bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Correlates of Pulmonary Function in Children with Sickle Cell Disease and Elevated Fetal Hemoglobin
Authors: Adekile Adekunle D. , Azab Asmaa Farag , Owayed Abdullah , Khadadah Mousa
Published: November 2017

Objective: The current study was carried out to compare pulmonary function tests (PFTs) in pediatric Kuwaiti sickle cell disease (SCD) patients to age-matched normal controls and to investigate the association of PFTs with selected clinical and laboratory parameters. Subjects andMethods: There were 38 patients with SCD and 36 controls in the study. The patients were recruited from the Pediatric Hematology Clinics of Mubarak Al-Kabeer and Al-Amiri Hospitals, Kuwait, and were studied in steady state. The controls were healthy, non-sickle cell siblings of the patients. Forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), total lung capacity, and other PFT parameters were obtained using a constant-volume, variable-pressure, body plethysmograph. Hemoglobin, fetal hemoglobin, serum bilirubin, and lactate dehydrogenase were determined using standard methods. Results: The mean ages of the patients and controls were 10.5 ± 3.2 and 10.5 ± 3.5 years, respectively. The FEV1% predicted of 84.1 ± 15.4% among the patients was significantly lower than the 92.1 ± 11.8% in the controls (p = 0.003). The FVC% predicted was also significantly lower (p = 0.022) in the patients than in the controls, although the values were generally within the normal range. There was no association of FEV1 with pain phenotype, acute chest syndrome (ACS), or blood transfusions. Also, there was no significant correlation with reticulocytes, bilirubin, or lactate dehydrogenase. Conclusions: In this study, changes in PFT, especially FEV1, developed early in the SCD patients. There was no demonstrable association with frequent vaso-occlusive crisis, ACS, and other variables. Hence, there is a need for follow-up studies with serial PFTs to identify vulnerable patients, who might need intervention to prevent early mortality.
WORKSHOP DE NARRATIVAS MIX-MEDIA: PRODUÇÃO EM CONTEXTO DE EQUIPE MULTIDISCIPLINAR
Authors: Vieira Sonia Liliana da Silva , Frias Luis Manuel
Published: November 2017

O desenvolvimento das equipes de criaçao e produçao de conteúdos, ao nível do design e publicaçao digital, seus processos e saberes transdisciplinares, estao a produzir transformaçoes profundas nas estruturas de produçao dos media e em seu próprio modelo de sustentabilidade profissional. O workshop de Narrativas Mix-media levado a cabo na Universidade da Beira Interior (Portugal) pretendeu desta forma simular a realidade das estruturas de produçao e do recente paradigma das redaçoes digitais integradas, bem como avaliar os desafios multi e transdiscisplinares dos vários saberes presentes na fabricaçao de conteúdos de mídias digitais. Alunos de design, jornalismo e cinema foram colocados perante situaçoes reais de desenvolvimento editorial, e enquadrados com feedback profissional promovido em parceria com a redaçao do jornal Expresso.pt. Um membro da estrutura editorial do periódico supervisionou as sessoes com a presença e apoio dos professores dos vários cursos envolvidos. Os dados recolhidos de notas de observaçao, fotos e vídeo, durante as sessoes de trabalho laboratorial, foram cruzados com os resultados do inquérito, as análises e comentários feitos pelos professores envolvidos e as observaçoes do profissional externo representante da equipe editorial do Expresso.pt. Pretendeu-se, assim, analisar de que forma futuros profissionais integrarao o desafio da colaboraçao em equipe multidisciplinar e produzirao conteúdos de caraterísticas mix-media com objetivos reais de publicaçao.
ANÁLISE DA GESTÃO DO PROCESSO DE PERSONALIZAÇÃO DE IMÓVEIS RESIDENCIAIS
Authors: Pagliaroni Marco Aurellio Polenghi , Serra Sheyla Mara Baptista
Published: November 2017

A personalizaçao vem sendo utilizada no setor de construçao habitacional para adaptar o imóvel residencial as necessidades dos clientes, aumentando o valor do produto. Um dos motivos que levaram a implantaçao da personalizaçao no cenário mundial foi o aumento do padrao socioeconômico de parte da populaçao, que passou a ser capaz de satisfazer anseios relativamente individualizados, sendo estimulada também pela tendencia de personalizar em outros setores econômicos. Entretanto, devido a falta de planejamento e de um eficaz sistema de comunicaçao e gestao de informaçoes voltadas a adoçao da personalizaçao, observam-se atrasos e retrabalhos na finalizaçao das etapas construtivas. Este trabalho teve como objetivo verificar o fluxo de informaçoes em construtoras que realizam obras de edificaçoes residenciais e oferecem a personalizaçao aos clientes. Como método de pesquisa foram realizados quatro estudos de caso com a aplicaçao de questionários, observaçao direta e entrevistas. Assim, foi possível verificar a organizaçao dos processos internos envolvidos na personalizaçao de imóveis residenciais, esquematizando os fluxogramas de cada empresa, que mostram a comunicaçao entre os envolvidos, desde a venda do imóvel para o cliente até a entrega dos materiais necessários para a execuçao da obra e das personalizaçoes. Como resultado adicional é proposto um fluxograma modelo para melhorar a gestao da personalizaçao de imóveis.
MÉTODO DE INSPEÇÃO SISTEMÁTICO DE USABILIDADE UNIVERSAL NA ARQUITETURA: ESTUDO DE CASO COM AVALIAÇÃO HEURÍSTICA MODIFICADA
Authors: Staut Lucy Ana Vilela , Bernardi Nubia
Published: November 2017

Este artigo apresenta os resultados de um estudo de caso com avaliaçao através do método baseado em heurísticas modificado em conformaçao aos princípios do Desenho Universal, em Centro Comercial Planejado. O objetivo principal é analisar o potencial de aplicaçao da avaliaçao heurística modificada como método de inspeçao de usabilidade universal, aliada ao percurso pluralístico. A avaliaçao apresenta tres sessoes subsequentes: (1) pré-entrevista, em que cinco avaliadores especialistas interdisciplinares analisam os projetos arquitetônicos do Centro Comercial Planejado em relaçao aos princípios do Desenho Universal e acessibilidade espacial e preenchem formulário de entrevista estruturada; (2) atividades em cenários, em que cada avaliador responde novamente o formulário no desenvolvimento de atividades pré-definidas; e (3) pós-entrevista, em que os formulários foram novamente respondidos através de reanálise dos projetos arquitetônicos. Como resultado, foi identificado que a avaliaçao heurística modificada pode integrar com eficácia a avaliaçao de projeto antes do fato e na avaliaçao pós-ocupaçao, produzindo interaçao entre análise de projeto arquitetônico e o uso do espaço. Assim sendo, destaca-se a necessidade de estudos mais aprofundados sobre usabilidade universal e seu uso na concepçao de ambientes inclusivos. Esta pesquisa mostrou-se como etapa inicial para a avaliaçao de usabilidade universal na arquitetura e recomenda testes aplicados ao contexto arquitetônico, pois salientam a relevância de análise de elementos interdependentes no ambiente construído e devem ser integrados ao processo de projeto universal.
Cerebellar Hematoma Location
Authors: Pasi Marco , Marini Sandro , Morotti Andrea , Boulouis Gregoire , Xiong Li , Charidimou Andreas , Ayres Alison M. , Lee Myung Joo , Biffi Alessandro , Goldstein Joshua N. , Rosand Jonathan , Gurol M. Edip , Greenberg Steven M. , Viswanathan Anand
Published: November 2017

Background and Purpose—

Spontaneous cerebellar intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) has been reported to be mainly associated with vascular changes secondary to hypertension. However, a subgroup of cerebellar ICH seems related to vascular amyloid deposition (cerebral amyloid angiopathy). We sought to determine whether location of hematoma in the cerebellum (deep and superficial regions) was suggestive of a particular hemorrhage-prone small-vessel disease pathology (cerebral amyloid angiopathy or hypertensive vasculopathy).

Methods—

Consecutive patients with cerebellar ICH from a single tertiary care medical center were recruited. Based on data from pathological reports, patients were divided according to the location of the primary cerebellar hematoma (deep versus superficial). Location of cerebral microbleeds (CMBs; strictly lobar, strictly deep, and mixed CMB) was evaluated on magnetic resonance imaging.

Results—

One-hundred and eight patients (84%) had a deep cerebellar hematoma, and 20 (16%) a superficial cerebellar hematoma. Hypertension was more prevalent in deep than in patients with superficial cerebellar ICH (89% versus 65%, respectively;
P
<0.05). Among patients who underwent magnetic resonance imaging, those with superficial cerebellar ICH had higher prevalence of strictly lobar CMB (43%) and lower prevalence of strictly deep or mixed CMB (0%) compared with those with deep superficial cerebellar ICH (6%, 17%, and 38%, respectively). In a multivariable model, presence of strictly lobar CMB was associated with superficial cerebellar ICH (odds ratio, 3.8; 95% confidence interval, 1.5–8.5;
P
=0.004).

Conclusions—

Our study showed that superficial cerebellar ICH is related to the presence of strictly lobar CMB—a pathologically proven marker of cerebral amyloid angiopathy. Cerebellar hematoma location may thus help to identify those patients likely to have cerebral amyloid angiopathy pathology.
Lectotypification of Psyllocarpus schwackei (Spermacoceae, Rubiaceae)
Authors: CARMO JOÃO A.M. , SCALON VIVIANE R. , CALIÓ MARIA F. , SIMÕES ANDRÉ O.
Published: November 2017

Psyllocarpus schwackei was described by Schumann (1898: 18), for which he cited a single collection, “in Brasiliae civitate Minas Geraes, locis arenosis in Serra do Cipo: Schwacke n, 8089, floret Aprili”. In a taxonomic revision of the genus, Kirkbride (1979) stated that the material studied by Schumann at the Botanical Museum in Berlin had been destroyed during the Second World War (Hiepko 1987), and that he was unable to locate any duplicates of this collection. He consulted a photograph of the specimen available in the Field Museum of Natural History type photograph series, negative number 896. Therefore, based upon the original description of the species, the photograph he analysed, and his experience at the type locality, the Serra do Cipó, Minas Gerais state, Kirkbride (1979) selected as neotype the collection “Serra do Cipó, elev. ca. 1125 m, Anderson et al. 36254 (neotype US; isoneotypes NY, UB)”.
Three new species of the Cyathea “Hymenophyllopsis” clade (Cyatheaceae) from Venezuela and Brazil
Authors: MACIEL SEBASTIÃO , LEHNERT MARCUS , HIRAI REGINA Y. , PRADO JEFFERSON
Published: November 2017

Three new species of Cyathea, two from Venezuela and one from Venezuela and the border region between Venezuela and Brazil, are here described: Cyathea alsophiloides, C. cylindrica, and C. lellingeriana. These species are endemic to the tepuis of the Guayana Shield and occur mainly at high elevations (1850–2555 m, although C. lellingeriana also grows down to 770 m). Descriptions, illustrations and mapped distributions are provided for each species, and their similarities to and differences from other species of the Hymenophyllopsis clade in Cyathea are discussed.
Revision of the Megaperidae Manter, 1934 n. comb. (Syn. Apocreadiidae Skrjabin, 1942) including a reorganization of the Schistorchiinae Yamaguti, 1942
Authors: BLEND CHARLES K. , KARAR YASSER F. M. , DRONEN NORMAN O.
Published: November 2017

Modified and/or new keys to the four subfamilies now recognized within the Megaperidae Manter, 1934 n. comb. (Syn. Apocreadiidae Skrjabin, 1942) as well as the genera within each subfamily are presented. Two new genera, Paraschistorchis n. gen. and Plesioschistorchis n. gen., both within the Schistorchiinae Yamaguti, 1942, are erected and keys are provided to the species considered in both new genera—distinguished by possessing caeca that end either in separate ani or blindly. Plesioschistorchis callyodontis (Yamaguti, 1942) n. comb. and Plesioschistorchis haridis (Nagaty, 1957) n. comb. are re-described from new material collected from the common parrotfish, Scarus psittacus Forsskål (Perciformes: Scaridae), inhabiting the Red Sea off Egypt; S. psittacus represents a new host record for both species. The taxonomic status of Schistorchis sensu stricto Lühe, 1906 is examined and revised, a key to the four species we consider in this genus offered, and the monotypic genus Megacreadium Nagaty, 1956 declared a junior synonym of Schistorchis. Members of Schistorchis sensu stricto possess a unique “complex” (i.e. highly cellular/glandular) instead of “simple” (i.e. entirely muscular) type of oral sucker that is quite large in relation to body size; an elongate, somewhat sub-rectangular-shaped body; 5+ testes arranged in at least two rows; caeca that open via separate ani; a long post-testicular region; a median genital pore either at the anterior margin of or just anterior to the ventral sucker; and species of Schistorchis sensu stricto parasitize the intestine of marine fish within the Order Tetraodontiformes Berg. With the revision of this genus, we re-describe Schistorchis carneus Lühe, 1906 from the lower and mid-intestine of the white-spotted puffer, Arothron hispidus (Linnaeus) (Tetraodontiformes: Tetraodontidae), collected in the Red Sea off Egypt. Finally, a plea is made for further study of the Megaperidae n. comb. focusing, in particular, on the following: (1) obtaining new type/voucher materials of Plesioschistorchis manteri (Gupta & Tandon, 1984) n. comb. and Schistorchis paruchini Kurochkin, 1974; (2) elucidating the life histories (i.e. intermediate hosts) of members of the Postporinae Yamaguti, 1958 and Schistorchiinae; and (3) generating DNA sequence data for more species of megaperids to help future workers produce increasingly accurate taxonomic classifications that better reflect phylogenetic relationships within this ecologically diverse group of digeneans.
Effects of City Size on Thunderstorm Evolution Revealed through a Multiradar Climatology of the Central United States
Authors: Kingfield Darrel M. , Calhoun Kristin M. , de Beurs Kirsten M. , Henebry Geoffrey M.
Published: November 2017

Five years of 0.01° latitude × 0.01° longitude multiradar multisensor grids of composite reflectivity and vertically integrated signals from the maximum expected size of hail (MESH) and vertically integrated liquid (VIL) were created to examine the role of city size on thunderstorm occurrence and strength around four cities: Dallas–Fort Worth, Texas; Minneapolis–St. Paul, Minnesota; Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; and Omaha, Nebraska. A storm-tracking algorithm identified thunderstorm areas every minute and connected them together to form tracks. These tracks defined the upwind and downwind regions around each city on a storm-by-storm basis and were analyzed in two ways: 1) by sampling the maximum value every 10 min and 2) by accumulating the spatial footprint over its lifetime. Beyond examining all events, a subset of events corresponding to favorable conditions for urban modification was explored. This urban favorable (UF) subset consisted of nonsupercells occurring in the late afternoon/evening in the meteorological summer on weak synoptically forced days. When examining all thunderstorm events, regions at variable ranges upwind of all four cities generally had higher areal mean values of reflectivity, MESH, and VIL relative to downwind areas. In the UF subset, the larger cities (Dallas–Fort Worth and Minneapolis–St. Paul) had a 24%–50% increase in the number of downwind thunderstorms, resulting in a higher areal mean reflectivity, MESH, and VIL in this region. The smaller cities (Oklahoma City and Omaha) did not show such a downwind enhancement in thunderstorm occurrence and strength for the radar variables examined. This pattern suggests that larger cities could increase thunderstorm occurrence and intensity downwind of the prevailing flow under unique environmental conditions.
Atherogenic Lipoprotein Subfractions and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Menopausal Women
Authors: Iannuzzi Arcangelo , Gentile Marco , Iannuzzo Gabriella , Covetti Giuseppe , Panico Camilla , Mattiello Amalia , Fata Ersilia La , D’Elia Lanfranco , Michele Mario De , Rubba Paolo
Published: November 2017

The aim of the study was to evaluate the relationship between cholesterol contained in very-low-density lipoproteins (VLDL-C), intermediate-density lipoproteins (IDL-C), low-density lipoproteins, high-density lipoproteins, and carotid intima–media thickness (cIMT) and carotid plaques in 228 postmenopausal women (63.1 ± 8.2 years) who participated in the ATENA Project and underwent clinical, biochemical (including the assay of lipoproteins using the Lipoprint system), and carotid ultrasound tests. Very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol had a statistically significant linear association with cIMT ( P < .001), which remained significant after adjustment for age, smoking, systolic blood pressure, glucose, and body mass index ( r2 = .20, P < .05). Higher concentrations of IDL-C and cholesterol contained in triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRL-C, ie, VLDL-C + IDL-C) were associated with plaques in the common carotid (tertile III/tertile I: odds ratio [OR] = 2.52, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.21-5.32, P < .02; OR = 2.30, 95% CI = 1.05-5.01, P < .05, respectively), after adjustment for main cardiovascular risk factors. In conclusion, high concentrations of VLDL-C and TRL-C are independently associated with the presence of carotid plaques. Their assay represents a useful tool for improving our knowledge on the role of different classes of lipoproteins in atherosclerosis.
Leadership and Counseling Psychology: Dilemmas, Ambiguities, and Possibilities
Authors: Shullman Sandra L.
Published: November 2017

In this article, I introduce the scientist–practitioner–advocate–leader model as a strategy for addressing the rapidly changing context for psychologists and psychology. The concept of counseling psychologists as learning leaders is derived from the foundations and values of the profession. Incorporating leadership as a core identity for counseling psychologists may create new directions for science and practice as we increasingly integrate multicultural identities, training, and diverse personal backgrounds into social justice initiatives. The article presents six dilemmas faced by counseling psychologists in assuming leadership as part of professional identity, as well as eight learning leader behaviors that counseling psychologists could integrate in their management of ambiguity and uncertainty across various levels of human organization. The article concludes with a discussion of future possibilities that may arise by adopting leadership as part of the role and core identity of counseling psychology.
Microstructures and luminescent properties of CO2 laser annealed Y2O3:Eu3+ thin films grown on quartz fabric by electron beam evaporation
Authors: Chen Zhuoming , Jiang Shouxiang , Xin Binjie , Guo Ronghui , Miao Dagang
Published: November 2017

Trivalent europium ion doped yttrium oxide (Y2O3:Eu3+) luminescent thin films were grown on quartz fabric substrates using electron beam evaporation (EBE) technology, and then annealed by a pulsed CO2 laser with different resolutions from 30 to 45 dpi. Chemical composition, surface morphology, crystal structure, luminescent properties and CIE chromaticity coordinates of the Y2O3:Eu3+ deposited quartz fabric, as a function of laser resolution, were investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectrometer (XPS), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and PG2000L fiber optic spectrometer, respectively. The results indicate that CO2 laser annealing is an efficient method to improve luminescent properties of Y2O3:Eu3+ thin films. Both the undamaged surface morphology and high crystallinity are positive factors for enhancing luminescent intensity of the deposited fabrics and the optimal luminescent properties of the film can be achieved when annealed at 35 dpi.
Initial Specification and Empirical Test of Media Enjoyment Theory
Authors: Taylor Samuel Hardman , Ledbetter Andrew M. , Mazer Joseph P.
Published: November 2017

Building upon online communication attitude research, this article explains why people use certain media in their social relationships by offering an initial formulation and test of media enjoyment theory (MET). We investigated whether medium enjoyment mediated the effects of social influence and communication competence on media use. We proposed that perceived miscommunication would moderate the mediating effect of medium enjoyment. Results were consistent with MET across voice phone calls, email, text messaging, and Facebook. The results indicate an indirect effect of social influence and communication competence on media use through the mediator of medium enjoyment. The pattern of mediation was strongest when participants held low levels of perceived miscommunication. These results suggest that people are most likely to use media when they perceive high levels of enjoyment from medium and low levels of perceived miscommunication. Theoretical implications highlight how MET can be developed in multimodal and dyadic contexts.
Nonlinear dynamic system identification using neuro-fractional-order Hammerstein model
Authors: Rahmani Mohammad-Reza , Farrokhi Mohammad
Published: November 2017

This paper presents a neuro-fractional-order Hammerstein model with a systematic identification algorithm for identifying unknown nonlinear dynamic systems. The proposed model consists of a Radial Basis Function Neural Network (RBF NN) followed by a Fractional-Order System (FOS). The proposed identification scheme is performed in two stages. First, the fractional-order and the number of state variables (or degree) of the state-space realization of the FOS are estimated in the frequency domain. Then, the parameters of the RBF NN (the weights, centers and widths of the Gaussian functions) and the state matrix of the FOS are determined using the time domain data via the Lyapunov stability theory. Simulating as well as experimental examples are provided to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. The identification results show that the proposed neuro-fractional-order Hammerstein modeling is superior as compared with the existing Hammerstein modeling in literature.
A Quantitative Method for the Evaluation of Spatial Resolution in Quality Control of B-mode Ultrasound Images
Authors: Strocchi Sabina , Larghi Francesco , Novario Raffaele
Published: November 2017

The work describes a method to quantitatively evaluate spatial resolution in B-mode quality control images as radial modulation transfer function (MTF). The method is easy to use in in-field quality assurance programs in clinical institutions, as it is fast and can be performed with the help of phantoms that are already used for routine quality control. It uses a round insert with different echogenic characteristics compared with the phantom background. The method was automated with a MATLAB® routine, which can be run in full automatic mode or with a grade of interaction by the user, as is sometimes necessary with low-quality images. Radial MTF was evaluated for several ultrasound (US) images produced with different clinical US scanners from various vendors and equipped with different types of transducers (linear, convex, sector, vector) working at various frequencies (from 2 to 14 MHz) and with different modalities. It was also evaluated on various computed tomography (CT) images including round inserts. This was done to compare these results with the MTF calculated from the same images using the well-known method from the point spread function (PSF) of a high-contrast bead. Our radial MTF method, adapted to the specific characteristics of US images, was found to be reasonably robust and in line with other methods commonly used for USs (e.g., the pin method, which has repeatability issues) and in other fields, such as X-ray CT.
Finlandisation or media logic? The Estonian–Russian border incident of 2014 in Finnish, Estonian and British press
Authors: Hjelm Titus , Vaher Ülane
Published: November 2017

This article examines the construction of the Estonian–Russian border incident of 2014, where an Estonian security officer ended captured by Russian authorities, in Finnish, Estonian and British press. It asks (a) How did the press construct the event and the actors in the reporting of the Kohver case in Finnish, Estonian and British press? What happened? Who did what? Who was responsible? What is the outcome of these constructions? Are there differences in national reporting? (b) Can ‘Finlandisation’ explain the discursive choices in the press constructions? By Finlandisation we refer to a hypothesis about the effects that the proximity of a major power in the context of international tension has on media discourse and culture more broadly. We argue that although the discourse of the Kohver case in Finnish, Estonian and British press could be subsumed under the term ‘Finlandisation’ in the case of the first two countries, a more fruitful approach would be to consider the discursive differences in the framework of the ‘domestication’ of news. This implies that explaining the tone of the news discourse is as much a matter of media logic as it is of underlying and/or implicit ideology.
POSS-benzocyclobutene (POSS-BCB) resin
Authors: Su Tao , Men Weiwei , Wang Zhiqiang , Xuan Lixin , Zhao Weiwei
Published: November 2017

Organic-inorganic hybrid materials with a high thermal stability and a low dielectric constant show great potential in the microelectronics industry. In this work, polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane-benzocyclobutenes (POSS-BCBs) were synthesized by a hydrosilylation reaction of octavinyloctasilasesquioxane (OVPOSS) and 4-(1,1-dimethyl-1-hydro)-silyl-benzocyclobutene with H2PtCl6 as a catalyst. The ring-opening reaction of BCB on POSS-BCBs resulted in POSS-BCB resins with a highly cross-linked network structure. This resin exhibited good thermal stability (T5% is 495°C in N2), low dielectric constants (<2.1 at 20 MHz) and low water absorption.
Decolonizing Scoping Review Methodologies for Literature With, for, and by Indigenous Peoples and the African Diaspora: Dialoguing With the Tensions
Authors: Chambers Lori A. , Jackson Randy , Worthington Catherine , Wilson Ciann L. , Tharao Wangari , Greenspan Nicole R. , Masching Renee , Pierre-Pierre Valérie , Mbulaheni Tola , Amirault Marni , Brownlee Patrick
Published: November 2017

This article summarizes our deepened understanding of decolonizing research with, for, and by Indigenous peoples and peoples of African descent that emerged from conducting a scoping review of the methodological literature and reflecting on our review process. Although our review identified decolonizing methodologies as a promising approach, we questioned if our scoping review process engaged in decolonizing knowing. To unpack the epistemological tensions between decolonizing knowing and Western ways of doing scoping reviews, we engaged in individual and collective reflective processes— dialoguing with the tensions—moving from individual immersion in the literature to transformative dialogues among the team. In reflecting upon our tensions with the scoping review process, themes that emerged included (a) ontological/epistemological disjunctures, (b) tensions with concepts and language, and (c) relationships with the literature and beyond. This reflexive process provides valuable insight into ways in which review methods might be made a decolonizing research experience.
The Role of Job Demands and Job Resources in the Development of Emotional Exhaustion, Depression, and Anxiety Among Police Officers
Authors: Santa Maria Andreas , Wörfel Franziska , Wolter Christine , Gusy Burkhard , Rotter Max , Stark Sabine , Kleiber Dieter , Renneberg Babette
Published: November 2017

The aim of this study was to examine whether job demands and job resources predict depression and anxiety levels among police officers and whether emotional exhaustion plays a mediating role in this relationship. In addition, we tested whether job resources can serve as a protective factor against job-related strain. A total of 843 German police officers completed the questionnaires in an online survey. Results showed that job demands (high workload and assaults by citizens) predicted higher levels of depression and anxiety among police officers, mediated through emotional exhaustion. Furthermore, job resources (social support by colleagues, shared values, and positive leadership climate) buffered the effect of job demands on emotional exhaustion and were negatively associated with depression and anxiety levels. The identification of job demands and job resources that are related to psychological strain among police officers provides important information for interventions in order to promote mental health in the context of police work.
Understanding Malay and Chinese work ethics in Malaysia through proverbs
Authors: Richardson Christopher , Yaapar Md Salleh , Abdullah Nurul Farhana Low
Published: November 2017

Proverbs are important cultural products that both reveal and direct the values, behaviour and world view of a particular culture. This article relates the proverbial collection of two particular cultural groups, the Malays and Chinese of Malaysia, to workplace attitudes. After reviewing more than 2000 proverbs, we identified those that were most pertinent to the Malaysian workplace, based on two key categories: (i) the portrayal of work in the lives of the Malays and Chinese and (ii) the approach to workplace etiquette. Local proverbs portray hard work as an admirable quality among not only the Chinese but also among the Malays, despite suggestions to the contrary by some writers. Regarding workplace relations, proverbs again constitute a vital source of guidance for both groups, particularly the high regard for ‘face’.
Hadza Men With Lower Voice Pitch Have a Better Hunting Reputation
Authors: Smith Kristopher M. , Olkhov Yevgeniy M. , Puts David A. , Apicella Coren L.
Published: November 2017

Previous research with hunter-gatherers has found that women perceive men with voices manipulated to be lower in pitch to be better hunters, and men perceive women with lower pitch to be better gatherers. Here, we test if actual voice pitch is associated with hunting and gathering reputations in men and women, respectively. We find that voice pitch does relate to foraging reputation in men, but not in women, with better hunters having a lower voice pitch. In addition, we find that the previously documented relationship between voice pitch and reproductive success no longer holds when controlling for hunting reputation, but hunting reputation remains a significant predictor of reproductive success when controlling for voice pitch. This raises the possibility that voice pitch is being selected for in hunter-gatherers because of the relationship between voice pitch and hunting reputation.
“Dear Diary”: A Preliminary Study of the Effects of Consistency Modification on Three Dimensions of Wellness
Authors: Archer Brent , Azios Jamie , Azios Michael , Becerril Stefanie , Heels Jane
Published: November 2017

Few studies of the ways in which consistency modification might affect dimensions of wellness exist. The aim of this study is to furnish preliminary findings on the effects that consistency modification has on a range of aspects of living. The authors (five speech-language pathologists [SLPs]) restricted our oral intake to thickened liquids and purees for 1 week. During this time, we kept diaries and chose to focus on three domains of wellness namely emotional, social, and intellectual well-being. The diaries we generated were subjected to thematic analysis. The thematic analysis we conducted revealed that dietary restrictions had a sizable effect on the outlined dimensions of wellness. By pursuing this line of research, and recording and analyzing the views of people with dysphagia, researchers can understand the broader costs of consistency modification. Furthermore, our findings suggest that some form of disability stimulation might enhance educational outcomes for student SLPs.
Investigation of the arterial intima-media thickness in Behcet’s disease patients without vascular complaints
Authors: Kankilic Nazım , Aslan Aydın , Karahan Oguz , Demirtas Sinan , Caliskan Ahmet , Yavuz Celal
Published: November 2017

Objectives

Behcet’s disease is a multisystemic, inflammatory disease. Various factors have been implicated in the disease, including genetics, infections, immunoglobulins, immune complexes, antibodies, and oxidative stress. However, the underlying etiopathogenesis remains unclear. Behcet’s disease can occur with or without vascular involvement. This prospective study investigated the relationship between the intima-media thickness of the major arteries, in addition to other factors affecting the disease process, in Behcet’s disease without vascular involvement.

Methods

Twenty-four patients (average age: 38.50 ± 10.931) without vascular involvement or any vascular complaints who were diagnosed with Behcet’s disease were included in the study. Sixteen healthy subjects (average age: 39.75 ± 7.793) were included as a control group. Demographic information and medical histories were recorded, and routine blood tests were performed in both groups. The intima-media thickness of the subclavian, axillary, femoral, and carotid arteries of all the participants were recorded using Doppler ultrasonography. The data were then subjected to intergroup statistical and correlation analyses.

Results

There were no significant differences between the arterial intima-media thickness values of the Behcet’s disease patients and those of the control group ( p > 0.05). However, there was a significant difference between the neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio ( p = 0.004), low-density lipoprotein ( p = 0.007), and triglyceride ( p = 0042) levels of the two groups. Significant correlations were found between intima-media thickness and neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio levels ( p = 0.012) and the disease duration ( p = 0.030). There was also a significant correlation between the intima-media thickness of the femoral artery and disease duration ( p = 0.014).

Conclusions

The results showed that the duration of illness had a significant effect on arterial intima-media thickness in Behcet’s disease. Blood neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio levels were also associated with increased intima-media thickness.
Communicating your research (part 2): to the wider community
Authors: Udovicich Cristian , Kasivisvanathan Veeru , Winchester Catherine L
Published: November 2017

Dissemination of research findings via digital tools and research engagement activities is rapidly becoming accepted practice for reaching a wider audience. In addition, they offer the opportunity for finding collaborative research partners, networking with peers, and informing funders, clinical practitioners and policy makers. However, exposure should extend beyond a scientific audience and should incorporate the general public, patients and their families, enabling them to be involved with research, facilitating the potential impacts of research to be realised.

Level of evidence: Not applicable for an opinion piece.
Exploring Older Adult ED Fall Patients’ Understanding of Their Fall: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Shankar Kalpana N. , Taylor Devon , Rizzo Caroline T. , Liu Shan W.
Published: November 2017

Objective:

We sought to understand older patients’ perspectives about their fall, fall risk factors, and attitude toward emergency department (ED) fall-prevention interventions.

Methods:

We conducted semistructured interviews between July 2015 and January 2016 of community-dwelling, nondemented patients in the ED, who presented with a fall to an urban, teaching hospital. Interviews were halted once we achieve thematic saturation with the data coded and categorized into themes.

Results:

Of the 63 patients interviewed, patients blamed falls on the environment, accidents, a medical condition, or themselves. Three major themes were generated: (1) patients blamed falls on a multitude of things but never acknowledged a possible multifactorial rationale, (2) patients have variable level of concerns regarding their current fall and future fall risk, and (3) patients demonstrated a range of receptiveness to ED interventions aimed at preventing falls but provided little input as to what those interventions should be.

Conclusions:

Many older patients who fall do not understand their fall risk. However, based on the responses provided, older adults tend to be more receptive to intervention and more concerned about their future fall risk, making the ED an appropriate setting for intervention.
Reliability of analysis of the bone mineral density of the second and fifth metatarsals using dual‐energy x‐ray absorptiometry (DXA)
Authors: Pritchard N. Stewart , Smoliga James M. , Nguyen Anh‐Dung , Branscomb Micah C. , Sinacore David R. , Taylor Jeffrey B. , Ford Kevin R.
Published: November 2017

Background

Metatarsal fractures, especially of the fifth metatarsal, are common injuries of the foot in a young athletic population, but the risk factors for this injury are not well understood. Dual‐energy x‐ray absorptiometry (DXA) provides reliable measures of regional bone mineral density to predict fracture risk in the hip and lumbar spine. Recently, sub‐regional metatarsal reliability was established in fresh cadaveric specimens and associated with ultimate fracture force. The purpose of this study was to assess the reliability of DXA bone mineral density measurements of sub‐regions of the second and fifth metatarsals in a young, active population.

Methods

Thirty two recreationally active individuals participated in the study, and the bone density of the second (2MT) and fifth (5MT) metatarsals of each subject was measured using a Hologic QDR x‐ray bone densitometer. Scans were analyzed separately by two raters, and regional bone mineral density, bone mineral content, and area measurements were calculated for the proximal, shaft, and distal regions of the bone. Intra‐rater, inter‐rater, and scan‐rescan reliability were then determined for each region.

Results

Proximal and shaft bone mineral density measurements of the second and fifth metatarsal were reliable. ICC's were variable across regions and metatarsals, with the distal region being the poorest.

Conclusions

Bone mineral density measurements of the metatarsals may be a better indicator of fracture risk of the metatarsals than whole body measurements. A reliable method for measuring the regional bone mineral densities of the metatarsals was found. However, inter‐rater reliability and scan‐rescan reliability for the distal regions were poor. Future research should examine the relationship between DXA bone mineral density measurements and fracture risk at the metatarsals.
Automated telephone interventions for problematic alcohol use in clinical and population samples: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Andersson Claes , Gajecki Mikael , Öjehagen Agneta , Berman Anne H.
Published: November 2017

Objective

The primary objective was to evaluate 6-month outcomes for brief and extensive automated telephony interventions targeting problematic alcohol use, in comparison to an assessment-only control group. The secondary objective was to compare levels of problematic alcohol use (hazardous, harmful or probable dependence), gender and age among study participants from clinical psychiatric and addiction outpatient settings and from population-based telephone helpline users and Internet help-seeker samples.

Results

The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) was used for screening of problematic alcohol use and 6-month follow-up assessment. A total of 248 of help-seekers with at least hazardous use (AUDIT scores of ≥ 6/≥ 8 for women/men) were recruited from clinical and general population settings. Minor recruitment group differences were identified with respect to AUDIT scores and age at baseline. One hundred and sixty persons (64.5%) did not complete the follow-up assessment. The attrition group had a higher proportion of probable dependence (71% vs. 56%; p = 0.025), and higher scores on the total AUDIT, and its subscales for alcohol consumption and alcohol problems. At follow up, within-group problem levels had declined across all three groups, but there were no significant between-group differences.

Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01958359, Registered October 9, 2013. Retrospectively registered
Misclassification of child body mass index from cut-points defined by rounded percentiles instead of Z-scores
Authors: Anderson Laura N. , Carsley Sarah , Lebovic Gerald , Borkhoff Cornelia M. , Maguire Jonathon L. , Parkin Patricia C. , Birken Catherine S.
Published: November 2017

Objective

To evaluate the misclassification resulting from the use of body mass index (BMI) cut-points defined by rounded percentiles instead of Z-scores in early childhood. Using data from theTARGet Kidsprimary care network we conducted a cross-sectional study among 5836 children < 6 years of age. The World Health Organization growth standards were used to calculate BMI-for-age Z-scores. BMI Z-score cut-points of < − 2.0, > 1.0, > 2.0, > 3.0 are recommended to define wasted, at risk of overweight, overweight and obese. However, rounded percentiles of the 3rd, 85th, 97th, and 99.9th are commonly used. Misclassification was calculated comparing the frequency distributions for BMI categories defined by rounded percentiles and Z-score cut-points.

Results

Using rounded percentiles, the proportion of children who were wasted, at risk of overweight, overweight, and obese was 4.2, 12.5, 4.3 and 0.8%, whereas the distribution using Z-scores was: 3.6, 13.8, 3.4 and 1.0%, respectively. Overall, 117 (2%) children were misclassified when using percentiles instead of Z-scores; however, 13% (33/245) of children who were wasted and 14% (8/57) of children who were obese were misclassified. Misclassification of child growth results from the use of cut-points defined by rounded percentiles instead of Z-scores and limits comparability between studies.

Trial registrationClinicaltrials.gov NCT01869530 June 5, 2013
Foundation News
Authors: Burk Katie
Published: November 2017

People give for many different reasons. Some give to feel a sense of value and satisfaction. Some do it to give something back to a group or community that has helped them in some way. Some simply believe in the cause of a charity, and so forth. So, why do you give? Would you consider sponsoring a student geophysicist this year?
4D DAS VSP as a tool for frequent seismic monitoring in deep water
Authors: Mateeva A. , Lopez J. , Chalenski D. , Tatanova M. , Zwartjes P. , Yang Z. , Bakku S. , Vos K. de , Potters H.
Published: November 2017

Thanks to its relatively low cost, time-lapse vertical seismic profiling (VSP) with distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) is an attractive proposition for frequent seismic monitoring around production and injection wells, aimed at production optimization in complex deepwater fields. We demonstrate that 4D DAS VSP provides sufficient data quality for reservoir monitoring in deep water, with a high value-to-investment ratio. 4D quality and image extent can be enhanced through well-executed acquisition and advanced processing. Further cost lowering via innovations on the source side is being pursued. The path to establishing 4D DAS VSP as a monitoring tool in deep water is through further field applications to demonstrate its ability to impact business decisions.
Smart DAS upholes for simultaneous land near-surface characterization and subsurface imaging
Authors: Bakulin Andrey , Golikov Pavel , Smith Robert , Erickson Kevin , Silvestrov Ilya , Al-Ali Mustafa
Published: November 2017

A novel integrated land seismic imaging system that uses distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) in a grid of shallow upholes is proposed. This system allows simultaneous land near-surface characterization and subsurface imaging in a cost-efficient manner. Using this fiber-optic system, uphole velocity surveys can be acquired at any time with a single shot, since all depth levels are recorded simultaneously. Dense grids of smart DAS upholes accurately characterize long-wavelength statics and reduce uncertainty in exploration for low-relief structures. In addition, connecting multiple upholes with a single fiber enables efficient acquisition of seismic surveys with buried vertical arrays, which can provide superior images of the deeper subsurface than surface seismic, but with improved accuracy, since they bypass most of the near-surface complexities. The smart DAS upholes can deliver on-demand surveys that simultaneously characterize the near surface and perform deep reflection imaging of oil and gas targets for exploration, development, or reservoir monitoring. We have performed successful field testing of the smart DAS system on an onshore field in Saudi Arabia. Such a system is long overdue for land regions that have complex near-surface conditions.
Fracture detection and imaging through relative seismic velocity changes using distributed acoustic sensing and ambient seismic noise
Authors: James Stephanie R. , Knox Hunter A. , Preston Leiph , Knox James M. , Grubelich Mark C. , King Dennis K. , Ajo-Franklin Jonathan B. , Johnson Tim C. , Morris Joseph P.
Published: November 2017

Fracture systems are important pathways for fluid and solute transport and exert a critical influence on the hydraulic properties of aquifers and reservoirs. Therefore, detailed knowledge of fracture locations, connections, and evolution is crucial for both groundwater and energy applications (e.g., enhanced geothermal, oil and gas recovery, carbon sequestration, and wastewater injection). The innovative combination of distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) and ambient seismic noise techniques has the potential to detect and characterize fracture systems at high-spatial and temporal resolution without an active source. To test this, we conducted a multiphysics field experiment at Blue Canyon Dome, New Mexico. A novel energetic material developed by Sandia National Laboratories was used to generate fractures in two separate stimulations. Ambient noise was recorded before and after each stimulation using fiber-optic cables installed in the outer annulus of four boreholes surrounding the stimulation hole at a radius of 1.2 m. The Python package MSNoise was used to compute crosscorrelations and measure changes in velocity between each time period relative to the initial (prestimulation) time period. The majority of channel pairs showed a velocity reduction (average −3% relative velocity change) following both stimulations. We used a 3D Bayesian tomography approach to resolve spatial variations by utilizing differences between channel pairs. Results showed that the greatest velocity reduction was concentrated near the center of the test area and suggested the presence of a near-vertical fracture, oriented northeast to southwest for depths >19 m below ground surface and extending slightly to the southwest corner. These results were generally consistent with crosshole seismic tomography time-lapse images. DAS technology provides valuable sensing capability and — when used with a passive seismic approach — shows great promise for monitoring and characterization of fractured-rock systems.