bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mobile Security Operation Centre (mSOC)
Authors: Walia Sudhir , Kaleem Qazi Mustafa , Abhi Shinu
Published: December 2023

Attacks on the internet are becoming increasingly threatening. For naïve home users, who are poorly protected, there is always an imminent danger of getting cyber attacked. 
This paper is aimed to design and build an IoT-based Network Security device that would run as an access point for users to connect to the Internet in a home setting. The paper discusses a standalone perimeter security solution with Incident Response (IR) life cycle management and controls through an IoT device – Raspberry PI. Enterprise-level features such as Next Generation Firewall (NGFW), Network Intrusion Detection System (NIDS), Domain Control for Ad/Spam blocking, Security Information and Event Management (SIEM) for Log Co-ran System on Chip (SoC), which can be installed anywhere and carried for mobile operations. Hence, the name, Mobile Security Operation Centre (mSOC).
This solution intends to protect the user when browsing the internet and blocking or providing visibility to the malicious connections made to or from users. The mSOC can filter domains based on whitelist/blacklist and Regex Pattern. It can also identify the domains that are blocked or allowed. It also provides visibility to traffic, application statistics, and IP reputation. IP reputation and Malicious Domains then can act as input to the iptables for L3/L4 blocking. A Software User Interface is developed to integrate and manage multiple Open-Sourced applications like dnsmasq/ elk/ graylog/ SQlite3/ Iptables/ adminlte as a single product that could serve as a complete security solution for a home or Small Medium Business (SMB). Thus, the proposed solution secures naïve users from security exploitations.
An Effective analysis on various task scheduling algorithms in Fog computing
Authors: Choppara Prashanth , Mangalampalli Sudheer
Published: December 2023

Fog computing involved as an extension of cloud and distributed systems fog nodes allowing data to be processed closer to the edge device and reduces the latency and bandwidth, storage capacity of IoT tasks. Task scheduling in fog computing involves allocating the tasks in fog nodes based on factors such as node availability, processing power, memory, and network connectivity. In task scheduling we have various scheduling algorithms that are nature inspired and bio-inspired algorithms but still we have latency issues because it is an NP-hard problem. This paper reviews the existing task scheduling algorithms modeled by metaheuristic, nature inspired and machine learning which address the various scheduling parameters like cost, response time, energy consumption, quality of services, execution time, resource utilization, makespan, throughput but still parameters like trust, fault tolerance not addressed by many of the existing authors. Trust and fault tolerance gives an impact and task scheduling trust is necessary to tasks and assign responsibility to systems, while fault tolerance ensures that the system can continue to operate even when failures occur. A balance of trust and fault tolerance gives a quality of service and efficient task scheduling therefore this paper done analysis on parameters like trust, fault tolerance and given research directions.
A Study on the Performance of Deep Learning Models for Leaf Disease Detection
Authors: Sucharitha G , Sirisha M , Pravalika K , Gayathri K. Navya
Published: December 2023

The backbone of our Indian economy is agriculture. Plant diseases are a key contributor to substantial reductions in crop quality and quantity. Finding leaf diseases is a crucial job in the study of plant pathology. So, Deep learning models are essential for classification objectives with positive outcomes. Many different methods have been employed in recent years to classify plant diseases. This work has aided in identifying and categorizing a plant leaf disease. Images of Tomato, Potato, and Pepper plant leaves from the PlantVillage Database, which includes fifteen disease classifications, were used in this study. The pre-trained Deep learning models like InceptionV3, MobileNet, DenseNet121, Inception-ResNetV2, and ResNet152V2 are utilized to diagnose leaf diseases. The classification of both healthy and various sorts of leaf illnesses is taught to deep learning models.
A Hybrid Approach for Mobile Phone Recommendation using Content-Based and Collaborative Filtering
Authors: Chandrahaas B V , Panigrahi Bhawani Sankar , Pande Sagar Dhanraj , Swain Nirmal Keshari
Published: December 2023

INTRODUCTION: The number of manufacturers and models accessible in the market has increased due to the growing trend of mobile phone use. Customers now have the difficult task of selecting a phone that both fits their demands and offers good value. Although recommendation algorithms already exist, they frequently overlook the various aspects that buyers take into account before making a phone purchase. Furthermore, recommendation systems are now widely used tools for using huge data and customising suggestions according to user preferences. OBJECTIVES: Machine learning techniques like content-based filtering and collaborative filtering have demonstrated promising outcomes among the different methodologies proposed for constructing these kinds of systems. A hybrid recommendation system that combines the benefits of collaborative filtering with content-based filtering is presented in this paper for mobile phone choosing. The suggested method intends to deliver more precise and customised recommendations by utilising user behaviour patterns and mobile phone content properties. METHODS: The system makes better recommendations by analysing user preferences and phone similarities using the aforementioned machine learning methods. The technology that has been built exhibits its capability to aid customers in selecting a mobile phone with knowledge. RESULTS: With the effective Hybridization process we have obtained the best possible scores of MSE, MAE and RMSE. CONCLUSION: To sum up, the growing intricacy of the mobile phone industry and the abundance of options have demanded the creation of increasingly advanced recommendation systems. This work presents a hybrid recommendation system that efficiently blends collaborative and content-based filtering techniques to provide users with more tailored, superior recommendations. This approach has the ability to enable customers to choose the best mobile phone for their needs by taking into account both user behaviour and mobile phone characteristics.
Promising Practices in US Sponsoring Institutions to Advance Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion in Graduate Medical Education
Authors: Sanchez Stephany , Westervelt Marjorie , Boatright Dowin , Fancher Tonya , London Maya , Concepcion Arra Jane , Manriquez Jose A. Negrete , McDade William , Gonzalo Jed D.
Published: December 2023

Background Best practices to improve diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) in the biomedical workforce remain poorly understood. The Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education launched the Barbara Ross-Lee, DO, Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion award for sponsoring institutions to celebrate efforts to improve DEI in graduate medical education (GME).

Objective To identify themes in practices used by award applicants to improve DEI efforts at their institutions, using a qualitative design.

Methods This qualitative study employed an exploratory, inductive approach and constant comparative method to analyze award applications from 2 submission cycles (2020, 2021). Data analysis involved the use of a preliminary codebook of 29 program applications used in a previous study, which was modified and expanded, to perform a subsequent analysis of 12 sponsoring institution applications. Seven adjudication sessions were conducted to ensure coding consistency and resolve disagreements, resulting in the identification of final themes.

Results Institutions’ approaches to advancing DEI resulted from work within 5 themes and 10 subthemes. The themes encompassed organizational commitment (policies that reflect DEI mission), data infrastructure (tracking recruitment, retention, and inclusion efforts), community connection (service-learning opportunities), diverse team engagement (coproduction with residents), and systematic strategies for DEI support throughout the educational continuum. Consistent across themes was the importance of collaboration, avoiding silos, and the need for a comprehensive longitudinal approach to DEI to achieve a diverse GME workforce.

Conclusions This qualitative study identified 5 themes that can inform and guide sponsoring institutions in promoting DEI.
Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) and the Conduct of 2023 General Elections in Nigeria: A Discourse
Authors: Ogu Chukwuma , Abraham Musa
Published: December 2023

The study analyzes the conduct of 2023 general elections in Nigeria. The 2023 general elections were conducted by INEC on 25th February, and March, 18th 2023. INEC was constituted in 1998 by Abdulsalam Abubakar. The roles of INEC are, delimits the country into constituencies for the purpose of electing representatives into government, organizes/conducts elections into various levels of government, registers political parties wishing to contest elections, register voters, recruits, trains and deploys officials to different part of the country to assist in the conduct of elections. The perpetration of electoral violence by desperate politicians, late arrival of electoral materials and some officials of INEC to polling units, malfunctioning of electronic machines in some places and vote buying by politicians, among others were examined by this paper. This paper adopts system theory propounded by Gabriel Almonds, David Easton and Von Bentallaffy. This study uses the qualitative method of research, relying exclusively on secondary source of data such as textbooks, newspapers, journals, magazines, among others. The data gathered were summarized. The findings of the study shows that the presidential election conducted on 25th February by INEC was won by Bola Ahmed Tinubu of All progressive congress (APC).In the Governorship election held on March 18th 2023, APC won in 16 States, PDP won in 10  States, NNPP won in One State while Labour party won in Abia State. The paper recommends that; INEC, politicians and the electorates should adhere strictly to the laws, rules and regulations guiding the conduct of general elections in Nigeria. INEC should make adequate preparations before embarking on future general elections.
Non State Actors and International Conflicts: A Study of ISIS and Boko Haram
Authors: Azubuike Callistus , Ojo Akinwumi , Shedrack Igboke
Published: December 2023

This paper examined the role of non-state actors in international terrorism with special emphasis on ISIS and Boko Haram as cases under review.  The paper examined the complex and evolving roles of non-state actors, specifically ISIS and Boko Haram, in international conflicts. It delves into issues surrounding recruitment, radicalization, transnational impact, and responses by states and international community. By investigating these aspects, the study aims to contribute to a deeper understanding of the challenges posed by these groups and inform more effective counterterrorism strategies and policies. The research questions that guided this study are, how do non-state actors contribute to local and international conflict, and what are the implications for global security? The research objective was to analyze the strategies employed by these two groups to achieve their objectives and to evaluate the effectiveness of the measures adopted by the international community to combat their activities. The theoretical framework adopted in this study is the Terrorism and Insurgency theory seeks to explain and understand the use of violence and intimidation by non-state actors to achieve political, ideological or social objectives, with its use of armed struggle against government or occupying force, often involving guerrilla warfare and popular support, with the aim of achieving political change, and sometime independence. The findings of this study revealed that non-state actors like ISIS and Boko Haram pose a significant threat to global security, as they are able to carry out attacks on a global scale and destabilize entire regions. In the light of these findings, this study proposes several recommendations for addressing the threat posed by non-state actors. These include improving intelligence sharing and coordination among states, strengthening legal frameworks to prosecute individuals and groups engaged in terrorism, and addressing the root causes of conflict, including poverty, political instability, and social marginalization. Only by adopting a comprehensive and coordinated approach can the international community effectively combat the threat posed by non-state actors and promote global peace and security.
Registry Department and the Nigerian Universities: A Synthetic Analysis
Authors: Kumije David , Agbaji Hannah , Illah Paulina , Abubakar Zubairu
Published: December 2023

The continuous proliferation of Universities in Nigeria has not only thrown up new challenges of need and relevance, but also raised the level of improved expectations from governments, parents/guardians, students and other important stakeholders in the Nigerian university system. It is thus obvious, that the time has come for every university in Nigeria to prove its mettle and relevance.  Accordingly, to survive these challenging times and realize its vision, it requires an enabling environment for the university and the harnessing of her staff potentials. Indeed, just as a good product is as a result of good thinking, the Registry Department as a major constituent component and indeed, the engine groom of the university administration, is saddled to play a pivotal role in the process. It is thus in this respect, that this paper on the analysis of the Role of the Registry Department on the growth and progress of the University System is germane. This paper employed content analysis by making use of well documented secondary data.  Standing upon the System Theory as propounded by David Easton, the paper noted that in any university that the Registry get its acts together and do the needful, the institution is assured of a proper roadmap and guidance towards the accomplishment and ultimate realisation of its set goals, vision and mission. Therefore, the paper recommended among others, that staff of the Registry Department of a university is to be carefully selected, well trained and adequately motivated
SERVICOM and Service Delivery in the Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki (AEFUTHA)
Authors: Ezekwe Emmanuel , Sunday Nwangele
Published: December 2023

The study was carried out to investigate SERVICOM and service delivery in the Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki (AEFUTHA). The study employed Content Analysis Approach to achieve the objectives. The study examined the degree of improvement recorded using SERVICOM to enhance quality service delivery in the hospital.  Hence, it is established that public awareness about service charters and existence of SERVICOM units where client’s complaints with regard to service failure can be handled within government agency is obviously weak in its responsibilities. It is the findings of the study, that the hierarchical structure associated with delay in provision of medical services required or expected by the patients are worrisome, attributable to poor services which has increased low confidence. SERVICOM effort to improve service delivery is jeopardized with observable gaps associated with service delivery in the Institution. The implication of this finding is that the loss of revenue based on ineffectiveness in service delivery has created an opportunity for poor turnout and to a reasonable extent loss of confidence in public hospitals.  Hence, the infectiveness in service delivery in the institution is attributable to dominant situation of the implementation of SERVICOM charters principle and such has continued to be a source of concern to relevant stakeholders and policymakers. Consequently, the study recommended that Federal Government should be encouraged to adopt proper implementation strategy for SERVICOM to enable service intervention policy tackle the problem of poor service delivery in teaching hospitals in Nigeria.
The Challenges of Regional Integration and Effective Implementation of African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) Policy in Africa
Authors: Garba Dimas , Wancelous Avong
Published: December 2023

The paper is an investigation of the challenges of regional integration in Africa and their effects on the implementation of the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) policy. The major objective of the paper is to proffer solutions to the challenges for the effective actualization of the policy. The assumptions of the neo-liberal theory were used to support the AfCFTA initiative to promote economic growth and development in Africa. The data used to advance the argument were obtained from secondary sources of data collection. The study finds that language barrier, multiple currencies, porosity of borders, foreign interference, political instability and insecurity, poor human development, over-lapping of membership of sub-regional organizations, poor state of infrastructure, and state-centric nature of integration initiatives are some of the core challenges hindering the effective execution of the AfCFTA policy. The study recommends that the African Union (AU) should intensify effort at realizing a single currency policy for Africa; design comprehensive regional security architecture to include high technological surveillance, joint air and ground border patrol among member states of Regional Economic Communities (RECs) to address trans-border crimes and insecurity. There should also be institutionalization of counterpart funding among AU member-states for infrastructural development; and encouragement of private and civil society participation in the integration initiative, among others. In concludes that if the challenges identified are not effectively addressed, it will be very difficult for the AU to successfully realize the objectives of the AfCFTA policy.
Community Participation in the Fight against Corruption in Nigeria: The Local Language Policy Perspective
Authors: Onimisi Timothy
Published: December 2023

Abstract:

Decades after Nigeria’s independence, the country is still among the poorest in the world despite the availability of both human and material resources. The image of the country has been damaged by corruption. The level of corruption in Nigeria is beyond imagination. This article explores the role of community participation in the fight against corruption in Nigeria using the local language. The elite theory was used to operate the fight against corruption through community participation via the use of local language and twenty-five scholarly journal articles got from Google scholar, web of science, Sage, and other scholarly search engines were sourced and used. The content analysis tool used for this paper is systematically positioned to review words and themes, within some given qualitative data. The paper opined that local language can serve as a functional vehicle of interaction and an instrument of advocacy in the fight against corruption in Nigeria. The paper further established that local languages are an embodiment of culture, reflecting the depth of the people’s beliefs and knowledge. Hence, using it as a tool in the fight against corruption would be highly effective. The paper concludes that strengthening democratic institutions, including those created for fighting this menace, and the possibility of having a creditable community-sponsored candidate for elective position in the government would create a sense of belonging and indeed, bring a sense of optimism in governance and in the fight against corruption.
Illegal Migration to Europe and Nigeria’s Policy Response: Trends and Analysis
Authors: Adibe Jideofor , Mohammed Baban’umma , Chigozie Ezike
Published: December 2023

Illegal migration poses significant challenges, straining economies, and endangering lives. Nigeria grapples with these issues, with citizens seeking better prospects in Europe. Human trafficking, exploitation, and border control inefficiencies heighten risks. Nigeria's policy response involves diplomatic cooperation, awareness campaigns, and economic reforms to illegal migration, emphasizing regional collaboration for lasting solutions. This paper examines the nature of illegal migration of Nigerians to Europe and Nigeria’s policy response. The study adopted qualitative method of data collection. Findings of the study show that over 5.8 million Nigerian men, women, and children are migrants in Europe. Majority of Nigerians who left the country illegally used the Central Mediterranean Sea en route to reach Italy, Spain, and other European nations. Findings also revealed that thousands of Nigerian youths have left the country as a result of these socio-economic issues, including a lack of employment opportunities, low pay or wages, poverty, failing health care system, failing educational system, unfavourable working conditions, and a high cost of living. The study recommends among others, that Nigeria's policy response should prioritize addressing socioeconomic disparities, unemployment, and insecurity within the country to discourage citizens from seeking illegal migration as a solution. Secondly, Nigeria should enhance cooperation with European nations to combat illegal migration through intelligence sharing, joint law enforcement efforts, and support for repatriation programs.
Challenges Facing National Park Management: A Case Study of Kainji Lake National Park, Nigeria
Authors: Onihunwa J. O. , Akande O. A. , Irunokhai E. A. , Mohammed N. , Wealth A. S.
Published: December 2023

Generally, the problems associated with national park management in Nigeria include loss of wildlife habitats, poaching, overhunting, and illegal logging and grazing. Hence, the objective of this study is to evaluate the numerous challenges facing National Park Management in Nigeria using the Kainji Lake National Park as a case study using personal interview and administration of structural questionnaire to select one hundred and ninety four (194) respondents from the total population and data obtained was analyzed using descriptive statistics. The result of demographic characteristics of respondents sampled indicates that the male respondents were dominant (75.7%) and majority of the 51.4% of the sampled populations’ falls between age group 35-44 years. The finding further revealed that majority of the respondents was married (71.0%). 59.8% of the respondents had tertiary education while 40.2% had secondary education. Also, majority of the respondents are Muslims (71.0%) while 29.0 are Christian. Majority of the respondents (52.3%) had worked between 11-20 years while ≥21 are the least with 17.8%. The major challenges confronting Kainji Lake National Park as identified by the park staffs are insufficient fund and lack/shortage of manpower.The effects of these challenges on Wildlife management are reduction in management practices, makes work difficult and reduction in wildlife population. The measures taken in managing the identified challenges in the study area are provision of incentives/bonus to the staff, adequate funding, provision of modern equipment and facilities etc. The study therefore concludes that for effective conservation of biodiversity to be achieved in this premier national park of Nigeria, the identified challenges must be addressed.
Use of Macro-Minerals of Fluted Pumpkin in Evaluation of Remediation Potentials of Crude Oil Impacted Soil by Cow Horn Powder at Ikwerre Local Government Area, Rivers State, Nigeria
Authors: Nduka C. O. , Anagbogu L. A. , Belonwu D. C.
Published: December 2023

The objective of this work is to assess the remediation potentials of cow horn powder using fluted pumpkin grown on crude oil contaminated soil at Ikwerre Local Government Area, Rivers State, Nigeria using appropriate standard methods. Data shows that the ZgCH group showed a better treatment than XgCH and YgCH in enhancing the level of the minerals (Na =67.1±0.00, N = 111±0.41, Ca = 493±0.00) when compared with the level of the minerals in the -Ve C (Na = 39.0±0.06, N = 65.4±0.03, Ca = 367±0.00). The results after the 8th week of remediation showed that cow horn powder significantly improved the macro minerals concentration of fluted pumpkin leaves grown on crude oil-impacted soil across all the cow horn powder treated groups compared to the -Ve C and NC groups. In conclusion, cow horn powder can enhance the mineral concentration of plants grown on crude oil-impacted soil.
Beyond Oil Extraction: Building Lasting Relationships between Oil Producing Firms and Host Communities through Sustainable Energy Initiatives
Authors: Chijioke-Churuba J.
Published: December 2023

In a world grappling with climate change, resource depletion and increasing poverty due to economic imbalances, the old model of resource extraction is not sustainable. Furthermore, building sustainable and lasting relationships between the oil producing firms and communities could be considered as more sustainable option to energy initiatives. Hence, the objective of this paper is to explore post-extraction welfare of host communities of oil producing companies in-line with the challenges of resource depletion, climate change, imperativeness of renewable energy, environmental concerns as well as social and economic benefits of adopting renewable energy using primary and secondary sources of data. The study proposes solutions to these challenges as well as highlighting the role of different stakeholders in this process.
Application of Deep Neural Network-Artificial Neural Network Model for Prediction Of Dew Point Pressure in Gas Condensate Reservoirs from Field-X in the Niger Delta Region Nigeria
Authors: Abeshi P. U. , Oliomogbe T. I. , Emegha J. O. , Adeyeye V. A. , Atunwa Y. O.
Published: December 2023

Reservoirs of natural gas and gas condensate have been proposed as a potential for providing affordable and cleaner energy sources to the global population growth and industrialization expansion simultaneously. This work evaluates reservoir simulation for production optimization using Deep Neural network - artificial neural network (DNN-ANN) model to predict the dew point pressure in gas condensate reservoirs from Field-X in the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria. The dew-point pressure (DPP) of gas condensate reservoirs was estimated as a function of gas composition, reservoir temperature, molecular weight and specific gravity of heptane plus percentage. Results obtained show that the mean relative error (MRE) and R-squared (R2) are 0.99965 and 3.35%, respectively, indicating that the model is excellent in predicting DPP values. The Deep Neural Network - Artificial Neural Network (DNN-ANN) model is also evaluated in comparison to earlier models created by previous authors. It was recommended that the DNN - ANN model developed in this study could be applied to reservoir simulation and modeling well performance analysis, reservoir engineering problems and production optimization.
Assessment of Microbial Loads, Species Characterization and Composition in Prawn (Macrobrachium vollenhovenii) Fillets from Major Wetlands in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria
Authors: Effiong M. U. , Adeyemi A. V.
Published: December 2023

The objective of this paper is to assess the assessment of microbial loads, species characterization and composition in prawn (Macrobrachium vollenhovenii) fillets from major wetlands (Nwaniba, Ibaka, Ibeno and Itu) in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. The microbial loads, species characterization and composition in prawn fillets were determined using standard microbiological procedures. Results from the study revealed total heterotrophic bacterial counts ranging from 2.10 x 104cfu/g in samples from Ibeno to 7.30 x 104cfu/g from Itu samples. Samples from Itu also recorded the highest values (3.5 x 104cfu/g) of total heterotrophic fungal counts. A total of eight bacterial (Staphilococcus aureus, S. albus, Enterobacter aerogenes, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Micrococcus luteus, Arthrobacter freundii and Salmonella ecterica) and six fungal (Candida tropicalis, Aspergillus niger, A. flavus, A. terreus, Mucor mucedo, and Rhizopus sp) species were isolated.  The bacterial species, Micrococcus luteus and Arthrobacter freundii had 100% frequency of occurrence while in the fungal group it was Candida tropicalis. The presence of these pathogenic organisms in prawn samples from these wetland areas may infer possible threat to the health of prawn consumers especially when the products are undercooked or poorly processed before consumption.
Productivity Performance Assessment of a Firm: A Case Study of Infrastructural Construction Company in Nigeria
Authors: Ogbeide, O. O. , Ehirim N. C.
Published: December 2023

Productivity measures how efficiently production inputs, such as labour and capital, are being used in an economy to produce a given level of output. Productivity growth constitutes an important element for modeling the productive capacity of economies. It also allows analysts to determine capacity utilization, which in turn allows one to gauge the position of economies in the business cycle and to forecast economic growth. The objective of the study is to analyze the impact of productivity, while using the inventory of the construction Company in Nigeria to investigate, measure, plan and control the productivity and performance of a firm.  Data used for this study was generated through the firm's annual reports and financial statements. Multiple Linear regression Model developed was used to predict accurately the productivity level of the firm. In order to check the significant and the adequacy of the model developed, the coefficient of correlation(R), coefficient of determination (R2) and adjusted R2 were determined, with an R2 value of 0.983 and an adjusted R2 values of 0.932 obtained indicating that the model is adequate. The result of the study shows that the degree of association and correlation of the data is meritorious. Investigation revealed that factors in both external and internal work environment as well as the firm's policies are unfavorable to the enhancement of labour productivity.
Evaluation of Lead and Iron Content in Different Stages of Water Treatment Facilities within Otuoke and Yenagoa Metropolis, Bayelsa State, Nigeria
Authors: Ogunlowo O. O. , Sakwe A.
Published: December 2023

The mechanism of keeping water safe by improving its quality makes it easily accessible for community health. The objective of this work was to evaluate the levels of lead and Iron in the domestic water supply system at Ekeki Housing Estate Yenegoa local government and Otuoke community in Ogbia local government in Bayelsa State, Nigeria.  AAS version 5.0 Model was used to analyze Iron and Lead after acid digestion. Results obtained were compared with WHO standard, and statistically inferences were drawn using ANOVA and Spearman correlation matrix. All water sampled presented values of lead between (0.02-0.64) mg/L expect for point I3 and I4 which conformed to 0.01mg/L, while Iron values ranged from (0.01-5.3) mg/L.  Most of the results obtained exceeded the WHO standard of 0.01 mg/L for lead and 0.03mg/L respectively. The research findings had shown that most treatment processes adopted were not suitable for treatment of the contaminants, hence the need to review treatment processes, distribution and monitoring of the source.
Health literacy and adherence to care by people living with Human Immune Deficiency Virus (PLWHIV) in Nasarawa State
Authors: Kever RT , Chukwu EO , Hamina D.
Published: December 2023

Background: Adherence to care among people living with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (PLWHIV) has become a serious concern for healthcare practitioners. This study aimed to determine the health literacy (HL) and level of adherence to care among PLWHIV in Nasarawa State.Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study conducted on 396 HIV patients accessing antiretroviral therapy in Nasarawa State from June to July 2023. Two pretested interview-administered questionnaires were used to collect data on HL and adherence to care. Data entry and analysis were done using IBM Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 25.0. Descriptive statistics were used to describe respondent’s characteristics. Categorical variables were reported as frequencies and percentages. The association of HL domains with the level of adherence to care was determined using F-stat.Results: The dimensions of health literacy, including feeling understood and supported by healthcare providers, the ability to actively engage with healthcare providers, and navigating the healthcare system, were found to be significantly associated with the age of the respondents (p< 0.05). High health literacy and a good level of adherence to care were found in 65.7% of the population. Adherence to care was significantly associated with HL, age, level of education, and marital status (p< 0.05).Conclusion: The level of adherence to care by PLWHIV in Nasarawa State is significantly associated with HL. To enhance treatment adherence, healthcare professionals should boost the HL of PLWHIV in Nasarawa State by providing clearer and more accessible health information to patients during clinic visits.
Factors Associated with New HIV Infection among Adolescent Girls and Young Women in the City Of Kigali Rwanda
Authors: Sangwayire Beata , Habtu Michael , Ndahimana Raphael , Ogendi Japheths
Published: December 2023

BackgroundGlobally, HIV/AIDS continues to be a serious public health issue. In Sub-Saharan Africa, the incidence of new HIV infections among adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) is gradually rising. Despite efforts being made, the high HIV infection positivity rate of 5% in Kigali among adolescent girls and young women continues to be a cause for concern.Objective To assess factors associated with new HIV infection among AGYW in Kigali. MethodsThe study used a case-control design, whereby cases were AGYW confirmed to HIV positive, while controls were AGYW confirmed to be HIV negative. Using SPSS Version 26, bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify HIV infection-associated factors. ResultsThe majority 748 (96.6%) of the study participants were in the age category of 20-24 years and 487(63.2%) were single. Multivariable logistic regression model showed the following factors as independent predictors: being employed (aOR: 1.43; 95% CI: 1.02–2.03), being resident of Kicukiro (aOR: 1.59; 95% CI: 1.07–2.36), history of commercial sex worker (aOR: 2.04; 95% CI: 1.29–3.22) and having multiple sexual partners (aOR: .05; 95% CI: 1.41–2.98.ConclusionPublic health interventions from key policymakers are needed to strengthen public health strategies of commercial sex workers to reduce new HIV infection including raising awareness through education for HIV Prevention.Rwanda J Med Health Sci 2023;6(3):280-289
Risk Factors Associated with Preterm Birth at a Tertiary Teaching Hospital in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania: An Unmatched Case-Control Study
Authors: Njunwa Mujuni Rutasera , Naburi Helga , Al-beity Fadhlun Alwy
Published: December 2023

BackgroundPreterm birth contributes to significant neonatal and under-five mortality and morbidities. This study assessed the risk factors associated with preterm births at a tertiary teaching hospital in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. MethodsCase-control study to compare risk factors of preterm birth amongst 140 women with preterm deliveries as cases and 280 women with term deliveries as controls. A structured interviewer-administered questionnaire was used. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were done using STATA version 17 software. ResultsThe proportion of preterm deliveries was 17.9%. Women with less than four antenatal visits were three times more likely to have a preterm birth than those with four or more attendances (aOR 3.6, 95% CI 1.95–6.57, P < 0.001). The odds of preterm birth increased among women who experienced antepartum haemorrhage (aOR 25.7, 95% CI 12.72–52.03, P < 0.001), pre-eclampsia/eclampsia (aOR 29.9, 95% CI 7.78–115.41, P < 0.001) and preterm membrane rupture (aOR 62.8; 95% CI 23.51–168.21, P < 0.001). Among multiparous women, short interpregnancy intervals, prior preterm birth, or stillbirth increased the odds of preterm birth.ConclusionPoor antenatal attendance, obstetric complications, and premature rupture of membranes were among the identified risk factors. All could be addressed by quality antenatal care. Rwanda J Med Health Sci 2023;6(3):335-345
KURULUŞUNDAN BUGÜNE TÜRKİYE’YE GÖÇ VE GÖÇ DÜZENLEMELERİ
Authors: CİHAN Süleyman
Published: December 2023

Kuruluşundan bu yana Türkiye Cumhuriyeti sahip olduğu coğrafi konumu ve stratejik önemi nedeniyle önemli göç hareketlerine şahitlik etmiştir. Ortadoğu, Asya ve Avrupa’nın kesiştiği bir yerde olan Türkiye, kuruluşundan bugüne sadece transit ülke değil hedef ülke konumunda da olmuştur. 1923’te kurulması ile beraber ulus devlet yapısını oturtmaya çalışan Türkiye göç politikasını da uzun yıllar bu yönde düzenlemiştir. Yakın coğrafyasında yaşanan savaşlar nedeniyle Türkiye birçok göç hareketlerine maruz kalmış ve göçün getirdiği şartlara göre yasal düzenlemelerini yapmıştır. Özellikle 1990’lı yıllardan sonra Türkiye’ye komşu ülkelerde savaş ve çatışma ortamının artması kitlesel göçleri meydana getirmiş ve Türkiye’yi sığınılan veya transit olarak kullanılan ülke haline gelmiştir. 2011’de Arap Baharı kaynaklı Suriye’de başlayan çatışmalar sonucu kitlesel göç hareketi ise Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’nin 100 yıllık tarihsel sürecinde en etkili kitlesel göç hareketi olmuştur. 2014’ten bu yana dünyada en fazla sığınmacıyı barındıran ülke olan Türkiye bu durumdan birçok yönden etkilenirken göç yönetimi açısından yeni yasal düzenlemelere olan ihtiyaç ortaya çıkmıştır. Bunun sonucu olarak Türkiye göç yönetiminde büyük dönüşüm içine girmiştir. 2013 yılında yasalaşan Yabancılar ve Uluslararası Koruma Kanunu Türkiye Cumhuriyeti tarihinde göçün yönetilmesi açısından en kapsamlı düzenleme olmuştur. Bu çalışmada 100. yaşını kutlayan Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’ne yönelik tarihsel süreçte göç hareketleri ve bu doğrultuda yapılan yasal düzenlemeler incelenmiştir
60+Tazelenme Üniversitesi Öğrencilerinin Afet Bilinci Algı Düzeyleri
Authors: ALPER AY Ferda , BAHADIR Ziynet , KILIÇ Barış , AY Faruk , ÖZGÜN BAŞIBÜYÜK Gülüşan
Published: December 2023

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Akdeniz Üniversitesi bünyesinde 60+ Tazelenme Üniversitesi öğrencilerinin afet bilinci algısı düzeylerinin belirlenmesi ve sosyodemografik özelliklere göre afet bilinci algı düzeylerinin incelenmesidir. Araştırmanın örneklemini Türkiye’de Akdeniz Üniversitesi bünyesinde 60+ Tazelenme Üniversitesinde (6 Şubat 2023 depremlerinden sonra) 15.05 – 15.06.2023 tarihleri arasında eğitim gören 265 kişi oluşturmuştur. Verilerin toplanmasında Afet Bilinci Algı Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Araştırmadan elde edilen veriler SPSS.23 istatistik paket programı aracılığıyla tanımlayıcı istatistikler, bağımsız örneklem t testi ve ANOVA testi kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir. Katılımcıların afet bilinci algı düzeyleri genel olarak “yüksek”, afet sonrası bilinç algı düzeylerinin “orta” düzeyde olduğu saptanmıştır. Cinsiyet, medeni durum, eğitim durumu ve afet eğitimi değişkenleri ile katılımcıların afet bilinci algı düzeyleri arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılıklar belirlenmiştir. Afet öncesi bilinç ve yanlış afet bilinci düzeyleri afet eğitimi almayanlarda daha yüksek iken; afet sonrası bilinç düzeyleri ise afet eğitimi alanlarda daha yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak afet eğitimlerinin artırılarak daha yaygın ve kapsamlı şekilde verilmesi, eğitimlerin toplumun her kesimine ulaşması ve farklı yaş grupları, meslek grupları ve sosyoekonomik düzeyler göz önünde bulundurularak çeşitlendirilmesi ve sürekliliğinin sağlanması önem taşımaktadır. Afetlerin etkilerini en aza indirgemek ve doğru bilgiye dayalı hazırlıklar yapmak açısından afet eğitimlerinde afet öncesi bilinç ve yanlış afet bilinci konularına daha fazla yer vermeleri önerilebilir.
Los Tribunales Interdiocesanos de Sevilla: Nueva estructura judicial de la Iglesia
Authors: Pacho Sardón Ulpiano
Published: December 2023

El 1 de febrero de 1982 se constituyeron en la Archidiócesis de Sevilla los Tribunales Interdiocesanos de Primera y Segunda Instancia. Se trata de Tribunales Eclesiásticos de Justicia extracanónicos, que se originaron primero en Italia según el Motu Propio 'Qua Cura' de Pío XI, y luego se extendieron a la Iglesia en general, para integrarse finalmente en el actual Derecho Canónico. Este ensayo describe el desarrollo y la naturaleza de estos Tribunales de Justicia, así como su funcionamiento en la Archidiócesis de Sevilla
Inventario del Archivo General del Seminario de Sevilla
Authors: Casquete de Prado Sagrera Nuria
Published: December 2023

La incorporación de todos los documentos y expedientes del Seminario de la Diócesis de Sevilla al Archivo General de la Archidiócesis ha sido la ocasión de completar su inventario, de modo que ahora son fácilmente accesibles a los investigadores. Se trata de una colección moderna de expedientes (siglos XIX y XX) sobre los alumnos del Seminario esencialmente
La epigrafía hispanojudía del reino visigodo de Toledo: revisando una “protohistoria” judía del largo siglo VII
Authors: Bar-Magen Numhauser Alexander
Published: December 2023

El III Concilio de Toledo en 589 inició un largo siglo VII hasta la invasión islámica en 711, coincidiendo con el período católico del reino visigodo. Para las poblaciones judías de la Hispania tardoantigua, este largo período de unos 122 años es considerado como un paréntesis “protohistórico”, en que se ausentan fuentes internas de los propios judíos en casi su totalidad. Este carácter “protohistórico” del judaísmo del siglo VII fue aceptado por parte de la historiografía convencional a través de la lectura de las fuentes externas y a menudo hostiles a los judíos, como las eclesiásticas y las regias, describiendo una creciente persecución que acabó en parte o totalmente con la vida judía hispana. Sin embargo, la epigrafía judía de los siglos VI al VIII nos brinda una visión distinta de su devenir durante su supuesta persecución. Las prácticas epigráficas judías en territorios controlados por los reyes visigodos muestran una clara continuidad antes, durante y después del largo siglo VII. Una presencia judía continuada a lo largo de este período invita a reflexionar sobre la dependencia historiográfica de las fuentes documentales para conocer al judaísmo hispano del reino visigodo de Toledo.
Electronics with Artificial Intelligence Creating a Smarter Future: A Review
Authors: Sayyad Liyakat Kazi Sultanabanu , Sayyad Liyakat Kazi Kutubuddin
Published: December 2023

The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in electronics has completely revolutionized the way we interact with technology and is paving the way for a smarter future. As someone who has always been fascinated by the advancements in electronics, I am truly amazed by the endless possibilities that AI has brought to the table. One of the most significant impacts of AI in electronics is the ability to automate and optimize tasks, making them more efficient and accurate. From smart home devices that can control lighting, temperature, and security to self-driving cars, AI has made our lives much easier and more convenient. It has also improved the performance of electronics, making them more responsive and adaptable to our needs. Another exciting aspect of AI in electronics is its ability to learn and adapt. With machine learning algorithms, devices can analyze data and improve their performance over time. This has led to the development of intelligent personal assistants, such as Siri and Alexa, which can understand and respond to human commands, making our interactions with technology more natural and intuitive. Moreover, AI has also played a crucial role in healthcare, with the development of intelligent medical devices. These devices can monitor vital signs, detect abnormalities, and even assist in surgeries, reducing the risk of human error and improving patient outcomes. This has the potential to revolutionize the healthcare industry, making it more efficient and accessible. However, as with any technology, there are also concerns about the impact of AI on employment and privacy. With the automation of tasks, there is a fear that AI will replace human workers, leading to job loss. There are also concerns about the collection and use of personal data by AI-powered devices. These are critical issues that need to be addressed to ensure that the benefits of AI are balanced with ethical considerations.
İstanbul Sözleşmesi Tartışmalarında Açık Muhalefetten Zemin Kaydırmaya Farklı Tutumlar: Sabah ve Sözcü Örnekleri
Authors: ÇOBAN KENEŞ Hatice , KOCABAY-ŞENER Nihal
Published: December 2023

Bu çalışmada İstanbul Sözleşmesi’nin kaldırılması süreci, toplumda oluşan iki farklı özne konumunu (karşıtlık ve destek) görünür kılabilecek iki farklı ideolojik konumdaki gazete üzerinden incelenmektedir. Çalışma kapsamında farklı ideolojik konumları nedeniyle Sabah ve Sözcü gazeteleri seçilmiştir. Sabah iktidarla organik bağları olan bir gazete iken Sözcü iktidara muhalif konumda yer almaktadır. Böylece iki farklı özne konumunun örneği olarak bu gazeteler üzerinden İstanbul Sözleşmesi’nin hangi bağlamlarda nasıl ele alındığını, hangi söylemsel stratejileri kullanarak meseleyi tartıştığını ortaya çıkarmak amaçlanmıştır. Sabah ve Sözcü gazetelerinin online haber sitelerinden toplanan haberler İstanbul Sözleşmesi’nden çekilme kararının Resmi Gazete’de yayınlandığı 20 Mart 2021 tarihi ile İstanbul Sözleşmesi’nden resmi olarak Türkiye’nin ayrıldığı 1 Temmuz 2021 arasındaki dönem esas alınarak elde edilmiştir. Çalışma kapsamında Sözcü’de 41, Sabah’ta 16 habere ulaşılmıştır. Ulaşılan haberler eleştirel iletişim çalışmaları perspektifiyle analiz edilmiştir. Analiz sonucunda Sabah gazetesinin neredeyse tüm haberlerinde görünür olan İstanbul Sözleşmesi’nin “Türkiye'ye zarar verdiği” söylemi Sözcü’de de farklı gerekçelerle ortaya çıkmıştır. Öte yandan Sözcü gazetesinde sözleşmenin kaldırılmasına yönelik tepkileri görünür kılan haberlerin olması Sözleşme savunusuna aracılık etmekle birlikte LGBTİ+ öznelere dair hak odaklı tek bir haberin olmaması, LGBTİ+ların görünmez kılınması nedeniyle Sözcü’nün de hâkim cinsiyet rejiminin kodlarıyla hareket ettiğinin işareti olarak okunmuştur.
Mapping Cocoa and Assessing Deforestation Risk for the Cocoa Sector in Côte d’Ivoire and Ghana
Authors: Schneider Martina , Winchester Caroline , Goldman Elizabeth , Shao Yang
Published: December 2023

This paper describes the methods for two data products aimed at addressing deforestation linked to cocoa production: the West Africa Cocoa Dataset, an aggregate database of cocoa plots mapped by 19 companies, and the Cocoa Deforestation Risk Assessment which estimates future deforestation risk.