bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DETERMINATION OF SUSTAINABLE LEVELS OF DESIGN ALTERNATIVES SELECTION IN THE WORKFLOW CAP SYSTEM
Authors:   Kamyshin Institute of Technology (branch) of Volgograd State Technical University, Mitin S. G. , Bochkarev P. Yu. ,   Kamyshin Institute of Technology (branch) of Volgograd State Technical University,   Saratov State Vavilov Agrarian University, Shalunov V. V. ,   V.I. Razumovsky Saratov State Medical University, Razmanov I. A. ,   Gazsnabinvest JSC
Published: October 2021

The development of the mechanical treatment workflow CAP system is aimed at the solution of a crucial task of reduction of terms and the improvement of quality of multiproduct machining manufactures work preparation, as the existing workflow CAP systems have not got the possibility of fast response to changes in a production situation often arising within the multiproduct manufacture. The authors of this paper developed the workflow CAP system, which contains the requirements of the design activity full automation, design solution multivariance, and the feedback with the engineering process implementation subsystem. The paper deals with the development of a mathematical model and the technique of searching for sustainable levels of selecting design alternatives depending on the production situation for the whole design procedures of the workflow CAP system. The authors prove the application of a mathematical tool of genetic algorithms; describe the mathematical model using its terms. As a gene, the level of selection in a separate project procedure is specified. A chromosome is a set of genes according to the project procedures. The objective function determines the minimum total time of processing of the specified nomenclature of parts based on the ranges of gene aggregates resulting from crossing and mutation operations. The result of the work is the mathematical model and the technique for identifying the sustainable levels of selection in each project procedure ensuring the possibility of self-adjustment of the workflow CAP system depending on the production situation.
CHARACTERISTICS OF A GRADIENT MATERIAL BASED ON NI-CR STAINLESS STEEL AND H20N80 ALLOY PRODUCED BY ELECTRON-BEAM 3D-PRINTING
Authors:   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moskvina V. A. , Melnikov E. V. ,   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Zagibalova E. A. ,   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences,   National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University
Published: October 2021

The main problem of additively manufactured chromium-nickel austenitic stainless steels is the formation of a two-phase γ-austenite/δ-ferrite dendritic microstructure, which complicates their use and distinguishes them from cast single-phase analogs. The reasons for the formation of a two-phase structure are nonequilibrium solidification conditions, complex thermal history, and melt depletion by austenite-forming elements (nickel and manganese). Therefore, additional nickel alloying under the additive manufacturing of steels can stabilize the austenitic structure in them. In this work, the authors used electron-beam additive production with simultaneous feeding of two wires from austenitic stainless steel Fe-18.2Cr-9.5Ni-1.1Mn-0.7Ti-0.5Si-0.08C wt.% (SS, Cr18Ni10Ti) and alloy 77.7Ni-19.6Cr-1.8Si-0.5Fe-0.4Zr wt.% (Ni-Cr alloy, Cr20Ni80) to obtain two gradient billets. The authors used two wire-feeding strategies (the first one is four layers of SS/one layer of Cr20Ni80; the second one is one layer of SS/one layer of a mixture 80 % SS + 20 % Cr20Ni80). The study identified that the Ni-Cr alloying in the process of electron-beam additive production of SS billets suppressed δ-ferrite formation and contributes to the stabilization of the austenite phase. The deposition of Ni-Cr alloy next to the four layers of SS leads to inhomogeneity of the structure and chemical composition in the billet, low plasticity, and premature failure of these specimens during tensile tests. The sequential alternation of pure SS layers with those of a mixture of wires (80 % SS + 20 % Cr20Ni80) promotes the uniform mixing of two wires components and the formation of a more homogeneous structure in the gradient billet, which leads to an increase in the ductility of the specimens during mechanical tests.
THE INFLUENCE OF POSTWELD TEMPERING ON MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR OF FRICTION WELDED JOINTS OF 32G2 AND 40HN STEELS UNDER HIGH-CYCLE FATIGUE
Authors:   Orenburg State University, Atamashkin A. S. , Priymak E. Yu. ,   Orenburg State University,   ZBO Drill Industries
Published: October 2021

At modern mechanical facilities, the friction-welded joints are getting widespread as the most advanced production technique characterized by high efficiency, processability, cost-effectiveness, and safety. Moreover, it allows producing high-quality joints of a large number of different analogous and opposite metals and alloys. Despite all these advantages, one should consider that metal, in the process of welded joint formation, suffers a local thermo-deformational effect, which causes the gradient nature of the structure and residual strains of a welded joint. These factors directly influence the structure’s working ability and durability under fatigue loads, which are the most common cause for parts failure. The paper contains the assessment of the post-weld tempering influence on the cyclic life of welded joints of 32G2 and 40HN steels produced using the rotational friction welding technique. The authors tested laboratory specimens with welded joints under the high-cycle fatigue using the simulation machine with the two-point fastening of a revolving specimen under the action of even twisting moment. The study involved the statistical processing of the obtained results of cyclic life. Based on the metallographic analysis, the authors identified the weak points in welded points where the fatigue cracks initiation and progress occurred in the initial state and after tempering. The paper presents the fractographs illustrating the fracture mechanism of specimens under the study. The authors identified the influence of different tempering temperature modes on the cyclic life of the studied welded joints and the nature of their fracture. The study shows that tempering at the temperature over 400 °C promotes fracture acceleration under the effect of fatigue loads due to the development of return and polygonization processes in the vulnerable area of the thermomechanical action zone.
COLLISIONS BETWEEN THE LEGAL ACTS OF EURASIAN ECONOMIC UNION AUTHORITIES AND THE LEGAL ACTS OF THE REPUBLIC OF ARMENIA AND THEIR SETTLEMENT BY THE COURTS OF THE REPUBLIC OF ARMENIA
Authors:   Russian-Armenian (Slavonic) University, Ghambaryan A. S.
Published: October 2021

For a comprehensive study of collisions between the legal acts of the EEU authorities and legal acts of the Republic of Armenia, as well as the issues of their settlement by the RA courts, the author analyzes the regulations for the direct application of legal acts of the EEU authorities in the territory of the Republic of Armenia. There are no collision norms in the legislation of the Republic of Armenia, resolving the contradictions between the legal acts of the EEU bodies and the legal acts of the RA authorities (except the Constitution of the Republic of Armenia). The paper analyzes the positions of the Constitutional Court and Administrative Court of the Republic of Armenia on these issues. Before enshrining the collision norms in legislation, the author suggests the Armenian courts select one of the following options for resolving the issue. Option one: the court enshrines an independent lex superior collision rule in its judicial act, according to which the legal acts of the EEU authorities have the priority over those of the RA bodies, therefore in the case of such a contradiction, the legal acts of the EEU authorities are applied. The main disadvantage of this option is that there is difficulty in substantiating the validity (legitimacy) source of the collision rule established by the court. Option two: the legal characteristics of the EEU authorities’ acts are being equated with international treaties in a judicial act by legal fiction. Option three: the court states that there is a gap in the RA positive law concerning the settlement of contradictions between the legal acts of the EEU authorities and the legal acts of the Republic of Armenia, as neither Article 6 of the Constitution of the Republic of Armenia, nor the decision of the Constitutional Court No. ՍԴՈ-1175 and the Law of the Republic of Armenia “Concerning Normative Legal Acts” envisage the hierarchy and collision norm for the legal acts of the EEU authorities and those of the bodies of the Republic of Armenia. Subsequently, guided by Article 39 of the Law “Concerning Normative Legal Acts” (application of legal analogy) and resolving a conflict between the legal acts of the EEU authorities and the legal acts of the Republic of Armenia, part 3 of Article 5 of the RA Constitution should be analogically applied.
CONSTITUENT ELEMENTS OF EMBEZZLEMENT FROM A BANK CARD: THE PROBLEMS AND CRIMINAL ASPECTS
Authors:   Rostov State University of Economics (RINH), Goncharov A. A.
Published: October 2021

The current structure of a criminal law specifying the constituent elements of embezzlement from a card is imperfect concerning both the disposition and sanctions for a committed crime. The researchers fairly emphasize the urgency of the problem but consider commonly every method of embezzlement of money from a card apart from others, not proposing complex measures to eliminate contradictions arising in the process of study. Although the researchers recognize theft and fraud as equivalent crimes in the degree of danger to the public, to identify the responsibility level, it is necessary to determine reliably all objective evidence of any criminal act, which definitely can significantly differ in severity of punishment for their commitment. The paper studies such types of crime as the money embezzlement from bank cards by third parties. The system of normative legal acts of the Russian legislation the difference of fraud from theft. The objective aspect of constituent elements of a crime, the list of signs typical for the facade of a criminal act, peculiar to such group of crimes as embezzlement, are specified. The author distinguishes the objective elements of two bodies of evidence, which can fall under the definition of money embezzlement from a bank card: theft from a banking account and fraud, in other words, fraud using electronic payment facilities. The author concludes on the necessity to introduce to the RF Criminal Code the design article 158.2 with the description of constituent elements of money embezzlement from a banking account (card) in the form of theft to improve and unify criminal law in respect of responsibility for such type property crimes.
FORENSIC CRIMINOLOGICAL EXAMINATION OF TAKING THE HIGHEST POSITION IN THE CRIMINAL HIERARCHY
Authors:   Togliatti State University, Kondratyuk S. V.
Published: October 2021

The paper deals with the issue of referring a person to the criminal hierarchy status leaders. While studying criminal subculture, the author specified criminological signs of the criminal ranking highest position, identified functional, status, and attributive signs of taking the highest position in the criminal hierarchy. The thief-in-law, the overseer, and the loyalist represent the status leaders of the criminal ranking. The author developed a general methodology for the new forensic and criminological examination of taking the highest position in the criminal hierarchy. Actual data concerning the behavior of a person inspected containing in the case materials is the object of the examination. The subject of this examination is formulated as a complex of functional, status, and attributive features of any criminal hierarchy leader. The task of the proposed expertise is to clear up if a person has the status of the leader of the criminal hierarchy or not. The paper describes the specifics of the stages of this examination. At the preparatory stage, an expert checks the reliability of the objects presented, identifying the signs of their falsification, destruction, and modification. The author recommends carrying out mandatory verification and supporting the expert initiative. At the stage of independent research, an expert establishes key behavioral characteristics of a person inspected. Provided that they are sufficient, the next stage implies comparing them with a set of signs and features which are typical for people taking the highest positions in the criminal hierarchy. The final stage examination contains the evaluation of coincidences and formulation of conclusions. The author gives the recommendations on the expertise relating the conditional forms of conclusions based on the results of the examination of taking the highest position in the criminal hierarchy; proposes validating general and specific methods of expertise of taking the hierarchy highest position in terms of scientific research.
THE PROBLEM OF DOMESTIC VIOLENCE IN THE CONTEXT OF ARTICLES 116 AND 116.1 OF THE CRIMINAL CODE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors:   Far Eastern Federal University, Novikova K. K. , Khmelnitskaya D. D. ,   Far Eastern Federal University
Published: October 2021

Currently, the problem of domestic violence is quite urgent due to the annually increasing number of victims. Besides the increased attention from the legislation to this issue, the public itself is anxious about the existing situation: victims of domestic violence are treated disrespectfully as they either excessively draw attention to the situation that has arisen, or they are blamed for a late appeal to the law enforcement authorities. The paper defines the concept of domestic violence, specifies character traits of a person committing domestic violence as well as of a potential victim. Based on the analysis of litigation practice, the authors conclude on the absence of a unified approach to the definition of crime and the existence of gaps when punishing the third episode of a committed socially dangerous act. The analysis of data of the World Bank annual research “Women, Business and the Law” and the RF Ministry of Internal Affairs on domestic violence in the Russian Federation confirmed the existence of an acute problem, which remains unsolved on the legislative level for the rather long period. Within the current research, the authors propose introducing a new domestic violence body of evidence to the RF Criminal Code, whereby domestic violence should be considered willful damage for the life and health of a person being in the family, personal, or household relations. Specified innovations will allow significantly facilitating the work of law enforcement authorities and courts when classifying the acts and imposing a just punishment through the introduction of classified types of domestic violence when implementing the protection of rights of victims.
THE INFLUENCE OF RECREATIONAL WUSHU TRAINING ON THE AGGRASSIVE BEHAVIOR LEVEL OF ADOLESCENTS
Authors:   Ural State University of Physical Culture, Kastalsky O. O. , Bogomazova K. O. ,   South Ural State University
Published: October 2021

Psychological and pedagogical practice increasingly frequently deals with the problem of educating aggressive adolescents. A teenager experiences many stresses and, as a result of changes in the central nervous system, changes occur in mental processes, which, in combination with factors affecting the social environment, contributes to the emergence of aggressive behavior. Teenagers who play sports are more restrained and disciplined. The survey sample involved young men aged 13 to 15 years who had not previously engaged in wushu. To measure the average aggression indicators of survivors, the authors carried out tests using the questionnaire of L.G. Pochebut and the Bas-Perry aggressiveness questionnaire at the beginning and the end of the experiment. The selected adolescents practiced wushu three times a week for one hour a day for eight months. Within the experimental wushu complex, the instructors used cyclic exercises, basic stream energetic exercises, jumps, sparring, breathing, and recreational Chinese gymnastics affecting the harmonization of psycho-emotional processes. Exercises helped to relieve muscle tonus and develop self-control skills. The authors used both contact combat techniques and non-contact techniques – individual and recovery. The study showed that regular classes in recreational wushu had a positive effect on the survivors and their average levels of aggression decreased. Exercising recreational wushu in a group of tested adolescents generally contributed to psycho-emotional tension removal through an energy splash with the help of physical activity and other meditative techniques.
1951–1958 AS THE TIME OF THE FIRST: AT THE ORIGINS OF CREATION OF THE FACILITIES OF THE KUIBYSHEV INDUSTIAL INSTITUTE BRANCH UNDER KUIBYSHEVGYDROSTROY IN STAVROPOL (TOGLIATTI)
Authors:   Togliatti State University, Adaevskaya T. I.
Published: October 2021

The paper analyzes the role of the city forming construction of the Kuibyshev hydroelectric power station (KGS) on the Volga and opening in a small town of Stavropol a branch of Kuibyshev Industrial Institute (KII) affiliated to Kuibyshevgidrostroy (since 2001 – Togliatti State University). The research is focused on historical and pedagogical analysis of the processes which influenced the university formation and development, its facility development in the first years of the university history. The paper considers the aspects of the planned construction of the university buildings in the Central District in the new town of Stavropol, and the projects that were not implemented, or built and functioned for a short time. The analysis is focused on the initial stages of the improvement of university premises and territory. Based on the analysis of archival data and museum expositions an imaginary route of an excursion over the territory of the university of that period was recreated. For the first time, two-stage plan for the reconstruction of the compact accommodation for students of the KII branch is published. The first stage of the study covers the period from 1951 to 1953, during which the infrastructure of the university was created for its temporary operation until the city of Stavropol was totally flooded. The results of the second stage of the study (the period of the construction of the hydroelectric power station from 1954 (after the flooding of the historical territory of the city of Stavropol) till 1958) made it possible to reconstruct the university infrastructure in the new territory of the city. The original buildings were almost completely lost – buildings for a different use were erected in their place. Therefore, recognition of the earliest existing territories that are part of the university infrastructure is of particular value. It has been established that an important role in the creation of the university facilities was played by the government, city authorities and the management of the construction site of the Kuibyshev hydroelectric power station. The formation of the first higher school in Stavropol, which later grew into Togliatti State University, contributed to the rapid development of the entire urban infrastructure. It was revealed that for the period of the KGS construction the university facilities and resources provided the opportunity for high-quality training of engineering personnel that met international standards.
THE CRITERIA AND PARAMETERS OF EVALUATING OPERATIONAL EFFICIENCY WHEN USING BUDGETARY FUNDS
Authors:   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Demidova S. E.
Published: October 2021

The efficiency as an economical category reflects the attained result through the resources expended for its achievement. The analysis of the “efficiency” category requires the distinguishing of the categories of effectiveness, efficacy, and efficiency of the resources used. Budgetary expenditure efficiency depends on the efficiency of activity of the budgeting participants on the operational and functional levels. Management of operational efficiency of public funds utilization is a tactical tool, the improvement of which is determined by the digital technologies and novations in government control – risk-oriented and project-based approaches. The paper contains theoretical research of the categories of efficiency and operational efficiency of utilizing budgetary funds. The study presents the author’s approach to operational efficiency, including identifying aspects of budget expenditure sanctioning, liquidity management, and control. The loss of operational efficiency when using budgetary funds may occur due to the risks both of the external environment and internal management system; first of all, they are related to the activity of treasury and financial bodies. The author specifies operational efficiency criteria and the attributes for their classification. These criteria are operations security (the protection from illegal acts) and control (in this case, the preliminary control expansion is in priority). The author proposes an algorithm for evaluating operational efficiency based on test analysis and search for the errors, weak points, and non-adjustments of control procedures. The algorithm is based on the accumulated considerable volume of data forming the interrelations of the procedures, stages, and actions of the participants and non-participants of the budgeting process. Operational efficiency improvement is possible through additional funds when allocating remaining budgetary funds temporarily out of use in the financial market; through cost-saving; through the growth of work performance when using digital technologies.
THE ASSESSMENT OF TAX POTENTIAL OF THE AGRARIAN SECTOR OF THE SARATOV REGION ECONOMY
Authors:   Saratov State Vavilov Agrarian University, Nayanov A. V. , Alaikina L. N. ,   Saratov State Vavilov Agrarian University, Novoselova S. A. ,   Saratov State Vavilov Agrarian University, Sharikova I. V. ,   Saratov State Vavilov Agrarian University
Published: October 2021

The authors considered the problematic issues of assessment and the directions of improvement of the tax potential application efficiency at the regional and municipal levels as the fill rate of their budgets mainly depends on tax revenues. In this regard, the issues of objectivity of the assessment of tax potential and the possibility of its increase are of great interest for municipal administrations and bodies of the legislative power of beneficiary regions. The authors evaluated the aggregate taxable entities at macro-and micro-levels. The study identified the possibility of using tax potential when assessing the level of impact of taxation on the formation of the conditions for enterprise growth. The authors discovered the interrelation between tax potential at the macro-level and the priority directions choice for the region’s development, analyzed the structure of taxpayers, and determined their role in the formation of the Saratov Region revenue. The paper substantiates the significance of each type of tax, levies, and charge in the formation of the consolidated budget of the region. The authors focus on the types of taxation regimes of agricultural organizations, the size of their tax burden. The paper includes the analysis of tax payment flows, as well as presents the list of obligations of agricultural producers to pay taxes depending on the selected taxation regime. The authors analyzed the influence of tax returns from agroindustrial complex activity on the formation of the Saratov Region revenue, evaluated the taxation of agriculture by the types of taxes, and calculated the tax potential of agricultural producers. The study identified the problems and specified several meaningful measures, which allow identifying the reserves aimed at increasing the level of tax potential of the region and municipal entities.
Хронический простатит и бактериальный вагиноз как причины нарушения репродуктивной функции пары
Authors: Яковец Я.В. , Яковец Е.А.
Published: October 2021

Бактериальный вагиноз (БВ) – нарушение микрофлоры влагалища - достаточно частая патология, которая зачастую может сопровождать женщину в течение всей ее жизни. Это приводит к появлению различных воспалительных осложнений сначала в генитальной сфере, а затем и в полностью в урогенитальном тракте – в виде лейкоплакии мочевого пузыря, что безусловно нарушает не только качество жизни женщины, но и приводит к нарушениям репродуктивной функции. Полноценное обследование и лечение супругов приводит к устранению не только причины, но и всех последствий. Репродуктивный потенциал пары восстанавливается.
Методы устранения комплексов неполноценности у современных подростков
Authors: Коммунарова А.И.
Published: October 2021

Актуальной проблемой в наше время является наличие у подростков комплексов неполноценности, которые, буквально «отравляют» их жизнь в той или иной степени и мешают правильному развитию. Чтобы справиться с этой проблемой, нужно шире использовать методы психологической поддержки, позволяющие осуществлять эффективную борьбу с комплексами. Результаты проведенного авторами социологического опроса показали, что большинство подростков не пользуются советами по устранению комплексов из интернета, а те ребята, которые ими воспользовались, не были удовлетворены результатом. Возможно, это связано с тем, что данные методы немного устарели, поэтому необходимо их усовершенствовать или найти новые. Для решения этой проблемы подростки смогли дать развернутые ответы на вопрос о том, как они борются со своими комплексами, исходя из собственного жизненного опыта, и на их основе были обновлены методы, представленные в интернете.
Инфосфера и неотеррористическая агресссия в эпоху гибридных войн
Authors: Соколова А.А. , Соколова С.Н.
Published: October 2021

В статье авторы обращают особое внимание на вопросы, касающиеся современной инфосферы, информационной безопасности личности, а также неотеррористической агрессии, как базового элемента стратегии гибридных войн.
Organization of educational practice on the anthropological ideas
Authors: Malakova N.S.
Published: October 2021

The article is devoted the problem of human solved under the conditions of education. Demonstrated ways of implementation activities: «Human health», «Human and inner world», «Human and outer world». Examples of schools in the city of St. Petersburg, Leningrad and Pskov regions show the «points of growth» anthropological practice. The formation of health-saving way of school life; the disclosure of the value of health meanings of education; developing individual-oriented systems and programs; support for children's giftedness; the establishment of children's organizations, giving the opportunity to find friends, to demonstrate their abilities in socially significant activities. The problem of human all more than fills the field of educational research that speaks about the rise of the anthropological trends in modern education. At the same time, the building of human in education is constrained by factors: the growing ideological vacuum, the formation of a utilitarian approach to the person, destruction of the purity of childhood. Necessary methodological basis for the emerging anthropological practice. The main role should play the teacher, conscious of his high mission of formation of human potential.
Prospects of pre-professional pedagogical training of schoolchildren in modern conditions
Authors:   Ushinsky Yaroslavl State Pedagogical University, Bayborodova Lyudmila V. , Chernyavskaya Anna P. ,   Ushinsky Yaroslavl State Pedagogical University, Golovina Inna V. ,   Academy of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia, Gruzdev Mikhail V. ,   Ushinsky Yaroslavl State Pedagogical University, Paputkova Galina Al. ,   Academy of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia, Khodyrev Alexander M. ,   Ushinsky Yaroslavl State Pedagogical University
Published: October 2021

The purpose of the article is to identify some promising ideas and directions for the development of pre-professional pedagogical training of schoolchildren. The main research methods are analysis, systematization and generalization of survey data from representatives of 87 regions of the Russian Federation, study of documents presented on the websites of educational organizations, colleges and universities, conversations with teachers and organizers of pedagogical and psychologicalpedagogical classes and groups. The advanced experience of using an integrated approach to training personnel for the education system is revealed: implementation of the Pedagogical Classes Program; organization of psychological and pedagogical training of schoolchildren with the involvement of pedagogical universities and colleges in the region; development of student’ skills and abilities necessary for activities in the social and pedagogical sphere; training high school students according to the individual curriculum; attracting learners of pedagogical classes to participate in psychological and pedagogical olympiads and competitions of professional skills. The main promising directions of pre-professional pedagogical training of schoolchildren are determined: consistency of the target, content and organizational components at all stages of training for the education sector; development of a regulatory framework taking into account different models of psychological and pedagogical classes; development of interaction between educational and professional organizations; stimulating the professional development of personnel working in pedagogical and psychological-pedagogical classes.
Augmented and virtual reality technologies: innovations in teaching foreign languages at the university
Authors:   Tula State University, Konnova Zoya I. , Semenova Galina V. ,   Tula State University
Published: October 2021

Modern society requires specialists who are ready to act in a high-tech professional environment. The use of Augmented Reality (AR) and Virtual Reality (VR) technologies is a key direction for the development of the professional sphere in the near future. The relevance of this study is due to the need to introduce these technologies in the field of foreign language education in universities to optimize the process of forming students' professional foreign language competence. The purpose of this article is to study and analyze the existing experience of using educational technologies of augmented and virtual reality in teaching a foreign language in Russia and abroad. Methodology and methods: the lack of a sufficient research base devoted directly to the experience of implementing AR and VR technologies in the process of teaching a foreign language to university students led to the choice of a comprehensive research methodology: theoretical analysis of scientific, pedagogical and methodological literature on the research topic, description and analysis of research results. As a result, the article analyzes the use of augmented and virtual reality technologies in teaching a foreign language, their purpose and functions. The possibility of using these technologies in the educational environment in order to visualize the educational material, supplement it with visual information technologies by reading the QR code with smartphones, tablets and other gadgets, increase motivation and interest in learning is shown. The advantages and disadvantages of augmented and virtual reality technologies are highlighted. It is concluded that educational AR and VR technologies have a huge potential for teaching a foreign language in universities, and many of their shortcomings will be eliminated in the coming years.
Features of corporate culture in small business organizations
Authors:   Fevzi Yakubov Crimean Engineering and Pedagogical University, Tishchenko Nikolay A. , Luchinkina Angelica I. ,   Fevzi Yakubov Crimean Engineering and Pedagogical University
Published: October 2021

One of the main tasks set by the President of the Russian Federation to the Government in May 2018 is the development of small and medium-sized businesses. In recent years, the number of small business organizations in the Crimea has grown significantly, which, on the one hand, develops the economic sector of the Republic and provides jobs, and on the other, creates the fiercest competition in a market economy. So, only in the Crimea, more than 90% of small businesses sell their services to consumers, and are not producers of goods. In addition, the services offered by such companies are not exclusive in the Crimean market. For a company to be competitive, it needs to be recognized and be ahead when compared to other companies. In fact, to ensure competitiveness, a small business company must have a stable positive image, be familiar to everybody. Otherwise, the lifetime of such a company is limited from 1 year to 3 years. The purpose of the article is to describe the results of the study of the corporate culture of small business organizations. Materials and methods. To diagnose the corporate culture of the organization, we used the OSAI method; to determine the styles and norms of behavior, to identify the leading motives of employees' activities – the method of diagnosing the socio psychological attitudes of the individual in the motivational- need sphere developed by O.F. Potemkina. In the course of the study of 7 Crimean small business enterprises, the authors identified several groups of enterprises with tendencies to different types of corporate culture. The motivational profiles of the enterprises included in the ascertaining experiment were studied. During the discussion of the research procedure and its results there were questions concerning the cumbersomeness of psychodiagnostic techniques that measure the type and level of formation of corporate culture, as well as determining the criteria for the success of small businesses with different types of corporate culture in the market.
Preventing information security incidents
Authors:   Belgorod State Agrarian University named after V.Ya. Gorin, Voronina Anastasia A. , Skripina Irina I. ,   Belgorod State Agrarian University named after V.Ya. Gorin
Published: October 2021

Information is becoming a very important resource and begins to exceed even tangible assets in importance. In connection with the rapid development of the importance of information in the modern world, encroachments on information resources began to grow. A group of information security tools was developed to prevent unauthorized access to it or its elements. This group of tools is defined as the term "information security". It should be noted that it is precisely the preventive measures to ensure the security of information that are important, and not the elimination of the consequences of these problems. In the course of his work, the developer may accidentally make a mistake as a consequence of which a future vulnerability may be formed at this point. Vulnerability is a weak point of a program or software; having discovered this point, an attacker can easily harm information. If the threat came out deliberate, then there are methods to ensure the security of information. This article discusses information protection measures.
The binder influence on the performance of positive electrodes of lithium-sulfur batteries
Authors:   A. N. Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry RAS, Kulova Tatiana L. , Li Sergey A. ,   National Research University “Moscow Power Engineering Institute”, Ryzhikova Evgeniya V. ,   National Research University “Moscow Power Engineering Institute”, Skundin Alexander M. ,   A. N. Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry RAS
Published: October 2021

The comparison of performance of positive electrodes of lithium-sulfur batteries made using the binders based on fluoroplastic (PVDF Solef 5310 and Kynar) and polyethylene oxide (PEO) was carried out. The electrodes made using PVDF Kynar or limited amounts of PEO were shown to have certain advantages. It was also found that electrodes with PEO had an increased specific capacity during the initial period of cycling, whereas electrodes with Kynar were characterized by the minimum capacity fading during cycling.
Composite C/MnO2 electrodes for electrochemical capacitors based on water electrolyte
Authors:   Southern Federal University, Chernyavina Valentina V. , Berezhnaya Alexandra G. ,   Southern Federal University, Lepeschkin Igor O. ,   Southern Federal University, Dyshlovaya Yaroslava A. ,   Southern Federal University
Published: October 2021

The electrochemical properties of C/MnO2 composite materials in 1 M sodium sulfate solution were investigated using the methods of cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge-discharge and impedance spectroscopy. It was shown that the capacitive characteristics of the electrodes depend on the nature and the method of obtaining manganese oxide nanoparticles. It was established that the material containing manganese oxide obtained using isoamyl alcohol as a reducing agent has high electrochemical characteristics.
The concept of “love” as a component of native speakers’ linguistic picture of the world: The results of associative experiments
Authors:   Saratov State University, Andreeva Svetlana V. , Useynova Lubov S. ,   Saratov State University
Published: October 2021

The article analyzes the role of “love” concept in the linguistic picture of the world of modern native speakers of different ages. Based on a number of associative experiments and quantitative analysis the research defines the most frequent semantic categories of the reactions of the respondents belonging to ten age groups. The authors focus on the dynamics of associations within the semantic category “negative emotions and states”.
On the role of morphological means in an advertising text (Based on the English and French languages)
Authors:   Southern Federal University, Dudnikova Lina V. , Shevchenko Marina S. ,   Rostov Law Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation
Published: October 2021

The article considers morphological means actively used in modern advertising text. The structure of the advertising text is studied, the characteristics of its main elements are given. The authors analyze how frequently the parts of speech are used in the English and French advertising slogans.
Language features of sports Telegram channels
Authors:   Ulyanovsk State University, Onuprienko Kseniya A.
Published: October 2021

The article considers linguistic peculiarities of the modern media language on the example of publications about sports topics in the Telegram messenger. The following Russian Telegram channels were selected as the material for the study: “Real football”, “Football with GOAL24”, “Sports.ru”. The author studies the news content for the period from July 2018 to July 2020; the ways of reflecting sport events and those close to sport in the texts are analyzed.
A Crimean page in the biography of Fet: Afanasy Fet and Xenophont Revelioti
Authors:   Saratov State University, Cheremisinova Larisa I.
Published: October 2021

The article deals with the study of the Crimean journey of A. A. Fet (September 25 – October 8, 1879). The introduction of unpublished materials (from the poet’s correspondence with X. Revelioti, A. Kazi, S. Argamakov, A. L. Brzheska, and M. K. Revelioti) into the scientific circulation allows us to clarify the chronology, circumstances, and content of the trip to the Crimea.
“Here out of the foam of my saliva purest…” A. Kruchenykh: Transformation of the myth about Venus Anadyomene
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University, Tyryshkina Elena V.
Published: October 2021

The article examines the transformation and functioning of the myth of Venus Anadyomene in the early lyrics by A. Kruchenykh in the context of the main trends of the futurism aesthetics and literary/painting studies on Venus-Aphrodite iconography of 1910-1925. The myth remains at the level of the plot basis as a relic; however, there is a shift of emphasis from the female ideal of beauty and cultural symbol to the male figure, usurping the power of creation.
O. I. Ilyin’s Paradoxes
Authors:   Saratov State University, Ivanyushina Irina Yu.
Published: October 2021

The article, intended to coincide with the 100th anniversary of Oleg Ivanovich Ilyin, deals with the analysis of his research methodology. On the example of his work Mayakovsky’s Hyperboles (1968) the main principles of analyzing the poet’s idiostyle are shown, approaches to the most important issues in literary criticism, outpacing their time, are highlighted.
Personality in science: Emilia Petrovna Kadkalova. On the 90th anniversary of the professor
Authors:   Saratov State University, Veselkova Tatyana V.
Published: October 2021

The article highlights the main milestones of the life and work of E. P. Kadkalova, a prominent Russian of the Saratov linguistic scientific school. The characteristic features of E. P. Kadkalova as a researcher and a person, the fundamental features of her methodology are highlighted.
Behavior of adolescents in the digital educational environment: Definition of concepts and formulation of the problem
Authors:   Psychological Institute of the Russian Academy of Education, Panov Viktor I. , Borisenko Natalya A. ,   Psychological Institute of the Russian Academy of Education, Mironova Ksenia V. ,   Psychological Institute of the Russian Academy of Education, Shishkova Svetlana V. ,   Psychological Institute of the Russian Academy of Education
Published: October 2021

The relevance of the problem of adolescent behavior in the digital educational environment is conditioned by acceleration of education digitalization processes, which participate in the formation of a new type of behavior, i.e. digital behavior, that is defined as a system of actions associated with the use of the digital environment. The purpose of the present work is to investigate the current state of this problem and outline the prospects for its further study on the basis of the analysis and generalization of Russian and foreign sources. We employ the methods of theoretical analysis, systematization of the results of relevant psychological and pedagogical studies and the retrospective analysis of key concepts. We also present the general conceptual system of the research area under study and the genesis and semantics of the terms: information behavior, digital behavior, educational environment, digital educational environment (DEE). The study has revealed the process of transformation of views on the educational environment and the difference between the digital environment and the pre-digital one. The problem area of DEE study has been indicated: positive and negative effects of DEE implementation, psychological reasons for rejecting innovations, psychological safety of the educational environment and design of the effective DEE. We have also investigated the problem of full scale use of digital educational platforms and services in Russian schools to improve the quality of the learning process, including distance learning. We have considered the sources and methods of researching digital behavior, i.e. digital psychometrics based on the analysis of “digital footpri nts”. Unlike most works that study deviant behavior of adolescents, our work focuses on normative, pro-social behavior. We have taken into consideration such problems as behavior of schoolchildren on different digital educational platforms, digital multitasking, interaction of adolescents with electronic text content, stages of subjectivity formation in the digital educational space, which are relevant for the study.
Breaking connections in the representations of “I – Stranger” interaction: Determinants and prerequisites (the case study of extremist groups)
Authors:   Saratov State University, Ryaguzova Elena V.
Published: October 2021

The article presents the results of a theoretical reflection on the main prerequisites and determinants of extremism as a complex sociopsychological phenomenon which poses a serious threat to international security. Purpose: to study social and socio-psychological determinants which contribute to and lead to breaking connections in the “I – Stranger” dyad as fundamentals of sociability (on the example of extremist groups). We identified social and socio-psychological factors (social tension, instability, uncertainty, stratified social isolation, group status, perceived discrimination, group ideology), serving as prerequisites for extremism, which contribute to breaking ties in the “I – Stranger” dyad along with psychological predictors. The example of extremist groups has shown that, on the one hand, breaking these connections leads to an exaggerated sense of “We”, erosion of individuality, depreciation of one’s own life and “self-erasure” against the background of group superiority and narcissism, on the other hand, it leads to depersonalization, demonization and dehumanization of “Stranger”, positioning him / her as a person who is not fully human, a faceless enemy. It has been established that breaking connections in representations of “I – Stranger” interaction facilitates the process associated with losing a sense of self as a key point in the construction and cognition of the social world and its replacement by the collective “We”. The applied aspect of the problem under study is the possibility of using the results of the analysis for developing preventive socio-psychological programmers and trainings aimed at preventing extremism and religious radicalism in the young people’s environment.
Debt behavior of different generations before and after COVID-19
Authors:   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Gagarina Maria A.
Published: October 2021

The relevance of researching debt behavior in the context of the pandemic is associated with the need to understand the changes in the willingness of Russians to postpone the satisfaction of their needs and help others in the face of a worsening epidemiological, economic and social situation in the country. The aim of the study was to compare the debt behavior of the baby boomer generations X, Y and Z before and after the beginning of the pandemic. Research hypothesis, respondents interviewed prior to COVID-19 will have a lower willingness to lend and borrow, and willingness to fulfill obligations will remain unchanged, compared to respondents interviewed after COVID-19. Sample 1: interviewed from 2013 to January 2019, before the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic in Russia, N = 390 (159 men, 217 women, 14 did not indicate gender), representatives of different generations. Sample 2: interviewed in 2020, N = 390 (201 men, 189 women), 17–70 years, corresponding in age and number of representatives of different generations to respondents from sample 1. Methods: questionnaire, including socio-demographic data and borrowing experience, “Debt behavior express inventory”. For sample 2, additionally the experience of the COVID-19 pandemic and questionnaire “Attitude of the individual to the epidemiological threat” by T. A. Nestik. Results. For generations of baby boomers, X, Y, there are similar changes in readiness for debt behavior in all areas: borrowing, lending and fulfilling obligations. Compared to the respondents surveyed before the beginning of the pandemic, there are significantly higher values (Student’s t-test, p <0.01) on the scale of “condemnation of borrowers” and significantly lower values on the “rationality of debt behavior” and “avoidance of debt” scales. The difference between generations in experiencing an epidemiological threat is the difference between generation Z and older generations. It is shown that the higher the fear of a worsening economic situation as a result of COVID-19 is, the lower the willingness to both borrow and lend is, and the higher the confidence in one’s ability to cope with difficulties and empathy for others during the pandemic are, the greater the readiness to fulfill debt obligations is.