bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Highly Active Polymer‐Supported (Salen)Al Catalysts for the Enantioselective Addition of Cyanide to α,β‐Unsaturated Imides
Authors: Madhavan Nandita , Weck Marcus
Published: February 2008

In this contribution, we describe polymer‐supported (R,R)‐(salen)AlCl complexes that were immobilized on poly(norbornene)s and display excellent activities and enantioselectivies as catalysts for the 1,4‐conjugate addition of cyanide to α,β‐unsaturated imides. These supported catalysts could be recycled up to 5 times without compromising catalyst activities or selectivities. Furthermore, the catalyst loadings could be reduced from 10–15 mol%, the common catalyst loadings for non‐supported (salen)Al catalysts, to 5 mol%, a decrease of metal content by 50–66%, without lowering product yields or enantioselectivities. Kinetic studies indicated that the polymer‐supported catalysts are significantly more active than their corresponding unsupported analogues, which makes this catalyst system key to a successful implementation of this catalytic transformation into the fine chemical and pharmaceutical industries.
A labor theoretic approach to information retrieval
Authors: Warner Julian
Published: February 2008

This article synthesizes the labor theoretic approach to information retrieval. Selection power is taken as the fundamental value for information retrieval and is regarded as produced by selection labor. Selection power remains relatively constant while selection labor modulates across oral, written, and computational modes. A dynamic, stemming principally from the costs of direct human mental labor and effectively compelling the transfer of aspects of human labor to computational technology, is identified. The decision practices of major information system producers are shown to conform with the motivating forces identified in the dynamic. An enhancement of human capacities, from the increased scope of description processes, is revealed. Decision variation and decision considerations are identified. The value of the labor theoretic approach is considered in relation to preexisting theories, real‐world practice, and future possibilities. Finally, the continuing intractability of information retrieval is suggested.
Digital preparedness versus the digital divide: A confusion of means and ends
Authors: James Jeffrey
Published: February 2008

Composite indexes of digital preparedness, such as the Networked Readiness Index (NRI) and the Digital Opportunity Index (DOI), have caused a great deal of confusion in the more general literature on the digital divide. For whereas one would expect preparedness to be an input into the utilization of information technologies (the digital divide), the recent indicators add inputs and outputs, or means and ends. I suggest instead two separate indexes for means and ends, which can be more usefully related to one another in terms of productivity (one index divided by the other), or as dependent and independent variables (one index in a functional relationship to the other).
Lipase catalyzed synthesis of ester‐based surfactants from biomass derivatives
Authors: Karmee Sanjib Kumar
Published: February 2008

Non‐ionic surfactants find a unique place in pharmaceutical, detergent, food, and cosmetic industries because of their ready availability from biomass, low cost, and renewability. Generally these surfactants are esters obtained from the reaction of glycerol, L‐ascorbic acid, and sugar, with long or medium chain fatty acids. Problems encountered during the synthesis of these surfactants are the immiscibility of highly polar substrates in organic solvents and non‐regioselective reaction. Therefore, lipases as a catalyst and t‐butanol or acetone, a mixture of solvent and ionic liquid as solvents, have been used for the synthesis of ester‐based surfactants. This review focuses on the uses of lipases for the synthesis of surfactants obtained from biomass derivatives viz. fats and oils, sugar and vitamin‐C. © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Rotating versus perfusion bioreactor for the culture of engineered vascular constructs based on hyaluronic acid
Authors: Arrigoni Chiara , Chittò Annalisa , Mantero Sara , Remuzzi Andrea
Published: February 2008

It is generally accepted that dynamic culture conditions are required for vascular tissue engineering. We compared the effects of two dynamic culture systems, a perfusion and a rotating bioreactor, using tubular constructs based on hyaluronic acid seeded with porcine aortic smooth muscle cells (SMC), that we recently showed to be adequate for the generation of vascular tissue. In perfused constructs mechanical stimulation importantly affected cell morphology, increased the incidence of cell proliferation and reduced apoptosis. However, extracellular matrix deposition, cytoskeletal organization and mechanical properties were poor. In rotated constructs cell proliferation was also higher and apoptosis lower than in static controls. Rotated constructs showed the highest ultimate stress and the lowest elastic modulus. Our data indicate that the rotating bioreactor is more efficient than the perfusion bioreactor and we then suggest that this method can be considered a valid alternative to complex bioreactor systems described in the literature. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2008;100: 988–997. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Metabolic capacity estimation of Escherichia coli as a platform for redox biocatalysis: constraint‐based modeling and experimental verification
Authors: Blank Lars M. , Ebert Birgitta E. , Bühler Bruno , Schmid Andreas
Published: February 2008

Whole‐cell redox biocatalysis relies on redox cofactor regeneration by the microbial host. Here, we applied flux balance analysis based on the Escherichia coli metabolic network to estimate maximal NADH regeneration rates. With this optimization criterion, simulations showed exclusive use of the pentose phosphate pathway at high rates of glucose catabolism, a flux distribution usually not found in wild‐type cells. In silico, genetic perturbations indicated a strong dependency of NADH yield and formation rate on the underlying metabolic network structure. The linear dependency of measured epoxidation activities of recombinant central carbon metabolism mutants on glucose uptake rates and the linear correlation between measured activities and simulated NADH regeneration rates imply intracellular NADH shortage. Quantitative comparison of computationally predicted NADH regeneration and experimental epoxidation rates indicated that the achievable biocatalytic activity is determined by metabolic and enzymatic limitations including non‐optimal flux distributions, high maintenance energy demands, energy spilling, byproduct formation, and uncoupling. The results are discussed in the context of cellular optimization of biotransformation processes and may guide a priori design of microbial cells as redox biocatalysts. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2008;100: 1050–1065. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Azotobacter vinelandii Metal Storage Protein: “Classical” Inorganic Chemistry Involved in Mo/W Uptake and Release Processes
Authors: Schemberg Jörg , Schneider Klaus , Fenske Dirk , Müller Achim
Published: February 2008

The release of Mo (as molybdate) from the Mo storage protein (MoSto), which is unique among all existing metalloproteins, is strongly influenced by temperature and pH value; other factors (incubation time, protein concentration, degree of purity) have minor, though significant effects. A detailed pH titration at 12 °C revealed that three different steps can be distinguished for the Mo‐release process. A proportion of ∼15 % at pH 6.8–7.0, an additional 25 % at pH 7.2–7.5 and ca. 50 % (up to 90 % in total) at pH 7.6–7.8. This triphasic process supports the assumption of the presence of different types of molybdenum‐oxide‐based clusters that exhibit different pH lability. The complete release of Mo was achieved by increasing the temperature to 30 °C and the pH value to >7.5. The Mo‐release process does not require ATP; on the contrary, ATP prevents, or at least reduces the degree of metal release, depending on the concentration of the nucleotide. From this point of view, the intracellular ATP concentration is suggested to play—in addition to the pH value—an indirect but crucial role in controlling the extent of Mo release in the cell. The binding of molybdenum to the apoprotein (reconstitution process) was confirmed to be directly dependent on the presence of a nucleotide (preferably ATP) and MgCl2. Maximal reincorporation of Mo required 1 mM ATP, which could partly be replaced by GTP. When the storage protein was purified in the presence of ATP and MgCl2 (1 mM each), the final preparation contained 80 Mo atoms per protein molecule. Maximal metal loading (110–115 atoms/MoSto molecule) was only achieved, if Mo was first completely released from the native protein and subsequently (re‐) bound under optimal reconstitution conditions: 1 h incubation at pH 6.5 and 12 °C in the presence of ATP, MgCl2 and excess molybdate. A corresponding tungsten‐containing storage protein (“WSto”) could not only be synthesized in vivo by growing cells, but could also be constructed in vitro by a metalate–ion exchange procedure by using the isolated MoSto protein. The high W content of the isolated cell‐made WSto (∼110 atoms/protein molecule) and the relatively low amount of tungstate that was released from the protein under optimal “release conditions”, demonstrates that the W‐oxide‐based clusters are more stable inside the protein cavity than the Mo‐oxide analogues, as expected from the corresponding findings in polyoxometalate chemistry. The optimized isolation of the W‐loaded protein form allowed us to get single crystals, and to determine the crystal X‐ray structure. This proved that the protein contains remarkably different types of polyoxotungstates, the formation of which is templated in an unprecedented process by the different protein pockets. (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2007, 46, 2408–2413).
ChemInform Abstract: A Facile Synthetic Method of α‐Quaternary‐β,γ‐unsaturated Aldehydes via the Stereoselective 1,4‐Elimination and α‐Regioselective Ferrier Reaction.
Authors: Tayama Eiji , Hashimoto Ryo
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Enantioselective and cis‐Diastereoselective Cyclopropanation of Olefins Catalyzed by Ruthenium Complexes of (Iminophosphoranyl)ferrocenes.
Authors: Hoang Vo D. M. , Reddy Pattubala A. N. , Kim Tae‐Jeong
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A Novel Approach for Ligand Promoted Palladium (II)‐Catalyzed Suzuki Coupling of Aryl Iodides and Bromides with Arylboronic Acid in Aqueous Media.
Authors: Pawar Shivaji S. , Shingare Murlidhar S. , Thore Shivaji N.
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Bismuth Aluminate: A New High‐Tc Lead‐Free Piezo‐/ferroelectric.
Authors: Zylberberg Joel , Belik Alexei A. , Takayama‐Muromachi Eiji , Ye Zuo‐Guang
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Magnetic Structure Study of Antiferromagnet NpPtGa5 by Neutron Diffraction.
Authors: Jonen S. , Metoki N. , Yamamoto E. , Homma Y. , Aoki D. , Shiokawa Y. , Onuki Y.
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Magnetization and Specific Heat Measurement of the Shastry—Sutherland Lattice Compounds: Ln2BaPdO5 (Ln: La, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Dy, Ho).
Authors: Ozawa T. C. , Taniguchi T. , Kawaji Y. , Mizusaki S. , Nagata Y. , Noro Y. , Samata H. , Mitamura H. , Takayanagi S.
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: The Al—B—Nb—Ti System. Part 1. Re‐Assessment of the Constituent Binary Systems B—Nb and B—Ti on the Basis of New Experimental Data.
Authors: Witusiewicz V. T. , Bondar A. A. , Hecht U. , Rex S. , Velikanova T. Ya.
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Direct Atomic Scale Observation of Linkage Isomerization of As4S4 Clusters During the Photoinduced Transition of Realgar to Pararealgar.
Authors: Naumov Pance , Makreski Petre , Jovanovski Gligor
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Honeycomb Layer of Cobalt(II) Azide Hydrazine Showing Weak Ferromagnetism.
Authors: Wang Xiu‐Teng , Wang Zhe‐Ming , Gao Song
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Diastereoselective and Enantioselective Direct Organocatalytic anti‐Selective Mannich Reactions Employing N‐Tosylimines.
Authors: Cheng Lili , Han Xiao , Huang Huiming , Wong Ming Wah , Lu Yixin
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Exceptionally Active Yttrium—Salen Complexes for the Catalyzed Ring Opening of Epoxides by TMSCN and TMSN3.
Authors: Saha Biswajit , Lin Mei‐Huey , RajanBabu T. V.
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Aerobic Oxidation of Phosphines, Phosphites, and Sulfides by Using Trialkylborane.
Authors: Motoshima Kosuke , Sato Akinori , Yorimitsu Hideki , Oshima Koichiro
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Magnetically Recoverable Heterogeneous Catalyst: Palladium Nanocluster Supported on Hydroxyapatite‐Encapsulated γ‐Fe2O3 Nanocrystallites for Highly Efficient Dehalogenation with Molecular Hydrogen.
Authors: Hara Takayoshi , Kaneta Tomohiro , Mori Kohsuke , Mitsudome Takato , Mizugaki Tomoo , Ebitani Kohki , Kaneda Kiyotomi
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Manifold for the Morita Reaction: Diene Synthesis from Simple Aldehydes and Acrylates/Acrylonitrile Mediated by Phosphines.
Authors: Palmelund Anders , Myers Eddie L. , Tai Lik Ren , Tisserand Steve , Butts Craig P. , Aggarwal Varinder K.
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Ruthenium Catalysts for Carbenoid Intramolecular C—H Insertion of 2‐Diazoacetoacetamides and Diazomalonic Ester Amides.
Authors: Grohmann Markus , Maas Gerhard
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Microwave‐Assisted Carbamoylation of Amines.
Authors: Azzena Ugo , Dettori Giovanna , Pisano Luisa , Pittalis Mario
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of N‐[4‐Hydroxy(alkoxy, acyloxy)‐3‐alkoxybenzylidene]‐1‐(1‐adamantyl)ethanamines from 1‐(1‐Adamantyl)ethanamine Hydrochloride (Rimantadine)
Authors: Dikusar E. A. , Kozlov N. G.
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Solvent‐Free Reactions of Alcohols with β‐Dicarbonyl Compounds Catalyzed by Iron(III) Chloride.
Authors: Yuan Yu , Shi Zhuangzhi , Feng Xuan , Liu Xiangnong
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: New Trifluoromethylated Derivatives of [60]Fullerene, C60(CF3)n with n = 12 and 14
Authors: Omelyanyuk Nadezhda A. , Goryunkov Alexey A. , Tamm Nadezhda B. , Avdoshenko Stanislav M. , Ioffe Ilya N. , Sidorov Lev N. , Kemnitz Erhard , Troyanov Sergey I.
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Biomimetic Alkene Epoxidation and Alkane Hydroxylation with Sodium Periodate Catalyzed by Mn(III)‐Salen Supported on Amberlite IRA‐200.
Authors: Mirkhani Valiollah , Moghadam Majid , Tangestaninejad Shahram , Bahramian Bahram
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: An Expeditious Synthesis of Substituted Pyrrolidines and Tetrahydrofurans Starting from Baylis—Hillman Adducts.
Authors: Gowrisankar Saravanan , Kim Hoo Sook , Lee Hyun Seung , Kim Jae Nyoung
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Mono‐ and Bis‐C‐Glycosylated 2,3,4‐Trisubstituted 1H‐Pyrroles as Cyclo‐ and Acyclo‐C‐Nucleoside Analogues.
Authors: Alonso‐Cruz Carmen R. , Freire Raimundo , Rodriguez Maria S. , Suarez Ernesto
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient and Practical Synthesis of 4(5)‐Aryl‐1H‐imidazoles and 2,4(5)‐Diaryl‐1H‐imidazoles via Highly Selective Palladium‐Catalyzed Arylation Reactions.
Authors: Bellina Fabio , Cauteruccio Silvia , Rossi Renzo
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Piperidine Derivatives by Reduction of Pyridinium Salts.
Authors: Tang Zilong , Mayrargue Joelle , Alami Mouad
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Functionalized 1,2‐Dihydroisoquinolines via Multicomponent One‐Pot Reaction of 2‐Alkynylbenzaldehyde, Amine, Zinc, and Allylic Bromide or Benzyl Bromide.
Authors: Gao Ke , Wu Jie
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Pictet—Spengler‐Type Cyclizations of Hydroxylactams: H‐Bond Donor Catalysis by Anion Binding.
Authors: Raheem Izzat T. , Thiara Parvinder S. , Peterson Emily A. , Jacobsen Eric N.
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of the Potassium Channel Opener (3S,4R)‐3,4‐Dihydro‐4‐ (2,3‐dihydro‐2‐methyl‐3‐oxo‐pyridazin‐6‐yl)oxy‐3‐hydroxy‐6‐ (3‐hydroxyphenyl)sulfonyl‐2,2,3‐trimethyl‐2H‐benzo[b]pyran.
Authors: Magano Javier , Acciacca Allison , Beylin Vladimir , Spence Julie , Dunn Peter , Hughes Mike
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: 5‐Cinnamoyl‐ and 5‐(Ethoxycarbonyl)‐6‐styryl Derivatives of 4‐Aryl‐3,4‐dihydropyrimidin‐2(1H)‐ones
Authors: Kolosov Maksim A. , Orlov Valeriy D. , Vashchenko Valeriy V. , Shishkina Svetlana V. , Shishkin Oleg V.
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Microwave‐Assisted, Palladium‐Catalyzed Intramolecular Direct Arylation for the Synthesis of Novel Fused Heterocycles.
Authors: Wu Jinlong , Nie Liang , Luo Jialu , Dai Wei‐Min
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 1H‐1,5‐Benzodiazepine Derivatives and Pyridinylquinoxalines with Heterocyclic Ketones.
Authors: Jung Dai‐il , Song Ju‐hyun , Kim Yong‐hwan , Lee Do‐hun , Lee Yong‐gyun , Park Yu‐mi , Choi Soon‐kyu , Hahn Jung‐tai
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Pyrrolo‐ and Pyrido[1,2‐a]xanthene[1,9‐de]azepines: A Study of the Azepine Ring Construction.
Authors: de la Fuente M. Carmen , Dominguez Domingo
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: The Mannich Reaction in the Synthesis of N,S‐Containing Heterocycles. Part 4. Aminomethylation of 6‐Amino‐3,5‐dicyano‐1,4‐dihydropyridine‐2‐thiolates: A Convenient Regioselective Route to 3,5,7,11‐Tetraazatricyclo[7.3.1.02,7]tridec‐2‐ene Derivatives.
Authors: Dotsenko V. V. , Krivokolysko S. G. , Chernega A. N. , Litvinov V. P.
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Conformationally Constrained Glutamic Acid Homologues and Investigation of Their Pharmacological Profiles.
Authors: Conti Paola , Pinto Andrea , Tamborini Lucia , Grazioso Giovanni , De Sarro Giovambattista , Braeuner‐Osborne Hans , Szabo Geza , Harsing Laszlo Gabor , De Micheli Carlo
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Protecting Group and Solvent Effects in Electrochemical Glycosylation.
Authors: Drouin Ludovic , Compton Richard G. , Fietkau Nicole , Fairbanks Antony J.
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Cyclohexylethanoids from the Flower of Campsis grandiflora
Authors: Kim Dong‐Hyun , Han Kyung‐Min , Bang Myun‐Ho , Lee Youn‐Hyung , Chung In‐Sik , Kim Dae‐Keun , Kim Sung‐Hoon , Kwon Byoung‐Mog , Park Mi‐Hyun , Baek Nam‐In
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A Facile Synthesis of Mollugin (III)
Authors: Jung Hee Wook , Oh Joon Seok , Lee Seung Ho , Liang Jiang Lu , Kim Dong Hyeon , Rahman A. F. M. Motiur , Jahng Yurngdong
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Ionic Liquids via Efficient, Solvent‐Free Anion Metathesis
Authors: Vu Peter D. , Boydston Andrew J. , Bielawski Christopher W.
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Oxidation of N‐Heterocyclics: A Green Approach
Authors: Sivasubramanian Ganarajan , Parameswaran Veembil Ramachandran
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Supported Catalysts: Immobilisation of Tailor‐Made Homogeneous Catalysts
Authors: Reek J. N. H. , Van Leeuwen P. W. N. M. , Van Der Ham A. G. J. , De Haan A. B.
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Homogeneous Catalysis—Advantages and Problems
Authors: Cole‐Hamilton D. J. , Tooze R. P.
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Rotaxane and Catenane Structures Involving Cyclodextrins
Authors: Yannakopoulou Konstantina , Mavridis Irene M.
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: The 6‐Methoxymethyl Derivative of Pyrrolo‐dC for Selective Fluorometric Detection of Guanosine‐Containing Sequences
Authors: Hudson Robert H. E. , Choghamarani Arash Ghorbani
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthetic Use of Epoxy‐Sugar Nucleosides
Authors: Tanaka Hiromichi , Kubota Yutaka , Takeda Shingo , Haraguchi Kazuhiro
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Fluorinated 7‐Deazapurine 2′‐Deoxyribonucleosides: Modification at the Nucleobase and the Sugar Moiety
Authors: Seela Frank , Xu Kuiying , Chittepu Padmaja , Ming Xin
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Biologically‐Validated HIV Integrase Inhibitors with Nucleobase Scaffolds: Structure, Synthesis, Chemical Biology, Molecular Modeling, and Antiviral Activity
Authors: Nair Vasu , Uchil Vinod , Chi Guochen , Dams Iwona , Cox Arthur , Seo Byung
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Isonucleosides: Design and Synthesis of New Isomeric Nucleosides with Antiviral Potential
Authors: Nair Vasu , Piotrowska Dorota G. , Okello Maurice , Vadakkan Jean
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Emerging Strategies in Catalysis
Authors: Claver Carmen
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Aromatics with a Twist
Authors: Herges Rainer
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Commonly cited website quality criteria are not effective at identifying inaccurate online information about breast cancer
Authors: Bernstam Elmer V. , Walji Muhammad F. , Sagaram Smitha , Sagaram Deepak , Johnson Craig W. , Meric‐Bernstam Funda
Published: February 2008

BACKGROUND

Consumers increasingly consult the Internet for breast cancer information. Concerned about accuracy, multiple organizations developed quality criteria for online content. However, the effectiveness of these tools is unknown. The authors determined whether existing quality criteria can identify inaccurate breast cancer information online.

METHODS

The authors identified 343 unique webpages by using 15 breast cancer‐related queries on 5 popular web search‐engines. Each page was assessed for 15 quality criteria and 3 website characteristics, link type (sponsored or not), search engine used to find the page, and domain extension. Two clinician‐reviewers independently assessed accuracy and topics covered. The authors then determined whether quality criteria, website characteristics, and topics were associated with the presence of inaccurate statements.

RESULTS

The authors found 41 inaccurate statements on 18 webpages (5.2%). No quality criteria or website characteristic, singly or in combination, reliably identified inaccurate information. The total number of quality criteria met by a website accounted for a small fraction of the variability in the presence of inaccuracies (point biserial r = −0.128; df = 341; P = .018; r2 = 0.016). However, webpages containing information on complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) were significantly more likely to contain inaccuracies compared with pages without CAM information (odds ratio [OR], 15.6; P < .001).

CONCLUSIONS

Most breast cancer information that consumers are likely to encounter online is accurate. However, commonly cited quality criteria do not identify inaccurate information. Webpages that contain information about CAM are relatively likely to contain inaccurate statements. Consumers searching for health information online should still consult a clinician before taking action. Cancer 2008. © 2008 American Cancer Society.
Generation of highly suppressive adaptive CD8+CD25+FOXP3+ regulatory T cells by continuous antigen stimulation
Authors: Mahic Milada , Henjum Karen , Yaqub Sheraz , Bjørnbeth Bjørn Atle , Torgersen Knut Martin , Taskén Kjetil , Aandahl Einar Martin
Published: February 2008

Continuous antigen stimulation of CD4+CD25– T cells leads to generation of adaptive CD4+CD25+FOXP3+ regulatory T (TR) cells. Here, we show that highly suppressive adaptive CD8+CD25+FOXP3+ T cells can be generated in the same manner by continuous antigen stimulation in the presence of CD14+ monocytes. During the course of stimulation, acquisition of immunosuppressive properties develops in parallel with up‐regulation and expression of cytotoxic molecules. The CD8+ TR cells inhibit CD4+ and CD8+ T cell proliferation and cytokine production, but do not alter the expression of granzyme A and granzyme B or perforin in CD8+ effector T cells. Although, the CD8+ TR cells express prostaglandin E2, IL‐10 and TGF‐β, the mechanism of suppression was independent of these soluble factors. In contrast to adaptive CD4+ TR cells, the CD8+ TR cells suppress mainly by a contact‐dependent mechanism as evident from transwell experiments. However, neither blocking antibodies to CTLA‐4, CD80 nor CD86 could reverse CD8+ TR‐mediated suppression, indicating that other mechanism(s) must be employed by these cells.
Single‐dose immunogenicity and protective efficacy of simian adenoviral vectors against Plasmodium berghei
Authors: Reyes‐Sandoval Arturo , Sridhar Saranya , Berthoud Tamara , Moore Anne C. , Harty John T. , Gilbert Sarah C. , Gao Guangping , Ertl Hildegund C. J. , Wilson James C. , Hill Adrian V. S.
Published: February 2008

Simian adenoviral vectors (SAd) offer an attractive alternative to standard human adenovirus serotype 5 (AdH5) subunit vaccination, due to pre‐existing immunity affecting vaccine performance. We have used a mouse model of liver‐stage malaria to test the efficiency of three chimpanzee‐origin adenoviral vectors, AdC6, AdC7 and AdC9 containing ME.TRAP as an insert. AdC7 and AdC9 elicited strong immunogenicity (∼20% of CD8+ T cells in spleen), equivalent to or outperforming AdH5 and inducing sterile protection in 92% (C9), 83% (H5 and C7) and 67% (C6) of the mice, providing the first evidence of single‐dose protection to Plasmodium berghei. Protection was afforded by the SAd despite high levels of pre‐existing immunity to AdH5. Phenotypic analysis showed that all adenoviral vectors (Ad) elicited CD8+ T cell responses with an effector memory T cell (TEM) phenotype. By contrast, vaccination with poxviral vectors did not confer protection to P. berghei and induced a predominantly CD8+ central memory T cell (TCM) response. Multifunctional CD8+ T cell responses (co‐expressing IFN‐γ, TNF‐α and IL‐2) were also induced by the Ad in higher percentages than the poxviral vectors. Our data suggest that TEM cells are important as a first line of defense against fast‐replicating pathogens such as murine Plasmodium and demonstrate the potential of replication‐defective SAd as future malaria vaccines for humans.
Cellular uptake of C4b‐binding protein is mediated by heparan sulfate proteoglycans and CD91/LDL receptor‐related protein
Authors: Spijkers Patricia P. , Denis Cécile V. , Blom Anna M. , Lenting Peter J.
Published: February 2008

C4b‐binding protein (C4BP) is a protein acting as a complement inhibitor and a carrier protein for anticoagulant protein S. Previously, we reported that the in vivo clearance of C4BP involves CD91, and that a CD91‐interactive site overlaps the heparin‐binding site within C4BP α‐chains 26. Here, we investigated the C4BP‐CD91 interaction in more detail. Binding of C4BP to CD91 was unaffected by protein S, which associates with C4BP β‐chain. Second, mutagenesis of cationic residues within C4BP α‐chains impaired CD91 binding, reducing the affinity of triple mutant C4BPα/R39Q‐R64Q‐R66Q by 20‐fold (Kd= 10 nM versus 214 nM for wild‐type and mutant C4BP, respectively). Accordingly, intracellular degradation of this mutant by CD91‐expressing cells was reduced to levels of CD91‐deficient cells. Moreover, C4BPα/R39Q‐R64Q‐R66Q displayed a 3‐fold prolonged survival compared to normal C4BP in in vivo clearance experiments. Since these residues also contribute to heparin binding, we explored the role of heparin‐sulfate proteoglycans (HSPG) in the endocytosis of C4BP. The absence of HSPG was associated with a near complete absence of cell binding and intracellular degradation of C4BP. Apparently, the cellular uptake of C4BP depends on both HSPG and CD91, involving interactions with positively charged residues within C4BP α‐chain.
High‐temperature pre‐conditioning of rapeseed: A polyphenol‐enriched oil and the effect of refining
Authors: Zacchi Pablo , Eggers Rudolf
Published: February 2008

In this work, a pretreatment process for rapeseeds, which involves the use of high‐temperature steam, is presented. This method, besides accomplishing the beneficial effects of the conventional industrial thermal treatment, leads to an enrichment of some important minor compounds (polyphenols and phosphatides) in the resulting oil. Rapeseeds were pretreated at different operative conditions. Then, the seeds were pressed and the press‐cake was solvent extracted. The obtained oils were then refined by both chemical and physical refining techniques, and the influence of each refining step on the content of minor compounds was evaluated. The results show that the amounts of polyphenols and phospholipids present in the oil coming from pretreated seeds increase and that their concentrations depend on the conditioning time. The polyphenols present in the oil correspond mostly to 2,6‐dimethoxy‐4‐vinylphenol (vinylsyringol). The content of polyphenols was only slightly reduced during degumming. Neutralization resulted in a complete removal of these minor compounds. For the physical refining process, the type and amount of bleaching clay used had a significant influence on the content of polyphenols. After deodorization, oil samples with a considerable amount of polyphenols were obtained. These samples show a higher oxidative stability than chemically refined oils.
Effect of Joule heating on electrokinetic transport
Authors: Cetin Barbaros , Li Dongqing
Published: February 2008

The Joule heating (JH) is a ubiquitous phenomenon in electrokinetic flow due to the presence of electrical potential gradient and electrical current. JH may become pronounced for applications with high electrical potential gradients or with high ionic concentration buffer solutions. In this review, an in‐depth look at the effect of JH on electrokinetic processes is provided. Theoretical modeling of EOF and electrophoresis (EP) with the presence of JH is presented and the important findings from the previous studies are examined. A numerical study of a fused‐silica capillary PCR reactor powered by JH is also presented to extend the discussion of favorable usage of JH.
Association of chromosome band 8q22 copy number gain with high grade invasive breast carcinomas by assessment of core needle biopsies
Authors: Walker Logan C. , Harris Gavin C. , Wells J. Elisabeth , Robinson Bridget A. , Morris Christine M.
Published: February 2008

Genetic analysis of breast tumor core needle biopsies may provide early diagnostic information that is useful to direct subsequent clinical management. We report metaphase comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) analysis of 42 core needle biopsies prospectively sampled from invasive ductal breast carcinomas of 41 patients, and show that recurrent chromosomal copy number changes are associated with histologically defined tumor features. As far as is known, this is the first time CGH profiles from diagnostic breast tumor core needle biopsies have been reported in association with pathological data in such detail. A comparison of Grade 1 (n = 7), Grade 2 (n = 16), and Grade 3 tumors (n = 19) revealed a chromosomal copy number gain involving 8q22 that was associated with higher grade (1/7 vs. 16/19, respectively) and therefore altered cell differentiation status. CGH results were validated using tumor touch imprints prepared from a subgroup from the same sample set (n = 18) by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and two probes selected from regions of interest within 8p21 and 8q22. Overall concordance between CGH and FISH for 8p21 and 8q22 imbalances was 9/18 (50%) and 12/18 (67%), respectively. When FISH and CGH data were combined, and tumors classified according to better defined resected tumor histology available for 34cases, 19/19 Grade 3 tumors showed 8q22 gain compared with 0/6 Grade 1 tumors and 4/9 Grade 2 tumors. Further comprehensive studies are required to verify the biological significance of this association and its potential to facilitate early clinicopathological assessment of breast cancer. This article contains Supplementary Material available at http://www.interscience.wiley.com/jpages/1045‐2257/suppmat. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.