bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Altered expression of genes controlling metabolism characterizes the tissue response to immune injury in lupus
Authors: Kingsmore Kathryn M. , Bachali Prathyusha , Catalina Michelle D. , Daamen Andrea R. , Heuer Sarah E. , Robl Robert D. , Grammer Amrie C. , Lipsky Peter E.
Published: July 2021

To compare lupus pathogenesis in disparate tissues, we analyzed gene expression profiles of human discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE) and lupus nephritis (LN). We found common increases in myeloid cell-defining gene sets and decreases in genes controlling glucose and lipid metabolism in lupus-affected skin and kidney. Regression models in DLE indicated increased glycolysis was correlated with keratinocyte, endothelial, and inflammatory cell transcripts, and decreased tricarboxylic (TCA) cycle genes were correlated with the keratinocyte signature. In LN, regression models demonstrated decreased glycolysis and TCA cycle genes were correlated with increased endothelial or decreased kidney cell transcripts, respectively. Less severe glomerular LN exhibited similar alterations in metabolism and tissue cell transcripts before monocyte/myeloid cell infiltration in some patients. Additionally, changes to mitochondrial and peroxisomal transcripts were associated with specific cells rather than global signal changes. Examination of murine LN gene expression demonstrated metabolic changes were not driven by acute exposure to type I interferon and could be restored after immunosuppression. Finally, expression of HAVCR1, a tubule damage marker, was negatively correlated with the TCA cycle signature in LN models. These results indicate that altered metabolic dysfunction is a common, reversible change in lupus-affected tissues and appears to reflect damage downstream of immunologic processes.
Electrostatic model of dielectric elastomer generator based on finite element
Authors: Cao Jianbo , Lu Gangqiang , Shiju E. , Gao Zhao , Zhao Tianfeng , Xia Wenjun
Published: July 2021

When dielectric elastomer materials are used for power generation, bias voltage is applied at both ends of dielectric elastomer film, and there are equal amounts of heterogeneous charges on both sides of the film, so Maxwell electrostatic force is always coupled in the process of power generation. In order to investigate the distribution of Maxwell stress in dielectric elastomer material under electric field, the electrostatic model of dielectric elastomer generator is established in COMSOL finite element simulation software environment in this paper. The distribution of electrostatic force is studied from two aspects of theoretical derivation and simulation, and the magnitude and direction of electrostatic force are determined. The simulation results show that the Maxwell electrostatic force can be equivalent to the tensile force along the film plane and the extrusion force perpendicular to the plane, and they are the same.
Cyclic stretching-induced epithelial cell reorientation is driven by microtubule-modulated transverse extension during the relaxation phase
Authors: Lien Jui-Chien , Wang Yu-li
Published: July 2021

Many types of adherent cells are known to reorient upon uniaxial cyclic stretching perpendicularly to the direction of stretching to facilitate such important events as wound healing, angiogenesis, and morphogenesis. While this phenomenon has been documented for decades, the underlying mechanism remains poorly understood. Using an on-stage stretching device that allowed programmable stretching with synchronized imaging, we found that the reorientation of NRK epithelial cells took place primarily during the relaxation phase when cells underwent rapid global retraction followed by extension transverse to the direction of stretching. Inhibition of myosin II caused cells to orient along the direction of stretching, whereas disassembly of microtubules enhanced transverse reorientation. Our results indicate distinct roles of stretching and relaxation in cell reorientation and implicate a role of myosin II-dependent contraction via a microtubule-modulated mechanism. The importance of relaxation phase also explains the difference between the responses to cyclic and static stretching.
Root exudate chemical cues of an invasive plant modulate oviposition behavior and survivorship of a malaria mosquito vector
Authors: Milugo Trizah K. , Tchouassi David P. , Kavishe Reginald A. , Dinglasan Rhoel R. , Torto Baldwyn
Published: July 2021

Gravid female Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes identify suitable oviposition sites through a repertoire of cues, but the influence of allelochemicals, especially root phytochemicals in modulating this behavior and impacting subsequent progeny bionomics remains unexplored. We addressed these questions in the malaria vector Anopheles gambiae and its invasive host plant Parthenium hysterophorus. Using chemical analysis combined with laboratory behavioral assays, we demonstrate that a blend of terpenes, namely α-pinene, α-phellandrene, β-phellandrene, 3-carene and (E)-caryophyllene emitted from P. hysterophorus root exudate treated-water attracted gravid females. However, fewer eggs (55%) hatched in this treatment than in control water (66%). The sesquiterpene lactone parthenin, identified in both the natural aquatic habitat harboring P. hysterophorus and root exudate-treated water was found to be responsible for the ovicidal effect. Moreover, larvae exposed to parthenin developed 2 to 3 days earlier but survived 4 to 5 days longer as adults (median larval survival time = 9 days (all replicates);11 to 12 days as adults) than the non-exposed control (median larval survival time = 11 days (reps 1 & 2), 12 days (rep 3); 6 to 7 days as adults). These results improve our understanding of the risk and benefits of oviposition site selection by gravid An. gambiae females and the role root exudate allelochemicals could play on anopheline bionomics, with potential implications in malaria transmission.
Training-induced plasticity enables visualizing sounds with a visual-to-auditory conversion device
Authors: Pesnot Lerousseau Jacques , Arnold Gabriel , Auvray Malika
Published: July 2021

Sensory substitution devices aim at restoring visual functions by converting visual information into auditory or tactile stimuli. Although these devices show promise in the range of behavioral abilities they allow, the processes underlying their use remain underspecified. In particular, while an initial debate focused on the visual versus auditory or tactile nature of sensory substitution, since over a decade, the idea that it reflects a mixture of both has emerged. In order to investigate behaviorally the extent to which visual and auditory processes are involved, participants completed a Stroop-like crossmodal interference paradigm before and after being trained with a conversion device which translates visual images into sounds. In addition, participants' auditory abilities and their phenomenologies were measured. Our study revealed that, after training, when asked to identify sounds, processes shared with vision were involved, as participants’ performance in sound identification was influenced by the simultaneously presented visual distractors. In addition, participants’ performance during training and their associated phenomenology depended on their auditory abilities, revealing that processing finds its roots in the input sensory modality. Our results pave the way for improving the design and learning of these devices by taking into account inter-individual differences in auditory and visual perceptual strategies.
MiR-486-3p was downregulated at microRNA profiling of adrenals of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 mice, and inhibited human adrenocortical carcinoma cell lines
Authors: Li Su-Chen , Monazzam Azita , Razmara Masoud , Chu Xia , Stålberg Peter , Skogseid Britt
Published: July 2021

Adrenocortical carcinoma is a rare aggressive disease commonly recurring regardless of radical surgery. Although data on genomic alterations in malignant tumors are accumulating, knowledge of molecular events of importance for initiation of adrenocortical transformation is scarce. In an attempt to recognize early molecular alterations, we used adrenals from young multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 conventional knock-out mice (Men1+/−) closely mimicking the human MEN1 trait (i.e. transformation of pituitary, parathyroid, endocrine pancreatic, and adrenocortical cells). MicroRNA array and hierarchical clustering showed a distinct pattern. Twenty miRNAs were significantly upregulated and eleven were downregulated inMen1+/−compared to wild type littermates. The latter included the known suppressor miRNA miR-486-3p, which was chosen for transfection in human adrenocortical carcinoma cell lines H295R and SW13. Cell growth decreased in miR-486-3p overexpressing clones and levels of the predicted target gene fatty acid synthase (FASN) and its downstream product, palmitic acid, were lowered. In conclusion, heterozygous inactivation ofMen1in adrenals results in distinct miRNA profile regulating expression of genes with impact on tumorigenesis, e.g. transcription, nucleic acid and lipid metabolism. Low levels of miR-486-3p in the early stages of transformation may contribute to proliferation by increasing FASN and thus fatty acid production. FASN as a potentially druggable target for treatment of the devastating disease adrenocortical carcinoma warrants further studies.
Young children learn first impressions of faces through social referencing
Authors: Eggleston Adam , Geangu Elena , Tipper Steven P. , Cook Richard , Over Harriet
Published: July 2021

Previous research has demonstrated that the tendency to form first impressions from facial appearance emerges early in development. We examined whether social referencing is one route through which these consistent first impressions are acquired. In Study 1, we show that 5- to 7-year-old children are more likely to choose a target face previously associated with positive non-verbal signals as more trustworthy than a face previously associated with negative non-verbal signals. In Study 2, we show that children generalise this learning to novel faces who resemble those who have previously been the recipients of positive non-verbal behaviour. Taken together, these data show one means through which individuals within a community could acquire consistent, and potentially inaccurate, first impressions of others faces. In doing so, they highlight a route through which cultural transmission of first impressions can occur.
In vitro evidence for the involvement of H2S pathway in the effect of clodronate during inflammatory response
Authors: Montanaro Rosangela , D’Addona Alessio , Izzo Andrea , Ruosi Carlo , Brancaleone Vincenzo
Published: July 2021

Clodronate is a bisphosphonate agent commonly used as anti-osteoporotic drug. Throughout its use, additional anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties have been reported, although the benefits described in the literature could not solely relate to their inhibition of bone resorption. Thus, the purpose of our in vitro study is to investigate whether there are underlying mechanisms explaining the anti-inflammatory effect of clodronate and possibly involving hydrogen sulphide (H2S). Immortalised fibroblast-like synoviocyte cells (K4IM) were cultured and treated with clodronate in presence of TNF-α. Clodronate significantly modulated iNOS expression elicited by TNF-α. Inflammatory markers induced by TNF-α, including IL-1, IL-6, MCP-1 and RANTES, were also suppressed following administration of clodronate. Furthermore, the reduction in enzymatic biosynthesis of CSE-derived H2S, together with the reduction in CSE expression associated with TNF-α treatment, was reverted by clodronate, thus rescuing endogenous H2S pathway activity. Clodronate displays antinflammatory properties through the modulation of H2S pathway and cytokines levels, thus assuring the control of the inflammatory state. Although further investigation is needed to stress out how clodronate exerts its control on H2S pathway, here we showed for the first the involvement of H2S in the additive beneficial effects observed following clodronate therapy.
Efficient gene transfer into zebra finch germline-competent stem cells using an adenoviral vector system
Authors: Jung Kyung Min , Kim Young Min , Kim Jin Lee , Han Jae Yong
Published: July 2021

Zebra finch is a representative animal model for studying the molecular basis of human disorders of vocal development and communication. Accordingly, various functional studies of zebra finch have knocked down or introduced foreign genes in vivo; however, their germline transmission efficiency is remarkably low. The primordial germ cell (PGC)-mediated method is preferred for avian transgenic studies; however, use of this method is restricted in zebra finch due to the lack of an efficient gene transfer method for the germline. To target primary germ cells that are difficult to transfect and manipulate, an adenovirus-mediated gene transfer system with high efficiency in a wide range of cell types may be useful. Here, we isolated and characterized two types of primary germline-competent stem cells, PGCs and spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs), from embryonic and adult reproductive tissues of zebra finch and demonstrated that genes were most efficiently transferred into these cells using an adenovirus-mediated system. This system was successfully used to generate gene-edited PGCs in vitro. These results are expected to improve transgenic zebra finch production.
Comparative transcriptomic analysis of two Saccharopolyspora spinosa strains reveals the relationships between primary metabolism and spinosad production
Authors: Zhang Yunpeng , Liu Xiaomeng , Yin Tie , Li Qi , Zou Qiulong , Huang Kexue , Guo Dongsheng , Zhang Xiaolin
Published: July 2021

Saccharopolyspora spinosa is a well-known actinomycete for producing the secondary metabolites, spinosad, which is a potent insecticides possessing both efficiency and safety. In the previous researches, great efforts, including physical mutagenesis, fermentation optimization, genetic manipulation and other methods, have been employed to increase the yield of spinosad to hundreds of folds from the low-yield strain. However, the metabolic network in S. spinosa still remained un-revealed. In this study, two S. spinosa strains with different spinosad production capability were fermented and sampled at three fermentation periods. Then the total RNA of these samples was isolated and sequenced to construct the transcriptome libraries. Through transcriptomic analysis, large numbers of differentially expressed genes were identified and classified according to their different functions. According to the results, spnI and spnP were suggested as the bottleneck during spinosad biosynthesis. Primary metabolic pathways such as carbon metabolic pathways exhibited close relationship with spinosad formation, as pyruvate and phosphoenolpyruvic acid were suggested to accumulate in spinosad high-yield strain during fermentation. The addition of soybean oil in the fermentation medium activated the lipid metabolism pathway, enhancing spinosad production. Glutamic acid and aspartic acid were suggested to be the most important amino acids and might participate in spinosad biosynthesis.
Prevalence of cancer susceptibility variants in patients with multiple Lynch syndrome related cancers
Authors: Choi Yoon Young , Shin Su-Jin , Lee Jae Eun , Madlensky Lisa , Lee Seung-Tae , Park Ji Soo , Jo Jeong-Hyeon , Kim Hyunki , Nachmanson Daniela , Xu Xiaojun , Noh Sung Hoon , Cheong Jae-Ho , Harismendy Olivier
Published: July 2021

Along with early-onset cancers, multiple primary cancers (MPCs) are likely resulting from increased genetic susceptibility; however, the associated predisposition genes or prevalence of the pathogenic variants genes in MPC patients are often unknown. We screened 71 patients with MPC of the stomach, colorectal, and endometrium, sequencing 65 cancer predisposition genes. A subset of 19 patients with early-onset MPC of stomach and colorectum were further evaluated for variants in cancer related genes using both normal and tumor whole exome sequencing. Among 71 patients with MPCs, variants classified to be pathogenic were observed in 15 (21.1%) patients and affected Lynch Syndrome (LS) genes: MLH1 (n = 10), MSH6 (n = 2), PMS2 (n = 2), and MSH2 (n = 1). All carriers had tumors with high microsatellite instability and 13 of them (86.7%) were early-onset, consistent with LS. In 19 patients with early-onset MPCs, loss of function (LoF) variants in RECQL5 were more prevalent in non-LS MPC than in matched sporadic cancer patients (OR = 31.6, 2.73–1700.6, p = 0.001). Additionally, there were high-confidence LoF variants at FANCG and CASP8 in two patients accompanied by somatic loss of heterozygosity in tumor, respectively. The results suggest that genetic screening should be considered for synchronous cancers and metachronous MPCs of the LS tumor spectrum, particularly in early-onset. Susceptibility variants in non-LS genes for MPC patients may exist, but evidence for their role is more elusive than for LS patients.
Temporal trajectory of biofluid markers in Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Baek Min Seok , Lee Myung Jun , Kim Han-Kyeol , Lyoo Chul Hyoung
Published: July 2021

Full dynamics of biofluid biomarkers have been unknown in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Using data from 396 PD patients and 182 controls in the Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative (PPMI) database, we estimated long-term temporal trajectories of CSF α-synuclein (α-syn), amyloid-β (Aβ), total tau (t-tau), phosphorylated tau (p-tau) and serum neurofilament light chain (NfL) by integrating function between the baseline levels and annual changes. At baseline, PD patients showed lower CSF α-syn, Aβ, t-tau and p-tau levels than those of the controls. In all PD patients, CSF α-syn and Aβ decreased in a negative exponential pattern before the onset of motor symptoms, whereas CSF t-tau and p-tau, and serum NfL increased. Patients with cognitive impairment exhibited faster decline of Aβ and α-syn and faster rise of t-tau, p-tau and NfL, when compared to those without. Similarly, low Aβ group showed earlier decline of α-syn, faster rise of t-tau, p-tau and NfL, and faster decline of cognitive performances, when compared to high Aβ group. Our results suggest that longitudinal changes in biomarkers can be influenced by cognitive impairment and Aβ burden at baseline. PD patients with Aβ pathology may be associated with early appearance of α-synuclein pathology, rapid progression of axonal degeneration and neurodegeneration, and consequently greater cognitive decline.
Population size estimation of seasonal forest-going populations in southern Lao PDR
Authors: Rerolle Francois , Jacobson Jerry O. , Wesson Paul , Dantzer Emily , Lover Andrew A. , Hongvanthong Bouasy , Smith Jennifer , Marshall John M. , Sturrock Hugh J. W. , Bennett Adam
Published: July 2021

Forest-going populations are key to malaria transmission in the Greater Mekong Sub-region (GMS) and are therefore targeted for elimination efforts. Estimating the size of this population is essential for programs to assess, track and achieve their elimination goals. Leveraging data from three cross-sectional household surveys and one survey among forest-goers, the size of this high-risk population in a southern province of Lao PDR between December 2017 and November 2018 was estimated by two methods: population-based household surveys and capture–recapture. During the first month of the dry season, the first month of the rainy season, and the last month of the rainy season, respectively, 16.2% [14.7; 17.7], 9.3% [7.2; 11.3], and 5.3% [4.4; 6.1] of the adult population were estimated to have engaged in forest-going activities. The capture–recapture method estimated a total population size of 18,426 [16,529; 20,669] forest-goers, meaning 61.0% [54.2; 67.9] of the adult population had engaged in forest-going activities over the 12-month study period. This study demonstrates two methods for population size estimation to inform malaria research and programming. The seasonality and turnover within this forest-going population provide unique opportunities and challenges for control programs across the GMS as they work towards malaria elimination.
A benzaldehyde–indole fused chromophore-based fluorescent probe for double-response to cyanide and hypochlorite in living cells
Authors: Zhang Kexin , Wang Hao , Cheng Siyao , Zhang Cheng , Zhai Xinrang , Lin Xiangpeng , Chen Hao , Gao Ruru , Dong Wei
Published: July 2021

A simple benzaldehyde–indole fused chromophore-based fluorescent probe could detect CN− and ClO− in the field of cell imaging.
K+located in 6-membered rings of low-silica CHA enhancing the lifetime and propene selectivity in MTO
Authors: Zhang Jingyan , Ren Li , Mi Yangyang , Luo Peng , Xu Hao , Guan Yejun , Peng Honggen , Song Shaojia , Song Weiyu , Wu Haihong , He Mingyuan , Wu Peng
Published: July 2021

Methanol-to-olefins (MTO) technology presently serves as a key to convert coal or natural gas to valuable hydrocarbons, in particular lower olefins.
Dihydrogen cleavage by a dimetalloxycarbene–borane frustrated Lewis pair
Authors: Paparo Albert , Nguyen Anh L. P. , Silvia Jared S. , Spaniol Thomas P. , Maron Laurent , Cummins Christopher C. , Okuda Jun
Published: July 2021

Dititanoxycarbene [(TiX3)2(μ-CO2)] (X = N[tBu](3,5-Me2C6H3)) and B(C6F5)3 cleaved dihydrogen under ambient conditions to give the zwitterionic formate [(TiX3)2(μ-OCHO-κO:κO′)(B(C6F5)3)] and the hydrido borate [Ti(N[tBu]Ar)3][HB(C6F5)3].
Rh(iii)-catalyzed regioselective C–H activation dialkenylation/annulation cascade for rapid access to 6H-isoindolo[2,1-a]indole
Authors: Zhang Fangming , Zhu Xin , Luo Bo , Wang Chengming
Published: July 2021

6H-isoindolo[2,1-a]indoles were accessed via a Rh(iii)-catalyzed N–H free indole directed C–H activation dialkenylation/annulation cascade in moderate to excellent yields.
Integration of adsorption and catalytic active sites in cobalt iron oxide nanorods for an excellent performance Li–S battery with a wide temperature range
Authors: Deng Ding-Rong , Cui Xue-Yang , Fan Xiao-Xiang , Zheng Jie-Qing , Fan Xiao-Hong , Wu Qi-Hui , Zheng Ming-Sen , Dong Quan-Feng
Published: July 2021

Due to the synergistic strengthening of the Co catalytic center and Fe adsorption center in the CoFe2O4 nanorods which used as a host material for a Li–S battery. The effective working temperature of the battery is widened to −20 to 70 °C.
Tailored nanocellulose-grafted polymer brush applications
Authors: Geurds Lauren , Lauko Jan , Rowan Alan E. , Amiralian Nasim
Published: July 2021

This review demonstrates the application of nanocellulose-based polymer brushes in a range of different industries.
Characterization of the interfacial Li-ion exchange process in a ceramic–polymer composite by solid state NMR
Authors: Ranque Pierre , Zagórski Jakub , Devaraj Shanmukaraj , Aguesse Frédéric , López del Amo Juan Miguel
Published: July 2021

Li-ion exchange mechanism in ceramic–polymer composite electrolytes.
Directing the deposition of lithium metal to the inner concave surface of graphitic carbon tubes to enable lithium-metal batteries
Authors: Chen Weilin , Hong Youran , Zhao Zehua , Zhang Yuting , Pan Linhai , Wan Jia , Nazir Maria , Wang Jiangwei , He Haiyong
Published: July 2021

Selective deposition of lithium into a carbonaceous host is considered an effective strategy to prevent the growth of lithium metal dendrities.
Self-sorting multimetal–organic gel electrocatalysts for a highly efficient oxygen evolution reaction
Authors: Xiao Yali , Wang Qiushi , Feng Xiying , Wu Jinyi , Liao Peisen , Tong Yexiang , Zhang Jianyong
Published: July 2021

Multimetallic metal–organic aerogels with self-sorting phases are developedviaa facile one-pot method for high electrochemical performance.
Tailoring the lateral size of two-dimensional silicon nanomaterials to produce highly stable and efficient deep-blue emissive silicene-like quantum dots
Authors: Li Hongjin , Wang Yang , Dai Xingliang , Gao Yun , Lu Guochao , Fang Zhishan , He Haiping , Huang Jingyun , Ye Zhizhen
Published: July 2021

A highly stable and efficient deep-blue emissive silicon nanomaterial is demonstrated, opening the door towards the silicon-material for blue-emitting applications.
UVES analysis of red giants in the bulge globular cluster NGC 6522
Authors: Barbuy B. , Cantelli E. , Muniz L. , Souza S. O. , Chiappini C. , Hirschi R. , Cescutti G. , Pignatari M. , Ortolani S. , Kerber L. , Maia F. F. S. , Bica E. , Depagne E.
Published: July 2021

Context. NGC 6522 is a moderately metal-poor bulge globular cluster ([Fe/H] ~ −1.0), and it is a well-studied representative among a number of moderately metal-poor blue horizontal branch clusters located in the bulge. The NGC 6522 abundance pattern can give hints on the earliest chemical enrichment in the central Galaxy.

Aims. The aim of this study is to derive abundances of the light elements C and N; alpha elements O, Mg, Si, Ca, and Ti; odd-Z elements Na and Al; neutron-capture elements Y, Zr, Ba, La, and Nd; and the r-process element Eu. We verify if there are first- and second-generation stars: we find clear evidence of Na–Al, Na–N, and Mg–Al correlations, while we cannot identify the Na–O anti-correlation from our data.

Methods. High-resolution spectra of six red giants in the bulge globular cluster NGC 6522 were obtained at the 8m VLT UT2-Kueyen telescope with both the UVES and GIRAFFE spectrographs in FLAMES+UVES configuration. In light of Gaia data, it turned out that two of them are non-members, but these were also analysed. Spectroscopic parameters were derived through the excitation and ionisation equilibrium of Fe I and Fe II lines from UVES spectra. The abundances were obtained with spectrum synthesis. Comparisons of abundances derived from UVES and GIRAFFE spectra were carried out.

Results. The present analysis combined with previous UVES results gives a mean radial velocity of vrhel = −15.62±7.7 km s−1 and a metallicity of [Fe/H] = −1.05 ± 0.20 for NGC 6522. Mean abundances of alpha elements for the present four member stars are enhanced with [O/Fe] = +0.38, [Mg/Fe] = ≈+0.28, [Si/Fe] ≈ +0.19, and [Ca/Fe] ≈ +0.13, together with the iron-peak element [Ti/Fe] ≈ +0.13, and the r-process element [Eu/Fe] = +0.40. The neutron-capture elements Y, Zr, Ba, and La show enhancements in the +0.08 < [Y/Fe] < +0.90, 0.11 < [Zr/Fe] < +0.50, 0.00 < [Ba/Fe] < +0.63, 0.00 < [La/Fe] < +0.45, and −0.10 < [Nd/Fe] < +0.70 ranges. We also discuss the spread in heavy-element abundances.
Research on psychosocial risks in the context of intervention and rescue activities in toxic / flammable / explosive environments
Authors: Kovacs Izabella , Gireadă Andrei Lucian , Irimia Alin , Munteanu Laurenţiu
Published: July 2021

Work implies interaction of several components such as equipment, work environment, work load and human factor. Prevention of work accident and occupational diseases is mainly based on knowledge and assessment of occupational risks associated with each workplace. Psychosocial risks are usually caused by stress, thus being greatly influenced by individual perceptions. Identifying psychosocial risks is based on the analysis of individual reactions to external factors and activities. Worldwide, work related stress is seen as a major present-day challenge, faced by occupational health and safety specialists. Considered at organizational level and not as individual issues, psychosocial risks and stress can be managed to the same extent as any other occupational health and safety risk. The growing issue of protecting emergency workers against occupational health and safety risks has been highlighted as a priority by many experts. Demands on intervention and rescue personnel, as well as occupational health and safety risks will increase as they face larger events both in number and magnitude and severity. The current paper will summarize key issues related to work-related stress and will discuss how stress at work can be best managed in the context of intervention and rescue activities in toxic / flammable / explosive environments.
Experimentation of a new type of permissible explosive under the specific conditions of the Jiu Valley mines
Authors: Laszlo Robert , Ghicioi Emilian , Radeanu Cristian , Garaliu Busoi Bogdan , Ilici Stefan
Published: July 2021

At the underground mining works performed in coal, rock and mixed coal & rocks, the process applied almost exclusively is by drilling & blasting. Given that the mines in the Jiu Valley are classified as methane mines, this involves the use of explosives and means of initiation that are safe from methane gas and coal dust. To date, permissible powdered explosives have been widely used. The drilling & blasting patterns were established according to the physical - mechanical and geological characteristics of the rocks in the massif, the type and section of the mining works as well as the restrictions imposed by the methane regime of the mines. In recent years, the widespread use of emulsion explosives has led to the development of permissible types of emulsion explosives. In order to use the permissible emulsion in the coal mines in the Jiu Valley, it was necessary to test in the INSEMEX landfill the safety and functioning parameters as well as to perform underground blasts, in the specific conditions of the methane coal mines. The paper describes the underground experimental blasting works performed, as well as technical and safety recommendations for the use of this type of explosive - permissible emulsion.
Assessment of the level of implementation of metrological traceability requirements specific to measurement equipment in the laboratory for explosive materials and pyrotechnic articles
Authors: Cioara Cristian , Morar Marius , Babut Andrada , Tuhut Ligia
Published: July 2021

The scientific article presents a synthesis on the analysis of the implementation of metrological traceability requirements specific to measuring equipment used for performing accredited tests in the field of explosives for civil use and pyrotechnic articles. In order to mitigate / minimize the risk related to the measurement uncertainty it is applied the proper traceability path in compliance with the requirements of the RENAR Policy, so that to ensure the availability of objective evidence for supporting metrological traceability, based on the documents of the implemented system. Also, the periodicity of calibration of measuring and testing equipment is between 2 and 6 years, being established according to the following criteria: level of use, regime of use, accuracy and stability requirements imposed in operation, metrological reliability performances of the equipment, quality of the working environment, the manufacturer’s recommendations regarding the stability of the equipment. At the same time, the modification of this period is performed when there are significant changes of one or more parameters taken into account in the previous assessment, and in case of failure of a measuring equipment provided with a calibration certificate, it has to be calibrated again after its’ repair.
Theoretical and experimental research on the possibility of saline water evacuation from the sump of Unirea shaft in Slanic mine
Authors: Vitan Daniel Cosmin , Stănilă Sorina , Lăpăduşi (Maceşeanu) Ionela Cristina , Brănişteanu Bogdan
Published: July 2021

The paper approaches the necessity and implementation of a viable solution for constant saline water evacuation, and its transportation to the surface of the mine. A major problem in Slanic Prahova salt mine has been found to be water infiltration. Sump flooding is due to the high humidity condensation of the air circulating along Unirea sump, making a constant air exchange between the underground and the surface, at a temperature of 12-15 degrees. Water infiltration coming from ground water layers are also a factor favouring sump flooding.
Determination of the chemical composition of the residual powder in order to identify the source of release
Authors: Şuvar Sonia Niculina , Prodan Maria , Szollosi-Moţa Andrei , Nălboc Irina , Nicola Aurelian
Published: July 2021

Particles in suspension come mainly from pollutant emissions generated by industry, traffic, home heating, etc. Due to these particles, various diseases can occur, such as lung cancer, asthma, cardiovascular diseases. An important problem is represented by the particles with an aerodynamic diameter of less than 10 micrometers, which pass through the nose and throat and enter the alveoli of the lungs causing inflammation and intoxication. This paper aimed to establish the chemical composition of residual powders in a production hall from the automotive industry, to identify the source of release. For this, the infrared spectrometry (FTIR) method, the inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) method, and the x-ray spectrometry (XRF) method were used. Two samples of dust from different locations of the production hall were analyzed, as well as a substance used in the process, to determine whether the dust came from its use. A series of safety data sheets for substances used in the technological process was also analyzed. The results obtained from the qualitative and quantitative determinations were evaluated considering the chemical composition of all substances involved, leading to the identification of the residual dust release source.
Study of photovoltaic systems using modelling and simulation
Authors: Nicola Aurelian , Vitan Cosmin , Aron Cristian , Matei Daniel , Grecea Ionela
Published: July 2021

The article presents mathematical models and simulation programs, made in MATLAB - Simulink, of the main components within photovoltaic system. For the continuous supply of electricity to consumers, in addition to photovoltaic panels are used electric accumulators and static converters, which have the role of converting direct current into alternating current or alternating current into direct current and to monitor and control the charging–discharge batteries process. The assembly consisting of all the elements presented above, interconnected and dimensioned to operate in a single system, is modelled and simulated and the results obtained reflect the limits but especially offers the possibility of choosing the optimal solution for a park of energy production based on solar radiation.
Comparative study regarding the causes of land instability phenomena in the area of the Getic Subcarpathians
Authors: Rada Constantin , Lazăr Maria , Faur Florin , Apostu Izabela-Maria
Published: July 2021

In Romania, as in many other countries of the world, there are areas, more or less extensive, which are naturally prone to landslides. Such an area, with great extension, is represented by the Getic Subcarpathians. In general, this predisposition of the mentioned area to landslides is favored by its geology and hydrogeology, its lithological structure, its morphology, the rainfall regime and to a lesser extent the tectonics of the region. Based on these considerations, in this paper, we have conducted a comparative study aimed at highlighting in a more concrete manner the causes that led to the onset of land instability phenomena recorded in the past 17 years in this area, also taking into account the human activities. For this purpose, we delimited three study areas, corresponding to the counties of Gorj (an area with shutdown mining activities), Vâlcea (area with lignite open-pits in operation) and Argeş (where human actions that can trigger landslides are related to infrastructure constructions, especially by excavation, other constructions, but also deforestation). This approach allows us to draw conclusions about the extent to which human activities amplify the frequency and intensity of land instability phenomena, and which of these activities has the most unfavorable influence.
Fire development study on physical models of transport tunnels
Authors: Lanchava Omar , Ilias Nicolae , Radu Sorin Mihai , Jangidze Marad , Khokerasvili Zaza
Published: July 2021

The work gives the study results for 1:10 scale physical models of the road tunnels. The tunnel slope changes from 0 to 10% with a 2% spacing. As the models show, the fire strength varies within the range of 5 to15 MW with 5 MW increments. The properties of the tunnel geometry in nature are as follows: cross-sectional area: 46.7m2, length: 120 m, width: 8.5m, height: 5.5m and width and height ratio: 1.54. The models are made of 2 mm-thick stainless-steel sheets. We studied the nature of the spread of smoke, the variation of critical velocity depending on the tunnel slope and the characteristic value of such variation - the grade correction factor. The observation over such values is done depending on the air temperature variability in the tunnel model. The measurements are made with K-type thermocouples with open and closed detectors. Maximum temperature measurement is 800°C. The thermocouples are located in the holes provided in the ceiling of the tunnel model. The distance between the holes is 5 and 10 cm what corresponds to the natural length of the tunnel of 5 and 10 m. Fire is modeled by using the natural gas. The indications of thermocouples and air and gas meters are measured simultaneously and the primary analysis and the digital data transmission are provided with a Data Taker DT85 data logger. The gained results may be used to develop ventilation and emergency management projects for transport tunnels as well as to train personnel and rescuers.
Considerations regarding the new requirements for the evaluation of rotating electric machines with increased safety protection type “e”
Authors: Rad Marcel Daniel , Sălăsan Diana , Zsido Sorin
Published: July 2021

The evaluation of explosion-proof electrical equipment for certification is particularly important given the risk of explosion and must be minimized. This in order to ensure the safety of life, health of workers, to prevent damage to goods and the environment when they meet the essential security requirements at European level. Directive 2014/34 / EU states that equipment used in explosive atmospheres must be designed to operate without endangering the environment for which it is intende. This paper proposes the study and evaluation of the requirements for the evaluation of rotating electric machines with increased safety protection type “e”. The rotating electric machines with increased safety protection type “e”, in order to comply with the explosion protection, it must meet certain requirements given by the standard SR-EN 60079-7.
Applications of fuzzy inference systems in mineral industry-an overview
Authors: Galetakis Michael , Vasiliou Anthoula , Steiakakis Emmanuel , Soultana Athanasia , Deligiorgis Vassilios
Published: July 2021

Recent advances in information and artificial intelligence technologies, and more specifically in Fuzzy Logic and Fuzzy Inference Systems (FIS), have provided a new approach in solving many problems related to mineral industry. The aim of the current study is to examine the application of FIS in mineral resources extractive industry by performing a recent literature review (2010-2020) of related studies published in engineering and earth science oriented scientific journals. Firstly the principles of Fuzzy Logic and the operation of FIS are briefly discussed and a descriptive example of a FIS used in mining with bucket wheel excavators is given. Secondly the results from the literature review are presented and the advantages as well as the trends in future development are discussed.
Finite element analysis of an optimized hybrid stiffened plate
Authors: Szirbik Sándor , Virág Zoltán
Published: July 2021

This paper is devoted to the modal analysis and buckling of a stiffened plate with simple supported conditions within the framework of shell theory. The main objective of the finite element analysis is to investigate the natural frequencies of this stiffened structure subjected to uniaxial compression on two opposite edges of the plate. In this study, the numerical analysis is performed for such a design of the stiffed plate which has already been optimized for uniaxial compression, some design variables and the cost of welding, and the objective function to be minimized is defined as the material cost. The various Young’s modulus of the base plate and the stiffeners are given thus assuming that the plate parts (the base plate and ribs) were made of different steel materials.
The companies’ characteristics impact on the performance’s sustainable reporting. Case study on Bucharest Stock Exchange listed companies
Authors: Bogeanu-Popa Maria-Mădălina , Man Mariana
Published: July 2021

The actual economic environment, which is in a continuous dynamic, obligates the economic entities to rethink their periodic performance reporting method. In this context, drafting a report of interest for the stakeholders, which would contain financial as well as non-financial information, becomes a challenge. Integrating the exigencies of the sustainable development of economic, social and environment nature in a sustainable report of performance represents in the long run an indispensable requirement for any stock exchange listed company. This paper aims to analyse three characteristics of the Bucharest Stock Exchange (BSE) listed companies: dimension (ED), rentability (ARR) and company recognition (EER). The control variable (EO) is given by the objectives the company follows. The data in this paper has been collected from annual reports drafted by BSE listed companies on the Regulated Market referring to 2019. The results obtained through econometric research have revealed the fact that the objectives (EO), the dimension (ED) and the company’s rentability (ARR) have a significant impact on the sustainable reporting of their performance.
Active harmonization of higher education bachelor study programme in the area of trade, tourism and services with the labor market dynamics
Authors: Isac Claudia , Dura Codruţa
Published: July 2021

The main purpose of our paper is to highlight the interplay between the demands of the workforce market from Hunedoara County and the competences of graduates from The Economy of Trade, Tourism and Services (ETTS) Bachelor study programme. As far as the methodology of the paper is concerned, we used a qualitative description approach that comprises manifold aspects: the statistical analysis of trade and tourism branches from the V West Region in correlation with the labor market; job opportunities analysis before and after the pandemic; cognitive and behavioral competences achieved by graduates from the ETTS programmeme in order to become well trained specialists in their area of interest. The results of our investigations led us to the following conclusions: the pandemic brought about continuous oscillations in the trade and tourism labor markets in such a way that, having skills in both fields, graduates from the ETTS programmeme could get compensation of the declining trend of available jobs in the hospitality industry by the increase of vacant jobs within the the online commerce; on the other hand, Hunedoara Conty – an area with various types of tourism – mountain, historical, religious tourism etc. – has witnessed an upsurge in the number of tourists in spite of the pandemic.
Issues regarding the impact of the coronavirus pandemic on the labour market
Authors: Niţescu Alina
Published: July 2021

A year has passed since humanity was hit, on all levels, by the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition to the specific health, social, moral, etc. consequences, the pandemic has strongly influenced, perhaps in some segments even irretrievably, the economic sector, causing a new economic crisis that has put pressure on the economies of all states in the world. In this context, the labor market as a whole has recently undergone important changes, which have led to its transformation and the emergence or deepening of vulnerabilities. Thus, the paper aims to capture the main consequences of the pandemic on the labor market, especially on the fragile balance of the labor market in Romania.
The development of environmentally relevant educational activities within innovation parks: the case of Ukraine
Authors: Petrushenko Mykola , Shevchenko Hanna
Published: July 2021

Combining industrial, environmental, social and scientific aspects of sustainable development in the form of innovation parks in emerging economies, inevitably leads either to the short-term functioning of too comprehensive and unviable organizational structures, or to the creation of modern platforms not only for sustainable production, but also for the greening of education. The purpose of the paper is to analyze the possibilities of developing environmentally relevant educational activities within innovation parks, on the example of industrial, scientific and technological parks in Ukraine. The research methodology: the quintuple helix model in analyzing the structure of activities within the innovation parks along the vertical “education – environment”, a comparative analysis of the concepts of Ukrainian industrial parks. The approach developed in the paper to the activation of natural and ecological activities of industrial parks in Ukraine allows identifying the level of formalization of the environmental component in their concepts, as a basis for the development of environmentally relevant education. At the conceptual level, the broad possibilities of this development depend primarily on the sufficient validity of organizational models reflecting the environmental-oriented powers of initiators, management companies and participants. At the practical level, these opportunities are partially realized in Ukrainian science parks.
Blood meal analysis: host-feeding patterns of biting midges (Diptera, Ceratopogonidae, Culicoides Latreille) in Slovakia
Authors: Kasičová Zuzana , Schreiberová Andrea , Kimáková Andrea , Kočišová Alica
Published: July 2021

Biting midges of the genus Culicoides are vectors of important pathogens affecting domestic and wild animals and have played a major role in the re-emergence of new outbreaks of bluetongue (BTV) and Schmallenberg (SBV) viruses in Europe. To determine vector-host specificity, trophic preference from blood meal analysis is of major importance in the surveillance of arthropod-borne diseases. Of 28,752 specimens collected, we identified 17 Culicoides species and investigated a total of 48 host sequences from the blood meals. Culicoides obsoletus/C. scoticus, C. dewulfi, C. pulicaris, C. lupicaris, C. punctatus, C. newsteadi, C. riethi, and C. furcillatus were found to feed on mammals (cattle, horses, and humans), birds (domestic chickens), small rodents (Apodemus flavicollis), and hares (Lepus europaeus). To our knowledge, this is the first study investigating trophic preferences of Culicoides spp. in Slovakia. This study demonstrated that Culicoides species are able to feed on domesticated host vertebrates as well as birds, rodents, and humans.