bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A comprehensive SARS-CoV-2-human protein-protein interactome network identifies pathobiology and host-targeting therapies for COVID-19
Authors: Zhou Yadi , Liu Yuan , Gupta Shagun , Paramo Mauricio I. , Hou Yuan , Mao Chengsheng , Luo Yuan , Judd Julius , Wierbowski Shayne , Bertolotti Marta , Nerkar Mriganka , Jehi Lara , Drayman Nir , Nicolaescu Vlad , Gula Haley , Tay Savaş , Randall Glenn , Lis John T. , Feschotte Cédric , Erzurum Serpil C. , Cheng Feixiong , Yu Haiyuan
Published: June 2022

Physical interactions between viral and host proteins are responsible for almost all aspects of the viral life cycle and the host’s immune response. Studying viral-host protein-protein interactions is thus crucial for identifying strategies for treatment and prevention of viral infection. Here, we use high-throughput yeast two-hybrid and affinity purification followed by mass spectrometry to generate a comprehensive SARS-CoV-2-human protein-protein interactome network consisting of both binary and co-complex interactions. We report a total of 739 high-confidence interactions, showing the highest overlap of interaction partners among published datasets as well as the highest overlap with genes differentially expressed in samples (such as upper airway and bronchial epithelial cells) from patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Showcasing the utility of our network, we describe a novel interaction between the viral accessory protein ORF3a and the host zinc finger transcription factor ZNF579 to illustrate a SARS-CoV-2 factor mediating a direct impact on host transcription. Leveraging our interactome, we performed network-based drug screens for over 2,900 FDA-approved/investigational drugs and obtained a curated list of 23 drugs that had significant network proximities to SARS-CoV-2 host factors, one of which, carvedilol, showed promising antiviral properties. We performed electronic health record-based validation using two independent large-scale, longitudinal COVID-19 patient databases and found that carvedilol usage was associated with a significantly lowered probability (17%-20%, P < 0.001) of obtaining a SARS-CoV-2 positive test after adjusting various confounding factors. Carvedilol additionally showed anti-viral activity against SARS-CoV-2 in a human lung epithelial cell line [half maximal effective concentration (EC50) value of 4.1 µM], suggesting a mechanism for its beneficial effect in COVID-19. Our study demonstrates the value of large-scale network systems biology approaches for extracting biological insight from complex biological processes.
A comprehensive numerical investigation of Carreau-Yasuda slime beneath complex bacterial wavy surface
Authors: Asghar Zeeshan , Shah Rehman Ali , Ali Nasir
Published: June 2022

Gliding motility often noticed in phylogenetically rod-shaped bacteria which locomote via dissipating their own energy. The said gliding motion via producing waves and secreting slime is generally witnessed in gram-negative bacteria. The influence of Inertia in slime layer beneath glider is also a significant feature to this mechanism. The propulsive microbe pushes the slime backwards, while reactive forces in the slime aids a forward movement of the propeller. Out of several motility modes the complex wavy gliding mechanism is considered here so one can approximate the glider’s surface by undulating two-dimensional sheet. Moreover, the nonNewtonian slime beneath the organism is taken as Carreau Yasuda fluid. Following a traditional approach of a fluid flow problem balance of mass and momentum is utilized. The x and y-component of momentum equation is combined and reduced into fourth order DE via lubrication and creeping flow assumption. For suitable values of rheological parameters, swimming gait and some initial values of gliding speed and flow rate, the BVP is solved via MATLAB build in routine bvp-5c. Modified Newton-Raphson algorithm is employed to simulate the unknowns present in the boundary conditions. Power required by the glider, velocity of the slime and level curves are also obtained with the aid of these realistic numerical pairs. The computed results are plotted in the latest available version of MATLAB (2021a) and discusses in detail.
How do women face the emergency after a catastrophic event? A PRISMA 2020 systematic review
Authors: Pérez-Gañán Rocío , Moreno Sandra Dema , Arias Rosario González , Díaz Virginia Cocina
Published: June 2022

Aim
To conduct a systematic analysis of scientific articles from a social sciences perspective that focus on the role of women as active subjects during an emergency, particularly, in terms of evacuation actions in the aftermath of disasters of natural origin.
Method
A literature review following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA 2020) guidelines. The databases used were Web of Science and SCOPUS.
Findings
: This systematic review comprises the 25 articles which met our selection criteria out of the 63,852 studies initially found in the search. Although the progressive incorporation of a gender perspective can be seen in the academic study of disasters within the field of social sciences, the scientific production, especially with reference to the emergency phase, remains scant. The current literature reveals the importance of taking into account the knowledge women have, as well as how they behave following a catastrophe.
Conclusions
The results of the analysis carried out demonstrate that in making visible how gender roles operate during the early response period in an emergency, especially in relation to the role played by women as active subjects, the traditional notion of rescue is extended. On the basis of this analysis recommendations are made which can facilitate an approach to disaster risk management that guarantees gender equality in an emergency.
Access to Health and Mortality Rate for Pancreatic Cancer.
Authors: Bernardes Ellen , Sousa Luiz , Adami Fernando , Paiva Laercio da Silva , Abreu Luiz
Published: June 2022

OBJECTIVE: Among all types of cancers diagnosed in Brazil, pancreatic cancer corresponds to 2%, about 1 in 65 individuals. To evaluate rates of hospital admissions and mortality from pancreatic cancer in Brazilian regions. RESULTS: In the analysis of the Brazilian regions, there were 64,587 hospitalizations between men and women aged 54, over 80 years old. The incidence of pancreatic cancer increased, resulting in deaths and hospitalizations in the Southeast and South regions, respectively. In the analysis of the Brazilian regions, there were 64,587 hospitalizations between men and women, aged 54 years to over 80 years. The incidence of pancreatic cancer showed an increase in deaths and hospitalizations in the Southeast and South regions, respectively. The age range of death between men and women was the same. In men over 80 years old, within a percentage of 17.02% and in women aged 23.19%. In the Northeast region, all age groups among men showed significance above 80 years (β = 3.01; p <0.000;) and also among women over 80 years (β = 3.73; p <0.000;).
The growth and lipid accumulation of Scenedesmus quadricauda under nitrogen starvation stress during xylose mixotrophic/heterotrophic cultivation
Authors: Mou Yiwen , Liu Na , Su Kunyang , Li Xue , Lu Tianxiang , Yu Ze , Song Mingming
Published: June 2022

In order to conquer the block of high cost and low yields which limit to realize the commercialization of microalgal biodiesel, the mixotrophic and heterotrophic cultivation of Scenedesmus quadricauda FACHB-1297 fed on xylose was studied separately employing six forms of media: phosphorus sufficient, phosphorus restricted and phosphorus starvation were combined with nitrogen sufficient and nitrogen starvation conditions. The maximum oil percentage (about 41% of dry weight) was obtained on the 5th day (heterotrophic cultivation) and 8th day (mixotrophic cultivation) under the nitrogen starved and phosphorus sufficient (N0&P) conditions, which was about 2-fold in comparison to the initial lipid content on the sufficient nitrogen condition (control). Under mixotrophic and heterotrophic modes, the highest lipid productions were both achieved in the N0&P trial, with the value of 274.97 mg/L and 193.77 mg/L, successively. Xylose utilization rate of 30%-96% under heterotrophic modes was apparently higher than that of 20%-50% in mixotrophic modes. In contrast, phosphorus uptake rate of 100% under mixotrophic modes was significantly more than that of 60%-90% in heterotrophic cultivation. Furthermore, under xylose heterotrophic cultivation, the phosphorus had a positive impact on microalgae cell synthesis, and the oil content enhanced with the augmentation in phosphorus concentrations. We suggest that sufficient phosphorus should be supplied for obtaining more microalgal lipid production in the lack of nitrogen for xylose heterotrophic and mixotrophic conditions. This is a highly effective way to obtain efficient microalgae biofats production.
Prevenance of SCC mec type V, Novel ST 243 Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus strain from Indian seafood products
Authors: Sivaraman Gopalan Krishnan , Gupta Sobin , Sivam Visnuvinayagam , T Muthulakshmi , Elanovan Ravikrishnan , Perumal Vivekanandan , Balasubramanium Ganesh , Lodha Tushar , Yadav Amit
Published: June 2022

Compared to the clinical sector, the prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in the food sector is relatively low. However, their presence in seafood is a significant public health concern. In India, fish and fishery products are maximally manually handled compared to other food products. In this study, 498 fish samples were collected under various conditions (fresh, chilled or dressed) and representatives from their surroundings. These samples were screened for the incidence of coagulase-positive Staphylococcus aureus (CPS), determining its antimicrobial resistance, MRSA and genetic profile. It is observed that 15.0% and 3.0% of the total samples were screened positive for CPS and MRSA. The S. aureus strain MRSARF-10 showed higher resistance to linezolid, co-trimoxazole, cefoxitin, ofloxacin, gentamicin, rifampicin, ampicillin/sulbactam and Piperacillin–tazobactam. This MRSA, spa type t021 and SCC mec type V strain isolated from dried ribbon fish (Family Trachipteridae) carried virulence factors for exoenzymes such as aureolysin, serine, toxin genes and a novel MLST ST 243, as revealed from its draft-genome sequence. This highly pathogenic, multidrug-resistant and virulent S. aureus novel strain is circulating in the environment with chances of spreading among the seafood workers and the environment. It is further suggested that Good Hygienic Practices recommended by World Health Organization need to be followed during the different stages of seafood processing to provide pathogen-free fish and fishery products to the consumers.
Flexoelectric polarizing and control of a ferromagnetic metal
Authors: Peng Wei , Park Se Young , Roh Chang Jae , Mun Junsik , Ju Hwiin , Kim Jinkwon , Ko Eun Kyo , Liang Zhengguo , Hahn Sungsoo , Zhang Jinfeng , Si Liang , Jo Yong Jin , Jo Yongjoo , Kim Tae Heon , Kim Changyoung , Wang Lingfei , Kim Miyoung , Lee Jong Seok , Noh Tae Won , lee Daesu
Published: June 2022

Electric polarization can only be well defined in insulators, not in metals, and there is no general scheme to induce and control bulk polarity in metals. Here, we circumvent this limitation by utilizing a pseudo-electric field generated by inhomogeneous lattice strain, namely a flexoelectric field, as a universal means of polarizing and controlling a metal. Using heteroepitaxy and atomic-scale imaging, we show that flexoelectric fields polarize the bulk of an otherwise centrosymmetric metal SrRuO3, with remarkable off-center displacements of Ru ions. This further impacts the electronic bands and lattice anisotropy of the flexo-polar SrRuO3, potentially leading to an enhancement of electron correlation, ferromagnetism, and its anisotropy. Beyond conventional electric fields, flexoelectric fields may universally engender novel electronic states and their control via pure atomic displacements.
Exploring Optimal Reaction Conditions Guided by Graph Neural Networks and Bayesian Optimization
Authors: Choi Youn-Suk , Kwon Youngchun , Lee Dongseon , Kim Jin Woo , Kim Sun
Published: June 2022

The optimization of organic reaction conditions to obtain the target product in high yield is crucial to avoid expensive and time-consuming chemical experiments. Advancements in artificial intelligence have enabled various data-driven approaches to predict suitable chemical reaction conditions. However, for many novel syntheses, experimental optimization of the reaction conditions is inevitable. Bayesian optimization (BO), an iterative global optimization algorithm, demonstrated exceptional performance to identify suitable reagents compared to synthesis experts. However, BO requires several initial randomly selected experimental results (yields) to train yield prediction surrogate models (approximately 10 experimental trials). In addition, parts of this process, such as the cold-start problem in recommender systems, are inefficient. Here, we present an efficient BO algorithm for reaction optimization with a message passing neural network trained on vast amounts of experimental data. We demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm on benchmarks and in-house datasets with reference to optimization methods and human experts.
Possibilities of Using the Duplex System Plasma Nitriding + CrN Coating for Special Components
Authors: Dobrocky David , Pokorny Zdenek , Joska Zdenek , Vitek Roman , Prochazka Jiri , Studeny Zbynek , Sedlak Josef , Slany Martin
Published: June 2022

The purpose of material selection and surface treatment for a given component is to assure the weapon's failure-free and dependable operation throughout its life time. At the same time, the material and surface technology chosen must take into account the chosen manufacturing method in terms of material attributes, as well as the economics and ecology of production. A gas piston is one of the most visible parts of high-performance small weapons (automatic rifles) that provides its own drive (automation of the functional cycle). The pressure and temperature of the propellant gases, as well as dynamic shocks and wear, put a lot of strain on the gas piston, which puts a lot of strain on the piston material. Steel C55, 80Mn4, 31NiCr14, 42CrMo4, X30Cr13, and X30WCrV9.3 are the most common materials for gas pistons, which are hard chrome plated. Hard chromium plating, which is extremely damaging to the environment and human health, is currently being replaced by PVD or CVD methods. PVD coating deposition processes, for example, have shown to be viable options. Surface treatments including the application of layers and subsequent deposition of coatings are one option (duplex system). The article discusses the use of CrN coating to replace hard chromium plating and the duplex system plasma nitriding + CrN coating (hence PN + CrN). For testing, 42CrMo4 steel was chosen. The strong chrome coating as well as the CrN coating itself were compared to the PN + CrN duplex system. The mechanical and tribological properties, as well as the shape and texture of the surface, were all examined. For exposed sections of small weapons, the PN + CrN duplex system has proven to be a viable alternative to hard chrome coating.
TMSG1/LASS2 inhibits cell proliferation, invasive ability through a novel transcriptional regulation way mediated by Homeodomain Running title: a novel transcription regulation role of TMSG1
Authors: Wang Xin , Xia Yan , Li Jingjing , Xiang Fenggang , Yu Wenjuan
Published: June 2022

Background: TMSG1/LASS2 is emerging as an effective tumor suppressor as a transmembrane protein since it has been first cloned. We for the first time found by accident in our previous study TMSG1/LASS2 could be located in the nucleus, and it contained Homeodomain and nuclear localization signal (NLS). We aimed to investigate whether TMSG1/LASS2 possessed the function of transcription factor and identify the target genes regulated by the transcriptional regulation function of TMSG1/LASS2.Methods: We constructed and transfected three variants containing different functional domains of TMSG1/LASS2 to human prostate cancer cell PC-3M-1E8. Immunofluorescence was performed to detect the cellular localization of the three variants and identified its functional domain mediating it entering the nucleus. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) associated with high-throughput sequencing was performed to select the target genes binding to TMSG1/LASS2 protein. Then we investigated the transcriptional regulation effect of TMSG1/LASS2 on one of the target genes Neural Proliferation, Differentiation and Control 1 (NPDC1) by dual-luciferase reporter system, and examined the expression of NPDC1 upon the overexpression or knockdown of TMSG1/LASS2, as well as the cell proliferation ability, apoptosis and cell cycle. Results: Immunofluorescence result revealed the variants deleted Homeodomain or NLS could not enter the nucleus. Neural Proliferation, Differentiation and Control 1 (NPDC1) gene, whose promoter fragment was obtained from ChIP using TMSG1/LASS2 antibody for further study. Dual-Luciferase reporter system revealed TMSG1/LASS2, as well as the variant with the deletion of NLS could enhance the transcription of NPDC1 promoter rather than the variant deleted Homeodomain. RT-qPCR and Western blot results demonstrated the gene and protein levels of NPDC1 were significantly increased upon TMSG1/LASS2 overexpression other than the variants without Homeodomain or NLS. Moreover, the level of NPDC1 were markedly decreased upon TMSG/LASS2 knockdown. Furthermore, the full length TMSG1/LASS2 was more able to inhibit cell proliferation, invasive ability and promote the cell apoptosis than the variants without Homeodomain or NLS. Conclusions: TMSG1/LASS2 could enter the nucleus to play transcription factor role mediated by its Homeodomain and NLS. TMSG1/LASS2 could promote the transcription and subsequent expression of NPDC1, one of its target genes. TMSG-1/LASS2 might inhibit cell proliferation, invasive ability, promote cell apoptosis and G0/G1 cell cycle arrest partially mediated by its Homeodomain and NLS. We for the first time propose a new transcriptional regulation function of TMSG1/LASS2 in addition to the known tumor suppressor function as a transmembrane protein.
In vivo and in vitro validation of GATA-3 suppression for correcting impaired adipogenesis, restoring insulin sensitivity, and lowering risk of T2D
Authors: Al-Jaber Hend , Mohamed Nura A , Govindharajan Vijay K , Taha Samir , John Jomon , Halim Sharique , Alser Maha , Al-Muraikhy Shamma , Anwardeen Najeha , Agouni Abdelali , Elhissi Abdelbary , Al-Naemi Hamda A. , Al-Mansoori Layla , Elrayess Mohamed A
Published: June 2022

Purpose
Impaired adipogenesis is associated with development of insulin resistance and increased risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D). GATA Binding Protein 3 (GATA3) is implicated in impaired adipogenesis and the onset of insulin resistance. Therefore, we hypothesize that inhibition of GATA3 could promote adipogenesis, restore healthy fat distribution, and enhance insulin signaling.
Methods
BALB/c mice were treated with GATA3 inhibitor (DNAzyme hgd40) over a period of two weeks. Liposomes loaded with DNAzyme, pioglitazone, or vehicle controls were administered subcutaneously every two days, at the right thigh. At the end of the study, adipose tissues were collected and weighed from the site of injection, the opposite side, and the omental tissues. Anti-oxidant enzyme (SOD and catalase) activities were assessed in animals’ sera, and gene expression was measured using well-established protocols. Primary human preadipocytes were treated with DNAzyme hgd40. Cell proliferation, adipogenic capacity, gene expression, and insulin signaling were measured following well-established protocols.
Results
In vivo GATA3 inhibition promoted adipogenesis at the site of injection and reduced MCP-1 expression. GATA3 inhibition also reduced omental tissue size and PPARγ expression. Additionally, in vitro GATA3 inhibition induced adipogenesis of primary human preadipocytes, and enhanced insulin signaling through reduced expression of p70S6K.
Conclusions
These findings suggest that modulating GATA3 expression offers a potential therapeutic benefit by correcting impaired adipogenesis, promoting healthy fat distribution, restoring insulin sensitivity and lowering the risk of T2D.
Advanced tailings dam performance monitoring with seismic noise and stress models
Authors: Ouellet Susanne , Dettmer Jan , Olivier Gerrit , de Wit Tjaart , Lato Matthew
Published: June 2022

Tailings dams retain the waste by-products of mining operations and are amongst the world’s largest engineered structures. Recent tailings dam failures highlight important gaps in current monitoring methods and a pressing need to advance research on tailings dam monitoring technologies, considering growth predictions for the mining of metals. At an active tailings dam in northern Canada, we combine ambient noise interferometry with a quantitative stress model to monitor shear wave velocity (Vs) changes. Changes in seismic velocities of less than 1% correlate strongly with water level fluctuations at the adjacent tailings pond. A stress model, calibrated using pond level recordings and Vs profiles obtained from cone penetration tests, demonstrates that the seismic velocity changes obtained with ambient noise interferometry are predominantly changes in Vs. Furthermore, this model constrains Vs changes to a depth of ~16 m, corresponding to uncompacted tailings below the dam. As Vs is used to assess the liquefaction potential of soils, this method provides important advances for understanding changes in dam performance over time.
Associations between serum mitokine levels and outcomes in stable COPD
Authors: Amado Carlos A. , Martín-Audera Paula , Agüero Juan , Lavín Bernardo A , Guerra Raúl A , Muñoz Pedro , Berja Ana , Casanova Ciro , García-Unzueta Mayte
Published: June 2022

Background: Mitokines (Humanin (HN), GDF15 and FGF21) are produced as a result of mitochondrial dysfunction and may have major roles in chronic inflammation, malnutrition and exercise capacity in people with COPD. Methods: A total of 165 patients with stable COPD and 49 smokers without COPD were enrolled. We assessed their serum mitokine levels and clinical characteristics at baseline. We recorded moderate and severe exacerbation for the next 12 months.Results: Baseline serum HN (p=0.037) and GDF15 (p= 0.013) levels were higher in the COPD group. High HN levels were associated with a high risk of exacerbation (HRE) (p=0.011), malnutrition (p=0.004) 6MWD (p=0.008), and future moderate (p=0.007) and severe exacerbations (p=0.009). High GDF15 levels were associated with HRE (p=0.027), 6MWD (p=0.017) and desaturation in 6MWT (p=0.006). High FGF21 levels were predicted future severe exacerbation (p=0.008).Conclusions: The mitokine levels were higher in patients with COPD than controls, and were associated with important clinical outcomes. Among the mitokines, HN showed the strongest relationship with COPD and may serve as a future risk biomarker in this disease.Trial registry: ClinicalTrials.gov; No.: NCT04449419; URL: www.clinicaltrials.gov. Date of registration: June 26, 2020.
Hankel Norm based Strict Passivity Performance of Digital Filter using Saturation Nonlinearities
Authors: S Ronica B I , P Grace Kanmani
Published: June 2022

The work proposes a new technique to examine and reduce the unusual memory effects in digital filters with saturation nonlinearity when external interference is present via strict passivity approach. Novel criterion is given to show the performance of Hankel norm in interfered digital filters by using strict passivity approach. The unusual behaviour of digital filters about previous excitations can be checked by using this proposed criterion. Given criterion ensures the asymptotic stability nature when there is no external input. The dominance of the proposed method is represented by a mathematical example.
Study on the critical groundwater depth of controlling risk management in a semi-arid irrigated area in China based on recharge-discharge relationship
Authors: jing haihua , Zhang Jing , Dong Kebao B. , Jin Zexu , Ma Jiaqi , Yan Yuru
Published: June 2022

The imbalance between exploitation and recharge and the yearly decline in water tables is a common water resource problem in semi-arid areas in China. To ensure the sustainable use of groundwater and the stability of the regional hydrological cycle, a reasonable groundwater control table need to be determined to achieve a balance between groundwater exploitation and recharge. Based on the characteristics of the vertical hydrological cycle in semi-arid irrigation areas, this paper used a combination of in situ field experiments and software simulations to calculate the groundwater infiltration recharge under three types of subsurface conditions, namely, drip irrigation under mulch, border irrigation, and bare area, and to analyze the relationship between groundwater infiltration recharge and groundwater table. Based on the relationship between groundwater recharge and discharge, the critical groundwater depth of maintaining exploitation and recharge balance (CGDM) for drip irrigation under mulch was calculated to be 131.52-187.15 cm, and the critical groundwater depth of disrupting exploitation and recharge balance (CGDD) was 307.66-363.67 cm. For border irrigation, the CGDM was 80.00-84.34 cm and the CGDD was 198.87-248.44 cm. It also proposed a groundwater table management strategy to address the risk of imbalance in regional groundwater exploitation and recharge. The critical groundwater depth of controlling risk management (CGDC) can be used for regional groundwater management and guidance for agricultural irrigation, providing technical support for achieving regional groundwater exploitation and recharge balance and maintaining a stable hydrological cycle.
PVA/CMC/Attapulgite clay composite hydrogel membranes for biomedical applications: Factors affecting membranes crosslinking and bio-evaluation tests
Authors: Farid Eman , Kamoun Elbadawy A , Taha Tarek H. , El-Dissouky Ali , Khalil Tarek E.
Published: June 2022

Herein, polyvinyl alcohol-carboxymethyl cellulose (PVA-CMC) composite hydrogel membranes were prepared using solution-casting method, where citric acid (CA) was added as crosslinker in different ratios of (7, 10 and12 wt.%). Attapulgite clay extracted from Northwestern Desert of Borg El-Arab, Egypt; was incorporated as nanofiller (1, 2, 4, and 5 wt.%) into membranes for improving their mechanical/ thermal stability. Results revealed that, physicochemical properties of membranes e.g. swelling%, tensile strength and morphology of membranes affected significantly by different clay concentrations and citric acid crosslinker. Also, attapulgite clay with concentration 1 (wt.%) enhanced mechanical strength of composite membranes, compared to other clay concentrations. Furthermore, protein adsorption %, hydrolytic degradation, hemolysis (%) and antimicrobial activity significantly affected by clay contents and CA concentrations. Four bacterial pathogens e.g. Candida albicans, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Bacillus cereus were used for testing antimicrobial activity of prepared membranes. Results referred to increasing of clay contents led to a high hemolysis %; however, increasing CA concentration significantly reduced hemolysis %. Meanwhile, membranes with low clay contents offered the most effective resistance against tested microbes. These findings are referring to the ability of using PVA-CMC-attapulgite composite membranes crosslinked by CA as good candidate of biomaterials for dermal wound dressings.
Water Soluble and Insoluble Components of PM2.5 in Nanchang City and Their Cytotoxic Research on Epithelial Cells (A549)
Authors: Liu Xiaozhen , Wang Lan , Ren Yufeng
Published: June 2022

To investigate the toxic effects of PM2.5 on human lung epithelial cells A549 and the potential mechanism of action, this research intends to prepare water-soluble (WS-PM2.5) and insoluble components (WIS-PM2.5) of PM2.5 by collecting atmospheric fine particles. The samples of atmospheric PM2.5 at the Qianhu Campus of Nanchang University in Nanchang city were collected on this subject. The desiccated PM2.5 was prepared into water-soluble and insoluble components, The cell toxicity of WS-PM2.5 and WIS-PM2.5 was assessed by the MTT method measuring the cell survival rate. According to the results of the MTT test, the exposure time was selected 24 h for all subsequent tests. The lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and intracellular superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the cell supernatant fluid were measured by the trace enzyme method. Cell reactive oxygen species (ROS) were measured by flow cytometry, and the expression of cell inflammatory factors IL-6 and TNF-α were measured by ELISA and RT-QPCR. The results showed that WS-PM2.5 and WIS-PM2.5 can inhibit the activity of A549 cells, destroy the integrity of cell membranes, promote oxidative stress in cells, and induce inflammatory reactions in cells, thereby producing toxic effects on A549 cells. However, their toxic mechanism is different, and the toxicity of the cells is significantly different. The toxic effect of WIS-PM2.5 is significantly stronger than that of WS-PM2.5 in inhibiting cell viability, cell membrane damage, and oxidative stress, while significantly lower than that of WS-PM2.5 in causing inflammatory damage.
Aspect term extraction and optimized deep fuzzy clustering-based inverted indexing for document retrieval
Authors: CHANDWANI GUNJAN , Ahlawat Anil , Dubey Gaurav
Published: June 2022

Finding good relevant documents for query optimization is a well-known difficulty in the field of document retrieval. This paper develops a novel approach, named Exponential Aquila Optimizer (EAO)-based Deep Fuzzy Clustering for retrieving the documents. The proposed technique effectively finds the relevant documents and tries to understand the relationship among the documents and queries in terms of the significance of documents for query optimization. Here, the Deep Fuzzy Clustering is employed for performing cluster-based inverted indexing where the Training procedure of Deep Fuzzy Clustering is done using the developed optimization algorithm, named EAO. Meanwhile, the developed EAO is newly designed by the incorporation of EWMA and AO. In addition, complex query matching is done using the Tversky index for the user-based queries, such as multigram queries and semantic queries. On the other hand, the RV coefficient is accomplished for performing query optimization for relevant document retrieval. The proposed technique achieves better performance in terms of the performance metrics, like precision, recall, and F-measure with the maximum precision of 1, maximum recall of 0.956, and maximum F-measure of 0.977, respectively.
Inner and outer setting factors that influence the implementation of the National Diabetes Prevention Program (National DPP) using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR): A Qualitative Study
Authors: Madrigal Lillian , Manders Olivia C. , Kegler Michelle , Haardörfer Regine , Piper Sarah , Blais Linelle M. , Weber Mary Beth , Escoffery Cam
Published: June 2022

Background: Scaling evidence-based interventions is key to impacting population health. The National DPP lifestyle change program is one such intervention that has been scaled across the United States over the past 20 years, however enrollment is an ongoing challenge. Furthermore, little is known about which organizations are most successful with program delivery, enrollment, and scaling. This study aims to understand more about the internal and external organization factors that impact program implementation and reach.Methods: Between August 2020 and January 2021, data were collected through semi-structured key informant interviews with 30 National DPP delivery organization implementers. This study uses a qualitative cross-case construct rating methodology to assess which Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) Inner and Outer Setting constructs contributed (both in valence and magnitude) to the organization’s current level of implementation reach (measured by average participant enrollment per year). A construct by case matrix was created with ratings for each CFIR construct by interviewee and grouped by implementation reach level.Results: Across the 16 inner and outer setting constructs and subconstructs, the interviewees in the higher reach group provided stronger (+2) and more positive examples related to implementation and enrollment of the program, while the lower reach groups reported stronger (-2) and more negative examples across rated constructs. Four inner setting constructs/subconstructs (structural characteristics, compatibility, goals & feedback, and leadership engagement) were identified as “distinguishing” based on the difference between groups by average rating (+.5 difference between levels), the examination of the number of extreme (+2 or -2) ratings within levels, and the thematic analysis of the content discussed.No outer setting constructs were distinguishing. Four constructs/subconstructs (incentives & rewards, learning climate, access to knowledge & information, and patient needs & resources) were not discussed in relation to implementation reach sufficiently for the rating analysis. Conclusions: Our study identified a number of influential CFIR constructs and their impact on National DPP implementation reach. These findings can be leveraged to improve efforts in recruiting and assisting delivery organizations to increase the reach and scale of the National DPP as well as other evidence-based interventions.
Efficient targeted mutagenesis by endogenous promoter controlled tRNA-gRNA array of CRISPR/Cas9 in potato and application in Solanum etuberosum
Authors: Jing Shenglin , Xiong Wenwen , Liu Huimin , Dong Fei , Chen Kaiyuan , Du Juan , Song Botao
Published: June 2022

Here, we developed an endogenous promoter controlled polycistronic tRNA-gRNA (PTG) array of CRISPR/Cas9 in potato for efficient multiplex mutagenesis. The editing efficiency was significantly improved in potato combined with short-term heat treatment. In addition, our use of CRISPR/Cas9 to engineer mutations in wild solanum species demonstrates a high editing efficiency of the developed PTG/Cas9 in Solanum etuberosum, which contributes to develop Solanum etuberosum as a new model for functional genetics research in solanum.
EvaLuation of early CRRT and beta-blocker InTervention in patients with ECMO (ELITE) trial: Study protocol for a 2 × 2 partial factorial randomized controlled trial
Authors: Dong Jianzeng , Wang Xiaofang , Wang Hong , Du Xin , Wang Zhiyan , Li Chenglong , Anderson Craig , Zhang Jinying , Hou Xiaotong
Published: June 2022

Background
In critically ill patients requiring extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) therapy, early initiation of continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) and beta-blockade of catecholamine-induced inotropic effects may improve outcomes.
Methods
A 2×2 partial factorial randomized controlled trial in eligible ECMO patients without a clear indication or contraindication to either interventions are centrally randomly assigned to (A) early or conventional-indicated CRRT, and/or (B) beta-blocker or usual care. The primary outcome is all-cause mortality at 30 days for both arms. A total of 496 participants provides 80% power to determine a 20% risk reduction in mortality at 30 days with 5% type I error.
Discussion
This trial will help define the role of early CRRT and beta-blockade in ECMO patients.
Trial registration:
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03549923, Registered on 8 June 2018. World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (WHO ICTEP) network: https://trialsearch.who.int/Trial2.aspx?TrialID=NCT03549923). The Ethics Committee of Beijing Anzhen Hospital Approval ID is 2018013.
Inhibiting Property of Phytoconstituents of ‘Aconitum Heterophyllum’ Against Omicron Variant of SARS-CoV-2: Molecular Docking, Molecular Dynamic and MM-GBSA approach
Authors: Lakhera Shradha , Devlal Kamal , Rana Meenakshi , Ghosh Arabinda
Published: June 2022

Omicron’s traces have been found significantly faster than the Delta variant. Persons who already have been vaccinated are also affected by this variant. This shows that vaccines taken to combat COVID-19 are less effective in preventing the Omicron’s transmission. Thus, the identification of effective candidates to fight against Omicron has been the top priority in pharmaceutics. The present study deals with the investigation of the antiviral activities of the phytocompounds of Aconitum heterophyllum against the Omicron variant. The systematic in-silico study done in the paper reveals the good binding of Isoatisine with spike glycoprotein of Omicron. Isoatisine molecule follows most of the pharmacokinetic properties that make it a better drug-like molecule. The computed global reactivity parameters fairly justified the high reactivity of the Isoatisine molecule. This study aims to discover the novel antiviral activity of Isoatisine to counter the Omicron protein. The results of this study can also be considered for experimental validation and clinical trials.
Context Analysis for the Implementation of Physical Activity on Prescription at Madrid Primary Health-care
Authors: Calonge-Pascual Sergio , Gómez Miguel-Ángel , Belmonte-Cortés Susana , Mallén José Antonio Casajús , González-Gross Marcela
Published: June 2022

There is a clear disconnect between the physical activity (PA) health-related benefits and Physical Activity on Prescription (PAP) role in Primary Health-care (PHC) settings. This study aims to assess the self-perception of nurses and general practitioners (GPs) toward PAP in Madrid PHC settings. From a list of 3,850 GPs and 3,547 nurses, a total of 319 GPs and 285 nurses responded to a validated choice-modeling questionnaire. A classification tree analysis (CHAID) was used to analyze which variable or combination of variables, better predicts PAP self-perceptions barriers and facilitators of PHC staff.Almost 100% of PHC professionals are aware of the PA health-related benefits, although, 24.3% to 37.0% of them, considered it adequate only for some sex-specific and aged patients. Only 14.7% of GPs knew WHO PA guidelines in contrast to 75.7% of nurses. Under a classification tree analysis, for the collaboration with all health professionals in the exercise prescription, there were significant differences (p<0.001) between PHC staff agreeing with PA promotion collaboration with all health professionals (yes:29.50%; no:70.50%), and in a second level there were significant differences (p<0.001), with low collaboration with all PAP community resources.PHC professionals are conscious of PA health benefits despite the lack of training and willingness to collaborate with all PAP staff and community resources available under a multidisciplinary PAP approach.This study was enrolled in the Central Commission for research of the Region of Madrid, with the protocol code: 42/17; ID:RP1811600040 (date: 13/12/2017). This research was performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki.
Cardiovascular disease, self-care and emotional regulation processes in adult patients Balancing unmet needs and Quality of Life
Authors: Giacomo Dina Di , Ranieri Jessica , Guerra Federica , Cilli Eleonora , Ferri Claudio
Published: June 2022

Background. Cardiovascular disease is a chronic non-communicable illness that causes more than half of all deaths across Europe. Unhealthy lifestyle, inadequate adherence to medical prescriptions, themselves associated with psycho-emotional disorders are considered risk factors for reduced quality of life as well physical condition.Objective. Aim of our study was to understand predictive factors for management by evaluating psychological aspects, self-care processes and emotional regilati0on in CVD outpatients.Methods. An observational study was conducted. 61 patients, age 18–75 years (M 56.4 ± sd 12.0), diagnosed with CVD participated in the study. The psychological battery was administered during clinical follow-up oriented to detect emotional and psychological dimensions as well adaptive behavioral and quality of life.Results. Finding showed that emotional dysregulation might influence QoL, particularly significant effect of awareness (β = 0.022; SE = 1.826; p < 0.002), goals (β = - 0.54; SE = 1.48; p < 0.001) and clarity (β = - 0.211; SE = 2.087; p < 0.003). The results also suggest that the mediated effect accounted for awareness index was 18.7% (R2 = 0.187) of the variance; goals index 62.8% (R2 = 0.628) of the variance and, then significant mediated effect of clarity was 58.8% (R2 = 0.588) of the variance. This evidence suggests that the relationship between triggers and QoL is mediated by emotional dysregulation indexes. Conclusion. Poor adherence to CVD pharmacological therapy could be addressed by identifying the emotional characteristics, subjective emotion ability, and self-care process of patients who are or may be at risk of non-persistence.
Incidence, Risk Factors, Prevention and Treatment of Postmastectomy Pain Syndrome in Breast Cancer: a Multicenter Study
Authors: Kong Xiangyi , Yang Qinheng , Ouyang Liquan , Liu Qiang , Dong Hao , Wang Zhongzhao , Fang Yi , Wang Jing , Ren Yinpeng
Published: June 2022

Postmastectomy pain syndrome (PMPS) is a common postoperative condition after breast cancer surgery, The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence rate and risk factors of PMPS, and to propose prevention and treatment methods. The study included 1790 postoperative breast cancer patients from three hospitals from 2017 to 2021, of which 302 (13.0%) patients with PMPS were included in the study. Age, breast surgery type, axillary surgery type and radiotherapy are the risk factors of PMPS. Age, radiotherapy and chemotherapy affect the pain degree of PMPS during movement. For breast cancer patients with high risk factors, pain should be actively prevented during perioperative period. Oral pharmacological agents, multidisciplinary combination therapy, local anesthetics and regional anesthesia are the most common treatment of PMPS.
High-pressure behavior of synthetic quenchable hydroxylbastnasite-(Sm): Implications for rare earth elements, carbon, and water transmission into the deep earth
Authors: Li Lin , Liang Wen , Yang Ziqiang , Wen Jingyuan , Zhang Qiqi , Santosh M. , Li Sheng-Rong
Published: June 2022

Carbonatites are one of the major archives of rare earth elements (REE), and their formation in some cases is linked to the deep subduction and melting of REE-rich oceanic sediments. With a view to investigate this model through high pressure experiments, we synthesized hexagonal hydroxyl rare earth carbonate, hydroxylbastnasite-(Sm) Sm(CO3)OH, using DS 6×600t cubic-anvil-apparatus under the pressure and temperature conditions of 3 GPa and 1073.15K. The accurate crystal structure of Sm(CO3)OH was determined using single crystal X-ray diffraction (XRD), which shows the crystal to be hexagonal with cell parameters a = b = 12.2143(7)Å, c = 9.8393(6)Å, V = 1271.26(17)Å3, and space group P6̅. The high-pressure properties of synthesized Sm(CO3)OH were investigated using in-situ synchrotron powder XRD and Raman spectroscopy at pressures up to 20.97 GPa at ambient temperature. The compressibility of the crystal axes was determined as 𝛽𝑎=𝛽𝑏= -2.21×10-3GPa-1, 𝛽𝑐= -1.79×10-3GPa-1 in the pressure range of this study. The isothermal pressure-volume data at room temperature are described using the third-order Birch-Murnaghan equation of state with 𝐾0=137(4) GPa, 𝐾′=4 ,𝑉0=1264.8(3) Å 3. The axial compressional behavior of the hexagonal Sm(CO3)OH was also fitted with a linearized third-order Birch–Murnaghan equation of state, showing an obvious anisotropy with 𝐾𝑎0=128(3) GPa , 𝑎0=12.189(8) Å and 𝐾𝑐0=164(6) GPa , 𝑎0=9.828(7) Å. In-situ synchrotron radiation XRD and Raman spectra of the synthesized quenchable crystal of Sm(CO3)OH displays no phase transition at pressure of a rangefrom ambient to 20.97 GPa and room temperature, indicating that hydroxylbastnasite-(Sm) may play a potential role as conveyor for the migration of rare earth elements (REE), carbon (C) and water (H) to the deep earth during plate subduction.
A Computational Study of Potential Therapeutics for COVID-19 Invoking Conceptual Density Functional Theory
Authors: . Saloni , Kumari Dimple , Ranjan Prabhat , Chakraborty Tanmoy
Published: June 2022

With the amount of destruction COVID-19 has caused to the human race and collapsed health systems, it is impossible to reverse the effect. In spite, the future can be saved with a potential therapeutic medicine that could be effective in the treatment. In this article, we have investigated some of the repurposed drugs namely Camostat mesylate, Hydroxychloroquine, Nitazoxanide, and Oseltamivir in terms of Conceptual Density Functional Theory (CDFT) based descriptors, IR spectra, and thermochemical properties. It is found that the drug camostat mesylate with minimum optimization energy has a maximum HOMO-LUMO gap whereas hydroxychloroquine with maximum optimization energy offers a minimum HOMO-LUMO gap. Results obtained from CDFT-based descriptors indicate that hydroxychloroquine is the most reactive drug among them. Thermochemical data reveals that camostat mesylate has the maximum heat capacity, entropy, and thermal energy. Based on our study, it is possible to propose that the camostat mesylate and hydroxychloroquine have the potential for further exploration as potential therapeutic drugs for COVID-19.
An Automated Segmentation of Leukocytes Using Modified Watershed Algorithm on Peripheral Blood Smear Images
Authors: Abrol Vipasha , Dhalla Sabrina , Gupta Savita , Singh Sukhwinder , Mittal Ajay
Published: June 2022

Purpose: Leukemia can be detected by an abnormal rise in the number of immature lymphocytes and by a decrease in the number of other blood cells. To diagnose the existence of leukemia, image processing techniques are utilized to examine microscopic peripheral blood smear (PBS) images automatically and swiftly.Methods: To the best of our knowledge, the initial step in subsequent processing is a robust segmentation technique for identifying leukocytes from their surroundings. The paper presents the segmentation of leukocytes in which three color spaces are considered in this study for image enhancement. The proposed algorithm uses marker-based watershed algorithm and peak local maxima.Results: The algorithm was used on three different datasets with various color tones, image resolutions, and magnifications. The average precision for all three-color spaces was same i.e. 94% but Structural Similarity Index Metric (SSIM) and recall of HSV was better than other two.Conclusion: The results of this study will aid experts in narrowing down their options for segmenting leukemia. Based on the comparison, it was concluded that when the colour space correction technique is used, the accuracy of the proposed methodology improves.