bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Role of Speckle Tracking Echocardiography in Assessment of Right Ventricular Function in Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction
Authors: Makled W.A.E.A. , Elmeligy E.K.M. , Abdelmoneum M.S.
Published: August 2023

Background: Patients who exhibit signs and indicators of heart failure (HF) but usual or near to ordinary left ventricular ejection fraction are said to have HFpEF, which is an abbreviation for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Our goal was to assess the role that 2D-STE plays in the identification of RV dysfunction in HFpEF patients. Methods: Benha Teaching and Benha University Hospitals were both involved in the research for this study. It was carried out on a total of 100 individuals, each of whom was randomly assigned to one of two groups: group I involving 50 patients diagnosed with HFpEF. The patients who acted as control group were compared to another set of fifty healthy individuals who were the same age and gender. Result: No substantial changes were reported between both groups concerning Tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE), right ventricular diameter (RVD) (mid, basal, longitudinal) (P = 0.473), and right ventricular fractional area change (RVFAC) (P = 0.12). Conclusion: Patients with HFpEF who have features that are detected by 2D-STE have a much higher risk of experiencing a negative outcome. This is in contrast to the results of traditional 2D echocardiography. These results provide credence to the idea that RV 2D-STE might be used to identify individuals with HFpEF who are at a greater risk for unfavorable cardiac events.
A study of Alfa Feto Protein parameter in Serum and Histological Effects of Pups Liver by SEM in Pregnant Rats Exposed to Overdose of Aminoglycoside antibiotics
Authors: Ali A.R.M. , Abdul-Zahra N.I. , Kadhim D.A.
Published: August 2023

The study has been conducted in Animal House/Faculty of Sciences/University of Kufa between December 2022 and February 2022, fifteen female Albino Rats are used. Gentamicin is aminoglycoside antibiotics widely used during pregnancy for treatment the infections. The present study has been intended to show Alfa Feto Protein parameter in serum and the histological effects of gentamicin on pups liver by SEM in female Albino Rats. The females Rats are randomly divided into three main groups, comprising five rats for each group .The control group is given inta peritoneal injection of physiological normal saline and the second and third group are given inta peritoneal injection of gentamicin doses twenty, forty mg/kg/day respectively for 20 days from the first day to the end of experimental allocated for each female.The rats are sacrificed in 20 th (dpc) to study the Alfa Feto Protein parameter in serum and histological effects of gentamicin on pups liver. The physiological study show negative results in all study groups due to absent of malformations in pups and present histological effects in external architecture structure of pups liver compare with control groups. In conclusion; aminoglycoside gentamicin caused histological effects on pupa liver and not absent of malformations in pups due to negative results of Alfa Feto Protein parameter.
Comparative clinical analysis of the cardiometric method, the thermodilution and the Fick method
Authors: Rudenko M.Y.
Published: August 2023

A brief comparative clinical analysis of the cardiometric method, thermodilution and the Fick method is presented below herein. It is shown that the cardiometric method makes it possible to obtain the values of a complete set of hemodynamic parameters in each cardiac cycle with recording as many cardiac cycles as required, monitor the state of the patient’s cardiovascular system in real time and obtain information about the dynamics of changes in its performance under the influence of external and internal impacts. It allows not only obtaining numerical values of hemodynamic parameters, but also qualitatively assessing the main functions of the cardiovascular system performance.
Evaluate the effectiveness of various diagnostic criteria and treatment outcomes in colposcopy screening for cervical cancer in a tertiary care medical college and hospital
Authors: Parveen Umme , Nur Ayesha Nigar , Chowdhury Shahin R.
Published: August 2023

Background: Cervical cancer is a significant health concern, particularly in developing countries like Bangladesh. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of diagnostic criteria and treatment outcomes in cervical cancer screening using colposcopy.
Methods: A retrospective study was conducted at Holy Family Red Crescent Medical College and Hospital, involving 110 female participants from January 2016 to December 2018. Inclusion criteria included women with symptoms such as vaginal discharge or postcoital bleeding, an unhealthy cervix or cervical erosion, abnormal Pap smear results, or positive VIA tests. Exclusion criteria were applied to ensure the integrity of the study.
Results: The study included participants ranging from 20 to 60 years old. Among the age groups, individuals aged 31-40 were the most represented, accounting for 43% of the total population. The second largest group was those aged 20-30, comprising 29% of the participants. The mean and SD of the population is 27.5±14.36. The most prevalent reasons for referral were an unhealthy cervix (31%), white discharge (26%), and cervical erosion (18%). Other indications included post-coital bleeding (9%), abnormal Pap smear results (11%), positive results for VIA (3%) and HPV DNA (2%). LLETZ was performed in 6% of cases for the treatment of abnormal cervical cells, while EC was conducted in 18% of cases to collect tissue samples from the endocervical canal.
Conclusions: The study highlights the importance of colposcopy in the screening process for cervical cancer, allowing for the detection of abnormalities and subsequent interventions. The findings contribute to the understanding of diagnostic criteria, treatment outcomes, and the need for early detection and prevention of cervical cancer.
Comparative analysis of maternal and neonatal outcomes between elective and emergency caesarean section at a single tertiary hospital: a retrospective COHORT study
Authors: Riyami Nihal M. Al , Shereiqi Shurooq S. Al , Pillai Silja A.
Published: August 2023

Background: Caesarean section rates have been increasing worldwide despite it’s known complications. The aim of this study was to determine maternal and neonatal complications related to caesarean section at Sultan Qaboos University Hospital (SQUH) and to compare the outcomes between emergency and elective caesarean sections.
Methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted in the department of obstetrics and gynecology at SQUH from 1st January 2016 to 31st December 2016. This comparative study involved 300 women who underwent caesarean section, 150 in elective caesarean section group and 150 in emergency caesarean section group.
Results: The mean maternal age was 29.66 (±4.96) and 33.22 (±4.63) years in the elective and emergency caesarean section groups respectively (p=001). The main risk factor for both the groups was maternal diabetes and the most common indication was previous caesarean section. Hypotension related anesthetic complication was noted more in elective caesarean section (15.3%) than in emergency caesarean section group (4.0%) with p value=0.002. Post-partum fever was seen in 12.0% of women in emergency group as compared to 4% in elective group (p=0.019). Anemia was observed in 79.2% and 65.3% in emergency and elective groups respectively (p=0.011). Respiratory distress syndrome and transient tachypnea of the newborn were the main neonatal complications in both groups.
Conclusions: There was no significant difference between emergency and elective caesarean section related maternal and neonatal complications except for transient intraoperative hypotension, maternal postoperative febrile morbidity and anemia. Future prospective studies including larger sample size and multiple centers is recommended.
Secondary prevention of cervical cancer by screen-and-treat approach among HIV negative women in Faith Alive Hospital, Jos Nigeria
Authors: Onyeji John , Osayi Emmanuel , Isichei Mercy W. , Anyaka Charles U. , Isichei Christian O. , Sagay Solomon A. , Christopher Perpetual C.
Published: August 2023

Background: Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer among women in Nigeria and the leading cause of cancer-related death in sub-Saharan Africa.  In low-income settings, visual inspections with acetic acid (VIA) and Lugol’s iodine (VILI); and subsequent treatment of cervical precancerous lesions with thermal ablation remains the practical approach for secondary prevention. Objectives were to determine prevalence of pre-cancerous cervical lesions, prevalence of suspected cervical cancer, and associated risk factors.
Methods: A retrospective study on sexually active HIV negative women aged 16-55 years screened for cervical cancer using VIA/VILI within 16 months period in Faith Alive Hospital Jos.  Data were analyzed using IBM-SPSS 26. Socio-demographic characteristics and screening results were presented in frequency tables; and logistic regression was performed to determine risk factors for cervical pre-cancerous lesions.
Results: 1,073 HIV negative women were screened for cervical cancer using VIA/VILI. 82 (7.6%) tested positive, 30 (2.8%) had suspected cancer with modal age distribution of 36-45 years. Higher positivity yield (58.6%) was found in ages between 36 and ≥55 years while the less positivity yield (41.4%) was found ages ≤35 years. Parity ≥3 had 1.8 fold risk association with precancerous lesion.
Conclusions: Our study revealed high prevalence of cervical pre-cancerous lesions among HIV negative women, modal age distribution for suspected cancer and parity ≥3 being significant risk factor. Thus, “screen-and-treat” approach to cervical cancer prevention by VIA/VILI and thermal ablation in resource constraint settings should be undertaken until widespread HPV testing to triage clients is possible.
Comparative study on maternal morbidity in elective and emergency caeserean section at tertiary hospital
Authors: Meena Pragati , Meena Seema , Sharma Bharti , Chaudhary Richa
Published: August 2023

Background: The incidence of caesarean sections has significantly increased over the previous thirty years and nearly doubled in the current decade, because of more liberalisation of indications of caesarean sections. India’s caesarean section rates have surpassed the WHO cutoff point of 15%, raising serious public health issues. The prevalence of the C-section in India was 8.5% in NFHS-3 while data in NFHS-4 show that it has increased to 17.2%. Thus, almost 9% has increased over 10 years. Objective was to compare the maternal morbidity in elective and emergency caesarean section.
Methods: Institution based comparative study was conducted among 108 females undergoing lower segment caesarean section at JNUIMSRC, Jaipur. After taking written informed consent patients were enrolled for the study. Once the data was collected it was analysed as per appropriate statistical analysis.
Results: Incidence of emergency LSCS was 23.6% and of elective LSCS was 76.4%. the most common maternal indication was previous LSCS (38.1%) and most common fetal indication was fetal distress (13.3%) followed by malpresentation (11.4%). Incidence of intraoperative complications was 29% with most common complications being atonic PPH (12.4%) followed by traumatic PPH (5.9%), bladder and bowel injury (0.7%). Incidence of post operative complications was 51.9% with most common being anaemia (20.8%), PPH (10%), puerperal sepsis (8%).
Conclusions: If performed for medical reasons, CS can save the lives of both mothers and babies. Therefore, CSs should preferably only be performed when necessary for medical reasons. Morbidity is more with emergency LSCS than elective LSCS with PPH being the most common intraoperative complication and anemia being most common post operative complication.
A study on pregnancy outcome following previous spontaneous abortion: a hospital-based prospective observational comparative study
Authors: Singh Priya , Gautam Roli , Jeyaseelan Shanti
Published: August 2023

Background: Majority of spontaneous pregnancy loss occur in early gestation. Early pregnancy loss causes great physical and psychological distress to couples and creates apprehension in achieving future reproductive success. Previous abortions have a definite impact on the successful outcome of future pregnancies.  Hence for such pregnancies careful antenatal care is mandatory. Careful surveillances required in pregnancies preceded by spontaneous abortions, for early detection of possible complications.
Methods: This was a prospective observational comparative study conducted on 184 antenatal women (92 patients with previous spontaneous abortion, no full-term delivery, selected as cases while 92 patients with previous full term normal vaginal delivery with no previous abortion selected as control) attending antenatal OPD at Holy Family Hospital, New Delhi, from October 2020 to May 2022. All women received regular antenatal care and were followed up till delivery for maternal and foetal outcome.
Results: For predicting pregnancy outcome following previous spontaneous abortion showed statistically significant in term of obesity, 56.52% patients were obese in cases while in controls only 48.91%. Duration of marriage, in cases is 2.22 years, where as in controls were 4.24 years with significant result. Interpregnancy interval (months) in cases was 10.58±4.19 whereas in controls it was 32.53±14.41 with significant result. Antenatal complications in term of GDM, hypothyroidism, IUGR more in cases than controls.
Conclusions: We found that prior spontaneous abortion miscarriage is definitely a risk factor for the next pregnancy, making present pregnancy a high-risk pregnancy.
A comparative study of vaginal delivery and caesarean section in antepartum eclampsia at and beyond 34 weeks of gestation
Authors: Jyothi C. , Swathi K. , Srujana A. , Sharmila G.
Published: August 2023

Background: This study was done to compare maternal and fetal outcome in pregnancies after 34 weeks gestation complicated by antepartum eclampsia when terminated by caesarean section and by vaginal delivery.
Methods: A comparative prospective study was done on 100 pregnant women with antepartum eclampsia at or beyond 34 weeks of gestational age from November 2019 to June 2021 at Gandhi Hospital, Secunderabad, Telangana. The patients were divided into two groups: CD group (who delivered by caesarean section) and VD group (who delivered by vaginal route). After history taking and examination, delivery was planned according to the gestational age, foetal condition and Bishop’s score. The associated indication for caesarean, induction delivery interval in vaginal deliveries, total blood loss was noted. Baby details were noted and were followed till discharge at hospital.
Results: The incidence of caesarean section was 41% and that of vaginal delivery was 59%. Highest incidence of antepartum eclampsia was seen in the age group of 20-24 years and between 37-40 weeks. Most common indication of caesarean section was fetal distress (19%). The convulsion-delivery interval was less in CD group and it was statistically significant (p value 0.01). The incidence of live births, still births and IUD was better in the CD group than VD group (p value 0.02). Perinatal mortality was more in vaginal delivery group (27.64%) than in caesarean section group (12.19%). Maternal mortality was 1.7% in the VD group and nil in the CD group.
Conclusions: The study reflected that both perinatal and maternal morbidity and mortality were found to be lesser in the CD group in comparison with the VD group. Thus, early decision for caesarean section especially when delivery is not anticipated within 6 hours of admission is essential in improving the perinatal and maternal outcome in eclampsia.
Benign struma ovarii-a rare monodermal ovarian teratoma-a case report
Authors: Maroli Rajani , S. Chandni , Sasidharan Athira
Published: August 2023

Struma ovarii is a rare ovarian tumour, first described in 1889 by Boettlin. It is defined by the presence of thyroid tissue comprising of >50% of overall mass. It comprises 1% of all ovarian tumours and 2-5% of all ovarian teratomas. Preoperative diagnosis of struma ovarii is difficult because symptoms, clinical presentation and ultrasound are often similar to that of ovarian carcinoma. Hence most of the patients are diagnosed post operatively. Most cases of strum aovarii are benign and can be treated by excision of the ovary or by unilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. In a small number of cases, there are complications, the most important being the development of malignancy or ascites associated with pleural effusion producing a pseudo-Meigs' syndrome. This is a case of struma ovary presented with features of pseudo-Meig’s syndrome. A 68 year old post-menopausal woman presented with acute abdomen and respiratory distress with an ultrasound diagnosis of ovarian torsion, ascites and pleural effusion and found to have atrial thrombus on evaluation. She had undergone staging laparotomy, TAH+ BSO, omental biopsy and peritoneal fluid cytology. Histopathology revealed predominantly benign and mature colloid filled thyroid follicles of varying sizes lined by cuboidal epithelium surrounded by lymphocytic infiltrate and congested blood vessels, which was suggestive of struma ovary.
Evan’s syndrome- unusual presentation: a case report
Authors: Gedam Smruti D. , Fidvi Juzar I.
Published: August 2023

Evans syndrome is an extremely rare type of autoimmune (hemolytic) disorder due to development of auto-antibodies against own RBCs, platelets and, at-times, neutrophils; most common presentation being mucosal and cutaneous bleeding with varying degree of anemia with thrombocytopenia. The present case is an unusual presentation of Evans syndrome with massive intra-peritoneal bleeding secondary to ruptured ovarian hemorrhagic cyst, which was managed successfully with timely decision of exploratory laparotomy, steroid, immunosuppressant and transfusion with adequate and appropriate blood and blood products. High index of suspicion and multi-disciplinary approach remained the key factors towards a successful outcome and patient went home in good health on 18th post-operative day.
A study of correlation between clinical profile of patients with non- alcoholic fatty liver disease and individual components of metabolic syndrome at a tertiary care centre in Uttarakhand region: an observational cross-sectional study
Authors: Aggarwal Rishabh , Pathania Monika , Raina Rohit , Singh Amritpal
Published: August 2023

Background: Research indicates that the occurrence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in India is reported to range from approximately 9% to 32%. This study aims to examine the clinical characteristics of subjects diagnosed with NAFLD and investigate the association between NAFLD and individual components of metabolic syndrome.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional, hospital-based study, conducted over a period of 2 months from May 2017 to June 2017 in patients attending medicine OPD or admitted in IPD in AIIMS Rishikesh. Study population included sonologicaly diagnosed cases of NAFLD of age group 18 to 70 years. Patients with a history of jaundice, positive viral markers for hepatitis C or hepatitis B, pregnant women, individuals who consume alcohol, and patients with a history of hepatotoxic drug consumption were excluded.
Results: A total of 40 NAFLD cases, as confirmed ultrasonographically, were included in the study. Out of all the patients diagnosed with NAFLD, 26 (65%) were found to have metabolic syndrome based on the NCEP ATP III criteria. Upon investigating the correlation between NAFLD and individual components of metabolic syndrome, a significant association (p<0.05) was observed with BMI, waist circumference, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, as well as serum triglyceride levels.
Conclusions: Uttarakhand being hilly region mainly, it is expected that lifestyle will be healthy due to cultural and environmental factors, but rapid urbanisation has led to change in lifestyle which needs to be addressed in the population of this Himalayan state.
Oral health status treatment needs among 12 years old children living in orphanages and parental homes in Bangalore city: a cross sectional study
Authors: Bhat Padma K. , Murthy Mamatha , S. G. Sushma , M. Y. Jayachadra , Nongmeikapam Rejita , Kumar Manish
Published: August 2023

Background: Enjoying good oral health includes more than just having healthy teeth. Many children have inadequate oral and general health because of active and uncontrolled caries. In orphans the oral hygiene practices are usually neglected which may affect various aspects of life, including function, appearance, interpersonal relationships and even career opportunities. Aim of study was to assess oral health status, treatment needs among 12 years old children living in orphanages and compare with that of children living in parental homes and attending government school.
Methods: A descriptive cross sectional comparative study was carried out among 460 twelve year old children living in orphanages and parental home. Oral health status and treatment needs was assessed using the World health Organization’s oral health assessment (tooth surface) form for children- 2013. Proportion was calculated using chi-square test and T-test.
Results: Present study found mean decayed surface, mean missing surface and mean filled surface was higher in orphanage children (4.57±3.9), (0.17±0.91) and (3.2±0.37) and as compared to school children i.e. (3.88±3.91), (0.16±0.370) and (2.3±0.14). 68.7% school children required prompt treatment (including scaling) 24.3% required immediate treatment due to pain or infection of dental and oral origin, 5.7% required preventive or routine treatment.
Conclusions: The study highlighted untreated caries, less filled component and high missing component among orphanage children compared to school children. There is need for dental care, primary prevention such as oral health education programmes in schools.
Prevalence of psychosocial problems in adolescents of central India: a descriptive cross sectional study
Authors: Nimje Ashish T. , Gawande Avinash V. , Narlawar Uday W.
Published: August 2023

Background: Adolescent’s psychosocial disorders exhibit as iceberg phenomenon and are one of the hidden health problems in population. Adolescents suffer from psychosocial problems at one or the other time during their development. Aim of study was to study the prevalence of psychosocial problems among adolescent.
Methods: A community based descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in urban field practice area of govt. medical college, Nagpur in Maharashtra. House to house survey was conducted and face to face interview was taken among 330 adolescents out of which 214 (64.84%) were male and 116 (35.16%) were female. Peadiatric Symptom Checklist Youth version (PSC-Y) was used as a tool to study the psychosocial problem.
Results: In present study, overall prevalence of psychosocial problem was found to be 33.03%. Prevalence of psychosocial problem in male and female was 34.11% and 31.03% respectively. Psychosocial problems were more in age group of 14-16 years (39.69%) followed by 10-13 years 34 (31.48%) and 17-19 years age group 23 (25.27%).
Conclusions: On basis of findings using PSC-Y, it is concluded that, a sizeable population (about one third of the adolescents) were suffered from psychosocial problem and the attention problem was most commonly found using PSC-Y subscales.
An inconspicuous threat to our nation-it’s time to end
Authors: Sivakumar Abinav , John Anugraha
Published: August 2023

It is well known that counterfeit medical products cause harm to patients and fail to treat the diseases for which they were intended. They lead to loss of confidence in medicines, healthcare providers and health systems. They are becoming common in every region of the world. It is believed that up to 10% of all medicines sold worldwide are counterfeit, with higher prevalence in regions where drug regulatory and enforcement systems are weakest. An estimated 1 in 10 medical products in low- and middle-income countries and it contributes to antimicrobial resistance and drug-resistant infections.
Relationship between Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Severity and Surface Electromyography Parameters during Fatigue Caused by Knee Extensor Contractions
Authors: Shin Ho Jeong , Lee Jun Woo , Kim Sang Hun , Shin Myung-Jun , Jang Myung Hun
Published: August 2023

Objective: Skeletal muscle dysfunction, which is characterized by decreased muscle strength and endurance, contributes to dyspnea during exercise in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), regardless of pulmonary function. This study analyzed skeletal muscle function in patients with COPD through surface electromyography (sEMG) evaluations and signal processing and attempted to determine whether sEMG parameters for muscle fatigue reflect the course of the disease. Methods: In 24 patients with COPD, maximal voluntary isometric contraction and ramp contraction were performed during isometric knee extension, and the sEMG activity of the rectus femoris muscle was measured. The patients were divided into three groups according to their modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) grade and Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) stage. Patients with mMRC grades 0 and 1 were classified into group A, grade 2 into group B, and grades 3 and 4 into group C. Patients with GOLD stage 1 were classified into group I, stage 2 into group II, and stages 3 and 4 into group III. sEMG parameters were compared between groups using one-way analysis of variance. Results: There were significant differences in the minimum median frequency and fatigue index between the mMRC groups. However, the sEMG parameters did not differ significantly among the GOLD groups. Conclusion: Muscle fatigue differs according to the severity of subjective dyspnea in COPD. sEMG evaluations and signal processing can play supplementary roles in evaluating muscle endurance and predicting functional capacity in COPD.
Cuba & Soviet Union: Trade Pattern Pitfalls (1970-1988)
Authors: Terentev Pavel , Vavichkina Tatiana , Vlasova Yulia
Published: August 2023

This article analyzes the interaction between the Soviet Union and Cuba, the bilateral trade in sugar and nickel ores as well as direct assistance of the USSR to the Castro regime. The scholars investigate the dependence of the Cuban economy on economic cooperation with the Soviet Union and indicate that the pattern of bilateral trade was extremely harmful to Cuba since Havana took advantage of the artificial steady demand for the main components of Cuban exports from the USSR and other Comecon countries. The researchers point out that such a model of trade was one of the key factors that doomed the State’s economy to a severe economic crisis of the 1990-s and left Cuba behind other Latin American economies even the extremely depended on a particular resource export, ones such as Chile and Venezuela in terms of economic development.
Trends in U.S. food consumption: priorities, and prospects
Authors: Korotkikh Alla
Published: August 2023

The subject of the article is an economic study of trends in food consumption by the US population over the past five decades. The multidirectional dynamics of the consumption of individual products under the influence of economic, social and demographic factors ensures a stable level of total food consumption in the country - it has not changed much over half a century. But the structure of consumption has changed significantly, which, combined with the growing popularity of fast food, has a direct impact on the food industry and the domestic food market, stimulates some and inhibits other areas of food production and processing.
Noting positive trends in US food consumption, experts point out that Americans still fall short of the Federal Dietary Guidelines. According to ERS’s loss-adjusted food availability data, Americans consume too many foods and drinks high in fat and carbohydrates and too few foods and drinks rich in nutrients such as fruits, vegetables and skim milk.
USA in the Middle East: the beginning of a great disengagement
Authors: Kochegurov Dmitry
Published: August 2023

The article is devoted to the strategic disengagement between the United States and its Middle Eastern partners and includes several blocks. 1) The article discusses the historical stages of US involvement in the Middle East processes. 2) The new US foreign policy strategy in the Middle East under the administrations of D. Trump and J. Biden, which preserved the continuity to the pragmatic and realistic line of D. Trump, is analyzed. 3) The level of relations between USA and regional leaders is reflected. 4) A special intra-regional transformation in the Middle East has been revealed, that is pushing The White House to reconsider its position based on US hegemony. The authors come to the overall conclusion about the development of two dependent tendencies: the susceptibility of the Middle East from US foreign policy priorities with withdrawal from the region and implementation of sovereign foreign policy by regional leaders based on national interests, that reduces their dependence on USA.
ZA models of neutron and proton in scale electric field originated by the Planck particle
Authors: Zong Bernie Yaping
Published: August 2023

A new ZA matter model has been established to explain why mass has the instinct property of electricity. It is shown that the pure energy particle to originate matter is an electric pulse called ZA0 and it was proved being the Planck particle. Matter formation was derived by theoretical analysis based on a suggested binary growth law of quantum mechanics. It is found that there is a smallest matter particle called as ZA1 with a same format of ZA0 but different size to form any other matter particles. Structures of electron, neutron and proton have been suggested and prediction of their mass meets experiments wonderfully. It was found that matter mass consists of two parts: one (a scale electric field) is electric pure mass coming from motion energy of the photon in minimum size and the other (the overlapped gravity field) coming from potential energy of the bent space. Sizes of basic matter particles were discussed based on the particle nature of isolated electric field. The size predictions can explain the weird experimental phenomenon that size of an electron is significantly larger than that of a neutron. It was found that electric charges in micro scale like γ-ray are represented at the zero potential nodes by opposite two momentum directions. It is shown by photoelectric effect experiments that electric force in micro by ZA model in form of light can be exchanged into the macro electric force to drive electrons in macro current. The proton ZA model can be applied to explain why many protons can be collaborated in a nucleus as the reactive binding force between protons and neutrons can overcome the electric repelling force between positive charges.
Investigation of Mechanical Properties and Thermal Analysis of Bagasse Fiber Reinforced Composite Polymer Foam
Authors: Arif Zainal , Husaini - , Ali Nurdin , Muryati Sri
Published: August 2023

Bagasse is a waste used as a new material for foam polymer composites as reinforcement. This waste is quite a lot and has not been processed properly to become new material. This waste is adopted as ordinary organic fertilizer, incinerated, or disposed of. For that reason, it needs further research investigation. Due to its advantages, further investigation into the best composition is needed to achieve a tough composite material. It is a lightweight material with high economic value and can be used to overcome environmental problems. Therefore, this research obtains the mechanical properties and thermal analysis of the composite polymer foam reinforced with bagasse fibers. Part of the matrix is a thermoset polymer polyurethane (BQTN 157), and the reinforcement part is bagasse fiber. Bagasse was local waste from traders around Langsa City in Indonesia. The bagasse waste was processed into the fiber. The bagasse composition on a percentage weight ratio. They were mixed with resin and foam ingredients, blowing agent, and catalyst and poured into casting pattern composite material. A mesh of bagasse fiber was the size of 80. Thermogravimetric Analysis has made All specimens that need a tensile test to obtain the materialâ€™s strength and thermal stability. The result has found that the specimen of polymeric foam composite material with 5% bagasse fiber was obtained based on the results. The tensile strength values are 19.5 MPa. A thermal stability condition changes temperature between 39.95Â°C â€“ 516.55Â°C.
Design and Build of Masked Face Identification System and IoT-Based Body Temperature Measurement
Authors: Bayupati I P.A. , Ersapramana Aditya , Dharmaadi I Putu Arya
Published: August 2023

The new normal is an era in the behavior changed to obstruct the spread of COVID-19, such as decreasing people's mobility, body temperature measuring, mandatory masking, and getting a COVID-19 vaccine regularly. This study develops an identification system based on the Internet of Things through facial biometrics and temperature measurement. Face identification is divided into two main steps: face detection and identification. Face detections used the Framework YOLOv5, in which the systems can detect masked and without masked faces. Pre-trained VGG-face is used for face identification for feature extraction and produces a 2622-dimensional vector. The feature extraction result is calculated as the distance similarity with the features stored in the Database using Euclidean distance. Temperature measurement utilizes IoT by using the NodeMCU ESP8266 and the MLX90614 sensor. NodeMCU ESP8266 is a microcontroller equipped with a WI-FI module to send temperature data so measurements can be delivered wirelessly. The MLX90614 sensor measures body temperature at a 40 â€“ 60 cm distance from the Sensor. Calibration of the sensor used Two-point Calibration, so a trim error rate level is produced. The result successfully identified the face with the F1 score of 92% without a masked face and 73% for a masked face. The body temperature was measured using the MLX90614 sensor produced an error rate of 0.1Â°C after calibration. In the future, this system can be further developed and utilized for other sectors, such as the medical and security sectors.
SADY: Student Activity Detection Using YOLO-based Deep Learning Approach
Authors: Deshpande Anagha , Warhade Krishna
Published: August 2023

Automating human activity recognition is one of computer vision's most appealing and pragmatic research areas. In this article, we have addressed the problem of video-based student activity detection. The studentâ€™s activity detection using YOLO (SADY) aims to recognize the normal and abnormal student activities to ensure immediate intervention in case of any risk or necessity. We created our classroom data set of around 220 recordings depicting seven student classroom activities. The YOLOv4 Tiny model was retrained using 5000 labeled keyframes extracted from the train videos. The model was then tested for single or multiple activity detections. We presented the evaluated results for various values of hyperparameters like confidence threshold and Intersection Over Union (IoU) thresholds for the proposed model. The model assigns a unique confidence score and action label to each frame for the test videos by positioning recurrent activity labels. The proposed approach achieved a mean average precision (mAP) of 95% and a frame per second rate (FPS) of 45 for the student activity Class Room (CR) dataset and mAP of 95.18 % for the LIRIS dataset. The experimental findings using the Class Room recorded and LIRIS publicly accessible dataset show that our proposed approach outperforms existing approaches regarding recognition accuracy and speed. The comparable results obtained in this research work imply that the proposed framework could effectively monitor studentâ€™s activities in schools, colleges, and universities.
Suburban Development Model: A Transformation Determinant Perspective on Settlement Densification in Makassar City, Indonesia
Authors: Amri Erwin , Selintung Mary , Manaf Murshal , Nasution Muhammad Arief
Published: August 2023

The growth of settlement areas experienced a pattern of densification and was followed by physical spatial, residential, economic, and sociocultural transformations. Given the importance of conceptualizing development models and modeling the relationship between densification and transformation in peri-urban settlements, this study aims to analyze the factors that determine the densification and physical transformation of residential areas, the effect of transformation on densification, and the suburban development model. This study uses a quantitative survey method with 391 samples in the settlement community of Bumi Tamalanrea Permai and its surroundings. The data were analyzed simultaneously using a structural equation modeling (SEM) approach with the help of partial least squares (PLS) software. The results showed that spatial transformation and physical residential determined densification with an R2 value of 0.466, or 46.6%, while spatial, economic, and sociocultural transformation determined physical residential with an R2 value of 0.47.8, or 47.8%. The urban development model determines the spatial and physical transformation of housing that encourages an increase in residential units with designations for the middle and upper economic communities with the growth of affordable housing and luxury housing vertically and horizontally. The settlement transformation model determines the spatial and socioeconomic transformation process that encourages increased activity and interaction in new socioeconomic spaces. The results of this research will assist in formulating urban development sector policies for realizing suburban sustainability.
Level of User Security Behavior in the Service Industry
Authors: Gushelmi - , Latih Rodziah , Zin Abdullah Mohd.
Published: August 2023

User security behavior is all user actions related to computer system security. Previous studies have shown that user security behavior is one of the main causes of computer and information security problems in many organizations. In order to mitigate this problem, we need to find a solution to improve user security behavior in the organization. This process involves three steps. This study emphasizes the first step to address an organization's security behavior. Therefore, this study aims to determine the level of user security behavior for four service industries in West Sumatra in 2019. This study is carried out by using a survey research method. Questionnaires were distributed to 320 respondents from four service sectors: government, education, banking, and private services. The questionnaire consists of 30 questions comprising seven factors influencing user security behavior: the organization's values, co-workers' behavior, the ability to make decisions, the availability of supporting tools, individual values and standards, the employee-employer relationship, and the Effort required. The result shows that the level of user security behavior is reasonably high. This implies that service sector employees in Indonesia are aware of the threats in cyberspace and the importance of the security procedure at work. For further research, we plan to study some security problems in more detail to propose possible solutions or actions to improve user security behavior in the service industry, particularly in Indonesia.
MikrobatX: The Use of SIFT Feature Extraction in a Deep Learning Approach for Identification and Classification of Microscopic Fragments of Medicinal Leaves
Authors: Rahmatulloh Alam , Suhendy Hendy , Gunawan Ricky Indra
Published: August 2023

Due to a lack of references that contain standard references, it is still difficult to evaluate the accuracy of the raw material for the medicinal plant Simplicia powder based on microscopic testing in the pharmaceutical industry. Furthermore, it takes much time to manually match the findings of microscopic tests with standard reference materials. For these reasons, artificial intelligence must be used so that researchers can rapidly and reliably forecast the kinds of medicinal plants based on microscopic fragments. Deep learning performance in computer vision has demonstrated encouraging outcomes in recent years. Convolutional neural networks (CNN) enhanced by SIFT feature extraction, dubbed "MikrobatX," are used in the proposed work to identify and classify microscopic fragment images of the medicinal plant Simplicia. This technique plays a key role in the microscopic identification and classification of medicinal plant simplicia. Using microscopic photographs of the leaves of medicinal plants, MikrobatX was able to extract essential Simplicia characteristics. Our proposed model may produce the greatest accuracy value of 89.42% for microscopic medicinal leaf Simplicia image problems, according to experimental results utilizing the Mikrobat dataset. Due to the lack of comparable research using the Microbat dataset, these findings cannot be compared to earlier investigations.
The Effect of G/CHNF/ZnONPs Packaging on Nutritional Content, Antibacterial Activity, and Shelf Life of Cheddar Cheese
Authors: Bahar Asrul , Kusumawati Nita , Adi Annis Catur
Published: August 2023

The packaging of food goods is crucial. Due to the presence of packaging, food goods' quality can be preserved while being stored. This research created gelatin-based nanocomposite packaging with the addition of active compounds in the form of CHNF and ZnONPs, which reduced the decrease in the nutritional content of cheddar cheese and increased its shelf life. Cheese is one of the nutrient-rich food products that are susceptible to changes in environmental conditions. The results showed that G/CHNF/ZnONPs films were able to minimize 7.76%, 4.84 %, 13.24%, and 1.78%, respectively, the potential for decreasing levels of protein, fat, carbohydrates, and minerals, especially calcium, during 30 days of storage of unpackaged cheddar cheese. Additionally, the G/CHNF/ZnONPs coating extended the shelf life of cheddar cheese to 131 days, longer than LDPE packaging and without packaging.
Optimization of Soil Temperature and Humidity Measurement System at Climatology Stations with IoT-Based Equipment
Authors: Yulkifli - , Nofriandi Alwi , Sari Mona Berlian , Sudiar Nofi Yendri , Violita - , Abdullah Ade Gafar , Satiâ€™at Nur Anisa , Rizkiana Aulia
Published: August 2023

Temperature and humidity are important weather parameters that require close observation due to their importance across various fields, including agriculture. Apart from the use of automatic weather system (AWS), the station of meteorology and climatology also relies on conventional devices to observe these parameters, but they have been proven to be inefficient, imprecise, and prone to systematic errors. The alternative AWS consists of several sensors with different functions, allowing for more accurate measurements, but it also has one major limitation. This includes its inability to carry out measurements with the sensors when one of them is damaged. Therefore, this study aims to develop high-precision soil temperature and humidity (STH) monitoring equipment using the DHT11 sensor module. The equipment consisted of a box containing a series of device builder electronics. The building electronics circuit contained a DHT11 sensor, NodeMCU ESP8266 microcontroller, an on/off switch, and a reset button. The results of measurements of temperature and humidity often appeared on the smartphone. The DHT11 sensor detected the soil parameters, which were processed by the NodeMCU ESP8266. The data obtained were then sent to the Thingspeak server, where they could be accessed on a smartphone. The developed equipment showed good performance with accuracies of 98.201%, 97.330%, 98.982%, 98.973%, and 99.649% in measuring STH at each depth, while values of 98.487% and 98.587% were obtained for humidity measurement. Furthermore, precision values of 99.93% and 99.95 were recorded for the measurement of temperature and humidity
Coefficient Prediction for Physically-based Cloth Simulation Using Deep learning
Authors: Mao Makara , Va Hongly , Hong Min
Published: August 2023

Physically-based cloth simulation involves modeling cloth as a collection of particles or nodes connected by various types of constraints. These particles interact with each other and the environment, such as gravity or collisions, to accurately simulate the cloth's behavior. One essential component of such simulations is the set of material parameters or coefficients that dictate the cloth's physical properties, such as stiffness and damping. Deep learning-based coefficient prediction in physically-based cloth simulation involves using machine learning techniques, specifically deep neural networks, to predict the material parameters of cloth from its geometric and physical properties. The deep learning model is trained using a dataset of simulated cloth instances, where the material parameters are known. The input to the model is a set of geometric and physical properties of the cloth, such as the dimensions, orientation, and velocity. The output of the model is the set of material parameters that best represent the cloth's behavior under these conditions. This paper proposes a deep learning method for predicting these coefficients using a multi-label video classification approach. The training data is generated from a physics-based simulator, and the method is evaluated on some cloth simulations, such as fabric falling down, fabric with collision, and fabric affected by airflow. The cloth movement dataset is generated from a mass-spring-based simulation. The results show that the transformer model has much higher accuracy than other models. This study provides a promising approach for predicting the coefficients of virtual cloth in physically-based simulations.
PatchCore-based Anomaly Detection using Major Object Segmentation
Authors: Kim Gyu-Il , Chung Kyungyong
Published: August 2023

Cameras utilized for product defect detection in the production line of the manufacturing process create noise due to environmental changes such as camera angle and direction of light. This causes a lack of manufacturing process data and reduces the efficiency of anomaly detection. Therefore, it is necessary to produce a method that detects defects occurring in the production line and guarantees product quality and safety using anomaly detection technology combined with artificial intelligence. Therefore, this thesis proposes PatchCore-based anomaly detection using major object segmentation. The proposed method pre-processes product packaging data by using Green Channel thresholding, Major Connected Component Selection, Extracting Outer Contour, and FloodFill with Centroid. As for the pre-processed data main objects are masked, and the image data is segmented. Through PatchCore model, normality and anomaly detection results are binarily classified. In the performance evaluation, the accuracy is compared between the pre-existing anomaly detection method and the proposed method through the pre-/post-preprocessing data, and high performance is proven. The conventional method showed an accuracy of 0.7684, while our approach achieved an accuracy of 0.9784. Additionally, among the CNN models, VGG19 demonstrated an accuracy of 0.5833, and EfficientNet80 showed an accuracy of 0.7, both of which were lower than our method's accuracy. Therefore, even a small data set shows strong performance through the proposed method. The proposed method is expected to be utilized as an effective defect detection model in diverse fields.