bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Congenital dysplasia involving both medial and inferior recti: clinical features and surgical outcomes
Authors:   State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong Province, China, Fu Li-Cheng , Yan Jian-Hua ,   State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong Province, China
Published: September 2021

AIM: To investigate the clinical features and surgical outcomes of congenital dysplasia involving both inferior recti (IR) and medial recti (MR) muscles.
METHODS: A retrospective review was conducted including cases of simultaneous congenital dysplasia of IR and MR that were diagnosed and surgically treated at the Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, China, from July 2009 to November 2019. Ocular motility, ocular alignment at distance (6 m) and near (33 cm) by prism alternating cover test and stereoacuity were assessed in all patients before and after surgery.
RESULTS: A total of five patients (four males and one female; three with right eye and two with left eye congenital dysplasia) were included in this review. The patients ranged in age from 10 to 42y (21±13.4y). The main clinical findings were hypertropia and exotropia of the affected eye, along with motility limitations in adduction and depression. Lateral rectus (LR) recession/transposition combined with IR resection was performed in one case. Two scheduled surgeries were performed in four cases, with one involving superior rectus recession and IR resection and the others LR recession and MR resection. Mean±SD pre-surgical exotropia of 51.0±31.11 prism diopter (PD) and hypertropia of 29.20±7.12 PD in the primary position were decreased to 3.6±12.90 and 3.2±10.09 PD, respectively, at two years after surgery, with a success rate of 60% and an under-correction rate of 40%.
CONCLUSION: The main clinical features associated with simultaneous MR/IR congenital dysplasia are hypertropia and exotropia of the affected eye along with motility limitations in adduction and depression. Scheduled two-stage surgeries achieved a success rate of 60%.
Poetics of B. Brecht’s epic theatre in terms of the cubist principle
Authors: Moroseeva Daria D.
Published: September 2021

This article is devoted to an attempt to consider the concept of B. Brechts epic theatre in terms of the cubist principle as a characteristic technique of the avant-garde and postmodernism, based on overcoming traditional mimetic forms when creating an artistic whole and suggesting such a way of organizing an artistic image in which affective involvement based on ready-made forms of perception and recognition, is replaced by the need for the so-called work of understanding. The main objectives of the article include the discovery and description of the mechanisms for the implementation of the cubist principle in the concept of Brechts epic theatre. The goal of the study is to prove the productivity of considering Brechts poetics in terms of the cubist principle. The research is carried out on the basis of an integrated approach that combines systemic-holistic and hermeneutic methods. The block of empirical materials includes Brechts works on the theory of epic theatre, as well as the works of Russian and foreign literary scholars and art theorists, devoted to both highly specialized aspects of Brechts theory of dramaturgy and issues related to the problem of authenticity of artistic expression and features of the structure of a work of art in the context of the collapse of traditional ideas about an artistic object as a result of imitation or expression of the artists inner world. The results obtained make it possible to present the concept of Brechts epic theatre as an experience of problematization of the creative act in a situation of crisis of artistic forms and reveal the expediency of considering Brechts poetics in terms of the cubist principle due to a much broader view of the technical and ideological-content aspects of his concept, in contrast to previously adopted concepts montage and separation of elements.
Death of Philosophy: On the Edge of Thought (polemical essay)
Authors: Faritov Vyacheslav Tavisovich
Published: September 2021

The article is devoted to the problem of the marginalization of philosophy in the modern world. The starting point of the study is the position of Oswald Spengler about the loss of understanding of the meaning and significance of philosophy in the situation of the death of European civilization. The article highlights the main signs of the degeneration of philosophical thought in modern society, among which the author refers to the atomization of philosophical discourse, the blurring of the boundaries between philosophical thought and scientific research, the loss of transcendental dimensions by philosophy, the marginalization of philosophical discourse and the phenomenon of "turn". The study pays special attention to the anthropological and linguistic turn. In particular, the author substantiates the thesis that modern philosophy does not just address the problem of language, but replaces being, as the main category of philosophy, with a sign and its structural components. The article criticizes positivism and poststructuralism as crisis and borderline phenomena of modern philosophical thought. The thesis is substantiated that the transformation of philosophical discourse in the post-metaphysical directions of modern thought leads to the distortion and loss of the original meaning of philosophy. The author made an attempt to reconstruct the original meaning of philosophy. The study uses the methodological principles and attitudes of historical and philosophical reconstruction, discourse analysis and semiotics.
Clinico-Radiological Outcome after Surgical Interventions in Ankle Fractures at a Tertiary Care Centre in Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh
Authors: Saraf Amit , Singhal Manish , Huda Najmul
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND Ankle fractures are among the most common injuries encountered by orthopaedic surgeons. An ankle is considered unstable when the loss of normal constraints around the ankle permits the talus to move in a non-physiologic pattern. Under such circumstances, the dynamic joint surface contact area within the ankle is diminished, which predisposes to articular cartilage damage and premature degeneration. In today’s time, many modalities are available for surgical fixation of bimalleolar fractures. Such interventions restore anatomy and biomechanics of the ankle joint. Even though there are plethora of foreign studies on similar matter, deficiency of such analysis has been depicted in literature from developing countries, particularly from South-East Asian region. In this study, we wanted to assess various methods of internal fixation in ankle fracture & evaluate their clinical and radiological outcome post-operatively. METHODS 26 ankle fracture patients in the age group of 18 - 60 years were included in this study. Fractures were classified pre-operatively based on Lauge-Hansen classification. Patients were followed up at regular intervals of 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 6th & 12 month after surgery and assessed by Baird and Jackson scoring system based on subjective, objective and radiographic criteria. Complications like infection, arthritis, stiffness & implant failure were assessed on regular follow-up. RESULTS Variety of methods (including k-wires, plates & screws) were used for surgical fixation. Majority of fractures resulted from road traffic accident (RTA). Patients were evaluated using Baird & Jackson scoring system during follow-up at 1st, 2nd , 3 rd, 6th & 12 month. All patients had poor scores for initial 3 months. Patients showed good to excellent result on final follow-up at 9 to 12 months after surgery. Complications were observed in 19 % cases with arthritis being most common. CONCLUSIONS Open reduction and internal fixation restores the articular congruity of the ankle joint. The operative result was satisfactory with good clinical outcome. KEYWORDS Ankle, Fracture, Anatomy, Modalities
Thyroglossal Duct Cyst - An Observational Study from Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh
Authors: D.R.K.L.N. Raju , S. Sri Krishna Prakash
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND Thyroglossal duct cyst is a developmental cyst that occurs in 7 % of the population. These cysts are most commonly seen in paediatric patients. They occur due to failure of thyroglossal duct to involute and atrophy. Majority of them are found in infrahyoid region. The purpose of this research was to summarise our three years of clinical experience in different features of thyroglossal cysts and their surgical results, with an emphasis on the naked eye extent of a patent thyroglossal duct if present. METHODS This observational study was carried out in the Department of ENT, GVP IHC & MT – Visakhapatnam district, Andhra Pradesh for a period of three years from January 2016 to 2019. In our study, twenty patients were enrolled. Patients with cysts were initially diagnosed based on medical history, clinical examination, and ultrasound sonography (USG) reports. RESULTS Patients' clinical and surgical data, including cyst size and position, presence or absence of the thyroglossal duct, and so on, were analysed. The average age was 11 years. The majority (73.5 percent) were under the age of 15. Males accounted for 75 percent of the population, while females accounted for 25 %. Midline neck swelling was found in most of the patients (95 %). Majority (84.5 %) of cysts were located in the sub-hyoid region. Erythema over swelling was seen in 14.5 % of patients. Thyroglossal ducts were found to be patent at various lengths and areas. Majority of patients (75 %) had tract that began from cyst and ended at superior border of hyoid body while two patients (10 %) had patent thyroglossal duct from the cyst to the vallecular mucosa. Majority (70 %) cysts had size between 1.6 cm and 3 cm. Intraoperatively 15 % of cyst got ruptured. Most of them were present with visible midline neck swelling. None of the cysts had malignant characteristics in our study. CONCLUSIONS In most cases, a patent duct just disappeared at the superior border of body of hyoid. Complete patent thyroglossal duct from cyst to tongue musculature was rare. None of the cysts had malignant characteristics in our study. KEYWORDS Thyroglossal Cyst, Neck Swelling, Thyroglossal Duct
Modification of Asphalt Binder with Waste Expanded Polystyrene (EPS) Foam
Authors: YILDIZ Kürşat , KINACI Harun , ATAKAN Mert
Published: September 2021

Waste polymers are widely used in asphalt modification, especially, in order to reduce their detrimental effect on the environment. This study discusses the usability of waste expanded polystyrene (EPS) foam in asphalt modification. In this respect, the EPS foam, which produces waste in both production and use stages, was mixed with bitumen by weight at the ratios of 2%, 4%, 6%, and 8%, and dry modification method was employed. The penetration, ductility, softening point, flash point, and specific gravity values of virgin bitumen were compared with waste EPS foam modified bitumen. The comparison was made by both graphical and statistical methods. A strong correlation between the physical properties of modified asphalt and the ratio of EPS foam was observed. A drop was observed in penetration and ductility values. Besides, it was found by statistical analyses that 2% of the increase in the additive ratio is not sufficient to make a significant difference in the physical properties of bitumen, therefore, the increase should be at least 4%. Overall, it is concluded that EPS foam additive can be used in bitumen modification for hot regions where low penetration is required.
Synthesis, Spectroscopic Characterization, Crystal Structure and Theoretical Studies on New Organic Single Crystal of 1-(3,5-Difluorophenyl)-3-(2-Nitrophenyl)Urea
Authors: GÜNGÖR Tuğba , KARAKURT Tuncay , ŞAHİN Zarife Sibel
Published: September 2021

A new organic compound, 1-(3,5-difluorophenyl)-3-(2-nitrophenyl)urea was synthesized from 2-nitroaniline, 3,5-difluoroaniline and triphosgene in sequential two steps with 92% yield. The product was crystallized by the slow evaporation using THF and ethyl acetate solvent system to obtain its single crystal. The pure crystals were characterized with melting point, FT-IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and MS. The structure of the compound was brought to light by X-ray single-crystal structure determination. Density functional theory calculations were applied by using (DFT/B3LYP) method with the 6-311G(d,p) basis set level. The potential energy surface (PES) scanning was performed to determine the stability of the molecule. Frontier molecular orbitals of the compound were calculated. AIM charge and MEP analyzes were performed.
ВНУТРІШНЯ ФОРМА СЛІВ-РЕПРЕЗЕНТАНТІВ КОНЦЕПТУ ЛІНЬ У РОСІЙСЬКІЙ МОВІ (НА ТЛІ ЗІСТАВЛЕННЯ З КИТАЙСЬКИМИ ІЄРОГЛІФАМИ
Authors: ВАН Лілі
Published: September 2021

Мета дослідження — розглянути історію слів-репрезентантів концепту Лінь, проаналізувати їх внутрішню форму і сучасні значення, а також зіставити отримані дані з семантикою китайських ієрогліфів. Об’єктом дослідження є семантика слів-репрезентантів концепту Лінь. Предметом — внутрішня форма слів лень, ленивый та ін. У роботі використані методи семантичного, етимологічних, порівняльного аналізу. Результат порівняльного дослідження внутрішньої форми російських слів і китайських ієрогліфів: в матеріалі і російської, і китайської мови виявлені ключові когнітивні ознаки ‘лежати’, ‘спати’, ‘їсти’, на базі яких був реконструйований вихідний концепт-архетип. Внутрішня форма слів відображає результати процесу пізнання, які можна представити у вигляді когнітивного сценарію: ‘лінива людина багато лежить, довго спить, мало і повільно рухається, багато їсть, і тому розраховує жити за рахунок результатів праці інших людей’. Була виявлена специфіка внутрішньої форми китайських ієрогліфів: вона пов’язана з розумінням ліні як ознаки, властивій жінкам. У структурі сучасного китайського ієрогліфа зник елемент «жінка». Вихідний концепт-архетип реалізується в понятійних значеннях російських слів лень, ленивый, лентяй та ін.; образах персонажів російських казок (билинного персонажа Іллі Муромця та казкового персонажа Ємелі-дурня), літературному образі Іллі Обломова, який прийняв символічне значення. У китайській лінгвокультурі, на відміну від російської, поширене типове порівняння ледачий як свиня, а також образ напівлюдини-напівсвині Чжу Бацзе, який став символом ліні, ненажерливості, боягузтва і бездіяльності. Практичне застосування результатів дослідження полягає в тому, що воно може бути використано для перекладу російської художньої, філософської або релігійної літератури на китайську мову.
ТРЕТІЙ УЧАСНИК ФАХОВИХ КОМУНІКАТИВНИХ СИТУАЦІЙ У МУЗИЧНОМУ ЗАКЛАДІ ВИЩОЇ ОСВІТИ
Authors: ДУЗЬ Лариса Іванівна
Published: September 2021

Метою статті є демонстрація особливостей фахової комунікації, яка реалізується у музичному закладі вищої освіти за участі іноземних студентів. Об'єкт вивчення — фахова мовленнєва взаємодія музичного педагога та іноземних студентів з різними рівнями володіння мовою навчання. Предмет дослідження — комунікативна роль та характеристики третього учасника  фахової мовленнєвої ситуації, у ролі якого діє іноземний студент. У дослідженні  застосовано методи спостереження, аналізу та синтезу, зіставлення, узагальнення, а також описовий метод. Результати дослідження: оприявнено реальні комунікативні потреби, які формуються у процесі академічного фахового навчання і мають враховуватися в обґрунтуванні мовних та мовленнєвих компетенцій, необхідних іноземному студентові музичного ЗВО. Типологізовано фахові музично-педагогічні комунікативні ситуації. З'ясовано причини появи ситуації з третім активним учасником. Визначено роль і значення третього комуніканта та необхідні йому мовні компетенції. На підставі вивчення академічних комунікативних ситуації зроблено висновки про фактори, що зумовлюють успішність фахової взаємодії музичного/вокального педагога й іноземних студентів.
АСПЕКТИ ФОРМУВАННЯ СУЧАСНОГО КАЗАХСЬКОГО ЕМПОРОНІМІЧНОГО ПРОСТОРУ (на прикладі торговельних об’єктів міста Нур-Султан)
Authors: Іскакбаєва Шолпан Оринтаєвна
Published: September 2021

У статті розглядаються проблемні питання застосування емпоронімів у міському інформаційному медіа просторі. Проаналізовано технології смислопородження і маніпулювання. Мета статті — вивчення емпоронімів Казахстану на сучасному етапі історичного розвитку казахського суспільства і держави. Об’єкт дослідження — емпороніми як одиниці-номінанти реалій сучасного міського простору. Предмет дослідження — особливості емпоронімов казахської мови. Матеріалом дослідження було обрано емпороніми-номінації найбільших торговельних об’єктів міста Нур-Султан. Одиниці для аналізу відбиралися методом суцільної вибірки, при якому вивченню підлягали лексеми і синтаксичні конструкції у відповідності до їхньої послідовності в поданні у дискурсі. Результати дослідження: виявлено особливості формування емпоронімічного простору сучасного Казахстану, специфіку формування емпоронімов під впливом трансформацій соціокультурної реальності. Висновки. Результати проведеного дослідження надають змогу зробити висновок, що система емпоронімов сучасної казахської мови формується під сильним впливом англійської мови. У той же час, на сьогоднішній день номінації міських об’єктів часто апелюють до історичного минулого казахів, відображають інтенцію до впливу на емоційну сферу реципієнта, містять відсилки до почуття патріотизму та історичної гордості. Результати дослідження можуть знайти своє практичне застосування у процесі подальшого вивчення змін казахської мови під впливом соціокультурних чинників, виявлення взаємозв’язків між лінгвістичними та екстралінгвістичними факторами. Результати можуть бути корисними у проведенні досліджень, виконаних у руслі медіа простору лінгвістики.
ЗАСОБИ ПЕРЕКЛАДУ ВЛАСНИХ ІМЕН В РОМАНІ ОЛЕСЯ ГОНЧАРА «СОБОР» АНГЛІЙСЬКОЮ МОВОЮ
Authors: ПАНЧЕНКО Олена Іванівна , ГОРЄЛОВА Поліна Володимирівна
Published: September 2021

Мета статті – описати результати дослідження перекладу власних назв у романі Олеся Гончара «Собор» англійською мовою.  Об'єкт аналізу – онімікон роману «Собор», що охоплює антропоніми, топоніми, ергоніми і інші одиниці. Предмет дослідження – способи перекладу системи імен роману англійською мовою. Визначено найбільш широко використані способи перекладу, зіставлені варіанти перекладу подібних за структурою та значенням онімів. В роботі використані метод порівняльного аналізу та описовий метод. Результати дослідження: у перекладі роману англійською мовою, створеному Ю. Ткачем та Л. Рудницьким, власні назви тексту перекладені за допомогою різних засобів та їхніх комбінацій. Висновки. Засобами перекладу онімів роману є експлікація, калька, транслітерація, традиційний відповідник та такі їхні комбінації. Вибір засобу або засобів перекладу певної одиниці залежить, як правило, від того, чи належить онім до української культури і чи є він реальним або властивим лише цьому тексту, а також до якої групи він належить за критерієм денотату. Іноді єдність засобів порушується, оскільки, наприклад, андроніми, утворені в українській мові за однаковою схемою, перекладаються трьома різними способами, а деколи виникає неправильна інтерпретація. Однак загалом більшість перекладів онімів у романі єприйнятними,у більшості випадків перекладачам вдалося підібрати адекватні відповідники.
ЕПІТЕТ ЯК ЕМОТИВНИЙ ЗАСІБ СТВОРЕННЯ ОБРАЗУ КРАЇНИ У ТУРИСТИЧНОМУ РЕКЛАМНОМУ СЛОГАНІ
Authors: ШЕВЧЕНКО Ольга Костянтинівна
Published: September 2021

Емотивно забарвлені епітети виступають ефективним засобом виразності мови при створенні рекламного образу країни, наголошують на її унікальності, виокремлюють суттєві ознаки, передають високий ступінь туристичної привабливості, деталізують уявлення про туристичні пам’ятки, акцентують увагу на значимих цінностях. Отже, актуальність дослідження зумовлена необхідністю вивчення стилістичної складової офіційного туристичного слогану країни, оскільки він є найбільш експресивним видом туристичного рекламного тексту, зокрема основних лексичних і фонологічних засобів експресивної дії епітету в рекламному слогані. Мета дослідження – визначити лексичні, фонологічні і компонентні особливості епітету  як засобу створення емотивного образу в офіційному туристичному рекламному слогані країни. Матеріалом для дослідження послугували офіційні туристичні слогани 158 країн світу. Об’єктом нашого дослідження є епітети у туристичних рекламних слоганах країн світу. Предметом дослідження виступають семантико-стилістичні особливості функціонування епітетів у туристичних рекламних слоганах країн світу. У результаті різноаспектного аналізу численних моделей слоганів було зроблено такі висновки: 1) лексику туристичного рекламного слогана характеризує емоційна виразність, бо емоційно-забарвлені слова-епітети формують позитивний образ країни; 2) епітет у рекламному слогані вживають у повторі, разом із контрастним словом, у мовній грі; 3) епітет у рекламному туристичному слогані служить меті переконати реципієнта відвідати запропоноване місце.
Обґрунтування стратегії організації технічного обслуговування, поточного ремонту швидкісного рухомого складу в умовах України
Authors: Крашенінін О.С. , Яковлев С.С. , Шапатіна О.О.
Published: September 2021

Експлуатація закордонного швидкісного рухомого складу (ШРС), у тому числі електропоїздів, для організації швидкісних залізничних пасажирських перевезень потребує обґрунтування стратегії їх утримання.

У статті розглядаються питання оцінки чинників, які впливають на обсяг витрат, пов’язаних з утриманням ШРС, техніко-економічної оцінки цих витрат для трьох можливих стратегій організації їх утримання. На основі такого підходу сформована графічна залежність добутків і витрат на організацію утримання цього РС з урахуванням запровадження відповідних стратегій
ASSISTÊNCIA SOCIAL NO NEOLIBERALISMO: uma análise no contexto da pandemia da COVID-19
Authors: Silva Robson Roberto
Published: September 2021

Apesar de a assistência social ter sido incluída na Constituição Federal de 1988 como uma das políticas de seguridade social, ela tem sido desde então marcada por tensões e resistências entre sujeitos que pertencema classes e a grupos sociais antagônicas. O presente artigo procura, assim, demonstrar, por meio de uma pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, as principais contradições na área da assistência social determinadas pela dinâmica da neoliberalização no Brasil. Particularmente, busca examinar,no contexto da pandemia da COVID-19, as medidas adotadas pelo governo ultraneoliberalde Bolsonaro, que vem reforçando a manutenção de uma estrutura de ações paralelas, focalizadas e seletivas nessa área social, que não se configuram como direitos assistenciais.SOCIAL ASSISTANCE IN NEOLIBERALISM: an analysis in the context of the COVID-19 pandemicAbstractAlthough social assistance was included in the Federal Constitution of 1988 as one of the social security policies, it has since been marked by tensions and resistance between subjects belonging to antagonistic classes and social groups. This article thus seeks to demonstrate, through bibliographical and documentary research, the main contradictions in the area of social assistance determined by the dynamics of neoliberalization in Brazil. In particular, it seeks to examine, in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, the measures adopted by the ultra-neoliberal government of Bolsonaro, which has been reinforcing the maintenance of a structure of parallel, focused and selective actions in this social area, which do not constitute assistance rights.Keywords: Social assistance. Neoliberalism. COVID-19 pandemic.Brazil
REFLEXÕES SOCIOLÓGICAS NO CONTEXTO DA PANDEMIA - Entrevista especial com o Professor Doutor Almerindo Janela Afonso
Authors: Silva Ilse Gomes
Published: September 2021

Essa entrevista foi realizada no decorrer da realização do meu pós-doutoramento na Universidade do Minho, no Instituto de Educação – Departamento deCiências Sociais da Educação, em Portugal, em que tive a feliz oportunidade de tê-lo como orientador. Na ocasião, o professor Almerindo tinha publicado recentemente o artigo O retorno do Estado, a crise pandémica e o keynesianismo de exceção, na revista Lutas Sociais, n. 45, jul/dez 2020 onde fez uma original reflexão sobre o Estado no contexto da pandemia. Considero importante partilhar com o público da revista de Políticas Públicas as reflexões desse grande intelectual,uma vez que necessitamos, a cada dia, de mais elementos para compreender o atual cenário que a humanidade atravessa
PROBLEMAS NO PARAÍSO: fenomenologia do atraso e o “sentimento brasileiro do mundo”
Authors: Silva Saulo Pinto
Published: September 2021

O ensaio propõe debater os problemas relativos aos impasses estruturais da formação da sociedade brasileira, tentando refletir a ideologia do atraso como um modelo básico de explicação das contingências das ausências do presente e do seu encontro com o futuro prometido. Retoma a simbiose entre o moderno e o arcaico para tentar explicar as conexões entre economia e política à guisa das formas de dominação instituídas desde o regime da Colônia ao Império à República.PROBLEMS IN PARADISE: phenomenology of delay and the “Brazilian feeling of the world”Abstract The essay proposes to debate the problems related to the structural impasses in the formation of Brazilian society, trying to reflect the ideology of backwardness as a basic model for explaining the contingencies of the absence of the present and its encounter with the promised future. It retakes the symbiosis between the modern and the archaic to try to explain the connections between economy and politics in the guise of the forms of domination instituted from the Colony regime to the Empire to the Republic.Keywords: Problems in Paradise. Delay. The Brazilian feeling of the world.
AS POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS CULTURAIS NO CONTEXTO PANDÊMICO: uma análise comparativa entre Brasil e América Latina
Authors: Aguiar Mariana de Araujo , Aguiar Luciana de Araújo
Published: September 2021

Este ensaio tem por objetivo analisar as ações do governo brasileiro em relação a outros países da América Latina (Chile, Peru, Argentina e Cuba), principalmente, no que tange às políticas emergenciais para o setor cultural, durante os primeiros seis meses de pandemia da COVID-19. A pesquisa se pautou em análises de instrumentos jurídicos, canais de comunicação e análise bibliográfica. A partir do estudo, verifica que, apesar de diferentes formas de Estado e questões políticas, os países pesquisados, com exceção do Brasil, tiveram uma ação efetiva dos ministérios da cultura para coordenar e promover ações emergenciais ainda no primeiro semestre de 2020.CULTURAL PUBLIC POLICIES IN THE PANDEMIC CONTEXT: a comparative analysis between Brazil and Latin AmericaAbstractThis paper aims to analyze the actions of the Brazilian government in relation to other Latin American countries (Chile, Peru, Argentina and Cuba), especially in regard to emergency policies for the cultural sector during the first six months of the COVID-19 pandemic. The research was based on analyzes of legal instruments, communication channels and bibliographic analysis. From the study, it was found that, despite different forms of state and political issues, the countries surveyed, with the exception of Brazil, had effective action by the ministries of culture to coordinate and promote emergency actions in the first half of 2020.Keywords: COVID-19. Cultural policies. Latin America
​Management Practices Adopted by Farmers of Budgam in Rearing Kashmir Merino
Authors: Rather Mubashir Ali , Hamadani Ambreen , Shanaz Syed , Alam Safeer , Nazir S.
Published: September 2021

Background: Kashmir Merino is a very important synthetic sheep breed of J and K. It is widely adopted across the Valley. It is an important source of income for the poor and marginalized farmers. An attempt was made to understand the management practices adopted by farmers of Budgam in rearing of Kashmir Merino sheep.
Methods: A survey was undertaken in Budgam district understand the management practices used by farmers for rearing Kashmir Merino sheep. Result: Majority of the sheep farmers (68.42) housed Kashmir Merino sheep in Pucca house made of brick structures reinforced with either cement or mud whereas only (31.58%) housed sheep in Katcha houses. Breeding season ranges from April to May and August to December. Majority of the respondents (75.00%) reported autumn season as the main breeding season and only 25% reported spring as main breeding season. The sheep farmer was either having in possession small or marginal land holding. Sheep were reared on semi-intensive feeding systems during early spring and late autumn, intensive system during winter from December to April and extensive system from May to November. The vaccination against infectious diseases, dozing against prevalent parasites and treatment as per morbidity was carried out by expert veterinarians of Department of sheep Husbandry. Poor economic and low technical proficiency are main hurdles for farmers of Budgam to have good housing facilities to manage the breed. Management has significant effect on performance of sheep.
Standardization of Dose and Delivery of Oxytetracycline against Streptococcus agalactiae Infection in Genetically Improved Farmed Tilapia (GIFT)
Authors: Kalaria Kishan Kishorchandra , John Kollanoor Riji , George Mulloorpeedikayil Rosalind
Published: September 2021

Background: Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is one of the most important aquaculture species in India. Streptococcus agalactiae is a highly debilitating pathogen of farmed tilapia. In this study, oxytetracycline (OTC) dose and delivery were standardized against S. agalactiae infection in genetically improved farmed tilapia (GIFT) and pharmacokinetics after oral administration was evaluated. Methods: LD50 value of S. agalactiae was found to be 6.2×106 CFU/fish. Two methods of drug delivery were investigated at three different doses of 50, 70 and 90 mg/kg against the S. agalactiae infection. Pharmacokinetics of OTC was studied after per os administration of 100 mg/kg body weight per day and analysing the residues in kidney, liver and muscle at different time intervals. Result: Per os delivery of OTC 90 mg/kg controlled S. agalactiae infection and the withdrawal time of OTC to fall below MRL of 0.05 µg/g at 30°C was 21 days in kidney and liver and 14 days in muscle. The study indicated that the S. agalactiae infection in tilapia could be controlled by OTC and fish can be marketed after providing a withdrawal period of 14 days.
Comparison of Titanium Elastic Nailing and End-threaded Intramedullary Pinning for Distal Femoral Fractures in Young Dogs
Authors: Sodhi Harmanpreet Singh , Kumar Ashwani , Anand Arun , Sangwan Vandana , Singh Opinder
Published: September 2021

Background: Femur fractures are common in immature dogs. As compared to stainless steel, titanium implants are lighter and allow controlled micro-motion at the site of fracture that stimulates early callus formation by limiting stress shielding. Cited literature reports successful clinical use of titanium elastic nails for the stabilization of long bone fractures in young human patients; however, there is paucity of information on this technique is dogs. This study was planned with an objective to compare titanium elastic nails (TENS) and single end-threaded pin for the management of femoral fractures in young dogs. Methods: The study included 20 clinical cases (10 male and 10 female) of dogs suffering from distal femoral fracture with a mean±SD age of 5.70±5.60 month, body weight 11.09±4.48 kg since 3.05±2.35 days. The cases were divided into 2 groups; using TENS (n=10; group 1) and stainless steel end-threaded intramedullary pin (n=10; group 2). Result: Group 1 dogs demonstrated better fracture reduction score, early and uniform callus and better implant stability as compared to group 2, radiographically. Early weight bearing and minimum postoperative complications with better functional outcome including joint mobility was reported in group 1. In conclusions, TENS is superior fracture fixation technique for the repair of supracondylar or distal third femur fractures in young dogs with better functional outcome, minimal stiffness of stifle joint and early weight bearing, in comparison to single end threaded intramedullary pin.
Short Term Effects of Antimicrobial Agent Triclosan on Oreochromis mossambicus (Peters, 1852): Biochemical and Genetic Alterations
Authors: Deepika Seenivasan , Padmavathy Pandurengan , Srinivasan Arasan , Sugumar Gopalrajan , Jawahar Paulraj
Published: September 2021

Background: Triclosan is an antimicrobial agent which enters into the aquatic environment through wastewater discharges which causes potential health risk in human and aquatic organisms. The present study aimed to determine the toxic effects of triclosan on Oreochromis mossambicus. Methods: The fishes were subjected to five different concentrations viz. 131, 262, 523, 1046 and 2092 µg.l-1 of triclosan for 96 h acute toxicity test. To evaluate the levels of enzymes such as acetylcholinesterase and glutathione S transferase, brain and liver tissues were collected, homogenized, extracted and stored at -20° for further analysis. The DNA damage was assessed in gill and liver tissues using single cell gel electrophoresis method. Result: In present study, the calculated 96 h LC50 value of triclosan in O. mossambicus was 740 µg.l-1 and the fishes showed various behavioural alterations. Time and dose dependent inhibition of AChE activity in brain tissue was observed during acute toxicity test. However, the GST activity in liver tissue increased on exposure to triclosan with significant increase in concentration of toxicant. DNA damage index was higher in gill tissue compared to the liver tissue during acute exposure to TCS which could cause detrimental effects in fishes.
Cultural, Morphological Characterization and Aggressiveness of Alternaria alternata Causing Leaf Spot of Soybean
Authors: Fagodiya R.K. , Trivedi Amit , Fagodia B.L. , Meena P.K. , Kaushik M.K. , Verma Arvind
Published: September 2021

Background: Alternaria leaf spot caused by Alternaria alternata is one of the most important and destructive disease of soybean causing severe yield loss in all soybean growing areas of southern and eastern part of Rajasthan. Successful management of Alternaria leaf spot is mainly dependent on accurate and efficient detection of pathogen, amount of genetic and pathogenic variability present in pathogen population. The main reason for frequent “breakdown” of effective resistance is the variability that exists in the pathogen population, which necessitates a continual replacement of cultivars due to disease susceptibility. Methods: The twelve fungal isolates randomly were collected from six districts of major soybean growing part of Rajasthan i.e., Udaipur, Chittorgarh, Pratapgarh, Kota, Baran and Jhalawar. The culture was purified single spore techniques. These were then further compared among each other for any variations in cultural characters, colour of colonies, Growth rate, conidial morphology and pathogenic variability. Result: Twelve different isolates of A. alternata were obtained in pure culture and characterized for cultural, morphological variation and aggressiveness of this fungus varied in their cultural characters, colour of colonies, growth rate of isolates, conidial morphology and isolates also exhibited variations in incubation period, latent period, number and size of lesions were produced.
Examining Racial Microaggressions in Rehabilitation Counselor Education
Authors: Cartwright Brenda Y. , Washington Robin D. , McConnell L. Robert
Published: September 2021

This research extends the Constantine et al. (2008) study which identified racial microaggressions against Black faculty working in counseling and counseling psychology programs. Semi-structured interviews and qualitative analyses were used to: (1) ascertain the existence of racial microaggressions among African American faculty employed in CORE-accredited rehabilitation counselor education programs; (2) examine the effect of racial microaggressions on the experiences of these faculty members, and (3) discuss strategies that may be used to challenge racial microaggressions. Seven themes were identified. Recommendations are offered to improve the work environment in support of retaining Faculty of Color.
Increasing Minority Student Enrollment in Counselor Education
Authors: Robinson Mona C. , Lewis Denise , Henderson DeAnna , Flowers Carl R.
Published: September 2021

Counselor education programs across the country often fail to attract, enroll and graduate students in proportion that reflects the diversity of the nation. As our country's demography changes, the impact of race and ethnicity within the client-counselor relationship is likely to have greater importance and, as such, counselor education programs must ensure a diverse group of students and graduates. Accordingly, counseling programs must recruit, retain and graduate minority students. This article reviews information concerning (a) the increasing diversity within the country and, in particular, student enrollment in post-secondary educational programs; (b) the importance of having a diverse counselor education student body; and (c), a minority student recruitment and retention model currently being used by a Council on Rehabilitation Education (CORE) accredited program.
Multicultural Education and Training in Rehabilitation Counseling Education Programs
Authors: Donnell Chandra M. , Robertson Stacia L. , Shannon Cozetta D.
Published: September 2021

Racial-ethnic backgrounds of rehabilitation counseling clientele have become increasingly diverse. Additionally, the current emphasis on globalization and international rehabilitation in diverse communities requires educators to examine teaching methods and strategies to best train rehabilitation counselors working within these complex diverse populations. Rehabilitation counseling training programs have begun to embrace multicultural practices as they are implemented in accreditation standards; however, implementation of multicultural practices in educational programs is still unclear. The purpose of this article is to define multicultural education and its role in rehabilitation counselor education. A multifaceted approach to multicultural education in rehabilitation counseling education is presented. Implications for rehabilitation counselor education programs is discussed.
МИКРОЭЛЕМЕНТЫ В СЕЛЬСКОХОЗЯЙСТВЕННЫХ РАСТЕНИЯХ (ОБЗОР)
Authors:   Клиника современной трихологии, Побилат А.Е. , Волошин Е.И. ,   Красноярский государственный аграрный университет
Published: September 2021

Рассмотрены закономерности содержания мышьяка, кадмия, ртути, свинца, цинка, кобальта, никеля, меди, хрома и марганца в продуктивной части урожая различных сельскохозяйственных культур. Показано, что концентрация микроэлементов в растениях зависит от погодных условий, свойств почв и содержания в них подвижной формы элементов, применения удобрений, техногенной нагрузки на агроландшафты, биологических и видовых особенностей растений. Для повышения качества растительной продукции необходима оптимизация питания растений по микро- и макроэлементам. Комплексное применение микро- и макроудобрений является основой улучшения микроэлементного состава растений, повышения качественных параметров продукции при сохранении ее экологической безопасности. На территориях локального загрязнения почв микроэлементами необходимо проведение постоянного мониторинга за содержанием их в растительной продукции и разработка мероприятий по уменьшению их поступления в растения.
AS FUNÇÕES DA PALAVRA: A COMUNICAÇÃO DA DABAR PELO LOGOS NAS NARRATIVAS EVANGÉLICAS
Authors: Rodrigues João Bartolomeu , Leonido Levi Fernandes , Morgado Elsa Maria
Published: September 2021

A palavra enquanto instrumento de comunicação, no Novo Testamento, na sequência da tradição veterotestamentária, onde a criação do mundo resulta da obediência ao ato declarativo, do fiat (faça-se) divino, onde a Dabar (Palavra) aparece como entidade criadora, tornando-se o instrumento de comunicação, por excelência, entre Deus e o seu povo, até ao Novo Testamento em que o Logos (Palavra) se identifica com o próprio Deus que incarna e se faz homem. A polissemia da palavra de Deus assume as funções da palavra humana, como palavra incarnada dirigida aos homens, convertendo-se no principal instrumento de comunicação evangélica, consignada nas narrativas neotestamentárias.
The problem of information hygiene and the relevance of late-antique ethics
Authors: Pylkin Alexander , Serkova Vera , Pylkina Maria
Published: September 2021

Today a completely new type of reality – «digital reality» – is being formed, which entails new challenges for individuals and society. Deep involvement in digital reality and the active use of its technical mediators creates a load on the psychophysics of the individual, which, especially in the stage of active growth, not only deforms behavioral patterns, but can also influence the formation of brain structures. Educational practices, through which society helped the individual to form their identity, lose their former certainty in the digital dimension. As a response to these challenges at the turn of the XX-XXI centuries, the concept of information hygiene was formed within the medical sciences, describing ways to minimize the destructive effects of the information environment. However, developed for a narrow field, this concept does not take into account the fact that psychophysical transformations under the influence of destructive influences of modern media threaten to destroy the basic constants of the human body. Positivist medicine, due to the specificity of its subject, does not see the eschatological horizon of the problem, on which the contours of our «posthuman future» are already clearly outlined. At this point, philosophy can and should recall that at the dawn of European civilization, medicine was inseparably an ethical program: a single set of practices – ascetic, hygienic, and mental-aimed not only at minimizing destructive influences but also at discovering and cultivating the individual's own humanity. Thus, in this article, the concept of information hygiene is thematized taking into account its historical and philosophical implications. On the one hand, it is intended to reflect the current specifics of the challenges, on the other – to take into account the experience of preventing destructive influences, practiced by late-antique philosophers in the status of «healers of the soul». For the empirical verification of this concept, the authors performed the following experiment. A group of first-year students were asked to spend a day without the Internet and describe their feelings and thoughts. The analysis of spontaneous ways to overcome deep involvement in digital reality allowed us to identify the most adequate forms of minimizing its destructive influences: avoidance of active leisure in the real world. These forms were in tune with the late-antique practices of self-care in the editorial office of the Epicurean school. This broader ethical consideration of information hygiene opens the way for theming a comprehensive approach to the problem of human survival in the face of digital reality
Private partnership in health care: Moscow's case
Authors: Grigorieva Nataliya , Sobolev Sergey
Published: September 2021

Public-private partnership (PPP) is one of the priority areas of healthcare development in Russia being considered as an effective tool for improving the material and technical base of health services, introducing innovative treatments, improving access to and quality of medical care.
In Russian healthcare, PPP develops within the framework of a unified approach, but with certain specificity, associated, among other things, with regional specifics. At the same time, as healthcare and medical services belong to the social sphere forms of attracting private investors that prove themselves effective in other sectors of the economy may be unacceptable.
In addition, the state performs significant social and regulatory functions (budget allocation and asset management), guarantees the quality of medical care for the citizens of the country. The business seeks to profit from its investments, to increase its share in the service market. Therefore, the success of a PPP largely depends on how optimally the functions of partners (government and business) are combined in the implementation of joint projects.
The article analyses existing PPP projects in healthcare in the city of Moscow, as well as the practice of functioning of health services created on the basis of PPP.
In the first part of the article, the authors analyze the specifics of promoting PPPs in Russian healthcare at both federal and regional levels. The second part provides an overview of innovative PPP projects in Moscow followed by a discussion of specific projects, peculiarities of their formation and modern state, analysis of the main problems of further development of PPPs in health care in Moscow
Formation of a system of real support measures large families
Authors: Voskolovich Nina , Askhabaliyev Ibragimkhalil
Published: September 2021

The article summarizes the results of the analysis of the use of instruments of state support for large families in Russia, taking into account the social and demographic situation. The purpose of the study is to analyze is to substantiate proposals for direct real support of large families to overcome the trend of depopulation in Russia. The categories «large family», «low-income family» and «low-income family» have been clarified to determine the most effective measures to support large families. Measures of state support for large families have been differentiated according to the characteristics of their direct or indirect, potential or actual receipt by such families, which allows us to assess their effectiveness in stimulating an increase in the birth rate. The analysis of the contribution of large families to the increase in natural population growth is given, the influence of such factors as a reduction in the reproductive contingent, in particular, due to a decrease in the number of women of fertile age, an increase in the average age of mothers giving birth to their first child and subsequent children, a decrease in the mother's living standards in large families is shown. A study of the state support for large families operating in Russian regions was carried out, which made it possible to reveal the prevalence of indirect potential tools over direct real ones that do not have a significant effect on improving the conditions and living standards of families with three or more children. As a result of the analytical study, a potential opportunity was revealed to solve the problems of depopulation by creating material and financial conditions for increasing the number of large families. The progressive foreign experience on the use of direct real measures to support large families, depending on the number of children being brought up, is generalized. Recommendations for improving the effectiveness of measures to support large families by providing real (direct) state support have been substantiated