bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Methodology for Addressing Infectious Aerosol Persistence in Real-Time Using Sensor Network
Authors: Makhsous Sepehr , Segovia Joelle M. , He Jiayang , Chan Daniel , Lee Larry , Novosselov Igor V. , Mamishev Alexander V.
Published: June 2021

Human exposure to infectious aerosols results in the transmission of diseases such as influenza, tuberculosis, and COVID-19. Most dental procedures generate a significant number of aerosolized particles, increasing transmission risk in dental settings. Since the generation of aerosols in dentistry is unavoidable, many clinics have started using intervention strategies such as area-filtration units and extraoral evacuation equipment, especially under the relatively recent constraints of the pandemic. However, the effectiveness of these devices in dental operatories has not been studied. Therefore, the ability of dental personnel to efficiently position and operate such instruments is also limited. To address these challenges, we utilized a real-time sensor network for assessment of aerosol dynamics during dental restoration and cleaning producers with and without intervention. The strategies tested during the procedures were (i) local area High-Efficiency Particle Air (HEPA) filters and (ii) Extra-Oral Suction Device (EOSD). The study was conducted at the University of Washington School of Dentistry using a network of 13 fixed sensors positioned within the operatory and one wearable sensor worn by the dental operator. The sensor network provides time and space-resolved particulate matter (PM) data. Three-dimensional (3D) visualization informed aerosol persistence in the operatory. It was found that area filters did not improve the overall aerosol concentration in dental offices in a significant way. A decrease in PM concentration by an average of 16% was observed when EOSD equipment was used during the procedures. The combination of real-time sensors and 3D visualization can provide dental personnel and facility managers with actionable feedback to effectively assess aerosol transmission in medical settings and develop evidence-based intervention strategies.
Towards 6G IoT: Tracing Mobile Sensor Nodes with Deep Learning Clustering in UAV Networks
Authors: Spyridis Yannis , Lagkas Thomas , Sarigiannidis Panagiotis , Argyriou Vasileios , Sarigiannidis Antonios , Eleftherakis George , Zhang Jie
Published: June 2021

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in the role of flying anchor nodes have been proposed to assist the localisation of terrestrial Internet of Things (IoT) sensors and provide relay services in the context of the upcoming 6G networks. This paper considered the objective of tracing a mobile IoT device of unknown location, using a group of UAVs that were equipped with received signal strength indicator (RSSI) sensors. The UAVs employed measurements of the target’s radio frequency (RF) signal power to approach the target as quickly as possible. A deep learning model performed clustering in the UAV network at regular intervals, based on a graph convolutional network (GCN) architecture, which utilised information about the RSSI and the UAV positions. The number of clusters was determined dynamically at each instant using a heuristic method, and the partitions were determined by optimising an RSSI loss function. The proposed algorithm retained the clusters that approached the RF source more effectively, removing the rest of the UAVs, which returned to the base. Simulation experiments demonstrated the improvement of this method compared to a previous deterministic approach, in terms of the time required to reach the target and the total distance covered by the UAVs.
Community and Communitarianism in Toni Morrison: Restoring the Self and Relating with the Other
Authors: Koh TaeJin , Kwak Saera
Published: June 2021

Toni Morrison discusses the rebirth of the entire Black race through self-recovery. However, her novels are not limited to the identity of Black women and people but are linked to a wider community. Morrison might have tried to imagine a community in which Black identity can be socially constituted. In this paper, we discuss the concept of community by examining communitarianism, which is the basis of justice and human rights. Although community is an ambiguous notion in the context of communitarianism, communitarians criticize the abstract conceptualization of human rights by liberal individualists, but also see that human rights are universally applicable to a community as a shared conception of social good. Communitarianism emphasizes the role and importance of community in personal life, self-formation, and identity. Morrison highlights the importance of self-worth within the boundary of community, reclaiming the development of Black identity. In the Nancian sense, a community is not a work of art to be produced. It is communicated through sharing the finitude of others—that is, “relation” itself is the fundamental structure of existence. In this regard, considering Toni Morrison’s novels alongside communitarianism and Nancy’s analysis of community may enable us to obtain a sense of the complex aspects of self and community. For Morrison, community may be the need for harmony and combination, acknowledging the differences and diversity of each other, not the opposition between the self and the other, the center and periphery, men and women. This societal communitarianism is the theme covered in this paper, which deals with the problem of identity loss in Morrison’s representative novels Sula and Beloved and examines how Black individuals and community are formed. Therefore, this study aims to examine a more complex understanding of community, in which the self and relations with others can be formed, in the context of Toni Morrison’s works.
Readiness of Polish Industrial Enterprises for the Industry 4.0 Revolution
Authors: Lis Marcin , Jeżyna Bartosz , Szkudlarek Ewa , Szumiał Szymon
Published: June 2021

Implementing solutions related to Industry 4.0 is a challenge for Polish industrial enterprises, regardless of size or affiliation to a larger, international organisation. The aim of this article is to examine the awareness, readiness and ability of these enterprises to meet this challenge. This study was conducted on a group of 60 randomly selected representatives of companies operating in Poland. A structured interview consisting of 32 questions, carried out using the English computer-assisted web interview (CAWI) method, was used to collect the data. Statistical differences between companies employing up to 249 people and companies employing at least 250 people were verified by the use of the nonparametric Mann–Whitney U test. Latent variables were also extracted, and the comparison was conducted using the independent samples from a Student’s t-test. Regardless of the differences in responses between companies employing up to 249 employees and those employing 250 or more, the results showed an insufficient level of knowledge of technological solutions as well as a lack of awareness about supporting business development by means of specialised technology providers. Even though little awareness of the importance of Industry 4.0 solutions was identified, identifying key determinants for raising awareness of these solutions among companies operating in Poland may become not only the basis of further scientific research but also of a vital catalogue of activities that can be used to disseminate knowledge in this area. Both paths are extremely important for Polish enterprises. Practical implementation of Industry 4.0 measures particularly entails additional support for small and medium-sized enterprises (hereinafter SME) investment in technological, financial and human resources.
Characterization of Immune Responses to SARS-CoV-2 and Other Human Pathogenic Coronaviruses Using a Multiplex Bead-Based Immunoassay
Authors: Borena Wegene , Kimpel Janine , Gierer Melanie , Rössler Annika , Riepler Lydia , Oehler Susanne , von Laer Dorothee , Miholits Markus
Published: June 2021

Serological assays that simultaneously detect antibodies to multiple targets of SARS-CoV-2 and to other structurally related coronaviruses provide a holistic picture of antibody response patterns. Well-validated multiplex immunoassays are scarce. Here, we evaluated the performance of an 11-plex serological assay capable of detecting antibodies directed to four antigenic targets of SARS-CoV-2 and to S1 proteins of other human pathogenic coronaviruses. We used 620 well-characterized sera (n = 458 seropositive and n = 110 seronegative for SARS-CoV-2 in the pre-SARS-CoV-2 era and n = 52 seronegative for SARS-CoV-2 in the era of SARS-CoV-2) as positive and negative standards. We calculated the sensitivity, specificity, as well as positive and negative predictive values, including a 95% confidence interval. The difference in mean fluorescence intensity (95% CI) was used to assess a potential cross-reaction between antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 and the other coronaviruses. The sensitivity (95% CI) of detecting anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies to four antigenic targets ranged from 83.4% (76.7–86.7) to 93.7% (91.0–95.7) and the specificity from 98.2% (93.6–99.8) to 100% (96.7–100). We observed no obvious cross-reaction between anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and antibodies to the other coronaviruses except for SARS-CoV-1. The high sensitivity and specificity warrant a reliable utilization of the assay in population-based seroprevalence surveys or vaccine efficacy studies.
Optimization of Vero Cells Grown on a Polymer Fiber Carrier in a Disposable Bioreactor for Inactivated Coxsackievirus A16 Vaccine Development
Authors: Chen Keda , Li Chaonan , Wang Ying , Shen Zhenwei , Guo Yikai , Li Xiaoping , Zhang Yanjun
Published: June 2021

At present, there are no vaccines available for hand, foot, and mouth disease, which is caused by Coxsackie virus A16 (CVA16) infection. In the present study, we isolated epidemic strains of CVA16 and optimized the production of the virus in Vero cells. The system comprised growing the infected cells on polymer fiber paper carriers in a serum-free medium containing 0.5% (w/v) lactalbumin hydrolysate a mini bioreactor. Disposable Bioflo310 and AmProtein Current perfusion bioreactors were used to monitor virus infection and Vero cell culture. The total number of cells increased from 1.5 × 109 to 3.0 × 1010. In our optimized culture process, the virus titer reached 7.8 × 107 TCID50/mL at three days after infection. The inactivated CVA16 prepared from our optimized culture procedure elicited a slightly higher neutralizing antibody titer compared with that derived from routine culture procedures. These results will promote the large-scale production of inactivated CVA16 vaccines using nonwoven polymer fiber paper cell cultures.
Nutrient Removal in Sequential Batch Polishing Ponds
Authors: dos Santos Silvânia Lucas , van Haandel Adrianus
Published: June 2021

One of the main problems of waste stabilization ponds (WSP) is that they cannot remove nutrients when treating wastewater. Polishing ponds (PP) can efficiently remove nitrogen and phosphorus from effluents after efficient anaerobic pretreatment. It shown that the feasibility of nutrient removal is directly related to the pH that is established in the ponds. WSP normally operate at near neutral pH, but the biological processes that develop in PP tend to cause an elevation of pH and this, in turn, triggers the mechanisms of nutrient removal in ponds. In PP oxygen production by photosynthesis predominates over the oxidation of organic material. The net oxygen production has an equivalent CO2 consumption and this induces an increase in pH. The mechanism for nitrogen removal was identified as the desorption of ammonia from the liquid phase of the ponds. It was established that in ponds with a uniform concentration profile in the liquid phase the process developed in accordance with Fick’s law. The governing mechanism of phosphorus removal was precipitation with ions present in the wastewater, presumably calcium and magnesium. Polishing ponds can be operated with two different hydrodynamic regimes: flow-through (FTPP) and sequential batch (SBPP) ponds. The SBPP have the advantage that the pH elevation is more rapid, and that the final pH is higher.
Identifying Ecosystem Services for a Framework of Ecological Importance for Rivers in South East Asia
Authors: Meynell Peter-John , Metzger Marc , Stuart Neil
Published: June 2021

There are increasing concerns for the ecological health of rivers, and their ability to provide important ecosystem services. Frameworks describing the character and condition of rivers have been developed in many parts of the world but rarely include river ecosystem services. South East Asia is a region with some of the world’s great rivers—Mekong, Salween and Ayeyarwady—running through six different countries, but data on river ecological character and condition is patchy and inconsistent. Development pressures on these rivers has never been higher, and ecosystem services may be lost before being described and valued. The development of a framework of ecological importance is envisaged, which maps out the relative contributions of river reaches to a wide range of ecosystem services. This could be a tool for river basin planning and water resource management, baseline information for impact assessment of infrastructure (for example, hydropower and irrigation), and for protecting ecologically important areas. We asked a diverse group of 109 river basin planners, and water and natural resource management professionals in the region whether a framework of ecological importance would support their activities, and which river ecosystem services are most important to be assessed. Our findings allow prioritisation of river ecosystem services to be assessed and mapped according to importance in different river reaches and sub-basins within the region. The locations of ranked threats and pressures on the river systems allow indication of river health and integrity in these sub-basins. We consider the feasibility of measuring ecosystem services and pressures through the identification of appropriate indicators, methods, and availability of global, regional, and national data.
Long-term outcomes after anal fistula surgery: results from two university hospitals in Thailand
Authors: Chadbunchachai Weeraput , Lohsiriwat Varut , Paonariang Krisada
Published: June 2021

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate long-term outcomes after anal fistula surgery from university hospitals in Thailand.Methods: A prospectively collected database of patients with cryptoglandular anal fistula undergoing surgery from 2011 to 2017 in 2 university hospitals was reviewed. Outcomes were treatment failure (persistent or recurrent fistula), fecal continence status, and chronic postsurgical pain.Results: This study included 247 patients; 178 (72.1%) with new anal fistula and 69 (27.9%) with recurrent fistula. One hundred twenty-one patients (49.0%) had complex fistula; 53 semi-horseshoe (21.5%), 41 high transsphincteric (16.6%), 24 horseshoe (9.7%), and 3 suprasphincteric (1.2%). Ligation of intersphincteric fistula tract (LIFT) was the most common operation performed (n=88, 35.6%) followed by fistulotomy (n=79, 32.0%). With a median follow-up of 23 months (interquartile range, 12–45 months), there were 18 persistent fistulas (7.3%) and 33 recurrent fistulae (13.4%)—accounting for 20.6% overall failure. All recurrence occurred within 24 months postoperatively. Complex fistula was the only significant predictor for recurrent fistula with a hazard ratio of 4.81 (95% confidence interval, 1.82–12.71). There was no significant difference in healing rates of complex fistulas among seton staged fistulotomy (85.0%), endorectal advancement flap (72.7%), and LIFT (65.9%) (P=0.239). Four patients (1.6%) experienced chronic postsurgical pain. Seventeen patients (6.9%) reported worse fecal continence.Conclusion: Overall failure for anal fistula surgery was 20.6%. Complex fistula was the only predictor for recurrent fistula. At least 2-year period of follow-up is suggested for detecting recurrent diseases and assessing patient-reported outcomes such as chronic pain and continence status.
Microwave-treated Expandable Graphite Granule for Enhancing the Bioelectricity Generation of Microbial Fuel Cells
Authors: Kim Minsoo , Song Young Eun , Li Shuwei , Kim Jung Rae
Published: June 2021

Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) convert chemical energy to electrical energy via electrochemically active microorganisms. The interactions between microbes and the surface of a carbon electrode play a vital role in capturing the respiratory electrons from bacteria. Therefore, improvements in the electrochemical and physicochemical properties of carbon materials are essential for increasing performance. In this study, a microwave and sulfuric acid treatment was used to modify the surface structure of graphite granules. The prepared expandable graphite granules (EGG) exhibited a 1.5 times higher power density than the unmodified graphite granules (1400 vs. 900 mW/m3). Scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy revealed improved physical and chemical characteristics of the EGG surface. These results suggest that physical and chemical surface modification using sulfuric acid and microwave heating improves the performance of electrode-based bioprocesses, such as MFCs.
Fabrication of a Full-Scale Pilot Model of a Cost-Effective Sodium Nickel-Iron Chloride Battery Over 40 Ah
Authors: Lee Dong-Geun , Ahn Byeong-Min , Ahn Cheol-Woo , Choi Joon-Hwan , Lee Dae-Han , Lim Sung-Ki
Published: June 2021

To fabricate a full-scale pilot model of the cost-effective Na–(Ni,Fe)Cl2 cell, a Na–beta–alumina solid electrolyte (BASE) was developed by applying a one-step synthesis cum sintering process as an alternative to the conventional solid-state reaction process. Also, Fe metal powder, which is cheaper than Ni, was mixed with Ni metal powder, and was used for cathode material to reduce the cost of raw material. As a result, we then developed a prototype Na–(Ni,Fe)Cl2 cell. Consequently, the Ni content in the Na–(Ni,Fe)Cl2 cell is decreased to approximately (20 to 50) wt.%. The #1 prototype cell (dimensions: 34 mm × 34 mm × 235 mm) showed a cell capacity of 15.9 Ah, and 160.3 mAh g−1 (per the Ni–Fe composite), while the #2 prototype cell (dimensions: 50 mm × 50 mm × 335 mm) showed a cell capacity of 49.4 Ah, and 153.2 mAh g−1 at the 2nd cycle.
Effect of SILAR Cycles on the Thickness, Structural, Optical Properties of Cobalt Selenide Thin Films
Authors: N.J Egwunyenga , V.C Onuabuchi , N.L Okoli , I.E Nwankwo
Published: June 2021

Cobalt Selenide thin films were fabricated using Successive Ionic Layer Adsorption and Reaction (SILAR) deposition technique at different SILAR cycles. The precursors for Cobalt and Selenium ions were CoCl2.6H2O and Na2SeSO3 respectively. Optical properties and thickness of the deposited films were studied to determine the effect of number of SILAR cycles on these properties. The optical absorbance of the films was found to decrease as wavelength increases and increases as SILAR cycle increases. Transmittance of the CoSe thin films was found to increase as the wavelength increases but decreases as number of SILAR cycles increased. The extinction coefficient of CoSe thin films decreases as wavelength increases but increases as the SILAR cycles increases. The energy band gap of CoSe thin films deposited decreases from 2.47 eV to 2.20 eV as number of SILAR cycles increases and film thickness increases from 92.96 nm and 225.63 nm. Structural properties of deposited cobalt selenide thin films showed that they correspond to orthorhombic phase of CoSe2 crystal structure of cobalt selenide thin films with crystallite size ranging from 7.63 nm to 13.07 nm.
Deals and development in fragile and conflict-affected states: Framework and policy guidebook
Authors: Werker Eric , Sen Kunal
Published: June 2021

This framework utilizes business interests and the distribution of political power to understand the episodic nature of economic growth in fragile and conflict-affected states. Conflict, state capacity, and legitimacy are analysed alongside the business environment and structural transformation to explain when growth episodes arise and when those growth episodes have positive, or negative, feedback on the country’s political economy and state fragility. The guidebook is designed to help advisers working with development agencies to analyse country context and design interventions with the goal of enabling positive growth episodes that reduce fragility.
DIABETES MELLITUS DENGAN HIPERTENSI MENINGKATKAN RISIKO CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE: STUDI KASUS KONTROL DI RS PANTI NIRMALA MALANG
Authors: Ariyanti Rea , Imam Cecilia Wdijati
Published: June 2021

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a global public health problem with the prevalence and incidence of increased renal failure. Approximately 1 in 10 global populations suffers from chronic renal failure at a particular stage. There are several risk factors that are suspected to increase the incidence of Chronic Kidney Disease, one of which is Diabetes Mellitus. This study aims to determine the relationship between diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease in the Panti Nirmala Hospital. Research design is case-control. The sample amounted to 286 respondents, consisting of 143 case groups and 143 control groups. Data analysis using logistic regression analysis. The results of multivariable analyses showed that there are two confounding variables in the relationship of diabetes mellitus with CKD i.e. gender and age. In addition, diabetes mellitus also interacts with hypertension. Diabetes mellitus interacts with hypertension to increase the risk of CKD (OR=15.9; 95% CI 4.4 to 57.4; p=<0.001). After controlled by gender and age, Hypertension or a history of Hypertension, respondents with Diabetes Mellitus were 15.9 times more likely to have Chronic Kidney Disease than non-Diabetes Mellitus respondents.
FORMULASI WHOLE BANANA (Musa paradisiaca l. L.) BISKUIT TINGGI SERAT BERPOTENSI MENCEGAH PENYAKIT DEGENERATIF PADA LANSIA
Authors: Septiani Septiani , Srimiati Mia
Published: June 2021

This research aims to analyze the effect of the substitution of the whole banana (Musa paradisiaca l.) High-fiber biscuits to prevent degenerative diseases in the elderly. This experimental research design uses a Completely randomized design (CRD) with one control formula and four substitution levels including F0 (100% wheat flour), F1 (50% wheat flour and 50% kepok banana peel flour), F2 (45% wheat flour and 55 % kepok banana peel flour), F3 (40% flour and 60% banana peel flour) and F4 (35% flour and 65% of banana peel flour). .The results of the proximate analysis of selected whole banana (musa paradisiaca l.) biscuits contain 16.64% fiber, 63.18% carbohydrate, 21.58% fat, 5.64% protein, 469.50 kcal / 100g energy, 6.49% water, and 3.11% ash. This research concludes that the control formula biscuits is significant different from the selected whole banana (musa paradisiaca l.) biscuits formula (p <0.05) in in each analysis (water, ash, fat, protein, carbohydrate, and fiber).
STRATEGI PENGAWASAN KANTOR IMIGRASI KELAS II TPI TANJUNG BALAI KARIMUN TERHADAP KEDATANGAN DAN KEBERANGKATAN WARGA NEGARA ASING DI PELABUHAN INTERNASIONAL TANJUNG BALAI KARIMUN
Authors: Ritonga Melisa Surya Ningsih , Mardalena Tri , Rachman Arief
Published: June 2021

This research begins with an increase in foreign traffic, including in Indonesia, so that it gives a positive impact on the development of the territory of Indonesia. In addition, the entry and exit of foreign citizens also have an adverse impact on national security and defense. Seeing the large number of Foreign Citizens entering and exiting through the immigration center (TPI) of Tanjung Balai Karimun international port, it is necessary to monitor the traffic of the Foreign Citizens. This research intend to know any supervision strategy and how the implementation of supervision strategy that did by class II imigration office TPI tanjung balai karimun against the arrival and  Foreign's departure in tanjung balai karimun international port . This research was implemented  at the Tanjung Balai Karimun International  Immigration Center. This research is descriptive by the qualitative approach. Research data is collected through the  observation, the interview , and the documentation. After that the data will be analyzed using inductive analysis and  tested its validity using the triangulation. According to the data analysis that have done by the supervision strategy and carried out by immigration officers at the Tanjung Balai International Immigration Center (TPI), Tanjung Balai Karimun, was doing the careful inspection and tightening the  supervision by the operational standard and the legislation.   This case shows supervision that did by the immigration officer is corresponding to the operational standard and the applicable law.
Imago Mundi: 50 imágenes para entender la comunicación en el siglo XX. Bloque II.
Authors: Martínez García María Ángeles , Ramírez Alvarado María del Mar , Casas Delgado María Inmaculada , Durán Manso Valeriano , Elías Zambrano Rodrigo , García Gordillo María del Mar , Guarinos Galán Virginia , Pérez Gómez Miguel Ángel
Published: June 2021

Imago Mundi ofrece un recorrido por la historia de la comunicación visual del siglo XX a través de imágenes significativas que dan cuenta de la cultura y del pensamiento del momento en el que fueron producidas. Sus coordinadoras y los autores que han colaborado en análisis de las imágenes que componen la obra son profesores de la Facultad de Comunicación de la Universidad de Sevilla. Por tanto, la selección de las mismas proviene de especialistas en áreas como el Periodismo, la Publicidad, las Relaciones Públicas y la Comunicación Audiovisual (cómic, fotografía, cine, televisión, Internet y nuevas tecnologías, fundamentalmente).
The Impact of Psychological Capital and Psychological Empowerment on Employee's Affective Commitment to Change
Authors: Mufidah Muthmainah , Mangundjaya Wustari L.
Published: June 2021

Objective - Organizations nowadays have to change and adjust themselves with the changing external environment in order to survive in the globalization era. This change requires a high affective commitment to change from its employees. The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of psychological capital and psychological empowerment on employee's affective commitment to change. Methodology/Technique - Respondents were 242 employees of Indonesian financial institutions which have undergone organizational changes. Data collection tools were Commitment to Change Inventory, Psychological Empowerment, and Psychological Capital, and was analysed using regression analysis. Findings - Findings indicated that a positive and significant impact of psychological capital and psychological empowerment on affective commitment to change. This study also found that psychological capital has a more significant influence on affective commitment to change than psychological empowerment. Research limitations/implications - The implications of the study can be used for managing change better, such as developing confidence in people by developing both psychological empowerment and psychological capital. Originality/value - Results are essential for managing change better, such as developing confidence in people by promoting both psychological empowerment and psychological capital. Type of Paper - Empirical Keywords: Affective Commitment to Change; Psychological Capital; Psychological Empowerment; Organizational Change; Financial Institutions. JEL Classification: G23.
Telecommunication Sector Reform in Southeast Asia: A New Rationality
Authors: Hendrawan Riko , Nugroho Kristian W.A.
Published: June 2021

Objective - The telecommunications industry in Southeast Asia continues to grow, as evidenced by the market penetration that continues to increase from 3.8% in 2000 to 71.1% in 2017. However, although the number of subscribers and revenue from telecommunication operators continued to grow between 2008 to 2017, the data shows that the EBITDA margin and ARPU value decrease with the growth rate (CAGR) -1.12% and -4.42%. Methodology/Technique - This study measures and analyzes the efficiency of 14 operators in Southeast Asia between 2008 to 2017 by using the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method. Findings - The results show that of the 14 telecom operators examined, Telkomsel (Indonesia) was the most efficient operator with an efficiency value of 0.97 and contributed from subscriber and revenue output variables which far exceeded the average of other operators. The most efficient telecommunication companies thereafter were StarHub (Singapore) and SingTel (Singapore) with an efficiency rating of 0.96 and 0.95 as represented from ARPU output variables that far exceeded the average of other operators. Novelty - True Move operators became the telecommunication companies with the lowest efficiency because the value of its output variables (subscribers, revenue and ARPU) was far below average and did not show any positive correlation to its efficiency value. Type of Paper - Empirical. Keywords: Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA); Efficiency; Telecommunication Industry; Southeast Asia. JEL Classification: M1, M10, M19.
معاني القسم في الجزء الثلاثين من القرآن الكريم (دراسة تحليلية عن فؤائـــــد نحوية وبلاغية)
Authors: Luhfi Amrul
Published: June 2021

ملخص

هذا البحث يصـوّر لنا معاني القسم في الجزء الثلاثين من القرآن الكريم. وصاحب الرسالة و البحث كان يريد من رسالته تحليل الآيات التي تشتمل على القسم و هي الجزء الثلاثين من خلال الدراسة النحوية و البلاغية. و كان من أهداف اختيار الباحث لهذا الموضوع هو تحصيل القدرة على فهم الأساليب النحوية و البلاغية التي احتواها القسم. و الباحث يرى أن هذا موضوع القسم من أهمّ الموضوعات التي لا يسع الجهل بها كلّ من أراد فهم القرآن حقّ الفهم. و عنوان هذا البحث هو معاني القسم في الجزء الثلاثين من القرآن الكريم ( دراسة تحليلية في فوائد نحوية و بلاغية ). و موضوع البحث القسم في الجزء الثلاثين من القرآن الكريم و هو يبلغ عدده خمسمائة و أربع و ستين قسمًا. و هذا البحث العلميّ يعتمد على المراجع الأساسية و المصادر الثانوية التي تتعلّق بالموضوع. والطريقة التي استخدمها الباحث هي البحث واستخدم الجداول. و بعد أن تمّ البحث ، رأى الباحث أن الثمان و الثلاثين من الآيات القرآنية في الجزء الثلاثين من القرآن الكريم تحتوي على معاني القسم. والثلاثة و العشرون من تلك الآيات تحتوى معنى التعجّب ، و اثني عشر منها تشتمل على معنى التوكيد، و بقيّة الآيات تحتوى على معنى التعظيم .
Rancang Bangun Game Edukasi Perhitungan Dasar Matematika Sekolah Dasar Kelas 3, 4 Dan 5 Mengunakan Construct 2
Authors: Gunawan Rahmat , Prastyawan Tomi Hendri , Wahyudin Yudin
Published: June 2021

Game telah menjadi sebuah sarana hiburan berbasis multimedia yang paling banyak diminati masyarakat terutama kalangan anak yang berusia muda saat ini. Inilah faktor yang mendorong banyak pengembang game berinovasi dengan produk-produk game yang memberikan impact positif bagi para peminatnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan kontribusi dalam dunia game, khususnya game yang bersifat edukatif bagi anak yang sekolah pada sekolah dasar. Sisi edukatif dalam game ini berupa pembelajaran quiz mata pelajaran matematika yang simple dan menarik. Dalam game ini pemain dapat menikmati permainan animasi 2D yang berbasiskan platform android yang sekaligus menambah pengetahuan dan pembelajaran berhitung dengan menjawab soal-soal pertanyaan yang ada dalam permainan game edukasi tersebut. Skor akan didapatkan berdasarkan jumlah jawaban yang benar. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini diantaranya adalah metode pengumpulan data dan informasi yaitu dengan membaca, mencatat, mempelajari buku-buku literatur, melakukan searching literatur menggunakan internet browser serta sumber data lainnya yang berhubungan dengan masalah yang diteliti, dan metode pengembangan system menggunakan Game Development Life Cycle (GDLC) adalah pedoman yang mengatur jalannya proses membuat game. Hasil yang dicapai dari penelitian ini adalah terselesaikanya pembuatan aplikasi game edukasi perhitungan dasar matematika sekolah dasar kelas 3, 4 dan 5 mengunakan construct 2. Game edukasi perhitungan dasar matematika sekolah dasar berbasis android ini diharapkan dapat memberikan pengalaman baru dalam dunia pembelajaran dan diharapkan mampu mencapai standar kompetensi siswa sekolah dasar dan meningkatkan minat anak sekolah dasar untuk belajar matematika khususnya belajar berhitung.
Unified Models for Coupled Inductors Applied to Multiphase PWM Converters
Authors: Chen Minjie , Sullivan Charles R.
Published: June 2021

Circuit models for multiphase coupled inductors are summarized, compared, and unified. Multiwinding magnetic structures are classified into parallel-coupled structures and series-coupled structures. For parallel-coupled structures used for multiphase inductors, the relationships between a) inductance-matrix models, b) extended cantilever models, c) magnetic-circuit models, d) multiwinding transformer models, e) gyrator-capacitor models, and f) inductance-dual models are examined and discussed. These models represent identical physical relationships in the multiphase coupled inductors, but emphasize different physical aspects and offer distinct design insights. The circuit duality between the series-coupled structure and the parallel-coupled structure is explored. Design equations for interleaved multiphase buck converters based on these models are streamlined and summarized, and a simplified equation showing the relationships between current ripple with and without coupling is presented. The models and design equations are verified through theoretical derivation, SPICE simulation, and experimental measurements.
Towards Federated Learning-Enabled Visible Light Communication in 6G Systems
Authors: Naser Shimaa , Bariah Lina , muhaidat sami , Al-Qutayri Mahmoud , Damiani Ernesto , Sofotasios Paschalis C.
Published: June 2021

Visible light communication is envisaged as a promising enabling technology for sixth generation (6G) and beyond networks. It was introduced as a key enabler for reliable massive-scale connectivity, mainly thanks to its simple and low-cost implementation which require minor variations to the existing indoor lighting systems. The key features of VLC allow offloading data traffic from the current congested radio frequency (RF) spectrum in order to achieve effective short-range, high speed, and green communications. However, several challenges prevent the realization of the full potentials of VLC, namely the limited modulation bandwidth of light emitting diodes, the interference resulted from ambient light, the effects of optical diffuse reflection, the non-linearity of devices, and the random receiver orientation. Meanwhile, centralized machine learning (ML) techniques have exhibited great potentials in handling different challenges in communication systems. Specifically, it has been recently shown that ML algorithms exhibit superior capabilities in handling complicated network tasks, such as channel equalization, estimation and modeling, resources allocation, opportunistic spectrum access control, non-linearity compensation, performance monitoring, detection, decoding/encoding, and network optimization. Nevertheless, concerns relating to privacy and communication overhead when sharing raw data of the involved clients with a server constitute major bottlenecks in large-scale implementation of centralized ML techniques. This has motivated the emergence of a new distributed ML paradigm, namely federated learning (FL). This method can reduce the cost associated with transferring the raw data, and preserve clients privacy by training ML model locally and collaboratively at the clients side. Thus, the integration of FL in VLC networks can provide ubiquitous and reliable implementation of VLC systems. Based on this, for the first time in the open literature, we provide an overview about VLC technology and FL. Then, we introduce FL and its integration in VLC networks and provide an overview on the main design aspects. Finally, we highlight some interesting future research directions of FL that are envisioned to boost the performance of VLC systems.
Soft Biomimetic Optical Tactile Sensing with the TacTip: A Review
Authors: Lepora Nathan
Published: June 2021

Reproducing the capabilities of the human sense of touch in machines is an important step in enabling robot manipulation to have the ease of human dexterity. A combination of robotic technologies will be needed, including soft robotics, biomimetics and the high-resolution sensing offered by optical tactile sensors. This combination is considered here as a SoftBOT (Soft Biomimetic Optical Tactile) sensor. This article reviews the BRL TacTip as a prototypical example of such a sensor. Topics include the relation between artificial skin morphology and the transduction principles of human touch, the nature and benefits of tactile shear sensing, 3D printing for fabrication and integration into robot hands, the application of AI to tactile perception and control, and the recent step-change in capabilities due to deep learning. This review consolidates those advances from the past decade to indicate a path for robots to reach human-like dexterity.
Construire un comté: Sinopoli (1330-1335)
Authors: Pollastri Sylvie
Published: June 2021

Charles I of Anjou restored the counties according to the Norman system; his successors im- proved them and let them become a space of local power inside the the Royal districts, the gi- ustizierati. At the same time some aristocratic families consolidated themselves, like the Ruffo of Calabria, lords of Sinopoli, who obtained the comital title in 1334. The paper analyses two important records: the cartulario 1 and the cartulario 17, integrating them with all the availa- ble documents. The cartulario 17 contains platea dating from 1335, which includes one or two older texts written in Greek and translated into Latin. It is at the same time an inventory and a municipal statute. The cartulario 17 is the main source for studying the creation, composition and ruling of the county of Sinopoli, not to mention the various world of the subjects to the lords, according to their status (vassallus) or their possessions as freemen (burgenses). We have also suffeudatarii and other people depending on the baron, like the raccomandati.
Il signore va alla Camera. I relevi dell’archivio della Regia Camera della Sommaria
Authors: d'Arcangelo Potito
Published: June 2021

The essay offers an analysis of the largest concentration of records concerning the feudal lord- ship in the Kingdom of Naples from the 15th to the 17th century, the serie Relevi, kept at the Ar- chivio di Stato of Naples. The Relevi were the core of the enormous mass of records hold by the Archives of the Camera della Sommaria in Naples. These files must be considered as a whole: by tracing the creation, the evolution and the integration of the archives of the most important fiscal and financial court of the reign, the paper points out the crucial links between archivistic order, government of the state and seigneural power in the Aragonese and Spanish era.
Review of Suppes 1957 Proposals For Division by Zero
Authors: Anderson James , Bergstra Jan
Published: June 2021

We review the exposition of division by zero and the definition of total arithmetical functions in ``Introduction to Logic" by Patrick Suppes, 1957, and provide a hyperlink to the archived text. This book is a pedagogical introduction to first-order predicate calculus with logical, mathematical, physical and philosophical examples, some presented in exercises. It is notable for (i) presenting division by zero as a problem worthy of contemplation, (ii) considering five totalisations of real arithmetic, and (iii) making the observation that each of these solutions to ``the problem of division by zero" has both advantages and disadvantages -- none of the proposals being fully satisfactory.

We classify totalisations by the number of non-real symbols they introduce, called their Extension Type. We compare Suppes' proposals for division by zero to more recent proposals. We find that all totalisations of Extension Type 0 are arbitrary, hence all non-arbitrary totalisations are of Extension Type at least 1. Totalisations of the differential and integral calculus have Extension Type at least 2. In particular, Meadows have Extension Type 1, Wheels have Extension Type 2, and Transreal numbers have Extension Type 3.

It appears that Suppes was the modern originator of the idea that all real numbers divided by zero are equal to zero. This has Extension Type 0 and is, therefore, arbitrary.
ОСНОВНОЕ НОВООБРАЗОВАНИЕ ПОДРОСТКОВОГО ВОЗРАСТА «Я-КОНЦЕПЦИЯ»
Authors: Шарипова Т.У. , Эхаева Р.М.
Published: June 2021

В данной работе рассматриваются теоретические аспекты проблемы психолого-педагогического оптимизма, анализируются факторы, способствующие его возникновению. Также в работе представлены результаты эмпирических исследований влияния социальной среды на развитие «Я-концепция» как основного новообразования подросткового возраста. Авторы приводят и анализируют особенности формирования самосознания в подростковом возрасте, рассматривает механизмы выработки системы самооценивания, основ осознания и понимания своей значимости и особенности. Рассматривая основные составляющие «Я-концепции», авторы акцентируют внимание на важности и неповторимости именно подросткового возраста как сензитивного периода для становления и развития этого новообразования. Также большое внимание в статье уделено самооценке. Интерпретация результатов проведенной диагностики свидетельствует о том, что для полноценного формирования позитивной «Я-концепции» у подростков необходима специальная организация педагогической деятельности. Предположительно, данная деятельность должна включать мероприятия, обеспечивающие оптимизацию показателей самооценки личности.
ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ ОРФОГРАФИЧЕСКОЙ ЗОРКОСТИ НА УРОКАХ РУССКОГО ЯЗЫКА
Authors: Дикаева Р.М. , Абдулазимова Т.Х.
Published: June 2021

В статье изучен процесс формирования орфографической зоркости на уроках русского языка в школе. Выявлено, что наиболее распространенной причиной низкой орфографической грамотности учащихся является отсутствие сформированных орфографических умений. Рассмотрены приемы формирования орфографической зоркости, способствующие развитию логического мышления, умения вызвать интерес обучающихся к орфографии. Развитию орфографической зоркости способствует выборочный орфографический разбор по тому или иному виду орфограмм, а на этапе повторения – всех орфограмм, встречающихся в тексте, с одновременной их группировкой: выборка слов и словосочетаний с орфограммами предполагает выписывание их по группам, по видам орфограмм. Работая с подобными упражнениями, обучающиеся видят родственные связи слов, прослеживают взаимосвязь происхождения слова с его правописанием, тем самым закрепляются знания о написании слов с непроверяемыми орфограммами.
Squarefree Powers of Edge Ideals of Forests
Authors: Erey Nursel , Hibi Takayuki
Published: June 2021

Let $I(G)^{[k]}$ denote the $k$th squarefree power of the edge ideal of $G$. When $G$ is a forest, we provide a sharp upper bound for the regularity of $I(G)^{[k]}$ in terms of the $k$-admissable matching number of $G$. For any positive integer $k$, we classify all forests $G$ such that $I(G)^{[k]}$ has linear resolution. We also give a combinatorial formula for the regularity of $I(G)^{[2]}$ for any forest $G$.
Majority Colorings of Sparse Digraphs
Authors: Anastos Michael , Lamaison Ander , Steiner Raphael , Szabó Tibor
Published: June 2021

A majority coloring of a directed graph is a vertex-coloring in which every vertex has the same color as at most half of its out-neighbors. Kreutzer, Oum, Seymour, van der Zypen and Wood proved that every digraph has a majority $4$-coloring and conjectured that every digraph admits a majority $3$-coloring. They observed that the Local Lemma implies the conjecture for digraphs of large enough minimum out-degree if, crucially, the maximum in-degree is bounded by a(n exponential) function of the minimum out-degree.

Our goal in this paper is to develop alternative methods that allow the verification of the conjecture for natural, broad digraph classes, without any restriction on the in-degrees. Among others, we prove the conjecture 1) for digraphs with chromatic number at most $6$ or dichromatic number at most $3$, and thus for all planar digraphs; and 2) for digraphs with maximum out-degree at most $4$. The benchmark case of $r$-regular digraphs remains open for $r \in [5,143]$.

Our inductive proofs depend on loaded inductive statements about precoloring extensions of list-colorings. This approach also gives rise to stronger conclusions, involving the choosability version of majority coloring.

We also give further evidence towards the existence of majority-$3$-colorings by showing that every digraph has a fractional majority 3.9602-coloring. Moreover we show that every digraph with large enough minimum out-degree has a fractional majority $(2+\varepsilon)$-coloring.
Addressing the Healthcare Needs of African Men who have Sex with Men: Barriers to Healthcare and Promoting HIV and STI Treatment in Sub-Saharan Africa.
Authors: Ross Michael W , Kashiha John , Misedah Lourence , Mgopa Lucy R , Larsson Markus , Agardh Anette , Venkitachalam Krishna Kumar
Published: June 2021

Barriers to healthcare for men who have sex with men (MSM) in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) are rooted in stigma and discrimination against MSM fuelled by the criminalization of homosexuality. These barriers are influenced by factors involving MSM and the healthcare workers (HCWs). MSM are uncomfortable disclosing their identities and conceal symptoms of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), especially those in areas associated with homosexual behaviour to avoid stigmatization. MSM experience ill-treatment and abuse by HCWs and have concerns regarding HCWs maintaining confidentiality and privacy. This forces MSM to seek care from pharmacies/drugstores or resort to self-treatment, which may not be effective. This, coupled with increased HIV- and STI-risk behaviours resulting from depression and internalized homophobia, result in further spread of STIs. Further, barriers in HIV testing lead to exclusion of MSM from treatment cascades. Insufficient sexuality training of HCWs leads to discrimination or denial of treatment for MSM, particularly in government-run clinics. The criminalization of homosexuality deters HCWs from offering treatment to MSM. The prevailing discriminatory environment that accompanies the criminalization of homosexuality forces HCWs to don the role of moral and legal enforcers, making them the perpetrators of forced anal examinations that continue to be prevalent in SSA. Nevertheless, there is evidence to show HCWs in SSA recognize their lack of training in sexuality and have welcomed educational opportunities to better understand the healthcare needs of MSM. Pilot educational interventions for HCWs in SSA have been received enthusiastically, and have resulted in significant changes in HCW knowledge and attitudes and dealing with MSMs with STIs. This work reviews existing literature on barriers to STI-related healthcare for MSM in SSA. By drawing parallels to barriers that were overcome in the HIV epidemic in the 1980s, suitable solutions focusing on HCW education are suggested.