bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Thyroid disorder in pregnancy and postpartum with neonatal outcome a study in tertiary care centre
Authors: Das Bharati , Khuntia Puspanjali
Published: April 2019

Background: Thyroid disorders are well known entity in pregnancy. Both mother and baby have to suffer from the consequences.  Lot of works has been done and many guidelines too came out over the years but what is actual understanding of the disease process by the mothers about themselves and for their babies especially in developing country like India remained uncovered. This has been analysed in present study.Methods: It is a prospective observational study done in the post-partum programmed department of SCB medical college and hospital, a tertiary care center in eastern part of India for 3 years period. Thyroid dysfunction of the mothers and new born screening of thyroid function of their babies has been assessed.Results: During this period total no of the babies along with their mothers were evaluated were 3762. Total no of thyroid disorders detected in 85 (2.25%) of mothers, among which hypothyroidism in 79 (2.09%) and hyperthyroidism in 6 (0.16%) were found. From total 85 cases, 79 (93%) mothers were hypothyroid   and 6 (7%) were hyperthyroid. Among the hypothyroid mothers 32 (40.5%) were diagnosed before present pregnancy and (59.5%) were diagnosed during pregnancy. In the babies of hypothyroid mother, new born screening for thyroid function was done only in 14 (17.7%) cases between 5-10 days.Conclusions: Thyroid screening should be done in pregnancy as universal screening instead of high-risk cases. Documentation and interdepartmental coordination are very much essential in thyroid disorders for further decision by the physician for necessity of continuation of treatment and thyroid function test in the post-partum period for the mothers and its long-term consequences. It also guides the neonatologist or pediatrician doing thyroid function test of their babies. Ideally All newborns should be screened for congenital hypothyroidism as a part of new born screening (NBS) programmed. Effective communication with the mother and the family is very much essential for monitoring and treatment of both mother and the baby.
The study of maternal and foetal outcome in pregnant women with thyroid disorder
Authors: Maurya Priya , Chaudhary Neeta , Tyagi Natasha , Kural M. R. , Bhatnagar Kriti
Published: April 2019

Background: Thyroid disorder is one of the most common disorder in pregnancy. Thyroid disorder is known to be associated with abnormal maternal and foetal outcomes and overlooked in pregnant women because of non-specific symptoms and hypermetabolic state of pregnancy of pregnancy. It is well established that not only overt, but subclinical thyroid dysfunction also has adverse effects on mother and the foetus like miscarriages, preterm delivery, pre-eclampsia, eclampsia, polyhydramnios, placental abruption, postpartum haemorrhage, low birth weight, neonatal hypothyroidism. Decreased availability of thyroid hormones may also impair neurological and intellectual development of foetus. With this background, we are conducting a study to know the effect of thyroid disorder on pregnancy and its maternal and foetal outcome.Methods: The present study was conducted in Muzaffarnagar Medical College, Uttar Pradesh, India in collaboration of department of Gynecology and Obstetrics and Pediatrics Department. It is a prospective random cross-sectional study done over 400 pregnant women which includes known cases of thyroid disorder. Serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) test was apart from the routine blood sample investigations as per FOGSI-ICOG good clinical practice recommendation. fT3, fT4 and thyroid peroxidase antibody test were done in patients with a deranged TSH value. Patients were followed up till delivery, and their obstetrics and perinatal outcomes were noted and managed.Results: In present study out of 400 cases, 25 cases are hypothyroidism and 16 cases are hyperthyroidism in pregnancy. Out of these 41 patients with thyroid dysfunction, complications associated were abortions (14.63%), maternal anaemia (9.7%), pre-eclampsia (12.2%), preterm labour (9.76%), abruption placenta (4.88%), IUGR (2.4%), Still birth (7.32%). Out of 41 patients with thyroid dysfunction, foetal complications seen were hyperbilirubinemia (12.2%), Foetal distress (4.88%), NICU admission (17.07%) and low birth weight (21.95%).Conclusions: Thyroid disorder in pregnancy have adverse effects on maternal and foetal outcome emphasizing the importance of routine antenatal thyroid screening.
Mining Small Routine Clinical Data: A Population Pharmacokinetic Model and Optimal Sampling Times of Capecitabine and its Metabolites
Authors: Oyaga-Iriarte Esther , Insausti Asier , Bueno Lorea , Sayar Onintza , Aldaz Azucena
Published: April 2019

Purpose: The present study was performed to demonstrate that small amounts of routine clinical data allow to generate valuable knowledge. Concretely, the aims of this research were to build a joint population pharmacokinetic model for capecitabine and three of its metabolites (5-DFUR, 5-FU and 5-FUH2) and to determine optimal sampling times for therapeutic drug monitoring. Methods: We used data of 7 treatment cycles of capecitabine in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. The population pharmacokinetic model was built as a multicompartmental model using NONMEM and was internally validated by visual predictive check. Optimal sampling times were estimated using PFIM 4.0 following D-optimality criterion. Results: The final model was a multicompartmental model which represented the sequential transformations from capecitabine to its metabolites 5-DFUR, 5-FU and 5-FUH2 and was correctly validated. The optimal sampling times were 0.546, 0.892, 1.562, 4.736 and 8 hours after the administration of the drug. For its correct implementation in clinical practice, the values were rounded to 0.5, 1, 1.5, 5 and 8 hours after the administration of the drug. Conclusions: Capecitabine, 5-DFUR, 5-FU and 5-FUH2 can be correctly described by the joint multicompartmental model presented in this work. The aforementioned times are optimal to maximize the information of samples. Useful knowledge can be obtained for clinical practice from small databases.
Medullar Kock without Pott: 13 cases observed at the university hospital center of Conakry, Guinea
Authors: Cisse Fode Abass , Sakadi Foksouna , Tassiou Nana Rahamatou Aminou , Balde Amadou Talibe , Nitcheu Woga Arcel Steven , Kenda Bah Aissatou , Djigue Barry Souleymane , Sory Souare Ibrahima , Toure Mohamed Lamine , Cisse Amara
Published: April 2019

Background: The diagnostic certainty of medullar tuberculosis (TB) without Pott disease is difficult to establish in a tropical environment with the large group of infectious, parasitic, and systemic myelopathies, despite the increasing availability of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data and improvement of biological exploration platforms.
Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the files of 186 patients hospitalized in the Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery of the University Hospital Center of Conakry, Guinea, between 2008 and 2016 for the management of non-compressive and compressive myelopathy. Biological evidence of TB infection was demonstrated for 13 (6.9%) patients. 
Results: Infectious clinical picture prior to the development of neurological signs was reported in 11 patients (84.6%). The neurological signs were summed up by the existence of a sensitivo-motor semiology of progressive evolution (100% of cases) with sphincter disorders in 11 patients (84.6%) and a medullary compression symptomatology with a lesion and under lesion syndrome from the outset in 4 patients (30.8%). Medullary MRI revealed an extensive intramedullary hypersignal in 9 patients with non-compressive myelopathy and in 4 cases, the lesions appeared in T1 hypersignal and T2 isosignal were localized. Lumbar puncture (LP) revealed lymphocytic pleocytosis, hypoglucorrhage (0.3 to 0.5 g/l), and leukocytosis.
Conclusion: This study reveals a classic clinical, biological, neuroradiological, and evolutionary profile of compressive and non-compressive myelopathies. These results are important for the 
therapeutic and evolutionary discussion of TB myelopathies for good management.
Human T-lymphotropic virus type I and breastfeeding; systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature
Authors: Boostani Reza , Sadeghi Ramin , Sabouri Amir , Ghabeli-Juibary Ali
Published: April 2019

Background: The human T-cell lymphotropic virus type-I (HTLV-I) is the first identified pathogenic human retrovirus. Breastfeeding has been reported to be the predominant route of vertical transmission of HTLV-I. The objective of this systematic review was to pool and evaluate the data on the transmission of HTLV-I with different infant-feeding practices on children born to HTLV-I-positive mothers. We conducted a systematic review of comparison of HTLV-I transmission risk to breastfed and bottle-fed 
babies.
Methods: We searched the following databases: MEDLINE, SID, Magiran, and Cochrane Library. The search strategy was limited to articles in English. Initial screening identified 254 citations; of these, 96 potentially relevant articles were identified. After reviewing the 96 full-text articles in detail, 7 reports met the inclusion criteria for this review.
Results: Pooled odds ratio (OR) and risk difference (RD) of HTLV-I transmission in the breastfed group compared to the bottle-fed infants were [OR = 3.48, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.58-7.64, P = 0.0020, Cochran’s Q = 27.7, P = 0.0010, and I2 = 67.5%] and (RD = 17.1%, 95% CI: 7.5%-26.7%, P < 0.0001, Cochran’s Q = 106, P < 0.0001, and I2 = 91.5%). So, we have evidence to support that exclusive breast feeding more than 6 months in comparison to bottle feeding highly 
increases transmission rate of HTLV-I infection. We have also enough evidence to support that exclusive breast feeding up to 6 months compared to bottle feeding does not increase transmission rate of HTLV-I infection (pooled OR = 0.912, CI: 0.45-1.80; OR: 3.83, CI: 1.80-8.10, respectively).
Conclusion: The current meta-analysis showed that short period (less than 6 months) of breastfeeding did not increase risk of HTLV-I infection transmission from mother to child among breastfeeders and more than 6 months of breastfeeding significantly increased the risk of HTLV-I infection. However, our meta-analysis shows that refraining from breastfeeding can decrease the risk of vertical HTLV-I transmission.
Supratentorial intraparenchymal schwannoma in a 44-year-old woman; a rare case report
Authors: Khaleghi Mehdi , Arefidoust Alireza , Yaftian Rahele , Ghamarnejad Omid , Ghodsi Seyyed Mohammad
Published: April 2019

Abstract not available.
Size distribution and chemical composition of indoor and outdoor particles in lab building
Authors: Oroji Balal , Sadighzadeh Asghar , Solgi Eisa , Zakeri Alireza , Oliaei Mohammad Sadegh , Yousefi Hossein
Published: April 2019

Introduction: Exposure to toxic components in indoor PM is associated with a wide spectrum of adverse respiratory and cardiovascular health effects. The fine PM pollution in ambient air is currently a major health concern in Iran and is driving increasing research interest. Due to air pollution in Tehran met-ropolitan, it is necessary to study the concentration and size distribution of particles inside and outside the building.
 
Materials and methods: Hence, for this study, concentration and size distribution of particles matter was calculated with diameters of PM≤0.4, PM0.4-0.7, PM0.7-1.1, PM1.1-2.1, PM2.1-3.3, PM3.3-4.7, PM4.7-7, PM7-11, PM≥11 and TSP during two seasons in the lab building in the Tehran. Measurements on the aerodynamic size of atmospheric aerosols carried with Anderson type 1-ACFM Cascade Impactor with six-stage. The length of each collection period was about 24 h.
Results: The results show that the effect of outdoor air pollution on the con-centration of particles in the indoor environment is significant. According to these results, the lowest value is for particles with a diameter greater than 11
µm. the highest value of this ratio is dedicated to PM≤0.4 and with the increase of the aerodynamic diameter of the particles, the I/O decreases as well. A similar trend was recorded for concentration of TSP. The highest difference in the concentration of TSP in indoor and outdoor was 60.25 and 188.36 µg/ m3, respectively.
Conclusion: This effect is due to factors such as the lack of standard ventilation, old doors and windows and the life of the building.
Documentação de línguas e culturas indígenas
Authors: Camargo Eliane , Wayana Asiwae , Kaxinawa Mudu
Published: April 2019

Nos últimos vinte anos, instituições acadêmicas nacionais e internacionais,Fundações culturais e ONGs têm fomentado a preservação de culturas e línguas ameaçadas de extensão em um futuro próximo. O mundo conta com um pouco mais de 6 000 línguas, vinte e cinco das quais desaparecem anualmente. As línguas ameríndias, sobretudo as amazônicas, estão na fila. Diferentes esforços lutam em prol de uma política indiscriminável pelo direito de “existir, mantendo sua dignidade sociocultural e linguística, independentemente de suas origens étnicas.” O presente texto apresenta algumas dessas ações, dentro do âmbito da documentação de três culturas e línguas indígenas: caxinauá, aparai e wayana
Habitus, dialogismo e resistência no discurso das últimas falantes da língua munduruku do Amazonas
Authors: Cardoso Ytanajé Coelho
Published: April 2019

objetivo deste trabalho é evidenciar o habitus e o dialogismo inscritos no discurso das últimas falantes da língua munduruku do Amazonas e delinear a maneira pela qual esse movimento enunciativo se projeta como uma proposta de resistência discursiva ante as transformações que vêm ocorrendo no cenário cultural e linguístico dos munduruku do Amazonas. A abordagem se assenta na Etnolinguística, cujo referencial adotado tem como base as propostas de Pierre Bourdieu e de Mikhail Bakhtin. A metodologia utilizada consistiu em análise bibliográfica, análise documental e pesquisa de campo, realizadas em duas etapas, no período de 2015 a 2017.
发动机振动对发动机性能的影响初探
Authors: 腾远 刘
Published: April 2019

发动机是航空飞机重要的动力设备，在运行阶段保持良好的工作状态，对各类设施设备运行安全性、稳定性会产生较大影响。发动机是重要的能量转换器，将油气混合物有效转化为热量。在气缸中进行内部燃烧，推动活塞运动，属于将热量转化为机械能的基本原理，所以当前全面提升发动机应用性能是相关研究人员关注的重点问题。随着社会各领域全面发展，各项技术逐步发展，发动机性能也在进一步优化，但是受到诸多不确定因素影响导致发动机运行中存在多项问题。比如振动故障对发动机运行效率、应用寿命会产生较多负面影响。
高墩施工技术在高速公路桥梁施工中的应用
Authors: 克昊 陈
Published: April 2019

随着我国经济的发展，我国高速桥梁工程的发展规模逐渐扩大，工程数量也呈逐年上升趋势，高墩施工技术是高速公路桥梁施工中的重要环节，直接影响高速公路桥梁的整体质量。基于此，本文主要结合具体的工程实例，对高墩施工技术在高速公路桥梁施工中的具体应用进行分析，希望为相关人士提供有价值的参考。
道路桥梁施工中的裂缝成因及预防措施探析
Authors: 雄峰 杨
Published: April 2019

为了保证道路桥梁施工质量，施工管理部门要对裂缝问题予以系统化关注，建立完整的施工监管机制，减少裂缝造成的安全隐患。本文简要分析了道路桥梁施工中的裂缝类型，并对裂缝成因、裂缝的预防措施展开了讨论，仅供参考。
化学灌浆在营运高速公路路基、路面沉陷处治的应用
Authors: 洪波 罗
Published: April 2019

路基营运高速公路路面经常出现的病害，如何防止路基继续沉降，一直是高速养护的一个难题。
高速公路沥青路面常见病害及其处理方法初探
Authors: 庆双 邵
Published: April 2019

随着社会的发展，高速公路的使用逐渐受到人们的重视。在使用时间不断增长的背景下，高速公路的沥青路面难免会出现何种类型的病害，进而对高速公路的使用产生严重的影响。因此，需要重视对高速公路沥青路面危害的处理，明确当下高速公路沥青路面中存在的常见危害，结合有效的处理方式进行公路路面养护。基于此，本文针对高速公路沥青路面常见病害及其处理方法进行探究，望具有参考价值。
The efficacy of using ozone in dentistry – review
Authors: Mocny-Pachońska Katarzyna , Kuśka-Kiełbratowska Anna , Skaba Dariusz , Wójcik Mateusz , Janowska-Bogacz Katarzyna , Tanasiewicz Marta
Published: April 2019

Celem niniejszej pracy jest zaprezentowanie właściwości, mechanizmu działania oraz skuteczności zastosowania ozonu we współczesnej stomatologii. Ozon jako alotropowa forma tlenu, o wzorze chemicznym O3, ma silne właściwości utleniające, co sprawia, że na jego działanie podatne są bakterie Gram-dodatnie, Gram-ujemne, wirusy, spory oraz komórki wegetatywne. Szerokie zastosowanie terapeutyczne w stomatologii ozon zawdzięcza właściwościom: przeciwdrobnoustrojowym, stymulującym układ odpornościowy, przeciwbólowym, detoksykacyjnym, antyhipoksyjnym, biosyntetycznym oraz biostymulującym. Ponadto znajduje zastosowanie w wielu dziedzinach stomatologii: w profilaktyce, stomatologii zachowawczej (wybielanie zębów, leczenie nadwrażliwości zębiny), endodoncji, stomatologii dziecięcej, ortodoncji, periodontologii i leczeniu chorób błony śluzowej jamy ustnej, protetyce oraz chirurgii stomatologicznej. Ozonoterapia, zarówno w postaci mieszaniny wodnej, jak i w formie gazowej, wspomaga efekty terapeutyczne, jednak dopracowania wymagają standardy jej zastosowania.
Spontan abortus ve istemli gebelik tahliyesi olgularında desiduada T lenfosit subgrupları ve uterin doğal öldürücü hücre sayılarının immunohistokimyasal yöntem ile karşılaştırılması
Authors: KÖSE Semir , KARAARSLAN TAKMAZ Serap , ULUKUŞ Murat , ZEKİOĞLU Osman , YILMAZ Hüseyin
Published: April 2019

Amaç: Desiduada T lenfositlerin
toplam sayılarının, sitotoksik (Ts) ve helper (Th) alt gruplarının ve uterin naturel
killer (uNK) hücre sayılarının abortuslar ve tekrarlayan gebelik kayıplarının
(TGK) patogenezindeki rolünün araştırılması hedeflenmiştir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Ocak 2003- Ocak 2005
tarihleri arasında Ege Üniversitesi Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum kliniğinde
gebelik tahliyesi yapılmış ve küretaj materyallerine ait parafin blokları elde
edilen abortus (n:29) ve sağlıklı kontrol olarak isteğe bağlı gebelik
tahliyeleri (n:10) olguları çalışmaya dahil edildi. Tüm T lenfositler için
ortak belirteç CD3, Th için CD4, Ts için CD8 ve uNK hücreleri için CD56
belirteçleri ile seçici immunohistokimyasal boyama sağlandı ve her preparat
için 10 alanda hücreler sayıldı. 

Bulgular: Medyan CD3+ T lenfosit
toplam hücre sayıları kontrol grubunda 314 (210-489), inkomplet abortus
grubunda 560 (183-1602) ve missed abortus grubunda ise 426 (154-1102) idi (p:
0.117). Medyan CD4+ Th hücre sayıları kontrol grubunda 143 (87-203), inkomplet
abortus grubunda 236 (77-735) ve missed abortus grubunda ise 236 (76-677) idi
(p: 0.441). Medyan CD8+ Ts hücre sayıları kontrol grubunda 179 (105-279),
inkomplet abortus grubunda 239 (90-820) ve missed abortus grubunda 197 (84-560)
idi (p:0.530). Medyan CD56+ uNK hücre sayıları kontrol grubunda 634 (554-1390),
inkomplet abortus grubunda 714 (653-2165) ve missed abortus grubunda 712
(306-2108) idi (p:0.099). 

Sonuç: Abortuslar ve TGK heterojen
gruplardır ve farklı patogeneze sahip olgulardan oluşmaktadır. Bir alt grupta
immün mekanizmalar nedensel rol oynuyor olabilir. Öncelikle karyotip analizi
ile kategorize edilmiş gruplarda daha güncel metodlarla (akış sitometri, gen
ekspresyon ve reseptör aktivasyon analizleri) yapılacak ileri çalışmalar
abortuslarda immün sistem elemanlarının karmaşık rolünün aydınlatılması için
gerekli görünmektedir.
Overview of this issue
Authors: Robertson Pete , Barham Lyn
Published: April 2019

Not available
Evaluating employer career interventions in English schools
Authors: McIntosh Ian , Yates Julia
Published: April 2019

Government policy on English schools’ careers activities indicates an emphasis on employer interventions over traditional career guidance. A literature review suggested that the impact of employer interventions on students’ career learning was less fully researched than that of traditional guidance. This study evaluates and compares the impact of career guidance interviews and selected employer careers interventions. Using a pre-test, post-test quantitative methodology (n=233) to measure the interventions’ effects on different career learning outcomes, the study suggests that vocational guidance interviews are more effective than employer interventions at enhancing the vocational identity and decision-making self-efficacy of year 10 and 11 students.
Career decision making in a rural school
Authors: Ramage Elysha
Published: April 2019

This research focuses on the complexity of career decision making in rural school-leavers. Whilst there has been research conducted on graduate career choice and identity in island communities in Scotland, there is little research on rural school-leaver career choices in mainland Scotland. This qualitative project aimed to contribute to the knowledge base in relation to career decision making in rural school-leavers. Participants were interviewed about their post-school plans and thematic analysis was used to analyse the data. Themes of ‘proximity’, ‘perceptions of home location’, ‘support network’ and ‘personal agency’ were found to influence the career decisions of the pupils. It was found that whilst home location influenced the pupils’ decisions, this combined with personal agency and socio-economic factors.
Heteronormativity and barriers to successful career interventions: An exploratory study
Authors: Hopkins Kristan , Hambly Liane
Published: April 2019

This paper reports on the findings of a small-scale action research study. The aim of the research was to examine the extent to which heteronormative bias exists amongst a small sample of career practitioners. This was explored within the context of a simulated one-to-one consultation which research participants viewed online. A central question for the research was the extent to which practitioners operated from a heteronormative perspective and the potential impact this could have on ‘LGB/T’ clients. The main finding from the research was that the majority of participants seemed to operate through such a lens which could have detrimental consequences for clients. Whilst the research has its limitations and the findings cannot be generalised, it raises important questions both for future research and practice.
La protección al consumidor en las webs de juego online de los operadores con licencia en España
Authors: Hernández Ruiz Alejandra
Published: April 2019

La evolución del sector del juego online en España muestra una tendencia alcista desde el inicio del mercado regulado.  Al margen de su impacto económico, es preciso tomar en consideración los aspectos sociales, de orden público y de salud asociados a esta actividad recreativa. Con el fin de promocionar actitudes de juego moderado, no compulsivo y responsable, en el artículo 8 de la Ley de regulación del juego (2011), se establece la obligatoriedad de desarrollar esta actividad lúdica desde una política integral de responsabilidad social corporativa que contemple acciones preventivas, de sensibilización, intervención y control, así como de reparación de los efectos negativos producidos. En este contexto, el objetivo general de esta investigación reside en analizar la política de protección al consumidor en las webs de juego online de los operadores con licencia en nuestro país. De la muestra inicial de 45 operadores que dispone, al menos, de un sitio web que ofrece juego online, 40 presentan una página web operativa. La técnica metodológica utilizada es el análisis de contenido. Las variables objeto de estudio se configuran en torno a los dos componentes principales de cualquier programa de prevención de adicciones (1) Información y sensibilización; (2) Promoción de medidas preventivas específicas. Se observa que, en líneas generales, para poder hablar de un cumplimiento efectivo de los estándares preventivos básicos, se precisan mejoras que afectan tanto al fondo como a la forma de dichos mensajes.
Media Representation of Children’s Privacy in the Context of the Use of “Smart” Toys and Commercial Data Collection
Authors: Milosevic Tijana , Dias Patricia , Mifsud Charles , Trueltzsch-Wijnen Christine W.
Published: April 2019

The growing use of “smart” toys has made it increasingly important to understand the various privacy implications of their use by children and families. The article is a case study of how the risks to young children’s privacy, posed by the commercial data collection of producers of “smart” toys, were represented in the media. Relying on a content analysis of media coverage in twelve European countries and Australia collected during the Christmas season of 2016/2017, and reporting on a follow-up study in selected countries during the Christmas season of 2017/2018, our article illustrates how the issue of children’s privacy risks was dealt with in a superficial manner, leaving relevant stakeholders without substantive information about the issue; and with minimum representation of children’s voices in the coverage itself.
Integrated real-time flood forecasting and inundation analysis in small-medium streams
Authors: Kim Byunghyun , Choi Seung-Yong , Han Kun-Yeun
Published: April 2019

This study presents the application of an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) and one dimensional (1-D) and two dimensional (2-D) hydrodynamic models to improve the problems of hydrological models currently used for flood forecasting in small-medium streams of South Korea. The optimal combination of input variables (e.g., rainfall and water level) in ANFIS was selected based on a statistical analysis of the observed and forecasted values. Two membership functions (MFs) and two ANFIS rules were determined by the subtractive clustering (SC) approach in the processes of training and checking. The developed ANFIS was applied to Jungrang Stream and water levels for six lead times (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 and 3.0 hour) were forecasted. Based on point forecasted water levels by ANFIS, 1-D section flood forecast and 2-D spatial inundation analysis were carried out. This study demonstrated that the proposed methodology can forecast flooding based only on observed data without abundant physical, and can be performed in real time by integrating point- and section flood forecasting and spatial inundation analysis.
Penerapan Library AR.JS untuk Pembuatan Augmented Reality Sebagai Media Pembelajaran Pengenalan Hewan
Authors: Wibowo Dimas Wahyu , Saputra Pramana Yoga , Amalia Eka Larasati , Ulfa Farida
Published: April 2019

Augemented Reality (AR) merupakan teknologi yang menggabungkan bedan maya 3D ke dalam dunia nyata dan dalam waktu nyata. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknologi AR ke dalam bentuk media pembelajaran pengenalan hewan unutk anak-anak. Aplikasi ini dirancang untuk memudahkan anak-anak dalam mengenal nama dan jenis hewan. AR dapat menyajkan pembelajaran yang interaktif, karena anak-anak tidak hanya belajar secara teori namun mereka juga dapat melihat objek hewan secara 3D. Aplikasi ini dibuat menggunakan AFrame Dari hasil pengujian yang telah dilakukan, dapat disimpulkan bahwa aplikasi yang dibangun mampu menampilkan semua visualisasi objek 3D sehingga dapat digunakan untuk media pembelajaran
Integrated Reservoir-Network Simulation Improves Modeling and Selection of Subsea Boosting Systems for a Deepwater Development
Authors: Seth Gaurav , Valbuena Ernesto , Tam Soong , Da Sie Will , Kumar Hemant , Arias Brian , Price Troy
Published: April 2019

In this paper we present the results and analyses from an integrated simulation study focused on evaluating and selecting subsea boosting systems. The integrated model uses field-management strategies incorporating flowline routing, field and gathering-network constraints, and rate allocation. Novel techniques to model subsea networks enable selection of the boosting system and provide an improved understanding of dynamic conditions encountered in deepwater assets. The selected boosting system ensures safe and reliable operations while improving the project's net present value.

Combining responses from reservoir and network systems into an integrated model to evaluate the subsea design requirements is a unique aspect of this study, because this involves novel modeling techniques for boosting systems (pumps). The robust approach ensures consistency of phase behavior across the system components, identification of pump requirements, production optimization, and cost reduction. Analysis of these outputs leads to an improved understanding of field operation strategies, equipment selection and sizing, and production forecasts.

The integrated model uses inflow performance relationships (IPRs) from reservoir simulation and vertical lift tables to generate performance curves (PCs), representing well deliverability as a function of tubinghead pressure. Comprehensive field-management logic uses the PCs to determine optimal well operating rates that satisfy all subsurface and surface constraints. This approach reduces a complex set of constraints to a single operating rate. Well operating rate is also a function of the pump power, the pump suction pressure, and the fluid phase behavior across the pumps. The integrated model delivers pump performance within its operating envelope and ensures equipment integrity.

Two components of the subsea boosting system, single- and multiphase pumps, drove performance optimization and selection of system operating conditions. The study incorporated a comprehensive analysis of system constraints through implementation of complex field-management rules that accounted for well integrity (completions), performance of network equipment (valves, boosters, pump power requirements), facility capacities, and reservoir deliverability. The integrated study identified the different limiting system constraints throughout the life of the field and improved the overall efficiency of the gathering system. Use of PCs to reduce the constraints to a single operating rate provides tremendous computational performance improvement. Moreover, unlike typical optimization problems, adding more constraints to the system did not affect computational performance significantly.
Reliability of pleth variability index in predicting preload responsiveness of mechanically ventilated patients under various conditions: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Liu Tianyu , Xu Chao , Wang Min , Niu Zheng , Qi Dun yi
Published: April 2019

Background: Goal-directed volume expansion is increasingly used for fluid management in mechanically ventilated patients. The Pleth Variability Index (PVI) has been shown to reliably predict preload responsiveness; however, a lot of research on PVI has been published recently, and update of the meta-analysis needs to be completed. Methods: We searched PUBMED, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science (updated to November 7, 2018) and the associated references. We also contacted relevant authors and researchers. Results: Twenty-five studies with 975 patients were included in this meta-analysis. All patients were mechanically ventilated. The area under the curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristics (ROC) to predict preload responsiveness in patients was 0.82 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.79 - 0.85). The pooled sensitivity was 0.77 (95% CI 0.67-0.85) and the pooled specificity was 0.77 (95% CI 0.71-0.82). The results of subgroup of patients without undergoing surgery (AUC =0.86, Youden index =0.65) and the results of subgroup of patients in ICU (AUC =0.89, Youden index =0.67) were reliable. Conclusion: The reliability of the PVI is limited, but the PVI can play an important role in bedside monitoring for mechanically ventilated patients who are not undergoing surgery. Patients who are expanded with colloid may be more suitable for PVI.
Comparison of four formulas for the intraocular lens power prediction
Authors: Hua Yanjun , Qiu Wei , Wu Qiang
Published: April 2019

Purpose

To assess the accuracy of four formulas for intraocular lens (IOL) power prediction in cataractous eyes.

METHODS

In this prospective study, 51 eyes of 38 cataractous patients with an axial length (AL) between 24.0 and 26.0 mm were included. Preoperatively, Topolyzer, IOLMaster and A-scan were performed. At least 3 months after the surgery, subjective refraction was conducted. Haigis, SRK/T, Hoffer Q and Holladay 1 formulas based on ocular biometry from A-scan combining Topolyzer, IOLMaster combining Topolyzer and IOLMaster only were applied for IOL power prediction.

RESULTS

The four formulas based on biometry from IOLMaster combining Topolyzer and IOLMaster only performed better than those based on biometry from A-scan combining Topolyzer. Based on biometry from IOLMaster combining Topolyzer, Haigis formula had a mean NEs of -0.03 ± 0.71 D and a mean AEs of 0.53 ± 0.47 D, SRK/T formula had a mean NEs of 0.37 ± 0.72 D and a mean AEs of 0.63 ± 0.50 D, Hoffer Q formula had a mean NEs of 0.05 ± 0.62 D and a mean AEs of 0.43 ± 0.44 D, Holladay 1 formula had a mean NEs of 0.32 ± 0.63 D and a mean AEs of 0.54 ± 0.45 D. Based on biometry from IOLMaster only, Haigis formula had a mean NEs of 0.02 ± 0.54 D and a mean AEs of 0.41 ± 0.36 D, SRK/T formula had a mean NEs of 0.41 ± 0.54 D and a mean AEs of 0.52 ± 0.43 D, Hoffer Q formula had a mean NEs of 0.05 ± 0.58 D and a mean AEs of 0.36 ± 0.46 D, Holladay 1 formula had a mean NEs of 0.32 ± 0.45 D and a mean AEs of 0.43 ± 0.35 D.

CONCLUSIONS

Haigis and Hoffer Q formulas performed slightly better than SRK/T and Holladay 1 formulas. Therefore, for cataractous patients with moderate AL, all four formulas based the biometry from IOLMaster combining Topolyzer and IOLMaster only can be used for the prediction of IOL power, and the Haigis and Hoffer Q formulas are particularly recommended.
Optical Quality after Posterior Chamber Phakic Implantation of an Intraocular Lens with a Central Hole (V4c Implantable Collamer Lens) under Different Lighting Conditions
Authors: He Tianrui , Zhu Yi , Zhou Jibo
Published: April 2019

Background

The current study compared optical quality before and after implantation of a posterior chamber phakic intraocular lens with a central hole [V4c implantable collamer lens (ICL)] under bright and dark lighting conditions by means of the Optical Quality Analysis System™ (OQAS; Visiometrics, Terrassa, Spain).

Methods

This prospective study involved 91 eyes of 46 consecutive patients undergoing implantation of a V4c ICL (15 males and 31 females). The modulation transfer function (MTF) cutoff frequency, Strehl ratio, objective scattering index (OSI), and predicted visual acuities (PVAs; 100%, 20%, and 9%), under different lighting conditions, were measured before and 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months after surgery.

Results

All optical parameters showed significant improvements, at all time points, under dark condition after surgery. We observed no significant changes in PVA 9% at 1 week (P=0.12) or 1 month after surgery (P=0.08) under light condition; but all other postoperative parameters improved significantly. Comparing the two lighting conditions, the OSI decreased more under dark conditions at 1 week (P=0.02), 1 month (P=0.004), and 3 months (P=0.002), but there was no significant difference in any other parameter. In addition, patients were divided into a high myopia group (group H) and a super-high myopia group (group S), the group S improved significantly more than group H in all parameters, under both bright and dark conditions.

Conclusions

V4c ICL implantation improved optical quality under both bright and dark lighting conditions, and had a better ability to reduce the extent of scattering in the dark. Furthermore, group S achieved greater improvement in visual quality, which should be considered by physicians before surgery.
Monocular visual impairment in a patient undergoing cisplatin-based chemotherapy: a case report and clinical findings
Authors: Yuan Xia , Feng Yuliang , Li Dan , Li Mei
Published: April 2019

Background

Visual impairment occurred as an infrequent form of chemotherapeutic toxicity and was often underestimated despite of several reports. We described a case of acute monocular visual impairment after one cycle of intravenous cisplatin-based chemotherapy of normal dose, aimed at raising attention to chemotherapy-induced ocular toxicity.

Case presentation

The patient consulted to an ophthalmologist, and during her follow-up period we documented the ophthalmologic examinations including visual acuity, visual field (VF), visual evoked potential (VEP), electroretinogram (ERG), fundus photograph (FP), fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) and optical coherence tomography (OCT). During chemotherapy, the patient developed progressive vision loss in the right eye. No evidence of ocular infiltration was observed from the cerebral magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Ophthalmoscope examination and fundus photograph showed optic disc edema, fuzzy boundary and linear hemorrhages in the right eye. Fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) revealed capillary underdevelopment at the nasal and superior temporal area of optic disc in the early phase and capillary fluorescein leakage in the late phase. The result of VEP test suggested that the function of optic nerve was impaired. A diagnosis of nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) was made by an ophthalmologist and the patient received prednisone combined with neuroprotective drugs, which did not work. After cessation of chemotherapy, her impaired vision gradually improved.

Conclusions

This is the first reported case of acute visual impairment in a patient undergoing cisplatin-based chemotherapy of normal dose. It is warranted that cancer patients benefiting from chemotherapy simultaneously suffer from the risk of vision loss.
Building the ensembles of credit scoring models
Authors: Velykoivanenko Halyna , Savina Svitlana , Kolechko Dmitriy , Ben’ Vladyslav
Published: April 2019

The article is devoted to solving the actual problem of increasing the efficiency of assessing the credit risks of individual borrowers by finding the optimal combination of the results of calculations of specific scoring models. The principles of the formation of an ensemble of models are given and the existing approaches to the construction of ensemble structures are analyzed. In the process of experimental research has been applied one of the modifications of the boosting algorithm and implemented the author's algorithm for constructing an ensemble of models based on the specialization of experts. The radial-basis function neural networks were used as specific expert models. As a result of a comparative analysis of the efficiency of the used ensemble technologies it was confirmed that the algorithm for constructing an ensemble based on the specialization of experts proposed by the authors is the most adapted for the task of assessing credit risk.
Highly efficient enhancement of municipal sludge dewaterability using persulfate activation with nZVI/HA
Authors: Li Hao , Song Lei , Han Baohong , Song Hongwei , Bai Runying , Li Huidong , Wang Qian , Lin Zhipeng , Hu Wenbin
Published: April 2019

This study presents a sulfate radical-based oxidation method for improving municipal sludge dewaterability by combining persulfate and nanoscale zero-valent iron supported on humic acid (nZVI/HA-PS). Sludge dewaterability using persulfate activation with nZVI/HA was assessed for specific resistance to filterability (SRF), time to filter (TTF), settling volume percentage (SV30) and water content (Wc). The influencing factors, such as mass ratios of nZVI to HA, initial pH, PS dosage and nZVI/HA nanocomposite dosage, were investigated. Experimental results indicated that the SRF reduction efficiency of the sludge reached 86.47% using initial concentrations of 1.2 mmol/gVSS PS and 300 mg/L nZVI/HA. The soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD) of sludge supernatants increased from 79 mg/L to 710 mg/L under optimum conditioning, indicating that sludge flocs were effectively decomposed. Economic analysis demonstrated that the nZVI/HA-PS conditioning process is a potential method for improving sludge dewaterability.
Application of sodium ferrate produced from industrial wastes for TOC removal of surface water
Authors: Momtazpour H. , Jorfi S. , Tabatabaie T. , Pazira A. A.
Published: April 2019

This study aimed to investigate the effect of sodium ferrate synthesized from industrial effluents (SF-W) and that of synthetized from analytical grade chemicals (SF-O) on total organic carbon (TOC) removal from surface water. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize the operating variables such as pH, dosing rate, rapid mixing time, and gentle mixing speed on TOC removal. A TOC removal of 89.805% and 79.79% was observed for SF-O and SF-W, respectively. Ferrate as SF-O and SF-W demonstrated 26.67% and 8.51% more TOC removal at a lower dosage compared to conventional chemicals such as chlorine, ozone, poly aluminum chloride (PAC) and polyelectrolyte. The optimum conditions of the independent variables including sodium ferrate (SF-O and SF-W), pH, rapid mixing time and gentle mixing speed were found to be 1.54 mg/L and 2.68 mg/L, 8.5, 30 s at 120 rpm for coagulation followed by 20 min of gentle mixing. Economic analysis showed that the application of SF instead of conventional chemicals provides a significant reduction in operational costs by about 68%, mainly because of the reduction of chemicals and energy consumption.
On the problem of finding the parameters of elastic fastening of the edges of a rectangular plate
Authors: Akhtyamov A.M. , Muftakhov A.V.
Published: April 2019

A rectangular plate is considered, in which two opposite edges are freely supported, while the other two are supported by elastic beams. In this paper, we prove the duality of the solution of the problem of finding the rigidities of elastic beams by all natural oscillation frequencies of a plate. It is also shown that if the rank of a certain matrix is equal to 9, then both solutions of the problem of finding the rigidities of elastic beams can be found from 9 natural frequencies.
Possible mechanism of infarction
Authors: Zakhirov K.R. , Sametov S.P. , Akhmetov A.T.
Published: April 2019

The article presents original results of blood flow in capillary which may be a new look at the development of a heart attack. Blood was used with the addition of an anti-coagulant, a glugicir. The experiments were carried out with both reduced and strongly increased concentration of red blood cells. The description of the effects arising during the flow of blood at various pressure drops is accompanied by pictures. The work is of a pioneer character the observed effects require further systematic study.
Method for the development of models of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS). API functions of virtual environment for designing, testing and debugging MEMS
Authors: Darintsev O.V. , Migranov A.B.
Published: April 2019

The article deals with the modeling of micro-systems, the problems associated with the development of virtual models and their use as an interface add-in in real microtechnological modules. The methods for creating models of microrobots and microsystems for a virtual environment for designing, testing and debugging MEMS with APIs (Application Programm Interface) are used for its open, modular, expandable architecture.
“Una ciencia tan útil como agradable”. Los discursos del catedrático Pío Bustamante y Rocha: ilustración y romanticismo en la enseñanza botánica, 1845-1860
Authors: Vega y Ortega Baez Rodrigo Antonio
Published: April 2019

El objetivo de este trabajo es comprender el desarrollo de la cátedra de Botánica expresado en el eclecticismo de los discursos ilustrados y románticos. Se basa en los estudios sociales de la ciencia que permiten relacionar la historia de la educación con el desarrollo de la ciencia mexicana. La cátedra de Botánica funcionó durante la crisis sociopolítica que permeaba en el país y fue un espacio científico mexicano activo en el siglo XIX. En este sentido, la investigación requiere de contrastar la fuente hemerográfica con la archivística y bibliográfica para comprender a cabalidad la dinámica científica. La originalidad del trabajo consiste en que hasta el momento se carecía de estudios históricos relativos al desarrollo del Jardín Botánico del país entre 1845 y 1860 basados en la prensa. Entre los hallazgos destaca que el interés por el desarrollo de la botánica en México se debió a su utilidad en la generación de recursos económicos a la sociedad y al Estado nación.
Discriminación a jóvenes indígenas vendedores ambulantes en espacios públicos de San Cristóbal de las Casas, Chiapas
Authors: Chi Aguilar Reynaldo , Horbath Corredor Jorge Enrique , Gracia María Amalia , Schmook Birgit Inge
Published: April 2019

El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar la discriminación de jóvenes indígenas vendedores ambulantes en espacios públicos. A partir de una triangulación de métodos cualitativos y cuantitativos y de una revisión de datos censales de 2010, se analizan las experiencias de discriminación. Como resultado, se confirma que la discriminación, el acoso, la segregación de los espacios públicos y la extorsión por la condición étnica conducen a la marginalidad indígena en la ciudad. Entre las implicaciones se tiene que el Estado supone como problema a los jóvenes indígenas vendedores ambulantes y formula políticas de uso del espacio público para justificar su retiro. En el estudio, se involucran diferentes técnicas de análisis de información y a diferentes actores para tener una visión más amplia del fenómeno. Entre las conclusiones,destaca que los jóvenes indígenas vendedores ambulantes relacionan el trabajo con la adquisición de sentido de responsabilidad, así como el Estado no garantiza bienestar social.
Apuntes teóricos brasileños a la historia ambiental. Un paso impostergable en la constitución de una historia ambiental latinoamericana y caribeña
Authors: Morales Jasso Gerardo
Published: April 2019

El texto busca introducir a los historiadores hispanoamericanos y caribeños a la historia ambiental brasileña. Para su preparación se seleccionaron propuestas de nueve historiadores ambientales brasileños y se sintetizaron temáticamente. De modo que el artículo es una síntesis crítica de textos escritos por ellos. Tal síntesis, por cuestión de espacio, no muestra las coincidencias y diferencias con la historia ambiental hispanoamericana y caribeña, pero nos propone prestar mayor atención a la historia ambiental brasileña con el fin de conformar un colectivo de historiadores ambientales latinoamericanos en diálogo. Además, redefine las categorías ambiente, sociedad y naturaleza con base en los sintagmas “antroposociedad” y “naturaleza no antrópica”, lo que resignifica la historia ambiental en un contexto de revolución científica y plantea su complicada relación con la historia social. También aborda la discusión interdisciplina /transdisciplina/subdisciplina.
Pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines: A Close Look into their Synthesis and Applications
Authors: Al-Azmi Amal
Published: April 2019

Pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines are fused N-heterocyclic systems of a pyrazole. They are considered as a key structural motif in many vital applications, such as medicinal, pharmaceuticals, pesticides, dyes and pigments. Their synthetic routes have escalated dramatically in the last decades. The current review is a recent synthetic survey of pyrazolo[ 1,5-a]pyrimidines and their applications until recently.