bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
UV completion of extradimensional Yang-Mills theory for Gauge-Higgs unification
Authors: Pastor-Gutiérrez Álvaro , Yamada Masatoshi
Published: September 2023

The SU(N)SU(N) Yang-Mills theory in \mathbb R^4\times S^1ℝ4×S1 spacetime is studied as a simple toy model of Gauge-Higgs unification. The theory is perturbatively nonrenormalizable but could be formulated as an asymptotically safe theory, namely a nonperturbatively renormalizable theory. We study the fixed point structure of the Yang-Mills theory in \mathbb R^4\times S^1ℝ4×S1 by using the functional renormalization group in the background field approximation. We derive the functional flow equations for the gauge coupling and the background gauge-field potential. There exists a nontrivial fixed point for both couplings at finite compactification radii. At the fixed point, gauge coupling and vacuum energy are both relevant. The renormalization group flow of the gauge coupling describes the smooth transition between the ultraviolet asymptotically safe regime and the strong interacting infrared limit.
The influence of leadership styles on employee performance in telecom companies of Bangladesh
Authors: Mobarak Karim Md. , Bin Amin Mohammad , Ahmed Helaluddin , Hajdu Zita , Popp Jozsef
Published: September 2023

Leadership styles have drawn much attention in a cutthroat business world. As a result, the standardization of human resources management goals has gained much popularity. However, if there is a meaningful and established process to be used in leadership activities, an organization may be able to realize its purpose within the specified time. This study aims to determine how several leadership styles – transformational leadership, charismatic leadership, democratic leadership, and transactional leadership – affect employee performance. The data were obtained using a self-reported questionnaire adapted from prior studies; the paper employed purposive and convenience sampling methods to receive information from 260 employees of several telecommunication companies in Bangladesh. For this study purpose, SPSS version 26.0 was used to conduct the necessary statistical analyses, and the construct reliability was evaluated using Cronbach’s (a) coefficient value of 0.70 or higher. According to the findings, transformational leadership, charismatic leadership, democratic leadership, and transactional leadership have a favorable relationship with employee performance in telecom organizations. Thus, decision-makers and other practitioners need to learn how to recognize diverse leadership philosophies and their effects on employee performance from an organizational perspective. Finally, the study recommends that leaders transition from highly traditional leadership styles to more participative and positive ones.
1960’lı Yıllarda Müzik Alanında Sendikal Bir Örgütlenme: Türk Müziği Sanatçıları Sendikası ve Müzik-iş Gazetesi (1968)
Authors: ÇETİN Esra
Published: September 2023

İlk örnekleri İngiltere’de sanayi devriminin bir ürünü olarak ortaya çıkan sendikal hareketler, XIX. yüzyılda yaşanan siyasi ve iktisadi gelişmeler ile birlikte kapitalist üretim ilişkileri çerçevesinde işçilerin yardımlaşma ve dayanışma örgütleri olarak kurulmuştur. Türk sendikacılığı ise Osmanlı Devleti’nde bir sınıf hareketine bağlı olmaksızın XIX. yüzyıl sonu ve XX. yüzyıl başında oluşmaya başlamıştır. Cumhuriyet’in ilk yıllarında dönemin sosyal ve siyasi şartları nedeniyle istenen ölçüde ilerleme gösteremeyen sendikal hareketler, II. Dünya Savaşı sonrasındaki 1947-1950 arasındaki dönemde tekrar faal duruma geçmiştir. Daha sonra 1961 Anayasası ile sendikacılık alanında yeni düzenlemeler yapılmış, buna paralel olarak özellikle meslek örgütleri olarak kurulan sendika sayısı da artmıştır.

Bu sendikalardan biri olan Türk Müziği Sanatçıları Sendikası (Müzik-iş), 1965 yılının Ocak ayında yetmiş Türk müziği sanatçısı tarafından Ankara’da kurulmuştur. Türk-İş Konfederasyonu’na bağlı millî sendika statüsünde kurulan Müzik-iş, kurulduğu yıl İzmir ve İstanbul’da, 1966 yılında ise Gaziantep’te şube açmıştır. 1968 yılının Mart ayında ise sendikanın yayın organı olan Müzik-iş Gazetesi çıkarılmaya başlanmış ve yalnızca yedi sayı yayınlanmıştır. Bu çalışmada Türk sendikacılık tarihinde ilginç bir yeri olan Müzik-iş Sendikası incelenmiştir. Değerlendirme yapılırken sendikanın yayın organı Müzik-iş Gazetesinden yararlanılmıştır. Ayrıca Başbakanlık Osmanlı Arşivi, Başbakanlık Cumhuriyet Arşivi, Türkiye Büyük Millet Meclisi Zabıt Ceridelerinden, Resmî Gazete ve konuyla ilgili tetkik eserlerden de faydalanılmıştır.
Sustaining an elementary school-based hygiene intervention in Bangladesh by forming ‘hygiene committees’: a pilot study
Authors: Sultana Farhana , Khan Shaan Muberra , Rahman Mahbubur , Winch Peter J. , Luby Stephen P. , Unicomb Leanne
Published: September 2023

School-based water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) promotion often lacks strategies to sustain behaviors beyond the promotion period. This paper describes school community engagement, in the form of a hygiene committee to institutionalize a school-based hygiene intervention and its role in implementation and sustainability. With formative data on existing hygiene practices from four urban and rural elementary schools, we arranged a workshop to design a low cost, acceptable, and feasible hygiene intervention. We formed hygiene committees including student representatives in each of four additional schools, and piloted and assessed the hygiene intervention. The hygiene committee members' active role supported intervention facilities, materials and maintenance, and promoted targeted behaviors. They encouraged continued use of hygiene materials and provided funds to cover the cost of consumables. The teachers' commitment, student motivation, and financial cost recovery facilitated continued intervention activities. During the 14-months follow-up assessment, the hygiene committee activities were still in place in all schools. The dual involvement of teachers and students in hardware maintenance ensured hygiene intervention consumables availability, functionality, and retention in the pilot schools. The hygiene committee facilitated intervention implementation and sustained functionality. Future school interventions should consider this approach in the implementation processes and cost-recovery strategies.
Estrogen Sulfotransferase SULT1E1 Expression Levels and Regulated
Factors in Malignant Tumours
Authors: Wang Rui , Li Xia , Li Yangyang , Zhao Mengjie , Mi Lida , Chen Weiwei , Song Jianxiang
Published: September 2023

Estrogen plays a key role in the development and progression of many malignant tumours,
and the regulation of estrogen levels involves several metabolic pathways. Among these
pathways, estrogen sulfotransferase (SULT1E1) is the enzyme with the most affinity for estrogen
and is primarily responsible for catalysing the metabolic reaction of estrogen sulphation. Relevant
studies have shown significant differences in the expression of SULT1E1 in different malignant tumours,
suggesting that SULT1E1 plays a dual role in malignant tumours, both inhibiting the
growth of malignant tumours and promoting their development. In addition, the expression level of
SULT1E1 may be regulated by a variety of factors, which in turn affect the growth and therapeutic
effects of malignant tumours. The aim of this paper is to review the mechanism of action of
SULT1E1 in malignant tumours and the mechanisms that are regulated, in order to provide potential
targets for the treatment of malignant tumour patients in the future and theoretical support for
the realisation of more personalised and effective therapeutic regimens.
The Role of Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells Secretome in Macrophage
Polarization: Perspectives on Treating Inflammatory Diseases
Authors: Ti Dongdong , Yi Jun , Chen Huihua , Hao Haojie , Shi Chunmeng
Published: September 2023

Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) have exhibited potential for treating multiple inflammation-
related diseases (IRDs) due to their easy acquisition, unique immunomodulatory and tissue
repair properties, and immune-privileged characteristics. It is worth mentioning that MSCs release a wide
array of soluble bioactive components in the secretome that modulate host innate and adaptive immune
responses and promote the resolution of inflammation. As the first line of defense, macrophages exist
throughout the entire inflammation process. They continuously switch their molecular phenotypes accompanied
by complementary functional regulation ranging from classically activated pro-inflammatory
M1-type (M1) to alternatively activated anti-inflammatory M2-type macrophages (M2). Recent studies
have shown that the active intercommunication between MSCs and macrophages is indispensable for the
immunomodulatory and regenerative behavior of MSCs in pharmacological cell therapy products. In this
review, we systematically summarized the emerging capacities and detailed the molecular mechanisms of
the MSC-derived secretome (MSC-SE) in immunomodulating macrophage polarization and preventing
excessive inflammation, providing novel insights into the clinical applications of MSC-based therapy in
IRD management.
Research Progress on the Anticancer Activity of Plant Polysaccharides
Authors: Liu Qiaoyan , Song Bo , Tong Sen , Yang Qiuqiong , Zhao Huanhuan , Guo Jia , Tian Xuexia , Chang Renjie , Wu Junzi
Published: September 2023

Tumor is a serious threat to human health, with extremely high morbidity and mortality
rates. However, tumor treatment is challenging, and the development of antitumor drugs has always
been a significant research focus. Plant polysaccharides are known to possess various biological
activities. They have many pharmacological properties such as immunomodulation, antitumor,
antiviral, antioxidative, antithrombotic, and antiradiation effects, reduction of blood pressure
and blood sugar levels, and protection from liver injury. Among these effects, the antitumor
effect of plant polysaccharides has been widely studied. Plant polysaccharides can inhibit tumor
proliferation and growth by inhibiting tumor cell invasion and metastasis, inducing cell apoptosis,
affecting the cell cycle, and regulating the tumor microenvironment. They also have the characteristics
of safety, high efficiency, and low toxicity, which can alleviate, to a certain extent, the adverse
reactions caused by traditional tumor treatment methods such as surgery, radiotherapy, and
chemotherapy. Therefore, this paper systematically summarizes the direct antitumor effects of
plant polysaccharides, their regulatory effects on the tumor microenvironment, and intervening
many common high-incidence tumors in other ways. It also provides data support for the administration
of plant polysaccharides in modern tumor drug therapy, enabling the identification of new
targets and development of new drugs for tumor therapy.
A Mini Review: Zinc Oxide NPs as a Promising Cancer Treatment Strategy: Insights into Synthesis Methodology and Mechanisms
Authors: Lim Jian Xin , Abdullah Muhammad Nazrul Hakim , Lim Vuanghao , Lee Han Kee , Yong Yoke Keong
Published: September 2023

Cancer has become a major global public health concern, with millions of new
cases and deaths reported annually. Conventional cancer treatments, such as chemotherapy
and surgery, continue to be the standard of care; however, they frequently bear significant
risks and high costs, necessitating the development of more cost-effective and
safe alternatives. These limitations can be overcome by nanoparticle (NPs), composed of
organic or inorganic substances in the nanoscale range, which offer benefits including
enhanced pharmacokinetics, selective targeting of cancer cells, reduced toxicity, and decreased
drug resistance. Green nanotechnology, which integrates nanotechnology with
natural compounds, has emerged as a strategy for reducing toxicity on human health and
the environment by functioning as reducing, capping, and stabilising agents. Compared
to other NPs, Zinc oxide NPs (ZnO NPs) possess a unique selectivity and a potent capacity
to target cancer cells, in addition to being biocompatible and considered safer for both
humans and the environment. Due to the physiological function of zinc, an essential micronutrient,
ZnO NPs have demonstrated greater bioavailability than other metal or metal
oxide NPs. NP plays a more significant role in bioavailability than particle size, making
ZnO NPs an attractive option for various applications. This mini review aims to comprehensively
explore the synthesis methodology of ZnO NPs and the potential mechanisms
underlying their anticancer properties.
The Emerging Role of Biosensors in the Identification, Characterization, and use of Natural Bioactive Compounds
Authors: Dev Tripathi Abhay , Kumar Pandey Vivek , Katiyar Soumya , Mishra Abha
Published: September 2023

High specificity, less reagent requirement, swift response time, and high
throughput screening make biosensors popular for detecting disease biomarkers,
monitoring diseases, drug discovery, and other ecological applications such as the
detection of environmental pollutants. Emerging health disorders demand targeted
drugs with lower side effects in terms of advancing towards a low medicinal load.
Active ingredients present in the different parts of plants and microorganisms have
been used for several medical purposes for ages. Recent research has identified
multiple promising natural bioactive compounds possessing the potential to mitigate
several life-threatening diseases like Cancer, Diabetes, and Neurological disorders.
Identifying such bioactive chemicals in the crude extract from various plant sources
like leaves, roots, bark, fruits, and seeds, as well as in microbial extracts, is a tedious
work that requires complex instrument setups, lengthy methods, and plenty of time,
sometimes many years. The development and use of biosensors for natural bioactive
moieties can overcome such problems and expedite the drug discovery process. This
chapter provides a summary of the available biosensors for bioactive chemicals
detection in extracts and fractions of organisms/plants, their types, design, and methods
used for that purpose. Moreover, the chapter highlights the current use and the progress
of the development of biosensors for identifying bioactive natural compounds.
3D Bioprinting of Advanced Bioinks for Tissue Regeneration and Biosensor Development
Authors: Tamunonengiofori Banigo Alma , Chamberlin Obasi Chinedu
Published: September 2023

Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting technology has become a unique system
for tissue regeneration and biosensor development by controlled deposition of bioinks
to produce complex constructs. Different bioprinters including laser-assisted and
extrusion-based have been introduced and used to produce constructs with high
resolution, cell viability and shape fidelity for tissue development. In addition,
microfluidic technology, organ-on-a-chip and electrospinning technology are used to
produce biosensing products to diagnose and monitor living systems. One of the most
critical materials used for bioprinting is bioink. Several bioinks of an advanced level
and different compositions have been developed too. Here, we briefly highlighted
the characteristics, advantages, and disadvantages of some bioprinters and advanced
bioinks that have been developed recently. We also stated some tissue engineering
applications with the use of 3D bioprinting. Lastly, we mentioned a few key areas for
main focus in the future.
Role of Paper-based Biosensor in Diagnostics
Authors: Singh Sujeet , Rai Praveen , Arya Hemant , Chaturvedi Vivek K.
Published: September 2023

New diagnostic technologies are paper-based sensors that are
multifunctional, highly flexible, absorbent, and environmentally friendly. The substrate
can be used to design a cost-effective framework for disease detection, prognosis, and
surveillance of illnesses that is easy, reliable, and quick in our medical healthcare
sector. Paper-based devices are an extremely cheap innovation for fabricating
simplified and movable diagnosing processes that can be extremely useful in resource-constrained settings like developing countries, where fully equipped infrastructure and
highly skilled medical persons are unavailable. Point-of-care (POC) devices give a
significant advantage over traditional procedures for in-situ measurement of illness or
disease biomarkers, assisting physicians in making decisions. Paper-based analytical
devices that combine paper substrates have become popular point-of-need diagnostics
over the last decade. We discuss in this chapter the paper-based analytical biosensors
and the classification of paper-based biosensors (PBBs) as Dipstick tests, lateral flow
assay (LFAs), microfluidic biosensors, and biosensor devices (transducers and
biorecognition elements). Furthermore, paper-based biosensors are used to detect
malaria and other diseases.
Enzymatic Biosensors and their Important Applications
Authors: Chaturvedi Mridula
Published: September 2023

Biosensors are an investigative contrivance used to find a chemical
substance that combines an organic component with a physicochemical detector.
Various biosensors are used in different fields: electrochemical-based, immune-based,
magnetic-based, thermometric-based, acoustic-based, enzyme-based, optical-based,
DNA-based, and tissue-based, etc. Enzyme-based biosensors are those which use
enzymes or proteins for the recognition of elements and adjoining the inbuilt specificity
of enzymes. Due to their high sensitivity and specificity, these enzymatic biosensors
are frequently used in numerous fields, including the health and biomedical field. This
book chapter will describe the various enzyme-based biosensors, their sensitivity and
specificity, and their significant applications in different fields.
Calorimetric Techniques for Thermokinetic Characterization
Authors: Fabbricino Massimiliano , Andreozzi Roberto , Clarizia Laura , Cesaro Alessandra , Policastro Grazia , di Giovanni Concetta
Published: September 2023

Calorimetric techniques allow us to evaluate the kinetics and heat developed during
a reaction. In this chapter, adiabatic and scanning calorimeters are presented. An application of
adiabatic calorimetry to evaluate Self Accelerating Decomposition Temperature (SADT) is also
presented.
Heterogeneous Explosions I
Authors: Fabbricino Massimiliano , Andreozzi Roberto , Clarizia Laura , Cesaro Alessandra , Policastro Grazia , di Giovanni Concetta
Published: September 2023

Heterogeneous explosions are very common accidental typologies in chemical and
process industries. The lower and upper flammability limits are presented in the present chapter.
These threshold values differ depending on the mixture composition, as reported in detail.
Politik Bahasa "Jawa Anyar" dalam Ranah Pendidikan
Authors: Rahmawati Restu
Published: September 2023

This study examines about Political language of Jawa Anyar in education on the local content curriculum in Banyumas. The purpose of this study was to clarify the chronological occurrence of the Political language of Jawa Anyar on the local content curriculum in Banyumas, and to evaluate the response of Banyumas community associated with the implementation of the political language. The method used in this study is qualitative descriptive analysis. The study results that first, the political language caused by construction and reconstruction of the Political language of Jawa Anyar. The political manifestation of the Political language of Jawa Anyar is due to policy of local local content curriculum at all levels of public education in Banyumas regency. Secondly, the political response of Banyumas community to the Political language of Jawa Anyar is through resistance action as practiced by the school parties, e.g., principal, teachers, students, and cultural community of Banyumas. Third, as a theoretical reflection on the field findings, the author argues that political language is actually the only kind of reduction in the participation of minority language groups.Therefore, the planning effort of Political language of Jawa Anyar as the interest of state apparatus has reduced the participation of minority language groups; in this case, it reduces participation of Banyumas language community.
Notes on the marine algae of the International Biosphere Reserve Seaflower, Caribbean Colombia IX: new records of Lobophora declerckii, Taonia abbottiana and Verosphacela ebrachia for Colombia
Authors: Daza Y. Carla M. , Franco Paola Andrea , Díaz Victor , Sandoval Álvaro A. , Gavio Brigitte
Published: September 2023

Background and Aims: During the Seaflower Scientific Expedition in 2019, extensive seaweed collection was carried out around Old Providence and Santa Catalina islands. Despite the intensive phycological studies realized during the past decade, new reports of macroalgae are still recorded for the Seaflower Biosphere Reserve. The objective of this work is to present three new records of brown algae for Colombia.Methods: The algal sampling was carried out in September 2019 during the Seaflower Scientific Expedition. The samples were collected around the Providencia and Santa Catalina islands in coral patches ecosystems, by SCUBA diving at depths between 3 and 16 m. The algae collected were preserved in a 4% formalin/seawater solution. The identification was carried out using optical and stereoscopic microscopes. All specimens were deposited in the herbarium JIW of the Biology Department of the Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia. Key results: Three species of brown algae are newly reported for Colombia: Lobophora declerckii, Taonia abbottiana and Verosphacela ebrachia. Verosphacela has been reported, to date, only from the type locality in Florida and from Isla Mujeres, in Mexico. Due to its cryptic and small habit, it may be much more common than actually reported. Lobophora declerckii is apparently the most common species of Lobophora in the Archipelago. Taonia abbottiana may be much more common than reported to date, but it is easily confused with Stypopodium zonale. Conclusions: Despite the intense phycological research carried out in the past decade in the Archipelago of San Andrés, Old Providence and Santa Catalina, there is still much to be discovered.
Effect of Tai Chi Tele-training by Zoom on Oxidative Stress Markers and Muscle Mass in Mexican Older Adults (Preprint)
Authors: Mendoza-Núñez Víctor Manuel , Rosado-Pérez Juana , Gavia-García Graciela , Arista-Ugalde Taide Laurita , Aguiñiga-Sánchez Itzen , Santiago-Osorio Edelmiro , Vaquero-Barbosa Nayeli , Vaquero-Barbosa Nayeli
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND

Aging-related loss of muscle mass predisposes to an increased risk of frailty and dependency. In this sense, moderate physical exercise is one of the best options for this effect, among which Tai Chi (TC) stand out. In this regard, tele-exercise by internet (zoom) is one of the options for the practice of physical exercise, especially due to the isolation due to the COVID-19 pandemic, recently experienced.

OBJECTIVE

To determine the effect of TC tele-training by zoom on markers of oxidative stress and muscle mass in Mexican older adults.

METHODS

A quasi-experimental study of 38 older women who participated in a zoom tele-exercise program, divided into two groups: (i) TCG, Tai Chi group n=19; (ii) STG, strength training group n=19. All participants had blood markers of oxidative stress (OxS), inflammation and body composition parameters assessed at baseline and after six months of tele-exercise training.

RESULTS

Adherence to the tele-trainingby zoom program was observed in more than 80% of the participants. A statistically significant decrease in the concen-tration of carbonylated proteins was found in the TCG compared to the STG (TCG, baseline 47.30 ± 5.16, post. 37.09 ± 12.90 vs. STG, baseline, 35.64 ± 13.96, post. 47.68 ± 16.85 , p<0.05), in addition to a decrease in the oxidative stress index (TOS/TAS) in the TCG compared to the STG (TCG, base-line, 9.34 ± 6.88, Post. 5.79 ± 3.95 vs. GST, baseline 5.35 ± 2.39, post 13.24 ± 7.07, p<0.01). Likewise, a greater increase in the ratio of free fat mass and skeletal muscle mass was observed in the TCG compared to the STG with borderline statistical significance (p=0.06).

CONCLUSIONS

Our findings suggest that TC tele-training by zoom has a significantly greater antioxidant effect than ST linked to an increase in fat-free mass and skeletal muscle mass. Therefore, the use of remote digital platforms, such as zoom, may be an option for healthy aging interventions through the use of the internet.

CLINICALTRIAL

ISRCTN48485253
mHealth-augmented care linked to robust improvements in depression symptom severity among patients with chronic pain: an exploratory, retrospective-cohort study (Preprint)
Authors: Holley Dan , Brooks Amanda , Kampa Samuel , Hartz Matthew , Rao Sudhir , Zaubler Thomas
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND

Depression and chronic pain are commonly comorbid, mutually reinforcing, and debilitating. Emerging approaches to mobile behavioral healthcare (mHealth) promise to improve outcomes for patients with comorbid depression and chronic pain by integrating with existing care models to bolster support and continuity between clinical visits; however, the evidence base supporting the use of mHealth to augment care for this patient population is limited.

OBJECTIVE

To develop an evidence base that sets the stage for future research, we aimed to explore the associations between changes in depression severity and various integrated care models, with and without mHealth augmentation, among patients with comorbid depression and non-malignant chronic pain.

METHODS

Our team leveraged retrospective, real-world data from N=3837 patients with comorbid depression and non-malignant chronic pain who received integrated care at a subspecialty pain clinic. For some patients (N=972), integrated care was augmented by the mHealth app NeuroFlow, which provides remote measurement-based care, digital assessments, and evidence-based behavioral self-help content. We evaluated changes in depression severity between treatment cohorts via longitudinal analyses of both clinician- and mHealth-administered PHQ9 assessments.

RESULTS

mHealth-augmented integrated care led to significantly greater proportions of patients reaching clinical benchmarks for reduction (86% vs 76%), response (82% vs 73%), and remission (75% vs 69%) compared to integrated care alone. Furthermore, hierarchical regression modeling revealed that patients who received mHealth-augmented psychiatric collaborative care (CoCM) experienced the greatest sustained reductions in on-average depression severity compared to other cohorts, irrespective of clinical benchmarks. Additionally, patients who engaged with an mHealth platform before entering CoCM experienced a 7.2% reduction in average depression severity before starting CoCM treatment.

CONCLUSIONS

Our findings suggest that mHealth platforms have the potential to improve treatment outcomes for patients with comorbid chronic pain and depression by providing remote measurement-based care, tailored interventions, and improved continuity between appointments. Moreover, our study set the stage for further research, including randomized controlled trials to evaluate causal relationships between mHealth engagement and treatment outcomes in integrated care settings.
Звернення головного редактора
Authors: Author No
Published: September 2023

No abstract
Contractual Mechanisms for Securing the Public Interest in Data Sharing in Public-Private Health Research Partnerships
Authors: Bell Jessica , Mourby Miranda , Kaye Jane
Published: September 2023

Public private partnerships (PPPs) are increasingly common in health research, with large European investment over the last 20 years and renewed focus in the wake of the global health crisis COVID-19. PPPs have been used for health research that seeks to collect, analyse and share personal data from research participants, often on the basis of informed or broad consent. PPPs are underpinned by contracts, both to govern the use of data and samples necessary for health research, and to govern the agreement between the public and private contracting parties of a project. This raises the question of how far contracts adequately protect public interests, for example in privacy and data protection when patient data are exposed to a broader range of potential uses from the private sector. A core principle of contract law is that you cannot contract for unlawful activity. As such, contracts could be void if their design or performance entails a breach of statute or common law, for example data protection and privacy laws or the common law duty of confidentiality. This paper analyses the implications of this general principle of illegality for contracts underpinning PPPs in health research, particularly to understand the extent to which it could operate to protect the public interest as conceived by privacy and data protection law. The paper will show how this heavily policy-driven doctrine has scope to ensure that contracts and contract terms that are contrary to public policy are void or unenforceable which, in the context of PPPs using personal information for health innovation and research, is a welcome, though limited, accountability mechanism in private law that could operate to serve the public interest.
The GDPR’s Rules on Data Breaches: Analysing Their Rationales and Effects
Authors: Borgesius Frederik Zuiderveen , Asghari Hadi , Bangma Noël , Hoepman Jaap-Henk
Published: September 2023

The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) requires an organisation that suffers a data breach to notify the competent Data Protection Authority. The organisation must also inform the relevant individuals, when a data breach threatens their rights and freedoms. This paper focuses on the following question: given the goals of the GDPR’s data breach notification obligation, what are its strengths and weaknesses? We identify six goals of, or rationales for, the GDPR`s data breach notification obligation, and we assess the obligation in the light of those goals. We refer to insights from information security and economics, and present them in a reader-friendly way for lawyers. Our main conclusion is that the GDPR’s data breach rules are likely to contribute to the goals. For instance, the data breach notification obligation can nudge organisations towards better security; such an obligation enables regulators to perform their duties; and such an obligation improves transparency and accountability. However, the paper also warns that we should not have unrealistic expectations of the possibilities for people to protect their interests after a data breach notice. Likewise, we should not have high expectations of people switching to other service providers after receiving a data breach notification. Lastly, the paper calls for Data Protection Authorities to publish more information about reported data breaches. Such information can help to analyse security threats.
Postcolonial Differentials in Algorithmic Bias: Challenging Digital Neo-Colonialism in Africa
Authors: Menon Sunita
Published: September 2023

As digital technologies become the dominant driver of the global economy, Africa finds itself once again faced with the prospect of developmental stagnation. In an increasingly technological age, parallels to the colonial era can be made, particularly in reference to the detrimental impact on the African economy and the continent’s developmental trajectory. AI, which drives these technologies, is informed by algorithms. The biases inherent in these algorithms lead to digital discrimination. This discrimination has resulted in a new form of colonialism, referred to as digital neocolonialism, which denotes the exclusionary barrier that has been created by algorithms. This work challenges algorithmic bias through the application of postcolonial theory, which calls for a dismantling of colonial imposition by reimagining and reframing the concept of the ‘other’. The gaps in current AI systems, and the power imbalances created, are interrogated through an analysis of bias and its impact. Through a postcolonial lens, a call is made for more inclusive AI systems, and datasets that challenges the assumed neutrality of algorithms.
Motivation and Dental Health Self-Care Behavior with Adolescent Quality of Life using OHIP-14
Authors: Haryani Wiworo , Sulistiawati Diani , Yuniarly Etty
Published: September 2023

Background: The prevalence of dental and oral disease in Indonesia is still high (57.6%) and the most cases are dental caries and periodontal disease. Adolescents during puberty are prone to oral health problems, so they need attention from dental and oral health care programs. Preventive measures against dental and oral diseases need to be carried out in adolescents so that there are no disturbances in function, activity, and work productivity which will affect quality of life. Technological developments require innovation to detect oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in adolescents early. Objective: To determine the relationship between motivation and dental health self-care behavior with the quality of life of adolescents using the Oral Health Impact profile-14 or OHIP-14 questionnaire. Method: This type of research is observational analytic with a cross sectional design. The research location is at the Junior High School in the Sleman Regency area. The sample was 100 teenagers aged 12-15 years. The sampling technique was carried out using purposive sampling. The data analysis used was bivariate analysis using chi-square correlation to determine the relationship between motivation and dental health behavior and quality of life in adolescents. Results: There is a significant relationship between motivation and quality of life (p=0.004; OR=4.74). Adolescents with low motivation have a tendency to have a low quality of life 4.74 times compared to adolescents with high motivation. There is a significant relationship between dental health self-care behavior and quality of life (p=0.041; OR= 5.47). Adolescents with bad behavior tend to have a lower quality of life 5.47 times compared to adolescents with good dental health behavior. Conclusion: There is a relationship between motivation and dental health self-care behavior and quality of life in adolescents.
Keywords: Motivation, Behavior, Quality of Life of Adolescents
Stair poster media as an effort to improve the dental health behavior of elementary school children
Authors: Noviani Nita , Ngatemi Ngatemi , Fadjeri Indrayati , Purnama Tedi , Restuning Sekar
Published: September 2023

The prevalence rate of dental caries has experienced an increasing trend from year to year, so that the condition of dental and oral health problems in Indonesia is still worrying, especially for elementary school children. The high number of dental health problems is caused by many factors, one of which is the low level of dental health maintenance behavior. Promotive and preventive measures are needed to prevent dental and oral health problems, namely by providing dental and oral health education. Poster media is a medium or prop/tool that can be used to convey messages from communicators to the audience. Staircase poster media is a development of general poster media, this media is designed for the sequence/stages of maintaining dental health which are attached to the school steps. Objective: This research is to analyze the effectiveness of stair poster media in improving the dental health behavior of elementary school children. Method: This research used a non-equivalent control group quasi-experimental design. The research sample was 125 people taken using purposive sampling technique. The intervention group was given dental health education using posters, while the control group was given dental health education using filpchart. Data were tested using Wilcoxon test analysis, namely a pre-post design, while to compare the means of the treatment and control groups, the Mann Whitney test was used. Results: The results of the test of differences in knowledge, attitudes and actions of brushing teeth show that the p-value between the intervention group and the control group is 0.000 (p <0.05), meaning that there is a difference between the values of knowledge, attitudes and actions of brushing teeth after dental health education with children's poster media. steps and dental health education with filpchart. Conclusion: dental health education using stair poster media is more effective in increasing the knowledge, attitudes and actions of brushing teeth in elementary school children compared to dental health education using flipcharts
Keywords: Stair poster, media, dental health, behavior
Historización del campo psicopedagógico en Patagonia Austral. UNPA
Authors: Oyarzo Camila Andrea
Published: September 2023

El presente trabajo expone los avances del plan de tesis que se llevan a cabo en el marco del Doctorado en Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades. Busca indagar cómo se ha ido configurando y desarrollando el campo psicopedagógico a lo largo de la historia. A su vez, cómo se fue conformando y transformando la cultura profesional de dicho campo en el escenario socioinstitucional de la Patagonia Austral.

El análisis de documentos y las entrevistas desarrolladas hasta el momento nos permiten identificar diversos temas que contribuyen a la comprensión del objeto de estudio: realidad laboral, vivencias psicopedagógicas en pandemia, áreas de formación, trayectorias y plan de estudio.

La perspectiva teórica y metodológica adoptada contempla una posición teórica investigativa cualitativa puesto que prioriza la comprensión del fenómeno estudiado en la voz de los propios actores sociales. Recuperando desde sus narrativas cómo los sujetos asumen, conciben y viven la profesión psicopedagógica en el contexto de la Patagonia Austral, dando cuenta de los efectos sociales y subjetivos que provocan la inserción al campo profesional
The Role of Correcting Structural and Functional Albumin Properties in Ascites Control in Decompensated Cirrhotic Patients
Authors: Turkina A. A. , Maevskaya M. V. , Zharkova M. S. , Ivashkin V. T.
Published: September 2023

Аim: to study the structural and functional characteristics of albumin in patients with decompensated cirrhosis, their relationship with ascites; to identify the relationship between improvement in albumin characteristics and regression of ascites.

Materials and methods. Fifty patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis and ascites were divided into groups. The first group received standard treatment for cirrhosis, the second — standard treatment and replacement therapy with 20 % human albumin solution at a dose of 200 mL per week for 3 months.

Results. The value of the native conformation of albumin and the functional parameters of albumin were significantly lower than in the group of healthy individuals (p < 0.001). With the severity of ascites, the native conformation index (DR), which characterizes the structural usefulness of the albumin molecule, decreased. Median DR for ascites stage I (IAC) was –1.69, II grade — –2.28, III grade — –2.42 (p < 0.05). Replacement therapy with albumin allowed to achieve regression of ascites in 48.4 % of patients, compared with 7.1 % in the standard treatment group. Along with clinical improvement, restoration of albumin structural and functional properties was observed in the albumin group. The mean serum albumin level at which ascites remained in remission for 3 months was 42.11 g/L (p < 0.001).

Conclusions and discussion. The structural and functional characteristics of albumin were impaired in patients with decompensated cirrhosis and ascites. The severity of changes in the structural and functional properties of albumin depended on the severity of ascites. The regression of ascites was accompanied by the restoration of the functional and structural usefulness of albumin against the backdrop of albumin replacement therapy. The criterion for stopping transfusion therapy with albumin can be the achievement of a serum albumin level of 42.11 ± 7.04 g/L, DR — 1.05, BE — 73.51 %, RTQ — 75.10 %, DTE — 72.71 %.
Diet in the Management of Functional Dyspepsia: Controversial and Unresolved Issues
Authors: Sheptulin A. A. , Kardasheva S. S. , Kurbatova A. A.
Published: September 2023

Аim: to analyze publications devoted to the study of the role of food in the occurrence of functional dyspepsia (FD), as well as the possibilities of using dietary nutrition in its treatment.

Key findings. Many studies have shown that spicy food, food with a high content of saturated fats, coffee, carbonated drinks can lead to symptoms of FD. Intolerance to certain foods (in particular, wheat) may be associated with their ability to act as allergens. A number of studies have noted that elimination diets (a diet with a low content of FODMAP products and a gluten-free diet) reduce the severity of dyspeptic disorders, however, there is no convincing evidence of the effectiveness of these diets.

Conclusion. The role of nutrition in the occurrence of FD and the possibility of using various diets in its treatment have not been sufficiently studied and require further research.
Financing and staff training in tourism: A case study in the developing country
Authors: Bajrami Halil , Bellaqa Bashkim , Mehmeti Milaim
Published: September 2023

The main objective of this study is to identify and analyze funding for tourism development in Kosovo through grants, legal infrastructure, and tourism staff training. A field survey was done to supplement this work, and the data was examined utilizing comparative and empirical analysis. The study was conducted in 2022, but administrative data in the field of tourism from 2010 to 2020 were also used for this study. According to the conclusions of the study, financial help in the form of grants, training, and tourism-related training was insufficient. The total number of visitors was 40,390, with 37.05 percent being local and 62.95 percent being foreign (Agjencia e Statistikave të Kosovës [ASK], 202a). In terms of gross domestic product (GDP), based on economic activities at current prices, the hotel and tourism sector contributed approximately 163 million euros in 2021, or 2.1 percent of GDP (ASK, 2022b). The problem of tourism development in Kosovo is linked to the country’s economic development, with the efficient management of tourism development policies and strategies. The study recommends that tourism policymakers and strategies create more sustainable management of tourism policies to attract a larger number of visitors to Kosovo, etc.
Acute thrombus formation on the delivery sheath during left atrial appendage occlusion: case reports with placement of cerebral protection devices
Authors: Yu Yangyang , Du Fang , Zhao Feng , Hu Hao
Published: September 2023

Acute thrombus formation on the delivery sheath is rare condition during
percutaneous left atrial appendage occlusion. We presented two cases
that TEE showed a floating thrombus attached to the tip of delivery
sheath during the procedure. Cerebral embolic protection devices were
used to prevent neurological events after thrombus was detected. The
The Impact of Cyber Threats on the Global Food Supply Chain: a Focus on Grain Storage Security
Authors: Yisa Aliyu Gana , Yisa Mohammed Gana , Osamor Jude , Yisa Mohammed Nakodi
Published: September 2023

This study investigates the impact of cyberterrorism on the global food
supply chain, specifically focusing on the security of grain storage
facilities. Drawing from recent geopolitical events that have disrupted
grain supply, the paper underscores the potential global consequences of
targeted cyber attacks. The research involves a thorough review of grain
storage technologies and their associated security vulnerabilities,
supported by existing literature and case studies. Findings reveal
significant security gaps in grain storage systems, such as centralized
control systems and inadequate security protocols. The study not only
offers actionable recommendations for enhancing supply chain resilience
but also informs policy development aimed at safeguarding critical
infrastructure. The research is pivotal for academics, industry
stakeholders, and policy makers concerned with food security in the
digital age.
Trifid or Double-Notched Aortic Doppler: An Aortic “Trishula” Sign
Authors: Mondal Sudipta , Kumar Swasthi , Gopalakrishnan Arun
Published: September 2023

We present an interesting trifid aortic doppler in a case of
paravalvular abscess following the Bentall procedure.
Reduced exercise capacity for muscle mass in adolescents living with obesity
Authors: Lands Larry , Colapelle Juliano , St-Pierre Julie , Erdstein Julius
Published: September 2023

Background Adolescents living with obesity (AlwO) can have limited
exercise capacity. Exercise capacity can be predicted by a 2-factor
model comprising lung function and leg muscle function, but no study has
looked at cycling leg muscle function and its contribution to cycling
exercise capacity in AlwO. Methods 22 nonobese adolescents and 22 AlwO
(BMI>95 percentile) were studied. Anthropometry, body
composition (DEXA), spirometry, 30-sec isokinetic work capacity, and
maximal exercise (cycle ergometry) were measured. Results AlwO had
greater lean leg mass (LLM) (14.8±4.1 vs 21.0±4.3 kg, Con vs AlwO
p<0.001). Lung function did not differ, although FEV
trended higher in AlwO (101.0±13.1 vs 107.9±12.7
percent predicted, p=0.08). Leg 30-second work output did not differ in
absolute terms or per allometrically scaled LLM. Peak oxygen consumption
did not differ between the groups in absolute terms or as percent
predicted values (78.5±15.4 vs 82.1±16.5 percent predicted), but was
lower in AlwO when expressed per scaled kg of LLM. Peak oxygen
consumption related to both lung function and 30-second work capacity,
with no observed group effect. 30-second leg work capacity related to
the scaled muscle mass, with a small group effect. There was some
correlation between leg work capacity and time spent in moderate to
vigorous physical activity in AlwO (r =0.39, p=0.07).
Conclusion AlwO have larger LLM and preserved exercise capacity, when
expressed as percentage of predicted, but not per allometrically scaled
LLM. Increasing time spent in moderate to vigorous activity may benefit
AlwO.
Avian influenza A(H5) virus circulation in live bird markets in Vietnam, 2017–2022
Authors: Nguyen Diep , Sumner Kelsey , Nguyen Thoa , Phan Minh , Hoang Tien , Vo Chuong , Nguyen Tho , Nguyen Phuong , Yang Genyan , Jang Yunho , Jones Joyce , Olsen Sonja , Gould Philip , Nguyen Long , Davis C. Todd
Published: September 2023

Background: Highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5) human infections are
a global concern, with many A(H5) human cases detected in Vietnam,
including a case in October 2022. Using avian influenza virus
surveillance from March 2017‒September 2022, we described the percent of
pooled samples that were positive for avian influenza A, A(H5), A(H5N1),
A(H5N6), and A(H5N8) viruses in live bird markets in Vietnam. Methods:
Monthly at each LBM, 30 poultry oropharyngeal swab specimens and five
environmental samples were collected. Samples were pooled in groups of
five and tested for influenza A, A(H5), A(H5N1), A(H5N6), and A(H5N8)
viruses by real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction.
Trends in the percent of pooled samples that were positive for avian
influenza were summarized by LBM characteristics and time and compared
to the number of passively detected avian influenza outbreaks using
Spearman’s rank correlation. Results: A total of 25,774 pooled samples
were collected through active surveillance at 167 LBMs in 24 provinces;
36.9% of pooled samples were positive for influenza A, 3.6% A(H5),
1.9% A(H5N1), 1.1% A(H5N6), and 0.2% A(H5N8). Influenza A(H5) viruses
were identified January–December and at least once in 91.7% of sampled
provinces. In 246 A(H5) outbreaks in poultry; 20.3% were influenza
A(H5N1), 60.2% A(H5N6), and 19.5% A(H5N8); outbreaks did not correlate
with active surveillance. Conclusions: In Vietnam, influenza A(H5)
viruses were detected by active surveillance in LBMs year-round and in
most provinces sampled. In addition to outbreak reporting, active
surveillance for A(H5) viruses in settings with high potential for
animal-to-human spillover can provide situational awareness.