bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Heat exchange in fuel rods at different cross sections
Authors: Kanareykin Aleksandr
Published: October 2023

The work is devoted to the process of heat exchange in fuel rods of different cross-sections. It considers a stationary process without internal heat sources under boundary conditions of the first kind. The nature of the change in the temperature field during the transition from a cylindrical to an elliptical section is shown. A formula was also obtained for finding the temperature in a fuel element formed by elliptical surfaces of co-focal ellipses
Optimization and modeling of electric generators elements of wind power plants
Authors: Safronov Ivan , Minaev Vladimir , Ushakov Alexander , Gribkova Olga
Published: October 2023

The issues of improving the exploitation properties of renewable energy equipment are considered. The concept of improving power electronics and the design of a wind farm is defined. A model and algorithms for controlling the power of an electric generator have been developed. The results of computer modeling are presented.
Achievable parameters of the X-band synthetic aperture radar based on small satellite
Authors: Khramov Konstantin , Kostrov Viktor
Published: October 2023

Space-based synthetic aperture radar systems are actively used for remote sensing of the Earth and have significant capabilities. Advances in microelectronics have made it possible to create and launch into orbit compact radars based on small satellites. Analysis of the capabilities of such radars is an actual problem. In this paper the issues of simulation and estimation of the antenna area, noise equivalent sigma zero, spatial and radiometric resolution of space-based synthetic aperture radars (SAR) operating on the basis of small spacecraft are considered. The necessary mathematical apparatus is given and the above values are calculated for the X-band SAR operating in strip mode at maximum resolution. The influence of the main technical parameters of space SAR on dimensions of antenna, on sensitivity, spatial and radiometric resolution is analyzed.
Light microscope photography in a cold room laboratory of the Geography faculty of Lomonosov Moscow State University
Authors: Frolov D.M. , Rzhanitsyn G.A. , Koshurnikov A.V. , Gagarin V.E.
Published: October 2023

At the Faculty of Geography of Lomonosov Moscow State University there is a cold room laboratory which is equipped to study the properties of snow, ice and frozen soil for the needs of the educational process and scientific research at the Department of Cryolithology and Glaciology and the Laboratory of Snow Avalanches and Mudflows of the Faculty of Geography. In particular, the cold laboratory is equipped for lite microscope photography in polarized light.
The use of a portable seismic station on the territory of Karelia
Authors: Lebedev Artem , Zueva Irina
Published: October 2023

This paper provides examples of usage, as well as the technical specifications of the portable seismic station Cossack Ranger II. Examples of in-field use are presented, demonstrating the convenience, flexibility and mobility of this type of equipment.
Seismic stress state of a high earth dam using the spectroscopic method
Authors: Salyamova Klara , Toshmatov Alimjon ogli Komil , Nishonov Nematilla , An Ekaterina
Published: October 2023

The reliable and safe operation of earth dams located in seismic regions of the Republic of Uzbekistan requires engineers and researchers to constantly improve the design normative methods for their calculation in order to identify safety margins and stability under various types of loads. A method is proposed for calculating the seismic stress state of an earth dam (on the example of the Pskem HPP being designed), based on the spectral method, in accordance with the current standards for the design of hydro-technical structures in seismic areas. Structural and piecewise non-homogeneous physical and mechanical characteristics of soils of the structure body were provided by Hydroproject JSC of the Republic of Uzbekistan. The results of the calculations show that under a horizontal seismic impact, the dam performs transverse oscillations. It was determined that the maximum vertical stresses are observed in the lower part of the upper slope, where the maximum hydrostatic pressure is reached. The maximum shear stresses appear at the base of the dam and on the surface of the downstream slope, where the risk of loss of strength under shear is greater..
Some results of the study of rock properties of the Sulukta deposit
Authors: Kazatov Urmat , Raimbekov Bakyt , Bekbosunov Rasul , Ashirbaev Bekbolot , Abdiev Arstanbek , Orokov Azizbek
Published: October 2023

This article presents the results of research into the properties of physical and mechanical properties of rocks and their influence on the conditions of their occurrence in the coal-bearing massif, depending on the geological structure of a particular section of the rock massif and the relief of the area, to develop an experimental method of inspection of preparatory workings and the development of safety pillars. As a result of the research carried out, it was revealed that geological structures, tectonic stress fields, physical and mechanical properties of rocks and the relief of the earth surface of the deposit regularly reflect the values of shear angles, safe depth of development. These regularities can be used to forecast and estimate the boundary of the zone of dangerous influence of underground mining and the duration of the shear process. The physical and mechanical properties of rocks, determined by the depth of occurrence of rocks, tectonics and fracturing, humidity, relief of the surface of the deposit. The results of the research will allow to estimate the safe depth of underground workings, the nature and duration of rock shear processes, to reveal the zones of dangerous influence of underground workings, and will increase the efficiency of the method developed by the authors for inspection of preparatory excavations and mining of safety pillars in the conditions of the Sulukta lignite deposit. New values of physical-mechanical properties and dependences for rocks of Sulukta lignite deposit were obtained, which are valuable for designing and planning of safety pillars mining.
Extraction of useful components from ilmenite-titanomagnetite ores of Sikhote-Alin (Russia)
Authors: Molchanov Vladimir
Published: October 2023

In the south of the Far East of Russia, a new source of critically important metals (titanium and iron) has been discovered - ilmenite-titanomagnetite ores of mafic-ultrabasic rocks of the Sikhote-Alin orogenic belt. On the example of one of these massifs, Kokshaarovsky, the possibilities of decomposition of mineral raw materials are conducted with using hydrometallurgy methods are considere. The opening of the studied mineral raw materials was carried out by means of using ammonium hydrofluoride NH4HF2 and ammonium sulfate (NH4)2SO4 with subsequent complete transfer of useful components into solution. It has been established that the use of a mixture of these reagents makes it possible to more fully open titanium-containing rocks. The experience of deep processing of ilmenite-titanomagnetite ores will allow outlining the ways for the industrial development of complex deposits of the Far East.
Environmental capital and its role in the development of mining territories
Authors: Sitnova Inna , Barlybaev Adigam , Lisitsa Maria , Suyundukov Yalil , Ishnazarova Zulfiya
Published: October 2023

Environmental capital of the territory is an integral part of its total capital, which largely characterises the conditions for favourable and harmless living of the population, conducting industrial and commercial activities by economic entities, maintaining the indicators of socio-economic development of the territory at a good level and in constant positive dynamics. A high level of ecological capital, its stability and ensured renewability is currently becoming the hallmark of every enterprise, territory and region. However, only a small part of the Russian Federation can be characterised as a territory with a high level of ecological capital, where negative environmental factors affecting the components of the environment (air, water, soil, vegetation, fauna), the population living in the territory, objects, and monuments of cultural and natural heritage, etc. are absent or minimised. A significant role in the deterioration of the quality of environmental capital is played by industrial enterprises, whose production facilities, industrial sites, logistics and infrastructure units are located in the territories. All of the above determines the relevance of the study of environmental capital in the model of development of mining territories. The aim and objectives of the study include generalisation of the constituent theoretical and methodological foundations of the interdisciplinary approach to the study of environmental capital of the territory. The methodological basis of the study will be a set of general and private scientific methods, the use of which makes it possible to achieve the objective of the study.
Geoecological assessment of acoustic pollution in the city of Shelekhov (Irkutsk agglomeration)
Authors: Novikova Svetlana , Kochurov Boris , Alferov Ivan
Published: October 2023

The work carried out a geoecological assessment of the acoustic pollution of the city of Shelekhov, based on the zoning of the territory according to the noise level. Field surveys were carried out and the number of vehicles registered on the city's road network was calculated. With the help of sound level meters, instrumental measurements were made in the daytime and at night, and the daily course of the distribution of the noise level on the main and secondary roads was plotted. In order to identify the propagation range of noise generated by motor vehicles, the sound pressure levels in the city were calculated for daytime and nighttime using the Ecologist Noise program. The results obtained were compared with the established sanitary standards. The result of acoustic monitoring was the creation of maps of the sound pressure level of the territory. Based on noise pollution maps, a set of measures is proposed to prevent and reduce noise impact on the urban environment.
Study and evaluation of the chemical composition of bottom sediments of the Volga-Akhtunisky flood
Authors: Mezhevova Alina
Published: October 2023

The chemical composition of the bottom sediments of the Volga-Akhtuba floodplain was assessed. Chlorides (36 mg/kg) were found to be one of the predominant anions, while calcium (27 mg/kg) and sodium (27 mg/kg) were the predominant cations. In terms of pH, the bottom sediments were weakly alkaline throughout the studies. The agrochemical composition of bottom sediments of the studied water body corresponded to lime sapropel due to the content of organic matter in them (4.21%), as well as common forms of nitrogen (0.58%), phosphorus (0.27%) and potassium (1.1%). To assess the chemical and toxicological parameters in samples of bottom sediments, the quantitative content of metals and pesticides was determined. It was found that their content does not exceed the maximum permissible concentrations. An analysis of the IR spectrum data made it possible to establish that the IR spectrum contains absorption bands characteristic of bentonite clays, which have good fertilizing and water-retaining properties.
The method of complex biological water treatment in aquaponic recirculation systems
Authors: Fedorova Valeria , Shvydchenko Sergey , Dubovik Irina , Shvydchenko Darina
Published: October 2023

The article discusses the results of experimental research work on the development of technical solutions aimed at creating an integrated innovative biotechnology for recycled water treatment in recirculating aquaculture systems. Schemes and descriptions of experimental units using the multitrophic approach when creating water treatment systems are given. The system is completed according to the principle of integration into a single multitrophic system of spatially delimited biomodules with various types of hydrobionts, where particular types of organisms serve as a food base for subsequent trophic levels. As a result of trophic chains, phytoplankton and zooplankton are cultivated and used as starter live food when rearing juvenile fish. Natural food base contributes to the production of high-quality viable fish stock, which is essential for commercial fish farming. The use of tiered units can significantly reduce the need for production space. Polyculture cultivation of various species of fish, crustaceans, and mollusks together with hydroponic plants allows to diversify production for obtaining additional profit and reducing the risks. Cultivation of high-value fish species (e.g. sturgeon) or crustaceans (Australian red claw) together with less valuable cyprinids, tilapia or African catfish allows to promote products in different market segments.
The Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) generative model for automating process of rendering judicial decisions
Authors: Pylov Petr , Maitak Roman , Protodyakonov Andrey
Published: October 2023

The Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) generative model is widely used in statistical analysis and machine learning due to its ability to model the probabilities of multidimensional categorical data, such as the frequencies of different categories or the probability distribution across multiple categories. This article explores the potential application of the LDA model for the practical task of topic separation in documents related to judicial proceedings.
Using Neural Networks to Prediction of compressive strength of heavy concrete
Authors: Naykhanova Larisa , Lkhasaranov Solbon , Khokhlova Oksana , Goryunova Lyubov , Evdokimova Inga , Goryunov Vladislav
Published: October 2023

The article is devoted to the study of the process of predicting the compressive strength of concrete. Fully connected neural networks are used as a forecasting tool. The need for research is caused by the fact that concrete is one of the materials widely used in construction, and the existing automated tools have insufficient accuracy. The paper investigates the structure of a neural network: select of the number of layers, the number of neurons in layers, the activation function, the optimization method, the number of epochs, and the technique to prevent overfitting. Comparison of the obtained results with the results of laboratory tests showed that neural networks could achieve acceptable prediction accuracy. The coefficient of determination refers to the main indicators of the quality of forecasting. Now, the coefficient of determination is approximately equal to 0.889. In the future, the started research can be continued and the value of the coefficient of determination can be improved.
Mathematical modeling of the eigenvibrations for the loaded shallow shell
Authors: Samsonov Anton , Solov’ev Sergey
Published: October 2023

The eigenvalue problems modeling of the eigenvibrations of the loaded shallow shell are studied. The asymptotic properties of the eigenvalues and eigenvectors are investigated in dependence on the load parameters. The original problem is approximated by the finite element method with Bogner-Fox-Schmit finite elements in the square domain. The new efficient algorithms for solving finite element eigenvalue problems are developed and investigated. A classification of resonance curves for one-dimensional and two-dimensional loaded mechanical systems is given. The results of numerical experiments are presented.
Quintile multiple regression with fuzzy coefficients and initial Z-information
Authors: Poleshchuk Olga
Published: October 2023

The goal of the paper is to develop a regression model under the initial Z-information based on an alternative method to the least squares method, and free from the assumptions regarding probability distributions of initial data. Formalization of input and output information is carried out on the basis of Z-numbers and linguistic variables, followed by the construction of a multidimensional quintile regression model with fuzzy coefficients. The optimization function is defined as the sum of the loss functions for the differences between the weighted output fuzzy numbers and the weighted model fuzzy numbers. To determine the parameters of the unknown regression coefficients, a linear programming problem is solved to find the minimum of the optimization function. The developed Z-regression is free from the shortcomings of existing models and provides new opportunities for solving tasks in problem areas with the active participation of experts, taking into account the reliability of information received from them.
Effects of virtual reality training on bio- and psycho-markers of aging in retired individuals
Authors: Berezina Tatiana , Finogenova Tatiana , Zavyazkina Kseniya , Lyusova Tatiana
Published: October 2023

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of VR-training on bio- and psycho-markers of aging in elderly people. Thirty women aged 56 to 82 years living in Moscow and participating in the Moscow Longevity programme were examined. The following methods were used: diagnostic (self-assessment of subjective age, measurement of aging indicators included in the system of biological age assessment according to V.P. Voitenko, diagnostics of attentiveness and awareness), methods of experimental influence (training session on the development of spiritual resource of personality), mathematical statistics (Wilcoxon's T-criterion). The results show that virtual reality training improves markers of biopsychological age of retirees: it increases the level of mindfulness, reduces heart rate and increases static balancing time. Although VR training did not have a statistically significant effect on measures of psychological age and blood pressure, the overall findings emphasise the importance and potential utility of virtual reality training for older adults in the context of slowing ageing and improving quality of life. Further research with larger samples and longer follow-up periods is required to fully evaluate the effectiveness of these exercises.
The computer modeling and analysis of complex dynamic structures of robotics from composite materials
Authors: Khayrnasov Kamil , Sokolskiy Anton , Isaev Vladimir
Published: October 2023

The methods of designing and modeling dynamic stands from a composite material are considered. One of the complex elements of the stands is the elements that ensure the dynamic behavior of the channels of the stand: bearing supports, gear rims, gearboxes, motors, servo drives, etc. Approximation of these elements in numerical methods for calculating and studying dynamic structures (finite element method) is a difficult task. Direct approximation of these elements does not satisfy the adequacy. Various approaches are used to adequately approximate such elements. In this paper, a methodology is proposed that consists in determining the rigidity parameters of bearing supports, gear rims, gearboxes and motors. In the future, these elements are replaced by rod systems corresponding to the replaced elements in terms of stiffness parameters. The effectiveness of the proposed method is confirmed by a comparison with of available experimental methods. The shell structures and stands were modeled in ANSYS modeling module. The considered methods for designing stands can be applied to robotic systems, weaving machines and dynamic systems for various purposes, since they contain all the elements inherent in the considered stand. The finite element approximation of the stand was carried out by elements of various types.
Numerical analysis of axial compressed multifaceted concrete-filled tube elements
Authors: Garanzha Igor , Tanasoglo Anton
Published: October 2023

The object of study is multifaceted steel concrete- filled poles. The subject of research is the bearing capacity and parameters of the stress-strain state of multifaceted steel concrete- filled poles. The purpose of the research is to numerically study the features of the operation of multifaceted concrete-filled structures under axial compression. Are discussed the features of creating a computational finite element model of such structures in ANSYS APDL. Analytical methods are described for determining the parameters of the nonlinearity of the materials used, as well as the physical and mechanical characteristics of concrete operating under compression conditions. On specific examples the change in the bearing capacity for the object of study under various conditions of materials adhesion (friction coefficient μ varied within 0.1...0.6 with step 0.1). Is analyzed the "unified" analytical method for determining the bearing capacity of steel multifaceted concrete-filled structures, indicating the degree of variability of ultimate compressive load depending on the variation in the number of faces and thickness of the metal wall of the multifaceted model. The considered features of creating a computational model in the ANSYS APDL finite element analysis system, using various laws of deformation of steel and concrete, made it possible to determine the qualitative and quantitative levels of variability of their bearing capacity, which in combination will allow designers of such structures to reach a qualitatively new level when creating structures based on pipe concrete elements.
Advanced morphological approach for systems value engineering
Authors: Rakov D.
Published: October 2023

The value engineering is widely used in the design of innovative engineering systems. The paper discusses the combination of morphological approaches for the development of value engineering methods. Increasing the efficiency of searching and analyzing new engineering solutions leads to the increase and refinement of information about the system under consideration. One of the defining criteria is adaptation at all stages of the life cycle. The purpose of the paper is to briefly analyze the application of the advanced morphological approach for detailed analysis. This paper describes the concept and results of using the methodology. As a result, the engineering system is analyzed and suggestions for further improvement of the approach are made. The advanced morphological analysis use in VE can be considered as a continuous process of increasing engineering and economic indicators of synthesized systems and technological processes, organizational structures.
Application software for business process automation
Authors: Bagaeva Anna , Danilchenko Yuri , Stupina Alena , Glinscaya Anna , Fedorova Natalya
Published: October 2023

The article explores the use of software for automating business processes. In today's market, business process automation becomes a necessity, as it determines the number of services provided, which affects the amount of profit received by the organization. The article considers the essence and functionality of the application, and also considers the impact on various aspects of the organization's activities. Application software for business process automation is a strategic solution that helps businesses grow, increase competitiveness and help adapt to rapidly changing market conditions, as well as streamline workflows, increase efficiency and improve interaction with customers and partners.
Instant shelter: Contemporary architectural solutions for disaster management
Authors: Kizilova Svetlana
Published: October 2023

The article considers the systematization of contemporary solutions to eliminate the consequences of anthropogenic, natural and man-made disasters. The purpose of the article is to classify modern approaches to the implementation of shelters. The article considers modern built and conceptual projects. As a result of a systematic analysis of project examples, 2 major groups of approaches were identified: specific and non-specific. Specific approaches are supposed to be used within one particular sort of cataclysm (tsunamis, floods, earthquakes), non-specific approaches are suitable for different extreme conditions. The study will be useful for practical and theoretical research in the field of combating the consequences of cataclysms.
Fabrication and characterization of aluminum-based powders multi-reinforced with nano- and microparticles
Authors: Aborkin Artemiy , Babin Dmitriy , Bokaryov Dmitriy
Published: October 2023

Multi-reinforced powders were obtained by high-energy ball milling in a planetary mill. The process of obtaining heterogeneous powders consisted of two stages. At the first stage, a nanocomposite powder of AlMg6 + 0.3 wt.% C60 was obtained. In the second stage, 10, 30, 50, and 70 wt.% Al2O3 were added to the obtained nanocomposite powder and processing continued. Methods such as scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and particle size analysis were used to characterize the obtained powders. It is shown that after the first stage of processing, the particles of the composite powder are characterized by an irregular shape. C60 reinforcing particles in the form of nanosized agglomerates were fixed on the surface of aluminum powder particles. After the second stage of processing, the particle size of the powder mixture decreased from 17.8 to 12.3 μm, while the proportion of Al2O3 particles increased from 10% to 70% by weight. It is shown that the synthesized heterogeneous powders were a mechanical mixture consisting of complex composition agglomerates and micro-sized ceramic particles. Complex composition agglomerates were formed from nanocrystalline matrix material particles and C60, and also with Al2O3 microparticles embedded in them, as well as located on the surface. The concentration of Al2O3 particles on the surface and inside the agglomerates increased with increasing weight fraction of ceramic particles in the mixture. It has been found that the introduction of 10-70 wt. % Al2O3 into the powder mixture increases the microhardness of the powder particles by approximately 16-23%. The resulting multi-reinforced powder mixtures can be utilized for coating deposition using the cold gas dynamic spraying method.
Organizational and technological aspects of information modeling in the system of operation of capital construction projects
Authors: Petrov Konstantin , Novoselova Irina , Bunesku Sergey
Published: October 2023

Currently, information modeling technologies are widely used in the construction industry, which plays an important role at all stages of the life cycle of buildings and structures, especially at the design and construction stage. At the same time, such technologies are used much less frequently at the stage of operation of buildings and structures. The article discusses the organizational and technological aspects and prospects for the use of information modeling technologies in the operation of capital construction facilities, as well as ways to improve the efficiency of their application, including in terms of reducing costs and optimizing the building maintenance system.
Fretting-wear behavior of aluminum alloys with antifriction temperature-resistant coating based on selenium
Authors: Lukyanov A.I. , Roshchin M.N. , Alisin V.V.
Published: October 2023

The article considers the issues associated with the resistance to vibrations and elevated temperatures of the antifriction high-temperature coating obtained by processing an aluminum alloy in selenium vapor. The statement about the low resistance of solid lubricant coatings to fretting wear is substantiated. The quality control of the antifriction coating is carried out using an electron microscope, and the mechanical properties of the surface layer of the samples are determined by the method of kinetic microindentation. The experiments were carried out on a testing bench with a cantilevered plate driven by an electromagnet, at the end of which a steel ball contacting with an aluminum alloy plate is installed. The fretting wear of a coating on a plate in contact with a steel ball is experimentally studied depending on the normal load. Particular attention is paid to the stability of maintaining a given temperature regime. Based on the study, it was found that the anti-friction coating has a low resistance to vibrations.
Piezocapacitance spectroscopy of a radiation defect in silicon
Authors: Sultanov Numonjon , Mirzajonov Zokirjon , Karimov Bokhodir
Published: October 2023

In this article, using non-stationary capacitive deep-level spectroscopy (DLTS), the dependence of the parameters of the radiation defect with the ionization energy Ei = Ec − (0.33±0.02) eB arising after irradiation with n − Si · λ - quanta of the 60Co isotope and annealing the samples at 250°C on uniaxial compression was studied. It is shown that, under the action of pressure, Ei ΔEi changes depending on the crystallographic direction and reaches values of 0.06−0.12eB. A comparison is made with a similar effect for the level of the A-centre Ec − 0,17 eB.
Computational and experimental determination of parameters of laser hardening zones of cast iron
Authors: Biryukov Vladimir , Goryunov Yaroslav , Kurin Pavel
Published: October 2023

The paper presents the results of metallographic studies and tribotechnical tests of samples of special cast iron of the "C" brand for passenger train brake pads. Regression equations for determining the depth and width of laser quenching zones were obtained using a full factorial experiment. The response surfaces of the system are constructed and the patterns of change are determined the size of the quenching zones depends on the processing modes. It is shown that the greatest influence on the depth and width of the hardening zones was exerted by the radiation power and the scanning speed of the beam. The use of transverse vibrations of the laser beam increased the productivity of the processing process. The microhardness in the zones of laser quenching from the liquid state was significantly higher than the zones of hardening from the solid state in all the studied processing modes. Tribotechnical tests were carried out according to the scheme "plane (wide side of a flat sample of special cast iron grade "C") – the annular surface of the sleeve of the counter-tile (wheel steel grade 2) with the use of semi-liquid lubricant "PUMA". The load and sliding speed varied discretely. The wear resistance of laser–hardened samples was 2.4 - 2.9 times higher than the base material, depending on the area of the hardened tracks. The friction coefficients paired with the wheel steel of the samples with laser hardening decreased slightly, which will allow the use of laser hardening for passenger train brake pads without changing their design.
Influence of arrangement of layers of composite material on the bearing capacity of a robotic system
Authors: Khayrnasov Kamil , Sokolskiy Anton , Isaev Vladimir
Published: October 2023

The robotic system is considered as a rack made of composite material, which is under dynamic influence. A method for determining the reduced characteristics of a multilayer composite material is given. The simulation of the stand was carried out. To approximate the details of the movement of bench channels: bearings, gearboxes, gear rims, motors, an algorithm and a program for calculating the rigidity of these structures have been developed in order to approximate these elements in the finite element method by replacing such elements with a system of rod structures with rigidity identical to the replaced structures: bearings, gear crowns, gearboxes, motors. The convergence of the calculation results is checked by thickening the finite element mesh. The pinching along the base of the stand was taken as the boundary conditions. A technique has been developed for modeling a three-layer stand structure. The technique for modeling a three-layer structure consists in modeling a stand, assigning filler material to it, and creating shell bearing layers on the surface of the stand, assigning it the characteristics of a multilayer composite material. A layer-by-layer stress-strain state of a stand made of composite material has been obtained. The analysis of the influence of the orientation of the layers of a five-layer composite material on the stress-strain state of the HIL simulation bench has been carried out.
Improving the efficiency of welded joints of the “insert pipe-plate” type
Authors: Assaulenko Semen , Lyudmirsky Yuri , Kharchenko Victor
Published: October 2023

The article is devoted to the analysis of the causes of damage formation in the transition zone from the seam metal to the base metal of butt welded joints. A method for increasing fatigue strength and improving the properties of compounds of this type is proposed. The analysis of cases of fatigue failures of welded joints operating under repeated static loads indicates that cracks most often originate in the transition zone from the seam to the base metal. For this reason, the geometric parameters of the zone of maximum stress concentration should be taken into account when predicting performance. To analyze the operability of welded joints, which did biaxial loading on a breaking machine test. The operability of welded joints of the "insert pipe-plate" type in the initial state is approximately 4 times lower than the operability of the base metal by remelting the transition zone without electrode oscillations (samples 5 and 6) make up half of the operability of the base metal. By remelting the transition zone with an oscillating electrode with regulation of the linear energy along the width of the seam (samples 7 and 8) are practically not inferior to the operability of the base metal. 1 The design of the installation, which allows for automatic remelting of the transition zone from the seam to the base metal with transverse arc vibrations, providing a coupling radius R = 4 – 6mm. 2 Reduction of stress concentration and regulation of the zone of thermal influence at the junction of the seam with the base metal made it possible to increase the resistance to the origin and development of destruction of welded joints "weld-sheet" to almost similar characteristics of the base metal.
Dispersion-reinforced fine-grained modified concrete
Authors: Medvedev A.A. , Arega Demissie Bekele , Mikhailik E.D.
Published: October 2023

Fine-grained modified concrete, reinforced with polyvinyl chloride fiber, is an innovative material, the production of which is at the development stage in Russian construction. Polyvinyl chloride fiber has high technical characteristics, is not prone to corrosion and is absolutely neutral to the environments that are created during the hardening of concrete and the operation of products, and also does not affect the nature of the hardening of the binder. The article presents the results of scientific research aimed at developing the basics of methods for predicting the properties of products, as well as choosing and optimizing the costs of the main raw materials. The conducted active experiment and the processing of its results made it possible to obtain regression equations for the compressive strength of fiber-reinforced concrete, as well as its average density, depending on variable factors. So, to obtain fiber-reinforced concrete with a compressive strength of 46.5–47.5 MPa; with an average density of 1668–1674 kg / m3, Portland cement with an activity of at least 45 MPa should be used; at a PVC fiber consumption of 5.9–6.0 kg/m3, a plasticizer consumption of 7.6–7.8%, as well as a consumption of finely ground construction waste 673–676 kg/m3. Based on the results of an active experiment, their statistical and analytical processing, the basics of the method for selecting the composition of fiber-reinforced concrete, depending on the specified values of variable factors, have been developed.
The circular economy and regional economic development
Authors: Tashtamirov Magomed
Published: October 2023

This research paper examines the concept of a closed economy and its potential to promote sustainable regional development through the implementation of circular economy principles. The paper reviews the existing literature on the topic, highlighting the benefits of a circular economy for regional economic development and strategies for its implementation. Case studies from the Netherlands, Finland, Scotland, and Russia are presented to demonstrate successful initiatives and their positive impacts on economic growth and environmental sustainability. The paper also discusses the challenges and opportunities of implementing circular economy principles in regions, as well as the role of government policy in supporting this transition. The findings suggest that a circular economy can provide significant economic, environmental, and social benefits, and that it is crucial for governments to create policies that support and incentivize the adoption of circular business models. The paper concludes with recommendations for further research on this topic.
Competitiveness of the enterprise from the investor's point of view based on the utility function
Authors: Yekimov Sergey , Kluger Vít , Belyaev Vladislav , Kuznetsov Gennady
Published: October 2023

The quality of the services and goods produced is the primary factor affecting the competitiveness of the enterprise. Product quality management allows you to improve the consumer characteristics of the properties of goods and services. The higher the usefulness of the products produced by the enterprise for the buyer, the more the buyer is inclined to purchase these products, and therefore this enterprise has a higher competitiveness. At the same time, the potential investor of the enterprise evaluates the enterprise as a potential object for investment from the point of view of the competitiveness of this enterprise. The higher the value of the competitiveness of the enterprise, the higher its investment attractiveness, due to the fact that investors are primarily interested in the ability of the enterprise to produce competitive products, which means to profit from its sale. At the same time, investors have different attitudes to risk. With the same utility function for a more conservative investor, the value of profitability and risk R will be less than the value of risk propensity for a more risk-prone investor. Thus, a more conservative investor perceives an investment in this enterprise as more profitable than a riskier investor. In addition, taking into account it can be concluded that if the utility functions coincide, then the competitiveness of the enterprise seems to be higher to a conservative investor than it would seem to a riskier investor. Competitiveness, from the investor's point of view, is a subjective indicator that depends on the investor's investment preferences.
Economic diversification of tourist experience industry for enhancing domestic potential of monoterritories
Authors: Matvienko Valentina , Atamanova Elena , Shabalina Tatyana
Published: October 2023

The objective of the study is to present a system of variability in the development of the tourist experience industry in the context of expanding economic opportunities of monoterritories. Achievement of the goal set by the authors of this article determines the formulation of a number of important objectives, among which informatization and digitalization of marketing channels and advertising of the tourist experience industry, as well as increasing the list of services and naming units of qualitative indicators in tourism and hospitality. The multidimensional research methodology makes it possible to identify existing patterns objectively between informative indicators. The algorithm of research organisation chosen by the authors, corresponding to the general state of economic thought in its dynamics, allowed to correlate the unified system of available plans; the cluster analysis identified the priorities of entrepreneurial activity of territorial entities; the factor analysis showed the level of interaction between actors of economic activity on repair and restoration of historical and cultural objects, creation of accommodation facilities and social infrastructure; the regression method determined the growth rate of gross product and outlined it.The authors analyze current diverse economic strategies.There are many indicators for the study of economic diversification of the tourist experience industry, the main of them being the increase in the share in the gross regional product. Forcing the processes of diversification in this area involves further phased implementation of a system of measures aimed at creating an information network, as well as improving different types of tourism (inbound, domestic, etc.).
Structural organizational and economic mechanism for managing the labor potential of the enterprise
Authors: Kirilchuk Svetlana , Simchenko Nataliia , Burkaltseva Diana , Nalivaychenko Ekaterina , Strelbitsky Artyom
Published: October 2023

The main objectives of the activity of any modern enterprise are: obtaining maximum profit; formation of the labour market with works and services; implementation of economic and foreign economic activity within the framework of the current regulations. The structure of a modern enterprise is based on the division of labour, i.e. certain types of work between the personnel of the enterprise are assigned to specialists who are able to perform them better and more qualified than everyone else from the point of view of the organisation as a whole. It is important to designate and correctly form the blocks within the organisational structure of the enterprise; organisational structure of the personnel management service; organisation of keeping personalised records of employees; to carry out constant analysis and monitoring of the system of incentives for the personnel of the enterprise, applying additional methods of labour motivation of the personnel and forms of training of employees, providing for the subsequent improvement of their qualification categories.
Model for assessing the financing of innovative infrastructure of timber enterprises
Authors: Shanin Igor , Shtondin Anatoly
Published: October 2023

The article reflects the results of fundamental research aimed at increasing the level of innovative development of timber enterprises. It is proposed to carry out activities to form an innovative infrastructure of the analyzed group of enterprises. The presented model reflects the possibility of attracting financial resources in order to conduct effective innovation activities and maintain the required level of innovation activity. The results obtained were based on the methods of economic and mathematical analysis, comparison of parameters, algorithms for financial calculations. When forming the model, the study reflects all the necessary costs associated with the implementation of the proposed measures in the innovative activities of enterprises engaged in the forest industry. The article also takes into account the influence of various factors (environmental, economic and geopolitical factors) that affect the efficiency of the implementation of an innovative project and the optimality of investment volumes. A function has been formed that determines the possibility of adjusting and redistributing financial resources, adjusted for crisis and sanctions conditions in the economy. Based on the results of the study, the ranking of timber enterprises was carried out and the optimal ratio of attracting financial resources to increase the level of innovative development of forest industry enterprises was determined.
Increasing the number of business relationships as a way to overcome the modern entropy of environmental barriers
Authors: Danilov Dmitry
Published: October 2023

For efficient business functioning, the organisation's management needs to adopt and approve the organisation's strategy based on the ability to reduce or completely bypass possible risks associated with the influence of the external environment. The development of technology has facilitated the emergence of completely new business models that have seriously simplified the consumption process by reducing the time it takes to transfer goods from multiple sellers to the customer. But from the point of view of organisations specialising in a narrow segment of goods the situation can be more complex, because with the simplification of communication there are many competitors within one site, the strategic behaviour of a limited number of competitors can be calculated with the help of existing mathematical models or with the help of game theory, but when there are so many competitors that we cannot identify them all, one of the most difficult types of uncertainty appears - the uncertainty of ignorance. The solution to this problem is to increase the interconnectedness in the different fields of action of the organisation. By increasing the interconnections, namely their number, firstly, there is an opportunity to expand the activities of the organisation in several subsystems, thus allowing diversification of risks, and secondly, we acquire a large number of stakeholders in different subsystems, who will be interested in the long-term retention of the organisation at a sufficient level of efficiency. It is the increased interconnectedness that contributes to the necessary sustainability in the strategic perspective, as well as compensating and distributing the growing external uncertainty between the activities in the different subsystems.
The investment in the transportation system: Analytical technologies as an important tool for key factors forecasting
Authors: Kalashnikova A.A.
Published: October 2023

This paper takes a new look at the economic potential of investment decisions to optimize the transport system by minimizing the organizational and operational costs of cargo routing. We present a methodology of scenario forecasting based on statistical methods. Its application makes it possible to achieve a result using the optimal trend function. At the same time, correcting additive and multiplicative parameters allows gaining a given accuracy. The precision and the accuracy of the forecasting model were checked by both additional resulting indicators and the distribution of the model residuals. The simulated scenario forecast of freight turnover was used to formulate the conditions of the transport problem within a certain transport system, limited infrastructure, and the capabilities of a particular carrier. The solution to the transport problem with dynamic adjustment of restrictions determined the possibility of altering the number of routes for the transport work plan. Thus, the dynamics of transportation costs with a certain cargo turnover in various scenarios and an adjustable number of routes with changing restrictions on the throughput and carrying capacity of the transport system and a specific transport market entity will have a significant impact on the economic efficiency of the transportation. The findings of the study demonstrated a need for investment analysis of the possible removing some restrictions on throughput and carrying capacity in a certain economic situation, taking into account the development potential of both an entity and the transport system in general.