bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MANAGEMENT ON CORAL REEF ECOSYSTEM IN THE SIANTAN TENGAH DISTRICT, ANAMBAS ISLANDS
Authors: Ramadhani Rifki Aldi , Damar Ario , Madduppa Hawis
Published: January 2018

Coral reef ecosystem management in Siantan Tengah District, Anambas Islands need to be improved to obtain the optimal results. Currently, the coral reef ecosystem management is conducted sectorally, therefore, it can cause a damage on coral reef ecosystem. The purposes of this study were to analyze sustainability status of coral reefs managements in the District Central Siantan and to  formulate the sustainability of coral reef ecosystem management. Multi Dimensional Scaling (MDS) with Rap-Insus COREMAG approach was used to analyze the sustainability status of coral reef management. The results showed that the sustainability status of coral reef management in Siantan Tengah District was sustainable with multidimensional index of 51.457. Dimensions that need to be improved to achieve the optimal management of coral reef ecosystems in a sustainable manner is social dimension to the value of sustainability by 42.324 and institutional dimensions of 49.85 which is classed as less sustainable. This results of this research are expected to be able to facilitate the stakeholders to arrange the sustainability of coral reef ecosystem management in the Siantan Tengah District. Keywords: coral reef management, sustainability analysis, Siantan Tengah District, Anambas Island, Multi Dimensional Scaling (MDS)
SURVIVAL AND RESPONSE MOLTING OF MUD CRAB (Scylla olivacea) INJECTED WITH MURBEY (Morus spp.) LEAVE EXTRACT
Authors: Herlinah . , Tenriulo Andi , Septiningsih Early , Suwoyo Hidayat Suryanto
Published: January 2018

The soft shell crab productivity has been hampered due to the long rearing time and unsimultaneous molting of the crab. This study aimed to determine the effect of murbey (Morus spp.) leave extract as molting stimulant on Scylla olivacea and its best extract dosage to be applied in soft shell crabs production technology. Application of murbey extract was conducted by using injection method with 5 treatments such as (a) 0 ppm (as control); (b) 100 ppm; (c) 125 ppm; and (d) 150 ppm for 12 individual per treatment. The results showed that the highest molting percentage (50%) was obtained at the concentration of 100 ppm. Meanwhile, the control (0 ppm), 125 ppm, and 150 ppm treatments displayed the same molting response (33.3%). The fastest latent molting time (29 days) was found at the treatment of  125 ppm and the slowest one of 44 days at  100 and 150 ppm treatments. The best growth of crabs injected with murbey leaves extract was at the concentration of 100 ppm with the carapace width of 6.0 mm and the body weight of 32.98 g, while the lowest was obtained at the concentration of 150 ppm with the carapace width of 3.8 mm and the body weight of 25.43 g. Crabs treated with murbey extract at the concentrations of 100, 125, and 150 ppm exhibited survival rate of 91.7 % vs. the control of 83.3%. Murbey leaves extract have been proven to be effective in stimulating molting mud crab (Scylla olivacea). The 100 ppm exhibited the best response for growth and molting percentage, while the 125 ppm showed the best performance for latent period molting of the crab. Keywords: molting response, survival rate, Scylla olivacea, murbei leaves, Morus spp.
ON SEAWEED CULTURE BASED COASTAL AREA DEVELOPMENT IN WEST SUMBAWA REGENCY
Authors: Nuryadin Rusmin , Soewardi Kadarwan , Yonvitner .
Published: January 2018

Seaweed cultivation is one of current coastal development activities in the west Sumbawa regency. Coastal region in the west Sumbawa regency that be used for seaweed cultivation was about 1,550 ha, however, its utilization was still limited of about 536 ha (34.58%). Seaweed farming activities were only carried out in some locations of the subdistrict of Taliwang and Pototano, west Sumbawa. Sustainability analysis of seaweed cultivation was done by Multidimensional scaling method using Rapid Appraisal Seaweed (Rapseaweed). Based on sustainability status of seaweed cultivation, the long line methods was less sustainable with sustanability index of 49.28 and the ‘anchored’ method produced better sustainability of 61.02 index value. A technological dimension is needed for seaweed farming development in order to produce better sustainability. Other dimensions for seaweed farming improvement are ecological, economic, social, and institutional. To reach a sustainable seaweed cultivation in the west Sumbawa regency, farmers and other stake holders should increase the utilization of available coastal region for seaweed farming activities by having the availability of the market and seeds, guarantees access to capital, increasing skills and knowledge of farmers, provide the drying and storage facilities, and  develop the seaweed processing industry. Keywords: seaweed, value index, sustainability status, Rapseaweed
LEVEL OF CRABLET PRODUCTION IN MANGROVE CRAB Scylla paramamosain WITH FEEDING ENRICHMENT USING HUFA AND VITAMIN C ON LARVAE STAGES
Authors: Gunarto . , Herlinah .
Published: January 2018

The objective of the research was to determine the best enrichment of rotifer and the naupli of Artemia as feed  for mud crab, S. paramamosain larvae,  also to know their increasing of the DHA/EPA ratio and vitamin C content. Four treatments were tested, namely : A) Mud crab larvae every two days were given  rotifer and naupli of Artemia enriched with HUFA and vitamin C also added RICA-1 probiotic at 2 mg/L,  B) Mud crab larvae every two days were given rotifer and naupli of Artemia enriched with HUFA  and vitamin C,  C).  Mud crab larvae every two days were given rotifer and naupli of Artemia enriched with vitamin C, and D).  Mud crab larvae every three days were given rotifer and naupli of Artemia enriched with vitamin C. Result showed that the crablet production from the highest to the lowest was as follows: treatment A (177.5+17.6 ind./tank), treatment B (160+14.1 ind./tank) (A and B showed no significant different results (P>0.05)), treatment C (136+5.6 ind./tank), and treatment D (106+8,5 ind./tank) (C and D results indicated a significantly different (P<0.05) with treatment A).   Higher level of DHA/EPA ratio of 69.23% was found on rotifer enriched with HUFA, while on naupliofArtemia only 28,72%. Higher level content of vitamin C was 50.56% in rotifer enriched with vitamin C, while in naupli of Artemia was only increase to 35.56%.Keywords:  Scylla paramamosain larvae, enrichment,  HUFA, vitamin C, crablet
HABITAT QUALITY MUD CRAB (Scylla serrata) IN MANGROVE ECOSYSTEM OF BINTAN BAY, BINTAN DISTRIC, RIAU ISLANDS
Authors: Tahmid M. , Fahrudin Achmad , Wardiatno Yusli
Published: January 2018

Mud crab (Scylla serrata) is one of small scale fisheries commodity that have high economic value and typically associated with good mangrove ecosystem. A habitat degradation will cause a serious impact on the existence of mud crab population. The puropse of this study was to assess the ecological quality of mud crab habitat condition on Bintan Bay’s mangrove ecosystem. Ecological data collection was conducted by using plots line transect for mangrove and the mud carb data collection by using fishermen catch (fisher based survey). The results showed the value of habitat quality index (HQI) of mud crab (Scylla serrata) ranged from 52-82 which mean in the “moderate” category (index value 43-66) and "good" (index value 67-90). It showed that Bintan Bay’s mangrove ecosystems was good enough to support the viability of mud crab. Habitat quality had a linier impact on body weight gain (R2 = 99.78%) and carapace width (R2= 99.21%). This showed that higher the index value of habitat quality, the size of the body weight and carapace width will increases. Keywords: Scylla serrata, habitat quality, ecology, mangroves, and Bintan Bay
SPECIES COMPOSITION OF FRESHWATER EELS (Anguilla spp.) IN EIGHT RIVERS FLOWING TO PALABUHANRATU BAY, SUKABUMI, INDONESIA
Authors: Hakim Agus Alim , Kamal M Mukhlis , Butet Nurlisa A , Affandi Ridwan
Published: January 2018

Freshwater eel (Anguilla spp.) is a catadromus fish that migrates from freshwater into seawater for spawning and return to freshwater during larvae stage to grow. The objective of this study was to determine species composition of tropical freshwater eels based on morphology collected from several rivers flowing in to the Palabuhan Ratu Bay. Young, adult, and glass eels were caught in August 2014 until Desember 2014. Glass eels were only caught in Cimandiri River. Freshwater eels were classified by ano-dorsal length (AD) divided by total length (TL), cluster analysis, and discriminant analysis based on morphometric data. The results showed different AD/TL of young and adult, i.e., 1.93±0.51 for A. bicolor bicolor, and 16.99±0.65 for A. marmorata, and three different AD/TL of glass eels i.e.,1.72±1.05 for A. bicolor bicolor6.60±1.79 for A. nebulosa nebulosa, and 15.07±1.04 for A. marmorata. Cluster analysis showed three groups of population  characters of young and adult eels i.e.  A. bicolor bicolor (2 groups) and A. marmorata (1 group). Discriminant analysis showed three groups of glass eels population i.e., A. bicolor bicolor, A. nebulosa nebulosa, and A. marmorata. Morphological identification showed that young and adult eels in Cibareno  and Citepus rivers had two species i.e., A. bicolor bicolor and A. marmorata. Glass eels from Cimandiri river had three species i.e., A. bicolorbicolor, A. nebulosanebulosa, and A. marmorata. A. bicolor bicolor was found in each rivers and as a dominant species in Palabuhan Ratu Bay.Keywords: A. bicolor bicolor, A. marmorata, A. nebulosa nebulosa, species composition
RATIO OF NUTRIENT AND DIATOM-DINOFLAGELLATE COMMUNITY IN SPERMONDE WATERS, SOUTH SULAWESI
Authors: Nasir Andriani , Lukman Muhammad , Tuwo Ambo , Nurfadilah .
Published: January 2018

Runoff of nutrients (N, P, Si) from the mainland would disrupt the balance of nutrients in the waters resulted in changing microalgae communities composition, especially between diatom and dino-flagellate (Dia/Dino). This study was aimed to analyze the relationship of nutrient ratios (N/P, N/Si, Si/P) in the waters, to the density ratio of the Dia/Dino in the coastal and marine waters of Spermonde archipelago, South Sulawesi, Indonesia, which experience nutrient enrichment. Nutrients and phyto-plankton samples were collected from the coastal waters of Tallo, Maros, Pangkep, and seawaters of Spermonde in three seasons (transition, wet, and dry). The results showed the average value (± stan-dard deviation) of Dia/Dino ratio in the coastal and sea waters is 1422±1742 and 1174±1290 in the transition season; 238±205 and 1039±2264 in the dry season; and 153±270 and 72±71in the rainy season. Meanwhile, in the marine waters the ratio of Dia/Dino ranges between 1 and 9839. The ratio of Dia/Dino was not different significantly (p>0,05) by spatial and temporal, but Dia/Dino ratio was different significantly (p<0,05) on the ratio of nutrients in coastal waters, where the value of N/Si ratio tends to ignite monospesies enrichment diatom (Chaetoceros) with a variant of 70,4%. Keywords: nutrient ratios, diatom, dinoflagellate, coastal, Spermonde
VACCINATION OF JUVENILE TIGER GROUPER WITH THREE INACTIVATED BACTERIAL PATHOGENS
Authors: Zafran .
Published: January 2018

An experiment to evaluate the efficacy of inactivated polyvalent bacterial vaccines to increase specific immunity of tiger grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus) against bacterial infection was conducted in floating net cages located in Sumbawa Island, West Nusa Tenggara. Polyvalent bacterial vaccine was prepared by mixing three species of killed-bacteria (Vibrio harveyi, V. alginolyticus, and Photobacterium leiognathi) with ratio of 1:1:1. The density of bacterial vaccine was adjusted at 1010 CFU/ml. The vaccines were delivered by immersion. The control fish were immersed in sea water without vaccine. Fish with ± 6 cm of total length and ± 7 g of body weigth were used in this experiment. The fishes were reared in concrete tanks in hatchery of Gondol, Bali until they reached ± 9 cm of total length. Later, the fishes were reared for 6 months in floating net cages located in Sumbawa. Re-vaccinations were delivered 60 days and 120 days post initial vaccination. The results showed that titer antibody and survival rate of the vaccinated fish were 1/128 and 77.11%, higher than the control (titer antibody=1/4-1/8, survival=45.56%, respectively). The relative percent survival of the vaccinated fish was 57.95%. It was suggested that the vaccines were immunogenic and had protective ability against bacterial infection in tiger groupers. Keywords: bacterial disease, polyvalent bacterial vaccine, tiger grouper
RESPONSE OF SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE (SST) AND CHLOROPHYLL-A ON MADDEN JULIAN OSCILLATION (MJO) IN INDONESIAN SEAS
Authors: Balbeid Nabil , Atmadipoera Agus Saleh , Koropitan Alan Frendy
Published: January 2018

Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) is a large-scale phenomenon that occurs in equatorial area, parti-cularly Indonesia. This research aimed to investigate the MJO propagation process and studied the correlation between MJO and sea surface temperature (SST) and chlorophyll-a. Sea variables (SST and chlorophyll-a) and atmosphere variables (outgoing longwave radiation/OLR, 1,5 km wind, and surface wind) were band-pass filtered for 20-100 days period. Spectral density from OLR and 1,5 km wind (2003-2012) shows that the MJO period was dominantly occurred for 40–50 days. Average pro-pagation of  MJO velocity resulted from the atmospheric variable analysis by Hovmöller diagram was 4,7 m/s. Cross correlation between SST and OLR in South Java and Banda Sea results a strong corre-lation during MJO active phase, where MJO took  place first and was then followed by the decreasing SST along the equatorial region. Increasing chlorophyll-a concentration occured at some areas du-ring MJO active phase with relatively short phase delay. During the MJO active phase, fluctuation of wind velocity generates variation over mixed layer depth and triggers upwelling /entrainment. Nutri-ent was upwelled to the water surface and hence increase phytoplankton production and chlorophyll-a concentration. Keywords: Madden Julian Oscillation, OLR, sea surface temperature, surface chlorophyll-a
GROWTH IN NURSERY AND GROW-OUT PHASES OF WHITE SHRIMP AFTER IMMERSED IN RECOMBINANT GIANT GROUPER GROWTH HORMONE
Authors: Saputra Aulia , Carman Odang , Alimuddin .
Published: January 2018

The growth of white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) can be improved by using recombinant fish growth hormone through immersion. This research was performed to evaluate the white shrimp growth at nursery and grow-out phases after recombinant giant grouper growth hormone (rElGH) immersion. Shrimp were immersed at different stages in one liter seawater containing 15 mg rElGH for two hours. At the nursery stage 30,000 PL4 that previously immersed at nauplius stage (treatment A1), at PL4 (treatment B1) and control without rElGH immersion (K1) were reared in fiber tanks containing 750 L seawater for 8 days. At the grow-out phase, 100 PL11 that have been immersed in rElGH solution at nauplius stage (treatment A2), at PL4 (B2), PL11 (C2) and control without rElGH immersion (K2) were separately reared in fiber tanks containing 750 L seawater for 55 days. Each treatment consisted of three replications. The results showed that at the end of the nursery phase, B1 treatment increased 19% of body length, 30.2% of the body weight and decreased the coefficient of length variation 34.9% compared to control K1 (P<0.05). At the grow-out phase, C2 treatment enhanced 38.2% of body weight and 32% of biomass compared with control K2 (P<0.05). Thus, hatchery is better to immerse PL4, and the farmer should used rElGH-immersed PL11 for growing-out.Keywords: growth promoting, nursery, grow out, Litopenaeus vannamei, rElGH
SUSTAINABILITY STATUS OF MANGROVE ECOSYSTEM MANAGEMENT IN SEMBILANG NATIONAL PARK, BANYUASIN REGENCY, SOUTH SUMATERA PROVINCE
Authors: Theresia . , Boer Mennofatria , Pratiwi Niken T.M
Published: January 2018

he utilization of mangrove in Sembilang National Park area has increased lately so that it is necessary to assess the sustainability of the mangrove ecosystem management in the region. The study was conducted in March-April 2015. The research location was in the National Park Sembilang, Banyuasin Regency, South Sumatra. The study used primary data and secondary data collections. The primary data were collected from direct observation of mangrove vegetation and via directs interviews of 86 respondents using purposive sampling method. The sustainability status and recommendations for management strategies were determined using Multi Dimensional Scaling (MDS) method approaching by RAPFISH (Rapid Assessment Technique for Fisheries).Current sustainabilitystatus of mangrove management in Sembilang National Park, Banyuasin Regency, South Sumatra was "less sustainable" with multidimensional sustainability index of 49.81. Priority attributes that need to be fixed in order to improve the status of sustainable management of mangrove ecosystems in the region were area changes, local knowledge, conflict of interest, and local wisdom. Alternative strategy priority for mangrove ecosystem management in the region was the empowerment of local community for sustainable mangrove utilization. Keywords: sembilang national park, RAPMANGROVE, mangrove ecosystem management
DENSITY AND DIVERSITY OF SEAWEED IN WEDA BAY WATERS, NORTH MOLLUCAS PROVINCE
Authors: Arfah Hairati , Papalia Saleh
Published: January 2018

The study on seaweed density and diversity in many substrates was conducted in Weda Bay waters, North Mollucas in 2013. The objectives of this research was to determine the density and diversity of seaweed in many different substrates and to determine the relationship of substrate types and seaweed density and diversity in Weda Bay waters. Data were collected using quadrate transect method and collections. The result showed that the coastal area of Batlol, Weda Bay contained higher density and diversity of macroalgae than other locations with 35 species of 24 families consisting of 14 species of red macroalgae, 12 species of green algae, and 9 species of brown algae. The dominan families of macroalgae were Gracilaria, Acanthophora, Caulerpa, Halimeda, Sargassum, and Turbinaria. The dominant difference of macroalgae in each location was caused by differences in habitat type, e.q., habitat in Batlol consisted of fragments of dead coral, sand, little living coral with vegetation seaweed that dominated by Thalasia hemprizii and Symodacea rotundata. While habitat conditions at other locations experienced severe damage that dominated by chunks of dead coral, dead coral rubble, and sand. Environmental conditions in study regions were considered to be in a good condition to support macro-algae growth.Keywords: seaweed, macro algae, substrate, density, diversity, Weda Bay
BIOACCUMULATION OF ORGANOCHLORINES PESTICIDES (OCP) COMPOUND IN GREEN MUSSELLS (Perna viridis) IN JAKARTA BAY
Authors: Edward .
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACTThe green mussel, Perna viridis can be used to determine bioaccumulation levels of organochlorine pesticides in a marine environment. Measurements on pesticide organochlorine concentration in green mussels (Perna viridis) were conducted in March and  May 2013. The purpose of this research was to determine the bioaccumulation level of organochlorine pesticides in green mussels which were  cultivated in Jakarta Bay. The samples were collected in Jakarta Bay in March and May 2013. The organochlorine pesticides concentration were measured  by gas chromatography HP 5890 series II. The results showed that the average concentration of organochlorine pesticides in the small size of green mussells was 12.842 ppb, in the medium size was 27.065 ppb, and in the big size was 108.646 ppb. These concentrations were still lower than safety threshold limit value for seafood stated by EPA (Environment Protection Agency) i.e., 1,500 ppb. The comparation between organochlorine pesticide concentration in seawater and organochlorine pesticide in green mussels (bioaccumulation factor) were 2,140 for small green mussel, 4,510 for medium green mussel, and 18,107 for big green mussels, respectively.Keywords: bioaccumulation, green musselss, organochlorine pesticide, Jakarta Bay
DISTRIBUTION OF SEAGRASSES IN INNER AMBON BAY
Authors: Irawan Andri , Nganro Noorsalam R.
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACTExcessive sedimentation in Inner Ambon Bay (IAB) is alleged to cause the degradation of seagrass ve-getation in the area. To get a clearer picture about the matter, we conducted a field study in October 2010 - January 2011 to describe the distribution and density of seagrass at several locations in IAB with different conditions of sedimentation levels. Data were collected using transects perpendicular to the coastline along the seagrass vegetation. The results showed that there were six species of seagrass which were spreaded unevenly. At the locations with high sedimentation, we found the formation of monospecies seagrass vegetation. Conversely, at the locations with low sedimentation, we found the formation of multispecies seagrass vegetation. The distribution and abundance of each species was related to the differences of seagrasses ability to grow in a certain environment and the compe-titiveness among them. Keywords: sedimentation, distribution, seagrass, Inner Ambon Bay
WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS BUOY FOR COASTAL WATERS OBSERVATION
Authors: Hidayat Rizqi Rizaldi , Jaya Indra , Hestirianoto Totok
Published: January 2018

The availability of data in real time and continuous is important to monitor in environmental change as early as possible. Wireless sensor networks (WSN) offer a new paradigm in the field of oceanography that can measure the parameters of complex marine environment using a moored buoy. This paper described design of a data transmission system with a moored buoy and tested the performance of WSN instrument based on ZigBee protocol radio module for monitoring coastal water environment in real time. Instruments were divided into two i.e., (1) five sensors served to measure sea surface temperature, stored the data, and transmitted the data to the base station, and (2) a coordinating instrument that placed on the bases station served to receive and record all measurement results of each sensor. The testing was done by deploying the instrument sensors in waters with depths of 2 to 5 meters and a coordinating instrument was located on the ground as a base station. Each instrument's sensor measure sea surface temperature, store, and transmit it to other nearby sensors and forward data to the next sensor and then to the next sensor send it to the base station. The Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR) value wa used as an indicator to determine the instrument performance and the values were from 89.69% up to 100% with transmission range up to 430 meter and battery endurance was up to 26 hours. The result showed that a buoy moored instrument based on WSN ZigBee radio module protocol has the potential for monitoring coastal water environment in a real time. Keywords: mooring buoy, wsn, zigbee
POTENTIAL USE OF Ulva lactuca AS FEED INGREDIENT FOR TILAPIA
Authors: Mahasu Nur Hikma , Jusadi Dedi , Setiawati Mia , Giri I Nyoman Adi Asmara
Published: January 2018

Due to the mainly imported for fish feed ingredients in Indonesia, many attemps have been made to discover local potential ingredients to reduce the utilization of imported ingredients. In this experiment, the utilization of Ulva lactuca as feed ingredient for tilapia was evaluated. Experiment 1 was conducted to determine the digestibility of Ulva for tilapia. In experiment 2 and 3, Ulva was used to substitute wheat pollard of either 0, 3, 6, 9, or 12 % in the feed formulation. In experiment 2, fish with an average body weight of 4.1±0.15 g were fed on those diets, and were cultured for 55 days. To calculate the digestibity in experiment 3, Cr2O3 was added into the diet of exeriment 2; then fed on the fish with an average body weight of 19.0±0.67 g. Results showed that apparent digestibility of dry matter and crude protein of Ulva were 66.3 and 83 %, respectively. Ash content in the diet increased of 13.5% with Ulva inclusion of 12%. On the other hand, using Ulva as a substitute for pollard up to 12% was not affected the growth performance of fish. Regardless of the Ulva level in the diet, the digestibility of the diet was the same. Therefore, Ulva is a potential source of local feed ingredient for tilapia. Keywords: Ulva lactuca, tilapia, digestibility, growth
PLANKTON COMMUNITY STRUCTURE OF TRADITIONAL AND INTENSIVE BRACKISHWATER PONDS IN PROBOLINGGO REGENCY, EAST JAVA PROVINCE
Authors: Utojo . , Mustafa Akhmad
Published: January 2018

This experiment aimed to determine the plankton community structure in intensive and traditional ponds of  Probolinggo Regency, East Java Province. Plankton collected with plankton net size of 60 μm and preserved with lugol 1%. Water qualities such as temperature, transparancy, salinity, dis-solved oxygen, pH, total organic matter, NO2-N, NO3-N, NH3-N, PO4-P, and total suspended solids were measured and analysed in this study. Planktons were identified using microscopy. Cells were counted using cell counting method. The results showed that in intensive pond we found 16 species of phytoplankton and 7 species of zooplankton with abundance 570-1.808 ind./L, while in traditional ponds, we found 10 species of phytoplankton and 3 species of  zooplankton with abundance  134-776 ind./L. The dominant species of phytoplankton in the intensive and traditional ponds were Navicula sp andNitzschia sp, each of Bacillariophyceae class with abundance of 423 ind./L and 198 ind./L, res-pectively. Zooplankton species in intensive pond was copepod sp, while in traditional  one was Oitho-na sp, each of Crustaceae class with abundance of  66 ind./L and 37 ind./L, respectively. Diversity and abundance of plankton in intensive pond was higher than in the traditional ponds. The water quality in intensive pond was optimal so that the response to the absorption of  N and P inorganic by phyto-plankton was quicker and more effective than in traditional pond producing an increase in plankton communities. The increase value of NO3-N and total suspended solids in intensive pond caused the in-crease abundance of Navicula sp.  The high value of NH3-N caused the abundance of Navicula sp to decline. The high values of dissolved oxygen, pH, total suspended solid, and NH3-N in traditional pond can decrease the Nitzschia sp abundance.  Keywords: plankton communities, intensive and traditional ponds, Probolinggo, East Java
THE EFFECT OF STOCK DENSITY OF GOLDEN-MOUTH TURBAN (Turbo chysostomus, L.) ON THEIR SURVIVAL AND GROWTH UNDER AIR WATER LIFT SYSTEM
Authors: Hamzah M.S.
Published: January 2018

Golden-mouth turban (Turbo chrysostumus, L.) belongs to the phylum of molluscs that inhabits coral reef ecosystem in group. Golden-mouth turban normally uses algae for their food. Study on survival and growth of the juvenile golden-mouth turban focussing on different density under air water lift sys-tem is still limited. This study was conducted on 7 January – 6 May,  2015, in a laboratory to observe the effect of different density on the survival and growth of golden-mouth turban under air water lift system. Based on the analyses of variance (ANOVA), there was no significant different (P>0.05) on mortality rate for different stock density treatment (5 ind., 10 ind., 15 ind., and 20 ind. each in 10 liter water volume). However, based on growth rate, the density of 5 individuals produced the highest monthly growth rate of 1.88 mm/month of shell height, 1.18 mm/month of mouth opening, and 1.1 gr/month of wet weight with the highest daily mean food absorption of 91.55 %. For all treatment, the correlation of shell height and wet body weight exhibited a similar growth pattrern i.e., allometry minor (b<3). Ketwords: Survival, growth, golden-mouth turban (Turbo chrysostumus), stocking density, air water lift system.
MARINE TOURISM SUSTAINABILITY DEVELOPMENT IN MARINE RECREATIONAL PARK ANAMBAS ISLAND
Authors: Kurniawan Rika , Yulianda Fredinan , Susanto Handoko Adi
Published: January 2018

Mantang  Besar and Mantang Kecil islands contain marine resources that can be developed for ma-rine tourism activities. For the above purpose, a study is needed to assess the potential of the islands. The objectives of this study were: (1) to analyze the sustainability potential of marine tourism on Man-tang Besar and Mantang Kecil islands and (2) to determine the policy and strategy to develop marine tourism in Mantang Besar and Mantang Kecil islands. Multi-Criteria Analysis (MCA) with Rapid Appraisal Index Sustainability of Ecotourism approach was used for the sustainability analysis of the marine tourism potential in both islands. The results showed that the sustainability status of marine tourism potential on Mantang Besar and Mantang Kecil islands for A dimension (ecology) was in ave-rage of 50.4592 within the category of sustainable, for B dimension (socio-economic) with average of 31.6113 within the category of less sustainable, and C dimension (institutional-technology) with ave-rage of 32.5581 wihtin the category of less sustainable. For the succes of the strategy development, B dimension should be prioritized and followed by B and C dimensions.                                                                                   Keywords: MCA, marine tourism development strategy, Anambas islands
COMMUNITY STRUCTURE ECHINODERMS (ASTEROIDEA, OPHIUROIDEA, ECHINOIDEA AND HOLOTHUROIDEA) IN THE MARINE NATIONAL PARK EAST SULAWESI WAKATOBI
Authors: Yusron Eddy
Published: January 2018

A study on Echinoderms community structure in marine national parks of Wakatobi, Southeast Sulawesi was conducted in six locations, i.e., Waha Beach, Coastal Sombo, Beach Houses, Beach Kapota, Banakawa beach, and Umala beach in October 2013. All of the six parks were located the Wakatobi territorial waters with coordinates of 5°06'25" S and 123°124'10 E. The results showed of 18 species of echinoderms representing six different types of Asteroidea, two types of Ophiuroidea, six types of Echinoidea, and four types of Holothuroidea. Group of starfish or Asteroidea was the most prominent on seagrass area. Based on the six transects sites, it turned out that the group of starfish (Asteridea) occupied a relatively high level of species richness. From the quantitative analysis values, we obtained diversity index (H) of 1.105 in Sombu, the highest evenness index (J) of 0.989 was found in Umala, and the highest species richness index values (D) of 0.132 was obtained in kapota. It seemed that all echinoderm groups were generally like seagrass microhabitat (12 types). While, sand and dead coral habitats were only occupied by 8 (eight) echinoderm groups. Keywords: echinoderms, diversity, Wakatobi, Southeast Sulawesi
OCEANOGRAPHY AND WATER QUALITY CONDITION IN SEVERAL WATERS OF THOUSAND ISLANDS AND ITS SUITABILITY FOR WHITE SHRIMP Litopenaeus vannamei CULTURE
Authors: Effendi Irzal , Suprayudi Muhammad Agus , Nurjaya I Wayan , Surawidjaja Enang Harris , Supriyono Eddy , Junior Muhammad Zairin , Sukenda .
Published: January 2018

The purposes of this study were to determine oceanographic and water quality parameters and their suitability for white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei culture. The measurements were carried out on dry season in Semak Daun Island, Karya Island, and Panggang Island waters of Thousand Islands, with areas of 315.0, 12.0, and 102.8 ha, water depth average of 4.6 m (0.5-28.1 m), 14.6 m (0.5-26.7 m), and 5.3 m (0.8-13.6 m), mean current water velocity of  12.9, 12.7, and 13.5 cm/second, respectively.  In the study areas, we found a diurnal tidal pattern with high wave in January and July-August.  Based on temperature, salinity, and water density in Semak Daun Island waters, there seemingly occurred a turn over indicating a good water circulation, while in Panggang Island and Karya Island waters tended to have a stratification. Generaly, water qualities in the study areas were in the op-timum range for white shrimp culture, i.e., temperature of 29.6-30.8oC, turbidity of 0.10-1.05 NTU, transparency of 5.8-9.7 m, total suspended solid of <8 mg/L, total dissolved solid of 20-164 mg/L, pH of 6.89-7.22, salinity of 32.2-32.3, dissolved oxygen of 5.8-10.8 mg/L, ammonia of 0.068-0.145 mg/L, nitrate 1.247-2.589 mg/L, and phosphate  of 1.021-2.352 mg/L. Moreover, in Semak Daun Island wa-ters, we found the highest suitability for white shrimp culture due to its better water circulation.Keywords: mariculture, coral reef waters, strait, water current, turnover, stratification.
GROW OUT AND EVALUATION OF FIRST GENERATION (F1) OF PROSPECTIVE HUMPBACK GROUPER Cromileptes altivelis BROODSTOCK
Authors: Tridjoko . , Wardana Ida Komang , Muzaki Ahmad
Published: January 2018

During this time the humpback grouper broodstock spawning that comes from nature. Efforts to provide humpback grouper fish from cultured (F1) has been conducted and it has been spawn.  The purpose of this study was to determine the quality of broodstock first generation (F1) with a good maintenance management and monitoring evaluation of character growth, gonad development, and genetic characteristics through microsatelite marker.  Broodstock reared in concrete tank volume of 75 m3 with three different of hormonal implantation treatments: (1) estradiol, (2) 17α-methyltestosterone (MT), (3) a mixture of 17α-Methyl-testosterone by aromatase inhibitors, and control. The observed parameters were growth, gonad development, reproductive hormones in the blood composition and the performance of genetic through microsatellite analysis. The results showed that the humpback grouper F1 implantation treatment by methyl testosterone and estradiol showed good growth with an average body weight at the end of the observed ranged from 680 ± 60.5 to 820 ± 76,5g with an average body length of 34 -36 cm. In individual control growth better because during the maintenance of the population is not implanted. Analyses of testosterone and estradiol in the blood plasma showed that 40% of individuals in the population were males. Microsatellite analysis showed that F1 fish had good genetic variation (0.778-1.000) so that it can be used as broodstock candidate.
GROW OUT CULTURE OF CORAL TROUT Plectropomu leopardus IN FLOATING NET CAGES WITH DIFFERENT FEEDING FREQUENCIES
Authors: Setiawati Ketut Maha , Zafran . , Kusumawati Daniar
Published: January 2018

A study on the effect of feeding frequency on coral trout culture Plectropomus leopardus was conducted in floating net cages. The aim of this study was to determine an optimum feeding frequency for better growth rate and feed conversion ratio. The experiment was divided into two stages, i.e.; using fish with a range of body weight of 24 to 100 g (1st stage), and fish with a range of 100 to150 g (2nd stage). The first stage, consisted of four treatments of feeding frequencies, i.e. four times a day (4/1), three times a day (3/1), twice a day (2/1), and once a day (1/1). For the second stage experiment, the treatments applied were, three times a day (3/1), twice a day (2/1), once a day (1/1), and once in two days (1/2). Each treatment was in triplicate. At each feeding time, experimental fish were fed with dry pellets to apparent satiation. Both first and second experimental stages showed that the treatments of twice a day (2/1) feeding frequency attained significantly higher growth rates and lower feed conversion ratios than other treatments (P<0.05). Survival rate at the first stage (4/1), three times a day (3/1), twice a day (2/1), higher than (1/1) (P<0.05). But in the second stage the survival rate is not significant. The most optimum feeding frequencies for this species is 2/1 for the fish of 24 to 150 g BW.
REPRODUCTION BIOLOGY OF GOLDBAND GOATFISH Upeneus moluccensis Bleeker, 1855 IN SUNDA STRAIT
Authors: Sarumaha Herman , Kurnia Rahmat , Setyobudiandi Isdradjad
Published: January 2018

This research was to analyze the reproduction biology of the goldband goatfish in the Sunda Strait as a reference for appropriate and sustainable management. Sampling was collected from April to August 2015. The samples from Sunda Strait were obtained from the fisherman yielded in the Coastal Fishing Port Labuan, Pandeglang, Banten Province. The sample was analyzed in Fisheries Biology Laboratory, Aquatic Resources Management Department, Fisheries and Marine Science Faculty, Bogor Agricultural University. Fish samples were measured, weighed and dissected, then morphologically observed for the reproductive organs. Samples obtained during the research were 811 specimen with the total length of 82-219 mm. Sex ratio among females and males were 1.5:1. The size at first maturity of females and males were 124 mm and 120 mm, respectively. Females were dominated by gonad maturity stage III and I, while for males dominated by gonad maturity stage I and II. Based on the composition of the TKG and IKG values each month, spawning season of the goldband goatfish in the Sunda Strait occurred in April and August. Fecundity obtained ranged 955-59.356 eggs with partial spawning type.
CORAL REEF ECOSYSTEM VULNERABILITY INDEX TO OIL SPILL: CASE OF PRAMUKA ISLAND AND BELANDA ISLAND IN SERIBU ISLANDS
Authors: Suhery Noveldesra , Damar Ario , Effendi Hefni
Published: January 2018

Vulnerability analysis is one of the methods for determining effective management of coastal and marine resources. Seribu islands potentially affected due to oil spills. The oil spills incident in this area caused by shipwreck from traffic on Tanjung Priok port and ALKI 1, as well as accident of petroleum exploration and exploitation. At least, oil spills in Seribu Islands have been recorded since 2003, 2004, 2006, 2007 and 2008. This study aims to calculate the vulnerability index of Pramuka island and Belanda island in the Seribu Islands. This research was conducted by using a theoretical approach of vulnerability (V), which is a function of exposure (E), sensitivity (S) and adaptive capacity (AC). The parameters in exposure category are tidal type, tidal range, wave height, substrat type, and water depth. Parameters in sensitivity category are growth type of reef, slope, protected ecosystem, coverage percentage, coral density, protected species, and fish abundance. Parameters in adaptive capacity are oil spill contingency system, conservation institution, community response, and economic dependence. Data of each parameter were transformed into a score ranging from 1 to 5. The formula of vulnerability index using addition and subtraction model where; V = E + S – AC.  The results indicate that Seribu Islands have vulnerability status from moderate to high, which 4.15 for Pramuka island and 6.39 for Belanda island.  Keywords: vulnerability index, Seribu islands, coral reef, oil spill
GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF TRANSFECTION TIGER SHRIMP BROODSTOCK Penaeus monodon IN DIFFERENT GENERATION
Authors: Suwoyo Hidayat Suryanto , Sahabuddin .
Published: January 2018

Diseases resistant genes assemblage for tiger shrimp has been initiated by The Research Institute for Coastal Aquaculture in collaboration with Bogor Agricultural Institute, through transgenesis approach under anti-virus genes transfection. The  study aimed to evaluate the growth performance of broodstock candidates of tiger shrimp at different generati on (F0 and F1). This research was  conducted at 2000 m2size of four ponds in Takalar Regency, South Sulawesi..  The treatment was  different generations of broodstocks, which were: broodstocks originated from F0generation, (A) and F1 (B). The 22.63 to 28.57 g of broodstock candidates were stocked 0.5 ind.m-2 and then reared for 128 days. During rearing period, these shrimp were fed usingcommercial pelleted feed with content 36-38% of protein in dosage of 10-4%/  body weight. Feeding frequency was applied in the morning and in the evening. Measured variables were growth, size distribution, survival rate  and water quality The results indicated that the performances of these shrimps, growth, size distributions as well as survival rates between these F0 and F1 were not significantly different (p>0.05). The growth pattern was relatively equal between treatment  during rearing period. Survival rate of tiger  shrimp in this study ranged from 51.7 to 73.35%. This study have implications on the provision of superior broodstock shrimp in ponds in order to support the sustainability of shrimp seed production in hatchery. Keywords: broodstock, production, transgenic,  tiger shrimp
CONTAMINATION OF Cd AND Pb ON MILKFISH Chanos chanos CULTURED IN SERIBU ISLANDS, JAKARTA
Authors: Riani Etty , Johari Harry Sudrajat , Cordova Muhammad Reza
Published: January 2018

Seribu Islands located in the north of Jakarta Bay; it is potentially polluted by heavy metal such as Cd and Pb. The aims of this study is to prove contamination presumption, by analyzing and determine correlation Cd and Pb concentration in the sediment, in the water and on milkfish Chanos chanos cultured in this area. On this study, we collected water quality data (pH, temperature, dissolve oxygen and salinity) and heavy metals contamination (Cd and Pb) in the sediment, in the water and on milkfish.  We compare collected data with quality standar and correlate heavy metal concentration between in the water and in the sediment; in the water and on milkfish organ; and, in the sediment and on milkfish organ.  In general, water quality is sufficient enough to support the life of farmed milkfish. Cd and Pb contamination level in the water lied below the quality standard of Ministry of Environment decree No. 51/2004 in the last April and July. However, the contamination exceeds the standard in the last October. The contamination in sediment lied below RNO (1981), EPA (1999) and IACD/CEDA (1997). Gills, viscera and the meat of the milkfish are contaminated with Cd and Pb, yet, still lied below the quality standard of Ministry of Environment Decree No. 51/2004. The results showed that farmed milkfish in Thousand Islands are safe to eat. We also found that the correlation of Cd and Pb contamination between water and sediment is positive. The correlation of Cd is much higher than Pb. The correlation of Cd between water and viscera as well as between sediment and viscera are the most closely related than any other organ.  Keywords: contamination, Cd, farming, milkfish, Pb, Seribu Islands
SUSTAINABILITY ANALYSIS OF MANGROVE ECOSYSTEM FOR ECOFISHERYTOURISM IN SIDOARJO LUMPUR ISLAND
Authors: Prasenja Yanelis , Alamsyah Abimanyu Takdir , Bengen Dietriech G.
Published: January 2018

Sidoarjo Lumpur Island is an artificial island created as a solution to the handling of sediment deposition in Porong River Estuary as a result of the mudflow which flowed into the sea via the Porong River. Lumpur Island is currently utilized as a habitat for mangrove ecosystem extension as well as a site for  aquaculture with wanamina system (silvofishery). Ecofisherytourism is a way to utilize mangrove ecosystem for ponds silvofishery based on educational and economic approach to achieve the welfare of society. In addition, ecofisherytourism has a direct  benefit of preserving nature and the environment. The research objective was to evaluate the condition of the mangrove ecosystem and analyze the physical condition of the Sidoarjo Lumpur Island as a reference in developing the island as ecofisherytourism region. The methods used were a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods. Data were collected through analysis of aerial photographs, field measurements, observation and documentation. Mangrove ecosystem conditions in Lumpur Island was classified as good  to be utilized as ecotourism and fisherytourism . The highest elevation of the island is the tidal zone where mangroves grow well.                                                                                          Keywords: ecofisherytourism, mangrove, silvofishery
ECONOMIC IMPACT FROM PLASTIC DEBRIS ON SELAYAR ISLAND, SOUTH SULAWESI
Authors: Hermawan Roni , Damar Ario , Hariyadi Sigid
Published: January 2018

Sampah plastik dalam jumlah besar terdeposit di pesisir Pulau Selayar yang berhadapan langsung dengan Laut Jawa selama musim barat. Sampah plastik telah menimbulkan dampak sosial dan ekonomi bagi nelayan di Pulau Selayar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji komposisi, kepadatan dan sebaran dari sampah plastik; dampak terhadap sosial dan ekonomi. Metode transek garis digunakan dalam penelitian ini untuk menentukan jumlah dan sebaran sampah plastik. Ukuran sampah plastik yang diamati adalah >2,5 cm dikategorikan sebagai sampah makro. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada Februari sampai Maret 2016. Dampak sampah plastik menurunkan pendapatan dari pariwisata, industri perikanan, mengganggu operasi penangkapan ikan, memerlukan pembersihan dan perbaikan pada alat langkap. Biaya yang dikeluarkan untuk perbaikan dan pembersihan kapal ikan sekitar 192,9 juta rupiah tiap tahun dan perbaikan alat tangkap 156,2 juta rupiah per tahun. Sampah plastik terdiri dari botol plastik, gelas plastik, tali dan jaring ikan, korek gas, keranjang plastik, pelampung, kemasan plastik, sikat gigi dan alat suntik. Rata-rata sampah plastik adalah 9,5 ± 2,7 item/m2 dan berat sekitar  229,2 ± 109,9 g/m2.Kata kunci: dampak, manajemen, Pulau Selayar, sampah plastik,                              sosial-ekonomi
IDENTIFIKASI JENIS PADA KEJADIAN CETACEA TERDAMPAR DI INDONESIA DENGAN TEKNIK MOLEKULER
Authors: Yusmalinda Ni Luh Astria , Anggoro Aji Wahyu , Suhendro Dio Maulid , Ratha I Made Jaya , Suprapti Dwi , Kreb Danielle , Cahyani Ni Kadek Dita
Published: January 2018

Kasus Cetacea atau Paus dan Lumba-lumba terdampar di Indonesia sejak berapa tahun terakhir ini semakin sering terungkap dan ditangani oleh banyak pihak. Data dari Whale Stranding Indonesia (WSI) mencatat 40 kasus Cetacea terdampar di berbagai tempat di Indonesia selama tahun 2016 hingga bulan Februari 2017. Salah satu kendala bagi para penyelamat di lapangan adalah sulitnya mengidentifikasi jenis secara morfologi karena pada beberapa kasus, individu yang terdampar tidak dalam kondisi utuh. WSI mencatat lebih dari 21% jenis pada kejadian Cetacea terdampar di Indonesia, tidak teridentifikasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan memperkenalkan pendekatan genetika molekuler dalam mengidentifikasi jenis pada Cetacea terdampar. Gen Control Region dari DNA mitokondria diamplifikasi dengan menggunakan metode Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Data sekuen dibandingkan dengan data di genebank dan dilihat persentase kesamaannya. Penelitian ini menggunakan 36 sampel individu dan 26 diantaranya teramplifikasi dengan panjang basa berkisar antara 445-490 bp (base pair). Metode molekuler berhasil mengidentifikasi 15 spesies dan 13 genus Cetacea yang diambil dari beberapa tempat di Indonesia. Studi ini menunjukkan bahwa teknik genetika molekuler dapat dijadikan metode untuk mengidentifikasi jenis dari Cetacea, terutama mamalia terdampar yang sulit untuk diidentifikasi secara morfologi. Data molekuler yang dihasilkan dapat melengkapi database yang ada di Indonesia serta menjadi penunjang bagi penelitian tentang keragaman genetik dan hubungan antar populasi mamalia akuatik di Indonesia.