bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Medical Mistrust on Prostate Cancer Screening: A mixed method study among African Americans, Caribbean immigrants and African immigrants
Authors: Nipher Malika , Lisa Roberts , Qais Alemi , Carlos A Casiano , Susanne Montgomery
Published: September 2024

Objectives: The contribution of medical mistrust to healthcare utilization delays has been gaining increasing attention. However, few studies have examined these associations among subgroups of Black men (African Americans, Caribbean, and African immigrants) in relation to prostate cancer (PCa). This study addresses this gap by assessing how medical mistrust affects PCa screening behavior and to further understand perceptions of medical mistrust among subgroups of Black men. Methods: This research employs a mixed-methods approach comprising two distinct phases. In Phase 1, a cross-sectional examination was conducted to evaluate the influence of medical mistrust toward healthcare organizations on prostate cancer screening among 498 Black men. In Phase 2, a qualitative investigation was undertaken to delve into the nuances of medical mistrust through six focus groups (n=51) and ten key informant interviews (n=10). Logistic regression and grounded theory methods were employed for data analysis. Results: Quantitative findings unveiled disparities in mistrust among subgroups, with Caribbean immigrants exhibiting higher levels of medical mistrust. Nevertheless, individuals with a family history of PCa showed elevated likelihoods of undergoing screening, despite mistrust. Qualitative results revealed 1) differences in reasons for medical mistrust among Black subgroups, 2) cultural perceptions which influence medical mistrust and medical care seeking, 3) lack of education in relation to PCa that contributes to medical mistrust, 4) negative past experiences and poor provider communication contribute, and 5) when PCa directly affected one's life, either personally or within the family, there was a recognized importance placed on monitoring one's risk despite mistrust. Conclusion: While medical mistrust may not significantly deter healthcare utilization among individuals with a family history or diagnosis of PCa, it underscores the variability of medical mistrust and its underlying reasons among different Black subgroups.
Effect of expansion of Shine-Dalgarno sequence for expression of malate- and aldehyde-dehydrogenase genes from Deinococcus geothermalis in Escherichia coli
Authors: Ishikawa Masahide , Ishikawa Natsumi , Oya-Iwasaki Tomomi
Published: September 2024

The thermostability of thermophilic enzymes makes them ideal for use in biotechnology and medical science research. The overexpression of heterogeneous genes from thermophiles, such as the mesophilic Deinococcus geothermalis, in Escherichia coli is a genetic engineering technique for producing stable and useful proteins. In our previous study, 1- or 2-base expansion of the Shine-Dalgarno sequence, which is a ribosome-binding site in mRNA, was effective for the overexpression of the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide oxidase gene from Deinococcus. geothermalis in Escherichia coli. In the present study, we examined the effect of expanding the Shine-Dalgarno sequence of the malate dehydrogenase gene and three genes from the aldehyde dehydrogenase family. Our results revealed that a 1- or 2-base expansion of the Shine-Dalgarno sequence was effective for the overexpression of all genes from Deinococcus geothermalis in Escherichia coli. However, the effects of the expansion of Shine-Dalgarno sequence from 3 to 5 bases were different between these genes.
The Global Crisis of Parkinson’s Disease: Epidemiology and Risk Factors
Authors: Rana Safwaan , Qureshi Abdul , Sarfaraz Zainab , Shakir Yafiah , Al-Sarawi Adnan , Muhammad Umar , Abounaja Mohamed , Akpalu Albert
Published: September 2024

Parkinson’s disease is the second most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder, encompassing sufferers from all races worldwide. With countries around the world transitioning further along their demographics, many developing poor and middle-income countries are falling behind with the required healthcare, education and resources needed to meet the needs of Parkinson’s disease patients. We reviewed how demographic transition trends are affecting worldwide Parkinson’s disease incidence and prevalence, evaluated the effects of poverty on Parkinson’s disease management, reviewed current global initiatives to support Parkinson’s disease patients, and proposed factors for the prevention of Parkinson’s disease crises in the near future. Parkinson’s disease prevalence is increasing due to old age and higher life expectancy. North Americans have higher Parkinson’s disease prevalence than Asian and African populations. Parkinson’s disease is most prevalent amongst Caucasians in North American and European populations and amongst blacks in African populations. Important Parkinson’s disease risk factors include insecticide and heavy metal exposure, welding, antipsychotic medications, and LRRK2 gene mutations. The association of Parkinson’s disease and poverty showcases lack of knowledge of Parkinson’s disease diagnosis, predominance of care for more pervasive illnesses, limited healthcare facilities, inadequate or no access to care from specialists, and increases in Parkinson’s disease-related illnesses. Cost of care can lock up a significant portion of annual income since health insurance may not cover all expenses. These alarming situations may lead to a global Parkinson’s crisis. Thus, efforts need to be made to increase the number of training programs for educating caregivers, patients and Parkinson’s disease professionals to raise awareness and provide better healthcare and drug and treatment facilities.
The effect of acupuncture on hippocampal synaptic plasticity in Alzheimer Disease Mouse Model: Possible mechanisms of energy transportation in neurons
Authors: Wu Chang-le , Wang Meng-jing , Zhang Xiao-shu , Zhang Li , Yuan Yi-yun , Du Ping , Feng Min , Yu Shu-guang , Liu Qi
Published: September 2024

Objective: To study the mechanism of acupuncture-promoted synaptic plasticity in hippocampal neurons of senescence-accelerated mouse-prone 8 mice with respect to neuronal energy substrate transport. Methods: Forty-three senescence-accelerated mouse-prone 8 mice were randomly divided into Alzheimer’s disease model and acupuncture groups, and twenty senescence-accelerated mouse resistant 1 mice were used as the normal group. Acupuncture group received acupuncture at the “Baihui” and “Yongquan” acupoints for 40 days. The Morris water maze was used to detect the learning and memory capabilities of the mice, and in vivo electrophysiology and transmission electron microscopy were used to evaluate the synaptic functional and structural plasticity of hippocampal neurons. Glucose, lactate, and pyruvate in the hippocampal intercellular fluid, as well as the expression of glucose transporter 3 and monocarboxylate transporters 2 and 4, were analyzed using microdialysis, immunohistochemistry, and western blotting. Results: The Morris water maze data showed that compared with Alzheimer’s disease model mice, mice of acupuncture group exhibited a shorter escape latency, increased number of effective zone crossings, and increased percentage of swimming distance in the target quadrant. Acupuncture increased the postsynaptic density thickness of Alzheimer’s disease model mice and decreased the latency amplitude after tetanic stimulation and width of the synaptic cleft. Glucose, lactate, and pyruvate contents in the hippocampal intercellular fluid were significantly reduced in Alzheimer’s disease model mice, but the reductions were more pronounced after acupuncture treatment. Furthermore, acupuncture prominently elevated glucose transporter 3 and monocarboxylate transporters 2 expression in the CA1 and dentate gyrus regions of the hippocampus of Alzheimer’s disease model mice. The elevation of monocarboxylate transporters 4 expression mostly appeared in the CA1 region. Conclusion: Acupuncture improved the learning and memory capabilities as well as the hippocampal synaptic structural plasticity of senescence-accelerated mouse-prone 8 mice. Its effects were likely related to the regulation of glucose transporter 3, monocarboxylate transporters 2, and monocarboxylate transporters 4 expression in the hippocampal tissue to increase the energy substrate reserve of neurons and improve the substrate-matching ability of the cellular response.
Previous Years Question Papers for Postgraduate Obstetrics and Gynaecology Examinations- 3rd Edition
Authors: Patil Dr. Madhu A
Published: September 2024

A comprehensive book which is the collection of the previous 25 years of question papers in obstetrics and gynaecology examinations, mainly intended for the postgraduates who are appearing for the exams. This book comprises chapter-wise and topic-wise arrangement of past examinations questions which will make easy for the exam going students to read and revise. I wish all the postgraduates to make use of this book and have a happy learning process.

Recent advances have been effectively and comprehensively incorporated in the corresponding topic wise segments.
Evaluation of dimensional accuracy and surface roughness of lingual bracket slot –An in vitro study
Authors: Kolhe Shweta Abhijit , Patani Sheetal , Daokar Suchita S. , Kumar Tarun , Pawar Rakesh Ashok , Dhope Sumit Vasant
Published: September 2024

The paradigm shift with the increasing number of adults and teens seeking aesthetic options for orthodontic treatment led to the increased demand for lingual orthodontics. When it comes to size and slot dimensions, lingual brackets are very different from labial brackets.With the rise of lingual orthodontics in our everyday practice, it's more critical than ever for practitioners to understand these potential bracket size variations. The resistance to sliding mechanics can occur if the contact angle between the archwire and bracket increases, this creates the need for precise bracket slot dimension. The amount of friction varies proportionally to the accuracy of the dimensions and the roughness of the bracket slot.

To evaluate the precision of commercially available orthodontic lingual bracket slots in inch dimensions with manufacturers’ published dimensions using a stereomicroscope and to compare the surface roughness of commercially available orthodontic lingual bracket slots using an atomic force microscope.

Lingual brackets from four different manufacturers were taken for evaluation of slot dimensions. Twenty brackets of each manufacturer were randomly selected.

Trinocular Stemi 2000 Stereo Zoom Microscope with Digital Camera (Carl Zeiss, Germany) was used for measurement of bracket slot dimensions. An atomic Force Microscope (AFM) (Nanoscope® IV Di digital instrument, California, USA) was used to evaluate the surface roughness of lingual bracket slots.

Comparison of dimensions between mesial processes and comparison of dimensions between distal processes showed that the difference was only marginal with no significant statistic value. Statistically significant results proved that slot dimensions were not precise as per the manufacturer’s standards for given lingual brackets and were oversized for all bracket systems. Statistically insignificant results showed that the bracket systems were similar concerning the surface roughness of the bracket.

The analyzed series of lingual bracket systems exhibited significant differences with manufacturers’ standards in slot dimension, which will clinically result in torque play. Lack of standardization of slot dimensions during the manufacturing process may be clinically associated with undesirable tooth positioning and movement; inferring that the bracket systems were similar concerning the surface roughness of the bracket slot.
Deformation and displacements of Earth’s surface in Turkish earthquakes era in February 2023 by geodesy data
Authors: Timofeev V. Yu. , Ardyukov D. G. , Timofeev A. V.
Published: September 2024

The work analyzes the connection between a series of Turkish earthquakes in February 2023 and coseismic displacements and deformations on the Earth's surface. In areas of seismic rupture during the five days, there are recordings of three earthquakes on February 6 with magnitudes 7.8, 6.7, 7.5 and then for 5 days period – 42 events of magnitude 4.5–6.0. This work analyzed data obtained by various geodesy methods in the epicentral region. Coseismic effects in a 300 kilometers zone, covering a significant part of the East Anatolian Fault, are considered. Relative displacements up to 6 m have been recorded, with an average value 4 m. When for studying far-field effects, we used GPS network data from 27 international stations, of which seven stations located in Turkey. For the closest to the epicenters of the main aftershock on February 6, 2023, MERS station received coseismic 3D displacements up to 20 mm. The displacement and deformation fields have been constructed according to IGS data. Rates of coseismic deformations in the far zone reach up 10–8 , which is an order of magnitude higher than the background values of 10–9 . Post-seismic horizontal and vertical displacements rates of the Earth's surface in areas of Turkey, located to the southwest of the earthquake epicenters can be associated with floods. A study of displacements rates and deformations of the territory was carried out Turkey and its surroundings in the era of 2017–2023. Highlighted decrease displacement rates two years before seismic activation in 2023. The resulting picture of displacement and deformation rates reflects a current processes in the territory located on the borders of Anatolian Block and tectonic plates: Eurasian, Arabian, and African.
Prevenir e tratar escaras na UTI: O papel do enfermeiro e estratégias eficazes de cuidado
Authors: Figueiredo Analice Alves de , Sousa Elaine Cristina Batista Tavares de , Carneiro Cynara Rodrigues , Pereira Thais Kamilla Alves
Published: September 2024

As escaras, conhecida também por lesões por pressão (LP) são eventos comuns e custosos, potencialmente evitáveis no ambiente hospitalar, com gravidade categorizada em quatro estágios, desde hiperemia até exposição de estruturas profundas. Em UTIs, pacientes enfrentam alto risco de LP devido a fatores como imobilidade e uso de dispositivos médicos. Enfermeiros desempenham um papel crucial na prevenção e gestão de LP, liderando intervenções multidisciplinares para oferecer cuidados de qualidade e melhorar a implementação de medidas baseadas em evidências. Portanto, este estudo tem como objetivo investigar a fisiopatologia, visando compreender os mecanismos por trás do seu desenvolvimento e identificar fatores de risco, como também analisar e discutir estratégias de enfermagem para prevenir eficazmente as LP na UTI. Trata-se de uma revisão bibliográfica de natureza qualitativa e exploratória. Buscou-se materiais relevantes nas bases de dados da SciELO e PubMed usando os termos "Pressure Ulcer", "Intensive Care Units" e "Nurses" combinados com o conectivo "AND". Os critérios de inclusão foram artigos originais gratuitos em português, publicados nos últimos cinco anos (2019-2024), e contendo informações pertinentes ao tema proposto. Foram excluídos trabalhos incompletos, repetidos e fora do escopo da proposta. Lesões por pressão (LP) são uma séria preocupação de saúde, causando dor, imobilidade e altos custos. A prevenção envolve avaliação da pele, alívio de pressão e educação contínua dos profissionais. Estratégias incluem padronização de intervenções, equipes multidisciplinares e superfícies de suporte dinâmicas. Enfermeiros são cruciais, exigindo capacitação, desenvolvimento contínuo e proporção adequada enfermeiro-paciente para melhorar cuidados e ambiente de trabalho.
Institution-based access implications faced by traditional communities in Amazônia: towards co-managing protected areas and Terms of Compromise for socio-biodiversity
Authors: Cunha Marcelo Inacio da
Published: September 2024

Given limitations of resource and market access reported by traditional local communities and a limiting institutional environment for socio-biodiversity in Amazônia, the main question is: how do institutions (re)shape natural resource and market access by Quilombolas in the protected area of the Trombetas River Biological Reserve (TRBR) and the Implications of the TRBR Term of Compromise (TC) – a formal institution written by the Chico Mendes Institute for Biodiversity Conservation (ICMBio) – on livelihood-relevant access to socio-biodiversity products (Brazil nuts) and markets. Methods include semi-structured interviews (n=89) focusing on Non-timber forest products gatherers, as well as observation and focus-group interviews for data triangulation. An analytical framework is developed, combining access theory, institutions and property rights scholarship. Findings reveal that the TC overwrites institutionalised norms of Quilombola communities, which regulated such livelihood-relevant access long before the TRBR establishment (1979). The TC not only formalises BN use but also unintentionally restricts natural resources and market access, limiting Quilombolas’ bioeconomy-benefits.
ECG Signal Denoising Using 1D Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Rifai Ahmad , Rachmamtullah Muhammad Naufal , Sari Winda Kurnia
Published: September 2024

Electrocardiogram (ECG) signals are crucial for monitoring cardiac activity and diagnosing various cardiovascular conditions. However, these signals are often contaminated by different types of noise, such as baseline wander, muscle artifacts, and power line interference, which can obscure critical information and hinder accurate diagnosis. This study used a 1-Dimensional Convolutional Neural Network (1D CNN) architecture with seven convolutional layers for denoising ECG signals. The model utilizes a fully convolutional autoencoder approach, comprising an encoder that transforms noisy input signals into compact feature representations and a decoder that reconstructs the cleaned signals. The proposed architecture was tested using the MIT-BIH Noise Stress Test Database, which includes ECG recordings with simulated noise conditions. Performance evaluation metrics such as Mean Squared Error (MSE), Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR), and Mean Absolute Deviation (MAD) were used to assess the model's effectiveness. Results showed a low MSE of 0.034, a high SNR of 15.8 dB, and a MAD of 0.754, indicating significant noise reduction and high-quality signal reconstruction. These findings demonstrate that the 1D CNN architecture effectively reduces various types of noise in ECG signals, thereby enhancing signal quality and facilitating more accurate analysis and diagnosis. The model's ability to maintain the integrity of crucial ECG features while removing noise suggests its potential utility in clinical applications for improving cardiovascular disease diagnosis
Plantas alimentícias e as comidas no quilombo do Jacarequara: agrobiodiversidade, segurança e soberania alimentar
Authors: Ferreira-Alves Ellem Suane , Santos-Fita Dídac
Published: September 2024

Este estudo analisa a relação entre plantas alimentícias e comidas tradicionais e de que forma influenciam na promoção da segurança e da soberania alimentar no quilombo do Jacarequara, Santa Luzia do Pará, Nordeste Paraense. Foi utilizada abordagem qualitativa de observação participante, entrevistas semiestruturadas, questionários e turnê-guiada. Os dados obtidos foram sistematizados e as informações trianguladas. A essas práticas está atrelado importante conhecimento tradicional, que é construído pela constante troca geracional e tem como cerne as dinâmicas da natureza que os cerca. A importância da mandioca e macaxeira para sua alimentação se destaca, sobretudo, para a farinha de mandioca e tapioca, beiju, manicueira, tucupi, sucos de frutas nativas, entre outros. Entretanto, o avanço das áreas de pastagens e o aumento do consumo de alimentos industrializados refletem mudanças e riscos à sua alimentação. Esses fatores direcionam a uma nova realidade alimentar, podendo interferir na valorização dos seus saberes e práticas tradicionais, principalmente aqueles relacionados aos hábitos alimentares e a cultura alimentar quilombola.
Cartografía Social Yanomami en la Sierra de Parima, Alto Orinoco, Amazonas, República Bolivariana de Venezuela
Authors: Botto Carlos , Graterol Beatriz , Blanco Andrés , Yarzabal Luis
Published: September 2024

A fronteira entre a Venezuela e o Brasil no território Yanomami faz parte de um universo hipercomplexo de relações e conflitos entre a sociedade global e as comunidades tradicionais. Desde 1981, o Proicet Amazonas (Venezuela) se propôs a investigar doenças tropicais por meio de uma abordagem interdisciplinar, a fim de reduzir os danos que elas causam aos povos indígenas. O reconhecimento do paradigma do complexo levou a uma mudança sucessiva do foco inicial do estudo das doenças tropicais para a eco-saúde, o mapeamento social, a abordagem "One Health" e a inclusão da ecologia do conhecimento.  Esse trabalho de mapeamento social analisa experiências de diálogo intercultural respeitoso desde 2013 entre o grupo de trabalho transdisciplinar, o sistema de saúde estatal venezuelano, as comunidades indígenas da Sierra de Parima e a organização Yanomami Horonami. O acompanhamento da atividade dos agentes Yanomami treinados nesse processo ao longo de vários anos mostra que eles contribuíram para localizar e incorporar centenas de comunidades ao sistema de saúde, tornando-as visíveis. Os resultados indicam que a produção e a validação do conhecimento por essas comunidades em resistência é, por si só, um campo de pesquisa original e uma fonte inesgotável de lições.
Psychotherapy of generalized anxiety disorder
Authors: Jargin S. V.
Published: September 2024

Generalized anxiety disorder is characterized by persistent, poorly controlled anxiety and fears for various reasons. Thoughts are dominated by the themes of danger. Nonspecific symptoms include tension, restlessness, fatigue, poor concentration, irritability and dysautonomia. In the long run, the risk of depression and alcoholism is increased, comorbidity with affective, addictive and other disorders is often encountered. The article provides a brief overview of psychotherapy methods for this disorder. The cognitive behavioral psychotherapy appears to be most effective. One of the main goals of the therapy is training of realistic and objective thinking. Using self-observation, the patient becomes aware of his tendency to seek out and exaggerate threats. The problem-solving training can be used to improve social competence and coping skills. Various relaxation methods and other varieties of psychotherapy are applied. The schema therapy is an integrative approach including elements of different methods. Internet counseling can be used in isolation or as an adjunct to conventional psychotherapy. Anxiety disorders were diagnosed relatively rarely in Russia, and the number of psychotherapists was smaller than in other developed countries. Today, the situation is changing thanks to success of psychotherapy and development of individual rehabilitation regimes.
Age-related characteristics of the content and activity of certain components of the blood fibrinolytic system in cases of uterine cancer
Authors: Kaplieva I. V. , Zakharchenko V. R. , Frantsiyants E. M. , Guskova N. K. , Verenikina E. V. , Maksimova N. A. , Dimitriadi S. N. , Sergeeva M. M. , Ilchenko M. G. , Pogorelova J. A. , Trepitaki L. K.
Published: September 2024

Uterine cancer (UC) is the third most common cancer in women in Russia. Knowledge of age-specific features of the fibrinolytic system in patients with UC can be useful in terms of improving its pathogenetic therapy. Aim of the study was to investigate the peculiarities of the content and activity of some components of the fibrinolytic system in the blood of UC patients of different age groups. Material and methods. 30 healthy women (donors) and 56 patients with uterine cancer T1a-2N0M0, adenocarcinoma G1–G3 were divided into subgroups according to age: reproductive, perimenopause and menopause. ELISA of urokinase (u-PA), its receptor (u-PAR) and its inhibitor (PAI-1), tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) content were performed in blood collected before treatment. Results. In reproductive UC patients, inhibitor u-PA (PAI-1) activity increased 14-fold (hereinafter the difference is statistically significant, p < 0.05) and content increased 2.9-fold, while receptor u-PA (u-PAR) level decreased 1.7-fold compared to reproductive donors. Perimenopausal UC patients showed a 3.3-fold increase in PAI-1 content and a 6.3-fold increase in PAI-1 activity compared to perimenopausal donors, t-PA concentration decreased 1.3-fold relative to donors and was 1.9-fold lower than in reproductive UC patients. In menopausal patients with UC, the activity and content of PAI-1 enhanced 5.5-fold and 4.5-fold, respectively, compared to donors. Additionally, they were 2.1-fold and 1.2-fold lower than in reproductive UC patients. The activity of u-PA increased 2.6-fold, reaching the values of reproductive UC patients. The activity of t-PA was 1.3-fold higher than in donors, but did not differ from the activity in other RTM patients, while the level of t-PA occupied an intermediate position between the corresponding indices in young UC patients (it was 1.4-fold lower) and perimenopausal UC patients (it was 1.4-fold higher). Conclusions. The development of UC is accompanied by an imbalance of components of the fibrinolytic system in the blood, depending on the age of women, with a minimum spectrum of changes in the indicators in reproductive patients and maximum - in menopause patients, which indicates the pathognomonicity of these factors in PTM and requires an individual approach to the management of such patients.
Analysis of changes in intestinal microbiota in female Wistar rats at the stage of breast cancer induction by N-methyl-N-nitrosourea
Authors: Cherkas V. N. , Kabakov A. V. , Poveshchenko A. F. , Kazakov O. V. , Lelyak A. A. , Kozlova O. S.
Published: September 2024

The intestinal microbiota, having enormous metabolic potential, makes a significant contribution to the physiological and pathological processes of humans and animals and is currently considered as an important factor in the pathogenesis of cancer. The aim of this study is to determine changes in the quantitative and qualitative composition of the intestinal microbiota in Wistar rats during chemical induction of breast cancer (BC). Material and methods. The work was performed on female Wistar rats (n = 40) aged 3 months, weighing 200–210 g, using cultural methods for studying fecal microbiota in intact rats (1 group) on the 1st, 14th, 35th days and in rats with induction of breast cancer and and in rats, whereby N-methyl-N-nitrosourea was administered to induce breast cancer (2 group) on the 1st (before injection of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea), 14th, 35th days after injection of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea. Results and discussion. In all experimental animals, representatives characteristic of the intestinal normobiota of warm-blooded animals predominated, namely: Bifidobacterium spp., Lactobacillus spp., Escherichia coli with pronounced enzymatic properties, Enterococcus spp., Clostridium spp. In addition, Staphylococcus spp., yeast-like fungi of the genus Candida and mold. Escherichia coli with reduced enzymatic activity was also detected. It was established that the isolated bacteria belonged to 3 types, 4 classes, 5 orders, 6 families, 6 genera of the bacterial domain. Also, 2 genera of fungi belonging to the order Saccharomycetales were isolated. The most significant changes in the composition of the intestinal microbiota were noted in rats with chemically induced breast cancer on the 35th day tumor induction: the appearance of pathogenic microflora in the intestine was revealed.
Features of gender, age, social factors and polymorbidity in patients, undergone COVID-19
Authors: Nikolaev Yu. A. , Sevostyanova E. V. , Mitrofanov I. M. , Polyakov V. Ya.
Published: September 2024

Aim of the study was to identify the features of susceptibility to a new coronavirus infection СOVID-19 depending on gender, age, social factors and polymorbidity. Material and methods. An analysis of the structural features of gender, age, and social factors in 620 patients who underwent examination and treatment at the Federal Research Center of Fundamental and Translational Medicine clinic (Novosibirsk) was carried out. The patients were divided into 2 groups: the main group (group 2, age 56.4 ± 0.7 years) included 272 patients who underwent a new coronavirus infection COVID-19, confirmed by a positive PCR test or antibody testing, a comparison group (group 1, age 60.7 ± 0.7 years) – 348 people who did not have COVID-19 and were undergoing examination and treatment for chronic non-communicable diseases. Results. An analysis of the incidence of COVID-19 depending on gender showed that disease was more common, by 22 %, in women than in men. Patients who had COVID-19 were statistically significantly more likely (30%) to be in the second adult age period than those in the comparison group. When studying the social features of patients who underwent COVID-19, it was found that employees and employees of the administrative and managerial apparatus were significantly more likely to suffer from this infectious disease. An analysis of the structure of polymorbid pathology revealed that patients with COVID-19 had a significantly higher value of transsystemic polymorbidity.
Enhancing Soil Fertility and Crop Productivity through Crop Residue Management: A Review
Authors: Aleminew Amare
Published: September 2024

Competing uses of crop residues and suggesting their management is one of the conservation agricultural practices which have a very efficient strategy to increase the soil fertility and crop productivity. Among the available organic sources of plant nutrients, crop residue is one of the most important sources for supplying nutrients to the crop and for improving soil health besides increasing the organic matter of the soil. Crop residue enhances the physical and chemical characteristics of soils and, in general, serves as a steady source of food for the fauna, flora and many creatures that inhabit the soil. The slope of the farmland determines how much crop residue is left on the farm. As a result, farmlands with steep slopes require a lot of crop leftovers, whereas farmlands with moderate slopes require fewer crop residues. The maintenance and productivity of the farmland, which results in fertile farmland and improved crop output, may be achieved if the principal obstacles pertaining to uses of agricultural leftovers were resolved.
The Nazarene’s Self-Image by a Natural Process
Authors: Fazio Giovanni
Published: September 2024

XX Century ago, in Jerusalem (Roman province of Judaea) a supernatural event happened: the Resurrection of Jesus Christ, the Nazarene. An event instantly (Miracle) that is, obviously, indecipherable for the Natural Sciences. All this happened while the Burial Linen remained imageless on the stone in the tomb. In fact, in the four Gospels, no one mentioned an image on the above funerary sheet. It appears only after the latency time typical of one stochastic process. A long time, years or decades, that begins with the thermal energy emission from the corpse of the Nazarene (the only source present in a 1st century sepulcher) and ends with the formation of His self-image. The latter, most likely, is the first in history.
TRADISI PEMBERSIHAN MAKAM USANG PUYANG KELEKO KELUMPANG DI DESA LUBUK BANDUNG
Authors: Andrianto Tio , Rochmiatun Endang , Khudin Sholeh
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini berjudul Tradisi Pembersihan Makam Usang Puyang Keleko Kelumpang Desa Lubuk Bandung: Telaah Historis, Antropologi, dan Arkeologis. pokok dari penelitian ini adalah: [1] Bagaimana awal mula sejarah Makam Usang Puyang Keleko Kelumpang di Desa Lubuk Bandung; [2] Apa saja makna yang terkandung dalam tradisi pembersihan makam Usang Puyang Keleko Kelumpang di Desa Lubuk Bandung; [3] Bagaimana bentuk-bentuk makam yang terdapat pada kompleks makam Usang Puyang Keleko Kelumpang. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori Solidaritas Sosial dan kajian deskripsi Historis, Antropologi, dan Arkeologis dalam mengkaji tradisi pembersihan makam Usang Puyang Keleko Kelumpang. Dengan menggunakan teori Solidaritas, peneliti berharap dapat mengetahui bagaimana tradisi pembersihan makam Puyang tersebut sebagai media solidaritas masyarakat Desa Lubuk Bandung. selain itu dengan ketiga kajian tersebut, peneliti dapat mengetahui tentang sejarah makam dan tokoh Puyang, proses pelaksanaan tradisi pembersihan makam Puyang dan bentuk dari makam Puyang. Metode yang digunakan untuk pengumpulan data dilakukan secara observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Analisis data menggunakan reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan atau verifikasi.Tradisi pembersihan makam Usang Puyang Keleko Kelumpang merupakan kegiatan pembersihan makam Puyang yang dilakukan sebagai wujud untuk mengenang dan menghormati Puyang leluhur Desa Lubuk Bandung, dengan diadakannya tradisi pembersihan makam Puyang ini, masyarakat akan selalu mengingat jasa Puyang leluhur mereka atas pendirian dari Desa Lubuk Bandung. dalam penelitian ini ada dua sumber data yang digunakan, yakni sumber primer yang diperoleh dari tokoh adat desa, masyarakat desa dan dokumen terkait penelitian, seperti data desa, tradisi pembersihan makam, dan juga tentang deskripsi makam Puyang, dan data sekunder dari literatur yang terkait dengan penelitian. Dari hasil penelitian yang telah diketahui bahwa Puyang bagi masyarakat Desa Lubuk Bandung sebagai seorang tokoh yang mendirikan desa dan tradisi pembersihan makam puyang ini dilakukan masyarakat setahun sekali.
Pengaplikasian Nilai Nilai Ajaran Islam dalam Membentuk Karakter Prajurit Berambisi (Kajian Studi Peperangan Di Masa Nabi)
Authors: Nur’ain Ryan Dzun , Firmansyah Syahrul Adam
Published: September 2024

The War of Civilizations during the time of the Prophet Muhammad SAW was an important period in Islamic history. This study analyzes the ethical principles of war, the roles of soldiers and values ​​in conflict. This research method involves analysis of historical documents such as the Koran and Hadith. Military strategies at the time included guerrilla warfare, defensive defense, and diplomacy. The use of horses and weapons such as spears and swords gave the Muslim army speed and strength. The Prophet Muhammad SAW prioritized justice, peace and respect for human rights, which was reflected in peace agreements and protection of non-Muslims. This study provides insight into the wars of this period and their importance in Islamic history and culture.
Peran Organisasi Fatayat NU dalam Penyebaran Islam di Indonesia
Authors: Damayanti Tasya Aulia
Published: September 2024

This article discusses the Fatayat Nahdlatul Ulama organization in Indonesia. The Fatayat organization is one of the Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) women's organizations that moves as a form of attention to women. Fatayat NU has an important role in spreading Islam in Indonesia by forming women, teaching religious knowledge, religious moderation, and member development. In addition, this article also discusses the contribution of Fatayat NU in forming broad insights, conducting educational, social and religious activities or programs. Fatayat NU has succeeded in spreading peaceful and tolerant Islam in Indonesian society through various da'wah and social activities. Through an approach based on Islamic values, Fatayat NU can combine Islamic teachings with the socio-cultural needs of the Indonesian people. With a non-coercive approach, Fatayat NU is able to create harmonious relationships and strengthen the foundation of Islamic life in Indonesia through various activities.
Mangalap Boru Dalam Perkawinan Masyarakat Desa Tapus Mulya Kecamatan Padang Gelugur Kebupaten Pasaman Timur
Authors: Lupita Purnama Sari  , Sri Suriana  , Sholeh Khudin
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini berupaya untuk menganalisis dalam upacara adat yang dilakukan oleh masyarakat Desa Tapus Kampung Suka Mulya Kecamatan Padang Gelugur Kabupaten Pasaman Timur  mengenai Tradisi Mangalap Boru. Dalam pelaksanaannya ada beberapa  proses dilakukan dalam tradisi mangalap boru yang dipimpin oleh Hatobangon setempat.   Dalam mangalap boru tersebut menggunakan beberapa tahapan dalam prosesnya seperti Mangirit Boru,Manyapai Boru, Padomos Hata, Patobang Hata, Manulak Sere, Akad Nikah, Acara Pesta, Mangalehen Mangan, Horja Haruan Boru, Makobar Boru, Mangupa, Horja Pabuat Boru dan Mangalap Boru. Dalam upacara ini bertujuan untuk  landasar adat dan agama dan dijauhkan dari keburukan. Masalah dalam penelitian ini yaitu bagaiaman proses tradisi Mangalap boru  dan di Tapus Kampung Suka Mulya. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian lapangan, dalam menganalisa menggunakan deskriptif kualitaif yaitu peneliti melakukan penelitian langsung ke masyarakat untuk mendapatkan data yang dibutuhkan, yaitu dengan wawancara, dan melakukan penelitian melalui dokumentasi. Proses dalam pelaksanaan upacara mangalap boru yaitu berawal keluarga laki-laki menjemput penganti perempuan utuk di bawa kerumahnya. Nilai Islam yang terkandung dalam upacara mangalap boru yaitu pertama : nilai Aqidah yaitu adanya pembacaan kalimat Syahadat yang merupakan nilai Aqidah, kedua nilai ibadah yaitu dengan pembacaan do’a dalam upacara  mangalap boru, ketiga nilai akhlaq yaitu adanya kebersamaan masyarakat dalam otong royong agar tetap tetap pesta dan proses mangalap boru berjalan dengan baik  dan menjalin silaturahmi yang baik antar sesama masyarakat.
Kajian Dinamika Universitas Al-Azhar dan Reformasi Pendidikan di Mesir serta Pengaruhnya terhadap Dunia Islam
Authors: Azmiyah Azmiyah , Yafi Salman , Zulmuqim Zulmuqim , Masyhudi Fauza
Published: September 2024

Al-Azhar University is evidence of the oldest Islamic education in the world, which was founded during the Fatimid dynasty in Egypt and functions as a center for Islamic studies and a center for the spread of Isma'ili Shiite teachings. As time went by and changes in Islamic governments, the al-Azhar mosque turned into a madrasa to spread Sunni Islam and has now become a university that has produced many ulama figures who have given birth to new views and ideas for reform, thus influencing the development of education and the Islamic world throughout the world. This research aims to determine the dynamics of universities and educational reform in Egypt which have an impact on Muslims globally, including Indonesia. This research uses library research with references from books, articles and historical analysis of Al-Azhar. The results of this research are knowledge of al-Azhar from the Fatimid dynasty to the present, this motivates Muslims to continue studying and making the mosque prosperous and advancing Islamic education.
Korelasi Antara Puyang dan Masyarakat Dalam Tradisi Sedekah Dusun Di Desa Cambai Kota Prabumulih
Authors: Lili Annisah1  , Amilda  , Santosa
Published: September 2024

This research is entitled "Correlation Between Puyang and Community in the Dusun Almsgiving Tradition in Cambai Village, Prabumulih City" relating to the bond of puyang as an identity that originates from the community. Puyang is believed to be the founding ancestor and shaper of a civilization for the lives of the people of South Sumatra in ancient times. The figure of the puyang continues to be believed in by society's primitive beliefs, namely animism as a belief in the spirits of ancestors which has become a tradition passed down from generation to generation in everyday life. The main issues in this research are: [1] What are the oral traditions that developed in the Cambai Village community regarding their origins? [2] What is the process of implementing the village alms tradition in Cambai Village? [3] What is the relationship between the puyang and the people of Cambai Village in carrying out the village alms tradition? This research method uses an ethnographic method, which is an approach to one of the qualitative research methods that focuses on the phenomenon of the correlation between Puyang and society in the Dusun Almsgiving Tradition in Cambai Village, Prabumulih City. The data sources used consist of: Primary data, namely direct observation in the field and conducting interviews. Meanwhile, secondary data includes books, journals, theses and articles. The data collection methods used by researchers are observation, interviews and documentation. Data analysis in this research uses analytical techniques, namely data collection, interpretation and writing of results which are carried out simultaneously. Based on the analysis of the research results and discussion, the researcher draws the conclusion that the Dusun Almsgiving Tradition has been carried out since ancient times by our ancestors and continues to be carried out from generation to generation until now, and the relationship between the puyang and the village community is established in this tradition.
Kebudayaan dan Kearifan Daulah Abbasiyah: Warisan Peradaban Islam
Authors: Mauldia Aslamiyah  , Nurjanah  , Karmelia Putri  , Azkia Savitri
Published: September 2024

This journal is intended to provide a general overview of the legacy of Islamic civilization during the time of Daulah the Abbasid, who ruled from 750 to 1258 after being elected by the second Abbasid caliph in 762 with headquarters in Baghdad and then moved to Samara in the ninth century. The Abbasid dynasty lasted for about five centuries, from 132 AD or 750 AD to 1258 AD. The method used by library research, using widely available literary sources, such as books, journal articles, research reports, and other electronic documents from online libraries or databases. Data obtained from journal sources relevant to the heritage of Islamic civilization in the Abbasian era include the advancement of educational sciences, the creation of literary and artistic works, and the widespread economic development in the spread of Islam during the Abbassian era. The heritage of Islamic civilization from the Abbasid era has had a major impact on Muslim society as a whole and such heritage is evidence of wealth and intellectual and artistic wealth.
TRADISI NGANTAT SALIN DALAM ERA MODERNISASI PADA MASYARAKAT DESA ULAK KERBAU BARU KECAMATAN TANJUNG RAJA KABUPATEN OGAN ILIR
Authors: Khairani
Published: September 2024

The Ngantat Salin tradition is a tradition carried out by the people of Ulak Kerbau Baru Village before the wedding, nowadays it is still carried out even though it has changed over time. This research aims to find out the form of change in the Ngantat Salin tradition in weddings in the village of Ulak Kerbau Baru, as well as the factors causing it. By using qualitative research methods, and data collection techniques through observation, interviews. As well as analysis techniques with data reduction, data presentation and verification. The results of the research show that the changes that occurred in the Ngantat Salin tradition occurred in the form of Copy that was given, namely that it was more numerous and varied than in the past. In the past, it was in the form of kuntung, pillows, mats, serindak, as well as shrimp paste, tamarind, and onions. Nowadays it is no longer used but uses other types of salt such as rice, salt, soy sauce, oil, eggs, fruit, cakes, toiletries, prayer equipment, make-up equipment. In the past, only two people represented its implementation, but nowadays it has become busy and is being participated by many people. Factors causing this change include advanced formal education, economic conditions in society, era factors, and cultural influences from other regions.
A Review of Studies on the Use of Digital Reality Technologies in Teaching Language Skills
Authors: Özcan Erdal , Güney Serkan , Eroğlu Safa
Published: September 2024

Technological developments that manifest themselves in all areas of life have had serious effects on education. Digital reality technologies, which are type of technologies that progresses cumulatively day by day, is the main subject of this research. Digital reality technologies are subdivided into virtual, augmented, mixed and extended reality. Language teaching, which is an indispensable element from the first to the last stage of education, is one of the basic concepts addressed in this research. In this study, studies on the use of digital reality technologies in language teaching were examined. Document analysis, one of the qualitative research methods, was used in the study. The data were analysed by content analysis. The study puts under the scope the theses and articles regarding the effect of digital reality types on language teaching, which are found in YÖK Thesis, Dergipark, Google Scholar, ERIC, ResearchGate, Academia, TR Index, Web of Science databases. In the research, the problem and the findings related to the subheadings of this problem were included.
Identification of Relict Landslide Parts Based on Morphometric Data to Determine Potential Hazard Zones Combined with Surface Morphodynamics
Authors: Ramlah R. , Saputro Redo
Published: September 2024

The destruction of houses and facilities by landslide causes deaths. In this context, the level of destruction and subjective description of the characteristics can be examined through landslide parts determination. Therefore, this study aims to determine potential landslide hazard zone and houses potentially affected. Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) and unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) are morphometric surveys combined with surface morphodynamics to show potential hazard zones of landslide parts. Meanwhile, Data Elevation Model (DEM) is used to delineate relict landslide and the concept is verified by field observation and orthophoto. Morphometric measurements are collected at each slope gradient by GNSS and surface morphodynamics are investigated on the entire relict landslide area by direct observation and orthophoto data. The combination of morphometric and morphodynamic data describes hazard zone of relict landslide. In addition, the integration of orthophoto and landslide hazard zone data is used to determine potentially affected houses. This study was conducted on landslides 1 and 2 with zone classifications of very high, high, low and very low. The results show that there are different conditions and the most hazardous parts of landslides 1 and 2 are the foot and body, respectively. A total of 75 and 50 houses were potentially affected by landslides 1 and 2, respectively. Identification of hazard zones based on landslide parts determines the boundaries of the area affected. The addition of surface activity processes determines the level of hazard in each of parts, while the combination of morphometric and morphodynamic data shows landslide zone.
Drought Disaster Causes and Their Proposed Adaptation Strategies around Karst Areas in Gunungkidul Regency, Indonesia : A Review
Authors: Putri Wahyu Endah Christiani , Zamroni Akhmad , Asih Andrea Sumarah , Prasetya Haris Nur Eka , Sagala Saurina Tua , Almadrones-Reyes King Joshua
Published: September 2024

Gunungkidul Regency, one of Indonesia's karst regions, frequently experiences droughts. This study aims to investigate the causes of drought disasters and provide adaptation strategies for disasters that may occur near karst areas in Gunungkidul Regency. We used Google Scholar to identify drought causes on the study site. The next stage is making appropriate adaptation strategies using a qualitative and comparative analysis technique. The three main components that cause drought disasters in Gunungkidul Regency include climate characteristics, hydrogeological characteristics, and anthropogenic factors. Some proposed adaptation strategies to address the impacts of drought disasters include planting crops with low water requirements, adopting conservation agriculture and utilizing organic farming, applying structural adaptation strategies, developing agroforestry, giving farmers financial assistance, paying compensation to drought-affected families, distributing knowledge about drought adaptation strategies, reducing family food demand, suggesting seasonal migration, and reducing livestock. Working with multiple stakeholders is essential to putting these adaptation strategies into action.