bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Discovery Learning untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa Pada Materi Keliling Dan Luas Lingkaran
Authors: Zacharias Sarah
Published: September 2023

Salah satu masalah yang terjadi dalam pembelajaran matematika di SDN Bijaesahan, kecamatan Takari Kabupaten Kupang adalah hasil belajar siswa yang cenderung rendah. Untuk menjawab masalah tersebut maka dilakukan penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK) yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa SDN Bijaesahan kelas VI pada materi keliling dan luas lingkaran dengan menerapkan model pembelajaran Discovery Learning. Jumlah subjek penelitian sebanyak 11 orang yang terdiri dari 4 siswa laki-laki dan 7 siswa perempuan. Peneltian ini dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan model pembelajaran discovery learning dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa kelas VI pada materi keliling dan luas lingkaran di SDN Bijaesahan. Hal ini ditunjukkan oleh hasil penelitian yang sudah memenuhi kriteria keberhasilan penelitian yaitu (1) sikap dan eksplorasi siswa berada pada kategori amat baik (rasa ingin tahu, tanggung jawab dan kerja sama) dan baik (kemandirian); (2) kemampuan guru dalam mengelola pembelajaran berada pada kategori amat baik; dan (3) persentasi siswa yang memperoleh nilai minimal sesuai dengan KKM adalah 90,90%.
RESPON PETANI TERHADAP PENGEMBANGAN TANAMAN SORGUM DI DESA PLEDO KECAMATAN WITIHAMA KABUPATEN FLORES TIMUR
Authors: Syamsuddin Syarifah , Levis Leta Rafael , Bernadina Lika
Published: September 2023

This study aims to determine: Farmer group members' responses to the development of sorghum. This study uses the survey method. Determination of the research location is done purposively.  The population in this study were all members of the farmer group totaling 30 people. To determine the purpose of the data analyzed by descriptive statistical test. The results showed that: The response of farmer group members to sorghum farming is classified as "good" with an average score of 3,69 and the achievement of a maximum score 74%. This means that the development of sorghum in Pledo Village is a new and innovative farming option for land conditions in the research village.
ANALISIS KELAYAKAN FINANSIAL SAYURAN ORGANIK DI EKOPASTORAL KELURAHAN PAGAL KECAMATAN CIBAL KABUPATEN MANGGARAI
Authors: Mpaing Emerensiana , Pudjiastuti Sodang S. P. , Nikolaus Serman
Published: September 2023

The research was conducted on organic vegetable business in Pagal Ekopastoral, Cibal Sub-district.  The research aims to determine the income and financial feasibility of organic vegetables with break event point and revenue cost ratio. Data collection with interviews using questionnaires. Data tabulated and analyzed with the method of break event point (BEP) and revenue Cost Ratio (R/C). These two types of analysis are divided into two forms, namely by vegetable type and overall.

Based on calculations using bep method of production and price, types of vegetables caisim, pakcoy, chicory, cauliflower and broccoli worth trying or developed next where BEP production of 153.5 kg means the point of return of organic vegetables is occurring at the time of production of 153.5 kg, while BEP organic vegetable prices achieved at a minimum price of Rp. 3,070 / kg, meaning the point of return of organic vegetables at a minimum price of Rp.3,070 /kg.

The calculation of R/C Ratio of all types of vegetables obtained a value of 3.25. Meaning that each cost expenditure of Rp. 1, then farmers will get a receipt of Rp.3.25. Based on this value shows that the revenue is greater than the cost of production so it can be said that the organic vegetable business in Ekopastoral is in a profitable position and worth running.
ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PRODUKSI BAWANG MERAH DI DESA FAFOE KECAMATAN MALAKA BARAT KABUPATEN MALAKA
Authors: Lekik Yovita Luruk , Olviana Tomycho , Un Paulus
Published: September 2023

The aims of this study was to find out; 1) the characteristics of farmers in Fafoe Village, West Malaka Subdistrict, Malaka Regency. 2) To determine the factors those affect the production of shallots in West Malacca District, Malaka Regency. This research used quantitative methods. The results of this study indicate that; 1) Characteristics of shallot farmers in Fafoe Village, West Malaka Subdistrict, Malaka Regency, which seen from two aspects, namely aspects based on age and education. There were 27 farmers aged 15-55 years (71.5%) who are still productive and 11 farmers aged 15-55 years (28.94%), thus from 11 farmers it can be said that they were not productive again. Meanwhile, 32 farmers were elementary education with a percentage of 84.21%, 4 farmers were junior high school education with a percentage of 10.52%, followed by 2 respondents were high school education with a percentage of 5.26%. 2) The factors which affecting the production of shallots in Fafoe Village, West Malaka Subdistrict, Malaka Regency, based on the results of the study showed that the land area, number and seeds had a significant effect on the amount of shallot production. Meanwhile, labor, fertilizers and pesticides did not significantly influence to the amount of shallot production. The impact of production factors on the amount of shallot production was 98.8%.
PROSPEK PENGEMBANGAN INDUSTRI KECIL TAHU “BAROKAH” DI KELURAHAN OEKEFAN KECAMATAN KOTA SOE KABUPATEN TIMOR TENGAH SELATAN
Authors: Selan Deni Junita , Pellokila Marthen R. , Bernadina Lika
Published: September 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine the performance of the business, how efficient is the business, and how the prospects for the development of the “Barokah” Tofu Small Industry in Oekefan Village, Soe City District, South Central Timor Regency in the future. The types of data used in this study are primary and secondary data.           The results showed that performance analysis was used to determine the type of production produced, marketing  and profits in the small industry of "Barokah" tofu. The profit obtained from the small industry of “Barokah” tofu in 2020 is Rp. 951,183,000. The profit is obtained from the total products sold as many as 16,848 tofu boards multiplied by the selling price per tofu board, which is Rp. 110,000 minus the total cost of Rp. 902,097,000. The efficiency value of the "Barokah" tofu small industry in this study is 2.05. Based on the criteria used, this business is efficient because the value of efficiency is more than 1. The results of the calculation of the economies of scale for tofu processing in the small industry of “Barokah” tofu show that the average cost (AC) decreases with increasing business scale. This shows the existence of economies of scale, where a business activity can be said to be an activity with economies of scale.
EFISIENSI PEMASARAN EMPING JAGUNG PULUT DALAM RANGKA PENGEMBANGAN USAHA DI KELURAHAN OESAPA KECAMATAN KELAPA LIMA KOTA KUPANG
Authors: Tipas Bonifasius F. P. E. , Bano Maria , Pudjiastuti Sondang S. P.
Published: September 2023

This study aims to determine the number of marketing channels for the corn chips agroindustry business, the marketing margin of the corn chips agro-industry business, and the marketing efficiency of the corn chips agro-industry business in Sakura SMEs, Kupang City. Data collection was obtained by means of direct interviews and questionnaires with respondents and observations made by researchers were activities in the corn chips marketing channel. The data analysis used in this research is descriptive analysis. The results of this study indicate that the marketing channel of corn chips uses two marketing channels, namely marketing channel I, producers selling products directly to consumers, and marketing channel II, producers selling products to retailers, then retailers selling products to consumers. The marketing margin for channel level I is Rp.0, - while in channel level II, the marketing margin generated by retailers is Rp.5,000. The marketing efficiency in channel I is 2.5 percent and in channel II the marketing efficiency is 2.30 percent.
Ciudadanía, participación y movimientos sociales
Authors: Flores Ramón , Luján Gamarra Jésica Romina , Luján Gamarra Marina Soledad , Delgado Pablo
Published: September 2023

Estos términos [Ciudadanía, Participación y Movimientos Sociales] no sólo constituyen el nombre de la materia sino también indican temáticas de un campo conceptual amplio y complejo, tópicos cuyas genealogías nacen al amparo de sociedades muy diferentes entre sí; el primero de ellos se remonta al ágora griega y los restantes se originan en el encuentro de las múltiples genealogías que dieron forma a las sociedades actuales: ilustración, capitalismo, estados nacionales, etc. Participación, Ciudadanía y Movimientos sociales conforman un tejido de nociones imprescindible para pensar tanto las prácticas políticas ciudadanas, comunitarias y partidarias contemporáneas, como la comunicación pública y política que de ellas surge.
Comparative Assessment of Actual Nutrition of Preschoolers Given Uniform
Approaches to Its Organization
Authors: Tapeshkina Natalia V. , Matveeva Oksana V. , Erdeeva Svetlana V. , Kungurova Sofya O.
Published: September 2023

Background: A healthy balanced diet is the basis for maintaining health at any age. Identification of causes of violations in organization of nutrition of preschoolers remains relevant, since the breach of fundamental principles of healthy eating aggravates negative trends in children’s health.
Objective: To compare actual feeding of children attending two preschools using a single menu.
Materials and methods: In spring–summer 2022, we carried out a comparative analysis of the diet of 99 children aged 3 to 6 years attending two kindergartens using methods of estimation and portion weighing. In total, we examined 20,700 portions and took 41,580 weight measurements. Food intake was then estimated both per child and per preschool. To establish the quality of meals served, we conducted a questionnaire-based survey of parents; the questionnaire was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of the Novokuznetsk State Institute of Advanced Medical Training – Branch of the Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education (protocol No. 1 of January 14, 2020).
Results: Weighing of the food set showed that actual consumption of food products differed from that specified in the menu. The diet was imbalanced. Natural food standards were met in both preschools only for cereals and legumes (95–100 %), juices and fruits (100 %). Deficit of bread ranged from 8 to 28 % of the recommended consumption rate, and that of potatoes and vegetables was 14 %. Significant differences between the weights of food products actually consumed and listed on the menu were found for vegetables, potatoes, by-products, fish, cheese, and cottage cheese.
The total caloric value of the rations was 6–12 % lower while the protein content was 8 to 18 %, fat content – 7 to 16 %, and that of carbohydrates – 5 to 11 % lower than declared.
Conclusions: Weighing provides more accurate data on children’s nutrient intake in preschools. Nutrition information given in the menus is overestimated by 6 to 15 % on the average. The parent survey showed that children did not eat some of the dishes from the preschool menu at home, so it was more difficult to adapt them to the proposed diet.
Uji Kinerja Sistem Denoising Sinyal Jantung atau EKG dengan Menggunakan Algoritma Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD)
Authors: Primadevi Ferawidya , Mardiana Yahya
Published: September 2023

Electrocardiograms (EKGs) are signals created by the electrical activity of the heart muscle and displayed on the EKG device's monitor. Using the EKG recording, the primary characteristics for diagnosing the status of the human heart can be determined. The death rate of heart patients can be reduced through early identification of cardiac problems. In ECG readings, it is frequently affected by several disruptions caused by muscle contractions and electrode movement. Numerous investigations on ECG signal denoising techniques have been undertaken earlier. This article examines the testing of the performance of EKGs using the denoising technique based on the Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) algorithm. In this work, many metrics were utilized to evaluate the ECG signal denoising technique: mean square error (MSE), mean absolute error (MAE), and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). In this investigation, the ECG data was contaminated with noise from muscle artifacts (MA), additive Gaussian white noise (AWGN), electrode movement (EM), and baseline wander (BW). The noise-contaminated ECG signal is subsequently subjected to the denoising process. Calculate the MSE, MAE, and SNR values of the signal after it has been denoised. This study includes a scenario for testing three thresholding techniques with four distinct types of noise. The performance of the hard thresholding method is superior for all types of noise. MSE is produced by AWGN, which is 0.15, 0.28, and 9.9 dB. MA noise generates MSE, MAE, and SNR values of 0.4, 0.033, and 41.0 dB, respectively. The EM noise has an MSE of 0.010, an MAE of 0.04, and an SNR of 30.8 dB. The MSE produced by BW noise is 0.008; the MAE and SNR values were 0.0356 and 28.5, respectively.
Implementasi Algoritma Convolutional Neural Network Pada Kendaraan Tanpa Awak Skala Kecil
Authors: Asy'ari Muhammad Zacky , Gouw Anthony Williams , Limanjaya Desliong Arjuna
Published: September 2023

Autonomous Vehicle is a vehicle capable of navigating the car independently without requiring input from the driver. This research aims to design and manufacture a prototype of an unmanned vehicle that can maneuver across a simple artificial road. This study also aims to analyze the performance of the NVIDIA Jetson Nano in processing deep learning models and driving actuators according to the predictions given by the model. The research stages include designing a prototype, creating an artificial path, taking image data, conducting training, and then implementing the training model on the car prototype. After testing the prototype, the training model made the correct steering angle prediction using epoch 50 with RMSE train and validation, 0.1792 and 0.1896, respectively. NVIDIA Jetson Nano also performs well in computing steering angle predictions with live input from the camera.
Identifikasi Risiko Keselamatan Pekerja Dengan Metode FMEA di Departemen Produksi PT. XYZ
Authors: Saifudin Muhammad Rifqi , Sukanta Sukanta
Published: September 2023

This research was carried out because it is known that there are six potential work accidents that can occur production departments of PT. XYZ. PT XYZ, so it is necessary to identify employee safety risks to obtain the right solution to prevent the occurrence of work accidents, and the method chosen is failure mode and effect analysis. FMEA is a table-shaped identification tool that is useful for identifying errors, evaluating the effects of errors, and prioritizing errors. Data collection is carried out through observations, interviews, and discussions with employees in production departments of PT. XYZ. Accidents that are the main priority to resolve first are milling machine operators injured due to exposure to grams of iron that can result in delayed operator work because the accident has the largest RPN value of 210, with details of severity 6, occurrence 7, and detection 5. The conclusion of this study is that PT. XYZ, which does not provide self-protection equipment for workers in the production department, is the most prevalent cause of work accidents, so more attention should be paid to the procurement of protective equipment and requiring workers to wear it.
Analisis Pengaruh Desain Tangki Mobil untuk Kapasitas 5000 Liter Gas Terhadap Tekanan Permukaan
Authors: Wibowo Faris Setio , Agusman Delvis , Ariyansah Riyan
Published: September 2023

The tank car is a closed storage area or tank designed to contain the liquid as a gas or liquid at a different pressure than the ambient pressure. Chemical reactions with the fluid inside a car's tank or physical phenomena the fluid encounters can cause instantaneous changes in the condition of the tank, resulting in occasional cracking or leaking. This research aims to determine how the design shape of a 5000-liter tank affects surface pressure. The method utilized is the finite element method based on computer-aided engineering (CAE) with the software Ansys Workbench Student Version. The results demonstrated that the maximal stress value and total deformation of the Model 2 tank were significantly different from those of the Model 1 and Model 3 tanks. The tank variation of the model is known to have the lowest stress value of 1.1309 MPa and the lowest deformation value of 0.0042421 mm. Therefore, the Model 2 tank variants are more recommended than the Models 1 and 3 for vehicles with a 5000-liter capacity.
Analysis of the Use of Bio Flap on NACA 4415 with Numerical Methods
Authors: Julian James , Siswanto Saphira Anggraita , Wahyuni Fitri , Bunga Nely Toding
Published: September 2023

This study was conducted using the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) method using the Reynolds Averaged Navier Stokes (RANS) approach. The type of airfoil used in this study is the asymmetry NACA 4415 airfoil type. In this paper, computational tests were carried out on the airfoil with the addition of bionic flaps on its trailing edge. This study's update tests three variations of the Reynolds number: Re = 106, Re = 5 × 105, and Re = 3 × 105. The airfoil test was carried out at AoA 0°–25°. The addition of bionic flaps causes a decrease in lift performance at low AoA, but at high AoA, it can increase lift performance on airfoils. In addition, adding a bionic flap on the airfoil can delay the occurrence of a stall. At AoA 10°–13°, the Cd of the three variations of the Reynolds number experiences an increase in performance. Then, from this computational test, the resulting Coefficient moment (Cm) is a pitch down because the torque is below zero.
Analisis Keandalan Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Mini Hidro Orya-Genyem Berdasarkan Load of Loss Probability
Authors: Sihombing Anne , Joni Joni , Ansanay Yane , Karapa Enos , Innah Herbert , Setiadji Prihananto , Numberi Johni Jonatan , Uniplaita Tiper K. M.
Published: September 2023

Electricity is crucial for supporting development, the economy, and human well-being, thus leading to an increasing demand for electrical energy. Therefore, power plants are planned and constructed to be as economically viable as possible. In line with the principles of affordability, security of supply, and acceptability, to ensure long-term capacity demand and reliability. The reliability of the power plant is measured using the Load of Loss Probability (LOLP) index, which assesses the probability of components functioning satisfactorily to meet demand. The objective of this research is to analyze the reliability of PLTM Orya-Genyem based on the Load of Loss Probability (LOLP) index. The research methodology is qualitative, commencing with the collection of secondary data, followed by LOLP calculations to obtain reliability information. LOLP index for PLTM Orya-GGenyem is 0,4204%, equivalent to 1,5346 days per year, exceeding the PLN standard of 1 day per year. This indicates a lack of reliability in the power plant. Research findings reveal that daily power demand increases by 0,054 MW for every 1% increase in time. Assessment indicates that peak load surge factor is not the cause of the high LOLP value in PLTM Orya-Genyem. Instead, outages are the cause. The assessment shows that there were 72 disturbances of maintenance outages for PLOG-TA-01 and 145 disturbances of system adjustment outages for PLOG-TA-02. Other outages that happen include low water elevation, water storage duration, floods (accumulated debris), transmission work, blackouts, network disturbances, forced outages, planned outages, sedimentation dredging, water drainage, water filling, performance testing, and maintenance during plant operation.
Affilato e appuntito sono sinonimi?
Authors: Manfredini Manuela
Published: September 2023

Sono arrivate in redazione diverse domande sull’aggettivo affilato: qual è il suo contrario? Affilato può essere sinonimo di appuntito? I denti canini dei felini sono affilati o appuntiti? L’aggettivo può riferirsi alle mani o alle dita in luogo di affusolato? Una sensibilità può dirsi affilata?
A székesfehérvári Árpád-kori vár védműveinek építéstörténeti vázlata
Authors: Szücsi Frigyes , Morgós András , Horváth Emil , Szőllősy Csilla
Published: September 2023

A középkori Fehérvár (Alba Civitas) védműveinek kutatása évszázados múltra tekint vissza. A városfalépítés időpontjának kérdése Siklósi Gyula kutatásaival jutott az elmúlt három évtizedben nyugvópontra. Ő amellett érvelt, hogy a tatárjárást követően, a 13. század második felében erődítették meg a várost kőfallal. Az elmúlt néhány évben azonban gyökeresen megváltoztak ismereteink a védművek építéstörténetéről, részben a természettudományok bevonásának, részben pedig szerencsés újabb régészeti feltárásoknak köszönhetően. Időrendi szempontból a legfontosabb eredmény, hogy dendrokronológiai és radiokarbon mérések, valamint régészeti rétegtani megfigyelések egymástól függetlenül igazolták, hogy a kő várfal és a várfalon belül húzódó fa-földsánc egyes szakaszai a 11. század közepéig már bizonyosan megépültek.
Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici biomass variations under disease control regimes using Trichoderma and compost
Authors: SALEH Amgad , WIDYAWAN Arya , SHARAFADDIN Anwar , ALMASRAHI Ali , HAMAD Younis
Published: September 2023

A comprehensive understanding of population dynamics of pathogens and bioagents in plant rhizospheres is important for improving organic farming. Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (FOL30) causes Fusarium wilt of tomato. In this study, we compared biomass variations of FOL30 under different disease control regimes, using Trichoderma asperellum TA23 strain, compost, or their combination. Biomass variations of FOL30 and TA23 were observed for 13 weeks using quantitative real-time PCR. Separate applications of TA23, compost, and their combination all reduced FOL biomass when compared to experimental controls. Regression analyses of the qPCR data showed that FOL populations fitted curvilinear polynomial order 3 regression models (R2 = 0.87 to 0.95). Areas under the population dynamic curves (AUPDCs; log10 ng DNA week-1 g-1 soil) were: 43.8 from FOL30 alone, 36.6 from FOL30 plus TA23, 25.4 from FOL30 plus compost, and 25.5 from FOL30 plus TA23 plus compost. These results indicate that the individual applications of TA23 or compost, or their combination, decreased the FOL biomass. The negative correlation between TA23 and FOL30 populations showed that the compost and biocontrol agent reduced FOL pathogen populations. This study demonstrates that compost fortified with T. asperellum TA23 decreased FOL populations and reduced disease, and that their use is a promising strategy for managing Fusarium wilt of tomato in organic farming.
Diversity of Botryosphaeriaceae species associated with canker and dieback of avocado (Persea americana) in Italy
Authors: FIORENZA Alberto , GUSELLA Giorgio , VECCHIO Laura , AIELLO Dalia , POLIZZI Giancarlo
Published: September 2023

Increased branch canker and dieback were observed in commercial avocado (Persea americana) orchards in Sicily, Italy. Surveys were conducted in 2021 and 2022 on 11 orchards to investigate etiology of the disease. Seventy-five plants from four orchards, showing branch canker and dieback, were sampled. Isolations from woody diseased tissues revealed the presence of fungi (Botryosphaeriaceae).  Identification of the isolates was achieved by morphological and multi-loci phylogenetic analyses (Maximum Parsimony and Maximum Likelihood) of the ITS, tef1-α, and tub2 loci. Botryosphaeria dothidea, Lasiodiplodia citricola, Macrophomina phaseolina, Neofusicoccum cryptoaustrale, and Neofusicoccum luteum were identified. Representative isolates collected from the orchards, characterized based on the tub2 locus and identified as N. parvum, were excluded from this study, since this species has already been reported in our territory. Pathogenicity tests were conducted on potted, asymptomatic, 2-year-old avocado trees using mycelial plugs. These tests showed that all the Botryosphaeriaceae species characterized in this study were pathogenic to avocado. This is the first report of L. citricola, M. phaseolina and N. cryptoaustrale causing canker and dieback on avocado trees, and is the first record of these fungi causing branch disease on avocado in Italy.
Colletotrichum infections during flower development and fruit ripening in four olive cultivars
Authors: MOREIRA Victoria , CARBONE María Julia , MONDINO Pedro , ALANIZ Sandra
Published: September 2023

Olive anthracnose, caused by Colletotrichum, is an important disease in olive-growing regions, with the most destructive symptoms being fruit rot and blossom blight. Susceptibility of fruit to Colletotrichum increases with maturity, but differences between cultivars and Colletotrichum species have been reported, still information on flower susceptibility during development is scarce. The susceptibility of the olive cultivars Arbequina, Coratina, Frantoio and Picual was evaluated during flower development and fruit maturity to Colletotrichum acutatum s.s., C. nymphaeae, C. fioriniae, C. theobromicola and C. alienum. Susceptibility to anthracnose begins in early stages during flower development and increases during blossoming. Flowers of Arbequina, Coratina and Picual were susceptible, whereas those of Frantoio were moderately susceptible. Green fruit developed less anthracnose than mature fruit. At the green fruit stage, Arbequina and Frantoio were the most susceptible, Coratina was intermediate, and Picual was moderately susceptible, while no differences were found among the cultivars at mature fruit stages. No mayor differences were found among the Colletotrichum species with exception of C. theobromicola, which caused greatest severity at the green fruit stage. Future research should focus on developing anthracnose management strategies to minimize the disease progress from early stages of flower development and fruit ripening, especially in the most susceptible olive cultivars.
First report of tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus in Lagenaria siceraria var. longissima in Italy
Authors: TROIANO Elisa , PARRELLA Giuseppe
Published: September 2023

During 2022, a new disease of bottle gourd, causing leaf mosaic and yellowing symptoms, was observed in a private garden in the Campania region, Southern Italy. Incidence of disease was high (up to 80% of plants with symptoms). Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with coat protein specific primers to tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus (ToLCNDV) indicated association of a begomovirus with the disease. The sequence comparison and phylogenetic analysis of the complete DNA genome further revealed the virus as within ToLCNDV-ES strain. Nevertheless, phylogenetic relationships showed two distinctive subgroups among ToLCNDV-ES isolates, with subgroup I composed only of ToLCNDV-ES isolates identified in the Campania region, including the isolate found in bottle gourd. The possible evolutionary forces that determined evolution of the two subgroups within the ToLCNDV-ES strain, including the role of the vector and cultural practices, are briefly analyzed and discussed.
Activity of biocontrol agents against the grapevine pathogen Fomitiporia mediterranea
Authors: RIEDLE-BAUER Monika , BANDION Dragana , MADERCIC Monika , GORFER Markus
Published: September 2023

Biological control agents (BCAs) have shown efficacy against several pathogens associated with Esca of grapevines, but their effects on the white rot pathogen Fomitiporia mediterranea (Fmed) have not been extensively studied. An assessment of several potential BCAs evaluated activity against Fmed. This included isolates of Trichoderma simmonsii, T. citrinoviride, T. atroviride, Bacillus subtilis, B. amyloliquefaciens/velezensis and Pseudomonas koreensis, all obtained from grapevines in Austria. Effects of the BCAs on Fmed growth were assessed in dual culture assays and in assays with fresh and autoclaved grapevine wood disks. In the dual culture assays, all the BCAs reduced growth of Fmed compared to experimental controls. In the Trichoderma experiments, Fmed growth only marginally exceeded the size of the initial mycelium plugs, and growth inhibition for all Fmed isolates and strains was 91 to 97%. Growth of Fmed was inhibited by 55 to 66% by B. amyloliquefaciens/velezensis isolates, by 41 to 49% by B. subtilis isolates, and by 55 to 66% by P. koreensis. In the wood disc assays, Fmed colonized fresh and autoclaved wood. All the Trichoderma isolates almost completely suppressed Fmed growth on fresh and autoclaved wood. Less but statistically significant inhibition was recorded for an isolate of B. amyloliquefaciens/velezensis and one of P. koreensis.
Phenotyping grapevine cultivars for resistance to Eutypa dieback
Authors: TRAVADON Renaud , BAUMGARTNER Kendra
Published: September 2023

Eutypa dieback of grapevine is a trunk disease that affects vineyard productivity. Wood symptoms of this disease develop consistently in greenhouse-grown plants, after inoculation of woody stems with the causal fungus Eutypa lata. Wood symptoms are a common measure of host cultivar resistance and E. lata isolate virulence. Leaf symptoms of the disease also develop in the greenhouse, although reports of low correlations between severity of wood and leaf symptoms (for some cultivars and isolates) indicate that a definitive procedure is required for evaluating cultivar resistance. Three ‘phenotyping assays’, replicated with two E. lata isolates (BX1-10 and M14), were assessed for quantifying resistance of a set of Vitis vinifera cultivars (‘Black Corinth’, ‘Carignane’, ‘Husseine’, ‘Merlot’, ‘Muscat Hamburg’, ‘Palomino’, ‘Peloursin’, ‘Primitivo’, and ‘Thompson Seedless’). The methods were: Assay 1 (leaf and woody-stem symptoms measured 1 year post-inoculation on plants propagated from rooted, dormant cuttings); Assay 2 (green stem symptoms measured 4 months post-inoculation on plants propagated from rooted, green cuttings); and Assay 3 (leaf symptoms measured 6 weeks post-inoculation on plants propagated from rooted, dormant cuttings). High rates of mortality among some cultivars (‘Merlot’) in Assay 3 confounded results based on leaf symptoms. Results from Assays 1 and 2 were more consistent with each other, especially for the most resistant cultivars [‘Merlot’ and ‘Primitivo’ (aka ‘Zinfandel’)]’, than they were for these cultivars in Assay 3. Compared to resistant cultivars, there was more variation in the most susceptible cultivar, including ‘Black Corinth’, ‘Carignane’, ‘Husseine’, and ‘Thompson Seedless’, regardless of the assay. Assay 1 with isolate BX1-10 was the most repeatable and provided data on wood and leaf symptoms for cultivar comparisons. Assay 2 was the most rapid, and gave results similar to those from Assay 1. Assay 2 also accommodated germplasm that can only be propagated from green cuttings.
Comunicación de bien público: un estudio comparado entre México y Cuba.
Authors: Hernández Alfonso Eduardo Alejandro , Paz Enrique Luis Ernesto
Published: September 2023

El estudio de la comunicación de bien público constituye un imperativo para aumentar la conciencia crítica de las audiencias sobre determinadas problemáticas. En cambio, constituye una categoría con limitada fundamentación teórica, conceptual y metodológica. En la producción de los medios de comunicación latinoamericanos se fragmentan las problemáticas y las necesidades que originan la acción, así como se homogeniza el resultado desde una campaña de sensibilización o en la cobertura de noticias de interés público. En la práctica actual se elude el binomio realidad / posibilidad, y como consecuencia son minimizados el trabajo y la transformación social. Se plantearon como objetivos de la investigación: 1) Caracterizar los elementos esenciales que expresan la comunicación de bien público en Cuba y México y 2) Comparar las expresiones de la comunicación de bien público en Cuba y México a partir de sus semejanzas y diferencias. El presente estudio clasifica como descriptivo comparado. Para la obtención de los resultados en la investigación se emplearán métodos en los niveles teórico y empírico. En este último se destaca el método análisis documental y el análisis comparado. Se identifican en ambos contextos semejanzas desde el control de la agenda temática que se aborda en los medios de comunicación. En el caso cubano como resultado de los mecanismos de control totalitario del estado y el unipartidismo y en el caso mexicano en la reproducción del capital y las fuerzas políticas en el poder.
Educación Superior Peruana: Investigaciones durante y después de la pandemia COVID-19
Authors: Carbonell García Carmen Elena , Mendoza Aguilar Cecilia Celeste , Pérez De La Cruz Nelly María , Millones Alba Erica Lucy
Published: September 2023

El objetivo de la investigación fue identificar los principales temas trabajados por los investigadores con respecto a la educación superior peruana durante y después de  la pandemia COVID-19.Considerando los postulados de Kitchenham (2004), Okoli y Schabram (2010),Liberati et al., (2009) y Page et al., (2021) el trabajo se aborda mediante una revisión sistemática de los artículos científicos publicados desde el año 2021 hasta el 2023 en las  bases de datos Redalyc, Dialnet yScielo,en el ámbito de la educación superiorperuana. Para ello, se siguió un protocolo de ochos pasos y formularon dos interrogantes que delimitaron el alcance de la investigación. Los descriptores usados fueron: Educación Universitaria y Perú. Adicionalmente se establecieron cinco criterios de inclusión y exclusión a fin de depurar la información descartando los artículos que no contenían información suficientemente relacionada con el objetivo de la investigación. Los resultados mostraron la prevalencia de estudios dirigidos al tema de la virtualidad 33.33% del total. Mientras que un 20% aborda los modelos de aprendizaje. Con un 13,33% se ubican los relativos competencias y perfiles profesionales de los egresados. Mientras que en el porcentaje restante 33,33% se encuentran temas diversos: ética, acceso de las minorías a la educación superior, estrés académico, desesperanza aprendida y becas.Las temáticas abordadas, por demás diversas pero concatenadas, constituyen retos tanto para la gestión universitaria peruana como para los organismos del Estado encargados de dictar lineamientos en torno a la educación superior en el país, en un escenario pos pandémico por demás complejo, con más interrogantes que certezas. Pero también señalan los tópicos de relevancia e interés para la comunidad universitaria.
El evaluador, evaluado
Authors: Alvarez Galvez Iñigo
Published: September 2023

Es sabido que los trabajos de investigación se dan a conocer, con mucha frecuencia, mediante su publicación en revistas especializadas. Como también se sabe, muchas de ellas han adoptado el sistema de evaluación por pares (en sus distintas modalidades), que se ha convertido de este modo en parte integrante del desarrollo de las disciplinas académicas. Se considera que tal evaluación permite garantizar la calidad de lo que se publica (eliminando los trabajos malos o erróneos) y promover el prestigio de la revista de que se trate. Siendo esto cierto y necesario, no lo es menos que el mismo sistema deja abierta la puerta a prácticas espurias, deshonestas, imprudentes o insensatas. En tales circunstancias, es oportuno preguntarse por el modo más eficaz de atajar dichos desatinos. El objetivo del artículo es, por tanto, contribuir a mejorar el sistema de evaluación por pares. La metodología ha consistido en hacer una revisión de varios informes de evaluadores (con el fin de detectar prácticas no aceptables) y de la bibliografía sobre el sistema de evaluación por pares. Partiendo de esas fuentes, se ha abordado un análisis crítico del sistema y se ha presentado una posible solución. La propuesta de estas páginas consiste en someter a evaluación a los propios evaluadores, de forma que sea posible detectar los casos más notorios y tomar las medidas necesarias para marginarlos. Existen distintas propuestas para hacer la citada evaluación. Lo que aquí se propone es que los autores contesten a una encuesta sobre el trabajo realizado por el evaluador. La encuesta sería anónima y el evaluador podría ser identificado con un código, protegiéndose así su identidad.
Desigualdad de género en el mercado laboral fronterizo Chile-Perú entre mujeres venezolanas inmigrantes
Authors: Ricapa Toledo Moises Bresners O’brian
Published: September 2023

El objetivo de este estudio fue explorar las percepciones de mujeres migrantes venezolanas, en relación a la desigualdad de género en el mercado laboral fronterizo Chile-Perú, 2022. Investigación cuantitativa, descriptiva y analítica. El estudio se realizó en las ciudades de Arica-Chile y Tacna-Perú durante los meses de octubre- diciembre del año 2022. El criterio de inclusión correspondió a mujeres inmigrantes venezolanas, mayores de 18 años, quienes hayan trabajado en el país receptor en los últimos 3 años. El tamaño de la muestra fue de 212 participantes, el método de muestreo fue por conveniencia y de bola de nieve. En el estudio fueron utilizados varios métodos de análisis estadístico: 1.- Análisis estadístico descriptivo análisis de fiabilidad y Análisis factorial Exploratorio. Los instrumentos utilizados corresponden a: Percepción de desigualdad de género modificada de la escala de Memon y Jena (2017) e ILO (2008), y, la Escala de Bienestar Psicológico, en su versión corta (EBS-8). Los resultados indicaron en base a la escala de “Percepción de desigualdad de género”, que el grupo cree estar en desventaja (“Dimensión Desventaja de Endogrupo”), perciben privilegios en el grupo externo (Dimensión “Privilegio de Grupo Externo”), tienen experiencias pasadas de desigualdad (Dimensión “Experiencia Pasada de Desigualdad de Género”) y enfrentan prejuicios en el contexto (“Dimensión Prejuicios en Contexto”), aunado a ello, la escala de “Bienestar Psicológico Subjetivo” expresó que el grupo tiene una percepción moderada a alta de su bienestar.
Technological entrepreneurship in LA: weaknesses, actors and case study of the Artificial Intelligence Center - IA. Center, Chihuahua state
Authors: Jiménez Terrazas Carmen Patricia , Castillo Luna Eduardo , Rincón Zuluaga Joam Manuel , Mireles Jr. García José
Published: September 2023

The objective of this study is to analyze the weaknesses and actors of technological entrepreneurship in Latin America, as well as to describe a case study where its actors work to reduce these weaknesses. The methodology with a qualitative approach based on the theory of resources and capabilities is divided into two stages: the first is a documentary analysis of three international entrepreneurship reports: Global Entrepreneurship Monitor, Dynamic Entrepreneurship Index and Global Startup Ecosystem Index, identifying weaknesses and actors through content analysis; in the second, a case study organization is described at the meso level, focused on technological entrepreneurship and artificial intelligence called: Artificial Intelligence Center - IA.Center State of Chihuahua. The results present the weaknesses of the countries evaluated with the highest entrepreneurship in LA: human capital and entrepreneurial education, CTI platform, business structure, government policy, access to financing and R&D transfers; as well as the role played by its stakeholders in education, government, finance, and innovation and technology. Finally, it described the mission, business model and actions carried out by the case study to reduce the weaknesses of regional technological entrepreneurship.
Social entrepreneurship: conceptual fragmentation and multidirectional paths to generate value. A systematic literature review
Authors: Álvarez-Castañón Lorena del Carmen , Cavazos-Arroyo Judith , Vargas-Sáenz Mario Enrique
Published: September 2023

Entrepreneurship has had a predominant techno-economic perspective; however, its social approach has grown significantly as a response to the specific issues of particular sectors of society, generally, the ones neglected by the State. This paper aimed to analyze the conceptualization of social entrepreneurship, its characteristics and the categories linked to its contextualization when the State is surpassed and there are actors that promote communities to undertake collective action. Through the systematic review of classic and current literature, relevant aspects of social entrepreneurship and the main related concepts were identified, and four cases of Latin Americans were analyzed to understand its contribution as welfare mechanism. The findings showed the main types and categories that directly or indirectly incise their study. Based on its core, income generation, profit distribution, and capability for collective action, the conceptualization fragmented was identified into three strata –non-profit, for-profit outside the market, and for-profit in the dynamics market-. It was concluded that social entrepreneurship is a mechanism to generate public, social, and local value and respond to the weak institutional capability in their territories.
Reducing Concrete Cure Times for Bridge Substructure Components and Box Culverts
Authors:   University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Qadri Faisal , Garg Nishant ,   University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
Published: September 2023

This report investigated pathways to reduce concrete curing time while maintaining mechanical and durability performance. Among several options such as admixtures, supplementary cementitious materials, and low water-to-cement ratio, researchers explored two mix designs in a field demonstration project. For Stage I of the project, a low water-to-cement ratio concrete mixture was used. For Stage II, the use of calcium-silicate-hydrate (C-S-H) based seeds was explored. Concrete laboratory mixtures containing C-S-H seeds X1 and X2 exhibited increased early-age strength and reduced permeability. Based on these findings and the Illinois Department of Transportation acceptance of X2 as a Type S admixture, a field demonstration project was conducted on a box culvert near Armstrong, Illinois. The X2 concrete mix design was compared to a low water-to-cement ratio concrete mix design. Results showed that the X2 mixture with C-S-H seeds consistently demonstrated higher strength than the low water-to-cement concrete mixture, suggesting that seed-based admixtures can provide additional benefits for reducing curing times. The recommended dosage of X2 is 5 fl oz/cwt for optimal performance in reducing cure time.
Avaliação dos Indicadores de Mortalidade do município de São Mateus-ES, nos anos de 1980 e 2016
Authors: Herrera Cassius , Lima Júnior Fernando Almeida , Pereira Fernando Brockestayer Cortez , Mendes Filipe Toribio , Brito Gabriel Barroso Silva , Araujo Heitor Buback , Sant'Anna Pedro Enrico Cyprestes , Silveira Rodrigo Corrêa , Diniz Lara Zambon , Campores Marcelly Tomaz , Bernardo Isabella Gonçalves
Published: September 2023

Este artigo tem por objetivo relatar e avaliar a situação de saúde do município de São Mateus, através do estudo da evolução de indicadores de mortalidade de 1980 e de 2016. Assim, compreendendo as influências desses indicadores na qualidade de vida da população, considerando as modificações pelas quais o município passou nas últimas décadas nas áreas econômicas, culturais, sociais e estruturais. Este artigo é um estudo descritivo comparativo sobre o município de São Mateus, no estado do Espírito Santo, entre a situação de saúde dos anos de 1980 e 2016. Foram utilizados dados coletados no SINASC, DATASUS, SIM e IBGE. Foi encontrado uma melhora no perfil epidemiológico da população, com redução do coeficiente de mortalidade geral de 4,45 para 4,06, O coeficiente de mortalidade infantil também teve melhora com o passar do tempo, com redução de 4,53%. É nítido a melhora da qualidade do serviço de saúde ao se observar a transição da curva de Nelson de Moraes de U em 1980 para J em 2016. Houve um aumento das causas de mortalidade por doenças crônicas e uma diminuição de causas infecto parasitárias e causas desconhecidas, traduzindo uma transição epidemiológica da saúde que antes eram mortes preveníveis e agora por evolução de doenças crônico-degenerativas.
Precedents, Instruments and Targets that the Fed Has Used to Create and Support a Postcrisis Global Safety Net
Authors: Kane Edward J.
Published: September 2023

Much has been made of the Global Safety Net that has been put into place since the Great Financial Crisis but the distributional effects of some of the Fed’s strategies are still shrouded in mystery. In supplying bailout funds at below-market terms to uninsured creditors of firms and governments that were economically insolvent, the Fed reinforced the implicit expectation that megabanks are free to take on high levels of risk and benefit from the upside while being protected from any serious downside. An important example of this is the role of currency swaps. By extending its “temporary” dollar swap lines with other central banks, including the European Central Bank, “until further notice” the Fed broadcasted its intention to act as the financial world’s “liquidity provider” of last resort. The “liquidity” support provided by the Fed to megabanks through cross-border lending in fact acted as subsidies, the costs of which were borne by ordinary US citizens. This is just one piece of an unacknowledged game plan of building global strategies of crisis prevention and crisis management based on misdirection and piles of bullsh*t.
A Numerical study on the effect of solidity on the performance of Transverse Axis Crossflow Tidal Turbines
Authors: Gallagher Rónán , Frost Carwyn , Schmitt Pál , Young Charles
Published: September 2023

This paper presents a three-dimensional numerical study employing an actuator line model to investigate the effect of turbine solidity on the performance of a Transverse Axis Crossflow Turbine (TACTs). Transverse Axis Crossflow Turbines have a low rectangular form and are ideally suited to relatively shallow tidal and riverine sites due to their ability to handle bi-directional flow intake. Lift based TACTs are not well understood due to their complex hydrodynamics when the downstream sweep passes through the wake produced by the turbine shaft and the upstream sweep. The blade loading, hydrodynamics and ultimately power produced during the downstream sweep depends on the number of blades and turbine solidity. This numerical study is carried out using OpenFOAM and replicates planned fieldwork where the power and in-service blade loading will be monitored as a function of turbine solidity. Turbine solidity is a dimensionless parameter that measures the proportion of blade area to the projected turbine frontal area. Turbines achieve peak performance at an optimum solidity and tip speed ratio. Solidity can be varied by changing the number of blades or changing the turbine radius.  An increase in solidity causes the peak performance to reduce and shift to a lower tip speed ratio albeit with a greater torque.

This paper also explores the effect that maintaining turbine solidity has on turbine performance over a range of typical inflow velocities. Turbine solidity is held constant by varying both the number of blades and turbine diameter. Iso-solidity has been investigated for horizontal axis wind turbines but little is known about the effect of maintaining turbine solidity on TACT performance.