bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A new species of the genus Skejotettix (Orthoptera, Tetrigidae) from Nepal
Authors: Subedi Madan
Published: April 2023

This paper describes a new species of Skejotetix Subedi, 2022, S. kasalosp. nov., from the temperate forests of Bajung, Parbat, Nepal. The genus was known only from the subtropical regions of Nepal. The new species and its different life stages were observed in the natural habitat. It was found to have many colors that match perfectly with the surroundings. The genus Skejotettix was considered brachypronotal until now, but a macropronotal form was also found alongside the typical brachypronotal form in S. kasalosp. nov. The macropronotal form is an important piece of the puzzle in determining the relationship between Skejotettix and Ergatetttix Kirby, 1914.
Une évolution désorientée
Authors: Darmangeat Christophe
Published: April 2023

Au-delà de ce qui sépare les sciences de la vie de celles de la société, un consensus de plus en plus large s’est imposé autour de conceptions qui, entre autres, attribuent un rôle primordial à la contingence dans les trajectoires de long terme. On en expose ici les arguments – d’une remarquable similarité – et l’on en propose une critique succincte, en portant une attention particulière aux dimensions politiques du débat.
Norme linguistique : la double impasse du purisme et du relativisme
Authors: Adami Hervé
Published: April 2023

Les débats autour de la norme linguistique sont récurrents, notamment dans le domaine scolaire. Ils tournent autour d’une double question récurrente : la norme linguistique scolaire n’est-elle qu’un instrument de domination ou représente-t-elle au contraire le moyen d’accéder à un répertoire langagier plus riche ? Pour tenter d’y répondre, il convient d’abord de sortir du face-à-face vicié entre le purisme et le relativisme culturel et d’aborder la question en la replaçant dans son contexte historique et social.
Ukraine : après un an de guerre, des enjeux cruciaux !
Authors: Wurtz Francis
Published: April 2023

Un an après les débuts de la guerre, de premiers enseignements peuvent se dégager, pour les belligérants directs, comme pour les états-Unis, la Chine, l’Europe et les pays des Suds, tant sur le plan militaire que sur celui de l’économie et des relations diplomatiques et stratégiques. De plus, des risques d’escalade se dessinent, avec des points de crispation sur lesquels il conviendrait de garder la tête froide.
Les migrations des Wenzhou depuis la Chine : des schémas de mobilité spécifiques
Authors: Li Zhipeng
Published: April 2023

Cet article décrit les réseaux d’entrepreneurs chinois, et plus spécifiquement les réseaux des Wenzhou, à partir de la présentation de leurs principaux schémas de mobilité, en s’intéressant à leurs espaces de circulation ainsi qu’à leurs pays d’installation à travers le monde. Il met en évidence le lien étroit entre la répartition géographique des Wenzhou et l’émergence de la figure de « l’entrepreneur diasporique », non seulement dans les pays d’immigration mais aussi dans le pays d’origine, qui repose sur la mise en place de réseaux migratoires et commerciaux au sein du groupe diasporique. Par ailleurs, cette contribution — qui s’appuie sur des données collectées au cours de plusieurs enquêtes qualitatives (entretiens semi-directifs, observations de terrain), conduites entre 2011 et 2020, auprès des membres de la communauté wenzhou en France et en Chine — présente un panorama des principaux pays d’installation des Wenzhou depuis les années 2000, permettant ainsi de réfléchir aux facteurs qui contribuent à la mise en place et au fonctionnement des schémas de mobilité des Wenzhou grâce à l’analyse des modalités de constitution des réseaux sociaux que ces entrepreneurs tissent entre eux.
Les luttes des migrants face aux violences sur les routes migratoires dans les Amériques et au sud de la Méditerranée
Authors: Córdova Morales Edgar , Touré Niandou
Published: April 2023

Doctorant au Centre de recherches et d’études supérieures en anthropologie sociale ( ciesas ) de Mexico, Edgar Córdova Morales travaille, depuis 2015, sur les violences subies par les migrants aux frontières de l’Europe, en Méditerranée. Il mène actuellement une recherche comparative qui a pour terrains d’étude la frontière sud du Mexique (Tapachula, dans la région de Soconusco) et le sud de la Tunisie. Dans cet entretien, il revient sur divers questionnements théoriques : de la question de la sécurisation des frontières aux facteurs à l’origine des migrations internationales entre l’Amérique centrale et l’Amérique du Nord, en passant par les enjeux liés à la racialisation ou encore aux formes contemporaines du « biopouvoir » dans les politiques migratoires.
Paul Bourget, collectionneur et amateur de primitifs siennois
Authors: Coulangeon Cécile
Published: April 2023

Paul Bourget avait rassemblé de son vivant une collection d’œuvres d’art qui comprenait notamment des tableaux réalisés par des maîtres siennois de la Renaissance. Son goût pour l’art italien en général transparaît dans la plupart de ses écrits mais force est de constater que les primitifs siennois y tiennent une place discrète, à côté des grands artistes florentins de la génération de Michel-Ange. Ce décalage traduit une forme d’ambivalence chez Paul Bourget, difficile à expliquer mais emblématique de l’auteur.
Accueillir dans une communauté éducative inclusive : de l’ailleurs chez nous
Authors: Mutuale Augustin
Published: April 2023

L’allocution de la rentrée doctorale de la Faculté d’Éducation et de Formation de l’Institut Catholique de Paris ouvre l’année universitaire 2022-2023 aux axes de travail en lien avec les institutions inclusives. En partant du projet facultaire « Communauté éducative inclusive » pour aller vers une « École de Paris en éducation », l’objectif est de développer, dans les dix prochaines années, une pensée pratique sur les questions relatives aux institutions inclusives. Certaines de ces questions, qui s’inscrivent dans des territoires, seront exposées dans la leçon doctorale du professeur Bruno Garnier et la réponse du docteur Fabienne Serina-Karsky. Elles invitent à ouvrir une année doctorale placée sous le signe de « l’ailleurs ici », « l’ailleurs chez nous », dans la rencontre et l’accueil de l’étranger.
Alprazolam-XR: A Pharmacokinetic Review
Authors: Evans R Lee
Published: April 2023

Abbreviations Used

AUC: area under (the plasma concentration time) curve

AUC^sub D^: dose-corrected AUC

Cl^sub O^: oral clearance

C^sub max^: maximal concentration

C^sub maxD^: dose-corrected C^sub max^

C^sub min^: minimal concentration

CT: compressed tablet

SED^sub max^: maximal sedation

T^sub max^: time to achieve C^sub max^

XR: extended-release
The state of the 'Prosperity' pillar by 2022: A partial ordering-based analysis of the sustainable development goals 7–11
Authors: Carlsen Lars
Published: April 2023

Based on the data provided in the 2022 Sustainable Development Report the so-called Prosperity pillar, i.e., the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 7–11 is studied to elucidate the state of compliance as well as the trends in development for the 193 countries included in the report. To the extent that data for all five SDGs were available partial ordering methodology was applied to rank the countries according to their compliance as well as their trend toward compliance. The analyses took simultaneously data for all five SDGs into account to get an overall picture of the prosperity midway through the 15 years period for the 17 UN SDGs. It was disclosed that the ten top countries, i.e., presently best comply with the prosperity goals were Denmark > Austria = Finland = Sweden = Norway > Slovenia > Germany > Portugal > Japan > Iceland, respectively. In the case of the trends, the top ten countries were found to be Germany > Netherlands > Ecuador > Bhutan = Finland = Ireland = Slovak Republic > Czech Republic = Maldives = Malta, respectively. It was further disclosed that SDG 10 (Reduced inequalities) appeared as the most important indicator for the ranking, whereas SDG 9 (Industry, innovation, and infrastructure) appeared as the least important. A similar set of analyses was carried out for country regions. The top regions both in the case of states and trends were the OECD and the high-income countries whereas the bottom of the list was the low-income countries and Africa. The study unambiguously points to SDG 10 (reduced inequalities) as the main focus for the remaining period.
Améliorer les conditions d’exercice du management pour réduire les risques psychosociaux
Authors: Karsenty Laurent , Pisani Pierre
Published: April 2023

Les risques psychosociaux augmentent lorsque les manifestations d’une activité bridée, voire empêchée, n’occasionnent pas de débat sur le travail ou ne conduisent pas à leur trouver des solutions satisfaisantes. Ce peut être le cas lorsque les managers ne bénéficient pas de conditions essentielles à l’exercice de leur fonction et rencontrent des difficultés pour la mettre en œuvre. S’attacher à comprendre l’origine de ces difficultés et chercher à y remédier peut alors devenir le meilleur moyen d’abaisser les risques psychosociaux pesant sur l’ensemble des salariés d’une structure. C’est l’idée qui est développée dans cet article, en s’appuyant sur une intervention réalisée dans une structure associative gérant un complexe médico-social. Cette intervention a été initiée à la demande de son Comité Social et Économique (CSE) qui constatait une accumulation de plaintes de la part des salariés depuis la mise en place d’une nouvelle organisation. Sur la base des analyses menées au cours de cette intervention, plusieurs origines aux difficultés des managers ont été mises en évidence, certaines étant assez générales dans le cadre de l’exercice de la fonction managériale et d’autres plus spécifiquement liées à la transformation organisationnelle menée au sein de la structure. Un plan d’actions résultant de ces analyses a été élaboré par plusieurs acteurs de cette structure. Mais au-delà de ce plan d’actions, les résultats de nos analyses conduisent à proposer des mesures de portée plus générale pour améliorer les conditions d’exercice du management.
L’autonomie : un concept central pour le développement de l’activité de travail des agriculteurs à l’ère de l’anthropocène
Authors: Coquil Xavier
Published: April 2023

L’activité de travail des agriculteurs est fortement questionnée à l’ère de l’anthropocène : se transformer ou disparaitre. L’activité agricole lie une extrême dépendance avec les cycles naturels : ceux-ci sont fortement dégradés par les changements globaux. L’autodétermination et la confiance, le sens critique, et le pouvoir politique sont trois dimensions de l’autonomie pour penser l’accompagnement de la transformation de l’activité des agriculteurs. Cette transformation de l’activité relève d’un double mouvement : une émancipation vis-à-vis d’un contexte socio-professionnel normatif, ultra-dominant et peu durable et un développement professionnel de l’activité de travail des agriculteurs. En effet, les normes professionnelles dominantes conduisent à une déconnexion entre agriculture et nature avec des effets environnementaux très forts. L’enjeu pour les agriculteurs est de concevoir de nouvelles façons de faire et de penser leur travail selon un autre pacte avec la nature. L’accompagnement de l’autonomie dans ses trois dimensions permet aux agriculteurs de reprendre pas à pas la main sur l’activité de conception de leur travail. La conception de leur travail nécessite une confiance en eux-mêmes et une prise de pouvoir politique dans les instances dans lesquelles ils construisent les savoir-faire et expériences d’intérêt dans ce nouveau cadre de pensée, pour définir une pensée critique sur les artefacts qu’ils mobilisent. Le rôle, les méthodes et les postures de la recherche, de l’enseignement et du développement agricole sont fortement questionnés pour travailler l’autonomie comme un moyen. Les transformations de l’activité de travail des agriculteurs sont centrales pour la durabilité du secteur d’activité.
Concevoir des dispositifs intégrant une technologie autonome : du technique au politique
Authors: Compan Nathan , Brunet Benjamin , Mestanza Mirtha , Renonciat Amélie , Monéger Ferdinand , Récopé Michel , Rix-Lièvre Géraldine , Coutarel Fabien
Published: April 2023

L’« industrie du futur » met en avant la transformation technologique via la révolution numérique comme axe majeur de construction des performances industrielles à venir, promesse de flexibilité et d’amélioration des conditions de travail. Nombre de ces technologies visent à être autonomes. Nous interrogerons cette autonomie souhaitée des machines et notamment les principes qui la fondent.Nous présentons les principaux résultats de trois projets de conception de dispositifs autonomes (DTA) : l’introduction d’un cobot industriel, la conception d’un robot agricole autonome, et la conception de navettes autonomes. Pour chacun de ces trois projets, nous montrerons les limites de l’autonomie, quand elle conduit à laisser de côté la conception du dispositif et donc des relations entre les entités, y compris autonomes. En évitant de poser la question des dispositifs, les concepteurs réduisent la complexité de leur tâche. Mais les conditions contextuelles favorables à l’effectivité des performances visées par l’introduction de la technologie font ensuite souvent défaut. Dans ces conditions, l’opérateur humain demeure la principale variable d’ajustement à partir de laquelle une intégration, bien que dégradée, reste possible.Dans la lignée de propositions antérieures inscrites en ergonomie de l’activité, nous défendons l’importance de porter la question de la relation très tôt dans la conception de dispositifs intégrant une technologie autonome. Pour cela, nous défendons l’intérêt d’une approche de la conception fondée sur l’extension des capacités d’action, ainsi que l’intérêt d’une attention plus forte à la dimension politique des projets et donc à la vision du travail futur que ces technologies émergentes soutiennent implicitement.
Accompagner la responsabilisation : l’intervention ergonomique comme mise en dialogue des aspirations et prescriptions d’autonomie
Authors: Leonard Domitille
Published: April 2023

En s’inspirant du courant des « entreprises libérées » et du « mode agile », les entreprises ont formulé ces dernières années des projets de « responsabilisation » pour rendre leurs salariés plus autonomes. Ces nouvelles formes d’organisations visent une meilleure performance, adaptation à leur environnement et un bien-être accru pour les employés. La formulation de tel projet invite à repenser les formes de prescription et la mission des managers. Ils s’accompagnent de tensions liées à la permanence du contrôle et la paradoxale injonction à l’autonomie.De son côté, l’ergonomie s’intéresse à l’autonomie comme moyen de répondre à différentes atteintes sur la santé en cherchant dans ses interventions à (re)donner à l’opérateur et l’organisation la capacité d’interroger la prescription à partir des besoins de l’activité de travail. Dans une visée capacitante, l’intervention vise à poser les principes d’une plus grande subsidiarité dans l’organisation. Pour cela, il convient de comprendre l’activité du manager, ses prises de décisions et coopérations afin de pouvoir transformer, discuter et co-construire la source de la prescription.Les exemples de deux interventions décrivent la posture, méthodes et participation de l’ergonome au projet d’élargissement de l’autonomie. Les principaux résultats montrent la difficile prise en compte et repositionnement du manager, l’activité à déployer pour rendre l’autonomie possible et la persistance de freins structurels liés aux difficultés de coopérations et de conciliation des temps. La posture de l’ergonome soutient ces trajectoires sans les prescrire, en cherchant classiquement à construire les conditions d’une activité collective incluant le manager.
Formes et effets de l’autonomie au travail : le cas des aides à domicile dans la construction de leurs propres plannings
Authors: Flamard Laëtitia , Marchand Xavier
Published: April 2023

L’autonomie a longtemps été considérée comme un objectif individuel des opérateurs, mais l’autonomie collective devient de plus en plus un objectif des managers et des directions afin de répondre aux enjeux de compétitivité. Dans le secteur de l’aide à domicile, les organisations centrées sur le principe d’autonomie se développent, en particulier au travers de l’activité d’ordonnancement du personnel, c’est-à-dire la conception des plannings de travail, périmètre le plus souvent octroyé pour développer l’autonomie des intervenants à domicile. L’article propose une analyse comparée de trois retours d’expériences relatifs à la mise en place d’équipes dites autonomes dans ce secteur. Conjointement à une analyse de l’activité et des processus d’autonomisation, le but de cet article est d’ancrer la question de l’autonomie dans les pratiques de travail – analyser comment les activités, les stratégies, ici dans le champ de l’ordonnancement se développent sur la base des ressources mises à disposition.Dans ce contexte, les aides à domicile construisent un ordonnancement collectif et négocié. Pour autant, ce travail d’articulation n’est pas toujours suffisant afin de concevoir des plannings acceptables et acceptés. Le contraste entre les résultats obtenus dans différentes structures montre que l’autonomie n’est pas donnée d’avance, mais doit se construire de manière dynamique et dans un environnement technique et social favorable, au sein duquel les managers ont un rôle essentiel, bien qu’ils soient concernés eux-mêmes par une évolution de leur rôle et de leurs pratiques managériales.
Capability Building and Development in Socio-Intercultural Entrepreneurship
Authors: Vargas-Hernández José G. , Vargas-González Omar C.
Published: April 2023

This study aims to analyze the socio-intercultural entrepreneurship as a capability building and development. The analysis departs from the assumption that entrepreneurship is a cultural embedded concept, although the intercultural category used in entrepreneurial studies has not been founded full conceptual, theoretical, and empirical support. Based on this existing research gap that this analysis reviews, the literature to address the main issues of the socio-intercultural entrepreneurship focusing in the capability building and development to conclude that it is more situational context and environment oriented. The methodology used are the exploratory and analytical tools. Socio-intercultural entrepreneurship competence is highly related to be situational context and environment-dependent on awareness and understanding of cultural differences.
The ABCs of Education for Liberation
Authors: Abioye Akin M.
Published: April 2023

Drawing from 19th and 20th century Black intellectuals and contemporary education scholars, this chapter is placed within the context of critical race theory in education, Black revolutionary change, and Afrocentricity as a method to show how what the author calls radical pedagogy can help to create more equitable outcomes for Black students. This chapter is placed in the paradigm of a survivalist perspective, which as a theoretical philosophy maintains Blacks have prevailed in sustaining their African roots, culture, and identity. Combining learnings from leading scholars, this chapter serves as a primer for educators looking for a set of guidelines that can disrupt what is happening in schools offering a route to the decolonization of these experiences for Black students.
The Influence of the Media on Public Perceptions of Youth in Foster Care and in Adoptive Care
Authors: Ponciano Leslie
Published: April 2023

This multi-phased research examined media portrayals of youth in foster care (YFC) and how those portrayals influence public perception. The first phase found that the Los Angeles public negatively perceives media portrayals and life outcomes for YFC. The mental model of YFC was mostly inaccurate. Media portrayals influenced perceptions of mental models and life outcomes, even for those who have direct experience with YFC. Phase 2 found that deliberate priming of positive media portrayals failed to change entrenched negative perceptions of life outcomes for YFC. Phase 3 was a national survey in which the American public was more likely to perceive negative media portrayals and negative life outcomes for YFC as compared to youth in adoptive care (YAC). Media portrayals and beliefs about media accuracy predicted perceptions. Higher levels of consumption of traditional media types and media genres magnified perceived differences between YFC and YAC. The respondents with a foster care-like experience in childhood skewed younger, consumed more non-traditional media, and held more positive perceptions of YFC as compared to those without personal experience.
Identifying Structural Factors Affecting Healthcare for Women Living With HIV/AIDS Through Autobiographical Narratives
Authors: Malik Anu , Dixit Shikha
Published: April 2023

The experience of living with HIV is embedded with stigma and discrimination deeply rooted in the socio-cultural context. Women living with HIV (WLWH) endure complex issues due to the patriarchal structure of society in India. This study endeavors to understand structural factors affecting the healthcare of WLWH using the theoretical framework of autobiographical narratives. Open-ended interviews are conducted for this study with WLWH resulting in 11 in-depth interviews of WLWH that are used for analysis. The interviews are constructed into narratives, and grounded theory approach is used to generate codes. Further, constant comparison method is used to discern common themes among these narratives. The theoretical framework of memory specificity is used to explore the experiences of WLWH. The results of this study are broadly categorized into three themes, namely physical healthcare, psychological healthcare, and reproductive healthcare. There is a need to focus on gender-based contextual factors to improve healthcare access as well as healthcare seeking among WLWH.
Sustainability and Wine Tourism
Authors: Lopez Belen , Balderas-Cejudo Adela
Published: April 2023

Conscious use of resources without exceeding renewal capacity is a global priority for business. Developing sustainable behavior is important for the wine industry recognizing that pursuing sustainability is a challenge influencing food consumption behavior. The experience of wine tourism is clearly linked to sustainable and cultural aspects of the wine-producing region. Wine tourism occupies a particularly challenging position as a bridge between environment and society to achieve economic benefits by being more efficient. Furthermore, the combination of wine tourism and wine production is formed by the interaction of consumers with wine production teams and management systems. The goal of this chapter is two-fold: to have a better understanding of the visitors ‘perception and preferences regarding sustainable wine tourism and comprehend sustainable practices from Gramona Wineries. Findings may shed some light on the role of sustainability in the wine industry impacting consumers and relations with stakeholders.
A Structural Equation Model (SEM) of Leading Factors Influencing the Quality of Sustainable Development: A Case Study in the Southern Province of Sri Lanka
Authors: Jayasekara A. J. , Jayasekara L. A. L. W. , Sumanarathne B. M.
Published: April 2023

The Sri Lanka government which assumed office in 1977 embarked on economic liberalization reforms. The main thrust of the liberalized economic reforms has been to standardize private sector investment by providing infrastructure facilities through public investment with the aim of achieving high economic growth and employment levels. All these efforts were not as successful as the expected level since some policies were implemented without appropriate prior examinations. With the objective to fulfill the targets of sustainable development in a county, there should be equal distribution of the benefit of the development among the people. Thus, decentralization could be identified as the path to enhancing sustainable development. On this basis, the study makes an effort to offer government officials and decision-makers insights to better comprehend and raise the caliber of sustainable development in the area, as well as to bridge the knowledge gap. The suggested model is experimentally evaluated using data analysis from 1000 survey units representing all divisional secretariats' divisions in Sri Lanka's Southern region using a two-stage systematic sampling technique and the structural equation modeling method using the R tool. The findings demonstrate a strong and positive relationship between the constructions of the scales of economic, social, human, and environmental development and the quality of sustainable development. The findings of this study provide government officials and decision-makers in Sri Lanka, in particular, with valuable recommendations for understanding how various elements impact the execution of the quality of sustainable development.
Contribution of British Colonial Rule to the Conservation and Maintenance of Ancient Irrigation Works in Sri Lanka
Authors: Chithrananda D. C. , Wawwage S. , Alexander K. M. , Perera M. P. , Gamage G. C. L.
Published: April 2023

The earliest irrigation system in Sri Lanka dates back to the sixth century BC. It had reached its peak of development around the twelfth century AD. With the migration of civilization to the southwest, the arid zone was overgrown and destroyed by the abandonment of ancient irrigation industries. But many of the old irrigation industries are still active today as living heritage. This was due to the conservation and maintenance are done by the local rulers as well as the colonial rulers who ruled the country. The purpose of this research was to trace the contribution of the British colonial rulers who ruled the country for more than a century to the conservation and maintenance of the ancient irrigation industry. The research problem here is what kind of conservation and maintenance was done during the British colonial rule on the ancient irrigation system of Ceylon. Because this research is based on a qualitative approach, the methodology used in the case studies used the study of archival records and documents, direct observation, and the examination of physical archeological remains. The irrigation system, which was widespread throughout the dry zone plains, was initially protected by the people who built it and by the conservation and maintenance work done by the state machinery itself. Centuries after the collapse of civilization, ancient irrigation was rediscovered and identified, and proposals for conservation were made during British colonial rule. In addition, funding for the conservation of the irrigation industry and the implementation of small and large-scale irrigation conservation programs, as well as the formulation of laws, regulations, and institutions for conservation work, were important processes during the British colonial period.
Targeted Individualized versus Standardized Preterm Human Breast Milk Fortification: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Ahuja Avadhesh , Longkumer Temjen P. , Sikriwal Deepak , Mallaiah Raghuram
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Extrauterine growth retardation (EUGR) is one of the major problems faced in most preterm neonates. The only way to prevent EUGR is by providing adequate amount of calories through fortification of human breast milk. Human milk fortification (HMF) is now considered a standard practice to prevent EUGR in most of the neonatal units. We compared targeted individualized fortification (TIF) versus standardized fortification (SF) of breast milk with HMF to assess catch-up growth in preterm neonates.

Materials and Methods:

We conducted a prospective randomized control study at a tertiary neonatal intensive care unit in urban India for 1 year. Appropriate for gestational age neonates ≤32 weeks of gestation or with birth weight ≤1800 g were enrolled and followed up for 50 corrected weeks for the assessment of catch-up growth.

Results:

A total of 32 infants were enrolled; 25 neonates completed the study (TIF: n = 13; SF: n = 12). The mean birth weight and head circumference were 1268.76 g and 27.23 cm in the TIF group and 1172.83 g and 26.58 cm in the SF group, respectively (both P > 0.05). At the end of the study, catch-up growth for weight was achieved by 10 (77%) neonates in the TIF group and 2 (17%) neonates in the SF groups. Similarly, catch-up growth for head circumference was achieved by 7 (54%) and 1 (8%) neonates in the TIF and SF groups, respectively. However, there was a significant difference in weight (P = 0.00071) and head circumference (P = 0.001752) in the TIF group at the end of the study.

Conclusion:

TIF is feasible in clinical practice. In preterm neonates, it helps in achieving catch-up growth faster and may decrease the rates of EUGR.
Knowledge of Parents Regarding Care of Neonate Undergoing Phototherapy
Authors: Raut Snehal Baliram , Jogdeo Bhagyashree , Joshi Sonopant G
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:

Neonatal jaundice is the most common problem in the 1st week of the neonate. About 60% of neonates are diagnosed with neonatal jaundice visibly in the 1st week of life. About 5%–10% of neonates have clinical significance requiring phototherapy or other treatment. Jaundice is caused by bilirubin deposition in the skin.

Objective:

The objective of this study was to assess the level of knowledge among parents regarding the care of neonates undergoing phototherapy, and to assess the effectiveness of the information booklet.

Materials and Methods:

In the present study, the researcher adopted a quasi-experimental pretest, posttest control group design. The sample size was 120, control group 60, and experimental group 60. Nonprobability purposive sampling technique was used to collect the data. Researcher used prevalidated structured questionnaire. The average time taken by each sample for answering the question was 15–20 min. Data analysis was done mainly using descriptive and inferential statistics.

Results:

The findings show that knowledge among parents of neonates regarding care of phototherapy in the pretest 71.67% sample were having good knowledge, 25% were having poor knowledge, and 3.33% sample were having excellent knowledge. In the posttest experimental, 70% sample were having excellent knowledge.

Conclusion:

The study shows that the knowledge of the parents improved substantially after the administration of the information booklet. No association was found with any of the demographic variables.
Classifying COVID-19 and Viral Pneumonia Lung Infections through Deep Convolutional Neural Network Model using Chest X-Ray Images
Authors: Verma Dhirendra Kumar , Saxena Gaurav , Paraye Amit , Rajan Alpana , Rawat Anil , Verma Rajesh Kumar
Published: April 2023

Context:

Automated detection of COVID-19 in real time can greatly help clinicians to handle increasing number of cases for preliminary screening. Deep CNN models trained with sufficiently large datasets may become best candidates to meet the purpose.

Aims:

This study aims for automated detection and classification of COVID-19 and viral pneumonia diseases by applying deep CNN model using chest X-ray images. The proposed model performs multiclass classification to meet the purpose.

Settings and Design:

The proposed model is built on top of VGG16 architecture with pretrained ImageNet weights. The model was fine-tuned using additional custom layers to deliver better performance specific to the target.

Subjects and Methods:

A total of 15,153 samples are used in this work. These samples include chest X-ray images of COVID-19, viral pneumonia, and normal cases. The entire dataset was split into train and test sets, with a ratio of 80:20 before training the model. To enhance important image features, image preprocessing and augmentation were applied before feeding the image batches to the model.

Statistical Analysis Used:

Performance of the model is evaluated through accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score performance metrics. The results produced by the model are also compared with other recent leading studies.

Results:

The proposed model has achieved a classification accuracy of 98% with 98% precision, 96% recall, and 97% F1 score on the test dataset for multiclass classification. The area under receiver operating characteristic curve score was 0.99 for all three cases of multiclass classification.

Conclusions:

The proposed classification model may be highly useful for the preliminary diagnosis of COVID-19 and viral pneumonia cases, especially during heavy workloads and large quantities.
Assessment of Regional Diagnostic Reference Levels in Dental Radiography in Tamil Nadu
Authors: Jose Amal , Kumar A. Saravana , Govindarajan K. N. , Sharma Sunil Dutt
Published: April 2023

Aim:

The aim of this article is to assess Tamil Nadu adult diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) by collecting radiation dose data from the four different dental modalities.

Materials and Methods:

The study was carried out using routine adult exposure settings in 131 intraoral, 75 panoramic, 35 cephalometric, and 10 dental cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) X-ray devices. DRLs were assessed for intraoral and extraoral (panoramic, cephalometric, and CBCT) examinations in terms of incident air kerma (Ka, i) and kerma area product (PKA), respectively. Air kerma measurements, for all dental units, were made using calibrated RTI black Piranha 557 dosimeter (RTI Electronics AB, Sweden). The dosimeter was kept at the exit cone of the X-ray tube and on the detector side of the X-ray unit for intraoral and extraoral air kerma measurements, respectively. The obtained air kerma in extraoral modalities is multiplied with the beam area to evaluate PKA.

Results:

The third quartile values calculated from the median for adult intraoral (mandibular molar), panoramic, cephalometric, and CBCT were 1.5 mGy, 116 mGycm2, 40 mGycm2, and 532 mGycm2, respectively. The proposed DRL in the present study was comparable to those reported in Germany, Greece, the UK, Japan, and Korea.

Conclusion:

This study revealed the need for dose management and radiation dose optimization, in various dental facilities in the state. It was also found that dental facilities employed with the digital type of detector are not always related to lower exposure.
Effective Atomic Number and Electron Density Determination for Fricke Gel Dosimeters Using Different Methods
Authors: Moussous Ouiza
Published: April 2023

The effective atomic number and electron density of some Fricke gel dosimeters were calculated for photon interaction in the energy range from 10 keV to 1000 MeV using Auto-Zeff, direct and power law methods. The results are presented relative to those of water to allow direct comparison. It is found, that the effective atomic numbers and effective electron densities calculated with the Auto-Zeff and direct methods, demonstrates a good agreement in the energy interval extending from 0.1 MeV to 10 MeV. For effective atomic number relative to water, Ferrous Agarose Xylenol gel showed better water equivalence with difference up to 0.3%, while FX-PVA-GTA and Ferrous Xylenol Gelatin gels showed differences up to 2.26% and 2.25%, respectively.
Necrotizing cutaneous zygomycosis by Saksenaea vasiformis in post-COVID-19 individual
Authors: Prasanna S , Mahajan Mayuri , Das Nikunja Kumar , Mahajan Nikhil
Published: April 2023

We report a rare case of cutaneous zygomycosis by Saksenaea vasiformis in post-COVID-19 individuals. A 55-year-old patient was COVID-19 positive and treated as per the protocols. Following recovery after 5 weeks, presents to the surgery outpatient department with complaints of slowly progressive cutaneous lesion developed into ulcerative lesion over the left lateral part of the abdomen, hip, and thigh. Based on histopathological and microbiological findings, he was diagnosed with as a case of cutaneous zygomycosis by S. vasiformis. Initially, conservative management with intravenous amphotericin B was given and followed by surgical debridement; later, the patient succumbed. In general, mucormycosis is associated with immunosuppression or debilitating diseases. The mode of entry for molds and spores of zygomycetes is through the respiratory tract through the nose and then reaches the sinuses, orbit, and intracranial structures. Hence, early clinical diagnosis, direct smears, and proper interventions lead to a good prognosis and reduced morbidity caused by zygomycosis. The therapeutic management of fungal infection is quite challenging; hence diagnosing zygomycosis at the earliest will be appropriate, especially in an immunocompromised state. The misusing of prophylactic drugs, steroids, and immunosuppressants for COVID-19 should be avoided and must be used as per protocol and guidelines.
Study of different types of refractive errors in under-five children born preterm versus full term
Authors: Sindhura Jana Lakshmi , Muduthanapally Charani , Murthy L. R. , Das Sangeeta , Dubey Renu Shukla
Published: April 2023

Background:

Preterm birth potentially plays an important role in visual development. Studies have shown that frequency of myopia, astigmatism, anisometropia, strabismus, and amblyopia in children born preterm is higher than term children.

Objective:

The aim is to study different types of refractive errors in children under-five years of age born preterm and term.

Methods:

Comparative cross-sectional study was carried out among 64 children aged 5 years or less. Age, gender, and social status were noted. Children were subjected to refraction according to their age. Detailed anterior segment and posterior segment examination as per the cooperation of the child was conducted with torch light or slit-lamp examination with Ziess, Appasamy AARU 2000. Visual acuity was examined with appropriate methods suitable for age.

Results:

Fifty percent were preterm and 50% were term. About 50% were male and 50% were female. The most common refractive error was hypermetropia (42%). Among those with compound types of refractive errors, the most common was compound myopic astigmatism ≥2 diopters (17%). Compound types of refractive error were significantly more (62.5%) among the preterm compared to 31.2% among term; significantly more (91.7%) among those born <32 weeks of gestation compared to 45% and 45.5% among those born between 33 and 36 weeks and born >36 weeks of gestational, respectively; significantly more (88.9%) among low birth weight babies compared to 40% among normal birth weight babies. Age and gender were not significantly associated with compound types of refractive errors (P > 0.05).

Conclusion:

Most common refractive error was hypermetropia. Among those with compound types of refractive errors, the most common was compound myopic astigmatism ≥2 diopters. Being preterm, born at the gestational age of <32 weeks and low birth weight were significant risk factors for compound types of refractive errors.
Effectiveness of mind body medicine
Authors: Solanki Ranjan , Kushwaha Arvind Singh , Banerjee Sitikantha , Khan Mubashhera Firdaus
Published: April 2023

A descriptive literature review of articles where mind–body interventions were used for various conditions including pediatric, obstetric, chronic illnesses, chronic pain, neurology, and oncology conditions was conducted. The aim of this study was to evaluate the evidence for the efficacy of mind–body interventions used in pediatric, obstetric, chronic illnesses, chronic pain, neurology, and oncology conditions. A literature search was done using electronic databases such as MEDLINE, PubMed, Google, and Google Scholar. The search terms included relevant MeSH terms, and Entry Literature sources published internationally up to June 2021 were included in the study. Terms in PubMed and keywords were identified by brainstorming. The keywords “Mind Body therapies in Antenatal and postnatal care, Paediatrics, Neurology, Autism, and Mental illnesses” were searched. There was no restriction on the period of publication of the studies. All the studies fulfilling the search criteria were included in the study. The mind–body therapies that were considered for inclusion were yoga, meditation, relaxation, breathing exercises, biofeedback acupressure, acupuncture, and hypnosis. These therapies show efficacy in providing symptomatic relief in conditions such as anxiety, depression, autism, menopause, dysmenorrhea, and chronic pain. While used as an adjunct in the treatment of cancers, mind–body therapies were found to have great evidence of efficacy. However, many studies lack large sample sizes and matched control groups. Mind–body therapies are efficacious in many ailments of public health significance. They are easy to administer, cost-effective, and not known to have many side effects. Mind–body therapies could be integrated as an adjunct to mainstream medicine. Their effective use could reduce the cost and burden on the health-care system.
Case report on combined approach for delayed orbital floor repair
Authors: Kumar K. P. Manoj , Nair Aparna S. , Das T. Ajay , Chanchalesh M. C.
Published: April 2023

“White-eyed blowout” fractures in pediatric patients can be presented with fewer clinical symptoms; therefore, immediate diagnosis and surgery is essential. In cases where early surgery was performed, rapid recovery and better postoperative outcomes were noted regardless of the configuration of fracture. In pediatric patients, due to changes in the orbital volume, autograft is recommended. Although there are different approaches to orbital floor, transantral approach provides enhanced illumination and accessibility to orbital floor. This case report portrays a pediatric case of white-eyed blow out fracture which went unnoticed for about 1 month and was managed at a later date. Combined mid-tarsal and transantral approaches using iliac crest graft was used to repair the orbital blow-out fracture.
Study of myths and beliefs among the parents of a child with cleft lip and palate
Authors: Saluja Harish , Asnani Sanjay , Dadhich Anuj , Shah Seemit , Khandelwal Pulkit , Sachdeva Shivani
Published: April 2023

Aim:

The aim of the study was the identification of predictors of psychology and beliefs among parents of children affected by cleft lip and cleft palate.

Methods:

The study included a sample of 157 parents of children having cleft lips and cleft palates. Parents were given a questionnaire related to their beliefs and reasons behind deformity.

Results:

Out of 157 participants, 90 were fathers, and 67 were mothers. The children with deformities included 105 boys and 52 girls. The majority of parents (43) believed that the eclipse was one of the reasons for the deformity and the other was God’s wrath for the mother’s sins. The time of birth was considered a factor for cleft lip and palate by 27 parents. The study revealed that the self-esteem of fathers was higher than mothers and they were more concerned of being undesirably judged by others due to deformity of their children than the mothers.

Conclusion:

It can be inferred that the parents of a child with cleft lip and palate differ in their psychosocial adjustments. Also, mothers experience more psychosocial problems than fathers. The superstitious beliefs still prevail in rural areas despite advanced medical facilities and awareness.
A case report on implant retained auricular prosthesis: Bringing back hope and smile
Authors: Gupta Deeksha , Thakkur Rahul , Shah Bhumi
Published: April 2023

Long-term success of a facial prosthesis mainly depends on retention. Most articles relate tissue health to long-term success, not retention. Anatomic undercuts, skin adhesives and implants are important factors to provide sufficient retention. Extra oral implant retained prosthesis have been proven to be a predictable treatment option for maxillofacial rehabilitation. This case report describes the clinical and laboratory procedures for fabricating implant-retained auricular prosthesis using magnets for retention. It describes how an initial planning for implant placement with Hader-bar retentive system was opted out due to intra-surgical situation. The use of craniofacial implants for retention of extra oral prosthesis, such as ears, offers excellent support and retentive abilities and improves a patient’s appearance and quality of life. It has been shown in clinical and biomechanical studies that two implants are sufficient to retain an auricular prosthesis. Judicial treatment planning and implant placement according to the available remaining structures is prudent for a successful prosthesis.
Platelet-rich plasma protein as a therapeutic regimen for oral lichen planus: An evidence-based systematic review
Authors: Maddheshiya Nisha , Srivastava Adit , Rastogi Varun , Shekhar Amlendu , Sah Neha , Kumar Ajay
Published: April 2023

Oral Lichen Planus (OLP), an autoimmune disorder of unclear pathogenesis affects quality of life of affected individual. Intervention regimens are multiple and still evolving due to its resistance to recover and ability to recur. Platelet rich Plasma (PRP) is a newer, promising treatment modality tested by researchers because of its low cost and negligible adverse effects. Articles were retrieved from search engines of PubMed / Medline, Scopus and Web of Science which fulfilled the eligibility criteria. Cochrane risk of bias tool assessed quality of clinical studies and Joanna Briggs Institute for case reports. A total of 4 articles were included for the systematic review, of which 2 are clinical trials and 2 case reports. All cases were of erosive nature. PRP in case reports were administered when patients did not respond to conventional therapy. PRP demonstrated effective therapeutic benefit in regards to outcome of pain and lesion appearance. PRP can be considered as a potential alternative therapy in treating non-responsive OLP. Further studies are recommended to arrive at a definitive conclusion.
Infantile fibromatosis of the mandible- Is radical treatment justified?
Authors: Raghani Manish J. , Agarwal Subham S. , Ansari Hafiz M. N.
Published: April 2023

Infantile fibromatosis is characterized by proliferation of fibrous soft tissue with a potential of invading the adjacent structures but lacks the ability to metastasize, thus making it a fairly benign lesion with borderline characteristics. The pathology resembles sarcomatous growth, therefore making it difficult for the clinician to correctly diagnose. There are two variants of extra-abdominal desmoid juvenile and adult variant depending upon the age group it predominately involves. Fibromatosis is comparatively a rare tumour with unpredictable growth and varying local recurrence rates. The mass usually grows slowly, rapid growth and recurrences being mostly associated with the juvenile forms. The disease may present as single or multifocal lesion with widespread distribution, thus requiring whole body scans to identify any insidious growth elsewhere. Here, we report a case of recurrent juvenile/infantile fibromatosis in a 2-year-old child, conservatively managed without any growth disturbance and signs of recurrence.
A rare incidence and management of complex odontoma and surgical dehiscence in maxillary anterior region: A case report
Authors: Gupta Sakshi , Mittal Neelam , Shankari Thivya , Gupta Supriya
Published: April 2023

Odontoma is a benign odontogenic tumour, which is rather considered hamartoma. Hamartoma is not a true neoplasm, rather a growth of abnormal mixture of cells found in the body area they normally grows. Fully developed odontomas generally consist of enamel, dentin and pulpal tissues, in an unorganised manner. Some of them may contain cementum too. These are further grouped into compound and complex, depending on their clinical, radiographic and histologic features. Odontomas are generally asymptomatic and slow growing, but may cause bone expansion and hinderance in tooth eruption. These lesions are generally diagnosed by coincidence in radiograph. We are presenting a case and surgical management of complex odontoma and post-operative dehiscence in the anterior right maxillary region of a 38-year-old male.