bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
If things were simple, word would have gotten around. Can complexity science help us improve pediatric research?
Authors: Fustolo-Gunnink Suzanne F. , de Boode Willem P. , Dekkers Olaf M. , Greisen Gorm , Lopriore Enrico , Russo Federica
Published: November 2024

Complexity science is a discipline which explores how complex systems behave and how we interact with them. Though it is widely implemented outside medicine, particularly in the sciences involving human behavior, but also in the natural sciences such as physics and biology, there are only a few applications within medical research. We propose that complexity science can provide new and helpful perspectives on complex pediatric medical problems. It can help us better understand complex systems and develop ways to cope with their inherent unpredictabilities. In this article, we provide a brief introduction of complexity science, explore why many medical problems can be considered ‘complex’, and discuss how we can apply this perspective to pediatric research.

Impact

Current methods in pediatric research often focus on single mechanisms or interventions instead of systems, and tend to simplify complexity. This may not be appropriate.

Complexity science provides a framework and a toolbox to better address complex problems.

This review provides a starting point for the application of complexity science in pediatric research.
Normal weight obesity, circulating biomarkers and risk of breast cancer: a prospective cohort study and meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Wenjie , Wang Xiaoyan , Jiang Ying , Guo Yingying , Fu Peifen , He Wei , Fu Xiaohua
Published: November 2024

Background

Individuals with normal weight obesity (NWO) often escape the attention of healthcare providers who may assume that a normal body mass index (BMI) correlates with low health risks. However, it remains unknown whether NWO increases the risk of breast cancer.

Methods

This study included 22,257 and 52,506 pre- and postmenopausal females with normal BMI in the UK Biobank. NWO was defined as participants with a normal BMI (18.5–24.9 kg/m2) and an excess percent body fat (PBF > 33.3%). Cox proportional hazard models were used to investigate the associations of NWO and NWO-related biomarkers with incident breast cancer.

Results

NWO was not associated with premenopausal breast cancer, whereas it was associated with a higher risk of postmenopausal breast cancer (hazard ratio = 1.19, 95% CI: 1.08–1.31). In our meta-analysis, per 5-unit increment in percent body fat level was linked to a 15% (95% CI: 10–19%) elevated risk of postmenopausal breast cancer in females with normal BMI. Stratified analyses showed a stronger positive association in females with higher genetic risk. In our NWO-biomarkers analyses, NWO was linked to 34 identified biomarkers, of which three inflammation markers (monocyte count, neutrophil count, and C-reactive protein), and one ketone body metabolite (β-Hydroxybutyrate) also indicated a positive association with postmenopausal breast cancer.

Conclusions

NWO is associated with an increased risk of postmenopausal breast cancer, indicating that relying solely on BMI neglects the higher risk faced by non-obese postmenopausal women.
S-allylmercaptocysteine inhibits TLR4-mediated inflammation through enhanced formation of inhibitory MyD88 splice variant in mammary epithelial cells
Authors: Takashima Miyuki , Kurita Masahiro , Terai Haruhi , Zhao Feng-Qi , Suzuki Jun-ichiro
Published: November 2024

Mastitis is an inflammatory disease affecting mammary tissues caused by bacterial infection that negatively affects milk quality and quantity. S-Allylmercaptocysteine (SAMC), a sulfur compound in aged garlic extract (AGE), suppresses lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation in mouse models and cell cultures. However, the mechanisms underlying this anti-inflammatory effect remain unclear. In this study, we demonstrated that oral administration of AGE suppressed the LPS-induced immune response in a mastitis mouse model and that SAMC inhibited LPS-induced interleukin-6 production and nuclear factor κB p65 subunit activation in HC11 mammary epithelial cells. Global phosphoproteomic analysis revealed that SAMC treatment downregulated 910 of the 1,304 phosphorylation sites upregulated by LPS stimulation in mammary cells, including those associated with toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling. Additionally, SAMC decreased the phosphorylation of 26 proteins involved in pre-mRNA splicing, particularly the U2 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein complex. Furthermore, we found that SAMC increased the production of the myeloid differentiation factor 88 short form (MyD88-S), an alternatively spliced form of MyD88 that negatively regulates TLR4 signaling. These findings suggest that SAMC inhibits TLR4-mediated inflammation via alternative pre-mRNA splicing, thus promoting MyD88-S production in mammary epithelial cells. Therefore, SAMC may alleviate various inflammatory diseases, such as mastitis, by modulating immune responses.
Are transition metal phthalocyanines active for urea synthesis via electrocatalytic coupling of CO2 and N2?
Authors: Huang Yungan , Fan Ting , Ji Yongfei
Published: November 2024

Electrocatalytic coupling of CO2 and N2 to synthesize urea presents a promising approach to address global energy and environmental challenges.
Retraction: Copper catalyzed direct C–H double methylation of aromatic aldehydes employing methanol as an alkylating agent
Authors: Sunny Sereena , Karvembu Ramasamy
Published: November 2024

Retraction of ‘Copper catalyzed direct C–H double methylation of aromatic aldehydes employing methanol as an alkylating agent’ by Sereena Sunny and Ramasamy Karvembu, Green Chem., 2024, https://doi.org/10.1039/D4GC02415J.
Advancing cellular transfer printing: achieving bioadhesion-free deposition via vibration microstreaming
Authors: Huang Ziyu , Zhou Yinning , Liu Yu , Quan Yue , Yin Qiu , Luo Yucheng , Su Yimeng , Zhou Bingpu , Zhang Wenming , Zhu Benpeng , Ma Zhichao
Published: November 2024

A bioadhesion-free cell transfer method using vibration-induced microstreaming enables precise cell arrangement via microcavity design. It allows single-cell precision. Cells maintain high viability and growth due to the gentle, label-free process.
Thuja occidentalis "Smaragd" root system growth modeling, grown using above ground pot-in-pot
Authors: Tseplyaev Alexey , Popova Anna , Paltseva Anastasia
Published: November 2024

Growing planting material in containers is the most optimal way to produce plants in nurseries. At the same time, there are factors limiting the use of containers in the forestry practice. The temperature regime plays an essential role in this case. High temperature is the main limiting factor affecting the vital processes intensity in a plant. The introduction of modern technologies of the closed root system planting material cultivation is one of the ways to reduce the destructive impact. This article conducts an analytical study of the Thuja occidentalis "Smaragd" root system density distribution, depending on the depth and angle of orientation in 5 l containers using 7.5 l, 10 l and 15 l pots as screens, as well as without shielding, to establish the influence of this technology element on the cultivated ornamental plants growth activity and quality. Based on optical recognition of several photographs and neural network combining of the results, cartograms and graphs of the root density distribution were obtained. Research has shown that 5 l in 10 l and 5 l in 15 l are the optimal combinations of containers, as they provide uniform root growth on all sides of the container and high root density.
Assessing the impact of forest management activities on fire areas in Russia
Authors: Vodolazhskiy Alexey , Tuvishkina Margarita
Published: November 2024

As a result of the work done, the volumes of the main forestry activities carried out on the territory of Russia and affecting the occurrence and spread of forest fires over 10 years, starting in 2012, were analyzed. These included care cabins, sanitary and health measures and certain types of fire-fighting measures. During the same period, the number of fires and the area of forests traversed by fire were established. The relationship between the volume of each type of event and the area of fires was also revealed. A multiple regression analysis was performed, as a result of which it was found that the preventive controlled fire-fighting burning of brushwood, forest litter, dry grass and other forest combustible materials does not significantly affect the occurrence and spread of fires. The final equation of the relationship between the volumes of significant measures (logging, sanitary and health measures, measures for fire protection of forests, including the creation of forest roads, glades, fire breaks, mineralized strips, their maintenance and renewal) with the area of forest fires is obtained.
Current state of Tugai vegetation of Akhangaran river basin
Authors: Azimov Ibrohim , Khujanazarov Uktam , Toylibaev Sultanbek , Berdibayeva Gulshat
Published: November 2024

The paper involves phytocenotic and floristic diversity of the biota of the ecosystems of Akhangaran River basin. The current state, structure, areas of vegetation, especially in tugai communities of the basin in recent years have changed significantly under the influence of various types of anthropogenic factors. The entire territory of the basin, especially along the floodplain of the rivers is covered with a dense network of roads, numerous mines, quarries, rest homes, reservoirs and have significant demographic resources, i.e. the basin is the most dynamic area in the Western Tien Shan, where all types of desertification occur. In order to preserve the current phytocenotic diversity of all types of vegetation, in particular tugai communities, the task is to conduct a cartographic inventory based on space data. The results show that tugai vegetation in the basin is the most degraded and strongly changed in composition, structure and area, which is not only reduced in places gradually destroyed, i.e. replaced by cultivated lands.
The influence of agrobiotic factors on the effectiveness of UzDEF
Authors: Abdurakhmonov Husniddin , Bozorov Kamoliddin , Lukova Iroda
Published: November 2024

The article presents the results of the effect of different norms of UzDEF defoliant, depending on the characteristics of the cotton variety C- 8286, to different irrigation regimes and norms of mineral fertilizers. Currently, preparations with a gentle effect on the gout, the composition of which is part of the phenylmochevina group, is made up of the substance tidiazuron-diuron, have been used in a wide range of fields. But the application of the optimal application norms and deadlines of these new defoliants, as well as their effectiveness in connection with the irrigation regime of the Acorn, the norms of fertilizers, in Acorn varieties grown in various soil-climatic conditions of our republic, has not been fully studied scientifically. Based on the above, it is important to determine the effectiveness of defoliants depending on the irrigation regime and fertilizer standards of the gooseberry varieties, which are being cared for in various soil and climatic conditions of our republic. The main goal of the project is to provide recommendations to farmers and farms, developing optimal standards and deadlines for the use of defoliants, the local cost of which is affordable. The novelty of the project is that for the first time, the optimal application norms and deadlines will be determined in the conditions of Meadow peat soils of the Samarkand region, using the UzDEF defoliant, the cost of which is cheap, in the S-8286 variety of acorns, depending on the irrigation regime and the amount of fertilizers.
The effect of seed thickness alignment on the uniformity of planting materia
Authors: Golev Alexandеr , Goleva Galina , Ivannikov Valery , Buchtoyarov Vladimir
Published: November 2024

The results of studies on the effect of calibration of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) seeds by size (thickness) on the yield of standard seedlings are presented in order to assess the effect of the lattice-free technology of calibration of scots pine seeds on the yield of standard seedlings when growing them in a nursery. The seed batch of scots pine before sowing was calibrated on an experimental sample of a lattice-free separator in size (thickness). The size gap in the fractions was determined experimentally using end measures and an electronic caliper, based on the minimum and maximum sizes (thickness) of the seeds. As a result, two fractions of seeds were obtained. The resulting seed fractions were sown on nursery areas. Uncalibrated seeds were used as a control. It was found that the highest yield of standard seedlings (94-98%) was observed when using calibrated seeds regardless of the fraction. When sowing with uncalibrated seeds, the yield of standard seedlings was only 64-79%. The height of seedlings grown from uncalibrated seeds varied from 5 to 32 cm, calibrated (large fraction) – from 13 to 23 cm, calibrated (small fraction) – 10 to 13 cm. The diameter of the root neck in crops with uncalibrated seeds varied from 1.86 mm to 11.94 mm, calibrated large seeds – from 3.88 to 4.56 mm, calibrated small seeds – from 2.99 to 3.41 mm.
Study of the influence of non-uniform thermal inclusions on the heat transfer resistance of a two-layer wall panel
Authors: Sargsyan Samvel , Agafonova Vera
Published: November 2024

The article is devoted to the analysis of the efficiency of using mineral wool slab fillers in a two-layer wall panel with different thicknesses of the external insulation layer. A literature review was conducted, which showed the relevance of the issue under consideration regarding the practical application of multilayer external enclosing structures in industrial and civil construction. A distinctive feature of such panels is their low weight, ease of transportation and installation, as well as increased energy efficiency due to the use of highly efficient fillers. The paper examines options for constructing an external wall of a residential building with different thicknesses of the external insulation layer in combination with a two-layer enclosing structure. As a result of a series of numerical calculations in the COMSOL Multiphysics software environment for various thicknesses of the external insulation of a two-layer wall panel, the nature of the temperature change across the thickness of the structure under consideration was determined. An analysis of the influence of non-uniform thermal inclusions on the equivalent heat transfer resistance of a multilayer enclosing structure was carried out. By means of engineering calculations and numerical modeling in the COMSOL Multiphysics software package, a refined value of the heat transfer resistance of a two-layer wall panel was obtained, which helps to determine the minimum thickness of the external insulation layer depending on the climatic zone of the residential building construction. It is concluded that the use of mineral wool slab fillers in the construction of multilayer wall panels increases the equivalent heat transfer resistance of the enclosing structure and also allows for a significant reduction in operating costs both at the construction stage and during the operation of buildings and structures.
Theoretical study of the hydrodynamics of a bubble absorption apparatus
Authors: Karimov Ikromali , Ibrohimov Kobiljon
Published: November 2024

The article presents an innovative approach to the design of a bubble absorption device aimed at enhancing the purification of gases emitted from production enterprises. This device targets the efficient removal of dispersed particles and gas mixtures by significantly improving the interaction between the gas and the absorbent liquid. Through rigorous theoretical studies, the authors derived a critical equation that calculates the optimal height of the gas cushion, denoted as “h.” This parameter is essential, as it guarantees uniform gas distribution across the mixing stages of the device, facilitating operation in a stable hydrodynamic mode. Such stability is vital for achieving high cleaning efficiency and consistent performance. Furthermore, the insights gained from this research allow for the precise calculation of gas consumption within the device and aid in the design of an effective gas distribution nozzle. The implications of this work extend to improving environmental compliance in industrial settings and enhancing overall operational efficiency in gas treatment processes.
Assessment of the condition of the multifunctional green area of Voronezh “Park named after Sherstyuk”
Authors: Kharchenko Nikolay , Matytsina Elizaveta , Prokhorova Nadezhda , Kirillova Elizaveta
Published: November 2024

The article is devoted to the current environmental problem of the urban environment - the presence and condition of public green areas. The article presents the results of an environmental assessment of the state of the multifunctional green area of the city of Voronezh “Park named after. Sherstyuk.” The main goal was to determine the qualitative and quantitative state of tree plantations by species, as well as an inventory of emissions from vehicles to determine the state of ground-level atmospheric air. When conducting research, standard methods of environmental research were used, followed by desk processing. The tables below reflect data on the species composition, average diameter and height of plantings, as well as the number of tree species by condition category. The tables also reflect the content of harmful substances in the atmospheric air, calculated in accordance with GOST R 56162-2014.
Ecosystem services of urban forests: Conceptual approaches
Authors: Yakovenko Nataliya , Komov Igor , Chernyakevich Lidia , Sibiryatkina Irina
Published: November 2024

Conserving and restoring ecosystem services in urban areas can reduce the environmental impacts and ecological debts of cities, while improving the resilience, health and quality of life of their inhabitants. Green and natural areas of cities fulfil important functions in shaping a comfortable environment, despite this, the design, creation and maintenance of green spaces should also take into account certain risks associated with their possible unfavourable impacts. The article reveals the ecosystem services of urban forests of the urban system. Their characteristics are given. The risks for the effective implementation of the ecosystem services approach in territorial planning are disclosed. Using an approach to ecosystem services in planning can help policy makers move from policies on individual issues, such as the creation and maintenance of green infrastructure, to the formation of an integrated policy that recognizes the services provided by green infrastructure. Accounting for ecosystem services at the planning stage is much more cost-effective than covering the costs of loss or restoration of ecosystem services in the future.
Intelligent information system for assessing the dynamics of natural disaster development
Authors: Slezin Kirill , Skvortsova Tatiana
Published: November 2024

In the article some popular geoinformation systems are considered, and their main advantages and disadvantages are revealed. A geoinformation system is proposed that has the functions of geometric modeling of the dynamics of the contours of forest fires in the terrain. A module for processing and calculating mathematical models of contours has been developed.
Diagnostics of leaks with unknown amplitudes against the background of interference caused by accidental consumption in the hydraulic system for the forest complex
Authors: Sazonova Svetlana , Zolnikov Konstantin , Skvortsova Tatyana , Kravchenko Andrey , Zarevich Anton
Published: November 2024

The formation of algorithms for leak detection is considered. It is shown that the solution to the problem of specific leak detection may vary depending on the type of hydraulic system and the technologies used. Hydraulic fire extinguishing systems for buildings and structures are used in the forest complex. It is shown that main pipelines with combustible substances pass through the forest complex, leaks in which can cause fires, explosions and environmental damage. Mathematical models and methods for diagnosing leaks in hydraulic systems are considered, including identifying the facts of leakage based on the use of mathematical models to determine the location and size of such leaks. In this paper the research focuses on the detection of leaks with unknown amplitudes based on the verification of a two-alternative hypothesis for a hydraulic system, taking into account interference from stochastic consumption. A single leak is considered as a significant amplitude jump against the background of noise arising in the hydraulic pipeline system due to the selection of the target product by consumers. It is noted that the transition from the task of verifying a two-alternative hypothesis to the task of verifying multi-alternative hypotheses or pattern recognition provides a deeper and more comprehensive analysis of leaks.
The application of a recommendation algorithm to the selection of places and the volume of planting of forest plantations, taking into account various characteristics
Authors: Korzhova Maria , Andreeva Kristina , Zolotarev Daniil , Zolnikov Vladimir
Published: November 2024

The paper considers the use of a recommendation algorithm of hierarchical clustering to optimize the choice of places and the volume of planting of forest plantations, taking into account the characteristics of the environment. The relevance of the study is related to the need to improve the efficiency of forestry in the context of climate change. The process includes data collection and analysis, on the basis of which an algorithm is developed for selecting tree species and planting volume.
Stakeholder analysis of climate projects implemented within green areas
Authors: Kolarzh Vyacheslav , Karamyshev Viktor
Published: November 2024

Natural climate projects are a promising tool for achieving carbon neutrality of the Russian economy. However, at the moment, green areas, the creation of which may be mandatory, are actually excluded from the context of climate projects. This article presents the results of a stakeholder analysis for climate projects implemented in green areas. The results of the analysis can be used as basic prerequisites for developing algorithms for implementing climate projects in these areas.
Process modeling of unmanned aerial vehicles using intelligent systems in forestry
Authors: Simonov Vladimir , Karpov Alex
Published: November 2024

The software life cycle includes the design stage, which consists of creating a formal model of its behavior from different points of view. This paper presents fragments of the developed models that provide digitalization of forest plantation condition monitoring processes. To ensure an effective monitoring process, an intelligent system must be developed that includes means of visual control or aerial survey (different types of unmanned aerial vehicles), specialists who control the flight of such vehicles and respond to changes in the state of forest plantations, resources that provide objective processing of a large array of data and form control actions based on the results obtained. The resulting processes, necessary resources for project implementation, and expected results are clearly shown on the developed functional models, which correspond to the methodology of functional modeling.
Animal world, protection of animals and regulation of hunting processes in the Turkestan region
Authors: Otagenov Xakimbay
Published: November 2024

Sudden economic changes in the world, destruction of the ecosystem due to the irrational use of natural resources, natural disasters, epidemics that are extremely dangerous for human life are shaking the human society. At the current time, when such global environmental problems are intensifying, the issues of the interaction between nature and society, the impact of humanity on nature are becoming more and more urgent and attract the attention of the scientific community. The ever-increasing environmental problems such as floods, drying up of the Aral Sea, depletion of the ozone layer, caused by global warming, require the study of the social significance of research in all fields of science from an ecological point of view. During the period of the Russian Empire, research is being conducted in areas such as changes in the ecological state, flora and fauna, as well as the impact of the ecological environment on social life as a result of anthropogenic influence on the territory of Turkestan. The article discusses them. Research methods such as historical analysis and synthesis, chronological-comparative analysis, civilizational approach, synergetic method and objectivity were used in the research. As a result of the research, the following results were obtained. Taking into account the high role of animals such as horses, donkeys, camels, cattle, sheep and goats in the socio-economic life of the population, which are considered important for the household by the Governor General of Turkestan, to prevent them from contracting various infectious diseases, if such a disease occurs if infected animals are detected, measures were developed to immediately neutralize and destroy them.
Alakol’s tourism industry and environmental challenges
Authors: Kishkenbayeva Zhuldyzai , Sailaubay Erlan
Published: November 2024

This research analyzes the ecological state of Lake Alakol and its surrounding environment, with a focus on the resort and tourism cluster. It examines the adjacent Abai and Zhetysui regions, where the Alakol resort, tourist cluster, and nature reserve are located. The study specifically investigates the influence of anthropogenic factors on the ecology of Lake Alakol. The development of the resort and tourism cluster, progressing within the framework of a specially adopted state program in Kazakhstan, represents an important direction but has also intensified anthropogenic environmental issues. Currently, there is dynamic growth in resort tourism facilities, yet this growth is accompanied by violations of state environmental legislation. This article addresses the environmental problems of Alakol, which are partly linked to its natural climatic conditions, such as extreme temperature variations between hot summers and cold winters, when large ice floes damage the lake’s shorelines. A critical issue is the pollution of Lake Alakol, driven by human activity and various unresolved social and communal challenges.
Intelligent system for monitoring forest plantations condition using unmanned aerial technologies
Authors: Simonov Vladimir , Karpov Alex
Published: November 2024

The article defines the relevance of using unmanned aerial vehicles to monitor the processes occurring in forestry areas. Forestry can have vast areas with different levels of overgrowth, terrain and other objects or factors that make it difficult to regularly traverse the area to assess the condition of forest plantations. The use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) makes it possible to monitor changes in the condition of objects by providing launch points, modes of operation, and frequency of flights. The use of such vehicles in connection with an intelligent system provides objective monitoring of the state of objects of observation, the formation of a system of recommendations to improve the state of the ecosystem, prevent events and reduce the level of unfavorable impact on it. This determines the relevance of the work carried out. The paper presents the hardware-software structure of such a system with a description of the functional capabilities of each of its links. The developed architecture provides data processing in different modes of operation, their storage and provision to the user at his request.
Environmental processing of waste at public health facilities
Authors: Nurmamatova Kurbonoy , Nurmatova Feruza , Yusupova Dildora , Muradov Khayot , Juraeva Sohibjamol , Maksumova Munira
Published: November 2024

and, in particular, the waste of medical institutions - the activities of healthcare institutions. The development of the issue of environmental safety and human health protection has drawn attention to the role of waste, which is an echolocation of the effectiveness of the healthcare system and a source of danger to human health. The experience of many countries that have developed in this direction has shown that the most important condition for addressing the environmental safety of waste management is the categorization of waste as hazardous and non-hazardous according to their physical and chemical characteristics using consistent, comprehensive methods and technical means for effective incoming waste handling, “design” of sites for the separate collection and storage of waste, the use of waste as an alternative source of energy - substitution of raw materials and thus dramatic reduction of the concentration of waste, and the development of the renewable waste treatment system - the setting of standards for the restriction of waste flow to the environment and control of waste into the atmosphere, water, and soil, and as a result, the prevention of extreme pollution and the regulation of the environment on an appropriate level and protection of man from morbidity.
Analyzing anthropogenic and natural influences on Utrish Nature Reserve
Authors: Pogorelova Victoria , Melchenko Alexander , Khmara Ivan , Maksimenko Anna , Miroshnichenko Julia
Published: November 2024

The paper analyzed the impact of climate change on bird migration in the Utrish Nature Reserve. It also revealed the acceleration of post-fire recovery of post-fire areas in the Utrish Nature Reserve, namely the comparison of two sites Us and Uw with the highest and least intense burning. It was found that after the fire the amount of enzymes in the fire- affected areas doubled, which is an additional source of elements for the continued existence of flora and fauna in the affected areas (in the period of secondary succession).
Development of a dichroic mirror based on Nb2O5/SiO2 for LiDAR systems
Authors: Yudin Nikolay , Zinovev Mikhail , Kuznetsov Vladimir , Kulesh Maxim , Podzyvalov Sergey , Slyunko Elena , Baalbaki Hussein , Lysenko Alexey , Kalsin Andrey , Gabdrakhmanov Akmal
Published: November 2024

This work focuses on designing a dichroic mirror for a LiDAR system. An approach for selecting materials for interference optical coatings was established. Based on this approach, Nb2O5 and SiO2were chosen as coating materials. An interference coating design composed of alternating Nb2O5 and SiO2 layers on a quartz glass substrate was modeled for the LiDAR system. A dichroic mirror was fabricated according to the calculated design. The interference coating consisted of 26 layers with a maximum thickness of 600 nm, resulting in a total coating thickness of 10140 nm. The fabricated dichroic mirror exhibits reflection coefficients of R ≤ 99.6% and R ≤ 0.4% for the spectral ranges of 1950-2100 nm and 2200-2300 nm, respectively.
Management of energy-efficient technologies of certification system in forestry industry
Authors: Oleynik Pavel , Kazaryan Ruben , Doroshin Ivan , Kisel Vadim
Published: November 2024

Purpose: This material has not been used for many years. This is the basis of the scientific novelty of the conducted research, based on these results, it is possible to develop a methodology for calculating the periods of overhaul of roads. The purpose of the study is to assess the positive impact of certification standards on the final characteristics of load-bearing layers of asphalt concrete pavements on the basis of statistical information obtained in the process of using certification standards. The object of the research is the existing certification standards and the factors that determine the level of quality of the load-bearing layers of road surfaces. The subject of the research is the positive impact of the application standards for the quality of roads, as well as the processes of current control during the laying of load-bearing layers of road surfaces. The scientific novelty of the research consists in: ( a) development of a methodology for the formation of a database on certain construction projects for their further analysis and research; b) development of standard requirements for determining the strength of bearing layers and coatings in general; c) development of a methodology for calculating the time of repairs on a particular road, which will contribute to the improvement of certification standards and their impact on the strength of the road surface. Methods used in the work are theoretical scientific methods on the basis of which a scientific model is built, which makes it possible to eliminate contradictions and develop the main direction of its implementation. The results obtained in the study make it possible to justify the need for selection of criteria and construction of a system model on its basis, contributing to improving the efficiency of the transport system, modeling the reconstructed system of the transport industry.
Economic model of forestry adaptive capacity in the context of climate change
Authors: Bezrukova Tatiana , Gyiazov Aydarbek , Kuksova Irina
Published: November 2024

The article presents the theoretical foundations for the application of the economic model and the adaptive potential of forestry in the context of climate change, since the conservation and rational management of all types of forests is recognized as a critical factor in economic and social development and environmental protection. It is assumed that the model will be constructed as a weighted directed graph, which describes various methods for calculating the weight coefficients of the model based on statistical assessment and expert assessment, and also provides recommendations for their application to assess relationships of various natures. The developed economic model of the adaptive potential of forestry in the context of climate change will optimize the structure of forests taking into account probable climate changes, preserving their forestry and biological values, and increasing resistance to insect pests and forest diseases. Secondary resources will be preserved, and ecosystem services will be increased, fire hazard and losses from the impact of negative climatic phenomena will be reduced. A distinctive feature of which is the low level of resource provision and management potential, the need to consolidate as the main direction of development the adaptive potential for substantiating technologically simplified stages, with the development of standard organizational tools for applied use.
Structural mechanics in forestry based on digital twin
Authors: Zarevich Anton , Poluektov Alexander , Sumina Yulya , Makarenko Philipp
Published: November 2024

Computational simulations are particularly relevant when it comes to robots operating in highly dynamic environments, such as robots used as mobile equipment in forestry. The structural design of such a robot is quite complex. However, this is usually done once at the beginning of the design process and the dynamic loads can only be estimated, leading to huge safety margins. In this paper, a digital twin approach to structural mechanics is proposed. Each feature of the environment (each tree, soil, etc.) as well as the robot itself can be represented by a digital twin. Rigid body dynamics are used to record all acting forces and impulses during the operation. These serve as input for finite element analysis, thus providing a holistic modelling framework.
Closed circular economy model of the forest sector in the regional aspect
Authors: Tereshina Maria , Yakovleva Elena , Titova Elena
Published: November 2024

The article presents a model of the circular economy in the context of the forest sector, emphasizing the importance of incorporating forest resources into circular supply chains that extend from the forest to consumers. Based on the logical structure of measuring the development of the circular economy in the forest sector and based on the availability of data, a system for assessing the indicators of the development of the circulareconomy in the forest sector was formulated, including financial, social, and environmental aspects, such as resource efficiency, environmental impact, economic efficiency and social well-being. Based on the results of the study, recommendations for the formation of a circular economy model in the forest sector were formulated.
The impact of ESG ratings on the corporate financial performance of Russian companies
Authors: Popov Evgeniy
Published: November 2024

This article examines the impact of ESG ratings on the corporate financial performance of Russian companies, in particular on return on assets (ROA). The results of the ESG rating components for components E, S, G for the period 2023 for companies included in the rating list with ESG ratings of Russian companies from the RAEX rating agency were selected as the object of the study. The purpose of the article is an empirical study of the influence of ESG rating components on the performance of Russian public companies listed on the stock exchange. To achieve this goal, regression analysis with the least squares method (OLS) was used. The results of the analysis showed that the correlation between the ROA indicator and the E, S, G indicators has minimal values. The results of the indicators calculated by regression analysis indicate a weak positive relationship between the independent variables (E, S, G) and the dependent variable (ROA). Only 6.17% of the ROA variability can be explained by ESG factors. In conclusion, the study highlights the need to further explore other factors affecting financial sustainability, and recommends more comprehensive approaches to analyzing the relationship between ESG and financial performance.
Economic benefits of rational perennial planting use under global climate change in Chuy
Authors: Belek uulu Esenbek , Rakhmatova Mavliuda , Ibraeva Nurila , Shakirova Klara , Chortonbaeva Asel , Ishekeev Nazarkul
Published: November 2024

The article examines the economic efficiency of using perennial plantings in the context of global climate change using the example of farms in the Chui region. The analysis is based on data on the current use of agricultural technologies and modeling their impact on economic benefits. The study highlights opportunities to adapt and optimize agricultural practices in response to climate challenges, discussing both traditional and innovative approaches to managing perennial crops. Particular attention is paid to sustainable practices that increase productivity and minimize environmental impact. The results of the study offer specific recommendations for farmers and agronomists, and also highlight key directions for policymakers in the field of agricultural policy and the environment.
Integrating ecological costs into financial accounting: Asian context
Authors: Cordova Wilson , Onyusheva Irina , Voronina Alexandra
Published: November 2024

This study investigates the role of corporate reputation as a mediator between environmental investments, sustainable supply chain practices, corporate environmental policies, and financial performance. It analyzes data from companies operating in Asian markets, where sustainability concerns are increasingly significant. The research employs a regression analysis to demonstrate that corporate environmental policies, investments, and supply chain practices enhance a firm’s reputation, which then positively impacts financial outcomes. The results reveal that while corporate reputation plays a critical role in financial performance, its direct impact is relatively modest, explaining around 5.9% of financial variability. The study emphasizes that environmental initiatives indirectly boost financial results through reputation building, particularly in markets where consumers value sustainability.
Forecast of greenhouse gas emissions and absorption of forestry activities in Russia
Authors: Morkovina Svetlana , Kolesnichenko Elena , Yakovenko Nataliya , Sheshnitsan Sergey , Vodolazhsky Alexey , Pryadilina Natalia , Manmareva Valeria
Published: November 2024

The article analyzes and quantifies greenhouse gas emissions and absorption in the territories of the forest fund in different regions of Russia. Scenarios have been developed to predict the net absorption of greenhouse gases by forest managers until 2050, and a long-term forecast of the balance of emissions and absorption of these gases has been presented, taking into account changes in strategic forest planning documents. According to forecasts, greenhouse gas emissions associated with the implementation of sanitary and wellness measures will amount to at least 2.3 million by 2028. tons of CO2 equivalent annually, maintaining the level of 2018. More than 60% of these emissions will occur in the Siberian and Central Federal Districts. The potential for reducing emissions in this case is limited, because the actual area of implementation of activities has significantly decreased from 2012 to 2018. The implementation of the target scenario only through the country’s forestry sector will not allow achieving the target volume of net forest absorption set by the Strategy for 2050. A deficit of 279.7 million tons of CO2 equivalent per year between the target scenario and the planned net absorption volume (at least 1,158 million tons). t CO2-eq. per year) can be overcome through additional measures, including climate projects in the field of forestry and afforestation on lands of other categories. In order to maintain carbon runoff in Russian forests, additional protection and restoration measures are needed, which go beyond the existing plans of the subjects.
Innovative social entrepreneurship for agricultural sector, food value chain and environmental impact
Authors: Skivko Maria , Gerasimov Kirill , Bogatova Elena
Published: November 2024

This article focuses on the idea of resource efficiency applied by modern social entrepreneurs. The main idea of this research is to analyze the potential of resource-efficient technologies and ideas to be incorporated into various social businesses. Thus, special attention is given to the problems of the agricultural sector and food value chain that cause major negative environmental impact by producing greenhouse gases and using non-renewable energy sources. The analysis is supported by three cases of social entrepreneurship practices aimed at applying sustainable technologies, strategies, or ideas in agriculture and farming. The first case describes an agricultural technology startup that uses artificial intelligence and robots in farming to inspect crops and help farmers grow healthy products. The second case narrates the story of a social enterprise that provides an access to quality, affordable, and nutritious rice by supporting smallholder farmers in West Africa. The third case outlines the success of a social enterprise that promotes sustainable principles in holistic and fully integrated farming and builds an eco-community.
Exploring the functional possibilities of intelligent systems for active recreation
Authors: Orlik Lubov , Krasnikova Irina
Published: November 2024

New technologies and trends have created a highly competitive environment in the tourism industry. Modern tourist products include combined types of holidays with different types of activities (e.g. motor tourism, river and sea cruises with excursion programmes, ecological tourism, camping). Regardless of the type of tourist activity, it is necessary to create conditions for developing tourist routes and attracting tourists. One of such ways is the creation of an intelligent system of tourist support for citizens. The paper presents a description of the functional possibilities of such a system for the organisation of camping. The concept provides the possibility of “intelligent” creation of travel routes, selection of necessary inventory and equipment for this purpose, organisation of a place of temporary stay, etc. The main advantage of the developed concept is the assessment of the state of natural ecosystems through which tourist routes pass, as well as the possibility of monitoring and controlling their condition.
Justification of the component composition of the drug “DB” for dry hoof baths
Authors: Tarasova Evgenya , Khuzin Damir , Baimukhametov Fanil , Mingaleev Danil , Potekhina Ramziya , Yusupov Sultan , Bykova Polina , Lukina Guliya , Mukhammadiev Rinat , Mukhammadiev Rishat , Kalimullin Farit
Published: November 2024

This paper presents the results of substantiation of the component composition of the medicinal product «DB» for dry hoof baths for the treatment and prevention of infectious and non-infectious diseases of the distal extremities of cattle. The selection of the most optimal composition was carried out based on the results of studying the adsorption activity of 13 experimental samples and determining the minimum bactericidal (fungicidal) concentration of 10 experimental samples. The maximum adsorption and antimicrobial activity of the sample, which includes bentonite, copper sulfate, zinc sulfate, polyvinyl alcohol, perlite, camphor oil and sodium benzenesulfochloramide (called «DB») is shown. The tests showed that the composition of «DB» is the most optimal combination of the substances used, which complemented each other, leading to increased adsorption, bactericidal and anti-inflammatory properties. The developed means for dry hoof baths installed in places where animals are driven will be most effective in the initial (maceration, microtrauma, fresh wounds, etc.) and middle stages of infectious diseases of the distal extremities, which will significantly reduce the incidence and development of severe infectious forms of diseases. In this regard, the introduction of this means into the technology of cattle breeding will reduce labor costs for the prevention and treatment of cattle, will contribute to an increase in the period of economic use of animals, a decrease in the development of antibiotic resistance of pathogenic microorganisms and an increase in the profitability of cattle breeding as a whole.