bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fatigue database of additively manufactured alloys
Authors: Zhang Zian , Xu Zhiping
Published: May 2023

Fatigue is a process of mechanical degradation that is usually assessed based on empirical rules and experimental data obtained from standardized tests. Fatigue data of engineering materials are commonly reported in S-N (the stress-life relation), ε-N (the strain-life relation), and da/dN-ΔK (the relation between the fatigue crack growth rate and the stress intensity factor range) data. Fatigue and static mechanical properties of additively manufactured (AM) alloys, as well as the types of materials, parameters of AM, processing, and testing are collected from thousands of scientific articles till the end of 2022 using natural language processing, machine learning, and computer vision techniques. The results show that the performance of AM alloys could reach that of conventional alloys although data dispersion and system deviation are present. The database (FatigueData-AM2022) is formatted in compact structures, hosted in an open repository, and analyzed to show their patterns and statistics. The quality of data collected from the literature is measured by defining rating scores for datasets reported in individual studies and through the fill rates of data entries across all the datasets. The database also serves as a high-quality training set for data processing using machine learning models. The procedures of data extraction and analysis are outlined and the tools are publicly released. A unified language of fatigue data is suggested to regulate data reporting for the fatigue performance of materials to facilitate data sharing and the development of open science.
Modeling the antidepressant treatment response to transcranial magnetic stimulation using an exponential decay function
Authors: Berlow Yosef A. , Zandvakili Amin , Brennan McKenna C. , Williams Leanne M. , Price Lawrence H. , Philip Noah S.
Published: May 2023

Recovery from depression often demonstrates a nonlinear pattern of treatment response, where the largest reduction in symptoms is observed early followed by smaller improvements. This study investigated whether this exponential pattern could model the antidepressant response to repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). Symptom ratings from 97 patients treated with TMS for depression were collected at baseline and after every five sessions. A nonlinear mixed-effects model was constructed using an exponential decay function. This model was also applied to group-level data from several published clinical trials of TMS for treatment-resistant depression. These nonlinear models were compared to corresponding linear models. In our clinical sample, response to TMS was well modeled with the exponential decay function, yielding significant estimates for all parameters and demonstrating superior fit compared to a linear model. Similarly, when applied to multiple studies comparing TMS modalities as well as to previously identified treatment response trajectories, the exponential decay models yielded consistently better fits compared to linear models. These results demonstrate that the antidepressant response to TMS follows a nonlinear pattern of improvement that is well modeled with an exponential decay function. This modeling offers a simple and useful framework to inform clinical decisions and future studies.
Dreams share phenomenological similarities with task-unrelated thoughts and relate to variation in trait rumination and COVID-19 concern
Authors: Raffaelli Quentin , Andrews Eric S. , Cegavske Caitlin C. , Abraham Freya F. , Edgin Jamie O. , Andrews-Hanna Jessica R.
Published: May 2023

While recent neurocognitive theories have proposed links between dreams and waking life, it remains unclear what kinds of waking thoughts are most similar in their phenomenological characteristics to those of dreams. To investigate this question and examine relevance of dreams to significant personal concerns and dispositional mental health traits, we employed ecological momentary assessment and trait questionnaires across 719 young adults who completed the study during the COVID-19 pandemic, a time marked by considerable societal concern. Across the group and at the level of individual differences, dreams showed the highest correspondence with task-unrelated thoughts. Participants who self-reported greater COVID-19 concern rated their dreams as more negative and unconstructive, a relationship which was moderated by trait rumination. Furthermore, dreams perceived as more negative unconstructive and immersive in nature associated with increased trait rumination beyond variation in rumination explained by waking task-unrelated thoughts alone. Together, these results point to similarities between perceived characteristics of dreams and task-unrelated thoughts, and support a relationship between dreams, current concerns, and mental health.
Functional characterization of the phosphotransferase system in Parageobacillus thermoglucosidasius
Authors: Bidart Gonzalo N. , Gharabli Hani , Welner Ditte Hededam
Published: May 2023

Parageobacillus thermoglucosidasius is a thermophilic bacterium characterized by rapid growth, low nutrient requirements, and amenability to genetic manipulation. These characteristics along with its ability to ferment a broad range of carbohydrates make P. thermoglucosidasius a potential workhorse in whole-cell biocatalysis. The phosphoenolpyruvate:carbohydrate phosphotransferase system (PTS) catalyzes the transport and phosphorylation of carbohydrates and sugar derivatives in bacteria, making it important for their physiological characterization. In this study, the role of PTS elements on the catabolism of PTS and non-PTS substrates was investigated for P. thermoglucosidasius DSM 2542. Knockout of the common enzyme I, part of all PTSs, showed that arbutin, cellobiose, fructose, glucose, glycerol, mannitol, mannose, N-acetylglucosamine, N-acetylmuramic acid, sorbitol, salicin, sucrose, and trehalose were PTS-dependent on translocation and coupled to phosphorylation. The role of each putative PTS was investigated and six PTS-deletion variants could not grow on arbutin, mannitol, N-acetylglucosamine, sorbitol, and trehalose as the main carbon source, or showed diminished growth on N-acetylmuramic acid. We concluded that PTS is a pivotal factor in the sugar metabolism of P. thermoglucosidasius and established six PTS variants important for the translocation of specific carbohydrates. This study lays the groundwork for engineering efforts with P. thermoglucosidasius towards efficient utilization of diverse carbon substrates for whole-cell biocatalysis.
Plant extracts have dual mechanism on the protection against dentine erosion: action on the dentine substrate and modification of the salivary pellicle
Authors: Niemeyer Samira Helena , Baumann Tommy , Lussi Adrian , Scaramucci Tais , Carvalho Thiago Saads
Published: May 2023

To investigate the effect of some polyphenol-rich plant extracts on the protection of dentine against demineralization, both acting on the dentine and on the salivary pellicle. Dentine specimens (n = 180) were randomly distributed into 6 experimental groups (n = 30/group): Control (deionized water), Açaí extract, Blueberry extract, Green tea extract, Grape seed extract, and Sn2+/F− (mouthrinse containing stannous and fluoride). Each group was further divided into two subgroups (n = 15), according to the site of action of the substance: on the dentine surface (D) or on the salivary pellicle (P). The specimens were submitted to 10 cycles: 30 min incubation in human saliva (P) or only in humid chamber (D), 2 min immersion in experimental substances, 60 min of incubation in saliva (P) or not (D), and 1 min erosive challenge. Dentine surface loss (DSL), amount of degraded collagen (dColl) and total calcium release were analyzed. Green tea, Grape seed and Sn2+/F− showed significant protection, with least DSL and dColl. The Sn2+/F− showed better protection on D than on P, whereas Green tea and Grape seed showed a dual mode of action, with good results on D, and even better on P. Sn2+/F− showed the lowest values of calcium release, not differing only from Grape seed. Sn2+/F− is more effective when acting directly on the dentine surface, while Green tea and Grape seed have a dual mode of action: with a positive effect on the dentine surface itself, but an improved efficacy in the presence of the salivary pellicle. We further elucidate the mechanism of action of different active ingredients on dentine erosion, where Sn2+/F− acts better on the dentine surface, but plant extracts have a dual mode of action, acting on the dentine itself as well as on the salivary pellicle, improving the protection against acid demineralization.
Changes in body perception following virtual object manipulation are accompanied by changes of the internal reference scale
Authors: Kirsch Wladimir , Kunde Wilfried
Published: May 2023

Changes in body perception often arise when observers are confronted with related yet discrepant multisensory signals. Some of these effects are interpreted as outcomes of sensory integration of various signals, whereas related biases are ascribed to learning-dependent recalibration of coding individual signals. The present study explored whether the same sensorimotor experience entails changes in body perception that are indicative of multisensory integration and those that indicate recalibration. Participants enclosed visual objects by a pair of visual cursors controlled by finger movements. Then either they judged their perceived finger posture (indicating multisensory integration) or they produced a certain finger posture (indicating recalibration). An experimental variation of the size of the visual object resulted in systematic and opposite biases of the perceived and produced finger distances. This pattern of results is consistent with the assumption that multisensory integration and recalibration had a common origin in the task we used.
Comparison of ozonesonde measurements in the upper troposphere and lower Stratosphere in Northern India with reanalysis and chemistry-climate-model data
Authors: Fadnavis Suvarna , Sagalgile Archana , Sonbawne Sunil , Vogel Bärbel , Peter Thomas , Wienhold Frank G. , Dirksen Ruud , Oelsner Peter , Naja Manish , Müller Rolf
Published: May 2023

The variability and trend of ozone (O3) in the Upper troposphere and Lower Stratosphere (UTLS) over the Asian region needs to be accurately quantified. Ozone in the UTLS radiatively heats this region and cools the upper parts of the stratosphere. This results in an impact on relative humidity, static stability in the UTLS region and tropical tropopause temperature. A major challenge for understanding ozone chemistry in the UTLS is sparse observations and thus the representation of precursor gases in model emission inventories. Here, we evaluate ozonesonde measurements during August 2016 at Nainital, in the Himalayas, against ozone from multiple reanalyses and the ECHAM6-HAMMOZ model. We find that compared to measurements both reanalyses and ECHAM6-HAMMOZ control simulation overestimate ozone mixing ratios in the troposphere (20 ppb) and in the UTLS (55 ppb). We performed sensitivity simulations using the ECHAM6-HAMMOZ model for a 50% reduction in the emission of (1) NOx and (2) VOCs. The model simulations with NOXreduction agree better with the ozonesonde observations in the lower troposphere and in the UTLS. Thus, neither reanalyses nor ECHAM6-HAMMOZ results can reproduce observed O3over the South Asian region. For a better representation of O3in the ECHAM6-HAMMOZ model, NOXemission should be reduced by 50% in the emission inventory. A larger number of observations of ozone and precursor gases over the South Asian region would improve the assessment of ozone chemistry in models.
Charge-density wave associated with higher-order Fermi-surface nesting in monolayer VS2
Authors: Kawakami Tappei , Sugawara Katsuaki , Oka Hirofumi , Nakayama Kosuke , Yaegashi Ken , Souma Seigo , Takahashi Takashi , Fukumura Tomoteru , Sato Takafumi
Published: May 2023

Fermi-surface (FS) nesting originating from Peierls’ idea of electronic instabilities in one-dimensional materials is a key concept to stabilize charge-density wave (CDW), whereas its applicability to two-dimensional (2D) materials is under intensive debate. Here we report unusual CDW associated with the higher-order FS nesting in monolayer 2D VS2. Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and scanning tunneling microscopy uncovered stripe CDW with $$\sqrt {21} R10.9^\circ \times \sqrt 3 R30^\circ$$

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periodicity together with an energy-gap opening on the entire FS. We suggest that this CDW involves the higher-order FS-nesting vector 2q twice larger than that of the normal one (q), as supported by the anomalies in the calculated phonon dispersion and electronic susceptibility. The present results suggest that the cooperation of q and 2q nesting leads to the fully gapped CDW state unlike the case of conventional single q nesting which produces a partial gap, pointing to an intriguing mechanism of CDW transition.
Adaptive mechanisms facilitate robust performance in noise and in reverberation in an auditory categorization model
Authors: Parida Satyabrata , Liu Shi Tong , Sadagopan Srivatsun
Published: May 2023

For robust vocalization perception, the auditory system must generalize over variability in vocalization production as well as variability arising from the listening environment (e.g., noise and reverberation). We previously demonstrated using guinea pig and marmoset vocalizations that a hierarchical model generalized over production variability by detecting sparse intermediate-complexity features that are maximally informative about vocalization category from a dense spectrotemporal input representation. Here, we explore three biologically feasible model extensions to generalize over environmental variability: (1) training in degraded conditions, (2) adaptation to sound statistics in the spectrotemporal stage and (3) sensitivity adjustment at the feature detection stage. All mechanisms improved vocalization categorization performance, but improvement trends varied across degradation type and vocalization type. One or more adaptive mechanisms were required for model performance to approach the behavioral performance of guinea pigs on a vocalization categorization task. These results highlight the contributions of adaptive mechanisms at multiple auditory processing stages to achieve robust auditory categorization.
Mirror proteorhodopsins
Authors: Okhrimenko Ivan S. , Kovalev Kirill , Petrovskaya Lada E. , Ilyinsky Nikolay S. , Alekseev Alexey A. , Marin Egor , Rokitskaya Tatyana I. , Antonenko Yuri N. , Siletsky Sergey A. , Popov Petr A. , Zagryadskaya Yuliya A. , Soloviov Dmytro V. , Chizhov Igor V. , Zabelskii Dmitrii V. , Ryzhykau Yury L. , Vlasov Alexey V. , Kuklin Alexander I. , Bogorodskiy Andrey O. , Mikhailov Anatolii E. , Sidorov Daniil V. , Bukhalovich Siarhei , Tsybrov Fedor , Bukhdruker Sergey , Vlasova Anastasiia D. , Borshchevskiy Valentin I. , Dolgikh Dmitry A. , Kirpichnikov Mikhail P. , Bamberg Ernst , Gordeliy Valentin I.
Published: May 2023

Proteorhodopsins (PRs), bacterial light-driven outward proton pumps comprise the first discovered and largest family of rhodopsins, they play a significant role in life on the Earth. A big remaining mystery was that up-to-date there was no described bacterial rhodopsins pumping protons at acidic pH despite the fact that bacteria live in different pH environment. Here we describe conceptually new bacterial rhodopsins which are operating as outward proton pumps at acidic pH. A comprehensive function-structure study of a representative of a new clade of proton pumping rhodopsins which we name “mirror proteorhodopsins”, fromSphingomonas paucimobilis(SpaR) shows cavity/gate architecture of the proton translocation pathway rather resembling channelrhodopsins than the known rhodopsin proton pumps. Another unique property of mirror proteorhodopsins is that proton pumping is inhibited by a millimolar concentration of zinc. We also show that mirror proteorhodopsins are extensively represented in opportunistic multidrug resistant human pathogens, plant growth-promoting and zinc solubilizing bacteria. They may be of optogenetic interest.
Real-time imaging of sulfhydryl single-stranded DNA aggregation
Authors: Zeng Fanwei , Jiang Youhong , He Nana , Guo Tiantian , Zhao Tiqing , Qu Mi , Sun Yue , Chen Shuting , Wang Dan , Luo Yong , Chu Guangwen , Chen Jianfeng , Sun Shi-Gang , Liao Hong-Gang
Published: May 2023

The structure and functionality of biomacromolecules are often regulated by chemical bonds, however, the regulation process and underlying mechanisms have not been well understood. Here, by using in situ liquid-phase transmission electron microscopy (LP-TEM), we explored the function of disulfide bonds during the self-assembly and structural evolution of sulfhydryl single-stranded DNA (SH-ssDNA). Sulfhydryl groups could induce self-assembly of SH-ssDNA into circular DNA containing disulfide bonds (SS-cirDNA). In addition, the disulfide bond interaction triggered the aggregation of two SS-cirDNA macromolecules along with significant structural changes. This visualization strategy provided structure information at nanometer resolution in real time and space, which could benefit future biomacromolecules research.
Biomaterials-based immunomodulation enhances survival of murine vascularized composite allografts
Authors: Sommerfeld Sven D. , Zhou Xianyu , Mejías Joscelyn C. , Oh Byoung Chol , Maestas David R. , Furtmüller Georg J. , Laffont Philippe A. , Elisseeff Jennifer H. , Brandacher Gerald
Published: May 2023

ECM biomaterial implanted at the wound interface during a mouse hind limb allograft transplant improves allograft tolerance by working synergistically with costimulatory blockade (CTLA4-Ig) to modulate the local immune response.
A field-validated equilibrium passive sampler for the monitoring of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in sediment pore water and surface water
Authors: Medon Blessing , Pautler Brent G. , Sweett Alexander , Roberts Jeff , Risacher Florent F. , D'Agostino Lisa A. , Conder Jason , Gauthier Jeremy R. , Mabury Scott A. , Patterson Andrew , McIsaac Patricia , Mitzel Robert , Hakimabadi Seyfollah Gilak , Pham Anh Le-Tuan
Published: May 2023

A simple equilibrium passive sampler, consisting of water in an inert container capped with a rate-limiting barrier, for the monitoring of PFAS in sediment pore water and surface water was developed and tested through a series of laboratory and field experiments.
Terahertz charge transport dynamics in 3D graphene networks with localization and band regimes
Authors: Kumar Prabhat , Šilhavík Martin , Parida Manas R. , Němec Hynek , Červenka Jiří , Kužel Petr
Published: May 2023

3D Graphene aerogels add high porosity and elasticity to the optoelectronics of the graphene family materials. Their charge carrier transport is governed by an interplay of the hopping and Drude-like intraband conductivity.
tBuOK/DMSO/O2catalyzed direct α-C(sp3)–H alkylation with styrenes: productive α-amino radicals for hydroaminoalkylation
Authors: Yan Zhangqiang , Zhang Zhen , Wen Tao , Ye Lihua , Jin Bo , Zhang Chihong , Wang Wenkun , Chen Zhong-Ning , Cai Hu
Published: May 2023

Direct α-C(sp3)–H alkylation of hydroaminoalkylation (HAA) catalyzed bytBuOK/DMSO/O2from α-aryl benzylamines with styrenes is reported.
Direct observation of the dynamic reconstructed active phase of perovskite LaNiO3 for the oxygen-evolution reaction
Authors: Sun Yan , Wu Cheng-Rong , Ding Tian-Yi , Gu Jian , Yan Jia-Wei , Cheng Jun , Zhang Kelvin H. L.
Published: May 2023

EC-STM is applied to directly observe structural dynamics during the OER on LaNiO3 epitaxial thin films.
Intrinsic stability of perovskite materials and their operational stability in light-emitting diodes
Authors: Kumawat Kishan Lal , Nanda Karuna Kar , Rajamalli Pachaiyappan
Published: May 2023

This review discusses about the instability factors and stabilizing strategies of metal halide perovskite (MHP)-based LEDs.
Branched polyethylenimine-assisted boronic acid functionalized magnetic nanoparticles for highly efficient capture of lincomycin and clindamycin
Authors: Zhang Yansong , Li Daojin , Li Yanhui , Niu Jiangxiu , Yuan Ming
Published: May 2023

Polyethylenimine-assisted 3-fluoro-4-formylphenylboronic acid functionalized magnetic nanoparticles were developed to capture efficientlycis-diol-containing lincomycin and clindamycin under neutral conditions.
Catalysts for selective conversion of nitric oxide to ammonia (NTA) with propene in the presence of a large excess of oxygen and water vapor
Authors: Suzumura Bungo , Tanaka Kiyokazu , Kitazume Kasumi , Hioki Shougo , Kubo Ayaka , Iwamoto Masakazu
Published: May 2023

NO was selectively converted to NH3 (NTA) using C3H6 in 10% O2 and 10% H2O. Combination of the Nd-doped TiO2 support and Ag loading in ethanol was the best way for the catalysis. The catalyst gave the maximum NH3 yield of 88% at a space velocity of 10 000 h−1.
Environmental applications of single-atom catalysts based on graphdiyne
Authors: Zhao Mengdie , Jiang Liyun , Yu Qi
Published: May 2023

The environmental applications of single-atom catalysts based on graphdiyne in CO oxidation, CO2 reduction reaction, hydrogenation, nitrogen reduction reaction, oxygen reduction reaction and water splitting have been discussed in detail.
Surface silanol sites in mesoporous MFI zeolites for catalytic Beckmann rearrangement
Authors: Park Hanyoung , Bang Jisuk , Park Hongjun , Kim Jaeheon , Kim Jeong-Chul , Park Jeong Young , Ryoo Ryong
Published: May 2023

Beckmann rearrangement of three kinds of oximes to lactams on MFI zeolite nanosheets was investigated to elucidate the catalytic reaction sites, silanols.
Progress and prospects of dealloying methods for energy-conversion electrocatalysis
Authors: Chen Yuanda , Tan Zehao , Wang Enping , Yin Jiewei , Luo Liuxuan , Shen Shuiyun , Zhang Junliang
Published: May 2023

Developing hydrogen production and utilization technologies is a promising way to achieve large-scale applications of renewable energy.
Solvent-induced structural regulation over Ni2P/CNT hybrids towards boosting the performance of supercapacitors
Authors: Zhang Xiuli , Xu Guancheng , Zhang Li
Published: May 2023

Herein, based on the solvent-induced effect, we constructed the 3D flower-like Ni2P/CNTs hybrids. Profiting from the larger reaction active area and faster transport of ions/charges, it delivered the outperforming specific capacitance and cycling stability.
A comprehensive review of the bioactive components of sesame seeds and their impact on bone health issues in postmenopausal women
Authors: Arooj Ammara , Rabail Roshina , Naeem Muhammad , Goksen Gulden , Xu Baojun , Aadil Rana Muhammad
Published: May 2023

Sesame seeds perform many therapeutic functions against several health issues especially those related to bones because they possess a rich content of calcium, vitamins, proteins, oil, and carbohydrates.
In situ amination of anion conducting solid polymer electrolyte membranes
Authors: Shah Parin N. , Park Habin , Tee Hui Min , Dietrich Chandler , Kohl Paul A.
Published: May 2023

In situ amination casting process for AEM fabrication.
How proton transfer impacts hachimoji DNA
Authors: Warman Harry , Slocombe Louie , Sacchi Marco
Published: May 2023

Hachimoji DNA is a synthetic nucleic acid extension of DNA formed by an additional four bases that can encode information. We examine the possibility of proton transfer between the hachimoji bases, which can result in base mismatch under replication.
Low-temperature electrolytes based on linear carboxylic ester co-solvents for SiOx/graphite composite anodes
Authors: Wang Rui , Cao Jingwen , Xu Chunyu , Wu Ningning , Zhang Shu , Wu Mengqiang
Published: May 2023

Using linear carboxylic ester ethyl propionate as the co-solvent, silicon-based anode can achieve better low temperature performance.
Stretching breakup of a conical liquid bridge with a moving contact line
Authors: Xu Xiao-yu , Xu Zheng , Wang Li-ding , Wang Xiao-dong , Sun Zhong-ping , Yu Yu
Published: May 2023

The moving top of a stretching liquid bridge affects the relative breakup position and thus affects the dependence of the remnant volume on stretching velocity.
Interlayer structure and dynamic properties of CTMAB–montmorillonite: experiment and molecular dynamics
Authors: Yang Wei , Xia Xiaohui , Liu Xueying , Zhang Shaoqiu
Published: May 2023

The intercalation of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTMAB) into montmorillonite will cause interlayer expansion and surface charge reversal.
Exploring the synthetic potential of a g-C3N4·SO3H ionic liquid catalyst for one-pot synthesis of 1,1-dihomoarylmethane scaffoldsviaKnoevenagel–Michael reaction
Authors: Soni Shivani , Teli Pankaj , Sahiba Nusrat , Teli Sunita , Agarwal Shikha
Published: May 2023

Functionalized 1,1-dihomoarylmethane scaffolds (bis-cyclohexanediones, bis-pyrazoles, and bis-coumarins) have been synthesized using g-C3N4·SO3H ionic liquid catalystviaKoevenagel–Michale reaction with high yields and short time.
Full-dimensional neural network potential energy surface and dynamics of the CH2OO + H2O reaction
Authors: Wu Hao , Fu Yanlin , Dong Wenrui , Fu Bina , Zhang Dong H.
Published: May 2023

A first dynamical study based on an accurate full-dimensional neural network PES for the CH2OO + H2O reaction.
Cinchona alkaloids – acid, anion-driven fluorescent INHIBIT logic gates with a receptor1–fluorophore–spacer–receptor2 format and PET and ICT mechanisms
Authors: Agius Nicola' , Magri David C.
Published: May 2023

The fluorescent natural products quinine, quinidine, cinchonine and cinchonidine are demonstrated as H+-enabled, halide-disabled (Cl−, Br− or I−) INHIBIT logic gates in water.
Making photochemistry scalable – an operationally simple falling film looping photoreactor
Authors: Naskar Shibu , Kowalczyk Daniel , Mal Susital , Das Subrata , Mandal Debabrata , Kumar Prakash , Ziegenbalg Dirk
Published: May 2023

A photonically characterized, modular and open-source falling film looping photoreactor is presented as scalable photochemical platform. Simple geometrical resizing enables a linear increase of reaction rates and a scale up by a factor of 10.
Site-selective radical reactions of kinetically stable open-shell singlet diradicaloid difluorenoheteroles with tributyltin hydride and azo-based radical initiators
Authors: Tabata Naoki , Uchino Takumi , Kitamura Chitoshi , Yoshizawa Kazunari , Shiota Yoshihito , Kato Shin-ichiro
Published: May 2023

Kinetically stable open-shell singlet diradicaloids regioselectively react with radical species generated from azo-based radical initiators as well as HSn(n-Bu)3.
Aptamers 101: aptamer discovery andin vitroapplications in biosensors and separations
Authors: Yang Lucy F. , Ling Melissa , Kacherovsky Nataly , Pun Suzie H.
Published: May 2023

A primer that covers the discovery and validation process for novel aptamers and highlights recent applications of aptamers in biosensing and cell separations.
Probing juxtaposed G-quadruplex and hairpin motifs using a responsive nucleoside probe: a unique scaffold for chemotherapy
Authors: Khatik Saddam Y. , Sudhakar Sruthi , Mishra Satyajit , Kalia Jeet , Pradeepkumar P. I. , Srivatsan Seergazhi G.
Published: May 2023

We report the use of a new dual-app nucleoside probe composed of environment-sensitive fluorescent and19F NMR labels in dissecting the structural polymorphism of G-quadruplexes formed by the EGFR gene, which is implicated in many cancers.
AI facilitated fluoro-electrochemical phytoplankton classification
Authors: Chen Haotian , Barton Samuel , Yang Minjun , Rickaby Rosalind E. M. , Bouman Heather A. , Compton Richard G.
Published: May 2023

Schematic of fluoro-electrochemical microscopy. (a) Cartoon E. huxleyi is green under normal light, but (b) emits red fluorescence under UV. (c) Placed near an oxidizing electrode, its fluorescence fades and ultimately (d) “switches off”.
Catalytic transfer hydrogenation of levulinic acid to gamma-valerolactone over a zirconium-based FDCA hybrid: insights into the effect of heteropoly acids
Authors: Huang Rulu , Cheng Yuan , Liu Huai , Peng Lincai , Zhang Junhua
Published: May 2023

A schematic for CTH of LvA into GVL over an acid–base multifunctional Zr-FDCA-HPWO hybrid.
Intermittent relaxation and avalanches in extremely persistent active matter
Authors: Keta Yann-Edwin , Mandal Rituparno , Sollich Peter , Jack Robert L. , Berthier Ludovic
Published: May 2023

We use numerical simulations to study the dynamics of dense assemblies of self-propelled particles in the limit of extremely large, but finite, persistence times.
Heterointerface engineering of Rh/Pd metallene for hydrazine oxidation-assisted energy-saving hydrogen production
Authors: Wang Ziqiang , Yang Guanghui , Tian Pengjun , Deng Kai , Yu Hongjie , Xu You , Li Xiaonian , Wang Hongjing , Wang Liang
Published: May 2023

Heterointerface Rh/Pd metallene is synthesized for hydrazine oxidation-assisted water splitting, requiring a low potential of 0.19 V at 100 mA cm−2for energy-saving hydrogen production.
The performance of and promotion strategies for degradable polymers in triboelectric nanogenerators
Authors: Gao Caixia , Tong Wangshu , Zhang Yingge , Zhang Jiahe , Liu Songling , Zhang Yihe
Published: May 2023

Degradable polymers can be used for TENGs, and their research progress and performance improvement strategies are summarized.
Additive manufacturing of high-performance polycyanurates via photo-induced catalytic poly-trimerization
Authors: Wolff Raffael , Knaack Patrick , Seidler Konstanze , Gorsche Christian , Koch Thomas , Stampfl Jürgen , Liska Robert
Published: May 2023

Investigation of a cyanate ester based formulation and stereolithography-based additive manufacturing via Hot Lithography to produce polycyanurates with a glass transition temperature of 336 °C without any additives.
Peptide-triggered self-assembly of collagen mimetic peptides into nanospheres by electrostatic interaction and π–π stacking
Authors: Sun Xiuxia , Quan Siqi , Wang Bo , Wang Qi , Li Wenhua , Xiao Jianxi
Published: May 2023

Collagen is the most abundant protein in various connective tissues, providing mechanical integrity as well as regulating cellular activities.
Encapsulin cargo loading: progress and potential
Authors: Jones Jesse A. , Benisch Robert , Giessen Tobias W.
Published: May 2023

Encapsulins are protein compartments that encapsulate cargo proteins via specific peptide targeting motifs. Fusion of these motifs to non-native cargo proteins allows the facile engineering of rationally designed nano-compartmentalization systems.
Cartilage-bioinspired, tough and lubricated hydrogel based on nanocomposite enhancement effect
Authors: Xiao Fen , Zheng Pengshuo , Tang Jianxin , Huang Xin , Kang Wenji , Zhou Guiyin , Sun Kehui
Published: May 2023

The maintenance of high load-bearing tissues and joint lubrication is essential for suppressing osteoarthritis.
Color tuning of multi-resonant thermally activated delayed fluorescence emitters based on fully fused polycyclic amine/carbonyl frameworks
Authors: dos Santos John Marques , Chan Chin-Yiu , Tang Shi , Hall David , Matulaitis Tomas , Cordes David B. , Slawin Alexandra M. Z. , Tsuchiya Youichi , Edman Ludvig , Adachi Chihaya , Olivier Yoann , Zysman-Colman Eli
Published: May 2023

Two newly developed carboynyl-based multi-resonant TADF show bright green-yellow emission. These were used as emitters in both OLEDs, and LECs.
A design strategy of exciton blocking materials using simulations and the analysis of device properties
Authors: Jung Young Hun , Braveenth Ramanaskanda , Lee Seung Hyun , Oh Su Bin , Lee Hyuna , Yang Hye In , Oh Jun Hyeog , Kim Hye Rin , Kim Bo-Mi , Kwon Jang Hyuk
Published: May 2023

A hole transporting type exciton blocking layer (hEBL) is one of the important device architecture components in phosphorescence organic light emitting diodes (PhOLEDs).
Blade-coating of a highly crystallized lead-free silver-bismuth halide double perovskite thin film with improved stability for high-performance photodetection
Authors: Fang Feier , He Wenlong , Liu Zexiang , Jiang Ke , Wang Ye , Chen Fuming , Li Henan , Shi Yumeng
Published: May 2023

Large-area Cs2AgBiBr6 thin films prepared by the blade coating method exhibited improved optoelectronic properties including a responsivity (R) of 14.47 A W−1 and a detectivity (D*) of 5.25 × 1013 Jones.
Optimizing through-space interaction for singlet fission by using macrocyclic structures
Authors: Wang Zhangxia , Yang Xuexiao , Ma Haibo , Xie Xiaoyu
Published: May 2023

A novel design idea of optimizing through-space interaction for intramolecular singlet fission is proposed by using macrocyclic structures.
Biochemical and histopathological effects of copper oxide nanoparticles exposure on the bivalve Chambardia rubens (Lamarck, 1819)
Authors: Morad Mostafa , Hassanein Taha F. , El-khadragy Manal F. , Fehaid Alaa , Habotta Ola A. , Abdel Moneim Ahmed
Published: May 2023

Copper nanoparticles are widely incorporated into many applications, including air and liquid filters, wood preservatives, batteries, thermal and electrical conductivity, inks and skin products. Their potential toxicity and environmental fate, however, are poorly studied in the freshwater bivalves. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the different effects of copper oxide nanoparticles and ionic copper on the digestive glands and gills of the mussel Chambardia rubens. Mussels were treated with 100 and 1000 µg Cu L−1 of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuONPs) or ionic copper (Cu2+) for 3, 7, and 14 days. The Cu accumulation and markers of oxidative stress in the digestive glands and gills were evaluated. The results show that the digestive gland collected higher levels of the two forms of copper than the gills. Exposure to CuONPs or Cu2+ induced significant elevations in superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and lipid peroxidation. Notably, a significant decrease was observed in the glutathione levels after exposure to both copper forms. CuONPs only induced a significant increase in glutathione reductase and glutathione S-transferase. The ionic copper only induced a significant decrease in catalase activities in the gill tissues. Overall, CuONPs and Cu2+ provoked oxidative stress, and further research is needed to clarify their genotoxic and neurotoxic effects on freshwater mussels and other biota.
Integrated superregenerative amplifier based 24 GHz frequency modulated continuous wave radar active reflector tags for joint ranging and communication
Authors: Thayyil Manu Viswambharan , Figueroa Adrian , Joram Niko , Ellinger Frank
Published: May 2023

Concepts for two cooperative active reflector tags (ARTs) for joint ranging and communication in a linear frequency modulated continuous wave secondary radar system are presented along with corresponding theoretical derivations. To prove the concepts, the ARTs operating from 24 to 24.5 GHz are implemented using custom integrated superregenerative amplifiers (SRAs) designed in a 130 nm SiGe BiCMOS technology. The SRAs have a measured minimum detected input power greater than −80  dBm, and an output power greater than 3.2  dBm after wire‐bonding. The ARTs also feature roll invariance using bandwidth enhanced microstrip patch antenna diversity and a novel quench frequency shift keying based low data rate simplex communication. Indoor ranging experiments done to prove the concepts and the theoretical considerations show a maximum distance of 77 m in the ranging mode and a data rate of 0.5 symbols per second in the data transfer mode. For distances less than 5 m, the characterised accuracy is better than 12 cm and the precision is better than 2 cm. To the best of authors' knowledge this is one of the first reported scientific works leading to a proof of concept for integrated superregenerative amplifier based joint ranging and quench frequency shift keying. The combination of maximum range and precision are also one of the best reported among similar works in the literature.
Region‐based fully convolutional networks with deformable convolution and attention fusion for steel surface defect detection in industrial Internet of Things
Authors: Fu Meixia , Wu Jiansheng , Wang Qu , Sun Lei , Ma Zhangchao , Zhang Chaoyi , Guan Wanqing , Li Wei , Chen Na , Wang Danshi , Wang Jianquan
Published: May 2023

Next‐generation 6G networks will fully drive the development of the industrial Internet of Things. Steel surface defect detection as an important application in industrial Internet of Things has recently received increasing attention from the military industry, the aviation industry and other fields, which is closely related to the quality of industrial production products. However, many typical convolutional neural networks‐based methods are insensitive to the problem of unclear boundaries. In this article, the authors develop a region‐based fully convolutional networks with deformable convolution and attention fusion to adaptively learn salient features for steel surface defect detection. Specifically, deformable convolution is applied into selectively replace the standard convolution in the backbone of the region‐based fully convolutional networks, which performs significantly in scenarios with unclear defect boundaries. Moreover, convolutional block attention module is utilised in region proposal network to further enhance detection accuracy. The proposed architecture is demonstrated on two popular steel defect detection benchmarks, including NEU‐DET and GC10‐DET, which can effectively present the performance of steel surface defect detection by abundant experiments. The mean average precision on two datasets reaches 80.9% and 66.2%. The average precision of defect crazing, inclusion, patches, pitted‐surface, rolled‐in scale and scratches on NEU‐DET is 58.2%, 82.3%, 95.7%, 85.6%, 75.9%, and 87.9% respectively.
An order insensitive optimal generalised sequential fusion estimation for stochastic uncertain multi‐sensor systems with correlated noise
Authors: Wang Dejin , Liu Zhongxin , Chen Zengqiang
Published: May 2023

The globally optimal generalised sequential fusion (GSF) algorithm in the sense of linear minimum variance for multi‐sensor stochastic uncertain systems is investigated by the authors. Specifically, in the GSF algorithm, the estimation of measurement noise is considered, and ma (ma ≥ 1) sensors' measurement data are fused at the ath reception instant, which makes it very flexible and suitable for practical applications. The centralised and sequential fusion algorithms are special cases of the proposed GSF algorithm. Furthermore, for any ma, a = 1, 2, …, M, the estimated values of the GSF algorithm remain invariant and globally optimal. Moreover, the independence between the estimated values and fusion order is proved in the proposed GSF algorithm. Finally, simulation results are given to demonstrate the usefulness of the developed algorithm.
Verhalten und Rückmeldungen von Patient*innen mit Gon- oder Koxarthrose unter teletherapeutischer Behandlung – Eine qualitative Videoanalyse
Authors: Kordel Amelie , Schulte Caroline , Karstens Sven
Published: May 2023

Hintergrund Aufgrund der Corona-Pandemie wurde die Umsetzung von Physiotherapie als Teletherapie zunächst zeitlich begrenzt und später unbefristet genehmigt. Patient*innen mit Gon- oder Koxarthrose können eine Zielgruppe sein.

Ziel Untersuchung des Verhaltens und der Rückmeldungen von Patient*innen mit Gon- oder Koxarthrose, auch nach Endoprothesenversorgung, während teletherapeutischer Behandlungen anhand von Screencasts.

Methode Patient*innen mit Gon- oder Koxarthrose, ggf. nach endoprothetischer Versorgung, erhielten jeweils 6 Einheiten Physiotherapie, davon 5 per Teletherapie. Zu Beginn und nach Abschluss der Behandlungsreihe beantworteten die Teilnehmenden den Gesundheitsfragebogen Muskulatur und Gelenke (MSK-HQ) sowie den Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC). Die erste und letzte Behandlung wurde auf Video aufgezeichnet und anschließend transkribiert. Die Codierung der Textstellen erfolgte deduktiv inhaltsanalytisch.

Ergebnisse In die Studie wurden 5 Patient*innen eingeschlossen (2 m, 3 w; 56–78 Jahre; 3 Gon-, 2 Koxarthrose; davon 2 mit Endoprothese). Verhalten und Perspektiven der Patient*innen wurden den Hauptkategorien „Personbezogene Faktoren“, „Behandlungsmerkmale“, „Standpunkt“ oder „Umweltbezogene Faktoren“ mit jeweils 2–5 Subkategorien zugeordnet. Die Auswertung ergab eine durchweg positive Einstellung gegenüber Teletherapie, trotz anfänglicher Zweifel und Unkenntnis gegenüber dieser Methode. Faktoren, wie Rahmenbedingungen, Technik, persönliche Motivation und Compliance sowie die Beziehung zwischen Patient*in und Therapeut*in, zeigten sich als Einflussfaktoren, die sich auf die Einstellung der Teilnehmenden zu dieser Methode auswirkten. Eine gemischte Therapiegestaltung durch die Teletherapie und die klassische Methode fand bevorzugte Resonanz. Für alle Teilnehmenden ergab sich eine klinisch relevante Verbesserung des WOMAC (7–47 Punkte; Verbesserung MSK-HQ 1–13 Punkte).

Schlussfolgerung Das Verhalten der Teilnehmenden zeigt, dass sich eine fundiert geplante Teletherapie gut in der Praxis umsetzen lässt. Die Beschreibung der Perspektive von Patient*innen bietet Forscher*innen und Praktiker*innen Informationen, die für die Weiterentwicklung teletherapeutischer Behandlungskonzepte für Patient*innen mit Gon- oder Koxarthrose sowie allgemein genutzt werden können.
Editorial
Authors: Guntinas-Lichius Orlando
Published: May 2023

Sehr geehrte Frau Kollegin, sehr geehrter Herr Kollege,

sehr geehrte Leserin, sehr geehrter Leser!
Tinnitus und beeinflussende Komorbiditäten
Authors: Mazurek Birgit , Böcking Benjamin , Dobel Christian , Rose Matthias , Brüggemann Petra
Published: May 2023

Zahlreiche Studien zeigen, dass Beeinträchtigungen bei chronischem Tinnitus eng mit psychosomatischen und anderen Begleiterscheinungen verwoben sind. In dieser Übersicht werden einige Arbeiten zu diesem Thema zusammengefasst und eingeordnet. Neben einer möglichen Hörminderung sind individuelle Wechselwirkungen aus medizinischen und psychosozialen Belastungsfaktoren sowie Ressourcen von zentraler Bedeutung. Tinnitusbelastung spiegelt eine große Anzahl interkorrelierter, psychosomatischer Einflussfaktoren wider – wie z. B. Persönlichkeitseigenschaften, Stressreaktivität sowie Depressions-, oder Angsterleben, die mit kognitiven Einschränkungen einhergehen können und im Rahmen eines Vulnerabilität-Stress-Reaktion Modells konzeptualisiert werden sollten. Des Weiteren können übergeordnete Faktoren wie Alter, Geschlecht oder Bildungsstand die Vulnerabilität für Belastungserleben erhöhen. Diagnostik und Therapie des chronischen Tinnitus müssen somit individualisiert, multidimensional und interdisziplinär erfolgen. Multimodale psychosomatische Therapieansätze zielen darauf ab, individuell konstellierte medizinische und audiologische Einflussfaktoren sowie psychologische Erlebensaspekte zu adressieren und die Lebensqualität Betroffener nachhaltig zu erhöhen. Ein Counselling im Erstkontakt ist für Diagnostik und Therapie ebenfalls unabdingbar.
Interaktion von Hör- und Gleichgewichtssinn
Authors: Seiwerth Ingmar
Published: May 2023

Es mehren sich zunehmend Hinweise, dass neben visuellen, vestibulären und
somatosensorischen Afferenzen auch das Hören eine Rolle bei der
Regulation des Gleichgewichts einnimmt. So scheint, insbesondere im Alter, ein
progredienter Hörverlust auch mit einer Abnahme der Stabilität
einherzugehen. Mehrere Studien untersuchten diesen Zusammenhang bei
Normalhörenden, bei Patienten mit konventionellen
Hörgeräten sowie nach Versorgung mit implantierbaren
Hörsystemen wie auch bei Patienten mit vestibulären
Störungen. Trotz der inhomogenen Datenlage und fehlenden Evidenz scheint
das Hören mit dem Gleichgewichtsystem zu interagieren mit dem Potential,
stabilisierend zu wirken. Es konnten darüber hinaus Erkenntnisse
hinsichtlich audiovestibulärer Interaktionsmechanismen gewonnen werden,
welche möglicherweise zukünftig in therapeutische Aspekte bei
vestibulären Erkrankungen einfließen könnten. Es sind
jedoch weitere prospektive kontrollierte Studien erforderlich, um diese
Fragestellung auf evidenzbasiertes Niveau zu führen.
Pathologische Wirbelkörperfraktur nach niedrig-energetischem Trauma bei spinaler Manifestation einer chronisch rekurrierenden multilokulären Osteomyelitis (CRMO)
Authors: Slavici Andrei , Thomann Klaus Dieter , Rietschel Christoph , Rauschmann Michael
Published: May 2023

Die chronisch rekurrierende multilokuläre Osteomyelitis (CRMO) ist eine seltene aseptische entzündliche Erkrankung des skelettalen Systems von Kinder und Heranwachsenden 1. Meistens sind die Metaphysen der langen Röhrenknochen betroffen, die Inzidenz einer spinalen Beteiligung ist jedoch nicht zu vernachlässigen 2. Es handelt sich vorwiegend um eine selbstlimitierende Erkrankung mit spontaner Ausheilung bei Abschluss der Pubertät bzw. des Längenwachstums. Gelegentlich ist eine medikamentöse Therapie mit Bisphosphonaten, noch seltener mit TNF alpha Blockern, notwendig 3. Wie anhand unseres Falles einer 10-jährigen Patientin dargestellt, kann es jedoch zu behandlungsbedürftigen pathologischen Frakturen infolge von niedrig-energetischen Traumata kommen.
Bestands- und Bedarfserhebung zur Umsetzung und Vernetzung von Gesundheitlicher Versorgungsplanung in Niedersachsen nach §132g SGB V – Ergebnisse einer Online-Befragung von Gesprächsbegleitenden
Authors: Schnakenberg Rieke , Fischer Rosemarie , Kreutzberg Ulrich , Gerdes Verena , Wiemann Markus , Schmidtkunz Johanna , Schwabe Sven
Published: May 2023

Ziel der Studie Exploration der Erfahrungen mit der Implementierung und Vernetzung der Gesundheitlichen Versorgungsplanung (GVP) in Niedersachsen aus der Perspektive von Gesprächsbegleitenden.

Methodik Ende 2021 wurden ausgebildete GVP-Gesprächsbegleitende nach §132g SGB V in Niedersachsen anonym und online via SoSciSurvey befragt. Soziodemografische Daten, Art, Umfang der Tätigkeit, Herausforderungen und Verbesserungswünsche zur Umsetzung und Vernetzung wurden deskriptiv mittels Excel 2019 ausgewertet.

Ergebnisse 63 Datensätze wurden ausgewertet. Regionale Vernetzung wird von 84% als (sehr) wichtig bewertet. Herausforderungen werden bezüglich Weiterbildungsangeboten für Gesprächsbegleitende, Bekanntheit des Konzepts, Vernetzung mit Kliniken und Rettungsdiensten, Finanzierung, Koordinierung sowie Einheitlichkeit der GVP-Dokumente gesehen.

Schlussfolgerung Finanzierung und Ausbildungsaspekte werden auf Bundesebene gestaltet. Eine regionale Koordinierung von GVP könnte die Vernetzung unterstützen und so einen Beitrag zur Qualitätssicherung und Einheitlichkeit der Dokumente leisten.