bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Análisis semiótico-discursivo del discurso político del Chaco presente en la música de campaña de 2023
Authors: Encinas Daiana Marisol
Published: December 2024

El presente trabajo tiene como principal interés el estudio de las canciones de campaña política que acompañaron a las propuestas de distintos candidatos en las semanas previas a las elecciones generales del 17 de septiembre de 2023, en la provincia del Chaco. Estas piezas musicales, en su mayoría, son reversiones de temas populares con sus letras modificadas en las que, usualmente, se plasman tanto las ideas como las propuestas de algún candidato. Teniendo esto en cuenta, se presenta un análisis semiodiscursivo de una selección de canciones, orientado hacia el estudio de las estrategias discursivas, que se utilizan para persuadir a los votantes, presentes en las canciones de candidatos a gobernador de la provincia.
Calcitonin level in the blood of patients with medullar thyroid cancer: association with carcinoma characteristics
Authors: Guda B. B. , Komisarenko І. І.
Published: December 2024

The literature data on the existence of a relationship between the level of calcitonin (CT) and the presence and localization of metastases of medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) in the lymph nodes of the neck are ambiguous. While discussions about the diagnostic value of determining the level of CT focus on clarifying the range of its concentration increase 021in its concentration in the presence of metastases of different localization, the significance of other aggressive characteristics of MTC has received limited attention. However, such information may be useful for the prediction of recurrence or residual metastatic disease.
Objective — to determine the possible relationship between the aggressive characteristics of MTC and the level of CT in the patients’ serum with medullary cancer.
Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of data from 82 patients with MTC who were examined and operated on between 2000 and 2024 was conducted. We analyzed the level of CT in the blood serum before and after surgery, tumor size, localization of metastases in the lymph nodes of the neck, the presence of multifocality, invasiveness and association of MTC with chronic autoimmune thyroiditis, as well as the number of patients who were diagnosed with incomplete biochemical remission after surgical treatment.
Results. The existence of a clear correlation between the size of the MTC and the level of CT in the serum of patients has been confirmed, which decreases for the residual CT content after thyroidectomy. The increase in the level of CT in the blood of patients with metastases in the central or lateral lymph nodes of the neck is significant, but does not differ from each other, and with extensive metastasis it is even less than with the localization of metastases separately in the central or lateral compartments. An association has been established between the characteristics of MTC and an increase in the level of CT in the blood serum of patients: the highest concentration of CT is observed in the case of multifocal carcinomas and tumors with extrathyroidal invasion, and the lowest in patients with non‑invasive carcinomas. Incomplete biochemical remission was most often observed in the presence of metastases and in MTC with extrathyroidal invasion.
Conclusions. The combination of different clinico‑oncological and morphological characteristics of MTC is responsible for the varying degrees of elevation of CT levels in the blood of patients with medullary cancer. The frequency of incomplete biochemical remission in patients after surgical treatment does not depend on the localization of metastases in the lymph nodes of the neck and is minimal for tumors up to 20 mm in size and non‑invasive; it was most often observed in the case of MTC with extrathyroidal invasion.
Processing SF-36 questionnaire data using an MS Excel-based calculator in patients after surgery on the thyroid gland
Authors: Tovkai O. A. , Palamarchuk V. O. , Kuts V. V. , Kvitka D. M. , Yuzvenko T. Y.
Published: December 2024

The internationally recognized non‑specific questionnaire for determining the quality of life SF‑36v2 is widely used in various fields of medicine. Despite the convenience of its use at the questionnaire stage, the complexity of the procedure for further processing the results limits the use of the questionnaire, as it requires a lot of attention and working time.
Objective — to develop a user‑friendly tool in MS Excel for processing results from the SF‑36 quality‑of‑life questionnaire, eliminating the need for specialized software.
Materials and methods. The possibility of using MS Excel spreadsheets to create a calculator for processing the questionnaire results using the SF‑36 questionnaire to calculate data obtained for a group of patients was analyzed.
Results. The calculator «Calc_SF‑36‑ukr» was developed in the MS Excel environment to process the results of the questionnaire using the SF‑36 questionnaire. The resulting tool allows you to quickly perform the necessary calculations without the direct participation of the researcher. It was established that the calculations made using the calculator «Calc_SF‑36‑ukr» are correct and correspond to the results obtained using alternative means.
Conclusions. The use of the developed calculator for processing questionnaire data using the SF‑36 significantly accelerates and simplifies the process of obtaining results. Electronic data processing reduces the number of errors associated with the human factor. The developed calculator allows for obtaining summary results for a group of patients using a single software tool. Further improvements to the developed tool will include enhancing the convenience of entering primary data, reducing the likelihood of random errors, adding a function to search for individual patient results, strengthening the protection of the calculation module from accidental changes, and more. The developed calculator can be used in scientific research and practical work.
Insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia as pathophysiological links between thyroid cancer and obesity. Review
Authors: Brenta G.
Published: December 2024

In recent decades, there has been a marked increase in the prevalence of thyroid cancer. The incidence of well‑differentiated thyroid cancer (TC) has been increasing dramatically over the last 20 years worldwide, and TC is expected to be the fourth most common cancer by 2030. The rapid increase in the detection rate of TC in recent years has caused many changes in the management of these malignancies. TC accounts for 3.4% of all cancers diagnosed annually worldwide. Some data suggest that TC is increasing globally much faster than other malignant lesions. This might be a consequence of the widespread use of ultrasonography (US) examination and ultrasound guided fine needle aspiration biopsy (UG‑FNAB) procedures. Generally, this observation led to a globally highlighted discussion about the causes of such a situation. Some authors say that the higher incidence of TC is due to overdiagnosis. Others believe that various additional factors may play a role in this observation, such as obesity and an increased exposure to ionizing radiation. This phenomenon has paralleled the increase in the prevalence of obesity worldwide, which is associated with insulin resistance. Associations between these entities have been hypothesized, mainly for older and female populations, but they remain unclear. The aim of this review article was to systematically review the literature in an attempt to determine whether the increase in the prevalence of thyroid cancer is due to obesity or due only to improved detection with the better imaging techniques available. A thorough literature search on PubMed and application of selection criteria identified 14 appropriate studies. The detailed analysis of the data from these studies indicated that there is a suggestive association between thyroid cancer, obesity, insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia for both genders. Therefore, the increased prevalence of thyroid cancer is not dependent on improved detection only. Further research should be performed for complete understanding of the pathophysiological associations, especially regarding adipose tissue and genetics, but also for the improvement of preventive public health policies.
Use of nutriceutic in telogen effluvium in women: results of a prospective clinical observation
Authors: Ovcharenko Y.S.
Published: December 2024

Telogen effluvium (TE) is a hair cycle disorder that can develop through different scenarios of pathologic dynamics. Various types of triggers can cause the development of TE, the most common causes being physiologic, toxic, somatic, psychic, dietary and metabolic factors. Among the characteristics of this condition, the high prevalence and limited evidence-based knowledge are noteworthy, which can make the definition of approaches to the treatment of TE a therapeutic challenge.
Objective — to determine the effectiveness of the nutraceutical product Alpenta in women with acute or chronic TE.
Materials and methods. 30 patients with a diagnosis of TE were under observation, who received 1 capsule of the nutraceutic Alpenta per day for 12 weeks. To objectively assess changes in hair growth parameters, a phototrichogram study, evaluation of standardized photographs, a hair tension test, as well as using a questionnaire to assess objectively (by doctors) the TE and subjectively (by patients) the tolerability of the nutraceutical product Alpenta.
Results and discussion. After 12 weeks of nutraceutic Alpenta usage, there was a statistically significant increase in the mean percentage of anagen hair from 73.1 to 84.8 %. The average terminal hair density increased by 13.6 % from baseline, and the average diameter of hair in the study area increased by 11.2 % (p < 0.05). Comparative macrophotographs showed clinical improvement in 84.3 % of patients, 15.7 % had acceptable cosmetic results. Subjective evaluation of the treatment results by the patients showed a decrease in hair loss in 83.3 %, improvement of hair appearance in 43.3 % of patients, increase in hair growth rate in 40 %. The effectiveness was evaluated by dynamics of TE symptomatology reduction at the end of the course of nutraceutic Alpenta usage as «very good» and «good» in 80 % of cases. Tolerability of nutraceutic Alpenta usage was assessed by patients as «very good» and «good» in 97 % of cases.
Conclusions. Taking into account the study results of the nutraceutic Alpenta usage for acute or chronic TE in women, particularly the data of instrumental research methods, as well as the high efficiency and good tolerability of nutraceutic Alpenta, we can conclude that the nutraceutic Alpenta exhibits a trichoprotection effect, and its use in women with acute and chronic TE is pathogenetically justified and appropriate.
Potential of Secondary Metabolites from Acriopsis liliifolia Leaves as a Tyrosinase Inhibitor: Docking Study
Authors: Khoeriyah Ni'matul , Wannawijaya Nashwa Maheswari , Apsari Cintya Nurul , Nuraini Latifa
Published: December 2024

The demand of natural chemicals with high effectiveness and low side effects increases plant exploration, including in the cosmetic and pharmaceutical fields. Trend of skin-lightening products is in great demand, causing its development to overgrow. Acriopsis liliifolia is an orchid species commonly found in Java and its leaves contain many secondary metabolites, thus attracting attention to be studied its potential as a tyrosinase inhibitor to overcome hyperpigmentation. This study explores potential of secondary metabolites in A. liliifolia leaves as tyrosinase inhibitors through microchemical tests, secondary metabolite profiling with LC-HRMS, and docking study using MOE. The results of the microchemical test showed that this orchid contains flavonoid, phenolic, terpenoid, and alkaloid compounds. Secondary metabolite profiling with LC-HRMS produced 130 compounds, then 15 of the most potential compounds were selected. The docking study showed that prolylleucine had lowest S score of -8,738 kJ/mol, lower than native ligand, kojic acid. This indicates that prolylleucine has a significant binding affinity to tyrosinase enzyme receptor through twelve bonds on the active site of enzyme. Prolylleucine can be used as a lead compound for further testing.
Keywords: Acriopsis liliifolia, secondary metabolites, leaves, tyrosinase inhibitor, molecular docking.
Obtaining a coating on a C/C–SiC composite from a Mo–HfSi2–SiB4 powder composition by in situ reaction synthesis
Authors:   Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University), Astapov A.N. , Belokopytova E.S. ,   Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University), Matulyak A.I. ,   Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University), Pogodin V.A. ,   Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University), Soldatenko I.V. ,   Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University)
Published: December 2024

A coating based on the MoSi2–MoB–HfB2 system on a C/C–SiC composite substrate is obtained by in situ reaction synthesis using the technology of slurry–roasting deposition of a powder composition at 1620 °C and an argon rarefaction pressure of ~ 1 Pa. Mechanisms are proposed for the reaction interaction in the Mo–HfSi2–SiB4–C system, which determine the synthesis of the secondary phases MoSi2, MoB, HfB2 and HfC. Thermodynamic calculations of possible chemical reactions are carried out. Potential reasons of the high porosity of the resulting coating are analyzed.
STRATEGI OPTIMALISASI PENGAWASAN BARANG BAWAAN PENUMPANG: STUDI KASUS PADA KPU BC SOEKARNO-HATTA
Authors: Muhammad Fadhal
Published: December 2024

Direktorat Jenderal Bea dan Cukai (DJBC) menjalani dualisme fungsi yang unik, yaitu pengawasan dan pemberian fasilitas. Dalam pengawasan barang bawaan penumpang, KPU BC Soekarno-Hatta selaku institusi DJBC yang mengawasi bandara internasional terbesar di Indonesia menerapkan manajemen risiko untuk memaksimalkan kedua fungsi tersebut secara bersamaan. Namun, dalam dua tahun terakhir kinerja KPU BC Soekarno-Hatta menuai beragam komplain dari masyarakat. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis mekanisme pengawasan barang bawaan penumpang yang diterapkan oleh petugas bea dan cukai di KPU BC Soekarno-Hatta dan mengidentifikasi strategi optimalisasi pengawasan barang bawaan penumpang yang dapat diterapkan di KPU BC Soekarno-Hatta dalam rangka meningkatkan kepatuhan dan kepuasan pengguna layanan. Metode penelitian kualitatif digunakan untuk memaknai fenomena ini. Peneliti melakukan wawancara dengan pemeriksa barang bawaan penumpang dan dokumentasi di KPU BC Soekarno-Hatta, kemudian menerapkan analisis konten terhadap hasil wawancara dan dokumentasi. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data, peneliti menemukan bahwa penerapan manajemen risiko dalam pengawasan barang penumpang di KPU BC Soekarno-Hatta masih menyisakan berbagai tantangan seperti kualitas keputusan pemeriksa yang perlu ditingkatkan dan hit rate pengawasan yang masih rendah. Untuk itu, KPU BC Soekarno-Hatta perlu mengoptimalkan profiling penumpang dan diseminasi informasi antar pemeriksa yang lebih efektif.
Optimalisasi Penerimaan Pajak Melalui Kegiatan Forensik Digital Untuk Tujuan Perpajakan
Authors: Nugroho Panji Wisnu , Liyana Nur Farida
Published: December 2024

Potensi pendapatan pajak di Indonesia masih lebih tinggi jika dibandingkan dengan realisasi penerimaan pajak saat ini, menunjukkan kebutuhan untuk aktivitas pajak yang lebih efisien dan penegakan hukum pajak yang lebih ketat. Penelitian ini mengeksplorasi peran forensik digital dalam perpajakan, seperti peningkatan jumlah penugasan forensik digital tiap tahunnya. Sistem informasi keuangan dan perpajakan yang dimiliki oleh Wajib Pajak sering kali lebih canggih dibandingkan peralatan yang digunakan oleh Tenaga Forensik Digital (TFD), sehingga menjadi hambatan dalam pengumpulan bukti digital. Penelitian ini membahas pentingnya perolehan bukti digital dari Wajib Pajak, yang berupa buku, catatan, dan dokumen lainnya. Tujuannya adalah untuk memperoleh data dan bukti elektronik. Penelitian ini juga merinci metode penelitian yang digunakan, termasuk metode penelitian kepustakaan dan lapangan melalui  wawancara dengan TFD dan akademisi yang berpengalaman dalam proses penegakan hukum pajak.
Remote Accountants' Role in Advancing United Nations Sustainable Development Goals: The Case of a Philippine Fund Services Company
Authors: Benavides Crizabel Mye A. , Jubahib Mary Jean G. , Encarguis Ana Belen B. , Briones Jesus P. , Abante Marmelo V.
Published: December 2024

Remote accountants who work from any location with Internet access and leverage digital tools and cloud-based systems contribute to the value creation and sustainability of organizations. This study evaluated the role of remote accountants in advancing United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 8 (Decent Work and Economic Growth), 9 (Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure), and 10 (Reducing Inequality). A structured questionnaire was used to gather data from 60 remote accountants in a Philippine fund service company, with descriptive correlational methods applied to identify patterns. The findings revealed active engagement among remote accountants in supporting sustainable practices, innovation, and inclusion although various organizational challenges persist. The study also disclosed the existence of significant relationship between the role of accountants in financial reporting and their contribution to advancing SDGs. However, it was found that there is no significant relationship between their role relative to financial reporting and the barriers to advancing SDGs. Similarly, no significant relationship was noted between their contribution to SDGs and barriers to advancing SDGs. This study proposes strategic recommendations to enhance investment accuracy, technology adoption, and workforce skills to address these challenges. Key initiatives include specialized training, resource optimization, technological upskilling, and the promotion of fair practices to strengthen inclusion and equality. Finally, the study affirmed the strategic role that remote accountants could assume in driving sustainability in financial services and pointed out investment and policy directions where improvements could be sought to optimize sustainability.
ФОРМУВАННЯ ГОТОВНОСТІ СТУДЕНТІВ МОЛОДШИХ КУРСІВ СПЕЦІАЛЬНОСТІ «016. СПЕЦІАЛЬНА ОСВІТА» ДО РОБОТИ З ДІТЬМИ ІЗ ОСОБЛИВИМИ ОСВІТНІМИ ПОТРЕБАМИ У СУЧАСНИХ УМОВАХ ЗАКЛАДУ ВИЩОЇ ОСВІТИ
Authors: Пакушина Людмила , Свєтлова Олена , Завгородня Вікторія
Published: December 2024

У статті розглянуто сутність та складові процесу формування професійної готовності майбутніх педагогів до роботи в умовах інклюзивної освіти. Наголошено, що за нинішніх умов процес професійної підготовки в Україні ускладнений викликами військового стану, а тому готовність майбутніх фахівців спеціальної освіти до роботи із дітьми з особливими освітніми потребами варто формувати вже з моменту їх вступу до закладу вищої освіти усіма прийнятними для цього засобами, враховуючи можливості освітнього середовища.
За допомогою соціологічного опитування виявлено, що студенти молодших курсів спеціальності 016 «Спеціальна освіта» Черкаського національного університету імені Богдана Хмельницького хоч і знають загальні особливості своєї майбутньої професійної діяльності, але зовсім не уявляють, якими можуть бути їх майбутні учні. Зважаючи на це, розроблено і впроваджено до освітнього процесу навчального закладу викладання інтегративного курсу «Вступ до спеціальності «Спеціальна освіта» та педагогічна деонтологія». Його зміст розроблено на основі інтеграції інформації традиційних курсів (загальна педагогіка, спеціальна педагогіка, вступ до спеціальності «Логопедія», педагогічна деонтологія) із доповненням і розширенням інформацією щодо специфіки діяльності сучасного вчителя-логопеда. Позитивний вплив на процес формування готовності студентів до роботи спричинила така педагогічна умова, як паралельне вивчення студентами курсу «Анатомо-фізіологічні та клінічні основи корекційної роботи», який доповнив знання студентів медико-біологічною інформацію. Використання комп’ютерних технологій при викладанні цих курсів допомогли проілюструвати навчальну інформацію й сприяли її більш глибшому розумінню студентами, що підтвердилося їх успішністю при здійсненні підсумкових атестацій із курсів. Такі педагогічні умови освітнього середовища майбутніх спеціальних педагогів вважаємо дієвими для формування їх готовності до майбутньої професійної діяльності.
Classification of pine (Pinus brutia var. pityusa) forests of Colchis
Authors: Ermakov N. B. , Plugatar Yu. V. , Leiba V. D. , Bganba E. Z. , Trusheva N. A. , Polyakova M. A. , Ermakova E. V.
Published: December 2024

The classification of pine (Pinus brutia var. pityusa) forests of the Colchis (Western Caucasus) is based on quantitative analysis (Ward’s method, Euclidian distance) of 22 relevés and comparative syntaxonomic analysis. Two associations — Seselo rupicolae–Pinetum brutiae Ermakov et Leiba ass. nov. and Vinco majoris–Pinetum brutiae Ermakov et Leiba ass. nov., and non-rank community Crataegus microphylla–Pinus brutia var. pityusa were described. The ass. Seselo rupicolae–Pinetum brutiae represents rare natural pine forests preserved only on the calcareous steep (12–60°) southern slope of the Gagrskiy mountain ridge in the Kholodnaya River basin at altitudes of 50–260 m. Diagnostic species are Campanula alliariifolia, Campanula longistyla, Galium mollugo, Genista abchasica, Laser trilobum, Muscari neglectum, Tanacetum corymbosum, Rhus coriaria, Seseli rupicola, Sesleria alba, Stachys atherocalyx, Teucrium chamaedrys, Thalictrum minus, Tragopogon graminifolius. The ass. Vinco majoris–Pinetum brutiae occupies only sandy-gravel see terrace near Pitsunda town at altitudes of 2–6 m. Diagnostic species are Carex divulsa, Corylus avellana, Cardamine quinquefolia, Potentilla indica, Festuca drymeja, Galium aparine, Geranium robertianum, Geum urbanum, Hedera colchica, Prunus laurocerasus, Ligustrum vulgare, Luzula forsteri, Crataegus germanica, Poa nemoralis, Polypodium cambricum, Ulmus glabra, Vinca major subsp. hirsuta, Viola reichenbachiana, Vitis sylvestris. The non-rank community Crataegus microphylla–Pinus brutia var. pityusa includes almost disappeared mesophilous pine forests occasionally occurring on pediments of gentle shaded mountain slopes of the Gagrskiy ridge, near narrow river valleys at altitudes of 90–130 m. All described syntaxa in the Colchis province were included in the Campanulo longistylae–Pinion brutiae Litvinskaya et Postarnak ex Ermakov et Ermakova 2023, the order Pinetalia pallasianae-kochianae Korzhenevsky 1998. The results of comparative syntaxonomic analysis of all Pinus brutia var. pityusa forests of the Western Caucasus and Crimea demonstrated two ecological and phytosociological groups. Pine (Pinus brutia var. pityusa) forests of the humid Colchis province were included into the class Erico-Pinetea Horvat 1959 because of absolute predominance of moderately mesophilous sub-Mediterranean and European species. Pine forests of more arid province of North-Western Caucasus and Crimea were attributed to the alliance Jasmino fruticantis–Juniperion excelsae Didukh, Vakarenko et Shelyag-Sosonko ex Bonari et al. 2021, order Berberido creticae–Juniperetalia excelsae Mucina in Mucina et al. 2016 and class Junipero–Pinetea sylvestris Rivas-Mart. 1965 because of predominance of hemi-xerophilous sub-Mediterranean species.
Dijital İletişim Stratejilerinde Netiket ve Aşk Marka İlişkisi: Bankacılık Sektörüne Yönelik Bir Araştırma
Authors: Küçükcivil Büşra
Published: December 2024

Bu araştırmanın amacı, bankacılık sektöründe 2023 yılının aşk markası seçilen Ziraat Bankası'nın X platformundaki dijital iletişim stratejisini inceleyerek netiket kurallarının ve aşk marka oluşturma pratiklerinin nasıl uygulandığını ortaya koymaktır. Bu doğrultuda kapsamlı ve temsil edici bir veri setinin oluşturulması adına, 2023 yılı banka sektörü aşk markası olarak seçilen Ziraat Bankası’nın X hesabından bir yıllık (2023 yılı) süreç olmak üzere araştırma verileri elde edilmiştir. Nitel içerik analizi tekniğinin kullanıldığı bu çalışmada, araştırma verilerinin kodlanması ve analiz edilmesinde, MAXQDA programından yararlanılmıştır. Araştırmanın analiz ve bulgularına göre Ziraat Bankası’nın X hesabından 2023 yılının tamamında paylaşılan gönderilerin, netiket alt boyutlarından; “Bağlantı”, “Samimiyet”, “Başkalarını Düşünmek”, “Saygı” ve “Tavsiye”; aşk marka alt boyutlarından ise “Samimiyet”, “Rasyonel Bağ”, “Farkındalık”, “Duygusal Bağ” ve “Gizem” kapsamlarında olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ek olarak Ziraat Bankası’nın X hesabından paylaşılan gönderilerde, netiket ve aşk markanın bütünleştirici bir strateji ile kullanıldığı bulgulanmıştır. Başka bir deyişle netiket ve aşk marka arasında ortak bir etkileşim ve akış oluşturulduğu anlaşılmıştır. İlgili etkileşim ve akış neticesinde netiket ve aşk marka alt boyutları kod birlikte oluşum analiz ve bulgularına göre hem netiket hem de aşk marka alt boyutu olan “Samimiyet”e ek olarak “Bağlantı” ve “Rasyonel Bağ” kodlarının bir araya gelme durumlarının ise daha yoğun bir sıklıkta olduğu bulgulanmıştır.
Secure Image Reconstruction using Deep Learning-based Autoencoder with Integrated Encryption Layers
Authors: Abd Ali Wurood
Published: December 2024

This study presents an autoencoder model designed for secure image reconstruction through the integration of encryption and decryption layers within its framework. The major goal is to achieve more effective image reconstruction while safeguarding data integrity. A convolutional neural network (CNN) is first utilized as the primary architecture, attaining a reconstruction accuracy of 90.63% with 2.3737x  losses. This brought an opportunity for further improvement, and thus we propose the improved model with the integration of CNN and bidirectional gated recurrent unit (BiGRU) as hybrid model. The integration of CNN-BiGRU leverages the feature extraction advantage of CNN and the temporal processing ability of BiGRU to a great improvement of reconstruction accuracy, reaching 95.57% and validation accuracy stabilizing around 0.85 at the end of training. The model exhibits great accuracy without significant overfitting, thus acquiring robust characteristics crucial for precise image reconstruction. In this work, the hybrid model outperforms the conventional CNN-only architectures for secure image reconstruction and can thus be considered a potential approach when high fidelity with security is required in processing image data.
Optimized Path Planning and Scheduling in Robotic Mobile Fulfillment Systems Using Ant Colony Optimization and Streamlit Visualization
Authors: Sadeq Rasham Isam
Published: December 2024

Context: In the age of rapid e-commerce growth; the Robotic Mobile Fulfillment Systems (RMFS) have become the major trend in warehouse automation. These systems involve the use of self- governed mobile chares to collect shelves as well as orders for deliveries with regard to optimization of task allocation and with reduced expenses. However, in a manner to implement such systems, one needs to find enhanced algorithms pertaining to resource mapping and the planning of movement of robots in sensitive environments. Problem Statement: Despite RMFS have certain challenges especially when it comes to the distribution of tasks and the overall distances that employees have to cover. Objective: The main goal of this paper is to propose a new compound optimization model based on RL-ACO to optimize the RMFS’s task assignment and navigation. Also, the direction of the study is to investigate how such methods can be applied to real-life warehouse automation and how effective such methods can be on a large scale. Methodology: This research introduces a new optimization model for RMFS selection which integrates reinforcement learning with Ant Colony Optimization (ACO). Specifically, a real gym environment was created to perform the order assignment and training in the way of robotic movement. Reinforcement Learning (RL) models were trained with Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) for improving the dynamic control of robots and ACO was used for computing optimal shelf trajectories. The performance was also measured by policy gradient loss, travelled distance and time taken to complete the tasks. Results: The proposed framework showed potential in enhancing the efficiency of tasks required and the travel distances involved. In each of the RL models used the shortest paths were identified and the best route was determined to have a total distance of 102.91 units. Also, other values such as, value function loss and policy gradient loss showed learning and convergence in iterations. To build a global solution, ACO integration went a step forward in enabling route optimization through effective combinatorial problems solving. Implications: This research offers a practical, generalizable and flexible approach for the improvement of the operations of RMFS and thinking for warehouse automation.
Beyond Boundary Lines: Emerging Innovative Trends in Geospatial Data for Decision-Making
Authors: LaNeve Caitlin , Treat Tyler , Groccia Dante , Vasaya Shahrukh , Oughton Edward
Published: December 2024

As technology and the use of data innovates and iterates by the second, so does the use and implementation of geospatial data into decision-making processes across the globe. The use of geospatial data is intertwined in every part of life with technology, from accessing bank transactions to adaptive navigational systems. This literature review identifies new and evolving trends in the use of geospatial data by analyzing 83 publications between January 2023 and December 2024. Top trends included the use of machine learning and artificial intelligence, natural language model usage, and object detection studies; with all trends focusing on analysis of large data sets. Use cases are initially reviewed for the private commercial sector, such as technological integration and open-data initiatives, before discussing emerging areas, such as the pervasive utilization of deep learning algorithms and neural networks. The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) were kept in mind for this study, especially when attempting to identify emerging areas that may aid in the assessment and solution paths of each goal.
What role for law in refugee studies? Towards a transdisciplinary agenda
Authors: Gammeltoft-Hansen Thomas , Ghezelbash Daniel
Published: December 2024

Refugee law has historically formed an important part of refugee studies. Yet, in the past decades, the legal study of refugees has increasingly developed out of sync with refugee studies more generally. The purpose of this special issue is to help bridge the gap between refugee law and refugee studies and foster a broader transdisciplinary research agenda on law within refugee studies scholarship. The special issue serves two overarching purposes. The first is to exemplify and celebrate methodological heterodoxy in refugee law scholarship—deliberately foregrounding perspectives often marginalized within more mainstream legal scholarship. To this end, this issue presents a range of contributions that draw on methods and theories from different disciplines in the study of refugee law, including anthropology, history, psychology, political science, organization studies, and data science. Second, by anchoring this special issue in the Journal of Refugee Studies, we hope to convince the wider refugee studies community that empirical and interdisciplinary legal methods may provide new and important insights into some of the core debates on and long-standing challenges to refugee law.
Predictors of undernutrition among under-five children in geographically isolated and disadvantaged areas in the Philippines
Authors:   Food and Nutrition Research Institute, Department of Science and Technology, Taguig City, Philippines, Maniego Ma. Lynell V. , Duante Charmaine A. ,   Food and Nutrition Research Institute, Department of Science and Technology, Taguig City, Philippines, Velasquez Mary Bernadette M. ,   Food and Nutrition Research Institute, Department of Science and Technology, Taguig City, Philippines, Tordecilla Romalyn L. ,   Food and Nutrition Research Institute, Department of Science and Technology, Taguig City, Philippines
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Geographically isolated and disadvantaged areas (GIDA) are generally
characterised by high morbidity and mortality of children. Undernutrition makes
under-five children more vulnerable to disease and death. This study aimed to assess
nutritional status and determine factors affecting undernourished children under
five in GIDA. Methods: The study utilised data from children aged 0-59 months
obtained from the 2018-2021 Expanded National Nutrition Survey (ENNS). GIDA were
identified and 5,600 children were included in the analysis. Descriptive and multiple
logistic regression analyses were employed to investigate associations between
nutritional status of children [including stunting, underweight (UW), and wasting]
and various factors including child-related, household-related, and biochemical
markers. Results: Prevalence of UW, stunting, and wasting among children in GIDA
were 39.7%, 24.1%, and 6.2%, respectively. Anaemia was of mild public health
significance. Multiple logistic analysis revealed significant associations between
stunting and vitamin A deficiency (VAD), food insecurity, and unimproved sources
of drinking water; underweight and older age, anaemia, VAD, urban residence, and
poor wealth; wasting and younger age, being female, and poor wealth. Conclusion:
Existence of all forms of undernutrition in GIDA intensifies risk of mortality and
morbidity among children. This study recommends that government sectors
prioritise implementation of nutrition and food supplementation programmes in
GIDA where the healthcare system continues to be at a disadvantage. The persistent
constraints in GIDA should be addressed to improve food accessibility.
Sweetened beverage consumption and its association with overweight and obesity across population groups in the Philippines
Authors:   Nutritional Assessment and Monitoring Division, Food and Nutrition Research Institute - Department of Science and Technology, Taguig City, Philippines, Goyena Eva A. , Desnacido Josie P. ,   Nutritional Assessment and Monitoring Division, Food and Nutrition Research Institute - Department of Science and Technology, Taguig City, Philippines, Cristobal Antoniette G. ,   Nutritional Assessment and Monitoring Division, Food and Nutrition Research Institute - Department of Science and Technology, Taguig City, Philippines, Ducay Apple Joy D. ,   Nutritional Assessment and Monitoring Division, Food and Nutrition Research Institute - Department of Science and Technology, Taguig City, Philippines
Published: December 2024

Introduction: The increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity has been a major nutritional
concern. Evidence shows that habitual or excessive sweetened beverage (SB) consumption is
associated with weight gain and obesity. This study assessed the SB consumption across
different age groups and determined its association with overweight and obesity. Methods:
Data of 31,003 preschool children, school-age children, adolescents, and adults from 2018-
2019 Expanded National Nutrition Survey were utilised. Data on SB consumption, type, and
quantity were obtained from 24-hour food recalls, and participants’ nutritional status was
assessed. Multivariate logistic regression was conducted to evaluate association between SB
consumption and obesity using STATA 16. Results: Mean SB intake per day increased with
age. Nearly 48% of preschool children, 33% of schoolchildren, 24% of adolescents, and 21% of
adults consumed SBs amounting to >10% of total energy intake. Males, urban dwellers, and
those with higher socioeconomic status were more likely to consume SBs. After controlling for
sex, age, wealth, and place of residence, children and adults with higher SB intake, and all age
groups with higher sugar intake from SB per day were more likely to be overweight and obese.
Conclusion: SB consumption was higher among older age groups, males, urban dwellers,
and those with higher socioeconomic status. High consumption of SBs was associated with
overweight and obesity. Revisiting current nutrition policies, particularly the food-based
dietary guidelines and front-of-pack labelling, and necessary regulations are needed to reduce
SB consumption and control obesity in the Philippines.
Parenting influences associated with BMI-for-age z-score of Malaysian children aged 6-36 months: A cross-sectional study based on an online survey
Authors:   Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia, Wong Hui Juan ,   Klinik Kesihatan Puchong Batu 14, Petaling, Selangor, Malaysia, Chin Yit Siew ,   Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia, Lim Poh Ying ,   Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia, Tan Cin Cin ,   Department of Psychology, University of Toledo, United States of America
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Malnutrition in early life can contribute to lifelong health consequences.
Both fathers and mothers can influence children’s feeding, eating behaviours, and
body weight status. This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the association
between parental factors and body mass index-for-age z-score (BAZ) of Malaysian
children aged 6-36 months. Methods: An online questionnaire using Google Form,
which comprised of socio-demographic factors, parental lifestyle and feeding factors,
children’s birth history and eating behaviours, was completed by 282 pairs of fathers
and mothers of full-term children during the COVID-19 pandemic. Health records
were accessed with parental consent to ensure accurate measurements of children’s
weight and length, while both fathers and mothers self-reported their weight and
height. Results: Prevalence of at-risk overweight, overweight, and obesity among
children was 10.7%, 2.8%, and 1.1%, respectively, while wasting and severe wasting
was 5.7% and 0.4%, respectively. Multiple linear regression analysis found that
higher birth weight (β=0.271, p<0.001), less frequent use of food to calm by fathers
(β=-0.127, p=0.035), and higher maternal BMI (β=0.136, p=0.021) significantly
contributed to higher BAZ among children. Conclusion: These findings suggest
that interventions should involve both fathers and mothers with a focus on nutrition
education in promoting responsive feeding, such as minimising use of food, to calm
children. Additionally, efforts to ensure good nutrition before and during pregnancy
to achieve ideal birth weight are equally important.
Mitigating heat stress in tomato by synergetic effect of trichoderma and organic manures
Authors: Banjade Dhurba , Khanal Dipak , Regmi Pratima , Shrestha Aman , Banjade Nirajan , Dahal Binod
Published: December 2024

Tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum) are one of the world's most extensively farmed and economically important crops. Its high nutritional value and flexibility make it a household staple and an important crop for farmers. However, heat stress is a major hazard to tomato output. Temperatures above 30°C have a negative impact on tomato plants' physiological processes, such as germination, flowering, and fruit set, resulting in lower production and quality. With the growing frequency of heat stress caused by global warming, solving this issue is crucial to preserving tomato output. Heat stress has an impact on tomato development and yield by interrupting photosynthesis, reducing pollen viability, and increasing oxidative damage to plant cells. This stress causes decreased fruit set, reduced fruit size, and worse fruit quality. Organic agriculture provides a sustainable solution for mitigating the negative impacts of heat stress. The use of bio-fungicides such as Trichoderma and organic manures has been shown to effectively reduce the effects of heat stress on tomato plants. Trichoderma improves plant resilience by creating systemic resistance, releasing growth hormones, and increasing nutrient intake. Organic manures such as goat manure, poultry dung, and vermicompost improve soil structure, boost water retention, and supply important nutrients that help plants cope with stress. Reduced heat stress is critical for preserving tomato crop output and quality, particularly in the face of global climate change. Promoting the use of Trichoderma and organic manures in tomato growing not only decreases the impacts of heat stress, but also reduces the need for chemical fertilizers, enhancing soil health and protecting the environment. Adopting such sustainable approaches will assure food security and the long-term viability of tomato production.
Supply chain analysis of silage in Chitwan district of Nepal
Authors: Subedi Sanjiv , Timsina Krishna Prasad , Sapkota Sudha , Chettry Jyoti
Published: December 2024

Silage, anaerobically fermented green fodder, is valued worldwide as a source of animal feed during lean months. No studies have yet been documented exploring the supply chain map of silage and production economics of fodder used. Also, identification and prioritization of the major problems associated with fodder maize production, silage production and marketing is necessary. Chitwan district was purposively selected for this study as there are a greater number of commercial dairy cattle farms and silage-making agro-industries. A field survey and FGD was conducted among the fodder maize gowing farmers, Key Informant Interview was taken with the owner of six different silage producing farms during the time period between September, 2023 to February, 2024. A total of 90 sample farmers were selected for the study by applying the simple random sampling technique. The average productivity of the fodder maize was 539 qt/ha. The average land holding of the farmers growing fodder maize was found to be 0.38 ha. Moreover, the average price of the fodder maize was estimated NRs.345/qt. The positive gross margin and benefit cost ratio (BCR) greater than one showed both fooder maize production and silage production profitable and financially viable enterprises. Indexing identified the inadequate availability of fertilizers in time and the low price of fodder maize in the market as the first major problems associated with fodder maize production and marketing respectively. The role of cooperatives seemed to be important in the backward and forward linkages of silage as cooperatives were found to be closely associated with the marketing of fodder maize and silage as well. Assuring the timely availability of fertilizers, quality seed of suitable varieties and irrigation facilities must be the priority areras of government intervention to enahcne the production of fodder maize and silage.  Moreover, price favour for the farmers, prioritizing the development of marketing channels, assuring the availability of market information, developing the transportation and storage facilities seemed to be primary areas of intervention to promote and strengthen the supply chain of silage.  Assessing the demand for silage and exploring the more sustainable value chain could be an important area for further research.
Response of organic and inorganic sources of nitrogen on tomato production in Parwanipur, Bara, Nepal
Authors: Chaudhary Jeet Narayan , Srivastava Arvind , Sharma Moha Dutta , Gautam Ishwori Prasad
Published: December 2024

An experiment was conducted to study the response of nitrogen (N) on tomato production using randomized completely block design (RCBD) design with two factorial arrangements of treatments in three replications at the research field of  Directorate of Agricultural Research (DoAR), Parwanipur, Bara, Nepal in the winter seasons of 2020/21 and 2021/22. Factor A consisted of three genotypes (AVTO 1409, and AVTO 1306 and check Pusa Ruby). Factor B was comprised with five combinations of N application (i.e. 4 applications of N 100 and 50% of the recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF) through farm yard manure (FYM) and poultry manure (PM) with one control only RDF (200:150:120 kg N:P2O5:K2O + 10 t ha-1 FYM). RDF of P2O5 and K2O were applied equally in all treatment combinations. The plot was maintained at 9 m2 (3 m x 3 m) and 28-day-old seedlings were transplanted at a 75 cm x 60 cm distance between rows and plants. The analysis of results observed highly significant variation for yield. However, their interaction effect was found non-significant. Whereas, Genotypes AVTO 1409 produced the highest plant height (71.20 cm,) and the earliest flowering (52 days). The earliest harvest (86 days) was found in AVTO 1306 along with the highest fruit weight. (47.9 g); fruit length (5.84 cm), fruit diameter (6.41 cm.), and the higher marketable yield (40.21 t/ha) followed by genotype AVTO 1409 (38.77 t/ha). The lowest yield (25.63 t ha-1) was found in Pusa Ruby over the years. Likewise, the combined application of 50 % N from PM and 50% from inorganic fertilizer produced the highest plant height (74.20 cm) which was statistically at par with the control, the earliest harvest (89 days), diameter (5.92 cm) and length (5.98 cm) and average weight (41.6 g) of fruits and marketable yield (39.36 t/ha) while the supply of 100 % N only from FYM produced the lowest yield (31.21 t/ha) in the mean over the combined years. Based on the results, genotype AVTO 1306 and the application of 50% N from PM and 50% from inorganic sources were found promising in the sustainable production of tomato.
In vitro screening of rice landraces for increased drought tolerance at early growth stages using Polyethylene glycol (PEG 6000)
Authors: Karanjit Ritika , Khakural Aashish , Kandel Bishnu Prasad
Published: December 2024

Drought stress at germination stage can negatively impact the emergence and uniformity of seedlings leading to poor seedling establishment. Screening for drought tolerance at germination stage helps to identify potential rice germplasm tolerant to water scarcity during early growth. An experiment was conducted at the laboratory of Department of Agronomy, Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science (IAAS), Lamjung Campus, Nepal from 18th to 27th July 2023 in order to assess the seed germination of 20 rice landraces under drought stress condition. The experiment was carried out in a two factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three replications. The genotypes were evaluated against three levels of drought stress simulated at three concentrations of Polyethylene glycol (PEG 6000) @ 0% (Control), 10% and 20%. 20% PEG condition significantly (p≤0.05) recorded the lowest values for Germination Percentage (82%), Vigor Index (443.65), Coefficient of Velocity of Germination (9.91), Germination Index (160.78), Root Length (3.63 cm), Shoot Length (1.67 cm) and the highest values for Mean Germination Time (3.22 days) and Root-Shoot ratio (2.67 cm). Conversely, Control exhibited the fastest Mean Germination Time (1.75 days) and highest Germination Index (219.7). Highest Vigor Index (1329.35) and Shoot Length (7.83 cm) along with lowest Root-Shoot ratio (0.80 cm) was noted in 10% PEG. The Control and 10% PEG were statistically at par for parameters Germination Percentage and Root Length. Genotype Manamure significantly exhibited the highest Germination Index (224.33) and the fastest Mean Germination Time (1.67 days) whereas genotype Rato Anadi Lamcho showed an inferior performance with the lowest Vigor Index (786.37), Germination Index (146.78) and the slowest Mean Germination Time (3 days). Genotype Pahele was observed with maximum values of Germination Percentage (94.67%), Vigor Index (726.8), Germination Index (198.33), Shoot Length (2.713) and fastest Mean Germination Time (2.38 days) under 20% PEG condition. Using PEG 6000 to assess early growth traits is a cost-effective approach in achieving rapid screening for tolerant rice germplasm.