bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Relationship Between Level of Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D and Risk of Squamous Cell Carcinoma in an Iranian Population
Authors: Hosseini Mahboobeh-Sadat , Salarvand Fereshteh , Ehsani Amir Houshang , Noormohammadpour Pedram , Azizzadeh Shadi , Mousavi Mohaddese , Morsali Mona
Published: October 2019

Background: The relationship between vitamin D and skin squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is not well defined.

Objective: To investigate the relationship between vitamin D levels and the incidence of skin SCC for the first time in Iran.

Methods and Study Design: In this case-control study, 126 subjects were enrolled (63 in each group) out of referents to Razi Skin Hospital in Tehran in 2014. The risk factors for cancer gathered by self-reported questionnaires and blood samples were obtained to measure the level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D. Multivariate logistic regression was used to neutralize the effect of confounding factors.

Results: Cases of SCC were more likely to be in men, older than 49 years and working in an outdoor environment, and with longtime exposure to sunlight and a personal history of skin cancers. Family history of skin cancer and of cigarette smoking were not significantly related to SCC. In the SCC and control groups, 69.8% and 31.7%, respectively, had sufficient levels of vitamin D (P < 0.001). Mean level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D was 40.99 ng/mL in the SCC group and 26.34 ng/mL in the control group (P < 0.05). In the unadjusted model, the level of vitamin D as a continuous variable was positively related to SCC risk. In the adjusted model, vitamin D did not independently predict the likelihood of SCC.

Conclusion: Vitamin D level and SCC risk are directly related, although not in an independent fashion. Indeed, this relation is severely confounded by exposure to sunlight, which was evidenced by an increased vitamin D level in the people working outside and the higher prevalence of SCC in the same population.
Dermoscopic–Histopathological Correlation of Eccrine Poroma: An Observational Study
Authors: Chessa Marco A. , Patrizi Annalisa , Baraldi Carlotta , Fanti Pier Alessandro , Barisani Alessia , Vaccari Sabina
Published: October 2019

Background: Eccrine poroma (EP) is a benign adnexal neoplasm that can be pigmented in 17% of cases. Four histopathological variants of EP exist. Dermoscopically, EP can mimic many other skin neoplasms.

Objectives: To provide a dermoscopic–histopathological correlation of EP, classifying the clinical and dermoscopic features of EPs on the basis of their histopathological subtype, in an attempt to better characterize these entities.

Patients and Methods: A single-center retrospective study was conducted. Clinical data were collected; patients were classified on the basis of the 4 histopathological variants of EPs. Dermoscopic images were reviewed. A dermoscopic–histopathological correlation was performed, and the results were compared with literature data.

Results: Twenty-six lesions were included, both pigmented and nonpigmented. Three of the 4 histopathological variants were identified. Different dermoscopic features were observed for each distinct histopathological subtype of EP. The lesions mimicked different types of other skin neoplasms, in particular: nonpigmented hidroacanthoma simplex resembled nonmelanoma skin cancer; pigmented hidroacanthoma simplex appeared like a seborrheic keratosis or a solar lentigo; EPs sensu stricto presented as pink nodules if nonpigmented and were similar to seborrheic keratosis if pigmented; dermal duct tumors appeared as pigmented nodular lesions.

Conclusions: Distinct dermoscopic features appeared to be recurrent in each histopathological variant. Dermoscopy can provide important clues for the diagnosis of EP; the final diagnosis is allowed by histopathology. To achieve a correct diagnosis of EP, because of its clinical and dermoscopic variability, surgical excision is recommended.
Torture and torture practices in Tanzania: Knowledge, attitudes and practice among medical professionals
Authors: Van den Bergh Brenda , Brasholt Marie , Swai Praxeda James , Saidia Primus , Kidew Moses , Lipsius Hincheli Naomi , Aon Maha , Modvig Jens
Published: October 2019

Introduction: Medical professionals have a key role in addressing torture and need an awareness and knowledge of torture in relation to rehabilitation approaches, prevention and international standards. This study was undertaken with the aim of assessing the current knowledge, attitudes and practices of medical professionals in Tanzania, creating a baseline for possible future interventions. Methods: Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected. A cross-sectional survey was carried out using an intervieweradministrated structured questionnaire with 31 questions. Five focus group discussions were held. 386 medical professionals participated in the study representing primary, secondary and tertiary levels of health care in five regions of mainland Tanzania: Arusha, Dar es Salaam, Kigoma, Mara and Mbeya.Results: Around 95% of all professionals acknowledged the existence of torture in Tanzania, but only 7% could correctly identify six different acts as being actual acts of torture according to the definition of the UN Convention Against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment. Less than 15% were aware of relevant international standards like the Istanbul Protocol and the Mandela Rules. Up to 57% perceived that torture could be acceptable under certain circumstances. About 68% of all professionals reported to have encountered torture victims. The majority (82.9%) saw themselves as competent in the management of torture victims, but only 22% had received training specifically focusing on torture and its consequences. Most were interested in learning more on the subject. Conclusion: While medical professionals may be aware of theexistence of torture in the country and report encountering torture victims in their daily work, both the professionals’ skills and attitudes with regards to torture require development to intensify the workagainst torture in Tanzania. Intervention strategies should target training in medical schools and in-service training for medical professionals at all levels within the healthcare system.
Unjustifiable Means: The Inside Story of How the CIA, Pentagon, and US Government Conspired to Torture, by Mark Fallon
Authors: Xenakis Stephen N.
Published: October 2019

Fallon documents the source of misguided interrogations and torture after 9/11.
Attitudes of Experienced Seafarers as Predictor of ISM Code Implementation: A Croatian Example
Authors: Mišković Darijo , Jelaska Igor , Ivče Renato
Published: October 2019

The aim of this paper is to identify what attitudes towards safety performance indicators influence the attitudes towards successfulness of ISM Code implementation among contemporary seafarers. Secondly, the goal of the research was to obtain insight into the seafarer’s attitudes towards the current state of ISM implementation and safety performance. Consequently, a sample of N=330 seafarers was examined regarding their attitudes towards safety performance variables and ISM Code implementation. By using multiple regression analysis it was concluded that well designed and structured safety rules and procedures, positive work environment and adequate communication can make significant contributions to seafarers’ attitudes towards ISM implementation.
Multiple kinesins induce tension for smooth cargo transport
Authors: Tjioe Marco , Shukla Saurabh , Vaidya Rohit , Troitskaia Alice , Bookwalter Carol S , Trybus Kathleen M , Chemla Yann R , Selvin Paul R
Published: October 2019

How cargoes move within a crowded cell—over long distances and at speeds nearly the same as when moving on unimpeded pathway—has long been mysterious. Through an in vitro force-gliding assay, which involves measuring nanometer displacement and piconewtons of force, we show that multiple mammalian kinesin-1 (from 2 to 8) communicate in a team by inducing tension (up to 4 pN) on the cargo. Kinesins adopt two distinct states, with one-third slowing down the microtubule and two-thirds speeding it up. Resisting kinesins tend to come off more rapidly than, and speed up when pulled by driving kinesins, implying an asymmetric tug-of-war. Furthermore, kinesins dynamically interact to overcome roadblocks, occasionally combining their forces. Consequently, multiple kinesins acting as a team may play a significant role in facilitating smooth cargo motion in a dense environment. This is one of few cases in which single molecule behavior can be connected to ensemble behavior of multiple motors.
Study Protocol for ‘Patient Referral and Education Program prior to Renal Replacement Therapy (PREP-RRT)”:
Authors: Saunders Milda , King Akilah , Robinson Eric , Lopez Fanny , Quinn Michael , Peek Monica
Published: October 2019

Patients with advanced stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD), especially racial minorities, often do not receive treatment or education until specific symptoms begin to manifest. The Patient Referral and Education Program prior to Renal Replacement Therapy (PREP-RRT) study is intended to capture the perspective of African Americans receiving renal care and then tailor education for hospitalized patients who may not be well linked to the medical system. In the U.S., African Americans and other minorities are less likely to be seen by a nephrologist prior to dialysis and the lack of pre-dialysis care and education is associated with lower likelihood of pre-emptive transplant. The primary outcome for the PREP-RRT study will be change in patient knowledge, attitudes and behavior about CKD treatment options which will be assessed by the previously validated Kidney Knowledge Survey (KiKS). Secondary outcomes of interest are patient satisfaction with education, time-to-event for nephrology appointment, appearance at transplant center, likelihood of fistula, self-care dialysis at dialysis initiation, or documentation of patient decision not to initiate RRT. The PREP RRT intervention will identify, educate and motivate patients to increase CKD self-care and to improve communication and shared decision-making about RRT treatments among patients, their families and their providers.
High expression of HSP90 is associated with poor prognosis in patients with colorectal cancer
Authors: Zhang Shuming , Guo Shichao , Li Zhangfu , Li Dan , Zhan Qimin
Published: October 2019

Background

Heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) is a highly conserved chaperone with an approximate molecular weight of 90-kDa. It plays a critical role in maintaining stability and homeostasis of oncoproteins, helping cancer cells living in the unsuitable environmental conditions. The current study aims to inquire the difference of HSP90 expression in tumor tissues and normal tissues, analyze the correlation between HSP90 expression and the prognoses of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC), and investigate its role in CRC preliminarily.

Methods

Online analysis of HSP90 mRNA levels in different cancers was firstly done in Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis. Then HSP90 expression was determined by immunohistochemistry between 99 CRC tissues and 81 normal tissues. Chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test was used to analyze the relationship between HSP90 and histopathologic characteristics. Kaplan–Meier analysis and Cox’s proportional hazards model were also done for further analysis of the prognostic values of HSP90. Pearson’s correlation coefficients between HSP90 expression values and other mRNA expression values were calculated based on The Cancer Genome Atlas dataset and bioinformatic analysis was done about these screened genes.

Results

Colorectal cancer tissues showed significantly higher expression of HSP90 than normal tissues (55.6% vs. 3.7%, P < 0.0001). Kaplan–Meier curves showed high HSP90 expression was associated with poor prognosis (P = 0.039) in CRC patients, and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression model analysis also indicated that HSP90 expression (HR = 1.930, 95% CI [1.113–3.349], P = 0.019) linked to poor prognosis. Moreover, 85 genes were correlated with HSP90, which were involved in metabolic process and enriched in pathways of Proteasome and Base excision repair.

Conclusions

Our results suggested that HSP90 expression is inversely associated with survival outcomes and could be an independent prognostic factor for CRC patients. It mainly involved in metabolic process and exerted binding and catalytic activities.
Identification of key genes and pathways associated with cholangiocarcinoma development based on weighted gene correlation network analysis
Authors: Liu Jingwei , Liu Weixin , Li Hao , Deng Qiuping , Yang Meiqi , Li Xuemei , Liang Zeng
Published: October 2019

Background

As the most frequently occurred tumor in biliary tract, cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is mainly characterized by its late diagnosis and poor outcome. It is therefore urgent to identify specific genes and pathways associated with its progression and prognosis.

Materials and Methods

The differentially expressed genes in The Cancer Genome Atlas were analyzed to build the co-expression network by Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). Gene ontology (GO) as well as Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis were conducted for the selected genes. Module–clinical trait relationships were analyzed to explore the association with clinicopathological parameters. Log-rank tests and cox regression were used to identify the prognosis-related genes.

Results

The most related modules with CCA development were tan module containing 181 genes and salmon module with 148 genes. GO analysis suggested enrichment terms of digestion, hormone transport and secretion, epithelial cell proliferation, signal release, fibroblast activation, response to acid chemical, wnt, Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate metabolism. KEGG analysis demonstrated 15 significantly altered pathways including glutathione metabolism, wnt, central carbon metabolism, mTOR, pancreatic secretion, protein digestion, axon guidance, retinol metabolism, insulin secretion, salivary secretion, fat digestion. Key genes of SOX2, KIT, PRSS56, WNT9A, SLC4A4, PRRG4, PANX2, PIR, RASSF8, MFSD4A, INS, RNF39, IL1R2, CST1, and PPP3CA might be potential prognostic markers for CCA, of which RNF39 and PRSS56 also showed significant correlation with clinical stage.

Discussion

Differentially expressed genes and key modules contributing to CCA development were identified by WGCNA. Our results offer novel insights into the characteristics in the etiology, prognosis, and treatment of CCA.
Comparison of prediction power of three multivariate calibrations for estimation of leaf anthocyanin content with visible spectroscopy in Prunus cerasifera
Authors: Liu Xiuying , Liu Chenzhou , Shi Zhaoyong , Chang Qingrui
Published: October 2019

The anthocyanin content in leaves can reveal valuable information about a plant’s physiological status and its responses to stress. Therefore, it is of great value to accurately and efficiently determine anthocyanin content in leaves. The selection of calibration method is a major factor which can influence the accuracy of measurement with visible and near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy. Three multivariate calibrations including principal component regression (PCR), partial least squares regression (PLSR), and back-propagation neural network (BPNN) were adopted for the development of determination models of leaf anthocyanin content using reflectance spectra data (450–600 nm) in Prunus cerasifera and then the performance of these models was compared for three multivariate calibrations. Certain principal components (PCs) and latent variables (LVs) were used as input for the back-propagation neural network (BPNN) model. The results showed that the best PCR and PLSR models were obtained by standard normal variate (SNV), and BPNN models outperformed both the PCR and PLSR models. The coefficient of determination (R2), the root mean square error of prediction (RMSEp), and the residual prediction deviation (RPD) values for the validation set were 0.920, 0.274, and 3.439, respectively, for the BPNN-PCs model, and 0.922, 0.270, and 3.489, respectively, for the BPNN-LVs model. Visible spectroscopy combined with BPNN was successfully applied to determine leaf anthocyanin content in P. cerasifera and the performance of the BPNN-LVs model was the best. The use of the BPNN-LVs model and visible spectroscopy showed significant potential for the nondestructive determination of leaf anthocyanin content in plants.
Desenvolvimento Humano Municipal no Estado da Bahia
Authors: Menezes Nery de Oliveira Nadja Simone , Ferrera de Lima Jandir , Navarro Barrinha Roselaine
Published: October 2019

Este artigo examina o Índice de Desenvolvimento Humano Municipal (IDHM) dos municípios do Estado da Bahia, conforme metodologia do Programa das Nações Unidas para o Desenvolvimento. O estudo se baseia em dois tipos de análise do desenvolvimento municipal das microrregiões da Bahia, referentes aos anos 2000 e 2010: a Bahia em comparação à média brasileira do IDHM; e, os municípios baianos em relação à média da região Nordeste do IDHM. Os resultados revelaram, por um lado, que a maior parte dos municípios que estavam no círculo vicioso da pobreza permaneceu nesta condição e/ou teve sua participação ligeiramente reduzida no período analisado; por outro lado, aumentou o número dos municípios classificados como tendendo ao desenvolvimento. O padrão de desenvolvimento no Estado da Bahia foi caracterizado por ganhos substantivos em termos de indicadores sociais, enquanto os ganhos em termos de crescimento econômico foram inferiores em relação à média nacional.
Cidade e água: a produção do espaço na Bacia do Igarapé do Tucunduba em Belém-PA
Authors: De Araújo e Silva Ana Luiza , De Miranda Rocha Gilberto
Published: October 2019

Pensar o espaço urbano na Amazônia é sempre um desafio, principalmente, pelas ricas particularidades que se expressam nesta região. O presente artigo busca apresentar o histórico da relação cidade e água no contexto amazônico, assim como Belém historicamente delineou a produção do espaço no convívio com as águas. A pesquisa realizada permitiu verificar o quanto a bacia do Tucunduba sofreu alterações ao longo de sua história, evidenciando a degradação ambiental em suas imediações. Com o auxílio de pesquisa documental, revisão bibliográfica e observação sistemática in loco, foi possível identificar os diferentes atores produtores do espaço na bacia e as relações estabelecidas com o ambiente de baixada. Com base nos resultados da pesquisa, o artigo pretende contribuir para o debate sobre como se consolidou a produção do espaço em áreas de baixada na Amazônia.
Using Passive Acoustic Recording and Automated Call Identification to Survey Koalas in the Southern Forests of New South Wales
Authors: Law B. , Gonsalves L. , Bilney R. , Peterie J. , Pietsch R. , Roe P. , Truskinger A.
Published: October 2019

Cost-effective surveys of low density koala populations are challenging, but technological developments in the acoustics field offer great potential for landscape-scale surveys and monitoring. We assessed passive acoustic recording coupled with automated call identification as a survey method for koalas Phascolarctos cinereus . Surveys targeted areas of previously known koala activity based on scat surveys in southern forests of New South Wales where a low density of koalas is suspected. We set 24 Song Meters to record at night over a two week period (~3,696 hours) in the koala breeding season (October/November) in Murrah Flora Reserve. Recordings were scanned by a koala call recogniser and “matches” were manually verified. Across the 24 sites, 522 validated koala bellows were recorded at 21 sites (87.5 % detection rate). Three environmental variables had most influence on detection probability of koalas, including nightly rainfall (-ve), nightly temperature (-ve) and topographic position (lower on ridges). Calling activity peaked at midnight. Sustained site occupancy, at least in the short-term, was apparent as under optimal conditions (no rain) koalas were recorded, on average, for > 50 % of survey nights rather than for just a few nights. We suggest that only a modest survey effort (4–5 nights) in the breeding season, on nights with < 3 mm of rain, is required to achieve 90–95 % probability of koala call detection in an area of low koala density. Comparison with scat surveys at the same sites revealed that detection rates were more than three times greater with acoustic surveys. Technological advances will continue to provide improvements for wildlife survey, and perhaps most importantly, for collecting much needed long-term data to assess trends in occupancy or other population attributes over time.
Investigating the Existence of a Cathode Electrolyte Interphase on Graphite in Dual‐Ion Batteries with LiPF6‐Based Aprotic Electrolytes and Unraveling the Origin of Capacity Fade
Authors: Haneke Lukas , Pfeiffer Felix , Rudolf Katharina , Sutar Pranti , Baghernejad Masoud , Winter Martin , Placke Tobias , Kasnatscheew Johannes
Published: December 2024

This study elucidates the presence of a cathode electrolyte interphase (CEI) at graphite positive electrodes (PEs) and assesses its impact on the performance of dual‐ion batteries, being promising candidates for cost‐efficient and sustainable stationary energy storage. Indeed, electrolyte oxidation increases during charge (5 V vs Li|Li+) for decreased C rates, that is longer duration at high state‐of‐charges (SOC) , but effective protection and evidence for CEI formation is missing as no increase in Coulombic efficiencies is observed, even with literature‐known electrolyte additives like vinylene carbonate, fluoroethylene carbonate, or ethylene sulfite in a highly concentrated base electrolyte (4.0 m LiPF6 in dimethyl carbonate) as reference. Via studying charged and pristine PEs by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, PF6−‐graphite intercalation compounds and cointercalated solvent molecules are identified, while indications for CEI are absent within 1000 charge/discharge cycles. Nevertheless, a high capacity retention of ≈94% (referring to 0.1C) is demonstrated. Affirmed by Raman spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy, the active material remains structurally stable, suggesting capacity fading to be dominated by resistance rise at the PE, likely due to an electronic contact resistance from active material grain boundaries and/or from the interface between electrode particles and the current collector in course of high volume changes; as systematically derived by impedance spectroscopy.
Electrode Development for Electro‐Organic Kolbe–Schmitt C–H Carboxylation of Benzene Using Cu Nanoparticles on Graphene Oxide Modified With MIL‐101 MOF for CO2 Capture in a DES Electrolyte System
Authors: Behrouz Zahra , Banihashemi Kambiz , Saadat Mostafa , Alizadeh Sahar , Ahdenov Reza
Published: December 2024

This study focuses on developing an advanced electrode for the electro‐organic Kolbe–Schmitt C–H carboxylation of benzene. The electrode uses copper (Cu) nanoparticles supported on graphene oxide modified with MIL‐101 metal–organic framework (MOF). The MIL‐101 MOF enhances CO2 capture, improving the electrode's efficiency in a deep eutectic solvent (DES) system. The study reports high yields (89%–97%) of synthesized benzoic acids 4(a–l), facilitated by urea/ChCl as a cost‐effective electrolyte, by applying an electric current of 20 mA, in 2 h and at ambient temperature. The innovative electrode design facilitates efficient benzoic acid synthesis, while the use of urea/ChCl as an accessible and cost‐effective electrolyte and solvent enhances the electro‐organic reaction rate. The synthesized benzoic acids were characterized through melting point analysis, 1HNMR spectroscopy, and CHN elemental composition. To assess the electrode's properties, extensive characterization techniques such as XPS, TGA, SEM, EDS, FT‐IR, BET surface area analysis, CV, and FT‐IR were used.
Biological Synergy of Diorganotin (IV) Metal With Schiff Bases: Synthesis, Characterization, Antituberculosis, Antimicrobial, and Anti‐Inflammatory Evaluation
Authors: Taxak Bharti , Devi Jai , Kumar Binesh , Boora Ankit
Published: December 2024

In the search for new therapeutic agents, a variety of diorganotin (IV) complexes were synthesized from Schiff base ligands (H2L1–H2L2) derived from 2‐amino‐4,6‐dichloro‐5‐methylphenol and 5‐nitrosalicylaldehyde/5‐chlorosalicylaldehyde. Structural characterization was performed using various analytical and physical techniques. Spectroscopic data confirmed that the ligands coordinate to the diorganotin (IV) ion via O‐ and N‐donor sites in an iminol configuration, indicating a pentacoordinated stereochemistry. TGA studies showed stability up to 120°C, and low conductance suggested nonelectrolytic nature. Bioactivity screening included the alamar blue assay for antituberculosis activity, serial dilutions for antimicrobial testing, and the bovine serum albumin technique for anti‐inflammatory evaluation. Notably, Complex 6 [Ph2SnL1] displayed the highest efficacy against tuberculosis (MIC: 0.0102 ± 0.0017 μmol/mL) and inflammation (IC50:7.9437 ± 0.02 μM) dysfunctions, which is comparable to standard drugs. Moreover, the metal complexes, particularly Complexes 6 and 10, exhibited the most promising antimicrobial activity with 0.0051–0.0052 μmol/mL MIC values. The efficacy pattern was Ph2SnL1–2 > Bu2SnL1–2 > Et2SnL1–2 > Me2SnL1–2. Evaluation of the ADMET profile elucidated the low toxicity levels and drug likeness properties of these compounds, highlighting their potential as promising therapeutic agents.
Synthesis and Polymerization Activity of Phosphine‐Pyrrolido [PN] Titanium and Zirconium Complexes
Authors: Iwasaki Jin , Toda Tomoyuki , Wakatsuki Ayana , Ohta Shun , Nishii Kei , Matano Yoshihiro , Takenaka Katsuhiko
Published: December 2024

A monoanionic bidentate [PN]‐type ligand based on dibenzophosphole was synthesized, and its coordination properties toward titanium and zirconium were investigated. The complexes [PN]M (NR2)3 (M = Ti, R = Me; M = Zr, R = Et) were synthesized through the reaction of 4‐(1H‐pyrrole‐2‐yl)dibenzophosphole, [PN]H, with three equivalents of Ti (NMe2)4 or Zr (NEt2)4. Both titanium and zirconium complexes featuring the [PN] ligand were characterized by NMR and elemental analysis. Single‐crystal X‐ray crystallography unveiled the solid‐state structure of [PN]Zr (NEt2)3, with the pyrrolido group coordinated to the zirconium center in the η1‐mode. Ethylene polymerization at 0.4 MPa using these complexes and dried modified methylaluminoxane (dMMAO) as a cocatalyst yielded linear polyethylene (PE) with a melting point of 128°C–136°C; the polymerization activity reached up to 64 kg/mol (Zr)·h·bar at 70°C.
Regioselective [3 + 2] Cycloaddition Between Ynamides and Pyridine‐N‐Aminides Catalyzed by PicAuCl2 Anchored Onto SBA‐15
Authors: Song Boling , Liu Siqi , Cai Mingzhong , Wei Li
Published: December 2024

A dichloro(2‐pyridinecarboxylato)gold complex anchored on SBA‐15 (SBA‐15‐PicAuCl2) was conveniently prepared through the addition reaction between triethoxy(3‐isocyanatopropyl)silane and dichloro(3‐hydroxy‐2‐pyridinecarboxylato)gold complex and subsequent condensation with SBA‐15. The new heterogenized PicAuCl2 complex was fully characterized by using various analytic methods. In the existence of 5 mol% of SBA‐15‐PicAuCl2, the regioselective [3 + 2] cycloaddition reaction between ynamides and pyridine‐N‐aminides proceeded in toluene at 100°C for 1–24 h to deliver a wide array of functionalized trisubstituted 1,3‐oxazoles in 57%–95% yields. Ynamides with alkyl, benzyl, and aryl substituents as well as different sulfonyl groups at the nitrogen atom and the oxazolidinone‐derived ynamides were well‐tolerated. A wide range of pyridine‐N‐aminides bearing aroyl, naphthoyl, furoyl, vinylcarbonyl, alkylcarbonyl, and methoxycarbonyl were also allowed in the reaction. Moreover, SBA‐15‐PicAuCl2 is easy to recover through a simple centrifugation and recyclable at least seven cycles with only a slight drop in catalytic activity.
Photophysical and Docking Studies of Schiff Base Coupled Silane: A Probe for Sn2+ Detection and PI3Kα Inhibitor for Cancer Treatment
Authors: Singh Gurjaspreet , Tamana  , Khurana Sumesh , Mithun  , Sharma Devina , Markan Pallavi , Diskit Tsering , Parul  , Singh K. N.
Published: December 2024

Cancer, a leading cause of death globally, necessitates clinical research to develop effective solutions to reduce mortality rates. Currently, scientists are focusing on two prominent topics in cancer treatment: the presence of Sn2+ in cells and the inhibition of the phosphoinositide 3‐kinase enzyme (PI3Kα). In this study, Schiff base‐coupled silane 7a {C26H35N5O6Si (M + H+ = 540.53)} has been synthesized that could detect Sn2+, which in trace amounts can help prevent cancer, and it also inhibits PI3Kα enzyme, thereby preventing the rapid proliferation of cancer cells. The detection limit and binding constant calculated via Fluorescence studies were found to be 3.46 × 10−8 M and 9.4 × 104 M−1, respectively. The value of inhibition constant of silane for PI3Kα enzyme was also found to be 2.52 nM via molecular docking.
Campos sets precedents in athletics administration
Authors: Elfman Lois
Published: December 2024

Throughout her seven years as Vice President for Intercollegiate Athletics at the University of Texas at San Antonio, Lisa Campos, Ed.D., has propelled the athletics department to a new level. Her comprehensive strategic plan, the Roadrunner Game Plan, created a culture of excellence for student‐athletes and intensified interest in the San Antonio community.
The Role of Augmented Reality Experiences in Consumers' Purchase Intention Toward New Products
Authors: Ambika Anupama , Jain Varsha , Belk Russell , Kasilingam Dharun , Krishna Rajneesh
Published: December 2024

Augmented reality marketing (ARM) is rapidly emerging as a critical marketing channel to enhance consumer experiences. In the past, researchers have focused on ARM's varied antecedents, mechanisms, and outcomes. However, this study aims to deepen the knowledge by exploring how ARM experiences can drive unique outcomes. Based on the TEAV model of consumption experience, we followed a mixed methods approach, utilizing the data from 22 interview participants and 711 survey respondents, analyzed through PLS‐SEM. The findings indicate that ARM facilitates cognitive, affective, and co‐creation experiences, influencing the purchase intention toward new variants of familiar products. The study's insights establish the role of technology in enabling new experiences and influencing consumption behaviors. The findings expand the academic understanding of the unique outcomes of ARM experiences. Brands, retailers, and marketers can use this research to boost revenue and image by encouraging ARM‐enabled experiences and purchases.
Novel Heterogeneous Pd Catalysts for Cross‐Coupling Reactions in Biocompatible Media: Structural Insights from Solid‐State NMR Techniques
Authors: Wissel Till , Rösler Lorenz , Brodrecht Martin , Höfler Mark V. , Herr Kevin , de Oliveira Marcos , Klimavicius Vytautas , Ebert Martin , Breitzke Hergen , Hoffmann Markus , Buntkowsky Gerd , Gutmann Torsten
Published: December 2024

Novel SBA‐15‐supported heterogeneous catalysts are synthesized and applied in the Mizoroki–Heck and the Suzuki–Miyaura cross‐coupling reactions in green solvents like PEG or water. The structural properties of the products after each synthesis step are monitored by different analytics. The amount of amine/carboxyl groups and vanillin/histidine methyl ester and thermal stability are determined by TGA and elemental analysis, while ICP‐OES delivered the amount of palladium of the catalysts. The morphology is investigated by SEM and XPS and confirms the presence of coordinated palladium in the zero‐oxidation state. Gas adsorption analysis is conducted, which indicates the presence of palladium clusters in one of the two catalysts, which is underlined by BSE images combined with EDX. A detailed 13C ssNMR and DNP‐enhanced 15N ssNMR spectral analysis is presented, which provides ultimate proof of the successful syntheses of the catalysts. The coordination of the palladium onto the carrier material is shown by combining the NMR spectral results with the results of the other analytics. First catalytic tests show for the Mizoroki–Heck reaction yields up to nearly 100% and for the Suzuki‐Miyaura up to 88% in the presence of PEG and water, respectively.
Lifetime asthma incidence is related to age at onset and allergies in western Sweden
Authors: Abohalaka Reshed , Ercan Selin , Lehtimäki Lauri , Ekerljung Linda , Backman Helena , Uslu Fatma Zehra , Ermis Saliha Selin Ozuygur , Rådinger Madeleine , Nwaru Bright I. , Kankaanranta Hannu
Published: December 2024

Although asthma is more frequently diagnosed in childhood, a substantial proportion of cases manifests in adulthood. Nonetheless, few studies have comprehensively examined asthma incidence across different ages, genders, and asthma phenotypes. We conducted a retrospective evaluation of asthma incidence from birth to late adulthood, stratified by age, gender, and the presence or absence of allergies. Our analysis indicates that a significant number of asthma cases emerged in adulthood, particularly among middle‐aged women, with adult‐onset asthma surpassing childhood‐onset asthma after the age of 35 years. Additionally, allergic asthma was more common in younger than older individuals but decreases with age, ultimately leading to a higher proportion of non‐allergic asthma in older than younger individuals. These findings underscore the predominance of adult‐onset asthma among females and confirm the majority of allergic asthma in children, which declines with age. Additionally, increasing age is associated with increased incidence of non‐allergic asthma. Asthma heterogeneity should be considered in both clinical management and research.
Barriers and Facilitators for Bringing Model‐Informed Precision Dosing to the Patient's Bedside: A Systematic Review
Authors: Dibbets Anna Caroline , Koldeweij Charlotte , Osinga Esra P. , Scheepers Hubertina C. J. , de Wildt Saskia N.
Published: December 2024

Model‐informed precision dosing (MIPD) utilizes mathematical models to predict optimal medication doses for a specific patient or patient population. However, the factors influencing the implementation of MIPD have not been fully elucidated, hindering its widespread use in clinical practice. A systematic review was conducted in PubMed from inception to December 2022, aiming to identify barriers and facilitators for the implementation of MIPD into patient care. Articles with a focus on implementation of MIPD were eligible for this review. After screening titles and abstracts, full articles investigating the clinical implementation of MIPD were included for data extraction. Of 790 records identified, 15 publications were included. A total of 72 barriers and facilitators across seven categories were extracted through a hybrid thematic analysis. Barriers comprised limited data for model validation, unclear regulatory pathways for model endorsement and additional drug level measurements required for certain types of MIPD. Facilitators encompassed the development of user‐friendly MIPD tools continuously updated based on user feedback and data. Collaborative efforts among diverse stakeholders for model validation and implementation, along with education of end‐users, may promote the utilization of MIPD in patient care. Despite ongoing challenges, this systematic review revealed various strategies to facilitate the clinical implementation of MIPD.
Determinants and consequences of environmental, social and governance controversies. Status quo and limitations of recent empirical quantitative research
Authors: Bel‐Oms Inmaculada
Published: December 2024

The environmental, social and governance (ESG) controversies, defined as a bad behavior which calling into question the commitment to the firm under the media and capture the attention of investors causing conflicts with sustainable business practices, has received increasing attention from academics of several fields. A literature review methodology is used to reviews articles selected from the Scopus and Web of Science databases from 2018 to 2024. Using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and the bibliometric techniques, with the goal of mapping the intellectual landscape of the field and indicating the key issues shaping its current development. This paper is to conduct quantitative bibliometric analysis with several research factors, such as authors, citations, journals, countries, and regions, using techniques with improve the visualization of bibliometric analysis. Furthermore, this review provides a conceptual framework of the ESG controversies to obtain their drivers and reveal the consequences companies face after ESG controversies. This manuscript concludes by discussing implications of the literature analysis and providing some opportunities for future research. This research provides to the understanding of the ESG controversies context and shows insights for future lines of research.
Financial sustainability in the context of ESG disclosure: A comprehensive analysis of Chinese‐listed firms
Authors: Hossain Muhammad Istiaque , Qi Baolei , Marie Mohamed , Omran Mohamed , Chen Yucheng
Published: December 2024

This study examines the pivotal role of environmental, social and governance (ESG) disclosure in the financial sustainability of Chinese‐listed companies, addressing a significant gap in the literature regarding the impact of corporate governance mechanisms on this relationship. Utilising a comprehensive dataset spanning from 2009 to 2021, the findings indicate that while ESG disclosure generally enhances financial sustainability, the quality of audits and the independence of boards significantly weaken this relationship by increasing transparency and mitigating managerial opportunism. The robustness of these results has been confirmed through rigorous testing. The study underscores the importance of integrating corporate governance mechanisms into firms' ESG disclosure strategies, aligning with stakeholder theory to optimise financial sustainability. This research provides theoretical and practical contributions by deepening the understanding of governance factors in ESG reporting and their strategic influence on long‐term corporate financial health.
Tailoring Binder Molecular Weight to Enhance Slurry‐Cast NMC Cathodes for Sulfide Solid‐State Batteries
Authors: Li Yuanshun , Kim Chanho , Williams Ella , Su YiFeng , Nanda Jagjit , Yang Guang
Published: December 2024

We demonstrate for the first time the critical influence of binder molecular weight on the performance of slurry‐cast lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxide (NMC) cathodes in sulfide‐based all‐solid‐state batteries (SSBs). SSBs are increasingly recognized as a safer and potentially more efficient alternative to traditional Li‐ion batteries, owing to the superior ionic conductivities and inherent safety features of sulfide solid electrolytes. However, the integration of high‐voltage NMC cathodes with sheet‐type sulfide solid electrolytes presents significant fabrication challenges. Our findings reveal that higher molecular weight binders not only enhance the discharge capacity and cycle life of these cathodes but also ensure robust adhesion and structural integrity. By optimizing binder molecular weights, we effectively shield the active materials from degradation and mechanical stress, significantly boosting the functionality and longevity of SSBs. These results underscore the paramount importance of binder properties in advancing the practical application of high‐performance all‐solid‐state batteries.
Investigation of left ventricular ejection fraction in a Swiss heart failure population: Insights into mortality and sex differences
Authors: Fuentes Artiles Rubén , Meçani Renald , Muka Taulant , Hunziker Lukas , Capék Lukas
Published: December 2024

Aims

Understanding heart failure (HF) characteristics is essential to improve patient outcomes. Categorizing HF beyond left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) is challenging due to heterogeneous clinical presentation and aetiologies. Despite global studies on HF, the role of LVEF on mortality remains controversial. We explored the association of LVEF with mortality, considering sex differences and comorbidities in a cohort from the largest tertiary cardiovascular centre in Switzerland.

Methods

HF patients admitted to the University Hospital of Bern from January 2015 to December 2019 were evaluated. LVEF was used to classify patients into HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), HF with mid‐range ejection fraction (HFmrEF) and HF with reduced preserved ejection fraction (HFrEF) categories. Cox proportional hazard models and time‐stratified analyses adjusted for potential confounders were employed.

Results

A total of 5824 HF patients were included, and 2912 died over a median follow‐up time of 3.39 years. Mortality rates across LVEF categories showed no significant differences, while overall, women showed significantly higher mortality; 30 day mortality was lower in the HFpEF category [hazard ratio (HR) 0.67, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.52–0.88, P = 0.003], with persistent effects upon stratification in males (HR 0.59, 95% CI: 0.42–0.81, P < 0.001) and non‐diabetics (HR 0.62, 95% CI: 0.44–0.87, P = 0.005). An isolated reduction in HFpEF mortality was observed in females after 1 year (HR 0.72, 95% CI: 0.53–0.98, P = 0.035).

Conclusions

The prognostic role of LVEF on all‐cause mortality remains unclear, while differences in mortality rate distribution between women and men mirror established HF pathophysiological sex differences. Future HF studies should focus on HF aetiology and include measures beyond LVEF for comprehensive characterization.
Physical Similarity Simulation of Closely Stacked Coal Seams Mined in Faulted Geological Environments: A Comprehensive Experimental Investigation
Authors: Zhao Yapeng , Kong Liang , Hu Gaowei , Zhang Peisen , Ji Yunkai
Published: December 2024

The mining of closely stacked coal seams can be associated with complex stress fields, which makes mining difficult. In addition, closely stacked coal seams often coexist with faults and confined aquifers, further complicating mining activities. However, the study of closely stacked coal seams under complex geological conditions with faults (confined water) is very rare. In this study, an experimental approach was adopted to investigate the stress field and displacement field in rocks associated with closely stacked coal mining activity (complex geological conditions with faults and confined water). The materials used in the laboratory had similar physical properties to those present in the mining environment. The results showed that the overlying rock structure has three structural types and three caving forms. When the lower coal seam is mined, the collapse of the overlying strata is characterized by “caving with digging,” “no obvious periodic pressure step,” and “it is difficult to form a beam structure.” Faults function as a stress barrier, which makes it difficult for abutment pressure to cross a fault zone and form a stress concentration near the fault zone. When mining in faulted strata with confined water, there are three areas prone to water inrush, namely near the intersection with the fault zone and coal pillar, the boundary between the coal pillar and goaf, and the middle of the goaf. The research results are of great significance to the mining of closely stacked coal seams under complex geological conditions.
High‐risk cytogenetic abnormalities in multiple myeloma: PETHEMA‐GEM experience
Authors: González‐Calle Veronica , Rodriguez‐Otero Paula , Calasanz Maria J. , Guijarro Manuela , Martínez‐López Joaquin , Rosiñol Laura , Hernández Miguel T. , Teruel Ana I. , Gironella Mercedes , Oriol Albert , de la Rubia Javier , González‐Rodríguez Ana P. , Bargay Joan , de Arriba Felipe , Palomera Luis , González‐Pérez Marta‐Sonia , Sureda Anna , Ocio Enrique , Lahuerta Juan J. , Bladé Joan , San Miguel Jesus F. , Mateos Maria V. , Gutiérrez Norma C.
Published: December 2024

This study examines the impact of cytogenetic abnormalities and their co‐segregation on the prognosis of newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients. The analysis included 1304 patients from four different GEM‐PETHEMA clinical trials. Genetic alterations, such as t(4;14), t(14;16), del(17p), +1q, and del(1p), were investigated using FISH on CD38 purified plasma cells. The frequency of genetic alterations detected were as follows: del(17p) in 8%, t(4;14) in 12%, t(14;16) in 3%, +1q in 43%, and del(1p) in 8%. The median follow‐up was 61 months, and the median progression‐free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were 44 months and not reached, respectively. Consistent with previous reports, the presence of t(4;14) was associated with shorter PFS and OS. In our series, the presence of t(14;16) did not impact survival, maybe due to limitations in sample size. Del(17p) was linked to poor prognosis using a cut‐off level of ≥20% positive cells, without any impact of higher cut‐off in prognosis, except for patients with clonal fraction ≥80% who had a dismal outcome. Cosegregation of cytogenetic abnormalities patients worsened the prognosis in t(4;14) patients but not in patients with del(17p), which retained its adverse prognosis even as a solitary abnormality. Gain(1q) was associated with significantly shorter PFS and OS, while del(1p) affected PFS but not OS. Nevertheless, when co‐segregation was eliminated, the detrimental effect of +1q or del(1p) was no longer observed. In conclusion, this study confirms the prognostic significance of high‐risk cytogenetic abnormalities in MM and highlights the importance of considering co‐occurrence for accurate prognosis assessment.
IL‐17A Mediates Depressive‐Like Symptoms by Inducing Microglia Activation in Psoriasiform Dermatitis Mice
Authors: Dou Yue , You Jingjing , Wang Jing , Li Xinxin , Lin Yawen , Liu Bin , Ma Lei
Published: December 2024

Background

Psoriasis is recognized as a systemic disease for its accompanying comorbidities, among which psychological disorders present a high incidence rate and affect patients’ life quality. Interleukin (IL)‐17A is the central pathological factor in the pathogenesis and development of psoriasis.

Objective

To clarify if psoriasis‐induced systemic IL‐17A increase can mediate the neuronal inflammation and result in depressive‐like symptoms.

Methods

Psoriasiform dermatitis model was established by imiquimod (IMQ) application on male BALB/c mice and IL‐17A intervention was performed by lateral ventricular catheterization. Skin structural, histopathological characteristics, and behavioral tests were assessed. Serum IL‐17A levels were detected by Enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. mRNA expression of pro‐inflammatory factors IL‐1β, IL‐6, and tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) as well as anti‐inflammatory factors IL‐4 and IL‐10 in the hippocampus and cortex were measured by RT‐qPCR. The number of microglia and hippocampal neurons was quantified by immunofluorescent assay.

Results

IMQ treatment resulted in significant skin structural and histopathological characters of psoriasiform dermatitis with elevated serum IL‐17A levels, obvious depressive‐like behaviors, microglia activation with increased IL‐1β, IL‐6, and TNF‐α expression levels in the hippocampus and cortex, and notable inhibition of hippocampal neurogenesis. While, IL‐17A neutralization by intracerebroventricular injection of anti‐IL‐17A antibody can remarkably inhibit microglia activation and decrease the abnormally increased expression levels of IL‐1β, IL‐6, and TNF‐α in the hippocampus and cortex of psoriasiform dermatitis mice, promote hippocampal neurogenesis, thus alleviate the depressive‐like behaviors.

Conclusion

In the pathological condition of psoriasis, systemic IL‐17A elevation can trigger microglia activation, provoke pro‐inflammation mediators to release, evoke neuroinflammation, subsequently inhibit hippocampal neurogenesis, and result in depression. IL‐17A, as an important pathogenic factor in psoriasis, contributes to its critical role in mediating systemic inflammation and depression comorbidity.