bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Utilization of ART Services Among People Living with HIV During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Case of Kampala District
Authors: Emmanuel Sendaula , Loy Alupo Anne , Patrickson Ayella
Published: October 2022

Introduction:

The intense pressure on the health system coupled with strict measures have interrupted ART service utility during the COVID 19 pandemic. In this study, we assessed the Utilization of ART services among People Living with HIV during the COVID-19 pandemic in Kampala District, Uganda.

Methods:

We studied 9952 records of patient encounters between 24th March and 1st June 2020 from the Open Medical Records System (EMR) and obtained an analytical sample of 647 encounters for PLHIV enrolled in Kampala district; 243 from the Mbuya site, 274 from Kinawataka site and 130 from Banda site. We assessed factors associated with inadequate ART utilization using the modified poison regression (generalized linear model with a poisoned family and a log link) and reported clustered robust standard errors with their corresponding Prevalence Ratios.

Results and Discussion:

The rate of ART utilization during the COVID-19 pandemic in the Kampala district was inadequate (14.71%). PLHIV who were in WHO clinical stage 3 had aPR=18.065, 95%CI=17.396 18.759, and P-value =0.001 as compared to those in WHO stage 1. PLHIV who were obese had aPR=1.439, 95% CI=1.103 1.879, P-value =0.007 as compared to those with normal BMI.

Conclusion:

The factors associated with inadequate ART utilization were body mass index and WHO clinical staging of the disease. This information is crucial for strengthening HIV programs and interventions in terms of access to ART services, with a focus on obese infected individuals and those with advanced HIV disease during pandemics that require lock-down measures.
Las Estatuas Galaico Lusitanas en posición de parada. II Contextualización Cronoestilística y función
Authors: Ríos González Sergio
Published: October 2022

The second part of our study starts with a review of the current state of knowledge about pre-Roman sculpture out of the Greco-Italic area, confirming the lack of any relationship between Castro sculpture in the NW of the Iberian Peninsula and the local sculpture tradition during the Bronze Age or the Iberian and Barbarian European sculpture. Next, we deal a formal analysis of the standing warriors, paying attention to both the arms depicted (there are similar examples at the end of the first century BC) and the inherited techno-stylistic solutions from Greco-Italic tradition. Finally, we propose a functional interpretation for these warrior statues as a Roman artistic creation in order to promote the recruitment of auxiliary troops during Cantabrian Wars.
La hibridación cultural en los castros del entorno de Lucus Augusti (Lugo, Galicia) a través de la cerâmica común de Época Romana
Authors: Barbazán Domínguez Sara , Ramil Rego Eduardo , Lozano Hermida Hugo
Published: October 2022

This study focuses on the characterization of the common pottery productions present in Roman contexts from different deposits in the surroundings of the city of Lucus Augusti, with the main objective of interpretate the transformations that occurred in the zone after the integration of this territory in the Roman world. Through an approach that bets on the analysis of cultural exchange that gives rise to a hybrid culture that has its echo in the pottery, we studied the productions of the hill fort of Saa (A Pastoriza), Agra dos Castros (Lugo) and Viladonga (Castro de Rei). These are different places from each other, which are at different distances from the city and with occupations in periods between the s. I BC and the s. V AD, which has allowed to observe the different realities present in the territory
Biogeochemical Engineering: Technologies for Managing Environmental Risks
Authors: Bashkin Vladimir N.
Published: October 2022

This research aims at one of the most important economic and environmental problems - the elimination of the consequences in case of emergency spills while cleaning petroleum products. The objectives of the study include the development and production of new biological products and biosorbents based on carbon-oxidizing microorganisms, testing the developed technologies for environmental risk management to eliminate the consequences of emergency petroleum product spills, creating an algorithm for conducting preliminary studies in vitro for their subsequent use in situ. A biological product and a biosorbent were developed to clean soils and water from hydrocarbon pollution were developed based on the developed consortiums of strains of carbon-oxidizing microorganisms. Biogeochemical technologies for producing and applying new biological products and biosorbents have been developed. The natural biogeochemical structure of the ecosystems is restored, and this is revealed by studying the species composition of the microbiocenosis or by analyzing the enzymatic activity of the microorganisms in soil or water. Finally, the effectiveness of the risk management method based on biogeochemical and, in particular, microbial engineering methods under conditions of oil pollution has been proven.
The Effect of the First UK COVID-19 Lockdown on Users of the Drink Less App: Interrupted Time Series Analysis of Sociodemographic Characteristics, Engagement, and Alcohol Reduction
Authors: Oldham Melissa , Perski Olga , Loebenberg Gemma , Brown Jamie , Garnett Claire
Published: October 2022

Background

The first UK COVID-19 lockdown had a polarizing impact on drinking behavior and may have impacted engagement with digital interventions to reduce alcohol consumption.

Objective

We examined the effect of lockdown on engagement, alcohol reduction, and the sociodemographic characteristics of users of the popular and widely available alcohol reduction app Drink Less.

Methods

This was a natural experiment. The study period spanned 468 days between March 24, 2019, and July 3, 2020, with the introduction of UK lockdown measures beginning on March 24, 2020. Users were 18 years or older, based in the United Kingdom, and interested in drinking less. Interrupted time series analyses using generalized additive mixed models (GAMMs) were conducted for each outcome variable (ie, sociodemographic characteristics, app downloads and engagement levels, alcohol consumption, and extent of alcohol reduction) for existing (downloaded the app prelockdown) and new (downloaded the app during the lockdown) users of the app.

Results

Among existing users of the Drink Less app, there were increases in the time spent on the app per day (B=0.01, P=.01), mean units of alcohol recorded per day (B>0.00 P=.02), and mean heavy drinking (>6 units) days (B>0.00, P=.02) during the lockdown. Previous declines in new app downloads plateaued during the lockdown (incidence rate ratio [IRR]=1.00, P=.18). Among new app users, there was an increase in the proportion of female users (B>0.00, P=.04) and those at risk of alcohol dependence (B>0.00, P=.01) and a decrease in the proportion of nonmanual workers (B>–0.00, P=.04). Among new app users, there were step increases in the mean number of alcohol units per day (B=20.12, P=.03), heavy-drinking days (B=1.38, P=.01), and the number of days the app was used (B=2.05, P=.02), alongside a step decrease in the percentage of available screens viewed (B=–0.03, P=.04), indicating users were using less of the intervention components within the app.

Conclusions

Following the first UK lockdown, there was evidence of increases in engagement and alcohol consumption among new and existing users of the Drink Less app.
Analysis of “the Other World” in Naoko Awa’s Fairy Tales
Authors: Zhiyun Cui
Published: October 2022

This paper analyzes the other world in Naoko Awa’s fairy tales. Firstly, it elaborates the definition of other world, then analyzes the types of other world and the symbolic meaning of other world in her works, and then discusses the characteristics of other world in her fairy tales and the reasons for its formation. Naoko Awa’s fairy tales have strong Japanese classical culture color. The other world in her fairy tales is not only deeply influenced by Japanese ancient language, but also can feel the strong atmosphere of Japanese ocean belief and mountain belief.
The use of sodium bicarbonate solution in the treatment of respiratory syndromes in COVID-19 in pediatric patients in Tarauacá, Acre
Authors: Gadelha Helen , Santana Ana Karolina , da Silva Maria da Conceição Silva , Prado Úrsula Mendonça , Dantas Thiago Cordeiro , Borges Darla Lourenço , Soares Laura Elisa Pontes , Saraiva Deiver Jerônimo , Carmo Beatriz Bispo do , Lobato Cirley Maria de Oliveira , Pereira Rita de Cássia Ribeiro , Almeida Angélica Bento de , Reis Luciano Patrocínio dos , Furtado Cydia de Menezes , Soares Carolina Pontes
Published: October 2022

Introduction: This study aimed to evaluate the use of sodium bicarbonate solution as an adjunct in the treatment of pediatric patients with moderate symptoms through nebulization. Methods: Two matched groups were followed, of which 2 received treatment with sodium bicarbonate solution along with conventional treatment and 2 patients used saline solution plus conventional treatment. Results: Pulmonary auscultation was better in snoring and crackles in patients treated with sodium bicarbonate solution compared to patients treated with saline. Radiological findings, decreased opacity and bilateral consolidations, as well as reduced length of hospital stay (increase) were observed in patients treated with sodium bicarbonate solution. Conclusion: The use of sodium bicarbonate solution as an adjunct in the treatment of COVID-19 improved the prognosis compared to conventional treatment in pediatric patients.
The paths of religation of knowledge: Towards an agroecological based education
Authors: Gervais Ana Maria Dubeux , Silva José Nunes da , Benzaquen Julia Figueredo , Alencar Anderson Fernandes , Silva Tarcísio Augusto Alves da , Júnior Walter Santos Evangelista , Mattos Luis Claudio Monteiro de , Jalil Laeticia Medeiros , Machado Maria Rita Ivo de Melo , Lacerda Francinete Francis , Figueiredo Marcos Antonio Bezerra , Mosquera Óscar Emerson Zúñiga , Mattos Jorge Luiz Schirmer de
Published: October 2022

The ongoing civilizational crisis has made humanity rethink the way it has treated planet earth. The infinity of natural resources, on the one hand, and awareness, on the other, have placed the idea of collapse and the possibility of Homo sapiens, as well as other species, completely disappearing from the face of the earth. However, initiatives have emerged to repair the damage done in the past and present with a view to imprinting, but from now on, another logic to the peremptory relationship between humanity and nature. This is true in the field of sciences with the emergence of Agroecology, which can become the new great paradigm of today, given the depth with which it deals with the issues of our time. Because its practice has been rescued and/or incorporated into people's way of seeing and living. Its principles and foundations have been expressed in a true movement, winning minds and hearts in academia and on the agenda of social movements. But while it's a consistent move, it doesn't seem to be happening at the deserved or desired speed. Nevertheless, its insertion in school benches has yielded great quantitative advances. The fact is that dozens of Agroecology courses at technical, bachelor's and postgraduate levels have sprung up abroad, spreading the teachings of Agroecology. Hence, why, we propose to weave a more qualitative theoretical approach on the bases on which these experiences have been guided, in order to contribute to what we can define as Education in Agroecology.
El fenómeno de Airbnb bajo la lupa: estudios académicos desde América Latina
Authors: Saban Laila , Rodríguez Moz Cush Madigan
Published: October 2022

El fenómeno desencadenado por la empresa norteamericana Airbnb, cuya plataforma digital posibilita alquileres temporarios de habitaciones y viviendas, ha sido uno de los grandes impulsores de transformación, cambio y conflicto en ciudades por el mundo entero desde su aparición en 2008. En las grandes urbes de América Latina, la presencia de Airbnb tiene un desarrollo análogo en términos cuantitativos al de las ciudades del Norte Global. Ante esta situación nos preguntamos: ¿qué dice la academia sobre el fenómeno de Airbnb? El presente trabajo ofrece un relevamiento exhaustivo de carácter cualitativo y cuantitativo de artículos científicos en diferentes directorios de revistas de ciencias sociales que estudian el fenómeno de Airbnb, para así ofrecer un estado de la cuestión. Analiza la atención que ha recibido el tema en América Latina en comparación con otras regiones del mundo (especialmente de Europa Occidental y América del Norte), desde la perspectiva de los estudios urbanos. También establece similitudes y diferencias entre las investigaciones según el origen de su producción, identificando los principales núcleos temáticos desde los cuales se está abordando al fenómeno. Entre los principales resultados constatamos que, a pesar de tratarse de una actividad notoriamente instalada en América Latina, el fenómeno Airbnb en cuanto preocupación académica dentro de la región permanece poco explorado, especialmente en comparación con la producción del Norte Global. Detectamos la predominancia de abordajes desde el campo del turismo, los que analizan la relación oferta-demanda, la competencia y el desarrollo del sector como nuevo modelo de negocios. Pero, tanto a nivel regional como global, de todas las líneas temáticas estudiadas, las que se preocupan de los impactos urbanos y el hábitat son las más escasas.
Matices de la turistificación y de la gentrificación en México: comparativa de impactos socioespaciales en la Roma-Condesa y el centro patrimonial de San Miguel de Allende
Authors: Navarrete Escobedo David
Published: October 2022

En México, desde las últimas dos décadas del siglo xx, las operaciones de renovación urbana y recuperación patrimonial se basan en la mejora de la apariencia física y de la imagen urbana para la tematización turística, lo que con frecuencia implica el desplazamiento de habitantes originales, como algunos académicos han señalado. Este trabajo busca actualizar el conocimiento de los efectos de la turistificación y de la gentrificación en barrios históricos de Ciudad de México y de San Miguel de Allende en la segunda década del siglo xxi. Para caracterizar la turistificación y la gentrificación se aborda la presencia y apropiación del espacio habitacional de poblaciones flotantes extranjeras y nacionales. Los indicadores principales serán las unidades de vivienda turística registradas en Airbnb, el comportamiento de mercado inmobiliario y las políticas urbanas en términos de estrategias que buscan hacer del turismo y de las poblaciones privilegiadas locales y del extranjero el motor de crecimiento. Los resultados muestran la apropiación turística y transnacional de los edificios patrimoniales más relevantes, así como del espacio habitacional con mejores recursos. El impacto del nuevo uso de las centralidades históricas prioritariamente para extranjeros y poblaciones de paso se hace sentir en el mercado inmobiliario, al que sólo el capital extranjero y de grandes desarrolladores pueden acceder, lo que también propicia prácticas segregativas sociales y de consumo. En la transformación socioespacial de estos barrios, particularmente afecta la escasez de oferta de vivienda para uso permanente y de largo plazo al cual puedan acceder las clases populares.
Evaluation of diatomaceous earth in the removal of crystal violet dye in solution
Authors: Cely Bautista María Mercedes , Cardozo Arrieta Beatriz María , Jaramillo Colpas Javier Enrique , Moreno Aldana Luis Carlos , Valencia Ríos Jesús Sigifredo , Castellar Ortega Grey Cecilia
Published: October 2022

In this research, the adsorption capacity of diatomaceous earth in the removal of the crystal violet dye (CV) in aqueous solution was evaluated. The experimental methodology began with the determination of the texture properties by adsorption-desorption isotherms with N2 a 77 K, the identification of functional groups by Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometry (FTIR), morphology by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and, the pH of the isoelectric point by the point of zero charge (PZC). A categorical multifactorial design was developed with factors such as the initial concentration of the dye (300-1000 mg/dm3), the temperature (30, 35 and 40ºC) and the initial pH of the solution (5, 6, 7 and 8). The maximum adsorption capacity was of 96.1 mg/g up 30ºC and pH 8, satisfactorily fitting the experimental data to the Langmuir isotherm model with R2 = 0.99, suggesting a monolayer adsorption mechanism on a homogeneous surface. In conclusion, diatomaceous earth can be considered as an efficient adsorbent in the removal of CV in aqueous solution.
A Review on Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
Authors: B R Arpitha , G Rakesh , B S Aishwarya , Gandhi Vimala
Published: October 2022

Abstract: Antibiotics are miracle cures for fighting microorganisms. Treatment for bacterial illnesses is now available thanks to antibiotics. When antibiotics were first developed in the 1900s, it was believed that humanity had defeated microorganisms, but researchers have discovered that antibiotic resistance is rising at a concerning rate. Unfortunately, societal and economic circumstances, as well as the abuse and misuse of antibiotics in recent decades, have spread the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Both humans and animals are universally at risk from the emergence and spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, which is typically unavoidable. Furthermore, several studies found a link between antibiotic resistance and a higher risk of prolonged hospital stays and mortality, underscoring the significant clinical and financial costs of this phenomenon. At least 7000000 people worldwide currently pass away each year as a result of antimicrobial resistance. By 2050, the World Health Organization projects that this number could reach 10 million, underscoring the seriousness of the health issue. The world health organization coined the phrase "No action today, no cure tomorrow" in 2011 in response to the alarming epidemiological data, in order to quickly implement a new strategy to improve the use of currently available drugs and accelerate the introduction of new ones through a new phase of research involving private and public institutions. This review's objectives are to describe, the methodology to identify the resistant bacteria, their mechanisms of resistance, issues brought on by antibiotic-resistant bacteria, potential solutions, and future advancements. The information from the literature implies that there is still little knowledge about the prevalence of antibiotic resistance. Therefore, educating patients and the general public is crucial to combat antibiotic resistance
THE CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK TO INTEGRATE SUSTAINABILITY IN URBAN REGENERATION INITIATIVES
Authors: Nik Hashim Nik Hazwani , Alias Anuar , Md. Dali Melasutra
Published: October 2022

Urban regeneration has become an essential spatial strategy to resolve urban decay issues in many countries and regions which is in line with the ‘2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development to build sustainable cities and communities worldwide. Although urban regeneration is the desired solution for deprived cities, not all are successful in following the sustainable development path as more emphasis is on economic objectives over the environment and social sustainability. Thus, this study presents the conceptual framework that integrates sustainable development aspirations in the urban regeneration practice as the way forward. A qualitative method (content analysis approach) is adopted in this study by reviewing current and past studies on sustainable urban regeneration, using Mendeley as the search engine and ATLAS.ti for analysing. Findings from the literature review identified fundamental criteria and indicators of sustainable urban regeneration according to the three dimensions of sustainable development. A strategic approach to achieving sustainable urban regeneration is also identified which indicates that planning and social sub-systems are the crucial components or the enablers that integrate sustainability in urban regeneration initiatives. This study concluded that urban regeneration could be the solution to resolve urban decay and build sustainable cities if the town planning and social sub-system are incorporated appropriately within the sustainable urban regeneration framework.
DEGREE EXPONENT SUM ENERGY OF COMMUTING GRAPH FOR DIHEDRAL GROUPS
Authors: Romdhini Mamika Ujianita , Nawawi Athirah , Yee Chen Chuei
Published: October 2022

For a finite group G and a nonempty subset X of G, we construct a graph with a set of vertex X such that any pair of distinct vertices of X are adjacent if they are commuting elements in G. This graph is known as the commuting graph of G on X, denoted by ΓG [X]. The degree exponent sum (DES) matrix of a graph is a square matrix whose (p,q)-th entry is is dvp dvq + dvqdvp whenever p is different from q, otherwise, it is zero, where dvp (or dvq ) is the degree of the vertex vp (or vertex, vq) of a graph. This study presents results for the DES energy of commuting graph for dihedral groups of order 2n, using the absolute eigenvalues of its DES matrix.
An empirical investigation of the impact of firm characteristics on the smoothness of dividend
Authors: Khalaf Bashar Abu
Published: October 2022

This paper empirically investigates the smoothness of dividends on non-financial companies in Jordan by applying the asymmetric partial adjustment model. In addition, this research investigated the data for 65 non-financial companies (37 industrial and 28 services) listed on the Amman Stock Exchange (ASE) covering the period 1997–2020. Fixed and random-effects techniques have been applied to check the smoothness of dividends. The results confirmed that the non-financial Jordanian companies smooth their dividends at a moderate rate, our results contradict the signaling theory; we find that large companies smooth their dividend faster than small ones. Furthermore, in line with the agency cost theory, low-leveraged firms smooth their dividends faster than high-leveraged firms. Also, our results confirmed that highly profitable companies smooth their dividend more and this comes in line with the signaling theory.
Tantangan Pondok Pesantren Menuju Lembaga Pendidikan Islam yang Akuntabel
Authors: Ahyar Muhammad Khozin
Published: October 2022

Islamic boarding school is one of the oldest Islamic education institutions in Indonesia. The majority of Islamic boarding schools in Indonesia are foundations. As an institution or non-profit entity, Islamic boarding schools also need to do an institutional transformation so that it can continue to grow and be trusted by stakeholders. So far, the financial reporting of Islamic boarding schools does not have standardization. So that each boarding school has a different form of financial reporting. In the end, Bank Indonesia and the Indonesian Institute of Accountants (IAI) developed the Pesantren Accounting Guidelines (PAP). Pesantren Accounting Guidelines are one of the programs in the development of pesantren economic independence. This article aims to describe the challenges faced by Islamic boarding schools in achieving accountable Islamic education institutions. Based on the literature review, there are three challenges in Islamic boarding schools in order to become an accountable Islamic educational institution, namely the boarding school human resources in the field of accounting, cooperation between related institutions and the use of technology. Islamic boarding schools must increase or increase competent human resources in the fields of accounting and financial reporting. Collaboration between related institutions can help boarding schools in increasing accountability. The provision of technology and the procurement of a type of software or application can make it easier for Islamic boarding school human resources to prepare financial reports in accordance with financial accounting standards (SAK), in this case in accordance with Islamic Boarding School Accounting Guidelines.Keywords: Islamic Boarding School, Accountable, Islamic Boarding School AccountingJEL Classification Codes: L31, Z12, Z18
Pengaruh Struktur Kepemilikan Saham, Ukuran Perusahaan, dan Profitabilitas Terhadap Pengungkapan Sukarela
Authors: Maesaroh Maesaroh , Aisyiah Helti Nur
Published: October 2022

This study aims to determine the effect of shareholding structure, company size, and profitability on voluntary disclosure. The dependent variable used in this study is the managerial and institutional ownership, company size, and company profitability. While the independent variable in this study is voluntary disclosure. This study used the population of all manufacturing companies that were continuously listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during 2017-2018 period. This study used 61 companies multiplied by two years of the study period obtained 122 samples. Sampling technique used was purposive sampling with certain criteria to eliminate companies from the population. The study found reveal that managerial and institutional ownership had negative influence on voluntary disclosure, while company size variables had a positive influence on voluntary disclosure. Whereas the profitability had no significant influence on voluntary disclosure.
Keywords: voluntary disclosure, company ownership structure, company size, profitability
Family Ownership, Independent Commissioners, Audit Quality, And Tax Avoidance In Indonesia
Authors: Nurjanah Siti , Aligarh Frank
Published: October 2022

This study determined the effect of profitability, family ownership, independent commissioners, and audit quality on tax avoidance. This current study analyzed manufacturing companies with family shareholders listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2017 to 2019. The secondary data used in this study were originated from the companys annual report on its financial statements. The population in this study were all manufacturing companies with family shareholders listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2017 to 2019. The 35 companies studied were selected using the purposive sampling technique. The analysis technique used was panel data regression using the Eviews 10 program. The results show that profitability has a negative effect on tax avoidance, family ownership has a positive effect on tax avoidance, independent commissioners, and audit quality has no effect on tax avoidance.
Comparative effectiveness of Anti-IL5 and Anti-IgE biologic classes in severe asthma patients eligible for both
Authors: Price David , pfeffer paul , Ali Nasloon , Murray Ruth , Ulrik Charlotte , Tran Trung , Maspero Jorge , Peters Matthew , Christoff George , Sadatsafavi Mohsen , Torres-Duque Carlos A. , Altraja Alan , Lehtimäki Lauri , Papadopoulos Nikolaos , Salvi Sundeep , Costello Richard W. , Cushen Breda , Heffler Enrico , Iwanaga Takashi , Al-Ahmad Mona , Larenas-Linnemann Désirée , Kuna Piotr , Fonseca João , Al-Lehebi Riyad , Rhee Chin Kook , Llano Luis Perez de , Perng Diahn-Wang , Mahboub Bassam , Wang Eileen , Goh Yun Yi Celine , Lyu Juntao , Newell Anthony , Alacqua Marianna , Bhutani Mohit , Bjermer Leif , Björnsdóttir Unnur Steina , Bourdin Arnaud , Bülow Anna Von , Busby John , Canonica Walter , Cosio Borja G , Dorscheid Delbert , Esquerre Mariana Muñoz , FitzGerald Mark , Gil Esther Garcia , Gibson Peter Gerard , Heaney Liam , Hew Mark , Hilberg Ole , Hoyte Flavia , Jackson David , Koh Mariko , Ko Hsin-Kuo , Lee Jae Ha , Lehmann Sverre , Loureiro Claudia Chaves , Ludviksdottir Dora , Menzies-Gow Andrew , Mitchell Patrick , Papaioannou Andriana , Popov Todor , Porsbjerg Celeste , Salameh Laila , Sirena Concetta , Taillé Camille , Taube Christian , Tohda Yuji , Wechsler M. E.
Published: October 2022

Background Patients with severe asthma may present with characteristics
representing overlapping phenotypes, making them eligible for more than
one class of biologic. Our aim was to describe the profile of severe
adult asthma patients eligible for both anti-IgE and anti-IL5/5R and to
compare the effectiveness of both classes of treatment in real life.
Methods This was a prospective cohort study that included adult severe
asthma patients from 22 countries enrolled into the International Severe
Asthma registry (ISAR) who were eligible for both anti-IgE and
anti-IL5/5R. The effectiveness of anti-IgE and anti-IL5/5R was compared
in a 1:1 matched cohort. Exacerbation rate was the primary effectiveness
endpoint. Secondary endpoints included long-term-oral corticosteroid
(LTOCS) use, asthma-related emergency room (ER) attendance and hospital
admissions. Results In the matched analysis (n=350/group), the mean
annualized exacerbation rate decreased by 47.1% in the anti-IL5/5R
group and 38.7% in the anti-IgE group. Patients treated with
anti-IL5/5R were less likely to experience a future exacerbation
(adjusted IRR 0.76; 95% CI 0.64, 0.89; p<0.001) and
experienced a greater reduction in mean LTOCS dose than those treated
with anti-IgE (37.44% vs 20.55% reduction; p=0.023).) There was some
evidence to suggest that patients treated with anti-IL5/5R experienced
fewer asthma-related hospitalizations (IRR 0.64; 95% CI 0.38, 1.08),
but not ER visits (IRR 0.94, 95% CI 0.61, 1.43). Conclusions In real
life, both anti-IgE and anti-IL5/5R improve asthma outcomes in patients
eligible for both biologic classes, however anti-IL5/5R was superior in
terms of reducing asthma exacerbations and LTOCS use.
From rivers to ocean basins: the role of ocean barriers and philopatry in the genetic structuring of a cosmopolitan coastal predator
Authors: Devloo-Delva Floriaan , Burridge Christopher , Kyne Peter , Brunnschweiler Juerg , Chapman Demian , Charvet Patricia , Chen Xiao , Cliff Geremy , Daly Ryan , Drymon Marcus , Espinoza Mario , Fernando Daniel , Barcia Laura Garcia , Glaus Kerstin , Gonzalez-Garza Blanca , Grant Michael , Gunasekera Rasanthi , Hernandez Sebastian , Hyodo Susumu , Jabado Rima , Jaquemet Sebastien , Johnson Grant , Ketchum James , Magalon Hélène , Marthick James , Mollen Frederik , Mona Stefano , Naylor Gavin , Nevill John , Phillips Nicole , Pillans Richard , Postaire Bautisse , Smoothey Amy , Tachihara Katsunori , Tillett Bree , Valerio-Vargas Jorge , Feutry Pierre
Published: October 2022

Understanding the population structure of a species is important to
accurately assess its conservation status and manage the risk of local
extinction. The Bull Shark (Carcharhinus leucas) faces varying
levels of exploitation around the world due to its coastal distribution.
Information regarding population connectivity is crucial to evaluate its
conservation status and local fishing impacts. In this study, we sampled
922 putative Bull Sharks from 19 locations in the first global
assessment of population structure of this cosmopolitan species. Using a
recently developed DNA-capture approach (DArTcap), samples were
genotyped for 3,400 nuclear markers. Additionally, full mitochondrial
genomes of 384 Indo-Pacific samples were sequenced. Reproductive
isolation was found between and across ocean basins (eastern Pacific,
western Atlantic, eastern Atlantic, Indo-West Pacific) with distinct
island populations in Japan and Fiji. Bull Sharks appear to maintain
reproductive connectivity using shallow coastal waters as dispersal
corridors, whereas large oceanic distances and historical land-bridges
act as barriers. Females tend to return to the same area for
reproduction, making them more susceptible to local threats and an
important focus for management actions. Given these behaviours, the
exploitation of Bull Sharks from insular populations, such as Japan and
Fiji, may instigate local decline that cannot readily be replenished by
immigration, which can in turn affect ecosystem dynamics and functions.
These data also supported the development of a genetic panel to
ascertain the population of origin, which will be useful in monitoring
the trade of fisheries products and assessing population-level impacts
of this harvest.
The EU’s raison d’état in the Western Balkans: Can the new enlargement methodology help?
Authors: Radic-Milosavljevic Ivana , Domaradzki Spasimir
Published: October 2022

By employing the concept of raison d??tat, the article questions the European
Union?s role in the so-called Western Balkan region. While the region
continues to be covered by the EU?s enlargement policy, we argue that the
policy has been in paralysis. We explore whether the heightened geopolitical
tensions in Europe have brought the EU to a turning point at which it would
use its enlargement policy decisively to pursue its strategic interests in
the region. We start with a theoretical discussion of raison d??tat and its
instrumentalization in the context of the European Union as a non-state
actor. Then, we use the conceptual benchmarks of the raison d??tat to
analyze its empirical implementation through the EU?s relations with Western
Balkan countries. We explore the EU?s available enlargement policy tools and
the diverging positions within the EU towards enlargement. We pay special
attention to the ?New enlargement methodology? devised by the Commission in
2019. We argue that despite the Commission?s efforts to promote the EU?s
common interest in the region framed in a geopolitical narrative, the
diverging national interests still preclude the EU from aggregating its own
and pursuing its raison d??tat towards the region. The ?new methodology?
does nothing to overcome this situation. What is more, by insisting on a
?stronger political steer? and by further facilitating the reversal of the
accession process, the document pushes the Union further away from a common
ground regarding the enlargement.
Assessment of Implementation of Information System in a Regional Hospital in the Framework of Introduction of a New Model of Provision of Primary Medical Care
Authors:   Tyumen State Medical University, Kurmangulov Al’bert A. , Kononykhin Aleksey A. ,   Tyumen State Medical University, Brynza Natal’ya S. ,   Tyumen State Medical University
Published: October 2022

BACKGROUND: In accordance with the draft order of Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, it is supposed to create three levels of compliance with the new model in which the criterion of the information system is obligatory for achievement of the first level. In this regard, of interest for health officials is theoretical and clinical validation of the methods of evaluation of the system of visualization in medical organizations in different territories, described in methodical recommendations of the Healthcare Ministry of RF. AIM: To study the features of visualization of a medical information system in a structural unit of a central regional hospital providing primary medical care. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The object of the study was the information system of an adult polyclinic of the central district hospital, where the information system was evaluated, with the subsequent filling out of a checklist of achievement of the target value of the criterion “Implementation of an information system in a medical organization”. The subject of the study was the basic characteristics of the information system: the amount, method of placement, reasonability, relevance and availability of individual elements. RESULTS: In accordance with the checklist for evaluating the information system in a medical organization, the percentage of the presence of information was 33%, which led to non-compliance with the criterion “Implementation of an information system in a medical organization”. In addition, during the audit, 17 elements of the information system were identified not related to any of 18 points of the analyzed criterion. These elements were combined in the block “Information aimed at ensuring a safe stay in a medical organization”, which is proposed to supplement the existing sections of the criterion “Implementation of an information system in a medical organization”. CONCLUSION: To achieve the first level of compliance with the new model of a medical organization providing primary health care, it is necessary to meet the requirements of the criterion “Implementation of an information system in a medical organization”. It is advisable to consider the possibility of including elements of an information system aimed at ensuring the safety of visitors and staff staying in a medical organization, in the criterion “Implementation of an information system in a medical organization”.
Benign Hyperbilirubinemia of Gilbert Type
Authors:   Ryazan State Medical University, Asfandiyarova Nailya S. , Yakubovskaya Alina G. ,   Ryazan State Medical University
Published: October 2022

INTRODUCTION: Benign hyperbilirubinemia of Gilbert type affects 10% of population, most commonly men of 20–30 years of age. In the article, description of a classic clinical case illustrating the course of Gilbert syndrome, is given. After an intercurrent infection, a 32-year old man presented with jaundice with elevation of the level of unconjugated bilirubin against the normal background level of enzymes. Bearing in mind a probability of being excluded from the flight crew, the patient agreed to the puncture biopsy of the liver, and the morphological examination of the hepatic tissue confirmed the diagnosis of benign hyperbilirubinemia of Gilbert type. A molecular genetic examination also showed the existence of tyrosine-arginine repeats in the promotor region of uridine diphosphate–glucuronosyltransferase gene. Adequately selected treatment with phenobarbital stimulating the activity of the enzyme, led to normalization of bilirubin level and to improvement of the patient’s well-being. CONCLUSION: Chronic familial non-hemolytic hyperbilirubinemias are often given insufficient attention not only due to the fact that their outcomes do not pose a serious threat to the patient’s health, and, according to the erroneous opinion, are rare, but to a larger extent due to the fact that the diagnosis presents certain difficulties for a therapist or a general practitioner.
Endovascular Occlusion in Combined Treatment of Arteriovenous Erectile Disfunction
Authors:   State Research Center — Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Burdin Konstantin A.
Published: October 2022

BACKGROUND: The vasculogenic nature of the erectile dysfunction (ED) prevails over other causes and accounts for 70%, of which 30% is arteriogenic, 20% to 40% is venogenic, and 30% is mixed arteriovenous ED. The main importance of shock wave therapy (SWT) in the treatment of ED is a complex positive effect on the blood supply of the penis. However, there is not enough information in the literature about the use of SWT in patients with arteriovenous ED, which determines the relevance of research in this direction. AIM: To evaluate the results of combined treatment (SWT and endovascular embolization of the deep dorsal vein (DDV) of the penis) in patients with arteriovenous ED. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In the Federal State Research Center of the Federal Medical and Biomedical Agency named after AI Burnazyan of Russia 45 patients aged 26 to 45 years (35.5 ± 9.5) years with a confirmed clinical diagnosis of arteriovenous ED, who underwent combined treatment were examined. The treatment was performed in 2 stages: stage I included endovascular embolization of the dorsal penile vein; stage II consisted of SWT with the use of BTL-6000 SWT TOPLINE device (BTL Corporate) in 2 weeks after surgical treatment. The condition of patients was assessed before treatment and 1 and 12 months after it. The assessment was based on the data of the questionnaire of the International Index of Erectile Function, fifth revision (IIEF-5), and the Erection Rigidity Scale (ESR), as well as instrumental diagnostic methods: computer dynamic cavernosography and pharmacodoplerography. RESULTS: An improvement of blood flow velocity parameters, a positive dynamic according to IIEF-5 and SER in 1 year following treatment. CONCLUSIONS: The use of endovascular occlusion in combination with SWT is the correct method of treatment for arteriovenous ED, but still requires further study.
Right Hemicolectomy with Gastropancreatoduodenal Resection en bloc in 84-Year-Old Patient (Case Report)
Authors:   The Loginov Moscow Clinical Scientific Center, Danilov Mikhail A. , Solov’yeva Olesya N. ,   The Loginov Moscow Clinical Scientific Center, Nikolayeva Anastasiya O. ,   The Loginov Moscow Clinical Scientific Center, Alikhanov Ruslan B. ,   The Loginov Moscow Clinical Scientific Center
Published: October 2022

INTRODUCTION: Among the malignant neoplasms, colorectal cancer ranks third in the morbidity worldwide. Tumors of the right half of the colon are often symptomatic, which is an indication for extended and combined resections. Invasion into the neighboring tissues and organs indicates aggressiveness of the tumor biology, however, it is not always associated with the remote metastasizing process. Previously, invasion into the duodenum and/or pancreas was considered to be a non-resectable case, and as a rule, such patients underwent explorative laparotomy and were prescribed supporting medicinal therapy. However, recently some publications appeared on performing multivisceral resections in locally advanced cancer of the right half of the ascending colon with positive long-term results. In the given clinical case, a successful experience of radical surgical intervention in an elderly patient with locally advanced cancer with destruction and invasion into the duodenum is presented. CONCLUSION: Compliance with the oncological principles at each stage of the operation, precise preoperative diagnosis and preparation of the patient for surgical intervention can have a favorable outcome in the process of further treatment and survival of the patient.
A Case of Complicated Course of Fracture of the Distal Metaepiphysis of the Radius
Authors:   Ryazan State Medical University, Zubov Andrey A. , Ryabova Margarita N. ,   Ryazan State Medical University, Novikova Yuliya K. ,   Ryazan State Medical University
Published: October 2022

INTRODUCTION: Zudek syndrome (neuroreflex algodystrophy, accompanied by osteoporosis, limited range of motion in the wrist and interphalangeal joints, impaired blood flow and associated trophic alterations) accounts for up to 62% of complications of fracture of the distal metaepiphysis of the radius. It may be a consequence of primary action of pathological factors (I type), or may result from compression of peripheral nerves (II type). The article describes a clinical case illustrating occurrence of almost all critical errors in the treatment process (non-performance of local anesthesia of the fracture and of reposition of fragments; fixation of the hand in a vicious (for this type of fracture) flexion position for up to 3 weeks; lack of local physiotherapy, anti-inflammatory and kinesitherapeutic treatment; use of “aggressive” mechanotherapy in passive restoration of the volume of movements and of “hard” massage against the background pain syndrome) that contributed to the development of the given II type complication. As a result, a surgical correction was required — corrective osteotomy of the radius to eliminate the cause of compression of the ulnar and median nerves and restore the interrelations between the articular surfaces in the wrist joint. CONCLUSION: Non-observance of the principles of treatment of a fracture of the radius in a “typical place” (emergency care; adequate anesthesia; immediate sparing reposition; subsequent clinical and radiological control, functional management; sufficient period of immobilization; early physiotherapy and kinesitherapy; etc.) may provoke such a threatening complication as Zudek syndrome characterized by a prolonged disability and inflicting physical and moral suffering. Besides, it is associated with a high cost of treatment and restoration of the function of the damaged limb, significantly exceeding the economic standard.
Effect of Addition Fermented Cabbage Extract on Antioxidant Activity and Antinutritional Compounds of Foxtail Millet Flour
Authors: Yonata Diode , Pranata Boby , Aminah Siti
Published: October 2022

Fermented cabbage extract contains lactic acid bacteria Lactobacillus plantarum which produces tannase enzymes and Lactobacillus casei which produces phytase enzymes, which are very effective in reducing antinutrient compounds and increasing the antioxidant compound foxtail millet flour. This study aimed to determine the optimal fermentation time (0, 12, 24, 36, and 48 hours) to decrease antinutrient compounds and increase antioxidant compounds of foxtail millet flour using fermented cabbage extract. The results showed that an increase in fermentation time from 0 to 48 hours reduced levels of tannins and phytic acid in foxtail millet flour by 68.64 % (2.71 - 0.85 mg/g) and 66.60 % (5.33 - 1.78 mg/g) respectively. Afterwards there is an increase in antioxidant activity by 83.10 % (42.25 - 77.26 %) and a decrease in total phenolic content by 18.22 % (7.41 - 6, 06 mg GAE/g). In conclusion, the optimal fermentation time to produce FMF with the best characteristics (low antinutrients and high antioxidant activity) is 48 hours. Keywords:   phytic acid, tannin, antioxidant activity, foxtail millet flour, fermented cabbage extract
Effect of Market Waste Compost and Compound Fertilizer Application on The Vegetative Growth of Oil Palm Seedling (Elaeis guineensis Jacq) in Ultisol Growing Media
Authors: Yosephine Ingrid Ovie , Wijaya Hardy , Lubis Erwin Junaidi
Published: October 2022

Compost is very important for the soil and is useful in increasing soil productivity and agricultural production in a sustainable manner where quality and quantity are achieved, as well reducing enviromental pollution and improving the quality of land (soil) in a sustainable manner. This study aims to determine the effect of chemical fertilizers and market waste compost addition on the vegetative growth of oil palm seedlings in the main nursery. The research was carried out for 8 months, from December 2019 - July 2020 in the area of the Practical Farm of the Field Laboratory of Soil Management, STIP-AP Medan. This study used a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 2 factors. Factor 1 was organic compost made of market waste with 3 levels (0, 100, and 200 g/bag). Factor 2 was compound fertilizer (NPK 16:16:16) at 3 levels (5, 10, and 15 polybag). All treatment combinations wer performed in 3 replication plots and 2 seedlings were planted per plot, and 54 polybags in total. Data were analyzed using ANOVA at a level a = 5% and 1% and followed by Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at a level a = 5%. The results prove that market waste compost and compound fertilizers had a significant effect on the observed parameters including plant height, number of leaves, and has a very significant effect on the parameters of fresh shoot weight and root fresh weight as well as shoot dry weight and root dry weight (g), but did not significantly affect the stem circumference. Keywords: compound fertilizer, main nursery, Market waste, oil palm, organic material