bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Factors Influencing Rubber Farmers' Knowledge of Climate Change in Rambang District, Muara Enim Regency, Indonesia
Authors: Andika Eva Juniar , Rejo Amin , Puspitahati
Published: April 2024

Objective: The quality of rubber sap and variables related to climate change have a substantial impact on the revenue of rubber producers. The goal of this study was to collect fundamental information on climate change understanding and analyze the factors influencing rubber farmers' climate change knowledge in one of the rubber plantation centers, Rambang Sub-district. Methods: This research was conducted in Rambang District, Muara Enim Regency, which has 13 villages. In-depth interviews and a review of the literature were the main approaches used to acquire data, with the use of questionnaire techniques. Purposive sampling would be used to choose the respondents. Data were gathered, organized, clarified, and then subjected to descriptive correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis. The method of multiple linear regression analysis is utilized to ascertain how dependent and independent variables operate together. Results: Respondents in the research were categorized based on education, age, rubber farming experience, number of family dependents, average rubber income, and total rubber plantation. All farmers agree that climate change has occurred and can feel it. Conclusion: 70.42% of rubber farmers know of climate change, whereas 29.58% are uninformed. Partially (t-test), the variables of age and total rubber plantation significantly affect knowledge of climate change. While the variable level of education, rubber gardening experience, number of dependents, and income do not significantly affect the knowledge of climate change rubber tapping farmers in Rambang District, Muara Enim Regency.
Phytochemical Screening, Identification of Compounds, and Antioxidant Activity Test of Sirsak Extract (Annona muricata, L.) Leaf Grown in North Sumatra, Indonesia
Authors: Br. Tambunan Indah Yani , Siringo-Ringo Esther , Butar-Butar Mastiur Julianti , Gurning Kasta
Published: April 2024

The research is to identify and analyze the secondary metabolite content of sirsak (Annona muricata, L.) leaves, which are extracted with ethanol and water solvents, and determine their potential activity as antioxidants. Extraction using ethanol (Merck) and water as solvent; phytochemical screening uses standard reagents: FeCl3 5% in water, FeCl3 1%, Dragendrof, Mayer, Wagner, Mg ribbon, HCl (concentrated), Liberman-Buchard. Analysis of secondary metabolite compound components from the extract using GC-MS Shimadzu (QP-2010S Shimadzu, Japan) and determination of potential antioxidant activity using the DPPH method. Phytochemical screening of the ethanol extract of A. muricata leaf contains phenolic secondary metabolites, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, alkaloids, and triterpenoids. According to phytochemical screening, A. muricata leaf water extract contains phenolic compounds, tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids, and steroids. The results of ethanol extract analysis using GC-MS obtained 24 types of secondary metabolite compounds with the three highest secondary metabolite compounds, namely dodecanoic acid, 1,2,3-propanetriyl ester (16.76%), dodecanoic acid, 1,2,3-propanetriyl esters (16.52%), and glycerol trilaurate (15.07%); A. muricata leaf water extract contains 15 metabolite compound components with the three highest secondary metabolite compounds, namely n-hexadecoic acid (37.40%), 9-Hexadecenoic acid (16.59%), and benzeneethanol, 4-hydroxy (6.76%). The antioxidant activity value extracted with water solvent has an IC50 of 99.96 ppm, and that extracted with ethanol has an IC50 of 264.51 ppm. A. muricata extract leaf contains various secondary metabolites, and samples extracted with water show better antioxidant activity compared to samples extracted with ethanol.
The Comparative Study of Physical Exercise Towards Brain Natriuretic Peptide (BNP) and Malondialdehyde (MDA) as Oxidative Stress Markers in Rattus Novergicus Wistar Strain Rats
Authors: Aristoteles  , Bin Sansuwito Tukimin
Published: April 2024

Background: Physical exercise has an effect on biological functions, namely a positive effect in terms of cell repair and a negative effect, namely inhibiting or damaging cells. Strenuous physical exercise can increase muscle injury and oxidative stress in individuals who are not conditioned or are not used to physical exercise. In addition, oxidative stress also plays a role in chronic fatigue syndrome. This occurs because the speed of energy demand exceeds the speed and ability of the oxygen transport system to supply oxygen to the mitochondria. The heart muscle is a muscle that has a major role in physical exercise. Oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathogenesis of myocardial infarction. Objectives: The purpose of this research is to determine the difference between aerobic and anaerobic exercise in the formation of free radicals. The formation of free radicals can be predicted by measuring levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and Brain Natriuetic Peptide (BNP). Methods: The design used in this study was an experimental study in vivo with a pretest-posttest design with a comparison group. The subjects of this study were 28 male Wistar rats, Rattus novergicus, which were divided into 6 treatment groups and 1 comparison group. The data is taken by doing treadmill physical exercise with a speed of 20m / minute for aerobics and 35m / minute for anaerobics. Different tests of average MDA and BNP levels were used using independent t-tests, ANOVA, and post hoc. Result: The results showed a decrease in MDA and BNP levels in the aerobic treatment group and an increase in anaerobic compared to the comparison group. The analysis showed that there was a significant difference between the aerobic group for 1 day, 3 times a week, and 7 days, respectively, with p 0.05. Conclusion: It can be concluded that aerobic and anaerobic physical exercise performed 1 day, 3 times a week, and 7 consecutive days can increase the antioxidant defence system so that oxidative stress decreases, which is indicated by a decrease in MDA and BNP levels.
MAD MÄDCHEN
Authors: McCarthy Margaret
Published: April 2024

The last two decades have been transformational, often discordant ones for German feminism, as a new cohort of activists has come of age and challenged many of the movement’s strategic and philosophical orthodoxies. Mad Mädchen offers an incisive analysis of these trans-generational debates, identifying the mother-daughter themes and other tropes that have defined their representation in German literature, film, and media. Author Margaret McCarthy investigates female subjectivity as it processes political discourse to define itself through both differences and affinities among women. Ultimately, such a model suggests new ways of re-imagining feminist solidarity across generational, ethnic, and racial lines.
IMAGES FROM PARADISE
Authors: Salgó Eszter
Published: April 2024

Drawing upon the disciplines of politics, anthropology, psychoanalysis, aesthetics and cinema studies, Salgó presents a new way of looking at the “art of European unification.” The official visual narratives of the European Union constitute the main object of inquiry – the iconography of the new series of euro banknotes and the videos through which the supranational elite seek to generate “collective effervescence,” allow for a European carnival to take place, and prompt citizens to pledge allegiance to the sacred dogma of the “ever closer union,” thereby strengthening the mythical sources of the organization’s legitimacy. The author seeks to illustrate how and why the federalist utopia turned into a political soteriology after the outbreak of the 2008 crisis.
Activity patterns of short-tailed fruit bats Carollia Gray, 1838 in a premontane forest of central Peru
Authors: Rivero Jorge A. , Pellón Juan J. , Zegarra Orlando J.
Published: April 2024

La partición temporal es un mecanismo poco estudiado para especies de murciélagos frugívoros que coexisten en competencia. Describimos los patrones de actividad de Carollia perspicillata (Linnaeus, 1758), Carollia brevicauda (Schinz, 1821) y Carollia benkeithi Solari and Baker, 2006 basándonos en la variación temporal de las capturas en un bosque premontano del centro de Perú. Para C. perspicillata, también fueron comparados los patrones de actividad entre diferentes sexos y estaciones (húmeda vs. seca). Reportamos una superposición temporal (Delta = 0,91) entre las tres especies, siendo más activas al principio de la noche cuando los recursos se encuentran más disponibles. Ni el sexo ni la estación cambiaron el patrón de actividad de C. perspicillata. La evidencia sugiere que estas especies simpátricas no reducen la competencia a través de la segregación temporal.
E-Commerce Adoption: Enablers within Small and MediumâSized Enterprises in Punjab
Authors: Ahmad Salah Ud Din , Nawaz Muhammad
Published: April 2024

The purpose of this research is to examine the influence of e-commerce on Small and Medium–Medium-sized enterprises in Punjab a province of Pakistan. There is resistance to the adoption of e-commerce in certain parts of underdeveloped countries, even though the most successful companies have adopted e-commerce and gained increasing success. This study describes the drivers for e-commerce adoption and investigates the benefits obtained by the companies when they adopt e-commerce. The targeted population for the study was the Small and Medium Sized Companies registered in the Lahore District of Punjab province of Pakistan. The Study selected 400 SMEs in the Lahore District. A structured adapted questionnaire was used to collect the data. The quantitative approach was adopted. Seven dimensions namely ecommerce adoption, top management support, perceived benefits, adoption cost, payment mode/type government support and technology awareness and knowledge were measured by using the Likert scale measurement items, acknowledging the previous studies. The results revealed that top management support, perceived benefits, adoption cost, payment mode/type and technology awareness and knowledge had a significant positive influence on e-commerce adoption within SMEs while government support had a negative influence on e-commerce adoption.
Impact of Macro and Micro Economic Variables on Volatility of Stock Prices: Empirical Evidence from Pakistan's Cement Industry
Authors: Rukh Lala , Ur Rehman Shafiq , Zeb Alam
Published: April 2024

The stock market is the instrument employed for the efficient use and accessibility of funds. The study looks at the macro and micro factors that influence how volatile stock market prices might be. The CPI, which measures inflation, EPS, or earnings per share, GDP, or gross domestic product, and ROE, or return on asset, are the macro variables examined in this study. One considers the stock price to be a dependent variable. The Pakistan Stock Exchange's (PSX) list of cement sector businesses is taken. The entire cement industry sector was chosen, but the number of companies decreased from twenty-two to just fifteen. The remaining companies were eliminated since the data was not available. In the current analysis, ten years of data—from 2012 to 2020—are used. Panel regression models are utilized while keeping in mind the nature of the data; yet, standard deviation and data dispersion are used for volatility.
ULTRASTRUCTURAL FEATURES OF CARDIOMYOCYTE CONTRACTILE APPARATUS IN RAT OFFSPRING HEARTS FOLLOWING MATERNAL CHRONIC ALCOHOL INTOXICATION
Authors: Tverdokhlib I.V. , Marchenko D.G.
Published: April 2024

Background. The mechanisms underlying the development of the heart contractile apparatus and the distribution of myofibrils in cardiomyocytes following intrauterine ethanol intoxication continue to be a topic of significant debate. The aim of this paper is to determine the dynamics of postnatal changes in the ultrastructure of ventricular contractile cardiomyocytes in the rat heart after chronic alcoholization of the maternal organism. Methods. The study focused on the hearts of rat offspring from birth to adulthood. Transmission electron microscopy was utilized to examine the ultrastructure of cardiomyocytes in various zones of the ventricular myocardium. Results. It has been observed that prenatal alcohol exposure induces cardiomyocyte heteromorphism, characterized by varying degrees of damage throughout postnatal ontogenesis in rat offspring. Specifically, cells exhibiting critical signs of destruction in the myocardium of intramural and subepicardial zones of both ventricles aggregate into clusters surrounded by morphologically intact cardiomyocytes, while irreversibly damaged cells with subendocardial localization appear isolated. Following birth, there is a progressive accumulation of mitochondria exhibiting signs of limited functional activity. These polymorphic organelles, featuring a matrix of moderate or low electron density with sporadically developed cristae, primarily concentrate in paranuclear regions and are dispersed along the interstices of myofibril dissociation. Conclusion. Maternal chronic alcohol intoxication results in enduring harm to the contractile apparatus of ventricular cardiomyocytes in rat offspring. This damage manifests as sarcomere structure disorganization, myofibril fragmentation and misalignment, notable suppression of sarcomerogenesis, and reduced myofibril content, all closely linked to mitochondrial alterations.
THE USE OF VERSATEXT IN TEACHING ENGLISH FOR SPECIFIC PURPOSES AT MEDICAL UNIVERSITIES
Authors: Lysanets Yu. , Morska L. , Bieliaieva O.
Published: April 2024

This article explores the integration of data-driven learning tools, as exemplified by VersaText, into the process of teaching English for Specific Purposes in medical education. The study investigates the efficacy of VersaText’s functions (Word Cloud, Concordance, and Profiler) in enhancing language acquisition and proficiency development among medical students. Through a series of classroom-based activities and exercises, students engage with authentic medical texts, analyze linguistic patterns, and develop a deeper understanding of specialized medical terminology. This study discusses the benefits of integrating open-access materials sourced from PubMed and other databases with VersaText's features, further enriching the learning experience by exposing students to real-world medical discourse. By incorporating such authentic materials, educators can enhance students' awareness of current research literature and reinforce their understanding of medical terminology within a contextually relevant framework. The pedagogical implications of using VersaText in ESP teaching are discussed, highlighting its potential for fostering active engagement, collaborative learning, and critical thinking skills. Furthermore, the article emphasizes the need for ongoing research to further refine and expand the use of data-driven learning tools in ESP teaching methodologies. This study contributes to the growing body of literature on technology-enhanced language learning and provides valuable insights for educators seeking to optimize ESP instruction in various professional contexts.
Data-to-Action Workshop Report: Uganda Humanitarian Violence Against Children and Youth Survey (HVACS), 2022
Authors: Undie Chi-Chi , Muthuri Stella , Odwe George , Seruwagi Gloria , Onyango Francis Obare , Kisaakye Peter , Kizito Stephen , Wado Yohannes Dibaba , Villaveces Andres , Hynes Michelle , Fernandez Begona , Ginestra Constanza , Kusasira Darlson , Bafaki Charles , Wasula Lydia , Ogwang Katie
Published: April 2024

The Government of Uganda, civil society organisations (CSOs) and international partners participated in a Data-to-Action (‘D2A’) workshop in Kampala from June 14–16, 2023. The D2A workshop was co-convened by the Office of the Prime Minister’s (OPM’s) Department of Refugees and the Baobab Research Programme Consortium, with support from the Ministry of Gender, Labour and Social Development (MGLSD); UNHCR; and the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) headquarters staff. The Humanitarian Violence Against Children and Youth Survey (HVACS) D2A workshop aims to support countries in creating violence prevention priorities directly informed by HVACS data. These priorities are created by linking HVACS data to the suite of evidenced-based and prudent practices using the INSPIRE: Seven Strategies for Ending Violence Against Children technical package. The outcomes of the D2A workshop are data-driven, evidence-based priorities and actions to prevent and respond to violence against children (VAC) in humanitarian settings in Uganda, with a specific focus on refugee contexts. The priorities will help complement existing policies and plans related to VAC prevention in Uganda, and help fill in gaps that address humanitarian populations.
Аналіз якості життя в пацієнтів з ішемічною хворобою серця та супутньою патологією аортального клапана у віддалений період після протезування аортального клапана з реваскуляризацією міокарда
Authors: Бойко К. С. , Тодуров Б. М.
Published: April 2024

The aim – to conduct an analysis of the quality of life in the long-term period after the use of a hybrid approach, involving a combination of surgical aortic valve replacement (AVR) and endovascular methods of myocardial revascularization, in patients with coronary heart disease and an aortic valve disease.Materials and methods. For this one-center study, medical records of adult patients (over 18 years old) who underwent surgical AVR along with myocardial revascularization in the period from 2018 to 2022 were selected.Results and discussion. We selected 130 patients who underwent AVR together with myocardial revascularization (the first group (n = 51) – a combination of AVR and percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI); the second group (n = 79) – a combination of AVR and coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Damage to the left main coronary artery was recorded by 5.60 times less often (p = 0.018) in the patients of the first group compared to the patients of the second group. The duration of cardiopulmonary bypass and aorta cross clamping in the patients of the first group was, respectively, by 1.5 times and by 1.4 times significantly lower compared to the second group (p = 0.0001). The pain index after 6 months according to the SF-36 questionnaire was found to be 13.5 % (p = 0.017) significantly higher in patients of the first group compared to the second group, while other indicators did not differ among the study groups.Conclusions. Patients with the hybrid approach of treatment were characterized by a similar level of postoperative complications with the surgical group. At the same time, this cohort of patients had a better SF-36 pain index 6 months after the hybrid intervention.
Гібридний підхід до корекції аневризми аорти після хірургічного усунення коарктації аорти в пацієнта з патологією двостулкового аортального клапана
Authors: Харенко Ю. О. , Зеленчук О. В. , Бойко К. С. , Шкандала А. Ю. , Moкрик I. Ю.
Published: April 2024

Today the aortic coarctation is considered one of the relatively most frequent congenital defects of the cardiovascular system, occuring with a frequency of 3 cases per 10,000 newborns. Despite fairly good results of radical correction, adverse long-term consequences may occur, such as persistent hypertension, recoarctation, aortic aneurysm, its dissection or even rupture. In this clinical case, a successful correction of a sac-shaped aneurysm of the aorta in adolescence was demonstrated after removal of the aortic coarctation together with bicuspid aortic valve replacement due to the combined valve disease with advantage of insufficiency.
PENGARUH LEADERSHIP STYLE DAN INTERNAL COMMUNICATION TERHADAP EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT
Authors: Haryanto Irfan , Harsono Regina Deti Mulyo , Marianti Maria Merry
Published: April 2024

Beberapa studi telah menunjukkan bahwa keterikatan karyawan merupakan salah satu faktor keberhasilan organisasi. Karyawan yang sangat terikat dengan organisasi dapat lebih memahami dan peduli dengan lingkungan kerjanya, serta mampu berkolaborasi dengan manajemen untuk meningkatkan pencapaian organisasi. Terdapat beberapa faktor yang menentukan keterikatan karyawan yaitu komunikasi internal dan peran pemimpin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh gaya kepemimpinan dan komunikasi internal terhadap keterikatan karyawan PT Jambu Raya. Penelitian ini melibatkan 125 orang yang bekerja di bagian produksi perusahaan. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa gaya kepemimpinan dan komunikasi internal memiliki pengaruh yang baik dan signifikan, baik secara parsial maupun simultan, terhadap keterikatan karyawan.
DESIGN OF INFORMATION SYSTEM FOR PAYMENT OF WORKERS' WAGES AND PREPARATION OF FINANCIAL REPORTS ON GARMENT UD KELAMBI ANYAR
Authors: Puspitasari Ni Made , Sulastra I Made Dwi Jendra , Putrayasa I Made Agus
Published: April 2024

Information technology developments are beneficial to businesses worldwide, particularly in Indonesia. Businesses that use information technology effectively can store and manage data, expedite business operations, and manage data. Information systems used in accounting are one area where technology is crucial. The purpose of this project is to develop and construct an information system application for the UD Kelambi Anyar clothing firm that will be used for financial report preparation and worker salary payment. For worker salaries, this company historically used manual records, which presented a number of challenges including the possibility of errors, information delays, and difficulty in finding data. This application was developed using the Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) approach using the Waterfall paradigm. Planning, analyzing, designing, implementing, testing, and implementing are the stages of system development. Microsoft Access 2019 was used to create the database for this application, while Visual Basic Applications (VBA) was used to write the code. An information system application that facilitates the recording of worker service payments and the preparation of financial reports, such as profit and loss statements and balance sheets, is the outcome of this research project for UD Kelambi Anyar. In addition to a filter menu to make data searching for employee salary reports easier, this program has a username and password feature to ensure user security. It is envisaged that using this application will improve the financial transaction process' accuracy and efficiency and speed up the process of making management choices.
ORGANIZATIONAL JUSTICE AND COMPLAINT HANDLING TO JOB SATISFACTION : MEDIATION EFFECT ON OBJECTIF WELL-BEING
Authors: Rofiq Ahmad Ainur , Pujianto Wahyu Eko
Published: April 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis pengaruh keadilan organisasi dan penanganan keluhan terhadap kepuasan kerja yang dimoderatori oleh kesejahteraan objektif pada karyawan RSI Siti Hajar. Dalam mengumpulkan data, penelitian ini menggunakan metode purposive sampling untuk mengumpulkan data dari sekelompok 454 karyawan, yang terdiri dari 75 orang yang menjawab. Untuk mengatur variabel, seorang bot diberi skor 1 hingga 5, dan metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah partial least squares (PLS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) ada dampak negatif yang tidak signifikan terhadap kinerja organisasi; (2) ada dampak negatif yang signifikan terhadap kinerja organisasi; (3) ada dampak negatif yang signifikan terhadap kinerja organisasi; (4) ada dampak negatif terhadap kinerja organisasi; dan (5) ada dampak negatif terhadap kinerja organisasi yang signifikan.
Evaluating Cognitive Impairment in a Large Health Care System: The Cognition in Primary Care Program
Authors: Gaster Barak , Suchsland Monica Zigman , Fitzpatrick Annette L. , Liao Joshua M. , Belza Basia , Hsu Amy P. , McKiddy Sarah , Park Christina , Olivari Benjamin S. , Singh Angad P. , Raetz Jaqueline
Published: April 2024

Background: The prevalence of Alzheimer’s disease and related disorders (ADRD) is rising. Primary care providers (PCPs) will increasingly be required to play a role in its detection but lack the training to do so. Objective: To develop a model for cognitive evaluation which is feasible in primary care and evaluate its implementation in a large health system. Methods: The Cognition in Primary Care Program consists of web-based training together with integrated tools built into the electronic record. We implemented the program among PCPs at 14 clinics in a large health system. We (1) surveyed PCPs to assess the impact of training on their confidence to evaluate cognition, (2) measured the number of cognitive assessments they performed, and (3) tracked the number of patients diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Results: Thirty-nine PCPs completed the training which covered how to evaluate cognition. Survey response rate from those PCPs was 74%. Six months after the end of the training, they reported confidence in assessing cognition (mean 4.6 on 5-point scale). Cognitive assessments documented in the health record increased from 0.8 per month before the training to 2.5 in the six months after the training. Patients who were newly diagnosed with MCI increased from 4.2 per month before the training to 6.0 per month in the six months after the training. Conclusions: This model for cognitive evaluation in a large health system was shown to increase cognitive testing and increase diagnoses of MCI. Such improvements are essential for the timely detection of ADRD.
Loneliness, Dementia Status, and Their Association with All-Cause Mortality Among Older US Adults
Authors: Georgescu Michael F. , Beydoun May A. , Ashe Jason , Maino Vieytes Christian A. , Beydoun Hind A. , Evans Michele K. , Zonderman Alan B.
Published: April 2024

Background: Loneliness, dementia, and mortality are interconnected. Objective: We aimed at understanding mediating pathways and interactions between loneliness and dementia in relation to mortality risk. Methods: The study tested bi-directional relationships between dementia, loneliness, and mortality, by examining both interactions and mediating effects in a large sample of older US adults participating in the nationally representative Health and Retirement Study. Out of≤6,468 older participants selected in 2010, with mean baseline age of 78.3 years and a follow-up time up to the end of 2020, 3,298 died at a rate of 64 per 1,000 person-years (P-Y). Cox proportional hazards and four-way decomposition models were used. Results: Algorithmically defined dementia status (yes versus no) was consistently linked with a more than two-fold increase in mortality risk. Dementia status and Ln(odds of dementia) were strongly related with mortality risk across tertiles of loneliness score. Loneliness z-score was also linked to an elevated risk of all-cause mortality regardless of age, sex, or race or ethnicity, and its total effect (TE) on mortality was partially mediated by Ln(odds of dementia), z-scored, (≤40% of the TE was a pure indirect effect). Conversely, a small proportion (<5%) of the TE of Ln(odds of dementia), z-scored, on mortality risk was explained by the loneliness z-score. Conclusions: In sum, dementia was positively associated with all-cause mortality risk, in similar fashion across loneliness score tertiles, while loneliness was associated with mortality risk. TE of loneliness on mortality risk was partially mediated by dementia odds in reduced models.
Genetic Screening of Patients with Sporadic Alzheimer’s Disease and Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration in the Chinese Population
Authors: Li Yaoru , Yang Ziying , Zhang Yanxin , Liu Fang , Xu Jing , Meng Yaping , Xing Gebeili , Ruan Xuqin , Sun Jun , Zhang Nan
Published: April 2024

Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) account for the vast majority of neurodegenerative dementias. AD and FTLD have different clinical phenotypes with a genetic overlap between them and other dementias. Objective: This study aimed to identify the genetic spectrum of sporadic AD and FTLD in the Chinese population. Methods: A total of 74 sporadic AD and 29 sporadic FTLD participants were recruited. All participants underwent whole-exome sequencing (WES) and testing for a hexanucleotide expansion in C9orf72 was additionally performed for participants with negative WES results. Results: Four known pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants, including PSEN1 (p.G206D), MAPT (p.R5H), LRRK2 (p.W1434*), and CFAP43 (p.C934*), were identified in AD participants, and 1 novel pathogenic variant of ANXA11 (p.D40G) and two known likely pathogenic variants of MAPT (p.D177V) and TARDBP (p.I383V) were identified in FTLD participants. Twenty-four variants of uncertain significance as well as rare variants in risk genes for dementia, such as ABCA7, SORL1, TRPM7, NOS3, MPO, and DCTN1, were also found. Interestingly, several variants in participants with semantic variant primary progressive aphasia were detected. However, no participants with C9orf72 gene variants were found in the FTLD cohort. Conclusions: There was a high frequency of genetic variants in Chinese participants with sporadic AD and FTLD and a complex genetic overlap between these two types of dementia and other neurodegenerative diseases.
Unveiling the Molecular Interactions Between Human Transferrin and Limonene: Natural Compounds in Alzheimer’s Disease Therapeutics
Authors: Alrouji Mohammed , Yasmin Sabina , Furkan Mohammad , Alhumaydhi Fahad A. , Sharaf Sharaf E. , Khan Rizwan Hasan , Shamsi Anas
Published: April 2024

Background: Neurodegeneration is a term describing an irreversible process of neuronal damage. In recent decades, research efforts have been directed towards deepening our knowledge of numerous neurodegenerative disorders, with a particular focus on conditions such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Human transferrin (htf) is a key player in maintaining iron homeostasis within brain cells. Any disturbance in this equilibrium gives rise to the emergence of neurodegenerative diseases and associated pathologies, particularly AD. Limonene, a natural compound found in citrus fruits and various plants, has shown potential neuroprotective properties. Objective: In this study, our goal was to unravel the binding of limonene with htf, with the intention of comprehending the interaction mechanism of limonene with htf. Methods: Binding was scrutinized using fluorescence quenching and UV-Vis spectroscopic analyses. The binding mechanism of limonene was further investigated at the atomic level through molecular docking and extensive 200 ns molecular dynamic simulation (MD) studies. Results: Molecular docking uncovered that limonene interacted extensively with the deep cavity located within the htf binding pocket. MD results indicated that binding of limonene to htf did not induce substantial structural alterations, ultimately forming stable complex. The findings from fluorescence binding indicated a pronounced interaction between limonene and htf, limonene binds to htf with a binding constant (K) of 0.1×105 M–1. UV spectroscopy also advocated stable htf-limonene complex formation. Conclusions: The study deciphered the binding mechanism of limonene with htf, providing a platform to use limonene in AD therapeutics in context of iron homeostasis.
A hybrid approach using CNN and active contour model for automated segmentation of macular edema
Authors: George Neetha , Ramachandran Sivakumar , Jiji C.V.
Published: April 2024

Macula is the part of retina responsible for sharp and clear vision. Macular edema is caused by the accumulation of intraretinal fluid (IRF) in the macula, which is further distinguished by the compromised integrity of the blood-retinal barrier, particularly evident in the retinal vasculature. This results in swelling, that may lead to vision impairment and is the dominant sign of several ocular diseases, including age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, etc. Quantitative analysis of the fluid regions in macular edema helps in ascertaining the severity as well as the response to treatment of the diseases. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a major tool used by ophthalmologists for visualizing edema. The prevalent practice for diagnosing and treating macular edema involves measuring Central Retinal Thickness (CRT). Segmenting the IRF in OCT images offers the potential for a more accurate and better quantification of macular edema. This paper proposes a novel method combining convolutional neural network (CNN) and active contour model for segmenting the IRF to ascertain the severity of macular edema. The IRF region is initially segmented using an encoder-decoder architecture. Contour evolution is then performed on this segmented image to demarcate the IRF boundaries. The advantage of the method is that it does not require precisely labeled images for training the CNN. A comparison of the experimental results with models employing CNN alone and with other state-of-the art methods demonstrates the superior performance and consistency of the proposed method.
Analysis of interval type-2 fuzzy controller based interleaved sepic PFC converter for PQ enhancement in power solutions
Authors: Muthu Thiruvengadam P. , Gnanavadivel J.
Published: April 2024

The Power solutions have become indispensable for all the devices in recent years with an appropriate power conversion circuitries and control methods to ensure good dynamic response, improved stability, reliability and efficiency. The main intent of this article is to impart the designing of interval type-2 fuzzy logic controller (IT2FLC) based interleaved Sepic power factor correction (PFC) converter. This work also involves the careful design of the robust controller with enhanced precision and good power quality (PQ) performance at the AC mains. In addition, the development of IT2FLC based power solution improves the overall power conversion with stabilized output in the perspective of its quick rise time, less overshoot and fast settling time in comparison to other traditional controllers. Further, the uncertainties and issues associated with the conventional proportional integral (PI) and fuzzy logic controllers (FLCs) are handled effectively by the proposed IT2FLC controller. Moreover, this preferred converter is modeled with an internal parasitics and its performances are evaluated and compared with other conventional Zeigler Nicholas (ZN) tuned PI controller and FLC by dint of MATLAB/Simulink platform. Finally, the experimental test bench set up of 250 W, 48 V power circuitry is devised and the test outcomes confirm the excellent transient behavior and PQ performances of the modeled power solution.
Combinatorial optimization of C4 olefin production conditions based on interpretable LSSVM&TPE
Authors: Zhou Yancong , Xu Chenheng , Chen Yongqiang , Li Shanshan , Guo Zhen
Published: April 2024

Due to the complexity of the products from the ethanol coupling reaction, the C4 olefin yield tends to be low. Finding the optimal ethanol reaction conditions requires repeated manual experiments. In this paper, a novel learning framework based on least squares support vector machine and tree-structured parzen estimator is proposed to solve the optimization problem of C4 olefin production conditions. And shapley value is introduced to improve the interpretation ability of modeling method. The experimental results show that the proposed learning framework can obtain the combination of ethanol reaction conditions that maximized the C4 olefin yield It is nearly 17.30% higher compared to the current highest yield of 4472.81% obtained from manual experiments.
Multi-variants vision transformer-based malware image classification model using multi-criteria decision-making
Authors: Belal Mohamad Mulham , Sundaram Divya Meena
Published: April 2024

Visualization-based malware detection gets more and more attention for detecting sophisticated malware that traditional antivirus software may miss. The approach involves creating a visual representation of the memory or portable executable files (PEs). However, most current visualization-based malware classification models focus on convolution neural networks instead of Vision transformers (ViT) even though ViT has a higher performance and captures the spatial representation of malware. Therefore, more research should be performed on malware classification using vision transformers. This paper proposes a multi-variants vision transformer-based malware image classification model using multi-criteria decision-making. The proposed method employs Multi-variants transformer encoders to show different visual representation embeddings sets of one malware image. The proposed architecture contains five steps: (1) patch extraction and embeddings, (2) positional encoding, (3) multi-variants transformer encoders, (4) classification, and (5) decision-making. The variants of transformer encoders are transfer learning-based models i.e., it was originally trained on ImageNet dataset. Moreover, the proposed malware classifier employs MEREC-VIKOR, a hybrid standard evaluation approach, which combines multi-inconsistent performance metrics. The performance of the transformer encoder variants is assessed both on individual malware families and across the entire set of malware families within two datasets i.e., MalImg and Microsoft BIG datasets achieving overall accuracy 97.64 and 98.92 respectively. Although the proposed method achieves high performance, the metrics exhibit inconsistency across some malware families. The results of standard evaluation metrics i.e., Q, R, and U show that TE3 outperform the TE1, TE2, and TE4 variants achieving minimal values equal to 0. Finally, the proposed architecture demonstrates a comparable performance to the state-of-the-art that use CNNs.
Evolution of karst rocky desertification and its response to land use changes in different geomorphologic environments
Authors: Zhou Yue , Chen Qiwei
Published: April 2024

Studying the evolution of karst rocky desertification (KRD) in control areas of diverse geomorphologic types and its correlation with land use provides valuable insights for identifying priority areas and implementing effective treatment measures. Employing Remote Sensing (RS) and GIS, this research quantitatively examines the evolution of KRD and its relationship with land use in the karst mountain and gorge areas of Guizhou Province over the period 2010 to 2020. The findings reveal continuous improvement in KRD across the study areas, albeit with noticeable regional disparities. Notably, the karst mountain region exhibited significantly higher change areas and rates of KRD, non-KRD, light KRD, and moderate KRD compared to the gorge area, underscoring better desertification control in the former region. A discernible correlation emerges between different karst geomorphologic types, the distribution and changes in land use types, and the evolution of KRD. Land use change emerges as a pivotal factor influencing the improvement of KRD in these areas. Changes in land use patterns corresponded with a decrease in KRD in dry land, other woodland, grassland, and bare land across both regions. However, the response of KRD to land use patterns varied across control areas with different geomorphologic environments, resulting in geographical differentiation in KRD evolution. Key land use conversions, notably from shrubland to forestland and dry land to garden land in the gorge, and shrubland to forestland in the mountain, contributed significantly to KRD dynamics in these regions. Notably, in the gorge area, KRD primarily occurred in garden land, other woodland, dry land, and grassland. In contrast, in the mountain area, KRD was prevalent in shrubland, dry land, and grassland, highlighting distinct responses and contributions to its evolution. The study observes substantial land use change in KRD-improved areas, particularly in the gorge region. Notably, the responsiveness of KRD to woodland conversions (shrubland, forestland, other woodland) varied across different geomorphologic environments. The dynamics of rocky desertification occurrence (RDO) and the occurrence structure of KRD in various land use types exhibited significant differences between the two regions. The gorge area demonstrated generally higher RDO, with a relatively stable and simpler occurrence structure of KRD compared to the more dynamic and varied structure observed in the mountain area. The sequencing of KRD occurrence in both areas displayed stability in specific land use types, with varying intensities noted between them.
BAYESIAN LENGTH ANALYSIS AND EXPLOITATION RATES FROM THE MAIN TARGET SHARK SPECIES CAUGHT IN THE NORTHWESTERN MEXICAN PACIFIC: A PREAMBLE TO FISHERY INDICATORS
Authors: Carrillo-Colín Luis Daniel , Bada-Sánchez Esteban , Castillo-Géniz Jose Leonardo
Published: April 2024

Sharks in Mexico have economic, fishing, and social importance; however, there are no complete assessments of their populations, mainly due to scarce and inadequate catch and effort data. Nevertheless, through size frequency analysis, it is possible to obtain preliminary fishing indicators to know the status of an exploited population. This study analyzes fishing- dependent data (sizes and sexes) of nine species of pelagic sharks from data collected onboard medium-size shark vessels in the Mexican Pacific from 2006 to 2018. Our results suggest that the average lengths in the catch have remained constant throughout the study period. Similarly, exploitation rates remained below the benchmarks proposed by the literature. However, the results presented in this study should be taken cautiously and only as a preliminary analysis until more complete studies are carried out.
Keywords: bayesian approach, Mexican Pacific, pelagic sharks, total mortality.
Equivalence of a Pontryagin Conventional Resolved Trace Anomaly to a Generalized Wick Rotation
Authors: Maalouf Hani W.
Published: April 2024

The lack of Unitarity is sought after, and is first resolved by an extraction from a unite-scale diffeomorphic transformation. The same result can second be found independently and is based on an orbital-wise Pfaffian differential satisfying a Conformal geodesic. 

Such a fundamental reason is borne out in the multiple methods for the Pontryagin Chiral Fermions density anomalies resolutions being either zero or imaginary results, were, then fore, contradictory or randomly correct outcomes due to the eigenvalue non-separable sorting. 

Confirming then an equivalent (1st as necessary and 2nd as sufficient) condition for Unitarity is via a regularization for the zero component of the Dirac Matrix \(\gamma^{0}\), and a generalization of the Wick rotation. Both above hypotheses contoured around (while directly avoiding) the Einstein Gravity.
Transformation of the content of human rights under the influence of globalisation
Authors: Balynska Olha , M. Yevkhutych Iryna , R. Serkevych Iryna , Zdrenyk Ivanna , Andrusyshyn Roman
Published: April 2024

Human rights have transcended the realm of individual-state relations, becoming a constructive element of state legal systems and promoting the integration of social and legal relations, leading to the emergence of previously unknown human rights. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a legal understanding of them, considering contemporary realities. The purpose of the study is to describe and characterise the latest human rights within the framework of the general theory of law and the state. The methodological basis of the study is civilisation and socio-philosophical approaches, within which analysis, synthesis, and modelling methods were used. The essence of distinguishing generations of human rights boils down to the gradual realisation and resolution of issues of human legal status in a changing reality. Social relations, complicated by historical development, will give rise to new problems in human legal status. Attention is drawn to the close connection of human rights with the sphere of health protection, which arose as a result of scientific and technological achievements in biology and medicine, discussing rights to artificial insemination, euthanasia, organ transplantation, cloning, and gender change. The impact on fundamental human rights through the digitisation of law is analysed. The idea of the universality of human rights harmoniously interacts with the universality of digital technologies, so in the era of digitisation, the content of human rights and the related values do not change, and human rights themselves can become a unifying target perspective in determining attitudes towards new technologies. The main trends in the development of human rights in the conditions of globalisation are modelled, including the universalisation and unification of human rights, the complication of mechanisms for ensuring human rights at the international level, and the increasing importance of judicial law in protecting human rights at the supranational level. The paper focuses on the dependence of globalisation processes on transforming national legal systems in war conditions. The practical value of the study lies in its potential to incorporate the trends in human rights development within the context of globalisation into specific topics covered in courses on state and legal theory, philosophy of law, and the creation of relevant educational and methodological resources
Peculiarities of the formation and application of the institute of diversion (diverting) of children from criminal justice in the Kyrgyz Republic
Authors: Sheishekeeva Gulnara , Smanaliev Kunatbek , Sydykova Zulaika , Ulan uulu Avakan , Toktomambetova Kyal
Published: April 2024

Ensuring the rights and interests of juveniles involved in criminal activities is one of the priority tasks of the criminal justice system, but deprivation of liberty continues to be the most common punishment for children. The purpose of the study presented in this article is to determine the specifics of diversion (diverting) of juveniles from criminal justice and to consider the peculiarities of this legal institution in the justice system of the Kyrgyz Republic. The research employed both general scientific and specific legal methodologies, including logical-semantic, dialectical, abstract-logical, system-functional, historical, system-structural, comparative legal, and information legal methods. The study included consideration of the concept of diversion (diverting) of children from criminal justice, its difference from similar institutions (probation). The factors that determine the need for the earliest possible diversion (diverting) of a child from criminal justice, due to his or her age-related psychophysiological characteristics, were identified. International standards in the field of protecting children, particularly those related to the practice of diverting children from the criminal justice system, are considered. The main aspects of implementing international law on diversion of children within Kyrgyzstanʼs legal framework are identified and analyzed, alongside an examination of relevant provisions in national legislation. Drawing from the experiences of countries like Poland and Georgia, which have successfully implemented this legal mechanism, areas for potential improvement in the regulatory framework are identified. These include defining characteristics of the diversion process such as applicable stages, eligible offenses and age criteria for offenders, as well as the integration of mediation alongside diversion practices. Based on the results of the study, amendments to the national legislation of Kyrgyzstan are proposed, which can be used in the process of drafting bills to improve national legislation on juvenile justice and justice for