bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Innovative alimentary technologies in the system of public health
Authors: Grebnyak M.P. , Kirsanova O.V. , Taranov V.V.
Published: May 2019

Three quarters of the population suffer from alimentary diseases. Dietology is an integral part of the treatment process. It significantly improves the effectiveness of treatment in the public health system. The dominant feature of it is the creation of the design of health programs for the sick person.

Purpose of the Study. Substantiation of innovative alimentary technologies of dietary support in the system of public health.

Materials and Methods of Research. The materials of the official reports of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine and UNAIDS about the state of health of the population for 2014-2016 are analyzed. Medical and statistical method and the method of system analysis were used.

Results of the Study and Discussion. The current state of Ukrainian community population health is characterized by crisis phenomena. The age-standardized mortality from non-infectious diseases is significantly higher than in the European Region and the World as a whole. Especially high mortality is in men. The transformation of the age structure of the population makes the «crisis of aging» closer. Specific features of morbidity include high levels of primary morbidity of the working age population and a significant accumulation of chronic pathology in old age. This fact determines the increase of the volume of medical services and the widespread use of innovative alimentary technologies, which serve as a necessary background for therapeutic agents.

Conclusions. Public health of the population of Ukraine is characterized by high mortality from non-infectious diseases, marked demographic aging, high level of primary morbidity of the working age population, polymorbidity in older age. Due to critical phenomena in the state of public health of the population, the volume of necessary assistance substantially increases and requires the intensive application of innovative nutritional technologies. Promising alimentary technologies are metabolic therapy, nutritional support and dietary support of the treatment process.

Key Words: alimentary technologies, innovation, health, nutrition.
Comparative assessment of hazard of agricultural products contaminated by amid and triazol class fungicides consumption for children and adolescents of different age
Authors: Stavnichenko P.V. , Antonenko А.М. , Korshun M.M. , Omelchuk S.Т. , Bardov V.G.
Published: May 2019

Annually more than 2 million tons of chemical plant protection products are introduced into the fields of the planet due to the need to preserve the crop. However, with multiple introduction of persistent pesticides, soil can become a source of pollution of crop production.

The Purpose of our work was to predict the danger for children of all ages when consuming agricultural products contaminated with fungicides of the amides and triazoles classes.

Materials and Methods. For an integrated assessment of the potential hazard on a four-graded scale, the allowable daily intake, the half-life in plants, and the average daily consumption of the product were estimated. When estimating the average daily consumption of products for children under the age of 18, the safety coefficients were used.

Results. According to the persistence in agricultural cultures, fungicides cyflufenamide and difenoconazole were classified as hazard classes 3 (moderately stable). By the integral indicator of the danger when consuming pesticide-contaminated products for adults, difenoconazole is very dangerous (grade 4), cyflufenamide —moderately dangerous (grade 3).

Conclusion. It has been established that for children, depending on their age, both studied active substances can be from extremely dangerous for infants and children of preschool age to a low or moderately dangerous for adolescents.

Key Words: risk, pesticides, food products, children.
Intercomparación en Mediciones Superficiales
Authors: Brambilla Nancy , Brusa Daniel , Caselles Juan , Mas Carlos , Schurrer Clemar
Published: May 2019

La trazabilidad en mediciones superficiales de micro y nanoestructuras es condición ineludible para garantizar la calidad en proyectos de innovación, investigación y desarrollo en el espectro disciplinar que abarca las ciencias químicas, biológicas, de materiales, siendo además un requisito para mediciones de rugosidad en la industria. La confiabilidad metrológica (ISO 10012) presupone el uso de instrumentos calibrados, patrones trazables, procedimientos de medición validados y balances de incertidumbre. Estos requerimientos no son habituales en microscopía y representa una debilidad a subsanar. En este trabajo se presentan los resultados de la intercomparación de mediciones de textura superficial en patrones 2D y 3D con cuatro tipos de instrumentos: Rugosímetro, Microscopio Confocal, Microscopio de Fuerza Atómica y Microscopio Electrónico de Barrido. Las evaluaciones de conformidad (ISO 17043) mediante la comparación de los errores normalizados (En), que ponderan los efectos sistemáticos y sus incertidumbres, convalidan el uso de los microscopios como instrumentos metrológicos.
Robots for Cleaning Photovoltaic Panels: State of the Art and Future Prospects
Authors: Grando Marcel nmas Grando Nmas , Maletz Elias Rená , Martins Daniel , Simas Henrique , Simoni Roberto
Published: May 2019

The growing interest in use of renewable energy sources, such as photovoltaic energy systems, occurs due to the high cost of conventional energy sources and the environmental awareness linked to renewable sources. For photovoltaic panels efficient operation, it is necessary the system presents appropriate cleaning conditions to the dirt do not obstruct the solar radiation incidence. In this context, periodic cleaning of photovoltaic panels is an obvious necessity. This work aims to present a market survey and patent analysis on the use of robots to perform cleaning tasks on photovoltaic panels. For that, the Brazilian and international literature were consulted. As a result, it was noted the existence of different solutions for cleaning photovoltaic panels, all with positive and negative aspects in practical terms. With this study it was also possible to map the technology of robotics for cleaning photovoltaic panels.
A Review of Robots for Inspection and Maintenance of Metallic Towers of Electricity Transmission
Authors: Meneghini Luan , Molgaro André Luís , Simoni Roberto , Martins Daniel
Published: May 2019

Transmission towers that support electric power fines are usually inspected manually by workers that climb them and visually inspect to find oxidation points. If oxidation is seen it must be repaired to ensure the integrity of the structure. This process is slow and dangerous for the workers. Due to the possibility of electrical shocks as well as falling from the structures that are around 50 meters high. In recent years the need to substitute human workers in hostile environments by equipments and robots that bring more safety in the realization of these tasks has arisen. In this paper, a bibliographic review of papers that presented conceptions of robots that can climb transmission towers and execute its inspection, search for oxi¬dation points and even do small maintenances is done. Through the use of a patent search methodology a preliminary and a detailed search were done, with a diversity of keywords about the subject as well as its combinations [1]. The preliminary search resulted in 2901 patents, which lead to the detailed search and finally culminated in the analysis of 164 patents, from which four showed technological potential to be analysed in this review.
Caracterización de un Sistema GPS RTK de Bajo Costo
Authors: Pistarelli Marcelo , Pire Taihú , Kofman Ernesto
Published: May 2019

En las últimas décadas la comunidad robótica ha adoptado cada vez más el uso de sensores GPS-RTK para estimar de forma precisa la localización de robots móviles en ambientes exteriores. En este trabajo se presenta la caracterización de un sistema GPS-RTK de bajo costo. A partir del montaje de las unidades base y móvil se adquirieron datos de posición corregidos en tiempo real por el mismo sistema RTK bajo diferentes disposiciones físicas, velocidades de actualización y condiciones ambientales presentándose posteriormente un estudio estadístico de los resultados obtenidos.
TBE in Hungary
Authors: Lakos András , Bán Enikő , Schneider Ferenc , Nagy Anna , Mezei Eszter
Published: May 2019

Hungarian scientists were among the pioneers in Europe as the tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) was isolated in 1952. However, most of their observations were published in the Hungarian language, and therefore not easily accessed by the international medical community. Here the relevant Hungarian data are summarized.
TBE in Belarus
Authors: Erber Wilhelm , Janković Tamara Vuković
Published: May 2019

Almost the entire territory of Belarus is believed to be endemic for tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV), with the Central European subtype, also known as TBEV-EU (Figure 1). In all, 96 counties (i.e., 71.5% of all administrative districts) are considered to be risk areas for tick-borne encephalitis (TBE).
TBE in Norway
Authors: M. Paulsen Katrine , Vikse Rose , Soleng Arnulf , S. Edgar Kristin , Dudman Susanne , Sofie Wiklund Berit , K. Andreassen Åshild
Published: May 2019

Ixodes ricinus ticks are mainly distributed along the Norwegian coastline from Østfold County in the southeast up approximately to 66°N in Nordland County.
TBE in Bosnia and Herzegovina
Authors: Erber Wilhelm , Janković Tamara Vuković
Published: May 2019

Very limited information is available for Bosnia showing the occurrence of TBE. Even though there have been some elder case reports in the northern parts of the country, including alimentary infections, details have not been published.
TBE in the Czech Republic
Authors: Pazdiora Petr
Published: May 2019

The TBE virus (TBEV) was first isolated in the Czech Republic (together in all Central Europe) by Czech specialists in 1948-1949 from both a patient and also from Ixodes ricinus ticks.
Analisis Kualitas Dan Pemanfaatan Air Tanah Di Kecamatan Kota Barat Gorontalo
Authors: Permana Panji
Published: May 2019

Morfologi Kecamatan Kota Barat yang merupakan kecamatan terluas di Kota Gorontalo dominan merupakan dataran aluvial berbatasan langsung dengan Danau Limboto di sebelah barat. Tujuan utama penelitian yakni mengetahui kualitas air tanah di Kecamatan Kota Barat berdasarkan paramater fisika dan kimia serta mengetahui pemanfaatan air tanah dari sumur warga. Untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut maka digunakan dua metode yaitu survei lapangan dan analisis laboratorium. Pendekatan penelitian yang diterapkan terdiri dari dua yakni analisis secara kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan kualitas air tanah didominasi kondisi air jernih 64%, tidak berbau 82%, tidak berasa 92% dan tidak mengandung zat padatan terlarut 90-92%. Untuk analisis kimia kandungan arsen, besi dan nitrat sebagai N dalam batasan aman karena masih dibawah kadar maksimum. Pemanfaatan air tanah dari sumur warga didominasi untuk mandi, cuci dan kakus sebanyak 64%. Ketinggian rata-rata muka air tanah adalah 4,286 meter di atas permukaan air laut.
PENGARUH MICRO WAVE DIATHERMY DAN WILLIAM FLEKSI EXERCISE PADA LOW BACK PAIN E.C. SPONDYLOSIS
Authors: Amin Akhmad Alfajri , Abidin Zainal , Yuspiati Wiwik
Published: May 2019

Latar Belakang : Low Back Pain di Indonesia diperkirakan jumlahnya hampir 90% penduduk pernah mengalami LBP dalam siklus kehidupan dan LBP merupakan keluhan nomer dua yang sering muncul setelah keluhan pada gangguan sistem pernafasan. Angka kejadian LBP di Indonesia tidak diketahui, namun di perkirakan angka parevalensi nyeri punggung bervariasi antara 7,6% sampai 37%. Penelitian ini dilakukan di RSUD dr. H.Soewondo Kendal pada bulan November 2016 dengan mengambil sampel sebanyak 8 orang partisipan. Metode penelitian dengan quasi eksperimen dengan pretest-posttest. Intervensi yang diberikan berupa Micro Wave Diathermy dan William Fleksi.

Tujuan : penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan micro wave diathermy, dan terapi latihan dengan teknik william fleksi pada kasus low back pain et causa spondylosis.

Hasil : Hasil uji normlaitas nilai VAS sebelum terapi sig. 0.857, nilai VAS setelah terapi sig. 0.857, nilai ODI sebelum terapi sig. 0.425 dan nilai ODI sesudah terapi sebesar 0.863, maka data tersebut berada pada > 0,05. Hal ini berarti distribusi data hasil penelitian ini normal, sedangkan untuk uji hipotesis didapatkan sig. 2 tailed untuk uji hipotesis nilai VAS adalah 0.005 dan untuk skor ODI sebesar 0,002., maka data tersebut berada pada <0,05. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa terjadi perubahan yang signifikan untuk penurunan derajat nyeri dan peningkatan aktivitas fungsional partisipan.

Kesimpulan : Penelitian membuktikan bahwa intervensi yang diberikan berupa Micro Wave Diathermy dan William Fleksi efektif dalam mengurangi nyeri dan meningkatkan aktivitas fungsional pasien dengan low back pain et causa spondylosis.
PENGARUH ULTRASOUND DAN TERAPI LATIHAN PADA CARPAL TUNNEL SYNDROME
Authors: Purnomo Didik , Amin Akhmad Alfajri , Ardiningsih Redita Cahyani
Published: May 2019

Latar Belakang : Di Indonesia, prevalensi CTS antara 5,6% sampai dengan 15%. Penelitian Harsono pada pekerja suatu perusahaan ban di Indonesia melaporkan prevalensi CTS pada pekerja sebesar 12,7%. Penelitian ini dilakukan di RSUD dr.R.Soetijono Blora menggunakan sampel sebanyak 8 orang partisipan dengan metode quasi eksperimen jenis pretest-posttest. Intervensi yang diberikan berupa ultrasound dan terapi latihan.

Tujuan : untuk mengetahui pengaruh ultrasound dan terapi latihan pada carpal tunnel syndrome

Hasil : uji normalitas dengan saphiro wilk test didapatkan nilai sig VAS sebelum terapi 0.522, nilai sig VAS sesudah terapi 0.120, nilai sig MMT sebelum terapi 0.297, nilai sig MMT sesudah terapi 0.142, nilai sig WHDI sebelum terapi 0.988 dan nilai sig WHDI sesudah terapi 0.626 karena seluruh nilai sig. >0,05 maka Ho diterima dan Ha ditolak yang berarti distribusi data pada penelitian ini normal. Uji hipotesis dengan paired sample t test mendapatkan hasil untuk nilai VAS sig. 2 tailed sebesar 0,002, untuk nilai MMT sig. 2 tailed sebesar 0,005 dan untuk nilai WHDI sig. 2 tailed sebesar 0,001 dengan sig. 2 tailed < 0,05 berarti Ho ditolak Ha diterima, menunjukkan terjadi perubahan yang signifikan untuk penurunan derajat nyeri, peningkatan kekuatan otot fleksor wrist dan peningkatan fungsional aktivitas partisipan.

Kesimpulan : intervensi yang diberikan berupa ultrasound dan terapi latihan berpengaruh dalam menurunkan derajat nyeri, meningkatkan kekuatan otot fleksor wrist dan kemampauan aktivitas fungsional partisipan.
PENGARUH MIKRO WAVE DIATERMI TERAPI MANUAL DAN TERAPI LATIHAN PADA FROZEN SHOULDER ET CAUSA CAPSULITIS ADHESIVA
Authors: Purnomo Didik , Amin Akhmad Alfajri , . Purwanto
Published: May 2019

Latar belakang : Hasil penelitian RSUP dr. Kariadi Semarang di dapatkan hasil bahwa frozen shoulder berdasarkan usia dapat diketahui bahwa responden sebagian besar adalah lansia akhir berjumlah 13 orang (52%), perempuan berjumlah 17 orang (68%), anak SMA berjumlah 11 orang (44%), serta menderita frozen sholder <6 bulan berjumlah 24 orang (96%). Penelitian ini dilakukan di RSUD dr Loekmono Hadi Kudus pada bulan April 2017 dengan mengambil sampel sebanyak 8 orang partisipan. Metode yang digunakan adalah quasi eksperimen dengan jenis pretest-posttest. Intervensi yang diberikan berupa micro wave diathermy, terapi manipulasi dan terapi latihan.

Tujuan : Mengetahui pengaruh micro wave diathermy, terapi manual dan terapi latihan pada frozen shoulder et causa capsulitis adhesiva.

Hasil : hasil uji normalitas data dengan saphiro wilk test mendapatkan hasil nilai sig. VAS sebelum terapi sebesar 0.557, nilai sig. VAS sesudah terapi sebesar 0.239, nilai sig. SPADI sebelum terapi sebesar 0.622 dan skor SPADI sesudah terapi 0.335 berarti distribusi data tersebut normal. Uji hipotesis menggunakan paired sample t test dengan hasil yang tampak pada tabel 6. Terlihat nilai sig 2 tailed untuk nilai VAS sebesar 0,00 dan sig 2 tailed untuk skor SPADI sebesar 0,000 sedangkan batas kritis 0,05 Dengan demikian hasil penelitian menunjukkan terjadi perubahan yang signifikan pada penurunan derajat nyeri pasien dan peningkatan aktivitas fungsional partisipan.

Kesimpulan : pemberian terapi dengan menggunakan micro wave diathermy, terapi manipuasi dan terapi latihan efektif dalam menurunkan derajat nyeri dan meningkatkan kemampuan aktivitas fungional partisipan
TOURISM PRACTITIONERS’ CAPABILITIES IN COPING WITH HOUSEHOLD ECONOMIC CRISIS POST LOMBOK EARTHQUAKE, AUGUST 5, 2018, ANALYZED THROUGH SOCIO-ECONOMIC FACTORS
Authors: Rosida Lia , Jumail Mohamad
Published: May 2019

Earthquake is one of natural-induced crisis which could cause catastrophes, destructions and loss towards tourism industry and its practitioners. In fact, Lombok earthquake with 7.0 SR (Scala Richter) on August 5, 2018 triggered a huge loss for the inhabitants of North Lombok Regency.  As tourism as one of main economic sectors in this region, this catastrophe was inevitably experienced by the people earning the living in the tourism sector.  The disaster resulted in the fatalities of hundreds of people and destructions of thousands of the buildings lead to the significantly decreasing number of visitors visiting the tourism destinations in this region. Consequently, this automatically resulted in the decline in the income of tourism industries forcing them to manage the financial condition during the crisis by firing non-permanent workers and cutting the working hours as well as the wages of permanent workers.  As part of affected people, the local inhabitants working in the tourism industry with the salary cut off need to find the shortcut and the way out to cope with the economic crisis within their household sphere in order to meet their families’ daily needs.  This qualitative research reveals that socio-economic backgrounds of the informants closely influence their ability to cope with the crisis.
Estrategias comunicativas en la relación de padres e hijos adolescentes, 2018
Authors: Arellanos Tafur Olga Natividad , Arellanos Tafur Rosario del Carmen
Published: May 2019

El siguiente artículo es de naturaleza teórica y tiene por objetivo presentar un análisis de la situación en la que se encuentran los padres de familia en relación con sus hijos adolescentes; así como, una herramienta para mejorar dicha relación familiar. La creación de este tipo de proyectos es importante, ya que presentan experiencias exitosas de otros países; los cuales, presentan programas que pueden ser aplicadas para evitar que se deteriore la comunicación entre padres e hijos adolescentes; ya que se encuentran en una etapa muy difícil. La metodología que se utilizó es de origen mixto y se recurrió a tres de sus técnicas que son la observación, la revisión bibliográfica y de campo. En la ejecución de los talleres se realizaron actividades formativas de interés tanto para padres e hijos que permitieron desarrollar estrategias para lograr una comunicación asertiva   y de esta manera contribuir a la formación integral de los adolescentes y lograr un proyecto de vida.
Factores que influyen en el pH del agua mediante la aplicación de modelos de regresión lineal
Authors: García Sandra Lorena , Arguello Alexandra , Parra Richard , Pincay Pilay Marcela
Published: May 2019

En este artículo se evalúan algunos factores que pudiesen alterar el pH del agua del río Chimbo ubicado en la provincia de Bolívar en Ecuador. La metodología a usar es la de Regresión lineal multiple haciéndo énfasis en el coeficiente de determinación R2 ajustado bajo el criterio de normalidad de datos. Se exponen y contrastan resultados para los distintos modelos estadísticos obtenidos bajo un software libre “R” y se discute la información de estos para el estudio de la calidad del agua en base a su pH. Finalmente, se establece que las variables que más influyen al pH son la alcalinidad, sulfato y cloruro presentes en el agua y se muestran algunas predicciones del pH del agua en base al mejor modelo obtenido.
Efecto de la Segregación de Energías en la Hipótesis de la Curva Ambiental de Kuznets. Un Estudio para el Caso Ecuatoriano.
Authors: Andrade Rojas Gabriela Cristina , Ramón Tacuri Diana Verónica , Roldán Monsalve Diego Fernando , Sarmiento Jara Juan Pablo
Published: May 2019

El presente estudio examina el impacto de variables económicas relacionadas con la energía, sobre la degradación ambiental en Ecuador, bajo el enfoque de la Curva Medioambiental de Kuznets (EKC). Este modelo utilizó el enfoque de cointegración basado en el modelo autorregresivo de rezagos distribuidos (ARDL), durante el periodo 1980-2014, analizándose el impacto del consumo de electricidad de fuentes renovables, del gas natural seco y del de petróleo en términos per cápita, en relación con las emisiones de CO2 por consumo de energía. Los resultados no verifican la hipótesis EKC; sin embargo, se constató que el consumo de energía de fuentes renovables no es significativo para el modelo. Los pronósticos para el 2025 indican un aumento de las emisiones de CO2 por el consumo de energía en el Ecuador.
Forced Postures in Courgette Greenhouse Workers
Authors: Gómez-Galán Marta , González-Parra Juana-María , Pérez-Alonso José , Golasi Iacopo , Callejón-Ferre Ángel-Jesús
Published: May 2019

Occupational health and safety allows the prevention of occupational diseases and accidents. Agriculture is one of the sectors in which it is important to prevent the musculoskeletal disorders that workers usually develop. The objective of this study is the evaluation of postures adopted by courgette farmers in greenhouses of the Almeria-type. OWAS (Ovako Working Posture Assessment System), an ergonomic evaluation method, is used and applied after making observations to the postures adopted by the workers who were previously video recorded. The results concluded that the four risk levels established by OWAS appeared, with 37.14% being the highest rate and belonging to risk level 2, 33.33% to risk level 1, 28.57% to risk level 3, and 0.95% to risk level 4. Therefore, depending on the severity of the postures adopted in each task, the need for changes in a short, medium, or long period of time was concluded.
Genome-Wide Association Study of H/L Traits in Chicken
Authors: Zhu Bo , Li Qinghe , Liu Ranran , Zheng Maiqing , Wen Jie , Zhao Guiping
Published: May 2019

Presently, the heterophil-to-lymphocyte (H/L) ratio is being studied extensively as a disease resistance trait. Through intricate mechanisms to identify and destroy pathogenic microorganisms, heterophils play a pivotal role in the immune defense systems of avian species. To reveal the genetic basis and molecular mechanisms affecting the H/L ratio, phenotypic and H/L data from 1650 white feather chicken broilers were used in performing a genome-wide association study. A self-developed, chicken-specific 55K chip was used for heterophils, lymphocytes, and H/L classification, according to individual genomic DNA profiles. We identified five significant single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) when the genome-wide significance threshold was set to 5% (p < 2.42 × 10−6). A total of 15 SNPs obtained seemingly significant levels (p < 4.84 × 10−5). Gene annotation indicated that CARD11 (Caspase recruitment domain family member 11), BRIX1 (Biogenesis of ribosomes BRX1), and BANP (BTG3 associated nuclear protein) play a role in H/L-associated cell regulation and potentially constitute candidate gene regions for cellular functions dependent on H/L ratios. These results lay the foundation for revealing the genetic basis of disease resistance and future marker-assisted selection for disease resistance.
Seismic Response of Steel Moment Frames (SMFs) Considering Simultaneous Excitations of Vertical and Horizontal Components, Including Fling-Step Ground Motions
Authors: Shahbazi Shahrokh , Karami Armin , Hu Jong Wan , Mansouri Iman
Published: May 2019

Near-field (NF) earthquakes have drawn considerable attention from earthquake and structural engineers. In the field of earthquake engineering, numerous studies have identified the devastating nature of such earthquakes, and examined the characteristics related to the response of engineering structures to these types of earthquakes. Herein, special steel moment frames (SMFs) of three-, five-, and eight-story buildings have been examined via a nonlinear time history analysis in OpenSees software. The behavioral seismic differences of these frames have been evaluated in two states: (1) under the simultaneous excitation of the horizontal and vertical constituents of near-field earthquakes that have Fling-steps in their records; and (2) under simultaneous excitation of the horizontal and vertical constituents of far-field (FF) earthquakes. In addition, during modeling, the effects of panel zones have been considered. Considering that the simultaneous effects of the horizontal and vertical constituents of near-field earthquakes were subjected to a fling-step resulting in an increased inter-story drift ratio, the horizontal displacement of stories, an axial force of columns, created the moment in columns, base shearing of the structure, and velocity and acceleration of the stories.
Quantum-Key-Distribution (QKD) Networks Enabled by Software-Defined Networks (SDN)
Authors: Wang Hua , Zhao Yongli , Nag Avishek
Published: May 2019

As an important support for quantum communication, quantum key distribution (QKD) networks have achieved a relatively mature level of development, and they face higher requirements for multi-user end-to-end networking capabilities. Thus, QKD networks need an effective management plane to control and coordinate with the QKD resources. As a promising technology, software defined networking (SDN) can separate the control and management of QKD networks from the actual forwarding of the quantum keys. This paper systematically introduces QKD networks enabled by SDN, by elaborating on its overall architecture, related interfaces, and protocols. Then, three-use cases are provided as important paradigms with their corresponding schemes and simulation performances.
Evaluation of Calf Muscle Reflex Control in the ‘Ankle Strategy’ during Upright Standing Push-Recovery
Authors: Pang Muye , Xu Xiangui , Tang Biwei , Xiang Kui , Ju Zhaojie
Published: May 2019

Revealing human internal control mechanisms during environmental interaction remains paramount and helpful in solving issues related to human-robot interaction. Muscle reflexes, which can directly and rapidly modify the dynamic behavior of joints, are the fundamental control loops of the Central Nervous System. This study investigates the calf muscle reflex control in the “ankle strategy” for human push-recovery movement. A time-increasing searching method is proposed to evaluate the feasibility of the reflex model in terms of predicting real muscle activations. Constraints with physiological implications are imposed to find the appropriate reflex gains. The experimental results show that the reflex model fits over 90% of the forepart of muscle activation. With the increasing of time, the Variance Accounted For (VAF) values drop to below 80% and reflex gains lose the physiology meaning. By dividing the muscle activation into two parts, the reflex formula is still workable for the rest part, with different gains and lower VAF values. This result may indicate that reflex control could more likely dominate the forepart of the push-recovery motion and an analogous control mechanism is still feasible for the rest of the motion part, with different gains. The proposed method provides an alternative way to obtain the human internal control mechanism desired for human-robot interaction task.
Numerical Investigation on Ultimate Compressive Strength of Welded Stiffened Plates Built by Steel Grades of S235–S390
Authors: Li Chenfeng , Dong Sen , Wang Tingce , Xu Weijun , Zhou Xueqian
Published: May 2019

The welded stiffened plate is widely used in naval architecture and offshore engineering as a basic structural member. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of welding residual stress and steel grade on the ultimate strength of stiffened plates under uniaxial compressive load by non-linear finite element analysis. Nineteen stiffened plates built with three types of stiffeners with various column slenderness ratios provided in the ISSC’2000 VI.2 benchmark calculations are employed in the present study. The commercial finite element code ABAQUS is applied to simulate the collapse behavior of the stiffened plates and verified against the benchmark calculations. Fabrication-related imperfections, such as initial deflections and residual stresses, are accounted for in the simulations. The ultimate strength of stiffened plates built in common shipbuilding steels, namely S235, S315, S355 and S390, are investigated by varying the yield strength of materials in the simulation. Analysis of the numerical results shows that the welding residual stress reduces the ultimate strength of stiffened plates, and increase in yield strength of the material can effectively improve the ultimate strength of common ship stiffened plates; and quantitative analyses of their influences have also been performed.
Underfloor Heating Using Ceramic Thermal Panels and Solar Thermal Panels in Public Buildings in the Mediterranean: Energy Savings and Healthy Indoor Environment
Authors: Echarri-Iribarren Víctor , Rizo-Maestre Carlos , Sanjuan-Palermo José Luis
Published: May 2019

Radiant floor air conditioning systems based on capillary tube mats, in addition to offering high comfort standards, generate significant energy savings. They allow the use of renewable energies such as thermal solar panels and combine them with solar cooling systems based on lithium chloride or absorption systems with lithium bromide in summer, cooling water down to 15–16 °C through solar thermal panel energy collection. Thus, in addition to energy savings from the transport of low water flows, annual energy demand is also reduced. This research analyses the application of thermal ceramic panels (TCP)—containing polypropylene (PPR) tube capillary mats—to public buildings in the Spanish Mediterranean. A case study of the Museum of the University of Alicante (MUA) is presented. Water was distributed individually from a split system heat pump inside the building combined with a thermal solar panel system on the roof. The MUA’s annual energy demand was quantified using thermal simulation tools and was monitored during the entire one-year cycle. Simulations were conducted both for the radiant floor system and an all-air conventional convective system, as well as with solar thermal panel applications. The reduction in annual energy demand was 24.91% when TCP panels are used on the floor. This is a considerable value, but lower than others results obtained in Central Europe due to the higher values of humidity. When solar thermal panels are installed on the rooftop the energy savings can increase to 60.70%.
Study on Fatigue Characteristics and Interlayer Design Method of Waterproof Cohesive Bridge Deck Layer
Authors: Fang Naren , Wang Xuancang , Ye Hongyu , Sun Yaoning , Su Ziyuan , Yuan Lun
Published: May 2019

Shear fatigue damage to the waterproof cohesive layer has not received enough attention in bridge deck pavement design. Meanwhile, there is less theoretical basis for the design of a waterproof cohesive layer. In this study, direct shear and shear fatigue tests were used to compare the shear strength and fatigue performance of waterproof adhesive materials under different disposal schemes for a cement slab surface, bonding materials, and spreading schemes, and the recommended optimal dosage of waterproof adhesive material for the bridge deck is given. Based on the shear fatigue tests results of indoor waterproof adhesive materials, an equation for prediction fatigue at 15 °C was established and temperature correction was applied. Based on these results, we propose a waterproof cohesive layer design method for bridge deck pavement with interlayer shear damage as the design index. The life expectancy of the shear damage between the decks was calculated for a real bridge deck. These results provide scientific guidance for design of a waterproof cohesive layer in a bridge deck, which can effectively extend the service life of a bridge deck.
Hyperspectral Reflectance Imaging Combined with Multivariate Analysis for Diagnosis of Sclerotinia Stem Rot on Arabidopsis Thaliana Leaves
Authors: Liang Jing , Li Xiaoli , Zhu Panpan , Xu Ning , He Yong
Published: May 2019

Sclerotinia stem rot (SSR) is one of the most destructive diseases in the world caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (S. sclerotiorum), resulting in significant yield loss. Early and high-throughput detection would be critical to prevent SSR from spreading. This study aimed to propose a feasible method for SSR detection based on the hyperspectral imaging coupled with multivariate analysis. The performance of different detecting algorithms were compared by combining the extreme learning machine (ELM), K-nearest neighbor algorithm (KNN), linear discriminant analysis (LDA), naïve Bayes classifier (NB) and the support vector machine (SVM) with the random frog (RF), successive projection algorithm (SPA) and sequential forward selection (SFS). The similarity of selected optimal wavelengths by three different feature selection methods indicated a high correlation between selected wavelengths and SSR. Compared with KNN, LDA, NB, and SVM, three wavelengths (455, 671 and 747 nm) selected by SFS-CA combined with ELM could achieve relatively better results with the overall accuracy of 93.7% and the lowest false negative rate of 2.4%. These results demonstrated the potential of the presented method using hyperspectral reflectance imaging combined with multivariate analysis for SSR diagnosis.
Progress in the Utilization Efficiency Improvement of Hot Carriers in Plasmon-Mediated Heterostructure Photocatalysis
Authors: Zhang Tong , Wang Shan-Jiang , Zhang Xiao-Yang , Su Dan , Yang Yi , Wu Jing-Yuan , Xu Yao-Yao , Zhao Ning
Published: May 2019

The effect of plasmon-induced hot carriers (HCs) enables the possibility of applying semiconductors with wide band gaps to visible light catalysis, which becomes an emerging research field in environmental protections. Continued efforts have been made for an efficient heterostructure photocatalytic process with controllable behaviors of HCs. Recently, it has been discovered that the improvement of the utilization of HCs by band engineering is a promising strategy for an enhanced catalytic process, and relevant works have emerged for such a purpose. In this review, we give an overview of the recent progress relating to optimized methods for designing efficient photocatalysts by considering the intrinsic essence of HCs. First, the basic mechanism of the heterostructure photocatalytic process is discussed, including the formation of the Schokkty barrier and the process of photocatalysis. Then, the latest studies for improving the utilization efficiency of HCs in two aspects, the generation and extraction of HCs, are introduced. Based on this, the applications of such heterostructure photocatalysts, such as water/air treatments and organic transformations, are briefly illustrated. Finally, we conclude by discussing the remaining bottlenecks and future directions in this field.
Vibration Control of an Aero Pipeline System with Active Constraint Layer Damping Treatment
Authors: Zhai Jingyu , Li Jiwu , Wei Daitong , Gao Peixin , Yan Yangyang , Han Qingkai
Published: May 2019

In this paper, vibration control of an aero pipeline system using active constrained layer damping treatment has been investigated in terms of the vibration and stress distribution. A three-dimensional finite element model of such a pipeline with active constrained layer damping (ACLD) patches is developed. The transfer of the driving force under harmonic voltage is analyzed based on the finite element model. The vibration control of the pipeline with active constrained layer damping treatment under different voltages is computed to analyze the influence of control parameters and structural parameters on the control effect. An experiment platform is developed to validate the above relations. Results show that the performance of the active constrained layer damping treatment is affected by the elastic modulus and thickness of the viscoelastic layer, control voltage and structure size. The performance increases significantly with the rising of the control voltage and cover area of ACLD patches among these parameters.
Experimental Investigation on the Performance of Historical Squat Masonry Walls Strengthened by UHPC and Reinforced Polymer Mortar Layers
Authors: Peng Bin , Wei Sandong , Long Libo , Zheng Qizhen , Ma Yueqiang , Chen Leiyu
Published: May 2019

Strengthening historical brick masonry walls is important because these walls are major load-bearing members in many architectural heritages. However, historical brick masonry has low elastic modulus and low strength, historical masonry walls are prone to surface treatment or other structural intervention, and some of the walls lack integrity. These characteristics make effective strengthening of historical masonry walls difficult. To address the issue, strengthening layers made up of ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) are potentially useful. To investigate the strengthening effect of the UHPC layers, the authors constructed three squat walls using historical bricks and mortar collected from the rehabilitation site of a historical building, and strengthened two of the walls with a UHPC layer and a reinforced polymer mortar layer respectively. The three walls were broken down by horizontal cyclic force along with constant vertical compression, and then the unstrengthened one was strengthened in-situ by a UHPC layer and was tested again. The experimental results indicate that the UHPC layers significantly improved the in-plane shear resistance and cracking load of the squat walls, without decreasing the walls’ ultimate deformation. They effectively strengthened both moderately and severely damaged historical masonry walls, because the UHPC filled the existing damages and improved the integrity of the masonry substrate. In addition, the UHPC layers intervened the historical walls less than the reinforced polymer mortar layer. Therefore, the UHPC layers are efficient in strengthening historical squat masonry walls.
The Impact of Demand Response Programs on Reducing the Emissions and Cost of A Neighborhood Home Microgrid
Authors: Fouladfar Mohammad Hossein , Loni Abdolah , Bagheri Tookanlou Mahsa , Marzband Mousa , Godina Radu , Al-Sumaiti Ameena , Pouresmaeil Edris
Published: May 2019

The desire to increase energy efficiency and reliability of power grids, along with the need for reducing carbon emissions has led to increasing the utilization of Home Micro-grids (H-MGs). In this context, the issue of economic emission dispatch is worthy of consideration, with a view to controlling generation costs and reducing environmental pollution. This paper presents a multi-objective energy management system, with a structure based on demand response (DR) and dynamic pricing (DP). The proposed energy management system (EMS), in addition to decreasing the market clearing price (MCP) and increasing producer profits, has focused on reducing the level of generation units emissions, as well as enhancing utilization of renewable energy units through the DR programs. As a consequence of the nonlinear and discrete nature of the H-MGs, metaheuristic algorithms are applied to find the best possible solution. Moreover, due to the presence of generation units, the Taguchi orthogonal array testing (TOAT) method has been utilized to investigate the uncertainty regarding generation units. In the problem being considered, each H-MG interacts with each other and can negotiate based on their own strategies (reduction of cost or pollution). The obtained results indicate the efficiency of the proposed algorithm, a decrease in emissions and an increase in the profit achieved by each H-MG, by 37% and 10%, respectively.
Nature-Based Designs to Mitigate Urban Heat: The Efficacy of Green Infrastructure Treatments in Portland, Oregon
Authors: Makido Yasuyo , Hellman Dana , Shandas Vivek
Published: May 2019

Urban heat is a growing environmental concern in cities around the world. The urban heat island effect, combined with warming effects of climate change, is likely to cause an increase in the frequency and intensity of extreme heat events. Alterations to the physical, built environment are a viable option for mitigating urban heat, yet few studies provide systematic guidance to practitioners for adapting diverse land uses. In this study, we examine the use of green infrastructure treatments to evaluate changes in ambient temperatures across diverse land uses in the city of Portland, Oregon. We apply ENVI-met® microclimate modeling at the city-block scale specifically to determine what built environment characteristics are most associated with high temperatures, and the extent to which different physical designs reduce ambient temperature. The analysis included six green infrastructure interventions modeled across six different land-use types, and indicated the varying degrees to which approaches are effective. Results were inconsistent across landscapes, and showed that one mitigation solution alone would not significantly reduce extreme heat. These results can be used to develop targeted, climate- and landscape-specific cooling interventions for different land uses, which can help to inform and refine current guidance to achieve urban climate adaptation goals.
Long-Term Atmospheric Changes in a Convection-Permitting Regional Climate Model Hindcast Simulation over Northern Germany and the German Bight
Authors: Schaaf Benjamin , Feser Frauke , Meinke Insa
Published: May 2019

Long-term atmospheric changes are a result of complex interactions on various spatial scales. In this study, we examine the long-term variability of the most important meteorological variables in a convection-permitting regional climate model simulation. A consistent, gridded data set from 1948 to 2014 was computed using the regional climate model COSMO-CLM with a very high convection-permitting resolution at a grid distance of 2.8 km, for a region encompassing the German Bight and Northern Germany. This is one of the very first atmospheric model simulations with such high resolution, and covering several decades. Using a very high-resolution hindcast, this study aims to extend knowledge of the significance of regional details for long-term variability and multi-decadal trends of several meteorological variables such as wind, temperature, cloud cover, precipitation, and convective available potential energy (CAPE). This study demonstrates that most variables show merely large decadal variability and no long-term trends. The analysis shows that the most distinct and significant positive trends occur in temperature and in CAPE for annual mean values as well as for extreme events. No clear and no significant trend is detectable for the annual sum of precipitation and for extreme precipitation. However, spatial structures in the trends remain weak.
Effects of Ground Heating on Ventilation and Pollutant Transport in Three-Dimensional Urban Street Canyons with Unit Aspect Ratio
Authors: Jiang Guoyi , Hu Tingting , Yang Haokai
Published: May 2019

A validated standard k-ε model was used to investigate the effects of ground heating on ventilation and pollutant transport in a three-dimensional (3D) street canyon. Air entered the street canyon from the upper regions of side surfaces and most areas of the top surface and left from the lower regions of side surfaces. Ground heating enhanced the mean flow, ventilation, and turbulence, and facilitated pollutant reduction inside street canyons. The transport patterns in a street canyon that included a pollutant source (PSC) and a target street canyon downstream (TSC) were different. The pollutant did not enter the PSC, and turbulent diffusion dominated pollutant outflow at all boundaries. The pollutant entered the TSC from most regions of the side surfaces and exited from lower regions of the side surfaces and the entire top surface. Air convection dominated pollutant transport at the side surfaces, and its contribution increased significantly with ground temperature; Furthermore, turbulent diffusion dominated pollutant outflow for the top surface, and its contribution increased slightly with ground heating. As revealed by an analysis of both the total pollutant flow rates and air flow rates, although air/pollutant exchange between the TSC and outer space occurred primarily through the side surfaces, the increase in air inflow from the top surface reduced the pollutant concentration inside the street canyon when the ground temperature increased. The top surface played a major role in improving air quality in a 3D environment with ground dispersion. This study supplied valuable suggestions for urban planning strategies. The analyzing method used in this research is helpful for the pollutant transport investigations in urban areas.
Clove Essential Oil as an Alternative Approach to Control Postharvest Blue Mold Caused by Penicillium italicum in Citrus Fruit
Authors: Chen Chuying , Cai Nan , Chen Jinyin , Wan Chunpeng
Published: May 2019

Penicillium italicum causes blue mold disease and leads to huge economic losses in citrus production. As a natural antifungal agent, clove essential oil (CEO), which is a generally recognized as safe (GRAS) substance, shows strong in vitro activity against fungal pathogens. However, few studies on CEO for controlling postharvest blue mold disease caused by P. italicum in citrus fruit have been reported. Our aims were to investigate the control efficacy and possible mechanisms involved of CEO against P. italicum. In the present study, CEO treatment inhibited the disease development of blue mold when applied at 0.05% to 0.8% (v/v), and with the effective concentration being obtained as 0.4% (v/v). Besides its direct antifungal activity, CEO treatment also spurred a rapid accumulation of H2O2 compared with untreated fruits, which might contribute to enhancing an increase in the activities of defense-related enzymes, such as β-1,3-glucanase (β-Glu), chitinase (CHI), phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), peroxidase (POD), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), and lipoxygenase (LOX) in citrus fruit. Results of real time-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) showed that the gene expressions of β-Glu, CHI, PAL, POD and PPO were up-regulated in CEO-treated fruits. At the same time, CEO treatment led to down-regulated expression of the LOX gene in citrus fruit. Clove essential oil effectively control the disease incidence of blue mold decay in citrus fruit by motivating the host-defense responses, suppressing the malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulation while enhancing the activities and gene expressions of defense-related enzymes. Our study provides an alternative preservative applying CEO to reduce postharvest fungal decay in citrus fruit.