bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Cortical Mechanism Linking Saliency Detection and Motor Reactivity in Rhesus Monkeys
Authors: Novembre Giacomo , Lacal Irene , Benusiglio Diego , Quarta Eros , Schito Andrea , Grasso Stefano , Caratelli Ludovica , Caminiti Roberto , Mayer Alexandra Battaglia , Iannetti Gian Domenico
Published: November 2023

Sudden and surprising sensory events trigger neural processes that swiftly adjust behavior. To study the phylogenesis and the mechanism of this phenomenon, we trained two male rhesus monkeys to keep a cursor inside a visual target by exerting force on an isometric joystick. We examined the effect of surprising auditory stimuli on exerted force, scalp electroencephalographic (EEG) activity, and local field potentials (LFPs) recorded from the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Auditory stimuli elicited (1) a biphasic modulation of isometric force, a transient decrease followed by a corrective tonic increase, and (2) EEG and LFP deflections dominated by two large negativepositive waves (N70 and P130). The EEG potential was symmetrical and maximal at the scalp vertex, highly reminiscent of the human vertex potential. Electrocortical potentials and force were tightly coupled: the P130 amplitude predicted the magnitude of the corrective force increase, particularly in the LFPs recorded from deep rather than superficial cortical layers. These results disclose a phylogenetically preserved corticomotor mechanism supporting adaptive behavior in response to salient sensory events.

Significance Statement
Survival in the natural world depends on an animals capacity to adapt ongoing behavior to abrupt unexpected events. To study the neural mechanisms underlying this capacity, we trained monkeys to apply constant force on a joystick while we recorded their brain activity from the scalp and the prefrontal cortex contralateral to the hand holding the joystick. Unexpected auditory stimuli elicited a biphasic force modulation: a transient reduction followed by a corrective adjustment. The same stimuli also elicited EEG and LFP responses, dominated by a biphasic wave that predicted the magnitude of the behavioral adjustment. These results disclose a phylogenetically preserved corticomotor mechanism supporting adaptive behavior in response to unexpected events.
Validation of the content of the comic strip "I have diabetes and what now?"
Authors: Araújo Solaine da Silva , Maconi Geovanna Meira , Sá Sâmia Letícia Moraes de , Ferreira Flávia Avancini , Boeckmann Lara Mabelle Milfont , Dutra Luz Marina Alfonso , Melo Manuela Costa
Published: November 2023

Objective: to analyze the evidence of content validity of the comic strip "I have diabetes, what now?" Methods: methodological research into the production of health technology in the form of a comic book to support family members and hospitalized children diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus. After developing the educational technology, the content was validated with six children and seven family members using a Likert scale, with indicators analyzed using the Content Validity Index. Results: the educational technology showed good validation indices according to the evaluation of the children (0.833) and family members (1,000). Conclusion: the children identified with the character in the story and agreed that it was a tool for understanding the disease, and family members said that it would be useful to disseminate the technology in other health services. Contributions to practice: there are situations that permeate aspects related to the care of children with diabetes, so the comic book could contribute to the quality of multi-professional care for this population affected by Diabetes Mellitus.
Up and down the Ivory Tower
Authors: Wien Charlotte
Published: November 2023

The ‘Ivory Tower’ is a metaphor often used to describe an elitist and self-sufficient research culture, which is relatively indifferent to whether research is useful for the society or whether the society is aware of such research and its results. Outside the tower, in contrast, citizen science is carried out, presentations are given at community centres, interviews are given to journalists, exhibitions held, popular science articles written, all to make research understandable and digestible outside the tower. Over the past 50 years, scientists have alternately been chased up and down from the socalled Ivory Tower.On the one hand, the current New Public Management paradigm demands measurable results from the universities, such that can easily be reported to the funders. The easiest way to meet this demand is to rely on a single-track publication strategy focused on publishing research results in international peer-reviewed journals.On the other hand, university laws, journalists, the general population, politicians, and a large group of socially committed researchers regularly argue that other activities held below the tower should also count and adorn researcher’s CV.The good news is that on 8 July 2022, an agreement has been finalised to reform current methods for assessing researchers and research quality. The initiative comes from the EU Commission, and the process has been short and effective. If the agreement is adopted, it could bring about a different, flexible, and multi-pronged publishing system that encourages researchers to publish on many alternative platforms and as such that they may inhabit and populate the area below the ivory tower and all its floors.
Using TikTok as a platform for science communication
Authors: Hoić Maja
Published: November 2023

The pandemic has changed the way we interact. The popularity of the TikTok platform, which allows creating short video content, was on the rise even before 2020 and skyrocketed during quarantine. Scientists have recognized its potential as a new means to communicate and share experience.This poster will take a look at the content posted by the most popular science communicators and at the reasons for creating content of this type.As the hashtags on the platform can be used to categorize content for algorithms and AI to understand it, we will explore science-related hashtags using information available at https://tiktokhashtags.com/ and select the most popular profiles (personal TikTok profiles of science communicators) for analysis in terms of science content, differences between video creators and presenters, and their background. The background will be analyzed from content posted on the platform (if they are openly talking about it on the platform) and comparison with content posted on other platforms. We will also look for reasons for their switching to TikTok. Our hypothesis is that shifts in social dynamics in the wake of coronavirus pandemic favoured a switch from big productions to user-friendly platforms like TikTok, and that its video-making options encourage those less experienced in video-making to create and share (science-related) content.As TikTok is an open platform with egalitarian public engagement model, it can be used to build trust in science by, say, showing the process “behind the scenes”.
Communication in the research process
Authors: Maravić Jasminka , Bilić Meštrić Klara
Published: November 2023

Introduction. During the COVID-19 pandemic, our research and development team at the Croatian Academic and Research Network (CARNET) studied the implementation of distance learning, and here we present our methodological approach which is focused on communication supported by digital technologies. Our method combines quantitative and qualitative approach, the first by means of an online questionnaire on a large sample of respondents consisting of 535 principals, 5,619 teachers and 20,717 parents (26,871 in total). The qualitative part was carried out with eleven participants: five teachers, three principals, and three pedagogues, who kept reflective diaries (logs, journals) about what they were doing and why (Turner, 2020) and participated in communities of practice (Wenger, 1998) and individual interviews. The objectives of the qualitative research were to:▸ gain insight into the practices of using technology in distance learning,▸ provide support to teachers, principals, and pedagogues to study their own practice and give recommendations for further possible distance learning.Their testimonies describe each situation without the intervention of external researchers and provide researchers with insight into the actual practices of educators – participants / researchers (Meth, 2003).
Communication as a prerequisite and result of a qualitative approach
Throughout the writing phase of the research diaries, the coordinator closely collaborated with researchers who shared their experiences via weekly online meetings, e-mail, telephone. We also held 13 focus groups with the researchers. Communication of all involved was a prerequisite but also the result of the research. Due to its importance, we determined a communication strategy and selected the most efficient communication channels in advance, so that they did not require additional mastering of communication tools for video conferencing. Likewise, the pace and time of the meeting was measured so as not to further burden the researchers, who were primarily focused on writing diaries. This qualitative research resulted in more than 220 pages of diary entries and established two communities of practitioners – one consisting of pedagogues and principals and the other of teachers, who were meeting separately every two weeks. In addition, the research included dozens of hours of individual interviews.Conclusion. Qualitative action research is based on communication between researchers, and if it is designed that way, between researchers and the research coordinator. In an online environment, communication needs to be planned and rely on the digital tool that will be used and on the dynamics of interactions.
Kriyadocs - Let’s transform publishing together!
Authors: Venkataramani Ravi
Published: November 2023

Helping publishers bring their authors’ work to life is at the heart of what we do at Kriyadocs. We do this through our offerings, which include our journal and book production platform and publishing services.As a publishing technology and service provider, our goals are to help publishers▸ streamline their production workflows,▸ publish high quality outputs,▸ reach wider audiences faster, and▸ scale their publications.Built by publishing experts in collaboration with publishers, Kriyadocs is the partner of choice for leading journal, book, and abstract publishers worldwide.We welcome you to join us in our PUBMET2022 sponsor workshop, where we will discuss the following aspects of our production platform and services:▸ Automated manuscript conversion, styling, and editing▸ XML-first workflows▸ Project management▸ Author proof reviews▸ Metadata management▸ Asset management▸ Proof and output package generation▸ Final delivery of outputs to hosting platforms and indexers▸ Publishing services, including copyediting, typesetting, indexing, data conversion, and moreWho is the workshop for?Any and all stakeholders managing or involved in the production workflows for journals and books are welcome to attend this workshop.Get in touch with us at hello@kriyadocs.com or visit www.kriyadocs.com, and let’s transform publishing together.
GitLab
Authors: Penezić Dubravko
Published: November 2023

The git project is any project (a set of information) managed in a way that preserves the entire history of changes over time, using any implementation of Git program solutions. The workshop will cover basic work procedures in the GitLab WEB interface connected to git project life cycles, from initialization to teamwork on the project. This includes project planning using issues and an issues board. Additionally, it will demonstrate how to connect your local git repository with the GitLab service and how to share it with others. The workshop will briefly address licensing issues, and we will use some creative examples to enhance the learning experience.
What platforms and editors need
Authors: Pellin Elio , Verdicchio Dirk
Published: November 2023

The CRAFT-OA project (Creating a Robust Accessible Federated Technology for Open Access) aims to improve the conditions for publishing open access (OA) diamond journals. CRAFT-OA involves a consortium of 23 partners from 14 European countries, all of whom are engaged in institutional publishing and its infrastructures, and committed to sustaining and developing capacities in the field. Over the course of 36 months, CRAFTOA will deliver technical and community tools, training events, training materials, information, and services for the Diamond OA institutional publishing environment. It will also foster communities of practice with the capacity to sustain the project improvements over time.Within the framework of the EU project CRAFT-OA, we are conducting ten semistructured interviews with institutional platform service providers and editors of scientific journals across Europe. The interviews are a supplement to the quantitative DIAMAS survey and are designed as guided interviews, so that detailed answers and clarifications are possible. The content covers topics such as hosting, submissions and reviews, production, metrics, indexing, archiving, finance, and quality management.
The non-representative interviews offer in-depth insights into the needs of editors and platform service providers. The thematic evaluation of the interview will allow us to incorporate the concrete needs and problems of the editors and platform operators into the CRAFT-OA project to improve the conditions for publishing OA diamond journals.During the PUBMET conference, we will be able to present the first results of our interviews and outline trends in the needs of publishing platforms and editors. The detailed analysis is still pending, but a first review shows that indexing, financing and the production of certain formats pose the most problems for both platform operators and publishers.
Special series on the role of the microbiome in reproduction and fertility
Authors: O’Mahony S M , Comizzoli P
Published: November 2023

Many parts of the animal and human body host groups of bacteria, viruses, and fungi that together are known as the microbiome. Microbiomes do not cause disease but are important for the healthy working of many systems in the body, including for reproduction and fertility. While the microbiome that lives in a reproductive tract play the most direct role, microbiomes from other areas of the body may also affect reproductive health. However, not much is known about how these groups of microorganisms regulate fertility as well as the health of parents and offspring and help animals to cope with environmental changes. Furthermore, compared to the large amount of research in laboratory species and humans, there is less information about domestic or wild animal species. This special series of Reproduction and Fertility on microbiomes is aimed at filling this gap with articles from experts highlighting important evidence in reproductive microbiomes, current research gaps, and new directions.
La imposibilidad de un juez. Realismo jurídico, inteligencia artificial y la búsqueda de un justo medio
Authors: Bonsignore Fouquet Dyango
Published: November 2023

Este artículo contrasta dos líneas teóricas que han tendido a tensionar la labor judicial desde puntos de vista que, tal vez, cabría considerar contrapuestos. Por un lado, se recupera la clásica crítica del “realismo jurídico” que cuestiona la capacidad del juez para decidir con arreglo a las exigencias del ordenamiento jurídico. Aquí, el problema estriba en el carácter excesivamente “humano” del juzgador. Por otro lado, se da voz a la protesta inversa, surgida del debate en torno a las posibilidades de una inteligencia artificial judicial. En este contexto, las opiniones críticas han tendido a plantear que los algoritmos carecen de ciertas cualidades (estructurales y funcionales, pero también “sociológicas”) que imposibilitan la plena sustitución del juzgador humano. La “artificialidad” de la inteligencia es ahora el problema. Se reúnen ambas perspectivas con el propósito de determinar si, entre las presiones por la “abstracción” y la “humanización”, queda espacio alguno para un juez.
The Theme of the Polish Minority in Latgalian Press (1920–1934)
Authors: Malahovskis Vladislavs
Published: November 2023

The article aims to reveal the position of the Latgalian press in the formation of the inhabitants’ public opinion of the Polish minority in Latgale (1920–1934). The basis of the research consists of around 50 articles published in the Latgalian newspapers. The research is based on the analysis of qualitative data, discourse-historical approach, using the detaching discursive construction of “we”–“they”, e.g., in the context of the article – “the Latgalians” – “the Polish”.

In the early 1920s, the newspaper articles related to the Polish, mostly to the nobility, desiring to return the old good times, when the Polish was the dominating social group in Latgale. In the following years, the Polish were largely reflected as a minority disloyal to Latgalians and hostile to the Latvian state based on this ground. In many cases, the publications about the Polish minority are contradictory; while creating a negative image of the Polish, they are also called ‘faith brothers’ and thereby – allies.
Greening the net: why is it important to global health greening the internet and its implications for human health?
Authors: Kadri Syed Manzoor , Kudhail Princie , Nazir Nighat , Esmaeili Parya
Published: November 2023

Technology advancements like the rise in internet usage have had a negative influence on the environment, which then has an impact on people. All kinds of mobile devices and online activities increase pollution that some people are unaware of. Greenhouse gases are being emitted into the atmosphere that calls for the attention of the population at a large scale. Carbon neutrality and ways to minimize carbon emissions are explored together with countries who are working towards making the nation greener.
Risk of Developmental Disorders in Children Born at 32 to 38 Weeks’ Gestation: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Pettinger Katherine J. , Copper Clare , Boyle Elaine , Blower Sarah , Hewitt Catherine , Fraser Lorna
Published: November 2023

CONTEXT

Very preterm birth (<32 weeks) is associated with increased risk of developmental disorders. Emerging evidence suggests children born 32 to 38 weeks might also be at risk.

OBJECTIVES

To determine the relative risk and prevalence of being diagnosed with, or screening positive for, developmental disorders in children born moderately preterm, late preterm, and early term compared with term (≥37 weeks) or full term (39–40/41 weeks).

DATA SOURCES

Medline, Embase, Psychinfo, Cumulative Index of Nursing, and Allied Health Literature.

STUDY SELECTION

Reported ≥1 developmental disorder, provided estimates for children born 32 to 38 weeks.

DATA EXTRACTION

A single reviewer extracted data; a 20% sample was second checked. Data were pooled using random-effects meta-analyses.

RESULTS

Seventy six studies were included. Compared with term born children, there was increased risk of most developmental disorders, particularly in the moderately preterm group, but also in late preterm and early term groups: the relative risk of cerebral palsy was, for 32 to 33 weeks: 14.1 (95% confidence intervals [CI]: 12.3–16.0), 34 to 36 weeks: 3.52 (95% CI: 3.16–3.92) and 37 to 38 weeks: 1.44 (95% CI: 1.32–1.58).

LIMITATIONS

Studies assessed children at different ages using varied criteria. The majority were from economically developed countries. All were published in English. Data were variably sparse; subgroup comparisons were sometimes based on single studies.

CONCLUSIONS

Children born moderately preterm are at increased risk of being diagnosed with or screening positive for developmental disorders compared with term born children. This association is also demonstrated in late preterm and early term groups but effect sizes are smaller.
In vitro characterization of a Bacillus velezensis isolate as an antagonist of grapevine trunk disease pathogens
Authors: Szabó Dóra , Molnár Nikolett , Geiger Adrienn , Karácsony Zoltán , Váczy Kálmán Zoltán
Published: November 2023

One of the major and yet unsolved threats for viticulture is the group of vascular fungal infections, the so-called grapevine trunk diseases. Besides their latent nature and the enormous number of associated pathogens, their control is also hampered by the lack of effective fungicides, directing growing attention toward the use of biocontrol agents. In the present study the isolation, identification, and characterization of a bacterial strain are presented, showing biocontrol potential against some main causal agents of grapevine trunk diseases. The strain was isolated from the wood of an asymptomatic grapevine and selected for the fungicidal activity against the pathogen Phaeomoniella chlamydospora. According to 16S rDNA, gyrA, and gyrB sequences, the isolate belongs to Bacillus velezensis species. Confrontation tests with the bacterium or with its fermentation broth further revealed growth inhibition and fungicide activity against Botryosphaeria dothidea, Eutypa lata and Diaporthe ampelina pathogens. Fractionation of the bacterial culture filtrate suggests that the antifungal agents secreted by the B. velezenzis isolate are mainly lipoproteins. Phytotoxicity tests were also carried out with the isolate, showing no harmful effects on grapevine foliar disks.
Optimisation of ultrasonic-assisted hot-water extraction conditions of soluble dietary fibre from Lentinula edodes and analysis of its hypolipidaemic and anti-inflammatory properties in STZ-induced diabetic mice
Authors: Ni Z.Z. , Li J.T. , Qian X.Y. , Yong Y.D. , Lv W.D. , Wang Y.N. , Zhang S.M. , Sun H.K. , Peng G. , Shao Y. , Chen A.H.
Published: November 2023

Soluble dietary fibre (SDF) is well recognised for its remarkable effectiveness in promoting human health. This study utilised response surface methodology to evaluate the optimal conditions required to extract SDF (U-SDF) from Lentinula edodes via the ultrasonic-assisted hot-water method, and evaluated the hypolipidemic effects and anti-inflammatory effects of U-SDF. The optimal extraction conditions for U-SDF were ultrasonic power of 182 W, extraction time of 2 h, extraction temperature of 81 °C, and solid-liquid ratio of 1:24 (g mL−1). Under these conditions, the extraction rate of U-SDF reached 8.08%. U-SDF treatment significantly improved liver and kidney indices in diabetic mice, markedly reduced the levels of plasma triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), and significantly increased the level of high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) in a dose-dependent manner. U-SDF also improved adipose tissue injury in diabetic mice, significantly decreased the levels of cytokines interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and alleviated inflammation of the abdominal aorta. In conclusion, U-SDF from L. edodes is an excellent source of dietary fibres, which exhibit good hypolipidemic and anti-inflammatory activities, suggesting potential applications as a functional additive in diverse food products.
Identifying regularities of the structure and properties of 13ХFА pipe steel smelted on different charges in electric arc furnace
Authors: Mammadov Arif , Babaev Agil , Ismailov Nizami , Huseinov Mukhtar , Guliyev Faiq
Published: November 2023

The problem of increasing the efficiency of 13ХFА pipe steel for oil and gas wells by using selective selection of charges for smelting them in an electric arc furnace is considered. 4 batches of different chemical heterogeneity were studied. It was found that melt 1 from a purer charge 1 contains a smaller amount of harmful impurities in the form of surface-active substances (surfactants), which affect grain growth when samples are heated for quenching. Thus, melts 1 and 2, containing a smaller amount of surfactants in the charge, have a greater tendency to austenite grain growth and lower hardenability compared to melts 3 and 4, the charge of which is relatively heavily contaminated with surfactants. This is due to the low relatively free energy of melts 3 and 4. The study showed that at a relatively low tempering temperature (300 °С) there was an insignificant change in the mechanical properties of the samples (Rm, KC, etc.). Hydrogenation of steels significantly reduces the strength of steels from all melts, however, an increase in tempering time leads to an increase in long-term strength. In this case, the maximum impact strength (KC) of all melts is observed after normalization, but samples from melt 1 have a higher IC. When the samples were held (570 °С), the near-boundary layers of steel grains were enriched with P, Sb, Sn, As, leading to embrittlement and weakening of intergrain cohesion and a decrease in the energy of boundaries. In the process of testing at –80 °С, cracks along the grain boundaries are visible on the fractures of the samples after brittle tempering. By increasing the purity of metal waste for smelting pipe steel, it is possible to improve the complex of its properties, and hence the durability of seamless pipes for the oil and gas industry produced from it.
Development of a solution search method using an improved locust swarm algorithm
Authors: Tyurin Vitalii , Bieliakov Robert , Odarushchenko Elena , Yashchenok Volodymyr , Shaposhnikova Olena , Lyashenko Anna , Stanovskyi Oleksandr , Melnyk Borys , Sus Sviatoslav , Dvorskyi Mykola
Published: November 2023

The object of the research is decision support systems. The subject of the research is the decision-making process in management problems using the locust swarm algorithm and evolving artificial neural networks.
A solution search method using an improved locust swarm algorithm is proposed. The research is based on the locust swarm algorithm for finding a solution regarding the state of an object. For training locust agents (LA), evolving artificial neural networks are used. The method has the following sequence of steps:
– input of initial data;
– processing of initial data taking into account the degree of uncertainty;
– initial setting of LA in the search area;
– determination of the initial speed of the LA movement;
– a search vector is generated taking into account the degree of uncertainty;
– calculation of the change in the value of the LA fitness function;
– training of LA knowledge bases.
The originality of the proposed method lies in the arrangement of LA taking into account the uncertainty of the initial data, improved procedures of global and local search taking into account the degree of noise of data about the state of the analysis object. Also, the originality of the research is avoiding the concentration of LA on the current best positions, reducing the probability of premature convergence of the algorithm and maintaining a balance between the convergence rate of the algorithm and diversification. The peculiarity of the proposed method is the use of an improved procedure for LA training. The training procedure consists in learning the parameters and architecture of individual elements and the architecture of the artificial neural network as a whole
Devising of a method for improving anode capacity for an all-iron flow battery
Authors: Bondar Andrii , Linyucheva Olga , Byk Mykhaylo
Published: November 2023

A comprehensive study of the impact of electrode design and iron deposition mechanism on the enhancement of the capacity of an all-iron redox flow battery (AIFB) has been conducted. The research is focused on revealing the complex interaction between electrode architecture, iron deposition behaviour, and battery capacity.
Using a developed experimental setup, five different electrode designs are investigated. These designs include variations in the arrangement of carbon felt (CF) and non-woven fabric (NWF) layers and critical factors affecting iron deposition. Battery charge and discharge experiments were carried out under controlled conditions, simulating practical operating regimes with a current density of 50 mA/cm² and a compression ratio of 80%.
The results demonstrate the influence of electrode design on iron deposition and, consequently, on battery capacity. The electrode configuration with two layers of CF and two layers of NWF exhibits a specific capacity exceeding 700 mA·h/cm².
Analysis using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) complements the capacity determination results by providing valuable information about the spatial distribution of iron on the electrode surfaces. Furthermore, quantitative analysis using ZAF correction reveals uniform models of iron deposition on the surface of electrode E, indicating its potential for optimizing AIFB performance.
This study provides a comprehensive understanding of the relationship between electrode design, iron deposition behaviour, and AIFB capacity. The results offer insights for improving electrode configurations, ultimately contributing to the development of efficient energy storage solutions
Optimizing the technological modes of lamination of digital prints
Authors: Havenko Svitlana , Dovhanych Anna
Published: November 2023

The intensive use of lamination technology for the decoration of printing prints made by various printing techniques, as well as a wide range of films, require solving an urgent problem – optimization of influencing factors to ensure the quality of laminated products. The objects of research were prints of inkjet and laser printing on paper, photo paper, and cardboard. A glossy film based on bio-oriented polypropylene BOPP was used for lamination. Studies of densitometric indicators of prints after lamination confirmed an increase in optical density by 0.28 units. This is especially true for inkjet prints. However, after lamination, all digital prints showed a tendency to improve colorimetric characteristics, namely an increase in the brightness of CMYK colors.
The relationship between the technological regimes of lamination (speed and temperature) and the strength of the laminates, estimated by breaking and pressing forces, was established. To describe the dependence of the laminate strength on the temperature and speed of lamination, polynomial models were built that reproduce the values of the breaking and pushing forces of the laminate with satisfactory accuracy. The selected algorithm for calculating the parameter values of these models is based on the application of the Chebyshev approximation of the functions of many variables. The optimization models built will allow, if necessary, for making corrections in the technological process of laminating printing prints to ensure the predicted required quality and strength of laminates.
Improving the accuracy of identifying objects in digital frames using a procedure of full identification of measurements
Authors: Khlamov Sergii , Savanevych Vadym , Vlasenko Vladimir , Trunova Tetiana , Troianskyi Volodymyr , Gerasimenko Roman , Shvedun Viktoriia
Published: November 2023

The variability of shooting conditions affects the quality of images of Solar System objects in a series of frames. Identification of a frame with the corresponding part of the sky becomes difficult if the quality is poor. Because of this fact, the detection quality indicators and estimation of the position of Solar System objects are significantly reduced when using already known methods and international astronomical catalogs. To solve this problem, the procedure of full identification of measurements of objects on digital frames was devised.
This procedure is based on the formation of triplets (triangles) of primary identification from the side of the digital frame and the astronomical catalog. Positional coordinates on the frame and ideal tangential coordinates from the catalog were used. Owing to this, a comparison of the primary identification triplets was carried out by comparing the calculated angles of the triangle vertices. The identity of the hypothesis was determined by comparison with the acceptable deviation.
The use of the developed full identification procedure makes it possible to reduce the number of false detections and improve identification with reference astronomical objects. The study showed that when identifying frames, astrometry has better accuracy of reference to the starry sky. In addition, the standard deviation of frame identification errors in this case is 6–9 times less than without using the devised procedure.
The procedure developed for complete identification was practically tested within the framework of the CoLiTec project. It was implemented in the Lemur software for automated detection of new and tracking of known objects. Owing to the use of Lemur software and the proposed computational procedure implemented in it, more than 700,000 measurements of various astronomical objects under study were successfully identified.
Comparison evaluation of unet-based models with noise augmentation for breast cancer segmentation on ultrasound image
Authors: Mukasheva Assel , Koishiyeva Dina , Suimenbayeva Zhanna , Rakhmetulayeva Sabina , Bolshibayeva Aigerim , Sadikova Gulnar
Published: November 2023

This paper investigates the application of convolutional neural networks (CNNs), particularly the UNet model architecture, to improve the accuracy of breast cancer tumor segmentation in ultrasound images. Accurate identification of breast cancer is essential for effective patient treatment. However, ultrasound images, often contain noise and artifacts, which can complicate the task of tumor segmentation. Therefore, to highlight the most robust architecture, modifications were made to the original set, including the addition of noise and fuzziness. In this study, a comparative study of five different variants of UNet models (UNet, Attention UNet, UNet++, Dense Inception UNet and Residual UNet) was conducted on a diverse set of ultrasound images with different breast tumors. Using consistent training methods and techniques of augmentation and adding noise to the data, an improvement in segmentation accuracy was highlighted when using the Dense Inception UNet architecture. The results have potential practical applications in the field of medical diagnosis and can assist medical professionals in automatic tumor segmentation in breast cancer ultrasound images. This study highlights the improvement of segmentation accuracy by introducing dense induction into the UNet architecture. Importantly, the Dice coefficient, a key segmentation metric, improved markedly, increasing from 0.973 to 0.976 after data augmentation. The results of the study offer promise to the medical community by offering a more accurate and reliable approach to segmenting breast cancer lesions on ultrasound images. The findings can be implemented in clinical practice to assist radiologists in early cancer diagnosis.
Identifying the influence of the distance factor on the level of transaction costs at agricultural processing enterprises
Authors: Ibrahimov Fuad , Rzayeva Ulviyya , Balayev Rasul
Published: November 2023

The object of this study is the transaction costs of agricultural processing enterprises that operate in cooperation with various participants: suppliers of raw materials, buyers of finished products, research enterprises, and other entities. Transaction costs arise at all stages of activity, from the preparation of an agro-processing project to the achievement of the final result.
For this, a simulation modeling system is proposed, including an optimization model that allows estimating the quantitative components of transaction costs. The process of transactions between various participants such as suppliers, customers, and partners is studied using simulation models. To demonstrate the applicability of this model to the example of agro-industrial enterprises, some parameters of transaction costs are modeled when choosing suppliers of raw materials at recommended intervals.
The feasibility of simulating the costs of establishing a relationship with a new partner in the range of 0.5–0.6, and the benefits in the range of 1.05–1.10 has been determined. It has been found that transaction costs associated with raw material suppliers can be saved by 40.0 % in the next 3 years through optimization and digital capabilities.
The presented approach can be useful for a deeper study of the digital environment’s impact on the level of transaction costs in agricultural processing enterprises. Such an analysis will reveal potential opportunities for optimization and cost reduction, which is important for improving the efficiency and competitiveness of these enterprises
Improving the scientific and methodological apparatus for determining the optimum strategy when selecting a grouping element for performing the task
Authors: Maistrenko Oleksandr , Khoma Vitalii , Kurban Volodymyr , Savelіev Andrii , Shcherba Andrii , Karavanov Oleksandr , Sivak Oleksandr , Kaliaiev Oleksii , Isenko Vitaly , Kosovtsov Yurii
Published: November 2023

The object of this study is the process of determining the optimal strategy for choosing a certain element of the grouping to perform a certain task.
The problem solved was the contradiction between the need to take into account various types of adverse conditions when determining the optimal strategy for assigning a certain type of forces and means for a certain task to the existing approach to maximizing the result.
The improved scientific and methodical apparatus includes optimal selection criteria and an improved procedure for optimal selection of a certain grouping element.
Existing approaches to the selection of optimal strategies for assigning forces and means to perform tasks were analyzed, in particular the criteria of Wald, Hurwitz, and Savage.
The peculiarity of this analysis is the examination of the criteria in view of the types of adverse conditions they take into account. The application of these criteria will make it possible to take into account the conditions of uncertainty of the input data and minimize the influence of adverse conditions during distribution.
The field of practical use of the analysis results is management processes during preparation for the operation.
A procedure of optimal selection of a certain element of the grouping for the performance of a certain task has been improved by using several criteria for choosing the optimal strategy and harmonizing the results of this selection in accordance with the conditions. The proposed procedure guarantees the performance of tasks, and the increase in the value of the objective function can reach 40 %.
A feature of the proposed procedure is that the result of choosing the optimal strategy is determined according to the conditions of a certain operation and takes into account various types of adverse conditions. This makes it possible to take into account the factors that significantly affect the uncertainty and minimize the expenditure of resources when performing a certain set of combat tasks.
The scope of practical use of the methodology is the process of planning and allocation of forces and means among tasks in the operation.
Improving the efficiency of diagnosing errors in computer devices for processing economic data functioning in the class of residuals
Authors: Onyshchenko Svitlana , Yanko Alina , Hlushko Alina
Published: November 2023

This paper proposes an improved method for diagnosing errors of computer devices, which process economic data in computer systems, by increasing efficiency. The object of research is the processes of control and diagnosis of data errors, in the class of residuals (CR). The improved method of diagnosing economic data represented in the non-positional system of calculation in CR is based on the application of orthogonal bases of partial sets of bases. The use of these bases makes it possible to organize the process of parallel processing of the projections of the output number of the non-positional code structure. This makes it possible to increase the efficiency of data diagnostics by n times, depending on the length of the bit grid of computer systems. For a single-byte computer system, the efficiency of data diagnosis increases by 1.2 times compared to the existing method based on the zeroing principle. At the same time, the effectiveness of operational control and diagnostics systems for data processing in CR with the growth of bit grids has been proven.
Based on the results, it is shown that, unlike the correction codes used in the positional counting system, the arithmetic codes in CR have additional correction capabilities. An example of a specific implementation of the process of applying operational control and diagnosing errors in the processing of economic data presented in CR is given. The improved diagnostic method will make it possible (in comparison with existing diagnostic methods) to reduce the time, which increases the efficiency of the diagnostic procedure of data operating in CR. The results give grounds for asserting that, based on the improved method and the developed algorithm for the implementation of data diagnostics, it is possible to synthesize a device for reliable and operational control and diagnostics of economic data operating in CR
Optimization of the method of hydrothermal treatment of mogar grain for production of food concentrate "Talkan"
Authors: Kuzembayeva Gaukhar , Kuzembayev Kanash , Tlevlessova Dinara
Published: November 2023

The possibility of using mogar grain for the production of food concentrates based on the traditional national dish "Talkan" is considered. "Talkan" is a national food concentrate for Republic of Kazakhstan, which has been used as a staple food in long-distance trekking by various cultures for centuries. Traditionally, talkan is prepared from various cereals, particularly millet, wheat and barley. When boiling water and oil are added, it turns into a hearty porridge, and when oil and sugar are added, it becomes a delicious dessert.
The difficulty lies in the careful handling and preparation of the mogar grain. During intensive cooking, the grain can easily overcook, resulting in all the valuable nutrients being leached into the broth. In addition, improperly prepared mogar can burn during further roasting. To determine the optimal parameters of mogar hydrothermal treatment and to create a high-quality food concentrate based on the national dish "Talkan", a complex experiment was conducted using modern methods of experiment planning.
A number of variables were tested during the experiment, including temperature limits and duration of cooking, as well as temperature, duration and intensity of stirring during drying and roasting of mogar. The study showed that the most favourable conditions for mogar grain involve cooking at an initial temperature of between 15–20 °C for about 60 minutes, gradually reaching 100 °C. The drying and roasting processes are best carried out for 25 minutes, with a layer thickness of 25 mm and a surface temperature of 250 °C.
The determined of hydrothermal treatment serve as a basis for the design of specialised equipment for preparation of mogar grain for the purpose of making Talkan
Determination of heat transfer process in vertical cable tunnels of nuclear power plants under real fire conditions
Authors: Troshkin Serhii , Kulitsa Oleh , Pozdieiev Serhii , Kostenko Tetiana , Zemlianskyi Oleh , Zaika Nataliia
Published: November 2023

The object of the study was heat and mass transfer processes occurring in vertical cable tunnels. The problem to be solved was the definition of process mechanisms in the inner space of the tunnel. For this, field tests were conducted, mathematical models were created, and computational experiments were conducted to establish specific parameters that affect the temperature regime of a fire in a vertical cable tunnel of a nuclear power plant. The dynamics of temperature changes with known geometric parameters and fire load were determined, and the adequacy of mathematical models built in the Fire Dynamics Simulator software was investigated and computational experiments were carried out. It has been proven that they consist in determining the temperature regime in a vertical cable tunnel of a nuclear power plant with known technical and geometric parameters. Such studies have practical applications in the field of safety of nuclear power plants and the development of new technologies in this field. An important conclusion of these studies is the possibility of determining the fire resistance of building structures of vertical cable tunnels of nuclear power plants with the selection of the most severe temperature regime, according to the conducted field test. This means that research results can be used in practice in designing and evaluating the safety of such objects.
The conducted research established that the temperature in the inner space of the tunnel can reach values from 1200 to 1400 ℃. The following factors influence the maximum temperature value and the maximum time to reach the maximum temperature in the fire cell: fire load, height and area of the tunnel. With a lower fire load, the maximum temperature in the vertical cable tunnel of the nuclear power plant was 75 % lower. Therefore, the results of these studies have a direct practical application in the field of safety of nuclear power plants and can be used to improve and develop new technologies in this field
Mathematical model of a railroad grain cargo ridesharing service in the form of coalitions in congestion games
Authors: Kravchenko Mykhailo , Prokhorchenko Andrii , Zolotarov Serhii
Published: November 2023

The object of this study is the processes of transportation of grain cargoes based on the principles of ridesharing in railroad systems without observing the traffic schedule for freight trains. In order to study the influence of the model of railroad transportation of grain based on the principles of joint use on the operation of the railroad system, it is proposed to formalize this process under the conditions of the peak load period. It is proposed to formalize the transportation of grain using the ride-sharing service in the form of coalitions in congestion games. It is proposed to turn the game setup into a nonlinear optimization problem.
As part of the research, mathematical modeling of the ride-sharing service of railroad transportation of grain cargoes was carried out. Adequacy of the mathematical model was proven. It was established that compliance with the traffic schedule leads to an increase in non-productive downtime of railroad cars after loading, which reduces incentives for the formation of coalitions by shippers. However, according to the results of the simulation, under the conditions of traffic according to the schedule, taking into account the coordination of the shippers and carrier, the transportation indicators are significantly improved. This encourages shippers to form coalitions. It was found that the average duration of shipment transportation decreased by 14.9 % from the indicator according to the scenario of the current transportation model – without observing the schedule.
A feature of the results within the framework of the study is that the proposed mathematical model makes it possible to adequately simulate the ride-sharing service of grain transportation in the railroad system.
The field of practical application of the results is the railroad industry. The conditions for the practical application of the research results are the importance of implementing digital platforms of aggregators for the coordination of shippers and carriers.
Current research will contribute to devising the improvements for grain logistics in railroad transport.