bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IPR-aineistojen mahdollisuuksia, replikointitarpeita ja teknisiä haasteita
Authors: Heikkilä Jussi
Published: December 2021

Tässä artikkelissa tehdään katsaus aineettomien oikeuksien eli IPR- (intellectual property rights) aineistoihin erityisesti suomalaisesta ja eurooppalaisesta näkökulmasta. Keskityn patentti-, hyödyllisyysmalli-, tavaramerkki- ja mallioikeusaineistoihin eli teollisoikeuksiin jättäen tekijänoikeudet tarkastelun ulkopuolelle. Digitalisaation myötä rekisteriaineistojen laatu ja saatavuus ovat jatkuvasti lisääntyneet ja IPR-järjestelmien toiminnan tutkimus sekä hypoteesien empiirinen testaus ovat tulleet mahdolliseksi ennennäkemättömällä tavalla. Eräitä mielenkiintoisia aiheita, joiden tutkimuksen yhä laadukkaammat IPR-aineistot mahdollistavat ovat 1) kokonaisvaltaisempi IPR-analyysi, joka patenttien ohella hyödyntää tavaramerkki-, mallioikeus- ja hyödyllisyysmalliaineistoja, 2) Euroopan integraation ja Kiinan roolin kasvun vaikutusten analyysi IPR-kontekstissa ja 3) digitalisaation ja tekoälyn vaikutusten arviointi sekä uudet sovelluskohteet IPR-alalla. Lisäksi aiempien tutkimusten toistaminen eli replikointi nykyisillä aiempaa kattavammilla ja laadukkaammilla rekisteriaineistoilla olisi tärkeää, koska digitalisaatio ja globalisaatio ovat 2000-luvulla muuttaneet IPR-toimintaympäristöä nopealla tahdilla.
The Coastal Zone of Islands: Comparative Reflections from the North and South
Authors: Farran Sue
Published: December 2021

Islanders tend to develop rules and methods for regulating the use of the marine environment and its accessible resources. Where islands have been subject to the influence or domination of external political forces, and such resources have become the subject of increased demand, then differences of approach, of understanding and of patterns of use can come into conflict. This is especially so where there is increased emphasis on coastal development, pressures to privatize and register coastal land and to regulate the commercial exploitation of marine resources. This article considers the Shetland & Orkney Islands from the north and Fiji, Vanuatu and the Solomon Islands from the south, drawing out similarities and differences of legal approaches to key issues relevant to the foreshore and the coastal zone.
Biodiversity and Natural Resource Management in Insular Southeast Asia
Authors: A. Persoon Gerard , van Weerd Merlijn
Published: December 2021

Indonesia and the Philippines are amongst the world’s mega-biodiversity countries. Their insular nature has certainly contributed to this level of diversity. However, at the same time, there is rapid environmental degradation in terms of forest loss, loss of plant and animal species and overexploitation of wildlife. Insular Southeast Asia, with a population of over 300 million, is more densely populated than any other insular area. Yet, remarkably, this region plays a low-key role in comparative island studies. Both Indonesia and the Philippines have recently moved from centralized forms of government to regional and even local autonomy. This article presents an overview of the present state of biological and cultural diversity of the two archipelagic states. Recent changes in styles of natural resource management are discussed, with a focus on forest resources in the area.
Islanders’ Perspectives on Sustainable Living
Authors: Cambers Gillian
Published: December 2021

An internet forum, supported by the Small Islands Voice initiative, has since 2002 provided a place where islanders from around the world could discuss issues and problems and also learn from the experiences of others. This paper provides a reflective overview of the discussions over the past four years and attempts to identify some specific characteristics that identify islanders in their approaches to everyday living. An analysis of the forum respondents shows that approximately two thirds are male; one half come from the Pacific islands; and more than a half are employed in island-based occupations. Discussions have covered infrastructural development; resource management; environmental, social and economic issues. The overview indicates islanders are very willing to speak out and take ownership of their issues and problems and their discussions show a significant level of understanding about the need to balance limited resources and economic development. Proposals for action are practical and feasible and there is a strong vein of common sense running through the responses. Most significantly, islanders show a deep love for their island homes, an attitude of caring about the future development of their islands, and a willingness to try to solve their problems themselves.
MICROBIAL COMPOSITION OF PURULENT LESIONS IN PATIENTS WITH COMPLICATED DIABETIC FOOT SYNDROME
Authors: S. D. Shapoval  , I. L. Savon  , O. V. Trybushnyy  , L. A. Vasylevsʹka  , L. Yu. Slobodchenko  , A. O. Yefimenko
Published: December 2021

Bacterial infection is a major pathogenetic aspects in the formation of diabetic foot complications. Joining infection is the cause of performing amputations of the lower limbs in 25-72 % of cases, especially when diabetic foot is complicated by sepsis. The aim of our study was to identify differences in the microbial background of purulent foci in patients with diabetic foot syndrome complicated by sepsis and for the further development of the algorithm of directed antibiotic therapy. Material and methods. A total of 3653 patients in the dynamics of a complicated diabetic foot syndrome were examined. There were two groups: the first - patients who were treated during 2010-2014 (a comparison group), the second – during 2015-2019 (main group), which according to the gender ratio (χ2=0.09; P=0.7698) and age (P=0.17141) did not differ. The complex bacteriological studies consisted of determining the sensitivity of microorganisms to antibiotics, the qualitative composition of microbial pathogens and the number of microbial cells per 1 g of tissues. To determine the sensitivity of purulent microorganisms to antibiotics a quick method of determination on automated systems «Vitek-2» and «BacT/ ALERT» (France) was applied. Results and discussion. All patients with complicated diabetic foot syndrome were operated under general anesthesia. As a rule, operations on the anterior foot and «high» amputations were performed. 190 people died, death rate was 5.2 %. The analyzed data indicate that in patients with diabetic foot syndrome complicated by the number of microbial cells in tissue 1g to the site of infection did not exceed 105 – 106, while in patients with sepsis, this number was more than 50% was 107 – 1012. Isolation of aerobic monoinfection of purulent foci in patients with complicated diabetic foot syndrome in the period from 2010 to 2019 decreased from 51,4 to 44,4% (P <0,05) determined by an increase in the allocation of gram-positive microorganisms from 55,2 to 60,2% (P<0,05). The dynamics of microbiological research indicates an increase in the proportion of MRSA- staphylococci from 23,4 to 43,3 %. Determined microbial pathogens are characterized by a high level of antibiotic resistance, particularly to antibiotic-I-II generation. Conclusions. These experiments enable to distinguish particularly microbial background of purulent foci of the two groups of patients and determine antibiotic algorithms.
Income inequality in China 1952-2017: persistence and main determinants
Authors: Skare Marinko , Gil-Alana Luis A. , Claudio-Quiroga Gloria , Pržiklas Družeta Romina
Published: December 2021

Research background: China's economic growth, however remarkable, is due to the Harrod-Domar nature of economic growth and, therefore, limited. The main limitation lies in the extension of the neoclassical growth model and the government need to decrease regional disparities using new migration, urbanization and social policy.

Purpose of the article: It is the rising regional disparity in the total factor productivity to cause the income inequality increase (measured by GINI index) in China from 1952?2017. Our paper brings new insight into the main inequality determinants and causes in China, using a fractional integration modeling framework.

Methods: Using fractional integration, we find total factor productivity (TFP), real gross domestic product per capita and growth and expenditures for the social safety net and employment effort to have a statistically significant impact on GINI. Income inequality in China is of a persistent nature with the effects of the shocks affecting the GINI index enduring over time.

Findings & value added: The results of this study highlight the importance for model/policy changes by the policy makers and practitioners in China to deal with the inequality issue. This involves improving the growth model through innovation and technological advancement, relaxing TFP dependence on the physical inputs (labor and capital) to reduce income inequality.
(Post)colonial Chronopolitics and Mapping the Depth of Local Time(s) in Global Literary Studies: an Itinerary to Guinea-Bissau
Authors:   Jagiellonian University of Krakow, Lukaszyk Ewa
Published: December 2021

This article is an attempt at deconstructing the chronopolitics inherent to the (post)colonial way of thinking about the world. As it is argued, what should replace it is a vision of multiple, overlying temporalities and forms of time awareness, reaching deeper than a literary history reduced to the cycle of colonisation – decolonisation – postcolonial becoming, originating from just a single maritime event: the European exploration and conquest of the world. The essay brings forth a choice of interwoven examples illustrating the variability of local time depths, associated with a plurality of origins, narrations, forms of awareness and cultivation of cultural belonging. It shows the lack of coincidence between the dominant and non-dominant perceptions of the past in such places as the archipelagos of São Tomé and Príncipe, Maldives, the Gambia, Cape Verde and Guinea-Bissau. Their ways of living the global time, as well as embodying significant texts (rather than simply preserving them) stretch far beyond the frameworks created by competing colonial empires, such as the Portuguese or the British one.
La construcción de muros y blindaje de fronteras de la Unión Europea ante la crisis de los refugiados*
Authors: Uceda Yela Mercedes
Published: December 2021

En los últimos tiempos se han producido numerosas llegadas a la Unión Europea en búsqueda de refugio, especialmente en el año 2015 cuando comienza una crisis humanitaria sin precedentes y las solicitudes de protección internacional en la UE superan más de un millón.

Ante la llegada masiva de solicitantes de protección a la UE, se apuesta por la creación de instrumentos normativos destinados al control y bloqueo de las fronteras. Como ejemplo de esta ineficaz protección de los derechos de los refugiados podemos mencionar la creación del Acuerdo de Turquía-UE de 2016, actualmente derogado, que debía de actuar como Estado-tapón impidiendo alcanzar territorio de la UE. A pesar de la normativa existente en materia de refugio y del reciente Nuevo Pacto sobre Migración y Asilo de 23 de septiembre de 2020, determinadas tendencias sociales y políticas olvidan de forma reiterada la obligación internacional de garantizar los derechos de los refugiados. Por ello, es necesario un análisis en profundidad sobre la aplicación de políticas restrictivas que apuestan por un blindaje de fronteras centradas en el control y seguridad y que vulneran los principios de la Convención sobre el Estatuto de los Refugiados de 1951.
EL TEDH: de instrumento facilitador del proceso integrador europeo a fiscalizador de la propia Unión Europea
Authors: Martínez Rompeltien Salvador
Published: December 2021

El TEDH ha desempeñado un papel clave en la integración europea y en la propia evolución de la Unión Europea. Ambas formas de integración, en base a los derechos y la más propia de las originarias Comunidades, se encuentran en plena convergencia.

Ahora con mayor necesidad si cabe, es preciso culminar el mandato de adhesión de la Unión Europa al Convenio Europeo de Derechos Humanos.

La previsible asunción de mayores cuotas de poder de la Unión exige que la labor del TEDH, con respecto a la misma, pase a ser de fiscalización directa y no, como hasta ahora, de forma indirecta, a través de sus Estados miembros
PRODUÇÃO DE VÍDEOS ESTUDANTIS PARA UMA EDUCAÇÃO INOVADORA EM TEMPOS DE PANDEMIA
Authors: Moreira Durães Valter , Prando Parizotto Cristiane , Antonio Lima Deikimar , Wegner Agostini Vanessa
Published: December 2021

Com a pandemia do Coronavírus, a educação encarou um paradigma crucial concernente aos métodos pedagógicos. Soma-se a isso a necessidade de estabelecer estratégias de ensino que oportunizem um aprendizado ativo. Desse modo, o objetivo desse relato de experiência foi avaliar a relevância da produção de vídeos estudantis como método inovador de aprendizagem. A intervenção pedagógica foi realizada em uma escola pública com alunos de 8º e 9º anos do ensino fundamental II, de maneira on-line. A proposta baseou-se na junção das ferramentas metodológicas de Storytelling, Stop motion e produção de vídeos estudantis. Foram realizados quatro encontros na disciplina de História, com a temática da Segunda Guerra Mundial. Os alunos demonstraram maior domínio dos objetos de aprendizagem após a produção e apresentação dos vídeos, constatados pela análise dos trabalhos desenvolvidos por eles e do questionário avaliativo.
Application of mathematical probabilistic statistical model of base – FFCA financial data processing
Authors: Li Zhengqing , Mu Jiliang , Basheri Mohammed , Hasan Hafnida
Published: December 2021

In order to improve the detection and filtering ability for financial data, a data-filtering method based on mathematical probability statistical model, a descriptive statistical analysis model of big data filtering, probability density characteristic statistical design data filtering analysis combined with fuzzy mathematical reasoning, regression analysis according to probability density of financial data distribution, and threshold test and threshold judgment are conducted to realize data filtering. The test results show that the big data filtering and the reliability and convergence of the mathematical model are optimal.
Institutional investor company social responsibility report and company performance
Authors: Li Yonghui , Zhao Shide , Bai Lipeng , Ali Basel Jamal
Published: December 2021

In the Chinese stock market, the rate of institutional holder and the company social responsibility report level are comparatively lower than those in the Western market. Historical research studies showed that there exist some connections between these two factors and company performance. This article uses the method of empirical analysis based on data during 3 years to try to find out the result.
Mathematical analysis of China's birth rate and research on the urgency of deepening the reform of art education
Authors: Hu Guo , Chen Hao , Kateb Faris
Published: December 2021

Aims

To understand the reasons for the decline in the birth rate of our country, the effects of the decline in the birth rate and the countermeasures needed to reduce the birth rate, as well as the urgency of the reform of education, especially art education.

Methods

Using a mathematical statistical analysis method, the decline of the birth rate in our country was statistically analysed, and the influence of education, especially art education, was discussed.

Results

The results show that the birth rate of China's population decreased significantly, that is, from 36% in 1949 to 23.3% in 1987 and from 12.95% in 2016 to 10.8% at present. This has a significant impact on the manpower of all walks of life. Students at all levels and all kinds of schools have brought about a greater impact. Higher education, especially art education, has a greater impact.

Conclusions

In the face of the decline in the birth rate, corresponding countermeasures must be taken to strengthen the development of maternal and child health care and medical resources. In-depth reform or correction of the current compulsory education must be assessed in order to relieve the worries of women who have given birth so that the birth rate increases within the framework of a reasonable, normal span of time and demonstrates smooth development. In order to ensure that China has sufficient human resources and enough students at all levels and all kinds of schools, the reform of art education is deepened, thus facilitating training of the talents of world-class masters.
A Scoping Review on Intergenerational Learning in Urban China
Authors: Yuan Yanyue , Wu Linhui
Published: December 2021

Introduction:
The ageing world gives rise to changing family structures, as well as the way different generations interact with each other. While research on intergenerational relationships and intergenerational learning have started as early as in the 1960s and 1970s in North America and Europe, little is known about scholarly discussions in this field in China.

Purpose:
This paper presents an overview of the published journal articles in Chinese on the topic of intergenerational learning in urban China, with the goal of identifying the common themes under discussion, the theoretical frameworks adopted in these studies, and empirical research in this field.

Methods:
A scoping review was conducted to look for relevant journal papers published in Chinese between the years 2006-2020. We identified 117 journal papers that fit our criteria and a majority of them were found by using the key words gedai jiaoyu (education in skip-generation situations).

Conclusion:
The overall quality of the published research is poor in that most authors only provided personal observations and opinions. Almost all studies set their focus on grandparenting and emphasis is often placed on how grandparenting affects young children’s growth, with little attention given to its influences on grandparents. Research on intergenerational interactions beyond family settings is almost non-existent. A number of recommendations for future studies are offered at the end of the article.
The underground city: the tourism potential of water and sewage infrastructure: the example of Poland
Authors: Dębczyńska Klaudia , Piasecki Adam
Published: December 2021

Industrial tourism and technical facilities are a fast-growing branch of tourism that contains areas of great growth potential. The article deals with one of them. The tourist potential of water and sewage infrastructure in selected Polish cities was analysed and assessed. The study covered 11 cities of diverse socioeconomic potentials around the country. For each city, data were collected that had various levels of detail with regard to visitor numbers, tourist types, facilities made available, events and other special celebrations. For supplementary data, unstructured interviews were also conducted with relevant employees identified in businesses.

The analysis showed the studied form of tourism to have very high tourism potential. The work focuses on factors and features accounting for its currently low level of development. It is also emphasised that, based on current tourism trends, it should be expected to continue to grow rapidly in the coming years, and thus warrants further research.
Artificial Neural Network-Based Gain-Scheduled State Feedback Speed Controller for Synchronous Reluctance Motor
Authors: Tarczewski Tomasz , Niewiara Łukasz J. , Grzesiak Lech M.
Published: December 2021

This paper focuses on designing a gain-scheduled (G-S) state feedback controller (SFC) for synchronous reluctance motor (SynRM) speed control with non-linear inductance characteristics. The augmented model of the drive with additional state variables is introduced to assure precise control of selected state variables (i.e. angular speed and d-axis current). Optimal, non-constant coefficients of the controller are calculated using a linear-quadratic optimisation method. Non-constant coefficients are approximated using an artificial neural network (ANN) to assure superior accuracy and relatively low usage of resources during implementation. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time when ANN-based gain-scheduled state feedback controller (G-S SFC) is applied for speed control of SynRM. Based on numerous simulation tests, including a comparison with a signum-based SFC, it is shown that the proposed solution assures good dynamical behaviour of SynRM drive and robustness against q-axis inductance, the moment of inertia and viscous friction fluctuations.
Correlation Between Ultrasound BI-Rads 4 Breast Lesions and Fine Needle Cytology Categories in a Sample of Iraqi Female Patients
Authors: Abdulwahid Hiba Mohammed , Yahya Zahraa Mohammed , Nidhal Furat , AL Zahwi Farah A.J. , Ali Muna Jumaa
Published: December 2021

Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in female and the most registered cause of women’s mortality worldwide. BI-RADS 4 breast lesions are associated with an exceptionally high rate of benign breast pathology and breast cancer, so BI-RADS 4 is subdivided into 4A, 4B and 4C to standardize the risk estimation of breast lesions. The aim of the study: to evaluate the correlation between BI-RADS 4 subdivisions 4A, 4B & 4C and the categories of reporting FNA cytology results. A case series study was conducted in the Oncology Teaching Hospital in Baghdad from September 2018 to September 2019. Included patients had suspicious breast findings and given BI-RADS 4 (4A, 4B, or 4C) in the radiological report accordingly. Fine needle aspiration was performed under the ultrasound guide and the results were classified into five categories. The biopsy was performed for suspicious, malignant or equivocal FNA findings. This study included 158 women with BI-RADS 4 breast lesions with the mean age of (44.6 years); There was a highly significant association between BI-RADS 4 breast lesion and FNA results (p<0.001); 51.9% of BI-RADS IV-C had C5 FNA results. There was a highly significant association between BI-RADS 4 lesion and the final diagnosis (p<0.001); 41.2% of BI-RADS 4 B had a malignant breast lesion, while 37.3% of BI-RADS 4 C had a malignant lesion. A clear relationship was observed between BI-RADS 4 subcategories and the fine needle aspiration cytology subgroups. BI-RADS 4-B is helpful in the discrimination between benign and malignant breast lesions; furthermore BI-RADS 4C has more acceptable validity in the diagnosis of breast malignancy. Therefore, BI-RADS subcategories are encouraged to be included and mentioned in the ultrasound report for more accurate estimation of the lesion nature.
О проблематике терроризма в контексте прав человека
Authors: Лукьянцев Г. Е.
Published: December 2021

.
Complete remission after primary single dose of radioactive iodine in metastatic papillary thyroid carcinoma: a case report
Authors: Rubab Nayyar , Afzal Muhammad Shahzad , Shahbaz Muhammad , Imran Muhammad Babar
Published: December 2021

Background:

Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) accounts for 90% of the thyroid malignancies with predominance in females. Distant metastasis is usually seen in lungs and bones. The treatment of metastatic papillary cancer thyroid is total/near total thyroidectomy followed by radioactive iodine (RAI) ablation. Lung metastasis shows good response to RAI therapy.

Case Presentation:

We describe a case of 22-year-old female, referred to nuclear medicine department after surgery for RAI ablation. Patient was diagnosed case of PTC. First dose of 100 mCi of RAI under steroid cover was given. Post-therapy scan showed bilateral pulmonary metastasis. However, follow up I-131 whole body imaging after 2 years showed no evidence of functioning thyroid tissue/metastasis.

Conclusion:

PTC with lung metastasis has good prognosis and better survival in young patients treated with RAI. A single dose of RAI (I-131) may cure extensive lung metastasis.
A Resposta do Serviço de Doenças Infeciosas do Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra à Pandemia de COVID-19
Authors: Da Cunha Saraiva
Published: December 2021

Procedeu-se a uma descrição sumária de todos os procedimentos e intervenções que foram necessários para preparar a resposta do Serviço de Doenças Infeciosas do Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra à pandemia de COVID-19, na fase de contenção. A estrutura física do Serviço foi totalmente reajustada e as equipas tiveram de alterar profundamente os seus processos.

Atualmente, em fase de mitigação, a resposta do nosso Centro Hospitalar foi centralizada no Hospital Geral, que é um hospital dedicado aos doentes COVID-19.
قياس اثر الانفاق العسكري في التكوين الرأسمالي الثابت للمملكة العربية السعودية للمدة 1980- 2018
Authors: A. Qasim Souad , S. Khidir Wafaa
Published: December 2021

ترتب على تزايد حصة النفقات العسكرية الى الناتج المحلي الاجمالي للمملكة العربية السعودية خلال العقود الثلاثة الماضية اثار سلبية على العديد من المتغيرات الاقتصادية والاجتماعية، الامر الذي حمَل اقتصادها الوطني اعباء كثيرة، تمثلت في تراجع العديد من المؤشرات الاقتصادية والاجتماعية نتيجة قلة الفرص الاستثمارية الجديدة، ليظهر تأثير ذلك وبشكل مباشر في التكوين الرأسمالي الثابت، مما حمل الاقتصاد السعودي عبء تكلفة الفرصة البديلة. ووفقا لذلك يسعى البحث الى تسليط الضوء على واقع الانفاق العسكري في السعودية مركزا على الاسباب والدوافع التي تقف وراء الانفاق المتزايد بالاعتماد على فرضية مفادها ان تزايد حصة الانفاق العسكري في الموازنة يعود للوفرة المالية المتأتية من الايرادات النفطية، كما يفترض البحث وجود علاقة تكامل مشترك وعلاقة عكسية في المديين القصير والطويل بين الانفاق العسكري ومتغير التكوين الرأسمالي الثابت.

ولغرض تحقيق فرضية البحث تم الاعتماد على منهجية التكامل المشترك باستخدام أنموذج الانحدار الذاتي للإبطاء الموزع (ARDL) Autoregressive Distributed Lag cointegration technique  لقياس اثر الانفاق العسكري في التكوين الرأسمالي الثابت للمملكة العربية السعودية للمدة (1980-2018) ، وخرج البحث بمجموعة من الاستنتاجات منها اثبات وجود اثر سلبي ومعنوي بين الانفاق العسكري والتكوين الرأسمالي الثابت في المديين القصير والطويل.

كما توصل البحث الى ان سباق التسلح الذي تخوضه السعودية قد اثقل كاهل الاقتصاد خاصة في ظل ريعية الدولة واعتمادها بشكل شبه كلي على الايرادات المتأتية من النفط مما جعلها اكثر عرضة للصدمات الناتجة عن تقلبات أسعار النفط والتحولات الاقتصادية والسياسية على المستوى العالمي.
The peculiarities of translating English and Chinese children's fairy tales into the Russian language
Authors: Bobodzhanova Lola , Kuznetcova Valeriia Alekseevna
Published: December 2021

This article is dedicated to the peculiarities of translating English and Chinese children's fairy-tales into the Russian language. Analysis is conducted on such key concepts as “children's fairy-tale”, “literary tale”, and “folklore tale”. The author examines the development stages of English literary tale and Chinese folk tale as independent genres. The main translation transformations used in translating English literary tales and Chinese folk tales into the Russian are explored. Special attention is given to the translation of fairy tales as a form of cross-cultural dialogue due to the fact that such works are loaded with the ethnic-cultural components. The conducted analysis reveals the major challenges face by the translators in dealing with fairy-tale literature. The conclusion is made that the translation of fairy-tale requires taking into account not only the unique genre as such, but also the ethnic-cultural distinctness of different linguistic cultures, foreign mentality, and cultural identity. The scientific novelty consists in the attempt to establish whether it is possible to achieve success in cultural adaptation of English literary tales and Chinese folk tales into the Russian language. The acquired results indicate that the major challenge in translation and cultural adaptation lies in conveyance of cultural uniqueness, as well as ethnic, historical and national flavor of the original texts; it is essential to remember that translation of children’s fairy tale is part of the process of cross-cultural communication, and the translator must become an intermediary of the dialogue of cultures. Fairy tales bear the cultural code of a particular ethnos, being the key to comprehension of the worldview of its representatives. It conveys the socially significant information, embeds moral values, illustrates ethnic-cultural peculiarities, and preserves cultural heritage.
On determination of the part-of-speech affiliation of modal words
Authors: Shcherbakova Milena Viktorovna
Published: December 2021

The subject of this research is the part-of-speech affiliation of modal words – a special group of lexemes that are irreplaceable, syncategorematic, and lack formal unity. The author examines four most widespread approaches towards determination of the part-of-speech status of modal words, modal semantics, in particular, and the function of modal meaning; provides summary of the existing in Russian linguistics classifications of modal words, and lists their basic lexical-semantic categories. In the course of studying the genesis of modal words, the author correlates them with other parts of speech. For determination of the part-of-speech status, emphasis is placed on the degree of manifestation within this group of lexemes of semantic, morphological, syntactic and word-forming characteristics, namely the compliance of modal words with the listed criteria. The novelty consists in the analysis of the part-of-speech affiliation of modal words through the prism of the traditional semantic-syntactic approach, considering the formal-morphological aspect of modal words, which allows accumulating the avaliable knowledge on modal words, as well as compiling holistic representation on the nature of their origin and functionality. The research materials can be used in teaching morphology of the modern Russian language, as well as in preparation of lectures and textbooks on cognate disciplines. The conclusion is made that in synchrony, modal words represent an isolated group that is in-between of autosemantic and functional words. The recommendation to classify this group as a separate part of speech remains polemical; however, segregation of modal words in the grammatical system is unarguable.
Introdução à estatística bayesiana aplicada à linguística
Authors: Garcia Guilherme Duarte , Lima Jr Ronaldo Mangueira
Published: December 2021

Neste artigo, apresentamos os conceitos fundamentais de uma análise estatística bayesiana e demonstramos como rodar um modelo de regressão utilizando a linguagem R a partir de códigos comentados em detalhe e de pacotes amigáveis que otimizam a implementação de modelos completos. Ao longo do artigo, comparamos estatística bayesiana e estatística frequentista, destacamos as diferentes vantagens apresentadas por uma abordagem bayesiana, que dispensa valores de p e estima distribuições a posteriori de efeitos estatisticamente plausíveis com base nos dados modelados. Por fim, demonstramos como rodar um modelo simples e visualizar efeitos de interesse em gráficos intuitivos. Ao longo do artigo, sugerimos leituras adicionais aos interessados neste tipo de análise
Molar space closure: To do or not to do?
Authors: Ratanasereeprasert Nutthakarn , Weng Chu-Yin , Yang Stella Ya-Hui , Chen Yi-Jane , Yao Chung-Chen Jane
Published: December 2021

Missing or compromised permanent molars can complicate orthodontic treatment planning and mechanics. Molar extraction should be considered in appropriate situations, but clinicians must decide between closing and regaining the edentulous space. Several factors should be taken into consideration to achieve appropriate molar space management, such as the need for space, asymmetry, periodontal status, sinus pneumatization, and the terminal molar position. Herein, three sample cases are reported to demonstrate the treatment options for molar space closure and maintenance with these factors taken into consideration during treatment planning. The understanding of mechanics played a crucial role in anchorage preparation and side effect prevention. If the third molar substitution was managed in advance and adequate space between the ramus and third molar was obtained via second molar protraction, the tooth spontaneously erupted in a favorable position without requiring further treatment. This case series can aid clinicians in molar space management. Regardless of whether the space is to be closed or regained, the treatment plan should conform to the patient’s expectations and improve occlusion with minimal side effects and treatment duration.
SELECTION OF ROOTS OF TRIGONOMETRIC EQUATIONS BY THE SPIRAL METHOD
Authors: Островерхая Л.Д. , Жданова О.К.
Published: December 2021

В работе предложен эффективный метод спирали для отбора корней, принадлежащих заданному промежутку (длинной большей 2π) при решении тригонометрических уравнений.

In this paper, an effective spiral method is proposed for selecting the roots belonging to a given interval (longer than 2π) when solving trigonometric equations.
О ТЕОРЕМАХ ДЕКОМПОЗИЦИИ В МУЛЬТИФУНКЦИОНАЛЬНЫХ ПРОСТРАНСТВАХ БЕРГМАНА
Authors: Shamoyan R.F.
Published: December 2021

We present some extensions of well-known one functional results on atomic decompositions in classical Bergman spaces obtained earlier by various authors in some new multifunctional Bergman type spaces in various domains in higher dimension.

Мы приводим некоторые новые теоремы о декомпозиции аналитических функций из мультифункциональных пространств Бергмана, обобщающие ранее известные результаты подобного типа для обычных пространств Бергмана в различных областях.
THE BOUNDARY VALUE PROBLEM FOR THIRD ORDER EQUATION OF PARABOLIC–HYPERBOLIC TYPE
Authors: Макаова Р.Х.
Published: December 2021

В работе исследуется краевая задача для уравнения парабологиперболического типа третьего порядка. Доказана теорема существования и единственности регулярного решения. Решение исследуемой задачи найдено в явном виде

In this paper we study the boundary value problem for third order equation of parabolichyperbolic type. The existence and uniqueness theorem of a regular solution is proved. The solution to the problem under study was found explicitly
Predicting the band gap of binary compounds from machine-learning regression methods
Authors: Guo Mengbo , Xu Xuyang , Xie Han
Published: December 2021

Density functional theory (DFT) is a ubiquitous first-principles method, but the approximate nature of the exchange-correlation functional poses an inherent limitation for the accuracy of various computed properties. In this context, surrogate models based on machine learning have the potential to provide a more efficient and physically meaningful understanding of electronic properties, such as the band gap. Here, we construct a gradient boosting regression (GBR) model for prediction of the band gap of binary compounds from simple physical descriptors, using a dataset of over 4000 DFT-computed band gaps. Out of 27 features, electronegativity, periodic group, and highest occupied energy level exhibit the highest importance score, consistent with the underlying physics of the electronic structure. We obtain a model accuracy of 0.81 and root mean squared error of 0.26 eV using the top five features, achieving accuracy comparable to previously reported values but employing less number of features. Our work presents a rapid and interpretable prediction model for solid-state band gap with high fidelity to DFT and can be extended beyond binary materials considered in this study.
Obowiązek ujawniania strategii podatkowych w kontekście dyskusji o społecznej odpowiedzialności biznesu
Authors: Szymacha Adam
Published: December 2021

Przedmiot badań: W niniejszym artykule przedstawiono nową instytucję prawnopodatkową związaną z publikowaniem informacji o realizowanej strategii podatkowej na tle ogólnej dyskusji na temat wprowadzenia kwestii podatkowych do zagadnień społecznej odpowiedzialności bizne­su (CSR). Dyskusja na temat wprowadzenia kwestii transparentności podatkowej do raportowa­nia o społecznej odpowiedzialności przedsiębiorstw trwa od dłuższego czasu, jednak w 2021 r. polski ustawodawca postanowił wprowadzić do prawa podatkowego nową instytucję, która może wpisywać się w nurt społecznej odpowiedzialności biznesu. Z tego powodu warto przyjrzeć się zarówno tej nowej instytucji, jak i jej światowym analogom, a także osadzić je w tematyce spo­łecznej odpowiedzialności biznesu, zwłaszcza że sam ustawodawca na CSR się powołuje.

Cel badawczy: Celem niniejszego artykułu jest dokonanie wstępnej analizy upubliczniania infor­macji o realizowanej strategii podatkowej pod kątem kompatybilności tej instytucji z CSR oraz przedstawienie tejże instytucji na tle międzynarodowego kontekstu gospodarczego, etycznego, prawnego i społecznego.

Metoda badawcza: W artykule zastosowano komparatystyczną analizę nowych przepisów o upu­blicznianiu strategii podatkowych oraz podobnych instytucji występujących w innych państwach. Wsparta ona zostanie analizą dogmatyczno-prawną omawianych przepisów, a także ekonomiczną analizą prawa w celu stwierdzenia, na ile nowa instytucja prawnopodatkowa może przyczynić się do rozwoju i utrwalenia metod zarządzania CSR w Polsce.

Wyniki: Nowe przepisy dotyczące publikowania strategii podatkowych mają pewien potencjał w zakresie CSR, jednak częściowo jest on niwelowany przez skłonność ustawodawcy do tworze­nia przepisów głównie w interesie administracji skarbowej. Nie ulega wątpliwości, że samo wpro­wadzenie tej nowatorskiej pod względem prawnym instytucji może zmienić myślenie o kwestiach podatkowych w CSR w Polsce, jednak wydaje się, że ustawodawca dysponował już lepszym z punktu widzenia CSR wzorcem. Kwestią otwartą pozostaje zagadnienie dobrowolności publi­kowania strategii podatkowych, jednak nie wydaje się, aby była to kwestia kluczowa z punktu widzenia transparentności podatkowej w CSR
Epistulae Hadriani ad Stratonicenses Hadrianopolitas. Listy Hadriana do obywateli Stratonikeji Hadrianopolis
Authors: Tadajczyk Konrad
Published: December 2021

Przedmiot badań: Przedmiotem badań są trzy listy Hadriana kierowane do obywateli Stratoni­keji, miasta położonego w Azji Mniejszej, w szczególności pierwszy z nich dotyczący dochodów miasta.

Cel badawczy: Cesarz Hadrian popierał proces hellenizacji Azji Mniejszej, między innymi przez zakładanie nowych miast i rozbudowywanie starych. Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie przykła­du jego polityki względem miast greckich tego regionu.

Metoda badawcza: W artykule zastosowano metodę historyczno-prawną i filologiczną analizę źródeł.

Wyniki: Cesarz Hadrian wspierał rozwój Stratonikeji przez przekazanie jego obywatelom docho­dów pochodzących z okolicznych ziem, wcześniej zasilających skarb centralny. Był też zaintere­sowany rozbudową miasta i stanem jego infrastruktury. Ze swej strony mieszkańcy Stratonikeji dbali o utrzymywanie stałego kontaktu z cesarzem, śląc do niego listy
Uwarunkowania i wyzwania kreacji safe assets – szczególna rola długu publicznego
Authors: Bogołębska Joanna , Feder-Sempach Ewa , Stawasz-Grabowska Ewa
Published: December 2021

Przedmiot badań: Aktywa bezpieczne (safe assets) są definiowane na różne sposoby, w zależ­ności od ich atrybutów i funkcji. Najczęściej przyjmuje się, że są to płynne instrumenty finanso­we, głównie dłużne, które gwarantują inwestorom zachowanie wartości w trakcie niekorzystnych zjawisk gospodarczych. Podkreśla się, że dług publiczny ze względu na jego cechy charaktery­styczne, najlepiej może wypełnić tę funkcję. Jednakże, ze względu na oddziaływanie czynników popytowych i podażowych, w gospodarce światowej powstaje problem niedoboru aktywów bez­piecznych. Możliwość uzupełniania podaży jest ograniczona zdolnością głównego globalnego dostawcy aktywów bezpiecznych – USA do zwiększania skali długu publicznego.

Cel badawczy: Celem artykułu jest odpowiedź na kluczowe pytanie, jak dostarczać gospodarce globalnej wymaganą ilość aktywów bezpiecznych, zachowując stabilność zadłużenia publiczne­go emitentów oraz wymagany poziom bezpieczeństwa. 1

Metoda badawcza: Artykuł stanowi syntezę studiów teoretycznych podejmowanych w litera­turze światowej i jednocześnie próbę wprowadzenia do polskiej literatury zakresu pojęciowego związanego z aktywami bezpiecznymi. Rozważania teoretyczne opierają się na założeniu, że dług publiczny jest kluczowym czynnikiem determinującym wielkość ich emisji. W konsekwencji, w artykule wyodrębniono zestaw ekonomicznych i pozaekonomicznych czynników kreacji pu­blicznych aktywów bezpiecznych. Na podstawie analizy opisowej wskaźników makroekonomicznych (fiskalnych) podjęto ocenę zdolności emitentów walut rezerwowych, w tym głównie USA, do dostarczania safe assets.

Wyniki: Wyniki badań pozwalają wyciągnąć trzy kluczowe wnioski. Po pierwsze, w procesach kreacji safe assets, ze względu na ich specyficzne funkcje i atrybuty, dominującą rolę odgrywa sektor publiczny. Z tego powodu głównymi dostawcami safe assets są kraje emitujące waluty rezerwowe, w szczególności USA, ze względu na ich monopolistyczną pozycję w międzynaro­dowym systemie walutowym. Po drugie, potencjał tych krajów do emisji aktywów bezpiecznych jest ograniczony. Świadczą o tym zarówno rozważania teoretyczne (krzywa Laffera dla safe as­sets, dylemat Triffina), jak i rosnące poziomy zadłużenia publicznego. Po trzecie, dla utrzymania globalnej stabilności finansowej, konieczne jest uzupełnienie puli aktywów bezpiecznych. Poten­cjalnie rolę tę mogłyby odgrywać Chiny i UGiW.
Amyloid-like aggregating proteins cause lysosomal defects in neurons via gain-of-function toxicity
Authors: Riera-Tur Irene , Schäfer Tillman , Hornburg Daniel , Mishra Archana , da Silva Padilha Miguel , Fernández-Mosquera Lorena , Feigenbutz Dennis , Auer Patrick , Mann Matthias , Baumeister Wolfgang , Klein Rüdiger , Meissner Felix , Raimundo Nuno , Fernández-Busnadiego Rubén , Dudanova Irina
Published: December 2021

The autophagy-lysosomal pathway is impaired in many neurodegenerative diseases characterized by protein aggregation, but the link between aggregation and lysosomal dysfunction remains poorly understood. Here, we combine cryo-electron tomography, proteomics, and cell biology studies to investigate the effects of protein aggregates in primary neurons. We use artificial amyloid-like β-sheet proteins (β proteins) to focus on the gain-of-function aspect of aggregation. These proteins form fibrillar aggregates and cause neurotoxicity. We show that late stages of autophagy are impaired by the aggregates, resulting in lysosomal alterations reminiscent of lysosomal storage disorders. Mechanistically, β proteins interact with and sequester AP-3 μ1, a subunit of the AP-3 adaptor complex involved in protein trafficking to lysosomal organelles. This leads to destabilization of the AP-3 complex, missorting of AP-3 cargo, and lysosomal defects. Restoring AP-3μ1 expression ameliorates neurotoxicity caused by β proteins. Altogether, our results highlight the link between protein aggregation, lysosomal impairments, and neurotoxicity.
Morphometric characteristics of the mucous membrane and the cartilaginous component of the larynx are normal at different times during the experimental opioid effect and during withdrawal
Authors: Ivasivka K.P. , Paltov Ye.V. , Masna Z.Z. , Chelpanova I.V.
Published: December 2021

Background. The problem of uncontrolled use of opioid drugs is extremely relevant based on the data of domestic and world statistics which are covered in the scientific literature. That is why the study of indicators of morphometric characteristics of the laryngeal mucosa under opioid exposure under experimental opioid exposure will be of interest to both morphologists and practical otorhinolaryngologists. Objective: To study the morphometric parameters of the laryngeal mucosa in normal at different times of the experimental opioid effect and its cancellation. Methods. The material of the study were sexually mature, outbred rats - males in the amount of 61 animals, weighing 80 - 135 g, aged 4.5 - 7.5 months. Histological specimens were prepared according to conventional methods. All morphometric studies were performed using primary (unedited) photographs taken on a Meiji MT4300 LE microscope, Canon EOS 550D x100 lens. All statistical calculations were performed using RStudio v. 1.2.5042. Results. Throughout the experiment, the change of morphometric parameters of the laryngeal mucosa with signs of wavy growth and decline was clearly observed at all times. More positive was the dynamics of morphometric parameters after the abolition of the opioid analgesic, which hypothetically suggests the process of recovery of the mucosa, even after prolonged administration of the opioid.
Optimization of Fuzzy Support Vector Machine (FSVM) Performance by Distance-Based Similarity Measure Classification
Authors: Surono Sugiyarto , Nursofiyani Tia , Haryati Annisa E.
Published: December 2021

This research aims to determine the maximum or minimum value of a Fuzzy Support Vector Machine (FSVM) Algorithm using the optimization function. SVM is considered as an effective method of data classification, as opposed to FSVM, which is less effective on large and complex data because of its sensitivity to outliers and noise. One of the techniques used to overcome this inefficiency is fuzzy logic with its ability to select the right membership function, which significantly affects the effectiveness of the FSVM algorithm performance. This research was carried out using the Gaussian membership function and the Distance-Based Similarity Measurement consisting of the Euclidean, Manhattan, Chebyshev, and Minkowsky distance methods. Subsequently, the optimization of the FSVM classification process was determined using four proposed FSVM models and normal SVM as comparison references. The results showed that the method tends to eliminate the impact of noise and enhance classification accuracy effectively. FSVM provides the best and highest accuracy value of 94% at a penalty parameter value of 1000 using the Chebyshev distance matrix. Furthermore, the model proposed will be compared to the performance evaluation model in preliminary studies (Xiao Kang et al., 2018). The result further showed that using FSVM with Chebyshev distance matrix and a Gaussian membership function provides a better performance evaluation value. Doi: 10.28991/HIJ-2021-02-04-02 Full Text: PDF
THE STATE SYMBOLS ON JAPANESE POSTCARDS OF MEIJI PERIOD
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities, Bocharova Marina Yu.
Published: December 2021

The article discusses the ways of representing of state symbols in the postcards of Japan during Meiji period (1868–1912). On the basis of their visual design the ways of constructing the image of the new government are considered. After the “Meiji restoration”, the state symbols were adopted (based on the old ka-mon family emblems): the national flag, the emperor’s seal, orders and medals. The post service belonged to the state, which allowed the images to show not only the actual state symbols but also in what situations it should be used and how it should be perceived. These tasks were implemented by artistic means. The different types of symbols on postcards were distributed unevenly. The most diverse subjects are related to the national and army flags. It depicted not only war but also the everyday “peaceful” life. The documentary photo, the decorative drawings of emblems, the real peoples and fantastic animals were used for the decoration. Through the positive emotions were transmitted (pride, joy, interest, etc.). Japan is represented there as the modern, internally cohesive state with the irresistible military power, fully supported by the population, with state symbols that preserve continuity with the past.