bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sociálně-právní dopady současného pojetí exekučního řízení pro obyvatele České republiky
Authors: Wolfová Jitka
Published: March 2023

The last amendment to the Enforcement Code, which was introduced by the No. 286/2001 Sb., is an extensive amendment in its content. The aim of this amendment was mainly to solve the problem of multiple execution proceedings, an introduction of the principle of one mandatory single judicial officer. The amendment did not achieve its goal. It is unsystematic and chaotic. It increases the administrative duties of judicial officers and the overall increase in costs of the entire execution procedure, including the costs of entitled persons. The amendment lengthens and procedurally complicates the entire execution procedure not only for the judicial officer, but especially for the obligee and the beneficiary. It introduces positive changes to protect obligated persons who are socially weak, but in a complex and problematically applicable manner. The established legislative trend in the form of large debt amnesties for certain types of claims is a moral hazard for society.
Dasya hispida sp. nov. (Delesseriaceae, Rhodophyta) from Puerto Rico and Grenada, Caribbean Sea
Authors: Ballantine David L. , Norris James N. , Johnson Gabe P. , Ruiz Hector J.
Published: March 2023

A new subtidal species of Dasya is reported from offshore algal plains of Puerto Rico and Grenada in the Caribbean. Closely invested with pigmented lateral branchlets giving the alga a shaggy appearance, the species bears close resemblance and genetic affinity to the Bermudian Dasya cryptica and a superficial resemblance to Pacific D. anastomosans. The new species differs from all known Atlantic congeners as well as non-Atlantic members of the “Dasya cryptica complex” both genetically and in possessing rhizoids among its pericentral and enlarged inner cortical cells.
Exergetic performance analyses of three different cogeneration plants
Authors: Keven Arzu
Published: March 2023

Energy cost and consumption are increasing, so that efficiency becomes more important, from the production to the end users. Energy reserves are limited; increasing demand and environmental concerns make efficiency important. To provide cost-effective and clean power generation, gas turbines and cogeneration are becoming the key technology that must be researched and developed. Three different cogeneration cycles are analyzed by using first and second laws of thermodynamics and exergy analysis method. The three cycles are basic, air heated, and fuel air heated cycles. The performance analysis of the devices such as turbine, recuperator, combustion chamber, compressor, and heat exchanger for the whole cycle is obtained and discussed. For different excess air rates, compression ratios (r), and ambient (inlet air) temperatures, the Z factor (ratio of lost exergy to useful exergy), specific fuel consumption, and specific work and other performance parameters of the devices were obtained and discussed. It is found that excess air rates have the most effect on the performance of the three cycles.
Tone and prosodic recursion in Degema nouns and noun phrases
Authors: Rolle Nicholas , Kari Ethelbert Emmanuel
Published: March 2023

This paper presents the first systematic study of tone in nouns and noun phrases in Degema. From a database of approximately 1,000 nouns, we find that nouns fall into three main tone patterns: /L-L/ (48% of nouns), /H-H/ (18%), and /L-HH/ (13%). This last case is theoretically important in that it includes cases where two separate H tones associate to the same tone-bearing unit, in violation of the Obligatory Contour Principle. In isolation, nouns are subject to two basic tone rules which alter their underlying forms: downstep is inserted between two final H’s (e.g. /H-H/ → [H↓H]), and H is inserted at the end of an all-low sequence (e.g. /L-L/ → [LH]). The combined effect of these rules is that virtually all nouns and noun phrases have a pitch change. Further, we catalog tonal effects found on nouns in 33 distinct modificational contexts within the noun phrase. We attribute these tonal effects to whether modifiers plus the noun form phonological phrases (φ) or phonological words (ɷ), and whether they form recursive prosodic structures, e.g. of the type ( ( A )φ B )φ. By positing recursive structure, we can localize tonal effects to an outermost prosodic layer (e.g. φ[+max]), innermost layer (e.g. φ[+min]), non-inner or outermost layers (e.g. φ[-max]), or to the prosodic category as a whole (i.e. all layers of a φ).
Performance enhancement and analysis of 40 GB/s dual channel hybrid FSO/FO link under diverse weather conditions
Authors: Parkash Sooraj , Banga Amita
Published: March 2023

This paper is demonstrating the simulative comparisons and investigation of free-space optical fiber optic (FSO/FO) hybrid link under the effects of clear sky, haze and light rain weather conditions by using phase shift keying (PSK) modulation format with a data rate 40 GB/s at 1550 nm wavelength. An optical amplifier with 40 dB gain is placed before the FSO transmitter to boost the amplitude of a weak signal. A combination of multiple FSO transmitters, erbium-doped fiber (EDF) 3 m and bidirectional dispersion compensating fiber (DCF) 3.2 km are employed to overcome the effect of attenuation in the propagating channel. The performance of the system is evaluated in terms of BER, SNR, Q factor and eye diagrams. It has been observed that the performance of dual-channel hybrid FSO/FO is very robust as compared to conventional FSO/FO systems. While the communication distance with the hybrid link is escalated up to 54 km, 11 km and 5.5 km in a clear sky, haze and light rain climate conditions correspondingly. The satisfying values of BER have been observed as 10−14, 10−11, and 10−13 for clear, haze and light rain weather conditions, respectively.
Liquid phase selective oxidation of cyclohexane using gamma alumina doped manganese catalysts and ozone: an insight into reaction mechanism
Authors: Mkhondwane Siphumelele T. , Pullabhotla V. S. R. Rajasekhar
Published: March 2023

In this study, we investigate the oxidation of cyclohexane using various percentages of Mn/γ-Al2O3 catalysts. The catalysts were characterized with various spectroscopic and microscopic techniques. The XRD showed the presence of γ-Al2O3 and MnO only. However, the XPS showed that AlO, AlOH, Mn2O3 and MnO2 also exist. The TEM results of pristine γ-Al2O3 showed characteristics of a spherically shaped material, whereas Mn/γ-Al2O3 catalysts displayed rod shaped particles. The EPR results showed that hydroxide radicals are the main reactive species responsible for the significant oxidation of cyclohexane and the catalysts play a profound role in the generation of hydroxide radicals. The oxidation of cyclohexane was performed for 1 h and the reaction products were analysed using GC-MS and FT-IR in 30 min intervals. The 2.5% Mn/γ-Al2O3 was the most reactive catalyst with a percentage conversion of 33% after 1 h oxidation. The cyclohexanol and the cyclohexanone were the only reaction products obtained. This study exhibited that Mn/γ-Al2O3 catalysts when used in conjunction with ozone are potential replacement for industrially used homogeneous manganese catalysts.
1,4-Divinylphenylene-bridged diruthenium complexes with 2-hydroxypyridine- and 2- or 8-hydroxyquinoline-olate ligands
Authors: Abdel-Rahman Obadah S. , Linseis Michael , Alowais Alaa , Winter Rainer F.
Published: March 2023

Four divinylphenylene-bridged diruthenium complexes [{Ru(CO)(P
i
Pr3)2(L-κ

2
[N,O]
–
)}2(μ-CH=CH-C6H4-CH=CH-1,4)] (2a–2d) with N,O-chelating 2-hydroxypyridine and 2-hydroxy- or 8-hydroxyquinoline ligands are presented. They were studied by NMR spectroscopy, electrochemical methods and, in their neutral and oxidized states, by IR, UV/Vis/NIR and, if applicable, by EPR spectroscopy. The experimental studies are complimented by (TD-)DFT calculations. Our results indicate that the pyridine-olate complexes 2a,b exist as three isomers with a ratio of about 78:20:2 that differ with respect to the orientation of the N and O donors relative to the CO and alkenyl ligands in the equatorial coordination plane. Only the isomer with both imine N donors trans to the alkenyl ligand is observed for complexes 2c,d with quinolinato ligands. All complexes undergo two consecutive, chemically and electrochemically reversible one-electron oxidations at low potentials. Our results indicate strong contributions of the divinylphenylene bridge to the redox processes and an even delocalization of the electron hole and the unpaired spin density over the entire π-conjugated divinylphenylene diruthenium backbone with only minor involvement of the peripherally attached κ

2
[N,O]
–
donor ligands.
Capacity Limits Lead to Information Bottlenecks in Ongoing Rapid Motor Behaviors
Authors: Moulton Richard Hugh , Rudie Karen , Dukelow Sean P. , Benson Brian W. , Scott Stephen H.
Published: March 2023

Studies of ongoing, rapid motor behaviors have often focused on the decision-making implicit in the task. Here, we instead study how decision-making integrates with the perceptual and motor systems and propose a framework of limited-capacity, pipelined processing with flexible resources to understand rapid motor behaviors. Results from three experiments show that human performance is consistent with our framework: participants perform objectively worse as task difficulty increases, and, surprisingly, this drop in performance is largest for the most skilled performers. As well, our analysis shows that the worst-performing participants can perform equally well under increased task demands, which is consistent with flexible neural resources being allocated to reduce bottleneck effects and improve overall performance. We conclude that capacity limits lead to information bottlenecks and that processes like attention help reduce the effects that these bottlenecks have on maximal performance.
Impaired AMPARs Translocation into Dendritic Spines with Motor Skill Learning in the Fragile X Mouse Model
Authors: Suresh Anand , Dunaevsky Anna
Published: March 2023

Motor skill learning induces changes in synaptic structure and function in the primary motor cortex (M1). In the fragile X syndrome (FXS) mouse model an impairment in motor skill learning and associated formation of new dendritic spines was previously reported. However, whether modulation of synaptic strength through trafficking of AMPA receptors (AMPARs) with motor skill training is impaired in FXS is not known. Here, we performedin vivoimaging of a tagged AMPA receptor subunit, GluA2, in layer (L)2/3 neurons in the primary motor cortex of wild-type (WT) andFmr1knock-out (KO) male mice at different stages of learning a single forelimb-reaching task. Surprisingly, in theFmr1KO mice, despite impairments in learning there was no deficit in motor skill training-induced spine formation. However, the gradual accumulation of GluA2 in WT stable spines, which persists after training is completed and past the phase of spine number normalization, is absent in theFmr1KO mouse. These results demonstrate that motor skill learning not only reorganizes circuits through formation of new synapses, but also strengthens existing synapses through accumulation of AMPA receptors and GluA2 changes are better associated with learning than new spine formation.
Bicistronic Expression of a High-Performance Calcium Indicator and Opsin for All-Optical Stimulation and Imaging at Cellular Resolution
Authors: LaFosse Paul K. , Zhou Zhishang , Friedman Nina G. , Deng Yanting , Li Anna J. , Akitake Bradley , Histed Mark H.
Published: March 2023

State-of-the-art all-optical systems promise unprecedented access to neural activityin vivo, using multiphoton optogenetics to allow simultaneous imaging and control of activity in selected neurons at cellular resolution. However, to achieve wide use of all-optical stimulation and imaging, simple strategies are needed to robustly and stably express opsins and indicators in the same cells. Here, we describe a bicistronic adeno-associated virus (AAV) that expresses both the fast and bright calcium indicator jGCaMP8s, and a soma-targeted (st) and two-photon-activatable opsin, ChrimsonR. With this method, stChrimsonR stimulation with two-photon holography in the visual cortex of mice drives robust spiking in targeted cells, and neural responses to visual sensory stimuli and spontaneous activity are strong and stable. Cells expressing this bicistronic construct show responses to both photostimulation and visual stimulation that are similar to responses measured from cells expressing the same opsin and indicator via separate viruses. This approach is a simple and robust way to prepare neuronsin vivofor two-photon holography and imaging.
Role of Piriform Cortex and Its Afferent Projections in Relapse to Fentanyl Seeking after Food Choice-Induced Voluntary Abstinence
Authors: Claypool Sarah M. , Reiner David J. , Behdin Sana , Orihuel Javier , Batista Ashley , Caldwell Kiera E. , Chow Jonathan J. , Bossert Jennifer M. , Rubio F. Javier , Hope Bruce T. , Shaham Yavin
Published: March 2023

We previously demonstrated a role of piriform cortex (Pir) in relapse to fentanyl seeking after food choice-induced voluntary abstinence. Here, we used this model to further study the role of Pir and its afferent projections in fentanyl relapse. We trained male and female rats to self-administer palatable food pellets for 6 d (6 h/day) and fentanyl (2.5 µg/kg/infusion, i.v.) for 12 d (6 h/day). We assessed relapse to fentanyl seeking after 12 voluntary abstinence sessions, achieved through a discrete choice procedure between fentanyl and palatable food (20 trials/session). We determined projection-specific activation of Pir afferents during fentanyl relapse with Fos plus the retrograde tracer cholera toxin B (injected into Pir). Fentanyl relapse was associated with increased Fos expression in anterior insular cortex (AI) and prelimbic cortex (PL) neurons projecting to Pir. We next used an anatomical disconnection procedure to determine the causal role of these two projections (AI→Pir and PL→Pir) in fentanyl relapse. Contralateral but not ipsilateral disconnection of AI→Pir projections decreased fentanyl relapse but not reacquisition of fentanyl self-administration. In contrast, contralateral but not ipsilateral disconnection of PL→Pir projections modestly decreased reacquisition but not relapse. Fluorescence-activated cell sorting and quantitative PCR data showed molecular changes within Pir Fos-expressing neurons associated with fentanyl relapse. Finally, we found minimal or no sex differences in fentanyl self-administration, fentanyl versus food choice, and fentanyl relapse. Our results indicate that AI→Pir and PL→Pir projections play dissociable roles in nonreinforced relapse to fentanyl seeking versus reacquisition of fentanyl self-administration after food choice-induced voluntary abstinence.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTWe previously showed a role of Pir in fentanyl relapse after food choice-induced voluntary abstinence in rats, a procedure mimicking human abstinence or a significant reduction in drug self-administration because of the availability of alternative nondrug rewards. Here, we aimed to further characterize the role of Pir in fentanyl relapse by investigating the role of Pir afferent projections and analyzing molecular changes in relapse-activated Pir neurons. We identified dissociable roles of two Pir afferent projections (AI→Pir and PL→Pir) in relapse to fentanyl seeking versus reacquisition of fentanyl self-administration after voluntary abstinence. We also characterized molecular changes within Pir Fos-expressing neurons associated with fentanyl relapse.
Identification of Sodium- and Chloride-Sensitive Sites in the Slack Channel
Authors: Xu Jie , Lv Yan-Tian , Zhao Xiao-Yun , Wang Jing-Jing , Shen Zhong-Shan , Li Jian , Zhang Fei-Fei , Liu Jing , Wang Xiao-Hui , Xu Yun , Geng Qi , Ding Yi-Tong , Xu Jing-Jing , Tan Meng-Jiao , Li Zhi-Xiao , Wang Ran , Chen Jian , Sun Wen , Cui Meng , Logothetis Diomedes E. , Cao Jun-li , Tang Qiong-Yao , Zhang Zhe
Published: March 2023

The Slack channel (KCNT1, Slo2.2) is a sodium-activated and chloride-activated potassium channel that regulates heart rate and maintains the normal excitability of the nervous system. Despite intense interest in the sodium gating mechanism, a comprehensive investigation to identify the sodium-sensitive and chloride-sensitive sites has been missing. In the present study, we identified two potential sodium-binding sites in the C-terminal domain of the rat Slack channel by conducting electrophysical recordings and systematic mutagenesis of cytosolic acidic residues in the rat Slack channel C terminus. In particular, by taking advantage of the M335A mutant, which results in the opening of the Slack channel in the absence of cytosolic sodium, we found that among the 92 screened negatively charged amino acids, E373 mutants could completely remove sodium sensitivity of the Slack channel. In contrast, several other mutants showed dramatic decreases in sodium sensitivity but did not abolish it altogether. Furthermore, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations performed at the hundreds of nanoseconds timescale revealed one or two sodium ions at the E373 position or an acidic pocket composed of several negatively charged residues. Moreover, the MD simulations predicted possible chloride interaction sites. By screening predicted positively charged residues, we identified R379 as a chloride interaction site. Thus, we conclude that the E373 site and the D863/E865 pocket are two potential sodium-sensitive sites, while R379 is a chloride interaction site in the Slack channel.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe research presented here identified two distinct sodium and one chloride interaction sites located in the intracellular C-terminal domain of the Slack (Slo2.2, KCNT1) channel. Identification of the sites responsible for the sodium and chloride activation of the Slack channel sets its gating property apart from other potassium channels in the BK channel family. This finding sets the stage for future functional and pharmacological studies of this channel.
FACER FALAR A ESPAZOS MUDOS: METODOLOXÍA ARQUEOLÓXICA PARA O ESTUDO DO CASO DO CASTELO DO FARO (COVELO, PONTEVEDRA)
Authors: Costa-García José Manuel , Vicente García Víctor , Alonso Toucido Francisco , Fonte João , Otero Vilariño Carlos , Díaz Jiménez Sara
Published: March 2023

Este traballo presenta os resultados preliminares da intervención arqueolóxica desenvolvida en 2022 no Castelo do Faro, o xacemento arqueolóxico situado a maior altitude da provincia de Pontevedra (1148 m s.n.m.). Este recinto fortificado non se caracteriza pola monumentalidade das súas estruturas arqueolóxicas ou pola abundancia de cultura material, factores que dificultan o seu encadre cronolóxico e que en boa medida se relacionan coa escasa potencia estratigráfica que adoitan presentar os cumios das montañas. Tal feito obriga ao desenvolvemento de metodoloxías que combinen diversas técnicas e ferramentas co fin de optimizar a obtención de información arqueolóxica relevante. Así, no marco deste proxecto explorouse o potencial e limitacións de varios métodos de teledetección e prospección xeofísica conxuntamente con aproximacións máis estendidas na disciplina, como as prospeccións artefactuais e por metalodetección, a escavación de sondaxes exploratorias ou a toma de mostras para datación absoluta por métodos físico-químicos (14C e OSL). A correcta adscrición crono-funcional deste sitio resulta relevante para avanzar no coñecemento das paisaxes arqueolóxicas de alta montaña en Galicia.
Comparative study of acid hydrolysis of lignin and polysaccharides in biomasses
Authors: Carvalho Danila Morais de , Colodette Jorge Luiz
Published: March 2023

Effects of different acid hydrolysis conditions were studied relative to the chemical transformations of lignin in eucalyptus, sugarcane bagasse, and sugarcane straw, and on the transformations of multiple polysaccharides in eucalyptus. The acid hydrolysis using 12 mol/L sulfuric acid followed by acid hydrolysis using approximately 0.41 mol/L sulfuric acid was used as the reference for the lignin and sugar analysis. During acid hydrolysis, the relative amount of lignin increased with longer reaction times and/or greater acid concentrations for all biomasses. The overestimation of lignin in harsher acidic conditions resulted from the summation of lignocellulosic-derivatives (pseudo-lignin) together with lignin itself. Lignin reactions (dissolution/deposition) for bagasse and straw occurred in a greater extent than for eucalyptus, considering similar conditions of acid hydrolysis. The sugar transformation during acid hydrolysis was also investigated for eucalyptus. The sugar content quantified in eucalyptus decreased as the acid concentration and/or reaction time in the second hydrolysis increased. Glucose, galactose, and mannose were more resistant to harsher acidic conditions than xylose and arabinose. However, the most severe conditions (121 ºC, 90 min, and 6.15 mol/L H2SO4) caused complete sugar degradation.
Mechanical properties of pulp delignified by deep eutectic solvents
Authors: Škulcová Andrea , Majová Veronika , Šima Jozef , Jablonský Michal
Published: March 2023

Mechanical properties were evaluated for pulp delignified by four deep eutectic solvents (DES). The DES systems were based on choline chloride and lactic acid (1:9), oxalic acid:dihydrate (1:1), malic acid (1:1), and the system alanine:lactic acid (1:9). The results indicated that the type of DES system used influenced the delignified pulp’s mechanical properties including tensile, burst and tear indexes, tensile length, and stiffness. The most suitable DES systems were choline chloride:malic acid (1:1) and alanine:lactic acid (1:9), which achieved the best aforementioned mechanical properties compared to the other DES systems. The weakest performance in the process of pulp delignification was the system with choline chloride and oxalic acid dihydrate (1:1).
Improvement of red pigment production during biomembrane surface cultivation of Penicillium novae-zelandiae by supplementing with corn straw
Authors: Li Ping , Zhao Guowei , Zhang Kun , Wang Hailei
Published: March 2023

Corn straw was used to improve the productivity of a red pigment during the biomembrane surface liquid cultivation of Penicillium novae-zelandiae. Both the dosage and particle size of corn straw powder had a significant effect on the fermentation period and pigment yield. After the optimization, the maximum yield of synthesised red pigment reached 0.43 g/L per day on day 9, which was 2.3 times higher than the initial productivity obtained by biomembrane surface cultivation without corn straw. An analysis on the mechanism suggested that corn straw shortened the fermentation period by providing the support for the growth of P. novae-zelandiae spores and biomembrane formation. Amino acids, including phenylalanine and tyrosine, released by corn straw, were the key reason for the improvement in the pigment yield. In addition, the increase of reducing sugars in the fermentation broth, due to the hydrolysis of cellulose and hemicellulose by the hydrolytic enzymes secreted by P. novae-zelandiae, provided a carbon source for fungal growth that might also be beneficial to pigment production.
Wood-based corrugated core sandwich panels manufactured using a wooden mold
Authors: Mohammadabadi Mostafa , Miller Jordan , Street Jason , Kim Yunsang , Ragon Kevin
Published: March 2023

A wooden matched-die mold was manufactured to develop wood-based corrugated panels. Wood veneers brushed with resin were cold pressed between the mold halves and formed into a corrugated geometry. The corrugated panels were used as a core and bonded to flat veneer-based facesheets to develop sandwich panels. The whole manufacturing process involved a cold-forming technique that allowed panels to be produced with no heat. Specimens cut from both corrugated and sandwich panels were submitted to a four-point bending test to evaluate their structural performance. Adopting the same number of layers used to make the sandwich panels, flat panels were fabricated and tested to find the effect of this corrugated geometry and cold-forming process on the load-carrying capacity of the sandwich structures. A comparison with flat panels made with the same stacking of veneers showed an increase of 272% of the bending stiffness of the sandwich panels, which is known as the sandwich effect. Comparison between the bending results of the panels developed in this study with those manufactured using thermoset resin and hot-pressing technique indicated that the cold-forming process using the wooden mold is an effective and inexpensive method to develop wood-based corrugated sandwich panels.
All-cellulose composites fabricated by in-situ welding
Authors: Gan Meixue , Tian Lang , Chen Yiruo , Xin Jieting , Si Hui , Xie Yimin , Feng Qinghua
Published: March 2023

As a consequence of increasingly serious environmental problems, many researchers are highlighting biomass materials. Cellulose, the most abundant bioresource, is becoming a key consideration for alleviating environmental pollution. Characterization of cellulosic materials is fundamental to exploring their structures and elemental contents. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) are frequently employed to study the structure of cellulose. Thus, it is urgent to combine traditional means with new ones. This study focused on the characterization of the all-cellulose composites (ACCs) model prepared via partially dissolving filter paper using 40% benzyltrimethylammonium hydroxide (BzMe3NOH) aqueous solution. Characterized by SEM, XRD, Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, the unique transformation from cellulose I to cellulose II of the ACCs model was explored. These characterization methods exhibited respective features, which could be universal ways to investigate ACCs.
Waste heat recovery and utilization of cement rotary kiln based on biomass energy
Authors: Liu Enhai , Jiang Yine , Guo Zhanghui , Qian Yingzhi , Yan Ran , Wang Yu , Wang Shuaipeng
Published: March 2023

A rotary kiln is a central piece of equipment for the calcination of clinker in the production of cement. Biomass energy has been applied to rotary kilns, and solar energy has been introduced to assist the energy supply. Coupled optimization results for biomass energy and solar energy applications are compared to the single fossil energy used in the base period. A field survey and statistical analysis and integration of cement clinker production sites in China’s Central Plains Economic Zone revealed a negative linear correlation between the consumption of raw coal in the cement production process and the environmental temperature and humidity parameters of the production lines. The energy consumption is large and the energy utilization of the system is low, with goodness of fit of R=0.962. Coupled solar and biomass energy use in the audit period and single energy use in the base period comparison revealed a 19.5% reduction in electricity consumption, a 25.4% reduction in coal consumption and a 4.39% increase in heavy oil consumption. From 2017 to 2020, the average annual consumption cost of electricity and raw coal decreased, while the average annual consumption cost of heavy fuel oil slowly increased. After verification during the audit period, compared with the base period, the total production cost of the case enterprise can be reduced approximately 5.17%, in which the energy cost decreased 0.9%.
Polychoral compositions of Mikołaj Zieleński
Authors: Viskova Irina
Published: March 2023

The heyday of the art of polychoral composition in European musical culture falls on the middle of the 17th century. The style originated in the churches of western and central Italy. It united a whole generation of young Polish composers educated in Venice and Rome. One of them is the famous Polish composer Mikolaj Zielenski. In musical style Zielenski follows the traditions of late Renaissance polyphony. His compositions mark the beginning of a long period of influence of Italian style on Polish music. Until today the question remains open, where the composer got acquainted with the Venetian technique of writing multi-choir music. The composer could master the polychoral style without leaving Poland. The polychoral style was then very widespread thanks to the activities of Italian musicians throughout Europe.All of Zielenski 's works known today were published in Venice in 1611. The first of these, Offertoria totius anni, includes multi-choir compositions similar to Giovanni Gabrieli's Sacrae symphoniae. The collection contains 55 compositions, the last of which is the Magnificat for three choirs. Mikolaj Zielenski 's Magnificat can be considered a classical composition for three choirs. In terms of stylistic and compositional features, it follows Italian traditions, in connection with which it is often compared with Giovanni Gabrieli's Magnificat.The history of polychoral style is one of the most interesting pages in the history of European musical culture. The Venetian style influenced the music of Central and Eastern Europe, including Russian musical culture.
Quantum energy transfer through electric current conductor
Authors: Ivanov Konstantin
Published: March 2023

At present time the concept of an electric current of a conductor does not correspond to physical essence of the phenomenon. It is considered to be, that the electric current on a conductor is transmitted by moving electrons that is by material particles. But the matter motion at transmission of electric energy on a conductor has been never fixed. It is considered to be, that electron comes off one atom and passes to other atom. However the detach of electron from atom can occur only by ionization or an exposure, and in a conductor with a current such exposure (even the instant) does not leave any traces. Transmission of electric energy through a current conductor is accompanied by thermal energy output. However now the reasonable explanation of thermal energy output is absent. It is offered to present an electric current on the basis of the quantum theory as a transmission of energy by matter particles without matter motion and without ionization and also to explain the thermal energy output at electric current passing through conductor.
Nuclear energy and sustainable development
Authors: Davy Manyika Kabuswa , Banda Peter Jairous , Morris Manyika Kambeu , Matindih Levy Kahyata
Published: March 2023

The dependency on combustion of coal, oil and gas for energy cannot be indefinite. Thus, the process of replacing fossil fuels with many energy technologies cannot be avoided in order to combat this high dependency. Nevertheless, we argue that in the long term, nuclear fission technology is the answer to the ever increasing demand for energy. This entails that nuclear fission has to play a major role in suppling energy in this age and beyond. In achieving this, the major aspect is in switching electrical energy generation from fossil fuels to nuclear fission. This cannot be achieved in a short period of time but in few decades citing France as an example.1 This energy transformation campaign is capable of reducing emissions of carbon dioxide as well as other greenhouse gases at a large scale. In view of this, replacement of coal-fired with gas-fired generating stations will not significantly reduce greenhouse gases emissions. What about the other energy sources such as wind and solar? These may not be an ultimate answer as they will be hard pressed in supply and may fall short in energy supply at very high scale. This is because they depend on backup power or energy storage hence not able to meet the ever growing high demand of energy. Therefore, this paper focuses on the current status of nuclear energy. It also discusses the future prospects of nuclear energy and the activities of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA).
До теорії стійкості розривних динамічних систем
Authors: Мартинюк А.А.
Published: March 2023

Диференціальні рівняння з розривною правою частиною застосовуються в задачах управління рухом, у дослідженні систем із змінною структурою, в аналізі систем автоматичного регулювання з ковзним ре- жимом тощо. У статті викладено деякі результати дослідження стійкості, отримані для вказаного класу систем на основі методу матричнозначних функцій Ляпунова. Ці результати сформульовано в термінах знаковизначеності спеціальних матриць, які використовуються для оцінки зміни функції Ляпунова і її узагальненої похідної.
The effect of liquid bound by microparticles (ions) on the membrane selectivity
Authors: Poliakov V.L.
Published: March 2023

Notion “critical concentration” was introduced for membrane processes, and a formula was proposed to calculate it. A mathematical problem of steady-state convective-diffusive mass transfer within the layer of concentration polarization was formulated and exactly solved, taking into account the hydration of microparticles (ions). For numerous examples, analyses were performed to estimate the effect of hydration and mass transfer parameters on the concentration of suspended microparticles at the membrane surface and its selectivity for uniform impurity.
Адсорбція конго червоного на гідроущільнених кремнеземах А-300 та його суміші з гідрофобним кремнеземом АМ1-300
Authors: Клименко Н.Ю. , Крупська Т.В. , Туров В.В.
Published: March 2023

Досліджено адсорбцію аніонного барвника конго червоного залежно від рН водного розчину на поверхні гідроущільнених гідрофільних кремнеземів марки А-300 з різною насипною густиною та композита А-300/АМ1-300. Встановлено, що максимальна адсорбція барвника на поверхні досліджених зразків спостерігається в кислому розчині (рН 3,5) внаслідок електростатичного притягання молекул барвника до поверхні. Зі збільшенням величини рН до 8,5 адсорбція конго червоного значно зменшується за рахунок конкуренції гідроксильних іонів з аніонними групами барвника за адсорбційні центри на поверхні кремнезему. Показано, що композитна система на основі суміші гідрофільного та гідрофобного кремнеземів виявляє високу адсорбційну здатність щодо аніонного барвника в широкому діапазоні рН розчину. Композит А-300/ АМ1-300 при рН 5,5 має в 3,6 і 5,7 раза вищу адсорбцію порівняно з кремнеземами А-300 з насипною густи- ною 300 та 175 г/л відповідно. При рН 8,5 гранична адсорбція композита А-300/АМ1-300 в 2,0 та 6,6 раза вища, ніж на поверхні А-300 з насипною густиною 175 та 300 г/л відповідно.
The religious and legal dimension of the russian war against Ukraine against the background of social and state transformations xx—xxi centuries
Authors: BUCHMA Oleg
Published: March 2023

The article defines the nature of the Russian war against Ukraine in the context of social and state transformations of the 20th — 21st centuries. It is emphasized that this is a war of different worlds, mentalities, worldviews, ways of life, values, etc., which has been going on for many centuries in various forms (direct and mediated, open and veiled, hot and cold). The role of the religious-legal factor in the Russian war against Ukraine at various stages of Ukrainian state formation (periods of the Ukrainian People’s Republic, Soviet, modern) is revealed. It is emphasized that it was during the time of the Ukrainian People’s Republic that the legal basis for the organization of the Ukrainian Local Orthodox Church, confessional differentiation and the establishment of freedom of conscience and interconfessional tolerance in Ukrainian society was created. Emphasized attention is paid to the fact that in the Soviet period, the Russian war against Ukraine continued in a new, veiled, hidden, invisible (at first glance) form with the active use of the religious factor. The results of this period have been determined, namely: rampant militant/ scientific atheism, radical extermination, Russification of Ukrainian Orthodoxy, liquidation of the Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church and the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church, etc. Special attention is paid to the Soviet secular/political religion (Marxism-Leninism) as a key basis for the implementation of an aggressive policy regarding the historical memory and cultural identity of the Ukrainian people and a manipulative tool for the destruction of Ukrainian history, culture, worldview, nation, state and law in the information, hybrid, total, full-scale and other Russia’s wars against Ukraine. The article substantiates that improved legislation with an effective legal mechanism for its implementation, a strong civil society with developed institutions, including the institution of religion (church), adequate guarantees of religious rights and freedoms are important factors in ensuring state, national, religious security and victory of Ukraine (at the current stage) in the war waged against it by the Russian Federation.
Silage quality and bacterial diversity of silages inoculated with Listeria monocytogenes and Lacticaseibacillus paracasei_6714
Authors: Barboza Natalia , Brenes-Guillén Laura , Uribe Lidieth , WingChing-Jones Rodolfo
Published: March 2023

Introduction: King grass (Cenchrus purpureus (Schumach.) Morrone, syn. Pennisetum purpuphoides) and pineapple peel (Ananas comosus) silages are food alternatives for livestock in conditions of feed shortage. Objective: To describe the dynamics of the microbiota present in king grass and pineapple silage during the fermentation process using next generation sequencing (NGS) and to evaluate the protective effect of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei_6714 as a silage inoculum against Listeria monocytogenes. Methods: We used an unrestricted randomized design to characterize the microbiota present in silages made from king grass harvested 70 days after regrowth and pineapple peel. We inoculated mixtures of grass and peel with L. paracasei_6714 or L. monocytogenes, or both, with a non-inoculated treatment as control. The nutritional and fermentative profile was evaluated after 30 days. After 15 and 30 days of fermentation, we used 16S rRNA analysis to determine the dynamics and diversity of the microbiota in the inoculated and control silages. Result: Dry matter content and digestibility did not differ significantly; however, there were differences in crude protein, pH and organic acids. We obtained 4432 amplicon sequence variants of Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Bacterioidetes, Actinobacteria, Verrucomicrobia, Planctomycetes and Patescibacteria. The relative abundance of each phylum varied depending on the material and fermentation period. Phylum similarity was over 70 % (but not greater than 50 % with Bray-Curtis at the species level). Conclusion: These bacterial communities seem to have an important role during silage fermentation. Proper management of silage processing can reduce or eliminate pathogenic bacteria.
Assessing of the common strengthening methods for existing RC buildings
Authors: Sultan Hussein Kareem , Mohammed Alaa T.
Published: March 2023

The technical and economic effects of the two methods of retrofitting with buckling restrain bracing and using concrete shear wall were investigated. The results of this study showed that using reinforcement, the amount of target displacement in the models was significantly reduced and it was observed that the concrete shear wall had a greater impact on the structure in this regard. The reinforcement methods used in this research have a significant impact on improving the technical performance of structures, which has been more in the strengthening method with concrete shear wall. Also, the evaluations showed that despite the fact that the shear wall of reinforced concrete has a better effect on the performance of the structure from a technical point of view, but in terms of weight, it can be seen that using a buckling brace can be more economical.
Exclusion and inclusion in peer groups
Authors: Goico Sara , Goodwin M H
Published: March 2023

We consider practices of exclusion and ridicule in peer groups in two distinct cultural contexts and with participants with distinct sensory access to the world. First, we consider exclusionary acts in a multiethnic girls’ peer group spanning fourth- to sixth-graders in a progressive Southern California school in the United States. We then consider interactions in a peer group consisting of deaf and hearing peers in a fourth-grade classroom in Iquitos, Peru. Our work uses ethnographic fieldwork, including videotaping, to make available the moment-by-moment interactive processes through which exclusion and ridicule are accomplished. This research also constitutes one of very few comparative studies of exclusionary practices, making comparisons across cultural contexts with respect to sensorial access to the world.
Effective Task Instruction in the First Year of School: What Teachers and Children Do
Authors: Deunk Marjolein
Published: March 2023

Effective Task Instruction in the First Year of School: What Teachers and Children Do Ilana Mushin, Rod Gardner, and Claire Gourlay (Routledge, 2022)
Exploring Language Assessment and Testing: Language in Action Anthony Green (2021)
Authors: Taylor Lynda
Published: March 2023

Exploring Language Assessment and Testing: Language in Action Anthony Green (2021) (2nd edition) New York: Routledge. Pp. 306ISBN: 9781138388772 (hbk) ISBN: 9781138388789 (pbk) ISBN: 9781003105794 (eBook)
Infrastructure project selection automation using non-structural fuzzy decision support system II
Authors: Hansen Seng , Suryadibrata Alethea , Hansun Seng
Published: March 2023

In this study, we develop a web-based Decision-Making Tool (DMT) based on a four-year research project in building the proper multiple criteria Decision-Making Framework (DMF) for infrastructure project selection automation. Several challenges in selecting and prioritizing infrastructure projects include poor front-end planning, lack of project funding, improper investment, unsustainable development, regulatory barriers, and poor coordination among stakeholders. The Non-Structural Fuzzy Decision Support System II (NSFDSS-II) is chosen as the main method applied in the proposed DMF since it could resolve complex multi-criteria problems, even without sufficient information provided. When developing the DMT, Agile software development method is used since the development cycle can be run in a light and fast manner with iterative and incremental processes. The DMT is successfully developed by using PHP, HTML, and JavaScript which implement the proposed NSFDSS-II method. We further tested the decision results from the DMT by using eight real past infrastructure projects from relevant infrastructure agencies in Indonesia, such as the Ministry of Public Works and Housing (MPWH), the Ministry of Transportation, and the Local Government. The DMT outcomes were compared with the actual implementation status and evaluated by an independent expert. It was found that the decision results from the developed DMT are in accordance with the real implementation status of evaluated projects. The DMT is recommended to be used for infrastructure project selection automation. However, despite of its fast and accurate result, the DMT should be tested on larger number of infrastructure projects in the future
Analysis of the thermal characteristics of the paraffin wax/high-density polyethylene (HDPE) composite as a form-stable phase change material (FSPCM) for thermal energy storage
Authors: Rahmalina Dwi , Zada Almira Rahma , Soefihandini Herni , Ismail Ismail , Suyitno Budhi Muliawan
Published: March 2023

The present work is specifically focused on the form stability of paraffin as a phase change material (PCM) through the addition of high-density polyethylene (HDPE). The aim of adding HDPE is to obtain a stable form of paraffin during the phase transition. Moreover, improving the performance of PCM leads to an advanced operation of the latent heat storage unit with an excellent charging duration and response time. The study uses HDPE at a ratio of 5 wt %, 10 wt % and 15 wt %. The results indicate significant differences between the form-stable PCM (FSPCM) and pure paraffin. For instance, the supercooling degree is decreased with the addition of HDPE, where paraffin has a supercooling degree of 8.01 °C while FSPCM with 15 wt % HDPE has a supercooling degree of 3.73 °C. The latent heat of fusion by adding 10 wt % and 15 wt % HDPE is slightly decreased by 1.85 %, which is much lower compared to adding 5 wt % HDPE, which reduces the latent heat of fusion by about 6.02 %. Adding HDPE leads to a faster charging process and a better response time during the discharging process. The charging rate is increased significantly by adding 15 wt % HDPE with a substantial increment of around 40 % with an average charging rate of 2.39 °C/min. The heat release during the discharging process is increased for FSPCM with 5 wt % HDPE where the temperature drops by more than 70 °C within 20 minutes. The findings indicate that adding HDPE contributed positively to reducing the supercooling degree and providing a steady phase transition. Thus, the heat exchange process of paraffin is more favorable, which improves the performance of the latent heat storage unit. Furthermore, the operation can be improved significantly by providing a faster charging and discharging process
Damage formations of ramie fiber composites multilayer armour system under high-velocity impacts
Authors: Mujiyono Mujiyono , Nurhadiyanto Didik , Mukhammad Alaya Fadllu Hadi , Riyadi Tri Widodo Besar , Wahyudi Kristanto , Kholis Nur , Wulandari Asri Peni , Hassan Shukur bin Abu
Published: March 2023

Multilayer armour system (MAS) becomes the best choice in reinforcing protection for military officers against projectile attack which has a high velocity of up to 7.62×51 mm NATO ball lead core (projectile level III NIJ standard) or AP 7.62×51 mm hard steel core (projectile level IV NIJ standard). This study aimed to analyze the damage formation of wolfram carbide (WC) ceramic and ramie fiber composites. The frontmost MAS uses WC ceramic and is enveloped by a back layer of ramie fiber composites with epoxy resin reinforcing material as the matrix. Ballistic testing was carried out in this study using a long-barreled rifle to determine the resistance of the MAS from projectile impact. The speed meter in ballistic testing uses a velocity sensor type light screen B 471 and clay witness is used to measure back face signature (BFS). The results show that 7.62 lead core and hard steel core projectiles were unable to penetrate the 3-layer ceramic MAS in the front. The results are marked by a relatively low BFS value of 1.45 and 1.17 mm, so that the energy in the MAS with 3 ceramic layer is absorbed efficiently but with the phenomenon of rupture ceramic failure. Ceramic rupture failure needs to be overcome by bonding several layers of ramie so that MAS can be used in the next stage. MAS with 1 and 2 ceramic layers are unable to withstand projectile level III and level IV NIJ standard. From these results it is known that the MAS limit can withstand the projectile level III and IV NIJ standard, namely MAS with 3 ceramic layers. The damage formation of ceramic was rupturing ceramic failure. Therefore, it is necessary to design a ceramic binder by placing some ramie fibers in front of the ceramic