bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Statutory Regulation of Living of Employees of Military Industry Enterprises of Russia in the Second Half of the XIX to the Beginning of the XX Century
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Theory and History of State and Law of the Bryansk Branch of the Plekhanov Russian University of Economics Doctor of History, Associate Professor, Bobkov Vladimir A.
Published: August 2021

On the basis of historical documents that were not previously introduced into a wide scientific circulation, the features of the normative legal regulation of the life of workers of military-industrial enterprises (arsenals and factories) of Russia in the second half of the 19th — early 20th centuries are reconstructed. The dependence of the social relations considered in the article on the development of civil and military legislation of the Russian Empire is shown. The publication found that the legal regulation sought to cover most aspects of the life of workers in military enterprises. The military authorities gave legislative incentives to impeccable and high-quality work, designated socio-economic guarantees for workers in the event of injury, injury or retirement. The corresponding punitive norms of the military legislation were applied to the workers of the military-industrial enterprises who were careless about the case, and sometimes committing antisocial actions. In general, civil and military legislation were harmoniously combined and successfully regulated the life of workers of military-industrial enterprises of Russia in the second half of the 19th — early 20th centuries. Effective legislative regulation helped boost productivity in military factories and arsenals, and ultimately ensured the strength of domestic weapons and increased Russia’s national security.
The USSR Voluntary Jurisdiction Bodies (1961 to 1991): Legal Issues in the Judicial Authority Mechanism
Authors:   Chief Research Scientist of the Russian State University of Justice Professor of the Russian Customs Academy Member of the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences Honored Lawyer of the Russian Federation LL.D., Professor, Tuganov Yuriy N. , Aulov Vladimir K. ,   Assistant Professor of the Department of Administrative and Financial Law of the Russian Customs Academy PhD (Law), Associate Professor
Published: August 2021

The article uses the example of public courts and friendly courts of honor to investigate non-judicial jurisdiction as a way of procedural economy and reducing the burden on the courts in resolving legal disputes and socially significant conflicts. The conclusion is made about the exclusive nature of the friendly courts of honor as a body of public jurisdiction.
On Restoration of the Investment Income at a Military Serviceman`s Personal Saving Account in Case of Their Undue Inclusion into the Register of Participants of the Savings and Mortgage System
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Criminal Law and National Security of the Novosibirsk State University of Economics and Management (NSUEM) PhD (Law), Petrov Ivan V. , Maksimov Artem V. ,   Research Scientist of the Extradepartmental Institute of Security and Investigation
Published: August 2021

In accordance with Federal law No. 117-FZ of August 20, 2004 «On the accumulative mortgage system of housing provision for military personnel», in the modern period of time, it has already allowed many military personnel to purchase their own housing. However, like any public relations, the exercise of their right to housing has a number of issues, including those related to late registration in the register of participants in the accumulative mortgage system, which in turn causes a decrease in funds on the registered savings account.
Psychological Conditions for Correction and Optimization of Personal Development of Adolescents with Depressive Disorders
Authors: Bihun Nelia , Malyna Olena , Doichyk Maksym , Hoian Ihor , Harkavenko Nina , Symonenko Svitlana
Published: August 2021

The article presents a theoretical generalization and a new solution to a scientific problem, expressed in the application of an innovative personal approach to solving the problem of adolescent depressive disorders, the basis of which is the scientific and methodological interpretation of personal development as a defining construct of the system of psychological conditions for the onset of depressive disorders, models of their diagnosis and psychological conditions for overcoming , which ensures the formation of adolescents' ability to effective personal self-regulation and an arbitrary choice of constructive ways of self-realization. The methodological foundations of the study of the personal properties of adolescents with depressive disorders are disclosed, a program for the diagnosis of personal symptoms of depressive disorders of various forms of severity in adolescent schoolchildren is presented; carried out a quantitative and qualitative analysis of the results of the ascertaining experiment on the psychological conditions of the onset of depressive disorders in adolescent schoolchildren and the personality traits of adolescents with depressive disorders; the description of personal phenomenology and symptomatology of depressive disorders in adolescents has been carried out. Theoretical substantiation of the formative experiment is given, the program of correction and optimization of personal development of teenagers as a means of overcoming their depressive disorders is presented, the quantitative and qualitative analysis of the results of its approbation is carried out. A profound restructuring of the structure and qualitative characteristics of the psychological conditions of the personal development of adolescents, their system of personal self-regulation, optimizes the functioning of the mechanism of personal sensitivity - "Ego" -tolerance to destructive influences, is, as the results of the application of the experimental correctional and developmental program, an effective way to overcome depression in adolescents’ disorders.
Creativity, Readiness for Changes and Tolerance for Ambiguity
Authors: Vynohradova Viktoriia , Bila Iryna , Kostyuchenko Olena , Oborska Svitlana , Dykhnych Liudmyla
Published: August 2021

Under the conditions of precarious situation, caused by the global pandemic and unprecedented restrictions, aimed at countering it, productivity of specialists in various fields of work is reducing significantly. This is particularly true of activities, conducted through direct communication between concerned parties. In order to counter instability, workers have to develop creativity, readiness for changes and tolerance for ambiguity. The goal of research is to establish correlations between the type of professional activity and creativity, readiness for changes and tolerance for ambiguity. The respondents of the study were 260 people of working age –the staff of event, tourism, restaurant business, trade, IT spheres. The research procedure included organizational, target-oriented, empirical, final stages. Time limits of the study – April – July 2020. For psychodiagnostics the article uses the Torrance test of creative thinking, diagnostics of personal creativity by Tunik, the methodology “personal readiness for changes”, the scale of individual’s tolerance for ambiguity by McLain. The study found clear correlations between the indicators of creativity, readiness for changes and tolerance for ambiguity. The original model of a creative specialist (endowed with originality, adaptability, optimism and common sense) in the conditions of changes and uncertainty was formed in the research. The results of psychodiagnostics showed the highest indicators of creativity among IT workers, readiness for changes–among the staff of IT and event spheres, tolerance for ambiguity–among retail workers. In the conditions of pandemic destruction, the workers of the tourism industry were the least creative, while the workers of the event sphere turned out to be unprepared for changes and the workers of the event and tourism industries –intolerant for ambiguity. The results of the study can be used to develop correctional programs to increase the staff’s creativity, readiness for changes, tolerance for ambiguity. It is the development and implementation of effective psycho-correctional programs for the use of real communication and digital tools that are the prospect of further scientific research on the ways to solve the problem.
Communicative Competence as a Component of the Professional Development of Psychology Students
Authors: Batsylyeva Olga , Puz Irina , Astakhov Volodymir , Yalanska Svitlana , Аtamanchuk Nina , Saiko Nataliia
Published: August 2021

The paper analyzes the issue of communicative competence as an element of the professional development of students studying psychology. It is established that in order to become a professional psychologist, a person should possess a number of essential psychological skills, such as communicative competence realized in the possession of verbal and nonverbal means of communication, ability to initiate and maintain contact. Based on this, the aim of the article was to conduct an empirical study on the communicative competence features as a component of the professional development of upcoming psychologists. A set of psychodiagnostic methods was selected, which helped to study the main parameters of communicative competence, features of professional orientation and motivation of future professional activity. The obtained results were subjected to quantitative and qualitative analysis. The sample included 72 Bachelor’s degree psychology students studying at Vasyl’ Stus Donetsk National University. The research consisted of two stages. The first stage incorporated the assessment of communicative competence, based on which the sample of subjects was divided into 3 subgroups according to their level of communicative competence development. The second stage analyzed the features of professional motivation and attitude to one’s own professional development of psychology students with different levels of communicative competence development. The results demonstrate that students with a high level of communicative competence in comparison with students with medium and low levels of communicative competence in the structure of professional motivation are dominated by intrinsic motivation, which indicates that for such students their future profession itself is very important. Moreover, these students have a clear idea of their future professional activity, are more professionally oriented, which will contribute to their successful professional development.
Future Psychologist's Mental Orientation at the Correctional Support of the Children with Impaired Mental and Physical Development
Authors: Afuzova Hanna , Rudenko Liliia , Stepanchenko Nataliya , Shkrabiuk Veronika , Martsyniak-Dorosh Oksana , Dubovyk Olena
Published: August 2021

The practice of the integrated techniques of teaching children with impaired development of various nosological categories in comprehensive schools together with children with normal development is becoming increasingly extensive alongside with a series of researches in this direction. As it follows, in this complicated process a mentally correctional support of an educated specialist is essential for a child with impaired mental and physical development. The findings of the theoretical analysis of the role and place of the orientation phenomenon in the personality's professional activity have been given. Particular attention is focused upon the content, structure and formation levels of the personality's professional orientation in adolescence; as well as on the peculiarities of the correctional support in the context of the psychological assistance to the children with alternative abilities. The specificity of the empirical research of the peculiarities of future psychologists' professional orientation at the correctional support of alternatively able children has been described. The qualification characterization of a future special psychologist's support has been presented, the techniques and methods of the investigation of the psychological peculiarities of the professional orientation at correctional support have been outlined, the findings of the empirical research have been analyzed. The theoretical and methodological foundations of the psychological provision of the formation process of the future psychologist's professional orientation at the correctional support of the children with alternative abilities have been discussed. The organization of the activity aimed at the development of the future special psychologists' professional orientation has been described, methodological apparatus has been worked out and the approbation results have been adduced. On the basis of the findings the conclusion may be drawn that the suggested methodology is correct, the tasks have been successfully performed, the objective has been achieved, the efficiency of the methodological recommendations has been verified.
Educating Students with Special Educational Needs in the Context of Modern Neurosciences
Authors: Pshenychna Natalia , Mishenina Tetiana , Poplavska Tetiana , Dzhus Oksana , Serheieva Valentyna , Babii Inna
Published: August 2021

The relevance of this topic resides in the fact that children with special developmental needs should have equal opportunities with other children in getting training and this means not only creation of technical conditions for unimpeded access of children with disabilities to secondary schools, but also specifics of the educational process to be built taking into account psychophysical abilities of physically disabled children. The article presents research results of domestic and foreign scientists, teachers and psychologists on education of students with special needs in the context of modern neuropsychology. It is the neuropsychology of children that allows us to get acquainted closer with peculiarities of children’s development and, accordingly, to correctly determine methods and principles of working with students. We considered disorders in the process of ontogenesis, which most often occur in children: speech delay, autism, hyperactivity, intellectual disabilities. All of them complicate social connections, which often leads to low self-esteem, especially with hyperactive children and students with speech impairments. Therefore, in the process of educating students with special needs, domestic scientists call for the use of neuropsychological correction, which is the basis of social protection of children with developmental problems and creates the most favorable conditions for their education and socialization. Methods of correctional work are aimed not only at overcoming some of the disorders, but at development of a harmonious personality.
The System of Modern Social Work with Children with Disabilities in the Context of Neuropedagogy: Traditions and Innovations
Authors: Vynogradova Olena , Zdanevych Larysa , Sivak Nataliia , MELNYCHUK Svitlana , Polianovska Olha , Motoziuk Liudmyla
Published: August 2021

The article deals with the interaction of sociology, in particular the practice of social work, with neuropedagogy and neuropsychology; The main political, legal and pedagogical principles of neuropedagogy of disability are outlined. Taking into account the new inclusive paradigm of disability, modern social, pedagogical and psychological approaches to accompanying children with special needs, the points of intersection of neuropsychology with other socio-humanitarian disciplinesю There is also a brief digression into the formation of neuropedagogy as a science, the classical principles that formed its basis and the main achievements in modern times (since the 70's of the twentieth century). The article identifies and compares a set of psychophysiological and social problems of children with disabilities, which can be solved by the integrated use of social support and neuropedagogy. The expediency of development and implementation of scientific results of the newest interdisciplinary field - neurosociology is substantiated. During the research, methods relevant for theoretical works were used - historical excursion, analysis of theoretical material, generalization, comparison, interdisciplinary extrapolation. The discussion revealed that the patterns obtained during the study of traditions and innovations in the system of social work and neuropedagogical support are currently relevant and widely analyzed in scientific discourse: in sociology, pedagogy, psychology, defectology, correction, rehabilitation and medicine. It is established that the prospect of further research is a constructive synthesis of the above disciplines in the field of neurosociology with the development and delineation of a universal categorical apparatus and methodological and diagnostic tools.
Peculiarities of Forming Students' Motivation to Music-Teaching Activity in Higher Education Institutions (HEI)
Authors: Khomenko Leonid , Rastruba Tetiana , Parkhomenko Oleksandr , Shumska Lyudmyla , Kostenko Liudmyla , Pavlenko Oleksii
Published: August 2021

Motivation is one of the most important factors (along with abilities, knowledge, skills and abilities) that ensures the success of music teaching. Becoming a successful teacher of art disciplines is closely related to the internal needs of his self-realization in professional activities, self-awareness in this state. The pedagogical profession requires from the teacher the formed need for artistic and educational activity, awareness of its importance for the spiritual development of society; high level of ideological, humanitarian and aesthetic culture; developed professional and pedagogical abilities, deep professional knowledge and skills, experience of artistic and creative pedagogical activity. The artistic needs of students arise and develop in the process of music-educational activities, which should be based on their positive emotional attitude to it. It is proved that in the process of educational activity a system of mental actions of reproductive and productive nature is formed, which is self-regulated and self-organized by the individual. Any activity, and in this case educational, is affected by certain incentives that become the driving force of student activity. Such incentives are needs, interests, beliefs, values, ideals, forming the motivation to learn. Along with the abilities, knowledge, and skills that ensure the success of teaching, motivation also includes emotional and value attitudes, sustained interest and inclination of the future teacher to pedagogical work; the need for active influence on the moral and emotional, intellectual and volitional spheres of the student's personality.
Anti-mobbing Technology in the Conditions of an Educational Institution in Ukraine
Authors: Shvardak Marianna , Halus Oleksandr , Popovych Oksana , Ivanova Victoria , Molnar Tetiana
Published: August 2021

The article reveals the essence of the concept "mobbing" and its classification in the context of pedagogical management. An empirical study has been conducted to identify the presence, frequency, causes, features of manifestations and consequences of mobbing processes in the teaching staff of general secondary education in Ukraine. Methods of randomized experiment, correlation analysis, scaling and ranking were used to process the research results. The results of the correlation analysis revealed causal relationships between some causes, manifestations, consequences of mobbing and certain statistical characteristics. The results of the empirical study prove the presence and prevalence of cases of mobbing in the teaching staff of secondary schools in Ukraine. The results of the study allow us to conclude that in general secondary education institutions, depending on the status of the persons involved, all three types of mobbing are implemented. Vertical prevails - 41.5%. Horizontal - 27.7% of respondents, mixed - 11.8%. 19% of respondents did not face mobbing. Depending on the specifics of harassment, there are different variations of mobbing processes, which sometimes overlap in their manifestations. Bosing prevails - 41.5%. 27.7% indicated bullying, social isolation - 15.8%, staffing - 14.7%, sandwich mobbing - 11.8%, gaslighting - 8.4%, outing - 7.7%, ageism - 6.8%, stalking - 5.9%, cyber mobbing - 4.7%. Also, based on the results of the survey, we can conclude that in educational institutions there are manifestations of obstruction - 3.1% of respondents. The general bases of anti-mobbing technology have been developed - a system of measures of the head and pedagogical workers to prevent, detect and combat harassment, moral pressure, psychological terror in an educational institution.
Academic Service-Learning as a Factor for the Development of Autonomous Learning Skills at Universities
Authors: Mukan Nataliya , Lavrysh Yuliana , Klontsak Oresta , Mukan Olena , Horokhivska Tetiana , Stechkevych Oleh
Published: August 2021

In recent years, there has been a growing interest in the issues of academic service-learning in the system of higher education which is particularly important for modern pedagogical theory and practice. The article outlines the peculiarities of academic service-learning integration into the system of university education as autonomous learning fostering factor. The concept of “academic service-learning” has been specified in the article. It has been determined that academic service-learning is based on the principles of different scientific and pedagogical theories, including pragmatism, experimental learning, critical pedagogy, constructivism, social constructivism, and postmodernism. We employed an empirical method of the experiment data analysis to verify our hypothesis that service-learning fosters the development of autonomous learning. Participants from three Ukrainian universities took part in the research performing different community-engaged activities. Students’ level of autonomous learning skills was measured and compared at pre and post stages of the experiment. In order to practice the skills of autonomous learning, students had to carry out a social activity planned and organized themselves with partial educators’ support. Considering the results of the research, we developed recommendations on the successful integration of academic service-learning into higher education with the focus on autonomous learning skills development.
An Appropriate Set of Skills for Limiting the Spread of Fake News
Authors: Acomi Nicoleta , Siguencia Luis Ochoa , Acomi Ovidiu
Published: August 2021

The diversity of news distributed via social media communication channels exposes citizens to large scale disinformation including misleading and false information. In this context of the massive use of social media and considering the EU Youth Strategy 2019-2027 with regards to democracy, there is a strong need for analytical skills. The main problem is the reduced level of commitment of people to evaluate social media news and to develop the proper analytical skills. This paper aims at exemplifying the utility of conducting survey-based primary research for identifying the most appropriate analytical skills for dealing with fake news. The research method consists of establishing and distributing a questionnaire targeting various categories of people. Feedback was collected through an online survey in 2020. The questionnaire included category questions aiming at analysing the responses from the age, youth category and time spent online perspective. This approach is thought to provide data of sufficient quality and quantity to meet the objective of identifying the most appropriate analytical skills for dealing with fake news. The results of this study emphasize the views of respondents with regards to fake news approach, the extent to which various categories of people are checking the news before sharing, as well as the preferred criteria used for verifying the correctness of the news from social media. Based on the analysis of the results, the author proposed a set of solutions to empower youth to evaluate fake news and to detect disinformation campaigns across social networks.
Increasing Students’ Motivation for the Health-Preserving Activities
Authors: Shcherbak Iryna , Drozhyk Liudmila , Boichuk Yurii , Nizhevska Tetiana , Prokopenko Ivan
Published: August 2021

This article studies the measures to increase motivation of the first-year students in terms of health-preserving activity. The study involved first-year students of various specialties of H. S. Skovoroda Kharkiv National Pedagogical University (Ukraine). The study was performed in three stages. At the first stage, we conducted an anonymous test to determine the motivation of future professionals towards health-preserving activity, the results of which has shown, that 46% of students had a low level and did not have a need for health care; they were not motivated to a healthy lifestyle, while having harmful habits, 35% of students had an average level and were willing to take measures to support their health. And only 19% had a higher level of motivation for health-preserving activitie. At the second stage in the educational process the formation of sustainable motivation and values to health-preserving activities was provided by non-traditional lectures (problem-solving lectures, lectures-presentations, lectures-discussions, organization of practical and seminar classes using innovative teaching methods, organization of educational activities). As an outcome of conducted activities we arranged an anonymous survey among students, the results of which has shown that the level of students motivated to health-preserving activities has increased. 30% of students had a high level of motivation. The majority of students (48%) had an average level of motivation for health-preserving activities and expressed a desire to be engaged in health activities. Students who had a low level of motivation also reconsidered their habits and began to pay attention towards their own health support. Their number decreased to 22%. This indicates the effectiveness of various measures in the educational process to increase student motivation for health-preserving activities. Such data indicates on the effectiveness of health activities support during the educational and training activities of students.
Rapid ultrasound diagnosis of laryngeal diseases during preventive examinations in children and adolescents
Authors:   Irkutsk State Medical University, Irkutsk, 664003, Russia, Subbotina M. V. ,   Irkutsk Children's City Polyclinic N 3, Irkutsk, 664003, Russia, Prikhod’ko T. D. ,   Clinical Hospital „Russian Railways-Medicine Irkutsk“, Irkutsk, 664005, Russia,   Irkutsk State Regional Children's Clinical Hospital, Irkutsk, 664022, Russia
Published: August 2021

The purpose of our work was to the express diagnosis of laryngeal diseases by ultrasound scanning on children and adolescents during preventive examinations. Patients and methods: As part of a routine medical examination, 392 preschoolers and 622 senior pupils were examined in the children’s city polyclinic No. 3 in Irkutsk. All children underwent examination of ENT organs and ultrasound scanning (USS) of the larynx in the transverse direction on a portable Aloka SSD-500 apparatus with a 5 MHz sensor. We evaluated the echogenicity of the laryngeal lumen, the mobility of the vocal folds, and measured the vocal fold length from the anterior commissure to the echogenic arytenoid cartilages. Results: Dysphonia was detected in 35 (9%) preschoolers and 20 (3,2 %) high school students. With USS, all the subjects with dysphonia, except one, the larynx lumen remained echo negative, as in normal, and the mobility of the folds was symmetrical, which made it possible to exclude laryngeal tumors and laryngeal paresis. Later, during laryngoscopy, preschoolers with voice impairment were diagnosed with functional dysphonia in 23 cases and nodules of the vocal folds in 12 cases, in 15 high school students – a voice mutation, in 4 – hypotonic dysphonia. USS of the larynx made it possible to diagnose paralysis of the left half of the larynx in 2 twin girls of 6 years old without dysphonia, who had a history of heart surgery, and a volumetric formation of the left vocal fold (recurrent laryngeal papillomatosis) in a 15-year-old teenage girl. The length of the vocal folds in adolescents with a voice mutation was more than 2 cm, which corresponded to the size of the adult larynx. Conclusion: Dysphonia was detected in 9% of preschoolers and 3,2% of senior pupils. Ultrasound scanning can be used as a rapid diagnostic method of the larynx during preventive examinations. It allows detection of impaired mobility of the vocal folds and laryngeal tumors.
Ethmoid labyrinth osteoma: case report
Authors:   Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry,  Moscow, 127473, Russia, Edzhe M. A. , Ovchinnikov A. Yu. ,   Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry,  Moscow, 127473, Russia, Semiletova D. O. ,   Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry,  Moscow, 127473, Russia
Published: August 2021

Osteomas are common benign slowly growing neoplasms that make up a group of osteogenic tumors, occurring mainly in the lower jaw and the sinonasal region with the involvement of the frontal sinuses in 80–96%, an ethmoid labyrinth in 2–15%, maxillary in 2–5% of cases, and extremely rarely – sphenoid sinuses. Among all benign tumors of the paranasal sinuses, osteomas occur in 3–10% of patients. The tumor can have a different density, as well as grow both on a pedicle and on a broad base, which makes it difficult to extract, especially when located in the frontal sinus. There is also a risk of developing liquorrhea when the osteoma adheres to the base of the skull. Patients and methods: Patient G., 67 years old, with complaints of impaired nasal breathing, postnasal leakage of mucous discharge into the pharynx, and recurrent headache localized in the frontal region, was admitted for planned surgical treatment to the otorhinolaryngological department of the Clinical Medical Center of the Evdokimov Moscow State Medical University. The listed symptoms have been noted over the past year. A computed tomogram of the head revealed a picture of an osteoma of the ethmoid sinus on the right, adjacent to the base of the skull in the area of the lateral lamella of the middle turbinate. Results: A transnasal endoscopic approach to the roof of the ethmoid labyrinth was performed by removing the middle turbinate, resecting the ethmoid bulla. After removal of the tumor, a naked area of the dura mater and pinpoint liquorrhea were visualized. Plastic surgery of the skull base defect was performed using several layers of biodegradable hemostatic material. Conclusion: Osteoma of the paranasal sinuses is a well-visualized tumor on a computed tomography, which usually does not require histological confirmation. At the same time, surgical treatment of this type of tumor may be accompanied by difficulties in their extraction, when located in the frontal sinus, as well as the risk of liquorrhea, when adhering to the base of the skull, which requires the surgeon to have skills in closing defects of the skull base and knowledge of the features of postoperative management.
Local application of combined natural essential oils for pain relief after elective throat surgery in the early postoperative period
Authors:   Pauls Stradins Clinical University Hospital, Riga, Latvia, Ronis M. , Katovich D. ,   Riga Stradins University, Riga, Latvia, Sumeraga G. ,   Pauls Stradins Clinical University Hospital, Riga, Latvia
Published: August 2021

Tonsillectomy, cryptolysis of the palatine tonsils, and removal of various formations in the pharyngeal region are the most common elective operations in otorhinolaryngology. Pain in the early postoperative period is still the most frequent complication after these procedures, which can adversely affect the patient’s daily life. Considering the potential analgesic and anti-inflammatory effect of essential oil preparations, as well as their ability to be easily applied locally to the affected mucosal surface, it is worth considering their use to reduce pain and dysphagia in the postoperative period in the upper respiratory tract. The study involved 77 patients who were randomly divided into 2 groups: patients taking a drug containing combined natural essential oils (CNEO) and patients taking a placebo. In the course of the study, a questionnaire was used, according to which patients were interviewed immediately after the operation, then on the 3rd and 10th postoperative days. The results of the study show that the drug does not directly reduce postoperative pain in the pharynx, but in patients in the group with the drug based on combined essential oils, the frequency of taking non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) was less than in patients in the placebo group, which indirectly proves the effectiveness of the drug based on combined essential oils. Given the fact that the frequency of NSAID use is lower in the CPNEM group, it can be assumed that the study drug reduces the risk of side effects caused by NSAID use, and can also be an alternative method of pain relief for patients who are contraindicated in NSAIDs.
Weakly Free Multialgebras
Authors: Coniglio Marcelo Esteban , Vicentin de Toledo Guilherme
Published: August 2021

In abstract algebraic logic, many systems, such as those paraconsistent logics taking inspiration from da Costa's hierarchy, are not algebraizable by even the broadest standard methodologies, as that of Blok and Pigozzi. However, these logics can be semantically characterized by means of non-deterministic algebraic structures such as Nmatrices, RNmatrices and swap structures. These structures are based on multialgebras, which generalize algebras by allowing the result of an operation to assume a non-empty set of values. This leads to an interest in exploring the foundations of multialgebras applied to the study of logic systems.
It is well known from universal algebra that, for every signature \(\Sigma\), there exist algebras over \(\Sigma\) which are absolutely free, meaning that they do not satisfy any identities or, alternatively, satisfy the universal mapping property for the class of \(\Sigma\)-algebras. Furthermore, once we fix a cardinality of the generating set, they are, up to isomorphisms, unique, and equal to algebras of terms (or propositional formulas, in the context of logic). Equivalently, the forgetful functor, from the category of \(\Sigma\)-algebras to Set, has a left adjoint. This result does not extend to multialgebras. Not only multialgebras satisfying the universal mapping property do not exist, but the forgetful functor \(\mathcal{U}\), from the category of \(\Sigma\)-multialgebras to Set, does not have a left adjoint.
In this paper we generalize, in a natural way, algebras of terms to multialgebras of terms, whose family of submultialgebras enjoys many properties of the former. One example is that, to every pair consisting of a function, from a submultialgebra of a multialgebra of terms to another multialgebra, and a collection of choices (which selects how a homomorphism approaches indeterminacies), there corresponds a unique homomorphism, what resembles the universal mapping property. Another example is that the multialgebras of terms are generated by a set that may be viewed as a strong basis, which we call the ground of the multialgebra. Submultialgebras of multialgebras of terms are what we call weakly free multialgebras. Finally, with these definitions at hand, we offer a simple proof that multialgebras with the universal mapping property for the class of all multialgebras do not exist and that \(\mathcal{U}\) does not have a left adjoint.
​Atrial Septal Defect (Secundum Type) in Dogs- A Study for 15 Years
Authors: Kumar K. Satish , Kumar V.V.V. Amruth
Published: August 2021

Background: Congenital anomalies in dogs are the defects present at birth and often lead to perinatal death if it involves any vital organ or system like cardiovascular system. Some dogs may remain asymptomatic or may have non cardiac manifestations and hence, undetected until later in life, so the percentage of dogs with congenital heart diseases that survive to adulthood can be rather high. Atrial septal defect (ASD) is an unusual congenital heart disease in dogs that is characterized by communication between the two atria due to a defect in the interatrial septum. Methods: A thorough clinical examination followed by physical examination, thoracic radiography and 2d-echocardiography was performed to determine the septal defect. Doppler evaluation of ASD dogs was carried out to confirm the blood flow direction through the septal defect, which was managed medically. Result: In the present study, ASD (secundum type) was diagnosed in 7 dogs (7.5%) aged between 2y-6y. Boxer, German shepherd, Cocker spaniel, Daschund and Pomeranian were the breeds affected. Soft systolic murmur on left heart base and pulmonic valve area, low intensity heart sounds, distended jugular vein, jugular pulse and ascites were the significant findings on physical examination. Though few dogs (21%) were asymptomatic, exercise intolerance, dyspnoea, general weakness, cough and syncope were the presenting signs among other cases. Enlarged right heart, pleural effusion and pulmonary overcirculation were radiographic findings. 2d-echocardiographic evaluation determined the presence of the defect as a loss of echogenicity at the interatrial septum and presence of interatrial communication of varied size, enlargement of main pulmonary artery and thick atrio-ventricular valves but with normal left atrium:aorta base ratio, increased fractional shortening, systolic function and paradoxal septal motion. The colour flow Doppler study demonstrated a continuous flow with left-to-right shunt.
Brewing tests of new fine aroma hop varieties (Humulus lupulus L.) Saaz Brilliant, Saaz Comfort and Saaz Shine
Authors: Mikyška Alexandr , Štěrba Karel , Slabý Martin , Nesvadba Vladimír , Charvátová Jitka
Published: August 2021

Characterization of varietal profiles of hop secondary metabolites in beer is of considerable importance for hop growing and brewing. This three-year study focused on pilot brewing tests of three new Saaz derived hop varieties, namely Saaz Brilliant, Saaz Shine and Saaz Comfort. The sensory profiles of kettle and kettle+dry single hopped beers were monitored. At the same time, the impact of dry hopping technology on sensory perception of final beers and changes in volatile compounds was investigated. Pilot brews (200 l) of 12% pale lager were prepared in kettle and kettle+dry variants using the new Czech varieties and traditional Saaz as a control sample. Essential oils in beers were determined by GC/MS-MS method with the aim to clarify links to the beer sensory profile of both, kettle and dry hopping mode. The descriptive sensory method of hop-derived aromas and the triangle tests were employed to determine the sensory quality of beer. The overall sensory impression of beers from all tested varieties was at least comparable to traditional Saaz, and Saaz Comfort even reached better evaluation. The profile of essential oils and hop flavours in beer was partially different, however it was not rated worse than Saaz. The kettle+dry hopped beers of new varieties were significantly different from Saaz in the triangle test, Saaz Brilliant was preferred over the Saaz. The results showed considerable potential of new varieties for the production of interesting and taste-specific beers and the enrichment of the spectrum of fine aroma varieties of Czech hops.
Analysis and prognosis of bitter acids content in Czech hop varieties – year 2020 and long-term comparisons and trends
Authors: Mikyška Alexandr , Belešová Klára , Tichá Jana
Published: August 2021

The article deals with the harvest forecast of the content of bitter acids in Czech hop varieties harvested in 2020. This is presented in the context of long-term trends in the content and composition of bitter acids analogues and the stability of the varietal characteristics in the aforementioned harvest. This analysis is usually available at the end of the calendar year. 180 hop samples were analysed using EBC 7.7 (HPLC) method. The α-acids content in the most important variety of Saaz (3.65% in dry matter) was 12.8% rel. higher than in the 2019 harvest and 4.2% rel. higher than the 28-year average. The α-acids content in Saaz Late (3.23%), Sladek (7.9%), Kazbek (6.4%) and Agnus (12.4%) was significantly higher than both the long-term averages for the varieties and the harvest of 2019. The Premiant (8.0%) variety was close to the long-term average. The ratio of α-/β-acids, the relative content of cohumulone and the relative content of colupulone were consistent with long-term averages of the tested varieties. It was confirmed that the harvest forecast provides timely information on the α-acids content of the given harvest, the results being in good agreement with the values of the final evaluation of all harvested hops.
Desarrollo de modelo de rotor Darrieus para banco eólico de eje vertical
Authors: Rodríguez-Díaz Juan Camilo , Espinosa-Sarmiento Angie Lizeth , Quintero-Gamboa Yina Faizully
Published: August 2021

El uso del teorema Π de Buckingham permite el reconocimiento de variables de interés en estudios con modelos en túneles de viento. Con esto se logra replicar y reducir prototipos en modelos de laboratorio para la medición de valores geométricos, dinámicos y cinemáticos. Se presenta el desarrollo matemático y mecánico de un rotor Darrieus H para un banco eólico de eje vertical. Asimismo, se muestran las ecuaciones paramétricas obtenidas junto al modelo CAD. La obtención de dicho modelo se basa en la reducción de un prototipo existente. El uso de herramientas teórico-matemáticas permite la reducción de costos y de logística en el desarrollo de nuevas tecnologías y máquinas.
Tipología de visitantes a destinos de turismo religioso desde la producción científica
Authors: Torres Karol Mariana , Alvarado Nidian Giovanna , Alfonso Nohora Elisabeth
Published: August 2021

El artículo aborda la caracterización de la tipología de visitantes a destinos de turismo religioso. Por lo tanto, la pregunta de investigación se orienta a conocer cuál es la tipología de visitantes a destinos de turismo religioso y cómo esta permite su conceptualización a partir de la producción científica. El enfoque es el cualitativo y el tipo de investigación es documental. Se incluyó la revisión y el análisis de 52 documentos. Brasil, España y México han sido los países que más han publicado sobre turismo religioso. Los profesionales que más abordan este tema son turistólogos, economistas, geógrafos y antropólogos. Los principales hallazgos se centran en que los visitantes a destinos de turismo religioso se clasifican en peregrinos, turistas religiosos y turistas culturales.
La transformación digital y su influencia en la transformación cultural en las empresas del sector financiero en Lima Metropolitana en el 2019
Authors:   , Rosales Alarcon Brayan Oscar , Ruiz Quiroz Grecia Carolina
Published: August 2021

La presente investigación académica busca explicar la influencia entre la transformación digital en la transformación cultural en las empresas del sector financiero en Lima Metropolitana en el 2019. El diseño de la investigación es de tipo no experimental, transeccional, con un enfoque cuantitativo y de correlación. La herramienta utilizada para recabar los datos fue a través de una encuesta de tipo Likert, siendo determinada mediante la confiabilidad del Coeficiente de Alfa de Cronbach, siendo validada por juicio de expertos. La técnica de muestreo aleatorio simple, fue mediante 381 encuestados que laboren el sector financiero de los cuatro bancos más reconocidos a nivel Lima Metropolitana (BCP, BBVA, Interbank y Scotiabank) de una población de 36,033 colaboradores a nivel nacional. En relación a las pruebas estadísticas no paramétricas del Coeficiente de correlación Thau de Kendall (Valor = 0.598) y de Spearman (Valor = 0.747), indica que se tiene una correlación positiva entre ambas variables del presente estudio, la transformación digital y la transformación cultural.
Theoretical origins of pension legislation: political and legal doctrines of the Middle Ages
Authors: Aleksandrova Anna V.
Published: August 2021

We consider the political and legal doctrines of the Middle Ages, containing the principles and ideas that served as the basis for the pension legislation of European countries and Russia, passed in the following centuries. We reveal the special role of religious doctrines in the development of key approaches to social protection of the elderly and other disabled persons. We substantiate the conclusion that the development of a specific model for the protection of personal data depended on the peculiarities of understanding charity in Orthodoxy, Catholicism or Protestantism. We examine the views of Saint Augustine and Thomas Aquinas on the social function of the state and its role in ensuring the basic needs of the individual. We analyze the doc-trines of the utopian socialists of the 16th–17th centuries (T. Mora, T. Cam-panella, J. Winstanley, E.-G. Morelli), consider their main ideas regarding the provision of the elderly and other disabled persons. We substantiate the ur-gency of referring to the works of medieval philosophers at the present time in connection with the need to search for a new paradigm for the develop-ment of pension legislation. We conclude that the role of the principle of uni-versal equal distribution of the social product is growing in the context of economic constraints and a pandemic.
Principles of the civil procedural legislation of Russia in the second half of the 19th century
Authors: Demichev Alexey A.
Published: August 2021

Based on the positivist understanding of law principles, we analyze the legislation of the Russian Empire, which normatively enshrines the principles of civil procedural law. We substantiate the position that in the pre-revolutionary doctrine there were certain ideas about the principles of civil procedural legislation, however, a special analysis of normative acts with the aim of identifying them was not carried out. We highlight the features of pre-revolutionary scientists work – specialists in the field of civil procedural law, namely: theorization, reasoning about the principles of civil procedure “in general” as some universal ideas in isolation from the real analysis of the Charter of civil procedure, “inscribing” of Russian civil procedural law in the European context and as a consequence of this, the use of a wide range of foreign literature. Based on the analysis of the Charter of Civil Procedure of 1864 and the Nominative Decree given to the Senate “On the Establishment of Judicial Regulations and on the Judicial Charters” dated November 20, 1864, we substantiate and conclude that seven principles of civil procedural law were enshrined in the legislation of the Russian Empire: 1) principle of independence of judges; 2) principle of equality of all before the court; 3) adversarial principle; 4) principle of humanism; 5) principle of justice; 6) principle of publicity; 7) principle of speedy proceedings (principle of considering a case on the merits in no more than two instances).