bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EVALUATION OF BIOETHANOL PRODUCTION FROM Eucalyptus WOOD WITH Saccharomyces cerevisiae AND SACSV-10 1
Authors: Vazquez Sylvia Enid , Buxedas Luciana , Bonifacino Silvana , Ramirez Maria Belen , Lopez Ana , Lopretti Mary
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACT Eucalyptus spp. residues of paper industry are a potential lignocellulosic raw material for production of second-generation bioethanol as an alternative to conventional production from cereal crops. Studying the behavior at 40 ºC of a commercial cellulase (Sunson), Eucalyptus sawdust saccharification was carried out under two pH conditions. With the aim to evaluate the bioethanol production from Eucalyptus wood, a strategy combining saccharification and Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation (SSF) was undertaken at 40 ºC with a thermotolerant Saccharomyces cerevisiae with different substrate and inoculum concentrations, and different nitrogen sources. At last, the process was carried out in optimal conditions with Saccharomyces cerevisiae M522 and SacSV-10. Saccharification produced more free glucose at pH 5, reaching a maximum of 1.5 g/L. Encouraging results were obtained with 500 mg/L of ammonium sulphate as a nitrogen source and 10 % v/v initial inoculum at 106 cfu/mL concentration. Yeast SacSV-10 was not inhibited by phenols present in the culture media using a wood concentration of 10 g/L, but when the solids concentration was increased, the bioprocess yield was compromised. When the process was carried out in optimal conditions the bioethanol production, expressed as the conversion percentage of cellulose to ethanol, was 71.5 % and 73.6 % for M522 and the mutant strain respectively. The studied properties of the mutant strain provide added value to it, which pose new challenges to national companies dedicated to the production and sale of inputs for bioethanol industry.
Study of protective coatings and their optimization using a plasma spray technique
Authors: Xu Ming-San , Jean Ming-Der
Published: April 2018

This study reports the use of second-order function on the basis of Taguchi method for plasma-based spray processes to enhance the surface wear resistance of zirconia ceramic coatings. The L18 orthogonal array with eight control factors is used, and the antiwear properties of the deposits are implemented. Small granules are distributed evenly and closely in the fully melted coatings, while surface features show porous structures, cavities, macropores and unmelted zirconium dioxide particles in the partially melted coatings. A dense texture in the coatings is found, which provides good wear resistance, and the polynomial model for the surface wear-resistant properties is constructed. The results of the present study show that the proposed quadratic model, based on orthogonal array design, can obtain the conditions for process optimization and predict wear volume losses to yield desired results. These results provide useful information for the control of wear volume losses for plasma-sprayed coatings and ensure good wear-resistant properties.
Investigation of Seismograms of North Korean Nuclear Explosion of September 3, 2017 Recorded by the Sakarya University and Kandilli Observatory Seismic Stations
Authors: BUDAKOĞLU Emrah , HORASAN Gündüz , YALÇIN Hilal , GÜLEN Levent
Published: April 2018

A nuclear test was done on September
3, 2017 in North Korea. This activity is regarded as a nuclear test based on
both CTBTO analysis and the statement of the official North Korean news agency.
The type of explosion was announced as a fusion based thermonuclear hydrogen
bomb. Preliminary solution of CTBTO International Data Center (IDC) reported
the origin time, epicenter coordinates and magnitude as 03:30:01 UTC, 41.3°N
129.1°E, and Mb 6.1. U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) determined these parameters
as 41.343°N, 129.036 °E and body wave magnitude, Mb 6.3.In this study the seismograms
of September 3, 2017 North Korean nuclear test recorded by the Sakarya
University and Kandilli Observatory seismic stations will be investigated.
Analysis of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) expression in hepatitis B patients
Authors: Yılmaz Susluer Sunde , Kayabasi Cagla , Ozmen Yelken Besra , Asik Aycan , Celik Didem , Balci Okcanoglu Tugce , Serin Senger Suheyla , Biray Avci Cigir , Kose Sukran , Gunduz Cumhur
Published: April 2018

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been implicated in numerous biological processes, including epigenetic regulation, cell-cycle control, and transcriptional/translational regulation of gene expression. Differential expression of lncRNAs and disruption of the regulatory processes are recognized as critical steps in cancer development. The role of lncRNAs in hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is not well understood. Here we analyzed the expression of 135 lncRNAs in plasma samples of 82 HBV patients (classified as chronic patients, inactive carriers, or resolved patients) at diagnosis and at 12 months of treatment in relation to control group (81 healthy volunteers). We also investigated the effect of small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated silencing of lincRNA-SFMBT2 on HBV-positive human liver cancer cell line. lncRNA expression was analyzed by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Chemically synthesized siRNAs were transfected into the cell lines using Lipofectamine 2000 Reagent (Thermo Fisher Scientific). HBV DNA and HBsAg and HBeAg were detected in transfected cultures by real-time PCR and ELISA, respectively, using commercial kits. We observed changes in lncRNA expression in all three HBV groups, compared to control group. Most notably, the expression of anti-NOS2A, lincRNA-SFMBT2, and Zfhx2as was significantly increased and expression of Y5 lncRNA was decreased in chronic HBV patients. A decreased Y5 expression and increased lincRNA-SFMBT2 expression were observed in inactive HBsAg carriers. The expression of HOTTIP, MEG9, and PCAT-32 was increased in resolved HBV patients, and no significant change in the expression of Y5 was observed, compared to control group. siRNA-mediated inhibition of lincRNA-SFMBT2 decreased the level of HBV DNA in human liver cancer cells. Further research is needed to confirm the prognostic as well as therapeutic role of these lncRNAs in HBV patients.
Çift oluklu betonarme kiriş sistemlerinde boşluk derinliğinin davranışa etkisi
Authors: ALDEMİR Alper
Published: April 2018

Bu çalışma, çift oluklu betonarme kiriş sistemlerinde (ÇOBK), monotonik yükleme etkisi altında sonlu eleman analizleri vasıtasıyla oluk derinliğinin davranışa etkisini incelemektedir. Çalışmada; ilk olarak, literatürde deneysel olarak incelenmiş üç adet ÇOBK sisteminin 3B doğrusal olmayan sonlu eleman analizleri gerçekleştirilmiş ve numerik model tahminin deneysel çalışma sonuçlarını ne ölçüde yansıttığı araştırılmıştır. Araştırmanın ikinci aşamasında ise; gerçeklenen numerik model vasıtasıyla, literatürdeki incelenen numunelerin oluk derinliği değiştirilmiş ve oluk derinliğinin kirişin davranışına etkisi incelenmiştir. Oluk derinliği / Kiriş yüksekliği oranı olarak 0,125, 0,150, 0,200, 0,300 ve 0,400 kullanılmıştır. Numerik çalışmada sadece oluk derinliğinin etkisini irdelemek maksatlı tüm kesit ve donatı detayları sabit tutulmuştur. Analizler gerçekleştirilirken, kolondaki düşey yük etkisi ve konsol kiriş ucunda monotonik yer değiştirme dikkate alınmıştır. Numerik modelde hem beton hem de donatı çeliği için doğrusal olmayan malzeme kullanılmıştır. Modellerin performansı karşılaştırılırken yük kapasitesi, deplasman kapasitesi ve dönme kapasiteleri incelenmiştir. Gerçekleştirilen analizler sonucunda tüm plastik mafsal lokasyonları için Oluk derinliği / Kiriş yüksekliği oranı olarak 0,300 değerinin daha iyi sonuçlar sunduğu gözlemlenmiştir.
Monterey Wharf II Cell Enumeration For HABMAP Reporting v1
Authors: L Woods April , Jason Smith G
Published: April 2018

Cell preservation and counting techniques for Monterey Wharf II monitoring and CA-HABMAP reporting.
THE PROJECT “GREATER EURASIA” IN GEOSTRATEGY OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors: Goltsov A.
Published: April 2018

Geostrategy of state involves in particular the projects of its activities concerning certain regions of the world, countries and territories. Contemporary geostrategy of Russia in the world is based on the conceptual basis of the formation of a multipolar order. In 2016, Russia initiated the creation of the “great Eurasian economic space”. The implementation of geoeconomic (and at the same time geopolitical) project of the “Greater Eurasia” is to ensure the interests of Russia and increase its positions in the continent.
The project “Greater Eurasia” makes provisions for economic association of leading Asian countries like Russia, China, India, Pakistan, Iran, and many others. The Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) may become the main basis for the “Greater Eurasia”. China as a main powerful economic actor in the Eurasia implements the transregional project “One Belt, One Road” that will lead to a significant strengthening of its geopolitical influence in the continent. Russia has risk to become a dependent partner of China. It is assumed that geostrategy of Russia towards China provides geopolitical “balancing” of the latter by involving to the interaction of India, Iran and other countries. In geostrategy of Russia the project “Greater Eurasia” is associated with the further development of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) in the post-Soviet space. Quite significant contradictions among the leading actors may prevent the realization of the project “Greater Eurasia”. Contemporary Russia has insufficient economic potential for implementation of its geostrategy in Eurasia.
Social Work as a Career: Comparative Motivations of Black and White Social Workers
Authors: Nashwan Ayat J. J. , Bowie Stan L.
Published: April 2018

This research investigated differential career choice factors (CCFs) that motivated Black and White graduates to enroll in MSW programs. The purposive sample (N=1,020) was mostly White (66.4%), and consisted of individuals living primarily in Tennessee (71%) and Florida (13.2%), with MSWs from CSWE-accredited schools in 45 states. Most (36%) were social work majors as undergraduates, followed by psychology (27.3%) and sociology (7.2%) majors. Data were collected using the Career Development Subscale of the Preparation for Graduate Social Work Education Scale. Influential CCFs were different for Blacks and Whites, with the former emphasizing a desire for increased income and the latter emphasizing a desire for recognition and acquiring new skills. Results affirmed the idea of data-based MSW program recruitment strategies based on race and cultural preferences. BSW faculty were found to be ideally suited to influence MSW program recruitment and should be more deliberate toward that end.
Synthesis of Novel Chalcone Substituted Metallophthalocyanines: Electrochemistry, Spectroelectrochemistry and Catalytic Oxidation of 2-mercaptoethanol
Authors: Karaca Hüseyin
Published: April 2018

Novel
metallophthalocyanines (M = Zn, Co)
carrying on the four of the
peripheral positions (E)-1-(furan-2-yl)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-en-1-one as
chalcone were sythesized. These complexes
have been characterized by a combination of FT-IR, 1H-NMR, HRMS and
UV–Vis spectroscopy techniques. Also cyclic voltammograms of these
phthalocyanines were taken and obtained knowledge as zinc phthalocyanine have
one reduction reaction and cobalt phthalocyanine have two reduction reaction.
Spectroelectrochemical investigation shows the ring based reduction of MPc’s. Pc-7 cobalt(II)phthalocyanine was investigated as catalyst in the catalytic
oxidation of 2-mercaptoethanol. Turnover number,
initial reaction rate and the oxygen consumption was found in the catalytic
oxidation of 2-mercaptoethanol as 16.6, 
0.29, 2.52 recpectively.
Profiles of colour, minerals, amino acids and fatty acids in Asha, the triple cross (Ghungroo x Hampshire x Duroc) fattener pig variety
Authors: Thomas R , Banik S , Barman K , Mohan N H , Sarma D K
Published: April 2018

Carcass composition and meat quality were evaluated for Asha, a triple cross pig (Ghungroo x Hampshire x Duroc, G25H25D50), which was developed and released by ICAR-National Research Centre on Pig as a fattener pig variety. A total of 14 gilts and 20 barrows from triple cross pigs were slaughtered at the age of 10 months for evaluating the different parameters. Instrumental colour measurement indicated that the coordinates were in the following range: lightness (L*), 38.91 – 53.75; redness (a*, red ± green), 6.83 – 11.96; and yellowness (b*, yellow ± blue), 11.38 – 18.49. The mineral contents in the M. longissimus thoracis et lumborum were in the following range: potassium, 268 - 334 mg/100g; zinc, 0.59 - 0.83 mg/100g; copper, 0.04 – 0.1 mg/100g; manganese, 0.01 - 0.06 mg/100g and magnesium, 4.53 - 7.74 mg/100g. Significant (P>0.05) differences were not observed in the concentration of any of the estimated amino acids between the sexes. Fatty acid profiling of M. longissimus thoracis et lumborum indicated that saturated and unsaturated fatty acids were in the range of 31.14% - 38.65% and 60.27% - 69.49%, respectively. Results further indicated a concentration of 0.91% – 1.70% omega-3 fatty acids; 15.87% - 22.13% omega-6 fatty acids and 15.66% - 24.17% essential fatty acids in the muscle tissues.
A Economia Solidária em Ciência da Informação: interrelações e atuações possíveis
Authors: Foresti Fabricio , Godoy Viera Angel Freddy , Vitorino Elizete Vieira , Varvakis Gregório
Published: April 2018

A Economia Solidária é uma alternativa de produção e consumo para reduzir as desigualdades sociais, um movimento internacional que emerge com outros temas contemporâneos. A pesquisa bibliográfica exploratória objetiva verificar como o tema da Economia Solidária situa-se nos estudos realizados em Ciência da Informação, bem como explorar os pontos em comum entre a competência em informação e a Economia Solidária. Os resultados mostram que o tema da Economia Solidária ainda é uma novidade em Ciência da Informação, contudo, outros temas correlatos apresentam produção científica considerável, que explora o potencial da informação no contexto econômico-sustentável. Mostram que existe convergência entre os ideais e os princípios da competência em informação e da Economia Solidária. Conclui-se que os profissionais da informação podem atuar de muitas formas diante da Economia Solidária, destacadamente com trabalhos relacionados ao desenvolvimento de competência em informação e por meio da realização de mais pesquisas sobre o tema.
Os conceitos de apropriação: contribuições à Ciência da Informação
Authors: Batista Carmem Lúcia
Published: April 2018

O conceito de apropriação tem sido muito utilizado na Ciência da Informação em relação a diferentes situações: apropriação da informação, de bens culturais, de espaço, de dispositivos tecnológicos, dentre outros. Esse fato nos faz indagar sobre o sentido do conceito nessa área. Por isso, este trabalho tem como objetivo sistematizar referências sobre o conceito de apropriação em diferentes áreas do conhecimento, diferenciando-o de outros, como adaptação, assimilação, interiorização, incorporação e transmissão. A partir dessas referências, são destacados conceitos-chave pertinentes aos usos do conceito em Ciência da Informação. Como método de trabalho, foi feita uma revisão de literatura em diferentes disciplinas em que o conceito é utilizado. Como resultado, são sistematizadas as principais contribuições sobre apropriação que têm relevância e pertinência à Ciência da Informação.
Patrimônio Cultural, hegemonia e mediações sociais na América Latina
Authors: Guevara Zárraga María Estela
Published: April 2018

Introdução da Seção Especial “Patrimônio Cultural, hegemonia e mediações sociais na América Latina”
Uma análise dos principais tópicos de pesquisas investigados pelos pesquisadores doutores brasileiros
Authors: Gomes Jether Oliveira , Dias Thiago Magela Rodrigues , Moita Gray Farias
Published: April 2018

A produção e publicação de trabalhos científicos apresentou um crescimento impressionante nas últimas décadas, sendo a internet o principal fator de acesso e difusão desses para a comunidade. Diante disto, nota-se um interesse global de todas áreas do conhecimento quanto a estudos sobre dados de produções científicas, a fim de conhecer o que se tem feito acerca da ciência. Sendo que, o entendimento sobre como as pesquisas têm evoluído, pode  servir de base para construção de políticas científicas, visando novos avanços na ciência, ou impulsionar grupos de pesquisas a se tornarem mais produtivos. Neste contexto, o objetivo do estudo é analisar os tópicos de pesquisa publicados ao longo dos últimos 55 anos de trajetória da ciência brasileira de pesquisadores doutores, no intuito de mapear o conhecimento científico e identificar temas em destaques. Para isso, são realizadas a caracterização geral e uma análise dos dados referentes às palavras-chave dos artigos publicados em anais de congressos e em periódicos, pelos doutores que têm currículos cadastrados na Plataforma Lattes. Os resultados mostraram uma visão geral sobre as palavras-chave utilizadas pelos doutores, e, assim, identificação e análise dos principais tópicos de pesquisas desenvolvidos por eles. Como considerações finais, constatou-se a validade dos resultados do ponto de vista quantitativo, para auxiliar no entendimento sobre o desenvolvimento da ciência brasileira.
Influence of PD-0332991 treatment on cell cycle regulatory genes in breast cancer stem cells
Authors: ONUR ÇAĞLAR Hasan , YILMAZ SÜSLÜER Sunde , GÜNDÜZ Cumhur , HAYDAROĞLU Ayfer
Published: April 2018

Aim: Palbociclib (PD-0332991) is an inhibitor for cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 complex and exhibits more activity in luminal ER+ breast cancer. However, sensitivity of breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) to PD-0332991 treatment and expression patterns of cell cycle regulatory genes after PD-0332991 treatment in BCSCs are still unclear. This study aims to determine response of BCSCs to PD-0332991 treatment.Materials and Methods: An experimental in vitro study was designed on breast cancer cell lines. MCF-7 and BCSCs cell lines were used in this study. Water soluble tetrazolium salt-1 (WST-1) test was used for the cytotoxicity assay. Cell cycle distribution pattern and apoptosis were examined with flow cytometry according to IC50 values at 48th h. Real-Time PCR was used to detect expression profiles of CDKN1A, CHEK1, CDKN2A, CDC25A, and CCND1 genes.Results: PD-0332991 decreased cell proliferation in both cell lines. G0/G1 arrest was detected for both cell lines. There was no apoptotic effect of PD-0332991 on MCF-7 cells and BCSCs. In MCF-7 cells, expression levels of CDKN1A, CDKN2A, and CCND1 genes were increased as 3.11, 3.21, and 1.05 folds, respectively. Expression levels of CHEK1 and CDC25A genes were decreased as 4.75 and 3.73 folds, respectively. In BCSCs, expression levels of CDKN1A, CHEK1, CDKN2A, and CCND1 were decreased as 1.15, 2.01, 1.32, and 1.68 folds, respectively. No expression of CDC25A gene was found in BCSCs group.Conclusion: In this study, it was observed that PD-0332991 leads to different expression profiles for cell cycle regulatory genes between BCSCs and breast cancer cells.
Cosmetic aspects in minimally ınvasive parathyroidectomy: Is minimally invasive approach superior?
Authors: MAKAY Özer , EROL Varlık , İÇÖZ Gökhan , ÖZTÜRK Şafak , AKDEMİR Övünç , AKYILDIZ Mahir
Published: April 2018

Aim: The

aim of this study was to determine whether minimally invasive parathyroid

surgery has any positive impact on cosmesis. Materials and Methods: This case control study included 28 parathyroidectomized patients, who

had been operated between January 2006 – December 2008. All patients were

called back for at least 8 months after surgery. Demographics were recorded.

Minimally invasive parathyroidectomy versus conventional parathyroidectomy were

compared by means of skin features (using Fitzpatrick’s classification),

results of patient and independent observer scar assessment scales and

photographic scar analysis by the blinded plastic surgeon. Results: There

were no differences in demographics and Fitzpatrick’s classification between

both groups. As expected, incision length of the minimal invasive group was

significantly shorter (2.6 ± 0.5cm vs. 4.9±1.0 cm, p=0.02). Meanwhile, no

significant difference in objective outcomes of patients between groups was

recorded. There was also no significant difference in photographic scar

analysis between groups, while independent observer scar assessment scale

scores were better in the minimal invasive group (p=0.03). 

Conclusion: Although superior

results of an independent observer, assessment of cosmesis by the plastic

surgeon and the patient him/herself revealed no superiority of the minimally

invasive approach, when compared to conventional parathyroid surgery.
İnkarsere insizyonel herni kesesi içerisinde perfore apandisit
Authors: ÜSTÜN Mehmet , BATUHAN DEMİR Halit , Balcı Çetindağ Bengi , UĞURLU Levent , KAYA Tayfun , AYDIN Cengiz
Published: April 2018

Appendiks vermiformis, nadir olarak karın duvarı fıtıkları içerisinde yer alabilmektedir. Akut karın tablosunun ek sık sebebi olan akut apandisit, bu herni keseleri içinde de görülebilmektedir. İnkarsere insizyonel herni kesesi içerisinde perfore apandisit saptanan bir hastaya, appendektomi ve anatomik onarım uyguladık. İnkarsere karın duvarı fıtıkları içerisinde inflame apendiks nadir de olsa görülebilmektedir.
Spinal myoclonus following spinal anesthesia in a cystoscopy case
Authors: KUVVET YOLDAŞ Tuba , YOLDAŞ Mehmet , İŞLER Dilber
Published: April 2018

Spinal myoclonus developed after regional anesthesia is quite rare. They are sudden onset, involuntary, short focal or segmental contractions in a single muscle or a muscle group. Spinal myoclonus is a neuromuscular dysfunction developed after spinal cord pathologies (tumor, infection,etc.) Almost all reported cases were related to intrathecal bupivacaine or an epidural catheter. We aimed to present the spinal myoclonus we observed in our case caused by the administration of bupivacaine for spinal anesthesia.
An unexpected clinical presentation of primary squamous cell carcinoma of the thyroid gland
Authors: KILIÇ Korhan , SAKAT Muhammed Sedat , ÜÇÜNCÜ Harun
Published: April 2018

Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the thyroid gland (PSCCT) is a rare disease which accounts less than 1% of all thyroid cancers. Patients usually present with enlarging neck mass. In this paper we presented a 76-year-old female patient with PSCCT whose initial finding was a cervical abscess. To our knowledge this is the first PSCCT case in the literature presenting as cervical abscess. The patient was referred to our clinic with dysphasia, shortness in breathing and hyperemic right neck mass, growing in size for 1 week. On physical examination a fluctuant and hyperemic mass was observed at the right cervical region. Magnetic resonance imaging of neck and upper thorax revealed a mass in the area of right thyroid gland, including cystic and necrotic component, progressing to the retrosternal area, surrounding right jugular vein and common carotid artery. An open biopsy was performed. The histopathological diagnosis was squamous cell carcinoma. Because of the extended invasion and infiltration of adjacent tissues, the patient was accepted as inoperable in oncologic council. PSCCT is a rare and aggressive neoplasm of the thyroid gland with poor prognosis. In a patient with deep neck spaces abscess, an underlying PSCCT should be kept in mind to avoid delays in the diagnosis and treatment.
Example of an infectious complication in injection drug users: Psoas abscess
Authors: SONGÜR KODİK Meltem , ERSEL Murat
Published: April 2018

In this case report the authors aim to present a psoas abscess of an injection drug user. These patients mostly admit to emergency department (ED) because of infections with unknown origin. Because of the obscure symptoms of the infection it is a challenge to diagnose for clinicians. A 26-year-old female who had drug addiction problem, and also under treatment for this problem, admitted with obscure infectious symptoms to ED. Physical examination revealed a pain located in the right coxae radiating to the knee. Computed tomography images of the right hip demonstrated a psoas abscess.
Hashimoto’s encephalopathy: Report of two cases
Authors: YILDIRIM Zerrin , KARAHAN Muazzez Gökçen , ALTUNKAYNAK Yavuz , DÖVENTAŞ Alper , BAYBAŞ Sevim
Published: April 2018

Hashimoto’s
encephalopathy is a disease considered to derive from an autoimmune etiology,
associated with anti-thyroid auto-antibodies. Clinical manifestations may
include acute or latent conditions. The disease is diagnosed through clinical
manifestations, high anti-thyroid auto-antibodies and elimination of other
conditions that may also cause encephalopathy. In this report, we present two
patients admitted with acute neurological deterioration and diagnosed with
Hashimoto’s encephalopathy.
Exploring the Opinions of Lecturers and Preparatory Students About Culture in Their Language Classrooms
Authors: ÇANKAYA Pınar
Published: April 2018

Culture teaching in EFL classrooms
has been widely investigated by researchers, program developers and teachers.
Having been regarded as challenging in terms of both instructional and
pedagogical aspects, it still occupies a remarkable place in EFL classrooms. To
this end, the primary concern of this study is to discuss culture and culture
teaching in general terms through the eyes of English language instructors and
preparatory students. Moreover, to capture the great
number of potential angles, the
contribution of the course book “English File” to culture teaching is also
explored. To serve this purpose, a mixed method research design was adopted to
reveal whether there was a conscious culture teaching at a preparatory school of
a state university in Turkey. Within this scope, 15 English language
instructors and 122 learners were randomly selected to respond a questionnaire
in addition to semi- structured interviews. Triangulation was achieved through qualitative,
quantitative data, and document analysis which provides rich insights on culture in language classrooms. While quantitative data was analyzed via SPPS
program, qualitative data was gone through content analysis. Incorporating both qualitative
and quantitative data obtained from considerable
number of respondents, the study revealed that both instructors and students agreed that culture is to be taught in
language classrooms. With the central aim being to cover all relevant
ideas with regards to culture, this study
highlights that instructors need to develop appropriate methodology in order to
make their learners aware of cultural differences which merits serious consideration.
Edebiyatın Hafızası Metinlerarasılık: Ferhunde Kalfa’dan Mücella’ya
Authors: AKARKAN Serdar
Published: April 2018

Bu çalışmada
metinlerarasılık konusunda iki farklı kuramcının görüşlerinden hareket edilerek
Halit Ziya Uşaklıgil’in Ferhunde Kalfa
ve Nazan Bekiroğlu’nun Mücella isimli
eserleri incelenmiştir. Metinlerarası ilişki, edebi gelenek içinde hayranlıkla
okunan, okurların edebi hafızasında yer eden bir metnin tekrar hatırlanmasını
sağlar ve onu tekrar bir edebiyat nesnesine dönüştürür. Bu açıdan makale bir
yandan kuramsal olarak Michael Riffaterre’in metinlerarası “anlam” (sens) ve
“anlamlama” (signifiance) olgularının oluşumu ve metinlerarasılığın
bulgulanmasında okuyucuya düşen görevi; diğer yandan Gérard Genette’in
metinlerarası ilişkiler yöntemini ele almaktadır. Yazınsal metin, tek başına
var olmuş, öncesi ve sonrası olmayan bir varlık olarak okurun karşısında
durmamaktadır. Açıkça kendinden önceki pek çok metnin, farklı bir anlam
alanında, farklı bir gönderge döngüsünde ortaya çıkması, göndergeleri ve
bileşenleri çözümleme, anlama, onları yaşama aktarmada belli bir çaba
gerektirmektedir. Metinlerarasılık, uzak veya yakın geçmiş zamanda yazılmış bir
metnin ya da birden fazla metnin yeni bir metne kaynaklık teşkil etmesi
açısından edebiyatın hafızası işleviyle karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Bu, metinler
arası izlenen hafıza aktarımının çizgisi, belli bir dizge içerisinde sosyolojik
olarak farklı anlamlar da yaratmaktadır. Edebiyat metnini zenginleştiren ve ona
değer katan bu yöntem, metni bir sürecin parçası gibi algılamamızı da sağlamaktadır.  Genette’in gönderge metin üzerinde
değiştirimlerin / dönüştürümlerin biçimsel ve izleksel açıdan nasıl belirlediği
araştırılarak örnek metinler üzerinde uygulanmıştır. Riffaterre’in “anlamlama”
sürecinin alımlama estetiği ile özdeşleşen yönüne değinilmiş ve Genette’in
benöyküsel dönüşüm (transposition homodiégétique) adını verdiği durumun
“anlamlama”dan farkı konusunda çıkarımlarda bulunulmuştur.
A política e seus outros: imagens sobre a ação política entre as/os Kaiowá e os/as Guarani
Authors: Cariaga Diógenes Egídio , Seraguza Lauriene
Published: April 2018

O contexto atual de vida dos Kaiowá e Guarani em Mato Grosso do Sul é marcado por intensas formas de mobilização e articulação política das famílias como forma de ação para pressionar o Estado em identificar e demarcar seus territórios de habitação tradicional. Neste texto, pretendemos, por meio das nossas reflexões e imagens produzidas através de nossas pesquisas, demonstrar que a vida social kaiowá e guarani é marcada por potentes e múltiplas relações entre eles e seus outros que configuram importantes modos como conceituam sua vida social. As fotos, em conjunto com texto apresentado, procuram dar relevo à ação do pensamento kaiowá como política na mediação e transformação da alteridade.
A Fault Diagnosis Scheme of Gear Vibration Signal Based on Variational Mode Decomposition and Detrended Fluctuation Analysis
Authors: Hu Sinian , Xiao Han , Yi Cancan
Published: April 2018

The vibration signal of heavy gearbox presents non-stationary and nonlinear characteristics, which increases the difficulty to extract the fault feature. When the gear has a subtle fault, it may cause a perceptible change of local fluctuation rather than the large scale fluctuation. Therefore, the feature parameters extracted from local fluctuation can effectively improve the recognition performance of the gear fault. In this paper, a novel signal processing method based on variational mode decomposition (VMD) and detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA) is proposed to identify the gear fault of heavy gearbox. Firstly, the raw vibration signal is decomposed several mode components by VMD, which is an adaptive and non-recursive signal decomposition method. Next, the sensitive mode component is selected by a maximal indicator, which is composed of kurtosis and correlation coefficient of relative higher frequency mode components corresponding to local fluctuation of raw vibration signal. Finally, the characteristics of the double-scales feature parameters of selected sensitive mode are extracted by DFA. In addition, the position of turning point of double scales is estimated by sliding windowing algorithm. The proposed method is evaluated through its application to gear fault classification using vibration signal. The results demonstrates that the recognization rate of gear faults condition have marked improvement by proposed method than the DFA of Small Time Scale (STS-DFA) method.
Trends in Prescription Pain Medication Use by Race/Ethnicity Among US Adults With Noncancer Pain, 2000–2015
Authors: Harrison Jordan M. , Lagisetty Pooja , Sites Brian D. , Guo Cui , Davis Matthew A.
Published: April 2018

Objectives. To examine national trends in the use of various pharmacological pain medication classes by race/ethnicity among the US pain population.

Methods. We used data from the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey to conduct a nationally representative, serial cross-sectional study of the noninstitutionalized US adult population from 2000 to 2015. We identified adults with moderate or severe self-reported pain and excluded individuals with cancer. We used complex survey design to provide national estimates of the percentage of adults with noncancer pain who received prescription pain medications among 4 groups: non-Hispanic White, non-Hispanic Black, Hispanic or Latino, and other.

Results. The age- and gender-adjusted percentage of prescription opioid use increased across all groups, with the greatest increase among non-Hispanic White individuals. By 2015, the percentage of non-Hispanic Black adults using opioids approximated that of non-Hispanic White adults—in 2015, approximately 23% of adults in these 2 groups used opioids.

Conclusions. To our knowledge, this is the first evidence of a narrowing divide in opioid prescribing by race. However, in the context of the national epidemic of opioid-related addiction and mortality, opioid-related risks do not appear commensurate with the purported benefits.
Standard Death Certificates Versus Enhanced Surveillance to Identify Heroin Overdose–Related Deaths
Authors: Horon Isabelle L. , Singal Pooja , Fowler David R. , Sharfstein Joshua M.
Published: April 2018

Objectives. To compare 2 approaches to identifying heroin-related deaths in cases of overdose: standard death certificates and enhanced surveillance.

Methods. We reviewed Maryland death certificates from 2012 to 2015 in cases of overdose to determine specific mentions of heroin. Counts were compared with estimates obtained through an enhanced surveillance approach that included a protocol considering cause of death, toxicology, and scene investigation findings.

Results. Death certificates identified 1130 heroin-related deaths. Enhanced surveillance identified 2182 cases, nearly double the number found through the standard approach. The major factors supporting enhanced surveillance in identifying cases were the presence of morphine, either alone or in combination with quinine, and scene investigation information suggesting heroin use.

Conclusions. Death certificates, the primary source of state and national data on overdose deaths, may underestimate the contribution of heroin to drug-related mortality. Enhanced surveillance efforts should be considered to allow a better understanding of the contribution of heroin to the overdose crisis.

Public Health Implications. If enhanced surveillance can be incorporated into the death certificate process, national data on overdoses may better reflect the contribution of heroin to the opioid crisis.
Impact of the Community-Wide Adolescent Health Project on Sexually Transmitted Infection Testing in Omaha, Nebraska
Authors: Tibbits Melissa , Maloney Shannon , Ndashe Tambudzai Phiri , Grimm Brandon , Johansson Patrik , Siahpush Mohammad
Published: April 2018

We describe the impact of the Adolescent Health Project on sexually transmitted infection (STI) testing in Omaha, NE, during phase 1 (media campaigns) and phase 2 (free STI testing). To assess the impact of each phase on STI testing, we examined monthly data from January 2013 to April 2017 via interrupted time series analyses. There was an immediate and statistically significant increase in testing during phase 2. Expanding and advertising free STI testing is a promising approach to increasing testing.
Restrictive Versus Liberal Strategy for Red Blood-Cell Transfusion
Authors: Gu Wan-Jie , Gu Xiao-Ping , Wu Xiang-Dong , Chen Hao , Kwong Joey S.W. , Zhou Lu-Yang , Chen Shuo , Ma Zheng-Liang
Published: April 2018

Background:

Current guidelines recommend restrictive criteria for red blood-cell transfusion in most clinical settings. However, patients undergoing orthopaedic surgery may require distinct transfusion criteria since benefits and potential harm often vary considerably based on patient characteristics and surgical procedures. We aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of restrictive transfusion in patients undergoing orthopaedic surgery, especially in important subgroups.

Methods:

Electronic databases were searched to identify randomized controlled trials investigating restrictive (mostly a hemoglobin level of 8.0 g/dL or symptomatic anemia) versus liberal (mostly a hemoglobin level of 10.0 g/dL) transfusion in patients undergoing orthopaedic surgery. For the primary outcome of cardiovascular events, we performed random-effects meta-analyses to synthesize the evidence and to assess the effects in different subgroups according to patient characteristics (with versus without preexisting cardiovascular disease) and surgical procedures (hip fracture surgery versus elective arthroplasty).

Results:

Ten trials involving 3,968 participants who underwent hip or knee surgery were included. Mean participant age ranged from 68.7 to 86.9 years. Compared with liberal transfusion, restrictive transfusion increased the risk of cardiovascular events (8 trials; 3,618 participants; relative risk [RR], 1.51; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.16 to 1.98; p = 0.003; with no heterogeneity across all trials), irrespective of preexisting cardiovascular disease (pinteraction = 0.63). In a subgroup analysis, the increase was observed in patients undergoing hip fracture surgery (RR, 1.51; 95% CI, 1.08 to 2.10; p = 0.02), but did not reach significance in those undergoing elective arthroplasty (RR, 1.53; 95% CI, 0.96 to 2.44; p = 0.07). To minimize the bias caused by variations in transfusion threshold, we conducted an analysis that only included trials using 8.0 g/dL hemoglobin or symptomatic anemia as the threshold for restrictive transfusion and obtained identical results (6 trials; 2,872 participants; RR, 1.51; 95% CI, 1.09 to 2.08; p = 0.01; I2 = 0%). The 2 arms did not differ with respect to the rates of all infections, 30-day mortality, thromboembolic events, wound infection, pulmonary infection (mainly pneumonia), and cerebrovascular accidents (mainly stroke).

Conclusions:

In patients undergoing orthopaedic surgery, when compared with liberal transfusion, restrictive transfusion increases the risk of cardiovascular events irrespective of preexisting cardiovascular disease. Importantly, the increased risk was observed in patients undergoing hip fracture surgery but did not reach significance in those undergoing elective arthroplasty.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level I. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Practice Patterns and Performance in U.S. Fracture Liaison Programs
Authors: Dirschl Douglas R. , Rustom Hani
Published: April 2018

Background:

We are not aware of any previous investigation assessing a national cohort of patients enrolled in a fracture liaison service (FLS) program in an open health-care system to ascertain prevalent practice patterns. The objective of this investigation was to determine, in a geographically diverse group of centers in a single FLS program, the percentage of patients for whom anti-osteoporosis treatment was recommended or started as well as to identify associations between patient and fracture variables and the likelihood of treatment being recommended.

Methods:

The study utilized the Own the Bone program registry, which included 32,671 unique patient records with the required data. The primary outcome measure was whether a recommendation to start anti-osteoporosis treatment was made to the patient at the time of program enrollment. The associations between patient and fracture variables and the likelihood of having treatment recommended were calculated.

Results:

Anti-osteoporosis treatment was recommended to 72.8% of patients and was initiated for 12.1%. A sedentary lifestyle and a parent who had sustained a hip fracture increased the likelihood of a treatment recommendation by 10% and 12%, respectively. While patients with a spinal fracture were 11% more likely to have received a treatment recommendation, those with a hip fracture were 2% less likely to have received such a recommendation. Age was not strongly associated with the likelihood of receiving a treatment recommendation but was associated with the initiation of treatment.

Conclusions:

Practitioners at sites in the Own the Bone program recommend anti-osteoporosis treatment, at the time of initial evaluation, to about three-quarters of patients who present with a fragility fracture. This is a very strong improvement over previously reported national data. The findings that a hip fracture had the lowest association and age had very little association with the likelihood of recommending treatment were unexpected and perhaps deserve further investigation.

Clinical Relevance:

FLS programs and sites as well as all those who manage patients with a fragility fracture can utilize the information derived from this study to improve practice patterns for the care of these patients.
The water diary method – proof-of-concept and policy implications for monitoring water use behaviour in rural Kenya
Authors: Hoque Sonia Ferdous , Hope Robert
Published: April 2018

Africa is lagging behind global progress to meet the Sustainable Development Goal for ‘universal access to safe and affordable drinking water’ services. New knowledge needs to understand and respond to water service inequalities which are not revealed by high quality, but snapshot and infrequent, household surveys. We have designed and piloted a ‘water diary’ in Kenya to document the daily sources, uses, cost and sufficiency of water, along with weekly household expenditures. Water use behaviours vary across water supply alternatives, rainfall extremes and economic conditions to affect ‘sufficiency’ for competing drinking, bathing, laundry, hygiene, and productive uses. Findings reveal water for hygiene uses is reduced during drought, and while water expenditure is the lowest of seven categories, it spikes for a minority. We evaluate the diary method by measurement, internal and external validity criteria and conclude that the longitudinal approach offers complementary insights to address the gaps in current monitoring methods.
Teses e realidades no contexto da internacionalização da educação superior no Brasil
Authors: Morosini Marilia Costa , Corte Marilene Gabriel Dalla
Published: April 2018

O artigo analisa a internacionalização da educação superior no Brasil, visando estabelecer inter-relações com o contexto da produção do conhecimento e contextos emergentes. Utilizaram-se os princípios de estado de conhecimento para delinear as principais tendências da internacionalização, a partir do que sinalizam teses e dissertações disponíveis no banco de dados do Instituto Brasileiro de Informação em Ciência e Tecnologia. Nos trabalhos analisados, encontraram-se: os principais elementos que constituem a internacionalização da educação superior na perspectiva da expansão são: a formação de redes de pesquisa, cooperação internacional, mobilidade acadêmica e estratégias institucionais; a internacionalização da educação superior está intimamente relacionada ao fenômeno globalização; a mobilidade acadêmica contribui para o reconhecimento e a compreensão de elementos interculturais, fluxos migratórios e canais de comunicação e produção conjunta e qualificada entre países; no global sul, há forte concepção de integração regional e no global norte há priorização da internacionalização com fins econômicos.
Educação popular e sua renovação crítica: um diálogo com as Epistemologias do Sul
Authors: Corrêa Sérgio Roberto Moraes , Silva Severino Bezerra da
Published: April 2018

O presente artigo se propõe a fazer uma reflexão teórica e epistemológica sobre a Educação Popular (EP) no contexto da sociedade contemporânea de crises e mudanças paradigmáticas, especialmente no Brasil, procurando, a partir da periferia e dos (as) oprimidos (as), estabelecer um diálogo com as Epistemologias do Sul, em particular com Boaventura Santos, a fim de colocar novas questões e sujeitos em cena e debate, para pensar os desafios da renovação crítica da educação popular e identificar os desafios da reinvenção dos processos de emancipação social. Este artigo é resultado de uma dissertação de mestrado realizada no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação (PPGE) da Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB).
Expansão da educação superior, cursos de licenciatura e criação das novas universidades federais
Authors: Camargo Arlete Maria Monte de , Medeiros Luciene Das Graças de Miranda
Published: April 2018

Neste artigo objetivou-se analisar as repercussões das políticas da educação superior nas universidades públicas federais (criadas entre 2003 a 2014), afetadas por constrangimentos econômicos e financeiros, considerando, em especial, os cursos de licenciatura. Considera-se que as políticas sociais assumem a determinação de legitimar as relações sociais de produção, além do compromisso em atender às demandas da classe trabalhadora, por acesso à educação superior (CHESNAIS, 1995; PAULANI, 2008; NEVES, 2007). Realizou-se a revisão da literatura correlata, e recorreu-se à base de dados do Inep/MEC e aos sítios das universidades federais pesquisadas, onde se teve uma visão mais clara sobre a oferta de cursos em cada uma dessas IES. Entre os resultados, constam-se a construção de novas arquiteturas acadêmicas nos cursos de graduação e uma nova cultura acadêmico-institucional, apesar de ainda haver espaço para a tarefa de formar professores no espaço universitário, o que não constitui prioridade em algumas instituições estudadas.
Synthesis of 3-(Cyclohexylamino)-2-arylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-8- carboxylic Acids Via an Efficient Three-component Condensation Reaction between Cyclohexylisocyanide and 2-Aminopyridine-3-carboxylic Acid in the Presence of Aromatic Aldehyde
Authors: Marandi Ghasem
Published: April 2018

Aim and Objective:

The reaction of cyclohexylisocyanide and 2-aminopyridine-3-
carboxylic acid in the presence of benzaldehyde derivatives in ethanol led to 3-(cyclohexylamino)-2-
arylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-8-carboxylic acids in high yields. In a three component condensation
reaction, isocyanide reacts with 2-aminopyridine-3-carboxylic acid and aromatic aldehydes without
any prior activation.

Material and Methods:

The synthesized products have stable structures which have been
characterized by IR, 1H, 13C and Mass spectroscopy as well as CHN-O analysis.

Results:

In continuation of our attempts to develop simple one-pot routes for the synthesis of 3-
(cyclohexylamino)-2-arylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-8-carboxylic acids, aromatic aldehydes with divers
substituted show a high performance.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, this study introduces the art of combinatorial chemistry using a simple
one-pot procedure for the synthesis of new materials which are interesting compounds in medicinal
and biological sciences.
Modifications of Hydroxyl-Functionalized HEA/HEMA and Their Polymers in the Synthesis of Functional and Graft Copolymers
Authors: Neugebauer Dorota
Published: April 2018

Background: Functional groups have played a fundamental role in synthesis of polymers due to
they decide about polymerization methods, and influence on their topologies, properties and applications. The
functional polymers are used as a high-performance materials with well-adjusted properties by modification of
functionalities that can be addressed selectively to a variety of applications, usually in biomedical field.

Objective: In this minireview article hydroxy-functionalized polymers, mostly based on 2-hydroxyethyl
methacrylate (HEMA) or 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA), are discussed as products of the controlled polymerizations
and as substrates in the functionalization reactions.

Conclusion: The hydroxyl group gives opportunity for prepolymerization reactions, including protection
group and macromonomer preparation. Multifunctional (co)polymers of HEMA/HEA contain reactive hydroxyl
groups, which are directly accessible or caring suitable protective groups that can be removed or/and
modified by post-polymerization reactions. The variation of approaches let to obtain functional polymers with
linear, star-shape and graft topologies as the well-defined structures for the advanced functional materials, including
smart polymeric devices.
Aspekt paschalno-eschatologiczny liturgii zmarłych
Authors: Pisarzak Marian
Published: April 2018

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Watykańska kolekcja rękopisów św. Jana z Kęt
Authors: Zawadzki Roman Maria
Published: April 2018

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Piąty Międzynarodowy Kongres Biblijny w Oxfordzie
Authors: Kaznowski Zbigniew
Published: April 2018

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Odkrywanie Biblii jako źródła społeczno-politycznych rozwiązań w pracy Stowarzyszenia Biblijnego na Słowacji
Authors: Tyrol Anton
Published: April 2018

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