bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Healthcare as Ugly Feeling in Hans Sloane's Voyage
Authors: Todd Lilith
Published: February 2024

Abstract: Hans Sloane's A Voyage to the Islands Madera, Barbados, Nieves, S. Christophers and Jamaica (1707–25) exemplifies the collecting that would make him famous, includes evidence of the medical practice responsible for some of his wealth and fame, and has served as a key text for scholars puzzling out the relationship between museums, healthcare, empire building, and racial slavery in the Caribbean. This essay examines the strange style that this text and other natural histories adopt, with their long, clunky, repetitive, plain, and sometimes downright boring descriptions of weather, plants, animals, and minerals—and, more alarmingly, human beings, their lives, their bodies, and their suffering. Sianne Ngai's concept of "stuplimity" can help us describe the effects of this tedium, which both awes and shocks with its length, repetitions, and taxonomies and leaves an open feeling akin to the sublime. I further argue that this feeling has embodied consequences that are clear from Sloane's medical case studies. I term this particularly medical aesthetic a "quotidian fever." The term itself refers to regularly occurring but untreatable fevers and embeds within it both the tedium and the possibilities of "the quotidian." The incurability of these fevers—both for patients and on the page—is not overcome, but rather remains incurable because of the imperial world-building enacted by Sloane and represented by his style.
Venice's Amazon? Giustina Renier Michiel's Strategic Accommodation of Occupying Forces
Authors: Dalton Susan
Published: February 2024

Abstract: Giustina Renier Michiel, one of the most prolific female authors of early nineteenth-century Italy, is often remembered and celebrated as a Venetian patriot. During her lifetime, however, her literary identity was neither singular nor completely cohesive. Indeed, reading her manuscript writing alongside her more famous publications (including her history of Venetian festivals) illustrates the delicate balance Italian authors needed to maintain in order to ensure their continued literary success in a period marked by multiple and rapid regime changes. While obliged to work within the power structures established by their new political overlords, they nonetheless needed to remain sensitive to the tastes of Italian readers, who were subjected to the political occupation of their territory. Renier Michiel's experience demonstrates how it was possible to balance patriotism, political deference, and professional self-promotion with the goal of establishing a lasting cultural legacy.
Effects of a UV absorber in silica-loaded resin on DLP silica fiber preform fabrication
Authors: Kong Jing , Wang Jiaying , Han Qingqin , Li Guanghao , Peng Gang-Ding
Published: February 2024

3D printing technologies have distinguished advantages in manufacturing arbitrary shapes and complex structures that have attracted us to use digital light processing (DLP) technology for specialty silica optical fiber preforms. One of the main tasks is to develop an appropriate recipe for DLP resin that is UV sensitive and loaded with silica nanoparticles. In this work, the effects of a UV absorber in highly silica-loaded resin on DLP printing are experimentally investigated. Spot tests and DLP printing are carried out on resins with varying dosages of a typical UV absorber, Sudan Orange G. Based on the experimental results, the UV absorber can significantly improve the resolution of DLP printed green bodies while requiring a larger exposure dose.
Self-attention CNN for retinal layer segmentation in OCT
Authors: Cao Guogang , Wu Yan , Peng Zeyu , Zhou Zhilin , Dai Cuixia
Published: February 2024

The structure of the retinal layers provides valuable diagnostic information for many ophthalmic diseases. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) obtains cross-sectional images of the retina, which reveals information about the retinal layers. The U-net based approaches are prominent in retinal layering methods, which are usually beneficial to local characteristics but not good at obtaining long-distance dependence for contextual information. Furthermore, the morphology of retinal layers with the disease is more complex, which brings more significant challenges to the task of retinal layer segmentation. We propose a U-shaped network combining an encoder-decoder architecture and self-attention mechanisms. In response to the characteristics of retinal OCT cross-sectional images, a self-attentive module in the vertical direction is added to the bottom of the U-shaped network, and an attention mechanism is also added in skip connection and up-sampling to enhance essential features. In this method, the transformer's self-attentive mechanism obtains the global field of perception, thus providing the missing context information for convolutions, and the convolutional neural network also efficiently extracts local features, compensating the local details the transformer ignores. The experiment results showed that our method is accurate and better than other methods for segmentation of the retinal layers, with the average Dice scores of 0.871 and 0.820, respectively, on two public retinal OCT image datasets. To perform the layer segmentation of retinal OCT image better, the proposed method incorporates the transformer's self-attention mechanism in a U-shaped network, which is helpful for ophthalmic disease diagnosis.
PDMS-embedded wearable FBG sensors for gesture recognition and communication assistance
Authors: Xiao Kun , Wang Zhuo , Ye Yudong , Teng Chuanxin , Min Rui
Published: February 2024

This study introduces fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors embedded in polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) silicone elastomer specifically engineered for recognizing intricate gestures like wrist pitch, finger bending, and mouth movement. Sensors with different PDMS patch thicknesses underwent evaluation including thermal, tensile strain, and bending deformation characterization, demonstrating a stability of at least four months. Experiments revealed the FBG sensors’ accurate wrist pitch recognition across participants after calibration, confirmed by statistical metrics and Bland-Altman plots. Utilizing finger and mouth movements, the developed system shows promise in assisting post-stroke patients and individuals with disabilities, enhancing their interaction capabilities with the external surroundings.
Optical shift spectroscopy in two-dimensional materials
Authors: Zha Mingjie , Li Xiaofeng , Xu Enze , Yan Xiao-Qing , Zhou Xinxing , Jing Hui , Kuang Le-Man , Tian Jian-Guo , Liu Zhi-Bo
Published: February 2024

Optical beam shifts, such as the Goos–Hänchen (GH) shift and the Imbert–Fedorov (IF) shift, are fundamental optical phenomena. However, because these shifts are so minute, direct measurement is challenging, and obtaining an optical shift spectrum is even more difficult. Here, we successfully obtained GH and IF shift spectra using a beam displacement amplification technique. The optical shift spectrum of graphene shows very good agreement with the predicted results. Meanwhile, we observed two distinct peaks in the optical shift spectrum of WS2, corresponding to the A- and B-exciton transitions at the K-point in the Brillouin zone. More importantly, when graphene is stacked on WS2 to form a van der Waals heterostructure, the A-exciton characteristic of WS2 increases by an order of magnitude, which is essentially different from absorption and fluorescence spectra. Furthermore, refractive index change can be precisely captured by GH shift spectroscopy, which proves the optical shift spectrum to be an ideal candidate for a highly sensitive biosensor. Optical shift spectroscopy could enable new applications for nanophotonic devices and provide a platform for the study of intrinsic properties of two-dimensional materials, especially for van der Waals heterostructure.
Health systems impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on malaria control program implementation and malaria burden in Benin: A mixed-method qualitative and mathematical modelling and study
Authors: Hoi Amber Gigi , N’Tcha Ludovic K. , Duguay Claudia , Accrombessi Manfred , Akinro Bruno , Feng Cindy , Labonté Ronald , Protopopoff Natacha , Akogbeto Martin , Kulkarni Manisha A.
Published: February 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic has sent ripple effects across health systems and impacted the burden of many other diseases, such as malaria in sub-Saharan Africa. This study takes a mixed method approach to assess the impact of COVID-19 on malaria control programs in three rural communes in Benin. We conducted individual semi-structured interviews with key informants who play important roles in malaria control in Benin at three levels of the health system–national, health zone, and commune. Using a purposive sampling technique, informants were interviewed regarding their roles in malaria control, the impact of the pandemic on their activities, and the mitigation strategies adopted. Relevant themes were identified by content analysis. We then formulated an agent-based model of malaria epidemiology to assess the impacts of treatment disruption on malaria burden. The key informant interviews revealed that essential aspects of malaria control were upheld in Benin due to the close collaboration of public health practitioners and health care providers at all levels of the health system. There were some disruptions to case management services for malaria at the start of the pandemic due to the public avoiding health centers and a brief shortage of malaria treatment that may not be entirely attributable to the pandemic. Results from the agent-based model suggest that duration, severity, and timing of treatment disruption can impact malaria burden in a synergistic manner, though the effects are small given the relatively mild disruptions observed. This study highlights the importance of top-down leadership in health emergencies, as well as the critical role of community health workers in preventing negative health outcomes for their communities. We also showcased the integration of qualitative research and mathematical models–an underappreciated form of mixed methods research that offer immense value in the continued evaluation of rapidly evolving health emergencies.
Chemotaxis response and age-stage, two-sex life table of the Cheilomenes sexmaculata (Fabricius) (Coccinellidae: Coleoptera) against different aphid species
Authors: Safeer Hafiz Muhammad , Ishfaq Aimen , Mukhtar Adeel , Batool Muazzama , Zaka Syed Muhammad , Tajdar Alia , Saood Ahmad , Shah Zuraiz Ali , Shah Zaib Muhammad , Abbas Khalid , Altaf Muhammad Usama
Published: February 2024

The Cheilomenes sexmaculata (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), is one of the most beneficial and identifiable predators of numerous soft-bodied and sucking insect pests of several crops. Biological parameters and olfactory response of C. sexmaculata were investigated under laboratory conditions by providing three different aphid species i.e., mustard aphid (Lipaphis erysimi Kaltenbach), citrus black aphid (Toxoptera citricida Kirkaldy), and peach aphid (Diuraphis noxia Kurdjumov) as a food source. The developmental period of immature stages of C. sexmaculata was shorter on D. noxia as compared to other aphid species. The adult longevities were longer on D. noxia and T. citricida while shorter on L. erysimi. Female fecundity was highest on D. noxia while lowest on L. erysimi. Life table parameters i.e., intrinsic rate of increase (r), finite rate of increase (λ), net reproductive rate (Ro), and gross reproductive rate (GRR) were maximum on D. noxia while minimum on L. erysimi. The mean generation time C. sexmaculata was 20.90, 23.69, and 26.2 days on D. noxia, L. erysimi, T. and citricida, respectively. These findings were further confirmed from the olfactory experiment where D. noxia proved to be the most preferred prey. This study provides necessary information for mass-rearing of C. sexmaculata.
Left ventricle function and post-transcriptional events with exercise training in pigs
Authors: Samani Stephanie L. , Barlow Shayne C. , Freeburg Lisa A. , Jones Traci L. , Poole Marlee , Sarzynski Mark A. , Zile Michael R. , Shazly Tarek , Spinale Francis G.
Published: February 2024

Background

Standardized exercise protocols have been shown to improve overall cardiovascular fitness, but direct effects on left ventricular (LV) function, particularly diastolic function and relation to post-transcriptional molecular pathways (microRNAs (miRs)) are poorly understood. This project tested the central hypothesis that adaptive LV remodeling resulting from a large animal exercise training protocol, would be directly associated with specific miRs responsible for regulating pathways relevant to LV myocardial stiffness and geometry.

Methods and results

Pigs (n = 9; 25 Kg) underwent a 4 week exercise training protocol (10 degrees elevation, 2.5 mph, 10 min, 5 days/week) whereby LV chamber stiffness (KC) and regional myocardial stiffness (rKm) were measured by Doppler/speckle tracking echocardiography. Age and weight matched non-exercise pigs (n = 6) served as controls. LV KC fell by approximately 50% and rKm by 30% following exercise (both p < 0.05). Using an 84 miR array, 34 (40%) miRs changed with exercise, whereby 8 of the changed miRs (miR-19a, miR-22, miR-30e, miR-99a, miR-142, miR-144, miR-199a, and miR-497) were correlated to the change in KC (r ≥ 0.5 p < 0.05) and mapped to matrix and calcium handling processes. Additionally, miR-22 and miR-30e decreased with exercise and mapped to a localized inflammatory process, the inflammasome (NLRP-3, whereby a 2-fold decrease in NLRP-3 mRNA occurred with exercise (p < 0.05).

Conclusion

Chronic exercise reduced LV chamber and myocardial stiffness and was correlated to miRs that map to myocardial relaxation processes as well as local inflammatory pathways. These unique findings set the stage for utilization of myocardial miR profiling to identify underlying mechanisms by which exercise causes changes in LV myocardial structure and function.
Mapping crown rust resistance in the oat diploid accession PI 258731 (Avena strigosa)
Authors: Chowdhury Rawnaq N. , Gordon Tyler , Babar Md. Ali , Harrison Stephen A. , Kianian Shahryar F. , Klos Kathy Esvelt
Published: February 2024

Oat crown rust, caused by Puccinia coronata Corda f. sp. avenae Eriks. (Pca), is a major biotic impediment to global oat production. Crown rust resistance has been described in oat diploid species A. strigosa accession PI 258731 and resistance from this accession has been successfully introgressed into hexaploid A. sativa germplasm. The current study focuses on 1) mapping the location of QTL containing resistance and evaluating the number of quantitative trait loci (QTL) conditioning resistance in PI 258731; 2) understanding the relationship between the original genomic location in A. strigosa and the location of the introgression in the A. sativa genome; 3) identifying molecular markers tightly linked with PI 258731 resistance loci that could be used for marker assisted selection and detection of this resistance in diverse A. strigosa accessions. To achieve this, A. strigosa accessions, PI 258731 and PI 573582 were crossed to produce 168 F5:6 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) through single seed descent. Parents and RILs were genotyped with the 6K Illumina SNP array which generated 168 segregating SNPs. Seedling reactions to two isolates of Pca (races TTTG, QTRG) were conditioned by two genes (0.6 cM apart) in this population. Linkage mapping placed these two resistant loci to 7.7 (QTRG) to 8 (TTTG) cM region on LG7. Field reaction data was used for QTL analysis and the results of interval mapping (MIM) revealed a major QTL (QPc.FD-AS-AA4) for field resistance. SNP marker assays were developed and tested in 125 diverse A. strigosa accessions that were rated for crown rust resistance in Baton Rouge, LA and Gainesville, FL and as seedlings against races TTTG and QTRG. Our data proposed SNP marker GMI_ES17_c6425_188 as a candidate for use in marker-assisted selection, in addition to the marker GMI_ES02_c37788_255 suggested by Rine’s group, which provides an additional tool in facilitating the utilization of this gene in oat breeding programs.
Machine learning and bioinformatic analyses link the cell surface receptor transcript levels to the drug response of breast cancer cells and drug off-target effects
Authors: Sinkala Musalula , Naran Krupa , Ramamurthy Dharanidharan , Mungra Neelakshi , Dzobo Kevin , Martin Darren , Barth Stefan
Published: February 2024

Breast cancer responds variably to anticancer therapies, often leading to significant off-target effects. This study proposes that the variability in tumour responses and drug-induced adverse events is linked to the transcriptional profiles of cell surface receptors (CSRs) in breast tumours and normal tissues. We analysed multiple datasets to compare CSR expression in breast tumours with that in non-cancerous human tissues. Our findings correlate the drug responses of breast cancer cell lines with the expression levels of their targeted CSRs. Notably, we identified distinct differences in CSR expression between primary breast tumour subtypes and corresponding cell lines, which may influence drug response predictions. Additionally, we used clinical trial data to uncover associations between CSR gene expression in healthy tissues and the incidence of adverse drug reactions. This integrative approach facilitates the selection of optimal CSR targets for therapy, leveraging cell line dose-responses, CSR expression in normal tissues, and patient adverse event profiles.
The influence of bootleg innovation on individual innovation performance: The mediating effect of cognitive flexibility and the moderating effect of leadership’s emotional intelligence
Authors: Gao Xiaoxiao , Wang Longmei , Lu Lei , Wu Weilin
Published: February 2024

Based Correctly handling the creativity of employees who have not been adopted is not only conducive to continuously stimulating employees’ creativity and improving individual innovation performance, but also conducive to making the best use of organizational resources. This study integrates conservation of resource theory (COR) and social information processing theory to explore the influence of bootleg innovation behavior in organizations on individual innovation performance, as well as the mediating role of cognitive flexibility and the moderating role of leadership emotional intelligence. A three-stage time-lagged research design is used to obtain a valid sample of 327 employees from China. The PROCESS macro for SPSS was applied to test the hypothesized relationships. Findings demonstrated that bootleg innovation is positively related to individual innovation performance; cognitive flexibility mediates the relationship between bootleg innovation and individual innovation performance. Moreover, leadership emotional intelligence moderates the relationship between bootleg innovation and individual innovation performance and between bootleg innovation and cognitive flexibility and between cognitive flexibility and individual innovation performance respectively. The conclusion of the study not only provides a theoretical basis for individuals and leaders to deal with employees’ creative abortion, but also provides a new thinking mode for how to maximize the effectiveness of unaccepted ideas and promote individual innovation performance.
Quo vadis, smallholder forest landscape? An introduction to the LPB-RAP model
Authors: Holler Sonja , Kübler Daniel , Conrad Olaf , Schmitz Oliver , Bonannella Carmelo , Hengl Tomislav , Böhner Jürgen , Günter Sven , Lippe Melvin
Published: February 2024

The impacts of the Anthropocene on climate and biodiversity pose societal and ecological problems that may only be solved by ecosystem restoration. Local to regional actions are required, which need to consider the prevailing present and future conditions of a certain landscape extent. Modeling approaches can be of help to support management efforts and to provide advice to policy making. We present stage one of the LaForeT-PLUC-BE model (Landscape Forestry in the Tropics–PCRaster Land Use Change–Biogeographic & Economic model; in short: LPB) and its thematic expansion module RAP (Restoration Areas Potentials). LPB-RAP is a high-resolution pixel-based scenario tool that relies on a range of explicit land use types (LUTs) to describe various forest types and the environment. It simulates and analyzes future landscape configurations under consideration of climate, population and land use change long-term. Simulated Land Use Land Cover Change (LULCC) builds on dynamic, probabilistic modeling incorporating climatic and anthropogenic determinants as well as restriction parameters to depict a sub-national regional smallholder-dominated forest landscape. The model delivers results for contrasting scenario settings by simulating without and with potential Forest and Landscape Restoration (FLR) measures. FLR potentials are depicted by up to five RAP-LUTs. The model builds on user-defined scenario inputs, such as the Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSP) and Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP). Model application is here exemplified for the SSP2-RCP4.5 scenario in the time frame 2018–2100 on the hectare scale in annual resolution using Esmeraldas province, Ecuador, as a case study area. The LPB-RAP model is a novel, heuristic Spatial Decision Support System (SDSS) tool for smallholder-dominated forest landscapes, supporting near-time top-down planning measures with long-term bottom-up modeling. Its application should be followed up by FLR on-site investigations and stakeholder participation across all involved scales.
Autocartografías de Alicia Dujovne Ortiz: la narrativa detrás de las fronteras en "Las perlas rojas" (2005) y "Camarada Carlos" (2007)
Authors: Bak Cely Laura
Published: February 2024

Dentro de las literaturas producidas por las segundas y terceras generaciones migrantes hay presencia de textos de carácter autobiográfico. En estas escrituras el yo no se construye a partir de la narración de la vida sino a partir de la reconstrucción de los territorios abandonados por sus antepasados. Estos lugares han desaparecido de la cartografía geopolítica actual dado que ha habido movimientos de fronteras, algunos poblados y ciudades han cambiado de nación o se les ha dado otro nombre. Como consecuencia, regresar y encontrar estos territorios resulta muchas veces imposible. El subgénero de autocartografía nos permite estudiar estas obras mediante el análisis de cómo se da cuenta de estos espacios y cómo se resignifican las fronteras geopolíticas. Hemos analizado Las perlas rojas (2005) y Camarada Carlos (2007) de Alicia Dujovne Ortiz a partir de dos interrogantes ¿Cómo reconstruye en su narrativa los espacios perdidos de sus abuelos paternos? ¿Cómo resignifica las fronteras y qué cartografía resulta? El estudio se realiza en diálogo con los principios de la geocrítica propuestos por Bertrand Westphal (Francia, 1962) y el concepto de plasticidad de Catherine Malabou (Francia, 1959). Hemos encontrado que Dujovne compone una cartografía de múltiples niveles. Es un mapa de los lugares plausibles (Westphal), esto es, nos ofrece no una única versión sino una composición de los territorios en medio de los diálogos con diversas experiencias de dichos lugares. Esta cartografía es un exponente de la plasticidad donde espacio, narradora y su representación dan y reciben forma mutuamente. Construir la cartografía de un lugar como resultado de conversaciones entre su presente y las historias de sus habitantes y migrantes implica pues un mapa figurado por la experiencia que también da forma a quien escribe.
Ultra-Processed Food, Disease Activity, and Inflammation in Ulcerative Colitis: The Manitoba Living With IBD Study
Authors: Vagianos Kathy , Dolovich Casandra , Witges Kelcie , Graff Lesley A. , Bernstein Charles N.
Published: February 2024

INTRODUCTION:

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption and (i) symptomatic disease and (ii) intestinal inflammation among adults with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).

METHODS:

We identified participants (Crohn's disease [CD] and ulcerative colitis [UC]) from the Manitoba Living with IBD study. Active disease was defined using the IBD Symptom Inventory (score >14 for CD; >13 for UC); fecal calprotectin was measured for intestinal inflammation (>250 μg/g). Diet data were collected using the Harvard Food Frequency Questionnaire. UPF consumption was determined by the NOVA classification system. Percentage of energy consumption from UPFs was calculated and divided into 3 tertiles (T1 = low; T3 = high). Multiple linear regression analysis was used for active disease and inflammation predicted by UPF consumption.

RESULTS:

Among 135 participants (65% with CD), mean number of episodes of active disease (14.2 vs 6.21) and active inflammation (1.6 vs 0.6) was significantly higher among participants with UC in T3 compared with T1 of UPF consumption (P < 0.05). When adjusting for age, sex, disease type, and duration, number of episodes of active disease was lower in T1 compared with T3 (β = −7.11, P = 0.02); similarly, number of episodes of intestinal inflammation was lower in T1 (β = −0.95, P = 0.03). No significant differences were observed among participants with CD.

DISCUSSION:

UPF consumption may be a predictor of active symptomatic disease and inflammation among participants with UC. Reducing UPF consumption is a dietary strategy that can be suggested for minimizing symptoms and inflammation among people living with IBD.
Rates of Adverse Events in Patients With Ulcerative Colitis Undergoing Colectomy During Treatment With Tofacitinib vs Biologics: A Multicenter Observational Study
Authors: Dragoni Gabriele , Innocenti Tommaso , Amiot Aurelién , Castiglione Fabiana , Melotti Laura , Festa Stefano , Savarino Edoardo Vincenzo , Truyens Marie , Argyriou Konstantinos , Noviello Daniele , Molnar Tamas , Bouillon Vincent , Bezzio Cristina , Eder Piotr , Fernandes Samuel , Kagramanova Anna , Armuzzi Alessandro , Oliveira Raquel , Viola Anna , Ribaldone Davide Giuseppe , Drygiannakis Ioannis , Viganò Chiara , Calella Francesca , Gravina Antonietta Gerarda , Pugliese Daniela , Chaparro María , Ellul Pierre , Vieujean Sophie , Milla Monica ,   the “TOFA-poSTOP” Study Group, Caprioli Flavio
Published: February 2024

INTRODUCTION:

Patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) receiving immunosuppressive drugs are at substantial risk of colectomy. We aimed to assess the risk of postoperative complications of tofacitinib exposure before colectomy in comparison with biologics.

METHODS:

A multicenter, retrospective, observational study was conducted in patients with UC who underwent total colectomy for medically refractory disease, exposed to tofacitinib or a biologic before surgery. Primary outcome was the occurrence of any complication within 30 (early) and 90 (late) days after surgery. Secondary outcomes were the occurrence of infections, sepsis, surgical site complications, venous thromboembolic events (VTE), hospital readmissions, and redo surgery within the same timepoints.

RESULTS:

Three hundred one patients (64 tofacitinib, 162 anti-tumor necrosis factor-α agents, 54 vedolizumab, and 21 ustekinumab) were included. No significant differences were reported in any outcome, except for a higher rate of early VTE with anti-tumor necrosis factor-α agents (P = 0.047) and of late VTE with vedolizumab (P = 0.03). In the multivariate analysis, drug class was not associated with a higher risk of any early and late complications. Urgent colectomy increased the risk of any early (odds ratio [OR] 1.92, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.06–3.48) complications, early hospital readmission (OR 4.79, 95% CI 1.12–20.58), and early redo surgery (OR 7.49, 95% CI 1.17–47.85). A high steroid dose increased the risk of any early complications (OR 1.96, 95% CI 1.08–3.57), early surgical site complications (OR 2.03, 95% CI 1.01–4.09), and early redo surgery (OR 7.52, 95% CI 1.42–39.82). Laparoscopic surgery decreased the risk of any early complications (OR 0.54, 95% CI 0.29–1.00), early infections (OR 0.39, 95% CI 0.18–0.85), and late hospital readmissions (OR 0.34, 95% CI 0.12–1.00).

DISCUSSION:

Preoperative tofacitinib treatment demonstrated a postoperative safety profile comparable with biologics in patients with UC undergoing colectomy.
Influence of Acetic Acid Pretreatment and its Residue on Bioethanol and Biogas Production from Water Hyacinth
Authors: Jose Diana , Tawai Atthasit , Divakaran Divya , Sriariyanun Malinee , Phakeenuya Vanarat , Cheng Yu-Shen , Tantayotai Prapakorn
Published: February 2024

Water hyacinth, an invasive species in natural water habitats, poses ecological challenges but also holds promise as a biofuel resource due to its abundant biomass. To optimize sugar yield for biofuel production, this study focuses on pretreating water hyacinth with acetic acid (AC) using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). Comparing AC, hydrochloric acid (HA), and untreated samples, AC-pretreated samples yielded the highest sugar content at 28.26 g/100 g of biomass, nearly 1.97 times higher than that of untreated samples. Additionally, AC-pretreated samples produced the maximum biogas (2573 mL) after 45 days of anaerobic digestion, while HA pretreatment yielded the highest ethanol production (9.32 g/L) within 48 h. The structural changes in the pretreated and untreated water hyacinth samples were compared using FTIR analysis, and the results showed that the pretreatment approaches exposed more cellulose to hydrolysis. Furthermore, the study investigated the impact of post-washing following acid pretreatment of water hyacinth and discovered that AC residues had no adverse effects, suggesting that the post-washing phase was unnecessary for ethanol production. These findings demonstrate that AC pretreatment can effectively enhance hydrolysis and biofuel production and that eliminating post-washing may reduce wastewater generated during the pretreatment process.
Caracterización del intento de suicidio en un municipio de Colombia durante tres años
Authors: Cuello Villamil Angélica , Camelo Ciro Arley , Castro Molinares Suly
Published: February 2024

This is a retrospective descriptive study, conducted with the aim of characterizing suicide attempts in the municipality of Acacías, reported between 2017 and 2019. We considered 299 records of suicide attempt notification forms from the Health Surveillance System (SIVIGILA), provided by the health secretariat of this municipality. Through the analysis performed with the statistical program SPSS, version 20, it was found that, in the three years of study, the highest frequency of suicide attempts occurred in 2019 (38%), the female sex (55%), in the urban area (73%), in people with high school education (51%), linked to the subsidized health regime (50.5%), single people (72%), in the age group of 15 and 20 years (25.1%). With respect to the methods or mechanisms used, intoxication stands out (41%) and in terms of triggering factors or stressful situations, love breakups or marital conflicts (34%). These results offer a broad panorama when considering different variables and factors that intervene in suicide attempts in Acacías, which helps to understand this problem and invites to propose prevention programs from an integral and interdisciplinary perspective.
Experimento sobre prejuicio racial: efectos del contacto, toma de perspectiva y empatía
Authors: Verzoni André , Lisboa Carolina
Published: February 2024

Prejudice is a psychological, cognitive and social phenomenon in which a negative attribution or judgment is directed towards another individual because of his or her belonging to a specific social group. This article presents an experiment that aims to investigate the relations between implicit racism, perspective taking, empathy and contact. Participants (40) wrote a narrative essay about a day in the life of a black and young man portrayed in a photograph. Half of the sample received instructions based on perspective taking-other and the other half received instructions to stay objective and neutral. All participants responded to the Implicit Association Test (IAT) about racism. The results of the IAT showed neutrality in relation to the implicit racism in the studied sample. The analysis of the essays revealed the absence of negative stereotypes, the presence of contents that are part of the lives of the participants.
REVERSIBLE ASYNCHRONOUS ELECTRIC DRIVE WITH REACTIVE POWER CONTROL
Authors:   Science-industrial enterprise “Electronik, LTD”, st. Rustavy, 5 - 204, Zaporohzje, 69055, Ukrane, Chepkunov R.A.
Published: February 2024

The features of current reverse in a reversible electric drive with reactive power control are considered. It is shown that the reverse is fast-acting, providing fast-action in the entire range of speed control, including zero speed. This electric drive can be supplied in place of a DC electric drive. References 7, figures 4.
Survival of Infants With Severe Congenital Kidney Disease After ECMO and Kidney Support Therapy
Authors: Short Kara , McBride Martha , Anderson Scott , Miller Rachel , Ingram Daryl , Coghill Carl , Sims Brian , Askenazi David
Published: February 2024

Congenital kidney failure not only affects the homeostatic functions of the kidney, but also affects neonatal respiratory integrity. Until recently, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support was not used in this population because the need for ECMO clearly established nonviability. Since 2016, 31 neonates have been admitted to the NICU at Children’s of Alabama with congenital kidney failure. Five patients were placed on ECMO for severe respiratory distress unresponsive to conventional interventions. We evaluated neonates with congenital kidney failure and pulmonary hypoplasia/hypertension refractory to conventional therapies who received ECMO support within the first 9 postnatal days. We describe the pre and postnatal diagnoses, ECMO course details, dialysis modalities, complications, procedures, and long-term outcomes of these patients. All 5 patients received kidney support therapy by postnatal day 7. Diagnoses included posterior urethral valves, bilateral renal dysplasia, and autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease. Gestational age ranged from 35.6 to 37.1 weeks. Birth weight ranged from 2740 to 3140 g. Days on ECMO ranged from 4 to 23. Four survived and are living today. Pulmonary hypertension resolved in surviving patients. Three surviving patients require no oxygen support, and 1 patient requires nocturnal oxygen. Three survivors received a kidney transplant, and 1 awaits transplant evaluation. Patients with congenital kidney failure with severe pulmonary hypoplasia/pulmonary hypertension no longer warrant a reflexive assignment of nonviability. Meticulous ECMO, respiratory, nutritional, and kidney support therapies may achieve a favorable long-term outcome. Further investigation of strategies for optimal outcome is needed.
Levels and types of physical activity in Russia according to the ESSE-RF study: is there a trace of the COVID-19 pandemic?
Authors: Kotova M. B. , Maksimov S. A. , Shalnova S. A. , Kontsevaya A. V. , Balanova Yu. A. , Imaeva A. E. , Kutsenko V. A. , Muromtseva G. A. , Karamnova N. S. , Evstifeeva S. E. , Kapustina A. V. , Litinskaya O. A. , Pokrovskaya M. S. , Yarovaya E. B. , Repkina T. V. , Gonoshilova T. O. , Kudryavtsev A. V. , Belova N. I. , Shagrov L. L. , Samotrueva M. A. , Yasenyavskaya A. L. , Chernysheva E. N. , Glukhovskaya S. V. , Levina I. A. , Shirshova E. A. , Dorzhieva E. B. , Urbanova E. Z. , Borovkova N. Yu. , Kurashin V. K. , Tokareva A. D. , Ragino Yu. I. , Simonova G. I. , Khudyakova A. D. , Nikulin V. N. , Aslyamov O. R. , Khokhlova G. V. , Solovyova A. V. , Rodionov A. A. , Kryachkova O. V. , Shamurova Yu. Yu. , Tantsyreva I. V. , Baryshnikova I. N. , Ataev M. G. , Radjabov M. O. , Isakhanova M. M. , Umetov M. A. , Elgarova L. V. , Khakuasheva I. A. , Yamashkina E. I. , Esina M. V. , Kunyaeva T. A. , Nikitina A. M. , Savvina N. V. , Spiridonova Yu. E. , Naumova E. A. , Keskinov A. A. , Yudin V. S. , Yudin S. M. , Drapkina O. M.
Published: February 2024

Aim. To study levels and types of physical activity, as well as its individual socio-demographic and seasonal determinants in the Russian population according to the Epidemiology of Cardiovascular Diseases and their Risk Factors in Regions of Russian Federation (ESSE-RF) study.

Material and methods. Data from the ESSE-RF2 (2017) and ESSERF3 (2020-2022) was used. The sample included 28731 men and women aged 35-74 from 15 regions. The level of physical activity was assessed using the Global physical activity questionnaire (GPAQ). The following socio-economic and demographic characteristics were taken as covariates: sex, age, place of residence (urban and rural), level of education, marital status, work characteristics, income level, season of the year. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 22 (IBM Corp. USA).

Results. The study showed that 27,4% of the sample have insufficient physical activity. Among the low physical activity category, there are more women than men (28,12 vs 26,7%, p<0,001); among men, high physical activity was more often identified (24,1 vs 18,3%, p<0,001). Compared to the urban population, rural residents have higher physical activity rates (23,9 vs 20,3%, p<0,001). The proportion of people with high physical activity is also higher among people with higher income levels (p<0,001). General physical activity in men is higher compared to women, due to work and recreational activity, but transport-related physical activity is significantly higher in women. From 2017 to 20202022, the population level of physical activity decreased.

Conclusion. This study provides the most complete description of Russian patterns of physical activity and shows the areas of necessary intervention for the development of measures and programs aimed at increasing physical activity of Russian population.
Prevalence of psychological stress among the Russian population and its association with socio-demographic characteristics. Data from the ESSE-RF3 study
Authors: Drapkina O. M. , Gomanova L. I. , Balanova Yu. A. , Kutsenko V. A. , Imaeva A. E. , Kontsevaya A. V. , Maksimov S. A. , Muromtseva G. A. , Kotova M. B. , Karamnova N. S. , Shvabskaya O. B. , Evstifeeva S. E. , Kapustina A. V. , Litinskaya O. A. , Pokrovskaya M. S. , Kuzyakina S. O. , Soplenkova A. G. , Doludin Yu. V. , Efimova I. A. , Borisova A. L. , Yarovaya E. B. , Repkina T. V. , Gonoshilova T. O. , Kudryavtsev A. V. , Belova N. I. , Shagrov L. L. , Samotrueva V. A. , Yasenyavskaya A. L. , Chernysheva E. N. , Glukhovskaya S. V. , Levina I. A. , Shirshova E. A. , Dorzhieva E. B. , Urbanova E. Z. , Borovkova N. Yu. , Kurashin V. K. , Tokareva A. S. , Ragino Yu. I. , Simonova G. I. , Khudyakova A. D. , Nikulin V. N. , Aslyamov A. R. , Khokhlova G. V. , Solovyova A. V. , Rodionov A. A. , Kryachkova O. V. , Shamurova Yu. Yu. , Tantsyreva I. V. , Baryshnikova I. N. , Ataev M. G. , Radjabov M. O. , Isakhanova M. M. , Umetov M. A. , Elgarova L. V, , Khakuasheva I. A. , Yamashkina E. I. , Esina M. V. , Kunyaeva T. A. , Nikitina A. M. , Savvina N. V. , Spiridonova Yu. E. , Naumova E. A. , Keskinov A. A. , Kashtanova D. A. , Yudin V. S. , Yudin S. M. , Shalnova S. A.
Published: February 2024

Aim. To assess the prevalence of psychological stress (PS) using the Perceived Stress Scale-10 (PSS-10) in various Russian regions and to analyze PS associations with socio-demographic characteristics and behavioral risk factors and some non-communicable diseases (NCDs).

Material and methods. We studied representative samples of the population aged 35-74 years in the Russian regions, examined as part of the Epidemiology of Cardiovascular Diseases in Regions of Russian Federation-3 (ESSE-RF3) study. The subjects were interviewed using a questionnaire containing a section on the psychological stress — PSS-10. For men, PS levels are ranked as follows: "Low" — 0-11, "Medium" — 12-17, "High" — 18-40. For women, PS levels are ranked as follows: "Low" — 0-13, "Medium" — 14-19, "High" — 20-40. Statistical analysis was carried out using the open-source R 3.6.1 environment.

Results. The average PS level was 12,0±7,3 (men: 10,7±7,0; women: 13,1±7,4). Every fifth person (20,3%) in the Russian population has a high PS level, with higher PS rates among women compared to men (high PS level — 21,6 vs 18,9%, respectively). A high PS level was associated with the income level (average or low), no marriage, unemployment, low level of physical activity, depression, anxiety, NCDs (type 2 diabetes, myocardial infarction, stroke), additionally for women — hypertension.

Conclusion. The Russian population is characterized by a high PS prevalence, while PS rates are higher among women, which must be taken into account when predicting the NCD risks.
Políticas comercial e cambial em programas de ajustamento voltados para o crescimento
Authors: SACHS JEFFREY D.
Published: February 2024

RESUMO A busca por “programas de ajuste orientados ao crescimento” é uma reação ao desacordo generalizado com os programas de estabilização que o FMI recomenda para as nações endividadas. Uma nova ortodoxia está surgindo dessa situação, que relaciona a recuperação das nações devedoras a uma mudança para o desenvolvimento orientado para o setor externo, baseado na liberalização do comércio internacional. Este artigo descreve muitas limitações importantes desta nova ortodoxia. A forte ênfase na liberalização não tem base histórica e não corresponde realmente às experiências verificadas nas bem-sucedidas economias do Extremo Oriente. Além disso, desvia a atenção das necessidades mais urgentes das economias endividadas.
REVISÃO NARRATIVA DA EDUCAÇÃO LINGUÍSTICA EM UMA PERSPECTIVA COMPLEXA E ECOLÓGICA MEDIADA POR MÍDIAS E TECNOLOGIAS
Authors: Oliveira Tiago Mendes de , Lacerda Geraldo Alves
Published: February 2024

RESUMO Todo ecossistema natural comporta comunidades sustentáveis, que formam teias de interações complexas e auto-organizáveis. Tais modos de organização dessas interações do sistema em funcionamento são objetos de teorias ecológicas. Uma teoria do caos e complexidade é um exemplo de teoria ecológica que exclui as tentativas de redução dos componentes em partes isoladas e utiliza o paradigma de distinção-conjunção-muldimensionalização. Affordance é um conceito ecológico por descrever uma possibilidade de ação disponível em um nicho para um indivíduo. Neste trabalho, abordaremos sistemas complexos de comunidades de falantes de língua materna e de segunda língua ou língua estrangeira como objeto para pesquisar o aprendizado de línguas mediado pelo uso de mídias digitais e tecnológicas. A metodologia utilizada foi a revisão narrativa da literatura sobres teorias do caos/complexidade e affordance com aplicação a dois excertos extraídos do projeto de pesquisa Aprendendo com Memórias de Falantes e Aprendizes de Língua Estrangeira (AMFALE), em termos de affordances no aprendizado linguístico. Concluímos que é possível ampliar o entendimento de aprendizagem de línguas por meio da abordagem teórica ecológica que inclui inclusive as práticas pedagógicas e os materiais eletrônicos e digitais no processo de aprendizagem.
Nisin or organic acid salt mixtures for the Calabrese-type sausages in industrial-scale production
Authors: Fell Evilyn Lucas , Brum Lívia Maísa , Nicoletti Enzo , Sartoreto Lisiane , Hoelscher Henrique , Colet Rosicler , Steffens Juliana , Zeni Jamile , Valduga Eunice , Cansian Rogerio Luis , Backes Geciane Toniazzo , Steffens Clarice
Published: February 2024

Abstract This study aimed to produce Calabrese-type sausages on an industrial scale by incorporating nisin and mixtures of organic acids and their salts as preservatives. In addition, it was assessed the stability of the product during storage at 25 °C. Various formulations were investigated, each featuring distinct preservative combinations as follows: Treatment 1 (T1) included sodium lactate and sodium acetate; Treatment 2 (T2) contained sodium lactate, sodium acetate, citric acid, and nisin; Treatment 3 (T3) involved a combination of salt and nisin alongside sodium lactate; and a control group which utilized sodium lactate. The moisture values ranged from 55.84% to 57.45%, proteins from 18.53 to 19.07, and lipids from 17.04% to 19.15%, all following Brazilian legislation. The pH remained stable until 90 days of storage, with values of 6.30, 6.28, 6.05, and 6.23 for control, T1, T2, and T3, respectively. T2 presented higher acidity compared to the other formulations due to the presence of citric acid. The evaluated preservatives (T1, T2, and T3) showed lower lipid oxidation indices and inhibited microbial growth. Therefore, the evaluated preservatives have the potential to be used industrially because they maintain the characteristics of the product and ensure 120 days of storage at 25 °C.
Political Consciousness and Participation in the Defense of LGBTQ+ Rights at Work
Authors: Boasquevisque Leôni Mongin , Palassi Marcia Prezotti , Silva Alfredo Rodrigues Leite da
Published: February 2024

Abstract This article aims to understand the psychopolitical aspects of the participation of call center workers, trade unionists, and leaderships within collectives in collective actions to defend LGBTQ+ rights at work. The research adopts the conceptual framework of political consciousness developed in the field of political psychology by Sandoval and Silva (2016). Data were produced qualitatively in two stages: interaction with research participants to present the topic and determine their willingness to address its most sensitive aspects; provision of different online questionnaires with qualitative focus for research participants: 14 call center workers, 2 trade unionists, and 6 LGBTQ+ leaderships within collectives. Content analysis of the statements showed heterogenous political consciousness among research participants, in differences involving their political engagement or lack thereof. By discussing these aspects, we filled the gap of works in the field of organizational studies, human resource management, and labor relations, which use theoretical contributions from the psychopolitical approach to address the (de)mobilization of different subjects in the defense of LGBTQ+ rights at work in these fields of knowledge. For the workers, trade unionists, leaderships within collectives and society, these theoretical contributions enabled observing that the coordination between unions and collectives tends to promote the raising of a critical political consciousness, fostering joint actions in the fight for LGBTQ+ rights at work.
Qualificação profissional e Intermediação Pública de Mão de Obra: a Gestão do Mercado de Trabalho no Brasil, 1880-2017
Authors: Menezes Vitor Matheus Oliveira de
Published: February 2024

Resumo Este artigo analisa o desenvolvimento, no período 1880-2017, das duas políticas ativas de emprego mais importantes no Brasil: a intermediação pública de mão de obra e a qualificação profissional. Por vias diferentes, essas políticas buscam regular o encontro entre a oferta e a demanda por força de trabalho, impelindo os indivíduos à participação econômica e evitando que as vagas de emprego permaneçam ociosas. O artigo discute quais arranjos entre atores públicos e privados foram adotados em cada período, e o que esses arranjos revelam sobre a gestão do mercado de trabalho brasileiro. Com vistas a historicizar a formação do mercado de trabalho, o desemprego constitui uma categoria relevante, sobretudo ao considerarmos a sua institucionalização no país por meio da sua inscrição na agenda estatal e das práticas de regulação do mercado de trabalho. As políticas ativas migraram da gestão do assalariamento e da necessidade de forjar uma nova força de trabalho, evidenciando o papel do Estado (especialmente, por via autoritária) na modernização do setor produtivo até a década de 1980, para o suporte aos trabalhadores desempregados a partir dos anos 1990, dados os processos de flexibilização do mercado de trabalho, aumento dos índices de desemprego e desestabilização das trajetórias ocupacionais.