bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Vibration-Assisted Machining Study Based on 2R-2P Parallel Mechanism
Authors: Zou Ping , Chen Xi , Zhang Tao , Li Wen Bo
Published: August 2014

During the traditional cutting processing, cutting tool and the workpiece contact each other continuously along with the chip removal, this paper puts forward a kind of vibration cutting structure based on the parallel mechanism known as 2R-2P, in which certain elliptical trajectory could be taken, according to the principle of applying separate characteristic between vibrating cutting tool and workpiece to lower cutting force, cutting temperature, so as to improve the machining accuracy. Firstly, illustration in the mechanism of formating the surface morphology in elliptical vibration cutting and the micro trajectory of tip is carried out, secondly, completing the structure design and kinematics analysis, the tip vibration curve has been attained. Finally, through the statics and dynamics analysis, distribution rule of stress and strain is concluded when the structure is subjected to external force changing periodically, as the vibration mode and the harmonious response, verifying the feasibility of the structure and the ability of tip vibrating in ellipse trajectory.
Numerical Simulation and Optimization of Low Pressure Die Casting of Aluminum Alloy Cylinder Block
Authors: Du Ai Min , Wei Na , Zhu Zhong Pan , Zhou Kan
Published: August 2014

Cylinder block with different design structures will affect casting process and final product quality in various degrees. In this paper, mold filling and solidifying process of a cylinder block was simulated with Procast software and the results show that there are several casting defects caused by the self-structure. In order to improve such a situation, we adjusted the bottom structure and thick parts on the basis of original cylinder. After analyzing the results of simulation, the optimized cylinder has better mold filling process, less impacts on the sand core and less shrinkage porosity during the solidifying process.
Effect of the Content of Ca on the Microstructure of Magnesium Alloys
Authors: Zuo Yu Bo , Fan Xi Ting , Wang Wen Xu , Mou Dan , Cui Jian Zhong
Published: August 2014

Magnesium-calcium binary alloys were prepared with pure Mg and pure Ca to study the influence of Ca on the microstructure of Mg-Ca binary alloys. The results showed that with the increase of the content of Ca, there is a sharp decrease of the grain size of Mg alloy with Ca content in the range of 0 to 0.5%, then there is slight decrease of grain size with increasing the content of Ca from 0.5 to 2%; the grain size becomes increasing with further increasing the content of Ca.
A Method to Avoid Strip Breakage for Thin Strip Steel in Cold Rolling
Authors: Liu Bo , Tang Cheng Long , Gu Ting Quan
Published: August 2014

An automatic control method to prevent thin strip steel from breaking in cold rolling is presented in this paper. The strip width detector is equipped at the entry and exit sections of the cold rolling mill respectively, thus the width reduction of the strip steel before and after the mill can be real-time detected . The signal of the width reduction rate exceeding a certain value means that the strip edge is too tight. Then, via the strip shape adjusting mechanism, the edge of the strip steel becomes loose and the strip breakage can be avoided. By applying this method, the incidence of strip breakage can be reduced and the productivity capacity can be increased, and more, the width control accuracy of the rolled steel strip can be improved. The validity of the proposed method is verified by the example simulation.
An Investigation on Sand Production of Vertical Shaft Impact Crusher Using EDEM
Authors: Luo Man , Yang Jian Hong , Fang Huai Ying
Published: August 2014

Discrete element modeling (DEM) is the most suitable modeling technique to simulate the mass flow of particles in chamber recently, which is an important part of VSI to break rock. DEM is presented in this message to predict sand production within a US7 vertical shaft impact crusher. Sand production is one of important parameters to judge the productiveness of VSI. Despite complicated particle movements in vertical shaft impact crusher, it is a necessary work to study the sand production of VSI. Vertical shaft impact crusher is simulated under different conditions in EDEM software.In order to investigate effects of different parameters on sand production, four parameters which include rotor rotation, inputs, radius of particle and interval between the rock bed and throwing material hammer were separately set into simulation tests.
Based on the Titanium Alloy Milling Forces Modeling and Simulation Study
Authors: Zhang Yi Rong , Qi Hou Jun
Published: August 2014

A common mechanical model of ball-end milling cutter is analyzed in this paper, and take advantage of the orthogonal experiment method to make experiment of milling to identify the milling force coefficients with the titanium alloy material as the test object.Then put the coefficients in the mechanical model of ball to use MATLAB software to predict the milling force. The results of experiment and results of simulation are basically identical, it shows that the mechanics model of ball milling is proved to be correct.
Research the Application of Elliptic Filter Plate to Horizontal Filtering Tank
Authors: Cao Xuejiao , Miao De Hua
Published: August 2014

The research is focused on relationship between structural parameters and stress distribution of the horizontal filtering tank`s filtering plate used in chemical equipment production, innovative made use of elliptic filtering plate to improve the strength and structural instability of the horizontal filtering tank .Though the collaborative optimization design features of Pro / E software and Ansys Workbench software to analyze horizontal filtering tank. The Spearman, Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient was informed that the main factor is elliptic filtering plate. Studies have shown that, with the length of elliptic filtering plate`s minor axis increases, the maximum stress on the horizontal filtering tank, the total displacement of deformation and the effective stress are decreased, but with increasing the length of the elliptic filtering plate`s minor axis, the effective filtration area that plate can use becomes smaller. According to the optimization results, premised on the design requirements, the length of elliptic filtering plate`s minor axis should take 1257mm, now the structure of horizontal filtering tank is better.
Stress Distribution on a Two Phase Problem in Micro-Extrusion
Authors: Chan Yue , Deng Min
Published: August 2014

In this paper, we investigate the stress distribution on a two phase problem in micro-extrusion. Molten polymer is compressed from a vessel and the extruded fluid is being solidified through the heat exchange with the solid polymer and the ambient environment resulting in a two phase/moving boundary problem. The temperature profile of such problem has analytically been determined and the present author, Chan further investigates the fluid flow of the molten polymer embedded inside the condensed outer-shell. In this paper, we investigate the stress distribution induced by the fluid flow, which is driven by the incoming fluid and the moving boundary. We find that when x’>>H (see Fig. 1), shear stress dominates whereas the principal stress dominates when x’<<H. When x’ approximates H, both the shear and principal stresses coexist.
Study on Surface Quality and Machining Efficiency of Diamond Wire Saw Slicing SiCp-Al Composites
Authors: Zhang Chun Yan , Yang Wu , Sun Yuan
Published: August 2014

In order to study the basic rule of diamond wire saw slicing SiCp-Al composites, the theoretical analysis and experiments were carried out. The influences of diamond wire saw slicing speed and workpiece feed speed on surface quality and machining efficiency were discussed. The analysis results show that the machined surface gets smoother when diamond wire saw slicing speed changes from 2m/s to 3.5m/s, but gets rougher when diamond wire saw slicing speed changes from 3.5m/s to 4m/s. And the surface gets rougher when workpiece feed speed changes from 0.5m/s to 1m/s.The machining efficiency gets higher when diamond wire saw slicing speed and workpiece feed speed increase. These results provide guidance for selecting reasonable parameters in future research.
Study on the Residual Stress and Fatigue Performance of Cold Expansion Hole on 7050-T7451
Authors: Zhao Qing Yun , Liu Feng Lei , Huang Hong
Published: August 2014

Cold expansion was employed on 7050-T7451 aluminum. Residual stresses were measured, fatigue tests were carried out for joints with different expansion, and the fracture surfaces of specimens were observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results show that residual compressive stresses generate by cold expansion process. The maximum values of radial residual compressive stresses locate the middle of the inner wall of the hole and residual compressive stresses extend radially up to one diameter from the edge of the hole. Axial residual compressive stresses distribute near the exit. The fatigue lives N50 and N95,95 for specimen with strengthened hole with 5% expansion are respectively 3.54 and 3.68 times compared with non-strengthened hole. Fatigue fracture morphology shows the characteristics of mixed transgranular fracture and the propagation speed of the crack along horizontal direction is larger than vertical direction.
The Transverse Permeability’s Simulation of Fiber Tow by FLOTRAN
Authors: Yan Shi Lin , Lee Yong Jing , Lee De Quan , Yan Fei , Wang Jun Xia
Published: August 2014

This paper uses FLOTRAN to estimate the resin flow permeability of fiber tow in RTM. Nine models of different fractions varies from 0.4~0.75 have been built, and the random process of the fiber’s distribution is realized by APDL code. The results show that the dispersion of fiber determines the fluid flow channels, which effect the pressure and velocity’s distribution; the FLOTRAN can be used to estimate the transverse permeability of the fiber bundles.
The Research Progress of Aluminum Alloy Corrosion in Marine Atmosphere
Authors: Song Qi , Zhang Wen Jin , Zhang Ai Ai , Zhang Wei Fang
Published: August 2014

It is very important to study on the corrosion of aluminum in marine atmospheric environment, because aluminum alloy structure of weapon equipment usually serves in marine atmospheric environment. On the basis of marine atmospheric environment corrosion features, the paper summarizes the influence of marine atmospheric environment influencing factors (e.g., Relative Humidity, Concentration of cl-, Alternate Drying-Wetting, Rainfall) on corrosion rule and corrosion rate of aluminum alloy, and analyses the mechanism of pitting, inter-granular corrosion and denudation. Then the natural environment exposure test and accelerated test were compared. Finally, the key research direction in the field of aluminum alloy corrosion in marine atmosphere was pointed out.
Numerical Simulation Research on Hydroforming Process of Automobile Front Transom
Authors: Yang Jie , Zhou Lin
Published: August 2014

Hydroforming has many advantages over other processes, especially when runs are small and shapes are complex. The hydroforming process of automobile front transom was simulated by FEM, which is based on elastic-plastic finite element method and BT shell element theory. The effect of forming process parameters such as internal pressure loading path and initial tube size were simulated and discussed. The simulation results indicated that suitable initial tube size and loading path can observably improve the distribution of the thickness and forming limit of the tube. And for the front transom, tube size Ø55mm and bilinear loading path are the best process parameters.
Complex Potentials for Plane Problem of Two-Dimensional Quasicrystals with a Lip-Shape Crack
Authors: He Qiong , Xiong Hai Yun
Published: August 2014

By introducing a conformal mapping and applying the complex variable function method, two potential functions are determined for plane problem of two-dimensional quasicrystals with a lip-shape crack. When the height of the lip-shape crack approaches to zero, the results can be reduced to the solutions of the Griffith crack.
Analysis on Flexural Property of CFRP Reinforced Concrete Beam
Authors: Qi Yue , Zhao Yue , Gong Peng Ju , Xin Da Bo , Wang Bo
Published: August 2014

It is repair and reinforcement for damaged buildings that has become the main method to save investment and to avoid waste of resources. CFRP reinforcement is one of the reinforcement methods widely applied in recent years, which has advantages such as high strength, light self weight, small thickness, and good durability, etc. In this paper a reasonable constitutive model is selected and a simulation model of CFRP reinforced concrete beam is established by using ANSYS finite element software. The influences of different CFRP layers and concrete strength to the flexural property of reinforced concrete beams is analyzed in this paper. Moreover, a comparison is made with unreinforced concrete beams. The results show that the ultimate load of the beam reinforced by CFRP has greatly improved and mid-span deflection has been limited. With increase of CFRP layers, flexural property of the reinforced beam is enhanced. Under the circumstance of same number of CFRP layer, the higher the concrete strength is the better the reinforcement effect will be.
Research on Compressive Deformation Characters of Mortar-Free Grouted Concrete Masonry
Authors: He Xi Xi , Lin Ye
Published: August 2014

Compressive experiments on mortar-free grouted concrete masonry composed with hollow blocks were studies in this essay. Characteristics of compressive stress-strain curve were analyzed by utilizing test data of 15 specimens with 100% filling rate of grouted concrete. Further more, elastic modulus formula was proposed according to results of previous and present work.
Analysis of Deep Foundation Pit of Subway Station
Authors: Cheng Yu Long
Published: August 2014

According to the engineering characteristics,the project was divided into four typical operating conditions,the deformation rules of deep foundation pit at subway station in tunneling are studied with the method of FLAC3D numerical simulation,the supporting structures choose by the bored piles and interior support. The analysis of the horizontal deformation of the retaining structures,the axial force changes of steel support,the settlement law and the influence sphere of surrounding soil. For installation of prop structures on the performance of deep excavations is investigated through numerical analysis with site specific subsurface conditions,The conclusion in this paper can provides reference for the reasonable design and safety construction of deep foundation pit.
Study on the Influence of the Cement Stabilized Macadam’s Gradation to the Modulus and Strength
Authors: Hu Gui Hua , Chen Xiao Wei , Wang Xuan Cang
Published: August 2014

Strength properties and modulus characteristics were studied through laboratory experiment with different gradation types, different cement content of cement stabilized macadam. Test results show that, in the same conditions of aggregate types, the two important factors that influence cement stabilized macadam road performances are mixture types and cement content. With the improvement of the amount of cement, the mixture strength and modulus of resilience are growing; when we use a certain amount of cement, different types of cement gravel structure show different properties. And frame cement stabilized aggregate exhibit excellent road performance.
Effect of Retained Austenite Stability on Mechanical Properties of Bainitic Rail Steel
Authors: Wang Kai Kai , Tan Zhun Li , Gao Gu Hui , Gui Xiao Lu , Bai Bing Zhe
Published: August 2014

Retained austenite has an important effect on strength and toughness of 20Mn2SiCrMo bainitic rail steel. In this work, the stability of retained austenite and mechanical properties have been studied. The results show that impact toughness of experimental steel has close relationship with the stability of retained austenite. When tempered at lower than 350°C, retained austenite owns good thermal stability, corresponding to relatively high impact toughness.
Experimental Researches on Nonlinear Strain Paths Forming for Dual Phase Steel
Authors: Pan Li Bo , Zhu Hong Chuan , Lei Ze Hong , Zhang Zhi Jian
Published: August 2014

Strain paths during sheet metal forming are always complex and nonlinear. Forming limit diagram (FLD) is a common method to determine failure in the past decades. However, it is only suitable for linear strain path condition. Regarding dual phase steel DP780, a special experiment was designed and carried out on Zwick Cupping equipment to get nonlinear strain paths. And the strain status was analyzed in FLD. It was found that FLD cannot predict failure precisely in this case. A new approach proposed by Stoughton and Yoon which based on polar effective plastic strain was introduced to analyze this nonlinear strain paths condition, the result is in good agreement with experiment, which indicated that Polar Effective Plastic Strain Diagram was an effective and precise tool to determine failure especially for complex nonlinear strain paths forming.
Effect of Types of Antioxidants on Thermal and Thermo-Oxidative Degradation of Epoxidized Natural Rubber
Authors: Yang Chang Jin , Luo Yong Yue , Chen Bang Qian , Xu Kui , Zhong Jie Ping , Peng Zheng , Wang Feng Xiang
Published: August 2014

Thermal and thermo-oxidative degradation of epoxidized natural rubber containing 25 mol % expoxidation (ENR25) with different four antioxidants were investigated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The four antioxidants, viz., poly-2,2,4-trimethyl-1,2-dihydroqui- noline (RD), N-(1,3-dimethylbutyl)-N'-phenyl-p-phenylenedianine (4020), N-isopropyl-N'-phenyl- p-phenylenedi-amine (4010NA), and 2-mercaptobenzimidazole (MB) were used. The results indicate that the ENR25 vulcanizates with antioxidant 4020 or 4010NA is the optimal antioxidant for ENR25.
Study on Low Temperature Stripping Material Based on the Modified Acrylate Polymer
Authors: Zhang Kun , Li Shuang , Dai Ke Wei
Published: August 2014

With the method of solution polymerization, we prepared a high conversion rate and larger molecular weight acrylate copolymer. Using synthetic copolymer, low temperature stripping material was compounded with the proportional certain kinds of crosslinking agent, plasticizer, thickener and release agent, according to the certain reaction temperature and the loading sequence. The material mechanical properties, stripping, decontamination rate was tested and characterization. We got the strip materials meeting the low temperature environment. Finally, the influence factors of copolymerization reaction: the choice of solvent, dosage of initiator, monomer and the dosage was discussed. To achieve higher conversion rate and larger molecular weight acrylate copolymer, the method of solution polymerization was adopted in this study. Low temperature stripping material was compounded with synthetic copolymer, together with crosslinking agent, plasticizer, thickener and release agent in certain proportion, according to reaction temperature and the loading sequence. This material’s mechanical properties, stripping, decontamination rate were tested and characterizing definition was done. Results showed this strip material could meet the requirement of low temperature environment. Finally, the influence factors of copolymerization reaction were discussed, including the choice of solvent, dosage of initiator, monomer and the dosage.
The Preparation of Higher Ordered Poly(3-hexylthiophene) by Oxidative Method
Authors: Wang Wen , Liang Lu Ying , Wang Wei , Zheng He Min , Xu Zong Xiong , Lei Yong Kun , Lin Hong Yu , Ling Qi Dan
Published: August 2014

Poly (3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) was synthesized by a modified simple FeCl3 oxidative polymerization. The use of mixed solvents provides a low-cost and effective method to prepare the higher ordered P3HT. The SEM result shows that the assembling of P3HT tends to produce nanowires with 1, 4-dioxane as the poor solvent. The XRD result shows that the formation of P3HT nanowires can enhance the order and regularity of the polymer. The conformation transformations of P3HT chains were analyzed by ultraviolet visible light absorption spectrum. The results show that the higher ordered P3HT was obtained. The higher ordered P3HT can improve the utilization rate of the sunlight when applied in solar cells.
Study on Synthesis of Polyether-Modified Polysiloxane
Authors: Zhang Cai Yun , Zhang Xing Hua
Published: August 2014

Polyether-modified polysiloxane was synthesized by hydrosilylation, using allylic alcohol polyether and polysiloxane as materials, toluene as solvent and chloroplatinic as catalyst. The effect of technology conditions on conversion rate of hydrogenous silicone oil was discussed and chemical structure of product was characterized. The results show that the optimum technology is: the reaction temperature is 95°C, time is 5h, the molar ratio of polysiloxane to polyether is 1:1.2, the dosage of catalyst is 30ug/g and the mass fraction of the toluene is 25% of the system.
Grain Boundary Internal Friction Peak in Nanocrystalline Aluminum Studied by Continuously Changing-Temperature
Authors: Wei Jian Ning , Zhou Li Ling , Liu Jian Qiang , Zhou Xue Yun , Xie Wei Jun
Published: August 2014

The bulk nanocrystalline aluminum are fabricated by cryomilling and hot-press sintering. The internal friction (IF) and relative dynamic modulus measurements in the nanocrystalline aluminum (Al) have been made using a multifunction internal friction apparatus (MFIFA) at low frequencies (0.2-3.0 Hz) over the wide temperature ranges from room temperature to 450 °C, while continuously changing-temperature forced vibration measurement. In the temperature spectrums of IF during heating process and cooling process, a distinct IF peak is found. Corresponding to the IF peak, the relative dynamic modulus decreases rapidly. The peak temperature of the IF peak shifts towards higher temperature with increasing frequency, i.e., the IF peak seem due to the thermal activated relaxation process. The IF peak is a grain boundary IF peak, which is associated with the diffusive grain boundary of Al/Al. Its activation energy has been calculated to be 2.21±0.04×10-19 J and the pre-exponential factor is 10-14 s in IF measurements.
KDP Crystals Grown in Defined Crystallographic Direction
Authors: Wen Ji Long , Teng Bing , Zhong De Gao , Geng Jian , Sun Qing
Published: August 2014

KDP crystals are restrained to grow along (100) direction by a new designed platform. Compared to conventional method, it enables us to grow KDP crystals with higher optical utilization and less labor costs in fabrication process of optical components. The size of the grown crystals is 20×20×10mm3. Its quality has been analyzed by UV-vis spectral, chemical etching and high resolution X-ray diffraction. The FWHM of diffraction curves is 32 and 36 arc s. The transparency measured by UV-vis spectrometer is up to 80%. The results from various characterization studies indicate that the optical quality is almost as same as the conventionally grown crystals.
Preparation and Optical Properties of Er3+-Yb3+ Co-Doped ZnO-B2O3- SiO2 -TiO2Transparent Glass-Ceramics
Authors: Wei Qin Lei , Zou Xiang Yu , Zhang Hong Bo , Su Chun Hui
Published: August 2014

Er3+-Yb3+ co-doped ZnO-B2O3- SiO2-TiO2 transparent glass ceramics were synthesized by melt crystallization technique. Samples were characterized by DSC, XRD, SEM, UV-Vis-NIR and fluorescence spectra and the factors affecting the crystallization of glass ceramics were analyzed. The results indicated good crystallization property of ZBS glass ceramics. The optimum crystallization temperature was 800°C, and crystallization time was 60 min. The main crystal phase was Zn2TiO4 and the transmittance was up to 70% in visible light region. SEM micrograph indicated that the grain diameter was less than 100nm and the emission spectrum of glass ceramics displayed by fluorescence spectra was greatly improved compared with matrix glass. Strong emission peak was observed at 1535nm.
Synthesis and Luminescent Properties of Monodisperse Spherical SiO2/Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2: Eu3+ Particles with Core-Shell Structure
Authors: Wang Huan
Published: August 2014

The growing necessity of biomaterials has increased the interest in calcium phosphates, particularly hydroxyapatite. In this paper, monodisperse and spherical SiO2 particles have been coated with Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2:Eu3+ layers via a Pechini sol-gel process, resulting in core-chell ctructured SiO2/Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2:Eu3+ samples. X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), photoluminescence (PL) spectra were employed to characterize the SiO2/Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2:Eu3+ core-shell particles. The resulted core-shell particles have perfect spherical shape with narrow size distribution, smooth surface and non-agglomeration.
The Effect of Li2O Content on the Electrochemical Performance of β (β′′)-Al2O3
Authors: Wang Zhi Meng , Xie Hong Wei , Liu Cai Ling , Zhai Yu Chun
Published: August 2014

The β (β′′)-Al2O3 powder is prepared by solid phase reaction method, which is sintered inside the powder in MoSi2 electric resistance furnace at 1600°C after isostatic pressing. The experimental result shows that the addition of Li2O can greatly decrease the resistivity of β (β′′)-Al2O3 electrolyte and when the mass fraction of Li2O is 0.8~0.9%, the resistivity of β (β′′)-Al2O3 electrolyte can reach 4~5(Ω•cm)-1.
Synthesis and Photoluminescence Properties of Monodisperse Spherical SiO2@Lu2O3: Eu3+ Particles with Core-Shell Structure
Authors: Wang Huan
Published: August 2014

Spherical submicron SiO2 particles have been coated with luminescent Lu2O3: Eu3+ layers by a Pechini sol-gel process, resulting in the formation of SiO2@Lu2O3: Eu3+ core-shell particles(300, 500 nm). The obtained core–shell phosphors have perfect spherical shape with narrow size distribution, smooth surface and non-agglomeration. The thickness of shells could be easily controlled by changing the number of deposition cycles (50 nm for four deposition cycles). Under the excitation of ultraviolet, the Eu3+ ion mainly shows its characteristic emissions in the core-shell particles from Lu2O3: Eu3+) shells. The PL intensity of Eu3+ increases with the number of coating cycles.
Estimation of Water Desorption in Drying of Membrane Structure System
Authors: Harun Zawati , Ong Tze Ching , Ahmad Rosli
Published: August 2014

In general, ceramic membranes consist of top layer possess structure a hygroscopic zone which acts as a separator while the following bottom layers form a porous nonhygroscopic zone which provides the permeation paths and acting as supporting structures. Thus, the combination of these two different multilayer systems will exhibit different water desorption behavior especially in ceramic membrane preparation. Experimentally, this water characteristic is defined through water retention curve (WRC). Since there is no detailed study on the fitting parameters that associated with WRC on membrane structure has yet been reported, therefore, this paper investigates the effects of various parameters used in WRC equation that represent material properties of the membrane structure using mathematical model. The results showed that hygroscopic material has higher α and n value with lower m value compared with nonhygroscopic material. Hence, understanding the variation of the fitting parameters in the WRC equation is essential for the configuration of WRC slope associated with the material properties especially during drying process of membrane.
Raman Spectra of SrTiO3 Prepared by Direct Current Arc Discharge Plasma Process
Authors: Li Shuang Bin , Yao Ying , Jia Yong Zhong , Yan Jing , Xie Shao Lei
Published: August 2014

The XRD patterns of Strontium Titanate (SrTiO3) prepared by direct current arc discharge plasma technique show that the well crystallized cubic structure. A Raman spectra study is performed to investigate SrTiO3 ceramics and powders compared with earlier investigations. The observed Raman spectra in this work have been interpreted primarily as second order and derived from combinations, overtones and differences of phonon frequencies.
Statistical Classification Method of Structure Model on Compound Friction Materials
Authors: Du Jian Hua , Xu Shi Meng , Ma Run Bo , Gong Lei
Published: August 2014

For an copper-based composite material, the two statistical classification methods were given in this paper according to their radios of graphite, 10%and 20%, through the element modelling indexes of the corresponding surface microstructure. At first, whereas the numbers might not be straightway convenient for statistical classification, so the principal component analysis would be introduced for reducing the number of indexes. Thus, under the indexes reduced, the both advantages and disadvantages of two statistical classification discrimination methods were discussed.
Stress Singularities near Interface Crack Tip for Mode II of Orthotropic Bi-Material
Authors: Li Mu Yang , Li Jun Lin , Xie Xiu Feng
Published: August 2014

Using the method of composite material complex and constructing new stress functions with complex singularity exponents, the problem of singularities near interface crack tip for mode II of orthotropic bi-material is studied. Boundary value problems of generalized bi-harmonic equations can be solved with the help of boundary conditions, then four kinds of stress singularities are deduced, respectively, such as the constant singularity at λ=-1/2, the non-constant singularity at λ=-1/2+ε , the constant oscillation singularity at λ=-1/2+iε, and non-constant oscillation singularity at λ=-1/2+c+iε. For each case, the analytic expressions for stress intensity factors near the central-penetrated interface crack tip for mode II of orthotropic bi-material are obtained.
Micro Crack Transverse Propagation Simulation of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Composites
Authors: Sha Yuan , Duan Cheng Hong , Huang Da
Published: August 2014

The XFEM was used to forecast the sub-interface crack propagation paths of carbon fiber reinforced composites, and the simulation results were compared with the SEM photos. The change of strain energy and damage dissipation energy in this process was also investigated. The results indicated that the existence of fiber had a certain influence on the crack propagation direction. And the structure energy changed along with the crack propagation.
The Influence of Carbonyl Nickel Content on Thermophysical Properties of Metal Polymer Materials Based on Aromatic Polyamide Phenylon
Authors: Burya Alexandr , Yeriomina Yekaterina , Qian Xiang Yang , Feng Xiang Ming
Published: August 2014

Introducing carbonyl nickel’s fine particles into a thermo-resistant polyamide phenylone can significantly improve thermo-physical characteristics of the CM and extend the operational temperature range of products made from these materials. Introducing carbonyl nickel in the amount of 5 – 20 mass %, thermo-resistance of phenylon C-1 increases by 10-30 degrees (most significantly in the case of a 20 % content), thermal conductivity grows by 38 %, and temperature conductivity of composite materials ranges from 1.75∙10-4 to 1.9∙10-4, which is 1.3 - 1.4 times as high as that of the initial phenylon.
Preparation and Modification of Nanometer TiO2 with High Reflectivity
Authors: Zhao Su , Liu Sha Sha , Guo Yan Jun , Wei Wei
Published: August 2014

In order to prepare high reflectivity titanium dioxide, by sol - gel method after nano-titanium dioxide powder, which silane coupling agent KH-570 covering it and make its surface modification.When the reaction temperature is 40 °C, drop accelerated rate 1.5mL/min, calcination temperature about 600 °C, got titanium dioxide with relatively high reflectivity and particle size in around 65 nm.When the amount of the silane coupling agent is 0.5%, the pH of reaction system is 6.5, and the reaction time was 1.5h, the nano-modified titanium dioxide particles with high reflectance.
Hydrothermal Synthesis and Structure Characterization of a Bi-Capped Keggin Heteropoly Molybdovanadated Derivative
Authors: Liu Ya Bing , Xiao Li Guang
Published: August 2014

A new bi-capped Keggin heteropoly molybdovanadated derivative, [Co (en)3]2[SiMo8V6O42]∙6H2O (1) (en = ethylendiamine) has been hydrothermally synthesized and structurally characterized by the elemental analysis, IR, XPS and single crystal X-ray diffraction. The crystal structure analysis reveals that compound 1 consists of [Co (en)3]2+ transition metal coordination fragment and the [SiMo8V6O42]4- building blocks, which are linked together via hydrogen-bonding interactions to form a new 3-D supramolecular networks.
Preparation and Properties of Polyethylene Glycol-Based Composite Phase Change Materials
Authors: Yang Shu
Published: August 2014

This paper aims to improve the small temperature range and poor heat-conducting property of polyethylene glycol (PEG) in practical use. One side, two different PEGs which have different phase change temperatures are mixed, in order to wider the temperature range; another side, the thermal conductivity was improved by adding graphite into composite. The structure characteristics and thermal property of composite were measured and studied. Thermal infrared imager is used to measure the practical effect of temperature-control, by coating composite on fabrics.
Optimum Process of Texturing on Silicon Solar Cell
Authors: Gou Xian Fang , Li Xiao Yan
Published: August 2014

Silicon solar cell surface texture is effective to reduce reflectance and improve light collection. Alkaline etchants is a conventional process of monocrystalline silicon texturing. Isopropyl alcohol (IPA) as buffer solution is expensive and high consumption, which increased the cost of solar cell. In reserch, It has been found that a cheaper surfactant as buffer solution decrease silicon surface interfacial force and increase etchant infiltrating of silicon wafer, so a large number of small and uniform texture appeared on the silicon surface. Pyramids size of about 3μm formed after etching of 15min. A new process to reduce the production cost and form the high quality pyramids texturing has been developed by the investigation.
Electrochemical Synthesis of PANI on 316L Stainless Steel Bipolar Plates of PEMFC and its Corrosion Performance
Authors: Zhou Wan Qiu , Li Xin , Sheng Li , Huang Ting Ting , Wu Shi Wei , Kang Yan Hong
Published: August 2014

PANI conducting polymer coating was electrochemically deposited on 316L stainless steel bipolar plates of PEMFC in the bath of 0.5M H2SO4 and 0.5M aniline. PANI coating could be synthesized with optimal conditions presenting in smooth and dense feature when the voltage was from 0.75V to 0.85V(Vs.SCE). The anti-corrosion performance of the coating was evaluated by electrochemical technique in the medium of 1M H2SO4 and 2ppM NaF at 70°C to simulate the working environment of PEMFC. It was found that the anodic branch of polarization curves presented in passivation character. EIS results indicated that the radius of the capacity impedance for PANI coating increased distinctly, which validated the excellent corrosion resistance of the coating. The surface morphology of the coating was observed by SEM, and the results showed that the surface of 316L stainless steel bipolar plates was covered by claviform shape coating. The chemical composition of the coating was investigated by FTIR and the results illustrated that the coating were composed of PANI.
Preparation of Li/MgO Monolithic Catalysts and their Performance for Oxidative Coupling of Methane
Authors: Zhang Zhao , Ji Sheng Fu
Published: August 2014

A series of Li/MgO/Al2O3/FeCrAl monolithic catalyst with different Li contents were prepared by a wetness impregnation method. The effects of Li contents in the catalysts and reaction conditions such as GHSV and CH4/O2 on the OCM reaction were investigated. The results show that the conversion of CH4 and selectivity of C2 was 38.3% and 27.1%, respectively, which were obtained on the 5%Li/MgO/Al2O3/FeCrAl monolithic catalysts at 850 oC with a GHSV of 24000 mL·g-1·h-1 and CH4/O2 of 2.
The Progress of Scale Problems and Compatibility Experiment Study in Oilfield Water Treatment
Authors: Liu Si Yu , Qu Cheng Tun , Wang Jun Di
Published: August 2014

At present, most oilfields in our country has entered the mid-late development, water-flooding technology is widely accepted, multi-layer hybrid mining and multi-layer hybrid conveying process. If no compatibility between injected water and formation water or different horizon produced water is poor, it can form various types of oil field scale.Scale reservoir caused by congestion, not only can bring damage to reservoir, also can give bring different degree of corrosion of equipment and pipeline, reduce the heat transfer rate of equipment and pipeline. The scale formation, fouling hazards, scaling trend prediction and antiscale technology in oilfield produced water are introduced. It as the basis of the theory of compatibility experiments has a certain realistic guiding significance in mixed mining, mixed transportation and reinjection process.
Swallow-Tailed Fluorinated-Alkoxy-Substituted Hexa-Peri-Hexabenzocoronene: Synthesis and Characterization
Authors: Lin Fei , Wang Wen Guang , Pu Jia Ling
Published: August 2014

Synthesis and characterization of a novel hexabenzocoronene (HBC) derivative bearing swallow-tailed fluorinated alkoxy chains are described. The six peripheral fluorinated chains, well known for their low van der Waals forces, should result as expected in reduced inter-columnar interactions. The UV−vis absorption spectra of this compound appeared in 230-390 nm region. The thermal properties are waiting for the follow-up study.
The Process of Zinc Immersion on the Surface of Mg-Li Alloy
Authors: Liu Mei Duo , Pei Di , Yin Ting Ting
Published: August 2014

The process of zinc immersion for Mg-Li alloy is researched in this paper. Through orthogonal experiments, the optimum process parameters are obtained. The microstructure and the composition of the Zn-dipped coating were measured with SEM, XRD, EDS and electrochemical testing. Results show that, the optimum process parameters are: concentration of main salt (ZnSO4) is 40g/L; solution temperature is 60°C; dipping time is 5min. In addition, dipping time is the most influential factor, then is solution temperature, the last is the concentration of main salt.
High-Tensile Steel Bar Remained Heat Treatment Intensifying Effect and Oxide Layer Anti-Corrosion Research
Authors: Zhang Zhao Hui , Kong Wei Ming , Zhao Fu Cai
Published: August 2014

The surface of hot rolled ribbed steel bar after remained-heat-treatment process readily corrodes and rusts on store and transportation process due to falling off of the surface of its oxide layer in the steel production. By studying different cooling intensity having what effect on rebar structure, mechanical property and the thickness and component of surface oxide layer, this paper analyses the influence factor of strengthening mechanism and anti-corrosion on the surface oxide layer of hot rolled ribbed steel bars (HRB). The result indicates that there is a certain extent improvement on the bar’s yield strength and strength of extension after remained heat treatment, and that this change in large size bar is more distinct than which in small size’s. The most distinct strengthening effect happens in a temperature on cooling table about 720°C. Above 820°C —the temperature on cooling table, all metallographic structure consist of ferrite and pearlite (F+P); under 725°C, the sclerotic structure like bainite appears. With the temperature on cooling table arising, surface oxide layer thickens. In low temperature on cooling table, the sample integrates with matrix comparatively closely and has relatively better anti-corrode property.
Effect of High Temperature and Humidity in Storage on Emulsibility of Soy Protein Isolate
Authors: Sun Bing Yu , Shi Yan Guo , Liu Lin Lin
Published: August 2014

The SPI was applied in food industry widely, but its functionalities may change during storage. The effect of store temperature, time, RH and package material on emulsibility and the component of SPI were studied, when SPI was packaged in 100% N2 and Al, 80%N2:20%CO2 and Al, 60%N2:40% CO2 and Al, vacuum and Al, white paper/plastic/HDPE, and PE and then stored for 5 months in the conditions of RH 80% and 30°C. It was observed by SDS-PAGE that the subunit of SPI disaggregated and molecules aggregated. Comparing the functionalities of SPI with different packaging material, it was shown that the sequence of the barrier property of material to T and RH was Al packaging>factory packaging>PE packaging. Analyzed by relatedness, it was shown that the 7S/11S of SPI with PE packaging storage was not significant with emulsibility. The content of -SH with PE was significantly positive with emulsibility (EAI 0.975**/ESI 0.985**), but the -S-S- of SPI in PE was significantly negative (EAI -0.975**/ESI -0.967**) correlation with emulsibility.
Optimization of Conditions for Extracting Muscle Protein from Grass Carp Using Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Zhang Fu Lan , Liu Yong Le , Yu Jian , Li Qiang , Li Xiang Hong , Wang Jian Hui , Wang Fa Xiang
Published: August 2014

Protein is the major component of muscle tissue, in order to analyze change rule of the grass carp muscle protein during storage, the Plackett–Burman design and response surface methodology were employed to optimize its extraction conditions. The results showed that pH, SDS concentration and liquid-solid ratio were the significant factors influencing response, and the final combination of the optimized parameters was generated: pH, 8.3; liquid-solid ratio, 17:1; SDS concentration, 3.50%;beta mercaptoethanol concentration,0.3%; extraction temperature, 25 °C; extraction time, 1 h; ultrasonic time,15 min. And under these conditions, the protein extraction rate increased to 92.42%.
A Study on a Functional Emulsion Coating and Infrared Laser-Induced Imaging Performance
Authors: Gong Jun Jie , Li Zhong Xiao , Pu Jia Ling
Published: August 2014

In isopropanol-water mixture, a polymer emulsion was prepared through the radical copolymerization [1,2] of styrene, acrylonitrile and 4-vinyl pyridine in the presence of azodiisobutyronitrile (AIBN) and a reactive emulsifier which was synthesized through the addition reaction of 2-isocyanatoethyl methacrylate and methoxypolyethylene glycols (Mn ≈ 2000). The polymer particles were narrowly distributed and had an average size of about 110 nm in diameter. Hydroxypropyl cellulose was used as the binder resin for the emulsion film. The emulsion coating was prepared by coating the mixture of the polymer emulsion and the water solution of the binder resin on aluminum substrate and dried at about 80°C. The resulted film can be easily removed from the substrate with water rinsing. However, once the coating is heated at a temperature which is much higher than the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the particle polymer (e.g., 150°C) for a short period of time, it could no longer be removed from the substrate by water. On the basis of the above work, a water soluble infrared-absorbing dye (IR dye) was incorporated into the emulsion coating and exposed to computer-controlled IR laser (830nm) scanning. The exposed areas could not be removed with water cleaning, whereas the non-exposed areas could still be easily removed with water. Negative images were obtained. Hence, the emulsion coating can be used in developing chemical-free CTP plates required by green printing industry.
Antibiotic Nalidixic Acid Removal by Activated Carbon Prepared from Keratin Wastes
Authors: Wang Jing , Liu Hai , Zhang Jian
Published: August 2014

An activated carbon (AC) was prepared from keratin wastes by potassium hydroxide chemical activation. A number of analytical techniques, including Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, N2 adsorption-desorption and zeta potential, were used to characterize it. The surface area of AC is 750.6 m2/g and its structure was found to be a well-developed micropore. The pH effect of various experimental parameters on its use to adsorb the antibiotic nalidixic acid (NA) from aqueous solutions has been investigated. If pH was below its pKa, anionic NA and negative surface charges on AC were neutralized by H+. Thereby NA was less water soluble and increased the opportunities for hydrophobic interaction with the surface of AC. The major mechanisms were identified as ion exchange, and hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions.
Changes of Microstructure and Viscosity of Enzymatic-Deamidated Rice Protein
Authors: Liu Zhan , Li Xiang Hong , Li Na , Liu Yong Le
Published: August 2014

Changes of microstructure and viscosity of two kind of enzymatic-deamidated rice protein samples (RA and RB) were analyzed. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) results revealed that network structure of native rice protein was filled with carbohydrate. While the skeleton structure of deamidated protein samples was exposed, and the network structure of RA was combined closely. The viscosity of rice protein was significantly decreased after deamidation, and the viscosity of RA and RB were 10.5 and 8.0, respectively.
Research on Aerobic Granular Sludge Cultivated under Selective Pressure
Authors: Zhao Qing , Liu Qi Xia , Zou Xin
Published: August 2014

Inoculated with aerobic sludge from the UASB reactor of a pharmaceutical plant and excess sludge of a municipal sewage treatment plant, granulation of aerobic sludge was realized in a sequencing batch reactor fed with glucose as carbon substrate. Selective pressure created by means of increasing organic loading and decreasing sedimentation time enhances the formation of aerobic granular sludge. Granules started to appear after 35 days operation. The granules were composed of filamentous species with varying degrees of rod-and coccal-type bacteria. While COD and NH4+-N of influent retaining 1600mg/l and 160mg/l, COD and NH4+-N of effluent respectively were 40mg/l and 1mg/l. The removal rates were higher than 95% and 99%.
A Coupling Process of Precoating Dynamic Membrane with Photocatalysis for Treatment of Oily Wastewater
Authors: Chen Hai , Yang Tao , Li Guo Chao , Hu Ke Cheng
Published: August 2014

In order to improve the steady permeate fluxes during the emulsified oil wastewater treatment using precoated dynamic membrane, a coupling process of precoating dynamic membrane with ultraviolet photocatalysis was studied. Impacts of the ultraviolet light power, pH values and the oil concentrations on improvement of the steady permeate fluxes were investigated. The results showed that the ultraviolet photocatalysis effectively improved the steady permeate fluxes and reduced the membrane fouling resistances during the emulsified oil wastewater treatment. The dynamic membrane steady membrane fluxes increased with the rise of ultraviolet light power and decrease in liquid pH values and oil concentrations. Impact of the ultraviolet photocatalysis on the oil retention ratio of precoating dynamic membrane was not obvious.
Study on Adsorption of Chromium in Wastewater by Diatomite
Authors: Zhang Kai Yong , Huang Ling
Published: August 2014

Adsorption ability of chromium in wastewater by purified diatomite as the adsorbent material was studied. The influence of the diatomite dosage, adsorption time, chromium concentration, pH value and reaction temperature to chromium removal rate was got. The results show that under the condition of the diatomite dosage of 9.0g, adsorption time of 90 min, chromium concentration in wastewater of 5mg/L, wastewater pH of 6, and temperature of 30°C, diatomite adsorption removal rate to hexavalent chromium can reach 91.6%. The main adsorption mechanism is the combination of physical adsorption and chemical adsorption, and the latter is dominant. The cost of diatomite as adsorbent is low, and a good removal rate of chromium can be reached, which provides a solid theoretical basis for the removal of chromium in wastewater.