bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Les propriétés de la Couronne et de l’Eglise dans l’empire Byzantin (ve-vie siècles)
Authors: Kaplan Michel
Published: April 2021

Ce second volume de « Byzantina Sorbonensia » répond à la nécessité de donner sous la forme scientifique adéquate la documentation indispensable à l’étude d’un problème important ou d’un domaine précis. Dans notre cas, il s’agit de la fortune impériale, question à tous égards intéressante, dont l’examen doit être étayé par des documents officiels, telles, par exemple, les dispositions impériales se référant à l’organisation, à la gestion et à la nature même des biens relevant de la couronne.

Michel Kaplan a su, grâce à sa thèse « La grande propriété dans l’Empire byzantin (vie-viie siècles) : l’État et l’Église », étudier avec bonheur le fonctionnement des institutions qui se rattachent à la fortune impériale, tels la « res privata », le « Patrimonios », la « domus » et les maisons divines en général. Il a dégagé avec clarté les traits de la tâche des fonctionnaires qui assurent l’entretien et l’exploitation, l’économie, dirait-on, des biens de la couronne ; il a présenté avec minutie la diversité d’origine de ces biens ; il a pu enfin avancer des hypothèses souvent convaincantes sur le rôle économique et social des grands domaines ainsi que sur les méthodes d’exploitation ; utilisation d’intermédiaires, personnel chargé de l’exploitation directe, forme des contrats et des baux, obligations réciproques des contractants, etc. D’autres problèmes sont esquissés, sans être résolus d’une manière satisfaisante, tels le statut des terres conquises ou la différence entre terre de la couronne et terre de l’État, pour ne citer que les plus controversés. Toute étude dans ce domaine épineux se doit de prendre un appui solide sur des sources de valeur incontestée.

Le présent volume offre justement cet appui à ceux qui voudront continuer l’examen des fondements du régime agraire et par là de l’économie de Byzance. On comprend pourquoi cet ouvrage bénéficie de l’aide du CNRS, ce dont, en tant que Directeur de la collection, je ne peux que me féliciter ; cette aide témoigne à mon sens de la qualité du présent volume, dont l’utilité me semble évidente.
Effect of Preventive Maintenance on Machine Reliability in a Beverage Packaging Plant
Authors: Ben Jacob , Mohamed Aezeden O. , Muduli Kamalakanta
Published: April 2021

This paper investigates the effect of preventive maintenance on the reliabilities of devices in a bottling plant. Six months of real-time maintenance data were analyzed quantitatively. Based on the breakdown events obtained for each machine, mean time between failure (MTBF), mean time to repair (MTTR), and failure rate (λ) values for individual equipment are calculated. The bottle packer, empty bottle inspector (EBI), and palletizer are identified as the plant's critical machines. A breakdown analysis (BDA) is then performed on the bottle packer and from the failure mode of all the reoccurring problems affecting this machine as a result of ineffective PM. An autonomous maintenance (AM) team is set up as part of establishing an effective PM program to improve the reliabilities of the critical machines that were continually falling. A significant reduction in machine breakdowns is observed after two months of rolling out the AM program. As a result, the reliability of bottle packer increased from 55.30% to 70.80%, while EBI and palletizer increased from 89.20% and 87.20% to 92% and 90.50%, respectively.
A Novel Modulation Scheme of 8x8 MIMO in Industry 4.0
Authors: Suryawanshi Rajashree , Kavipriya P. , Patil B.P.
Published: April 2021

A key component in the usage of Industry 4.0 arrangements is the up and coming age of system network, LTE/LTE advanced today, and 5G, later on. Industry 4.0 is conveying private LTE arranges today, as they trust it will give them an upper hand and a solid head start when 5G opens up. LTE uses multiple input multiple output (MIMO), a promising technique to accomplish the necessary data rate. This article presents consequences of 8x8 MIMO framework in fading channel utilizing V-BLAST by means of zero-forcing (ZF) with standard ZF. The relative investigation in the fading channel on account of symbol error proves V-BLAST by means of ZF has predominant execution than standard ZF finder. In addition to this, in order to support adaptive modulation, various M-QAM modulation schemes for these detectors are compared. This comparison shows 128-QAM performs superiorly to staying two. This investigation is carried out to help utilization of MIMO in LTE to support Industry 4.0.
Research on Small-World Network Communication of Public Sentiment by Self-Media Based on Energy Model
Authors: Zhou Hui Zi , Li Xue Wei
Published: April 2021

The network of public opinion in self-media has played a significant role in social security and stability and has become the dominant force in the current public opinion field. The traditional media sensations are being gradually replaced by the self-media consensus as represented by new media platforms such as We-chart and Weibo, and this is due to the development of wireless network technology and the proliferation of smartphone users. Therefore, this paper discusses the small-world network attributes of public communications in self-media by addressing the criteria of small-world network communications. It constructs the energy model of public communications in a self-media network, introduces the thermal energy calculation equation, takes the “Liu Guo Liang’s resignation event” as an example and simulates the evolutionary process of public communications in a self-media network. The experimental results show that the key users in self-media play critical roles in the evolution of hot topics and promote the evolution of public communications in self-media. Furthermore, the peak of the self-media consensus dissemination is affected by the initial heats and transmission probabilities of hot topics. All these factors promote the polarization of public opinion transmissions in a self-media network.
Investigations on Physical and Mechanical Characterization of the Joints Fabricated through Microwave Hybrid Heating Method
Authors: Singh Parminder , Prajapati D.R. , Sehgal Shankar
Published: April 2021

This paper presents the current major research developments and growths in the area of microwave hybrid heating-based joining of similar and dissimilar materials. The study discusses on the different types of specimen materials, susceptor materials, fillers and microwave power level used by researchers for joining process. Comparative studies of joints using different parametric conditions are also mentioned. Physical characterization of joint has been investigated with optical microscope, scanning electron microscope, energy dispersive spectroscopy, electron probe micro analysis, X-ray diffraction and mechanically with hardness test, tensile test, 3-point bend test, impact test. Various methods for design of experiment and optimization are also used to obtain better results. Current study will facilitate the proper choice of input parameters for easy and good joints formation through the microwave hybrid heating method.
A Method for TLS Malicious Traffic Identification Based on Machine Learning
Authors: Wang Wei , Sun Cheng Sheng , Ye Jia Ning
Published: April 2021

With more and more malicious traffic using TLS protocol encryption, efficient identification of TLS malicious traffic has become an increasingly important task in network security management in order to ensure communication security and privacy. Most of the traditional traffic identification methods on TLS malicious encryption only adopt the common characteristics of ordinary traffic, which results in the increase of coupling among features and then the low identification accuracy. In addition, most of the previous work related to malicious traffic identification extracted features directly from the data flow without recording the extraction process, making it difficult for subsequent traceability. Therefore, this paper implements an efficient feature extraction method with structural correlation for TLS malicious encrypted traffic. The traffic feature extraction process is logged in modules, and the index is used to establish relevant information links, so as to analyse the context and facilitate subsequent feature analysis and problem traceability. Finally, Random Forest is used to realize efficient TLS malicious traffic identification with an accuracy of up to 99.38%.
Ion Gel-Coated Graphene Transistor for Ethanol Gas Sensing
Authors: Liu De Sheng , Wu Jiang , Wang Zhi Ming
Published: April 2021

Ethanol sensor has been widely used in our daily life and industrial production, such as drunk driving test, food fermentation monitoring, and industrial gas leakage monitoring. With the advent of the Internet of Things (IoT) era, ethanol sensors will develop towards miniaturization and low-power consumption in the near future. However, traditional ethanol sensors with large volumes and high-power consumption are difficult to meet these requirements. Therefore, it is urgent to study ethanol gas sensors based on new materials and new structures. Here, we demonstrated a flexible ethanol sensor based on an ion gel-coated graphene field-effect transistor (IGFET). The device has a small graphene channel size with a width of 300 μm and a length of 200 μm. The device showed a low operating voltage of less than |±1| V. When the device was put into an ethanol gas condition, the Dirac point voltage of the IGFET showed a negative shift, which means an n-type doping effect to the graphene channel. Furthermore, the sensor showed a normalized current change of-11% against an ethanol gas concentration of 78.51 g/L at a constant drain-source voltage of 0.1 V. In addition, the device exhibited a fast response time of ~10 s and a recovery time of ~18 s. Moreover, the detectable range of the device was found to as wide as 19.76-785.1 g/L. Based on the above results, the flexible IGFET-based ethanol sensor with small size and low-power consumption has great potential to be used in the industrial production of the IoT era.
Estimation of Parameters of Hyperbolic Functions with Additive Noise
Authors: Ivanov Dmitriy V. , Sandler Ilya L. , Chertykovtseva Natalya V.
Published: April 2021

Hyperbolic functions are widely used to write solutions to ordinary differential equations and partial differential equations. These functions are nonlinear in parameters, which makes it difficult to estimate the parameters of these functions. In the paper, two-step algorithms for estimating the parameters of hyperbolic sine and cosine (sinh and cosh) in the presence of measurement errors are proposed. At the first step, the hyperbolic function is transformed into a linear difference equation (autoregression) of the second order. Estimation in the presence of noise of observation of autoregression parameters using ordinary least square (OLS) gives biased estimates. Modifications of the two-stage estimation algorithm based on the use of the method of total least squares (TLS) and the method of extended instrumental variables (EIV), hyperbolic sine and cosine in the presence of errors in measurements are proposed. Numerical experiments have shown that the accuracy of the parameter estimation using the proposed modifications is higher than the accuracy of the estimate obtained using the ordinary least squares method (OLS).
Outbreak Prediction of COVID-19 in India Using ARIMA and Prophet Model with Lockdown and Unlock
Authors: Sharma Avinash , Yadav Dharminder , Chandra Umesh , Maheswari Himani
Published: April 2021

Coronavirus becomes cerebral pain every day throughout the world. Many cases of coronavirus continue to grow, directly irritating human daily exercises and devastating the economy of nations. The Indian Government announced a one day Janta curfew on March 22, 2020. After three days on March 25 2020, 19 days of lockdown were declared in the country for mitigation of the COVID-19 pandemic. Four lockdowns and six unlock periods were implemented to control the pandemic, but lockdown is the major obstacle to the economy. In unlocking period government open the economic activity stepwise to boost the economy. Coronavirus infection is under control during a lockdown time, but the infection becomes pandemic unlock 1.0, 2.0 and 3.0 period. In Unlock 4.0 and unlock 5.0 coronavirus cases growth goes down but in unlock period 6.0, a sudden spike in confirmed cases. It is due to the festival session and relaxation provided by the Government in the unlock 6.0. The research aimed to forecast the trend towards the COVID-19 pandemic in India with data from June 01, 2020, by applying the ARIMA and Prophet model. Based on several presumptions, the findings of the analysis have shown that, after the unlock-up period is completed, it has been predicted that India's pandemic is expected to decrease by approximately about December 2020 and that it will crest around within the initial weeks of March 2021.
Study on LOD of Trace Elements by XRF Analysis Using BP & Adaboost and PLS Methods
Authors: Yang Wan Qi , Lu Xin , Li Fu Sheng , Zhao Yan Chun
Published: April 2021

Poisonous elements such as Cd, Hg, Pb, As, Zn, Cr, Ni, Cu etc. are commonly observed in polluted soil and hard to be removed by soil microbes. It is of significant importance to identify these poisonous elements in-situ and accurately both in qualitative and quantitative sense. In order to determine the Limit of Detection (LOD) for trace elements (e.g. Cadmium) in polluted soil samples based on Energy Dispersion X-ray fluorescence (ED-XRF) spectroscopy, approximately 60 national standard soil samples were collected and measured by an XRF equipment. The authors firstly utilize the Method Detection Limit (MDL) algorithm to calculate the LOD of trace elements, and then develop a new model called Back Propagation Adaboost (BP & Adaboost) classification to determine the LOD based on a presumed tolerance error (e.g. 5%). Furthermore, the Multivariate- Partial Linear Squares Regression (M-PLSR) method is applied to regress the data and validate the LOD values. In this paper, the authors make a detailed comparison between the BP algorithm and the BP & Adaboost classification algorithm under different presumed detection limits, and it is found that the detection results achieved the best qualitative prediction of Cd element (i.e. whether it exists in soil) based on the BP & Adaboost algorithm. The experimental results indicate that the BP & Adaboost algorithm is the most effective method to determine and decrease the LOD of trace element (such as Cd) in soil. The advantages are: It combines the classification effects of several weak classifiers, and determines that the LOD of element Cd is 0.5mg/kg with prediction error rate of 5%. Compared with the traditional methods like MDL, it is proved that the BP & Adaboost algorithm is appropriate to be used in the terms of prediction accuracy. It is recommended that the BP & Adaboost classification method shall be used for material analysis on XRF spectroscopy.
Negative Differential Resistance of Graphene Oxide/Sulphur Compound
Authors: Figarova Sophia R. , Aliyev Elvin M. , Abaszade Rashad G. , Alekberov R.I. , Figarov Vagif R.
Published: April 2021

Graphene oxide/sulphur compound was synthesized by Hammers method. The chemical composition, presence/quantity of functional groups, exfoliation level, number of layers, crystallite size of graphene oxide/sulphur were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy images. The current-voltage characteristics of the samples were measured in air at room temperature. In the I - V characteristic curve of graphene oxide/sulphur compound with the ratio of oxygen to carbon of 3.54 and that to sulphur of 42.54, negative differential resistance was observed. The negative differential resistance is attributed to current carrier transitions between the localized states formed by functional groups.
Preparation of α-Fe2O3/g-C3N4 with C-O-Fe Bonds as a Electrochemical Sensor for Glucose Detection
Authors: Yang Kuan , Yu Qing Bo , Li Hui Qin , Ren Xin Xin , Pan Jia , Wang Qing Ping , Li Xian Hua
Published: April 2021

The rapid glucose detection is great significance in the food, biological and medical fields. In this paper, we show an unusual strategy for the synthesis of α-Fe2O3/g-C3N4 composite material with C-O-Fe bonds for applications in glucose detection. The structural composition and the existence of C-O-Fe bonds of α-Fe2O3/g-C3N4 were evaluated by XRD, FTIR, SEM, TEM and XPS. Due to the formation of C-O-Fe bonds, the BET surface area and electron transport ability of α-Fe2O3/g-C3N4 are improved. The electrochemical experiments revealed that the α-Fe2O3/g-C3N4 sensor exhibited a fast response time (< 5 s), a low detection limit (2.3 μM) and a wide linear range (0.1 mM - 5 mM). Furthermore, the powerful C-O-Fe binding energy provides a guarantee for the reasonable stability of the α-Fe2O3/g-C3N4 sensor. The presence of high concentrations of KCl, citric acid, ascorbic acid, dopamine and sucrose appeared to have no effects on the detection of glucose, indicating a high selectivity of this sensor.
Modeling the Effect of External Electric Fields on the Dynamics of a Confined Water Nano-Droplet
Authors: Kargar Mahboubeh , Lohrasebi Amir
Published: April 2021

The effects of the application of constant electric fields on the dynamics of a confined water droplet between two different surfaces are investigated, by using a molecular dynamics method. It is found that the water molecules responded to the electric field, which partially depends on the wettability of the different surfaces. The results reveal that the application of external electric fields causes to create extra pressure on the surfaces, which are theoretically justified. The induced pressure could be experienced by multilayer nano-filters, which are used in desalination processes, with the aid of an external electric field, and may reduce the water filters shelf life.
Effect of Exfoliated Graphene on Thermal Conductivity Enhancements of Graphene-Ironoxide Hybrid Nanofluids: Experimental Investigation and Effective Medium Theories
Authors: Arifutzzaman A. , Faris bin Ismail Ahmad , Alam Md Zahangir , Khan Ahsan Ali , Saidur Rahman
Published: April 2021

Reasoning of particular mechanism of anomalous thermal transport behaviours are not identified yet for the nanofluids. In this study, iron oxide (Maghemite: MH) and graphene (Gr) flake dispersed deionized water (DW) hybrid nanofluid system were developed for the first time to evaluate the thermal conductivity (TC) enhancements along with the analysis of anomalous TC behavior implementing modified effective medium theories (EMTs). A solvo-thermal two-step method was used to develop the MH nanoparticle and exfoliated Gr flake dispersed hybrid nanofluids with different compositions. Stability of as-prepared hybrid nanofluids were monitored using Ultraviolet-Visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy. The maximum sedimentation rate was observed ~ 8.4 % after 600 hours. The results showed an overall maximum TC enhancement of ~ 43 % at 25 °C. EMTs were modified with the consideration of flat geometry of Gr flake. It is found that, modified EMTs with the crumpled factor (due to the non-flatness or crumple of Gr flake) of ~ 0.205 the predicted effective TC enhancements are agreed with the experimental TC’s of Gr-NMP/MH-DW hybrid nanofluids samples. The estimated crumple factor value of exfoliated Gr flakes using images analysis was also found nearly similar (~ 0.232). This agreement exposed that, Gr flake’s with negligible thickness compared to its extremely wide basal plane dimensions and its non-flatness or crumpled geometry in the nanofluids have the leading impacts on the effective TC properties of the Gr flake dispersed nanofluids. This modified model opens the new doors to analyse the insight of the thermophysical properties of various types of nanofluids by introducing potential other parameters.
Geomorphologic feature mapping methodology developed for the Dempster Highway and Inuvik to Tuktoyaktuk Highway corridors
Authors: Sladen W E , Parker R J H , Kokelj S V , Morse P D
Published: April 2021

Thaw of permafrost and associated ground ice can reduce ground stability, modify terrain, and reconfigure drainage patterns. This, in turn, can affect terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, and present challenges to northern societies. Permafrost change can have a
significant influence on the integrity of ground-based transportation infrastructure, which is critical to northern communities. The geomorphic landscape can indicate ground ice presence and thaw susceptibility.
In 2017, the Geological Survey of Canada and the Northwest Territories Geological Survey collaboratively developed a robust methodology to classify and digitize geomorphic features in permafrost terrain using high-resolution imagery. A 10-km wide corridor centred on the Dempster Highway and Inuvik
to Tuktoyaktuk Highway was used to develop and test the methodology. The 875-km-long corridor traverses a variety of geological and physiographic terrain types, including glaciated and non-glaciated terrain. Permafrost here is continuous. However, variation in climate, relief, ecology, and
disturbance have produced a diverse range of periglacial conditions. We selected five test sections representative of terrain along the study corridor. The main geomorphic categories are mass movement, hydrological, and periglacial. We used high-resolution (0.6 m) satellite imagery to generate
stereo pairs for 3D visualization. Geomorphic features were digitized in ArcGIS. We customized Python scripts to populate the attributes for each geomorphic feature. This Open File provides a background on the physical context and physiographic terrain of the study corridor. The report presents the
geomorphic feature identification and digitization methodology and summarizes the results from the test section mapping and its limitations.
A GIS dataset of geological features from mineral exploration of the Gayna River Property by Rio Tinto Canadian Exploration Ltd., 1975-1976, northern Mackenzie Mountains, Northwest Territories
Authors: Fallas K M , Finley T D
Published: April 2021

Mineral exploration activity by Rio Tinto Canadian Exploration Ltd. in 1975 and 1976 generated good quality bedrock geological maps of the Gayna River Property, in the northern Mackenzie Mountains. These maps were included as part of mineral assessment reports
submitted to the government of Northwest Territories. Geological features and observations illustrated in these maps have been digitally rendered into a GIS by the Geological Survey of Canada and are here provided as shapefiles and ArcGIS(TM) layer files for public use. Digitized geological features
include: Rio Tinto informal map units, contacts, faults, areas of gypsum outcrop, areas of breccia outcrop, limits of mapping, structural cross-section locations, visited stations, lithologies, planar measurements, linear measurements, and significant mineral occurrences.
Computational Model to Support the Detection of Profiles of Missing Person in Colombia.
Authors: Agudelo Gerardo Ernesto Rolong , Montenegro Marin Carlos Enrique , Gaona-Garcia Paulo Alonso
Published: April 2021

In the world and some countries like Colombia, the number of missing person is a phenome very worrying and growing, every year, thousands of people are reported missing all over the world, the fact that this keeps happening might indicate that there are still analyses that have not been done and tools that have not been considered in order to find patterns in the information of missing person. The present article presents a study of the way informatics and computational tools can be used to help find missing person and what patterns can be found in missing person datasets using as a study case open data about missing person in Colombia in 2017. The goal of this study is to review how computational tools like data mining and image analysis can be used to help find missing person and draw patterns in the available information about missing person. For this, first it will be review of the state of art of image analysis in real world applications was made in order to explore the possibilities when studying the photos of missing person, then a data mining process with data of missing person in Colombia was conducted to produce a set of decision rules that can explain the cause of the disappearance, as a result is generated decision rules algorithm suggest links between socioeconomic stratification, age, gender and specific locations of Colombia and the missing person reports. In conclusion, this work reviews what information about missing person is available publicly and what analysis can me made with them, showing that data mining and face recognition can be useful tools to extract patterns and identify patterns in missing person data.
BuddhistRoadPaper 5.2 “The Buddhist Temples in Dunhuang: Mid–8th to Early 11th Centuries"
Authors: Sørensen Henrik H.
Published: April 2021

This presentation is a guide to the Buddhist temples and hermitages that existed in Dunhuang during the periods of the Tibetan and Guiyijun rule (851–1036?, 歸義軍, Return-to-Allegiance Army), and covers a timespan of roughly two hundred and fifty years, from the late 8th to mid-11th centuries. I provide as much primary data as possible on local Buddhist institutions, organised for easy reference. There is an entry for each temple that features a historical overview, monastic sustenance, including landholdings, buildings, libraries, scriptures, practices and rituals, important clerics, connections to the construction of caves at Mogao, and notes on location when available. Since previous presentations and documentation of Dunhuang’s temples and their activities in secondary literature are partial, fragmentary, and scattered, this is an attempt to bring together as much data as possible, in order to provide scholars with up-to-date access to the most important material. However, given the vast number of primary sources, not all of the relevant information is included here. Nonetheless, this is an easy-to-use tool to enable further studies.
BuddhistRoadPaper 5.5 “On the Office of Saṃgha Overseer in Dunhuang during the Period of Guiyijun Rule"
Authors: Sørensen Henrik H.
Published: April 2021

This essay focuses on the succession of important monks who occupied the prestigious post of saṃgha overseer (Chin. sengtong 僧統) in Dunhuang after the establishment of the Guiyijun regime (851–1036, Return-to-Allegiance Army, 歸義軍) in the territory from the second half of the 9th century until well into the 11th century. I look at the functions that were formally part of the jurisdiction and duty of the saṃgha overseers and, after that, at the lives of each of these monks. These are being examined against the data yielded by the primary sources, that is, the Dunhuang manuscripts. The overall purpose is to develop a sense of the institution of saṃgha overseer in Dunhuang and to arrive at a deeper appreciation of these monks as primary agents in the religious and political context of this minor kingdom located in Eastern Central Asia on the western-most border of the Chinese cultural space.
THE FORMATION OF THE POST-COLONIAL INDIAN STATE IN SOVIET HISTORIOGRAPHY: THE INTERPLAY BETWEEN THE RULING IDEOLOGY AND THE WRITING OF HISTORY
Authors:   Tama University, Japan., Aigul Kulnazarova
Published: April 2021

India gained her independence from British rule in August 1947, and her Constitution came into force in January 1950. These important events opened up a new page in the history of Indian state development, and also ushered onto the world stage a defining era of decolonization. Moreover, India was amongst the first colonies to endorse the so-called "civilized divorce" from her former colonial power, which promoted the smooth and gradual shift towards her sovereign status. Therefore, the events, which ultimately led to Indian independence and the formation of the post-colonial state, have been previously documented by historians of various schools of Indian history in different parts of the world. The present paper will discuss the formation process of Indian state sovereignty during 1947-1950, as it had been imagined, studied, and constructed by Soviet historians. It is important to study this issue in the light of Soviet historiography in order to recognize this interpretation of the past as an example of the relationship between history-writing the ruling government ideology. In addition to providing a detailed analysis of Soviet historiography on the status of post-colonial Indian state formation and sovereignty, this paper seeks to identify key moments in the development of Soviet history-writing in the post-war period, which can be useful in helping us to discern some main themes and intricacies of Indian state formation from a Soviet perspective.
THE UN AT SIXTY THREE: PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF REFORMING A VETERAN
Authors:   Political Science, Presidency College, Kolkata, India, Chatterjee Aneek
Published: April 2021

The United Nations Organization has completed more than sixty-three years of existence. In these six decades, the world has moved far ahead, and power calculations have changed. The days of bi-polarity ended with the demise of the Cold War. International politics, though unipolar in nature at present, is showing tendencies of multi polarity. Globalization has introduced a new economy of free trade in the world. In this altered international political and economic milieu, demands for restructuring the United Nations, which is guided by an old, mostly outdated charter, have been gaining ground, particularly after the end of the Cold War. But reforming the United Nations would not be very easy, because amending the Charter is extremely difficult, and requires political consensus among members, which is not easily achievable. However, minor reforms that do not require the amendment of the Charter may be introduced to make the United Nations more adept to face today's challenges. The present paper analyzes the problems and prospects of the reform proposals, and shows that there is a gap between the hope and the reality.
EFFECT OF DEFECTS ORIGINATING UNDER THE PROTON IRRADIATION ON THE ELECTROPHYSICAL AND DETECTOR PROPERTIES OF CdTe:Cl AND CdZnTe
Authors: Kondrik A.I.
Published: April 2021

The work is dedicated to studying by computer modeling the mechanisms of the influence of radiation defects, originating under high energy proton irradiation, on the resistivity ρ, lifetime of nonequilibrium electrons n and holes p in CdTe:Cl and Cd0.9Zn0.1Te, and charge collection efficiency η of room temperature ionizing radiation detectors based on these materials. The effect of recombination at deep levels of radiation defects on the degradation of n, p, and  of detectors based on CdTe:Cl and Cd0.9Zn0.1Te was studied. Energy levels of radiation defects also substantially effect on compensation degree of semiconductor decreasing ρ. The main factors affecting the abrupt or gradual decrease in the resistivity and charge collection efficiency of these detectors during their bombardment by high-energy protons, leading to complete degradation of their recording ability, were found. The important role of purity and deep donor concentration in initial state of the detector material was indicated.
RESEARCH THE BEHAVIOUR AND PROPERTIES OF WWER TYPE FUEL CLADDINGS FROM Zr1%Nb ALLOY IN LOSS OF THE COOLANT ACCIDENT
Authors: Semerak M.M. , Lys S.S.
Published: April 2021

The paper presents safety criteria placed on fuel rod condition in loss of the coolant accident (LOCA) conditions as applied to reactor plants with WWER. The paper reveals briefly experimental studies carried out to validate safety criteria (acceptance criteria). The scope of the data experimentally obtained by research the behaviour and properties of WWER type fuel claddings from Zr1%Nb alloy under loading conditions simulating the stage of core flooding with water in LOCA suffices to judge the character and numerical value of criterional parameters of the embrittlement criterion in terms of the cladding stability upon flooding and subsequent implementation of fuel assembly (FA) unloading and transportation. Accidents are considered involving loss of coolant by primary circuit which are characterized by conditions of degraded heat transfer from fuels. During accidents loss of tightness by fuel rod cladding is tolerable, however, in this case, the cooling of a distorted fuel rod and the dismantling (unloading) of the core after an accident have to be feasible.
MICROSTRUCTURE AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF OXIDE DISPERSION STRENGTHENED HIGH-ENTROPY ALLOYS CoCrFeMnNi AND CrFe2MnNi
Authors: Kolodiy I.V. , Velikodnyi O.M. , Tikhonovsky M.A. , Voyevodin V.N. , Kalchenko O.S. , Vasilenko R.L. , Okovit V.S.
Published: April 2021

High-entropy alloys (HEAs) CoCrFeMnNi and CrFe2MnNi, dispersion-strengthened by pre-synthesized nanooxides composition of 80%Y2O3+20%ZrO2 (mol.%) were obtained by mechanical alloying followed by compaction and sintering. Average grain size of the oxide dispersion-strengthened (ODS) alloys was about 2 μm. Oxide precipitates in alloys are characterized by the presence of small particles with an average size of about 10 nm and a density of ≈ 1021 m-3, as well as small amount of larger particles sizes of 50…150 nm. The qualitative composition of particles of different sizes has been established. Mechanical properties of HEAs were studied at different temperatures. It is shown that strengthening of the studied alloys by nanooxide particles leads to a significant increase in strength characteristics.
Demiryollarının Konteyner Limanı-Hinterlant Bağlantılarındaki Önemi: Mersin Limanı Örneği
Authors: ZEYBEK Hulya
Published: April 2021

Konteynerlerin kullanımı ile deniz taşımacılığı yaygınlaşmış ve uluslararası ticarette en çok kullanılan taşımacılık türü haline gelmiştir. Konteynerlerin, deniz taşımacılığının ana altyapısını oluşturan limanlardan hinterlanda taşınması, taşıma zincirindeki en zayıf halkayı oluşturmaktadır. Ayrıca, hinterlant bağlantı maliyetlerinin uluslararası yük taşıma zincirinin en yüksek maliyet kalemini oluşturması, bu bağlantıların önemini daha da arttırmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, demiryollarının konteyner limanlarının hinterlant bağlantılarındaki önemi incelenmiş, liman hinterlandında demiryolu taşımacılığının gelişmesine yönelik güçlü ve zayıf yönler ile fırsat ve tehditleri tespit etmek amacıyla Mersin Limanı örnek alınarak bir SWOT analizi yapılmıştır. Çalışma sonuçları, Mersin Limanı’nın demiryolu hinterlant bağlantısının güçlendirilmesine ihtiyaç olduğunu ve bunun için de paydaşlar arasında iş birliği ve entegrasyonun sağlanmasının önemini ortaya koymaktadır.
Liberdade para brincar e se-movimentar na educação infantil
Authors: Kuhn Roselaine , Meneses José Américo dos Santos , Santos Lalayne Yasmim , Santos Letícia Agripina , Tavares Luana , Jesus Lucas Carvalho de
Published: April 2021

O texto reporta as experiências do Projeto de Extensão  “Brinquedoteca: a liberdade de brincar e se movimentar na Educação Infantil”, que realiza ações na EMEI “Dr. José Calumby Filho”, Aracaju/SE. A equipe executora é composta por estudantes e professores da Licenciatura em Educação Física que atuam como sujeitos brincantes com 30 crianças entre 4 e 5 anos de idade, observando os fenômenos relativos ao brincar, exercitando a  escuta, registrando as falas, expressões de sentimentos, ideias e realizações das crianças. Interagimos a partir dos apelos das crianças para brincar, promovendo tempos e espaços que fomentam a criatividade e  imaginação das crianças que estabelecem diálogos intensos, singulares e originais com o mundo da vida, representando-o e ressignificando-o dramaticamente através do faz-de-conta. As ações são fundamentadas na Teoria do Movimento Humano (KUNZ, 1991), interessada no ser-criança que “brinca e se-movimenta” e sua imprescindível necessidade vital para o auto-desenvolvimento.
Naltrexona: ¿una posible alternativa terapéutica?
Authors: Barba Paula Johana
Published: April 2021

La naltrexona es un fármaco antagonista competitivo de los receptores opioides clásicos (µ, k y d), aprobado en 1984 por la FDA para el tratamiento de la adicción a los opioidesen dosis de 50-100 mg. Posteriormente, también fue aprobado y utilizado en el tratamiento de la dependencia al alcohol.
Elección múltiple: Lesiones purpúricas en los miembros inferiores
Authors: Barba Paula Johana , Targize Vaquero Pilar , Martinez Florencia Guillermina
Published: April 2021

Una mujer de 62 años, con antecedentes de hipotiroidismo, dislipidemia e hipertensión arterial en tratamiento, consultó por la presencia de una dermatosis pruriginosa en ambas piernas, de 7 meses de evolución.
Elección múltiple: Pápulas y vesículas generalizadas
Authors: Pereyra Ana , Martínez Mariana
Published: April 2021

Una paciente de 26 años, sin antecedentes personales ni familiares de relevancia, consultó por la presencia de una dermatosis generalizada polimorfa, con extensión cefalocaudal, asociada a fiebre, de 3 días de evolución. En el examen físico se observaban múltiples pápulas, vesículas y pústulas, algunas con costra necrótica central, pruriginosas, que afectaban el cuero cabelludo, la región retroauricular, la cara, el tronco, los miembros superiores e inferiores, con compromiso de las palmas y las plantas.
Tungiasis, un souvenir del viajero
Authors: Meneses Díaz Edgar , Pavón Eliana , Bagalá María Eugenia , Cortés Laura , Sacco Natalia , Pastore Federico
Published: April 2021

La tungiasis es una ectoparasitosis causada por la pulga hematófaga Tunga penetrans.
Se considera una de las enfermedades dermatológicas más comunes de los viajeros que visitan áreas tropicales. El ser humano es un hospedero accidental.
Afecta exclusivamente la piel. Las lesiones suelen localizarse en los pies y sus manifestaciones clínicas son polimorfas. El diagnóstico es clínico y el tratamiento consiste en la extracción del parásito. En algunos casos es necesario agregar tratamiento con antibióticos, antiparasitarios sistémicos y profilaxis antitetánica.
Dimetilfumarato. Una alternativa terapéutica en la psoriasis
Authors: De Luca David Aldo
Published: April 2021

Los ésteres de ácido fumárico se utilizan de forma empírica desde hace décadas para el manejo de la psoriasis moderada a grave que requiere un tratamiento sistémico. Tanto su efecto inmunomodulador como su baja tasa de efectos adversos graves lo hacen atractivo como opción terapéutica en los pacientes que no responden a otros tratamientos o que tienen algunas contraindicaciones para recibir las terapéuticas habituales. Se presenta una actualización bibliográfica del dimetilfumarato en el tratamiento de la psoriasis moderada a grave y se destacan su mecanismo de acción, posología, efectos indeseados y los estudios que avalan su utilización en la psoriasis.
Múltiples xantomas en un paciente con síndrome de Alagille
Authors: Viada Peláez María Candela , Buján María Marta , Centeno María del Valle , Cervini Andrea Bettina
Published: April 2021

El síndrome de Alagille (SA) se caracteriza por la presencia de colestasis crónica ocasionada por hipoplasia de las vías biliares; anomalías vertebrales, oculares y cardíacas, y fenotipo facial característico. Su herencia es autosómica dominante, causado en la mayoría de los casos por mutación del gen JAG1. Analizamos el caso de un niño de 3 años con diagnóstico de SA que, debido a las alteraciones lipídicas asociadas, presentó múltiples xantomas en la cara, el tronco y las extremidades, asociados a un prurito intenso.

El objetivo de la publicación es describir a un paciente con SA y múltiples lesiones cutáneas, asociadas a un intenso prurito refractario. Destacamos la importancia de pesquisar las alteraciones del colesterol o una hepatopatía asociada en los pacientes con xantomas cutáneos.
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF STUDENT TEAM ACHIEVEMENT DIVISION (STAD) BERBANTUAN VIDEO ANIMASI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN MENULIS TEKS EKSPLANASI SISWA MADRASAH ALIYAH
Authors: Azhariansah Mr.
Published: April 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keterampilan menulis teks eksplanasi siswa Madrasah Aliyah Nurul Ummah Kota Yogyakarta setelah penerapan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe student team achievement division (STAD) berbantuan video animasi. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) dengan menggunakan model Kemmis McTaggart. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan sebanyak 2 siklus. Setiap siklus dilaksanakan sebanyak 2 kali pertemuan yang setiap pertemuan meliputi tahapan perencanaan, pelaksanaan tindakan beserta observasi, dan refleksi. Teknik pengumpulan data adalah observasi, wawancara, dokumentasi, dan tes tulis. Teknik analisis data kualitatif mempergunakan model Miles Huberman, sedangkan teknik analisis data kuantitatif menggunakan statistik deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keterampilan menulis teks eksplanasi siswa MA Nurul Ummah Kota Yogyakarta setelah penerapan model pembelajaran kooperatif student team achievement division (STAD) berbantuan video animasi berhasil ditingkatkan. Di siklus 1, terdapat 27 siswa yang telah mencapai skor ≥75 atau sebesar 79.41%. Di siklus 2, terdapat 30 siswa yang telah mencapai skor ≥75 atau sebesar 88.23% dalam kategori tinggi. Persentase di siklus 2 ini telah melampaui persentase keberhasilan penelitian sebesar 85% dengan kenaikan sebesar 11.11%.
Elaboración de una bebida de maíz morado con máxima retención de antocianinas
Authors: PESANTES ARRIOLA GENARO CHRISTIAN , PAUCAR LUNA JORGE , FRANCO MEDINA JORGE LÁZARO
Published: April 2021

En el presente trabajo se caracterizó el proceso de extracción de antocianinas empleando el método de análisis de superficie de respuesta con intervalos de temperatura entre 47,57 y 132,43ºC, y tiempos desde 11,36 a 138,64 minutos.  Además, con la técnica del punto estacionario se determinó una máxima retención de antocianina (33,99 mg/g) a una temperatura de 98.39ºC a un tiempo de 105,89 minutos de extracción; sin embargo, al ser este tiempo demasiado prolongado, se empleó el análisis canónico redefiniéndose los parámetros óptimos de extracción a una temperatura de 100ºC durante un tiempo de 60 minutos con una reducción del contenido de antocianinas del 2,49% (33,14 mg/g) con respecto al máximo.  Con el extracto obtenido en condiciones óptimas se elaboró una bebida y, utilizando el método del pH diferencial y la prueba t de Student (p = 0,05), se cuantificó su contenido de antocianinas y se comparó con el de una bebida, observándose que la bebida elaborada presentó contenidos mayores, cuya diferencia varía dentro del rango de 2,79 y 4,72 mg/mL.  Finalmente, empleando una prueba de grado de satisfacción con una escala hedónica de nueve puntos se determinó que la bebida “gustó mucho” a un panel sensorial semientrenado.
Methodology for assessing the general competence of graduates of educational institutions
Authors:   Bashkir Institute of Social Technologies (branch) of the Academy of Labor and Social Relations, BYSTROV Alexander , ZAGITOVA Liniza ,   Bashkir Institute of Social Technologies (branch) of the Academy of Labor and Social Relations
Published: April 2021

The paper describes the methodology, algorithm and program for assessing competence in points of students in educational institutions. The calculation of competence is shown on the example of the assessment data of a group of graduates in the direction of training 09.03.03 "Applied Informatics". Their assessments in all disciplines of the curriculum for the entire period of study were used as the initial information. The calculation for all types of competencies is given and the overall competence in points for each graduate is determined.
DEMOGRAPHICS AND MOBILE PHONE TECHNOLOGY USE BY UNIVERSITY STUDENTS IN NAIROBI, KENYA
Authors: Wasiaya Onyango Christopher , Serede Dr Sikolia Geoffrey , Kinoti Prof. Mberia Hellen
Published: April 2021

Purpose: This research investigated the moderating effect of demographic factors on mobile phone technology use by undergraduate public university students in Nairobi, Kenya. The objective of the research was to establish the moderating effect of demographic characteristics on undergraduate university students’ use levels of mobile phone technology.

Methodology: The research used the media technological determinism theory as a theoretical framework. The target population was 246,871 undergraduate university students in six public universities in Nairobi, Kenya. The research design used was quantitative. Self-administered questionnaires were used as data collection tools. This study utilized purposive sampling to arrive at a sample size of 573 undergraduate students. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and then processed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22.

Findings: Findings revealed that mobile phone technology use by undergraduate university students was not subject to demographic factors. The research concluded that there was no moderating effect of respondents’ demography on the relationship between undergraduate public university students and mobile phone technology use levels.

Unique Contribution to Theory and Practice and Policy: Since this research focused on undergraduate university students in public universities in Nairobi, Kenya, the researcher recommends that another research could be carried among post graduate students and also among private universities to find out if demographic factors may be affecting mobile phone technology use.
Lyme neuroborreliose: een zeldzame oorzaak van rugpijn in geriatrie
Authors: VANHAUWAERT A. , LAGROU K. , FLAMAING J.
Published: April 2021

Lyme neuroborreliosis: a rare cause of back pain in geriatrics

Lyme neuroborreliosis is a neurological disease caused by the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi. This disease has a variable presentation. Using a case report of a patient with back pain, this article presents an overview of the current diagnostic and therapeutic guidelines.
Três axiomas para o agir administrativo fundado em novas tecnologias de informação e comunicação
Authors: Valle Vanice Lírio do
Published: April 2021

A narrativa comum é de que a Administração Pública está no curso da incorporação total de novas tecnologias de informação e comunicação (NTIC’s), mas a realidade das repartições públicas evidencia algo diferente. O distanciamento ainda existente entre Administração Pública e novas tecnologias pode levar a primeira à perda de sua capacidade de governar. A recusa ou demora na absorção de NTIC’s pode produzir um distanciamento entre Administração Pública e interessados, erodindo sua capacidade de comunicação. A ausência de NTIC’s também prejudica a agregação de dados, embaraçando um aprendizado potencial e melhorias nas políticas públicas que poderia decorrer de um big data desenhado e utilizado de maneira profissional. Este artigo propõe três axiomas que devem orientar a implementação de um agir administrativo fundado em NTIC’s; estes axiomas demonstrarão que uma mudança cultura significativa é necessária à otimização dos benefícios originários destas ferramentas. A ausência de uma visão clara quanto ao que seja necessário à implementação integral de NTIC’s pode conduzir a Administração a soluções tecnológicas inadequadas, transformando uma boa ferramenta em mau investimento de tempo e recursos públicos.
Zróżnicowanie i zmiany cech wypływów wód podziemnych w zlewni górnej Bystrzycy Dusznickiej
Authors:   Uniwersytet Łódzki, Kozek Malwina
Published: April 2021

The study presents the assessment of spatial distribution, including vertical variability of selected features of springs. For this aim, the data obtained during three hydrological mapping sessions in the upper Bystrzyca Dusznicka river catchment in the period of 1995–2018 was used. Thanks to the long-term observation series, comparative spatial analyzes of statistical distribution of spring’s selected features were possible. Furthermore, the variability of temperature, reaction and conductivity of rivers and springs were estimated, assessing these parameters along the tributaries course of the Bystrzyca Dusznicka river. Results for years of various precipitation conditions were compared. Presented analyzes allowed to identify and valorize the factors determining the variability and changes in springs characteristics during dry and moist years.