bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
НЕЙРОПРОТЕКТОРНІ ВЛАСТИВОСТІ α-ЛІПОЄВОЇ КИСЛОТИ У ХВОРИХ НА ДІАБЕТ
Authors: Соколова Любов , Пушкарьов Володимир , Тронько Микола
Published: December 2021

В огляді наведені дані, що свідчать про зв'язок діабету з порушеннями когнітивних здібностей людини. При цукровому діабеті (ЦД) спостерігаються серйозні структурні і функціональні зміни в нервовій системі і її кровоносних судинах. ЦД прискорює розвиток хвороби Альцгеймера, стимулюючи утворення сенильних бляшок і нейрофібрилярних клубочків. Ключовими факторами даного ускладнення діабету є гіпер- і гіпоглікемія, а також порушення передачі сигналів інсуліну/IGF. α-ліпоєва кислота (α-LA) - сильний природний антиоксидант, який впливає на низку клітинних процесів, включаючи пряме видалення радикалів, хелатування металів, регенерацію ендогенних антиоксидантів, таких як вітаміни С і Е, модуляцію активності факторів транскрипції, пов’язаних з експресією клітинних антиоксидантів. α-LA діє також, як кофактор біоенергетичних мітохондріальних ферментів. Показано, що вона покращує функцію ендотелію та кровотік, відновлює пошкоджені клітини в ЦНС, а також прискорює синтез глютатіону, який відіграє вирішальну роль у регулюванні експресії декількох антиоксидантних та протизапальних генів, володіє протидіабетичними властивостями.

Отже, сучасні дані надійно свідчать про те, що α-LA характеризується потужними нейропротективними ефектами і здатна покращувати когнітивні параметри, усуваючи порушення, пов’язані з різноманітними нейродегенеративними розладами (хвороби Альцгеймера, Паркінсона, Хантінгтона, розсіяний склероз, пошкодження спинного мозку та ін.), впливом нейротоксинів, металів, а також з нормальним старінням. α-LA покращує пам'ять, у різних парадигмах навчання та пам'яті, включаючи аверсивну, просторову та розпізнавальну пам'ять.

В основі біохімічних механізмів дії α-LA лежать її позитивні ефекти щодо інсулінового рецептора, сигнального шляху PI3K/Akt та рівня Nrf2, а також пригнічення ключового прозапального фактора NF-κB, експресії і секреції запальних цитокінів і медіаторів, таких як PGE2, COX-2, iNOS, TNF-α, IL-1β та IL-6.
Patients’ Perspectives on Qualitative Olfactory Dysfunction: Thematic Analysis of Social Media Posts (Preprint)
Authors: Parker Jane K , Kelly Christine E , Smith Barry C , Kirkwood Aidan F , Hopkins Claire , Gane Simon
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND

The impact of qualitative olfactory disorders is underestimated. Parosmia, the distorted perception of familiar odors, and phantosmia, the experience of odors in the absence of a stimulus, can arise following postinfectious anosmia, and the incidences of both have increased substantially since the outbreak of COVID-19.

OBJECTIVE

The aims of this study are to explore the symptoms and sequalae of postinfectious olfactory dysfunction syndrome using unstructured and unsolicited threads from social media, and to articulate the perspectives and concerns of patients affected by these debilitating olfactory disorders.

METHODS

A thematic analysis and content analysis of posts in the AbScent Parosmia and Phantosmia Support group on Facebook was conducted between June and December 2020.

RESULTS

In this paper, we identify a novel symptom, olfactory perseveration, which is a triggered, identifiable, and usually unpleasant olfactory percept that persists in the absence of an ongoing stimulus. We also observe fluctuations in the intensity and duration of symptoms of parosmia, phantosmia, and olfactory perseveration. In addition, we identify a group of the most common items (coffee, meat, onion, and toothpaste) that trigger distortions; however, people have difficulty describing these distortions, using words associated with disgust and revulsion. The emotional aspect of living with qualitative olfactory dysfunction was evident and highlighted the detrimental impact on mental health.

CONCLUSIONS

Qualitative and unsolicited data acquired from social media has provided useful insights into the patient experience of parosmia and phantosmia, which can inform rehabilitation strategies and ongoing research into understanding the molecular triggers associated with parosmic distortions and research into patient benefit.
The efficacy of a multi-strategy behavioral intervention on improving the nutritional quality of high school students’ lunch purchases from online canteens (Click & Crunch High Schools): a pilot cluster randomized controlled trial. (Preprint)
Authors: Delaney Tessa , Yoong Sze Lin , Lamont Hannah , Wolfenden Luke , Clinton-McHarg Tara , Lecathelinais Christophe , Sutherland Rachel , Wyse Rebecca
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND

High school canteens are a recommended setting for public health nutrition intervention. The rapid uptake of online lunch ordering within school canteens provides a unique opportunity to support the purchase healthier lunch items via the use of choice architecture strategies. Despite this, no trial has tested the efficacy of choice architecture strategies within an online lunch ordering system on improving the nutritional quality of high school student lunch purchases.

OBJECTIVE

To assess the impact of embedding choice architecture strategies into an online lunch ordering system (menu labelling, prompts, item positioning, and feedback) on the nutritional quality of the school canteen lunch purchases of high school students (aged 12-19 years).

METHODS

A cluster randomized controlled trial was conducted with nine high schools in one Australian state. Schools were randomized to receive either the choice architecture intervention, or usual online ordering. Nutrient quality was assessed using routine data collected by the online ordering system. Primary outcomes were the proportion of ‘Everyday’, ‘Occasional’, and ‘Should Not Be Sold’ items purchased, categorized using the state healthy canteen policy. Secondary outcomes were the mean energy, saturated fat, sugar, and sodium content of purchases. Linear mixed models were analyzed to assess outcomes.

RESULTS

There were significant between group differences over time for the intervention group for the mean percentage of online lunch items per student that were ‘Everyday’ (+5.5%; [95% CI 2.2, 8.9]; P <0.001) and ‘Should Not Be Sold’ (-4.4%; [95% CI -7.0, -1.8]; P <0.001). There were no between group differences over time in the mean percentage of online lunch items that were ‘Occasional’ or the average energy, saturated fat, sugar, or sodium content of lunch orders.

CONCLUSIONS

These findings suggest that a low intensity, choice architecture intervention embedded within an online ordering system can increase the purchase of healthier food items for high school students.

CLINICALTRIAL

This trial was prospectively registered on Open Science Framework on 23rd October 2020 as osf.io/h8zfr.
Ефективність та безпечність засобів догляду за порожниною рота
Authors: Mazur I.P. , Mazur P.V.
Published: December 2021

У статті подано класифікацію основних антисептичних хіміотерапевтичних активних речовин, що використовуються в засобах індивідуальної гігієни для догляду за порожниною рота. Проведено аналіз ефективності та безпечності активних інгредієнтів зубних паст та ополіскувачів. Наведений аналіз літературних джерел щодо клінічної ефективності застосування комбінації амінофториду з фторидом олова в превенції утворення зубного нальоту та запальних процесів ротової порожнини.
New Management Service Mode in RFID University Libraries
Authors: Zhang Qiyun
Published: December 2021

With the adoption of RFID in library, many technical and management problems occur, such as the unmet needs of library due to insufficient RFID device function, the standards to be unified, the invasion of privacy, the lack of supervision on book damage and the mis-shelving. This paper puts forward new methods to promote the application of RFID in library based on the analysis of the management service mode of library.
POTENTIAL OF HERBAL MEDICINE IN ASIA FOR ORAL CANDIDIASIS THERAPY: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors: MEGAWATI ANI , WAHYUNI INDAH SUASANI
Published: December 2021

The objective of this review was to provide antifungal recommendations for Oral Candidiasis (OC) derived from herbal medicine based on the research results of the last 5 y. This systematic review was conducted according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines using the PubMed and Science Direct databases with studies published between 2016 and 2021. The review was conducted on 13 studies, in vitro and clinical trial. A total of 41 species of plants have studied its antifungal effects on Candida albicans. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Fungicidal Concentration (MFC) varied in the range of 0.098 µl/ml to 125 µl/ml for different types of plants and Candida samples, while the mean inhibition zone (ZOI) was 11 mm. The most recommended herbal medicine for the development of antifungal drugs for oral candidiasis therapy were Nigella sativa, Lawsonia inermis, and Zingiber officinale.
COMPARES mRNA AND ADENOVIRUS-BASED SARS-CoV-2 VACCINES
Authors: FAADHILAH HISA , WISEVA KARINA O. , WIDYASTUTI FRIDA , WATHONI NASRUL
Published: December 2021

This review is aimed at looking at the Covid-19 vaccine, formula and comparison of mRNA (Moderna and Pfizer) and adenovirus vector (AstraZeneca) vaccines that have been circulating in terms of administration, effectiveness, safety, side effects, contraindications, and in terms of price. This review was conducted by taking some literature from a database that focuses on the Covid vaccine, the development of the Covid vaccine, the Moderna vaccine, the Pfizer vaccine, and the AstraZeneca vaccine. Three vaccines, 2 were mRNA-based vaccines (Moderna and Pfizer) and 1, namely AstraZeneca, was based on adenovirus vectors. The results obtained are from international journals with the keyword comparison of mRNA vaccine and adenovirus vector, then the results show that the comparison can be seen through the method carried out. Some vaccines have their own advantages and disadvantages. When viewed from several aspects, such as administration which has different doses. Then seen from the effectiveness of the three vaccines have a sufficient value because they are above 80%. For safety, it has passed clinical trials in humans, but there are still shortcomings in each vaccine of course. Vaccines derived from mRNA (Moderna) are the most expensive vaccines because of the highest safety.
DEVELOPMENT AND PSYCHOMETRIC TESTING OF KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE, AND PRACTICE ON COVID-19 OUTBREAK QUESTIONNAIRE (KAPCovQ) FOR GENERAL COMMUNITY
Authors: KARUNIAWATI HIDAYAH , YULIANTI TRI , DEWI LISTIANA MASYITA , MAULIDA WIDYANA ATMA , LAELA NUR , AYU SEKAR MELATI KUSUMANING
Published: December 2021

Objective: To develop a valid and reliable questionnaire about knowledge, attitudes, and practices towards Covid-19 (KAPCovQ) in the general community based on psychometric properties.

Methods: This study consisted of item development, scale development, and scale evaluation. Item development was based on literature review and content validity by experts. Scale development was conducted by pre-testing ten respondents. Scale evaluation was assessed using 375 respondents. Scale evaluation included construct validity with exploratory factor analysis (EFA) followed by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and reliability test with Cronbach’s α, composite reliability, and test-retest reliability.

Results: The final KAPCovQ consisted of 3 domains with 31 items. Twelve items of the knowledge domain met the acceptable range for item analysis. Three factors of attitude domain and one factor of practice domain showed that 59.13% and 57.97% of the total variance respectively were identified in EFA. The result of the CFA for both attitude and practices domain indicated acceptable fit indices for the proposed model. The CFA model fit indices of attitude domain were χ2/df 2.05, p-value 0.01, GFI 0.92, RMSEA 0.07, TLI 0.90, CFI 0.92, and PNFI 0.64 and practices domain were χ2/df 1.18, p-value 0.28, GFI 0.98, RMSEA 0.03, TLI 0.98, CFI 0.99, and PNFI 0.54. Knowledge and all factors in the attitude and practice domain had an acceptable range in internal consistency reliability and test-retest reliability.

Conclusion: The finding of this study demonstrated that KAPCovQ is valid and reliable for measuring the KAP on Covid-19 in the general community.
SINGLE-NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISM OF TNFSF4 (RS2205960) OF SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS PATIENTS IN BANDUNG, INDONESIA
Authors: KARYADI ANGELA APRILIA , WILLY ERICA , KENNARDI GABRIEL BAGUS , PRATAMA MUHAMMAD SYAWAL , FAJAR DESI RESKI , HAMIJOYO LANIYATI , AMALIA RIEZKI , BARLIANA MELISA INTAN
Published: December 2021

Objective: This study aimed to determine the genotype distribution of the TNFSF4 (Tumor Necrosis Factor Superfamily 4) gene rs2205960 in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) patients in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study; 84 genomic DNA samples were amplified, electrophoresed, then analyzed by DNA sequencing.

Results: The genotype distribution of the TNFSF4 gene rs2205960 in SLE patients showed that from 84 DNA samples, 55 patients are GG (65.48%), 25 patients are GT (29.76%), and 4 patients are TT (4.76%).

Conclusion: Results indicate that SLE patients in Bandung have a genotype distribution of the TNFSF4 rs2205960 gene that fulfills the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.
ANTIDIARRHEAL ACTIVITY TEST OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF WHITE POMEGRANATE PEEL (PUNICA GRANATUM L.) IN MALE WHITE MICE (MUS MUSCULUS), SWISS WEBSTER LINE USING THE INTESTINAL TRANSIT METHOD
Authors: RAHAYUNINGSIH NUR , OKTAVIAN ROFFY , NOFIANTI TITA
Published: December 2021

Objective: Diarrheal disease and its complications remain a major cause of morbidity and mortality in children, especially in developing countries. It is usually a symptom of an infection in the intestinal tract, which can be caused by a variety of bacterial, viral, parasitic or organisms. The purpose of this study was to determine the activity and dose of white pomegranate peel (Punica granatum L.) ethanol extract as an antidiarrheal in white male mice using the intestinal transit method.

Methods: Mice were grouped into 5 groups: negative control (Na CMC 1 %), positive control (loperamide HCl 0.0104 mg/20 g mice BW), and pomegranate peel ethanol extract test group 1, 2, and 3 (dose of 16, 32, and 64 mg/20 g mice BW). The length of the intestine that the ink marker traversed from the pylorus to the end (which is black) was measured using a ruler.

Results: Based on statistical analysis, there were significant differences between all groups (<0.05). The highest antidiarrheal activity was in the ethanolic extract of pomegranate peel at a dose of 64 mg/20 g mice BW with an inhibition percentage of 36.44% and higher than the positive control (29.81%). The inhibition percentage was also resulted by dose 1 and 2 (12.46% and 29.53%, respectively).

Conclusion: From these results show a correlation that the higher the extract dose, the higher the antidiarrheal potential.
MELOXICAM SELF-NANOEMULSIFYING DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM: FORMULATION AND RELEASE KINETICS ANALYSIS
Authors: AULIA SALMA , WINARTI LINA , WICAKSONO YUDI
Published: December 2021

Objective: This study aimed to find the best SNEDDS meloxicam formula and analyze the release kinetics of meloxicam SNEDDS and non-SNEDDS using DDSolver. 

Methods: Meloxicam SNEDDS was prepared using sunflower seed oil, Cremophor RH 40 as a surfactant, and polyethylene glycol (PEG) 400 as a co-surfactant. 

Results: The best formula obtained subjected to the in vitro dissolution study was analyzed using DDSolver. The study shows one selected formula consists of 10% sunflower seed oil, 70% cremophor RH 40, and 20% PEG 400 with a 20.5 nm±12 nm droplet size. The dissolution study showed that SNEDDS could significantly increase the meloxicam release compared to the non-SNEDDS formulation. The kinetics of meloxicam release from SNEDDS formulations follow the Weibull release model (β = 1.00). 

Conclusion: This study concludes that SNEDDS best prepared in sunflower seeds oil: Chremophor RH 40: PEG 400 ratio of 1: 7: 2 and has the potency to increase the solubility and dissolution of meloxicam.
ISOLATION AND DETERMINATION CARPAINE ALKALOID IN PAPAYA (CARICA PAPAYA L.) LEAF EXTRACT BY THIN-LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY SCANNER
Authors: SUSILAWATI YASMIWAR , SAPTARINI NYI MEKAR , RAMADHANIA ZELIKA MEGA , HALIMAH ELI , ULFAH NAILAH NURJIHAN
Published: December 2021

Objective: This research was conducted to isolate the alkaloid carpaine by chromatography method and to determine it quantitatively by Thin Layer Chromatography Scanner.

Methods: Dried leaves were macerated with ethanol 70% and fractionated with dichloromethane. Isolation of carpaine alkaloid from the dichloromethane fraction was carried out by column chromatography and preparative thin-layer chromatography according to the Rf value in Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) after exposure by Dragendorff reagent.

Results: The content of carpaine alkaloid was 7.5 mg with Rf 0.58 and dichloromethane: methanol (9.2:0.8) as eluent. Validation showed the linearity (R2) 0.9988, the limit of detection(LOD) was 0.05 ppm, the Limit of Quantification (LOQ) was 0.19 ppm, the recovery from 98.93-102.43%, and the % coefficient of variation was 0.16%.

Conclusion: Carpaine alkaloid in papaya leaf extract was 10.52%.
The Effect of Trichoderma Biourine Application on Growth, Occurrence of Fusarium Wilt Disease and Yield of Several Shallot Varieties
Authors: Sudantha I Made , Suwardji Suwardji
Published: December 2021

Biourine is a liquid fertilizer that contains complete elements, namely nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in small amounts as well as zinc, iron, manganese, and copper. Biourine can provide an increase in plant yields that is almost the same as plant fertilizers, besides that it can control Fusarium wilt disease. This study aims to determine the effect of Trichoderma biourin application on plant growth, Fusarium wilt disease and onion yield. The research was conducted using an experimental method in Senteluk Village, Batu Layar District, West Lombok Regency, West Nusa Tenggara using a Split Plot Design consisting of 2 factors. As the main plot, the shallot varieties consist of three levels, namely Bali Karet, Ampenan and Keta Monca, while as a sub-plot, the Trichoderma biourin application method consists of four levels, namely: without biourine, spraying the soil surface, spraying seed tubers, and spraying on plants 21 days after planting. The treatment was a combination of shallot varieties and Trichoderma biourine application method, each of which was repeated three times, so there were 36 experimental units. The results showed that: (a) The application of liquid biourine by spraying the soil surface, spraying seed tubers and spraying on plants 21 days after planting could increase the growth and yield of shallot bulbs. (b) The Bali Karet shallots varieties are more resistant to Fusarium wilt disease when compared to Ampenan and Keta Monca varieties.
Presentación
Authors: Anzaldo Montoya Mónica , Saldívar Tanaka Laura
Published: December 2021

El presente número de Mundo Nano está dedicado al asunto de la gobernanza, las políticas públicas y la regulación de las nanociencias, la nanotecnología y sus productos. El número cuenta con textos que analizan la situación de las nanotecnologías en seis países de la región: Argentina, Brasil, Costa Rica, México, Uruguay y Venezuela. El lector encontrará dos textos sobre gobernanza, uno con énfasis en nanomedicina y otro en el aspecto laboral; de regulación también hay textos sobre las experiencias brasileña y argentina. Hay dos textos que analizan las políticas públicas, uno para el caso en México, y aspectos de innovación de Costa Rica, Uruguay y Venezuela, tres países donde el tema de la nanotecnología es emergente.
Employing Graph Theory on Social Networks by Data Encryption to Enhance Privacy
Authors: Shalini P.
Published: December 2021

Abstract: Now a day’s users of Online Social Network have been increased by the Internet usage. As huge number of online social Network users, it becomes more and more interactive and privacy becomes a matter of increasing concern. To solve this problem, graph structure, Proposed Algorithm, Encryption Algorithm used, which excludes the users which combine the information of the status of privacy users. By using these methods, the experiment can be done which helps to show how the server works in between the sender and receiver and to receive their information without knowing third parties. And it would be easier by using graph that shows it can be efficiently helps the users to improve their privacy disclosure. Keywords: Graph theory, social network, Privacy, Data Encryption, end to end encryption, Encryption Algorithm.
A Review on Spam Detection Techniques for IOT Devices
Authors: Fahim Nurussabah Mohammad
Published: December 2021

Abstract: The number of Internet of Things (IoT) devices in smart homes is rapidly increasing, generating massive volumes of data that is mostly transmitted over wireless communication channels. The amount of data released by these gadgets increased as well. Aside from the increasing volume, the IoT gadget generates a significant amount of data. Having varied data quality characterised by its speed in terms of time and position in various different modalities dependence. However, different IoT devices are vulnerable to different dangers, such as cyber-attacks and changing network conditions. Data leakage, connections, and so on. The properties of IoT nodes, on the other hand, make the current solutions obsolete. inadequate to cover the entire security range of IoT networks Machine learning can help in this situation. Algorithms can be useful in detecting irregularities in data, which improves the security of IoT systems. The methods are aimed at the data anomalies that exist in the smart Internet in general.
Coffee crop weeds: refuge and food source for pests’ natural enemies
Authors: Arévalo Leonel Fernando , Vasco R. Germán Felipe , Albino-Bohórquez Arledys , Morales Jessica , Bacca Tito
Published: December 2021

Weeds in coffee crops have diverse ecosystem services, such as sheltering and feeding natural enemies of pest insects. This study aimed to identify the potential of coffee weeds as food and refuge for natural enemies in shaded and sun coffee crops. Weeds were sampled in a 100 m transect installed in each type of coffee crop. Malaise traps and sweep-nets were both used to capture insects every 15 days for five months. After identifying the dominant weeds, observations and a direct recollection of insects were carried out at three different hours during three days. Faunistic analyses were performed, as well as the Bray and Curtis similarity analysis and the Student's t test. Emilia sonchifolia, Acmella oppositifolia, Bidens pilosa were predominant in the free exposure sun plantation coffee crops and Commelina diffusa, Salvia palifolia, Stachytarpheta cayennensis in under shade coffee crops. High insect activity was found between 11:30 am-12:00 pm. In these weeds, we found about 15 families, the most important were Formicidae, Braconidae, and Coccinellidae. We concluded that the shaded coffee crops exhibited a natural enemy community similar to that of the sun. Through this exploratory study, we verified that weeds harbor a diversity of natural enemies important to the coffee agroecosystems.
Evaluation of weight, caloric intake, and behavior of rats after bilateral ablation of the nucleus accumbens shell
Authors: Martini Carolina Simão , França Willy Marcus , Canabarro Luciana , Nakabashi Fábio , Aguiar Paulo Henrique Pires de
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Deep brain stimulation and ablation of certain regions of the brain are being widely used in research aiming to link some region of the cortex with certain psychiatric disorders. The nucleus accumbens, for example, belonging to the basal ganglia, responsible for modulating the reward system and limbic-motor integration, according to studies, is related to the pathophysiology of alterations in neurotransmitters and neuronal connections in anorexia nervosa. Research in animals and humans reinforces this theory. Objective: To evaluate whether even in healthy rats, it is possible to observe changes in eating patterns and behavior that would justify such relationship. Materials and methods: A total of 24 female Wistar rats were randomly divided into experimental group (n=20) and control group (n=4). The rats in the experimental group underwent surgery with bilateral ablation of the nucleus accumbens shell using a stereotactic-guided radiofrequency needle. After surgery, the rats had their weights and caloric intake measured daily. Their behavior was empirically observed and then compared with that exhibited by the control group. Results: Regarding behavioral changes, it was observed an exaggerated increase in grooming, sniffing, searching/exploration, and avoidance/escape. Aggressiveness was present in only one animal of the experimental group. Regarding weight gain and caloric intake, a statistically significant relationship was found between them in relation to the time after the surgical intervention, when comparing the experimental and control groups. Discussion/Conclusion: In this study we investigated whether even in healthy rats, performing an inhibition – ablation of the Nucleus Accumbens – would cause an increase in caloric intake and consequently weight of the rats, and whether the procedure would cause changes in their behavior. From the results obtained we can infer that such assumption is true. Moreover, other research, both in humans and animals, support the data and the connection of the Nucleus Accumbens given by the reward system, to psychiatric disorders, in this case, anorexia nervosa. More investigations are necessary to further elucidate such interactions and consequences.
Análise epidemiológica da hemorragia subaracnoidea espontânea no serviço de neurocirurgia do hospital das clínicas da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia
Authors: Araújo Bruno do Amaral Fonseca , Castro Guilherme Duarte de , Santos Marcelo Batista Chioato dos , Resende Elmiro Santos
Published: December 2021

Introdução: A hemorragia subaracnoidea espontânea é um desafio na prática médica devido à sua elevada morbimortalidade. Sua causa na maioria dos casos é a presença de um aneurisma intracraniano roto, o que aumenta o desafio devido à complexidade de seu tratamento. Conhecer a doença e suas complicações é fundamental no processo de melhoria contínua do tratamento ofertado à população. Objetivo: O objetivo do presente trabalho foi fazer uma análise epidemiológica da hemorragia subaracnoidea (HSA) espontânea em pacientes atendidos no nosso serviço durante o período de um ano, a fim de comparar essa casuística com a literatura vigente e traçar o perfil epidemiológico do agravo na região de abrangência do nosso hospital. Materiais e métodos: Durante o período do estudo foram acompanhados os pacientes com HSA espontânea, admitidos em nosso serviço, coletando-se as informações condizentes à epidemiologia, condução dos casos e desfecho, as quais foram analisadas e comparadas com as da literatura. Resultados: Foram incluídos 33 pacientes portadores de HSA espontânea, com incidência calculada de 2,64 casos por 100.000 habitantes por ano. O número de indivíduos do sexo feminino foi 3,7 vezes superior em relação ao sexo masculino. A idade média dos pacientes foi de 50,84 anos. A mortalidade geral foi de 30,30%. Dentre os casos acompanhados, 51% apresentaram aneurismas múltiplos na angiografia. Na evolução, 54% dos sobreviventes apresentaram sequelas neurológicas graves e 46% tinham independência funcional no momento da alta hospitalar. Conclusões: Verificamos que o nosso serviço atende a uma casuística semelhante à descrita na literatura médica estudada. Encontramos, entretanto, peculiaridades tal como incidência mais baixa da HSA espontânea, aumento da proporção de mulheres para homens e alta incidência de aneurismas múltiplos. A partir dos resultados, concluímos também a necessidade de melhoramento contínuo no manejo dessa complexa entidade nosológica.
Moyamoya disease
Authors: Fonseca Gustavo Soares Gomes Barros , França Caio Nuto Leite , Fontoura Emilio Afonso Franca , Coelho Cláudia Nery do Nascimento , Silva Abilio Costa e
Published: December 2021

Background: Moyamoya disease (MMD) is a rare pathology caused by a progressive unilateral or bilateral stenosis of the terminal portion of the internal carotid artery, leading to the development of collateral vessels. Case Presentation: We report a rare case of a 46-year-old male, born in the city of São Paulo, Brazil, with sudden muscular strength deficit and right hemiparesis, associated with headache and emesis. A priori, the initial diagnosis was arteriovenous malformation (AVM) after performing a series of complementary tests during the patient’s follow-up, also considering the clinical picture similar to that of Moyamoya disease (MMD). The conclusive diagnosis of MMD was finally established when the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a network of tortuous and dilated collateral vessels, with a hazy “smoke cloud” aspect with stenosis of the M1 segment of the middle cerebral artery (MCA), branch of the artery internal carotid artery (ICA). Conclusion: The recommended treatment was surgical revascularization with extracranial-intracranial bypass, with a favorable prognosis to the patient.
Post-operative meningeal thickening seen on magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Morais Rafaela Queiroz de , Silva Rodrigo M. da , Corrêa Diogo G.
Published: December 2021

Posterior fossa tumors are relatively common in children, and the meningeal dissemination of these tumors is well established in the literature. Although leptomeningeal dissemination is more common in high-grade tumors, even low-grade tumors can generate meningeal metastases. In this case report, we would like to discuss the importance of leptomeningeal dissemination assessment of posterior fossa tumors in children, in the preoperative period, through the entire neuroaxis magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This is important since transient meningeal thickening is very common in the postoperative periods of neurosurgical patients, and can be found for up to 5 or 6 years after surgery, causing these patients to undergo prolonged follow-ups and repeated MRIs and lumbar punctures.
Superficial temporal artery pseudoaneurysm as cause of refractory headache
Authors: Cavalcante Neto Joaquim Francisco , Oliveira Sebastião Carlos de Sousa , Esmeraldo Mateus Aragão , Brito Júnior Francisco Abdoral , Leal Paulo Roberto Lacerda , Moreira Cláudio Henrique Souza , Ribeiro Espártaco Morais Lima , Cristino Filho Geraldo , Ponte Keven Ferreira da
Published: December 2021

Case presentation: A 36-year-old male presented with moderate, progressive headache, in the left temporal region, irradiating to the ipsilateral frontal region, with several months of evolution, refractory to analgesic medication, including opioids. He reported a closed traumatic brain injury (TBI) 5 years before in a motorcycle collision with an automobile, without a helmet. At the physical examination, it was possible to verify a pulsatile mass measuring 1.5 cm in diameter, with fremitus, in the left temporal region. The magnetic resonance imaging scan presented a round lesion, encapsulated, on the course of the superficial temporal artery (STA). The digital subtraction angiography confirmed the diagnosis of STA pseudoaneurysm. A surgical resection of the aneurysm was performed, leading to the complete resolution of the headache. Discussion: The STA pseudoaneurysm is a rare condition, representing less than 1% of aneurysms, usually presenting as a late complication of TBI. The majority of cases are asymptomatic, although focal symptoms and even bleeding may occur. The presentation with a chronic refractory headache is exceptional. Its treatment is indicated for local symptom resolution, aesthetic purposes, and rupture prevention, done by clipping and resection of the pseudoaneurysm. Conclusion: Even though unusual, the awareness of this condition is important for the etiological diagnosis of a persistent temporal headache in a patient with a history of TBI.
Analysis of myelomalacia and posterior longitudinal Ligament ossification as prognostic factors in patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy submitted to laminoplasty
Authors: Antikievicz Desirée Elizabeth Pasqualetto , Rossi Giulio Bartié , Maldaun Marcos Vinicius Calfatt , Aguiar Paulo Henrique Pires de , Gripp Daniel , Marchi Cassiano de , Sousa Luiz Vinícius de Alcantara
Published: December 2021

Background: Cervical spondylotic myelopathy is a degenerative disease of the intervertebral disc and vertebral body of the spine that causes cervical spinal cord injury due to central vertebral canal stenosis. Its prevalence is higher in the elderly. Treatment is usually surgical when the spinal cord is affected either clinically with pyramidal release or radiologically with the altered spinal cord. Objective: The rationale of this study is to analyze the myelomalacia and the ossification of posterior longitudinal ligament as prognostic factors in the postoperative evolution of patients with cervical canal compression who underwent laminoplasty by open-door or french-door techniques. Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of 18 surgical cases of spondylotic cervical myelopathy of the same senior neurosurgeon, using the chi-square test to analyze prognostic factors for patients’ postoperative evolution in the Nurick scale, after open-door or french-door laminoplasty. Results: The comparison between pre and postoperative showed an improvement of 71.43% of cases that did not have ligament ossification compared to 45.45% of cases that presented posterior longitudinal ligament ossification. Also, there was a better prognosis in patients without myelomalacia, as 71.43% of them improved their condition against only 45.45% improvement in those with myelomalacia. Conclusion: There is a need for further studies with larger samples to expressively prove that the presence of longitudinal ligament ossification and the previous presence of myelomalacia are factors of worse prognosis in the postoperative evolution of patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy submitted to laminoplasty.
Aneurisma em trifurcação de artéria cerebral média
Authors: Cobucci Fernanda Lopes Rocha , Rigueiral Melissa Esposito Gomes , Almeida Joana Ferro Machado de , Gonzaga Raphael Vinícius Vieira , Pacheco César Cozar , Pingarilho Alexandre Rezende , Medeiros Roger Thomaz Rotta , Aguiar Paulo Henrique Pires de , Franceschini Paulo Roberto
Published: December 2021

A artéria cerebral média tem anatomia microcirúrgica e complexidade únicas. Uma verdadeira trifurcação da artéria cerebral média é rara, ocorrendo em apenas 12% dos hemisférios cerebrais. Apresentamos aqui uma revisão da literatura e um caso incomum de aneurisma de trifurcação da artéria cerebral média. Este aneurisma foi encontrado incidentalmente em uma tomografia computadorizada de seguimento em paciente assintomático para neoplasia de cabeça e pescoço. A angiografia cerebral digital diagnosticou um aneurisma sacular localizado no ramo inferior da trifurcação da artéria cerebral média direita (transição M1- M2). O paciente foi submetido a craniotomia pterional clássica com clipagem microcirúrgica bem-sucedida. No pós-operatório, o paciente estava clinica e neurologicamente sem complicações. Os aneurismas representam uma condição rara, respondendo por aproximadamente 5 a 10% da prevalência na população em geral e há uma prevalência ligeiramente maior quando avaliado idade e sexo. Então, pode-se dizer que os aneurismas de trifurcação da artéria cerebral média descritos nesse estudo são uma condição ainda mais rara, decorrentes de um distúrbio patológico do vaso que leva à uma hidrodinâmica e ao desenvolvimento do aneurisma.
Mayfield: do epônimo ao centro cirúrgico
Authors: Bem Júnior Luiz Severo , Silva Júnior Paulo Roberto da , Silva Arícia Aragão , Lopes José Gustavo de Aguiar , Gemir Júlia Lins , Azevedo Filho Hildo Rocha Cirne de
Published: December 2021

Introdução: A estabilidade e o correto posicionamento do paciente são alguns dos diversos fatores que influenciam no êxito de uma neurocirurgia. Nesse contexto, o Dr. Frank Mayfield contribuiu com a criação do fixador craniano de três pinos. Objetivo: Avaliar as contribuições do Dr. Mayfield à Neurocirurgia e discutir as principais indicações, cuidados e complicações decorrentes do uso do fixador craniano. Métodos: Busca no banco de dados Pubmed, em quatro etapas, empregando as seguintes combinações: “Mayfield” AND “Neurosurgery” AND “Biography”; “Skull clamp” AND “hemodynamic”; “Mayfield clamp” AND “Surgical instrument” e “Mayfield clamp” AND “Complications”. Ao final, 21 artigos foram incluídos no estudo. Discussão: Frank Mayfield foi um grande neurocirurgião, sendo responsável pela criação de relevantes instrumentos neurocirúrgicos e dentre eles, o fixador craniano de três pinos. Sua utilização, apesar de segura, não é isenta de riscos e demanda do neurocirurgião amplo conhecimento da anatomia craniana. Ainda que incomuns, diferentes complicações já foram descritas, como embolia gasosa venosa, hematoma epidural e fraturas ósseas. Conclusão: É fundamental, ao neurocirurgião, o conhecimento das possíveis complicações associadas ao uso do fixador craniano de Mayfield, bem como o correto manejo de tais eventos adversos.
Sudep: risk factors, protective factors and pathophysiological mechanisms
Authors: Louise Ferreira Krol  , Beatriz Chiquito Sacchi  , Paulo Henrique Pires de Aguiar
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Sudden Unexpected Death In Epilepsy (SUDEP) is the main cause of premature death in patients with epilepsy. The pathophysiology is not clear, however there are risks and protective factors described in the literature. Objective: To gather the data of these variables and elucidate the pathophysiological mechanisms. Methods: Literature review of free full articles from PubMed database from 2000 to 2019, in English, with an impact factor higher than 1, carried out in humans. As keywords were used “SUDEP”; “Epilepsy”; “Sudden Death”; “Seizure” resulting in 130 articles, and 44 reflecting the objectives. Results: A total of 11 case control and 10 cohort studies was analyzed and the risks and protective factors were presented. Among the risks were found: nocturnal seizure, frequencies, young adults, generalized tonic-clonic (GTCS) type and others. Some of protective factors were adherence to treatment, night supervision and having pets. Discussion: There are evidences that cardiorespiratory and autonomic systems interfere on the phisiopatology. Conclusion: More studies are necessary to elucidate all the involved mechanisms.
Editorial Vol.49 : Zoobosque submarinos: una nueva aproximación morfofuncional para la ecología y conservación
Authors: Americo Montiel San Martín
Published: December 2021

Nuestra percepción de que los animales son móviles mientras que las plantas viven fijas al suelo está muy arraigado en nuestro conocimiento colectivo. Tanto, así como que los bosques son estrictamente terrestres. Ambas percepciones se invierten drásticamente cuando se investigan las comunidades marinas.
Nidificación del gaviotín sudamericano (Sterna hirundinacea) en islas Caicura (41° S), Seno de Reloncaví, sur de Chile
Authors: Jaime Cursach Valenzuela , Jonnathan V Vilugrón Torres , Jaime Rua Acuña
Published: December 2021

El gaviotín sudamericano (Sterna hirundinacea) es un ave marina endémica de las costas de América del Sur. El presente trabajo describe su nidificación en islas Caicura (41° S), sur de Chile, entregando información sobre el número de nidos, huevos y polluelos, durante tres temporadas reproductivas consecutivas (2013-14, 2014-15, 2015-16). La puesta de huevos comenzó en noviembre, observándose polluelos en diciembre, y volantones en enero. La mayoría de los nidos contó con sólo un huevo. El total de huevos por temporada fue de 295, 386 y 313, respectivamente. La tasa de eclosión fue significativamente distinta entre las tres temporadas, aumentando en el tiempo desde un 41,2%, 62,5% y 82,8%, respectivamente. El total acumulado de polluelos por temporada fue de 119, 249 y 223, respectivamente. Se estimó una mortalidad total de polluelos cercana al 10%. Se identificó a la gaviota dominicana (Larus dominicanus) como el principal depredador de huevos y polluelos del gaviotín sudamericano. Finalmente, las islas Caicura son el segundo sitio de mayor importancia en Chile, para la reproducción del gaviotín sudamericano.
Caracterización ecológica de las comunidades planctónicas en tres fiordos interiores occidentales del Campo de Hielo Patagónico Sur
Authors: Raúl Eduardo Pereda Femenías , Daniel Peréz , Felidor Paredes
Published: December 2021

La información que provee este trabajo representa los primeros datos sobre la comunidad pelágica en los fiordos Témpano, Bernardo y Ofhidro. Este trabajo contribuye al conocimiento ecológico de estas comunidades escasamente estudiadas y que son de gran importancia pare el ecosistema costero frío del campo de hielo patagónico occidental. Por lo que el objetivo del presente estudio fue caracterizar la comunidad pelágica (fitoplancton y zooplancton) por medio de la determinación de su composición taxonómica, abundancia relativa, biodiversidad y distribución en tres fiordos occidentales del campo de hielo patagónico sur, región de Aysén; fiordos Témpano (48,72°S-74,04°O), Bernardo (48,57°S-73,93°O) y Ofhidro (48,40°S-73,84°O). En de febrero de 2020 se realizó una expedición a bordo de la L/M AGÜILAF, durante esa expedición se recolectaron 18 muestras de fitoplancton y 18 de zooplancton.
ASSESSMENT OF THE ORGANIZING ELECTRONIC BIDDING COSTS IN BANKRUPTCY PROCEEDINGS OF CITIZENS AND INDIVIDUAL UNDERTAKERS
Authors:   Central Russian Institute of Management, Branch of RANEPA, GOLOVINA T.A. , SHCHEGOLEVA N.А. ,   Central Russian Institute of Management, Branch of RANEPA
Published: December 2021

The modern state of economic relations is such that political, financial and economic instability, caused, first of all, by the sanctions policy of a number of European states and the USA in relation to Russia, forces business entities to make constant decisions in conditions of uncertainty, and instability can lead to bankruptcy. Currently, bankruptcy is the only tool that allows citizens and individual undertakers to legally liquidate existing debts. The aim of the research is to study the process of organizing electronic bidding in bankruptcy proceedings and assess its cost-intensiveness for organizers. The subject of the study is the work of organizer of electronic bidding at all stages of its implementation. The authors have identified the stages of this procedure, the forms of its implementation. As a result, based on the analysis of existing practice and expert evaluations of specialists in bidding, the methodology for calculating the costs of time spent by the organizer of the bidding, as well as their average cost depending on their complexity was proposed.
Paced P-wave duration as a significant predictor for atrial high-rate episodes in patients with cardiac implantable electronic devices
Authors: Rubio Jose Manuel , Arjona Alberto Sánchez , García-Talavera Camila , Calero Loreto Bravo , Rivera Carla Lázaro , Cortegana Francisco Díaz , Tuñón José , Baranchuk Adrian
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Atrial pacing can unmask or aggravate a
preexisting interatrial block (IAB). Our study aimed to determine
whether atrial pacing is associated with the development of atrial
high-rate episodes (AHRE) during follow-up. Methods and
Results: Patients with dual-chamber cardiac implantable electronic
devices (CIED), no previous documented atrial fibrillation, and with a
6-month minimum follow-up were included. In all patients, sinus and
paced P-wave duration was measured. AHRE was defined as an episode of
atrial rate ≥ 225 bpm with a minimum duration of 5 min, excluding those
documented during the first three months after implantation. Two hundred
twenty patients were included (75 ± 10 years, 61% male). After a mean
follow-up of 59±25 months, 46% of patients presented AHRE. Mean paced
P-wave duration was significantly longer than the sinus P-wave duration
(154±27 vs 115±18 ms; p < 0.001). Sinus and paced P-waves were
significantly longer in those who developed AHRE (sinus: 119±20 vs
112±16; p = 0.006; paced: 161±29 vs 148±23; p < 0.001). A
paced P-wave ≥160 ms was the best predictor of AHRE, especially those
lasting >24 h (OR 4.2 (95% CI) [1.6-11.4]; p = 0.004).
Conclusion: Atrial pacing significantly prolongs P-wave
duration and is associated with further development of AHRE. A paced
P-wave ≥160 ms is a strong predictor of AHRE and should be taken into
consideration as a new definition of IAB in the presence of atrial
pacing.
Monthly rainfall forecasting by a hybrid neural network of discrete wavelet transform and deep learning
Authors: You Xueyi , Wei Ming
Published: December 2021

Actual rainfall forecast is critical to the management and allocation of
water resources. In recent years, deep learning has been proved to be
superior to traditional forecasting methods when predicting rainfall
time series with high temporal and spatial variability. In this study,
the discrete wavelet transform (DWT) and two typical deep learning
approaches, namely long-short term memory (LSTM) and dilated causal
convolutional neural network (DCCNN), are integrated innovatively and
the hybrid model (DWT-CLSTM-DCCNN) is used for monthly rainfall
forecasting for the first time. Monthly rainfall time series of four
major cities in China (Beijing, Tianjin, Chongqing and Guangzhou) are
used as the dataset of DWT-CLSTM-DCCNN. Firstly, two methods of sample
construction are used to train DWT-CLSTM-DCCNN and their effects on the
model performance are analyzed. Then, LSTM and the dilated causal
convolutional network (DCCNN) are established as the benchmark models,
and their forecast accuracy is compared with that of DWT-CLSTM-DCCNN.
From the results of the evaluation criteria such as mean absolute error
(MAE), root mean squared error (RMSE) and Nash-Sutcliffe model
efficiency coefficient (NSE) as well as the fitting curve for forecasted
rainfall, it can be concluded that the DWT-CLSTM-DCCNN developed in this
study outperforms the benchmark models in model accuracy, peak and
mutational rainfall capturing ability. Compared with the previous
studies, DWT-CLSTM-DCCNN is proven to be better peak capture and more
suitable for long-term rainfall forecasting.
Urachal cyst revealed by pyogenic granuloma in an adult patient
Authors: Mabrouk Randa Said El , Lahouel Ines , Salem Randa , Belhadjali Hichem , Zili Jameleddine
Published: December 2021

Urachal cyst is a rare congenital disorder due to a defect in the
obliteration of the urachal duct, usually diagnosed in the first months
of life. We report a case of urachal cyst revealed by a Pyogenic
granuloma in an adult patient.