bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Systematic literature reviews: An opportunity for transformation
Authors: Kaneria Jaideep , Sakshi Sharma
Published: October 2022

Life sciences industry is witnessing a paradigm shift of evidence-based approach from population to patient level. This shift is being supported by structured evidence generation methodologies like Systematic Literature Review (SLR), Real World Evidence (RWE), and others to support regulatory, clinical and policy level decision making. The amalgamation of SLR, with real world data and quantitative techniques like Meta-Analysis, Network Meta-Analysis represent highest level of evidence generation. However, the current state of generating SLR, involves manual and labor-intensive process with high dependency on developed countries. The various stakeholders worldwide viz: researchers and policy makers are demanding technology levers to optimize the end-to-end SLR process. As the future of evidence generation will be more complex, industry should        invest in smart, intelligent, and connected technology and science-based ecosystem to disrupt and        transform existing manual process. This article presents the SLR trends, challenges and potential transformation use case leveraging technology, global capability, and capacity harmonization.
Assessment of the vulnerability of groundwater to anthropogenic contaminants in Kasihan, Bantul, Yogyakarta special province, Indonesia
Authors: Bah Mohamed Allieu , Doni Prakasa Eka Putra  , Heru Hendrayana
Published: October 2022

Groundwater contamination is a ubiquitous problem, especially in developing countries such as Indonesia. Groundwater vulnerability assessment is an effective tool that provides information about the status of groundwater and potential contaminants. This approach helps in groundwater conservation and management. This study conducted an intrinsic groundwater vulnerability assessment to anthropogenic contamination in Kasihan, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. This research delineated the spatial distribution of physicochemical properties of groundwater and analysed land-use patterns. This study was conducted based on Groundwater confinement, Overlying materials and Depth to groundwater table (GOD) method. The GOD method was applied to assess the intrinsic properties of the geology and hydrogeology of the study area. Secondary land use data were analysed using GIS software to determine major anthropogenic activities in the research area. Land use and cover analysis of the study area indicated a rapid development including settlement, agricultural and industrial facilities. Groundwater vulnerability assessment showed medium to high classes. These findings suggest a high probability of contamination at present and in the future. Thus, future researchers should assess the groundwater quality of Kasihan based on specific vulnerability using groundwater flow and mass transport modelling because the investigated area is highly susceptible to pollutants.
The implications of COVID 19 on the publication of library and information science literature in Africa: A bibliometric study
Authors: Ojulong Andrew , Rhoda Diyoshak  , Constant Okello-Obura
Published: October 2022

In almost a blink of an eye COVID 19 pandemic has surprised the world with devastating effects witnessed across the globe. There was urgent need to establish whether COVID 19 has taken hold of the publishing industry based on the unprecedented pandemic situation in the modern world. The study employed desk review alongside citation and bibliographic analysis to carry out inquiry into the publications in Library and Information Science as a case covering the period 2017 to 2020 and looking at the top 10 publishing countries in Africa. There was need to ascertain the hypothesis that COVID 19 pandemic could have affected the publication trends of literature with consideration of the trajectories before and at present. Findings suggest that research output increased during COVID 19 period with Nigeria and South Africa taking the lead in publications respectively while South Africa had the highest impact factor. Uganda, and Algeria remained extremely low with disparity between countries in terms of the number of publications wider as evidenced by the higher standard deviation of 100.9.
Study on Predicting the Gasification Process of Acacia Wood on a Downdraft Gasifier: Using the Non-stoichiometric Equilibrium Model
Authors: Nguyen Thanh Luan , Hoang An Quoc , Hoang Duong Hung
Published: October 2022

This study presents a prediction of acacia wood of Vietnam gasification in a downdraft gasifier based on the thermodynamic equilibrium model. Analytical solution for the mathematical model obtained by using an EES (Engineering Equation Solver) program. In the survey, moisture content per mole of biomass MC= 10 ¸ 30%, The ratio of the actual amount of oxygen used for gasification with the amount of oxygen for complete combustion of the biomass ER= 0.21 ¸ 0.4. Results indicated that the lower heating value of syngas decreases with increasing MC or ER. Thermal efficiency tends to increase with rising ER from 0.21 to 0.374, and it will decrease if ER continues to increase. The lower heating value of dry products from 4.51 to 6.51 MJ/nm3, the heat efficiency from 49.62 to 75.53%. The carbon conversion factor tends to increase with an increase as MC or ER. The influence of MC on the carbon conversion factor is insignificant. The content of CO2 and CH4 increased, the content of CO decreased with increased MC or ER. The composition of H2 increases as MC increases while the H2 component increases slightly and then decreases with increasing ER.
Axisymmetric buckling of annular plate with internal source of heat
Authors: Pham Tan Hung
Published: October 2022

In this article, the axisymmetric stability of an elastic annular plate with distributed internal heat source under uniform constant compressive radial loading at the outer edge is investigated. The governing and compatibility equations of the annular plate are taken from modified Karman’s equations, which are solved by the shooting method. The effect of the density of distributed internal heat source on critical load is investigated and discussed in detail. Numerical results of the plate without an internal heat source are in good agreement with the results from the literature, validating the effectiveness and advantages of the current method. The critical buckling load increases with a rise of the density of distributed internal heat sources. Moreover, an increase of wave number increases the critical buckling loads of the plate. The results of this research can be considered as benchmark solutions for buckling of the annular plates with an internal heat source.
Research on the Pleating Technique by Using Cardboard Pleat and Kraft Paper
Authors: Nguyen Thi Ha Nguyen , Nguyen Thi Luyen , Nguyen Minh Nguyet , Tran Thi Truc Linh
Published: October 2022

Currently, the pleating technique is favored by famous fashion houses in the world and Vietnam because of its beauty and sophistication. This study aims to study pleating techniques, testing papers, and several polyester fabrics to form pleats under paper mold pressing by the manual heat-pressing method with three types of heat-pressed equipment such as steam iron, oven, and homemade heated box. One of the experiment results is a parameter table of the ability of fabrics and paper to pleat under certain conditions of temperature and time. Besides, a set of paper molds, a set of pleated fabric samples, and the above data table are also reference sources for major students or those who are interested in research, a collection, or a fashion project involving pleating techniques. The study is not only to add knowledge about new processing methods to the content of the material handling subject, but also to increase the ability to self-study, improve the subjectivity dynamic, and shorten self-study time in the process of creating new fashion models based on existing factory conditions.
Ứng Dụng Matlab/ Simulink Trong Tính Toán và Mô Phỏng Xe Điện Kiểu E-REV
Authors: Huỳnh Quốc Việt , Ngô Thị Ngọc Thắm , Đinh Tấn Ngọc , Trần Đình Việt
Published: October 2022

Từ các tính năng ưu việc của xe điện và xe lai, nhóm nghiên cứu đề xuất mô hình xe điện E-REV, từ các tính năng này nhóm nghiên cứu thực hiện tính toán, mô hình hoá, mô phỏng nhằm đánh giá khả năng áp dụng thực tiễn trên xe nhỏ hoạt động trong thành phố. Mục tiêu của nghiên cứu này là thiết kế kiểu xe cỡ nhỏ 04 chỗ bằng điện kết hợp với động cơ xăng nhằm kéo dài quãng đường di chuyển trong một lần sạc. Nhằm đơn giản hoá kết cấu và chương trình điều khiển, động cơ điện và động cơ đốt trong được thiết kế kết nối kiểu nối tiếp. Tính toán, mô phỏng E-REV để chọn kích thước phù hợp yêu cầu và thoã mãn các chu trình thử trong thành phố. Đề xuất thuật toán điều khiển xe E-REV để điều khiển hoạt động của động cơ và máy phát điện đảm bảo trạng thái sạc (SOC) của bộ pin. Mục tiêu chính của thuật toán được phát triển là duy trì SOC của bộ pin giữa các giới hạn nhất định theo yêu cầu xác định trước.
Hypothermic Organ Perfusion in the 2020's: Mixing the Benefits of Low Temperatures and Dynamic Flow Outside The Body
Authors: Cherkashina Daria , Petrenko Oleksandr , Fuller Barry
Published: October 2022

The cold chain supply of donor organs for transplantation has been an integral part of the delivery of transplant clinical services over the past five decades. Within the technologies used for this, hypothermic machine perfusion (HMP) was a concept, which was attractive to maintain organs under optimal conditions outside the body, and many early research studies on HMP were reported. However, it took the arrival of important new concepts to ensure that HMP was logistically feasible and valuable from an organ physiology perspective within the clinical pathways. This review provides details of the current status of HMP across the range of organs transplanted in the clinic, and discusses what new areas might benefit from applying HMP in coming years. In conclusion, HMP is now being used more frequently for clinical organ preservation in a variety of settings. As new therapies such as cell or gene therapy become more common, HMP will continue to play an important facilitator role for optimising organs in the donor pathway.
Trehalose in Extenders for Cryopreservation of Tambaqui (Colossoma Macropomum) Sperm
Authors: Junior A.S. Varela , Jardim R.D. , Streit D.P. , Cardoso T.F. , Silva E.F. , Lucia T. , Figueiredo M.R.C. , Corcini C.D.
Published: October 2022

BACKGROUND: Sugars may act as either energy substrates or non-penetrating cryoprotectants. OBJECTIVE: Inclusion of non-penetrating trehalose was tested in extenders for the cryopreservation of Tambaqui ( Colossoma macropomum) sperm. MATERIALS AND METHODS:
Sperm was extended 1/9 (v/v) in Beltsville Thawing Solution (BTS) with 10% DMSO (control) or 50, 100, 150 and 200 mM trehalose without 10% DMSO. Post-thawed sperm quality was evaluated, including fertilization and hatching rates, sperm motility, motility period and viability, integrity of
sperm membrane and DNA, and mitochondrial functionality. RESULTS: Extenders with 100 ∼ 150 mM trehalose achieved fertilization and hatching rates similar to those of the 10% DMSO-treated sperm samples. Trehalose at 100 and 150 mM provides better protection than 10% DMSO treatment
for sperm motility, viability, DNA integrity and mitochondrial functionality. Fertilization and hatching rates were highly correlated (r = 0.95, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The addition of 100 ∼ 150 mM trehalose in extender can replace 10% DMSO for the cryopreservation of C. macropomum
sperm.
EFEKTIVITAS UNIT PENGUMPUL ZAKAT (UPZ) DALAM MENINGKATKAN JUMLAH ZAKAT, INFAQ, DAN SEDEKAH TERHADAP PENINGKATAN KESEJAHTERAAN EKONOMI MUSTAHIK DESA MARGAHARJA
Authors: Munandar Eris
Published: October 2022

The Zakat Collecting Unit (UPZ) is in charge of collecting zakat and distributing it to mustahik as determined. This study aims to describe the effectiveness of the Zakat Collecting Unit (UPZ) in increasing the amount of zakat, infaq and alms funds towards increasing the Mustahik Economic Welfare of Margaharja Village. This study uses a qualitative method. Techniques for collecting data using surveys and interviews. The technique for taking samples is random sampling, which gives equal rights to each subject to have the opportunity to be selected as a sample, the sample is taken at random and according to the researcher's considerations. The results showed that the Zakat Collecting Unit (UPZ) Margaharja was successful in increasing the amount of zakat, infaq and alms funds by collecting zakat funds using the pick-up method. in 2019. Through a work program compiled by the Zakat Collecting Unit (UPZ) Margaharja seeks to change the status of mustahik to muzakki or prosper.
Disinformation and the Strategy of Combating it in the Kurdistan Region - Iraq
Authors: Omer Kaka Mohammed , Jamil Kareem Farooq
Published: October 2022

This study aims to explain the dimensions and reasons for the spread of the phenomenon of media shading and to define a comprehensive strategy to combat it by the parliament, the Kurdistan Regional Government of Iraq and the relevant unions and institutions. Where the study sample consisted of two important cases that became the subject of public opinion debate after their extensive coverage through the Kurdish media in 2021, namely: the issue of closing Hiwa Hospital for treating patients with cancer in Sulaymaniyah, and the case of the arrest and trial of a number of activists in Badinan region by local authorities on charges of espionage. The study was applied to two Kurdish news channels, namely )NRT( and )Rudaw(, and websites and social networking pages with the same names. Within the framework of the descriptive approach, a qualitative and quantitative survey was conducted for news, journalistic programs and arts that were added to cover the two cases in both channels. After a comprehensive presentation of the media situation and then analyzing the content of news )the study sample(, the researchers presented three mechanisms as a strategy to combat disinformation in the Kurdistan Region, namely: media mechanisms, legal mechanisms and administrative mechanisms. The researchers concluded that disinformation as a global phenomenon has affected the media environment in the region. The Kurdish channels were unable to protect themselves from this phenomenon. The concerned authorities did not take strategic measures to combat disinformation. This is despite the fact that the laws in force to regulate media work are not at the level of meeting the needs of this stage in combating the phenomenon of media disinformation. The study presents recommendations to the parliament, the government, and the combat solid media institutions in Iraqi Kurdistan in order to adopt a strategy to combat media disinformation, issue new laws to it, pay attention to media education and establish centers to verify the authenticity of news and information.
Supporting research during the pandemic: How the Swiss National Science Foundation has responded to COVID-19
Authors: Knüsel Irene , Wyss Stéphanie , Walther Pascal , Zbinden Marc
Published: October 2022

As the foremost research funding organisation in Switzerland, the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) plays a key role in promoting scientific research in Switzerland. In 2019, the SNSF supported 18,900 researchers with over 1 billion Swiss francs in order to promote research that benefits society, the economy, and politics. All three of these areas have been dramatically affected by the COVID-19 pandemic – with profound national and inter- national consequences. This article provides an overview of the SNSF’s national and international responses to the pandemic, discusses the challenges the SNSF has faced during the pandemic, and highlights lessons learnt so far.
Patient organisations: COVID-19 concerns related to human research
Authors:   Regulatory Affairs Platform of the SCTO
Published: October 2022

Patient organisations support and advocate for the patient communities they represent while also increasing the role of patients in improving and shaping healthcare practices, policies, and systems. During the coronavirus pandemic, patient organisations have provided their patient communities with relevant information on COVID-19 and have brought patients’ perspectives into the dialogue around COVID-19. Moreover, they have advocated for patients’ needs and concerns related to the pandemic’s effects on human research and to coronavirus vaccine development and authorisation. This article summarises several of the issues facing patient communities during the pandemic and provides examples of patient organisations’ responses to these issues.
ECRIN’s and the SCTO’s roles as COVID-19 fosters innovation and catalyses cooperation amongst European clinical research actors
Authors: Schmid Caecilia , Magnin Annette
Published: October 2022

Uncoordinated and fragmented research activities were the scientific community’s early reactions to the COVID-19 pandemic, with researchers planning and running many small stand‐alone trials or observational studies of single‐agent uses. In this article, we discuss actions that were taken by the European Clinical Research Infrastructure Network (ECRIN) and its national partner the Swiss Clinical Trial Organisation (SCTO) to address the issue of uncoordinated clinical research.
Eski Köye Yeni Zihniyet: İhap Hulusi Görey’in Grafik Tasarımlarında Köycü Söylem
Authors: AYDIN SEVİM Bilgen , METİN Ali Can
Published: October 2022

İhap Hulusi Görey (1898-1986), grafik tasarımlarıyla Türkiye’nin kitle iletişim tarihinde önemli yer edinmiş sıra dışı bir sanatçıdır. Kamu kurumu afişlerinden özel işletmelerin basın ilanlarına kadar birçok farklı türde gerçekleştirdiği çalışmalarla Cumhuriyet’in görsel hafızasının şekillenmesine büyük katkı sağlamıştır. Görey’in gerçekleştirdiği tasarımlar; görsel, işitsel ve basılı kitle iletişim araçlarının zayıf olduğu Erken Cumhuriyet Dönemi’nde (1923-1950), yeni kurulan rejimin mesajlarını halka götüren bir mecra hâline gelmiştir. Görey’in tasarımları, %85’i köylerde yaşayan ve okuryazarlık oranı %5 civarında olan imparatorluk bakiyesi bir toplumda tutum ve davranış değişikliği yaratmanın en etkili aracı olur. Görey, üst sınıf bir aileden geliyor olmasına rağmen köylünün psikolojisini çok iyi tahlil etmiş; yaptığı grafik tasarımlarda görsel ve sözel mesajları empatik bir dille kodlamıştır. Romantik bir bakış açısıyla tasarlanan bu çalışmalar, Erken Cumhuriyet Dönemi’nin köylülere yönelik ikircikli tavrının tüm handikaplarını taşır. Görey’in tasarımlarında idealize edilmiş bir kompozisyon içerisinde sunulan Türk köylüsü, hem yeni kurulan rejimin gerçek sahibi hem de Cumhuriyet elitlerinin davranış mühendisliği projesinin nesnesi olarak konumlandırılmıştır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Mehmet Asım Karaömerlioğlu’nun köycülükle ilgili argümanlarından yola çıkarak Cumhuriyet’in köylülere yönelik çelişkili söyleminin Görey’in grafik tasarımlarındaki yansımasını ortaya koymaktır. Bu çerçevede, amaçlı örneklem kapsamında kriter örneklem olarak seçilen Görey’e ait on tasarımın Eleştirel Söylem Çözümlemesi (ESÇ) yapılmıştır.
Assessment and Prediction of Rainfall-Runoff Models Using GR4J in the Klela Basin in Mali
Authors: Keita Souleymane , Toure Adama , Mounir Zakari Mahamadou , Daou Ibrahima , Diancoumba Oumou
Published: October 2022

The study on water resources is very important for a country like Mali Republic. This is because the climate of the Sahel is projected by many climate scenarios that contribute to a premature dry season. So, the Klela basin being one of the affected areas by the phenomenon is selected for this study. Hence, it is interesting to evaluate this vital resource for a better planning in order to facilitate the decision making from the concerned authorities. For this research, the hydrological model, GR4J, is used to evaluate the dynamics of the surface water flow. The main objective of this study is to assess and predict (using scenarios RCP4.5 and RCP8.5) the correlation between rainfall and runoff in the Klela basin. In tandem with on this objective, the water flow and climate data were used as input data into the GR4J model. The model was calibrated and evaluated using the time series data 2000-2007 and 2008-2013, respectively. The performance of the model was evaluated mainly based on the Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency. The overall outputs display that the surface water flow is declining over time and this is more significant in the worst scenario RCP8.5.
IMPLEMENTASI ARDUINO UNO DALAM PERANCANGAN MSW 3OOWatt PADA PEMBANGKIT LISTRIK TENAGA ANGIN
Authors: Rudianov Terzha , Saragih Yuliarman , Sirait Patia Welly , Waluyo Puji , Suroyo
Published: October 2022

In the use of power plants that produce DC voltage, such as Solar panels (PLTS), Wind Power Plants (PLTB), Micro Hydro Power Plants (PLTMH), and others. Inverter is an important tool, inverter is a tool used to convert DC voltage into AC. The Modified Sine Wave Inverter is a type of inverter that produces a modified square wave. The design is done by connecting the inverter input to the battery and then connecting the jack to the inverter output so that the load being tested can be easily replaced with another output load, which is displayed by an oscilloscope of the form modified wave. The results of the research using this inverter produce the highest efficiency at an inductive load of 58.92% at a Blender load and the lowest efficiency of 1.67% at a 5 watt load.
PROTOTIPE ATAP STADION OTOMATIS BERBASIS IoT (INTERNET OF THING) DENGAN APLIKASI BLYNK
Authors: Fahmi Alfian , Saragih Yuliarman , Sirait Patia Welly , Suroyo
Published: October 2022

Stadium is the venue for sport activities like football, athletics, and and also be used for opening and ceremonial venue, and music concerts. The application of stadium roof is needed to anticipate unpredictable weather conditions that can hinder the running event. The stadium prototipe are made by using an electrical actuator in the form of a servo motor. The prototype have 3 input sensors in the form of LDR sensor, water level sensor, and DHT11 sensor, which function for read a weather condition around the stadium and for output using mini roof programmed using NodeMCU. Analysis of roof stadium performance testing is carried out with variables and parameters, and the test include the water level sensor test in reading weather conditions, servo motion test, DHT 11 sensor test to read temperature and humidity, and LDR sensor test to read conditions in the stadium. In the water level sensor test and the LDR sensor test there is no error. In the DHT11 sensor test error was found 0,6% for temperature reading and 1,9% error for humidity reading. In the servo motion test average success is 98,1% for first servo and 96,8% for second servo.
Insecticidal Activity of Essential Oils from Mint and Ajwain against Pulse Beetle Callosobruchus chinensis (L)
Authors: Pipariya Grishma , Sharma Pankaj , Pandya Nishi , Parikh Pragna
Published: October 2022

The present study evaluates the insecticidal activity of two essential Oil (EOs) mint (Mentha arvensis), and ajwain (Carum capyicum) against pulse beetle (Callosobruchus chinensis) (L). Contact toxicities of these were evaluated using parameters of lifecycle like total development period, numbers of eggs laid, adult emergence and adult longevity. Along with these detoxification enzyme inhibition activities of acetyl cholinesterase (AChE), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), transaminases enzymes- aspartate aminotransferases (AST) and alanine aminotransferases (ALT) and total protein were estimated. EOs were observed showing toxicity (mint LC50 = 5.9 μl/ ml and ajwain LC50= 7.02 μl/ ml). Exposure of EOs altered the lifecycle parameters significantly (p<0.01). The detoxification enzyme inhibition activities were also significant (p<0.01). Thus, it is concluded that these EOs can be recommended as safe and ecofriendly alternatives.
Factors Affecting the Acceptance of Dairy Farming Standards by Modernized Farmers for Agricultural Extension in Thailand
Authors: Rapankum Narawut , Hanmontree Rueangrit , Srilapat Chanoknan , Niljinda Kanjanaporn , Chaisombut Phornphat
Published: October 2022

Milk production in compliance with dairy farm standards (DFS) assists farmers in improving the quality of local raw milk, facilitating more efficient farm management, and potentially increasing raw milk prices. In addition, it helps consumers to consume milk that is safe for their health. This study aimed to investigate the factors affecting the acceptance of DFS among modernized farmers in Sakon Nakhon and Udon Thani, Thailand. A total of 201 respondents were selected using the cluster sampling method. A structured questionnaire was utilized to collect data. The data were analyzed using binary logistic regression with 12 variables: age, education, experience in dairy farming, types of labor, size of dairy farming land, farm size, amount of raw milk yields, processing cost of raw milk, the profitability of raw milk production, access to and use of information on dairy farming, number of attended dairy farming workshops, and farmer satisfaction towards their dairy cooperative administration. The results indicate that modernized dairy farmers with more experience, medium-sized farms (21-100 dairy cows/farm), combined family and hired labor, and higher raw milk yield were more willing to accept DFS. This result is relevant in the context of agricultural extension according to government policies to raise the quality of raw milk in Thailand.
Beneficios y beneficiarios del comercio de esclavos en Cuba (1815-1867)
Authors: Rodrigo y Alharilla Martín
Published: October 2022

A partir de documentación privada, el artículo ofrece un cálculo tanto de la tasa de ganancia como del beneficio unitario por cautivo desembarcado obtenidos por los armadores dedicados al comercio de africanos esclavizados en Cuba. Lo hace para los últimos años del comercio legal, así como para su fase ilegal. Los indicios recogidos apuntan a que dicha ilegalización provocó un aumento tendencial de los beneficios obtenidos por los armadores de la trata, básicamente porque el precio de los cautivos en África se mantuvo bajo mientras subía notablemente el precio de los esclavos en la isla. Dichas ganancias se repartieron entre todos aquellos que participaron en dicha actividad: armadores, inversores, capitanes, oficiales, marineros, consignatarios, vendedores, funcionarios, etc. Su implicación en el comercio de esclavos permitió a muchos individuos conseguir sus primeros caudales, con los que pudieron luego emprender una fecunda carrera empresarial en otros negocios. A partir del análisis de varios casos individuales se demuestra que el comercio ilegal de africanos esclavizados estuvo detrás de algunas de las principales fortunas de la España del siglo xix, un fenómeno que afectó a las principales ciudades del país.
Hipótesis de conflicto en el cono sur: Chile ante Perú, 1968-1979
Authors: Fermandois Joaquín , Hurtado-Torres Sebastián
Published: October 2022

Se ha afirmado repetidamente que en la década de 1970 existió la posibilidad de una guerra internacional clásica entre países del cono sur, incentivada por la existencia de dictaduras militares en la mayoría de ellos. Había una tensión entre la simpatía, o alianza ideológica, y la visión geopolítica, nacionalista /territorial, herencia del siglo xix, que de vez en cuando emergía a la superficie en el siglo xx. Los años setenta fue una de esas ocasiones. Hay muchas referencias a esta situación, pero no existen estudios en profundidad. Este artículo constituye una primera pieza, basada en fuentes primarias para el caso chileno, con asistencia de archivos norteamericanos, ingleses y de las dos Alemanias. Chile afrontaba un grave aislamiento internacional —producto de la reacción mundial al golpe y a la dictadura—, situación más compleja y precaria por la posibilidad de conflicto(s) internacional.
Mujeres «solas» en el exilio. Vulnerabilidades, violencias y resistencias de las refugiadas españolas en Francia (1939-1978)
Authors: Martínez Martínez Alba
Published: October 2022

Este artículo analiza los contextos que hicieron de las refugiadas españolas en Francia sujetos vulnerables, identifica los perfiles susceptibles de sufrir las consecuencias de la vulnerabilidad con mayor intensidad y desentraña las resistencias femeninas para hacer frente a esta. Identificamos que hubo tres contextos tendentes a intensificar su vulnerabilidad: el cruce de la frontera-internamiento, el espacio laboral y el proceso de consecución del estatuto de refugiada. Observamos que las mujeres «solas» estuvieron más expuestas a violencias tanto directas como simbólicas. Pese a todo, no fueron meros cuerpos sufrientes, sino sujetos con agencia para dignificar su nueva condición de refugiada
A Genre-based Approach to Teaching Descriptive Report Writing to Japanese EFL University Students
Authors:   Ryukoku University, Japan, Nagao Akiko
Published: October 2022

This mixed-methods study explored the effects of employing a genre-based approach (GBA) to descriptive report writing on the understanding of text structure and ideational, interpersonal and textual meanings among Japanese university students of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) over a 15-week course divided into three units. Applied within a systemic functional linguistics (SFL) framework, the GBA allowed micro- and macro-analyses of essays from 23 first-year university students with low/high proficiency in English and limited/extensive second-language writing experience. Quantitative analysis collected general impression scores from all students’ essays at three time points using the SFL rubric. Qualitative investigation applied clause structure annotations to identify and analyse the functional parts of the clause from three metafunctional perspectives—ideational, interpersonal and textual—on descriptive genre essays by EFL learners. Lower-proficiency and novice EFL students demonstrated an improved understanding of the content, events and background information of the essay topics (ideational), and the social and power relationships between readers and writers (interpersonal). By comparison, high-proficiency and experienced students demonstrated a better understanding of the structure and coherence of the essay. This study was limited in developing an understanding of the use of pronouns and auxiliary verbs, which should be addressed in future studies.
Creating a translanguaging space through Languaging: Reflections on design as English Language Specialist in Vietnam
Authors:   University of Hawai'i at Manoa, USA, Zheng Dongping
Published: October 2022

I am thankful for this invitation to say a few things about translanguaging. Since I just returned from Vietnam as an English Language Specialist for a translanguaging project, I thought it would be refreshing to situate my short note around the activities I created for translanguaging workshops in Vietnam. The translanguaging project encompassed three phases. Phase I and Phase II were conducted online and the tangible product is our translanguaging pedagogy booklets for K-12 English language teachers in Vietnam. The translanguaging project is large in scale, but I will only mention names with whom I collaborated with directly. This serves as my first step to contextualize my stance on translanguaging. The inner circle of the team were Specialists Mary Shepard Wong and myself, plus our Vietnamese counterparts, Dr. Vũ Thị Thanh Nhã, Ms. Trần Kiều Hạnh VNU, and Dr. Le Van Canh. In light of the social phenomenological nature of translanguaging, I see the project as a distributed cognitive system (Hutchins, 1995), which also included but was not limited to the workshop participants, RELOs, Zoom-mediated collaborative activities, my first-person perspective on translanguaging, and my observer’s experiences in Vietnam. It is the interactivity of all these microsystems that contextualize my stance and design. However, the theoretical positioning and activity design are of my own, so is my gratitude for the opportunity to work on this pioneering project.
Auto-scoring of Student Speech: Proprietary vs. Open-source Solutions
Authors:   Kochi University of Technology, Japan, Daniels Paul
Published: October 2022

This paper compares the speaking scores generated by two online systems that are designed to automatically grade student speech and provide personalized speaking feedback in an EFL context. The first system, Speech Assessment for Moodle (SAM), is an open-source solution developed by the author that makes use of Google’s speech recognition engine to transcribe speech into text which is then automatically scored using a phoneme-based algorithm. SAM is designed as a custom quiz type for Moodle, a widely adopted open-source course management system. The second auto-scoring system, EnglishCentral, is a popular proprietary language learning solution which utilizes a trained intelligibility model to automatically score speech. Results of this study indicated a positive correlation between the speaking scores generated by both systems, meaning students who scored higher on the SAM speaking tasks also tended to score higher on the EnglishCentral speaking tasks and vice versa. In addition to comparing the scores generated from these two systems against each other, students’ computer-scored speaking scores were compared to human-generated scores from small-group face-to-face speaking tasks. The results indicated that students who received higher scores with the online computer-graded speaking tasks tended to score higher on the human-graded small-group speaking tasks and vice versa.
Retirement — Hanging Up the Stethoscope
Authors: Baum Neil , Mobley David
Published: October 2022

Physicians are well-educated in diagnosing and treating medical conditions but receive no guidance on how to exit the practice of medicine. As a result, few of us know when to leave the umbrella or the cocoon of healthcare. Even worse, we have no guidelines on what to do once we hang up the stethoscope and take down the shingle and how to go from working 60 hours a week to zero with nothing to fill the days.
Digital Humanities for Sustainable Learning: Lessons from Documentary Linguistics
Authors: Atindogbe Gratien G
Published: October 2022

The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate that documentary linguistics (DL), through its objectives (safeguard endogen knowledge), tools (digital technologies), methods (collaborative research), and results (digital archiving of data for posterity), constitutes a stable base onto which African education systems must reform. Admitting that a young Africa rich in natural and human resources but living in abject poverty is a paradox that can only be broken through education (Nana Akufo-Ado, pc), then, there is need to invent new ways to “do education” on the continent, in other to achieve sustainable development. Remote working and online education imposed on the world by the Covid-19 pandemic has come to exacerbate Africa's digital divide (DD). Despite the reality that close to 90% of students in Sub-Saharan Africa do not have access to learning tools like computers at home, and 82% lack access to the internet (Sikiti Da Silva, 2020), I argue that DL, as an academic discipline of the digital humanities (DHs), is a palpable means to contribute to closing the DD. Indeed, DL permits to increase computer literacy, enhance digital learning, and build academic resilience in Africa.
Breast cancer, clinical-emotional correlation identified by applying AELI® KINETEST
Authors: Valdés Izquierdo Libertad , Quintana Morejón Wilmer , Borroto Bravo Daymi , Herrera Wainshtok Ana Claribel , Hernández Cuetara Lourdes
Published: October 2022

Introduction: breast cancer is a health problem with great impact nationally and internationally. It constitutes a challenge for the medical personnel who face it, requiring a multidisciplinary approach due to its complexity.
Aim: to describe the results of the application of the AELI® KINETEST protocol in patients with breast cancer.
Methods: a technological innovation, descriptive, longitudinal, cross-sectional, descriptive study was carried out using a qualitative methodology in the Bioenergetic Medicine Clinic of the Miguel Enriquez Hospital. The sample constituted by the 24 patients presenting said disease proven by biopsy in the period from January to December 2017.
Results: breast cancer predominates more in the female sex in 95,8 %. There was correspondence between emotional conflict, biological laterality and anatomical location.
Conclusions: the use of the muscle test of the AELI® KINETEST protocol complemented the diagnosis of the emotional conflictual situation
ccessing the Sustainable Potential of Urban Projects Towards Smart Cities in Japan and the Middle East
Authors:   Ontario Institute for Studies in Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada, Hu Yingyilong
Published: October 2022

Today’s new perspectives on ‘smart’ cities are becoming increasingly different from the past when people thought about the idea of urbanism which was the central terminology for studying the changing urban environment. With the rapid development of cities, the definitions and functions of urbanization are shifting towards green-urban development and sustainable ‘smart’ innovations. These changes are because of globalization, goals of a green future, and inter-cooperation locally and globally. This paper examines the sustainable potential of urban projects towards ‘smart’ cities in Fukuoka, Japan, and Dubai, the Middle East, with the two different cases and follows discussion on the aspects of ‘smart’ and ‘greening’. This article incorporates a fourfold methodology. First, the conceptualization of ‘urbanism’ is explored by examining the previously researched accomplishments and terminologies about urban studies and smart cities. Secondly, the Japanese case study on the city of Fukuoka is analyzed by considering Fukuoka is a great example since it innovates and practices on the built environment with the thinking of sustainability and the geographic feature of Japan where it has been reported that Japan is in a high threat level of natural disasters. Thirdly, the Dubai case study is argued by criticizing how the urban projects serve and improve the city in the ‘smart’ and ‘greening’ way and paying attention to the real estate and man-made environment. Fourth, this paper is concluded with a discussion to extract the points of smart cities and sustainable development from the two cases. In summary, the applicability of the sustainable potential of urban projects in Fukuoka and Dubai may provide real-life examples for reviewing and studying. The future operations in urban development and the innovative constructions in smart cities would be case by case based on the individual circumstances of different cities worldwide to react and manage the influences and changes caused by an unpredictable climate.
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Authors: VAILLANT-ROUSSEL H , LEBEAU J-P
Published: October 2022

Oui, mais le soi-disant « neutre », en pratique, il est toujours masculin. – Mais pas du tout ! On dit bien « les infirmières » par exemple. – Ah ! Voilà : les infirmières. Et t’as quoi d’autre comme exemple ? – … – Je ne vois pas pourquoi on n’écrirait pas « la professeure », ni en quoi ça gêne la lecture. – Mais j’ai jamais dit ça ! « La professeure » ça ne me gêne pas, et ça me paraît normal. Ce qui me gêne c’est « le·la professeur·e ». Et ça ne me gêne pas sur le fond : c’est juste illisible en pratique. – En réalité, il n’y a plus de débat : l’écriture inclusive est déjà là. Ça correspond à une évolution sociétale, et c’est toujours ça qui fait évoluer la langue. Et puis on n’est pas obligé de mettre des points médians partout. Il y a plusieurs possibilités d’écriture inclusive. On peut choisir, mixer. Travailler son style écrit et parlé pour être inclusif. C’est d’abord un état d’esprit. – Oui, bon, d’accord, mais à ce moment-là pourquoi on écrirait « ils·elles » et pas « elles·ils » ? – Voilà qui apporte une vraie question au débat… – Oui, eh ben justement : il était convenu de laisser le débat sur la forme aux relecteurs·rices. – Moyennant quoi les femmes de la rédaction sont plutôt favorables, et les relectrices plutôt réservées ! On n’échappera pas au débat… – Alors, autant revenir au débat sur le fond. Ce qui me pose problème, c’est que l’aspect militant de la forme risque de masquer la description du réel, de faire passer pour opinion un résultat scientifique. C’est d’autant plus embêtant que la réalité décrite dans ces articles est franchement problématique. – Mais ça, c’est toujours vrai. On choisit pas un sujet de recherche par hasard. On veut toujours étayer une hypothèse, ou au moins la tester, la discuter. Quant à nous, on se pose toujours la question de savoir jusqu’où on va dans l’édition, c’est-à-dire : qu’est-ce qui ne relève réellement que de la forme ? – C’est vrai. Mais ça ne change rien à ma réserve : non seulement c’est pas comme ça qu’on va réduire les inégalités salariales, mais en plus on prend le risque de laisser croire qu’on se contente de ça. – De toute façon, c’est les choix des auteur·rice·s On doit le respecter. – Bien sûr ! La question ne se pose même pas. On verra bien ce qu’en pensent les lecteur·trice·s…
Femmes victimes de violences sexuelles
Authors: BES DE BERC A , GUESSOUM Y , LEVEQUE C
Published: October 2022

Contexte. En France, 14,5 % des femmes sont victimes de violences sexuelles en France au cours de leur vie. Ces violences ont des conséquences à court et long termes sur la santé des victimes. Pourtant, seulement 16 % de l’ensemble des victimes ont en parlé à un·e médecin. Objectif. Explorer les freins au recours aux médecins généralistes ressentis par les femmes victimes de violences sexuelles. Mé thode. Vingt-trois entretiens individuels semi-dirigés ont été réalisés avec des femmes majeures ayant subi des violences sexuelles (viols, tentatives de viols…). L’analyse thématique des verbatims a été réalisée par deux chercheur·se·s. Résultats. Les résultats ont mis en évidence quatre problématiques principales. La première concernait les difficultés à s’identifier comme victime : amnésie des violences, difficultés à nommer les violences, méconnaissance de leurs retentissements. Deuxièmement, les freins liés à une « loi du silence », regroupaient le tabou sociétal, le secret familial et les menaces de l’agresseur, qui généraient des pensées inhibitrices fortes (honte, culpabilité, douleur, peur…). La troisième problématique était spécifique à la médecine générale. Les freins étaient la perception des violences sexuelles comme ne relevant pas des soins premiers, une relation médecin-patiente insatisfaisante, l’absence de questions concernant les violences sexuelles, la durée limitée de la consultation. Enfin, un accueil négatif de cette parole par le·la médecin généraliste nuisait à la poursuite de la prise en charge. Conclusion. Les résultats de l’étude ont permis de mettre en évidence des freins liés à la relation patiente-médecin mais aussi des freins psychosociaux importants. Une politique de santé publique spécifique aux violences sexuelles semble primordiale pour créer un environnement socio-culturel favorable aux révélations des violences et à la prise en charge des victimes.
Empathie des étudiants en médecine
Authors: BITOUN A , BUFFEL DU VAURE C , LUCET C , JAURY P , MALMARTEL A
Published: October 2022

Contexte. Pour évaluer l’empathie clinique des étudiants en médecine, le score JSPE-MS© (Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy-Medical Student), validé en anglais, semble être un outil plus pertinent que l’IRI (Interpersonal Reactivity Index), validé en français mais non spécifique de l’empathie médicale. Objectif. L’objectif de cette étude était de valider le score JSPE-MS© en langue française. Méthode. Une étude transversale monocentrique incluait les étudiants en 5e et 6e année de médecine à l’Université Paris-Descartes, en 2013- 2014. La JSPE-MS© originale a été traduite de l’anglais vers le français et rétro-traduite par deux traducteurs indépendants. Un comité d’experts a ensuite validé la version française. Des autoquestionnaires électroniques initiaux (J0) et à trois mois (M3) comportaient la JSPE-MS© et l’IRI. Le processus de validation nécessitait une analyse factorielle, le calcul du coefficient de Cronbach, une étude de reproductibilité entre J0 et M3 et une étude de corrélation entre JSPE-MS© et IRI. Résultats. Pour les 131 étudiants inclus à J0, l’analyse factorielle retrouvait les trois dimensions de la JSPE-MS©. Le coefficient de Cronbach était de 0,65 et la corrélation entre les scores globaux de la JSPE-MS© et de l’IRI était de 0,66. La corrélation entre J0 et M3 était de 0,62. Optimiser la cotation à partir des résultats de l’analyse factorielle n’améliorait que peu les performances de la JSPE-MS©. Conclusion. La JSPE-MS© est un outil valide en français dans l’évaluation de l’empathie des étudiants en médecine qui peut également être utilisé dans la formation à la relation médecin-patient.
Quelles sont les motivations des patients consultant au service d’accueil des urgences pour des motifs relevant d’une consultation de médecine générale ?
Authors: BOUILLON J-B , MIKOLAJCZYK T , ROUSSON C , CAMBON B , DALL ACQUA D , DUTHEIL F , SCHMIDT J
Published: October 2022

Contexte. L’encombrement des services d’accueil des urgences (SAU) est au coeur de l’actualité. Cette saturation crée de multiples insatisfactions pour les usagers et pour le personnel médical. Une des causes évoquées est la présence de consultations jugées inappropriées par les SAU. Objectif. Explorer les motivations des patients consultant au SAU pour des motifs relevant d’une consultation de médecine générale. Méthode. Étude qualitative avec analyse inductive générale réalisée en 2017 par des entretiens semi-dirigés auprès de 76 patients adultes consultant au SAU pour des motifs de médecine générale pendant les horaires de permanence de soins. Résultats. La définition de l’urgence pour les patients était complexe. La traumatologie au SAU faisait l’unanimité. Ils élargissaient la définition de l’urgence avec l’absence d’alternatives médicales. La motivation principale de consultation au SAU était la facilité d’accès aux soins et la facilité organisationnelle. L’offre de soins en ambulatoire ne permettait pas de répondre à la demande des patients. Les patients étaient conscients que l’encombrement des SAU était responsable d’un temps d’attente plus long. Ils l’expliquaient par un manque de personnels au SAU et par un excès de consultations jugées inappropriées. Conclusion. Les patients ne définissaient plus l’urgence comme une urgence réelle ou ressentie, mais comme une nécessité de consulter immédiatement pour avoir des réponses rapides à leur problème de santé. Notre système de soins doit être réorganisé.