bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study protocol for the Alzheimer and Music Therapy (ALMUTH) Study: a 12-month, Randomised Controlled Trial to Compare the Efficacy of Music Therapy and Physical Activity on Brain Plasticity, Depressive Symptoms, and Cognitive Decline, in a Population with and at Risk for Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Flo Birthe Kristin , Matziorinis Anna Maria , Skouras Stavros , Sudmann Tobba T. , Gold Christian , Koelsch Stefan
Published: February 2022

Background: There is anecdotal evidence for beneficial effects of music therapy in patients with Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). However, there is a lack of rigorous research investigating this issue. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of music therapy and physical activity on brain plasticity, mood, and cognition in a population with AD and at risk for AD.Methods: One-hundred and thirty-five participants with memory complaints will be recruited for a parallel, three-arm Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT). Inclusion criteria are a diagnosis of mild (early) AD or mild cognitive impairment (MCI), or memory complaints without other neuropsychiatric pathology. Participants are randomised into either a music therapy intervention (singing lessons), an active control group (physical activity) or a passive control group (no intervention) for 12 months. The primary outcome is the brain age gap, measured by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and depressive symptoms. Secondary outcomes include cognitive performance, activities of daily living, brain structure (voxel-based morphometry and diffusion tensor imaging), and brain function (resting-state functional MRI).Trial Status: Screening of participants began in April 2018. A total of 84 participants have been recruited and started intervention, out of which 48 participants have completed 12 months of intervention and post-intervention assessment.Discussion: Addressing the need for rigorous longitudinal data for the effectiveness of music therapy in people with and at risk for developing AD, this trial aims to enhance the knowledge about cost-effective interventions with high clinical applicability.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03444181, registered on February 23, 2018.
Loss Of MHC Class I Related Gene Expression Inhibited The M1 Macrophages Infiltration In Tumor Microenvironment Of Ovarian Serous Cystadenocarcinoma
Authors: Xu Lin , Zhu Hui , Liu Juan , Fu Yajuan , Sun Lizhou , Xuemei Jia
Published: February 2022

Background: Previous studies have shown that tumor immune microenvironment was an important factor affecting the progression and prognosis of ovarian cancer. The purpose of this study is to explore the prognosis related immune cell types in the immune microenvironment of ovarian cancer by using the ovarian cancer database, and to study the potential factors affecting specific immune cell infiltration. Method: Based on TCGA ovarian cancer database, CIBERSORT method was used to preliminarily analyze the infiltration ratios of 22 kinds of immune cells around ovarian cancer, and to further evaluate the correlation between infiltration cells and prognosis based on the survival data. In addition, this study will calculate the tumor infiltrating M1 Macrophages abundance (IM1A) to verify the correlation between M1 Macrophages load and the prognosis of ovarian cancer; and to explore the potential pathway of M1 Macrophages infiltration by Pearson correlation analysis. Results: The results showed that the infiltration proportion of follicular helper T cells and M1 Macrophases was negatively correlated with the poor prognosis of ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma, while activated Mast cells was opposite. In addition, the overall survival of ovarian cancer patients with high IM1A was significantly longer than that of patients with low IM1A; the enrichment of GSEA KEGG pathway showed that multiple pathways were correlated with M1 Macrophages infiltration (including 67 positive and 1 negative pathways), and the highest correlation was found in antigen processing and presentation pathway. The expression level of some MHC class I related genes (potential target genes of immunotherapy) in antigen processing and presentation pathway was positively correlated with the infiltration ratios of M1 Macrophages in microenvironment, including HLA A, HLA B, HLA C, HLA E, HLA F, B2M, TAP1, TAP2, and TAPBP. Conclusion: In general, the decreased infiltration of M1 Macrophages indicates poor prognosis of ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma, and the expression loss of MHC class I pathway gene might be the key factor for the inhibition of infiltration of M1 Macrophages. Altering these key genes expression could improve the infiltration of M1 Macrophages and the overall prognosis of ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma.
Factors Associated with Anxiety-Related Disorders in Children and Adolescents during COVID-19 in Oman: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Shekaili Muna Al , Huseini Salim Al , Al-Kalbani Yahya , Mirza Hassan , Chan Moon , Hassan Waleed , Al-Sulimani Fatma , Ghafri Ghaniya Al , Al-Sumri Hanan , Amer Ahmed , Ganesh Aishwarya , Saadoon Muna Al , Al-Adawi Samir
Published: February 2022

BACKGROUND: Reports from different parts of the world suggest that the COVID-19 pandemic and the resultant lockdown and social distancing measures have heralded unprecedented mental health challenges among children and adolescents. To date, there is a dearth of studies emerging from the Arabian Gulf, where the majority of its population are children and adolescents. The study aims to examine the prevalence of anxiety-related disorders and their covariates among children and adolescents in an Arabian Gulf country, Oman. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional analytic study carried out over two weeks (1st to 15th of August 2020) during the COVID-19 pandemic across Oman. Parents were asked to complete the online survey, which consisted of the parent version of the Screen for Child Anxiety Related Disorders (SCARED-41) scale and questions regarding basic socio-demographic information. Logistic regression was used to identify the contributing variables associated with anxiety-related disorders.RESULTS: A total of 790 children, 33.3% (n=263) fulfilled the criteria for anxiety-related disorders. Logistic regression analysis suggested that anxiety-related disorders in children were significantly associated with three demographic variables. The model shows that children with divorced or separated parents were 1.9 times more likely to have anxiety-related disorders than children of married couples (OR=1.93, p=0.035). Children living in families with an income below USD 1,000/month, were 1.8 times more likely to have anxiety-related disorders than a family with an income of USD 4,000/month (OR=1.833, p=0.018). Children in grades 3-6 were 1.8 times more likely to have anxiety-related disorders than those in grades 1-2 (OR=1.79, p=0.024). CONCLUSIONS: Anxiety-related disorders are common among Arabic-speaking Omani children and adolescents. They are more likely to be reported in middle scholastic grade levels and children from families with marital discord and low socioeconomic status. It is not clear whether the presently observed rates of anxiety exceed the prevalence that would have been observed pre-COVID-19 era. More studies are therefore warranted using children and adolescents' self-reported scales.
The mechanism of cartilage regeneration by buffy coat and the pre-clinical study
Authors: Jin Longhao , Su Hang , Song guo , Gurung Kumar , FU Shouyong , Jin GuangWen , Mei Hao , Wang Xu
Published: February 2022

Background Autologous bone marrow buffy coat transplantation possesses obvious advantages in the therapy of cartilage defects. However, there is no definite research on the specific effective components of bone marrow buffy coat and its mechanism of cartilage regeneration. Moreover, bone marrow buffy coat is difficult to fix onto the damaged cartilage area. We assessed the effect of using hyaluronic acid(HA) as a gel scaffold mixed with autologous bone marrow buffy coat to fix cartilage defect. Methods and Materials We extracted the bone marrow from the anterior superior iliac crest of rabbit, centrifuged to obtain buffy coat, and analyzed the components of buffy coat by ELISA. Buffy coat+fibrin/HA group, MSC+fibrin/HA group, MSC+TGF-β+fibrin/HA group were cultured in vitro and observed by staining. In addition, we made damage to the femoral condyle of rabbits, and divided them into groups: HA group, buffy coat group, buffy coat with HA group. Each group was assessed for cartilage regeneration by visual observation, histological at 4 weeks and 8 weeks, and biochemical analysis at 8 weeks postoperatively. One-way ANOVA and LSD were used for statistic analysis. Results Buffy coat have a variety of growth factors, inflammatory factors and anti-inflammatory factors that stimulate the MSCs’ regeneration. Buffy coat can differentiate into cartilage without TGF-β stimulation in vitro. The cartilage regeneration ability of buffy coat and buffy coat+HA is strong, and the combination of buffy coat and gel scaffold HA can make cartilage formation ability more stable in vivo. Conclusion MSC and cytokines in buffy coat synergistically promote cartilage regeneration. Gel scaffold HA enhances the effect of buffy coat on cartilage attachment and regeneration of cartilage defects.
time (space) matters
Authors: Bader Nadia , Karl Notburga
Published: February 2022

Am Beispiel von Tutorial-Videos als digitale Lehr- und Lern-Medien fragt der Beitrag nach deren medialen Eigenheiten und medial durchwirkten Bildungspotenzialen. Inwiefern schwingen mediale Übersetzungsprozesse, medial vermittelte Momente des Zeigens und Erklärens implizit in der Ausgestaltung solcher Videos mit? Inwiefern werden sie explizit genutzt? Und welche Bildungspotenziale birgt ein medial sensibilisierter Umgang mit (audio-)visuellen Gestaltungsmöglichkeiten? Im Rahmen aktueller Lehrentwicklungen (Blended und Distance Learning) lohnt sich eine genauere Untersuchung insbesondere bildungsrelevanter, medienästhetischer Dimensionen bestimmter (Lehr-/Lern-)Medien und Tools. Mit Erfolgsgarantie werbend – z. B. zum perspektivisch ‹richtigen› Zeichnen – suggerieren Tutorial-Videos Verständlichkeit, Machbarkeit und einen schnellen, selbstbestimmten Zugriff auf deren Lerninhalte (z. B. durch Fast Forward, Pause, Wiederholung). Zugleich kann die damit einhergehende Effektivitätslogik einer unreflektierten Reproduktion impliziter normativer Vorstellungen Vorschub leisten. Die Frage nach dem Wie der Darstellung kann dahingehend eine medial sensibilisierte, repräsentationskritische Sichtweise eröffnen. Beispielsweise kann sich ‹laienhafte› Nachlässigkeit in einer (irritierenden) Bildstörung als bildend zeigen, wenn sie die Aufmerksamkeit von Rezipierenden auf deren eigene Wahrnehmung lenkt und sie dazu auffordert, sich zu erklärten und gezeigten Inhalten (bewusster) ins Verhältnis zu setzen, satt vorschnell einer ‹Verstehensillusion› zu erliegen. Im Sinne einer transformatorischen Bildungstheorie sind solche Wahrnehmungsbrüche potenziell eher ermächtigend als beispielsweise die symbolische Form der Perspektive selbst und ermöglichen eine kritische Auseinandersetzung damit. Im vorliegenden Text-Bild-Beitrag nutzen wir distanzierend-kritische sowie künstlerisch-experimentelle Methoden, um medial bedingte Bildungspotenziale in Tutorial-Videos aufzudecken und weiterzudenken.
A Rationale for a New Operational Integrated Quality and Efficiency Index for Assessing the Performance of Hematological Services in Constituent Entities of the Russian Federation
Authors: Parovichnikova Elena Nikolaevna , Garmaeva T.Ts. , Lazareva O.V. , Lukina K.A. , Chabaeva Yu.A. , Kulikov S.M. , Troitskaya V.V. , Gaponova T.V. , Menshikova L.I. , Savchenko V.G.
Published: February 2022

Background. Since 2018 a widespread national project “Healthcare” has been implemented in the Russian Federation (RF) to improve the quality, efficiency, availability, and affordability of medical care in the profiles of specialties in constituent entities of the RF. Modern hematology as a medical field of high technology and crucial solutions is notable for its multi- and interdisciplinarity of most nosological forms, complexity of diagnostic process, multi-structuredness and diversity of related physician teams in different structural units and subdivisions. One of the key issues in federal proj ects is to determine the indicators for assessing the efficiency of regional hematological services in constituent entities of the RF. Aim. To elaborate and substantiate a new integrated operational efficiency index for hematological services in constituent entities of the RF. Materials & Methods. The analysis of data and assessment of feasibility of a new integrated operational index “early mortality in acute leukemia” (AL) were based on the results of 5 multi-center trials, including an epidemiological one. Results. Multi-center clinical studies on AL are the only objective tools for assessing the treatment efficacy, its improvement, and further training of hematologists taking part in the trials. AL treatment requires well-developed infrastructure of hematological services involving not only staff matters and organization of hematologists’ activities, but also management of many highly important related subdivisions and laboratories, logistics of their interaction, time specifications, meeting clinical guidelines, and lastly, and most importantly, financial support. Conclusion. The Unified State Information System “Hematology” is the only platform providing the objective information on patients’ vital status and enabling the use of the suggested integrated index for assessing the quality and efficiency of hematological services in the regions of the RF. This indicator of early mortality in AL patients less than 60 years of age is 15 % for acute myeloid leukemias and 10 % for acute lymphoblastic leukemias. Its low values would demonstrate that this or that constituent entity of the RF is provided with sufficient infrastructure, technologies, and a professional team to keep those patients alive who have severe but curable hematological diseases. The indicator of long-term survival or “life years gained” should become the main strategic criterion for the therapy efficacy in hematological diseases.
Current State of Diagnosis and Treatment of Acute Myeloid Leukemias in Adult Patients in the Republic of Kazakhstan
Authors: Klodzinskii A.A. , Pivovarova I.A. , Turgunova L.G. , Anafina Aimzhan Zharkynovna , Zinchenko A.V.
Published: February 2022

Background. In recent years, the incidence of acute myeloid leukemias (AML) globally has continued to increase. Current approaches to AML treatment remain a challenge for the healthcare in many countries. There are only single studies on the analysis of AML state in adult patients in Kazakhstan. Over the last 10 years in Kazakhstan, no results of AML monitoring in adult patients have been available. Aim. To study the characteristics of clinical course and treatment outcomes in AML in the Central Kazakhstan and in the city of Ust-Kamenogorsk, East Kazakhstan Region. Materials & Methods. The study enrolled 86 AML patients (46 men and 40 women), the median age was 60.5 years (range 19-86 years); 64 (74.4 %) patients were from Karaganda Region, 15 (17.4 %) patients were from Ust-Kamenogorsk, and 7 (8.1 %) patients were from other regions of Kazakhstan. The analysis covered the structure and treatment outcomes in newly diagnosed AML patients within the period from 2018 to June, 2021. Statistical analysis of data was made using SPSS Statistics 23.0. Results. The analysis of diagnostic techniques showed that myelogram and immunophenotyping were used in 98.8 %, cytogenetic assay was made in 18 %, and molecular analysis was performed in 59.3 % of patients. The “7+3” remission induction was administered in 54.6 % of patients, 20.9 % of patients were treated with hypomethylating agents and low doses of cytarabine, and 24.4 % of patients were on palliative and supportive therapy. Out of 47 patients treated with the “7+3” remission induction, complete clinical hematological remission was reached in 29 (61.7 %) patients. Primary resistance was reported in 21.3 % of patients. Early mortality (death within 30 days from the start of induction) rate was 17 %. High-dose cytarabine consolidation (1.5-3 g/m2 twice every other day, 2-3 courses) was administered to 75.8 % of patients. All the allogeneic bone marrow transplantations (n = 7) were performed at the National Research Center for Oncology and Transplantology in Nur-Sultan. The median overall survival in the group of standard “7+3” chemotherapy recipients was 11 months (range 1-83 months), and the median disease-free survival was 9 months (range 2-79 months). Conclusion. The study presents the characteristics and short-term outcomes of treatment of adult AML patients in Kazakhstan. The study limitations were a short follow-up period and enrollment of patients only from two regions of Kazakhstan. It is necessary to continue improving the current standards of AML diagnosis and treatment of adult patients.
Metal-Supported Niobium Catalysts Investigation for Conversion of Bio-Renewable Glycerol to Organic Compounds
Authors: Pestana Carolina , Pinto Bianca , Fernandes Daniella , Mota Claudio
Published: February 2022

The glycerol oxidative dehydration to organic compounds, especially acrolein and acrylic acid, was studied over vanadium, molybdenum, and cobalt oxides supported on niobium oxide and niobium phosphate catalysts. At 300 °C, the glycerol conversion was 100% over all catalysts tested, and acrolein was the main product observed, without significant deactivation within the time on stream studied. Except for Co/V/Nb2O5, acrylic acid was formed over all catalysts, but the selectivity was not higher than 10%. Acetaldehyde and acetic acid were the other organic oxygenated products formed. Although the catalysts supported over Nb2O5 presented significantly lower acidity than the catalysts supported over NbOPO4, they showed 100% glycerol conversion, indicating that the dehydration of glycerol does not require strong acidity. These data indicate the potential of niobium-based supports in the development of an active and selective catalyst for the glycerol oxidehydration to acrolein and acrylic acid, chemicals of great importance in the industry.
The numerical simulation of air heating dynamics by interelectrode discharge
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Renev Maksim E. , Dobrov Yuri V. ,   St. Petersburg State University, Lashkov Valery A. ,   St. Petersburg State University, Mashek Igor Ch. ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: February 2022

In the paper the first 200 ns of the air pulsed interelectrode discharge with gasdynamics dynamics is considered. Exactly this first step of the discharge evolution is the most interesting for obtaining the properties of heat power input in the interelectrode gap. The data about heating of layers near the cathode and the anode, volume heating at the end of the first step are presented. The spherical shock wave is produced near the cathode.
The determination of a preliminary orbit by Cauchy-Kuryshev-Perov method
Authors:   Institute of Applied Astronomy of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kuznetsov Vladimir B.
Published: February 2022

The determination of preliminary orbits of celestial bodies is of interest for observational astronomy, from the point of the view of the discovery of new bodies or identification with already known ones. To solve this problem, the techniques are required that are not limited both by the values of eccentricity of the orbit and by the time intervals between observations. In this paper, we consider the geometric Cauchy-Kuryshev-Perov method for determining the preliminary orbit. It is shown how, within the framework of the two-body problem, proceeding only from geometric constructions, using five angular observations to determine an orbit that does not lie in the plane of the observer’s motion. This method allows us to reduce the problem of determining the preliminary orbit to an algebraic system of equations for two dimensionless variables, with a finite number of solutions. The method is suitable for determining both elliptical and hyperbolic orbits. Moreover, it has no restrictions on the length of the orbital arc of the observed body and is unlimited by the number of complete revolutions around the attracting center between observations. All possible combinations of body positions in orbit are divided into 64 variants and represented by the corresponding systems of equations. This article presents an algorithm for finding solutions to the problem without a priori information about the desired orbit. Solutions are sought in a limited area, in which triangulation is performed with ranking triangles for compliance with the search conditions, which makes it possible to exclude consideration of most of them at the initial stage. Solutions of the system are found by the Nelder-Mead method through the search for the minima of the objective function. The obtained orbits are compared, through the presentation of observations, and the best one is selected. An example of determining the orbit of comet Borisov 2I is given.
Apicectomia associada à regeneração óssea guiada: relato de caso
Authors: Jeferson Luis de Oliveira Stroparo  , Geraldo Fernando Stroparo  , Jonathan Fernando de Oliveira Stroparo  , Gabriel Camargo de Oliveira  , Alexandre Domingues Teixeira Neto  , Shaban Mirco Burgoa La Forcada  , João Cesar Zielak  , Marilisa Carneiro Leão Gabardo  , Natanael Henrique Ribeiro Mattos  , Flares Baratto Filho  , Tatiana Miranda Deliberador
Published: February 2022

A cirurgia de apicectomia é uma técnica amplamente descrita e aceita que consiste na ressecção da extremidade ou porção apical da raiz. Para favorecer a neoformação óssea, a técnica da regeneração óssea guiada (ROG) pode ser associada ao procedimento da apicectomia. Objetivo: Reportar uma cirurgia de apicectomia e a ROG com o acompanhamento de um ano. Relato de caso: Foi realizada a cirurgia de apicectomia, seguida da técnica de ROG, com uso de biomaterial xenogênico bovino e fibrina rica em plaquetas injetável (i-PRF), formando um StickyBone. Como barreira, foram utilizadas membranas autólogas de fibrina rica em plaquetas e leucócitos (L-PRF). Conclusão: A técnica da apicectomia associada à de ROG, com uso dos biomateriais e fibrina rica em plaquetas, promoveu cicatrização satisfatória, mantendo o elemento dentário envolvido.
Antidepressant Prescription for Major Depressive Disorder: Results from
a Population-Based Study in Italy
Authors: Martinotti Giovanni , Dell'Osso Bernardo , Di Nicola Marco , Cipelli Riccardo , Peduto Ilaria , Pugliese Anna Cristina , Signorelli Maria Salvina , Ventriglio Antonio
Published: February 2022

Objectives:

There is limited evidence about the factors influencing antidepressant (AD) prescription for the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD) in Real World clinical practice in Italy. In this retrospective, population-based study, we set out to describe a patient cohort initiated on AD treatment for MDD and investigate the possible predictors of different ADs prescription in the primary care setting.

Methods:

Patients with a diagnosis of MDD who received an initial prescription of one of 11 selected ADs between 1-Apr-2017 and 31-Mar-2019 (index date) were identified from primary care electronic medical records in the Longitudinal Patient Database. Patients prescribed ≥1 AD in the 12 months before index date were excluded. Results were stratified by AD molecule. Multivariable logistic regression models estimated the association between patients’ demographic, clinical factors, and choice of AD molecule.

Results:

The study cohort comprised 8,823 patients (67.1% female; mean age 61.6 years). Previous AD treatments (prescribed in the 10 years before index date) had been received by 46.6% of patients (non-naïve patients). The most commonly reported psychiatric and medical comorbidities reported in the 12 months before index date were anxiety (8.4%) and hypertension (41.9%), respectively. Patients’ age was a significant predictor of AD molecule prescribed at index date in eight of the 11 molecules investigated while patients’ gender influenced clinician prescribing of bupropion, citalopram, fluoxetine, fluvoxamine, sertraline, and vortioxetine.

Conclusions:

Results from this Real World study provide useful information for clinicians on the clinical factors influencing AD prescription in patients treated for MDD in primary care.
Green Synthesis of Magnetite Nanoparticles Using Leaf Plant Extracts of
South American Endemic Cryptocarya alba
Authors: Carmona Erico R. , Alarcón-Aravena Giannina , Recio-Sánchez Gonzalo , Ruiz Aixa González , Domenech Josefa , Marcos Ricard , Garrido Karla
Published: February 2022

Background:

Due to their extremely small size, large surface area, and magnetism,
magnetite nanoparticles (Fe3O4NPs) have distinct chemical and physical properties, enhancing
their suitability for a variety of medical, biosensing, electronic, and environmental applications.

Methods:

Magnetite nanoparticles were easily obtained by green synthesis using leaf extracts of
the South American endemic Cryptocaria alba (Peumo) tree. FeNPs were characterized by using
UV-visible spectrophotometry, Transmission Electronic Microscopy (TEM), Dynamic Light
Scattering (DLS), Laser Doppler Velocimetry (LDV), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and Thermogravimetric
Analysis (TGA).

Results:

Fe3O4NPs were successfully synthetized, and they showed crystalline nature, primary
dry diameter means between 12 nm and 15 nm, spherical apparent shape, and good stability in
aqueous suspension. Additionally, preliminary studies indicated that low concentrations of magnetite
nanoparticles (1000 times lower than the literature reported) reduced chemical oxygen
demand (COD), apart from concentrations of total phosphates and nitrates from pisciculture
wastewater samples incubated for 24 h.

Conclusions:

Green synthesis of Peumo iron nanoparticles is an easy, fast, and viable ecofriendly
bioprocess under certain conditions of fabrication to obtain nanometric and stable iron
particles with promising removal properties of nitrates, phosphates, and COD from wastewaters.
Effect of Conditions of the Pulsed Plasma-chemical Synthesis on Physicochemical
Properties of the CuxOy/TiO2 Nanocomposite
Authors: Kholodnaya Galina , Sazonov Roman , Ponomarev Denis , Lapteva Olga
Published: February 2022

Aim:

This work presents the study results related to the effect of multipulse
electron beam and additional heating of the reaction mixture on the structural
and morphological characteristics of the CuxOy/TiO2 nanocomposite prepared by
the pulsed plasma-chemical method.

Method:

The CuxOy/TiO2 nanocomposites were characterized by transmission
electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), and X-ray
diffraction (XRD).

Result:

It was found that an increase in the impact of a pulsed electron beam on the synthesized composite affected the degree of its agglomeration and the geometric mean particle diameter. Additional heating of the reaction mixture increased the geometric diameter of the synthesized particles (up to 200 nm).

Conclusion:

The phase composition of the CuxOy/TiO2 nanocomposite changed
depending on the synthesis conditions.
0-2 Yaş Bebeği Olan Annelerin Konjenital Anomali Oluşumuna Etken Olan Risk Faktörleri Açısından Karşılaştırılması
Authors: SARI Canan , KALAYCIOĞLU Ahmet
Published: February 2022

Amaç: Bu araştırma 0-2 yaş doğumsal anatomik anomalisi olan bebeklerin annelerinin aynı yaş grubunda sağlam bebeği olan anneler ile konjenital anatomik anomali oluşuma etken olan risk faktörleri açısından karşılaştırılması amacıyla planlanmıştır.Yöntem: Retrospektif, ilişki arayıcı ve tanımlayıcı tipte yapılan araştırma, 0-2 yaş arasında çocuğu olan, araştırmaya katılmayı gönüllü olarak kabul eden, çalışmanın yapıldığı tarihler arasında kurumda çocuğu yatarak tedavi olan 200 anne ile anket yöntemi kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Bulgular: Araştırmaya katılan annelerin tamamının yaş ortalamasının 30,25+5,99 (Min:19/ Maks: 42) yıl, çocuklarda en sık görülen konjenital anatomik anomalilerin ise genitoüriner sisteme ait olduğu (%46,0) belirlenmiştir. Çocukları konjenital anatomik anomali sahibi olan annelerin; şehirde yaşadığı, kronik hastalığa sahip olduğu, spinal anestezi ile bebeklerini dünyaya getirdikleri görülmüştür, çocukların iseçoğunluğu erkek olup erken doğum öyküsü bulunmaktadır (p<0.05). Annelerin gebelik sürecinde sigara tüketimi, pasif içiciliğe maruziyeti ve akraba evliliği yapma durumu çocuklarda konjenital anatomik anomali oluşumu açısından anlamlı farklılık ifade etmemektedir (p>0.05). Sonuç: Konjenital anatomik anomalilerin önlenmesi ile maternal ve fetal sağlığın korunması amacıyla koruyucu sağlık hizmetlerinin yaygınlaştırılması, annelerin gebelikte teratojenik etki oluşturabilecek risk faktörleri açısından bilinçlendirilmesi amacıyla eğitim programlarının düzenlenmesi önerilmektedir.
The kitchen fire prevention system using a global system for mobile
Authors: Ahad Rosnee , Mohd Shafiq Lowe Nur Amani Lowe , Mustafa Mohamad Zaid , Sumarwati Sri
Published: February 2022

Fire is one of the disasters that cause property loss and casualties. Based on statistical analysis, the cases related to Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) fires caused by the stove, are repeated every year. There is no fire prevention system in the house, usually in the kitchen, applied as a safety and prevention measure to prevent fire. Therefore, this quantitative study aims to develop a prototype of the kitchen fire prevention system using the Global System for Mobile (GSM) modem to reduce the risk of fire in the living room caused by the kitchen appliances. The development of this project refers to the five steps in the Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) method which is needs analysis, design, implementation, testing, and evaluation. The results show that the prototype combines two types of sensors namely MQ135, and LM35, where it works simultaneously in two conditions. Under "Reminder 1", when the MQ135 detects smoke above 100 while LM35 exceeds 40ºC, the Arduino Uno microcontroller directs the DC motor to turn off the kitchen valve automatically. Besides, GSM simultaneously sends the first warning message to the user. In the "Warning 2" state, when MQ135 detects smoke above 200 while LM35 is above 50ºC, GSM sends a second warning message. The findings of this study indicate that experts recommend improvements to use the 5V power supply from the AC / DC adapter. Overall, experts argue that the prototype design is clear and easy to understand and the prototype of the stove fire prevention system is suitable for development for safety and notification purposes.
Enhancing primary school students' competencies in step by step controllable argumentation using a new learning environment
Authors: Ate Dekriati
Published: February 2022

For the goal of raising the mathematical performance of students, the quality of teaching has to be improved in the direction that critical thinking and a step-by-step controllable argumentation have to be established. Metacognitive activities of teachers and students can support this. The goal of the design research presented in this paper is to show how metacognitive activities in classroom discussions can be fostered and the mechanisms can be uncovered. For this purpose, on the one hand, a new learning environment - designed for learning addition and subtraction of integers in grade four – has been created. On the other hand, the teacher and the students have been consequently educated to practice new behavior during the lessons. This pilot study is carried out in Sumba, in a regular class, grade four, consisting of 28 students. The lessons had been video graphed; selected pieces of the public discussions have been transcribed. Teacher’s and learners’ utterances and their interplay have been classified using a particular coding system developed for those purposes. The pattern of classifications has been the basis for interpreting the metacognitive-discursive learning culture. One result of the study is that students even in grade four accept such a learning environment; they practice inventing and analyzing strategies in this field of algebra as it would be a game with step-by-step controllable argumentations. After that, an astonishingly short time of educating students to practice metacognitive activities, both in oral discussions as well as in written answers to relevant formulated questions.
Analysis of interest and process skills in learning mathematics
Authors: Kamid Kamid , Anwar Khairul , Iriani Dewi , Nawahdani Ahmad Mansur
Published: February 2022

This study aims to reveal the comparison of students' skills and interests in mathematics subject matter, and the relationship between process skills and students' interest in mathematics lessons with circle material. This was quantitative research with associative and comparative types. The samples were 70 students of a State Junior High School and 70 students of a State Islamic Junior High School in Batanghari district, Jambi, Indonesia, established using the purposive sampling technique. The interest and process skill data were collected using a questionnaire which was validated.  The data were analyzed descriptively and inferentially with paired sample t-test and Pearson correlation test. The result of this study showed that 1) there are differences in students' interest in mathematics between the two schools and 2) there is a relationship between process skills and students' interest in mathematics in the circle material for the two schools. It can be concluded that good process skills and a strong interest in learning mathematics will make students more successful in learning mathematics.
Technology Literacy in Undergraduate Medical Education: Review and Survey of the US Medical School Innovation and Technology Programs
Authors: Wang Judy Jiaqi , Singh Rishabh K , Miselis Heather Hough , Stapleton Stephanie Nicole
Published: February 2022

Background

Modern innovations, like machine learning, genomics, and digital health, are being integrated into medical practice at a rapid pace. Physicians in training receive little exposure to the implications, drawbacks, and methodologies of upcoming technologies prior to their deployment. As a result, there is an increasing need for the incorporation of innovation and technology (I&T) training, starting in medical school.

Objective

We aimed to identify and describe curricular and extracurricular opportunities for innovation in medical technology in US undergraduate medical education to highlight challenges and develop insights for future directions of program development.

Methods

A review of publicly available I&T program information on the official websites of US allopathic medical schools was conducted in June 2020. Programs were categorized by structure and implementation. The geographic distribution of these categories across US regions was analyzed. A survey was administered to school-affiliated student organizations with a focus on I&T and publicly available contact information. The data collected included the founding year, thematic focus, target audience, activities offered, and participant turnout rate.

Results

A total of 103 I&T opportunities at 69 distinct Liaison Committee on Medical Education–accredited medical schools were identified and characterized into the following six categories: (1) integrative 4-year curricula, (2) facilitated doctor of medicine/master of science dual degree programs in a related field, (3) interdisciplinary collaborations, (4) areas of concentration, (5) preclinical electives, and (6) student-run clubs. The presence of interdisciplinary collaboration is significantly associated with the presence of student-led initiatives (P=.001). “Starting and running a business in healthcare” and “medical devices” were the most popular thematic focuses of student-led I&T groups, representing 87% (13/15) and 80% (12/15) of respondents, respectively. “Career pathways exploration for students” was the only type of activity that was significantly associated with a high event turnout rate of >26 students per event (P=.03).

Conclusions

Existing school-led and student-driven opportunities in medical I&T indicate growing national interest and reflect challenges in implementation. The greater visibility of opportunities, collaboration among schools, and development of a centralized network can be considered to better prepare students for the changing landscape of medical practice.
The Sociodemographic Digital Divide in Mobile Health App Use Among Clients at Outpatient Departments in Inner Mongolia, China: Cross-sectional Survey Study (Preprint)
Authors: Cao Li , Chongsuvivatwong Virasakdi , McNeil Edward B
Published: February 2022

BACKGROUND

Mobile health (mHealth) apps have become part of the infrastructure for access to health care in hospitals, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, little is known about the effects of sociodemographic characteristics on the digital divide regarding the use of hospital-based mHealth apps and their benefits to patients and caregivers.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to document the cascade of potential influences from digital access to digital use and then to mHealth use, as well as the potential influence of sociodemographic variables on elements of the cascade.

METHODS

A cross-sectional survey was conducted from January to February 2021 among adult clients at outpatient departments in 12 tertiary hospitals of Inner Mongolia, China. Structural equation modeling was conducted after the construct comprising digital access, digital use, and mHealth use was validated.

RESULTS

Of 2115 participants, the β coefficients (95% CI) of potential influence of digital access on digital use, and potential influence of digital use on mHealth use, were 0.28 (95% CI 0.22-0.34) and 0.51 (95% CI 0.38-0.64), respectively. Older adults were disadvantaged with regard to mHealth access and use (β=–0.38 and β=–0.41), as were less educated subgroups (β=–0.24 and β=–0.27), and these two factors had nonsignificant direct effects on mHealth use.

CONCLUSIONS

To overcome the mHealth use divide, it is important to improve digital access and digital use among older adults and less educated groups.
Virtual Care Prior to and During COVID-19: A Cross-Sectional Survey of Rural and Urban Adults (Preprint)
Authors: Rush Kathy , Seaton Cherisse L. , Corman Kendra , Hawe Nicole , Li Eric , Dow-Fleisner Sarah J. , Hasan Khalad , Oelke Nelly D. , Currie Leanne M. , Pesut Barb
Published: February 2022

BACKGROUND

The COVID-19 pandemic has driven a massive shift to virtual care to reduce person-to-person contact, though rural-urban differences are relatively unexplored.

OBJECTIVE

The two-fold purpose of the present study was to examine rural and urban virtual care access, use, and satisfaction during the pandemic and to identify any unmet needs.

METHODS

A cross-sectional online survey exploring virtual care among rural and urban adults in summer 2021 using a combination of fixed and open-ended response options.

RESULTS

Overall, 501 (75% female; Age 19-86 years; 47% rural-living) Western Canadians completed the survey. Virtual care use was high among both rural (72%) and urban (71%) participants, with over half reporting having only started to use virtual care since the pandemic. The self-reported need for mental health programs and services increased during the pandemic compared to prior for both rural and urban participants. Among virtual care users, interest in its continuation was high. Our analysis also shows that internet quality (all Ps<.05) and eHealth literacy (all Ps<.001) were positively associated with participants’ perceptions of virtual care usefulness, ease of use, and satisfaction with no rural/urban differences. Rural participants were less likely to have used video in communicating with doctors/healthcare providers, compared to urban participants (P<.001). When describing unmet needs, participants described: 1) lack of access to care; 2) limited health promotion and prevention options; and 3) lack of mental health service options.

CONCLUSIONS

The increased demand for and use of virtual care may reflect a lack of alternatives due to limited in-person services during the COVID-19 pandemic, so a balance between virtual care and in-person care is important to consider post-pandemic. Further, ensuring availability of high-speed internet and education to support patients will be important for providing accessible and effective virtual care, especially for rural residents.

CLINICALTRIAL

Not Applicable
Influenza vaccination in coronavirus times: intention to be vaccinated by Primary Care professionals (VAGCOVID). A cross sectional study (Preprint)
Authors: Muñoz-Miralles Raquel , Bonet-Esteve Anna , Rufas-Cebollero Anna , Fuster-Casanovas Aïna , Pelegrin-Cruz Xavier , Vidal-Alaball Josep
Published: February 2022

BACKGROUND

Influenza vaccination is the main measure of prevention against the epidemic flu. Although it is recommended, the vaccination coverage remains low. The lack of knowledge about the evolution of influenza in the context of the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus pandemic led to the recommendation of influenza vaccination to people at risk and professionals to avoid a greater burden than the one already posed by SARS-CoV-2. The aim of the study is to determine the intention to vaccinate against seasonal flu of health professionals in the 2020-21 campaign in the context of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and to analyse the factors that influence it.

OBJECTIVE

Study on the acceptance of SIV, the perception of risk of seasonal influenza during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and the influence of contextual factors related to the hygienic/physical measures implemented during the pandemic.

METHODS

Cross-sectional study through a structured survey aimed at Primary Care professionals in Central Catalonia.

RESULTS

A total of 610 participants responded to the survey, 65.7% of whom intended to be vaccinated against influenza in this campaign and 11.1% did not know or did not answer. The intention to be vaccinated is associated with the professional category and the number of years of professional practice. The profile of the professionals who intend to be vaccinated against flu includes professionals with a history of vaccination, who participate in on-call duties and perceive that their dependents were at risk of becoming ill.

CONCLUSIONS

Vaccination intention can be a good predictor of vaccination coverage by health professionals. However, there are still a significant number of professionals who are hesitant or reluctant to be vaccinated; an issue that highlights the need to establish actions aimed especially at them, addressing not only knowledge, but also attitudes and beliefs about vaccination

CLINICALTRIAL

The Research Ethics Committee (CEI) of the University Institute for Research in Primary Care (IDIAP Jordi Gol) approved the study protocol number 20/177-PCV.
Testing Patch, Helix and Vertical Dipole GPS Antennas with without Choke Ring Frame
Authors: Amami Mustafa M.
Published: February 2022

Abstract: The antenna is the connecting part between Global Positioning System (GPS) satellite and receiver, and it works on transferring the satellite signal propagation to the receiver with minimum interruption. This is beside the main role that GPS antenna can play for accurate and precise positioning. High quality GPS antennas have high gain, systematic radiation pattern, Right Hand Circular Polarization (RHCP), and low directivity. Multipath error is a principal error source connected with GPS positioning and it can be mitigated using better antenna design. GPS antennas tend to be provided with choke ring frame for protection from the reflected RHCP electromagnetic waves. In this paper, the performance of three different types of GPS antenna, namely: Microstrip Patch Antenna (MPA), Helix antenna (HA), and Vertical Dipole antenna (VDA), with and without choke ring frame, has been investigated using single frequency GPS receiver. The antennas have been examined under the same GPS environment, including satellites constellation, geometry, and surroundings, with different heights from the ground reflector surface for multipath evaluation. Short base-line kinematic differential code GPS (DGPS) technique has been used for removing and mitigating the main GPS error sources and focusing on multipath effect. Satellite residuals and the quality of the obtained positioning have been considered for evaluating the performance of each antenna. The results have reflected the ability of choke ring frames to improve the performance of the three GPS antennas with different rates in multipath areas, and illustrate the advantages and limitations of each antenna. Keywords: Micro-strip, Patch, Helix, Vertical Dipole, GPS, Choke Ring Antenna, Multipath.
A Survey on Prediction of COVID-19 Using Machine Learning
Authors: Bhong Vaishnavi
Published: February 2022

Abstract: Coronavirus (COVID-19) is an irritation infection from another infection. The infection causes respiratory disease (like flu) with indications, for instance, cool, hack and fever, and in logically genuine cases, the issue in relaxing. COVID-2019 has been seen as an overall pandemic and a couple of assessments are being driven using distinctive numerical models to foresee the presumable headway of this epidemic. These numerical models subject to various components and examinations are needy upon likely tendency. Here, we introduced a model that could be helpful to foresee the spread of COVID-2019.Foreseen the expected examples of COVID-19 impacts in India reliant on information accumulated from Kaggle. With the regular information about affirmed, demise and recuperated cases across India for over the time length helps in foreseeing and assessing the not all that removed future. Prior to creating the models, a correlation coefficient analysis between various dependent and independent features was performed to establish the strength of the association between each dependent and independent feature of the dataset. The training dataset was used to train the models 80% of the time, while the testing dataset was used to test the models 20% of the time. Keywords: Covid-19, pre-processing, classifier algorithm, feature extraction, SVM etc.
Wildlife comics, or the making of young naturalists in late Franco's Spain (1969–1970)
Authors: Tabernero Carlos
Published: February 2022

This essay examines a highly popular comic series published in Spain between 1969 and 1970 which focused on Felix Rodríguez de la Fuente (1928–1980), a prominent and influential naturalist and media icon, as main character. These comics constitute a remarkably illustrative example of the use of popular media in processes of construction of natural history knowledge. Situated in the complex final years of Franco's regime, they allow us to probe the combined role of science, media, and celebrity in the construction of a visual environmental culture through storytelling strategies designed to engage young audiences in naturalist-like practices.