bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pandemic 2009 H1N1 influenza in two settings in a small community: the workplace and the university campus
Authors: SCHWARTZ E. J. , MORGAN M. , LAPIN S.
Published: October 2014

Data are rare on influenza outbreaks spreading through a workplace, but such transmission dynamics would be useful for comparison with the spread of the infection in other settings. We collected and compared infection data from two settings, a workplace and a university campus, during the 2009 pandemic influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 outbreak in a geographically contained community. Trajectories of infection were markedly alike in both settings. This suggests that transmission behaviour was similar in individuals in the two environments, despite the condition that individuals can leave the workplace setting in order to avoid transmission.
Humidity and respiratory virus transmission in tropical and temperate settings
Authors: PAYNTER S.
Published: October 2014

Influenza and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) are similarly structured viruses with similar environmental survival, but different routes of transmission. While RSV is transmitted predominantly by direct and indirect contact, influenza is also transmitted by aerosol. The cold, dry conditions of temperate winters appear to encourage the transmission of both viruses, by increasing influenza virus survival in aerosols, and increasing influenza and RSV survival on surfaces. In contrast, the hot, wet conditions of tropical rainy seasons appear to discourage aerosol transmission of influenza, by reducing the amount of influenza virus that is aerosolized, and probably also by reducing influenza survival in aerosol. The wet conditions of tropical rainy seasons may, however, encourage contact transmission of both viruses, by increasing the amount of virus that is deposited on surfaces, and by increasing virus survival in droplets on surfaces. This evidence suggests that the increased incidence of influenza and RSV in tropical rainy seasons may be due to increased contact transmission. This hypothesis is consistent with the observation that tropical rainy seasons appear to encourage the transmission of RSV more than influenza. More research is required to examine the environmental survival of respiratory viruses in the high humidity and temperature of the tropics.
‘All that Glisters’: Orpheus’s Failure as an Orator and the Academic Philosophy of theAccademia degli Invaghiti
Authors: Schwindt Joel
Published: October 2014

Scholarship on Monteverdi’sOrfeohas frequently considered Orpheus’s failure to persuade Charon during his grand aria-oration, ‘Possente spirto’, in terms of style and performance. In the eyes of academics such as theAccademia degli Invaghiti(for whomOrfeowas first composed), however, these issues would have been viewed as secondary to the goal of offering moral instruction, in keeping with the Ciceronian maxim, ‘instruction is the first goal, followed by the movement of the mind, and the delight of the senses’. After assessing the compatibility of my ‘academic’ reading ofOrfeowith those that have focused on the subject of music and its power, this article considers the Invaghiti’s practice and philosophy of oratory, as well as Monteverdi’s knowledge of this art. The reasons for Orpheus’s failure as an orator are then considered through a comparative analysis of ‘Possente spirto’ and the other full oration fromOrfeo, La Musica’s Prologue, as well as further ‘musical orations’ from Monteverdi’s catalogue. This analysis is based primarily on the teachings of the Ancients, as interpreted in the writings of Academy member Stefano Guazzo – in particular his dialectic on ‘civil conversation’ – as well as the model presented in academy member Pompeo Baccusi’s oration, ‘In defence and praise of women’, given for the Invaghiti in 1571.
Diversity in Unity: Approaches to Church Order in Rome and in Byzantium
Authors: Gallagher Clarence
Published: October 2014

This evening I propose to offer you some of the results of my research for a book I have recently completed. I examined the work of canonists, in the Eastern and Western parts of the Christian community. I explained what they did and indicated the contribution they made to the development of canon law in the first millennium of Christianity. The book deals primarily with Rome and Constantinople, though there is an excursus into Methodius and the Slavs and into the Churches in Syria and Persia. What binds the chapters together, and makes them more than a collection of disparate essays, is the parallel discussion of three issues. These are: the constitution and governance of the Church (monarchical, patriarchal/imperial, synodal), the discipline of the clergy (married or celibate) and the question of re-marriage in church after divorce
Detection and treatment rates for perinatal depression in a state Medicaid population
Authors: Geier Michelle L. , Hills Nancy , Gonzales Marco , Tum Karoline , Finley Patrick R.
Published: October 2014

Background

The purpose of this investigation was to assess detection and treatment rates for perinatal depression among women enrolled in the California State Medicaid (Medi-Cal) program in comparison to female beneficiaries of reproductive age who did not give birth during the same study period.

Methods

Investigators conducted a retrospective longitudinal cohort analysis of women between the ages of 18 and 39 years old who were continuously enrolled in the Medi-Cal fee-for-service program between January 2006 and December 2009. The perinatal cohort consisted of women with evidence of a live birth occurring between October 2007 and March 2009. The control cohort consisted of women in the same age group and health plan without evidence of pregnancy during this time frame. The primary outcome of this investigation was diagnosis of depression during 3 contiguous 9-month time frames: immediately prior to presumed conception, during pregnancy, and throughout the postpartum period. Secondary outcomes included within-group and cohort comparisons of treatment patterns (antidepressant or psychotherapy). A multivariable analysis of demographic factors predicting depression diagnosis or treatment was conducted as well.

Results

A total of 6030 women was identified in the perinatal cohort, and 56,709 women were included in the control group. The perinatal cohort was significantly less likely than nonpregnant controls to receive a diagnosis of depression both during pregnancy (prevalence=1.6% vs 3.5%; OR=0.45; 95% CI=0.35–0.55) and postpartum (2.2% vs 3.6%; OR=0.59; 95% CI=0.50–0.71). Similar differences were noted in antidepressant prescribing patterns apparent during these 2 time frames. A subgroup analysis of women who received a depression diagnosis revealed that only 48% of the perinatal cohort was provided any treatment during pregnancy (vs 72% of the control group; p<0.0001) or postpartum (57% vs 73%; p<0.0001). Specific demographic factors predicting a lower prevalence of depression detection or treatment included Hispanic descent, age <25 years, or primary residence in an rural setting.

Conclusions

Depression was often overlooked and undertreated among women who are pregnant or postpartum in comparison to services delivered to similar nonpregnant controls. Significant disparities in the healthcare received by certain subpopulations of perinatal women suggest that research into barriers to care and subsequent interventions are warranted.
Attentional Set-Shifting in Parkinson’s Disease Patients with Freezing of Gait-Acquisition and Discrimination Set Learning Deficits at the Background?
Authors: Stefanova Elka , Ječmenica Lukić Milica , Žiropadja Ljubomir , Marković Vladana , Stojković Tanja , Tomić Aleksandra , Dragašević Mišković Nataša , Kostić Vladimir
Published: October 2014

Cognitive loading aggravates the freezing of gait (FoG), which is observed in approximately 50% of patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) in the advanced stages. To investigate whether a specific pattern of executive deficits, that is, attentional set-shifting and/or inhibitory control, are associated with FoG in PD, 30 PD patients with FoG (PD-FoG+) and 36 PD patients without FoG (PD-FoG−) and 22 control healthy subjects were examined with a comprehensive neuropsychological battery. Intra-Extra Dimensional Set shifting Test (IED) and Stop Signal Task (SST), selected from the Cambridge Automated Neuropsychological Battery (CANTAB battery), were administered to analyze set-shifting and motor inhibition, respectively. The IED task was significantly sensitive for differentiating between PD-FoG+ and PD-FoG− groups (p<.01), as well Adenbrook’s clock drawing task (p=.033). By contrast, no differences emerged on any aspect of the SST task and other cognitive tasks. The attrition rate during the IED task showed that the problem in the PD-FoG+ group appeared at the pre-ID level, on the discrimination-learning set; the 32% PD-FoG+ subjects did not achieve the ID level of the task in comparison to negligible 4% of the PD-FoG− patients (p=.011). The logistic regression analysis, indicated the higher the IED stage successfully completed, the less likely presence of FoG in PD subjects. These results demonstrate that the complex cognitive–motor interplay might be responsible for FoG in PD and have had real life implication for the patients. (JINS, 2014, 20, 1–8)
THE VALUE OF UNCERTAINTY UNDER LIMITED COMMITMENT
Authors: Fujimoto Junichi
Published: October 2014

In this paper, I analyze an optimal loan contract between a risk-neutral financial intermediary and a risk-averse household, where the household receives a stochastic endowment stream that grows over time and is unable to commit to the contract. I examine the household's welfare in the equilibrium contract, and find that, first, under sufficiently rapid endowment growth, the presence of uncertainty in endowment may improve the household's welfare through relaxation of its commitment problem, and second, regardless of the endowment growth rate, the household's welfare is nonincreasing in the persistence of endowment. Numerical analysis suggests that welfare improvement from uncertainty may occur under reasonable parameters. These results have potentially important practical implications—for example, for developing countries that rely on external borrowing.
Bilingual children show an advantage in controlling verbal interference during spoken language comprehension
Authors: FILIPPI ROBERTO , MORRIS JOHN , RICHARDSON FIONA M. , BRIGHT PETER , THOMAS MICHAEL S.C. , KARMILOFF-SMITH ANNETTE , MARIAN VIORICA
Published: October 2014

Studies measuring inhibitory control in the visual modality have shown a bilingual advantage in both children and adults. However, there is a lack of developmental research on inhibitory control in the auditory modality. This study compared the comprehension of active and passive English sentences in 7–10 years old bilingual and monolingual children. The task was to identify the agent of a sentence in the presence of verbal interference. The target sentence was cued by the gender of the speaker. Children were instructed to focus on the sentence in the target voice and ignore the distractor sentence. Results indicate that bilinguals are more accurate than monolinguals in comprehending syntactically complex sentences in the presence of linguistic noise. This supports previous findings with adult participants (Filippi, Leech, Thomas, Green & Dick, 2012). We therefore conclude that the bilingual advantage in interference control begins early in life and is maintained throughout development.
‘But from this time forth history becomes a connected whole’: state expansion and the origins of universal history
Authors: Benjamin Craig
Published: October 2014

This article offers a comparative analysis of the historiographical implications of state conflict and expansion in two key regions of ancient Afro-Eurasia, the Mediterranean Basin and East Asia. The Mediterranean-wide conflict known as the Punic Wars, and the protracted struggle between Han China and her militarized steppe nomadic neighbours in a theatre that spanned much of eastern Inner Eurasia, helped shape the direction of subsequent world history. These conflicts also shaped the methodology and approach of three historians in these two regions: Polybius, Diodorus, and Sima Qian. All three wove detailed descriptions of these processes into complex narratives that synthesized events into an organic whole. The result was a universal conception of history that added up to something much more than a mere recounting of events.
The importance of early life in childhood obesity and related diseases: a report from the 2014 Gravida Strategic Summit
Authors: Macaulay E. C. , Donovan E. L. , Leask M. P. , Bloomfield F. H. , Vickers M. H. , Dearden P. K. , Baker P. N.
Published: October 2014

Obesity and its related non-communicable diseases (NCDs), such as type 2 diabetes, heart disease and cancer, impose huge burdens on society, particularly the healthcare system. Until recently, public health and policy were primarily focused on secondary prevention and treatment of NCDs. However, epidemiological and experimental evidence indicates that early-life exposures influence the risk of childhood obesity and related diseases later in life, and has now focused attention on the health of both mother and child. During pregnancy and the early neonatal period, individuals respond to their environment by establishing anatomical, physiological and biochemical trajectories that shape their future health. This period of developmental plasticity provides an early window of opportunity to mitigate the environmental insults that may increase an individual’s sensitivity to, or risk of, developing obesity or related diseases later in life. Although much investigation has already occurred in the area of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease research, the science itself is still in its infancy. It remains for researchers to tackle the important outstanding questions and translate their knowledge into workable solutions for the public good. The challenge, however, is to decide which areas to focus on. With these opportunities and challenges in mind, the 2014 Gravida Summit convened to examine how its early-life research program can determine which areas of research into mechanisms, biomarkers and interventions could contribute to the international research strategy to fight childhood obesity and its related diseases.
A comprehensive collection of systems biology data characterizing the host response to viral infection
Authors: Aevermann Brian D. , Pickett Brett E. , Kumar Sanjeev , Klem Edward B. , Agnihothram Sudhakar , Askovich Peter S. , Bankhead Armand , Bolles Meagen , Carter Victoria , Chang Jean , Clauss Therese R.W. , Dash Pradyot , Diercks Alan H. , Eisfeld Amie J. , Ellis Amy , Fan Shufang , Ferris Martin T. , Gralinski Lisa E. , Green Richard R. , Gritsenko Marina A. , Hatta Masato , Heegel Robert A. , Jacobs Jon M. , Jeng Sophia , Josset Laurence , Kaiser Shari M. , Kelly Sara , Law G. Lynn , Li Chengjun , Li Jiangning , Long Casey , Luna Maria L. , Matzke Melissa , McDermott Jason , Menachery Vineet , Metz Thomas O. , Mitchell Hugh , Monroe Matthew E. , Navarro Garnet , Neumann Gabriele , Podyminogin Rebecca L. , Purvine Samuel O. , Rosenberger Carrie M. , Sanders Catherine J. , Schepmoes Athena A. , Shukla Anil K. , Sims Amy , Sova Pavel , Tam Vincent C. , Tchitchek Nicolas , Thomas Paul G. , Tilton Susan C. , Totura Allison , Wang Jing , Webb-Robertson Bobbie-Jo , Wen Ji , Weiss Jeffrey M. , Yang Feng , Yount Boyd , Zhang Qibin , McWeeney Shannon , Smith Richard D. , Waters Katrina M. , Kawaoka Yoshihiro , Baric Ralph , Aderem Alan , Katze Michael G. , Scheuermann Richard H.
Published: October 2014

The Systems Biology for Infectious Diseases Research program was established by the U.S. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases to investigate host-pathogen interactions at a systems level. This program generated 47 transcriptomic and proteomic datasets from 30 studies that investigate in vivo and in vitro host responses to viral infections. Human pathogens in the Orthomyxoviridae and Coronaviridae families, especially pandemic H1N1 and avian H5N1 influenza A viruses and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), were investigated. Study validation was demonstrated via experimental quality control measures and meta-analysis of independent experiments performed under similar conditions. Primary assay results are archived at the GEO and PeptideAtlas public repositories, while processed statistical results together with standardized metadata are publically available at the Influenza Research Database (www.fludb.org) and the Virus Pathogen Resource (www.viprbrc.org). By comparing data from mutant versus wild-type virus and host strains, RNA versus protein differential expression, and infection with genetically similar strains, these data can be used to further investigate genetic and physiological determinants of host responses to viral infection.
DNA methylation temporal profiling following peripheral versus central nervous system axotomy
Authors: Lindner Ricco , Puttagunta Radhika , Nguyen Tuan , Di Giovanni Simone
Published: October 2014

The regulatory mechanisms responsible for the gene expression pattern associated with axotomy-dependent signaling affecting the neuronal phenotype, including the axonal regenerative program, remain unclear. To further this understanding, we recently performed DNA methylation temporal profiling in lumbar dorsal root ganglia (DRG) after axotomy of the central spinal (non-regenerating) and of the peripheral sciatic nerve (regenerating) axonal branches. DNA methylation microarrays for mouse gene promoters and CpG islands (Roche/NimbleGen) were employed after immunoprecipitation of 5-methylcytosine-DNA. Here we provide a detailed data descriptor of this DNA methylation dataset, which allows in depth evaluation of the experimental design, assessment of data reproducibility and a full interactive operator-based systematic data analysis. In fact, we offer a methylation ‘hit’ scoring map of the whole microarray data in a workable spreadsheet that allows data sorting by genes, conditions or hits of interests that is ready for functional gene annotation and classification. This dataset allows investigators bioinformatic comparison to other epigenetic and gene expression datasets and further experimental characterization of the role of DNA methylation in axotomy-dependent pathways.
Transformation magneto-statics and illusions for magnets
Authors: Sun Fei , He Sailing
Published: October 2014

Based on the form-invariant of Maxwell's equations under coordinate transformations, we extend the theory of transformation optics to transformation magneto-statics, which can design magnets through coordinate transformations. Some novel DC magnetic field illusions created by magnets (e.g. rescaling magnets, cancelling magnets and overlapping magnets) are designed and verified by numerical simulations. Our research will open a new door to designing magnets and controlling DC magnetic fields.
A green approach to the synthesis of novel “Desert rose stone”-like nanobiocatalytic system with excellent enzyme activity and stability
Authors: Wang Min , Bao Wen-Jing , Wang Jiong , Wang Kang , Xu Jing-Juan , Chen Hong-Yuan , Xia Xing-Hua
Published: October 2014

3D hierarchical layer double hydroxides (LDHs) have attracted extensive interest due to their unique electronic and catalytic properties. Unfortunately, the existing preparation methods require high temperature or toxic organic compounds, which limits the applications of the 3D hierarchical LDHs in biocatalysis and biomedicine. Herein, we present a green strategy to synthesize “Desert Rose Stone”-like Mg-Al-CO3 LDH nanoflowers in situ deposited on aluminum substrates via a coprecipitation method using atmospheric carbon dioxide. Using this method, we construct a novel “Desert Rose Stone”-like nanobiocatalytic system by using HRP as the model enzyme. Compared with the free HRP, the HRP/Mg-Al-LDH nanobiocatalytic system exhibits higher catalytic activity and stability. A smaller apparent Michaelis-Menten constant (0.16 mM) of this system suggests that the encapsulated HRP shows higher affinity towards H2O2.
Repeatability and reproducibility of desorption electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (DESI-MS) for the imaging analysis of human cancer tissue: a gateway for clinical applications
Authors: Abbassi-Ghadi Nima , Jones Emrys A. , Veselkov Kirill A. , Huang Juzheng , Kumar Sacheen , Strittmatter Nicole , Golf Ottmar , Kudo Hiromi , Goldin Robert D. , Hanna George B. , Takats Zoltan
Published: October 2014

The repeatability and reproducibility of DESI-MS for the measurement of lipid ion intensities in human cancer tissue is 22 ± 7% and 18 ± 8%, respectively.
Determination of trace magnesium and strontium in calcium carbonate and calcareous skeletons of marine planktonic organisms using high performance chelation ion chromatography
Authors: Li Yan , Paull Brett , Müller Marius N. , Nesterenko Pavel N.
Published: October 2014

A new high performance chelation ion chromatography method for the simultaneous determination of trace magnesium and strontium in various calcium carbonate samples was developed.
Silica-based nanocapsules: synthesis, structure control and biomedical applications
Authors: Zhang Yu , Hsu Benedict You Wei , Ren Changliang , Li Xu , Wang John
Published: October 2014

Synthesis and structure engineering of silica-based nanocapsules for biomedical applications.
A novel d-glucosamine-derived pyridyl-triazole@palladium catalyst for solvent-free Mizoroki–Heck reactions and its application in the synthesis of Axitinib
Authors: Shen Chao , Shen Hongyun , Yang Ming , Xia Chengcai , Zhang Pengfei
Published: October 2014

A novel d-glucosamine-derived pyridyl-triazole@palladium catalyst for solvent-free Mizoroki–Heck reactions and the synthesis of Axitinib is reported.
A computational frame and resource for understanding the lncRNA-environmental factor associations and prediction of environmental factors implicated in diseases
Authors: Zhou Meng , Han Lu , Zhang Jiahui , Hao Dapeng , Cai Yuanpei , Wang Zhenzhen , Zhou Hui , Sun Jie
Published: October 2014

The complex traits of an organism are associated with a complex interplay between genetic factors (GFs) and environmental factors (EFs).
Synthesis of new betulinic acid–peptide conjugates and in vivo and in silico studies of the influence of peptide moieties on the triterpenoid core activity
Authors: Govdi Anastasiya I. , Sokolova Nadezda V. , Sorokina Irina V. , Baev Dmitry S. , Tolstikova Tatyana G. , Mamatyuk Victor I. , Fadeev Dmitry S. , Vasilevsky Sergey F. , Nenajdenko Valentine G.
Published: October 2014

Betulinic acid–peptide conjugates exhibit high anti-inflammatory activity.
Comparative studies on OLED performances of chloro and fluoro substituted Zn(ii) 8-hydroxyquinolinates
Authors: Huo Yanping , Lu Jiguo , Lu Tianhua , Fang Xiaoming , Ouyang Xinhua , Zhang Li , Yuan Guozan
Published: October 2014

As the substituents are changed from fluorine to chlorine, the organic electroluminescent device based on the complex 6 (DCBQ) shows overall better performance than that of complex 5 (TFBQ).
LaF3:Ln mesoporous spheres: controllable synthesis, tunable luminescence and application for dual-modal chemo-/photo-thermal therapy
Authors: Lv Ruichan , Yang Guixin , He Fei , Dai Yunlu , Gai Shili , Yang Piaoping
Published: October 2014

LaF3:Ln mesoporous spheres with tunable structures were prepared via an ion-exchange route using yolk-like La(OH)3 mesoporous spheres as templates. A rapid DOX release and an obvious thermal effect have been achieved by doping Nd3+ ions under 980 nm NIR irradiation.
A pyridine-flanked diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP)-based donor–acceptor polymer showing high mobility in ambipolar and n-channel organic thin film transistors
Authors: Sun Bin , Hong Wei , Aziz Hany , Li Yuning
Published: October 2014

A new donor–acceptor polymer based on pyridine-flanked diketopyrrolopyrrole shows high mobilities in both ambipolar and unipolar n-type organic thin film transistors.
One-step fabrication of robust and optically transparent slippery coatings
Authors: Ganesh V. Anand , Dinachali Saman Safari , Jayaraman Sundaramurthy , Sridhar Radhakrishnan , Raut Hemant Kumar , Góra Aleksander , Baji Avinash , Nair A. Sreekumaran , Ramakrishna Seeram
Published: October 2014

An optically transparent slippery surface was fabricated from a blend of Perfluoropolyether and (tridecafluoro-1,1,2,2-tetrahydrooctyl)-1-trichlorosilane by electrospraying and subsequent low temperature curing.
Simultaneous determination of the cytokeratin 19 fragment and carcinoembryonic antigen in human serum by magnetic nanoparticle-based dual-label time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay
Authors: Lin Guanfeng , Zhao Hui , Liu Tiancai , Hou Jingyuan , Ren Zhiqi , Huang Wenhua , Dong Wenqi , Wu Yingsong
Published: October 2014

A magnetic nanoparticle-based dual-label TRFIA employing europium and samarium chelate labels for simultaneous determination of CYFRA 21-1 and CEA.
Individual photoreorientation of non-aggregated and aggregated azobenzene side chains tethered to a liquid-crystalline polymer determined by higher order derivative spectra
Authors: Ichimura Kunihiro , Nagano Shusaku
Published: October 2014

The fourth-order derivative spectra reveal the individual generation of photodichroism of non-aggregated and aggregated species of a liquid-crystalline azo-polymer.
Vibronic spectra of organic electronic chromophores
Authors: Charaf-Eddin Azzam , Cauchy Thomas , Felpin François-Xavier , Jacquemin Denis
Published: October 2014

Vibronic effects in organic electronic building blocks are presented.
Detection of σ-alkane complexes of manganese by NMR and IR spectroscopy in solution: (η5-C5H5)Mn(CO)2(ethane) and (η5-C5H5)Mn(CO)2(isopentane)
Authors: Torres Olga , Calladine James A. , Duckett Simon B. , George Michael W. , Perutz Robin N.
Published: October 2014

Irradiation (355 nm) of CpMn(CO)3in liquid ethane at 133 K yields CpMn(CO)2(η2-C–H-ethane) characterised by IR and1H NMR spectroscopy with a lifetime ofca. 360 s; the corresponding isopentane complex is formed in propane/isopentane mixtures and exists in three isomeric forms.
Turning up the heat on wormlike micelles with a hydrotopic salt in microfluidics
Authors: Cardiel Joshua J. , Zhao Ya , De La Iglesia Pablo , Pozzo Lilo D. , Shen Amy Q.
Published: October 2014

By integrating gold-etched microheaters with the micropost design in a microfluidic device, we investigate the localized temperature effect of wormlike micellar networks containing a cationic surfactant and hydrotropic organic salt.
Order vs. disorder—a huge increase in ionic conductivity of nanocrystalline LiAlO2 embedded in an amorphous-like matrix of lithium aluminate
Authors: Wohlmuth D. , Epp V. , Bottke P. , Hanzu I. , Bitschnau B. , Letofsky-Papst I. , Kriechbaum M. , Amenitsch H. , Hofer F. , Wilkening M.
Published: October 2014

The poor ion conductivity of LiAlO2 can be drastically enhanced via the introduction of defects or amorphisation during high-energy ball milling.
Ag size-dependent visible-light-responsive photoactivity of Ag–TiO2 nanostructure based on surface plasmon resonance
Authors: Jiang Zhuo , Ouyang Qin , Peng Bosi , Zhang Youxiang , Zan Ling
Published: October 2014

The proposed growth mechanism of Ag NPs during PAg–TiO2 (A) and SAg–TiO2 (B) preparation processes.
Superlow load of nanosized MnO on a porous carbon matrix from wood fibre with superior lithium ion storage performance
Authors: Yang Chunxiao , Gao Qiuming , Tian Weiqian , Tan Yanli , Zhang Tao , Yang Kai , Zhu Lihua
Published: October 2014

A facile synthesis of an MnO/C nanocomposite material consisting of 5.3 wt% of MnO on the surface of porous carbon is introduced.
Investigation of cyano resin-based gel polymer electrolyte: in situ gelation mechanism and electrode–electrolyte interfacial fabrication in lithium-ion battery
Authors: Zhou Dong , He Yan-Bing , Cai Qiang , Qin Xianying , Li Baohua , Du Hongda , Yang Quan-Hong , Kang Feiyu
Published: October 2014

This paper reports the gelation mechanism of PVA-CN-based GPE and fabrication of an electrode–GPE interface with less resistance during formation.
Integration of polymerized ionic liquid with graphene for enhanced CO2 adsorption
Authors: Tamilarasan P. , Ramaprabhu S.
Published: October 2014

In this study, we have integrated an ionic liquid (IL) or polymerized ionic liquid (PIL) with graphene to demonstrate enhanced carbon dioxide adsorption properties.
Ultrahigh ferroelectric response in Fe modified 0.95(Na1/2Bi1/2)TiO3-0.05BaTiO3 single crystals
Authors: Zhang Haiwu , Chen Chao , Deng Hao , Ren Bo , Zhao Xiangyong , Lin Di , Li Xiaobing , Luo Haosu
Published: October 2014

Single crystals of x at% Fe + 0.95(Na1/2Bi1/2)TiO3-0.05BaTiO3 (x%-Fe:NBBT5, x = 0.1, 0.2 and 0.5) with ultrahigh ferroelectric response were developed by introducing defect associations.
Hexacyano octahedral metallic clusters as versatile building blocks in the design of extended polymeric framework and clustomesogens
Authors: Amela-Cortes Maria , Cordier Stéphane , Naumov Nikolay G. , Mériadec Cristelle , Artzner Franck , Molard Yann
Published: October 2014

Self-assembling abilities of Katn[M6Qi8(CN)a6] hybrid nanomaterials are tailored by the metallic cluster polyanionic charge while the latter keeps its intrinsic properties within the liquid crystal phases.
Convergence of recursive functions on computers
Authors: Nepomuceno Erivelton Geraldo
Published: October 2014

A theorem is presented which has applications in the numerical computation of fixed points of recursive functions. If a sequence of functions {fn } is convergent on a metric space I ⊆ ℝ, then it is possible to observe this behaviour on the set 𝔻 ⊂ ℚ of all numbers represented in a computer. However, as 𝔻 is not complete, the representation of fn on 𝔻 is subject to an error. Then fn and fm are considered equal when its differences computed on 𝔻 are equal or lower than the sum of error of each fn and fm. An example is given to illustrate the use of the theorem.
Adventitiously Obtained Rare-Earth Peroxide Complexes and Their Structural Characterisation
Authors: Deacon Glen B. , Forsyth Craig M. , Freckmann Dominique , Junk Peter C. , Konstas Kristina , Luu Jenny , Meyer Gerd , Werner Daniel
Published: October 2014

The structures of three adventitiously obtained peroxolanthanoid complexes have been determined, namely, [Yb2(Cp)4(μ-O)2/3(μ-O2)1/3(thf)2] (1) (Cp = cyclopentadienyl; thf = tetrahydrofuran), which has disorder between the bridging oxide and peroxide, [Nd2(o-PhPhForm)4(thf)4(μ-O2)] (2) (o-PhPhForm = N,N′-bis(2-phenylphenyl)formamidinate), and [Eu4(FForm)6(μ-OH)2(μ3-O2)2(μ-diglyme)2]·2diglyme (3) (FForm = N,N′-bis(2-fluorophenyl)formamidinate, diglyme = bis(2-methoxyethyl) ether). In the first two complexes, the peroxide bridges side-on between metals, whereas in the last complex, each peroxide bridges three metals through both oxygen atoms. The first complex was a single crystal amongst a bulk sample of [Yb(Cp)2(pzPh)(thf)] (pzPh = 2-(1′-pyrazolyl)phenyl), prepared by oxidation of dicyclopentadienylytterbium(ii) by bis(2-(1′-pyrazolyl)phenyl)mercury, the structure of which was also determined and showed distorted square planar stereochemistry for mercury.
Using participatory action research to prevent suicide in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities
Authors: Cox Adele , Dudgeon Pat , Holland Christopher , Kelly Kerrie , Scrine Clair , Walker Roz
Published: October 2014

The National Empowerment Project is an innovative Aboriginal-led community empowerment project that has worked with eight Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities across Australia over the period 2012–13. The aim of the Project was to develop, deliver and evaluate a program to: (1) promote positive social and emotional well-being to increase resilience and reduce the high reported rates of psychological distress and suicide among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people; and (2) empower communities to take action to address the social determinants that contribute to psychological distress, suicide and self-harm. Using a participatory action research approach, the communities were supported to identify the risk factors challenging individuals, families and communities, as well as strategies to strengthen protective factors against these challenges. Data gathered during Stage 1 were used to develop a 12-month program to promote social and emotional well-being and build resilience within each community. A common framework, based on the social and emotional well-being concept, was used to support each community to target community-identified protective factors and strategies to strengthen individual, family and community social and emotional well-being. Strengthening the role of culture is critical to this approach and marks an important difference between Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander and non-Indigenous mental health promotion and prevention activities, including suicide prevention. It has significant implications for policy makers and service providers and is showing positive impact through the translation of research into practice, for example through the development of a locally run empowerment program that aims to address the social determinants of health and their ongoing negative impact on individuals, families and communities. It also provides a framework in which to develop and strengthen culture, connectedness and foster self-determination, through better-informed policy based on community-level holistic responses and solutions as opposed to an exclusive focus on single-issue deficit approaches.
The position of Ibero-Romance in the Romania and of Portuguese within Ibero-Romance
Authors: Wanner Dieter
Published: October 2014

This chapter places major linguistic varieties within the Iberian Peninsula vis-à-vis each other and also in relation to the broader Romance context. The largely a-theoretical description is based on an ad hoc set of salient surface aspects, from phonetics to morphology and syntax. Rather than surveying the entire Romania in detail, the focus shifts more to the languages of the Iberian Peninsula, and within this domain, Portuguese will be emphasized, reversing the frequent choice of Castilian/Spanish as the Iberian pivot. This typological plus historical approach characterizes Portuguese not only in its intimate connections to other Ibero-Romance varieties, but also in its sometimes striking discrepancies from Spanish, and affinities with more distant Romance languages.
Syntactic change in Portuguese and Spanish
Authors: Martins Ana Maria
Published: October 2014

This chapter describes two cases of divergent syntactic change between Portuguese and Spanish, namely clitic placement and post-nominal algum/alguno. While both changes feature instances of linguistic splitting from a former unity during the Middle Ages, they nevertheless exhibit different patterns of development, illustrating what the author calls the ‘inverted-Y’ and the ‘I’ patterns of change. Under the former, the two languages start diverging as soon as grammatical change is set in motion. Under the latter, the two languages show a similar/parallel path of change and eventually split apart when one of them goes a step further than the other. Clitic placement in the history of Spanish and Portuguese exemplifies the ‘inverted-Y’ pattern, post-nominal algum/alguno exemplifies the ‘I’ pattern of change.
Mirandese in contact with Portuguese  and Spanish
Authors: Martins Cristina
Published: October 2014

Mirandese is a minority language spoken in Northeastern Portugal, on the Portuguese‑Spanish border. In this chapter, the frontier status of the Mirandese language is examined from different perspectives. First, an overview of the geo-historical context frames the description of the structurally transitional nature of the Mirandese language along the Portuguese‑Mirandese-Spanish continuum. This is followed by a presentation of sociolinguistic data that highlight the fact that Mirandese is, at this stage, a definitively, or even a severely endangered minority language (UNESCO, 2003). To this last effect, available data referring to important vitality indicators are reviewed: trends in number of speakers, shifting patterns of language preferences for different communicative domains, levels of intergenerational transmission, and children’s proficiency in the minority language.
Form selection in contact languages
Authors: Clements J. Clancy
Published: October 2014

It is commonly assumed that during pidginization and creolization, morphosyntactic complexity of the lexifier languages is significantly reduced such that the number of affixes, clitic forms, and unstressed function words decreases substantially. In this study, I appeal to the frequency of use of forms in discourse and the detectability of forms as predictors regarding which forms are selected and incorporated into the grammars of a representative sample of Portuguese- and Spanish-based creoles.
Neurocognitive modeling of the two language varieties in Arabic Diglossia
Authors: Khamis-Dakwar Reem , Froud Karen
Published: October 2014

Diglossia is one distinctive feature of Arabic and other languages, such as Swiss-German (Ferguson 1959). Neurocognitive studies aiming to understand the neural mechanisms of diglossia in general, and Arabic diglossia in particular, are sparse. This paper provides a framework for discussing neurophysiological approaches to questions concerning the representation and processing of languages exhibiting diglossia in the brains of native speakers, as well as understanding the potential contribution of such approaches for applied linguistics and teaching Arabic as a first or second language. The first section introduces electroencephalography (EEG), and some event-related potentials (ERPs) known to correlate with aspects of language processing. The second section reviews neurophysiological studies of language representation and processing in Arabic diglossia to date. Finally, we discuss some potential contributions of neurophysiological studies to the fields of Arabic linguistics, applied linguistics and teaching Arabic. The review points to separateness of the two lexicons in Arabic diglossia and highlights the need for further neurophysoplogiocal and behavioral studies to revisit the suggested model of mental representation in diglossia.
Distribution, Stock Composition and Timing, and Tagging Response of Wild Chinook Salmon Returning to a Large, Free‐Flowing River Basin
Authors: Eiler John H. , Masuda Michele M. , Spencer Ted R. , Driscoll Richard J. , Schreck Carl B.
Published: October 2014

Chinook Salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha returns to the Yukon River basin have declined dramatically since the late 1990s, and detailed information on the spawning distribution, stock structure, and stock timing is needed to better manage the run and facilitate conservation efforts. A total of 2,860 fish were radio‐tagged in the lower basin during 2002–2004 and tracked upriver. Fish traveled to spawning areas throughout the basin, ranging from several hundred to over 3,000 km from the tagging site. Similar distribution patterns were observed across years, suggesting that the major components of the run were identified. Daily and seasonal composition estimates were calculated for the component stocks. The run was dominated by two regional components comprising over 70% of the return. Substantially fewer fish returned to other areas, ranging from 2% to 9% of the return, but their collective contribution was appreciable. Most regional components consisted of several principal stocks and a number of small, spatially isolated populations. Regional and stock composition estimates were similar across years even though differences in run abundance were reported, suggesting that the differences in abundance were not related to regional or stock‐specific variability. Run timing was relatively compressed compared with that in rivers in the southern portion of the species’ range. Most stocks passed through the lower river over a 6‐week period, ranging in duration from 16 to 38 d. Run timing was similar for middle‐ and upper‐basin stocks, limiting the use of timing information for management. The lower‐basin stocks were primarily later‐run fish. Although differences were observed, there was general agreement between our composition and timing estimates and those from other assessment projects within the basin, suggesting that the telemetry‐based estimates provided a plausible approximation of the return. However, the short duration of the run, complex stock structure, and similar stock timing complicate management of Yukon River returns.

Received March 5, 2014; accepted August 27, 2014
Spain Discovers the Mass
Authors: Kreitner Kenneth
Published: October 2014

Spain was a latecomer to the cyclic Mass, which began to develop there in the 1490s or late 1480s. A number of different strands in this process – free single movements, mix-and-match Masses, ferial Masses, imports, three-voice Masses, Missae sine nomine and the six cycles of Francisco de Peñalosa – can usefully be separated and laid at least tentatively onto a chronological framework on the basis of manuscript date and composer biography. The surviving evidence seems to show a tradition that arose with particular energy in the decade or so after 1500 and reached maturity within a single generation.
Measurement precision of body composition variables in elite wheelchair athletes, using dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry
Authors: Keil Mhairi , Totosy de Zepetnek Julia O. , Brooke‐Wavell Katherine , Goosey‐Tolfrey Victoria L.
Published: October 2014

The purpose of this study was to assess the reproducibility of body composition measurements by dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry (DXA) in 12 elite male wheelchair basketball players (age 31 ± 7 years, BMI 21 ± 2 kg/m2 and onset of disability 25 ± 9 years). Two whole body scans were performed on each participant in the supine position on the same day, using Lunar Prodigy Advance DXA (GE Lunar, Madison, WI, USA). Participants dismounted from the scanning table and were repositioned in‐between the first and second scan. Whole body coefficient of variation (CV) values for bone mineral content (BMC), fat mass (FM) and soft tissue lean mass (LTM) were all <2.0%. With the exclusion of arm FM (CV = 7.8%), CV values ranged from 0.1 to 3.7% for all total body and segmental measurements of BMC, FM and LTM. The least significant change that can be attributed to the effect of treatment intervention in an individual is 1.0 kg, 1.1 kg, 0.12 kg for FM, LTM, and BMC, respectively. This information can be used to determine meaningful changes in body composition when assessed using the same methods longitudinally. Whilst there may be challenges in the correct positioning of an individual with disability that can introduce greater measurement error, DXA is a highly reproducible technique in the estimation of total and regional body composition of elite wheelchair basketball athletes.
Why do we need practical wisdom? A Chinese lesson in the process of globalisation
Authors: Changfu Xu
Published: October 2014

The term ‘shijianzhihui’ (实践智慧) is a Chinese translation of the ancient Greek word φρονησις (phronesis). Aristotle first defined it as the philosophical term practical wisdom. It is a kind of wisdom in the field of praxis, which is distinguished from theoretical wisdom (sophia) in the field of theory (theoria) and productive wisdom (techne) in the field of production (poiesis). This article holds that practical wisdom has two basic elements. One is that practice is prior to theory, which means that practical wisdom takes it as the starting point to solve practical problems; it aims at good action through integrating various theories. Moreover, it regards the maximisation of real benefits as evaluation criterion. The other is that all participants in practice should have the right to speak, which means that since all agents have practical wisdom and cooperatively act for a win–win situation, they all should have their voice in the cooperative actions. Only through practical wisdom, rather than theoretical wisdom, can practical problems be solved. In the last two decades, Chinese scholars began to regard the concept of practical wisdom as an important issue. Contemporary China in particular needs practical wisdom. This is because we once made a perfect fetish of the theoretical wisdom of Marxism, which resulted in failure in the nation’s development and the people’s lives; it was a bitter lesson. At the same time, practical wisdom is required at the global level, because the Western hegemonic powers are trying to remodel the whole world in accordance with the theoretical superstition of liberalism, which is now the root cause of much international turmoil. The emphasis on practical wisdom could mean that human practice in the age of globalisation could break away from all sorts of theoretical myths and could direct its energies to the real needs of humanity and their common practical judgement.
Bem1p contributes to secretory pathway polarization through a direct interaction with Exo70p
Authors: Liu Dongmei , Novick Peter
Published: October 2014

The exocyst serves to tether secretory vesicles to cortical sites specified by polarity determinants, in preparation for fusion with the plasma membrane. Although most exocyst components are brought to these sites by riding on secretory vesicles as they are actively transported along actin cables, Exo70p displays actin-independent localization to these sites, implying an interaction with a polarity determinant. Here we show that Exo70p directly and specifically binds to the polarity determinant scaffold protein Bem1p. The interaction involves multiple domains of both Exo70p and Bem1p. Mutations in Exo70p that disrupt its interaction with Bem1, without impairing its interactions with other known binding partners, lead to the loss of actin-independent localization. Synthetic genetic interactions confirm the importance of the Exo70p–Bem1p interaction, although there is some possible redundancy with Sec3p and Sec15p, other exocyst components that also interact with polarity determinants. Similar to Sec3p, the actin-independent localization of Exo70p requires a synergistic interaction with the phosphoinositide PI(4,5)P2.
Exact theory of dense amorphous hard spheres in high dimension. III. The full replica symmetry breaking solution
Authors: Charbonneau Patrick , Kurchan Jorge , Parisi Giorgio , Urbani Pierfrancesco , Zamponi Francesco
Published: October 2014

In the first part of this paper, we derive the general replica equations that describe infinite-dimensional hard spheres at any level of replica symmetry breaking (RSB) and in particular in the fullRSB scheme. We show that these equations are formally very similar to the ones that have been derived for spin glass models, thus showing that the analogy between spin glasses and structural glasses conjectured by Kirkpatrick, Thirumalai and Wolynes is realized in a strong sense in the mean-field limit. We also suggest how the computation could be generalized in an approximate way to finite-dimensional hard spheres. In the second part of the paper, we discuss the solution of these equations and we derive from it a number of physical predictions. We show that, below the Gardner transition where the 1RSB solution becomes unstable, a fullRSB phase exists and we locate the boundary of the fullRSB phase. Most importantly, we show that the fullRSB solution predicts correctly that jammed packings are isostatic, and allows one to compute analytically the critical exponents associated with the jamming transition, which are missed by the 1RSB solution. We show that these predictions compare very well with numerical results.