bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Application of broadband tympanometry to assess condition of middle ear structures in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis
Authors:   National Medical Research Center for Otorhinolaryngology, Federal Medico-Biological Agency of Russia, Moscow, 123182, Russian Federation, Daikhes N. A. ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, 117997, Russian Federation, Machalov A. S. ,   National Medical Research Center for Otorhinolaryngology, Federal Medico-Biological Agency of Russia, Moscow, 123182, Russian Federation,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, 117997, Russian Federation,   Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, 125445, Russian Federation, Mareev V. V. ,   National Medical Research Center for Otorhinolaryngology, Federal Medico-Biological Agency of Russia, Moscow, 123182, Russian Federation, Averbukh V. M. ,   National Medical Research Center for Otorhinolaryngology, Federal Medico-Biological Agency of Russia, Moscow, 123182, Russian Federation, Kuznetsov A. O. ,   National Medical Research Center for Otorhinolaryngology, Federal Medico-Biological Agency of Russia, Moscow, 123182, Russian Federation,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, 117997, Russian Federation, Karpov V. L. ,   National Medical Research Center for Otorhinolaryngology, Federal Medico-Biological Agency of Russia, Moscow, 123182, Russian Federation,   Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, 125445, Russian Federation
Published: June 2024

It is well known that chronic rhinosinusitis can cause changes in the auditory analyzer. According to domestic and foreign literature data, the prevalence of otological symptoms in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis occurs from 15 to 42% of cases. In this category of patients, both sensorineural, conductive, and mixed forms of hearing loss may occur. Hearing loss in rhinosinusitis may be associated with several factors. First, the inflammatory process in the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses leads to impaired circulation of exudate, stagnation of mucus, and, as a result, to an increase in intratympanic pressure. Second, inflammatory changes in the mucous membrane of the nasopharynx and auditory tube lead to a violation of the drainage function of the latter. Despite the obvious anatomical and physiological relationship between inflammatory lesions of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses and damage to the structures of the middle ear, the condition of the structures of the middle ear against the background of chronic rhinosinusitis is still insufficiently studied, especially in the preoperative and early and long-term postoperative periods, after rhinosurgery. The expansion of the range of modern diagnostic capabilities allows you to look at this problem differently and solve it.
A rare variant of the development of the proarrhythmogenic effect of etacizine in a child with chronic kidney disease (clinical case)
Authors: Kotomina O. V. , Pogodin V. V. , Pazgaleva Yu. L.
Published: June 2024

This article describes a rare clinical case of the development of severe ventricular tachycardia while taking etacizine in a 3-year-8-month-old patient with chronic kidney disease. A clinical case demonstrates the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of class 1C antiarrhythmic drugs in pediatric patients with kidney pathology.
The Impact of Mental Models on the Transition from Communism to Capitalism. The Comparative Case Study of Azerbaijan and Poland
Authors: Pashazade Nurlan
Published: June 2024

The purpose of the article. The breakdown of the so-called Eastern Bloc, the disintegration of the Soviet Union, and the demise of communism fueled transition processes in Central and Eastern Europe, Western Asia, and Central Asia. The great majority of transformation difficulties across different areas demonstrate that when pursuing the process of a structural change, it is important to take into account diverse sets of formal and informal institutions preserved in each country. Each country has a unique set of formal and informal institutions. These differences are easily observed between Poland and Azerbaijan. The aim of this paper is to compare and contrast the outcomes of Poland and Azerbaijan's transitions from communism to capitalism and to identify the primary factors driving these two different transformations.
Methodology. The paper presents two complementary methods to compare the transitions from communism to capitalism in Poland and Azerbaijan. The first method involves secondary analysis, where existing data from reputable sources such as the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) database, the Bertelsmann Transformation Index (BTI), and country reports are compiled to provide insights into economic, political, and social indicators. Additionally, a comparative case study approach is employed, using Geert Hofstede's six cultural dimensions framework to explore the cultural influences on transition outcomes. By integrating these methods, the study aims to offer a comprehensive analysis of the transformation processes in Poland and Azerbaijan.
Results of the research. The results of the analysis presented in the paper support the hypothesis that the historically-shaped differences in mental models and strong ties to international protectors determined the paths of transformations in Poland and Azerbaijan. The primary similarities and contrasts in the mindset are justified by the colonial or imperial history of the nations.
Rozwój placówek bezgotówkowych w Polsce
Authors: Witczak Zbigniew
Published: June 2024

Cel artykułu. Celem artykułu jest analiza polskiego rynku bankowego z perspektywy jego rozwoju w obszarze oddziałów bezgotówkowych w korelacji do rosnącej popularności transakcji bezgotówkowych. Ocena potencjału do rozwoju tego obszaru w kontekście zmniejszającej się liczby oddziałów tradycyjnych i rosnącym znaczeniu nowoczesnych technologii.
Metoda badawcza. Analizując rozwój oddziałów bezgotówkowych wykorzystano metodę przeglądu i analizy krytycznej, opisowej, i porównawczej literatury oraz raportów sektora bankowego.
Wyniki badań. Polski rynek usług bankowych coraz większą uwagę przywiązuje do promocji samo-dzielnego wykonywania transakcji przez klientów. Tradycyjny model oddziału bankowego, czy contact center jest już mało atrakcyjny i konkurencyjny oraz wymaga zmiany. Potrzebne są nowe rozwiązania i koncentracja na potrzeby klientów, aby zwiększyć efektywność działań instytucji sektor bankowego. Nowe technologie, wykorzystanie AI, automatyzacja procesów i nowe podejście do obsługi, jak na przykład rosnąca sieć oddziałów bezgotówkowych to szansa na to, aby być liderem na polskim rynku bankowym obsługującym klientów indywidualnych.
Konstytucyjna stabilność finansów publicznych jako element państwa dobrze zorganizowanego
Authors: Krawczyk Ryszard Paweł
Published: June 2024

Zmiany ustroju społeczno-gospodarczego, jakie nastąpiły w okresie przemian ustrojowych w Polsce, wymusiły na ustrojodawcy przywrócenie kategoriom i instytucjom ekonomicznym takim jak budżet państwa, deficyt budżetowy, dług publiczny, nadwyżka budżetowa – treści ekonomicznych charakterystycznych dla gospodarki rynkowej i systemu demokratycznego. Zasady zabezpieczające stabilność systemu finansowego wpisano w Polsce do Konstytucji RP i ustawy o finansach publicznych.
Od kilku lat mamy jednak do czynienia z rosnącą skalą omijania reguł i zasad prowadzenia odpowiedzialnej i transparentnej polityki budżetowej. Zjawisko to rozpoczęło się w 2008 r. i nasiliło się w związku z pandemią COVID-19. Z jednej strony rząd musi stosować politykę osłonową całych sektorów gospodarki, z drugiej strony – środki, na działania osłonowe wydawane są poza budżetem.
Obywatelska inicjatywa ustawodawcza w Hiszpanii – regulacja prawna
Authors: Rakowska Anna
Published: June 2024

Obywatelska inicjatywa ustawodawcza jest instytucją demokracji bezpośredniej, która funkcjonuje w Królestwie Hiszpanii od dziesiątków lat. Jej podstawy prawne są przewidziane w Konstytucji i w ustawie organicznej. Lektura przepisów ją regulujących wskazuje na przychylność władzy ustawodawczej dla projektów obywatelskich: świadczą o tym chociażby ułatwienia w zbieraniu podpisów (umożliwienie elektronicznego ich zbierania, w tym także za pośrednictwem prywatnego portalu internetowego), długi czas na zgromadzenie wymaganej ich liczby, wreszcie także zwrot przez państwo kosztów zbierania podpisów w przypadku wniesienia projektu do parlamentu. Obywatele chętnie korzystają z tej formy proponowania konkretnych rozwiązań organom władzy ustawodawczej, jednakże obserwacja praktyki wskazuje, że projekty obywatelskie – z równych przyczyn – nie stają się obowiązującym prawem, nie są uchwalane. Zarówno autorzy projektów obywatelskich, jak i osoby składające swoje podpisy muszą doskonale zdawać sobie sprawę, że występowanie z projektami obywatelskimi ma marne szanse na wprowadzenie projektowanego prawa. Należy więc ocenić, że w Hiszpanii procedurę związaną z przygotowywaniem i wnoszeniem projektów obywatelskich bardziej należy rozpatrywać w kategoriach szansy na prowadzenie debaty publicznej na tematy ważkie społecznie, aniżeli procedury prowadzącej do uchwalenia nowego prawa.
Comparison of the Jackson Uterine Biopsy Forceps with a Fabricated Model of Human Bronchoscopy Biopsy Device for Uterine Biopsy in Bovines
Authors: Prathap Gaythri , Simon Shibu , Becha B. Bibin , Emamudeen Niyas , Vidya V.K. , Murali Revathy , Babu Anila
Published: June 2024

Background: Uterine biopsy is considered as the most conclusive and efficient method for diagnosis of subclinical endometritis especially to evaluate further reproductive efficiency. Methods: The present study was conducted at ULF and FRDS, Mannuthy to compare the efficacy of two devices in obtaining histopathological samples for the diagnosis of subclinical endometritis (SCE) in crossbred dairy cows at 30 and 40 days postpartum. The two devices used were the Jacksons uterine biopsy forceps (Jorvet, USA) and a slimmer stainless-steel biopsy forceps with a circular cupped jaw, fabricated similar to human bronchoscopy biopsy device. Result: The Jacksons uterine biopsy forceps was used in 35 cows to collect the samples. Manoeuvring this forceps through the cervix was found to be difficult and only in 16 out of the 35 animals (45.71%) collection for both days was successful, while in 14 animals (40%) samples could be collected only on day 30 of observation and in remaining 5 animals (14.29%) no samples could be collected on both the days of observation. In those animals where samples could be procured, bigger jaw of the Jacksons forceps resulted in larger sample size which may slightly delay healing. The fabricated biopsy forceps was used in 10 animals and because of its slim structure, it was possible to collect samples in all of them (100%). The smaller jaw ensured that the sample obtained was smaller and thus minimalizing tissue damage, contamination with blood and possibly promoting a swifter healing. Tissue sections were examined for pathological changes in the endometrium involving surface epithelium, lamina propria, endometrial glands and vascular inflammatory status. The samples obtained using the modified forceps provided sufficient data for the diagnosis of SCE similar to the traditional device. Thus, the fabricated uterine biopsy forceps, which is comparatively much cheaper, can be used with more ease in indigenous/crossbred cows and heifers which have smaller cervices.
African swine fever: analysing its epidemiology, pathogenesis and control strategies: a review
Authors: Ranganatha S. , Rathnamma D. , Isloor S. , Hiremath J. , Chandranaik B.M. , Shivashankar B.P. , Shyamsundar K.A. , Rashmi L. , Patil S.S.
Published: June 2024

African Swine Fever Virus (ASFV) poses a significant threat to global swine populations, with devastating economic and agricultural implications. This review article provides a comprehensive examination of various facets of ASFV, encompassing its structure, entry mechanism, transmission dynamics, clinical signs, pathogenesis, diagnosis and control strategies. The complex virion architecture, including the multilayered core and distinctive outer envelope, is explored, shedding light on key elements influencing the virus’s stability and infectivity. The intricate mechanisms governing ASFV entry into host cells are discussed, emphasizing the interplay between viral proteins and cellular receptors. Insight into the virus-host interaction provides a foundation for understanding the initial stages of infection, influencing subsequent pathogenesis. Transmission dynamics, a critical aspect of ASFV epidemiology, are examined, encompassing both direct and indirect modes of spread. Factors influencing the persistence of ASFV in diverse environments and the role of vectors in disease dissemination are explored to elucidate the complex transmission pathways. Clinical signs and pathogenesis of ASFV infection are thoroughly reviewed, outlining the diverse manifestations in swine species. The immunopathological responses and host factors influencing disease severity are discussed, enhancing our understanding of ASFV pathobiology. A comprehensive understanding of diagnostic tools is pivotal for timely and accurate disease detection, enabling swift intervention measures. In conclusion, this review provides a nuanced and integrative overview of ASFV, offering valuable insights for researchers, veterinarians and policymakers engaged in combatting this significant threat to the swine industry.
Effect of Enzyme Supplementation on Nutrient Utilization and Production Performance in Lactating Murrah Buffaloes
Authors: Kumar Anuj , Kumar Amit , Singh D.K. , Roy Debashis , Singh Manoj Kumar , Fahim Ahmad , Sarkar T.K. , Kumar Rohit
Published: June 2024

Background: Enzyme stimulates metabolic and digestive processes leading to increased feed intake and improved nutrient availability in animals. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of enzyme supplementation on nutrient utilization and production performance in lactating Murrah Buffaloes during winter season. Methods: Twenty four lactating Murrah buffaloes were selected for the study from Livestock Research Centre, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture and Technology, Modipuram, Meerut (UP). All the selected animals were randomly allocated into four treatment groups having six animals in each group on the basis of body weight, lactation length and milk yield. The daily nutrient requirements of lactating Murrah buffaloes in term of DM, DCP and TDN were provided as per the feeding standards of Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi (2013). Total Mixed Ration for buffaloes was prepared by mixing of roughage and concentrates in the ratio of 60:40 after grinding/chaffing. Roughage part was consisting of available winter season green fodder e.g. oat and wheat straw available at research centre. Feeding trial was planned into four treatment groups viz. T1 (Basal diet without enzyme supplementation), T2 (Basal diet with supplementation of Xylanase @ 800000 IU), T3 (Basal diet with supplementation of Cellulase @ 240000 IU) and T4 (Basal diet with supplementation of Xylanase @ 800000 IU and Cellulase @ 240000 IU). Result: From the present study, it was observed that the average milk yield (5.34 litre/day) was higher in T4 as compared to other treatment groups, but the difference was non-significant. The average milk fat percent was recorded as 7.52, 7.58. 7.60 and 7.65 in T1, T2, T3 and T4 treatment groups, respectively. Although the results of T4 group animals were comparatively higher in all major milk constituents the differences were found to be statistically non-significant. The average DM intake (kg/d, kg/100 kg BW and g/kg W0.75) and CP intake (g/d, g/100 kg BW) were almost similar in all treatment groups. The TDN intake (kg/d, kg/100 kg BW and g/kg W0.75) was significantly (P less than 0.05) higher in enzyme supplemented groups. The digestibility coefficient of CP, CF, NDF and ADF were higher (P less than 0.05) in buffaloes of T4 over control (T1) group. So, it was concluded from the above study that the milk production and milk composition could be improved with the combine use of Xylanase and Cellulase enzyme in murrah buffaloes due to improved CP and fibre digestibility.
Investigation of The Potentials of Sisal-Palm Slag Composites as Materials for Asbestos-Free Brake Pad
Authors: Anibaba Adebola Daniel , Adekunle Nurudeen Olatunde , Anyanwu Benedict Uche , Akinyele Joseph Olawale
Published: June 2024

Asbestos conventionally used as frictional materials in brake pads causes environmental pollution and is unsafe for human health. This study’s goal was to assess alternative brake pads made from sisal-palm slag. Ten composite brake pads were produced by combining sisal-palm slag with epoxy resin, silica and steel slag using formulations obtained from the rule of mixture experimental design method. The produced brake pad composites physical properties (density (ρ), porosity (φ) and tribo-mechanical properties (wear rate (Ŵ), hardness (HB), compressive strength (σ) were evaluated. From the results, the control sample (Auto-boss brake pad) recorded values of 1.7800 g/cm3, 18%, 1.127 mg/min, 110BHN and 43.204N/mm2 for ρ, φ, Ŵ, HB and σ respectively. The best performing sample was sample 5 with recorded values of 1.3329 g/cm3, 23.40%, 1.143mg/min, 102.28BHN and 39.642 N/mm2 respectively, while sample 9 was the least performing samples with recorded values of 1.3123 g/cm3, 30.43%, 1.571mg/min, 76.77BHN and 26.74 N/mm2 for the above parameters respectively. The study showed that the produced samples offered comparable performance to that of asbestos-based and hence could serve as possible replacement for them.Keywords: Brake Pad, Asbestos, Pin on Disc Wear Tester, Hardness, Sisal, Palm Slag, Porosity
Prevention Stunting in Desa Kasiyan through MPASI Education and Nutritious Food with 019 Collaborative KKN Students
Authors: Kansha Hasri Ainun  , Eka Winda Muchlisah Putri  , Intan Fauza Az-Zahra  , Fikri Kamal Fashah  , Yani  , Dewi Safitri  , Ritfan Valentino Febriansyah  , Muhammad Reza  , Lisa Qurrotu Aini  , Wardatus Sholehah  , Ahmad Jailani  , Ach. Dwi Ibra Arrafi  , Dina Via Rakhmatul Hikhmah
Published: June 2024

Stunting describes a state of chronic lack of nutritional status that occurs during a period of growth and development from an early age. Stunting is one of the problems currently being the focus of the Indonesian government. Stunting prevention efforts can be started from the surrounding environment through education from related parties. This encourages the Jember Collaborative KKN team to help with problems in the community. There are various factors that can lead to stunting in children under five, including the individual characteristics of toddlers and socioeconomic aspects. This research was conducted as an observation in Kasiyan Village, Puger District, Jember Regency. Due to the lack of knowledge of the villagers about stunting, the Jember Collaborative KKN students worked together with the village government to invite the residents back to counseling activities to prevent stunting. This activity includes information on steps to prevent and treat stunting. In addition, it also explains the impact of gaps that may arise if a clean and healthy lifestyle is not implemented, which can contribute to stunting in children. Jember Collaborative KKN students also conducted demonstrations to villagers, especially mothers, regarding how to provide complementary food for ASI (breast milk) that is suitable, economical, and easy to obtain from the surrounding environment. From this activity, students hope to achieve results and goals, namely the high enthusiasm of the residents so that extension activities can run smoothly. Villagers no longer feel alien to the concept of stunting and have knowledge on how to prevent it, including proper complementary feeding. It is hoped that this new knowledge will be able to be applied by the target community to provide the needs of solids and nutritious food for the baby. This activity begins with organizing in the form of a Business Model Canvas (BMC) and then proceeds to the process in the field.
Facile synthesis of Ag/AgCl/PAF-54 heterojunction photocatalysts for TC degradation
Authors: Lin Yonghui , Gan Letian , Zhao Xiaojun , Che Guang , Wang Shicheng , Pan Qinhe
Published: June 2024

Photocatalysis plays an increasingly important role in the field of water treatment. Among the catalysts, Ag nanoparticles (NPs), a type of noble metal NP, show extraordinary potential for photocatalysis. Nevertheless, the aggregation caused by high surface energy limits their applications. The simple synthesis of Ag NPs with uniform size remains a challenge. In this work, a nitrogen-rich porous organic polymer (POP) with reduction ability, porous aromatic framework (PAF)-54, was chosen as the carrier for the in-situ synthesis of Ag NPs. By virtue of the reducing framework of PAF-54 and the formation of the AgCl/PAF-54 heterojunction, the in-situ reduction of Ag(I) was realized, and thus Ag NPs with the particle size of 20-25 nm were uniformly distributed on PAF-54, which exhibit a strong localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) effect. Furthermore, the Ag/AgCl/PAF-54 heterojunction effectively suppresses the recombination of photogenerated electrons and holes, leading to the enhanced photocatalytic ability of the composite material. Even with a small catalyst dosage, rapid tetracycline (TC) degradation can be achieved, and the degradation rate of TC reached 94.8% in 30 min. This study offers a facilitated approach for fabricating Ag-based POP composites with superior photocatalytic properties.
Pangenomic analysis identifies correlations between Akkermansia species and subspecies and human health outcomes
Authors: Mueller Katherine D. , Panzetta M. Emilia , Davey Lauren , McCann Jessica R. , Rawls John F. , Flores Gilberto E. , Valdivia Raphael H.
Published: June 2024

Aim: Akkermansia are common members of the human gastrointestinal microbiota. The prevalence of these mucophilic bacteria, especially Akkermansia muciniphila (A. muciniphila ), correlates with immunological and metabolic health. The genus Akkermansia in humans includes species with significantly larger genomes than A. muciniphila , leading us to postulate that this added genetic content may influence how they impact human metabolic and immunological health.

Methods: We conducted a pangenomic analysis of 234 Akkermansia complete or near-complete genomes. We also used high-resolution species and subspecies assignments to reanalyze publicly available metagenomic datasets to determine if there are relationships between Akkermansia species and A. muciniphila clades with various disease outcomes.

Results: Analysis of genome-wide average nucleotide identity, 16S rRNA gene identity, conservation of core Akkermansia genes, and analysis of the fatty acid composition of representative isolates support the partitioning of the genus Akkermansia into several species. In addition, A. muciniphila sensu stricto , the most prevalent Akkermansia species in humans, should be subdivided into two subspecies. For a pediatric cohort, we observed species-specific correlations between Akkermansia abundance with baseline obesity or after various interventions. For inflammatory bowel disease cohorts, we identified a decreased abundance of Akkermansia in patients with ulcerative colitis or Crohn’s disease, which was species and subspecies-dependent. In patients undergoing immune checkpoint inhibitor therapies for non-small cell lung carcinoma, we observed a significant association between one A. muciniphila subspecies and survival outcomes.

Conclusion: Our findings suggest that the prevalence of specific Akkermansia species and/or subspecies can be crucial in evaluating their association with human health, particularly in different disease contexts, and is an important consideration for their use as probiotics.
The long-term memory of stock markets: unveiling patterns and predictability
Authors: Enow Samuel Tabot
Published: June 2024

The efficient market hypothesis assumes that financial markets fully incorporate all available information, rendering past information irrelevant for predicting future prices. However, numerous studies challenge this notion and suggest the presence of long-term memory in market dynamics. Understanding long-term memory in financial markets has important implications for investors and policymakers. The aim of this study was to empirically investigate long term memory in financial markets. This study employed a Hurst model for a sample of 5 financial markets from June 1, 2018, to June 1, 2023. The findings revealed that four out of the five sampled financial market exhibits long term memory which challenges the efficient market hypothesis concept. Therefore, portfolio managers and active market participants can utilize long-term memory to optimize asset allocation decisions by considering the persistent effects of past returns and adjust portfolio weights to take advantage of potential return predictability and manage risk.
Reconstruction of the role internal auditors in preventing fraud in the regional government: case study inspectorate of Malang City
Authors: Mubarak Ahmad Rizki , Irianto Gugus , Andayani Wuryan
Published: June 2024

This study aims to explain the practice of fraud prevention by internal auditors of the local government of Malang City. The research method used is critical ethnomethodology in the local government environment of Malang City. Seven informants served as key informants. The results showed that the internal auditors of the local government of Malang City have not been able to carry out their role optimally, due to the weak legitimacy of internal auditors, community involvement in fraud prevention programs, and partial fraud prevention activities. As a result, the research findings provide an overview of the regional inspectorate's institutional integration with elements authorized to handle fraud cases, such as BPKP and BPK. The findings of this study suggest that the Malang City Inspectorate should gain legitimacy through regulations, government support, and effective and efficient consultation to identify and prevent fraud.
Understanding performance of public hospitals: operational strategies approach in Kajiado County, Kenya
Authors: Nyaboga Judith , Muathe Stephen Makau
Published: June 2024

The performance of the healthcare sector is crucial for delivering optimal patients care and creating efficient healthcare systems. However, Kajiado County in Kenya faces various challenges that obstruct effective performance. This paper aims to assess the impact of operational strategies on performances of public hospitals in Kajiado County, Kenya. Specifically, it aimed to investigate the effect of information management strategy, continuous quality improvement strategy, innovation strategy, and resources management strategy on hospital performance. This study was anchored on balanced scorecard model, resource-based theory, quality improvement theory, and technology acceptance model, and employed a descriptive research design. Primary data was gathered through questionnaires distributed to full-time healthcare workers, following a successful pilot study in Narok County. Data collection utilized the drop-and-pick later method. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software was used to analyze the data, involving descriptive statistics such as percentages, frequencies, means, and standard deviations while multiple regression model was used to test the relationship between independent variables and the dependent variable. Main findings of the study revealed that there exists a statistically significant relation between information management strategy and hospital performance, as well as continuous quality improvement strategy, innovation strategy, and resource management strategy, respectively. Consequently, the study recommended that the County Health Department should initiate a comprehensive training program for healthcare professionals, collaborate with hospital management to adopt innovative technologies, and identify and address skill gaps while promoting a positive work environment within public hospitals in Kajiado County. These actions aim to enhance hospital performance and ultimately improve patient care in the region.
Influencing Generation Y students’ clothing brand awareness: A gender perspective
Authors: Lues Heleneze-Tiané
Published: June 2024

The Covid-19 pandemic significantly affected the global fashion industry, causing several changes that intensified competition between fashion retailers and brands, making it more challenging to establish or increase clothing brand awareness. Gender plays a crucial role in consumers’ perceptions and decision-making, highlighting the importance of understanding the role of gender in effectively establishing and increasing clothing brand awareness. The objective of the study was to determine whether differences exist in the creation of clothing brand awareness of Generation Y male and female students. This study followed a descriptive research design. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed to students for voluntary completion. A total of 625 completed questionnaires were analysed by performing frequency analysis, descriptive statistics, internal consistency reliability, correlation analysis and regression analysis. After establishing the reliability of the measurement instrument, and confirming significant statistical relationships between all the constructs, multiple linear regression analysis was performed. The findings of the regression analysis revealed that for Generation Y male students, product, store image and advertising of clothing brands significantly influence their awareness of a brand; while for Generation Y female students, the price and advertising of clothing brands significantly influence their awareness of clothing brands. This study contributes to the literature relating to gender studies and brand awareness, and provides practical recommendations for clothing brands and retailers to more effectively establish or strengthen clothing brand awareness among Generation Y male and female consumers, respectively.
Reporting Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in Romanian listed companies
Authors: Bratu Ana Maria
Published: June 2024

A significant challenge facing companies is to identify and implement sustainable best practices within their corporate strategies in order to align with the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This study aims to assess companies' perspectives on sustainable development and their approaches to its integration, focusing in particular on the social dimension. The research aims to examine the reporting of the SDGs adopted and implemented by four listed companies. Using a case study methodology, this article analyses the sustainability reports of OMV Petrom, One United Properties, Sphera Franchise Group and Alro for the year 2022. In addition to sustainability disclosure requirements, these reports provide information on the impact of companies on environmental, social and governance factors. Specifically, the inclusion of information related to the SDGs in the sustainability reports of these four companies differentiates them, as they represent a minority among Romanian companies in reporting such data. The novelty of the study consists in its contribution to the existing literature by providing an insight into the sustainability practices adopted and implemented by major Romanian companies.
CRISPR/Cas Mediated Genome Engineering in Plants: Application and Future Prospective
Authors: Mishra Swetaleena , Nayak Subhendu , Tuteja Narendra , Poosapati Sowmya , Swain Durga Madhab , Sahoo Rajan Kumar
Published: June 2024

Genetic engineering has become an essential element in developing climate-resilient crops and environmental sustainable solutions to respond to the increasing need for global food security. Genome editing using CRISPR/Cas [Clustered regulatory interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)-associated protein (Cas)] technology is being applied to a variety of organisms, including plants. This technique has become popular because of its high specificity, effectiveness, and low production cost. Therefore, this technology has the potential to revolutionize agriculture and contribute to global food security. Over the past few years, increasing efforts have been seen in its application in developing higher-yielding, nutrition rich, disease resistant, stress-tolerant “crops” fruits and vegetables. Cas proteins such as Cas9, Cas12, Cas13, and Cas14, among others, have distinct architectures and have been used to create new genetic tools that improve features that are important for agriculture. The versatility of Cas has accelerated genomic analysis and facilitated the use of CRISPR/Cas to manipulate and alter nucleic acid sequences in cells of different organisms. This review provides the evolution of CRISPR technology exploring its mechanisms and contrasting it with traditional breeding and transgenic approaches to improve different stress tolerance. We have also discussed the CRISPR/Cas system and explored three Cas proteins that are currently known to exist: Cas12, Cas13, and Cas14 and their potential to generate foreign DNA free or non-transgenic crops that could be easily regulated for commercialization in most countries.
A Comprehensive Review on Alcohol Abuse Disorders Fatality, from Alcohol Binge to Alcoholic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Argo Antonina , Puntarello Maria , Pitingaro Walter , Buscemi Roberto , D'Anna Tommaso , Malta Ginevra , Albano Giuseppe Davide , Zerbo Stefania
Published: June 2024

Frequent and excessive consumption of alcohol, be it episodic or sustained misuse, ranks among the top causes of mortality globally. This comprehensive analysis seeks to elucidate how alcohol misuse precipitates death, with a particular focus on associated cardiac anomalies. Notably, the phenomenon of "Holiday Heart Syndrome," linked to binge drinking, is recognized for inducing potentially fatal cardiac arrhythmias. Moreover, persistent alcohol consumption is implicated in the development of alcoholic cardiomyopathy, a condition that underlies heart failure and arrhythmic disturbances of the heart. Additionally, individuals undergoing withdrawal from alcohol frequently exhibit disruptions in normal heart rhythm, posing a risk of death. This review further delves into additional alcohol-related mortality factors, including the heightened likelihood of hypertension, cerebrovascular accidents (strokes), and the connection between excessive alcohol use and Takotsubo syndrome.
Evolutionary and Phylogenetic Dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 Variants: A Genetic Comparative Study of Taiyuan and Wuhan Cities of China
Authors: Hussain Behzad , Changxin Wu
Published: June 2024

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a positive sense single stranded RNA genome containing virus which has infected millions of people all over the world particularly China. The virus has been mutating rapidly enough resulting in the emergence of new variants and sub-variants which have reportedly been spread from Wuhan city of China, the epicenter of the virus, to the rest of China and all over the world. The occurrence of mutations in the viral genome especially in the viral spike protein region has resulted in the evolution of multiple variants and sub-variants which gives the virus benefit of host immune evasion and render the modern-day vaccines and therapeutics ineffective. Therefore, there is a continuous need to study the genetic characteristics and evolutionary dynamics of the SARS-CoV-2 variants. Hence, in this study, a total of 833 complete genomes of SARS-CoV-2 variants (including the wild-type or reference sequence) from Taiyuan and Wuhan cities of China were genetically characterized and studies their phylogenetic and evolutionary dynamics using phylogenetics, genetic similarity, and phylogenetic network analysis. Our results show a lot of useful information regarding the evolutionary dynamics of the viral variants, their genetic similarities/dissimilarities, and their phylogenetic relationships. It has been reported in this study that the SARS-CoV-2 variants have nine recombinant events which suggest very important information regarding the viral evolution. In addition, the phylogenetic network analysis shows the number of mutations resulting in emergence and clustering of the viral variants of both cities which reveal significant information regarding the phylodynamics of the virus. This study, to the best of our knowledge, is the first ever genetic comparative study of Taiyuan and Wuhan cities. This study will help better understand the virus, cope with the emergence, and spread of new variants at local level as well as at international level and inform the public health authorities to make better informed decisions in designing new viral vaccines and therapeutics.
Development of a GIS-based Autonomous Soil Drilling Robot for Efficient Tree Cultivation and Orchard Planting
Authors: ECEOĞLU Osman , ÜNAL İlker
Published: June 2024

A typical orchard's mechanical operation consists of three or four stages: lining, digging for plantation, moving the seedling from nurseries to the farm, moving the seedling to the planting hole, and planting the seedling in the hole. However, the digging the planting hole is the most time-consuming operation. In fruit orchards, robots' usage is increasingly becoming more prevalent to increase operational efficiency. They offer practical and effective services to both industry and people, whether they are assigned to plant trees, reduce the use of chemical fertilizers, or carry heavy loads to relieve staff. Robots can operate for extended periods of time and can highly adept at repetitive tasks like planting many trees. The present study aims to identify the locations for planting trees in orchards using geographic information systems (GIS), to develop an autonomous drilling machine and use the developed robot to open planting holes. There isn't a comparable study on autonomous hole planting in the literature in this regard. The agricultural mobile robot is a four wheeled nonholonomic robot with differential steering and forwarding capability to stable target positions. The designed mobile robot can be used in fully autonomous, partially autonomous, or fully manual modes. The drilling system, which is a y-axis shifter driven by a DC motor with reducer includes an auger with a 2.1 HP gasoline engine. SOLIDWORKS software was used for designing and drawing of the mobile robot and drilling system. The Microsoft Visual Basic.NET programming language was used to create the robot navigation system and drilling mechanism software. The cross-track error (XTE), which determines the distances between the actual and desired holes positions, was utilized to analyze the steering accuracy of the mobile robot to the drilling spots. Consequently, the average of the arithmetic means was determined to be 4.35 cm, and the standard deviation was 1.73 cm. This figure indicates that the suggested system is effective for drilling plant holes in orchards.
The Role of Aging and Senescence in Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Response and Toxicity
Authors: Jain Sidharth S. , Burton Sojo Giselle , Sun Harry , Friedland Benjamin N. , McNamara Megan E. , Schmidt Marcel O. , Wellstein Anton
Published: June 2024

Cellular senescence accumulates with age and has been shown to impact numerous physiological and pathological processes, including immune function. The role of cellular senescence in cancer is multifaceted, but the impact on immune checkpoint inhibitor response and toxicity has not been fully evaluated. In this review, we evaluate the impact of cellular senescence in various biological compartments, including the tumor, the tumor microenvironment, and the immune system on immune checkpoint inhibitor efficacy and toxicity. We provide an overview of the impact of cellular senescence in normal and pathological contexts and examine recent studies that have connected aging and cellular senescence to immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment in both the pre-clinical and clinical contexts. Overall, senescence plays a multi-faceted, context-specific role, and has been shown to modulate immune-related adverse event incidence as well as immune checkpoint inhibitor response.
A Head-to-Head Comparison of the First-Line Treatments for Locally Advanced or Metastatic Urothelial Cancer: Has Chemotherapy Still a Role?
Authors: Gasperoni Lorenzo , Del Bono Luna , Ossato Andrea , Giunta Emilio Francesco , Messori Andrea , Damuzzo Vera
Published: June 2024

Background: Patients with locally advanced/metastatic urothelial cancer have been conventionally treated with platinum-based chemotherapy. Recently, numerous new treatments have been proposed to improve overall survival (OS) and reduce adverse effects, but no head-to-head direct comparison is available.
Methods: We considered: a) monotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI); b) combinations of an ICI with chemotherapy; c) combinations of an ICI with other drugs. An indirect comparison was performed to identify the regimens most effective in prolonging OS compared to each other and to chemotherapy.
Results: A total of 6 articles were included. In our final analysis, nivolumab plus chemotherapy showed better OS compared to chemotherapy (HR= 0.70, 95%CI: .59-0.82); while durvalumab plus tremelimumab showed no OS benefit (HR=0.95, 95%CI 0.82-1.11). More interestingly, enfortumab vedotin plus pembrolizumab significantly prolonged OS compared to both chemotherapy alone (HR=0.53, 95%CI 0.45-0.63) and nivolumab plus chemotherapy (HR= 0.76, 95%CI 0.60-0.97).

Discussion and conclusion: Among new treatments for locally advanced and metastatic urothelial
cancer, enfortumab vedotin + pembrolizumab showed the best efficacy in terms of OS. Our results
support the use of this combination as first-line treatment in this setting.
Secure by Design Real-Time IoMT Architecture for e-Health Population Monitoring (RTPM)
Authors: Marchang Jims , McDonald Jade , Keishing Solan , Zoughalian Kavyan , Mawanda Raymond , Delhon-Bugard Corentin , Bouillet Nicolas
Published: June 2024

The healthcare sector has undergone a profound transformation, owing to the influential role played by IoMT (Internet of Medical Things) technology. However, there are substantial concerns over these devices' security and privacy-preserving nature. Current literature on IoMT tends to focus on specific security features like data confidentiality or data integrity or data availability or access control and most solutions are simulated and not tested in a real-world live network. This paper proposes a smart secure by design solution that safeguards user’s data during health and wellbeing monitoring of patients locally (home, care-home, and hospital) and remotely. The proposed innovative solution is known as Secure by Design Real Time IoMT Architecture for e-Health Population Monitoring (RTPM) for smart hospitals and any healthcare monitoring management. In this system, keys can also be generated by the patient monitoring system independent to maintain high privacy standard and trust during the monitoring process and to enable the IoMT devices run independently even if the server is compromised and are made safe from external exploits to the client nodes. However, the session keys are controlled by the trusted IoMT server to lighten the IoMT devices overheads and the session keys are securely exchanged between the client system and the monitoring server. The proposed RTPM focuses on addressing the major security requirements for an IoMT system: confidentiality, integrity, availability, conducts authentication, protect from DoS attacks and prevent from non-repudiation attack of patient medical data and the devices in a real time, sensory data communication environment for live e-health monitoring. A secure communication is tested by capturing the live network traffic and the system’s performance analysis of RTPM using different security algorithms with different key sizes of RSA, AES, and SHA shows that resource constraint low powered system can also successfully integrate with high-end state-of-the-art secure parameters and features and have the potential to support real time secure interaction. A stress test is also conducted to ensure that the system can withstand huge key sizes and different data types including multi-media information.
Atmospheric Aircraft Conceptual Design Based on Multidisciplinary Optimization with Differential Evolution Algorithm and Neural Networks
Authors: Lukyanov Oleg , Hoang Van Hung , Kurkin Evgenii , Quijada-Pioquinto Jose Gabriel
Published: June 2024

A methodology for selecting rational parameters of atmospheric aircrafts at the initial stages of design using an optimization algorithm of differential evolution and numerical mathematical modeling of aerodynamics problems is proposed. The technique involves the implementation of weight and aerodynamic balance in the main flight modes, has the ability to consider atmospheric aircrafts with one or two lifting surfaces, apply parallel calculations and automatically generate a three-dimensional geometric model of aircraft appearance based on the optimization results. A method for accelerating the process of optimizing the parameters of an aircraft in terms of take-off weight by more than three times by introducing a objective function into a set of design variables is proposed and demonstrated. The results of assessing the reliability of the used mathematical models of aerodynamics and the correctness of the calculation the objective function, taking into account various constraints, are presented. A comprehensive test of the performance and efficiency of the methodology is considered by solving demonstration problems to optimize more than ten main design parameters the appearance of two existing heavy-class unmanned aerial vehicles with known characteristics from open sources.
Ionic Components of Particulate Matter 2.5 May Affect Daily Prevalence of Skin Symptoms in Patients With Allergies
Authors: Odajima Hiroshi , Matsuzaki Hiroshi , Akamine Yuko , Kojima Kaoru , Sugiyama Ayako , Murakami Yoko , Yoshino Ayako , Takami Akinori , Hayakawa Kazuichi , Hara Akinori , Nakamura Hiroyuki
Published: June 2024

(1)Background：To date, no studies have epidemiologically examined whether the concentration of particulate matter (PM) 2.5 and its ionic components is related to the prevalence of skin symptoms. Therefore, this study aimed to clarify this association in patients with allergic diseases. (2)Methods: From February 1 to May 31, 2020, we evaluated the daily prevalence of skin symptoms in outpatients with allergic diseases being treated at Fukuoka Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan, and measured the concentration of PM2.5 and its ionic components. （3）Results: Univariate analysis showed a statistically significant association between skin symptoms and the concentration of PM2.5 and the ionic components SO42-, NH4+, K+, and Mg2+, and multivariate analysis showed a statistically significant association between the daily prevalence of skin symptoms and the concentration of the ionic components SO42- or Mg2+. (4)Conclusions: Our findings indicate that the concentration of some PM2.5 ionic components may affect skin symptoms in patients with allergic diseases.