bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of the Tourist and Recreation Potential of the Moscow Region for the Development of Ethnographic Tourism
Authors:   Russian State Social University, Khetagurova V.Sh. , Donskova L.I. ,   Russian State Social University, Kryukova E.M. ,   Russian State Social University, Vishnyakova V.A. ,   Russian State Social University
Published: June 2021

the article aims to assess the tourist and recreational potential of the Moscow region, identify the prerequisites and analyze the factors that limit the development of ethnographic tourism in the Moscow region. When working on the article, reference materials were used, due to the recreational development of the Moscow region; statistical data of state organizations and the results of expert assessments of the development of ethnographic tourism. Research methods: systematization and generalization of information; content analysis; logical analysis. Monitoring of the tourist and recreational potential of the Moscow region, analysis of the resource base allowed us to assess the existing problems and suggest possible solutions. The prerequisites for the development of ethnographic tourism in the region are determined, the place and specifics of ethnographic tourism in tourist flows are revealed; the place and role of the Moscow region in the development of ethnographic tourism in the Russian Federation is justified. As a result of the study, the trends in the development of ethnographic tourism were identified and the areas of its most promising development in the Moscow region were identified. The results obtained contribute to the development of museum and exhibition business and folk crafts in the region, the popularization of ethnographic tourism in the Internet space, which ultimately provides an increase in the tourist flow in the Moscow region, and also allows you to create additional jobs in the tourism sector.
International Experience of Providing Housing for Orphans and Children Left Without Parental Care
Authors:   Government of the Russian Federation, Vasilieva E.Yu. , Frolova E.V. ,   Russian State Social University, Rogach O.V. ,   Russian State Social University
Published: June 2021

the article presents an analysis of international experience in solving the housing problems of orphans and children left without parental care. These practices create certain opportunities for their adaptation in the conditions of the Russian Federation, taking into account the existing restrictions and socioeconomic risks. Among the promising opportunities for adapting international experience, the following can be distinguished: support of educational trajectories of orphans, ensuring their effective entry into the labor market, development of the institution of mentoring in the form of both state support and public charitable initiatives, development of the practice of social renting of housing from the municipal fund without the right to transfer it into the ownership of another person, expanding the representation of non-profit organizations in the field of social support for orphans and children left without parental care.
Maternal and perinatal outcome in patients with preterm labor pains receiving tocolytic therapy
Authors: Rajpal Tanya , Patil Pooja , Sharma Priyanka , Mitra Nishi
Published: June 2021

Background: The objective of this study was to assess the maternal and neonatal outcomes in patients with preterm labor pains and also to correlate threatened abortion with preterm pains.Methods: The study conducted was a prospective observational study. 100 cases of preterm labor admitted to JK hospital, Bhopal over a period of 2 years with singleton gestation between 28 to 36+6 weeks were included.Results: Maximum preterm deliveries were in the late preterm group (80%). Correlation of preterm labor with threatened abortion was not significant (OR=1.03; p>0.05). 42% cases delivered vaginally and 58% by LSCS. Prolongation of pregnancy after tocolytic therapy was upto 12 hours in 35% cases, 12-24 hours in 40% cases and >24 hours in only 15% cases. The most commonly encountered neonatal complication was RDS, 37%, out of which 9% required resuscitation at birth and 8% required ventilator support followed by jaundice in 23%, sepsis in 3% cases and NEC in 4% cases. The association between gestational age and requirement of resuscitation at birth (X2=19.9; p=0.00), need of ventilator (X2=12.6; p=0.002) and neonatal RDS (X2=6.9; p=0.031) was found to be significant.Conclusions: Preterm births are major obstetric problem that have an extensive impact on neonatal morbidity and mortality.
A clinical audit of hysteroscopy in a tertiary care teaching. What challenges did we face?
Authors: Mundkur Anjali , Adiga Prashanth K. , Kumar Pratap
Published: June 2021

Background: The aim of the study was to evaluate indications, operative findings and complications in patients undergoing hysteroscopy.Methods: The data of all patients who underwent hysteroscopy in the department of obstetrics and gynecology in a tertiary care teaching hospital were included retrospectively from November 2017 to October 2018.Results: There were 59 patients who had hysteroscopy for various indications. Twelve patients and forty-seven patients were subjected to diagnostic and operative hysteroscopy respectively.  Indications for diagnostic hysteroscopy were for postmenopausal bleed (3), carcinoma of the breast on tamoxifen with bleeding PV (3), recurrent implantation failure (6). Operative hysteroscopy was performed for endometrial polyp (30), myomectomy (9), septal resection (7), copper T removal (1). Complications of hysteroscopy were: media efflux and poor visualization in 10 (17%), minor hemorrhage (9) 15.1%, perforation 2 (3.3%). Minor hemorrhage was managed with tranexamic acid. The perforation in two patients happened during the dilatation of the cervix with metal dilators.Conclusions: One of the major challenges encountered was the efflux of the distension media due to excessive cervical dilatation, which did not provide satisfactory hysteroscopic view. Another complication was perforation during cervical dilatation using Hegars dilator. Use of misoprostol and the use of small sheath hysteroscopes have minimized the need for cervical dilatation.
Comparison of the surgical and post-operative outcomes between single incision laparoscopic appendicectomy (cross triangulation method) with normal conventional laparoscopic appendicectomy
Authors: Paulraj Pratheep Samraj Rajendran , Chirayil Kiran Kailas , Bellasindhi Renuka Jayakumar , Oli Punitha Thetraravu , Mathew Mohith , Jomy Anish
Published: June 2021

Background: The usual multiport conventional laparoscopic surgeries (appendicectomy) are now being replaced by single incision laparoscopic surgeries (appendicectomy).In our study various aspects of SILS in comparison with the multiport conventional laparoscopic appendicectomy such as incision site pain, duration of surgery, morbidity and instruments used are discussed, duration of surgery, morbidity and instruments used are discussed.Methods: A single blinded randomized control trial was done on patients presenting with acute appendicitis. Pain numerical scale, use of analgesics, time to return to routine activities, hospital re-admission, complication like port site infection, hernia, intra operative complications rates, conversion rates and duration of surgery were evaluated. Various statistics of pain and other parameters are studied and evaluated. The mean operation time, mean recovery time, post-operative pain were statistically analysed using unpaired t-test. Results: Mean operating time was 44.16 minutes for SILS and 26.88 minutes for laparoscopic appendicectomy. The mean operative pain in scale of 1 to 4 was 1.40 and 0.40 for SILS and for laparoscopic appendicenctomy respectively making SILS more pain free and comfortable for the patient. The mean post-operative recovery time was 3.12 days for SILS and 7.88 days for laparoscopic appendicenctomy giving SILS patients more rapid recovery and resumption of work.  Conclusions: SILS offers better cosmetic outcome, lesser post-operative pain and shorter duration of hospital stay compared to classical 3 port conventional laparoscopic surgery but at the expense of time. Operative difficulties along with time constraint need to be overcome by the surgeon.
Microalbuminuria in obese children
Authors: Mundkur Suneel C. , Hegde Ramaya R. , Moras Karen Janice , Kini Pushpa G. , Aroor Shrikiran , Bhat Y. Ramesh , Lewis Leslie
Published: June 2021

Background: Obesity is a global pandemic both in adults and children and many factors contribute to this pandemic. Early diagnosis and prevention of long-term complications associated with obesity is the main goal of treatment in addition to dietary control and lifestyle modifications. Microalbuminuria, a marker of impending renal insult in adults is less understood in children. The objective of this study was to determine microalbuminuria in obese children 5-18 years of age.Methods: This study was single centre, and cross-sectional observational study. Children between 5-18 years of age with obesity (Body mass index >95th centile for sex and age) participated in the study. Microalbuminuria based on urinary albumin to creatinine ratio and relation to obesity was studied.Results: Fifty-four children (M:F=0.9:1) were included in the study. Family history of obesity, hypertension, diabetes mellitus was present in 53.7% (n=29), 33.3% (n=18), 27.8 (n=15) children respectively. Microalbuminuria was observed in two children (3.8%). Mean BMI (38.25±7.42 kg/m2 vs 26.13±4.13 kg/m2) (p=0.009), mean waist circumference (97.50±4.95, vs 83.52±0.94 cm) (p=0.044), mean waist hip ratio (0.93±0.04 vs 0.88±0.09) was more in children with microalbuminuria when compared to without microalbuminuria. One obese child with microalbuminuria had hypertension.Conclusions: Microalbuminuria, though a good marker of renal insult in adults, may not be prevalent in obese children. It may me more prevalent in obese children with higher BMI, truncal obesity and WHR, hence these children should be screened for the same.
The System for Transforming the Code of Dataflow Programs into Imperative
Authors: Vasilev Vladimir S. , Legalov Alexander I. , Zykov Sergey V.
Published: June 2021

Functional dataflow programming languages are designed to create parallel portable programs. The source code of such programs is translated into a set of graphs that reflect information and control dependencies. The main way of their execution is interpretation, which does not allow to perform calculations efficiently on real parallel computing systems and leads to poor performance. To run programs directly on existing computing systems, you need to use specific optimization and transformation methods that take into account the features of both the programming language and the architecture of the system. Currently, the most common is the Von Neumann architecture, however, parallel programming for it in most cases is carried out using imperative languages with a static type system. For different architectures of parallel computing systems, there are various approaches to writing parallel programs. The transformation of dataflow parallel programs into imperative programs allows to form a framework of imperative code fragments that directly display sequential calculations. In the future, this framework can be adapted to a specific parallel architecture. The paper considers an approach to performing this type of transformation, which consists in allocating fragments of dataflow parallel programs as templates, which are subsequently replaced by equivalent fragments of imperative languages. The proposed transformation methods allow generating program code, to which various optimizing transformations can be applied in the future, including parallelization taking into account the target architecture.
Halide Edib Adivar (1982-1964) as a National Symbol of the Republic of Turkey
Authors: Savin Dmitry A.
Published: June 2021

The article is dedicated to Halide Edip - outstanding novelist, scientist, public figure. The events of her personal life and political processes that took place in the last years of the Ottoman Empire and in the Republican period are reflected in her articles, memoirs, novels and scientific works. She raised topical issues such as the social status of Turkish women, their education and participation in political life, aspects of nationalist ideas, the correlation of tradi-tions and innovations in public life and the role of religion.
“Two sides of Russian life and progress”: the image of Moscow and St. Petersburg at the turn of the 19-20th centuries in the English-language travelogues
Authors: Seniukhin Aleksei A.
Published: June 2021

The article is devoted to the problem of images of the Russian Empire’s capitals at the turn of the 19-20th centuries in the European and American travelogues. The paper analyzes the main elements of foreigners’ ideas about Moscow and St. Petersburg and their influence on the image of Russia and Russians in general. Foreign tourists explained the cultural contrast between Russian capitals through the East-West dichotomy and concluded that the «barbaric» character of Russians was hidden behind the screen of European «civilization» created by the rulers.
The Content and Treatment of Prisoners of war During the First World War (on the example of the Kostroma and Yaroslavl provinces)
Authors: Chapaeva Anna M.
Published: June 2021

This article is devoted to the content of prisoners of war in the Kostroma and Yaroslavl provinces during the First World War. The international and Russian legal framework for the detention of prisoners of war is indicated, which prescribes the conditions for providing medical care, the use of labor and the treatment of officers and lower ranks. Examples of the content of prisoners of war and the attitude of the local population to military prisoners are given. The approximate expenses for the maintenance of prisoners of war in the specified provinces are shown. The generaliter information concerning equipment with medical and disinfection equipment is given. The analysis of archival documents and publications concerning the maintenance of prisoners of war is carried out.
Submission of items and documents as a way of gathering evidence in preliminary investigation of a criminal case
Authors: Rossinskiy Sergey B.
Published: June 2021

This article is devoted to the consideration of the representation as a simpler, in comparison with investigative actions, a purely «technical» method of collecting objects and documents to be attached to a criminal case as material evidence, other documents, expert opinions, the results of operational investigative and administrative activities of law enforcement agencies for the purpose of subsequent use to substantiate enforcement decisions. Methodologically, starting from his previous scientific publications devoted to the issues of criminal procedural proof in general and the collection of evidence in particular, the author investigates the phenomenon of the presentation of objects and documents, defines the circle of subjects initiating this procedure, considers the procedure for its implementation, notes the shortcomings of its legislative regulation. Particular attention is paid to the practical issues of the presentation of objects and documents in pretrial proceedings in a criminal case. The most acceptable methods and applied technologies of acceptance and transfer of potential evidence presented to the bodies of inquiry and preliminary investigation by suspects, accused, victims are analyzed and other interested participants, materials of operational-search activities, as well as items and documents submitted by «third» parties, that is, various government bodies, local local governments, their officials, enterprises, institutions and individuals.
About some incredible adventures of the “elusive” duty construction
Authors: Tarusina Nadezhda N.
Published: June 2021

The article gives “biographies” of the construction of duty in atypical situations. The first of them is illustrated by the example of family legal relations between parents and children, in which parents are at the same time responsibilities for upbringing (the structure of right-duty). The doctrine accepts such a feature of the aforementioned type of legal relationship by no means to everyone - a reference to the classical interaction of the pair “right and duty” and their distribution between the subject. An additional argument is the arguments in favor of the child’s incapacity and, consequently, the inadmissibility of imposing any responsibilities on him. As counterarguments, considerations are expressed about the possibility of the existence of exceptions from classical constructions, as well as about the presence of certain elements of legal capacity in the child, which make it possible to assign certain responsibilities to him, including in relation to parents or persons substituting for them. As additional argumentation, examples are given of assigning children of different ages (6, 10, 14 years) to responsibilities in the field of education, family, civil turnover. It is proposed to provide for the obligation of children to respect their parents in the general principles of family law. The second atypical situation arises when the so-called declarative obligations are fixed in the text of the law. It is emphasized that they, either directly or indirectly, are associated with certain legal consequences of their non-compliance, therefore, they possess, albeit not in the classical execution, the properties of a legal obligation.
Content of the term “corruption“ in international criminal law
Authors: Blashkova Ludmila L.
Published: June 2021

The development of the processes of international integration and cooperation has led to the need to develop common rules for interstate interaction aimed at combating corruption crimes that pose a threat not only to national but also to international interests. This paper presents an analysis of the provisions of a number of sources of modern international criminal law on combating corruption. Attention is drawn to the absence in modern international law of a qualitatively formulated definition of corruption, as well as a system of its legally significant features. The absence of this definition creates difficulties in defining a strictly defined list of types of corruption crimes both in international and national criminal law.
Strategies of behavior in conflict as indicators of satisfaction with the professional activity of university teachers
Authors: Mirakyan Karina F. , Karpov Alexander A.
Published: June 2021

The realities of the time require the teacher to quickly respond to changes taking place in the education system, the dynamism of transformations increases, and it can contribute to increasing mental tension, in general, and increasing conflict tension, in particular. All this leads to an increasing interest in the psychology of pedagogical conflicts, both from the point of view of phenomenology and structure, and from the point of view of their influence on satisfaction with professional and pedagogical activity. The article presents the results of an empirical study to identify the specifics of correlations of strategies of behavior in conflicts and the level of satisfaction with the professional activities of university teachers, taking into account the stages of professionalization. The provisions on strengthening the influence of the role of behavioral strategies in conflicts in the assessment of professional satisfaction at the third and fourth stages of professionalization are formulated.
Personal characteristics of professional self-realization of a designer in the digital age
Authors: Kyuregyan Anastasia A.
Published: June 2021

В статье описывается специфика профессиональной деятельности дизайнера в цифровую эпоху. Проведен анализ личностных особенностей профессиональной самореализации дизайнеров на основе экспертного оценивания и последующего формирования на этапе обучения профессии. Положения, сформулированные в статье, могут быть использованы при комплексном изучении особенностей личности дизайнера как субъекта профессиональной деятельности.
Territorial differentiation of public sentiment in modern Georgia (the experience of sociological survey)
Authors: Shestakova Marianna N.
Published: June 2021

В конце октября 2020 г. в Грузии состоялись парламентские выборы. Стартовал очередной электоральный цикл. Что принесёт он в плане взаимоотношений России и Грузии? После окончания избирательной кампании был проведён социологический опрос среди жителей соседнего государства с целью выяснения их отношения к России, её потенциального влияния на избирательную кампанию, возможных путей развития взаимосвязей двух государств. Опираясь на результаты анкетирования, автор исследует наличие территориальной дифференциации общественного мнения по данным вопросам. Возможно ли выявить «эффект соседства» по отношению к России? Исследование является составной частью большого многолетнего проекта по изучению вероятной трансформации электорального поведения жителей пограничных с Россией государств. Автор приходит к выводу, что, несмотря на довольно серьезные политические противоречия между двумя государствами, существует большой потенциал добрососедских отношений, выражающийся в преобладающем позитивном общественном мнении по отношению к соседнему государству. Приграничные с Россией регионы Грузии не проявляют какой-либо особой лояльности. В работе также выявлены территориальные различия в общественном мнении по линии Север - Юг, которые требуют дополнительного исследования.
At the end of October 2020, parliamentary elections took place in Georgia. Another electoral cycle has started. What will it bring in terms of bilateral relations between Russia and Georgia? After the end of the election campaign, a sociological survey was conducted among residents of the neighboring state in order to clarify their attitude towards Russia, its potential impact on the election campaign, and possible ways of developing relations between the two states. Based on the results of the survey, the author finds out whether there is a territorial differentiation of public opinion on these issues. Is it possible to identify the "neighborhood effect" in relation to Russia? The research paper is an integral part of a large multi-year project, which studies the probable transformation of the electoral behavior of residents of the states bordering Russia. The author comes to the conclusion that despite the existing considerable political contradictions between the two states, there is a great potential for good neighborhood relations, expressed in the prevailing positive public opinion regarding the neighboring state. The regions of Georgia bordering Russia do not demonstrates any particular loyalty. It was possible to identify territorial differences in public opinion along the North-South line, which require additional research.
IMRAN KHAN’S EFFECTIVE SPEECHES CONCERNING COVID-19 FUNDRAISING: A CRITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS
Authors: Zafran Fareha , Afzal Hanan , Iqbal Zafar , Shahzad Khurram , Niaz Maria
Published: June 2021

Purpose: The primary purpose of the present study is to analyze the speeches of PM Imran, which he delivered to persuade the economic organizations and masses for fundraising on the first and 4th April, respectively. 

Method: The research is qualitative and analytical. The primary data was collected from the speeches and telethons on two well-known news channels of Pakistan. Theoretical/secondary data have been collected from various online sources. The data were analyzed employing Fairclough’s 3D model—Textual, at the first step, processing, at the second step, and finally the social implication(s).  

Main Findings: The textual analysis suggests that the Prime Minister deliberately focuses on the lower class—‘people’ of Pakistan. Therefore, he persuaded the local individuals and the international organizations; more, he also conquered the minds of Pakistani ex-pats living in foreign and convinced them to send aids and foreign remittances. These speeches also immediately affected and motivated the local non-profit services organizations and masses to help others throughout the pandemic. Hence, the public figure (celebrities or characters) also promoted the idea of Prime Minister).

Application of the Study: The study suggests the techniques for the speakers how they would manage to make balanced speeches under challenging times. Various linguistic techniques are employed and tested adopting from the other researchers, which may also be helpful for future researchers. Hence, general social individuals would also find the cultural referents for the economic fundraising techniques utilizing the linguistic technique; for instance, Imran Khan successfully employed these to collect the funds for hospitals, universities, and the state.

The Originality of the Study: According to the researchers' best knowledge, the study is innovative as no such type of study was conducted in the context, i.e., the context speeches relevant to fundraising. This research argues that a parliamentary system is a more desirable and efficient system of government than others. This research explains the differences between both these systems. Both the houses of these parliaments provide different services that require separate investigation and throw further light on the subject.
Profiling of Chromosomal Complement in Nandidurga Goats of Karnataka
Authors: Inamdar Basavraj , Nagaraja R. , Yathish H.M. , Kumar S. Naveen , Kumar G.S. Naveen , Sudh K.V.
Published: June 2021

Background: To characterize the chromosomal complement of Nandidurga goats. Methods: Blood samples for short term lymphocyte culture were collected from 5 bucks and 5 does from its breeding tract and then mitotic chromosomal spreads were accomplished. Result: The diploid chromosome number was found to be 60, consisting of 58 acrocentric autosomes and 2 sex chromosomes (X and Y). The X chromosome was found to be the longest acrocentric and Y chromosome was found to be sub metacentric. The mean mitotic drive was 64.5±2.01 and 63.15±1.30 percent in bucks and does, respectively. The mean relative length of autosomes varied from 2.08±0.24 to 4.81±0.12 in does and 2.09±0.09 to 4.70±0.11in bucks. The relative length of X chromosome in does was 5.14±0.17 and that in bucks was 4.92±0.21, whereas Y chromosome had a relative length of 1.99±0.20. The mean Arms Ratio, Centromeric Index and Morphological Index were 2.47, 31.62 and 396.14, respectively. This cytogenetic analysis indicates the normal chromosomal complement in the studied Nandidurga goats.
Modification of Emulsifying Properties of Cereal Flours by Blending with Legume Flours
Authors: Nawaz Haq , Aslam Momna , Rehman Tanzila , Mehmood Rabia
Published: June 2021

Background: The effect of blend formation on emulsifying activity (EA) and emulsifying stability (ES) of some commonly used cereal and legume flours, using different oils, was studied. Methods: The blends of wheat flour (WF), refined wheat flour (RWF) and maize flour (MF) were prepared by mixing with equal proportions of chickpea flour (CPF) (1:1w/w) in a kitchen blender and analyzed for EA and ES using coconut, canola, corn, rapeseed and sunflower oils. Result: Statistically significant variations (p less than 0.05) were observed in the emulsifying properties of the flours and their blends. The blending of cereal flours with CPF showed mixed responses of variation in emulsifying properties from those of the respective pure flours. The EA of the blends was found to be increased from those of the pure WF and RWF but decreased from those of the pure MF and CPF with some exceptions. However, the ES of the blends was decreased from that of the pure WF and increased from those of the pure RWF, MF and CPF. The data would be a valuable contribution to the literature regarding the improvement of functional properties of cereal foods.
A study of landscape painting development – Past, present and future perspectives
Authors: Sanad Reham , Baomar Zainab Salim Aqil Alhadi
Published: June 2021

This study is focused on landscape paintings’ characteristics throughout history. It starts with primitive cave paintings passed through the ancient civilisations, then followed by the main art movements and styles and ends with the contemporary style landscape paintings. Future prospects and expectations for landscape representations were also considered. It was found that landscape representation has been the focus for most artists because of its link to their normal lives. In the primitive caves, illustrations of plants and animals were found covering caves’ walls. Landscape backgrounds were used in the ancient Egyptian civilisation and lost its significance in the Greece style to reappear with the Roman artists with special concern and perspective. The Renaissance era witnessed more progress in landscape paintings’ subjects and perspective. Baroque paintings initiated the focus on independent landscape paintings to be crystalised in the Romantic paintings and later on in the impressionists’ art works using distinctive painting techniques. The modernists approved landscape topic in their paintings to apply their unique techniques, whereas the contemporary landscape paintings have adopted abstract and free methods in employing various materials and colours. It is obvious that the landscape subject has been employed throughout all stages of art history because it is the key segment of their environment and life not only because of its aesthetic values. Realistic landscape representation in visual art and design is expected to progress in abundance in the near and far future as many people due to the pandemic circumstances have been deprived from naturally experiencing landscapes causing mental and health difficulties.
 
Keywords: Prehistoric period, ancient civilisations, Renaissance, Baroque, romantic.
O EMPREGO DA MEDICINA TRADICIONAL NO SUS EM UMA CIDADE DA AMAZÔNIA LEGAL
Authors: Trevisan Márcio , Seibert Carla Simone , dos Santos Márcio Galdino
Published: June 2021

O emprego das plantas medicinais associado às práticas populares pode auxiliar a Atenção Primária de Saúde no planejamento das linhas de cuidado. Este trabalho levantou o conhecimento dos profissionais de saúde e de usuários das Unidades de Saúde em Palmas/TO, por meio de formulário eletrônico, sobre a utilização de plantas medicinais para uso geral e em acidentes com serpentes. Dentro dos resultados constatou-se que a efetivação das políticas integrativas que envolvem a medicina tradicional ainda não estão consolidadas. Percebeu-se que existe reconhecimento sobre a importância da medicina tradicional, mas com discreta utilização pelos profissionais de saúde. Por outro lado, foi evidente o uso cotidiano das plantas medicinas pela comunidade, inclusive reconhecendo opções antiofídicas tradicionais como a erva tipi, a batata de tiú, o óleo de buriti e o araticum. Hábitos que parecem estar vinculados ao conjunto de diversos costumes e não como influência de uma prática cultural em particular. Assim, pelos resultados obtidos, conclui-se que existe a possibilidade de ampliar as ações integrativas associadas a medicina tradicional na Atenção Primária de Saúde, favorecendo hábitos populares e costumes, valorizando a biodiversidade e  fortalecendo vínculos com a comunidade para auxiliar na ampliação da autonomia do usuário no cuidado da saúde
Channel block of the astrocyte network connections accounting for the dynamical transition of epileptic seizures
Authors: Li Jiajia , Song Jian , Tan Ning , Cao Chenglong , Du Mengmeng , Xu Shengjun , Wu Ying
Published: June 2021

Epilepsy has been found to be modulated by the astrocyte systems in experiments, and tremendous modeling studies have unveiled the roles of astrocyte cellular functions such as the calcium and potassium channels in the epileptic seizures. However, little attention has been paid to the structure changes of astrocytes in the epileptic seizures in the scale of networks. This paper first constructs a neuron-astrocyte network model to explain the experimental observation that astrocytes mainly induce epilepsy by blocking the channels of the astrocyte gap junction in the network scale. Such model is used to discuss potential seizure induction process in the network by changing the connection intensity of the astrocyte gap junction. The simulation results show that a decrease of the gap junction intensity changes the firing pattern of the population of neurons from slow periodical firing to high-frequency epileptic seizures, featuring epileptic patterns of depolarization blocks. This further verifies that epileptic seizures are experimentally induced via the channel block of the astrocyte gap junctions. Because of the heterogeneous structure of the real neuron-astrocyte network, the effect of changing astrocyte network structures on the seizure activities is then studied in two typical network structures: the regular neighboring connection and the random connection. The results show that an increase of the number of regular connections of the regular neighboring astrocyte network could inhibit the induction and spread of the epileptic seizures. The epileptic inhibition can be achieved similarly by increasing the connection probability of the random astrocyte network. These findings further provide evidence for the experimental phenomena of the protective response of gliosis to epilepsy with increasing gap junctions. Above all, the simulation results suggest a potential pathway of epilepsy treatment by targeting the astrocyte gap junctions.
The anti-atherosclerosis effect of anakinra, a recombinant human interleukin-1 receptor antagonist, in apolipoprotein E knockout mice
Authors: Ku Eu Jeong , Kim Bo-Rahm , Lee Jee-In , Lee Yun-Kyung , Oh Tae Jung , Jang Hak C. , Choi Sung Hee
Published: June 2021

Purpose Interleukin (IL)-1β plays an important role in the atherosclerosis pathogenesis. We aimed to investigate the effect of anakinra, a recombinant human IL-1 receptor antagonist, on the progression of atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E knockout (ApoE−/−) mice.Methods ApoE−/− mice (8-week male) were treated with saline (control), anakinra 10, 25, and 50 mg/kg, respectively (n = 10 in each group). Mice were fed a standard chow (4 weeks) followed by an atherogenic diet (35kcal% fat, 1.25% cholesterol, 12 weeks). Atheromatous plaques and expression of inflammatory genes and signaling pathways in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), rat aortic smooth muscle cells (RAOSMCs), and 3T3-L1 adipocytes were assessed.Results The plaque size of aortic arch (30.6% and 25.2% at the 25mg/kg and 50mg/kg doses, both P < 0.05) and serum triglyceride were significantly reduced in anakinra-treated ApoE−/− mice and inflammatory genes (IL-1β and IL-6) expressions in anakinra-treated HUVECs and RAOSMCs were suppressed (all P < 0.05). In RAOSMCs, anakinra reduced metalloproteinase-9 expression in a dose-dependent manner and inhibited RAOSMC migration in a wound healing assay. Anakinra-treated mice exhibited a trend toward lower CD68 + macrophage infiltration in visceral fat and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 expression was reduced in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.Conclusion IL-1 blockade with anakinra significantly reduced atherosclerotic plaque formation in ApoE−/− mice. Also, anakinra reduced expression of inflammatory genes in endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, and adipocytes and ameliorated processes involved in vascular remodeling. Anakinra could be a useful component of complementary treatment with standard regimen to reduce the residual cardiovascular risk.
Evaluation of Symmetric Dimethylarginine and Doppler Ultrasonography in the Diagnosis of Gentamicin-Induced Acute Kidney Injury in Dogs
Authors: Elgazzar Youssef Mohamed Yassein , Ghanem Mohamed M. , Abdel-Raof Yassein M. , Kandiel Mohamed.M.M. , Helal Mahmoud
Published: June 2021

Acute kidney injury is a common problem in dogs and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality, so this study was aimed to evaluate Symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA), Doppler ultrasonography including resistive index (RI) in the diagnosis of acute kidney injury in dogs. Ten healthy mongrel dogs were injected with gentamicin sulphate 10% at the dose of 30 mg/ kg body weight daily for ten days for induction of acute kidney injury. Clinical, Biochemical, Ultrasonographic, Doppler ultrasonographic examinations, and urinalysis were performed for all dogs on zero day before induction, on the 5th day, and the 10th day of induction. The results of the current study showed a significant increase in plasma level of SDMA, serum urea, creatinine, phosphorus, potassium, and a significant decrease in serum sodium, calcium, and chloride on the 5th day and 10th day of induction, there was an increase in renal cortical echogenicity of right and left kidney compared to adjacent liver and spleen, respectively. RI value showed a significant increase on the 5th day and 10th day of induction. This study showed that SDMA is a sensitive, and promising biomarker for diagnosis of acute kidney injury in dogs compared to routine biomarkers also, the RI of Doppler ultrasonography is useful for early identifying acute kidney injury when the only observable change is an increase in cortical echogenicity.
Circulating miR-181 is a prognostic biomarker for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Hornstein Eran , Magen Iddo , Coenen-Stass Anna , Yacovzada Nancy , Grosskreutz Julian , Lu Ching-Hua , Greensmith Linda , Malaspina Andrea , Fratta Pietro , Yanowski Eran
Published: June 2021

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a relentless neurodegenerative syndrome of the human motor neuron system, for which no effective treatment exists. Variability in the rate of disease progression limits the efficacy of ALS clinical trials, suggesting that developing of better biomarkers for prognosis will facilitate therapeutic progress. Here, we applied unbiased next-generation sequencing to investigate the potential of plasma cell-free microRNAs as biomarkers of ALS prognosis, in 252 patients with detailed clinical-phenotyping. First, we identified miRNAs, whose plasma levels remain stable over the course of disease in a longitudinal cohort of 22 patients. Next, we demonstrated that high levels of miR-181, a miRNA enriched in neurons of the brain and spinal cord, predicts a >2 fold risk of death in discovery cohort (126 patients) and an independent replication cohort (additional 122 patients). miR-181 performance is comparable with the established neurofilament light chain (NfL) biomarker and when combined together, miR-181+NfL establish a novel RNA-protein biomarker pair with superior prediction capacity of ALS prognosis. Therefore, plasma miR-181 predicts ALS disease course, and a novel miRNA-protein biomarker approach, based on miR-181+NfL, boosts precision of patient stratification and may greatly enhance the power of clinical trials.
Association of Dietary Inflammatory Potential (DIP) and Endothelial Function Biomarkers among Female Nurses of Isfahan Hospitals
Authors: Gholizadeh Mohammad , Falahi Ebrahim , Keshteli Ammar Hassanzadeh , Nik Ahmadreza Yazdan , Saneei Parvaneh , Esmaeilzadeh Ahmad , Saedisomeolia Ahmad
Published: June 2021

Background: Dietary inflammatory index (DIP) is a new dietary index designed to evaluate individuals’ diets. In addition, adhesion molecules are important biomarkers for assessing endothelium inflammation that they related to atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. Also, there is no study for assessing the association between adhesion molecules and DIP until now as well as other studies that assessed the relationship between dietary inflammatory index or DIP have controversy. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to determine the correlation between DII and endothelial markers such as E-selectin, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1) among female nurses from Isfahan. In this study, dietary inflammatory potential (DIP) was used instead of DII.Methods: This study was performed on 420 healthy nurses. The nurses were selected by random cluster sampling method from private and public Isfahan hospitals. A validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was applied to assess the dietary inflammatory potential. A fasting blood sample was collected for measuring the plasma levels of the endothelial markers and other variables. Results: After adjusting different potential confounders, no statistical association was found between DIP and sICAM-1, E–selectin and sVCAM-1 in model I (P=0.57, 0.98 and 0.45), model II (P=0.57, 0.98 and 0.45) and model III (P=0.67, 0.92 and 0.50) in comparison to the crude group (P=0.35, 0.83 and 0.49, respectively). Conclusions: The results revealed that the plasma levels of endothelial markers including E-selectin, sICAM-1, and sVCAM-1 were not significantly associated with DIP in female nurses.
Harvesting Vibration Energy and Wind Energy by a Bi-stable Harvester: Modeling and Experiments
Authors: Li Haitao , Dong Bojian , Cao Fan , Qin Weiyang , Ding Hu , Chen Liqun
Published: June 2021

In realistic environments, there often appears the concurrence of base excitation and blowing wind. Harvesting both vibration energy and wind energy by an unique harvester is attractive. In this paper, we proposed a harvester integrating bi-stability and galloping to realize this aim. The nonlinear dynamical model of the bistable energy harvester under concurrent wind and base excitations is established. The galloping effects on the responses are explored based on the established model, for both harmonic and random excitations. The corresponding experiments are conducted to validate the theoretical prediction. The experimental results are consistent with the simulation results. At a wind speed of U=2 m/s, the bandwidth of large-amplitude inter-well motion of the bi-stable energy harvester is extended by about 18.5%. The critical random excitation level for snap-through is reduced by 58% and the total output voltage at random excitation is increased by 53.4%. Thus, the harvester could scavenge the wind and vibration energies at a high efficiency. These conclusions could be helpful for improving the harvesting efficiency in the real environment.
Genetic Spectrum and Clinical Features in a Cohort of Chinese Patients with Autosomal Recessive Cerebellar Ataxias
Authors: Cheng Hao-Ling , Shao Ya-Ru , Dong Yi , Dong Hai-Lin , Yang Lu , Ma Yin , Shen Ying , Wu Zhiying
Published: June 2021

Background: Although many causative genes have been uncovered in recent years, genetic diagnosis is still missing for approximately 50% of autosomal recessive cerebellar ataxia (ARCA) patients. Few studies have been performed to determine the genetic spectrum and clinical profiles of ARCA patients in the Chinese population.Methods: Fifty-four Chinese index patients with unexplained autosomal recessive or sporadic ataxia were investigated by whole-exome sequencing (WES) and copy number variation (CNV) calling with Exome Depth. Likely causal CNV predictions were validated by CNVseq. Results: Thirty-eight mutations including 29 novel ones were identified in 25 out of 54 patients, providing a 46.3% positive molecular diagnostic rate. Ten different genes were involved, and the four most common genes were SACS, SYNE1, ADCK3 and SETX, which accounted for 76.0% (19/25) of the positive cases. The de novo microdeletion in SACS was firstly reported in China and the uniparental disomy of ADCK3 was reported for the first time worldwide. Furthermore, the clinical features of the patients carrying SACS, SYNE1and ADCK3 mutations were summarized. Conclusions: Our results expand the genetic spectrum and clinical profiles of ARCA patients, demonstrate the high efficiency and reliability of WES combined CNV analysis in diagnosing suspected ARCA, and emphasize the importance of complete bioinformatics analysis of WES data in making an accurate diagnosis.
Clinical, Echocardiographic and Cardiac MRI Predictors of Outcomes in Patients with Apical Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Yin Yanwei , Hu Wenjing , Zhang Lishu , Wu Dan , Yang Chengjiang , Ye Xinhe
Published: June 2021

Purpose: The clinical prognosis of apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (ApHCM) is still controversial in the previous study. Moreover, there are limited studies on the prognostic risk factors of ApHCM. The present study aimed to observe the clinical prognosis of ApHCM and to identify the predictors of poor prognosis in clinical, echocardiographic and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging.Methods：A total of 126 patients with ApHCM were identified retrospectively from January 2008 to December 2018. Adverse events were defined as a composite of cardiac death, progressive heart failure, myocardial infarction, thromboembolic stroke, appropriate implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) interventions for ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation, and new-onset atrial fibrillation (AF).Results: During a mean follow-up of 96.8±36.0 months, clinical events were observed in 34 (27.0%) patients. The patients who experienced events were older and had higher incidence of heart failure. The patients with clinical events had higher incidence of non-sustained ventricular tachycardia and had larger LAVI and thicker apical thickness than those without clinical events, and were more frequently with LGE presence. The peak systolic mitral annular velocity (s’) was higher in patients with clinical events patients with events.Conclusions: ApHCM was not as benign as expected. Age≥55 years，LAVI≥36.7 ml/m2, s’≤6.7cm/s along with NSVT and LGE were independent risk factor for poor prognosis of ApHCM.
Lactation Counseling for Maintaining Exclusive Breastfeeding in Adolescent Mothers: A Trial Protocol
Authors: Sabogal Iliana Milena Ulloa , Domínguez-Nariño Claudia Consuelo , Mendoza-Monsalve Mary Alejandra
Published: June 2021

Adolescent mothers have lower rates of initiation, continuation, and exclusivity of breastfeeding, and even more so in the first pregnancy. Current interventions target adult women, and little evidence is available for breastfeeding promotion among adolescents. This is a pilot study protocol with a parallel, single-blind, randomized, controlled trial design, to evaluate the effectiveness of the intervention “Lactation Counseling” in first-time adolescent mothers to maintain exclusive breastfeeding in the first six months of life. The control group will receive routine education in prenatal care and prenatal and childbirth classes and, the experimental group will receive additionally the intervention “Lactation Counseling”, for four weeks, both conducted by trained nurses. The primary outcome will be the exclusive breastfeeding rate; and the secondary, the breastfeeding knowledge. Measurements will be taken at baseline, post-intervention, and two, four and six months after childbirth. This study will allow the evaluation of the feasibility of an intervention in low-income, Latin American population adolescents.
Amyloid PET-Positive Predictability of Machine Learning Algorithm Based on MDS-OAβ Levels
Authors: Youn Young Chul , Pyun Jung-Min , Kim Hye Ryoun , Kang Sungmin , Ryoo Nayoung , Park Young Ho , Shin Hae-Won , Kim SangYun
Published: June 2021

Background: The Multimer Detection System-Oligomeric amyloid-β (MDS-OAβ) level is a valuable blood-based biomarker for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). We used machine learning algorithms trained using multi-center datasets to examine whether blood MDS-OAβ values can predict AD-associated changes in the brain.Methods: A logistic regression model using TensorFlow (ver. 2.3.0) was applied to data obtained from 163 participants (amyloid positron emission tomography [PET]-positive and -negative findings in 102 and 61 participants, respectively). Algorithms with various combinations of features (MDS-OAβ levels, age, gender, and anticoagulant type) were tested 50 times on each dataset. Results: The predictive accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity values of blood MDS-OAβ levels for amyloid PET positivity were 78.16±4.97%, 83.87±9.40%, and 70.00±13.13%, respectively.Conclusions: The findings from this multi-center machine learning-based study suggest that MDS-OAβ values may be used to predict amyloid PET-positivity.