bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Intersecting Linear Light Strands: A Particle Explanation for the Fresnel Central Spot
Authors: Dutt Srin
Published: December 2021

The Fresnel central spot in a shadow, theorized to be generated from wave interference, has given strong support for wave models of light. Using extended exposure macro imaging in various media, the shadow is shown to be more complex with multiple lines of light intersecting in the center. Using the particle concept of discrete light strands perpendicularly reflecting from a diffraction source, these observations can be more accurately explained. Another quantized aspect of light is shown where linear light strands become rings when an energy threshold is reached.
Coordination and neutralization in HPSG
Authors: Levy Roger , Pollard Carl
Published: December 2021

In this paper, we use lattice theory to present an account of neutralization and coordination of unlikes that can easily be incorporated into current HPSG, where linguistic objects are modelled as totally well-typed, sort resolved feature structures. The account draws on the analysis of Levy 2001 and is consistent with the HPSG analysis of neutralization proposed by Levine et al. 2001. We show the essential properties required of a coordination/neutralization lattice, and argue that our analysis is the minimal lattice satisfying these requirements. The HPSG-based account of the same phenomena presented in Daniels 2001 of this collection is shown by lattice-theoretic methods to be essentially equivalent to ours.
Differences between externally and internally headed relative clause constructions
Authors: Chung Chan , Kim Jong-Bok
Published: December 2021

In terms of truth conditional meanings, there is no clear difference between (Korean) IHRCs (internally head relative) and EHRCs (externally headed relative). In the analysis of IHRCs, of central interest are thus (a) how we can analyze the constructions in syntax and (b) how we can associate the internal head of the IHRC clause with the matrix predicate so that the head can function as its semantic argument, and (c) what makes the differences between the two constructions. This paper is an attempt to provide answers to such recurring questions within the framework of HPSG.
Semantically transparent linking in HPSG
Authors: Koenig Jean-Pierre , Davis Anthony
Published: December 2021

Most researchers now agree that subcategorization correlates
significantly with semantics. But this semantic component of linking has
proved elusive. Most, if not all, theories of linking have, in pratice,
resorted to constructs that are syntactic diacritics. We show in this
paper that the implicit syntactic diacritics that plague the basic
linking constraints posited in at least some of these theories can be
eliminated, provided that (i) the metalanguage in which linguistic
constraints are written allows for true implicational statements; (ii)
one is willing to slightly increase the number of linking constraints.
We focus in particular on the linking theory presented in Davis and
Koenig 2000, Davis 2001, and Koenig and Davis 2000, but we maintain that
our arguments apply, mutatis mutandis, to many other linking theories.
We note some of the consequences of this view of linking, including:
linking constraints are stated in terms of semantically natural classes
of situations, a single entailment of a verb's argument is sufficient to
determine its linking, and interaction among linking constraints
restricts the range of possible lexical items.
Object-to-subject-raising and lexical rule: An analysis of the German passive
Authors: Müller Stefan
Published: December 2021

It is a much-debated issue whether one should assume separate lexical
entries for participles used in passive and perfect constructions
or whether there is just one lexical entry that is used in different
ways depending on whether a passive or perfect auxiliary is present in the clause.

In previous work I criticized approaches trying to analyze the passive
with one lexical entry for making empirically wrong predictions
and suggested a lexical-rule based approach were two different
lexical items for the participle are licensed.

In this paper I show how Heinz and Matiasek's (1994) formalizations of Haider's (1986) ideas
can be extended and modified in a way that both modal infinitives and control constructions
can be captured correctly. The suggested analysis needs only one lexical item
for participles, base form infinitives, and zu infinitives irrespective
of their usage in active or passive like structures.
In search of epistemic primitives in the English Resource Grammar (or Why HPSG can't live without higher-order datatypes)
Authors: Penn Gerald , Hoetmer Kenneth
Published: December 2021

This paper seeks to improve HPSG engineering through the design of more terse,
readable and intuitive type signatures. It argues against the exclusive use of
IS-A networks and, with reference to the English Resource Grammar, demonstrates
that a collection of higher-order datatypes are already acutely in demand in
contemporary HPSG design. Some default specification conventions to assist in
maximizing the utility of higher-order type constructors are also discussed.
The syntactic flexibility of adverbs: French degree adverbs
Authors: Abeillé Anne , Godard Danièle
Published: December 2021

While French degree words in French have been assigned several syntactic
categories, we show that they are rather highy polymorphic adverbs (they occur
in all syntactic domains), which select the expression they modify on a purely
semantic basis. Like French adverbs in general, they occur both to the left and
to the right of the head they modify. Following previous work (a.o. van Noord
and Bouma 1994, Abeillé and Godard 1997, Bouma et al. 2000), we assign them two
different grammatical functions, adjuncts and complements. Semantically, they
differ from quantifiers. We follow Kennedy (2000) who analyzes them as scalar
predicate modifiers. Finally, the specific syntactic constraints that
characterize a subset of them can be shown to follow from, or be related to,
their weight properties (Abeillé and Godard 2000). We conclude that their
apparently idiosyncratic properties fit into a more general theory of grammar.
Sign language generation in an ALE HPSG
Authors: Marshall Ian , Safar Eva
Published: December 2021

During the past fifty years sign languages have been
recognised as genuine languages with their own syntax and
distinctive phonology. In the case of sign languages,
phonetic description characterises the manual and
non-manual aspects of signing. The latter relate to facial
expression and upper torso position. In the case of manual
components these characterise hand shape, orientation and
position, and hand/arm movement in three dimensional space
around the signer's body. These phonetic charcaterisations
can be notated as HamNoSys descriptions of signs which has
an executable interpretation to drive an avatar.

The HPSG sign language generation component of a text to
sign language system prototype is described. The
assimilation of SL morphological features to generate signs
which respect positional agreement in signing space are
emphasised.
Tongan noun incorporation: Lexical sharing or argument inheritance
Authors: Ball Douglas
Published: December 2021

As has been shown in other Polynesian languages, in Tongan, adnominal elements
can modify incorporated nouns in the noun incorporation construction. Two
analysis are considered in this paper for understanding this construction
within HPSG. The first, lexical sharing (Kim and Sells, this volume), views the
verbs that include incorporated nouns as being single words corresponding to
two syntactic atoms. However, this analysis makes incorrect predictions on the
transitivity of incorporation clauses. A second analysis, extending Malouf
(1999), views these words as verbs, but with some of the combinatorial
properties of nouns. This offers both a better account of the data, and
preserves the more restrictive theory of the morphology-syntax interface.
Georgian reflexives in subject function in special contexts
Authors: Amiridze Nino
Published: December 2021

Georgian is a language allowing reflexives to be marked by ergative.
The subject use of the Georgian reflexive phrase was first
documented with causative verbs by Asatiani (1982). The later works
such as (Amiridze and Everaert, 2000), (Amiridze, 2003), (Amiridze,
2004) discuss the use with object-experiencer verbs and transitive
verbs on non-agentive reading. The present paper offers the first
hand data on subject uses of the Georgian reflexive phrase with
transitive verbs on their agentive reading in special contexts (such
as a twin context, Madame Tussaud context, etc.) which are
problematic for the Binding Theory of Chomsky (1981) as well as for
the Reflexivity Theory of Reinhart and Reuland (1993). The data
could be accounted for within the approach developed in (Reuland,
2001). However, the subject uses of the Georgian reciprocal
ertmanet- leave the issue of subject anaphors open.
Reinforcing negation: The case of Italian
Authors: Godard Danièle , Marandin Jean-Marie
Published: December 2021

We study the formal and pragmatic properties of the ˋreinforced negation
construction' in Italian, which, unlike the regular negative sentence, contains
both non and an n-word in preverbal position. On the one hand, this
construction relies on a more general construction (positive or negative),
which is pragmatically associated with reprise assertion, on the other hand, it
uses non without the usual constraints attached to it. We propose that this
unfaithful recycling is a pattern for creating a form dedicated to
metalinguistic negation. Our analysis integrates both negative types of
negative forms with their formal and pragmatic properties.
NPI licensing, intervention and discourse representation structures in HPSG
Authors: Sailer Manfred
Published: December 2021

Negative Polarity Items (NPI) are expressions such as English 'ever'
and 'lift a finger' that only occur in sentences that are somehow
negative. NPIs have puzzled linguists working in syntax,
semantics and pragmatics, but no final conclusion as to which module
of the grammar should be responsible for the licensing has been
reached. Within HPSG interest in NPI has developed only relatively
recently and is mainly inspired by the entailment-based approach of
Ladusaw 1980 and Zwarts 1997. Since HPSG's CONTENT value is a
semantic representation, the integration of such a denotational theory
cannot be done directly. Adopting Discourse Representation Theory
(DRT, Kamp and Reyle 1993, von Genabith et al. 2004) I show that it is
possible to formulate a theory of NPI licensing that uses purely
representational notions. In contrast to most other frameworks in
semantics, DRT attributes theoretical significance to the
representation of meaning, i.e. to a logical form, and not only to
the denotation itself. This makes DRT particularly well-suited to my
purpose.
Two types of NP preposing in French
Authors: Abeillé Anne , Godard Danièle , Sabio Frédéric
Published: December 2021

We contrast two types of sentences with a preposed NP in French in a construction
based HPSG grammar. They differ with respect to different grammatical aspects
(syntax, semantics, pragmatics and phonology), which cluster uniquely into
constructions. Both are colloquial, a reason why they have been recognized only
recently (see Zribi-Hertz 1986, 1996, Sabio 1995, 2006). Accordingly, we rely for
the data on spoken corpora (Corpaix, CFRP) as well as on our intuitions. Both
constructions involve a partitioned semantics but this mode of composition is
associated with different effects. One construction is characterized semantically: the
preposed NP is the theme of a categorical proposition. The other construction is
characterized pragmatically: it is associated with an independent declarative clause, a
typical use of which is to signal a break in the interaction.
French VN lexemes: Morphological compounding in HPSG
Authors: Desmets Marianne , Villoing Florence
Published: December 2021

Although the original framework of HPSG is mostly compatible with
independent theoretical claims or analyses in lexical lexeme base morphology
(Anderson 1992, Aronoff & Fudeman 2004, Beard 1995, Booij 2005,
Carstairs-McCarthy 1992, Fradin 2003, Haspelmath 2002, Matthews 1991, Plag
2003, for example), so far, most research in morphology has been done on
inflexional phenomena (Orgun & Inkelas 2002, Bonami & Boyé 2006), and few on
derivational morphology (Koenig 1999, Riehemann 1998). Yet, we believe it is
worth investigating how the formal and theoretical apparatus of HPSG deals
with capturing multilevel constraints that apply in the lexeme formation of
French Verb-Noun nominal compounds, such as as GRILLE-PAIN (lit.
grill-bread, ˋtoaster'), PERCE-OREILLE (lit. pierce-ear, ˋearwig'),
TOURNEVIS (lit. turn-screw, ˋscrewdriver'), or LÈCHE-VITRINE (lit.
lick-window, ˋwindow-shopping'). Contrary to what has often been said, we
argue VN lexemes formation comes under morphological constraints but not
under syntactic mechanisms. Our analysis integrates VN lexemes into a
multiple-dimension typed-hierarchy of lexemes and provides an account for
semantic generalizations involved in different types of lexeme formation
(compounding, derivation, and conversion).
Subject inversion in French: The limits of information structure
Authors: Marandin Jean-Marie
Published: December 2021

My objective here is to assess the relevance of information structural notions for analyzing subject
inversion in French. Subject inversion is not a unified phenomenon. In fact, there are three distinct
constructions featuring an inverted subject. I show that the sentences do not have the same informational
potential (the type of focus-ground articulation they are compatible with) depending on the construction
they abide by. I propose a contextual factor – the informational solidarity between the verb and its first
argument – to account for those differences. Then, I show that the three constructions share a common
feature that pertains to a completely different dimension: the perspective chosen to describe the situation. I
adopt Langacker's notion of absolute construal to characterize it. Finally, I present another common
feature: the blocking of the referential anchoring of the referent of indefinite and partitive NPs.
A unified approach to VP-ellipsis and VP-anaphora
Authors: Lee Yong-hun
Published: December 2021

It is known that VP-ellipsis and VP-anaphora are typologically different phenomena. English has
VP-ellipses whereas Korean has VP-anaphora. The goals of this paper are (i) to develop a unified
algorithm which can analyze these two different phenomena and (ii) to explain them using the
developed resolution algorithm. In order to analyze these phenomena, this paper incorporates
Jager's anaphora resolution mechanism (2010) into the typed feature structure formalism of
Head-driven Phrase Structure Grammar (HPSG). In this paper, VP-ellipsis and VP-anaphora are analyzed
as follows. First, English do and Korean kuleha-ta are introduced with the Geach value, and this
value is changed with a slash-elimination rule. Then, one constituent combines with another by
ordinary syntactic rules, while the information on the target predicate is percolated up. When a
potential source appears, a slash-introduction rule is applied. Then, the source predicate activates
the VP-resolution rule, and the target predicate is connected with the source in the semantic
representations.
Argument inheritance and left periphery in Hungarian infinitival constructions
Authors: Szécsényi Tibor
Published: December 2021

Hungarian infinitival constructions have both mono-clausal
and bi-clausal properties at the same time. The arguments of the infinitive behave the same way as
the arguments of the finite verb do, but the non-finite verb has its own left periphery. After
discussing the general description of Hungarian sentence structure and presenting an HPSG analysis
for it – including a description of the connection between word order and scope order in the
Hungarian left periphery – this paper presents an analysis for Hungarian infinitival
constructions. The analysis lexically distinguishes the left peripheral arguments of the infinitive
from its complements, and allows the infinitive and its left peripheral arguments to form
constituents, while the complements of the infinitive are inherited to the finite verb.
Nonverbal predicates in Modern Hebrew
Authors: Haugereid Petter , Melnik Nurit , Wintner Shuly
Published: December 2021

Nonverbal predicates in Modern Hebrew have been the subject of investigation in a number of
studies. However, to our knowledge, none of them was corpus-based. Corpus searches reveal that the
nonverbal constructions which are most commonly addressed in the literature are not the most
commonly used ones. Once a broader range of data is considered additional issues are raised. Our
analysis addresses these issues, unifying the treatment of three types of copular constructions that
we identify in MH. The analysis is implemented as part of a larger-scale grammar, and is extensively
tested.
Degrees of affectedness and verbal prefixation in Abui (Papuan)
Authors: Kratochvíl František , Delpada Benidiktus
Published: December 2021

This paper deals with the encoding of affectedness in Abui, a Papuan language of Indonesia. Abui is a head-marking language of the rare type where the verbs are marked for their undergoer arguments (So, O) formally split into several subtypes. This marking has been previously analyzed as a type of semantic alignment sensitive among others to affectedness. Affectedness is understood here as a scalar property delimiting the predicate (following Tenny 1987 and Beavers 2011). The paper explores the structure of the affectedness scale for Abui, comparing the functions and meaning of three types of person prefix paradigms. We show that verbs with similar meaning, encoding the same type of change (in Beavers’ terms) can differ in their entailments. We also show that there may be additional dimensions in which affectedness can be measured, such as affected agents, and that the interpretation of the degree on the affectedness scale interacts with instigator’s (source of force) status on the referential hierarchy. While human agents in some cases allow lower degrees of affectedness, the inanimate forces select the maximal degree reading. We conclude, that despite a considerable amount of fluidity of marking (Fedden et al. 2013, 2014), the shifts in degree of affectedness can be predicted as lowering of the degree stipulated for the predicate.
A constructional analysis for the skeptical
Authors: Arnold Doug , Spencer Andrew
Published: December 2021

This paper addresses the issue of phonologically null elements in HPSG by providing an
analysis of the construction exemplified by NPs such as ˋthe rich', ˋthe beautiful', ˋthe
unemployed', which lack an overt noun. The properties of this construction are explored in
detail, and a number of approaches described: in particular approaches which posit a
phonologically empty noun, and constructional approaches. It is shown that a
constructional approach is empirically superior. This is interesting, theoretically,
because empirical differences between such approaches have proved elusive hitherto.
How much structure is needed: The case of the Persian VP
Authors: Faghiri Pegah , Samvelian Pollet
Published: December 2021

The aim of
this paper is to tease apart two available views of the VP in
Persian. The prevailing view of the Persian VP initially suggested in
generative studies assumes a hierarchical structure with two object
positions, mainly motivated by the existence of differential object
marking in Persian. Building on quantitative studies, we revisit this
hierarchical view and show that it is not born out by the data. A flat
structure view of the VP, on the contrary, is in line with the data.
On pseudo-non-finite clauses in Welsh
Authors: Bonami Olivier , Borsley Robert D. , Tallerman Maggie
Published: December 2021

Languages differ in how they employ finite and non-finite
clauses. Welsh finite and non-finite clauses have a similar
distribution to their counterparts in English. However, it doesn’t
look like this because Welsh has certain finite clauses which look
rather like non-finite clauses. We examine two types of
pseudo-non-finite clauses: finite "bod" clauses and finite "i"
clauses. We argue that both cases are instances of a mismatch between
syntax and morphology, while the latter only involves periphrasis. We
provide an HPSG analysis capturing similarities and differences
between these two constructions and canonical finite and nonfinite
clauses.
Possibilities of the ultrasonography in the diagnosis of craniosynostosis in children of the first year of life
Authors: Dzhandzhgava N. N. , Sugak A. B. , Filippova E. A. , Satanin L. A. , Kryuchko D. S.
Published: December 2021

Craniosynostosis is a premature closure of the skull sutures, manifested by deformation of the head requiring surgical treatment. An instrumental examination of the state of the cranial sutures is necessary for the differential diagnosis of craniosynostosis and benign positional deformities of the skull in infants. Traditionally, radiation methods, such as X-ray and computed tomography with three-dimensional reconstruction, are used for this purpose. Over the past two decades, we have accumulated a large amount of data on the high information content of the ultrasound method in assessing the state of the cranial sutures in children. Ultrasound examination is widely available, easy to perform, reproducible; it does not require sedation of the patient and does not carry radiation exposure, which is especially important when examining young children. A negative result of the study makes it possible to exclude the diagnosis of craniosynostosis, while the detection of suture fusion serves as an indication for referring the child to visit a surgeon and further examination. The ultrasound method should be more widely used as a screening method for detecting head deformity and suspicion of craniosynostosis in children of the first year of life.
Food protein-induced enteropathy and its complications
Authors: Yankinа G. N. , Gorlenko L. V. , Loshkova E. V. , Kondratyeva E. I. , Terentyeva A. A. , Zhelev V. A. , Mikhalev E. V. , Tyuteva E. Yu. , Shemyakinа T. A. , Davydova T. V. , Golikova E. V. , Krivonogova T. S. , Barabash N. A. , Rafikova Yu, S. , Ryzhakova N. A. , Solnyshko A. L.
Published: December 2021

Currently, in pediatric practice, a special place is occupied by patients with severe allergic lesions of the gastrointestinal tract, which often manifest immediately after the birth of a child. Food protein-induced enteropathy reduces the quality of life of the child and family; it is difficult to diagnose and to treat. We present a clinical case of a patient with food protein-induced enteropathy, complicated by severe B12-deficiency anemia and edema syndrome. In the tactics of patient management, attention is paid to the late diagnosis of the underlying disease and complications, the complexity of prescribing diet therapy and the lack of alertness regarding the diagnosis of malabsorption associated with food intolerance.
Primary schlerosing cholangitis in children with inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Kamalova A. A. , Gaifutdinova A. R. , Malov A. A. , Safina E. R. , Nizamova R. A. , Basanova L. I.
Published: December 2021

The article provides an overview of current data on clinical features, modern diagnostic methods and therapeutic strategies for primary sclerosing cholangitis in children with inflammatory bowel disease. Primary sclerosing cholangitis can be asymptomatic for a long time, acquiring a progressive character with liver cirrhosis. The disease is one of the most important risk factors for the development of cholangiocarcinoma. The article presents a diagnostic algorithm for increased transaminases in the serum of the children with inflammatory bowel disease, with an emphasis on various variants of hepatobiliary pathology including primary sclerosing cholangitis. The widespread application of the pediatric scale SCOPE (Sclerosing Cholangitis Outcomes in Pediatrics index) will allow us to timely diagnose and prescribe treatment for a patient with primary sclerosing cholangitis at an early stage improving the prognosis of the disease.
Varicose veins in adolescents: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Mirolyubov L. M. , Nurmeev I. N. , Morozov V. I. , Zykova M. A. , Mirolyubov A. L.
Published: December 2021

The article describes the experience of diagnostics and treatment of chronic diseases of the veins of the lower extremities in 164 female patients.

Objective. To study the results of diagnosis and treatment of varicose veins in adolescent and adult females.

Patient characteristics and research methods. The authors carried out a prospective study, they analyzed health condition of a group of adolescents and examined this group in 5 years later (the adult part of the study). The authors used clinical examination for diagnostics (disease assessment according to CEAP classification), ultrasound examinations, telephone interviews. Re-examination of the patients showed good long-term results of treatment. There were no re-operations.

Results. According to the data of a five-year follow-up, interventions were performed in 4 (4%) cases in the study group. The proportion of cured patients remained without significant changes.

Conclusion. 1. Phlebology of childhood is characterized by the predominance of uncomplicated forms of varicose veins, with a simultaneous high concern about the disease of the patient and parents. 2. Timely surgical and laser interventions and the prescribed nonsurgical treatment program allow achieving a lasting improvement in the majority of patients with good long-term results. 3. Observation of patients with chronic venous diseases during their transition to the adult age group shows the preservation of good results in the majority of cases.
Shwachman–Diamond Syndrome
Authors: Sabirova D. R. , Shakirova A. R. , Ramazanova I. I. , Shakurova N. V.
Published: December 2021

This article describes a clinical case of a rare Schwachman–Diamond syndrome. It covers the features of the clinical picture of the disease and the laboratory examinations. A multidisciplinary approach for the purpose of early diagnosis, timely initiation of complex treatment, including nutritional therapy, prescription of enzyme preparations and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, makes it possible to improve the quality of life and prognosis in such patients.
The treatment of patients with posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus
Authors: Samochernykh N. K. , Abramov K. B. , Nikolaenko M. S. , Sakhno L. V. , Samochernykh K. A. , Potemkina E. G.
Published: December 2021

The article discusses the possible causes of polycystic posthemorrhagic ventriculomegaly in infants, as well as predictors of this pathological process. When choosing a treatment method the doctor shall take into account not only the etiology of the disease, but also age parameters, concomitant pathology. An important aspect in the approach to the treatment of polycystic posthemorrhagic multilevel hydrocephalus includes the determination of the biomechanical properties of the craniospinal system, especially the compliance of the brain and resorption of cerebrospinal fluid. Particular attention is paid to the timely correction of complications, including the analysis of inflammatory changes markers in the craniospinal system, which serve as predictors of the outcome of cerebrospinal fluid resorption. The authors also noted that the violation of the cerebrospinal fluid outflow from the cranial cavity in children may depend on a large number of «extracerebral» factors. They consider the stages of neurosurgical care to patients in this group on a clinical example. This example and literature data demonstrate that children with age develop changes not only in the craniospinal segment, which is responsible for the transformation of free fluid, but also in the extracranial cavities. Thus, we are able to recommend an integrated approach for the management of newborns with intracranial hemorrhage, complicated by posthemorrhagic hyporesorbent and occlusive hydrocephalus, with the justification of the optimal neurosurgical tactics for managing drainage-dependent patients, the course of the disease in which is accompanied by a multicomponent inflammatory syndrome.
Rainfall prediction optimization model in ten-day time step based on sliding window mechanism and zero sum game
Authors: Liu Xin , Sang Xuefeng , Chang Jiaxuan , Zheng Yang , Han Yuping
Published: December 2021

Rainfall is a precious water resource, especially for Shenzhen with scarce local water resources. Therefore, an effective rainfall prediction model is essential for improvement of water supply efficiency and water resources planning in Shenzhen. In this study, a deep learning model based on zero sum game (ZSG) was proposed to predict ten-day rainfall, the regular models were constructed for comparison, and the cross-validation was performed to further compare the generalization ability of the models. Meanwhile, the sliding window mechanism, differential evolution genetic algorithm, and discrete wavelet transform were developed to solve the problem of data non-stationarity, local optimal solutions, and noise filtration, respectively. The k-means clustering algorithm was used to discover the potential laws of the dataset to provide reference for sliding window. Mean square error (MSE), Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency coefficient (NSE) and mean absolute error (MAE) were applied for model evaluation. The results indicated that ZSG could better optimize the parameter adjustment process of models, and improved generalization ability of models. The generalization ability of the bidirectional model was superior to that of the unidirectional model. The ZSG-based models showed stronger superiority compared with regular models, and provided the lowest MSE (1.29%), NSE (21.75%), and MAE (7.5%) in the ten-day rainfall prediction.
Drought monitoring and prediction using SPI, SPEI, and random forest model in various climates of Iran
Authors: Lotfirad Morteza , Esmaeili-Gisavandani Hassan , Adib Arash
Published: December 2021

The aim of this study is to select the best model (combination of different lag times) for predicting the standardized precipitation index (SPI) and the standardized precipitation and evapotranspiration index (SPEI) in next time. Monthly precipitation and temperature data from 1960 to 2019 were used. In temperate climates, such as the north of Iran, the correlation coefficients of SPI and SPEI were 0.94, 0.95, and 0.81 at the time scales of 3, 12, and 48 months, respectively. Besides, this correlation coefficient was 0.47, 0.35, and 0.44 in arid and hot climates, such as the southwest of Iran because potential evapotranspiration (PET) depends on temperature more than rainfall. Drought was predicted using the random forest (RF) model and applying 1–12 months lag times for next time. By increasing the time scale, the prediction accuracy of SPI and SPEI will improve. The ability of SPEI is more than SPI for drought prediction, because the overall accuracy (OA) of prediction will increase, and the errors (i.e., overestimate (OE) and underestimate (UE)) will reduce. It is recommended for future studies (1) using wavelet analysis for improving accuracy of predictions and (2) using the Penman–Monteith method if ground-based data are available.
PORTIFÓLIO NORTEADOR DA CONSULTA DE ENFERMAGEM PRÉ-OPERATÓRIA FORTALECENDO A CULTURA DE SEGURANÇA DO PACIENTE
Authors: Gracietti Kuczmainski Adriana , Ascari Rosana Amora , Paimell Aline , Piana Pavan Neriane
Published: December 2021

A consulta de enfermagem pré-operatória objetiva orientar o paciente para a cirurgia, minimizar complicações e o cancelamento cirúrgico. Trata-se de um relato de experiência acerca da construção de um instrumento norteador da consulta de enfermagem pré-operatória num serviço hospitalar público no Oeste Catarinense, vivenciado por estudantes e professores integrantes do programa de extensão denominado "Cultura de Segurança do Paciente com foco no Perioperatório" do curso de enfermagem da Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina. O instrumento denominado Portfólio contempla dados sobre as diferentes fases da enfermagem cirúrgica, apresentando através de imagens, o ambiente cirúrgico; sinais e sintomas e dispositivos mais comuns no pós-operatório, além de conduzir o ensino, supervisão e treinamento dos exercícios para prevenir complicações pós-operatórias. O Portfólio tem se apresentado eficaz para guiar as consultas de enfermagem e fortalecer a comunicação enfermeiro-paciente.
Личностно-средовое взаимодействие: исследование ценностных ориентаций и психологической системы деятельности российской молодежи
Authors: Атаманова Инна В. , Перикова Екатерина И. , Щекотуров Александр В. , Богомаз Сергей А.
Published: December 2021

Введение. Актуальность исследования обусловлена необходимостью комплексного анализа проблемы личностно-средового взаимодействия на современном этапе. Целью данного исследования является сравнительный анализ ценностных ориентаций (культурные измерения и базисные ценности) и параметров психологической системы деятельности вузовской молодежи в четырех российских городах. Методы. В исследовании приняли участие 735 студентов вузов, обучающихся в Санкт-Петербурге, Калининграде, Томске и Иркутске. Использовалась батарея опросниковых методик, сгруппированных по трем векторам исследования: 1) ценностные ориентации на уровне культуры (методики Г. Хофстеде и Р. Инглхарта); 2) ценностные ориентации на индивидуальном уровне (методика СОРБЦ); 3) параметры психологической системы деятельности: самодетерминация, потребности в достижении и аффилиации, личностная готовность к деятельности (целеполагание, планирование, рефлексия и удовлетворенность жизнью), инновативные качества личности. Статистический анализ включал описательные статистики, факторный анализ и дисперсионный анализ ANOVA. Результаты. Факторный анализ выявил ведущие показатели, характеризующие специфику личностно-средового взаимодействия на примере вузовской молодежи. К ним относятся потенциал городской среды, личностная готовность к деятельности и традиционные ценности. Ценностные ориентации в исследуемых выборках различались как на уровне культуры (долгосрочная ориентация, традиционные ценности), так и на индивидуальном уровне (субъективная оценка реализуемости базисных метаценностей, выступающая мерилом потенциала городской среды). Также выявлены особенности параметров психологической системы деятельности (планирование, потребность в связанности с другими людьми, индекс самодетерминации и потребность в достижении). Обсуждение результатов. Научная новизна исследования определяется комплексным подходом к анализу специфики личностно-средового взаимодействия в контексте личностно-профессионального становления вузовской молодежи. Проведенный анализ позволил выделить ведущие показатели, характеризующие ценностные ориентации и параметры психологической системы деятельности российской вузовской молодежи, и средовую специфику исследуемых показателей, что необходимо учитывать при организации психолого-педагогического сопровождения процесса личностно-профессионального становления вузовской молодежи.
Multi-Target Directed Ligands (MTDLs): Promising Coumarin Hybrids for Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Bhatia Rohit , Chakrabarti Sankha S. , Kaur Upinder , Parashar Gaurav , Banerjee Anindita , Rawal Ravindra K.
Published: December 2021

Alzheimer’s disease (AZD) is an age-associated neurodegenerative disorder and is one of
the common health issues around the globe. It is characterized by memory loss and a decline in other
cognitive domains, including executive function. The progression of AZD is associated with complex
events, and the exact pathogenesis is still unrevealed. Various mechanisms which are thought to be
associated with the initiation of AZD include a decreased concentration of acetylcholine (ACh), deposition
of amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide, dyshomeostasis of redox metal ions, and prolonged oxidative stress.
Due to the simultaneous progression of diverse pathogenetic pathways, no ideal therapeutic agent has
been developed to date. The drugs which are available against AZD provide only symptomatic benefits
and do not have disease-modifying activity. Therefore, in search of ideal therapeutic candidates, the
concept of molecular hybrids has been under keen investigation for the past few years. Hybrid molecules
are able to inhibit or activate or modify the physiology of more than one target simultaneously.
Coumarin scaffold have shown the excellent potential of ACh esterase inhibition, MAO-B inhibition,
and anti-Aβ aggregation. In the present review, we have focused on different reported coumarin hybrids
as multi-target-directed agents against AZD. These include hybrids of coumarin with carbazole,
benzofuran, dithiocarbamate, quinoline, pargyline, tacrine, N-benzyl pyridinium, donepezil, purine,
piperidine, morpholine, aminophenol, benzylamino, halophenylalkylamidic, thiazole, thiourea, hydroxypyridinone,
triazole, piperazine, chalcone, etc. Along with the therapeutic potentials of these hybrids,
important clinical investigations and the structure-activity relationship have also been discussed
in this compilation.
Use of Ultrasound to Observe Mycosis Fungoides: A Case Report and Review
of Literature
Authors: Chen Cong-Xian , Zhu Jie , Zeng Zeng
Published: December 2021

Background:

Mycosis fungoides (MF) is the most common form of cutaneous T-cell
lymphoma with many clinicopathological variants, thus difficult to diagnose in its early stages.

Case Presentation:

This case report is about a 76 years old Chinese woman presented with 2 years
history of erythematous plaque on the lateral right thigh; after combining clinical manifestations
with results of pathological examinations, it is consistent with the diagnosis of MF.

Discussion:

Mycosis fungoides (MF) is the most common form of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma.
The patient in this case had a long course of disease and repeated attacks. Ultrasound shows a
small patch of liquid dark area of the lesion. Color Doppler image shows rich blood flow, which
just looks like lacustrine. Thick and nourishing blood vessels could be seen in the depth.

Conclusion:

Our case report using ultrasound to observe MF and demonstrate that ultrasound is
helpful in diagnosing and evaluating effectiveness in treating MF.
Indonesia's socio-political developments during Jokowi's leadership
Authors: Feber Wempi , Christover Deandlles
Published: December 2021

This paper tries to discuss the latest socio-political developments in Indonesia during President Jokowi, a study of political journals and perspectives from the international community. The sources of literature that we use are various international publications and media highlights published in the last five years, both national and international journals. At the same time, the method is literature analysis involving data coding system, data evaluation, and interpreting conclusion drawing so that this finding is under the study question with high validity principle. Our searches are electronic. This study relies on secondary data. The series of reports for this study are in descriptive qualitative data format. The findings that we can convey are that the politics of the Jokowi era was the division of power between the executive and the legislature in the form of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia with a presidential system with a parliamentary system. In other words, Indonesia does not adhere to a system of separation of powers but rather a system of power-sharing between the executive at the center and the regions. Thus, these findings serve as additional input for future research on the same theme.
Factors for developing children's speech through didactic games
Authors: Kаdirov Valijon , Bozorova Zuhra , Mirzayev Otabek
Published: December 2021

The article focuses on the development of speech skills, thinking skills, vocabulary through didactic games in preschool and family atmosphere. we should not forget about the modern words that enter the children's speech and vocabulary under the influence of cartoons, movies, and television. In the process of working on the lexicon, it is necessary to control the compliance of children's speech with the form of pure literary language, the absence of foreign words in the speech.
Эмиссионные спектры молекулярных газов CHF-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=-, CCl-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-F-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-, SF-=SUB=-6-=/SUB=- в диапазоне 3-20 nm при импульсном лазерном возбуждении с использованием различных газовых струй в качестве мишеней
Authors: Гусева В.Е. , Нечай А.Н. , Перекалов А.А. , Салащенко Н.Н. , Чхало Н.И.
Published: December 2021

The article considers the results of studies of the emission spectra of CHF3, CCl2F2, SF6 upon excitation by pulsed laser radiation. We used Nd:YAG laser, λ = 1064 nm, τ = 5 ns, and Epulse = 0.8 J. The spectral range of 3-20 nm was studied. We used capillary and supersonic conical nozzles with dcrit = 145 μm, 2α = 12o, L = 5 mm, and dcrit = 450 μm, 2α = 11o, L = 5 mm to form an atomic cluster beam. The emission spectra for various gas targets were obtained, the obtained spectra were deciphered, and the ions emitting in this spectral range were determined. We observed that with increasing particle concentration in the zone of laser spark, the radiation intensity increases. In this case, the intensity of ion lines with high degrees of ionization increases faster.
Оптические и фотолюминесцентные свойства тонкой пленки оксида цинка на подложке из тантала лития
Authors: Григорьев Л.В. , Семенов А.А. , Михайлов А.В.
Published: December 2021

Presents the results of the study of the structural, optical and photo luminescent properties of the thin films ZnO on LiNbO3 substrate. The results of X-ray structural analysis of a zinc oxide film synthesized on a single-crystal LiTaO3 substrate and on a KU-1 quartz substrate are presented. Present the transmission spectra, reflection spectra and the spectral dependence of zinc oxide thin films on substrate LiTaO3 and the structure of ZnO-SiO2 in the ultraviolet and visible spectral ranges.
Синхронное управление прошедшим и отраженными светом в полупроводниковых хромхалькогенидных шпинелях
Authors: Телегин А.В. , Сухоруков Ю.П.
Published: December 2021

A way for synchronous control of the intensity of transmitted and reflected light in magnetic semiconductors by an external magnetic field is proposed in the infrared spectral region. For illustration, we obtained the magnetoreflection and magnetotransmission spectra of unpolarized light in single crystals of Hg(Cd)Cr2Se4 spinel.
Люминесцентный хемосенсор для детектирования паров диметиламина и аммиака
Authors: Шишов А.С. , Мирочник А.Г.
Published: December 2021

The interaction of tris-dibenzoylmethanate Eu(III) with dimethylamine and ammonia vapors was investigated. It was found that when vapors of aqueous solutions of analytes are exposed to tris-dibenzoylmethanate Eu(III) impregnated into the SiO2 matrix, an optical response is observed in the form of an increase in the luminescence intensity of Eu(III). Changes in the luminescence spectra and luminescence excitation of this sensor are analyzed, both under the quenching action of water vapor and under the sensitizing action of analyte vapors. The main points recorded in the excitation spectra are noted, which are important for understanding the processes occurring in the near environment of the lanthanide center. The luminescent chemosensor is promising for creating sensors for detecting ammonia and amines in food safety control and environmental monitoring.

Shishov A.S., Mirochnik A.G.
Спектральные оптические свойства керамических нанопористых мембран на основе анодного оксида алюминия и покрытия из серебра в парах аммиака
Authors: Васильков М.Ю. , Михайлов И.Н. , Никулин Ю.В. , Волчков С.С. , Зимняков Д.А. , Ушаков Н.М.
Published: December 2021

Spectral optical properties of synthesized ceramic nanoporous membranes based on anodic aluminum oxide coated silver in saturated ammonia gas flow have been experimentally investigated. Based on the measured transmission spectra and detected interference part of the spectra in wavelength range from 550 to 900 nm, temporal and spectral dependencies of the effective optical thickness and its changes in non-equilibrium conditions were obtained due to adsorption of ammonia molecules on silver film surface. According to detected and measured interference maximum shifts up to 14 nm in transmission spectra of Al2O3 + Ag membranes in ammonia gas flow, the possibility of constructing a selective interferometric optical sensors with 10 − 15 min response time is shown.
О фотостабильности акрилатных и полиметилметакрилатных планарно-волоконных структур с люминофорами CUMARIN 7, 47, 120; POPOP; NOL8 для ультрафиолетовых информационных систем
Authors: Бритвин А.В. , Никитенко Н.С. , Плюснин В.Ф. , Поллер Б.В. , Поллер А.Б. , Шахов Н.В.
Published: December 2021

Выполнены исследования при длительном ультрафиолетовом (УФ) облучении фотоустойчивости планарно-волоконных структур в виде пленок толщиной 600?800 ?m из особо чистого полиметилметакрилата (ПММА) и из акриловой смолы, в которые вводились люминофоры CUMARIN 7, 47, 120; POPOP, NOL8. Люминофор NOL12 (КНЛ12) находился в полимерных волокнах производства ООО "Технологический центр полимерного оптического волокн". К торцам пленок присоединялись волоконные световоды из ПММА, с выхода которых измерялась мощность излучения люминесценции в зависимости от мощности и времени УФ облучения. Показана перспективность применения люминофоров типа Cumarin для использования планарно-волоконных структур в УФ информационных системах в качестве приемных антенн для оптических телекоммуникаций и оптических сенсоров для мониторинга физических полей. Ключевые слова: фотостабильность, планарно-волоконные структуры, люминофоры, информационные системы.
Фотоиндуцированный перенос заряда в слоистых 2D наноструктурах PbSe-MoS-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-
Authors: Скурлов И.Д. , Парфёнов П.С. , Соколова А.В. , Татаринов Д.А. , Бабаев А.А. , Баранов М.А. , Литвин А.П.
Published: December 2021

Semiconductor 2D nanostructures are a new platform for the creation of modern optoelectronic devices. Layered 2D PbSe-MoS2 nanostructures with efficient photoinduced charge transfer from PbSe nanoplatelets (NPLs) to MoS2 were created. When PbSe NPLs with short organic ligands are deposited onto a thin layer of MoS2 NPLs, a decrease in their photoluminescence intensity and a decrease in the average photoluminescence lifetime are observed. When a layered 2D PbSe-MoS2 nanostructure is illuminated with IR radiation, a photocurrent appears, which indicates the contribution of PbSe NPLs to the electrical response of the system. Ultrathin layers of transition metal dichalcogenides sensitized with nanostructures based on lead chalcogenides can be used in photodetectors with a spectral sensitivity region extended to the near-IR range.