INFLUENCE OF ANTHROPOMETRIC INDICES ON THE PHYSICAL PERFORMANCE ON 12-14 YEAR OLDS
Authors: Kanelov Iliya , Goceva Liliana , Nikolov Bojidar 
Published: December 2021

The main purpose of this study was to determine the impact of somatotypic profile and body mass index on the physical conditions of 12-14 year-old students, based on the results of tests for assessment to motor skills included in assessment system at the Physical education and sports in schools. The 64 young men and 70 girls we will explore are from two different schools in Blagoevgrad, which subsequently were divided into four groups: two groups for the boys and two for the girls. The study groups have antropometrichal parameters: height - 161.5 ± 8.2 cm, weight - 55.25 ± 18.26, and BMI of 21.01 ± 5.82 (M ± SD) for the boys and height 159.7 ± 7.22 cm, weight 52.02 ± 10.66 and BMI (kg / m2) 20.36 ± 3.85 (M ± SD) for the girls. The participants of this study completed 4 tests to determine the level of physical fitness, which are included in the System for Control and Assessment of the Achievements of the Students in Physical Education and Sports, used in the second stage of the primary education in Bulgaria until 2019 year. The functional tests were: for boys they are: 50m (sec) sprint running; 600 m (sec) for endurance; throwing a medicine ball 3 kg (cm) and standing long jump with both feet. For the girls: 50m (sec) sprint; 300m (sec) for endurance; sit ups (pc) and standing long jump with both feet (cm). The Score are from 1 to 5, depending on the value of the result. The somatotype was measured using the Heath-Carter method. The results show mean values for endomorph of 4.44 ± 1.47, for mesomorph of 4.94 ± 2.4, and for ectomorph of 3.12 ± 1.57 for the girls (mesomorph-endomorph) and values (M ± SD) of 3, 50 ± 1.58 for endomorphism, 5.74 ± 3.04 for mesomorphy and 3.28 ± 1.77 ectomorphy for the boys (balanced-mesomorph). We used GraphPad Prism version 3.0, for statistical analysis. The correlations between somatotype index, body mass index, and results of functional tests were calculated by coefficient of Pearson (p<0,05). We checked all possible relationships between ectomorphic, mesomorphic, and ectomorphic index with condition test results. Only 6 of them having significant correlation: between mesomorph and result of 50 m at Male7 r = 0.331, p = 0.048; between the ectomorph and the result of 50 m at Female7 r = -0.346, p = 0.045; between endomorph and 50 m result at Female7 r = 0.459, p = 0.006; between the endomorph and the result of a jump from the site at F7 r = -0.414, p = 0.0015; between mesomorphs and the result of a standing long jump of Female7 r = -0.519, p = 0.0016; between ectomorphs and a score of 50 m at Female1 r = -0.3359, p = 0.043 (Pearson). The most significant correlation was found between the BMI index and the 50 m result at Male7 r = 0.832, p <0.0001 (Pearson). We identified 11 of a total of 64 possible combinations; five of which between functional capability, BMI and six with somatotype index; five were low correlations (0.3–0.5) in the range r = 0.300– 0.340; only three high positive correlations were found in the range r = 0.693 - 0.832, p <0.0001 (Pearson); seven correlation dependencies were established with the result of the test for 50 m (sec); three with a jump test (cm) and one with 600 m (sec). In conclusion we can say that our hypothesis is not confirmed, because despite the normal weight, BMI and good somatotypic profile of the subjects , they have no statistically significant effect on the functional capabilities of students.