bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
OSMANLI FUKAHASININ SİYASET TASAVVURUNA GİRİŞ: DÜRERÜ’L HÜKKÂM ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: Oğuz Büşra
Published: June 2024

Fıkhın ibadât, muamelât ve ukûbât alanlarındaki pek çok mesele devlet başkanı, devlet görevlileri ve reayaya dair önemli bilgiler içermekte ve bu yönüyle fıkıh kitapları İslam siyaset düşüncesinin özgün kaynakları arasında yer almaktadır. Siyasî-fıkhî ahkâm olarak ifade edilebilecek bu hususları farklı açılardan ele alan çalışmalar mevcuttur. Bu çalışmalara mütevazı bir katkı sağlamak amacıyla kaleme alınan bu makale, Osmanlı fakihi Molla Hüsrev’in (ö. 885/1480) Dürerü’l-hükkâm fî şerhi Gureri’l-ahkâm adlı eserini merkeze alarak fürû’ fıkıh eserlerindeki devlet başkanı tasavvuruna ışık tutmayı hedeflemektedir. Eser, aynı zaman diliminde farklı coğrafyalarda telif edilen Hasan b. Ammâr eş-Şürünbülâlî’nin (ö. 1069/1658) Gunyetü ẕevi’l-aḥkâm fî buğyeti Düreri’l-ḥükkâm ile Abdülhalîm b. Pîr Kadem’in (ö. 1088/1677) el-Keşf bi-rumûzi’l-Gureri’l-aḥkâm ve tenvîri Düreri’l-ḥükkâm adlı haşiyeleriyle birlikte incelenecektir. Nitekim fıkıh metinlerine ilave olarak şerh ve haşiyeler de kendi dönemlerinin siyasî-fıkhî ahkâmına dair önemli bilgiler sunmaktadır.

Çalışmada öncelikle fıkıh kitaplarında devlet başkanını ifade etmek için kullanılan “imam, imâmü’l müslimîn, ülü’l emr, emîr, halîfe/hilâfet, melik, sultan, velî ve imamet” terimleriyle ilgili malumat ele alınacak daha sonra Cuma namazı, nikâh, cenaze namazı, zekât, hac, cihat, ikrah, hadler, ta‘zîr gibi devlet başkanına doğrudan atıf yapılan meseleler haşiyelerdeki farklılıklara da dikkat çekilerek değerlendirilecektir. Böylece Dürerü’l-hükkâm ve bahsi geçen haşiyelerdeki devlet başkanı tasavvuru ortaya konulmaya çalışılacaktır
Modeling human gastric cancers in immunocompetent mice
Authors: Zhang Weihong , Wang Shilong , Zhang Hui , Meng Yan , Jiao Shi , An Liwei , Zhou Zhaocai
Published: June 2024

Gastric cancer (GC) is a major cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. This cancer is determined by multiple (epi)genetic and environmental factors; can occur at distinct anatomic positions of the stomach; and displays high heterogeneity, with different cellular origins and diverse histological and molecular features. This heterogeneity has hindered efforts to fully understand the pathology of GC and develop efficient therapeutics. In the past decade, great progress has been made in the study of GC, particularly in molecular subtyping, investigation of the immune microenvironment, and defining the evolutionary path and dynamics. Preclinical mouse models, particularly immunocompetent models that mimic the cellular and molecular features of human GC, in combination with organoid culture and clinical studies, have provided powerful tools for elucidating the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying GC pathology and immune evasion, and the development of novel therapeutic strategies. Herein, we first briefly introduce current progress and challenges in GC study and subsequently summarize immunocompetent GC mouse models, emphasizing the potential application of genetically engineered mouse models in antitumor immunity and immunotherapy studies.
Morphological analyses of otoliths indicate a single population of invasive Arapaima gigas in tributaries of the Upper Madeira River (Amazon Basin)
Authors: Mereles Marcos de Almeida , Sousa Raniere Garcez Costa , De Carvalho Freitas Carlos Edwar
Published: June 2024

The present study aimed to evaluate the potential of the shape of the sagitta otolith to discriminate populations of Arapaima gigas outside their natural area of occurrence in different tributaries of the Madeira River. Otolith samples were collected at three locations along the Guaporé and Mamoré rivers. The shape of the otolith was described using 20 Fourier harmonics and five shape indices. No significant differences were found in the shape of the otoliths among the different sample areas, and no evidence of relevant differences between groups was observed graphically for the two methods used. The success of the global classification of the models was considered average, being 57.57% for the shape indices, and 55.54% for the Fourier coefficients. Thus, the results suggest a single population of pirarucu in different locations of the Guaporé and Mamoré rivers. However, multidisciplinary studies involving genetics, morphology, and ecology may provide more accurate guidance for determining pirarucu populations in the study region.
Karakteristik dan Faktor Prioritas Penyebab Kekumuhan di Kawasan Permukiman Girlibanji (Pinggir Kali Banjaran-Kranji), Kabupaten Banyumas
Authors: Padyansari Ricca , Rahayu Murtanti Jani , Suminar Lintang
Published: June 2024

Pelaksanaan aktivitas yang terpusat pada kawasan perkotaan dapat mempengaruhi laju perpindahan penduduk menuju kota. Pertumbuhan penduduk perkotaan yang terus meningkat mengakibatkan tingginya permintaan lahan untuk kawasan permukiman yang tidak sebanding dengan ketersediaan lahan untuk kawasan hunian yang layak huni. Fenomena tersebut terjadi diantaranya di Kabupaten Banyumas seiring dengan terus berkembangnya Kawasan Perkotaan Purwokerto sebagai ibukota Kabupaten Banyumas. Hal ini mengakibatkan  munculnya kawasan kawasan kumuh di Kawasan Perkotaan Purwokerto. Salah satu kawasan yang teridentifikasi permukiman kumuh adalah Kawasan Girlibanji. Dalam menangani kawasan permukiman kumuh, Pemerintah Kabupaten Banyumas telah berupaya mengatasi permasalahan kekumuhan dengan penerapan beberapa kebijakan tetapi  permasalahan permukiman kumuh belum teratasi sepenuhnya khususnya di Kawasan Girlibanji. Ketidakberhasilan penerapan kebijakan penanganan permukiman kumuh dikarenakan belum diketahui faktor prioritas penyebab meningkatnya permukiman kumuh pada kawasan secara jelas. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui faktor prioritas penyebab kekumuhan di Kawasan Permukiman Girlibanji dengan menggunakan Analytical Hierarchy Prosess (AHP). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor-faktor prioritas penyebab kekumuhan di Kawasan Permukiman Girlibanji adalah jaringan air limbah, kepadatan dan kualitas bangunan, jaringan sistem persampahan, tingkat pendapatan, tingkat pendidikan, dan jaringan drainase.
Pengaruh budaya organisasi, kepemimpinan melayani terhadap kinerja dosen di Institut Agama Kristen Negeri Tarutung
Authors: Purba Enricho Fiktorando , Simaremare Aman , Lubis Zuraida
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan menguji apakah budaya organisasi, kepemimpinan melayani berpengaruh signfikan terhadap kinerja dosen. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan analisis regresi berganda. Data diperoleh dengan menyebarkan angket google form online yang diisi oleh dosen secara sukarela yang terdiri beberapa strata pendidikan, masa kerja dan jabatan fungsional. Dengan jumlah sampel 32 orang yang dengan teknik stratified purposive sampling. Kemudian, data diolah secara deskriptif kuantitatif untuk melihat kecenderungan hasil setiap variabel. Selanjutnya, hasil data diolah menggunakan analisis regresi berganda dengan aplikasi SPPS 22. Hasil analisis deskriptif menunjukkan bahwa kinerja dosen di IAKN Tarutung masuk ke dalam kategori kinerja yang tinggi. Akan tetapi, hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa budaya organisasi dan kepemimpinan melayani tidak memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap hasil kinerja dosen yang tinggi tersebut. Artinya, budaya organisasi dan kepemimpinan melayani yang ada di IAKN Tarutung tidak serta merta menunjang kinerja dosen. Oleh karena itu, perlu penelitian lebih lanjut terkait variabel lain yang lebih signifikan untuk menunjang kinerja dosen.

 

The Influence of organizational culture, servant leadership on the performance of lecturers at Tarutung State Institute of Christianity

 

This study aims to test whether organizational culture and service leadership have a significant effect on lecturer performance. This study uses a quantitative approach with multiple regression analysis. Data was obtained by distributing online Google form questionnaires filled out by voluntary lecturers consisting of several educational strata, tenure, and functional positions. With a total sample of 32 people using a stratified purposive sampling technique. Then, the data is processed descriptively quantitatively to see the tendency of the results of each variable. Furthermore, the data results were processed using multiple regression analysis with the SPPS 22 application. The results of the descriptive analysis show that the performance of lecturers at IAKN Tarutung falls into the high-performance category. However, the results of this study indicate that organizational culture and servant leadership do not have a significant influence on the results of the high performance of lecturers. This means that the organizational culture and servant leadership that exist in IAKN Tarutung do not necessarily support the performance of lecturers. Therefore, further research is needed related to other variables that are more significant to support lecturer performance.
Development of educational game-based learning media assisted by quizwhizzer to improve students' legal literacy
Authors: Susanti Atika , Darmansyah Ady
Published: July 2024

This research aimed to develop and assess the suitability of an educational gaming media assisted by Quizwhizzer as an endeavor to enhance elementary school students' legal literacy. Employing the Research and Development (R&D) methodology within the ADDIE model (analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation), this study evaluated the media's suitability across three dimensions: content, language, and presentation. The findings revealed that content, language, and presentation were all validated with high scores content received an average Aiken’s V score of 0.89 (Highly Valid) with 93% agreement among validators, while language and presentation received scores of 1 (Highly Valid) with similar agreement percentages. These results collectively endorse the product's suitability for educational use. This educational gaming media was specifically evaluated for its potential to enhance second-grade students' understanding of Pancasila education, focusing on regulations to improve their legal literacy.
Development of Chemical Crossword Puzzle (Tekilama) Periodic System of Elements as a Companion Learning Media
Authors: Khumar Krisna , Drastisianti Apriliana
Published: July 2024

Penelitian pengembangan ini dilatar belakangi pada penggunaan media kimia yang digunakan belum maksimal sehingga peserta didik kurang terlibat aktif dalam pembelajaran. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengembangkan media pembelajaran pendamping materi sistem periodik unsur dan menguji kualitas media pembelajaran yang dikembangkan. Penelitian pengembangan ini menggunakan model penelitian ADDIE. Karakteristik dari media pembelajaran ini yaitu memuat materi sistem periodik unsur dan latihan soal yang dikemas dalam bentuk teka teki silang. Hasil validasi ahli materi mendapatkan kriteria valid dengan nilai 4, sedangkan hasil validasi ahli media mendapatkan kriteria valid dengan nilai 4,08. Hasil dari penilaian peserta didik menapatkan kriteria sangat valid dengan nilai 4,27. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa media pembelajaran tekilama layak digunakan.
Analysis of HOTS Question Items for Bahasa Indonesia Final Assessment for VIIth Grade Students at MTs Negeri 6 Boyolali
Authors: Margareta Tricia , Hidayatullah Rahmat Wahyu , Andrea Qaulan Tsaqila Hasfin  , Lisa Wahyuningsih
Published: June 2024

This journal article aims to analyze the High Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) questions in the Odd Semester Final Assessment (PAS) for class VII in the Indonesian language subject at MTs Negeri 6 Boyolali. The research method used is descriptive qualitative, by collecting and analyzing data from questions applied in PAS for Indonesian Language subjects. The research results show that most of the questions have a level of difficulty that is appropriate to students' abilities. However, there are several questions that still need to be improved in order to trigger students' higher thinking abilities. The conclusion of this research is the importance of compiling and selecting questions that are appropriate to the learning objectives in order to optimize the development of students' high-level thinking abilities.
Innovative graph-based video processing methodology for collapse early warning of historic masonry buildings
Authors: Fioriti Vincenzo , Cataldo Antonino , Colucci Alessandro , Ormando Chiara , Fernando Saitta Fernando , Palumbo Domenico , Roselli Ivan
Published: July 2024

In the present study an innovative video processing methodology is proposed for application to vibration data of historic masonry structures. The proposed methodology is based on graph theory and topology analysis applied to magnified videos in search of effective parameters for early-warning signals before the collapse of structures in case of earthquakes. The proposed method was validated through seismic tests of a brick-masonry mockup representing a vault of the mosque in the Palace of the Dey, Algiers. In particular, the seismic tests were carried out at increasing earthquake intensity up to the final collapse of the mockup. After processing the videos of the seismic tests by motion magnification method, the magnified video frames were transformed into a graph of the structure. Finally, several graph indices were calculated and monitored during the vibration. The monitored parameters were analyzed in search of potential threshold values suitable to generate an early warning signal. In particular, the inverse algebraic connectivity provided an early warning signal in the order of a few seconds before collapse. This was validated by comparison with an analogous signal provided at similar time by an accurate displacement lab measurements system based on optical markers positioned at several points of the tested mock-up.
Ali Hıbrî Efendi ve Havâssu’l-Kur’ân Tarzında Bir Eseri: Şifâü’l-Ebdân
Authors: Donat Fatma Zehra
Published: June 2024

Kur’ân-ı Kerîm’in arkasındaki gizli sırlar saymakla bitmez. İslâm âlimleri Kur’ân-ı Kerîm’in belli bir tertip üzere okunmasıyla Kur’ândaki bazı havâslara nail olabileceğimizi dile getirmektedir. İslamiyetten önce ve sonra insanlar maddi manevi hastalıklarına şifâ olması için farklı tıbb-i nebevî yöntemlerini denemişlerdir. İslamiyetten sonra yüce kitabımız Kur’ân-ı Kerîm’in içindeki ayetlerin, surelerin ve esmâü’l hüsnâların dua niyetiyle okunması onun bizim için eşsiz bir kaynak olduğunu göstermektedir. Bu doğrultuda havassü’l kur’ân eserleri yazılmıştır. İnsanların tüm bedeniyle, psikolojik olarak inanarak duada bulunmasının hasta kişiye yüksek bir umut ve moral olduğu ileri sürülmektedir. 17. asır Osmanlı âlimlerinden Ali Hıbrî Efendi’nin “Şifâü’l-ebdâni’l-merzâ fî sırri menâfi’l-Kur’âni’ş-Şerîfi ve’l-esmâi’l-hüsnâ” adlı eseri, havâssu’l-Kur’ân tarzında yazılmış bir eseridir. Bu çalışmamızda Kur’ân-ı Kerîm’in şifâ kaynağı olması bakımından havâssu’l-Kur’ân’ın ne olduğu, bu alanda yazılan eserlerin neler olduğu araştırılmış, Ali Hıbrî Efendi’nin hayatı ve eserleri hakkında bilgi verilmiş, “Şifâü’l-ebdân” adlı eseri tanıtılmış ve eserin muhtevâ incelemesi yapılmıştır.
Preoperative Laboratory Values Predicting Periprosthetic Joint Infection in Morbidly Obese Patients Undergoing Total Hip or Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Telang Sagar , Mayfield Cory K. , Palmer Ryan , Liu Kevin C. , Wier Julian , Hong Kurt , Lieberman Jay R. , Heckmann Nathanael D.
Published: June 2024

Background:

Morbidly obese patients are an ever-growing high-risk population undergoing total hip arthroplasty (THA) and total knee arthroplasty (TKA) for end-stage osteoarthritis. This study sought to identify preoperative laboratory values that may serve as predictors of periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) in morbidly obese patients undergoing THA or TKA.

Methods:

All morbidly obese patients with preoperative laboratory data before undergoing primary elective TKA or THA were identified using the Premier Healthcare Database. Patients who developed PJI within 90 days after surgery were compared with patients without PJI. Laboratory value thresholds were defined by clinical guidelines or primary literature. Univariate and multivariable regression analyses were utilized to assess the association between PJI and preoperative laboratory values, including total lymphocyte count, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), monocyte-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), albumin level, platelet count, albumin-globulin ratio, hemoglobin level, and hemoglobin A1c.

Results:

Of the 6,780 patients identified (TKA: 76.67%; THA: 23.33%), 47 (0.69%) developed PJI within 90 days after surgery. The rate of PJI was 1.69% for patients with a hemoglobin level of <12 g/dL (for females) or <13 g/dL (for males), 2.14% for those with a platelet count of <142,000/µL or >417,000/µL, 1.11% for those with an NLR of >3.31, 1.69% for those with a PLR of >182.3, and 1.05% for those with an SII of >776.2. After accounting for potential confounding factors, we observed an association between PJI and an abnormal preoperative NLR (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 2.38, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.04 to 5.44, p = 0.039), PLR (aOR: 4.86, 95% CI: 2.15 to 10.95, p < 0.001), SII (aOR: 2.44, 95% CI: 1.09 to 5.44, p = 0.029), platelet count (aOR: 3.50, 95% CI: 1.11 to 10.99, p = 0.032), and hemoglobin level (aOR: 2.62, 95% CI: 1.06 to 6.50, p = 0.038).

Conclusions:

This study identified preoperative anemia, abnormal platelet count, and elevated NLR, PLR, and SII to be associated with an increased risk of PJI among patients with a body mass index of ≥40 kg/m2. These findings may help surgeons risk-stratify this high-risk patient population.

Level of Evidence:

Prognostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Peran Kesadaran Pajak Dalam Peningkatan Kepatuhan Pajak Melalui Pengetahuan Dan Sanksi Pajak
Authors: Widuri Retnaningtyas , Christabel Michella Shan , Lavinia Evelyn
Published: June 2024

This research aims to analyze the influence of tax knowledge and tax sanctions on tax compliance as well as the mediating role of tax awareness, related to the phenomenon that there are still many taxpayers who do not have compliance with their tax obligations, while a poor level of tax compliance can be a loss for the state. This research uses a survey method with a questionnaire base developed from several previous researchers, involving taxpayers who are MSME actors in the e-commerce sector spread across Indonesia. The number of respondents involved in this research was 117 people, with the criteria being taxpayers of MSMEs in the e-commerce sector. This research uses the Partial Least Square technique to carry out data analysis through the Warp Partial Least Square (Warp-PLS) application. The research results show that tax knowledge has a positive influence on tax compliance, while tax sanctions have no effect on tax compliance. Furthermore, it was also found that tax awareness was able to mediate the influence of tax knowledge and tax sanctions on tax compliance.
Wave Mechanics of Microwave Absorption in Films: Part 3 – Multilayered Films
Authors: Liu Yue , Liu Ying , Drew Michael
Published: June 2024

In the field of microwave absorption, the quarter-wavelength theory (QWM) is commonly
employed to describe the properties of films with multiple layers. However, this study
demonstrates the inadequacy of QWM as therein conventional results pertaining to single
layered films with or without a metal backing are typically applied to the intermediate layers
of multilayer films, but this approach is flawed, as it overlooks the presence of incident
microwaves on both sides of the intermediate layer, focusing solely on those in front of the
film. To address this notable omission, our work introduces a novel theoretical framework
suitable for multilayer films
Integrated biological and chemical control of Fusarium wilt by Bacillus velezensis EB1 and potassium sorbate
Authors: Liu Siwen , Yang Wenlong , Yang Xiaofang , Gong Ronggao , Xiang Dandan , Li Chunyu
Published: June 2024

Banana wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense tropical race 4 (Foc TR4) is a globally distributed soilborne disease that poses a serious threat to banana production. Many different control measures have been implemented but have not proven effective enough. Here, a combined strategy of Fusarium wilt control involving the recognized biological agent B. velezensis EB1 and the bioactive compound potassium sorbate was evaluated. Our results showed that potassium sorbate inhibited Foc TR4 in a dose-dependent manner. Potassium sorbate did not affect the growth of EB1 in vitro; instead, it promoted its growth and antagonistic ability by upregulating the expression of antagonistic genes. In greenhouse experiments, the combined application of EB1 and potassium sorbate significantly reduced the disease index of banana by suppressing fungal growth in roots while promoting plant growth. Overall, our results indicate that potassium sorbate combined with B. velezensis EB1 has strong potential for the sustainable management of banana Fusarium wilt.
Downregulation of Klebsiella pneumoniae RND efflux pump following indole signal produced by Escherichia coli
Authors: Salama Galila G. , El-Mahdy Taghrid S. , Moustafa Walaa H. , Emara Mohamed
Published: June 2024

Background
More than a century has passed since it was discovered that many bacteria produce indole, but research into the actual biological roles of this molecule is just now beginning. The influence of indole on bacterial virulence was extensively investigated in indole-producing bacteria like Escherichia coli. To gain a deeper comprehension of its functional role, this study investigated how indole at concentrations of 0.5-1.0 mM found in the supernatant of Escherichia coli stationary phase culture was able to alter the virulence of non-indole-producing bacteria, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus mirabilis,and Klebsiella pneumoniae, which are naturally exposed to indole in mixed infections with Escherichia coli.
Results
Biofilm formation, antimicrobial susceptibility, and efflux pump activity were the three phenotypic tests that were assessed. Indole was found to influence antibiotic susceptibly of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus mirabilis and Klebsiella pneumoniae to ciprofloxacin, imipenem, ceftriaxone, ceftazidime, and amikacin through significant reduction in MIC with fold change ranged from 4 to 16. Biofilm production was partially abrogated in both 32/45 Pseudomonas aeruginosa and all eight Proteus mirabilis, while induced biofilm production was observed in 30/40 Klebsiella pneumoniae. Moreover, acrAB and oqxAB, which encode four genes responsible for resistance-nodulation-division multidrug efflux pumps in five isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae were investigated genotypically using quantitative real-time (qRT)-PCR. This revealed that all four genes exhibited reduced expression indicated by 2^−ΔΔCT < 1 in indole-treated isolates compared to control group.
Conclusion
The outcomes of qRT-PCR investigation of efflux pump expression have established a novel clear correlation of the molecular mechanism that lies beneath the influence of indole on bacterial antibiotic tolerance. This research provides novel perspectives on the various mechanisms and diverse biological functions of indole signaling and how it impacts the pathogenicity of non-indole-producing bacteria.
Choroidal vascularity index as potential biomarkers in chronic central serous chorioretinopathy with macular neovascularization
Authors: Song Yanping , Zhang Xianggui , Hui Yannian , Ming Yan , Huang Zhen , ye ya
Published: June 2024

Objective: To evaluate choroidal vascular index (CVI) in eyes with chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (cCSC) complicated with macular neovascularization (MNV) using ultra-widefield swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography.
Method: We retrospectively analyzed 50 eyes of 46 patients with MNV due to cCSC (W group) and 66 eyes of 52 cCSC patients without MNV (Wi group). A group of 67 eyes of 40 age-matched normal subjects were included for controls. The scan protocol included a vertical 20 mm × horizontal 24 mm area comprising 9 subfields. CVI were compared among each group.
Results: The average age in W group were significantly bigger than in Wi group (56.0±6.4 vs. 49.0±7.9, p < 0.001). Except for the superotemporal and temporal regions, the CVI was significantly lower in W group than in Wi group (all p < 0.05). The CVI of the central region in W, Wi, and normal groups were 35.66±3.31, 37.44±2.31, and 32.39±5.24, respectively (p < 0.001). Central CVI was correlated with subfoveal choroidal thickness (r = 0.674, p＜0.001) and W group (r = -0.304, p＜0.001).
Conclusions: Decreased CVI may represent a change in the vascular structure of the choroid in cCSC with MNV eyes, and these changes are not limited to the macular area. CVI can be a potential biomarker for cCSC with MNV eyes.
Influence of Roxolid Implant Material on The Implant Stability of Maxillary Implant Retained Overdenture
Authors: Ibrahim Amany , Eid Hany Ibrahim , Mohamed Shaimaa Lotfy , fadl sawsan maged
Published: June 2024

Background
Long-term success of implant restoration depends on many factors one of them is the sufficient implant stability which is lowered in compromised bone density sites such as the maxilla as it is categorized as type III & IV bone, so searching for a new innovation and updates in implant material and features is very mandatory. So, the aim of this study was to compare between two implant materials (roxolid and traditional titanium) on the primary and secondary stability of implant retained maxillary overdenture.
Methods
Eighteen completely edentulous patients were selected. All patients received maxillary implant-retained overdentures and lower complete dentures; patients were divided equally into two groups according to the type of implant materials. Group A received a total number of 36 implants made of roxolid material and Group B received a total number of 36 implants made of traditional titanium alloys. Implant stability was assessed using ostell device, the primary implant stability was measured at the day of implant installation however, secondary implant stability was measured after six weeks of implant placement. Paired t-test was used to compare between primary and secondary stability in the same group and an independent t-test was used to compare between the two groups with a significant level < 0.05.
Results
Independent t-test revealed a significant difference between the two groups with p -value = 0.0141 regarding primary stability and p-value < 0.001 regarding secondary stability, as roxolid implant group was statistically higher stability than titanium group in both. Paired t- test showed a statistically significant difference in roxolid implant group with p-value = 0.0122 however, there was non-statistically significant difference in titanium group with p-value = 0.636. Mann Whitney test showed a significant difference between the two groups regarding amount of change in stability with p value = 0.191. roxolid implant group showed a higher amount of change in stability than the titanium implant group.
Conclusion
Within the limitation of this study, it could be concluded that: Roxolid implants showed better primary and secondary stability than conventional titanium one in implant retained maxillary overdenture.
Trial registration:
NCT06334770 at 27-3-2024.
The “Overlooked” Entropy and the Associated Role of Phonons in the Mixing Stabilization for Complex Ceramics
Authors: Tang Xiaochuan , Weinberger Christopher , Thompson Gregory
Published: June 2024

The concept of high entropy materials has been introduced based on the idea that multiple principal components can be mixed through the increase in configurational entropy. Implicit in this idea is that the vibrational entropy, the other component of the mixing entropy, is small compared to the configurational entropy. To explore this relationship, we examined the mixing enthalpy, configurational entropy, and vibrational entropy of two binary ceramic systems - the transition metal carbides and transition metal diborides. We computed the vibrational entropy directly using the dynamical matrices obtained from density functional theory and the quasi-harmonic approximation. The mixing vibrational entropy of the mixed diborides are at least as large as the configurational entropy while it is smaller for the carbides. Utilizing the phonon density of states, we further demonstrate the origin of the high mixing vibrational entropy arises because of a large number of new low frequency modes that appear in the diborides. Similar modes occur in the carbides but occur at larger frequencies. This differences ultimately arise because of the structural differences where metal atoms share nearest neighbors in the diborides, while they do not in the carbides. This increased vibrational mixing entropy dramatically enhances the mixing of the diborides and demonstrates that this type of entropy cannot be neglected when considering what stabilizes mixtures and provides a new perspective on what is considered high entropy.
Psychological distress and influencing factors in lung cancer patients based on the stress system model: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Liu Yuxiu , Li Shuzhen , Wang Xin , Li Hua , Zhang Lan
Published: July 2024

Background
Lung cancer is one of the most prevalent causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Due to the low survival rate of patients with intermediate and advanced lung cancer, the challenging nature of treatment, the economic burden and the poor prognosis, most patients experience anxiety, fear and other psychological distress. If left untreated over a long period of time, these negative emotions will gradually develop into depression, anxiety or other serious mental illnesses. Furthermore, this can have a detrimental effect on the quality of life of the patient and the effectiveness of the treatment. Consequently, this study undertook a comprehensive investigation into the current status of psychological distress in patients with lung cancer and the factors that influence it. The findings provide a theoretical basis for clinical medical personnel to identify and implement timely, personalised psychological interventions.
Methods
Convenience sampling method was adopted to select lung cancer patients hospitalised in three hospitals in the country as the study subjects. General information questionnaire, psychological distress thermometer, cancer coping style questionnaire, brief illness perception questionnaire Edmonton Symptom Assessment Scale, and Perceived Social Support Scale were used to conduct the survey. SPSS 25.0 software was used to analyse the collected data; univariate, correlation analysis and binary logistic regression were used to analyse and screen the factors of psychological distress in lung cancer patients.
Results
435 lung cancer patients were finally included in this study. The results showed that the DT score was (4.24±2.356) and the prevalence of psychological distress was 52.87%. The results of binary logistic regression analysis showed that age, monthly family income, cancer coping styles, disease perception, symptoms and social support were the main correlates of psychological distress in lung cancer patients (P < 0.05).
Conclusions
As the detection rate of psychological distress in lung cancer patients is high, clinical staff should dynamically observe the psychological changes of lung cancer patients, do a good job in screening and stratified management of psychological distress, and provide personalised psychological guidance to establish a positive mindset, so as to reduce the negative emotions of patients,and to improve the quality of life of patients' health-related issues.
Resilient Roads in Challenging Terrain: A Case Study of Siddhartha Highway in Nepal
Authors: Chhetri Nishesh P. , Jaiswal Rishav , Poudel Rabina
Published: June 2024

Nepal is a country known for its diverse and challenging topography, and it relies heavily on a robust road infrastructure network to connect its remote regions and urban centers. This study addresses the critical need for enhanced road safety and infrastructure resilience on the Siddhababa road section of the Siddhartha Highway, Nepal, notorious for its high accident rates and susceptibility to landslides. Given the road's strategic importance in connecting remote regions and its challenging topographical conditions, our research aimed to identify the most suitable pavement type to mitigate these issues. Through a detailed examination incorporating eight different soil tests, alongside evaluations of traffic loads, weather conditions, and existing pavement performance, we adopted a comparative analysis methodology to assess the viability of flexible versus rigid pavements within this unique context. Results revealed that the soil composition and environmental conditions of the Siddhababa section significantly influence pavement performance, with specific gravity, moisture content, and California Bearing Ratio (CBR) tests indicating a nuanced suitability for both pavement types under varying circumstances. Our analysis concluded that, despite the economic and staged reinforcement benefits of flexible pavements, the durability, safety, and maintenance considerations favor the adoption of rigid pavement for the Siddhababa road section. However, acknowledging the economic constraints, a hybrid approach is recommended, emphasizing rigid pavements for the most vulnerable sections and flexible pavements elsewhere. This study contributes to the pavement engineering field by providing a model for pavement type selection in mountainous regions, aiming to enhance road safety and durability amidst challenging environmental conditions.
Dynamic Loading Effects on the Mechanical Behavior and Constitutive Damage Model of Foliated Slate
Authors: Ou Xuefeng , Xu Shiquan , Hu Qinxin , Tang Cong , Liao Wei , Tang Xiaolong
Published: June 2024

Understanding the anisotropic mechanical properties of rocks is crucial in rock engineering planning and execution. Layered structures, including foliation and bedding, introduce planes of weakness that profoundly affect the rock's mechanical response. This research aimed to examine the impact of foliation orientation, indicated by the dip angle (θ), and the strain rate (\(\dot {\varepsilon }\)) on the dynamic mechanical behaviour of the slate. To this end, dynamic compression tests were conducted on slate samples utilizing a split-Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB). When the foliation is parallel to horizontal plane (θ = 0°), tensile mechanism dominates the failure mode. When the foliation planes take a dip angle to horizontal plane (θ = 30°, 45° and 60°), shear-sliding along foliation planes gradually dominated as the angle increased, resulting in shear-tensile failure. When the foliation planes are perpendicular to horizontal plane (θ = 90°), the sample primarily exhibits tensile splitting failure along foliation planes. Motivated by experimental results, we developed a constitutive model to characterize the damage process of foliated slate. The model assumes that the strength of microstructural units within foliated slate follows a Weibull distribution. To account for the effects of different dip angles and strain rates on the slate foliation planes' response, a dynamic loading viscous coefficient, η, is incorporated. The proposed model has precise physical meanings and proficiently illustrates the complete stress-strain process of the slate.
Fibrosis Impairs cGAS-Mediated Responses to Immunotherapy in Advanced HCC
Authors: Westover Ken , Sheng Jianpeng , Wang Lin , Song Jinyuan , Zhang Junlei , ZHOU ZHIWEI , Zhao Yaxing , Guo Chengxiang , Tang Jianghui , Ji Yongtao , Li Taohong , Yan Tianxing , Shao Wei , Bai Xueli , Li Qing , Liang Tingbo
Published: June 2024

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) management is challenging due to its heterogeneous tumor microenvironment and poor treatment responses. To develop personalized approaches, we conducted a clinical trial of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) combined with immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) where we collected tumor specimens for comprehensive multi-omic profiling. Treatment response was associated with increased infiltration of anti-tumor T cells, driven by cGAS-STING activation within immune-suppressive epithelial cells. However, fibrotic processes impaired these responses in some patients. Based on this insight, we conducted an animal trial in an HCC model where we added an anti-fibrotic agent to ICB and TACE mimic. This improved efficacy compared to ICB and TACE mimic alone. To identify patients who would benefit from such treatment, we constructed a predictive model using data from a limited immunohistochemistry panel and a group sparse learning algorithm. Our findings provide a blueprint for crafting personalized therapies for HCC and other cancers.
Frequency domain characteristics and optimization of image generation for GANs
Authors: Ye Xueyi , Sui Mingcong , Zeng Maosheng , Han Zhuo , Wang Hao
Published: June 2024

In recent years, Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) have demonstrated enormous promise in areas connected to image generation. As the model generation performance continues to improve and the generated images become more realistic, it is difficult to effectively distinguish between the real image and the generated image. Therefore, the problem of discriminating and optimizing the generated images (adversarial discrimination) has become necessary, and subsequent optimization plans are proposed based on the discrimination strategy. However, due to the nature of convolution, the two-dimensional power spectrum curve of the generated image is low overall; that is, compared with the real image, there is energy loss at each frequency (without other processing), and the curve drops rapidly and approaches zero, which is obviously different from the real image. In particular, the curve of the image generated by transposed convolution has a clear upward trend at the very high-frequency part, which is contrary to the characteristic of the real image, which is that the energy decreases with increasing frequency. Based on the discussion of the characteristics and inducements of the two-dimensional power spectrum curve of the generated image, we present a discrimination approach based on curve warping at high frequency and energy loss to improve the discrimination capacity of the generated image and realize the effective discrimination between the real image and the generated image. Based on this, we present the power spectrum loss function to improve the upward warping characteristics of the very high-frequency part of the two-dimensional power spectrum curve without degrading the quality of the generated image and the high-frequency feature loss function to improve the quality of the generated image. The value and efficiency of the proposed discrimination approach in this study are demonstrated on multiple GANs models, including WGAN, WGAN-GP, and SAGAN, with the dataset celeba, and the GANs model with encoder-decoder as the generator with the dataset CelebA-HQ. The two loss functions proposed are also demonstrated on multiple GANs models, including WGAN, WGAN-GP, and SAGAN with the dataset FFHQ. After adding the high-frequency feature loss, the FID decreases by 5.97, 5.15, and 6.56, respectively. After adding the power spectrum loss, the above models can improve the upward warping characteristics of the two-dimensional power spectrum curve in the very high-frequency part of the generated image to a certain extent. The FID decreases by 17.4, 11.55 and 12.27 when the weight is fixed, and 12.66, 8.15 and 4.46 when the weight is variable, respectively.
Clinical analysis of pediatric recurrent autoimmune glial fibrillary acidic protein astrocytopathy
Authors: Fang Hongjun , Hu Wenjing , Zhang Xiao
Published: June 2024

Objective
To examine the clinical characteristics, treatment, and prognosis of recurrent autoimmune glial fibrillary acidic protein astrocytopathy (GFAP-A).
Methods
The data of 17 pediatric patients with recurrent autoimmune GFAP-A who were treated in the neurology department of Hunan Children’s Hospital from January 2015 to January 2024 were collected, and the clinical presentation, laboratory tests, neuroradiology results, electroencephalograms, treatment regimens, and prognosis of these patients were retrospectively analyzed and summarized.
Results
These 17 patients included 6 males and 11 females. A total of 28 recurrences occurred, with a median of 1 (1, 2) recurrence per patient. Patients experienced 1–5 symptoms on recurrence, with 3 recurrences exhibiting new symptoms. The median number of symptoms at recurrence was 1 (1, 2), with a median mRS score at recurrence of 3 (2, 4) and a median length of hospitalization of 10 (8, 16) days per recurrence episode. The mean number of symptoms, mRS, and length of hospitalization at recurrence were all lower than at initial disease onset (P < 0.05). The serum GFAP antibody positivity rate was 50% and the cerebrospinal fluid GFAP antibody positivity rate was 14.3% at recurrence. The cerebrospinal fluid abnormality rate was 28.6% at recurrence. Abnormal electroencephalograms were observed in 14 (50%) recurrences. There were 16 (57.1%) recurrences with an increased number of lesions visible on head MRI compared with pre-recurrence levels, while there were 8 (66.7%) recurrences with an increased number of lesions visible on spinal cord MRI compared with pre-recurrence levels. First-line immunotherapy was used at initial disease onset with second-line immunotherapy used only in 1 patient. Second-line immunotherapy was used in 11 recurrences.
Conclusion
Pediatric GFAP-A tends to recur. The condition at recurrence is milder than at initial disease onset. In most cases, the symptoms seen at recurrence are among those that occurred at initial onset, while new symptoms may occur on recurrence in a small number of patients. In addition to new symptoms and disease worsening during recurrence, abnormal antibody levels, cerebrospinal fluid routine biochemistry test results, electroencephalography results, and radiology findings may also be observed. First-line immunotherapy or long-term combined second-line immunotherapy can be used during recurrence.
Different patterns of lipid droplet and mitochondria contacts mediate lipid metabolism during T2DM-induced NAFLD
Authors: Xu Ye , Zhang Yuan , Sun Wen , Tang Qiang , Feng Wanyu , Xiao Hongjian , Yuan Xinmeng , Xiang Mengqi , Gao Yaran , Lu Jiao , Zhang Hanyu
Published: June 2024

Mitochondrial function is crucial for hepatic lipid metabolism. Current research identifies two types of mitochondria based on their contact with lipid droplets: peridroplet mitochondria (PDM) and cytoplasmic mitochondria (CM). This work aimed to investigate the alterations of CM and PDM in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) induced by spontaneous type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in db/db mice. It was found that insulin resistance increased both the number and size of lipid droplets in the liver by enhancing the accumulation of free fatty acids, which is accompanied by an increase in contacts with mitochondria. By examining the oxidation states and morphological characteristics of CM and PDM, the different patterns of tight contacts between small lipid droplets and mitochondria in purified CM and PDM were described. In CM, enhanced fatty acid oxidation resulted in elongated mitochondria that surrounded single small lipid droplets and was responsible for lipid droplet consumption, while in PDM, increased substrates for lipid synthesis promoted lipid droplet expansion with the assistance of the endoplasmic reticulum. These data show the different ways in which mitochondrial contact with lipid droplets could provide new insights for future research on liver lipid metabolism.
Inequalities in health care use among patients with arthritis in China: Evidence from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study
Authors: Liu Jinyao , Chen Mingsheng , Tang Yi , Zheng Peiyao , Si Lei
Published: June 2024

Bakcground
This study sought to assess socioeconomic-related inequalities in health care use among arthritis patients in China and to analyze factors associated with this disparity.
Methods
This study used data from the 2018 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. 3255 arthritis patients were included. The annual per capita household expenditure was used to divide individuals into five categories. We calculated actual, need-predicted, and need-standardized distributions of health care use by socioeconomic groups among people with arthritis. The concentration index (Cl) was used to assess inequalities in health service use. Influencing factors of inequalities were measured with the decomposition method.
Results
The outpatient and inpatient service use rates among 3255 arthritis patients were 23.1% and 21.4%, respectively. The CIs for actual outpatient visits and inpatient service use were 0.0449 and 0.0985, respectively. The sandardized CIs for both outpatient and inpatient services increase (CI for outpatient visits = 0.0537; CI for inpatient services = 0.1260), indicating the emergence of a significant pro-rich inequity. Annual per capita household expenditure was the chief positive contributor to inequity for both outpatient (104.45%) and inpatient services (105.74%), followed by infrequently social interaction (22.60% for outpatient services) and Urban Employee Basic Medical Insurance(UEBMI) (11.90% for inpatient services). By contrast, UEBMI also provided a high negative contribution to outpatient services (-15.99%).
Conclusions
There are significant pro-rich inequalities in outpatient and inpatient service use among patients with arthritis, which are exacerbated by widening economic gaps. Interventions to address inequalities should start by improving the economic situation of lower socioeconomic households.
Comparative analysis of root-associated fungal diversity and community composition of two Satyrium species
Authors: Poudel Brihaspati , Li Taiqiang , Anbazhakan Rengasamy , Gao Jiangyun
Published: June 2024

Root-associated endophytic fungi (REFs) residing within the host plant can significantly impact on the distribution and abundance of host species. The diversity and community composition of endophytic fungi connected to the roots of two terrestrial orchid species with contrasting distribution patterns, remain little explored. Therefore, we used amplicon sequencing method to explore and analyze the diversity and community composition of fungi associated with the roots of two Satyrium Sw. species, including the widely distributed Satyrium nepalense D. Don. and the narrowly distributed Satyrium yunnanense Rolfe. Our study has illuminated that REFs communities did not show significant difference according to the distribution pattern of host species statistically, because the S. yunnanense was rich in different endophytic fungi than S. nepalense. Anyway, S. yunnanense was dominated by uncul-tured_hygrocybe and S. nepalense was dominated by uncultured_fungus species separately. The result of beta-diversity indicated that there were significant differences in fungal com-munities between the two sample species with (P=0.003) value. It provides the strong evidence against the null hypothesis. Similarly, Linear discriminant analysis Effect Size (LEfSe) and Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) scored the two sample species as crucial by different biomarkers separately and significantly over the sample groups Satyrium nepalense (SN) and Satyrium yunnanense (SY) for their distribution and population stability. Therefore, the diversity and community composition of endophytic fungi are found to be independent on distribution pattern of host alone.