bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mechanical Characterization of Zirconia Synthesized by the Sol-Gel Process
Authors: da Silva Antunes Ana Márcia Barbosa , Reis Pereira Baptista Carlos Antonio , Taguchi Simone Pereira
Published: August 2012

Zirconia ceramics (ZrO2) are bioinert materials with excellent biocompatibility, high resistance to corrosion and to wear, high toughness in comparison with other advanced ceramics, and suitable for various structural applications. These properties are related to their microstructure and effects caused by crystalline phases transformation, intrinsic of zirconia. In this work, stabilized zirconia ceramic (ZrO2with 3 mol % yttria) was produced using the synthesized powder obtained by the sol-gel process, in which citric acid was chosen as complexing agent and maize starch as gelling. The zirconia ceramic was characterized with respect to relative density (99.75±0.10 %), crystalline phases (predominantly tetragonal), microstructure (homogeneous and small grains), flexural strength (510±60 MPa), Vickers hardness (11.6±0.3 GPa) and fracture toughness (Niihara = 11.8±2.9 MPa.m1/2and Evans = 10.9±1.2 MPa.m1/2). It can be concluded that the sol-gel process is an attractive route to obtain zirconia ceramics with good mechanical properties.
Microstructural Evaluation of Clayey Ceramic Incorporated with Powder Waste from the Sintering Plant of a Steel-Making Industry
Authors: Vieira Carlos Maurício Fontes , Ribeiro Mônica Manhães , Monteiro Sérgio Neves
Published: August 2012

Steel making in integrated plants involves several stages from the feeds tock preparation, by sintering or pelleting of the iron ore, to the rolling of the steel sheets. In any of these stages wastes are generated and unless recycled or used as by product, they will cause serious environmental problems. Therefore, this work has as its objective to evaluate the effect of incorporation of 20 wt.% of the powder waste, particulate material, retained in the eletrostatic precipitator equipment of the sintering stage from an integrated steel making plant on the microstructure a clayey ceramic fired at 1050°C. The microstructure of the fired ceramics was evaluated by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and mercury porosimetry. The results showed that in the investigated temperature the waste increased the porosity of the clayey ceramic as well as introduced defects in the microstructure of the ceramic.
Effect of Passivation Treatments on the Corrosion Resistance of PIM 316L Stainless Steel in a PEM Fuel Cell Simulated Environment
Authors: Sayeg Isaac Jamil , Antunes Renato Altobelli , de Oliveira Mara Cristina Lopes
Published: August 2012

In this work, the corrosion resistance of passivated PIM 316L stainless steel specimens was evaluated in 1M H2SO4 + 2 ppm HF solution at room temperature during 28 days of immersion. Passivation was carried out in HNO3and H2SO4solutions. The electrochemical behavior of the passivated specimens was assessed through electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and anodic polarization curves. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was employed to observe the surface of the specimens before and after the passivation treatments. The results pointed to a strong influence of the passivation conditions on the corrosion resistance of the specimens.
Microstructural and Magnetic Analysis Ni-Zn Ferrite Sinterized in the Conventional and Microwave Oven
Authors: Diniz Verônica C.S. , Vieira Débora A. , Kiminami Ruth Herta Goldsmith Aliaga , Cornejo Daniel , de Melo Costa Ana Cristina Figueiredo
Published: August 2012

This paper assesses the sintering in a conventional oven and microwave oven of Ni-Zn ferrite. The samples were previously synthesized by combustion reaction in the microwave, and then sintered in a conventional oven and microwave oven 1200°C/2h with a heating rate of 5°C/min. The samples were characterized by: XRD, SEM and magnetic measurements by AGM. The results indicate the formation of inverse spinel crystalline phase of Ni-Zn ferrite, with inter-and intergranular porosity and average grain size of 0.15 µm and 0.30 µm, respectively for the samples sintered in a conventional oven and microwave oven. The sample sintered in conventional furnace showed a pattern characteristic of superparamagnetic materials with saturation magnetization of 7.6 emu.g-1, while in the microwave sintered sample showed a typical behavior of soft magnetic materials with saturation magnetization of 70 emu.g-1.
Effect of the Dry Bulk Density on the Fired Properties of Clayey Ceramics
Authors: Scarpini V. , Pinheiro R.M. , Monteiro S.N. , Vieira C.M.F.
Published: August 2012

Densification of a precursor mixture of powders followed by drying to remove the excess of water is a necessary stage before the high temperature sintering to produce a ceramic piece. In the case of conventional red ceramics the influence of the density established during this stage has received limited attention in terms of the final product proprieties. Therefore, this work has for objective to evaluate the influence of the dry bulk density on the fired properties of red ceramics elaborated with the mixture of clays, argillite and grog. Cylindrical specimens were prepared with two different ranges of dry bulk density, 1.95-2.09 g/cm3 and 2.15-2.28 g/cm3. Specimens were fired at 1050°C in a laboratory furnace. The evaluated properties were: water absorption, diametral shrinkage and compressive strength. Microstructure of the fired ceramics was evaluated by electron scanning microscopy. Results showed that dry bulk density exercises a strong influence on the fired properties.
Effect of Modification on the Structure and Properties of QE22 and RZ5 Magnesium Alloys
Authors: Roskosz Stanisław , Dybowski Bartłomiej , Paśko Janusz
Published: August 2012

Magnesium alloys are the lightest, widely used structural material. They are often used in aeronautical and automotive industries, where the weight savings are essential. Magnesium alloys present acceptable mechanical properties but their high temperature properties are unsatisfactory. This led to development of magnesium alloys with rare earth elements addition. To achieve good mechanical properties these alloys are modified with zirconium. Modification affects positively also corrosion resistance of Mg-RE alloys. It is important to study impact of modifier amount on the structure and properties of these alloys. Unmodified and modified alloys were investigated. Three variants of modification were: modification according to Magnesium-Elektron specification, 50% and 100% more modifier. Mechanical and structural properties were investigated. Fractures were observed on scanning electron microscope. Results showed that grain refinement and yield strength increase with increasing amount of modifier. Impact of modification on tensile strength is unclear, probably because of non-metallic inclusions in the material’s structure. The inclusions sources are oxygenated nappe of liquid metal and fluxes, used during smelting.
Fractography and Structural Analysis of WE43 and Elektron 21 Magnesium Alloys with Unmodified and Modified Grain Size
Authors: Roskosz Stanisław , Dybowski Bartłomiej , Cwajna Jan
Published: August 2012

Magnesium alloys, thanks to their low density, are characterized by very high specific strength and specific stiffness. Due to acceptable mechanical properties, these alloys are widely used in automotive and aerospace industries for the elements such as: gearbox and engine housings, steering wheel columns or wheels. The main problem of the most common magnesium alloys – such as AZ91 are their weak high temperature properties. This led to development of alloys containing rare earth elements. These alloys achieve their demanded mechanical properties after grain refinement with the zirconium. Because of a big responsibility of the elements made from Mg-RE alloys, it is important to investigate modification impact on properties of the magnesium alloys. The paper presents results of studies properties of the WE43 and Elektron 21 casting magnesium alloys, modified in three different ways – according to Magnesium-Elektron specification, 50% stronger modification and 100% stronger. For the comparison, unmodified alloys were also investigated. Investigations showed, that alloys modified according to MEL specification presents optimal set of structural and mechanical properties. Further increase of amount of modifiers doesn’t let to significant increase of mechanical properties. Fractographic investigations showed many non-metallic inclusions on the fractures surface, which are result of faulty smelting process.
Influence of Pouring Temperature on Castability and Microstructure of QE22 and RZ5 Magnesium Casting Alloys
Authors: Dybowski Bartlomiej , Jarosz Robert , Kiełbus Andrzej , Cwajna Jan
Published: August 2012

Magnesium alloys are widely used in automotive and aerospace industries due to their great connection of low density and good mechanical properties. They are also characterized by good castability and weldability. Their weak high temperature properties and corrosion resistance, led to development of magnesium alloys containing rare earth elements. Casting is the most popular way of manufacturing magnesium elements. However, there is a lack of investigations concerning impact of different factors on fluidity of these alloys. This paper presents results of investigations on influence of pouring temperature on castability and microstructure of QE22 and RZ5 magnesium alloys. In case of QE22 alloy, the filling length of the liquid alloy increased with the increasing pouring temperature. In RZ5 no such dependence was noted. This is probably caused by oxide films in the structure of material. Grain refinement and eutectics volume fraction also didn’t present correlation with pouring temperature.
Microstructure of In Situ Mg Metal Matrix Composites Based on Silica Nanoparticles
Authors: Olszówka-Myalska Anita , McDonald Sam A. , Withers Philip J. , Myalska Hanna , Moskal Grzegorz
Published: August 2012

Metal matrix composites comprising a magnesium matrix and Mg2Si/MgO dispersoids obtained by hot pressing silica nanoparticle agglomerates and metal powder in a Degussa press were characterized. Two powder mixtures having weight proportions of Mg:SiO2 of 10:0.3 and 10:1 were identically sintered. Their microstructures were characterized by optical microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The size and distribution of the Mg2Si and MgO dispersoids formed in situ were assessed as a function of the original nanosilica content. The behaviour of the composites under compression testing was assessed in 3D by X-ray microtomography using 225kV Nikon X-tek and 150kV Xradia MicroXCT scanners. This provided insights into composite strengthening mechanisms and matrix particle decohesion.
Microstructure of Mg-Ti-Al Composite Hot Pressed at Different Temperature
Authors: Olszówka-Myalska Anita , Przeliorz Roman , Rzychoń Tomasz , Misiowiec Monika
Published: August 2012

Metal matrix composite comprising a multiphase magnesium matrix and titanium particles fabricated by hot pressing was characterized. Powder mixture of the Mg:Ti:Al at weight ratio equal to 10.5:6.1:3.4 was sintered at 640, 650 and 660°C whereas other parameters were held constant. Thermal effects during heating and cooling of powder mixture were measured by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Microstructure of composite was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with a use of X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). For all conditions of components consolidation α-Mg, α-Ti, Mg17Al12 and Al3Ti were identified. It was revealed that dispersion and location of Mg17Al12 and Al3Ti compounds depended on sintering temperature. Measurements of hardness and density of obtained non-porous composite gave approximate results of 130 HV and 2.7 g/cm3 respectively
The Chemical Composition and Microstructure of Ti-47Al-2W-0.5Si Alloy Melted in Ceramic Crucibles
Authors: Szkliniarz Wojciech , Szkliniarz Agnieszka
Published: August 2012

In this paper, the technology of melting in induction furnaces with ceramic crucibles was used for production of TiAl-based Ti-47Al-2W-0.5Si alloy. Due to high reactivity of liquid titanium alloys, the melting process was conducted in special crucibles made of stabilised ceramic materials resistant to the aggressive action of these alloys. When characterising the chemical composition and microstructure of Ti-47Al-2W-0.5Si alloy melted in different ceramic crucibles, problems accompanying the melting process were described and conditions for making an alloy with satisfactory purity were determined.
Characteristics of Corrosion Resistance of Ti-C Alloys
Authors: Szkliniarz Agnieszka , Michalik Rafał
Published: August 2012

This paper presents the results of testing the corrosion resistance of pure Ti and Ti6Al4V alloy improved by carbon addition at the level of 0.2 and 0.5 wt.%. The testing was carried out at room temperature in HNO3 acid solution (40%) and HCl acid solution (5 and 10%). It has been established that carbon addition affects the improvement in electrochemical corrosion resistance of pure Ti and Ti6Al4V alloy in HNO3 solution, whereas the higher carbon content the better corrosion resistance of Ti. For Ti6Al4V alloy the increase in corrosion resistance is caused by carbon addition at the level of 0.2 wt.%. The result of the corrosion resistance of both pure Ti and Ti6Al4V alloy with carbon in a solution of HCl indicates that the more detrimental is the solution of lower concentration
Diffusion Brazing of Titanium via Copper Layer
Authors: Różański Maciej , Adamiec Janusz
Published: August 2012

The paper presents the basic physicochemical properties and brazability of titanium. The work also discusses the principle and mechanisms of the formation of a diffusion-brazed joint and presents results of metallographic and strength-related tests involving diffusion-brazed joints made of technical titanium grade 2 via copper layer grade B-Cu100-1085. The paper also contains results of structural examination conducted by means of light microscopy as well as results of shear strength tests.
Numerical and Physical Modelling of Aluminium Refining Process Conducted in URO-200 Reactor
Authors: Saternus Mariola , Merder Tomasz
Published: August 2012

At present both primary and secondary aluminium needs to be refined before further treatment. This can be done by barbotage process, so blowing small bubbles of inert gas into liquid metal. This way harmful impurities especially hydrogen can be removed. Barbotage is very complex taking into consideration hydrodynamics of this process. Therefore modelling research is carried out to get to know the phenomena that take place during the process better. Two different modelling research can be applied: physical and numerical. Physical modelling gives possibility to determine the level of gas dispersion in the liquid metal. Whereas, numerical modelling shows the velocity field distribution, turbulent intensity and volume fraction of gas. The paper presents results of physical and numerical modelling of the refining process taking place in the bath reactor URO-200. Physical modelling was carried out for three different flow rate of refining gas: 5, 10 and 15 dm3/min and three different rotary impeller speeds: 0, 300, 500 rpm Commercial program in Computational Fluid Dynamics was used for numerical calculation. Model VOF (Volume of Fluid) was applied for modelling the multiphase flow. Obtained results were compared in order to verify the numerical settings and correctness of the choice.
Machinability of Aluminium Matrix Composites
Authors: Wieczorek Jakub , Dyzia Maciej , Dolata Anna J.
Published: August 2012

The today's interest in MMCp results from a number of their creative properties, which can be designed through a proper selection of reinforcing components and technological parameters. The composite machine elements such us engine, compressor parts obtained by casting methods require the specially final machining. The introduction of hard ceramic particles increase wear resistance of composite material compared to unreinforcement alloy. Simultaneously increase wear and reducing the durability of tools cutting. The presence of ceramic particles (SiC, Cs) in aluminium matrix influence on surface geometry formed in track of processing. In this paper the results of investigations of geometry surface of composite after machining will be presented. Applied machining conditions for composite material were the same as for unreinforcement alloy, it made possible to compare the conditions of machining processing. It the piston skirt was conducted light profilometry investigation were the parameters 2D and 3D surface topography evaluated. Results shows dependency of surface parameters (Ra, Rz) after machining on kind, size and volume fraction of reinforcement particles applied in composite material.
Course of Solidification Process of AlMMC – Comparison of Computer Simulations and Experimental Casting
Authors: Zagórski Roman , Dolata Anna J. , Dyzia Maciej
Published: August 2012

The aim of the paper is to present the possibilities of computational simulations for the casting of aluminum matrix composite (AlMMC) reinforced with ceramics based on experimental data. The comparison of simulation and experimental results concerned the solidification process i.e. the course of solidification, temperature distribution and final arrangement of reinforcement particles. First, we have performed the experimental gravity casting of the aluminum matrix alloy AK12 (AlSi12CuNiMg2) and the composites AK12/SiC and AK12/Cg reinforced with silicon carbide SiC and glass carbon Cg, respectively, into the sand mold. During the experiment we have recorded the temperature using the ThermaCAM photometer system as well as in the selected point inside the sand mold. Using experimental data we have carried out the numerical calculations according to the methods and procedures contained in the program ANSYS Fluent 13. We have based the simulations on the two-dimensional model in which the Volume of Fluid (VOF) and enthalpy methods have been applied. The former is to describe two-phase system (air-composite matrix free surface, volume fraction of particular continuous phase) and the latter shows modeling of the solidification process of the alloy and composite matrix. We have used the Discrete Phase Model (DPM) to depict the presence of reinforcement particles. The assumption of the appropriate values of simulation parameters has shown that the simulation results are convergent with experimental ones. We have observed a similar course of the composite solidification (temperature change at the designated point), the temperature distribution and the arrangement of reinforcement particles for the simulation and experiment.
Midwives’ experiences of managing women in labour in the Limpopo Province of South Africa
Authors: Maputle Sonto M. , Hiss D. H.
Published: August 2012

Introduction:The objective of this study was to explore and describe the experiences of midwives managing women during labour at a tertiary care hospital in the Limpopo Province. An exploratory, descriptive, contextual and inductive design was applied to this qualitative research study. Purposive sampling was used to select midwives who were working in the childbirth unit and had managed women during labour. A sample of 12 midwives participated in this study. Data were collected by means of unstructured individual interviews and analysed through an open coding method by the researchers and the independent co-coder. Findings: Categories identified were lack of mutual participation and responsibility sharing, dependency and lack of decision-making, lack of information-sharing, empowering autonomy and informed choices opportunities, lack of open communication and listening, non-accommodative midwifery actions, and lack of human and material infrastructure. To ensure the validity of the results, criteria to measure trustworthiness were utilized.Conclusions: This study has implications for woman-centered care by midwives managing women in labour and provides appropriate guidelines that should be integrated into the Batho-Pele Principles.
Sexual health dialogue between parents and teenagers: An imperative in the HIV/AIDS era
Authors: Lebese R. T. , Davhana – Maselesele M. , Obi C. L.
Published: August 2012

Societies are reluctant to openly confront issues of sexuality, and this reluctance forms a barrier of communication between parents and teenagers and even between sexual partners (Wulf, 2004:2). This reluctance promotes the presence of misconceptions about sexual health, sexual risks and its consequences. Poor dialogue about sexual health between parents and teenagers is one of the contributory factors of high teenage pregnancy and sexually transmitted infection (STI) rates including HIV and AIDS. The purpose of this study was to explore and describe how dialogue about sexual health between teenagers and parents is conducted and to use the information gathered as a basis for making recommendations for improvement. A qualitative study of an explorative, descriptive and contextual nature was used. The researcher used the main question as a point of departure and more questions emanated from the discussions. There were 42 informants involved in the study, of which 4 were males and 38 were females. A purposive sampling method was used to collect data through in depth individual interviews and focus group discussions. The researcher strived to adhere to the principle of trustworthiness by adopting Guba’s model (in Krefting, 1991: 217). Tech’s method (Creswell, 1994: 154-55) was used to analyse the data and an independent coder was used. The results indicate that there is minimal if not absent dialogue about sexual health between teenagers and parents. Culture was identified as a major challenge to sexual health dialogue between teenagers and parents. Recommendations to enhance dialogue were made.
The academic transitional experiences of masters’ students at the University of the Western Cape
Authors: Hoffman Jeffrey C. , Julie Hester
Published: August 2012

Transition has been a major focus of educational institutions. However, most of the research into student transition focuses on the challenges related the transition from high school to university. Not much emphasis has been placed on the transition from undergraduate to postgraduate studies, despite the steadily increasing postgraduate enrolment rates in higher education institutions. The discrepancy between the enrolment and completion rates is an indication that postgraduate students are facing transitional challenges when engaging with postgraduate studies. The aim of this research study was to describe the academic transitional experiences of masters’ students in the Faculty of Community Health Sciences at the University of the Western Cape. The objectives were to determine the academic preparedness of postgraduate students, to explore their primary motivations for pursuing postgraduate studies, and to assess their utilisation of the available support services at UWC.A quantitative, exploratory, descriptive research design was employed. A cross-sectional survey was conducted with masters’ students during 2009, using convenience sampling. Data was statistically analysed using the SPSS to provide descriptive statistics.The majority of the sample indicated a lack of academic preparedness, even though most of them had a bachelor’s degree. The primary reasons listed as motivation for master’s study were to improve knowledge and reaching self-actualisation. The majority is still eager to complete their studies. Most support systems were utilised and students rated these services as a positive experience that facilitates smooth academic transition. However, concerns are that not many students utilised the academic writing centre and those who did, rated the overall service as average. One of the main recommendations was that a research culture needs to be established
Editorial comments/ Redaksionele Kommentaar
Authors: Kluyts T
Published: August 2012

The experiences of professional nurses with their managers play an important role in the quality of service rendered by nurses.

Opsomming

Die ervaringe van professionele verpleegkundiges met hul verpleegbestuurders speel ‘n belangrike rol in die gehalte diens gelewer deur verpleegkundiges.

*Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.
The relationship experiences of professional nurses with nurse managers
Authors: James Sindiwe Valencia , Kotzé Wilhelmina J , Van Rooyen Dalena
Published: August 2012

This qualitative study was undertaken to explore and describe the experiences of professional nurses in their relationships with nurse managers.

Opsomming

Hierdie kwalitatiewe studie is onderneem om die belewenisse van professionele verpleegkundiges ten opsigte van hulle verhoudings met verpleegbestuurders te verken en te beskryf.

*Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.
Experiences of registered midwives assisting with termination of pregnancies at a tertiary level hospital
Authors: Mayers Pat M , Parkes Briony , Green Beryl , Turner Judy
Published: August 2012

The implementation of the Choice on Termination of Pregnancy Act, Act No. 92 of 1996 brought many challenges for the registered nurses/midwife assisting in the termination of pregnancy.

Opsomming

Die implementering van die Wet op die Beëindiging van Swangerskap, Wet Nr. 92 van 1996, het baie uitdagings meegebring vir die geregistreerde verpleegkundige wat met die beëindiging van swangerskap behulpsaam is.

*Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.
Nurses' perceptions of difficult patients
Authors: Roos Janetta H
Published: August 2012

The purpose of this article was to explain and describe how professional nurses in the health services experience difficult patients.

Opsomming

Die doel van hierdie artikel was om te verduidelik en te beskryf hoe professionele verpleegkundiges in gesondheidsdienste moeilike pasiënte ervaar.

*Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.
From learner to therapist: a story of transcendence and transformation
Authors: Pretorius Hester G , Lydall Anne-Marie , Mohamed-Patel Rahima , Rikhotso Antoinette , Evans Grant W
Published: August 2012

Therapeutic interventions are guided as much by a therapist’s philosophy as they are by an understanding of psychological and therapeutic principles.

Opsomming

Terapeutiese intervensies word net soveel gerig deur ‘n terapeut se lewensfilosofie, as deur ‘n begrip van sielkundige en terapeutiese beginsels.

*Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.
Editorial Comments/ Redaksionele Kommentaar
Authors: Roos V
Published: August 2012

The challenges that health care face in a developing country such as South Africa are clearly illustrated in this edition of Health SA Gesondheid.

Opsomming

Die uitdagings waarmee gesondheidsorg in ‘n ontwikkelende land soos Suid-Afrika gekonfronteer word, word duidelik geillustreer in hierdie uitgawe van Health SA Gesondheid.

*Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.
Ghosts in the nursery: a case study of the maternal representations of a woman who killed her baby
Authors: Gous A , Roos V
Published: August 2012

The maternal representations as described by Stern (1995:171-190) are used in an extreme case to illustrate the link between depression and pathogenic maternal representations.

Opsomming

Die moedervoorstellings soos dit deur Stern (1995:171-190) beskryf word, word in ‘n ekstreme geval gebruik om die verband tussen depressie en patogene moedervoorstellings aan te toon.

*Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.
Editorial Comments/ Redaksionele Kommentaar
Authors: Langley Gayle
Published: August 2012

The diversity and complexity of South Africa presents particular challenges to health care.

Opsomming

Die diversiteit en kompleksiteit van Suid-Afrika rig besondere uitdagings aan gesondheidsorg.

*Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.
Implementing infant hearing screening at maternal and child health clinics: context and interactional processes
Authors: Swanepoel De Wet , Hugo René , Louw Brenda
Published: August 2012

Infant hearing screening has become increasingly widespread as research evidence a dramatic benefit when early identification of hearing loss occurs before six-months of age.

Opsomming

Tans word gehoorsifting van babas toenemend uitgevoer as gevolg van navorsingsbewyse wat die dramatiese voordele van vroeë identifikasie van gehoorverlies (voor die ouderdom van ses-maande) aantoon.

*Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.
The contribution of the clinical nurse instructor to the development of critical thinking skills of the student nurse in Namibia
Authors: Van Dyk A , Jooste K , Small L , Pretorius L
Published: August 2012

A quantitative, non-experimental and exploratory study was undertaken to determine the contribution by the clinical nurse instructor to develop critical thinking skills of student nurses in Namibia.

Opsomming

‘n Kwantitatiewe nie-eksperimentele en verkennende studie is onderneem om te bepaal wat die bydrae van die kliniese verpleeginstrukteur is om kritiese denke by die studentverpleegkundige in Namibië te ontwikkel.

*Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.
The cholera epidemic of 2000/2001 in Kwazulu-Natal: implications for health promotion and education
Authors: Hoque A KM , Worku Zeleke
Published: August 2012

This study was a cross-sectional, descriptive and comparative study conducted in the province of KwaZulu-Natal in the months of November and December 2001 in order to make a comparison between health districts stricken with cholera and districts not stricken with cholera with regards to well-known risk factors for cholera.

Opsomming

‘n Dwarssnit, beskrywende en vergelykende studie met verwysing na bekende risikofaktore vir cholera het in die KwaZulu-Natal Provinsie tussen November en Desember 2001 plaasgevind om ‘n vergelyking te maak tussen gesondheidsdistrikte wat deur cholera geteister word en distrikte wat nie deur cholera geteister word nie.

*Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.
Editorial Comments/ Redaksionele Kommentaar
Authors: Meyer D
Published: August 2012

This edition of Health SA Gesondheid provides thought provoking commentary on a variety of challenges experienced in the field of health care.

Opsomming

Hierdie uitgawe van Health SA Gesondheid verskaf

kommentaar oor talle uitdagings wat in die veld van

gesondheidsorg ondervind word.

*Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.
Factors that affect awareness about the spread of HIV/AIDS in rural Lesotho
Authors: Ranotsi Amelia , Worku Zeleke
Published: August 2012

A stratified random sample of 401 participants was taken from three sites of study (Maluti, Seboche and Paray) in rural Lesotho in an attempt to study the relationship between awareness about HIV/AIDS and 55 socio-economic and demographic variables.

Opsomming

In ‘n poging om die verband tussen die bewustheid van HIV/VIGS en 55 sosio-ekonomiese en demografiese veranderlikes te bestudeer, is ‘n gestratifiseerde ewekansige steekproef van 401 deelnemers in drie studie-areas in die platteland van Lesotho (Maluti, Seboche en Paray) gedoen.

*Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.
Treating phobias or treating people of acronyms and the social context
Authors: Fourie David P
Published: August 2012

Phobias are some of the most common disorders brought to the attention of treatment agents.

Opsomming

Fobies is van die mees algemene versteurings wat onder die aandag van terapeute en dokters kom.

*Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.
A group work programme to support and empower non-professional caregivers of people living with AIDS
Authors: Strydom Corinne , Wessels C C
Published: August 2012

According to a literature study and a research survey conducted in 2004, caregivers are increasingly forced to deal with people living with AIDS as health services are unable to cope with the fast-growing HIV/AIDS epidemic.

Opsomming

Volgens ‘n literatuurstudie en ‘n empiriese ondersoek wat in 2004 onderneem is, word versorgers toenemend onder druk geplaas om met mense wat met VIGS lewe te werk, omdat die gesondheidsdienste nie meer die groeiende MIV/VIGS epidemie kan hanteer nie.

*Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.
National guidelines for the management of diabetes mellitus: a nursing perspective
Authors: O’Brien Coleen , Van Rooyen Dalena , Carlson Sheree
Published: August 2012

Since 1994, the emphasis in the provision of health services in South Africa has shifted from hospital-based care to a community-based comprehensive primary health care system, especially important in the management of chronic diseases, such as Diabetes Mellitus (DM).

Opsomming

Vanaf 1994 het die klem ten opsigte van die voorsiening van gesondheidsdienste in Suid-Afrika verskuif van hospitaal- gebaseerde gesondheidsorg na ‘n gemeenskapsgebaseerde omvattende primêre gesondheidsorgsisteem, veral wat die hantering van chroniese siektes soos Diabetes Mellitus (DM) betref.

*Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.
Prescribing patterns of antiretroviral drugs in a section of the private health care sector of South Africa
Authors: Scholtz Danie , Lubbe Martie S , Serfontein Jan HP , Rakumakoe Dorcas , Smit Ronel
Published: August 2012

The general objective of this study was to investigate the prescribing patterns and cost of antiretroviral (ARV) drugs in the private health care sector in South Africa by using a medicine claims database.

Opsomming

Die doel van hierdie studie was om die voorskryfpatrone en medisynekoste van antiretrovirale (ARV) geneesmiddels in die private gesondheidsorgsektor in Suid-Afrika te ondersoek.

*Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.
The student health services at the University of Pretoria from 2000 to 2005
Authors: Van Papendorp D H , Coetzee M , Koorts A M
Published: August 2012

The University of Pretoria’s Student Health Services provides free, voluntary, family-medicine-orientated health services with an emphasis on offering preventative medicine and health education to enrolled students.

ABSTRAK

Die Universiteit van Pretoria se Gesondheidsdienste voorsien gratis, vrywillige gesins-medisyne-georiënteerde gesondheidsdienste met die klem op voorkomende medisyne en gesondheidsopvoeding aan ingeskrewe studente.
Editorial Comments/ Redaksionele Kommentaar
Authors: Brink Christiaan B
Published: August 2012

The current issue of Health SA Gesondheid will interest a wide audience of scientists and health professionals working in the areas of health care management, health care economics, policy making, nursing, psychology, sociology, ethics and education.

Opsomming

Hierdie uitgawe van Health SA Gesondheid sal ‘n wye gehoor van wetenskaplikes en professionele gesondheidswerkers, wat werksaam is in die velde van

gesondheidsorgbestuur, gesondheidsorgekonomie, beleidmaking, verpleegkunde, sielkunde, sosiologie en opvoedkunde, interesseer.

*Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.
The experiences of mothers who lost a baby during pregnancy
Authors: Modiba L , Nolte A GW
Published: August 2012

The purpose of this study was to explore and describe the experiences of mothers who lost a baby during pregnancy and care given by doctors and midwives during this period.

Opsomming

Die doel van die studie was om die ervaring van moeders met betrekking tot die dood van ‘n baba tydens swangerskap te verken en te beskryf, asook die versorging wat hulle van vroedvroue en dokters gedurende die periode ontvang het.

*Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.
Perceptions and attitudes of secondary school students in Kwazulu-Natal towards virginity testing
Authors: Taylor Myra , Dlamini Siyabonga B , Sathiparsad Reshma , Jinabhai Champaklal , De Vries Hein
Published: August 2012

This study describes the prevalence of virginity testing (VT) amongst rural secondary school students in KwaZulu-Natal (KZN), compares the attitudes of students of both sexes to VT, the differences in attitudes between girls who would/would not undergo such testing, and explores the relationship between risky sexual behaviour and girls who underwent virginity testing.

Opsomming

Hierdie studie beskryf die voorkoms van maagdelikheidstoetsing (MT), by plattelandse sekondêre skoolleerders in KwaZulu-Natal en vergelyk die houdings van leerders van beide geslagte in verband met MT, die verskille in houdings tussen dogters wat sodanige toetsing sal/nie sal ondergaan nie, en verken die verhouding tussen dogters wat maagdelikheidstoetsing ondergaan het en riskante seksuele gedrag.

*Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.
Post-traumatic stress disorder and exposure to violence among Venda and northern Sotho adolescents
Authors: Esterhuyse K GF , Louw D A , Bach J M
Published: August 2012

In this study, two research questions were posed. In the first place, this study investigated the levels of exposure to violence among the adolescents as a total group (Venda- and Northern Sotho-speaking), as well as the exposure levels of the two ethnic groups.

Opsomming

Twee navorsingsvrae is in hierdie studie gestel. Eerstens het hierdie studie ondersoek ingestel na die vlakke van blootstelling aan geweld onder die groep adolessente as geheel (Venda- en Noord-Sotho-sprekers), asook na die blootstellingsvlakke van die twee etniese groepe.

*Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.
The effects of two differing techniques on the accuracy of reagent strip blood glucose testing
Authors: Stein Christopher
Published: August 2012

The use of 70% isopropyl alcohol to prepare the site of skin puncture for reagent strip blood glucose testing has been reported to produce falsely elevated blood glucose levels.

Opsomming

Volgens ‘n verslag het die gebruik van 70% isopropyl alkohol om die plek van velpunktuur vir reagensstrook bloedglukosetoetsing voor te berei valslikverhoogde bloedglukosevlakke geproduseer.

*Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.
Investigation into the prescribing patterns and cost of antidiabetic medicine in South Africa
Authors: Steyn Rianda , Burger Johanita R , Serfontein Jan HP , Lubbe Martie S
Published: August 2012

The general objective of this study was to investigate the prescribing patterns and cost of antidiabetic medicine in the private health care sector in South Africa by using a medicine claims database.

Opsomming

Die algemene doelstelling van hierdie studie was om die voorskryfpatrone en koste van antidiabetiese medisyne in die private gesondheidsorgsektor van Suid-Afrika te ondersoek.

*Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.
Editorial comments
Authors: Roos Vera
Published: August 2012

The pressing need for solid research that informs practice, making of decisions and in the promotion of critical thinking skills for mental health workers, is emphasised in this issue of Health SA Gesondheid. The articles included in this issue address the importance of rigorous research and the application of the findings for all mental health professions.

*Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.
Opinions on a strategy to promote nurses’ health research contribution in South Africa
Authors: Du Plessis Emmerentia , Human Susara P
Published: August 2012

This is the second article in a series of three articles on a strategy to promote nurses’ health research contribution in South Africa.

Opsomming

Hierdie is die tweede artikel in ’n reeks van drie artikels oor ’n strategie om die gesondheidsnavorsingsbydrae van verpleegkundiges in Suid-Afrika te bevorder.

*Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.
Exploring a strategy to promote nurses’ health research contribution
Authors: Du Plessis Emmerentia , Human Susara P
Published: August 2012

This article is the last in a series of three articles on a strategy to promote nurses’ health research contribution in South Africa.

Opsomming

Hierdie artikel is die laaste in ‘n reeks van drie artikels oor ‘n strategie vir die bevordering van verpleegkundiges se gesondheids-navorsingsbydrae in Suid-Afrika.

*Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.
Predictors of treatment non-adherence in an inpatient substance abuse rehabilitation programme
Authors: Beuster Johann TR , Arnott Robert
Published: August 2012

The research study aimed to identify the factors contributing to premature termination of treatment for substance

addiction.

Opsomming

Die doel van die navorsingsprojek was om faktore wat bydra tot premature staking van dwelmrehabilitasie te identifiseer.

*Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.
Facilitating critical thinking within the nursing process framework: a literature review
Authors: Chabeli M M
Published: August 2012

This article intends to describe how critical thinking of learners can be facilitated or infused in clinical nursing education using the identified core cognitive critical thinking skills, their related sub-skills and the affective dispositions.

Opsomming

Hierdie artikel het ten doel om te beskryf hoe kritiese denke by leerders in kliniese verpleegonderwys gefasiliteer kan word deur die geïdentifiseerde kern-kognitiewe kritiese denkvaardighede, hul verwante sub-vaardighede asook affektiewe disposisies te gebruik.

*Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.
Editorial comments
Authors: Myburgh Chris
Published: August 2012

The articles in this edition reflect the tradition of well-reasoned research promoted by Health SA Gesondheid. The articles cover a wide scope of demanding issues and range from investigations on the experiences of professional as well as non-professional participants on the provision of health care as a predictor of the turnover rate of professional nurses.

*Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.
Organisational culture of hospitals to predict turnover intentions of professional nurses
Authors: Jacobs E , Roodt G
Published: August 2012

The objective of this study was to determine if organisational culture predicts turnover intentions of professional nurses. A predictive model with organisational culture and various proposed mediating variables, namely knowledge sharing, organisational commitment, organisational citisenship behaviour and job satisfaction, as well as various demographic variables was developed to determine turnover intentions through applying General Linear Modelling. A correlational design with questionnaires was used. A sample of professional nurses (N = 530) in private and provincial hospitals was obtained. The results indicate that organisational culture has a significantly negative correlation with turnover intentions. Organisational culture also interacted with job satisfaction, knowledge sharing, and the white professional nurses’ category to decrease turnover intentions and with Organisational Citisen Behaviours to increase turnover intentions in a final predictive model. It is therefore recommended that nursing employers seriously embark on strategies to improve the organisational culture to retain their talent.

Opsomming

Die doel van die studie was om te bepaal of organisasie-kultuur arbeidsomset-voornemens van professionele verpleegkundiges voorspel. ‘n Voorspellingsmodel met organisasiekultuur en verskeie voorgestelde tussenkomende veranderlikes, naamlik kennisdeling, organisasieverbintenis, organisasie-burgerskapsgedrag en werkstevredenheid, asook verskeie demografiese veranderlikes was ontwikkel deur Algemene Liniêre Modellering. ’n Korrelasie-ontwerp met behulp van vraelyste is gebruik. ‘n Steekproef van professionele verpleegkundiges (N = 530) in private en provinsiale hospitale is verkry. Die resultate toon dat organisasie-kultuur betekenisvol negatief korrelleer met arbeidsomsetvoornemens. Organisasiekultuur het ook in interaksie met werkstevredenheid en kennisdeling, asook die kategorie blanke verpleegkundiges in ‘n finale model arbeidsomsetvoornemens verlaag en saam met organisasieburgerskapsgedrag arbeidsom-setvoornemens verhoog. Daar word aanbeveel dat werkgewers oorweging skenk aan intervensies wat die organisasiekultuur gunstiger maak om personeel te behou.
Exposure to domestic violence during pregnancy: Perceptions and coping mechanisms of a vulnerable group
Authors: Libuku E , Small L F
Published: August 2012

The purpose of this study was to explore and describe the perceptions of maternity clients’ relating to domestic violence. A quantitative, exploratory and descriptive design was utilised. The population consisted of maternity patients admitted to a referral hospital in Windhoek, Namibia. The findings indicate that some perceptions reflect biographical differences such as education, age and economic status. In some instances, perceptions of maternity clients were in line with findings published in existing literature that reported socio-economic circumstances and familial obligations which forced women to endure abuse. It was recommended that these differences in perceptions be taken into account during the counselling of maternity clients or while health education is being given.

Opsomming

Die doel van hierdie studie was om swanger vroue se persepsies in verband met gesinsgeweld verkennend te beskryf. ’n Kwantitatiewe, verkennende en beskrywende ontwerp is gebruik. Die studie was ook kontekstueel in ontwerp. Die populasie het uit swanger vroue bestaan wat in ’n verwysingshospitaal in Windhoek, Namibië, opgeneem is. Daar is bevind dat sommige persepsies deur biografiese veranderlikes bepaal word soos geletterdheidsvlak, ouderdom en ekonomiese status. In sekere gevalle is gevind dat die persepsies van swanger vroue ooreenstem met bevindinge in bestaande literatuur deurdat sosio-ekonomiese omstandighede en familieverpligtinge hulle dwing om gesinsgeweld te verduur. Daar word aanbeveel dat hierdie verskillende persepsies gedurende beradingsessies met swanger vroue of tydens gesondheidsopvoeding in ag geneem word.