bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Harpy eagle kill sample provides insights into the mandibular ontogenetic patterns of two-toed sloths (Xenarthra: Choloepus)
Authors: Pasin Lucas C. , Casali Daniel M. , Semedo Thiago B. F. , Garbino Guilherme S. T.
Published: May 2024

Skeletal ontogeny of xenarthrans is poorly known, especially because of the paucity of study specimens from distinct developmental stages. Here, we investigate morphometric aspects of the mandible ontogeny in the two-toed sloths, Choloepus spp. We examined mandibles of infant, juveniles and subadult sloths that were present in kill assemblages of harpy eagles, Harpia harpyja, and complemented our study with adult museum specimens. We carried out uni- and multivariate linear morphometric analyzes to assess the growth pattern of the mandible. Harpy eagles did not prey on adult two-toed sloths, preferring younger individuals. We found an overall strong correlation between the total length of the mandible and other mandibular measurements across age classes, with some of them scaling isometrically, and others presenting allometric growth. Also, morphometric data correlated with patterns of symphysial fusion across ontogenetic stages, rendering the latter a reliable indicator of the animal’s age category. Although it was necessary to complement our sample with museum material, individuals obtained from the harpy eagle kill assemblage proved to be a valuable complementary source of specimens to be studied.
Miniature spectrometer based on graded bandgap perovskite filter
Authors: Sun Peihan , Hu Xiangmin , Yuan Shuhao , Peng Yanyan , Xu Tingfa , Zhong Haizheng
Published: May 2024

Miniature spectrometer is powerful tool for scientific research and industrial inspection. Here, we report the fabrication of graded perovskite filters with tunable bandgap and their application in constructing miniature spectrometer. The graded perovskite filters were fabricated using a Finkelstein reaction between in-situ formed halogen ion with a preformed MAPbX3 film. The graded bandgap of perovskite films can be well tunned from 400 to 750 nm by controlling the volume ratio between 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide and benzyl chloride(bromide). By combining a deep residual network, graded bandgap perovskite film and commercial CMOS sensor chip, a miniature spectrometer is demonstrated, achieving an accurate spectrum reconstruction (PSNR = 40.749) with monochromatic spectral resolution of 1.31 nm.
Multispectral metal-based electro-optical metadevices with infrared reversible tunability and microwave scattering reduction
Authors: Meng Zhen , Liu Dongqing , Pang Yongqiang , Wang Jiafu , Liu Tianwen , Jia Yan , Cheng Haifeng
Published: May 2024

The demand for advanced camouflage technology is increasing in modern military warfare. Multispectral compatibility and adaptive capabilities are increasingly desired features in camouflage materials. However, due to the strong wavelength dependence and limited tunability of electromagnetic wave responses, achieving simultaneous multispectral compatibility and adaptive capability in a single structure or device remains a challenge. By integrating coding metamaterials with infrared (IR) electrochromic devices, we demonstrate a highly integrated multispectral metal-based electro-optical metadevice. The fabricated metadevices enable the reversible tunability of IR emissivity (0.58 at 3–5 µm, 0.50 at 7.5–13 µm) and wideband microwave scattering reduction (>10 dB at 10–20 GHz). The excellent integration performance is attributed to the remarkable electromagnetic control capabilities of the coding metamaterials in a chessboard-like configuration and the IR electrochromic devices based on metal reversible electrodeposition. Furthermore, the monolithic integrated design with shared barium fluoride substrate and electrodes allows the metadevices to have a simple architecture, and the careful design avoids coupling between functions. Our approach is general enough for the design of various electrochromic devices and metamaterials for multispectral camouflage, offering valuable insights for the development of advanced adaptive multispectral camouflage systems.
Primary renal synovial sarcomas diagnosed by a novel fusion gene with the fusion site involving exons of SS18 and SSX2: a case report
Authors: Qiu Hong , Tang Zhaorong , Nie Dan
Published: May 2024

Objectives

Primary renal synovial sarcoma (PRSS) is an uncommon malignancy with diagnostic challenges and poor prognosis. Research on PRSS is limited, primarily based on case reports, leading to a lack of widely recognized effective treatment options. This article reports a case of primary renal synovial sarcoma diagnosed using a novel fusion gene with a fusion site involving the SS18 and SSX2 exons.

Case presentation

A 34-year-old male, presented with intermittent right upper abdominal pain. Abdominal CT revealed an isolated mass in the upper pole of the right kidney, which was initially diagnosed as renal cell carcinoma. The patient underwent radical right nephrectomy, and postoperative histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of synovial sarcoma, and immunohistochemistry supported the diagnosis. Further detection through RT-PCR and DNA sequencing confirmed the presence of the SS18-SSX2 fusion gene. Despite the recommendation for adjuvant therapy, the patient refused chemotherapy and other treatments and succumbed to systemic metastasis.

Conclusions

This case highlights the diagnostic challenges and aggressive nature of PRSS. The novel fusion gene with the fusion sites SS18: exon9 and SSX2: exon5 has important implications for the diagnosis of primary synovial sarcoma of the kidney. Further research is warranted to explore novel therapeutic strategies and improve patient outcomes in PRSS.
Erfahrungen und Erwartungen von Studierenden mit psychischen Krisen
Authors: Koschig Maria , Müller Michéle , Riedel-Heller Steffi G. , Conrad Ines
Published: May 2024

Psychische Belastungen haben Einfluss auf den Studienerfolg und können sich in psychischen Erkrankungen manifestieren. Der vorliegende Beitrag beschäftigt sich mit der Verbreitung psychischer Krisen bei Studierenden in Deutschland sowie mit ihren Erwartungen an die Hochschule. Im Rahmen eines Präventionsworkshops zur psychischen Gesundheit während der Einführungswochen wurden Studierende an 15 Hochschulen schriftlich befragt. Von diesen 643 Studierenden gab jeder Dritte an, wiederkehrend von psychischen Krisen betroffen zu sein. Sie sprachen sich für positive Rollenmodelle der Krisenbewältigung und konkrete, schnelle Hilfen im Kontext ihrer Hochschule aus. Gesundheitsmonitoring bietet hierbei Chancen.
Studienzweifel und Studienabbruch bei Studierenden mit Behinderungen
Authors: Angerhausen Pascal , Langfeldt Bettina
Published: May 2024

Der Beitrag basiert auf Daten aus dem Projekt „ErfolgInklusiv“. Auf Grundlage von narrativen Interviews mit 35 Studierenden der Universität Kassel werden Gründe für Studienzweifel und Studienabbruch bei Studierenden mit Behinderung identifiziert. Es zeigt sich, dass fehlende Selbsterkenntnis, Probleme beim Erhalt von medizinischen Diagnosen und Barrieren beim Zugang zu und in der Gestaltung von institutioneller Unterstützung einen Abbruch begünstigen können.
Studieren mit Behinderung im internationalen Vergleich
Authors: Mishra Shweta , Langguth David
Published: May 2024

Der Prozentsatz der Studierenden mit Behinderung an Hochschulen nimmt stetig zu. Trotz der Initiativen zur Inklusion von Menschen mit Behinderungen in der Hochschulbildung bestehen für Studierende mit Behinderung weiterhin Herausforderungen. In diesem Beitrag vergleichen wir die Erfahrungen von Studierenden mit Behinderung auf internationaler Ebene und empfehlen, die Bedeutung des Sozialmodells und des sich wandelnden Verständnisses von Behinderung in der Hochschulbildung hervorzuheben.
Universitäre Gerechtigkeit und Gesundheitsoutcomes
Authors: Diehl Katharina , Deyerl Veronika M. , Herr Raphael M.
Published: May 2024

Das Empfinden von Stress und die Prävalenz von psychischen Erkrankungen stellen bei Studierenden eine zunehmende Problematik dar. Eine Quelle für Stress kann wahrgenommene Ungerechtigkeit im Setting Hochschule sein. Das zugrundelegende Konzept der organisationalen Gerechtigkeit ist bei Arbeitnehmenden mit diversen psychischen und physischen Gesundheitsoutcomes assoziiert. Ziel des vorgestellten Projekts ist die Übertragung dieses in der Arbeitsstressforschung etablierten Konzepts auf Studierende.
Gesundheitsmonitoring und Gesundheitsmanagement an Hochschulen: Ein Überblick
Authors: Rathmann Katharina , Sendatzki Saskia , Helmchen Ronja Maren , Dadaczynski Kevin
Published: May 2024

Ein standardisiertes Gesundheitsmonitoring ist eine wesentliche Säule der hochschulischen (Gesundheits-)Berichterstattung und stellt die Basis für den Aufbau eines hochschulischen Gesundheitsmanagements (HGM) dar. Es wird eine Übersicht über studentisches und betriebliches Gesundheitsmanagement (SGM/BGM) in Deutschland aufgeführt und über Vorteile eines integrierten Sozial- und Gesundheitsmonitorings bei Studierenden berichtet.
Fit durchs Studium: Gesunde Hochschulverpflegung durch vollwertige Ernährung
Authors: Berling Nadine , Scherenberg Viviane
Published: May 2024

Die Verpflegung in deutschen Hochschulen, organisiert durch Studierendenwerke, spielt eine zentrale Rolle für Studierende und Mitarbeiter. Eine vollwertige Ernährung hat Potenzial für Prävention und Gesundheitsförderung. Die Bedeutung einer gesunden Ernährung wird von einer Mehrheit anerkannt, doch die Umsetzung im Alltag scheitert oft z.B. aufgrund sozialer Einflüsse. Nudging-Methoden und DGE-Qualitätsstandards in Mensen könnten die Inanspruchnahme der ausgewogenen Ernährung fördern.
Entstigmatisierung von psychischen Störungen in der Hochschullehre
Authors: Hollederer Alfons , Dieckmännken Ines
Published: May 2024

Studierende sind die Fachkräfte von morgen. Jedoch gibt es nicht nur Studierende mit psychischen Störungen, sondern auch Befürchtungen hinsichtlich Stigmatisierungen, die zur Nichtinanspruchnahme von Nachteilsausgleichen führen können. Das zeigt eine Studierendenbefragung der Universität Kassel. Gemäß Studienlage haben sich Interventionen zur Entstigmatisierung bei Studierenden als erfolgreich erwiesen. Der Einsatz des QualityRights Training der WHO wird daher an der Universität Kassel erprobt.
Frequency and pattern of test utilization rate in clinical biochemistry laboratory: two different large hospital examples
Authors: Yalçındağ Ali , Aydın Fevzi Nuri , Işıklar Özben Özden , Can Fatmagül , Karademir Murat , Uzunal Ersen , Akyurek A. Ozen , Yücel Doğan , Serdar Muhittin A.
Published: May 2024

Objectives

Clinical biochemistry laboratories (CBL) are the most frequently utilized laboratory group in healthcare, and their significance in patient care is indisputable. This study investigated the frequency and pattern of test utilization rate in CBL at two large hospitals’ outpatient and inpatient clinics.

Methods

A total of 43,732,428 CBL tests, including clinical chemistry, immunoassay, coagulation, specific proteins, CBC, and urinalysis, were conducted for 12,182,382 patients across two large hospitals in different settings between 2018 and 2022. These tests were analyzed alongside patient admissions data, with a focus on the distribution across various clinics.

Results

A total of 94 % and 93 % of those admitted to Hospitals 1 and 2 were outpatients. They had applied to CBL laboratories for 27.1–30.3 % of outpatients and 81.2–88.7 % of inpatients for at least one test. When analyzing the rates at which laboratory tests were requested for outpatients, it was found that emergency departments had the highest test-requesting rates, ranging from 19.99 to 45.36 %. This was followed by internal medicine clinics, with rates ranging from 13.77 to 14.8 %, and inpatient intensive care units, with rates between 24.31 and 30.14 %. Outpatients had 10–11 test requests for each patient and 16–31 for inpatients. The most frequently requested laboratory tests were CBC, glucose, creatinine, urea, AST and ALT in two hospitals.

Conclusions

Despite significant variations in location, structure, medical staff, and patient demographics, approximately one-third of outpatients and 85 % of inpatients at these hospitals undergo testing in CBL. CBLs are essential for screening, diagnosis, prognosis, and healthcare treatment.
Los Biomas digitales en el entorno de Discord
Authors: Guadarrama Sánchez Hugo Alberto
Published: May 2024

For the purposes of this text, digital biomes are conceptualized as a diversity of resources and communities based on information needs in the online digital context. The research work aims to describe the characteristics of digital biomes from the environment of two thematic sites created by enthusiasts, organizations and initiatives in Discord, in order to know what information resources are collected and used by online communities. Having as a theoretical framework a Luhmannian perspective due to the fact that it is a disciplinary reference to analyze the complexity of certain contexts that display partially visible dynamics. The research methodology has a digital nature with a qualitative approach focused on obtaining data. According to the results in the two thematic sites focused on the practice and learning of the English language, sections are presented where it is possible to find and share information resources that aim to respond to the information needs of users who access the sites. themes, known on Discord as servers.
Socialines paslaugas teikiančių įstaigų biudžeto sudarymas ir analizė: globos namų atvejis
Authors: Miškinienė Renata , Nariūnaitė Andželika , Basiulis Katažyna , Straigė Milda
Published: May 2024

One of the main functions of social protection is the provision of social services to peoplewho need them. In today's society, the need for social services tends to increase and needs to beadequately funded. However, the issues of the management and financing of these services have notbeen sufficiently investigated. In order to fill this gap, this article examines the financing arrangementsfor social services. It also analyses and evaluates the preparation and implementation of the budget ofthe institution providing such services. The object of the study is the budget for 2020-2022 of one of theinstitutions providing social services – care homes. The aim of the study: after examining the nature ofsocial services and the arrangements for their management and financing, to assess the arrangementsfor preparing the budget of the care home and to analyse it budget for the period 2020-2022. The studyfound that the projected revenue and cost budget of the care home is quite different from the actualrevenue and cost of the institution. The study identified the reasons for these variances and madesuggestions for improving the preparation of the budget project with a view to reducing the variancesbetween planned and actual amounts in future.
Selective arterial embolization for severe refractory hematuria of the urinary tract: a useful intervention to keep in mind
Authors: Ocampo Maria A , Cristancho Adriana , Valero Juan Carlos
Published: May 2024

Introduction and objective: Refractory hematuria is a challenge in the urological practice. Reasons for bleeding are bladder tumors, radiation cystitis, prostate cancer, kidney cancer, among others. Most patients have an advanced age, many comorbidities and are in palliative care due to advanced malignancies. In such patients an aggressive surgical treatment is not feasible and might be the last option of treatment. Selective arterial embolization has been described as part of the treatment of refractory hematuria, being a less invasive procedure with acceptable results in the long term follow up. Our aim is to report our experience with selective embolization as a treatment for severe refractory hematuria of the urinary tract, its success rate and side effects. Methods: Medical charts of patients that underwent selective arterial embolization as the treatment of any cause of refractroy hematuria between 2013 and 2021 in our institution were reviewed; 21 patients were identified. Standard selective arterial embolization was made by the vascular surgery division. Success was defined as the need of additional procedures after embolization. A descriptive analysis was performed, and all data was analyzed using the R software version 3.6.3. Results: A total of 21 patients underwent selective arterial embolization for refractory hematuria between 2013 and 2021. The mean age was 71.3 years old and 76.2% of patients were male. Most patients, 47.6% had advanced prostate cancer, 14.3% had advanced bladder cancer, 28.6% of patients had radiation cystitis and 9.5% had advanced renal cell carcinoma. Patients underwent embolization in a mean period of 23.6 days after admission. The rate of complications after embolization was 4.7% corresponding to one patient who had a Clavien Dindo II complication. Hematuria didn’t resolve in 61.9% of patients and 52.3% needed additional procedures, 27.2% required cystectomy due to failed embolization. The mean time to cystectomy was 29.6 days. Patients who underwent cystectomy were characterized to have radiation cystitis, prostate and bladder cancer corresponding to 4.7% respectively. The success rate of embolization was 52.3% and no post embolization syndrome was noted. Conclusion: Selective arterial embolization remains a minimally invasive option for refractory hematuria, with low rate of complications and should be part of the treatment algorithm of refractory hematuria before aggressive surgical treatment, but with a high rate of patients requiring further treatments, in up to 52.3% of cases.
EFECTOS ECOTÓXICOS DE METALES PESADOS SOBRE Daphnia magna Y Paracheirodon innesi EN UN RÍO DE LA AMAZONÍA PERUANA
Authors: Méniz-Oshiro Esther , Iannacone Olíver José Alberto
Published: May 2024

El río Madre de Dios, en la Amazonía del Perú, es un cuerpo de agua que recibe relaves y desechos con mercurio (Hg) vertidos por la minería aurífera artesanal, informal e ilegal. Se evaluó el efecto ecotóxico de metales pesados en agua superficial y sedimentos del río Madre de Dios sobre el microcrústaceo Daphnia magna y el pez Paracheirodon innesi, mediante la determinación del nivel de toxicidad utilizando la escala ecotóxica de Roig, basada en la concentración letal media (CL50) para D. magna y la concentración efectiva media (CE50) para el efecto subletal “nado extraño” de P. innesi. Se muestrearon cuatro puntos en época seca en el 2019 entre la zona del cruce con el río afluente Colorado y el puerto del distrito Boca Colorado, en Madre de Dios. Se determinaron los metales pesados en agua y sedimento, así como el pH y la conductividad eléctrica. En los cuatro puntos de muestreo el Hg en agua superficial y sedimentos no sobrepasó el Estándar de Calidad Ambiental peruano de agua de ríos de selva – Conservación del ambiente acuático (<0,0001 mg L-1). Los valores de CL50 en agua y sedimento en D. magna fueron no tóxicos. El punto con mayor toxicidad para la mortalidad y el nado extraño en P. innesi en agua se localizó entre la zona minera y el puerto de Boca Colorado, considerándose levemente tóxico. Se sugiere hacer un análisis de efectos ecotoxicológicos agudos y crónicos en organismos acuáticos planctónicos, bentónicos y nectónicos amazónicos.
ANATOMÍA MACRO Y MICROSCÓPICA DEL SISTEMA DIGESTIVO DEL DENTÓN (Megaleporinus muyscorum) EN ETAPA ADULTA
Authors: Mosquera Ramos Darlyn Fabiola , Gómez Ramírez Edwin
Published: May 2024

Con el objetivo de estudiar la anatomía macro y microscópica del sistema digestivo y los órganos anexos (hígado y páncreas) de Megaleporinus muyscorum, se sacrificaron 25 ejemplares adultos de ambos sexos, con longitud total de 32,5 cm y 339 g. Se obtuvieron cortes seriados de 5 mm mediante inclusión en parafina y teñido con hematoxilina – eosina. La boca es relativamente pequeña en posición subterminal, con dientes planos grandes y dirigidos hacia delante, las branquias son largas, separadas y definidas, el esófago y el estómago son cortos, y musculosos, este último tiene forma de “V”, y baja capacidad volumétrica. Los ciegos pilóricos son digitiformes y oscilaron entre diez y 15, el intestino es relativamente largo, con poca capacidad de distención y tres circunvoluciones. El hígado es prominente, trilobulado y parduzco, y el páncreas difuso. Histológicamente el sistema digestivo estaba constituido por cuatro capas o túnicas: mucosa, submucosa, muscular y serosa, la mucosa en el esófago estaba conformada por pliegues longitudinales y epitelio plano estratificado con abundantes células caliciformes. La submucosa presentaba tejido conectivo laxo en los tres órganos evaluados: esófago, estómago e intestino. La capa muscular del esófago está constituida por músculo estriado con orientación circular interna y externa, diferente al reportado para el estómago e intestino (músculo liso con orientación circular y longitudinal). La estructura del sistema digestivo de M. muyscorum es similar a la presentada por otros teleósteos, la posición de la boca y los dientes permiten evidenciar que es de hábito omnívoro.
Diferencias fenotípicas de fibroblastos gingivales en sujetos con hiperplasia gingival idiopática frente a sujetos periodontalmente sanos: estudio piloto
Authors: Simancas-Escorcia Víctor Hugo , Díaz–Caballero Antonio José , Vergara–Hernández Clara Inés
Published: May 2024

Objetivo: identificar, describir y diferenciar las características fenotípicas de los fibroblastos gingivales (FGs) en pacientes con hiperplasia gingival idiopática (HGI) e individuos periodontalmente sanos. Métodos: los FGs fueron aislados a partir de tejido gingival de individuos periodontalmente sanos (n=2) y pacientes con HGI (n=2). Los FGs se cultivaron en el medio DMEM (Dulbecco's Modified of Eagle Medium) a 37°C con 5% de CO2. La identificación y localización de la actina, vimentina y mitocondrias en FGs fue realizada y evaluada microscópicamente mediante inmunofluorescencia con anticuerpos monoclonales. La capacidad de migración de los FGs en los pacientes con HGI e individuos sanos también fue estudiada. Resultados: todos los FGs fueron mononucleares, fusiformes y con prolongaciones citoplasmáticas visibles. La faloidina permitió identificar una densa red de actina en los FGs de pacientes con HGI, contrariamente a los FGs de individuos periodontalmente sanos. La vimentina y mitocondrias fueron identificadas en los FGs de individuos sanos y pacientes con HGI sin ninguna alteración en su expresión y localización. La migración de la monocapa de los FGs indicó una actividad de migración celular importante en los FGs de los pacientes con HGI, en relación a los FGs de los individuos periodontalmente sanos. Conclusión: los FGs de pacientes con HGI conservan características fenotípicas celulares similares a los FGs de individuos periodontalmente sanos. Sin embargo, los FGs de pacientes con HGI simulan tener una mayor capacidad migratoria que amerita ser explorada en futuros trabajos de investigación.
Przemiany systemu zarządzania kryzysowego w Polsce w obliczu wojny na Ukrainie w świetle uregulowań prawnych
Authors: Wilk-Jakubowski Grzegorz , Harabin Radosław
Published: May 2024

Celem artykułu jest analiza przemian systemu zarządzania kryzysowego, które zostały wprowadzone w następstwie kryzysu uchodźczego stanowiącego konsekwencję wybuchu wojny rosyjsko-ukraińskiej w 2022 roku. Analizą objęte zostaną akty prawne modyfikujące wyżej wymieniony system. Zaprezentowane zostanie nowe rozwiązanie prawne, jakim są polecenia wydawane przez Prezesa Rady Ministrów, ministrów, a także wojewodów. Następnie przedstawione zostaną przykłady ich wykorzystania w celu zapewnienia sprawnej realizacji zadań z zakresu zarządzania kryzysowego. W artykule uwzględniony został stan prawny na dzień 25 lutego 2023 roku.
Files of the Polish Welfare Committee Kraków–Miasto as a source for studying women’s history in 1939–1945
Authors: Czocher Anna
Published: May 2024

Files of the Polish Welfare Committee Kraków–Miasto (Polish name: Polski Komitet Opiekuńczy Kraków-Miasto, acronym PolKO) are stored in the National Archives in Kraków and have been open to research for years. These files are a highly valuable source for researching the reality of life under occupation, and one of the archival collection whose potential is not being fully exploited by researchers. The purpose of this review is therefore an attempt to show the potential that the PolKO files contribute to the study of women’s history and its interdisciplinary potential. The Polish Welfare Committee Kraków–Miasto was a local branch of the Central Welfare Council (Rada Główna Opiekuńcza, RGO) that remained the only Polish welfare organisation in the General Government whose operation was permitted by the Germans. The records produced by the committee, albeit incomplete, reflect the main courses of activities these institutions undertook. Why can they useful as a source for researching women’s history? During the German occupation, official charitable activities became the domain of women. They were the majority among PolKO Kraków–Miasto personnel and cooperating individuals. The wartime circumstances also made women a majority among the committee’s beneficiaries. Analysing the PolKO records, you find information concerning both individual women’s motivation for embarking on charitable activity, the nature of work they performed, and the degree of involvement on the one hand, and reasons for poverty, and the types of support expected and delivered on the other.
The strategy used by the defence in the post-war trials set before the Supreme National Tribunalwith particular reference to the trials in Krakow
Authors: Lubecka Joanna
Published: May 2024

One of the most important conditions for a "fair trial" is not only the right of every defendant to a defense, but also the diligent work of lawyers. Post-war trials before the Supreme National Tribunal took place in an extremely difficult atmosphere. The communist takeover, especially in the area of the judiciary, resulted in a departure from the principles of fair trial. However, before the NTN, accused Germans were defended by prominent pre-war attorneys who provided a guarantee that the highest standards of defense would be realized. Nevertheless, their work was extremely difficult. The course of the cruel German occupation resulted in a vengeful mood in society, with many Poles showing a lack of understanding of the need for judicial defense. Advocates, often themselves aggrieved by the German occupier, undertook defense ex officio, despite the perceived public reluctance. The article focuses on the role and strategy of the defense, particularly in terms of the mitigating circumstances presented by the attorneys, which were intended to soften sentences. The analysis presented in the text is intended to prove that the lawyers defending German defendants in trials before the NTN, fulfilled this duty in accordance with the principles of "fair trial" thereby significantly contributing to the perception of the Supreme National Tribunal as a court operating in accordance with the standards of Western civilization.
Realization of an organization's dynamic capabilities in the system of strategic innovation management: theoretical and conceptual analysis
Authors: Nozdrichev Maksim , Lazareva Elena
Published: May 2024

The study of innovation management in an organization at the strategic level becomes particularly relevant in the context of the evolution of the theory of strategic management from the resource-based to the post-industrial paradigm, as well as the focus on people, knowledge and experience as sources of innovation. The growing openness of organizations and innovativeness in the development of competitiveness create the need for a systematic approach to managing dynamic capabilities. As part of the theoretical analysis, the problems of a systemic view of innovation management in an organization are considered, as well as key trends in defining the concept of strategy in the context of resource-based and post-industrial theories. Namely, the definition of the concept of a system used is given and the signs of consistency in relation to innovation management are described: structuredness, interconnectedness, focus, integrity, self-development of the corresponding management systems. The concept of strategy is defined in terms of the strategic states and processes of the organization: as a result of innovation and operational processes, a transition occurs from past states to future ones. The necessary terms of the concept of dynamic capabilities are described. The results of the study, carried out, in turn, within the framework of the dissertation research, determine the role of innovation and strategic innovation management in the implementation of the concept of the organization's dynamic capabilities: innovation management implements high-level dynamic capabilities of the organization, and strategic innovation management implements the dynamic capabilities of the innovation management system. Based on the recursive transfer of structure, the controllable factors of endogenous strategies of innovation and strategic innovation management are considered. Namely, the content of products, core competencies, dynamic capabilities, organizational routines, resources and factors of production as controlled factors of endogenous strategies of innovation and strategic innovation management systems is revealed. The sequence of questions that make up the order of applying the results in practice is given. The main goal of applying the research results in practice is to identify and manage the primary sources of the formation and development of high-level dynamic capabilities of organizations.
Artificial Intelligence: The Biggest Threat to Democracy Today?
Authors: Nie Michelle
Published: May 2024

The impact of generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) on increasing misinformation is well-understood. But there remain questions on how GenAI impacts the well-being of individuals and societies at large. This paper tackles this question from a political science standpoint and considers the impact on democracy, which is linked to individual and social well-being. It examines aspects of AI systems, including GenAI systems, that threaten to undermine democracy the most, such as misinformation. This paper also clarifies the nature of these threats to democracy, makes the connection to epistemic agency and political trust, and outlines potential outcomes to society and political institutions, including accelerating the rise of populism, the enhancement of authoritarian governments, and the threat of rule by algorithms.
A BAYESIAN CALIBRATION FRAMEWORK WITH EMBEDDED MODEL ERROR FOR MODEL DIAGNOSTICS
Authors: Hegde Arun , Weiss Elan , Windl Wolfgang , Najm Habib N. , Safta Cosmin
Published: May 2024

We study the utility and performance of a Bayesian model error embedding construction in the context of molecular dynamics modeling of metallic alloys, where we embed model error terms in existing interatomic potential model parameters. To alleviate the computational burden of this approach, we propose a framework combining likelihood approximation and Gaussian process surrogates.We leverage sparse Gaussian process techniques to construct a hierarchy of increasingly accurate but more expensive surrogate models. This hierarchy is then exploited by multilevel Markov chain Monte Carlo methods to efficiently sample from the target posterior distribution. We illustrate the utility of this approach by calibrating an interatomic potential model for a family of gold-copper alloys. In particular, this case study highlights effective means for dealing with computational challenges with Bayesian model error embedding in large-scale physical models, and the utility of embedded model error for model diagnostics.
A longitudinal survey on the effect of the Covid-19 pandemic on long-term rail commuting
Authors: Magriço Diogo , Siraut John , Fuller Thomas
Published: May 2024

The Covid-19 pandemic led to fundamental changes in working and commuting patterns for a segment of the workforce, with significant impacts on the level of patronage of public transport systems that are focused on catering to commuters. This aim of this work was to quantify this impact in the long term, using a longitudinal sample of 3826 commuters with a focus on those using rail in Great Britain. Using a panel built in 2020, commuting habits pre-pandemic were compared with those in February 2023. Survey data can now shed light on long-term behavioural adjustments. Building on previous waves, the current wave addresses topics such as commuting frequency, frequency of working from home (WFH) and individual perceptions of WFH and/or in the workplace plus long-term individual decisions such as changes in home location. The results revealed that the pandemic led to a reduction of 1.18 in the number of days commuting to work per week and an increase of 0.85 in the number of days WFH. In addition, if employers had not put restrictions on workplace attendance, the return to commuting would have been 12 percentage points lower. Nonetheless, there is evidence employees are internalising their employer's restrictions to some extent.
Privacy and Assurance: On the Right to Be Forgotten
Authors: Casleton Scott
Published: May 2024

The right to be forgotten enables individuals to remove certain links from search results that appear when their names are entered as search terms. Formulated as a distinct application of the general right to privacy, the right to be forgotten has proven highly controversial, for two reasons. First, it is difficult to see how the specific right to be forgotten can apply to the withdrawal of public information, since the general right to privacy typically covers the disclosure of private information. Second, as a putative right to withdraw information from public reach, the right to be forgotten poses a threat to freedom of speech, which depends on the accessibility of information. By responding to these two objections, this paper develops a novel account of the right to be forgotten, understood as a claim of withdrawal grounded in both privacy and free speech interests.
Clinical and hematological characteristics and complications of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia in the astrakhan region
Authors: Kozak D. M. , Ovsyannikova E. G.
Published: May 2024

The article presents the incidence of chronic lymphocytic leukemia in the Astrakhan region. The regularity of the development of infectious complications of chronic lymphocytic leukemia depending on the gender, age of patients, type of pathogens of bacterial, viral and fungal etiology was revealed. Infectious complications of chronic lymphocytic leukemia have been studied depending on the localization of the process and the stage of the course of the underlying disease.
Güzel Sanatlar Lisesi Müzik Bölümü Öğrencilerinin Akademik Güdülenme Düzeylerinin Çeşitli Değişkenlere Göre İncelenmesi
Authors: Kavak Bilal , Yöndem Sadık
Published: May 2024

Bu araştırma, Güzel sanatlar lisesi müzik bölümü öğrencilerinin akademik güdülenme düzeylerini incelemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Nicel araştırma yöntemlerinden ilişkisel tarama modelinin kullanıldığı bu araştırmanın evrenini Türkiye’deki güzel sanatlar liselerinde öğrenim gören müzik bölümü öğrencileri oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın örneklem grubunu ise Güzel sanatlar liselerinde öğrenim gören 192’si kız 135’i erkek toplam 327 müzik bölümü öğrencisi oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın verilerini toplamak amacıyla, öğrencilere Kişisel Bilgi Formu ve Akademik Güdülenme Ölçeği (AGÖ) uygulanmıştır. Verilerin güvenirlik analizini hesaplamak için Cronbach alfa, normallik analizini hesaplamak için Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Shapiro-Wilk testi, ikili gruplar karşılaştırılırken Mann-Whitney U testi, daha fazla olan gruplar karşılaştırılırken ise Kruskal-Wallis testi kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre Güzel sanatlar lisesi müzik bölümü öğrencilerinin barınma durumları ile akademik güdülenme düzeyleri arasında, ölçeğin alt boyutlarından “kendini aşma” puanı ve Akademik Güdülenme Ölçeği toplam puanına göre anlamlı bir farklılık olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bunun yanında araştırmaya katılan öğrencilerin sınıf seviyelerine göre akademik güdülenme düzeylerinde, ölçeğin keşif puanı açısından anlamlı bir farklılık bulunurken, öğrencilerin cinsiyet ve ana çalgı değişkenleri açısından akademik güdülenme düzeylerinde anlamlı bir farklılık bulunmamıştır.
Mesleki ve Teknik Anadolu Lisesi Öğrencilerinin Matematik Kavramına İlişkin Metaforik Algıları
Authors: Kazak Ender , Koca Zuhal
Published: May 2024

Bu çalışmanın amacı, mesleki ve teknik Anadolu lisesi öğrencilerinin matematik kavramına ilişkin metaforik algılarını belirlemektir. Nitel yorumlayıcı paradigmaya sahip olan bu çalışmada olgubilim deseni kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu, 2022-2023 Eğitim-Öğretim yılı Bolu ili Merkez ilçesine bağlı bulunan bir mesleki ve teknik Anadolu lisesinde öğrenim gören 9, 10 ve 11. sınıfa devam eden 180 öğrenci oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmada katılımcıların seçimi için amaçlı örnekleme yöntemlerinden ölçüt örnekleme yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırma verileri, katılımcıların “Matematik ...…... gibidir, çünkü ……..” cümlesini tamamlamalarıyla elde edilmiştir. Verilerin analizinde içerik analizi kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda öğrencilerin matematik kavramına ilişkin geçerli 151 metafor ürettiği görülmüştür. Üretilen metaforlar olumlu metaforlar, olumsuz metaforlar ve ne olumlu ne de olumsuz metaforlar olmak üzere üç grupta incelenmiştir. Olumlu metaforlar içerisinde en çok “hayat” ve “su” metaforları, olumsuz metaforlar içerisinde en çok “hayat”, “labirent” ve “oyun” metaforları, ne olumlu ne de olumsuz metaforlar içerisinde ise en çok “hayat” ve “üzüm” metaforlarının kullanıldığı tespit edilmiştir. Metaforlar ortak özellikleri ve kullanım nedenlerine göre incelenerek 20 kategori altında toplanmıştır. Olumlu metaforik algılarda “öğretici”, olumsuz metaforik algılarda “bitmeyen”, ne olumlu ne olumsuz metaforik algılarda “değişkenlik gösteren” kavramsal kategorileri en çok metafora sahiptir. Öğrencilerin genel olarak olumsuz metaforik algılara sahip olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Öğretmenlere matematik dersini öğrencinin seviyesine uygun düzenlemesi, öğrencinin dikkatini çekme becerilerini iyi kullanması, öğrencinin hazır bulunuşluğunun olup olmama durumunu bilmesi, işlenen konuları günlük hayatla ilişkilendirmesi önerilebilir.
Transcription factor ASCL1 targets SLC6A13 to inhibit the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma via the glycine-inflammasome signaling
Authors: Zhang Hongyan , Zong Ruiqing , Wu Huiqi , Jiang Jun , Liu Chuanyong , Liu Suiyi
Published: May 2024

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most common primary liver cancer, typically arises from chronic liver conditions such as hepatitis, cirrhosis, or other chronic liver diseases, and is characterized by its aggressive nature and poor prognosis. The purpose of this research was to clarify the function of achaete-scute family bHLH transcription factor 1 (ASCL1) and solute carrier family 6 member 13 (SLC6A13) in influencing tumor cell behavior, inflammatory responses, and the regulation of inflammasomes. We analyzed the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the Cancer Genome Atlas-Liver Hepatocellular Carcinoma (TCGA-LIHC) database, as well as in the GSE14520 and GSE67764 datasets, to identify the expression changes of SLC6A13 in liver cancer. The prognostic significance of SLC6A13 in LIHC was assessed through Kaplan-Meier survival curve analysis. Transcriptional regulation of SLC6A13 by ASCL1 was explored using the Joint Annotation of the Human Genome and other species by the Systematic Pipeline for the Annotation of Regulatory Regions (JASPAR) database and dual-luciferase assays. In vitro experiments investigated the impact of ASCL1 and SLC6A13 overexpression on HCC cell growth. Additionally, the effects of ethanol treatment and glycine modulation on the inflammatory response in HCC cell lines were evaluated. HCC samples showed reduced levels of SLC6A13, which correlates with a better prognosis for liver metastases. Elevated SLC6A13 expression correlated with improved overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), recurrence-free survival (RFS), and disease-specific survival (DSS). ASCL1 upregulated SLC6A13 and inhibited proliferation, migration, and invasion of HCC cells. Ethanol induced the production of inflammatory cytokines, which was enhanced by overexpression of SLC6A13 but counteracted by glycine. This study highlighted elevated expression of SLC6A13 in LIHC which has been correlated with improved OS, PFS, RFS, and DSS. Overexpression of SLC6A13 and ASCL1 in HCC cells enhanced inflammasome activation, which was exacerbated by ethanol and attenuated by glycine.
Hairy root generation in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and selection of Agrobacterium rhizogenes clones v2
Authors: Pacheco Ronal , Estrada-Navarrete Georgina , Nava Noreide , Solis-Miranda Jorge , Quinto Carmen
Published: May 2024

The common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is one of the legumes used to study the molecular mechanisms that regulate mycorrhizal and rhizobial symbioses. To study these mechanisms, the generation of transgenic hairy roots is a very advantageous method for applying genetic approaches. However, the generation of hairy roots is a difficult task that requires a lot of skill and experience. Here we show a new version of an optimized protocol for the generation of hairy roots in common bean. This version includes photos and videos showing the procedure for preparing the Agrobacterium rhizogenes culture and the infection procedure, which were not included in the original version. Additionally, we included a step for growing hairy roots under hydroponic conditions.
Slice preparation v1
Authors: Biagio Mercuri Nicola
Published: May 2024

Slice preparation for electrophysiology
Protocols for "Functional efficacy of the MAO-B inhibitor safinamide in murine substantia nigra pars compacta dopaminergic neurons in vitro: a comparative study with tranylcypromine" v1
Authors: Biagio Mercuri Nicola
Published: May 2024

Methodological collection for electrophysiological investigations of neuronal firing in vitro
MetaAMRSpotter: Automated workflow with shell scripting for uncovering hidden AMR hotspots from metagenomes v1
Authors: K Chandrashekar , S Setlur Anagha , Pooja S , Purushotham Rao M , Niranjan Vidya
Published: May 2024

This protocol employs a novel, open-source automated pipeline scripted entirely in shell for analyzing metagenomic data from various samples. Designed to streamline the workflow, the pipeline integrates functionalities for pathogen identification, antimicrobial resistance (AMR) gene detection, and listing the probable antibiotics to which the genes are resistant. This user-friendly pipeline eliminates the need for manual tools installation and configuration, simplifying the analysis process. It directly analyzes raw sequencing reads, if there is presence of appropriate reference genomes and runs through the pipeline for each sample. This protocol runs nine tools together, with just one input given at the start of the program. Demonstrated using publicly available data on both a desktop Linux system and a high-performance computing cluster, the pipeline acknowledges potential variations arising from different software tools and versions, providing users the flexibility to modify them as needed. This approach offers a robust solution for metagenomic data analysis from varied samples, facilitating efficient and accurate detection and uncovering of hidden AMR hotspots. Keywords: AMR gene prediction, metagenomics, automated pipeline, shell scripting
Sistema de salud ancestral de la comunidad yanacona de Frontino (Cauca) Sanación para el buen vivir
Authors: Lopera Medina Mónica María , Henao Restrepo María Isabel , Anacona Palechor Jhon Hegner
Published: May 2024

Este libro, derivado de investigación, destaca las concepciones acerca de la salud, la enfermedad, la vida y el bienestar que guían a los yanaconas, y la relación de tales concepciones con los pilares de su plan de vida. Para el análisis actual del sistema de salud ancestral se establecen diferencias entre los subgrupos poblaciones y se muestran algunos elementos que trascienden su utilización en la curación de enfermedades y son importantes en otras dimensiones del bienestar. La obra también analiza los fenómenos que propician la continuidad de este sistema ancestral, lo mismo que aquellos que constituyen una amenaza, e identifica algunas relaciones, positivas y negativas, que se producen en su articulación con el sistema de salud hegemónico.
Teachers' Self-efficacy and Job Pressure in Response to general requirements in the new educational curriculum in Vietnam
Authors: Ngoc Le Diep
Published: May 2024

Teachers' self-efficacy perception has played an important role in supporting them in adapting well to new changes at work. One hundred fifty-eight high school Vietnamese teachers voluntarily participated in this study. Teachers' self-efficacy scale was used in this study. The scale was translated into Vietnamese, and quantitative data was collected via online questionnaires. Qualitative data was gathered during open-ended questions about teachers' specific pressure from changes in the general education curriculum in Vietnam integrated into the survey. Factor analysis confirmed the appropriateness of the teacher's self-efficacy scale in the context of Vietnamese teachers. The pressure decreased when teachers had confidence in the effectiveness of the strategies used in teaching. In addition, three other specific items were found that caused pressure on teachers regarding the changing of the new curriculum. The conclusions have contributed practical significance to studies of teachers' self-efficacy in the multicultural context. These have also made a theoretical contribution to the studies on teachers' self-efficacy in the new requirements that need to be met in changes in educational programs.
Incidence of human rabies following bite or exposure to laboratory confirmed rabid animals
Authors: Sandhu Kanwarpreet S. , Bawa Pahul K. , Sandhu Bhupinder S.
Published: May 2024

Background: Rabies is one of the important endemic fatal zoonotic viral disease afflicting humans and animals in Punjab, India. The present study investigated the incidence of rabies in humans bitten/exposed to laboratory confirmed rabid animals, as well as incidence after use of vaccine or rabies immunoglobulin (RIG) and clinico-epidemiological studies.
Methods: A study was conducted during August 2021 to September 2022 on forty (40) rabies suspected animals presented to diagnose rabies by direct fluorescent antibody test (dFAT) at rabies diagnostic laboratory (RDL), Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (GADVASU), Punjab, India. A detailed questionnaire was prepared for obtaining information about exposure/bite of humans by rabid animals, death of humans, demographic and epidemiological information of victims.
Results: Out of total forty (40) suspected rabies cases, 30(75%) were found positive for rabies by dFAT. Laboratory confirmed rabies (LCR) incidence was 60.80% and 21.73% in stray and pet dogs, respectively. All pet dogs were vaccinated but no stray dog was vaccinated. The LCR incidence in buffaloes and cattle was 77.77% and 100%, respectively. Further in humans exposed to rabid animals (59), males were at more risk than females. The human rabies incidence was 3.38% (2/59). Highest incidence of dog bites in adult males on lower limb was observed from urban stray dogs (60.80%) followed by children. Post exposure vaccination was given to 98.3% humans exposed to rabid animals. Human’s rabies in two cases was due to no vaccination or RIG.
Conclusions: Vaccination is an important step in controlling rabies in India. There is a need for integrated and comprehensive management of street dogs and bite management.