bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Immediate and Prolonged Effects of Breathing Exercises on Pain, Quality of Life & Functional Disability in Patient of Upper Cross Syndrome: A Randomized controlled trial
Authors: Liaqat Mahnoor , Atif Malik Muhammad , Nawaz Muhammad Imran , Amna  , Iqbal Tehreem , Kazmi Syeda Khadija
Published: March 2024

Background: The advent of smartphone technology and its increased use, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic, has led to a rise in musculoskeletal disorders, including upper cross syndrome. This condition, characterized by muscle imbalances around the cervical spine and shoulder girdle, results in pain, functional disability, and decreased quality of life. Breathing exercises have been suggested as a therapeutic intervention to address these issues, yet empirical evidence on their effectiveness remains sparse.
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the immediate and prolonged effects of breathing exercises on pain, functional disability, and quality of life in patients with upper cross syndrome, filling a gap in the literature regarding non-pharmacological interventions for this condition.
Methods: Conducted as a single-blinded randomized controlled trial at Jinnah Memorial Trust Hospital, Gujranwala, Pakistan, this study involved 76 participants with upper cross syndrome, randomized into control (standard physical therapy) and experimental (standard physical therapy plus breathing exercises) groups. Pain was assessed using the Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS), functional disability with the Neck Disability Index (NDI), and quality of life through the SF-36 questionnaire. Assessments were made at baseline, after the first session, and after four weeks. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 25, employing the Mann-Whitney U Test for between-group comparisons and the Paired Sample T-test for within-group analyses.
Results: The experimental group demonstrated significantly superior improvement compared to the control group in NPRS scores after the first session (p<0.001) and after four weeks (p<0.001), NDI scores (p<0.001 at both intervals), and all eight domains of the SF-36 (p<0.05 for each domain after four weeks), indicating that breathing exercises significantly reduce pain and functional disability while enhancing quality of life.
Conclusion: Breathing exercises are a safe and effective adjunct to standard physical therapy for patients with upper cross syndrome, significantly improving pain management, functional disability, and quality of life. This study underscores the potential of integrating breathing exercises into rehabilitation programs for musculoskeletal disorders related to excessive technology use.
Prevalence of Poor Body Posture among Physiotherapists Using APECS
Authors: Irfan Umama , Asif Sheza , Mumtaz Marwa , Jamal Sidra , Khalid Faiza , Fatima Kanwal , Nawaz Iram , Sheikh Naseebullah , Rafique Hira , Aslam Intsam
Published: March 2024

Background: Poor posture among healthcare professionals, particularly physiotherapists, can adversely affect their ability to provide care and may lead to musculoskeletal disorders. Despite the physical demands of their profession, there is a lack of routine posture assessment and preventative measures to mitigate these risks.
Objective: This study aims to evaluate the prevalence of poor body posture among physiotherapists and to determine the efficacy of the APECS-AI Posture Evaluation and Correction System® (Apecs) mobile application as a tool for posture assessment.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted over four months, with 309 clinical physiotherapists from various healthcare institutions in Lahore. Using a non-probability convenient sampling technique, participants were assessed with the APECS app for deviations in the frontal and sagittal planes. The app, serving as a cost-effective alternative to 3D-marker-based systems, was used to categorize postural deviations as normal, mild, or severe disturbances. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 26.0.
Results: The findings revealed that 56% of the participants suffered from severe postural disturbances, while 32% had mild disturbances, and only 12% maintained a normal posture. The mean age was 26.17±2.21 years, with a distribution leaning towards novice practitioners, indicating a need for early intervention in posture management.
Conclusion: The high prevalence of poor posture among physiotherapists highlights an occupational health concern. The study supports the use of the APECS mobile app as an accessible and reliable tool for posture assessment, which could lead to improved clinical practices and better healthcare outcomes.
Prevalence of Hepatitis B and C Infection and its Associated Risk factors in Pregnant Women Visiting Hospitals of Southern Punjab
Authors: Ali Huzafa , Abbas Husnain , Yar Hafiz Muhammad
Published: March 2024

Background: Hepatitis B and C infections remain formidable challenges to global health, with significant morbidity and mortality rates, especially among pregnant women. These infections pose substantial risks not only to the infected individuals but also to their unborn children, due to the potential for vertical transmission. In Pakistan, particularly in the Southern Punjab region, the prevalence and impact of these infections demand rigorous investigation to inform public health strategies.
Objective: This study aimed to assess the prevalence of Hepatitis B and C infections among pregnant women visiting selected hospitals in Southern Punjab, Pakistan, and to identify associated risk factors, thereby contributing to the formulation of targeted intervention strategies.
Methods: Employing an analytical cross-sectional design, this study involved 422 pregnant women from the outpatient departments of Gynecology at Nishtar Hospital, Shahbaz Sharif Hospital in Multan, and Bismillah Medical Complex in Kahror Pacca, between December 1, 2023, and March 5, 2024. Participants were selected using a convenience sampling technique. Data on demographic characteristics and potential risk factors were collected through a structured questionnaire. Hepatitis B and C seropositivity was determined through specific serological tests. The analysis was performed using SPSS version 25, focusing on the prevalence rates and the identification of major and minor risk factors for the transmission of Hepatitis B and C.
Results: The study found an 8.3% prevalence rate for Anti-HCV and a 5.2% prevalence rate for HBsAg among the participants. Notable risk factors included ear or nose piercings, history of blood transfusions, and previous cesarean sections. Socio-demographic analysis revealed higher rates of infection among participants with lower educational levels, those residing in rural areas, and among certain age groups and parity statuses.
Conclusion: The observed prevalence rates of Hepatitis B and C infections among pregnant women in Southern Punjab highlight the critical need for enhanced screening programs, targeted vaccination initiatives, and comprehensive education campaigns to mitigate the risk of vertical transmission and reduce the burden of these infections.
Unraveling the Complexity of Interferon Regulatory Factor 8: Insights into Structure, Function, and Therapeutic Potential
Authors: Shan Fazal , Khan Hassan , Ali Hamza , Ullah Khalil , Rasheed Muhammad Ibrahim
Published: March 2024

Background: Interferon Regulatory Factor 8 (IRF8) is a transcription factor integral to the immune system, orchestrating various aspects of immune response regulation. Previous studies have established IRF8’s role in myeloid cell differentiation and have linked it to several immune disorders. However, the full scope of its genetic variability, functional domains, and interaction networks remained insufficiently characterized.
Objective: This study aimed to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the IRF8 gene and protein to explore its structure, function, regulatory mechanisms, and potential as a therapeutic target.
Methods: We utilized a combination of bioinformatics tools to map the genomic location of IRF8, predict its protein structure, and identify functional domains. Gene and protein expressions were profiled using public databases, and post-translational modifications were predicted through specialized software. Protein-protein interaction networks were examined using the STRING database, and potential drug-binding pockets were identified via the DoGSite scorer. Splice variants and polymorphisms were assessed for clinical significance, and subcellular localization was predicted using several computational tools.
Results: The IRF8 gene was confirmed to encode a protein of 426 amino acids, with no methylation sites predicted. Its expression was notably higher in lymphoid tissues, and it exhibited extensive nuclear localization. We identified 11 splice variants and 11,168 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), with varying implications for pathogenicity. The protein interactome analysis revealed a central role in immune signaling pathways. Moreover, several high-affinity drug-binding pockets were identified, suggesting IRF8 as a promising therapeutic target.
Conclusion: The study provided detailed insights into the IRF8 gene and protein, suggesting significant regulatory complexity and highlighting its potential in disease pathogenesis and therapy. Our findings support the role of IRF8 as a pivotal element in immune response and offer a foundation for the development of novel therapeutic approaches.
Associations between Mental Health, Academic Performance, and Sleep Quality in Physical Therapy Students: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Altaf Shafaq , Malmir Kazem , Mir Seyed Mohsen , Olyaei Gholam Raza , Omar Aadil , Syed Jaweria
Published: March 2024

Background: Sleep quality significantly impacts both mental and physical health and is a critical factor in academic performance among young adults. Emerging evidence suggests a complex interaction between sleep patterns, mental health status, and educational outcomes in this demographic.
Objective: This study aimed to investigate the correlations between sleep disturbance, academic performance, and mental health within a population of young adults.
Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted with 236 participants from the Doctor of Physical Therapy program at Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University, Islamabad, during the Spring semester of 2019. Data were collected via the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ), and the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS), with academic performance measured by GPA. Statistical analysis was performed using Pearson's correlation coefficient in SPSS version 25.
Results: A significant negative correlation was found between depression and GPA (r = -0.139; p = 0.033*), while stress and academic performance showed a positive but non-significant correlation. Sleep quality correlated positively with both depression (r = 0.183; p = 0.005**) and anxiety (r = 0.147; p = 0.024*). However, no significant correlation was found between sleep patterns and any of the mental health variables.
Conclusion: The findings demonstrate a clear negative impact of depression on academic achievement in young adults and suggest that poor sleep quality may be associated with higher levels of depression and anxiety. These results emphasize the importance of addressing sleep and mental health issues to improve academic outcomes.
Leadership in the context of social activity and activism: perspectives from higher education students
Authors:   Borys Grinchenko Kyiv Metropolitan University, Ukraine, Kotelevets Anastasiia , Vyzhva Mariia ,   Mykhailo Drahomanov Ukrainian State University, Ukraine
Published: March 2024

The article provides an overview of leadership within higher education and highlights the significance of understanding students’ perceptions of leadership within educational contexts. It studies different views on leadership and social activity, emphasizing the diversity of interpretations and the influence of factors such as cultural backgrounds and personal experiences on students’ perception of the concept. In the article it is explored similarities and differences in defining leadership and social activity with the use of a comparative analysis. The relationship between these concepts is described, highlighting the role of social activism as a sign of leadership skills. It is important that the results of a survey conducted among higher education institution students are provided. The analysis suggests that students believe that helping others is both a sign for social activity and activism as well as one of the main outcomes of leadership activity. Moreover, organizing different events and engaging others is believed to be a component of leadership. Future research directions are presented in the article, including the development of training programs to enhance social activity and leadership among young people.
Struktur Epistemologi Tafsir al-Tibyan fi Tafsir Ayat al-Ahkam Karya Achmad Nasrullah Abdurrochim Tambakberas, Jombang
Authors: Robiansyah Khoirur Rifqi
Published: March 2024

Kitab al-Tibyan fi Tafsir Ayat al-Ahkam min al-Qur'an karangan K.H. Achmad Nasrullah Abdurrochim menambah khazanah kitab tafsir ahkam karya ulama Nusantara yang keberadaannya masih minim. Kitab ini ditulis ketika Nasrullah banyak menemui kasus saat menjadi hakim di pengadilan negeri Jombang. Selain itu, ia juga menjadi kiyai yang aktif mengasuh pesantren di Tambakberas Jombang. Hal ini menjadi menarik untuk diteliti bahwa kitab tafsir yang diproduksi dengan mengombinasikan dua latar belakang yakni kiyai pesantren dan praktisi hukum di pengadilan agama apakah menghasilkan corak tafsir ahkam yang lebih kontekstual dan memberi jawaban terhadap problem-problem sosial keagamaan yang dihadapi secara praktis di masyarakat. Epistimologi penafsiran menjadi kajian pokok dalam artikel ini untuk mengetahui bagaimana sumber, metode, pendekatan, prosedur dan validitas penafsirannya. Adapun metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif analisis dengan menggunakan kitab al-Tibyan fi Tafsir Ayat al-Ahkam min al-Qur'an sebagai sumber primer. Sedangkan untuk menguji validitasnya menggunakan teori koherensi, korespondensi dan pragmatisme. Akhirnya, artikel ini menunjukan bahwa Nasrulloh dalam penafsirannya lebih memilih sumber riwayat dari pada pendapatnya sendiri. Metode yang ia gunakan adalah maudhu'i yang dominan membahas tema pernikahan. Prosedur penafsiranya mula-mula ia menjelaskan kosa kata ayat, lalu asbabul nuzulnya, selanjutnya ia tafsirkan ayat dengan model tanya jawab, kemudian diakhiri kesimpulan. Adapun validitasnya, semua aspek teori validitas teraplikasikan dalam penafsirannya.
A Phenomenological Study of Toxic Relationships in Interpersonal Communication in Generation Z Women in West Bogor City
Authors: Pebriani Deasti Lisna
Published: March 2024

Communication will be effective if each other gives the desired feedback. Toxic relationships in interpersonal communication in adolescents cannot be said to have chosen healthier relationships because they or teenagers still like to feel each other. Interpersonal communication that is forged by adolescents in their peer environment can actually strengthen the development of a teenager's identity. This study aims to analyze the phenomenon of toxic relationships in interpersonal communication in women of generation Z and to determine the impact of toxic relationships experienced by women of generation Z. This research uses a qualitative descriptive method that is as it is and is carried out through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation with reliable data sources. derived from data and secondary. Researchers use the theory of Interpersonal Communication Effectiveness which is divided into five parts, namely Openness, Empathy, Support, Positiveness, and Equality. The results of this study indicate that the phenomena and impacts of toxic relationships on generation Z women are physical impacts, economic impacts, social impacts, and also psychological impacts. Other findings from this study indicate that toxic relationship couples prefer to survive in arguments because they already love each other, are already close to each other, have a fear of losing and are afraid of not being accepted by others because they have had sexual relations with their partners.Keywords: interpersonal communication, woman, toxic relationship
Building a sustainable pop-up coffee shop; case study of rehat coffee
Authors: Maspul Kurniawan Arif
Published: March 2024

Begin a riveting trip through the revolutionary leaps of Rehat Coffee, a dynamic pop-up coffee shop located in Banjarmasin, Indonesia. Rehat Coffee is pioneering a vibrant modern economic community by seamlessly combining features of the low-cost entrepreneurship, sustainability, and cultural heritage. Rehat Coffee expertly integrates global coffee trends and local preferences through thorough market research, smart collaborations, and environmentally conscientious procedures. This qualitative report thoroughly explores Rehat Coffee's strategic prowess and revolutionary impact on the econoociety, and environment. It'll be interesting to delve into Rehat Coffee's historical narrative, sustainability efforts, and community engagement to discover the tremendous potential of transforming the coffee landscape while encouraging long-term community development. The study sheds the spotlight on the consequences of Rehat Coffee's creative strategy for future entrepreneurs trying to balance profitability and sustainability, thereby motivating a new wave of socially responsible bmy, susiness practices.
Factors affecting the work performance of civil servants in the Department of Social Services in West Sumatra
Authors: Akmal Akmal
Published: March 2024

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Resilience in terror and disaster medicine through consolidation of institutional memory - National Hospital Sri Lanka Easter Sunday 2019 experience
Authors: Abayajeewa Kirthi , Ratnayake  Amila
Published: March 2024

Suicide bombing generates a significantly larger number of casualties per attack than other uses of force by terrorist groups. Acts of terrorism are evolving and becoming more complex. Health emergency trauma care systems should advance and be resilient to withstand shocks of terror mass casualty event while catering routine community care. Easter Sunday emergency and trauma care response at the Accident Services National Hospital Sri Lanka accrued invaluable lessons to be learned and shared with global emergency care fraternity.
Pengenalan Eksperimen Sederhana dalam Pembelajaran untuk Meningkatkan Minat Belajar Siswa Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 2 Kabupaten Lombok Tengah
Authors: Meiliyadi Lalu Ahmad Didik , Rima Buana Prahastiwi  , Arizona Kurniawan , Muhammad Zainur Rahman
Published: March 2024

Community service has been carried out in the form of introducing simple experiments in learning which is expected to increase students' interest in learning physics. The method used in this introduction activity is direct experimentation. The experiments given are related to pressure and optics. In general, the service activities are carried out in 4 stages, namely preparation, socialisation, implementation and evaluation and reflection. The service activities have been carried out well. Based on the activity evaluation questionnaire, it shows that most students are satisfied and enthusiastic in carrying out experiments. However, the highlight is the time aspect. This is because students feel that the time given in discussing each material is not enough. In general, based on the questionnaire students feel motivated in learning through experiments followed by theoretical learning.
Troll Culture in Bangladesh: A Study on social media
Authors: Anwar Bushra
Published: March 2024

Bangladesh's rapid proliferation of online communication platforms has given rise to a pervasive and impactful phenomenon, troll culture.This paper is written on the characteristics of troll culture in our country as online trolling become a new trend in our country, especially on social networking sites. It aims to explore the characteristics of troll culture in the country, shedding light on its various manifestations, the underlying behavioral patterns, and the consequential societal impact.Troll culture has become an integral part of online communication inBangladesh. This study aims to explore the different types of trolls in Bangladesh, their behavior, and the impact of troll culture on society. Social Media has revolutionized the way people communicate, behave, and interact within this virtual landscape people connect with others.These days online trolling gains momentum, particularly on social networking sites, and its nuances become imperative for both academic discourse and societal well-being.The researcher adopted a mixed-methods design incorporating both quantitative and qualitative data collection and analysis techniques. The quantitative aspect involves the use of surveys and data analytics to quantify the prevalence of trolling and its various forms.On the qualitative part content analysis is utilized to gain a nuanced understanding of troll behavior.Utilized some random sampling techniques to ensure a representative dataset and conducted frequency analysis to quantify the prevalence of trolling and identify patterns. The findings reveal that there are various types of trolls in Bangladesh, including political trolls, social media trolls, and cyberbullies. The study also found that troll behavior is mainly driven by group identity, anonymity, and the desire for attention and validation. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive overview of troll culture by examining both overt and covert scenariosand their implications for the cultural fabric of Bangladesh
Sociological Perspectives of Social Media, Expression, and Opinions: An Empirical Evidence
Authors: Shabnam Tanjila , Akter Suraiya
Published: March 2024

This study examines the association between social media and new waysin the expression of opinion among the students at Dhaka International University, which is one of the leading higher educational institutions in Bangladesh. Data were collected from 100 students from four departments of the university using a structured questionnaire.The study findsthat social media has become increasingly popular among students as it allows them to express their opinions freely and quickly. The study has also identified the negative effectsand potential benefits of social media use. On the negative side social media can contribute to the flourishing of foreign cultures among students, which can lead to new styles in expression of opinion that may be threating for traditional values. On the positive side, the study found that social media can be used to gather knowledge, promote education, and facilitate social movements.
Digital Horizon: Assessing Current Status of Digitalization in Maritime Industry
Authors: Kaštelan Nediljko , Vidan Pero , Assani Nur , Miličević Mario
Published: March 2024

This study addresses the critical role of maritime transport, which accounts for a significant part of world trade, but faces environmental challenges due to its dependence on the combustion of conventional fuels. The study focuses on the fast-growing area of digitalization in the maritime industry as a solution and uses a bibliometric analysis to assess trends, country participation, patents, and influential journals. China leads in both publications and patents, with Ocean Engineering emerging as one of the most important journals. The study identifies modern technologies such as IoT, Blockchain, AI and Neural Networks as crucial to overcoming the challenges facing the industry. However, it also points to obstacles, including the need for advanced text analytics tools and interdisciplinary research. The integration of previous research efforts highlights gaps and the dynamic nature of the field. Implications for future research emphasize international collaboration, understanding the patent landscape and consideration of ethical and regulatory factors. The discussion highlights the transformative potential of AI, IoT, Big Data Analytics, and Blockchain in maritime digitalization and emphasizes the importance of balancing technological advances with safety and sustainability. In summary, the study provides valuable insights into the progress of maritime digitalization. It provides a basis for future research and highlights the potential for efficiency, safety and sustainability improvements that require a cautious and balanced approach.
Numerical forecast of groundwater inflow to the mines of the Legnica-Głogów Copper District with a particular emphasis on the “Polkowice-Sieroszowice” mine
Authors: Gurwin Jacek , Wcisło Marek
Published: March 2024

The paper presents the results of work on the numerical hydrogeological model of the mines of theLegnica-Głogów Copper District (LGCD) in  Poland. Due to the extensive impact on the rock mass and the multi-layer depression cone caused by drainage, the model covers an area of 3,049 km2 . The complicated, mutual hydraulic connections of the multi-aquifer hydrogeological system required the model to cover the area beyond the range of mining areas, and to separate 17 numerical layers. The research was carried out in the GMS software environment using Modflow computing modules. The model was updated successively, since its structure, parameters, and boundary conditions are subject to change. It was also additionally calibrated based on new data from measurements in piezometers and changes recorded in inflows to the excavations. The simulations made it possible to determine the exact water balance, with a particular emphasis on the Sieroszowice mining area, where sudden unexpected inflows were noted. Subsequently, two prognostic simulations were performed to estimate dynamic water inflows to mine workings in the years 2020 and 2025.
Transformer-based spatial–temporal detection of apoptotic cell death in live-cell imaging
Authors: Pulfer Alain , Pizzagalli Diego Ulisse , Gagliardi Paolo Armando , Hinderling Lucien , Lopez Paul , Zayats Romaniya , Carrillo-Barberà Pau , Antonello Paola , Palomino-Segura Miguel , Grädel Benjamin , Nicolai Mariaclaudia , Giusti Alessandro , Thelen Marcus , Gambardella Luca Maria , Murooka Thomas T , Pertz Olivier , Krause Rolf , Gonzalez Santiago Fernandez
Published: March 2024

Intravital microscopy has revolutionized live-cell imaging by allowing the study of spatial–temporal cell dynamics in living animals. However, the complexity of the data generated by this technology has limited the development of effective computational tools to identify and quantify cell processes. Amongst them, apoptosis is a crucial form of regulated cell death involved in tissue homeostasis and host defense. Live-cell imaging enabled the study of apoptosis at the cellular level, enhancing our understanding of its spatial–temporal regulation. However, at present, no computational method can deliver robust detection of apoptosis in microscopy timelapses. To overcome this limitation, we developed ADeS, a deep learning-based apoptosis detection system that employs the principle of activity recognition. We trained ADeS on extensive datasets containing more than 10,000 apoptotic instances collected both in vitro and in vivo, achieving a classification accuracy above 98% and outperforming state-of-the-art solutions. ADeS is the first method capable of detecting the location and duration of multiple apoptotic events in full microscopy timelapses, surpassing human performance in the same task. We demonstrated the effectiveness and robustness of ADeS across various imaging modalities, cell types, and staining techniques. Finally, we employed ADeS to quantify cell survival in vitro and tissue damage in mice, demonstrating its potential application in toxicity assays, treatment evaluation, and inflammatory dynamics. Our findings suggest that ADeS is a valuable tool for the accurate detection and quantification of apoptosis in live-cell imaging and, in particular, intravital microscopy data, providing insights into the complex spatial–temporal regulation of this process.
The Growth & Survival of Tilapia Fry (Oreochronis niloticus) with the Addition of Fermented Coconut Pulp to Feed
Authors: Nurwahida  , Ardiansyah  , Yuliadi  , Indrayani  , Mulyati
Published: March 2024

Feed is one of the components that support the aquaculture business, hence the available feed must be sufficient and meet the needs of the fish. The use of coconut pulp as a feed ingredient is limited by its low protein content and high crude fiber content, which reduces the feed's digestibility level. Fermentation is a technology used to increase protein content and reduce crude fiber content, and increase protein digestibility. A. adding fermented coconut pulp 65%, commercial feed 35%, B. adding fermented coconut pulp 45%, commercial feed 55%, C. adding fermented coconut pulp 25%, 75% commercial feed, D. Control (100% commercial feed). This study aimed to analyze the effect of adding fermented coconut pulp to the commercial feed on the growth and survival of tilapia fry (Orechromis niloticus). The research is an experimental study using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 3 replications for 12 experimental units. The results showed that the addition of fermented coconut pulp to tilapia feed had no significant effect on absolute weight and absolute length growth, but had a significant effect on the survival rate of tilapia fry. The best dose of adding fermented coconut pulp to the feed was found in the 25% treatment. The addition of fermented coconut pulp up to 45% did not make a significant difference with the use of commercial feed (control). This indicates the addition of fermented coconut pulp up to 45% can still be given to fish, hence it can be recommended that the addition of fermented coconut pulp to the feed should not exceed 45%.
Patterns of Indigenous Land Tenure and Utilization: Comparison of Customary Law in Balinese and Acehnese People
Authors: Wijaya I. Ketut Kasta Arya , Suwitra I. Made , Senastri Ni Made Jaya , Nazarrudin T. , Sulaiman
Published: March 2024

Aim: This study examines and analyzes changes in patterns of tenure and utilization of customary land in line with changes and developments in society in the era of globalization and tourism industry both in Bali and in Aceh. There were lands that were originally customary lands.  Customary. Some have changed their function while others are still functioning as customary lands. The purpose of this study is to analyze the causes of changes in patterns of tenure and utilization of customary lands in the Indigenous Peoples of Bali and Aceh. Before the change in orientation related to the use of customary land which still adheres to the communal and religious functions of customary land, but along with economic development and in the era of globalization, the tenure and utilization of customary land has undergone changes that lead to economic orientation.  A controversial issue in land is the concept of economic function and social function of land which is the basis for excessive land use. One of the sources of the problem is the construction of tourism facilities, resulting in the economic value of the land being so high.
Methods: This study uses mixed methods as legal research, namely between normative and empirical legal research by using field data and secondary data.
Results: Found that in anticipating changes in the pattern of tenure and utilization of customary lands in the indigenous peoples of Bali and Aceh, the government and stakeholders need to design and implement various policy models that can maintain the sustainability of culture, environment, and the interests of the indigenous peoples of Bali and Aceh. A policy model that favors indigenous peoples in providing protection for customary lands in Bali and in Aceh. Community involvement and facilitating institutional development within indigenous peoples in decision-making in the ownership and use of customary land.
Conclusion: Indigenous Peoples in the era of globalization have an important role in anticipating changes in the pattern of tenure and utilization of customary land in order to maintain cultural values, identity, and community welfare. For this reason, steps need to be taken, including strengthening indigenous peoples through education and self-awareness, strengthening identity and culture, active involvement of indigenous peoples in decision making and the establishment of customary institutions in representing indigenous peoples related to their interests.
Exploring the Impact of Climate Variables on Livestock Anthrax Outbreaks: A Machine Learning Approach
Authors: Jayashree, A.  , Suresh K. P. , Dikshitha, J.  , Gulati Baldev R. , Balamurugan V. , Jacob Siju Susan , Patil S. S. , Hemadri Divakar
Published: March 2024

Anthrax, a globally significant disease, poses substantial threats to both livestock and human populations. Timely identification of anthrax outbreaks is paramount to mitigate its impact on animal health, human health, and public safety. This study aims to construct a predictive model for livestock anthrax disease occurrence. By leveraging the potential of advanced Machine-Learning techniques, we projected the likelihood of anthrax outbreaks across India, through incorporating a diverse set of meteorological, and remote sensing parameters. The ultimate goal is to establish a spatial risk map that can serve as an early warning system, aiding in the anticipation and management of future anthrax outbreaks in India's livestock population. Our analysis revealed elevated risk zones for anthrax outbreaks in the southern and north-eastern regions of India, contrasting with medium to low-risk areas in the central parts. Notably, Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI), Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), rainfall, soil moisture, and wind speed emerged as pivotal variables driving the model's predictive accuracy. Among the employed models, the random forest, adaptive boosting, and classification tree analysis approaches showcased superior performance in livestock anthrax risk assessment. The risk map was generated using significant variables by exploiting best fitted models. These findings hold profound implications for policymakers, guiding the targeted deployment of control strategies against anthrax outbreaks. The dynamic risk maps generated through this study enhance public awareness, equipping decision-makers with vital insights for informed action. By spotlighting risk management endeavours, these maps further enhance governance and risk mitigation efforts.
Parametric Evaluation of Biogas Production from Sawdust and Treated Human Faeces: Optimal Custom Design Approach
Authors: Emu A. O. , Iweka Sunday Chukwuka , Madu K. E. , Nwanze N. E.
Published: March 2024

As energy demand is increasing astronomically, fossil-based fuels became scarce and more expensive, and carbon dioxide emission levels became of greater concern. Thus, the need to convert the co-digestion of sawdust and treated human faeces to produce biogas, a carbon-neutral gas to replace fossil fuels. From the outcome, the logistic function model performance was satisfactory in the simulation of the experimental process. The codigestion of sawdust and human faeces at 2.5 kg each produced the highest biogas output of 5.43 L using Optimal (Custom) Design of Mixture approach but the human faeces alone gave a better biogas quality. Additionally, the high coefficient of determination (R2) ranging between 0.9959 - 0.9879 and standard deviation of 0.023 - 0.321 for temperature - biogas yield respectively, fall within an ideal range. Thus, the model proved to be a useful tool in predicting anaerobic digestion and biogas production processes. Furthermore, the FTIR analysis of sawdust and human faeces indicates their potential to produce biogas if subjected to anaerobic environment. In addition, the GCMS analyzed the % of methane to be 58.40% which is within  accepted   range.  The biogas   was tested with a locally fabricated gas burner for flammability and it ignited with a blue flame. Thus, this experiment can be translated to an industrial scale biogas production for cooking and electricity to boost local economy and alleviate poverty.
Enhancing Nutritional Composition of Fermented Parkia biglobosa Seeds with Spices
Authors: Omodara T. R. , Omojokun A. O.
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Fermented Parkia biglobosa seed is an essential condiment in Nigeria for its unique flavor and nutritional value.
Aims: The study investigated the influence of spices such as Aframomum melegueta (alligator pepper), Zingiber officinale (ginger), Allium sativum (garlic), Myristica fragrans (nutmeg), Curcuma longa (turmeric), Xylopia aethiopica (grains of Selim), Chrysobalanus icaco (cocoplum) and Parinari excelsa (skinplum) on the nutritional composition of the condiment.
Methodology: Thirty grams (30g) of dried spice was added to 300g of previously pressure cooked and dehulled locust beans in separate containers. Each was inoculated with Bacillus subtilis and fermented at 37oC for 36 hours.
Results: The phytic acid in alligator fermented ‘iru’, ginger fermented ‘iru’ and nutmeg fermented ‘iru’ were 4.53mg/g, 18.54mg/g and 20.19mg/g respectively, which were significantly lower than the phytic acid of the commercially produced ‘iru’ (21.40mg/g). Starter culture fermented ‘iru’, turmeric fermented ‘iru’ and cocoplum fermented ‘iru’ had significantly lower levels of trypsin inhibitors of 24.68mg/g, 26.13mg/g and 26.13mg/g, respectively when compared to commercially fermented ‘iru’. Skinplum fermented ‘iru’ and cocoplum fermented ‘iru’ had significantly higher flavonoids levels. Alligator fermented ‘iru’ had significantly higher Vit. A (4.65), Vit. B1 (2.94), Vit. B2 (0.31mg/g) and Vit. B5 (0.08 mg/g) compared to commercially produced ‘iru’. The protein digestibility of Nutmeg fermented ‘iru’ was significantly higher than commercially fermented ‘iru’. However, other fermented samples had significantly reduced protein digestibility compared to commercially produced ‘iru’.
Conclusion: To fortify and enhance nutritional composition of fermented Parkia biglobosa seeds, alligator pepper, skinplum and nutmeg may be used.
Gêneros não binários no Brasil
Authors: Maniglia Leonora , Porchat Patrícia
Published: March 2024

Reivindicações de pessoas de gêneros não binários têm crescido exponencialmente em todo o mundo nos últimos anos, havendo escassez na literatura psicanalítica de estudos críticos a respeito de suas singularidades. Por meio dos conceitos de bissexualidade psíquica e de identificação, é possível aproximar a psicanálise dos estudos de gênero, das teorias queer, transfeminista e decoloniais a fim de elaborar diálogos que promovam novas perspectivas interdisciplinares. Produzir novas ferramentas teórico-clínicas na psicanálise se faz urgente, além de ser um compromisso ético para profissionais psi.
A Basic Water Quality Model for the River Neckar: Part 2 – model‐based analysis of the oxygen budget and scenarios
Authors: Haag Ingo
Published: January 2007

In this paper the Basic Water Quality Model (BWQM) for the central part of River Neckar is used to analyse the oxygen budget and to assess the potentials of various measures to prevent or mitigate critical dissolved oxygen (DO) declines. It is shown that the oxygen budget is mainly governed by phytoplankton dynamics. The excessive growth of algae and the sudden break down of the resulting algal blooms may cause episodic DO depressions. Therefore, to stabilise the oxygen budget in a sustainable way, eutrophication has to be controlled within the central part of River Neckar and the upstream regions. The only feasible way to reach this goal appears to be a further drastic reduction of phosphorus emissions. In addition, it is indispensable to hold the very high standards of biochemical oxygen demand and ammonium retention at the wastewater treatment plants. A worse performance of the treatment plants would dramatically aggravate critical DO declines which may be caused by algae dynamics. As long as the oxygen budget is not completely stabilised, weir and turbine aeration can be used to mitigate DO depressions. It could be shown that the potentials of these measures suffice to keep DO at a tolerable level. However, due to the long travel times in River Neckar, it is important to start aeration up to several days before the DO minimum is reached.
Routine analysis of sediment pore water of high ionic strength
Authors: Herzsprung Peter , Bozau Elke , Büttner Olaf , Duffek Anja , Friese Kurt , Koschorreck Matthias , Schultze Martin , v. Tümpling Wolf , Wendt‐Potthoff Katrin
Published: January 2007

Pore water of sediments plays an important role in aquatic systems as mediator and as the reactive zone between the sediment and surface water. Sediment pore waters with high ionic strength from acidified pit lakes were investigated to obtain information about the influence on the lake water quality. The analysis of soluble reactive phosphorus, nitrate, ammonium, silica, dissolved organic carbon, ferrous iron, sulfate, chloride, sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, manganese, and total dissolved iron was predetermined as the dataset required for evaluation of water quality. The data collection procedure was optimised by designing a methodology for stabilisation, dilution of pore water samples and adaptation of analytical methods. The developed methodology was evaluated with respect to the effort required in the laboratory under routine conditions. In the first round of analyses, 72% of 638 individual analyses from a random selection of pore water profiles were found to be within the calibration ranges. Remedial actions to handle the remaining 28% of invalid analytical results are exemplified. Differences between comparative analyses of some ions by continuous flow analysis, ion chromatography, and atomic emission spectroscopy were evaluated. The majority of results measured by ion chromatography differed on a highly significant level from results measured by atomic emission spectroscopy. Possible reasons, originating from the extreme sample matrix, are discussed. Finally, the designed methodology and the results of the method comparison are used to recommend the selection of analytical methods under specific conditions.
Geophagy at termitaria by bearded sakis (Chiropotes satanas) in Southeastern Brazilian Amazonia
Authors: Veiga Liza M. , Ferrari Stephen F.
Published: January 2007

Geophagy is rare in primates, but has been recorded in a variety of platyrrhine genera. The first observation of geophagy in bearded sakis (Chiropotes satanas) is reported here. Two bouts were recorded during long‐term monitoring of a free‐ranging group inhabiting a small island in a reservoir in eastern Brazilian Amazonia. On both occasions, soil was obtained systematically from a termitarium in the crown of an Eschweilera coriacea tree. Both events occurred during the late dry season. Although there is no evidence of any significant shift in foraging behavior during this period, it is possible that soil ingested provided an essential mineral supplement to a diet limited by the small size of the island. Am. J. Primatol. 69:816–820, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Strength properties of polyimideamide nanocomposite fibers in terms of their porous and supermolecular structure
Authors: Mikołajczyk Teresa , Rabiej Stanisław , Olejnik Magdalena , Urbaniak‐Domagała Wiesława
Published: January 2007

The strength properties of fibers made from polyimideamide (PIA) nanocomposite were investigated and the effect of the presence of MMT in the fiber‐forming polymer on the porous structure and supermolecular structure of fibers was analyzed. It was found that lower strength properties (tenacity, elongation at break) of PIA nanocomposite fibers, as compared with those ones of fibers without montmorillonite (MMT), are connected with a lower deformability of the polymer during drawing stage and the collapse of MMT galleries, confirmed by WAXS investigations. This results in the formation of agglomerates that are weakly connected with the fiber‐forming polymer. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 104: 339–344, 2007
Preparation of high molecular weight poly(vinyl pivalate) with high yield and high molecular weight poly(vinyl alcohol) by emulsion polymerization of vinyl pivalate and saponification
Authors: Song Du Hyun , Lyoo Won Seok
Published: January 2007

To prepare high molecular weight (HMW) poly(vinyl pivalate) (PVPi) with high yield and high linearity which is a promising precursor for syndiotactic poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA), vinyl pivalate (VPi) was emulsion polymerized, using 2,2′‐azobis(2‐amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH) as an initiator and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) as an emulsifier. The effect of the polymerization conditions on the conversion, molecular weight, and degree of branching was investigated. PVA with maximum number‐average degree of polymerization (Pn) of 6200 could be prepared by complete saponification of PVPi, with Pn of 13,300–16,700 obtained at polymerization temperature of 50°C, using SDS and AAPH concentration of 2.0 × 10−3 mol/L of water and 1.0 × 10−3 mol/L of water, respectively, and the maximum conversion was about 90%. From the emulsion polymerization of VPi, spherical PVPi with high yield was effectively prepared, which might be useful for the precursor of syndiotactic PVA micro‐ and nano‐spheres with various surface properties. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 104: 410–414, 2007