bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Thermal properties of bamboo cellulose isolated from bamboo culms and shoots
Authors: Naim Arif , Tan Cindy Soo Yun , Liew Fui Kiew
Published: August 2022

The isolation of cellulosic fibers and their applications in composite materials have drawn considerable interest due to their outstanding thermal and mechanical properties combined with light-weight character, biodegradability, and renewability. Bamboo is a fast-growing plant, and its properties include sustainability and excellent tensile strength. In this study, bamboo fibers from the culms and shoots of Dendrocalamus asper were treated with 5 wt% sodium hydroxide and subjected to ultra-sonication for 5 hours to obtain bamboo cellulose. Infra-red spectra showed that lignin and hemicelluloses were removed after treatment. With the removal of amorphous cellulosic regions, both cellulosic fibers exhibited higher decomposition temperatures than the raw fibers. Thermogravimetric analysis confirmed that both types of bamboo cellulose had a peak decomposition temperature at 408 °C. Cellulose isolated from the bamboo shoots exhibited similar chemical and thermal properties, indicating its huge potential as an alternative to mature bamboo culms.
Prediction of the equilibrium moisture content and specific gravity of thermally modified wood via an Aquila optimization algorithm back-propagation neural network model
Authors: Chen Yao , Wang Wei , Li Ning
Published: August 2022

The equilibrium moisture content and specific gravity of Uludag fir (Abies bornmüelleriana Mattf.) and hornbeam (Carpinus betulus L.) woods were investigated following heat treatment at different temperatures and times. Two prediction models were established based on the Aquila optimization algorithm back-propagation neural network model. To demonstrate the effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed model, it was compared with a tent sparrow search algorithm-back-propagation network model, a back-propagation network model, and an artificial neural network. The results showed that the Aquila optimization algorithm back-propagation model reduced the root mean square error value of the original back-propagation model by 87% and 97%, respectively, and the decision coefficients (R2) of the equilibrium moisture content and specific gravity were 0.99 and 0.98; as such, the model optimization effect was obvious. Therefore, this paper provides an effective method for the optimization of the process parameters (such as heat treatment time, temperature, and air pressure) in wood heat treatment and related fields.
Physical and chemical characteristics of the bamboo culm and wood carbonized at low temperature
Authors: Yang Go Un , Purusatama Byantara Darsan , Kim Jong Ho , Suri Intan Fajar , Prasetia Denni , Hidayat Wahyu , Febrianto Fauzi , Lee Seung Hwan , Kim Nam Hun
Published: August 2022

Physical and chemical characteristics of bamboo culm heat-treated at low temperature (200 °C to 320 °C) were analyzed to understand their carbonization mechanisms. The physical features and chemical compositions of four Indonesian and one Korean bamboo species were examined, and they were compared with red pine and cork oak after treatment. Weight loss, pH, and calorific value increased with increasing temperature. Weight loss and calorific value of the bamboo species increased from 200 to 240 °C, while those of the wood species increased from 240 to 280 °C. The pH of the bamboo and wood changed from acidic to neutral at 280 and 320 °C, respectively. The crystalline cellulose of the samples in the X-ray diffraction analysis changed to amorphous at various temperatures for each material. In Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, all species showed a considerable change in hemicellulose peaks at 280 °C and a substantial change in cellulose peaks at 320 °C. In conclusion, the carbonized bamboo culm showed a considerable difference, at 200 °C to 320 °C, in the physical and chemical characteristics.
Diversity of indoor wood decaying fungi in Poland
Authors: Andres Bogusław , Krajewski Krzysztof J. , Betlej Izabela
Published: August 2022

Results of research on the diversity of wood-rot fungi found in buildings and outdoor wooden engineering structures in Poland are presented in this article. A total of 47 species and genera of wood-rot fungi from Basidiomycota (19 brown rot fungi, 28 white rot fungi) and 1 genus from Ascomycota (1 fungus that does not cause wood decay) were found in damaged buildings. The greatest number of wood-rot fungi was reported on outdoor wooden engineering structures (33 species), followed by unoccupied residential buildings (30 species). The lowest diversity was found in occupied residential buildings (20 species). A total of 34 species and genera of fungi were found in all examined structures, out of which 17 species caused brown rot, 16 caused white rot, and 1 did not cause wood decay.
Bioinformatics analysis of Klebsiella pneumoniae M1, from microbial flocculation resources
Authors: Diao Huan , Xu Yan , Li Lv-mu , Tang Qiang
Published: August 2022

The synthesis of a microbial flocculant is strictly controlled by its genetic genes, which may be the result of the expression of flocculant genes in the microbial genome. The whole genome of Klebsiella pneumoniae M1 was sequenced for obtaining the mechanism of flocculant synthesis and exploring the mechanism of flocculant production by flocculant bacteria. Therefore, it provided a basis for molecular genetics and functional genomic analysis of flocculants production bacteria. In this way, the mechanism of flocculant production by flocculating bacteria can be better explored. The whole genome sequence of flocculant strain M1 was determined using advanced second generation (Illumina) and third generation (PacBio) sequencing, which was screened from wheat alcohol wastewater. The genes related to flocculant characteristics produced by strain M1 were analyzed for combining with the analysis of flocculant structure characteristics. According to the de novo assembly, a total of 5,511,794 bp clean reads were generated and assembled into 24 contigs. The GC content was up to 58.39%. The genome contained approximately 5383 genes, but 5348 genes had obvious biological functions. A total of 437 genes were involved in carbohydrate metabolism and had coding genes of five carbohydrate-related enzymes. This result indicated that there were functional genes closely related to polysaccharide production in M1 genome. The main metabolic process of flocculant strain Klebsiella pneumoniae M1 was closely related to the potential pathway of extracellular polysaccharide biosynthesis, in which five kinds of carbohydrate synthase genes were involved.
Effect of different lignocellulosic biomasses on laccase production by Pleurotus species
Authors: Han Mei-Ling , Li Xue-Qing , Zhang Chun-Dan , Li Mei-Xue , Zhang Meng-Han , An Min , Dou Xin-Ying , Zhang Tian-Xin , Yan Xun-You , Bian Lu-Sen , An Qi
Published: August 2022

The laccase activity of three cultivated Pleurotus strains was investigated using different lignocellulosic biomasses for solid-state fermentation. The lignocellulosic biomasses were Sophora japonica, Salix babylonica, Populus beijingensis, and Pinus tabuliformis, which were selected because of their laccase producing ability and low cost. The maximum laccase activities from P. ostreatus Han 1189, P. citrinopileatus Han 1192, and P. eryngii Han 1205 using Sophora japonica were 768.74 U/L ± 11.25 U/L, 144.77 U/L ± 9.70 U/L, and 200.42 U/L ± 6.85 U/L, respectively. The three species of Pleurotus showed consistency in having a preference of hardwood to secret laccase under solid-state fermentation when facing hardwood and softwood as substrates. Furthermore, the presence of Sophora japonica was beneficial to improving the laccase activity for three Pleurotus strains. The capacity of the laccase secretion of P. ostreatus Han 1189 was superior to the capacity of P. citrinopileatus Han 1192 and P. eryngii Han 1205. The discovery was helpful for obtaining new high-producing strains and suitable wood materials, as well as expanding these high-producing strains for industrial applications to obtain high laccase activity, high laccase yield, and low cost laccase.
Comparative steam bending characteristics of some planted forest wood species in Malaysia
Authors: Ratnasingam Jegatheswaran , Ab Latib Hazirah , Choon Liat Lim , Reza Farrokhpayam Saeid
Published: August 2022

The bending performance of wood is important for its application in furniture, and it is one of the criteria used to assess the suitability of a particular wood species for furniture. In this context, the steam-bending and surface roughness characteristics of four forest plantation wood species were evaluated. One batch of wood specimens were subjected to both surface roughness experiments using the stylus and toluene spread methods, while another batch of the wood specimens were subjected to steaming, clamped, and bent using a circular shape mold. The instantaneous spring-back was measured after 10 days, while the spring-back over time was measured from days 15 to 65. The surface roughness experiments showed that the Hevea brasiliensis had the lowest surface roughness, followed by the Eucalyptus pellita, Acacia mangium, and finally Revotropix paulownia. In terms of the bending performance, it was found that only the H. brasiliensis achieved the threshold 95% satisfactory level based on visual ranking. Furthermore, the wood species also recorded the lowest spring-back, both instantaneous and over-time, to register the best bending performance. On the other hand, R. paulownia had the worst bending performance, primarily due to its low density.
Evaluation of color changes, wettability, and moisture sorption of heat-treated blue-stained radiata pine lumber
Authors: Wang Pengyu , Cheng Shuai , Cao Shuai , Cai Jiabin
Published: August 2022

To improve the color and surface properties of blue-stained radiata pine, heat treatment was carried out at different temperatures and times. The color change, wettability, and dynamic moisture sorption of the wood were investigated. The results showed that, as the treatment temperature and duration time increased, the surface brightness of specimens gradually decreased, and the surface color became more reddish and blueish. In addition, the contact angle of distilled water at 0 s and 18 s gradually increased as the treatment temperature and time increased, which indicated a decrease in the surface wettability. The color of the blue-stained wood became more uniform with reduced surface wettability and hygroscopicity but increased sorption hysteresis after the treatment.
One-pot treatment with maleic anhydride vs. the interfacial compatibility of polycaprolactone-microcrystalline cellulose composites
Authors: Li Ming , He Beihai , Zhao Lihong
Published: August 2022

Polycaprolactone (PCL) is an eco-friendly and biodegradable synthetic polyester encouraged by various government authorities. These biodegradable bioplastics and lignocellulose composites have attracted people’s attention. Usually, neat PCL has poor interfacial compatibility with potential reinforcing particles and poor mechanical properties, which limit its application. The drawbacks can be effectively solved with maleic anhydride (MA) and microcrystalline cellulose (MCC). In this study, PCL composites were prepared by the one-pot synthesis method. The roughness of the PCL-MA/MCC film was reduced 66.7%, the contact angle (CA) reached a maximum of 87.5°, and its tensile strength was effectively improved by 77.8%. The thermodynamic properties of PCL-MA were similar to PCL. In contrast to PCL, the thermodynamic properties of PCL-MA were minimally affected, and the main chain structure of PCL was not broken despite the formation of new chemical groups. Its interfacial compatibility and mechanical properties were effectively improved.
Implication of grain-boundary structure and chemistry on plasticity and failure
Authors: Dehm Gerhard , Cairney Julie
Published: August 2022

Failure processes are often linked to interfaces, their atomistic structure and chemistry. Therefore, a detailed understanding of failure processes requires knowledge of structural and chemical interface states as a prerequisite. Recent advances in transmission electron microscopy and atom probe tomography allow this information to be gathered with the highest spatial and chemical resolution. Insights on how strength, ductility, and toughness can be manipulated by grain-boundary complexions (i.e., grain-boundary state transitions) due to their impact on grain-boundary cohesion as well as dislocation–grain-boundary interaction processes have been recently gained. Making use of the multidimensional space spanned by grain boundaries concerning their atomic structure, chemical composition, grain-boundary inclinations and defects will enable new concepts for grain-boundary engineering of mechanical properties.

Graphical abstract
Functional profiling of Achillea fragrantissima (a perennial edible herb) against human cancer cells and potential nutraceutical impact in neutralizing cell proliferation by interfering with VEGF and NF-κB signaling pathways
Authors: Ullah Mohammad Fahad , Ahmad Aamir , Bhat Showket H. , Abuduhier Faisel M. , Mustafa Syed Khalid , Al-Qirim Tariq
Published: August 2022

Chemoprevention with alternative approaches is emerging as a significant component of therapeutic regimen for the management of various diseases in human population including cancer. The concept of personalized nutrition is attracting considerable interest as an effective and affordable strategy in the prevention of chronic diseases. It is acknowledged that diet-derived agents or non-dietary natural products are not only the source of traditional medicines but also the lead compounds for currently used pharmaceuticals with excellent efficacy against a number of human diseases. Achillea species (Asteraceae) are considered as functional foods, which are important constituents of traditional medicine and commonly consumed as herbal tea or food additives worldwide. The studies presented herein demonstrate the effects of the hydro-methanolic extract of A. fragrantissima against a panel of cancer cells that include breast cancer (MDA-MB-231,MCF-7,SKBR3), pancreatic cancer (BxPC-3, MiaPaCa-2), prostate cancer (LNCaP,C4-2B,PC-3), and lung cancer (A549). The experimental results presented in the study show that the extract, which is rich in structurally diverse phytochemicals, effectively inhibits the cell growth and induces apoptotic cell death in human cancer cells. The treatment of the cancer cells with the extract resulted in a progressive decrease in cell migration and invasiveness, demonstrating an effective anti-metastatic activity. The mechanism by which the extract exerts its effects against cancer cells potentially engages NF-κB signaling and downregulation of its target cytokines such as VEGF. The study provides evidence that partially support the importance of functional foods and highlights their significance in disease prevention.
Introdução: Intermedialidades em imagens (pós)coloniais
Authors: Piçarra Maria do Carmo
Published: August 2022

Dedicada ao tema das Intermedialidades em imagens (pós)coloniais, esta edição reúne artigos académicos de investigadores que investigam cinema e criações artísticas em situação (pós)colonial (Mbembe) a que subjazem práticas intermediais.
Serialized Participatory Culture: The Digital Transformation of Youth Audiences
Authors: Ganito Carla , Burnay Catarina Duff , Ferreira Cátia
Published: August 2022

Digital technologies are transforming audiences and media practices and in a context of serialization this paper wants to make the case for television series as much of the attention from the industry and the academy is drawn by music and cinema neglecting the effects on television viewing. Lawrence Lessig has proposed "remix" as one of the main outcomes of social and cultural practices enabled by new technologies that allow for easy production and sharing. Henry Jenkins talks of a "convergence culture" and many other authors refer a participatory turn. But this surge of creativity and participation poses new challenges to the industry and to the study of audiences. With the surge of transmediality and new platforms such as mobile phones and tablets, as well as enabling tools for massified DYI, the experience of television series consumption has been completely changed. This is particularly notable in youth audiences where television is still pervasive but networked media practices are gaining ground, namely a serialized participation culture characterized by immediacy, anticipation, control, emotional affordance and freedom. Based in a mixed methodology, composed of a quantitative online survey and a qualitative focus group approach, this paper will offer a case study of Portuguese College students’ serialized participatory culture regarding television series.
Radio and the consolidation of Portuguese identity: a critical assessment of compliance monitoring by the ERC
Authors: Lameiras Mariana , Sousa Helena
Published: August 2022

The promotion of Portuguese language and culture through radio broadcasters is one of the statutory requirements established by law. Considering that the state media regulatory body (Entidade Reguladora para a Comunicação Social - ERC) is responsible for regulating and monitoring media activity in Portugal, it shall verify compliance with these rules which are postulated by a system of quotas for the Portuguese music broadcasting. We consider this system an essential starting point in order to assess the quest for the Portuguese identity and consolidation through radio. This assessment is based on a certain understanding of language: a legalistic approach derived from the wording of the law that foresees language as a crucial element for the definition of a so-called Portuguese identity and as a constitutive premise of a cultural pattern.

Bearing in mind the legal framework for the radio and for the regulatory body, we scrutinize broadcasters’ performance according to the established system of quotas through the analysis of the regulatory body’s findings stated in the ERC’s 2009 Report of Regulation.

This article deconstructs the significance of the system of quotas for the Portuguese music broadcasting considering a regulatory approach on behalf of legal imperatives in terms of identity, language and culture promotion, trying to answer some questions: What are radio broadcasters expected to do? What legal imperatives do they have to follow? Do they actually comply with them? What kind of intervention does the Portuguese regulatory body develop in this matter?
Studying youth in the streets of the media city – Field notes on a relational perspective
Authors: Suurpää Leena , Sumiala Johanna , Hjelm Titus , Tikka Minttu
Published: August 2022

How to study the youth in the media city, where the physical and the digital lives of young people often intertwine and overlap? What kinds of spatial entitlements and forms of control young people experience in a media city? How to grasp those issues in fieldwork, in a condition in which, ‘the street’, is constructed as a conceptual and empirical locus for ethnographic research. This article attempts to reflect upon these questions by providing some theoretical and empirical reflections based on media and street ethnographic fieldwork among youth in two contemporary media cities of Helsinki and London. The article draws its inspiration from the scholarly crossroads of sociology, youth studies, urban studies and media studies, and applies the concept of relationality to that framework. We examine aspects of relationality (among and between people, spaces and the media), which researchers confront when studying young people’s lives in the media city ethnographically. In order to understand the complex meanings that the street acquires when approached from the perspective of the youth in the media city, the issues related to the boundaries, (in)visibility and control connected with the idea of relationality are discussed in more detail. Our reflections are based on the project titled Youth Street Politics in the Media Age
O Ano em que o Cinema que conhecíamos parou: um retrato em três actos
Authors: Lourenço Jaime
Published: August 2022

Passado um ano de pandemia, podemos afirmar que o panorama cinematográfico se alterou por completo, desde as salas vazias, estreias adiadas, rodagens interrompidas, profissionais em crise, etc. No entanto, além da crise provocada, o streaming consolidou-se e tornou-se na principal forma de ver filmes durante este período. Contudo, levanta questões sobre a vitalidade e sustentabilidade do modelo que conhecíamos até então. Neste artigo, propomos retratar um ano de pandemia em três momentos distintos: os efeitos provocados pela Covid-19 ao sector cinematográfico, a presença fortalecida do streaming e as consequências para o modelo tradicional do cinema, e uma interrogação sobre os caminhos que o cinema irá trilhar num futuro próximo.
A montra jornalística na estação pandémica: análise das capas do Correio da Manhã, Jornal de Notícias e Público
Authors: Neto Livino , Cardoso Gustavo , Telo Décio
Published: August 2022

Neste artigo, que é uma síntese de um estudo realizado no MediaLab CIES-Iscte , parte-se da ideia de pandemia enquanto evento mediático e da mediatização como aspeto estruturante da narrativa jornalística, para propor três modelos de montras jornalísticas – de saldos, de produto e de diversidade em que se considera as características e critérios de noticiabilidade adotados por cada um dos veículos analisados. A análise englobou três dimensões: a distribuição do conteúdo no espaço físico e hierárquico do jornal (manchete, centro e periferia); as marcas, que podem ser palavras destacadas nos títulos e chamadas; e os recursos imagéticos utilizados.

A pesquisa teve em conta 90 capas dos jornais Correio da Manhã, Jornal de Notícias e Público publicadas durante os primeiros 30 dias de cobertura da pandemia em Portugal, divididos em três ciclos: o primeiro, entre a divulgação dos primeiros casos identificados de COVID-19 em Portugal (3 de março de 2020) e a declaração do estado de alerta em Portugal (12 de março); o segundo, desde o encerramento das escolas (13 de março) à véspera da notícia do decreto presidencial que autoriza ao governo decretar estado de emergência (18 de março); o terceiro, da repercussão do decreto presidencial (19 de março) até à véspera da aprovação do decreto de emergência na Assembleia da República (1 de abril).

O estudo conclui que as narrativas nas capas dos jornais são diferentes entre si e afetadas pelos modelos de montras, os quais refletem a dicotomia entre os interesses jornalísticos e os interesses comerciais, questionando se o público-modelo que norteia a construção das diferentes montras é apenas um, entre vários possíveis, “retrato-robô”, para fazer «vender» jornais, ou um claro identificador sociocultural dos públicos da imprensa escrita portuguesa?
Podcasting e pandemia. Da portabilidade e mobilidade ao confinamento e universos pessoais interconectados
Authors: Paisana Miguel , Martins Ruben
Published: August 2022

A pandemia da Covid-19 trouxe consigo um conjunto de impactos e consequências, alguns dos quais de tipologia e dimensão ainda desconhecidas. O conjunto de práticas comunicacionais e de consumo de media não é excepção, tendo-se observado durante o confinamento de Março / Abril de 2020 uma alteração significativa dos padrões habitualmente atribuídos à sociedade portuguesa.

O podcasting, enquanto formato intrinsecamente relacionado com aspectos como a portabilidade e a facilidade de acesso e consumo, enfrenta neste contexto um processo de reenquadramento comunicacional muito significativo, na medida em que as dimensões relevantes do seu consumo estão fortemente associadas aos paradigmas da mobilidade. Essa é, no entanto, apenas uma dimensão relativa da mudança que o formato atravessa, sendo simultânea ao crescente interesse dos modelos plataformizados e fechados de distribuição de conteúdos e à crescente relevância da dimensão social do áudio e, em particular, da voz enquanto ferramenta de aproximação ao outro.

Neste artigo é explorada a materialização da mudança observada no formato em virtude da pandemia. Partindo da observação das dinâmicas de consumo em Portugal, procura-se reflectir sobre a forma como o formato é pensado, desenvolvido e operacionalizado pela esfera da produção. Para tal são observadas as dinâmicas de consumo de podcasts em Portugal, recorrendo a uma amostra representativa da população, e os padrões de consumo por género e por fonte em período pré (Dezembro de 2018) e pós-pandemia (Dezembro de 2020).

A análise realizada permite constatar que o podcasting terá adquirido, do ponto de vista do consumo, uma configuração orgânica coincidente com uma a comunicabilidade confinada. Do ponto de vista da produção, a pandemia não trava um crescimento exponencial da oferta, em termos de diversidade e quantidade, que redunda numa maior competitividade dos formatos existentes.
A representação feminina na mídia esportiva: o caso Fernanda Colombo.
Authors: Barreto Soraya
Published: August 2022

Fundamentada na abordagem teórico-metodológica nos estudos culturais e nos estudos de gênero, pretendemos discutir a representação da mulher no futebol em Pernambuco. Um dos aspectos pouco conhecidos da história do futebol remete à inserção da mulher nesse universo “naturalizado” masculino. Objetiva-se compreender a representação midiática da mulher nos gramados. Pretende-se, dessa forma, analisar as formas de integração permitidas e proibidas às mulheres, e, sobretudo, os significados encerrados em tais permissões e proibições. O objeto de análise se centra na cobertura midiática da chegada da bandeirinha catarinense Fernanda Colombo ao Recife. Com efeito, analisaremos as peças produzidas nos dois principais jornais do estado: Jornal do Commercio e Diário de Pernambuco. O recorte metodológico se deu através da técnica da análise de discurso à luz das teorizações de Pecheux e Maingueneau, que nos possibilitou decifrar as intenções explícitas e implícitas dos enunciados.
Análisis de asimetrías de género en el colectivo profesional de periodistas en Castilla-La Mancha
Authors: Galletero-Campos Belén , Ufarte Ruiz María José , López-Cepeda Ana María , Martínez-Pérez Elena
Published: August 2022

Los perfiles profesionales, especialmente los que atañen al periodismo, no pueden entenderse como una cuestión universal y abstracta, pues están construidos sobre factores contextuales como los espacios de trabajo, la tipología de las empresas y las competencias requeridas. En este estudio se analizan las asimetrías de género en las condiciones laborales de los profesionales del periodismo en Castilla-La Mancha, una comunidad autónoma caracterizada por su identidad sociodemográfica rural y por su estructura mediática compuesta por micromedios. Se aplica una metodología cuantitativa, cuyo instrumento de recogida ha sido la encuesta, y un posterior análisis estadístico descriptivo de variables categóricas. El cuestionario, que ha tomado como base algunas investigaciones de referencia en la materia en los últimos quince años, ha sido respondido por una muestra representativa de 179 periodistas de la región – 87 hombres y 92 mujeres – pertenecientes a 85 medios de comunicación de ámbito local, distribuidos en los sectores de prensa impresa, radio, televisión y medios nativos digitales. Los resultados muestran que persisten las desigualdades en algunas cuestiones endémicas como las dificultades de conciliación, la brecha salarial o el techo de cristal, pero también en otros aspectos menos evidentes como el grado de satisfacción sobre la profesión, las expectativas laborales e incluso la percepción sobre las influencias y presiones en el ejercicio profesional.
Gestión de la política española en YouTube. Una asignatura pendiente
Authors: Gil Ramírez Marta , Gómez de Travesedo Rojas Ruth
Published: August 2022

El ecosistema mediático digital ha reconfigurado el modo en que la esfera política se relaciona con la sociedad civil, abriendo nuevas vías de interacción entre ambas. Esta investigación examina, mediante análisis de contenido cuantitativo y descriptivo, la gestión que realiza la política española de los vídeos publicados en YouTube. Los resultados demuestran importantes carencias en el ámbito político en cuanto al control de los contenidos y al tratamiento de la imagen que se proyecta en la plataforma, evidenciando un uso incipiente e ineficaz del canal digital como potencial medio para la interacción y el diálogo democrático con los ciudadanos.
Transparency and Quality of Information on Local Administration Websites. Study of the Spanish Case
Authors: Simelio Nuria , Herrero Gutiérrez Francisco Javier , Molina Rodríguez-Navas Pedro
Published: August 2022

This article analyses the information and content of Spanish local administration websites following the application of the Law of Transparency. The aim is to analyze in depth issues related to the information available on political representatives, the management of economic resources, information on the municipality and the tools citizens have at their disposal for their participation. The quantitative method analyses the transparency of the city councils individually from a table of widely compared 52 variables (indicators), validating their compliance or not with each during the period February to November 2018. The sample analyzed in this study consists of 605 Spanish municipalities. Although within academic literature debate already exists that focuses primarily on theoretical abstractions, this study allows us to empirically determine whether after the national approval of transparency regulation there really has been an improvement in public information for citizens to be able to hold their local governments accountable. The results indicate that, based on regional and national transparency policies, the situation is better than in the years prior to the law, although there is still much room for improvement, especially in issues related to information regarding the management of economic resources such as budgets, salaries, hiring and subsidies.
Radar XS: um telejornal sob o signo da contradição
Authors: Fillol Joana
Published: August 2022

Neste artigo, o telejornal infantil da RTP, Radar XS, lançado em setembro de 2019 e dirigido a crianças entre os oito e os 12 anos de idade, é analisado a partir das lentes da Semiótica Social e da Análise Crítica do Discurso. Tendo em conta nomeadamente o contexto em que este telejornal é produzido, bem como os signos visuais, plásticos e linguísticos presentes, procurou-se compreender qual a conceção de criança que está subjacente à sua produção, acedendo a camadas de significação escondidas no discurso. Pierre Bourdieu afirma que a figura do camponês só pode ser compreendida tendo em conta a sua relação com o citadino e com a vida urbana. Acreditamos que o mesmo acontece com a criança e com a sua relação com o adulto e o mundo adulto. Daí que o Radar XS seja analisado tendo implícita uma comparação com os telejornais dos adultos. Resgatámos, ainda, de Bourdieu, o seu entendimento do espaço de comunicação como mercado simbólico, atendendo às relações de poder que se manifestam no ato comunicativo: quem fala? Que legitimidade tem para falar? Que ideologia está implícita à mensagem? Que espaço é dado ao interlocutor? Concluímos que o Radar XS é um objeto antagónico que, por um lado, veicula uma visão da criança como sujeito de direitos limitados, mas, por outro, a empodera.
Rebuilding investigative journalism. Collaborative journalism: sharing information, sharing risk
Authors: Coelho Pedro , Rodrigues Inês Alves
Published: August 2022

This article details the role of collaborative journalism during the process of rebuilding investigative journalism at its core thus assuring enduring investment in its quality.

We will start by characterizing the concepts of investigative journalism and collaborative journalism, using leading scholars in both of these complementary areas; we will, then, identify the pressures that constrains investigative journalism, and analyse how journalistic collaboration has a potential for resistance that can protect both investigative journalism and the journalists who practice it.

Our article path will be complemented with the case study of the “Daphne Project”, the first project of the consortium “Forbidden Stories”, the international platform created by Laurent Richard. This project will be characterized through a documentary analysis and with interviews we conducted with both its founder, Laurent Richard, and Mathew Caruana Galizia, the son of Daphne Caruana Galizia, the Maltese journalist murdered on October 16th 2017, during her investigations.

The Daphne Project was created for the purpose of keeping alive stories of journalists who have been killed, imprisoned or, for some reason, were unable to pursue their investigations.

Not only does collaborative journalism protect investigative journalism and investigative journalists, but cross-borders collaboration also allows “sharing the risk across a wide range of international players” (Sambrook, 2017).

If the absolute exposure of the lonely investigative journalist turns him/her into a target in territories where freedom of speech is threatened, the murder of this Maltese journalist, followed by the murder of Slovakian Ján Kuciak, in 2018, placed Europe as an unlikely set on the risk map.

While acknowledging the problems caused by international consortium of journalists, this research highlights, above all, how these partnerships, anchored in "radical sharing" (Guevara, 2016), are contributing to enhance investigative journalism.
Perceções sobre a provedoria de informação aos decisores e as funções de comunicação estratégica em Portugal: resultados do European Communication Monitor 2018
Authors: Sebastião Sónia Pedro , Spínola Susana Carvalho
Published: August 2022

Este artigo tem como principal objetivo retratar as perceções dos profissionais de relações públicas e comunicação que atuam em Portugal sobre a sua profissão, funções que desempenham e a provedoria de informação aos decisores. Recorre-se a uma abordagem dedutiva e ao método quantitativo assente na realização de um inquérito por questionário aplicado a nível europeu nos meses de fevereiro e março de 2018. A amostra respondente (n=117) declara-se satisfeita com as funções que desempenha, apesar dos salários considerados baixos e de elevados níveis de stress. Os resultados evidenciam, ainda, a predominância da provedoria de informação de monitorização, de natureza passiva e responsiva.
Comunicación de información y conocimiento sobre Covid-19: Análisis de sitios web de universidades españolas y brasileñas
Authors: Medina-González Viena , Puerta-Díaz Mirelys , Almansa-Martínez Ana
Published: August 2022

La comunicación institucional juega un papel central ante situaciones de crisis sanitarias, siendo los sitios web herramientas clave para la comunicación de riesgos. El uso eficiente de dichas plataformas permite a las universidades fomentar la transparencia y fortalecer las relaciones de confianza con su comunidad en escenarios de pandemia. El presente trabajo realiza un análisis comparativo entre sitios web de universidades españolas y brasileñas sobre la información y el conocimiento que comunican en relación al Covid-19. Para ello se aborda el tema de la comunicación del conocimiento, los elementos identificativos de esta comunicación en los sitios web de las universidades y los enfoques en situaciones de riesgo. La investigación es de tipo descriptiva-analítica con un enfoque mixto. Es un estudio de caso sustentado en el análisis de contenido, además de la revisión bibliográfica y el análisis documental. La herramienta utilizada fue Wayback Machine, que permitió analizar los cambios en los enfoques de comunicación y el comportamiento de las publicaciones sobre Covid-19 según el histórico de los sitios web. A pesar de la diferencia de contextos, se destacan las convergencias entre las prácticas comunicativas de los sitios analizados, principalmente desde la divulgación de contenidos sobre las iniciativas y proyectos y las alternativas de interacción con los públicos. Por medio de estos espacios de comunicación, las universidades han dado una imagen de institución clave en los cambios sociales, así como el apoyo y los beneficios que pueden aportar desde el cumplimiento de su responsabilidad social mediante la relación universidad-sociedad.
Hard and Soft Communication
Authors: Eco Umberto
Published: August 2022

Umberto Eco´s Lecture at Festival della Comunicazione di Camogli in 2014
Desinformación Populista en Redes Sociales: la Tuitosfera del Juicio del Procés
Authors: Llorca Elena , Fabregat-Cabrera Maria-Elena , Ruiz-Callado Raúl
Published: August 2022

Este artículo explora el fenómeno de la desinformación populista en el espacio online, utilizando como caso de estudio la conversación en Twitter sobre el juicio del Procés. A través de una muestra de 175.977 tuits publicados durante 2019 y de la segmentación de usuarios en categorías, se identificó a los actores principales y se utilizó el análisis de trigramas y de frecuencia de términos para extraer los contenidos más relevantes. Los resultados muestran la gran movilización ciudadana liderada por organizaciones civiles independentistas y movimientos de base popular como el Tsunami Democrátic, frente al papel secundario de partidos políticos y medios de comunicación, así como la adhesión marginal de las instituciones públicas a los hashtags que canalizaron la conversación online. Se comprueba cómo las consignas políticas e ideológicas de independentistas y unionistas definieron la conversación, dejando la discusión sobre cuestiones objetivas de carácter jurídico y político en segundo plano y contribuyendo con ello a la confusión en torno a conceptos como democracia o autodeterminación. Se identifican espacios proclives a la generación y difusión de desinformación populista en dos segmentos de la muestra: la clasificada como población unionista y el sector más radicalizado de la población independentista. El discurso de los primeros es protagonizado por la indignación por los disturbios callejeros posteriores a la sentencia y por la defensa de las actuaciones policiales; el de los segundos, por las llamadas a la desobediencia civil y el enfrentamiento contra el Estado español y contra los propios políticos catalanes. Se detectan fuerzas en el espacio online que son prácticamente invisibles fuera del mundo online, y emerge el concepto de demótica como oposición a la política. Los resultados obtenidos contribuyen a un mejor conocimiento del fenómeno de la desinformación online y su relación con el discurso populista.
A Ilustração Portuguesa e a cobertura das eleições presidenciais da I República em Portugal
Authors: Azevedo Celiana , Sousa Jorge Pedro , Cardoso Fátima Lopes
Published: August 2022

Em Portugal, a República foi imposta por uma revolução quando, passados mais de sete séculos de Monarquia, o chefe de Estado passou a ser eleito. Apesar do interesse de que se reveste o estudo do comportamento da imprensa nas eleições para a Presidência, durante a I República Portuguesa (5 de outubro de 1910 a 28 de maio de 1926), trata-se de uma temática ainda não abordada na história do jornalismo português, maioritariamente, interessada em eleições presidenciais recentes.
Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo geral contribuir para um maior entendimento deste campo de pesquisa. Para isso, foi analisada a cobertura feita pela Ilustração Portuguesa (1903-1924) combinando uma investigação com abordagem quantitativa e qualitativa do discurso das revistas, articulando a deteção, a recolha e a análise dos dados dos dois números anteriores e posteriores às datas de cada eleição.
O estudo concluiu que as eleições presidenciais na I República tiveram forte repercussão e um elevado valor como notícia; foram acontecimentos de grande simbolismo político, social e cultural, à semelhança das entronizações nas monarquias; tendo em conta a época e considerando o carácter independente da publicação, as coberturas foram essencialmente descritivas, pouco analíticas e interpretativas; centraram-se na “pessoalização” com forte recurso à fotografia de retrato; o discurso apresentou o desencanto com a I República, em especial, com as dissensões e lutas no campo político, frequentemente violentas; e, em alguns casos, cada eleição presidencial foi enquadrada num discurso voltado para o futuro e sempre elogioso para cada um dos novos chefes de Estado.
Gendered television use of diaspora youth in Flanders (Northern Belgium): an audience research
Authors: Adriaens Fien Anna
Published: August 2022

This article focuses on the television use of second generation Turkish and Moroccan youth living in Flanders (Northern-Belgium) in the context of their everyday life and family dynamics. By means of four in-depth focus group interviews with twenty-four diaspora youngsters, TV use is discussed in terms of TV access, the social viewing context of the home, TV related communication and struggles over programme choices within diaspora families. This article particularly aims at a better understanding of how TV use articulates and shapes family relations, friendships and identities in the everyday life of diaspora adolescents, while paying special attention to gender differences. Results show remarkable gender differences in terms of private access, the social viewing context and power struggles concerning television viewing. Television use of diaspora adolescents articulates and shapes hybrid identities, friendships and family relations while it is also being defined by them.
Organización y rutinas del periodismo político en la prensa española de referencia
Authors: Rodríguez-Polo Xosé Ramón , Santillán Buelna José Ramón
Published: August 2022

El presente artículo forma parte de un proyecto de investigación en curso que busca determinar la cultura profesional del periodismo político español. En este texto abordamos el estudio de la organización del trabajo y las rutinas profesionales presentes en el proceso de producción de la información política en la prensa española de referencia. Basándonos en las entrevistas en profundidad realizadas a los responsables de política de los diarios El País, El Mundo y Abc, presentamos una descripción analítica de las principales tendencias que caracterizan la organización, el funcionamiento y la toma de decisiones. El conocimiento del trabajo de los periodistas nos permite comprender mejor las formas en que la prensa construye la política.
The boom and the establishment of “blogs” in online regional press in Spain
Authors: Carrillo Mª Victoria , Castillo Ana , Jiménez-Fernández Concepción María
Published: August 2022

This article presents a comparative study about the evolution of the use of blogs in Spanish regional press to analyse if the performance of blogs has changed significantly on the basis of the content and the level of updating in recent years. A first analysis was conducted in 2006 when the boom of this phenomenon. Following a new analysis in 2009, this work carries out a comparison of the evolution of the same performance parameters in both years. It can be stated that no clear evolution patterns exist, that the number of blogs has no relation with the updating of these in either of the periods (the beginning period or the establishment period) and that the main difference detected is that in 2006 more attention was paid to the personal contents that provided blogs with the indisputable character of a tool for personal expression, while in 2009 bloggers appeared to be more interested in what is local and current.
O niilismo de Cláudia Tomaz como prenúncio de um cinema português centrado no miserabilismo humano
Authors: Pereira Ana Catarina
Published: August 2022

Cláudia Tomaz é uma das representantes de uma nova geração de realizadores portugueses que começa a filmar nos últimos anos do século XX. Após ter terminado a licenciatura em Ciências da Comunicação, pela Universidade Nova de Lisboa, teve oportunidade de trabalhar com algumas das maiores referências cinematográficas nacionais, como Paulo Rocha, Pedro Costa e José Álvaro Morais. Realizou várias curtas-metragens financiadas pela Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian, documentários experimentais de produção independente e duas longas-metragens - Noites (prémio de melhor filme na semana da crítica no Festival de Veneza, em 2000) e Nós (prémio Bocallino no Locarno Film Festival, em 2003, na Suíça). Reside actualmente em Londres e não considera, de todo, a hipótese de voltar a Portugal.

O presente artigo é uma proposta de análise fílmica centrada na primeira longa-metragem de Cláudia Tomaz. A metodologia utilizada não será, no entanto, a mais tradicional, no sentido da identificação da Escola a que a realizadora pertence, no estudo detalhado dos planos e técnicas utilizados ou numa análise cuidada da imagem e do som. Em vez disso, propomos uma reflexão teórica sobre os principais objectivos, valores e ideias que o filme reúne em si, sem deixar de elaborar um juízo crítico relativamente ao filme e à evolução que o percurso cinematográfico da realizadora conheceu nos últimos anos. Destacando aqueles que consideramos serem os principais traços de um estilo e identidade da realizadora, reflectimos ainda sobre a presença das mesmas características numa cinematografia nacional dominante.
Agenda da mídia impressa brasileira durante o período eleitoral de 2010: a visibilidade dos temas políticos, sociais e de entretenimento
Authors: Cervi Emerson Urizzi , Massuchin Michele Goulart
Published: August 2022

Este artigo apresenta a análise dos temas que ganharam espaço e visibilidade na mídia impressa brasileira durante a campanha eleitoral de 2010. A preocupação com a formação da agenda da mídia parte do pressuposto de que os meios de comunicação são considerados como os principais mediadores entre os acontecimentos e leitores, principalmente oferecendo subsídios informacionais que podem ser usados como base para a formação da opinião pública. Para esta pesquisa foram coletadas todas as entradas de primeira página, durante o período eleitoral – julho a outubro de 2010 – de três jornais diários brasileiros de diferentes abrangências. Por meio da metodologia quantitativa de análise de conteúdo, a pesquisa permite observar quais os temas que mais apareceram na capa dos jornais, que é a página de maior visibilidade, identificando ainda o espaço que eles ocuparam, a abrangência das chamadas e os tipos formatos, comparando os resultados obtidos para os três periódicos.
Audience Behavior after the Advertising Blackout in Spain: a first balance
Authors: Quintas Natalia
Published: August 2022

The first of January 2010 the abolishment of commercial advertising took place in the Spanish Television. This study analyzes how it has affected the situation to the Spanish audience (public and private generalist channels), as well as to relate the audience share with the time of advertising scheduled in these channels
Televisión, identidad y memoria: representación de la guerra civil española en la ficción contemporánea
Authors: Fajardo Elena Galán , Laffond José Carlos Rueda
Published: August 2022

La Guerra Civil española sigue siendo un hito recurrente en el imaginario colectivo y ha sido frecuentemente utilizada para debatir temas del presente. La televisión, desde la Transición política, ha ejercido un importante papel como agente de memoria. Sin embargo, en las dos últimas décadas se ha detectado un descenso del número de ficciones televisivas computing ubicadas en este período (1936-1939).
Esta investigación se centra en el análisis de la representación de la guerra española en tres ficciones emitidas por canales generalistas en el siglo XXI: Temps de silenci (TVE-1, 2001), Amar en tiempos revueltos (TVE-1, 2005) –basada en la anterior–, y Plaza de España (TVE-1, 2011). Las tres están directamente vinculadas a unas coordenadas espacio-temporales desde las que se ofrece una mirada al pasado en clave de presente. Las dos primeras lo hacen en formato de telenovela (bajo una idiosincrasia muy particular) y en ellas la guerra es tan sólo referenciada para hablar de la posguerra, mientras que en la tercera, se propone una visión cómica, distanciada y despolitizada.