bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Filologiczne wydanie Rozmyślania przemyskiego a czeski Život Krista Pána
Authors: Borowiec Karolina
Published: April 2018

A philological edition of Rozmyślanie przemyskie and the Czech Život Krista Pána

The goal of the paper is to evaluate the editorial decisions made by the editors of the only transcribed philological edition of Rozmyślanie przemyskie (the so-called Freiburg edition), by confronting it with the text of Život Krista Pána, a Czech apocrypha preserved in several copies the oldest of which dates back to the first half of the 14th century. The basis for the analysis are materially and linguistically similar fragments of both apocrypha. The presented survey not only validates or questions various editorial decisions, but also once again shows that a transcription of an Old Polish text is to a considerable extent its interpretation, and that designing such a transcription is an unusually difficult task which requires a large amount of work and a specific set of skills.
Staropolskie konstrukcje z przyimkami
Authors: Krążyńska Zdzisława
Published: April 2018

Old Polish constructions with prepositions. A short synthesis

Structures with prepositional expressions constitute a large collection of Old Polish constructions that underwent multiple linguistic processes. As the starting point of my considerations, I assume that prepositions are not functional syntactic units. A syntactic unit, i.e. an element, is a prepositional expression, i.e. a preposition together with the nomen in the appropriate case. Prepositional expressions are an analytical form that is functionally equivalent to an inflectional case, a synthetic form. Structures with cases are considerably lexicalized in Old Polish, and the processes in which they participate are not innovative – while processes in which prepositional expressions take part radically reorganize the area of relations based on categorical spacial meanings. It is mainly the preposition itself that carries the meaning, while other ingredients of the context, especially the nomen linked by the preposition, must harmonize with it. All the other categorical spacial meanings, of which there is more than fifty, are created with the participation of a broader context. Taking this into account, I consider a majority of categorical non-spacial meanings to be transformations of spacial meanings. They can be more or less distinct; the less distinct they are, the greater the probability of a rise of government, i.e. of a formal schema “announced” by the verb.
O wyjątkowym średniowiecznym komentarzu do tłumaczenia modlitw
Authors: Masłej Dorota
Published: April 2018

On one exceptional mediaeval commentary on translation of prayers

The paper is an analysis of a mediaeval grammatical commentary on translation of prayers into Polish (from the manuscript BJ 1297). The author discusses the various problems that the writer engages in the context of the preserved copies of basic prayers. The paper reveals the unusual linguistic awareness of the writer who uses the grammatical system of Latin, with which he is acquainted, to build a mode of thinking about Polish, and who reflects upon Polish, recognizes its diversification, and sees in it a chance to express the content enclosed in Latin structures. The commentary is simultaneously metatextual and metalinguistic as the writer uses, through the discussed texts, the grammar of contemporary Polish as his subject of reference.
Tekst staropolski jako odmienny obiekt badań? W poszukiwaniu narzędzi opisu
Authors: Mika Tomasz
Published: April 2018

Old Polish text as a separate subject of study? In the search of descriptive tools

The author provides an answer to the question why Old Polish texts, especially mediaeval ones, constitute a separate subject of study. Primarily, he draws attention to the kinds of problems connected with the reading of those texts (e.g. identification of functional expressions), and with the various manifestations of multilayeredness. How to study such texts? The author suggests that the existing palette of methods be complemented with selected tools developed by modern textology, which so far have only sporadically been employed in the research of the oldest Polish texts. Meanwhile, their use makes possible a precise description and analysis, taking into account the multilayeredness and the traces of the work of many scribes, sometimes so large that they modify the arrengement of intentions and functions of the text. The author uses the example of Rozmyślanie przemyskie and other texts to show the complexity of such problems as the address of the text, its cohesion, continuity, and comprehensiveness – qualities that are only revealed when appropriate assumptions are made and adequate descriptive tools used.
„Malowanie słowem” – o stylu sprawozdań Henryka Sienkiewicza z wystaw malarskich
Authors: Pietrzak Magdalena
Published: April 2018

“Painting with words” – on the style of Henryk Sienkiewicz’s reports from painting exhibitions

The paper aims to characterize the style of H. Sienkiewicz’s reports from painting exhibitions. The stylistic features have been determined from the genological perspective, with the assumption that the report is an alternative template for the review. The main stylistic features of the analysed texts are: 1. suggestiveness, graphical character, and persuasiveness, as features resulting from how the intention of the text was realized; 2. weakened adherance to templates, owing to the possibility of realization of various structural variants; and 3. eclectic nature, related to the richness of stylistic registers, including a sizeable repertory of means belonging to the artistic style, thematic vocabulary, and vocabulary directly linked to the subject of painting. Specialist vocabulary, concepts and terms characteristic of the art of painting, constitute a specific group.
DIctionnaire Synchronique des FAmilles dérivationnelles de mots français (DISFA) jako faza ewolucji słowotwórstwa gniazdowego
Authors: Fijałkowska Wanda
Published: April 2018

DI ctionnaire Synchronique des FAmilles derivationnelles de mots français (DISFA) as a phase in the evolution of nest word formation

The lexicography of the Slavonic nations, especially the branch of nest lexicography, has seen an impetuous development since the sixties, producing at least fifty publications, but it remains effectively unknown to French lexicography. Updated terminology, the symbols of successive parts of speech in the word-formative chain from the centre of the nest to the specific derivative, remain an achievement of researchers solely on this side of the Rhône. The DISFA dictionary (Claude Gruaz et al., published 2008) neither does refer to the Slavonic tradition, nor even to the native, French tradition (p.ex. an unfinished project from the nineties that was initiated by Danielle Corbin), and remains despite the announcements only a morphological and etymological dictionary.
Badanie polszczyzny odziedziczonej (na przykładzie bilingwizmu polsko-niemieckiego)
Authors: Żurek Anna
Published: April 2018

Researching Polish as a herigage language (using the example of Polish-German bilingualism)

The interest in problems relating to the languages of migrant societies (called heritage languages in the literature) has been steadily growing among linguists and language teachers worldwide, including in Poland, and promoting the rise of new research directions (Heritage Language Acquisition, Heritage Language Learning). The present considerations systematize and review. The paper aims to present the state of research on Polish as a heritage language, in the context of Polish-German bilingualism. Considering the wide range of the issue, I limited myself to only reporting the newest empirical research conducted in Poland and Germany among bilingual speakers of Polish as a heritage language.
Przysłowie Diabeł tkwi w szczegółach we współczesnej polszczyźnie
Authors: Wasiuta Sebastian
Published: April 2018

The proverb Diabeł tkwi w szczegółach ‘the devil is in the detail’ in contemporary Polish. Rhetoricity, mystification, stereotype

The paper is devoted to the functioning of the proverb diabeł tkwi w szczegółach in multi-genre texts of contemporary Polish. The author discusses the rhetoric potential of the phrase, used when there are problems with the realization of some undertaking. Senders like to use it in the beginning (in the title) and at the end of the text. The persuasive efficiency of an utterance containing the discussed phrase is raised by granting the status of a proverb to the sentence diabeł tkwi w szczegółach, and in particular, by garnishing it with such adjectives as dawne, stare, tradycyjne (‘ancient’, ‘old’, ‘traditional’), or a stylistic qualifier jak to mówią chłopi ‘as peasants say’. In actual fact, the antiquity and popularity of this maxim are a mistification. The last part of the paper is devoted to a reconstruction of the semantics of the proverb, especially with regard to the formally similar phrase bóg tkwi w szczegółach ‘the god is in the detail’.
Szkic historii lingwistyki matematycznej w Rosji i ZSRR, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem tłumaczenia maszynowego
Authors: Urban Roman
Published: April 2018

A history of mathematical linguistics in Russia and in the USSR , with a particular regard to machine translation

Our goal is to follow and analyse the development of mathematical linguistics in Russia and in the USSR. The first application of mathematical methods, primarily statistical, occurred in Russia already in mid-19th century; however a true bloom of mathematical linguistics happens in mid-20th century, owing to the initiation of intensive research into machine translation. Both the rapid development of machine translation in the initial phase, and later curtailment of research due to considerable financial limitations, has a political-historical justification. We finish our description of the history of linguistic research with the use of mathematical methods with the moment of the collapse of the USSR. Additionally, we show the evolution of the methodology of scientific research within mathematical linguistics.
Música experimental electrónica portuguesa – uma aproximação teórica
Authors: Doktorska Magdalena
Published: April 2018

The present article describes the phenomena of experimental electronic music from Portugal, which is founded on concepts originating from the vanguards of the XX century. Starting from the crisis, which affected the 1900’s music, this short study presents the evolution of the noise connotation and the development of experimental electronic music. That, being always a cultural phenomena linked to alternative culture is also present in Portugal. For the current article were chosen three musical projects: structura, Eletrólise and M‑Pex, which can be considered representative for the topic of the article.
Matizando a violência: as representações das relações coloniais na obra de João Paulo Borges Coelho
Authors: Banasiak Marta
Published: April 2018

TONES OF VIOLENCE: REPRESENTING COLONIAL RELATIONS IN THE WORK OF JOÃO PAULO BORGES COELHO

This article analyses the process of recuperation of social relations during the colonial period in the work of a Mozambican writer João Paulo Borges Coelho. The process is seen as a project of filling an empty space in the collective memory of Mozambican nation that has emerged due to a violent rupture with the past triggered off by the post‑independence politics.
Avaliação da política urbana na luta contra a exclusão social, com exemplos das cidades do Rio de Janeiro e São Paulo
Authors: Dolinski Karel
Published: April 2018

AN EVALUATION OF THE URBAN PUBLIC POLICY CONCERNING THE SOCIAL EXCLUSION, WITH EXAMPLES FROM THE CITIES OF RIO DE JANEIRO AND SÃO PAULO

The aim of this article is to analyze and evaluate the urban policies concerning the social exclusion. Analyzed polices have been introduced in the two biggest cities in Brazil: Sao Paulo, the most populated city in South America and Rio de Janeiro, the iconic city of this country.
Violência linguística como uma forma de legalização do português como língua oficial do Brasil
Authors: Fabová Jana
Published: April 2018

LINGUISTIC VIOLENCE AS A FORM OF LEGALIZATION OF PORTUGUESE AS OFFICIAL LANGUAGE OF BRAZIL

This article aims to describe the linguistic situation in Brazil through the centuries emphasizing the most important points of history, ethnic groups, spoken languages in every century and the language policies which were applied. The discovery of Brazil and its colonization is a unique cultural and language situation. This article makes a sociolinguistic panorama of Brazil from the period of multilingual territory inhabited by indigenous tribes, who spoke hundreds of native languages, to the period of political monolingual territory, but with multilingualism located in certain parts of Brazil.
Se correr o bicho pega, se ficar o bicho come – Cidade de Deus e a identidade brasileira de inferioridade
Authors: Nagayama Eda
Published: April 2018

DAMNED IF YOU DO, DAMNED IF YOU DON’T – "CITY OF GOD" AND THE BRAZILIAN IDENTITY OF INFERIORITY This article proposes a reflection on contemporary Brazilian identity under the framework of the multidisciplinary studies of ‘cultural trauma’ (Alexander, 2004), that revises and expands the original concept of psychic trauma to reflect on identity and social changes, and their representations such as cinema and literature. The opening of “City of God” (2002), film by Fernando Meirelles and Kátia Lund, adaptation of Paulo Lins’ homonymous novel (1997), is seen here as a synthetic representation of a Brazilian identity of precariousness and inferiority, an outcome of the traumatic colonial slave past.
Let nature dictate your space
Authors: Neville Sarah
Published: April 2018

Colour is a very important consideration when preparing your learning environment, and rather than follow fads, why not listen to what the children feel would help them?
Latest developments
Authors: Webb Penny
Published: April 2018

Send your letters, news stories or latest developments to: The Editor, Child Care, St Jude's Church, Dulwich Road, Herne Hill, London, SE24 0PB email: childcare@markallengroup.com
GDPR: Individual rights
Authors: Martland Rebecca
Published: April 2018

The third instalment in our look at the forthcoming General Data Protection Regulations that come into force in May, looks at the new rights it gives to individuals, including children.
Stop, look and listen
Authors: Webb Penny
Published: April 2018

Pausing for reflection is not only good early years practice, it is a message that is reinforced throughout life and it can also help us to judge what is in the best interests of children.
Science: The use of technology
Authors: Sargent Marianne
Published: April 2018

This is the ninth in a series of extracts from the book, Developing Early Science Skills Outdoors, which explores ideas for providing children with opportunities to learn outside.
Neurophysiological effects of constraint-induced movement therapy and motor function: A systematic review
Authors: Abdullahi Auwal
Published: April 2018

Background/Aims:

There is a claim that improvements in motor function in people with stroke following constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT) is due to compensation but not actually neurorestoration. However, few studies have demonstrated improvements in neurophysiological outcomes such as increased motor map size and activation of primary cortex, or their positive correlations with motor function, following CIMT. The aim of this study was to carry out a systematic review of CIMT trials using neurophysiological outcomes, and a meta-analysis of the relationship between the neurophysiological outcomes and motor function.

Methods:

The PubMed, PEDro and CENTRAL databases, as well as the reference lists of the included studies, were searched. The included studies were randomised controlled trials comparing the effect of CIMT on neurophysiological outcomes compared with other rehabilitation techniques, conventional therapy, or another variant of CIMT. Methodological quality was assessed using the PEDro scale. The data extracted from the studies were sample size, eligibility criteria, dose of intervention and control, outcome measurements, and time since stroke.

Findings:

A total of 10 articles (n=219) fulfilled the study inclusion criteria, all of which were used for narrative synthesis, and four studies were used in the meta-analysis. The methodological quality of the studies ranged from low to high. Strong, positive, and significant correlations were found between the neurophysiological and motor function outcomes in fixed effects (z=3.268, p=0.001; r=0.52, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.227–0.994) and random-effects (z=2.106, p=0.035; r=0.54, 95% CI 0.0424–0.827) models.

Conclusions:

Randomised controlled trials evaluating the effects of CIMT on neurophysiological outcomes are few in number. Additionally, these studies used diverse outcomes, which makes it difficult to draw any meaningful conclusion. However, there is a strong positive correlation between neurophysiological and motor function outcomes in these studies.
Child Marriage in the United States: How Common Is the Practice, And Which Children Are at Greatest Risk?
Authors: Koski Alissa , Heymann Jody
Published: April 2018

CONTEXT

Marriage before the age of 18, commonly referred to as child marriage, is legal under varying conditions across the United States. The prevalence of child marriage among recent cohorts is unknown.

METHODS

American Community Survey data for 2010–2014 were used to estimate the average national and state‐level proportions of children who had ever been married. Prevalence was calculated by gender, race and ethnicity, and birthplace, and the living arrangements of currently married children were examined.

RESULTS

Approximately 6.2 of every 1,000 children surveyed had ever been married. Prevalence varied from more than 10 per 1,000 in West Virginia, Hawaii and North Dakota to less than four per 1,000 in Maine, Rhode Island and Wyoming. It was higher among girls than among boys (6.8 vs. 5.7 per 1,000), and was lower among white non‐Hispanic children (5.0 per 1,000) than among almost every other racial or ethnic group studied; it was especially high among children of American Indian or Chinese descent (10.3 and 14.2, respectively). Immigrant children were more likely than U.S.‐born children to have been married; prevalence among children from Mexico, Central America and the Middle East was 2–4 times that of children born in the United States. Only 20% of married children were living with their spouses; the majority of the rest were living with their parents.

CONCLUSIONS

Child marriage occurs throughout the country. Research on the social forces that perpetuate child marriage is needed to inform efforts to prevent it.
Screens as human and non-human artefacts: Expanding the McLuhans’ tetrad
Authors: Grodsky Nicholas C. , Hildebrand Julia M. , Hakanen Ernest A.
Published: April 2018

Following Graham Harman in the charge that Marshall and Eric McLuhan’s laws of media are applicable beyond human-made artefacts, this article takes this framework in considering the screen as medium. The screen is a material and virtual principle found in both old and new communication technologies, as well as in non-human environments (e.g. beaver dams and solar objects). Employing Lucas Introna and Fernando Ilharco’s concept of screenness as starting point and common thread, we formulate tetrads of human-made, animal-made and natural screens. Expanding the tetrad is helpful in exploring human and non-human media ecologies and how they may interrelate. We reveal several resonances across media through the concept of the screen and argue that the proliferation of material surfaces of display occludes deeper histories of media objects as well as connections between human and non-human ecologies. This wider application strengthens the laws of media as an epistemology for the ecological workings of a medium. Our conclusion points to non-human theory in reconsidering both the tetrad and the kind of hard technological determinism read into Marshall McLuhan’s work more broadly.
Knowledge and practice of vital pulp therapy in young permanent teeth among general dental practitioners in Kerman, Iran
Authors: Pishbin Lida , Sajadi Fatemeh Sadat , Mahmoudi Maryam , Shahabinejad Hassan
Published: April 2018

The dental pulp is the living tissue of the tooth and its vitality is essential for long-term tooth survival. The vitality or non-vitality of the pulp as well as the presence or absences of a radicular pathology determine the type of pulp therapy. The knowledge of the dentist is important in selecting and carrying out a proper complete treatment. Therefore, this study was conducted to assess general dental practitioner`s (GDP) knowledge of indication, methods and prognosis of vital pulp therapy (VPT) for young permanent teeth (YPT).Method A total of 160 GDPs from dental clinics and offices in Kerman participated in this descriptive cross-sectional study. Data were collected using an initial questionnaire consisted of 15 items examining the knowledge and practice of indication, methods and prognosis of VPT for YPT among GDPs. The participants were asked to choose from the provided answers.Result of 160 questionnaires 154 were used for final evaluation.The overall obtained average score of the total items of the questionnaire was 4.53 Â± 3.56. There was not any significant correlation between the knowledge of indication, examination, diagnosis, patients selection, effective factors in success of treatment and gender, number of the years since graduation and the university where the degree was obtained for VPT among GDPs. While knowledge of selecting the right materials for pulp-capping was significantly correlated with the number of the years since graduation and the university where the degree was obtained.Conclusion Although GDPs' level of knowledge in regard to VPT is not favorable, the time since graduation and place of education influenced the suitable material selection for pulp capping. Hence, GDPs, who perform pulp therapy , need to keep themselves updated with these procedures.
Chronological Age as Factor Influencing the Dental Implant Osseointegration in the Jaw Bone
Authors: Papež Jakub , Dostálová Taťjana , Chleborád Karel , Kříž Pavel , Strnad Jakub
Published: April 2018

The objectives of this study were to evaluate osseointegration of dental implant in the jaw bone in the young and elderly population and comparing the results to assess indicators and risk factors as age for the success or failure of dental implants. A retrospective study of 107 implants (Impladent, LASAK, Czech Republic) was prepared. The patients at implants surgery were divided in three groups. The patients were followed-up for a 7-year period. We evaluated osseointegration from long term point of view as a change of marginal bone levels close to dental implant. Marginal bone levels were recorded and analysed with regard to different patient- and implant-related factors. An influence of chronological age on change of marginal bone levels during 6-year retrospective study vas evaluated. The study examined 47 patient charts and 107 implants from the Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Motol. We proved that young healthy patients with long bridges or Branemarks have the same progression of marginal bone levels changes. The chronological age hasn’t therefore direct influence on the osseointegration from long term point of view. But we found that the length of dental suprastrucure-prosthetic construction negatively influences marginal bone changes, though these results weren’t statistically significant. More extensive dental implant suprastrucure undergoes smaller osseointegration. On the other hand the length of dental suprastrucure (prosthetic construction) negatively influences dental osseointegration in both groups of patient.
Isolated Arteritis of Both Lower Limbs
Authors: Průcha Miroslav , Šnajdrová Alena , Zdráhal Pavel
Published: April 2018

Isolated arteritis of the lower limb vessels is an extremely rare condition. The use of modern vascular imaging techniques substantially facilitates and accelerates the diagnostics. In the isolated lower limb arteritis, it is always necessary to exclude Takayasu’s and giant-cell arteritis. We present the case of a female patient with an isolated lower extremity arteritis without any other symptoms of systemic vascular damage or systemic autoimmune disease. Immunosuppressive therapy is obligatory in this case. Interdisciplinary co-operation is required for rapid diagnosis and successful therapy. Our patient has consented to the publication of this report.
On Milne–Barbier–Unsöld relationships
Authors: Paletou Frédéric
Published: April 2018

This short review aims to clarify upon the origins of so-called Eddington-Barbier relationships, which relate the emergent specific intensity and the flux to the photospheric source function at specific optical depths. Here we discuss the assumptions behind the original derivation of Barbier (1943).We also point to the fact that Milne had already formulated these two relations in 1921.
Preparation of Ti/IrO2 Anode with Low Iridium Content by Thermal Decomposition Process: Electrochemical removal of organic pollutants in water
Authors: Yaqub Asim , Isa Mohamed Hasnain , Ajab Huma , Kutty S.R.M , Ezechi Ezerie H. , Farooq Robina
Published: April 2018

In this study IrO2 (Iridium oxide) was coated onto a titanium plate anode from a dilute (50 mg/10 ml) IrCl3×H2O salt solution. Coating was done at high temperature (550∘C) using thermal decomposition. Surface morphology and characteristics of coated surface of Ti/IrO2 anode were examined by FESEM and XRD. The coated anode was applied for electrochemical removal of organic pollutants from synthetic water samples in 100 mL compartment of batch electrochemical cell. About 50% COD removal was obtained at anode prepared with low Ir content solution while 72% COD removal was obtained with anode prepared at high Ir content. Maximum COD removal was obtained at 10 mA/cm2 current density.
Analysis of secret sharing schemes based on Nielsen transformations
Authors: Kotov Matvei , Panteleev Dmitry , Ushakov Alexander
Published: April 2018

We investigate security properties of two secret-sharing protocols
proposed by Fine, Moldenhauer, and Rosenberger
in Sections 4 and 5 of [B. Fine, A. Moldenhauer and G. Rosenberger,
Cryptographic protocols based on Nielsen transformations,
J. Comput. Comm. 4 2016, 63–107]
(Protocols I and II resp.).
For both protocols, we consider a one missing share challenge.
We show that Protocol I can be reduced to a system of polynomial equations
and (for most randomly generated instances)
solved by the computer algebra system Singular.
Protocol II is approached using the technique of Stallings’ graphs.
We show that knowledge of

{m-1}

shares reduces the space of possible values
of a secret to a set of polynomial size.
A note on N. Bary’s one conjecture
Authors: Tetunashvili Shakro
Published: April 2018

A trigonometric sine series with special properties is constructed.
One of the properties of this series shows that Bary’s conjecture on subsequences
of partial sums of a sine series is not valid.
Oxidation of 1-N
2-etheno-2′-deoxyguanosine by singlet molecular oxygen results in 2′-deoxyguanosine: a pathway to remove exocyclic DNA damage?
Authors: Martinez Glaucia Regina , Brum Hulyana , Sassaki Guilherme Lanzi , de Souza Lauro Mera , Loureiro Ana Paula de Melo , de Medeiros Marisa Helena Gennari , Di Mascio Paolo
Published: April 2018

Exocyclic DNA adducts are considered as potential tools for the study of oxidative stress-related diseases, but an important aspect is their chemical reactivity towards oxidant species. We report here the oxidation of 1-N
2-etheno-2′-deoxyguanosine (1,N
2-εdGuo) by singlet molecular oxygen (1O2) generated by a non-ionic water-soluble endoperoxide [N,N′-di(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)-1,4-naphthalenedipropanamide endoperoxide (DHPNO2)] and its corresponding oxygen isotopically labeled [18O]-[N,N′-di(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)-1,4- naphthalenedipropanamide endoperoxide (DHPN18O2)], and by photosensitization with two different photosensitizers [methylene blue (MB) and Rose Bengal (RB)]. Products detection and characterization were achieved using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled to ultraviolet and electrospray ionization (ESI) tandem mass spectrometry, and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analyses. We found that dGuo is regenerated via reaction of 1O2 with the ε-linkage, and we propose a dioxetane as an intermediate, which cleaves and loses the aldehyde groups as formate residues, or alternatively, it generates a 1,2-ethanediol adduct. We also report herein the quenching rate constants of 1O2 by 1,N
2-εdGuo and other etheno modified nucleosides. The rate constant (kt
) values obtained for etheno nucleosides are comparable to the kt
of dGuo. From these results, we suggest a possible role of 1O2 in the cleanup of etheno adducts by regenerating the normal base.
Number of Sylow subgroups in finite groups
Authors: Guo Wenbin , Vdovin Evgeny P.
Published: April 2018

Denote by

ν
p

⁢

(
G
)

{\nu_{p}(G)}

the number of Sylow p-subgroups of G. It is not
difficult to see that

ν
p

⁢

(
H
)

⩽

ν
p

⁢

(
G
)

{\nu_{p}(H)\leqslant\nu_{p}(G)}

for

H
⩽
G

{H\leqslant G}

, however

ν
p

⁢

(
H
)

{\nu_{p}(H)}

does not divide

ν
p

⁢

(
G
)

{\nu_{p}(G)}

in general. In this paper we reduce
the question whether

ν
p

⁢

(
H
)

{\nu_{p}(H)}

divides

ν
p

⁢

(
G
)

{\nu_{p}(G)}

for every

H
⩽
G

{H\leqslant G}

to
almost simple groups. This result substantially generalizes the previous
result by G. Navarro and also provides an alternative proof of Navarro’s
theorem.
A case study on displacement analysis of Vasa warship
Authors: Eshagh Mehdi , Johansson Filippa , Karlsson Lenita , Horemuz Milan
Published: April 2018

Monitoring deformation of man-made structures is very important to prevent them from a risk of collapse and save lives. Such a process is also used for monitoring change in historical objects, which are deforming continuously with time. An example of this is the Vasa warship, which was under water for about 300 years. The ship was raised from the bottom of the sea and is kept in the Vasa museum in Stockholm. A geodetic network with points on the museum building and the ship’s body has been established and measured for 12 years for monitoring the ship’s deformation. The coordinate time series of each point on the ship and their uncertainties have been estimated epoch-wisely. In this paper, our goal is to statistically analyse the ship’s hull movements. By fitting a quadratic polynomial to the coordinate time series of each point of the hull, its acceleration and velocity are estimated. In addition, their significance is tested by comparing them with their respective estimated errors after the fitting. Our numerical investigations show that the backside of the ship, having highest elevation and slope, has moved vertically faster than the other places by a velocity and an acceleration of about 2 mm/year and 0.1 mm/year2, respectively and this part of the ship is the weakest with a higher risk of collapse. The central parts of the ship are more stable as the ship hull is almost vertical and closer to the floor. Generally, the hull is moving towards its port and downwards
Biologically inspired computational modeling of motion based on middle temporal area
Authors: Faria Fernanda da C. e C. , Batista Jorge , Araújo Helder
Published: April 2018

This paper describes a bio-inspired algorithm for motion computation based on V1 (Primary Visual Cortex) andMT (Middle Temporal Area) cells. The behavior of neurons in V1 and MT areas contain significant information to understand the perception of motion. From a computational perspective, the neurons are treated as two dimensional filters to represent the receptive fields of simple cells that compose the complex cells. A modified elaborated Reichardt detector, adding an output exponent before the last stage followed by a re-entry stage of modulating feedback from MT, (reciprocal connections of V1 and MT) in a hierarchical framework, is proposed. The endstopped units, where the receptive fields of cells are surrounded by suppressive regions, are modeled as a divisive operation. MT cells play an important role for integrating and interpreting inputs from earlier-level (V1).We fit a normalization and a pooling to find the most active neurons for motion detection. All steps employed are physiologically inspired processing schemes and need some degree of simplification and abstraction. The results suggest that our proposed algorithm can achieve better performance than recent state-of-the-art bio-inspired approaches for real world images.
Borges, Pierre Menard, rhizomaticity, and the simulation of palimpsestic writing
Authors: De Toro Fernando
Published: April 2018

Pierre Menard, Author of Don Quixote shares with Tlön, Uqbar, Orbis Tertius several central aspects in the construction of the text, fundamentally the doubling of writing: that of Borges and Pierre Menard, where both simulate to tell story that it never gets told; and the creation of a world that is generated from pure discursivity.

The text is divided in two sections, as indicated by Borges himself: one is the visible work of Pierre Menard, and the other is inconclusive work (1962 [1956]: 48–55). The first part is a catalogue of Menard’s library and the second letters by Menard addressed to Borges. In what follows we will analyze the gesture of inscribing writing.
Trace inequalities for positive operators via recent refinements and reverses of Young’s inequality
Authors: Dragomir S. S.
Published: April 2018

In this paper we obtain some trace inequalities for positive operators via recent refinements and reverses of Young’s inequality due to Kittaneh-Manasrah, Liao-Wu-Zhao, Zuo-Shi-Fujii, Tominaga and Furuichi.
Research on Integrated Control Method of Tiltrotor with Variable Rotor Speed Based on Two-Speed Gearbox
Authors: Wang Yong , Zheng Qiangang , Zhang Haibo , Xu Zhigui
Published: April 2018

The process of rotor speed variation under tiltrotor cruise state has been studied, and the integrated variable speed control method of tiltrotor based on two-speed gearbox is proposed. Firstly, a nonlinear model predictive controller (NMPC) based on state variable model of the component-level model of the turboshaft engine is designed. Then based on the integrated engine model, the two-speed dual path tiltrotor driveline comprehensive simulation model was developed by utilizing gear kinematics theory, blade element analysis and the theory of classical mechanics. Finally, both a Parallel Shift Control (PSC) strategy and a Sequential Shift Control (SSC) strategy in tiltrotor cruise state were analyzed and compared with conventional PID controller. It is shown that the rotors’ speed can synchronously vary by 50 percent under the PSC strategy in tiltrotor cruise state. Meanwhile, disengaging the engine in turn by freewheel clutches can reduce the rotors’ speed from 190 rpm to 102.5 rpm along the specified path under the SSC strategy. The overshoot and droop amount of the power turbine speed can be reduced to less than 1.5 % with the steady error no more than 0.2 % through NMPC, which realizes the fast response control of the turboshaft engine.
Shear-Property-Based Design Approach of Asphalt Mixture in Long and Steep Sections—Taking Togo No. 1 Highway as a Case
Authors: Wu Bangwei , Li Xiuxin , Liu Liping , Sun Lijun
Published: April 2018

The asphalt pavement in long and steep slope sections is more prone to serious rutting distress than that in common slope sections. Therefore, it should be designed with more consideration of anti-rutting property. Since anti-rutting property of hot-mixed asphalt mixture (HMA) is closely related to its shear property, the objective of this study was, relying on the No. 1 Highway reconstructive project in Togo, to propose a design approach to asphalt mixture in long and steep slope sections based on shear property. In this article, a rutting prediction model developed by Tongji University was used to quantify the critical shear strength of asphalt mixture. First, this model was calibrated using field survey data of the existing road, making the model suitable for the Togo No. 1 Highway reconstructive project. Then, the critical shear strength of asphalt mixture was given according to the allowable rutting depth and the calibrated model. Last, four asphalt mixtures with different gradations of AC13-1, AC13-2, Sup13-1, and Sup13-2 were designed using local raw materials, the shear property of which was determined with the uniaxial penetration test (UPT) and the Wheel Track Test. Finally, Sup13-2 was chosen as the optimum gradation for the No.1 Highway reconstructive project with respect to shear property, and its other engineering properties were determined. The concluded design procedure of shear-property-based design approach was given at the end of this article.
Improvement of Energy Efficiency Using a Multi-Input Fuzzy Logic Controller in a Stone Cutting Machine
Authors: Cinar Said Mahmut , Cimen Hasan , Buyuksagis I. Sedat
Published: April 2018

Block cutter machines (BCMs) are commonly used in the manufacturing of natural stones. Although the energy consumption of the BCM is affected by the rotation speed of the blade, depth of cut, and traverse speed, these parameters are generally fixed. Unfortunately, stones are not homogeneous materials, and this has a negative impact on the energy consumption of the BCM because of the fixed parameters. The main goal of our study was the development of a multi input single output (MISO) fuzzy logic controller (FLC) design to improve the energy efficiency of the BCM. In this study, two MISO FLCs (two- and three-input) were designed to adjust the traverse speed and these controllers were applied in the laboratory-scale model of the BCM. The designed FLCs are tested with cutting experiments on three different stones. The experiments showed that, with the continuous adjustment of the traverse speed during the cutting process, the FLCs increase energy efficiency. The three-input FLC provided more energy saving than with the two-input FLC. Also, multiple regression analysis was performed in order to determine the combined effects of the most dominant rock properties on specific energy for three different control methods.
Musical Borrowing or Curious Coincidence?
Authors: Burkholder J. Peter
Published: April 2018

Studies of allusion, modeling, paraphrase, quotation, and other forms of musical borrowing hinge on the claim that the composer of one piece of music has used material or ideas from another. What evidence can be presented to support or refute this claim? How can we know that the material is borrowed from this particular piece and not from another source? How can we be sure that a similarity results from borrowing and is not a coincidence or the result of drawing on a shared fund of musical ideas?

These questions can be addressed using a typology of evidence organized into three principal categories: analytical evidence gleaned from examining the pieces themselves, including extent of similarity, exactness of match, number of shared elements, and distinctiveness; biographical and historical evidence, including the composer’s knowledge of the alleged source, acknowledgment of the borrowing, sketches, compositional process, and typical practice; and evidence regarding the purpose of the borrowing, including structural or thematic functions, use as a model, extramusical associations, and humor. Ideally, an argument for borrowing should address all three categories.

Exploring instances of borrowing or alleged borrowing by composers from Johannes Martini and Gombert through Mozart, Brahms, Debussy, Ives, Stravinsky, and Berg illustrates these types of evidence. The typology makes it possible to evaluate claims and test evidence for borrowing by considering alternative explanations, including the relative probability of coincidence. A particularly illuminating case is the famous resemblance between the opening themes of Mozart’s Bastien und Bastienne and Beethoven’s Eroica Symphony, discussed by hundreds of writers for more than 150 years. Bringing together all the types of evidence writers have offered for and against borrowing shows why the debate has proven so enduring and how it can be resolved.
Balanchine’s “Bach Ballet” and the Dances of Rodgers and Hart’s On Your Toes
Authors: Steichen James
Published: April 2018

This article uncovers an unrealized “Bach Ballet” by choreographer George Balanchine previously unexamined by scholars of music or dance. Inspired by tap dancer Paul Draper and conceived of by Balanchine’s patron Lincoln Kirstein, this work is probably an early inspiration for the choreographer’s now iconic ballet Concerto Barocco (1941, set to J. S. Bach’s D-minor concerto for two violins, BWV 1043). This “Bach Ballet” provides an occasion to reevaluate the aesthetic and institutional stakes of Balanchine’s better-known endeavor from the same period: his well-regarded dances for Richard Rodgers and Lorenz Hart's musical comedy On Your Toes, in which the worlds of classical music and ballet collide with popular music and dance. New insights into the dramaturgical function and reception of the dances in On Your Toes offer a way to revisit the show’s status as an early exemplar of “integrated” musical comedy and to understand the musical’s engagement with the phenomenon of Russian ballet in New Deal America. This essay analyzes the musical’s three dances—the Princess Zenobia ballet, the “On Your Toes” number, and the concluding Slaughter on Tenth Avenue—as an allegory of Balanchine’s Americanization as a choreographer. This complex of projects provides a fresh perspective on how Balanchine’s personal contact with a range of dancers (white and African-American, tap and ballet performers) affected his development as a choreographer and in the process helped realize, if inadvertently, the erstwhile goal of Balanchine and Kirstein’s ballet enterprise: to reinvent the art form in a native idiom.
Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels throughout pregnancy: a longitudinal study in healthy and preeclamptic pregnant women
Authors: Agudelo-Zapata Yessica , Maldonado-Acosta Luis Miguel , Sandoval-Alzate Héctor Fabio , Poveda Natalia Elvira , Garcés María Fernanda , Cortés-Vásquez Jonathan Alexander , Linares-Vaca Andrés Felipe , Mancera-Rodríguez Carlos Alejandro , Perea-Ariza Shahar Alexandra , Ramírez-Iriarte Karen Yuliana , Castro-Saldarriaga Camilo Andrés , Arteaga-Diaz Juan Manuel , Franco-Vega Roberto , Ángel-Müller Edith , Parada-Baños Arturo José , Caminos Jorge E
Published: April 2018

Background

Worldwide there is a high prevalence of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) deficiency and has been associated with adverse outcomes during pregnancy.

Objective

This is a nested, case–control study in a longitudinal cohort to compare the serum 25OHD levels and other biomarkers throughout pregnancy in a group of 20 preeclamptic women and 61 healthy pregnant women. An additional group of 29 healthy non-pregnant women were also studied during the two phases of the menstrual cycle.

Results

Mean 25OHD levels in non-pregnant women were 31.9 ng/mL and 34.9 ng/mL during follicular and luteal phase, respectively (P < 0.01). Mean serum 25OHD levels in healthy pregnant women were 26.5, 30.1 and 31.9 ng/mL, at first, second and third trimester, respectively (P < 0.001). The first trimester levels of 25OHD were lower than those of healthy non-pregnant women (P < 0.001), showing a significant recovery at third trimester. In the group of healthy pregnant women, the 25OHD levels were 25.7 ng/mL and 27.2 ng/mL at 3 and 6 months postpartum, respectively; both values were lower than those observed in the non-pregnant women (P < 0.001). In preeclamptic women, 25OHD serum levels were similar to those of healthy pregnant women; nevertheless, they remained almost unchanged throughout pregnancy.

Conclusion

There were no significant differences between healthy and preeclamptic pregnant women in terms of 25OHD levels throughout the pregnancy. Serum 25OHD levels in non-pregnant women were higher during luteal phase compared with follicular phase. The 25OHD levels of non-pregnant women tended to be higher than those of pregnant women.
Impact of transitional care on endocrine and anthropometric parameters in Prader–Willi syndrome
Authors: Paepegaey A C , Coupaye M , Jaziri A , Ménesguen F , Dubern B , Polak M , Oppert J M , Tauber M , Pinto G , Poitou C
Published: April 2018

Context

The transition of patients with Prader–Willi syndrome (PWS) to adult life for medical care is challenging because of multiple comorbidities, including hormone deficiencies, obesity and cognitive and behavioral disabilities.

Objective

To assess endocrine management, and metabolic and anthropometric parameters of PWS adults who received (n = 31) or not (n = 64) transitional care, defined as specialized pediatric care followed by a structured care pathway to a multidisciplinary adult team.

Patients and study design

Hormonal and metabolic parameters were retrospectively recorded in 95 adults with PWS (mean ± s.d.age 24.7 ± 8.2 years, BMI: 39.8 ± 12.1 kg/m²) referred to our Reference Center and compared according to transition.

Results

Among the entire cohort, 35.8% received growth hormone (GH) during childhood and 16.8% had a GH stimulation test after completion of growth. In adulthood, 14.7% were treated with GH, 56.8% received sex-hormone therapy, whereas 91.1% were hypogonadic and 37.9% had undergone valid screening of the corticotropic axis. The main reason for suboptimal endocrine management was marked behavioral disorders. Patients receiving transitional care were more likely to have had a GH stimulation test and hormonal substitutions in childhood. They also had a lower BMI, percentage of fat mass, improved metabolic parameters and fewer antidepressant treatments. Transitional care remained significantly associated with these parameters in multivariate analysis when adjusted on GH treatment.

Conclusion

A coordinated care pathway with specialized pediatric care and transition to a multidisciplinary adult team accustomed to managing complex disability including psychiatric troubles are associated with a better health status in adults with PWS.
A case of Kallmann syndrome associated with a non-functional pituitary microadenoma
Authors: Ach Taieb , Marmouch Hela , Elguiche Dorra , Achour Asma , Marzouk Hajer , Sayadi Hanene , Khochtali Ines , Golli Mondher
Published: April 2018

Kallmann syndrome (KS) is a form of hypogonadotropic hypogonadism in combination with a defect in sense of smell, due to abnormal migration of gonadotropin-releasing hormone-producing neurons. We report a case of a 17-year-old Tunisian male who presented with eunuchoid body proportions, absence of facial, axillary and pubic hair, micropenis and surgically corrected cryptorchidism. Associated findings included anosmia. Karyotype was 46XY and hormonal measurement hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. MRI of the brain showed bilateral agenesis of the olfactory bulbs and 3.5 mm pituitary microadenoma. Hormonal assays showed no evidence of pituitary hypersecretion.

Learning points:

The main clinical characteristics of KS include hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and anosmia or hyposmia.

MRI, as a non-irradiating technique, should be the first radiological step for investigating the pituitary gland as well as abnormalities of the ethmoid, olfactory bulbs and tracts in KS.

KS may include anterior pituitary hypoplasia or an empty sella syndrome. The originality of our case is that a microadenoma also may be encountered in KS. Hormonal assessment indicated the microadenoma was non-functioning. This emphasizes the importance of visualizing the pituitary region in KS patients to assess for hypoplastic pituitary malformations or adenomas.