bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessing Metro Vancouver Residents’ Knowledge and Opinions of Psilocybin
Authors: Baharmand Payman , Kambo Amardeep
Published: October 2023

Psilocybin is a naturally occurring hallucinogen found in different species of fungi. Psilocybin has gained extensive social popularity and political attention in the United States. Research has shown that psilocybin and psychological therapy may have promising therapeutic applications for safer and more effective treatment of mental illnesses such as major depressive disorder, addiction, anxiety, and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Psilocybin remains an illegal substance in Canada, and the current data on awareness, opinions, and use of psilocybin among Canadian adults are subpar. Further research on the health effects and clinical use of psilocybin is needed before any conclusions can be made. Addressing the current lack of reliable information about psilocybin among Canadians would be a sensible start.
Study of Corneal Curvature with Pterygium Morphology in Tertiary Care Center in Central India
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Ophthalmology, Chirayu Medical College and Hospital, Bhopal, India, Garg Shishir ,   Junior resident, Department of Ophthalmology, Chirayu Medical College and Hospital, Bhopal, India
Published: October 2023

Purpose: To evaluate the correlation between corneal astigmatism and pterygium morphology by anterior segment optical coherence tomography. Methods: Patients diagnosed with unilateral pterygium were included in this prospective crosssectional study. A thorough history was taken and each patient underwent detailed ocular examination including demographic data, subjective refraction with best corrected visual acuity using a Snellen’s chart, anterior and posterior segment examination with slit lamp biomicroscopy , keratometric measurements using an autorefractometer. The vertical width and horizontal length of the pterygium was measured manually with the millimetric scale of the slit lamp biomicroscope. Results: The study consisted of 45 patients with a mean age of 54.58 years. Mean Horizontal pterygium length, vertical width and percentage extension of pterygium was 2.71 mm, 4.56 mm, 50.22% respectively. Mean anterior corneal astigmatism was 2.11±1.69. Analysing the correlation separately, a statistically significant correlation was present between horizontal length and percentage extension and the anterior corneal astigmatism. Conclusion: Anterior corneal astigmatism was higher in pterygium group as compared to the contralateral eye without pterygium.
Causes and Pattern of Eye Diseases in Children Attending the Pediatric Eye Unit of Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Shika, Zaria
Authors:   MBBS (ABU), FWACS, FMCOph, Consultant Ophthalmologist, ECWA Eye Hospital, Kano, Nigeria, Ayodele J Orugun
Published: October 2023

Aim: The purpose was to determine the causes and pattern of eye diseases in children 0-15 years of age who attended the paediatric unit of the Ophthalmology department Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital Shika, Zaria with a view of obtaining data for planning of children eye care. Method: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study. All children that met the inclusion criteria were recruited. Subjects had visual acuity assessments as appropriate for age. Anterior segment examination was done using a loupe or slit lamp biomicroscope as appropriate while posterior segment was examined by direct ophthalmoscopy. Manual refraction was done using streak retinoscope (cycloplegic refraction when required). Result: A total of 12,516 patients attended the Ophthalmology out-patient clinic of the hospital during the 30- month study period (May 2014- Oct. 2016), 1,760 old and new patients (14.1%) were patients 0- 15 years of age (study population). A total of 448 children were recruited for the study. The male to female ratio M: F was 1.3:1. Allergic conjunctivitis 181 (40.4%), refractive error 42 (9.4%) and infective conjunctivitis 39 (8.7%) were the most common ocular disorders seen. The prevalence of visual impairment was 34.4%. Trauma was the most common cause of uniocular visual impairment. The proportion of blind eyes was 3.1% (n=12). Conclusion: Majority of the ocular disorders seen among the children were treatable causes of visual impairment. Public health education is necessary to create awareness on the causes of blindness. However, there was no statistically significant difference in the ocular disorders with respect to age and gender of the children.
PENINGKATAN KOMPETENSI CRITICAL THINKING, CREATIVITY, COLLABORATION, AND COMMUNICATION DI ERA NEW NORMAL
Authors: Herlina Eka , Kamila Isti
Published: October 2023

COVID-19 (penyakit virus corona 2019) menimbulkan berbagai permasalahan di antaranya kesehatan, pendidikan, perekonomian, serta aspek lainnya. Vitamin merupakan suatu zat senyawa kompleks yang sangat dibutuhkan oleh tubuh baik untuk imunitas maupun menajamkan fokus, terutama di masa pandemi ini. Oleh karena itu, pada Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat ini, tim pengabdian melakukan penyuluhan pentingnya vitamin kepada guru, orang tua, dan siswa SD Negeri Pengadilan 2. Pandemi Covid-19 juga berdampak pada skill 4C (Critical Thinking, Communication,  Collaboration dan Creativity) siswa. Untuk mengatasi hal ini, para anggota tim pengabdian juga melakukan pembelajaran dengan menggunakan alat peraga chip bilangan bulat untuk mengasah skill 4C siswa. Melalui kolaborasi dosen prodi kimia yang memberikan sosialisasi pentingnya vitamin dan dosen prodi matematika yang memberikan pengajaran operasi bilangan bulat dengan alat peraga chip bilangan bulat, diharapkan siswa dapat fokus dalam mengamati proses pembelajaran dan mengasah skill 4C siswa.
A comparative study on the effectiveness of Pathadi churna and Protein powder in Karshya (Undernutrition) among preschool children
Authors: Rathi Renu B , Kurhadkar Monali , Rathi Bharat J , Khobragade Sandesh , Khedekar Sumod
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Ayurveda depicts a disease named ‘Karshya’ which goes hand in hand with the clinical entity ‘Under-nutrition’ in contemporary science. Aim & Objectives: The present study aimed to compare the efficacy of ‘Pathadi churna’ and Protein Powder as oral administration in preschool children suffering from Under-nutrition. Methodology- The trial was a randomized parallel group carried out in 30 children aged 3 to 6 years presenting with the clinical features of under-nutrition who were divided into two groups equally. In Pathadi churna (group A-trial) and protein powder (control, group B), Pathadi churna and protein powder respectively was given in dosage according to age as per Young’s formula for 60 days. Results were analyzed according to frequency %, PEM (protein energy malnutrition) gradation shift, changes in assessment parameters, and the level of significance were noted by using Wilcoxon signed rank test and the Student’s paired t-test. Results- Significant results were noted in Daurabalya (~Fatigue) in both the groups whereas the Pathadi churna group showed significant results in the Agnimandya (~Lack of appetite & poor digestion), weight, weight for height, BMI, PEM gradation, and the values of hemoglobin, serum proteins & calcium. On comparing both groups, statistically significant differences were seen in Pathadi churna than Protein powder. Conclusion- Significant results were seen in Daurbalya in both the groups but on comparison more significant effects were noted for all subjective and objective criteria in the Pathadi churna group. No ADR was reported in the study. Further large sample studies with standard control would render better evidence in results with justification.
A Druggability study to Probe immunomodulatory Unani plants as active Inhibitors of Pseudotyped Particle Cell Entry
Authors: Sen Gupta Rajorshi , Roy Sandip , Bose Rajesh , Mandal Palash
Published: October 2023

Medicinal herbs, plants and their products show revolutionized effect in modern therapeutic system. Industries used their activity as antioxidant, antitoxin, antimicrobial, immune booster and many others and use them accordingly as the prime agent to produce cosmetics, food, drug synthesis etc. Unani is one of the traditional therapeutic system which use medicinal herbs mostly for making their herbal medicines. There are several immunomodulatory herbs along with their phytochemicals are present to serve their best. Bioassay is the method of analysis to find out the potency or concentration of any substance when effect on living things. Sars Cov-2 virus and its fatal outbreak is a real threat to modern society. To perform in vitro procedure to screened out small molecule inhibitors of this malicious pseudo typed particle cell entry, Dr. Whittaker's group use this bioassay system like PubChem AID: 1479144, PubChem AID: 1479149, PubChem AID: 1479150 and PubChem AID: 1494158. This in silico study is to show the potency of the phytochemicals of traditional herbs of Unani, as if inhibitors by means of machine learning with the help of WEKA. The ADMET study and molecular docking with Mpro (6lu7 chain A) is also done to test the druggability and binding affinity of the qualified phytochemicals.
Comparative analytical evaluation of Pruthvisara taila prepared by two different methods
Authors: Pagad Archana , Mishra Abhaya Kumar , Hussain Gazala
Published: October 2023

Background: Pruthvisara taila is Niragni snehapaka (Aditya paka taila). It is indicated in Kushta and Vruna, mentionedby classical text Chakradatta. AIM: An attempt was made to prepare Pruthvisara taila by two methods and analyse the difference between both the samples on the basis of organoleptic characters and physico-chemical parameters. Methodology: In pharmaceutical study, the Pruthvisara taila was prepared by both methods; Niragni (Aditya paka-sunlight as source of heat)and Sagni) using fire as source of heat) & in analytical study both the samples were subjected for physicochemical analysis like pH, Viscosity, Refractive index, Specific Gravity, Acid Value, Iodine value, Saponification Value, Unsaponifiable matter,Peroxide value and Rancidity. Results: Results of the study on the parameters assessed on the samples after preparation by both the methods;duration required for the preparation of Aditya paka Pruthvisara taila is 24 days and for Sagni Pruthvisara taila is 5 days.Viscosity of NPT(Niragni Pruthvisara taila) was 127.1497 and SPT (Sagni Pruthvisara taila) 89.3996, refractive index was 1.47807 w/w and 1.47607 w/w respectively. The specific gravity of NPT and SPT were 0.9142w/w and 0.8866 w/w respectively. Acid value is more in SPT (108.46 w/w) as compared to NPT (62.76w/w). Iodine value is more in SPT (245.34w/w) as compared to NPT (58.37).The SPT(222.75 w/w) sample has got more saponification value than NPT (200.75w/w). The unsaponifiable matter in NPT has 1.84% and SPT has 4.80%. Conclusion: Acid value indicates about the short shelf life of the drug, which was comparatively more in Sagni Pruthvisara taila than Niragni Pruthvisara taila, hence the early chances of rancidity are more in SPT.Percentage of saturated and long chain fatty acids  are  more in Niragni Pruthvisara taila when compared to Sagni Pruthvisara taila which was revealed through iodine value and saponification value. Hence the NPT is less susceptible to oxidation and rancidity.
Standardisation of Kuvalayaghrta: A Potential Nootropic Supplement
Authors: R Vijaya Lekshmi , M A Shajahan , V C Indulekha
Published: October 2023

Nootropics are groups of medicines which are known to act as memory enhancers. There is a growing need for such medicines from alternate systems of medicine to prevent or delay memory loss and related disorders. Classical textbooks in Ayurveda describe a group called as Medhya Rasayana, which act as neuro-nutrients. Chathushkuvalaya Rasayana is one such ghee preparation mentioned in Ashtangahrdaya. In it, Kuvalaya, botanically identified in Kerala as Monochoria vaginalis Presl. is the only herbal ingredient. Though Kuvalaya has been considered widely as a memory enhancer, there is scarce published literature regarding standardisation aspects of Kuvalaya ghrta. In this work, we have phytochemically standardized the ingredients of Kuvalayaghrta including its Atomic Absorption spectroscopy, Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) and High-Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) profiling followed by the preparation of the ghrta(ghee) according to the standard procedure mentioned in Ayurvedic Formulary of India. Kuvalayaghrta was also standardised physicochemically and was found to be safe for internal administration. All the observations obtained in this study can be used for future reference.
Mediating role of academic grit and subjective vitality in the relationship between school belongingness and school satisfaction among middle school students who migrated after an earthquake
Authors: Özdoğan Ahmet Çağlar
Published: October 2023

On February 6, 2023, two catastrophic earthquakes hit Turkey on the same day, which was called the biggest disaster of the last century. Following this disaster, some students living in 10 provinces affected by the earthquakes decided to leave their hometowns and continue their education in different cities. In recent years, the concepts of school belonging and school satisfaction have gained prominence in the relevant literature. However, little is known about the mechanisms that mediate the relationship between school satisfaction and school belonging. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the mediating effects of academic grit and subjective vitality on the relationship between students' school belonging and school satisfaction. The study participants consisted of middle school students who moved to another city after the earthquakes and started attending different schools in those cities. A total of 550 students participated in the study, consisting of 312 girls and 238 boys. The age of the participating students ranged from 10 to 15 years (M=12.43, SD=1.07). In the current study, the data collection instruments included a personal information form developed by the researcher, the School Belongingness Scale, the Comprehensive School Satisfaction Scale for Children, the Academic Grit Scale, and the Subjective Vitality Scale. The results of the study indicate that academic grit and subjective vitality play a significant mediating role in the relationship between school belonging and school satisfaction. In addition, all path coefficients in the current study are significantly positive. Based on the results of the study, some suggestions are offered to increase school satisfaction among middle school students.
Analysis of the Success of Implementing Digital Service Delivery in the Indonesian Public Sector: A Case Study on the Use of Online Public Service Applications
Authors: Sahur Askariani , Amiruddin Amiruddin
Published: October 2023

Digital service delivery in the public sector symbolizes a sea change in governance, with governments leveraging digital technology to improve service efficiency, transparency, and citizen involvement. This article looks at the key advantages of digital service delivery, such as increased efficiency, improved access and convenience, cost savings, user-centric services, data-driven decision-making, transparency, enhanced citizen engagement, innovative service delivery, lower environmental impact, and crisis response capabilities. It does, however, highlight some of the problems, such as bridging the digital gap and guaranteeing data security and privacy. As governments throughout the world embrace digital transformation, the necessity to offer services that meet citizens' changing expectations becomes clear. The conclusion emphasizes the importance of digital service delivery in modern governance, providing timely and accountable government services that match the needs of the digital era.
Incorporating Core Values into Character Education in the Current Scenario: Evidence from Literature
Authors: Dahanayake Somapriya Samarawickrama
Published: October 2023

The aim of this paper is to critically explore how the concept of character education has been identified in the world and to search how the contents and strategies based on character education are being used in various countries in the world. Although educational reforms and various educational reports had highlighted this necessity, character education issues have increased nationally as well as globally. The use of new trends is at a minimum. Therefore, among innovative approaches it is important to identify and determine how to apply character education approaches. It becomes very important to inculcate core values such as caring, honesty, fairness, responsibility and respect for self and others, to children and pedagogy employed by parents and teachers to teach character education to children and youth. The paper describes how the current educational system can make relevant the specific characteristics of the concept of character education.
‘Superfluous people’ at the turn of the era: Culture of utilization or culture of development?
Authors: Fishman L. G.
Published: October 2023

International relations have entered a new era of dramatic transformation, which has already manifested itself in the sharp aggravation of interstate rivalry. However, this transformation is underpinned by much deeper objective processes caused by the crisis of the entire neoliberal model of economic development. In this context, the world economy is said to be drifting towards deglobalization. In order to grasp the scale and prospects of these developments, it is necessary to analyze the key features of modern societies. One of them, which has become all the more important given the growing industrial automation, is the emergence of an ever-increasing number of ‘superfluous people’. The paper identifies the origins and distinctive characteristics of this socio-economic phenomenon, with a special focus on modern strategies to address the issue of ‘superfluous people’. In this regard the author outlines two key strategies, referred to as culture of utilization and culture of development. The first strategy places the struggle for rent at the heart of all social and political activities, which implies distribution of benefits according to one’s social status rather than economic productivity. A notable example is the creation of the so-called bullshit jobs, associated with recurrence of pre-capitalist and feudal forms of social relations. The second strategy entails the engagement of ‘superfluous people’ in socially useful forms of work aimed at improving the quality of education, medicine, environmental protection, etc. In conclusion, the author elaborates on the prospects for implementing these strategies under the present conditions. The author argues that deglobalization will not resolve the deep contradictions that give rise to the issue of ‘superfluous people’, but it will shift the responsibility for its solution to the regional economic and political entities. This, on the one hand, may facilitate the search for alternatives to the modern neoliberal model of social development. On the other hand, it may lead to the entrenchment or even exacerbation of the negative social and political processes outlined above.
Political implications of the activities of TNCs: Current trends and impact on the concepts of power, legitimacy and sovereignty
Authors: Zaitsev S. Yu.
Published: October 2023

Amidst dramatic transformation of international relations, both traditional and new actors are undergoing major changes. The multinational corporations (MNCs), which have dramatically strengthened their positions in the world economy and politics since the middle of the 20th century due to favorable economic environment, as well as their ability to quickly convert considerable material, financial, intellectual and institutional resources into political clout, are no exception. All this points to the need to address MNCs as full-fledged political entities and examine their impact on traditional actors in a changing international context. The first section examines various approaches to conceptualization of the evolution of MNCs as actors of world politics. It also identifies the specifics of their position within the framework of the contemporary international relations system. The author focuses on such trends as digitalization, growing influence of companies with a platform business model, increasing engagement of corporations in addressing global issues, scaling up investments in the host countries’ infrastructure through new formats of public-private partnership, as well as growth in the number of state-owned TNCs. The second section examines the activities of TNCs as political actors in contemporary international relations from two angles. On the one hand, it considers the TNCs’ operations in terms of power, legitimacy and sovereignty that is how these categories manifest themselves in the activities of corporations and their interactions with other actors and society. On the other hand, it poses the question about how various trends in the development of TNCs, in turn, affect the content and essence of these categories. The author concludes that cooperation with TNCs offers national states new economic, social and political opportunities. At the same time, corporations are becoming increasingly autonomous, which can have a serious impact on conventional ideas of power, legitimacy and sovereignty, up to the erosion of the state monopoly on legitimate violence. The latter may have a serious impact on conventional ideas of power, legitimacy and sovereignty, up to the erosion of the state monopoly on legitimate violence. There is thus a pressing need to further study various types of TNCs, their functioning and interactions with individual countries, as well as the impact of new technologies, in particular, artificial intelligence on corporate activities.
Application of Item Response Theory as a Modern Statistical Tool to Test Item Development and Analysis
Authors: Solomon Chukwu Ohiri
Published: October 2023

In the educational and psychological testing, there are two major theories through which tests can be developed, validated and ultimately used for assessing examinee’s performance. These are classical test theory (CTT) and item response theory (IRT) and their corresponding models. Item Response Theory (IRT) as a test theory came into existence to provide probabilistic approach to surmount some of the inherent limitations of the classical test theory and maximize objectivity in educational assessment. Item response theory (IRT) is a quantitative approach to testing the reliability and validity of an instrument based on its items. It has statistics for evaluating individual items from a quantitative perspective. The purpose of this paper is to describe in details, the application of item response theory in test item development and analysis. The reason for the application of IRT is to have test items that will yield a reasonable degree of reliability. The statistics used in this respect are – item difficulty parameter, which is a measure of the proportion of testees who responded to an item correctly; the item discrimination parameter, which is the measure of how well the items discriminate between examinees with high and low levels of knowledge or ability and pseudo-guessing parameter, which expresses the probability that an examinee with low ability can be able to get an item correctly. The acceptable range of values of the aforementioned parameters were also discussed.
A Comprehensive Study of Azure Functions: Features, Architectures, Use Case and Functionality
Authors: Harsha Keloth
Published: October 2023

Azure Function is a service available on cloud, offered by Microsoft Azure. It allows you to build and run event-driven applications without having to manage infrastructure. The code can be developed in any programming language. Functions in Azure are triggered by events. These events can come from various sources such as HTTP requests, message queues (e.g., Azure Queue Storage, Azure Service Bus), timers, blob storage changes, and more. This paper provides an introduction of how Azure Function works in Azure cloud.
Using Artificial Intelligence to Identify the Associations of Children’s Performance of Coloring, Origami, and Copying Activities With Visual–Motor Integration
Authors: Huang Chien-Yu , Yu Yen-Ting , Chen Kuan-Lin , Lin Gong-Hong , Hsieh Ching-Lin
Published: October 2023

Importance: Performance of coloring, origami, and copying activities reflects children’s visual–motor integration (VMI), but the levels of association remain unclear.

Objective: To use artificial intelligence (AI) to investigate associations of performance of coloring, origami, and copying activities with VMI.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Setting: Kindergartens.

Participants: A sample of 370 children (182 boys and 188 girls) in the second and third years of kindergarten.

Outcomes and Measures: Beery–Buktenica Developmental Test of Visual–Motor Integration, 6th Edition (VMI–6).

Results: Data for preschool children from an ongoing project were retrieved. AI models were trained to use photographs of activity products to predict total score on the VMI–6. R2 values were used to identify the variance in VMI–6 standardized scores explained by predicted scores from the activities. That is, R2 values reflected associations between activity performance and VMI. The R2 values for the combination of origami and copying were the largest (.390–.577). These R2 values were larger than those for each individual activity (.340–.473) and similar to those for the combination of all three activities (.400–.550).

Conclusions and Relevance: Because moderate R2 values were found between performance of the three activity products and VMI, the three activities have high potential for use in identifying children’s level of VMI or as teaching materials to facilitate the development of children’s VMI. Furthermore, combining origami and copying activities is recommended for teachers and clinicians who need to address VMI.

What This Article Adds: A combination of origami and copying activities had the strongest associations with children’s VMI. Teachers and clinicians can use these two activities when addressing VMI development among preschool children.
Prospective and Retrospective Analysis of the Sporting Success of Elite Spanish High and Long Jumpers
Authors: Rodriguez-Gomez Pablo , Gallo-Salazar Cesar , Salinero Juan Jose
Published: October 2023

The aim of the present study was to analyze the sporting progression from U14 to senior categories of elite Spanish high and long jumpers. For prospective analysis, 300 athletes ranked top 20 at U14 were analyzed (153 female and 147 male). For retrospective analysis, 64 athletes ranked in the top 20 in the senior category were included (21 female and 43 male). Ranking positions were registered in each of the seasons where they presented records. Only 6.3% (19) of athletes who reached the top 20 at U14 became successful senior athletes [4.7% (14) of athletes maintained top 20 status throughout their sporting careers from U14 to senior]. The transition rate from U14 to U16 (35.7%) was the most severe drop down in consecutive categories (after this, it ranged from 47.8 to 66.7%). Of the senior top 20 athletes (64), most of them were already ranked top 20 at U16 (59.4%, 38), at U18 (62.5%, 40), at U20 (70.3%, 45) and at U23 (78.1%, 50). Nevertheless, only 34.4% (22) were top 20 when they were U14 athletes. Transition rates in the top 20 senior athletes ranged from 86.7 to 95.5%. Around one out of four (26.6%, 17) of the top 20 senior athletes maintained top 20 status throughout their sporting careers from U14 to the senior category. Although early success is not a good predictor of senior success, successful senior athletes excelled early on and were able to remain in top rankings throughout their sporting careers of national elite jumpers.
BIOMASS OF THE UNDERGROWTH PLANTS IN THE URAL FORESTS AND ITS ALLOMETRIC MODELS
Authors: Усольцев В.А. , Цепордей И.С. , Уразова А.Ф. , Борников А.В.
Published: October 2023

Оценка биомассы деревьев и древостоев представляет интерес для многих дисциплин, связанных с лесной экологией и поведением экосистем в условиях изменения климата. Прямая оценка биомассы в полевых условиях очень сложна и трудозатратна. Наиболее распространенным подходом для оценки биомассы деревьев является использование взаимосвязей между биомассой и легко измеряемыми параметрами дерева, главным образом диаметром ствола на высоте груди и/или высотой дерева. Однако большинство опубликованных моделей биомассы относятся к крупным деревьям основного полога. Эмпирические данные о биомассе растений подроста представлены лишь в единичных работах. В нашем исследовании получены факти- ческие данные о структуре надземной биомассы и ее годичном приросте у растений подроста лесообразующих видов, произрастающих в условиях средней и южной тайги Урала, разработаны аллометрические модели для оценки биомассы и ее годичного прироста и выполнено ранжирование видов по величине относительной высоты (сбежистости) растений подроста. На примере подроста подтверждено положение Я. С. Медведева (1910) о связи относительной высоты расте- ний со степенью светолюбия видов. Ключевые слова: нижний ярус, виды растений, лесообразующие виды, надземная биомасса, годичный прирост биомассы, фракции биомассы, аллометрические модели

Estimating the biomass of trees and stands is of interest for many disciplines related to forest ecology and ecosystem behavior under climate change. Direct assessment of biomass in the ﬁ eld is very difﬁ cult and labor-consuming. The most common approach for estimating tree biomass is to use the relationships between biomass and easily measurable tree parameters, mainly stem diameter at breast height and/or tree height. However, the most of the published biomass models relate to large trees of the main canopy. Empirical data on the biomass of undergrowth plants are presented only in seldom works. In our study, actual data on the structure of aboveground biomass and its annual growth in undergrowth plants of forest-forming species growing in the conditions of the middle and southern taiga of the Urals were obtained, allometric models were developed to assess biomass and its annual growth, and species were ranked according to the relative height (slenderness) of undergrowth plants. On the example of undergrowth, the opinion of Ya. S. Medvedev (1910) on the relationship of the relative height of plants with the degree of their light-requiring is conﬁ rmed.
TO THE QUESTION OF THE NEED TO DEVELOP METHODS OF IMPROVEMENT OF BUFFER ZONES OF PROTECTED AREAS OF REGIONAL SIGNIFICANCE ON THE EXAMPLE OF UUOL PROTECTED AREAS IN THE SEVERKA
Authors: Фролова Т.И. , Мухлынина Т.А.
Published: October 2023

Человек неразрывно связан с природой: неконтролируемый туризм, хозяйственная и иная деятельность приводят к изменениям окружающей природной среды. Для сохранения уникальных компонентов природной среды, устойчивости и естественного биоразнообразия создаются особо охраняемые природные территории. Организация, использование и защита особо охраняемых природных территорий (ООПТ) регулируется законодательными актами. На территории Уральского учебно-опытного лесхоза расположено одиннадцать ООПТ – государственных памятников природы областного значения. В целях защиты ООПТ от неблагоприятных антропогенных воздействий на прилегающих к ним территориях могут создаваться буферные зоны с регулируемым режимом хозяйственной деятельности. Разработка приемов благоустройства буферных зон позволит правильно распределить рекреационную нагрузку, улучшить санитарное состояние и создать туристско-рекреационную инфраструктуру. В данной работе рассмотрены основные положения нормативных актов, регулирующие использование и охрану памятников природы областного значения, а также на примере памятника природы областного значения «Скала Соколиный камень с окружающими лесами» разработан проект буферной зоны и разработаны проектные предложения для ее благоустройства.

Man is inextricably linked with nature, uncontrolled tourism, economic and other activities lead to changes in the natural environment. Specially protected natural territories are being created to preserve the unique components of the natural environment, preserve sustainability and natural biodiversity. The organization, use and protection of specially protected natural territories is regulated by legislative acts. On the territory of the Ural educational and experimental forestry there are eleven specially protected natural territories – state monuments of nature of regional signiﬁ cance. In order to protect specially protected natural territories from adverse anthropogenic impacts, buffer zones with a regulated mode of economic activity can be created in the territories adjacent to them. The development of techniques for the improvement of buffer zones will allow to properly distribute the recreational load, improve the sanitary condition and create a tourist and recreational infrastructure. In this paper, the main provisions of normative acts regulating the use and protection of natural monuments of regional signiﬁ cance are considered, as well as on the example of a natural monument of regional signiﬁ cance “Rock Falcon Stone with surrounding forests”, a draft buffer zone has been developed and project proposals for its improvement have been developed.
Papa y las elecciones en El Salvador
Authors: J. D.
Published: October 2023

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ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 37, No. 401, 1982: 205-206.
Perlindungan Hukum Tenaga Kerja Lokal Pasca Regulasi Uu Ketenagakerjaan Studi Siyāsah Shar’iyyah
Authors: Qosim Sarah , Riskiyah Wasiatur , Saputra M. Adi , Pettanase Ismail
Published: October 2023

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa peran pemerintah dalam harmonisasi perlindungan hukum regulasi Undang-Undang No. 13 tahun 2003 tentang Ketenagakerjaan diregulasi menjadi Undang-Undang No. 11 Tahun 2020 tentang Cipta Kerja terkait terkait Upah Minumum diubah dan dihapus, ketentuan kontrak kerja sebelumnya dihapus, hak cuti wanita melahirkan diubah, ketentuan perjanjian pesangon diubah. Menurut perspektif teori perlindungan hukum Philupus M. Hadjo, prinisp-prinsip Siyāsah Shar’iyyah Muhammad Tahir Azhary, dan teori maqāṣhid shariah Imam Syatibi. Penelitian artikel ini menggunakan penelitian yuridis-normatif dengan metode pendekatan perundang-undangan (Statute Approach). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) Peran pemerintah dalam harmonisasi perlindungan hukum regulasi Undang-Undang No. 13 tahun 2003 tentang Ketenagakerjaan menjadi Undang-Undang No. 11 Tahun 2020 tentang Cipta Kerja dirasa belum memberikan perlindungan bagi tenaga kerja secara maksimal. (2) Menurut prinsip-prinsip Siyāsah Shar’iyyah yang ditawarkan oleh Muhammad Tahir Azhary, peran pemerintah dalam harmonisasi Undang-undang cipta kerja belum sejalan untuk menegakkan keadilan, prinsip musyawarah, prinsip kesamaan, prinsip penegakkan hak asasi manusia, dan prinsip kesejahteraan. (3) Selain itu, penerapan 5 pilar maqāṣhid shariah Imam Syatibi belum sejalan seutuhnya dengan beberapa konsep maqāṣhid shariah seperti penyalahan terhadap perlindungan agama (hifdh al-din), jiwa (hifdh al-nafs), akal (hifdh al-aql), keturunan (hifdh al-nasl). Namun dianggap sudah sejalan dalam memelihara harta (hifdh al-maal), karena upah yang diberikan berdasarkan dalam perjanjian. Belum sejalannya beberapa konsep maqāṣhid shariah menyebabkan belum tercapainya kemaslahatan secara
CRIMINOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF PERSONS WHO COMMITTED THE CRIME OF DRIVING MINORS TO SUICIDE
Authors:   University of Public Security of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Ismailov Ahmad
Published: October 2023

This article describes the issues related to the criminological description of the criminal in the suicide of a minor. In addition, the article analyzes the concept of a criminal person in the suicide of a minor, his socio-demographic, biophysiological, and spiritual description, and studies the opinions of scientists in this regard. In the author’s article, he describes the criminal who caused the suicide of a minor to the point of suicide as a result of expressing his opinion: «a person who disregards the norms and rules of etiquette established for him in society in the process of socialization, disregards the interests of the individual, society, and the state, and is contrary to the public danger of his behavior despite knowing that they are, a person with a behavior that tends to violate and not comply with them. In addition, in the article, the author studies criminals by classifications such as «violent», «malicious», «career», «playful» «vindictive» and «protective». In the article, as a result of the study of the materials of the criminal case filed against the persons guilty of the suicide of a minor, it was found that in most cases, it was committed as a result of violence related to psychological pressure on the victims of this crime.
DETECTION OF OFFENCES RELATED TO FORGERY OF DOCUMENTS AND SECURITIES, COPYING OF SIGNATURES, AND ALTERATION OF DOCUMENTS
Authors:   Kashkadarya Regional Legal Technique, Shonazarov Abduvali
Published: October 2023

This article highlights important aspects of the foreign practice of investigating crimes related to the forgery of documents and securities. Crimes related to the forgery of documents and securities are among the most widespread crimes of our time. With the development of technologies, the possibilities of their use are expanding. Despite the high level of security protecting the authenticity of documents, especially nowadays, there are still ways to forge them thanks to modern technology. The relevance of this offense lies in the fact that falsification of documents is relevant not only because of its public danger but also because of the harm caused to the individual and the state. It is also important to identify altered or created elements of copied signatures and documents, as this type of crime is becoming more and more violent. That is, resourceful criminals introduce and use new types of devices (QR codes and stamps) to achieve their goals. In the article, the opinions of foreign specialists on the considered theme are given. It is noted that it is peculiar for every member of society to address the documents to ensure the legality of their actions. It is quite natural that such a wide use of documents attracts the attention of criminals.
PENGARUH MOTIVASI BELAJAR DAN KEMANDIRIAN BELAJAR SELAMA MASA PANDEMI COVID–19 TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR PESERTA DIDIK KELAS XII PADA MATA PELAJARAN EKONOMI DI SMA NEGERI 6 DEPOK
Authors: SUSANTI RETNO
Published: October 2023

This research aims to determine the influence of learning motivation and learning independence during the Covid-19 pandemic on the learning outcomes of class Xii students in economics subjects at SMA Negeri 6 Depok. The type of research used is quantitative research. The population in the research is class XII students at SMA Negeri 6 Depok for the 2021/2022 academic year. The sample selection used simple random sampling so that 248 class XII students of SMA Negeri 6 Depok were obtained. The data collection technique is in the form of a questionnaire or questionnaire. The data analysis technique uses t-test statistics. The research procedure was carried out by distributing questionnaires to each sample. Each questionnaire consists of 35 questions. Based on the results of research on the influence of learning motivation and learning independence during the Covid-19 pandemic on the learning outcomes of class study of the learning outcomes of class XII students in economics subjects at SMA Negeri 6 Depok. Learning independence on the learning outcomes of class XII students in economics subjects at SMA Negeri 6 Depok. There is a simultaneous influence of learning motivation and learning independence on the learning outcomes of class XII students in economics subjects at SMA Negeri 6 Depok.

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh motivasi belajar dan kemandirian belajar selama masa pandemi covid–19 terhadap hasil belajar peserta didik kelas Xii pada mata pelajaran ekonomi di SMA Negeri 6 Depok. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan yaitu penelitian kuantitatif. Populasi dalam penelitian yaitu siswa kelas XII di SMA Negeri 6 Depok tahun ajaran 2021/2022. Pemilihan sampel menggunakan simple random sampling sehingga didapatkan 248 siswa kelas XII SMA Negeri 6 Depok. Teknik pengumpulan data berupa kuosioner atau angket. Teknik analisis data menggunakan statistik uji-t. Prosedur penelitian dilakukan dengan menyebarkan angket pada tiap tiap sampel. Setiap angket terdiri dari 35 soal. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tentang Pengaruh Motivasi Belajar dan Kemandirian Belajar Selama Masa Pandemi Covid–19 terhadap Hasil Belajar Peserta Didik Kelas XII Pada Mata Pelajaran Ekonomi di SMA Negeri 6 Depok, maka peneliti dapat mengambil kesimpulan bahwa: Terdapat pengaruh secara parsial antar variabel, yaitu antara motivasi belajar terhadap hasil belajar peserta didik kelas XII pada mata pelajaran ekonomi di SMA Negeri 6 Depok. Kemandirian belajar terhadap hasil belajar peserta didik kelas XII pada mata pelajaran ekonomi di SMA Negeri 6 Depok. Terdapat pengaruh motivasi belajar dan kemandirian belajar secara simultan terhadap hasil belajar peserta didik kelas XII pada mata pelajaran ekonomi di SMA Negeri 6 Depok.
DESENVOLVIMENTO TERRITORIAL A PARTIR DA REDE PROFISSIONAL DE EDUCAÇÃO PROFISSIONAL E TECNOLÓGICA NO ESTADO DO MARANHÃO
Authors: Carvalho Ana Karina França Ferreira
Published: October 2023

A presente pesquisa, tem por objetivo demonstrar por meio de dados socioeconômicos (social, demográfico, político, institucional, econômico e ambiental) o desenvolvimento territorial do Estado do Maranhão a partir da Rede Profissional de Educação Profissional e Tecnológica. Como conclusão, verificou-se que o grau de desenvolvimento dos territórios é um processo de construção social, e que a inovação é a estratégia principal de desenvolvimento nos territórios. Portanto, reconhece a importância dos Institutos Federais nos processos de capacitação tecnológica como estratégia governamental de criação e transferência de conhecimentos.
A QUESTÃO DA GUARDA COMPARTILHADA DE ANIMAIS DE ESTIMAÇÃO EM FAMÍLIAS MULTIESPÉCIE: ASPECTOS JURÍDICOS E SOCIAIS NA DISSOLUÇÃO DO VÍNCULO CONJUGAL
Authors: Poeys Anna Karolina Morais , Marinho Naira Silva , Resgala Júnior Renato Marcelo , Lessa Paulo Rubens Magacho
Published: October 2023

O artigo em questão aborda a guarda compartilhada de animais de estimação em famílias multiespécie e seus aspectos jurídicos e sociais na dissolução do vínculo conjugal. Considerando o aumento significativo do número de famílias que possuem animais de estimação e que vivenciam a dissolução do vínculo conjugal, premente é a necessidade de se discutir os aspectos legais e sociais envolvidos neste contexto, necessitando de uma análise acerca da evolução histórica da relação afetiva entre o homem e o animal, bem assim as questões legais envolvendo a guarda compartilhada dos animais de estimação. Com isso, objetiva-se analisar os efeitos jurídicos e a possibilidade de guarda compartilhada para animais domésticos em famílias multiespécie na dissolução do vínculo conjugal. Partindo da hipótese de que a guarda compartilhada pode ser uma alternativa viável para minimizar os efeitos negativos na vida dos animais e de seus tutores, este trabalho será desenvolvido a partir de pesquisa bibliográfica, na qual serão utilizadas como fontes livros, artigos científicos e jurisprudências sobre o tema, objetivando analisar a legislação brasileira, bem como os aspectos sociais que permeiam a relação entre animais de estimação e seus tutores.
3D assimilation and radiative impact assessment of aerosol black carbon over the Indian region using aircraft, balloon, ground-based, and multi-satellite observations
Authors: Kala Nair Krishnan , Anand Narayana Sarma , Manoj Mohanan R. , Prasanth Srinivasan , Pathak Harshavardhana S. , Prabhakaran Thara , Safai Pramod D. , Moorthy Krishnaswamy K. , Satheesh Sreedharan K.
Published: October 2023

Abstract. A three-dimensional (spatial and vertical) gridded data set of
black carbon (BC) aerosols has been developed for the first time over the
Indian mainland using data from a dense ground-based network, aircraft- and
balloon-based measurements from multiple campaigns, and multi-satellite
observations, following statistical assimilation techniques. The assimilated
data reveal that the satellite products tend to underestimate
(overestimate) the aerosol absorption at lower (higher) altitudes with
possible climate implications. The regional maps of BC-induced atmospheric
heating derived using this data set capture the elevated aerosol heating
layers over the Indian region along with the spatial high over the
Indo-Gangetic Plain. It is shown that, over most of the Indian region, the
incorporation of realistic profiles of aerosol absorption/extinction
coefficients and single
scattering albedo into the radiative transfer calculations leads to
enhanced high-altitude warming. This could strongly influence the upper-tropospheric and lower-stratospheric processes, including the vertical
transport of BC to higher altitudes, and thus have larger implications for
atmospheric stability than what would be predicted using satellite
observations alone. This will have larger implications for atmospheric
stability than what would be predicted using satellite observations alone
and could strongly influence the upper-tropospheric and lower-stratospheric
processes, including increased vertical transport of BC to higher altitudes.
The 3D assimilated BC data set will be helpful in reducing the uncertainty
in aerosol radiative effects in climate model simulations over the Indian
region.
Linear polarization signatures of atmospheric dust with the SolPol direct-sun polarimeter
Authors: Daskalopoulou Vasiliki , Raptis Panagiotis I. , Tsekeri Alexandra , Amiridis Vassilis , Kazadzis Stelios , Ulanowski Zbigniew , Charmandaris Vassilis , Tassis Konstantinos , Martin William
Published: October 2023

Abstract. Dust particles in lofted atmospheric layers may present a
preferential orientation, which could be detected from the resulting
dichroic extinction of the transmitted sunlight. The first indications were
provided relatively recently on atmospheric dust layers using passive
polarimetry, when astronomical starlight observations of known polarization
were found to exhibit an excess in linear polarization, during desert dust
events that reached the observational site. We revisit the previous
observational methodology by targeting dichroic extinction of transmitted
sunlight through extensive atmospheric dust layers utilizing a direct-sun
polarimeter, which is capable to continuously monitor the polarization of
elevated aerosol layers. In this study, we present the unique observations
from the Solar Polarimeter (SolPol) for different periods within 2 years,
when the instrument was installed in the remote monitoring station of PANGEA
– the PANhellenic GEophysical observatory of Antikythera – in Greece. SolPol
records polarization, providing all four Stokes parameters, at a default
wavelength band centred at 550 nm with a detection limit of 10−7. We, overall, report on detected increasing trends of linear polarization,
reaching up to 700 parts per million, when the instrument is targeting away
from its zenith and direct sunlight propagates through dust concentrations
over the observatory. This distinct behaviour is absent on measurements we
acquire on days with lack of dust particle concentrations and in general of low aerosol content. Moreover, we investigate the dependence of the degree of linear polarization on the layers' optical depth under various dust loads
and solar zenith angles and attempt to interpret these observations as an
indication of dust particles being preferentially aligned in the Earth's
atmosphere.