bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis Keperluan Pelatihan sebagai Implementasi Pengembangan Tenaga Kerja
Authors: Wijaya Muksin
Published: February 2020

Tenaga kerja yang ada di perusahaan dan organisasi saat ini tidak lagi dipandang sebagai faktor produksi, tetapi  para tenaga kerja dipandang sebagai bagian dari harta yang dimiliki oleh perusahaan dan organisasi.  Sebagai bagian dari harta yang dimiliki perusahaan dan organisasi, maka perusahaan dan organisasi perlu menjaga, memelihara, dan mengembangkan para tenaga kerjanya  agar dapat mencapai kinerja terbaiknya bagi perusahaan dan organisasi.

Pengembangan tenaga kerja dalam perusahaan dapat dilakukan  dalam bentuk  pelatihan, dimana dengan pelatihan, maka para tenaga kerja dapat difasilitasi untuk semakin dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan kerja dan ketrampilan kerja mereka yang pada akhirnya  para tenaga kerja dalam berkinerja dengan lebih baik dan lebih optimal.

Untuk dapat menentukan pelatihan yang betul-betul diperlukan, maka  perlu dilakukan analisis.  Informasi-informasi bernilai kritis yang berkaitan dengan pengetahuan kerja, ketrampilan kerja dan sikap kerja yang perlu ditingkatkan dan dikembangkan   oleh para tenaga kerjanya perlu dijaring.  Analisis keperluan pelatihan yang baik akan menghasilkan  hasil  pelatihan yang lebih akurat, yang akan berdampak lebih positif bagi peningkatan kinerja perusahaan secara lebih luas. 

Dalam jurnal ini, para pembaca akan diajak untuk berkenalan dengan proses analisis keperluan pelatihan yang dapat dilakukan perusahaan atau organisasi. Diharapkan dengan mengimplementasikan analisis keperluan pelatihan ini, perusahaan dapat semakin baik dalam kinerjanya, semakin efektif dalam operasional bisnisnya, dan semakin efisien yang ditandai dengan kinerja dan capaian (outcomes) perusahaan yang semakin meningkat.
Implementasi Manajemen Risiko Sistem Informasi Menggunakan COBIT 5
Authors: Astuti Rini
Published: February 2020

Risiko merupakan kehilangan atau kerugian yang disebabkan karena adanya kelalaian, kesalahan manusia atau mesin, gangguan lingkungan, ancaman bahkan bencana alam di suatu lingkungan. Sistem informasi yang banyak dimanfaatkan organisasi dapat dipastikan memiliki risiko. Sehingga untuk mencapai tingkat keamanan dan kenyamanan pemakaian sistem dan tekno;ogi informasi yang memadai diperlukan manajemen risiko. Bermacam kerangka kerja untuk melakukan manajemen risiko dapat dipilih, diantaranya adalah yang dikeluarkan oleh Asosiasi ISACA (Information System Auditor and Control Association) yaitu framework COBIT (Control Objectives for Information and Technology).

COBIT 5 versi tahun 2013, menyediakan proses yang terstruktur dan memisahkan kegiatan manajemen  dan tata kelola ke dalam model referensi proses yang tersedia. Penelitian ini dibuat untuk mengimplementasikan salah satu kerangka kerja manajemen risiko system informasi dari COBIT 5 pada domain APO (Align, Plan, Organize) 12 dengan studi kasus Sitem Informasi Perpustakaan Digital/ Digital Library suatu Perguruan Tinggi di  Bandung. Hasil penelitian ini dapat digunakan sebagai referensi untuk melakukan manajemen  risiko dengan salah satu kerangka kerja yang tersedia.
Pengaruh Pemanfaatan Media Pembelajaran Audiovisual dalam Upaya Peningkatan Motivasi Belajar dan Adversity Quotient terhadap Prestasi Belajar Matematika (Studi Kasus: SMK Rosma Karawang)
Authors: Malfiany Rini
Published: February 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui : 1). Pengaruh penggunaan media Pembelajaran Audiovisual terhadap prestasi belajar. 2). Pengaruh motivasi belajar terhadap prestasi belajar. 3). Pengaruh adversity quotient terhadap prestasi belajar. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di SMK Rosma Karawang sebagai kelas eksperimen yaitu Kelas X TKJ, dan Kelas X AP sebagai kelas pembanding. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen. Penarikan sampel penelitian adalah multi stage random sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan nilai dan angket. Nilai dan angket untuk mengetahui motivasi belajar siswa dan adversity quotient siswa. Instrumen diujikan pada Kelas X TKJ dan Kelas X AP SMK Rosma Karawang. Uji validitas dan reliabilitas menggunakan SPSS ver 16.0. dengan 20 butir pertanyaan.

Hasil uji reliabilitas menunjukkan bahwa seluruh variabel koefisien alpha > 0.06, sehingga seluruh pertanyaan dalam setiap variabel adalah reliabel. Kesimpulan berdasarkan analisis data adalah: 1) Ada pengaruh signifikan pemanfaatan media audiovisual terhadap prestasi belajar mata pelajaran matematika dengan nilai P *** taraf signifikasi 5% artinya H0 ditolak. 2) Tidak ada pengaruh signifikan motivasi belajar terhadap prestasi belajar taraf signifikasi 5% artinya H0 diterima, tetapi pada taraf signifikan 1% H0 ditolak. 3) Tidak ada pengaruh signifikan adversity quotient terhadap prestasi belajar pada mata pelajaran matematika pada taraf signifikan 5% sehingga H0 diterima.
Analisis dan Perancangan Sistem Informasi Penjualan Tunai, Pengelolaan Persediaan Bahan Baku, dan Produksi Pada CV X
Authors: Ariena Vega , Juandy Yenita
Published: February 2020

Pengaruh teknologi memasuki hampir seluruh aspek kehidupan manusia dan juga perekonomian guna menunjang proses bisnis menjadi lebih efektif dan efisien. Sistem informasi yang berjalan di CV X saat ini masih belum berjalan dengan baik, belum memanfaatkan komputer sehingga waktu pengerjaan tugas terhambat dan keakuratan data tidak terjamin, proses pencarian data menjadi lebih lama.

Penulis merancang sistem informasi baru yang lebih akurat, mudah digunakan, dan sesuai dengan pekerjaan masing-masing pengguna sistem informasi. Selain itu sistem informasi yang sudah dirancang dilengkapi dengan pengamanan sistem untuk menghindari ancaman pasif dan aktif yang mungkin terjadi seperti sabotase, pencurian data, hilangnya data akibat bencana alam maupun tindakan-tindakan yang tidak disengaja. Pengendalian internal pun menjadi hal penting yang harus diperhatikan oleh perusahaan untuk dapat menjalankan proses bisnisnya dengan baik.
Analisis dan Perancangan Sistem Informasi Fasilitas Kolaborasi dan Monitoring Penyusunan Perangkat Diklat di Pusdiklat Mineral dan Batubara
Authors: Shandi Yusup Jauhari
Published: February 2020

Peningkatan kualitas sumber daya manusia perlu dilakukan secara terencana, terarah, dan berkesinambungan dalam rangka meningkatkan kemampuan dan profesionalisme. Sasaran dari pengembangan kualitas sumber daya manusia adalah untuk meningkatkan kinerja operasional sumber daya manusia dalam melaksanakan tugas-tugas. Selain itu, kualitas sumberdaya manusia yang tinggi akan bermuara pada lahirnya komitmen yang kuat dalam penyelesaian tugas-tugas rutin sesuai tanggung jawab dan fungsinya masing-masing secara lebih efisien, efektif, dan produktif. Dalam peningkatan kualitas sumber daya manusia tersebut perlu diselenggarakan pendidikan dan pelatihan.

Penyusunan perangkat diklat yang tepat waktu dan berkualitas sangat mendukung kegiatan diklat berjalan dengan baik. Untuk lebih meningkatkan kualitas dan ketepatan waktu proses penyusunan perangkat diklat yang telah ada maka dibuatlah Sistem Aplikasi “Fasilitas Kolaborasi dan monitoring Penyusunan Perangkat Diklat”
Elecciones tecnológicas y prácticas alfareras en el tambo Costa de Reyes Nº 5 (Tinogasta, Catamarca): aproximaciones petrográficas.
Authors: Vera Sergio , De la Fuente Guillermo
Published: February 2020

Se presentan los resultados de los estudios tecnológicos realizados a través de la aplicación de petrografía a una muestra cerámica procedente de Costa de Reyes Nº5 (Departamento Tinogasta, provincia de Catamarca, Argentina), sitio arqueológico definido como un tambo incaico, con evidencia de ocupación previa desde momentos finales del Período Tardío. La finalidad de este trabajo es obtener una caracterización tecnológica del savoir -faire propio de los alfareros para momentos del Tardío e Inca. Para cumplir con los objetivos se procedió metodológicamente a través de la aplicación de diferentes técnicas analíticas macroscópicas, submacroscópica y microscópicas a una muestra compuesta por 245 fragmentos, pertenecientes a los estilos Sanagasta, Inca y Diaguita Inca. Esto permitió visualizar algunas tendencias tecnológicas generales, lo que nos lleva pensar sobre los cambios y continuidades del savoir -faire de los alfareros antiguos para el periodo de transición Tardío/Inca en el sur del valle de Abaucán.
Tecnología cerámica a través de la petrografía en la Quebrada de Miriguaca (Antofagasta de la Sierra, Catamarca) durante el Período Tardío
Authors: Gasparotti Leticia
Published: February 2020

Este trabajo es el resultado de las investigaciones realizadas sobre el material cerámico del sitio Corral Alto (Antofagasta de la Sierra, Provincia de Catamarca). A través del estudio petrográfico de la alfarería proveniente de este sitio se presenta una primera aproximación de los modos de hacer cerámica durante el Período Tardío en la Quebrada del río Miriguaca. A lo largo de este trabajo se buscó determinar la composición mineralógica de las pastas cerámicas, examinar la relación de estas con las características geológicas locales, e indagar en las diversas elecciones tecnológicas y los modos de hacer particulares de este conjunto, pensando en las vasijas cerámicas como objeto que ensambla y reúne materiales, personas y lugares en extensas redes de relaciones. Se consideró un universo de estudio de 2171 tiestos cerámicos separados en 16 grupos o familias de fragmentos. Partiendo de estos grupos, en esta oportunidad, 37 muestras se analizaron petrográficamente. De este modo, se pudieron establecer algunas elecciones tecnológicas de los alfareros que vinculan la cerámica de Corral Alto con una producción local, no estandarizada y flexible. La información obtenida permitió repensar las relaciones entre estas prácticas alfareras y aquellas llevadas a cabo en diferentes sectores de la microrregión
LA ELABORACIÓN DE CUENTAS CON VALVAS DE MOLUSCOS EN PATAGONIA A TRAVÉS DE LA ARQUEOLOGÍA EXPERIMENTAL
Authors: Leonardt Sabrina
Published: February 2020

En este trabajo se presentan los resultados de un programa de arqueología experimental de elaboración de cuentas de valva, llevado a cabo en el marco de un proyecto de investigación doctoral cuyo objetivo fue analizar los patrones de producción y distribución de este tipo de artefactos en Patagonia durante el Holoceno tardío. El programa experimental se desarrolló con la finalidad de conocer: la factibilidad de generar diferentes diseños métrico-morfológicos de cuentas empleando valvas de distintos moluscos marinos, el tiempo y grado de habilidad necesarios para elaborarlos, y profundizar en el conocimiento de los tipos de huellas técnicas generadas durante su producción, a fin de construir un marco de referencia que permita reconocer instancias de producción local en el registro arqueológico. Los resultados permiten sugerir que no existen importantes limitaciones relacionadas con las cualidades de las materias primas ni con el grado de conocimiento técnico necesario para elaborar estos tipos de cuentas, pudiendo ser llevadas a cabo con relativa facilidad por un operador poco experto. Asimismo, se propone que la posibilidad de reconocer contextos de producción de cuentas estará limitada por la identificación de unas pocas piezas con huellas diagnósticas.
ESTABLISHING DYNAMIC IMPACT FUNCTION FOR HOUSE PRICING BASED ON SURRENDING MULTI-ATTRIBUTES: EVIDENCE FROM TAIPEI CITY, TAIWAN
Authors: Chen Jieh-Haur , Yang Li-Ren , Azzizi Vidya Trisandin , Chu Eric , Wei Hsi-Hsien
Published: February 2020

The objective of the research is aimed for a solution that is to establish the dynamic impact function of surrounding multi-attribute for house pricing. It is also able to measure the ripple effect and allows the hedonic parameter estimates to vary from point-to-point. A comprehensive literature review is carried out to obtain an adequate theoretical basis for the corresponding hypothesis and concepts. The proposed dynamic impact function for multi- attributes is then constructed based on the characteristics of surrounding facilities. Adopting the convenience sampling criteria of 95% confidence level on the data sampling and 10% limit of error in a 5−95% proportion, we collect the empirical data of 39 yearly house sales in the investigated urban areas of Taipei city focusing on housing prices and then utilize them for evaluating and adjusting the function. The actual house price and that of proposed function affected by Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) stations are analysed, resulting in the correlation coefficient at 0.946 (single attribute) and 0.944 (multi-attribute), respectively. The findings support that proposed function can highly represent the house pricing pattern and be an accurate tool for appraisers.
A new species of Glyptapanteles Ashmead (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Microgastrinae) within Macrobrochis gigas (Lepidoptera, Arctiidae, Lithosiidae) in Fujian, China
Authors: Lu Ciding , Tang JinHan , Dong Wanying , Zhou Youjun , Gai Xinmin , Lin HaoYu , Song Dongbao , Liang GuangHong
Published: February 2020

The south-east coastal area of Fujian, China, belongs to the Oriental Realm, and is characterized by a high insect species richness. In this work, a new species of Hymenopteran parasitoid,Glyptapanteles gigasLiang & Song,sp. nov.found in Jinjiang within hosts of caterpillarsMacrobrochis gigas(Lepidoptera: Arctiidae), is described and illustrated, with differences from similar species. Additionally, we presumed that both parasitoid and host species play very important role in the coevolution and tritrophic interaction between plants, phytophagous insects, and their parasitoids, because these insects probably broke the sporangia and made contributions to their colonization, or some spores were spread for long distances by adult moths after their emergence, or some parasitoids were attracted by the eggs and larvae of these caterpillars, which was also thought to be helpful to spread of spores.
Re-examination of the Chinese record of Opisthotropis maculosa (Squamata, Natricidae), resulting in the first national record of O. haihaensis and description of a new species
Authors: Wang Jian , Lyu Zhi-Tong , Zeng Zhao-Chi , Lin Chao-Yu , Yang Jian-Huan , Nguyen Truong Quang , Le Minh D. , Ziegler Thomas , Wang Ying-Yong
Published: February 2020

The taxonomic status of the previous record of Opisthotropis maculosa Stuart & Chuaynkern, 2007 from Guangdong and Guangxi, southern China, is revised based on the comparison of morphological and molecular data collected from the Chinese specimens and the holotype of O. maculosa from Thailand and O. haihaensis Ziegler, Pham, Nguyen, Nguyen, Wang, Wang, Stuart & Le, 2019 from Vietnam. Results reveal that the population from Shiwandashan Nature Reserve in southern Guangxi, China belongs to O. haihaensis, and represents the first national record for China; the populations from western Guangdong and southeastern Guangxi are described as a new species, Opisthotropis hungtaisp. nov. We suggest that O. maculosa should be removed from the Chinese herpetofauna checklist. The new national record of O. haihaensis and the description of the new species bring the total number of Opisthotropis to 13 in China.
L’assemblée de ville, la tutelle du prince et les statuts à Marseille au milieu du xive siècle
Authors: Otchakovsky-Laurens François
Published: February 2020

Les statuts communaux marseillais conservent un caractère évolutif même après la prise de contrôle de la seigneurie urbaine par Charles d’Anjou (1257-1262). Parallèlement à cette activité d’écriture statutaire, le xive siècle connaît une forte croissance de la production documentaire municipale, en particulier les enregistrements de délibérations. Les normes statutaires s’articulent à l’activité quotidienne du gouvernement de la ville. Les élites urbaines, à l’origine des ajouts et modifications apportés aux statuts, savent manier ceux-ci, s’y réfèrent et y recourent fréquemment, de façon plus ou moins précise, selon leurs besoins. Ces pratiques vivantes du droit montrent la capacité de l’assemblée urbaine à influer sur le corpus statutaire, pour l’adapter aux nécessités du gouvernement de la ville. Les élites marseillaises s’appuient sur les statuts pour affirmer leur autorité, notamment vis-à-vis de la tutelle des officiers royaux. Les statuts marseillais constituent un instrument réel du pouvoir, à la fois pour gouverner la ville et pour affirmer le gouvernement du conseil vis-à-vis des pouvoirs supérieurs.
Learning Leadership and Technology Enhanced Learning
Authors: O'Hagan Celia
Published: February 2020

The development of technology in the classroom has gone through significant change in the last two decades. Inevitably there is a shift in vision within schools and colleges, requiring educational leaders to advance both tools for information and communication technologies as aids in the classroom and creative multimedia to offer a more comprehensive teaching and learning environment. This is particularly true where a strategy for whole school pertains. Effective leadership in education is also viewed in this light as integral to the advancement of technology enhanced learning both strategically and operationally. This chapter, in keeping with the theme of 'mediated learning', will advance the discussion for readers around the concept of teaching and learning-focused design and offers practical models for consideration both for leaders in education and for teachers in the classroom.
Teaching Across Time and Space
Authors: Drumm Louise
Published: February 2020

Technology can be used to bring people closer together yet can also come between them and push them apart. In an age where discourse around our relationship with technology is becoming more widely discussed as problematic, what are the experiences of educators when they use technology for teaching? This chapter discusses influential conceptions of technology and maps them onto digitally mediated teaching. Tensions are identified within the relationships between educator, technology, and learner, and sociomaterial approaches are presented as a means to navigate these areas. Using a research project to demonstrate how sociomaterialism can work in practice, digital teaching was found to be re-distributed over space and time, resulting in consequences, not all of which were intended. This chapter proposes a more interconnected understanding of how people, technology, and learning are enmeshed and makes recommendations for further work that could be done in this area.
Technology Education and Learning in Smart Cities
Authors: Sadeh Arik , Feniser Cristina , Dusa Silvia Ionela
Published: February 2020

This chapter gives a through description about aspects of smart cities and learning. The concept of smart city has already been deeply involved in our communities. Education and learning are discussed as part of the environment in a smart city. Three relevant components of smart city are provided first, followed by a wide literature review and background about smart learning. We give findings of the perception of the term smart city by young talents. A study about the perception of smart learning and relevant technological aspects was conducted and described. Students are willing to share knowledge and work together in the digital age. Sharing knowledge in a smart city is imperative for better performance in many aspects of the smart city and especially in smart learning and education.
Cultural Awareness and Distance Communication
Authors: Cunha Suzana Noronha , Chorão Graça Bigotte , Silva Manuel Moreira , Ribeiro Sandra
Published: February 2020

This chapter reflects upon technology-mediated projects used to discuss and foster cultural awareness and proposes a methodology to be implemented in international, educational environments where communication could easily be hindered by cultural dissimilarities leading to conflict. More specifically, it seeks to answer two main questions, namely, whether technology is an aid or an obstacle in effective communication between students that never meet face-to-face and which obstacles, generated by technology-mediated communication in virtual teams, affect the intended outcome and how. These questions were raised during the participation of the authors of the chapter over a number of years in the Trans-Atlantic & Pacific Project, where the complex process of learning-by-doing was achieved through peer interaction and the completion of realistic collaborative activities performed by North American and Portuguese students, prospect technical writers, and translators, respectively.
Exploring Key Success Factors of Indian Pharmaceutical Supply Chain Using Interpretive Structural Modelling
Authors: Mishra Anurag , Dutta Pankaj , Kakoti Suruj
Published: February 2020

Indian pharmaceutical industry is witnessing enormous challenges due to varying patent laws, increasing demand, and continuous pressure from the government to provide medicines at a lower price. To overcome these challenges, there is a need for a more robust supply chain (SC) which will help in information sharing and reduce overall cost. The chapter determines the key drivers of Indian pharmaceutical SC, and draws the attention of industry, stakeholders, and top management to emphasise on these drivers to enhance the performance and profitability of SC. An interpretive structural modelling-based approach has been employed to model the pharmaceutical SC key drivers. The 16 key parameters have been identified across all major dimensions such as SC, HR, & organizational, market, technology, and reverse logistics. Further fuzzy MICMAC analysis is done to categorize based on their driving and dependence power. The factors like collaborative relationship among SC partners, quality regulations, third party logistics, and end-to-end responsive SC are found to be more important enablers.
Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Process for Decentralized Healthcare Services Assessment
Authors: Castañeda William Alberto Cruz
Published: February 2020

Home health service, as decentralization form in many health systems, has an objective to deliver high-quality, long-term care inside the patient's home. However, management of those services is about handling a complex decision problem related with the care delivery process composed by technologies, patients, structures, and professionals. Consequently, the decision problem requires finding effective ways to involve assessment and management of several criterias to achieve continuous quality improvement. For this purpose, its useful implements structured approaches with multiple criteria decision analysis (MCDA) techniques. Nevertheless, there are many MCDA methods available and these differ not just in how they are put into practice but also in terms of fundamental theories underpinning them. Therefore, this chapter contributes with a methodological approach to establish a decision analysis for assessing home health services through MACBETH and ULOWA techniques. To demonstrate the feasibility of the methodology, a study case was applied into a homecare service.
Multicriteria Decision Support Model for Selection of Tinplate Suppliers
Authors: Pinho Rafaela Ribeiro , Lopes Ana Paula
Published: February 2020

The evaluation and selection of suppliers has been an issue of great strategic importance over time. In this way, a structured evaluation is crucial, considering several criteria. This work reviews several multicriteria decision support methodologies explored in the literature to solve the supplier evaluation process based on CAN company specifications, strategies, and requirements. Considering the characteristics of each supplier and a set of criteria with different weights, the AHP method and the PROMETHEE method are applied to establish a ranking according to the performance in the selected criteria. In addition, to help the company make the best decision, an analysis of ranking stability is performed by varying the weights assigned to the criteria. The study and models developed were easy to apply and understand, meeting the specified objectives.
Fuzzy Failure Mode and Effects Analysis in a Pharmaceutical Production Process With Fuzzy PROMETHEE Method
Authors: Dağ Sündüz
Published: February 2020

Failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA) is a quality improvement technique that defines potential errors and ranks them according to their degree of effectiveness in both service and production processes. While enterprises want to produce quality products or services, they also strive to reduce the cost of quality. At this point, the FMEA method provides a proactive approach to decision makers by ensuring that the types of errors in products sent to both internal and external customers and the probability of occurrence of these errors are predicted. In recent years, the FMEA method has begun to be evaluated in the frame of fuzzy logic to obtain more effective results. In this way, results have become realistic and objective. This chapter analyzes pharmaceutical production process to define potential error types and the effect of these errors. Risk priority order of error types is determined by Fuzzy PROMETHEE Method.
Offloading as a Service Middleware for Mobile Cloud Apps
Authors: Jadad Hamid A , Touzene Abderezak , Day Khaled
Published: February 2020

Recently, much research has focused on the improvement of mobile app performance and their power optimization, by offloading computation from mobile devices to public cloud computing platforms. However, the scalability of these offloading services on a large scale is still a challenge. This article describes a solution to this scalability problem by proposing a middleware that provides offloading as a service (OAS) to large-scale implementation of mobile users and apps. The proposed middleware OAS uses adaptive VM allocation and deallocation algorithms based on a CPU rate prediction model. Furthermore, it dynamically schedules the requests using a load-balancing algorithm to ensure meeting QoS requirements at a lower cost. The authors have tested the proposed algorithm by conducting multiple simulations and compared our results with state-of-the-art algorithms based on various performance metrics under multiple load conditions. The results show that OAS achieves better response time with a minimum number of VMs and reduces 50% of the cost compared to existing approaches.
An Efficient Neural Network-Based Prediction Scheme for Heterogeneous Networks
Authors: Hosny Khalid M. , Khashaba Marwa M. , Khedr Walid I. , Amer Fathy A.
Published: February 2020

In mobile wireless networks, the challenge of providing full mobility without affecting the quality of service (QoS) is becoming essential. These challenges can be overcome using handover prediction. The process of determining the next station which mobile user desires to transfer its data connection can be termed as handover prediction. A new proposed prediction scheme is presented in this article dependent on scanning all signal quality between the mobile user and all neighboring stations in the surrounding areas. Additionally, the proposed scheme efficiency is enhanced essentially for minimizing the redundant handover (unnecessary handovers) numbers. Both WLAN and long term evolution (LTE) networks are used in the proposed scheme which is evaluated using various scenarios with several numbers and locations of mobile users and with different numbers and locations of WLAN access point and LTE base station, all randomly. The proposed prediction scheme achieves a success rate of up to 99% in several scenarios consistent with LTE-WLAN architecture. To understand the network characteristics for enhancing efficiency and increasing the handover successful percentage especially with mobile station high speeds, a neural network model is used. Using the trained network, it can predict the next target station for heterogeneous network handover points. The proposed neural network-based scheme added a significant improvement in the accuracy ratio compared to the existing schemes using only the received signal strength (RSS) as a parameter in predicting the next station. It achieves a remarkable improvement in successful percentage ratio up to 5% compared with using only RSS.
Smart Collaborative Learning
Authors: Akhrif Ouidad , Benfares Chaymae , El Idrissi Younès El Bouzekri , Hmina Nabil
Published: February 2020

Technologically enhanced learning has shifted from digital resources to smart components to afford more content, support tools, and provide learning guidance that meets a learner's needs and interests by delivering smart university services. Smart interaction is essential in smart university, it is a concept that offers new opportunities and new channels of communication between learners. This communication is reinforced by the concept of collaboration, an important factor for knowledge sharing. The current study concerns team building based on the recommendation of the most appropriate collaborator in order to make groups of learners promoting universal participation of all members of the team. The complexity of this problem requires collaborative filtering algorithms to find the potential collaborators for each learner, taking into account problem-solving as a parameter representing items of the recommendation matrix.
An Exploration of the Impact of Virtual Reality Interfaces on Online Shopping
Authors: Hsu Wen-Chin , Chen Po-Han , Chen Chung-Yang
Published: February 2020

Virtual reality presents exciting new opportunities for e-commerce with regard to the development of innovative shopping services. This article reports on an experimental investigation into the coordinated use of two human-computer interfaces (HCIs) for online shopping: virtual reality (VR) and webpages. We adopted the uses and gratification theory and technology acceptance model to determine how these HCIs affect online shopping intentions. Data from 98 participants revealed that entertainment value, informativeness, perceived ease-of-use, and perceived usefulness are the primary factors influencing the intention to use the VR HCI for online shopping (p < 0.05). Informativeness, perceived ease-of-use, and perceived usefulness are the main factors influencing the intention to use the webpage HCI for online shopping (p < 0.05). This study provides insights for businesses how to develop innovative shopping services using VR.
Artificial Intelligence (AI) Ethics
Authors: Siau Keng , Wang Weiyu
Published: February 2020

Artificial intelligence (AI)-based technology has achieved many great things, such as facial recognition, medical diagnosis, and self-driving cars. AI promises enormous benefits for economic growth, social development, as well as human well-being and safety improvement. However, the low-level of explainability, data biases, data security, data privacy, and ethical problems of AI-based technology pose significant risks for users, developers, humanity, and societies. As AI advances, one critical issue is how to address the ethical and moral challenges associated with AI. Even though the concept of “machine ethics” was proposed around 2006, AI ethics is still in the infancy stage. AI ethics is the field related to the study of ethical issues in AI. To address AI ethics, one needs to consider the ethics of AI and how to build ethical AI. Ethics of AI studies the ethical principles, rules, guidelines, policies, and regulations that are related to AI. Ethical AI is an AI that performs and behaves ethically. One must recognize and understand the potential ethical and moral issues that may be caused by AI to formulate the necessary ethical principles, rules, guidelines, policies, and regulations for AI (i.e., Ethics of AI). With the appropriate ethics of AI, one can then build AI that exhibits ethical behavior (i.e., Ethical AI). This paper will discuss AI ethics by looking at the ethics of AI and ethical AI. What are the perceived ethical and moral issues with AI? What are the general and common ethical principles, rules, guidelines, policies, and regulations that can resolve or at least attenuate these ethical and moral issues with AI? What are some of the necessary features and characteristics of an ethical AI? How to adhere to the ethics of AI to build ethical AI?
The evaluative role of legislatures in creating a responsive executive
Authors: Zantsi Reitumetse
Published: February 2020

The ability of legislatures to play a more effective oversight role is intricately linked to its ability to properly conceptualise and institutionalise its monitoring and evaluation (ME) function. This article discusses the three main ways in which legislatures contribute to strengthening their oversight role over the executive, with a focus on the South African Parliament. The three ways in which Parliament creates a more responsive executive include: (1) utilising the results of evaluations conducted by departments, stimulating demand; (2) initiating Parliament-led evaluations, especially on transversal issues; and (3) the phenomena of legislature-focussed evaluations (self-assessments). The extent and nature of Parliament’s interaction will be explored including the internal arrangements for ME. The unique positioning of legislatures lends itself to exploring the use of tried and tested methodologies in a new environment, while the oversight mandate provides a key opportunity to explore evaluative methodologies and tools, especially in assessing the link between executive action and citizen outcomes.Conclusions include recommendations for collaboration between components within Parliament, internal systems and processes, including the interplay between the institution’s knowledge management system and strategic management processes, as well as the active building of an evaluative culture. It is only when evaluation becomes an integral part of how Parliament conceptualises its work that the legislature will begin to play an essential role in creating a responsive executive, thereby strengthening the national evaluation eco-system.
Cathodic Protection Simulation of Linear Anode Alongside Coated and Uncoated Pipe
Authors: Attarchi Mehdi , Ormellese Marco , Brenna Andrea
Published: February 2020

Linear anode-pipe arrangement cathodic protection system with a complete nonlinear cathode boundary condition is analyzed by finite element method numerical simulation to extract the effective parameters for both coated and uncoated pipe. The results show that defect size ratio, linear anode-to-pipe distance, and pipe diameter are fundamental parameters to design an effective cathodic protection system able to guarantee a proper current distribution. Soil resistivity has a significant effect on the current distribution of both coated and uncoated pipe. The results show that the 100 mV potential shift criterion for a single linear anode-pipe arrangement can be ineffective and a two anode system may be required.
Staff time requirements for postoperative pain management: Comparison of sufentanil sublingual tablet system and intravenous patient-controlled analgesia
Authors: Meuser, MD Thomas , Nardi-Hiebl, MSc, MBA Stefan , Eberhart, MD, MA Leopold , Paul, MD, DEAA Matthias , Böttger Robert , Reutershan, MD Jörg
Published: February 2020

Objective: Assessment and allocation of required staff time for postoperative pain management for two different patient-controlled technologies, sufentanil sublingual tablet system (SSTS) and intravenous analgesia (PCiA).Design: Activity-based evaluation.Setting: The study was conducted at four German hospitals based on the availability of the two technologies studied and their respective bed capacity broadly reflecting the German hospital landscape. Patients and participants: Staff activities were recorded for 162 SSTS and 154 PCiA procedures. Every hospital recorded around 40 procedures for each technology between December 2016 and July 2017.Interventions: Staff time was recorded if a patient received one of the two considered postoperative pain management technologies and was under treatment of a trained nurse. No further criteria were defined. Documentation of resource utilization covered all staff activities concerning the two technologies by detailed activity recording forms.Main outcome measure(s): Staff time for five identified process areas (preparation of therapy option, provisioning at patients’ bed, therapy, removal of therapy option, reprocessing, and storage) with significant impact on the entire process. Results: The average staff time required for SSTS to manage the entire process was 36 minutes whereas for PCiA it was 49 minutes (p < 0.0001). In all process areas, SSTS showed significantly less staff time requirements.Conclusions: In comparison to PCiA, SSTS requires significantly less staff time to manage postoperative pain in the studied setting.
Validation of a smartphone application for the measurement of heart rate during exercise
Authors: Vasconcelos Gustavo César , Damorim Igor Rodrigues , Santos Tony Meireles , Lima Thiago , Santos Rodolfo , Lima Adriano , Damasceno Vinicius
Published: February 2020

Purpose

To verify the validity of Instant Heart Rate® application in smartphones for the measurement of exercise heart rate.

Methods

The individuals were initially instructed about all the procedures to be performed and signed the consent form. Anthropometric measures and rest heart rate were evaluated before the experimental session of the study. The subjects participated in a self-selected exercise on a cycle ergometer for 10 minutes.

Results

The results for validity demonstrated in an iPhone/iOS® smartphone revealed the intra-class correlation coefficient of r = 0.87 with a tendency to overestimate the heart rate by 5 bpm. For the Lenovo/Android® model, the intra-class correlation coefficient was r = 0.98, underestimating the values by –0.7 bpm. Thus, both systems presented high correlation values, and the error observed did not seem to compromise the several measures that use heart rate as a parameter.

Conclusions

It is possible to conclude that heart rate monitoring by the Instant Heart Rate® application on iPhone/iOS® and Lenovo/Android® operating system smartphones can be performed safely during exercise, with the Lenovo/Android® base being even more reliable than the iPhone/iOS® system.
Comparison of blood pressure across body composition and cardiorespiratory fitness zones determined in accordance with FITNESSGRAM® criterion-referenced standards
Authors: Arruda Gustavo Aires de , Coledam Diogo Henrique Constantino , Greca João Paulo de Aguiar , Teixeira Marcio , Júnior Raymundo Pires , Oliveira Arli Ramos de
Published: February 2020

Purpose

To compare systolic and diastolic blood pressures using the FitnessGram criterion-referenced standards for body composition and cardiorespiratory fitness in Brazilian young people.

Methods

The study had a cross-sectional design. With institutional approval, a sample of 874 students aged 13–18 years enrolled in public schools in a medium size town in Southern Brazil took part in this study. Body mass index was calculated to represent the subjects’ body composition. The progressive aerobic cardiovascular endurance run (PACER) test was applied to estimate aerobic capacity. The participants were classified by using the FitnessGram criterion-referenced standards. Systolic and diastolic blood pressures were assessed with the oscillometric method.

Results

Multivariate analyses of covariance indicated that the blood pressure of boys (Wilks’ lambda = 0.97, F (6, 834) = 2.48, p < 0.05, ES = 0.02) and girls (Wilks’ lambda = 0.94, F (6, 886) = 4.89, p < 0.01, ES = 0.03) differed between fitness zones for body composition. The analyses showed that blood pressure also varied across cardiorespiratory fitness zones for girls (Wilks’ lambda = 0.98, F (4, 886) = 2.69, p < 0.05, ES = 0.01) but not for boys.

Conclusions

Reaching the health fitness zone of the criterion-referenced standards for body composition seems to be associated with lower blood pressure in boys and girls. Cardiorespiratory fitness had a similar effect solely in girls.
Radiative Heating Rate Profiles over the Southeast Atlantic Ocean during the 2016 and 2017 Biomass Burning Seasons
Authors: Collow Allison B. Marquardt , Miller Mark A. , Trabachino Lynne C. , Jensen Michael P. , Wang Meng
Published: February 2020

Abstract. Marine boundary layer clouds, including the transition from stratocumulus to cumulus, are poorly represented in numerical weather prediction and general circulation models. Further uncertainties in the cloud structure arise in the presence of biomass burning carbonaceous aerosol, as is the case over the southeast Atlantic Ocean where biomass burning aerosol is transported from the African continent. As the aerosol plume progresses across the southeast Atlantic Ocean, radiative heating within the aerosol layer has the potential to alter the thermodynamic environment and therefore the cloud structure; however, this has yet to be quantified. The deployment of the First Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Mobile Facility (AMF1) in support of the Layered Atlantic Smoke Interactions with Clouds (LASIC) field campaign provided a unique opportunity to collect observations of cloud and aerosol properties during two consecutive biomass burning seasons during July through October of 2016 and 2017 over Ascension Island (7.96 S, 14.35 W). Using observed profiles of temperature, humidity, and clouds from the LASIC field campaign, alongside aerosol optical properties from the Modern Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications, version 2 (MERRA-2) as input for the Rapid Radiation Transfer Model (RRTM), profiles of the radiative heating rate due to aerosols and clouds were computed. Radiative heating is also assessed across the southeast Atlantic Ocean using an ensemble of back trajectories from the Hybrid Single Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory Model (HYSPLIT). Idealized experiments using RRTM with and without aerosols and a range of values for the single scattering albedo demonstrate that shortwave (SW) heating within the aerosol layer above Ascension Island can locally range between 2 and 8 K per day, though impacts of the aerosol can be felt elsewhere in the atmospheric column. SW radiative heating due to biomass burning aerosol is not balanced by additional longwave cooling, and the net radiative impact results in a stabilization of the lower troposphere. However, these results are extremely sensitive to the single scatter albedo and the height of the aerosol plume with respect to the inversion layer.
Investigating stratospheric changes between 2009 and 2018 with aircraft, AirCores, and a global model focusing on CFC-11
Authors: Laube Johannes C. , Leedham Elvidge Emma C. , Adcock Karina E. , Baier Bianca , Brenninkmeijer Carl A. M. , Chen Huilin , Droste Elise S. , Grooß Jens-Uwe , Heikkinen Pauli , Hind Andrew J. , Kivi Rigel , Lojko Alexander , Montzka Stephen A. , Oram David E. , Randall Steve , Röckmann Thomas , Sturges William T. , Sweeney Colm , Thomas Max , Tuffnell Elinor , Ploeger Felix
Published: February 2020

Abstract. We present new observations of trace gases in the stratosphere based on a cost-effective sampling technique that can access much higher altitudes than aircraft. The further development of this method now provides detection of species with abundances in the parts per trillion (ppt) range and below. We obtain mixing ratios for six gases (CFC-11, CFC-12, HCFC-22, H-1211, H-1301, and SF6), all of which are important for understanding stratospheric ozone depletion and circulation. After demonstrating the quality of the data through comparisons with ground-based records and aircraft-based observations we combine them with the latter to demonstrate its potential. We first compare it with results from a global model driven by three widely used meteorological reanalyses. Secondly, we focus on CFC-11 as recent evidence has indicated renewed atmospheric emissions of that species relevant on a global scale. Because the stratosphere represents the main sink region for CFC-11, potential changes in stratospheric circulation and troposphere-stratosphere exchange fluxes have been identified as the largest source of uncertainty for the accurate quantification of such emissions. Our observations span over a decade (up until 2018) and therefore cover the period of the slowdown of CFC-11 global mixing ratio decreases measured at the Earth's surface. The spatial and temporal coverage of the observations is insufficient for a global quantitative analysis, but we do find some trends that are in contrast with expectations; indicating that the stratosphere may have contributed to the slower concentration decline in recent years. Further investigating the reanalysis-driven model data we find that the required dynamical changes in the stratosphere required to explain the apparent change in tropospheric CFC-11 emissions after 2013 are possible, but with a very high uncertainty range. This is partly caused by the high variability of mass flux from the stratosphere to the troposphere, especially at time scales of a few years, and partly by large differences between runs driven by different reanalysis products, none of which agree with our observations well enough for such a quantitative analysis.
Comment on Ideas and perspectives: is shale gas a major driver of recent increase in global atmospheric methane? by Robert W. Howarth (2019)
Authors: Lewan Michael D.
Published: February 2020

Abstract. The ideas and perspectives presented by Howarth (2019) on shale gas being a major cause of recent increases in global atmospheric methane are based on his notion that stable carbon isotopes of methane (δ13C1) of shale gas are lighter than that of conventional gas based on a meager and unrepresentative data set. A plethora of publicly available data show that the δ13C1 values of shale gas are typically heavier than those of conventional gas. This contradiction renders his ideas, perspectives, and calculations on methane emissions from shale gas invalid.
ESTIMATION OF MAIZE NITRATE CONCENTRATIONS USING EO-1 DATA AND A NON-LINEAR REGRESSION MODEL
Authors: Ngie A.
Published: February 2020

Abstract. Nitrogen compounds such as nitrates are considered the most important limiting factor for crop productivity. Monitoring the status of this element in crops has moved from destructive to non-destructive approaches. Remote sensing with ever evolving technologies has taken the lead on different crops across the world. This study assessed the potential of EO-1 data (Hyperion) to estimate nitrate concentrations in maize (Zea mays) leaves. The image was captured over the study area after the 11th week of planting. The random forest algorithm was useful for band selection to reduce data redundancy in the imagery, and regression analysis for nitrate predictions. Maize nitrate concentrations were detectable with key contributing wavebands as 752, 1043, 681, 851, 1820, 762, 862, 640, 1850, 609, 589, 569 and 650nm. From this list, a subset corresponding to previously identified bands was used to develop vegetation spectral ratios. There was improvement in accuracy of predictions from using: all selected wavebands, all developed ratios, and selected ratios as independent variables for the model with 752–681 contributing the most to an R2 = 0.90; and RMSEP = 0.15. Therefore, selected bands of Hyperion to develop ratios could be used to monitor spatial variation of nitrate concentrations in maize from canopy level.