bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Teams and Teamwork in Cancer Care Delivery: Shared Mental Models to Improve Planning for Discharge and Coordination of Follow-Up Care
Authors: Page Jenna S. , Lederman Lynne , Kelly Jamie , Barry Maura M. , James Ted A.
Published: October 2016

This article discusses the potential for shared mental models to improve teamwork during discharge planning and follow-up care. A 58-year-old inpatient on the hematology care unit of an academic medical center was discharged to his community after initial treatment of acute myeloid leukemia, without a clear plan for either discharge or follow-up. This case highlights the challenges faced by the primary oncology care team, the patient’s community health-care team, the patient, and his caregiver, because a formal plan for follow-up care after discharge was not in place. The lack of communication within the oncology care team and between the medical center and community care teams that leads to the gap in continuity of care between inpatient and outpatient oncology settings could be addressed at least in part by establishing a shared mental model. This model would require all individuals involved in patient care to recognize they are part of a team. Furthermore, all members of the interdisciplinary discharge team need to understand their own roles and responsibilities as well as those of the other team members, including the need for communication and how their roles and activities affect those of other team members. Tools such as huddles, checklists, and patient education could be used to help the team recognize and achieve its goals. Ideally, this shared mental model could be extended to include the community health-care team, leading to a more fluid transition between inpatient and outpatient care, improving patient satisfaction, and likely improving patient outcomes.
The History of the Follicular Variant of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma
Authors: Tallini Giovanni , Tuttle R. Michael , Ghossein Ronald A.
Published: October 2016

Context:

This review provides historical context to recent developments in the classification of the follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma (FVPTC). The evolution of the diagnostic criteria for papillary thyroid carcinoma is described, clarifying the role of molecular analysis and the impact on patient management.

Methods:

A PubMed search using the terms “follicular variant” and “papillary thyroid carcinoma” covering the years 1960 to 2016 was performed. Additional references were identified through review of the citations of the retrieved articles.

Results:

The encapsulated/well-demarcated, noninvasive form of FVPTC that occurs annually in 45,000 patients worldwide was thought for 30 years to be a carcinoma. Many studies have shown almost no recurrence in these noninvasive tumors, even in patients treated by surgery alone without radioactive iodine therapy. The categorization of the tumor as outright cancer has led to aggressive forms of treatment, with their side effects, financial costs, and the psychological and social impacts of a cancer diagnosis. Recently, the encapsulated/well-demarcated, noninvasive FVPTC was renamed as noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features. The new terminology lacks the carcinoma label, enabling clinicians to avoid aggressive therapy.

Conclusions:

By understanding the history of FVPTC, future classification of tumors will be greatly improved.
A reporter model to visualize imprinting stability at the Dlk1 locus during mouse development and in pluripotent cells
Authors: Swanzey Emily , Stadtfeld Matthias
Published: October 2016

Genomic imprinting results in the monoallelic expression of genes that encode important regulators of growth and proliferation. Dysregulation of imprinted genes, such as those within the Dlk1-Dio3 locus, is associated with developmental syndromes and specific diseases. Our ability to interrogate causes of imprinting instability has been hindered by the absence of suitable model systems. Here, we describe a Dlk1 knock-in reporter mouse that enables single-cell visualization of allele-specific expression and prospective isolation of cells, simultaneously. We show that this ‘imprinting reporter mouse’ can be used to detect tissue-specific Dlk1 expression patterns in developing embryos. We also apply this system to pluripotent cell culture and demonstrate that it faithfully indicates DNA methylation changes induced upon cellular reprogramming. Finally, the reporter system reveals the role of elevated oxygen levels in eroding imprinted Dlk1 expression during prolonged culture and in vitro differentiation. The possibility to study allele-specific expression in different contexts makes our reporter system a useful tool to dissect the regulation of genomic imprinting in normal development and disease.
Constitutive expression of microRNA-150 in mammary epithelium suppresses secretory activation and impairs de novo lipogenesis
Authors: Heinz Richard E. , Rudolph Michael C. , Ramanathan Palani , Spoelstra Nicole S. , Butterfield Kiel T. , Webb Patricia G. , Babbs Beatrice L. , Gao Hongwei , Chen Shang , Gordon Michael A. , Anderson Steve M. , Neville Margaret C. , Gu Haihua , Richer Jennifer K.
Published: October 2016

Profiling of RNA from mouse mammary epithelial cells (MECs) isolated on pregnancy day (P)14 and lactation day (L)2 revealed that the majority of differentially expressed microRNA declined precipitously between late pregnancy and lactation. The decline in miR-150, which exhibited the greatest fold-decrease, was verified quantitatively and qualitatively. To test the hypothesis that the decline in miR-150 is crucial for lactation, MEC-specific constitutive miR-150 was achieved by crossing ROSA26-lox-STOP-lox-miR-150 mice with WAP-driven Cre recombinase mice. Both biological and foster pups nursed by bitransgenic dams exhibited a dramatic decrease in survival compared with offspring nursed by littermate control dams. Protein products of predicted miR-150 targets Fasn, Olah, Acaca, and Stat5B were significantly suppressed in MECs of bitransgenic mice with constitutive miR-150 expression as compared with control mice at L2. Lipid profiling revealed a significant reduction in fatty acids synthesized by the de novo pathway in L2 MECs of bitransgenic versus control mice. Collectively, these data support the hypothesis that a synchronized decrease in miRNAs, such as miR-150, at late pregnancy serves to allow translation of targets crucial for lactation.
Zika virus infection disrupts neurovascular development and results in postnatal microcephaly with brain damage
Authors: Shao Qiang , Herrlinger Stephanie , Yang Si-Lu , Lai Fan , Moore Julie M. , Brindley Melinda A. , Chen Jian-Fu
Published: October 2016

Zika virus (ZIKV) infection of pregnant women can result in fetal brain abnormalities. It has been established that ZIKV disrupts neural progenitor cells (NPCs) and leads to embryonic microcephaly. However, the fate of other cell types in the developing brain and their contributions to ZIKV-associated brain abnormalities remain largely unknown. Using intracerebral inoculation of embryonic mouse brains, we found that ZIKV infection leads to postnatal growth restriction including microcephaly. In addition to cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of NPCs, ZIKV infection causes massive neuronal death and axonal rarefaction, which phenocopy fetal brain abnormalities in humans. Importantly, ZIKV infection leads to abnormal vascular density and diameter in the developing brain, resulting in a leaky blood–brain barrier (BBB). Massive neuronal death and BBB leakage indicate brain damage, which is further supported by extensive microglial activation and astrogliosis in virally infected brains. Global gene analyses reveal dysregulation of genes associated with immune responses in virus-infected brains. Thus, our data suggest that ZIKV triggers a strong immune response and disrupts neurovascular development, resulting in postnatal microcephaly with extensive brain damage.
Identification of cofactors influencing hypertrophy of the future liver remnant after portal vein embolization—the effect of collaterals on embolized liver volume
Authors: Zeile Martin , Bakal Artur , Volkmer Jan E , Stavrou Gregor A , Dautel Philip , Hoeltje Jan , Stang Axel , Oldhafer Karl J , Brüning Roland
Published: October 2016

Objective:

The purpose of this retrospective study was to monitor hypertrophy of future liver remnant following portal vein embolization (PVE) before planned extended right hepatectomy. However, because individual responses to PVE are highly variable, our focus was to identify cofactors of successful hypertrophy.

Methods:

28 patients with primary or secondary liver tumours, mean age 64.1 ± 12.9 years, underwent PVE. Volumetric analysis of hypertrophy before and after PVE (median 39.0 ± 15.7 days) was performed. The embolized liver segments were investigated for occurrence of reperfusion of their portal branches. Blood parameters before PVE were additionally investigated.

Results:

Patients were divided into responders (21/28) and non-responders (7/28) by post-PVE standardized future liver remnant being above or below 25%, respectively. No significant differences between the groups were found regarding biometric and volumetric parameters before PVE. In the entire group after PVE, the mean absolute increase of Segments 2 and 3 was 196.0 ± 84.7 cm3 and the median relative increase was 46.6 ± 98.8%. The formation of left to right hepatic portoportal collaterals exhibited a negative correlation to successful hypertrophy (p = 0.004) as well as low plasma total protein (p = 0.019). Successful embolization of Segment IV showed only a trend to significance (p = 0.098).

Conclusion:

Cofactors associated with a favourable outcome regarding hypertrophy were the absence of collaterals in the control CT scans and high plasma total protein.

Advances in knowledge:

Portoportal collaterals negatively influence hypertrophy after PVE. On the other hand, plasma total protein is a positive prognostic indicator on hypertrophy of the liver in our cohort.
Aprendizagem empreendedora para inovação: estudo de casos de pequenas empresas do programa ALI
Authors: Fortes Gustavo Passos , Lopes Carla Cristine Silva , Teixeira Rivanda Meira
Published: October 2016

Embora evidente a influência do processo de aprendizagem na geração e implementação de inovações bem como o impacto da inovação na aprendizagem empreendedora, ainda são emergentes os estudos empíricos que relacionem os dois temas. Este estudo teve como objetivo principal analisar como os empreendedores participantes do programa agentes locais de inovação-ALI, desenvolvido pelo SEBRAE, aprenderam a inovar observando-se especificamente, os modos de aprendizagem experiencial, formal, por network e vicarious learning. Foi realizado por meio de um estudo de casos múltiplos, com dois casos de sucesso do programa Agentes Locais de inovação-ALI. Após a descrição individual foi realizada análise comparativa dos casos em que foram destacadas as semelhanças e diferenças com relação a cada modo de aprendizagem definidos como os mais relevantes.  Com base nas evidências verificou-se que os diversos modos de aprendizagem empreendedora foram identificados e que esses tipos de aprendizagem empreendedora contribuíram para suas inovações empresariais.
La comprensión del valor de posición en el desempeño matemático de niños
Authors: Medina Rodríguez Diego Alonso
Published: October 2016

Este artículo presenta una revisión de los hallazgos teóricos más significativos obtenidos por estudios sobre la comprensión del valor de posición numérico en niños. La discusión realizada caracteriza y define el valor de posición, describe las habilidades y exigencias cognitivas relacionadas con la comprensión de este principio e identifica los tipos de instrumentos más representativos para su evaluación, diagnóstico e intervención, así como el análisis de algunos modelos teóricos que explican el desarrollo de la comprensión del valor de posición. Los estudios revisados proponen que la comprensión del valor de posición implica la adquisición de estructuras conceptuales y procedimentales específicas, afectando el desempeño matemático de los niños, así como la escritura de numerales arábigos. Actualmente, la investigación del valor de posición intenta develar cómo ocurre el procesamiento numérico de este principio en numerales multidígitos
Perfil de suicidas chilenos vía análisis de contenido de notas póstumas
Authors: CEBALLOS-ESPINOZA FRANCISCO , CHAVEZ-HERNANDEZ ANA MARIA
Published: October 2016

En Chile anualmente mueren aproximadamente 2 000 personas por suicidio. La tasa de 11,3 suicidios lo ubica como país de alto riesgo. Objetivo: identificar características de personalidad y cognoscitivas del grupo de suicidas de Chile que dejaron nota suicida, realizando un análisis de su contenido. Método: estudio de campo, descriptivo y ex post facto. Se analizaron todos los casos de suicidio registrados del 2010 al 2012 por la Policía de Investigaciones de Chile, localizándose 203 notas de 96 suicidas. Se aplicó el método de interjueces y la guía de categorías de Darbonne para el análisis de contenido. Resultados: la edad promedio de los suicidas fue 44,2 años (SD = 18,53). La mayoría de las notas fueron dirigidas a familiares (51,7%). Las razones para el suicidio más comúnmente expresadas fueron maritales o interpersonales (24,6%); otro 23,6% expresó una falta de sentido para vivir (incluyendo desesperanza, depresión, deseos de morir y baja autoestima). El contenido más frecuente fueron instrucciones (sobre dinero, hijos o funeral). Todas las notas mostraron un curso de pensamiento lógico y fueron escritas con coherencia y claridad. Notablemente, 42% de las notas tenía afectos positivos, amor y dependencia de otros. En cuanto a actitudes, las más comunes fueron de escape o despedida (42,4%), seguidas por fatalismo, desesperanza, frustración y cansancio (40%). En las diferentes categorías de análisis (razones manifiestas para el suicidio, sentimientos, actitudes, afectos y enfoque general de la nota) se encontraron 24 diferencias significativas según cohortes de edad, estado civil y sexo. Conclusiones: los resultados coadyuvan para crear el perfil del suicida chileno y para la implementación de programas de prevención del suicidio.
Respuestas psicofisiológicas ante estímulos asociados al tabaco: Diferencias entre fumadores y no fumadores
Authors: Gantiva Carlos , Ballén Yeraldín , Casas María , Camacho Katherine
Published: October 2016

Las respuestas emocionales y motivacionales son fundamentales para explicar el inicio y mantenimiento del consumo de tabaco, sin embargo, los resultados con respecto a las diferencias en fumadores y no fumadores de las respuestas psicofisiológicas que sirven como marcadores neurofisiológicos de procesos emocionales y motivacionales presentan resultados contradictorios. El objetivo de esta investigación fue identificar las diferencias en las respuestas psicofisiológicas ante estímulos asociados al tabaco en fumadores y no fumadores, para esto se registró el reflejo de sobresalto y la respuesta galvánica de la piel mientras observaban imágenes apetitivas, neutrales, aversivas y asociadas al tabaco. Los resultados muestran que los fumadores inhiben el reflejo de sobresalto ante las imágenes asociadas al tabaco de forma similar que ante las imágenes apetitivas, adicionalmente, se encontró en los fumadores una mayor inhibición del reflejo de sobresalto ante las imágenes de tabaco. No se encontraron diferencias en la respuesta galvánica de la piel. Estos resultados sugieren que los fumadores activan el sistema motivacional apetitivo ante los estímulos asociados al tabaco.
Leitura crítica dos procedimentos estatísticos aplicados no campo da psicologia
Authors: Rondini Carina Alexandra , Paulillo Thaís Souza , Martinhão Viviane Suzano , Marinheiro Bianca Molica , Martins Raul Aragão
Published: October 2016

Presentamos una lectura crítica del uso y la aplicación de la estadística en artículos científicos de psicología, señalando las principales dificultades de su aplicabilidad. Investigando la base de datos Biblioteca Virtual en Salud BVS Psicología ULAPSI Brasil, y utilizando las palabras clave “estadística” y “psicología”, encontramos 24 artículos que adoptaban estadística básica para la colecta y análisis de sus datos. A través del estudio bibliográfico y del análisis de contenido, identificamos las posibles fallas en el empleo de la estadística, observando los ítems: definición correcta de la muestra/población, presentación y justificación de los test estadísticos escogidos, empleo correcto de los test y análisis adecuado de los resultados. Verificamos que 21 artículos dejaron de presentar por lo menos una información estadística relevante; 9 demostraron claramente la muestra; 9 definieron un método estadístico para el análisis de los resultados y justificaron su utilización; 12 no describieron el método utilizado; 18 hicieron sus análisis correctamente. La adopción inadecuada o ineficiente de la estadística puede llevar a conclusiones precipitadas o incluso equivocadas de los resultados. Un uso cuidadoso y atento de la estadística garantiza una producción científica coherente y responsable con los hechos estudiados.
Influence of Formal Academic Leadership Programs on Undergraduates' Leadership Mindset: An Assessment of a Corps of Cadets Program
Authors: Dunn Allison L. , Ho Sarah P. , Odom Summer F. , Perdue Emily R.
Published: October 2016

Students enrolled in a Corps of Cadets program at Texas A&M University [N = 336] were surveyed to examine their leadership mindsets and whether their participation in a formal academic leadership program simultaneously influenced their hierarchical and systemic-thinking preferences. No significant differences were found between students involved in the Corpsof Cadets program only and those enrolled in a formal academic leadership program. Significant differences did exist for gender and classification of students; women scored higher in systemic- thinking and juniors and seniors not enrolled in a formal academic leadership program scored lower in hierarchical-thinking than freshman and sophomore not enrolled in a formal academic leadership program. Students within the formal academic leadership programs have lower hierarchical scores and higher systemic scores than those who are not in a formal academic leadership program.
A Theory Based Model of Interpersonal Leadership: An Integration of the Literature
Authors: Lamm Kevan W. , Carter Hannah S. , Lamm Alexa J.
Published: October 2016

Although the term interpersonal leadership has been well established within the literature, there remains a dearth of theoretically derived models that specifically address the comprehensive nature of the underlying leader behaviors and activities. The intent of the present article is to attempt to synthesize the existent leadership models, behaviors, and factors to arrive at a coherent conceptual model of interpersonal leadership that can inform efficient and effective leadership education programs. The resulting model included 13 primary factors integrated within a hierarchical framework. Leadership educators are recommended to adopt or adapt the proposed model while developing educational curriculum and interventions.
Local Cuts and Two-Period Convex Hull Closures for Big-Bucket Lot-Sizing Problems
Authors: Akartunalı Kerem , Fragkos Ioannis , Miller Andrew J. , Wu Tao
Published: October 2016

Despite the significant attention they have drawn, big-bucket lot-sizing problems remain notoriously difficult to solve. Previous literature contained results (computational and theoretical) indicating that what makes these problems difficult are the embedded single-machine, single-level, multiperiod submodels. We therefore consider the simplest such submodel, a multi-item, two-period capacitated relaxation. We propose a methodology that can approximate the convex hulls of all such possible relaxations by generating violated valid inequalities. To generate such inequalities, we separate two-period projections of fractional linear programming solutions from the convex hulls of the two-period closure we study. The convex hull representation of the two-period closure is generated dynamically using column generation. Contrary to regular column generation, our method is an outer approximation and can therefore be used efficiently in a regular branch-and-bound procedure. We present computational results that illustrate how these two-period models could be effective in solving complicated problems.
Scheduling Crash Tests at Ford Motor Company
Authors: Reich Daniel , Shi Yuhui , Epelman Marina , Cohn Amy , Barnes Ellen , Arthurs Kirk , Klampfl Erica
Published: October 2016

We consider the problem of scheduling crash tests for new vehicle programs at Ford. We describe the development of a comprehensive web-based system that automates time-consuming scheduling analyses through mathematical optimization, while also institutionalizing expert knowledge about the engineering complexities of crash testing. We present a novel integer programming model and a corresponding solution algorithm that quickly generates efficient schedules. The system’s user interface enables engineers to specify key program data and consider multiple scheduling scenarios, while using the underlying optimization model and solution algorithms as a black box.
Integrated Planning for Multiple Types of Locomotive Work Facilities Under Location, Routing, and Inventory Considerations
Authors: Xie Siyang , Chen Xi , Wang Zhaodong , Ouyang Yanfeng , Somani Kamalesh , Huang Jing
Published: October 2016

In North America, thousands of locomotives operating in the railroad network require various types of mechanical work every day. This work may be unscheduled, periodic, or on demand and could be conducted at either a fixed facility or a movable facility. Each facility is characterized by the type of work it can provide. The long-term infrastructure planning of these facilities is vital to the efficiency of the railroad. In this paper, we develop a large-scale mixed-integer mathematical model for infrastructure planning. The model integrates and optimizes decisions about (1) Locations, capabilities, and capacities of fixed facilities, (2) Home locations and routing plans of movable facilities, and (3) Assignments of locomotive work demands to facilities. We propose a decomposition-based heuristic solution framework consisting of several underlying algorithms to solve this large-scale optimization model. Computational results on numerous scenario studies using field data from the railroad industry show that the proposed model and algorithms are capable of providing solutions that are significantly superior to the current practice. The successful application of our methodology to real-world railroad planning has clearly demonstrated the substantial cost-saving benefits of our models on infrastructure planning solutions.
Machine Learning for Predicting Vaccine Immunogenicity
Authors: Lee Eva K. , Nakaya Helder I. , Yuan Fan , Querec Troy D. , Burel Greg , Pietz Ferdinand H. , Benecke Bernard A. , Pulendran Bali
Published: October 2016

The ability to predict how different individuals will respond to vaccination and to understand what best protects individuals from infection greatly facilitates developing next-generation vaccines. It facilitates both the rapid design and evaluation of new and emerging vaccines and identifies individuals unlikely to be protected by vaccine. We describe a general-purpose machine-learning framework, DAMIP, for discovering gene signatures that can predict vaccine immunity and efficacy. DAMIP is a multiple-group, concurrent classifier that offers unique features not present in other models: a nonlinear data transformation to manage the curse of dimensionality and noise; a reserved-judgment region that handles fuzzy entities; and constraints on the allowed percentage of misclassifications.

Using DAMIP, implemented results for yellow fever demonstrated that, for the first time, a vaccine’s ability to immunize a patient could be successfully predicted (with accuracy of greater than 90 percent) within one week after vaccination. A gene identified by DAMIP, EIF2AK4, decrypted a seven-decade-old mystery of vaccination. Results for flu vaccine demonstrated DAMIP’s applicability to both live-attenuated and inactivated vaccines. Results in a malaria study enabled targeted delivery to individual patients.

Our project’s methods and findings permit highlighting and probabilistically prioritizing hypothesis design to enhance biological discovery. Moreover, they guide the rapid development of better vaccines to fight emerging infections, and improve monitoring for poor responses in the elderly, infants, or others with weakened immune systems. In addition, the project’s work should help with universal flu-vaccine design.
HEAVY METALS IN WATERS, PENETRATING THE FOOD, ECOSYSTEMS AND THE ECONOMY OF KOSOVO
Authors: Dreshaj Adem , Millaku Bedri , Selimaj Afrim , Feka Fidan , Kelmendi Muhamet
Published: October 2016

The waters of the oceans and seas play an important role in the hydrological cycle of the Earth. With Kosovo's economic development, increasing population developed many branches of industry, which caused pollution of rivers with heavy metals such as mine "Trepça", the treatment of agriculture products with pesticides and herbicides, eutrophication of lakes, transition metal in agricultural products, coming up ecological balance disorders. Uncontrolled exploitation of natural resources, irresponsible treatment (industrial waste and sewage), has caused contamination above the permitted ecosystem with toxic elements such as: Hg, Pb, Cd, Cu, Zn, Ni, Mn, etc. Heavy metals in natural waters unpolluted behave low concentration (approximately 1μg / l); some of them are essential for enzymatic reactions. Increase their concentration as a result of industrial activities, often exceeds the allowed limit, causing serious changes to cosystems and tourist areas, to living organisms in natural aquatic systems. Ecological preservation of ecosystems from heavy metals is vital for the environment, food security and the preservation of ecological habitats which represents an economic cost in R. Kosovo.
THE ACCOUNTING STANDARDS AND FINANCIAL REPORTING IN ALBANIA
Authors: Shkurti Rezarta , Duraj Brunilda
Published: October 2016

Albania implemented its first set of 14 National Accounting Standards (NAS), which were prepared in compliance with the International Financial Reporting Standards, in 2009. The 15th standard, specifically the Accounting Standard for financial reporting by micro-entities, was added to this set in 2011 and a 16th standard, relating to the reporting for non-profit enterprises, was added in 2015. In 2014, the National Accounting Council of Albania (NACA) performed a major revision of this existing framework of NAS. The focus of this paper is to analyze the current status, as well as the development of accounting and financial reporting in Albania for the Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs). An international standard of financial reporting for SMEs was issued by the International Accounting Standards Board but was not fully endorsed by the European Community, nor by the NACA, who instead chose to revise their current NAS. In this study, we provide a general overview of the accounting regime and platforms currently applied in Albania, by focusing on the changes over the recent years. We also depict the main differences between the IFRS for SMEs and the NAS in Albania in treatment of several elements of the financial statements.
CUSTOMER LOYALTY PROGRAM AS A TOOL OF CUSTOMER RETENTION: LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Hofman-Kohlmeyer Magdalena
Published: October 2016

Customer loyalty is a highly valuable asset. To gain loyalty of current customers and create attachments, the growing ranks of entrepreneurs decide on implementation of loyalty programs. This article aims at providing a theoretical outlook on various approaches on loyalty programs derived from literature review and identifing the factors which lead to success of a company. The literature review offers some directives for managers which are useful in the preparation of rewarding programs and are also a source of valuable customer information that helps in building future marketing strategies. We concluded that loyalty programs impact customers using financial and psychological factors to maintain long-term loyalty. Furthermore, loyalty programs should include financial as well as affective components as only financial incentives don’t guarantee a long-term relationship.
EFFECTS OF URBANISM ON MALACOFAUNA (NITRA)
Authors: Holienková Barbora , Krumpálová Zuzana
Published: October 2016

Recently, the number of alien landscape species has dramatically increased, and this could be a serious threat, not only for native species but also in cases of outbreaks for farmers. Our objective was to examine the impact of the urban environment (positive or negative) on the diversity of native species; forecast biotic homogenization or diversification of urban fauna; and determine the extent to which each of the zones are affected by invasive species. To examine the effect of urbanization, we selected 16 areas (across three urban zones and one zone in the protected area for comparison) for this study in 2015 in Nitra. We found that snails in open locations had significantly greater species diversity and abundance of individuals than in closed locations. Slightly degraded areas had the most abundant snail species, but areas heavily disturbed had high species diversity and incidence of individuals. It appears that heavily disturbed areas are suitable as new types of refuge for snails, e.g., for Helix lucorum, which was recorded in Slovakia for the first time (numerically recorded at the railway station) in 2014.
THE HIERARCHY AND TYPOLOGY OF FAMILY SOCIAL SUPPORT NETWORKS AND THEIR IMPLICATIONS FOR SOCIAL SERVICES
Authors: Loučková Ivana , Gojová Alice
Published: October 2016

This article examines the importance of family social support networks and their implications for social services. Social support networks are a significant factor in effective assistance to families. This research uses an integrated strategy and factor analysis to identify stakeholders of social support services and the extent in which these services are considered important by families in terms of solving their problems. Our findings show that assistance to families is expected in three levels. The first involves direct interpersonal relationships (between family members and friends) and when this level fails, the network of professionals and experts is the next provider. An effective network of support services to families "stands and falls" with active family relationships. Where family relationships are absent or dysfunctional, they are compensated by second and third levels of this support. In a developed network of support services, social workers should have tools available to support all three levels. In view of these findings, a trend emphasizing approaches in favor of families solving their own problems rather than professional dominance of such is worth investigating.
YOUNGSTER’S ATTITUDES TO SCHOOL-BASED PREVENTION PROGRAMS FOCUSED ON DRUG ABUSE PREVENTION
Authors: Odraskova Barbora , Kozubík Michal , Odraska Lukas
Published: October 2016

paper focuses on primary prevention of drug addiction, in particular the primary prevention programs implemented in school environments. It contains the results of a quantitative research conducted using a non-standardized questionnaire method. The study objective was to identify differences in attitudes of a group of pupils towards the issue of drug addiction before and after they completed the school-based prevention program. The study found that after completing the school-based prevention program there was improvement in attitudes towards the issue of drug addiction in the specific group of pupils. The number of appropriate answers to the question “Alcohol makes people happy” increased by 18.82 %. respondents (62.70%) disagreed that they would adapt themselves if their opinion differed to the majority. The number of positive answers to the question “Smoking is addictive” increased by 13.66%; the number of positive answers to the question “Drinking alcohol is harmful” increased by 24.93%; and all respondents agreed with the statement that smoking threatens health.
THE IMPORTANCE OF ELEMENTS OF ACTIVE LISTENING IN DIDACTIC COMMUNICATION: A STUDENT’S PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Flavia Mălureanu , Enachi-Vasluianu Luiza
Published: October 2016

Active listening is a core element of efficient communication, in general, and didactic communication, in particular. Proper listening improves communication, raises the level of comprehension and knowledge, and increases efficiency in everyday activities. In school, active listening is the key to sustaining the development of a student’s communication competence, with direct and indirect repercussions on the quality of the learning process. Hence, it is important for students to acknowledge the indicators of efficient listening and establish their relevance in the act of didactic communication according to key criteria. Thus, our paper focuses on active listening from a students’ perspective. The objectives of the research are to identify indicators of active listening, based on specific literature, and descriptively analyze the data in order to provide teachers and students with representative information concerning an efficient realization of didactic communication.
ARTS BASED INITIATIVES AS A HOLISTIC SOLUTION IN BUSINESS EDUCATION
Authors: Maleško Jeļena , Tjurdju Olga
Published: October 2016

Global economic changes have caused employers to look for multidisciplinary and value-driven leaders who can provide a holistic development solution for business. Modern business institutions are challenged with a paradigm shift towards programs of integrity in applying student-centered holistic approaches in the acquisition and development of cross-disciplinary using reflective learning. This study explores the holistic effects and arts-based value of practices, integrated into business education for personal and professional students’ development. Methods include a long-term research (3-years) involving focus groups, interviews, questionnaires, and observations that coincided with a theoretical analysis of conventional methods applicable to business education. Results show that arts based initiatives (ABIs) foster integrated development of skills that generate a strong holistic effect of multi- and inter-disciplinary. These are combined with powerful personal development, as ascertained in 360-degree reviews. It is concluded that an individual’s transformation, achieved through ABIs, can impact on team dynamics as well as the organizational strategy and performance, and generates a ‘spill-over effect’ between individual, team, organization, and community, thus ascertaining the value of holistic approach in business education.
RISK ANALYSIS IN THE PROCESS OF PREPARING AND CREATING A MUNICIPAL PLAN
Authors: Pavlenko Tomáš , Dvorský Ján
Published: October 2016

Risks arise during municipal planning activities, the negative impacts of which can influence the lives of local residents. The importance of municipal planning lies in the proposed material and the coordination and timing of activities influencing the environment, cultural-historical values of an area, territorial development, and creation of landscapes in line with principles of long-term sustainable development. By implementing risk management with an emphasis on objectively selecting and assessing risks in the preparation and creation of a municipal plan, an increase in the safety of the territory as a whole is expected. Municipal planning authorities project specific intentions for an area, while coordinating the public’s interest. The results of our qualitative assessment of selected risks identified those that were most significant when creating a municipal plan and which require foremost consideration.
ANALYSIS OF EMERGENCY EVENTS IN THE REGIONS (NUTS 3) OF THE SLOVAK REPUBLIC
Authors: Pavlenko Tomáš , Mitašová Veronika , Havko Ján
Published: October 2016

The Slovak Republic is threatened by many risks, mainly of natural or social nature. Their existence constantly affects Slovak’s security environment. Consequences of emergency events negatively threaten life, health, and the property of citizens, and also the environment and cultural heritage of the country. This article provides an overview of emergency events in the Slovak Republic. The main purpose of the paper is to identify the foremost kind of emergency events threatening regions of the Slovak Republic. Findings and conclusions are based mainly on historical data and statistics.
ECO-TRAILS – AN OPPORTUNITY FOR LEARNING OUTDOORS CLOSE TO NATURE
Authors: Todorov Krasimir , Petrova Slaveya , Nikolov Bogdan , Dimitrova-Dyulgerova Ivanka , Karagyozova-Dilkova Delka
Published: October 2016

Acquiring key competences is a priority in contemporary education. According to some authors, eco-trails provide an opportunity for training in natural ecosystems. The purpose of this study is to examine the capabilities of a constructivist design for learning that is close to nature with respect to acquiring practical knowledge, motivation, and formation of environmental competencies in students. To verify this assumption, the following methods were applied: curricula analyses of teaching biology in secondary schools (Grades 5–8, Ministry of Education and Science of Bulgaria) and high schools (Grades 9–10, Ministry of Education and Science of Bulgaria), and pedagogical experiments and surveys among students for approbation of a model for environmental education that is close to nature. A syllabus for selectable (optional) training on ecological topics was developed. A model of ecological training, “close to nature”, was devised through the constructivist design and active approach, and in approbation of the model, students acquired practical knowledge, formed environmental competencies, and an increase in their motivation to protect the ecological balance.
AN AMICABLE AGREEMENT OR ANOTHER FORM OF DEBT RESTRUCTURING IN INSOLVENCY PROCEDURE FOR INDIVIDUALS IN LATVIA
Authors: Konopecka Renata
Published: October 2016

The goal of this article is to explore the features of using insolvency proceedings in Latvia and to elaborate on special proposals for modernizing the laws. In the legislation, there has been no prospect from a legal perspective to restructure an individual’s debts. Namely, individuals have no opportunity to use legal protection within the framework of the insolvency proceedings to reach an amicable agreement with creditors, or create another form of debt restructuring. Eliminating this gap in legislation is therefore necessary.In this article, analytical, comparative, historical and deductive methods are used to explore the legal norms that regulate the insolvency proceedings for an individual. The aim is to identify the distinctive features of the proceedings; to analyze the problematic aspects of laws and develop proposals for modernizing the legislation of Latvia in this field. The novelty of this research pertains to it being the first attempt in Latvia to examine the question of legal regulation of insolvency proceedings in complexity, with a practical proposal to improve Latvian legal norms and avoid bankruptcy problems. The outcome of this study includes a proposal to supplement the Act on Insolvency with the Article “Amicable Agreement”, for deciding upon the state of insolvency. This relates to an agreement between the creditors and the debtor to fulfil obligations before an auction of the debtor’s property.
CARDIOEMBOLIC STROKE IN LATVIA: PREVENTION AND LONG-TERM OUTCOME
Authors: Pucite Elina , Jurjāns Kristaps , Miglāne Evija , Luriņa Baiba , Kalējs Oskars , Millers Andrejs , Priede Zanda
Published: October 2016

INTRODUCTION: Untreated non-valvular atrial fibrillation is one of major causes of stroke. The goal of the study was to evaluate the use of antithrombotic medication stroke prevention and assess long-term stroke outcome.METHODS: This study involved 531 cardio embolic stroke patients of the Paul’s Stradins Clinical University Hospital, Riga, Latvia, in 2014. After discharge the patients or their relatives were interviewed by phone after 30, 90, 180, and 365 days. Standardized questions were asked about the patients’ abilities and use of prescribed secondary prevention medication. The results were compared between patient groups, assigned according to prescribed medications.RESULTS: Of all the patients included in the study, 8.9% were using oral anticoagulants before stroke onset. One year after discharge, 1.44% of patients were not using any preventive medication, 23.56% were using antiplatelet agents, 43.27% warfarin, and 31.73% target-specific oral anticoagulants. The one-year mortality rate was 40.7%. The mortality rate was significantly higher in the patient group using no secondary preventive medication or antiplatelet agents compared to the patient group that used oral anticoagulants.CONCLUSION: Cardio embolic stroke primary and secondary prevention in Latvia is lacking. The study outcomes suggest that action is needed to increase the use of oral anticoagulants in primary stroke prevention in patients with atrial fibrillation. Poor function outcomes, dementia, and patients’ incompliance limits the use of oral anticoagulants in secondary prevention.
A CASE REPORT: PKP2 GENE C.1592T>G VARIATION IN HOMOZYGOUS FORM IDENTIFIED IN ARRHYTHMOGENIC RIGHT VENTRICULAR DYSPLASIA PATIENT
Authors: Bidina Luize , Kupics Kaspars , Sokolova Emma , Pavlovic Mihails , Dobele Zane , Piekuse Linda , Kalejs Oskars
Published: October 2016

Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia (ARVD) is an inherited cardiomyopathy. Early recognition and follow up of this disease can reduce sudden cardiac death burden. Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia is usually inherited as an autosomal dominant trait. We report a case of a young woman aged 26 years with a past history of chest pain and palpitations. During examination, abnormalities were found in results of an electrocardiogram and echocardiography. Genetic testing of the plakophilin 2 (PKP2) gene was done by direct sequencing and genetic variation “NG_009000.1: c.1592T>G” was found in a homozygote form. In family member screening in patients, parents’ variation is found in a heterozygote form, where both are healthy. In all reports, “c.1592T>G” is reported only in a heterozygous state, with no known pathogenicity. We consider that this is possibly a pathogenic mutation, inherited as an autosomal recessive trait.
MEASURING THE DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES OF TUMOR AND BREAST PHANTOMS USED IN THE MICROWAVE FREQUENCY RANGE
Authors: Maniakova Eva , Faktorova Dagmar
Published: October 2016

INTRODUCTION: This article deals with measurement of dielectric properties (relative permittivity and conductivity) of phantoms, specifically a tumor phantom and a breast phantom. We focused on the waveguide and resonance methods for the measurement of dielectric properties. The article describes the principle of these methods, and also the production process of a breast phantom and a tumor phantom. These phantoms can be used for measurements in the microwave frequency range, 8–12 GHz.OBJECTIVE: The study’s objective was to design a tumor phantom and a breast phantom, and to measure their dielectric properties. These properties must simulate human tissue.METHODS: To measure dielectric properties of human tissue, phantoms were designed using the waveguide Hippel`s method and the resonance method with a cavity resonator.RESULTS: The aim of this work was to create the phantoms that would have properties comparable to those of real tissues. Results of measurement are shown as frequency dependence of relative permittivity and conductivity for breast, breast phantom, tumor, and tumor phantom.
PROMOTION HEALTH – EVALUATION OF THE LOCUS OF CONTROL OVER HEALTH
Authors: Novysedláková Mária , Kozáková Marta , Hudáková Zuzana , Cetlová Lada
Published: October 2016

Health is a basic prerequisite for the existence and operation of values. Health care enables people to protect or restore health throughout their lives, from birth to death, in accordance with applicable legislation. This paper aims to identify the importance of assessing a locus of control over health using the scale measuring tool, Multidimensional Health Locus of Control (MHCL). In total, 100 respondents participated in the survey, with an average age of 42 years. Statistical analyses were performed using Statistica, version 2007, with significance level of 0.05. Correlations of MHLC and attitudes toward preventive actions showed statistically significant results with readiness to quit smoking. People with high IHLC scores were more willing to stop smoking, change their diet, and reduce body weight. Our assumption in this research was that individuals who believed in internal control of health had a more positive effect regarding preventive actions.
COLLABORATION MODEL FOR ASEAN UNIVERSITY NETWORK: A CASE STUDY OF PHRANAKHON RAJABHAT UNIVERSITY AND NETWORKING UNIVERSITIES IN ASEAN COUNTRIES
Authors: Kalawong Suebwong
Published: October 2016

One prominent strategy of the university network of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) is to promote collaboration between the ASEAN universities. Although there are Memorandum of Understandings (MOUs) among Asian Universities, the number of collaborative actions are considered extremely low.  More than 10 years, PNRU implement on collaboration policy with other ASEAN’s universities. The processes and obstructions of the collaboration between universities in ASEAN were studied by the researcher. This study showed present situation of PNRU and other ASEAN’s universities collaboration. Therefore, the collaboration model between universities in ASEAN was established. The findings revealed that PNRU pursued collaborative activities covering only student and personnel exchange programs. The collaboration obstacles were: 1) policies and goals, 2) implementation plans, 3) university bureaucracy, and 4) language proficiency. A model for university collaboration comprised collaboration processes and principles. A collaboration model for the ASEAN university network involves clear goals, financial and resource support, implementation planning, and raising awareness of participants for collaboration.
CARBOHYDRATE CONTENT IN BULGARIAN AND TURKISH CAROB PODS AND THEIR PRODUCTS
Authors: Fidan Hafize , Petkova Nadezhda , Sapoundzhieva Tana , Abanoz Engin Isik
Published: October 2016

Carob, Ceratonia siliqua, is cultivated for ornamental and industrial purposes in many Mediterranean countries. This study assessed carob pulp and syrup, a rich source of carbohydrates and sugars, by evaluating content of reducing sugars and total sugars in carob pulp before extraction of syrups. We identified the sugar content before and after treatment by using thin-layer (TLC) and high performance liquid chromatography with refractive index detection (HPLC-RID). It was established that total sugars increased with extraction and heat treatment. Sucrose (34.2 g/100 g dry weight; dw), glucose (11.1 g/100 g dw) and fructose (6.5 g/100 g dw) were the major sugars identified and quantified in pulp of the Turkish carob. Ceratonia siliqua pods of Turkish origin produced higher levels of total and of reducing sugars (fructose and sucrose) than did the pods from Bulgaria. The carbohydrate content in the syrup prepared from Turkish carob pods was highest, with the sucrose content especially reaching up to 45 g/100 g dw. The data are discussed in terms of nutritional and energy value of the carob pod. The carob and obtained products (flour or syrup) are identified as highly caloric and as a prospective energy source alternative to cocoa and its products.