bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EVALUATION OF INNOVATIONS IN ENTERPRISES: THEORETICAL ASPECTS
Authors:   Professor at the Department “Economics of the Firm” of the Economic Research Institute at the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Chobanova Rossitsa
Published: October 2023

Innovations in enterprises and their evaluation are a real and significant problem regarding the transition to a new stage of economic development, as well as the related reformulation of enterprise development strategies and corresponding governmental policy. In this regard, the article aims to systematize the different positions on this problem. The positions of representatives from schools of economic thought at Brandeis, Harvard, Oxford and the University of Chicago and followers of Schumpeter, Porter, ordoliberals, etc. are distinguished. Different objectives of the renewal process are also established, respectively, in different evaluative contexts related to competition, enterprise size, welfare, general interest, new technological paradigms, etc., on the one hand, and various causes and consequences, on the other. The positions in the Bulgarian literature are grouped as those that reject the need for a change in the goal or those that define it as necessary and according to the goal’s content. In conclusion, it is summarized that modern discussions about innovations in enterprises and their evaluation are increasingly connected with current practical needs – the initiation of competition laws, solving contemporary challenges, the result of accelerating changes in the technologies used, etc. A recommendation is made to overcome the descriptive approach to problems of modernity in the Bulgarian economic literature and move to a problem-oriented one which aims at solving the current and emerging problems.
COPYTRADING, A NEW PHENOMENON: COMPARATIVE ECONOMIC AND LEGAL OVERVIEW
Authors:   University of Molise, Fragnito Fabiana
Published: October 2023

The author focuses on the new phenomenon of copytrading, starting from a thorough knowledge of online financial trading tools. As more and more individuals have ventured into the online trade of financial instruments through new technologies and the Internet, trading has become accessible to anyone. It will be shown that operating within financial markets is not easy in the light of a series of economic techniques developed by experts in the field. This paper aims to provide an overview of the evolution of markets and therefore how the advent of the Internet and the creation of an extremely connected society is influencing the world of the stock exchange, changing actors and methods. It will especially explore the role and weight of today’s social networks in the financial markets and how, through their integration in stock exchange environments, a new trading system has developed that is increasingly open to all kinds of "investors" – recalling, for example, some start-ups engaged in a real process of "democratizing finance", thanks to their low costs and easy accessibility, like eToro. On one hand, the paper’s objective is the interdisciplinary nature of this phenomenon: economic profiles which explain its functioning and the legal consequences it generates, imposing organic regulation. The other objective relates to inexperienced traders being able to make investment choices with diligence and conscience; the paper will outline some traits of the regulatory regulation of online trading with a view to a comparison between the Italian and Bulgarian systems.
Combining ability analysis in Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L. Czern and Coss.)
Authors: H P MEENA  , H KUMAR  , J P LAL
Published: October 2023

A line x tester analysisinvolving five males(lines) and 10 female (testers) parents were carried out for five traits in Indian mustard. (Brassica juncea L. Czern & Coss.). Among the parents, MCN-75, Ornamental Rai, Rohini, Kranti, Vardan, RH-8812, and NDR-8501 were found to be significantly superior general combiners for seed yield and yield components. The cross MCN-75 x Rohini, MCN-75 x NDR-8501, MCN-75 x Vardan and MCN-73 x Krantishowed high heterosisforseed yield and some ofthe yield contributing traits. The cross MCN-75 x RH-8812, MCN-73 x Pusa Bold, Ornamental Rai x NDR-8501 and MCN-70 x RH-8813 had higher sca effects. For most of the major characters including seed yield both additive and non-additive gene action were of prime importance.
Efficacy of newer insecticides against Spodoptera litura in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)
Authors: M VENKATAIAH  , B ANIL KUMAR  , SREEDHAR CHAUHAN
Published: October 2023

Field experiments were conducted during rabi/summer season of 2010-11 and 2011-12 to evaluate the efficacy of five newer insecticides (chlorantraniliprole, flubendiamide, spinosad, thiodicarb, novaluron) with two conventional insecticides (dichlorvos and chlorpyriphos) against tobacco caterpillar, Spodoptera litura in groundnut. The experiments were conducted in a randomized block design with eight treatments and three replications. The results revealed that the maximum percentage of larval reduction and defoliation was in flubendiamide 480SC @ 150 ml/ha followed by chlorantraniliprole 20SC @ 125 ml/ha and novaluron 10EC @ 500 ml/ha. Highest dry pod yield of groundnut was recorded in flubendiamide (2650 and 2100 kg/ha) followed by chlorantraniliprole (2500 and 1983 kg/ha) and novaluron (2267 and 1958 kg/ha) as against 1750 and 1375 kg/ha in untreated control during 2010-11 and 2011-12, respectively. The maximum cost-benefit ratio of 1: 2.5 and 1: 2.13 was obtained with flubendiamide during 2010-11 and 2011-12, respectively.
Impact of commonly used agrochemicals on different fungal and bacterial bio-agents
Authors: B GAYATRI  , R UMAMAHESWARI  , M S RAO  , P PRABU  , K PRITI  , G N GRACE  , M KAMALNATH  , R RAJINIKANTH  , N VIDYASHREE
Published: October 2023

Four fungal bio-agents viz., Trichoderma harzianum, T. viride, Paecilomyces lilacinus and Pochoniachlamydosporia and four bacterial bio-agents viz., Bacillus subtilis, B. pumilus, B. amyloliquefaciens and Pseudomonas fluorescens were tested for their in vitro compatibility with five fungicides (carbendazim, captan, mancozeb, copper oxychloride and fenamidone + mancozeb) and three pesticides (carbofuran, metam sodium and acephate) at recommended doses of the pesticides and fungicides. The results revealed that carbendazim and metam sodium were highly toxic to all fungal bio-agents and copperoxychloride, mancozeb, fenamidone + mancozeb and metam sodium were highly toxic to all bacterial bio agents. T. harzianum exhibited more tolerance to captan than T. viride, P. chlamydosporia and P. lilacinus. All fungal bio-agents exhibited tolerance to carbofuran and acephate except P. chlamydosporia. Carbendazim was comparatively safer to B. subtilis, P. fluorescens and B. pumilus, but more toxic to B. amyloliquefaciens. P. fluorescens was relatively tolerant and Bacillus spp. was more sensitive to carbofuran and acephate. This study suggests that it is safe to integrate fungal bio-agents with copper oxychloride, carbofuran and acephate and bacterial bio-agents (except B. amyloliquefaciens) with carbendazimin integrated pest management (IPM) programmes.
Influence of irrigation depth and interval under drip irrigation method on productivity of rabi groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) in water scarce regions
Authors: Y PADMALATHA  , K BHARGAVI  , G NARAYANASWAMY
Published: October 2023

Due to depletion of underground water, the farmers have been facing many problems in irrigating the crops by traditional methods. In such situations, the drip method ofirrigation proved efficient. However, to identify optimum irrigation depth and suitable irrigation interval under drip method of irrigation to rabi groundnut, field experiments were conducted during rabi 2006-07 to 2007-08 with two irrigation depths viz., 10 mm and 15 mm each scheduled at 3 intervals i.e. on 2nd day, 3rd day and 4th day and were compared with traditional check-basin method. In both the years, significantly higher pod yield was recorded with 10 mm depth of irrigation, scheduled on every third day which was at par with 15 mm depth given on 3rd day and 15 mm depth of irrigation on 2nd day. Significantly lowest groundnut pod yield was with check basin method at IW/CPE 1.0, which was 187% and 21% lower than that of 10 mm depth scheduled on 3rd day during 2006-07 and 2007-08, respectively. Highest field water use efficiency was with 10 mm depth of irrigation scheduled on 3rd day during 2006-07 (7.7 kg/hamm) and 10 mm depth scheduled on 4th day during 2007-08 (5.0 kg/hamm). When the quantity of irrigation water available is equal to that of check basin method, irrigations could be scheduled with 10 mmdepth of water on every 4th day so that 136 times additional area could be brought under similar set of irrigation treatment. Thus, the reduction in pod and haulm yields with this treatment could be compensated by bringing additional area through diverting the saved water.
Seed attributes characterization and exploration of fatty acid composition in Calophyllum inophyllum L.
Authors: B PALANIKUMARAN  , K T PARTHIBAN  , R THIRUNIRAISELVAN
Published: October 2023

Thirty progenies of Calophyllum inophyllum L. commonly known as 'Undi' or 'Alexandrian laurel' werestudied for seed, oil quality as well as fatty acid profile. Among the progenies, only one progeny viz., FCRICI 14 consistently expressed superiority in all seed characteristics viz., pod length (3.95 cm), pod width (3.42 cm), seed length (2.71 cm), seed width (2.35 cm), 100-seed weight (536.26 g), germination per cent (73.00%), germination value (5.11), peak value (3.06) and oil content (55.60%). Three progenies viz., FCRICI 14 (Honnavara, Karnataka), FCRICI 2 (Nagapattinam, Tamil Nadu) and FCRICI 17 (Bhatkal, Karnataka) recorded higher oil content of 55.60, 52.33 and 51.43 per cent, respectively. The analysis of fatty acid composition revealed that the major fatty acid was oleic acid (56.42-68.25%) followed by palmitic acid (8.23-18.42%) and stearic acid (6.23 - 8.23%).
Genetic variability studies for yield attributes and foliar disease resistance in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)
Authors: R DIVYADHARSINI  , R PRABHU  , N MANIVANNAN  , P VINDHIYAVARMAN
Published: October 2023

In the present investigation, estimates of genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance were assessed for nine different characters in the F3 population derived from four groundnut crosses viz., CO 7 × GPBD 4, TMV 2 × GPBD 4, TMV Gn 13 × GPBD 4 and VRI 2 × GPBD 4. Considering the mean performance, the cross derivative CO 7 × GPBD 4 registered superiority for the characters viz., number of pods per plant, pod yield per plant (g), kernel yield per plant (g) and late leaf spot resistance. Apart from these characters, the cross VRI 2 × GPBD 4 and TMV 2 × GPBD 4 also showed superior mean performance for 100-pod weight (g) and rust score, respectively. High percentage of PCV, GCV, heritability coupled with high GAM values were recorded by number of pods per plant, 100-kernel weight (g), shelling (%), pod yield per plant (g), kernel yield per plant (g), late leaf spot score and rust score in various F3 cross derivatives. Selection would be effective for these traits in respective crosses to obtain promising progenies. Regarding the population distribution, negative skewness was observed in the cross CO 7 × GPBD 4 for 100-pod weight (g), 100-kernel weight (g), shelling (%) and sound mature kernel (%). Similarly, platykurtosis was observed for late leaf spot and rust disease scores in VRI 2 × GPBD 4. Directional selection will effectively improve the mean performance of these traits.
Genetic diversity in castor (Ricinus communis L.) pistillate lines using EST-SSR markers
Authors: B USHA KIRAN  , C LAVANYA
Published: October 2023

Genetic diversity is essential for crop genetic improvement. Genetic diversity among breeding lines helps breeders in selecting parents for hybrid production with maximumheterosis and combining useful genes in a genetic background. However, heterosis levels in castor hybrids are not up to the desired extent due to narrow range of diversity between male and female lines and development of parents from few common sources. The objective of the study was to assess the diversity and genetic relationship of castor pistillate lines using EST-SSR markers. Sixty percent of the SSR used were polymorphic and 59 alleles were observed with an average of 2.4 alleles per locus. Dice similarity coefficient of UPGMA cluster analysis was used to construct dendrogramand observed five clusters. The Dice coefficient ranged from 0.48 to 0.84. Low level of genetic variation was observed in castor at DNA level with SSR markers.
Assessment of variability for yield, component traits and reaction to foliar fungal diseases in back cross population of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)
Authors: P RAMAKRISHNAN  , N MANIVANNAN  , L MAHALINGAM
Published: October 2023

Three BC1F1 populations viz., TMV (Gn) 13 × GPBD 4, CO 7 × GPBD 4 and TMV 2 × GPBD 4 along with their parental lines of groundnut were evaluated for variability, heritability and genetic advance. High magnitude of PCV and GCV coupled with broad sense heritability and genetic advance as per cent of mean for these characters studied such as number of pods per plant, shell weight per plant, rust disease score, late leaf spot (LLS) disease score, pod yield per plant and kernel yield per plant in all the populations. So, it could be concluded that these characters were under the control of additive type of gene action and hence selection may be effective for these traits in these populations.
Association analysis for yield and component traits in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)
Authors: REENA RANI  , R K SHEORAN  , SUBHASH CHANDER
Published: October 2023

Ninety genotypes of sunflower were evaluated for the estimation of correlation and path analysis. Data were recorded for yield and its component traits viz., days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, duration of reproductive phase, plant height, stem girth, head diameter, 100-seed weight, seed filling percentage, hull content (%), protein content (%), oil content (%) and seed yield per plant (g). The seed yield per plant showed positive and significant correlation with seed filling percentage, head diameter, oil content and 100-seed weight showed negative correlation with days to 50% flowering, days to maturity and hull content. This shows that head diameter, 100-seed weight, seed filling percentage and oil content are the major yield contributing traits to be given more selection pressure for improving yield. The path coefficient analysis showed that 100-seed weight had the highest direct and positive effect on seed yield per plant followed by head diameter, plant height and oil content had positive direct effects on seed yield. So, direct selection of genotypes for seed yield through these traits may be effective.
Inheritance and allelic relationship of white rust resistance gene in the crosses of exotic and indigenous germplasm lines of Indian mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czern. and Coss.]
Authors: CHANDANA BEHERA  , DEVENDRA K YADAVA  , SUJATA VASUDEV  , NAVEEN SINGH  , NAVINDER SAINI  , H D PUSHPA  , M S YADAV  , KUMBLE V PRABHU
Published: October 2023

White rust caused by Albugo candida (Pers. ex Lev.) Kuntze is a destructive disease in many important Brassica species including Brassica juncea in India. It leads to massive yield losses with maximumdamage upto 89.8 per cent under late sown conditions due to staghead formation. Identification of diverse sources ofresistance is a prerequisite for proper cost effective and eco-friendly management of white rust in Indian mustard. Here, a combination of both exotic and indigenous sources of B. juncea was taken to study the genetics of white rust resistance. Five resistant genotypes viz., BEC144, BEC286, EC399299, Heera and BioYSR were crossed to Bio 902 (Pusa Jaikisan) an otherwise high-yielding popular variety of Indian mustard but susceptible to white rust. The F1 s of the ten crosses including reciprocals were resistant indicating the dominance nature of white rust resistance in Indian mustard. Segregation of 3 resistant: 1 susceptible plants in F2 generation showed the monogenic inheritance of white rust resistance. Further, backcross generations revealed segregation of 1 resistant: 1 susceptible plants confirming that white rust resistance is governed by a single dominant gene which can easily be transferred through backcrossing froma resistant donor to high yielding, well adapted susceptible genotypes. Crosses among the resistant donors have also been attempted to study the allelic relationship among the five resistant sources; and F2 population of all possible twenty crosses including reciprocals showed complete resistance indicating the genes for white rust resistance in these resistant sources were allelic to each other.
Influence of sulphur application on oil content and productivity of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] in Malwa Nimar of Madhya Pradesh
Authors: GOPAL RATHOR  , NEELAM CHOPRA  , BHUPENDRA H BHARGAVA  , RAJESH SOHANI  , GOPAL CHORE  , RAKESH PATEL
Published: October 2023

An on-farm study was conducted in fifteen farmers fields at Nimar area in Madhya Pradesh. Analysis of soil samples collected in year of 2015 (without sulphur application) and 2016 (with sulphur application) revealed that sulphur level in all soil samples were low (2.5 to 14.2 mean 9.23 kg/ha). Further, demonstrations showed increase in yield of soybean from 2.11 to 2.27 t/ha and oil content from 19.93 to 21.60 per cent with application of sulphur fertilizer.
Forecasting oilseeds prices in India: Case of groundnut
Authors: ASHWINI DAREKAR  , A AMARENDER REDDY
Published: October 2023

Oilseed crops contribute 13 per cent of the country's gross cropped area and 10 per cent of the value of all agricultural produce. Groundnut is the major oilseed crop accounting about 30 per cent of the total oilseeds cropped area in the country with a production share of about 36 per cent. Prices of groundnuts are highly volatile, hence farmers need a reasonable forecasting of harvest period price to decide on the acreage under groundnut. Hence, the present study aimed to build a model to forecast the groundnut prices and applied to forecast kharif harvesting season prices in major producing states viz., Gujarat, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka and Maharashtra. The prices were forecasted by using the time series data of monthly average prices for the period of 11 years (January 2006 to December 2016). ARIMAmodel introduced byBox and Jenkins (1970) which is the most widely used amongst time series models was used for predictions. R2, RMSE, MAPE, MAE and normalized BIC these parameters were used to test the reliability ofmodel. Model parameters were estimated by using the Statistical Packages for Social Sciences software. In India kharif season groundnut is harvested during the period of September to December. Forecast shows that market prices of groundnut, would be ruling in the range of ` 3,760 to 5,520 per quintal in kharif harvesting season (2017-18). Hence, using ARIMA model to forecast groundnut prices is very useful not only to farmers but in policy formulation and also in promoting efficiency of groundnut marketing. The farmers are advised to take marketing decision accordingly.
Design and evaluation of scaring devices for the management of avian pests of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.)
Authors: L SARAVANAN  , POTINENI KALIDAS  , T PHANIKUMAR  , D DWARAKA KUMAR
Published: October 2023

Birds cause extensive damage to ripening oil palm fruits. Various methods and devices were evaluated for managing this menace in the past. The scaring devices designed in the present study using Compact Disks (CDs) proved effective in reducing the damage caused by avian pests on the ripening fruit bunches of oil palm. To increase the deterrent effect of CDs, the non-reflective sides were stuck with either red or yellow or black reflective radium sheets. Onto which two circular, concentric eye spots were designed and stuck horizontally. The CDs having circular eye spots stuck on red and yellow radium sheets protected the ripening fruit bunches from further damage by birds until harvest. The statistical analysis showed that the above treatments protected the ripening bunches from bird damage by 100 per cent. Protection was 97.2 per cent in the case of CDs having circular eye spots stuck on black radium sheets. CDs having no eye spots and radium sheet protected the bunches 84.6 per cent compared to control. This finding indicated that these devices could be effectively used judiciously to protect the ripening fruit bunches until harvest from avian pests in oil palm.
Relatos de maestros principiantes
Authors: Perea Meraz Esperanza , Ugalde Mancera Guadalupe , Piña Hernández Martha Yolanda , Cortés Galván Violeta , Gómez Alarcón María de Lourde , Cabrera Olguín Estela , Rodríguez Manzanero Yotli , Chávez Campos Blanca
Published: October 2023

El libro “ Relatos de maestros principiantes” es el resultado de un proyecto sobre “seguimiento de egresados de la licenciatura en Educación Primaria”, su investigación se ha centrado en recuperar las experiencias de los maestros principiantes, quienes narran el proceso de inserción en la docencia, para así compartir los hallazgos con la comunidad normalista, los especialistas en el tema, e interesados en diseñar políticas y modelos curriculares, que buscan dar significado y saberes sobre lo que implica ser maestro. La obra muestra dieciséis ponencias de maestros egresados de la Benemérita Escuela Nacional de Maestros (BENM) quienes participaron en los encuentros de egresados correspondientes a cada generación representada; en sus cuatro capítulos se invita a la reflexión de los principales retos y dilemas que enfrentan los estudiantes al concluir la licenciatura, estos son: el examen de ingreso al servicio profesional docente, el día a día del trabajo en el aula, el contexto social como parte de la docencia, así como los primeros años de la práctica docente. En esta reflexión se intenta retomar el camino recorrido del docente en formación de la BENM para revalorar la docencia del formador del futuro maestro, desde un análisis a la narrativa de la experiencia vivida en la primera fase del ejercicio docente de los maestros noveles.
Relato de maestros principiantes II
Authors: Perea Meraz Esperanza , Piña Hernández Martha Yolanda , González Santiago Sara Lizbeth , Gómez Alarcón María de Lourdes , Trejo García Claudia Esther , Martínez Araiza Isabel
Published: October 2023

Relatos de Maestros Principiantes II coordinada por la maestra Esperanza Perea Meraz en coautoría con un equipo de académicos normalistas de la Benemérita Escuela Nacional de Maestros (BENM) recoge los resultados de la investigación de largo plazo que realizaron en años anteriores. El estudio se lleva cabo en el “Proyecto Institucional Seguimiento de Egresados”, los participantes tanto del estudio como de este libro son reconocidos profesionales en la formación de docentes. El contenido de esta obra da cuenta de importantes procesos relativos a las experiencias protagonizadas por futuros docentes egresados de las escuelas normales del país entre las generaciones de 2007 a 2018, particularizadas en una de las más antiguas y reconocidas instituciones formadoras de docentes de educación básica.
Limitations On Warfare Methods: A Brief Examination Under International Humanitarian Law
Authors: Mohamed  Hassan Samia Awad , Mohamed Ali Somia Abdelrhman
Published: October 2023

The intricate landscape of modern warfare poses multi-faceted challenges to International Humanitarian Law (IHL). This research offers a nuanced examination of the limitations of warfare methods under IHL, underpinned by a systematic literature review (SLR) and an in-depth analysis of select case studies. By leveraging the PRISMA framework, a comprehensive search through notable databases yielded 42 salient articles. The study navigated through critical events, including the Rwandan Genocide, the Syrian conflict, the Mali cultural property crisis, and the environmental aftermath of the Gulf War. Through qualitative analysis, each case study was dissected for breaches, international responses, and the IHL framework's efficacy in addressing the challenges posed. Findings underscored significant gaps in IHL's applicability and enforcement. While the Rwandan genocide elucidated the international community's inertia, the Syrian conflict spotlighted IHL's frailties amidst multi-actor wars. Mali brought the urgent need for robust cultural property protection to the fore, while the Gulf War highlighted IHL's inadequacies in preempting environmental catastrophes. This study accentuates the pressing need for revisiting, fortifying, and expanding the IHL parameters to resonate with contemporary warfare realities. It advocates for a more agile, anticipatory, and encompassing IHL that delineates rights and wrongs and guarantees redress and reparation. The synthesis of historical case insights with present-day implications offers a roadmap for a more resilient IHL, paving the way for a harmonized global response to future conflicts.
Organizational and Pedagogical Conditions for Transition to Project Management of a Preschool Educational Organization
Authors:   Nosov Magnitogorsk State Technical University,  Magnitogorsk, Russian Federation, Pustovoitova Olga V. , Shepilova Natalia A. ,   Nosov Magnitogorsk State Technical University,  Magnitogorsk, Russian Federation, Kurnikova Darya P. ,   Nosov Magnitogorsk State Technical University,  Magnitogorsk, Russian Federation, Yakovleva Larisa A. ,   Nosov Magnitogorsk State Technical University,  Magnitogorsk, Russian Federation
Published: October 2023

The Russian education system is currently undergoing a process of digital transformation at all levels. These changes are due to socio-economic development, demographic processes, needs of society, peculiarities of production, where human potential is replaced by artificial intelligence and other environmental factors that have a significant impact on the microenvironment of an educational organization. All these processes require a change in the management model, which could meet the trends in the development of society, quickly transform and modify. The article proposes a project management model, flexible, situational, as well as organizational and pedagogical conditions that contribute to the implementation and use of the developed management model in preschool educational organizations (PEO), regardless of the form of ownership (municipal, state or private). One of the most important conditions for the transition to digital management of PEO is the professional development of teachers in the field of digital education, the practical use of digital equipment and interactive platforms in the classroom, it is also very important to select management personnel, change the scheme for appointing managers who must have competencies in the field of management , marketing, economics, risk management and personnel, and not just have a set of pedagogical knowledge, skills and abilities, as it is now. However, the implementation of the project management model at the moment turns out to be difficult, the transition to it should be phased, as the first stage, the authors of the article propose the implementation of the organizational and pedagogical conditions described in the work.
EVALUATION OF COPING STRATEGIES IN STUDENTS WITH PERSONALITY TYPE D
Authors:   Research Institute of Complex Problems of Cardiovascular Diseases, Kemerovo Russian Federation, Shcheglova Anna Victorovna , Sumin Alexei Nikolaevich ,   Research Institute of Complex Problems of Cardiovascular Diseases, Kemerovo Russian Federation, Prokashko Ingrid Yuryevna ,   Kemerovo State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Kemerovo Russian Federation
Published: October 2023

Introduction. Personality type D in cardiac patients is associated with poor quality of life and poor prognosis. Since these personal characteristics are stable under dynamic observation, the question arises - are there other points of application for behavioral influences? Therefore, the aim of this study was to study the choice of coping strategies and coping intensity in young healthy individuals with personality type D. Material and methods. The study included 98 students of the medical faculty of KemGMU, 68 girls and 30 boys aged 18 to 23 years (19.1 ± 2.0 years). All surveyed people filled out psychological questionnaires to identify personality type D (DS-14) and the choice of coping strategies (“Ways of Coping Questionnaire” and “Coping Strategy Indication”). Results. Two groups were distinguished: with the presence of personality type D (n=44) and without it (n=54). In students with type D, the mean scores on the NA and SI scales were higher than in students without type D (p<0.001 in both cases). Individuals with personality type D had higher scores on the scales "Escape-avoidance" (p<0.001), "Take responsibility" (p=0.009), "Distancing" (p=0.05) of the WSQ questionnaire and "Avoidance strategy" ( p=0.007) of the CSI questionnaire. Students with type D are characterized by a pronounced preference for the "Escape-Avoidance" strategy (p<0.001). According to univariate logistic regression analysis, a 1-point increase in values on the Escape-Avoidance scale increased the chance of identifying personality type D by 1.15 times (95% CI 1.07–1.23; p<0.001). On the contrary, an increase in scores on the “Positive reassessment” scale reduced the likelihood of identifying personality type D (OR 0.98; 95% CI 0.86-0.98; p=0.005). The ROC-analysis showed that the identified association of the Escape-Avoidance coping strategy with personality type D has rather high values (AUC=0.779; 95% CI 0.688-0.870). Conclusion. Healthy medical students with personality type D have a preponderance of inadequate coping strategies. In logistic regression analysis, the independent strategies associated with personality type D are the "Escape-avoidance" strategy, and with the type of non-D - the "Positive reappraisal" strategy. These studies can serve as a basis for the development of behavioral influences in individuals with personality type D.
COMPARATIVE MONITORING OF ANTICOAGULANT THERAPY IN WOUNDED WITH LOWER LIMB DEEP VEIN THROMBOSIS
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education of the Military Medical Academy named after S.M. Kirov MO RF, St. Petersburg Russian Federation, Varavin Nikita Alexeyevich , Santakov Alexander Aleksandrovich ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education of the Military Medical Academy named after S.M. Kirov MO RF, St. Petersburg Russian Federation, Kolodyazhnaya Victoria Anatolievna ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education of the Military Medical Academy named after S.M. Kirov MO RF, St. Petersburg Russian Federation
Published: October 2023

Introduction. Deep vein thrombosis of the lower extremities (DVT) currently remains one of the most important problems affecting not only vascular surgeons, but also doctors of other specialties. Target. Carry out a comparative monitoring of methods for monitoring the effectiveness of anticoagulant therapy in the wounded using the Thrombodynamics test and determining anti-Xa activity. Materials and methods. The study included 30 wounded individuals with established DVT, hospitalized for examination and treatment at the Military Medical Academy. CM. Kirov. Against the background of treatment with enoxaparin sodium (hereinafter referred to as enoxaparin) at therapeutic doses, depending on body weight, all patients were assessed the parameters of the "Thrombodynamics" (TD) test and the determination of anti-Xa activity at the peak of the drug's action (after 3-4 hours), and on outcome (before the next injection) of the drug. Statistical data processing was carried out using the Statistica 10.0 application package. Results and discussion. A strong inverse correlation was established between the clot growth rate (V) of the TD test and the determination of anti-Xa activity at the peak (-0.777; p<0.05) and at the end (-0.715; p<0.05) of anticoagulant therapy. With the standard prescription of doses of anticoagulant therapy depending on body weight, it was found that 30% of patients did not reach the target values of the V TD test and anti-Xa activity and were in the hypercoagulable zone. Conclusion. The indicator of clot growth rate of the "Thrombodynamics" test correlates with the level of anti-Xa activity and can be used as another tool for laboratory monitoring of ongoing therapy with low molecular weight heparins (LMWH) in the wounded. The standard use of LMWH in therapeutic doses by body weight in the wounded does not always lead to the achievement of target coagulation parameters, which requires the development of a personalized approach to LMWH titration, which can be based on the indicators of TD tests and anti-Xa activity.
PERSONAL ANXIETY AS A CAUSE OF CVD AMONG YOUNG POPULATION
Authors:   Research Institute of TPM - branch of ICG SB RAS, Novosibirsk Russian Federation, Strigaleva Ksenia Andreevna
Published: October 2023

Introduction: The past decade has seen an increased research interest in anxiety disorders, in large part due to greater recognition of their burden and consequences associated with an untreated disease. Untreated anxiety is associated with significant personal and societal costs associated with frequent visits to primary and emergency care, reduced work productivity, unemployment, and deteriorating social relationships. Purpose: to study the relationship between personal anxiety (PT) and self-determination of health among young people Materials and methods: a study was conducted in 2013-2016. sampling of the population of Novosibirsk. A total of 975 persons were examined, of which 43.7% were men. A test was used to determine LT in the modification of Yu.L. Khanin. Results: 57% of men with a high level of anxiety (HUT) considered themselves not quite healthy, while with a low level of anxiety (LAT) 27%. Among females experiencing excessive anxiety, in 65% of cases they assumed poor health, while women who feel safe are 2 times less. Over-anxious young people were 2 times more likely to express complaints related to health. Moreover, excessive anxiety prevented them from taking full care of maintaining their health, both young men and women believed. Expressed anxiety also manifested itself in obsessive thoughts in the near future to get a serious illness, which was more pronounced in women. Young men were more distrustful in communicating with medical specialists and believed that they could trust only after rigorous checks. Only 14% of men who were excessively anxious felt confidence in self-checking their health, assuming that they could completely rely only on their feelings of health or ill health. However, VUT did not prevent positive emotions from interacting with medical staff, according to the men's responses. Conclusion: personal anxiety contributes to low self-esteem of the state of one's own health. On the other hand, anxiety may be associated with a delay, irregular or inconsistent seeking of medical care.
Sicherheit und Gesundheitsschutz auf der Baustelle
Authors: Muro Donato , Rahlmeyer Niklas
Published: October 2023

Neuer Ratgeber zur Sicherheit auf Baustellen Der Leitfaden geht auf die Risiken und Gefahren auf einer Baustelle ein und zeigt Möglichkeiten auf, diese Gefahren so gut es geht zu überblicken und zu umgehen bzw. zu minimieren. Alles Wissenswerte zu Baustellenverordnung und SiGePlan Behandelt werden unter anderem die Beteiligten an einem Bauvorhaben und ihre Aufgaben die Baustellenverordnung (BaustellV) die Regeln zum Arbeitsschutz auf Baustellen (RAB) der Sicherheits- und Gesundheitsschutzplan (SiGePlan) der Baustelleneinrichtungsplan Brandschutzmaßnahmen Haftungsfragen Mit praktischen Checklisten Schaubilder und Checklisten erleichtern das Verständnis. Besonders hilfreich sind die wichtigsten 20 FAQs zum Arbeitsschutz auf Baustellen. Mit Muster zur Vorankündigung Die Ausführungen der Autoren sind nicht nur auf Baustellen anwendbar, sondern auch auf sämtliche Arbeiten im Rahmen der Herstellung, Änderung, Instandsetzung und Beseitigung von baulichen Anlagen. Das Muster einer Vorankündigung gemäß § 2 BaustellV rundet den nützlichen Ratgeber für alle Verantwortlichen ab. Wegweiser für alle Baustellenverantwortlichen Bauherren, Bauleiter, Sicherheits- und Gesundheitsschutzkoordinatoren (SiGeKo) sowie Fachkräfte für Arbeitssicherheit stehen in der Verantwortung, die Sicherheit auf Baustellen sowohl objektiv als auch subjektiv zu gewährleisten. Dabei bedienen sie sich zahlreicher gesetzlicher Regelungen, unfallverhütender Vorschriften und branchenspezifischer Regelungen. Im Vordergrund steht hier vor allem die präventive Verhütung von Unfällen oder gesundheitsschädigenden Ereignissen.
The Impact of Strategies on the Vote Share of New Parties
Authors: Rachuj Martin
Published: October 2023

Can established parties influence the electoral success of new parties? To answer this research question, the author examined the relationships of 168 new parties in 18 highly developed democracies with their established competitors based on their respective election programmes and election results. His analysis of the textual similarity of these election manifestos shows that established parties can influence their competitors' election results by selectively changing the emphasis of their policies. However, competition among the parties must also be taken into account. This study thus contributes to a better understanding of the dynamics of party competition and the opportunities offered by computer-assisted textual analysis in the social sciences.
Artificial Intelligence and the Media: Revisiting Digital Dichotomy Theory
Authors: Eric Msughter Aondover , Ogechi Perpetua Aondover , Lillian Itiafa Adebija
Published: October 2023

The adoption of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in journalism and other communication practices brings up long-standing debates regarding the potentials of technological innovations for good and evil in society. Since the 20th century, when McLuhan argued that technologies help extend human capacity, media technologies have been regarded as liberating and empowering. Technologies aided human manipulation of mechanical and electronic processes in the media and communication industries. Arguably, social interactions were enhanced- extending audience reach, expanding scopes of coverage, altering the limitations of time and space, and bridging critical information gaps. By adding the power of computing to mechanical and electronic innovation of the past, as done with AI, far greater is the potential of media for good or ill in 21st-century society. The network societies are now better connected. Westernised societies are linked with those in the global south, individuals and media organisations alike are creating content. The resultant gluts of information further intensify the nature of global and social challenges. Given digital divide concerns being accelerated by AI, the Digital Dichotomy Theory (DD-Theory) is proposed towards understanding the inherent global media communication dynamics.
Volatile Aromatic Flavor Compounds in Yogurt: A Review
Authors: Krastanov Albert , J. Yeboah Philip , Dulari Wijemanna Namesha , S. Eddin Abdulhakim , D. Ayivi Raphael , A. Ibrahim Salam
Published: October 2023

Lactic acid bacteria are of great importance in the production of yogurt worldwide, yet very little is still known about the mechanisms of aroma formation in foods subjected to lactic acid fermentation. However, advances in the Adolfsson development of instrument methods have made it possible to avoid some of the difficulties in extracting flavoring substances from the otherwise complex matrix of lactic acid products. In this chapter, we present recent developments related to the impact of yogurt starter cultures on the production of the aromatic components in yogurts. In addition, we examine and characterize the aromatic compounds based on the chemical structures and discuss modern analytical techniques for yogurt analysis. As described in this chapter, a large number of flavoring substances can be studied, isolated, and identified with the help of advanced instrument analysis such as synthetic fibers for solid-phase extraction (SPME) and gas chromatography combined with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). These techniques can help us reach a more advanced level of understanding of the importance of specific strains for obtaining the desired sensory qualities of fermented, lactic acid products. At a more advanced stage, these analyses could allow scientists to develop rapid methods for determining the quality and authenticity of lactic acid products based on the aromatic-metabolic profile of starter cultures in the final product.
Electrochemical Techniques for the Detection of Heavy Metals
Authors: Ur Rehman Afrasiab , Hakim Shah Abdul , Ur Rahman Atta , Ur Rahman Fida , Ali Sher , Ur Rehman Atta , Ullah Raza , Ullah Ikram , Fayaz Muhammad , Shi Keying
Published: October 2023

The present chapter emphases on the approach of electrochemical sensor of metallic oxide nanocomposites to sense/detect heavy metal ions. Several methods have been incorporated with modified electrode for the sensing/detection of heavy metal ions. Among these methods square wave anodic stripping voltammetry method and differential normal pulse voltammetry method have been tested and being recommended for the individual analysis as well as simultaneous analysis of heavy metal ions by various researchers. We also endorse the said methods as the best choice for sensing of heavy metal ions however the material phase (plane) is also of specific importance in this regard. We suggest that these methods may be practiced by chemical industries the main sources of heavy metal ions waste. Furthermore, the statistical approach for the detection limit (3σ method) has been illustrated in the last paragraph of this unit.
Heavy Metals’ Poisoning in Farm Animals
Authors: Acheampong Selina
Published: October 2023

Heavy metals are metallic elements with a high density compared to water that are found in trace amounts in a variety of matrices. Mercury poisoning can cause brain damage, skin damage, and increase risk of cancer development. Mercury-poisoned animals cannot produce meat, liver, or kidneys fit for human consumption. Heavy metals can cause cell dysfunction and toxicity by attaching to protein sites and displacing the original metals from their native binding sites. Reducing input/output ratio of heavy metals in animals should be the main objective of effective solutions. Electro-remediation involves running an electric current through liquid manure to cause metal ions to precipitate on an electrode.
Challenges for Nursing in Future Trends and Developments
Authors: Xavier Sandra , Nunes Lucília
Published: October 2023

Nurses based on a fundamental moral value which is the interest of the person—therefore, actions and interventions must take into account the needs and interests of the Other. This chapter discusses four challenges, moving from nursing epistemology to research-based practices. It is necessary to emphasize knowledge to establish a robust connection between the nurses’ fields of activity. We also discuss the challenges associated with technology in learning and teaching, in telenursing or clinical nursing. The third choice we made is to enrich the development of emotional skills by sharing components and dimensions. The emotional competence was first studied in a clinical context before being extrapolated to teaching and management. To be more precise, emotional competence belongs to the subject himself as the first resource. In the fourth challenge, the environment and the world are seen from a broader perspective. We question whether improving literacy is relevant to empowering people and citizens to promote and fight for safe care and a sustainable and peaceful environment in the context of “One Health” and “One Ethics.” These four trends are both challenges and horizons. Furthermore, as we approach any horizon, it gets closer until we reach a new starting point.
Adaptive Textile Façade Systems – The Experimental Works at D1244
Authors: Blandini Lucio , Eisenbarth Christina , Haase Walter , Jeong Moon-Young , Voigt Michael , Roth Daniel , Cazan Arina , Matheou Maria
Published: October 2023

Adaptive façade systems are a promising approach to achieve a dynamic response to varying weather conditions and to individual user demands. Within the framework of the Collaborative Research Center (CRC) 1244 at the University of Stuttgart the use of adaptive systems and the related architectural potential is explored with the aim of reducing the consumption of natural resources as well as waste generation and hazardous emissions. The targeted parameters for the façade design include solar radiation, temperature, wind speed, relative humidity, daylighting, and user interaction. To generate an experimental platform for the research work, a 36.5 m high adaptive experimental tower, D1244, has been designed and built on the University campus. The temporary façade of the tower is currently being replaced floor by floor, in order to validate different research approaches. The first implemented façades focus on textile systems, because of their lightweight and the different functions that can be easily integrated. Further material systems will be investigated in the next future.
Exercise Interventions for the Management of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): An Update of the Literature
Authors: Vizza Lisa
Published: October 2023

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) affects 6–10% women of reproductive age, and the diagnosis requires two of the three criteria: (1) menstrual irregularity; (2) polycystic ovaries on ultrasound; (3) elevated hormones (such as testosterone). Approximately 50–70% women have underlying insulin resistance and/or have a body mass index (BMI) greater than 28.0 kg/m2, and if not managed, it can worsen the symptoms of PCOS. The first line of treatment for PCOS includes lifestyle management such as diet and/or exercise. Previous studies evaluated interventions such as aerobic, aerobic plus resistance and high intensity aerobic. These interventions formed part of the initial guidelines for the management of PCOS, although the guidelines did not include recommendations of resistance training in isolation. More recently, new studies have emerged which assessed resistance training interventions in isolation in PCOS, where these findings led to an update in the guidelines in PCOS to recommend resistance training as part of the management. The chapter will look to provide an update of the exercise literature in PCOS, as well as provide recommendations for future research.
Organizational Culture as an Analytical Perspective on ‘Organizational Failure’
Authors: Maeda Kazuyuki
Published: October 2023

Under the knowledge-based economy, the new public management demands that the university as a source of wealth and well-being functions as an ‘organization’. However, university reform has not functioned smoothly, and a situation of hybridisation has emerged, where heterogeneous ideologies of managerialism and collegiality coexist. Oliver Williamson states that ‘the organizational failures’ result when bounded rationality and opportunism, which are human nature, combine with environmental factors. And the current situation of hybridisation suggests the importance of focusing on the organizational culture that defines the mindset of organizational members. This paper proposes the ‘organizational paradigm’ as an analytical framework that integrates the thinking and behavioural styles of university members into the typology of organizational culture based on the Competing Values Framework by Cameron et al. and refers to the importance of organizational culture in university organizational reform through verification with the author’s findings of quantitative analysis in Japanese universities.