bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Constructing counter-hegemony on Twitter: Discourse of Ibero-American political women of “change” in the digital environment
Authors: Pepe-Oliva Romina , Casero-Ripollés Andreu
Published: May 2023

Women are occupying more and more space in the public sphere, not only through pressure on the streets, but increasingly in digital spaces. It is at this intersection that different ways of engaging in politics coalesce with the presence of women who demand their own voice and visibility beyond the mechanisms of traditional politics. Those requiring a transformation of the current political reality are the political women “of change.” One of their main attributes is that they generate and spread counter-hegemonic narratives as a form of empowerment and a way to question the dominant political discourse through digital media. Our objective herein is to analyze, in a comparative way, the use of this communicative strategy to understand its articulation and mechanisms. To do this, we study the discourse of ten Ibero-American political women on Twitter who are linked to social change. The methodology is based on the application of the content analysis technique that combines a quantitative dimension with another of a qualitative nature focused on critical discourse analysis. The results show that criticism and denunciation, to give voice to the voiceless and make social problems visible, are the main components of these political actors’ counter-hegemonic discourse on Twitter. Likewise, they display a practical and constructive counter-hegemony oriented in applied and positive terms. Finally, the institutional position in the government–opposition axis sharpens or minimizes the use of these types of communication strategies.
Determination of Antimicrobial and Antioxidative Properties of Several Anesthetic Drugs
Authors: ÇİL Elif , ERTÜRK Ömer , ÖZDEMİR Özlem , ÇOL AYVAZ Melek
Published: May 2023

For various reasons, the balance between oxidative stress and the antioxidative defence system is disturbed during general anesthesia. On the other hand, thanks to their antioxidant effect, certain anesthetics have been suggested to protect from oxidative stress caused due to pathological states. In this study, potential antimicrobial and antioxidative activities of commonly used anesthetic drugs were evaluated to reveal possible effects after surgery. The antimicrobial activities of commercially purchased anesthetic drugs diluted with sterile physiological saline were investigated according to the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Furthermore, minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentrations were determined. Antioxidative potentials of the drugs were screened according to 2,2 diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and hydroxyl (OH●) radical scavenging assays. One of the tested drugs, Ketalar, containing ketamine hydrochloride was found to have an inhibition effect on all tested pathogenic microorganisms. At the same time, Mivacron and Pental Sodium formed the most significant inhibition zones on Micrococcus luteus. As expected, Propofol had no antimicrobial activity on most tested organisms. However, its antioxidant activity was the highest among the other drugs. Calculated SC50 values for DPPH-free and hydroxyl radical scavenging activities of Ultiva, Blok-L, and Zolamid were very close to Propofol. It can be concluded that using these drugs for anesthesia may suppress the risk of contamination and oxidative stress that may occur during use in many cases.
Effect of Interbody Composition on the Development of Pseudarthrosis Following Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion
Authors: D’Antonio Nicholas , Lambrechts Mark James , Heard Jeremy , Bertiaume Emily , Toci Gregory , Karamian Brian , Breyer Garrett , Bodnar John , Canseco Jose , Hilibrand Alan , Schroeder Gregory , Vaccaro Alexander Richard , Kepler Christopher
Published: May 2023

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.Purpose: To determine if polyetheretherketone (PEEK) or titanium alloy cages increase the rate of pseudarthrosis development or revision surgery rate compared with structural allograft following anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) and identify if the cage type results in differences in patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) versus structural allograft.Overview of Literature: PEEK and titanium alloy cages have become popular options for ACDF intervertebral spacers. However, while data is beginning to emerge on how cage types affect arthrodesis rates, the effect of their composition on PROMs is less clear.Methods: All patients aged >18 years who underwent primary one- to four-level ACDF at a single institution were retrospectively identified. Propensity matching was performed to compare patients’ PEEK or titanium alloy cages with structural allograft. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to measure the effect of interbody spacer composition on the likelihood of pseudarthrosis development.Results: Of the 502 patients who received structural allograft and had 1-year postoperative dynamic radiographs, 96 patients were propensity matched to 32 patients who received a PEEK cage, and 162 patients were propensity matched to 54 patients who received a titanium alloy cage. Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified that PEEK cage implants (odds ratio [OR], 3.34; p =0.007) predicted pseudarthrosis development compared with structural allograft implantation. Titanium alloy cage (OR, 1.64; p =0.156) implantation was not predictive of pseudarthrosis. One-year postoperative PROMs were not significantly different between patients who received PEEK or titanium alloy cages and those who received structural allograft (all p >0.05).Conclusions: Compared with structural allograft, receiving a PEEK cage increased the risk of pseudarthrosis development following ACDF, whereas receiving a titanium alloy cage had no significant effect on pseudarthrosis development. One-year postoperative patient-reported outcomes were similar between patients who received structural allograft, PEEK, and titanium alloy interbody spacers.
AFTER CORPORATE PATERNALISM
Authors: Straube Christian
Published: May 2023

In this ethnographic study of post-paternalist ruination and renovation, Christian Straube explores social change at the intersection of material decay and social disconnection in the former mine township Mpatamatu of Luanshya, one of the oldest mining towns on the Zambian Copperbelt. Touching on topics including industrial history, colonial town planning, social control and materiality, gender relations and neoliberal structural change, After Corporate Paternalism offers unique insights into how people reappropriate former corporate spaces and transform them into personal projects of renovation, fundamentally changing the characteristics of their community.
EXCHANGE AND MARKETS IN EARLY ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT: Informal Economy in the Three New Guineas
Authors: Conroy John D.
Published: May 2023

The idea of an informal economy emerged from, and is a critique of, the ideology of ‘economic development’. It originated from Keith Hart’s recognition of informal economic activity in 1960s Ghana. In the context of four colonialisms – German, British, Australian and Dutch – this book recounts Hart’s effort in 1972 to introduce the informal ‘sector’ into development planning in Papua New Guinea. This was problematic, because ‘the market’ was scarcely institutionalized, and traditional modes of exchange persisted stubbornly. Rather than conforming with post-colonial economic ideology, the subjected people pushed back against imposed bureaucracy to practice informal and hybrid modes of economic activity.
WAR STORIES: Reading Plains Indian Biographic Rock Art
Authors: Keyser James D. , Kaiser David A.
Published: May 2023

Plains Indian biographic rock art can be “read” by those knowledgeable in its lexicon. Presented is a lexicon of imagery, conventions, and symbols used by Plains Indians to communicate their warfare and social narratives. The reader is introduced to Plains Indian “warrior” art in all media, biographic art as picture writing is explained, and the lexicon is described, providing a pictographic “dictionary,” and explains conventions and connotations. Finally, it illustrates four key examples of how these narratives are read by the observer. Familiarity with the lexicon will enable interested scholars and laypersons to understand what are otherwise enigmatic rock art drawings found from Calgary, Alberta through ten U.S. states, and into the Mexican state of Coahuila.
SERVANTS OF CULTURE Paternalism, Policing, and Identity Politics in Vienna, 1700-1914
Authors: Natarajan Ambika
Published: May 2023

In nineteenth century Cisleithanian Austria, poor, working-class women underwent mass migrations from the countryside to urban centers for menial or unskilled labor jobs. Through legal provisions on women’s work in the Habsburg Empire, there was an increase in the policing and surveillance of what was previously a gender-neutral career, turning it into one dominated by thousands of female rural migrants. Servants of Culture provides an account of Habsburg servant law since the eighteenth century and uncovers the paternalistic and maternalistic assumptions and anxieties which turned the interest of socio-political players in improving poor living and working conditions into practices that created restrictive gender and class hierarchies. Through pioneering analysis of the agendas of medical experts, police, socialists, feminists, legal reformers, and even serial killers, this volume puts forth a neglected history of the state of domestic service discourse at the turn of the 19th century and how it shaped and continues to shape the surveillance of women.
Editorial
Authors: Welch Penny , Wright Susan
Published: May 2023

In this issue of Learning and Teaching: The International Journal of Higher Education in the Social Sciences, authors from New Zealand, Canada, the United States, Malaysia, the United Kingdom, Denmark and Australia write about women as doctoral supervisors, white academics as anti-racist allies, what creates a sense of belonging amongst distance education students and the experiences of students and staff during the COVID-19 pandemic.
A Critical Discourse Analysis of Discursive Ideologies in Pakistani and Indian Print Media about the Abolition of Article 370 and 35A in Kashmir
Authors: Rahman Ibad Ur , Khan Arif , Rahat Laraib
Published: May 2023

The aim of the current study was to identify the hidden stances and discursive ideologies of Pakistani and Indian English newspapers’ editorials on the special status of Kashmir through abolition of Article 370 and 35A. For the current study the Van Dijk Ideological Square Model (2005) as theoretical framework was chosen for positive self-presentation and negative other-presentation for the examining of discourse. The study analyzed linguistics traits in thirty newspapers’ editorials from six newspapers. Three English newspapers were selected from Pakistan and three from Indians. The data analysis revealed that different micro strategies such as hyperbole, authority, lexicalization, illustration, comparison, euphemism, etc. were used in these editorials. Besides these micro strategies, also the macro strategies like negative other-presentation positive self-presentation were also used. The study further revealed that how the polarity and racial agenda were projected by the use of language by two countries in their editorials. The micro strategies in Pakistani editorials were used more than that in the Indian editorials, while the macro strategies used in the Indian editorials were more than in the Pakistani editorials. The positive self-presentation was mostly used in Pakistani editorials whereas India editorial mostly focused on negative other- presentation.
Effects of TV Advertisements on Sexualization of Pakistani Children: A Perspective of Heavy and Light Viewers
Authors: Mahmood Qasim , Salim Amna , Zulfiqar Amna
Published: May 2023

Ads with adult themes are produced devoid of the consideration that there might children amongst the viewers watching these themes and are being cognized sexually. The current study aims to analyze the issue of sexualization in children of Pakistan through exposure to sexual themes used in TV advertisements. The current research employed dual research methods. In the first stage, qualitative content analysis of television ads was conducted, and in the second stage; focused group interviews were conducted with the children to validate the findings of the first method. The results indicate that children learn and imitate what they watch through TV advertisements. It concludes that exposure of children to such advertisements containing sexual content and themes leads to the adaptation of behavior that is not suitable for the children.
News Media Framing of the Environmental Issues: A Transnational Comparative Analysis of Pakistan and Britain
Authors: Dar Atiya , Akhtar Saleem
Published: May 2023

This study examined environmental issues from framing perspective. It attempts to understand the framing schemes in the purposively sampled newspapers of Pakistan and the UK. Under the constructionist view of framing analysis revealed that environmental communication is massively suffering from hypocognition which resulting the lack of effective framing perspectives and often construct major obstacles in efficient environmental management and policy making. Variability in framing perspectives influence the individual value systems, beliefs, preferences and reactions to environmental hazards in environmental decision-making process. Moreover, comparative approach of this quantitative study within the universe of year 2007 to 2016 sample of 1,139 news stories reflects the significant differences in news framing capacity of Pakistani and British print media while reporting of environmental issues.
Social Media and Perception of Feminism: Comparison of Generation X and Y in Lahore
Authors: Saqib Syed Muhammad , Hassan Abul , Malik Amna
Published: May 2023

This study explored the perception of feminism in Lahore, Pakistan, and the impact of social media on those perceptions. The research aimed to compare the views of Generation X and Generation Y, and how social media shaped their perceptions. The study used a quantitative method by conducting surveys. The results indicated that social media has a significant influence on the perception of feminism for both generations. Generation X had outdated views on feminism, acknowledging female oppression but not seeing feminism as a solution. Generation Y had a better understanding of feminism and greater awareness. The study highlights the crucial role of social media in shaping opinions and perceptions. This research provides insights into the impact of social media on feminism and can be useful for future studies investigating the role of social media in social issues.
Defending our borders: Metaphor scenarios in Hungarian and Romanian political discourse on migration
Authors: Kolumban Kinga
Published: May 2023

Metaphor in political discourse has been described as a device for persuasion and providing legitimacy for political action. Besides these roles, however, Andreas Musolff draws attention to the dialogic potential of metaphors in public discourse when used as variations of universally accepted metaphorical frames applied and tailored in accordance with the specific ideologies, attitudes, and values of the discourse community addressed. Such subcategories, named scenarios, not only convey the target domain in terms more familiar to the audience, but they also invite evaluation and assessment on the part of the audience. In this role, metaphors, and their subcategories, and scenarios, allow expression of alternative viewpoints and particular perspectives within the frame of a public debate. This study proposes to track such reformulations in Hungarian and Romanian political discourse during the migrant crisis in 2015 concerning the CONTAINER metaphor. Conceptualizations of various discourse communities as containers are common in political discourse, circumscribing the ingroup as homogenous and compact, entailing elements like boundaries and possibilities of approach or, on the contrary, keeping away outside elements. In the concrete situation of the migrant crisis, entailments like closing or opening borders or conditions on crossing that border are common features. The corpus is composed of declarations from Romanian President Klaus Iohannis and Hungarian Prime Minister Viktor Orbán related to events that occurred during the crisis, not only formulating attitudes and positioning toward the migrants but also towards the European Union and its policies regarding the issue. The metaphor scenarios are traceable in these speeches are means of self-presentation, defining the role and the position assumed by the two countries as members of the organization.
Techniques of manipulation in political discourse
Authors: Berariu E.C. , Peterlicean A.
Published: May 2023

Political discourses have always been part of the daily lives of those directly involved in the process of governing, be it on paper, on-air or online. These days, however, they have become part of everybody’s life. The recent overwhelming events such as the Covid pandemic and the war in Ukraine now, have glued people to the screens, eager for information, reassurance, or guidance. More often than ever, political discourses are spread throughout the media trying to either give comfort or incite people to action. Some discourses provide answers to the questions raised by other discourses, others offer explanations in a desperate attempt to communicate efficiently in what looks like a gapped conversation with various interruptions. Most discourses are accompanied by pictures, either representing the speaker or the topic. The aim of this paper is to analyze such discourses caused by the outbreak of war in Eastern Europe with a focus on pictures and to show how much can be said without actually saying it, and how the perceptions related to culture and stereotypes can be manipulated. The paper starts from the premise that the techniques of manipulation in discourses have always been the same, irrespective of the type of discourse (advertising discourse, medical discourse, political discourse, etc.). However, the political and social context greatly influence the structure and content of a discourse thus reflecting the very beliefs of the people who write or deliver them. In other words, this paper aims to show how cultural and political ideologies are deeply rooted in political discourses, both reflecting and being a reflection of the society that produces them.
A dystopian dialogue – Semantic and pragmatic perspectives on George Orwell’s 1984 and Boualem Sansal’s 2084
Authors: Pacleanu Ana-Maria
Published: May 2023

Dystopias are no longer defined as the opposite of utopias and are mostly described by referring to the type of system they depict - “perfectly planned and beneficial”, “perfectly planned and unjust” or “perfectly unplanned” (Gordin, Tilley, and Prakash 2010, 2). Furthermore, dystopias are said to reflect societies’ worries and warn about some flaws of religious, political systems, or science in terms of relationships between the past, the present, and the future. George Orwell’s “1984” and Boualem Sansal’s “2084”. The End of the World are dystopian novels that fall into two different categories (based on the type of authority exercising control) – the former is a political dystopia and the latter is a religious one. 2084 has often been described as a tribute to Orwell and his ‘Big Brother’, but the cult of personality is depicted by pointing at elements related to religion. It stands out as an even more explicit illustration of totalitarian regimes and their practices especially when connected to religion. However, both novels revolve around the concepts of ideology, the cult of personality, and power enforcement. Thus, despite their typology, the dialogue between these two dystopias becomes obvious as regards genre and intertextuality, but also the semantic and pragmatic features they share. Therefore, with a view to tracing the meanings conveyed through language, the present paper tackles the aforementioned dystopian novels from the perspective of these two complementary branches of linguistics, in an attempt at identifying the similarities (especially those referring to ideologies and power).
PENGARUH KEPEMIMPINAN, MOTIVASI DAN LINGKUNGAN KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA PEGAWAI SEKRETARIAT DAERAH KABUPATEN TOJO UNA-UNA
Authors: Rahman Abd , Sangkota Megawaty , Gulom Muhamad , Yasin Muhamad , Sujarwadi Sujarwadi
Published: May 2023

Penelitian ini mengungkapkan Pengaruh Kepemimpinan, Motivasi dan Lingkungan Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Sekretariat Daerah Kabupaten Tojo Una-Una. Tujuan yang ingin dicapai dalam penelitian ini Untuk mengetahui Pengaruh Pengaruh Kepemimpinan, Motivasi dan Lingkungan Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Sekretariat Daerah Kabupaten Tojo Una-Una. Metode yang digunakan Penelilti bersifat Deskriptif dengan alat bantu koesioner terhadap 52 responden. Hasil penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa koefisien korelasi (R) adalah hubungan antara ketiga variabel bebas yaitu kepemimpinan, motivasi dan lingkungan kerja terhadap kinerja pegawai Sekretariat Daerah Kabupaten Tojo Una-Una sebesar 0,841 artinya hubungan variabel bebas (independen) dengan variabel terikat (dependen) adalah sangat kuat. R Square atau koefisien determinasi (R2) adalah melihat konstribusi pengaruh antara variabel kepemimpinan, motivasi dan lingkungan kerja sebesar 70,8% terhadap kinerja pegawai Sekretariat Daerah Kabupaten Tojo Una-Una artinya konstribusi pengaruh variabel bebas (independen) terhadap variabel terikat (dependen). Sedangkan sisanya 29,2% adalah pengaruh variabel lain yang tidak diteliti dalam penelitian ini.

 

Kata Kunci: Kepemimpinan, Motivasi, Lingkungan Kerja dan Kinerja Pegawai.
PERUBAHAN PARADIGMA BERWIRAUSAHA UMKM DI KOTA PALU SELAMA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Sakaria Maulid , Marjun Marjun , Gulom Muhamad , A Muhammad Umar , Badjamal Faigah A , Sujarwadi
Published: May 2023

Perubahan paradigma berwirausaha UMKM di Kota Palu selama pandemi Covid 19. Tujuan yang ingin dicapai dalam penelitian ini untuk mengetahui Perubahan paradigma berwirausaha UMKM di Kota Palu selama pandemi Covid 19. Penelitian yang akan dilakukan oleh penulis adalah menggunakan metodologi kualitatif dengan melakukan wawancara kepada 71 responden. Hasil penelitian ini strategi yang dilakukan pegiat UMKM kuliner di Kota Palu untuk meningkatkan daya saing usaha selama masa Pandemi Covid-19, adalah dengan melakukan penjualan secara online, menggunakan media social seperti instagram maupun facebook, dan system pembayarannya secara transfer dan hal teknis yang dilakukan pegiat UMKM kuliner di Kota Palu dalam penyesuaian paradigma berwirausaha selama masa Pandemi Covid-19, adalah berupa penjualan online dengan menggunakan strategi digitalisasi., sementara hal non tekniks yang dilakukan pegiat UMKM kuliner di Kota Palu dalam penyesuaian paradigma berwirausaha selama masa Pandemi Covid-19, berupa pengambilan keputusan yang cepat dan tepat.

 

Kata Kunci: Perubahan Paradigma Berwirausaha
النفوذ الصهيوني في وسائل الأعلام الجماهيرية الالمانية
Authors: طوينه علي حسين
Published: May 2023

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الأحوال الزراعية في الدولة الساسانية (226-636م)
Authors: الموسوي مهدية فيصل
Published: May 2023

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الخرائط الرقمية في نظم المعلومات الجغرافية واستخداماتها الجيومورفولوجية
Authors: العبدان رحیم حميد
Published: May 2023

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قضايا الجزيرة العربية في مناقشات مجنس النواب العراقي 1945-1950
Authors: الحمدي صبري فالح
Published: May 2023

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Singkretisme Islam – ‘to manurung’ pada Rumah Panggung Tiang Tunggal di Desa Limbung Enrekang
Authors: Sir Mohammad Mochsen , A. S. Zulkarnain
Published: May 2023

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh minimnya informasi maupun pengetahuan mengenai fenomena rumah tradisional yang hanya memiliki satu tiang utama dan dibangun di atas tanah adat Limbuang, serta secara visual pada fasad rumah tradisional tersebut menggunakan simbol-simbol Islam. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui singkretisme islam dengan kepercayaan To Manurung pada Rumah Tradisional Tiang Tunggal baik yang bersifat tangible maupun intangible. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriftif kualitatif, lokasi penelitian berada di Desa Limbuang Kecamatan Maiwa Kabupaten Enrekang Sulawesi Selatan. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan filosofi 1 (tunggal) dan 12 pada rumah ini, terletak pada tiang utama, jumlah anak tangga, kamar, jendela, atap dan bubungan rumah. Makna filosofi dari tunggal dalam pandangan Islam adalah ke-Esa-an Allah dan dalam pandangan adat dinisbatkan pada To Manurung, sedangkan angka 12 pada pandangan islam sebagai angka-angka yang terdapat dalam Alquran yang memiliki makna khusus, dan dalam pandangan adat angka 12 disimbolkan sebagai 12 jejak kaki (to manurung dengan 5 orang menterinya).
Tata Spasial Candi Bahal I, II dan III di Padang Lawas Utara, Sumatera Utara
Authors: Siswanto Ari , Ardiansyah  , Wargadalem Farida R. , Indriastuti Kristantina
Published: May 2023

Situs percandian Bahal di Padang Lawas Utara yang terdiri dari tiga kompleks yang berdekatan memberikan gambaran pola tata spasial yang terkait dengan lingkungannya. Masing-masing kompleks percandian memiliki tata spasial yang berbeda karena jumlah massa yang berbeda. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengkaji tata spasial kompleks percandian Bahal I, II dan III serta menganalisis keterkaitannya dengan karakteristik candi. Penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus digunakan melalui kegiatan observasi, pengukuran, penggambaran dan wawancara di lapangan. Layout candi Bahal I, II dan III membentuk konfigurasi massa dan spasial yang jelas. Ketiga kompleks percandian tersebut menunjukkan axis yang kuat serta hierarkhi yang jelas berdasarkan pada jumlah massa candi Perwara dan dimensi candi utama. Axis yang terbentuk dari pola tata spasial telah mempertegas candi sebagai bangunan suci yang memiliki formalitas dan keseimbangan yang sangat kuat.
Exploring the role of games and gamification in academic libraries from the perspective of LIS educators
Authors: Jug Tjaša
Published: May 2023

In the library environment, games and gamification can be used to improve various services and activities. Although many successful gamification projects have already been implemented, some librarians still lack knowledge and are sceptical about the use of games in libraries. This is also the case in Slovenia, where library gamification projects are rarely formalised and publicised. Moreover, not much is known about whether Slovenian librarians obtain any knowledge about these approaches during their formal education. For this purpose, interviews were conducted with ten main compulsory course holders at the Department of Library and Information Science and Book Studies at the Faculty of Arts, University of Ljubljana. The main objective of the study, which was carried out in January 2021, was to investigate the attitudes of Slovenian Library and Information Science (LIS) educators towards the inclusion of games and gamification in their courses and in academic library services. The results showed that they rarely cover games and gamification-related topics in their lectures, nor do they use them for knowledge transfer. They especially see the potential to design games and gamification activities that would promote departmental library, its services and activities, motivate students for independent research and support the educational process.
Biosphere Defenders Leveraging the Human Right to Healthy Environment for Transformative Change
Authors: Ituarte-Lima Claudia
Published: May 2023

Earth’s life support systems depend on biodiversity and healthy ecosystems. Without radical transformations, staying within safe planetary boundaries becomes impossible. While the inequalities between Global North and Global South are increasingly acknowledged, the agency and rights of people often placed in the category of “vulnerable” -women, youth, indigenous peoples and local communities- are not sufficiently recognized. This article discusses the role of biosphere defenders in the context of the 2022–2030 Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework and the right to a healthy environment. Through dissecting judicial cases, the article investigates promising examples of ways in which biosphere defenders use the law to trigger societal change. This article finds that biosphere defenders contribute to unleashing values of responsibility by various actors, translating biocultural values of ecosystems into evidence in judicial processes impacting bureaucratic and financial systems. Supporting the work of biosphere defenders and placing the right to a sustainable environment at the heart of biodiversity and human rights law will be vital in confronting head-on the planetary crises.
The palm tree optimization: Algorithm and applications
Authors: Padmanaban K. , Shunmugalatha A.
Published: May 2023

A novel metaheuristic algorithm has been presented based on the physical significance of palm tree leaves and petioles, which can themselves water and fertilize with their unique architecture. Palm tree leaves collect almost all the raindrops that fall on the tree, which drags the nutrient-rich dropping of crawlers and birds that inhabit it and funnel them back to the palm tree’s roots. The proposed Palm Tree Optimization (PTO) algorithm is based on two main stages of rainwater before it reaches the trunk. Stage one is that the rainwater drops search for petioles in the local search space of a particular leaf, and stage two involves that the rainwater drops after reaching the petioles search for trunk to funnel back to the root along with nutrients. The performance of PTO in searching for global optima is tested on 33 Standard Benchmark Functions (SBF), 29 constrained optimization problems from IEEE-CEC2017 and real-world optimization problems from IEEE-CEC2011 competition especially for testing the evolutionary algorithms. Mathematical benchmark functions are classified into six groups as unimodal, multimodal, plate & valley-shaped, steep ridges, hybrid functions and composition functions which are used to check the exploration and exploitation capabilities of the algorithm. The experimental results prove the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm with better search ability over different classes of benchmark functions and real-world applications.
Effective method for making Chinese word vector dynamic
Authors: Liu Boting , Guan Weili , Yang Changjin , Fang Zhijie
Published: May 2023

Word vector is an important tool for natural language processing (NLP) tasks such as text classification. However, existing static language models such as Word2vec cannot solve the polysemy problem, leading to a decline in text classification performance. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a method for making Chinese word vector dynamic (MCWVD). The part of speech (POS) is used to solve the ambiguity problem caused by different POS. The POS structure graph is constructed and the syntactic structure information of POS features is extracted by GCN (Graph Convolutional Network). POS vector and word vector are concatenated into PW (POS-Word) vector. Parametric matrix is added to improve the fusion effect of POS and word features. Multilayer attention is used to distinguish the importance of different features and further update the vector expression of word vectors about the current context. Experiments on Chinese datasets THUCNews and SogouNews show that MCWVD effectively improves the accuracy of text classification and achieves better performance than CoVe (Context Vectors) and ELMo (Embeddings from Language Models). MCWVD also achieves similar performance to BERT and GPT-1 (Generative Pre-Training), but with a much lower computational cost and only 4% of BERT parameters.
XRBi-GAC: A hybrid deep learning framework for multilingual toxicity detection
Authors: Singh Nitin Kumar , Singh Pardeep , Das Prativa , Chand Satish
Published: May 2023

Social media platforms allow people across the globe to share their thoughts and opinions and conveniently communicate with each other. Apart from various advantages of social media, it is also misused by a set of users for hate-mongering with toxic and offensive comments. The majority of the earlier proposed toxicity detection methods are primarily focused on the English language, but there is a lack of research on low-resource languages and multilingual text data. We propose an XRBi-GAC framework comprising XLM-RoBERTa, Bi-GRU with self-attention and capsule networks for multilingual toxic text detection. A loss function is also presented, which fuses the binary cross-entropy loss and focal loss to address the class imbalance problem. We evaluated the proposed framework on two datasets, namely, the Jigsaw Multilingual Toxic Comment dataset and HASOC 2019 dataset and achieved F1-score of 0.865 and 0.829, respectively. The results of the experiments show that the proposed framework has outperformed the state-of-the-art multilingual models XLM-RoBERTa and mBERT on both datasets, which shows the versatility and robustness of the proposed XRBi-GAC framework.
The language of knowledge spaces in pre-topology1
Authors: Lin Fucai , Wu Tingyi , Cao Xiyan , Li Jinjin
Published: May 2023

The theory of knowledge spaces (KST) which is regarded as a mathematical framework for the assessment of knowledge and advices for further learning. Now the theory of knowledge spaces has many applications in education. From the topological point of view, we discuss the language of the theory of knowledge spaces by the axioms of separation and the accumulation points of pre-topology respectively, which establishes some relations between topological spaces and knowledge spaces; in particular, we show that the language of the regularity of pre-topology in knowledge spaces and give a characterization for knowledge spaces by inner fringe of knowledge states. Moreover, we study the relations of Alexandroff spaces and quasi ordinal spaces; then we give an application of the density of pre-topological spaces in primary items for knowledge spaces, which shows that one person in order to master an item, she or he must master some necessary items. In particular, we give a characterization of a skill multimap such that the delineated knowledge structure is a knowledge space, which gives an answer to a problem in [14] or [18] whenever each item with finitely many competencies; further, we give an algorithm to find the set of atom primary items for any finite knowledge space.
Optimization of facial expression recognition based on dual attention mechanism by lightweight network model
Authors: Fang Jian , Lin Xiaomei , Wu Yue , An Yi , Sun Haoran
Published: May 2023

As a deep learning network model, ResNet50 can effectively recognize facial expressions to a certain extent, but there are still problems such as insufficient extraction of local effective feature information and a large number of parameters. In this paper, we take ResNet50 as the basic framework to optimize and improve this network. Firstly, by analyzing the influence mechanism of the attention mechanism module on the network feature information circulation, the optimal embedding position of CBAM (Convolutional Block Attention Module) and SE modules in the ResNet50 network is thus determined to effectively extract local key information, and then the number of model parameters is effectively reduced by embedding the depth separable module. To validate the performance of the improved ResNet50 model, the recognition accuracy reached 71.72% and 95.72% by ablation experiments using Fer2013 and CK+ datasets, respectively. We then used the trained model to classify the homemade dataset, and the recognition accuracy reached 92.86%. In addition, compared with the current more advanced methods, the improved ResNet50 network model proposed in this paper can maintain a balance between model complexity and recognition ability and can provide a technical reference for facial expression recognition research.
Performance evaluation of a UHF passive RFID tag embedded in a carbon fibre-reinforced polymer
Authors: Ambrosini Daniele , Pirondi Alessandro , Vescovi Luca , Arbucci Fabrizio
Published: May 2023

Data collection during the production process plays a key role in the management and control of goods within the company. In this work, the main focus is on the possibility of embedding radio frequency identification (RFID) technology in carbon-fibre reinforced polymer (CFRP) components to evaluate the readability of commercial Ultra High Frequency system by varying their covers, which is also partly in CFRPS. The samples produced and the tags used derived on previous studies, in which configurations with the tag housed inside were established and studied. Two RFID tags were studied that could withstand the harsh environmental conditions, i.e., high temperatures and pressure. This work was not carried out in an ideal environment to assess the theoretical capabilities of RFID sensors, but to understand and evaluate the readability limits of commercial RFID tags embedded in CFRPs. Therefore, an experimental campaign was undertaken to assess the downstream readability of the curing process of tags in laminated mock-ups. It was observed that the curing process had minimal effect on the readability of the tags. Free-space tests were carried out in proximity of metallic elements to determine the change of the reading distance obtained during the test, keeping the fixed antenna used constant.
Psychological Functioning of Teachers Working in General and Special School Settings
Authors: Saira Maqsood  , Shehar Bano  , Safdar Zainab Shakeel
Published: May 2023

Education develops human personality, refine thoughts, teach how to deal with others, and prepare better human beings for life. Teachers are the pivotal element of education system as they have to inculcate the purpose of education in individuals. This research aimed to explore the relationship between two elements of psychological functioning i.e. meaning in life and life satisfaction in teachers working in different educational settings. Purposive sampling technique was used to recruit N=140 teachers; n =70 from general and n =70 from special educational settings. A cross-sectional research design was employed. Meaning in Life Questionnaire, Satisfaction with Life Scale, and Demographic Information Sheet were used to collect the responses of school teachers. Results showed that teachers working in the special education setting reported high search for meaning in life as compared to teachers working in the general education setting. Furthermore, male teachers reported high search of meaning in life compared to female teachers. It was also revealed that there was a significant positive relationship between presence of meaning in life and satisfaction with life in teachers. Moreover, presence of meaning in life positively predicted life satisfaction. This research will lead the administration of the education system to introduce healthy reforms to improve psychological functioning of teachers and prepare them for upcoming challenges in the educational field.
An Exploratory Study on the Method and Application of Demand Estimation for the Establishment of Social Welfare Centers in Local Governments
Authors:   The Korean Association For Local Administration, Oh Minsu , Kim Ju yeon
Published: May 2023

The purpose of this study is to prepare a reasonable and simple application methodology to help calculate the appropriate supply of social welfare centers in local governments. To this end, a demand estimation model was derived by reviewing previous research on facility supply and the minimum standards for basic living infrastructure supply by the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport.
The social welfare center supply estimation model presented in this study was set with four main variables. First, the actual demand for social welfare centers was counted as potential targets, centering on the low-income and vulnerable class, and then set as the demand for facilities. Second, it was set as a capacity variable that can be used in one social welfare center, centering on the annual available population at the social welfare center. Third, the average moving distance between the administrative welfare center and the social welfare center was set. This is a variable considering accessibility. Fourth, the separation distance between social welfare centers was set to consider spatial equity.
Based on these four variables, Seongnam City was applied as a case study, and the appropriate number of social welfare centers with a population of 920,000 was derived as 14. The strength of this study is that first, the capacity of social welfare centers was considered in the model. Second, local governments can use it simply.
Coexistence of herpesviridae family viruses in vesicular skin lesions of COVID-19 patients
Authors: Reolid A. , Butrón B. , Sampedro R. , Miguélez A. , Daudén E. , Llamas-Velasco M.
Published: May 2023

During the world pandemic coronavirus disease (COVID-19), an increase in herpesvirus infections has been observed in patients with COVID-19. We describe 3 patients with atypical clinical presentations of herpesvirus infection. In two of them we demonstrated the presence of several members of the Herpesviridae family in the same skin lesion, and in the other we found the coexistence of herpes simplex virus and varicella zoster virus. These coexistences are highly infrequent findings and hardly described in the literature. All our patients had lymphopenia. Since SARS-CoV-2 virus infection characteristically produces lymphopenia, we wondered whether COVID-19 may play a role as a predisposing factor to herpesvirus infections.
Uteroglobine and IL2R polymorphisms are associated with articular damaged and surgical joint in patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Oreiro N. , Cáliz R. , Balsa A. , Andreu J.L. , Sanmartí R. , Blanco F.J.
Published: May 2023

Introduction and Objectives. Of all clinical manifestations that mark prognosis of a patient with RA, radiological damaged is considered one of the most important variables. In addition to clinical and laboratory markers are increasingly studying the influence of genetic factors in the predictive ability of the RA forecast. Previous studies have reported misleading results about polymorphisms in different genes associated with radiological damage in RA. The aim of this study was to assess the involvement of the clinical, analytical and genetic variables in the radiological damage in a Spanish RA population.
Methods. Six hundred thirty-two Spanish RA patients were included. SNP genotyping was performed using an oligonucleotide microarray. Allele and genotype association analyses with articular damage and a haplotype association test were performed.
Results. This study includes retrospectively 604 Spanish RA patients with articular erosions and 616 with surgery due to RA. The A587G polymorphism (rs3741240) in uteroglobin gene was associated with increased radiological damage defined by phenotypes RX2 (multiple erosions on hands and feet) and surgery due to RA (OR 1.6 and 1.7 respectively). IL2R polymorphism was associated with RX2 phenotype (OR 2.95). Disease duration, painful joints, ESR, RF and ACPA are the analytical and clinical variables significantly associated with articular damage.
Conclusions. These results demonstrate that the A587G and C4599T polymorphism in uteroglobin and IL2R genes respectively are associated with radiological damage in a Spanish RA population.
Atherosclerosis and systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Vargas Núñez J.A. , Yebra Bango M. , Mellor Pita S. , Tutor de Ureta P. , Durán del Campo P. , Castejón Díaz R.
Published: May 2023

Systemic autoimmune diseases, such systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), show an increased morbidity and cardiovascular mortality and a higher incidence of early and accelerated atherosclerosis than the general population that cannot be explained only by the presence of classic risk factors such arterial hypertension, mellitus diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, obesity or smoking, but it seems to depend on factors associated with the disease. The imbalance between vascular damage and repair plays a critical role in the initiation of atherosclerotic lesion. This balance may be broken by factors associated with chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, pharmacological treatments, altered molecules and cells involved in the repair of the endothelium. Research is ongoing to identify biomarkers that can help clinicians to predict which SLE patients are the greatest risk for cardiovascular disease.
Aβ aggregation and propagation in transgenic models of Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Andreo-Lopez J. , Bettinetti-Luque M. , Campos-Moreno C. , Gutierrez A. , Baglietto-Vargas D.
Published: May 2023

Alzheimer´s disease (AD) is a complex neurodegenerative disorder that affects mainly the elder population. To date, modifying therapies have not proven to be successful, and therefore, a major effort is necessary to unravel the pathogenic processes underlying AD. New evidences indicate that AD and many other neurodegenerative diseases have commonly the accumulation of misfolded proteins that have the potential to act as infectious agents, and propagate through the entire brain, affecting native proteins. The amyloid peptide (Aβ), characteristic of AD, can adopt a β-sheet conformation acquiring the potential to aggregate and generate misfolded intermediates that can act as ‘’seeds’’ to propagate disease in the brain. Recent findings suggest that these seeds are structurally different depending on the patients and AD subtype, showing different propagation capacity and toxicity. In order to find out which Aβ species or isoforms are more toxic and have greater potential to aggregate, brain extracts from AD patients have been inoculated into transgenic AD mice brains. These approaches have provided much information, however, most of the models contain one or multiple dominant mutations of familial AD cases. This is of great value to mimic the familial forms of the disease, but not the late onset AD (LOAD), which constitute the majority of the cases. Therefore, new animal models are urgently necessary to circumvent these limitations and properly dissect the pathogenic mechanisms of this common form of the disease. As such, a new humanized Aβ model, called hAβ-KI, that has been generated by UCI-MODEL AD center at California, recapitulates certain features of LOAD. This might represent a useful LOAD model to understand how Aβ spreads and favors the progression of the pathology in the brain, hopefully enabling the development of effective therapeutic interventions for AD.
ANALISIS KERJA LVD (LOW VOLTAGE DISCONNECT) MULTSISEM PADA AKUMULATOR 12 VOLT PADA PANEL SURYA
Authors: Fadilah Fadilah , S Sofiah , Rikardo Angga
Published: May 2023

Solar Power Plant (PLTS) is an alternative energy generator that is widely used at this time, where the energy source will never run out. To support the performance of the PLTS system, an accumulator is needed that functions as an electric charge store with a capacity of 12 Volts, 105 Ah. with Low Voltage Disconnect multisystem 12 Volt as a protector. The purpose of this study is to analyze the work of the accumulator on the 12 Volt multisystem LVD protector system when charging and discharging in a solar panel power plant. The method used starts from the process of filling and emptying the solar panel power plant as well as data collection and evaluation. The experimental results obtained have been designed and are able to analyze the work of the accumulator against the multi-system LVD protector system when charging and discharging solar panel power plants with varying capacities.