bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Upaya Penyelesaian Konflik Lahan Perkebunan PT. Bukit Barisan Indah Prima dengan Koperasi Unit Desa Harapan Baru di Kelurahan Simpang Tuan Kecamatan Mendahara Kabupaten Tanjung Jabung Timur
Authors: Maryati Maryati , Rostarum Triamy , Puspita Sri Ayu Indah
Published: October 2024

Conflict over plantation land is one of the plantation problems that cannot be resolved from time to time, which continues to make the community around the company anxious. Humans are categorized as individual creatures and as social creatures, inseparable from social relationships among other humans. This concerns each other's interests in interacting in society. As long as humans have different interests, conflict will always accompany them wherever they are. Conflict originates from a person's dissatisfaction with another person in terms of form or basic human needs (basic human needs), as stated, every human being has an interest in being able to have a desire to fulfill basic needs. For example, human material needs in the form of wealth can develop into needs for power, status and so on. As we all know, almost everyone has their own interests, both for themselves and their group. Differences in interests are one of the main factors that can trigger social conflict in society. One way of social conflict is the perception of differences in interests (perceived divergence of interest), or a belief that the aspirations of the conflicting parties cannot achieve the goals that have been agreed upon or achieved simultaneously. This means that the occurrence of a social conflict is caused by many factors so that the conflict is complex, involving various elements of society in it.
Impact of daratumumab/bortezomib/thalidomide and dexamethasone induction therapy on chemo-free stem cell mobilization in transplant eligible newly diagnosed multiple myeloma: a multicentre real-world experience.
Authors: Porrazzo Marika , Moscato Tiziana , Sapienza Giuseppe , Accardi Fabrizio , Patti Caterina , Cangialosi Clotilde , Costanza Carmelo , Bono Roberto , Tringali Stefania , Rotolo Cristina , Gigliotta Emilia , Rizzuto Andrea , Ingrascè Manuela Giuseppa , Butera Giulia , Di Noto Laura , Santoro Alessandra , Marfia Anna , Botta Cirino , Siragusa Sergio , Martino Massimo , Castagna Luca
Published: October 2024

Not available.
Lupus anticoagulant-hypoprothrombinemia syndrome with lupus nephritis in a girl misdiagnosed with immunoglobulin A nephropathy: a case report
Authors: Lee Chung Ho , Ahn Yo Han , Kang Hee Gyung , Kim Ji Hyun
Published: October 2024

Distinguishing lupus nephritis (LN) from other glomerulopathies, such as immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN), poses a diagnostic challenge owing to overlapping clinical and histopathologic findings. Lupus anticoagulant-hypoprothrombinemia syndrome (LAHPS) is a rare and potentially fatal disorder characterized by the presence of lupus anticoagulant and acquired factor II deficiency. We report a pediatric case of LN with LAHPS, which was initially diagnosed as IgAN. An 8-year-old girl presented with gross hematuria with nephrotic syndrome. Based on the kidney biopsy results, treatment for IgAN with membranoproliferative pattern was initiated. Two months later, she developed left upper extremity swelling with multiple vein thromboses requiring anticoagulation; treatment led to remission, allowing discontinuation of immunosuppressants within 8 months. Gross hematuria recurred 10 months later and was accompanied by hypocomplementemia; positive antinuclear, anti-double stranded DNA, and triple antiphospholipid antibodies; and factor II deficiency, prompting revision of the diagnosis to LN and LAHPS. Initial delay in LN diagnosis was attributed to the patient’s young age, nonspecific symptoms, and inconclusive laboratory and histopathological findings. Immunosuppressive therapy for IgAN partially improved LN, further complicating the diagnosis. This case emphasized the importance of clinical suspicion; integrating clinical, serological, and histopathological data; and considering LAHPS in differential diagnosis of glomerulonephritis with coagulopathy.
Nonpharmacological interventions for managing postoperative pain and anxiety in children: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Mathias Edlin Glane , Pai Mamatha Shivananda , Kumar Vijay , Narayanakurup Dinesh , Kulkarni Malavika , Guddattu Vasudeva , Bramhagen Ann-Cathrine , Nayak Baby S , George Anice
Published: October 2024

Background: Hospitalizations and surgical procedures are unpleasant for both children and their parents. Therefore, postoperative pain assessments and management are less commonly performed in younger children than in adults.Purpose: To evaluate the effect of nonpharmacological interventions on postoperative pain and anxiety in children.Methods: In this randomized controlled trial, 160 children were randomly allocated to experimental (n=80) and control (n=80) groups. The children in the experimental group received age-appropriate distraction interventions for 3 postoperative days along with standard care. Children in the control group received standard care only. Each child was assessed for pain using EVENDOL pain scale, while their anxiety was measured using the modified Yale Preoperative Anxiety Scale. The Descriptive statistics (frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation) and repeated-measures analysis of variance were used to analyze the data.Results: The children in the experimental group showed significantly decreased pain, anxiety, and physiological parameters (heart rate, respiratory rate, and oxygen saturation) compared to those in the control group. Significant intergroup differences were noted in the mean and standard deviation values of the pain, anxiety, and physiological parameters.Conclusion: The distraction interventions provided by nurses reduced the pain and anxiety levels and improved the postoperative recovery among children.
Impacts of winter crop choice and ewe body condition score change on whole farm profitability and production
Authors: Taylor Anna , Stevens David , McCoard Sue
Published: October 2024

Variations in body condition score (BCS) in ewes influences lamb survival, ewe survival and ewe lactation performance. Feeding a low protein diet such as fodder beet to ewes in mid-to-late pregnancy increases lamb losses and reduces lamb weaning weight even further. However, using high yielding forages such as fodder beet can reduce the area of winter crop required, introducing potential whole-farm benefits which may alter profitability. We analysed the effects of winter crop choice (brassica or fodder beet) and BCS (maintaining or reducing) on whole-farm production and profitability, using a targeted supplement to offset the impacts of fodder beet feeding. Eight farms were selected to represent low or high rainfall (590 and 1090 mm/annum respectively) regions of the South Island. Impacts of changing BCS on ewe and lamb survival at lambing, and lamb liveweight gain to weaning were calculated when fed either adequate (brassica) or low protein (fodder beet) diets in mid-to-late pregnancy. Production statistics and profitability were calculated using Farmax.  Whole farm profitability was analysed using BCS change and winter forage crop as main treatments, blocked by low or high rainfall. Applying the effects of BCS and low protein diets on reproductive performance from prior published studies resulted in variation of 102 to 141 lambs weaned per 100 ewes mated, with the lowest value when the low protein, fodder beet only diet was used. Greatest number of lambs weaned was achieved when BCS was maintained through winter through provision of a balanced supplement, regardless of winter forage diet (P<0.05). Lamb sale dates were later when fodder beet was used, due to lower lamb weaning weights, resulting in marginally higher prices due to changes in pricing schedule. Farm profitability was increased by 25% when BCS was maintained though winter (P<0.05) irrespective of the diet used. Use of fodder beet must be accompanied by targeted supplementation to avoid ewe BCS loss increased lamb losses and the negative effects on wastage and animal welfare. Extra profitability could only be generated by opportunities to sell surplus feed during the summer.  These responses were similar in both high and low rainfall environments. This study is unique in testing measured responses of BCS and targeted nutritional supplementation under specific physiological conditions on whole-farm profitability. Farmer decisions on feed utilisation and sale also have a significant influence on the potential to mitigate the effects of variations in winter forage choice.
Assessing the validity of sensor-based predictions of post-grazing residual in dairy systems
Authors: Hofmann Wayne
Published: October 2024

Knowledge of post-grazing residuals are crucial for dairy farmers to adjust feed inputs and optimise pasture utilisation. However, many farmers rely on subjective methods, like visual assessment, to make grazing decisions. This case study evaluation applied a predictive model for post-grazing residuals, based on previous research, to two farms: a research dairy farm with smaXtec rumen boluses divided into three farmlets (alternative pastures, current and low emissions) and a commercial dairy farm with cows equipped with AfiCollars. The aim was to assess the model’s performance in an uncontrolled environment. There was some alignment between the predicted post-grazing residuals from the sensor-based model and the farm-walk data. However, the model’s explanatory ability was poor, with R² values calculated as the coefficient of determination ranging from -1.31 for the alternative pastures farmlet to 0.05 for the current farmlet and 0.15 for the low emissions farmlet. On the commercial farm, the R² was -1.12. While previous studies have demonstrated the potential of predicting pasture residuals from animal sensors, our study identified some challenges that would need to be overcome for broader application, including variations in on-farm management practices (e.g., supplement usage, frequency of pasture allocation, and mulching) and pasture species diversity. Given the infancy of this approach, further research is necessary to refine the predictive capabilities and clarify the specific contexts where its use could benefit New Zealand farmers.
Automating dairy farm grazing records using GPS technology
Authors: Hofmann Wayne
Published: October 2024

Long-term grazing records can be used to assess paddock productivity (e.g., grazings per year), yet inconsistent record-keeping among New Zealand farmers hampers accurate analysis. Recently, GPS ear tags have emerged as an automated solution for identifying and recording paddocks grazed, providing data that could be used to underpin on-farm decisions and aid sector scale tracking of pasture productivity. Two GPS-enabled ear tags (GSatSolar and Ceres Trace) powered by solar energy and reporting direct-to-satellite were evaluated on two Waikato dairy farms for recording grazing events. Five cows were fitted with GSatSolar ear tags on each farm,  and a further four were fitted with Ceres Trace ear tags on the second farm. Comparing the GPS location data with manual grazing records revealed varying levels of accuracy in identifying the grazed paddock. The grazing records inferred using the GSatSolar ear tags correctly matched the manual grazing records on 58% of occasions on the first farm and 85% on the second farm, with the difference being attributed to the number of working devices between farms. By comparison, the Ceres Trace ear tags identified the grazed paddock on  91% of occasions. These findings suggest that it is feasible to automate the recording of on-farm grazing events using GPS-enabled devices. However, a greater number of devices should be deployed, and/or the location reporting frequency must be increased to identify the grazed paddock accurately. The considerations when choosing devices for these purposes are also discussed, including reporting frequency and tag attachment methods.
Subterranean clover growth responded to grass suppression, phosphorus and molybdenum fertilisers in a summer dry hill environment
Authors: Olykan Sonya , Lucas Richard , Smith Malcolm , Moot Derrick
Published: October 2024

Pastures on the north-facing slopes of the Port Hills, Canterbury, are summer-dry, grass dominant, and have low soil phosphorous and sulphur fertility. The aim of this experiment was to improve the establishment of oversown subterranean (sub) clover by the addition of fertilizer and grass-supressing herbicide. Treatments were a factorial combination of phosphorous (0 or 60 kg P/ha, -P or +P), sulphur (0 or 50 kg S/ha, -S or +S), and molybdenum (0 or 0.06 kg Mo/ha, -Mo or +Mo), with or without autumn herbicide (plus or minus, +H or -H). Fertilisers were applied in 2021, with P and S reapplied in 2023, and herbicide applied in 2022 and 2023. Pasture yields were measured annually from 2021 to 2023.
Measurements in 2021 found no fertiliser effect on total pasture yield of 3650±83 kg DM/ha that included 770±43 kg of sub clover. In 2022, P addition increased total pasture yield from 2900 to 3270 kg DM/ha. Herbicide application doubled the sub clover yield from 310 to 645 kg DM/ha and reduced grass from 1650 to 1410 kg DM/ha. In 2023, the herbicide application did not affect the total accumulated pasture yield (10180±160 kg DM/ha) but increased sub clover content from 10 to 25% and reduced the grasses from 63 to 47%, with about 4% white clover. Where herbicide was applied without fertiliser (+H), total clover yield increased from 1460 to 2930 kg DM/ha. The application of P and Mo, (i.e., +H+P+Mo treatment) increased it further to 4010 kg DM/ha. There was no yield response to +S or +Mo unless added with P.
Applying herbicide or phosphorous increased total metabolisable energy from 38.5 to 42.6 GJ ME/ha and crude protein from 500 to 595 kg/ha in pastures sampled in November 2023. The treatment combination providing the highest feed quality values was +H+P+Mo.
These results suggest that to optimise sub clover content of pastures on the Port Hills competing grasses must be controlled initially, followed by P fertiliser if soil tests indicate it is required along with molybdenum.
Evaluating management strategies for a pasture-based extended lactation system with 24-month calving intervals
Authors: Farrell Lydia , Edwards Paul , Beukes Pierre , Glassey Chris
Published: October 2024

Extended lactation (EL) systems, with calving interval voluntarily extended beyond 12 months, may alleviate dairy sector challenges of labour scarcity and non-replacement calves. This study used bio-economic simulation to investigate how the profitability of an EL system could be improved through strategic management and tested system robustness across different climate and economic years. An EL system with half of cows calving each spring at 24-month intervals was compared with a conventional (Control) system calving all cows each spring. Both systems were modelled with Ruakura climate and Friesian cows at 2.8 cows/ha with > 80% of feed from grazed pasture. Profitability of the EL system was better during years with greater pasture growth, particularly in summer and autumn, and in years with low supplement feed costs relative to milk price. The EL system profitability was improved by shortening grazing rotations in autumn and winter to harvest more pasture. Overall, a strategically managed EL system could achieve similar or improved production, profit and environmental outcomes to Control, provided the herd achieves similar days in milk to the control and has sufficiently lower feed, health and breeding expenses.
Investigating the impact of treading damage on the plantain (Plantago lanceolata L.) content and performance of a plantain/ perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) pasture over two years.
Authors: Wilson Sam , Donaghy Daniel , Horne David , Navarrete Soledad , Kemp Peter
Published: October 2024

There is industry concern over the difficulty of maintaining a satisfactory plantain (Plantago lanceolata L.) content within plantain/ perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) dairy pastures. One cause of the sharp decline in plantain content may be treading damage from grazing dairy cows during early spring. In an experiment at Massey University, Palmerston North, the impact of cow treading damage on the plantain content of a plantain/perennial ryegrass pasture was investigated over two production years. Measurements of pasture yield, canopy development, botanical composition and growing point density captured the response of the pasture, to the treading damage. Pasture growth was reduced by 50% and 75% following cow treading damage during the early spring periods of year one (2022) and two (2023), respectively (P<0.05). Plantain content and shoot density tended to be lower in damaged plots during early spring, before recovering throughout summer, although this effect was more pronounced during year one. These results re-iterate the importance of avoiding treading damage to ensure optimal plantain content and pasture production throughout spring. The reduction in plantain content in all plots during the second year of the experiment reflected industry observations, suggesting that treading damage likely provides only a part of the explanation for declines in plantain content observed on-farm. Alternative causes, and potential mitigations of the decline in plantain content within perennial ryegrass-based dairy pastures, are discussed.
Spring growth of lucerne (Medicago sativa L.) after different times of winter defoliation
Authors: Jones Lauren , Mills Annamaria , Moot Derrick
Published: October 2024

The aim of this work was to determine if autumn/winter defoliation affected the time of lucerne stem extension in spring. Two experiments were established at the Field Research Centre, Lincoln University.  Experiment 1 was established on 01/06/2022 using an existing two year old stand of “Force 4” lucerne. There were four canopy defoliation dates (1/06, 03/07, 17/07, 1/08). Experiment 2 repeated the treatments on the same paddock in the following year on eight defoliation dates (1/5, 15/5, 1/6, 15/6, 3/7, 17/7, 1/8 and 15/8). In both experiments, five stems were marked in each plot and stem height was measured weekly. The start of stem extension was unaffected by canopy defoliation date in either 2022 (P = 0.20) or 2023 (P = 0.17). Initiation of stem extension was triggered by a base photoperiod of 11.1 ± 0.2 h. This meant the thermal time accumulated from final defoliation to the start of stem extension differed among treatments. These results suggest the time of autumn/winter defoliation (the winter clean-up graze) will not affect the time of the first spring grazing, provided the developing basal buds are not removed. All stands reached 150 mm height by mid-September and produced 3.0 t/ha of dry matter by the end of the month. This suggests, grazing of the first paddock at Lincoln should commence in the first week of September to create a staggered start to rotational grazing that can maximise lucerne yield and quality for animal liveweight production.
Pasture performance tools: Current and future state
Authors: Gard Sarah , Neal Mark , Minnee Elena
Published: October 2024

Measuring pasture biomass is critical to inform pasture management for optimised utilisation.
Traditional techniques for measuring pasture performance are time-consuming and costly. Emerging pasture performance tools were assessed for accuracy, availability (of the tool and of data collected), calibrations used in development, and limitations.
Considerable efforts have been made with new tools to reduce the time and effort required to measure pasture performance, although limitations of accuracy remain, associated with calibration methods used in development. Promising future technologies will involve greater ground truthing for validation and fusion of multiple data sources.
Pasture formulation for optimised yield and weed suppression under sheep grazing and irrigation in Canterbury
Authors: Shampasivam Arulmageswaran , Black Alistair
Published: October 2024

Farmers need evidence to make decisions about what forage species and how much of each species to use in their pastures. This paper provides data from a study that aimed to formulate a sheep pasture from a diverse pool of six species. At Lincoln University, 69 monocultures and mixtures varying widely in sown number and proportions of perennial ryegrass, cocksfoot, plantain, white clover, red clover and subterranean clover were examined under sheep grazing for 4 years. Measured pasture functions were annual total herbage and weed yields. On average total yield increased and weed yield decreased with increases in number of species, but species’ proportions determined the optimal pasture. For example, on average six-species mixtures had 1.6 t/ha more total yield and 1.8 t/ha less weed yield than two-species mixtures (12.1 and 3.1 t/ha) at year 1. However, several pastures of equal number of species had above-average total and below-average weed yields. The pasture that maximised yield and weed suppression (14.1 and 0.3 t/ha per annum) had sown proportions of 0.5 ryegrass and 0.25 each of white and red clovers based on seed count; equivalent to 9.7, 1.3 and 9.0 kg/ha for a total sowing rate of 20 kg/ha.
Multi-year performance of white clover oversown into eastern North Island hill country
Authors: Dodd Michael , Rhodes Tim
Published: October 2024

Animal performance on summer-dry North Island hill country pastures is limited by soil fertility and the challenge of establishing and retaining a strong legume base in swards on steeper slopes. However, this can be overcome by 1. selecting legume species adapted to the various slope, aspect and soil type combinations; and 2. following well-recognised establishment and management techniques developed in the 1980s. We broadcast white clover in two large southerly aspect paddocks on Tangihanga Station, Gisborne, in the autumn of 2019. Establishment methods involved resident pasture control by hard grazing and selective herbicide to supress dominant low-fertility grasses, broadcasting at high sowing rates and trampling of seed with sheep. We followed white clover persistence and animal performance over the subsequent 5 seasons of rotational cattle grazing with heifers and steers, in comparison with adjacent unsown paddocks. The cost of establishment was c. $220/ha. White clover abundance remained high throughout the 5 years, between 25-40% of cover, compared with 7-17% in unsown paddocks. This increase in clover content of the pastures translated into both increased stocking rates and per head growth rates, with overall annual LWG increasing by 67-169% depending on season. The investment was paid back within the first year.
Endophyte mixture effects on ryegrass staggers in sheep
Authors: Milsom Andrew , Black Alistair , Bryant Racheal , Eady Colin
Published: October 2024

Epichloë endophytes protect ryegrass from insect pests, but no strain provides both the highest level of insect protection and lowest risk to livestock health. This study examined mixtures of endophytes to find combinations that could mitigate ryegrass staggers in sheep. At Barenbrug NZ, Courtenay, pastures varying widely in sown proportions of perennial ryegrass infected with nea3, nea12 and standard endophyte (SE) were sown in May 2019 and tested with lambs in summer and hoggets in spring 2020. In summer, sown proportions of >65% nea3, <35% nea12 and no SE delayed severe staggers (score 4–5) by 1 week. Alkaloid profiles of these pastures included the tremorgens epoxyjanthitrem I (<0.28 ppm) of nea12 and paxilline (<0.15 ppm) and terpendole C (<1.37 ppm) of nea3. In spring, sown proportions of >65% nea3 and <35% nea12 and/or SE did not induce staggers (score 0–0.1). Those pastures had low concentrations of the potent tremorgen lolitrem B (<0.30 ppm) of SE, epoxyjanthitrem I (<0.39 ppm) of nea12 and paxilline (<0.09 ppm) and terpendole C (<0.41 ppm) of nea3 and SE. The optimal endophyte formulations that minimised staggers across summer and spring were >65% nea3, <35% nea12 and no SE.
Clover and grass foliar nutrients in response to fertilizer and herbicide applications on Port Hills of Canterbury
Authors: Olykan Sonya , Lucas Richard , Smith Malcolm , Moot Derrick
Published: October 2024

Pastures on the Port Hills, Canterbury, are typically grass-dominant growing on low Olsen P soils and enduring summer-dry conditions. Sub clover is the preferred legume on steeper dryland hill slopes, but clovers struggle to compete with resident grasses for soil moisture and nutrients.
Nutrient concentrations in sub clover and grass foliage were sampled each spring, from 2021 to 2023, in an experiment with factorial combinations of phosphorous (0 or 60 kg P/ha, -P or +P), sulphur (0 or 50 kg S/ha, -S or +S), and molybdenum (0 or 0.06 kg Mo/ha, -Mo or +Mo) fertilisers, and autumn grass-supressing herbicide (plus or minus, +H or -H) set up in May 2021. The grasses sampled represented the mix of species in the pasture.
In the unfertilised controls, sub clover had higher foliar concentrations of N, Ca, Mg, B, Cu and Zn than the grasses which had higher concentrations of P, K, S and Mo, the nutrients commonly applied as fertilisers to support clover growth. Applying P increased foliar P concentrations from 0.16 to 0.27% in sub clover and 0.21 to 0.34% in grass in 2023. Sub clover and grass foliar S concentrations were mainly affected by sampling year. The +Mo treatment only elevated sub clover Mo in 2022 from 0.05 to 0.11 mg/kg. However, each year +Mo increased sub clover foliar N% by 0.3 to 0.5% units. +Mo elevated grass foliar Mo from ~0.45 to 1.42 mg/kg in 2021 but then concentrations declined to 0.99 and 0.67 mg/kg in 2022 and 2023 respectively. Grass N% was higher, by ~0.4% units, where herbicide was applied in 2022 and 2023.
In 2023, the +P+S+Mo fertiliser treatment increased N, P, S, Mg and B in sub clover compared with control. To maximise clover nutrition and growth on this low P site the regular addition of superphosphate, with molybdenum every four years, is recommended in conjunction with grass control.
Regenerative grazing practices and the sustainability of a beef production system in New Zealand
Authors: Cosgrove Gerald , Mackay Alec , Noakes Emma , Devantier Brian , Cole Rachel , Warbrick Irirangi , Hart Greg , Rosanowski Sarah
Published: October 2024

‘Regenerative’ grazing practices are being promoted by some pastoral farmers. A study commenced in 2022 is testing if maintaining higher pre- and post-grazing cover, longer intervals between grazing and higher stocking intensity, but shorter duration of grazing, will improve nutrient use efficiency (phosphorus (P), nitrogen (N)) and carbon (C) sequestration in the soil, while maintaining or increasing pasture and animal productivity. This ‘Adaptive’ grazing practice was compared against a ‘Control’, both under rotational grazing by cattle.  This paper reports baseline soil physical and chemical measurements collected in autumn and autumn and spring in 2022, and pre- and post-grazing herbage mass measured over two years through to autumn 2024. Soil baseline data indicate good nutrient fertility (Olsen-P, pH, exchangeable cations), physical condition, biological and microbial biomass and organic matter levels. The instantaneous stocking loading at grazing, a key indicator of the contrast between grazing treatments, was 15,500 and 150,400 kg liveweight/ha for the Control and Adaptive grazing treatment, respectively.  The high, pre-grazing target mass (3500 – 4000 kg DM/ha) was achieved at only two of the 15 grazing cycles, with the overall mean of 2850 kg DM/ha less than target.  Mean residual grazing mass was 2150 kg DM/ha.  There is no evidence after two years that grazing treatments affected on pasture productivity. Changes in these soil and pasture parameters over time will be assessed against the baseline measures reported here.
55 Years in Agribusiness – challenge, opportunity and change
Authors: Cottrell Robert
Published: October 2024

It is indeed an honour and privilege to be asked to deliver this year’s Sir Bruce Levy oration. While I was not an evangelist of Sir Bruce Levy’s writings, as students of the 1960’s we were well aware of the significant influence his work played in shaping the grassland systems of New Zealand farming. By the time we graduated in the 1970’s Sir Bruce’s ideas and Grassland DSIR were well advanced in breeding grasses and legumes that fitted with intensive grazing systems across the country. His legacy still prevails today in our modern grassland systems.
My topic for today is “55 years in Agribusiness – challenge, opportunity and change“. It poses a few anecdotes of my journey and experiences, challenges and learnings through the period of the 1970’s to 2023. I will also touch on some observations within the Maori agriculture sector during this time and the challenges and opportunities that lay ahead. And finish with some thoughts for the future.
Remarriage Restriction for Woman of 300 Days in Türkiye: Review of the ECtHR’s Nurcan Bayraktar v. Türkiye Judgment
Authors: Yılmaz Candan
Published: October 2024

Abstract
On 27 June 2023, the European Court of Human Rights unanimously declared that the complaint of Nurcan Bayraktar was admissible and held that there has been a violation of Article 8 and Article 14 in conjunction with Article 12 of the European Convention on Human Rights. The violation arose from the application of Article 132 of the Turkish Civil Code which imposes a 300-day waiting period on divorced women to remarry, unless they lodge an application to a Family Court to lift the waiting period by proving with a medical report that they are not pregnant. The Court concludes that obligation to produce medical evidence to prove that the applicant was not pregnant - which can only be obtained by means of medical examination - constituted an interference with the applicant’s exercise of her right to respect for her private life, considering that it was not necessary in a democratic society. Moreover, the Court found that the obligation imposed on divorced women, due to the possibility of pregnancy, to wait 300 days amounts to direct discrimination on grounds of sex, which cannot be justified by the aim of preventing uncertainty as to the parentage of an unborn child. This study aims to summarise and review this judgment, which was delivered in French, in English for a wider audience, by providing a background information on Article 132 of the Turkish Civil Code.
Anayasa Mahkemesinin 25.07.2023 Tarihli Bireysel Başvuru Kararı Bağlamında Evlat Edinmede Evlat Edinen ve Evlat Edinilen Arasındaki Yaş Farkı Meselesi
Authors: İmamoğlu Selma Hülya
Published: October 2024

Anayasa Mahkemesi, 25.07.2023 tarihli bireysel başvuru kararında, başvurucu ve başvurucudan onaltı yaş büyük üvey babası arasında mahkeme kararıyla kurulan evlatlık ilişkisinin kaldırılması dolayısıyla başvurucunun aile hayatına saygı hakkının ihlal edildiği sonucuna varmıştır. Yüksek Mahkemeye göre hak ihlali, evlat edinilenin, evlat edinenden en az onsekiz yaş küçük olmasını öngören TMK m. 308/I hükmünden kaynaklanmıştır. Burada ihlalin sebebi, anılan hükmün somut olay bağlamında uygulanabilecek haklı ve kabul edilebilir istisnalara yer vermemesi, zorunlu durumlar karşısında uygulayıcılara takdir alanı bırakmamasıdır. Asgari yaş farkı şartı, evlat edinmeyle birlikte evlat edinen ve evlat edinilen arasında kurulan soybağı ilişkisini, doğal bir ana baba ve çocuk ilişkisine benzetmeyi ve böylelikle dengeli bir aile yapısını oluşturmayı hedeflemesi bakımından gerekli bir düzenlemedir. Ancak TMK m. 308/I hükmündeki düzenleme, esnek değildir. Bireysel başvuruya konu olayda olduğu gibi münferit halin şartlarına göre ve özellikle çocuğun yararına gerekli görüldüğü takdirde asgari yaş farkı şartından ayrılmak mümkün olmalıdır. Bize göre bu konuda yasal bir değişiklik yapılmalıdır. Ancak yasal bir değişikliğe gidilmediği takdirde somut olay bağlamında adaletsiz bir sonucu önlemek için TMK m. 2/II hükmüne dayanılarak normun düzeltilmesi yönüne gidilebilir veya TMK m. 308/I hükmünün katı bir hüküm olarak değerlendirilmemesi halinde teleolojik redüksiyon yöntemiyle anılan hükmün çocuğun yararına somut olaya uygulanmaması sağlanabilir.
Two Kings: Empire, Abolition, and the University of Aberdeen’s First African Student
Authors: Anderson Richard
Published: October 2024

This article presents a biography and multi-generational microhistory of Nathaniel King (1847–1884), the University of Aberdeen’s first African-born student and a pioneering practitioner of Western medicine in colonial West Africa. Nathaniel’s father, Thomas King, rose from slavery to become a missionary and linguist in Sierra Leone and what would later become Nigeria. Nathaniel, born to survivors of the Middle Passage, graduated M.B., C.M. from Aberdeen in 1876, before returning to West Africa to become a prominent member of the educated elite in Victorian Lagos.

The long-established historiography of Scottish ‘sojourners’ abroad has not yet explored the impact of colonial sojourners to Scotland, an itinerary travelled particularly by male students from within the empire, especially as Scotland’s universities became imperial centres of medical training. This article draws particular attention to the significance of Britain’s nineteenth-century campaign against the trans-Atlantic slave trade in the arrival of the first African-born students at Scottish universities, placing King’s history within a broader pattern of Africans born to people liberated from slave ships who ventured to Aberdeen, Edinburgh, and St Andrews in the middle decades of the nineteenth century for medical training.
Jamie Macpherson's Fiddle: Decolonisation, and Representing Gypsy/Traveller Communities in the Clan Macpherson Museum
Authors: Ramsay Rhona , MacPherson Jim
Published: October 2024

This article examines the representation of Gypsy/Travellers in Scottish museums using a decolonial perspective. Focusing on a case study of Jamie Macpherson’s fiddle and its re-interpretation at the Clan Macpherson Museum in 2021, this article explores the value of using decolonial ideas to frame and interpret Scottish Gypsy/Traveller experience. It argues that, both historically and in the present, Scottish Gypsy/Travellers have been subject to racism and discrimination that are the product of colonialism and its continuing legacies. This theoretical framework of coloniality informed a collaborative project to re-interpret Jamie Macpherson’s fiddle at the Clan Macpherson Museum, where the authors worked with activists and members of the Gypsy/Traveller community. The focal point of this re-interpretation was a piece of creative writing by Maggie McPhee, a Scottish Traveller, whose ‘Heartbreak Through Her Eyes’ re-imagined the story of Jamie Macpherson – hanged at Banff in 1700 for being an ‘Egiptian’ (Gypsy) – from the perspective of his mother. Centering the experience of both women and Gypsy/Travellers, Maggie McPhee’s story demonstrated different ways of knowing the past. Drawing on recent feminist work in South America on the epistemologies of the South, we argue that storytelling such as Maggie’s can become an act of decolonial resistance – a form of ‘poetic knowledge’ that can be an important part of broader efforts to decolonise museums. The enduring coloniality of anti-Gypsy/Traveller racism is challenged by the powerful and beautiful words of Maggie McPhee, centring the Gypsy/Traveller voice in ways that change our understanding of the past and fight racism in the present.
Entelektüel Sermaye ve Bilgi Yönetimi İlişkisine Dair Sistematik Bir Değerlendirme
Authors: Baran Selma , Şener Emine
Published: October 2024

Bu çalışmada örgütün verimli ve etkili olmasına katkı sağlayan “entelektüel sermaye ve bilgi yönetimi” ilişkisinin hangi boyutta olduğu üzerinde durulmuştur. Küreselleşmenin getirdiği değişim ile birlikte değer yaratmak isteyen örgütlerin “entelektüel sermaye ve bilgi yönetimi” ilişkisinin nasıl etkileşim içerisinde olduğunu içeren çalışmalar dikkate alınmıştır. Bu araştırmanın amacı, 2000-2023 yılları arasında yapılan “entelektüel sermaye ve bilgi yönetimi” konusunu birlikte alan çalışmaların sistematik olarak analizinin yapılmasıdır. Literatür taraması sonucu 117 çalışma sistematik derleme ile analiz edilip doğrudan ilgisi olmayan 108 çalışma dışlanıp 9 makale araştırmaya dâhil edilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda, yapılan çalışmalarda iki olgunun birbiri ile etkileşim içerisinde olduğu vurgulanmaktadır. Ancak bu iki olgu arasındaki ilişkinin etkili kullanılıp kullanılmadığı önem arz etmektedir. Böylece birçok alanda yapılan çalışmalar sistematik derleme ile genel bir perspektif sunmayı amaçlamıştır.
Bankacılık Sektöründe Yetenek Yönetimi Anlayışı Kapsamında Yapılan İşe Alım ve Eğitim - Gelişim Faaliyetlerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: Yıldız Cansu
Published: October 2024

Son yıllarda yaşanan rekabet ortamı yetenek yönetimi anlayışının önemine vurgu yapmaktadır. Yetenek yönetimi anlayışına sahip olan bankalar diğer rakip bankalara kıyasla rekabet avantajı elde etmektedir ve bu anlayış, banka bünyesindeki çalışanların sürdürülebilir nitelikteki eğitim-gelişim süreçlerini destekleyici bir etkiye sahiptir. Bankalar bünyelerine yetenek sahibi bireyleri bulmayı, çekmeyi, elde tutmayı ve gelişmeyi hedefleyerek başarılı olmayı planlamaktadır. Yetenek yönetimi anlayışı ise bu düşüncenin gerçekleşmesini sağlayan bir anlayıştır. Bu nedenden dolayı, yetenek yönetimi anlayışının banka çalışanları ve bankalar üzerinde olumlu bir etkisi vardır. Araştırmanın temel amacı; bankalar bünyesinde uygulanan yetenek yönetimi anlayışı kapsamındaki işe alım ve eğitim- gelişim faaliyetlerinin çalışan motivasyonu ve performansı kavramlarına olan etkisini banka sektörü çalışanları açısından incelemektir. Veriler, derinlemesine mülakat yöntemiyle toplanmıştır, mülakatlar yüz-yüze ve internet ortamında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırma, yapılandırılmış mülakat yöntemi teklifine geri dönüş yapan bankalar çerçevesinde sınırlandırılmıştır. Bu doğrultuda, bankaların insan kaynakları yöneticileriyle iletişime geçilmiştir. Araştırmadan elde edilen bulgu ise yetenek yönetimi anlayışının, ülkemizde faaliyet gösteren devlet-özel bankalar tarafından uygulanan ve onların faaliyetlerine olumlu yönde etki eden bir anlayış olduğu çıkarımıdır.
Dijital Tedarik Zincirinin Gelişen Trendleri: Bibliyometrik Bir Değerlendirme
Authors: Toprak Biset , Nebati Emine Elif
Published: October 2024

Son yıllarda teknolojinin gelişimiyle birlikte firmaların vazgeçilmezi haline gelen endüstri 4.0, tedarik zinciri üzerinde de etkisini göstermektedir. Küreselleşme ile firmaların varlıklarını sürdürebilmeleri için dijitalleşme zorunluluk haline gelmiştir. Böylelikle makine öğrenmesi, blok zincir, nesnelerin interneti gibi teknolojilerin geleneksel tedarik zincirine entegre edilmesiyle dijital tedarik zincirine yönelim başlamıştır. Tedarik zincirinde dijital dönüşüm sonucunda firmalar, daha iyi planlama, üretimde sürdürülebilirlik, daha yüksek müşteri memnuniyeti, daha hızlı, daha az maliyetli, şeffaf bir tedarik zinciri ağı elde ederek geleneksel tedarik zincirinden kaynaklanan stoksuzluk, teslimat gecikmeleri ve aşırı stok gibi problemlerin ortadan kaldırılmasına yardımcı olmaktadır. Stok maliyetleri ve tedarik süreleri düşürülürken müşteri deneyimi iyileştirilerek tedarik zinciri performansı optimize edilmektedir. Bu çalışmada öncelikle dijital tedarik zincirinin ne olduğu, şirketlerin tedarik zincirinde dijitalleşme için kullanması gereken teknolojilerin neler olduğu ve dijital tedarik zincirindeki gelişmeler üzerine bir araştırma yapılmıştır. Dijital tedarik zincirinin önemi ve faydaları vurgulanmıştır. Sonrasında ise WoS veri tabanında 2001-2023 yılları arasında yayınlanan 201 makale bibliyometrik analiz ile incelenmiştir. Dijital tedarik zinciri alanındaki makalelerin yıllara göre dağılımı, makalelerde öne çıkan ülkeler ve kurumlar, makalelerin indekslere ve yayınlandıkları dergilere göre dağılımı, en çok atıf alan makaleler ve makalelerde kullanılan anahtar kelimelerin dağılımı incelenerek elde edilen veriler çeşitli görseller ile desteklenmiştir. Çalışmanın, dijital tedarik zinciri alanındaki bilgi birikimini, öne çıkan araştırma konularını, eğilimleri ve boşlukları sunması açısından araştırmacılara yol göstereceği umulmaktadır.
STEMIN and YAP5SA, the future of heart repair?
Authors: Bejar Nada , Xiao Siyu , Iyer Dinakar , Muili Azeez , Adeleye Adeniyi , McConnell Bradley K. , Schwartz Robert J.
Published: October 2024

This review outlines some of the many approaches taken over a decade or more to repair damaged hearts. We showcase the recent breakthroughs in organ regeneration elicited by reprogramming factors OCT3/4, SOX2, KLF4, and C-MYC (OKSM). Transient OKSM transgene expression rejuvenated senescent organs in mice. OKSM transgenes also caused murine heart cell regeneration. A triplet alanine mutation of the N-terminus of Serum Response Factor’s MADS box SRF153(A3), termed STEMIN, and the YAP mutant, YAP5SA synergized and activated OKSM and NANOG in adult rat cardiac myocytes; thus, causing rapid nuclear proliferation and blocked myocyte differentiation. In addition, ATAC seq showed induced expression of growth factor genes FGFs, BMPs, Notchs, IGFs, JAK, STATs and non-canonical Wnts. Injected STEMIN and YAP5SA synthetic modifying mRNA (mmRNA) into infarcted adult mouse hearts, brought damaged hearts back to near normal contractility without severe fibrosis. Thus, STEMIN and YAP5SA mmRNA may exert additional regenerative potential than OKSM alone for treating heart diseases.
Degree of twist in the Achilles tendon interacts with its length and thickness in affecting local strain magnitude: a finite element analysis
Authors: Enomoto Shota , Furuuchi Shunya , Ishibashi Tatsuki , Yamada Shu , Oda Toshiaki
Published: October 2024

Introduction

The relationship between the twisting of the three subtendons of the Achilles tendon (AT) and local strain has received attention in recent years. The present study aimed to elucidate how the degree of twist in the AT affects strain using finite element (FE) analysis, while also considering other geometries (e.g., length, thickness, and width) and their combinations.

Methods

A total of 59 FE models with different degrees of twist and geometries were created. A lengthening force (z-axis) of 1,000 N was applied to each subtendon (total: 3,000 N). The average value of the first principal Lagrange strain was calculated for the middle third of the total length of the model.

Results

Statistical (stepwise) analysis revealed the effects of the degree of twist, other geometries, and their combinations on AT strain. The main findings were as follows: (1) a greater degree of twist resulted in higher average strains (t = 9.28, p < 0.0001) and (2) the effect of the degree of twist on the strain depended on dimensions of thickness of the most distal part of the AT (t = −4.49, p < 0.0001) and the length of the AT (t = −3.82, p = 0.0005). Specifically, when the thickness of the most distal part and length were large, the degree of twist had a small effect on the first principal Lagrange strain; however, when the thickness of the most distal part and length were small, a greater degree of twist results in higher first principal Lagrange strain.

Conclusion

These results indicate that the relationship between the degree of twist and local strain is complex and may not be accurately assessed by FE simulation using a single geometry.
Chemical approaches targeting the hurdles of hepatocyte transplantation: mechanisms, applications, and advances
Authors: Shi Huanxiao , Ding Yi , Sun Pingxin , Lv Zhuman , Wang Chunyan , Ma Haoxin , Lu Junyu , Yu Bing , Li Wenlin , Wang Chao
Published: October 2024

Hepatocyte transplantation (HTx) has been a novel cell-based therapy for severe liver diseases, as the donor livers for orthotopic liver transplantation are of great shortage. However, HTx has been confronted with two main hurdles: limited high-quality hepatocyte sources and low cell engraftment and repopulation rate. To cope with, researchers have investigated on various strategies, including small molecule drugs with unique advantages. Small molecules are promising chemical tools to modulate cell fate and function for generating high quality hepatocyte sources. In addition, endothelial barrier, immune responses, and low proliferative efficiency of donor hepatocytes mainly contributes to low cell engraftment and repopulation rate. Interfering these biological processes with small molecules is beneficial for improving cell engraftment and repopulation. In this review, we will discuss the applications and advances of small molecules in modulating cell differentiation and reprogramming for hepatocyte resources and in improving cell engraftment and repopulation as well as its underlying mechanisms.
Using different zebrafish models to explore liver regeneration
Authors: Mo Dashuang , Lv Mengzhu , Mao Xiaoyu
Published: October 2024

The liver possesses an impressive capability to regenerate following various injuries. Given its profound implications for the treatment of liver diseases, which afflict millions globally, liver regeneration stands as a pivotal area of digestive organ research. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) has emerged as an ideal model organism in regenerative medicine, attributed to their remarkable ability to regenerate tissues and organs, including the liver. Many fantastic studies have been performed to explore the process of liver regeneration using zebrafish, especially the extreme hepatocyte injury model. Biliary-mediated liver regeneration was first discovered in the zebrafish model and then validated in mammalian models and human patients. Considering the notable expansion of biliary epithelial cells in many end-stage liver diseases, the promotion of biliary-mediated liver regeneration might be another way to treat these refractory liver diseases. To date, a comprehensive review discussing the current advancements in zebrafish liver regeneration models is lacking. Therefore, this review aims to investigate the utility of different zebrafish models in exploring liver regeneration, highlighting the genetic and cellular insights gained and discussing the potential translational impact on human health.
The potential role of gut microbiota in the occurrence and development of endometriosis
Authors: Guo Jing , Yan Xianyue , Han Liping
Published: October 2024

Endometriosis (EMT) has a significant impact on women’s physical and mental health. In this study, high-throughput sequencing technology was employed to detect differences in gut microbiota between EMT patients and healthy individuals (CTL). Additionally, Spearman correlation analysis was utilized to analyze the correlation between different bacterial genera and EMT biomarkers (CA125 and CA199). The results demonstrated that at the phylum level, the relative abundances of Proteobacteria and Desulfobacterota_G_459546 in the EMT group were significantly higher than those in the CTL group, while the relative abundances of Bacteroidota and Firmicutes_A in the EMT group were significantly lower than those in the CTL group. At the genus level, the relative abundances of Burkholderiales and Sphingomonadales in the EMT group were significantly higher than those in the CTL group, while the relative abundances of Bacteroidales and Roseburia in the EMT group were significantly lower than those in the CTL group. The correlation analysis results show that CA125 and CA199 are significantly positively correlated with Burkholderiales and Sphingomonadales, and significantly negatively correlated with Bacteroidales, Oscillospirales, and Roseburia. The PICRUSt2 results show that the relative abundance in the cell motility and xenobiotics biodegradation and metabolism pathways in the EMT group was higher than that in the CTL group, while the relative abundance in the translation, replication and repair, folding, sorting and degradation, metabolism of terpenoids and polyketides and metabolism of cofactors and vitamins pathways in the EMT group was lower than that in the CTL group. In brief, there is a close correlation between the imbalance of gut microbiota and the onset of EMT. The intestinal microbiota has great significance broad prospects for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of EMT.