bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
LA NECESARIA PROTECCIÓN DE LOS DERECHOS FUNDAMENTALES COMO PUNTO DE PARTIDA EN LAS PROPUESTAS DE REGULACIÓN DE LA INTELIGENCIA ARTIFICIAL
Authors: Álvarez González Susana
Published: June 2023

La Inteligencia Artificial (IA) es un concepto complejo que abarca diferentes tipos de soluciones, siendo el aprendizaje automático uno de los más destacados. Aunque la definición de IA como la creación de máquinas inteligentes está arraigada, actualmente se debate la dificultad de determinar qué constituye un comportamiento inteligente. La Comisión Europea define la IA como la combinación de tecnologías que utiliza datos, algoritmos y capacidad informática para manifestar comportamiento inteligente. Existen diferentes categorías de IA, como la fuerte, general y débil, con aplicaciones diversas. El desarrollo de la IA está transformando la investigación tecnológica y plantea interrogantes sobre los derechos individuales. Aunque estos avances técnicos ofrecen beneficios, también pueden representar amenazas para las personas y sus derechos, lo que podría requerir nuevas protecciones y derechos. Existe una correlación entre los avances técnicos y los cambios jurídicos cuando tienen un amplio impacto social.
ASPECTOS CONVERGENTES ENTRE A DOUTRINA SOCIAL DA IGREJA CATÓLICA E AS RESPOSTAS ÀS QUESTÕES MIGRATÓRIAS NA ATUALIDADE
Authors: Silva Fabio Fabrício Pereira da , Gorczevski Clovis
Published: June 2023

O atual cenário migratório traz em seu bojo inúmeras questões que reclamam atenção e atuação específicas. São legiões de refugiados ambientais, refugiados socioeconômicos, refugiados/asilados políticos, migrantes indígenas ou pessoas perseguidas por questões de gênero, intolerância religiosa, ou ainda pela maior de todas as misérias: a fome. São inúmeros os rostos de populações tão diversas entre si, que enfrentam o mesmo infortúnio da serem forçados a deixar terra, teto, trabalho, cultura e história. O presente estudo visa lançar um olhar sobre o trabalho desenvolvido por organizações da sociedade civil, com mais especificidade aquelas pautadas pela Doutrina Social da Igreja Católica, como a Cáritas, Pastoral do Migrante, Serviço Franciscano de Solidariedade, Serviço Jesuíta para Migrantes e Refugiados e outros. A análise se propõe a considerar a importância da sociedade civil organizada em complementariedade à responsabilidade estatal advinda da Constituição no que tange à proteção social de direitos fundamentais e o próprio controle social na formulação, aprimoramento e fiscalização das políticas públicas.
Current state and productivity of Scots pine modal stands of the Forest Steppe of Ukraine
Authors: Terentiev Andrii , Bala Oleksandr , Lakyda Petro , Bondar Hennadii
Published: June 2023

The development of regulatory and reference support for the inventory assessment of the state of modal stands is an urgent issue, since it allows obtaining reliable and up-to-date information on the current state of existing forests. The purpose of the study was a statistical substantiation of the division of pine stands into groups by region of growth and stand composition, and their detailed inventory characteristics with an analysis of the distribution in the Forest-Steppe and their productivity. To conduct the study, a stand-wise database of the Production Association “Ukrderzhlisproekt” for Forest-Steppe zone of Ukraine was used. Using a number of non-parametric criteria for evaluating samples (Kruskal-Wallis one-way analysis of variance, the median criterion, Jonckheere-Terpstra test), the study established a difference in the stands parameters of the samples under study and divided the stands of the Forest-Steppe zone into four groups. The main task was to describe the current state of modal pine stands of the Forest-Steppe zone of Ukraine for selected groups, with a detailed distribution of areas and stocks according to the main stand parameters According to the results of the database analysis, it was found that about 92% of the total area of pine stands of the Forest-Steppe zone are artificial forests. Depending on the region of growth, the stands were divided into the left- and right-bank parts of the Forest-Steppe, in composition – into pure and mixed stands. Within the groups under study, the distribution of areas and stocks of pine stands was analysed according to site index classes, types of forest-growing conditions, forest types, relative stand density, and age groups. Site index classes in all groups are dominated by high site index stands of I and Ia site index classes. The proportion of high-grade mixed stands is greater compared to pure stands. In terms of the forest-growing conditions, stands in condition B2 dominate in all groups under study. From the left bank to the right bank, there is an increase in soil fertility from condition B to condition C, and this dependence is also observed from pure to mixed stands. Productivity in terms of the average growing stock of mixed stands of the rightbank and left-bank parts of the Forest-Steppe is very close and considerably less than the stocks of pure stands. The presented research results can be used by scientists as a description of the modal inventory characteristics of the Forest-Steppe region and for the grouping of experimental data when compiling forestry and forest inventory standards
Hedges in public places of Kyiv city and ways to improve them
Authors: Lukash Оleksii , Novyk Vitalina , Kushnir Аnatoliy
Published: June 2023

Green spaces in the urban environment of large places perform environmental, urban planning, social and economic functions. Hedges in the system of landscaping of the metropolis are an integral part and primarily perform environmental functions. The paper describes and analyzes hedges located in public places of Kyiv city. To achieve this goal, general scientific methods (observation, measurement) were used in theoretical, empirical and experimental research. In total, 65688.7 meters of span hedges of the city were studied, consisting of 306 thousand units of plants and represented by 31 taxa on 217 public facilities that are on the maintenance of ten district communal enterprises for the maintenance of green spaces that are part of the Kyivzelenbud municipal association. The species composition, height, planting pattern and quality condition of hedges were analyzed. According to the results, it was found that the largest number of hedges was created in Solomianskyi and Darnytskyi districts of the city with 17% and 16% of the total number respectively. The most common species in the composition of hedges is privet (Ligustrum vulgare L.). Hedges are created mainly by single-row and double-row planting schemes in approximately equal proportions. By the group of heights, low hedges in height prevail, their number is 53.9%, medium-height hedges represent 33% of the total number. The qualitative condition is mostly good and satisfactory, which indicates compliance with agricultural technology and timely care. The results of these studies will allow balance sheet holders of facilities with hedges to better organize agrotechnical work on their arrangement and maintenance in proper decorative condition
Implementasi Pemenuhan Hak Asasi Manusia Dalam Penerapan Deportasi Orang Asing di Wilayah Kerja Kantor Imigrasi Kelas III Non TPI Pamekasan
Authors: Indar Rohma Nurbaya  , M. Syaprin Zahidi
Published: June 2023

Artikel ini dibuat untuk mengetahui tentang pelaksanaan Tindakan Administratif Keimigrasian oleh Kantor Imigrasi Kelas III Pamekasan berupa deportasi sesuai dengan peraturan hukum dan prinsip HAM. Deportasi adalah suatu tindakan memaksa Orang Asing untuk meninggalkan wilayah Indonesia. Walaupun dengan tindakan paksaan, namun prosedur deportasi harus disesuaikan dengan peraturan dan tidak boleh melanggar Hak Asasi Manusia. Penulis menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dalam penelitian ini. Hasil akhir dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pada pelaksanaan Tindakan Administratif Keimigrasian (TAK) telah dilakukan dengan tidak menciderai nilai-nilai kemanusiaan dan tetap mengutamakan aturan, didasarkan pada Undang-Undang No. 6 Tahun 2011 Tentang Keimigrasian dan Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia No. 39 tentang Hak Asasi Manusia.
Kepastian Hukum Atas Fatwa DSN-MUI Pada Bidang Perbankan Syariah Pasca Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 65/PUU-XIX/2021
Authors: Tarina Arum , Luthfi Radian Muhammad , Andriani Meri
Published: June 2023

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi adanya putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 65/PUU-XIX/2021 yang menguji Undang-Undang Perbankan Syariah terkait dengan Fatwa Dewan Syariah Nasional Majelis Ulama Indonesia (DSN-MUI) dan regulasi perbankan syariah yang ada di Indonesia. Dari putusan tersebut penulis menganalisisnya dengan penerapan cita hukum Gustav Radbruch yaitu kepastian hukum. Penelitian ini akan menggunakan pendekatan yuridis normatif. Bahwa Fatwa DSN-MUI bukanlah hukum positif namun lebih menjadi doktrin yang disebut dengan sumber hukum dalam pengertian materiil. Mengingat prinsip dan posisi perbankan syariah yang memiliki kekhususan dibandingkan dengan perbankan konvensional, yaitu menerapkan prinsip syariah di mana DSN-MUI terlibat di dalamnya. Guna menjamin kepastian hukum bagi stakeholders maka pelibatan DSN-MUI sama sekali tidak mengandung persoalan hukum sepanjang hanya sebatas mengeluarkan fatwa terkait prinsip syariah yang menjadi kewenangannya. Dalam hal ini, negara mengambil peran mengadopsi prinsip syariah yang telah ditetapkan oleh DSN-MUI menjadi hukum positif yang diberlakukan dalam penyelenggaraan urusan negara di bidang pengelolaan perbankan syariah. Bahwa hal ini sejalan dengan pendapat Radburch dimana normativitas dengan adanya kepastian hukum maka hal faktual yang berkembang dalam dunia perbankan dapat dikaji dan diawasi terlebih dahulu oleh DSN-MUI sebelum akhirnya masuk ke tahap yuridis dengan mentaqninkan (menjadikan hukum positif) Fatwa DSN-MUI yang dituangkan dalam bentuk PBI dan/atau POJK.
Penyanderaan (Gijzeling) Sebagai Upaya Penagihan Pajak Dengan Surat Paksa Menurut Peraturan Perundang-Undangan
Authors: Budi Budaya  , Hotma P. Sibuea  , Noviriska
Published: June 2023

Penelitian ini membahas mengenai pelimpahan kewenangan pemberian ijin penyanderaan (gijzeling) dati Menteri Keuangan Republik Indonesia kepada Direktur Jenderal Pajak dilihat dari Undang-Undang Nomor 30 Tahun 2014 tentang Administrasi Negara. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengatahui apakah pemberian ijin penyanderaan (gijzeling) ini dapat dilimpahkan dari Menteri Keuangan kepada Direktur Jenderal Pajak. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah dengan metode yuridis-normatif, yaitu penelitian yang menekankan pada ilmu hukum dan melakukan inventarisasi hukum positif yang berkaitan dengan pelaksanaan peraturan perundang-undangan. Dari penelitian ini didapatkan hasil bahwa pemberian izin Surat Perintah Penyanderaan dari Menteri Keuangan Republik Indonesia dapat dilimpahkan kepada Direktur Jenderal Pajak. Metode pelimpahan wewenang dengan pendelegasian wewenang.
Analisis Penegakan Hukum Terhadap Aksi Pelecehan Seksual Non Fisik di Indonesia
Authors: Ani Purwati  , Rahmiati  , Rahmad Sujud Hidayat  , Martinus Tanga Lero
Published: June 2023

Pelecehan seksual dijelaskan sebagai  perbuatan yang menjurus ke arah seksual yang tidak dimaui, permintaan berbuat seksual, ucapan atau gerakan yang mengarah ke seksual, atau hal seksual lainnya, yang menjadikan orang  timbul perasaan tersinggung, merasa direndahkan dan dibuat malu, dimana reaksi seperti itu wajar dalam keadaan demikian., dan perbuatan itu membuat kerja jadi terganggu tidak beretika. Pelecehan seksual ada yang fisik dan non-fisik jenisnya. Pengaturan hukum di Indonesia saat ini hanya ada aturan tentang pelecehan seksual yang sifatnya fisik, sedangkan pelecehan seksual non-fisik belum ada aturan yang mengaturnya. Sebenarnya payung hukum untuk pelecehan intim/seksual non-raga/fisik sudah terakomodir dalam RUU PKS, namun sampai saat ini, RUU tersebut belum disahkan, sehingga belum dapat diberlakukan. Tujuan penulisan ini untuk melihat bagaimana penegakan hukum terhadap aksi pelecehan seksual non fisik di Indonesia. Metode penulisan yuridis normative dengan pendekatan konseptual. Dari penelitian ini ditemukan bahwa Indonesia perlu untuk mengkriminalisasi pelecehan seksual/intim baik orientasi fisik/raga serta non-fisik/non-raga supaya ada payung hukum yang mengatur dengan jelas tentang aksi tersebut. Hal tersebut sebenarnya sudah ada aturannya di dalam RUU PKS (Penghapusan Kekerasan Seksual). Namun hanya saja, sampai saat ini RUU tersebut belum disahkan, sehingga belum bisa diterapkan dalam praktik hukum negara kita.
Jual Beli Jabatan Sebagai Area Rawan Korupsi Menggangu Reformasi Birokrasi
Authors: Syauket Amalia , Kardinah Indrianna Meutia
Published: June 2023

Bahasa peyoratif bahwa semua urusan musti uang tunai, walaupun menyakitkan tetapi sangat tepat untuk menggambarkan kondisi pelayanan public di era otonomi daerah yang masih belum optimal termasuk dalam pengadaan Aparatur Sipil Negara. Fenomena masih maraknya jual beli jabatan dan dagang pengaruh sangat berbeda dengan tuntutan dan dinamika masyarakat yang mengarah ke digitalisasi administrasi pelayanan dan transparansi. Kesenjangan tersebut yang menumbuhkan peluang pelayanan public berbayar termasuk dalam pengangkatan pejabat tinggi di Pemerintahan. Birokrasi harus dibayar agar berjalan dan bergerak sesuai dengan keinginan masyarakat . Kondisi serba berbayar sangat mengganggu jalannya reformasi birokrasi yang dicanangkan sejak tahun 2004 dengan pilar utamanya good & clean governance.  Area jual beli jabatan merupakan Area Rawan Korupsi Kepala Daerah. Penelitian ini bertujuan mencari tahu, apa yang menyebabkan masih maraknya praktek jual beli jabatan ? Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa penyebab utama maraknya jual beli jabatan karena proses seleksi pegawai dilakukan secara tertutup (non-meritokrasi) dan adanya intervensi politik di dalam manajemen Aparatur Sipil Negara misalnya dalam pengisian jabatan cenderung melihat keaktifan pegawai dalam keterlibatan dalam Pilkada, hubungan-hubungan pertemanan, kekeluargaan, dan hubungan politik .
TUJUAN TINDAK TUTUR DIREKTIF, KOMISIF DAN EKSPRESIF DALAM PIDATO XI JINPING UNTUK PBB PADA 1 OKTOBER 2020
Authors: Nadia Miranti Yang , Vincensius David , Ayu Wulan Diah
Published: June 2023

Pidato merupakan sarana untuk menyampaikan gagasan di muka umum. Banyak institusi yang telah menggunakan sarana ini, seperti sekolah, perusahaan dan juga negara. Presiden Xi Jinping sebagai presiden Tiongkok, juga menggunakan pidato sebagai alat untuk menyampaikan gagasan kepada publik, baik secara nasional di Tiongkok maupun internasional. Salah satu pidato internasional Presiden Xi Jinping adalah pidato yang ditujukan pidato kepada Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa (PBB) pada 1 Oktober 2020. Penelitian ini membahas makna dan tujuan pidato tersebut melalui paradigma teori tindak tutur, untuk dapat diketahui tujuan tindak tutur direktif, komisif dan ekspresif yang tersimpan dalam setiap tuturan kalimat yang diujarkan, sehingga meminimalisir kesalahpahaman dalam sebuah pembicaraan. Berdasarkan penelitian ini, ditemukan bahwa dalam pidato Xi Jinping untuk PBB pada 1 Oktober 2020 terdapat 22 tindak tutur direktif  yang terbagi menjadi tujuan tuturan untuk menasehati 3 tuturan, permintaan 9 tuturan, dan  memerintah 10 tuturan; terdapat 3 tindak tutur komisif yang terbagi menjadi tujuan tuturan untuk berjanji 2 tuturan dan menawarkan sesuatu 1 tuturan; serta terdapat 9 tindak tutur ekspresif yang terbagi menjadi tujuan tuturan untuk salam 3 tuturan, harapan 1 tuturan, memuji 2 tuturan, berbelasungkawa 1 tuturan, mengeluh 1 tuturan dan berterima kasih 1 tuturan.
PENERAPAN PENDEKATAN KOMUNIKATIF UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PRODUKTIVITAS MENULIS PADA MAHASISWA UMN AL -WASHLIYAH
Authors: Juwita Putri , Desniarti Desniarti , Nirmawan Nirmawan
Published: June 2023

Pendekatan komunikatifmerupakanpendekatan yang berlandaskan pada pemikiranbahwakemampuanmenggunakanbahasadalamberkomunikasimerupakantujuan yang harusdicapaidalampembelajaranbahasa. Jadi pembelajaran yang komunikatifadalahpembelajaranbahasa yang memungkinkanpesertadidikmemilikikesempatan yang memadaiuntukmengembangkankebahasaan dan menunjukkandalamkegiatanberbahasabaikkegiatanproduktifmaupunreseptifsesuaidengansituasinyata, bukansituasibuatan yang terlepasdarikonteksTujuan dalampenelitianiniadalahpenerapan  strategi pembelajaran yang menarikdapatmeningkatkan dan mengembangkansituasi dan kondisipembelajarankhususnyadalammateri Bahasa Indonesia sehinggameningkatnyaproduktivitasmahasiswadalammenulis.Metode penelitanmerupakanpenelitiantindakankelas (PTK), makaprosedurpenelitianinisesuaidenganprosedurpenelitiantindakankelas yang dilakukandalam proses berdaur/ siklus. Setiapsiklusterdiridariperencanaan, tindakan, observasi, dan refleksi. Hasil daripenelitianiniadalahSetelahdilakukantesawalterhadapmahasiswa semester 2V PGSD UMNAW, ternyatadiperolehhasil 3300 bahwakemampuanmahasiswadalammenulismenunjukkanhanya3 mahasiswa  yangmampu (berhasil) A.dan 5 mahasiswadengannilaiB. Hal inimenunjukkanbahwatarafkemampuanmahasiswadalammenulisadalah 82,5 masihtergolongBaik. Dengandemikiandapatdisimpulkanbahwapenelitianiniadalah pada tesawalmahasiswamemiliki  total  jumlah 2675 dengannilai rata – rata 66 permahasiswainitermasukdalamkategoricukup, sedangakan pada siklus 1 mendapatkan  total penilaian  3162 dengan rata – rata  nilai 81 permahasiswa di kategori Baik sedangkansiklus II adapeningkatan yang di lihatdimana total jumlah 3300 dengan rata – rata 82,5maka dapat di simpulkanbahwasudah di kategori   Baik.
Drug-Induced Erythema and Purpura
Authors: Kaliuzhna L. D. , Petrenko A. V. , Matveiva L. V.
Published: June 2023

Abstract. Fixed drug eruptions are characterized by solitary or occasionally multiple well-demarcated erythematous or dusky red macules that may evolve into edematous plaques or bullae. Lesions resolve with postinflammatory pigmentation. Common inciting agents in fixed drug eruptions includes barbiturates, antibiotics, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID). Most of the drugs that cause purpura are those that cause thrombocytopenia, including myelosuppressive drugs, methotrexate which are often used by dermatologists. Also included are sulfonamides, aspirin, sedatives, antibiotics. Anticoagulants can cause hemorrhagic infarction in any part of skin.
White epidermoid cyst transformation after stereotactic radiosurgery: illustrative case
Authors: Matsumoto Hideki , Shinya Yuki , Miyawaki Satoru , Shin Masahiro , Koizumi Satoshi , Sato Daisuke , Hinata Munetoshi , Ikemura Masako , Kiyofuji Satoshi , Kin Taich , Iwanaga Mototaro , Shimizu Masahiro , Nakatomi Hirofumi , Saito Nobuhito
Published: June 2023

BACKGROUND

White epidermoid cysts (WECs) are a rare type of epidermoid cyst with atypical radiological features. The epidemiological aspects and mechanisms of their onset remain unknown. Herein, the authors report a unique case of WEC transformation from a typical epidermoid cyst after stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS), confirmed by radiological and pathological findings.

OBSERVATIONS

The case involved a 78-year-old man with a history of 2 surgeries for a left cerebellopontine angle typical epidermoid cyst 23 years earlier and SRS using the CyberKnife for recurrent trigeminal neuralgia (TN) 14 years earlier. The tumor with high intensity on T1-weighted imaging, low intensity on T2-weighted imaging, without restriction on diffusion-weighted imaging had gradually enlarged after SRS. Therefore, a salvage surgery was performed via a left suboccipital craniotomy, and the intraoperative findings showed a cyst with a brown, viscous liquid component, consistent with those of WECs. Histopathologically, keratin calcification and hemorrhage were identified, leading to a diagnosis of WEC. The postoperative course was uneventful, and the TN resolved. No tumor recurrence was recorded at 2 years postoperatively.

LESSONS

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first world case of WEC transformation from a typical epidermoid cyst after SRS, confirmed by radiological and pathological findings. Radiation effects could have been involved in this transformation.
Enhancing Human-Robot Interaction through Multimodal Affective Computing
Authors: Nkrumah Richard Okyere , Gyabeng Bernard Amponfi
Published: June 2023

This paper focuses on the significance of multimodal affective computing techniques in improving human-robot interaction. The remote measurement of vital signals, such as heart rate, through deep learning has paved the way for more accessible and natural interaction with robots. However, to enable successful interactions with users who may be unfamiliar with robots, robust and interactive user interfaces are crucial. This study emphasizes the importance of combining different modalities in human-computer interaction to create a comprehensive and immersive interaction experience. The research findings are presented within the context of an interactive clean-up task, wherein the robot receives directives from a person to clean specific locations and collect trash. Given the increasing significance of service robotics and its potential societal impact, the development of intuitive and user-friendly interfaces for human-robot interaction is crucial.
Online Counseling as a Service in College: A Generation Z Perspective
Authors: Dina Hajja Ristianti
Published: June 2023

Online counseling is a service provided to students for the academic success of students in college. This research is a type of survey research where the research object is the young generation aged 15-25 years. The number of research subjects was 561 people consisting of students and university students. The data collection technique uses questionnaires to obtain data on the needs of Generation Z for online counseling. Scores are graded in percentages and grouped by “important” categories. The results showed that Generation Z’s need for online counseling was “urgently needed”. The findings of this study show that 93.7% of Generation Z (538 respondents) want online counseling as a support system for their learning success in college as much. They are comfortable doing online counseling through WhatUp social media as many as 69.9% (401 respondents) and Video Call media as much as 18.5% (106 respondents). The problem they wanted to address when doing online counseling was the most learning problems with 33.6% (193 respondents). Generation Z feels offline counseling is more convenient 65.9% (378 respondents) compared to online counseling 34.1% (196 respondents). Thus, universities can consider the needs of Generation Z for online counseling services.
PELATIHAN PENGELASAN SMAW UNTUK SISWA JURUSAN TKRO SMK MANDIRI CIREBON
Authors: Gunawan Leo Van , Ghozali Muhammad , Amat M , S Sukroni , S Nota
Published: June 2023

Alumni program studi TKRO SMK Mandiri Cirebon paling banyak bekerja di industri. Namun dari beberapa alumni yang bekerja di industri, ada beberapa siswa yang bekerja tidak sesuai dengan bidangnya. Mereka ditempatkan pada bidang manufaktur dan pengelasan. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini memberikan pelatihan SMAW untuk siswa program studi TKRO di SMK Mandiri Cirebon sebagai bekal bekerja atau berwirausaha. SMAW merupakan pengelasan yang paling umum digunakan di Indonesia. Pelatihan ini dilaksanakan menggunakan metode pre-experimental tipe one group pretest-posttest design. Kegiatan pelatihan diawali dengan memberikan pretest, pembelajaran teori, praktik serta ditutup dengan posttest. Analisis nilai pretest dan posttest dilakukan menggunakan rumus uji Gain. Hasil analisis nilai di dapatkan rata-rata N-Gain sebesar 0.414226. Berdasarkan kriteria N-Gain nilai rata-rata 0.414226 termasuk kedalam kategori sedang. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa efektitas kegiatan pelatihan ini memiliki dampak yang sedang terhadap peningkatan pengetahuan dan keterampilan siswa dalam bidang pengelasan SMAW.
PENYULUHAN KESEHATAN DENGAN PENDEKATAN ASSET BASED COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT (ABCD) SEBAGAI UPAYA PENGENDALIAN STUNTING
Authors: Risnah Risnah , Irwan Muhammad , Arafah Salmah , Isriani Nur , Syikir M
Published: June 2023

Stunting merupakan sebuah kondisi kegagalan pertumbuhan diakibatkan oleh kurang gizi secara kronis serta malnutrisi mulai dari masa hamil hingga usia kehamilan 24 bulan. Berakibat pada berbagai hal yang dapat menyebabkan gangguan kesehatan anak pada jangka pendek dan jangka panjang.  Sulawesi barat menduduki peringkat kedua prevalensi stunting di Indonesia setelah Nusa tenggara timur. Sulawesi Barat menunjukkan bahwa Stunting menjadi salah satu masalah kesehatan yang dalam skala nasional merupakan akibat faktor multidimensi. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan masyarakat tentang stunting. Mempergunakan pendekatan Asset Based Community Development (ABCD) menunjukkan hasil bahwa penyuluhan kesehatan memberikan pengaruh terhadap perubahan pada pengetahuan terkait stunting. Implikasinya berupa pengetahuan yang baik akan menjadi bekal dalam upaya pencegahan dan penanganan stunting di masyarakat. Kesimpulan kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat bahwa penyuluhan kesehatan menggunakan pendekatan ABCD dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan masyarakat tentang stunting.
SOSIALISASI PENERAPAN SANITASI TOTAL BERBASIS MASYARAKAT (STBM) UNTUK PILAR CUCI TANGAN PAKAI SABUN MELALUI PEMBUATAN FASILITAS CUCI TANGAN DI DESA BOLA
Authors: Rika Elisabeth Dua , Aprianti Anyela
Published: June 2023

Sanitasi Total Berbasis Masyarakat (STBM) yaitu meliputi 5 pilar yaitu: stop buang air besar sembarangan, cuci tangan pakai sabun, pengelolaan air minum dan makanan rumah tangga, pengamanan sampah rumah tangga, dan pengamanan limbah cair rumah tangga. Salah satu pilar yang belum banyak diteliti adalah kebiasaan cuci tangan pakai sabun  dan air mengalir di masyarakat Desa Bola. Perilaku cuci tangan pakai sabun merupakan perilaku untuk mencegah penyakit yang masuk kedalam tubuh kita. Dalam metode Kuliah Kerja Nyata Tematik (KKNT) ini, kami telah melakukan musyawarah dengan masyarakat Dusun Bola untuk melakukan pelaksanaan kegiatan tersebut. kegiatan yang kami lakukan berbasis luring yaitu dengan membuat leafleat, menyediakan fasilitas cuci tangan dan mesosialisasikan cara mencuci tangan dengan baik dan benar. Perilaku mencuci tangan dengan baik dan benar dapat menghindari berbagai penyakit.
Identification of potent antioxidant bioactive peptides from the soluble proteins of chicken egg yolk
Authors: Ibrahim Hisham Radwan , Hitotsumatsu Ai , Miyata Takeshi
Published: June 2023

Background: Eggs are an excellent  nutrient-dense food containing proteins, fats, carbohydrates, minerals, and vitamins. While many proteins are present in egg yolk, there arefew studies on their health benefits. Objective: The aim of this study was to explore the antioxidant peptides derived from the soluble protein fractions of egg yolk. Lipids and lipoproteins were removed with activated carbon and centrifugation after water dilution at acidic pH. Materials and Methods: Compared with 3.6 grams of protein in egg white, egg yolk contains 2.7 grams of protein in  a single large egg. The egg yolk soluble protein (EYsP) was digested with pepsin for 2h at pH 3.0 (P-EYsP), followed by digestion with trypsin (P-EYsP-T), α-chymotrypsin (P-EYsP-α), or both enzymes (P-EYsP-T/α). The most active digest was fractionated using sephacryl S-100 gel filtration, followed by reversed phase-HPLC of the most active fraction. The antioxidant activities were evaluated using a superoxide anion-generating system of xanthine oxidase, DPPH-scavenging assay, and yeast cells as an oxidative-stress tolerance cellular model. Results: The intact proteins (EYsP) showed antioxidant activity, but pepsin hydrolysate (P-EYsP) exhibited greater superoxide-scavenging activities than EYsP, while P-EYsP-T, P-EYsP-α and P-EYsP-T/α lacked activities. The P-EYsP and its subsequent proteases (P-EYsP-T, P-EYsP-α and P-EYsP-T/α) exhibited significant DPPH reduction, but P-EYsP-T, P-EYsP-α and P-EYsP-T/α exhibited the strongest DPPH reduction activities. MALDI-TOF-MS analysis revealed five major antioxidant peptides, two derived from yolk glycoprotein 40 (859 Da, 883Da), two from lipovitelline (901Da, 945 Da), and one from livetin (1089 Da). The peptides exhibited potent superoxide anion as well as DPPH scavenging activities and markedly enhanced the tolerance of yeast cells against peroxide-induced oxidative stress.Conclusion: The results show that these bioactive peptides hold a fascinating opportunity for their potential as nutraceuticals in prevention and combating oxidative stress-associated diseases.Keywords: Egg yolk proteins; bioactive peptides; antioxidant; superoxide-scavenging; DPPH-reduction; yeast tolerance
Hemodynamics and cutaneous microcirculation during induction of general anesthesia with and without esketamine
Authors: Veith Sarah Berger , Nickl Rosa , Rössel Thomas , Lachmann Björn , Koch Thea , Richter Torsten
Published: June 2023

OBJECTIVE:

Currently, there are limited data on the effect of macrocirculatory hemodynamic changes on human microcirculation, especially during the induction of general anesthesia (GA).

METHODS:

We performed a non-randomized observational trial on patients receiving GA for elective surgery. In the control group (CG), for GA induction sufentanil, propofol, and rocuronium was administered. Patients assigned to the esketamine group (EG) received additional esketamine for GA induction. Invasive blood pressure (IBP) and pulse contour cardiac output (CO) measurement were performed continuously. Microcirculation was assessed using cutaneous Laser Doppler Flowmetry (forehead and sternum LDF), peripheral and central Capillary Refill Time (pCRT, cCRT), as well as brachial temperature gradient (Tskin-diff) at baseline, 5, 10 and 15 minutes after induction of GA.

RESULTS:

42 patients were included in the analysis (CG n = 22, EG n = 20). pCRT, cCRT, Tskin-diff, forehead and sternum LDF decreased following GA induction in both groups. IBP and CO were significantly more stable in esketamine group. However, the changes in the microcirculatory parameters were not significantly different between the groups.

CONCLUSIONS:

The addition of esketamine for GA induction warranted better hemodynamic stability for the first five minutes, but had no significant effect on any of the cutaneous microcirculatory parameters measured.
Washout appearance of hepatocellular carcinomas using standardized contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) including an extended late phase observation – Real-world data from the prospective multicentre DEGUM study
Authors: Meitner-Schellhaas Barbara , Jesper Daniel , Goertz Rüdiger Stephan , Zundler Sebastian , Strobel Deike
Published: June 2023

BACKGROUND:

Non-invasive diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) is based on the combination of arterial phase hyperenhancement (APHE) and subsequent late (>60 seconds) and mild contrast washout (WO). Whereas APHE is seen in the majority of HCC, wash-out pattern may vary in onset and intensity. In some HCC lesions, even no washout is seen at all.

OBJECTIVE:

Our prospective multicentre DEGUM HCC CEUS study aimed at identifying typical and atypical washout appearance of HCC in a real-life setting.

METHODS:

High-risked patients for HCC with focal liver lesions upon B-mode ultrasound were recruited prospectively. In a multicentre real-life setting, a standardised CEUS examination including an extended late phase up to 6 minutes was performed. CEUS patterns of HCC were recorded, and onset and intensity of washout appearance were assessed with respect to patient and tumour characteristics. Histological findings served as reference standard.

RESULTS:

In 230/316 HCC (72.8%), a CEUS pattern of APHE followed by WO was observed. In 158 cases (68.7%), WO was typical (onset > 60 seconds, mild intensity). 72 cases (31.3%) showed marked and / or early WO, whereas in 41 HCCs (13%), APHE was followed by sustained isoenhancement. Atypical WO upon CEUS was associated with macroinvasion of the liver vessels, portal vein thrombosis and diffuse growth pattern, but not tumour size and histological grading.

CONCLUSIONS:

In a prospective multicentre real-life setting, APHE is followed by atypical washout appearance or no washout at all in almost half of the HCCs with APHE. The examiner has to bear in mind that in spite of a characteristic APHE in HCCs, washout appearance can be atypical in CEUS, especially in HCCs with macrovascular invasion or diffuse growth pattern.
Long period changes of hippocampal cerebral blood flow and its correlation with anxiety-like behavior and inflammation after incomplete cerebral ischemia reperfusion in rats
Authors: Fu Lan , Guan Lin-Na
Published: June 2023

OBJECTIVE:

This study was designed to summarize the changes of cerebral blood flow (CBF) in the bilateral hippocampal CA1 region of the hemorrhagic shock reperfusion (HSR) model of rats and their correlation with anxiety-like behavior and inflammation.

METHODS:

Rats were randomly divided into the HSR group and the Sham group. 30 rats in each group were subdivided into 5 time points (1 w, 2 w, 4 w, 8 w, and 12 w) for examination. 3D-arterial spin labeling (3D-ASL) was performed. Long period anxiety-like behaviors were analyzed through the open field test. Histopathology was used to detect astrocytic activation in bilateral hippocampus. The concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines were analyzed by ELISA.

RESULTS:

At 1, 2, 4, and 8 weeks, CBF in bilateral hippocampus CA1 area of the rats in the Sham group was significantly higher than the rats in the HSR group. The rats in the HSR group had significantly shorter total traveled distance, lower velocity, and less rearing counts than those in the Sham group at 1, 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks after the surgery. The CBF at 1, 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks after the surgery had positive correlation with the total traveled distance, velocity, and rearing counts in the open field test. The rats in the HSR group had significantly higher GFAP intensity and the concentrations of IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α than those in the Sham group at 1, 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks after the surgery. The CBF at 1, 2, 4, 8 and 12 weeks after the surgery had significantly negative correlation with the GFAP intensity and the concentrations of IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α.

CONCLUSION:

In conclusion, CBF in bilateral hippocampus CA1 area, spatial exploration ability in rats with HSR were decreased while the astrocyte activation was enhanced. During the long period after the induction of HSR, the value of CBF in bilateral hippocampus CA1 area was proved to have significant correlation with anxiety-like behaviors and astrocyte activation.
Isometric hip abduction and adduction strength ratios: A literature review with quantitative synthesis
Authors: Marušič Jan , Kozinc Žiga , Hadžić Vedran , Šarabon Nejc
Published: June 2023

BACKGROUND:

Measurements of hip abduction (ABD) and adduction (ADD) are important in strength and conditioning as well as in clinical practice. However, there is no clear consensus on how ABD and ADD compare in strength in different populations.

OBJECTIVE:

The aim was to perform a quantitative synthesis of comparisons between the isometric strength of ABD and ADD in different populations.

METHODS:

ABD and ADD strength data were collected and pooled mean values for ABD:ADD strength ratio were calculated and expressed as standardized mean differences. Forty studies of healthy adults, 5 studies of healthy older adults and 14 studies of adults with various musculoskeletal injuries were included in the analysis.

RESULTS:

Healthy (non-athletic) males, healthy older adults, and adults with hip and groin pathologies or osteoarthritis tend to have the same ADD and ABD strength; male athletes tend to have a stronger ADD compared with ABD; healthy females and adults with patellofemoral pain tend to have a stronger ABD compared with ADD.

CONCLUSIONS:

These results can serve as a database to help compare and interpret measurements of ADD and ABD strength ratio in different populations.
Can’t Have One Without the Other: Study Partner Retention in Alzheimer’s Disease Research
Authors: Peavy Guerry M.
Published: June 2023

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) clinical research depends on engaging and enrolling appropriate research participants to address specific scientific questions. Investigators, however, are beginning to recognize the importance of participant study partners who contribute to AD research in multiple ways, including their contributions to the diagnostic process through observations of participant cognition and daily functioning. These contributions justify increased efforts to understand factors that impede or facilitate their willingness to remain in this role in longitudinal studies and clinical trials. Study partners, including those from diverse, underrepresented communities, are stakeholders significantly invested in AD research that benefits all living with the disease.
Influence of growing environment and pruning techniques on storage and quality traits of Vaccinium corymbosum L., cv ‘Duke’
Authors: Varaldo Alice , Chiabrando Valentina , Giacalone Giovanna
Published: June 2023

BACKGROUND:

Due to the increasing market demand for blueberries, the amount of land dedicated to their production is expanding. Therefore, cultivation techniques to ensure high quality and a longer shelf life have become key concerns for the blueberry industry and consumers.

OBJECTIVE:

This study investigated the impact of various growing environments and pruning techniques on the quality and shelf life of highbush blueberry ( Vaccinium corymbosum L. cv. ‘Duke’) during cold storage.

METHODS:

In this study, six commercial orchards were selected based on the type of pruning (light or hard) and the plot’s altitude (lowland, hill, or mountain). After harvest, the blueberries were stored at 1°C and 90% RH for 21 days. Quality analyses were performed on days 0, 10, and 21 of storage. The data were processed with a factor-designed analysis of variance (one-way ANOVA).

RESULTS:

Blueberries from the lowland cultivation area with light pruning had a longer shelf life. At harvest, the lowland area had indeed produced firmer blueberries that were sweeter and less acidic, and cold storage positively preserved these characteristics compared to fruit grown at other altitudes.

CONCLUSIONS:

In summation, the lowland area produced firmer berries that retained their characteristics after 10 days of storage, especially those harvested from hard-pruned plants. Notably, the bioactive compounds were not affected by the pruning method. However, when combined with 10 days of storage, light pruning was associated with better preservation of the total phenol content.
Comparative characterization and expression analysis revealed cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase genes differentially responding to Colletotrichum fructicola in woodland and cultivated strawberries
Authors: Li Zi-Yi , Duan Ke , Zhu Jia-Jun , Bin Ling , Wang Xin-Yi , Chen Si-Yu , Li Xue , Geng Chun-Nu , Gao Qing-Hua
Published: June 2023

BACKGROUND:

Strawberry ( Fragaria× ananassa) production is hampered by anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum spp. Cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (CAD) catalyzes lignin biosynthesis to fortify plant cell wall upon various stresses, but their involvement in strawberry resistance is elusive.

OBJECTIVE:

Current work aims to uncover the involvement of CAD genes in both woodland and cultivated strawberry responses to Colletotrichum spp.

METHODS:

Genome-wide identification of CAD genes was updated in cultivated strawberry. Comparative molecular characterization integrated with pathogenesis phenotyping after C. fructicola inoculation, were followed by RT-qPCR analysis and RNAseq data retrieval.

RESULTS:

Cultivated strawberry comprises 32 CAD genes of three classes. Thirteen syntenic relationships were observed between cultivated and woodland strawberry, with high homology in protein coding regions while promoters being greatly diversified. F. vesca ‘Hawaii4’ was least susceptible, followed by octoploid cultivar ‘ShenQi’, and ‘Benihoppe’ the most susceptible to C. fructicola. The class I CAD4 and CAD5, preferentially expressed in leaves and crowns, respectively, were up-regulated in susceptible varieties at 72 h post inoculation (hpi). Of class II, CAD8 was up-regulated in three genotypes at distinct timepoints, while CAD12 was quickly down-regulated in ‘ShenQi’ upon inoculation. CAD1 and CAD2 of class III were down-regulated in ‘ShenQi’ and ‘Hawaii4’ at distinct stages. The strong involvement of CAD genes in strawberry response to Colletotrichum spp. sets a basis for future functional study.

CONCLUSION:

F. vesca is less susceptible to Colletotrichum spp. than cultivated strawberries but the expression of CAD family in F. vesca and F.× ananassa were differentially provoked in timing and magnitude hinting no correlation with strawberry resistance to this pathogen.
Simulation and analysis of wind and thermal environments in an office with window shutters
Authors: Ding Na , Chen Song
Published: June 2023

By designing an office with window shutters and setting different window sizes, the indoor wind and thermal environments were investigated at different heights. Opening windows improved the thermal conditions in the office, especially in high temperature rooms. Despite generation of high ventilation rates at many locations, the ventilation rates were good within the main areas. It appeared critical to supply air through opening of the windows. A novel simulation method was explored. Meanwhile, an appropriate numerical simulation scheme was chosen to evaluate the effects of various office structures on thermal comfort, which can thus provide an important reference for the office building design.
Physical Exercise as a Potential Treatment for Fatigue in Parkinson’s Disease? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Pharmacological and Non-Pharmacological Interventions
Authors: Folkerts Ann-Kristin , Nielsen Jörn , Gollan Romina , Lansu Annika , Solfronk Dominik , Monsef Ina , Ernst Moritz , Skoetz Nicole , Zeuner Kirsten E. , Kalbe Elke
Published: June 2023

Background:

Fatigue is one of the most common and debilitating non-motor symptoms among patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) and significantly impacts quality of life. Therefore, effective treatment options are needed.

Objective:

To provide an update on randomized controlled trials (RCTs) including pharmacological and non-pharmacological (but non-surgical) treatments that examine the effects of fatigue on PD patients.

Methods:

We searched the MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CENTRAL, and CINAHL databases for (cross-over) RCTs on pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions for treating fatigue in PD patients until May 2021. Meta-analyses for random-effects models were calculated when two or more studies on the same treatment option were available using standardized mean differences (SMDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

Results:

Fourteen pharmacological and 16 non-pharmacological intervention RCTs were identified. For pharmacological approaches, a meta-analysis could only be performed for modafinil compared to placebo ( n = 2) revealing a non-significant effect on fatigue (SMD = – 0.21, 95% CI – 0.74–0.31, p = 0.43). Regarding non-pharmacological approaches, physical exercise ( n = 8) following different training approaches versus passive or placebo control groups showed a small significant effect (SMD = – 0.37, 95% CI – 0.69‐ – 0.05, p = 0.02) which could not be demonstrated for acupuncture vs. sham-acupuncture (SMD = 0.16, 95% CI – 0.19–0.50, p = 0.37).

Conclusion:

Physical exercise may be a promising strategy to treat fatigue in PD patients. Further research is required to examine the efficacy of this treatment strategy and further interventions. Future studies should differentiate treatment effects on physical and mental fatigue as the different underlying mechanisms of these symptoms may lead to different treatment responses. More effort is required to develop, evaluate, and implement holistic fatigue management strategies for PD patients.
Clinical spectrum of manifestations in symptomatic female with Duchenne muscular dystrophy: A concise review
Authors: Keil Emily Stefhani , Schulze Milena Luisa , Kitzberger Israel , Schulze Vítor Henrique , Lara Carolina Helena Haveroth , Tuon Talita , Webber Emanuel Malaguez , Golçalves Marcus Vinicius Magno
Published: June 2023

Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) is a rare genetic disease, characterized by a severe, progressive muscle-weakening. Due to the localisation of the dystrophin gene in the X chromosome, DMD primarily affects males, but similar dystrophinopathies, that mimic DMD, can occur in females. The aim of this article is to present the main findings described in literature about these unusual dystrophinopathies clinical manifestations in females, in order to ease the practical approach to these conditions This article is a non-systematic review, with a view to presenting a critical review –all articles were researched in public databases PubMed, Medline, ScienceDirect, SciELO and Cochrane. Clinical presentation in female carriers shall vary from the traditional form in regards to the degrees and patterns of dysfunction, justified by the presence of a normal allele, as well as distinctive mutational mechanisms. Usually present with asymmetric bilateral leg weakness, myalgia, cramps, fatigue, calf muscles pseudohypertrophy, and dilated cardiomyopathy. Pathogenic variants in the DMD gene must be considered in the differential diagnosis of myopathic-suggestive clinical conditions, even in unusual presentations, such as female patients with muscular weakness or asymptomatic elevation of creatine kinase.
The Demise of Nuclear Emasculation: A Feminist Analysis of Iran’s Nuclear Discourse and Current EU Policy
Authors: Faour Hussein
Published: June 2023

On issues of nuclear power and international security, the role of women is limited by the patriarchal structures of powerful nuclear states and by the patriarchal nature of international foreign policy. Women are marginalized in politics and are underrepresented in positions with decision-making power. Additionally, nuclear discourse is misogynistic, and revolves around a masculine-militarized understandings of nuclear power and policy. Feminist Foreign Policy (FFP) is an important corrective to the masculine nature of nuclear power and policy. FFP has introduced new ways of understanding nuclear power discourse and politics, which can be especially helpful when analyzing nuclear policy at the global level. Using Iran as a case study, this paper assesses current nuclear discourse through FFP. It draws on feminist theory to analyze and understand the gendered and militarized frameworks governing current nuclear policy in Iran. Furthermore, it discusses feminist nuclear activism, denuclearization, and arms control.
IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN KURIKULUM DARURAT MADRASAH
Authors: Supriatna Ucup
Published: June 2023

The Covid-19 pandemic has drastically changed the face-to-face learning pattern to online learning with various existing limitations. To overcome this, the Directorate General of Islamic Education issued an emergency madrasah curriculum policy. This study aims to evaluate the implementation of madrasah emergency curriculum policies in Madrasah Ibtidaiyah, Ketapang Regency. The method used is survey and evaluation using the discrepancy model (gap). The results showed that the emergency madrasah curriculum had been implemented in Madrasah Ibtidaiyah and was close to the standard, but the core learning activities were still far from a standard which had implications for the effectiveness of online learning. To increase the effectiveness of online learning, it can be done, among others, by using hybrid learning media that combines asynchronous and synchronous learning, learning with a blended learning model that combines face-to-face learning and online learning, and the implementation of home visits to help teachers get information about the obstacles experienced by students and parents during distance learning.