bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study on the Composite Measuring Method for Small Module Gears
Authors: Ding Jian Jun , Jiang Zhuang De , Li Bing , Guo Jun Jie
Published: March 2009

The detection technique of small module gears has a very important research and
application value. In this paper, a composite measuring method is presented based on combining
traditional mechanical contact measurement with optical image non-contact measurement. First of
all, this paper analyzes the basic principle of composite probe composed of optical fiber stylus and
CCD imaging system. The tail-end of the stylus is shaped into a micro-sphere, where a small
refection mirror is designed. When the laser is transmitted through the fiber, a round facula can be
seen from the CCD camera. The micro-sphere is kept contact with the surface of the measured gear
at the time of measuring and the error of the measured gear will be reflected by the offset of the
facula center. Meanwhile, the sub-pixel extraction algorithm for the center of facula image is
presented. Then the calibration principle and method of probe system is analyzed in detail. Finally,
the data processing principle of the presented method is discussed for gear measurement.
Collinear Constraint Based Mobile Vision Coordinate Measurement System
Authors: Yu Zhi Jing , Li X. , Si X. , Zhu J. , He D. , Gao Q.
Published: March 2009

A fully automatic and rather flexible mobile vision 3D coordinate online measurement
system is presented and analyzed. The system is composed of a high resolution CCD camera,
retro-reflective feature points, and an external orientation device. The feature points, which fixed on
the measured object and external orientation device, are imaged by camera in several locations and
orientations. The initial external locations and orientations of the camera relative to the fixed external
orientation device are determined by pose estimate algorithm, and the feature points coordinates, i.e.
measured points coordinates on the object, are calculated by bundle adjustment algorithm based on
collinear constraint. To improve the measurement accuracy, the locations of the imaging feature
points are determined by bilinear centroid sub-pixel algorithm. The effectiveness of the proposed
system has been tested by experiments.
Automatic Insertion of Cohesive Elements for Delamination Modelling
Authors: Guiamatsia I. , Falzon Brian G. , Davies G.A.O.
Published: March 2009

Composite damage modelling with cohesive elements has initially been limited to the analysis of
interface damage or delamination. However, their use is also being extended to the analysis of inplane
tensile failure arising from matrix or fibre fracture. These interface elements are typically
placed at locations where failure is likely to occur, which infers a certain a priori knowledge of the
crack propagation path(s). In the case of a crack jump for example, the location of the jump is
usually not obvious, and the simulation would require the placement of cohesive elements at all
element faces. A better option, presented here, is to determine the potential location of cohesive
elements and insert them during the analysis.
The aim of this work is to enable the determination of the crack path, as part of the solution process.
A subroutine has been developed and implemented in the commercial finite element package
ABAQUS/Standard[1] in order to automatically insert cohesive elements within a pristine model,
on the basis of the analysis of the current stress field. Results for the prediction of delamination are
presented in this paper.
BEM Analysis of Semipermeable Piezoelectric Cracks
Authors: Denda M.
Published: March 2009

A boundary element method (BEM) for the analysis of the semipermeable crack
is developed using the numerical Green’s function approach. The extended crack opening displacement
(COD) of a straight crack is represented by the continuous distribution of extended
dislocation dipoles, with the built-in √r COD behavior, which is integrated analytically to give
the whole crack singular element (WCSE) equipped with the √r COD and the 1/√r crack tip
extended stress singularity. Linear BEM solvers for the impermeable and permeable cracks are
developed first and then an iterative procedure to reach the semipermeable solution using the
impermeable and permeable solvers is proposed. The convergence study is performed for the
single cracks in the infinite and finite bodies with associated numerical results for the extended
stress intensity factors (SIFs) and other variables. The proposed numerical Green’s function
approach does not require the post-processing for the accurate determination of the extended
stress intensity factors and is ideally suited for the proposed nonlinear iteration scheme for the
semipermeable cracks.
Inference Engine and Explanation Mechanism in the Expert System of Fracture Mechanics Analysis for Component Design
Authors: Zhu Shi Fan , Li Qing Fen , Yu Zhi Hong
Published: March 2009

An expert system (ES) prototype in structural component design based on fracture
mechanics analysis was developed recently. The system consists of several main functional parts.
Among them, the inference engine is the control structure of ES which allows the expert to use
searching strategies to test different hypotheses and arrive at ES conclusions. A general inference
engine which can perform different inference by loading up different knowledge bases and a set of
track explanation mechanism which ensure the inference process visible and reliable were established
and discussed in this paper.
On the Tensile and Compressive Fatigue Behaviour of Notched CFRP Laminates
Authors: Minak Giangiacomo , Morelli Piero
Published: March 2009

This paper describes the experimental results of a set of fatigue tests performed on T300
carbon fiber / epoxy resin laminates cured in autoclave.
The effects of anisotropy in laminates lay up have been investigated, as well as the influence of circular
hole notches, for both the case of tensile and compressive loading conditions.
Due to the high slenderness of specimens, that have the ASTM D3039 standard suggested geometry,
a special gripping device has been designed in order to avoid the axial buckling.
Fatigue failure probability of the material has been assessed by means of Maximum Likelihood Estimates
(MLE) of the experimental data, as a function of the lay-up and load conditions.
Eventually, the micrographic analysis of fractured surfaces outlined the combined effects of both
the geometry and notches towards the damage behaviour of this kind of material.
The Influence of Stiffness Decay on Fatigue Reliability of Truss System
Authors: An Hai , An Wei Guang , Zhang Yong Yi
Published: March 2009

Physical properties of element are very complex under fatigue loads.The structural
system consisted of elements is not a simple topological structure,which the change of its physical
properties is more complex.In order to analyze quantitatively the structural stiffness reliability of
different design life,it is important to establish the accurate formula of physical properties decrease.
In this paper, the formula of elements’ elastic modulus decrease is deduced by using damage
mechanics theory combining with the model of residual strength of element. Moreover, stiffness
reliability index of controlling node of truss system is solved by applying the Stochastic Finite
Element Method in different service life.
Application of Mesh Free Method to Evaluation of Woven Fabric Composite Elastic Moduli
Authors: Wen P.H. , Aliabadi M.H.
Published: March 2009

A computational method for the micro-mechanical material model of woven fabric
composite material was developed in this paper based on a repeated unit cell approach and two
smooth fibre modes were presented. The stiffness matrix was evaluated with a domain integral by
the use of radial basis function interpolations without element mesh. The applications of mesh free
method to evaluate woven fabric composite elastic moduli have been presented and good accuracy
has been achieved compared with the results by other approaches.
Flexural Performance of U-Shaped Precast Concrete Beams with Non-Contact Lapped Splice
Authors: Ha Sang Su , Kim Seung Hun
Published: March 2009

In this study, new moment-resisting precast concrete beam-column joint is proposed for
moderate seismic regions. The new joint includes the connection reinforcing bars, penetrated the
joint and lap-spliced with the bottom bars of precast U-beam. To evaluate the performance for
non-contact lapped splice, experimental and analytical work were conducted, for major variables of
the length of lap and the diameter of connection reinforcing bars(D19, D22, and D25). Results of
experimental and analytical works show that these variables have much influence on flexural
strength and ductility, and deformation of lapped joint. Using nonlinear finite element method,
analytic research was performed for investigating crack and fracture patterns, load-deflection curve,
comparison of internal force, evaluation of ductility, stains of reinforcement bar.
Experimental Study on Compressive Strength of Recycled Aggregate Concrete
Authors: Wang Wei , Ling Hua , Wang Xiao Ni , Xia Tian , Wang Da Zhi , Jiang Yi Bo
Published: March 2009

With the increase in the use of recycled aggregate concrete (RAC), it is necessary to clearly
understand its behavior and characteristics. In this paper, experimental study on compressive strength
of RAC with same water/cement ratio is conducted. Firstly, influence of recycled coarse aggregate
contents on cube compressive strength of RAC is studied. Secondly, experiment on time-dependent
strength developing process of RAC is conducted with different solidification ages. Finally, based on
above experimental investigations, empirical formula for compress strengths of RAC with different
ages is presented. The result of this paper is helpful to theoretical analysis and practical engineering
design of RAC structures.
Effect of Humidity on Fatigue Strength of Squeeze Cast Al Alloy
Authors: Sofuku Y. , Kawagoishi Norio , Adachi M. , Okutani K. , Maeda Y.
Published: March 2009

Fatigue properties of a squeeze cast Al-Si-Mg alloy were examined under rotating bending
and the effect of humidity on the crack initiation and propagation behavior was investigated in
controlled humidity. The fatigue strength was decreased in high humidity (RH85%) in comparison
with the one in low humidity (RH25%). Cracks initiated at the early stage of fatigue life from slip
bands and eutectic Si particles in many cases and partially casting defects, and most of fatigue life was
occupied by the growth life of a small crack regardless of humidity. The propagation of a crack were
promoted by humidity, especially the growth rate of a crack larger than about 100 µm, which
propagated in tensile mode, was strongly accelerated.
Welding Behavior Analysis of Stiffened Stainless Steel Structure
Authors: Li Hong , Ren Hui Long
Published: March 2009

Welding residual plastic strains and residual stresses are the product of complicated
nonlinear behaviors of the structures during welding. The residual strains and stresses for stiffened
stainless steel structure and welding fatigue analysis are studied in this paper. The
three-dimensional transient temperature field is analyzed by FEM first. Doing the welding
experiment for fundamental model is to verify the numerical results, the infrared thermograph is
used to follow and record the whole process. The results of FEM are supported by experimental
data. Then, the elastic-plastic-model is established to analyze the residual strains and stresses.
Based on the stresses, loading and fatigue factors, according to Miner fatigue damage law, some
fatigue behaviors such as fatigue life and remaining life are obtained.
Investigation of Static and Dynamic Response of Graphite and Carbon Fiber Modified Conductive Asphalt-Based Composite
Authors: Li Ning , Wu Shao Peng , Liu Cong Hui
Published: March 2009

The conductive behavior of asphalt concrete can be improved with the addition of
conductive materials, thus a multifunctional asphalt-based composite can be obtained. The
conductive asphalt-based composite modified by graphite was studied extensively. Conductive
materials percentages may have influences on performance of asphalt mixture. The performance of an
asphalt pavement is significantly affected by its resistance to permanent deformation and its fatigue
performance. The paper presents the results of a project aimed at investigating static and dynamic
response as cracking and fatigue behaviors of conductive asphalt-based composite using the ITT. In
particular ITT were performed in which the graphite percentages, loading mode was varied. As test
results indicate that the addition of graphite shows positive influence on the indirect tensile strength,
failure stiffness modulus in static loading test, especially in high loading speed. The number of load
cycles to fatigue failure presents a bit decrease with graphite percentages in dynamic loading test.
After adding discontinuous carbon fibers, conductive asphalt-based composite shows good fatigue
property, which can prevent crack propagation. It can be concluded that the combined modification
brings reinforcement effect to asphalt concrete and improves its mechanical and fatigue properties.
Stress Analysis for Shrink Fitting System Used for Ceramics Conveying Rollers
Authors: Hendra  , Tsuyunaru Masakazu , Noda Naoaki , Takase Yasushi
Published: March 2009

Cast iron and steel conveying rollers used in hot rolling mills must be changed very frequently because conveyed strips with high temperature induces wear on the roller surface in short periods. This failure automatically stops the production line for repair and maintenance of conveying rollers. In this study a new type of roller is considered where a ceramics sleeve is connected with two short shafts at both ends by shrink fitting. Here, a ceramics sleeve provides longer life and therefore reduces the cost for the maintenance. However, for the hollow ceramics rollers, care should be taken for maximum tensile stresses appearing at both edges of the sleeve. In particular, because fracture toughness is extremely smaller compared with the value of steel, stress analysis for the roller is necessary for ceramics sleeve. In this study FEM analysis is applied to the structure, and the maximum stress has been investigated with varying the dimensions of the structure. It is found that the maximum tensile stress appearing at the end of sleeves takes a minimum value at a certain amount of shrink fitting ratio.
On the Inclined Surface Crack Terminating at the Orthotropic Bimaterial Interface
Authors: Profant Tomáš , Kotoul Michal
Published: March 2009

The evaluation of the stress singularities and generalised stress intensity factor (GSIF)
for the case of an inclined surface crack terminating perpendicular to the interface between two
orthotropic materials is considered. The knowledge of the regular and auxiliary solution allows
evaluating the GSIF using the reciprocal theorem (Ψ-integral). A co-operating effect of a stronger
and a weaker singular stress field for a crack impinging a bimaterial interface is investigated.
Low Cycle Fatigue of Cast Superalloy Inconel 738LC at High Temperature
Authors: Obrtlík Karel , Chlupová Alice , Petrenec Martin , Polák Jaroslav
Published: March 2009

Cylindrical specimens of cast polycrystalline nickel base superalloy Inconel 738LC were cyclically strained under total strain control at 23 and 800 °C to fracture. Cyclic hardening/softening curves, cyclic stress-strain curves, and fatigue life curves were obtained at both temperatures. Surface relief was studied in specimens fatigued to failure using scanning electron microscopy. Cyclic hardening/softening behaviour depends both on temperature and strain amplitude. Low amplitude straining was characterized by saturation of the stress amplitude. In high amplitude straining a pronounced hardening was found which was followed by saturation at room temperature and by cyclic softening at 800 °C. The cyclic stress-strain curves can be fitted by power law. They are shifted to lower stresses with increasing temperature. Fatigue life curves can be approximated by the Manson- Coffin and Basquin laws. The Manson-Coffin and Basquin curves are shifted to lower lives with increasing temperature. Slip markings were detected on specimen surface at all test temperatures. When temperature grows the density of slip markings is reduced.
Numerical Simulation of Temperature Stress on Asphalt Pavement of Concrete Bridge Deck in Cold Region
Authors: Wang Hong , Wu Shao Peng , Li Bo , Liu Cong Hui
Published: March 2009

Flexible pavement plays an important role in the primary concrete bridges at present. However, climate environment, to which pavement is exposed, significantly impact pavement stability and long-term performance. Especially, low temperature cracking of asphalt pavement in cold region is a common existing problem. In order to improve the pavement’s crack resistance it is necessary to predict the temperature stress distribution within the asphalt layers. A two-dimensional finite element model of a concrete bridge in thermal and thermal-structural couple analysis is developed to predict temperature and temperature stress variation of asphalt layers in cold region. The temperature stress variation is analyzed at seasonal temperature, different cooling rate and the different thickness of asphalt layers. The model considers a set of primary thermal environmental conditions. Ultimately, the model is aimed at providing pavement engineers with an efficient computational tool that attempts to increase the prediction accuracy of temperature in asphaltic pavement of cold region for more reliable pavement design.
Investigating Vibration Sources of Faulty Gear Units
Authors: Belsak Ales , Flasker Joze
Published: March 2009

A crack in the tooth root is the least desirable damage of gear units, which often leads to failure of gear unit operation. A possible damage can be identified by monitoring vibrations. The influences that a crack in the tooth root of a single-stage gear unit has upon vibrations are dealt with. Changes in tooth stiffness are much more expressed in relation to a fatigue crack in the tooth root, whereas in relation to other faults, changes of other dynamic parameters are more expressed. Signal analysis has been performed in relation to a non-stationary signal, by means of the Time Frequency Analysis tool, such as Wavelets. Typical scalogram patterns resulting from reactions to faults or damages indicate the presence of faults or damages with a very high degree of reliability.
Analytical Study on the Chloride Ion Permeation of Reinforced Concrete Repaired by Finishing Material
Authors: Yun Sun Young , Shin Sang Heon , Lee Han Seung
Published: March 2009

When the RC structure degraded in sea environment, chloride ion is one of the most
important factors of degradation. Therefore, the purpose of this analytical study is measuring
diffusion coefficient of patching repair material and the structure which repaired with patching
repair material by RCPT. Also with this experimental result, Finite Element Method (FEM) is used
for determining service year of building and concentration of chloride ion in the structure material.
As the result of RCPT, diffusion coefficient of patching repair material is 0.44×10-8cm2/sec, which
is 18.7% of concrete (3.18×10-8cm2/sec). Meanwhile, as the result of FEM, patching repair material
is effective for prevent chloride ion. When service year of normal concrete structure is 16years, on
the other hand, the structure recovered 10mm of patching repair material will take 49 years to its
service year. Furthermore, the result derived from equation given from JSCE predicts service year
of the structure is little bit less than FEM.
Fracture Model for PT Flat Plate Connections under Seismic Loading
Authors: Moon Ki Hoon , Jin Hwang Bo , Han Sang Whan
Published: March 2009

Post-tensioned (PT) flat plate frames are commonly used to support gravity load in
connections in high seismic regions. But test results of many studies indicated that PT flat plate
connections were possessed of later-resisting capacity for lateral load though this capacity is not
enough to be used by itself in high seismic regions. So this study evaluated the cyclic behavior of PT
flat plate connections and developed an analytical model for predicting nonlinear behavior of those to
estimate the seismic performance of PT flat plate frames accurately. For this purpose, the test results
of static pushover test and shaking table test of 2 story PT flat plate frame were used to evaluate the
characters of failure mode for PT flat plate connections and to compare with analysis results. The test
results indicated two failure modes which are classified the shear failure mode or the moment failure
mode as for shear strength of PT connections to resist lateral loads acted on the specimens. So the
analytical model was designed to consider these failure modes of PT connections and the results of
comparing with test results predict the nonlinear behavior of PT connections.
Study on Calculation Method of Fracture Parameters of the Tubular Based on 3D VCCT
Authors: Wang Qing Yuan , Liu Yong Jie , Zeng Xiang Guo , Chen Hua Yan
Published: March 2009

The stress intensity factor (SIF) for tubular specimens were calculated based on virtual crack closure technique （VCCT）. The effects of geomet rical factors (inner radius, wall thickness and relative crack length) and external loads on the SIF were analyzed, respectively, by use of the single-variable approach. Finally, an approximate formula for SIF of compact-tensile tubular specimens was obtained as all factors mentioned were considered, which was presented as a reference for the tubular engineering design.
Study on the Optimum Mixing Condition for Control of Spalling in High Strength Concrete by a Orthogonal Array
Authors: Lee Mun Hwan , Kim Young Hun , Lee Jong Chan
Published: March 2009

This study proceeded to find the optimum mixing rate of a high strength concrete with
80MPa of compressive strength using meta-kaolin, waste tire chips, polypropylene, and steel fiber
together for improvement of fire resistance performance.
To estimate of optimum mixing rate, the orthogonal array method was used to plan the factors
(slump flow, air content, compressive and flexural strength, steel bar temperature and concrete
spalling volume) of high strength concretes and experiment was executed. Then the functional
relationship of each factor was valuated by general linear model of ANOVA and functional relation
between the factors and the data was estimated using response surface analysis. The optimum
mixing rate was computed as 80% replacement of silica fume volume by meta-kaolin, 3%
replacement of fine aggregates volume by waste tire chips and 0.2% additive rate of polypropylene
fiber without steel fiber to the total mixed volume with this modeling of the functional relationship.
Evaluation of the Failure Elongation of Steel Sheets for an Auto-Body at the Intermediate Strain Rate
Authors: Kim Seok Bong , Huh Hoon
Published: March 2009

This paper deals with the dynamic failure elongation of mild steel, SGACD and advanced
high strength steel sheets such as TRIP600, DP600 and TWIP steels. The failure elongation has been
obtained from the high speed tensile testing machine with various strain rates ranged from 0.003/s to
200/s. The experimental result demonstrates that the tensile elongation does not simply decrease as
the strain rate increases, but it decreases from the quasi-static state to the strain rate of 0.1 or 1/s and
increases again up to the strain rate of 100/s. Furthermore, some high strength steels have the
tendency that the tensile elongation increases as the strain rate increases. Moreover, the localized
strain rate hardening in the necking region induces the increase of elongation.
The Rationale of Adhesive Postinstalled Method to Estimate the Concrete Strength
Authors: Cui Shi Qi , Wang Jin Shan , Kong Xu Wen , Li Hi Wen
Published: March 2009

In the adhesive postinstalled method, headed anchor is anchored into concrete by means of a high strength epoxy resin adhesive. To measure the concrete compressive strength, the metal anchor is “pulled” from the concrete. There occur four types of failure when the metal anchor is pulled out. This paper introduces the rationale of the adhesive postinstalled method to estimate the in-place concrete strength. The embedment depth and the diameter of the reaction ring are specified by experimental phenomenon and theoretical analysis.
Cracking Cohesive Law Thermodynamically Equivalent to a Non-Local Damage Model
Authors: Cazes Fabien , Simatos Anita , Coret Michel , Combescure Alain , Gravouil Anthony
Published: March 2009

This paper deals with the transition from a localized damage state to crack formation. Several attempts have already been made in this field. Our approach is in the continuity of studies where thermodynamic considerations lead to the definition of an equivalent crack concept. The main idea consists in replacing a damaged localized zone by a crack in order to recover the same amount of dissipated energy. On the one hand, a nonlocal model is used to modelize accurately localized damage. On the other hand, an elastic model which authorizes the formation of a crack described by a cohesive zone model is used. This cohesive zone model is defined thermodynamically in order to be in concordance with the damage model. The method allows obtaining the cohesive zone model traction curve from the knowledge of the nonlocal damage model solution. The numerical implementation is done using a Lagrangian multiplier that ensures the energetic equivalence between both models.
An Experimental Study on Shear Reinforcement Methods of Interior Flat Plate-Column Connections
Authors: Choi Hyun Ki , Kim J.S. , Jin E.S. , Choi Chang Sik
Published: March 2009

This research is an experimental study on full-scale interior slab-column connections of flat-plate. Three types of shear reinforcements were proposed to prevent brittle punching shear failure that could result in collapse of whole flat plate structures. A series of four flat plate specimens including a specimen without shear reinforcement and three specimens with the reinforcements was tested. The dimension of the slabs was 2620*2725*180mm and the specimens had a 600*800mm square column at the center of the slabs. The slabs were tested up to failure using monotonic vertical shear forces. The presences of the shear reinforcements substantially increased punching shear capacity and ductility of the interior slab-column connections.
A Criterion for Crack Kinking Out of an Interface
Authors: Leguillon Dominique , Murer Sébastien
Published: March 2009

Cotterell and Rice theory (1980) on the kinking of a crack submitted to a biaxial loading
in a homogeneous material has been recently revisited (Leguillon and Murer 2008). The mixed
criterion for fracture which involves both an energetic and a stress condition (Leguillon 2002)
allows defining a positive threshold of the T-stress below which no branching can occur
(Selvarathinam and Goree 1998). This analysis enters within a more general mixed-mode analysis
(I+II+T-stress). Despite the complex terms and the oscillations, results extend to interfacial cracks.
The assumption of a crack jump as a consequence of the energy balance allows getting rid of the
problem brought by the oscillations due to these complex terms. This approach brings a new insight
on the prediction of crack kinking out of a bimaterial interface.
Fabrication of Electroluminescent Devices Using Nanocrystalline Oxide Phosphors
Authors: Fujiwara Rei , Sano Hiroyuki , Harada Seiichiro , Shimizu Mikio , Takebe Hiromichi , Kuwabara Makoto
Published: March 2009

Nanosized Y2O3:Eu3+ crystalline powders with average particle sizes around 100 nm, measured by field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), have been synthesized by a polymerized precursor method using carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC). The nanocrystalline phosphors exhibit intense photoluminescence (PL) and cathodoluminescence (CL) around 612 nm, being attributed to the 5D0-7F2 transition of Eu3+. Electroluminescence (EL) properties of the nanophosphors in the form of thick films were investigated, and emission of red light with maximum intensity at 612 nm (corresponding to x = 0.57 and y = 0.32 in the CIE chromaticity diagram) was observed under high ac field at 1 kHz. The obtained results suggest a possibility that Y2O3:Eu3+ nanopowders can be used as a red-emitting phosphor for EL devices.
Effect of the Annealing Temperature on Dielectric Properties of Bi1.5Zn1.0Nb1.5O7 Films Prepared by MOCVD
Authors: Funakubo Hiroshi , Okaura Shingo , Suzuki Muneyasu , Uchida Hiroshi , Koda Seiichiro
Published: March 2009

Effect of annealing temperature on the dielectric properties of Bi1.5Zn1.0Nb1.5O7 films prepared on
(111)Pt//(001)Al2O3 and (111)Pt/fused silica substrates by MOCVD was investigated. The
tunability and the inverse of the dielectric loss [1/ (tan )] increased with increasing annealing
temperature. Relative dielectric constant and temperature coefficient of the capacitance (TCC)
increased with the crystallinity of the films. On the other hand, (1/tan ) was independent of the
crystallinity of the films, but was dramatically increased by the annealing.
Temperature Dependence of Cathodoluminescence for AlN Ceramics Sintered with Ca3Al2O6
Authors: Honma Takayuki , Kuroki Yuichiro , Okamoto Tomoichiro , Takata Masasuke , Kanechika Yukihiro , Azuma Masanobu , Taniguchi Hitofumi
Published: March 2009

Aluminum nitride ceramics were sintered with 1.0 and 4.8 mass% Ca3Al2O6 (C3A) as a sintering
additive. Temperature dependence of cathodoluminescence (CL) for the ceramics was investigated
in order to obtain information on lattice defects. The CL peak intensity at 3.5 eV in the ceramics
sintered with 1.0 mass% C3A decreased with increasing temperature, so called thermal quenching.
The maximum CL peak intensity of the ceramics sintered with 4.8 mass% C3A was much lower
than that with 1.0 mass% C3A, reflecting that the oxygen-induced defect density dramatically
decreased with increasing amount of C3A. In case of the ceramics sintered with 4.8 mass% C3A, the
CL peak intensity at 3.4 eV showed the thermal quenching in the range of 130 - 350 K, whereas in
the range of 80 - 130 K and 350 - 475 K, it increased with increasing temperature, so called
“negative” thermal quenching. From the results, we suggest a presence of at least two trapping
levels in the ceramics sintered with C3A.
Basic Research of Water Photolysis Using Pyrochlore Oxides
Authors: Mori Naohisa , Tagoku Yutori , Shiroishi Hidenobu , Saito Yoshinobu , Saito Morihiro , Kuwano Jun
Published: March 2009

Photocatalytic proton reduction and water oxidation have been studied in a
tris(2,2’-bipyridyl)ruthenium complex-catalyst system. Pyrochlore-type oxides have been used as
proton reduction catalysts with a sacrificial electron donor (Na2EDTA) at pH 7 and as water
oxidation catalysts with a sacrificial electron acceptor (K2S2O8) at pH 3. Rate constants for the
proton reduction were estimated on the basis of photochemical processes. Yb2Ru2O7-δ was found to
be the most active catalyst for proton reduction and water oxidation catalyst in this system.
High-Rate Charge-Discharge Performance of Composite Electrodes of FeOOH-Based Amorphous Particles and Carbon Powder
Authors: Morimoto Hideyuki , Takeno Kazuhiko , Takahashi Tsuyoshi , Hayashi Kensaku , Tobishima Shinichi
Published: March 2009

Composite electrode materials of amorphous FeOOH-based particles and carbon powder were
prepared by heat treatment of composite powder obtained by hydrolyzing of mixed aqueous solutions
of FeCl3 and Ti(SO4)2 into which electron conducting carbon powder was dispersed. They exhibited
high capacities over 150 mAh g-1 and good cycle performance at large charge-discharge current density
of 5 mA cm-2 (ca. 1 A g-1). In this case, the heat treatment was effective process to improve the cycle
performance.
The Research of NC Magnetic Abrasive Finishing for Mould Parting Surface
Authors: Gao Wei Qiang , Meng L. , Yan Qiu Sheng , Song J.H. , Qiu T.X.
Published: March 2009

In this paper, a new kind of NC magnetic abrasive finishing method with meshy
polishing track to grind the parting face of mould was presented, and a new simple polishing tool
using permanent magnet was also developed. Using the magnetic polishing tool, 3D NC polishing
experiments was conducted on 2D parting surfaces. Experimental results reveal the relationship
between several main parameters (rotational speed of magnetic pole, working gap, feeding speed
and number of polishing times) and surface roughness. This study is expected to be helpful to
improve the efficiency of finishing process, reduce worker's labor intensity, realize the effective
control of finishing process and obtain fine quality of workpiece surface.
Computer Aided Design and Grinding for Helical Drill Points
Authors: Zou Ping , Li Xin You , Tang Yu , Yang Xu Lei
Published: March 2009

In this paper, a Drill Point Simulation System (DPSS) which is being developed at
Northeastern University is presented. By means of DPSS, the geometric models of the helical drill
points were shown after inputting their design parameters. Then, the grinding parameters of the
helical drill points were produced. According to the grinding parameters, the helical drill points were
ground by the SD helical drill point grinder which was developed at Northeastern University.
Furthermore, drilling tests were performed on aluminum sheet workpieces to investigate drilling
performance of the helical drill points. In addition, the relationships between the geometric
parameters of helical drill points and their grinding parameters also were derived.
Fundamental Study on the Precision Abrasive Machining Using a Cavitation in Reversing Suction Flow
Authors: Ohashi Kazuhito , Wang Rong Jun , Hasegawa Hiroyuki , Tsukamoto Shinya
Published: March 2009

The purpose of this study is to make clear the machining effect of the precision abrasive machining using the cavitation in reversing suction flow, which can easily finish to a fine surface by a simple apparatus. The machining fluid including loose micro abrasive grains is sucked by a pump, and the cavitation occurs ahead of the nozzle fixed in the suction chamber because of the rapid decrease of pressure of machining fluid. We use the cavitation impact to make the abrasive grains to interfere with the workpiece surface. In this report, the possibility of application of the new abrasive machining to the precision manufacturing is investigated by analyzing the behavior of machining fluid, the stock removal and the surface finish in machining of glass. The cavitation impact is strongest under the nozzle clearance of 20mm and restriction nozzle diameter of 4mm. Glass surface is finished up to several nanometers in Ry with slight stock removal by the proposed abrasive machining.
Grinding of Soft Steel with Assistance of Ultrasonic Vibrations
Authors: Tawakoli Taghi , Azarhoushang Bahman , Rabiey Mohammad
Published: March 2009

Compared to other machining processes, conventional grinding has a low material
removal rate and involves high specific energy. A major part of the specific energy in grinding is
changed to heat which makes harmful effect on surface quality. A recent and promising method is
the use of ultrasonic assistance to increase the material removal rate along with decreasing the
thermal damage on the workpiece and reducing cutting forces. The advantages of Ultrasonic
Assisted Grinding (UAG) were proved mostly for the brittle material. Our investigations show the
improvement on the surface roughness, reduction of the grinding forces and thermal damage in case
of using UAG comparing to Conventional Grinding (CG) for a soft material of 100Cr6. The
designed and developed ultrasonically vibrated workpiece holder and the experimental investigation
show a decrease of up to 40% of normal grinding forces.
Effects of Cutting Edge Truncation on Ultrasonically Assisted Grinding
Authors: Hara Keisuke , Isobe Hiromi , Kyusojin Akira
Published: March 2009

High precision mold grinding technique to obtain mirror surface is required which realizes
minimization or omission of final polishing by skilled workers. In the previous reports, ultrasonically
diamond grinding experiments were carried out to confirm ultrasonically oscillation effect for die
steel face grinding. Mirror surface was obtained successfully and little abrasive worn out was found.
In the above technique, the cutting edge shape of a tool affects the ground surface resulting from
transcription of cutting edge. In other words, cutting edge truncation of grinding tool is required to be
smooth and glossy surface. This paper describes the cutting edge truncation of diamond electroplated
tools which are used in ultrasonically assisted grinding. Experiments were carried out to confirm
truncation effects on the ground surface and grinding force. It was confirmed that cutting edge
truncation is effective method to obtain mirror surface and excessive truncation causes large grinding
force and chattering.
Hole Machining of Glass by Micro Abrasive Suspension Jets
Authors: Wang Cheng Yong , Chen M.D. , Yang P.X. , Fan Jing Ming
Published: March 2009

Abrasive Suspension Jets (ASJ) is a new micro processing technique developed for
micro processing of hard and brittle materials based on the traditional Abrasive Water Jet (AWJ).
Based on drilling experiments of glass using MASJ technology, the dependence of material
removal, the depth and the diameter of the machined holes on the process parameters, such as
working pressure, processing time, standoff distance, incidence angle and concentration of
abrasives were investigated. Experimental results show that the material removal is approximately
proportional to working pressure, processing time and concentration of abrasives, except the
standoff distance. It is founded that the processing time is the most remarkable influence factor on
the material removal and the depth of the holes. But the working pressure doesn’t show obvious
effects to the material removal and the depth of hole with lower pressure in MASJ. The increase
of standoff distance will decrease the material removal and depth of hole, and the concentration of
abrasives can improve a few of drilling ability. Further, it is founded that longer processing time
and smaller standoff distance will achieve higher MASJ drilling efficiency and better quality of
hole, with 90 degree jet incidence angle.
Study on the CMP Pad Life with its Mechanical Properties
Authors: Tso Pei Lum , Huang Zhe Hao , Chou Sheng Wei , Shih Cheng Yi
Published: March 2009

The primary consumables in chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) are the polishing pad and the slurry. The polishing pad significantly influences the stability of the polishing process and the cost of consumables (CoC). During the polishing process, a diamond dresser must be frequently employed to remove the debris to prevent accumulation, a process known as pad conditioning. In this paper, we investigated the physical properties of the CMP pad such as compressibility, thickness, and surface roughness. The difference between new and used pads has been studied. Conclusively, conditioning via a diamond dresser will extend pad life and reduce CoC.
Mechanical Properties of Aerogels : Brittle or Plastic Solids?
Authors: Woignier Thierry , Hafidi Alaoui A. , Primera Juan , Phalippou J.
Published: March 2009

Different sets of silica aerogels (classical aerogels, partially dense aerogels, composite aerogels) have been studied in the objective to understand the mechanical behaviour of these extremely porous solids. The mechanical behaviour of xerogels and aerogels is generally described in terms of brittle and elastic materials, like glasses or ceramics. The main difference compared to silica glass is the order of magnitude of the elastic and rupture modulus which are 104 times lower. However, if this analogy is pertinent when gels are under a tension stress (bending test) they exhibit a more complicated response when the structure is submitted to a compressive stress. The network is linearly elastic under small strains, then exhibits yield followed by densification and plastic hardening. As a consequence of the plastic shrinkage it is possible to compact and stiffen the gel at room temperature. These opposite behaviours (brittle and plastic) are surprisingly related to the same kinds of gel features: pore volume silanol content and the pore size. Both elastic modulus and plastic shrinkage depend strongly on the volume fraction of pores and on the condensation reaction between silanols. On the mechanical point of view (rupture modulus and toughness), it is shown that pores size plays likely an important role. Pores can be considered as flaws in the terms of fracture mechanics and the flaw size, calculated from rupture strength and toughness is related to the pore size distribution.
Digital Image Processing of CCD Measuring Temperature Field in Coaxial Powder Stream of Laser Cladding
Authors: Li L. , Yang Xi Chen
Published: March 2009

In this paper, the theory of the powder temperature measurement using radiation is
briefly illustrated, and the measurement system on temperature field in coaxial powder stream of
laser cladding by applying color CCD and digital image processing technology is designed. The
experimental result indicates that this measurement system can test the distribution of temperature
field.
Study on the Key Techniques of Remote Monitoring System for Large-Scale Equipments
Authors: Zhang Qiu Ju , Wang F.
Published: March 2009

Remote monitoring is an important technical way to assure the key equipment to run properly and safely. In the paper, a remote monitoring system based on GPRS wireless communication was developed for large-scale equipments. The architecture of the system was given. The key techniques of the system design, including the remote data transmission, remote monitoring and fault diagnosis techniques were analyzed. Furthermore, the hardware and software design of Data Transmission Unit (DTU) was introduced in detail. And the functional modules of the remote monitoring service system were presented. The system provides an effective way to realize remote monitoring and fault diagnosis for large-scale equipments.
Numerical Simulation of Driven and Pressure Flow in Compound Shaped Part of Co-Extrusion Process of Polymer with Metal Insert
Authors: Qin Sheng Xue , Zhao Guo Qun , Mu Yue , Xu Xing Ming
Published: March 2009

The mathematic model for polymer extrusion has been established by using the penalty finite element method, and the analysis program has been coded. The driven and pressure flow of power-law fluid in compound shaped part of co-extrusion process of polymer with metal insert has been simulated. The velocity field and temperature field of polymer flow in die cavity are obtained though solving the momentum equation and energy equation, and the influence of various metal insert velocity on the polymer flow is studied. The potential defect is forecast, and the improved measure has been given further. It shows that the common rule of the compound shaped part of co-extrusion process of polymer with metal insert is given by the analysis of the example. The simulation results are very important for the process and die design of the polymer co-extrusion with metal insert.
Design and Implement of Automatic Plastic Gasoline Tank Water-Cooling Equipment and its Control System
Authors: Li Guo Qin , Wang Tai Yong , Sun Shuang , Chen L.H. , Yang H. , Guo P.P. , Zhang Y.
Published: March 2009

As an importantly functional and safe part of automobile, gasoline tank is gradually made
by plastic instead of metal. To shorten the production cycle time and increase the output of plastic
automobile gasoline tank, its cooling and solidification can be put on special fixture by wind or
water after being taken from mold. An automatic plastic gasoline tank water-cooling equipment was
designed with Solidworks software. The operation procedure was automatically controlled by
program instead of manual work. By using PLC as control center and touch-screen as man-machine
interface, the control system can be carried out to solve the difficulty of setting the technical
parameters, such as water temperature and cooling timeless. The results show that the production
output was increased and production quality was improved effectively.
FE Simulation of Vacuum Hot Bulge Forming Process of BT20 Ti-Alloy Cylindrical Workpiece
Authors: Wang Ming Wei , Zhang Li Wen
Published: March 2009

The vacuum hot bulge forming has been used in aerospace industry to manufacture
cylindrical workpiece with improved mechanical properties and reduced fabrication cost. Vacuum hot
bulge forming is based on the material soften and the stress relaxation theory. Different from other
metal forming techniques, deformation of the workpiece takes place well below yield point and the
amount of plastic deformation is directly relaxed to heating temperature and holding time. In this
paper, a two-dimension thermo-mechanical coupled finite element model was developed. In this
model, nonlinear radiation heat transfer and thermal physical properties of material depending on
temperature were considered. This paper carried out numerical simulation of vacuum hot bulge
forming of BT20 Ti-alloy cylindrical workpiece by using finite element software MSC.Marc. The
temperature field, deformation field and stress field of hot bulge forming of BT20 Ti-alloy cylindrical
workpiece were calculated. Numerical simulation results were accorded with experimental ones,
which provided for the practice production as theory bases.
Model of Distributed Collaborative Design System for Supporting PLM
Authors: Qiu Jian Xin , Wang X.W. , Tang Yong Sheng
Published: March 2009

This paper studied the way to work out distributed collaborative design involving product
life-cycle management. It constructed the three-dimensional model of distributed collaborative design
for supporting PLM, which was composed of component model, structure model and process model.
Component model provided information management platform for PLM, and structure model offered
information transmission method, and process model combined component model with structure
model and afforded integrated frame of enterprise’s whole processes. The system model has been
successfully applied in manufacture enterprises, and demonstrated its feasibility in theory and
method.
Simultaneous Measurement of Torsion and Curvature Using Curvature Fiber Optic Sensor
Authors: Fu Y.L. , Di H.T.
Published: March 2009

Curvature fiber optic sensors are a kind of novel low cost sensors that can detect curvature directly and distinguish the positive bending and negative bending. This kind of sensor is used to detect torsion deformation of shaft in this paper. The optimal direction of curvature fiber optic sensor was analyzed in osculating plane and rectification plane and maximal sensitivity was gained. The results show that sensor response to the torsion angle is linear approximately. Torsion angle, curvature and bending direction of shaft were measured simultaneously by using curvature fiber optic sensors.