bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
INTERLEUKIN 1A GENE POLYMORPHISMS IN ROMANIAN PATIENTS WITH SERONEGATIVE SPONDYLOARTHROPATHIES
Authors:   Department of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University, Bucharest, Romania, Cherciu Laura Ioana , Cherciu Marius ,   Department of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University, Bucharest, Romania, Popa Luis Ovidiu ,   Molecular Biology Department, Grigore Antipa National Museum of Natural History, Bucharest, Romania, Bojinca Mihai ,   Department of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University, Dr. Ion Cantacuzino Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Dutescu Monica Irina ,   Prof. Dr. C.T. Nicolau National Institute of Blood Transfusion, Bucharest, Romania, Bojinca Violeta ,   Department of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University, Sf. Maria Hospital Bucharest, Romania, Bara Constantin ,   Department of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University, Bucharest, Romania, Popa Olivia Mihaela ,   Department of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University, Bucharest, Romania
Published: August 2021

Objective. The aim of this study was to investigate whether two IL1A gene polymorphisms, rs17561 and rs1800587, influence disease susceptibility for seronegative spondyloarthropathies (SpA) in Romanians. Subsequently, we analysed separately ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA) subgroups in relation with the two IL1A gene variants. Methods. The study included 240 SpA patients (140 AS and 100 PsA patients) and 160 healthy controls. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to genotype the two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Allele, genotype and haplotype frequencies of each SNP were compared between SpA patients and controls and also between AS and PsA cohorts and controls. The PLINK 1.9 software package was used to assess the potential associations; p values ≤ 0.05 were considered significant. Results. The minor allele T frequency for rs17561 polymorphism was similar in general SpA cohort (31.4%) compared with controls (32.8%), the statistical analyses confirming the lack of association (p=0.67). Almost identical results were found for rs1800587: minor allele T frequency was 29.1% in SpA patients and 29.7% in controls (p=0.85). The same pattern persisted for the separate analysis of HLA-B27 positive SpA patients or AS and PsA cases against controls. Conclusions. The IL1A gene polymorphisms (rs17561 and rs1800587) do not influence the disease predisposition for seronegative spondyloarthropathies in general, nor for ankylosing spondylitis and psoriatic arthritis in particular, in Romanians.
ATYPICAL PRESENTATION IN A CASE OF GRANULOMATOSIS WITH POLYANGIITIS
Authors:   Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Capusa Cristina ,   Dr. Carol Davila Teaching Hospital of Nephrology, Bucharest, Romania, Mehedinti Ana-Maria ,   Dr. Carol Davila Teaching Hospital of Nephrology, Bucharest, Romania, Toma Claudia ,   Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania,   Marius Nasta Institute of Pneumology, Bucharest, Romania, Bojinca Violeta ,   Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania,   Sf. Maria Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
Published: August 2021

Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) is part of the anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) associated vasculitis, mostly being ANCA-c (anti proteinase 3) positive. Primarily it involves the upper respiratory tract and kidneys having an increased mortality in the absence of early diagnosis and correct treatment. The most common renal involvement is pauci-immune crescentic glomerulonephritis. We present the case of a patient with GPA with a particular onset of interstitial nephritis, possible by vasa recta vasculitis, in the absence of glomerulonephritis.
NEURO-BEHÇET’S DISEASE ONSET – A DIAGNOSTIC CHALLENGE
Authors:   Internal Medicine and Rheumatology Department, Sf. Maria Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Buzatu Casandra , Daia Sanziana ,   Internal Medicine and Rheumatology Department, Sf. Maria Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Ionescu Ruxandra ,   Internal Medicine and Rheumatology Department, Sf. Maria Clinical Hospital, Bucharest,   Internal Medicine and Rheumatology Department, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest
Published: August 2021

We are presenting the case of a 51 years old female diagnosed with Neuro-Behçet’s disease, undergoing immunosuppression and corticoid therapy in the present. The onset was with recurrent oral ulcerations. Neurological manifestations progressed rapidly from paresthesia in the upper and lower limbs to corset-like hypoesthesia of the abdominal wall and sphincterian incontinence. MRI of the spinal cord showed Transverse Myelitis.
THE ASSOCIATION OF ERAP2 GENE POLYMORPHISMS WITH SERONEGATIVE SPONDYLOARTHROPATHIES IN HLA-B27 NEGATIVE ROMANIANS
Authors:   Department of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Cherciu Laura Ioana , Cherciu Marius ,   Department of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Popa Luis Ovidiu ,   Molecular Biology Department, Grigore Antipa National Museum of Natural History, Bucharest, Romania, Bojinca Mihai ,   Department of Rheumatology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, I.C. Cantacuzino Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Dutescu Monica Irina ,   Prof. Dr. C. T. Nicolau National Institute of Blood Transfusion, Bucharest, Romania, Bojinca Violeta ,   Department of Rheumatology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Sf. Maria Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Bara Constantin ,   Department of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Popa Olivia Mihaela ,   Department of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
Published: August 2021

Objective. Our aim was to investigate whether two ERAP2 single nucleotide polymorphisms (rs2910686 and rs2248374) influence spondyloarthritis (SpA) susceptibility in Romanians. Methods. The case control study included 139 controls and 192 SpA patients. The two polymorphisms were genotyped by real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The association tests for allele, genotype and haplotype frequencies for each polymorphism were performed with PLINK 1.9. Results. The genotypes and allele frequencies of the two SNPs in general SpA group vs. controls showed no association except for a possible marginal one for the minor allele A of rs2248374 (p = 0.08). In HLA-B27 negative SpA cohort the minor allele (A) frequency (55.4%) of SNP rs2248374 was significantly higher than the one in HLA-B27 controls (44.5%) (p = 0.012). HLA-B27 negative carriers of minor allele A present a higher risk of developing SpA (p = 0.015). Also for the second ERAP2 gene variant investigated (rs2910686) the minor allele T frequency was significantly higher (46.5%) in HLA-B27 negative SPA patients when compared with HLA-B27 negative controls (36%) (p = 0.02). The haplotype of the minor alleles (AC) is a risk factor for HLA-B27 negative SpA (p = 0.019), while the haplotype of the major alleles (GT) is a protective one against the disease in HLA-B27 negative cohorts (p = 0.009). Conclusions. Both ERAP2 gene polymorphisms investigated, especially rs2248374, influence SpA susceptibility, but this influence is limited only to the HLA-B27 negative individuals.
ACUTE RENAL FAILURE – REVEALING MANIFESTATION OF AN AUTOIMMUNE CONDITION
Authors:   Rheumatology Department, 2nd Internal Medicine Clinic, Sf. Apostol Andrei Emergency Clinical County Hospital, Constanta, Andronache Iulia , Suta Cristina ,   Rheumatology Department, 2nd Internal Medicine Clinic, Sf. Apostol Andrei Emergency Clinical County Hospital, Constanta,   3rd Department, Ist Clinical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine, Ovidius University, Constanta, Ciocodei Sabina ,   Rheumatology Department, 2nd Internal Medicine Clinic, Sf. Apostol Andrei Emergency Clinical County Hospital, Constanta, Tuta Liliana ,   3rd Department, Ist Clinical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine, Ovidius University, Constanta,   Nephrology Clinic, Sf. Apostol Andrei Emergency Clinical County Hospital, Constanta, Suta Maria ,   Rheumatology Department, 2nd Internal Medicine Clinic, Sf. Apostol Andrei Emergency Clinical County Hospital, Constanta,   3rd Department, Ist Clinical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine, Ovidius University, Constanta
Published: August 2021

Scleroderma renal crisis is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in systemic sclerosis patients, occurring in about 5-10% of the cases. It is seen mostly early in the progression of the disease, about 75% of the scleroderma renal crises affecting the patients in their first 4 years since the onset of the disease. We present the case of a 62 year old woman who was admitted in our clinic for oliguria, edema, an important elevation of the kidney function tests, arterial hypertension and severe anemia. Immunological tests showed intensely positive antinuclear antibodies with positive anti RNA polymerase III antibodies. She was diagnosed with systemic sclerosis according to ACR/EULAR 2013 criteria and scleroderma renal crisis. Specific therapy was started along with hemodialysis imposed by the progression of the kidney failure.
EFFECT OF EDEM1 OVEREXPRESSION ON THE GENERATION AND ASSEMBLY OF MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEXES
Authors:   Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry of Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania, Circiumaru Alexandra ,   Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, Dr. I. Cantacuzino Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Chiritoiu Gabriela ,   Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry of Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania, Sima Livia ,   Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry of Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania, Bojinca Mihai ,   Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, Dr. I. Cantacuzino Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Petrescu Stefana ,   Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry of Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania
Published: August 2021

Background. A better understanding of the role of endoplasmic reticulum degradation-enhancing alpha-mannosidase – like protein 1 (EDEM1) in endoplasmic reticulum associated degradation (ERAD) may open new therapeutic approaches in autoimmune diseases. Aim. To study ERAD and EDEM1 in the generation and assembly of MHC I and the potential role in the pathophysiology of autoimmune diseases. Materials and methods. HEK293T cell line (human embrionic kidney cells), A375 cell line (amelanotic melanoma cells) and THP-1 cell line (leukemic monocytes used both as undifferentiated and differentiated) underwent transient transfection with EDEM1 and mock transfection with pTriEx. Western blot experiments assessed the total cellular MHC I levels in cell lysates, while expression on the cellular surface was quantified by flow cytometry of fixed cells. Results were analysed using the FACS Calibur and CellQuest Pro dedicated software. Experiments were done twice with duplicate probes for the Western blot assay and triplicate probes were used for flow cytometry. GraphPad Prism was used for data analysis. Results. MHC I plasma membrane routing and expression was similar in HEK293T and A375 both in mock transfected and non-transfected cells. Western blot assay for EDEM1 transfected cells showed bands corresponding to the total MHC I that migrated at 42kDa mass in non-transfected and mock transfected Hek293T, A375 and undifferentiated THP-1 cells. Mock transfected differentiated THP-1 cells showed a reduction of total MHC I. EDEM1 transfected Hek293T, A375 and undifferentiated THP-1 cells displayed higher levels of total MHC I, while differentiated THP-1 cells showed a marked reduction. Flow cytometry assay showed significantly reduced cell surface MHC I levels in Hek293T cell line. We observed a modest reduction of MHC I complexes on the cellular surface in undifferentiated THP-1 EDEM1 transfected cells, while there was no significant change in the A375 EDEM1 transfected cell line, as well as the differentiated THP-1 EDEM1 transfected cells. Conclusion. The impact of ERAD’s EDEM1 in MHC I reduction may have an important role in autoimmune disease, making ERAD an interesting therapeutic target.
COLCHICINE IS ASSOCIATED WITH LOWER CARDIOVASCULAR MORBIDITY IN GOUT
Authors:   Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Popescu Claudiu ,   Dr. Ion Stoia Clinical Center for Rheumatic Diseases, Bucharest, Romania, Abukar Warda ,   Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Hutan Alexandra ,   Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania,   Sfanta Maria Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Predeteanu Denisa ,   Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania,   Sfanta Maria Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
Published: August 2021

Objective. This exploratory study aimes at comparing Romanian gout patients with or without colchicine treatment in order to determine if colchicine is associated with a lower cardiovascular morbidity. Methods. The study was cross-sectionally designed to include all the patients randomly admitted to the hospital between January and July 2015 and discharged with a diagnosis of idiopathic gout according to their attending physicians. The clinical observation sheets served as retrospective sources of information regarding study variables (demographics, addictive behavior, gout phenotype and treatment, cardiovascular morbidity). Data analysis included non-parametric tests and binary logistic regressions (significant if p < 0.05). Results. The sample included 96 subjects, predominantly men (77.1%), with a mean age of 62.7 years. 60 (62.5%) subjects received colchicine. Compared to patients who didn‘t receive colchicine, they had a significantly lower prevalence of ischemic heart disease, chronic heart failure and atherosclerosis (p < 0.05). Colchicine was a significant protective factor for atherosclerosis (OR = 0.243; 95% CI: 0.076-0.784). Conclusions. Primary and secondary cardiovascular prevention may benefit from low doses of colchicine. Further prospective blind randomized clinical trials are needed to test these hypotheses.
PAGET’S DISEASE OF THE BONE: AN UNUSUAL CAUSE OF LOW BACK PAIN IN AN ADULT MALE
Authors:   Rheumatology 2 Department, Clinical Rehabilitation Hospital, Iasi, Romania, Resmerita Iulian , Pomirleanu Cristina ,   Rheumatology 2 Department, Clinical Rehabilitation Hospital, Iasi, Romania,   Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania, Ancuta Codrina ,   Rheumatology 2 Department, Clinical Rehabilitation Hospital, Iasi, Romania,   Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania
Published: August 2021

Paget’s disease of the bone (PDB) or osteitis deformans is a chronic metabolic bone disorder, characterized by focal increase in bone resorption, followed by a rapid and abnormal bone repair with a disorganized and excessive bone formation, leading to pain, bone deformities and, eventually, fractures. Although the exact etiology of the disease remains controversial, genetic background and environmental factors (viral infections) are typically involved in the complex pathobiology pathways of PDB. The diagnosis of PDB, subsequent classification in disease subtype (monostotic or polyostotic), activity and severity, and complications (fracture, deformities, osteoarthritis, secondary development of tumors, hearing loss, neural compression, high output congestive cardiac failure) are usually made using a sequence of a blood tests (biochemical markers of bone turnover, especially elevated serum alkaline phosphatase) and imaging (x-ray or bone scan). Bisphosphonates are widely used for the management aiming to reduce bone turnover, promote healing of osteolytic lesions and improve bone pain. We report the case of a polyostotic Paget’s disease of bone as an unusual case of low back pain.
Micro-CT analysis of socket preservation with β-TCP and PRF
Authors:   Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti, Călin Claudiu , Rochefort Gaël ,   Universitatea Paris Descartes, Paris, Franţa, Gălbinaşu Bogdan ,   Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti, Ciocan Lucian ,   Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti, Pătraşcu Ion ,   Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti
Published: August 2021

Aim. The aim of this preliminary study was to evaluate by micro-CT analysis the quantity of newly-formed bone tissue in post-extractional sockets within the rabbit maxilla after the application of β-TCP/ PRF or β-TCP only. Materials and methods. Two adult New Zealand Rabbits were used in this study (Oryctolagus cuniculus). After the extraction of the first premolar in the right hemi-maxilla, the sockets were treated with either β-TCP/ PRF or β-TCP only. After euthanising the laboratory animals at 60 days, the samples were prepared for micro-CT analysis. Results and conclusions. The mixture consisting of β-TCP/ PRF positively influenced the osseous healing in the post-extractional sockets leading to a greater amount of newly-formed bone tissue and trabecular architectonic.
The effect of antibacterial photodynamic therapy on dental biofilm in children
Authors:   Universitatea de Stat de Medicină şi Farmacie „Nicolae Testemiţanu“, Chişinău, Republica Moldova, Spinei Aurelia
Published: August 2021

Aim was to evaluate the effect of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy on dental biofilm properties at high caries risk children. Material and methods. The study included 636 children with severe diseases of the central nervous system and high caries risk caused by increased activity of cariogenic dental biofilm. Prediction of dental caries and the complex assessment of caries risk was carried out through Cariogram software. The sensitivity of microbial strains from dental biofilm was studied through APDT action by determining the total number of bacteria in 1 g of dental biofilm (TNB/g). Identification of bacteria from samples of dental biofilm was realized using GPI card of automatically system Vitek 2. Results. The obtained data have shown that APDT application followed by administration of probiotics, influences the properties of cariogenic dental biofilm in children: by reducing with 1.07 log 10 CFU/g (t=12.72, p<0.001) of TNB/g, microbial modification of dental biofilm picture characterized by the decrease number of Streptococcus mutans 4.90 times (t=9.68, p<0.001) and 2.80 times of Streptococcus sobrinus (t=4.87, p<0.001) in 1 g of dental biofilm simultaneously with the grouth of Streptococcus salivarius 2.49 times (t=8.38, p<0.001) and 5.25 times the Streptococcus sanguinis (t=-3.18, p<0.01), reduction of aggressive combination of bacteria and acid producing – the dental’s biofilm pH increased 1.14 times (t=-19.36, p<0.001). This has increased chances of avoiding the emergence of new carious cavities 1.79 times (t=-39.39, p<0.001) in children with initially high and extreme caries risk. Conclusions. APDT application offers new opportunities in developing effective methods to prevent dental caries in high caries risk children, resulted from increased activity of cariogenic dental biofilm.
Posterior composites – a challenge for practitioners
Authors:   Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Iuliu Haţieganu“, Cluj-Napoca, Cândea Andreea , Condor Daniela ,   Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Iuliu Haţieganu“, Cluj-Napoca, Roman Alexandra ,   Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Iuliu Haţieganu“, Cluj-Napoca, Micu Cristina ,   Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Iuliu Haţieganu“, Cluj-Napoca, Şoancă Andrada ,   Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Iuliu Haţieganu“, Cluj-Napoca
Published: August 2021

Presently, at least half of posterior direct restorations rely on resin composite materials. The resin composite market is highly competitive between manufacturers providing practitioners with a vast choice from an array of similar product types. The aim of the present article is to provide practitioners an updated view on the resin composites presently available, which could represent the theoretical basis for choosing this material type for different clinical purposes mainly focused on restoring posterior teeth. A significant progress in the composition of resin composites is represented by the improvement of the filler system in order to enhance mechanical properties and remineralizing potential, as well as to provide a cariostatic or anti-bacterial effects. Some clinical factors play an important role in restoration longevity and causes of failure such as: the tooth type, the number of restored teeth per patient, the type of the substrate on which the composite is placed, some demographic, socioeconomic and behavioural variables of the patient. It is generally acknowledged that the operator ability is probably the most important factor in the longevity of a dental restoration. Placement of direct composite restorations (mostly in class II cavities) on posterior teeth rests a highly demanding restorative procedure. Technique-related aspects of posterior restorations rely on the knowledge and sufficient skills of the operator.
Introduction of e-learning prosthodontics platform. Part II
Authors:   Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti, Sandu Simona Andreea , Neamţu Călin Dan ,   Universitatea Tehnică, Cluj-Napoca, Grigorescu Sorin Dan ,   Universitatea Politehnica, Bucureşti
Published: August 2021

E-learning platforms have been introduced in the curricula of various prestigious universities, in recent years and becoming an auxiliary learning tool for traditional teaching methods. E-learning offers systematized access to speciality information in dental prosthetics field, being a method of continuous professional training. The e-learning strategy relies on the correlation between IT support, platform scientific content and user motivation. The finalization of the e-learning platform required the implementation of the components: technology, previously established, platform design and informational content. The clear concept of the platform offers the possibility of distributing specialized knowledges, constituting itself as a learning process. The platform design required an organized model, easy to access and to follow. The content of the platform is well structured, divided into courses, lessons, tests etc. The methods of information delivery are both interactive and self-evaluation.
Statistical study regarding the identification of premature occlusal contacts in patients with Angle class I and class II malocclusions
Authors:   Disciplina de Ortodonţie şi Ortopedie Dento-Facială, Facultatea de Medicină Dentară, Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti, Rădulescu Sergiu-Alexandru , Ionescu Ecaterina ,   Disciplina de Ortodonţie şi Ortopedie Dento-Facială, Facultatea de Medicină Dentară, Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti
Published: August 2021

Objective. In this study we tried to identify the premature occlusal contacts that are present in patients with Angle Class I and Class II malocclusions. Materials and method. For this study 60 patients with Angle Class I and Class II malocclusions were examined. Identification of premature occlusal contacts was made both clinically and with the help of study casts mounted in an adjustable articulator. Results and discussion. Based on the statistical analysis made in this study we noticed that for patients with Angle Class I malocclusion, premature occlusal contacts from protrusion on the working side are more common, they are present in 15 patients, than to those with Angle Class II malocclusion where they were identified in 13 patients. In right laterotrusive edge to edge position we noticed that there are premature occlusal contacts on the working side in 43.3% of patients with Angle Class I malocclusion, and 50% of patients with Angle Class II malocclusion. Conclusions. In protrusive and laterotrusive edge to edge position there are premature occlusal contacts both at Angle Class I malocclusion, and in Angle Class II malocclusion patients. For practical conclusions, it is necessary to carry out more studies on the identification of occlusal premature contacts, which may occur in people with malocclusion.
Non-Laboratory-Based Simple Screening Model for Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Developed Using Multi-Center Cohorts
Authors: Kim Jiwon , Lee Minyoung , Kim Soo Yeon , Kim Ji-Hye , Nam Ji Sun , Chun Sung Wan , Park Se Eun , Kim Kwang Joon , Lee Yong-ho , Nam Joo Young , Kang Eun Seok
Published: August 2021

Background: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most prevalent cause of chronic liver disease worldwide. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a risk factor that accelerates NAFLD progression, leading to fibrosis and cirrhosis. Thus, here we aimed to develop a simple model to predict the presence of NAFLD based on clinical parameters of patients with T2DM.Methods: A total of 698 patients with T2DM who visited five medical centers were included. NAFLD was evaluated using transient elastography. Univariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify potential contributors to NAFLD, followed by multivariable logistic regression analyses to create the final prediction model for NAFLD.Results: Two NAFLD prediction models were developed, with and without serum biomarker use. The non-laboratory model comprised six variables: age, sex, waist circumference, body mass index (BMI), dyslipidemia, and smoking status. For a cutoff value of ≥60, the prediction accuracy was 0.780 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.743 to 0.817). The second comprehensive model showed an improved discrimination ability of up to 0.815 (95% CI, 0.782 to 0.847) and comprised seven variables: age, sex, waist circumference, BMI, glycated hemoglobin, triglyceride, and alanine aminotransferase to aspartate aminotransferase ratio. Our non-laboratory model showed non-inferiority in the prediction of NAFLD versus previously established models, including serum parameters.Conclusion: The new models are simple and user-friendly screening methods that can identify individuals with T2DM who are at high-risk for NAFLD. Additional studies are warranted to validate these new models as useful predictive tools for NAFLD in clinicalpractice.
Lower High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Concentration Is Independently Associated with Greater Future Accumulation of Intra-Abdominal Fat
Authors: Song Sun Ok , Hwang You-Cheol , Ryu Han Uk , Kahn Steven E. , Leonetti Donna L. , Fujimoto Wilfred Y. , Boyko Edward J.
Published: August 2021

Background: Both intra-abdominal fat (IAF) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) are known to be associated with cardiometabolic health. We evaluated whether the accumulation of computed tomography (CT)-measured IAF over 5 years was related to baseline HDL-C concentration in a prospective cohort study.Methods: All participants were Japanese-Americans between the ages of 34 and 74 years. Plasma HDL-C concentration and CT measurements of IAF, abdominal subcutaneous fat (SCF), and thigh SCF cross-sectional areas were assessed at baseline and at 5-year follow-up visits.Results: A total of 397 subjects without diabetes were included. The mean±standard deviation HDL-C concentration was 51.6±13.0 mg/dL in men and 66.0±17.0 mg/dL in women, and the IAF was 91.9±48.4 cm2 in men and 63.1±39.5 cm2 in women. The baseline plasma concentration of HDL-C was inversely associated with the change in IAF over 5 years using multivariable regression analysis with adjustment for age, sex, family history of diabetes, weight change over 5 years, and baseline measurements of body mass index, IAF, abdominal SCF, abdominal circumference, thigh SCF, and homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance.Conclusion: These results demonstrate that HDL-C concentration significantly predicts future accumulation of IAF over 5 years independent of age, sex, insulin sensitivity, and body composition in Japanese-American men and women without diabetes.
Tetrahydrocurcumin Ameliorates Kidney Injury and High Systolic Blood Pressure in High-Fat Diet-Induced Type 2 Diabetic Mice
Authors: Sangartit Weerapon , Ha Kyung Bong , Lee Eun Soo , Kim Hong Min , Kukongviriyapan Upa , Lee Eun Young , Chung Choon Hee
Published: August 2021

Background: Activation of the intrarenal renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is implicated in the pathogenesis of kidney injury and hypertension. We aimed to investigate the protective effect of tetrahydrocurcumin (THU) on intrarenal RAS expression, kidney injury, and systolic blood pressure (SBP) in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced type 2 diabetic mice.Methods: Eight-week-old male mice were fed a regular diet (RD) or HFD for 12 weeks, and THU (50 or 100 mg/kg/day) was intragastrically administered with HFD. Physiological and metabolic changes were monitored and the expression of RAS components and markers of kidney injury were assessed.Results: HFD-fed mice exhibited hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, and dyslipidemia compared to those in the RD group (P<0.05). Kidney injury in these mice was indicated by an increase in the ratio of albumin to creatinine, glomerular hypertrophy, and the effacement of podocyte foot processes. Expression of intrarenal angiotensin-converting enzyme, angiotensin II type I receptor, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase-4, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 was also markedly increased in HFD-fed mice. HFD-fed mice exhibited elevated SBP that was accompanied by an increase in the wall thickness and vascular cross-sectional area (P<0.05), 12 weeks post-HFD consumption. Treatment with THU (100 mg/kg/day) suppressed intrarenal RAS activation, improved insulin sensitivity, and reduced SBP, thus, attenuating kidney injury in these mice.Conclusion: THU alleviated kidney injury in mice with HFD-induced type 2 diabetes, possibly by blunting the activation of the intrarenal RAS/nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase IV (NOX4)/monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) axis and by lowering the high SBP.
Reversing global biodiversity declines: Mainstreaming biodiversity conservation into decision-making at national and local scales
Authors: Bjorkland Rhema , Bjorkland Ronald
Published: August 2021

The rapid and unprecedented global loss of biodiversity threatens the wide-ranging goods and services that nature provides, endangers human institutions, and portends future scenarios of human-nature relationships that differ significantly from what humans have experienced historically. While numerous national and international responses have been put in place to stem this loss, none have succeeded in significantly reducing its rate. Reasons for these failures are not uniform, but some key identified features include inadequate funding and logistical support, structural weaknesses in targeted actions, and the socio-political systems that interfere with needed transformative changes. This article provides a brief historical background to global-level biodiversity conservation efforts and suggests pathways needed to move forward if the proposed vision of “Living in Harmony with Nature” by 2050 is to be realized. Framing socio-economic and cultural development within the dual crises of biodiversity loss and climate change, and not the other way around, represents the most likely path to success. This effort will require strong actions from communities and institutions, from local to global, to end the disconnect between global targets, national commitments, and local actions; reformed mechanisms for funding and other support; and radically improved strategies to galvanize both political will and public support through improved communication.
A Main Street framework leveraging data and technology for good
Authors: Haddad Fadi G. , Raheem Zara , Mattingly Peter J. , Mishra Saswati , Patki Medha
Published: August 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has hollowed out corporate office spaces in large US metropolitan centers, resulting in three potential downstream differential impacts: (1) on places, as demand for urban office spaces, commercial real estate, and housing have changed; (2) on profits, as small and local businesses in proximity to these office spaces depend on office workers and other foot traffic; and, (3) on people, as the livelihoods of many diverse but historically marginalized communities have been disproportionately affected. In this article, we examine these impacts, with downtown Seattle used as a case study to validate some urban trends. In leveraging data and technology-based approaches to assess and support urban vitality and equity goals, policymakers can explore the value of a Main Street data-driven analytical framework. Here, we explore how such a framework can support more targeted responses, including implementing technology policy initiatives that increase the digitalization of Main Street businesses and support their resilience. Complementing this data-driven framework, institutionalizing equity analysis in regional decision-making systems can better account for differential impacts on vulnerable communities to implement more inclusive future of work recovery strategies.
Rendőrkiválasztás Ausztriában
Authors: Mogyoródi Gergely
Published: August 2021

This paper examines the selection system of the Federal Police of Austria. To present this, the general organizational and educational characteristics, the process of recruitment, the personal and the qualification criteria, furthermore the eligibility requirements were studied. The research was performed by collecting and analyzing the English and Austrian open sources and the relevant literature. Previously, this topic was only partially addressed in Hungary, therefore it can be considered as knowledge-expanding and suppletory. The conclusion of the article is that the structure of police selection in Austria is based on personal and qualification criteria, and together with the eligibility requirements, among them mental performance is stressed the most.
Linear Polarization of the 21 cm Line from the Epoch of Reionization
Authors: Li Bohua , Tan Jianrong , Mao Yi
Published: August 2021

The 21 cm linear polarization due to Thomson scattering off free electrons can probe the distribution of neutral hydrogen in the intergalactic medium during the epoch of reionization, complementary to the 21 cm temperature fluctuations. A previous study estimated the strength of polarization with a toy model and claimed that it can be detected with 1 month observation of the Square Kilometre Array (SKA). Here we revisit this investigation with account of nonlinear terms due to inhomogeneous reionization, using semi-numerical reionization simulations to provide the realistic estimation of the 21 cm TE and EE angular power spectra (

C

ℓ

TE

and

C

ℓ

EE

). We find that (1) both power spectra are enhanced on sub-bubble scales but suppressed on super-bubble scales, compared with previous results; (2)

C

ℓ

TE

displays a zero crossing at ℓ < 100, and its angular scale is sensitive to the scale dependence of H i bias on large scales; (3) the ratios of the power spectrum to its maximum value during reionization at a given ℓ, i.e.,

C

ℓ

TE

/

C

ℓ
,
max

TE

and

C

ℓ

EE

/

C

ℓ
,
max

EE

, show robust correlations with the global ionized fraction. However, measurement of this signal will be very challenging not only because the overall strength is weaker than the sensitivity of SKA, but also because of the polarized foregrounds from diffuse synchrotron emission, and Faraday rotation, which modifies the observed polarization. Nevertheless, the 21 cm linear polarization signal may still likely be detectable through other approaches, e.g., its cross-correlation with other probes.
A Broad Grid of 2D Kilonova Emission Models
Authors: Wollaeger R. T. , Fryer C. L. , Chase E. A. , Fontes C. J. , Ristic M. , Hungerford A. L. , Korobkin O. , O’Shaughnessy R. , Herring A. M.
Published: August 2021

Depending upon the properties of their compact remnants and the physics included in the models, simulations of neutron star mergers can produce a broad range of ejecta properties. The characteristics of this ejecta, in turn, define the kilonova emission. To explore the effect of ejecta properties, we present a grid of two-component 2D axisymmetric kilonova simulations that vary mass, velocity, morphology, and composition. The masses and velocities of each component vary, respectively, from 0.001 to 0.1 M
⊙ and 0.05 to 0.3 c, covering much of the range of results from the neutron star merger literature. The set of 900 models is constrained to have a toroidal low electron fraction (Y

e
) ejecta with a robust r-process composition and either a spherical or lobed high-Y

e
ejecta with two possible compositions. We simulate these models with the Monte Carlo radiative transfer code SuperNu using a full suite of lanthanide and fourth-row element opacities. We examine the trends of these models with parameter variation, show how they can be used with statistical tools, and compare the model light curves and spectra to those of AT2017gfo, the electromagnetic counterpart of GW170817.
Nondetection of Water-ice Grains in the Coma of Comet 46P/Wirtanen and Implications for Hyperactivity
Authors: Protopapa Silvia , Kelley Michael S. P. , Woodward Charles E. , Yang Bin
Published: August 2021

Hyperactive comets have high water production rates, with inferred sublimation areas of order the surface area of the nucleus. Comets 46P/Wirtanen and 103P/Hartley 2 are two examples of this cometary class. Based on observations of comet Hartley 2 by the Deep Impact spacecraft, hyperactivity appears to be caused by the ejection of water-ice grains and/or water-ice-rich chunks of nucleus into the coma. These materials increase the sublimating surface area and yield high water production rates. The historic close approach of comet Wirtanen to Earth in 2018 afforded an opportunity to test Hartley 2–style hyperactivity in a second Jupiter-family comet. We present high spatial resolution, near-infrared spectroscopy of the inner coma of Wirtanen. No evidence for the 1.5 or 2.0 μm water-ice absorption bands is found in six 0.8–2.5 μm spectra taken around perihelion and closest approach to Earth. In addition, the strong 3.0 μm water-ice absorption band is absent in a 2.0–5.3 μm spectrum taken near perihelion. Using spectroscopic and sublimation lifetime models, we set constraints on the physical properties of the ice grains in the coma, assuming they are responsible for the comet’s hyperactivity. We rule out pure water-ice grains of any size, given their long lifetime. Instead, the hyperactivity of the nucleus and lack of water-ice absorption features in our spectra can be explained either by icy grains on the order of 1 μm in size with a small amount of low-albedo dust (greater than 0.5% by volume) or by large chunks containing significant amounts of water ice.
Detection of Large Exospheric Enhancements at Mercury due to Meteoroid Impacts
Authors: Cassidy T. A. , Schmidt C. A. , Merkel A. W. , Jasinski J. M. , Burger M. H.
Published: August 2021

The Ultraviolet and Visible Spectrometer (UVVS) on the MESSENGER spacecraft observed three large transient events in Mercury’s nightside “tail” in which the exospheric brightness increased by an order of magnitude. Meteoroid impacts are the best explanation given that the events are brief, can be simulated with instantaneous injections of vapor, and were not associated with unusual solar wind conditions. Data–model comparisons suggest that the impactors are 10–20 cm in diameter and produce vapor temperatures of ∼104 K, much warmer than usually assumed for impact vapor. We estimate the impact frequency to be on the order of once per Earth day for meteoroids 10 cm diameter and larger, consistent with a pre-MESSENGER prediction. UVVS observed three atomic species during one event: sodium, magnesium, and calcium. Na and Mg brightened simultaneously, and their modeled ejection ratio roughly matches Mercury’s surface abundance. Ca showed no sign of an enhancement, consistent with earlier predictions that Ca in impact vapor is bound in a molecule that is undetectable to UVVS. This event provides an unprecedented opportunity to see three species respond (or not) to a single source and has implications for our understanding of Mercury’s exosphere.
DNA barcoding of Naididae (Annelida, Oligochaeta) based on COI and ITS2 genes in China
Authors: Zhou Tingting , Wang Hongzhu , Cui Yongde
Published: August 2021

Exploring the effectiveness of DNA barcoding in species identification is prerequisite for biodiversity conservation and environmental monitoring. Aquatic oligochaete could serve as an excellent indicator in aquatic monitoring programs. However, few studies have examined the effectiveness of DNA barcoding in these specific organisms. The mitochondrial COI gene and nuclear ITS2 gene of 83 specimens belonging to 36 species of 18 genera were sequenced in this study. The results showed that there was a barcode gap between species of Naididae, and the intraspecific genetic distances of each species were smaller than interspecific genetic distances. The classification results of ABGD (Automatic Barcode Gap Discovery) were consistent with those of morphological identification except for Tubifex tubifex and Lumbriculus variegatus. All species were successfully distinguished in the phylogenetic tree based on ITS2 gene, which was coincident with morphological result. Our results provided evidence that DNA barcoding can be used as an effective and convenient tool for species identification of the family Naididae and even aquatic oligochaete.
Where did the Central European populations of Ornatoraphidia flavilabris (Costa) come from? (Neuropterida, Raphidioptera, Raphidiidae)
Authors: Aspöck Horst , Aspöck Ulrike , Walochnik Julia , Kniha Edwin
Published: August 2021

Ornatoraphidia flavilabris (Costa, 1851) is one of 15 snakefly species occurring in southern parts of Central Europe. It is a polycentric Mediterranean faunal element with refugia in the Apennine Peninsula and the Balkan Peninsula. Two phylogeographic questions are dealt with in this paper:

(1) Is it possible to differentiate, morphologically or genetically, the Balkanic populations from the Italian?

(2) Did the species reach Central Europe from the Balkan or Apennine Peninsula?

These questions were investigated using morphological and molecular biological methods. No morphological characters were uncovered which could serve to differentiate specimens from either distribution center. However, differences were detected in cox1, cox3 and 28S genes which allow for a reliable differentiation. Central European populations were largely identical with populations from Italy, but distinctly different from specimens from Greece. This could lead one to assume that the species migrated from Italy to Central Europe, although colonization from the southeast would appear easier due to more favorable orographic conditions. This discrepancy may be explained by the apparent absence of O. flavilabris from the large central part of the Balkan Peninsula, so that a gap exists between the southern and northern areas inhabited by O. flavilabris. Moreover, the species does not occur in eastern parts of Europe. Thus it would be more probable to assume that the occurrence of the species in the northwest Balkan Peninsula can be traced to migrations from the Apennine Peninsula to areas north and northeast of the Adriatic Sea, where O. flavilabris may have colonized the southeast of Central Europe.

A migration of Adriatomediterranean faunal elements from the northwest Balkan Peninsula to Central Europe might be of more significance than previously assumed.
Collectively fixed point theorems in noncompact abstract convex spaces with applications
Authors: Lu Haishu ,   School of Business, Jiangsu University of Technology, Changzhou 213001, Jiangsu, China, Zhang Kai , Li Rong
Published: August 2021

In this paper, by using the KKM theory and the properties of $ \Gamma $-convexity and $ {\frak{RC}} $-mapping, we investigate the existence of collectively fixed points for a family with a finite number of set-valued mappings on the product space of noncompact abstract convex spaces. Consequently, as applications, some existence theorems of generalized weighted Nash equilibria and generalized Pareto Nash equilibria for constrained multiobjective games, some nonempty intersection theorems with applications to the Fan analytic alternative formulation and the existence of Nash equilibria, and some existence theorems of solutions for generalized weak implicit inclusion problems in noncompact abstract convex spaces are given. The results obtained in this paper extend and generalize many corresponding results of the existing literature.
Reimagining multiplication as diagrammatic and dynamic concepts via cutting, pasting and rescaling actions
Authors: Tisdell Christopher C.
Published: August 2021

Recently, Tisdell [48] developed some alternative pedagogical perspectives of multiplication strategies via cut-and-paste actions, underpinned via the principle of conservation of area. However, the ideas therein were limited to problems involving two factors that were close together, and so would not directly apply to a problem such as 17 × 93. The purpose of the present work is to establish what diagrammatic and dynamic perspectives could look like for these more complex classes of multiplication problems. My approach to explore this gap is through an analysis and discussion of case studies. I probe several multiplication problems in depth, and drill down to get at their complexity. Through this process, new techniques emerge that involve cut-and-paste and rescaling actions to enable a reimagination of the problem from diagrammatic and dynamic points of view. Furthermore, I provide some suggestions regarding how these ideas might be supplemented in the classroom through the employment of history that includes Leonardo Da Vinci's use of conservation principles in his famous notebooks. I thus establish a pedagogical framework that has the potential to support the learning and teaching of these extended problems from diagrammatic and dynamic perspectives. groups.