bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Atlas for a Warp Speed Future: Enhancing Usual Operating Modes of the U.S. Government
Authors: Arnold Amanda
Published: October 2022

Operation Warp Speed (OWS) delivered new and effective vaccines to the general public in just 9 months, exploding previously held ideas about the government's role in medical countermeasure (MCM) development as well as what is possible on the timescale of vaccine development. OWS has potential to become a map for action in future pandemic crises. This article examines federal modes of governance that emerged in response to the Covid‐19 crisis, with special attention to how those modes differ from normal government operations. It is at the intersection of crisis modes of action and normal modes of operation that lessons emerge from OWS that may be worth applying in normal times – or not.

In “Rules for Operating at Warp Speed,” I outlined how the leadership of OWS was able to accelerate operations under a suspension of the government's usual modes of operation (Arnold, 20201). This included suspension of rules that normally govern transparent and robust federal contracting and relaxing standards for scientific consensus‐building and expertise across government. This article draws from interviews completed in 2020 and 2021 with senior officials at the Department of Defense (DOD), Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and the White House in order to identify the key pandemic modes of action contributing to the success of OWS. It also discusses whether (and how) those modes of action might be adapted to enhance critical infrastructure preparedness in non‐crisis times.
Effect of a Mixture of Native Iranian Probiotics on Biochemical Factors and Kidney Tissue of Male Rats Exposed to Cadmium Chloride
Authors: Salar Shakiba , Keshtmand Zahra
Published: October 2022

Introduction: Cadmium (Cd) is an environmental pollutant and chemical agent that destroys cell structure in various tissues. Probiotics are normal flora bacteria that if consumed adequately, will have health benefits in addition to nutritional benefits. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a mixture of native Iranian probiotics on biochemical factors and kidney tissue of male rats exposed to cadmium chloride.
Methods: In this experimental study, 21 male Wistar rats were divided into 3 groups of 7: control, cadmium chloride recipient (3mg/kg) and cadmium chloride recipient (3mg /kg) + mixture of probiotics (CFU/mL109) were divided. Single-dose cadmium chloride was given to rats by intraperitoneal injection and probiotics by gavage for 30 days. At the end of the test, blood samples were taken directly from the heart to study serum creatinine and urea concentrations by autoanalyzer method and kidney tissue was used for microscopic studies of E&H staining. The data were evaluated using SPSS software version 16 and one-way ANOVA and Tukey test.
Results: The results of Cadmium chloride significantly increased serum creatinine and urea concentrations compared to the control group (P<0.05) while in the group receiving probiotic mixture compared to the cadmium chloride group showed a significant decrease. Damage to kidney tissue was also shown compared to the control group. On the other hand, the structure of kidney tissue in the group treated with a mixture of probiotics compared to the group of cadmium chloride showed improvement.
Conclusion: It is possible to use as a candidate a mixture of native Iranian probiotics (Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus casei and Lactobacillus holoticus) against cadmium chloride damage to the tissues of male rats.
Relationship between Sleep Quality and Quality of Life of the Elderly with Cardiovascular Disease by Considering the Role of Physical Activity in Rafsanjan City in 2021
Authors: Rezaeian Mohsen , Nejad Hasan Ali , Haj Ali Akbari Zeinab , Taherifard Alireza , Nejad Mahdi Ali , Sabaghi Parinaz
Published: October 2022

Introduction: The quality of sleep and physical activity is specially important in the quality of life of the elderly. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between sleep quality and quality of life of the elderly with cardiovascular disease referred to Ali Ebn Abi Taleb Hospital in Rafsanjan City in 2021.
Methods: In this descriptive study, the participants of the study included all the cardiovascular elderly patients referred to Ali Ebn Abi Taleb Hospital in Rafsanjan City in the first 6 months of 2021. A total of 292 people were selected as the sample using purposive sampling method. Data collection tools included three standard questionnaires, including Baecke physical activity, Petersburg sleep quality and Ware and Sherbourne quality of life (SF-36). Independent t-test, one-way analysis of variance and chi-square test were used to analyze the data. The SPSS software version 16 used was for analyzing the data.
Results: The results showed that with increasing physical activity, the quality of life also increases and with increasing the quality of sleep, the quality of life increased. There was also a significant correlation between psychological quality of life with physical activity (P<0.001 and r = 0.777) and sleep quality (P<0.001 and r = -0.804).
Conclusion: According to the research findings, it is recommended to create a wide and healthy physical activity and healthy leisure time for the elderly and to develop counseling programs for the elderly. Therefore, the quality of life and sleep quality skills training should be provided.
Evaluation of Culture-Positive Shigellosis Patients during Bloody Diarrhea Epidemics in Isfahan Province during 2015-2021
Authors: Hatami Hossein , Farsi Mahdi , Hajari Abolfazl
Published: October 2022

Introduction: As one of the diseases transmitted through water and food, shigellosis is one of the health problems in developing countries. This study was conducted in order to investigate the outbreaks of bloody diarrhea caused by Shigella in patients with positive cultures in Isfahan province during 2014-2016.
Methods: This study was a cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study. Information of 280 infected patients with positive Shigella cultures based on demographic information, age, sex, place of residence, clinical symptoms, history of food consumption, and the date of illness and referral to medical centers were analyzed using SPSS16 software, checking percentages and frequencies, chi-square and t-tests were investigated.
Results: The percentage of female patients of this study was 51.1% and male was 48.9% with a mean age of 25.53± 21.36; 27.1% of patients were housewives and 94.3% were Iranians. 97.1% of patients, in addition to positive cultures, red blood cells were also reported in microscopic examination of their stool samples. . 23.26% of patients had fever, 19.86% had nausea and 16.99% had obvious bloody diarrhea. 26.88% of patients had a history of consuming vegetables and 94.1% of them referred to medical centers in the first three days to receive medical services. Furthermore, 45.5% of these patients were hospitalized and 54.5% were treated as outpatients and finally 100% of patients recovered.
Conclusion: Community education for food hygiene is one of the essential educational needs and also the development of vegetable preparation centers in the form of packaging and having a health code is one of the essential needs in terms of health and food security.
Effect of 4 Weeks of High Intensity Interval Training with Curcumin Supplementation on COL-I, COL- II, SMAD3 Gene Expression in the Myocardium of Obese Male Rats with Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Fereshtian Sara , Peeri Maghsoud , Agha Alinejad Hamid , Delfan Maryam
Published: October 2022

Introduction: The aim of this study was investigating the effect of 4 weeks of high intensity interval training with curcumin supplement on the gene expression of collagen I, II and SMAD/3 in the myocardium of male obese rats with type 2 diabetes.
Methods: In this experimental study, 35 male diabetic rats were divided in to 5 groups of seven; normal control, diabetic control, curcumin+diabetic, high intensity interval training, high intensity interval training+curcumin. Diabetes was induced by an intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin with a dose of 60 mg/kg in all groups except the normal control group. Curcumin was gavage 200 mg/kg of body weight in all groups except normal control and diabetic control groups to determine the expression of COL-I, II and SMAD/3 genes, PCR-Real time method and group comparison were used by Two-way ANOVA test at alpha level of 0.05.
Results: The decrease in COL-I gene expression in (S+HIIT (group compared to the (DC) (P<0.0001) and S+DC (P<0.0004) was significant, respectively. In high intensity interval training (HIIT) group, the decrease in COL-I gene expression was also significant compared to the diabetic control (DC) group (P=0.017).The decrease in COL-II gene expression in  curcumin + high intensity interval training (S+HIIT) group compared to the (S+DC) (P=0.001) and diabetic control (DC) (P<0.0003) and in (HIIT) group was significant compared to the (DC) group (P=0.013) and (S+DC) (P=0.029).The decrease in SMAD/3 gene expression in (S+HIIT) group compared to the HIIT (P=0.008), (S+DC) (P<0.0002), (DC) groups (P<0.0006) and in the (HIIT) group was significant compared to the (NC) (P=0.010), (DC) (0.006) and (S+DC) groups (P=0.032).
Conclusion: The results showed that, high intensity interval training reduced COL-I, COL-II and SMAD/3 genes and decreasingthe expression of SMAD/3 due to high intensity interval training with curcumin supplementation possibly can improve diabetic fibrosis in myocardial.
Acceptability Study of Banana Blossom (Banana Musa) Cupcake Fortified with Honey: A Bread Innovation
Authors: Tariga Jonathan N. , Quitan Nida G. , Vera John Paul S. De
Published: October 2022

Purpose: The province of Quirino, Philippines, is a good source of the different varieties of banana. The purpose of this research is to determine the organoleptic assessment and acceptability of Banana blossom Cupcake fortified with Honey.

Methodology: The study utilized a descriptive survey method. Data were gathered through structured questionnaires and were assessed using a Likert scale. The questionnaires were distributed to 50 trained and untrained respondents who were faculty and students at Quirino State University. Sensory evaluation was employed on the Honey Banana Blossom Cupcake in terms of the following parameters: taste, texture, appearance, color, aroma, and presentation.

Main Findings: Generally, Honey Banana Blossom Cupcake is highly acceptable among the taster respondents particularly on its appearance, color, texture, and aroma where it was rated as moderately high while its flavor was rated as highly acceptable.

Implications of study: This study specifically addresses the use of banana blossoms to exploit its potential and to support local farmers and growers to maximize their profit

Novelty of study: This research aimed to produced policy to support local products in the province of Quirino.
Resistance genes to Blumeria graminis and their products in cereals
Authors: Plyhun Viktoriia , Antonyuk Maksym , Iefimenko Tetiana , Ternovska Tamara
Published: October 2022

Powdery mildew is one of the most destructive wheat diseases, and it causes a constant need for the improvement of wheat resistance. Transfer of resistance genes from wild relatives into the wheat genetic pool could be an alternative to the use of fungicides. This review contains classification of powdery mildew resistance on different ontogenetic stages (seedling resistance and adult resistance), expression of the trait (quantitative and qualitative), and genes conferring resistance (wide-spectrum and race-specific resistance). Powdery mildew resistance genes are characterised; the number of identified resistance genes is constantly increasing, and in 2019 the number of genes / alleles was 89. The genes controlling the desired trait have originated from different wheat relatives, namely: rye (Secale cereale L.), Dasypyrum villosum (L.) P. Candargy (Haynaldia villosa Schur), Thinopyrum intermedium, and species from the genera Aegilops and Triticum. Resistance genes are classified by their products, chromosome localization, and presence of different alleles. For a number of genes, chromosome localization and the nature of protein products have not yet been determined. Attention is also focused on possible complications that could arise during the identification of new genes, when already known resistance genes / alleles could be falsely identified as new ones. Resistance genes protein products are mostly receptors, which are classified according to their domain structure. The most variable domains in these proteins are leucine-rich repeats (LRRs), which provide the specificity of the receptors. Interaction between pathogen effectors and plant resistance proteins occurs through direct physical interaction or through the intermediate signalling events. Resistance genes and their products have been described, based on the results of the experiments conducted on wheat and other model plants, including monocots (rice), although the information obtained on Arabidopsis thaliana has also been analyzed.
Peculiarities of functioning of hematopoietic progenitor cells of bone marrow of patients with myelodysplastic syndrome in culture in vitro and in cell diffusion chambers in vivo
Authors: Bilko Denys , Pakharenko Marharyta
Published: October 2022

Myelodysplastic syndrome is a clonal disease with changes that occur due to mutations that lead to cytogenetic disorders and involve the hematopoietic stem cell. Researchers have shown that colony growth types in leukemic cell culture with acute and chronic myeloid leukaemia are of a prognostic value to determine the likelihood of remission or disease progression. However, there is no single point of view on the prognostic value of clonal culture research methods in MDS. The aim of the study was to determine the role of hematopoietic progenitor cells, the closest descendants of stem cells, in the formation of the pathological process in MDS, and identify the features of colony formation and morphological composition of bone marrow colonies in patients in vitro and in vivo in diffusion chambers implanted in the abdominal cavity of linear animals to determine their possible prognostic value. Bone marrow samples from patients with MDS with an excess of blasts-1 were examined by haematological, cultural, cytological and statistical methods. The features of colony formation in culture with semi-liquid agar of bone marrow of patients with MDS with an excess of blasts-1 were revealed. It has been established that in patients with the disease detection, the colony-forming ability in the semi-liquid agar of progenitor cells is reduced, the number of cells in the colonies decreases, and the appearance of capricious forms of cell aggregates with changes in culture differentiation were detected. The ability of bone marrow in MDS with an excess of blasts-1 to form colony clones by hematopoietic progenitor cells when cultured in semi-liquid agar both in vitro and in vivo was evaluated. Informative indicators of morphofunctional characteristics of stem cells and their descendants in culture, such as colony-forming ability and cell content of colonies, were determined. It is proved that the results of cultivation in diffusion chambers in vivo are comparable with the data obtained in vitro, and can become, along with traditional methods, an additional sign of detection and progression of MDS.
The role of climatic factors in seasonal differences of CO2 emission from the soil and litter of broadleaf forest phytocoenoses
Authors: Vyshenska Iryna
Published: October 2022

The article presents the results of the study of the intensity of carbon dioxide emission from the forest bedding and soil in the broad-leaved phytocoenosis of the National Nature Park “Holosiivskyi” (Kyiv green belt) in the spring and autumn periods of the year. The research was conducted in the autumn period in October, and in the spring period in April. Site coordinates: 50°17′52.7″N, 30°32′34.4″E. The experimental plot (50 × 50 m) was represented by the association Convallario majali-Quercetum roboris Shevchyk & V. Sl. in Shevchyk & al. 96, union Convallario majali-Quercion roboris Shevchyk, V. Sl. 96. It has been established that more intensive emission of CO2 occurs in the spring period compared to the autumn period. In the spring period of the year, the intensity of carbon dioxide emission from the forest litter and soil in the broad-leaved phytocoenosis ranged from 56.12 to 99.27 μmol CO2·m-2·min-1 and averaged 74.51 μmol of CO2·m-2·min-1. These differences depended on the amount of organic matter in the soil, the density of soil composition, the presence and size of tree roots, as well as the thickness of the forest bedding at the measurement points. In the autumn period of the year, the intensity of carbon dioxide emission from the forest bedding and soil was lower and in average was 68.52 μmol CO2·m-2·min-1. It was found out that higher values of carbon dioxide emissions in the spring period were determined by differences in temperature and humidity. Important factors were the increase in the supply of organic substances in the soil and more intensive processes of decomposition of these substances in the spring. Correlational analysis of the influence of climatic factors on the intensity of carbon dioxide emission proved the predominant role of temperature (r = 0.45) and a smaller influence of humidity (r = 0.15) of air and soil. In general, the conducted research confirmed the importance of monitoring the CO2 emission index of the forest bedding and soil respiration as indicators of the stability of forest ecosystems in the face of climate change.
Pointing the Way for Peace and Justice: The Paterfamilias as Peacebuilder in De ciuitate Dei, Book XIX
Authors: Augustine Isaac Vasumu
Published: October 2022

Right from antique times, the family has always played a significant role in the life and wellbeing of communities and societies. This article critically examines the significance of the family and the concept of the paterfamilias in Augustine’s reflections on peace, justice, love, and conflict resolution. Drawing primarily from Book XIX of De ciuitate Dei and other writings of Augustine, this essay focuses on the concept of the paterfamilias, an oft-neglected and under-recognized idea in the thinking of the bishop of Hippo. This article will argue that the paterfamilias stands at the epicenter of building and propagating peace and justice both at the family level and other echelons of human life. To demonstrate how this happens, first, the idea of family as a locus for peace, and as a legal, theological and sociological concept is delimited at three basic levels. Second, while highlighting some ways through which peace can be propagated and attained, especially in our postmodern world, the centrality of love and collaboration as the bases for peacebuilding and conflict resolution will be emphasized.
Historical Research as a Socratic Dialogue with the Present: Interpreting Augustine’s Treatment of Porphyry in Ciu. 10
Authors: Zwollo Laela
Published: October 2022

This research aims to identify Augustine’s deeper motivations in his refutation of the Neo-Platonist Porphyry in the City of God X. One of the facets of the inquiry is to clarify the role of Porphyry in Augustine’s political theory and in his perspective of the Roman Empire. This essay focuses on the method I employed which led to certain discoveries during these investigations. The method is described in terms of a “Socratic dialogue”, as an Auseinandersetzung between past and modern/recent history. The particular application of this method entails recognizing and objectifying certain attitudes in present society as well as those in contemporary scholarship, which can subliminally color one’s perspective in historical research. This variation of a “Socratic dialogue,” as applied to my research, confronts the conception of “empire” or “empire mentality”; striving for social change in terms of “revolution,” justifying (or rebelling against) oppressive measures or the oppressors. The rigid questioning of these issues takes place in a debate between the “Voice of the Present” (the attitudes identified above) and the “Voice of the Past” (the 4th and 5th century context in the Roman Empire in Augustine’s lifetime). The goal of this method is twofold: to highlight the sometimes thwarting effects of the historian’s personal context on their historical interpretation, and secondly, to open new avenues in interpretation, namely, in my case, enabling the placing of Augustine’s refutation of Porphyry into a more plausible, credible historical context.
Personalidade, sexualidade e violência: problematizando direitos fundamentais de nossa vida civil a partir de Westworld
Authors: Monica Eder Fernandes
Published: October 2022

O artigo problematiza direitos fundamentais civis, como direitos de personalidade, direitos da sexualidade e de proteção e não violência a partir da obra seriada fílmica Westworld, interrelacionando fatos e situações que dão base à noção de humanidade, essenciais para a concepção moderna de sujeito de direito e seus direitos básicos de personalidade, com as tecnologias digitais e problemas que envolvem a Bioética e Biodireito. Em um primeiro momento, apresenta o argumento e contexto da primeira temporada da série. Logo após, debate, a partir do enredo, o que nos constitui enquanto humanos e os limites de nossa consciência. Por fim, extrai problematizações possíveis para o debate sobre nossos direitos de personalidade, sexualidade e corporalidade. Vale-se de pesquisa qualitativa de revisão bibliográfica, análise fílmica e cotejamento crítico, com o objetivo de contribuir para a problematização desses direitos fundamentais civis.
Execução penal e saúde mental: crítica da medida de segurança e direitos fundamentais a partir do regime de dupla garantia
Authors: Cacicedo Patrick , Santos Thiago Pedro Pagliuca dos
Published: October 2022

O artigo tem por objeto o regime jurídico aplicável às pessoas com transtorno mental na fase de execução penal. Para tanto, explora as contradições existentes entre o regime jurídico do Código Penal e da Lei Antimanicomial e suas respectivas lógicas que se opõem radicalmente em termos de fundamentos e práticas. Em razão da persistência das medidas de segurança na realidade material do sistema de justiça criminal, o artigo procura encontrar respostas jurídicas concretas para compatibilizá-las ao paradigma antimanicomial e sua consequente efetivação da liberdade e dos direitos fundamentais das pessoas com transtorno mental. O artigo adota o regime da dupla garantia, segundo o qual as medidas de segurança devem respeitar todos os direitos e garantias penais e processuais penais de modo a impedir que o tratamento dado ao inimputável seja mais severo do que o do imputável ou semi-imputável, ao mesmo tempo em que, por serem aplicadas a pessoas especialmente vulneráveis, devem incidir sobre elas também as normas previstas na legislação que protege as pessoas com deficiências e transtornos mentais. Com base em tal regime, as principais controvérsias da execução de medidas de segurança são enfrentadas e propõe-se soluções para o prazo mínimo de internação, a internação por descumprimento do tratamento ambulatorial e a incidência dos direitos do sistema progressivo.
The role of frailty score in early surgical treatment of elderly cholecystitis patients
Authors: TURHAN Nihan , DURAN Cengiz , ERTORUL Didem , BULUT BATUR Ülkü
Published: October 2022

Objectives: The average life expectancy is increasing all over the world, and as a result, the number of elderly patients is increasing. Acute cholecystitis is one of the most common diseases requiring emergency surgical treatment in the elderly. In the literature, it has been reported that in the treatment of elderly patients with acute cholecystitis, physicians do not fully comply with the current literature recommendations due to some concerns and do not apply surgical treatment in the early period. The concept of frailty, which has come to the fore in geriatric assessment today, provides objective information about the general health status of the patient. In our study, the role of frailty assessment in the decision made regarding the early surgery in elderly patients with acute cholecystitis treated in our hospital was investigated.
Methods: In our study, the clinical features, comorbidities, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) scores, Canadian Study of Health and Aging (CSHA) frailty scale, treatment modalities and prognosis of patients over the age of 65 who were treated with the diagnosis of acute cholecystitis between January 2018 and January 2021 were evaluated retrospectively.
Results: Of the 182 patients included in the study, 24 (13.2%) were found to be frail. It was observed that the mean age and multi-morbidity were higher in the frail group (p < 0.001). It was observed that the mean C-reactive protein and leukocyte values, which are inflammatory mediators, increased in both groups, both fragile and non-fragile, and complicated cholecystitis accompanied by cholangitis or pancreatitis was observed in a total of 64 (35.16%) patients. There were 57 (31.3%) patients using anticoagulant or antiaggregant agents. The patients were most frequently treated with medical treatment (n = 108; 59.3%), the other treatment methods were early surgery ( (n = 46; 25.3%), endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (n = 22; 12.1%) and percutaneous cholecystostomy (n = 11; 6.0%). Surgical treatment was more common in ASA I and II patients, and percutaneous cholecystostomy was more common in frail patients (p < 0.001). There were 20 (14.70%) patients who were re-admitted to the hospital and 6 (3.29%) patients ended up with mortality. No statistical relationship could be demonstrated between these conditions and frailty (p > 0.05).
Conclusions: In the treatment of the elderly cholecystitis patients, early surgical treatment is the most favorable treatment method in order to reduce re-admission and prevent possible complications. However, we think that a detailed geriatric evaluation should be made in a multidisciplinary manner for the decision making regarding the of surgical treatment of elderly patients, and frailty evaluation should also be made in this context.
ANÁLISIS COMPARATIVO DE ASERTIVIDAD PARA TRES ÍNDICES DE ZONAS CONSTRUIDAS APLICADOS A CIUDADES COLOMBIANA
Authors: Leal Villamil Julián , Perea Ardila Mauricio Alejandro , Santa Ramírez Gabriel Alexis
Published: October 2022

La delimitación y caracterización espacio-temporal de las zonas construidas o urbanizadas en las ciudades es un insumo fundamental para la planificación territorial. Los Índices de Zonas Construidas son empleados para identificar las zonasurbanas utilizando sensores remotos. Este estudio tuvo por objetivo evaluar la asertividad multitemporal (1997, 2002, 2007 y 2018) de tres Índices de Zonas Construidas (NDBI, UI e IBI) calculados en imágenes Landsat para tres ciudadescolombianas. Las imágenes fueron mejoradas a través de técnicas de Teledetección y se determinaron los Índices de Zonas Construidas teniendo en cuenta los parámetros establecidos por sus  creadores. Se emplearon 700 puntos verdad terreno(350 para zonas construidas y 350 para zonas no construidas) para establecer la asertividad multitemporal usando el Índice de Kappa. Los resultados muestran que el índice con mejor asertividad multitemporal global fue el NDBI (Kappa = 0.382),el cual también fue el de mejor desempeño para la ciudad de mayor tamaño (Kappa = 0.566); para la ciudad de tamaño intermedio el índice más acertado correspondió al UI (Kappa = 0.545). Los Índices evaluados tuvieron valores nulos de Kappa en la ciudad de Espinal; descartando los resultados obtenidos en esta última ciudad, la asertividad global de losíndices puede incrementarse hasta 0.573. Se infiere la necesidad de realizar nuevas investigaciones que permitan evaluar amayor detalle la aplicabilidad y asertividad de estos índices en el contexto colombiano, al igual que los ajustes a los rangos de valores óptimos para cada ciudad en particular de acuerdo a sus características arquitectónicas.
COMPARACIÓN MORFOMÉTRICA EN POBLACIONES DE MELIPONA BEECHEII DEL MUNICIPIO DE CIENFUEGOS
Authors: Martínez Machado José Andrés , García Rodríguez Brandon , Reyna Reyes Reina Dayamí
Published: October 2022

El estudio de los caracteres morfométricos permitió identificar las similitudes y diferencias poblacionales de abeja Melipona beecheii en el municipio de Cienfuegos. Para estudiar las afinidades morfométricas se seleccionaron de 10 obreras jóvenesdirectamente de la cámara de cría y se preservaron en etanol absoluto a -20°C para su posterior análisis morfométrico. Laevaluación de 12 caracteres morfológicos, 8 no presentaron diferencias significativas, excepto para el ancho de la cabeza(AC) 5,016 ± 0,014, largo de la cabeza (4,311 ± 0,024) y largo del fémur (4,398 ± 0,022) que fueron ligeramente mayores para muestras del meliponario ubicado en Pepe Rivas en comparación con las muestras de Reina, donde solo se mostró diferencia en el largo de la tibia (4,075 ± 0,028). El grado de maculación cefálica de las poblaciones de abejas estudiadas mostraron un grado de coloración en la media, rango en el cual las marcas amarillas cubren entre el 10 - 50% del clypeus y del área supraclypeal y se extienden como delgadas líneas en el área malar alrededor de los ojos. Los resultados sugierenque las poblaciones de abejas Melipona estudiadas en Cienfuegos son similares a las estudiadas en el occidente de Cuba y Yucatán.
부검체 유래의 Escherichia coli와 Shigella spp. 동정을 위한 16S rRNA 유전자 염기서열, API 20E 및 RT-PCR 분석법의 비교
Authors:   The Korean Academy of Scientific Criminal Investigation, Chang Miwha , Lee Haeyong , Kim Joo-Young , Lee Won-Hae , Choung Chong Min , Moon Seohyun
Published: October 2022

Practical techniques to differentiate Escherichia coli from Shigella spp. remains underexplored in the field of forensic microbiology. We aimed to compare the performance of 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and two commercially available API 20E and RT-PCR systems to distinguish between E. coli and Shigella spp. on the basis of analysis of 24 isolates collected from 12 forensic autopsies to evaluate the level of species identification. The accuracy of 16S rRNA gene sequencing at the species level was ranged from 16.7% to 33.3%. However, 79.2% (19/24) were unidentified, even though analyzed using three distinct databases (MicroSEQ 500 library, BLAST, EzTaxon). Phylogenetic analysis confirmed that 16S rRNA gene sequencing could not differentiate Shigella spp. and E. coli. Of the 19 isolates, the API 20E showed complete identification of 78.9% (15/19) at the species level, whereas RT-PCR analysis showed complete identification of 19 isolates (100%) at the species level. Our comparison analyses revealed that only 16S rRNA gene sequencing is not enough to differentiate E. coli and Shigella spp., and the accuracy and rapidity order was as follows: RT-PCR >API 20E>standard analysis. These results suggest that the polyphasic strategy with the standard analysis and RT-PCR or API 20E techniques are ideal for differentiation of these microbes.
The Ink Stroke Density and Width Characteristics of Ballpoint Pen in Forensic Documental Analysis
Authors:   The Korean Academy of Scientific Criminal Investigation, Yoon Young-Wook , Kim jin-Sun , Park Cho-Won , Seo Ji-Young , Choi Jinwoo , Choi Mi Jung
Published: October 2022

The purpose of this study was to confirm the possibility of using the ink stroke density and width as a non-destructive analysis factor for estimating the ink and ball size of a ballpoint pen in the field of identification of writing instruments for document evaluation. The density and width of strokes were measured by applying a constant pressure (100-300 g) to a total of 39 ballpoint pens of 4 types of ink (oil, low-viscosity oil, gel and water) and ball size (0.5-1.0 mm). As a morphological characteristic of stroke density, it was confirmed that there were four types: 1) Selective diffusion of high-viscosity ink, 2) Agglomeration, 3) Dot, 4) Selective diffusion of low-viscosity ink. The deposition value of ink stroke density showed a tendency to be measured twice as low for oil (33.74~47.26%) with high viscosity compared to gel (78.19~84.66%) and water (44.96~85.26%) with low viscosity of ink. The stroke width showed a tendency to increase as the pressure applied to the ballpoint pen and the size of the ball increased. The stroke width according to the ink was similar in the case of oily and low-viscosity oils, but in the case of neutral, it was about 100 μm higher than that of oil and low-viscosity oils. As a result, the density and width of strokes showed a difference in the characteristics that appeared according to the viscosity of the ink. In the order of non-destructive analysis for the identification of writing instruments, it is necessary to ① analyze the deposit shape and deposit value of ink stroke density, and ② to estimate the ink and ball size through ink width measurement. It was confirmed that it can be used.
Factors Influencing Bystander Behavior Related to Dating Violence among Unmarried Men and Women in Their 20s
Authors:   The Korean Academy of Scientific Criminal Investigation, Park Eun Hui , Kim Yujeong
Published: October 2022

The aim of this study was to identify factors influencing bystander behavior related to dating violence among unmarried men and women in their 20s. The participants of this study were 196 unmarried men and women. Data were collected through a structured self-administered survey from February 24, 2022 to February 27, 2022. The questionnaires included dating violence perception, bystander efficacy, collective efficacy, social desirability and bystander behavior directed at friends and strangers. According to the results, bystander efficacy was significant factors influencing bystander behavior directed at both friends and strangers, and collective efficacy and number of couple relationships were the only significant factors influencing bystander behavior directed at strangers. Therefore, it is necessary to develop education and programs to increase bystander efficacy and collective efficacy for bystander behavior related to dating violence.
ANALISIS USAHA MAKANAN FUNGSIONAL FERMENTED GARLIC DENGAN METODE CANVAS MODEL BAGI KOMUNITAS LANSIA NON PRODUKTIF
Authors: Annis Catur Adi  , Wizara Salisa  , Fathrizqita Aghnia Raudhany  , Ali Iqbal Tawakal  , Heni Rachmawati  , Emyr Reisha Ishaura  , Farapti  , Nuthathai Sutthiwong
Published: October 2022

Wabah Covid-19 mulai pada tahun 2020 lalu tidak hanya menyerang kesehatan masyarakat, namun juga menyebabkan krisis dari segi ekonomi. Khususnya pada lansia yang memiliki kondisi fisiologis yang lebih rentan terhadap kejadian Covid-19, maupun untuk melakukan aktivitas bernilai ekonomis. Pengembangan usaha berbasis produk pangan fungsional menjadi salah satu solusi untuk mendapat manfaat kesehatan dan ekonomis sekaligus. Pengabdian masyarakat dilakukan dengan tujuan analisis prospek kelayakan usaha bagi komunitas lansia sebagai dasar pengembangan lebih lanjut. Sebagai metode kegiatan ditempuh dalam dua tahap, yaitu pelatihan dan pendampingan dalam pembuatan fermented garlic pada komunitas lansia, serta tahap kedua yaitu analisis bisnis dengan model canvas yang terdiri dari sembilan kategori komponen bisnis. Hasilnya, tahap pertama kegiatan yang berupa pelatihan dan pendampingan pembuatan fermented garlic pada kelompok lansia di kelurahan Kalisari, kecamatan Mulyosari, Surabaya mendapat timbal balik yang baik dimana komunitas lansia berhasil membuat fermented garlic yang sesuai. Hasil analisis model usaha dengan pendekatan metode canvas, produk fermented garlic sebagai produk pangan fungsional yang memiliki keunggulan pada manfaat kesehatan, serta memiliki peluang pengembangan usaha dan keuntungan bernilai ekonomis dengan mengaplikasikan sembilan komponen yang terdapat dalam bisnis model canvas.
FAKTOR BALITA TIDAK HADIR DI POSYANDU RAMBUTAN DESA YOSOMULYO KECAMATAN GAMBIRAN KABUPATEN BANYUWANGI
Authors: Fahrul Rozi Saputro  , Gina Yola Okvitasari  , Ira Saphira Maulidha
Published: October 2022

Posyandu merupakan salah satu bentuk upaya Kesehatan Bersumber Daya Masyarakat (UKBM) yang dikelola dan diselenggarakan dari, oleh, untuk dan bersama masyarakat, guna memberdayakan masyarakat dan memberikan kemudahan kepada masyarakat dalam memperoleh pelayanan kesehatan dasar, utamanya untuk mempercepat penurunan angka kematian ibu dan bayi. Ibu yang rutin mengunjungi Posyandu bermanfaat monitoring berat badan untuk mengetahui status gizi anak dengan menimbang berat badan setiap bulan agar dapat secara dini mendeteksi status kesehatan anak. Apabila ibu tidak rutin mengunjungi Posyandu mengakibatkan status gizi anak tidak terpantau dengan baik. Berdasarkan uraian diatas, perlu dilakukan survey untuk sweeping balita yang tidak hadir di Posyandu. Survey yang dilaksanakan bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi faktor yang menyebabkan balita tidak hadir di Posyandu. Survey menggunakan desain dekriptif. Survey menggunakan teknik incidental sampling. Instru men yang digunakan adalah kuesioner yang berisi 8 pertanyaan. Berdasarkan hasil survey menggunakan kuesioner diperoleh sejumlah 13 responden dan diketahui bahwa faktor yang mempengaruhi balita tidak hadir di posyandu adalah ibu balita yang tidak memiliki waktu karena bekerja, kualitas pelayanan di posyandu, dan kurangnya pengetahuan ibu balita mengenai manfaat posyandu.
PENINGKATAN PENGETAHUAN SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA DI RSUD SANJIWANI GIANYAR TERKAIT SASARAN KESELAMATAN PASIEN MELALUI KEGIATAN PELATIHAN
Authors: Inge Dhamanti  , Syifa’ul Lailiyah  , Elida Zairina  , Muhammad Rizky Widodo
Published: October 2022

Keselamatan pasien merupakan salah satu disiplin dalam pelayanan kesehatan yang muncul seiring dengan evolusi kompleksitas sistem pelayanan kesehatan sehingga berdampak pada naiknya angka cedera pada pasien. RSUD Sanjiwani perlu mengupayakan sasaran keselamatan pasien. Pada pelaksanaan seluruh sasaran keselamatan pasien, semuanya terkendala pada tidak dapat terlaksananya sosialisasi dan peningkatan pengetahuan tenaga kesehatan sehingga perlu dilakukan dan dievaluasi hasil peningkatan pengetahuannya untuk meningkatkan keselamatan pasien.Pelatihan dilakukan satu kali melalui pemberian materi dan studi kasus. Pengetahuan peserta diukur dua kali yaitu sebelum materi dan sesudah materi diberikan. Dilakukan uji statistik untuk mengetahui peningkatan skor pengetahuan dari pretest dan posttest dengan uji Wilcoxon Rank. Hasil p0,05 dengan CI 95% akan menunjukkan hasil yang bermakna secara statistik. Secara deskriptif, rata-rata skor mengalami peningkatan yaitu pada pretest sebesar 57,8 dari 100 dan pada posttest 68,2 dari 100. Pada nilai pretest, kategori terbanyak adalah cukup sejumlah 61 responden (48,4%) sedangkan nilai posttest terbanyak pada kategori baik sejumlah 71 responden (56,3%). Pengujian dilakukan menggunakan uji Wilcoxon Signed Rank dan didapatkan hasil bahwa nilai p0,001. Karena nilai p lebih kecil dari 0,05, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan pengetahuan responden sebelum dan sesudah diberikan pelatihan dilihat dari skor tes yang didapat. Pelaksanaan pelatihan sasaran keselamatan pasien telah terlaksana dengan baik. Terdapat peningkatan pengetahuan yang signifikan secara statistik dengan hasil uji Wilcoxon Signed Rank yang menghasilkan nilai p0,05. Oleh karena itu, pelatihan sasaran keselamatan pasien di RSUD Sanjiwani Gianyar berhasil mencapai tujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan terkait keselamatan pasien.
Varieties and technical characteristics of solar collectors
Authors: Bushtets Ya. M. , Matsevytyi Yu. M.
Published: October 2022

Background. Energy resource is one of the main components of a successful country. The possibility of using environmentally clean and affordable renewable energy and creating systems for taking solar radiation is a priority in ensuring the economic energyindependence of the state. At present, there are a variety of solar systems according to the technical solution and their use: thermo- and photovoltaic, systems with metal absorbers, solar stations for industrial or private electricity generation, for hot water supply, heating, air conditioning, and other technological needs. But questions about effective insolation and the choice of materials for these systems remainopen. Therefore, the development of efficient solar collectors (SC) with a rational choice of their geometric and thermophysical parametersis absolutely relevant.Objective.The purpose if the paper is to explore and develop efficient devices with maximum absorber throughput and minimization of heat loss.Methods. Analysis of developments of solar collectors by their shape and technical characteristics.Results. According to the review, new developments of solar collectors are marked by the originality and novelty of the technical solution. Corrugated pipe, cellular polycarbonate, activated carbon, a tangle of heat-conducting wire are usedas the absorber material,and the additional heat-accumulating coating – a solution of Glauber’s salt is applied. The inventions can be used in heating and hot water supply systems, indoor air heating, and in equipment that converts electromagnetic radiation from the sun into thermal energy for heating liquid coolants, as well as into electrical energy. For the maximum power of the collector, a receiving surface with a coating of high solarenergy capacity is used and thermal insulation is additionally installed to minimize heat loss. The authors of the article developed and patented a fundamentally new geometric spherical SC.Conclusions. The creation of new and improvement of existing SC ensures energy independence both in the private sector and nationwide, as well as to take care of the environment.The spherical shape allows you to use it effectively during the day.
Bringing Dundee Together: an interdisciplinary public engagement hub: Innovation and Impact Development Fund Report
Authors:   University of Dundee, Rodriguez Andrea , Inns Tom , Fernandes Fernando , Wasim Shabnam , Rogers Amy , Craig Gillian , Yuan Siyang , Nanjappa Sucharita , Cairns Declan , McSwiggan Linda
Published: October 2022

Public Engagement helps universities to create new ways of co-producing, accessing, and sharing knowledge. There is, however, no single path to successful engagement with local communities. Time scales, funding, communication skills and equitable power relationships are some of the challenges that these forms of partnerships face. ‘Bringing Dundee Together: an interdisciplinary public engagement hub’ is a pilot project funded by the IIDF to explore how trusting relationships can be built between the University of Dundee academic community and external Dundee-based partners such as community organizations, practitioners, and policy makers. The Hub concept was based on the principle of a ‘University without walls’, a model in which the university is perceived to be part of the community and therefore a place to be accessible for groups from culturally and demographically diverse contexts. The pilot project has developed: 1. An illustrated infographic describing the conditions that will support strong partnerships that improve engagement with local communities experiencing health inequalities; 2. Initial first steps in building a model of collaboration with the community that will gradually build the foundation for an interdisciplinary Public Engagement Hub on health inequalities, and 3. The identification of strategies to build training in engagement for staff and students, and 4. A series of drawing images on the key principles/structure/vision of this Hub
A Unified Field Theory Derived from a Magnetic Confinement Method that Stimulates Curvature Upon Charged Particles Relative to a Solitary Location that Produces Energy from Particle Deviation
Authors: Moss Samuel
Published: October 2022

This interdisciplinary work presents a novel patent pending method of inertial electrostatic confinement (IEC) fusion called the Nuclear Electromagnetic Shaping Accelerator Reactor (NESAR) that addresses all of the major failure problems with currently known methods of IEC fusion. A brief background of previous IEC methods that generate a negative potential well to accelerate ions for fusion will be reviewed and compared to the NESAR method of magnetic confinement. In addition, a direct comparison will be presented between the NESAR and the tokamak method of fusion. The NESAR method of fusion obtains the plasma oscillation and compression capabilities of a tokamak without producing the catastrophic magnetic reconnection disruptions that currently plague tokamaks. Since the NESAR can oscillate charged particles comparable to the tokamak, this work will briefly review the history of the tokamak, how sawtooth magnetic reconnection occurs, and how the NESAR precludes the occurrence of magnetic reconnection. This work will also review the beginnings of a novel unified field theory that has obtained interest from the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA). This unified field theory is based upon the trajectory of charged particle movements within the NESAR, which is the only concept of magnetic confinement in the world that may allow charge particles to collectively interact relatively to a solitary location. Due to this possible capability, the confined charged particles have the potential to experience curved trajectories; allowing for the effects of curvature deviation to be placed upon the charged particle within the magnetic confines of the NESAR. If charged particles can experience curvature deviation then deviated acceleration is generated; allowing the electromagnet field to be propelled to a higher spatial dimension that could influence spacetime. Finally, this work will review another theory that explains how magnetic pole reversals are observed by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration’s (NASA) coiled magnetic field detectors. This theory requires little to no postulations to be framed and it is purely based upon the trajectory of charged particles within the NESAR, Michael Faraday’s law of induction, and experimental observations of rotating plasmas.
Why Feel Powerless to Breastfeed? ——A Narrative Review of Psycho-social Factors Influencing Breastfeeding under the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB)
Authors: Wu Lin , Li Xiaoxin , Guo Pengyue , Yang Jing
Published: October 2022

Psycho-social factors are key factors to the powerlessness of infant mothers who breastfeed. As the theory of planned behavior (TPB) is widely used to investigate the correlation between psycho-social factors and breastfeeding behavior, this study aims to examine the utility of TPB constructs to predict breastfeeding behavior and understand TPB-based psycho-social factors’ effectiveness on breastfeeding behavior. A narrative review consulting Web of Science, Scopus, Ebsco, PubMed, and PsycInfo in English and Chinese has been conducted, with the inclusion of twenty studies published between January 2000 and May 2022. It is reported that psycho-social factors based on TPB for breastfeeding such as affective attitude, instrumental attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control (including self-efficacy), moral norm, breastfeeding knowledge, and self-identity can effectively explain the breastfeeding behavior. Future research should improve the theoretical model of TPB-based breastfeeding and implement more localized prediction and intervention studies on breastfeeding.