bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Medical Recordkeeping in an Occupational Health Setting
Authors: Thompson Margaret C.
Published: March 2019

Managing the complexity of medical recordkeeping in an occupational health setting has been compared to navigating a shadowy maze. Successful navigation requires knowledge-based clarity and direction. This article provides an overview of regulatory requirements related to medical recordkeeping in occupational health settings and highlights key medical record legislation and relevant practice standards. It discusses the importance of facility policies and procedures to recordkeeping compliance and identifies critical elements of these policies and procedures. The article identifies the range of documents included in medical recordkeeping in an occupational health setting, the primary determinants of the content, maintenance, and retention of medical records, and the medical recordkeeping tools and resources available to occupational health nurses. It provides answers to many frequently asked questions regarding recordkeeping.
FVIII expression by its native promoter sustains long-term correction avoiding immune response in hemophilic mice
Authors: Merlin Simone , Famà Rosella , Borroni Ester , Zanolini Diego , Bruscaggin Valentina , Zucchelli Silvia , Follenzi Antonia
Published: March 2019

Here we describe a successful gene therapy approach for hemophilia A (HA), using the natural F8 promoter (pF8) to direct gene replacement to factor VIII (FVIII)–secreting cells. The promoter sequence and the regulatory elements involved in the modulation of F8 expression are still poorly characterized and biased by the historical assumption that FVIII expression is mainly in hepatocytes. Bioinformatic analyses have highlighted an underestimated complexity in gene expression at this locus, suggesting an activation of pF8 in more cell types than those previously expected. C57Bl/6 mice injected with a lentiviral vector expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP) under the pF8 (lentiviral vector [LV].pF8.GFP) confirm the predominant GFP expression in liver sinusoidal endothelial cells, with a few positive cells detectable also in hematopoietic organs. Therapeutic gene delivery (LV.pF8.FVIII) in hemophilic C57/Bl6 and 129-Bl6 mice successfully corrected the bleeding phenotype, rescuing up to 25% FVIII activity, using a codon-optimized FVIII, with sustained activity for the duration of the experiment (1 year) without inhibitor formation. Of note, LV.pF8.FVIII delivery in FVIII-immunized HA mice resulted in the complete reversion of the inhibitor titer with the recovery of therapeutic FVIII activity. Depletion of regulatory T cells (Tregs) in LV-treated mice allowed the formation of anti-FVIII antibodies, indicating a role for Tregs in immune tolerance induction. The significant blood loss reduction observed in all LV.pF8.FVIII-treated mice 1 year after injection confirmed the achievement of a long-term phenotypic correction. Altogether, our results highlight the potency of pF8-driven transgene expression to correct the bleeding phenotype in HA, as well as potentially in other diseases in which an endothelial-specific expression is required.
Perioperatively Acquired Weakness
Authors: Lachmann Gunnar , Mörgeli Rudolf , Kuenz Sophia , Piper Sophie K. , Spies Claudia , Kurpanik Maryam , Weber-Carstens Steffen , Wollersheim Tobias
Published: March 2019

BACKGROUND:

Skeletal muscle failure in critical illness (intensive care unit-acquired weakness) is a well-known complication developing early during intensive care unit stay. However, muscle weakness during the perioperative setting has not yet been investigated.

METHODS:

We performed a subgroup investigation of a prospective observational trial to investigate perioperative muscle weakness. Eighty-nine patients aged 65 years or older were assessed for handgrip strength preoperatively, on the first postoperative day, at intensive care unit discharge, at hospital discharge, and at 3-month follow-up. Functional status was evaluated perioperatively via Barthel index, instrumental activities of daily living, Timed Up and Go test, and functional independence measure. After exclusion of patients with intensive care unit-acquired weakness or intensive care unit stay of ≥72 hours, 59 patients were included into our analyses. Of these, 14 patients had additional pulmonary function tests preoperatively and on postoperative day 1. Blood glucose was measured intraoperatively every 20 minutes.

RESULTS:

Handgrip strength significantly decreased after surgery on postoperative day 1 by 16.4% (P < .001). Postoperative pulmonary function significantly decreased by 13.1% for vital capacity (P = .022) and 12.6% for forced expiratory volume in 1 second (P = .001) on postoperative day 1. Handgrip strength remained significantly reduced at hospital discharge (P = .016) and at the 3-month follow-up (P = .012). Perioperative glucose levels showed no statistically significant impact on muscle weakness. Instrumental activities of daily living (P < .001) and functional independence measure (P < .001) were decreased at hospital discharge, while instrumental activities of daily living remained decreased at the 3-month follow-up (P = .026) compared to preoperative assessments.

CONCLUSIONS:

Perioperatively acquired weakness occurred, indicated by a postoperatively decreased handgrip strength, decreased respiratory muscle function, and impaired functional status, which partly remained up to 3 months.
Sport-related Concussion Clinical Profiles: Clinical Characteristics, Targeted Treatments, and Preliminary Evidence
Authors: Kontos Anthony P. , Sufrinko Alicia , Sandel Natalie , Emami Kouros , Collins Michael W.
Published: March 2019

Sport-related concussion (SRC) is a heterogeneous injury that involves varied symptoms and impairment that presents a significant clinical challenge to sports medicine professionals. In response to this challenge, clinical researchers have proposed clinical profiles or subtype models for assessing and treating athletes with SRC. One such model emphasizes five concussion clinical profiles including cognitive/fatigue, vestibular, ocular, migraine, and anxiety/mood. Sleep is a common modifier that co-occurs across these clinical profiles. A combination of medical history, risk factors, injury information, clinical characteristics, and assessment outcomes can inform each clinical profile. Preliminary data involving 236 patients from a concussion specialty clinic indicate that the migraine (26%) and anxiety/mood (24%) profiles are the most common, with vestibular and ocular profiles combined representing more than one third (35%) of clinical profiles. Findings also support several relationships among different clinical profiles including vestibular and migraine, suggesting that many athletes present with multiple clinical profiles. Targeted, active treatments for each profile are discussed.
Shared Decision Making for Athletes with Cardiovascular Disease: Practical Considerations
Authors: Baggish Aaron L. , Ackerman Michael J. , Putukian Margot , Lampert Rachel
Published: March 2019

The diagnosis and management of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in competitive athletes represent a fundamental responsibility of the sports medicine community. Following the diagnosis of a CVD in a competitive athlete, it is the responsibility of the sports medicine team to delineate an effective treatment and management strategy that places the health and wellness of the athlete as the primary objective. An essential and often challenging aspect of this process is determining the appropriateness of continued participation (i.e., “return-to-play”) in competitive athletics. Recently, a joint American Heart Association and American College of Cardiology Scientific Statement delineating sports eligibility supports a more patient-centered care model that supports shared decision making for clinicians and their patients/families. The present document was written to summarize the changing sports cardiology landscape with an aim of providing the cardiology and sports medicine communities with some practical approaches to eligibility decision making for competitive athletes with heart disease.
Hyperspectral microscope imaging methods for multiplex detection of Campylobacter
Authors: Park Bosoon , Eady Matthew , Oakley Brian , Yoon Seung-Chul , Lawrence Kurt , Gamble Gary
Published: March 2019

Campylobacter is an emerging zoonotic bacterial threat in the poultry industry. The current methods for the isolation
and detection of Campylobacter are culture-based techniques with several selective agars designed to isolate
Campylobacter colonies, which is time-consuming, labour intensive and has low sensitivity. Several immunological and
molecular techniques such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Latex agglutination are commercially
available for the detection and identification of Campylobacter. However, these methods demand more advanced
instruments as well as specially trained experts. A hyperspectral microscope imaging (HMI) technique with the
fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) technique has the potential for multiplex foodborne pathogen detection. Using
Alexa488 and Cy3 fluorophores, the HMI (450–800 nm) technique was able to identify Campylobacter jejuni stains with
high sensitivity and specificity. In addition, HMI was able to classify six bacteria using scattering intensity from their
spectra without a FISH fluorophore. Overall classification accuracy of quadratic discriminant analysis (QDA) method for
six bacteria including Bifidobacter longum, Campylobacter jejuni, Clostridium perfringens, Enterobacter cloacae,
Lactobacillus salivarius and Shigella flexneri using the HMI technique without fluorescent markers was approximately 88.6
% with pixel-wise classification.
USE OF SELECTION INDICES IN BREEDING WORK
Authors: Ефимов Игорь , Efimov Igor' , Усова Татьяна , Usova Tatiana , Юдина Ольга , Yudina Olga
Published: March 2019

The aim of the study is to develop an effective selective index adapted to the conditions of the country, taking into account the national priorities of consumption of livestock products. Selection indices, which are widely used in de-veloped countries with high scientific and production potential in the field of animal husbandry, have been ana-lyzed. They can be divided into three groups. The first group includes five countries where a simplified version of the calculation of selective indices is used. The second group includes nine countries, which are rather complex for on-line analysis of the selection indices. The third group included countries in the breeding work of which com-bined breeding indices are used. The rating of the most valuable bulls of the Federal state unitary enterprise «Mos-kovskoye» on breeding work made with application of the most widespread selection indexes is given. Selection indices, with the similarity of the methods of their calculation, need some adjustment to be used in our country. A selection index is developed and presented under the name UI (combined index). The developed index UI in 83% of cases coincides with the index ASI (Australia), in the remaining 17% of cases the difference does not exceed 0.5 rank. With the index PIN (England) differences are more significant, in 34% of cases there is a complete coinci-dence of estimates, in
50% – the differences are only 1 rank and only in one case the discrepancy is significant enough. The index of INET (the most frequently used by breeders in Europe) coincides with the evaluation of breeding value of animals in 100% of cases. The new index is supposed to be used in the work with dairy breeds.
DYNAMICS OF THE QUALITY OF COW COLOSTRUM DEPENDING ON THE TIME OF THE FIRST MILKING AFTER CALVING
Authors: Бакаева Лариса , Bakayeva Larisa , Карамаев Сергей , Karamaev Sergey , Карамаева Анна , Karamayeva Anna
Published: March 2019

The aim of the study is to increase the viability of newborn calves and the quality conditions for young-stock breed-ing. Dairy and combined breeds zoned in a climatic area of Central Volga and South Ural were studied. Four ex-perimental groups contained down-calving cows were established: the first group- black and white, the II group – Bestuzhev, III group – Holstein, IV group – Aurshire breeds. After calving the first milking in subgroups was carried out in 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180 min., taking the selected average samples of a colostrum for the analysis. It was es-tablished that the first yield colostrum from different breeds selected considerably differs, especially for protein con-tent and its fractions. The Bestuzhev breed surpassed the analogs, respectively by 6.1; 6.6; 0.7%. There is a de-crease of protein portion with time increase to the first milking. The difference amounted to 0.9; 2.6; 0.8; 2.1% in 120 min. in regard to different breeds and in 180 min. – 2.4; 5.2; 2.3; 4.8%. In 180 min in regard to the breed groups es-tablished. Immunoglobulins which form kolostral immunity for calves are very important component among protein fractions. It is established that depending on time of the first milking their content decreases even more considera-bly.
In 120 min. after calving the content of immunoglobulins in a colostrum of cows decreased, respectively by 5.2; 12.9; 7.0; 9.7%, and in 180 min. – on 11.1; 28.9; 14.3; 27.0%. At the same time the quality of Aurshire breed colos-trum approached to the lowest point of physiological norm, black and white – was recognized as incomplete, and Holstein breed – was considered unsuitable for newborns at all.
ANALYTICAL DESCRIPTION OF THE MIXER PERFORMANCE FOR BULK MATERIALS WITH SCREW BLADES
Authors: Борисова Марина , Borisova Marina , Новиков Владимир , Novikov Vladimir , Коновалов Владимир , Konovalov Vladimir
Published: March 2019

The aim of the study is to reduce the energy consumption of the blade mixer for bulk materials in regard to its de-sign parameters. Preparation of feed mixtures is carried out mainly by mixers of various designs, as well as extrud-ers and other auger equipment. Widespread horizontal mixers with blades mounted on a rotating shaft are wide-spread and used. They are distinguished by the ability to achieve the necessary smooth mixture within short oper-ating time. The main purpose of the proposed mixer is the preparation of dry mixtures of bulk feed components. The intended use of the mixer is the preparation of concentrated animal feed n agricultural production. In Samara SAA, the design of the blade mixer with screw blades was developed based on the literature review and analysis of the technological process of mixers. The mixer consists of a body with a horizontal shaft with radial trapezoidal screw blades. The proposed blades allow to direct forces in such a way that the total (resulting) projection of the resistant force of the material along the shaft will tend to zero due to the changing angle of the profile and width of the blades. At the same time, an axial force will be created at the edge of the blade at a certain radius, which facili-tates to unload mixer through the discharge opening. The expressions of specific energy consumption for mixing, as well as the work duration of the mixer cycle are given. An expression allowing estimation of an average flow rate of bulk material from the discharge opening of the mixer is obtained. It is established that the position of the gate regulating the area of the discharge opening can affect the volume of the portion simultaneously processed by the mixer, filling volume of mixer and the quality of the mixture.
Editorial
Authors: Dudek Dominika , Sobański Jerzy , Klasa Katarzyna
Published: March 2019

brak streszczenia
An open letter to the Readers of "Polish Psychiatry"
Authors: Gierowski Józef , Heitzman Janusz
Published: March 2019

bez streszczenia
Cyberchondria and its measurement. The Polish adaptation and psychometric properties of the Cyberchondria Severity Scale CSS-PL
Authors: Bajcar Beata , Babiak Jolanta , Olchowska-Kotala Agnieszka
Published: March 2019

Cel pracy

Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie procesu adaptacji testu do pomiaru cyberchondrii (Cyberchondria Severity Scale, CSS) do warunków polskich, jak i weryfikacja wybranych miar rzetelności narzędzia i trafności teoretycznej testu.

Metoda

Uczestnikami badania było 380 osób (203 kobiet i 177 mężczyzn) w wieku od 19 do 68 lat, (M = 26,5; SD = 11,1). Do badania wykorzystano CSS-PL do pomiaru cyberchondrii, Kwestionariusz Lęku o Zdrowie (SHAI) do pomiaru hipochondrii i Skalę Wymiarów Obsesyjno-Kompulsywnych (DOCS) do weryfikacji natężenia skłonności obsesyjno-kompulsywnych.

Wyniki

Badanie potwierdziło czteroczynnikową strukturę cyberchondrii mierzonej skalą CSS-PL. Wskaźniki spójności wewnętrznej podskal CSS-PL uzyskały poziom: 0,87–0,95; a stabilności bezwzględnej: 0,58–0,76. Badanie wykazało trafność teoretyczną skali CSS-PL w kontekście związków cyberchondrii z lękiem o zdrowie (r = 0,31–0,56) i objawami obsesyjno-kompulsywnymi (r = 0,17–0,48).

Wnioski

Skala CSS-PL jest wstępną wystandaryzowaną wersją narzędzia do pomiaru cyberchondrii i spełnia kryteria psychometryczne w zakresie rzetelności i trafności testów psychologicznych. CSS-PL może być użytecznym narzędziem wykorzystywanym zarówno w badaniach diagnostycznych, jak i badaniach naukowych.
Cognitive functions in Internet addiction – a review
Authors: Cudo Andrzej , Zabielska-Mendyk Emilia
Published: March 2019

Internet jest powszechnie dostępny i użytkowany przez osoby z różnych grup wiekowych ze względu na jego przydatność w pracy, nauce i rozrywce. Możliwe jest jednak także nadmierne korzystanie z Internetu, które niekiedy przeradza się w uzależnienie. Zjawisko to należy do grupy tak zwanych uzależnień behawioralnych, dopiero od niedawna opisywanych w literaturze naukowej. Jest zatem istotne aby zróżnicować, kiedy korzystanie z Internetu jest normą, a kiedy wykracza poza nią. W artykule przedstawione zostaną dane na temat rozpowszechnienia zjawiska uzależnienia od Internetu, jego modele teoretyczne oraz możliwości identyfikacji na podstawie kryteriów diagnostycznych proponowanych przez naukowców. Głównym celem artykułu jest omówienie funkcjonowania poznawczego w tym rodzaju uzależnienia. Do tej pory badacze odnosili je do sfery osobowościowej, społecznej i emocjonalnej. Wydaje się jednak, że istotną rolę w wyjaśnieniu mechanizmu uzależnienia od Internetu pełnią procesy poznawcze, a szczególnie kontrola poznawcza i funkcje wykonawcze. Ponadto poznanie tych mechanizmów przyczyniać może się do opracowania bardziej adekwatnych form tak w zakresie profilaktyki, jak również terapii.
Procedural and material aspects of the protection of the rights of a person subject to proceedings for legal incapacitation – Part I
Authors: Manowska Małgorzata , Gałecki Piotr
Published: March 2019

Celem i skutkiem postępowania o ubezwłasnowolnienie ma być zapewnienie jak najszerszej integracji społecznej i jak najszerszej autonomii osobie ubezwłasnowolnionej. Postępowanie to powinno zapewniać osobie niepełnosprawnej pełne gwarancje procesowe umożliwiające rzetelne rozpoznanie sprawy i wydanie słusznego rozstrzygnięcia nie tylko
w przedmiocie ubezwłasnowolnienia, ale również w przedmiocie jego uchylenia lub zmiany jego rodzaju.
W pierwszej części pracy przedstawiliśmy zagadnienie ubezwłasnowolnienia, odpowiedzieliśmy na pytania o to, kto może wszcząć postępowanie o ubezwłasnowolnienie
i kto może być jego uczestnikiem. Udzieliliśmy także odpowiedzi na pytanie, czy wystawienie zaświadczenia o stanie zdrowia jest koniecznością oraz zaprezentowaliśmy aspekt procesowy ochrony praw osoby, wobec której toczy się postępowanie
o ubezwłasnowolnienie.
W części drugiej artykułu zawarliśmy charakterystykę instytucji doradcy tymczasowego
i kuratora procesowego, a także zaprezentowaliśmy aspekt materialny ochrony praw osoby, wobec której toczy się postępowanie o ubezwłasnowolnienie.
Procedural and material aspects of the protection of the rights of a person subject to proceedings for legal incapacitation – Part II
Authors: Manowska Małgorzata , Gałecki Piotr
Published: March 2019

Celem i skutkiem postępowania o ubezwłasnowolnienie ma być zapewnienie jak najszerszej integracji społecznej i jak najszerszej autonomii osobie ubezwłasnowolnionej. Postępowanie to powinno zapewniać osobie niepełnosprawnej pełne gwarancje procesowe umożliwiające rzetelne rozpoznanie sprawy i wydanie słusznego rozstrzygnięcia nie tylko w przedmiocie ubezwłasnowolnienia, ale również w przedmiocie jego uchylenia lub zmiany jego rodzaju.
W pierwszej części pracy przedstawiliśmy zagadnienie ubezwłasnowolnienia, odpowiedzieliśmy na pytania o to, kto może wszcząć postępowanie o ubezwłasnowolnienie i kto może być jego uczestnikiem. Udzieliliśmy także odpowiedzi na pytanie, czy wystawienie zaświadczenia o stanie zdrowia jest koniecznością oraz zaprezentowaliśmy aspekt procesowy ochrony praw osoby, wobec której toczy się postępowanie o ubezwłasnowolnienie.
W części drugiej artykułu zawarliśmy charakterystykę instytucji doradcy tymczasowego
i kuratora procesowego, a także zaprezentowaliśmy aspekt materialny ochrony praw osoby, wobec której toczy się postępowanie o ubezwłasnowolnienie.
Letter to Editor. Thromboembolic complications in psychiatry from the perspective of legal claims
Authors: Skowronek Rafał , Krzystanek Marek , Chudek Jerzy
Published: March 2019

bez streszczenia
Adverse childhood experiences: Adopting a trauma-informed approach to school nursing practice
Authors: White Sharon
Published: March 2019

In England, there has been a substantial drop in school nursing numbers, from 2915 full time equivalent (FTE) nurses working in school nursing in Sept 2009 (1135 of whom were qualified school nurses) to 2205 (FTE) nurses working in school nursing in November 2018 (1020 of whom were qualified school nurses) (NHS Digital, 2019).
Social media: A legal framework is needed to protect children
Authors: Burrows Andy
Published: March 2019

Andy Burrows, associate head of child safety online at the NSPCC shares why it is vital that an end is put to the ‘Wild West Web’.
Establishing Modularized Environmental Measurements and Analyzing and Applying Environmental Information for a Windowless Broiler House in Taiwan
Authors: Li Yueh-Jung , Hsieh Kuang-Wen , Chen Suming , Lei Perng-Kwei
Published: March 2019

Abstract. The purpose of this study was to apply wireless sensor modules to measure the environmental conditions in a windowless broiler house. An environmental index monitoring system was established that automatically estimated the temperature-humidity index (THI) and temperature-humidity-velocity index (THVI) according to the collected database. Finally, prediction of the relationships between the THI or THVI and the feed conversion rate (FCR) was studied. Nine sets of temperature, relative humidity, and wind velocity sensors were used for measuring the inside environment. An additional set was located outside the broiler house. The environmental database used this system of wireless sensors for collecting environmental information, quantifying the environmental indices, and establishing a warning system. The system automatically estimated the THI and THVI according to the database and presented the results in a user interface. Two areas of the broiler house were arranged for daily measurement of feed consumption and individual weight of the broilers for two experiments. These data were applied to calculate the daily weight gain and FCR. The first experiment was conducted from 9 September to 9 October (from summer to autumn) in 2016, and the second experiment was conducted from 3 November to 9 December (from autumn to winter) in 2016. During the experiments, there were no errors in the messages sent by the environmental database and warning system. These results serve as important references for predicting the FCR as well as the THI and THVI. The THVI of the first experiment and the THI of the second experiment predicted the FCR with a good relationship. The results show that the indoor and outdoor THI values could be higher than the standard values. In the FCR statistical analysis, the FCR of the second experiment was lower than the FCR of the first experiment, and they were both lower than the criterion FCR. This implies that opportunities exist for improving the broiler house environment in this subtropical climate. The results of this study could become an important reference for predicting the FCR with the THI and THVI. Finally, prediction of the relationships between the THI or THVI and the FCR were conducted. The results of the second experiment (R2 = 0.8327) were significantly better than the results of the first experiment (R2 = 0.5184). Keywords: Broiler, Feed conversion rate, Temperature-humidity index, Temperature-humidity-velocity index, Warning system, Wireless sensor module.
Should basic payment accounts be extended?
Authors: Prabhakar Rajiv
Published: March 2019

Reducing the ‘unbanked’ is an important part of financial inclusion. For its supporters, access to a bank account is important for reducing the costs faced by those locked out of mainstream banking. Critics worry that financial inclusion ultimately shifts people from the security of the welfare state to the insecurity of financial markets. This paper argues that reducing the unbanked can contribute to both individual empowerment and subjection. Much depends upon how such policies are devised.
‘We’re more than just pins and dolls and seeing the future in chicken parts’: Race, magic and religion in American Horror Story: Coven
Authors: O’Reilly Jennifer
Published: March 2019

This article will examine intersecting representations of race, magic and religion in American Horror Story: Coven. Coven traces the presence of witchcraft and voodoo in New Orleans from the nineteenth century to the present day. The season presents two conflicting and racially divided modes of magic: the predominantly white coven who are descendants of the Salem witches and the African American voodooists, led by the most infamous voodoo queen in the United States, Marie Laveau. These two sects are sworn enemies who have competed for power in the city since the coven first arrived in New Orleans. Following a truce between the two groups, the city was divided and white and black spaces were created in which the two groups could practice their magic separately. This article will discuss the way in which Coven presents magic in the city as racially and physically segregated and will pay particular attention to the depiction of African American magical practices. This article will interrogate the ways in which Coven echoes historical accounts of Marie Laveau and how it presents the nature and function of voodoo in New Orleans. It will question in what ways Coven conforms to and deviates from established voodoo tropes, arguing that in some ways Coven perpetuates pejorative impressions of voodoo whilst disrupting others. It will argue that, through Murphy and Falchuk’s depiction of ceremonies, rituals and the voodoo deity Papa Legba, Coven sensationalizes voodoo and presents its practices as spectacle. It proposes that this contemporary image of voodoo is part of a cultural tradition established through nineteenth and twentieth century treatments of African American magic that includes depictions of black culture based on the tradition of blackface minstrelsy, Harlem Renaissance recoveries of folk traditions and popular ethnographies of the city. It will suggest that in a similar way to these historical representations, Coven draws on racialized stereotypes of the primitive and the savage to present voodoo as dark and dangerous. Yet, primarily through the figure of Marie Laveau, it will also argue that Murphy and Falchuk depict voodoo as a symbol of resistance to racialized and gendered violence and oppression, and that in many ways Coven grants agency to voodoo women. Using voodoo as a lens, this paper will address broader debates around intersecting hierarchies of race and religion, the representation of race and the visibility of black culture in America.
White coat, white alb, white mic: Institutions of truth in America in American Horror Story: Asylum
Authors: Sakal-Froese Jocelyn , Fawcett Christina
Published: March 2019

When Lana Winters of American Horror Story: Asylum releases footage of inhumane conditions at Briarcliff, she does so without the consent of those depicted. Her reliance on the suffering at Briarcliff to forward her own goals echoes two other key figures in Asylum: Dr Arden and Monsignor Howard. Arden’s advocacy of medical science and its potential to save humanity seem in sharp contrast to his horrific experimentation on what he sees as bare, wasted life. His position as fictional character with past experience as a Nazi doctor grounds his actions in a nexus of hyperreality and banality. Monsignor Howard believes himself a paragon of the church, whose obsessive ambitions towards Rome contrast his murderous, lustful and corrupt behaviours. He is not only complicit in Arden’s experimentation, but he takes life himself; yet, as he moves to New York as Cardinal, he looks past those abominations to focus on the greater good of the institution. In an echo of that wilful blindness, Lana is capable of looking away from the suffering of the very people she takes as an object. What makes Lana ever so slightly different from the others is her movement through the category of bare life (Agamben 1995: various) and her subsequent refusal of a ‘futurism that’s always purchased at [the] expense’ of the marginal (Edelman 2005: 4). The social institutions that the characters operate within allow and encourage their sociopathy (Asma 2009: 244–45). The danger of the institution is its capacity for creating and concealing monstrosity.
‘It’s a filthy goddamn helpless world’: Reimagining Columbine, Tate Langdon and the spectre of school shooters
Authors: McMurdo Shellie
Published: March 2019

You cannot watch the opening sequence of ‘Piggy Piggy’ without recalling the Columbine High School massacre of 1999, and it is these similarities that caused many media outlets to state that the series, already known for transgressive depictions of rape and murder, had ‘gone too far’. This article compares the fictional West Field High shooting with media reports of the Columbine shooting, and examines how the series reimagines the massacre – in keeping with American Horror Story’s (2011–2018) blending of the horror genre with real-life events in American history. By exploring stylistic and narrative choices made in Murder House, this article demonstrates how Tate Langdon is aligned to the perpetrators of Columbine, allowing Tate to occupy an intriguing space at the juncture between real-life trauma and fictional representation. This article details Tate Langdon’s subsequent adoption into the True Crime Community on Tumblr.com, where he often appears alongside the Columbine killers in fan products. Through an interrogation of how Tate is seen as an archetypal ‘twisted dream boy’, this article makes a connection between the depiction of Tate, the spectre of Columbine that is evoked within American Horror Story: Murder House and the under-researched area of the serial killer fandom.
Book Reviews
Authors: Burns Adam , Loranger Carol S. , Taveira Rodney , Toon Wendy
Published: March 2019

The History of United States Cultural Diplomacy: 1770 to the Present day, Michael L. Krenn (2017) London: Bloomsbury, 216 pp., ISBN 13 978-1-47251-001-3, p/bk, £21.99

Bitter Tastes: Literary Naturalism and Early Cinema in American Women’s Writing, Donna Campbell (2016) Athens: University of Georgia Press, xiv, 386 pp., ISBN-13 978-0-82035-468-2, h/bk, $64.95, p/bk $34.95

The Beauty of a Social Problem: Photography, Autonomy, Economy, Walter Benn Michaels (2015) Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 240 pp., ISBN: 978-0-22642-118-6, p/bk, $24.00

The Good Occupation: American Soldiers and the Hazards of Peace, Susan L. Carruthers (2016) Cambridge, MA and London: Harvard University Press, 386 pp., ISBN 978-0-67454-570-0, h/bk, £21.95
‘Are we punks? – Yes, we drink!’: The politics of drinking in a youth subculture
Authors: Gololobov Ivan , Garifzyanova Al’bina
Published: March 2019

This article investigates the role of excessive drinking in a subcultural scene of Russian punk. Based on an extensive long-term field research, our work demonstrates that the loss of identity and withdrawal from the projects of social identification, usually associated with excessive consumption of alcohol, might not explain The article suggests that in certain situations drinking, disgrace, alcoholic exploits and ‘heroic incompetency’ surrounding the consumption of alcohol cause the opposite effect, through which individuals do not dissolve their identity, but rather construct alternative agency recognized and enacted within a subcultural collective. On the basis of the observations of drinking practices in three geographically defined Russian punk scenes and reflections on these practices produced by the members of the scenes, we conclude that excessive drinking can be seen as a specific response through which members of the subcultural groups construct alternative agencies and reclaim their political subjectivity.
See no colour, hear no colour, speak no colour: Problematizing colourblindness in Los Angeles punk historiography
Authors: Davila Richard Cruz
Published: March 2019

This article considers the collision of recent attempts to historicize punk’s complicated relationship to race with the personal investments of those ‘who were there’. In recent years, a narrative has taken hold in academic studies and museum exhibitions in which a predominantly Chicana/o punk scene coalesced in East Los Angeles, California, in the late-1970s directly in response to a supposedly closedoff Hollywood punk scene. In turn, participants in the Hollywood scene have taken umbrage at a narrative that they feel unfairly paints their scene as racist, in contrast to their own understandings of the scene as largely egalitarian. In defending their scene – and, crucially, their own legacies – against these supposedly unwarranted accusations, participants such as Brendan Mullen (1949–2009), proprietor of foundational Hollywood punk venue, the Masque, and Alice Bag, lead singer of influential band, the Bags, have employed a rhetoric of colourblindness that equates any discussion of race and racial inequality with actual racism, and that treats racism as primarily an individual character flaw rather than a systemic force. Thus, I argue, in their desire to control the history of the Hollywood punk scene, scene members such as Bag and Mullen, by attempting to discredit those whose remembrances of Los Angeles punk history clash with their own, obfuscate efforts to present a more nuanced understanding of the roles of race and racism within this history.
Diverticulosis, Symptoms and Colonic Inflammation: A Population-Based Colonoscopy Study
Authors: Järbrink-Sehgal Maria Ellionore , Rassam Loui , Jasim Aws , Walker Marjorie M. , Talley Nicholas J. , Agréus Lars , Andreasson Anna , Schmidt Peter T.
Published: March 2019

INTRODUCTION:

Low-grade chronic inflammation has been suggested to play a role in uncomplicated asymptomatic and symptomatic diverticular disease. However, population-based studies are lacking. We investigated whether community participants with diverticulosis, with or without symptoms, would have colonic inflammation on histology and serology.

METHODS:

In a nested case–control study of 254 participants from the population-based colonoscopy (PopCol) study, colonic histological inflammatory markers and serological C-reactive protein levels were analyzed in cases with diverticulosis and controls without diverticulosis. Statistical methods included logistic and linear regression models.

RESULTS:

Background variables including age (P = 0.92), sex (P = 1.00), body mass index (P = 0.71), smoking (P = 0.34), and recent antibiotic exposure (P = 0.68) were similar between cases and controls. Cases reported more abdominal pain (P = 0.04) and diarrhea symptoms (mushy and high-frequency stools) than controls (P = 0.01 and P = 0.03, respectively) but were otherwise similar. The median C-reactive protein levels were similar among cases and controls [1.05 mg/L (0.3, 2.7) vs 0.8 (0.4, 2.2), P = 0.53]. There was a trend of increased numbers of cecal lymphoid aggregates in cases vs controls (P = 0.07), but no other associations between diverticulosis and inflammatory markers on histology were found. Similarly, no serological or mucosal inflammation was associated with symptomatic cases of diarrhea or abdominal pain vs asymptomatic controls.

CONCLUSIONS:

In a general community sample, both asymptomatic and symptomatic diverticulosis are not associated with colonic mucosal inflammation. Other explanations for symptomatic colonic diverticulosis need to be identified.
Continuing Medical Education Questions: March 2019
Authors: Moawad Fouad J.
Published: March 2019

Article Title: Revisiting Montreal: New Insights Into Symptoms and Their Causes, and Implications for the Future of GERD
Continuing Medical Education Questions: March 2019
Authors: Veerappan Ganesh R.
Published: March 2019

To receive CME/MOC credit for this activity, please go to: http://acgjournalcme.gi.org/

Article Title: ACG Clinical Guideline: Ulcerative Colitis in Adults
Blocked by a Ring: A Case of Gastric Linitis Plastica Presenting as Large Bowel Obstruction Secondary to Rectal Stenosis
Authors: Tariq Tooba , Turk Aijaz , Reaume Michael , Muddasani Anushareddy , Parmar Mridul
Published: March 2019

Metastatic gut lesions from primary gastric carcinoma occur via hematogenous, lymphatic, or peritoneal seeding. We report an unusual case of large bowel obstruction secondary to rectal stenosis due to metastatic signet ring cell gastric cancer. A 61-year-old woman with a history of 8 weeks' duration of alternation in bowel movements presented with symptoms of bowel obstruction. Computed tomography revealed rectal wall thickening, and sigmoidoscopy demonstrated edematous and fibrotic rectal mucosa. Superficial biopsies were negative for malignant disease. Because of worsening of obstructive symptoms, an emergent surgical diversion was performed. Surgical biopsies were consistent with poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. Gastroscopy established diagnosis of gastric adenocarcinoma with signet ring type cells. Rectal stenosis on examination and demonstration of rectal wall thickening on imaging should raise suspicion for Schnitzler's metastasis, and an upper endoscopy should be performed.
MATHEMATICAL ALGORITHM OF FUZZY LOGIC CONTROLLER FOR MULTILEVEL INVERTER CREATING VERTICAL DIVIDED VOLTAGE
Authors: Can Erol
Published: March 2019

A 9-level inverter with a boost converter has been controlled with a fuzzy logic controller and a PID controller for regulating output voltage applications on resistive (R) and inductive (L), capacitance (C). The mathematical model of this system is created according to the fuzzy logic controlling new high multilevel inverter with a boost converter. The DC-DC boost converter and the multi-level inverter are designed and explained, when creating a mathematical model after a linear pulse width modulation (LPWM), it is preferred to operate the boost multi-level inverter. The fuzzy logic control and the PID control are used to manage the LPWM that allows the switches to operate. The fuzzy logic algorithm is presented by giving necessary mathematical equations that have second-degree differential equations for the fuzzy logic controller. After that, the fuzzy logic controller is set up in the 9-level inverter. The proposed model runs on different membership positions of the triangles at the fuzzy logic controller after testing the PID controller. After the output voltage of the converter, the output voltage of the inverter and the output current of the inverter are observed at the MATLAB SIMULINK, the obtained results are analysed and compared. The results show the demanded performance of the inverter and approve the contribution of the fuzzy logic control on multi-level inverter circuits.
LOW LEAKAGE CHARGE RECYCLING TECHNIQUE FOR POWER MINIMIZATION IN CNTFET CIRCUITS
Authors: Kavitha Manickam , Kalpana Alagar M.
Published: March 2019

Carbon Nanotube Field Effect Transistor (CNTFET) is one of the most promising candidates in the near future for digital design due to its better electrostatics and higher mobility characteristics. Parameters that determine the CNTFET performance are the number of tubes, pitch, diameter and oxide thickness. In this paper, a power gating design methodology to realise low power CNTFET digital circuits even under device parameter changes is presented. Investigation about the effect of different CNTFET parameters on dynamic and standby power is carried out. Simulation results reveal that the power gated circuits suppress a maximum of about 67% dynamic power and 59% standby power compared to conventional circuits.
OPTIMIZATION OF BIODIESEL PRODUCTION FROM WASTE FRYING OIL OVER ALUMINA SUPPORTED CHICKEN EGGSHELL CATALYST USING EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN TOOL
Authors: Yusuff Adeyinka S. , Popoola Lekan T.
Published: March 2019

An optimization of the biodiesel production from a waste frying oil via a heterogeneous transesterification was studied. This present study is also aimed at investigating the catalytic ehaviour of the alumina supported eggshell (ASE) for the synthesis of biodiesel. A synthesized ASE catalyst, at various mixing ratios of alumina to eggshell, was investigated and exhibited a better activity for the reaction when the eggshell and alumina were mixed via incipient wetness impregnation in 2 : 1 proportion on a mass basis and calcined at 900 °C for 4 h. The as-synthesized catalyst was characterized by basicity, BET, SEM, EDX, and FTIR. The 2k factorial experimental design was employed for an optimization of process variables, which include catalyst loading, reaction time, methanol/oil molar ratio and reaction temperature and their effects on the biodiesel yield were studied. The optimization results showed that the reaction time has the highest percentage contribution of 40.139% while the catalyst loading contributes the least to the biodiesel production, as low as 1.233 %. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed a high correlation coefficient (R2 = 0.9492) and the interaction between the reaction time and reaction temperature contributes significantly to the biodiesel production process with percentage contribution of 14.001 %, compared to other interaction terms. The biodiesel yield of 77.56% was obtained under the optimized factor combination of 4.0 wt.% catalyst loading, 120 min reaction time, 12 : 1 methanol/oil molar ratio and reaction temperature of 65 °C. The reusability study showed that the ASE catalyst could be reused for up to four cycles and the biodiesel produced under optimum conditions conformed to the ASTM standard.
High resolution measurement of membrane receptor endocytosis
Authors: Zhang Zhihui , K. Heidary David , I. Richards Christopher
Published: March 2019

We present a new approach to quantify the half-life of membrane proteins on the cell surface, through tagging the protein with the photoconvertible fluorescent protein, Dendra2. Upon exposure to 405 nm light, Dendra2 is photoconverted from green to red emission. Total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy (TIRF) is applied to limit visualization of fluorescence to proteins located on the plasma membrane. Conversion of Dendra2 works as a pulse chase experiment through monitoring only the population of protein that has been photoconverted. As the protein is endocytosed the red emission decreases due to the protein leaving the TIRF field of view. This method is not impacted by the insertion of new protein into the plasma membrane as newly synthesized protein only exhibits green emission. We used this approach to determine the half-life of ENaC on the plasma membrane illustrating the high temporal resolution capability of this technique compared to current methods.
A minimally-invasive serial cerebrospinal fluid sampling model in conscious Göttingen minipigs
Authors: Bergadano Alessandra , Amen Eva Maria , Jacobsen Björn , Belli Sara , Vandjour Anthony , Rapp Christelle , Senn Claudia
Published: March 2019

Drug concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) are typically used as a as a surrogate measure of their availability in the CNS, and CSF penetration in animal studies are used for assessment of CNS drug delivery in early preclinical drug development. The minipig is a valid alternative to dogs and non-human primates as non-rodent species in preclinical research, but this species presents anatomical peculiarities that make the serial collection of CSF technically challenging. A minimally-invasive serial cerebrospinal fluid collection model via catheterization of the subarachnoid space in conscious minipigs was developed allowing assessment of longitudinal drug pharmacokinetics in the central nervous system in preclinical research. Shortly, the subarachnoid space was accessed in the anesthetized minipig by puncture with a Tuohy needle; when CSF was flowing through the needle a catheter was advanced and thereafter tunneled and fixed on the back. The PK of peptide A administered subcutaneously was performed and CSF could be sampled in the conscious animals for up to 48 h. When compared to the plasma kinetic data, there was a clear difference in the elimination phase of Pept. A from CSF, with an apparent longer average terminal half-life in CSF. The 3Rs are addressed by reducing the number of animals needed for a pharmacokinetic profile in central nervous system and by improving the validity of the model avoiding biases due to anesthesia, blood contamination, and inter-individual variability.
Small RNA-seq: The RNA 5’-end adapter ligation problem and how to circumvent it
Authors: Lama Lodoe , Cobo Jose , Buenaventura Diego , Ryan Kevin
Published: March 2019

The preparation of small RNA cDNA sequencing libraries depends on the unbiased ligation of adapters to the RNA ends. Small RNA with 5’ recessed ends are poor substrates for enzymatic adapter ligation, but this 5’ adapter ligation problem can go undetected if the library preparation steps are not monitored. Here we illustrate the severity of the 5’ RNA end ligation problem using several pre-miRNA-like hairpins that allow us to expand the definition of the problem to include 5’ ends close to a hairpin stem, whether recessed or in a short extension. The ribosome profiling method can avoid a difficult 5’ adapter ligation, but the enzyme typically used to circularize the cDNA has been reported to be biased, calling into question the benefit of this workaround. Using the TS2126 RNA ligase 1 (a.k.a. CircLigase) as the circularizing enzyme, we devised a bias test for the circularization of first strand cDNA. All possible dinucleotides were circle-ligated with similar efficiency. To re-linearize the first strand cDNA in the ribosome profiling approach, we introduce an improved method wherein a single ribonucleotide is placed between the sequencing primer binding sites in the reverse transcriptase primer, which later serves as the point of re-linearization by RNase A. We incorporate this step into the ribosomal profiling method and describe a complete improved library preparation method, Coligo-seq, for the sequencing of small RNA with secondary structure close to the 5’ end. This method accepts a variety of 5’ modified RNA, including 5’ monophosphorylated RNA, as demonstrated by the construction of a HeLa cell microRNA cDNA library.