bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modelo predictivo para la mejora de la percepción de competencia y rendimiento académico en estudiantes universitarios
Authors: Moreno Murcia Juan Antonio , Silveira Torregrosa Yolanda , Alias García Antonio
Published: October 2017

El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar la relación del cuidado del docente, las necesidades psicológicas básicas (percepción de competencia, autonomía y relación con los demás) y la motivación académica sobre la percepción de competencia académica y de la nota media de los estudiantes. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 431 estudiantes universitarios (202 hombres y 220 mujeres) de una Universidad española, con una edad media de 22 años (DT = 2.41). Los instrumentos que se utilizaron fueron: La Escala del Cuidado del Profesor, la Escala de Satisfacción de las Necesidades Psicológicas en Educación, La Escala de Motivación Académica, y el Cuestionario de Percepción de Competencia Académica. Se calcularon los estadísticos descriptivos de todas las variables (medias y desviaciones típicas), la consistencia interna de cada factor, las correlaciones bivariadas de todas las variables, así como también se realizó un análisis de regresión estructural para testar el modelo. Los resultados obtenidos muestran una correlación positiva y significativa entre todas las variables. Además, el modelo testado mostró que la nota media del estudiante fue predicha, positiva y significativamente por la competencia académica, ésta por la motivación autodeterminada, por los mediadores psicológicos y estos por el soporte de autonomía. Estos datos vendrían a apoyar la importancia de la relación docente-estudiante, pudiendo influir en la percepción de competencia académica del estudiante, llevándole a tener una mayor motivación por aprender y lograr mejores resultados.
Orientación a las metas académicas, persistencia y rendimiento en estudiantes del Ciclo de Iniciación Universitaria
Authors: Durán-Aponte Emilse , Arias-Gómez Diana
Published: October 2017

Investigaciones regionales relacionadas como la equidad en el acceso a la educación universitaria aseguran que el tema se ha convertido en un reto para las instituciones de educación superior, no solo por la necesidad de configurar políticas equitativas sino por el deber de garantizar la persistencia del estudiante y la prosecusión de estudios una vez que ingresan a la institución. En algunos casos, se ha sacrificado la calidad de la educación superior a costa de la inclusión, a través de la expansión matricular  obviando las tradicionales pruebas de selección basadas en competencias académicas, y sustituyéndolas por intereses vocacionales y de tipo congnitivo. Producto de la necesidad de garantizar la calidad educativa, surge el Ciclo de Iniciciación Universitaria (CIU) como un  programa que combina competencias académicas necesarias para cursar estudios universitarios y aspectos personales considerados importantes para aprobar y persistir. La investigación consistió en identificar las metas académicas relacionadas con la persistencia estudiantil y el rendimiento académico de estudiantes del CIU de la Universidad Simón Bolívar. Participaron 205 estudiantes con edades entre 16 y 19 años. Se aplicó el Cuestionario de Metas Académicas de Hayamizu y Weiner (1991) y a través de dos análisis de regresión múltiple se identificó una relación positiva entre las metas de carácter extrínseco, la persistencia y el rendimiento. Se concluye reconociendo la importancia de lograr que el alumno se interese por aprender y no sólo por mejorar su desempeño o permanecer en la institución, pues ambas metas son necesarias y no son excluyentes para lograr calidad.
Propuesta e implementación de un plan de tutorización de una tarea interdisciplinar universitaria de carácter modular
Authors: Uskola Ibarluzea Araitz , Madariaga Orbea José Mª , Arribillaga Iriarte Ana , Maguregi González Gurutze , Romero Andonegui Ainara , Fernández Alonso Mª Dolores
Published: October 2017

Los grados de formación de maestro y maestra en la E. U. Magisterio de Bilbao de la Universidad del País Vasco UPV/EHU, tienen una estructura modular cuatrimestral. En cada uno de los módulos el alumnado debe realizar una tarea interdisciplinar en la que están implicadas todas las materias del mismo. En este trabajo se presenta la propuesta que ha diseñado un equipo de seis profesoras y profesores de diferentes áreas de conocimiento, para abordar la tutorización de dicha tarea con alumnado del módulo 2 del Grado de Magisterio de Educación Primaria incluido en el 1º curso. En este módulo la tarea consiste en un trabajo grupal siguiendo la metodología ABP (Aprendizaje Basado en Problemas). Los objetivos planteados eran rediseñar el escenario inicial, diseñar un plan de tutorización y socializar los resultados. El escenario inicial se ha redactado teniendo en cuenta los objetivos y las actividades propias de la tarea interdisciplinar de módulo (TIM). El plan de tutorización, organizado en varias sesiones, incluye los objetivos a lograr, las tareas a realizar, la metodología -basada en el aprendizaje cooperativo-, y la evaluación. Asimismo, los resultados obtenidos se socializaron con el resto del profesorado del módulo para que los frutos de esta reflexión tengan reflejo en la práctica docente de todo el profesorado. Por último, y con el fin de conocer el grado de satisfacción del alumnado ante los cambios propuestos, se ha confeccionado un cuestionario (que se presenta) cumplimentado por 61 estudiantes.
El cuento como recurso educativo en educación sanitaria: un trabajo realizado por estudiantes del Grado de Biología Sanitaria de la Universidad de Alcalá y la ONGD Ayuda en Acción
Authors: Giménez Pardo Consuelo
Published: October 2017

Con motivo del desarrollo de una asignatura del Grado de Biología Sanitaria de la Universidad de Alcalá, se plantea a los estudiantes la posibilidad de aplicar los contenidos aprendidos en el grupo de población de niños de entre tres y siete años. El objetivo radicaba en explicar, con un lenguaje sencillo, cuestiones básicas sobre la prevención y control de las principales parasitosis que afectan a la infancia. La manera de hacerlo ha sido mediante cuentos, pequeños relatos o poesía que han acompañado de dibujos, también realizados por ellos. Los textos y dibujos se han completado aprovechando el trabajo fotográfico que otro grupo de estudiantes de clase ha elaborado en la parte práctica de la asignatura y que trataba de hacer atlas virtuales. En cada cuento se han añadido, además, explicaciones más específicas sobre los organismos parásitos causantes de enfermedad bajo el epígrafe ¿Sabes que...?

El resultado de este trabajo ha sido un libro de recopilación de cuentos ameno, didáctico, estéticamente atractivo y sobre todo útil hecho por estudiantes universitarios en colaboración con la ONGD Ayuda en Acción. Los cuentos se han utilizado como base para editar un libro que se ha ofrecido a los docentes de colegios tanto españoles como de los países en los que trabaja la organización dentro del programa “Ahora Toca”, como una herramienta para transmitir valores a los niños y niñas generando un círculo de innovación, calidad en la enseñanza y solidaridad.
Iconografía musical y su didáctica: entre la mímesis y el símbolo en el contexto de la formación de maestros.
Authors: Sarfson Gleizer Susana Alicia
Published: October 2017

Este artículo reflexiona acerca de lasposibilidades que ofrece la iconografía musical como punto de partida para unaprendizaje complejo, que integre vivencias artísticas (plásticas y musicales)con un enfoque humanista y globalizador, en el contexto de la formaciónuniversitaria del profesorado. En primer término se refiere el marco teórico yepistemológico referido tanto a las didácticas específicas implicadas como a lahistoria del arte y a la retórica de la imagen que se ha tenido en cuenta. Acontinuación se expone una experiencia de investigación-acción, realizada conestudiantes del Grado de Magisterio (Infantil y Primaria), referida a laiconografía musical y su didáctica, en la que se apunta a la integración decompetencias mediante la vivencia artística. Se ha buscado proporcionarsituaciones de aprendizaje que promovieran la reflexión, el conocimiento de unrepertorio de obras de arte plástico y musical así como algunos de los símbolosque pueden estar presentes en dichas obras, y también propiciar la experiencia artística directa a través de lareelaboración mediante técnicas variadas. Se concluye la necesidad de tener encuenta tanto las vivencias artísticas personales, como la comprensión de lossímbolos presentes en las obras de arte, vinculados con el recorrido cultural dela humanidad, en la formación universitaria de maestros.
Identidades profesionales, concepciones de enseñanza-aprendizaje y estrategias docentes del profesorado universitario
Authors: Caballero Rodríguez Katia , Bolívar Antonio
Published: October 2017

La identidad del profesorado universitario y sus creencias acerca de la profesión se perfilan en el desempeño de dos de sus funciones principales: investigación y docencia. El desajuste que existe entre ellas y el predominio de la investigación sobre la docencia, motiva que el avance hacia nuevas concepciones de la enseñanza y el aprendizaje sea lento y complejo. Existen numerosas investigaciones, a lo largo de las dos últimas décadas, que muestran la existencia de diferencias en las creencias que tiene el profesorado universitario sobre la enseñanza, las estrategias docentes que desarrollan y las formas de entender el aprendizaje. Así pues, encontramos dos orientaciones básicas hacia la docencia: una centrada en el profesor y basada en estrategias de enseñanza tradicional; y otra centrada en el estudiante y apoyada en estrategias de enseñanza constructivista. Como se argumenta a lo largo del artículo, modificar las concepciones y estilos docentes del profesorado universitario hacia un modelo de enseñanza y aprendizaje orientado al estudiante no es tarea sencilla, y requiere un replanteamiento de los sistemas de formación y evaluación, así como nuevos dispositivos y contextos que posibiliten integrar docencia e investigación.

ABSTRACT

Academic identity of university teachers and their beliefs about professional practice are outlined in the performance of two of its main functions: research and teaching. The imbalance between them and the prevalence of research on teaching, motivating the move towards new conceptions of teaching and learning is slow and complex. Here are many research, over the past two decades, showing the existence of differences in belief held by undergraduate faculty about teaching, teaching strategies and developing ways of understanding learning. Thus, there are two basic orientations toward teaching: a teacher-centered, based on traditional teaching strategies; and other, student-centered, which uses constructivist teaching strategies. As argued throughout the article, modify the conceptions and teaching styles of university teachers towards a model of teaching and learning oriented student is not an easy job, and requires a rethinking of systems training and assessment, as well as new devices and contexts that facilitate integrating teaching and research.
Hacia una pedagogía de los estudios avanzados en la Universidad: la producción de una escritura académica inventiva en las Ciências Sociales, Artes y Humanidades
Authors: Ramos do Ó Jorge , Cabeleira Helena
Published: October 2017

Este artículo intenta contribuir a una discusión, por hacer en Portugal (así como en otros países europeos) – necesariamente teórica y práctica, pero en última instancia pedagógica – por la comprensión de las vias reflexivas a través de las cuales sería efectivamente posible “cambiar el paradigma de enseñanza” por la “transición de un sistema basado en la idea de la transmisión de conocimientos” mediante una escritura mimética, “para un sistema basado en el desarrollo de competencias” de escritura inventiva  a nivel de la formación de posgrado. Esta fue la terminología utilizada por el Gobierno Portugués cuando, en 2006, implantó el Proceso de Bolonia y definió “la calificación de los portugueses en el espacio europeo” como “uno de los objetivos esenciales de la política para la enseñanza superior”. Nuestra atención se concentra en los discursos producidos alrededor del tercer ciclo universitario (para obtener el grado de doctor), y en argumentos teóricos y empíricos para avanzar en la defensa de un modelo de escritura académica inventiva en sus articulaciones potenciales con “la componente experimental y de proyecto” (MCTES, 2006). Enfatizamos la escritura de posgrado porque es en este ciclo de estudios que hay “esencialmente un aprendizaje orientado a la práctica de investigación de alto nivel”. Centraremos nuestra (auto)reflexión alrededor de los procesos de escritura académica en las ciencias sociales y humanidades, identificando algunos aportes y desafíos de la investigación en las artes como un caso paradigmático de cómo se puede escribir una “tesis original” (MCTES, 2009). Subrayaremos prácticas creativas específicas del artista-investigador.
Interaction between the Pinchal Granodiorite and the Kilometric Xenolite of Cerro Negro, Sierra de Moreno, Antofagasta Region, Chile.
Authors: Niemeyer Hans , Nava Marcelo , Soto Ivan
Published: October 2017

The processes associated with the interaction between the Pinchal Granodiorite (PG) and the kilometric Cerro Negro Xenolith (KCNX) are studied. The PG was cooled during the Late Carboniferous, whereas the age of the KCNX remain until now unknown. The KCNX is immersed in the top of the PG. It is formed by a 600 m thick stratified succession of hornfels including sandstones, pelites and conglomerates. The sandstones are observed in the hornfels showing granoblastic fabric with recrystallized plagioclase, quartz, biotite, actinolite, hornblende and garnet. These minerals were formed at temperatures comprised between 320 and 550°C. The PG is mainly granodioritic and, in minor proportion, monzdioritic. In the western flank of the KCNX a porphyritic facies is present in the PG, whereas in its eastern contact the pluton mainly exhibits equigranular facies. In the western edge, the contact of the KCNX with the PG corresponds to a ductile shear zone. In the eastern edge, the contact is characterized by assimilation, presence of metasedimentary small xenoliths and injections of granitic material. In the latter, magmatic foliation and oblate enclaves are observed, whose deformation is related with the flow associated to the descendent movement of the KCNX. The KCNX display megascopic structures such as synclinal folding and deflection of layers in its northern part, which are interpreted as due to the gravitational fall of the KCNX in the magma of the PG by a stoping mechanism. The homoclinal attitude of the KCNX in its southern part, with increase of the dip of the layers between the western edge and the eastern edge, is interpreted as stretching that accompanied the tilting towards the southeast during its fall. Foliation and lineations within the KCNX represent ductile penetrative fabrics during this deformation. In addition ptigmatic veins, centimetric folds and boudinage are observed. Also structures of fragile-ductile character as tension gashes are present. On the basis of the analysis of strain in deformed conglomerates a coaxial deformation with a prolate ellipsoid developed. Tectonites are classified as LS. The history of the process of stoping of the KCNX is reconstructed, which started with its loosening of the country rock, metamorphism, deformation and, finally, collapse and halting within the mass of the PG. The present work demonstrates that magmatic stoping can occur on a great scale in the upper part of a pluton.
Sedimentology and paleoenvironments of the La Laja Formation (Cambrian), Quebrada La Laja, Sierra Chica de Zonda, San Juan, Argentina.
Authors: Gomez Fernando J. , Astini Ricardo A.
Published: October 2017

The La Laja Formation is a key unit regarding the hypothesis of the Argentine Precordillera as a Laurentia-derived allochtonous terrane in the south central Andes. Together with the Cerro Totora Formation it comprises the oldest unit exposed at the base of the Lower Paleozoic carbonate platform of the Precordillera. According to previous work these units record the rifting-drifting history of this terrane exotic to Gondwana. The La Laja Formation contrasts with the rest of the overlying units of the Cambro-Ordovician carbonate platform by being partly mixed carbonate-siliciclastic. A detailed facies analysis of the five recognized members in the reference section at Quebrada La Laja (Sierra Chica de Zonda, San Juan Province) allow the recognition of 19 microfacies grouped into four main environmentally significant associations: 1) a storm-influenced, deep subtidal environment with variable influx of fine siliciclastic sediments; 2) shallow subtidal, 3) mixed shallow subtidal and 4) shallow subtidal to intertidal occasionally with well developed high-frequency tidal flat cycles. No deeper basinal or slope facies were found. In contrast, the unit largely records shallow-marine facies with some evidence of subaerial exposure. Medium to coarse, calcareous, feldspar-rich sandstones and sandy limestones characterize the El Estero Member. The base of the Soldano Member shows profuse development of cyclicity with capping oolitic shoals. This member and the upper Juan Pobre Member contain deeper subtidal intervals, below the storm weather wave base, with high percentages of fine terrigenous material represented by shaly marls and nodular limestones. Skeletal-rich and oolite-rich storm beds are recorded within them. Relative shallowing to subaerial environments recorded within the Rivadavia and Las Torres members, with the development of ribbon limestones, intraclastic rudstones, microkarstic surfaces and exposure breccias. Herringbone cross-bedded oolite shoals are common at the top of the uppermost Las Torres Member. The transition into the overlying Zonda Formation is represented by an abrupt rearrangement of the depositional systems and development of meter-scale microbial-rich peritidal cycles. Several orders of superposed cyclicity are recorded within the La Laja Formation. Larger-scale cycles ('Grand Cycles') are inferred from alternating members with important amounts of siliciclastics, whereas meter-scale cycles indicate higher frequency superposed mechanisms. Altogether these show a complex depositional history linking environmental and tectono-eustatic signatures.
Finding of a Holocene marine layer in Algarrobo (33°22'S), central Chile. Implications for coastal uplift
Authors: Encinas Alfonso , Herve Francisco , Villa-Martinez Rodrigo , Nielsen Sven N. , Finger Kenneth L. , Peterson Dawn E.
Published: October 2017

A buried Holocene marine bed was discovered upon drilling a water well in Algarrobo (33°22'S), located on the coast of central Chile. Radiocarbon dating of a wood fragment found within the deposit indicates an age of 6450 cal yr BP. The top of this bed, 0.25 m-thick, was reached at an elevation of 3.8 m above mean sea level. This bed contains abundant monospecific faunas of foraminifers (Ammonia tepida) and ostracodes (Cyprideis beaconensis), indicative of deposition in a very shallow, transitional marine environment. Palynologic analysis reveals a Chenopodiaceae-dominated (~70%) assemblage, indicating a relatively arid and warm climate.
Polyphase white mica growth in low-grade metapelites from La Cebila Metamorphic Complex (Famatinian Belt, Argentina): evidence from microstructural and XRD investigations.
Authors: Verdecchia Sebastian O. , Collo Gilda , Baldo Edgardo G.
Published: October 2017

Two tectono-thermal metamorphic events, M1-D1 (S1, with associated white mica and chlorite: WM1-Chl1) and M2-D2 (S2, with development of WM2-Chl2), are established from polyphase white mica growth for low-grade units from the Ordovician metasedimentary successions of La Cebila Metamorphic Complex in the Famatinian belt (western-central Argentina). The thermobarometric characterization of the M1 main event was carried out by means of clay-mineral analysis and crystallo-chemical parameter measurements. Epizonal (temperatures between 300 and 400ºC) and low-pressure conditions are suggested for M1 event, based in Kübler index values ranging from 0.23 to 0.17 Δº2θ, white mica b parameter values between 9.004 and 9.022 Å (mean of 9.014 Å, n=16) and Si contents between 3.13-3.29 a.p.f.u. Temperatures of ~180-270ºC are estimated for the M2 event, with Kübler index values ranging from 0.31 to 0.46 Δº2θ. The M1-D1 event of La Cebila could be linked to highstrain heating tectono-metamorphic Ordovician regime recorded in others complexes from Famatinian foreland region of Sierras Pampeanas.
Interaction between magmatic and tectonic stresses during dyke intrusion.
Authors: Skarmeta Jorge
Published: October 2017

Cataclastic and mylonitic rocks exposed in the southwestern part of the Peninsula de Mejillones, northern Chile, are intruded at high angles of the foliation by younger, steeply inclined (±70°) basaltic dykes that resemble intru¬sive tension gashes with knife-edge contacts with the country rocks. These late dykes developed sigmoidaly-shaped, preferred orientation paths defined by oriented pyroxene phenocrysts that vary in size, aspect ratio, concentration and distribution across the width of an individual dyke. This banding has z and s asymmetries that indicate the sense of displacement of the country rock. The relative involvement of the coeval, internal and external stresses that caused the finite strains is estimated by using a partition analysis. The phenocryst location and size distribution are related to the internal magma flow velocity (um) stress component, whereas the sigmoid banding is linked to the external tectonic wall displacement velocity (±u). Dyke wall sliding with or against the magma flow induced the asymmetric shear strain distribution. The measured strain and displacements are analyzed using the deformation model of viscous laminar flow confined between two parallel plates moving parallel to each other with opposed motion. The shear stresses related to magma intrusion and frictional dyke-wall shear are quantified on the basis of magma flow displacements, cooling times and the temperature dependent viscosity of basalts in the linear rheology range. At the estimated depth where the intrusion and deformation occurred, the state of stress was close to being hydrostatic. This conclusion is in agreement with established models of active-collapsing volcanic centres, where bulk permeability is accommodated by means of a mesh of interconnected dykes and active faults. This interactivity tends to re-equilibrate, locally and transiently, any excess differential stress and redistributes excess magmatic pressures to create a uniform hydrostatic stress regime.
Eruptive activity of Planchón-Peteroa volcano for period 2010-2011, Southern Andean Volcanic Zone, Chile
Authors: Aguilera Felipe , Benavente Oscar , Gutiérrez Francisco , Romero Jorge , Saltori Ornella , González Rodrigo , Agusto Mariano , Caselli Alberto , Pizarro Marcela
Published: October 2017

Planchón-Peteroa volcano started a renewed eruptive period between January 2010 and July 2011. This eruptive period was characterized by the occurrence of 4 explosive eruptive phases, dominated by low-intensity phreatic activity, which produced almost permanent gas/steam columns (200-800 m height over the active crater). Those columns presented frequently scarce ash, and were interrupted by phreatic explosions that produced ash columns 1,000-3,000 m height in the more intense periods. Eruptive plumes were transported in several directions (NW, N, NE, E and SE), but more than half of the time the plume axis was 130-150° E, and reached a distance up to 638 km from the active crater. Tephra fall deposits identified in the NW, N, NE, E and SE flanks covered an area of 1,265 km2, thickness variable from 4 m (SE border of active crater) to ~0.5 cm 36.8 km SE and ~8 km NW from active crater, respectively, corresponding to a minimum volume of 0.0088 km3. Tephra fall deposit is exclusively constituted of no juvenile fragments including: lithics fragments as main component, quartz and plagioclase crystals, some oxidized lithics, and occasional presence of Fe oxide, and less frequently Cu minerals, as single fragments. We present new field-based measurements data of the geochemistry of gas/water from fumaroles and acid crater lakes, and fall deposit analysis, that integrated with the eruptive record and GOES satellite data, suggests that the eruptive period 2010-2011 has been related to an increasing of heat and mass transfer from hydrothermal-magmatic reservoirs, which would have been favoured by the formation and/or reactivation of cracks after 8.8 Mw Maule earthquake in February 2010. This process also allowed the ascent of fluids from a shallow hydrothermal source, dominated by reduced species as H2S and CH4, during the entire eruptive period, and the release of more oxidizing fluids from a deep magmatic reservoir, dominated by acid species as SO2, HCl and HF, increasing strongly after the end of the eruptive period, probably since October 2011. The eruptive period was scored with a magnitude of 3.36, corresponding to a VEI 1-2.
Thinning of the Horcones inferior debris-covered glacier, derived from five ablation seasons by semi-continuous GNSS geodetic surveys (Mt. Aconcagua, Argentina)
Authors: Lenzano María Gabriela , Lenzano Luis , Barón Jorge , Lannutti Esteban , Durand Marcelo , Trombotto Liaudat Dario
Published: October 2017

We report on ice movements changes in the Horcones Inferior Glacier (HIG), a major debris-covered glacier located in the southern sector of Mt. Aconcagua, Central Andes of Argentina. The HIG has been characterized by outstanding surge phenomena in the recent past, with the last episode registered in 2003. After a surge episode, the surface becomes highly unstable, with continuous ice degradation. We studied the response of the glacier surface in the post-surge stagnation period, based on six semi-continuous Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) stations distributed along the main axis of the glacier. Kinematic GNSS profiles were acquired over the surface, aiming to strengthen the GNSS measurements of elevation change. Our results show a horizontal surface displacement from 0.4 cmd-1 to 2.7 cmd-1, and a 0.8 cmd-1 mean elevation reduction during the 2009-2014 period. GNSS profiles also show a velocity increase, ranging from -1.1 cmd-1 in 2012 to -1.8 cmd-1 in 2013. Changing surface velocities in the HIG may be related to the presence of a thick debris cover, in combination with faster glacier degradation due to thickness loss after the 2003 surge, and glacier-climate interaction.
Diagenetic analysis of tetrapod from the Upper Triassic, Puesto Viejo Group, Argentina
Authors: Previtera Elena , Mancuso Adriana C. , De la fuente Marcelo S. , Sánchez Eloy S.
Published: October 2017

The Puesto Viejo Group crops out in the San Rafael Block, southwest Mendoza, Argentina. This group is an important unit for the knowledge theTriassic faunas. It is composed of basal Quebrada de los Fósiles Formation (QF) overlying by the Río Seco de la Quebrada Formation (RSQ). In this study, we report tetrapod remains from the RSQ Formation that includes, until now, exclusively therapsids. Non-mammalian therapsids predominated in terrestrial ecosystems during the Late Paleozoic and Early Mesozoic. Although cynodonts and dicynodonts have been studied from several perspectives, the relation between taxa and sedimentary context has been scarcely documented. This study is aimed to elucidate the diagenesis of tetrapods from the Puesto Viejo Group and its relation to depositional environment. Diagenetic features of therapsid bones from the RSQ Formation were analyzed through thin sections to interpret the degree of taphonomic alteration. Diagenetic processes inferred include substitution; fracturing; brittle deformation and different permineralization events. Combined analyses through scanning electron microscopy; energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry (SEM-EDX); X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and petrographic studies reveals the substitution of hydroxyapatite by francolite. The presence of fluorine in some samples suggests a link between the elemental composition and depositional environments: floodplain and crevasse splay. Permineralization stages include infilling of vascular canals, trabeculae and fractures with iron oxides and iron carbonate minerals during the burial history. This contribution represents a relevant approach to elucidate the relation between diagenesis on tetrapods and their paleoenvironments, as exemplified in this case study from the Puesto Viejo Group during the Upper Triassic.
Depositional model and sequential evolution of the upper Quintuco Formation in its type area: implications for paleogeographic reconstructions for the southern Neuquén Basin during the Valanginian
Authors: Olivo Mariana S. , Schwarz Ernesto , Veiga Gonzalo D.
Published: October 2017

The Quintuco Formation (Berriasian-early Valanginian) in central Neuquén province comprise marine, transitional and continental deposits. These deposits were included in several regional stratigraphic studies since the 80’s but receiving little attention in terms of detailed facies analysis, palaeoenvironmental reconstructions and evolution. Understanding the evolutionary stage corresponding to cusp section of the Quintuco Formation and its relation with basal deposits of the Mulichinco Formation, is key to estimate the magnitude of associated change to the event of basin reconfiguration occurred in the early later Valanginian. In order to reconstruct the final stages of the evolution of the Quintuco Formation in its type locality (Sierra de la Vaca Muerta), a facial, architectural and sequence-stratigraphic analysis of the uppermost interval is presented. The study comprise the sedimentological description and interpretation of facies, combined with architectural analysis of key intervals. This allowed the identification of 7 facies associations, which represent the accumulation in prodelta (FA 1), delta front (FA 2 and FA 3), distal delta plain (FA 4 y FA 5) and proximal delta plain (FA 6 and FA 7). Subsequently, the spatial distribution of the different facies associations were analyzed and key surfaces related to significant changes in the depositional settings were identified across the investigated region. In this context, sequence-stratigraphic analysis of the studied interval was addressed and stacking patterns of the successions and vertical evolution of the interval are discussed. The upper interval of the Quintuco Formation represents the development of a deltaic system, where fluvial processes were dominant, but waves affected the off-axis parts of the system. The proximal areas were located towards the southwest with prodelta settings located toward the east. The delta system was built by successive shallowing-upward successions (15-40 m), bounded by regional transgressive surfaces, and with a long-term progradational staking. The reconstructed paleogeography for the last evolutionary stage of the Quintuco Formation suggest a well-established source area from the west-southwest, that would represent a new insight for paleogeographic settings for the southern Neuquén Basin during the Valanginian.
Southern Central Andes Neogene magmatism over the Pampean Flat Slab: implications on crustal and slab melts contribution to magma generation in Precordillera, Western Argentina
Authors: Poma Stella , Ramos Adriana , Litvak Vanesa D. , Quenardelle Sonia , Maisonnave Emma B. , Díaz Iris
Published: October 2017

A Miocene to Pliocene (13 to 4.6 Ma) mostly pyroclastic sequence is exposed along the Iglesia Valley, to the east of the former main volcanic arc. This area is a transitional region between Cordillera Frontal and Precordillera, over the f lat slab segment of the Southern Central Andes, at 29º30’ S to 30º00’ S. New radiometric ages, geochemical data, petrography and field relationships are evaluated to establish differences and similarities between Miocene arcrelated sequences across the main arc and its expansion towards a back arc position, in western Precordillera. Analyzed rocks have a magmatic arc signature partially like the former main volcanic arc to the west. The Iglesia Valley rocks are LREE-enriched (La/Sm: 3.7-6.5) with respect to HREE (Sm/Yb: 2.2-6.0) and define patterns with a pronounced slope. Sm/Yb ratios generally increase with time, as pressures increase, with retention of HREE in residual mineralogy, particularly garnet at Sm/Yb>4. Volcanic activity in Cordillera Frontal and the volcanic-volcaniclastic expression in Precordillera show a continuous increase in the La/Yb ratio with decreasing age. Variations in the residual mineralphase equilibrating with magmas would be related to the progressive increase in crustal thickness due to the tectonic compressive regime resulting from shallow subduction since Middle Miocene. The data presented suggest that the arc magmatic activity during the Miocene was expanded notably to the East in relation to the location of the main arc at Valle del Cura, in Cordillera Frontal. The extensive amplitude of the volcanic arc activity is indicative of the slab gradual f lattening. Particularly, the mantle-derived magmas from Lomas del Campanario Formation (Western Precordillera) are enriched by subduction related f luids but also by crustal components. It is interpreted that the cause of the geochemical differences between the back arc position rocks and the main arc lay in the heterogeneous composition of the underlying continental crust involved in both locations. Presence of volcanic rocks with adakitic geochemical affinity probably ref lect astenospheric-derived melts that interacted through a heterogeneous and thickened crust toward the surface.
Optimizing micro watershed management for soil erosion control under various slope gradient and vegetation cover conditions using SWAT modeling
Authors: Nabi Ghulam , Hussain Fiaz , Wu Ray-Shyan , Nangia Vinay , Bibi Riffat , Majid Abdul
Published: October 2017

Abstract. This study evaluated parameters of soil erosion and optimization of micro watersheds by applying a semidistributed basin-scale Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model in various small watersheds of the Chakwal and Attock districts of Pothwar, Pakistan. The model was calibrated and validated on a daily basis for a small catchment (Catchment-25) of the Dhrabi watershed without any soil conservation structures. Statistical measures (R2 and EN-S) were used to evaluate model performance; the model performed satisfactorily well for both surface runoff and sediment yield estimations, with the R2 and EN-S values both being greater than 0.75, during calibration (2009–2010) and validation (2011). The model was applied to various small watershed sites in the Chakwal and Attock districts after successful calibration and validation. Soil erosion estimation was performed at these sites having loose stone soil and water conservation structures and being under various slope gradient and vegetation cover conditions. The structures had significant effects, and the average sediment yield reduction engendered by the loose stone structures at the various sites varied from 54 to 98 %. The sediment yield and erosion reductions were also compared under conditions involving vegetation cover change. Agricultural land with winter wheat crops had a higher sediment yield level than did fallow land with crop residue, which facilitated sediment yield reduction along with the soil conservation structures. Analyzing various slope gradients revealed that all selected sites had a maximum slope area of less than 5 %; stone structures were installed at these sites to reduce sediment yield. Based on slope classification analysis, the model was upscaled for the whole districts of Chakwal and Attock. The results indicated that 60 % of Chakwal (4095 km2) and Attock (3918 km2) by area lies in a slope range of 0–4 %; this thus implies that considerable potential exists for implementing soil conservation measures by installing stone structures. Estimates revealed that minimum sediment yield reductions of 122,850 t year−1 in Chakwal District and 117,540 t year−1 in Attock District could be achieved by installing loose stone structures in 60 % of the agricultural areas of both districts having a slope of 0–4 %; these findings can serve as a reference for policymakers and planners. The overarching findings of this study show that the SWAT model provides reliable results for sediment yield and soil erosion estimation, which can be used in rocky mountainous watersheds for erosion control and watershed management.
How Much Democracy is too Much Democracy?
Authors: Dryer Mary Kathleen
Published: October 2017

Despite their widespread use, many rightfully question the prudence of using popular elections to fill state courts. A key difference between federal and state courts is that while federal judges are nominated by the president and confirmed by the Senate, the majority of jurists at the state level are elected. The reason federal judges, at least judges on the Article III courts, are made by executive selection is the same reason that Supreme Court justices are given life tenure: to insulate them from the whims of public opinion. In this passage, Hamilton articulates the fundamental paradox of democracy, a question that genuine republics have always grappled with: how can we control for the “tyranny of the majority?” In other words, how can we entrust people with the power to govern themselves but also prevent them from stripping away the rights of minority groups or from posing a danger to others?
Shahs and Sanctions: The Story of Past, Present, and Future Tensions with Iran
Authors: Glitz Henry
Published: October 2017

It’s hard to deny that the historically intense distrust between the United States and Iran helps motivate some of the anti-deal sentiment in each country. It’s also, however, this same shared history of suspicion that may hold some of the most import-ant insights about the deal itself. The context for this understanding is the thread of Iranian-Western relations through the ages of colonialism and decolonization, the Islamic Revolution, and the formation of the current regime in Iran. A further layer of complexity in looking at the nuclear negotiations is added with the consideration of the contemporary social and political atmosphere in the Iranian domestic sphere. This often-overlooked background speaks of a situation far more complex than what many who oppose the accords seem to entertain and that must be taken into account if the United States and the West want to see long-term diplomatic success with Iran.
Under the Skin: Russia’s Budding Healthcare Crisis
Authors: Kehl Madeline
Published: October 2017

Behind the ghost of the Iron Curtain lurks a public health crisis. Superseded in the media by East-West tension and military flare-ups, infectious disease has launched its own war on the Russian Federation. Besides the HIV epidemic, which has continued to escalate for decades, the Russian Federation has become a greenhouse for multidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDR TB). This problem is not just a problem of the Russian Federation, but has worldwide significance due to the spread of resistant TB. Furthermore, the issue has not received the attention it deserves from the international media or the Russian government.  MDR-TB in Russia needs to be taken more seriously.
Smart Home Security System Design Sensor Based on Pir and Microcontroller
Authors: Wibowo Pristisal , Lubis Solly Aryza , Hermansyah . , Hamdani . , Tharo Zuraidah
Published: October 2017

Technological developments are so rapid at this time to make people want always to be creative and trigger to create something new which can be applied and can use quickly and practically and control from close range and distance. In this research how to design home security system using PIR sensor (Passive Infra Red) based on microcontroller. Where this safety will work if the PIR (Passive Infra Red) sensor detects any human being that does not want to enter into the house, and then the micro controller process and instructs cell phone 1 to send an alarm signal in the form of SMS (Short Message Service).
O BIOGÁS E A PRODUÇÃO DE SUÍNOS DO SUL DO BRASIL
Authors: Backes Bühring Gladis Maria , Pires Silveira Vicente Celestino
Published: October 2017

A produção intensiva de suínos na região Sul do Brasil é desenvolvida principalmente em propriedades familiares em sistema de integração basicamente. A concentração de dejetos representa uma biomassa  residual de elevada carga orgânica, com potencial risco de contaminação ambiental e se não forem geridos de forma adequada, podem acarretar em contaminação dos recursos hídricos, do solo e do ar. O tratamento dos dejetos de suínos pela digestão anaeróbia possui potencial no suprimento energético e de saneamento ambiental no meio rural, produzindo biogás, biofertilizante e reduzindo a matéria orgânica poluente. Nesse contexto, objetivo foi estimar o plantel de suínos da agricultura familiar da região Sul do Brasil, com cálculos da quantidade de dejetos e de produção de biogás, além da redução de emissões de metano para o plantel considerado. Para isso foram utilizados dados de plantel do IBGE, e os cálculos realizados pela metodologia estabelecida pelo Intergovernmental Panel On Climate Change (IPCC) constante nas orientações do UNFCCC (United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change). A partir deste estudo constatou-se a importância da agricultura familiar na cadeia de produção de suínos, pois detêm 67% do plantel na região Sul do Brasil, com elevado potencial de produção de biogás e de redução de emissão de metano pela adoção do tratamento dos dejetos de suínos através da digestão anaeróbia, com possibilidade de transformar um passivo ambiental em ativo energético e econômico na propriedade rural.
SIMULAÇÃO DA PRODUÇÃO CONTÍNUA E PURIFICAÇÃO DO BIODIESEL DE ÓLEO DE PALMA USANDO ASPEN HYSYS
Authors: Gonçalves Aline Lobato , Takakura Alberto Koji , Costa Elinéia Castro , Machado Nélio Teixeira , Araújo Marilena Emmi
Published: October 2017

Este trabalho teve como objetivo o projeto de uma planta para a produção de biodiesel de óleo de dendê, via rota etílica, empregando o simulador ASPEN HYSYS 2006. O óleo de dendê foi representado através dos triglicerídeos percentualmente mais representativos de sua composição, com 10% de acidez em relação à massa de óleo representada pelos ácidos palmítico e oleico. O fluxograma utilizou a desacidificação do óleo de palma com etanol como solvente em coluna de extração líquido-líquido em contracorrente com 10 pratos, a 101,3 kPa e 30°C, garantindo um óleo refinado isento de acidez. Foi utilizado um reator de conversão a 101,3 kPa e 75°C com o etanol na proporção de 6:1 molar e o NaOH a 1% em massa em relação ao óleo. Para as etapas de recuperação de etanol tanto para a desacidificação do óleo bruto quanto para a retirada do excesso do meio reacional foram utilizadas colunas de destilação fracionada de 10 pratos. O projeto utilizou também uma coluna de extração líquido-líquido, empregando a água como solvente, a 101,3 kPa e 70°C para a purificação do biodiesel seguido de um vaso flash para a evaporação da água residual. A planta apresentou convergência para a conversão do reator de transesterificação de 98%. A proposta da otimização das etapas de separação e purificação, foram validadas pelos valores atingidos na corrente de biodiesel final que correspondem às especificações da ANP (Agencia Nacional de Petróleo Gás Natural e Biocombustíveis) para glicerol residual, máximo de água e de etanol no biodiesel final.
DIMENSIONAMENTO DE FILTRO DE AREIA PARA TRATAMENTO DE ÁGUA CINZA DO BLOCO NOVO DO IRN.
Authors: Junior Rubens Martins , Martins Márcia Viana Lisboa
Published: October 2017

A escassez de água de boa qualidade é um dos principais problemas deste século. Por tratar-se de um recurso natural imprescindível à vida e haver uma disparidade entre o crescimento populacional a oferta de água potável, exige-se um uso racional deste recurso. Recentemente, tem-se voltado olhos para o reuso de água cinza para fins não potáveis, tais como irrigação, ornamentos, lavagem de pisos e pátios ou uso em vasos sanitários. As águas cinza constituem dos efluentes provenientes de chuveiros, lavatórios, máquina de lavar roupa e por excluírem os efluentes dos vasos sanitários contém uma quantidade de resíduos inferior aos do esgoto doméstico, o que simplifica o tratamento. O filtro de areia apresenta-se como tratamento eficientepara tratamento de águas cinza de baixa carga poluidora e tem como vantagem o baixo custo de implantação e a simplicidade de operação e manutenção. Assim, a presente pesquisa objetiva o dimensionar um filtro de areiapara tratar a água cinza proveniente do Bloco novo do IRNpara uso não potável em sistema de subirrigação de jardins.Palavras-chave: filtro de areia, reúso e água cinza
ESTUDO COMPARATIVO DO DESEMPENHO OPERACIONAL DO ESGOTAMENTO SANITÁRIO DE ITAJUBÁ
Authors: Carvalhaes Vivian Bittar , Martins Márcia Viana Lisboa
Published: October 2017

O acesso ao saneamento básico é direito constitucional do brasileiro, garantido pela Lei 11.445 de 2007, que estabelece as diretrizes básicas para o saneamento no país e delega ao município a responsabilidade de planejar este serviço. Foi estabelecido nesta lei o Plano Municipal de Saneamento (PMS) e, no ano passado, o município de Itajubá começou a elaboração do PMS em todas as suas áreas de abrangência. Foram selecionados alguns indicadores de desempenho operacional referente ao serviço de esgotamento sanitário da cidade de Itajubá, que são importantes no desenvolvimento do diagnóstico da prestação do serviço, para serem comparados aos valores apresentados no país como um todo e com os indicadores de Franca, cidade modelo no país referente à prestação dos serviços de saneamento básico.O estudo revelou que comparado à média brasileira, os indicadores de Itajubá apresentaram bom desempenho, no entanto, comparado à cidade de Franca, o esgotamento sanitário em Itajubá ainda tem muito a melhorar.  Palavras-chave:saneamento.esgotamento sanitário. desempenho operacional. Itajubá.
ATIVIDADE ENZIMÁTICA DE CELULASES PELO MÉTODO DNS DE FUNGOS ISOLADOS DE SEMENTES EM GERMINAÇÃO
Authors: Inforsato Fábio José , Porto André Luiz Meleiro
Published: October 2017

O objetivo do trabalho foi utilizar o caldo enzimático dos fungos Aspergillus sp. CBMAI 1198 e Rhizopus sp. CBMAI 1458 isolados de sementes em germinação para degradar a celulose utilizando papel de filtro. Inicialmente os fungos foram cultivados em meio de cultura sólido contendo celulose como indutor de celulases em diferentes valores de pH. A atividade enzimática máxima foi obtida no período de 48 a 72 h após serem cultivados em meio semi-sólido de farelo de trigo (Aspergillus sp. CBMAI 1198: 2,20 e 2,18 UI.mL-1,48-72h, pH 6,0; Rhizopus sp. CBMAI 1458, 5,30 UI.mL-1, pH 6,0, 48 h). Para quantificação da atividade enzimática para celulases totais foi utilizado o método DNS.  Concluiu-se que os fungos Aspergillus sp. CBMAI 1198 e Rhizopus sp. CBMAI 1458 produziram celulases que degradaram a celulose presente no papel de podem ser utilizados na produção dessas enzimas.