bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The ICU Bridge Program: volunteers bridging medicine and people together
Authors: Petrecca Sarah , Goin Adrian , Hornstein David , Stevanovic Milanka , Donovan Adamo Anthony
Published: November 2022

Background

The intensive care unit (ICU) is an emotionally taxing environment. Patients and family members are at an increased risk of long-term physical and psychological consequences of critical illness, known collectively as post-intensive care syndrome (PICS). These environmental strains can lead to a high incidence of staff turnover and burnout.

Aim

The ICU Bridge Program (ICUBP) is a student-led organization that attempts to mitigate these stressors on patients, family, and staff, by assigning university volunteers to ICUs across Montreal.

Setting

ICU.

Participants

ICU volunteers, staff, patients, and families.

Program description

The ICUBP volunteers support staff by orienting patients and families, while using effective communication strategies to provide comfort and promote a calm environment. The presence of volunteer visitors is helpful to patients who do not have the support of family members and/or friends. The program provides students with profound learning experiences by allowing them to shadow multidisciplinary teams, gaining a privileged and varied exposure to an acute medical environment, while developing their communications skills.

Program evaluation

The program reassesses its methods and impact via internal student-designed surveys distributed on a yearly basis to staff and volunteers.

Discussion

Research is warranted to assess the impact of the program on ICU patients, visitors, staff, and volunteers.
Functional imaging-guided carbon ion irradiation with simultaneous integrated boost for localized prostate cancer: study protocol for a phase II randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Hu Wei , Li Ping , Hong Zhengshan , Guo Xiaomao , Pei Yulei , Zhang Zhenshan , Zhang Qing
Published: November 2022

Background

Due to the physical dose distribution characteristic of “Bragg peak” and the biological effect as a kind of high linear energy transfer ray, heavy ion therapy has advantages over conventional photon therapy in both efficacy and safety. Based on the evidence that prostate cancer lesions before treatment are the most common sites of tumor residual or recurrence after treatment, simultaneous integrated boost radiation therapy for prostate cancer has been proven to have the advantage of improving efficacy without increasing toxicities.

Methods

This study is a prospective phase II randomized controlled clinical trial evaluating the efficacy and safety of functional imaging-guided carbon ion irradiation with simultaneous integrated boost for localized prostate cancer. One hundred and forty patients with localized prostate cancer will be randomized into carbon ion radiotherapy group and simultaneous integrated boost carbon ion radiotherapy group at a 1:1 ratio. The primary endpoint is to compare the incidence of treatment-related grade 2 and higher acute toxicities between the two groups according to National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (NCI-CTCAE) version 4.03. Secondary endpoints are late toxicities, biochemical relapse-free survival, overall survival, progression-free survival, and quality of life.

Discussion

This study adopts functional imaging-guided simultaneous integrated boost of carbon ion radiotherapy for localized prostate cancer, aiming to evaluate the differences in the severity and incidence of acute toxicities in patients with localized prostate cancer treated with carbon ion radiotherapy and simultaneous integrated boost carbon ion radiotherapy, in order to optimize the carbon ion treatment strategy for localized prostate cancer.

Trial registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05010343. Retrospectively registered on 18 August 2021
The effect of mHealth-based exercise on Insulin Sensitivity for patients with Hepatocellular carcinoma and insulin resistance (mISH): protocol of a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Yeo Seung Mi , Oh Joo Hyun , Yu Hee Ju , Sinn Dong Hyun , Hwang Ji Hye
Published: November 2022

Background

The importance of insulin resistance is gaining increasing attention as it plays an important role in carcinogenesis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Although exercise is the most important intervention for lowering insulin resistance, it is not easy for HCC patients to maintain high compliance and do appropriate exercise. Mobile health (mHealth) with wearable devices can be the solution to carry out an adjusted and supervised exercise that can normalize insulin resistance in patients with HCC. We developed an HCC-specific application equipped with patient-centered exercise. In this paper, we present a randomized controlled trial protocol comparing an intervention group with a control group to determine whether mHealth-based exercise is effective in normalizing insulin sensitivity in HCC patients with insulin resistance after anticancer treatment.

Methods

An assessor unblinded open label randomized controlled trial (RCT) will be conducted for 80 participants with treatment-naïve or recurrent HCC who have received treatment and achieved complete response at the time of screening. They will be randomly assigned (1:1) to one of two groups: an intervention group (n = 40) and a control group (n = 40). The intervention group will carry out mHealth-based exercise for 6 months from baseline, whereas the control group will receive the usual follow-up care for the first 3 months and mHealth-based exercise for the next 3 months. Both groups will be assessed at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months from baseline. The primary outcome is the normalized rate of insulin resistance in each group at 3 months. Insulin resistance is estimated by calculating homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). The secondary outcomes are body composition, physical fitness level, physical activity, and quality of life at 3 months.

Discussion

This study is the first RCT to investigate the effect of mHealth-based home exercise with a wrist-wearable device on insulin sensitivity, physical fitness, and quality of life for HCC patients with insulin resistance. The result of this RCT will confirm not only safety and functional improvement but also biological effect when exercising using mHealth in HCC patients.

Trial registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04649671. Registered on 2 December 2020. The World Health Organization Trial Registration Data Set is not registered.
Adherence to exercise and fitness following exercise-based outpatient cardiac rehabilitation: a cross-sectional survey for Germany
Authors: Tilgner Nina , Nehls Dominik , Lichtmess Celine , Kober Alexandra , Küsel Cinja , Radloff Lisa , Gabrys Lars
Published: November 2022

Background

Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation is safe and effective, evidence-based and implemented in national and international cardiac rehabilitation guidelines. Recent data show a decrease in cardiovascular mortality, reduced hospital admissions and an overall improvement in quality of life. To maintain positive effects and to prevent further cardiovascular events a major goal of cardiac rehabilitation is to induce a long-term health behaviour change and the integration of regular physical activity and exercise training in everyday life. The aim of this study is to evaluate the adherence of cardiac patients to exercise-based programs following rehabilitation phase III.

Methods

A nationwide online cross-sectional survey was conducted. All outpatient aftercare providers who offer sports rehabilitation programs (heart groups) for cardiac patients in Germany were contacted. The questionnaire comprised 15 questions in five subcategories (general information regarding the outpatient aftercare provider, structure of rehabilitation sport programs, membership structure, content of heart groups, adherence to exercise-based programs).

Results

560 of 2447 outpatient aftercare providers participated in the survey (response rate: 23%). On average, rehabilitation sport facilities hosted 2 (IQR 2) heart groups per week, and 23 patients (IQR 30) (61% males; 31% females) per facility completed rehabilitation sport prescription in 2018. Almost all providers offer follow-up programs on a self-payer basis after rehabilitation sport prescription ends. Adherence to follow-up programs was at 54% (IQR 65; 55% males and 50% females). With 60% (IQR 71), patients with a statutory health insurance (mainly pensioners) adhere slightly more often to a follow-up program compared to privately insured persons (mainly population with a high income or civil servants) with 50% and significantly more often compared to persons who were insured by the German pension fund (covering working population) with only 9% (IQR 89) adherence.

Conclusion

Almost all outpatient aftercare providers offer follow-up programs for cardiac rehabilitation patients but only half of them actually participate. Younger people (working population) do not adhere sufficiently to sport and exercise programs following rehabilitation phase III. This seems critical to address in terms of achieving long-term rehabilitation goals.
Decellularized bovine ovarian niche restored the function of cumulus and endothelial cells
Authors: Amjadi Farhad , Beheshti Rahim , Nasimi Fatemeh Sokouti , Hassani Ayla , Shirazi Reza , Tamadon Amin , Rahbarghazi Reza , Mahdipour Mahdi
Published: November 2022

Objective:

Recently, the decellularization technique is introduced as one of the tissue engineering procedures for the treatment of various deficiencies. Here, we aimed to assess the dynamic activity of CCs and HUVECs within decellularized bovine ovarian tissue transplanted subcutaneously in rats. Ovarian tissue was decellularized using a cocktail consisting of different chemicals, and the efficiency of decellularization was assessed using hematoxylin-eosin and DAPI staining. The cell survival was evaluated using an LDH leakage assay. Thereafter, decellularized samples were recellularized using HUVECs and CCs, encapsulated inside alginate (1.2%)-gelatin, (1%) hydrogel, and transplanted subcutaneously to rats. The existence of CD31- and estrogen-positive cells was assessed using immunohistochemistry staining.

Results:

Bright-field imaging and DAPI staining revealed the lack of nuclei with naive matrix structure in ovarian tissue subjected to decellularization protocol. SEM imaging revealed a normal matrix in decellularized ovaries. LDH assay showed a lack of cytotoxicity for CCs after 7-days compared to the control group. Immunohistochemistry staining showed both CD31- and estrogen-positive cells in CCs + HUVECs compared to the CCs group. CD31 cells appeared with flattened morphology aligned with matrix fibers. The existence of estrogen and CD31 positive cells showed the efficiency of decellularized ovarian tissue to restore cellular function and activity.
Field testing a new ICD coding system: methods and early experiences with ICD-11 Beta Version 2018
Authors: Eastwood Cathy A. , Southern Danielle A. , Khair Shahreen , Doktorchik Chelsea , Cullen Denise , Ghali William A. , Quan Hude
Published: November 2022

Objective

A beta version (2018) of International Classification of Diseases, 11th Revision for MMS (ICD-11), needed testing. Field-testing involves real-world application of the new codes to examine usability. We describe creating a dataset and characterizing the usability of ICD-11 code set by coders. We compare ICD-11 against ICD-10-CA (Canadian modification) and a reference standard dataset of diagnoses. Real-world usability encompasses code selection and time to code a complete inpatient chart using ICD-11 compared with ICD-10-CA.

Methods and results

A random sample of inpatient records previously coded using ICD-10-CA was selected from hospitals in Calgary, Alberta (N = 2896). Nurses examined these charts for conditions and healthcare-related harms. Clinical coders re-coded the same charts using ICD-11 codes. Inter-rater reliability (IRR) and coding time improved with ICD-11 coding experience (23.6 to 9.9 min average per chart). Code structure comparisons and challenges encountered are described. Overall, 86.3% of main condition codes matched. Coder comments regarding duplicate codes, missing codes, code finding issues enabled improvements to the ICD-11 Browser, Coding Tool, and Reference Guide. Training is essential for solid IRR with 17,000 diagnostic categories in the new ICD-11. As countries transition to ICD-11, our coding experiences and methods can inform users for implementation or field testing.
High prevalence of resistance to third-generation cephalosporins detected among clinical isolates from sentinel healthcare facilities in Lagos, Nigeria
Authors: Chukwu Emelda E. , Awoderu Oluwatoyin B. , Enwuru Christian A. , Afocha Ebelechukwu E. , Lawal Rahman G. , Ahmed Rahaman A. , Olanrewaju Ishola , Onwuamah Chika K. , Audu Rosemary A. , Ogunsola Folasade T.
Published: November 2022

Background

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in bacterial pathogens is a worldwide concern that demands immediate attention. Most information on AMR originates from high-income countries and little is known about the burden in Africa, particularly Nigeria. Using four sentinel sites (General hospitals) in Lagos State, this study sought to estimate the burden of AMR.

Methods

This is a hospital-based surveillance using secondary health care centres. Four sites were randomly selected and included in the study. Clinical isolates were collected over a period of 6 months for each site from August 2020 to March 2021. All isolates were characterised and analysed for resistance to 15 antibiotics using the Kirby-Baur method. Multiplex PCR assay was used for the detection of Extended spectrum beta lactamase genes. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 27.0.

Results

Four hundred and ninety-nine (499) patients consented and participated in this study, consisting of 412 (82.6%) females and 87 (17.4%) males. The mean age ± SD of the participants was 33.9 ± 13.8 with a range of 1–89 years. The majority (90.8%) of the participants were outpatients. Two hundred and thirty-two (232) isolates were obtained from 219 samples, comprising of 120 (51.7%) Gram positive and 112 (48.3%) Gram negative organisms. Key bacterial pathogens isolated from this study included Staphylococcus aureus (22.8%), Escherichia coli (16.4%), Staphylococcus spp. (15.9%), Enterococcus spp. (7.3%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (6.5%). There was high prevalence of multi-drug resistance (79.3%) among the isolates with 73.6% of Staphylococcus aureus phenotypically resistant to methicillin and 70% possessed the MecA gene. 76.5% of Enterococcus spp. isolated were Vancomycin resistant. Overall, resistance to Cephalosporins was most frequently/commonly observed (Cefotaxime 87.5%).

Conclusion

A high incidence of AMR was identified in clinical bacteria isolates from selected general hospitals in Lagos State, highlighting the necessity for the implementation of national action plans to limit the prevalence of AMR. Surveillance via collection of isolates has a lot of promise, especially in resource-limited environments.
Prognostic potential of liver injury in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy: a retrospective study
Authors: Wang Hai-Yan , Huang Yuan , Chen Xiao-Zhen , Zhang Zi-Lan , Gui Chun
Published: November 2022

Background

Liver injury (LI) has been frequently observed in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), whereas its prognostic value remains blurry. We attempted to appraise the prognostic effect of LI in patients with DCM.

Methods

This retrospective study included 523 patients with DCM. LI was defined as a threefold increase in aspartate transaminase (≥ 135 U/L) or alanine transaminase (≥ 180 U/L) or a twofold increase in total bilirubin (≥ 41 umol/L) during hospitalization. The population was segmented into non-liver injury (NLI) group and LI group based on liver function test data. To balance differences in covariates at baseline, 1:1 propensity score matching (PSM) was performed.

Results

Patients with LI had lower survival rate, compared with those with NLI (44.6% vs. 73.8%, P < 0.001). Similar results were also found in age (age > 50, 39.6% vs. 70.9%, P < 0.001; age ≤ 50, 51.3% vs. 79.5%, P < 0.001) and gender stratified analysis (male, 46.2% vs. 74.4%, P < 0.001; female 35.7% vs. 72.0%, P = 0.001). After PSM, the survival rate of patients with LI remained lower than those with NLI (44.6% vs. 64.1%, P = 0.019). Multivariable Cox regression analysis manifested that LI (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.692, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.194–2.398, P = 0.003; HR: 1.675, 95% CI 1.078–2.604, P = 0.022, respectively) showed potent predictive effect on all-cause mortality in patients with DCM, both before and after PSM.

Conclusions

The occurrence of LI herald adverse outcomes in patients with DCM and attention to LI may be conducive to risk stratification and management.
CMT inversion for small-to-moderate earthquakes applying to dense short-period OBS array at off Ibaraki region
Authors: Yamaya Lina , Mochizuki Kimihiro , Akuhara Takeshi , Takemura Shunsuke , Shinohara Masanao , Yamada Tomoaki
Published: November 2022

We conducted centroid moment tensor (CMT) inversion for small-to-moderate aftershocks in the off Ibaraki region of the 2011 off the Pacific coast of Tohoku earthquake. In this study, we used high-frequency (0.4–1.0 Hz) seismograms from a dense array of short-period ocean bottom seismometers (OBSs) and a reliable three-dimensional (3-D) seismic velocity model. Higher frequency analysis and dense OBS arrays offer CMT solutions with high spatial resolutions. Since our OBS array observed aftershocks occurring immediately following the 2011 off the Pacific coast of Tohoku earthquake, we determined 536 CMT solutions for small-to-moderate aftershocks in the off Ibaraki region (JMA-scale magnitudes of 2.5–4.0). According to our CMT solutions, characteristics of the aftershock activities in the off Ibaraki region are classified into 5 groups: (1) thrust earthquakes, which are considered as interplate earthquakes, separated by the large slip area of the 2011 Ibaraki-oki earthquake (the largest $${\mathrm{M}}_{\mathrm{w}}$$

M
w

7.6 aftershock of the 2011 off the Pacific coast of Tohoku earthquake) and the tectonic tremors; (2) intraslab strike-slip earthquakes located at the north of the fault area of the 2011 Ibaraki-oki earthquake; (3) intraslab normal-fault earthquakes, which suggest a tensional stress field within the subducting Pacific Plate due to the plate bending by the overriding Philippine Sea Plate; (4) various earthquake focal mechanisms above a subducting seamount, which suggest the 3-D complex fractures; and (5) normal-fault earthquakes shallower than the interplate earthquakes, which were possibly caused by the heterogeneity of the subducting seamount.

Graphical Abstract
Ψηφιακοί «Σάϊλοκ» και ομοκανονικότητα στους πολιτισμούς των διαδικτυακών παιχνιδιών
Authors: Λαζαρίδου Ελένη
Published: November 2022

Κατά πόσο οι διαδικτυακοί τόποι αποτελούν χώρους αντιπροσώπευσης και ισότιμης έκφρασης της σεξουαλικής διαφοράς κατασκευασμένους από «εμάς» για «εμάς»; Παρά την πεποίθηση ότι η συμμετοχικότητα των τεχνοπολιτισμών διαμορφώνει συνθήκες συλλογικών και ατομικών διεκδικήσεων, η αλγοριθμική επιμέλεια οριοθετεί την κουήρ ταυτότητα και επιβάλλει μια διαμεσολαβημένη αναπαράσταση που φέρει εγγράφουσες ετεροκανονικές αξίες. Τα ιδεολογικά κατασκευασμένα ψηφιακά περιβάλλοντα επιτρέπουν τη διείσδυση κανονιστικών κοινωνικών προσταγών, διαμορφώνοντας συμπεριφοριστικούς κανόνες επιτέλεσης της κουήρ ταυτότητας. Τα «πολύχρωμα» δρώμενα και σύμβολα της ΛΟΑΤΚΙ+ κοινότητας γίνονται αντικείμενα εμπορευματοποίησης από τις εταιρείες παραγωγής παιχνιδιών, οι οποίες καιροσκοπικά, με συμπεριφορές «Σάιλοκ»2, εγκωμιάζουν το κουήρ αλλά δεν το ενσωματώνουν ουσιαστικά. Η κριτική διερεύνηση των καπιταλιστικών πρακτικών στα ψηφιακά παιχνίδια συμβάλλει στην αποδόμηση της συστημικά θεσμοθετημένης έμφυλης και σεξουαλικής έκφρασης και προάγει τη διαφορετικότητα άνευ όρων, αποκομμένη από τις οριοθετήσεις που επιτάσσει η πει-θαρχημένη κοινωνία.
Βγαίνοντας από το Κάστρο των Βαμπίρ
Authors: Fisher Mark
Published: November 2022

Σε ένα από τα πλέον αγαπητά και μισητά κείμενά του, το «Βγαίνοντας από το Κάστρο των Βαμπίρ», ο Fisher υποστηρίζει ότι, σε μεγάλο βαθμό, o διαδικτυακός αριστερός βασισμένος-στην-ταυτότητα λόγος, εδραιώνεται σε ένα «κυνήγι μαγισσών», ο οποίος ακινητοποιεί τον παραγωγικό αριστερό λόγο και υπονομεύει την ταξική πολιτική. Το Κάστρο των Βαμπίρ είναι μια έννοια του Fisher για να περιγράψει μια νέα περιοχή, όπου η ταυτότητα γίνεται αποκλειστική, υπερβατική και περιοριστική. Επιδιώκοντας να απονείμει ενοχή όπου μπορεί, να απομονώσει, να αποκλείσει και να «αφορίσει», το Κάστρο των Βαμπίρ ακρωτηριάζει το υποκείμενο εγκαλώντας το να αναπτύξει μια μόνιμη αυτοσυνειδησία, απομονώνοντάς το σε μια λογική σολιψισμού που επίμονα υποστηρίζει ότι δεν μπορούμε να καταλάβουμε ο ένας την άλλην αν δεν ανήκουμε στην ίδια ομάδα ταυτότητας. Ο Fisher τάσσεται υπέρ μιας ανορθωμένης αριστερής αλληλεγγύης με την απομάκρυνση από το φαινόμενο της διαδικτυακής κουλτούρας της διαπόμπευσης, και αντ’ αυτού με τον προσανατολισμό της δραστηριότητας στην προσπάθεια για λογοδοσία για την οικονομική μας τάξη, αντί για τα χαρακτηριστικά της ταυτότητας και του πολιτισμού.
European Group on Ethics: μια κοινή ηθική για τις νέες τεχνολογίες;
Authors: Βιδάλης Τάκης
Published: November 2022

N/A
MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF THE PROBLEM OF EQUIPMENT REPLACEMENT
Authors: Koroleva Valentina , Filippov Evgeny , Yachmeneva Valeria , Ziganshin Bulat
Published: November 2022

The study was carried out with the aim of solving the problem of replacing equipment and creating a mathematical model of the problem of controlled optimization, as the most complete and realistic description of the production process. The Bellman principle of optimality was applied in the study, since when solving dynamic programming problems, this principle is general. For the solution, the Bellman functional equation was chosen as the initial mathemat cal model:

The advantage of such a mathematical model is the possibility of modifying the problem. At the first step, it is proposed to sell the replaced equipment at the price (R(tk)-Z(tk))p, 0<p<1, p is the markdown coefficient for the sale. Further, the installed equipment may not be new and purchased at a price ((R(tk)-Z(tk))q, 0<q<1. Here q is the discount factor for purchase and is set at the input. Not new equipment is cheaper than new and sale of replaced equipment also contributes to profits New components must be added to the control vector - the age of the equipment being installed (not new) The control structure becomes more complex and realistic The effect of the "curse of dimensionality" does not appear during numerous tests of the program Three modifications of the problem have been developed on equipment replacement. Replaced equipment is thrown away. You can not throw it away, but sell it at a price (Rk(tk)-Zk(tk))p, where p is a markdown coefficient 0<p<1. You can increase profits if you buy not new equipment The paper considers the option of adding another component to the control vector - "rejuvenating" repair of equipment. After such repair, the age of the equipment becomes, for example, one year less. Repairs are taken from the graph of profit earned versus repair cost, which is obtained from the results of the program runs. Combining the above modifications into a single whole is a mathematical model of the problem of replacing equipment, which is the basis of the program.
Household Credit and Regulatory Arbitrage: Evidence from Online Marketplace Lending
Authors: Braggion Fabio , Manconi Alberto , Zhu Haikun
Published: November 2022

We study the relationship between new intermediaries and regulatory arbitrage, analyzing marketplace credit around a tightening of mortgage loan-to-value (LTV) caps in several cities in China in 2013. Using novel data covering over 20% of Chinese marketplace credit as well as the universe of loans and loan applications at a leading online lending platform, we provide evidence consistent with home buyers borrowing online to bypass the tighter LTV cap. Our findings point to new, lightly regulated financial intermediaries as a driver of household leverage, suggesting that they can open nonnegligible regulatory arbitrage channels.

This paper was accepted by Victoria Ivashina, finance.

Supplemental Material: Data and the online appendix are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.4592 .
Contraception Methods Selection Behavior Among Female Contraception Users
Authors: Susanti Lasiah , Anikoh Wafiq
Published: November 2022

Background: Family Planning aims to regulate childbirth and pregnancy interval by using various contraception methods. Eventhough there is many choice among contraception methods, intramuscular injection is still the most used method. This phenomena happened in Indonesia, nationally and locally in Pekanbaru. The behavior of female users in choosing contraception methods is based on their knowledge and attitude about contraception methods.
Objective: This study purpose is to describe female conctraception users behavior in the selection of contraception methods in Pekanbaru city.
Methods: Research conducted with descriptive observational study design. Sample size is 400, sample was taken by stratified random sampling technique at 12 primary health centers in the city of Pekanbaru.
Results: Results: Results show majority respondents had improper contraception methods selection behavior . Majority respondent is in 30- 39 years age group, with educational attainment high school, and most of them is housewives.
Conclusions: Majority female contraception users in Pekanbaru had improper contraception methods selection behavior
Analisis Pola Asuh Orang Tua Terhadap Penggunaan Smartphone pada Anak Usia Dini Dimasa Pandemi Covid-19 di Kelompok BKB Vatika Samarinda
Authors: Al'fani Ade , Rosdiana Rosdiana , Hanita Hanita
Published: November 2022

Backround: Parenting patterns during the pandemic are very much needed, both parents who work from home or who have started to go to work, need assistance and guidance when children are given smartphones so that children can follow the development of information media and technology positively.
Objective: The purpose of this study was to analyze the type of parenting style for the use of smartphones in early childhood during the Covid-19 pandemic in the Vatika Family Development Group (BKB) in Sungai Kunjang District in 2021.
Methods: The method used in this study was a qualitative method with a study approach. cases through interview and observation techniques on 6 informants, namely 3 parents of Vatika Family Development Group members who work, 2 caregivers who work with these parents, and 1 family member of the parents.
Results: Based on the results of data analysis and discussion, in terms of smartphone use, the three main informants tend to be permissive because they allow children to use smartphones excessively, and there are no strict rules, controls, and supervision on the use of smartphones in their children so that children often play smartphones with intensity. tall one. This makes the child experience symptoms such as stinging in the eyes and pain in the neck.
Conclusion: Parents do not provide strict and strict rules, but only situational, parents also lack supervision and assistance for children in using Smartphones. So that children play Smartphones with high intensity, so they are often seen experiencing eye fatigue
Few-mode erbium-doped fiber amplifier based on a multi-inclusions core optical fiber
Authors: Trinel Jean-Baptiste , Yammine Jean , Le Cocq Guillaume , Bouwmans Géraud , Andresen Esben Ravn , Cassez Andy , Plus Stéphane , Quiquempois Yves , Labroille Guillaume , Bigot Laurent
Published: November 2022

In this work, we demonstrate and evaluate a new design of micro-structured core erbium-doped few-mode fiber to be used as optical amplifier in the context of mode-division multiplexing. This concept is proposed so as to better control the distribution of the Er3+ ions in the core area, thus permitting to adjust the overall differential modal gains between the different signal modes. The design presented here consists of 19 erbium-doped inclusions embedded in a pedestal geometry guiding 10 modes in the C-band. It has been optimized numerically so as to reach the equalized amplification of all the signal modes. The fiber has been realized and combined with custom-made dual-wavelength mode multiplexers based on multi-plane light conversion to shape the signal and pump beams. Amplification properties have finally been evaluated experimentally.
Ultrasensitive optofluidic coupled Fabry–Perot capillary sensors
Authors: Zhao Xuyang , Zhou Yi , Li Yuxiang , Guo Junhong , Liu Zhiran , Luo Man , Guo Zhihe , Yang Xi , Zhang Meng , Wang You , Wu Xiang
Published: November 2022

Refractive index (RI) measurements are pertinent in concentration and biomolecular detection. Accordingly, an ultrasensitive optofluidic coupled Fabry–Perot (FP) capillary sensor based on the Vernier effect for RI sensing is proposed. Square capillaries integrated with the coupled FP microcavity provide multiple microfluidic channels while reducing the complexity of the fabrication process. The incoherent light source and spectrometer used during measurement facilitate the development of a low-cost sensing system. An ultrahigh RI sensitivity of 51709.0 nm/RIU and detection limit of 2.84 × 10−5 RIU are experimentally demonstrated, indicating acceptable RI sensing performance. The proposed sensor has significant potential for practical and low-cost applications such as RI, concentration, or biomolecular sensing.
Influence of a pinhole diameter on the experimental determination of critical power for femtosecond filamentation in air
Authors: Ji Longfei , Liang Wei , Li Deming , Chang Junwei , Li Dongwei , Zhang Lanzhi , Xi Tingting , Hao Zuoqiang
Published: November 2022

Filamentation of intense femtosecond laser pulses in optical media has attracted great attention due to its various unique characteristics and potential applications. It is an important task to determine the critical power for the filamentation especially in many applications, which can be obtained by evaluating the transmitted pulse energy through a pinhole located in the filamentation region as a function of input laser energy. The pinhole diameter is very crucial to the measurement. However, there is no report on the experimental determination of critical power for filamentation in air by using the pinhole method and the influence of the pinhole diameter on the determination. In this paper, we numerically and experimentally investigate the influence of pinhole diameter on the determination of the filamentation critical power. The obtained critical power tends to a reasonable value as the decrease of the pinhole diameter, because the transmitted energy through the pinhole with a smaller diameter is more sensitive to the change of energy distribution in the beam cross section during the beginning process of filamentation. Under our experimental condition, the pinhole diameter as small as ∼50 µm is applicable to be used to determine the critical power for filamentation of femtosecond laser pulses in air.
Wavelength tuning of solid-state continuous-wave single frequency 1.5 µm laser by manipulating net gain spectra
Authors: Yao Zijian , Li Yuanji , Liu Kunlun , Feng Jinxia , Zhang Kuanshou
Published: November 2022

A wavelength tuning method suitable to watt-level continuous-wave single frequency solid-state laser (CWSFL) at 1.5 µm was proposed. Based on a dual-gain-medium resonator design, the laser wavelength can be tuned by manipulating the combined net gain spectrum. Comparing with the traditional tuning method, the wavelength tuning range was eight times broader and extended to 0.438 nm, the maximum laser power was raised up to 0.64 W, which was the highest record for the 1.5 µm CWSFL to the best of our knowledge. The laser intensity noise reached the shot noise limit at the analysis frequency above 3.5 MHz. Wider wavelength tuning band of 5.58 nm can be expected when the same resonator design including two gain media with different doped concentrations was used, according to our theory.
Phase-to-pattern inverse design for a fast realization of a functional metasurface by combining a deep neural network and a genetic algorithm
Authors: Wu Genhao , Si Liming , Xu Haoyang , Niu Rong , Zhuang Yaqiang , Sun Houjun , Ding Jun
Published: November 2022

Metasurface provides an unprecedented means to manipulate electromagnetic waves within a two-dimensional planar structure. Traditionally, the design of meta-atom follows the pattern-to-phase paradigm, which requires a time-consuming brute-forcing process. In this work, we present a fast inverse meta-atom design method for the phase-to-pattern mapping by combining the deep neural network (DNN) and genetic algorithm (GA). The trained classification DNN with an accuracy of 92% controls the population generated by the GA within an arbitrary preset small phase range, which could greatly enhance the optimization efficiency with less iterations and a higher accuracy. As proof-of-concept demonstrations, two reflective functional metasurfaces including an orbital angular momentum generator and a metalens have been numerically investigated. The simulated results agree very well with the design goals. In addition, the metalens is also experimentally validated. The proposed method could pave a new avenue for the fast design of the meta-atoms and functional meta-devices.
Hippo signaling pathway activation during SARS-CoV-2 infection contributes to host antiviral response
Authors: Garcia Gustavo , Jeyachandran Arjit Vijey , Wang Yijie , Irudayam Joseph Ignatius , Cario Sebastian Castillo , Sen Chandani , Li Shen , Li Yunfeng , Kumar Ashok , Nielsen-Saines Karin , French Samuel W. , Shah Priya S. , Morizono Kouki , Gomperts Brigitte N. , Deb Arjun , Ramaiah Arunachalam , Arumugaswami Vaithilingaraja
Published: November 2022

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), responsible for the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, causes respiratory failure and damage to multiple organ systems. The emergence of viral variants poses a risk of vaccine failures and prolongation of the pandemic. However, our understanding of the molecular basis of SARS-CoV-2 infection and subsequent COVID-19 pathophysiology is limited. In this study, we have uncovered a critical role for the evolutionarily conserved Hippo signaling pathway in COVID-19 pathogenesis. Given the complexity of COVID-19-associated cell injury and immunopathogenesis processes, we investigated Hippo pathway dynamics in SARS-CoV-2 infection by utilizing COVID-19 lung samples and human cell models based on pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (PSC-CMs) and human primary lung air–liquid interface (ALI) cultures. SARS-CoV-2 infection caused activation of the Hippo signaling pathway in COVID-19 lung and in vitro cultures. Both parental and Delta variant of concern (VOC) strains induced Hippo pathway. The chemical inhibition and gene knockdown of upstream kinases MST1/2 and LATS1 resulted in significantly enhanced SARS-CoV-2 replication, indicating antiviral roles. Verteporfin, a pharmacological inhibitor of the Hippo pathway downstream transactivator, YAP, significantly reduced virus replication. These results delineate a direct antiviral role for Hippo signaling in SARS-CoV-2 infection and the potential for this pathway to be pharmacologically targeted to treat COVID-19.
Effects of changes in short-term human cognition on reported healthcare utilisation
Authors: Iles Richard A. , Marsh Thomas L. , Thumbi S. M. , Palmer Guy H.
Published: November 2022

Growing empirical evidence indicates that financial anxiety causes reductions in short-term cognitive capacity. Results from urban communities in Delhi, India show sizable differences in the number of health events recalled between the poor and non-poor respondents over experimentally controlled recall periods. One explanation for this recall difference is ‘poor memory’. Such results provide additional reasons for healthy skepticism of the accuracy of self-reported health survey data. The present research identifies which forms of cognitive capacity are related to health event recall and assesses the roles of poverty and illiteracy as mediating variables. Results indicate that underreporting of health events among the poor in rural Kenya is not solely due to ‘poor memory’. Data used comes from a repeated cross-sectional study conducted in Samburu county, Kenya over 10-months between 2017–2018. This period coincided with the ending of a protracted and severe drought in East Africa. The results presented in the current study confirm the poor and non-poor distinction, but provide a more detailed cognitive explanation for such results. Reflective throught, as measured by fluid intelligence and heuristic use, is shown to be good predictors of fever recall among relatively poor rura communities in central Kenya.
Prevalence and factors associated with anogenital warts among sexual and gender minorities attending a trusted community health center in Lagos, Nigeria
Authors: Adebajo Sylvia B. , Nowak Rebecca G. , Adebiyi Ruxton , Shoyemi Elizabeth , Ekeh Charles , Ramadhani Habib O. , Gaydos Charlotte A. , Ake Julie A. , Baral Stefan D. , Charurat Manhattan E. , Crowell Trevor A. ,   for the TRUST/RV368 Study Group
Published: November 2022

Anogenital warts caused by human papillomavirus are common in sexual and gender minorities (SGM). The prevalence of, and factors associated with warts were described for SGM with a high burden of HIV in Nigeria. Individuals who reported anal sex with men were enrolled in the TRUST/RV368 cohort. Participants completed an interviewer-led survey, provided biological samples, and had a physical examination. Specific to the Lagos site, clinic staff offered standardized warts treatment services. RDS-weighted multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate the adjusted odds ratios (AORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for factors potentially associated with anogenital warts. Of 672 enrolled SGM, 478 (71%) engaged in warts services and had complete data. The median age (interquartile range) was 22 (20–26) years, 272 (52%) initiated sex before age 18, and 347 (79%) were cisgender men. Multiple male sexual partners in the previous year were reported by 448 (90%) of the participants, and 342 (66%) were living with HIV. Warts were diagnosed in 252 (54%), including anal warts in 234 (43%) and penile warts in 44 (8%); 26 (5%) had both anal and penile warts. Factors independently associated with warts included HIV (AOR:2.97; CI:1.44–6.14), engaging in receptive anal sex (AOR:3.49; CI:1.25–9.75), having multiple male sexual partners (AOR:7.26; CI:2.11–24.87), age at sexual debut (AOR:0.53; CI:0.28–0.98), and non-binary gender identity (AOR:0.20; CI:0.05–0.71). Warts were common among SGM in Nigeria, particularly those living with HIV. Administration of HPV vaccination before sexual debut or as a catch-up vaccination may prevent HPV-associated complications.
Estimating the infection burden of COVID-19 in Malaysia
Authors: Jayaraj Vivek Jason , Ng Chiu-Wan , Bulgiba Awang , Appannan Maheshwara Rao , Rampal Sanjay
Published: November 2022

Malaysia has reported 2.75 million cases and 31,485 deaths as of 30 December 2021. Underestimation remains an issue due to the underdiagnosis of mild and asymptomatic cases. We aimed to estimate the burden of COVID-19 cases in Malaysia based on an adjusted case fatality rate (aCFR). Data on reported cases and mortalities were collated from the Ministry of Health official GitHub between 1 March 2020 and 30 December 2021. We estimated the total and age-stratified monthly incidence rates, mortality rates, and aCFR. Estimated new infections were inferred from the age-stratified aCFR. The total estimated infections between 1 March 2020 and 30 December 2021 was 9,955,000-cases (95% CI: 6,626,000–18,985,000). The proportion of COVID-19 infections in ages 0–11, 12–17, 18–50, 51–65, and above 65 years were 19.9% (n = 1,982,000), 2.4% (n = 236,000), 66.1% (n = 6,577,000), 9.1% (n = 901,000), 2.6% (n = 256,000), respectively. Approximately 32.8% of the total population in Malaysia was estimated to have been infected with COVID-19 by the end of December 2021. These estimations highlight a more accurate infection burden in Malaysia. It provides the first national-level prevalence estimates in Malaysia that adjusted for underdiagnosis. Naturally acquired community immunity has increased, but approximately 68.1% of the population remains susceptible. Population estimates of the infection burden are critical to determine the need for booster doses and calibration of public health measures.
Health risk implications of iron in wastewater soil-food crops grown in the vicinity of peri urban areas of the District Sargodha
Authors: Akhtar Shahzad , Luqman Muhammad , Farooq Awan Muhammad Umer , Saba Iram , Khan Zafar Iqbal , Ahmad Kafeel , Muneeb Ahmed , Nadeem Muhammad , Batool Aima Iram , Shahzadi Mahpara , Memona Hafsa , Ahmad Shad Hazoor , Mustafa Ghulam , Zubair Rana Muhammad
Published: November 2022

Irrigation using sewage water can be beneficial, as it can increase the productivity of crops but has negative consequences on crops, soil contamination, and human health. It contains a variety of toxins, such as chemicals and heavy metals, which damage the soil and crops. In this regard, the aim of the research was to assess the potential health hazards of iron (Fe) metal in food crops (leafy and root crops) treated with wastewater (T_1), canal water (T_2), and tube well water (T_3). Water, soil, and edible components of food crops were collected at random from three distinct locations. Fe concentration in samples was estimated using atomic absorption spectrophotometer, following wet digestion method. The Fe concentrations, ranged from 0.408 to 1.03 mg/l in water, 31.55 to 187.47 mgkg-1 in soil and 4.09 to 32.583 mgkg-1 in crop samples; which were within permissible limits of the World Health Organization (WHO). There was a positive correlation between soils and crops. The bioconcentration factor, enrichment factor (EF), daily intake of metals (DIM), health risk index (HRI), and target hazard quotient (THQ) all values were <1, except for a pollution load index >1, which indicated soil contamination, but there was no Fe toxicity in crops, no health risk, and no-carcinogenic risk for these food crops in humans. To prevent the excessive accumulation of Fe metal in the food chain, regular monitoring is needed.
Association of frailty with outcomes of resection for colonic volvulus: A national analysis
Authors: Ebrahimian Shayan , Lee Cory , Tran Zachary , Sakowitz Sara , Bakhtiyar Syed Shahyan , Verma Arjun , Tillou Areti , Benharash Peyman , Lee Hanjoo
Published: November 2022

Background

With limited national studies available, we characterized the association of frailty with outcomes of surgical resection for colonic volvulus.

Methods

Adults with sigmoid or cecal volvulus undergoing non-elective colectomy were identified in the 2010–2019 Nationwide Readmissions Database. Frailty was identified using the Johns Hopkins indicator which utilizes administrative codes. Multivariable models were developed to examine the association of frailty with in-hospital mortality, perioperative complications, stoma use, length of stay, hospitalization costs, non-home discharge, and 30-day non-elective readmissions.

Results

An estimated 66,767 patients underwent resection for colonic volvulus (Sigmoid: 39.6%; Cecal: 60.4%). Using the Johns Hopkins indicator, 30.3% of patients with sigmoid volvulus and 15.9% of those with cecal volvulus were considered frail. After adjustment, frail patients had higher risk of mortality compared to non-frail in both sigmoid (10.6% [95% CI 9.47–11.7] vs 5.7% [95% CI 5.2–6.2]) and cecal (10.4% [95% CI 9.2–11.6] vs 3.5% [95% CI 3.2–3.8]) volvulus cohorts. Frailty was associated with greater odds of acute venous thromboembolism occurrences (Sigmoid: AOR 1.50 [95% CI 1.18–1.94]; Cecal: AOR 2.0 [95% CI 1.50–2.72]), colostomy formation (Sigmoid: AOR 1.73 [95% CI 1.57–1.91]; Cecal: AOR 1.48 [95% CI 1.10–2.00]), non-home discharge (Sigmoid: AOR 1.97 [95% CI 1.77–2.20]; Cecal: AOR 2.56 [95% CI 2.27–2.89]), and 30-day readmission (Sigmoid: AOR 1.15 [95% CI 1.01–1.30]; Cecal: AOR 1.26 [95% CI 1.10–1.45]). Frailty was associated with incremental increase in length of stay (Sigmoid: +3.4 days [95% CI 2.8–3.9]; Cecal: +3.8 days [95% CI 3.3–4.4]) and costs (Sigmoid: +$7.5k [95% CI 5.9–9.1]; Cecal: +$12.1k [95% CI 10.1–14.1]).

Conclusion

Frailty, measured using a simplified administrative tool, is associated with significantly worse clinical and financial outcomes following non-elective resections for colonic volvulus. Standard assessment of frailty may aid risk-stratification, better inform shared-decision making, and guide healthcare teams in targeted resource allocation in this vulnerable patient population.
Performance Generating Systems in Dance: Dramaturgy, Psychology, and Performativity
Authors: Hansen Pil
Published: November 2022

Analyzes the self-organizing dramaturgies of dance works that generate performance systematically. Provides effective resources for those who wish to study or realize the potential of performance generating systems in dance within the fields of choreography and dance dramaturgy, dance education, community dance, or dance psychology.
‘Wolves of the Krypteia’: Lycanthropy and right-wing extremism in metal’s reception of ancient Greece and Rome
Authors: Swist Jeremy
Published: November 2022

Metal’s pervasive (were)wolf motifs are key hermeneutics for the reception of classical antiquity by right-wing bands. Continuities of lupine themes and romanticization of Sparta and Rome exist between fascist Germany and Italy, contemporary far-right political and pagan organizations, and bands that combine these two subjects in a unique but consistent way. Also inspired by Nietzsche, Evola and social Darwinists, bands such as Der Stürmer, Kataxu and Spearhead trace their biological and spiritual ancestry to Sparta, emulating their lycanthropic militarism and racial terrorism. Bands such as Hesperia, Diocletian and Deströyer 666 utilize Roman wolf iconography to promote the destruction of civilization and return to ‘natural’ hierarchies. Like their fascist predecessors, these artists perpetuate patriarchal and racist distortions of both lupine behaviour and ancient Mediterranean civilizations. Such constructions nevertheless extend from the resonance of both wolves and classical antiquity with metal’s common themes of transgression, hypermasculinity, elitism and nostalgia for premodernity.
Análisis musi-visual de Blancanieves (2012) de Pablo Berger desde las propuestas analíticas de Ruiz Antón (2017) y Fraile Prieto (2004)
Authors: Lorenzo Lancho Andrea
Published: November 2022

La peculiar versión española de Blancanieves (2012) de Pablo Berger destaca entre otros aspectos audiovisuales, por su banda sonora como un elemento indispensable narrativamente. Por ello, se analiza musical-visualmente las canciones originales en sus partes de metraje, aunque también ha sido necesario relacionarlo con el resto de la banda sonora. El análisis musical-visual lo creamos desde las propuestas analíticas de Ruíz Antón (2017) y Fraile Prieto (2004). Se ha completado el estudio de las canciones originales con entrevistas hacia los compositores, los músicos y el director de la película. La combinación de teorías de ambos autoras, nos ha permitido cubrir todos los campos de análisis musical, visual y narrativo. Los testigos y formas de trabajo interpretados de los medios de comunicación, han sido una fuente fundamental para comprender el uso de las canciones originales. Se ha confirmado que en dichas secuencias las funciones no son únicas, sino que se superponen. Se ha concluido que el concepto metatexto de Fraile Prieto, es elemental para comprender el arco emocional de los personajes, y el uso de dichas canciones más allá de la secuencia en la que aparece por primera vez, al significarse indirectamente en otros momentos.