bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
RILEM TC 277-LHS report: a review on the mechanisms of setting and hardening of lime-based binding systems
Authors: Alvarez J. I. , Veiga R. , Martínez-Ramírez S. , Secco M. , Faria P. , Maravelaki P. N. , Ramesh M. , Papayianni I. , Válek J.
Published: March 2021

The main objective of RILEM TC LHS-277 “Specifications for testing and evaluation of lime-based repair materials for historic Structures” is the revision, adaption and, when necessary proposal, of the test methods to accurately study lime-based binding systems and mixtures, such as mortars and grouts. The empiric use of the lime-based composites and the predominant employ of cement in the field of Civil Engineering have led to the widespread application of test methods developed for cement-based composites to test the former. However, the clear differences in composition and performance between modern cement binders and lime-based materials would advise to explore specific test methods for the latter. To undertake this task the previous knowledge on the mechanisms of setting and hardening of these binders must be revised, arranged and synthesized. Processes such as drying, carbonation, hydration and pozzolanic reaction may occur during the setting and hardening of lime-based mortars and competition between them cannot be underestimated. With the aim of underpinning the revision and proposal of test methods for lime-based systems, this review paper reports a comprehensive study of the mechanisms of setting and hardening of these binders, considering the variability of the composition, which includes pure air lime as well as lime with hydraulic properties, lime-cement and lime-pozzolan systems.
Incidence of Third Trochanter in Human Femora and It’s Morphometry in Indian Population
Authors:   Third year MBBS Student, ESIC Medical College & PGIMSR, Rajajinagar, Bangalore, Karnataka, India., Sadaf Salma , Padmalatha K  ,   Associate Professor, ESIC Medical College & PGIMSR, Rajajinagar, Bangalore, Karnataka, India., Dasegowda Giridhar ,   Third year MBBS Student, ESIC Medical College & PGIMSR, Rajajinagar, Bangalore, Karnataka, India., Belaguthi Priyanka Prasanna Kumar ,   Third year MBBS Student, ESIC Medical College & PGIMSR, Rajajinagar, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
Published: March 2021

Background: The third trochanter is an osseous-cartilaginous-tendinous complex. It is a term used for a prominent oval structure usually confined under the greater trochanter in the superior end of gluteal tuberosity. The third trochanter results from increased pull of the gluteus maximus. The third trochanter gives the muscle better grip, helps to alter the direction of tendon and improves effective function. Purpose of the study: The present study was undertaken to compare the incidence of the third trochanter in human femora with other series and to correlate with its morphometry. Materials and Methods: 56 dry human femurs (28 each of right and left side) of unknown age and sex were obtained from fellow undergraduate students at ESIC Medical College and PGIMSR, Bangalore, Karnataka, India. Trochanters with damaged upper ends were excluded from the study. After careful examination two femurs were excluded and the rest were subjected to identification of third trochanter. Results: The incidence of the third trochanter in the present study was 14.28% with the right side predominant (10.71%). The mean length and width were 17.87mm and 7mm respectively. The femurs with the third trochanter were found to have better developed greater trochanter and all the osteometric measurements were found to be higher compared to the ones without. No significant difference was noted in the morphometric indices, as all the osteometric measurements were uniformly increased. Conclusion: This study was performed to increase the understanding of this post-cranial non metric trait on Indian population because of scarcity of information on this variation of human femora. We find the incidence more on the right side indicative of dominant side in most people. The femurs were uniformly bulkier as seen in better built human femurs. Hence, it is a change to meet the functional demands. KEY WORDS: third trochanter, trochanter, femur, morphometry, gluteus maximus, bony projection, non-metric variant, post-cranial.
The prevalence of absent anterior facet of the calcaneus and a suggested convention for the naming of the configuration of the superior facets of the calcaneus
Authors:   DPM (Doctor of Podiatric Medicine), private practice, podiatric medicine, 1834 South Stewart Avenue, Springfield, Missouri, USA. 65804., McShane Patrick Anderson
Published: March 2021

Background: The superior surface of the human calcaneus will frequently demonstrate 3 articular facets for articulation with the talus: the posterior, middle and anterior facets. All calcanei possess a posterior and middle facet. However, not all calcanei possess an anterior facet. The main purpose of this article is to identify by literature review the prevalence of calcanei which do not have an anterior facet. With review, the discrepancy by authors in nomenclature for the various types of facets on the superior surface of the calcaneus becomes quite evident. Thus, a secondary purpose of this article is to recognize the need for a standard naming convention and propose an intuitive naming scheme for the calcaneal facet types. Results: Of the 41 articles reviewed which are written in the English language and which describe absent anterior facet as a calcaneal facet type, the prevalence of calcanei lacking an anterior facet ranges from 3.3% to 4.9%. This difference in prevalence reporting depends on whether one allows “small anterior facet” specimens to be included in the total Type 3 (absent anterior facet) count. The prevalence also depends on whether data is included if an article could be considered an outlier. The total range of prevalence of absent anterior facet varies by article from 0% to 18%. Conclusion: The prevalence of absent calcaneal anterior facet is approximately 4%. Studies in the future are needed to determine whether the absent anterior facet is 1) a normal finding, 2) is helpful for the foot, or 3) is pathologic for the foot. A visually intuitive naming system of the types of calcaneal facets is proposed so as to reduce confusion in this field of study, therefore likely reducing errors. KEY WORDS: Absent anterior facet, calcaneal facet configuration, calcaneal facet types, subtalar joint.
The Functioning of the Kolkhoz System in Western Siberia in the Late 1930s
Authors:   Institute of History SB RAS, Ilinykh Vladimir
Published: March 2021

The article reconstructs specific features of нhe kolkhoz system functioning in Western Siberia in 1935–1937. This system has been analyzed within the context of agricultural policies of the Soviet State. The author determines dynamics and factors of organization of agricultural industry. Conclusion of the article is that the main causes of the low rates of agricultural development were campaign to limit personal household farms and significant increase of taxation on collective farms.
Development of Gold Resources of the Firm «M.A. Kokovin and I.A. Basov» in North-Eastern Siberia at the Beginning of the XX Century on Materials of the Merchant Correspondence
Authors:   Irkutsk State University, Kushnareva Margarita
Published: March 2021

The article explores the problems of the development of gold resources by «M.A. Kokovin and I.A. Basov» based on data from merchant correspondence. Analysis of previously not published and not put into scientific circulation merchant correspondence of representatives of the trading house «MA. Kokovin and I.A. Basov» allows to explore the features of the organization of gold exploration in remote areas of North-East Siberia during the modernization of the Russian economy.
Machine and Tractor Park of State Farms Eastern Siberia in the First Post-War Years (According to Consolidated Annual Reports)
Authors:   Ural State Law University, Motrevich Vladimir
Published: March 2021

Changes in the number and structure of the machine and tractor fleet of state farms in Eastern Siberia in the 1946–1950–ies are investigated data on the productivity of tractors and combines and the volume of work performed by them are given. It is shown that in General, by the end of the fourth five–year plan, the state farm machinery and tractor fleet corresponded to its level on the eve of the war.
The Social Situation of Indigenous Peoples in Eastern Siberia in 1985–1991
Authors:   Bratsk State University, Kudashkin Vyacheslav
Published: March 2021

The article deals with the national policy towards the small indigenous peoples of Eastern Siberia and the practice of the Soviet state in solving the social problems of the studied peoples during the perestroika period of the Russian state.
Personnel Problems of the «Burmongolles» Trust in the Years of the Great Reporting War
Authors:   Buryat State University, Sanzhieva Tatiana
Published: March 2021

The article is devoted to personnel problems in the forest industry of Buryatia during the Great Patriotic War. In wartime conditions, experienced forestry workers who went to the front were replaced by women, retirees, and war invalids with no special training. In this regard, military production tasks were not always carried out. In wartime conditions, such a situation was unacceptable, therefore, measures were taken to eliminate the shortcomings that arose.
Evacuation of the Temporary Main Department of the Russian Society of the Red Cross From Omsk to Irkutsk in Autumn 1919
Authors:   Irkutsk Sstate University, Shalamov Vladimir
Published: March 2021

By the fall of 1919, it became clear that the army of Admiral Kolchak could not defend his capital, Omsk. The evacuation of government agencies begins. The interim headquarters of the Russian Red Cross Society is leaving East from Omsk one of the last. During the evacuation, the place of arrival was designated — Irkutsk. However, the management failed to fully deploy and immediately after the December events of 1919 it was disbanded.
Organization of Charity and Philanthropy in Selenginsky District of the Trans-Baikal Region During the First World War: Interaction Between the Government and the Public
Authors:   Chita Institute of Baikal State University, Sevostyanova Elena
Published: March 2021

The article considers the implementation of the policy of charity of families of mobilized in Selenga county; forms and rates of organization of urban and rural guardianship; creation, basic principles and forms of charitable activities of the Selenga County Commission of the regional Zabaikalsky Department of the Committee of Elizaveta Fyodorovna. The total number of charitable and Trustee associations was revealed. The main trends of social care after February 1917 are defined.
Elections in Irkutsk Region: Growing Opportunities Civil Activity
Authors:   Baikal State University, Shirokov Ivan
Published: March 2021

The elections in the Irkutsk region are examined from the point of view of the growth of civic activity based on social studies and on the basis of published materials and facts. The significance of the transformation of traditional elective procedures and rules is reflected.
Civil Aviation of the Irkutsk Region in the Conditions of the Reformed Economy in 1990–2005
Authors:   School № 11, Urozhaeva Tatiana
Published: March 2021

In the article the author analyzes the state of Affairs in the regional civil aviation. The industry has actually lost a mass domestic passenger, gradually acquired the status of an elite mode of transport. The financial situation remained on the verge of bankruptcy. Flights to such large cities as Bratsk, Ust-Ilimsk, Ust-Kut were reduced to a minimum. And in Bodaibo and Kirensk could fly no more than once a week. Without state support and their own profits outdated fleet, navigation and other equipment.
Russia and Mongolia at a New Stage of Interaction
Authors:   Institute of Mongolian, Buddhist and Tibetan Studies, Russian Academy of Science, Siberian Branch, Batunaev Eduard
Published: March 2021

The article is devoted to the study of Russian-Mongolian interaction at the present stage. The work also studied the development of Soviet-Mongolian relations in the 1921–1990s. The author concluded about the need to deepen bilateral relations.
Constructing the Processes of a Person’s Identification and Self-Identification Within a Naturalistic Approach
Authors:   Novorossiysk Branch of the Krasnodar University of the Ministry of the Interior of Russia (Novorossiysk, Russian Federation), Petrakova Anna S.
Published: March 2021

Issues of identity formation affect the essential foundations of human being in the world. The identification processes carried out by a person allow him/her to self-determine in society, to understand his/her own place in the structure of social relations and the purpose of his/her life. To date, science has no unambiguous understanding of the essence of identification. In this regard, this article is aimed at identifying the bases and factors of the processes of identification. In this study, the author mainly used a naturalistic approach to the understanding of the processes of identification, since it offers the basis for identification to consider the individual need of a person for self-determination. Based on the methods of comparative analysis, synthesis, generalization and abstraction, the basic concepts on the problem of identification were compared, the general and the specific in the points of view of various authors were identified, which contributed to a more thorough and detailed study of the phenomenon of identification. Identification is a process of interaction with the external, mainly social environment, during which a person identifies with objects and phenomena of the external world. The basis of identification, as shown by the study of most of the concepts available in science, is the human need for self-recognition. It is this need that initiates the process itself. However, in the course of identification, the sociocultural context plays a crucial role, in which a person recognizes oneself in others by searching for common foundations of being. In turn, selfidentification allows comparing the components of oneself with each other via thought communication. In unity, the processes of identification and self-identification form the identity of a person, both to oneself and to society. Identity initiates behavioral manifestations. In itself, it is unstable, since it is influenced by the external social environment. Identification can occur both for several reasons, and for many. Moreover, the sense of identity can be both actual, based on the analysis of the qualities of objects of the external world and their comparison with their own characteristics, and fictitious, formed as a result of inspiring the individual to be convinced of similarity. In the latter case, we are talking about manipulation. Identity is a prerequisite for the successful socialization of an individual, as it allows not only identifying identity with society, but also realizing its integrity and isolation from it. All this allows a person to function and develop harmoniously. The materials of the article are of practical value, since they can be used as a theoretical and methodological basis for the further development of the problem of personal identification in the framework of sociophilosophical or wider humanitarian research.
Sustainable Development in International Law: History, Normative Consolidation and Value for the Legal Protection of the Baikal World Heritage Site
Authors:   Irkutsk State University (Irkutsk, Russian Federation), Kolobov Roman Yu. ,   East-Siberian Branch of the Russian State University of Justice(Irkutsk, Russian Federation), Makritskaia Elena D. ,   Irkutsk State University (Irkutsk, Russian Federation), Ditsevich Yaroslava B. ,   Irkutsk Law Institute (Branch) of the University of the Prosecutor’s Office of the Russian Federation (Irkutsk, Russian Federation), Shornikov Dmitry V. ,   Irkutsk State University (Irkutsk, Russian Federation)
Published: March 2021

The article continues the study of the international legal basis of the regime of legal protection of Lake Baikal, supported by the RFBR grant (Project No. 20-011-00618). The origin of the category “sustainable development” is revealed, and the main stages of the formation of perceptions of sustainable development are noted. Particular attention is paid to the basic ideas of the report “Our Common Future”, also known as the Bruntland Commission report. Two components of sustainable development under this instrument are noted: needs (present and future generations) and constraints. The normative integration of the concept of sustainable development into international instruments is analysed: the Rio Declaration on Environment and Development (Rio Declaration); the Millennium Development Goals; The Future We Want, the outcome document of the 2012 Conference on Sustainable Development; and the sustainable development goals of 2015. A separate block of research is the criticism of the concept of sustainable development developed both in Western (D. Carruthers, I. Bluhdorn, L. Tulloch) and in the domestic (M.M. Brinchuk) doctrine of environmental law. Based on the results of the analysis of the concept, it is concluded that the concept should be used primarily for the organic development of settlements located within the Lake Baikal Natural Territory. In the system of sustainable development goals, the issue of settlement development is addressed in Goal No. 11. In addition, the conclusions of the UN Conference on Housing and Sustainable Development (Habitat 3) have considerable potential. The article reviews Habitat Outcome Document 3 The New Urban Agenda, briefly compares it with the documents of previous UN-Habitat conferences, describes the content of the New Urban Agenda, identifies the basic principles of sustainable human settlement development, and addresses criticisms of the document analysed in the article. In the final part of the article, the authors analyse the documents on the territorial development of settlements located within the boundaries of the Lake Baikal Natural Territory. The conclusion is formulated that the principles of the New Urban Agenda should be incorporated into the development plans of the above-mentioned settlements, in particular, the principles of the development and introduction of indicators of urban sustainability. A number of proposals are made to reflect the principles of sustainable development in such documents.
Removal of Methylene Blue by Adsorption onto Activated Carbon From Coconut Shell (Cocous Nucifera L.)
Authors: Khuluk Rifki Husnul , Rahmat Ali , Buhani Buhani , Suharso Suharso
Published: March 2021

This research has been conducted on process of production activated carbon from coconut shells, which are activated both physics and chemistry to improve the adsorption of methylene blue. The process of physical activation was done by burning the coconut shell using a furnace at a temperature of 700°C. The chemical activation was done using H3PO4 activator. The result of activated carbon physical activation (CAP) has a greater absorbency than activated carbon chemical activation (CAC) with each of the absorption of methylene blue at 99.42 and 98.64%. Analysis of surface morphology on the adsorbent was performed using a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). SEM results indicated that (CAP) has a surface morphology that is relatively similar to commercial activated carbon (CACm). Adsorption test was conducted on the determination of the optimum pH, adsorption rate, and isotherm adsorption of methylene blue. The results of the optimum pH on CAC, CAP, and CACm respectively obtained at pH 8 and the optimum contact time is obtained respectively at 40, 60, and 80 minutes. Adsorption kinetics data of methylene blue on CACm, CAP, and CAC tend to follow the pseudo second order kinetics with a correlation coefficient (R2) is 0.937; 0.950; and 0.999, respectively. Adsorption isotherm of methylene blue on CACm, CAP, and CAC tend to follow the model of Freundlich isotherms.
Synthesis and Application of a Sulfonated Carbon Catalyst for a Hydrolisis Reaction
Authors: Efiyanti Lisna , Indrawan Dian Anggraini , Arif Zulhan , Hutapea Devandri , Septina Ane Dwi
Published: March 2021

Biomass, such as wood waste, is one of the resources that can be potentially converted into a carbon product for catalyst applications. In this study, the sulfonated carbon was obtained through the pyrolysis method for wood waste at the temperature of 350°C, which was later sulfonated through the use of  H2SO4 (8N) on the reflux for 4 h. The sulfonated carbon was then analyzed and characterized including its water content, ash content, volatile matter, fixed carbon, iodine adsorption as well as the H+ (acidity) capacity using ammonia adsorptions and functional groups and the Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) instrument. The catalyst application was carried out during the kempili pulp hydrolysis process using a microwave with the ratio of catalyst to a pulp of 1:1 (5g:5g), with the power conditions of 300, 400, and 600 watt for 3, 5, and 7 min. The results showed that the sulfonated carbon catalyst had water content, volatile matter, ash content, fixed carbon, iodine adsorption as well as the catalyst acidity as much as 3.48%; 11.70%; 4.21%; 84.62%; 690.88 mg/g; and 6.45 mmol/g, respectively with the highest glucose content of 160.83 ppm. The carbon-based catalyst is expected as an alternative catalyst, can be further developed for hydrolysis reactions, and can serve as a green technology product in the future.
The Comparison of Electrodialysis and Nanofiltration in Nitrate Removal from Groundwater
Authors: Touir J , Kitanou S , Zait M , Belhamidi S , Belfaquir M , Tahaikt M , Taky M , Elmidaoui A
Published: March 2021

Nitrate groundwater contamination is of major interest all over the world. This problem arises in agricultural regions across Morocco. An excess amount of nitrate causes a serious problem in urban water networks and human health. Because of these health risks, considerable attention has been paid to find effective treatment processes to reduce nitrate concentrations to safe levels. The World Health Organization has set an acceptable level for nitrate in drinking water at 50 mg/L. The aim of this study is to reduce the nitrate concentration from groundwater using two membrane processes: Electrodialysis (ED) and Nanofiltration (NF). Efficiencies of these two technologies are compared in respect to nitrate ions removal, cost process and final quality of water. The results of technologies show that, for electrodialysis standards level can be achieved for a demineralization rate of 15% and the physico-chemical quality of the produced water is satisfactory. For nanofiltration we obtain a nitrate removal of 90% but the produced water is very de-mineralized and must be remineralized.
Comparison of corneal power estimated by IOL master and manual keratometry
Authors:   Associate Professor, Department of Ophthalmology, Santhiram Medical College and General Hospital, Nandyal, Kurnool, Andhra Pradesh, India, Kumar Dr. P. Sanjeeva , Sreevathsala Dr. T. ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Ophthalmology, Santhiram Medical College and General Hospital, Nandyal, Kurnool, Andhra Pradesh, India, Tejaswini Dr. M. ,   MBBS, Department of Ophthalmology, Santhiram Medical College and General Hospital, Nandyal, Kurnool, Andhra Pradesh, India, Konda Dr. Kavya ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Ophthalmology, Santhiram Medical College and General Hospital, Nandyal, Kurnool, Andhra Pradesh, India
Published: March 2021

Aim: To compare IOL power & axial length estimated by optical biometry (OB) and ultrasonicbiometry (UB). Material & methods: A prospective & comparative study was planned to compareaxial length & IOL power calculated by Appa Scan AME - 01A (Appasamy Associates, India) (UB) &IOL master 500 (Carl Zeiss Meditec, Jena, Germany) (OB). Autokeratometry evaluated using IOLmaster 500 & SRK/T formula were taken for IOL power estimation. Spss software version 20.0 wasused for analysis. Results: Overall agreement between UB & OB for axial length & IOL power wasexcellent ( weighted kappa 0.807 & 0.825 respectively). Conclusion: Ultrasound biometry, a cost-effective method for IOL power & axial length calculation, still holds value as compared to opticalbiometry for routine cataract surgeries.
Analysis of vibrations for a vibrating jaw crusher when interacting with material
Authors: Shokhin A. E. , Panovko G. Ya. , Lyan I. P.
Published: March 2021

A model of a vibrating jaw crusher (VJC) with self-synchronizing unbalanced vibration exciters is considered with account of the impacts between the jaws and the material being processed. Numerical modeling is used to establish the influence of the initial gap between the jaws and the material and of the velocity recovery factor upon impact on the synchronization of vibration exciters rotation and jaw vibrations, on the excitation frequency ranges of stable periodic vibroimpact regimes, and on the impact velocities between the jaws. The analysis results indicate that a change in the conditions of contact between the jaws and the material being processed leads to a change in the frequency ranges of the stable antiphase synchronization of vibration exciters rotation, as well as in the excitation frequency ranges of steady single-period vibroimpact regimes for the motion of the system, considered as the main operating modes of the VJC. The impact-like nature of the interaction between the jaws and the material being processed suggests the possible multimodality of the system, which explains some of the effects observed in practice and manifested in changes in the periodicity of the vibroimpact regime and in the vibration mode of the jaws at a constant excitation frequency. Therefore, the vibroimpact-based model proposed for the VJC and its dynamics analysis results may be used to design and improve vibrating jaw crushers with the selection of reasonable design parameters and the most effective vibration excitation conditions. The work was carried out with the financial support of the RFBR, project No. 18-08-01491_a.
Phase composition of autoclave oxidation products and its effect on gold coating
Authors: Lyakh S. I. , Bakhvalov S. S.
Published: March 2021

This paper describes the mineralogical studies of the solid products of autoclave oxidation. These products were obtained during autoclave pilot tests at a temperature of 225 oС and total pressure 3.25 МPa. Autoclave tests were carried out on the samples of sulfide gold-bearing concentrate of the Malomyr deposit. Mineralogical studies were provided using Mossbauer spectrometry, scanning electron microscope, X-ray fluorescence and X-ray diffraction analysis. It was found that the solid autoclave residues consist of basic ferric arsenate sulfate (Fe(AsO4)x(SO4)y(OH)z·wH2O), sodium jarosite (KFe3(SO4)2(OH)6), basic ferric sulfate (Fe(OH)SO4) and gangue minerals (muscovite, quartz, feldspars and others). The main relationships of the phase transformations in the autoclave oxidation process were described. Data obtained during these studies shows that some part of the gold may be associated with a secondary arsenic-containing phase formed in the autoclave oxidation process. This gold may be isolated from cyanidation solution and remain in the tailings. It was considered to subject the autoclave slurry to an additional treatment — Hot Cure process. This can minimize the loss of the precious metal during autoclave aftertreatment. As a result, a part of the secondary soluble phases (up to 10–50%) decomposes and dissolves. After that gold becomes accessible to the cyanide solution during sorption cyanidation. The increase in precious metal recovery is 2–5% for various samples.
Determining temperatures and forces necessary to produce hot-pressed tubes out of titanium alloy PT-1M
Authors: Illarionov A. G. , Vodolazskiy F. V. , Kosmatskiy Ya. I. , Gornostaeva E. A.
Published: March 2021

This paper describes the results of a study that looked at alloy PT-1M that refers to the Ti – Al system and the α-alloys of titanium and is used to make tubes for various applications, including tubes that are hot-pressed as part of the manufacturing process. When developing a procedure for making hot-pressed tubes, one should first determine the temperatures and forces of the pressing operation that would ensure production of quality semifinished tubes. By means of test quenching operations, optical microscopy, thermodynamic analysis performed in ThermoCalc and physical modelling of the hot deformation process carried out in Gleeble 3800, as well as a series of mathematical calculations, the authors were able to determine the polymorphic α + β → β transformation temperature, as well as temperature regions of heating and forces that are necessary for hot pressing of the titanium alloy PT-1M for producing tubes of a given size at the TMK Group facilities. Having analyzed the temperature region of the α + β → β transformation in alloy PT-1M through thermodynamic calculation in ThermoCalc, the authors came up with recommended test temperatures for the PT-1M alloy for estimating the hot deformation forces required. The authors simulated the process of hot deformation by compressing specimens of the PT-1M alloy in the recommended temperature range, explained how the forces changed as a function of temperature and true deformation rate and determined the maximum forces and the strain-induced heating. The calculations show that, in the temperature range recommended for pressing tubes of a given size from PT-1M workpieces, the peak loads do not exceed the capacity of the pipe press in view. This research was funded by the Russian Science Foundation (Project No. 18-79-10107).
Penegakan Hukum terhadap Cyber Crime Hacker
Authors: Arisandy Yogi Oktafian
Published: March 2021

Kasus peretasan marak terjadi di Indonesia. Salah satu kasus peretasan tersebut terjadi di Sleman yang melibatkan hacker berisinial BBA (21) yang melakukan peretasan terhadap server sebuah perusahaan di San Antonio, Texas, Amerika Serikat dengan modus ransomware. Kasus tersebut terjadi disebabkan penegakan hukum terhadap kasus cyber crime hacker ini di rasa masih sangat kurang. Salah satu penyebabnya kurangnya kompetensi aparat penegak hukum dalam memberantas cyber crime hacker. Tulisan ini akan menjelaskan lebih lanjut mengenai penegakan hukum terhadap cyber crime, apa saja komponennya berikut fungsinya, dan mengetahui kendala dalam penegakan hukumnya. Pendekatan penelitian normatif yang bersumber dari bahan hukum yang diperoleh dari studi pustaka dianalisis secara kualitatif untuk mendapatkan jawaban atas permasalahan yang diambil. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang dilakukan, dapat disimpulkan bahwa  komponen penegak hukum terdiri dari jaksa dan hakim. Kasus peretasan yang dilakukan oleh BBA merujuk pada ketentuan pasal Pasal 49 Jo Pasal 33 dan Pasal 48 ayat (1) Jo Pasal 32 ayat (1) dan Pasal 45 ayat (4) Jo Pasal 27 ayat (4) Undang-Undang Nomor 19 Tahun 2016 tentang Perubahan Atas Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2008 tentang ITE, dan terdakwa dijatuhi hukuman selama tujuh bulan. Adapun pihak kepolisian dalam menjalankan fungsinya memiliki beberapa kendala, yang didasarkan pada aspek kemampuan penyidik, terbatasnya alat bukti, terbatasnya sarana dan prasarana yang ada, dan luasnya yurisdiksi yang ada.
Basic Sector Analysis and Development Strategy of Regional Economic Potential in Kulon Progo District 2013-2017
Authors: Mulya Isabhandia Yonanda , Setiartiti Lilies
Published: March 2021

The research carried out in Kulon Progo Regency aims to analyze the economic potential that will exist to develop strategies that can be used to develop the economy in Kulon Progo Regency. This study uses data from 2013 to 2017 obtained from the Central Statistics Agency of Kulon Progo Regency and Yogyakarta Special Region. This study uses several analytical tools, namely Statistical Location Quotient (SLQ), Dynamic Location Quotient (DLQ), Shift Share Analysis, Klassen Typology Analysis, and the SWOT analysis approach. Based on the combined analysis of SLQ and DLQ, there are three sectors: the mining and quarrying sector, wholesale trade and retail, car and motorcycle repair, government administration, defense, and social security. These sectors are the crucial sectors at present and will remain the base sectors in the future.
Opportunities of Digital Technologies in Leveling Financial and Socio-economic Exclusion Problems
Authors: Druzhynina Viktoriia , Likhonosova Ganna , Davidyuk Lyudmyla , Kievich Aleksandr , Lutsenko Galyna
Published: March 2021

The article reflects the current problems of society, in the direction of using digital technologies. The authors pay special attention to the possibilities of attracting digital technologies in the process of levelling financial and socio-economic exclusion among people with disabilities. The authors analysed modern methods of obtaining information when a person does not just receive educational services, but programs his brain to further produce it in a particular area. The authors came to the conclusion that the prevailing global goal of hedonism, with the inability to build images of the future, leads to the fact that society becomes less tolerant and counts on quick and easy success. Therefore, the rules of digital hygiene should become the legislative norm of the life of a modern person.
A Qualitative Study of Older Patients’ and Family Caregivers’ Perspectives of Transitional Care From Hospital to Home
Authors: Dolu İlknur , Naharcı Mehmet İIlkin , Logan Patricia A. , Paal Piret , Vaismoradi Mojtaba
Published: March 2021

Background and Purpose

The need for high-quality long-term healthcare services is increasing across the globe as the population ages. Strategies for improving transitional care from hospital to home are needed. This study aimed to explore the perspectives of patients aged 65 years and over and their family caregivers transitioning from hospital to home in an urban area of Turkey.

Methods

Thematic analysis of in-depth semi-structured interviews was conducted with older patients (n = 14), with at least one chronic disease and admitted to the hospital for a minimum of 3 days, and family caregivers (n = 11) who voluntarily participated.

Results

Main themes were “confused feelings of safety and stress”; “worried about being left alone”; and “disrupted healthcare journey.” The proactive rehabilitation model was used to elaborate on the study findings and interpret the perspectives and experiences of older patients and their family caregivers, which can be used for improving the quality of care after discharge from hospital.

Implications for Practice

A high-quality transitional care program requires taking care of the feeling of safety in older patients and their family caregivers by the multidisciplinary team and their enhanced involvement in care initiatives after hospital discharge.
Change Resistance as Practicing Moral Authenticity: A Qualitative Study
Authors: McMillan Kim , Perron Amélie
Published: March 2021

Background and purpose

Organizational changes are increasingly rapid and continuous in health care as organizations strive to meet multiple external pressures. Much change in health care fails and nurse resistance is commonly blamed for such failure. Nurse resistance to organizational change is often described as overt behaviours and are deemed destructive to the change process. Much of the literature describing organizational change comes from the perspectives of administrators, there is little known about nurses’ experiences of organizational change. The purpose of this inquiry was to explore the nature of frontline nurses’ experiences of rapid and continuous change.

Methods

A qualitative critical hermeneutic design was applied. 14 Registered Nurses participated in face-to-face interviews. Openended questions were used. The setting was an urban pediatric teaching hospital located in Canada. Research ethics board approval was obtained as required. Member reflections ensured accurate portrayals of participant’s experiences.

Results

The findings from this study suggest that acts of resistance to change are not overt, but rather covert behaviors in micro-ethical moments. Nurses engaged in resistance as means to provide morally authentic care at the bedside. These acts were utilized to take back power over their practice amidst feelings of powerlessness, however, paradoxically, when participants described the concept of power, they understood it solely in the context of feeling powerless within the planning, implementation and evaluation of organizational change initiatives. Nurses engagement with resistant behaviours in the context of organizational change demonstrated ethical action and political agency that enabled morally authentic nursing practice.

Implications for practice

The findings from this study offer new understandings of a well-established concept in nursing and can be used when considering the ethical dimensions of nursing work amidst rapidly changing health care institutions.
Changes in Spinal Instability After Combined Therapy of Conventional Radiotherapy and Bone Modifying Agents for Painful Vertebral Bone Metastases
Authors: Nakata Eiji , Sugihara Shinsuke , Sugawara Yoshifumi , Nakahara Ryuichi , Takihira Shouta , Sato Kohei , Kunisada Toshiyuki , Ozaki Toshifumi
Published: March 2021

Precise assessment of spinal instability is critical at the beginning and after radiotherapy for selection of the treatment and evaluating the effectiveness of radiotherapy. We investigated changes of spinal instability after radiotherapy and examined potential risk factors for the difference of the outcome of spinal instability for painful spinal metastases. We evaluated 81 patients who received radiotherapy for painful vertebral metastases in our institution between 2012 and 2016. The pain at the vertebrae was assessed. Radiological responses of irradiated vertebrae were assessed by computed tomography. Spinal instability was assessed by Spinal Instability Neoplastic Score (SINS). Follow-up assessments were done at the start of radiotherapy and at 1, 2, 3, 4, and 6 months after radiotherapy. At each of one to six months, pain disappeared in 62%, 84%, 93%, 98%, and 100% of patients. The median SINS were 8, 7, 6, 5, 5, and 4 at the beginning of radiotherapy and after 1, 2, 3, 4, and 6 months, respectively, which significantly decreased over time (P < 0.001). Multivariate analysis revealed that PLISE was the only risk factor for spinal instability at one month. In conclusion, spinal instability significantly improved over time after radiotherapy. Clinicians should take attention to PLISE in the radiotherapy of vertebral metastases.
Synthesis of Si /rgo Nano-composites as Anode Electrode for Lithium-ion Battery by Ctab and Citrate Methods: Physical Properties and Voltage-capacity Cyclic Characterizations.
Authors: Torkashvand H. , Bagheri-Mohagheghi M.-M.
Published: March 2021

In this paper, SiNPs / rGO nano-composites were prepared from porous silicon nanoparticles synthesized by silica mineral (SiO2). Reduced graphene oxide (rGO) was synthesized by thermal reduction method. The Si NPs/rGO nano-composite synthesized by three methods using the (a) CTAB as surfactant (b) CTAB as surfactant and citric acid as a functional group and (c) without CTAB and with citric acid under ultrasonic condition. The samples were analyzed by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), VU-Vis, EDX and FTIR spectroscopy. The test of anode electrode sample for synthesis (a) carried out by potential (Li/Li+) vs. capacity measurements. The anode made of the resulting nano-composite showed an initial specific capacity of 1191 mAhg-1 and specific capacity of 845 mAhg-1 after 10 cycles at a current density of 100 mAg−1and a coulomb efficiency of approximately 99.4% after these cycles. Porous nanoparticles have improved the electrochemical properties of the nano-composite along with the conductivity and buffering properties of rGO by creating a suitable space for lithiation/delithiation process.
Estado da arte da geodiversidade da Amazônia legal
Authors: Andrade Milena Marília Nogueira de , Espirito-Santo Celina Marques do , Lopes Walmira Ferreira , Bandeira Íris Celeste Nascimento
Published: March 2021

A geodiversidade é uma área de estudo relativamente nova nas geociências. No Brasil a distribuição geográfica do conhecimento sobre o patrimônio natural é maior nas regiões nordeste, sudeste e sul. Esses locais possuem significativos avanços em termos de estudos, ações integradas com a comunidade e poder público e proposições de geoparques. A realidade desse background é diferente nos estados da Amazônia Legal. Esta é composta por nove estados localizados na região norte, em totalidade, um estado da região nordeste e um da região centro-oeste. Dada essa diferença de conhecimento gerado no país, o objetivo desse artigo foi fazer uma revisão dos trabalhos existentes na Amazônia Legal. Para realizar o estado da arte dos estudos sobre geodiversidade foi feito um levantamento sistemático digital em bases públicas de acesso. Posteriormente os estudos foram catalogados com base no tema central: geodiversidade, geoconservação, geoturismo, e geoparque. Os sub-temas também foram identificados e analisados por meio de gráficos. No total foram analisados 45 trabalhos publicados, sendo 13 no estado do Pará. A geodiversidade é o tema mais pesquisado com 21 trabalhos, seguido do geoturismo. Apesar do tema de geoconservação e geoparque não terem sido muito explorados na literatura existente, na região da Amazônia legal há a proposta de criação de três geoparques pelo Serviço Geológico do Brasil-CPRM, com inventário. A potencialidade da geodiversidade no território da Amazônia legal é ampla, porém ainda incipiente no contexto deste conceito para a valorização do desenvolvimento sustentável via instrumentos de geoconservação e uso para gestão territorial. Há também ausências de parceiras institucionais e práticas incipientes de geoeducação e geoturismo.
The Association Between Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Allergic Rhinitis: Current Literature Review
Authors: Tan Shi Nee , Abdullah Baharudin
Published: March 2021

:

Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is now a significant health problem in today's culture.
It ranges from a spectrum of abnormal conditions during sleep from the primary snorer to mild,
moderate, or severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). SDB also comprises other conditions, such as
sleep-related hypoventilation, sleep-related hypoxemia, and central sleep apnea syndromes.

:

One of the components of the pathophysiology of OSA that remain unclear is the association of allergic
rhinitis (AR) in the evolution of OSA. Several studies relate the co-existence of OSA and
AR in the common clinical practice, but its correlation was not clear. This review article aimed to
review the pathophysiological relationship between OSA and AR in terms of the role of chemical
mediators and the effect of AR treatment in support of OSA.

:

The symptoms of AR further accelerate the clinical progression to OSA development. Inflammatory
mediators such as histamine, cysteinyl leukotrienes, and interleukins are found at a high level in
AR, which can aggravate AR symptoms such as nasal obstruction, rhinorrhea, and itchiness, which
can then lead to sleep disruption in OSA patients. In addition, OSA patients also have increased
chemical mediators such as tumor necrosis factor, interleukin 6, and 1, which would activate the T
helper 2 phenotypes that can aggravate AR symptoms. This vicious cycle can potentiate each other
and worsen the condition. Few studies have shown that treatment of AR can improve OSA, especially
the use of intranasal steroid and leukotriene receptor antagonists.

:

A detailed evaluation of rhinitis symptoms should be made for OSA patients so that they can benefit
not only from the improvement of AR but also the good sleep quality.
Isolation, Characterisation of Four Gram Negative Environmental Bacteria and Bacteriophage Plaques Formation on Their Lawns
Authors: Maina Alice Nyambura , Mwaura Francis B , Jumba Miriam , Kieft3 Kristopher
Published: March 2021

In the recent past a diversity of microorganisms has been isolated from various environmental waters of different regions in Kenya. Owing to the frequent spread of waterborne diseases in different regions where the communities do not have access to clean potable water the objective of this study was to isolate disease causing bacteria especially diarrhoea. In this study we isolated and characterised four species of Gram-negative bacteria from environmental waters used for domestic purposes by some communities in Kenya. Attempts were also made to isolate potential bacteriophages from the environmental waters for application as biocontrol agents in water decontamination. Clear, circular plaques of different sizes were formed on lawns of each of the bacterial species which could form the basis for bacteriophage isolation. The sources of water included Lake Victoria, rivers, wells, ponds, beaches, boreholes, springs and Indian Ocean. The four bacterial species characterized by 16S rRNA partial gene sequences and phylogenetic tree were: Vibrio cholerae, Escherichia coli: O83, Providencia sneebia and Proteus mirabilis. The 16S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequences were deposited in GenBank under accession numbers: MN467398.1 and MN907473.1 (Escherichia coli), MN467401.1 (Providencia sneebia), MN467400.1 (Proteus mirabilis), MN467399.1, MN907465.1 and MN907464.1 (Vibrio cholerae) bacterial isolates. On the phylogenetic tree, P. sneebia grouped most closely to Morganella species, a closely related genus. Overall, the phylogenetic analysis also indicates the bacterial species isolated were not identical to bacteria in the database, but rather new isolates of the given species. The presence of these bacteria in the environmental waters of Kenya was an indication that the water was not safe for human consumption. Development of clear phage plaques was an indication of the presence of lytic phages that can be used for subsequent bacteriophage isolation from each bacterial strain after concentration.