bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aerosol jet printing of piezoelectric surface acoustic wave thermometer
Authors: McKibben Nicholas , Ryel Blake , Manzi Jacob , Muramutsa Florent , Daw Joshua , Subbaraman Harish , Estrada David , Deng Zhangxian
Published: May 2023

Surface acoustic wave (SAW) devices are a subclass of micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) that generate an acoustic emission when electrically stimulated. These transducers also work as detectors, converting surface strain into readable electrical signals. Physical properties of the generated SAW are material dependent and influenced by external factors like temperature. By monitoring temperature-dependent scattering parameters a SAW device can function as a thermometer to elucidate substrate temperature. Traditional fabrication of SAW sensors requires labor- and cost- intensive subtractive processes that produce large volumes of hazardous waste. This study utilizes an innovative aerosol jet printer to directly write consistent, high-resolution, silver comb electrodes onto a Y-cut LiNbO3 substrate. The printed, two-port, 20 MHz SAW sensor exhibited excellent linearity and repeatability while being verified as a thermometer from 25 to 200 ∘C. Sensitivities of the printed SAW thermometer are $$-96.9\times 1{0{}^{-6}}^{\circ }$$

−
96.9
×
1

0

−
6

∘

C−1 and $$-92.0\times 1{0{}^{-6}}^{\circ }$$

−
92.0
×
1

0

−
6

∘

C−1 when operating in pulse-echo mode and pulse-receiver mode, respectively. These results highlight a repeatable path to the additive fabrication of compact high-frequency SAW thermometers.
Curriculum and assessment tool for less invasive surfactant administration: an international Delphi consensus study
Authors: Breindahl Niklas , Tolsgaard Martin G. , Henriksen Tine B. , Roehr Charles C. , Szczapa Tomasz , Gagliardi Luigi , Vento Maximo , Støen Ragnhild , Bohlin Kajsa , van Kaam Anton H. , Klotz Daniel , Durrmeyer Xavier , Han Tongyan , Katheria Anup C. , Dargaville Peter A. , Aunsholt Lise
Published: May 2023

Background

Training and assessment of operator competence for the less invasive surfactant administration (LISA) procedure vary. This study aimed to obtain international expert consensus on LISA training (LISA curriculum (LISA-CUR)) and assessment (LISA assessment tool (LISA-AT)).

Methods

From February to July 2022, an international three-round Delphi process gathered opinions from LISA experts (researchers, curriculum developers, and clinical educators) on a list of items to be included in a LISA-CUR and LISA-AT (Round 1). The experts rated the importance of each item (Round 2). Items supported by more than 80% consensus were included. All experts were asked to approve or reject the final LISA-CUR and LISA-AT (Round 3).

Results

A total of 153 experts from 14 countries participated in Round 1, and the response rate for Rounds 2 and 3 was >80%. Round 1 identified 44 items for LISA-CUR and 22 for LISA-AT. Round 2 excluded 15 items for the LISA-CUR and 7 items for the LISA-AT. Round 3 resulted in a strong consensus (99–100%) for the final 29 items for the LISA-CUR and 15 items for the LISA-AT.

Conclusions

This Delphi process established an international consensus on a training curriculum and content evidence for the assessment of LISA competence.

Impact

This international consensus-based expert statement provides content on a curriculum for the less invasive surfactant administration procedure (LISA-CUR) that may be partnered with existing evidence-based strategies to optimize and standardize LISA training in the future.

This international consensus-based expert statement also provides content on an assessment tool for the LISA procedure (LISA-AT) that can help to evaluate competence in LISA operators. The proposed LISA-AT enables standardized, continuous feedback and assessment until achieving proficiency.
p53-dependent DNA repair during the DNA damage response requires actin nucleation by JMY
Authors: Rodriguez-Pastrana Ignacio , Birli Eleni , Coutts Amanda S.
Published: May 2023

The tumour suppressor p53 is a nuclear transcription factor with key roles during DNA damage to enable a variety of cellular responses including cell cycle arrest, apoptosis and DNA repair. JMY is an actin nucleator and DNA damage-responsive protein whose sub-cellular localisation is responsive to stress and during DNA damage JMY undergoes nuclear accumulation. To gain an understanding of the wider role for nuclear JMY in transcriptional regulation, we performed transcriptomics to identify JMY-mediated changes in gene expression during the DNA damage response. We show that JMY is required for effective regulation of key p53 target genes involved in DNA repair, including XPC, XRCC5 (Ku80) and TP53I3 (PIG3). Moreover, JMY depletion or knockout leads to increased DNA damage and nuclear JMY requires its Arp2/3-dependent actin nucleation function to promote the clearance of DNA lesions. In human patient samples a lack of JMY is associated with increased tumour mutation count and in cells results in reduced cell survival and increased sensitivity to DNA damage response kinase inhibition. Collectively, we demonstrate that JMY enables p53-dependent DNA repair under genotoxic stress and suggest a role for actin in JMY nuclear activity during the DNA damage response.
MBD2 facilitates tumor metastasis by mitigating DDB2 expression
Authors: Zhang Lei , Wang Siyuan , Wu Guo-Rao , Yue Huihui , Dong Ruihan , Zhang Shu , Yu Qilin , Yang Ping , Zhao Jianping , Zhang Huilan , Yu Jun , Yuan Xianglin , Xiong Weining , Yang Xiangliang , Yong Tuying , Wang Cong-Yi
Published: May 2023

Despite past extensive studies, the pathoetiologies underlying tumor metastasis remain poorly understood, which renders its treatment largely unsuccessful. The methyl-CpG-binding domain 2 (MBD2), a “reader” to interpret DNA methylome-encoded information, has been noted to be involved in the development of certain types of tumors, while its exact impact on tumor metastasis remains elusive. Herein we demonstrated that patients with LUAD metastasis were highly correlated with enhanced MBD2 expression. Therefore, knockdown of MBD2 significantly attenuated the migration and invasion of LUAD cells (A549 and H1975 cell lines) coupled with attenuated epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT). Moreover, similar results were observed in other types of tumor cells (B16F10). Mechanistically, MBD2 selectively bound to the methylated CpG DNA within the DDB2 promoter, by which MBD2 repressed DDB2 expression to promote tumor metastasis. As a result, administration of MBD2 siRNA-loaded liposomes remarkably suppressed EMT along with attenuated tumor metastasis in the B16F10 tumor-bearing mice. Collectively, our study indicates that MBD2 could be a promising prognostic marker for tumor metastasis, while administration of MBD2 siRNA-loaded liposomes could be a viable therapeutic approach against tumor metastasis in clinical settings.
CHRM4/AKT/MYCN upregulates interferon alpha-17 in the tumor microenvironment to promote neuroendocrine differentiation of prostate cancer
Authors: Wen Yu-Ching , Tram Van Thi Ngoc , Chen Wei-Hao , Li Chien-Hsiu , Yeh Hsiu-Lien , Thuy Dung Phan Vu , Jiang Kuo-Ching , Li Han-Ru , Huang Jiaoti , Hsiao Michael , Chen Wei-Yu , Liu Yen-Nien
Published: May 2023

Current treatment options for prostate cancer focus on targeting androgen receptor (AR) signaling. Inhibiting effects of AR may activate neuroendocrine differentiation and lineage plasticity pathways, thereby promoting the development of neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC). Understanding the regulatory mechanisms of AR has important clinical implications for this most aggressive type of prostate cancer. Here, we demonstrated the tumor-suppressive role of the AR and found that activated AR could directly bind to the regulatory sequence of muscarinic acetylcholine receptor 4 (CHRM4) and downregulate its expression. CHRM4 was highly expressed in prostate cancer cells after androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT). CHRM4 overexpression may drive neuroendocrine differentiation of prostate cancer cells and is associated with immunosuppressive cytokine responses in the tumor microenvironment (TME) of prostate cancer. Mechanistically, CHRM4-driven AKT/MYCN signaling upregulated the interferon alpha 17 (IFNA17) cytokine in the prostate cancer TME after ADT. IFNA17 mediates a feedback mechanism in the TME by activating the CHRM4/AKT/MYCN signaling-driven immune checkpoint pathway and neuroendocrine differentiation of prostate cancer cells. We explored the therapeutic efficacy of targeting CHRM4 as a potential treatment for NEPC and evaluated IFNA17 secretion in the TME as a possible predictive prognostic biomarker for NEPC.
Feasibility study of an automated Strabismus screening Test using Augmented Reality and Eye-tracking (STARE)
Authors: Nixon Nisha , Thomas Peter B. M. , Jones Pete R.
Published: May 2023

Background

New digital technologies (augmented reality headsets, eye-tracking) may potentially allow for automated assessments of ocular misalignment. Here, we evaluate the feasibility of a novel, open-source strabismus test (“STARE”) as an automated screening tool.

Methods

Work progressed in 2 phases. In phase 1 (“development”), we used Fresnel prisms to elicit horizontal misalignments of known magnitude (1–40 prism dioptres) in orthotropic controls. In phase 2 (“validation”), we applied the system to adults with an established diagnosis of strabismus, and quantified the ability of the test to distinguish between those with horizontal misalignment and those without. Agreement between the alternate prism cover test measurements and STARE measurements was computed using Bland–Altman plots and product-moment correlation coefficients.

Results

Seven orthotropic controls and nineteen patients with strabismus were recruited (mean age 58.7 ± 22.4 years). STARE was able to identify the presence of horizontal strabismus with an area under the curve of 1.00 (100% sensitivity and 100% specificity). The mean difference (bias) {95% CI} was 2.1 {−1.8, 9.9} prism dioptres, and the 95% coefficient of repeatability {95% CI} was ±27.9 {14.8, 50.8} prism dioptres. The Pearson correlation between APCT and STARE was r24 = 0.62, P < 0.001.

Conclusions

STARE shows promise as a simple, automated tool for performing a screening assessment of strabismus. It is a rapid (60 s) test that can be performed using a consumer augmented reality headset with integrated eye-tracking, and might conceivably be used remotely by non-specialists in future as a means of highlighting individuals needing face-to-face specialist care.
SEL1L–HRD1 endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation controls STING-mediated innate immunity by limiting the size of the activable STING pool
Authors: Ji Yewei , Luo Yuan , Wu Yating , Sun Yao , Zhao Lianfeng , Xue Zhen , Sun Mengqi , Wei Xiaoqiong , He Zinan , Wu Shuangcheng Alivia , Lin Liangguang Leo , Lu You , Chang Lei , Chen Fei , Chen Siyu , Qian Wei , Xu Xiaoxi , Chen Shengnuo , Pan Dongli , Zhou Zhangsen , Xia Sheng , Hu Chih-Chi Andrew , Liang Tingbo , Qi Ling
Published: May 2023

Stimulator of interferon genes (STING) orchestrates the production of proinflammatory cytokines in response to cytosolic double-stranded DNA; however, the pathophysiological significance and molecular mechanism underlying the folding and maturation of nascent STING protein at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) remain unknown. Here we report that the SEL1L–HRD1 protein complex—the most conserved branch of ER-associated degradation (ERAD)—is a negative regulator of the STING innate immunity by ubiquitinating and targeting nascent STING protein for proteasomal degradation in the basal state. SEL1L or HRD1 deficiency in macrophages specifically amplifies STING signalling and immunity against viral infection and tumour growth. Mechanistically, nascent STING protein is a bona fide substrate of SEL1L–HRD1 in the basal state, uncoupled from ER stress or its sensor inositol-requiring enzyme 1α. Hence, our study not only establishes a key role of SEL1L–HRD1 ERAD in innate immunity by limiting the size of the activable STING pool, but identifies a regulatory mechanism and therapeutic approach to targeting STING.
Efficient prime editing in mouse brain, liver and heart with dual AAVs
Authors: Davis Jessie R. , Banskota Samagya , Levy Jonathan M. , Newby Gregory A. , Wang Xiao , Anzalone Andrew V. , Nelson Andrew T. , Chen Peter J. , Hennes Andrew D. , An Meirui , Roh Heejin , Randolph Peyton B. , Musunuru Kiran , Liu David R.
Published: May 2023

Realizing the promise of prime editing for the study and treatment of genetic disorders requires efficient methods for delivering prime editors (PEs) in vivo. Here we describe the identification of bottlenecks limiting adeno-associated virus (AAV)-mediated prime editing in vivo and the development of AAV-PE vectors with increased PE expression, prime editing guide RNA stability and modulation of DNA repair. The resulting dual-AAV systems, v1em and v3em PE-AAV, enable therapeutically relevant prime editing in mouse brain (up to 42% efficiency in cortex), liver (up to 46%) and heart (up to 11%). We apply these systems to install putative protective mutations in vivo for Alzheimer’s disease in astrocytes and for coronary artery disease in hepatocytes. In vivo prime editing with v3em PE-AAV caused no detectable off-target effects or significant changes in liver enzymes or histology. Optimized PE-AAV systems support the highest unenriched levels of in vivo prime editing reported to date, facilitating the study and potential treatment of diseases with a genetic component.
Prevalence and risk factors of burden among caregivers of older emergency department patients
Authors: Zaalberg Tessel , Barten Dennis G. , van Heugten Caroline M. , Klijnsma Petra , Knarren Lieve , Hiemstra Ytje , Kurvers Roel A. J. , Lekx Anita W. , Mooijaart Simon P. , Janssen-Heijnen Maryska
Published: May 2023

The number of older individuals that live independently at home is rising. These older individuals often rely on caregivers who have a similar age and health status. Therefore, caregivers may experience a high burden. We determined the prevalence and associating factors of burden among caregivers of older patients in the emergency department (ED). A cross-sectional study of primary caregivers of patients aged ≥ 70 years visiting the ED of a Dutch teaching hospital was performed. Structured interviews were conducted with patients and their caregivers. Caregiver burden was measured using the caregiver strain index (CSI). Additionally, data from questionnaires and medical records were extracted to determine potential associating factors. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were conducted to identify independent determinants for burden. Seventy-eight caregivers (39%) experienced a high burden. Multivariate analysis showed a significant association between high caregiver burden and patients with cognitive impairment or dependency for instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) and more self-reported hours of care per day. Almost 40% of older patients in the ED have a caregiver who experiences a high burden. Formal assessment in the ED may help provide adequate care to the patients and their caregivers.
Exercise with a wearable hip-assist robot improved physical function and walking efficiency in older adults
Authors: Lee Su-Hyun , Kim Jihye , Lim Bokman , Lee Hwang-Jae , Kim Yun-Hee
Published: May 2023

Wearable assistive robotics has emerged as a promising technology to supplement or replace motor functions and to retrain people recovering from an injury or living with reduced mobility. We developed delayed output feedback control for a wearable hip-assistive robot, the EX1, to provide gait assistance. Our purpose in this study was to investigate the effects of long-term exercise with EX1 on gait, physical function, and cardiopulmonary metabolic energy efficiency in elderly people. This study used parallel experimental (exercise with EX1) and control groups (exercise without EX1). A total of 60 community-dwelling elderly persons participated in 18 exercise intervention sessions during 6 weeks, and all participants were assessed at 5 time points: before exercise, after 9 exercise sessions, after 18 sessions, and 1 month and 3 months after the last session. The spatiotemporal gait parameters, kinematics, kinetics, and muscle strength of the trunk and lower extremities improved more after exercise with EX1 than in that without EX1. Furthermore, the effort of muscles over the trunk and lower extremities throughout the total gait cycle (100%) significantly decreased after exercise with EX1. The net metabolic energy costs during walking significantly improved, and functional assessment scores improved more in the experimental group than in the control group. Our findings provide evidence supporting the application of EX1 in physical activity and gait exercise is effective to improve age-related declines in gait, physical function, and cardiopulmonary metabolic efficiency among older adults.
Synthesis of polyacene by using a metal–organic framework
Authors: Kitao Takashi , Miura Takumi , Nakayama Ryo , Tsutsui Yusuke , Chan Yee Seng , Hayashi Hironobu , Yamada Hiroko , Seki Shu , Hitosugi Taro , Uemura Takashi
Published: May 2023

The acene series, an important class of linearly polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, are of interest owing to their unique physicochemical features. With an increase in the number of fused benzene rings, acenes display an evolution of electronic structure and properties. Thus, efforts have been devoted to the synthesis of longer acenes, with dodecacene being the longest acene (12 fused benzene rings) reported to date. However, the formation of polymeric acenes with numerous benzene rings, namely polyacene, has yet to be realized. Herein, we present a methodology for the synthesis of polyacene mediated by a metal–organic framework. Nanoconfined synthesis of precursor polymers in the channels of the metal–organic framework and the subsequent dehydro-aromatization reaction produced polyacene that was overwhelmingly longer than the previously reported acenes. The scalable synthesis of polyacene allowed us to unveil the stability and electronic properties of polyacene, paving the way for their widespread applications in optoelectronic and magnetic devices.
Pope Francis, climate message, and meat tax: evidence from survey experiment in Italy
Authors: Mrchkovska Nela , Dolšak Nives , Prakash Aseem
Published: May 2023

The livestock sector accounts for 14.5% of global greenhouse emissions. Using an online survey experiment (n = 1200) in Italy, we examine respondents’ willingness to support a public petition for a meat tax sponsored by a nongovernmental organization (NGO) after priming them with information on the environmental impact of meat and an embedded moral message. Aiming to test whether institutional authority enhances the appeal of the moral message, we include Pope Francis (a religious authority) and a Professor of Philosophy (a secular authority) as the treatment frames along with a no-messenger (control) frame. Overall, support for meat tax is not significant in any of the treatment frames. However, highly religious individuals (those that practice and intensely believe in religion) across denominations and frames are more supportive of the meat tax. Moreover, we also find that there is a slight backlash among highly religious individuals when they receive the message with the Pope as messenger.
Prognostic early snapshot stratification of autism based on adaptive functioning
Authors: Mandelli Veronica , Landi Isotta , Busuoli Elena Maria , Courchesne Eric , Pierce Karen , Lombardo Michael V.
Published: May 2023

A major goal of precision medicine is to predict prognosis based on individualized information at the earliest possible points in development. Using early snapshots of adaptive functioning and unsupervised data-driven discovery methods, we uncover highly stable early autism subtypes that yield information relevant to later prognosis. Data from the National Institute of Mental Health Data Archive (NDA) (n = 1,098) was used to uncover three early subtypes (<72 months) that generalize with 96% accuracy. Outcome data from NDA (n = 2,561; mean age, 13 years) also reproducibly clusters into three subtypes with 99% generalization accuracy. Early snapshot subtypes predict developmental trajectories in non-verbal cognitive, language and motor domains and are predictive of membership in different adaptive functioning outcome subtypes. Robust and prognosis-relevant subtyping of autism based on early snapshots of adaptive functioning may aid future research work via prediction of these subtypes with our reproducible stratification model.
How great is the stabilization of crowded polyphenylbiphenyls by London dispersion?
Authors: R. A. C. Lima Carlos F. , Mague Joel T. , Du Yuchen , Pascal Robert A. , Santos Luís M. N. B. F.
Published: May 2023

Energetic analyses based on homodesmotic reactions show a surprising ability of crowded biphenyls to achieve significant stabilization through intramolecular dispersive interactions, which is underestimated even by state-of-the-art DFT calculations.
Hydrogen adsorption and diffusion through a two dimensional sheet of lithium: a first principles study
Authors: Roy Shrijan , Singh Prince , Yadav Kiran , Ray Nirat
Published: May 2023

Hydrogen adsorption and diffusion on a two dimensional buckled lithium sheet is studied for its potential in hydrogen storage and ultrathin sieves.
Polyphenolic condensation assembly enabled biocompatible, antioxidative, and light-colored tea sunscreen formulations with broadband UV protection
Authors: Tong Qiulan , Xiao Yue , Yi Zeng , Chen Xiangyu , Jiang Xian , Li Xudong
Published: May 2023

A biocompatible, antioxidative, and light-colored sunscreen with full-band absorption was prepared solely from naturally reproducible tea polyphenols by a facile and efficient strategy.
Chemical upcycling of poly(bisphenol A carbonate) to vinylene carbonates through organocatalysis
Authors: Onida Killian , Fayad Mohamad , Norsic Sébastien , Boyron Olivier , Duguet Nicolas
Published: May 2023

The chemical upcycling of poly(bisphenol A carbonate) was carried out through organocatalysis using α-hydroxyketones as nucleophiles, leading to valuable vinylene carbonates.
Cycloaddition of CO2 to epoxides “around water”: a strategy to apply and recycle efficient water-soluble bio-based organocatalysts in biphasic media
Authors: Theerathanagorn Tharinee , Vidal-López Anna , Comas-Vives Aleix , Poater Albert , D′ Elia Valerio
Published: May 2023

A biphasic reaction approach is presented for the cycloaddition of CO2 to epoxides where the catalyst is dissolved in water droplets and the reaction occurs at the aqueous–organic interface allowing easy recycling of the catalyst by decantation.
SCX-tip-aided LC-MS detection of active ricinviaoligonucleotide substrates for depurination kinetics
Authors: Yang Zhifang , Wang Chenyu , Xiao Lan , Wang Chuang , Tang Li , Guo Lei , Xie Jianwei
Published: May 2023

A SCX-tip sample pretreatment way facilitates a LC-TUV-QDa method for the measurement of active ricin and depurination kinetics, which successfully implementsex vitroricin cleavage toward oligo substrates at neutral pH for the first time.
An integrated microfluidic chip for nucleic acid extraction and continued cdPCR detection of pathogens
Authors: Huang Yaru , Gao Zehang , Ma Cong , Sun Yimeng , Huang Yuhang , Jia Chunping , Zhao Jianlong , Feng Shilun
Published: May 2023

This paper introduces an enclosed microfluidic chip that integrates sample preparation and the chamber-based digital polymerase chain reaction (cdPCR).
Sensing platform for nucleic-acid detection based on a 2-aminopurine probe sheared by trans-cleavage activity of the CRISPR/Cas12a system
Authors: Chen Xiaolong , Huang Chaowang , Hu Qiao , Zhang Jing , Wang Dan , You Qianyi , Hu Mingdong
Published: May 2023

A 2-AP probe is used to replace ssDNA-FQ in the classical CRISPR/Cas12 system, realizing the highly sensitive detection of nucleic acids by the CRISPR/Cas12 system with the screened 2-AP probe as a reporter.
Carbon black as a colorimetric label for an immunochromatographic test strip for severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus detection
Authors: Liu Hao , Ji Fang , Ding Shou-Nian
Published: May 2023

Carbon black was used for the first time in an ICTS for the detection of SFTSV in human serum. The LOD was 100 pg mL−1, an order of magnitude lower than that of the Au NP-based ICTS.
Trivalent metal ion sensor enabled bioimaging and quantification of vaccine-deposited Al3+in lysosomes
Authors: P. Kavyashree , Unniram Parambil Ajmal Roshan , Silswal Akshay , Pramanik Anup , Koner Apurba Lal
Published: May 2023

Rhodamine-based water-soluble trivalent metal ion sensors utilized for the detection and quantification of Al3+ deposited in lysosomes by aluminium adjuvant-containing vaccines.
Co(iii)-Catalyzed three-component assembling of N-(2-pyrimidyl) indoles with dienes and formaldehyde
Authors: Prusty Priyambada , Jeganmohan Masilamani
Published: May 2023

A highly regio- and chemoselective three-component assembling of N-pyrimidyl indoles with dienes and formaldehyde in the presence of a Co(iii)-catalyst is demonstrated.
Redox-neutral carbon–heteroatom bond formation under photoredox catalysis
Authors: Ghosh Sumit , Majumder Souvik , Ghosh Debashis , Hajra Alakananda
Published: May 2023

This feature article presents all the recent reports on photoredox-catalyzed redox-neutral carbon–heteroatom coupling reactions up to March 2023.
NBS-induced intramolecular annulation reactions for the divergent synthesis of fused- and spirocyclic indolines
Authors: Luo Xian , Xu Meng-Meng , Xu Xiao-Ping , Ji Shun-Jun
Published: May 2023

An NBS-induced intramolecular annulation of 3-(1H-indol-3-yl)-propanamide is described. The C2-substituents on indole ring have great influence upon the generation of fused- and spirocyclic indolines.
On the pairwise cocrystallization of racemic compounds
Authors: Zhou Fuli , Body Carole , Robeyns Koen , Leyssens Tom , Shemchuk Oleksii
Published: May 2023

In the field of crystallization-based chiral resolution, preferential crystallization is particularly interesting.
Correction: High-pressure and low-temperature structural study of claudetite I, a monoclinic layered As2O3 polymorph
Authors: Guńka Piotr A. , Hanfland Michael , Chen Yu-Sheng , Zachara Janusz
Published: May 2023

Correction for ‘High-pressure and low-temperature structural study of claudetite I, a monoclinic layered As2O3 polymorph’ by Piotr A. Guńka et al., CrystEngComm, 2021, 23, 638–644, https://doi.org/10.1039/D0CE01401J.
The effect of hetero-atoms on spin exchange coupling pathways (ECPs): a computational investigation
Authors: Shil Suranjan , Bhattacharya Debojit , Misra Anirban , Ortiz Yenni P. , Klein Douglas J.
Published: May 2023

Heteroatoms block the spin exchange through them. Magnetic exchange coupling can be enhanced by multiplying the exchange coupling pathways.
Spin-gapless van der Waals heterostructure for spin gating through magnetic injection devices
Authors: Zhang Xiaolin , Gong Pengwei , Liu Fangqi , Zhu Sicong
Published: May 2023

Spin-gapless semiconductors are novel magnetic zero-bandgap materials whose have great potential for high-speed and low-energy spintronics applications.
Polymorphism and phase transitions in Na2U2O7 from density functional perturbation theory
Authors: Weck Philippe F. , Jové-Colón Carlos F. , Kim Eunja
Published: May 2023

Polymorphism and phase transitions in sodium diuranate, Na2U2O7, are investigated with density functional perturbation theory (DFPT).
A {Cu6}-added polyoxometalate cluster–organic framework: synthesis, structure and application as a solid support for enzyme immobilization
Authors: Su Zhao-Min , Wang Yongchun , Xu Zhikun , Shang Wenhui , Jia Zhiyu , Yang Guo-Yu
Published: May 2023

A two-dimensional {Cu6}-added polyoxometalate cluster–organic framework was prepared and applied as a solid support for enzyme immobilization. The biocomposite complex exhibits higher stability and catalytic activity than the original free enzyme.
Dendrite-free zinc metal anodes enabled by electrolyte additive for high-performing aqueous zinc-ion batteries
Authors: Feng Wenjing , Liang Zengteng , Zhou Wei , Li Xingpeng , Wang Wenbo , Chi Yonglei , Liu Weidong , Gengzang Duojie , Zhang Guoheng , Chen Qiong , Wang Peiyu , Chen Wanjun , Zhang Shengguo
Published: May 2023

A simple and low-cost strategy for dendrite-free Zn ion batteries has been proposed by introducing NaHCO3into ZnSO4electrolyte.
A green strategy for recycling cathode materials from spent lithium-ion batteries using glutathione
Authors: Gu Kunhong , Gu Xingyuan , Wang Yongwei , Qin Wenqing , Han Junwei
Published: May 2023

This study proposed an eco-friendly GSH-based leaching system to recycle spent LIB cathode materials, with improved efficiency and safety, and reduced chemical reagent consumption. The regenerated cathode showed good performance and economic benefits.
Manufactured tissue-to-tissue barrier chip for modeling the human blood–brain barrier and regulation of cellular trafficking
Authors: Kim Jaehoon , Yoon Taehee , Kim Paul , Bekhbat Mandakh , Kang So Mang , Rho Hoon Suk , Ahn Song Ih , Kim YongTae
Published: May 2023

A micro-engineered physiological system-tissue barrier chip (MEPS-TBC) has been developed as a highly replicable model of the human blood–brain barrier (BBB) with a 3D perivascular space using tunable aspiration technique.
On the application of hydrodynamic cavitation on a chip in cellular injury and drug delivery
Authors: Namli Ilayda , Karavelioglu Zeynep , Sarraf Seyedali Seyedmirzaei , Aghdam Araz Sheibani , Varol Rahmetullah , Yilmaz Abdurrahim , Sahin Sevilay Burcu , Ozogul Beyzanur , Bozkaya Dila Naz , Acar Havva Funda , Uvet Huseyin , Çetinel Sibel , Kutlu Özlem , Ghorbani Morteza , Koşar Ali
Published: May 2023

Hydrodynamic cavitation (HC) is a phase change phenomenon, where energy release in a fluid occurs upon the collapse of bubbles, which form due to the low local pressures.
Introduction to biomass materials
Authors: Shofner Meisha L. , Tennyson Andrew G.
Published: May 2023

Guest Editors Meisha Shofner and Andrew Tennyson introduce the Materials Advances Biomass Materials themed collection.
Hierarchical CoMoS4 flakes with rich physico-electrochemical physiognomies for electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction
Authors: Sonia Yogesh Kumar , Srivastav Siddhant , Meher Sumanta Kumar
Published: May 2023

Flake-like CuMoS4 with low crystallinity and ample inter-sheet porosity possess novel physicoelectrochemical physiognomies for application in low-overpotential electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction with steady performance efficiency.
Photochemical fabrication of defect-abundant Pd/SnO2 with promoted performance for dioctyl phthalate gas sensing
Authors: Fu Yue , Li Chaozhong , Chen Xue , Liu Yidan , Wu Haocheng , Jia Rongrong , Shi Liyi , Yu Dongqi , Huang Lei
Published: May 2023

Pd/SnO2 with abundant defects was fabricated by photodeposition and was applied for highly selective sensing of dioctyl phthalate gas.
A green process for separation and recovery of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural from carboxylic acid–choline chloride deep eutectic solvents
Authors: Han Hui , Zhang Man , Zhu Yingming , Wu Kejing , Liu Yingying , Wang Binshen , Lu Houfang , Liang Bin
Published: May 2023

Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have the advantages of low cost, non-toxicity, and biodegradability for the catalytic conversion of fructose to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF).
Magnetic graphene noble metal aerogels: preparation and application for catalytic degradation of 4-NP
Authors: Li Danyi , Lin Lin , Lu Manli , Li Linfan , Li Jihao
Published: May 2023

In this work, the preparation of magnetic graphene noble metal aerogels (GA–Fe3O4–Au–ethanol) was realized by self-assembly induced by radiation reduction.
A simple preparation of a F-TiO2-HNT superamphiphobic surface with a tube-point-like micro/nano hierarchical structure for self-cleaning and anti-fouling
Authors: Si Wen , Wu Jun , Guo Zhiguang
Published: May 2023

A simple preparation of a F-TiO2-HNT superamphiphobic surface with a tube-point-like micro/nano hierarchical structure. The self-cleaning principle and hydrophobic mechanism of the surface were analyzed.
Stabilizing hydrogen-mediated sextuple bonds by quintuple superatomic bonding and a bond
Authors: Li Dan , Cheng Longjiu
Published: May 2023

Superatomic σs and bonds can coexist with less repulsion in quintuple bridging hydride compounds, thereby stabilizing sextuple bonding.
Thermal annealing effects on the mechanical properties of bio-based 3D printed thermosets
Authors: Cortés-Guzmán Karen P. , Parikh Ankit R. , Sparacin Marissa L. , Johnson Rebecca M. , Adegoke Lauren , Ecker Melanie , Voit Walter E. , Smaldone Ronald A.
Published: May 2023

3D printing technologies can address many sustainability aspects of creating new materials, such as reduced waste and on demand production, which reduces the carbon footprint of transport and storage.
Optimising the synthesis of LiNiO2: coprecipitation versus solid-state, and the effect of molybdenum doping
Authors: Price Jaime-Marie , Allan Phoebe , Slater Peter
Published: May 2023

A detailed study on the optimisation of the synthesis of LiNiO2 is reported, with further preliminary results showing improved performance on Mo doping.
Which insights can gas diffusion electrode half-cell experiments give into activity trends and transport phenomena of membrane electrode assemblies?
Authors: Schmitt Nicolai , Schmidt Mareike , Mueller Jonathan E. , Schmidt Lasse , Trabold Michael , Jeschonek Katharina , Etzold Bastian J. M.
Published: May 2023

This work highlights how the different environment of the catalyst in GDE and MEA evaluation results in different trends of catalyst layer activity towards the oxygen reduction reaction being observed with both techniques.
Pleiotropy of C1QL proteins across physiological systems and their emerging role in synapse homeostasis
Authors: Peña Palomino Perla A. , Black Kylie C. , Ressl Susanne
Published: May 2023

The C1q/TNF superfamily of proteins engages in a pleiotropy of physiological functions associated with various diseases. C1QL proteins demonstrate important protective and regulatory roles in the endocrine, immune, cardiovascular, and nervous systems in both human and rodent studies. Studies in the central nervous system (CNS), adipose, and muscle tissue reveal several C1QL protein and receptor pathways altering multiple cellular responses, including cell fusion, morphology, and adhesion. This review examines C1QL proteins across these systems, summarizing functional and disease associations and highlighting cellular responses based on in vitro and in vivo data, receptor interaction partners, and C1QL-associated protein signaling pathways. We highlight the functions of C1QL proteins in organizing CNS synapses, regulating synapse homeostasis, maintaining excitatory synapses, and mediating signaling and trans-synaptic connections. Yet, while these associations are known, present studies provide insufficient insight into the underlying molecular mechanism of their pleiotropy, including specific protein interactions and functional pathways. Thus, we suggest several areas for more in-depth and interdisciplinary hypothesis testing.
Redox-regulated chaperones in cell stress responses
Authors: Ulrich Kathrin
Published: May 2023

Proteostasis and redox homeostasis are tightly interconnected and most protein quality control pathways are under direct redox regulation which allow cells to immediately respond to oxidative stress conditions. The activation of ATP-independent chaperones serves as a first line of defense to counteract oxidative unfolding and aggregation of proteins. Conserved cysteine residues evolved as redox-sensitive switches which upon reversible oxidation induce substantial conformational rearrangements and the formation of chaperone-active complexes. In addition to harnessing unfolding proteins, these chaperone holdases interact with ATP-dependent chaperone systems to facilitate client refolding and restoring proteostasis during stress recovery. This minireview gives an insight into highly orchestrated mechanisms regulating the stress-specific activation and inactivation of redox-regulated chaperones and their role in cell stress responses.
The CD56−CD16+ NK cell subset in chronic infections
Authors: Cocker Alexander T.H. , Guethlein Lisbeth A. , Parham Peter
Published: May 2023

Long-term human diseases can shape the immune system, and natural killer (NK) cells have been documented to differentiate into distinct subsets specifically associated with chronic virus infections. One of these subsets found in large frequencies in HIV-1 are the CD56−CD16+ NK cells, and this population's association with chronic virus infections is the subject of this review. Human NK cells are classically defined by CD56 expression, yet increasing evidence supports the NK cell status of the CD56−CD16+ subset which we discuss herein. We then discuss the evidence linking CD56−CD16+ NK cells to chronic virus infections, and the potential immunological pathways that are altered by long-term infection that could be inducing the population's differentiation. An important aspect of NK cell regulation is their interaction with human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class-I molecules, and we highlight work that indicates both virus and genetic-mediated variations in HLA expression that have been linked to CD56−CD16+ NK cell frequencies. Finally, we offer a perspective on CD56−CD16+ NK cell function, taking into account recent work that implies the subset is comparable to CD56+CD16+ NK cell functionality in antibody-dependent cell cytotoxicity response, and the definition of CD56−CD16+ NK cell subpopulations with varying degranulation capacity against target cells.
The molecular mechanisms of human separase regulation
Authors: Yu Jun , Morgan David O. , Boland Andreas
Published: May 2023

Sister chromatid segregation is the final irreversible step of mitosis. It is initiated by a complex regulatory system that ultimately triggers the timely activation of a conserved cysteine protease named separase. Separase cleaves the cohesin protein ring that links the sister chromatids and thus facilitates their separation and segregation to the opposite poles of the dividing cell. Due to the irreversible nature of this process, separase activity is tightly controlled in all eukaryotic cells. In this mini-review, we summarize the latest structural and functional findings on the regulation of separase, with an emphasis on the regulation of the human enzyme by two inhibitors, the universal inhibitor securin and the vertebrate-specific inhibitor CDK1–cyclin B. We discuss the two fundamentally different inhibitory mechanisms by which these inhibitors block separase activity by occluding substrate binding. We also describe conserved mechanisms that facilitate substrate recognition and point out open research questions that will guide studies of this fascinating enzyme for years to come.
The multiple ubiquitination mechanisms in CFTR peripheral quality control
Authors: Taniguchi Shogo , Fukuda Ryosuke , Okiyoneda Tsukasa
Published: May 2023

The cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) is a cAMP-regulated anion channel, which is expressed on the apical plasma membrane (PM) of epithelial cells. Mutations in the CFTR gene cause cystic fibrosis (CF), one of the most common genetic diseases among Caucasians. Most CF-associated mutations result in misfolded CFTR proteins that are degraded by the endoplasmic reticulum quality control (ERQC) mechanism. However, the mutant CFTR reaching the PM through therapeutic agents is still ubiquitinated and degraded by the peripheral protein quality control (PeriQC) mechanism, resulting in reduced therapeutic efficacy. Moreover, certain CFTR mutants that can reach the PM under physiological conditions are degraded by PeriQC. Thus, it may be beneficial to counteract the selective ubiquitination in PeriQC to enhance therapeutic outcomes for CF. Recently, the molecular mechanisms of CFTR PeriQC have been revealed, and several ubiquitination mechanisms, including both chaperone-dependent and -independent pathways, have been identified. In this review, we will discuss the latest findings related to CFTR PeriQC and propose potential novel therapeutic strategies for CF.
The molecular mechanisms of the bacterial iron sensor IdeR
Authors: Marcos-Torres Francisco Javier , Juniar Linda , Griese Julia J.
Published: May 2023

Life came to depend on iron as a cofactor for many essential enzymatic reactions. However, once the atmosphere was oxygenated, iron became both scarce and toxic. Therefore, complex mechanisms have evolved to scavenge iron from an environment in which it is poorly bioavailable, and to tightly regulate intracellular iron contents. In bacteria, this is typically accomplished with the help of one key regulator, an iron-sensing transcription factor. While Gram-negative bacteria and Gram-positive species with low guanine-cytosine (GC) content generally use Fur (ferric uptake regulator) proteins to regulate iron homeostasis, Gram-positive species with high GC content use the functional homolog IdeR (iron-dependent regulator). IdeR controls the expression of iron acquisition and storage genes, repressing the former, and activating the latter in an iron-dependent manner. In bacterial pathogens such as Corynebacterium diphtheriae and Mycobacterium tuberculosis, IdeR is also involved in virulence, whereas in non-pathogenic species such as Streptomyces, it regulates secondary metabolism as well. Although in recent years the focus of research on IdeR has shifted towards drug development, there is much left to learn about the molecular mechanisms of IdeR. Here, we summarize our current understanding of how this important bacterial transcriptional regulator represses and activates transcription, how it is allosterically activated by iron binding, and how it recognizes its DNA target sites, highlighting the open questions that remain to be addressed.
SiamCCF: Siamese visual tracking via cross‐layer calibration fusion
Authors: Chen Si , Huang Huang , Zhu Shunzhi , Xu Huarong , He Yifan , Wang Da‐Han
Published: May 2023

Siamese networks have attracted wide attention in visual tracking due to their competitive accuracy and speed. However, the existing Siamese trackers usually leverage a fixed linear aggregation of feature maps, which does not effectively fuse the different layers of features with attention. Besides, most of Siamese trackers calculate the similarity between the template and the search region through a cross‐correlation operation between the features of the last blocks from the two branches, which might introduce the redundant noise information. In order to solve these problems, this study proposes a novel Siamese visual tracking method via cross‐layer calibration fusion, termed SiamCCF. An attention‐based feature fusion module is employed using local attention and non‐local attention to fuse the features from the deep and shallow layers, so as to capture both local details and high‐level semantic information. Moreover, a cross‐layer calibration module can use the fused features to calibrate the features of the last network blocks and build the cross‐layer long‐range spatial and inter‐channel dependencies around each spatial location. Extensive experiments demonstrate that the proposed method has achieved competitive tracking performance compared with state‐of‐the‐art trackers on challenging benchmarks, including OTB100, OTB2013, UAV123, UAV20L, and LaSOT.
An unconstrained relaxation digital‐to‐analog converter using optimal bit sequence
Authors: Li Mingze , Ma Guojun , Zhang Long , Zhu Jin , Zhu Qinhua
Published: May 2023

Based on the relaxation digital‐to‐analog converter (ReDAC) architecture and the capacitor charge/discharge function under discrete time conditions, this paper proposes a new mathematical model for the output voltage of the ReDAC to implement the unconstrained relaxation DAC (Uc‐ReDAC). The system clock calibration is not required. An adaptive probabilistic binary particle swarm optimization (AP‐BPSO) algorithm is proposed for solving the binary coding configuration problem under the Uc‐ReDAC model. Simulation results show that the 8‐bit (10‐bit) Uc‐ReDAC has an average sampling rate of 7.9 MS/s (6.76 MS/s).
A novel head network and group normalisation help track more accurately
Authors: Wang Jian , Tang Xinyi , Hao Yifan , Wu Dongjie , Ye Xiangzhou , Li Zheng
Published: May 2023

Most existing Siamese Network trackers rely on a predefined anchor box to predict object position. However, they require complicated hyperparameter settings. The authors directly forecast the object boundary by using the fully convolutional network as the head of the tracking network to solve this issue and simplify the application. The end‐to‐end design avoids the setting of hyperparameters and candidate boxes. The authors also discovered that the validation loss decreased less than the training loss throughout Siamese training. The authors changed the normalisation layer from batch normalisation to group normalisation to solve this issue. It solved the problem that the loss function is difficult to decrease and increased training efficiency. Test experiments on the tracking dataset, including VOT2019 and GOT10k, show that the authors’ network outperforms DaSiamRPN and SiamFC regarding precision under the same network size and runs at 24 FPS on an AMD 4800 CPU. It also runs at 306 FPS on a 3090 GPU.
Fast computation of voltage/VAR feasible boundaries of wind farms: An adaptive parameter aggregation dimensionality reduction equivalence method
Authors: Xue Lin , Niu Tao , Fang Sidun , Huang Tianen , Li Fan
Published: May 2023

Efficient voltage/VAR feasible boundary (VVFB) assessments for large‐scale wind farms can help reduce cascading trip risks. An accurate VVFB assessment result for such large‐scale wind farms, which is essentially a transient security constrained optimal power flow (TSCOPF) problem, may involve dynamic characteristics of all wind turbines in a whole wind farm, and the TSCOPF scale of VVFB assessment is quite huge and difficult to use directly for online computations. Therefore, this paper proposes an adaptive parameter aggregation dimensionality reduction equivalence (APA‐DRE) method to efficiently and accurately solve the VVFB problem. First, the core parameters are combined into an adjacency matrix as an input aggregation sample based on automatic weighting factors. The proposed between‐within proportion index is used to evaluate the aggregation result and determine the optimal aggregation number of input samples. Then, the original VVFB model is accurately transformed into a small‐scale problem represented by equivalent wind turbines with optimal numbers based on the principle of equal voltage differences. Finally, actual wind farm results validate that the proposed approach reduces the computation scale of the VVFB and improves the computation efficiency of the original model by approximately three times while ensuring accuracy.