bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sistem Informasi Data Pemeriksaan Laboratorium Pada Kantor Labkesda
Authors: Irawan Muhammad Ihza , Teguh Rony , Sahay Abertun Sagit
Published: October 2024

Laboratorium Kesehatan Daerah atau biasa disingkat dengan Labkesda merupakan Unit Pelaksana Teknis Daerah (UPTD) di Lingkungan Dinas Kesehatan yang melaksanakan pelayanan kesehatan khusus di bidang Laboratorium. Pada saat ini, proses pemeriksaan masyarakat yang ingin melakukan pemeriksaan laboratorium dan pengelolaan data pemeriksaan laboratoriu m pada Kantor Labkesda Provinsi Kalimantan Tengah masih dilakukan secara manual menggunakan dokumen fisik dan catatan manual. Metode ini rentan terhadap kesalahan, kehilangan data, dan sulit dalam pengaksesan dan pengolahan informasi. Oleh karena itu, pada penelitian ini akan dirancang dan dibangun sebuah aplikasi sistem berbasis website yang dapat mengelola data pemeriksaan laboratorium pada kantor labkesda. Adapun langkah -langkah pada penelitian ini adalah pengumpulan data, analisis kebutuhan, perancangan sistem, dan implementasi sistem (coding). Berdasarkan hasil rancang dan bangun sistem informasi data pemeriksaan laboratorium pada Kantor Labkesda, dapat disimpulkan bahwa website ini dapat digunakan petugas labkesda dalam proses pengelolaan data masyarakat yang ingin melakukan pemeriksaan di laboratorium dan pengelolaan data hasil pemeriksaan laboratorium. Selain itu, diharapkan dari data-data yang terkumpul dapat digunakan sebagai sumber data dalam pengembangan penelitian kesehatan dan pemantauan kesehat an masyarakat seperti untuk penelitian identifikasi tren penyakit di Provinsi Kalimantan Tengah.
Sistem Penerimaan Karyawan Dengan Metode Multi Attribute Utility Theory Berbasis Web: Studi Kasus pada CV Vilia Alam Sejahtera
Authors: Wahono Aditya Pratama Gusti , Geges Septian , Lestari Ariesta
Published: October 2024

Pada suatu perusahaan perektrutan atau penerimaan karyawan adalah hal paling esensial dalam persaingan di dunia moderen seperti sekarang, dimana dunai menuntut kualitas Sumber Daya Manusia yang berkualitas. Dalam mencari SDM yang berkualitas bagi perusahaan maka dibutuhkan metode yang tepat dalam menentukannya. Dalam sistem lama pencarian calon karyawan cukup sulit yaitu hanya dengan pra-sangka atau berdasarkan hasil wawancara saat perekrutan. Dalam hal ini perusahaan sulit untuk menenukan mana calon karyawan yang berkualitas. Maka dari itu penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang dan membangun sebuah sistem penerimaan karyawan berupa sebuah website untuk mengelola dan menghitung sistem pendukung keputusan dengan metode Multi Attribute Utility Theory yang efektif. Metodologi pada penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan waterfall, yang memiliki tahapan berupa Requirements and Definition yang digambarkan menggunakan Flowchart, System and Software, Design and Definition yang digambarkan dengan UML (Unified Modelling Language) dengan Use Case Diagram, Class Diagram, dan Activity Diagram, Implementation and Unit Testing dengan menggunakan metode Black Box. Diharapkan dengan adanya sistem ini dapat mempermudah perusahaan CV Vilia Alam Sejahtera dalam melakukan penerimaan karyawan. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah website Penerimaan Karyawan yang dapat memberikan kemudahan pada pengguna untuk menentukan karyawan yang akan direkrut.
Model of Comparative Analysis of the Structure and Semantics of Causal Constructions in Multi-Structural Languages
Authors: Alimjan Bimbetov
Published: October 2024

This article explores the application of constructive grammar, a linguistic approach that integrates cognitive, syntactic, and semantic frameworks to analyse causative constructions in English and Russian languages. Constructive grammar interprets not only the form and content of linguistic components but also the structure itself, which influences and imposes constraints on these components. The study considers the methodological evolution from traditional syntactic theories to cognitive models, particularly the influence of Ch. Fillmore’s work. By focusing on causative constructions, specifically analytical causatives like "The police made him confess," the research draws upon the theories of V.P. Nedyalkov, G.G. Silnitsky, and A.A. Kholodovich, among others, to provide a comparative analysis of causative structures in different languages. Cognitive and generative grammar perspectives, including R. King's spatial metaphor and L. Talmy’s force dynamics, are integrated to establish a comprehensive framework for understanding the universal and language-specific properties of causative expressions. The findings highlight the importance of the cognitive interpretation of syntactic structures, the role of energy transfer between agents and patients, and the diverse semantic types of causative situations. The study concludes by suggesting future research directions in the syntactic classification and formal expression of causative components.
Experience in using the «Sherpa» software package during field work and its integration with GIS INTEGRO
Authors: Spiridonov Ivan V. , Dunaev Dmitry A. , Valeev Nikolay N.
Published: October 2024

The article is devoted to the results of the joint use of the Sherpa software package, developed by the Karpinski Institute, with the GIS INTEGRO primary information module during the field work of FSBI VNIGNI in 2023. The creation of a modern complex of domestic software and technological products will allow for better and faster information and analytical support of oil and gas operations in the future. The possibilities provided by the developed software and technology complexes are demonstrated by examples of specific practical tasks.
Application of machine learning classification algorithms to predict probability of channel presence from seismic data
Authors: Oreshkova Maria Yu. , Butorin Alexandr V.
Published: October 2024

The article analyzes the application of various classification algorithms (Random Forest, Extra Trees, Gradient Boosting, Multi-layer Perceptron, Gaussian Naive Bayes, Voting Classifier) based on supervised machine learning, both for individual seismic attributes (amplitude, phase, frequency) and for a set of seismic attributes calculated in the interval of channel system development for probabilistic assessment of presence of channels. The object of the study is the deposits of the Tyumen suite of a group of deposits located in the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug. The purpose of this work is to find the most effective seismic attributes and machine learning classification methods to optimize the methodology and improve the accuracy of forecasting the probability of channel system presence.
Knowledge, Skills, and Practices of Global Service Standards Among Graduate Students at Saint Joseph Institute of Technology (SJIT)
Authors: Pasion Rodelio B.
Published: October 2024

This study employed a descriptive research design to examine the knowledge, skills, and practices (KSP) related to global service standards among graduate students at Saint Joseph Institute of Technology (SJIT). Using convenient sampling within the "Global Trends in Service Excellence" course, data was collected through a 30-item knowledge test and a survey questionnaire assessing skills and practices. Descriptive statistics, including mean, frequency, and percentage, were utilized for analysis. Results demonstrated a strong foundation in understanding global service standards. Additionally, student respondents showed high proficiency in collaboration, creativity, critical thinking, digital literacy, and dedication to customer-focused, ethical, and sustainable practices. While adaptability remains an area for potential growth, the findings suggest that SJIT graduate students are well-positioned to succeed in the global service environment. This study offers valuable insights for educators and institutions aiming to prepare students for careers in a globalized service sector.
An Analysis of the Synergistic Impact of Leadership and Stakeholder Involvement: School-Based Quality Improvement Management
Authors: Ritonga Rahmad Syahbidin , Milfayetty Sri , Rahman Arif
Published: October 2024

This research aims to analyze the synergistic impact between school leadership and stakeholder involvement in efforts to improve the quality of education at the Al Hijrah Integrated Islamic Middle School, Deli Serdang. A descriptive quantitative approach was used as a research method, and data was collected using questionnaires from respondents, namely the school principal and all school stakeholders. The results of the research show that school leadership that is synergistic and involves school stakeholders has a great influence on the management of improving school quality. Strong leadership and active stakeholder involvement have a significant positive impact on school-based quality improvement management. Visionary and learning-oriented leadership plays a key role in formulating a shared vision and strategy to improve the quality of education. The involvement of stakeholders, including teachers, parents, and the community, provides support, input, and active participation in the implementation of quality improvement programs. The synergy between effective leadership and involving stakeholders can create a collaborative and supportive learning environment. This leads to achieving the goals of better quality education, improving the quality of learning, and holistic development of student potential.
Contribution of Work Discipline, Motivation, Work, and Work Environment to Teacher Performance
Authors: Khairuddin Khairuddin , Purba Saut , Simaremare Aman
Published: October 2024

The aim of this research is to analyze the contribution of: (1) work discipline to teacher performance; (2) work motivation to teacher performance; (3) work environment to performance; and (4) discipline, work motivation, and work environment simultaneously to teacher performance. The research was carried out at state elementary schools in Rantau Utara District, Labuhanbatu Regency. The research population was 396 teachers, and the research sample was 162 teachers. The sampling technique employed in the study involved the use of Isaac and Michael tables along with probability sampling methods. The results of research on simultaneous performance are 80.51%, 3.74%, and 15.76%, meaning that work discipline is the most dominant factor in influencing teacher performance. Teachers who are disciplined in carrying out their duties, show high commitment, are able to manage their time well, and comply with established rules and procedures. Even though the percentage is small, work motivation is an important factor in improving teacher performance. Teachers who have high work motivation will be encouraged to work more enthusiastically, creatively, and innovatively in teaching. A conducive and supportive work environment can help improve teacher performance by providing adequate facilities and infrastructure, creating a positive work atmosphere, and providing opportunities for teachers to develop themselves professionally. Teachers who demonstrate a high level of work discipline tend to contribute to increased performance in carrying out tasks; teachers who have work motivation tend to contribute positively to increased teacher performance; and a conducive work environment tends to contribute to increased overall teacher performance.
Development of Islamic Religious Education Comic Media: A Script Cooperative Learning Model
Authors: Siregar Tiur Rianiroha , Mukhtar Mukhtar , Farihah Farihah
Published: October 2024

This research aims to develop learning media in the form of Islamic Religious Education comics with the material I Believe in the Prophets and Apostles, which is used as a very practical learning medium for grade 4 students of MIS Muhajirin Medan Polonia. Research and development methods use the ADDIE model. This development stage includes analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The development process was carried out with input from material experts, media experts, and learning design experts, practicality testing by students, and effectiveness testing. The results of the research show that: (1) learning media in the form of Islamic Religious Education comics with the Cooperative Script model obtained a material expert score of 4.51, media expert 4.54 (very high), and learning design expert 4.77 (very high). Field trials of learning media in the form of comics obtained an average score of 4.50 (very high). Guidance and information aspect 4.60 (very high), media material aspect 4.43 (very high), evaluation aspect 4.40 (very high), media and facility design aspect 4.48 (very high), and pedagogical effect aspect 4.60 (very high). The values obtained indicate that the product developed is very feasible. (2) Test the effectiveness of media in the form of Islamic Religious Education comics with the cooperative script learning model using the N-Gain Score formula. The research results showed a figure of 0.58 (medium effectiveness). The research conclusion is that the Islamic Religious Education comic media, the cooperative script learning model, is suitable for use and effective in improving learning outcomes.
Development of E-Modules Based on Character Education: Logic Subjects
Authors: Kiik Blasius , Simbolon Naeklan , Panjaitan Keysar
Published: October 2024

Character education-based e-modules are an innovation in education that aims to increase the effectiveness of learning and expand accessibility to subject matter by integrating positive values and attitudes in students. Currently, the Logic Learning Module at SMA Satu Padu Boarding School-Tiga Juhar still uses a conventional approach without integrating character education values and has not adopted online learning. This research aims to evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of developing an e-module based on character education for class XI students in the Logic subject at SMA Satu Padu Boarding School-Tiga Juhar. The research method used was research and development (R&D), with research subjects totaling 19 class XI students. The object of this research is the Basics of Logic material. The research stages include validation tests by material experts, media experts, and design experts, as well as individual and group trials on the use of character-based e-modules. This research also tests the effectiveness of e-modules based on character education. The research results show that students who use e-modules based on character education are "more effective" than students who have not used e-modules based on character education. This was shown in individual testing of the use of character-based e-modules, with a score of 3.45 and a percentage of 68.97% deemed feasible. In the field group testing, it showed a score of 3.78 with a percentage of 75.01% where the criteria were eligible
Impact of Indoor Air Pollution on Women’s Health: A Study on Sylhet City
Authors:   Professor, Department of Public Administration, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Bangladesh., Khatun Dr. Fatema , Begum Mst. Joynob ,   Research student, Department of Public Administration, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Bangladesh.
Published: October 2024

Indoor air pollution is a significant and often overlooked environmental concern that has far-reaching implications for human health. In Bangladesh, indoor air pollution is one of the greatest environmental health risks. The study aims to provide insights into the specific ways in which indoor air pollution affects women’s health and well-being, as well as to identify potential strategies for mitigating these effects. With a focus on the diverse sources of indoor pollutants and their potential health effects. This qualitative research paper describes the impact of indoor air pollution on women’s health, focusing on the experiences, perceptions, and challenges faced by women in relation to their indoor living environments. This research used a qualitative approach, descriptive type research, purposive sampling strategy, and utilizing semi-structured interviews as the primary data collection method. A sample size of 50 women is targeted, with data saturation as the criterion for stopping data collection. Thematic analysis is used to analyze the interview transcripts. A critical analysis of the health effects of indoor air pollution on women is presented, encompassing consequences. The effects include exacerbation of respiratory conditions, allergies, eye and skin irritations. In conclusion, this research paper emphasizes the urgent need for a comprehensive understanding of the intricate relationship between indoor air pollution and women’s health. It underscores the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration among public health experts, environmental scientists, policymakers, and advocates to develop effective strategies that safeguard women’s well-being.
Effective Strategies to Overcome EFL Speaking Difficulties
Authors:   General Courses Unit, Faculty of Engineering, King Abdul-Aziz University, Jeddah 21577, KSA, Alaraj Mamoon Muhsin
Published: October 2024

This study investigates the speaking difficulties and strategies used by Saudi university students learning English as a foreign language (EFL). The results reveal significant barriers to speaking fluency, with "limited vocabulary" identified as the most obstructive factor, followed by "lack of practice" and "limited exposure to receptive skills”. Pronunciation issues and reliance on memorization also contributed to speaking challenges, though to a lesser degree. Most participants agreed that these issues hinder fluency development. The research also highlights the effectiveness of various strategies used by fluent EFL students. "Socializing with fluent speakers" and "organizing ideas in advance" emerged as the most effective strategies. Additional strategies like studying a topic thoroughly and receiving feedback from expert speakers were also deemed highly effective. The findings align with existing research on EFL fluency, particularly the emphasis on vocabulary, practice, and social interaction. However, the study provides unique insights into the specific cultural and linguistic challenges faced by Saudi learners, underlining the importance of context-specific approaches to language learning.
Relationship between Job Characteristics Model and Job Satisfaction with Mediating Effect of Organizational Commitment
Authors:   Lecturer (Southeast University), Fatema Kanis
Published: October 2024

This research discovers the relationship between Job Characteristics Model (JCM) and job satisfaction using the mediator organizational commitment on private universities faculties in Bangladesh. This study is an empirical study to understand how specific job characteristics, as defined by the JCM—namely skill variety, task identity, task significance, autonomy, and feedback—affect employee’s commitment. Besides, the study tries to find out the impact of organizational commitment on job satisfaction. Moreover, researcher investigate how organizational commitment mediates the relationship between JCM and Job Satisfaction using 489 sample of faculty members from private universities in Bangladesh. For conducting this research, respondents have been selected by using convenience sampling method through a structured questionnaire. The findings reveal that JCM and organizational commitment has positive relationship, besides organizational commitment can play positive impact over the job satisfaction of the faculty members. Finally, this research depicts how organizational commitment strongly mediates the relationship between job characteristics model and job satisfaction. These insights contribute to existing literature by highlighting the importance of fostering organizational commitment for improving job satisfaction within the educational sector in Bangladesh. The study's implications suggest that university management should focus on designing jobs that enhance employee commitment to maximize satisfaction, ultimately leading to better organizational outcomes.
O OLHAR ESPACIAL NO CONTEXTO DA ALFABETIZAÇÃO DE JOVENS E ADULTOS
Authors: Moura Ana Paula Abreu , Serra Enio
Published: October 2024

O artigo tem como objetivo analisar o uso da linguagem imagética na alfabetização de pessoas jovens e adultas com base na experiência de um curso de formação de alfabetizadoras/es vinculado a um programa de extensão universitária. Tendo como referência teórico-metodológica a obra freiriana, aqui considerada na perspectiva decolonial, uma das aulas reflete sobre o cotidiano a partir do conceito de espaço vivido em articulação com os princípios da dialogicidade e da problematização. A experiência tem permitido o trabalho com os elementos básicos do sistema de escrita alfabética, assim como a construção de propostas pedagógicas que estimulem a releitura crítica dos espaços e como forma de contribuição para a emancipação política e cultural dos/as educandos/as.
A PRÁTICA AVALIATIVA EM TURMAS DE ALFABETIZAÇÃO NO BRASIL E NA FRANÇA: COMO AS PROFESSORAS AGEM FRENTE AOS CONHECIMENTOS DAS CRIANÇAS?
Authors: De Almeida Barros Figueirêdo Malheiros Emmanuella , Brito Ferreira Andrea Tereza
Published: October 2024

Neste trabalho de natureza qualitativa, realizado a partir de dois estudos de caso, buscamos investigar a prática avaliativa de duas professoras, sendo uma atuante no 2° ano no ciclo de alfabetização no Brasil e uma pertencente à turma CP (cours préparatoire) atuante no sistema educativo de Francês. Nesses contextos, o trabalho se desenvolveu nos anos letivos de 2019 no Brasil e de 2021-2022, na França. A coleta de dados foi feita com observações, entrevistas e minientrevistas. Para a análise das práticas avaliativas utilizamos, sobretudo, Hoffmann (2018), Esteban (2008) e Perrenoud (1999). Os resultados revelaram que a professora brasileira utilizava métodos de avaliação com um viés mais classificatório. Já na França, a prática avaliativa seguia pressupostos mais formativos.
Literatura e sua função formativa no desenvolvimento de maturação do infante:
Authors: Corrêa Thiago , Corrêa Martins Machado Rodrigo
Published: October 2024

Este trabalho considera o efeito bastante significativo que a literatura para crianças e jovens pode assumir nos sistemas de percepção do indivíduo e na formação humana, além de ter especial função formativa nos estágios iniciais do desenvolvimento. Por isso, é necessário possibilitar espaços para que os alunos entrem em contato com literaturas que trazem questões subjetivas e falam sobre temas que são relevantes na construção de uma sociedade humana e empática em suas relações, por exemplo, temáticas a respeito da sexualidade para os infantes. Nesse sentido, a partir da análise do livro Julián é uma sereia, de Jessica Love, será apresentada uma ideia na perspectiva metodológica da fenomenologia sobre a emancipação do imaginário da criança, tanto do personagem em questão quanto do leitor objetivo da obra, no sentido de possibilitar a ela a capacidade de imaginar a sua própria identidade sem interferências de normas estabelecidas socialmente referente ao corpo, ao gênero e a sexualidade.
Formação de leitores literários em turmas de alfabetização na Educação de Jovens e Adultos (EJA)
Authors: Pinheiro Marta Passos , Pedersoli Ana Paula , Felix Chrisley Soares
Published: October 2024

O encontro entre os sujeitos das turmas de alfabetização da Educação de Jovens e Adultos (EJA) e a literatura é tema pouco discutido nos meios acadêmicos e, consequentemente, poucos estudos são divulgados nessa área. Neste artigo pretendemos um ensaio sobre a formação de leitores literários em turmas com estudantes em processo inicial de alfabetização na EJA. Para tal, apresentamos conceitos como “leitura literária”, “mediação”, “letramento literário” e “formação do leitor literário” ao mesmo tempo em que apontamos desafios e possibilidades para o uso da literatura em sala de aula. Além disso, apresentamos uma proposta da Rede Municipal de Educação de Belo Horizonte (RME-BH) de seleção de livros literários destinados aos sujeitos da Educação de Jovens e Adultos. Nesse percurso reflexivo aspectos relacionados à formação literária dos/as estudantes são desenvolvidos, num percurso que pretende conscientizar sobre a formação literário enquanto garantia de direito que permite ampliar o acesso à cultura, a bens simbólicos, a ampliação do conhecimento de mundo, a desenvolvimento de aspectos éticos, estéticos, à possibilidade de desenvolvimento de autonomia leitora e escolha literária.
Customer Engagement towards Instagram content across different sectors
Authors: Akhmedov Ramis , Ulviya Choban  , Gulshat Zhumazhan
Published: October 2024

This study explores the impact of Instagram content on customer engagement in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) across the pharmaceutical and cosmetic sectors in Kazakhstan. By analyzing business-related and non-business-related posts in both image and video formats, the research finds that video content consistently generates higher engagement, especially in non-business posts. The results highlight sector-specific differences in consumer interaction, offering valuable insights for SMEs to optimize their social media strategies. Future research could link engagement metrics with purchasing behavior and explore sector-specific nuances further.
Emerging Role of Prefrontal Lobe Involving Visual Function in a Case with Whiplash-Associated Disorders
Authors:   Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Chang ShinTsu
Published: October 2024

Whiplash, often resulting from vehicle accidents, can cause bony or soft tissue injuries leading to clinical symptoms related to the cervical spine or brain. However, diagnosing whiplash objectively is challenging, as acute phase abnormalities in the cervical spine or brain are difficult to detect through anatomic/ structural imaging. We present a case of a 54-year-old woman suffering from Whiplash-Associated Disorder (WAD) without abnormal structural abnormalities. Using brain perfusion single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) to measure regional cerebral blood flow, hypoperfusion was observed in the bilateral prefrontal regions and parietal/occipital lobes, which was associated with her visual impairment. We support the nociceptive-vascular hypothesis and propose an additional role for the prefrontal lobe in contributing to WAD in patients following whiplash injury. Further investigation is needed to monitor the effects of brain perfusion after treatment using SPECT.
Does body surface area of children affect the oral health?
Authors: Raya Rashid Aldafaai  , Zainab Juma Jafar  , Rasha Khalaf Zighair
Published: October 2024

Objectives: To evaluate relationship between oral health and body surface area among children.
Method: The observational, cross-sectional study was conducted from January to February /2022 after approval from the ethics review committee of the College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq, and comprised children of either gender aged 6-8 years who were randomly selected from primary schools in the city. Body surface area was calculated geometrically using different formulas, and the DuBois formula was used to make the intervals. The estimated body surface area values were broadly divided into four intervals: 0.8-0.9, >0.9-1.0, >1.0-1.1, >1.1. Dental caries was examined using the World Health Organisation criteria related to decayed, missed and filled teeth and surfaces for primary and permanent teeth. Dental plaque and gingival health status were measured using plaque and gingival indices. Data was analysed using SPSS 22.
Results: There were 240 subjects. There was no significant difference in terms of mean body surface area intervals of decayed, missed and filled teeth and surfaces for primary and permanent teeth (p>0.05). The mean values of gingival index showed significant differences across body surface area intervals (p<0.05). Mean plaque index values showed no significant differences (p>0.05).
Conclusion: No relationship between body surface area and caries experience of primary and permanent teeth was found. However, increasing the body surface area increased gingival inflammation.
Key Words: Periodontal Index, Oral Health, Dental Plaque, Health Status, World Health Organization, Inflammation
Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin as a biomarker for detection of early renal impairment in Iraqi patients with multiple myeloma
Authors: Alea Farhan Salman  , Eham Amer Ali  , Eham Amer Ali  , Alaa Fadhil Alwan
Published: October 2024

Objective: To evaluate the serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin levels in multiple myeloma patients as an indicator of disease progression.
Method: The case-control study was conducted at the Clinical Biochemistry Department of the National Centre of Haematology, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq, from October 2020 to July 2021, amd comprised diagnosed multiple myeloma patients and healthy controls of either gender aged 40-60 years. Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin and renal functions were measured for all patients in addition to obtaining a complete history and physical examination. Data was analysed using  MedCalc.
Results: Of the 60 sujects, 30(50) were cases with mean age 64±2.1 years and 30(50%) were controls with mean age 60 ±3.2 years. There were 18(68%) males among the cases and 17(55%) among the controls. In the cases group, mean levels of creatinine, urea and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin were 1.62±0.85mg/dl, 55.56±28.05mg/dl and 389.39±116.12pg/mL, respectively. The corresponding values for the controls were 0.9518±0.1623mg/dl, 30.17±8.47mg/dl and 120.82±68’52pg/ml. The neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin cut-off level >190pg/ml in multiple myeloma patients was strongly associated with renal impairment (p<0.001).
Conclusion: Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin was found to be an accurate indicator of early kidney disease in patients with de novo multiple myeloma.
Key Words: Lipocalin, Creatinine, Myeloma, Kidney, Hematology, Urea, Tumour
Factors affecting the level of parental knowledge about their children's congenital heart diseases and their care
Authors: Khaleel Ibrahim ALSuwayfee  , Eman Isam Muhammed  , Aws Hazem Al-Numan
Published: October 2024

Objective: To assess parental knowledge about their children's congenital heart disease using a newly-designed scale.
Method: The cross-sectional study was conducted from June 2020 to May 2021, at Alkhansaa maternity and child hospital, Mosul Iraq; after approval from the ethics review committee of Ninevah Medical College, Ninevah University, Iraq, and comprised parents with children having congenital heart disease. Data, including age, gender, type of congenital heart disease as well as parents’ educational and socioeconomic levels, residence, internet use and knowledge of the disease with respect to type, burden, bacterial endocarditis, outcome, etc. was noted. Parental knowledge levels were measured using a self-designed scoring scale, having a total score of 18 and 4 categories; <6 = some knowledge, 7-12 = good knowledge, 13-17 = very good knowledge, and 18 = full knowledge. Data was analysed using SPSS 26.
Results: There were 364 children with mean age 83.72±47.4 months and a male-female ratio of 0.98. The mean age at diagnosis was 12.1±8.32 months. The overall mean parental knowledge level was 8.41± 3.88, with 126(34.6%) parents having some knowledge, 178(48.9%) having good, 58(16%) having very good, and 2(0.5%) having full knowledge about their children’s health condition (p<0.001) There was a significant association of parental knowledge with educational level, socioeconomic status and the type of doctor caring for the child (p<0.05). The duration of the illness showed a significant correlation with knowledge level (p=0.021).
Conclusion: The level of parental knowledge about congenital heart disease in children was not satisfactory.
Key Words: Heart Defects, Congenital, Endocarditis, Bacterial, Social Class
Post-operative short-term clinical evaluation of direct lateral (Harding) approach in primary total hip replacement
Authors: Abdullah Abdulkareem Abbas  , Ahmed Latteef Al-Shamari
Published: October 2024

Objectives: To evaluate patients’ functional outcomes after total hip arthroplasty through a direct lateral approach.
Methods: The prospective, observational, descriptive study was conducted at Al-Yarmouk Teaching Hospital, Baghdad, Iraq, from May 2019 to June 2020, and comprised patients aged 28-81 years having advanced osteoarthritis and avascular necrosis who underwent cementless total hip arthroplasty. The patients were followed up for 6 months. Outcome was assessed using the Harris hip score, Trendelenburg sign, post-operative hip dislocation, post-operative infection, and heterotopic ossifications. Data was analysed using Excel version 2019.
Results: Of the 30 patients, 14(47%) were males and 16(53%) were females. The overall mean age was 49.8±15.28 years. The mean pre-operative Harris hip score was 43.166±8.27, while it was 83.566±3.83 post-operatively (p<0.001). There was 1(3.33%) case of heterotopic ossification, 3(10%) had Trendelenburg sign. There was no case of postoperative hip dislocation or infection.
Conclusion: The lateral hip approach was found to be associated with good post-operative hip stability and good post-operative functional outcome with low post-operative risk of infection.
Key Words: Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip, Osteoarthritis, Ossification, Heterotopic, Necrosis
Prevalence of work place violence and its impact on doctors in some Iraqi hospitals
Authors: Ali Mousa Al-Mousawi  , Riyadh Khudhair Lafta
Published: October 2024

Objective: To estimate the prevalence of workplace violence and its impact on doctors in hospitals.
Method: The cross-sectional study was conducted from August 2021 to January 2022 in Baghdad and Karbala governorates of Iraq, and comprised resident doctors at a number of hospitals. Data was collected using a self-administered questionnaire that focussed on the frequency of exposure to violence, type, source, most common time, and other details about violence as well as its impact on doctors and their careers. Data was analysed using SPSS 23.
Results: Of the 1,079 subjects working at 18 participating hospitals and having a mean age 30.0±5.72 years, 567(52.5%) were females and 512(47.5%) were males, while 570(52.8%) were aged <30 years and 509(47.2%) were aged >30 years. Overall, violence exposure was reported by 811(75.2%) subjects; 427(52.6%) females and 384(47.4%) males. Gender was not significantly associated with exposure to violence (p>0.05). Due to missing data, further analysis was limited to 792(97.6%) subjects who faced exposure to workplace violence. In 671(85%) cases, the assaults were nonphysical. However, 110(14%) doctors reported physical attacks and severe consequences. There were 673(85%) of doctors with exposure to violence who expressed their intention to change their job, workplace, or leave the country because of violence.
Conclusion: The problem of violence against Iraqi doctors was found to be highly prevalent with a seriously negative impact on the medical professionals.
Key Words: Violence, Prevalence, Intention, Malpractice.
Factors affecting parental refusal of lumbar puncture in Iraqi children in COVID-19 era: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Nabeeha Najatee Akram  , Shurooq Talib Sadoon  , Matheel Mohammed Jaafar  , Wassan Nori
Published: October 2024

Objective: To assess the frequency and causes of parental lumbar puncture refusal for their children.
Method: The cross-sectional study was conducted at the Central Child Teaching Hospital, Baghdad, Iraq, from October 1, 2021, to April 1, 2022, and comprised children aged at least >1 month at the emergency department wo had been advised to undergo lumbar puncture. Data from the mother of the child was collected using an interview-based questionnaire, exploring. demographic characteristics, the cause of lumbar puncture refusal, as well as knowledge of the advantages and risks of lumbar puncture. Data was analysed using SPSS 26.
Results: There were 128 children with a mean age of 3.9±2.1 years (range: 1-120 months). The parents of 18(14%) patients refused the procedure, and the most frequent reason was fear of paralysis 12(67%). Refusal was significantly associated with mother’s age, parents’ levels of education, and parents’ knowledge of the risks of lumbar puncture (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Raising public awareness and parents' educational level regarding the necessity and safety of lumbar puncture procedure is vital to decrease the refusal rate and ensure a better health outcome.
Key Words: Spinal Puncture, Demography, Paralysis, Fear
Molecular identification of EhCRT gene Calreticulin isolated from children infected with Entamoeba histolytica
Authors: Noor Khalf Al-mashhadani  , Hatham Ebraheem Khalil  , Ahmed Sattar Abood
Published: October 2024

Objective: To detect the gene of entamoeba histolytica by polymerase chain reaction and investigate theexpression of immunogene entamoeba histolytica calreticulin in stool samples of infected patients.Method: The case control study was conducted at Central Teaching Hospital of Paediatrics and Al MahmoudiaGeneral Hospital, Iraq, from December 30, 2020, to September 1, 2021, and comprised diarrhoeal faecal samples collected from 86 children with age ranging from <1 year to 13 years who were suspected of having been infected with entamoeba histolytica. Microscopically positive samples were then subjected to conventional and real-time polymerase chain reaction for the detection of entamoeba histolytica HM1:IMSS strain using Phage shock protein (Psp) gene sequences and detection of entamoeba histolytica calreticulin expression.Result: Of the 86 patients, 71(82.6%) were found to be infected with entamoeba histolytica; 39(54.93%) boys and 32(45.07%) girls. The remaining 15(17.4%) patients were taken as non-amoebic controls; 8(53.3%) boys and 7(46.7%) girls. There were 36(50.70%) cases and 8(53.33%) controls aged 1-4 years. Among the Entamoeba histolytica gene was detected in 44(62%) of the cases using conventional polymerase chain reaction, and immunogene entamoeba histolytica calreticulin was expressed in 36(50.7%) using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Data was analysed using SPSS 24.Conclusion: Polymerase chain reaction was found to be a useful tool for diagnosing entamoeba histolyticainfection in children.Key Words: Entamoeba histolytica, Entamoebiasis, Calreticulin, Polymerase, Diarrhea, Bacteriophages
The effect of a diode-pumped solid-state laser with a wavelength of 589 nm on T-lymphocyte proliferation
Authors: Marwa Akram Nafe'a  , Nibras Hatim. Khamees  , Mustafa Salih. Al Musawi
Published: October 2024

Objective: To assess how low-level laser irradiation affects T cells.Method: The case-control interventional study was conducted from November 2021 to April 2022 after approval bythe ethics review committee of the College of Medicine, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq, and comprisedhealthy individuals. Phlebotomy was used to collect 4ml of blood. A portion of each sample was exposed to 589nmlaser radiation, while the other portion was used as a control. The irradiated sample was divided into whole bloodand in-plate subgroups. Phytohemagglutinin was used for mitotic stimulation of T-lymphocytes, and cellproliferation assay was used to stimulate T lymphocytes measured using MTS assay (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium). Optical density was measured using enzyme-linkedimmunosorbent assay. Data was analysed using GraphPad prism software.Results: There were 35 subjects, 17(49%) males and 18 (51%) females, with an age range between 19-25 years, allwithout any disease or medication. Laser irradiation stimulated T-lymphocyte proliferation to levels that dependedon the dose of laser used. At energy 30J/cm2 there was a significant increase in the in-plate subgroup of irradiatedsamples compared to controls and between the two irradiated subgroups (p<0.05). At 50J/cm2 dose, there was asignificant increase in the whole blood subgroup compared to the controls (p<0.05). At 70J/cm2 dose, there was asignificant difference in the whole blood subgroup compared to the controls, and between the two irradiatedsubgroups (p<0.05).Conclusion: The stimulation of T lymphocyte proliferation by the application of a 589nm laser could have medicalapplications in the field of immune system enhancement.Key Words: Phytohemagglutinins, Phlebotomy, Lasers, Lymphocytes, Proliferation,Immunosorbent
Determination of Serum Myeloperoxidase (MPO) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) as a tumour Marker in Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia (CML)
Authors: Khitam Abdul Wahhab Ali  , Abeer Anwer Ahmed  , Suhad Taha Mohammed
Published: October 2024

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of serum myeloperoxidase and lactate dehydrogenase levels as tumour markers in chronic myeloid leukaemia patients after one-year treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitors.Method: The case-control study was conducted at the College of Medicine, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq, in collaboration with the National Centre of Haematology, Baghdad, from December 2019 to April 2020. The cases comprised chronic myeloid leukaemia patients aged greater than or equal to18 years who had completed one-year treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitor. They were divided into two groups on the basis of major molecular response. Group 1 patients had major molecular response >0.1%, while group 2 patients had major molecular response <0.1%. Group 3 had healthy controls matched for age and gender. Serum myeloperoxidase and lactate dehydrogenase concentrations were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Data was analysed using SPSS 25.Results: Of the 88 subjects, 32(36.4%) were in group A with mean age 44.9±12.6 years, 26(29.5%) were in group B with mean age 48.23±10.6 years, and 30(34%) were in group C with mean age 43.1±9.3 years. There was a significant increase in myeloperoxidase and lactate dehydrogenase levels in patient groups compared group 3 controls (p<0.05). Between the patient groups 1 and 2, the difference was significant for myeloperoxidase (p<0.05), but not for lactate dehydrogenase (p>0.05).Conclusion: There was higher oxidative stress in chronic myeloid leukaemia patients.Key Words: Tyrosine Kinase, Oxidative, Peroxidase, Immunosorbent, Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL, Lactate Dehydrogenases, Tumour
Influence of body fat on heart rate variability in healthy females
Authors: Hiba Salih Mahdi Al-Khassaki  , Bassam Talib Al-Galani
Published: October 2024

Objective: To evaluate the effect of central obesity indices in healthy females on cardiac autonomic activity, usingheart rate variability as an index reflecting the cardiac autonomic balance.Method: The cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Physiology, College of Medicine,Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq, from September 2020 to April 2021, and comprised adult healthy womenhaving a regular menstrual cycle who were not consumers of tobacco, alcohol or any medication. Waistcircumference, waist-hip ratio, waist-height ratio and lipid accumulation product measurements were noted foreach subject. Repeated blood pressure and heart rate measurements were taken on the brachial artery of the rightarm until stable values were achieved. Heart rate variability was based on electrocardiogram data related to R-Rinterval. Data was analysed using GraphPad InStat version 3.06.Results: There were 53 women with mean age 37.4±10.5 years. Low-frequency power normalised units at thehighest two quintiles of waist circumference was significantly higher than the lowest two quintiles (p<0.03), andsignificantly and positively correlated with waist-hip ratio (p<0.02) and waist-height ratio (p<0.05). At the highesttwo quintiles of lipid accumulation product, low-frequency power normalised units value was significantly higherthan at the lowest two quintiles (p<0.02).Conclusion: Increased waist circumference, waist-height ratio, waist-hip ratio and lipid accumulation productvalues were significantly associated with high sympathetic tone.Key Words: Abdominal, Circumference, Hip Ratio, Blood Pressure, Arm, Brachial Artery, Heart Rate, LipidAccumulation, Electrocardiography, Menstrual Cycle
The effect of active rheumatoid arthritis on hearing impairment
Authors: Hayder Kadhim Essa  , Hussain Hasan  , Hassan Thabit Saeed
Published: October 2024

Objective: To assess hearing loss in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients, and to explore its association with disease attributes and activity.
Method: The cross-sectional case-control study was conducted from June to December 2022 at Al-Imamein Al-Kadhimein Hospital, Medical City, Baghdad, Iraq, and comprised rheumatoid arthritis patients and healthy controls of either gender aged 18-45 years. Data was collected using electronic instruments and a physical examination, including pure tone audiometry and tympanogram. Data was analysed using SPSS 24.
Results: Of the 90 subjects, 60(66.7%) were patients; 45(75%) female and 15(25%) males with mean age 32.9 1±7.21 years and mean body mass index 27.14±8.58kg/m2. There were 30(33.3%) controls; 18(60%) female and 12(40%) males with mean age 30.25±5.51 years and mean body mass index 26.92±6.66kg/m2. The control group had thresholds below 25dB for all frequencies in both ears, which were notably lower than those of the RA patients (p=0.005). The left ear showed significant variation at 2000Hz and 4000Hz, while the right ear showed substantial differences at all frequencies except 1000Hz.
Conclusion: The risk of hearing loss was found to be increased in rheumatoid arthritis patients, and it seemed to be related to illness duration.
Key Words: Audiometry, Arthritis, Rheumatoid, Electronics,
The evaluation of the two-dimensional gamma passing rate efficiency for the unilateral breast cancer dosimetry using the Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy
Authors: Afnan Fouad Al-Wakeel  , Mustafa Salih. Al Musawi  , Hayder Hamza Alabedi
Published: October 2024

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of the commonly used two-dimensional gamma passing rate of 3%/3mm for females with unilateral breast cancer.
Method: The cross-sectional study was conducted at Al-Andalus Private Hospital, Baghdad, Iraq, from November 2021 to April 2022 after approval from the Medical Physics and Physiology Department of Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, and comprised female patients with unilateral breast carcinomas. All the patients were subjected to a computed tomography simulation, and data was transferred to treatment planning system Monaco 5.1 for contouring and planning. An intensity-modulated radiation therapy method was selected. The planning comprised phantom detector and linear agility accelerator for pre-treatment verification. All patients were evaluated using two alternative dosimetry methods: 3%/3mm and 3%/2mm at the threshold of 10% and 5%. The Two-dimensional gamma analysis took each transversal slice in the simulation image for comparison. Data was analysed using SPSS 24.
Results: There were 15 female patients aged 26-65 years.  There was a better impact of 3%/3mm compared to 3%/2mm criterion for 5% and 10% thresholds. The proportion was 10% higher than the cutoff point of 5%.
Conclusion: The 3%/2mm criterion should be used for plans that give a high dosage to organs at risk, while the 3 %/3 mm criterion should be used for uncomplicated situations with moderate dosages to at-risk organs.
Key Words: Unilateral Breast, Tomography, Radiotherapy