bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Whose responsibility is it to address the needs of persons with mental health problems? Development of a scale to assess how stakeholders distribute responsibilities across geo-cultural contexts
Authors: Iyer Srividya , Pope Megan , Taksal Aarati , Mohan Greeshma , Rangaswamy Thara , Loohuis Heleen , Shah Jai , Joober Ridha , Schmitz Norbert , Ramachandran Padmavati , Malla Ashok
Published: April 2021

Background

Individuals with mental health problems have multiple, often inadequately met needs. Responsibility for meeting these needs frequently falls to patients, their families/caregivers, and governments. Little is known about stakeholders' views of who should be responsible for these needs and there are no measures to assess this construct. This study’s objectives were to present the newly designed Whose Responsibility Scale (WRS), which assesses how stakeholders apportion responsibility to persons with mental health problems, their families, and the government for addressing various needs of persons with mental health problems, and to report its psychometric properties.
Methods

The 22-item WRS asks respondents to assign relative responsibility to the government vis-à-vis persons with mental health problems, government vis-à-vis families, and families vis-à-vis persons with mental health problems for seven support needs. The items were modelled on a World Values Survey item comparing the government’s and people’s responsibility for ensuring that everyone is provided for. We administered English, Tamil, and French versions to 57 patients, 60 family members, and 27 clinicians at two early psychosis programs in Chennai, India, and Montreal, Canada, evaluating test-retest reliability, internal consistency, and ease of use.
Results

Test-retest reliability (intra-class correlation coefficients) ranged from excellent to good across stakeholders (patients, families, and clinicians); settings (Montreal and Chennai), and languages (English, French, and Tamil). Internal consistency estimates (Cronbach’s alphas) ranged from acceptable to excellent. The WRS scored average on ease of comprehension and completion. Scores were spread across the 1–10 range, suggesting that the scale captured variations in views on how responsibility for meeting needs should be distributed. On select items, scores at one end of the scale were never endorsed, but these reflected expected views about specific needs (e.g., Chennai patients never endorsed patients as being substantially more responsible for housing needs than families).
Conclusions

The WRS is a promising measure for use across geo-cultural contexts to inform mental health policies, and to foster dialogue and accountability among stakeholders about roles and responsibilities. It can help researchers study stakeholders’ views about responsibilities, and how these are shaped by and shape sociocultural contexts and mental healthcare systems.
Characteristics of General Soils, Natural Saltlicks and Artificial Saltlicks for Wild Asian Elephants (Elephas Maximus) Conservation in the Western Forests of Thailand
Authors: Chaiyarat Rattanawat , Kanthachompoo Salisa , Thongthip Nikorn , Yuttitham Monthira
Published: April 2021

Saltlicks are a keystone resource of wildlife. This study aimed to compare the characteristics among general soil, natural saltlicks and artificial saltlicks in the natural forest of Salakphra Wildlife Sanctuary (SWS) and restoration habitat for elephant (Elephas maximus) in Kui Buri National Park (KNP), western Thailand. Twenty general soils, 33 natural and 35 artificial saltlicks were analyzed. The chemical compositions in natural saltlicks were not consistent. The K, Mg, Fe and Cu in natural saltlicks were higher than artificial saltlicks in both areas. The Ca and Zn in artificial saltlicks in SES were higher than natural saltlicks of KNP. The salinity in artificial saltlicks was highest and higher than in natural saltlicks in both areas and can provide supplemental Na, thereby increasing salinity in both areas. The artificial saltlicks cannot provide Ca, K, Mg, Fe and Cu when compared to natural saltlicks that can provide a primary target for elephants at these sites. The findings have consequences for conservation of elephants and other large herbivores by supplementing essential macro- and micro-nutrients in artificial saltlicks. The key resources can provide information to help maintain the wildlife health and fecundity of the region.
Impact of boron and indium doping on the structural, electronic and optical properties of SnO2
Authors: Filippatos Petros-Panagis , Kelaidis N , Vasilopoulou Maria , Davazoglou Dimitris , Chroneos Alexander
Published: April 2021

Tin dioxide (SnO2), due to its non-toxicity, high stability and electron transport capability represents one of the most utilized transition metal oxides in many optoelectronic devices such as photocatalytic devices, photovoltaics (PVs) and light-emitting diodes (LEDs). However, its wide bandgap reduces its charge carrier mobility and its photocatalytic activity. Doping with various elements is an efficient and low-cost way to decrease SnO2 band gap and maximize photocatalytic applications' potential. Here, we apply density functional theory calculations to examine the effect of p-type doping with B and In of SnO2 on its electronic and optical properties. Calculation predict the creation of shallow energy states in the band gap, near the valence band, when the dopant (B or In) is in interstitial position. In the case of substitutional doping, a significant decrease of the band gap is calculated. We also investigate the effect of doping on the surface sites of SnO2. We find that B incorporation in the (110) does not alter the gap while In causes a notable decrease. The present work highlights the significance of boron and indium doping in SnO2 both for solar cells and photocatalytic applications.
Serum IgG4 Levels at Diagnosis Can Predict Unfavorable Outcomes of Untreated Patients With IgG4-related Disease: A Japanese Single-Center Retrospective Study
Authors: Mizushima Ichiro , Konishi Masahiro , Sanada Hajime , Suzuki Kazuyuki , Takeji Akari , Zoshima Takeshi , Hara Satoshi , Ito Kiyoaki , Fujii Hiroshi , Yamada Kazunori , Kawano Mitsuhiro
Published: April 2021

Background

The outcomes of patients with IgG4-RD who are not treated are unclear. This study aimed to clarify these outcomes and identify the factors related to them.
Methods

We retrospectively evaluated various clinical features including laboratory data and involved organs at diagnosis in 107 patients with IgG4-RD, who were followed up for more than 6 months, at a single center in Japan. We compared the clinical features of the 27 untreated patients with those of the 80 patients treated with glucocorticoid. The patient outcomes were investigated, and logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors related to them.
Results

The patients comprised 73 men and 34 women (median age 67 years). The untreated patients had significantly lower IgG4-RD responder index (9 vs 12) and fewer affected organs (1 vs 3) than did those treated with glucocorticoid. Of these 27 patients, 8 experienced deterioration of IgG4-RD after the diagnosis. In the age- and sex-adjusted logistic regression analysis, serum IgG4 elevation (per 100 mg/dL, odds ratio 1.194, 95% confidence interval 1.017–1.402) was the only significant factor related to disease deterioration in untreated patients with IgG4-RD, whereas not serum IgG4 levels (per 100 mg/dL, odds ratio 0.995, 95% confidence interval 0.921–1.075) but history of allergy (OR 3.134, 95% confidence interval 1.094–8.977, P = 0.033) related to deterioration in patients who underwent treatment.
Conclusions

Serum IgG4 levels may be a useful predictor of unfavorable outcomes in untreated patients with IgG4-RD, who tend to have fewer affected organs and lower IgG4-RD responder index.
Dietary Inflammatory Potential and Risk of Breast Cancer: A Population-based Case-control Study in France (CECILE Study)
Authors: Hajji-Louati Mariem , Cordina-Duverger Emilie , Laouali Nasser , Mancini Francesca-Romana , Guénel Pascal
Published: April 2021

Background: Dietary regimens promoting inflammatory conditions have been implicated in breast cancer development, but studies on the association between pro-inflammatory diet and breast cancer risk have reported inconsistent results. Methods: We investigated the association between the inflammatory potential of diet and breast cancer risk in a case-control study in France including 872 breast cancer cases and 966 age-matched population controls. All women completed a food frequency questionnaire that was used to compute a Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) based on the inflammatory weight of 33 dietary components. Results: The DII ranged from a median of -3.22 in the lowest quartile (anti-inflammatory) to +2.96 in the highest quartile (pro-inflammatory). The odds ratio contrasting quartile 4 to quartile 1 was 1.31 (95%CI: 1.00, 1.73; p -trend=0.02). Slightly higher odds ratios were observed in post-menopausal women, particularly those with body mass index >25kg/m 2 (odds ratio 1.62; 95%CI: 0.92, 2.83; p -trend=0.02), and among ever smokers (odds ratio 1.71; 95%CI: 1.11, 2.65; p-trend 0.01). The analyses by breast cancer subtype showed that the DII was associated with breast tumors that expressed either the estrogen (ER) or progesterone (PR) hormone receptors or the Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-2 (HER2), but no association was seen for the triple negative breast tumor subtype. Conclusion: Our results add further evidence that a pro-inflammatory diet is associated with breast cancer risk with possible effect variation according to tumor subtype.
A Study On Increasing The Speed Limit of Axial Piston Pumps By Optimizing The Suction Duct
Authors: Fang Yu , Zhang Junhui , Xu Bing , Huang Chang-sheng , Lyv Fei , Guo Zhimin
Published: April 2021

The maximum delivery pressure and the maximum rotational speed determine the power density of axial piston pumps. However, increasing the speed beyond the limit always accompanies cavitation, leading to the decrease of the volumetric efficiency. The pressure loss in the suction duct is considered a significant reason for the cavitation. Therefore, this paper proposes a methodology to optimize the shape of the suction duct aiming at reducing the intensity of cavitation and increasing the speed limit. At first, a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model based on the full cavitation model (FCM) is developed to simulate the fluid field of the axial piston pump and a test rig is set to validate the model. Then the topology optimization is conducted for obtaining the minimum pressure loss in the suction duct. Comparing the original suction duct with the optimized one in the simulation model, the pressure loss in the suction duct gets considerable reduction, which eases the cavitation intensity a lot. The simulation results prove that the speed limit can increase under several different inlet pressures.
Event-triggered Prescribed Settling Time Consensus Control of Uncertain Nonlinear Multiagent Systems with Transient Performance
Authors: Chen Zicong , Wang Jianhui , Zhang Li , Ma Kemao , Liu Yanhui
Published: April 2021

Multiagent systems are often applied in unmanned aerial vehicle formations, multi-manipulator coordinated, traffic vehicle control and other fields, which have attracted a lot of attention from scholars. In this paper, considering the given transient performance of multiagent systems, its synchronization error converges to the predefined interval by designing the performance function. In the meanwhile, through the designed nonlinear transformation of synchronization error, a prescribed setting time tracking control is realized, which can ensure that the multiagent systems are uniformly bounded convergent. In addition, event-triggered strategy is introduced to economize the utilization of multiagent systems' communication resources. Finally, theoretical analysis and simulation research demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Development of Markers for Identification and Maker-Assisted Breeding of Xa7 Gene in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: Liu Pengcheng , Mei Le , He Lumei , Xu Yiling , Zhang Yiting , Zeng Dali , Zhang Xiaoming , Qian Qian , Chen Xifeng , Ma Bojun
Published: April 2021

Utilization of resistance (R) genes to breed resistant cultivars is one of the most effective and economical approach to control rice bacterial blight (BB). Xa7, a dominant, broad-spectrum and durable BB-resistant gene, is an ideal gene resource to improve the resistance of rice varieties to bacterial blight, and this well-known gene with important breeding value has been cloned in our recent study. The isolation of Xa7 will facilitate its application in rice breeding by molecular maker-assisted selection (MAS). In this study, based on the specific sequences in the promoter of Xa7, a functional marker, named as MX7, was developed, which can effectively distinguish the dominant BB-resistant Xa7, the recessive BB-susceptible xa7 and the null allele from different rice varieties. Since MX7 is a dominant marker, it can't tell homozygous from heterozygous, a co-dominant marker closely linked to Xa7, named as M6, was developed simultaneously. After verified by amplification in numerous rice varieties and sequence alignment in RICE 3K database, it is proved that marker M6 is co-segregated with the Xa7 locus. In addition, the effectiveness and accuracy of the two markers were further validated by two F2 populations. Finally, the designed makers were effectively applied in MAS breeding to improve the BB-resistance of a susceptible variety. This study not only provides reliable functional markers for the identification of Xa7 gene in different rice materials, but also will contribute to the application of Xa7 gene in marker-assisted selection to breed rice varieties with durable disease resistance.
Lead Induced, VDR Taq and MAO-A Associated Energy Metabolism Reduction, and CD4+CD3+ Lymphocytes-Dependent Inflammation as Main Pathogenetic Events in Autism Spectrum Disorders
Authors: Harutyunyan Aida A , Harutyunyan Hayk A , Yenkoyan Konstantin B
Published: April 2021

Background

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is characterized by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction and restricted-repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities. ASD is generally associated with chronic inflammatory states, which are linked to immune system dysfunction and/or hyperactivation. The latter might be considered as one of the factors damaging neuronal cells. Several cell types trigger and sustain such neuroinflammation.
Methods

In this study, we traced different markers of immune system activation on both cellular (immune cell phenotypes) and mediatory levels (production of cytokines) alongside adverse hematology and biochemistry screening in a group of autistic children. In addition, we analyzed the main metabolic pathways potentially involved in ASD development – energy (Krebs cycle components), porphyrin and neurotransmitter metabolism. Several ASD etiological factors like heavy metal intoxication and risk factors – genetic polymorphisms of the relevant neurotransmitters and vitamin D receptors were also analyzed. Finally, broad linear regression analysis allowed us to elucidate the possible scenario that led to the development of chronic inflammation in ASD patients.
Results

Our data strongly support the lead induced, VDR Taq and MAO-A associated mitochondrial dysfunction, and CD4 + CD3 + T-cell dependent immune system activation and chronic inflammation as the key pathogenetic events in autism spectrum disorders. Moreover, our data supports the CD4 + CD3 + T-cell dependence of mitochondrial dysfunction development in ASD patient reported in our previous study.
Limitations

Difficulties to obtain target biological material (in this case cerebrospinal fluid, CSF) from autistic children under the age of 6 years and the small population of such patients limited our data from the qualitative and quantitative points of view. Nevertheless, the huge range of complex and target measurements has done partially overlap this flaw.
Conclusions

We come to the conclusion that redox-immune cross-talk is considered a main functional cell damaging factor in ASD patients.
HIV-1 and Syphilis Prevalence Among Local Chinese and Cross-Border Migrant Female Sex Workers in Sino-Vietnam Border Cities in Guangxi, China: A Nine-Year Consecutive Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Liang Bingyu , Zhang Fei , Wei Dongmei , Zhang Peidong , Wei Guangwu , Mo Shide , Nong Aidan , Ou Yanyun , Wu Zhenxian , Xie Hai , Liang Xu , Huang Jiegang , Jiang Junjun , Liu Jie , Liao Yanyan , Liu Deping , Liang Hao , Ye Li
Published: April 2021

Background To analyze the trends of HIV-1 and syphilis prevalence as well as associated factors among local Chinese female sex workers (LCFSWs) and cross-border migrant female sex workers (CMFSWs) in Sino-Vietnam border cities in Guangxi, China. Methods A consecutive cross-sectional study was conducted from 2010 to 2018 in three border cities in Guangxi. The survey was conducted through face-to-face interview with a structured questionnaire. HIV-1 and syphilis infections were tested simultaneously. Cochran-Armitage analysis was used to assess the trends of HIV-1, syphilis and HCV prevalence, as well as the trend of risk behaviors, HIV/AIDS knowledge and prevention services. Multivariate logistics regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with HIV-1 and syphilis infection.Results Totally, 19873 LCFSWs and 1723 CMFSWs were enrolled. The overall prevalence of HIV-1 and syphilis infection was 0.91% and 5.14%, respectively. The HIV-1 prevalence among CMFSWs was higher than that among LCFSWs, without a declined trend. However, a downward trend was observed among LCFSWs. Overall, the main associated factors of HIV-1 infection among CMFSWs shifted from age >35 years old, staying in current residence for >12 months, self-reporting of STIs in the last year during 2010-2015 to inconsistent condoms use in commercial sex in the past month, HCV infection, self-reporting of STIs in the last year during 2016-2018. The main correlated factors of syphilis infection among CMFSWs changed from staying in current residence for 6~12 months, self-reporting of STIs in the last year, HCV infection during 2010-2015 to low-tier working venues, self-reporting of STIs in the last year, sexing with commercial male clients who used aphrodisiac drugs during 2016-2018. For LCFSWs, the relative strong associated factors of HIV-1 infection shifted from primary school or illiterate education background, illicit drugs use during 2010-2015 to the marital status of unmarried/divorced/widowed, sexing with commercial male clients who use aphrodisiac drugs during 2016-2018, while the main factors of syphilis infection changed from self-reporting of STIs in the last year, illicit drug use during 2010-2015 to self-reporting of STIs in the last year, HCV infection during 2016-2018.Conclusions The relatively higher prevalence of HIV-1 infection and frequent risk behaviours among CMFSWs in border cities in Guangxi, indicating that CMFSWs is the high-risk population for HIV-1 infection and transmission in the region, and is the key population of HIV/AIDS prevention and control. Meanwhile, the change of HIV infection-associated risk factors over time suggests that HIV intervention strategies need to be changed accordingly.
Therapeutic effect of yinchenhao decoction on cholelithiasis via mucin from gallbladder-intestine
Authors: Liu Weijun , Liu Jinjin , Wu Teng , Li Donghua , Cui Yunfeng
Published: April 2021

Background: Cholelithiasis, known as gallstone, was a common and frequently occurring disease worldwide. Mucus was a viscoelastic protective layer lining the surface of mucosa and synthesized by specialized epithelial cells. Yinchenhao decoction was a classic prescription, first documented in Treatise on Febrile Disease. It had a definite and significant therapeutic effect on cholelithiasis, used as a complement to surgery. Our study aimed to investigate the pathological mechanism of cholelithiasis and the therapeutic mechanism of yinchenhao decoction via mucin from gallbladder-intestine.Methods: The solubility of cholesterol in fasted state simulated intestinal fluid (FaSSIF) without and with mucin was tested. The experiment of supersaturation stability was designed by solvent-shift method. The animal experiment was performed by cholelithiasis model of high cholesterol diet. The stones were observed and the related lipid was tested by automatic biochemical analyzer. The mucin was detected by PCR and western blot. Statistics was analyzed using χ2-tests and t-tests.Results: There was no significant difference in the solubility of cholesterol between FaSSIF without and with mucin. Tss or AUC significantly increased with addition of mucin to FaSSIF (p<0.05). A significant difference was observed in stone rate between the normal group and the model group (p<0.05). Stone rate in the model group showed a significant difference from the yinchenhao decoction group (aspirin group) (p<0.05). The level of related lipid showed a significant increase between the normal group and the model group (p<0.05), while there was a significant decrease between the model group and the yinchenhao decoction group (aspirin group) (p<0.05). A significant increase in the MUC5AC or MUC2 expression was observed between the normal group and the model group (p<0.01). The yinchenhao decoction group (aspirin group) caused a significant decrease in the MUC5AC or MUC2 expression, compared with the model group (p<0.01).Conclusions: In cholelithiasis, the mucin in gallbladder (MUC5AC) highly expressed, shortened cholesterol supersaturation, and promoted cholesterol crystallization; the mucin in small intestine (MUC2) highly expressed, prolonged cholesterol supersaturation, and promoted cholesterol absorption. The yinchenhao decoction inhibited the expression of mucin from gallbladder-intestine for the treatment of cholelithiasis.
Network Pharmacology to Explore Active Components and Pharmacological Mechanism of Action of Compound Longmai Ning Decoction for the Treatment of Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Li Jia , Wang Wenfei , Bu Diaodiao , Zou Junbo , Wang Yao , Jia Yanzuo , Yu Shangshang , Zheng Jiahui , Zhang Xiaofei , Wang Changli
Published: April 2021

Background and objective: Myocardial Infarction (MI) is a cardiovascular disease with a high morbidity and mortality rate. While MI is currently treated with pharmaceuticals, there is a need for new treatment options: compound Chinese medicines may have unique advantages for the treatment of MI. In this study, we used network pharmacology to explore the molecular mechanisms of action of Chinese Longmai Ning decoction (CLMN) as a potential treatment approach.Methods: Chip data related to Myocardial Infarction were downloaded from the GEO database and genes from GSE48060 and GSE66360 chips were obtained by R language. The targets of active components of compound CLMN and myocardial infarction disease were predicted by network pharmacology. After intersection analysis, the core targets were obtained and functional enrichment analysis was carried out. CLMN biological activity was verified by molecular docking prior to establishing a mouse MI model to verify efficacy using hematoxylin-eosin staining (HE) and immunohistochemistry.Results: KEGG pathway analysis showed that TNF, IL1B, PTGS2, VCAM1, and NFKBIA which mainly act on NF-kappa B pathway contribute to the anti-inflammatory effects of CLMN. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that TNF-α and TRAF-2 expression levels in MI of CLMN-treated mice were decreased, while IkBα was increased (P < 0.05). HE staining showed CLMN reduced inflammation in mouse cardiomyocytes and decreased fibrosis.Conclusion: CLMN regulates the NF-kappa B signaling pathway and the expression of TNF, IL1B, PTGS2, VCAM1 and NFKBIA. Chemical analysis showed that CLMN active components such as Daidzein-4,7-diglucoside, rutin and puerarin may be responsible for the therapeutic effect of the decoction.
Self-management for people with epilepsy and a history of negative health events (SMART) targeting rural and underserved people with epilepsy: A methodologic report
Authors: Ghearing Gena , Briggs Farren , Cassidy Kristin , Privitera Michael , Blixen Carol , Sajatovic Martha
Published: April 2021

Background: Many people living with epilepsy (PLWE) reside in rural communities, and epilepsy self-management may help address some of the gaps in epilepsy care for these communities. A prior randomized control trial of a remotely delivered, web-based group format 12-week self-management program (SMART) conducted in Northeast Ohio, a primarily urban and suburban community, demonstrated improved outcomes in negative health events such as depression symptoms and quality of life. However, there is a paucity of research addressing the needs of PLWE in rural settings.Methods: The present study leverages collaboration between investigators from 2 mid-western U.S. states (Ohio and Iowa) to replicate testing of the SMART intervention and prioritize delivery to PLWE in rural and semi-rural communities. In Phase 1, investigators will refine the SMART program using input from community stakeholder. A community advisory board will then be convened to help identify barriers to trial implementation and strategies to overcome barriers. In Phase 2, the investigators will conduct a 6-month prospective randomized control trial of the SMART program compared to 6-month wait-list controls, with the primary outcome being changes in negative health events defined as seizure, self-harm attempt, emergency department visit, or hospitalization. Additional outcomes of interest include quality of life and physical and mental health functioning. The study will also assess process measures of program adopters and system end-users to inform future outreach, education, and self-management strategies for PLWE.Discussion The method of this study employs lived experience of PLWE and those who provide care for PLWE in rural and underserved populations to refine a remotely delivered web-based self-management program, to improve recruitment and retention, and to deliver the intervention. Pragmatic outcomes important to PLWE, payers, and policymakers, will be assessed. This study will provide valuable insights on implementing future successful self-management programs.Trial registration: The study has been registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04705441) on January 12, 2021.
Effect of drug metabolism in the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 from an entirely computational perspective
Authors: Jesus João de , Assis Letícia , Assis Alexandre , Cunha Elaine , Nepovimova Eugenie , Kuca Kamil , Ramalho Teodorico , Porta Felipe La
Published: April 2021

Understanding the effects of metabolism on the rational design of novel and more effective drugs is still a considerable challenge. To the best of our knowledge, there are no entirely computational strategies that make it possible to predict these effects. From this perspective, the development of such methodologies could contribute to significantly reduce the side effects of medicines, leading to the emergence of more effective and safer drugs. Thereby, in this study, our strategy is based on simulating the electron ionization mass spectrometry (EI-MS) fragmentation of the drug molecules and combined with molecular docking and ADMET models in two different situations. In the first model, the drug is docked without considering the possible metabolic effects. In the second model, each of the intermediates from the EI-MS results is docked, and metabolism occurs before the drug accesses the biological target. As a proof of concept, in this work, we investigate the main antiviral drugs used in clinical research to treat COVID-19. As a result, our strategy made it possible to assess the biological activity and toxicity of all potential by-products. We believed that our findings provide new chemical insights that can benefit the rational development of novel drugs in the future.
‹Optimierung› durch Fortbildung und Unterstützung für Schulen?!
Authors: Endberg Manuela , Engec Lara-Idil , Van Ackeren Isabell
Published: April 2021

Im Mittelpunkt des vorliegenden Beitrags steht die Frage, inwiefern bestehende Unterstützungsangebote für die Schulentwicklung im Kontext der Digitalisierung und mögliche Unterstützungsbedarfe ineinandergreifen. Dazu wird zunächst ein Modell präsentiert, in dem Dimensionen der Schulentwicklung mit Unterstützungsleistungen kombiniert werden – als eine Erweiterung des Modells der Schulentwicklungsdimensionen nach Eickelmann und Gerick (2017). Anschliessend wird das Forschungsprojekt «Fortbildungs- und Unterstützungssysteme für Schulentwicklung im Kontext der Digitalisierung» (ForUSE-digi) vorgestellt. Ziel von ForUSE-digi ist eine deutschlandweite Bestandsaufnahme der Strategien, Strukturen und Massnahmen der Fortbildungs- und Unterstützungssysteme aller 16 Bundesländer. In diesem Beitrag werden ausgewählte Ergebnisse für das Bundesland Nordrhein-Westfalen (NRW) präsentiert. Dabei werden sowohl zentrale Strategiepapiere und bundeslandspezifische Strukturen als auch konkrete Massnahmen (u. a. in Form von Fortbildungen und Beratungsleistungen) analysiert. Die Ergebnisse werden vor dem Hintergrund der Modellerweiterung hinsichtlich der Frage nach ‹optimalen› Unterstützungsleistungen für Schulen im Kontext der Digitalisierung diskutiert. Dabei werden beidseitig bestehende ‹Optimierungsbedarfe› festgestellt. Der Beitrag schliesst mit einem Fazit sowie einem Ausblick auf den zweiten vertiefenden Teil des Forschungsprojekts ForUSE-digi, in dem Interviews mit Expertinnen und Experten bezüglich der Unterstützungssysteme ausgewählten den Bundesländern geplant sind.
Features of assessment of levels of acmeological competence among future shipping navigators in the process of learning activities
Authors: Kalashnik Mykola
Published: April 2021

The article is devoted to the problem of assessing the effectiveness of the formation of acmeological competence of future navigators in the process of their professional training. And taking into account the specifics of their professional activities, the main objects of pedagogical diagnostics of the formation of the level of acmeological competence of future navigators are: acme-awareness, acme-praxis, acme-quality, acme-ability, acme-properties, value orientations and motivation, activity of interaction with the external environment, the effectiveness of subject-cognitive activity.

The key in pedagogical measurement is the definition of assessment criteria corresponding to the indicators of the named education. According to the main provisions of the theory of pedagogical measurement, the article highlights the criteria for the formation of the acmeological competence of future navigators with the corresponding indicators of their manifestation, the distribution of which is determined by: motivational, cognitive, praxeological and personal criteria, makes it possible to effectively evaluate the corresponding complexes of indicators of the state of formation of acmeological competence. In addition, in the course of the study, a three-level system of forming the acmeological competence of future navigators was propaned: low, medium and high. Where the highest level of formation of acmeological competence is characterized as – the level of actual "acme", which future navigators must achieve in their personal and professional development while studying in educational institutions.
The levels of relaxin and amino acids play a critical role in women with variable degree of preparedness for labour
Authors: Shcherbina Nikolay , Shelest Natalia
Published: April 2021

Underlying biochemical factors that contribute towards the preparedness for labour and ripening of the cervix remain largely unknown. We aimed to characterize metabolic and hormonal determinants that constitute the preparedness for labour in women.
The aim of the research was to study the content of relaxin and amino acids involved in its formation in primiparous pregnant women with various degrees of birth preparedness.
Materials and methods: Prospective study has been conducted on 115 primiparous women at 38-40 weeks of gestation. Biochemical methods were used to analyse relaxin and amino acid levels in pregnant women with varying degree of birth preparedness. Results: the obtained data from the study indicate importance role of relaxin in the underlying pathogenesis in women with variable degree of preparedness for labour. The results allow to use the levels of relaxin serum as a predictor of the state of the birth canal. Furthermore, the amino acids are known to participate in various critical metabolic processes and play an important role is orchestrating many essential pathways in the body. We present the analysis of amino acids involved in the formation of relaxin in the serum of pregnant women. Our analysis has shown that amino acid imbalance leads to disruption of energy metabolism and blood flow rate, resulting in metabolic, structural and functional changes in the cervix at the onset of labour. Conclusion: considering the mechanisms of the possible influence of relaxin and amino acids on the cervical ripening, we concluded that correcting amino acid imbalance and normalising relaxin levels should be included in preinduction of labour therapeutic regimen. This would be an important step in improving the perinatal outcomes
Ovicidal action of insectoacaricide drugs sentry home, Neostomazan 1:200 manufacured by CEVA, Neostomazan 1:200 manufacured by product and Extrazol M on fleas Ctenocephalides spp. eggs
Authors: Yasynovska Olga
Published: April 2021

The aim of the research. To compare the ovicidal efficiency of insectoacaricides of different composition and manufacturers on flea eggs (Ctenocephalides spp.) for treatemnt of the premises where animals live.
Materials and methods of the research. The study was conducted on the basis of the clinic of veterinary medicine "Vetservice" Sumy, laboratory "Veterinary Pharmacy" and "Innovative technologies and safety and quality of livestock products" of Sumy National Agrarian University. The ovicidal effect of insectoacaricides on flea eggs of Ctenocephalides spp. was studied. Ctenocephalides spp. eggs were selected from the pet bedding on which the animal spended most of its time, namely the cats. The studied material was selected with a cosmetic brush. Ctenocephalides spp. eggs were placed into a Petri dish of 10 eggs per each dish. The test material was introduced with a dental probe. There were 4 test dishes, which were treated with insectoacaricides (each test dish was treated with a separate drug) and 1 control dish with no treatment. Microscopy was conducted under a light microscope with magnification X8 of each egg, with following treatment of each egg with insectoacaricides. Monitoring was conducted in 24, 48 and 72 hours after treatment.
Results. Research has shown that drugs which demonstrated 100 % ovicidal effectiveness were Sentry Home (pyriproxyfen – 0.02 %, permethrin – 0.2 %, n-Octyl Bicyclohepten – 1.0 %) in 24 hours and Neostomazan (CEVA)(transmix – 5.0 g, tetramethrin – 0.5 g) in 72 hours.
Conclusions. Insectoacaricide drug Sentry Home (pyriproxyfen – 0.02 %, permethrin – 0.2 %, n-Octyl Bicyclohepten – 1.0 %), used for the treatment of the premises where the animals live, showed the most pronounced ovicidal effect in 24 hours.
The effect of the drug "Cobazin" on the productive indicators of bee colonies
Authors: Kisil Dmytro , Fotina Tetiana , Nazarenko Svitlana
Published: April 2021

The aim of the study was to determine the effectiveness of the drug "Cobazin" on the productivity of bee colonies during the increase in strength (increase in the number of young bees in the bee colony) in spring and autumn.
Materials and methods. Control and experimental groups were formed to test "Cobazin" feed supplement. It was fed 5 times with an interval of 5 days. Bee colonies from the control group received a pure sugar solution (1:1) in the amount of 0.5 liters per bee colony, and the experimental group received a sugar solution of 0.5 liters per bee colony (1:1) with the addition of the drug "Cobazin" in the amount of 2.5 g.
Indicators characterizing the development of bee colonies were determined by a measuring frame of 5x5 cm in size, for 12 days to cover the total number of eggs laid by the queen bee during feeding. Four measurements were performed during the study. The results of the control and experimental groups were compared and the significance of the differences between them was established. There was a comparison of the difference between groups of bees both fed pure sugar syrup in a ratio of 1:1 and syrup with the addition of the drug "Cobazin".
Results. It is proved that during the feeding period the number of brood in bee colonies that received feed supplement "Cobazin" increased significantly by 76 % (71 % in the group that received only sugar solution without this drug). Live weight of queen bees in colonies that were stimulated with "Cobazin" was actually 2 % higher compared to the control group.
It was found that at the end of the bee season, bee colonies fed in May with the feed supplement "Cobazin" had significantly higher values of strength, number of sealed brood and live queen bees compared to those who received pure sugar solution. The brood in the control group was 25 % lower than in the experimental group.
Conclusions. For the first time it was proved that the use of feed supplement "Cobazin" in combination with sugar solution has a positive effect on the features that characterize the development of bee colonies (strength, number of sealed brood) and their health productivity. The positive impact is observed not only during feeding, but also in subsequent periods of colony development.
Formation of productivity of sowing peas depending on technology measures of cultivation in the conditions of the western forest-steppe
Authors: Bakhmat Mykola , Chynchyk Oleksandr , Nebaba Kateryna
Published: April 2021

In the conditions of the western Forest-steppe, leguminous crops, including sowing peas, are the main and most important source of vegetable protein, which solve the biological and ecological problems of modern agriculture in Ukraine.

The article presents the main research results on the study of the effect of mineral fertilizers and growth regulators on the formation of the sowing peas productivity in the conditions of the western Forest-steppe.

The field trifactor experiment was laid in the ten-field crop rotation in Podillia Research Center of State Agrarian and Engineering University in Podilya, during 2016–2018. The field experiment was laid down in the research ten-digit crop rotation. In microstages VVSN 55-65 (budding – flowering) crops were sprayed with growth regulators PlantaPeg, Еmistim С and Vympel.

The studies carried out showed that the individual productivity of plants of the Chekbek variety was the best of all the varieties that were studied. It was found, that high indices of the mass of 1000 seeds were in the variants, where mineral fertilizers were used at a dose of N30P30K45 with the plant growth regulator Vympel. According to this fertilizer composition, the mass indices of 1000 seeds for peas of the Chekbek variety were 266.4 g, and for the Hotivskyi and Fargus varieties – 260.6 g and 238.4 g, respectively.

The grain yield of peas is an integrated indicator of the action of all life factors on the plant organism during its growth and development. To a large extent, it depends on the biological characteristics of the variety, the supply of moisture and nutrients to the plant, technological methods of cultivation, as well as natural and climatic conditions. In our studies, the crops, fed with mineral fertilizers and growth regulators, were significantly less exposed to adverse factors, and the studied technology elements had a positive effect on the productivity of pea grain. The maximum biological yield was for the application of mineral fertilizers in doses of N30P30K45 and the plant growth regulator Vympel. For the varieties of Hotivskyi peas, these indicators were 3.79 t/ha, Chekbek 4.32 t/ha, and Fargus 3.30 t/ha
Molecular Modeling and Chemical Synthesis of New Safrol Oxime Ether Derivatives
Authors: Silva Mariana , Veloso Marcia , Chagas Thaynan , Cordeiro Mirian , Alves Levy , Monti Paloma , Souza Ruth
Published: April 2021

Leishmaniasis, a neglected tropical disease with a high worldwide incidence, is considered a public health issue in Minas Gerais and Brazil, with a high degree of morbidity, not to mention the lack of therapeutic arsenal. The cysteine protease (rCPB2.8) and cyclin dependent kinase (CRK3), important enzymes for the parasite’s feasibility, were the targets chosen for investigation of the new drugs. The following study aimed to analyze several oximic derivatives starting from safrol, which can present an affinity profile for selected molecular targets using tools from molecular modeling and bioinformatics, planning and synthesis of brand new substances being tested for leishmanicidal drugs. The study allowed to verify that three oximic derivatives (5a, 5f and 5h) presented high affinity for the CRK3 enzyme, and that the compounds 5c and 5g presented good interaction by the amino acids of the catalytic site of the rCPB2.8 enzyme with atomic distances capable of generating covalent bonds, which are essential for enzyme inhibitory activity.
Building Resilience with Aerobic Exercise: Role of FKBP5
Authors: Sampedro-Piquero P. , Moreno-Fernández R.D.
Published: April 2021

Both preclinical and clinical studies have pointed that aerobic exercise, at moderate
doses, is beneficial at all stages of life by promoting a range of physiological and neuroplastic adaptations
that reduce the anxiety response. Previous research about this topic has repeatedly described
how the regular practice of aerobic exercise induces a positive regulation of neuroplasticity and
neurogenesis-related genes, as well as a better control of the HPA axis function. However, limited
progress has been carried out in the integration of neuroendocrine and neuroplastic changes, as well
as in introducing new factors to understand how aerobic exercise can promote resilience to future
stressful conditions. Resilience is defined as the ability to adapt to stress while maintaining healthy
mental and physical performance. Consistent findings point to an important role of FKBP5, the
gene expressing FK506-binding protein 51 (FKBP51), as a strong inhibitor of the glucocorticoid
receptor (GR), and thus, an important regulator of the stress response. We propose that aerobic exercise
could contribute to modulate FKBP5 activity acting as a potential therapeutic approach for
mood disorders. In this sense, aerobic exercise is well known for increasing the growth factor
BDNF, which by downstream pathways could affect the FKBP5 activity. Therefore, our manuscript
has the aim of analyzing how FKBP5 could constitute a promising target of aerobic exercise promoting
resilient-related phenotypes.
Intra-arterial Instillation of a Nociceptive Agent Modulates Cardiorespiratory Parameters Involving 5-HT3 and TRPV1 Receptors in Anesthetized Rats
Authors: Singh Sanjeev K. , Muthu M.S. , Revand Ravindran , Mandal Maloy B.
Published: April 2021

Background:

Since long back, it has been a matter of discussion regarding the role of
peripheral blood vessels in the regulation of cardiorespiratory (CVR) system.

Objective:

The role of 5-HT3 and TRPV1 receptors present on perivascular nerves in elicitation of
CVR reflexes was examined after intra-arterial instillation of bradykinin in urethane anesthetized
rats.

Materials and Methods:

Femoral artery was cannulated retrogradely and was utilized for the instillation
of saline/agonist/antagonist and recording of blood pressure (BP), using a double ported 24G
cannula. BP, respiration and ECG were recorded for 30 min after bradykinin (1 μM) in the absence
or presence of antagonists.

Results:

Instillation of bradykinin produced immediate hypotensive (40%), bradycardiac (17%),
tachypnoeic (45%) and hyperventilatory (96%) responses of shorter latencies (5-8 s) favoring the
neural mechanisms in producing the responses. In lignocaine (2%) pretreated animals, bradykinin-
induced hypotensive (10%), bradycardiac (1.7%), tachypnoeic (13%) and hyperventilatory
(13%) responses attenuated significantly. Pretreatment with ondansetron (100 μg/kg), 5-HT3-antagonist
attenuated the hypotensive (10%), bradycardiac (1.7%), tachypnoeic (11%) and hyperventilatory
(11%) responses significantly. Pretreatment with capsazepine (1 mg/kg), transient receptor potential
vanilloid 1- antagonist blocked the hypotensive (5%), bradycardiac (1.2%), tachypnoeic
(6%) and hyperventilatory (6%) responses significantly.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, presence of a nociceptive agent in the local segment of an artery
evokes vasosensory reflex responses modulating CVR parameters involving TRPV1 and 5-HT3 receptors
present on the perivascular sensory nerve terminals in anesthetized rats.
Personalized Nanotools for the Treatment of Metabolic Disorders
Authors: Radhakrishnan Arun , Kuppusamy Gowthamarajan , Subramaniam Thirumalai
Published: April 2021

:

Advances in personalized medicine are currently impacting improvement in the field of metabolic diseases and patient care. The current innovations in integrating nanotechnology and nanobiotechnology tools in pharmaceutical formulation development have proven the effectiveness of xenobiotics for the diagnosis, treatment, and cure of various metabolic diseases. The implementation of nanomedicines for the treatment of metabolic diseases has served the advantage of overcoming the limitation of bioavailability, selectivity and specificity, biological barriers, and toxicity. Simultaneously, the hybridization of drug molecules and nanomaterials builds promising effective tools for the same. While on the other hand, the development in omics sciences has further supported the detection, diagnosis, and treatment of various metabolic disease conditions. Therapy and analysis of metabolic diseases in asymptomatic patients can be facilitated whereas, harsh complications in diagnosis and disease progression can be avoided by the use of molecular metabolic and genetic biomarkers, biosensor miniatures, and transducers. Therefore, a combination of personalized medicine and nanotechnology gives rise and serves an ultimate goal of predicting, preventing, and treating metabolic diseases. The current article reviews the interdisciplinary nature of personalized medicine, nanotechnology, and nanobiotechnology to employ a safe, efficient, stable, cost-effective futuristic approach for individualized treatment strategies and challenges in the application of personalized medicines for metabolic diseases.