bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Treatment Decision Drivers in Stage III Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer: Outcomes of a Web-Based Survey of Oncologists in the United States
Authors: Cotarla Ion , Boron Marnie L. , Cullen Shawna L. , Spinner Daryl S. , Faulkner Eric C. , Carroll Marissa C. , Shah Surbhi , Yagui-Beltran Adam
Published: June 2020

PURPOSE:

We conducted a cross-sectional survey of practicing medical oncologists in the United States to obtain insight into physician and patient treatment decision making in stage III non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

METHODS:

A convenience sample of 150 oncologists completed a 38-question Web-based survey in January 2019.

RESULTS:

Surveyed oncologists (82% community based) had an average of 15 years of clinical experience and had treated an average of 20 patients newly diagnosed with stage III NSCLC in the previous 6 months. Oncologists reported presenting 55% of their patients with stage III NSCLC to tumor boards. For patients with new unresectable stage III NSCLC seen in the previous 6 months, concurrent chemoradiation therapy (cCRT) was reported as the initial treatment in an average of 48% of patients. The most frequent reason for delays in starting the initial chosen treatment was insurance preauthorization processes (reported by 65% of oncologists). A total of 55% of all patients with unresectable stage III NSCLC who received cCRT went on to receive consolidation immunotherapy; for patients who received consolidation chemotherapy after cCRT, the rate of immunotherapy was lower (42%). Biomarker test results were given as the reason for oncologists not recommending immunotherapy after cCRT in approximately a quarter of cases. The 112 oncologists with eligible patients who declined immunotherapy reported previous treatment fatigue as the reason in 34% of patients and insurance challenges in 19% of patients.

CONCLUSION:

Oncologists reported notable deviations from treatment guidelines for stage III NSCLC. Our findings highlight important opportunities to improve decision making and the coordination of care in stage III NSCLC.
Cell-Free DNA Alterations in the AR Enhancer and Locus Predict Resistance to AR-Directed Therapy in Patients With Metastatic Prostate Cancer
Authors: Dang Ha X. , Chauhan Pradeep S. , Ellis Haley , Feng Wenjia , Harris Peter K. , Smith Grace , Qiao Mark , Dienstbach Katherine , Beck Rachel , Atkocius Andrew , Qaium Faridi , Luo Jingqin , Michalski Jeff M. , Picus Joel , Pachynski Russell K. , Maher Christopher A. , Chaudhuri Aadel A.
Published: June 2020

PURPOSE

Cell-free DNA (cfDNA) and circulating tumor cell (CTC)–based liquid biopsies have emerged as potential tools to predict responses to androgen receptor (AR)–directed therapy in metastatic prostate cancer. However, because of complex mechanisms and incomplete understanding of genomic events involved in metastatic prostate cancer resistance, current assays (eg, CTC AR-V7) demonstrate low sensitivity and remain underutilized. The recent discovery of AR enhancer amplification in > 80% of patients with metastatic disease and its association with disease resistance presents an opportunity to improve on current assays. We hypothesized that tracking AR/enhancer genomic alterations in plasma cfDNA would detect resistance with high sensitivity and specificity.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

We developed a targeted sequencing and analysis method as part of a new assay called Enhancer and Neighboring Loci of Androgen Receptor Sequencing (EnhanceAR-Seq). We applied EnhanceAR-Seq to plasma collected from 40 patients with metastatic prostate cancer treated with AR-directed therapy to monitor AR/enhancer genomic alterations and correlated these events with therapy resistance, progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS).

RESULTS

EnhanceAR-Seq identified genomic alterations in the AR/enhancer locus in 45% of cases, including a 40% rate of AR enhancer amplification. Patients with AR/enhancer alterations had significantly worse PFS and OS than those without (6-month PFS, 30% v 71%; P = .0002; 6-month OS, 59% v 100%; P = .0015). AR/enhancer alterations in plasma cfDNA detected 18 of 23 resistant cases (78%) and outperformed the CTC AR-V7 assay, which was also run on a subset of patients.

CONCLUSION

cfDNA-based AR locus alterations, including of the enhancer, are strongly associated with resistance to AR-directed therapy and significantly worse survival. cfDNA analysis using EnhanceAR-Seq may enable more precise risk stratification and personalized therapeutic approaches for metastatic prostate cancer.
Insights Into the Mechanism of MCT8 Oligomerization
Authors: Groeneweg Stefan , van den Berge Amanda , Lima de Souza Elaine C , Meima Marcel E , Peeters Robin P , Visser W Edward
Published: June 2020

Mutations in the thyroid hormone transporter monocarboxylate transporter 8 (MCT8) result in MCT8 deficiency, characterized by severe intellectual and motor disability. The MCT8 protein is predicted to have 12 transmembrane domains (TMDs) and is expressed as monomers, homodimers, and homo-oligomers. This study aimed to delineate the mechanism of MCT8 oligomerization. Coimmunoprecipitation studies demonstrated that lithium dodecyl sulfate effectively disrupts MCT8 protein complexes, indicating the involvement of non-covalent interactions. Successive C-terminal truncations of the MCT8 protein altered the oligomerization pattern only if introduced in the N-terminal half of the protein (TMD1-6). The truncation at extracellular loop 1 (E206X) still allowed homodimerization, but completely abrogated homo-oligomerization, whereas both were preserved by the C231X mutant (at TMD2), suggesting that the minimally required oligomerization sites are located proximal of Cys231. However, mutant constructs lacking the intracellular N-terminus or TMD1 and 2 were still capable to form homo-oligomers. Therefore, other domains distal of Cys231 are also likely to be involved in the formation of extensive multidomain interactions. This hypothesis was supported by structural modeling. Despite multiple approaches, MCT8 oligomerization could not be fully abrogated unless a substantial part of the protein was removed, precluding detailed studies into its functional role. Together, our findings suggest that MCT8 oligomerization involves extensive noncovalent interactions between the N-terminal halves of MCT8 proteins. Most mutations identified in patients with MCT8 deficiency have only minor effects on MCT8 oligomerization and, thus, impaired oligomerization does not appear to be an important pathogenic mechanism.
Suspensor-derived somatic embryogenesis in Arabidopsis
Authors: Radoeva Tatyana , Albrecht Catherine , Piepers Marcel , de Vries Sacco , Weijers Dolf
Published: June 2020

In many flowering plants, asymmetric division of the zygote generates apical and basal cells with different fates. In Arabidopsis thaliana, the apical cell generates the embryo while the basal cell divides anticlinally, leading to a suspensor of 6-9 cells that remain extra-embryonic and eventually senesce. In some genetic backgrounds, or upon ablation of the embryo, suspensor cells can undergo periclinal cell divisions and eventually form a second, twin embryo. Likewise, embryogenesis can be induced from somatic cells by various genes, but the relation to suspensor-derived embryos is unclear. Here, we addressed the nature of the suspensor to embryo fate transformation, and its genetic triggers. We expressed most known embryogenesis-inducing genes specifically in suspensor cells. We next analyzed morphology and fate marker expression in embryos in which suspensor division were activated by different triggers to address the developmental paths towards reprogramming. Our results show that reprogramming of Arabidopsis suspensor cells towards embryonic identity is a specific cellular response that is triggered by defined regulators, follows a conserved developmental trajectory and shares similarity to the process of somatic embryogenesis from post-embryonic tissues.
Pseudocisto pancreático simulando lesão cística neoplásica de cabeça de pâncreas: relato de caso
Authors: Silva Rhuan Antônio de Paula Silveira e , Veiga Marcos Alberto de Mendonça , Silva Érika Alves Dutra da
Published: June 2020

Introdução: os cistos pancreáticos são diagnosticados, em sua maioria, como achados acidentais em pacientes submetidos à exame físico de rotina ou exame radiológico abdominal. As lesões neoplásicas representam 10-15% de todas as lesões pancreáticas. Relato de caso: Relatamos o caso de um paciente com 41 anos de idade apresentando pseudocisto de cabeça de pâncreas com diagnóstico pré-operatório sugestivo de neoplasia sólido-cística. Conclusão: O manejo das neoplasias císticas de pâncreas apresenta-se como um desafio. Os exames de imagem tiveram um papel essencial no diagnóstico diferencial. A ressecção cirúrgica continua sendo padrão ouro para pacientes sintomáticos e com elevada probabilidade de malignidade.
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder: Frequency and Gender Estimates
Authors: Jabeen Shaista , Kausar Rukhsana
Published: June 2020

Objective: Frequency data on mental disorders is a crucial requirement for primary, secondary and tertiary prevention. However, such local data is sparse. The study aimed to estimate frequency and gender differences of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) in clinical population.

Method: Retrospective data of adult patients (18 years and above) reported in Out Patient Departments (OPD) of four teaching hospitals and a private clinic was collected. Successive three years record was consulted using OPD registers. Gender difference in frequency of OCD was estimated.

Results: Altogether 90119 patients were registered in five psychiatric settings in major cities of Punjab during three year period. As information was missing for over one third of the registered patients, hence analysis was carried out on valid cases only i.e. 59220 (65.8% of the total number of patients registered). It was revealed that the estimated frequency of OCD is 4.1%. There was no significant gender difference revealed in frequency of OCD (P>0.05).

Conclusion: Frequency of OCD implicate the need for early detection and intervention of the disorder. Further, it elucidates the importance of community based research on other mental disorders. The need for accurate record keeping which is a core element for any research related with medical or psychological issue is also highlighted.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.5.1870

How to cite this:Jabeen S, Kausar R. Obsessive Compulsive Disorder: Frequency and Gender Estimates. Pak J Med Sci. 2020;36(5):1048-1052.  doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.5.1870

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
SCIENCE AND RELIGION AS CULTURAL PHENOMENON
Authors:   North Ossetian State University named after K.L. Khetagurov, TOTROVA ZALINA
Published: June 2020

Science and religion as cultural phenomena are equivalent and equal. The placement of various forms of public consciousness on a vertical ladder is incorrect The specificity of science and religion is determined mainly by the object of study, respectively, empirical and transcendental reality. The object determines the choice of research methods and affects the definition of functions. Science and religion are not competitors in these positions. A problem arises if one of the forms of public consciousness claims the right to a monopoly in the cultural space.
Care planning in residential care facilities: the contributions of occupational therapists to the interprofessional team
Authors: Hammill Kathrine , Bissett Michelle , Slater Craig
Published: June 2020

Interprofessional teams will often meet with residents and their families to coordinate an effective care plan. Occupational therapists provide a unique contribution, supporting resident participation in meaningful and purposeful activities. Kathrine Hammill, Michelle Bissett and Craig Slater consider a variety of strategies to enhance care planning and assist with its successful implementation
More haste, less speed: How to work (even) faster
Authors: Hancock Dave
Published: June 2020

So much information, so little time. What if you could read, listen and watch more quickly? Dave Hancock explores the possibilities
COVID-19: Will there be legal consequences for healthcare staff?
Authors: Astill Duncan , Lindsay Sam
Published: June 2020

Duncan Astill and Sam Lindsay discuss the possibility of criminal and civil action being taken against professionals in the health service once the spread of the coronavirus is finally brought under control
The current state of books for children and young adults in Catalonia (2018-2019): After Bologna... Life goes on
Authors: Portell Rifà Joan
Published: June 2020

El bienni 2018-2019 mostra una important consolidació de l’àlbum il·lustrat tant de tipus narratiu com documental, un fet que no succeeix, per contra, en la narrativa infantil i menys encara en la juvenil. L’hàbit de lectura infantil denota una bona consolidació: la xarxa de llibreries especialitzades, el seguit de festivals i fires a l’entorn del llibre infantil per tot el territori, les nombroses exposicions i activitats que les biblioteques programen, etc., són clars indicadors del bon moment. Malauradament, però, aquesta bona salut no té continuïtat pel que fa a lectors preadolescents i adolescents. Aquest fet porta com a derivada una caiguda important de la quantitat i qualitat de la literatura destinada a aquesta franja d’edat, un món que havia restat oblidat durant anys però que a poc a poc desperta l’interès dels mediadors. Ei, i no oblidem que molts d’aquests esforços són gairebé quixotescos si observem com de menystinguda tenim la inversió en biblioteques escolars i la reivindicació del 2 % dels pressupostos de la Generalitat de Catalunya en cultura.
SNR dependence of measurement stability of heterodyne phase-sensitive optical time-domain reflectometry
Authors: Lu Yang , Yu Zhijie , Ju Zewu , Hu Xiaoyang , Chen Mo , Meng Zhou
Published: June 2020

Phase-sensitive optical time-domain reflectometry (

Φ

-OTDR) implements distributed vibration measurements by demodulation of vibration-induced phase of Rayleigh backscattered light waves (RBLs), and suffers from measurement instability. The weak intensities of RBLs and the resulting low signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) of intensity measurements are the dominating factors that cause the instability of vibration measurements. In this paper, dependence of the measurement stability of heterodyne

Φ

-OTDR on the SNR of the intensity measurement is investigated analytically and experimentally. An analytical solution of the probability density function of the demodulated phase as a function of SNR is obtained through rigorous derivation, and the dependence of the measurement stability on the SNR is investigated by analyzing the probability density function distribution of the demodulated phase. Both the theoretical predictions and experimental results reveal the impact of SNR on the measurement stability of heterodyne

Φ

-OTDR. This study fulfills the

Φ

-OTDR theory and would lead to an effective approach to stabilizing vibration quantization.
Photoacoustic visualization of the fluence rate dependence of photodynamic therapy
Authors: Gao Rongkang , Xu Hao , Liu Liangjian , Zhang Ying , Yin Ting , Zhou Huichao , Sun Mingjian , Chen Ningbo , Ren Yaguang , Chen Tao , Pan Yinhao , Zheng Mingbin , Ohulchanskyy Tymish Y. , Zheng Rongqin , Cai Lintao , Song Liang , Qu Junle , Liu Chengbo
Published: June 2020

This study investigates the fluence rate effect, an essential modulating mechanism of photodynamic therapy (PDT), by using photoacoustic imaging method. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that the fluence rate dependence is investigated at a microscopic scale, as opposed to previous studies that are based on tumor growth/necrosis or animal surviving rate. This micro-scale examination enables subtle biological responses, including the vascular damage and the self-healing response, to be studied. Our results reveal the correlations between fluence rate and PDT efficacy/self-healing magnitude, indicating that vascular injuries induced by high fluence rates are more likely to recover and by low fluence rates (≤126 mW/cm2) are more likely to be permanent. There exists a turning point of fluence rate (314 mW/cm2), above which PDT practically produces no permanent therapeutic effect and damaged vessels can fully recover. These findings have practical significance in clinical setting. For cancer-related diseases, the ‘effective fluence rate’ is useful to provoke permanent destruction of tumor vasculature. Likewise, the ‘non effective range’ can be applied when PDT is used in applications such as opening the blood brain barrier to avoid permanent brain damage.
Dependence of the photon statistics of down-converted field-modes on the photon statistics of the pump field-mode
Authors: Meher Nilakantha , Jha Anand K.
Published: June 2020

Using the zero time-delay second-order correlation function for studying photon statistics, we investigate how the photon statistics of field-modes generated by the parametric down-conversion (PDC) process depends on the photon statistics of the pump field-mode. We derive general expressions for the zero time-delay second-order correlation function of the down-converted field-modes for both multi-mode and single-mode PDC processes. We further study these expressions in the weak down-conversion limit. We show that for a two-photon two-mode PDC process, in which a pump photon splits into two photons into two separate field-modes, the zero time-delay second-order correlation function of the individual down-converted field-modes is equal to twice that of the pump field-mode. Furthermore, for an

n

-photon

n

-mode down-conversion process, in which a pump photon splits into

n

photons into

n

separate field-modes, the zero time-delay second-order correlation function of the individual down-converted field-modes is equal to

2

(
n
−
1
)

times that of the pump field- mode. However, in contrast to multi-mode PDC processes, for a single-mode PDC process, in which a pump photon splits into two or more photons into a single mode, the zero time-delay second-order correlation function of the down-converted field-mode is not proportional to that of the pump in the weak down-conversion limit. Nevertheless, we find it to be inversely proportional to the average number of photons in the pump field-mode.
Trifunctional metasurface based on spoof surface plasmon polaritons
Authors: Qu Bingyue , Pang Yongqiang , Zhang An Xue , Yan Sen , Xu Zhuo
Published: June 2020

In this paper, we propose the design of a metasurface that can achieve three functions in different frequency bands. The proposed metasurface is composed of two kinds of unit cells which are designed on the basis of the spatial k-dispersion engineering of spoof surface plasmon polaritons (SSPPs). By arranging these two kinds of unit cells in the chessboard configuration, the three functions of transmission, anomalous refraction and absorption can be integrated into one metasurface. High transmission and strong absorption can be achieved in 2.0-9.0 GHz and 12.6-20.0 GHz, respectively. Meanwhile, anomalous refraction can be achieved in 10-11.7 GHz due to forward scattering cancellation of two unit cells. To verify the design, a prototype was fabricated and measured. The measured results are consistent with the simulation ones. The metasurface can integrate multiple functions into one aperture and therefore has potential application values in multifunctional microwave devices such as shared-aperture antennas, etc.
Optical bistability in gap-plasmon metasurfaces in consideration of classical nonlocal effects
Authors: Ning Tingyin , Liang Huawei , Huo Yanyan , Zhao Lina
Published: June 2020

Optical bistability of linear reflectance and third-harmonic generation is investigated in a metasurface consisting of metallic grating coupled with metallic film spaced with nonlinear dielectric material. Linear optical reflectance and electric field enhancement are achieved for gaps <20 nm in the presence of classical nonlocality in metallic nanostructures. Enlarged thresholds from the higher to lower reflectance states are observed from 140 kW/cm2 for the local model to 300 kW/cm2 for the nonlocal model for 0.5-nm gaps. Though the linear reflectance almost overlaps for local and nonlocal models for 20-nm gaps, the optical bistability hysteresis loops retain large differences because local field differences are amplified owing to the relation of nonlinear refraction with square of local field and historical evolution of the optical bistability.
Exciton polaritons in mixed-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides heterostructures
Authors: Zhang Qing , Dong Shaohua , Cao Guangtao , Hu Guangwei
Published: June 2020

Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) promise advanced optoelectronic applications thanks to their visible or near-infrared and layer-dependent bandgaps. Even more exciting phenomena happen via stacking the TMDs to form the vertical heterostructures, such as the exotic interlayer excitons in atomically rearranged bilayer TMDs, as the result of the tunable interlayer hopping of two monolayers. So far, those literature studies focus on either two-dimensional (2D) TMDs or the layered bulky three-dimensional (3D) TMDs. The mixed-dimensional TMDs remain a fundamental yet not fully appreciated curiosity. In this Letter, we have theoretically and numerically investigated the exciton polaritons in such a hybrid system composed by the nanostructured layered (3D) and monolayer (2D) TMDs. The strong coupling has been observed of the lattice mode in high index patterned 3D TMDs and exciton from the direct bandgaps of the 2D TMDs, with the tunable Rabi splitting by geometrically shaping the 3D TMDs. We believe that our mixed-dimensional system with the novel stacks of 2D/3D van der Waals heterostructures may allow for controlling the exciton transport for advanced quantum, polaritonic, and optoelectronic devices.
Temporal dependency in the picosecond regime of laser damage growth
Authors: Ollé Alexandre , Diop Saaxewer , Roquin Nadja , Gallais Laurent , Lamaignère Laurent
Published: June 2020

Based on squared top-hat beam irradiations, we investigate how a change of the pulse duration in the picosecond regime affects the phenomenon of laser damage growth on dielectric mirrors. We first confirm two major previously reported experimental results with a Gaussian beam that are the existence of a growth threshold fluence smaller than the laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) and the linear evolution, characterized by a growth coefficient, of the damage area with the number of irradiations when growth occurs. We then express the growth coefficient with the fluence and the growth threshold in particular. Changing the pulse duration ultimately allows us to refine this expression a step further which leads us to establish an empirical growth law for the damage area. The temporal dependency displayed within this law appears to be very close to the one found for the LIDT which evidences the deterministic nature of laser damage growth in short pulse regimes.
Some features of the self-imaging effect in holography
Authors: Ismanov Y. Kh.
Published: June 2020

This article depicts a general case of recording a grating hologram, with the distance between the object and the hologram being arbitrarily chosen. The universality of this approach does not exclude the possibility of restoring the imaginary and real images of the grating and their self-image sequences. In the case under consideration, restoring the hologram of the grating results in the reconstruction of both imaginary and real grating images and the sequences of their self-images in ± 1st diffraction orders. An important feature of reconstructing a grating hologram is that the self-image sequences for both imaginary and real images extend to the real image area. The ratios derived in the article also show that the restoration of the grating self-image sequences occurs in the 0-th diffraction order.
Birth shock! What role might arts engagement have to play in antenatal and postnatal care?
Authors: Hogan Susan
Published: June 2020

This article shares research findings for an Arts and Humanities Research Council project called The Birth Project (grant ref. AH/K003364/1). The Birth Project has been particularly interested to explore women’s personal experience of birth and the transition to motherhood using the arts, within a participatory arts framework. It ran experiential art-based groups for mothers and a further group for birthing professionals, each over a twelve-week period to solicit in-depth qualitative data. An innovative aspect of this endeavour has been the use of film as research data, as a means of answering the research questions (through selective editing) and as the primary mode of dissemination of the research results. Results elaborated and summarized here explore the ways women and birthing professionals found the intervention useful. The project analyses the distinctive contribution of the arts and concludes that arts engagement can play a vital role in both antenatal and postnatal care.
Missão de formação na Biblioteca da Universidade Pedagógica de Cracóvia
Authors: Miguéis Ana Eva
Published: June 2020

A Universidade de Coimbra promove a mobilidade do pessoal para fins de formação, através do programa Erasmus. Dessas experiências resulta a realização de atividades de formação em instituições europeias ou em empresas localizadas num dos países participantes no Programa. No âmbito deste programa realizou-se uma missão de formação na Biblioteca Central da Universidade Pedagógica de Cracóvia (Polónia), em março de 2016. A visita em apreço surgiu após um convite desta entidade à Universidade de Coimbra, propondo uma colaboração entre as duas instituições.No texto que se apresenta dão-se a conhecer os pontos mais significativos da visita. Num outro plano, compara-se a realidade das duas instituições. No final procede-se a uma breve análise desta formação envolvendo um conjunto de iniciativas a aplicar no local de trabalho.
Livros e Bibliotecas: encontros (in)dispensáveis no processo de aprendizagem?
Authors: Alarcão Madalena
Published: June 2020

O presente artigo foca-se na importância dos livros, e de uma leitura reflexiva, no processo de aprendizagem e na qualidade da formação do estudante universitário.Interroga-se sobre como pode a Universidade estimular caminhos de aprendizagem em que os estudantes sentem necessidade de ler livros e de frequentar bibliotecas. Se os docentes podem, nesta matéria, ser importantes modeladores do comportamento dos estudantes, também os bibliotecários, enquanto “curadores de informação” e “conselheiros de procedimentos” têm um papel muito relevante na promoção de sessões de consulta de bases de dados e utilização de sistemas de referenciação e escrita científica.
Joaquim de Carvalho: o clerc universitário
Authors: De Carvalho Paulo Archer
Published: June 2020

Professor, bibliotecário, bibliólogo, editor universitário, Joaquim de Carvalho (1892-1958) é investigador e autor pioneiro, entre nós, de uma historiografia cultural de matriz filosófica e da história das ideias, tal como a esboçaram Windelband e Dilthey no ocaso e na transição do século XIX e se praticara, com Collingwood, na primeira metade do século XX. No fulcro dessa longa duração que sinaliza afinal a viragem para a agonia eurocêntrica e durante a qual a intelectualidade europeia mais se cindiu sobre o seu próprio estatuto – arguição cuja peça-chave é o célebre manifesto polémico La Trahison des clercs, de Julian Benda – Joaquim de Carvalho patenteou o paradigma do clerc secular: Ou, se quisermos, do universitário que, avançando na episteme espinosiana, apenas se subjuga à sua própria consciência e que, à maneira kantiana, da sua livre ética da responsabilidade transforma em dever deontológico.
Eis Bocage…
Authors: Pires Daniel
Published: June 2020

Este pequeno texto pretende assinalar a realização pela Biblioteca Geral da Universidade de duas exposições acerca de Bocage: uma nos 250 anos do seu nascimento (Sala do Catálogo, 28 de abril a 29 de maio de 2015) e outra na Biblioteca Joanina (23 de janeiro a 4 de março 2017), pensada para um público internacional.
Adenda mas não Corrigenda ao catálogo “Sócios portugueses da RSL”
Authors: Do Amaral A. E. Maia
Published: June 2020

O nome de Gaspar de Meres (de Sousa), na qualidade de sócio da Royal Society de Londres, não foi lembrado no catálogo de uma exposição realizada pela Biblioteca Geral, em 2010. Este apontamento visa colmatar essa falta e passar em revista os critérios usados naquela ocasião.
Evaluation of two fixation techniques for direct observation of biofilm formation of Bacillus subtilis in situ, on Congo red agar, using scanning electron microscopy
Authors: Jebril Nadia Mahmoud Tawfiq
Published: June 2020

Background and Aim: Direct observation, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is a common method used for the observations of biofilms. N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N'-ethylcarbodiimide) (EDC) fixation method has proven to be a valuable fixation method in the observation of these biofilms. Still, it entails a method of biofilm fixation that can damage slim structures, leading to the impossible observation of biofilm development. In contrast, alcian blue and lysine (ABL) fixation technique appears more glycocalyx of biofilm, fully preserved samples, which may provide much insight into the development of B. subtilis biofilms. Materials and Methods: Here, the evaluation of the fixation of ABL technique for the study of B. subtilis biofilms was carried out in situ, on Congo red agar. In doing so, the comparison to commonly use conventional EDC technique for sample fixation, and observation was carried out. Observations were based on SEM over 30 samples. Results: Overall, ABL technique provided excellent observation of biofilms formed in situ, on Congo red agar, and revealed slime structures, which have not been observed, much in standard EDC fixation or earlier in other studies of these biofilms in B. subtilis. Conclusion: This study reported the appropriate use of ABL in the fixation technique for the preservation of biofilm of B. subtilis.
Estudos Linguísticos, humor, política e ensino de Língua
Authors: Possenti Sírio
Published: June 2020

Nesta entrevista, o linguista e professor Sírio Possenti aborda alguns dos temas a que se dedica em suas pesquisas, nos apresentando as contribuições que outros campos de estudo trouxeram para os estudos linguísticos, como aquelas provenientes da Filosofia. Ele também trata das relações entre o humor, a mídia e a política, de uma perspectiva discursiva, e finaliza discutindo a importância dos conhecimentos científicos sobre a língua e a linguagem para o ensino de língua portuguesa no Brasil.
Evaluación de la calidad de suelos en agroecosistemas de Colombia a través de la selección de un conjunto mínimo de datos
Authors: Vallejo Quintero Victoria Eugenia , Afanador-Barajas Laura Natali , Coca Peña Dainer Andrés , Vargas Giraldo Andrés Felipe , Bautista Murcia María Fernanda , Mendoza Hernández Angélica
Published: June 2020

El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar la calidad de suelos mediante índices de calidad constituidos por tres conjuntos mínimos de datos (tres, cinco y seis indicadores), en cinco agroecosistemas con cultivo de café (Coffea arabica) orgánico, guatila o chayote (Sechium edule), policultivo (Anthurium andraeanum, Manihot esculenta, Musa balbisiana o Zea mays), pastizal convencional (Pennisetum clandestinum y Cynodon dactylon) y Guaduales (Guadua angustifolia), en el municipio de Cachipay (Cundinamarca). Durante el muestreo se seleccionaron aleatoriamente dos áreas representativas para cada agroecosistema y se delimitaron dos cuadrantes (2.5 × 2.5 m) de los que se tomaron dos muestras compuestas de suelo (20 submuestras; profundidad de 0-15 cm). Se evidenció que independiente del conjunto mínimo de datos empleado, los menores índices de calidad de suelos lo presentaron el pastizal convencional y el cultivo de guatila. Los valores mayores del índice de calidad correspondieron al policultivo, guaduales y cultivo de café. Se concluye que el uso de variables como la densidad aparente, el índice de estabilidad, el pH, la actividad deshidrogenasa, el recuento de heterótrofos y las bacterias solubilizadoras de fosfato son indicadores relevantes que permiten evaluar adecuadamente la calidad edáfica en agroecosistemas.
Reverse logistics performance measures: a survey of Brazilian companies
Authors: Chaves Gisele de Lorena Diniz , Giuriatto Naiara Tomazelli , Ferreira Karine Araujo
Published: June 2020

Goal: The purpose of this research was to determine the most frequently used performance measures for the evaluation of reverse logistics in Brazilian companies. Furthermore, we sought to verify whether a correlation exists between certain performance measure dimensions (cost, asset management, customer service, and productivity), company size (micro, small, medium, and large), and their sectors of the economy.

Design/Methodology/Approach: A survey of 125 Brazilian companies from different industrial sectors was conducted. Hypothesis testing allows carrying out inferences about population parameters, and the results indicate the acceptance or rejection of the hypothesis formulated.

Results: This study presents a list of measures for the assessment of reverse logistics in different industrial segments, evidencing the major performance measures used. According to statistical analysis, large-sized companies are those that most frequently adopt performance measures to assess reverse logistics in Brazil. However, no correlation was verified between the performance measure dimensions evaluated and the sectors of the economy.

Limitations of investigation: This study could not conclude about the maturity level of performance measurement in the investigated companies. The results presented are the first step towards reverse logistics performance measurement and more complementary studies are necessary.

Practical implications: This paper presents a list of performance measures for reverse logistics assessment. This information could support decision making as it provides a possibility of analyzing the choice of the best measures.

Originality/value: The main contribution of this paper is related to the scarcity of reverse logistics metrics in the literature. As an exploratory study, it could be used to improve the reverse logistics performance measurement studies and practice.
Security against the State in Revolutionary Yemen
Authors: Porter Ross
Published: June 2020

What does security look like when it is deployed against rather than by the state? Focusing on the 2011 revolution in Yemen, this essay hints at a number of ways in which the revolutionaries sought to outwit the machinations of state securitization by taking security into their own hands.
Nested (In)Securities: Commodity and Currency Circuits in an Iran under Sanctions
Authors: Yıldız Emrah
Published: June 2020

This essay uses a conversation with an Iranian interlocutor to explore the political economy of Iranian sanctions and the creative improvisations they produce on dynamic economic grounds—characterized by an increasingly soft and devaluing national currency, the Iranian rial. It reveals how various (in)securities tied to monetary transactions, particularly those conducted with the “outside world,” come to nest within one another in an Iran under sanctions.
The Spy Who Came In from the South
Authors: Li Darryl
Published: June 2020

Dominant imaginaries of espionage presume that all states surveil their populations but that only the powerful ones can play the “great game” of spying outside their borders. How, then, does a poor postcolonial state spy abroad? Drawing on an ethnography of Arab migrants and jihad fighters in Bosnia and Herzegovina, this essay suggests one answer: powerful states have their spies pose as diplomats, while weak ones exploit their diasporas. This realization takes one step toward demystifying and de-exceptionalizing state intelligence apparatuses and understanding them as socially embedded institutions.
Introducing of some species of genus Allium subgenus Melanocrommyum from Iran as new sources of allicin
Authors: ZARE MEHRJERDI Mahboobeh , MORIDI FARIMANI Mahdi , ABBAS MOHAMMADI Mahdi , REZAEI Jalal
Published: June 2020

Allicin is a sulfur compound found in genus Allium characterized by numerous biological and pharmacological properties. Melanocrommyum, the second largest subgenus of Allium, has about 10 sections and 82 species in Iran. In this study, allicin content of aerial part, aerial part fresh mass and allicin yield belonging to 17 wild populations of six species of Allium sect. Acanthoprason and Asteroprason growing in different region of Iran, were analyzed. Allicin content evaluation using HPLC method showed its variation between populations from 26.98 to 58.11 mg g-1 FW, also showing that all the tested populations of Allium are rich in allicin. The average of aerial part fresh mass and allicin yield varied between populations from 0.49 g to 1.66 g and from 14 mg to 78 mg, respectively. The populations were classified in four major groups using dendrogram generated by UPGMA method of cluster analysis. However, grouping of populations was not completely related to species and geographical regions. This study is the first evaluation of allicin content in wild populations of Allium sect. Acanthoprason and Asteroprason in Iran. High amount of allicin in these populations make them a new sources of allicin.
Seasonal incidence and bionomics of rose aphid, Macrosiphum rosae (Linnaeus, 1758), (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in Kashmir, India
Authors: YOUSUF Insha , BUHROO Abdul A.
Published: June 2020

Rose is the principal flower of the world floriculture industry that is being exclusively used as cut flower, potted plant and garden plant. It plays significant part in numerous industries viz. food, perfumery and cosmetic industries. About 96 % of women’s perfumes contain true Bulgarian rose oil. Roses are well acclimatized in Jammu & Kashmir because of its suitable agro climatic conditions which can permit its large scale production and rose products produced in the state are at par with the international standards. But the aesthetic and commercial value of roses is greatly lowered by numerous insect pests resulting in low yield. However, its major pest include aphid species most notoriously Macrosiphum rosae that pose many challenges and threats to rose plant cultivation. Aphid colonies on roses result in reduction of medical value of the plant and cause economic losses to growers particularly during spring and summer season. In order to reduce the economic losses inflicted by rose aphid, it is necessary to study different biological parameters of this pest species so that an effective management plan can be formulated.
Correlation and path coefficient analysis among agro-morphological and biochemical traits of okra [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench] genotypes in Ethiopia
Authors: MOHAMMED Jemal , MOHAMMED Wassu , SHIFERAW Eleni
Published: June 2020

Thirty six okra genotypes were evaluated for different agro-morphological and biochemical traits at Melkassa Agricultural Research Center, Ethiopia during 2018 main season using 6 x 6 simple lattice design. The objectives were to assess the correlation of agro-morphological and biochemical traits with fruit yield and to partition the correlation in to direct and indirect effects through path analysis. The genotypic correlation was positive and significant for fruit yield per hectare with stem diameter, plant height, leaf length, leaf width, peduncle length, fruit length, fresh fruit mass, hundred seed mass, seed yield per hectare and ash content. The phenotypic correlation was positive and significant for fruit yield per hectare with stem diameter, plant height, number of branches, leaf length, leaf width, peduncle length, fruit length, fresh fruit mass, number of fruits per plant, hundred seed mass, seed yield per hectare, ash, fat and protein content. Path coefficient analysis indicated fresh fruit mass and seed yield per hectare had positive direct effects on fruit yield per hectare at phenotypic and genotypic levels. These traits also exerted high to low positive indirect effects through other traits on fruit yield at genotypic and phenotypic level. In conclusion, this study showed the presence of association of traits with fruit yield indicating that the prime importance of these traits while selecting higher yield okra genotypes.
Effect of foliar or soil application of selenium on some morphological and physiological traits of garden pansy (Viola x wittrockiana Gams) grown under salinity stress
Authors: JAVADI Farima , KALATEJARI Sepideh , DIYANAT Marjan
Published: June 2020

Salinity stress is one of the most important plant stresses in Iran. In this regard, a factorial experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of salinity stress on the garden pansy. The investigated factors were containing sodium selenate (0, 2, 4 and 8 mg l-1), its method of application (foliar and soil applications) and salinity stress (0, 3 and 6 dS m-1). The obtained results indicated that salinity leads to the significant reduction in morphological traits, chlorophyll a and b contents. Under the salinity of 6 dS m-1, when sodium selenate was used in the soil, the fresh and dry mass of flower increased by 11.34 and 10.39 %, respectively, compared to the control. However, the use of sodium selenate by foliar application led to the increasing fresh and dry mass of garden pansy’s flower by 25.10 and 25.41 %, respectively. Also, the content of chlorophyll a increased by 12.93 % under the salinity of 6 dS m-1 with applying 8 mg l-1sodium selenate compared to the case of non-application. The superoxide dismutase activity decreased by 26.13 % compared to the non-sodium selenate usage treatment. In conclusion the foliar application of sodium selenate at the concentraion of 8 mg l-1 resulted in the garden pansy’s growth improvement.
Comparison study of flaxseed, cinnamon and lemon seed essential oils additives on quality and fermentation characteristics of lucerne silage
Authors: BESHARATI Maghsoud , PALANGI Valiollah , NIAZIFAR Masomeh , NEMATI Zabihollah
Published: June 2020

This experiment was performed to investigate the effects of some essential oils on chemical properties and aerobic stability of lucerne silage. Treatments included lucerne silage without additives (control), lucerne silage with 60 mg cinnamon essential oil/kg, lucerne silage with 60 mg flaxseed essential oil/kg, lucerne silage with 60 mg lemon seed essential oil/kg, lucerne silage with 180 mg blend of essential oils (60 mg cinnamon + 60 mg flaxseed + 60 mg lemon seed essential oils/kg). Adding essential oils to lucerne silage reduced silage pH (p < 0.001) compared to control. The highest level of total volatile fatty acids (tVFA) was found when lemon seed essential oil and the lowest level when flaxseed essential oil was used. The lucerne silages treated with essential oils had the highest crude protein contents (p < 0.01). Untreated lucerne silage had the highest level of gas production compared to lucerne silage treated with lemon seed and flaxseed essential oils (p < 0.01). The essential oil additives increased the aerobic stability of the silage. It can be concluded that the use of essential oil additive in the preparation of high quality lucerne silage, can improves the quality and nutritive value of silages.
Influence of edaphoclimatic conditions on stem production and stem morphological characteristics of 10 European hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) varieties
Authors: FLAJŠMAN Marko , KOCJAN AČKO Darja
Published: June 2020

Six dioecious (Antal, KC Dóra, Kompolti hibrid TC, Monoica, Tiborszallasi and Tisza) and four monoecious (Fedora 17, Futura 75, Santhica 27 and USO 31) European hemp varieties were sown at a density of 300 viable seeds per m2 and a row spacing of 12.5 cm in a three-year field trial (2017-2019) to evaluate the yield of the stems (fresh and dry) and some other biometric characteristics of the stems. No pesticides were used during plant growth to suppress weeds, diseases and pests. The highest yield of fresh and dry stems was achieved by the variety Antal with 12.3 t ha-1 and 5.3 t ha-1, respectively, followed by the varieties Futura 75 and Tiborszallasi. The lowest yields of fresh and dry stems were recorded for the monecious variety USO 31 (6.0 and 2.6 t ha-1). In general, dioecious varieties had higher and thicker stems than monoecious varieties. The year of production had a highly significant impact on all variables, in particular on the proportion of weed biomass, which was the highest in 2019 (77.2 %), when weather conditions were most unfavourable for hemp cultivation. The correlation analysis between fresh/dry stem yields and weed biomass was highly negative (-0.85 and -0.83) and strongly statistically significant (p < 0.001), indicating the issue related to weed management.
Activity of Vienna Terezianum and Theodor Kravina on the field of economics and agronomy
Authors: MAČEK Jože
Published: June 2020

Theodor Kravina von Kronstein (1720-1789) was born in Slovenska Bistrica. As jesuit he became prefect and later rector of Vienna Military Academy, later general Academy Theresianum. The contribution deals with his work entitled Entwurf der oekonomischen Kenntnisse, published in 1773 representing systematic outline of economic sciences, tought at Theresianumu. It was predominantly about practical expertises in knowing the soil, plants, minerals and raw materials and techniques of their processing into final products. In this published monography Kravina described also the »Economic garden«, school agricultural enterprise and mineral collections, which all improved significantly under his leadership the quality of schooling process.
Javanese Karawitan Extracurricular Learning In Elementary School Waluyorejo Puring Kebumen
Authors: Abie Tian Faoztina , Widodo Widodo , Wiyoso Joko
Published: June 2020

Javanese Karawitan is a type of traditional music that is rarely used as extracurricular subjects in formal educational institutions. However, Sekolah Dasar (SD) Negeri 1 Waluyorejo, Puring District, Kebumen Regency, teaches Javanese music to extracurricular activities in the arts. The research method used was descriptive qualitative method. The data were obtained through observation techniques, interviews, and documentation. The results of the study were karawitan Jawa extracurricular at SD Negeri 1 Waluyorejo held three times a week. Javanese musical extracurricular learning is divided into two activities, namely routine and incidental learning. Provision of material from meetings 1 to 4, namely, (1) Gending Lancaran Gugur Gunung materials; (2) gending Lancaran Kebo Giro and Kebumen Binuko materials; (3) incorporation and application of training methods for nayaga and penggerong; (4) stabilization of nayaga and penggerong in playing the music and vocal Lancaran Kebo Giro and Kebumen Binuko materials which have been studied. Supporting factors are, (1) learning components that are mutually sustainable; (2) the moral support of the principal; and (3) the teachers and teams competence who are competent in their fields. The inhibiting factors are, (1) student interest still low in traditional arts; (2) teacher activities that conflict with practice scedule.