bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Translatoryka – początki konstytuowania jej rozumień, zadań i akademickiego statusu oraz jej relacje do lingwistyki i glottodydaktyki
Authors: Grucza Franciszek
Published: May 2021

This article is a synthesis of three texts that explicate their author’s views on the topic of translatology in its reference to linguistics (language studies), metalinguistics, applied linguistics, glottodidactics (foreign language learning and teaching), as well as many related issues. The first part of the article forms an introduction to the two other texts dating back to the early 1980s; the latter two illustrate the outline of the author’s thought on the research problems mentioned above. This introduction is necessary to situate the contemporary readers’ reception of the latter two texts and to unveil the innovative nature of the analyses they contain when seen from the developmental angle. Even more intriguing are those remarks that disclose the gradual evolution of the author’s views on the topics under analysis. The reader will also find the author’s detailed recommendations on the potential fields of further research worthy of interest to young generations of language researchers and practitioners in the domains of language teaching and translation/interpreting, as well as other experts in professional communication. Undeniably, it would behoove that wide group of readers needs to add this text to their short list of reads.
Między przekładem wiernym a parafrazą: wpływ czynników socjolingwistycznych na dobór techniki tłumacza
Authors: Charzyńska-Wójcik Magdalena
Published: May 2021

The aim of the article is to analyze two Psalter translations, translation by Richard Rolle into English, and by Walanty Wróbel into Polish, in order to determine factors which may have influenced the translator’s choice of translation techniques. Subsequent sections describe the sociolinguistic context of the times when the translations originated, the target language, as well as translation techniques used to obtain the target text. Medieval attitudes towards translated texts seem to have had almost no influence on the choice of a translation technique; thus, the author draws an elicit assumption that the translation style had no correlation with the cultural context, understood as a special attitude towards religious texts. The addressee had an influence on the final shape of translation, but they did not influence specific translation techniques used to render the text.
Cenzura w Biblii
Authors: Majewski Marcin , Sporniak Artur , Szostek Teresa , Czajkowski Michał
Published: May 2021

The article focuses on the analysis of an interview regarding Bible translation and related censorship. The author comments on the statements of one of the interlocutors, adding her own insights and analyses. Bible translators make certain parts of the text more approachable, as was the case with the refrain to Song of Songs, which, in most translations, mentions “embracing” while the protestant Bible contains the correct translation, i.e. “caressing.” Similarly, translators correct the Bible, as they have a different notion of what a sacral text should look like. For example, they introduce neutral phrases instead of offensive words. In Czajkowski’s opinion, translators often censor the Bible, trying to make the text less blunt. However, sometimes discrepancies are a result of not understanding the original text. Not always are these differences a consequence of the translator’s work, though. It is clearly visible e.g. in the case of “pneuma,” a word which can be translated into ghost or soul, spelled with a small letter, or the Holy Ghost. The author does not support the so-called “inclusive” translation. The inspired text should not be changed. Such changes can be replaced with explanations or comments. In order to discover the original meaning of the Holy Scripture, one can compare one of the Polish translations with translations into other foreign languages or other translations into Polish.
Przekładoznawstwo jako domena językoznawstwa antropologicznego
Authors: Chruszczewski Piotr P.
Published: May 2021

The article starts with the well-known assumption that our most basic working material in the process of translation is language. Language is an integral part of culture, as its complex nature, being a sophisticated communication tool used for precise expression of thought and a part of the expressed thoughts, determines the fact that language is an element of reality and, what is more, it can significantly contribute to various types of changes of the reality in which it functions. However, there is no language that is given once and for all. Languages are notorious for all the changes that take place in them, and also for all the changes which they accelerate. Languages can be understood as sociocultural means in which humans adapt to their varying environments. Therefore, an act of translation is also an act of description of how people of a certain period were getting on in a particular socio-cultural environment. For that reason, I assert that the field of Translation Studies falls into the domain of Anthropological Linguistics.
Halaman Depan
Authors: Editorial
Published: May 2021

Editorial
ANALISIS KELONGSORAN TEBING DI JALAN AHMAD YANI KABUPATEN MURUNG RAYA PROVINSI KALIMANTAN TENGAH
Authors: Novry Saut Parulian Silaban  , M. Ikhwan Yani  , Okrobianus Hendri
Published: May 2021

Longsor merupakan gejala geologi yang umum terjadi dan akan terjadi untuk mencari keseimbangan alam. Faktor utama yang menyebabkan longsor adalah faktor geologi, iklim, vegetasi dan penggunaan lahan. Daerah kajian penilitian ini berlokasi di Kabupaten Murung Raya tepatnya di jalan Ahmad Yani. Kabupaten Murung Raya merupakan salah satu daerah yang memiliki potensi bencana tanah longsor. Kabupaten Murung Raya merupakan daerah dengan topografi berbukit hingga bergunung sehingga hal tersebut menjadi salah satu penyebab terjadinya bahaya longsor. Umumnya longsor terjadi pada saat hujan lebat. Ketika musim hujan tiba terjadilah peningkatan jumlah air infiltrasi yang berdampak pada tanah jenuh air, maka pori tanah mudah hancur dan agregasi tanah menjadi sangat lemah sehingga ketahanan geser tanah menurun. Dalam penelitian ini untuk menentukan faktor keamanan pada daerah longsoran menggunakan perhitungan manual dengan Metode Bishop. Parameter yang digunakan untuk menentukan faktor keamanan pada lereng yaitu sudut geser dalam (?) dan kohesi (C). Pada lapisan pertama nilai ? = 10° dan nilai C = 130 kN/m3, pada lapisan kedua nilai ? = 16° dan nilai C = 90 kN/m3. Dari hasil analisis perhitungan di dapat faktor keamanan pada daerah longsoran FK = 0,91. Dengan faktor keamanan yang di dapat termasuk kritis atau sudah terjadi longsoran dan perlu dilakukan penanggulangan yang baik dengan meningkatkan dinding penahan tanah yang ada sebelumnya.
ANALISIS KEBUTUHAN AREAL PARKIR MOBIL BANDAR UDARA TJILIK RIWUT PALANGKA RAYA DENGAN METODE JICA
Authors: Nitta Rahayu  , Robby  , Murniati
Published: May 2021

Bandar udara Tjilik Riwut adalah Bandar udara terbesar di Kalimantan Tengah. Jumlah penumpang Bandara Tjilik Riwut pada tahun 2018 mencapai 1.025.590 penumpang. Angka tersebut meningkat sekitar 10 persen dibanding tahun 2017 yakni 934.002 orang. Seiring dengan meningkatnya pertumbuhan pergerakan penumpang, maka diperlukan kajian lebih lanjut guna mengetahui kebutuhan dan permintaan terhadap penyediaan areal parkir. Tujuan penelitian adalah menganalisis kebutuhan areal parkir mobil Bandara Tjilik Riwut. Metode yang digunakan untuk memperoleh data berupa data primer dan data sekunder. Data primer diambil melalui survei lapangan berupa survei lahan parkir dan survei jenis/tipe kendaraan. Data sekunder diambil dari PT. Angkasa Pura II (Persero) KC Bandara Tjilik Riwut berupa layout eksisting parkir bandara, data jumlah kendaraan parkir, data jumlah keberangkatan dan kedatangan penumpang, dan luas lahan parkir dan kapasitasnya (jumlah petak parkir). Berdasarkan data yang diperoleh dianalisis kebutuhan parkir menggunakan metode JICA (Japan International Cooperation Agency). Hasil analisis yang diperoleh berdasarkan perhitungan kebutuhan parkir dengan metode JICA adalah sebesar 13.024 m2 dan berdasarkan hasil penelitian dibutuhkan luas areal parkir sebesar 4070 m2. Berdasarkan analisis kebutuhan parkir dengan metode JICA untuk areal parkir mobil diperlukan penambahan luasan areal parkir sebesar 8734 m2, dan berdasarkan hasil penelitian, areal parkir yang ada masih dapat memenuhi kebutuhan parkir untuk kondisi saat ini.
Halaman Belakang
Authors: Editorial
Published: May 2021

Editorial
ANALISIS FAKTOR KESELAMATAN DAN KENYAMANAN PENGGUNA JALAN PADA PEKERJAAN PERBAIKAN JALAN DI KOTA PALANGKA RAYA (STUDI KASUS: JALAN BUKIT KAMINTING)
Authors: Ramadhani  , Veronika Happy Puspasari  , Dewantoro
Published: May 2021

Perkembangan sektor infrastruktur pada beberapa tahun ini menunjukkan kemajuan dalam pembangunannya. Perkembangan tersebut tidak terlepas dari program pemerintah dan kepala daerah. Kemajuan perekonomian suatu daerah salah satunya ditunjang oleh sektor infrastruktur. Dalam pendistribusian suatu barang tentu membutuhkan sebuah transportasi. Jalan merupakan hal penting dalam pendistribusian barang. Jalan yang baik mampu mempercepat proses distribusi dari daerah satu ke daerah yang lain. Pengguna Jalan adalah orang yang menggunakan jalan untuk berlalu lintas dan Ruang Lalu Lintas Jalan adalah prasarana yang diperuntukkan bagi gerak pindah kendaraan, orang, dan/atau barang. Dari hal tersebut keselamatan dan kenyamanan pengguna jalan merupakan hal yang harus dipenuhi, maka diperlukan adanya perawatan jalan. Dari perawatan jalan tersebut memerlukan kegiatan konstruksi jalan yang dapat membahayakan keselamatan dan kenyamanan pengguna jalan. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menyebarkan kuesioner kepada 100 responden yaitu masyarakat di sekitar lokasi perbaikan dan pengguna jalan tersebut. Kuesioner yang lengkap dan layak dianalisis lebih lanjut sebanyak 100. Analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif. Hasil dari analisis ini menunjukan bahwa faktor yang paling mempengaruhi keselamatan pengguna jalan adalah Kelengkapan rambu lalu lintas di sekitar kawasan perbaikan jalan, karena mendapatkan hasil mean (rata-rata) paling tinggi yaitu sebesar 4,24 dan faktor yang paling mempengaruhi kenyamanan pengguna jalan adalah Efektivitas perjalanan akibat perbaikan jalan, karena mendapatkan hasil mean (rata-rata) paling tinggi yaitu sebesar 4,45.
ANALISIS PERBAIKAN TANAH MENGGUNAKAN GEOTEKSTIL PADA LAPISAN SUBGRADE PROYEK PEKERJAAN JALAN (STUDI KASUS: PENINGKATAN JALAN G.OBOS XXIV KOTA PALANGKA RAYA)
Authors: Rachael Tunas Pratama  , Fatma Sarie  , Okrobianus Hendri
Published: May 2021

Beban yang diterima jalan pada saat mulai digunakan secara terus menerus dapat mengakibatkan penurunan pada struktur jalan. Oleh karena itu kemampuan daya dukung dan stabil-itas tanah perlu diperhatikan. Salah satu cara mengatasi permasalahan tersebut adalah dengan menggunakan metode geotekstil. Geotekstil adalah material lembaran yang berperan sebagai bahan perkuatan untuk tanah lunak, seperti yang dilakukan pada proyek peningkatan jalan di jalan G.Obos XXIV Kota Palangka Raya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis penggunaan geotekstil pada lokasi proyek apakah sudah mencapai angka syarat faktor keamanan dan mengetahui apakah penggunaan geotekstil berpengaruh dalam membantu memperbaiki daya dukung tanah. Dalam penelitian ini perhitungan stabilitas timbunan dalam pemakaian geotekstil di atas tanah lunak ditin-jau terhadap 3 kemungkinan tipe keruntuhan, yaitu: keruntuhan kapasitas dukung tanah, stabilitas internal, dan stabilitas tanah pondasi. Hasil yang didapat setelah dilakukan pengujian laboratorium dan dilakukan analisis perhitungan pada titik pengambilan sampel didapat hasil dari ketiga kemung-kinan tipe keruntuhan tanah tersebut mempunyai nilai yang telah memenuhi faktor syarat keamanan dan juga setelah dipasang geotekstil pada lokasi proyek, maka terjadi peningkatan pada nilai CBR tanah.
ČAHĀR ZAHAGĀN IN MIDDLE PERSIAN LITERATURE
Authors: Jafari-Dehaghi Mahmoud
Published: May 2021

One of the main features of Sasanian era was the philosophical movement through which Iranian thinkers became familiar with new ideas. Xusrow The First ordered some philosophical texts, such as Aristotle’s Book of Logic, to be translated from Greek into Pahlavi. They also introduced some texts from India and translated them from Sanskrit into Pahlavi. Through the process of translation, many Pahlavi philosophical terms were coined. They are scattered among the Pahlavi texts such as Dēnkard, Bundahišn, Wizīdagīhāī Zādsparam and so on. The aim of this paper then is to introduce one of the well-known terms called čahār zahagān or four elements. In addition to other meanings mentioned in the article the term čahār zahagān denotes to the four elements of soil, wind, water and fire by which the whole world is constructed. This idea was borrowed by Iranian translators presumably from Greek and Roman philosophers. During the Islamic period the term čahār zahagān has a more broad meaning. From their point of view the Greater World or gēhān ī wuzurg was comparable to the human body or gēhān ī kōdak
BEYOND THE WORDS. SOME CONSIDERATIONS ABOUT THE WORD “TO TRANSLATE” IN SUMERIAN
Authors: Seminara Stefano
Published: May 2021

At least from thebeginning of the2nd millennium BC onwards, the translation from Sumerian into Akkadianrepresentedan important part ofthescribal activity in ancient Mesopotamia. Neverthelessa verbdescribingthespecificactivityof theliterary translation is not known eitherin Sumerianor inAkkadian: inim-bal means “to speak (in order to resolve a misunderstanding)”, “to interpret” and onlyrarely “to translate” (while the word eme-bal, which is known from the 3rdmillennium onwards, designates thesimultaneous translator). Thisis not surprising: on the one hand, there was no real need for translations(the scribes knewboth languagesand the restof the population was illiterate); on the other hand, SumerianandAkkadianwere not consideredtwo different languages, butthe two perfectly symmetrical sides of one singleoriginal idiom(eme-ha-mun /lišānmithurti). Sumerianwas the “dark” side of this language:therefore the so-calledtranslationsare ratherinterpretationsof the originalSumerian texts, madein order todisclosetheir deeply hidden meaning. The verbinim-bal, literally meaning “to go beyond the word”, suits well this kind of intellectual activity
Down at the Devil's Crossroad: Romanticizing Robert Johnson
Authors: Roessner Jeffrey
Published: May 2021

Since the release of King of the Delta Blues Singers in 1961, Robert Johnson has inspired breathless praise for his high, keening voice and extraordinary prowess on guitar. However, White musicians and fans have been accused of erasing the cultural context of his music as they “romanticize” Johnson as a loner whose talent appeared overnight and who was haunted by a brooding sense of sin. Recent critics argue that such a devil-obsessed figure never walked the earth. This essay argues that dismissing such responses to Johnson as mere romanticism undermines his artistry. The haunting quality of his music was not invented by Sixties musicians and critics. Rather, it resides in the performances themselves, a point evident in fan responses to slowed-down versions of his work that circulate online. Despite their hyperbolic devotion to him, musicians and fans give Johnson credit as a self-conscious artist with a carefully crafted style.
Exposure of Corynebacterium striatum to juniper berry oil results in a reduced-susceptibility population
Authors: Sandoval Camille , Justice-Bitner Stephanie
Published: May 2021

The emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains of microorganisms is a threat to global health and food security. As antibiotics become unable to eliminate disease-causing organisms, new compounds will need to be utilized. The use of essential oils as antimicrobials has been practiced for centuries, yet very little information about the ability of microorganisms to acquire resistance to these oils is available. In this study, we report on the generation of a juniper berry essential oil reduced-susceptibility population in Corynebacterium striatum.
A case of INR elevation with remdesivir and warfarin in a hospitalized patient with COVID-19
Authors: Yao Liyan , Byas William , Li Matthew , Saliaj Merjona
Published: May 2021

Treatments for COVID-19 infection have varied widely within the past year. Remdesivir is the only direct-acting antiviral approved by the Food and Drug Administration with demonstrated efficacy in the management of patients with COVID-19.[1] Commonly reported adverse effects include hepatotoxicity and gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea and diarrhea. Less common adverse effects include respiratory toxicity, cardiovascular toxicity and nephrotoxicity.[2] We report a case of international normalized ratio (INR) prolongation in a COVID-19 patient receiving concomitant warfarin and remdesivir therapy.
Os princípios do processo criativo no projeto de design de identidade gráfico-visual de marca
Authors: Schmiegelow Sarah Schmithausen , Sousa Richard Perassi Luiz de
Published: May 2021

Neste artigo é apresentada uma análise da etapa criativa de geração de alternativas em design de identidade gráfico-visual de marca. A análise é baseada em três princípios, retirados da literatura sobre técnicas de solução criativa de problemas: (1) abordagem intuitiva ou racional; (2) uso de estímulos relacionados ou não ao problema; e (3) associação livre ou forçada de elementos. Os resultados apontam o predomínio da intuição, estímulos relacionados ao problema e associações livres. Assim, a experiência e sensibilidade estética do designer são determinantes na gestão do percurso criativo e geração de ideias originais.
Análise do posicionamento de atistas visuais manauaras sobre a criação de um sistema de comunicação para a divulgação de suas obras
Authors: Araújo Anna Lôyde Abreu de , Pacheco Karla Mazarelo Maciel
Published: May 2021

Este trabalho é parte de uma pesquisa de dissertação de mestrado cujo objetivo é propor um sistema de comunicação que promova a divulgação do trabalho artístico visual manauara. Para isso, o artigo tem como abordagem a análise do posicionamento de artistas visuais manauaras sobre a criação desse sistema. A estrutura deste conteúdo contempla uma pesquisa qualitativa, do tipo bibliográfica e documental, com utilização de entrevistas com especialistas do campo da arte. Como resultado, apresenta-se a definição do produto mais apropriado a ser desenvolvido.
A inserção do design universal e disciplinas correlacionadas nas instituições de ensino superior em design no Brasil: um panorama geral obtido por meio dos sites institucionais
Authors: Suris Bruna Da Silveira , Meurer Heli , Ribeiro Vinícius Gadis
Published: May 2021

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar as matrizes curriculares das Instituições de Ensino Superior em Design (IES) no Brasil, a partir de uma pesquisa qualitativa de caráter descritivo e com procedimento técnico de análise sistemática. Foram analisadas 140 IES por meio dos sites, quanto à matriz curricular, ementa e linhas de pesquisa de pós-graduação. A execução consistiu na investigação em base de dados e no uso de critérios para se chegar a uma amostragem final.
Mídias físicas na indústria fonográfica brasileira: uma abordagem gráfica e emocional do design
Authors: Pereira Eluanna Neves Ribeiro das Neves , Gomes Rogério Zanetti
Published: May 2021

O artigo investiga a indústria fonográfica brasileira quanto às mídias de reprodução musical e sua relação afetiva com o usuário. Apresenta um panorama histórico dos suportes gráficos utilizados e resgata parte da teoria do design emocional para compreender a interação do indivíduo com meios físicos e digitais. O levantamento de dados através de questionário virtual foi realizado juntamente à entrevista com o pesquisador Egeu Laus, a fim de verificar a relação do usuário com os suportes musicais, com enfoque na experiência obtida pela mídia física.
Design universal aplicado no desenvolvimento conceitual de ducha doméstica
Authors: Werner Eduarda , Martins Glaucia Inácio , Medeiros Ivan Luiz de
Published: May 2021

O objetivo deste estudo é trazer os principais pontos contribuintes para o desenvolvimento conceitual de uma ducha doméstica inclusiva e não-estigmatizada. A ascensão desse segmento de produtos tem crescido consideravelmente e está diretamente ligada aos princípios do Design Universal. Para a metodologia, utilizou-se o Design Thinking, onde os resultados aqui apresentados consistem em um processo de desenvolvimento de produto centrado no usuário, repercutindo em uma proposta de chuveiro que contemple necessidades de uma população pouco prestigiada em acessibilidade de produtos.
A Quasi-Experimental Study on Social Emotional Learning and Primary Prevention
Authors: Sollom Melissa
Published: May 2021

The purpose of this quasi-experimental study was to determine the efficacy of the Top 20 social emotional learning (SEL) program and how their SEL curriculum may lead to an increase in SEL. The secondary goal of this study was to explore how the social emotional competencies of self-awareness, self-management, social awareness, relationship skills, personal responsibility, decision-making, optimistic thinking, and goal-directed behavior may play a significant role in a child and adolescent’s social emotional development. A total of 359 middle school students participated in the study. The experimental group consisted of 170 students and the control group consisted of 189 students. Two middle school teachers at the school helped embed and teach the Top 20 SEL curriculum and monthly SEL lessons to all students in the experimental group. The teachers completed the Devereux Student Strengths Assessment (DESSA) pre-test one month into the study and the DESSA post-test five months later. The descriptive analysis revealed an increase in all eight social emotional competencies for the experimental group with a total SEL difference score of M = 8.23. The Top 20 SEL program has demonstrated how experience and practice in SEL skills are more likely to lead to an increase in SEL.
Installation of Test Setup and Measurement Procedures in Fir Wood Hydraulic Conductance Measurement
Authors: Esin Koksal Suheyla , Gunduz Gokhan , Kalkat Menderes
Published: May 2021

For a hydraulic conductor, through which liquid flows, hydraulic conductance (K, ml·s-1·MPa-1) is defined as the ratio of pressure difference at the inlet and outlet to the fluid amount passing through the hydraulic conductor in a unit time period. This property is one of the key functions of the wood, and is obtained by the flow rate (F – Flow, ml·s-1) along the wood sample divided by the pressure difference driving the flow (DP, MPa). This study aimed to establish a test setup to determine the hydraulic conductance values of Uludağ Fir (Abies bornmulleriana Mattf.). A test setup was established to measure the amount of water that flows in samples and pressure difference in characterized capillary tubes. In addition, calibration of the test apparatus is explained in detail. Fir wood samples taken from Yedigoller, which is affiliated to Kale Operation Chieftainship and Bolu Forest Regional Directorate, of 4 mm in diameter and 3 cm in length were prepared and hydraulic conductance measurements were performed, and the results are presented in this article. The installed test setup was used to obtain the following information about trees: operation of the hydraulic conduction system, the amount of needed water, seasonal effects and stress-related changes.
SIMPLE RINGS WITH $(R,R,R)$ IN LEFT NUCLEUS
Authors: KLEINFELD ERWIN , KLEINFELD MARGARET
Published: May 2021

It is shown that assummg associators in the left nucleus, simple rings with identity and characteristic$\neq 2$ must be associative.
ON DEGREE OF APPROXIMATION OF FUNCTIONS BELONGING TO THE WEIGHTED $(L^p, \xi(t))$ CLASS BY $(C, 1)(E, 1)$ MEANS
Authors: LAL SHYAM
Published: May 2021

In this paper, a theorem on the degree of approximation of the function belonging to the weighted class $W(L^p, \xi(t))$ by $(C, 1) (E,1)$ means is establishe.
Aktywność fizyczna w profilaktyce i leczeniu dolegliwości odcinka szyjnego kręgosłupa
Authors: Malińska Marzena , Wiśniewski Ernest
Published: May 2021

Dolegliwości odcinka szyjnego kręgosłupa stanowią poważny problem w populacji osób pracujących. Są od wielu lat niezmiennie jedną z głównych przyczyn absencji chorobowej Polaków, generując ogrom kosztów związanych z rosnącymi wydatkami na opiekę zdrowotną i niezdolność do pracy. W artykule przedstawiono analizę piśmiennictwa dotyczącego skuteczności ćwiczeń ukierunkowanych na profilaktykę oraz leczenie dolegliwości odcinka szyjnego kręgosłupa. Mając na uwadze również praktyczny aspekt przygotowano zestawy ćwiczeń fizycznych dla osób uskarżających się na tego typu dolegliwości.
Ocena ryzyka ekspozycji pracowników na promieniowanie UV na wybranych stanowiskach pracy
Authors: Pawlak Andrzej
Published: May 2021

W artykule dokonano analizy potencjalnych zagrożeń wynikających z emisji promieniowanie nadfioletowego oraz przedstawiono kryteria oceny zagrożenia tym promieniowaniem. Scharakteryzowano źródła promieniowania – elektryczne promienniki oraz technologiczne źródła promieniowania UV. Następnie przedstawiono wyniki oceny ryzyka zawodowego dla przykładowych stanowisk pracy, na których występuje ekspozycja pracowników na promieniowanie UV.
A Review of Management Methods and Modern Treatments for Chemical Wounds
Authors: Ahmadi Ashtiani Hamid Reza , Noori Garmroodi Amir Reza , Hazrati Ebrahim
Published: May 2021

: Generally, burns can occur for a variety of reasons, including heat, electricity, cold, and chemical exposure. Chemical burns are very important because of their irreversible and unpredictable physical and mental effects, both at work and at home, even intentionally. Approximately 2 to 11% of burns are chemical burns. In Iran, due to the increasing prevalence of acid attacks in recent years, besides the high growth of industries working with acids, such as dyeing, goldsmithing, and battery manufacturing, the importance of finding a rapid, efficient, and inexpensive treatment method has been highlighted.
A tutorial for joint modeling of longitudinal and time-to-event data in R
Authors: Cekic Sezen , Aichele Stephen , Brandmaier Andreas M. , Köhncke Ylva , Ghisletta Paolo
Published: May 2021

In biostatistics and medical research, longitudinal data are often composed of repeated assessments of a variable and dichotomous indicators to mark an event of interest. Consequently, joint modeling of longitudinal and time-to-event data has generated much interest in these disciplines over the previous decade. In behavioural sciences, too, often we are interested in relating individual trajectories and discrete events. Yet, joint modeling is rarely applied in behavioural sciences more generally. This tutorial presents an overview and general framework for joint modeling of longitudinal and time-to-event data, and fully illustrates its application in the context of a behavioral study with the JMbayes R package. In particular, the tutorial discusses practical topics, such as model selection and comparison, choice of joint modeling parameterization and interpretation of model parameters. In the end, this tutorial aims at introducing didactically the theory related to joint modeling and to introduce novice analysts to the use of the JMbayes package.
Étude sur la propension à tricher aux examens à l’université : élaboration et processus de validation du Questionnaire sur la tricherie aux examens à l’université (QTEU)
Authors: Frenette Eric , Fontaine Sylvie , Hébert Marie-Hélène , Éthier Mikhaël
Published: May 2021

Cet article présente la démarche en sept étapes visant à maximiser l’obtention de preuves de validité qui a mené à l’élaboration duQuestionnaire sur la tricherie aux examens à l’université(QTEU). Composé de 28 énoncés répartis sous 7 facteurs (propension à tricher aux examens, influence des pairs, modalités pour tricher, contexte institutionnel, perception de contrôle, but de performance et engagement dans les études), le QTEU a été conçu en prenant appui sur une analyse conceptuelle approfondie de la littérature scientifique sur la tricherie aux examens et sur les travaux de Frenette, Hébert, Thibodeau et Ndinga (2018) sur la manière d’élaborer un questionnaire présentant diverses preuves de validité. Grâce à ses qualités psychométriques acceptables, le QTEU vient combler un besoin de questionnaire de langue française sur la propension à tricher aux examens et permet de mesurer son étendue auprès des étudiants universitaires.
La conscience translinguistique des futurs enseignants de français de la Saskatchewan : le cas des déterminants possessifs
Authors: Thibeault Joël , Quevillon-Lacasse Claude
Published: May 2021

Dans le cadre de cet article, nous décrivons la conscience translinguistique, en anglais et en français, liée aux déterminants possessifs chez neuf futurs enseignants de français de la Saskatchewan. Autrement dit, nous rendons compte, à l’aide de données issues d’un questionnaire à questions ouvertes et d’une tâche de traduction justifiée, de leur habileté à utiliser ces déterminants en production, à en expliquer le fonctionnement dans les deux langues et à en retracer les similitudes et les différences en français et en anglais. Les résultats montrent notamment que les participants savent utiliser ces déterminants dans les deux langues et qu’ils en comprennent le fonctionnement en français. En ce qui concerne l’anglais, les explications du fonctionnement des déterminants possessifs que proposent nos participants sont généralement pertinentes, quoiqu’elles ne le soient pas autant que celles ayant trait au français.
Ruwen Ogien au secours des éducateurs scolaires : une pensée pour réduire quelques apories éducatives
Authors: Lorius Vincent
Published: May 2021

Les projets éducatifs sont, par nature, des visions enchevêtrées de moyens et d’objectifs qui tentent de faire face à des apories éducatives. Ce texte propose d’envisager les apports de la pensée de Ruwen Ogien pour cela. On y examine ainsi successivement les possibilités offertes pour la sanction éducative, l’orientation et la prise en charge de la difficulté scolaire au moyen des notions de « faiblesse de la volonté », de non-nuisance et de l’idée de supériorité des droits sur les valeurs. En fin de compte sont apportés quelques arguments montrant que le minimalisme moral défendu par Ogien peut permettre à la fois de penser de façon plus assurée certaines apories éducatives, tout en augmentant le nombre des questions ouvertes à la discussion. C’est bien parce que c’est souvent le cas lorsque l’on s’appuie sur les travaux de ce précieux philosophe que l’on peut rendre hommage à son oeuvre.
Going Circular: Indigenous Legal Research Methodology as Legal Practice
Authors: Hanna Alan
Published: May 2021

Working in Indigenous communities evokes thoughts about appropriate research methodologies. The default to academic methodologies raises questions about what Indigenous research methodologies might look like. Although there is growing discourse on this subject, I often wonder why Indigenous methodologies still tend to follow Western academic approaches. In this paper, I explore possibilities for alternative ways of understanding Indigenous research methodologies that are aligned with Indigenous practices. I argue that when research is conducted according to the ways and worldview of a particular Indigenous group, the researcher will find themselves practising the laws of that society, as many legal principles are exhibited through the manner in which a person walks in the world. Legal research specifically invites and encourages researchers to work in accordance with the very principles being learned. A methodology arising from a particular worldview and the legal order that it entails will promote practices long entrenched in its communities. Walking in such a manner allows a person to break free from traditional Western methodologies and begin to see the world through the cyclical movements of Indigenous knowledge and practice.
Era de la tecnología cuántica: de la computación cuántica a la biología cuántica de sistemas
Authors: Cavaller Víctor
Published: May 2021

En un artículo reciente se apuntaba la necesidad ineludible de acometer retos de escala planetaria ante la pandemia de la COVID mediante iniciativas consorciadas internacionales como la que necesitó a principios del siglo XXI el Proyecto del Genoma Humano (HGP, del inglés Human Genome Project) y que suscitó el desarrollo de la biología de sistemas. En este artículo se revisa la interesante convergencia de esta nueva disciplina con otras emergentes como la computación cuántica y la biología cuántica, relación que está recibiendo una creciente atención científica, empresarial y social.
Object-oriented methods of analyzing the parameters of interaction of speech and music language
Authors: Stepanets Elizaveta
Published: May 2021

The article considers the methodological principles of analyzing the parameters of interaction of speech and music language in the context of object-oriented methods of Astafiev’s intonation theory, Yavorsky’s concept of music speech, the views on and ideas about the intonation basis of speech of Bonfeld, Medushevsky, Aranovsky and Nazaikinsky, and the new system of interaction of speech and music in the works of Helmut Lachenmann and  Luciano Berio. Music language and speech are the phenomena allowing for various intersections, complementarities and mutual interferences. These factors manifest themselves in various aspects spotlighting particular sides of these parameters characterizing speech and music language. Since there’s no unified methodology for analyzing these parameters at the moment, it is reasonable to study a music composition as a text (in a broad sense) using various methods of analysis. The author suggests considering the parameters of interaction of speech and music language in terms of object-oriented methods. In the works of composers, music and speech have different forms of interaction and, consequently, need to be studied via different analytical approaches. Comprehensive consideration of a piece of music as a text (by means of various approaches) allows considering it as an intercultural universum representing the code of the epoch. Based on the peculiarities of interpretation of voice as an instrument, and speech as music, and the opportunities it gives, the author formulates the classification of creative methods and principles and the system of analysis which can be used in musicology.   
The principle of modeling as a means of classification of instrumental ensembles with a domra
Authors: Lygina Elena Vladimirovna
Published: May 2021

The present article, developing a comprehensive approach to the classification of instrumental ensembles with a domra, aims at detecting the principles which can serve as a basis for the creation of various models of such objects. The author suggests analyzing the aspects of existence of the phenomenon under study from various positions: as music groups, and from the viewpoint of music compositions created for such groups. The article considers and compares the models of concert groups according to the number of their members and instrumental components, as well as according to the genre and style peculiarities of the repertoire of instrumental ensembles with a domra and their cooperation with composers. This classification method helps to comprehensively cover the work of a large number of musicians, both the members of ensembles and composers. The modeling of various systems of the creation of methods of classification of instrumental ensembles helps to study the peculiarities of the existence of such groups in modern music culture. The author arrives at the conclusion that at present, the music performance spectrum of Russia contains a vast range of ensembles with various instrumental contents and different numbers of members. The diversity of genre and style models of such groups is reflected in their repertoire - from folklore, classical music and modern composers schools to jazz, rock, pop-music and performance.   
Ilya Heifetz’s violin concerto: revisiting the issue of the Jewish national identity
Authors: Cheremnykh Galina Aleksandrovna
Published: May 2021

The article considers the instrumental creative work of a modern Russian-Israely composer Ilya Heifetz. His life and creative experience has two definite stages: Russian (before 1991) and Israely, and each of them is marked with the problem of reconsidering national roots in life and work. One of the examples of addressing this problem in Heifetz’s compositions of the Soviet period is his violin concerto. The author of the research considers the composer’s combination of the patterns of the academic genre and the intonational and structural peculiarities of Jewish folklore as an attempt to comprehend his national identity. The intonation and thematic analysis of the concerto compared with the composer’s statements distilled from his personal letters allows concluding about the presence of a concealed program revealing the problem of the history of the Jewish people and national character and reflecting the peculiarities of comprehension of their national identity by the subethnic group of Russian Jews. Since the main characteristic of this subethnic group is the Russian language and Russian culture perceived through it, the author of the research focuses on the way the peculiarities of the Russian composing school manifest themselves in this piece of music based on the Jewish intonations and genres.   
A.Katz’s art of interpretation: theatre and play aspect
Authors: Voinova Daria
Published: May 2021

The research object is the performance art of a well-known Saratov musician Anatoly Katz (1936-2017), who was one of the brightest representatives of not only Saratov piano art, but the music culture of the entire region. The research subject is the theatre and play aspect of Katz’s interpretation considered through the example of R. Schumann’s “Coloured Leaves”, op.99. The purpose of the research is to define the techniques of music and play theatricalization in A. Katz’s art of interpretation. The author analyzes the role of a theatre and play component in the performance activity of the Saratov pianist, his attitude to the process of interpretation and play as a special type of creative thinking. The author uses the historical and art review methods, the culturological and comparative methods which help to detect the prerequisites of formation of Katz’s performance style, his views on interpretation and the mechanisms of cooperation of a composer and a performer. For the comparative analysis, the author uses the recordings of Schumann’s “Coloured leaves” made by other well-known pianists: V. Ashkenazy, V. Sofronitsky, S. Richter. The scientific novelty of the research consists in the fact that it is the first attempt to take a scientific approach to A. Katz’s art of interpretation using R. Schumann’s music. The research shows that the theatre and play aspect to a great extent defines the direction of Katz’ s creative process, and differs it from other similar interpretations. The characteristic feature of Katz as an interpreter is his focus on cooperation with a composer, search for an individual interpretation, rethinking of the original composition. It results in a “director’s” approach to composing the cycle, increase of contrast between the parts and within each of them, fantasy and personification of images, active use of agogics and, consequently, focused attention to particular details of the composition.   
Carbon and nitrogen ratio and δ13С values ​​in polygonal landscapes on the coast of the Gulf of Oneman, Chukotka
Authors: Vasil'chuk Alla Constantinovna , Budantseva Nadine Arkad'evna , Vasil'chuk Yurij Kirillovich , Vasil'chuk Jessica Yur'evna , Bludushkina Lyubov' Bakhtiyarovna
Published: May 2021

The subject of the study is the analysis of the ratio of carbon (C) and nitrogen(N) and δ13C values in polygonal landscapes on the coast of Onemen Bay, near the Anadyr city. The maximum values of carbon (59.09%) and nitrogen (2.18%) in peatlands were obtained at a depth of 1.1 m in a narrow peat vein. The values of δ13C in the peatlands on the coast of Onemen Bay vary from -24.1% to -28.6%, the N content varies from 0.37% to 3.24%, the C content varies from 3.1% to 59.09%, the C/N value varies from 8.3 to 34.4.The values of δ13C and C/N values in the 1.5-m peat correspond to C3 plants, the values of δ13C and C/N values for a 2.5–m peat suggest the presence of algae along with plants C3. Fluctuations in the nitrogen and organic carbon content in the section of a 1.5-meter peatland to a depth of 0.8 m are synchronous, which suggests an autochthonous mechanism of peat accumulation, below depth of 0.8-1.2 m, there is a lightening of the carbon isotope composition, which suggests the participation of reworked organic matter in the beginning of peat accumulation. Fluctuations in the nitrogen and organic carbon content in the section of a 2.5-meter peat bog are synchronous, which suggests an autochthonous mechanism of peat accumulation.
Geochemistry of groudwater and surface water in the Sentsa River Basin (Eastern Sayan Ridge)
Authors: ALEKSEEV SERGEI , ALEKSEEVA LIUDMILA , ORGILIANOV ALEKSEI
Published: May 2021

The object of this research is the groundwaters and surface waters of the Sentsa River Basin. The area of explorations is situated in the Eastern Sayan hydrogeological folded region. Cold and thermal waters occur in the PR and PZ metamorphic and igneous rock. These waters are discharged through the spring series in the river valleys laid along fault zones. The main type of fieldwork was hydrogeological sampling. The analysis of the macrocomponent composition of waters was conducted in the «Geodynamics and Geochronology Center» (Institute of the Earth’s Crust SB RAS, Irkutsk), the trace element composition was determined by ICP MS on an Element-2, Finnigan MAT (Germany) at the Vinogradov Institute of Geochemistry SB RAS (Irkutsk). The scientific novelty consists in the fact that this article provides not only the characteristics of chemical composition of cold and thermal waters, but also the primary data on the distribution of microelements in the ground and surface waters of the Sentsa River Basin. Groundwater (thermal and cold) are revealed to have a bicarbonate Ca-Na composition, withal river and lake waters are generally bicarbonate Ca. Thermal waters (in the Khoyto-Gol River Basin) are largely enriched in Li, Be, B, Si, Mn, Ge, As, Br, Rb, Sr, Cs, Ba, W and depleted in Al, P, Cu, Zn, Ag relative to surface and rainwater. The REE distribution profile in groundwater and surface waters have peculiarities that are characterized by a positive europium anomaly and the prevalence of light REE over heavy ones.
Continuous authentication using deep neural networks ensemble on keystroke dynamics
Authors: Aversano Lerina , Bernardi Mario Luca , Cimitile Marta , Pecori Riccardo
Published: May 2021

During the last years, several studies have been proposed about user identification by means of keystroke analysis. Keystroke dynamics has a lower cost when compared to other biometric-based methods since such a system does not require any additional specific sensor, apart from a traditional keyboard, and it allows the continuous identification of the users in the background as well. The research proposed in this paper concerns (i) the creation of a large integrated dataset of users typing on a traditional keyboard obtained through the integration of three real-world datasets coming from existing studies and (ii) the definition of an ensemble learning approach, made up of basic deep neural network classifiers, with the objective of distinguishing the different users of the considered dataset by exploiting a proper group of features able to capture their typing style. After an optimization phase, in order to find the best possible base classifier, we evaluated the ensemble super-classifier comparing different voting techniques, namely majority and Bayesian, as well as training allocation strategies, i.e., random and K-means. The approach we propose has been assessed using the created very large integrated dataset and the obtained results are very promising, achieving an accuracy of up to 0.997 under certain evaluation conditions.
First days at sea: depicting migration patterns of juvenile seabirds in highly impacted seascapes
Authors: Louzao Maite , Delord Karine , García David , Afán Isabel , Arcos José Manuel , Weimerskirch Henri
Published: May 2021

Increasing human activities have detrimental consequences on marine ecosystems and their impact can have cumulative effects. Within marine ecosystems, seabirds respond to ecosystem variability and face multiple human pressures, especially threatened species. In long-lived species, juveniles and immatures could represent up to 50% of the total population, but their migratory movements remain largely unknown. Here, we depict the migratory patterns of juvenile Balearic shearwaters Puffinus mauretanicus, the most threatened European seabird, using miniaturised satellite transmitters. At the end of the 2012 breeding season, five tagged juveniles left the breeding colonies of Eivissa Island (western Mediterranean) the first week of July. They moved westwards to reach the Atlantic Ocean between 3 and 13 days afterwards. Juveniles showed a two-phase migratory pattern: they first travelled slower close to the breeding colonies, and then moved towards their wintering areas in the Atlantic Ocean by rapid directional movements. Environmental cues (e.g.,marine productivity, water mass distribution, frontal systems) might have a prominent role in driving the migratory patterns of juvenile Balearic shearwaters, moving from warm and poor marine areas in the Mediterranean Sea to cooler and rich non-breeding grounds in the Atlantic Ocean. Based on observational findings, we observed certain spatial overlap of juvenile Balearic shearwaters with areas of high human impact, but the relationship between flying travel speed and both fishing effort and cumulative human impacts were not statistically significant. These results suggest that more research is needed to assess whether the movement patterns of migrating juveniles are affected by human activities. Therefore, understanding the at-sea spatial ecology of juveniles should be a priority for research and conservation due to the importance of this population component in long-lived species, as well as assessing their vulnerability to multiple anthropogenic pressures.
Artificial light source selection in seaweed production: growth of seaweed and biosynthesis of photosynthetic pigments and soluble protein
Authors: Huang Shitao , Li Ke , Pan Yaoru , Yu Yan , Wernberg Thomas , Bettignies Thibaut de , Wu Jiaping , Zhou Chaosheng , Huang Zhixing , Xiao Xi
Published: May 2021

Seaweed growth is often limited by light. Artificial light supply has been well studied in terrestrial agriculture, however, much less is known about its effect in seaweed aquaculture. In this study, the effects of four artificial light sources (white, red, green, and blue LEDs light) on a brown algaSargassum fusiformeand a green algaUlva pertusawere investigated.Seaweed growth, accumulation of photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyllaand carotenoid), and soluble protein were evaluated. White LED light was the optimal supplementary light when cultivatingUlva pertusaandSargassum fusiforme, because it promoted seaweed growth while maintaining protein production. Meanwhile, red LED was unfavored in the cultivation ofS. fusiforme, as it affected the seaweed growth and has a lower residual energy ratio underneath the water. LEDs would be a promising supplementary light source for seaweed cultivation.