bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ArchaEpigraph : l’«épigraphie spatiale» au service de l’étude des dynamiques des territoires
Authors: Ouriachi Marie-Jeanne , Favory François , Garmy Pierre , Ouzoulias Pierre , Pasqualini Antoine , Christol Michel , Huet Thomas , Nuninger Laure , Bertoncello Frédérique , Häussler Ralph
Published: March 2018

Cet article présente un programme de recherche en cours, portant sur la spatialisation des documents épigraphiques et des informations dont ils sont porteurs. Outre le rappel des prémices de l’ «épigraphie spatiale » , ce texte explicite les enjeux de cette recherche et évoque le travail conduit depuis plus de trois ans par les chercheurs engagés dans ce programme, qu’ils soient historiens, épigraphistes ou archéologues, qu’ils soient spécialistes ou non des problématiques spatiales. Il présente notamment une base de données épigraphiques, mise au point dans le cadre du programme, pour permettre un traitement statistique et spatial des différentes données (anthroponymie, statut civique, relations sociales, pratiques religieuses, métier etc.) fournies par le monument épigraphique. L’objectif est de faire progresser notre connaissance des dynamiques qui affectent le territoire des cités pendant l’Antiquité.
Le domaine de La Grassie (Aix-en-Provence, Bouches-du-Rhône) : un site rural durant le haut Empire
Authors: Aujaleu Ariane , Lacombe Aline , Bonnet Stéphane , Cenzon-Salvayre Carine , Le Brazidec-Berdeaux Marie-Laure , Françoise Joël , Magnin Frédéric
Published: March 2018

Implanté sur les bords de l’Arc, le domaine de la Grassie a fait l’objet d’une fouille archéologique préventive en 2010. Cette opération a mis en évidence une série de quatre occupations antiques entre les Ier et IIIe s. ap. J.-C. dont la succession a accompagné des modifications environnementales importantes, liées aux variations du cours du fleuve. L’objet de cette étude est de présenter ces différentes occupations, en s’attachant plus particulièrement à celle du IIe s. Cette dernière est attestée par un ensemble de quatre édifices aux dimensions relativement modestes, tous alignés sur un même axe, et que nous proposons d’interpréter comme un lieu de culte.
Bois-Redon (Beaulieu, Ardèche) : une aire funéraire rurale de la fin de l’Antiquité
Authors: Milanini Jean-Louis , Clément Nicolas
Published: March 2018

The site of Bois-Redon is a very damaged funeral area ; its excavation has allowed to identify thirteen graves which belong to at least three types : perishable trunks, stone and wood trunks, full stone trunks. The burials are divided in two opposing sectors located on both sides of a current agricultural path : the first one, or South sector, shows burials with North-East/ South-West orientation ; the other one, or North sector, is characterized by burials with West/ East orientation. The funeral hoards are not very abundant. They allow to date the site between the middle of the fourth century AD and the middle of the fifth century AD. They become more scarce in the most recent phase. If the burials are mostly individuals deposits, a double burial and a grave with successive burials (MNI = 4) have been observed. The paleodemographic study of the burial unit has showed a gap of immature subjects (seventeen adults and six children).
Un atelier de potiers du Ier s. ap. J.‑C. dans le quartier antique de Villa Roma à Nîmes (Gard).
Authors: Barberan Sébastien , Malignas Adrien , Monteil Martial , Gehres Benjamin , Querré Guirec
Published: March 2018

The ancient area of Villa Roma, in Nîmes (Gard), widely excavated in 1991-1992, revealed several domus and an original place where several pottery kilns succeed one another or coexist all along the 1st c. AD. However, one cluster of three kilns, in use during the years 20 to 40 AD, can be connected to a ceramic production, where we could distinguish two different fabrics whose dominant feature is limestone, and 20 vessels types. Most of them can be found in a domestic context, but a few have some features, supported by several comparisons, that engage to link them with an utilization in cult context. An overview of the global evolution of the urban area, with chronological arguments, allows us an estimation of its uniqueness – here, the residential function seems almost absent – then follows a precise description of the workshop and the vessels it produced. This example finally allows us an assessment of our knowledge on pottery craft at the scale of the town of Nemausus, the Arecomici civitas-capital.
Note complémentaire sur l’enceinte du castrum des Arènes de Nîmes
Authors: Pellé Richard
Published: March 2018

In Nîmes, repair work done for an apartment located on 33 rue de l’Aspic in 2009 had led to the discovery of an unknown segment of the wall of amphitheater’s castrum dating back Late Roman Empire or Early Middle Ages. This large wall, revealed in 1976 during construction of the Law Courts, was then seen on 46 m length in the area of the project and also observed elevation inside two courtyards of Valfons’ hotel. A new intervention in 2014 above the wall studied in 2009 continues to enrich the folder of that particular rampart. This note shows that the amount of reused blocks needed to be much more important than the assumptions made in 2009 by the same author and he offers to see an exceptionally large monument, perhaps a stadium or a circus located outside the walls, which would have served as quarry in the construction of castrum.

❚ ❚ Keywords : Late Roman Empire, Early Middle Ages, rampart, massive masonry,
Les ouvrages hydrauliques souterrains de « Mazeran » et du « Garissou » (Béziers, 34) : des qanàts romains en Gaule Narbonnaise
Authors: Haurillon Roland , Bruxelles Laurent , Court-Picon Mona , Figueiral Isabelle , Forest Vianney , Ginouvez Olivier , Pallier Céline , Pons-Branchu Edwige , Rascalou Pierre , Tardy Christophe
Published: March 2018

In 2009, the excavation of a Roman shaft in the northeast of the town of Béziers (34) resulted in an underground tunnel dug in the Miocene molasses. The whole reception a perched water table and harvested percolation fine droplets contained in the sandstone aquifer. In 2011, two new Roman shafts were excavated a few hundred meters further north. Again, the archaeological work shows a similar pattern of operation. Already observed in the last century in some archaeological publications Biterroises this operating technique of groundwater wells gallery knows many similarities with the structures identified in Roman pole and larger scale throughout the Mediterranean. These millennia-hydraulic systems are grouped under the generic term «qanat » .
Une intaille inscrite découverte sur le territoire de la cité de Béziers (34). Enquête iconographique et épigraphique
Authors: Raux Stéphanie , Pomarèdes Hervé
Published: March 2018

L’intaille en nicolo historiée et inscrite, découverte dans un des puits de la villa gallo-romaine de Sauvian «La Lesse » dans l’Hérault, constitue un document archéologique suffisamment rare régionalement pour susciter une enquête iconographique et épigraphique. Cet article propose, après une description détaillée de l’intaille, des comparaisons avec d’autres pierres gravées de même type, des pistes d’interprétation de la scène mythologique et des lettres gravées, et une mise en perspective de la présence de cette intaille sur un établissement rural fondé en lien avec la colonie de Béziers.
L’enclos funéraire de Torre di Cimella à Cimiez (Nice). La céramique et le verre
Authors: Pellegrino Emmanuel , Foy Danièle
Published: March 2018

Les fouilles de l’enclos funéraire de Torre di Cimella au sud de Cimiez, conduites en 1966 par D. Mouchot, ont révélé 21 tombes. On examine ici l’ensemble du mobilier funéraire pour reconstituer chacune de ces sépultures, pratiquement toutes des incinérations, et proposer une datation. L’étude des céramiques et les verres de ces tombes, datées principalement du IIe s. ap. J. ‑C., révèle un mobilier en grande partie régional, mais il s’y trouve aussi quelques objets importés qui n’ont aucun parallèle en Gaule Narbonnaise.
Inscriptions latines nouvelles ou révisées de Vaison-la-Romaine et de ses environs.
Authors: Rémy Bernard , Mathieu Nicolas , Faure Patrice , Meffre Joël-Claude , Rossignol Benoît
Published: March 2018

Our field operations within the framework of the vol. VII, 2 of the Inscriptions Latines de Narbonnaise, Voconces de Vaison, in progress, made it possible to discover or re-examine six inscriptions from Vaison-la-Romaine and its surroundings – and to photograph them ; five of these had not been recorded in the Carte archéologique de la Gaule, 84/ 1 : a votive dedication to Apollo – the epitaph ( ?) of an anonymous man/ woman – a votive dedication to Albarinus – the epitaph of Caius Annius Atilianus – the epitaph of [---] rmius Iulianus – a fragmentary dedication to Iuppiter Optimus Maximus.
Hard X-Ray View of HCG 16 (Arp 318)
Authors: Oda Saeko , Ueda Yoshihiro , Tanimoto Atsushi , Ricci Claudio
Published: March 2018

We report the hard X-ray (3–50 keV) view of the compact group HCG 16 (Arp 318) observed with the Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array (NuSTAR). NGC 838 and NGC 839 are undetected at energies above 8 keV, showing no evidence of heavily obscured active galactic nuclei (AGNs). This confirms that these are starburst-dominant galaxies as previously suggested. We perform a comprehensive broadband (0.3–50 keV) X-ray spectral analysis of the interacting galaxies NGC 833 and NGC 835, using data of NuSTAR, Chandra, and XMM-Newton observed on multiple epochs from 2000 to 2015. NuSTAR detects the transmitted continua of low-luminosity active galactic nuclei (LLAGNs) in NGC 833 and NGC 835 with line-of-sight column densities of ≈3 × 1023 cm−2 and intrinsic 2–10 keV luminosities of ≈3 × 1041 erg s−1. The iron-Kα to hard X-ray luminosity ratios of NGC 833 and NGC 835 suggest that their tori are moderately developed, which may have been triggered by the galaxy interactions. We find that NGC 835 underwent long-term variability in both intrinsic luminosity (by a factor of 5) and absorption (by ΔN
H ≈ 2 × 1023 cm−2). We discuss the relation between the X-ray and total infrared luminosities in local LLAGNs hosted by spiral galaxies. The large diversity in their ratios is consistent with the general idea that the mass accretion process in the nucleus and the star-forming activity in the disk are not strongly coupled, regardless of the galaxy environment.
Plasma Evolution within an Erupting Coronal Cavity
Authors: Long David M. , Harra Louise K. , Matthews Sarah A. , Warren Harry P. , Lee Kyoung-Sun , Doschek George A. , Hara Hirohisa , Jenkins Jack M.
Published: March 2018

Coronal cavities have previously been observed to be associated with long-lived quiescent filaments and are thought to correspond to the associated magnetic flux rope. Although the standard flare model predicts a coronal cavity corresponding to the erupting flux rope, these have only been observed using broadband imaging data, restricting an analysis to the plane-of-sky. We present a unique set of spectroscopic observations of an active region filament seen erupting at the solar limb in the extreme ultraviolet. The cavity erupted and expanded rapidly, with the change in rise phase contemporaneous with an increase in nonthermal electron energy flux of the associated flare. Hot and cool filamentary material was observed to rise with the erupting flux rope, disappearing suddenly as the cavity appeared. Although strongly blueshifted plasma continued to be observed flowing from the apex of the erupting flux rope, this outflow soon ceased. These results indicate that the sudden injection of energy from the flare beneath forced the rapid eruption and expansion of the flux rope, driving strong plasma flows, which resulted in the eruption of an under-dense filamentary flux rope.
North–South Asymmetry of the Rotation of the Solar Magnetic Field
Authors: Xie Jinglan , Shi Xiangjun , Qu Zhining
Published: March 2018

Using the rotation rates of the solar magnetic field during solar cycles 21 to 23 obtained by Chu et al. by analyzing the synoptic magnetic maps produced by the NSO/Kitt Peak and SOHO/MDI during the years 1975 to 2008, the temporal variation of the equatorial rotation rate (A) and the latitude gradient of rotation (B) in the northern and southern hemispheres are studied separately. The results indicate that the rotation is more differential (about 4.3%) in the southern hemisphere in the considered time frame. It is found that the north–south asymmetry of A and the asymmetry of B show increasing trends in the considered time frame, while the north–south asymmetry of the solar activity shows a decreasing trend. There exists a significant negative correlation (at 95% confidence level) between the asymmetry of B and the asymmetry of the solar activity, and this may be due to stronger magnetic activity in a certain hemisphere that may suppress the differential rotation to some extent. The periodicities in the variation of A and B are also studied, and periods of about 5.0 and 10.5 yr (5.5 and 10.4 yr) can be found for the variation of the northern (southern) hemisphere B. Moreover, the north–south asymmetry of A and the asymmetry of B have similar periods of about 2.6–2.7 and 5.2–5.3 yr. Further, cross-correlation analysis indicates that there exists a phase difference (about eight months) between the northern and southern hemisphere B, and this means that the northern hemisphere B generally leads by about eight months.
Temperature and circadian effects on metabolic rate of South American echimyid rodents, Trinomys setosus and Clyomys bishopi (Rodentia: Echimyidae)
Authors: Fabio-Braga Ana Paula , Klein Wilfried
Published: March 2018

Basal metabolic rate (BMR) represents the lowest level of metabolic activity capable to sustain homeostasis in an endotherm and is an important tool to compare metabolic rates of different species. Echimyidae is the most specious family within caviomorph rodents, however, little is known about the biology of its species, such as Trinomys setosus (Desmarest, 1817) and Clyomys bishopi (Ávila-Pires & Wutke, 1981), a ground and an underground dwelling echimyid, respectively. The ambient temperature and circadian effects on metabolic rate were evaluated through closed-system respirometry for these two species, as well as the circadian effects on CO2 production and respiratory exchange ratio (RER). Trinomys setosus and C. bishopi showed the lowest metabolic rates (0.56 ± 0.02 mLO2.h-1.g-1 and 0.53 ± 0.03 mLO2.h-1.g-1, respectively) at 32 °C and during the light phase. Under laboratory conditions, T. setosus showed metabolic rate variation compatible with nocturnal activity, whereas C. bishopi activity cycle remains unclear. Both species showed BMR lower than expected by allometric regressions for rodents.
Ypsilothuria bitentaculata bitentaculata (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea) from the southwestern Atlantic, with comments on its morphology
Authors: Martins Luciana , Tavares Marcos
Published: March 2018

Ypsilothuria bitentaculata bitentaculata(Ludwig, 1893), previously known from several localities in the Pacific Ocean, is recorded herein for the first time from the southwestern Atlantic Ocean based on eight specimens caught off the coast of southeastern Brazil, between 505–511 m deep. Several morphological details are added to the description ofY. b. bitentaculata, including photographs of specimens and calcareous ring plates, as well as scanning electron microscope images of the ossicles from the body wall, oral and anal siphons and introvert. Additionally,Y. b. bitentaculatais compared to its congeners.
Body orientation for thermoregulation and daily activity cycle of Mabuya macrorhyncha (Squamata: Scincidae)
Authors: Maia-Carneiro Thiago , Winck Gisele R. , Pereira Mariana Rodrigues , Rocha Carlos Frederico Duarte
Published: March 2018

We investigated the daily activity and thermoregulatory body orientation of Mabuya macrorhyncha (Hoge, 1947), a lizard species that occurs in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. We conducted this investigation in a sandy coastal dune remnant (“restinga” ecosystem) in Grussaí, state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, during the summer. The daily activity cycle of the lizards started around 6:00 am and ended before 7:00 pm. This is longer than observed in other populations of M. macrorhyncha (approximately 7:00 am to 5:00 pm). The activity cycle of the lizards was bimodal, with the first peak between 6:00 and 11:00 am and the second from 2:00 to 7:00 pm. This contrasts with observations on other populations of this species, which revealed an unimodal pattern. The mean body temperature of M. macrorhyncha in Grussaí was 34.2 ± 1.5 °C, which was comparatively higher than observed in other populations of the species. The differences in the daily activity and of body temperature of these lizards between our study and previous studies on this species may reflect environmental thermal conditions. The mean air and mean substrate temperatures when individuals were active were 27.8 and 30.5 °C respectively. Lizard orientation was significantly correlated with the direction of the solar incidence, suggesting that solar radiation, and particularly behavioral adjustments that maximize exposure to the sun, are important for the thermoregulation of M. macrorhyncha. Circular structures at the site, such as bromeliads, offer microhabitats with different orientations to the sunlight, favoring lizard thermoregulatory behaviors.
Clinical Outcomes of SMILE With a Triple Centration Technique and Corneal Wavefront-Guided Transepithelial PRK in High Astigmatism
Authors: Jun Ikhyun , Kang David Sung Yong , Reinstein Dan Z. , Arba-Mosquera Samuel , Archer Timothy J. , Seo Kyoung Yul , Kim Tae-im
Published: March 2018

PURPOSE:

To comparatively investigate the clinical outcomes, vector parameters, and corneal aberrations of small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) with a triple centration technique and corneal wavefront-guided transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) for the correction of high astigmatism.

METHODS:

This retrospective, comparative case series study included 89 eyes (89 patients) that received treatment for myopia with high astigmatism (≥ 2.50 diopters) using SMILE with a triple centration technique (SMILE group; 45 eyes) and corneal wavefront-guided transepithelial PRK (transepithelial PRK group; 44 eyes). Visual acuity measurement, manifest refraction, slit-lamp examination, autokeratometry, corneal topography, and evaluation of corneal wavefront aberration were performed preoperatively and at 1, 3, and 6 months after surgery. The safety, efficacy, vector parameters, and corneal aberrations at 6 months after surgery were compared between the two groups.

RESULTS:

At 6 months after surgery, the transepithelial PRK and SMILE groups exhibited comparable mean uncorrected distance visual acuities (−0.06 ± 0.07 and −0.05 ± 0.07 logMAR, respectively), safety, efficacy, and predictability of refractive and visual outcomes. There was a slight but statistically significant difference in the correction index between the transepithelial PRK and SMILE groups (0.96 ± 0.11 and 0.91 ± 0.10, respectively). Whereas the transepithelial PRK group exhibited increased corneal spherical aberration and significantly reduced corneal coma and trefoil, no changes in aberrometric values were noted in the SMILE group.

CONCLUSIONS:

Both SMILE with a triple centration technique and corneal wavefront-guided transepithelial PRK are effective and provide predictable outcomes for the correction of high myopic astigmatism, although slight undercorrection was observed in the SMILE group. The triple centration technique was helpful in astigmatism correction by SMILE.

[
J Refract Surg.
2018;34(3):156–163.]
Effect of Conus Eccentricity on Visual Outcomes After Intracorneal Ring Segments Implantation in Keratoconus
Authors: Gatzioufas Zisis , Panos Georgios D. , Elalfy Mohamed , Khine Aye , Hamada Samer , Lake Damian , Kozeis Nikos , Balidis Miltos
Published: March 2018

PURPOSE:

To investigate the potential impact of cone eccentricity on visual outcomes after Keraring (Mediphacos, Belo Horizonte, Brazil) implantation for keratoconus.

METHODS:

Nineteen eyes from 19 patients with keratoconus who underwent femtosecond laser–assisted Keraring implantation for keratoconus were included in this retrospective study. Uncorrected visual acuity (UDVA), corrected visual acuity (CDVA), keratometric readings, central corneal thickness, maximum keratometric distance from corneal apex (DKmax), corneal thinnest point from corneal apex (DTh), and coma were evaluated preoperatively and 6 months after the Keraring implantation. DKmax and DTh were used as metrics reflecting the eccentricity of the cone.

RESULTS:

UDVA, CDVA, keratometric readings, and coma improved at 6 months postoperatively. However, there was no correlation between DKmax or DTh and visual outcomes at 6 months postoperatively.

CONCLUSIONS:

The data did not show any impact of the cone eccentricity on visual outcomes after Keraring implantation for keratoconus at 6 months postoperatively.

[
J Refract Surg.
2018;34(3):196–200.]
Between naturalness and urbanity, how are protected areas integrated into cities? The case of Helsinki (Finland)
Authors: Girault Camille
Published: March 2018

Helsinki boasts numerous protected nature areas with a variety of statuses and objectives, including 52 nature reserves within the metropolitan area and two national parks just outside the city. Given this abundance of protected sites, Helsinki is an excellent example through which to examine nature-conservation policies in the socio-economic and environmental context of northern Europe. How strongly and how directly are these sites integrated into the city’s fabric? The situation in Finland’s capital shows that protection can become a factor in metropolization and that, in some cases, protected areas can be considered components of urbanity. This paper investigates the relationship between urbanity and naturalness by examining how protected areas are used, portrayed and construed. Urban policies and processes, the rhythms of city life and city dwellers’ habits and imaginations shape urban protected areas to such an extent that the urbanity of a city and the naturalness of its protected areas become inseparable. Hence, the “natural” character of these sites combines with their “urban” location in relationships that are usually complex and sometimes paradoxical. More generally, the situation in Helsinki highlights the important roles nature areas can play in shaping a city’s identity and in the process of metropolization.
Between distance and proximity: nature parks and the city in Switzerland
Authors: Cavin Joëlle Salomon
Published: March 2018

Urban Nature Parks do not exist in Switzerland. A debate regarding their establishment in 2010 petered out. This failure exemplifies a representation of nature in the Swiss parks system, which should stand very far removed from the city. Since the establishment of Parks of National Importance in 2006, human activity has been tolerated under the condition that it is considered rural. Because it is neither wild, with the exception of a few rewilded forests, nor rural, urban nature has no place in this policy. However, the ‘a-urban’ conception of the parks policy in Switzerland does not preclude the existence of close links between cities and nature parks for obvious reasons of spatial and functional proximity. Hence, although the nature parks should be far removed from the cities by definition, they are very close to them by reality. Furthermore, this paradoxical situation is accompanied by the emergence of local solutions, outside the framework of the official regulation of nature parks, for ensuring the conservation of open highly urbanized non-built areas at the outskirts of cities. However those Agglomeration Parks are far from constituting an equivalent alternative to the national strategy with no legal status, an absence of dedicated funding and their very large target gathered under the banner of “open spaces”.
Deconstrucción y genealogía del “buen vivir” latinoamericano. El (trino) “buen vivir” y sus diversos manantiales intelectuales
Authors: Hidalgo-Capitán Antonio Luis , Cubillo-Guevara Ana Patricia
Published: March 2018

El propósito de este capítulo es identificar, con un enfoque de Economía Política del Desarrollo, los diferentes significados del “buen vivir” latinoamericano y sus diversos manantiales intelectuales. Los autores intentan responder las siguientes preguntas: ¿Cuáles son los diferentes “buenos vivires” que hay detrás de dicho concepto? y ¿cuáles son los manantiales intelectuales de los que han bebido los diversos autores que han escrito sobre el tema? Asimismo, usan las estrategias metodológicas de la deconstrucción y la genealogía del concepto, a partir de una amplia revisión bibliográfica. Ellos concluyen que existen tres diferentes versiones de buen vivir latinoamericano: una indigenista y pachamamista, otra socialista y estatista, y otra ecologista y posdesarrollista. Además, sostienen que existe también una concepción sintética del concepto. Estas versiones están asociadas con diferentes influencias intelectuales, tales como: el sumak kawsay, el suma qamaña y el allin kawsay; la cosmovisión andina; el desarrollo con identidad; la teoría de la reciprocidad; el posdesarrollo; la teología de la liberación; la teoría de la dependencia; la teoría de la colonialidad; el desarrollo sostenible; la teoría del sistema mundial; el desarrollo humano; el desarrollo endógeno; el ecosocialismo; el socialismo del siglo XXI; la justicia social; la economía de la felicidad; la eudaimonía; la economía de los bienes relacionales; la economía social y solidaria; el feminismo intercultural; el feminismo de los cuidados; el ecofeminismo; la economía de autosuficiencia; la economía comunitaria; la economía descalza y a escala humana; la economía budista; el posextractivismo; el decrecimiento; la ecología profunda; y la teoría de la convivialidad.
Thrips (Thysanoptera) attracted to carrion-baited traps in the tropical highlands of Chiapas, Mexico
Authors: Infante Francisco , Mañas-Jordá Saray , Mound Laurence A. , León-Cortés Jorge L.
Published: March 2018

Over 1000 species of arthropods have been recorded from cadavers worldwide. While conducting a study on the diversity and abundance of insects associated with pig (Sus scrofa Linnaeus; Mammalia: Suidae) carrion in the highlands of Chiapas, Mexico, we noticed the presence of thrips (Thysanoptera) in the collecting containers of traps. The thrips collected comprised the following species: Aeolothrips species (Aeolothripidae), Frankliniella brunnea Priesner (Thripidae), Frankliniella fusca (Hinds), Frankliniella trinidadensis Hood, Neohydatothrips portoricensis (Morgan) (Thripidae), Thrips simplex (Morison) (Thripidae), Wegenerithrips admirabilis Johansen (Thripidae), and Stephanothrips bradleyi Hood (Phlaeothripidae). These species were taken in Schoenly traps, a device designed to catch sarcosaprophagous insects. The thrips species reported in the present study have not previously been recovered from decomposing cadavers, and their occurrence suggests an attraction to one or more components of the trap, rather than an incidental presence. Albeit thrips are not considered forensically important, more studies are needed to elucidate their role in carrion ecology.
A Restricted Role for FcγR in the Regulation of Adaptive Immunity
Authors: Fransen Marieke F. , Benonisson Hreinn , van Maren Wendy W. , Sow Heng Sheng , Breukel Cor , Linssen Margot M. , Claassens Jill W. C. , Brouwers Conny , van der Kaa Jos , Camps Marcel , Kleinovink Jan Willem , Vonk Kelly K. , van Heiningen Sandra , Klar Ngaisah , van Beek Lianne , van Harmelen Vanessa , Daxinger Lucia , Nandakumar Kutty S. , Holmdahl Rikard , Coward Chris , Lin Qingshun , Hirose Sachiko , Salvatori Daniela , van Hall Thorbald , van Kooten Cees , Mastroeni Piero , Ossendorp Ferry , Verbeek J. Sjef
Published: March 2018

By their interaction with IgG immune complexes, FcγR and complement link innate and adaptive immunity, showing functional redundancy. In complement-deficient mice, IgG downstream effector functions are often impaired, as well as adaptive immunity. Based on a variety of model systems using FcγR-knockout mice, it has been concluded that FcγRs are also key regulators of innate and adaptive immunity; however, several of the model systems underpinning these conclusions suffer from flawed experimental design. To address this issue, we generated a novel mouse model deficient for all FcγRs (FcγRI/II/III/IV−/− mice). These mice displayed normal development and lymphoid and myeloid ontogeny. Although IgG effector pathways were impaired, adaptive immune responses to a variety of challenges, including bacterial infection and IgG immune complexes, were not. Like FcγRIIb-deficient mice, FcγRI/II/III/IV−/− mice developed higher Ab titers but no autoantibodies. These observations indicate a redundant role for activating FcγRs in the modulation of the adaptive immune response in vivo. We conclude that FcγRs are downstream IgG effector molecules with a restricted role in the ontogeny and maintenance of the immune system, as well as the regulation of adaptive immunity.
Pulmonary veins stenosis relief after an inappropriate radiofrequency catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation in a young non-competitive athlete
Authors: Sarubbi Berardo , Rea Gaetano , Santoro Giuseppe , Melillo Enrico , Scognamiglio Giancarlo , Russo Maria Giovannna
Published: March 2018

One of the major complications of radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) for atrial fibrillation (AF) is pulmonary vein stenosis (PVS). The natural history of PVS, especially when it involves more than one vein, leads to severe and irreversible pulmonary hypertension with end-stage right heart failure that can require, in extreme cases, even heart-lung transplantation. We report the case of a young patient who underwent RFCA for a single lasting episode of AF and developed PVS years later. He was treated with ballon venoplasty followed by stent implantation in left pulmonary vein because of PVS relief. This reported case emphasizes the need of an adequate indication for RFCA for AF, considering the benefit-risk ratio especially in young patients with normal cardiac function.
Radiation Reduction in Low Dose Pulsed Fluoroscopy versus Standard Dose Continuous Fluoroscopy during Fluoroscopically-Guided Lumbar Punctures: A Prospective Controlled Study
Authors: Sabat Shyam , Slonimsky Einat
Published: March 2018

Purpose:

The purpose of this study was to evaluate radiation dose reduction in fluoroscopically guided lumbar punctures (FGLP) using “pulsed fluoroscopy in a low dose mode” compared with the commonly used “continuous fluoroscopy in a standard dose mode” while maintaining the technical success.

Materials and Methods:

Thirty-five consecutive patients who underwent FGLP divided randomly to seventeen patients in the control group with standard dose continuous FGLP and eighteen patients in the study group with low-dose low-frame-rate of 3 frames per second (fps) FGLP. Entrance surface dose measurements from a dosimeter device were recorded as well as the dose area product (DAP).

Results:

A total of 35 patients with average age of 52 years (range: 15–87 [±17 standard deviation [SD]]) were evaluated. Average entrance surface dose of the study group was significantly lower (3.81 mGy [range: 0.21–11.14, [±2.8 SD]]) compared with the control group (22.45 mGy [range: 1.23–73.44, [±19.41 [SD]]). The average DAP of the study group (10 mGy·cm2 [range: 1–41, [±9.8 SD]]) was also significantly lower than the control group (65 mGy·cm2 [range: 5–199, [±53 SD]]). Success rate was similar between the study and control groups.

Conclusion:

Low dose pulsed fluoroscopy of 3 fps significantly reduces radiation exposure by about 600% compared with standard dose continuous fluoroscopy in FGLP. Utilizing this radiation saving strategy will allow to dramatically reduce radiation exposure, without impacting the technical success rate.
Clinical Outcomes Study of Echocardiography Imaging to Define Relationship between Significant Pulmonary Hypertension and Right Ventricular Dysfunction: Indian Scenario
Authors: Vora Keyur , Christopher Johann
Published: March 2018

Objective:

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is one of the fundamental echocardiography parameters of prognostic importance in heart failure (HF) diseases. Recently, right ventricular (RV) function is being increasingly recognized as critical parameter in terms of mortality outcomes both in acute and chronic HF. We sought to determine the prognostic significance of PH and RV function in patients of acute and chronic HF from retrospective institutional data.

Methodology:

We studied 306 patients with HF presentation including acute decompensated HF. Pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP) and RV function were determined with the use of Doppler echocardiography, with PH as PASP >50 mmHg and tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) <1.6 cm along with global RV fractional area change. The primary endpoint was all-cause mortality during 3-year follow-up.

Results:

PH was present in 134 patients (43.8%) and RV dysfunction in 129 patients (42.2%). The majority of patients with RV dysfunction had PH (58.1%). Patients with normal RV function and PH had an intermediate risk. However, patients with RV dysfunction without PH were not at increased risk for 3-year mortality.

Conclusion:

Critical echocardiography parameters in the evaluation of HF include PASP for pressure and volume overload status as well as RV function. The incremental prognosis is also determined by PH and RV function. The compounding effect of PH & RV dysfunction is detrimental in terms of high morbidity rates and mortality outcomes.
Doppler Evaluation of Hepatic Vein Flow
Authors: Mittal Sita Ram
Published: March 2018

Hepatic vein (HV) flow pattern closely correlates with pressure changes in the right atrium. Normally, there are two forward flow waves – systolic and diastolic. Diastolic wave is slightly smaller than systolic wave. Three reversal waves can be seen – late systolic, mid-diastolic, and third during right atrial contraction. Normally, forward wave velocities increase during inspiration. Reversal waves are slightly more prominent during expiration. Systolic wave is diminished in atrial fibrillation, right ventricular systolic dysfunction, and tricuspid regurgitation. When these pathologies are severe or they coexist, systolic wave may reverse. Diastolic wave is diminished in tricuspid stenosis and impaired relaxation of the right ventricle as seen in right ventricular hypertrophy, right ventricular ischemia, or infarction. Diastolic flow reversal wave becomes prominent in restrictive cardiomyopathy and pericardial constriction. Reversal wave during right atrial contraction is absent in atrial fibrillation. It is diminished or absent when compliance of HVs is decreased due to diseases of liver parenchyma. This reversal wave is prominent in each cardiac cycle in tricuspid stenosis with sinus rhythm and in patients with right ventricular hypertrophy. It is intermittently prominent in the presence of ventricular ectopics and complete atrioventricular block.
Symplectic embeddings of products
Authors: Cristofaro-Gardiner Daniel , Hind Richard
Published: March 2018

McDuff and Schlenk determined when a four-dimensional ellipsoid can be symplectically embedded into a four-dimensional ball, and found that when the ellipsoid is close to round, the answer is given by an “infinite staircase” determined by the odd-index Fibonacci numbers. We show that this result still holds in higher dimensions when we “stabilize” the embedding problem.
On stable rationality of some conic bundles and moduli spaces of Prym curves
Authors: Böhning Christian , Graf von Bothmer Hans-Christian
Published: March 2018

We prove that a very general hypersurface of bidegree

(2, n)

in

\mathbb P^2\times \mathbb P^2

for

n

bigger than or equal to

2

is not stably rational, using Voisin's method of integral Chow-theoretic decompositions of the diagonal and their preservation under mild degenerations. At the same time, we also analyse possible ways to degenerate Prym curves, and the way how various loci inside the moduli space of stable Prym curves are nested. No deformation theory of stacks or sheaves of Azumaya algebras like in recent work of Hassett–Kresch–Tschinkel is used, rather we employ a more elementary and explicit approach via Koszul complexes, which is enough to treat this special case.
Selberg’s central limit theorem for log $|\zeta(\tfrac 12+it)|$
Authors: Radziwiłł Maksym , Soundararajan Kannan
Published: March 2018

We present a new and simple proof of Selberg's central limit theorem, according to which the logarithm of the Riemann zeta-function at height

t

is approximately normally distributed with mean 0 and variance

\frac {1}{2}

log log

t

.
The Cartan–Hadamard Theorem for metric spaces with local geodesic bicombings
Authors: Miesch Benjamin
Published: March 2018

We prove the Cartan–Hadamard Theorem for spaces which are not necessarily uniquely geodesic but locally possess a suitable selection of geodesics, a so-called convex geodesic bicombing.

Furthermore, we deduce a local-to-global theorem for injective (or hyperconvex) metric spaces, saying that under certain conditions a complete, simply-connected, locally injective metric space is injective. A related result for absolute 1-Lipschitz retracts follows.
Ruedas HeIse: Familia de Mecanismos para Implementar Ruedas Híbridas de Geometría Variable
Authors: Moreno Avalos Héctor A. , Carrera Calderón Isela G. , Pámanes García J. Alfonso , Baca José
Published: March 2018

En este documento se presenta una familia de mecanismos de dos grados de libertad para implementar ruedas híbridas de geometría variable. Estos mecanismos son capaces de transformar una rueda circular en una rueda híbrida con múltiples piernas desplegables. En este trabajo se describen los principales atributos y ventajas de los mecanismos, a los cuales nombramos Ruedas HeIse. Además, se definen diversos términos y conceptos relativos al modelado matemático de dichos dispositivos. La familia de mecanismos consiste de 14 diseños originales, los cuales representan una solución solida al problema de trasformación rueda-rueda híbrida.
Desarrollo de Sistemas Distribuidos de Tiempo Real y de Criticidad Mixta a través del Estándar DDS
Authors: Pérez Tijero Héctor , Gutiérrez J. Javier
Published: March 2018

El uso de middleware de distribución facilita la programación de sistemas distribuidos de tiempo real heterogéneos, y por extensión también puede facilitar la generación automática de código como parte de una estrategia de desarrollo basada en modelos. Sin embargo, esta clase de middleware presenta una complejidad añadida que dificulta su uso en sistemas con ciertos requisitos de criticidad o de tiempo real. En este trabajo se hace una revisión de algunos estudios previos en los que se muestra la posibilidad de utilizar un middleware de distribución centrado en los datos (DDS, Data Distribution Service) para la integración de aplicaciones con criticidad mixta en sistemas distribuidos.
Desempeño de Controladores Inalámbricos Codificados Aplicados en Turbinas Eólicas Conectadas a una Smart Grid
Authors: Lunardi Angelo S. , Cambero Eduardo V. V. , Cardoso Jaqueline G. , Casella Ivan R. S. , Sguarezi Filho Alfeu J. , Capovilla Carlos E.
Published: March 2018

Actualmente, con el avance de las tecnologías de smart grid, la participación de las fuentes renovables en los sistemas energéticos está cambiando para atender las nuevas necesidades y aumentar la eficiencia de los sistemas. Con una visión del contexto de smart grid, este trabajo propone la revisión del moderno sistema de control inalámbrico propuesto basado en los generadores de inducción de jaula de ardilla conectados a la red eléctrica. El sistema de comunicación inalámbrico aplicado transmite las señales de potencia de referencia al controlador SCIG con la confiabilidad necesaria para asegurar la calidad de energía proporcionada por el generador eólico con codificación LDPC y OFDM. Los resultados de esta investigación respaldan la operatividad y las ventajas de la aplicación del sistema de control inalámbrico para plantas eólicas cuando son empleados requisitos y técnicas basados en la modulación digital y las técnicas de codificación.
Obtención de un Modelo Dinámico para un Robot 3RRR Basado en Teoría de Screws
Authors: Serrano Fernando E. , Rodriguez Benigno A. , Cardona Manuel
Published: March 2018

En este artículo se propone una nueva técnica para la obtención de un modelo dinámico de robots 3RRR a partir de un modelo cinemático basado en teoría de screws, la cual permite obtener la cinemática de un robot ya sea ésta abierta o cerrada. Primero se obtiene el modelo cinemático de una forma compacta y a partir de éste se llega al modelo dinámico aplicando el método de Euler Lagrange, con ello se transfieren las características de simplicidad y compacidad del modelo cinemático al dinámico. El modelo dinámico se obtiene inicialmente para las juntas actuadas y luego para las coordenadas del efector a través de sus interrelaciones. Para comprobar la efectividad de este desarrollo teórico se prueba el modelo obtenido con un controlador proporcional-derivativo (PD) ya que provee de una estrategia de control simple que luego puede ser extendida a controladores más efectivos.
Estimating aboveground carbon density and its uncertainty in Borneo’s structurally complex tropical forests using airborne laser scanning
Authors: Jucker Tommaso , Asner Gregory P. , Dalponte Michele , Brodrick Philip , Philipson Christopher D. , Vaughn Nick , Teh Yit Arn , Brelsford Craig , Burslem David F. R. P. , Deere Nicolas J. , Ewers Robert M. , Kvasnica Jakub , Lewis Simon L. , Malhi Yadvinder , Milne Sol , Nilus Reuben , Pfeifer Marion , Phillips Oliver L. , Qie Lan , Renneboog Nathan , Reynolds Glen , Riutta Terhi , Struebig Matthew J. , Svátek Martin , Turner Edgar C. , Coomes David A.
Published: March 2018

Abstract. Borneo contains some of the world’s most biodiverse and carbon dense tropical forest, but this 750 000-km2 island has lost 62 % of its old-growth forests within the last 40 years. Efforts to protect and restore the remaining forests of Borneo hinge on recognising the ecosystem services they provide, including their ability to store and sequester carbon. Airborne Laser Scanning (ALS) is a remote sensing technology that allows forest structural properties to be captured in great detail across vast geographic areas. In recent years ALS has been integrated into state-wide assessment of forest carbon in Neotropical and African regions, but not yet in Asia. For this to happen, new regional models, need to be developed for estimating carbon stocks from ALS in tropical Asia, as the forests of this region are structurally and compositionally distinct from those found elsewhere in the tropics. By combining ALS imagery with data from 173 permanent forest plots spanning the lowland rain forests of Sabah, on the island of Borneo, we develop a simple-yet-general model for estimating forest carbon stocks using ALS-derived canopy height and canopy cover as input metrics. An advanced feature of this new model is the propagation of uncertainty in both ALS- and ground-based data, allowing uncertainty in hectare-scale estimates of carbon stocks to be quantified robustly. We show that the model effectively captures variation in aboveground carbons stocks across extreme disturbance gradients spanning tall dipterocarp forests and heavily logged regions, and clearly outperforms existing ALS-based models calibrated for the tropics, as well as currently available satellite-derived products. Our model provides a simple, generalised and effective approach for mapping forest carbon stocks in Borneo, and underpins ongoing efforts to safeguard and facilitate the restoration of its unique tropical forests.
Scaling properties reveal regulation of river flows in the Amazon through a “forest reservoir”
Authors: Salazar Juan Fernando , Villegas Juan Camilo , Rendón Angela María , Rodríguez Estiven , Hoyos Isabel , Mercado-Bettín Daniel , Poveda Germán
Published: March 2018

Abstract. Many natural and social phenomena depend on river flow regimes
that are being altered by global change. Understanding the mechanisms behind
such alterations is crucial for predicting river flow regimes in a changing
environment. Here we introduce a novel physical interpretation of the scaling
properties of river flows and show that it leads to a parsimonious
characterization of the flow regime of any river basin. This allows river basins to be classified as regulated or unregulated, and to identify a critical
threshold between these states. We applied this framework to the Amazon river
basin and found both states among its main tributaries. Then we introduce the
“forest reservoir” hypothesis to describe the natural capacity of river
basins to regulate river flows through land–atmosphere interactions (mainly
precipitation recycling) that depend strongly on the presence of forests. A
critical implication is that forest loss can force the Amazonian river basins
from regulated to unregulated states. Our results provide theoretical and
applied foundations for predicting hydrological impacts of global change,
including the detection of early-warning signals for critical transitions in
river basins.
Hydrological control of large hurricane-induced lahars: evidence from rainfall-runoff modeling, seismic and video monitoring
Authors: Capra Lucia , Coviello Velio , Borselli Lorenzo , Márquez-Ramírez Víctor-Hugo , Arámbula-Mendoza Raul
Published: March 2018

Abstract. The Volcán de Colima, one of the most active volcanoes in Mexico, is commonly affected by tropical rains related to hurricanes that form over the Pacific Ocean. In 2011, 2013 and 2015 hurricanes Jova, Manuel and Patricia, respectively, triggered tropical storms that deposited up to 400 mm of rain in 36 h, with maximum intensities of 50 mm h −1. The effects were devastating, with the formation of multiple lahars along La Lumbre and Montegrande ravines, which are the most active channels in sediment delivery on the south-southwest flank of the volcano. Deep erosion along the river channels and several marginal landslides were observed, and the arrival of block-rich flow fronts resulted in damages to bridges and paved roads in the distal reaches of the ravines. The temporal sequence of these flow events is reconstructed and analyzed using monitoring data (including video images, seismic records and rainfall data) with respect to the rainfall characteristics and the hydrologic response of the watersheds based on rainfall-runoff numerical simulation. For the studied events, lahars occurred 5–6 h after the onset of rainfall, lasted several hours and were characterized by several pulses with block-rich fronts and a maximum flow discharge of 900 m3 s −1. Rainfall-runoff simulations were performer using the SCS-curve number and the Green–Ampt infiltration models, providing a similar result in the detection of simulated maximum watershed peaks discharge. Results show different behavior for the arrival times of the first lahar pulses that correlate with the simulated catchment's peak discharge for La Lumbre ravine and with the peaks in rainfall intensity for Montegrande ravine. This different behavior is related to the area and shape of the two watersheds. Nevertheless, in all analyzed cases, the largest lahar pulse always corresponds with the last one and correlates with the simulated maximum peak discharge of these catchments. Data presented here show that flow pulses within a lahar are not randomly distributed in time, and they can be correlated with rainfall peak intensity and/or watershed discharge, depending on the watershed area and shape. This outcome has important implications for hazard assessment during extreme hydro-meteorological events, as it could help in providing real-time alerts. A theoretical rainfall distribution curve was designed for Volcán de Colima based on the rainfall and time distribution of hurricanes Manuel and Patricia. This can be used to run simulations using weather forecasts prior to the actual event, in order to estimate the arrival time of main lahar pulses, usually characterized by block-rich fronts, which are responsible for most of the damage to infrastructure and loss of goods and lives.