bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dádivas e testemunhos: o compartilhamento de experiências e memórias de mães de crianças com condições complexas de saúde
Authors: Paez Anita Silva , Moreira Martha Cristina Nunes
Published: January 2021

Resumo: A revista eletrônica americana Complex Child, escrita por mães e para as mães de crianças ditas complexas, reúne desde 2008 um importante acervo. Foram analisados 126 números, sendo a linha condutora a busca e a análise da produção, nos escritos, de significados positivos e, portanto, contra-hegemônicos, com base em uma experiência que tem pouco lugar no imaginário social além daquele de tragédia pessoal. Assumindo a posição dessas mães como situada política e historicamente, alcançamos a dimensão do testemunho. A teoria da dádiva de Marcel Mauss, bem como a noção de sofrimento social em Veena Das, fornecem o arcabouço teórico deste trabalho, estruturado na forma de um ensaio. Após o acervo ser organizado e lido à luz de nossos referenciais, foram identificados quatro nichos de discussão. As construções maternas de felicidade parecem agrupar-se em torno das ideias de dádiva e legado (gift e legacy no original). A noção de dádiva está associada a ganhos originados na existência e no cuidado da criança complexa, já a ideia de legado é referida principalmente a uma criança ou jovem falecido. Uma vez que a mãe possa ver seu filho e as oportunidades que advêm de seus cuidados como presentes, há uma necessidade quase imperativa de retribuir ao mundo.
Inserção da acupuntura no ensino médico: revisão sistemática das experiências brasileiras
Authors: Correia Divanise Suruagy , Cardoso Geraldo Mario de Carvalho , Taveira Maria das Graças Monte Mello , Duarte Elza Marculino , Souza Carlos Dornels Freire de
Published: January 2021

Resumo: Introdução: A acupuntura objetiva o equilíbrio energético por meio de estímulos na pele com a inserção de agulhas em pontos específicos. Ela faz parte do conjunto de conhecimentos teórico práticos da medicina tradicional chinesa. Atualmente, a Organização Mundial da Saúde vem apoiando ações relacionadas ao ensino, à pesquisa e à troca de informações em todo o mundo. Este estudo busca responder à seguinte questão de pesquisa: “Quais são as evidências sobre a inserção da acupuntura no ensino médico no Brasil?”. Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivo revisar a literatura no que concerne à inserção da acupuntura nas escolas médias do Brasil. Método: Trata-se de uma revisão sistemática, realizada em fevereiro de 2020, com a busca da combinação das expressões e dos termos “medicinas alternativas e complementares”, “acupuntura”, “acupuntura médica”, “ensino médico” e “Brasil”, com as adaptações terminológicas para as línguas inglesa e espanhola, e de acordo com as bases de dados: PubMed/Medline, Medline/BVS, Lilacs, HomeoIndex, Scopus e SciELO. Os manuscritos incluídos foram avaliados na íntegra por dois pesquisadores com a finalidade de identificar núcleos temáticos de discussão, a saber: “Acupuntura no Brasil: desafios e perspectivas”; “Acupuntura na graduação médica: experiências, percepções e desafios”; “Especialização/residência em acupuntura médica”; “Divulgação científica: importância na educação médica”. Resultados: Os 16 artigos selecionados foram classificados segundo objetivos, método, resultados e conclusões, e discutidos com base nos núcleos temáticos identificados. Conclusão: Os dados do estudo mostram que a acupuntura vem crescendo no Brasil, com maior divulgação e ensino lato sensu, com resumida participação durante a graduação. Espera-se que as políticas públicas voltadas para o Sistema Único de Saúde possam incentivar maiores investimentos no ensino durante a graduação.
BK virus nephropathy in a heart transplant recipient
Authors: Nieto-Ríos John Fredy , Benavides-Henao Diego Armando , Aristizabal-Alzate Arbey , Morales-Contreras Carol , Chacón-Jaimes Diana Carolina , Zuluaga-Valencia Gustavo , Serna-Higuita Lina María
Published: January 2021

Abstract BK virus nephropathy in kidney transplantation is widely recognized as an important cause of graft dysfunction and loss. In the case of transplants of organs other than kidney, BK virus nephropathy in native kidneys has been recognized as a cause of chronic kidney disease, which is related with immunosuppression; however, the diagnosis is usually late because the renal dysfunction is attributed to other causes, such as toxicity by anticalcineurinic drugs, interstitial nephritis due to medications, hemodynamic changes, diabetes, hypertension, etc. We report a case of BK virus nephropathy in a patient who underwent heart transplantation due to peripartum cardiomyopathy. The kidney biopsy reported active chronic tubulointerstitial nephritis associated with late stage polyomavirus nephritis and the blood viral load for BK virus was positive (logarithm 4.5). The immunosuppressive treatment was reduced, and after two years of follow-up, the patient had stable renal function with a serum creatinine of 2.5 mg/dL (GFR of 23.4 mL/min/1.73m2). We recommend that the BK virus be considered as a cause of renal dysfunction in heart transplant recipients, with the aim of detecting its replication in time to reduce immunosuppressive therapy before irreversible compromise of renal function may manifest.
CONSELHOS E REGIMES DE NORMATIZAÇÃO padrões decisórios em municípios de grande porte
Authors: Lavalle Adrian Gurza , Guicheney Hellen , Vello Bruno Grisotto
Published: January 2021

O artigo argumenta que regimes de normatização subnacional de caráter estadual podem modificar, consideravelmente, a atuação dos conselhos gestores de políticas no plano municipal. O argumento tem implicações relevantes, porque o conhecimento acumulado sobre os conselhos descansa na premissa da prevalência de regimes nacionais de normatização, responsáveis por produzir convergência local na atuação dessas instituições, por setor de políticas. Apresentam-se resultados inéditos, comparando-se a produção decisória de 77 conselhos, mediante o exame de cerca de 15 mil resoluções, em cinco municípios de grande porte − Fortaleza, Belo Horizonte, Porto Alegre, Goiânia e Guarulhos −, escolhidos a partir de uma amostra intencional, segundo a disponibilidade de dados. Especificamente, com base em uma tipologia de conselhos que permite agregar as decisões e projetar resultados esperados, examinam-se o volume e escopo das resoluções, bem como a dispersão desses dois atributos entre conselhos do mesmo setor. O padrão decisório encontrado confirma que a descrição standard dos conselhos, informada por uma narrativa focada no plano nacional, corresponde a parte significativa dos conselhos, mas lhe escapa uma parte deles com atividade decisória anômala, plausivelmente animada por regimes estaduais de normatização.
The Computational Complexity of Understanding Binary Classifier Decisions
Authors: Waeldchen Stephan , Macdonald Jan , Hauch Sascha , Kutyniok Gitta
Published: January 2021

For a d-ary Boolean function Φ: {0, 1}d → {0, 1} and an assignment to its variables x = (x1, x2, . . . , xd) we consider the problem of finding those subsets of the variables that are sufficient to determine the function value with a given probability δ. This is motivated by the task of interpreting predictions of binary classifiers described as Boolean circuits, which can be seen as special cases of neural networks. We show that the problem of deciding whether such subsets of relevant variables of limited size k ≤ d exist is complete for the complexity class NPPP and thus, generally, unfeasible to solve. We then introduce a variant, in which it suffices to check whether a subset determines the function value with probability at least δ or at most δ − γ for 0 < γ < δ. This promise of a probability gap reduces the complexity to the class NPBPP. Finally, we show that finding the minimal set of relevant variables cannot be reasonably approximated, i.e. with an approximation factor d1−α for α > 0, by a polynomial time algorithm unless P = NP. This holds even with the promise of a probability gap.
Propuesta neurolingüística para potencializar la atención voluntaria en estudiantes Colombianos
Authors: Velasco Sinisterra Hilda , Yangali Vicente Judith
Published: January 2021

El propósito de esta investigación es demostrar la influencia positiva de la propuesta de programación neurolingüística en la mejora potencial de la atención voluntaria de los escolares en instituciones públicas de la zona urbana de Buenaventura, Colombia. El método de trabajo es hipotético deductivo con un nivel de investigación explicativo, el diseño en el estudio fue experimental, de subdiseño cuasi-experimental, corte longitudinal, donde se aplicó un pre-test de evaluación al inicio del ciclo académico y un post-test al final, a dos grupos de estudio divididos como un grupo control y un grupo experimental, la estrategia consistió aplicar la propuesta de programación neurolingüística al grupo experimental para evaluar su efecto y compararlo con el grupo control. Se demostró que existe una influencia positiva de la propuesta de programación neurolingüística ligada a estilos de aprendizajes en la atención voluntaria en estudiantes de transición en Buenaventura, Colombia.
Un estudio de aprendizaje sobre el voluntariado en el sistema de recuperación de emergencia en Rusia: sobre la interacción entre el estado y las organizaciones civiles
Authors: Zaitseva Irina Aleksandrovna , Krikunov Aleksandеr Evgen'evich
Published: January 2021

El propósito del artículo es identificar los motivos, tipos y áreas de voluntariado en el sistema de respuesta de emergencia en la región de Lipetsk, Rusia. Para obtener las características cuantitativas del problema estudiado, se ha utilizado el método de sondeo masivo en el lugar de residencia, trabajo y estudio de los encuestados. El motivo principal de los participantes en las actividades de voluntariado es la razón altruista. El 8,1% de los voluntarios ha definido su ámbito de actividad como voluntariado en situaciones de emergencia. El 31,9% está potencialmente preparado para ayudar a las personas en situaciones de emergencia. Esta variación en las cifras podría explicarse por el hecho de que muchos voluntarios no tienen las habilidades necesarias suficientes. Además, la participación en situaciones de emergencia, liquidación, accidentes de tráfico, extinción de incendios, etc., está asociada a un posible riesgo.
Los problemas políticos de Irán desde el punto de vista de las mujeres viajeras en la era Nasseri
Authors: Mohiedin Khalkhali Seyed , Kalhor Mohammad
Published: January 2021

El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar los problemas políticos de Irán desde el punto de vista de las mujeres viajeras en la era Nasseri. Esta investigación se ha realizado mediante el método descriptivo y mediante el estudio de trabajos escritos e históricos. Los investigadores han extraído material examinando libros, artículos y escritos históricos. Asimismo, se recopila e soluciona los problemas de los pasajeros. Los resultados muestran que durante la Era Qajar, debido a la posición estratégica de Irán y el Golfo Pérsico, esta región fue de particular interés para las potencias internacionales superiores; por lo tanto, viajaban a Irán viajeros, estadistas, embajadores y comerciantes de muchos países europeos y no europeos. En estas delegaciones y grupos políticos extranjeros también hubo figuras femeninas, entre ellas Lady Sheil, Jane Dieulafoy, Gertrude Bell, Madame Wolfson, Isabella Bird Bishop y Carla Serena. Algunas de estas mujeres llegaron a Irán como miembros de delegaciones políticas y otras con fines turísticos o económicos. Con respecto a su estatus y posición, proporcionaron a los funcionarios de Qajar informes en los que abordaban los problemas políticos de Irán, como el fracaso del gobierno en la gestión de la salud pública y la justicia, el manejo de la inseguridad, la corrupción económica generalizada entre los estadistas y otras autoridades del gobierno de Qajar, opresiones, y similares. Según los resultados, se puede decir que la mayoría de estos problemas están relacionados con la estructura interna de Irán así como con la cultura iraní y algunas costumbres de esa época.
Estudio pedagógico sobre el efecto del mes sagrado de Ramadán en el volumen de operaciones y los rendimientos anormales en el mercado de capitales iraní
Authors: Noori Abdollah , Mohammadi Molgharni Atallah , Noravesh Iraj
Published: January 2021

El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el efecto calendario del mes sagrado de Ramadán sobre el volumen de operaciones y los rendimientos anormales en el mercado de capitales iraní durante los años 2009 a 2019 durante 10 años en la bolsa de valores. El presente estudio se considera aplicado en términos de propósito y correlación en términos de método descriptivo. Además, se utilizó el modelo de panel de datos para investigar la relación entre las variables. De acuerdo con los resultados, la variable coeficiente del efecto del mes sagrado de Ramadán sobre el volumen de negociación tiene un nivel significativo de 0.441, por lo tanto, considerando que este valor es mayor que el nivel alfa de la investigación, que es igual a 0.05, por lo tanto, no se rechaza esta hipótesis (cero) de que la variable del efecto del Ramadán no es efectiva sobre la variable de volumen de comercio. Por tanto, el efecto del calendario del mes sagrado sobre el volumen de transacciones no es significativo. Según los resultados la variable coeficiente del efecto del Ramadán y el retorno de la acción tiene un nivel significativo de 0.000, por lo que considerando que este valor es menor que el nivel alfa de la investigación, que es igual a 0.05, por lo tanto, esta hipótesis (cero) que la variable de efecto Ramadán D01 no afecta la rentabilidad de las acciones en Irán, se rechaza.
The Comparative Gut Content Analysis of Some Chironomidae Larvae Living in the Freshwaters at Northern Thrace Region of Turkey
Authors: AYDIN Gazel Burcu , ÖTERLER Burak , ÇAMUR ELİPEK Belgin , GÜHER Hüseyin
Published: January 2021

The roles of larval chironomids in the food chain of both the lotic and the lentic ecosystems are very important. On the one hand, chironomid larvae feeding on algae, diatoms, rotting organic matter, plant, and animal residues also play an important role in these systems as a source of food for other carnivores and omnivorous organisms. In this study, the gut contents of Cryptochironomus defectus (Kieffer, 1913), Cladotanytarsus mancus (Walker, 1856), Polypedilum scalaenum (Schrank, 1803), Tanypus kraatzi (Kieffer, 1912) collected from the freshwater ecosystems located in the northern parts of the Thrace region of Turkey were analyzed to compare their feeding habits. As a result of the analysis, it was determined that while plant fragments were dominant in C. defectus species in the gut content (44.3%), algae were dominant for C. mancus (44.7%), P. scalaenum (63.5%), T. kraatzi (65%). According to the results of the Shannon-Wiener (H') index species, diversity of the P. scalaenum was found to be the highest among the larvae (H'= 1.345). Also, according to the Bray-Curtis similarity index, the most similar types of gut contents were P. scalaenum and C. defectus (38%). This low rate indicated that the species have different food preferences.
erediens en die lewe
Authors: Barnard Jaco , Wepener Cas
Published: January 2021

Worship service and life: a practical-theological exploration“Does the Sunday worship service have an impact on believers’, Christian identity and way of life?” is the main question explored in this article. Using the Grounded Theory method of empirical research, this research studied the experiences of worshippers (from three different denominations, in the East of Pretoria), with regards to the worship service and liturgical rituals. The focus was on the impact (or lack thereof) of the Sunday worship service, on the daily lives of believers. The findings of the empirical study were brought into conversation with existing literature, with the aim of realising the potential life shaping impact of the worship service. The research concluded that worshippers experienced that the worship service does indeed have an impact on the daily lives of believers, but only if the message thereof is communicated in a way that is relevant to the everyday lives of believers.
Christian faith and unorthodox belief
Authors: Giddy Patrick
Published: January 2021

In his autobiographical account of his theology Augustine Shutte (2016) clarifies how his understanding of the Christian faith has, finally, put him in conflict with orthodoxy. More recently he explains that “in the absolute distinction between creator and creature it is appropriate to see God alone (Father, Word and Spirit) on one side and Jesus and me and you on the other.” This affords us a useful starting point for a discussion of a Christian faith marked by unorthodoxy. As foil for the discussion I take Bart Ehrman’s thesis that the early development of the understanding of Jesus as “uniquely divine” is unjustified, and this undermines Christian faith. I argue in response that the cognitional dimension is only one aspect of religious faith; secondly I unpack the structural side of orthodoxy; and thirdly I introduce Shutte’s concept of salvation in terms of a fundamental human need. The uniqueness of God’s presence in Jesus implies a sectarianism unhelpful in a plural culture.
Towards the aesthetics of self-termination (suicide).
Authors: Louw Daniël
Published: January 2021

To end one’s life (suicide) creates a lot of questions concerning the identity and eventual emotional and spiritual condition of the person. Within a more religious context, the intriguing question surfaces: When a committed believer commits suicide, will such a person still go to heaven? The ethical dilemma evolves around questions regarding right (good/liberation) and wrong (evil/damnation), heaven or hell. Instead of a moral approach, the article opts for an aesthetic approach within the framework of a tragic hermeneutics of self-termination. Instead of applying the notions of “suicide” or “self-killing,” the concept of self-termination is proposed. A theology of dereliction is designed to explain the basic assumption: In a Christian spiritual assessment of “suicide,” the question is not about the how of death and dying but on the being quality of the sufferer. In his forsakenness, the suffocating Christ reframed the ugliness of death into the beauty of dying and termination: Resurrection hope! Several portraits are described from the viewpoint of literature, philosophical and poetic reflections regarding the complexity of the phenomenon of self-termination and its connection to the existential disposition of dreadful anguish; i.e., the ontic and tragic disposition of apathetic unhope (inespoir).
A short history of empirical homiletics in South Africa
Authors: Pieterse Hendrik
Published: January 2021

In this article I am telling the story of the history of empirical homiletics, in particular the use of the Grounded Theory methodology of doing content analysis of sermons and other documents, such as interviews, to ascertain in a scientific way the contents of documents. This is an exercise in reflexive-biographical exploration of empirical homiletical methodology. I first discussed the analysis of sermons using quantitative methods in my book Communicative preaching and the thesis of Julian Müller. There was a growing urge amongst homileticians to study the contents of sermons. The Heidelberg analytical method is a form of qualitative sermon analysis. Qualitative methodology suits theologians better than quantitative methods. I have discussed this method and referred to the work of Johan Cilliers in this regard. The next development of sermon content analysis is the Grounded Theory methodology. We made use of the first stage of the development of qualitative Grounded Theory methodology in the analysis of Desmond Tutu’s sermons and statements. After the international publication of this book, Prof. F. Gerrit Immink started using the upgraded form of Grounded Theory by Kathy Charmaz for the empirical homiletical research of his doctoral students at Utrecht University in the Netherlands. I also discussed my book Preaching in a context of poverty as the theoretical part of my later research with Grounded Theory analysis of sermons on poverty. Then I discussed my six yearlong content analysis of sermons preached with Matthew 25:31–46 as sermon text by means of Grounded Theory methodology. Important is the chapter by Müller & Wepener in an international publication, and the article on angry preaching by Wepener and Pieterse which was published in an international journal. Lastly, I have mentioned the post-graduate research with the Grounded Theory method by students. The value that is being added in this article by doing this historical survey is to show the development and to signal what might be waiting in the near future for our discipline.
lion-king in Nahum 2:11–13 [Hebrew 2:12–14]
Authors: Snyman Fanie
Published: January 2021

This contribution investigates the lion metaphor in Nahum 2:11–14 [Hebrew 2:12–14]. Informed by the general theoretical considerations on the working of metaphors, two questions are asked in this contribution: The first question put to the text is to ask whether the portrayal of lion behaviour in the text is correct. The investigation revealed that the description of lion behaviour in the text of Nahum 2:11–13 [Hebrew 2:12–14] differs from what is known about lions. The answer to the first question prompted a second question. The second question is to ask whether the king is portrayed as a lion or is it perhaps the other way around: is the lion seen as a king? Finally, the implications this interpretation will have in understanding this passage will be discussed.
Bonhoeffer on amusing ourselves to death
Authors: Coates Adrian
Published: January 2021

In 1985, Neil Postman famously and presciently bemoaned a world “amusing itself to death.” Ironically and significantly, it is amidst the atrocities of Nazism and the struggle against Hitler that from his prison cell Bonhoeffer reflects on a faithful Christian response to sensory immediacy, calling for the church to found Kierkegaard’s notion of aesthetic existence anew. This, he suggests, should neither entail an embrace of aesthetic existence as absolute, nor the rejection of aesthetic existence in favour of ethico-religious existence. Rather, it should be the polyphonous celebration of Christological this-worldly reality, an affirmation of the penultimate in light of the ultimate. While Bonhoeffer’s musical metaphors help to articulate Bonhoeffer’s argument, they are more than illustrative mechanisms. If on the one hand, the metaphors capture the centrality of aesthetic existence in being Christian, on the other, the metaphors themselves implicitly point toward the question of the formative nature of aesthetic existence and whether Bonhoeffer’s own musical experience shaped his theology.
The professionalization of pastoral caregiving
Authors: Louw Daniël , Dames G.A.
Published: January 2021

Pastoral caregiving within a clinical setting and the parameters of interdisciplinarity and a team approach to healing and helping, cannot escape the public demand for a professional approach to caregiving i.e. safeguarding the well-being of people and patients. In this regard, differentiation in terms of theory, paradigmatic conceptualization, and directives for a base anthropology, are paramount. To detect the identity of the pastoral caregiver within the parameters of the pastoral ministry and the Christian tradition of cura animarum, the research focuses on the theological paradigm for comfort and compassion. It is argued that the professional stance of caregivers is shaped by biblical hermeneutics. The theological characteristics of pastoral interventions and engagements are determined by the appropriate God-image of compassionate being-with as pastoral exemplifications of a theologia crucis, directed by a theologia resurrectionis.
Dort, Doleantie and Church Order
Authors: Faber Ryan
Published: January 2021

This article attends to the relationship between minor and major assemblies as prescribed by the foundational principles of Reformed church polity proposed by Mary-Anne Plaatjies-Van Huffel. It reviews the limited autonomy of local congregations and the authority of broader assemblies in the Church Order of Dordrecht (1618/19), the touchstone of Dutch Reformed church polity. It considers the challenge to historic Reformed church polity posed by the ecclesiology of the Doleantie, a secession from the Nederlandse Hervormde Kerk (NHK) in 1886 under the leadership of Abraham Kuyper. Finally, it evaluates a contemporary church order (of the United Reformed Churches in North America), that explicitly codifies Doleantie ecclesiology. The church order fails to embody the principles of Reformed church polity set forth by Plaatjies-Van Huffel. This article concludes that it cannot be considered a Reformed church order.
Palestinian struggle, South Africans and Jewish Israelis
Authors: Momberg Marthie
Published: January 2021

What role does religion play (or not play) in transnational activism in the context of prolonged violence? The narrow strip of land known as Palestine and Israel has special significance to three of the world’s largest faith traditions – Islam, Christianity, and Judaism. The motivations of 21 South African and Jewish Israeli activists in support of the Palestinian struggle offer an inductive, contextual perspective on the interplay between differences in religiosity and shared aims and values in this context. These respondents to a case study in empirical ethics hold tensions of difference and yet navigate between religious and other existential orientations in their praxis of solidarity with the marginalised. The article discusses how and why the activists, despite their different convictions, share similar views of the positive and negative roles played by religion in the Palestinian struggle.
Beyers Naudé (1966–1977)
Authors: Van Wyngaard Cobus
Published: January 2021

This article examines public lectures of Beyers Naudé from 1966 until his banning in 1977, tracing on the one hand his critique on apartheid shortly before his engagement with black consciousness, and then his reception of black consciousness. Working from a 1967 lecture mostly ignored in literature to the present, Freedom in South Africa, onwards, the article illustrates how Naudé equates a particular normative understanding of Western emancipatory thought with the work of God in order to reject apartheid, and how Naudé employed an anti-communist rhetoric into his critique of apartheid. The second part of the article then turns to his reception of black consciousness, illustrating some of the limitations in his early interpretation of black consciousness, and concluding with his shifting perspective on where the voice of liberation and freedom will emerge from in South Africa.
The tension between “risk” and “guilt” in the theologian Dietrich Bonhoeffer’s exploration of responsible life
Authors: Radler Karola
Published: January 2021

This article discusses the two definitions for a responsible life and action that the theologian Dietrich Bonhoeffer provides in his book Ethics, which suggest that accepting Schuld – taking on guilt, debt, or an obligation – seems to override the risk involved in responsibility. A comparison of Stellvertretung, Schuldübernahme, and Zurechnung of the German codified civil law and their dogmatic intricacies shows that Bonhoeffer adopted jurisprudential thought into his theology of acting responsibly through taking on Schuld in accordance with Jesus Christ, the incarnated God who once existed in human reality and acted on the cross as Stellvertreter for humanity. Embracing elements of the sub-constitutional German civil law tradition of the bourgeois liberal-democratic movement of the 19th century served Bonhoeffer to emphasize, as part of his resistance to a dehumanizing totalitarian political system, an independent private space of freedom that is removed from the public sphere.
Christ as performance
Authors: Havenga Marnus
Published: January 2021

This essay will explore Hans Urs von Balthasar’s Christology as performance from below. It will begin by introducing Balthasar’s theodramatic project as presented in his five-volume work Theo-drama. Here, it will be shown how Balthasar engages with and uses the conceptual resources of drama and the theatre to develop a theological dramatic theory with the performance of Christ at its very centre. This will be followed by an investigation into Balthasar’s dramatic Christology and what he saw as the re-performance of the Christ-drama on the world stage. The essay will then conclude with a few brief remarks on the continued relevance of Balthasar’s dramatic Christology, especially for those interested in doing – and performing – theology from below.
Reconciliation, Forgiveness and Violence in Africa: Biblical, Pastoral and Ethical Perspectives.
Authors: Solomons Demaine
Published: January 2021

There is no shortage of scholarly contributions grappling with the key concepts of “reconciliation” and “forgiveness” as it pertains to the African and more poignantly the South African context. These notions have a longstanding, yet, contested history and evokes an array of responses ranging from cheering enthusiasm to utter despondency. This contestation has to be understood in relation to the various forms of historical violence inflicted on the peoples of Africa as well as ongoing debates concerning the need to come to terms with the systemic nature of such violence. For the most part, reconciliation and forgiveness and its seemingly contradictory relationship with violence elicit further debates. The question thus remains: at the intersection of ethics and theology, how does one engage such complexity in a way that is distinct from what we have seen and heard before?
Seven Brief Lessons on Magic 2019
Authors: Delport Khegan
Published: January 2021

Despite initial appearances, Tyson’s essay is not about “practical magick,” that is, the kind you might come across upon at a book-handler of esoterica, or perhaps at your local Thelemite support-group. It touches on the persistence of belief in occult phenomena well into our so-called “disenchanted” age, and does give hints as to why “magic” has not died down as of yet. But more basically, this is an intervention of philosophical theology, one aimed firstly at the academic culture of materialist reductionism. The upshot of this reductionism, for Tyson, is that “magical meanings and higher purposes are no longer part of practical reality or academic knowledge,” with the result being that we “have cut qualitative and spiritual wisdom off from knowledge and power” (p. ix). In response to this, Tyson offers a brief, albeit suggestive, proposal for an essentially Platonist metaphysics of “non-scientific truths” (p. vii).
Корпус русского рассказа начала XX века. Пример лингвостатистического анализа.
Authors: Гребенников Александр Олегович , Марусенко Наталия Михайловна
Published: January 2021

Исследование строится на базе представительного «Корпуса русских рассказов 1900 – 1930-х гг.». Для выборки из первого периода включенных в Корпус текстов (100 рассказов с 1900 по 1913 гг. отобранных по принципу не более одного рассказа от каждого из включённых в Корпус авторов) был построен частотный словарь. С целью выявления ключевых слов, соответствующих основной тематике рассказов, а также прослеживания влияния крупномасштабных политических изменений на язык художественной прозы первые 100 наиболее частотных знаменательных слов словаря были сопоставлены с данными полученных авторами ранее частотных словарей отдельных русских писателей – признанных мастеров рассказа и материалами частотного словаря русского языка в целом. Также было проведено сравнение с данными для русских рассказов аналогичного периода начала XXI века, полученными из НКРЯ. Для получения объективных результатов сравнения использовался показатель числа употреблений на миллион слов (ipm ). Полученные результаты показывают, что распределение частот знаменательных слов в верхней зоне словаря может служить хорошим индикатором общей тематики произведений не только отдельного писателя, но и отдельной эпохи, а также отражать актуальные внешние аспекты жизни общества.
Методы машинного обучения применительно к задаче выделения глагольных и атрибутивных коллокаций
Authors: Хохлова Мария Владимировна , Еникеева Екатерина Владимировна
Published: January 2021

В статье представлены результаты применения алгоритмов машинного обучения к задаче автоматического выявления глагольных и атрибутивных коллокаций . Изучение сочетаемости показало, что дистрибуционные модели могут быть успешно использованы для моделирования отношений внутри словосочетаний. Словосочетание признается значимым, если его векторное представление близко к векторному представлению заглавного слова. Нами были использованы следующие методы оценки коллокаций на основе машинного обучения и векторных представлений текстов: базовый метод, метод аналогии и линейного преобразования. Автоматически выделенные словосочетания сравнивались с данными, приведенными в лексикографических источниках (в толковых словарях и словарях сочетаемости, всего было рассмотрено пять источников), которые образовали так называемый золотой стандарт. Результаты показали, что рассматриваемые методы успешно используются для извлечения словосочетаний, в том числе находят те, которые не отражены в словарях. Данные примеры могут претендовать на лексикографическоое описание, хотя и не приведены в источниках и нуждаются в дополнительной экспертной проверке. Поэтому необходимо дополнительно провести сравнение использованных алгоритмов с другими статистическими метриками и увеличить количество словосочетаний, которые привлечены в качестве золотого стандарта.
Разрешение стрелочной омонимии в конструкциях с сирконстантами средствами онтологической семантики
Authors: Захарова Алина Андреевна
Published: January 2021

В статье описывается экспериментальное исследование метода разрешения синтаксической неоднозначности в конструкциях с сирконстантами с помощью онтологической семантики на основе универсального лингвистического процессора AIIRE (Artificial Intelligence Information Retrieval Engine). Выявлены четыре типа неоднозначных конструкций с сирконстантами, и составлены соответствующие поисковые запросы в Национальный корпус русского языка (НКРЯ). В результате получен список из 200 неоднозначных конструкций. Неоднозначность в конструкциях устраняется путем автоматического разбора и последующего ручного выбора его правильных вариантов. Однако на этом этапе возможны следующие проблемы: «разрывы» внутри конструкций, которые обозначают отсутствие нужных семантических связей внутри конструкции, а также большое количество вариантов синтаксического анализа, называемое комбинаторным взрывом. Эти проблемы решаются с помощью таких инструментов AIIRE, как Ontohelper и онтология. Онтология используется для обработки языковых данных и понимается как набор лексических значений или понятий и отношений между ними. Ontohelper – это вспомогательный инструмент с интерфейсом редактирования, где можно моделировать и задавать с помощью онтологическихотношенийвалентностиглаголов. В результате получаются корректные разборы для 66/200 конструкций, и обосновывается,чтоэффективностьданногометодазависитоткачестваиправильностимоделированияпонятийвонтологии.
Подготовка набора данных для вопросно-ответного поиска по базе знаний. Первый этап: сопоставление сущностей
Authors: Кораблинов Владислав Олегович
Published: January 2021

На текущий момент вопросно-ответный поиск по базам знаний является активно развивающейся областью. Новые подходы демонстрируют стабильное повышение качества, однако такое развитие было бы невозможно без разработки наборов данных, позволяющих обучать модели, измерять их качество и ставить все более сложные задачи. К сожалению, все существующие наборы данных содержат вопросы только на английском языке, что ограничивает исследования в этой области для других языков. Мы хотим заполнить этот пробел, разработав набор данных для оценки методов вопросно-ответного поиска по базам знаний на русском языке. В данной работе описывается способ создания такого набора данных с помощью краудсорсинга , одним из ключевых этапов которого является выделение в текстах вопросов и ответов упоминаний сущностей и их сопоставление с сущностями базы знаний. Разработанный нами алгоритм позволяет строить списки таких возможных упоминаний и находить правильную сущность в 95% случаев. При этом алгоритм автоматически связывает фрагменты текста с сущностями базы знаний Wikidata . Полученные списки в дальнейшем будут использованы для получения разметки вопросов и ответов, необходимой для создания нового набора данных.
Screen time of preschool children in relation to their parents screen usage habits and family functions
Authors: ÇELİK Emine , ÖZER Yelda , ÖZCAN Sevgi
Published: January 2021

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the screen time of preschool children in relation to their parents’ screen-use habits and family functions.
Materials and Methods: We included 198 parents whose children were attending a kindergarten in Sarıçam district of Adana. Data were collected using a questionnaire and the Family Assessment Scale. Screen times were calculated by adding up the time spent in front of tablets, TV, mobile phones, and computers.
Results: The screen times were >2 h in 57.6% children on weekdays and in 76.3% on weekends, and screen times increased as age increased. Further, 88.9% parents indicated that they had family rules about screen use, 62.6% stated that their children were in front of the screen while eating, and 44.4% said their children had a screen of their own, whereas 90.9% told that they had not received any recommendations regarding screen use from family physicians or pediatricians. Low education level of parents, lack of family rules on screen use, children having their own screens, and having received no recommendations from doctors regarding screen use were noted to increase the screen times of children. There was a relationship between the screen times of children and that of parents as well as between screen times of children on weekdays and the communication subscale of family functions.
Conclusion: From the results of the study, individual and institutional initiatives are recommended for family physicians and pediatricians who have many contacts with this age group to turn it into an opportunity and have a more active role in advising parents regarding screen use
The relationship between dysmenorrhea and sleep quality
Authors: CEYLAN POLAT Demet , MUCUK Salime
Published: January 2021

Purpose: This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of dysmenorrhea and the relationship between dysmenorrhea and sleep quality.

Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. A total of 250 volunteer female university students, who met the inclusion criteria, participated in this study. To collect data a questionnaire form, the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) were used.

Results: The prevalence of dysmenorrhea in students was 82.4%. Eighty-two percent of the students with dysmenorrhea had poor sleep quality. It was determined that 96.8% of the students with sleep division in the menstrual period and 96.3% of those with difficulty falling asleep had dysmenorrhea. In participants with dysmenorrhea, there were different level of correlation between poor sleep quality and the number of sleep divisions, severity of dysmenorrhea), and less duration of sleep.

Conclusion: Dysmenorrhea has a negative effect on sleep quality. In accordance with these results, it is advisable to identify students with dysmenorrhea and to give training on methods of coping with it to improve their sleep quality.
Cognition and obstructive sleep apnoea in Parkinson’s disease, effect of positive airway pressure therapy (COPE-PAP trial): protocol of a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Lajoie Annie C. , Lafontaine Annie-Louise , Leonard Gabriel , Kimoff R. John , Benedetti Andrea , R. Robinson Ann , Crane Joelle , Létourneau Marie , Kaminska Marta
Published: January 2021

Background: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most frequent neurodegenerative disease and is associated with cognitive dysfunction. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has been linked with cognitive dysfunction in the general population and in PD. Treatment with positive airway pressure (PAP), can improve cognition in the general population and in patients with other neurodegenerative diseases. However, the effect of PAP therapy on cognitive function has not been well studied in PD.

Methods: This randomized controlled trial will assess the effect of 6 months of PAP therapy versus placebo on global cognitive function in PD patients with OSA and reduced baseline cognition. Secondary outcomes will include quality of life and other non-motor symptoms of PD. Exploratory outcomes will be specific domains of neurocognitive function and symptoms of REM sleep behaviour disorder.

Conclusions: PD-related cognitive dysfunction often evolves towards dementia and has substantial personal, social and healthcare costs. Few interventions have been shown to improve cognition in PD to date. If positive, results from our study could prove OSA to be a new therapeutic target relevant to cognition and would support more systematic screening for OSA in PD patients with cognitive decline.

Trial Registration: Trial registration number is NCT02209363.
Archival and management of clinical trial documents
Authors: Alam Mehnaaz , Sai Nikitha D. Yamini , Jala Sai Sugun , Ahmed Gulam Khaleel
Published: January 2021

Clinical trial documents are all records, in any type which incorporates written, electronic, magnetic, optical records, scans, x-rays and electrocardiograms that describe or record the strategy, conduct and results of an effort, the factors poignant an effort and the actions taken. Such a record is thought as document and method is documentation. The documents collected before, throughout and once clinical trials give proof that the study was conducted, the information collected is correct and valid which the investigator and sponsor conducted the trial in line with ICH GCP tips is thought as Trial master file. because of exaggerated quality of studies, particularly medical specialty studies, and therefore the issue managing paper TMF’s for various departments, most organizations have moved to eTMF. Archiving may be a key demand to guage post trial observance and analysis and to facilitate any analysis before initiation of an effort and deposit strategy should be developed. It includes the subsequent parts documents to be archived, amount of archiving, location, retrieval or access of archived documents, disaster recovery, procedure of clinical knowledge archiving, archiving by an ethics committee, archiving by the investigator. Archiving of trial documents helps to store knowledge safely and firmly for future use with facilities like secure systems and e-back up.
Media parenting in rural part of India and its impact on children-a cross-sectional study, a media-parent study
Authors: Sahoo Bishnupriya , Malik Rupali , Richa . , Yadav Daksh , Kapur Satya Kiran , Abrol Pankaj
Published: January 2021

Background: Media and gadgets are increasingly used in urban areas and rural pockets, among adults and children as well. Excessive use of media has its own negative consequences. Aim of the present study is to address, role of media in parenting practices, children’s daily activities and school performance. The objectives are to assess the pattern and reason for media use by children and the parental attitude and ability to regulate media handling by their children iii) the impact of media usage on school performance.Methods: It was a qualitative cross-sectional study included 200 children <18 years, visiting the hospital for outpatient services. A pre-designed questionnaire was used for data collection.Results: The analysis of the parent and the child media usage was done in relation to socioeconomic and demographic parameters. The mean age for child media exposure was found to be 6.4±3.8 years. The media use on school-days was 1.9 against 2.7 hours on the holidays. The media contents were mostly cartoon and mobile games with television and mobile being the commonest mode. Poor school performance was associated with media use of 2 hours in school days [HR=1.38 (95% CI=1.01-1.89), p=0.04]. Many parents knew about few bad consequences of media but not able to regulate due to lack of awareness.Conclusions: Proper media parenting is now an unmet need everywhere. Non-educational media content for entertainment purpose during school-days should be discouraged. Interventions like parental media education with involvement of paediatrician, school teacher and psychologist is needed.
Type-1 Glanzmann’s thrombasthenia: a rare cause of epistaxis in a child
Authors: Patel Saumil M. , Thaddanee Rekha , Khilnani Ajeet Kumar , Khilnani Gurudas
Published: January 2021

Glanzmann’s thrombasthenia (GT) is a rare genetic platelet surface disorder of glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor presenting with muco-cutaneous bleeding of varying severity. We are reporting an unusual case of a child presenting with recurrent epistaxis with prolonged bleeding time, moderate thrombocytopenia and giant platelet size. GT was suspected because the platelet aggregation was abnormal with adenosine diphosphate, epinephrine, collagen, and thrombin; but normal with ristocetin. Diagnosis was confirmed by flow cytometry which showed deficiency of platelet membrane receptors CD 41 (Gp IIb) and CD 61 (GpIIIa) with normal expression of CD 42b (GpIb). Platelets transfusions and antifibrinolytics were given to manage bleeding. Due to repeat platelets transfusions patients with GT can develop anti-platelet antibodies for which rFVIIa (recombinant activated factor VII) is effective. Definitive treatment includes stem cell transplant or gene therapy.
Spinal muscular atrophy with progressive myoclonic epilepsy - rare case report from India
Authors: Nagpal Tuhina , Agrawal Kamlesh , Gupta Ashok , Mathur Priyanshu
Published: January 2021

Spinal muscular atrophy with progressive myoclonic epilepsy is a rare genetic disorder characterized by progressive muscular weakness and myoclonic seizures. Herein we report an Indian boy with myoclonic seizures followed by progressive weakness of both lower limbs and detected with heterozygous mutation in N-acylsphingosine amidohydrolase 1 (ASAH1) gene causing spinal muscular atrophy with progressive myoclonic epilepsy.
Successful management of a recurrent hepatosplenic metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma in an adolescent boy: case report and review of literature
Authors: Ramesh Varsha , Sneha Latha M. , Muralitharan Sushruthan , Jayaraman Dhaarani
Published: January 2021

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a rare tumor in pediatric age group and adolescents are the commonly affected age group. It generally presents as locoregionally advanced disease and 15-30% of them develop a recurrence or distant metastatic disease. The outcome of patients with recurrent metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma has been reported to be very poor, with a median overall survival of about 20 months. We present a case of adolescent boy who presented initially with locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma, treated with local radiotherapy and cisplatin, 5 flurouracil and later presented with a recurrent metastatic disease in liver and spleen, within 2 months of completing treatment. He was managed with total splenectomy and paclitaxel and gemcitabine and he remains disease free for more than 18 months now. The case highlights that long term remission could be attained with conventional chemotherapy, combined with surgery in relapsed metastatic NPC even in a resource limited settings.