bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sosyal bilgiler öğretiminde öğretmen adaylarının dijital öykü kavramına yönelik görüşlerinin incelenmesi
Authors: ÖĞDÜR Rukiyye , MEYDAN Ali
Published: April 2022

Bilgi ve iletişim teknolojileri, insan ve insana dair her şeyi değiştirip dönüştürmektedir. Değişen ve gelişen teknoloji ile birlikte toplum ve toplumu oluşturan her kurum da kaçınılmaz olarak dönüşüme uğramıştır. Eğitim kurumunda bilgi ve iletişim teknolojilerinin yansımaları, öğrenme-öğretme ortamlarında değişimi başlatmıştır. Teknolojinin eğitime entegre edilmesi ve sınıf ortamında yenilikçi ve çağa uygun yöntem ve tekniklerin kullanılması noktasında, Eğitim Fakültelerine önemli bir görev düşmektedir. Çünkü geleceğin öğretmen adaylarının, teknoloji çağının gerektirdiği bilgi ve beceri donanımına sahip olmaları beklenmektedir ve bu bilgileri öğrencilere aktarmak için sınıf içerisinde uygulayabilecekleri etkili pedagojik modeller ve yöntemler hakkında bilgi sahibi olmaları gerekmektedir. Bu nedenle eğitim fakültesi öğrencilerinin ve geleceğin öğretmen adaylarının, son yıllarda adından çokça söz edilen ve birçok çalışmada üzerinde durulmaya başlanan dijital öykü kavramı hakkında bilgi sahibi olmalarının ve bu kavramı anlamalarının önemli olduğu düşünülmektedir.

Bu çalışmanın amacı, öğretmen adaylarının dijital öykü kavramına ait görüşlerini ortaya çıkarmaktır. Araştırma, 2021-2022 eğitim öğretim yılında Nevşehir Hacı Bektaş Veli Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Sosyal Bilgiler Eğitimi Ana Bilim Dalı’nda öğrenim gören 26 öğretmen adayı ile yürütülmüştür. Araştırmada betimsel tarama yöntemi kullanılmıştır ve veri toplama aracı olarak üç bölümden oluşan “Dijital Öykü Kavramına Yönelik Bilgi ve Algı Formu” oluşturulmuştur. Verilerin analizinde ise içerik analizi yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Dijital Öykü Kavramına Yönelik Bilgi ve Algı Formu dahilinde olan 8 soru ile ilgili sonuçlara göre, Sosyal Bilgiler öğretmen adaylarının, dijital öyküleme kavramı ve öğrenciye katkıları bakımından farkındalık düzeylerinin yüksek olduğu fakat dijital öyküleme uygulamaları bakımından farkındalıkları ve yeterlilik düzeylerinin düşük olduğu görülmüştür.
Investigacion Gerencia-Alianzas Estrategicas
Authors: Briceño-Yen Henry
Published: April 2022

La importancia y pertinencia en la Investigacion de la Gerencia y  las Alianzas Estrategicas
Posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder in a kidney transplant recipient: a case of Epstein-Barr virus-positive primary central nervous system lymphoma
Authors: Ali Hassam , Waqar Syed Hamza Bin , Majeed Marwan , Sehar Alina , Mumtaz Aqsa
Published: April 2022

Posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorders (PTLDs) are potentially life-threatening complications of chronic immunosuppression in patients who receive solid organ transplants or allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation. Most PTLD cases are associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) serology, and their incidence is typically higher in the first year of transplantation. Isolated EBV-positive diffuse large-cell B-cell lymphoma in the renal transplant setting has rarely been reported. Isolated EBV-positive primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is rare, even in renal transplant patients with chronic immunosuppression. We report a case of frontal lobe EBV-positive PCNSL in a renal transplant patient who presented with left-sided weakness and was later treated with a consolidated chemotherapeutic regimen without concurrent radiotherapy.
Colour Based Object Sorting Machine
Authors: Mr. Gaikwad S. V.  , Mr. Kute U. V.  , Mr. Sahane S. T.  , Mr. Ohol R. D.  , Mr. Borhade Y. V.
Published: April 2022

Sorting is a process in which two or more objects of similar, yet different characteristics are arranged in a systematic order. This is generally carried through manually or by using sensors in automation. Automatic color sorting is very much convenient in industry. Color and size are the most important features for accurate classification and sorting of product which can be done by using some optical sensors or analyzing their pictures. Color sorting machines are machines that are used on the production lines in bulk food processing and other industries. They separate items by their colors, detecting the colors if things that pass before them and using mechanical or pneumatic ejection devices to divert items whose colors do not fall within the acceptable range. The Color sorting machine using microcontroller is a fascinating and renowned project for techies, who would like to combine electronics, machine building and programming. The Color Sorting Machine is used for sorting mainly RGB colors. A simple robot arm is used to apply a color sorting to a physical system. The objects are placed to the conveyor belt using robot arm with servo motors. One conveyor belt is used, which is controlled by DC motors.
The breeding system of Hyacinthoides non-scripta (Asparagaceae): assessing the role of geitonogamy with captive pollinators
Authors: Guitián Javier , Guitián Pablo
Published: April 2022

Background and aims – In self-incompatible species, geitonogamous pollen deposition can result in stigma clogging, with negative effects on cross-fertilisation and subsequently reduced fruit and seed set. In this work, using laboratory and field experiments with pollinators in captivity, we describe the reproductive system of Hyacinthoides non-scripta and analyse the effect of the different mechanisms of pollen transfer, trying to quantify the effect of geitonogamy on the reproductive success of the species.

Material and methods – Using laboratory and field experiments with pollinators in captivity we evaluated the effect of the different types of pollen transfer.

Key results – The results show that H. non-scripta is a self-incompatible species and the pollen tubes in autogamous and geitonogamous pollination are rejected at the base of the style. In the field experiments, the presence of geitonogamous pollen on the stigma did not prevent subsequent fertilization by xenogamous pollen, but it reduced seed production.

Conclusion – This study provides evidence that natural rates of geitonogamy significantly reduce female fitness in plants with large numbers of flowers per inflorescence and show how experiments with captive pollinators can help quantify the intensity of this effect.
The Value of Multiple Perspectives in Advocacy
Authors: Schell Laurie
Published: April 2022

This article explores the meaning of perspective in making the case for the arts and arts education. It underscores the importance of advocacy that sees the larger system while working within a local context. Three perspectives are described which are most often represented in arts, culture, and arts education advocacy: “practitioner advocate,” “field-builder advocate,” and “policy advocate.” Each group has its constituents, ranging from teachers to corporate citizens to national advocacy coalitions. Effective advocacy is accomplished by understanding first where you are, then embracing perspectives beyond your own. Using the metaphor of being in the balcony or on the dance floor to describe the vantage points of different perspectives, the article makes the point that it is time for casemakers and systems-changers to combine their perspectives to drive the changes they wish to see in the creative education of our youth. The article concludes with four recommended strategies and guiding questions for connecting multiple points of view, enabling everyone’s ability to see the bigger picture while acting locally: Enhance your perspective; own your expertise; embrace learning; and commit to action.
The Sugar Monopoly: From Local to National
Authors: Kang Jin-A
Published: April 2022

The project of the Guangdong provincial government to revive the
sugar industry consisted of the building of state-run sugar factories for
production and strict official control over distribution. Guangdong’s sugar
monopoly was the first such attempt in Republican China. Chapter 6
examines the abortive state monopoly trial of the Nationalist Government
in Nanjing in 1935. The success of Guangdong’s sugar monopoly has
led to an unexpected collaboration between the two rivals in Nanjing
and Guangzhou. The central government would run a national sugar
monopoly, while Guangdong’s refineries would act as sugar suppliers.
It was an ambitious plan to expand the state-owned sugar monopoly
in Guangdong nationwide. However, this trial ended in suspension due
to the strong opposition from Shanghai sugar merchants and foreign
sugar capitals.
Diagnostic Accuracy of Combining Sonoelastography with Mammography in Solid Breast Lesions Keeping Histopathology as Gold Standard
Authors: Kalim Mariam Saeed , Ahmed Arslan , Awan Waseem Sadiq , Sarfraz Saulat
Published: April 2022

Background and objective: Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in females. Early diagnosis can help in reducing the morbidity and mortality associated with this disease. Sonoelastography has shown to be a valuable tool in early detection of breast cancer. The aim of the study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of combining sonoelastography with mammography in diagnosing malignant solid breast lesions taking histopathology as a gold standard.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out at the Department of Radiology, Shaikh Zayed Medical Complex/Federal Post-Gradaute Medical Institute (FPGMI), Lahore, Pakistan during six months period from 1st September, 2018 to 31st March, 2019. Female patients > 35 years of age and presenting with suspected malignant breast masses were included. Mammography and sonoelastography of the lesions were done. Finally, the patients were referred for tru cut biopsy. Diagnostic accuracy was calculated for mammography, sonoelastography and their combination.
Results: A total of 200 female patients were enrolled with a mean age of 50.8 (± 8.6) years. Mammographic findings suggestive of malignancy (BI-RADS category IV and V) were present in 96 (48%) cases. Elastography showed finding of malignancy (Score 4 and 5) in 96 (48%) cases. Combined sonoelastography and mammography diagnosed malignancy in 112 (56%) cases. Histopathologically confirmed malignancy was seen in 110 (55%) cases. The sensitivity and specificity of mammography (76.3 % and 77.7%) and sonoelastography (77.3% and 87.7%), were comparable. The combination of mammography and sonoelastography showed a higher sensitivity (90.9%) and specificity (86.6%). The combination showed a diagnostic accuracy of 89% followed by sonoelastography (82%) and mammography (77%) alone.
Conclusion: Combination of sonoelastography and mammography can significantly enhance the diagnostic accuracy of breast carcinoma. Females may be offered mammography or ultrasonography in combination with sonoelastography for routine testing.
Rectal diclofenac; an effective modality for pain relief after vaginal birth
Authors: Nafees Rabia , Safdar Zahra , Baig Faiqa Saleem , Zaib Sumera , Iftikhar Aisha
Published: April 2022

Background and Objective: Vaginal delivery (VD) is the safest delivery option for the mother and is associated with quick recovery and minimal maternal morbidity and mortality. However, one of the commonest fears among women about VD is pain. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of diclofenac suppositories (per rectum) compared to the intramuscular diclofenac for the pain relief in females after VD.
Methods: This prospective comparative was study conducted at the Emergency Section (labor room) of Obstetrics & Gynecology Department in one of the tertiary care teaching hospitals of Lahore, Pakistan. A total of 182 female patients undergoing VD were selected and further divided into group A and group B. Group A was administered rectal analgesia in the form of rectal suppositories (100 mg) immediately after perineal tear (first and second degree only) repair and repeated after 6 hours. While group B received one injection of intramuscular diclofenac, immediately after perineal tear repair. The pain score was measured on a graphical score using Graphic Rating Scale, immediately at rest, during movement, and during urination. The pain score was reassessed after 6 hours with the same parameters and compared between both groups.
Results: The overall pain score was significantly lower immediately (p = 0.004) and 6 hours (p = 0.002) after VD in group A at rest, during movement, and during urination as compared to group B.
Conclusion: The use of rectal diclofenac suppositories is a simpler and more effective and acceptable method of reducing the pain experienced by the women following perineal trauma after vaginal childbirth.
Root resorption in ameloblastoma: a radiographic analysis of 35 cases
Authors: Jehan Ruqqia , Mujtaba Hasan , Noor Noman , Shoaib Muhammad , Noor Asif , Afzal Javeria , Sajid Mustafa , Javaid Muhammad Mohsin
Published: April 2022

Background and Objective: Odontogenic tumors are heterogenous lesions with diverse clinical manifestations and histopathological features. Ameloblastoma is a slow growing, sizeable benign tumor with an increased recurrence potential. Radiographically, ameloblastoma mimics other odontogenic tumors occurring in the same region but can be differentiated based on certain features. The objective of the study was to evaluate the radiographic features and presence of root resorption in ameloblastoma as a diagnostic feature in the local population.

Methods: This retrospective hospital-based study was conducted at the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department of Multan Medical and Dental College Multan, Pakistan from 1st Oct 2019 to 31st March 2020. Radiographs of 35 histopathologically confirmed cases of ameloblastoma were included in the study. These radiographs were assessed for site, locularity, and root resorption. Data were processed and analyzed by using SPSS version 23.0

Results: Mean age of the patients was 35.35±18.2 years with male predominance (66% vs. 34%). A total of 55% cases presented below 35 years age group showing increased prevalence in young adults. Multilocular appearance was seen in 24 (68.5%) cases while uni-locular pattern was seen in 12 (31.5%) cases. Root resorption was detected in 19 (54.3%) cases. Statistically, root resorption was not significantly associated with the gender or age of the patients (p > 0.05).

Conclusion: Multi-locular appearance and root resorption are the key radiographical features of ameloblastoma presenting in our population.
Preschool teachers’ ability to manage problem behaviours in their classroom: can it be predicted by teacher self-efficacy and emotional literacy
Authors: DURMUŞOĞLU SALTALI Neslihan
Published: April 2022

Objective: Management of problematic behaviors (MPB) in the classroom is one of the important components of the teaching process and it is among the issues that teachers worry about in the education process. Preschool teachers often encounter problematic behaviors as the cognitive, emotional, and behavioral development processes of children in their classrooms are still incomplete. Therefore, it is important to examine preschool teachers' ability to MPB and to determine the related factors. The aim of this descriptive study determined the relationship of preschool teachers' ability to MPB in their classrooms to teacher self-efficacy and emotional literacy.

Method: The sample of the study consists of 381 preschool teachers (working in schools affiliated to the Ministry of National Education in different cities of Turkey. Preschool Classroom Management Scale, Emotional Literacy Scale and Teacher Self-Efficacy Scale were used to collect data. Descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis techniques were used to analyse the data.

Results: This study confirms that preschool teachers' ability in MPB in their classrooms are moderately related to emotional literacy skills. In addition, it was determined that there is a moderate relationship between the ability of preschool teachers to MPB in their classrooms and their teacher self-efficacy.

Conclusion: The findings draw our attention to the importance of teachers' efficacies and emotional abilities in improving schools and the general teaching environment.
Agro productividad del maíz nativo en la zona indígena de Chicontepec, Veracruz, México
Authors: Osorio Antonia José , Bada Carbajal Lila Margarita , Lámbarry Vilchis Fernando
Published: April 2022

Chicontepec Veracruz, México, esun municipio con población indígena altamente marginada, dedicada al cultivo del maíz nativo, pero a pesar de estar posicionado entre los más importantes del país, presenta rendimientos por hectárea muy por debajo del promedio nacional de 2.18, lo que ha ocasionado que el cultivo, más que comercializarlo, forme parte sustantiva de la subsistencia alimentaria. Es por ello, por lo que el objetivo de esta investigación consistió en identificar los factores que inciden en la agro productividad del maíz nativo de la región. Para dar cumplimiento a ello, la metodología de alcance cualitativo implicó un análisis documental para caracterizar y contextualizar la agro productividad de maíz del municipio. Posteriormente se realizó una entrevista semiestructurada a profundidad a un experto, y tres grupos focales a productores de la región. Se concluye con seis factores que inciden en la agro productividad el maíz en Chicontepec, por lo que se recomienda a los tomadores de decisión apoyos tecnológicos, de comercialización y gubernamentales.
ŞEHRİYÂR’IN KÂSİD ŞİİRİNİ TAHLİL DENEMESİ
Authors: GÜL Mehmet
Published: April 2022

Şehriyar, 20. yüzyıl İran edebiyatının en önemli şairlerindendir. Farsça şiirlerinin yanında Türkçe şiirler de yazan şairin sanatının öz suyu aşktır. Kâsid (Hayal) şiiri aşk duygusunun öne çıktığı en önemli Türkçe şiirlerinden biridir. Şiir, bir gece ayrılık acısının zirveye çıktığı bir anda şairin sevgilisini hayali olarak çaya davet etmesi üzerine kurgulanır. Şiirde sevgili konuşturulmaz, dinleyici ve pasif bir varlık olarak yer alır. Aşk, ayrılık acısı, hayal unsurları ve yersel olandan göksel olana yönelim şiirin tematik çerçevesini oluşturur. Lirik gerilimin doğurduğu duygu patlamaları şiirin akışını belirler. Aşk duygusu, hayal yoluyla ve geceye ait motifler aracılığıyla estetik bir forma dönüşür. Şehriyâr, varlık âleminin tekil parçaları arasında kendi duygu durumuna uygun bir bağ kurarak tabiatı şiirsel/duygusal söylemin nesnesi haline getirir. Ay ve yıldızlardan oluşan ve havsalanın sınırlarını aşan genişliği ile gökyüzü aşığın yaşadığı ruhsal gerilimi sağaltan bir mekân özelliği taşır. Ayrılık acısı gibi devingen ve sarsıcı bir duygulanım şairin tabiata ait varlıkları algılama ve değerlendirme biçimini etkiler. Şiirde tematik güç olan aşk ve yalnızlık kavramlarını açımlayan, onlara çarpıcı ve şaşırtıcı bir nitelik kazandıran temel unsurlardan biri tezat sanatının sık sık kullanılmasıdır.
BİR DEVLET ADAMI OLARAK REİSÜLKÜTTAPLARIN KLASİK TÜRK ŞİİRİNDEKİ İZLERİ
Authors: MENTEŞE Merve
Published: April 2022

Divan şairi yazdığı kaside, gazel, tarih manzumelerinde devlet adamlarına sıklıkla yer vermiştir. Bu zamana kadar yapılmış olan pek çok çalışmada padişah ya da sadrazam gibi üst düzey devlet adamlarına sıklıkla yer verilmiştir. Fakat daha alt kadrolarda yer alan devlet adamlarının Klasik Türk şiirindeki anılış biçimlerine çok fazla değinilmemiştir. Bu çalışmada divanıhümayun üyesi olan ve bir grup kâtibin yöneticiliği görevini yürüten reisülküttapların devlet adamlığı yönüyle Klasik Türk şiirindeki anılış biçimleri incelenmiştir. Konu öncelikle tipler ve kişilikler bahsinde değerlendirilmiş, reisülküttapların birer tarihî kişilik olduğu ifade edilmiştir. Daha sonra en fazla reisülküttap barındırmakla birlikte devlet adamlarının özellik çeşitliliğini en iyi yansıtan 4 divandan seçilen 7 reisülküttap incelenmiştir. Her bir reisülküttabın kısa biyografisi verildikten sonra devlet adamlığı özelliklerinin vurgulandığı örnek beyitler açıklamalar eşliğinde sunulmuştur. İncelenen beyitlerdeki devlet adamlığı vasıfları kişisel özellikler ile devlet ve toplum değerleri bakımından değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmanın sonunda elde edilen verilerin istatiksel sonuçlarını gösteren tablolar yer almaktadır. Bu çalışmayla devlet yönetiminin alt kadrosunda yer alan reisülküttapları bir devlet adamı olarak KlasikTürk şiirindeki anılış biçimleri ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır.
Las costumbres montubias y el fortalecimiento del turismo cultural
Authors: Guijarro Intriago Rosa Victoria , Izurieta Puente Electra Maricela , Filian Rodríguez Jessica Eliana
Published: April 2022

La presente investigación busca demostrar lo importante que son las Costumbres Montubias para el fortalecimiento del Turismo Cultural en el Cantón Balzar provincia del Guayas, con la finalidad de endurecer en la población el sentido de la valorización de la riqueza cultural a través de los valores y creencias ancestrales que se han transmitido de generación en generación por sus antepasados. Hoy en día la ciudadanía se siente comprometida con este valor simbólico de demostrar su verdadera Identidad Montubia y de no hacerla morir jamás, que las futuras generaciones sean los encargados de llevar la posta para que nunca terminen las costumbres montubias y a través de ellas promover el desempeño, reconocimiento y protección del Patrimonio Cultural. El presente estudio de caso pretende analizar el Turismo Cultural para contribuir a las Costumbres Montubias permitiendo la afluencia e incremento de turistas motivados por conocer las tradiciones del cantón, como son las cabalgatas, carrearas de caballos, carreras de burros, rodeos montubios, ferias ganaderas, juegos ancestrales. Cabe recalcar que con este estudio de caso los principales beneficiarios es la población en general, ya que a la vez ellos tendrían la oportunidad de adquirir conocimientos sobre la conservación de su Identidad Montubia, de igual manera esto generara una motivación para las autoridades competentes en invertir más en el turismo de lo que, lo hacen en la actualidad.
À Segunda Vista
Authors: Borim Mayara Ribeiro
Published: April 2022

Que privilégio apresentar esta obra e, junto com ela, revelar o talento de uma jovem escritora. Foi em uma reunião com os alunos participantes de um projeto de incentivo à escrita do IFSULDEMINAS que me deparei com a Mayara Borim, uma de minhas alunas do ensino médio, por sinal, muito dedicada e, ao mesmo tempo, tímida e discreta, dizendo-me sobre seu prazer em escrever e que já havia escrito algumas páginas de um livro. Qual não foi a minha surpresa quando fi z a leitura daquelas páginas, na verdade, vários capítulos de um romance bem estruturado, uma narrativa fl uida e interessante, dessas que não conseguimos parar de ler. Fiquei ansiosa em saber o desfecho e, desde então, sempre que terminava mais alguns capítulos, a modesta e encantadora escritora compartilhava comigo o desenrolar de uma história emocionante e surpreendente. Como sua professora de língua portuguesa pude, não só revisar esta obra, mas também incentivá-la com relação à publicação e acompanhar todo esse processo desde à escrita até a edição deste e-book. Esta narrativa que você está prestes a conhecer apresenta dois jovens, Zoe e Sebastian, que, a partir de um esbarrão no corredor da escola, veem seus caminhos se entrelaçarem, apesar de pertencerem a universos diferentes. Ambos vivem uma situação familiar complicada, se por um lado, Zoe é uma menina estudiosa, doce e alegre, órfã de mãe, criada com simplicidade pelo pai; Sebastian, por sua vez, não passa de um adolescente rebelde, o típico “garoto problema”, que faz de tudo para afrontar sua mãe, a poderosa Antonela Hildegart. A cada capítulo, somos instigados a prosseguir a leitura, pois a trama se torna cada vez mais envolvente, transportando o leitor para dentro da história, por meio de detalhes e surpresas que conferem ao romance uma atmosfera leve, divertida e, ao mesmo tempo, instigante.
The role of risk communication in radon mapping, risk assessment and mitigation activities in Sardinia (Italy)
Authors: Cori Liliana , Bustaffa Elisa , Cappai Massimo , Curzio Olivia , Dettori Ivana , Loi Natalina , Nurchis Pierpaolo , Sanna Augusto , Serra Grazia , Sirigu Elio , Tidore Marcello , Bianchi Fabrizio
Published: April 2022

Abstract. In 2014, the Sardinian Regional Department of Hygiene, Health and Social
Security promoted the Regional Prevention Plan, which embraced the
protection of the population from exposure to indoor pollutants, including
radon gas. The programme foresaw: the drafting of “Guidance for the
construction/renovation of buildings”; radon monitoring and mapping
activities during a dedicated campaign based on geological surveying; a
radon health impact assessment; community involvement and a radon risks
communication campaign. The objectives of the programme were focused to
protect Sardinian population from radon risk, with special reference to
vulnerable and susceptible subjects, spread knowledge about risks and the
opportunities to reduce them. Using a Health Impact Assessment procedure,
the number of attributable deaths was estimated based on radon exposure
levels, also visible as preventable events by implementing preventive
actions. The purpose of this article is to illustrate the activities carried
out, with specific reference to the use of communication to develop each
action, to understand strengths and weaknesses and the lessons to be applied
in Sardinia and other areas. Monitoring and evaluation results indicate that the health of populations
living in radon-exposed areas can be significantly improved by reducing
exposure to radon and synergistic risk factors. It is essential to
strengthen awareness-raising events using historical and acquired knowledge,
and to monitor progress in order to reinforce further actions, as these
schemes should be planned for the long term, with central coordination and
continuous evaluation. The case of radon risk management and communication in Sardinia offers a
number of suggestions and lessons learned, both for the continuation of the
work that is expected to be very intense in the coming years, and for the
problems that may arise in other regions and countries affected by radon
risk.
MESMER-M: an Earth system model emulator for spatially resolved monthly temperature
Authors: Nath Shruti , Lejeune Quentin , Beusch Lea , Seneviratne Sonia I. , Schleussner Carl-Friedrich
Published: April 2022

Abstract. The degree of trust placed in climate model projections is commensurate with how well their uncertainty can be quantified, particularly at timescales relevant to climate policy makers. On inter-annual to decadal timescales, model projection uncertainty due to natural variability dominates at the local level and is imperative to describing near-term and seasonal climate events but difficult to quantify owing to the computational constraints of producing large ensembles. To this extent, emulators are valuable tools for approximating climate model runs, allowing for the exploration of the uncertainty space surrounding selected climate variables at a substantially reduced computational cost. Most emulators, however, operate at annual to seasonal timescales, leaving out monthly information that may be essential to assessing climate impacts. This study extends the framework of an existing spatially resolved, annual-scale Earth system model (ESM) emulator (MESMER, Beusch et al., 2020) by a monthly downscaling module (MESMER-M), thus providing local monthly temperatures from local yearly temperatures. We first linearly represent the mean response of the monthly temperature cycle to yearly temperatures using a simple harmonic model, thus maintaining month-to-month correlations and capturing changes in intra-annual variability. We then construct a month-specific local variability module which generates spatio-temporally correlated residuals with yearly temperature- and month-dependent skewness incorporated within. The emulator's ability to capture the yearly temperature-induced monthly temperature response and its surrounding uncertainty due to natural variability is demonstrated for 38 different ESMs from the sixth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6). The emulator is furthermore benchmarked using a simple gradient-boosting-regressor-based model trained on biophysical information. We find that while regional-scale, biophysical
feedbacks may induce non-uniformities in the yearly to monthly temperature downscaling relationship, statistical emulation of regional effects shows comparable skill to the more physically informed approach. Thus, MESMER-M is able to statistically generate ESM-like, large initial-condition ensembles of spatially explicit monthly temperature fields, providing monthly temperature probability distributions which are of critical value to impact assessments.
Improved runoff simulations for a highly varying soil depth and complex terrain watershed in the Loess Plateau with the Community Land Model version 5
Authors: Jin Jiming , Wang Lei , Yang Jie , Si Bingcheng , Niu Guo-Yue
Published: April 2022

Abstract. This study aimed to improve runoff simulations and explore deep
soil hydrological processes for a watershed in the center of the Loess
Plateau (LP), China. This watershed, the Wuding River Basin (WRB), has very
complex topography, with soil depths ranging from 0 to 197 m. The
hydrological model used for our simulations was Community Land Model version 5 (CLM5) developed by the National Center for Atmospheric Research. Actual
soil depths and river channels were incorporated into CLM5 to realistically
represent the physical features of the WRB. Through sensitivity tests, CLM5
with 150 soil layers with the observed variable soil depths produced the
most reasonable results and was adopted for this study. Our results showed
that CLM5 with actual soil depths significantly suppressed unrealistic
variations of the simulated subsurface runoff when compared to the default
simulations. In addition, when compared with the default version with 20
soil layers, CLM5 with 150 soil layers slightly improved runoff simulations
but generated simulations with much smoother vertical water flows that were
consistent with the uniform distribution of soil textures in our study
watershed. The runoff simulations were further improved by the addition of
river channels to CLM5, where the seasonal variability of the simulated
runoff was reasonably captured. Moreover, the magnitude of the simulated
runoff remarkably decreased with increased soil evaporation by lowering the
soil water content threshold, which triggers surface resistance. The lowered
threshold was consistent with the loess soil, which has a high sand
component. Such soils often generate stronger soil evaporation than soils
dominated by clay. Finally, with the above changes in CLM5, the simulated
total runoff matched very closely with observations. When compared with
those for the default runoff simulations, the correlation coefficient,
root mean square error, and Nash–Sutcliffe coefficient for the improved
simulations changed dramatically from 0.02, 10.37 mm, and −12.34 to 0.62,
1.8 mm, and 0.61. The results in this study provide strong physical insight
for further investigation of hydrological processes in complex terrain with
deep soils.
A socio-hydrological framework for understanding conflict and cooperation with respect to transboundary rivers
Authors: Wei Yongping , Wei Jing , Li Gen , Wu Shuanglei , Yu David , Ghoreishi Mohammad , Lu You , Souza Felipe Augusto Arguello , Sivapalan Murugesu , Tian Fuqiang
Published: April 2022

Abstract. Increasing hydrological variability, accelerating population growth and urbanisation, and the resurgence of water resources development projects have all indicated increasing tension among the riparian countries of transboundary rivers. While a wide range of disciplines develop their understandings of conflict and cooperation in transboundary river basins, few process-based interdisciplinary approaches are available for investigating the mechanism of conflict and cooperation. This article aims to develop a meta-theoretical socio-hydrological framework that brings the slow and less visible societal processes into existing hydrological–economic models and enables observations of the change in the cooperation process and the societal processes underlying this change, thereby contributing to revealing the mechanism that drives conflict and cooperation. This framework can act as a “middle ground”, providing a system of constituent disciplinary theories and models
for developing formal models according to a specific problem or system under investigation. Its potential applicability is demonstrated in the Nile, Lancang–Mekong, and Columbia rivers.
Unraveling the contribution of potential evaporation formulation to uncertainty under climate change
Authors: Lemaitre-Basset Thibault , Oudin Ludovic , Thirel Guillaume , Collet Lila
Published: April 2022

Abstract. The increasing air temperature in a changing climate will impact actual evaporation and have consequences for water resource management in energy-limited regions. In many hydrological models, evaporation is assessed using a preliminary computation of potential evaporation (PE), which represents the evaporative demand of the atmosphere. Therefore, in impact studies, the quantification of uncertainties related to PE estimation, which can arise from different sources, is crucial. Indeed, a myriad of PE formulations exist, and the uncertainties related to climate variables cascade into PE computation. To date, no consensus has emerged on the main source of uncertainty in the PE modeling chain for hydrological studies. In this study, we address this issue by setting up a multi-model and multi-scenario approach. We used seven different PE formulations and a set of 30 climate projections to calculate changes in PE. To estimate the uncertainties related to each step of the PE calculation process, namely Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) scenarios, general circulation models (GCMs), regional climate models (RCMs) and PE formulations, an analysis of variance (ANOVA) decomposition was used. Results show that mean annual PE will increase across France by the end of the century (from +40 to +130 mm y−1). In ascending order, uncertainty contributions by the end of the century are explained by PE formulations (below 10 %), RCPs (above 20 %), RCMs (30 %–40 %) and GCMs (30 %–40 %). However, under a single scenario, the contribution of the PE formulation is much higher and can reach up to 50 % of the total variance. All PE formulations show similar future trends, as climatic variables are co-dependent with respect to temperature. While no PE formulation stands out from the others, the Penman–Monteith formulation may be preferred in hydrological impact studies, as it is representative of the PE formulations' ensemble mean and allows one to account for the coevolution of climate and environmental drivers.
Death Sentences
Authors: John Stephen
Published: April 2022

There are many analogies between medical and judicial practice. This article explores one such analogy, between “medicalization” and “criminalization.” Specifically, drawing on an analogy between a judge’s speech act of delivering a verdict and a physician’s speech act of giving a diagnosis, it suggests a novel account of the phenomenon of “overdiagnosis.” Using this approach, we can make some headway in understanding debates over the early detection of cancer. The final section outlines the relationship between this approach and familiar debates in philosophy of medicine on the nature of disease and in philosophy of science on the “value-free ideal.”
The dangerous ambiguity of being on foot: Reflections on the act of walking and negotiating the tension between pedestrian and car in the process of writing a novel
Authors: Sala Michael
Published: April 2022

This article situates the writing of a novel and its relationship to place within a practice-led vantage point that draws on concepts of writing about the city, ranging from the figure of the flâneur to the field of psychogeography. I explore how the physical act of moving through a city on foot and my close reading of two short stories – which both leverage the contrast between pedestrian and vehicle – helped me to approach and define the city in which my novel is set and, through this, offered specific opportunities and imaginative possibilities for the narrative rendering of place. I also unpack the potentiality of the car, particularly the way it shapes an unequal power dynamic in which the pedestrian may be observed, interpreted and threatened by someone who can remain protected within the enclosure of a vehicle.
Regional Resilience in China: The Response of the Provinces to the Growth Slowdown
Authors: Chen Anping , Groenewold Nicolaas
Published: April 2022

This paper focuses on the province-level experience of China’s growth slowdown using the notion of regional economic resilience. We first use standard resilience measures based on growth rates and compute the correlation between these measures and a number of determinants. We then decompose growth into national and provincial components and argue that resilience ought to be based only on the former. This extension is important both for ranking provinces and for the correlation analysis. We find that provinces close to the coast with new- rather than old-industry structures were less resilient and suffered greater growth variability.
What Landmarks Do Visitors Remember about a Place?
Authors: Gabe Todd
Published: April 2022

This paper examines the features of photographs that affect the memorability of landmarks that tourists walk past while visiting a place. Empirical results, based on surveys of cruise passengers that visited Bar Harbor, Maine, suggest that a mix of salient images (e.g., the ocean) and unique characteristics of a place (e.g., architectural elements) increase a visitor’s likelihood of remembering a landmark. An extension to the analysis shows that survey respondents are unlikely to attribute “fake” landmarks from different places to their day spent in Bar Harbor. The methods from this study can be employed in other places to examine the behavior and perceptions of tourists, and, more generally, photographs can be used to learn about how people interact with the places around them.
Nanoparticles as building units for bio-inspired electronics –switching and sensing
Authors:   Institute for Materials Science, Kiel University, Germany, Carstens Niko , Mirigliano Matteo ,   Technical University of Moldova, Strunskus Thomas ,   Institute for Materials Science, Kiel University, Germany, Faupe Franz ,   Institute for Materials Science, Kiel University, Germany, Lupan Oleg ,   Technical University of Moldova, Milan Paolo ,   Universita degli Studi di Milano, Italy, Vahl Alexander ,   Institute for Materials Science, Kiel University, Germany
Published: April 2022

In this work, gas phase synthesis of NPs is applied as it offers the benefit of a high purity, surfactant free deposition that is compatible with a broad range of substrates. At the example of three fundamentally different NP assemblies it is showcased, how the unique properties of NPs make them promising building units for electronic devices with neuron-inspired functionalities.
New vapor deposited dielectric polymer thin films for electronic applications
Authors:   Institute for Materials Science, Kiel University, Germany, Schröder Stefan , Strunskus Thomas ,   Institute for Materials Science, Kiel University, Germany, Ababii Nicolai ,   Technical University of Moldova, Lupan Oleg ,   Technical University of Moldova, Magariu Nicolae ,   Technical University of Moldova, Faupel Franz ,   Institute for Materials Science, Kiel University, Germany
Published: April 2022

Initiated chemical vapor deposition (iCVD) is a solvent-free polymer thin film deposition process which can be used to produce high quality dielectric thin films with nanoscale control and circumvents thus these problems. This work demonstrates the versatility of the iCVD process in the field of electrical applications by some new application examples of iCVD coatings.
SCIENTIFIC AND METHODOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO ASSESSING THE SAFETY OF OIL PRODUCTION COMPLEXES AS POTENTIALLY DANGEROUS OBJECTS
Authors: Ablieieva Iryna , Plyatsuk Leonid , Trunova Inna , Burla Oksana , Krasulia Bohdan
Published: April 2022

The purpose of the article is to determine the optimal approach to assessing the risk of oil production objects as potentially dangerous objects. The current regulatory documents and international standards governing the process of risk assessment in the event of an emergency at oil production facilities became the methodological basis of the studies. The scientific and methodological basis of research is a modified deterministic and probabilistic approach to determining the risk of an emergency using fuzzy logic methods in the form of neural networks. The significance of anthropogenic disturbances of the natural environment at all levels was assessed according to the following parameters: spatial scale; time scale; intensity. Comparison of the values of the degree of impact for each parameter was evaluated by a point system according to the developed criteria. A comprehensive (integral) assessment of the load on individual components of the natural environment from different sources of impacts was set at the level of 6 points, which is identified as an impact of low significance. The studies were carried out on the example of consequences of emergency situations on the territory of the Sumy region for the period 2017–2021. The article gives recommendations of an organizational and technological nature to eliminate or reduce the degree of risk from emergencies associated with an oil spill.
Exchange Control Deregulation and Relationships Between UK and Irish Equity Markets
Authors: Murray Louis
Published: April 2022

This research examines causal relationships between the United Kingdom stock market and the smaller Irish market over three periods coinciding with the reduction and removal of currency controls on Irish investors. As a major world market. the UK is the most likely alternative for Irish investors. UK index futures are included because of growing evidence that futures markets impact on their respective-cash markets. After controls are removed, there is evidence that the UK equities market impacts on Irish shares. There is also evidence that Ulcfutures impact on Irish equities. A separate investigation offinancials sectors in UK and Irish equity markets also confirms the establishment of a causal relationship when exchange controls are removed.
Measuring Financial Reporting Harmony and Harmonisation: Perception Versus Reality
Authors: Pierce Aileen , Weetman Pauline
Published: April 2022

Techniques for measuring harmony and harmonisation of financial reporting, applied in the literature since 1988, include index-based techniques and statistical models. As empirical evidence increases and the limitations of the models become apparent, the question is raised as to whether we actually observe harmony and harmonisation in seeking to measure these concepts. Although it has been acknowledged in the literature that statistical models measure a different concept of harmony to that measured by indices, the variety of index measures available to measure both national and international harmony has not been comprehensively explained or rationalised. In this paper various index measures are evaluated critically and the notion of harmony underpinning each is explored in the context of incomplete information due to non-disclosure.

Formulae previously applied are developed further to incorporate the specific impact of accounts categorised as not applicable on the index measures. Index-based measures are calculated for actual accounts data relating to deferred tax accounting practices in Ireland and Denmark in order to highlight differences in levels of harmony indicated by competing measures of both national and international harmony. Conclusions are drawn that non-disclosure is a serious impediment to research and policy formation in relation to harmonisation of accounting practices and that refilling the formulae, while helping to quantify the problem more precisely, serves to emphasise the importance of careful specification of the research question before selecting the harmonisation measurement technique.
Performance Measurement in Small Firms in Ireland
Authors: Clarke Peter , Toal Andrew
Published: April 2022

This paper reports a field study on performance measurement systems in place in four small Irish businesses. The sophistication of the measurement systems varied but they all shared some common traits. Each company’s measurement system was heavily weighted in favour of traditional financial measurements. Non-financial measurements, where they existed, did not appear to be linked to strategy in an explicit manner. Standards for non-financial measures were not in place and where rewards were contingent on performance they were linked to financial measurements alone. Moreover, it appears that none of the accountants interviewed recognised shortcomings in their measurement systems which raises questions about how new management accounting ideas are disseminated and adopted in Ireland.
Corporate Social Responsibility in the Republic of Ireland: A Longitudinal Study
Authors: O'Dwyer Brendan , Gray Rob
Published: April 2022

This paper reports on the results of a five-year study of the corporate social reporting (CSR) practices of listed companies in the Republic of Ireland. CSR has a long history of both practice and research in western Europe but this is the first detailed study of its kind in Ireland. The results show that disclosure levels in Ireland were quite low throughout the five-year period with larger companies tending to disclose more information. Mandatory disclosures relating to human resources information tended to predominate with only a limited number of companies reporting detailed voluntary information on a consistent basis. The increasing trends in environmental disclosure in western European surveys were not evident in the sample. Although different average volumes of disclosure were found between different industry sectors, these were only statistically significant in the first three years of the study.
BETA and the Cross-Section of Stock Returns
Authors: Donnelly Raymond , O'Sullivan Michael J.
Published: April 2022

One of the central predictions of the CAPM is that beta alone is sufficient to explain cross-sectional differences in returns. Fama and French (1992) find that, having purged beta of size effects, it is unable to explain the cross-section of returns. This paper re-examines the usefulness ofbeta using UK data. We find that beta does not explain the cross-section of returns in the UK except for the months of January and April. However, a stock’s beta provides a good indication of the likely extent of its rise orfall in extreme bull and bear markets respectively.
Online Subjective Examination a Student Perspective
Authors: A. Kankhar Madhav , Namrata Mahender C.
Published: April 2022

Online education has become an integral part today mostly due to theCOVID-19 scenario. Teaching, learning and evaluating are the main component of online education system. In examination online education also place very vital role. If considering the online option of exam mostly objective (MCQ) based has highpriority compare to subjective form of exam due to lot of limitations during conduction of online subjective exams. As researches educationist pay more attention on subjective examination for overall evaluation of student. Present work tries to getstudents perspective on subjective examination through a survey conducted ongraduate and post graduate level student on Marathawada region.