bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Genetics of symptom remission in outpatients with COVID-19
Authors: Dubé Marie-Pierre , Lemaçon Audrey , Barhdadi Amina , Lemieux Perreault Louis-Philippe , Oussaïd Essaïd , Asselin Géraldine , Provost Sylvie , Sun Maxine , Sandoval Johanna , Legault Marc-André , Mongrain Ian , Dubois Anick , Valois Diane , Dedelis Emma , Lousky Jennifer , Choi Julie , Goulet Elisabeth , Savard Christiane , Chicoine Lea-Mei , Cossette Mariève , Chabot-Blanchet Malorie , Guertin Marie-Claude , de Denus Simon , Bouabdallaoui Nadia , Marchand Richard , Bassevitch Zohar , Nozza Anna , Gaudet Daniel , L’Allier Philippe L. , Hussin Julie , Boivin Guy , Busseuil David , Tardif Jean-Claude
Published: May 2021

We conducted a genome-wide association study of time to remission of COVID-19 symptoms in 1723 outpatients with at least one risk factor for disease severity from the COLCORONA clinical trial. We found a significant association at 5p13.3 (rs1173773; P = 4.94 × 10–8) near the natriuretic peptide receptor 3 gene (NPR3). By day 15 of the study, 44%, 54% and 59% of participants with 0, 1, or 2 copies of the effect allele respectively, had symptom remission. In 851 participants not treated with colchicine (placebo), there was a significant association at 9q33.1 (rs62575331; P = 2.95 × 10–8) in interaction with colchicine (P = 1.19 × 10–5) without impact on risk of hospitalisations, highlighting a possibly shared mechanistic pathway. By day 15 of the study, 46%, 62% and 64% of those with 0, 1, or 2 copies of the effect allele respectively, had symptom remission. The findings need to be replicated and could contribute to the biological understanding of COVID-19 symptom remission.
[18F]FDG-labelled stem cell PET imaging in different route of administrations and multiple animal species
Authors: Nose Naoko , Nogami Suguru , Koshino Kazuhiro , Chen Xinyu , Werner Rudolf A. , Kashima Soki , Rowe Steven P. , Lapa Constantin , Fukuchi Kazuki , Higuchi Takahiro
Published: May 2021

Stem cell therapy holds great promise for tissue regeneration and cancer treatment, although its efficacy is still inconclusive and requires further understanding and optimization of the procedures. Non-invasive cell tracking can provide an important opportunity to monitor in vivo cell distribution in living subjects. Here, using a combination of positron emission tomography (PET) and in vitro 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-D-glucose ([18F]FDG) direct cell labelling, the feasibility of engrafted stem cell monitoring was tested in multiple animal species. Human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were incubated with phosphate-buffered saline containing [18F]FDG for in vitro cell radiolabelling. The pre-labelled MSCs were administrated via peripheral vein in a mouse (n = 1), rats (n = 4), rabbits (n = 4) and non-human primates (n = 3), via carotid artery in rats (n = 4) and non-human primates (n = 3), and via intra-myocardial injection in rats (n = 5). PET imaging was started 10 min after cell administration using a dedicated small animal PET system for a mouse and rats. A clinical PET system was used for the imaging of rabbits and non-human primates. After MSC administration via peripheral vein, PET imaging revealed intense radiotracer signal from the lung in all tested animal species including mouse, rat, rabbit, and non-human primate, suggesting administrated MSCs were trapped in the lung tissue. Furthermore, the distribution of the PET signal significantly differed based on the route of cell administration. Administration via carotid artery showed the highest activity in the head, and intra-myocardial injection increased signal from the heart. In vitro [18F]FDG MSC pre-labelling for PET imaging is feasible and allows non-invasive visualization of initial cell distribution after different routes of cell administration in multiple animal models. Those results highlight the potential use of that imaging approach for the understanding and optimization of stem cell therapy in translational research.
Systemic inflammation and pro-inflammatory cytokine profile predict response to checkpoint inhibitor treatment in NSCLC: a prospective study
Authors: Kauffmann-Guerrero Diego , Kahnert Kathrin , Kiefl Rosemarie , Sellmer Laura , Walter Julia , Behr Jürgen , Tufman Amanda
Published: May 2021

Treatment with single agent immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has tremendously changed second line therapy in NSCLC. However, there are still no reliable biomarkers predicting response and survival in this group of patients. PD-L1 revealed to be a correlating, but no perfect marker. Therefore, we sought to investigate in this prospective study, whether inflammation status and cytokine profile could serve as additional biomarkers guiding treatment decision for single agent ICIs in NSCLC. 29 stage IV NSCLC patients receiving single agent PD-1 checkpoint-inhibitor in second line were prospectively enrolled. Inflammatory scores and cytokine profiles (IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IFN-γ and TNFα) have been obtained before treatment and at the time of the first staging. Cytokine profiles were correlated with response and survival. Patients with signs of pre-therapeutic inflammation (elevated, NLR, SII, IL-6, IL-8) showed significantly lower response to ICI treatment and reduced PFS. Contrary, elevated levels of IFN-γ revealed to characterize a subgroup of patients, who significantly benefits from ICI treatment. Furthermore, low systemic inflammation and high levels of IFN-γ characterized patients with long term-response to ICI treatment. Pre-therapeutic assessment of inflammation and cytokine profiles has the ability to predict response and survival in NSCLC patients treated with single agent ICIs.
Chill coma onset and recovery fail to reveal true variation in thermal performance among populations of Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Davis Hannah E. , Cheslock Alexandra , MacMillan Heath A.
Published: May 2021

Species from colder climates tend to be more chill tolerant regardless of the chill tolerance trait measured, but for Drosophila melanogaster, population-level differences in chill tolerance among populations are not always found when a single trait is measured in the laboratory. We measured chill coma onset temperature, chill coma recovery time, and survival after chronic cold exposure in replicate lines derived from multiple paired African and European D. melanogaster populations. The populations in our study were previously found to differ in chronic cold survival ability, which is believed to have evolved independently in each population pair; however, they did not differ in chill coma onset temperature and chill coma recovery time in a manner that reflected their geographic origins, even though these traits are known to vary with origin latitude among Drosophila species and are among the most common metrics of thermal tolerance in insects. While it is common practice to measure only one chill tolerance trait when comparing chill tolerance among insect populations, our results emphasise the importance of measuring more than one thermal tolerance trait to minimize the risk of missing real adaptive variation in insect thermal tolerance.
Removal of hexavalent chromium from wastewater by Cu/Fe bimetallic nanoparticles
Authors: Ye Jien , Wang Yi , Xu Qiao , Wu Hanxin , Tong Jianhao , Shi Jiyan
Published: May 2021

Passivation of nanoscale zerovalent iron hinders its efficiency in water treatment, and loading another catalytic metal has been found to improve the efficiency significantly. In this study, Cu/Fe bimetallic nanoparticles were prepared by liquid-phase chemical reduction for removal of hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) from wastewater. Synthesized bimetallic nanoparticles were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, Brunauer–Emmet–Teller isotherm, and X-ray diffraction. The results showed that Cu loading can significantly enhance the removal efficiency of Cr(VI) by 29.3% to 84.0%, and the optimal Cu loading rate was 3% (wt%). The removal efficiency decreased with increasing initial pH and Cr(VI) concentration. The removal of Cr(VI) was better fitted by pseudo-second-order model than pseudo-first-order model. Thermodynamic analysis revealed that the Cr(VI) removal was spontaneous and endothermic, and the increase of reaction temperature facilitated the process. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis indicated that Cr(VI) was completely reduced to Cr(III) and precipitated on the particle surface as hydroxylated Cr(OH)3 and CrxFe1−x(OH)3 coprecipitation. Our work could be beneficial for the application of iron-based nanomaterials in remediation of wastewater.
Simulation of diurnal variability in vertical density structure using a coupled model
Authors: Yadidya B. , Rao A. D. , Mohanty Sachiko
Published: May 2021

The changes in the physical properties of the ocean on a diurnal scale primarily occur in the surface mixed layer and the pycnocline. Price–Weller–Pinkel model, which modifies the surface mixed layer, and the internal wave model based on Garrett–Munk spectra that calculates the vertical displacements due to internal waves are coupled to simulate the diurnal variability in temperature and salinity, and thereby density profiles. The coupled model is used to simulate the hourly variations in density at RAMA buoy (15° N, 90° E), in the central Bay of Bengal, and at BD12 (10.5° N, 94° E), in the Andaman Sea. The simulations are validated with the in-situ observations from December 2013 to November 2014. The primary advantage of this model is that it could simulate spatial variability as well. An integrated model is also tested and validated by using the output of the 3D model to initialize the coupled model during January, April, July, and October. The 3D model can be used to initialize the coupled model at any given location within the model domain to simulate the diurnal variability of density. The simulations showed promising results which could be further used in simulating the acoustic fields and propagation losses which are crucial for Navy operations.
Ultraviolet spectroscopy of pressurized and supercritical carbon dioxide
Authors: Marin Timothy W. , Janik Ireneusz
Published: May 2021

Carbon dioxide (CO2) is prevalent in planetary atmospheres and sees use in a variety of industrial applications. Despite its ubiquitous nature, its photochemistry remains poorly understood. In this work we explore the density dependence of pressurized and supercritical CO2 electronic absorption spectra by vacuum ultraviolet spectroscopy over the wavelength range 1455-2000 Å. We show that the lowest absorption band transition energy is unaffected by a density increase up to and beyond the thermodynamic critical point (137 bar, 308 K). However, the diffuse vibrational structure inherent to the spectrum gradually decreases in magnitude. This effect cannot be explained solely by collisional broadening and/or dimerization. We suggest that at high densities close proximity of neighboring CO2 molecules with a variety of orientations perturbs the multiple monomer electronic state potential energy surfaces, facilitating coupling between binding and dissociative states. We estimate a critical radius of ~4.1 Å necessary to cause such perturbations.
Facile fabrication of eugenol-containing polysiloxane films with good optical properties and excellent thermal stabilityviaSi–H chemistry
Authors: Yi Minghao , Chen Xunjun , Shuttleworth Peter S. , Tan Lewen , Ruan Yunqing , Xu Yixin , Zheng Jiefeng , Wu Shufang , Hu Sen , Xie Simin , Guan Zhixing , Yin Guoqiang , Cui Yingde
Published: May 2021

Biomass-containing polysiloxane films that exhibit good optical properties and excellent thermal stability for encapsulation have been developedviathe Piers–Rubinsztajn reaction and Pt-catalysed hydrosilylation.
Functionalized polystyrene nanoplastic-induced energy homeostasis imbalance and the immunomodulation dysfunction of marine clams (Meretrix meretrix) at environmentally relevant concentrations
Authors: Liu Liuqingqing , Zheng Hao , Luan Liping , Luo Xianxiang , Wang Xiao , Lu Hui , Li Yan , Wen Liuying , Li Fengmin , Zhao Jian
Published: May 2021

Functionalized polystyrene nanoplastics inhibit the growth of marine clams (Meretrix meretrix) through energy homeostasis imbalance and immunomodulation dysfunction at environmentally relevant concentrations.
The synthesis of novel FeS2/g-C3N4nanocomposites for the removal of tetracycline under visible-light irradiation
Authors: Gao Shengwang , Liu Yang , Zhu Jianchao , Wang Yaqiao , Han Xue , Xia Xunfeng , Zhao Xiang
Published: May 2021

The proposed mechanism when using 20%-FC for organic pollutant degradation under light irradiation was studied.
Oxidized eutectic gallium–indium (EGaIn) nanoparticles for broadband light response in a graphene-based photodetector
Authors: Wang Pengfei , Hu Qianqian , Lv Bocheng , Liu Yu , Yin Jun , Sun Jialin
Published: May 2021

Oxidized EGaIn nanoparticles on suspended graphene achieve photodetection with improvement in responsivity by three orders of magnitude from ultraviolet to near infrared light.
Injectable hydrogels self-assembled from oligopeptide-poly(2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine) hybrid graft copolymers for cell scaffolds and controlled release applications
Authors: Koga Tomoyuki , Matsuoka Tomoo , Morita Yusuke , Higashi Nobuyuki
Published: May 2021

An injectable hydrogel composed of biocompatible PMPC with PEG-attached self-assembling peptide grafts was newly prepared, and it could be used as 3D cell scaffolds and controlled-release applications.
V-shaped pyranylidene/triphenylamine-based chromophores with enhanced photophysical, electrochemical and nonlinear optical properties
Authors: Gámez-Valenzuela Sergio , Neusser David , Benitez-Martin Carlos , Najera Francisco , Guadix Juan A. , Moreno-Yruela Carlos , Villacampa Belén , Ponce Ortiz Rocío , Ludwigs Sabine , Andreu Raquel , Ruiz Delgado M. Carmen
Published: May 2021

We present two near-infrared fluorescent chromophores as versatile materials with a myriad of applications ranging from optoelectronics to biological applications.
An air-stable, Zn2+-based catalyst for hydrosilylation of alkenes and alkynes
Authors: Groutchik Kristina , Jaiswal Kuldeep , Dobrovetsky Roman
Published: May 2021

An air-stable, Zn2+-based catalyst for catalytic hydrosilylation reactions of alkenes and alkynes.
Regulation of tectonic sequences in chain-folding-directed monodisperse isomeric oligomers precisely tailored by Ugi-hydrosilylation orthogonal cycles
Authors: Li Chao , Han Li , Chen Xiping , Bao Xinyu , Sun Qi , Ma Hongwei , Li Yang
Published: May 2021

Monodisperse discrete oligomers with a tailored sequence of linkages within their backbones, which has been defined as a tectonic sequence, were precisely constructed through Ugi-4CRs coupled to hydrosilylation orthogonal cycles.
Stepwise coordination isomerism of 2D networks: adsorption of diiodomethane into crystals and recognition in SCSC mode
Authors: Kim Junhee , Park Junmyeong , Kim Dongwon , Di Serio Martino , Jung Ok-Sang
Published: May 2021

3CH2Cl2·2C2H5OH@[CdI2L] with a new 2D topology of {43·62·8} are isomerized into new single crystals of 4C4H8O@[CdI2L]. Interestingly, both crystals are integral to an efficient and tolerant matrix for recognition of diiodomethane in the SCSC mode.
Synthesis, structure and properties of semi-internally BN-substituted annulated thiophenes
Authors: Tian Dawei , Zhang Wenhao , Shi Guofei , Luo Sha , Chen Ying , Chen Wanying , Huang Huanan , Xing Siyang , Zhu Bolin
Published: May 2021

A series of semi-internally BN-substituted annulated thiophenes were synthesized from easily accessible 2,1-borazaronaphthalenes.
Asymmetric synthesis of 3-benzyl and allyl isoindolinones by Pd-catalyzed dicarbofunctionalization of 1,1-disubstituted enamides
Authors: Huang Wenyi , Shrestha Mohini , Wang Chenchen , Fang Ke , Teng Yaxin , Qu Jingping , Chen Yifeng
Published: May 2021

The Pd-catalyzed enantioselective Heck/Suzuki reaction of 1,1-disubstituted enamides with aryl/vinyl boronic acids has been developed to access 3-benzyl/allyl substituted isoindolinones bearing a tetrasubstituted stereogenic carbon center.
An ultra-highly sensitive and selective self-enhanced AIECL sensor for public security early warning in a nuclear emergency via a co-reactive group poisoning mechanism
Authors: Wang Ziyu , Xu Meiyun , Zhang Nan , Pan Jian-Bin , Wu Xinqi , Liu Peng , Xu Jing-Juan , Hua Daoben
Published: May 2021

A mechanism of co-reactive group poisoning (CGP) was discovered for designing efficient I2 vapor sensors for early warning of a nuclear emergency, which give an ultra-low detection limit of 0.13 ppt as well as high selectivity.
Preliminary Evidence on the Impact of Hearing Aid Use on Falls Risk in Individuals With Self-Reported Hearing Loss
Authors: Riska Kristal M. , Peskoe Sarah B. , Gordee Alex , Kuchibhatla Maragatha , Smith Sherri L.
Published: May 2021

Purpose

Falls are considered a significant public health issue, and hearing loss has been shown to be an independent risk factor for falls. The primary objective of this study was to determine if hearing aid use modified (reduced) the association. We hypothesized that routine hearing aid use would reduce the impact of hearing loss on the odds of falling. If hearing aid users have reduced odds of falling, then that would have an important impact on falls prevention health care.

Method

Data from 8,091 individuals 40 years of age and older who completed National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) cycles 1999–2004 were used. NHANES comprises a series of cross-sectional studies, each of which is representative of the total civilian noninstitutionalized population of children and adults in the United States, enabling unbiased national estimates of health that can be independently reproduced. Self-reported hearing, hearing aid status, falls history, and comorbidities were extracted and analyzed using regression modeling.

Results

The 8,091 individuals were grouped based on a self-reported history of falls in the last year. Self-reported hearing loss was significantly associated with odds of falling. Categorizing individuals based on routine hearing aid use was included as an interaction term in the fully adjusted models and was not significant, suggesting no difference in falls based on hearing aid status.

Conclusions

The unique results of the current study show that when examining self-reported hearing in a nationally representative sample, hearing aid use does not appear to mitigate or modify the association between self-reported hearing and falls. Future research designs are highlighted to address limitations identified using NHANES data for this research and focus on the use of experimental designs to further understand the association between hearing loss and falls, including whether hearing loss may be a modifiable risk factor for falls.

Supplemental Material

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.14642784
Constrained optimised flexible power control for grid‐connected converters under unbalanced faults
Authors: Rufa'I Nabila Ahmed , Zhang Li , Chong Benjamin
Published: May 2021

This paper presents a constrained multi‐objective optimisation scheme for a grid‐connected voltage source converter operating under unbalanced voltage conditions in a three‐phase three‐wire system. The scheme is aimed at evaluating the converter reference currents required to supply all the power generated by the connected source to the grid, whilst simultaneously suppressing oscillations of both real and reactive powers. The trade‐off between these two conflicting requirements is achieved by setting a single cost function with variable weightings. Two constraints are set to restrict the converter instantaneous phase current and maintain low DC‐bus voltage percentage ripple. A genetic algorithm is applied to search for the optimal solution. Simulation results are presented and confirm the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Reconstructing solar magnetic fields from historical observations
Authors: Virtanen I. O. I. , Pevtsov A. A. , Virtanen I. I. , Mursula K.
Published: May 2021

Context. The evolution of the photospheric magnetic field can be simulated with surface flux transport (SFT) simulations, which allow for the study of the evolution of the entire field, including polar fields, solely using observations of the active regions. However, because only one side of the Sun is visible at a time, active regions that emerge and decay on the far-side are not observed and not included in the simulations. As a result, some flux is missed.

Aims. We construct additional active regions and apply them to the far-side of the Sun in an SFT simulation to assess the possible effects and the magnitude of error that the missing far-side flux causes. We estimate how taking the missing far-side flux into account affects long-term SFT simulations.

Methods. We identified active regions from synoptic maps of the photospheric magnetic field between 1975 and 2019. We divided them into solar cycle wings and determined their lifetimes. Using the properties of observed active regions with sufficiently short lifetimes, we constructed additional active regions and inserted them into an SFT simulation.

Results. We find that adding active regions with short lifetimes to the far-side of the Sun results in significantly stronger polar fields in minimum times and slightly delayed polarity reversals. These results partly remedy the earlier results, which show overly weak polar fields and polarity reversals that are slightly too early when far-side emergence is not taken into account. The far-side active regions do not significantly affect poleward flux surges, which are mostly caused by larger long-living active regions. The far-side emergence leads to a weak continuous flow of flux, which affects polar fields over long periods of time.
Oberflächliche Venenthrombose der Beinvenen – Eine systematische Übersicht – Teil 2: Therapie
Authors: Wienert Volker , Gerontopoulou Stefania Aglaia , Rass Knuth
Published: May 2021

Einleitung Die oberflächliche Venenthrombose (OVT) der Beinvenen ist mit einer Inzidenz von 0,5–1/1000 Einwohner/Jahr ein häufiges und mit einer Frequenz assoziierter thromboembolischer Ereignisse in bis zu 25 % der Fälle ein ernst zu nehmendes Krankheitsbild. In der vorliegenden Übersichtsarbeit sollen alle relevanten Aspekte der OVT basierend auf der aktuellen wissenschaftlichen Literatur behandelt werden.

Methoden Die systematische Übersicht umfasst das Wissen über die OVT basierend auf dem gesamten, systemisch recherchierten Erkenntnismaterial in den Datenbanken PubMed und Google Scholar. Eine Literaturrecherche in PubMed von Publikationen (1968–2018) mit den Suchbegriffen „Superficial vein thrombosis; thrombophlebitis“ ergab 102 aussagekräftige Arbeiten, die nach Vorlage der Originalarbeit ausgewertet wurden. Teil 2 der Arbeit behandelt Aspekte zur Therapie.

Ergebnisse Die Bewertungskriterien der Therapie der OVT sind in den einzelnen Leitlinien und Übersichtsarbeiten z. T. unterschied­lich. Andererseits ist in den letzten Jahren eine zunehmende Stringenz in den Therapieempfehlungen festzustellen, die vom Ausprägungsgrad der OVT abhängig sind. Zu deren Prinzipien gehören die Mobilisation des Patienten und das Tragen eines medizinischen Kompressionsstrumpfes der Kompressionsklasse II. Die medikamentöse Therapie umfasst den Einsatz von Fondaparinux oder niedermolekularen Heparinen. Fondaparinux ist derzeit das einzig zugelassene Medikament für diese Indikation ab einer Thrombusausdehnung von mindestens 5 cm. Rivaroxaban in einer Tagesdosis von 10 mg war gegenüber Fondaparinux in einer randomisierten Studie nicht unterlegen; dies führte jedoch nicht zu einer Zulassung für die Indikation der OVT. Eine therapeutische Antikoagulation hingegen wird empfohlen, sobald sich das proximale Thrombusende 3 cm oder näher zum Übergang in das tiefe Venensystem befindet. Nichtsteroidale Antirheumatika reduzieren das Risiko einer OVT-Extension oder eines Rezidivs und wirken schmerzlindernd. Die Therapie mit Externa bietet nur lokale symptomlindernde Effekte. Eine operative Therapie der OVT kann in bestimmten Situationen erwogen werden, um Varizen, Schmerzen und das Risiko einer Thrombusaszension in einem Behandlungsschritt zu beseitigen.

Schlussfolgerung Aufgrund der Häufigkeit und des Risikos potenziell lebensbedrohender Komplikationen sollte der OVT der Beinvenen eine größere Beachtung zukommen, insbesondere mit Blick auf eine auf den individuellen Befund ausgerichtete Stadien-adaptierte Therapie.
Lichen Depsidones with Biological Interest
Authors: Ureña-Vacas Isabel , González-Burgos Elena , Divakar Pradeep Kumar , Gómez-Serranillos M. Pilar
Published: May 2021

Depsidones are some of the most abundant secondary metabolites produced by lichens. These compounds have aroused great pharmacological interest due to their activities as antioxidants, antimicrobial, and cytotoxic agents. Hence, this paper aims to provide up-to-date knowledge including an overview of the potential biological interest of lichen depsidones. So far, the most studied depsidones are fumarprotocetraric acid, lobaric acid, norstictic acid, physodic acid, salazinic acid, and stictic acid. Their pharmacological activities have been mainly investigated in in vitro studies and, to a lesser extent, in in vivo studies. No clinical trials have been performed yet. Depsidones are promising cytotoxic agents that act against different cell lines of animal and human origin. Moreover, these compounds have shown antimicrobial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and fungi, mainly Candida spp. Furthermore, depsidones have antioxidant properties as revealed in oxidative stress in vitro and in vivo models. Future research should be focused on further investigating the mechanism of action of depsidones and in evaluating new potential actions as well as other depsidones that have not been studied yet from a pharmacological perspective. Likewise, more in vivo studies are prerequisite, and clinical trials for the most promising depsidones are encouraged.
Complicated Ventral Hernia: A Perquisite for Perforated Peptic Ulcer—Unusual Clinical Scenario
Authors: Gandhi Jignesh A. , Shinde Pravin , Kothari Bhavika , Kharkongor Marina
Published: May 2021

Introduction Peptic ulcer usually presents to the emergency in the form of an acute abdomen, which is usually diagnosed easily either clinically or radiologically. Although its incidence has decreased with the introduction on proton pump inhibitors it is still one of the most common emergencies encountered by a surgeon.

Case Presentation A 60-year-old woman complained of epigastric swelling for 6 months which gradually increased and became irreducible over the last 2 months. The patient also complained of pain associated with vomiting. Radiological investigations revealed a epigastric hernia with omentum and stomach as content along with fluid collection in the right perihepatic region, with tiny air foci. The patient was explored for the same.

Discussion Perforated peptic ulcer is a serious complication and carries high risk of morbidity and mortality. Early diagnosis with immediate resuscitation and surgical intervention is essential to improve outcomes. This is a rare case of perforated gastric ulcer which was masked under the complicated ventral hernia.
Anti-IgE Monoclonal Antibody in Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis Not Responding to Systemic Steroids
Authors: Sharma Pratibha , Ganga Ranganath T.
Published: May 2021

Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) is a hypersensitivity disorder caused by Aspergillus fumigatus commonly among patients of bronchial asthma. Early diagnosis is the key to successful management and preventing parenchymal destruction. Most of the patients respond well to systemic steroids. In patients not responding to standard treatment, the other treatment options include pulse steroids, antifungals, immunosuppressants, and omalizumab. But exact indication for each of these is not well established. Here we report a 41-year-old ABPA patient who was not responding to systemic steroids became totally asymptomatic with the administration of omalizumab.
30-Day Readmissions and Coordination of Care Following Endoscopic Transsphenoidal Pituitary Surgery: Experience with 409 Patients
Authors: Ghiam Michael K. , Chyou Darius E. , Dable Cortney L. , Katz Andrew P. , Eichberg Daniel G. , Zhang Hang , Ayala Alejandro R. , Kargi Atil Y. , Komotar Ricardo J. , Sargi Zoukaa
Published: May 2021

Objective The study aimed to (1) quantify readmission rates and common causes of readmission following endoscopic transsphenoidal pituitary surgery (ETPS); (2) identify risk factors that may predict readmission within 30 days; (3) assess postoperative care coordination with endocrinology follow-up; and (4) identify patients for whom targeted interventions may reduce 30-day readmissions.

Methods Retrospective quality improvement review of patients with pituitary adenoma who underwent ETPS from December 2010 to 2018 at a single tertiary care center.

Results A total of 409 patients were included in the study, of which 57 (13.9%) were readmitted within 30 days. Hyponatremia was the most common cause of readmission (4.2%) followed by pain/headache (3.9%), cerebrospinal fluid leak (3.4%), epistaxis (2.7%), hypernatremia (1.2%), and adrenal insufficiency (1.2%). Patients with hyponatremia were readmitted significantly earlier than other causes (4.3 ± 2.2 vs. 10.6 ± 10.9 days from discharge, p = 0.032). Readmitted patients had significantly less frequent outpatient follow-up with an endocrinologist than the nonreadmitted cohort (56.1 vs. 70.5%, p = 0.031). Patients who had outpatient follow-up with an endocrinologist were at lower risk of readmission compared with those without (odds ratio: 0.46; 95% confidence interval: 0.24–0.88).

Conclusion Delayed hyponatremia is one of the most common causes of 30-day readmission following ETPS. Postoperative follow-up with an endocrinologist may reduce risk of 30-day readmission following ETPS.

Implications for Clinical Practice A multidisciplinary team incorporating otolaryngologist, neurosurgeons, and endocrinologist may identify patients at risk of 30-day readmissions. Protocols checking serum sodium within 1 week of surgery in conjunction with endocrinologist to tailor fluid restriction may reduce readmissions from delayed hyponatremia.
Automatisierung: Transportlogistik im technologiegetriebenen Umbruch
Authors: Rauch Christian , Hintze Marcus
Published: May 2021

Für die operative Durchführung der vielfältigen Transportbedarfe im Klinikalltag kommen – insbesondere in Neubauten – zunehmend automatische Warentransportanlagen (AWT) in Form fahrerloser Transportsysteme zum Einsatz. Durch technische Innovationen und marktreife Produkte gefördert, wird sich der Automatisierungsgrad mit diesen Systemen weiter erhöhen und die Durchdringung der verschiedenen Anwendungsbereiche in Krankenhäusern weiter steigen.
Resonant dielectric metasurfaces in strong optical fields
Authors: Zubyuk Varvara , Carletti Luca , Shcherbakov Maxim , Kruk Sergey
Published: May 2021

Optical materials are undergoing revolutionary transformations driven by nanotechnology. Our ability to engineer structures at a scale smaller than the wavelength of light enables new properties and functionalities otherwise not available in natural bulk optical materials. A class of such components—dielectric metasurfaces—employs two-dimensional arrays of designer resonant nanoscale elements whose optical response is defined by their geometry. While linear regimes of interactions between dielectric metasurfaces and moderately intense light have already formed a mature field of applied research and engineering, new frontiers are being actively explored in the nonlinear optical regime describing interactions of metasurfaces with strong optical fields. In this Research Update, we cover the most recent progress along with several directions of research within the field of nonlinear optics of dielectric metasurfaces. Specifically, we review approaches to design and fabricate metasurfaces with high local field enhancements that facilitate nonlinear light–matter interactions, outline nonlinearity-enabled functionalities of dielectric metasurfaces, explore resonant metasurfaces in the strong-field non-perturbative regime, and discuss the implications of the time-variant refractive index in metasurfaces that interact with strong optical fields produced by laser pulses.
Optimal resilience of modular interacting networks
Authors: Dong Gaogao , Wang Fan , Shekhtman Louis M. , Danziger Michael M. , Fan Jingfang , Du Ruijin , Liu Jianguo , Tian Lixin , Stanley H. Eugene , Havlin Shlomo
Published: May 2021

Significance

In real-world scenarios, many subnetworks interact with other subnetworks to form a modular interacting network system. In previous models, it was assumed that all subnetworks may be linked pairwise; however, in real systems, only some pairs of subnetworks are connected. Understanding how to develop theoretical frameworks and study system resilience of general coupling patterns of the subnetworks is of significant importance for designing and optimizing economic, social, and infrastructure networks. Here we present two frameworks for such systems having specific coupling patterns to investigate their resilience. Specifically, we find an optimal level of interaction between subnetworks, which maximizes the system’s resilience to failures. Our findings highlight the need to consider real-world coupling patterns and possible optimizations for designing resilient systems.
Cross-platform validation of neurotransmitter release impairments in schizophrenia patient-derivedNRXN1-mutant neurons
Authors: Pak ChangHui , Danko Tamas , Mirabella Vincent R. , Wang Jinzhao , Liu Yingfei , Vangipuram Madhuri , Grieder Sarah , Zhang Xianglong , Ward Thomas , Huang Yu-Wen Alvin , Jin Kang , Dexheimer Philip , Bardes Eric , Mitelpunkt Alexis , Ma Junyi , McLachlan Michael , Moore Jennifer C. , Qu Pingping , Purmann Carolin , Dage Jeffrey L. , Swanson Bradley J. , Urban Alexander E. , Aronow Bruce J. , Pang Zhiping P. , Levinson Douglas F. , Wernig Marius , Südhof Thomas C.
Published: May 2021

Significance

HeterozygousNRXN1deletions predispose to schizophrenia and other neurodevelopmental disorders. Engineered heterozygousNRXN1deletions impair neurotransmitter release in human neurons, suggesting a synaptic pathophysiological mechanism. In a multicenter effort to test the generality and robustness of this pivotal observation, we used, at two laboratories, independent analyses of patient-derived and newly engineered human neurons with heterozygousNRXN1deletions. Schizophrenia patient-derived neurons withNRXN1deletions exhibited the same major decrease in neurotransmitter release and an increase in CASK protein as engineered human neurons withNRXN1deletions. Strikingly, engineered mouseNrxn1-deficient neurons derived by the same method displayed no such phenotype, suggesting a human-specific role forNRXN1. Thus, heterozygousNRXN1deletions robustly impair synaptic function in human neurons, enabling future drug discovery efforts.
Multiple Correspondence Analysis, newspaper discourse and subregister
Authors: Clarke Isobelle , McEnery Tony , Brookes Gavin
Published: May 2021

This article introduces a new method for grouping keywords and examines the extent to which it also allows analysts to
explore the interaction of discourse and subregister. It uses the multivariate statistical technique, Multiple Correspondence Analysis, to
reveal dimensions of keywords which co-occur across the texts of a corpus. These dimensions are then interpreted in terms of the discourses
to which they contribute within the data, thus forming the basis of a corpus-assisted discourse analysis. The approach is demonstrated
through analysis of the discourses that are used to represent Muslims and Islam in a corpus of UK national newspaper articles published on
these topics spanning 2010–2019. The approach reveals an interaction between discourse and subregister, hence this article argues for the
need for (corpus-assisted) discourse analysts to account for subregister as a level of meaningful variation when analysing press
discourse.
Four-decade follow-up of a plutonium-contaminated puncture wound treated with Ca-DTPA
Authors: Avtandilashvili Maia , Tolmachev Sergei Y
Published: May 2021

Contaminated wounds are a common route of internal deposition of radionuclides for nuclear and radiation workers. They may result in significant doses to radiosensitive organs and tissues in an exposed individual’s body. The United States Transuranium and Uranium Registries’ whole-body donor (Case 0303) accidentally punctured his finger on equipment contaminated with plutonium nitrate. The wound was surgically excised and medically treated with intravenous injections of Ca-DTPA. A total of 16 g Ca-DTPA was administered in 18 treatments during the 2 months following the accident. Ninety-three urine samples were collected and analysed over 14 years following the accident. An estimated 239Pu activity of 73.7 Bq was excreted during Ca-DTPA treatment. Post-mortem radiochemical analysis of autopsy tissues indicated that 40 years post-accident 21.6 ± 0.2 Bq of 239Pu was retained in the skeleton, 12.2 ± 0.3 Bq in the liver, and 3.7 ± 0.1 Bq in other soft tissues; 1.35 ± 0.02 Bq of 239Pu was measured in tissue samples from the wound site. To estimate the plutonium intake, late urine measurements, which were unaffected by chelation, and post-mortem radiochemical analysis results were evaluated using the IMBA Professional Plus software. The application of the National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements wound model with an assumption of intake material as a predominantly strongly retained soluble plutonium compound with a small insoluble fraction adequately described the data (p = 0.46). The effective intake was estimated to be 50.2 Bq of plutonium nitrate and 1.5 Bq of the fragment. The prompt medical intervention with contaminated tissue excision and subsequent Ca-DTPA decorporation therapy reduced 239Pu activity available for uptake and long-term retention in this individual’s systemic organs by a factor of 38.
E-textile based wearable thermometer from WS2-quantum dots
Authors: Abid  , Sehrawat Poonam , Julien C M , Islam S S
Published: May 2021

We report here the successful operation of WS2-QD/RGO hybrid temperature sensor, which performs instant measurement like thermometer in a wide temperature range: 77–398 K, in both static- and instant mode. All this was possible by embedding WS2-QDs on electrically conducting RGO layer, synthesized on cotton textile fabric. The device is simple, scalable, flexible and cost-effective. Successful trial to monitor human body temperature is conducted with fast response- and recovery time ∼0.60 and 11.3 s with an exceptional resolution ∼0.06 K. Crucial parameters such as temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR) and thermal hysteresis (H
th) were theoretically analyzed to understand the intricate mechanism behind the working of a temperature sensor; temperature sensing data at both high- and low temperatures are outstanding as well as competitive. To mention, a few of these parameters are found comparable and even superior to some of the devices as reported. This sensor device proved its flexibility and stability under various in situ mechanical deformation tests, showing its promising potential for future generation wearable health monitoring devices. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on WS2 in general, and WS2-QDs, in specific, based temperature sensing device and its operational demonstration as of now.
Electronic, optical, and transport properties of RbYbX3 (X = Cl, Br) for solar cells and renewable energy: a quantum DFT study
Authors: Mahmood Q , Hedhili F , Al-Shomar S , Chebaaneef S , Al-Muhimeed Tahani I , AlObaid Abeer A , Mera Abeer , Alamri Osama Abdulaziz
Published: May 2021

The electronic, optical, and thermoelectric properties of RbYbX3 (X = Cl, Br) are investigated with density functional theory based Modified Becke and Johnson (mBJ) potential which is executed in Wien2K code. The tolerance factors (0.96, 0.98) and formation energies favor their structural and thermodynamic stabilities. The direct bandgaps of 1.42 eV and 1.30 eV for RbYbCl3, and RbYbBr3 address the visible region of spectrum for solar cells. The optical properties are explored comprehensively in terms of dielectric constants, refractive index, absorption coefficient, and reflection. The absorption bands of light are in the visible region, and light is plane-polarized. Furthermore, the thermoelectric properties are analyzed in terms of thermal and electrical conductivities, Seebeck coefficient, and figure of merit. The room temperature ZT turns out to be 0.78 for RbYbCl3 and 0.75 for RbYbBr3. The maximum absorption in the visible region and high ZT make them excellent materials for renewable energy applications.
Entropy approach in the analysis of vibration and partial discharge signals
Authors: Burda E A , Naumenko A P , Odinets A I
Published: May 2021

The development of new methods of technical diagnostics is an important task aimed at improving the efficiency and safety of the operation of industrial equipment. Such methods are complexes of jointly used methods for obtaining diagnostic information, methods for extracting from it the actual data on the technical state of the diagnosed objects, and methods for organizing diagnostic processes. At the same time, the criteria of importance and value, as a rule, are different for the developers of these methods, developers of diagnostic systems, and direct operators of equipment, which requires the search for solutions that are a compromise for all interested parties and meet certain optimality requirements. One of the new approaches in the field of identifying and controlling new diagnostic information is the entropy method for evaluating data. Testing the applicability of this approach to the analysis of signals of vibration and partial discharges has shown the possibility of obtaining data on changes in the state of the diagnosed object. This information can be used to develop new diagnostic features designed for earlier detection of developing defects, as well as for checking and confirming technical diagnoses obtained by classical methods.
Complex method of railway tanks and reservoirs tightness control
Authors: Kulakovskaya V P , Kuznetsov A A , Kondratenko E V
Published: May 2021

This article presents the development of a complex method of tank impermeability control by the example of rail tank cars. Application of methods of acoustic emission and thermal control makes it possible to detect defects on the surface of tanks in two stages-localization of the through defect is carried out by the acoustic method, and the determination of geometrical size of the defect by the analysis of temperature anomalies of the outer surface of the tank. Application of such method in practice increases reliability of nondestructive control of railway tanks and reservoirs.
Implementation of additive technologies in the system of maintenance and repair of printing machines
Authors: Yu Orlova E , Riabtsev M A , Varepo L G , Trapeznikova O V
Published: May 2021

Results of testing the additive technology and recommendations for its implementation into the structure of maintenance and repair of printing plants are given, as an example of manufacturing simple parts in a service point. Additive technology method was used for manufacture and testing of coatings of feeder table sheet feeding rolls and web conductors, the housing of the stroboscope for monitoring the check marks on the impression print in the process of printing, sealing packings to the automatic cleaning system of offset machines printing unit. A preliminary analysis of print materials, presented in the Russian market, that can be used in print works for manufacturing spare parts of printing machines, was carried out.
Algorithm for controlling objects implementing a semi-passive guidance technique
Authors: Pavlov V I , Belousov O A , Dorokhova T Y , Belyaev M P , Trapeznikov E V
Published: May 2021

The minimum composition of objects involved in the implementation of the developed semi-passive guidance technique is determined. The prospects of implementing the developed technique with a network-centric method of object interaction are indicated. A variant of the synthesis of trajectory control algorithms for all objects involved in the implementation of the developed technique is presented. The potential feasibility of the method is shown when using the measuring instruments available in the onboard control systems of objects. Techniques for improving the accuracy of determining the coordinates and parameters of the movement of objects have been developed and studied.
Development and research of the rangefinder of the information and measurement system of air traffic control based on data from on-board sensors of the aircraft
Authors: Pudovkin A P , Panasyuk Yu N , Belyaev M P , Danilov S N , Moskvitin S P , Varepo L G , Nagornova I V
Published: May 2021

The question of improving the standard deviation of the phase coordinate error, stability, and noise immunity of the rangefinder for information and measurement system of the automated air traffic control of aircraft is considered. Rangefinder state and observation models which consider kinematic and dynamic characteristics of air crafts have been proposed. A rangefinder algorithm has been developed and investigated through simulation modelling on a computer with research results obtained.
Mathematical processing of the signal in the track circuit for determining the location of the rolling stock
Authors: Seroshtanov S S , Sokolov M M , Khodkevich A G
Published: May 2021

The article considers the issues of determining the location of rolling stock on the section of the railway track. Application of mathematical apparatus of conformal mappings is proposed and justified. Principle of conformal transformations of track circuit signal into the coordinate of place of superposition of the shunt is disclosed. Visualization of conformal transformations is presented using the example of a 420 Hz track circuit. The rules for determining the coordinate of the place of superposition of the shunt is well-phrased. Factors affecting the accuracy of determining the location of rolling stock on the section of the railway track have been determined.
On first order definability of equationally noetherian graphs
Authors: Buchinskiy Ivan M. , Treier Alexander V.
Published: May 2021

In this paper we show that there exist two simple graphs such that they are elementary equivalent but one of them is equationally noetherian and the other one is not. Therefore the equational noethericity property of simple graphs is not first order definable.
The determination of distances between images of objects based on persistent spectra of eigenvalues of Laplace matrices
Authors: Chukanov S N
Published: May 2021

The work uses the method of filtering simplicial complexes, similar to the method used in the formation of persistent homology. The filtering process creates a number of nested simplicial complexes encoded with topological information. In papers [1-6] algorithms for the formation of persistent barcodes are used to compare images of objects. The use of persistent homology in relation to the methods of traditional algebraic topology provides additional information about the image of an object. To increase the diversity of information and the number of machine learning features, this work proposes algorithms for the formation of persistent spectra of eigenvalues of Laplace matrices for comparing images of objects. When comparing the shapes of objects, it is proposed to construct a modified Wasserstein distance based on the determination of the spectra of the eigenvalues of the Laplace matrix of the compared shapes.