bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Flight of the Condors: Evidence on the Performance of Condor Option Spreads in Australia
Authors: Niblock Scott James
Published: December 2017

This paper examines whether superior nominal and risk-adjusted returns can be generated using condor option spread strategies on a large capitalized Australian stock. Monthly Commonwealth Bank of Australia Ltd (CBA) condor option spreads are constructed from 2012 to 2015 and their returns established. Standard and alternative measures are used to determine the nominal and risk-adjusted performance of the spreads. The results show that the short put condor spread produces superior nominal and risk-adjusted returns, but seemingly underperformed when the upside potential ratio was taken into consideration. The long iron condor spread also offers reasonable returns across both performance metrics. On the other hand, the short call condor, long call condor, short iron condor and long put condor spreads did not perform as well on a nominal and risk-adjusted return basis. The results suggest that constructing spreads on the foundation of volatility preferences could be a driver of performance for condor option spreads strategies. For instance, short volatility condor spreads with negatively skewed return distribution shapes appear to add value, while long volatility condor spreads with positively skewed return distribution shapes seem to be less attractive over the sample period. Overall, condor option spreads demonstrate high risk-return profiles, offer versatility in their construction and intended pay-off outcomes, create value in some instances and can be executed across varying market conditions. It is suggested that risk averse investors best avoid condor option spreads, while those with above average risk tolerances may be well suited to the strategies, particularly short volatility-driven condor spreads.
Short and Sweet or Just Short? The Readability of Product Disclosure Statements
Authors: Gilbert Aaron , Scott Ayesha
Published: December 2017

Given the importance of information in making informed financial decisions, it is vital that investors are able to understand the information provided to them. With this in mind, in 2013, New Zealand legislators replaced the existing disclosure documents with the Product Disclosure Statement (“PDS”). The change was in response to large and complex disclosure documents from providers of new or ongoing sales of financial products. PDS documents have a strictly enforced word limit and are meant to be written in plain English to allow “prudent but non-expert” investors access to the information they contain.  We compare the readability of the old prospectus and investment statements (the disclosure documents legally required before 2013) with the new PDS for a sample of superannuation mutual funds (referred to in New Zealand as KiwiSaver funds). We find that while the documents are definitely shorter, there have been mixed improvements in the readability of the documents. The main improvements are a reduction in the amount of finance terminology used, while the language in PDSs compared to investment statements is actually more complex, likely driven by the word limit. As a result, while investors require less finance knowledge, they appear to require a higher level of general education to understand the documents, potentially putting the information out of reach of over half the general population.
The Effecting Factors in The Mass Media in the Sultanate of Oman: A field study on Omani Journalists
Authors: Al-Mashikhi Mohammed
Published: December 2017

The Effecting Factors in The Mass Media in the Sultanate of Oman: A field study on Omani Journalists This study aimed to look into the most important factors that affect the media in Oman; such as the Press and Publications Law (1984), Finance and Advertising as well as social environments such as cultural aspects. In order to answer the study questions, the researcher applied a questionnaire to more than 200 media professionals to find out journalists’ attitudes towards obstacles affecting media content in newsrooms within media establishments in the country The study concluded that; the Press and Publications law control all mass media content. Findings from the questionnaire points that this law is no longer suitable for the media in Oman, which has witnessed some development in recent years. Journalists’ self-censorship is one of the most serious problem affecting the development of the Omani media The study reveals a lack of adequate salary of broadcasters and journalists The study also points that local newspapers dedicate more space for advertising rather than cultural articles. The study found that social environments such as cultural aspects, perspectives towards media professionals do not create a good media-working environment in Oman.
The Counter-Effects Of The Application Of Imprisonment Alternatives On The Families Of The Imprisoned Individuals From The Point Of View Of The Prisoners In The Al-Qaseem Region – SUDIA ARABIA”
Authors: Alsaweel Khaled , Alquisi Saleem
Published: December 2017

The main objectives of this study is to identify the nature of the sequences resulted from replacing the imprisonment punishment on the social, economic and security structure of the families from the point of view of the imprisoned individuals in the Qaseem region of Saudi Arabia. The study sample is composed of 239 jailed individuals representing the Qaseem prisons. In order to answer the main questions, the study used standards of descriptive statistical, and T-Tests of independent samples. The study has concluded that the degree of the reflection of imprisonment alternatives, as punishments, on the social structure of the family is of a high degree and with positive results from the point of view of the questioned individuals, as the main general average was 4.32. it has been shown that the application of imprisonment alternatives has had high positive results on the stability of the family, prevent social disintegration, protect the family of the jailed people, prevent social stigma, provide suitable atmosphere enables social integration of the families of the jailed individuals. Also, it has been elucidated that the application of alternative punishment has high-positive effects, with 4.18 overall average. Alternative punishments secure the families with fixed income, contributes to their economic welfare, and provide appropriate housing. The analyses indicated that alternative punishments have high positive effects in securing and protecting families from crimes, with overall average of 4.09. The study recommends that a public-awareness and opinion should be established and widespread in order to publicize recourse to alternative punishments to imprisonment. Furthermore, the effectiveness of alternative punishment should be emphasized in prevent the families from the social, economic and security negative consequences resulted from the imprisonment of the paterfamilias.
The Acquisition of Syntax: A Nativist Perspective vs. A Cognitivist Perspective
Authors: Al-Balush Rashid
Published: December 2017

This paper looks into how two main frameworks view the acquisition of syntax. These are the nativist approach which claims that language is acquired because human beings are equipped with a language acquisition device in the form of grammatical knowledge, and the cognitivist approach which views language like the other cognitive skills and so claims that we acquire language using general cognitive mechanisms that are not specific to language. The paper reviews a number of studies that report on the acquisition of various aspects of the syntax of natural language; the studies are from both frameworks. The paper then evaluates the claims of the reviewed studies in light of the respective findings, as well as in light of how the findings may be interpreted by the other framework. The paper also presents an analysis of the argumentation techniques that the respective authors use, as well as of how effective they are. It concludes with a proposal for a line of research which is based on research techniques and findings in second language acquisition.
Role of NGOs in motivating youths to volunteer work related to the social and economic returns in the Sultanate of Oman
Authors: Thabit Al-Ani Wajeha , Lashin Mohammed Abdulhameed , Al Fahdi Rashid Sulaman , Al Harthi Aisha Salim
Published: December 2017

This study aims to investigate the role of NGOs in motivating youths to volunteer work in the Sultanate of Oman. Also it analyzes the social and economic returns of youths’ volunteer work in civic societies and the facilities offered to them and the laws and regulations governing the work of volunteer in those societies. Qualitative approach used through collecting data from 90 interviewees represented of 85% of total population. Their responses were coded using (NVivo) program. The study result showed that there are 566 codes. Those codes were analyzed and showed that the social returns of youth volunteers provides more opportunities to them in developing their skills and socially empowering them through their participation in workshops conducted by those societies. Where the Governorate of Muscat coded higher percentage compare with the South Batinah and South Sharqiay Governorates. As for the economic returns, the results showed that it is still at low level. The study results showed there are other returns are linked to the development of society and groups related to the elderly and children. In accordance to facilities provided for youths volunteers where Dhofar governorate shows the highest percentage compared to other governorates. The study result also shows that there is a need for legislation to regulate voluntary work and preserve the rights of volunteers to ensure the continuity of youth’s participations in volunteer work. Upon the study results, many recommendations and suggestions were proposed.
Agriculture in Gaza Villages Prior to the 1948 Palestinian Exodus: A Study of Oral History
Authors: Jabareen Abdul Ghader , Ahmad Abu Diyeh Adnan
Published: December 2017

This paper deals with the subject of agriculture in Gaza villages before the exodus of 1948 caused by Israeli occupying forces. The research has revealed the conditions which were experienced by the inhabitants of these villages in all facets, including the influence of the climate and topography of these villages on agriculture, farming methods and techniques which were used by the Palestinian farmers, as well as the topographical and political problems faced by these farmers. The study has also revealed – through more than 50 oral interviews with farmers who were forced to immigrate to Gaza Strip _ a great deal of Palestinian folk heritage , including songs and proverbs, which were part of their literary life in their happy and rural agricultural community.
Carnab’s Confirmability Principle and Popper’s Objections
Authors: Almoallem Mohsen
Published: December 2017

This article deals with the work of the prominent philosopher and logician Rudolf Carnab in establishing the Confirmability Principle as a tool to distinguish scientific from metaphysical statements, and the objections raised by the philosopher of science Karl Popper to this principle. It also focuses on the philosophical and logical argumentation that lasted decades between them and its outcomes which had an influence on the contemporary shape of the philosophy of science in the twentieth century and how each one of them presented his own account for the nature of scientific methods that contemporary sciences must follow. While Carnab and the logical positivism group in general created the “verification principle” and then the “confirmability principle” as the proper way to eliminate metaphysical ideas from science that hindered its eventual progress for several decades, relying on the inductive method as a ground for scientific progress, Popper on the other hand, thought that in order to achieve such progress one must adhere to scientific theories and more specifically to the “Falsification Principle” in addition to relying on the “Virtual method” which grants the “Rational Hypothesis” a crucial role in contemporary sciences. The article concludes with the results of this argumentation and with how philosophy of contemporary science ended up giving more weight to the rational hypothesis and less to the confirmability principle due to the retreat of rigid empiricism in contemporary sciences, especially in physics. This led contemporary science to depend on philosophy once again.
Description of Number, Person and Tense Features in the Verbal Morphologies of Jibbāli and Lari
Authors: Al Aghbari Khalsa , Ourang Me. Muhammad
Published: December 2017

The study describes a few linguistic features in the verbal morphologies of two understudied languages: Jibbāli and Lari. Jibbāli, a Modern South Arabian language spoken in the southern part of the Sultanate of Oman and Lari, an Indo-Iranian language spoken in Iran, are at risk of being endangered due to the facts that (1) they lack a writing system, (2) they are not taught at schools, (3) they are not the official languages in Oman and Iran and, most importantly, (4) there is no effort recorded to preserve these languages. Therefore, the study aims at exposing the linguistic richness of Jibbāli and Lari through describing the tendencies of their verbal morphologies. This may help revitalize a substantial linguistic aspect of these languages. However, since this study is limited in space, it only focuses on certain morphological features which make these languages stand out. The researchers observe a few undocumented linguistic tendencies in Jibbāli and Lari which may attract attention for further studies. For example, Lari, unlike other Iranian languages, lacks an auxiliary on the progressive tense which is largely expressed via morphemes. Jibbāli also exhibits some linguistic tendencies manifested by having a pronoun that refers to the speaker and another (exclusive) person in the conversation. Jibbāli is also characterized by abundant verbs which exhibit internal change along with a few affixes. Where relevant, features from the verbal morphologies of the two languages are delineated with examples collected through fieldworks and personal communication. Findings revealed that Lari is, by and large, a linear language in which affixes dock on bases to express grammatical contrasts while Jibbāli is highly inflectional with verbal affixes (number, person and tense) and morpho-phonological changes. In addition, affixes were found to play a crucial role in marking tenses and mood in Lari while Jibbāli employed a dual system in marking number.
Phonological awareness and spatial visual memory among sample of dyslexic children
Authors: Huwailah Amsal Hadi , Abu Al Diyar Masad Naghah
Published: December 2017

This study aims to identify the relationship between phonological awareness and spatial visual memory, as well as, to detect the differences between Kuwaiti males and females and non-Kuwaitis with regard to reading learning difficulties in certain variables. The study adopts a comparative descriptive approach and uses sample of 350 primary students (3-5 grades) with reading learning difficulties (200 males and 150 females) Kuwaitis and non-Kuwaitis. Their ages ranged between 8- 10 years. Phonological awareness test and spatial visual memory test are applied. The findings of the study show that there is a statistically significant positive correlation between the components of phonological awareness tests (syllable & phoneme deletion test and non-word reading accuracy test) and between spatial visual memory tests (Forward Spatial Span Test and Backward Spatial Span Test) from males and females sample. There are no significant differences between males and females in phonological awareness skills (phoneme deletion test, and non-word reading accuracy test). Females show better performance than males in spatial visual memory tasks (Forward Spatial Span Test and Backward Spatial Span Test). Non-Kuwaitis show better performance than Kuwaitis in phonological awareness skills (syllable & phoneme deletion, and non-word reading accuracy test) and in spatial visual memory tasks (Forward Spatial Span Test and Backward Spatial Span Test). The results of the regression suggested that the integration of sounds is the only test that can predict reading disabilities. As (syllable & phoneme deletion, and t non-word reading accuracy test) are the most predictable of spatial visual memory.
FILANTROPI BERBASIS FAITH BASED ORGANIZATION DI INDONESIA (Studi Kasus Program PKPU)
Authors: AR Amril Maryolo
Published: December 2017

Philanthropy is an act of generosity that has a sense of sympathy for human beings. Generosity is an integral part of the character of Indonesian society, derived from religious wisdom, culture, and a strong sense of community. The existence of Faith Based Organization (religious-based organization) helps the government in overcoming the social inequalities that occur in middle and lower society. One of the humanitarian organizations based on Islam in Indonesia is the Post of Justice Peduli Ummat (PKPU) which provides assistance, various forms of social activities in various fields. The presence of these humanitarian agencies in Indonesia marks the "new practice of philanthropy" of the Islamic philanthropy movement in realizing the public welfare.
DINAMIKA KONFLIK SUNNI-SYIAH DI INDONESIA PRESPEKTIF KUASA MICHEL FOUCAULT
Authors: Sultriana Sultriana , Mustahyun Mustahyun
Published: December 2017

Sunnis and Syi’ah are two mazhab (Islamic schools ) that often argue in some aspects such as the perspective of the khilafah. Sunni is the majority in Indonesia. It naturally has ego power to do injustice such as pressing and even attacking which Sunni thinks disagree on what Sunni’s members believe, because according to them, their belief is something right. With that understanding, those who are opposed to their counterparts in this case Syi'ah as a minority will be cornered and even intimidated by the Sunni’s majority. In view of the problem, the writer used Michel Foucault's analysis of his theory of "power", how the majority hold the power over the minorities, resulting in labeling, suppression and even physical violence.
DAKWAH YANG BERLITERASI MEDIA: UPAYA DERADIKALISASI DI LINGKUP KAMPUS IAIN KENDARI
Authors: Arnus Sri Hadijah
Published: December 2017

The new media era is a time when every individual has a virtual community other than their community in the real world. The high interactivity of social media and its decentralized nature allows for the enormous flow of information that inflicts social media users. This of course can have a positive impact, but it can also bring a negative effect. To counteract the negative effects of social media, media literacy is needed, in this case for students. Media literacy is done to form a filter on students, in the face of negative exposure in social media that can give effect to the formation of a stereotype of a person against a particular ethnic or religious groups, as well as information charged with radicalism. It is deemed necessary to see IAIN Kendari students who have very diverse ethnic backgrounds and different organizational backgrounds of different groups, thus affecting the difference of individuals in making decisions or in dealing with various forms of information from social media. Media literacy is done through the way of da'wah is to provide understanding to the students how the media to construct a message that is combined with messages that contain knowledge about Islam. This paper will describe the media literacy model for IAIN Kendari students with the form of da'wah which aims to counteract the understanding of radicalism obtained through social media, for IAIN students Kendari.
REVITALISASI TRADISI MASSOLO PADA UPACARA KEMATIAN DI DESA BAEBUNTA (DALAM PERSPEKTIF DAKWAH)
Authors: Said Muhazzab
Published: December 2017

In the social sciences, tradition is defined as customs,  religious rituals, and sacred ceremonies of a particular group of people. Massolo' in Baebunta is indeed a habit, customs, even can be said religious rituals performed on every death of a family member. Based on the purpose and usefulness, massolo tradition 'is a positive thing, because in it there are elements of help to help each other as long as the action is based on sincere intention and not forced. But whatever the motive, the massolo’ tradition needs to be revitalized, straightened and preserved.
Vũ Đức Lợi 1*, Nguyễn Thị Mai Tr Two Alkaloid Compounds Isolated from Tinospora sinensis (Lour.) Merr) Growing in Vinh Phuc Province, Vietnam
Authors: Loi Vu Duc , Trang Nguyen Thi Mai , Hoai Truong Thi Van , Huong Nguyen Thuc Thu , Nam Nguyen Thanh
Published: December 2017

Tinospora sinensis (Lour.) Merr) grown in Vinh Phuc, Viet Nam is one of the most popular and valuable medicinal medicinal plants in the life. In the research and development program of medicinal materials, based on the use of chromatography methods, have isolated two compounds from bone pain harvests collected in Vinh Phuc. The chemical structure of the two compounds is determined to be decarine (1) and iwamide (2) based on mass spectral and nuclear magnetic resonance data comparing to the spectral data published in the literature refer. This is the first publication of the benzophenanthridine of Tinospora sinensis in Vietnam.
Studies Pattern of Injuries Due to Electric Current in Forensic Pathology
Authors: Hung Luu Sy , Thao Pham Hong , Hung Nguyen Manh , Linh Nguyen Hue
Published: December 2017

"Electric shock" is the term used only when the current flows through the body. In addition to the tremendous benefits of social life, electricity also has serious economic consequences, which can be fatal to human life without understanding and non-compliance with the safeguards in living and living produce. We collected 37 victims died of electric shock with medical examination records by the Department of Forensic Medicine - Hanoi Medical University and the Military Institute of Forensic Medicine during the time from May/ 2001 to 7/2016. Results: The male/female ratio was 8,3. The average age was 36,6 the highest proportion is group of age 18-30 (37,8%). Most of the victims were 78,4%, mostly electrical sign at 78,4%, the highest frequency occurred in the right hand 29,7%.
Effects of Carbonyl-cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone on Mitochondrial Function of H9C2 Cells
Authors: Yen Ngo Thi Hai , Khanh Bui Thi Van , Hien Vu Thao , Thuy To Thanh , Bich Pham Thi , Trang Dang Thi Ha , Thu Vu Thi
Published: December 2017

We examined the effects of carbonyl-cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP) on mitochondrial function of H9C2 cells. Composition of mitochondrial membrane lipids (cardiolipin) and mitochondrial membrane potential was analyzed by fluorescence intensity change of tetramethl rhodamine ethyl ester (TMRE) and 10-nonyl acridine orange (NAO) using the LSM800 confocal microscope. Our results showed that CCCP strongly and simultaneously affected mitochondrial structure and function of H9C2 cells.
Globalización versus identidad cultura: un conflicto presente
Authors: Villegas Oromí Alfredo María
Published: December 2017

Si bien se considera que la globalización dio sus primeros pasos a fines de los ’70, los cambios tecnológicos que posibilitaron la masificación de las comunicaciones, la influencia de las redes sociales y las políticas económicas internacionales producidas por el neocapitalismo –China incluido– hicieron de este proceso una herramienta fabulosa para lograr, con un impulso extraordinario, el enriquecimiento de unos pocos.Era necesario uniformar al consumidor para estandarizar la producción y oferta de bienes y servicios, penetrando en los más profundos cimientos de la cultura, con la nada inocente estrategia de arrasar las identidades culturales provocando un impacto social tremendo encubierto en la falacia del “bienestar para todos”.Esta situación ha sido anticipada por intelectuales y filósofos mucho antes, cuando el germen de la globalización aún no había infectado a la sociedad. Acha (1964) y Ricoeur (1966) fueron de los primeros, luego hicieron sus aportes García Canclini (1995), Flores Ballesteros (1997), Bayardo y Lacarrieu (1997) y Massuh (1999).La polémica no está cerrada. Nuestra libertad está en juego bajo el peso de estrategias comerciales ultracapitalistas donde las personas dejan de ser tales para convertirse en consumidores cautivos.
Willka Marka. Aproximación a su proceso histórico de la provincia de Angaraes – Huancavelica
Authors: Quincho Apumayta Raúl
Published: December 2017

El articulo trata de conocer, contrastar los conocimientos teóricos en la práctica de la Historia  (Local y Regional), a través del estudio de la realidad geográfica, histórica y antropológica, así como el análisis de la realidad de Willka Marka como un espacio donde se desarrolló una cultura milenaria, perteneciente a la cultura Chanka del distrito de Kallanmarka y Hatun Wayllay en la Provincia de Angaraes – Huancavelica.
The AU/NEPAD Peace and Security Governance in Africa
Authors: Terwase Isaac Terungwa , Abdul-Talib Asmat-Nizam , Siben Nfor Eric , Puldu Gloria Samdi , Adesina Olubukola S.
Published: December 2017

Peace and security sustainability in Africa has become a vital tool for the developmental agenda of the Africa Union. Hence, the continent’s conflicting issues and fighting against various groups that emerged from militancy, insurgency and terrorism in Africa is the reason why the peace and security department of the African Union was established for the purpose of solving such problems in order to sustain a peaceful African environment. The main objective of the paper is to draw the role of the African Union (AU) and the New Partnership for Africa’s Development (NEPAD) in assisting the African countries in resolving the conflicts which could lead to a state of insecurity. The work made use of qualitative research design through the conduct of interviews as well as the use of other sources such as AU/NEPAD documents, internet sources and journals for the purpose of data collection. The findings revealed that, NEPAD works with the African countries at the country level through the provision of advisory and partnership role on peace and security governance. At the continental level, NEPAD report to the African Union on issues relating to peace and security sustainability which are handled by the AU’s department for Peace and Security.
Trastorno mental y tipo de sustancia consumida: estudio piloto sobre la utilización de la Entrevista de Cribado de Patología Dual (ECDD)
Authors: Sánchez-Morate Tristante Mario ,   Unidad de Conductas Adictivas de San Isidro, Consorcio Hospital General Universitario de Valencia., Miñarro-López José , Montoya-Castilla Inmaculada , Pérez-Marín Marián ,   Departamento de Psicobiología. Unidad de Investigación en Psicobiología de las Drogodepedencias. Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de Valencia.,   Departamento de Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamientos Psicológicos. Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de Valencia.
Published: December 2017

Introducción: la Patología Dual se define como una enfermedad en la que concurren de forma simultánea en un mismo individuo, por lo menos, un trastorno por uso de sustancias y un trastorno mental. Ambos trastornos se influyen de manera mutua, por lo que se recomienda hacer un abordaje conjunto. Objetivo: analizar las características psicopatológicas y su asociación con determinados tipos de sustancias, a través de la Entrevista de Cribado en Diagnostico Dual (ECDD). Método: participaron 63 pacientes de entre 18 y 45 años, con una media de edad de 37.7 años (DT = 9.6), asistidos en la Unidad de Conductas Adictivas de una población de Valencia. Las variables sociodemográficas, clínicas y toxicológicas se evaluaron a través del cuestionario del Sistema de Información para la Evaluación de la Calidad Asistencial en Drogodependencias (SECAD), en tanto que los diagnósticos de Patología Dual se analizaron a través de la Entrevista de Cribado en Diagnostico Dual (ECDD). Resultados: las sustancias que tuvieron mayores índices de demanda asistencial fueron la cocaína y el alcohol. En general, se encontró que 84.13% de los participantes presentaron algún tipo de trastorno del Eje I (uno o más) y que la sustancia que presenta mayor número de psicopatologías asociadas con su consumo es la cocaína. Discusión y conclusiones: la presencia de posibles casos de Patología Dual en la muestra evaluada con ECDD fue muy elevada; se observó una relación entre el tipo de sustancia consumida y la psicopatología diagnosticada. El ECDD se presenta como una herramienta de gran utilidad en la práctica clínica diaria para la detección de posibles casos psicopatológicos en el campo de las adicciones.
Cinética de crecimiento de las fases nitruradas en hierro puro armco obtenidas por el proceso de nitruración en polvo
Authors: Espinosa Elías , Muñoz Sánchez Y. , Cruz Avilés A. , Ortiz Domínguez M. , Cid Blancas J. A.
Published: December 2017

El presente trabajo estudia el crecimiento de las capas de nitruros de hierro generadas por el proceso de nitruración en polvo, sobre la superficie de un hierro puro Armco. El tratamiento termoquímico de nitruración en polvo consiste en un polvo rico en nitrógeno (CaCN2), con el que se cubren las piezas que se desean endurecer empleando la técnica de empaquetamiento en caja. Las variables utilizadas en este estudio fueron: cuatro valores de temperatura (773, 798, 823 y 848K) con cinco tiempos de tratamiento (2, 4, 6, 8 y 12 h)

y tres relaciones activador/polvo rico en nitrógeno (0.20, 0.25 y 0.35). Empleando las ecuaciones de balance de masa en las interfaces de crecimiento ɛ-Fe2N1-y/γ́-Fe4N1-xyγ́ Fe4N1-x/Fe, se determinó la movilidad del boro

en la superficie del substrato (y), considerando la influencia de los tiempos de incubación para cada fase de crecimiento (y). Para validar el modelo de difusión propuesto, el valor simulado para los espesores de las capas ɛ-Fe2N1-yyγ́-Fe4N1-x se comparó con un valor experimental respectivamente. La morfología de las capa fue observada a través de Microscopía Electrónica de Barrido (SEM) y Microscopía Óptica. Las fases ɛ-Fe2N1-yyγ́-Fe4N1-x fueron identificadas por el método de difracción de rayos X.
Seguridad en redes LAN implementando VLAN
Authors: Cruz Domínguez José Martín , Mora Cárdenas Gloria Evila , Beatriz Sauza Avila , Pérez Castañeda Suly Sendy , Cruz Ramírez Dorie
Published: December 2017

Este proyecto está enfocado en aumentar la seguridad que se tiene en una red de área local de un Tecnológico, para ello se implementaron VLANS por configuración de puertos para garantizar la integridad de los datos, con este proyecto se busca reducir el tráfico de la red para agilizar la transferencia de archivos, por cual fue necesario usar un direccionamiento dinámico haciendo uso de VLSM asignando mascaras de longitud variable de acuerdo al número de equipos conectados por VLAN, para cubrir los requerimientos del cliente se hicieron pruebas de conectividad que garantizan que la información únicamente se comparte entre nodos de la misma red lógica, se obtienen resultados satisfactorios reduciendo los dominios de broadcast y agilizando el tráfico de la red.
Pensar como diseñador en la cadena de suministro
Authors: González Hernández Isidro Jesús , Santana Robles Francisca
Published: December 2017

Actualmente las empresas ponen más énfasis en agregar valor a los clientes mediante la innovación en los productos y servicios. Para hacer frente a los cambios en las necesidades del cliente, particularmente en contextos innovadores caracterizados por la incertidumbre y la complejidad surgió un nuevo enfoque para la innovación y el diseño de productos denominado "Design Thinking (Pensando como diseñador)". Por lo tanto, el desarrollo innovador de nuevos productos no es sólo una función de Investigación y Desarrollo, se debe considerar la innovación colaborativa mediante la Integración de la Cadena de Suministro (integración del cliente, la integración de proveedores y la integración interna).
Modelo de negocios e innovación tecnológica
Authors: González Hernández Isidro Jesús , Granillo Macías Rafael
Published: December 2017

Los modelos de negocio están fundamentalmente vinculados con la innovación tecnológica, pero la construcción del modelo de negocio es esencialmente separable de la tecnología. Por lo tanto, una parte fundamental en la innovación en los modelos de negocios es tomar con mucha importancia la innovación tecnológica, ya que la tecnología es el reflejo natural y deseable de los valores de una sociedad tecnológicamente progresiva. Entonces la innovación tecnológica debe conciliar con la innovación del modelo de negocio si la empresa quiere capturar valor.
EFFECTS OF Rhizopus oryzae FERMENTATION OF COCOA BYPRODUCT ON CERTAIN AMINO ACID AND THEOBROMINE CONTENTS
Authors: Sriherwanto Catur , Reksohadiwinoto Budhi Santoso , Mahsunah Anis Herliyanti , Suja’i Imam , Toelak Sarny , Rusmiyati Mia
Published: December 2017

Being the world’s third largest producer of cocoa (Theobroma cacao), Indonesia provides abundant cocoa pod husk byproduct. Despite its high content of biological materials, its use as animal feed, however, has been limited due to its low nutritive values and significant content of antinutritive substances. Thus, this study was aimed to investigate the changes of selected amino acids glutamate, aspartate, valine, alanine, and proline, as well as the antinutritional compound theobromine in cocoa byproduct-rice bran mixed substrate following fermentation using Rhizopus oryzae. The fermented substrate obtained had its true protein content increased from 1.95% to 23.16%. After analyses using ultra-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry, the following amino acids, namely: total and free glutamates, total and free valine, total proline, as well as free alanine underwent increase, while the others decreased. The concentration of the antinutritional factor theobromine was below the limit detectable by HPLC.Keywords: Rhizopus oryzae, Theobroma cacao, theobromine, fermentation, amino acidsABSTRAKSebagai penghasil kakao (Theobroma cacao) terbesar ketiga di dunia, Indonesia mempunyai hasil samping melimpah berupa kulit cangkang kakao. Meskipun kandungan bahan biologisnya tinggi, penggunaan produk samping ini sebagai pakan ternak masih terbatas karena nilai gizi yang rendah serta kandungan zat antinutrisi yang tinggi. Oleh karenanya, penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui perubahan kandungan asam amino glutamat, aspartat, valin, alanin, dan prolin, serta senyawa antinutrisi teobromin dalam campuran hasil samping coklat-dedak padi pasca fermentasi menggunakan Rhizopus oryzae. Substrat hasil fermentasi mengalami peningkatan kandungan protein sejati dari 1,95% menjadi 23,16%. Hasil analisis menggunakan ultra-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry, menunjukkan bahwa kandungan asam amino: glutamat total dan glutamat bebas, valin total dan valin bebas, prolin total, serta alanin bebas mengalami peningkatan, sementara asam amino selainnya mengalami penurunan. Kandungan antinutrisi teobromin berada di bawah ambang batas deteksi oleh HPLC.Kata kunci: Rhizopus oryzae, Theobroma cacao, teobromin, fermentasi, asam amino
Potensi Penerapan Konsep Produksi Bersih Pada Industri Keramik di Probolinggo
Authors: Widodo Lestario
Published: December 2017

Sektor industri merupakan sektor yang sangat strategis untuk diandalkan dalam mendukung pertumbuhan ekonomi. Walaupun demikian dalam sisi lainsektor ini  memberikan kontribusi yang cukup signifikan terhadap permasalahan degradasi lingkungan dan penurunan sumberdaya alam (SDA). Untuk mencegah terjadinya pemanfaan SDA yang boros dan tidak efisien serta mengurangipotensi dampak lingkungan maka industridalam pengoperasiannyaperlu menerapkankonsep produksi bersih (clean production). Kota Probolinggo memiliki banyak industri keramik yang masih belum efisien dalam menggunakan sumber daya dalam proses produksinya. Oleh karena itu, penelitian tentang penerapan konsep Produksi Bersih di industri keramik Kota Probolinggo ini dilaksanakan dengan tujuan untukmengidentifikasikan jenis keluaran yang non-produk atau Non Product Output(NPO), upaya penanganan NPO dan memberikan rekomendasi prioritas penanganan NPO tersebut dalam upaya peningkatan efisiensi produksi, penurunan tingkat pencemaran serta penurunan biaya produksi.Mengingat industri keramik merupakan industri yang berbasis pada penggunaan energi (energy intensive based industry) maka upaya peningkatan suhu pembakaran untuk mengurangi produk yang tidak sesuai (unspecification products)akan memberikan dampak pada penurunan limbah yang keluar.Selain itu,penggantian lampu biasa dengan lampu hemat energisertapemasangan meteran listrik (alat ukur konsumsi listrik) pada setiap peralatan produksi dapat memberikan informasi bagi manajemen dalam mengambil keputusan terkait dengan penghematan.Berdasarkan data empiris, potensi penghematan yang dapat dilakukan dengan penerapan konsep produksi bersih ini berkisar antara 10% dan 30% dari biaya produksi.Kata Kunci: Produksi Bersih, Non Product Output,Sustainable Resource Management
Status Kandungan Logam Berat Perairan Pesisir Kabupaten Aceh Utara dan Kota Lhokseumawe
Authors: Komarawidjaja Wage , Riyadi Agung , Garno Yudhi Soetrisno
Published: December 2017

Kawasan pesisir Kota Lhokseumawe-Kabupaten Aceh Utara merupakan salah satu pusat pertumbuhan ekonomi di Provinsi Daerah Khusus Aceh, yang telah ditetapkan menjadi kawasan ekonomi khusus (KEK), dan didalamnya akan beroperasi industri-industri baru. Dengan beroperasinya industri-industritersebut maka dimasa yang akan datang perairan pesisir Lhoksemawe-Aceh akan menjadi tujuan akhir dari berbagai limbah dari industri di KEK Lhokseumawe yang diantaranya mengandung logam berat. Dalam rangka mengetahui peningkatan konsentrasi logam berat dimasa mendatang diperlukan informasi kadungan logam berat saat ini. Untuk itulah maka penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui konsentrasi logam berat, seperti Air raksa (Hg), Cadmium (Cd), Tembaga (Cu), Timbal (Pb) dan Seng (Zn). Penelitian ini mengungkapkan bahwa selain Timbal (Pb), konsentrasi logam berat yang diteliti di perairan Louksemawe-Aceh Utara masih berada dibawah ambang batas baku mutu yang berlaku di wilayah Indonesia. Berkenaan dengan kualitas perairan yang cenderung memburuk tersebut, maka pengolahan limbah di setiap industri yang beroperasi di dalam KEK Lhokseumawe perlu dilakukandengan baik.  Kata kunci : Kawasan Pesisir, Kawasan Ekonomi Khusus, Perairan pesisir, logam berat
Paparan Limbah Cair Industri Mengandung Logam Berat pada Lahan Sawah di Desa Jelegong, Kecamatan Rancaekek, Kabupaten Bandung
Authors: Komarawidjaja Wage
Published: December 2017

Lahan persawahan di Jelegong, Kecamatan Rancaekek merupakan salah satu wilayah yang terkena dampak limbah cair kawasan Industri tekstil. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini dilakukan di desa Jelegong, yang bertujuan mengkaji paparan kandungan logam berat limbah  industri tekstil di lahan persawahan.Hasil analisa contoh tanah dari lahan persawahan tersebut, menunjukkan beberapa logam berat terdeteksi dalam konsentrasi yang cukup tinggi.  Kandungan logam berat yang tinggi adalah Cr (0,06-174,7 mg/l), As (0,28-4,0 mg/l) dan Hg (25,9 – 92,2 mg/l), sementara konsentrasi logam berat yang lain, Pb(0,05 – 11,7 mg/l), Cd (0,02 – 0,17 mg/l).  Kandungan Cr contoh tanah sawah menurut peraturan USEPA termasuk dalam kategori tercemar ringanpada titik sampel LS-4(Cr 25,6mg/l), LS-03(Cr 27,4mg/l), LS-02(Cr 34,1mg/l) dan tercemar beratpada LS-01(Cr 174,7mg/l). Sementara berdasarkan bakumutu lahan tercemar logam berat Thailand, As  dan Hg telah melampaui batas maskimum yang diperbolehkan, dimana untuk contoh tanah LS-03 (As 4,0mg/l) dan LS-04(As 4,2mg/l), sedangkan untuk Hg telah melampaui batas maskimum yang diperbolehkan pada contoh tanah LS-02(Hg 25,9mg/l) dan LS-01(Hg 92,2mg/l).Mengingat konsentrasi logam berat yang terukur merupakan hasil akumulasi, maka meskipun beberapa kandungan logam berat terukur rendah, tetap harus dilakukan pengawasan yang teratur.Kata kunci :industri tekstil, limbah cair tekstil, logam berat, lahan sawah
Emisi CO2 dari Pengembangan Biodiesel Kelapa Sawit: Simulasi Perhitungan Menggunakan Software SMART-EPOI
Authors: Suwedi Nawa
Published: December 2017

Salah satu jenis energi baru dan terbarukan yang didorong pemerintah untuk dikembangkan adalah biodiesel kelapa sawit. Dalam kebijakannya pada tahun 2020 pemerintah bertekad untuk meningkatkan bauran energi biodiesel kelapa sawit ke dalam solar sebesar 20% dari konsumsi energi nasional. Terkait dengan komitmen pemerintah di dalam protokol Kyoto, pengembangan biodiesel kelapa sawit merupakan bagian dari rencana aksi nasional pengurangan gas rumah kaca (RAN-GRK) khususnya di sektor energi dan transportasi. Oleh karena itu, dalam rangka mendukung program RAN-GRK penelitian ini ditujukan pada penghitungan besarnya penurunan emisi CO2 dari kegiatan pengembangan biodiesel kelapa sawit. Besarnya penurunan emisi CO2 dihitung dengan menggunakan perangkat lunak Smart-EPOI (Smart Evaluation of Palm Oil Industry) yang dikembangkan oleh peneliti sendiri. Hasil perhitungan penurunan emisi CO2 dari penggunaan 4,82 juta kilo liter biodiesel kelapa sawit per tahun adalah 9.043,56  ton CO2e/tahun.Kata Kunci: Emisi CO2, gas rumah kaca, biodiesel kelapa sawit, RAN-GRK, dan Smart-EPOI
Ujicoba Konsorsium Mikroba dalam Upaya Bioremediasi Tanah Tercemar Minyak Dengan Menggunakan Teknik Landfarming Skala Bangku
Authors: Prayitno Joko
Published: December 2017

Penelitian ini bertujuan mempelajari pengaruh dari pemberian konsorsium bakteri, dosis bakteri dan bahan organik yang diberikan ke dalam tanah tercemar minyak asal Bojonegoro menggunakan teknik landfarming skala bangku. Percobaan ini terdiri dari dua bagian, yaitu penambahan mikroba tanpa atau dengan penambahan bahan organik. Konsorsium bakteri yang dicoba adalah K1 (campuran strain 3.3, 3.4 dan 6.9) dan K2 (campuran strain P2 dan P6). Dosis konsorsium bakteri yang diuji adalah 106, 109 dan 1012 cfu/g tanah. Kadar minyak awal dalam tanah adalah 5,8% dan 4,6%. Sebelum diinokulasi, tanah ditambahkan pupuk Urea dan NPK. Hasil percobaan 1 menunjukkan bahwa terjadi peningkatan suhu tanah hingga 40ºC dan penurunan pH dari 8.1 menjadi 7.6 pada minggu pertama percobaan. Nilai TPH masing-masing perlakuan turun dari 5,8% menjadi 2.8-3.2% setelah 12 minggu. Analisis statistik menyatakan bahwa pemberian konsorsium, dan dosis konsorsium bakteri tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap penurunan nilai TPH maupun terhadap populasi mikroba tanah. Pada percobaan 2 (dengan penambahan bahan organik), kedua konsorsium bakteri dapat menurunkan TPH di bawah 1% setelah 5 minggu percobaan. Berdasarkan hasil percobaan ini, konsorsium bakteri yang dikembangkan di lab diduga mengalami kendala lingkungan yang menyebabkan tidak dapat hidup lama di tanah.Kata kunci: bioremediasi,konsorsium mikroba, tanah tercemar minyak,  TPH
Jejak Karbon Individu Pegawai di Instansi Pemerintah Studi Kasus Pegawai Pemerintahan di Kawasan Puspiptek, Tangerang Selatan
Authors: Santoso Arif Dwi
Published: December 2017

Peningkatan konsentrasi gas rumah kaca (GRK) di atmosfir bumi sebagian besar disebabkan oleh gas karbon dioksida (CO2), termasuk didalamnya adalah emisi gas karbondiosida yang dihasilkan dari aktivitas individu manusia dalam waktu tertentu yang disebut jejak karbon atau carbon footprint. Dalam penelitian ini jejak karbon individu dihitung dari berbagai aktivitas individu yang berpotensi menghasilkan emisi terhadap 35 sampel pegawai yang bekerja pada Instansi Pemerintah di kawasan Puspiptek Tangerang Selatan. Perhitungan jejak karbon dilakukan dengan menggunakan perhitungan emisi faktor yang telah diadaptasi dari sumber yang terpercaya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pegawai yang berkantor di kawasan Puspiptek secara rutin mengemisikan gas karbon sebesar 3.1 - 6.6 ton CO2-e/orang/tahun  atau rata-rata 4,96 ±1,23 ton CO2-e/orang/tahun.  Emisi karbon terdistribusi untuk aktivitas transportasi sebesar 2,3 ±0,78 ton CO2-e/ orang/tahun, konsumsi makanan sebesar sebesar 1,35 ±0,27 ton CO2-e/orang/tahun, hiburan 0,34 ±0,13 ton CO2-e/ orang/tahun, sampah 0,29 ±0,05 ton CO2-e/orang/tahun dan keperluan lainnya 0,39 ±0,02 ton CO2-e/orang/tahun. Hasil investigasi menyatakan bahwa tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara emisi karbon yang dikeluarkan oleh pegawai laki-laki dan pegawai perempuan. Pegawai laki-laki mengemisikan gas karbon sebesar 4,965 ton CO2-e/orang/tahun sedangkan pegawai perempuan sebesar 4,923 ton CO2-e/orang/tahun. Tingginya aktivitas kantor yang diwakili oleh pegawai  dengan tingkat pendidikan yang lebih tinggi meningkatkan emisi. Demikian pula dengan semakin tinggi gaji pegawai mempengaruhi tingginya emisi karbon secara signifikan.Kata kunci : pemanasan global, gas rumah kaca (GRK), jejak karbon, pegawai Instansi Pemerintah
FENOMENA TERJADINYA KERUSAKAN PADA MATERIAL BATANG PISTON
Authors: Nusa Setia
Published: December 2017

Fenomena terjadinya kerusakan pada material batang piston, tulisan ini membahas tentang batang piston atau connecting rod sebagai batang penyambung berfungsi untuk memindahkan gaya yang mendorong piston, pada mesin yang mengubah gerak vertikal/horizontal dari piston menjadi gerak rotasi (putaran). Terjadi kerusakan dan pecah pada area bushing dan patah pada batang connecting rod. Dilakukan penelitian untuk mengetahui penyebab kerusakan tersebut dengan metode fractography, metalography, uji kekerasan dan uji komposisi kimia dan secara visual. Ditemukan indikasi kerusakan berawal pada dearah bushing dengan awal retak (initial crack) dan penjalaran retak (crack propagation) juga beberapa retak rambut, ini bentuk patah fatik dan menyebabkan patah pada batang connecting rod dengan ciri patah ulet (ductile fracture). Patah fatik akibat dari benturan halus yang berlangsung beberapa lama akibat dari rongga bushing yang longgar karena kurangnya pelumasan atau pelumasan yang kurang sempurna.

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Kata kunci : Connecting Rod â€“ Pelumasan â€“ Longgar â€“ Retak â€“ Pecah
KAJIAN PEMBUATAN PAKAN LOKAL DIBANDING PAKAN PABRIK TERHADAP PERFORMAN AYAM KAMPUNG DI GORONTALO
Authors: Akhadiarto Sindu
Published: December 2017

Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Badan Ketahanan Pangan dan Pusat Informasi Jagung (BKPPIJ), Provinsi Gorontalo, selama 10 minggu. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui performans (penampilan) ayam lokal yang diberi pakan dari bahan baku lokal (buatan sendiri) dibandingkan dengan pakan buatan pabrik. Materi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah ayam kampung (lokal), umur satu hari (DOC), sebanyak 200 ekor. Rancangan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan empat perlakuan dan lima ulangan. Perlakuan dalam penelitian ini adalah pakan lokal dengan protein 16,2% (A), 17,7 % (B), 21,5 % (C), dan sebagai pembanding pakan industry (pabrik) protein 20,2 % (D). Untuk mengetahui pengaruh perlakuan, dilakukan dengan Analisa Sidik Ragam. Pengujian selanjutnya dilakukan dengan uji Jarak menurut prosedur Duncan. Berdasarkan analisis ekonomi menunjukkan bahwa pembuatan pakan dari bahan baku lokal dengan protein 17,7 % dan energi metabolisme 2.323 Kkal/kg (Perlakuan B), ternyata memberikan keuntungan paling baik (R/C = 1,49), dibandingkan dengan pakan industri (Perlakuan D) dengan R/C = 1,19. Oleh karena itu, pemberian pakan ayam yang dibuat dari bahan baku lokal cukup potensi dikembangkan di Gorontalo.
Yale MeSH Analyzer
Authors: Hocking Robyn
Published: December 2017

Product: Yale MeSH AnalyzerPurpose: Using PMID numbers, the Analyzer creates table of key Medline metadata for visual comparison and analysis.URL: http://mesh.med.yale.edu/Intended audience: Medline searchers of any experience level.Cost: FreeBottom line: The Yale MeSH Analyzer helps users to visually compare Medline indexing information to enhance their search strategies.
Yale MeSH Analyzer: A Personal Experience
Authors: Horn Daphne Dawn
Published: December 2017

A personal account of using the Yale MeSH Analyzer for the first time.