bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reações adversas pós-vacinação por COVID-19: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Correa Isabela , Pereira Milena Alves , Luz Kelly Cristina Suzue Iamaguchi , Teixeira Marcelo Muniz , Santos Fernanda Gatez Trevisan
Published: October 2022

Objetivo: Identificar na literatura as principais reações adversas das vacinas contra o COVID-19. Metodologia: Revisão integrativa, conduzida nas estratégias de busca Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), Scopus (Elsevier) e Embase. Por meio da seguinte questão de pesquisa: “Quais reações adversas foram evidenciadas na literatura em pacientes vacinados por COVID-19?”. Utilizou-se o software RAYYAN® para importar os dados. Resultados: Identificou-se 1.816 estudos, destes, 57 contemplaram a revisão. Os resultados foram sintetizados em forma de tabela e verificou-se diversas reações classificadas em reações locais, sistêmicas e graves, constatou-se a maior incidência de reações adversas no sexo feminino e as manifestações foram imediatas a tardias. Conclusão: Foi evidenciado que a maioria das reações adversas pós-vacinação por COVID-19 foram locais, imediatas e autolimitadas. O enfermeiro deve promover ações para prevenir e identificar reações adversas pós vacinais.
Perfil de hemoculturas de pacientes internados em unidade de terapia intensiva em hospital de ensino do Paraná
Authors: Friedrich João Víctor , Friedrich José Mathias , Daronco Alexandre , Friedrich José Lademir , Uhde Sara Petrini Ritter
Published: October 2022

As infecções da corrente sanguínea representam um desafio para saúde pública, são extremamente frequentes em ambiente hospitalar e estão relacionadas à altas taxas de morbimortalidade e aumento dos custos hospitalares, principalmente em setores críticos como as Unidades de Terapia Intensiva, sendo o diagnóstico precoce fundamental. Este estudo tem por objetivo coletar e analisar dados acerca da incidência bacteriana e perfil de susceptibilidade de micro-organismos isolados em hemoculturas de pacientes internados na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva da Fundação Hospitalar São Lucas de Cascavel/PR. Trata-se de um Estudo transversal, retrospectivo, de abordagem quantitativa e de natureza descritiva, utilizando dados de interesse a partir de prontuários médicos e resultados de exames laboratoriais, no período compreendido entre Julho de 2019 a Julho de 2021. Foram analisadas 210 hemoculturas positivas, os mais acometidos pertenciam ao gênero masculino (69,52%) e pessoas com faixa etária acima dos 60 anos (45,71%). Entre os micro-organismos gram-positivos, os mais encontrados foram Staphylococcus coagulase negativo (44,70%), Staphylococcus aureus (10,47%) e Enterococcus faecalis (2,38%). Entre os gram-negativos os mais frequentes foram Klebsiella spp. (12,85%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (9,52%), Enterobacter cloacae (4,76%). Em relação a mortalidade, foi observado uma porcentagem de 49,43% entre os gram-positivos e 44,62% entre os gram-negativos. Um importante recurso diagnóstico para a detecção de patógenos microbianos é a realização da hemocultura, possibilitando o conhecimento do perfil bacteriano encontrado nos pacientes internados, que permite a realização de um tratamento direcionado e eficaz e consequentemente auxilia na diminuição da seleção de bactérias multirresistentes, ajudando na prevenção e no controle das infecções hospitalares.
Uso de extrato de pitanga no controle de fungo fitopatogênico em Adenium obesum
Authors: Pinto Junior Fernando Freitas , Ribeiro Bruna da Silva Brito , Sousa Luiz Alberto Melo de , Silva Fabíola Luzia de Sousa , Silva Karolline Rosa Cutrim , Moraes Lídia Ferreira , Teixeira Maria Raysse , Araújo Simeone Viana de , Cordeiro Kleber Veras , Silva-Matos Raissa Rachel Salustriano da
Published: October 2022

O uso de controle químico nem sempre é viável ou cabível em determinados tipos de produção por isso busca-se o desenvolvimento de tecnologias que possam ser utilizadas de modo alternativo ao controle das doenças de plantas. Com este trabalho objetiva-se constatar a eficiência do extrato aquoso de folhas da pitangueira em diferentes concentrações no controle de fungo fitopatogênico em Rosa do deserto. O experimento foi desenvolvido in vitro no Laboratório de Fitopatologia da Universidade Federal do Maranhão. O fungo foi isolado de maneira indireta das folhas de plantas de rosa do deserto com posterior repicagem para purificação da colônia em placas de Petri com uso de BDA. Após seis dias de incubação as colônias receberam individualmente dentro das placas de Petri um papel de cerca de 1 cm de diâmetro previamente imergido em soluções de extrato aquoso de folhas de pitangueira. O extrato foi feito em concentração de 150g de folhas para 1 L de ADE, para obtenção do mesmo as folhas da pitangueira foram secas e trituradas, depois mergulhadas em ADE onde ficaram por 8 dias sofrendo leve agitação diária. Para aplicação o extrato foi diluído nas concentrações de 0%, 5%, 10% e 15%. Avaliou-se o Índice de Crescimento Micelial (ICM) a partir do primeiro dia em que o controle foi aplicado, com espaço de tempo de 24 h entre cada avaliação. Concluiu-se que o extrato aquoso de folhas de pitangueira não tem poder inibitório sobre o crescimento micelial deste fungo.
Conhecimento tradicional associado aos produtos da sociobiodiversidade: um olhar em defesa dos detentores do conhecimento no território Médio Juruá, Amazonas, Brasil
Authors: Alves Thais Carla Vieira , Rezende Marília Gabriela Gondim , Guimarães David Franklin da Silva , Vasconcelos Mônica Alves de , Andrade Cristiane Menezes Guedes de , Lima José da Cruz Lima de , Cunha Manoel da Silva
Published: October 2022

O uso sustentável dos recursos pelas populações por meio do conhecimento tradicional encontra nas Unidades de Conservação - UCs da categoria de uso sustentável, um local de refúgio para as expressões socioculturais. O presente estudo teve como finalidade desvelar o uso do conhecimento tradicional associado as espécies de flora e fauna por comunidades ribeirinhas na Amazônia a partir da identificação das espécies de uso pelos moradores de duas comunidades no território Médio Juruá, analisou-se a similaridade de usos entre as comunidades e construiu-se um fluxograma do processo da consolidação do conhecimento tradicional pelas populações humanas. Para isso foram aplicados formulários semi-estruturados e entrevistas abertas. Como resultado, foram identificadas 95 espécies de uso e 112 usos, distribuídos em 07 grandes categorias, os usos mais recorrentes são da categoria de cosmético e medicinal. Percebeu-se a tendência a formação de grupos entre entrevistados da mesma comunidade, que pode evidenciar que o conhecimento tradicional é repassado de forma mais consistente com a convivência mais próxima, a categoria medicinal é a que possui mais usos 76 no total que representa 67,85% do total, seguida da categoria de cosmético com 11 usos (9,82) e alimentício com 10 usos (8,92%). Conclui-se que a região possui um grande potencial de produtos e usos da sociobiodiversidade e que populações tradicionais são as responsáveis pela proteção dos recursos naturais e territorial pelo manejo sustentável a partir do conhecimento tradicional.
Tendências da produção científica acerca da saúde de adolescentes e jovens do contexto rural brasileiro
Authors: Siqueira Fernanda Duarte , Neves Eliane Tatsch , Sehnem Graciela Dutra , Monteiro Amanda Suélen
Published: October 2022

Objetivou-se identificar e caracterizar as tendências da produção científica brasileira acerca da saúde de adolescentes e jovens vivendo no contexto rural brasileiro. Estudo bibliográfico, do tipo revisão narrativa, realizado a partir de análise documental de resumos de produções disponíveis no Catálogo de Teses e Dissertações do Portal de Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento do Pessoal do Ensino Superior desenvolvidos com adolescentes e jovens rurais em Programas de Pós-Graduação em instituições brasileiras. O levantamento dos estudos foi realizado em dezembro de 2021 e as informações organizadas e sistematizadas em planilhas no software Microsoft Excel 2010. As produções foram submetidas à análise de conteúdo. O corpus de análise foi de 16 resumos, com predomínio de estudos de dissertações (81%), com produções que iniciaram em 2004, oriundos da Universidade Federal de Pelotas (19%) e da Universidade Federal da Bahia (19%), com predomínio na área de concentração da epidemiologia (25%). As pesquisas foram majoritariamente quantitativas (69%) e transversais (56%). Em relação às tendências do conhecimento emergiram duas categorias: caracterização das dissertações e teses relacionadas aos adolescentes e jovens do contexto rural e as tendências do conhecimento acerca da saúde de adolescentes e jovens que vivem no meio rural. Conclui-se que a temática é incipiente e aborda questões importantes bem como a complexidade do vivenciar a adolescência e a juventude no meio rural. Destaca-se os riscos à saúde relacionados aos hábitos de vida, condicionantes de saúde, cultura, acesso e utilização de serviços, sexualidade e a violência.
Aspectos fisiopatológicos envolvidos na sintomatologia da COVID-19 e suas consequências: uma revisão bibliográfica de literatura
Authors: Sales Pedro Henrique de , Hery Samuel Kognan , Besson Jean Carlos Fernando
Published: October 2022

Introduçao: O SARS-CoV-2 é um betacoranavírus pertencente à ordem Nidovirales da família Coronaviridae. Ele é um vírus que, evolutivamente, se tornou capaz de interagir com as enzimas transmembranas (ECA2) presentes em células do corpo humano e, consequentemente, invadir e se multiplicar dentro delas. O SARS-CoV-2 pode gerar uma tempestade de citocinas no organismo, causando vários danos sistêmicos aos infectados. Objetivo: descrever os principais aspectos sobre a caracterização do vírus, a fisiopatologia, as consequências sistêmicas e o diagnóstico da infecção. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma revisão bibliográfica com levantamento de textos acadêmicos nas seguintes bases de dados: PubMed, SciElo, UPTODATE e LILACS, com os seguintes descritores: ‘‘COVID-19’’, ‘‘SARS-CoV-2’’ e ‘‘pandemia por COVID-19’’. Discussão: A invasão do SARS-CoV-2 dentro das células gera vários processos inflamatórios no organismo humano. Como existem receptores ECA2 em células de diversos órgãos, o vírus é capaz de causar lesões sistêmicas. As lesões pulmonares podem ser identificadas nos principais exames de imagem, ajudando, assim, a entender o prognóstico e o tratamento dos pacientes. Devido às agressões ao organismo humano causadas pelo vírus, muitos pacientes se queixam de alguns sintomas que persistem mesmo após a cura da infecção. Considerações finais: Através deste estudo foi possível entender aspectos históricos sobre o coronavírus, suas variantes, estrutura, a fisiopatologia da infecção, a tempestade de citocinas gerada por ele, assim como as consequências sistêmicas durante e após o processo infeccioso e os possíveis métodos diagnósticos.
Fish farm effluents cause metabolic depression, reducing energy stores and growth in the reef-forming coral Lophelia pertusa
Authors: Kutti T , Legrand E , Husa V , Olsen SA , Gjelsvik Ø , Carvajalino-Fernandez M , Johnsen IA
Published: October 2022

Cold-water corals (CWCs) have come under increasing pressure from human activities over the last decades. Of particular concern in Norway is the potential impact of open net pen aquaculture on CWC reefs formed by Lophelia pertusa, a threatened and declining habitat. We conducted a 1 yr in situ transplantation experiment and corresponding field measurements of 2 reefs located close to fish farms to elucidate the impacts of particulate organic waste released from the farms on coral colonies. Our study provided new evidence of negative impacts of organic effluents on L. pertusa ecophysiology. After 1 yr, both naturally occurring and transplanted corals, at distances ranging from 250 m to 1 km downstream of what would be regarded as an average-sized Norwegian fish farm, exhibited depressed metabolic rates compared to corals outside the main depositional footprint of the farms. The metabolic depression impeded energy acquisition, reducing growth and energy reserves by up to 70 and 50%, respectively. No clear threshold for significant biological impact could be detected along a distance gradient. Instead, a gradual decrease in metabolic rates, growth and lipid reserves occurred with increasing modelled sedimentation rate of organic waste from the farm. The strong statistical correlation between oxygen consumption, growth, energy stores and sedimentation rates implies that predictions of the short-term impact of aquaculture effluents on L. pertusa ecophysiology and CWC reef development may be achievable in the future. This would significantly improve the ability of management to make informed decisions on the licensing of new farms near CWC reefs.
Demographics and dynamics of the world’s largest known population of oceanic manta rays Mobula birostris in coastal Ecuador
Authors: Harty K , Guerrero M , Knochel AM , Stevens GMW , Marshall A , Burgess K , Stewart JD
Published: October 2022

Information on the life history and demographics of oceanic manta raysMobula birostrisremains scarce. Using photo-ID data, we describe the demographic structure, population size, and possible environmental drivers of the seasonal occurrence ofM. birostrisat Isla de la Plata and Bajo Copé, Ecuador. We identified a total of 2803 individuals from 3322 encounters over a period of 14 yr (2005-2018). The population sampled at these sites was significantly biased towards males (sex ratio 1F:1.67M) and only 12.9% of individuals were resighted. We used mark-resight models to estimate demographic parameters of the population, including superpopulation size, survival probability, entry/recruitment probability, and detection probability. We also evaluated how these parameters were related to environmental predictors, such as El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), sea surface temperature (SST), and chlorophylla(chla). Mark-resight analyses indicated that SST, chla, time, and sex, but not ENSO, were important predictors of estimated population parameters. Entry probability peaked in 2012, which coincided with the lowest SST and highest chlaconcentrations. The best-fit mark-resight model estimated a superpopulation size of 22316 individuals, with annual estimated abundances of 949-7650 females and 5226-9340 males. Localised sampling of this highly mobile species limits the interpretations of mark-resight analyses, but provides lower bounds for total abundance that indicate the population ofM. birostrisin coastal Ecuador and Peru is likely the largest in the world.
PENDAMPINGAN DAN PENGUATAN FORUM TBM JAWA BARAT SEBAGAI SITUS KEWARGANEGARAAN
Authors: Abdillah Fauzi , Yasnita Yasnita , Andri  , Fahrezi Farhan , Simanjuntak Helen , Tertia Chanisa Putri , Tarigan Abdul Rohman
Published: October 2022

This activity aims to provide assistance on legal issues such as the completeness of letters and permits required for Taman Bacaan Masyarakat (TBM) in West Java in order to sustain their existence and optimize utilization. Many TBMs in West Java struggle to optimize their social movements due to a lack of financial support and an understanding of legal issues. Providing a space for dialogue, counseling, and mentoring is central to this program in supporting the optimization of the TBM Forum's role as a citizenship site that also supports the National Literacy Movement in the community. The activity method is divided into four stages: first, analyzing problems and determining primary steps with the TBM Forum, second, planning the implementation of implementation, third, mentoring and counseling via conference technology, and fourth, evaluation and next steps. This activity generates publications in the form of YouTube videos, news releases, and Intellectual Property Rights that support activities.
 
Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk mengurai pendampingan atas permasalahan legalistik seperti kelengkapan surat dan izin yang diperlukan Taman Bacaan Masyarakat di Jawa Barat untuk mendukung eksistensi dan optimalisasi perannya. Banyak TBM di Jawa Barat mengalami keterbatasan dukungan dana dan pemahaman aspek legalistik untuk mengoptimalkan gerakan sosialnya tersebut. Dalam mendukung optimalisasi peran Forum TBM sebagai situs kewarganegaraan yang juga turut mendukung Gerakan Literasi Nasional di masyarakat, maka penyediaan ruang dialog, penyuluhan, dan pendampingan menjadi sentral dalam program ini. Metode kegiatan dibagi menjadi tiga tahap, pertama menganalisis permasalahan dan menentukan langkah primer bersama Forum TBM, kedua merencanakan teknis pelaksanaan pendampingan, ketiga pelaksanaan pendampingan serta penyuluhan secara dialogis melalui teknologi konferensi, dan keempat evaluasi dan penentuan langkah selanjutnya. Kegiatan ini menghasilkan publikasi dalam bentuk rekaman video di Youtube, rilis berita, dan Hak Kekayaan Intelektual yang menunjang keberlanjutan kegiatan.
PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH PLASTIK MIKA SEBAGAI ALAT PERAGA MANIPULATIF PADA MATERI PECAHAN
Authors: Santi Dina Pratiwi Dwi , Setiyani Setiyani , Riyanti Ena Suhena Praja
Published: October 2022

The use of manipulative teaching aids becomes a must when teachers explain mathematical concepts to students at the elementary school level (SD). Teaching aids can bridge the thinking patterns of elementary school students who are still in the concrete operational stage and abstract mathematical concepts. The purpose of this Community Service (PKM) activity is to provide training by utilizing waste such as mica plastic as manipulative teaching aids to explain concepts at One Roof Source Elementary School. The methods in this service activity are question and answer, demo and simulation. The flow or stages of service activities begin with an initial survey, coordination, implementation of training, evaluation, and preparation of reports. The results of the training on the use of mica plastic as manipulative teaching aids include increasing teacher knowledge regarding materials that can be used as teaching aids. In addition, the number of participants who attended was in accordance with the target, there was a positive response from participants in using mica/waste plastic as manipulative props, enthusiasm and interest in activity participants. As a recommendation, the team will design teaching aids from other waste that are attractive, varied, inexpensive, and easy to obtain as an effort to improve the quality of learning and teacher professionalism.

 

Penggunaan alat peraga manipulatif menjadi sebuah keharusan ketika guru menjelaskan konsep matematika pada siswa di jenjang Sekolah Dasar (SD). Alat peraga dapat menjembatani pola berpikir siswa SD yang masih dalam tahap operasional konkrit dan konsep matematika yang bersifat abstrak. Tujuan kegiatan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (PKM) ini adalah memberikan pelatihan dengan memanfaatkan limbah seperti plastik mika sebagai alat peraga manipulatif untuk menjelaskan konsep pecahan di SDN Satu Atap Sumber. Metode dalam kegiatan pengabdian ini yaitu tanya jawab, demonstrasi dan simulasi. Adapun alur atau tahapan kegiatan pengabdian diawali dengan survey awal, koordinasi, pelaksanaan pelatihan, evaluasi, dan penyusunan laporan. Hasil dari pelatihan pemanfaatan plastik mika sebagai alat peraga manipulatif diantaranya menambah pengetahuan guru terkait bahan yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai alat peraga. Selain itu jumlah peserta yang hadir sesuai dengan target, adanya respons positif peserta dalam memanfaatkan plastik mika/limbah sebagai alat peraga manipulatif, antusiasme dan ketertarikan peserta terhadap kegiatan pelatihan. Sebagai rekomendasi tim akan merancang alat peraga dari limbah lainnya yang menarik, variatif, murah, dan mudah didapatkan sebagai upaya peningkatan kualitas pembelajaran dan profesionalisme guru.
Ultra-small molybdenum-based nanodots as an antioxidant platform for effective treatment of periodontal disease
Authors: Chen Li , Zhao Tianjiao , Liu Min , Chen Qiaohui , Yang Yunrong , Zhang Jinping , Wang Shuya , Zhu Xiaoyu , Zhang Huanan , Huang Qiong , Ai Kelong
Published: October 2022

Periodontal disease (PD) is a local inflammatory disease with high morbidity, manifesting tissue destruction results from inflammation of the host immune response to bacterial antigens and irritants. The supportive function of connective tissue and skeletal tissue can be jeopardized without prompt and effective intervention, representing the major cause of tooth loss. However, traditional treatments exhibited great limitations, such as low efficacies, causing serious side effects and recurrent inflammatory episodes. As a major defense mechanism, reactive oxygen species (ROS) play important roles in the pathological progression of PD. Antioxidant therapy is widely believed to be an effective strategy for ROS-triggered diseases, including oxidative stress-induced PD. Most antioxidants can only scavenge one or a few limited kinds of ROS and cannot handle all kinds. In addition, current antioxidant nanomaterials present limitations associated with toxicity, low stability, and poor biocompatibility. To this end, we develop ultra-small molybdenum-based nanodots (MoNDs) with strong ROS in oxidative stress-induced PD. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that MoNDs have been used for PD. In the present study, MoNDs have shown extremely good therapeutic effects as ROS scavengers. Spectroscopic and in vitro experiments provided strong evidence for the roles of MoNDs in eliminating multiple ROS and inhibiting ROS-induced inflammatory responses. In addition, the mouse model of PD was established and demonstrated the feasibility of MoNDs as powerful antioxidants. It can alleviate periodontal inflammation by scavenging multiple ROS without obvious side effects and exhibit good biocompatibility. Thus, this newly developed nanomedicine is effective in scavenging ROS and inhibiting M1 phenotypic polarization, which provides promising candidates for the treatment of PD.
Global warming potential-based life cycle assessment and optimization of the compressive strength of fly ash-silica fume concrete; environmental impact consideration
Authors: Onyelowe Kennedy C. , Ebid Ahmed M. , Riofrio Ariel , Soleymani Atefeh , Baykara Haci , Kontoni Denise-Penelope N. , Mahdi Hisham A. , Jahangir Hashem
Published: October 2022

In this research study, extensive literature searches on the compressive strength of concrete produced from the addition of fly ash (FA) and silica fume (SF) as extra constituents to the conventional concrete mixes, which gave rise to 330 mix points of concrete database. Due to the worrisome environmental impact of concrete production and usage in concrete activities, it has been pertinent to conduct the life cycle impact assessment of this procedure. Secondly, due to the over dependence of concrete production experts on laboratory exercise, there is also an urgent need to propose equations that reduce this dependence, that can be used in design, construction and performance evaluation of concrete infrastructure, hence the multi-objective nature of this research work. The results of the global warming potential (GWP) based on cement dosage show that Portland cement contributes about 90% of the total score. This is followed by the use of coarse aggregate contributing 6%, superplasticizer, 3% and fine aggregates, 2%. These show the functions of CO2 emissions and other greenhouses gas emissions in the entire system. Also, the result of the terrestrial acidification potential (TAP) for the concrete mixes in this study show that the lowest cement mix “C340-FAg658-FA0-SF15ˮ has a human toxicity, both carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic that showed an added impact of about 14 kg of 1, 4 equivalents of dichlorobenzene (DCB eq.). This result is 428% less impact than other studies found in the literature that used FA. Finally, it was found that the addition of FA and SF in concrete has a lowering effect on the environmental impact indicators due to reduced cement dosage. Furthermore, the results of the model predictions show that ANN with a performance index of 0.986 (4.8%) showed decisive superiority to predict the compressive strength of the FA-SF concrete over EPR, 0.951 (8.7%), GP, 0.94 (9.5%) and GEP, 0.93 (10%).
Application of novel Fe3O4/Zn-metal organic framework magnetic nanostructures as an antimicrobial agent and magnetic nanocatalyst in the synthesis of heterocyclic compounds
Authors: Bashar Bashar S. , Kareem Hawraa A. , Hasan Yaser Mohamed , Ahmad Nafis , Alshehri A. M. , Al-Majdi Kadhum , Hadrawi Salema K. , AL Kubaisy Munthir Mohammed Radhy , Qasim Maytham T.
Published: October 2022

Using the microwave-assisted method, novel Fe3O4/Zn-metal organic framework magnetic nanostructures were synthesized. The crystallinity, thermal stability, adsorption/desorption isotherms, morphology/size distribution, and magnetic hysteresis of synthesized Fe3O4/Zn-metal organic framework magnetic nanostructures were characterized by XRD patterns, TGA curve, BET adsorption/desorption technique, SEM image, and VSM curve, respectively. After confirming the Fe3O4/Zn-metal organic framework magnetic nanostructures, its antimicrobial properties against Gram-positive bacterial, Gram-negative bacterial, and fungal strains based on minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) values were studied. The MIC values in antimicrobial activity for Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains, between 16–128 μg/ml, and for fungal strain, 128 μg/ml were observed. The results showed that the high specific surface area of Fe3O4/Zn-metal organic framework magnetic nanostructures caused the antimicrobial power of nanoparticles to be high, and the observed antimicrobial effects were higher than some known commercial antimicrobial drugs. Another advantage of the specific surface area of Fe3O4/Zn-metal organic framework magnetic nanostructures was its high catalytic properties in the three-component reaction of isatin, malononitrile, and dimedone. New spiro [indoline-pyranopyrimidines] derivatives were synthesized with high efficiency. The catalytic activity results of Fe3O4/Zn-metal organic framework magnetic nanostructures showed that, in addition to recyclability, derivatives could be synthesized in less time than previously reported methods. The results of investigating the catalytic activity of Fe3O4/Zn-metal organic framework magnetic nanostructures showed that the spiro [indoline-pyranopyrimidines] derivatives were synthesized in the time range of 10–20 min with an efficiency of over 85%. As a final result, it can be concluded that the microwave synthesis method improves the unique properties of magnetic nanostructures, especially its specific surface area, and has increased its efficiency.
Speeding up deep neural architecture search for wearable activity recognition with early prediction of converged performance
Authors: Pellatt Lloyd , Roggen Daniel
Published: October 2022

Neural architecture search (NAS) has the potential to uncover more performant networks for human activity recognition from wearable sensor data. However, a naive evaluation of the search space is computationally expensive. We introduce neural regression methods for predicting the converged performance of a deep neural network (DNN) using validation performance in early epochs and topological and computational statistics. Our approach shows a significant improvement in predicting converged testing performance over a naive approach taking the ranking of the DNNs at an early epoch as an indication of their ranking on convergence. We apply this to the optimization of the convolutional feature extractor of an LSTM recurrent network using NAS with deep Q-learning, optimizing the kernel size, number of kernels, number of layers, and the connections between layers, allowing for arbitrary skip connections and dimensionality reduction with pooling layers. We find architectures which achieve up to 4% better F1 score on the recognition of gestures in the Opportunity dataset than our implementation of DeepConvLSTM and 0.8% better F1 score than our implementation of state-of-the-art model Attend and Discriminate, while reducing the search time by more than 90% over a random search. This opens the way to rapidly search for well-performing dataset-specific architectures. We describe the computational implementation of the system (software frameworks, computing resources) to enable replication of this work. Finally, we lay out several future research directions for NAS which the community may pursue to address ongoing challenges in human activity recognition, such as optimizing architectures to minimize power, minimize sensor usage, or minimize training data needs.
Prediction and prognosis of reintubation after surgery for Stanford type A aortic dissection
Authors: Yao Xingxing , Wang Jin , Lu Yang , Huang Xiaofan , Du Xinling , Sun Fuqiang , Zhao Yangchao , Xie Fei , Wang Dashuai , Liu Chao
Published: October 2022

Background

Reintubation is a serious adverse respiratory event after Stanford type A aortic dissection surgery (AADS), however, published studies focused on reintubation after AADS are very limited worldwide. The objectives of the current study were to establish an early risk prediction model for reintubation after AADS and to clarify its relationship with short-term and long-term prognosis.

Methods

Patients undergoing AADS between 2016–2019 in a single institution were identified and divided into two groups based on whether reintubation was performed. Independent predictors were identified by univariable and multivariable analysis and a clinical prediction model was then established. Internal validation was performed using bootstrap method with 1,000 replications. The relationship between reintubation and clinical outcomes was determined by univariable and propensity score matching analysis.

Results

Reintubation were performed in 72 of the 492 included patients (14.6%). Three preoperative and one intraoperative predictors for reintubation were identified by multivariable analysis, including older age, smoking history, renal insufficiency and transfusion of intraoperative red blood cells. The model established using the above four predictors showed moderate discrimination (AUC = 0.753, 95% CI, [0.695–0.811]), good calibration (Hosmer-Lemeshow χ2 value = 3.282, P = 0.915) and clinical utility. Risk stratification was performed and three risk intervals were identified. Reintubation was closely associated with poorer in-hospital outcomes, however, no statistically significant association between reintubation and long-term outcomes has been observed in patients who were discharged successfully after surgery.

Conclusions

The requirement of reintubation after AADS is prevalent, closely related to adverse in-hospital outcomes, but there is no statistically significant association between reintubation and long-term outcomes. Predictors were identified and a risk model predicting reintubation was established, which may have clinical utility in early individualized risk assessment and targeted intervention.
Increased serum methylmalonic acid levels were associated with the presence of cardiovascular diseases
Authors: Wang Xiaoya , Li Wudi , Xiang Meixiang
Published: October 2022

Background

Functional vitamin B12 deficiency is common in cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), such as heart failure and myocardial infarction. Methylmalonic acid (MMA) is a specific and sensitive marker of vitamin B12 deficiency. However, there are scarce data in regard to the relationship between MMA and CVDs.

Materials and methods

In this cross-sectional study, we analyzed data of 5,313 adult participants of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2013–2014. Associations between MMA and other variables were assessed with linear regression models. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression models were employed to explore the association between MMA and CVDs.

Results

The weighted prevalence of CVDs was 8.8% in the general population of the USA. Higher MMA levels were found in participants with CVDs (p < 0.001). Linear regression models revealed positive associations between serum MMA level and age (p < 0.001), glycohemoglobin (p = 0.023), fasting glucose (p = 0.044), mean cell volume (p = 0.038), and hypertension (p = 0.003). In the multivariable logistic model adjusting for age, gender, ethnicity, smoking, hypertension, glycohemoglobin, body mass index (BMI), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), renal dysfunction and vitamin B12, serum MMA (adjusted odds ratio, 3.08; 95% confidence interval: 1.63–5.81, p = 0.002, per ln nmol/L increment) was associated with CVDs.

Conclusion

Our study demonstrated that elevated serum MMA levels were independently associated with the presence of CVDs and may be used to predict the occurrence of CVDs.
ECE2 is a prognostic biomarker associated with m6A modification and involved in immune infiltration of lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Zhang Yao-Hua , Zeng Jing , Liu Xu-Sheng , Gao Yan , Kui Xue-Yan , Liu Xiao-Yu , Zhang Yu , Pei Zhi-Jun
Published: October 2022

Background

The targeted therapy for lung cancer relies on prognostic genes and requires further research. No research has been conducted to determine the effect of endothelin-converting enzyme 2 (ECE2) in lung cancer.

Methods

We analyzed the expression of ECE2 in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and normal adjacent tissues and its relationship with clinicopathological characteristics from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus database (GEO). Immunohistochemical staining was used to further validate the findings. GO/KEGG enrichment analysis and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) of ECE2 co-expression were performed using R software. Data from TIMER, the GEPIA database, and TCGA were analyzed to determine the relationship between ECE2 expression and LUAD immune infiltration. To investigate the relationship between ECE2 expression levels and LUAD m6A modification, TCGA data and GEO data were analyzed.

Results

ECE2 is highly expressed in various cancers including LUAD. ECE2 showed high accuracy in distinguishing tumor and normal sample results. The expression level of ECE2 in LUAD was significantly correlated with tumor stage and prognosis. GO/KEGG enrichment analysis showed that ECE2 was closely related to mitochondrial gene expression, ATPase activity and cell cycle. GSEA analysis showed that ECE2-related differential gene enrichment pathways were related to mitotic cell cycle, MYC pathway, PLK1 pathway, DNA methylation pathway, HIF1A pathway and Oxidative stress-induced cellular senescence. Analysis of the TIMER, GEPIA database, and TCGA datasets showed that ECE2 expression levels were significantly negatively correlated with B cells, CD4+ cells, M2 macrophages, neutrophils, and dendritic cells. TCGA and GEO datasets showed that ECE2 was significantly associated with m6A modification-related genes HNRNPC, IGF2BP1, IGF2BP3 and RBM1.

Conclusion

ECE2 is associated with m6A modification and immune infiltration and is a prognostic biomarker in LUAD.
The risk of major osteoporotic fractures with GLP-1 receptor agonists when compared to DPP-4 inhibitors: A Danish nationwide cohort study
Authors: Al-Mashhadi Zheer Kejlberg , Viggers Rikke , Fuglsang-Nielsen Rasmus , Vestergaard Peter , Gregersen Søren , Starup-Linde Jakob
Published: October 2022

Background

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) is associated with an increased fracture risk. There is little evidence for the effects of glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) on fracture risk in T2D. We aimed to investigate the risk of major osteoporotic fractures (MOF) for treatment with GLP-1RA compared to dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors (DPP-4i) as add-on therapies to metformin.

Methods

We conducted a population-based cohort study using Danish national health registries. Diagnoses were obtained from discharge diagnosis codes (ICD-10 and ICD-8-system) from the Danish National Patient Registry, and all redeemed drug prescriptions were obtained from the Danish National Prescription Registry (ATC classification system). Subjects treated with metformin in combination with either GLP-1RA or DPP-4i were enrolled from 2007 to 2018. Subjects were propensity-score matched 1:1 based on age, sex, and index date. MOF were defined as hip, vertebral, humerus, or forearm fractures. A Cox proportional hazards model was utilized to estimate hazard rate ratios (HR) for MOF, and survival curves were plotted using the Kaplan-Meier estimator. In addition, Aalen’s Additive Hazards model was applied to examine additive rather than relative hazard effects while allowing time-varying effects.

Results

In total, 42,816 individuals treated with either combination were identified and included. After matching, 32,266 individuals were included in the main analysis (16,133 in each group). Median follow-up times were 642 days and 529 days in the GLP-1RA and DPP-4i group, respectively. We found a crude HR of 0.89 [0.76–1.05] for MOF with GLP-1RA compared to DPP-4i. In the fully adjusted model, we obtained an unaltered HR of 0.86 [0.73–1.03]. For the case of hip fracture, we found a crude HR of 0.68 [0.49–0.96] and a similar adjusted HR. Fracture risk was lower in the GLP-1RA group when examining higher daily doses of the medications, when allowing follow-up to continue after medication change, and when examining hip fractures, specifically. Additional subgroup- and sensitivity analyses yielded results similar to the main analysis.

Conclusion

In our primary analysis, we did not observe a significantly different risk of MOF between treatment with GLP-1RA and DPP-4i. We conclude that GLP-1RA are safe in terms of fracture.
Plasma lipid levels and risk of retinal vascular occlusion: A genetic study using Mendelian randomization
Authors: Zheng Changwei , Lin Yi , Jiang Bingcai , Zhu Xiaomin , Lin Qianyi , Luo Wangdu , Tang Min , Xie Lin
Published: October 2022

The causal effects of plasma lipid levels and the risk of retinal vascular occlusion (RVO) have not been clearly identified, especially for high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C). Here, we try to identify these causal risk factors using a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were chosen as instrumental variables (IVs). We obtained genetic variants associated with lipid exposure at the genome-wide significance (P<5×10−8) level from a meta-analysis of GWAS from the Global Lipids Genetics Consortium (GLGC) based on 188,577 individuals of mostly European ancestry for MR analyses. Meanwhile, we used lipid GWAS from UK Biobank (UKB) with a sample size of 115,078 individuals as a supplement. We obtained genetic predictors of RVO from a FinnGen biobank study. We conducted both univariable and multivariable MR (MVMR) analyses to identify the causal effects of RVO. Although inverse variance weighted (IVW) was the primary method used for MR analyses, MR–Egger and weighted-median methods were used as supplements to IVW. We determined the heterogeneity of IVs using Cochrane’s Q test and I2, and used the MR–Egger intercept and MR-PRESSO Global test to detect horizontal pleiotropy. A leave-one-out sensitivity analysis was conducted by removing a single variant from the analysis. Genetically predicted increased HDL-C level was associated with decreased risk of RVO from GLGC [OR=0.806; 95% CI=(0.659, 0.986); P=0.036], which was consistent with UKB results [OR=0.766; 95% CI=(0.635, 0.925); P=0.005]. MVMR analysis for plasma lipids [adjusted OR=0.639; 95% CI=(0.411, 0.992); P=0.046] or diabetes [adjusted OR=0.81; 95% CI=(0.67, 0.979); P=0.029] suggested that low HDL-C may be an independent risk factor for RVO. However, there was no evidence to support a causal association between LDL-C {GLGC [adjusted OR=1.015; 95% CI=(0.408, 2.523); P=0.975], UKB [OR=1.115; 95% CI=(0.884, 1.407); P=0.359]}, total cholesterol {GLGC [adjusted OR=0.904; 95% CI=(0.307, 2.659); P=0.854], UKB [OR=1.047; 95% CI=(0.816, 1.344); P=0.716]} or triglycerides {GLGC [OR=1.103; 95% CI=(0.883, 1.378); P=0.385], UKB [OR=1.003; 95% CI=(0.827, 1.217); P=0.098]} and RVO. Using two-sample MR analysis, our study suggested that dyslipidemia was a risk factor for RVO. Furthermore, our results indicated that a low HDL-C level may be an independent risk factor for RVO, suggesting that controlling HDL-C level may be effective in RVO development.
A comparative study of the relationship between circular economy, economic growth, and oil price across South Asian countries
Authors: Apostu Simona Andreea , Hussain Anwar , Kijkasiwat Ploypailin , Vasa Laszlo
Published: October 2022

This study investigates the relationship between economic growth, oil price, and circular economy through biomass energy consumption in South Asian countries, examining the possibility of biomass consumption by enhancing economic growth and decreasing oil price. Energy is the backbone of economic growth, while biomass energy resources being the best renewable energy resource alternative considering the production cost. There are no studies in the literature with regard to the influence of biomass consumption on economic growth and oil price; our study has been designed to fill this gap. For this, we used data for the period 2010–2020 and ARDL and Granger causality. The findings show that all elasticities are statistically significant in the short term for Pakistan, India, Bangladesh, and Sri Lanka. In the long term, coefficients of oil price for Pakistan and Sri Lanka are positively associated with significant elasticities, whereas biomass energy consumption is negatively associated with oil price in India and Bangladesh. Biomass energy consumption significantly impacts the economic growth of Pakistan and Bangladesh in the long term, whereas in the case of India and Bangladesh, an association between biomass energy consumption and GDP is shown. As a policy implication, governments can create and adjust policies in order to reduce costs in the energy system and protect the environment from pollution with the adoption of a biomass energy system because fossil oil and coal energy systems are unfavorable to economic growth, especially across South Asian countries.
Identification of a novel founder variant in DNAI2 cause primary ciliary dyskinesia in five consanguineous families derived from a single tribe descendant of Arabian Peninsula
Authors: Al-Mutairi Dalal A. , Alsabah Basel H. , Alkhaledi Bashar A. , Pennekamp Petra , Omran Heymut
Published: October 2022

Introduction: Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is caused by dysfunction of motile cilia resulting in insufficient mucociliary clearance of the lungs. The overall aim of this study is to identify disease causing genetic variants for PCD patients in the Kuwaiti population.

Methods: A cohort of multiple consanguineous PCD families was identified from Kuwaiti patients and genomic DNA from the family members was analysed for variant screening. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and immunofluorescent (IF) analyses were performed on nasal brushings to detect specific structural abnormalities within ciliated cells.

Results: All the patients inherited the same founder variant in DNAI2 and exhibited PCD symptoms. TEM analysis demonstrated lack of outer dynein arms (ODA) in all analysed samples. IF analysis confirmed absence of DNAI1, DNAI2, and DNAH5 from the ciliary axoneme. Whole exome sequencing, autozygosity mapping and segregation analysis confirmed that seven patients carry the same homozygous missense variant (DNAI2:c.740G>A; p.Arg247Gln; rs755060592).

Conclusion:DNAI2:c.740G>A is the founder variant causing PCD in patients belonging to a particular Arabian tribe which practices consanguineous marriages.
A resource scheduling method for reliable and trusted distributed composite services in cloud environment based on deep reinforcement learning
Authors: Yu Lei , Yu Philip S. , Duan Yucong , Qiao Hongyu
Published: October 2022

With the vigorous development of Internet technology, applications are increasingly migrating to the cloud. Cloud, a distributed network environment, has been widely extended to many fields such as digital finance, supply chain management, and biomedicine. In order to meet the needs of the rapid development of the modern biomedical industry, the biological cloud platform is an inevitable choice for the integration and analysis of medical information. It improves the work efficiency of the biological information system and also realizes reliable and credible intelligent processing of biological resources. Cloud services in bioinformatics are mainly for the processing of biological data, such as the analysis and processing of genes, the testing and detection of human tissues and organs, and the storage and transportation of vaccines. Biomedical companies form a data chain on the cloud, and they provide services and transfer data to each other to create composite services. Therefore, our motivation is to improve process efficiency of biological cloud services. Users’ business requirements have become complicated and diversified, which puts forward higher requirements for service scheduling strategies in cloud computing platforms. In addition, deep reinforcement learning shows strong perception and continuous decision-making capabilities in automatic control problems, which provides a new idea and method for solving the service scheduling and resource allocation problems in the cloud computing field. Therefore, this paper designs a composite service scheduling model under the containers instance mode which hybrids reservation and on-demand. The containers in the cluster are divided into two instance modes: reservation and on-demand. A composite service is described as a three-level structure: a composite service consists of multiple services, and a service consists of multiple service instances, where the service instance is the minimum scheduling unit. In addition, an improved Deep Q-Network (DQN) algorithm is proposed and applied to the scheduling algorithm of composite services. The experimental results show that applying our improved DQN algorithm to the composite services scheduling problem in the container cloud environment can effectively reduce the completion time of the composite services. Meanwhile, the method improves Quality of Service (QoS) and resource utilization in the container cloud environment.
Interleukin-26–DNA complexes promote inflammation and dermal-epidermal separation in a modified human cryosection model of bullous pemphigoid
Authors: Mizuno Yuka , Shibata Sayaka , Ito Yukiko , Taira Haruka , Sugimoto Eiki , Awaji Kentaro , Sato Shinichi
Published: October 2022

Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is an autoimmune disease characterized by autoantibody-mediated activation of immune cells and subepidermal blister formation. Excess amounts of extracellular DNA are produced in BP, however, it remains unclear how extracellular DNA contributes to BP pathogenesis. Here we show a possible mechanism by which interleukin (IL)-26 binds to extracellular DNA released from neutrophils and eosinophils to support DNA sensing. Patients with BP exhibited high circulating levels of IL-26, forming IL-26–DNA complexes in the upper dermis and inside the blisters. IL-26–DNA complexes played a dual role in regulating local immunity and blister formation. First, they enhanced the production of inflammatory cytokines in monocytes and neutrophils. Second, and importantly, the complexes augmented the production and activity of proteases from co-cultured monocytes and neutrophils, which induced BP180 cleavage in keratinocytes and dermal-epidermal separation in a modified human cryosection model. Collectively, we propose a model in which IL-26 and extracellular DNA synergistically act on immune cells to enhance autoantibody-driven local immune responses and protease-mediated fragility of dermal-epidermal junction in BP.