bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Explorations With Fixed-Role Therapy
Authors: Markley Robert , Zelhart Paul , Zelhart Paul , Zelhart Paul
Published: February 2023

Here then, are the first studies of the effectiveness of fixed role therapy. We hope that making these available, in their original unedited form, to the wider scientific community will fill a gap in the historical record and stimulate further work on this important technique on Kelly's approach to human adaptation.
Proper Mixtures of Ellis County Soils for Adobe Construction, and Their Physical Properties
Authors: Read Buster , Read W. , Read W. , Read W.
Published: February 2023

This paper deals with the adobe strategy of construction which is mixing and puddling the materials to be applied to a sun-dried brick or to a structure of that material. The work was divided into three main parts: (1) Survey of Ellis County Soils; (2) Selection of soil material with respect to shrinkage; and (3) Treatment of soils with respect to waterproofing.
\The Eleventh Commandment\ and A Land of Promise: Walter Clay Lowdermilk and the Middle East, 1937-1944
Authors: Rook Robert , null null , null null , null null
Published: February 2023

This monograph will present only the barest details within the broadest of contexts. But even this brief overview clearly demonstrates the far-reaching power of American natural-resource development and management ideas both during and after World War II.
Distribution of Native Mammals Among the Communities of the Mixed Prairie
Authors: Martin Edwin , null null , null null , null null
Published: February 2023

From October, 1952, until August, 1958, the small mammals on a relict area near Hays, Kansas, were studied. The observations were undertaken to establish a standard to which the mammals of variously disturbed areas could be compared; also, information concerning the relations of the species of mammals to the communities of the mixed prairie was sought.
Eisenhower, Wilson, and Professional Baseball in Kansas
Authors:   Fort Hays State University, Eberle Mark
Published: February 2023

Ever since General Dwight David Eisenhower mentioned in 1945 that he had played professional baseball under a pseudonym Wilson sometime after his 1909 graduation from Abilene High School, there have been attempts to document this assertion. Yet, he offered little detail for researchers to follow, not even the team or year. If true, however, it has been speculated this would have made him ineligible for intercollegiate competition in 1911-1915 while he attended the US Military Academy at West Point, New York, where he played on the football team. Thus, interest in the story has persisted. Newspaper accounts of baseball mention a professional ballplayer named Wilson, who was a member of the minor league teams in Abilene and other towns in the region from 1909 through 1914. It was during 1909-1911 that the recently graduated Eisenhower waited in Abilene, seeking opportunities to earn money that would help pay for a college education. Superficial research into the histories of Eisenhower and professional baseball around Abilene at this time has led to speculation that this ballplayer named Wilson, at least in some instances, was actually Dwight Eisenhower. However, it is impractical to try making sense of Eisenhower’s sparse comments about his baseball career without a thorough consideration of the historical context. This study assesses Eisenhower’s experiences in baseball, as well as his statements about playing professional baseball and the contemporary intercollegiate eligibility rules. A biographical summary for the ballplayer named Wilson associated with baseball in Abilene is also provided.
"Foot Ball Seems To Be Usurping the Place of Base Ball." Football in Kansas, 1856–1891
Authors: Eberle Mark , null null
Published: February 2023

Following the US Civil War, baseball quickly spread among communities across Kansas. Football was less widespread, and the first reports of "foot ball" during this period referred to early versions of association football (soccer) or rugby. American football developed from modifications to rugby rules beginning in the late 1870s and continuing into the early twentieth century. A few Kansas communities experimented briefly with soccer, rugby, and American football teams based on the model of town team baseball. However, interest in American football soon dominated, with attention focused on collegiate teams. The first intercollegiate games in Kansas were played in the autumn of 1890 by teams representing Baker University, the University of Kansas, and Washburn University. The following year, these three schools organized the state’s first intercollegiate sports league—the Triangular League. This monograph examines the early histories of soccer, rugby, and American football in Kansas through 1891 and the partition of the seasons for football and baseball.
Revealing a Community's Heritage: the Gay and Lesbian Archive of Mid-America
Authors:   University of Missouri - Kansas City, Hinds Stuart
Published: February 2023

The Gay and Lesbian Archive of Mid-America (GLAMA) was founded in 2009 to collect, preserve, and make accessible the documents and artifacts that reflect the histories of the LGBTQ communities in the Kansas City region. Originally a partnership between the University of Missouri – Kansas City Special Collections and Archives Division, the Kansas City Museum, and the Jackson County Historical Society, by 2014 two of the partners retreated from the project and it has been solely an initiative at UMKC since. GLAMA has been wildly successful in many respects – response from community donors; interest on the part of student, faculty, and community researchers; and uncovering a previously hidden history of the region. This presentation will focus on the evolution of GLAMA, resources available to users, and public-facing projects that have emerged from the collections.
A History and Distributional List of Ellis County, Kansas, Birds
Authors: Ely Charles , null null , null null , null null
Published: February 2023

This paper marks a century of Ornithology in Ellis County most of it centered around Hays and Ellis. This paper is an attempt to collect the scattered observations of numerous birders and to encourage others to record their observations for posterity.
Bert Wakefield and the End of Integrated Minor League Baseball in Kansas
Authors: Eberle Mark , null null
Published: February 2023

Bert Wakefield was a lifelong resident of Troy, Kansas, where he was an active member of the community—business owner, member of social organizations, and musician. Wakefield was also an African American who played on several integrated and black baseball teams through the 1890s and early 1900s, including the Chicago Unions, Chicago Union Giants, Algona (Iowa) Brownies, Renville (Minnesota) All-Stars, and the original Kansas City Monarchs. In addition, Wakefield served as a captain of the mostly white Troy minor league team in the Kansas State League in 1895. In this role, he joined Bud Fowler, who captained minor league teams in Vermont (1887) and Nebraska (1892). Wakefield also umpired at least one ballgame between two white teams. Two other black ballplayers from Kansas—Bert Jones from Hiawatha and Monroe Ingram from Coffeyville—also played for minor league teams in Kansas during 1896–1898, making the state one of the last to have openly integrated minor league teams in the nineteenth century. This biography recounts Bert Wakefield’s experiences in baseball—with supporting appearances by Jones, Ingram, and other Kansas ballplayers. The story of Bert Wakefield and his fellow Kansans also intersects on the diamond with the baseball careers of men associated with the segregation of organized baseball, the organization of the Negro Leagues, and the reintegration of major league baseball. In addition, this story features an umpire from South Dakota who was an exception to the pervasive exclusion of women from professional baseball.
Small steps, big impact: How one library introduced LGBTQ+ programming in a small conservative community
Authors:   Brookings Public Library, Neubauer Mikaela
Published: February 2023

" Log in here to attend this presentation: https://ksu.zoom.us/j/93466962336

 The last several years have seen community backlash against LGBTQ+-centered events, displays, and literature in libraries. This precedent can make it intimidating to introduce LGBTQ+ programming, especially in towns with conservative populations. However, there are methods that can help organizations find support and get residents comfortable with LGBTQ+ programming. The Brookings Public Library in Brookings, SD began the process of integrating LGBTQ+-centered events into their programming by bringing their community to the forefront. In 2021, Brookings residents were invited to learn, speak, and be involved in LGBTQ+ issues at the BPL’s “Building Inclusive Spaces with our LGBTQ+ Community” panel discussion, which featured LGBTQ+ community leaders, local advocates, and allies. By providing educational resources and queer perspectives, this panel brought residents together to work towards the common goals of educating themselves and collaborating with their queer neighbors to promote inclusivity in their city and state. This presentation will outline examples and impacts of the programs introduced by the Brookings Public Library to serve as a framework for participants interested in implementing LGBTQ+ programming at their own organizations. It will cover methods of easing LGBTQ+ programming into a reluctant community, such as pursuing local partnerships, tailoring programs to community needs, and mitigating the potential for conflict and harm. The presentation will conclude with a discussion of further program ideas and an overview of important resources to turn to when planning LGBTQ+-centered events."
Half Hours with Choral Speech
Authors: Cruise Pearl , null null , null null , null null
Published: February 2023

Cruise's study contains a brief history of Choral Speech, choice selections, citation to selections in other sources, and directions for the use of this material.
Information Systems: No Boundaries! A Concise Approach to Understanding Information Systems for All Disciplines
Authors: Schartz Shane , null null
Published: February 2023

This book was created to provide a different experience for students beginning their studies in information systems. Instead of being bombarded with information from a business systems perspective, the goal of this book is to provide a baseline of material regarding information systems in all disciplines, not just business systems - hence the name No Boundaries!
Big Creek and Its Fishes
Authors: Tomelleri Joe , Eberle Mark , Eberle Mark , Eberle Mark
Published: February 2023

This book is a brief account of Big Creek: the stream, the life, the geology, the history. We hope that it will at least stimulate your appreciation of what Big Creek was and still is. Should you desire to learn more about the topics covered here, publications that served as our sources and those that cover the material in more detail are listed at the end of the book under the titles of the sections in the text.
Black Pioneers of Integrated Baseball in California
Authors: Eberle Mark , null null
Published: February 2023

During the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, Black athletes were barred from playing baseball in the major and minor leagues, as well as other teams of white players, with relatively few exceptions. Research on baseball’s color line has primarily focused on organized baseball (the major and minor leagues). The nine essays in this monograph are an introductory exploration of integrated baseball in California at various levels, from amateur to professional teams. The first six essays are biographies of seven Black ballplayers who played on predominantly white teams engaged in intercity competition for multiple years from 1886 to 1909. The seventh essay presents information about Black umpires in the state who officiated games involving one or two white teams. The eighth essay is the story of William Carroll and the Trilbys of Los Angeles, a prominent Black baseball club at the turn of the century. The final essay examines possible patterns associated with where and when the integrated teams played in California, supplemented by descriptions of the experiences of three Black soldiers of the 24th and 25th US Infantries who integrated teams west of the Rocky Mountains after their discharges from the army.
LA CONDUCTA TERRITORIAL DEL ZAFIRO OREJA BLANCA (HYLOCHARIS LEUCOTIS) ES AFECTADA POR LA DISPONIBILIDAD DE ENERGÍA
Authors: Márquez-Luna Ubaldo , Lara Carlos , Ortiz-Pulido Raúl
Published: February 2023

White-eared Hummingbird (Hylocharis leucotis) territorial behavior is affected by energy availability. – Territoriality is a costly-foraging strategy. As a result, territorial animals must ensure that the energy within their territories is sufficient to support the costs of its defense. Hummingbirds are territorial and depend on nectar-containing flowers as their main energy source. In this study, we hypothesized that White-eared hummingbirds (Hylocharis leucotis), depending on the amount of energy (nectar) available in the environment, modify four aspects of their behavior (i.e., time spent for perching, foraging, and actively and passively defending territory), as well as territory size and response to intrusions into their territory. We monitored 30 individual territories during the winter flowering season at El Chico National Park, Mexico, and did not detect a significant effect of the energy available on time spent for perching or foraging, respectively. However, White-eared hummingbirds invested significantly more time in active and passive defense when the intrusion pressure was higher, and successful intrusions increased when the territories were bigger. Moreover, although territory size increased or decreased, a similar amount of energy therein was maintained throughout the duration of the study. Our results indicate that in this hummingbird species energy availability determines the size of their territories and the time spent on its defense.
MOVIMIENTOS POSTREPRODUCTIVOS DE CORMORANES IMPERIALES (PHALACROCRAX ATRICEPS) ANILLADOS EN LA PATAGONIA ARGENTINA
Authors: Punta Gabriel
Published: February 2023

Postbreeding movements of ringed Imperial Cormorants (Phalacrocorax atriceps) in Patagonia, Argentina. – Very little is known about the movements of Imperial Cormorants (Phalacrocorax atriceps) during the postbreeding season in Patagonia. Here I use ringing to study the movements of Imperial Cormorants breeding on islands in the north of San Jorge Gulf, Chubut, Argentina. Between 1989 and 1993, 1706 Imperial Cormorants were ringed on Isabel, Galiano and Puente Islands. A total of 34 rings were recovered from dead cormorants while 4 ringed individuals were resighted. Recovery rates did not differ significantly between adults (2.2%) and juveniles (1.9%). Most (65%) recoveries and resightings were made north of the ringing sites near Península Valdés. On average cormorants were recovered or resighted 304 km away from the ringing site, with a maximum distance of 660 km. An individual ringed as an adult (> 2 years old) in the year 1990 was recovered dead at the end of the year 1999 indicating that it lived at least 12 years. Monthly recovery/resighting distances followed a bimodal distribution. This observation agrees with a pattern of northward movements after breeding (late summer) and southwards at the end of winter.
CALYX-WATER CONSUMPTION BY BLUE-AND-YELLOW MACAWS IN SPATHODEA CAMPANULATA (BIGNONIACEAE) FLORAL BUDS
Authors: Silva Paulo Antonio , Melo Celine , Brito Lucilene
Published: February 2023

No abstract.
FISHING BEHAVIOR OF THE CARIB GRACKLE (QUISCALUS LUGUBRIS) IN VENEZUELA
Authors: Rodríguez-Ferraro Adriana
Published: February 2023

No abstract.
TEMPORAL VARIATION IN THE FEEDING ECOLOGY OF THE BLACK-FACED IBIS (THERISTICUS MELANOPIS) IN PASTURES OF SOUTHERN CHILE
Authors: Gantz Alberto , Sade Soraya , Yañez Miguel , Rau Jaime R.
Published: February 2023

Temporal variation in food availability may generate changes in the feeding strategies and trophic preferences of animals. We studied the temporal variation in feeding behavior, diet composition, and prey availability of the Black-faced Ibis (Theristicus melanopis) in pastures of southern Chile between May 1999 and January 2000. Soil core samples showed that hypogeous invertebrates such as, earthworms (Lumbricus spp.), black cutworm larvae (Agrotis spp.), black pasture caterpillars (Dalaca spp.), and southern green chafers (Hylamorpha elegans) were the most abundant prey in the pastures and that their populations experienced pronounced seasonal variations. Insect larvae were the main prey of the Black-faced Ibis and were consumed in greater proportion than expected by chance. The diet composition (based on feces) and trophic preferences coincided with variations in prey availability. During periods of reduced prey abundance Black-faced Ibises foraged on more different types of prey and their consumption rate diminished. At the same time, the abundance of Black-faced Ibises decreased in the study area. These variations were most evident in late spring and summer, when prey abundance in the pastures was lower than in the other seasons. Our results suggest that the life cycle of the prey is the main causal factor that influences the feeding ecology of the Black-faced Ibis in pastures of southern Chile.
USE OF PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS TO IDENTIFY EVOLUTIONARILY SIGNIFICANT UNITS FOR THE ORANGE-FRONTED PARAKEET (EUPSITTULA CANICULARIS) IN MEXICO
Authors: Padilla-Jacobo Gabriela , Monterrubio-Rico Tiberio Cesar , Cano Camacho Horacio , Zavala-Páramo María Guadalupe
Published: February 2023

In avian conservation biology, the subspecies concept based on reciprocal monophyly has been successfully applied to define priority populations through Evolutionarily Significant Units (ESUs). In México, the Orange-fronted Parakeet (Eupsittula canicularis) ranks first in illegal parrot trade. Its distribution ranges from southern Sonora to Chiapas on the Pacific slope, with populations representing three subspecies: E. c. canicularis, E. c. eburnirostrum, and E. c. clarae. To identify and propose ESUs to assist in conservation proposals for different populations, we assessed subspecific reciprocal monophyly via phylogenetic analyses and haplotype networks based on the mitochondrial DNA genes cytochrome oxidase I y NADH dehydrogenase 2. Feather and blood samples from specimens collected from nests in 2005 and 2007 were used. A total of five specimens of E. c. eburnirostrum from two localities in the state of Michoacán and four specimens of E. c. clarae from the state of Sinaloa were analyzed and no specimens of E. c. canicularis were included. The analyses included sequences obtained by us and those previously reported for E. aurea, E. cactorum, E. canicularis, E. nana, and E. pertinax. Both the phylogenetic analyses and haplotype networks suggest two groups that correspond to two subspecies of E. canicularis based on morphological and geographical evidence. Therefore these two subspecies are proposed as independent ESUs for conservation purposes.
BREEDING BIOLOGY OF PASSERINES IN THE SUBTROPICAL BRAZILIAN ATLANTIC FOREST
Authors: Marques-Santos Fernando , Braga Talita V. , Wischhoff Uschi , Roper James J.
Published: February 2023

Information on breeding biology of birds is fundamental for the understanding of life history evolution and conservation. This information is only beginning to accumulate for Neotropical birds but the southern subtropics are still overlooked. Here we describe the breeding biology of passerines in subtropical Brazilian Atlantic Forest. We monitored 265 nests of 38 species during the 2012–2013 breeding season. Breeding began in September, but some species started as late as December. Average breeding season length was 64 days, but varied broadly across species. Average clutch sizes ranged from two to five eggs. The breeding season phenology, clutch sizes, and nesting periods were similar to other two communities at the same latitude in Argentina. Our data contribute to the debate that the combination of small clutch sizes and short breeding seasons seen in subtropical South America challenges the tropical-temperate paradigm of life-history theory.
EFECTO DEL PASTOREO POR EL CAUQUÉN COMÚN (CHLOEPHAGA PICTA) EN CULTIVOS DE TRIGO (TRITICUM DURUM)
Authors: Petracci Pablo , Zalba Sergio Martín , Delhey Valdemar , Darrieu Carlos
Published: February 2023

RESUMEN ∙ Desde 1931 y hasta años recientes, el Cauquén Común (Chloephaga picta), Real (C. poliocephala) y Colorado (C. rubidiceps), fueron considerados plaga en Argentina, atribuyéndoles daños a la agricultura por consumo de pasturas y cereales, en particular trigo. Debido a esto fueron objeto de distintos métodos de control, lo que con‐ tribuyó a su reducción poblacional. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar los efectos del pastoreo por el Cauquén Común en cultivos de trigo candeal (Triticum durum). El estudio se realizó en 2007 en la provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina, principal zona de invernada de estas especies. Para cuantificar el efecto del pastoreo sobre el rinde, se dispusieron parcelas abiertas (pastoreadas) y clausuradas (sin pastoreo) de 2,25 m2 en dos potreros. Ambos potreros fueron pastoreados con una intensidad moderada a muy alta, sin embargo, no se observaron diferencias estadística‐ mente significativas en el rendimiento final de granos. El pastoreo tampoco produjo compactación del suelo, desarraigo o quemadura de plántulas. El período de interacción cauquenes‐cultivos es breve, alrededor de un mes y medio, y sus poblaciones y tamaños de bandadas reducidos. Si bien el alcance de este estudio está restringido en tiempo y espacio, y pese a la falta de replicación, la evidencia actual sugiere que el pastoreo por el Cauquén Común no afecta en forma negativa la producción de trigo candeal y es muy probable que no sea perjudicial como se creía previamente. ABSTRACT ∙ Effects of Upland Goose (Chloephaga picta) grazing on wheat (Triticum durum) crops In Argentina, from 1931 until recent years, the Upland Goose (Chloephaga picta), Ashy‐headed Goose (C. poliocephala), and Ruddy‐headed Goose (C. rubidiceps) were considered agricultural pests, mainly due to presumed damage by grazing on pastures and cereal crops, particularly wheat. This led to multiple measures of population control which have contributed to population declines. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of grazing by Upland Goose on wheat crops (Triticum durum). An exclusion experiment was conducted during 2007 in the province of Buenos Aires, Argentina, the main wintering area of the species. Experimental grazed and non‐grazed plots of 2,25m2 were set up in two wheat fields to quantify the effects of Upland Goose grazing on yield. Both fields were grazed at moderate to high intensity, but we found no statistical differences in wheat productivity between treatments. Grazing did not lead to soil compaction, uprooting, or burning of seedlings and we found no damage on crops as assumed. The geese-crop interaction period is short, about one and a half months, and geese numbers are low. Although the scope of this study was restricted in time and space, and further replication is desirable, current evidence suggests that Upland Goose grazing has no detrimental effects on wheat production.
SITUACIÓN POBLACIONAL DEL PELÍCANO PERUANO (PELECANUS THAGUS) EN CHILE: PROSPECCIÓN INICIAL
Authors: Cursach Jaime , Rau Jaime , Gelcich Stefan , Rodríguez‐Maulén Juan
Published: February 2023

Resumen ∙ El Pelícano Peruano (Pelecanus thagus) es un ave marina endémica del Sistema de la Corriente de Humboldt, en América del Sur, habitando la costa Pacífica desde el sur de Ecuador, Perú y hasta el sur de Chile. En Perú está clasificado como una especie En Peligro de Extinción, mientras que globalmente es considerado Casi Amenazado. Si bien más del 50% del hábitat utilizado por el Pelícano Peruano se encuentra en la costa de Chile, en este país se desconoce su estado poblacional y de conservación. Por ello, el objetivo del presente trabajo fue diagnosticar la situación poblacional del Pelícano Peruano en Chile, mediante análisis de bases de datos y percepciones de ornitólogos locales. Entre los años 2010 al 2015 la abundancia del Pelícano Peruano en Chile disminuyó significativamente en la zona central de país. Existe una estacionalidad en su presencia con mayores abundancias durante la temporada invernal. La percepción de los ornitólogos locales indicó un aumento poblacional hacia el sur del país. A lo largo del litoral chileno se han descrito 24 sitios de nidificación del Pelícano Peruano, de los cuales el 29,1% se ubican dentro de un área protegida. Finalmente, identificamos futuras preguntas de investigación y sugerimos la necesidad de aplicar un enfoque meta‐poblacional y establecer marcos de colaboración internacional para el estudio y conservación del Pelícano Peruano. Abstract ∙ Population status of the Peruvian Pelican (Pelecanus thagus) in Chile: initial survey The Peruvian Pelican (Pelecanus thagus) is an endemic seabird of the Humboldt Current System in South America, inhabiting the Pacific coast from the south of Ecuador, Peru to the south of Chile. In Peru it is classified as an Endangered species, while globally it is considered Near Threatened. Although more than 50% of the habitat used by the Peruvian Pelican occurs on the coast of Chile, its population trends and conservation status remain unknown in this country. For this reason, the objective of the present work was to diagnose the population situation of the Peruvian Pelican in Chile, through the analysis of databases and perceptions of local ornithologists. Between the years 2010 and 2015 the abundance of Peruvian Pelican in Chile decreased significantly in the central zone of the country. There is seasonality in its presence, with greater abundances during the winter season. The perception of local ornithologists indicated a population increase towards the south of the country. Along the Chilean coast, 24 nesting sites of the Peruvian Pelican have been described, of which 29.1% are located inside of protected areas. Finally, we identify future research questions, suggest the need to apply a meta‐population approach, and establish international collaboration frameworks for the study and conservation of the Peruvian Pelican.
CHIMANGO CARACARA (MILVAGO CHIMANGO) ENTANGLED IN FISHING TACKLE IN SOUTHEASTERN BUENOS AIRES PROVINCE, ARGENTINA
Authors: Seco Pon Juan Pablo , Bó María Susana , Block Carolina , Galván Federico Emilio , García Germán
Published: February 2023

Abstract ∙ Abandoned, lost, or discarded fishing tackle, including monofilament lines, often result in negative impacts on a variety of birds. However, scarce information is available for South American raptors. Here we report three instances of raptor entanglements or injured birds in southeastern Buenos Aires, Argentina, all belonging to the Chimango Caracara (Milvago chimango). The sightings include one injured female (2015), and one male and two females entangles in nylon monofilament lines (2017). All observations referred to live individuals during the species’ breeding season.Resumen ∙ Chimango (Milvago chimango) enredado en aparejos de pesca en el sudeste de la provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina Las artes y aparejos de pesca abandonados, perdidos o descartados, incluidas las líneas de nylon o monofilamento, a menudo tienen un impacto negativo en una variedad de aves. Sin embargo, es escasa la información disponible para aves rapaces en América del Sur. Presentamos tres casos de aves enredadas o mutiladas en el sudeste bonaerense, Argentina; todos pertenecientes al Chimango (Milvago chimango). Los avistamientos incluyen una hembra mutilada (2015) y un macho y dos hembras enredadas en líneas de nylon o monofilamento (2017). Todos los hallazgos incluyeron individuos vivos durante la temporada reproductiva de la especie.
SEABIRDS EAST OF TIERRA DEL FUEGO, ARGENTINA DURING A 3D SEISMIC SURVEY
Authors: Seco Pon Juan Pablo , Bastida Julián , Giardino Gisela , Favero Marco , Copello Sofía
Published: February 2023

Abstract · In this study, we evaluate the relationship between the abundance of seabirds and the different phases of a seismic operation aimed at locating offshore oil fields and taking place in the high seas east of Tierra del Fuego in the southwest Atlantic Ocean. The composition of the bird assemblages and their abundances per species were recorded by means of counts throughout the seismic operation comprising a total of 75 seismic exploration stations between the end of August and the beginning of November 2012. At least 16 species of seabirds were identified, over 60% of which belonged to the Procellariiformes. Seabirds were more abundant during exploration operations in the absence of seismic activity (i.e., compressed air guns were not active). This was also true for two groups of seabirds with contrasting feeding habits (divers and surface divers/scavengers). Our study provides evidence of an avoidance behavior by an assemblage of seabirds to the sounds generated by anthropogenic activities in the Argentine Sea, Southwest Atlantic Ocean. Additionally, our results indicate the need for greater environmental regulation of human activities that introduce low frequency and high intensity sounds in the study area. Resumen · Aves marinas al este de Tierra del Fuego, Argentina durante una evaluación sísmica 3D En este trabajo evaluamos la relación entre la abundancia de aves marinas y las distintas fases de una operación sísmica destinada a la localización de yacimientos petrolíferos en alta mar frente a las costas de Tierra del Fuego, Atlántico Suroccidental. La composición de los ensambles de aves asociadas y sus abundancias por especie se registraron mediante conteos a lo largo de la operatoria sísmica, comprendiendo un total de 75 estaciones de exploración sísmica entre fines de agosto y principios de noviembre de 2012. Fueron identificadas al menos 16 especies de aves marinas, más del 60% de las cuales, fueron Procellariiformes. Las aves marinas resultaron más abundantes durante operaciones de exploración en ausencia de actividad sísmica (i.e., los cañones de aire comprimido no se encontraban activos). Esto también sucedió cuando se consideraron dos grupos de aves marinas con hábitos de alimentación contrastante (buceadores y zambullidores superficiales/ carroñeros). Este estudio proporciona evidencia de un comportamiento de evitación por parte de un ensamble de aves marinas a los sonidos generados por actividades antropogénicas en el Mar Argentino, Atlántico Suroccidental. Nuestros resultados indican la necesidad de una mayor regulación ambiental de las actividades humanas que introducen sonidos de baja frecuencia y alta intensidad en el área de estudio.
AN ANNOTATED LIST OF LATE QUATERNARY EXTINCT BIRDS OF CUBA
Authors: Orihuela Johanset
Published: February 2023

Abstract · Within the Antilles, Cuba has a peculiarly diverse fossil avifauna. However, information on this avifauna is scattered among the specialized literature. Here I provide an updated annotated taxonomic list of the fossil birds from Cuba. This list includes 35 taxa, of which 17 are endemic, 12 actually extirpated, and 6 are undefined species identified only to genus level. The list is richly diverse in raptors with varied adaptations, including giant owls with limited flight and four large barn-owls, all with anatomical adaptations that suggest pronounced ground-dwelling. The raptor list includes five hawks, five falcons, and three vultures. There are also records of an egret, a stork, a crane, a snipe, and a nighthawk. Most species seem to have become extinct in Cuba, probably during the Late Holocene.Resumen · Lista de la avifauna fósil de Cuba Cuba tiene una avifauna fósil peculiarmente diversa. No obstante, la información taxonómica al respecto se encuentra dispersa en la literatura especializada. Se presenta aquí una lista actualizada sobre la taxonomía de la avifauna fósil de Cuba, reconociéndose 35 taxones extintos, incluyendo 17 endémicos y 12 taxones localmente extinguidos o extirpados y 6 taxones identificados solo al nivel de género. Entre la fauna extinguida conocida prevalecen las aves rapaces, incluyendo búhos gigantes, lechuzas y, un teratornítido con adaptaciones que indican capacidades nulas o limitadas de vuelo. Además, hay cinco gavilanes, cinco halcones y tres buitres. También se registran una grulla, una cigüeña, una garza, un alcaraván y otras aves que se han extinguido localmente, posiblemente durante el Holoceno tardío o periodo colonial.
APORTES AL CONOCIMIENTO DE LA BIOLOGÍA REPRODUCTIVA DEL PINCHAFLOR SATINADO (DIGLOSSA LAFRESNAYII)
Authors: Molina Paul , Ordóñez-Delgado Leonardo
Published: February 2023

Resumen ∙ Describimos algunos aspectos desconocidos sobre la biología reproductiva del Pinchaflor Satinado (Diglossa lafresnayii), en base a observaciones de un nido activo registrado en el sector de Cerro de Arcos, límite provincial de El Oro y Loja, Ecuador. El nido tenia forma de copa, con similares medidas al único nido previamente descrito de la especie. En su interior se encontró un polluelo completamente emplumado y un huevo no eclosionado, el cual se describe por primera vez. Además, se reportan datos de cuidado parental sobre la eliminación y consumo de sacos fecales provenientes de la nidada.Abstract ∙ Additional notes on the breeding of Glossy Flowerpiercer (Diglossa lafresnayii) We describe some unknown aspects of the reproductive biology of the Glossy Flowerpiercer (Diglossa lafresnayii), based on observations of an active nest recorded in the Cerro de Arcos sector, the provincial boundary of El Oro and Loja, Ecuador. The nest was cup-shaped, with measures similar to the only nest previously described for the species. Inside, a fully feathered chick and an unhatched egg were found, which is described for the first time. In addition, parental care data are reported on elimination and consumption of fecal sacs from the brood.
USO DE HÁBITAT Y COMPORTAMIENTO DEL RASCÓN ANDINO (RALLUS SEMIPLUMBEUS) EN EL HUMEDAL LA CONEJERA, COLOMBIA
Authors: Perez Maria Camila , Botero-Delgadillo Esteban
Published: February 2023

El rascón andino (Rallus semiplumbeus) es un ave endémica a la cordillera oriental de Colombia, considerada en peligro de extin- ción (EN). Poco se conoce sobre sus requerimientos ecológicos y su uso del espacio en los humedales de la sabana de Bogotá. Describimos el uso del hábitat y patrones temporales de actividad vocal, basados en un monitoreo entre febrero y noviembre de 2011, en el humedal La Conejera, Bogotá, Colombia. Los datos indicaron un frecuente uso de vegetación juncoide, como ha sido reportado anteriormente. La activi- dad vocal y el uso de juncales se intensificó durante la temporada reproductiva, lo que sugiere que la especie tiene una alta especificidad hacia este hábitat. Estudios que cuantifiquen el uso respecto a la disponibilidad de hábitat serán importantes para corroborar esta aparente preferencia.
EFECTO DE LA COBERTURA VEGETAL SOBRE LA ORIENTACIÓN DE LOS NIDOS DE COTORRA (MYIOPSITTA MONACHUS, PSITTACIDAE) EN EL CENTRO DE ARGENTINA
Authors: Schaaf Alejandro Alberto
Published: February 2023

La cobertura vegetal sobre los nidos de las aves puede proporcionar protección ante diferentes factores climáticos, como los vien- tos y la radiación solar recibida. En este estudio, se examinó si la cobertura vegetal influye en la orientación de la boca de entrada de los nidos de cotorra (Myiopsitta monachus, Psittacidae) en un sitio rural del centro de Argentina. Se compararon nidos con distintos tipos de cobertura vegetal: nidos con buena cobertura (protegidos) y nidos con escasa o nula cobertura (desprotegidos). Se encontraron diferencias en la orientación media de las bocas de entrada entre los distintos tipos de cobertura vegetal; por un lado, los nidos protegidos mostraron una orientación de la boca de entrada al azar, sugiriendo que la vegetación puede proporcionar protección adicional y generar así patrones de orientación aleatorios. Por otro lado, los nidos desprotegidos mostraron una orientación de entrada no aleatoria, hacia el oeste, evitando así los vientos predominantes en la región. Este estudio muestra la importancia de considerar la cobertura vegetal en los análisis de orienta- ción de los nidos.
FIRST REPORT OF A MAGELLANIC HORNED OWL (BUBO MAGELLANICUS) NESTING IN A BUILDING BALCONY
Authors: Blanco José
Published: February 2023

The ability of a species to successfully adapt to urban areas is controlled by certain ecological limiting factors. Many owl species have a negative response to urbanization, while there are others that seem to tolerate, or even thrive, in urban environments. Here, we re- port a nest of the Magellanic Horned Owl (Bubo magellanicus) in a building balcony in a suburban area in the commune of Lo Barnechea, Santiago, Chile. The nest was found in the first week of August 2018, at first bearing a single egg. After 92 days of monitoring, two nestlings successfully abandoned the nest. The use of human-made structures by the Magellanic Horned Owl had not been previously recorded; con- sequently, this record evidences new nesting opportunities for this owl in urban areas, revealing a change in its reproductive behavior.
VOCAL ACTIVITY OF THE GREAT POTOO (NYCTIBIUS GRANDIS) IN RELATION TO MOONLIGHT: DETECTIONS IN COSTA RICA
Authors: Zárate Valentín , Juncosa-Polzella Agostina Silvia
Published: February 2023

Variations in moonlight can affect the vocal activity of many nocturnal birds, including the Great Potoo (Nyctibius grandis), a rarely seen bird usually detected through its characteristic calls. We evaluated the vocal activity of the Great Potoo in relation to moonlight in a Tropical Forest of Costa Rica. We surveyed potoos using four replicated 13-minute counts covering a single moon cycle at 31 points at La Selva Biological Station during March and April 2020. We detected seven Great Potoos on nights with 76-100% moonlight, three on nights with 51-75% moonlight, and none on nights with 0-50% moonlight. Great Potoos were more easily detected during moonlit nights, which is consistent with other studies of ‘lunarphilic’ nocturnal birds, and suggests that future studies modeling occupancy or habitat use of Great Potoos should consider moonlight as a covariate of detectability.
A REVIEW OF “ANTI-PREDATOR DISTRACTION” DISPLAY BEHAVIOR OF BIRDS OF THE FAMILY CONOPOPHAGIDAE, WITH THE FIRST PHOTOGRAPHIC DOCUMENTATION FOR THE RUFOUS GNATEATER (CONOPOPHAGA LINEATA)
Authors: Schunck Fabio , Mix Peter
Published: February 2023

“Anti-predator distraction” display behavior is well known for birds of the families Charadriidae and Scolopacidae, but it is also performed by Neotropical forest birds of the family Conopophagidae. Nevertheless, this information is rarely mentioned in compilations on the subject and in reference works. Thus, in order to make such information available, we present a compilation of published data and a documented field record of “anti-predator distraction” display behavior for the family Conopophagidae. Data were obtained through bibliographical research and searches in online ornithological data platforms. We found 12 studies with reports of this behavior for the family Conopophagidae, all of which were for the genus Conopophaga. The field record was obtained in a natural area located near the city of São Paulo in Southeast Brazil. An adult male Rufous Gnateater, Conopophaga lineata, was observed and documented performing a “broken-wing” display behavior to protect a young hatchling. The performance of “anti-predator distraction” by most species of the genus Conopophaga may be associated with high rates of nest or fledgling predation, or even be an inheritance from already extinct ancestral groups. Even though it is an apparently common behavior for this genus, there is still no specific study on “anti-predator distraction” display behavior of Neotropical forest birds, which represents a significant information gap. It is important to better understand this type of behavior and protect the natural areas were these birds of the family Conopophagidae occur.
DISTRIBUTION OF THE TUMBES TYRANT (TUMBEZIA SALVINI) WITH COMMENTS ON MARGINAL RECORDS
Authors: Gonzalez Oscar , Tovar Carolina , Pironon Samuel
Published: February 2023

We report odd records in the southernmost range of the Tumbes Tyrant (Tumbezia salvini), a near-threatened species endemic of the Tumbesian region in Peru. We assessed whether these records could be considered geographically or ecologically marginal compared to the entire species distribution. By collecting occurrence records for the species and climatic information across its range and using multivariate analysis and species distribution models, we examined the position of the odd records across its geographical distribution and climatic niche, and its range dynamics in recent years. Our results show that the newly collected records are indeed found in geographically and climatically marginal situations.  In the recent years, the species has been reported to move upward at its upper range limit but not at its lower limit, which may suggest a relatively recent range expansion. However, sampling frequency of occurrence records also increased over time, which may imply a better recent detection of the species at both its geographical and environmental margins and therefore a possible misinterpretation of its recent past range dynamics. Finally, recent temperature trends do not indicate an overall warming in the region, which might discard the hypothesis that the odd records were due to a range shift caused by climate change. The dry forest in the Tumbesian region is under serious threat by human disturbance. Further appropriate monitoring of the Tumbes Tyrant across its range and ecological niche margins through time, will help evaluate its threat and subsequent conservation status.
FEEDING ECOLOGY OF A PARROT ASSEMBLAGE IN THE BRAZILIAN CERRADO
Authors: Ragusa-Netto José
Published: February 2023

In this study, during two years, I documented the feeding habits of a parrot assemblage in response to food resources offer (abundance, nº of food species, and diversity), across a habitat mosaic in the Brazilian Cerrado. In addition, to each parrot species, I compared variations in those parameters across seasons, as well as in the feeding niche breadth. The feeding activity of every parrot species paralleled both food abundance and the number of food species available. In fact, despite fluctuations, food abundance, the number of food species, and diversity exhibited similar values through seasons, suggesting a trend for adequate food supply across the three major habitat types (palm swamp, gallery forest, and the dominant Cerrado vegetation). Excepting Orthopsittaca manilata (foraged only on Mauritia  flexuosa fruit pulp), all other five species (Ara ararauna, Amazona aestiva, Alipiopsitta xanthops, Eupsittula aurea, and Diopsittaca nobilis) showed wide feeding niche breadth. Their broad diets resulted from the opportunist use of a rich collection of seasonal food species. Moreover, they presented diet association according to plant part eaten, in which parrot’s diet displayed a gradient that had an increasingly greater dominance of seeds (A. ararauna, A. aestiva, and A. aurea), to a diet composed mainly by fruit pulp and flowers (A. xanthops, and D. nobilis). The accelerated fragmentation process of the Brazilian Cerrado has been suppressing habitat types in which unpredictable and scattered food patches might be available to parrots. Thus, conservation plans should prioritize the inclusion of habitat mosaics, at least, in the form documented here. As a concern, in the smaller Cerrado remnants, food resources available may be scarce, mainly in terms of the variety and abundance year-round required by parrots.
Portfolio Allocation Using Free Cash Flows and Other Methods
Authors: Krueger Thomas , Wrolstad Mark
Published: February 2023

There are many ways to allocate money invested in shares of common stock within one’s portfolio. The traditional and best known allocation methods are price-weighting, market capitalization-weighting, and equal-weighting. Of these three traditional allocation methods, we find that equally-weighted portfolios performed the best. More recently, attention has been focused on “fundamental weightings” which use financial statement items such as sales, total assets, net income, leverage, EBIT, and free cash flows to weight stock portfolio investments. Using a well-known set of stocks, this research provides insight into the relative advantages of using some of these alternative portfolio allocation methods. This study found that using free cash flows to weight portfolios was the only technique that outperformed equally-weighted portfolios and provided the investor with positive, statistically significant returns. It was also found that when using free cash flows to weight the portfolios, levels of free cash flows were more important that trends.
Development of Optimal Stock Portfolio Selection Model in the Tehran Stock Exchange by Employing Markowitz Mean-Semivariance Model
Authors: Sadeghi Soheila , Marjani Taimoor , Hassani Ali , Moreno Jose
Published: February 2023

In an increasingly complex financial market, selecting the optimal stock portfolio has become a subject of intense debate. This study aims to develop a model for optimal stock portfolio selection. We apply Markowitz's mean-semivariance approach to determine the downside risk of portfolios, which reflects investors' intuitive perception of risk. In the first stage, the combination of the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) with interval data is employed to identify and rank good quality stocks according to the recommended criteria by experts. After selecting qualified stocks, in the second phase, we create portfolios, and the weight invested in each stock is determined. Then, three portfolios are created for three groups of risk-averse, neutral to risk, and risk-taker investors. The mean-semivariance optimization model is used in this phase. The proposed approach in the paper is implemented in a real case study of the Tehran stock exchange (TSE). Three portfolios for three groups of investors were evaluated and compared to the market performance using sharp criteria. All three portfolios outperformed the market portfolio both in terms of risk and return. The proposed model of this study can be utilized as a decision support tool when forming an optimal stock portfolio by considering both experts’ opinions on stock evaluation and investor risk preferences simultaneously.
Cities of the Moscow Capital Region: official and real
Authors: Makhrova A.G. , Babkin R.A.
Published: February 2023

The article considers methodological approaches and criteria for the delimitation of urban settlements within larger metropolitan areas by the case of Moscow region. It is shown that the techniques using mobile operator data provide good results for the identification of “true” cities. It allows to identify a city in its “physical” borders by 500x500 m cells as a lowest territorial unit and more correctly reflect the number of the population. The most applicable method turned out to be based on the indicators of the population of continuous built-up areas of over 15 thousand people and population density of over 1000 people/km2. As an additional criterion the existing and former borders of settlements are taken into account that despite their subjective nature, perform a barrier function. According to the proposed methodology, 92 “true” cities were allocated in Moscow region against 76 existing cities (outside former borders of Moscow). These, along with some of the official cities, included large urban-type settlements and villages, abolished cities and towns, as well as conglomerates of several small settlements, including those in New Moscow. The belt-sector structure of “real” cities distribution duplicates the pattern of the urban settlement network with higher concentration in nearest suburbs and in eastern sector of the region. As well as for the official cities of the region, Rosstat underestimates population for centers located up to 40 km from the MKAD, and overestimates it in more remote cities.