bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Econometric Analysis of Determinants Influencing NBA Team Performance: Insights from 2018-2023 Data
Authors: Zeng Muxiang
Published: November 2024

This study examines the determinants of NBA group execution from 2018 to 2023. It investigates the relationship between key variables such as group finance, player productivity, harm status, and coaching encounter, employing a fixed-effects board relapse demonstrate. The point is to get it how these factors impact a team's winning rate, with a center on the interaction between monetary venture and on-court victory. The discoveries uncover that higher finance, effective players, and solid home-court execution essentially improve a team's winning rate. Moreover, the ponder highlights the antagonistic impacts of player wounds and the basic part of adjusted hostile and cautious methodologies. The comes about emphasize the require for NBA groups to embrace a multifaceted approach, combining monetary speculation with vital gameplay and group cohesion to realize maintained victory. This research offers important experiences for group directors and decision-makers within the NBA, giving a establishment for arrangement suggestions to optimize group execution in future seasons. The study's inventive utilize of comprehensive information and econometric modeling contributes to the writing on sports financial matters and group execution examination.
Application Status and Development Trends of Carbon Capture and Storage Technologies
Authors: Chen Qiyuan
Published: November 2024

Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) technology is an efficient and cost-effective method for reducing atmospheric CO2 concentrations. Given the current reliance on fossil fuels by people, this method can be applied in factories and areas of human activity that emit substantial amounts of CO2. This article introduces advanced carbon capture methods in various fields such as industry, ecosystems, and urban areas. Considering CCS technology from the perspectives of cost, efficiency, advantages, and limitations, it explores future development directions of carbon capture technologies in different sectors. This article introduces three different CCS technologies: Direct Air Capture, Bio Energy Carbon Capture and Storage (BECCS), and Oxy-fuel Combustion. Research and discussions on Direct Air Capture indicate that its main advantage lies in its convenience and high compatibility with various environments compared to other main CCS technologies. It can directly reduce atmospheric CO2 levels through chemical methods, although there is still a need to enhance the adsorption efficiency of adsorbents. As an ecosystem-based CCS technology, Bio Energy Carbon Capture and Storage continues to play a significant role currently, and its principles of carbon capture are being applied in urban spaces using BECCS technology, with sustainability being the reason for its widespread application. Oxy-fuel combustion is used mainly in the industrial sector to rapidly and efficiently address the substantial CO2 emissions from industrial activities. The article elucidates the opportunities and challenges that future carbon capture technologies will encounter.
Forecasting Chinas Monetary Over-Issuance After the Pandemic Based on ARIMA Model and Exponential Smoothing Model
Authors: He Shengyu
Published: November 2024

The excessive issuance of a country's currency will lead to the decline of the purchasing power of the currency and the rise of prices, which will lead to the reduction of the living standard of the people and the widening of the gap between the rich and the poor. In order to ensure the economic growth rate after the epidemic, most countries choose to issue more currency, and China's currency issue is particularly serious. This paper aims to predict the Monetary Over-issuance (MOI) in China after the epidemic by means of time series analysis. In this experiment, some basic time series model prediction methods such as ARIMA model and exponential smoothing model were used to predict the MOI situation in China in the post-epidemic era, aiming to explore the impact of the epidemic on China's MOI. The forecast results show that the Chinese government's stimulus actions for economic phenomena such as the decrease of GDP growth caused by the epidemic have increased China's MOI, and compared with before the epidemic, China's MOI will still maintain a steady growth in the future.
Hydrogen Horizons: Navigating the Future of Renewable Energy
Authors: Gong Leo
Published: November 2024

With the pressing need to reduce carbon emissions from energy systems and lessen the effects of climate change, hydrogen energy emerges as a flexible and sustainable replacement for fossil fuels. This essay examines the potential of hydrogen energy as a transformative solution in the global quest for sustainable and clean energy sources. It is commonly known that reliable renewable energy sources like hydrogen are critical for a sustainable future. Therefore, it is important to understand the production methods, applications, and technological advancements in hydrogen energy. By discussing the current energy crisis, the hydrogen economy, and world-leading hydrogen businesses, this paper provides a holistic view of hydrogen energy.
Advancing Stock Market Return Forecasting with LSTM Models and Financial Indicators
Authors: Yu Sijing
Published: November 2024

Stock market return forecasting is critical for portfolio management and market efficiency. This study evaluates the predictive ability of the LSTM model using S&P500 index data from 1871 to 2019. The predictors include 12 financial indicators, such as dividend-price ratio, earnings-price ratio, and volatility, among others. The study results show that the LSTM model exhibits a consistent decrease in training and validation losses, indicating its ability to learn from the data. However, the low training set and negative test set show significant overfitting and fail to generalize to unseen data. Therefore, the LSTM model has potential applications and needs to be further improved to make it more valuable and reliable. Despite some limitations of LSTM models for stock market prediction, this study shows the promise of deep learning for financial prediction. Future research should focus on extending features, optimizing models, and integrating ensemble methods to improve the accuracy and robustness of predictions. Insights are provided to improve the predictability of stock market returns in the future using advanced modelling techniques.
Analysis of How Apple Inc. Avoid Paying Taxes
Authors: Cui Xueqing
Published: November 2024

As one of the largest corporations globally, Apple Inc. generates significant profits, resulting in substantial tax obligations. This paper investigates, through a literature review and case study, how Apple leveraged Ireland's tax laws to minimize its tax burden. The findings reveal that Apple's strategic tax avoidance strategies have had far-reaching implications, both for the company and the Irish economy. Apple's decision to channel its profits through Ireland led to a radical increase in Ireland's GDP, as the company brought substantial investments, talent, and industry development to the country. However, this arrangement also raised concerns about the ethics and legality of Apple's tax practices. In 2017, the change in US tax laws prompted Apple to repatriate its profits back to the United States, where it paid the required taxes under the new regulations.This study examines the complex interplay between multinational corporations, national tax policies, and the broader economic and social implications of tax avoidance strategies. The findings offer insights into the challenges faced by policymakers in balancing the needs of businesses, governments, and the public interest, and highlight the importance of transparency and accountability in the global tax landscape.
The Impact of Registration System Reform on the Growth Enterprise Market IPO Underpricing Rate
Authors: Li Ruowen
Published: November 2024

The Science and Technology Innovation Board (STAR Market) of the Shanghai Stock Exchange, founded in November 2018, has announced the commencement of a trial registration system. Introducing the registration system to facilitate the issuance of new shares is a crucial step towards enhancing the reform of China's capital market and its core institutions, representing a significant milestone. This study utilizes data from the primary stock exchanges and Growth Enterprise Markets in Beijing, Shanghai, and Shenzhen from 2018 to 2021. It employs the Difference-in-Differences (DID) model to empirically examine the effect of the registration system reform on the initial public offering (IPO) underpricing rate of the Growth Enterprise Market. The research findings indicate that implementing the registration system reform for the Growth Enterprise Market has led to an increase in the rate of IPO underpricing. An augmentation in return on total assets fosters a rise in the IPO underpricing rate, however, an escalation in issuance costs does not facilitate an increase in the IPO underpricing rate.
The Relevance of M2 and GDP: Comparative Analysis of US, China, and Japan
Authors: Li Haoyang
Published: November 2024

In the circumstances of the post-pandemic period, a lot of economic bodies are facing the problem of economic recession. Meanwhile, monetary policy is playing a key role in the restoration of economic growth. This paper will do an overview of the current monetary policy and economic situation of three countries (namely, the US, China, and Japan), then investigate and decide the monetary policy that should be applied by different countries. To solve the problem, this paper will use the Granger Causality test to test how the currency supply and the GDP of a country will correlate and affect each other. This paper will collect data from the FRED from these countries, dated from 1999 to 2024. This paper will also collect an analysis of the current economic policies and discuss whether they are effective or not. After the analysis, it could be reached to a conclusion that the M2 of China and Japan is the Granger cause of the GDP of the two countries, while the US has an opposite trend, where the GDP of the US is the Granger cause of the USs M2. To push this investigation further, researchers could investigate the result of the test at different periods so that a dynamic conclusion could be reached.
Financial Risk Analysis of Xiaopeng Motors
Authors: Zhuang Xin
Published: November 2024

In recent years, domestic new energy vehicles have seized the opportunity of government policies to develop rapidly, and have achieved a huge market share in the automotive industry by virtue of their own advantages. Among them, Xiaopeng Motors takes technological and intelligent new energy vehicles as its trump card products, and has become one of the representatives of newly emerging new energy vehicles. However, to ensure that Xiaopeng Motors can carry out business activities normally and develop in the long term, senior managers need to promptly discover the current financial risks of the enterprise and correctly understand the financial risks, so as to avoid the enterprises financial risks and reduce the losses of financial risks. This paper will analyze the financial annual report of Xiaopeng Motors, using comprehensive literature research methods and case analysis methods used to analyze the financial risks of Xiaopeng Motors. This paper finds that Xiaopeng Motors currently has two financial risk problems: unreasonable financing and unreasonable investment structure, there is a high financial risk.
Research on the Influence of Taoist Philosophy on Modern Enterprise Management
Authors: Yang Liu
Published: November 2024

Under the backdrop of the globalized economy, Chinese enterprises need to construct a management system that integrates the characteristics of their local culture. This paper reviews the profound influence of Taoist philosophy on modern enterprise management, especially how its core principles of "people-oriented" and "natural non-action" shape corporate culture and enhance employee enthusiasm. The article analyzes the application of Taoist thought in ancient Chinese governance and family management, and explores its practice in modern enterprises, such as humanized management and strategies of non-intervention. Although Taoist thought has the potential to enhance corporate adaptability and innovation, it also poses challenges to leadership capabilities and may affect corporate stability and goal orientation. The article concludes by looking forward to the future integration of Taoist philosophy with enterprise management, pointing out its application prospects in innovative management, corporate culture, and leadership mentality, aiming to provide new ideas for the sustainable development of enterprises.
Status and Development Strategies of Electric Vehicle Supply Chain and Charging Stations in China and the U.S.
Authors: Zhou Qiuyan
Published: November 2024

The market for electric vehicles (EVs) is rising rapidly in China and the United States. This study systematically explores key aspects of the EV supply chain and the impacts related to charging stations through a literature review and case study analysis. Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited (CATL) is used as a case study to analyze its success factors in the battery supply chain. It is found that innovative technology and a globalized layout are the main factors driving the development of the supply chain. Through data analysis, EV sales and the number of charging stations in China and the United States are compared, revealing their correlation. Constructive suggestions to promote the EV and charging station industries are put forward to foster the healthy development of the EV supply chain.
Investments under the Global Economic Policy UncertaintyA Literature Review
Authors: Pan Zhipeng
Published: November 2024

The literature review examines the impact of global economic policy uncertainty (EPU) on various investment strategies. The increasing EPU, driven by uncertain events such as the Covid-19 pandemic, trade war, and regional conflicts creates a more complex environment for investors. This paper reviews a series of academic papers exploring how the EPU affects traditional investment methods such as stocks bonds and mutual funds, as well as some new investment strategies environmental social and governance (ESG) investing. Findings indicate that the EPU increases stock market volatility and improves the risk premium for bonds. Mutual funds show reduced inflows and increased management activities during the period of high EPU. In contrast, ESG investment becomes more stable under the EPU. By comparing the different performances of different strategies across different markets, the review aims to provide investors with strategies to mitigate risk and maximize returns. The insights gained from the paper could help investors and policymakers find more powerful methods to withstand the challenges and promote the development of the social economy.
The Impact of the Federal Reserve's Interest Rate Adjustment on Financial Market
Authors: Wang Qing
Published: November 2024

Recently, although inflation in the U.S. has cooled down, the Federal Reserve is expected to cut interest rates only once this year. Powell remains open to the timing of the interest rate cut, which makes the entire financial system pay close attention to the Federal Reserve's interest rate adjustment. This paper aims to explore the impact of the Federal Reserve's interest rate hikes and cuts on the financial market, especially its impact on the banking system and stock markets. This paper also identifies the Federal Reserves role in mediating the economy. It uses a combination of theoretical analysis and case analysis to explore the impact of the Fed's interest rate adjustments on the banking system and the stock market. After analysis, this paper found that the Federal Reserve has coordinated the financial system by using the monetary policy of raising and lowering interest rates and supervising banks, maintaining the health and stability of the economy.
Performance Comparison of RANSAC and Other Model Estimation Methods in Panoramic Image Mosaic
Authors: Ren Yawen
Published: November 2024

As computer vision technology advances, the significance of outlier processing algorithms increases across various applications. Despite this, there is a lack of comprehensive comparisons to assess the performance of these algorithms. This paper focuses on evaluating the principles, advantages, and disadvantages of three key models: RANSAC, least squares, and lmed. Through experimental testing in diverse scenarios, the study identifies the most suitable model for different contexts. Results indicate that RANSAC exhibits the highest robustness against outliers, while lmed performs effectively with a moderate number of outliers. These findings are crucial for selecting appropriate models tailored to specific applications, ultimately enhancing the quality of panoramic mosaic images. The comparative analysis presented in this paper aims to guide practitioners in choosing the best outlier processing techniques based on their specific requirements and application environments, thereby improving the robustness and accuracy of computer vision systems.
Customer Churn Prediction Based on Multiple Linear Regression and Random Forest
Authors: Deng Enlin
Published: November 2024

Businesses are seeking to retain existing customers and reduce the cost of acquiring new customers. Therefore, customer churn rate prediction becomes an effective way to solve this problem. This study uses a dataset on telco customer churn to explore the application of multiple linear regression and random forest models in predicting customer churn. By analyzing various customer attributes, including service types, account details, and monthly fees, this paper aims to identify key factors contributing to churn. The random forest model outperformed multiple linear regression in terms of accuracy and stability, achieving an accuracy rate of 79.18% on the test set. However, the R^2 of the multiple linear regression is 0.275. The goodness of fit of the data set is low, but most of the 19 variables are statistically significant. Therefore, this study can further improve the prediction accuracy by changing the data set or combining hybrid models and deep learning technology. Our findings suggest that customer satisfaction, service usage, and total charges are significant factors in predicting customer churn. This paper can provide companies with valuable insights to improve customer retention, enhance customer experience, optimize customer relationships, reduce marketing costs, etc.
Information Security Management at the University: A Critical Review of Recent Studies
Authors: Jiang Yahong
Published: November 2024

As global cyber threats continue to escalate, particularly with the increasing frequency of attacks targeting academic institutions, information security management (ISM) has become imperative for safeguarding the confidentiality and integrity of personal and research data within universities. This study examines the increasingly strategic role of information security management (ISM) in universities that face growing threats to personal and research data. This paper identifies key trends, methodological approaches, and research gaps within university ISM by reviewing research published over the past decade. Findings reveal that, despite the critical importance of ISM, the field still needs to be explored, with significant opportunities for further research in areas such as human factors, organizational culture, and information security behaviors. This research provides a comprehensive overview for IT professionals and university information security managers. It offers insights into the evolving ISM landscape in higher education and highlights new avenues for future investigation.
Research of Some Factors Leading to Diabetes among Women by Logistic Regression Model
Authors: Wu Qihan
Published: November 2024

With the continuous development of the economic level, diabetes has become an increasingly concerning problem, and the incidence of diabetes is also rising, which has caused huge losses to human health and economic development. It is very important to build a self-improving prediction model with considerable accuracy. As the cause of diabetes is complex and there are differences between people, this paper selects a widely recognized medical diabetes dataset for research, which contains 768 samples and 9 variables. After grouping, the data set is simulated and predicted by the logistic regression model, and it is found that the accuracy reaches 77.9% without grouping. After grouping, the accuracy reached 79.5% and 86.9%, respectively. It was found that the logistic model could effectively predict diabetes. At the same time, reasonable classification of the diabetes data set could effectively improve the accuracy of the prediction model. The main risk factors were Diabetes Pedigree Function, BMI, pregnancy, and Glucose. This provides some new perspectives and ideas for future research.
Research on the Adoption of Machine Learning in the Domain of Sleep Disorder Detection
Authors: Deng Kaiwen
Published: November 2024

Healthy sleep is very important for people's vitality and physical health. However, due to the need for socio-economic development and changes in people's lifestyles, people suffer from sleep disorder problems. Timely detection of sleep disorders is important for people's lives afterwards. This study collected and evaluated Laksika Tharmalingam data using a variety of machine learning techniques, including Random Forests, Decision Trees, and Logistic Regression (LR) to find out the relationship between 11 factors including lifestyle factors and sleep disorders. The research found that the LR algorithm produced the best model with 89.33 per cent accuracy, 90.24 per cent precision, 89.33 per cent recall, and an f1-score of 0.89. Lifestyle-related factors such as occupation, sleep duration, and level of physical activity all have an impact on whether or not a sleep disorder develops. This paper can serve as a valuable resource and provide insightful information for future research endeavors focused on sleep disorders, contributing to a deeper understanding of the complexities surrounding these conditions and potentially guiding the development of more effective interventions and treatments.
Application of 6G Technology in Satellite-Terrestrial Communications
Authors: Li Linglong
Published: November 2024

In the contemporary digital era, the accelerated dissemination of data and pervasive interconnectivity have emerged as pivotal drivers of social advancement. The increasing demand for high-performance satellite-terrestrial communications systems, which are vital for achieving seamless global coverage, presents a significant challenge. The advent of 6G technology offers a promising avenue for addressing the current limitations of satellite-terrestrial communications. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the potential applications of 6G technology in satellite-terrestrial communication systems, with a particular focus on its capacity to transform these systems. By achieving seamless global connectivity, 6G technology is positioned to address the limitations of current communication technologies and enhance communication speeds, reliability, and efficiency. This research indicates that the integration of satellite and terrestrial communication networks through 6G not only improves the overall efficiency and coverage of the communication network, but also addresses existing challenges such as limited coverage, high latency and scarce spectrum resources. As research and development progresses, it will be essential to facilitate the widespread adoption and evolution of 6G technology in satellite-terrestrial communications through strengthened global cooperation and standardisation.
Corporate M&A, Firm Performance, and Innovation-Evidence from the US Market
Authors: Gan Zitong
Published: November 2024

The literature identifies a range of factors influencing M&A motivations, including financial and legal constraints, as well as political uncertainty. The significance of M&A in the market is substantial, as it fosters market consolidation, resource optimization, and industry innovation. This study examines the effects of corporate mergers and acquisitions (M&A) on firm performance and innovation, with a focus on relevant data and trends within the U.S. market. An analysis of over 50,000 firms in the United States reveals that since 1975, more than 75% of companies have participated in M&A activities, with this proportion rising over time. Key sectors include healthcare services and semiconductors. The research demonstrates that successful M&A not only enhances firm size and profitability but also stimulates economic growth in associated industries and regions. These findings offer valuable insights into corporate development strategies and market dynamics, providing important information for both companies and policymakers.
The Impact of ESG Disclosure Levels on Corporate Innovation Capabilities: A Case Study of the Electronic Equipment Manufacturing Industry
Authors: Li Qiaolin
Published: November 2024

With the increasing prominence of environmental, social, and governance (ESG) issues, countries around the world are encouraging businesses to incorporate ESG information disclosure into their daily operations and strategic planning as an important evaluation criterion. The electronic information manufacturing industry is a key component of Chinas national economy, one of the most dynamic and innovative sectors, and plays a crucial role in industrial transformation and the modernization of social information systems. This article aims to highlight the positive correlation between corporate ESG disclosure levels and innovation capabilities, with a focus on the electronic equipment manufacturing industry, where "innovation" serves as the main competitive advantage. It advocates for companies to actively implement ESG principles and related policy requirements, which can help enhance their innovation capacity. By employing methods such as literature review, data analysis, and case studies, this paper progressively substantiates, explains, and expands the arguments. This research enriches the theoretical understanding of the relationship between ESG disclosure levels and corporate innovation capabilities, and, from the perspective of the new era, offers insights into long-term corporate development strategies.
Exploring the Impact of Socioeconomic and Built Environment Factors on Theft Crime Trends in Chicago During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Wang Xuebin
Published: November 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted urban social and economic conditions worldwide, influencing crime trends and patterns. This study examines how socio-economic and built environment factors affect theft crime density in Chicago across different pandemic phases. Using both linear regression and machine learning models, we analyze crime data to identify key factors driving changes in theft crime trends, focusing on the role of built environment elements such as public facilities, commercial venues, and transportation hubs. Results indicate that built environment features have a significant impact on theft density, while socio-economic factors like unemployment and income inequality show variable effects across pandemic periods. These findings suggest that urban and social factors interact to influence crime patterns, with non-linear models capturing these complex relationships more effectively than traditional methods. For policymakers and urban planners, the results underscore the importance of incorporating built environment considerations into crime prevention strategies, particularly in adapting urban spaces to foster safer, more resilient communities in the post-pandemic era.
Gambaran Kelainan Refraksi pada Anak di SD Al-Azhar Syifa Budi Cibubur, Kabupaten Bogor, Jawa Barat Tahun 2024
Authors: Umami Nisa Zakiati
Published: November 2024

Latar Belakang: Kelainan refraksi menjadi salah satu dari gangguan penglihatan yang cukup banyak diderita anak-anak. Kelainan refraksi adalah kondisi pembiasan cahaya yang abnormal atau dimana cahaya yang masuk pada mata tidak difokuskan tepat pada retina. Kondisi tersebut menyebabkan penglihatan menjadi buram atau tidak jelas. Kelainan refraksi tersebut nantinya dapat mempengaruhi prestasi dan kualitas hidup anak-anak.
Tujuan: Mengetahui gambaran karakteristik kelainan refraksi pada Anak di SD Al-Azhar Syifa Budi Cibubur.
Metode: Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan November 2023-April 2024. Jenis oenelitian ini adalah deskriptif kategorik. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah seluruh anak di SD Al-Azhar Syifa Budi Cibubur. Sample berjumlah 106 anak dengan Teknik simple random sampling. Analisa data secara univariat dan disajikan dalam bentuk distribusi frekuensi.
Hasil: Kelainan refraksi banyak diderita oleh anak perempuan sebanyak 52,83%. Kelainan refraksi tersebut banyak terjadi di usia 10 tahun dengan jumlah 31,13% dan jenis kelaian refraksi yang banyak diderita anak di SD Al-Azhar Syifa Budi adalah Astigmatisme Miopia Kompositus.
Kesimpulan: Kelainan refraksi yang paling banyak ditemukan pada anak di SD Al-Azhar Syifa Budi adalah jenis Astigmatisme Miopia Kompositus.
Saran: Perlu dilakukan pemeriksaan refraksi mata rutin pada anak di SD Al-Azhar Syifa Budi Cibubur guna untuk mengetahui ada tidaknya kelainan refraksi yang nantinya dapat mempengaruhi prestasi dan kualitas hidup anak.
Kata kunci: anak, kelainan refraksi, usia, jenis kelamin
Awareness, Attitude, Belief, and Motivation of Health Care Professionals towards Obstetrics and Gynecological Physical Therapy
Authors: Taak Rimsha Hira , Sheikh Subbayal , Baqir Syeda Rida , Ishfaque Soofia , Inayat Sana , Arzoo Obaida , Bano Aniha , Nimrah .
Published: November 2024

Physical therapy focuses on various health issues of women like: women with pregnancy, after delivery, pelvic floor dysfunction, uterine prolapse, polycystic ovary, and pelvic floor dysfunction was known as Gynecological physical therapy. Healthcare professionals should be aware of and motivate patients toward the significance of physical therapy in gynecological issues. Objective: To determine the awareness, attitude, belief and motivation of healthcare professionals of Karachi towards gynecological physical therapy. Methods: This was a cross-sectional survey-based study that was conducted from January to June 2024, the study population was healthcare professionals from seven districts of Karachi and the sample size was 389, the sampling technique was non-probability purposive sampling. The validated questionnaire was used to evaluate the attitude, beliefs, and motivation of healthcare professionals towards gyne PT. The data were analyzed through SPSS version 23.0. Results: There were 389 healthcare professionals recruited from different districts of Karachi. The level of awareness among the research participants was 36.24%, the belief of research participants regarding the gynae physical therapy was good towards the effectiveness of treatment 44.21% believed that pelvic floor exercises were effective in gynecological problems, 39.33% were highly motivated towards the physical therapy treatment. However, 35.21% thought that the training in the gynecological field was limited and the referral system was thought to be limited by 19.28% of research participants. Conclusion: This study concluded the level of awareness and motivation was good enough among healthcare professionals of our study while there was a lack of referral systems and training programs available in this field of physical therapy.
Evaluation of Antiproliferative and Antimicrobial Activity of Polyanhydride Based poly[(maleic anhydride)-co-(vinyl acetate)]/Noradrenaline Conjugate
Authors: TUN Tutku , Karaku G
Published: November 2024

Aim: Personalized medicine has increased the interest in polymer-drug conjugates. In recent years, many polymer-drug conjugates have been developed to increase the specificity and selectivity of drugs for diseases. Noradrenaline (NA) is involved in the pathophysiology of many different neurological, psychiatric, and peripheral conditions. Moreover, NA has been reported to play a role in angiogenesis and tumor development. The MAVA/NA conjugate, a maleic anhydride-vinyl acetate (MAVA) copolymer modification product, and the noradrenaline biomolecule were examined for their antiproliferative and antimicrobial properties.
Materials and Methods: MAVA-NA conjugate was synthesized as the modification product between maleic anhydride-vinyl acetate (MAVA) copolymer and noradrenaline (NA) biomolecule. The conjugate was previously characterized in terms of chemical structure by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H-NMR and 13C-NMR) spectroscopic methods, and its topographic properties were characterized by atomic force microscopy (AFM). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) method evaluated the antimicrobial properties against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and fungi. Antiproliferative activity was determined by XTT assay on lung (A549), brain (C6), bone (MG-63), and breast (MCF-7) cancer cells and healthy fibroblast (WI-38) cell lines.
Results: The MAVA-NA conjugate showed no toxicity within the 3.125-100 µg/mL dosage range in WI-38 cells. Compared to normal fibroblast cells, MAVA-NA exhibited selective toxicity against A549, C6, MG-63, and MCF-7 cancer cells. MAVA-NA showed high antibacterial activity on S. aureus and MRSA bacteria compared to standard antibiotics (S. aureus MIC=50 µg/mL, MRSA MIC=25 µg/mL).
Conclusion: These results indicate that the newly synthesized and characterized MAVA-NA conjugate has antiproliferative and antimicrobial effects and may have a promising role in developing new anticancer drugs.
Case Report: Papillitis in acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy under oral steroid treatment
Authors: Polat Nihat
Published: November 2024

A 54-year-old woman presented with complaints of worsening vision in left eye. Funduscopic examination showed yellowish creamy placoid like lesions superotemporal to the optic nerve in the left eye with no evidence of disk edema and vitritis. She was diagnosed with APMPPE and after ruling out infectious causes started on a 1 mg/kg/day oral prednisone. 1 month later, she presented to with an acute worsening of vision in left eye. Her visual acuity was hand motion in the left eye. Funduscopy showed marked inflammatory lesions and papillitis in the left eye. OCT showed subretinal fluid and PED in the left eye. Oral prednisone was tapered gradually under close follow-up. 3 months later her visual acuity increased 20/200 and papillitis was relieved. This is the first reported case of APMPPE that evolving papillitis under treatment, and after cessation of treatment, improved.
Protective Effect of Being Born in Autumn Against Schizophrenia or Schizoaffective Disorder
Authors: zel Sarpkan , l Yasemin
Published: November 2024

Objective: Birth season, one of the environmental factors in the etiology of schizophrenia, has been considered as a risk factor and various studies have been conducted. Some studies on the relationship between season of birth and schizophrenia have emphasized that, while being born in winter is a risk factor, being born in summer and autumn should be investigated as a protective factor. The aim of our study is to determine whether being born in autumn is a protective factor for being diagnosed with schizophrenia/schizoaffective disorder.

Method: It was aimed to determine the relationship between the diagnosis of schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder and the season of birth by comparing the seasons of 832 patients diagnosed with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder who were admitted to Trakya University Faculty of Medicine psychiatry outpatient clinics or hospitalized in the psychiatric clinic between 2005 and 2023, with 17.360.594 live births that took place in Turkey since 2009.

Result: Season (p=0.018) and gender (p<0.001) variables showed a statistically significant difference between the patient and control groups. When being born in autumn is taken as a reference, it has been determined that being born in winter increases the risk of being diagnosed with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder by 1.36 times (p=0.001), being born in spring by 1.25 times (p=0.014), being born in summer by 1.18 times (p=0.045) and using being female as a reference, being born as male increases the risk of being diagnosed with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder by 1.32 times (p<0.001).

Conclusion: According to the results of our study, being born in winter is a risk factor for being diagnosed with schizophrenia-schizoaffective disorder, while being born in autumn is a protective risk factor for being diagnosed with schizophrenia-schizoaffective disorder.
Prosocial Behavior, Anxiety Levels, and Psychosocial Risk Factors in Adolescents with Generalized Anxiety Disorder: A Comparison with Healthy Controls
Authors: Okuyucu Merve , Kaya Hasan , lu Fatma , ka Erol
Published: November 2024

Aim/Background: Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is one of the most common mental health problems in adolescents, often resulting in significant academic and social challenges that can persist into adulthood. Identifying protective factors that can mitigate these negative outcomes is crucial. Prosocial behavior, which includes actions intended to benefit others, may serve as a protective factor. However, the relationship between prosocial behavior and anxiety in adolescents diagnosed with GAD has not been thoroughly investigated. The main objective of this study was to examine the relationship between prosocial behavior and anxiety levels in adolescents diagnosed with GAD. The second aim of the research was to explore psychosocial risk factors related to GAD.
Methods: The study included 81 adolescents diagnosed with GAD and 35 healthy controls (HCs) with no psychiatric disorders, aged between 13 and 18 years. Inclusion criteria for the GAD group included the first-time diagnosis of GAD, no other psychiatric diagnoses, and no prior psychotropic treatment. The control group consisted of healthy adolescents without any psychiatric history. Exclusion criteria for both groups included various chronic diseases as well as alcohol or substance abuse. Diagnoses were conducted using the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia Present and Lifetime Version DSM-5 (K-SADS-PL-DSM-5). Participants completed the Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale-Child Versions (RCADS-CV) and the Adolescent Prosociality Scale (APS).
Results: The mean age of the participants was 15.2 ± 1.5 years, with 67.6% being female. Female gender (odds ratio 4.744, p = 0.009), family history of psychiatric disorders (odds ratio 6.838, p = 0.007), and higher birth order (odds ratio 2.286, p = 0.006) were significantly associated with an increased risk of GAD. Conversely, higher APS scores were associated with a reduced risk of GAD (odds ratio 0.945, p = 0.016), indicating that each unit increase in APS score decreased the odds of GAD by 1.1%. The case group showed significantly higher RCADS-CV scores than the HCs (p < 0.001), but APS scores did not significantly differ between the two groups. A weak negative correlation was found between APS total scores and RCADS-CV scores (p = 0.024).
Conclusion: The findings suggest that prosocial behavior plays a role in reducing anxiety symptoms, independent of other risk factors, and highlights its importance as a protective factor against the occurrence of GAD. Promoting prosocial behavior in adolescents could be an effective strategy for reducing the risk of GAD and improving overall mental health. However, further longitudinal studies are needed to confirm these findings and explore the causal relationships.
Забезпечення гендерного підходу в системі національної поліції України в умовах воєнного стану
Authors: Ігнатченко Є. С. , Рогальський В. І. , Рожеченко В. М.
Published: November 2024

Статтю присвячено проблемі забезпечення гендерної рівності в системі Національної поліції України, в умовах воєнного стану. Протягом тривалого часу гендерна рівність не визнавалася елементом реформування  сектору безпеки і, відповідно, не була інтегрована на стратегічному рівні. Наразі, сучасна державна політика України спрямована на забезпечення рівності жінок і чоловіків у суспільстві, подолання всіх форм дискримінації за ознакою статі та створення необхідних соціально-політичних умов для реалізації жінками і чоловіками рівних можливостей у всіх сферах життя. Що стосується гендерних питань у роботі поліції, то за останнє десятиліття відбувся перехід від початкового фокусу на жінках до включення концепції маскулінності як чинника, що сприяє гендерній нерівності. Для того, щоб правоохоронна діяльність була ефективнішою, важливо визнавати та реагувати на різні потреби жінок, чоловіків. Не менш важливо є забезпечення того, щоб професія правоохоронця була однаково доступною, як  для жінок так і для чоловіків. Війна загострила не тільки проблему ґендерної рівності, але й дотримання  прав та свобод людини. Це війна навіть не за незалежність чи свободу. Ця війна – боротьба за, справедливість, рівність, права і свободи людини, та  демократичні цінності. Актуальність гендерної проблематики в Україні проявляється і в системі центральних органів виконавчої влади, які забезпечують формування державної політики у сферах: охорони прав і свобод людини, боротьби зі злочинністю, інтересів суспільства і держави, підтримання  безпеки і правопорядку. Саме тому впровадження гендерної політики в діяльність Національної поліції України потребує особливої уваги.
Experimental study of sustainable asphalt mixtures containing waste materials
Authors: Mohammed Humam H.
Published: November 2024

In the past decade, there has been a significant increase in traffic density and axial load, which has resulted in the road's rapidly deteriorating condition. Therefore, it was imperative to identify solutions to these issues to enhance the asphalt mixture to withstand excessive loads and weather fluctuations and extend the periodic maintenance period. This research aims to examine the performance characteristics of the asphaltic mixture by incorporating RAP and crumb rubber derived from waste tires and to compare the enhanced and conventional mixtures, regarded as the best sustainable solution the world is currently pursuing. Because crumb rubber is derived from discarded tires, which are difficult to dispose of and cause environmental pollution, this research has incorporated four proportions of crumb rubber (2%, 4%, 6 and 8%) into the 50-60 penetration grade asphalt binder. To achieve the optimal asphalt content and prepare laboratory samples for various laboratory tests, replace 10% of virgin aggregate gradation with RAP using the Marshall method for a wearing course. The outcomes demonstrated the improvement of modified mixtures with crumb rubber contents in the indirect tensile strength (ITS), moisture damage, rutting resistance, and Marshall stability and flow of asphaltic mixes.
Heraclitus and Socrates on Wise Humans and Their Ignorance
Authors: Seferoğlu Tonguç
Published: November 2024

Various studies have suggested that both Socrates and Heraclitus distinguish between human and divine knowledge. However, researchers have not thoroughly examined the connection between their views. The aim of this paper is to explore the relationship between the perspectives of Heraclitus and Socrates on wisdom, knowledge, and epistemic authority. This will be done by analysing Heraclitus’ fragments concerning the nature of knowledge-acquisition, the epistemic authority of his predecessors and the nature of human wisdom, and Plato’s Apology, where Socrates disavows certain knowledge and refutes others’ claims to wisdom. The findings reveal a close relationship between Heraclitus’ and Socrates’ reasons for criticizing those considered wise by many people. Both philosophers think that without employing the correct method of inquiry, people will attain neither wisdom nor understanding. While Heraclitus provides a metaphysical foundation for his claim why people fail to attain knowledge–they do not understand the logos that governs everything–Socrates does not have any explicit metaphysical commitments but thinks that people do not know what human wisdom amounts to. However, both emphasize the practice of self-inquiry, the value of self-knowledge, and the distinction between human and divine wisdom.
Interactions among cyclists riding the wrong way on the bicycle path
Authors: Leschik Claudia , Irizar da Silva Imanol , Gimm Kay , Junghans Marek
Published: November 2024

Cycling in the opposite direction can lead to many critical interaction situations and sometimes to severe crashes among cyclists. Unfortunately, no official statistics are kept of such situations in Germany. Since the number of cyclists increases in many locations in Germany faster than the cycling infrastructure improves, we can expect more of such dangerous situations in the near future. To reduce their number and severity and to develop realistic simulation models, it is essentially important to understand, how cyclists interact with each other in this particular scenario of wrong-way cycling and what consequences result for safety and cycling behaviour. This paper presents methodology and descriptive results of a traffic observation study at a signalled urban intersection in Braunschweig, Germany, with separated bicycle and footpaths. At this instrumented intersection, road user trajectories were recorded and analysed with regard to identify interactions between normal and wrong-way cyclists, and to find behavioural patterns. It appeared that several different behavioural patterns, for instance switching from bicycle path to footpath, occurred, speeds of wrong-way cyclists were slower. The distances before switching appeared to be different in some of the patterns while in others they appeared to be similar.
Introduction à la théorie des probabilités
Authors: Dalang Robert C. , Conus Daniel
Published: November 2024

Cet ouvrage est une première introduction à la théorie mathématique des probabilités. Il présente avec rigueur les notions fondamentales du calcul des probabilités: les espaces de probabilités, les variables aléatoires discrètes et continues, leurs fonctions de répartition et de densité, de même que les notions d’espérance, d’espérance conditionnelle et les principaux théorèmes limites. Sans recourir à la théorie de la mesure, ce livre contient néanmoins une démonstration complète de chaque résultat présenté et, en particulier, du théorème limite central. Afin de faciliter l’assimilation de la matière, chaque chapitre se termine par un grand nombre d’exercices – tant élémentaires que plus théoriques – pour la plupart assortis d’une solution complète et détaillée, et des exercices de révision sont proposés en fin d’ouvrage. L’approche mathématique rigoureuse de cet ouvrage, qui ne nécessite cependant aucune connaissance préalable en théorie de la mesure, comble un vide entre les nombreux ouvrages d’introduction aux probabilités et les ouvrages avancés de théorie des probabilités basés sur la théorie de la mesure. Conçu comme support pour un premier cours de théorie des probabilités au sein des universités et grandes écoles d’ingénieurs, cet ouvrage s’adresse en priorité aux étudiants mathématiciens et à tous ceux très intéressés par les mathématiques. Cette deuxième édition entièrement revue est augmentée de nombreux nouveaux exercices corrigés.