bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Breaking the Shackles of the Metropolitan Thesis: Prairie History, the Environment and Layered Identities
Authors: Irwin Robert
Published: December 2016

The prairie identity expressed in historical writings bears little resemblance to that created by prairie writers, painters and song writers. Prairie historians, working within the conceptual framework of the Metropolitan thesis or Limited Identities, suggest that if a prairie identity exists, it is found in regional, political and economic protests against the external metropolis and the capitalist system. The emphasis on these constructs in the “new western history” in the United States indicates the strength of this early Canadian historical scholarship, but the paradigm is not entirely useful for understanding identity. Prairie historians have not used either the Annaliste paradigm or the new literature on constructed identities in the formulation of their work. This review of writings in Canadian prairie history and western American history suggests that a new synthesis of prairie history that searches for identity within a new. framework is needed. Prairie historians must begin their work with an understanding of the relationships between people and the environment on the prairies. These environmental relationships provide the continuity upon which a new understanding of prairie identity can be constructed. This identity must be understood as an autonomous layer of consciousness rather than a “limited identity” within a national consciousness.
Embodied Negotiations: Children's Bodies and Historical Change in Canada, 1930 to 1960
Authors: Gleason Mona
Published: December 2016

Using adult memories of growing up in Canada, this study explores the role children's bodies and embodiment played in shaping private experience and historical change between 1930 and 1960. Attention is focussed on gender, race and sexuality as primary forces in the embodiment of children. During the period under study here, childhood was conceptualized as a time to inculcate particular attitudes towards gender, sexuality, race and class that would influence children's sense of self and, ultimately, serve the interests of the hegemonic social order — white, middle-class, patriarchal, herosexual. In adult memories of growing up, the body is remembered as the site through which acceptable self-identities and the priorities of the larger social order were mediated and negotiated. Although these two impulses were often at odds in childhood, the former was often conflated with the latter.
Historical Roots of Canadian Democracy
Authors: Greer Allan
Published: December 2016

Concentrating on the crucial decade of the 1830s, this essay examines the political thrust and social underpinnings of early Canadian democracy. It concentrates on the role of local community life, problems of exclusion on race, class and gender lines, and issues related to the scope of democratic governance. It argues that pre-Confederation radicals were suspicious of banks and other corporations because they regarded these as irresponsible public authorities that jeopardized the democratic process.
Writing Against Knowing, Writing Against Certainty; or What’s Really Under the Veranda in Jacques Poulin’s Volkswagen Blues
Authors: Hyman Roger
Published: December 2016

This article looks at attitudes towards history in Jacques Poulin's Volkswagen Blues. It situates the novel in its North American context, as an example both of "l'américanité," and an investigation of "l'altérité." It follows the progress of its characters as they simultaneously retrace and deconstruct the colonialist-expansionist vision represented by "the American dream." The article speaks to the tension in the novel between Eurocentric and Aboriginal imaginative and historical discourses, and to its engagement with post-colonial issues of power and disempowerment. It places these specific textual concerns in the larger context of post-Holocaust thought, seeing it in particular as a consideration of the relationship between historical and providential authority and individual moral responsibility, and as an engagement with fascism.
Writing Public Philosophy: Canada’s Royal Commissions on Everything
Authors: Bradford Neil
Published: December 2016

This article explores the contributions to Canadian policy development and policy thought of three royal commissions of political-economic inquiry: the 1940 Royal Commission on Dominion-Provincial Relations; the 1958 Royal Commission on Canada's Economic Prospects; and the 1985 Royal Commission on the Economic Union and Development Prospects for Canada. Each commission is examined through three areas of concern: the context for its appointment, the content of its report and the nature of its subsequent influence. Revealing similarities and differences across the three inquiries, the article highlights the importance of the commission process in renewing Canada's National Policy tradition in periods of great economic stress and policy uncertainty. The significance of Canada's “commissions on everything” is related to the deficiencies in innovation of other representational institutions and policy development channels in the Canadian political system.
Democracy: What a Concept
Authors: Rebick Judy
Published: December 2016

Democracy has been seriously eroded in the era of globalization and new tactics and strategies are required to resist and reverse this erosion. Judy Rebick describes how the left has moved onto the defensive in the last 15 years, failing to provide the new ideas and policies so necessary to attract a new generation. She proposes some new directions.
Voices in Search of a Conversation: An Unfinished Project
Authors: Wadland John H.
Published: December 2016

Interdisciplinary Canadian Studies emerged in two distinct phases. The first was launched with the birth of the Instititute of Canadian Studies at Carleton University in 1957, and provided a bridge from the age of the metanarrative and the canon to phase two, originating with the first issue of the Journal of Canadian Studies in 1966, and encountering the discourses of the postmodern and the post-colonial. As we begin the new millennium the second phase is beginning to give way to a third. This paper investigates phase two, particularly the interval 1966 to 1975. During these years the idea of diversity was institutionalized as a resistance to the meta narrative.

The period is characterized by the liberation of a multiplicity of voices. Throughout its brief life, interdisiciplinary Canadian Studies has consistently favoured the collaboration of the disciplines in a spirit of widening intellectual boundaries. In phase two it proved to be uncomfortable with the fragmentation of imported critical theory, in its very nature conflicted by an intellectual commitment to the nation state and to notions of community and citizenship. Throughout phase two there has been a tension between interdisciplinarity and theory. Phase three might, it is suggested be characterized by a renewed collaboration of the disciplines, and a conversation of the voices, in defence of the relationship that makes them possible.
Home-Grown IR: The Canadianization of International Relations
Authors: Nossal Kim Richard
Published: December 2016

Over the quarter-century since T.H.B. Symons issued his report on Canadian studies, the discipline of international relations (IR) and Canadian, foreign policy studies - found to be so meagre and Americanized by Symons - has been transformed. In English-speaking universities, the discipline has been Canadianized in a number of ways, including the development of a vibrant literature and a national approach distinct from the American mainstream. Most important, however, the IR professoriate has been progressively Canadianized, not simply in terms of citizenship, but also in doctoral training. Moreover, the pattern of IR hirings altered how international relations is taught in Canada, creating a theoretical pluralism that, again, is distinct from the American academy. In short, the vision articulated by Symons and other Canadian nationalists in the early 1970s has been almost perfectly realized in the case of international relations and Canadian foreign policy studies. The very success of the push for Canadianization has, however, given rise to the growth in postmodern theoretical approaches that are not unquestioningly nationalistic. As these perspectives increasingly take over mainstream scholarship, the pursuit of such overtly national projects as Canadian foreign policy studies will become more problematic.
Manitoba Women Nurturing the Nation: The Manitoba IODE and Maternal Nationalism, 1913-1920
Authors: Wilton Shauna
Published: December 2016

This essay looks at the participation of the Imperial Order Daughters of the Empire (IODE) in Canadian nation building in the early twentieth century. The author argues that the nationalist activities of the IODE in Manitoba challenge traditional theories of nationalism that give women a marginal role and some feminist theories that fail to understand the tensions inherent in women's participation in nationalist movements. The members of the IODE actively participated in many areas of immigration policy and the integration and education of immigrants, aiming to create a “better, British Canada.” Their activities combined the British colonial nationalism of the times with a maternal feminist ideology, resulting in a unique form of nationalism, which the author calls maternal nationalism.
Women and Blackfoot Nationalism
Authors: Ladner Kiera L.
Published: December 2016

This article explores the idea of Aboriginal nationalism as a nationalism unto itself. In so doing, this article presents a preliminary study of Blackfoot nationalism as both an historical reality and a contemporary phenomenon from the perspective of an outsider and in a manner accessible to a Eurocentric thinker. Arguing that traditional Blackfoot nationalism was an inclusive phenomenon, this article demonstrates why gender did not matter historically, and why it may matter today.
The Scholar and the Theatre
Authors: Conolly L.W.
Published: December 2016

The discipline of Canadian theatre scholarship has a relatively short history, dating from the mid 1970s. This article traces some key changes that have occurred in the discipline and argues that a declining emphasis on empirical research is jeopardizing informed debate about the past, present and future of Canadian theatre. The validity of political and critical assessments of the frequency and impact of productions of Canadian plays abroad, for example, is undermined by the paucity of empirical research that has been undertaken on this subject. Yet the culture and ideology of current Canadian theatre scholarship seem inimical to research of this kind, a situation, the article suggests, that should concern scholars, theatre practitioners and politicians alike.
James Kudelka: Extending Ballet's Language
Authors: Neufeld James
Published: December 2016

The advent of the millennium provides an occasion for reflection on the past development of ballet's major repertoire and speculation as to its future. The author identifies Frederick Ashton and George Balanchine as the two major choreographers of the twentieth century, because of their essential relationship to Marius Petipa, the dominant choreographer of the nineteenth. He then examines the recent work of James Kudelka, artistic director of the National Ballet of Canada, and argues that it forms part of the lineage of Ashton and Balanchine. Ashton's example informs the emotional and thematic content of Kudelka's work, whereas Balanchine's revises and expands the technical vocabulary at Kudelka's disposal. Questions of gender and displacement, implicit in the works of the earlier choreographers, find explicit expression in Kudelka. Whatever the final judgement on Kudelka's body of work, it must therefore be evaluated as part of the mainstream of ballet's development, not as a regional footnote to its history.
Fear and Loathing on the Granting Trail: Canadian Art Versus Canadian Bureaucracy
Authors: Niedzviecki Hal
Published: December 2016

This essay is an exploration of the effect of arts and culture grants from various levels of the Canadian granting bureaucracy on the creative id of the Canadian artist. The article posits that the Canadian artist suffers from Arts Bureaucracy Angst, and chronicles the following evidence for this thesis: the infrequent but noticeable onset of sly artworks dealing directly with the granting bureaucracy; the general climate in which the press and government habitually attack grants as wasteful; direct testimony from artists who give evidence as to the extent to which granting ideology/issues have affected their mental and creative processes.
Requiem for a Northern Dream: On Canada, Pop Culture and a Gunslinger's Sunset
Authors: Pevere Geoff
Published: December 2016

In this article on Canadian popular culture the author recounts the questions prompted by the research for his book, Mondo Canuck (co-authored with Greig Dymond), as well as the questions raised by the success of the published book in 1996. The discussion limits Canadian popular culture to culture that provides amusement, is available to all and is consumed by the masses. Pierre Elliot Trudeau is seen as a figure who conforms to these criteria and thus is the subject of an entire chapter in the book. This article links the popularity of Mondo Canuck with the outpouring of emotion for Trudeau's death; in both cases we are mourning distinctly Canadian culture that is disappearing. Reading the book and thinking about Trudeau make us nostalgic for a "cool" Canada that is fading in order to be replaced in the global market by a consumer brand of nationalism.
Altered States: Global Currents, the Spectral Nation,and the Production of "Asian Canadian"
Authors: Miki Roy
Published: December 2016

This essay offers speculative reflections on a Canadian nation currently renegotiating a crisis of time — a crisis manifest in a collapsed language of "presence" and the emergence of ''altered states" which are making the once familiar nation strange to itself. The infiltration of unpredictable global flows and temporalities in the post-cold war era has exacerbated the unravelling of a national identity formation that had been constituted through the colonial trajectory of its white settler origins. This movement, in turn, has given rise to conditions of cultural destabilization in which forces of reaction and resistance contend for the terms of a "beyond" that beckons. What remains of concern at this moment, then, are the critical ramifications of global capital and its cult of commodification, specifically in relation to the changing cultural reception of "minority" works that have been contained — and identified — through processes of racialization historically bound into "Canada" as a national identity. The question of "Asian Canadian" is thus situated at the intersection of history, the nationstate, and cultural ambiguities. Incorporating the example of Roy Kiyooka's poetry in Pacific Windows, this essay also addresses the critical limits of "Asian Canadian" and suggests the potential for the emergence of new cultural performances — and by implication new "localisms" - that account for the "spectral" effects of global uncertainties.
Institutions, Ideas, Women and Gender: New Directions in Canadian Foreign Policy
Authors: Keeble Edna , Smith Heather
Published: December 2016

This article explores the relationship between the representation of women in the Canadian foreign policy machinery and the sorts of policies promoted by the Canadian government. We note that there are few women in the top echelons of Canadian foreign policy. We also show how Canadian foreign policy may be viewed as somehow more feminine than the policy of other states. Some could say that the lack of women at the upper levels has not stopped Canada from adopting gender sensitive policies; however, we suggest that the promotion of gender equality is not the same as the achievement of gender equality. Canada's rhetoric is not borne out in results, particularly when we examine attempts at achieving gender equality at home. Ultimately we argue that women and gender must be meaningfully brought into Canadian foreign policy and we offer some suggestions as to how this can be achieved.
State, Society and the Third Sector: Changing to Meet New Challenges
Authors: Brock Kathy L.
Published: December 2016

This article begins with a short discussion of the three core principles of parliamentary government in order to establish a framework for evaluating the Voluntary Sector Initiative (VSI): representative government, responsible government and the tradition of dissent. The following sections briefly describe the VSI and assess it in relation to the three principles. The VSI proposes a fundamental change in the operation of government to meet the challenges of the new century and, while it is too soon to assess its prospects for achieving its objectives, some areas of potential promise and danger may be identified.
Intersecting Identities and Inclusive Institutions: Women and a Future Transformative Politics
Authors: Dobrowolsky Alexandra
Published: December 2016

This article sets out to ascertain what can be done to provide better, more substantive, representation for all women. It begins by discussing the representation of women as a group, then critically assesses various reform proposals, including the suggestions of advocates of group-based representation. Such recommendations, it is argued, tend to fall short, as they build on limited liberal democratic theories and practices. In contrast, this article makes a case for more and different kinds of democracy. What is required is a synthesis of the conventional and non-conventional, where liberal democracy is transformed by an infusion of radical democratic potential. A greater and more formal role for social movements in policy discussion and the decision-making process, a politics based on inclusion and intersecting identities, is contemplated through illustrations from Canada and abroad.
The Future and the Legacy: Globalization and the Canadian Settler-State
Authors: Abu-Laban Yasmeen
Published: December 2016

This article examines the impact of globalization as a discourse and as a process affecting the politics of the twenty-first century in light of Canada's foundation as a "white settler-colony." By the end of the twentieth century, identity politics — the collective demands for inclusion and equity by minotitized groups, including women, ethnic minorities, Aboriginal peoples, the Québécois and other French-Canadians—sat uneasily with Ottawa's neo-liberal reading of globalization that tends to give value to the individual as a tax-payer. Canada's yet-to-be publicly acknowledged historical legacy of colonialism and ethnic and racial inequality ensures that Canadian national symbols and institutions continue to be key targets of minoritized groups demanding fairness and inclusion. Given this, the starting point for institutional change is the recognition and redressing of the inequities of past state practices, and the creation of a nèw dialogue amongst equals.
La parité femmes/hommes en politique: un élément de réforme des institutions politiques canadiennes
Authors: Tremblay Manon
Published: December 2016

L'objectif de cet article est de réfléchir au rôle de la parité femmes/hommes en politique comme force motrice d'une réforme des institutions politiques fédérales. La parité, c'est l'idée d'une participation numériquement égale des femmes et des hommes aux instances décisionnelles et, notamment, aux institutions électives. La logique paritaire défie la conception du Citoyen neutre et universel qui marque notre compréhension de la représentation politique; elle affirme haut et fort le caractère bisexué du Citoyen, réalité qui, au demeurant, traverse toutes les expériences qui tissent la citoyenneté. Les recherches montrent que l'exclusion des femmes de la gouverne politique canadienne tient tout à la fois de notre système de partis et de notre système électoral. En réclamant un partage égalitaire du pouvoir d'État, la parité oblige donc à soumettre à un examen critique ces deux composantes de nos institutions politiques fédérales. L'auteure soutient que l'atteinte de la parité ne peut faire l'économie d'une volonté réelle des partis politiques d'accroître le nombre de femmes dans leurs rangs, non plus que d'une révision de certaines règles du système électoral canadien. À cet effet, l'auteure mets de l'avant un certain nombre de propositions. En conclusion, elle plaide pour que le Canada s'inspire des expériences écossaise et française dans sa réforme des institutions politiques fédérales et, à cet égard, je mets au jour un certain nombre d'enseignements venus de l'Écosse et de la France.
Prime Minister and Cabinet in Canada: An Autocracy in Need of Reform?
Authors: Bakvis Herman
Published: December 2016

It has been suggested that the Canadian prime minister tends to enjoy powers to a degree that is unhealthy in a democratic society. This article evaluates the "prime minister as autocrat" argument that has gained currency, if not in the academic literature, certainly in the popular media. It is suggested that while there has been a relative increase in the concentration of power in the centre — the centre defined as the prime minister, his entourage and key central agencies — the portrait of prime ministerial autocracy has been overdrawn. None the less, reforms are desirable. Particularly ones that create or enhance counterweights to prime ministerial power will likely improve Canadian democracy. These reforms should focus not so much on strengthening the role of individual MPs but on reinforcing the position of cabinet, the parliamentary caucus and senate vis-à-vis the prime minister. In this respect, five possible reforms are discussed, and their prospects of being adopted assessed: proportional representation for the House of Commons, an elected senate, strengthened parliamentary caucuses, a fixed time-table for elections and the New Zealand approach to the appointment of senior officials.
“Communists Love Canada!”: The Communist Party of Canada, the “People” and the Popular Front, 1933-1939
Authors: Manley John
Published: December 2016

Like all member parties of the Communist International (Comintern), the Communist Party of Canada (CPC) embarked on a dramatic change of political direction — the Popular Front Against Fascism — after the Seventh (and last) Comintem Congress in summer 1935. Declaring that Fascism was now an imminent and equal threat to the Soviet Union, the démocratie world and progressive civilization, shelved its aspiration to lead the advanced sections of the proletariat in direct revolutionary struggle for socialism and set out to broaden its appeal among the “people,” a category embracing every Canadian except those in or closely aligned with the small stratum of finance capitalises, who, communists argued, formed the core of Canadian Fascism. Attempting, with some success, to reinvent itself as reformist, constitutionalist and “Canadian,” it demonstrated the possibilities for a Canadian party of the left willing to combine parliamentary and extra-parliamentary methods. Between 1935-39, it more than doubled in size, gained for the first time a small but significant bourgeois membership, and saw its ideas begin to percolate into national debate. This paper nevertheless argues that the Popular Front re-makirig of the CPC was primarily driven by Soviet rather than Canadian needs, compromised the party’s socialist objectives and failed to alter fundamentally the party’s Stalinist character.
Statistical Inquiry and the Management of Lingulstic Plurality in Canada, Belgium and Switzerland
Authors: Prévost Jean-Guy , Beaud Jean-Pierre
Published: December 2016

The purpose of this paper is (i) to account for the emergence in Canada of an intense cognitive activity related to (and which at the same time contributed to) the political-linguistic equilibrium of the country and (ii) to demonstrate how, through the work and discussions of statisticians, demographers, sociologists, and other “experts” on language issues, statistical norms have shaped political norms and vice versa, giving rise to a specific mode of managing linguistic plurality. To do this, we will take into account the cases of two other countries where language has also been an important focus for identity, but where it did not give rise to comparable statistical interest: Switzerland and Belgium. The two aspects we will consider and whose weight we will try to assess in each case are: (1) the political-linguistic equilibrium of the country, which includes (a) the respective sizes of the communities and their evolution during this century, (b) the territorial homogeneousness or heterogeneousness of linguistic distribution as defined by its coincidence with political borders, (c) the way the geopolitical environment affects each community, (d) the social status of each language, and (e) its attractiveness, notably on immigrant population; and (2) the political-linguistic regime which manages relations between communities and which we can analyze as made up by (a) the general constitutional order, (b) the specific constitutional requirements dealing with language, and (c) the distribution of rights and duties established through various laws.
Transfer and approximation of the impedance for time-harmonic Maxwell’s system in a planar domain with thin contrasted multi-layers
Authors: Goffi F.Z. , Lemrabet K. , Laadj T.
Published: December 2016

We consider the diffraction of time-harmonic electromagnetic waves by a perfectly conducting planar obstacle, coated by thin contrasted multi-layers of dielectric materials. A partial Fourier transform is used to derive an impedance condition that links the tangential components of the electric and magnetic fields, and transfers the boundary condition from the obstacle’s face to the other face of dielectric multi-layers.

We first determine the exact formula and construct approximations of the impedance condition for one dielectric thin layer; after that, we extend the obtained result to multi-layers.
Towards new tools for bioresource use and sharing
Authors: Mabile Laurence , De Castro Paola , Bravo Elena , Parodi Barbara , Thomsen Mogens , Moore Samuel , Cambon-Thomsen Anne
Published: December 2016

Data sharing institutional incentives exist but no practical tools to implement such policy are in place. The BRIF (Bioresource Research Impact Factor) initiative was conceived as a possible way to fill this gap. It is an ongoing initiative that encompasses considerations and actions from various stakeholders (researchers, funders, industrials, editors) towards (i) standardized identification schemes and reporting for better visibility and tracing of bioresources on the web; (ii) incentive policies from hosting institutions; (iii) creation of tools allowing follow-up of their use.

Tracing the use of bioresources is the first step in this process. For this purpose we have published the CoBRA (Citation of BioResources in journal Articles) guideline that standardizes the way bioresources are referred to in academic literature. We have launched the Open Journal of Bioresources in close collaboration with the open access publisher Ubiquity Press allowing both the resources to be cited and authors to get metrics on reuse and impact. Meanwhile, we have started developing new better adapted metrics; a first list of relevant parameters to take into account in the impact measure of bioresources has been provided.

The tools proposed here foster easier access to samples and associated data as well as their optimized use, sharing and recognition for data producers. Input from the scientific information community would be highly appreciated at this stage.
SCOAP3 – Towards a second phase
Authors: Kutz LL.M. Angelika
Published: December 2016

The global partnership SCOAP3 (Sponsoring Consortium for Open Access Publishing in Particle Physics) has reached the conversion of high-quality subscription journals in the field of High-Energy Physics to Open Access through redirection of existing subscription funds by installing the SCOAP3 Gold Open Access Repository providing free access to scientific articles in the field of High Energy Physics. This article describes the steps taken to enable a second phase (2017–2019) of this international project based on an output-based (fair share) financing model.
A semi-automatic approach for detecting dataset references in social science texts
Authors: Ghavimi Behnam , Mayr Philipp , Lange Christoph , Vahdati Sahar , Auer Sören
Published: December 2016

Today, full-texts of scientific articles are often stored in different locations than the used datasets. Dataset registries aim at a closer integration by making datasets citable but authors typically refer to datasets using inconsistent abbreviations and heterogeneous metadata (e.g. title, publication year). It is thus hard to reproduce research results, to access datasets for further analysis, and to determine the impact of a dataset. Manually detecting references to datasets in scientific articles is time-consuming and requires expert knowledge in the underlying research domain. We propose and evaluate a semi-automatic three-step approach for finding explicit references to datasets in social sciences articles. We first extract pre-defined special features from dataset titles in the da|ra registry, then detect references to datasets using the extracted features, and finally match the references found with corresponding dataset titles. The approach does not require a corpus of articles (avoiding the cold start problem) and performs well on a test corpus. We achieved an F-measure of 0.84 for detecting references in full-texts and an F-measure of 0.83 for finding correct matches of detected references in the da|ra dataset registry.
Why and how to avoid complex non-free software in Digital Humanities projects
Authors: Kulawik Bernd
Published: December 2016

The ‘fathers of the Internet’ and developers of the TCP/IP, Vint Cerf and Robert Kahn, recently warned computer users to take care of their digital documents. Because there is no solution yet for their long-time preservation, Cerf formulated his warning as: “If there are photos you really care about, print them out.” As Google’s Vice President he knows what he is talking about and is working on a solution called “digital vellum”: It shall be able to emulate document formats, software, operating systems and computer hardware. This paper discusses some problems with this suggestion in the light of the technical development especially from the point of view of the Digital Humanities: Obviously and – thanks to the work of Cerf and Kahn – the typical document (and the system of paradigms it is based on) is fading away, as well as dedicated software or clearly distinguishable computers used to work with it. For a short-term solution, the consequence can only be to avoid complicated and non-free software solutions, even though they may have beautiful and easily usable advantages. For a long-term solution, a basic, institutional shift in the fundamental paradigms of scientific research and its documentation is needed.
A methodology for digitally exploring electronic publication content
Authors: Loizides Fernando , Jones Sam
Published: December 2016

The work in this article presents a methodology and coding examples to be used by those wanting to explore the content of a large corpus of digital publications stored online in PDF format and gain insight into their common content and changes over time. The method can produce hypothesis of topic popularity and point to areas for further scrutiny in terms of common emerging themes. This practitioner article provides a very specific and directed resource for information seekers, both technical in nature and not, in exploring potential themes and likely trends within a corpus.
Biomarkers of Inflammation in Peripheral Blood during Treatment with Inhaled Corticosteroids in Patients with Asthma
Authors: Dimitrievska Deska T , Zdraveska Marija , Todevski Dejan , Jovanovska Janeva Elena , Debreslioska Angela
Published: December 2016

BACKGROUND: The main attribute of asthma is inflammation, which leads to airway remodelling, bronchial hyper-reactivity and reversible or partly reversible airway obstruction. According to GINA, asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways in which many cells play a role, in particular, mast cells, eosinophils (Eo), and T lymphocytes. Many cells and mediators take part in creating the asthmatic inflammatory reaction, but eosinophils play a central role.AIM: The aim of this study was to show the values of biological inflammatory markers (IL-5, Eo, and ECP) during treatment with ICS by non-invasive methods.MATERIAL AND METHODS: This study includes 30 patients of the Pulmonology and Allergology Clinic, Skopje, with confirmed asthma, treated with ICS. In all of the patients, we followed Eo count, ECP and IL-5 in peripheral blood at the beginning of the study, after 2 and six months treatment. Following the parameters during treatment with ICS we registered changes in all of the tested parameters.RESULTS: Our results show high level of the tested biomarkers at the beginning of the study, IL-5 in all patients (100%), Eosinophils in 80%, and ECP in 90% of the asthmatics. Following the parameters during treatment with ICS we registered changes in all of the tested parameters.CONCLUSIONS: Our conclusion is that the ICS objectively suppress the inflammatory reaction in asthma and the biologic markers (IL-5, Eo and ECP), which we have followed, can measure the accomplished effect. They could be used in everyday practice, not only as diagnostic parameters but also as valid therapeutic guides in the treatment of asthma.
Care , amour et normativité pratique chez Harry Frankfurt
Authors: Tibaoui Mounir
Published: December 2016

Le trait marquant de la position dite internaliste au sein du débat concernant la normativité pratique est le lien que ses adeptes établissent entre normativité et motivation. Dans cet article, je mets en avant l’originalité du geste philosophique de Harry Frankfurt. L’amour, érigé en source de la normativité, permet de distinguer la position du philosophe de celle de Bernard Williams, qui renvoie la motivation aux incitations du désir, et de celle de Christine Korsgaard, qui associe normativité et moralité. Je montrerai également que le concept d’amour contribue à répondre à l’objection récurrente soulevée contre la conception frankfurtienne de l’autonomie personnelle selon laquelle celle-ci serait anhistorique.
Les libertés du juge
Authors: Bordonaba Laure , Chouchan Nathalie
Published: December 2016

Marion Lagaillarde a été juge d’instance à Évreux et juge aux affaires familiales à Bobigny. Actuellement déchargée d’activité à titre syndical, elle retournera bientôt en juridiction comme juge des enfants à Marseille. Entrée en fonction en 1987, Clarisse Taron a surtout été magistrat du parquet : substitut, procureur en Franche-Comté, vice-procureur à Nancy, procureur adjoint à Metz. Elle a également été juge civil à deux reprises, vice-président à Belfort et premier vice-président à Nancy. Avocat général à la cour d’appel de Besançon, elle est aujourd’hui présidente du Syndicat de la magistrature.
Le théâtre de Césaire, écritures-réécritures, un travail de Sisyphe
Authors: Delas Daniel
Published: December 2016

Daniel Delas revient ici sur les abondantes réécritures que présente le théâtre de Césaire et explore cette hypothèse : c’est finalement la question du leader noir des indépendances afro-antillaises et plus généralement celle de la libération de l’homme, qui hante Césaire pendant plus de trente ans et fait graviter l’ensemble de son œuvre, non seulement théâtrale, mais poétique et argumentative. Ce faisant, Césaire cherche à créer « un théâtre qui agit philosophiquement au niveau de l’homme tout entier ».
Exogenous IL-33 Restores Dendritic Cell Activation and Maturation in Established Cancer
Authors: Dominguez Donye , Ye Cong , Geng Zhe , Chen Siqi , Fan Jie , Qin Lei , Long Alan , Wang Long , Zhang Zhuoli , Zhang Yi , Fang Deyu , Kuzel Timothy M. , Zhang Bin
Published: December 2016

The role of IL-33, particularly in tumor growth and tumor immunity, remains ill-defined. We show that exogenous IL-33 can induce robust antitumor effect through a CD8+ T cell–dependent mechanism. Systemic administration of rIL-33 alone was sufficient to inhibit growth of established tumors in transplant and de novo melanoma tumorigenesis models. Notably, in addition to a direct action on CD8+ T cell expansion and IFN-γ production, rIL-33 therapy activated myeloid dendritic cells (mDCs) in tumor-bearing mice, restored antitumor T cell activity, and increased Ag cross-presentation within the tumor microenvironment. Furthermore, combination therapy consisting of rIL-33 and agonistic anti-CD40 Abs demonstrated synergistic antitumor activity. Specifically, MyD88, an essential component of the IL-33 signaling pathway, was required for the IL-33–mediated increase in mDC number and upregulation in expression of costimulatory molecules. Importantly, we identified that the IL-33 receptor ST2, MyD88, and STAT1 cooperate to induce costimulatory molecule expression on mDCs in response to rIL-33. Thus, our study revealed a novel IL-33–ST2–MyD88–STAT1 axis that restores mDC activation and maturation in established cancer and, thereby, the magnitude of antitumor immune responses, suggesting a potential use of rIL-33 as a new immunotherapy option to treat established cancer.
Dacryocystorhinostomy Stent Insertion in Initial Endoscopic Dacryocystorhinostomy
Authors: Rajshekar MM
Published: December 2016

Aim

To study surgical outcome in dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) stent insertion in initial endoscopic DCR and the complications associated with the surgery.

Study design

This is a prospective, single-blinded, randomized, controlled trial.

Materials and methods

The study was carried in a tertiary level center (period between November 2009 and February 2015). A total of 50 patients with epiphora due to nasolacrimal duct obstruction were divided randomly into two groups – with one group undergoing endoscopic DCR with stent and the other group undergoing endoscopic DCR without stent. The postoperative results were assessed subjectively and objectively after 3 and 6 months and also for complications of the procedure. The results were statistically analyzed by chi-square test.

Results

There was significant postoperative improvement across all participants and within both groups. A total of 92% of patients in the stent group and 84% of patients in the without stent group improved. There was no significant difference with respect to complications. Synechiae and secondary hemorrhage were the most common complications in the without stent group and stent group respectively.

Conclusion

The present study shows that statistically significant difference in results is not achieved by inserting stents initially. But, whenever there is excessive bleeding during surgery, which masks endoscopic picture, or when bony stoma created is small because of thick bone and poor access, when atrophic sac is present, or when adhesions are expected due to pus in sac, then stenting should be done without hesitancy. Best time to do stenting is when surgeons’ first think of stenting. Regular postoperative follow-up is necessary as any defect like synechia and granulation tissue formation can be dealt with immediately.

How to cite this article

Rao SVM, Rajshekar MM. Dacryocystorhinostomy Stent Insertion in Initial Endoscopic Dacryocystorhinostomy. Clin Rhinol An Int J 2016;9(3):120-124.
Functional Outcome of Locking Compression Plate in Neer's two-part, three-part, four-part Proximal Humerus Fractures
Authors: Ramesh KV , Mahesh G , Kiran KC , Kumar Roshan
Published: December 2016

Introduction

Proximal fractures of the humerus account for about 4 to 5% of all fractures. They are the most common fractures in elderly population. Treatment of unstable, displaced, and comminuted fractures of the proximal humerus remains challenging.

Objectives

The present study is undertaken to evaluate the functional outcome of proximal humerus fractures treated by locking compression plate in 20 patients.

Materials and methods

Prospective study was done involving 20 adult patients with proximal humerus fractures admitted from October 2012 to December 2013 treated by open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) with locking compression plate. The functional follow-up was done for a minimum period of 3 months and the patients were evaluated by Constant Murley scoring (CMS).

Results

In our series, the majority of the patients were middle-aged males, with road traffic accidents (RTAs) being the most common cause of injury, involving 2-part, 3-part, and 4-part fractures of the proximal humerus. The fractures were united in 19 patients and 1 patient had avascular necrosis (AVN). Excellent results were seen in 15% of patients, good results in 55%, moderate results in 15%, and poor results in 15% according to CMS. There were 95% union rates, 5% of AVN, and no failures.

Conclusion

In conclusion, locking compression plate is an advantageous implant in proximal humerus fractures due to angular stability, particularly in comminuted fractures and in osteoporotic bones of elderly patients, which allows their early mobilization.

How to cite this article

Mahesh G, Kiran KC, Ramesh KV, Kumar R. Functional Outcome of Locking Compression Plate in Neer's two-part, three-part, four-part Proximal Humerus Fractures. J Med Sci 2016;2(1):1-8.
Methylphenidate-induced Obsessive Compulsive Disorder in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Authors: Vishwaraj Sharath
Published: December 2016

Introduction

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common childhood psychiatric disorders. It is most often treated with methylphenidate (MPH). A 6-year-old male with ADHD was started on MPH. He developed severe obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), which lasted for 1 day and was self-limiting. There was complete remission on stopping MPH, without any specific treatment for OCD.

How to cite this article

Bavle A, Vishwaraj S. Methylphenidate- induced Obsessive Compulsive Disorder in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. J Med Sci 2016;2(1):21-22.
A Rare Case of Nocturnal Urinary Incontinence and Menuria after Lower Segment Cesarean Section
Authors: Bhute Sindhu , Chaudhry Priyakshi , Shrivastava Deepti S , Jajoo Suhas
Published: December 2016

Misgav Ladach technique for lower segment cesarean section (LSCS) is considered advantageous universally, but debate still continues about nonclosure in layers and further consequences; hence, careful selection of cases and intraoperative decision of closure in layers is important. The classical Youssef's syndrome comprises cyclic hematuria, amenorrhea, menuria, and complete urinary continence in a patient who had LSCS. Hereby, we present a case report of a woman who suffered with chronic pelvic pain, menuria, and nocturnal eneuresis after her LSCS for obstructed labor, although not exactly the same as Youssef syndrome but rare in occurrence and relieved after adhesiolysis and gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) analog therapy.

How to cite this article

Chaudhry P, Shrivastava DS, Bhute S, Jajoo S. A Rare Case of Nocturnal Urinary Incontinence and Menuria after Lower Segment Cesarean Section. J Med Sci 2016;2(1):23-25.
The Mediating Effect of Time Management on the Relationship Between Knowledge Management and Organization Performance Comparison Between Local & the International NGOs
Authors: Wahbeh Nemer , Mohammed Hamza M. , Al Daher Omar , Al shatter Abdullah
Published: December 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to investigate about time management effect on the relationship between knowledge management and organization performance. Design/methodology/approach: The paper contains a comparative analysis of relevant literature from the fields of knowledge management, time management and organization performance, conducted between 2007 and 2015. The research was conducted on a sample of 42 non-profit organizations (24 National and 18 International) we collected the data through a questionnaire that was given to the Monitoring and development department. Findings: The research results reached to the idea that Time Management really plays a strong role to strengthen the relationship between Knowledge Management and Organization Performance dimensions, but not all dimensions, only the standard dimensions (Internal business process, Learning and growth and the Sustainability), but on the non-standard dimension we used which is: the increase or the decrease on the percentage of the affected population who receive services from the organizations, the result is on the opposite side. Also it reached to the result that the organization nationality affects the relationship between knowledge management and the performance management. Originality/value: The paper ranks among the first to search for convergences between International and National non-profit organizations that seem firmly divided in both theoretical and institutional aspects.
Nationalization and Personalization of the Egyptian Antiquities: Henry Salt a British General Consul in Egypt 1816 to 1827
Authors: Mahmoud Shadia Mohamed Salem
Published: December 2016

In 1998, an anthropologist, Philip L. Kohl stated that archaeological findings are manipulated for nationalist purposes and that archaeology’s development during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries is associated with nationalism, colonization, imperialism, sometimes personal in Europe.[1] Kohl’s statement is significant because it conveys how archaeology emerged as a national mission. During the eighteenth, nineteenth, and twentieth centuries, Egyptian antiquities were at the center attention. Mythical and historical evidence for Greeks and Romans inEgypt were cited in order to justify the extensive excavations which were linked to a rising European national self consciousness.  Consequently, the great imperialist powers, France and the Great Britain (who saw themselves as heirs of the Greeks and Romans) were determined to fulfill their national museum with the Egyptian antiquities.

[1] Philip L. Kohl, “Nationalism and Archaeology: On the Constructions of Nations and the Reconstructions of the Remote Past,” in Annual Review of Anthropology, Vol. 27 (1998), p. 223. Pp. 223-246
MAKE ME Kits: Portable Kits Invite Unexpected Outcomes
Authors: Marino Nancy , Collacott Jeannie , Wray Glynis
Published: December 2016

When Young Adult librarians, Youth Services librarians, and administrators at Ocean County (NJ) Library decided to apply for the Curiosity Creates grant, we were faced with a huge challenge—a 960-square-mile challenge. That’s the size of Ocean County, a large expanse of land that covers rural Pineland towns, beach communities, and urban areas.
Goats, Giants, and . . . Science? Teaching Engineering Concepts through Fairy Tales
Authors: Tanna Mira
Published: December 2016

In the past several years, STEM activities for children in libraries have exploded—literally and figuratively; LEGO contests, building blocks, snap circuits, coding challenges, maker spaces, computer classes, and science programs with exploding bags and bottles take place in libraries across the country. Anxious to rebrand ourselves for the modern age, we tell people that we are “not your grandmother’s library” and let patrons know that we have much to offer beyond books.
Be Creative! The In Be-Tween Trailer Team
Authors: Waxman Carol
Published: December 2016

In applying for the Curiosity Creates grant, my colleague Jane Breen and I wanted to promote our new In Be-Tween Room, a space designed to showcase tween books as well as provide technology (including a Lenovo touch table and a Wii U gaming system) and encourage reading among that age group.
Curiosity Creates: A View from Behind the Lens
Authors: Holmes Paula , Holmes Thomas
Published: December 2016

In August 2016, I was hired as the outside evaluator for the ALSC Curiosity Creates Grants sponsored by Disney, whose donation of $800,000 enabled ALSC to undergo a mini-grant program to fund up to seventy-seven libraries.