bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Food Intake during School Lunch Is Better Explained by Objectively Measured Eating Behaviors than by Subjectively Rated Food Taste and Fullness: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Fagerberg Petter , Langlet Billy , Glossner Andrew , Ioakimidis Ioannis
Published: March 2019

School lunches contribute significantly to students’ food intake (FI) and are important to their long-term health. Objective quantification of FI is needed in this context. The primary aim of this study was to investigate how much eating rate (g/min), number of food additions, number of spoonfuls, change in fullness, food taste, body mass index (BMI), and sex explain variations in school lunch FI. The secondary aim was to assess the reliability of repeated FI measures. One hundred and three (60 females) students (15–18 years old) were monitored while eating lunch in their normal school canteen environment, following their usual school schedules. A subgroup of students (n = 50) participated in a repeated lunch (~3 months later). Linear regression was used to explain variations in FI. The reliability of repeated FI measurements was assessed by change in mean, coefficient of variation (CV), and intraclass correlation (ICC). The regression model was significant and explained 76.6% of the variation in FI. Eating rate was the strongest explanatory variable, followed by spoonfuls, sex, food additions, food taste, BMI, and change in fullness. All explanatory variables were significant in the model except BMI and change in fullness. No systematic bias was observed in FI (−7.5 g (95% CI = −43.1–28 g)) while individual students changed their FI from −417 to +349 g in the repeated meal (CV 26.1% (95% CI = 21.4–33.5%), ICC 0.74 (95% CI = 0.58–0.84)). The results highlight the importance of objective eating behaviors for explaining FI in a school lunch setting. Furthermore, our methods show promise for large-scale quantification of objectively measured FI and eating behaviors in schools.
Serum Concentration of Genistein, Luteolin and Colorectal Cancer Prognosis
Authors: Jiang Ruijingfang , Poschet Gernot , Owen Robert , Celik Muhabbet , Jansen Lina , Hell Rüdiger , Hoffmeister Michael , Brenner Hermann , Chang-Claude Jenny
Published: March 2019

Although flavonoid phytoestrogens have been suggested to be associated with reduced risk of colorectal cancer (CRC), their influence on CRC prognosis remains uncertain. A population-based cohort of 2051 patients diagnosed with stage I–III CRC in southwest Germany in 2003–2010 were followed for five years. Post-diagnostic serum concentration of genistein and luteolin were measured using Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography with mass spectrometry. Multivariable Cox regression analysis was conducted to calculate the Hazard Ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for the association between flavonoids concentration and overall morality, CRC-specific mortality, CRC recurrence, and disease-free survival (DFS). Median (interquartile range) serum concentration of genistein and luteolin was 11.90 ng/µL (10.08–14.13) and 7.20 ng/µL (6.40–8.16), respectively. Neither serum genistein nor luteolin was associated with CRC prognosis. There was no clear evidence of departure from linearity. However, the association might be differential by adjuvant chemotherapy. Associations pointed towards lower risk in patients who received chemotherapy and higher risk in those without chemotherapy for overall mortality regarding serum genistein (P-interaction = 0.02) and correspondingly for CRC recurrence (P-interaction: 0.03) and DFS (P-interaction: 0.01) with respect to luteolin. Our study provides little evidence that serum genistein and luteolin are associated with colorectal cancer prognosis. Future studies are warranted to evaluate the potential interaction with adjuvant chemotherapy.
Association of a Priori-Defined Dietary Patterns with Anthropometric Measurements: A Cross-Sectional Study in Mexican Women
Authors: Sahrai Mohammad Sediq , Huybrechts Inge , Biessy Carine , Gunter Marc James , Romieu Isabelle , Torres-Mejía Gabriela , Dossus Laure
Published: March 2019

This cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate associations between a priori defined dietary patterns and anthropometric measures in Mexican women. A total of 1062 women aged 35 to 69 years old from the control participants of the CAMA (Cancer de Mama) study, a multi-center population-based case-control study on breast cancer conducted in Mexico, were interviewed and dietary intakes were assessed using questionnaires. The following indices were derived from these data: Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) score, the Healthy Eating Index (HEI), the Mediterranean Diet Score (aMED), the Diet Quality Index (DQI), glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL). Adjusting for age, center, educational level, physical activity and energy intake, a high GI was positively associated with a higher body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC). Higher adherence to aMED was associated with lower WC and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) but no significant association was observed with other a priori dietary patterns. In this population of Mexican women, higher adherence to Mediterranean diet was associated with lower WC but other a priori dietary scores appeared to be of limited value in exploring the association between diet and anthropometric measures.
Baricitinib: A 2018 Novel FDA-Approved Small Molecule Inhibiting Janus Kinases
Authors: Mayence Annie , Vanden Eynde Jean Jacques
Published: March 2019

In 2018, Baricitinib was approved by the Food and Drig Administration (FDA) for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Baricitinib exerts its action by targeting Janus kinases (JAK). In this study, we describe the necessary steps for preparing the drug using two alternative routes.
Hexagonal and Square Patterned Silver Nanowires/PEDOT:PSS Composite Grids by Screen Printing for Uniformly Transparent Heaters
Authors: He Xin , Shen Gengzhe , Xu Ruibin , Yang Weijia , Zhang Chi , Liu Zhihao , Chen Bohua , Liu Junyan , Song Mingxia
Published: March 2019

Transparent conductive films with hexagonal and square patterns were fabricated on poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) substrates by screen printing technology utilizing a poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) and silver nanowire (Ag NWs) composite ink. The printing parameters—mesh number, printing layer, mass ratio of PEDOT:PSS to Ag NWs and pattern shape—have a significant influence on the photoelectric properties of the composite films. The screen mesh with a mesh number of 200 possesses a suitable mesh size of 74 µm for printing clear and integrated grids with high transparency. With an increase in the printing layer and a decrease in the mass ratio of PEDOT:PSS to Ag NWs, the transmittance and resistance of the printed grids both decreased. When the printing layer is 1, the transmittance and resistance are 85.6% and 2.23 kΩ for the hexagonal grid and 77.3% and 8.78 kΩ for the square grid, indicating that the more compact arrangement of square grids reduces the transmittance, and the greater number of connections of the square grid increases the resistance. Therefore, it is believed that improved photoelectric properties of transparent electrodes could be obtained by designing a printing pattern with optimized printing parameters. Additionally, the Ag NWs/PEDOT:PSS composite films with hexagonal and square patterns exhibit high transparency and good uniformity, suggesting promising applications in large-area and uniform heaters.
Analysis of the Process Parameters for Obtaining a Stable Electrospun Process in Different Composition Epoxy/Poly ε-Caprolactone Blends with Shape Memory Properties
Authors: Iregui Alvaro , Irusta Lourdes , Martin Loli , González Alba
Published: March 2019

In this work Poly ε-caprolactone (PCL)/ Diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) blends were electrospun and the obtained mats were UV cured to achieve shape memory properties. In the majority of studies, when blends with different compositions are electrospun, the process variables such as voltage or flow rate are fixed independently of the composition and consequently the quality of the fibers is not optimized in all of the range studied. In the present work, using the design of experiments methodology, flow rate and voltage required to obtain a stable process were evaluated as responses in addition to the fiber diameter and shape memory properties. The results showed that the solution concentration and amount of PCL played an important role in the voltage and flow rate. For the shape memory properties excellent values were achieved and no composition dependence was observed. In the case of fiber diameter, similar results to previous works were observed.
Estimating Rangeland Forage Production Using Remote Sensing Data from a Small Unmanned Aerial System (sUAS) and PlanetScope Satellite
Authors: Liu Han , Dahlgren Randy A. , Larsen Royce E. , Devine Scott M. , Roche Leslie M. , O’ Geen Anthony T. , Wong Andy J.Y. , Covello Sarah , Jin Yufang
Published: March 2019

Rangelands cover ~23 million hectares and support a $3.4 billion annual cattle industry in California. Large variations in forage production from year to year and across the landscape make grazing management difficult. We here developed optimized methods to map high-resolution forage production using multispectral remote sensing imagery. We conducted monthly flights using a Small Unmanned Aerial System (sUAS) in 2017 and 2018 over a 10-ha deferred grazing rangeland. Daily maps of NDVI at 30-cm resolution were first derived by fusing monthly 30-cm sUAS imagery and more frequent 3-m PlanetScope satellite observations. We estimated aboveground net primary production as a product of absorbed photosynthetically active radiation (APAR) derived from NDVI and light use efficiency (LUE), optimized as a function of topography and climate stressors. The estimated forage production agreed well with field measurements having a R2 of 0.80 and RMSE of 542 kg/ha. Cumulative NDVI and APAR were less correlated with measured biomass ( R 2 = 0.68). Daily forage production maps captured similar seasonal and spatial patterns compared to field-based biomass measurements. Our study demonstrated the utility of aerial and satellite remote sensing technology in supporting adaptive rangeland management, especially during an era of climatic extremes, by providing spatially explicit and near-real-time forage production estimates.
Long-Term Land Cover Dynamics (1986–2016) of Northeast China Derived from a Multi-Temporal Landsat Archive
Authors: Zhao Yuanyuan , Feng Duole , Yu Le , Cheng Yuqi , Zhang Meinan , Liu Xiaoxuan , Xu Yidi , Fang Lei , Zhu Zhiliang , Gong Peng
Published: March 2019

Northeast China is a major grain production area, an ecological important forest area, and the largest old industrial base which is now suffering from economic growth slowdown and brain drain. Accurate and long-term dynamic land cover maps are highly demanded for many regional applications. In this study, we developed a set of continuous annual land cover mapping product at 30 m resolution using multi-temporal Landsat images. The maps in year 2000 and 2015 were tested using another independent validation dataset and the overall accuracies were 80.69% and 88.38%, respectively. The accuracies of the maps were improved by the integration of multi-temporal Landsat images and post-classification strategies. We found a general trend that the total area of land that experienced a change in land cover each year increased over time. The area change of each land cover type is also detected. The area of forests was 3.92 × 10 5 km 2 in 1986, fluctuated under fire disturbance, but declined in a quite high rate over the period of 1989 to 2006, and finally stayed relatively stable in area around 3.58 × 10 5 km 2 . The expansion of croplands was the leading land cover change from 1986 to 2000, and then the total area of croplands slightly declined under the Grain to Green Project of China, while shrublands, grasslands and wetlands began to increase. The area of impervious surfaces increased by more than 502% during the last three decades, and about 73% of the new built-up area was converted from croplands. We also demonstrated the our maps could capture the important land cover conversion processes, such as urbanization, forest logging activities, and agricultural expansion.
Effect of Lactamase Inhibitors on the Biosensor Penp during the Measurement of Lactam Antibiotics Concentration
Authors: Soto Dagoberto , Silva Camila , Ugalde Cristian , Wong Kwok-Yin , Leung Yun-Chung , So Lok-Yan , Andresen Max
Published: March 2019

PenP is a fluorescent biosensor of lactam antibiotics (LA). It is structurally derived from the mutant lactamase TEM-1 comprising the substitution E166C, where fluorescein is covalently linked to cysteine. The presence of LA in the medium produces a change in the intrinsic fluorescence level of the biosensor, and the integral of the fluorescence level over time correlates directly with the LA concentration. Previously, we have successfully used PenP to determine the concentration of lactam antibiotics in clinical samples. The use of lactamase inhibitors (LI) is a common strategy to enhance the effect of LA due to the inhibition of an important resistance mechanism of pathogenic microorganisms. Structurally, LI and LA share the common element of recognition of lactamases (the lactam ring), but they differ in the reversibility of the mechanism of interaction with said enzyme. Because the biological recognition domain of PenP is derived from a lactamase, LI is expected to interfere with the PenP detection capabilities. Surprisingly, this work provides evidence that the effect of LI is marginal in the determination of LA concentration mediated by PenP.
Intersection-Based Link-Adaptive Beaconless Forwarding in Urban Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks
Authors: Husain Khaleel , Awang Azlan , Kamel Nidal , Aïssa Sonia
Published: March 2019

Remote monitoring applications in urban vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs) enable authorities to monitor data related to various activities of a moving vehicle from a static infrastructure. However, urban environment constraints along with various characteristics of remote monitoring applications give rise to significant hurdles while developing routing solutions in urban VANETs. Since the urban environment comprises several road intersections, using their geographic information can greatly assist in achieving efficient and reliable routing. With an aim to leverage this information, this article presents a receiver-based data forwarding protocol, termed Intersection-based Link-adaptive Beaconless Forwarding for City scenarios (ILBFC). ILBFC uses the position information of road intersections to effectively limit the duration for which a relay vehicle can stay as a default forwarder. In addition, a winner relay management scheme is employed to consider the drastic speed decay in vehicles. Furthermore, ILBFC is simulated in realistic urban traffic conditions, and its performance is compared with other existing state-of-the-art routing protocols in terms of packet delivery ratio, average end-to-end delay and packet redundancy coefficient. In particular, the results highlight the superior performance of ILBFC, thereby offering an efficient and reliable routing solution for remote monitoring applications.
Remote Sensing of Daytime Water Leaving Reflectances of Oceans and Large Inland Lakes from EPIC onboard the DSCOVR Spacecraft at Lagrange-1 Point
Authors: Gao Bo-Cai , Li Rong-Rong , Yang Yuekui
Published: March 2019

The NASA’s Earth Polychromatic Imaging Camera (EPIC) on board the Deep Space Climate Observatory (DSCOVR) satellite has been making multiple observations of the entire sunlit Earth in a given day from the Sun-Earth Largangian L1 point since the summer of 2015. EPIC contains 10 narrow channels in the 317–780 nm solar spectral range. The data acquired with EPIC have already been used in a variety of scientific investigations, including the study of the global ozone levels, aerosol index and aerosol optical depth, UV reflectivity of clouds over land and ocean, cloud height over land and ocean, and vegetation indices. In this article, we report that EPIC data, particularly for the data measured with narrow channels centered near 443, 551, and 680 nm, can also have important applications in remote sensing of ocean color in different geographical regions. We have modified a version of a multi-channel atmospheric correction algorithm for Moderate Resolution Imaging SpectroRadiometer (MODIS) ocean color applications and adapted the algorithm for processing EPIC data. We present three case studies on water leaving reflectance retrievals from EPIC data acquired over a large turbid river, inland lakes, and oceans. We conclude that a future ocean color instrument on board a satellite at the L1 point, which provides continuous view of the full sunlit disk of the Earth, will complement and extend ocean color observations with the low Earth observing polar orbital and geostationary satellite instruments in both the spatial and time domains.
A Microscale Linear Phased-Array Ultrasonic Transducer Based on PZT Ceramics
Authors: Jiang Xue-Jiao , Liu Meng-Wei , Shi Fang-Fang , Wang Wen , Wu Xian-Mei , Chen Jia-Yi
Published: March 2019

In this paper, a microscale high-frequency ultrasonic transducer was prepared by combining traditional planar ultrasonic phased-array technology and micro processing technology. The piezoelectric ceramic material PZT was used as the functional material of the transducer. The number of the arrays was 72, the width of each array was 50 μm, the pitch of each array was 70 μm, and the length of each array was 3 mm. The PZT chip was finely ground to a thickness of 130 μm and could reach a frequency of 10 MHz. The experimental platform of micron-scale precision was set up for a beam-forming lateral sound field test and imaging experiment to validate the theoretical analysis. The echo imaging test showed that a mold with a feature size of about 400 μm could be imaged well.
HABITAT: An IoT Solution for Independent Elderly
Authors: Borelli Elena , Paolini Giacomo , Antoniazzi Francesco , Barbiroli Marina , Benassi Francesca , Chesani Federico , Chiari Lorenzo , Fantini Massimiliano , Fuschini Franco , Galassi Andrea , Giacobone Gian Andrea , Imbesi Silvia , Licciardello Melissa , Loreti Daniela , Marchi Michele , Masotti Diego , Mello Paola , Mellone Sabato , Mincolelli Giuseppe , Raffaelli Carla , Roffia Luca , Salmon Cinotti Tullio , Tacconi Carlo , Tamburini Paola , Zoli Marco , Costanzo Alessandra
Published: March 2019

In this work, a flexible and extensive digital platform for Smart Homes is presented, exploiting the most advanced technologies of the Internet of Things, such as Radio Frequency Identification, wearable electronics, Wireless Sensor Networks, and Artificial Intelligence. Thus, the main novelty of the paper is the system-level description of the platform flexibility allowing the interoperability of different smart devices. This research was developed within the framework of the operative project HABITAT (Home Assistance Based on the Internet of Things for the Autonomy of Everybody), aiming at developing smart devices to support elderly people both in their own houses and in retirement homes, and embedding them in everyday life objects, thus reducing the expenses for healthcare due to the lower need for personal assistance, and providing a better life quality to the elderly users.
Employability of Disabled Graduates: Resources for a Sustainable Employment
Authors: Magrin Maria Elena , Marini Emanuela , Nicolotti Matilde
Published: March 2019

In the frame of the psychology of sustainability, this research aims at exploring how the related concepts of risk factors, protective factors, and resilience might inform our understanding of the postgraduate outcomes of disabled youth. The number of disabled students is growing steadily, nevertheless, relatively little is known about the employment experiences and skill development of disabled youth. Following the positive primary preventive approach, this explorative research investigates the role of resilience and employability resources both in preventing perceived negative impact of disability on the employment opportunities and promoting the perception of employability. Fifty disabled students responded to an online questionnaire and their responses were compared to those of a nondisabled sample (N = 190). Motivations and meanings associated with entry into the workplace are equivalent in the two groups, but perceived impact of disability is a risk factor that hinders perceived employability. Resilience resources and soft skills show their effectiveness in reducing perceived disability impact and improving perceived employability, but between group comparison shows differences in the set of available resources. Overall, results provide insights for implementing actions to promote sustainable employment in order to foster a positive, sustainable organizational development.
Operating Charging Infrastructure in China to Achieve Sustainable Transportation: The Choice between Company-Owned and Franchised Structures
Authors: Ma Lin , Zhai Yuefan , Wu Tian
Published: March 2019

The rapid development of electric vehicles (EVs) is conducive to clean transportation, which is an important aspect of sustainable infrastructure. However, the introduction of EVs is constrained by the lagging development of EV chargers. To optimally promote the development of charging stations, we analyzed the differences in the optimal quality and quantity of EV chargers between company-owned and franchised enterprises by constructing a theoretical model, and the changes in the quality and quantity of EV chargers in different market environments are discussed. We found that the total number of franchised charging stations was larger in general, but that the quality of the franchised charging stations was worse compared with the company-owned stations. The supervision cost, operation cost, and the investment return affect the quality and quantity of EV chargers. Although franchised structures are more conducive in the initial stage to increasing the number of charging stations to meet the needs of EVs, company-owned structures perform better and will be needed to improve the quality of the EV chargers as the market becomes more saturated, necessitating a higher quality of EV chargers.
Estimation of Housing Price Variations Using Spatio-Temporal Data
Authors: Chica-Olmo Jorge , Cano-Guervos Rafael , Chica-Rivas Mario
Published: March 2019

This paper proposes a hedonic regression model to estimate housing prices and the spatial variability of prices over multiple years. Using the model, maps are obtained that represent areas of the city where there have been positive or negative changes in housing prices. The regression-cokriging (RCK) method is used to predict housing prices. The results are compared to the cokriging with external drift (CKED) model, also known as universal cokriging (UCK). To apply the model, heterotopic data of homes for sale at different moments in time are used. The procedure is applied to predict the spatial variability of housing prices in multi-years and to obtain isovalue maps of these variations for the city of Granada, Spain. The research is useful for the fields of urban studies, economics, real estate, real estate valuations, urban planning, and for scholars.
Towards Strong Sustainability Management—A Generalized PROSA Method
Authors: Ziemba Paweł
Published: March 2019

To solve decision problems related to sustainability, MCDA (Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis) methods are commonly used. However, from the methodological and practical perspective of sustainability assessment, MCDA methods have some shortcomings. To address this, the PROSA (PROMETHEE for Sustainability Assessment) method was designed. In contrast to other MCDA methods, PROSA is characterized by a lower degree of criteria compensation, thus supporting the strong sustainability paradigm. However, PROSA has some imperfections related to, among other things, its taking into consideration only basic sustainability dimensions and lack of criteria hierarchy handling. This article proposes a generalization of the PROSA method towards handling detailed criteria and their groups, while at the same time increasing the clarity of the computational procedure. Additionally, a new analytical tool called PROSA GAIA (Geometrical Analysis for Interactive Assistance) was developed, making it possible to perform descriptive analyses of decision problems. The practical advancements of the proposed method were illustrated using a reference case covering the sustainable decision making area, and were compared to other MCDA methods. The obtained research results clearly show that the generalized PROSA handles the strong sustainability paradigm better than its classical version, while at the same time providing the decision-maker with more possibilities to analyse a decision problem and its solution.
Autophagy and Noroviruses
Authors: Furlong Kevin , Hwang Seungmin
Published: March 2019

Autophagy is an essential cellular process by which a cell degrades materials within its cytoplasm. Intracellular pathogens like viruses must deal with autophagy, either positively or negatively, for their own survival and replication. For some viruses, autophagy can even play proviral roles, helping their replication or dissemination. For other viruses, including noroviruses, the exact role of autophagy is more complex. This short review seeks to summarize the known interactions between autophagy, autophagy proteins and norovirus, and to address remaining questions relevant to these interactions.
Ultrasound-Assisted Treatment of Landfill Leachate in a Sequencing Batch Reactor
Authors: Grosser Anna , Neczaj Ewa , Madela Magdalena , Celary Piotr
Published: March 2019

Purification of leachates is currently a big challenge due to their high variability in composition and amount. The complexity of the medium, namely leachates, makes new solutions highly sought after and finds the existing ones in need of optimization. The effects of ultrasound pretreatment (20 kHz, 12 µm) on biological treatment of landfill leachates in the form of processes carried out in two sequencing batch reactors were investigated. The experiment was divided into two stages. In the first stage, leachate was treated by an ultrasonic field at different sonication times (0.5, 1, 3, 5, 10 and 15 min). Next, leachates with and without conditioning were combined with municipal wastewater in the following ratios: 5, 10, 15 and 25% v/v. For optimal processing time (3 min), 16% removal of COD was achieved. In turn, the BOD5/COD ratio was 0.3, which is higher by approximately 270% than that of the non-conditioned sample. Further elongation of sonication time did not significantly affect both parameters. Also, pretreatment of leachate resulted in a maximum increase noted in the study of specific oxygen uptake rate and dehydrogenase activity of approximately 21 and 2 times compared to the non-conditioned sample. The implementation of a pretreatment step prior to the biological treatment was shown to result in higher pollutant removal efficiency. Depending on the share of leachates in the mixture, the removal enhancements of BOD, COD, and ammonium nitrogen for conditioned samples ranged from 6–48.5%, 4–48% and 11–42%, respectively. Furthermore, pretreatment of leachate allows for an increased (by up to 20%) share of leachate volume in the influent stream entering the reactor, while maintaining the quality of effluents in accordance with national regulation requirements. However, in scenarios without pretreatment, the leachate ratio cannot exceed 5% of the total wastewater due to poor quality of the effluents. The operational cost of ultrasound pretreatment of leachate was 22.58 €/(m3·g removed COD).
Matematik Dersi Öğretim Programının (Ortaokul 5-8. Sınıflar) Matematiksel Model Kullanımı Bağlamında İncelenmesi
Authors: ERDOĞAN Fatma , ELMAS Cihan
Published: March 2019

Matematik Dersi
Öğretim Programı’nda öğrencilerin kişisel, sosyal, akademik ve iş hayatlarında
ihtiyaç duyacakları yetkinliklerden birinin matematiksel yetkinlik olduğu
belirtilmektedir. Matematiksel yetkinlik, düşünme ve sunmanın (formüller,
modeller, kurgular, grafikler ve tablolar) matematiksel modlarını farklı
derecelerde kullanma becerisini içermektedir. Bu doğrultuda, araştırmada Matematik
Dersi Öğretim Programı’nın (Ortaokul 5-8. sınıflar) matematiksel model
kullanımı bağlamında incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden
doküman analizi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın verileri, 2018 yılında Talim
Terbiye Kurulunca yayımlanan Matematik Dersi Öğretim Programı’nın analizinden
elde edilmiştir. Veri analizi sürecinde programda yer alan öğrenme alanları,
kazanımlar ve kazanımlara yönelik açıklamalar matematiksel model kullanımı bakımından
incelenmiştir. Araştırma bulgularına göre, Matematik Dersi Öğretim Programı’nın hem kazanımlarında hem de
kazanımlara yönelik açıklamalarda matematiksel model kullanımına yeterli
seviyede yer verilmediği belirlenmiştir. Kazanımlardan ziyade, kazanımlara
yönelik açıklamalarda matematiksel model kullanımına daha çok yer verildiği
görülmüştür. Matematiksel model kullanımının en çok sekizinci, en az ise
altıncı ve yedinci sınıf kazanımlarında yer aldığı saptanmıştır. Ayrıca, beşinci,
yedinci ve sekizinci sınıf kazanımlarında matematiksel model kullanımının en
çok veri işleme öğrenme alanında, altıncı sınıf kazanımlarında ise geometri ve
ölçme öğrenme alanında yer aldığı belirlenmiştir.
Les interventions militaires récentes en territoire étranger : vers une remise en cause du jus contra bellum ?
Authors: Corten Olivier , Verdebout Agatha
Published: March 2019

Since the turn of the millennium, a narrative on the obsolescence of the UN Charter regime on the prohibition of the use of force and the concomitant necessity to reform the system in order to better apprehend the modern challenges has taken root in scholarship. Lately, the existential threat posed by events in Libya, Syria, Iraq, Mali, Gaza or in Ukraine on the contemporary system of collective security has been emphasized. This article aims to analyse the discourses advanced by States in these different precedents in an effort to nuance these doctrinal criticisms and fears. From a legal point of view we will in fact demonstrate that the argumentation deployed by the intervening States remained fairly classical as it was generally based on self-defence, the authorization of the Security Council or the consent of the State where the operations took place. While extensive interpretations of these legal grounds have sometimes been defended, these do not seem to have mustered the support of the international community of States as a whole. More fundamentally, the pertinence of the articles of the Charter has never frontally been questioned. In this perspective, it may be considered that the recent practice of intervention has confirmed rather than weakened the jus contra bellum.
Le coût de la justice internationale : enquête sur les aspects financiers du contentieux interétatique
Authors: Miron Alina
Published: March 2019

En dépit de l’intérêt pratique évident du sujet, il n’existe guère d’études portant sur le coût de la justice interétatique. Le présent article entend combler cette lacune. Bien que l’information soit d’un accès difficile, certaines archives parlementaires, ainsi que des articles de presse, complétés par des conversations privées, permettent d’en fournir une idée d’ensemble, ainsi qu’une ventilation par catégorie de dépenses. On constate ainsi une grande disparité entre les frais engagés par certains États dans les procédures judiciaires et arbitrales récentes, qu’aucune considération objective ne justifie. En effet, ni le choix du forum – arbitral ou judiciaire – ni la complexité de l’affaire, ni sa durée n’ont d’impact significatif sur le coût final. Au contraire, les États ont la maîtrise du budget d’une affaire, qui peut rester dans une fourchette raisonnable, à condition que le dossier soit géré avec

professionnalisme.
Le prix de la vie humaine en droit international : la réparation des dommages en cas de pertes de vies humaines dans le droit de la responsabilité internationale
Authors: Müller Daniel
Published: March 2019

L’obligation de réparer le préjudice causé par un fait internationalement illicite est solidement ancrée dans le droit de la responsabilité internationale. Mais peut-on réparer l’irréparable, à savoir la perte d’une vie humaine en raison d’une violation des obligations internationales attribuable à un État ? Il est logiquement impossible d’indemniser la vie perdue en tant que telle en raison de la caractéristique et des conséquences de ce préjudice fatal. Pour cette raison, la vie ne peut pas avoir de «prix » intrinsèque. Néanmoins, la pratique jurisprudentielle et arbitrale a consacré des solutions permettant d’offrir une compensation à certains proches du défunt, voire à l’État de nationalité de ce dernier, pour leurs dommages respectifs.
Le droit international et Internet après l’« affaire Snowden » : La recherche de nouveaux équilibres
Authors: Norodom Anne-Thida
Published: March 2019

Edward Snowden, a former employee of a subcontractor of the NSA, revealed the US monitoring and data interception programs. This case has changed International Internet Law in many aspects, including two in particular, which are discussed in this article. The Snowden affair has underlined the difficulty encountered by Law in responding to technological specificities of the Big Data. The legal protection of personal data does not always seem adapted to the volume, velocity and heterogeneity of data. While International Human Rights Law has adapted to this new context, a proper Digital Law has been deemed necessary. This essentially soft law has developed specific principles of data accuracy, purpose specification and security safeguards. The trade-offs between competing interests have evolved from the confrontation between national security and fundamental rights, to the opposition between fundamental rights and digital specificities, to the inclusion in legal instruments today of a commercial and horizontal logic in order to take into account the interests of private Net-actors in addition to those of States and their nationals. But the development of legal instruments is not sufficient and it is the whole governance model that should be redesigned. The imbalance inside Internet governance institutions for the benefit of the United States is challenged by some States and international institutions. Earlier proposals of multi-stakeholders and multilateral governance models are difficult to implement. The Snowden case has showed, firstly, that the material and institutional segmentation of governance should make way for integrated governance. Secondly, it demonstrated that against the risk of “ Net Balkanization” a distribution-based and networked logic should be developed. It is however still uncertain whether the reflections triggered by this case will lead to a more appropriate and balanced legal framework for Internet activities.
La réforme du dispositif français d’accueil et d’examen des demandes de protection
Authors: Fernandez Julian
Published: March 2019

A “ Waterloo moral”. Does the French policy regarding asylum deserve such condemnation ? Even if several international instruments deal with the registering and the examining of applications for international protection, the main part of asylum policy still depends on internal practices. And obviously, the French system suffers. Facing the increase of forced migration, it shows many failures (unequal treatments, processing delays, treatment costs) and no longer meets the European requirements. The new Asylum Act adopted in July 2015 intends to reform that national system, yet its guidelines and consequences remain uncertain and ambiguous.
Thérouanne. Les fouilles du quartier canonial
Authors: Bernard Honoré
Published: March 2019

Pour intéressants qu'ils soient, les résultats obtenus sur le site du quartier canonial doivent être complétés pour déboucher sur une synthèse satisfaisante. L'essentiel des découvertes est la mise au jour de deux caves ; greffées à angle droit l'une sur l'autre, elles formaient l'infrastructure de deux ailes qui bordaient une cour à l'Ouest et au Sud. On a pu étudier les modes originaux de construction de ces caves qui remonteraient au XIVe siècle.
Les essais de typologie des fortifications de terre médiévales en Europe : bilan et perspectives
Authors: Zadora-Rio Elisabeth
Published: March 2019

Un groupe de recherches créé à l'initiative du Centre de recherches archéologiques médiévales de l'Université de Caen, entreprend un recensement général des fortifications de terre médiévales en France et, pour y parvenir, il élabore un lexique descriptif. L'auteur, qui participe aux travaux de ce groupe, examine ici la validité des typologies proposées jusqu'à ce jour.
Une fondation plantagenaise avortée en Périgord : La bastide de Goyran
Authors: Fournioux Bernard
Published: March 2019

Saint-Barthélemy de Goyrand vient s'ajouter aux découvertes récentes de bastides Périgordes avortées et désertées, faites sous la direction de M. Charles Higounet.

Cette bastide éponyme survivra dans la toponymie jusqu'en 1641 dans l'appelatif du«lieu de la bastilhe de Gouyren», mais s'estompera ensuite dans l'anonymat du paysage sous un simple vocable.

Elle corrobore les assertions déjà énoncées pour les bastides de Bonneval, Chassaing, Saint-Barthélémy de Bellegarde et Saint-Louis et s'inscrit selon toute vraisemblance dans le cadre d'une politique de fondation résultant de la lutte d'influence que se livrèrent Capétiens et Plantagenets dans l'espace géographique des Comtes de Périgord et Vicomtes de Limoges en prélude à la guerre de Cent Ans.

Le tissu paroissial du XVIIIe siècle et le tracé du réseau communal conservent avec une grande netteté le fossile de cette bastide et suscitent ainsi, pour le repérage de villages neufs, une direction originale de recherche dans l'analyse morphologique systématique des contours géographiques paroissiaux du diocèse de Périgueux.
À la découverte des ponts anciens
Authors: Mesqui J.
Published: March 2019

Jean Mesqui, On the discovery of ancient bridges.

By referring to the consolidation work carried out during the last few years on the Saint-Laurent de Mâcon and Sully-sur-Loire bridges, the author proposes a definition of the respective tasks and responsabilities of the engineer and the archaeologist.
Le Saint-Mont : Première implantation monastique de Lorraine (Essai d'une topographie historique)
Authors: Kraemer Charles
Published: March 2019

Situé dans un contexte de basse montagne dans l'actuel département des Vosges, aux confins de la Lorraine et de la Bourgogne, le Saint-Mont, autrefois le Mont Habend est la première implantation monastique de Lorraine.

Il est installé dans l'enceinte d'un castrum dont tout porte à croire qu'il n'était pas abandonné contrairement à ce qu'en disent les récits hagiographiques.

La conjonction de l'archéologie et des sources littéraires et iconographiques, a permis de cartographier avec une relative certitude, l'ensemble des constructions qui s'y sont succédées au cours des principales périodes d'occupation : colombanienne, augustine et bénédictine.

Ce travail constitue de la sorte un premier bilan des connaissances concernant ce site, occupé jusqu'à la Révolution, laissé à l'état de ruine puis vendu comme Bien National au début du xixc siècle.
Tradition et innovation dans la poterie du bas Moyen Âge en Pologne. Esquisse du problème
Authors: Kruppé Jerzy
Published: March 2019

L'auteur s'efforce d'identifier, à l'intérieur de l'ensemble très diversifié que constitue la céramique polonaise du bas Moyen Age, entre le milieu du XIIIe et le milieu du xvic siècle, les archaïsmes et les innovations dans les techniques de fabrication, les formes, les décors, les modes d'utilisation, et propose des orientations de recherche.
Le village de Sannerville, « Lirose ». Fin de la période gauloise au VIIe s. ap. J.-C
Authors: Pilet Christian , Alduc-Le Bagousse Armelle , Blondiaux Joël , Buchet Luc , Pilet-Lemière Jacqueline , Cocollos Annabelle , James Louis
Published: March 2019

Five excavations have enabled us to bring to light a small necropolis in it's entirety, used during the Vlth and Vllth centuries A.D, elements of the village associated with the necropolis, and also two dwellings dating to the 1st century B.C and the remains of several gallo-roman buildings. The microtoponymy and research of medieval texts emphasize an activity related to the exploitation of salt ; the «Chemin Saulnier » which runs across the communes of Touffréville, Sannerville and Banneville-la-Campagne is mentioned in XHIth, XIYth, and XVth century texts. The name itself of Sannerville, salt merchant's villa, has kept the memory of this activity alive.

The study of the Early Middle Age necropolis indicates the presence of a few families (5 or 7), grouped together in a hamlet composed of dispersed dwellings. The frequence, the repetition and the proximity of certain discreet traits (human anthropology) suggest fairly close kinship. We must note a large number of weapon bearers within the community (23 for 121 burials) which makes us think of a militarized group, perhaps in charge of controlling the salt exploitation, and of watching over the coast nearby. Several artefacts (brooches, belt mounts, pottery) of anglo-saxon origin have been found in several tombs. The necropolis is abandoned towards the middle of the Vllth century ; the new cemetery is placed further south, around a church dedicated to Saint Germain.
L'habitat rural du Japon ancien
Authors: Von Verschuer Charlotte
Published: March 2019

This article provides data about rural seulement in Japan in the 8th and 9th centuries. First of all there is a summary of the information collected from documentary archives, and there is then a description of four archaeological sites. The first site, Yamada Mizunomi, is interesting as a dwelling with its domestic equipment. The second, Hiraide, gives information about funerary and food customs. The third, Gûke Imashiro, presents a spatial organisation typical of the agglomera¬ tions in the centre of the country. The fourth, Kônosu, provides data about a local dignitary's home.
Les Maisons de Rouen, XIIe-XVIIIe siècles
Authors: Gauthiez Bernard
Published: March 2019

Such as we can larn from surviving buildings, archaeological information, and written sources, Rouen houses have evolved considerably through time.

Stone houses, livel in by the upper classes, are numerous in the 12th and 13th centuries. Perhaps due to pressure from the communes they then tend to disappear, making way for a stone based type of construction (the cellar), with a wooden erection. In the 14th century, houses with roadfacing gables are replaced by a layout consisting of two rows of buildings parallel to the road, joined by a gallery with stairs. Between the 15th and the middle of the 18th century, the main dwelling types remain remarkably stable, then blocks of flats appear, characterized by a larger massive building structure and by the regrouping of the volume facing the road.

By studying the formal characteristics we note a slow evolution towards higher constructions, larger houses, and a decline of building projects including several houses. Period by period, the houses are described according to the types statistically defined, and according to the distribution of these characteristics in the town.

The second part considers means of defining the layout of both individual houses or those grouped on an «estate », from legal and architectural plans. We then look at administrative control, from road plans — particularly the granting of building lines that are to act as a limit between public and private areas, and are to give a regular aspect to the street — and on the houses' layouts. This control is probably very old. A more consequent development of argument is devoted to the importance of the building trade activity, considering the amount of new houses built and large scale repairs, and the «lifespan » of a house, which varies in time. The relationship with planning blocks, and the importance of the types of buildings that constitute them are considered in the perspective of their evolution in the economic and socio-culturel context.

Finally, the building is analysed from a social angle, particularly the maintainance, renewal and occupational habits (of the owners and tenants, in a mainly monofamilly unit). The state of the houses relative to their situation in the town is socially very significant.

The 2 000 edifices studied at Rouen, representing more than 2 500 houses, that is a third of the private street buildings intra-muros at the end of the 18th century, thus appear as a major source of information about the town between the 12th and the 18th century.
Soirans-Fouffrans, la Tuilerie (Côte d'Or) : un atelier de terre cuite, XVe-XVIIe siècles
Authors: Charlier Fabrice
Published: March 2019

The terra-cotta workshop at Soirans-Fouffrans (Côte-d'Or) was discovered and almost entirely excavated as part of the archaeological operations carried out along the future route of the A. 39 motorway between Dijon and Dole.

Structures corresponding to each stage of the terra-cotta production line have been brought to light. The organisation of the workshop was observed with precision, as different working areas ranging from where the clay was prepared to where the wasters were stocked have been identified. This workshop manufactured mainly architectural terra-cotta products and probably lime, as well as, much more rarely, pottery. The range of building materials is very varied, including bricks, flat tiles (glazed or not), canal tiles, ridge tiles, hip-tiles, hollow tiles for evacuating water (tuiles noues), and monochrome or decorated floor tiles.

The dating of this site was established mainly by archeomagnetic analyses carried out from samples from the kilns ; the workshop seems to have been in activity right at the beginning of the fifteenth century, production stopping completely towards the end of the seventeenth century ; the site continues to be occupied, it seems, without any production activity, during the following century.
Un four à chaux de la fin du Moyen Âge au Molay-Littry (Calvados )
Authors: Flambard Héricher Anne-Marie
Published: March 2019

As part of a project aiming at prospecting and carrying out the inventory of pottery workshops, in particular the medieval workshops at Le Molay, both fieldwalking and magnetic surveys have been carried out. At the «Le Colombier » hamlet, a magnetic anomaly was investigated by a small test excavation which showed up the presence of an excavated cylindrical kiln situated on the edge of a sunken lane. The conception of the kiln and the waste found indicate that it was a lime kiln that was stacked from the higher level of the field and emptied from the lower level of the lane. The stratigraphical layers in which the kiln is built, and those that fill the kiln, enable us to date its construction to the end of the fifteenth or early sixteenth century A.D.