bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Measure of Stewardship: Πίστις in Romans 12:3
Authors: Poirier John C.
Published: October 2021

A tiny handful of studies have recognised that πίστις in Romans 12:3 could be rendered as something like ‘stewardship’, ‘trusteeship’, etc. This article argues that this option deserves to be more widely visited. The explanatory power of this rendering is far greater than that of other options, and the strength of its philological backing (which includes entries from Josephus) has not yet been fully appreciated. One reason this rendering has not received the hearing it deserves is that earlier studies have failed to understand how it fits with the use of πίστις in 12:6.
The Last Words of Jacob and Joseph: A Rhetorico-Structural Analysis of Genesis 49:29-33 and 50:24-26
Authors: Lunn Nicholas P.
Published: October 2021

This article utilises what is here termed the rhetorico-structural method of analysis with application to the final episodes of Genesis. By means of this approach, the final major section of the book, contrary to what is found in many commentaries, is identified as 49:29–50:26, which is structured in the shape of an inverted parallel pattern. Analysed in this way the pericopae concerning the last words and death of Jacob and the last words and death of Joseph are placed in a corresponding relationship, inviting a comparison between the two. This reveals differences but also an essential unity in the final wishes of each patriarch. Though manifested in different ways their dying requests are governed by a common faith in the future fulfilment of the divine promise to give the offspring of Abraham the land of Canaan. The author’s use of a particular literary device to show the appropriateness of Jacob’s burial in the cave of Machpelah is identified. Finally, the article offers an explanation for the amount of space the narrative gives to Jacob’s burial as contrasted with that of Joseph.
Searching for the Holy Spirit in the Epistle of James: Is ‘Wisdom’ Equivalent?
Authors: Baker William R.
Published: October 2021

The search for the Holy Spirit in James often stops with Kirk’s article ‘The Meaning of Wisdom in James: An Examination of a Hypothesis’ published in 1969, which contends that the way in which James uses wisdom ‘is more or less interchangeable with that in which other writers of the New Testament use the concept of the Holy Spirit.’ This paper examines Kirk’s position and arguments closely as a window into the question of whether wisdom in James should be read as equivalent to the Holy Spirit elsewhere in the NT. The basic conclusion is that Kirk (followed by Davids) has made the case for the importance of Jewish wisdom theology to James but his tantalising claims have too often not been read in the light of his sobering conclusions. At times, he has overlooked important correspondence to the Jesus tradition and has made too much of correspondences to Pauline writings. James’ orientation toward wisdom is without regard to the Holy Spirit as developed in Paul or elsewhere in the New Testament. It should be read as aligning somewhere between Septuagintal wisdom literature and the Jesus tradition.
Hating Wealth and Wives? An Examination of Discipleship Ethics in the Third Gospel
Authors: Hays Christopher M.
Published: October 2021

The Gospel of Luke often couples instructions on the proper use of wealth with teachings on family relations, sometimes addressing these topics in a tone that smacks of antipathy. The present essay contends that the twin ‘hostilities’ towards wealth and family in the Gospel of Luke derive from theological roots, specifically, from Luke’s endorsement of the imitation of Christ and his teaching on eschatological judgement. To support this thesis, and to delineate certain contours of Lukan ethics, this investigation offers examinations of Luke 9:57-62; 14:25-35; and 17:20-35.
A New Explanation of Christological Origins: A Review of the Work of Larry W. Hurtado
Authors: Fletcher-Louis Crispin H.T.
Published: October 2021

Prof. Larry Hurtado’s three-volume work on christological origins has advanced understanding in several key respects and his account is simpler than that of his predecessors. However, it remains an evolutionary, multi-stage model and it is historically problematic. He overstates the case for Jewish opposition to Christ-devotion, minimises the ethical particularity of earliest Christianity and the model suffers some serious internal tensions. His claim that religious experiences gave the decisive impetus to Christ-devotion does not reckon adequately with the implications of social-science study, is not supported by the primary texts and conflicts with the important evidence that visionary and mystical practices were frowned upon in some early Christian quarters. Hurtado presents his work as theologically disinterested. However, he endorses Lessing’s radical separation of theology and history and this theologically loaded judgement seems to be reflected in the non-incarnational character of the Christology Hurtado describes.
The Markan Narrative’s Use of the Old Greek Text of Jeremiah to Explain Israel’s Obduracy
Authors: Perkins Larry
Published: October 2021

A close reading of the Septuagint (LXX) translation of Jeremiah in conjunction with a careful examination of Markan contexts where Jeremiah materials occur reveals that Jeremiah’s prophetic message influences the Markan portrayal of Jesus’ words and deeds, especially to explain Israel’s obduracy. By examining specific contexts in Mark’s narrative (chs. 8, 11, 13, 14) where potential intertextual linkages with the Greek version of Jeremiah’s prophecy occur I demonstrate the potential contribution of the Greek version of Jeremiah’s material to our understanding of Mark’s purpose. His use of Jeremiah material seems to focus almost exclusively on aspects of opposition that Jesus experienced. The general theme of Israel’s obduracy, illustrated by the temple cleansing incident, the parable of the tenant farmers, and the prophecy about the destruction of Jerusalem and the temple seems to provide the thread that the Markan author finds useful to link with Jeremiah’s message.
Forgotten Guardians and Matthew 18:10
Authors: Koskenniemi Erkki
Published: October 2021

‘See that you do not look down on one of these little ones. For I tell you that their angels in heaven always see the face of my Father in heaven’ (Matt. 18:10 NIV). Modern commentators have not reached a consensus on the context of this verse, nor on the angels mentioned. First, whether those who are guarded are children or ordinary Christians is undecided. Secondly, some scholars deny that single Christians have an individual guardian angel. However, because early Jewish and Christian sources have by no means been thoroughly researched, evidence found thus far can probably help clarify the kind of angels Jesus was referring to. Surprisingly, angels whose mission was to avenge the evil made to children have been widely overlooked by scholars.
‘Theological Interpretation’ and its Contradistinctions
Authors: Poirier John C.
Published: October 2021

The label ‘theological interpretation’ has been used recently as a technical term to denote a certain approach to Scripture. This development is most unfortunate, not least because it implies that other approaches, especially historical criticism, cannot be equally theological in focus. The use of this term in such an artificially narrowed way creates the false impression that anyone wanting to do exegesis in the service of the Church must do so according to the particular practices of the ‘theological interpretation’ movement. The implied argument is hardly an argument at all, and it promotes a number of poor hermeneutical habits.
The Ostracon from the Days of David Found at Khirbet Qeiyafa
Authors: Millard Alan
Published: October 2021

A newly discovered ostracon at Khirbet Qeiyafa which dates from about 1000 BC is a welcome addition to the meagre examples of writing which survive from that period. The letters are difficult to read and the language may be Hebrew, Canaanite, Phoenician or Moabite. Translations range from a list of names to commands concerning social justice. The simplest explanation is that this is a list of Hebrew and Canaanite names written by someone unused to writing. They help to suggest that writing was practised by non-scribes, so the skill may have been widespread.
Forked Parallelism in Egyptian, Ugaritic and Hebrew Poetry
Authors: Abbott Richard
Published: October 2021

A particular pattern of tricolon or triplet, sometimes known as forked parallelism, has been identified in Ugaritic and early Hebrew poetry. It has been suggested that it is a characteristic style of Canaanite or ancient Semitic poetry, and noted that in the Hebrew Bible its use declines dramatically outside the archaic and early examples of poetry. Hence it can be seen as a stylistic indicator suggesting authentic early composition of some portions of the Hebrew Bible. This paper shows that the pattern was also used as a regular feature in some genres of Egyptian poetry from the Old Kingdom through to the end of the New Kingdom. At that time it appears to have ceased being a device regularly used by Egyptian poets, in parallel with their counterparts in the Levant. Thus the use, and subsequent decline, of this pattern in Israel is a local reflection of a wider aesthetic choice rather than an isolated phenomenon. The structural uses of this and some other triplet patterns are reviewed, and some clear poetic purposes identified. This review also highlights some differences between the typical poetic use of triplets in Ugaritic, Hebrew and Egyptian. Some typical triplet patterns used in Ugaritic and Hebrew are not found in Egyptian sources.
Isaiah 1:26: A Neglected Text on Kingship
Authors: Goswell Gregory
Published: October 2021

In recent studies of the theme of kingship in the book of Isaiah, Isaiah 1:26 has been neglected. This article seeks to demonstrate that this text is relevant to the theme. The future of leadership within the city of Jerusalem-Zion as forecast in Isaiah 1:26 is theocratic in shape, with Davidic kingship notably absent. The judges and counsellors spoken of are leaders appointed by YHWH the King and act as judicial officers under him. The setting of Isaiah 1:26 in Isaiah 1, the immediate context of the section 1:21-26, the absence of any mention of kings in Isaiah 2–4, and the portrayal in the first half of Isaiah’s prophecy of Judaean kingship as a dying institution, all confirm this reading. Isaiah 1:26 is one of a number of texts in the first half of Isaiah that prepare the reader for what would otherwise be a radical shift to an exclusive focus on divine kingship in Isaiah 40–66.
Hebrews 3:6b and 3:14 Revisited
Authors: Wilson Andrew J.
Published: October 2021

Hebrews 3:6b and 3:14 have been central to Reformed interpretations of the warnings in Hebrews for several centuries. Today, however, there is something of an impasse in scholarship: on one side, there are those who see these verses as an interpretive key to the letter, and thus understand the warnings to refer to spurious or false believers; on the other, there are those who argue that since Hebrews warns real believers away from real apostasy, these two verses cannot mean what, at a grammatical level, they appear to mean. In this paper, I appraise the scholarly discussion so far, identify three key issues relating to grammar and context, and then propose a way through the impasse that has not been considered in modern scholarship.
The Royal Promise in Genesis: The Often Underestimated Importance of Genesis 17:6, 17:16 and 35:11
Authors: Diffey Daniel S.
Published: October 2021

There are three specific instances in which a royal promise is made to an individual in the book of Genesis. Scholarship has largely viewed these as incidental within the larger framework of the major themes found in the book of Genesis. This short note seeks to correct this misunderstanding by demonstrating that the promise that kings will come from Abraham, Sarah, and Jacob is integrally linked with the themes of fruitfulness, seed (offspring), and land. Thus, the theme of kingship is a much more important theme than is often held.
The Definition of the Term ‘Canon’: Exclusive Or Multi-Dimensional?
Authors: Kruger Michael J.
Published: October 2021

There has been an ongoing debate amongst biblical scholars about how to define the term ‘canon’. In recent years, one particular definition – that canon can only be used to refer to books in a fixed, final, closed list – has emerged as the dominant one. Moreover, some scholars have argued that this is the only legitimate definition that can be used. This essay suggests that a single definition fails to capture the depth and breadth of canon and may end up bringing more distortion than clarification. Instead, the complexities of canon are best captured through using multiple definitions in a complementary and integrative manner.
Jewish Pilgrim Festivals and Calendar in Paul’s Ministry with the Gentile Churches
Authors: Hwang Jin K.
Published: October 2021

It is quite remarkable that Paul explicitly mentions two of the Jewish pilgrim festivals, namely, the Passover and Pentecost in 1 Corinthians (5:7-8; 16:8). This study argues that such festivals played a key role not only in providing Paul with the biblical foundations for his exhortations in 1 Corinthians (as indicated in ch. 5) but also in shaping his ministry with the Gentile churches at Corinth, Ephesus, Galatia, and Macedonia, and his collection project in particular, which entails the pilgrimage to Jerusalem by representatives from his Gentile churches, most likely during a Jewish festival (as indicated in ch. 16).
These are the Days of the Prophets: A Literary Analysis of Ezra 1-6
Authors: Lortie Christopher R.
Published: October 2021

This study outlines a plot structure for Ezra 1–6 based upon the עלה (’lh) imperative and בנה (bnh) imperative given in the decree by Cyrus (Ezra 1:2-4) and argues that they provide a clear framework for the narrative. The Judaean people are able to accomplish the עלה imperative without conflict, but the בנה imperative is not completed as easily. The temple rebuilding project reaches a standstill in Ezra 4:24. At this point the prophets Haggai and Zechariah intervene and become the catalyst for the resolution of the בנה imperative and the narrative as a whole (5:1; 6:14). The narrative is structured to demonstrate that YHWH is the one who enables the temple rebuilding project to succeed through the action of the prophets Haggai and Zechariah over against the Persian kings.
The Adam-Christ Typology in Paul and Its Development in the Early Church Fathers
Authors: VanMaaren John
Published: October 2021

This article examines the development of the Adam-Christ typology in the early church. It begins by outlining the characteristics of typology and considering Paul’s use of the Adam-Christ typology. It then looks at the Adam-Christ typology in Irenaeus, Hippolytus, Origen, Methodius, Augustine and Cyril of Alexandria. Each of these is compared with Paul. For Paul, it is Christ’s death and resurrection that correspond to Adam’s sin. The church fathers expand Paul’s typology and these expansions eventually come to overshadow the main point of correspondence for Paul, Christ’s death and resurrection.
The Interpretation of ΠΡΟΣ in Romans 3:26
Authors: Hall David
Published: October 2021

In an article published in 1980, Richard Hays argued that Romans 3 should be seen as a unity. The whole chapter is an assertion of God’s integrity—that God is δίκαιος. Verses 21–26 ‘close the circle by answering the objections raised in verses 1–7’. Hays’s thesis has been largely rejected. S. K. Stowers stated in 1984 that Hays was ‘almost alone’ in stressing the internal coherence of the argument in Romans 3, and subsequent scholarship has largely concentrated on the analysis of specific sections of the chapter rather than on the chapter as a whole. My aim in this article is to support Hays’s thesis by examining verse 26, and in particular Paul’s use of the preposition πρός in that verse. [Introductory paragraphs]
‘Interpreting Homer from Homer’: Aristarchus of Samothrace and the Notion of Scriptural Authorship in the New Testament
Authors: Sargent Benjamin
Published: October 2021

This study attempts to explore certain exegetical arguments within the New Testament that operate upon the basis of an assumption that a scriptural text’s meaning is in some way contingent upon its author. The exegetical and text-critical Homeric scholarship of Aristarchus of Samothrace is examined as a possible parallel to this assumption of authorial contingency. Aristarchus makes exegetical and text-critical decisions about the Iliad by means of a conception of Homer as the perfect writer. Whilst it is unlikely that any New Testament writer was aware of Aristarchus’ work, Aristarchus undoubtedly represents more widespread Greek thought about authorship and meaning that may have been shared by certain New Testament writers.
The Translation of the Hebrew Term Nir: ‘David’s Yoke?’
Authors: Shin Deuk-il
Published: October 2021

The purpose of this article is to query the viability of Douglas K. Stuart’s recent suggestion that the Hebrew form nīr ‘lamp’ should be translated as etymologically related to the Akkadian nīru ‘yoke, domination’ on the basis of Paul D. Hanson’s statement. The study is particularly interested in the phrase ‘lamp of David’. The author insists that the traditional interpretation of the Hebrew nīr as ‘lamp’ be maintained, thus rejecting the relevance of the Akkadian niru ‘yoke’.
Ancient Rome’s Daily News Publication with Some Likely Implications for Early Christian Studies
Authors: Wright Brian J.
Published: October 2021

A detailed study on ancient Rome’s daily news publication is currently absent in early Christian studies. This article seeks to begin filling this lacuna by surveying the history of this Roman news bulletin and highlighting the sorts of data that must be taken into account in order to determine the publication’s subject matter, scope of distribution, and possible relevance for early Christian studies.
Abram as Israel, Israel as Abram: Literary Analogy as Macro-Structural Strategy in the Torah
Authors: Postell Seth D.
Published: October 2021

The argument is made that through the use of literary devices, the individual stories of the Abram narrative (Genesis 11–15) were strategically arranged to correspond with Israel’s story as told in the Book of Exodus. Although previous commentators have observed some parallels between these two stories, this article asserts that the reach of this literary analogy extends further than a few identifiable similarities, and reveals an overarching compositional strategy. Potential meanings of this analogy vis-à-vis its similarities and differences are explored, and the use of this extended literary analogy is considered as a framework for appreciating the NT’s figural interpretation of some Pentateuchal narratives.
Motif-Semantic Differences in Paul?: A Question to Advocates of the Pastorals’ Plural Authorship in Dialogue with Michaela Engelmann
Authors: van Nes Jermo , Koning Harro
Published: October 2021

New Testament scholarship is witnessing a growing number of studies advocating the plural authorship of the Pastoral Epistles (PE) on the basis of their mutual differences. Among them is the recent study by Michaela Engelmann highlighting ‘motif-semantic’ differences between the PE in terms of their Christology/soteriology, ecclesiology, heresiology, and image of Paul. While Engelmann and others challenging the common authorship of the PE offer significant contributions to the study of the PE’s origins, their overall approach also raises methodological questions. By way of illustration, 1 Thessalonians and Philippians are studied in a way similar to that of Engelmann. Both letters are shown to exhibit a good number of motif-semantic differences, which might bring into question their explanatory power.
Evaluation of the Intensive Care Unit Resources and Utilization in Two Governmental Hospitals in Tripoli, Libya
Authors: Atia Ahmed , Ashur Abdulsalam , Elmahmoudi Hosam , Abired Ahmed , Bkhait Nafisa
Published: October 2021

The growing population in Tripoli is projected to have a sustained increase in the demand for health services, especially in-service areas with limited resources such as intensive care units (ICUs). Currently, ICUs in the city of Tripoli routinely operate at or near full capacity and have a limited ability to accommodate the next critically ill patient. This disparity in demand and supply makes a substantial strain on our health care system. In response to this rising problem, the current study aimed to investigate the ICU capacity in the two largest hospitals in Tripoli, Libya. This is a retrospective observational study that conducted to compare ICU capacities and admission in the Medical intensive care unit (MICU) and surgical intensive care unit (SICU) of Tripoli Medical center (TMC) and Alkhadra hospital (AH) in Tripoli city of Libya. ICUs capacity and admissions were assessed and recorded in data collection sheet that includes; type of ICU, number of available ICU beds, number of available functional monitors, number of available functional mechanical ventilators, number of patients admitted to the ICU, and number of ICU nurse. In TMC, MICU occupied with 4 beds, 4 monitors, 3 mechanical ventilators (MV), 5 patients admitted, and 13 nurses. Whereas SICU engaged with 4 beds, 5 monitors, 5 MV, 13 patients admitted and 15 nurses. While MICU at AHT was occupied with 4 beds, 4 monitors, 1 MV, and 4 admitted patients with 1 nurse care, SICU at CHT was comprised of 3 beds, 3 monitors, 0 MV, and 3 patients with 1 nurse stuff. We concluded that facilities at both MICU and SICU at Alkhadra hospital of Tripoli were less efficient than MICU and SICU at Tripoli Medical centre. Both ICUs at AHT had not enough beds, observation equipment, and nursing staff to take care of patients. However, facilities of both ICUs at TMC were also not sufficient.
Survey on common causative agents of dermatophytosis in El-Beida Libya
Authors: Bubaker Khawila  S.  O.
Published: October 2021

The aim of this study was to isolate and identify dermatomycosis causing dermatophysis in EL- Beida, Libya. In this study  253 cases of skin infection were collected from the dermatology unit at  EL- Thoura hospital in EL- Beida, Libya. These cases clinically diagnosed as superficial mycosis ,130 ( 51.4%) were isolated from males and  123 ( 48.6% )  were females. These cases were classified into 5 groups according to age (1-10, 11-20, 21-31, 31-40 and above 40 year). Our results showed that young ages were more liable to infection than adult. The cases  involved in this investigation represented different occupations. The highest incidence was recorded between school children 40.3 %, followed by workers, farmers and others  29.2%, house wives  17.8%  while it was 12.6% among children less than 5 years. Concerning the clinical and mycological finding, it was noticed that 74 (63.8%) cases gave positive culture while the remaining cases were negative. Scalp infection was the most common clinical finding, in this study Tinea capitis was the most frequent  42.8%  cases,  Microsporum canis and Trich ophyton violaceum were the most common fungi isolated. Tinea corporis and Tinea cruris were diagnosed clinically in 68 (26.8%) cases,  24.4% were from  Tinea corporis while the fungus isolated were   Microsporum canis 41% , Epidermophyton floccosum  14% and Tinea cruris with incidence of  0.8% in which Trichophyton  tonsurans was the only fungus isolated . Onychomycosis and Tinea pedis were seen in  3.4% and the most important isolated agents were  Epidermophyton floccosum 50%, followed by  Microsporum canis and Trichophyton rubrum  25% for each.  This study demonstrates that the prevalence of dermatophytoses in EL- Beida cit, was high (47%), and was more common in males than females. The present study has also indicated that tinea capitis was the dominant (43%).
The effect of mLearning on motivation in the Continuing Professional Development of nursing professionals: A Self-Determination Theory perspective
Authors: Delia Cassandra Sturgeon
Published: October 2021

Mobile learning (mLearning) has gained popularity in recent years, particularly in the clinical setting. mLearning reduces the theory-practice gap by providing relevant information to nurses and boosting clinical skills. Despite the vast majority of work in this area, few studies in nursing have investigated the correlation between motivation and mLearning for continuing practice development (CPD). Motivation is an essential theoretical concept used to explain human motive that is not new in nursing. Understanding the notion of motivation directed towards learning may clarify the role of technology within pedagogy. Additionally, associating motivation and self-determination may be crucial in understanding motivation in professional nursing practice and education. This study determines the effect of mLearning on motivation to enhance CPD in nursing professionals (NP) analysed critically through a Self-Determination Theory lens. Twenty-three qualified nurses working within the clinical area participated by using a specific mobile application on their smartphone to learn nursing related skills. Over three weeks, participants logged in their learning experience, providing an overview of the relationship between motivation and mLearning. The nurses participating in the study found mLearning motivational in the clinical setting and indicated ownership of their learning, suggesting perceived autonomy. Furthermore, the mobile application enhanced nursing practices through gaining competency and fostered team building through interactions with other health professionals in the clinical area, demonstrating relatedness. This work suggests that having ownership of the learning experience fosters motivation through intrinsic and external needs, supporting learning and gaining competency in the clinical area. Also, the need to become competent and share with others further nurtures motivation to learn in the clinical area. Additionally, these findings suggest mLearning features that motivate NP towards clinical development. This study concludes with implications for the scholarship on mLearning for the continual practice development of nurses.
Penentuan Jalur Terpendek dengan Menggunakan Algoritma Djikstra dalam Pencarian Kost di Kota Medan
Authors: Desiaman Desiaman
Published: October 2021

Penentuan jalur terpendek merupakan salah satu hal yang harus dilakukan. Dimana dalam mencapai satu tujuan, maka kita harus melihat situasi dan kondisi supaya cepat. Dalam penelitian ini, peneliti mengambil studi penelitian pencarian kost di kota Medan. Dimana di kota Medan merupakan salah satu kota terbesar diindonesia. Di kota Medan banyak sekali penduduk yang datang dari luar kota Medan sehingga dibutuhkan tempat tinggal atau kost. Dan para pendatang ini tidak tahu dan belum paham tentang kondisi jalan dikota medan. Akhirnya penulis membuat penelitian tentang â€œPenentuan Jalur Terpendek Dengan Menggunakan Algoritma Dijkstra Dalam Pencarian Kost Di Kota Medanâ€. Sesuai dengan metode tersebut yaitu algoritma dijkstra, maka persoalan penentuan jalur yang terpendek sudah selesai. Sistem yang dibuat ini berbasis web dengan menggunakan bahasa pemrograman PHP dan dengan database MySql
Sistem Informasi Penerimaan Pendeta pada Kantor Pusat GKPS Berbasis Web
Authors: Saragih Chika Meyana , Damanik Romanus
Published: October 2021

Sistem yang dibangun adalah sebuah sistem yang membahas sistem informasi penerimaan pendeta pada kantor pusat GKPS menggunakan Bahasa Pemrograman JAVA, PHP dan Database menggunakan MySQL, dimana dengan sistem yang sudahÂ  dibangun, pihak PersonaliaÂ  akan lebih mudah dan cepat dalam memproses Penerimaan pendeta ,Sistem yang dibangun akan membantu personalia kantor pusat GKPS dalam menangani pendaftaran calon pendeta dan pencetakan laporanÂ  pendeta
Implementasi Data Mining menggunakan Algoritma C-45 pada Data Masyarakat Kecamatan Garoga untuk Menentukan Pola Penerima Beras Raskin
Authors: Gultom Juan Prima , Rikki Alex
Published: October 2021

Kecamatan Garoga memiliki Jumlah Desa Sebanyak 13 desa. Kesenjangan taraf kehidupan masyarakat diwilayah Kecamatan Garoga sampai saat ini belum merata, masih banyak masyarakat miskin. Program bantuan sosialÂ  salah satu komponen program jaminan sosial yang menjadi bentuk expresi tanggung jawab pemerintah, pemerintah daerah yang sangat peduli terhadap kondisi masyarakat yang miskin dan terlantar.AlgoritmaÂ  C4.5Â  merupakan algoritmaÂ  klasifikasi pohon keputusan yang banyak digunakan karena memiliki kelebihan utama dari algoritma yang lainnya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui faktor mana saja yang paling dominan mempengaruhi data masyarakat kecamatan garoga untuk menentukan pola penerima beras raskin dengan tepat dan akurat, sehingga ini menjadi pedoman bagi pihak masyarakat ke depan untuk meningkatkan penerimaan beras raskin bagi masyarakat..
Aplikasi Game Nine Menâ€™s Morris dengan Menggunakan Algoritma Minimax
Authors: Siringoringo Andi Purwanto , Purba Desinta
Published: October 2021

Game papan merupakan salah satu game yang sering dipakai sebagai objek pembuatan kecerdasan buatan. Kecerdasan buatan merupakan suatu sistem dengan menggunakan algoritma tertentu sehingga sistem tersebut seolah-olah dapat berfikir seperti manusia. Banyak sekali algoritma yang digunakan untuk mengimplementasikan kecerdasan buatan. Salah satu dari algoritma itu adalah algoritma minimax. Algoritma minimax merupakan algoritma pencarian yang akan melakukan penelusuran pada setiap node hingga diperoleh nilai maksimum.Â  Algoritma minimax terutama diaplikasikan pada game yang melibatkan dua orang yang saling berganti giliran bermain seperti checker, tic-tac-toe, nine menâ€™s morris dan lain sebagainya. Adapun game papan yang digunakan untuk menerapkan algoritma minimax adalah game nine menâ€™s morris. Game ini menerapkan kecerdasan buatan dengan menggunakan metode minimax yang akan memberikan peluang bagi komputer untuk mengambil langkah terbaik.
Perancangan Sistem Penjadwalan Perkuliahan dengan Algoritma Genetika Berbasis Web (Studi Kasus : Fakultas Ilmu Komputer Universitas Katolik Santo Thomas)
Authors: Harianja Andy Paul , Harefa Mei Lestari
Published: October 2021

Sistem penjadwalan perkuliahan yang selama ini terjadi di Fakultas Ilmu Komputer UniveristasÂ  Katolik Santo Thomas memiliki banyak sekali kendala yang menghambat proses penyusunan jadwal perkuliahan. Sering adanya jadwal bentrok pada saat pembuatan jadwal membuat proses pembuatan jadwal tidak efisien karena banyak menghabiskan waktu. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menghasilkan sebuah sistem penjadwalan perkuliahan yang dapat mempermudah proses penjadwalan perkuliahan, meminimalisisr adanya ruangan ataupun jadwal bentrok dan mempermudah pencarian ruangan untuk kuliah pengganti. Sistem penjadwalan perkuliahan ini menggunakan algoritma genetika, sehingga proses penjadwalan perkuliahan dapat disusun dengan lebih Â mudah, cepat, dan akurat sehingga proses penyusunan jadwal perkuliahan tidak menghabiskan banyak waktu.
Perancangan Aplikasi Penjadwalan Mata Kuliah Di Fakultas Ilmu Komputer Universitas Katolik Santo Thomas
Authors: Harianja Andy Paul , Nababan Rolas Meiputra
Published: October 2021

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk memperoleh jadwal mata kuliah pada Fakultas Ilmu Komputer Universitas Katolik Santo Thomas yang optimal, sehingga jumlah mata kuliah yang bentrok dapat dikurangi, beban mahasiswa lebih merata, serta penggunaan ruang kelas lebih optimal. Hal ini dilakukan dengan optimasi yaitu melalui penentuan jadwal mata kuliah. Optimasi jadwal dilakukan dengan menggunakan algoritma genetika. Algoritma genetika adalah salah satu algoritma yang tepat digunakan untuk memecahkan permasalahan dalam skala besar dan memiliki tingkat kompleksitas yang tinggi sehingga cocok untuk digunakan memecahkan masalah penjadwalan mata kuliah pada perguruan tinggi yang terkenal rumit dan memiliki banyak sekali variabel kendala yang harus dipenuhi dalam pembuatan jadwal yang baik. Hasil yang diharapkan dari penelitian ini adalah sebuah jadwal mata kuliah yang optimal berdasarkan jumlah mata kuliah yang bentrok, beban mahasiswa, dan penggunaan ruang kelas. Setelah penelitian dilakukan diperoleh jadwal baru yang optimal.
Aplikasi E-Archiving dan Monitoring Surat Menyurat
Authors: Kaban Roberto , Simbolon Marice Hotnauli , Abdullah Abdullah
Published: October 2021

A neat and easily monitored-mails administration is an urgent needs of every agency, including UPT. Taman Budaya in Dinas Kebudayaan dan Pariwisata Provinsi Sumatera Utara. Manually archieved-mails generated problems; such as slow disposition, difficulties in tracing the mails, as well as taking a long time to find certain mails required. The proposed application aims to solve those limitations of manual system applied. The Bootstrap CSS Framework is chosen to be applied for its open source and ability to create an easily displayed web in all of gadgets specifications, whereas the methodology used to develop the web system is Web Development Life Cycle (WDLC). This methodology has five stages which are (1)Planning, (2 )Analysis, (3) Design and Development, (4) Testing, and (5) Implementation and Maintainance. The output of this research is an applicable web system that manage mails administration; including disposition, archieving, and monitoring.
Identifikasi Faktor Penyebab terjadinya Kenakalan Remaja menggunakan Metode Multi Factor Evaluation Process (MFEP)
Authors: Limbong Riswan , Siregar Kristian
Published: October 2021

Juvenile delinquency is a very actual problem in almost every country including Indonesia. Outbreaks of cases of juvenile law violations such as robbery, robbery, fighting, theft, possession of sharp weapons and misuse of narcotics as well as various other legal violations. With so many cases of violations of the law it is illustrated that in the era of complete human development, it is expected that adolescents have the rights and obligations and responsibilities to develop the nation and state but many do unlawful acts. The Multifactor Evaluation Process (MFEP) method is a quantitative method that uses "weighting" where in multi-factor decision making, the decision maker is subjectively subjective and intuitively required to weigh various factors that have a dominant competing influence on the alternatives of their choices. Decisions that affect strategic policy, it is recommended to use quantitative approaches such as MFEP, to make an appropriate weighting must be given consideration. The same stage must also be carried out on the alternative to be chosen, which is then evaluated in relation to all factors taken into consideration and determining which alternative with the highest or maximum value is the best solution based on existing criteria.
Penerapan Data Mining Pada Pasokan Order Barang Dengan Menggunakan Algoritma Apriori
Authors: Simanjorang R. Mahdalena
Published: October 2021

Proses analisis data menggunakan perangkat digunakan untuk menemukan pola dan aturan (rules) dalam himpunan data merupakan bagian dari data mining. Support dan confidence merupakan dua tolak ukur untuk mengetahui asosiasi. Seringkali terjadi masalahan dalam persediaan barang seperti pasokan order pada toko atau konsumen. Persediaan dibutuhkan karena tingkat permintaan yang tidak beraturan. Persediaan barang dilakukan agar pada saat dibutuhkan barang-barang tersebut tersedia. Salah satu masalah dalam order barang adalah kesulitan dalam menentukan besarnya jumlah persediaan yang harus disediakan dalam memenuhi jumlah permintaan. Masalah yang sering timbul adalah terjadinya stockout (kehabisan persediaan) sehingga menimbulkan kekecewaan konsumen atau pelanggan, selain itu juga sering terjadi kelebihan barang.Pada pasokan order barang produk pakan ikan lele mengalami peningkatan order setiap harinya. Produk pakan ikan lele yang diorder berdasarkan jenis dan ukuran pakan.Untuk mengetahui jenis pakan ikan yang paling banyak diorder dibutuhkan Algoritma Apriori untuk dapat mengetahuinya.
CaRotid Artery Filtering Technique (CRAFT): A Technique for Carotid Artery Stenting with Intrinsic Embolic Protection
Authors: Foo Michelle , Ren Yifan , Gajera Jay , Barras Christen D , Kok Hong Kuan , Jhamb Ashu , Abbouchie Hussein , Maingard Julian , Brooks Duncan Mark , Asadi Hamed
Published: October 2021

Purpose: Carotid artery stenting (CAS) is an established treatment for symptomatic carotid artery stenosis as an alternative to carotid endarterectomy. A variety of techniques and devices have been devised to minimise periprocedural stroke risk using either proximal or distal embolic protection. This study presents a method of embolic protection during CAS–the CaRotid Artery Filtering Technique (CRAFT).Materials and Methods: The CRAFT technique employs aspects of both proximal and distal embolic protection. The CASPER RX stent (MicroVention, Tustin, CA, USA), which is a double-layered, closed-cell, micromesh nitinol stent, is deployed across the carotid artery stenosis with the assistance of a FlowGate balloon guide catheter (Stryker Neurovascular, Fremont, CA, USA). The partially deployed stent acts as a distal filter while the balloon guide is deflated midway during stent deployment to prevent distal plaque embolisation, followed by completion of stent deployment and angioplasty.Results: A total of 94 patients underwent CAS using the CRAFT technique between June 2016 and March 2021. Successful stent deployment was achieved in all patients. Preliminary results demonstrated acute stent occlusion in 6 patients (6.4%) and distal embolic stroke in 5 patients (5.3%). The median procedural fluoroscopy time was 34 minutes with an interquartile range of 22 to 55 minutes.Conclusion: The CRAFT technique of CAS presented by this study can be applied in the treatment of symptomatic carotid artery stenosis in both emergency and elective procedure settings with a high technical success and low distal embolic stroke risk.
Lokale democratie: opkomst lokale partijen en politieke fragmentatie
Authors: Gradus Raymond , Budding Tjerk , Dijkgraaf Elbert
Published: October 2021

Local democracy: the rise of local parties and political fragmentation

Local political parties are clearly on the rise in the Netherlands in both the municipal council and the municipal board. Their average percentage of council seats increased from 25% in 1998 to 37% in 2018 and the percentage of councillors from 21% to 32%. This coincided with a greatly increased fragmentation. For example, the average number of political parties on the council rose from 6.5 in 1998 to 8.0 in 2018 and the number of parties providing one or more aldermen increased from 2.8 to 3.4 during this period. Fragmentation expressed in the number of effective parties shows a similar trend. If we use the Chapel Hill score, it appears that the average political colour of both the municipal council and the alderman part in the municipal board has shifted to the right. This is mainly because political parties are becoming increasingly right wing according to this index and not so much because there are more local votes for right-wing parties. Significant differences in the representative representation are also noted. The local parties as well as the Socialist Party (SP) are less successful than average in converting their seats on the council into councillor seats, while the three large traditional (and especially the CDA) and smaller Christian parties have succeeded above average in this.
Het digitaal gebiedsverbod als gemeentelijk instrument tegen online aangejaagde ordeverstoringen
Authors: Vuik Gert , Bantema Willem
Published: October 2021

The digital restraining order as a municipal instrument against disturbances of public order incited online

In 2020 and 2021 there were many examples of manifestations and disturbances in the Netherlands in which social media played an important role. On a number of occasions, fights were fought in the physical world that originated in the online world, for example from the drill rap scene. The increase in victims of digital crime also became apparent. During this period, a number of Dutch mayors came to the media with a clear message that they wanted more options/powers to respond to this. Previous research has shown that mayors cannot use powers online, but they can maintain order in other ways. Students from NHL Stenden University of Applied Sciences (in Leeuwarden) therefore conducted an exploratory study in the autumn of 2020, in collaboration with the Cybersafety research group, into the practical possibilities and (political) views with regard to administrative law options: a digital restraining order. In this contribution, attention is paid to the question of whether a digital version of the physical restraining order as a formal authority of mayors can contribute to the prevention of disturbances of public order that have their source in the online world.
Drie kernthema’s uit de evaluatie van de Wkkgz
Authors: Legemaate J. , Wijne R.P. , Knap L.J. , Friele R.D.
Published: October 2021

Drie kernthema’s uit de evaluatie van de Wkkgz

In 2016 trad de Wet kwaliteit, klachten en geschillen zorg (Wkkgz) in werking. In dit artikel wordt verslag gedaan van de eerste evaluatie van deze wet. Hieruit blijkt dat de wet bijdraagt aan de daarmee beoogde doelen, maar dat zich in de praktijk ook knelpunten voordoen. De belangrijkste daarvan worden besproken.
Kroniek rechtspraak Wet verplichte ggz en Wet zorg en dwang
Authors: Plomp E.
Published: October 2021

Kroniek rechtspraak Wet verplichte ggz en Wet zorg en dwang. Deel 1

Dit is de eerste kroniek met betrekking tot de Wet verplichte ggz (Wvggz) en Wet zorg en dwang (Wzd). Deze heeft primair betrekking op de jurisprudentie in het jaar 2020. Om een zo actueel mogelijk overzicht te bieden zijn hierin echter ook de uitspraken van de Hoge Raad en de voor de interpretatie van de wet meest relevante rechtbankuitspraken uit de periode tussen 1 januari en 1 augustus 2021 meegenomen. Deel 1 heeft betrekking op de rechtspraak met betrekking tot de Wvggz (verplichte zorg, zorgmachtiging, crisismaatregel en opeenvolging en stapeling van maatregelen). Deel 2, dat in TvGR 2021, afl. 6 zal worden opgenomen, bevat een vervolg hierop (verlenen van verplichte zorg en klachtrecht/schadevergoeding) en daarnaast een bespreking van de rechtspraak met betrekking tot de Wzd en de samenloop tussen de Wvggz en de Wzd.
Design and Implementation of Triple Band Half Mode Substrate Integrated Waveguide (HMSIW) Antenna with Compact Size
Authors: Taha Zahraa , Jassim Hafsa , Ahmed Anas , Farhan Ikhlas
Published: October 2021

This study investigated structure strategies and exploratory scenarios for a half mode substrate integrated waveguide (HMSIW) antenna. The proposed antenna consists of three Hilbert cells, which are simulated by using CST programming. The antenna was manufactured with the realities of minor imperfections and high incorporation. The proposed structure offers a suitable substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) with about a decrease in size by half. In addition, Hilbert cells were added to realize the triple-band characteristics with good impedance matching, radiation patterns, and radiation performance. The antenna was fabricated on h = 1 mm thick dielectric substrate with dielectric constant (𝜀𝑟 = 4.3). The Hilbert cells were drilled on the top plane of the antenna substrate and fed using a microstrip transmission line. The proposed antenna is small, with a slot side length of approximately half of the guided wavelength. The three developed Hilbert cell HMSIW antenna resonates at 3.25, 5.94 and 6.5 GHz with a bandwidth of 2.97, 2.25 and 2.29% within a return loss of ‑38.77, ‑35.82 -23.35 dB, respectively. The results showed enhancements in antenna gain of 3.56, 4.97 and 6.43 dBi, with a radiation efficiency of -1.253, -0.493 and -0.586 dB, respectively.
From There to Here: Evaluating the Transition of an International Advanced Pharmacy Practice Experience in London
Authors: Hasan Ishmum , Hendricks Stephanie , Todd Michaela , Yun Grace , Antoniou Sotiris , Miller Monica , Schellhase Ellen , Van-Slageren Alexandra
Published: October 2021

Purdue University College of Pharmacy offers an international advanced pharmacy practice experience (APPE) in London, England, where student pharmacists have the opportunity to work with pharmacy specialists at St. Bartholomew’s Hospital. The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted travel across the world and created the need to transition this experience from in-person to virtual. Virtual interaction with international preceptors and revised research and clinical activities can provide students with a valuable learning experience.
Melhoria de Processos de Software e Evolução de Ambientes de Desenvolvimento de Software com base no Conhecimento do Domínio e na Cultura Organizacional
Authors: Villela Karina , Santos Gleison , Travassos Guilherme H. , Rocha Ana Regina
Published: October 2021

Em busca da melhoria da qualidade de seus produtos e do aumento da produtividade de suas equipes, organizações têm prestado mais atenção em seus processos de software. Este esforço tem envolvido a definição de um processo para a organização e o estabelecimento de metas de melhoria, levando em consideração boas práticas de engenharia de software. No entanto, nossa experiência em definir processos de software para várias organizações tem mostrado que o conhecimento sobre o domínio e a cultura organizacional são aspectos importantes para a melhoria dos processos de software. Desta forma, descrevemos como nossa abordagem para a definição de processos de software e para suporte automatizado ao desenvolvimento de software evoluiu para tratar estes aspectos. O resultado foi o surgimento de duas novas famílias de ambientes de desenvolvimento de software: Ambientes de Desenvolvimento de Software Orientados a Domínio (ADSOD) e Ambientes de Desenvolvimento de Software Orientados a Organização (ADSOrg). Este artigo apresenta, ainda, um resumo das lições que temos aprendido na definição e melhoria de processos de software.
AdeQuaS: Ferramenta Fuzzy para Avaliação da Qualidade de Software
Authors: Oliveira Kelly Rejane de , Belchior Arnaldo Dias
Published: October 2021

A qualidade de software tem tido uma importância crescente como fator crucial de competitividade das organizações. A avaliação da qualidade de software é imprescindível na obtenção e garantia da qualidade tanto no processo de desenvolvimento de software quanto no produto final. Este artigo apresenta a ferramenta AdeQuaS, que tem o objetivo de dar suporte às etapas do processo de avaliação de software. É baseado no Modelo Fuzzy de Avaliação de Qualidade de Software (MFAQS), para obter resultados mais reais sobre o grau de qualidade de atributos subjetivos através do julgamento de um grupo de especialistas. Além disso, é apresentado um exemplo de automatização do processo de avaliação de Especificações de Requisitos de Software (ERS).
Uma Estratégia para Gerência do Processo baseada nos Custos da Qualidade de Software
Authors: Augusto Neto Álvaro , Sant'Anna Nilson
Published: October 2021

Este trabalho apresenta uma estratégia para gerência do processo de produção de software, voltada à proposição de ações técnicas e gerenciais que conduzam a melhorias do seu processo de produção. Utiliza-se um enfoque baseado em aspectos eminentemente quantitativos, que permitem integrar a gerência das características técnicas dos produtos desenvolvidos, representada pelo seu controle de configuração, com as características administrativas ligadas à gerência de sua produção, enfocadas pelos controles de custos de desenvolvimento e dos custos da qualidade.