bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
P01-306 - Trait Anxiety Predicts Quality of Life in Patients with Heart Failure Independently of the Severity of Disease
Authors: Samartzis L. , Dimopoulos S. , Manetos C. , Agapitou V. , Bouchla A. , Tasoulis A. , Drakos S. , Terrovitis J. , Nanas S.
Published: June 2010

Objectives

The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between anxiety personality trait, Quality of Life (QoL) and severity of disease in a Greek population of patients with Chronic Heart Failure (CHF).

Methods

Twenty-seven consecutive CHF outpatients (22 males, 5 females; age: 56±12) were asked to answer the Greek version of the Trait Anxiety subscale of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), as a part of a thorough cardiological and psychiatric clinical evaluation. QoL was assessed with the Greek version of the disease-specific Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire (KCCQ). Multiple linear regression was conducted to determine the best linear combination of Trait Anxiety scores and severity of disease scores, for predicting KCCQ Overall Summary Score. The indices of disease severity that were used were New York Heart Association (NYHA) class in the first model and VO2peak in the second model.

Results

For the first model (adjusted R2=0.557, F(2,20)=14.816, p< 0.001), NYHA class (B=-8.430, SE=3.965, beta=-0.323, p< 0.05) as well as Trait Anxiety (B=-0.886, SE=0.225, beta=-0.597, p< 0.05) significantly predict KCCQ Overall Summary Score.

For the second model (adjusted R2=0.616, F(2,19)=17.848, p< 0.001), VO2peak (B=17.998, SE=8.374, beta=0.317, p< 0.05) as well as Trait Anxiety (B=-0.884, SE=0.208, beta=-0.626, p< 0.001) significantly predict KCCQ Overall Summary Score.

Conclusions

Trait Anxiety predicts QoL independently of disease severity in CHF and therefore should be considered in the assessment of patient health status as well as in the design of treatment interventions and rehabilitation.
P01-307 - Levothyroxine, Mental Confusion and Attempted Suicide
Authors: Santos A. , Botega N.J. ,   Consultation Liaison Psychiatry Study Group
Published: June 2010

Objectives

To illustrate, with a case report, the risk of suicide in general hospitals among inpatients with acute confusion or delirious states.

Methods

The review of a patient record who represents an instance of this risk is reported.

Results

A Brazilian farmer, with incomplete elementary education, was admitted to the General Infirmary of Adults, from the Clinical Hospital of the State University of Campinas-Brazil (Unicamp), diagnosed with a hypothyroidism mixedematous myopathy, which led to the following clinical sequence: rhabdomyolysis, myoglobinuria and acute renal failure. An accidental iatrogenic levothyroxine poisoning precipitated or exacerbated the confusion in this previously weakened patient, leading to psychiatric symptoms of delirium. When a bed was brought to the corridor by nurses, he considered it an ambush. Anxious, wanting to flee, he pitched himself from the 6th floor (8 meters). The fall was partly contained by a protection net. Following the episode, the psychiatric disorder was reversed, after temporary introduction of haloperidol, with no new episodes.

Conclusions

Physicians should recognize confused states to identify and treat the underlying causes and to prevent the development of its complications. Besides clinical and psychiatric care for patients with confused and agitated states, several other measures are recommended when aiming to prevent suicide in a general hospital, such as: restriction of access to means of suicide (windows and hazardous balconies); placement of protective nets; training of the care team for early detection and intervention in any mental disorders; assessment of suicide risks before hospital discharge.
P01-310 - Fatigue, Anxiety and Depression in Cancer Patients
Authors: Tel H. , Tel H. , Dogan S.
Published: June 2010

Objectives

This study is realized as a descriptive study in order to investigate the fatigue, anxiety and depression in cancer patients.

Methods

The study was conducted on 80 patients who stay in an oncology hospital between 1st of February and 31st of July 2009 with the diagnosis of the cancer. The data of the study was collected with personal information form (PIF), Cancer Fatigue Scale (CFS) and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS).

Results

A positive significant relation was determined between fatigue, anxiety and depression levels of the patients (p< 0.05). As the fatigue increased, anxiety and depression also increased. It was determined that there was a negative significant relation between hemoglobin level and fatigue, anxiety, depression. As the hemoglobin level decreased, fatigue, anxiety and depression increased. The level of fatigue, anxiety and depression was higher in female patients. Patients who have another disease and indicated that the disease hinders the activities of daily living had a higher level of physical ad cognitive fatigue. Literate patients had high level of physical, emotional, cognitive fatigue and depression; patients who are high school graduates had higher levels of emotional fatigue.

Conclusions

There is a close relationship between fatigue, anxiety and depression in cancer patients. As the fatigue increases, anxiety and depression also increase. Convenient attempts should be planned in order to evaluate the case of fatigue, anxiety and depression comprehensively in treatment and care process of the cancer patients.
P01-313 - Psychotic Exacerbations in a Patient with Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Yazici A.B. , Yazici E. , Kirpinar I.
Published: June 2010

Objective

There is retrospective evidence of a correlation between psychosis in multiple sclerosis (MS) however comorbidity of Psychosis in MS patients is a less frequent condition and the treatment of this condition seems to be hard and complex.

Case

32 years old, male patient with MS had psychotic symptoms simultaneously with exacerbations of MS symptoms for three times in three years.

The first psychiatric episode was one year after he had the diagnosis of MS due to episodes of difficulty in walking and determination of demyelination plagues by MRI. Irritability, delusions of jealousness and persecutions, agitation, drug refusal were occurred simultaneously with the exacerbated symptoms of MS as right sided hemiparesia. He had been hospitalized and treated with olanzapine and high dose of corticosteroids. After this first episode he had two simultaneous episodes of psychosis with similar symptoms to previous one and exacerbations of MS with more severe symptoms as additional urinary incontinence. He was treated with olanzapine and corticosteroids in all episodes. The psychotic symptoms were remitted and the symptoms of MS were improved partially.

Conclusion

Psychosis is not a prominent feature of MS, occurring in 5% of cases. The relationship between lesions of the central nervous system and psychiatric illness has not been established yet. Some reports have implicated the contribution of acute demyelination to psychosis. In this case the simultaneous episodes of MS symptoms and psychosis suggest a common etiology. Prospective studies are required both about the common etiology and treatment.
P01-321 - Mental Health of Immigrants in Germany
Authors: Bermejo I. , Maier I. , Ruf D. , Pessentheiner H. , Berger M. , Härter M.
Published: June 2010

With respect to mental health disorders, there are cultural and migration-related differences in the personal experience and the way of dealing with them. However, the association between migration experiences and the development and the continuation of mental health disorders respectively, remain unclear. Epidemiological studies on mental health disorders of migrants rarely exist, even though such information is decisive for the appropriate medical care of this target group. We therefore conducted a cross-sectional survey regarding mental health of immigrants in Germany attending in non-health specific counseling agencies of welfare associations. Besides somatization symptoms (Beschwerdeliste (BL)) and symptoms of mental disorders (depression: patients’ health questionnaire (PHQ-D); anxiety: GAD-7; hazardous alcohol consumption: AUDIT), data on the social and occupational situation, as well as on the migration background was acquired. Data of n= 506 immigrants (55.5% female) were analyzed (age: 54.7 ± 12.4). The immigrants stems from the states of the former Soviet Union (n= 196), Turkey (n= 77), Italy (n= 95) and Spain (n= 67). Overall, 27.1% show evidence for a somatization disorder, 15.8% for a depressive disorder and 23.1% for increased anxiety (GAD-7 ≥ 5). 16.0% of the respondents show evidence of hazardous alcohol consumption. The study provides empirically profound information about the mental health of immigrants, who attend non-health specific counseling agencies. The analysis, subject to the migration status and socio-demographic factors, allows the development of measures of the enhancement of health care for this group regarding mental health.
P01-329 - Development and Evaluation of an Aboriginal Mental Health Screening Instrument
Authors: Janca A.
Published: June 2010

Objectives

To develop and evaluate a culturally appropriate instrument for screening of mental health problems in Aboriginal people.

Methods

A ten-item screening instrument has been developed in collaboration with indigenous and non-indigenous health and mental health professionals. Subsequently, the instrument was evaluated in urban and rural parts of Australia for its cultural applicability, reliability and validity. The evaluation process included collection and analysis of both quantitative and qualitative data.

Results

A novel instrument entitled “Aboriginal Here and Now Assessment” is based on the Aboriginal holistic view of health and covers ten culturally relevant physical and mental health domains including: general wellbeing, physical health, anxiety, depression, suicide risk, substance use, psychotic experiences, functioning, contextual issues and resilience. The instrument uses a visual severity scale and contains a symptom summary which can be used for providing a feedback to the individual.

Conclusions

There is a paucity of culturally appropriate instruments for screening and assessment of Aboriginal mental health problems. The newly developed tool appears to be culturally applicable for screening of mental heath problems in Australian Aboriginal people. The instrument is available for further evaluation across other indigenous populations around the world.
P01-332 - An update: prevalence of Alcohol use and Related Problems in Belarus
Authors: Osain Welcome M. , Alekseevic Pereverzev V.
Published: June 2010

This study reviews recent data on the rate of alcohol use and related problems in the general population in Belarus. In recent times the rate of alcohol use and related problems like liver diseases, psychoses, etc are on a significant increase. It has been suggested that the increase in the rate of problems associated with alcohol use in this country is partly due to the behavioral peculiarities of young and middle adults. Current epidemiological data show that over 90% of the young and middle adult population use alcohol. The data of the adult population is rather contradictory. Some surveys show a greater proportion of the adults (age >50 yrs) population engaged in drinking, compared to the young and middle adults. Others show lower prevalence. Our analysis shows that, although alcohol use in significantly high in the adult population, it is still lower compared to the young and middle adults. Problems of alcohol use are also lower among the adults by a significant margin. These differences might be due to the peculiarities of socialization, as well as neurobiological mechanisms underlying age-related changes with alcohol use in the different population groups.
P01-333 - Alcohol problems Among Foreigners and the Natives: a Prevalence Study in Belarus
Authors: Osain Welcome M. , Alekseevic Pereverzev V.
Published: June 2010

Background

Alcohol use is a major public health problem and contributes to the burden of disease world-wide. The problem of alcohol use might defer among the natives and foreigners in a given cultural milieu.

Aim

To screen for the prevalence of alcohol use among the native Belarusians and foreigners.

Materials and methods

1517 respondents (172 foreigners and the rest native Belarusians) from different cities in Belarus enrolled for the study. Standardized questionnaire containing the AUDIT, CAGE, MAST and other alcohol-related questions were administered to all respondents. The Student's t and Pearson, χ2 tests were employed for analysis of results.

Results

Alcohol users were 90% native Belarusians and 62% foreigners. Problem drinkers were 16% native Belarusians and 30% foreigners. A significant increase (in approximately 2 times) in the rate of alcohol use after a 2-4 years stay in Belarus was noted among the foreigners (p< 0.05).

Conclusion

There is a significant difference in the pattern of alcohol use among the foreigners and native Belarusians. The rate of alcohol use and related problems is higher among foreigners, compared to the native Belarusians.
P01-336 - Motivational Factors of Alcohol use Disorders: a Report of Students’ Survey in Belarus
Authors: Osain Welcome M. , Alekseevic Pereverzev V.
Published: June 2010

Introduction

Stacy and coauthors have noted that cognitive motivations of a person might be necessary for many behavioral patterns (drug or alcohol use etc). The expected consequences and perception determine whether the individual starts to use alcohol or not, regularly or misuse it, consequently leading to alcohol problems or not. Expectations and motives are the proximal factors in alcohol use. Many theories have been used to explain the pattern of alcohol use in the society. The self-effectiveness and motivational theories have been widely used to explain why people use alcohol. Alcohol users are mostly affected by the motives they prefer. For example, social factors are mostly associated with alcohol misuse. Alcohol use to reduce stress is associated with solitary drinking. As in many other countries, alcohol use is a major public health problem in Belarus.

Aim

To identify the motivational factors of alcohol use and related problems within the general students’ population in Minsk, Belarus.

Materials and methods

We analyzed the results of 1599 students in Minsk, Belarus, using the AUDIT, CAGE and other alcohol related questions.

Results and conclusion

Drinking to reduce bad mood (16.4%, p< 0.000001); on days of wages (14.9%, p< 0.00001); for the sweet qualities of alcohol (24.8%, p< 0.05); to get drunk (26.7%, p< 0.0001) were reported by 87.5% alcohol users (of which 17.7% were problem drinkers) as the major motivational factors of alcohol use and related problems.
P01-341 - Skin Color, Identity and Discrimination Among Brazilian University Students
Authors: Santos A. , Dogra N. , Neves M.C.C. , Dalgalarrondo P.
Published: June 2010

Objectives

To study the role of skin color as a distinct social component of racial/ethnic cultural identity in the context of Brazilian higher education students.

Methods

From an existing database holding information on 1,306 students at a Brazilian public university, economic, academic and demographic differences relating to skin color were explored, as well as their experiences of discrimination and stereotypes held by Black and Brown minority groups of students. As they share many features, they were analyzed together, regarding quantitative variables, and compared to the White majority group. Blacks and Browns were compared to one another when there was any quantitatively significant difference between them and for their responses to open-ended questions about racial/ethnic identity, experiences of racism and discrimination.

Results

Both Blacks and Browns share social markers of disadvantages in Brazilian society, which is accentuated in university populations. Black students show the worst social-economic status. Blacks also have a more established involvement with ethnic traditions and they report more experiences of discrimination than the Brown group of students.

Conclusion

Different factors influence the individual's cultural identity, which, in turn, leads to the development of particular perceptions, thoughts and attitudes. Blacks and Browns in Brazilian society share, besides African origins, similar indexes of social markers and both are socially disadvantaged, when compared to the White population. Nevertheless, they are not similar in other respects. This study found that self-declared Black students usually have a more developed sense of ethnicity and participation in themes related to Afro culture.
P01-348 - Gerontopsychiatry in Short Stay Units
Authors: Arnaiz A. , Zallo E. , Sarasola A. , Sánchez M. , Enjuto S. , Zumárraga M.
Published: June 2010

Objectives

Mental care of elder people has became very important in the last decades because of the development of gerontopsychiatry as an specialized area.

The aim of our proyect is to study the first admission in people over 60 years old in a psychiatric hospital.

Methods

This is a descriptive, retrospective study. There are analyzed clinical features of the first hospitalization of people over 60 that entered the hospital of zamudio during one year.

Results

65 people over 60 years old were admitted in the hospital for the first time. The main diagnoses were dementia (35%), bipolar disorder (35%) and psychotic disorders (24%). We didn’t find a relation neither between the days of hospitalization and the destination when release (t=-0,0503; p=0,617); nor between the days of hospitalizations and the diagnoses (ANOVA; F=0,17; p=0,841). In the other hand, there is a statistical signification between diagnoses and derivation when release, resulting that 60% of patients that went to asiles suffered from dementia (Fisher's exact test, p=0.012)

Conclusions

There is more evidence that some kinds of illness that start when people are old appeared to have different characteristics and probably a diverse ethiology. To resituate elder people when release depends on both psychological and social factors.
P01-356 - Casuistic Series with Escitalopram Treatment of Bpsd in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Konrad J. , Topinkova E.
Published: June 2010

Objectives

Behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) are common during the course of dementia and are associated with poor outcome for patients. There are some clinical data indicating that SSRI antidepressants have a positive influence on BPSD. Escitalopram has an excellent side-effect profile and might be a suitable treatment for BPSD in older demented patients.

Methods

An open-label observation of inpatients aged 65 to 90 years with a clinical diagnosis of probable AD and an MMSE score of 6 to 20 points and NPI total score ≥20 points treated with escitalopram for 8 weeks. The evaluation of improvement/worsening counted as ±10% change from baseline score in NPI and CMAI short. The results expressed in numbers of improved, unchanged and worsened patients.

Results

13 patients, 12 women and 2 men. The average age was 79.3 years, the average MMSE was 12.8 points. Three patients discontinued due to AEs (bronchopneumonia, progressive worsening of dementia, transfer to another institution). The other AEs were mild and not related to study medication.

 NPI patient scaleCMAI short scaleBaseline Day 1 (N=13)31.229.9Day 14 (N=13)27.126.9Day 28 (N=11)22023 7Day 56 (N=10)16.921 52 unchanged3 unchanged8 improved7 improved(5 of them much improved) defined as ≥62% reduction of score(5 of them much improved) defined as ≥38% reduction of score

Conclusions

Most patients exhibited a reduction of BPSD, half of them with a very substantial reduction. Patients exhibited very good tolerance of the medication.
P01-361 - Melas - How Much Do We Know and Should We Know More?
Authors: Mannali V. , Moran K. , Thomas I.M.
Published: June 2010

Introduction

Mitochodrial Encephalopathy, Lactic Acidosis and Stroke like episodes, better known as MELAS continues to be rare and psychiatric literature on this disorder remains sparse. This maternally transmitted genetic disorder is progressive and fatal.

Aims and objectives

The neurological and neurophysiological symptoms of the disorder can be made out from the name MELAS which does not convey the plethora of psychiatric manifestations it can have. The psychiatric presentations can range from anxiety disorders, attention deficit, eating disorders, personality disorders and psychoses of the paranoid or affective types. Psychopathology can precede or appear during the course of neurological symptomatology leading to dementia. More knowledge about the possible psychiatric presentations is required to help detection and develop management guidelines.

Methods

Awareness of MELAS can result only from cohort studies. In the background of nearly fifteen years' follow up of a cohort with heavy genetic loading, the role of psychiatry in managing ongoing symptomatology with scope for futuristic interventions is discussed.

Results

The fatality or the rarity of the disorder should not be a deterrant in charting out treatment guidelines for MELAS. Psychotropics, multidisciplinary care package and primary support net work maintain quality of life against progress of the disorder.

Conclusion

Understanding MELAS would help in maintaining and improving the quality of life of this patient group. MELAS requires further, in depth multidisciplinary studies. Comprehensive neuro-psychiatric, psychosocial and palliative models of management protocols need to be developed.
P01-368 - Between Schizophrenia and Dementia
Authors: Ribeiro A.E. , Ramalho e Silva F.
Published: June 2010

Introduction

Even Emil Kraepelin's description of dementia praecox emphasized the change in cognition and the long-term deteriorating course of schizophrenic patients, opposed to the ones having manic-depressive psychosis or paranoia.

Currently, neurocognitive impairment is considered a core component of schizophrenia, particularly affecting the domains of attention, executive-frontal lobe function, working memory, and episodic memory. The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex has been implicated in cognitive disorganization and current therapeutic options have only a modest effect on this chronic disability. Although these impairments cannot function as diagnostic tools, they are strongly related to the functional outcome of the illness, and have significant prognostic value.

Negative symptoms, such as poverty of speech or blunted affect, are among the most chronic symptoms of schizophrenia. They respond poorly to antipsychotics, and are widely suspected to reflect a dorsolateral frontal lobe dysfunction, as well. This negative dimension is associated with a poor long-term cognitive outcome and may be closely related to the primary cognitive deficit in schizophrenia.

Objectives and methods: The authors aim to provide an overview of the existing literature regarding these dimensions of schizophrenia, and the hypotheses of a possible association between schizophrenia and dementia.

Results and conclusions

Given the prognostic value of mild cognitive impairment, and regardless of the evidence of frontal lobe dysfunction in schizophrenia, few studies have examined the longitudinal relationship between psychosis and the development of (frontotemporal) dementia. This theoretical association raises the possibility that these distinct entities could result from a common neurodegenerative pathway.
P01-369 - Prevalence and Predictor Factors of Neuropsychiatric Symptoms in Institutionalized Patients Diagnosed with Dementia
Authors: Robles Castiñeiras A. , Reinoso Hermida S. , Díaz Grávalos G. , López González A. , García Caballero A.
Published: June 2010

Objective

To estimate the prevalence and severity of neuropsychiatric symptoms in patients with dementia in nursing homes, assessing their association with certain factors that may promote or prevent its occurrence.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was carried out. We included all elderly diagnosed with degenerative, vascular, or mixed dementia, stage 4 to 7 of the GDS, and residents in 6 nursing homes in the province of Ourense (Spain). The assessment of symptoms was performed using the Neuropsychiatric Inventory - Nursing Home (NPI-NH) test. A sample size of 120 individuals was determined to be necessary.

Results

We included 212 cases, with an average age of 85.7 (SD = 6.7) years. The prevalence of neuropsychiatric symptoms was 84.4%. The most common symptom was apathy, followed by agitation and delirium, the least frequent were euphoria and hallucinations. The symptom that produced most occupational disruption was agitation. Multivariate analysis showed that a higher score on the NPI-NH was associated with the use of neuroleptics, both typical and atypical, and with a higher score on the Reisberg Scale. Negative association was demonstrated with the number of days of institutionalization and the diagnosis of vascular dementia.

Conclusions

Patients with dementia in nursing homes in our area have a high frequency of neuropsychiatric symptoms that are associated with neuroleptic use and decreases as the patient remains institutionalized for longer. Patients diagnosed with vascular dementia have lower scores on the NPI-NH test.
P01-370 - Impact on Caregivers from Sleep Disturbances is Higher in Dementia with Lewy Bodies as Compared to Alzheimer's Dementia
Authors: Rongve A. , Boeve B.F. , Aarsland D.
Published: June 2010

Background

Behavioral and psychological symptoms in dementia are known to increase caregiver stress and proceed admission to a nursing home. We studied caregiver stress due to the impact of sleep disturbances in different types of mild dementia.

Method

A sample of 151 persons with mild dementia from the Norwegian DEMWEST- cohort and their caregivers. Sleep problems in dementia were studied with the Mayo Sleep Questionnaire and the Neuropsychiatric Inventory. Caregiver stress was studied with the Relative's Stress Scale.

Results

Caring for a person with mild dementia with any sleep disturbance significantly increased caregiver stress as compared to caring for a person with mild dementia without any sleep disturbances. (18.2 vs. 13.0, p=0.017) Caregivers to patients diagnosed as having mild Dementia with Lewybodies with any sleep disturbance reported significantly more stress as compared to caregivers to person with mild Alzheimer's Disease with any sleep disturbance. (14.7 vs. 21.7 p=0.010).

Conclusion

Sleep disturbances in mild dementia significantly impact on caregiver stress, more so in DLB as compared to AD.
P01-372 - Evolution of Semantic Dementia - a Case Report
Authors: Roque M. , Craveiro A.
Published: June 2010

Objectives

To report a case of diagnosis and progression of Semantic Dementia.

Methods

Case report data were obtained through three years’ follow-up, review of records, neuropsychological and imagiological studies.

Results

The 66 year old female patient presented with depressive complaints after the loss of her partner. With the remission of the depressive symptoms, the patient kept complaining of “forgetting words”. Her progressive verbal semantic memory impairment through the years and detailed examinations have revealed a naming and comprehension deficit. Scan pattern has shown progression of the left temporal-lobe variant of frontotemporal dementia.

Conclusions

The meagre psychopharmachological approach (SSRI) colud ot avoid the major disturbances in the patient's quality of life. Directive community and social support may be seen as the most powerfull tool available.
P01-373 - Neuroticizing MCI
Authors: Roque M. , Carriço P. , Morais I.
Published: June 2010

Objectives

The authors describe and compare two cases of sudden onset cognitive impairment in middle-aged women.

Methods

Review of clinical records, laboratorial data, neuropsychological and imagiological studies.

Results

Two women in the sixth decade of life with a similar background and pre-illness state were admitted in the Day Unit for evaluation. They both presented sudden onset of bizarre behaviours, mood swings, unspecific speech disorder, and appetite and sleep pattern deviation, accompanying mild cognitive impairment (MCI) on neuropsychological evaluation. Both cases were submitted to intensive studies. Data and long-term follow-up revealed a frontotemporal dementia in one of the cases, and the second woman was shown to have a conversive pseudodementia.

Conclusion

Cognition's progressive deterioration is considered a major marker of dementia, but mild cognitive impairment is a heterogeneous clinical syndrome without criteria on current classifications of disease and limited prognostic value.
P01-375 - Delirium is Marker of Frailty? Study in a Population Over 90-year Old Recovered in a Sicilian R.S.A.
Authors: Santangelo A. , Testai’ M. , Maugeri D.
Published: June 2010

Introduction

Delirium is a Acute Confusional State caused by physiological consequences of a medical disease, and is a predictive index of severity disease and survival time.

Methods

In this Study we valued, on random pool of 123 patients, the populations of older over 90yr aged recovered (29 patients) in the care of a RSA (Residential Sanitary Assisted in Italy or Nursing Home), compared with population younger afferent in RSA.

Results

In the populations recovered in RSA studied is evident the prevalence of Delirium in the population over 90 year aged is most common compared to other population studied (44% vs 17%), as major seem to be the Incidence of Delirium in over 90 year population (33,3% vs 12,76%).

This data confirm the existence of biological frailty in the very old over 90 year aged.

Moreover this data demonstrate reduction of rates Delirium's Incidence compared with prevalence's rates in a Setting of Care focused elderly needs as RSA as other Non Geriatric Acute Setting. The 3-Months Mortality is major in the 90 year old compared to non 90 year old population (33,3% vs 18%) confirming a predictive role of Delirium.

Conclusions

This study showed Delirium is a Marker of Biological Frailty and it is an index predictive inauspicious about the survival of patient. Moreover is marked the RSA - Territorial Structures High Psycho-Geriatrics Contents - performs important role of delirium's prevention by means of removal of the risk factor avoidable and a careful control of causes.
P01-379 - Study on the Intestinal Endotoxemia in the Cell Apoptosis of Alzheimer Disease Rats
Authors: Wang F. , Han D.
Published: June 2010

Objective

The objective of the present study was to explore the intestinal endotoxemia (IETM) in the cell apoptosis of Alzheimer disease's rats which were established by D-galactose and aluminum trichloride (AlCl3).

Methods

Adult wistar rats were subjected to 90 days of intraperitoneal injection with D-galactose and AlCl3 to establish the Alzheimer disease's model. After the administration, the study and memory ability of the Alzheimer disease's rats were observed by Morris water maze; The level of Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the sera of Alzheimer disease's rats was determined by tachypleus amebocyte lysate method; The level of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1 (IL-1) in the sera of Alzheimer disease's rats were determined by radioimmunity method; The apoptotic neuron was detected by TdT-mediated dUTP Nick End Labeling (TUNEL).

Results

Compared with the normal control, the level of LPS, TNF-αin the sera and PD in the brine of Alzheimer disease's rats were markedly increased (P< 0.01).

Conclusions

The level of LPS, TNF-αin the sera and PD in the brine of Alzheimer disease's rats were markedly increased, IETM maybe an important reason of the apoptotic in Alzheimer disease.
P01-382 - Catatonic Features I Eople with a Learning Disability and Autism: Implications for Treatment
Authors: Brand Flu R.
Published: June 2010

Aims

To extensively describe three patients including one child with catatonia anonymously in terms of etiology, management and outcome.

Method

Uncovering environmental factors and crude observations. All patients receive a low EE, low activity structured programmed.

Results

Mark an adolescent with mild learning disabilities and autism developed catatonic features, coinciding with anorectic behavior and ‘tears behind his eyes’. He has remained refractory for medication. At admission under the above named regime he discloses sexually abuse, which coincides with resolvement of the catatonic features and anorexiaPeter a male in his late twenties has a diagnosis of schizophrenia due to recurrent catatonic features. An extensive developmental history reveals a childhood onset dysexecutive syndrome. He has remained refractory to medication, even when compliant. Following marked changes in his life, a relapse catatonia is treated in the community as above with visual augmentation and regular tutorials on events. A few months later he accepts medication and continues to incidentally experience a few days of mild catatonic features.Martha, a thirty year old with a tendency to concrete thinking and echolalia develops sudden catatonic features following a relationship break up. She is admitted under the mental health act and undergoes the described programme. She is also put on Citalopram 10mg, which coincides with resolvement of catatonia in five days.

Conclusion

Cognitive impairment, particularly a dysexecutive syndrome is susceptibility for catatonia at a time of cognitive overload and trauma. An ongoing low EE low activity structured programme is key to recovery in milder cases.
P01-383 - Relationships Between Executive-cognitive Performances and Apathetic Dimension in Healthy Subjects
Authors: Di Rosa A.E. , Cambria R. , Pata M. , Crescenti M.C.
Published: June 2010

Apathy could be considered as the reduction or loss of capacity to plan, organize and make emotionally motivated behaviours. It is related to an altered functioning of prefrontal cortex; and it can be found in many both psychiatric and neurological disorders, although temperamental traits of apathy could be identified also in healthy subjects.

Objectives

The aim of our study is to assess the degree of apathetic dimension in healthy subjects and its correlation with the cognitive-executive functioning.

Materials and methods

Healthy subjects of both sex (n=50) were evaluated with Wisconsin Card SortingTest (WCST), Stroop Color/Word InterferenceTest and AB-AC Test for the neurocognitive assessment; the Apathy Evaluation Scale (AES) was used to quantify the degree of apathy.

Results

Positive correlation between the degree of apathy and the number of WCST perseverations were observed (ρ=0.022), no correlations between the Stroop Test (ρ=0.702) and the AB-AC Test (ρ=0.448) with Apathy Evaluation Scale were observed.

Conclusions

Our study demonstrated that apathy is related to widespread prefrontal cortex functioning in healthy subjects, but not with specific areas of prefrontal cortex.
P01-384 - First Episode Psychoses Psychometrical Evaluation: a 24 Months Observational Study with EASE and CAARMS
Authors: Cattaneo C.I. , Castignoli G.
Published: June 2010

Introduction

During last few years psychiatric research focused her attention on early psychotic disorders, Ultra High Risk subjects, at risk mental states (ARMS) etc in order to determine clinical criteria of prodromal illness states.

At the state of the art there is no evidence-based-approved scale for early diagnosis and the studies are for the most part dedicated to schizophrenia spectrum disorders.

Methodology

All the patients clinically remitted, suffered from a psychotic disorder during last 12 months (including schizophrenia spectrum, brief psychoses, psychotic bipolar illness) and high-risk subjects will be recruited and re-interviewed by expert clinicians. Psychometric classic scales (CGI, PANSS, BCIS, GAF) will be administered at the start of the study and after 2 years.

During the interviews two psychopatological scales will be also administered to all subjects ; a phenomenologically oriented one, EASE scale (Parnas et al 2003) and CAARMS (McGorry, Barnaby Nelson 2006).

During the 2 years observation, clinicians are requested to follow-up the patients and describe clinical and psychopathological modifications.

Results

The preliminary results will be presented at the congress.

Conclusion

This study focuses attention on psychotic illness dimension in order to better comprehend and grasp psychotic patients’ experience. A relationship between CAARMS-EASE score and clinical outcome is expected and will be discussed; thus could reinforce diagnostic and prognostic inference of early-diagnosis psychopatological scales. Limits of our study are the small sample and the brief temporal observation but are typical real-world conditions.
P01-392 - Medical Diagnoses and Psychiatric Diagnoses - the Difference and the Ensuing Consequences in the Light of Immanuel Kant’s philosophy
Authors: Mäser O.
Published: June 2010

Most medical diagnoses are based on symptoms and signs.

Psychiatric diagnoses are based on symptoms and phenomena, as are certain other medical diagnoses.

With reference to Immanuel Kant’s Critique of Pure Reason, it can be shown that symptoms and phenomena are ideal objects, which we conceive as terms in our mind.

In contrast, physical signs refer to real objects, to objects in an absolute sense. Therefore, most medical diagnoses can be determined objectively on a physical basis.

Ideal objects, such as psychopathological phenomena and symptoms, are mental schemes (schemes of terms in the mind) which do not refer to real objects and, consequently, we cannot prove them on a physical basis, only carefully weigh them in our mind and ponder the presence of a phenomenon (symptom).

This is the major difference between objective medical diagnoses, on the one hand, and psychiatric diagnoses and medical diagnoses that cannot be proven on a physical basis, on the other.

This basis of psychiatric knowledge needs to be acknowledged and taken into consideration both in psychiatric practice and in science.

Ensuing consequences are discussed through reference to quotations from Immanuel Kant’s works and to Wilhelm Griesinger, who was aware of the symptomatological basis of psychiatric diagnoses.
P01-396 - Mediсo-psychological Problems of Vascular Disorders
Authors: Panchenko O. , Liakh Y. , Radchenko S.
Published: June 2010

A research purpose is establishing a connection between the parameters of cerebral hemodynamics and psychological state at persons.

Objective

200 persons (20-55 years old) with the different state of vessels of cerebrum. In the (control) group 50 persons (30-42 years old) at which the state of the vascular system was within the limits of norm. In the II group - 70 man (34-46 years old) with discirkulyatory hypertensive encephalopathy (DE) II degrees, and in III - 80 persons in age 34-46 years, with the signs of DE III degrees.

Methods

Ultrasonic dopplerography vessels of cerebrum conducted in a duplex, as an ekstrakranial'nogo department: general carotid (WASP), vertebral artery (STEP), so transkranial'nym angioskanirovaniem: supratrochlear artery (NBA), perednemozgovaya artery (PMA) by the vehicle of «Sonomed-300». The got results were analysed in the statistical packages of Statistica 5.5, Statistica Neural Networks 4.0c, Medstat 2004.

Results

At persons with the disease of discirkulyatory hypertensive encephalopathy II and the III degrees there were reliable changes of row of indexes. For the exposure of meaningfulness of influence of factor signs the logistic regressive model of prognostication of pathology of the state of the vascular system was built (p< 0,001).

Conclusions

We can diagnose development and burdening of vascular pathology, both ekstrakranial and intrakranial river-beds and to expose the early forming of vascular disorders which are, either in the phase of functional vascular violations or to warn development of complications at the expressed vascular pathology.
P01-397 - Clinical Relevance of Self-disorders (Ich-Störungen) in Schizophrenia: a Review of Studies on Diagnosis, Factor Structure and Outcome
Authors: Papageorgiou K. , Pintsov O.
Published: June 2010

Objective

The notion of “Ich-Störungen” (self-disorders) depicts a major aspect of Kurt Schneider's concept of first rank symptoms of schizophrenia. Terms such as “passivity phenomena”, “delusions of alien control” and “ego pathology” have been used to characterise these phenomena once postulated to be pathognomonic for schizophrenia. The present review focuses on clinical studies examining the symptoms’ diagnostic and nosological implications.

Methods

We conducted a semi-structured literature review. 374 references were obtained using the key words “ego disorder/(psycho)pathology”, “thought insertion”, “alien control”, “passivity symptoms/phenomena/experiences”, “first rank symptoms”, “schneiderian” and “self disorders”. We distinguished two major fields of research:

(1)

neurobiological and neuropsychological studies based on phenomenological or neurocognitive paradigms;

(2)

studies on diagnosis and nosology (including assessment instruments and factor analyses), outcome and prognostic value.

Of the studies on the second field, 83 have clinical relevance and are reviewed here.

Results

Several specific instruments with sound foundations in psychopathology have been developed for the assessment of self-disorders; however, they have rarely been included in research. Factor analyses have consistently shown a highly loaded factor consisting of self-disorders, in some studies distinct from other first-rank symptoms. There is contradictory data on outcome and prognosis.

Conclusions

Self-disorders remain ill-defined and inconsistently included into diagnostic criteria, and therefore lack nosological significance. Their clinical relevance has been insufficiently studied, although they have been consistently shown to form a highly specific factor within the schizophrenia symptom spectrum. The present review stresses the need for a global definition of self-disorders on the basis of phenomenology.
P01-401 - Cancer in the Mind - Chemobrain in the Clinical Practice
Authors: Roque M. , Albuquerque E.
Published: June 2010

Objectives

An approach to chemobrain as a neuropsychiatric entity.

Methods

Literature review on chemobrain (OVID, 1998-2009) and revision of the patient's clinical records, neuropsychological evaluation and imagiological studies.

Results

A 44 year old female without previous psychiatric history has presented anxious and depressive complaints on the diagnosis of invasive breast cancer (stage T2 N1 Mx). By then she was subjected to surgery (modified radical mastectomy), FAC chemotherapy (fluorouracil, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide) and radiotherapy. For two years since the treatment, the patient has been presenting a mood-independent syndrome, characterized by concentration and memory impairment, fatigue and anergic symptoms, not being able to accomplish her work-related intellectual functions, and refractory to psychopharmacotherapy. Brain scan pattern is not abnormal. These symptoms are described informally since the early 80's as a syndrome named chemobrain.

Conclusions

As intensive therapeutic schemes and long time survival become reality, attention must be drawn to possible obstacles in post-cancer quality of life. Lack of consensus on the diagnosis of chemobrain and the absence of pre-illness neuropsychological evaluations are thoroughly mentioned in the literature as obstacles to implement this diagnosis. However severe professional and social changes on the patient's abilities are surely noteworthy of further investments.
P02-01 - Patterns of Management of 1st. Episode Psychoses in a City Mental Hospital in Kolkata
Authors: Acharya A.
Published: June 2010

Introduction

1st episode psychoses are a common attendance in a city mental hopital, like Calcutta Pavlov Hospital in Calcutta & they constituse approximately 35-40% of new OPD registration in a day. These data is derived from the OPD register during the period 1st Jan 08-30th june09. The average new consultation in this opd is around 38 patients/day, and old repeat consultations usually around 300 case.

Objectives

Management style usually practiced in this hospital is detailed here with the proportion of different management & their type as diagonosed on the 1st day.

Aims

Here this presntation of style in a devoloping country with meagre facities may be assesed & compared with those in other countries in Europe.

Methods

1st episode psychosis in new OPD attended cases are 12-14/day.They constitutes BPMD, hypomania 40%,Schizoprenia 30%, delusional disorders10%,Brief psychotic Disorder 8%,Pshyotic behavioral disurbances 5% and other non-specified psychoses 6-7%.

50-55% of 1st episode recieve drug only and after 7 days follow up return 80-90% become calm and tranquile with majority of their positive sypmtoms like delutions, hallucination losing sharpness. In 1/3rd no. of cases, mainly with violent, aggressive or refusal to medication inj. preparations are used. Previousely 1-2 cases were given ECT treatment, but that is stopped after Govt. banned ECT in OPD setting. Inj. commonly used are Inj. haloperidol, Promethazine HCl, and lorezepam in agrresives, Inj Olanjapine in negative or positive scizophrenic group, followed by Inj. Clopixol(zupixol)aquaphase follwed by depot.

Results

Injection in 1st 2-3 days makes the compliance better and quick.

Conclusions

1sd episode management is the key in sucsess of psychosisas a whole.
P02-03 - The Impact of Alcohol on Admissions to an Irish Psychiatric Hospital - a Retrospective Survey
Authors: Doherty A.M. , Ajueze P. , Lyster G.
Published: June 2010

Objectives

Alcohol use and related harm is a growing problem in Ireland with far-reaching consequences for health services generally. Areas which are most affected include accident and emergency departments and psychiatric hospitals or units. The purpose of this paper is to examine the role of alcohol in psychiatric admissions to an Irish psychiatric hospital

Methods

The inpatient records for all patients admitted over a one year period were examined retrospectively. All 378 patients admitted within that time were included and their admission records were examined manually for age, gender, diagnosis of psychiatric illness, co-morbid alcohol abuse, and the role of alcohol in precipitating the admission. Data were analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences, version 11.5.

Results

21.7% of admissions had alcohol dependency syndrome and it is the primary diagnosis in 10.1%. Alcohol was a factor in the admission of 29.1% of patients. Of the 110 patients in this category, 42 did not have a primary diagnosis of alcohol dependency syndrome, i.e. 61.8% had a primary diagnosis of a psychiatric illness other than alcohol dependency syndrome.

Conclusions

Alcohol is a factor in a large proportion of psychiatric admissions. It has been associated with poor compliance, exacerbation of symptoms and relapse. It is important to recognise the role of alcohol in psychiatry morbidity, both as a primary diagnosis (alcohol dependency syndrome), and also where the primary diagnosis is another psychiatric illness.