bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Practical aspects of using exercise therapy methods for the rehabilitation of patients with COVID-19
Authors: Samoilov Alexandr S. , Khan Alexey V. , Nazaryan Svetlana Е. , Pustovoit Vasiliy I. , Petrova Mariya S. , Novikova Anastasiya A.
Published: June 2021

In the article it is discussed about the approved methods of using physical therapy on patients with different forms of COVID-19 at the stage of inpatient treatment. The study involved 86 patients with varying degrees of lung tissue damage (CT2CT4), the main group included 49 patients, and the control group included 37 patients. A scheme of rehabilitation measures that can be used in patients with SARS-CoV-19 is proposed. Methods of therapeutic and respiratory gymnastics for both passive and active work with patients to restore muscle strength, improve sputum outflow, prevent deep vein thrombosis and bedsores with various degrees of lung tissue damage are described. The importance of performing physical therapy techniques in the early stages, when the patient is still in bed, is shown. Using the modified Questionnaire "quality of life" (GAD-9), the effectiveness of respiratory and therapeutic exercises was confirmed.
Regression of spinal demyelination in a patient with leber's disease during long-term therapy with acupuncture and transcutaneous electroneurostimulation
Authors: Al-Zamil Mustafa Kh. , Kulikova Natalya G. , Vasilieva Ekaterina S.
Published: June 2021

In this paper, we demonstrate the effectiveness of the complex use of acupuncture and direct transcutaneous electroneurostimulation of the median, ulnar, tibial and peroneal nerves in treatment of patient with a demyelization changes in the spinal cord. At the same time, it was possible not only to reduce the severity of motor and sensory deficits, but also of Limb Spasticity, and also to cause a complete regression of demyelization changes in MRI.
Broadband modulation currents in physiotherapy and rehabilitation
Authors: Maximov Aleksandr V. , Kir'yanova Vera V.
Published: June 2021

The mechanisms of the physiological and therapeutic effects of broadband modulation currents, the peculiarities of their impact on the main functional and regulatory systems of the human body, as well as therapeutic techniques, indications and contraindications for therapeutic use, the fundamentals of physics and biophysics of medium-frequency electrical exposure have been studied. The technique and methods of carrying out medical procedures using the modern domestic apparatus "Nadezhda" for treatment with broadband modulation currents are presented.
Pharmacological potential strengthening of drug therapy in treating patients with chronic pancreatitis by using therapeutic physical factors
Authors: Mallaeva Raziyat M. , Makhinko Anna N. , Uzdenov Marat B.
Published: June 2021

Background. The steady increase in the incidence of chronic pancreatitis, its aggressive course in recent years, as well as the insufficient therapeutic effect of standard techniques determine the relevance of the search for new approaches to the treatment and medical rehabilitation of this category of patients.
Aims. To improve rehabilitation treatment of patients with chronic pancreatitis (CP) at inpatient stage by strengthening pharmacological potential of drug therapy due to inclusion of therapeutic physical factors (TPF) in therapeutic programs.
Materials and methods. 159 patients with acute CP were observed. By simple randomization, 4 groups were formed: the control group (MG; n=39) received standard drug therapy; 1st comparison group (GC1; n=38) additionally received TPF; (GC2, n=40) in addition to treatment in GC1 had drinking mineral water "Slavyanovskaya"; in main group (n=42) in addition to the treatment in GC2 got preformed peloidotherapy on the cervical-collar zone. All the patients underwent the evaluation of clinical score and quality of life before and after medical rehabilitation.
Results. In MG, clinical symptomatology leveling was by 78.2% (р 0.01), in GC1 by 71.5% (р 0.01), GC2 by 62.3% (р 0.01), CG by 57.2% (р 0.01) on average immediately after the treatment, which was in a clear correlation with indicators of quality of life. In the long term (in 6 and 12 months), the advantage of combination therapy was noted with the same validity, the preservation of the achieved positive result was mostly noted in the MG: after 6 months the improvement in physical health compared to the initial values was noted by 34.4% (р 0.01), after 12 months by 24.0% (р 0.05); mental by 32.3% (р 0.01) and 22.5% (р 0.05), respectively. In both comparison groups, positive dynamics was 1012% lower, and in the control group, after 6 months, there was only a tendency to improve quality of life indicators.
Conclusion. The inclusion of TPF in the programs of the inpatient stage of medical rehabilitation of patients with chronic pancreatitis by strengthening the pharmacological potential of drug therapy contributes to the leveling of clinical manifestations (abdominal pain, dyspepsia and diarrhea), the result of which is an improvement in the quality of life of this category of patients.
Approaches to training and supply of qualified personnel for radiation medicine facilities
Authors: Perelygin Vladimir V. , Sklyarova Nataliia A. , Sakharov Vitaly A. , Zharikov Mikhail V.
Published: June 2021

The report presents the results of a review and discussion on providing qualified personnel for radiation medicine facilities and suggests approaches to personnel training. Qualified personnel availability comes first among the principles of quality control of radiopharmaceuticals (RP), supply of modern equipment, access to up-to-date regulatory documents, validated control methods and the organization of internal audit system. Also, radiation medicine facilities workers are inevitably exposed to harmful hygienic factors of the working environment throughout the entire life cycle of RP: the development, testing, production and civil circulation. Nuclear and radiation medicine facilities place the environment at risk of negative impact. Highly qualified specialists (responsible parties) should have knowledge, skills and abilities provided by special basic education are required to assess sanitary, hygienic and environmental risks and to comply with the quality management system requirements for the stable operation of radiation medicine facilities.
Methods of biological waste management generated by patients
Authors: Vodovatov Alexander V.
Published: June 2021

The development of radiation medicine in the Russian Federation has resulted in the improvement of the regulatory and methodological framework for radiation safety regulation. The main obstacle for the development of radionuclide therapy in the Russian Federation is the liquid radioactive waste management (mainly urine and faeces of patients) generated during radionuclide therapy on an ambulatory basis (day patient department). The paper presents a brief analysis of the current domestic and international regulatory liquid radionuclide waste management documents. It has been shown that there is no strategy for solving the problem of utilizing biological waste from patients during radionuclide therapy. Long-term task for ensuring the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population of the Russian Federation could be the solution for the problem.
Review of the practice-based experience of radiopharmaceutical waste management in healthcare institutions
Authors: Donchenko Vladislav K. , Sakharov Vitaly A. , Sakharova Olga A.
Published: June 2021

The paper aims to review the latest requirements of regulatory acts and consider the practice-based experience of waste handling of radiopharmaceuticals in the Russian Federation. The issues of legislative regulation of waste management of radiopharmaceuticals are considered.
Epidemiology and survival rates of patients with malignant tumors in the Russian Federation
Authors: Merabishvili Vakhtang M.
Published: June 2021

Malignant tumors remain the most important public health problem in the world, being the second or even the leading cause of death in some countries. Cancer incidence is greatly influenced by the ever-increasing environmental hazards. Population-based Cancer Registries (PCRs) provide necessary data to monitor and assess cancer incidence. PCRs collect obligatory data on incidence rate with time series analysis, mortality and survival rates in patients diagnosed with malignant tumors. The study presents the results of the operation of PCRs as exemplified in the analysis of the PCR of Saint Petersburg and the Northwestern Federal District of the Russian Federation.
Prospective directions and problems of ensuring Radiation Safety in Radiation Medicine
Authors: Chipiga Larisa A.
Published: June 2021

The development of Radiation Medicine in the Russian Federation has resulted in the necessity to improve the regulatory and methodological support for ensuring Radiation Safety. Following the introduction of new diagnostics and therapy methods into practice, as well as the use of new radiopharmaceuticals, the actualization of radiation monitoring methods and the provision of radiological protection for patients, personnel and the public have become the most urgent tasks.

Radionuclide therapy with new radiopharmaceuticals, which can be used in the day patient departments, is one of the promising directions in the development of Russian Radiation Medicine. The main tasks of ensuring Radiation Safety in the departments of radionuclide therapy are the regulation of radioactive waste management, the development of discharge criteria after the administration of radiopharmaceuticals and methods for Internal Dosimetry.
Science research experience in the use of radiopharmaceuticals at the N.N. Petrov NMRC of Oncology
Authors: Krzhivitsky Pavel I.
Published: June 2021

Radionuclide diagnostics and therapy with open radionuclide sources are one of the most promising and fast-growing areas ofmodern oncology. The paper presents the main achievements of the N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, one of the leading departments of radionuclide diagnostics in Russia. Scientific and clinical results of using the new hybrid device in everyday clinical practice have been submitted. The advantages and opportunities of using hybrid SPECT-CT and PET-CT devices to diagnose different types of cancer, to assess the degree of its spread and to monitor the results of therapy have been demonstrated. The problems associated with the demand for new radiopharmaceuticals in practice have been highlighted. The need to simplify normative documents regulating the use of modern therapeutic radionuclide drugs has been substantiated.
FATTY LIVER DYSTROPHY MODELING BY USING STRONTIUM SULFATE
Authors: Ponamarev Vladimir S. , Lunegov Alexander M. , Lunegova Irina V. , Baryshev Victor A. , Zenkov Konstantin F.
Published: June 2021

In recent years, the problem of the increasing number of the hepatobiliary system disorders has acquired particular importance for veterinary medicine. These disorders have negative impact on normal physiology of an animal's body. It is important to continue the search for effective hepatoprotective agents. To test the pharmaceutical activity of new drugs, methods of modeling hepatopathies are constantly being improved. The study suggested a model of fatty liver dystrophy using strontium sulfate.
FADL HASEN ABBÂS’A GÖRE KUR’AN’IN EDEBÎ/BEYÂNÎ İ‘CÂZI
Authors: DİVLEKCİ Celalettin
Published: June 2021

Bu makale kadim ilim geleneğimizin son temsilcisi, aynı zamanda bir müfessir olan Fadl Hasen Abbâs’ın (1932-2011) edebî i‘câza dair görüşlerini ele alıp incelemektedir. Bu çerçevede nazım anlayışına, kelime, cümle, pasaj ve sûre düzeyinde olmak üzere Kur’an metninin tabiatına ilişkin tespitlerine yer verilmiştir. Ona göre Kur’an ideal bir metin yapısı arz etmektedir: Kur’an’da her kelime ve cümle, ikinci bir alternatifi düşünülemeyecek şekilde, olması gereken en uygun yere konulmuştur. Haddizatında Kur’an’ın i‘câzı da bu hususiyetinden kaynaklanır. Kur’an’da tekrar olmadığı gibi zâid bir harf de yoktur. Abbâs’ın edebî i‘câza dair görüşlerinin referans çerçevesinin Hattâbî, Bâkıllânî ve Cürcânî gibi i‘câz konusunda büyük eserler vermiş âlimler olduğu görülmektedir.
SÛFÎLERİN ŞİİRLERİNDEKİ SEMBOL ve İŞARETLER: HİCRİ YEDİNCİ YÜZYILA KADAR
Authors: İBİŞ Mustafa
Published: June 2021

Tarih, tasavvufa yön veren birçok önemli olaylara sahne olmuştur. Bunlar, aynı zamanda tasavvufu meydana getiren, geliştiren ve tekâmüle erdiren olaylardır. Bu anlamda, hicri yedinci yüzyıla kadar olan dönem, tasavvuf tarihi için önemli bir yer teşkil etmektedir. Bu dönem, tasavvuf şiirinin yaratıcılık hareketi için önemli bir yere sahiptir. Özellikle Hallâc-ı Mansûr ile başlayan şiirdeki yenilik hareketi, sonraki sûfî şairlere örneklik teşkil etmiştir. Bu yenilik, manaya yönelik olduğu kadar buna aracılık yapan dil ile de ilgilidir. Mutasavvıflar, kendilerini daha iyi ifade etmek için şiirlerinde birçok sanatsal yollara yönelmişlerdir. Başvurdukları ve fikirlerini en iyi anlatabildikleri araç ise şiirdeki sembollerdir. Bu semboller, onların manevi hallerini ve ruh âlemini dışa yansıtan dilsel araçlardır. Bu çalışmada, mutasavvıfların kullandıkları bu işaretler, beş kategoriye ayrılmıştır. Bunlar; Kadın, şarap, tabiat, mekân ve sayı ile harf sembolüdür. Bu semboller, gerek tasavvuf ilmine ve gerek şiire derinlik kattığı gibi diğer bilimlere de farklı ufuklar açmıştır. Bu durum aynı şekilde İslâm kültürü için paha biçilemez hazine mesabesinde bir zenginlik kaynağıdır.
FIKIH USULÜ ESERLERİNDE YER ALAN BÜYÜK GÜNAH KAVRAMI VE KAPSAMI
Authors: CANER Abdurrahman
Published: June 2021

Günah olgusu ilk insan ve ilk peygamber olan Hz. Âdem ile birlikte var olagelmiştir. Bütün din ve kültürlerde günahın varlığı kabul edilmiş; ancak işlenen günahların hepsi aynı kategoride değerlendirilmemiştir. Günahlar; kutsalla ilgili emir ve yasaklara ve toplumun sosyal tarafına bakan yönüyle kendi arasında farklı şekillerde derecelendirilmiştir. İslam hukukunda Allah’a ortak koşmak en büyük günah sayılmış, diğer günahlar da ilahi iradeyi yok sayma oranında, aynı zamanda fert ve topluma verdiği zarar ölçüsünde büyük ve küçük günahlar şeklinde ikili tasnife tabi tutulmuşlardır. Kelâm, Hadis, Tasavvuf ve Fıkıh Usûlü’nün ortak konularından olan büyük günah meselesi Fıkıh usulü eserlerinde; âm lafzın kapsamı, illetin tahsisi, ictihatta hata-isabet, ismetü’l-enbiyâ, adâlet ve fısk gibi farklı başlık ve kavramlarla bağlantılı olarak yer almıştır. Çalışmamızın amacı, fıkıh usulü eserlerinde yer alan büyük günah konusundaki yaklaşımları incelemek ve bu kapsamda değerlendirilmesi gereken fiiller için belirlenen ölçütleri tespit ederek zaman içerisinde oluşan yanlış algı ve uygulamaların giderilmesine katkı sunmaktır.
DİYANET İŞLERİ BAŞKANLIĞININ UZAKTAN KUR’AN ÖĞRETİMİ PROGRAMI ÜZERİNE NİTEL BİR ARAŞTIRMA (DENİZLİ ÖRNEĞİ)
Authors: ÖNCÜ Ali , ONULUR Tuğba
Published: June 2021

Bu çalışmada iki dönemdir devam etmekte olan uzaktan Kur’an öğretimi uygulamaları incelenmiştir. Böyle bir araştırma yapılmasının nedeni, pandemi koşulları sebebiyle zorunluluktan ortaya çıkan bu uygulamanın devamlı hale getirilmesinin mümkün olup olmadığının araştırılmasıdır. Çalışmada nitel araştırma desenlerinden durum araştırması deseni kullanılmıştır. Bu çerçevede Denizli İl Müftülüğüne bağlı olarak görev yapan on beş Kur’an Kursu öğreticisiyle derinlemesine mülakat yapılmıştır. Yapılan görüşmeler neticesinde uzaktan Kur’an öğretimi uygulamalarının sahip oldukları avantajlar ve dezavantajlar tespit edilmiştir. Katılımcıların ifade etmiş olduğu düşünceler neticesinde uzaktan Kur’an öğretimi uygulamasının olumlu yönleri olarak; Farklı öğrencilere ulaşma imkânının ortaya çıkması, esneklik, ders veren öğretici ile bire bir iletişim kurulması ve derse devamlılığın sağlanabilmesi gibi başlıklar tespit edilmiştir. Bu uygulamalarda karşılaşılan problemler ise; teknolojiden kaynaklı sorunlar, sanal ortamdan kaynaklanan duygusal iletişimsizlik, materyal kullanımı ile ilgili problemler, mahremiyet ve dikkat dağınıklığı ile ilgili sıkıntılar şeklinde sıralanabilir. Karşılaşılan bu problemlerin zaman içinde çözülmesinin mümkün olduğunu ve bu problemlerin yapısal değil teknik sebeplerden kaynaklandığını ifade etmek mümkündür. Sonuç olarak teknik problemlerin çözülmesi hatta bu uygulamaya özel bilgisayar programlarının geliştirilmesi, zaman içinde bu alanda branşlaşmaya gidilmesi, mesai saatlerinde çalışan ve evden çıkma imkânı bulamayanlar için esnek kurs programları oluşturulmasıyla uzaktan Kur’an öğretimi faaliyetlerinin çok önemli bir ihtiyaca cevap vereceği ve yaygın din eğitimi hizmetlerine yeni ve taze bir soluk getireceği görülmektedir.
Epidemiological Researches on Rice Blast Disease Caused by Pyricularia oryzae
Authors: AKÇALI Efkan , KURT Şener
Published: June 2021

In this study, the effects of temperature and the duration of leaf wetness on the development of rice blast disease caused by Pyricularia oryzae and the reactions of Edirne and Osmancık-97 rice cultivars against the disease were investigated under controlled environmental conditions. Rice cultivars Edirne and Osmancık-97 were inoculated with a conidial suspension (5x105 conidia ml-1) of P. oryzae and exposed to combinations of five different leaf wetness durations (from 6 to 30 h) and four different temperatures (20 to 32°C) over the course of infection period. Disease severity on cvs. Edirne and Osmancık-97 increased with increasing temperatures and hours of wetness duration. The highest disease severity was detected on plants exposed to a 30 h the leaf wetness duration at 28°C, While the lowest disease severity values were observed 6 h leaf wetness duration at 20°C temperature. Increased leaf wetness durations significantly increased disease severity at optimal temperature. But, it was observed that the all disease severity values on cultivar of Osmancık-97 lower than cv. Edirne at same temperatures and leaf wetness durations. In addition, a new and simple technique was developed to increase the sporulation capacity of the P. oryzae to provide enough inoculum quantity in the experiments by this study.
PROF. DR. HASAN ONAT’IN ALEVİLİK-BEKTAŞİLİKLE İLGİLİ GÖRÜŞLERİNE DAİR BİR İNCELEME
Authors: SARIKAYA Mehmet Saffet
Published: June 2021

Hz. Peygamberin vefatından sonra Müslümanlar din anlayışlarında farklılaştılar. Bu farklılıklar klasik dönemde mezhep ve tarikat modern dönemde cemaat adı verilen dini gruplar olarak kurumsallaştı. Türkiye’deki cemaatler büyük ölçüde tasavvufî geleneğe bağlı olarak ortaya çıkan dini gruplardır. Bu makalede önce yakın dönemde kaybettiğimiz İlahiyatçı akademisyen Prof. Dr. Hasan Onat Hocamızın tarikat ve cemaat gruplarıyla ilgili görüşleri, sonra cemaatleşme süreci yaşayan Alevilik-Bektaşilikle ilgili görüşleri incelenecektir. Onat, tarikat ve cemaatlerin Türkiye’de toplumun bir gerçekliği olduğunu kabul eder. O, tarikat cemaatleri dediği bu grupları olumlu ve olumsuz yönleriyle değerlendirir. Alevilik-Bektaşilik de bu gruplardan olmakla birlikte kendine has bir yapılanmaya sahiptir. Onat, Aleviliğin tarihi boyutunu, Hacı Bektaş Velî’ye nispet edilen Bektaşî tekkesi, Şeyh Safiyyüddin’e nispet edilen Erdebil tekkesini merkeze alarak inceler. O, Alevilik-Bektaşiliğin güncel sorunlarıyla ilgili de önemli bazı tespitler yaparak konuyu farklı çalışmalarında incelemiştir.
PROF. DR. HASAN ONAT’IN DÜŞÜNCE DÜNYASINDA DOĞADAN ESİNLENDİĞİ METAFORLAR
Authors: ALİBEKİROĞLU Fatmanur
Published: June 2021

Prof. Dr. Hasan Onat, din, bilim ve mezhep olgusunu, onlarla ilgili tezahürleri anlamak ve muhatapları için anlaşılır hale getirmek için anlatımlarında tabiattan esinlendiği birtakım metaforlar kullanmıştır. Müslümanların zihnindeki süreç algısını “nehir metaforu”; malumat-bilim ilişkisini “arı-bal metaforu”; mezheplerin oluşum sürecini ise “palamut metaforu” üzerinden açıklamıştır. İnsanlığı, doğanın dip seslerine kulak vermeye çağıran Onat’ın tabiatı keşifleri neticesinde oluşturduğu bu metaforlar, onun hayatı anlamlandırma süreci ile ilgili bizlere önemli ipuçları vermektedir. Bu çalışmada Hasan Onat’ın düşünce ve zihin dünyasında yer bulan üç önemli metafor üzerinde durulmuştur. Bu çerçevede Onat’ın sözlü anlatımlarını içeren ilmî mirası ile akademik çalışmalarındaki veriler bütüncül bir şekilde değerlendirilmeye gayret edilmiştir.
HASAN ONAT’IN DÜŞÜNCE DÜNYASINDAKİ TEMEL REFERANSLARI
Authors: HAKYEMEZ Cemil
Published: June 2021

Hasan Onat, merkezinde insanın olduğu, insanlığın ürettiği evrensel değerlerini de içerip modern dünyaya seslenebilecek yeni bir İslâm medeniyeti oluşturma gayreti içerisinde olan önemli bir İslâm âlimidir. Düşüncelerine müracaat ettiği yazarlara herhangi bir alana mensubiyetleri sebebiyle bir öncelik tanımamıştır. Çıktığı bu yolda ona destek sağlayabilecek tüm kaynakları ve iz bırakan fikirlerini, din, tarih, felsefe, psikoloji, genetik vb. demeden eleştirel bir yaklaşımla kullanmıştır. Geliştirmeye çalıştığı “İslâmî ilimlerde yeni bir usul” anlayışına uygun olarak her birini bütünün bir parçası olarak ilgili yere yerleştirmeye çalışmıştır. Bunları söylemlerine yansıtmaktan da sakınmamıştır. Bu amacına ulaşmada özellikle bilginin kaynakları, kitle psikolojisi ve tarih felsefesi gibi konulara bir hayli ağırlık vermiştir.
HASAN ONAT’A GÖRE İSLÂM MEZHEPLERİ VE MÜSLÜMANLAR ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİLER -SORUNLAR VE ÖNERİLER-
Authors: TOPALOĞLU Fatih
Published: June 2021

İslâm mezhepleri, dinin anlaşılmasındaki farklılaşmalarla belirli fikirlerin ya da şahısların etrafında teşekkül eden, zamanla kurumsallaşarak Müslümanların din ve hayat anlayışlarını derinden etkileyen beşerî oluşumlardır. Ancak yüzyıllar geçtikçe taraftarlarınca dinin kendisi olarak algılanmaya başlanan mezhepler, siyasi etkenlerle birlikte geçmişten günümüze Müslümanlar arasında anlaşmazlıkların, husumetlerin, çatışmaların ve savaşların sebebi haline gelmiştir. Günümüzde de maalesef İslâm dünyasında Müslümanlar arasında ayrılıklar ve çatışmalar yoğun bir şekilde devam etmektedir.
Bu makalenin amacı, Hasan Onat’ın görüşleri çerçevesinde, İslâm mezhepleri ve Müslümanlar arasındaki ilişkilerde yaşanan sorunların sebeplerini incelemek ve problemlerin çözümü için yapılması gerekenler konusunda öneriler sunmaktır. Makaleye girişte İslâm mezhepleri, taraftarları ve Müslümanların mevcut durumu incelenecek, birinci bölümde genel hatlarıyla itikadî ve siyasi mezhepler ve Müslümanlar arasındaki ilişkilerin bozulmasına, ayrışma ve çatışmaya yol açan belli başlı sebepler ortaya konulacak, ikinci bölümde ise Onat’ın Müslümanlar arasındaki problemlerin çözümü için sunduğu öneriler değerlendirilecektir.
BİR İSLAM RÖNESANSINA DOĞRU HASAN ONAT VE İSLAM’DA YENİDEN YAPILANMA
Authors: İŞCAN Mehmet Zeki
Published: June 2021

Hasan Onat’a göre İslam’da yeniden yapılanma, insanı merkeze alarak Tanrı, Kuran, nübüvvet ve ahiret konularını değerlendirmekle, İslam-vahiy ilişkisini, aklın hakimiyeti doğrultusunda dinamik hale getirmekle mümkün olacaktır.

Onat’a göre Kur’ân’ın yaratıcı bir şekilde anlaşılması için gerçek bir yöntem geliştirilememiştir. Bu nedenle yeniden yapılanmanın merkezinde Kur’ân’a dönüş yer almalıdır.

Onat’ta Kur’ân’a dönüş, insanın yeni bir hayat, yeni bir medeniyet yaratmasında kök değerler ve ahlaki ilkelerin tespit edilmesi anlamına gelmektedir. Kur’ân’ı anlama işi, dilsel ve teolojik olmaktan çok varoluşsal ve tarihseldir.

Onat’a göre dini yapılanmanın diğer bir unsuru dini düşünceye bilimsel zihniyetin hakim olmasıdır. Dinde eleştirel düşüncenin benimsenebilmesi, bilimin gücüne inanarak yaratıcı yeteneklerimizi etkin kılmaya bağlıdır.

İslam’ın siyasi meseleleri insana bırakmış olması, Kur’ân’ın bireyi muhatap alması, bir hukuk ya da siyaset kitabı özelliği göstermemesi, yeniden yapılanmanın temel parametrelerinden biridir. Onat’a göre din, demokrasi ve laiklik karşıtı bir renge büründürülemez. Bu noktada Onat, İslami düşünceyi, demokrasi ve laiklik kavramlarının modern konseptleri ile bağdaştırmak için reformlar önermektedir.
ELDİVAN’DAN “İLMİN EFELİĞİNE” BİR ÖMÜR: PROF. DR. HASAN ONAT
Authors: KUTLU Sönmez
Published: June 2021

Hasan Onat, Çankırı’nın Eldivan ilçesinde doğdu. İlköğretimini Eldivan Merkez İlkokulu’nda, liseyi yatılı olarak Yozgat Lisesi’nde bitirdi. 1974 yılında Ankara Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi’ne kayıt yaptırdı. Lise eğitiminden itibaren çok okuma, araştırma ve sorgulama alışkanlığı edindi; şiir ve öykü yazmaya başladı. İlahiyattaki başarıları, tecessüs ruhluluğu ve ilmî merakı Prof. Dr. E. Ruhi Fığlalı’nın dikkatini çekti ve onu Mezhepler Tarihi alanında doktoraya davet etti. Böylece Mezhepler Tarihi’nde araştırma görevlisi oldu. Doktorasını başarıyla bitirdikten sonra yardımcı doçentlik kadrosuna atandı. Doçentlik ve profesörlük kadrolarında görev yaptı. Yaklaşık kırk yıl fakültesinde alanında dersler verdi. Elliyi aşkın yüksek lisans ve doktora tezine danışmanlık yaptı. Maturidi-Yesevi Otağı Derneği tarafından 2 Eylül 2015 Safranbolu’da “İlmin Efesi Ödülü” ile ödüllendirildi. Kavramlar ve metaforlarla düşündü ve düşündürdü. Yıllarca sürdürdüğü radyo ve televizyon yapımcılığı ve sunuculuğu yaptı. İslam Mezhepleri Tarihi’nde kendinden öncekilerin fikir ve usulünü daha ileriye taşıması bakımından yeni bir çığır açtı. Alanında pek çok araştırma ve çeviri gerçekleştirdi. Din Kültürü ve Ahlak Bilgisi ders programlarının hazırlanmasında; İlahiyat programlarının yenilenmesinde önemli rol oynadı. Hasan Onat, “Kök Bilim Paradigması” adıyla İslam bilimlerinde yeni bir bilim paradigması ile “yeni bir İslam medeniyeti” tezini sistemleştirmek için çalıştı. Hasan Onat, Covid-19 illetine yakalandı ve 26.09.2020 tarihinde hayata veda etti.
Psychotropic Effects of Saffron: A Brief Evidence-based Overview of the Interaction Between a Persian Herb and Mental Health
Authors: Moradi Kamyar , Akhondzadeh Shahin
Published: June 2021

The article's abstract is not available.
Rituximab Administration in Coronavirus Pandemic Era: A Mini-Review of Clinical Evidence
Authors: Shamabadi Ahmad , Mahmoudi Hamidreza , Daneshpazhooh Maryam
Published: June 2021

Rituximab (RTX), as a B cell-depleting agent, is indicated in treating several malignancies and autoimmune diseases. The management of patients currently receiving RTX and patients starting the medication raised concerns in the pandemic era. Theoretically, suppressing the immune response at the beginning of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) enhances viral replication, but it prevents acute respiratory distress syndrome as the disease progresses. This review aims to investigate the results of RTX administration in patients during the pandemic era. There is insufficient evidence to definitively conclude on the safety of RTX during the pandemic. For this purpose, high-quality controlled cohort studies, as well as registry-based studies, would be helpful.
Measuring Patients’ Perceived Empathy of Clinical Nurses
Authors: Mohammadi Ali , Kamali Koorosh
Published: June 2021

Background: Empathy is the perception of patients’ feelings and experiences; in other words, nurses can understand their patients’ feelings by considering themselves in their position. Empathic relationship in patient care can lead to considerable interpersonal communication and as a result, better outcomes for patient health. Thus, the purpose of this study was to assess patients’ perceived empathy of clinical nurses. 
Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out at teaching hospitals of Zanjan city in 2018 -2019. A sample including 285 inpatients of teaching hospitals in Zanjan city were selected by systematic sampling.  To collect data, the Scale of Patient-Perceived Empathy from Nurses (SPPEN) was used. Descriptive statistics (Mean and frequency) and multivariate analyses were applied to describe empathy relationships with personal characteristics.
Results: The factor analysis on 15 items of SPPEN led to three factors with eigenvalue>1 that totally explained 74.5 percent of the variance. Three dimensions of nurses’ expression, patients’ feedbacks and patients’ expectations were identified as effective factors on patients’ perceived empathy. The mean score of overall SPPEN was at upper intermediate level (m=4.98). The mean score of overall SPPEN and its dimensions in young patients were higher than patients aged 45 years and over. Differences in mean scores of overall SPPEN and its dimensions (Except nurses’ expression) were statistically significant on the base of age characteristics (p<0.05). Furthermore, there were significant differences at mean scores of patients’ feedback and patients’ expectations dimensions on the base of inpatients ward variable (p<0.05). The highest mean score of patients’ feedbacks (5.34±1.05) and patients’ expectations (6.05±1.1) were related to gynecology and surgery wards, respectively.
Conclusion: The findings of the present study indicate that inpatients’ perception score of nurses’ empathy was at upper intermediate level. According to the findings, nurses’ empathy and communicative skills must be promoted by establishing training workshops for empathy development.
The Effectiveness of Integrative Behavioral Couple Therapy (IBCT) on Emotional Divorce of Couples: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Heidari Zahra , Ghamari Mohammad , Jafari Alireza , Armani Kian Alireza
Published: June 2021

Background: Some scientists consider emotional divorce as the first step in the divorce process, which means that the marital relationship is declining. Research shows the harmful physical and psychological effects of emotional divorce on couples. The present research was carried out to show the effectiveness of Integrative Behavioral Couple Therapy (IBCT) on emotional divorce among couples.
Methods: This was a quasi-experimental design study with a control group, including a pre-test, post-test and a 45-day follow up. The statistical population of this study was all couples referred to the family therapy clinic of Shahid Beheshti Psychiatric Hospital in Zanjan in 2020. Twenty couples were selected based on a score of eight or higher in a 24-item two-choice questionnaire on emotional divorce which was developed by Guttman in 1998. Next, participants were randomly divided into two groups of experimental and control. The experimental group received 11 weekly sessions of IBCT and each intervention session lasted for 120 minutes and the control group did not receive any intervention. Repeated measures ANOVA was used and data were analyzed by SPSS software V18.
Results: The results of ANOVA showed that there was a significant difference between  the control and experimental groups in the pre-test, post-test and follow-up (p<0.001). Therefore, it can be concluded that IBCT has reduced the emotional divorce of couples in the experimental group.
Conclusion: Results suggest that IBCT can be used as a treatment of choice for reduction of emotional divorce.
The Effect of Non-Invasive Mechanical Ventilation on Respiratory and Inflammatory Parameters in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: Hashemian Mohammad , Fakharian Atefeh , Zahiri Reyhaneh , Mortaz Esmaeil , Masjedi Mohammad Reza
Published: June 2021

Background: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is an airway obstructive disease that is often caused by smoking. The disease is currently the third leading cause of death worldwide. The current therapeutic approach is based on Non-Invasive Ventilation (NIV) therapy, which can reduce mortality, the need for hospitalization in the intensive care unit, and to some extent therapeutic complications. Therefore, this study was performed to determine the effect of non-invasive ventilation along with routine treatments on respiratory markers, inflammation, and clinical status of patients with COPD.
Methods: A total of 30 patients with COPD referred to Masih Daneshvari Hospital were divided into control and intervention groups. In the intervention group, 15 patients underwent non-invasive ventilation in addition to the usual treatments, and in the control group, the patients underwent only the usual treatments. After completing the mMRC (Modified Medical Research Council) questionnaire and evaluating FEV1 (Forced Expiratory Value in one score), 5 ml of blood samples were taken from these patients at the beginning of the study, on the seventh to tenth day, and also in the third month, and the results of this evaluation were compared between the two groups.
Results: Based on the results of this study, the mMRC score of the intervention group was significantly lower than the control group in the first week (p=0.043) and three months after treatment (p=0.049). However, indices such as FEV1, and IL-8(Interleukin-8) did not change significantly in both groups.
Conclusion: The use of non-invasive mechanical ventilation along with standard treatments can play a relative role in improving patient outcomes.
Needs of Spouses of Patients with Substance Use Disorder: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Soraya Shiva , Haghshenas Mandana , Ahmadkhaniha Hamid Reza , Azarnik Somayeh , MansourKiaei Hossein , Rassouli Saman , Seddigh Ruohollah
Published: June 2021

Background: The skill of adjusting and regulating the needs and adaptation are the most fundamental abilities of family members. Since substance use related disorders create serious health threats and cost burdens for family, it is important to investigate the needs of spouses of these patients. Regarding the wide spectrum of needs based on previous researches, the psychiatric needs were the focus in this study. By evaluating the needs, the executives of social services can better determine the basic needs of patients and their family members.
Methods: This is a qualitative study applying a content analysis approach. Based on the objectives of this research, purposeful sampling was done and continued until information saturation. In total, 16 spouses of patients using substance were interviewed. Initial interviews began with guiding questions and the probing questions were applied in the following interviews. Participants’ emotions were coded and codes with similar concepts were placed together in one category and subcategories were created.
Results: After conducting 16 in-depth interviews, 38 initial codes were obtained and categorized into 6 key concepts (Neglecting the reciprocal roles and rights, lack of responsibility, lack of motivation, psychiatric changes due to substance use, feelings of insecurity, and defective communication).
Conclusion: The present study paves the way in better understanding of the needs of the spouses of patients with substance use disorder, and enables the specialists in this area to adjust the treatment according to each individual patient and evaluate emerging patient related issues and challenges as well. Substance dependence, in addition to making problems for the individual and the society, leads to unsatisfied needs of close family members and acquaintances. In other words, treatment will be more effective if each patient is recognized individually, the family is educated, and family-level interventions are provided.
Associations between Dietary Acid Load and Migraine Headache Severity and Duration among Women: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Askarpour Moein , Sheikhi Ali , Khorsha Faezeh , Togha Mansoureh , Mirzaei Khadijeh
Published: June 2021

Background: Migraine is considered the most common cause of long-term disability in under-50s, which can lead to unbearable pain and neurological dysfunction. Many factors, especially dietary factors, are suggested to trigger migraine headaches. The present study aimed to examine the association between diet-dependent acid load and severity and duration of headaches among migraine patients.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a sample of 266 women (18-45 years) with history of migraine headaches was enrolled. Dietary data was collected by using a validated Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). Then, diet-dependent acid load indices including Potential Renal Acid Load (PRAL) and Net Endogenous Acid Production (NEAP) were calculated for the participants. For all cases, anthropometric measurements and headache duration were assessed. Headache severity was determined by Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and Migraine Disability Assessment (MIDAS) questionnaires.
Results: In this study, individuals with higher PRAL (OR=1.87, 95% CI=1.19-2.96, p=0.007) and NEAP (OR=1.58, 95% CI=1.02-2.44, p=0.03) scores were 87 and 58%, respectively, more likely to have severe headaches. Moreover, our results showed a significant direct correlation between PRAL (β=0.14, 95% CI=0.56-2.94, p=0.04) and NEAP (β=0.18, 95% CI=0.45-3.34, p=0.01) scores and headache duration of participants.
Conclusion: The present study showed that higher diet-dependent acid load scores may be associated with higher headache severity and duration in migraine patients.
Frequency of Unconventional Treatment Use in Psychiatric Patients
Authors: Yousefi Elaheh , Bahramian Alaleh , Najarzadehgan Mohammad Reza , Keshavarz Akhlaghi Amir Abbas , Alavi Kaveh , Jalali Nadoushan Amir Hossein
Published: June 2021

Background: This study was conducted to determine the frequency of unconventional treatment use by psychiatric patients in Tehran.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 404 patients diagnosed with psychiatric disorders were studied. The participants responded to a checklist and filled a questionnaire about their demographic characteristics.
Results: Simultaneous use of conventional and unconventional treatment was seen in 39.4% of patients, and among them, herbal therapy was the most common type (20.5%). No relationship was observed between patient satisfaction and the use of such treatment (p=0.347).
Conclusion: There is a high frequency of unconventional treatment use in psychiatric patients. However, the exact reasons for patients’ tendency towards such approach and also advantages and disadvantages of its application need more investigation.
Factors Associated with False Negative and False Positive RT-PCR Test Results for COVID-19 Detection
Authors: Hakimi Shirin
Published: June 2021

The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has spread rapidly and developed the current pandemic and the stressful lifestyle in addition with extreme pressure on people was the consequence of its increasing mortality rate. Since COVID-19 is highly infectious, it is crucial to diagnose the disease timely and initiate preventive measures to control the epidemic. Therefore, the need for accurate detection of this virus has been increased dramatically. Real-Time reverse-transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) tests are considered a gold standard to detect SARS-CoV-2 RNA. Besides, the recent pandemic has posed the most serious challenge in PCR applications to date. Although RT-PCR has great accuracy, some factors can reduce the efficiency of this test. Time of testing and type of sample are typical elements that may cause false negative results. Furthermore, false positive cases would be the result of contamination and unoptimized primers. In this paper, the relevant factors creating false positive and false negative results have been investigated in depth to increase the awareness of clinicians.
Subacute Lung Injury Associated with Heated Tobacco Products
Authors: SAYIN GÜLENSOY Esen , YÜKSEL Aycan , OGAN Nalan , UMUDUM Haldun , AKPINAR Evrim
Published: June 2021

Heated tobacco products release nicotine without burning tobacco with an electronically controlled heating system. 56-year-old male patient admitted with sudden onset of chest pain and shortness of breath. He had been using a heated tobacco product (I quit ordinary smoking, IQOS) for 2.5 years. Thoracic computed tomography scan revealed pleural-based atelectasis and fibroatelectatic changes in the lower lobe of the right lung, pleural fluid in the right upper lobe, fibroatelectatic changes and pleural thickening in the left lung. Biopsy taken with video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) showed lymphoid aggregation in nodular form and widespread anthracosis around the lung, fibrillar material that double-refracting the light in the alveoli, hyaline membrane-like material in the alveoli, type 2 pneumocyte hyperplasia, an interstitial organization, and a subacute lung injury picture with exogenous lipoid material. These findings were evaluated in accordance with toxic substance-induced chemical pneumonia. It was thought that it might be related to 2.5 years of using heated tobacco product.
Trombose, Hemorragia e Trombocitopenia Induzidas pelas Vacinas contra a COVID-19: Protocolo de Atuação
Authors: Morais Sara , Cruz Eugénia
Published: June 2021

Após a generalização da vacinação contra a COVID-19, foram relatados efeitos adversos como trombose, hemorragia e trombocitopenia. Recentemente, após vacinação, foi reconhecido um síndrome raro e com mortalidade elevada, caraterizado por uma combinação não usual de trombocitopenia e trombose, em particular trombose dos seios venosos cerebrais, com muitas semelhanças com a trombocitopenia induzida pela heparina. Foram desenvolvidas diferentes recomendações na definição, diagnóstico e tratamento destas raras complicações. Apresentamos aqui, um protocolo de atuação baseado na evidência atual.
Otantik Öğrenme Yaklaşımının Sosyal Bilgiler Dersinde 21.Yüzyıl Öğrenme ve Yenilenme Becerilerinin Gelişimine Etkisi
Authors: YILDIRIM Ramazan , ORTAK Şaban
Published: June 2021

Bu araştırmada, otantik öğrenme yaklaşımının sosyal bilgiler dersinde uygulanmasının 21. yüzyıl öğrenme ve yenilenme becerilerinin gelişimine etkileri araştırılmıştır. Araştırmada ön test – son test kontrol gruplu yarı deneysel desen kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubu, 6. sınıf seviyesinde öğrenim gören 50 öğrenciden oluşmuştur. Bu kapsamda aynı sınıf seviyesinde biri deney (n=28) diğeri kontrol (n=22) grubu olmak üzere yansız atama ile iki grup oluşturulmuştur. Deney ve kontrol gruplarındaki öğrencilerin benzer özelliklere sahip öğrencilerden oluşması için denkleştirme işlemi yapılmıştır. Araştırmada 21.Yüzyıl Öğrenme ve Yenilenme Becerileri Ölçeği (21ÖYBÖ) ön test olarak uygulandıktan sonra yarı deneysel işleme geçilmiştir. Dersler, deney grubunda otantik öğrenme yaklaşımına uygun yöntemlerle kontrol grubunda ise ders kitabındaki yönergeler doğrultusunda işlenmiştir. Yarı deneysel işlem sonrası deney ve kontrol gruplarına 21ÖYBÖ son testler olarak uygulanmış ve sonuçlar karşılaştırılarak yorumlanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde ilişkili örneklemler için bağımlı gruplar t-testi, ilişkisiz örneklemler için bağımsız gruplar t-testi kullanılmıştır. Deneysel işlem sonucunda, deney ve kontrol grubunda yer alan öğrencilerin 21ÖYBÖ son test puanlarında deneysel işlem öncesine göre puan artışları meydana gelmiştir. Deney grubundaki öğrencilerin puan artışları kontrol grubundan daha fazla olmuştur. Ancak iki grubun son test puanlarında istatistiksel olarak fark bulunamamıştır. Deney grubundaki öğrencilerin ölçeğin yaratıcılık ve yenilenme becerileri alt boyutundan elde ettikleri son test puanları, ön test puanlarından istatistiksek olarak anlamlı biçimde farklılaşmıştır. Böylece sosyal bilgiler derslerinin otantik öğrenme yaklaşımına uygun süreçlerle işlenmesinin yaratıcılık ve yenilenme becerilerinin gelişimine katkı sağladığı tespit edilmiştir.
Aplikasi Teknik Evaluasi Pada Pembelajaran Akidah Akhlak Di Madrasah Aliyah Negeri
Authors:   UII Yogyakarta, Yunianto Herman , Nuryanta Nanang ,   UII Yogyakarta
Published: June 2021

The limited opportunity for teachers to apply evaluation on akidah akhlak subject in madrasah is one of the reasons this research was conducted. This study aims to determine the implementation of cognitive, affective, and psychomotor evaluation techniques on akidah akhlak subject s for class XI of the Religious Program in MAN 3 Sleman. This research use a qualitative approach; purposive and snowball sampling for determining data sources; observations, interviews, and documentation for collecting data; triangulation of sources, techniques, and time for testing the validity of the data; as well as data reduction, display data and conclusions drawing for analyzing data. The results showed that the techniques used in the evaluation of akidah akhlak subject were: (a) cognitive aspects including: written tests, oral tests, and assignments using multiple choice assessment instruments and descriptions, (b) the affective aspect uses observation techniques using a Likert scale, thrustone, guttman, and interest measurement, and (c) psychomotor aspects include: practical techniques and portfolios.
Kontribusi Teori Etika Al-ghazali Untuk Pendidikan Orang Dewasa
Authors:   Pascasarjana Universitas Al-Azhar, Kairo, Karim Abdul
Published: June 2021

Akhlak (morality) is one of the three basic frameworks of islamic teachings (akidah, syari'ah and akhlak) which have important position. Moral expression is concrete evidence of the application and embodiment of aqidah and syari'ah, thus, represents the quality of Muslim’s faith. This research is a qualitative research conducted with literature study. This study seeks to explain the ethical concept of al-Ghazali and its application in the world of adult education, as explained by al-Ghazali in his works. The author limited the writings of al-Ghazali which are used as the basis for this research study, only to works written in the last years of his life, especially when he lived life as a Sufi. This research found that al-Ghazali divided adult education methods into two, general and specific. The general method applies to everyone and the specific method applies specifically to everyone based on the results of self-introspection.
Pendidikan Akhlaq Pendakwah Dalam Surat Maryam Ayat 41-50 Menurut Tafsir Fathul Qodir
Authors:   MIAI, UII Yogyakarta, Al Faruqi Muhammad Utama
Published: June 2021

Da'wah is one of the pillars of upholding the noble religion of Islam. As a form of worship for the perpetrators, and a way of calling out the truth to people outside of Islam, or who are in Islam. So, it is very necessary to have serious attention in instilling the characteristics of the da'wah implementers, or the preachers. Especially in their morality, as one of the most important assets in the success of the da'wah. Given that in the present era, there are so many people who dedicate themselves to da'wah, but in reality, they are the ones who destroy the image of Islam and the preaching itself with their bad behavior and morals. In the Al Quran, in Surah Maryam verses 41 to 50, the dialogue of the Prophet Abraham - 'alayhis salam - is narrated as one of the most important role models for preachers across generations. The preacher must have intellectual and emotional intelligence, must be patient and elegant. Without criticizing and making people run away from the religion. In fact, the characteristics of Muslims in Indonesia are the characteristics of being gentle, friendly, and cooperative. These findings contribute to the preachers so that what they preach brings many benefits, not harm.
Pengaruh Fasilitas Laboratorium Terhadap Minat Belajar Mahasiswa Program Studi Ekonomi Islam UII
Authors:   Prodi Ekonomi Islam, UII, Yogyakarta, Nahsrullah Mochammad Rizal , Tulasmi Tulasmi ,   Prodi Ekonomi Islam, UII, Yogyakarta, Yuniawan Ryan ,   Prodi Ekonomi Islam, UII, Yogyakarta
Published: June 2021

Educational facilities are one of the supports in improving the quality of education. One of the educational facilities deemed necessary to support education is a laboratory and one of the disciplines that requires a laboratory to support learning is Islamic Economics. The urgency of the laboratory as a means of learning is widely recognized by educational stakeholders, through regulations that have been made by many educational institutions competing to create and develop laboratories, in addition to supporting learning and facilities for students, another reason is that regulations require educational institutions to be have a laboratory. This study aims to analyze the role and influence of the laboratory of the Islamic economics study program on student interest in the Islamic economics study program. This study uses a quantitative method with data obtained through distributing questionnaires to 277 students of Islamic Economics study program. The collected data were then analyzed using linear regression method with SPSS software. The results of this study indicate that laboratory facilities have a positive and significant effect on student interest in learning. This shows that if the laboratory facilities are improved, student interest in learning will increase.