life-threatening disorder occurring as a result of sepsis or secondary to aseptic causes in the setting of a thrombophilic disorder that has over the years been linked to high morbidity and mortality rates; this being despite availability of a wide number of new broad-spectrum antibiotics. We present a case of a 14-year old boy who had presented with two weeks` duration of worsening bitemporal headache followed by facial swelling on the background history of chronic non-specific headache of few months duration. He was diagnosed to have cavernous sinus thrombosis secondary to pansinusitis. The course of his illness was complicated by a stroke despite prompt treatment with antibiotics and anticoagulation. The case highlights the importance of high index of suspicion in patients with unexplained headache and need for investigation and early referral to prevent occurrence of cavernous sinus thrombosis.
Non-epileptic paroxysmal events in early childhood and role of EEG: A single center experience
Authors: KIRIK Serkan , ÖZKARS Mehmet Yaşar
Published: July 2018

Aim: Non-epileptic paroxysmal
events are the most frequently movement disorders mimicking epilepsy. Our aim
in this article is to increase awareness among physicians by sharing our clinical
experience; to reduce unnecessary anti-epileptic use and the number of
examinations.Methods: In total73 patients were
included in the study. Patients were evaluated according to detailed anamnesis,
video recordings, laboratory findings and electroencephalography (EEG)
findings.Results: The most common
diagnosis in patients involved in the study was breath holding spells. The
youngest age group was benign sleeping myoclonus. None of the patients had
epileptiform activity in the EEG.

Conclusion: Non-epileptic
paroxysmal events commonly involve the unnecessary use of anti-epileptic
medications due to mimicking of epilepsy. This study has shown that detailed
anamnesis, EEG findings, and increasing use of mobile phone video reduce
unnecessary treatment and examination in these patients.
UPAYA HUKUM YANG DILAKUKAN KORBAN KEJAHATAN DIKAJI DARI PERSPEKTIF SISTEM PERADILAN PIDANA DALAM PUTUSAN MAHKAMAH AGUNG RI
Authors: Mulyadi Lilik
Published: July 2018

Positive Legal Indonesia provides protection against crime victims who are not directly in the Penal Code, Criminal Procedure Code, as well as outside the Criminal Code and Criminal Procedure Code. Later in the Code of Criminal Procedure formulatif policies and by laws to understanding the victim used different terminology, namely the complainant, the complainant, witnesses, interested third parties and the injured party. In practice, the request made by the applicant with the PK as the quality of the witnesses, interested third parties, the Legal Adviser or by the Public Prosecutor and apparently only remedy reconsideration made by the Public Prosecutor and Third Party concerned (Judicial Review Decision No. 4 PK / PID/2000 November 28 2001), which was granted by the Supreme Court while the petition for judicial review filed applicant witnesses (Judicial Review Decision No. 11 PK/PID/2003 August 6, 2003), or the reporting witness stated by the Supreme Court was not accepted by because the applicant is not qualified to appeal judicial review. From the theoretical dimension turns doing different interpretations of the Supreme Court as provided Art. 263 paragraph (1) Criminal Procedure Code that the applicant is granted a judicial review conducted by the Public Prosecutor and the Third Party concerned on the one hand while on the other side of the applicant's application for judicial review of quality reporting victims or witnesses can not be accepted. Keywords: remedies, victims of crime, judicial review
EKSISTENSI PENGADILAN PAJAK DALAM SISTEM PERADILAN DI INDONESIA
Authors: Rumadan Ismail
Published: July 2018

The existence of the tax court in Indonesia as a judicial institution that is specialy expected to play a role in resolving settlement of tax disputes for those seeking justice. However, its existence has not been in line with the justice system one roof in Indonesia as mandated by the 1945 Constitution. Tax court over a regime of taxation law, not a regime of law on Judicial Power. There is not an appeal or cassation resulting tax court decision does not reflect the lack of legal certainty and a sense of justice for the people seeking justice. These conditions lead to the control of the implementation of the Tax Court is very weak. Keywords: Tax Court, Justice System, Rule of Law, Justice.
KERJASAMA BIDANG PERADILAN ANTAR NEGARA DALAM RANGKA UPAYA PENYERAGAMAN PRANATA HUKUM ANTAR BANGSA
Authors: Suparman Eman
Published: July 2018

Applicability of the rules of the positive law of a country is limited by territorial boundaries that country. While the legal relationship that lasted between members of the community of nations always occurs and exceeds the limits of the territorial sovereignty of the state law. Therefore, the national law of the countries should continue to be pursued in order to be able to answer a variety of transnational issues that exist. The effort is certainly not intended to be uniform throughout the internal legal system of sovereign states, but merely an attempt to harmonize the rules of international private law. While problem solving for issues specific civil law will be made by the judicial bodies of each country. In order to accommodate this reality, is a conditio sine qua non for Indonesia to consider measures to make international agreements in order to enrich the rules of civil procedure law court. The problem, at least to face the coming force of AFTA in the ASEAN region should be harmonization between the legal systems of the individual ASEAN member countries. If not, the difficulty for the difficulties to be faced every country, when the demands of the right form of execution verdict handed down in a country can not be implemented in other sovereign nations. The situation is certainly less beneficial terms of economic cooperation. Therefore, the establishment of a model law for a convention in the form of the ever pursued by countries in the European region, reasonably considered to be a model in drafting the ASEAN convention. At least these efforts will support the objective of allied countries to achieve harmonization of laws between countries in the ASEAN region. Keywords: cooperation in judicial, legal institutions, harmonization
PERAN AKADEMISI DALAM PEMBERIAN BANTUAN HUKUM BAGI MASYARAKAT KURANG MAMPU DI INDONESIA
Authors: Ridwan Ridwan
Published: July 2018

Every citizen of Indonesia, of course longing for a fast, simple and low cost judicial process. This may be done everyone has an access to justice without any exception. These conditions have been realized by the Constitutional Court decision that had to cancel Article 31 of Law Number 18 Year 2003 on Advocates, because the article is considered contrary to the Constitution of 1945 and has no binding legal force. However, the implementation of the Constitutional Court ruling will not necessarily be implemented, because in practice there are still debates among law enforcer (police, prosecutors, judges, lawyers) even academics about the legal standing of the law lecturer who perform service in the form of assistance to disadvantaged communities who are dealing with legal issues. This condition is caused by a lack of positive response to the Constitutional Court, and the lack of response is due to the lack of legal resources by extracting the part of law enforcement and academics for a growing source of law. Kata Kunci: Decision, Constitutional Court, law enforcer, academics, citizen , Justice.
Evaluasi Atas Implementasi Pasal 45A UU Mahkamah Agung
Authors: Asril Asril , Prasidi Dimas
Published: July 2018

The high of arrears cases at the Supreme Court in the early 2000s pushed through the Blueprint for Reform Supreme Court in 2003 to require the regulation limiting the appeal court in law. The request was eventually fulfilled in part by the Parliament and the Government. In 2004 the Parliament and the Government to revise Law. 14 of 1985 on the Supreme Court through Law no. 5 of 2004. In law there is a set of 3 (three) types of cases that can not be appealed, the pretrial, the threat of criminal criminal highest 1 year in prison and a case in which the decision of the State Administrative TUN officials disputed that its range is only in the area. But after the law was passed that the case turns into flows MA instead of decreasing but increasing. Many factors are causing the higher the current case, but an evaluation of the effectiveness of regulations limiting case still deemed necessary. This study is intended for this purpose. In this simple study researchers tried to test some of the provisions limiting case, that restrictions on criminal cases the threat of criminal highest 1 year in prison and / or fines. Keywords: Evaluation, Implementation, Supreme Court
QUO VADIS PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP KORBAN MELALUI RESTITUSI (Perspektif Filsafat, Teori, Norma dan Praktek Penerapannya)
Authors: Suhariyanto Budi
Published: July 2018

Restitution is a form of legal protection form for victims of victim recovery oriented. Normatively, on the positive law, restitution has not been cooperated well yet. Consequenly, the application of the restitution had a problem, specifically unsynchronized legal structure. Under the integrated criminal justice system perspective, legal structure and legal substance disharmony need to be reorganized (regulated). A fundamental arrangement will be done by rephylosophy some punishment, than make restitution become a prinsipal (main)criminal and giving a new position for the victim to the later integrated criminal justice system based on the phylosophy of restoratifjustice. Keywords: legal protection, victims, restitution.
ANTARA BEZITSRECHT DAN EIGENDOMRECHT: Kajian Tentang Hak Atas Tanah Oleh Penduduk
Authors: Juwono Harto
Published: July 2018

Nowadays, land ownership's issues become complicated and often result in conflict to nation, either individually or groups (mass). Lack of clarity of the status of the land requires a historical approach to the study of the legal regulation of land that changed following regime, which resulted in changes to the rights and status of land ownership. Results of this study concluded that the problems came out from an incomprehensive notice from the regulator/government, in order to clarify which regime used by now. Most of the people are sticking with the understanding of property rights (bezitzrecht) or tenure (beschikkingsrecht) of land, which is different from the concept of land title rights (eigendom). Therefore, the Government is expected to socialize the concept of land title rights (eigendom) and other present land rights so the conflicts will decrease or subside. Keyword: property rights (bezitzrecht), land title rights (eigendom), regulation history
EKSISTENSI HUKUM PIDANA ADAT DI INDONESIA : Pengkajian Asas, Norma, Teori, Praktik dan Prosedurnya
Authors: Mulyadi Lilik
Published: July 2018

Existence of indigenous Indonesian criminal law examined from the perspective of normative (ius constitutum) set forth in Article 18 B of the 1945 Amendment, Article 1, Article 5 paragraph (3) sub B Drt Law No. 1 of 1951, Article 5 paragraph (1), Article 10 paragraph (1) and Article 50 paragraph (1) of Law No. 48 of 2009. Then partial in certain areas such as Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam stipulated in Law No. 44 of 1999, Act No. 11 of 2006, the next is implemented in the form of Qanun both provincial and district levels. Next in Bali set up and implemented in the form of Awig - Awig Village People (Pakraman) as well as from the perspective of ius constituendum set out in Article 2 paragraph (1), (2) of the RUU KUHP of 2012. Then the level of principle set Ciwasasana book or book Purwadhigama, Book of Gajah Mada, Simbur Cahaya, Book Kuntara Raja Niti, Book Lontara 'ade' and Awig awig. In addition, examined from the perspective of theory, practice and procedures found in the form jurisprudence Mahkamah Agung RI as Putusan Mahkamah Agung RI No. 42 K/Kr/1966 Tanggal 8 Januari 1966, Putusan Mahkamah Agung RI No. 275 K/Pid/1983 tanggal 29 Desember 1983 and sanctions adat (traditional medicine) for recovery of the balance essentially magical nature, the cosmos recovery to restore the disturbed balance in order to be religio magic back. Later in the study of criminal law the existence of indigenous Indonesian criminal law is at the level of dogmatic law, legal theory and philosophy of law. Therefore customary criminal law holistically animates all levels of law in the practice of law so that the existence of the law - dimensional nature of criminal law is undoubtedly indigenous capabilities as a characteristic practice of law in Indonesia. Keywords: criminal law customary, traditional sanctions, as well as the principles, norms, theories, practices and procedures
PENAFSIRAN HAKIM TERHADAP KETENTUAN PIDANA MINIMUM KHUSUS DALAM UNDANG-UNDANG TINDAK PIDANA KORUPSI
Authors: Rumadan Ismail
Published: July 2018

The spirit of the rule of law against corruption which is considered as an extraordinary crime that resulted in the occurrence of social inequality , the economy , the loss of faith in government and a variety of other problems that led to the birth of Law No. 31 of 1999 in conjunction with the Law No. 20 Year 2001 About Follow Corruption. The interesting thing about the formation of the Anti- Corruption Act is a criminal provision in the formulation of minimum deliknya against perpetrators of corruption . It is certainly different from the general criminal provisions in the draft Criminal Law (Penal Code) which is more familiar maximum penal provision . The results showed that the minimum pinadana special provisions in the law of corruption can be breached so long as the judge has the legal resening or residenti proper ratio to a corruption case by looking at the size scale of the corruption case with consideration and interpretation of the patterns perspective, social - justice, moral justice and community justice decision was taken to drop the minimum punishment. Criminal punishment under the criminal provisions of the special minimum in some court decisions can be made by several criteria into consideration the provisions of the criminal judges deviate minimum, the criteria of the element of state assets or state economy as a result of the acts of corruption tiundak and criteria of the role and position of the defendant in acts of corruption. Keywords: Interpretation of judges , a special minimum criminal , corruption
ASAS KEPASTIAN HUKUM DAN ASAS KEBEBASAN BERKONTRAK SEBAGAI PERTIMBANGAN UTAMA DALAM PENYELESAIAN SENGKETA PERBANKAN SYARIAH (Kajian Yuridis Putusan MK Nomor 93/PUU-X/2012)
Authors: Hudiata Edi
Published: July 2018

Since the verdict of the Constitutional Court (MK) Number 93/PUU-X/2012 pronounced on Thursday, August 29, 2013, concerning the judicial review of Law No. 21 of 2008 on Islamic Banking, it is no longer dualism dispute resolution. The verdict as well as strengthen the jurisdiction of Religious Court to resolve Islamic banking disputes. In consideration of the judges, judges agreed stating that Article 55 paragraph (2) and (3) of Law No. 21 of 2008 which is an ideal norm, contains no constitutional problems. The problem is the explanation of the constitutional article 55 paragraph (2) of the Act. The emergence of the Constitutional Court verdict No. 93/PUU-X/2012 which substantially states that the explanation of Article 55 paragraph (2) of Law No. 21 of 2008 does not have binding force, basically does not violate the principle of freedom of contract which is common in contract law. The parties are allowed to make a dispute resolution agreement out of religious court based on provisions as Act No. 30 of 1999 on Arbitration and Alternative Dispute Resolution. Keywords: dispute resolution, legal certainty and the principle of freedom of contract
MENGGAGAS KONSEP DAN MODEL IDEAL PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP WHISTLEBLOWER DAN JUSTICE COLLABORATOR DALAM UPAYA PENANGGULANGAN ORGANIZED CRIME DI INDONESIA MASA MENDATANG
Authors: Mulyadi Lilik
Published: July 2018

Practice of whistleblower and justice collaborator law protection especially in the effort to destroy the organized crime in Holland, germany and Australia to institution and the protect orientation is variatif and partial. Protection practice in Holland uses witness agreements, it is the agreement between the public prosecutor and witness to give the testimony with reward especially to organized crime. In Germany, trough Witness Protection Law In Process Criminal Investigation and Protection Against Victims (Zeugenschutzgesetz/ZschG). Essentially, Zeugenschutzgesetz/ZschG rules the dimention for the witnesses, both witnesses and not the victims. Besides, it is also ruled about rights issues witnesses before the trial and during the trial process. On the aspect of witness rights before the trial include the examination of witnesses in the policemen and prosecution, the secret of witness identity and the changes of witness identity. Then, the witness right in the trial are separated examination of the suspect and inspection with a camera recording. Then in Australia trough the National witness Protection Program with a secret identity, no responsibility in criminal and civil, the protection from the defamation, the protection from criminal acts of retaliation and conditionalprotection if their names are published to the media.Keywords: Law Protection, whistleblower, justice collaborator and organized crime
RANCANGAN UNDANG-UNDANG MAHKAMAH AGUNG (RUU MA) : PENGKAJIAN FILOSOFI, SEJARAH, ASAS, NORMA DALAM DINAMIKA PERKEMBANGAN KETATANEGARAAN INDONESIA
Authors: Bhakti Teguh Satya
Published: July 2018

Parliament proposed initiative to change back the bill MA for three (3) foundation: first, the desire of the House to form a Supreme Court that can carry kekusaan judiciary to realize the state of law and achieve the objectives of the state, second, the Law on the current MA , seen there are still weaknesses. Third, awareness of the need for harmonization and synchronization with the MA bill to be prepared with due regard to the interests of law enforcement and justice must be directly in line with the interests of law and public justice. According to the analysis, the substance of the bill by parliament yet the Supreme Court in accordance with the principles of independent judicial power, especially concerning: First, the House Oversight Against MA; Second, the Supreme Court decision setting tengang substance (Article 97), which not only violates the independency of the judiciary, but also waives the rule of law; Third, criminalization judge if the judge violated or ignored the Article 94 jo. Article 96; Fourth, the organizational structure of the secretariat of the Supreme Court (Article 35) causes a buildup of duties, functions and authority of the Secretariat tremendous MA; Fifth, the Material Test Procedure Law Rights (Article 90 paragraph (8)) are not further described; Sixth, Room Sharing Case that cause fattening of human resources in the rate and with the same duties and functions by the Clerk of the Supreme Court; and Seventh, Minimum Age Limits for Supreme Court Justices. Keywords: Bill, the Supreme Court, constitutional development
PROBLEMATIKA PELAKSANAAN KEKUASAAN KEHAKIMAN (Dalam Konteks Pelaksanaan Fungsi Check and Balances System)
Authors: Rumadan Ismail
Published: July 2018

Efforts to support the creation of an independent judiciary as a constitutional mandate in its development has held several changes to the Judicial Authority Law, the last change is the Act Nomber 48 of 2009 on Judicial Authority. But these changes, when studied in depth is still set aside some very fundamental issues. The first is related to the function of law enforcement in the context of the criminal justice system. This concept requires that the law enforcement process should be integrated into a system of justice, but in fact the process of criminal justice, police and prosecutors are in a different scope of judicial power, so that the position can thus be ensured in the intervention process should be independent of law enforcement and free from any influence. The second problem is, of externally monitoring the functioning of the judicial power, which formally made by the Judicial Commission and the desired control by Parliament (as in the draft of the Supreme Court). Supervision models run by Judicial Commission nor desired by the House very serious effect on the performance of the functions of the judicial authorities even add complexity implementation of judicial power function itself, so that the implementation of judicial power considered not able to guarantee legal certainty and justice for litigants. This paper is limited to the study of these two issues in order to reinforce our commitment to build a sound administration of justice and independent in order to provide access to justice for all people and a healthy justice will only be realized in a reciprocal relationship between the environment and the environmental justice community. Keywords: The Judiciary, Law Enforcement
Biotecnologia: influência na dignidade humana e a necessidade de sua regulamentação
Authors: Almeida Lorena Nascimento Ramos de , Cruz Álvaro Ricardo de Souza
Published: July 2018

O presente trabalho visa estudar influência da biotecnologia – sobretudo pela técnica da eugenia – na dignidade humana, de forma que consigamos traçar uma perspectiva sobre a necessidade de regulamentação do exercício desta tecnologia e, se tal normatização deve seguir um viés restritivo ou liberal de sistematização. Após tal delimitação, buscaremos determinar alguns dos desafios que serão enfrentados pelo ente normatizador com a finalidade de evitar os percalços que a eugenia positiva possa trazer à dignidade humana. Para tal objetivo científico, procederemos um estudo qualitativo do tipo exploratório, com base no levantamento bibliográfico do tema controvertido, tomando como ponto de partida a discussão entre Ronald Dworkin e Jürgen Habermas.
Uma proposta de discussão da relação entre desenvolvimento humano e a eficácia horizontal dos direitos fundamentais preponderantes em alguns países democráticos ocidentais
Authors: Lemos Junior Eloy Pereira , Oliveira Leonardo Alexandre Tadeu Constant de
Published: July 2018

Este artigo se propôs, a partir da pesquisa teórico-bibliográfica, a expor as principais teorias sobre o efeito horizontal das normas de direito fundamental e a expor sua correlação com o desenvolvimento de alguns países ocidentais considerados democráticos. O desenvolvimento tido com base nos indicativos do Índice de Desenvolvimento Humano – IDH pelo PNUD/ONU, foi utilizado no método comparativo, de forma a tentar correlacionar a eficácia horizontal dos direitos fundamentais com o nível de desenvolvimento geral destes países, especificamente no que concerne a sua visão histórica sobre a autonomia privada e o permissivo a sua limitação pelos direitos fundamentais nas relações privadas.
Discurso neoliberal e a precarização do mundo justrabalhista: a necessária humanização das técnicas
Authors: Coelho Tavares da Silva Juliana , Tavares da Silva Paulo Henrique , Baroni Cecato Maria Aurea
Published: July 2018

O artigo tem como objetivo fazer um diálogo entre o direito civil humanizado e o direito do trabalho, a fim de repensar a proteção contratual do trabalho dentro de um paradigma neoliberal e de precarização da mão-de-obra. Discute-se a possibilidade do Direito do Trabalho contemporâneo se apropriar das novas construções teóricas do Direito Civil humanizado buscando rediscutir os paradigmas contratuais trabalhistas, a fim de enfrentar os desafios postos a partir do discurso neoliberal modernizante da legislação trabalhista em tempos de crise econômica.
N.A. Rubakin, the Great Man of Book, in Letters and Memoirs
Authors: Briskman T. Y.
Published: July 2018

The article presents an overview of the published and unpublished correspondence and memoirs of Nikolay Alexandrovich Rubakin, the outstanding Russian bibliologist, library scientist, bibliographer, educator and writer, whose versatile work and activities occupy the prominent place in the history of Russian culture and spiritual life of Russia in the second half of the 19th — the first half of the 20th century. The relevance of the appeal to the personality and creative heritage of N.A. Rubakin is defined by his role in studying the problems of reading and reader. In the context of the development of modern information society, the reading is of great importance in the development of spiritual and creative abilities of individual. There is highlighted the role of N.A. Rubakin in the history of the Russian State Library. The letters and memoirs are considered as documentary and historical sources containing unique biographical information. In the overview there is given their substantial characteristics and special purpose. Publications presented in the Biobibliographic Index “Nikolay Rubakin (1862—1946)”, published in the “Pashkov Dom” Publishing House of the Russian State Library in 2012, as well as the materials revealed after publication of the Index, are combined into a single array. The article gives many excerpts from the letters and memoirs, illustrating various events and facts from the life of N.A. Rubakin, which were not represented in the Indexes. There are determined the groups of his correspondents; and identified different archives holding his correspondence. Memoirs type materials, their connection with publication of the correspondence are characterized. There is revealed their potential for further research and detailed description with the purpose of introducing into the scientific circulation of new information about the life and activities of N.A. Rubakin..