bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Physical and microbiological properties of sausage with addition of crude bacteriocin supernatant Lactobacillus fermentum L23 in cold storage
Authors: Melia S , Purwati E , Kurnia Y F , Ferawati  , Aisyah E , Agazi G S
Published: April 2020

The purpose of this study was to determine the physical and microbiological properties of sausages with the addition of crude bacteriocin supernatant Lactobacillus fermentum L23 stored at cold temperatures. Research used a completely randomized design (CRD) 4x3 factorial pattern with 2 replications as a group. Factor A was application of bacteriocin concentration which consists of 4 levels, namely A1: 0%, A2: 3%, A3: 6%, A4: 9%. Factor B was the storage time at cold temperatures, namely B1: 0 days, B2: 6 days, B3: 12 days. The results showed that there was a significant interaction (P<0.05) on differences in the addition of bacteriocin supernatant concentration and storage time in cold temperatures, against total aerobic bacterial colonies, but there was no interaction (P>0.05) on moisture content and the pH value of sausages. Factor A can have a significant effect on the pH of the sausage, while factor B can have a significant effect on the moisture content of sausage. The conclusion of this study is that the best bacteriocin supernatant concentration for sausages is 6% and storage time in cold temperatures for 6 days with 62.52% moisture content, pH 5.75 and total plate count 4 x 103 CFU/g.
Dampit Robusta coffee leaf tea (Coffea canephora) potential for kidney stone therapy
Authors: Fibrianto K , Sari H P , Hartari A
Published: April 2020

Robusta coffee leaf (Coffea canephora) is part of coffee plants that have not been utilized optimally. Coffee leaves contain flavonoids, alkaloids, caffeine, saponins, and other polyphenols that may contribute to prevent degenerative diseases such as kidney stone disease. This study aims to determine the dissolved calcium oxalate levels in-vitro as affected by coffee leaf tea. The experiment was conducted by Completely Randomized Block Design with 2 factors; namely leaf type (old non-oxidative leaf, old oxidative leaf, young non-oxidative leaf, young oxidative leaf) and the second factor was the concentration of coffee leaf tea powder (1%, 3%, 5%). The results showed that differences in leaf type and concentration of coffee leaf tea powder significantly affected the decay of calcium oxalate. The non-oxidative old leaf types with concentration of 5% shows the highest ability to dissolve calcium oxalate.
Improvement of physicochemical characteristics of kano white yam flour (Dioscorea rotundata) through fermentation process using SBM.3D and SBM.4A lactic acid bacteria
Authors: Wahyuni S , Khaeruni A , Faradilla R H F , Asnani  , Dewi N D P , Zikira S
Published: April 2020

This research aimed to determine the effects of the fermentation process using SBM.3D and SBM.4A lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolates on the physicochemical characteristic of kano white yam flour. This research used a factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of two factors. The results showed that the interaction of LAB types and LAB concentrations had very significant effects on the viscosity (30.10 cP), swelling power (11.40 g/g), water solubility index (21.91%), and the acidity (pH=6.20) of white yam flour. Based on SEM and FTIR analysis showed that liberation of starch from within the granules which can result in changes chemical properties, viscosity, and morphology of the resulting starches. We conclude that the physical properties of flour improved after fermentation process using SBM.3D and SBM.4A LAB isolates.
Assessment of drying method and pretreatment size on characteristic of dried chilli powder
Authors: Romauli N D M , Purba H F , Purba T , Manurung E D , Ambarita H
Published: April 2020

The aim of this assessment was to investigate the characteristic of dried chilli powder with different drying methods and pretreatmen size before dried. Chilli was cutted half and sliced before dried using solar drying or gas oven and then grind dried red chilli in a blender to produce chilli powder. The pretreatments is to make drying time shorter therefore can get better colour and vitamin C. The characteristic parameters were moisture content, colour (L*, a*, b* values), ash and vitamin C content. The results showed that the colour and vitamin C of dried chilli powder using solar drying was higher than that using oven. In addition, the sensory evaluation of abon cabe using the best quality of dried chilli mixture with fried shallots, fried garlic powder, andaliman powder, roasted teri and terasi were observed.
The effect of addition natural preservatives from jackfruit wood during storage on pH, total microbes, taste and colour of palm oil sap
Authors: Elvina T S , Nurminah M , Karo-Karo T
Published: April 2020

There is an increase in the growth of oil palm plantations every year in Indonesia. Every oil palm which is no longer productive will be replanted. Oil palm sap can be produced from oil palm replanted. Oil palm sap is a raw material that is easily damaged. Jackfruit wood can be used to prevent damaged on palm oil sap. This research study used a completely factorial randomized design with 2 factors, the concentration of jackfruit wood added (K): (3%, 6%, 9%, 12%) and storage time (T): (0 days, 1 day, 2 days, 3 days). The result showed that the concentration of jackfruit wood had effect on pH, total microbes, taste and colour. The storage time had effect on pH, total microbes, and taste. Interaction of the concentration of jackfruit wood and the storage time had significant different on pH. The result showed that the best oil palm sap was from the treatment the percentage increase of 12% jackfruit wood and storage for 3 days.
The effect of maturity level on pH, total soluble solid, protein and fat content of asam gelugur (Garcinia atroviridis) from North Sumatera
Authors: Nurminah M , Julianti E , Karo-Karo T
Published: April 2020

Asam Gelugur (Garcinia atroviridis) a type of endemic plant that is found in Indonesia widely planted by farmers. Asam gelugur have been used for traditional food like gulai pindang, asam pedas, arsik and manisan. This paper deal about effect maturity level on pH, total soluble solid, fat content of asam gelugur (Garcinia atroviridis) from North Sumatera. The results showed that when the level of maturity increased the protein decreased, meanwhile when the level maturity increased the pH, total soluble solid and fat content increased.
Analysis of cadmium (Cd) heavy metal content in Mangrove Crab (Scylla olivacea) meat at Lake Siombak
Authors: Yusni E , Melati P
Published: April 2020

The presence of heavy metals in the aquatic environment must be monitored for their presence. This study aims to determine the content of heavy metals cadmium (Cd) in water and mangrove crabs (Scylla olivacea). Water and crab samples were taken in June-July 2019. The Cd content in water has exceeded the quality standard of Kepmen LH of 2004, Cd content in crabs is still below the quality standard of BPOMRI of 2018. It can be concluded, that the content of heavy metal Cd in water has exceeded the quality standard and crabs are still below the quality standard.
Relationship of spatial and temporal characteristics of water conditions and Rastreliger kanagurta production in the Malacca Strait using satellite imagery
Authors: Harahap Z A , Nasution H K , Leidonald R
Published: April 2020

The eastern coast waters of North Sumatra is a fishing ground with a high level of exploitation. One of commodity catches in the eastern coast of Sumatra is mackarel (Rastrelliger kanagurta). By understanding the parameters of oceanography, especially sea surface temperature and chlorophyll-a, it can help to predict fishing area which are used as a guide for the purpose of fishes catching or exploitation. One of the satellites that can detect sea water temperature and chlorophyll-a is Aqua (EOS PM) with a moderate resolution imaging spectro radiometer sensor (MODIS). Mackerel catch data were obtained from ocean fishing port in Belawan. Sea surface temperature eastern coast of North Sumatra based on Aqua MODIS image analysis ranged from 29.55-31.66°C, and chlorophyll-a distribution has a range of 1.56-4.65 mg/m3. Mackerel catches fluctuations every month. The highest average catch is 232.174 tons which occurred in February. While the lowest catch is 201.457 which occurred in May. The results of the correlation between catching mackerel and sea surface temperature of -0.337 have a weak and not direct relationship. Relationship of chlorophyll-a with catches obtained a positive correlation value of 0.660 which indicates that between chlorophyll-a and catches has a strong and direct relationship.
Estimation of Frigate Tuna (Auxis thazard) resource potential from Sibolga Waters
Authors: Fadhilah A , Juniyanti D , Soemaryono Y , Susetya I E
Published: April 2020

Frigate Tuna (Auxis thazard) is one of commercial production of large pelagic fish fisheries in Sibolga Waters. The high demand for this fish has led to large-scale fishing practices that can disrupt the balance of fish populations in nature. Therefore, the objectives of the present study were to determine the maximum sustainable potential (Maximum Sustainable Yield), optimum effort (fopt), and to find out the level of utilization, effort and catch of Frigate Tuna allowed. The secondary data analysis was using the Fox model. The results showed that the sustainable potential (MSY) of Frigate Tuna resources from Sibolga Waters amounted to 7,664.108239 kg/year with fopt value was 2, 539.025526 trips/year. utilization rate over the past 5 years has an average value of 153.2106% and an effort rate of 123.01%. It is concluded that the utilization resource level of Frigate Tuna from Sibolga Waters has been overfishing.
Analysis of community structure of grouper fish catches (Serranidae) in Medang Deras District, Batubara Regency
Authors: Fadhilah A , Setiani T P , Susetya I E , Soemaryono Y , Yusni E
Published: April 2020

Grouper fish is the catch of traditional fishermen in the district of Medang Deras, Batubara Regency, Sumatera Utara Province. Sampling was carried out at two landing stations located in the District of Medang Deras, Batubara Regency. This study aims to determine the value of diversity indices, evenness indices and dominance of grouper catches. The catch of Grouper fish landed in Medang Deras District, all come from the Serranidae family of nine species, and two genera. The Diversity Indices value of grouper at Station I 1.62 and Station II 1.38. The Evenness Indices value at station I 0.74 and at station II 0.71. The Dominance Indices value at station I 0.26 and at station II 0.30. While the temporal indices value of grouper diversity in May 1.74 and in June 1.60, the Evenness Indices in May 0.79 and in June 0.77. The Dominance Indices value in May 0.22 and in June 0.25.
Analysis of heavy metal of copper (Cu) and lead (Pb) at Siombak Lake North Sumatera Province
Authors: Yusni E , Ifanda D
Published: April 2020

This research to knew heavy metal concentrate of copper (Cu) and lead (Pb) in the water and sediment. From this results showed indicated physics chemical parameter of Siombak Lake stilled in the normal range. The concentrations heavy metal copper (Cu) in the water column all the stations in sequence 0.525 mg/l, 0.54 mg/l, 0.51 mg/l and then the concentration heavy metal lead (Pb) in the water column 0.00165 mg/l, 0.0156 mg/l, 0.0148 mg/l. While heavy metal concentration of copper (Cu) in the sediment all the stations in sequence 2.68 mg/kg, 2.47 mg/kg and 21.54 mg/kg and then concentration of heavy metal lead (Pb) of 6.045 mg/kg, 7.17 mg/kg and 4.77 mg/kg. This result indicated the concentration of heavy metal copper and lead in the water column had exceeded the quality standard and concentration of copper and lead in sediment had not exceeded the quality standard.
Spatial distribution of mangroves in tidal lake ecosystem
Authors: Muhtadi A , Yulianda F , Boer M , Krisanti M
Published: April 2020

Siombak Lake is a tidal lake whose waters are affected by Belawan tidal in the Malacca Strait. The characteristics of the waters are dynamic, especially its salinity. The existence of salinity causes the lake and the surrounding area growth by mangrove. This study aims to map the distribution and condition of mangrove forests in Siombak Lake. This research was carried out in Siombak Lake, Medan City, North Sumatra Province in August 2019. The data were collected of mangrove vegetation and density at the study site. The results of research on Siombak Lake found 14 species of mangrove. There are 2 species of mangrove that is rarely found before, that is found at the research location, namely the powder-puff tree and looking glass tree. Nipa palm and mangrove apple are mangrove species that have the highest distribution and density in the Siombak Lake ecosystem. The condition of mangroves at the Siombak Lakeside is in damage to good condition, while in the Siombak Lake ecosystem can be said in good condition.
Relationship between substrate characteristics and abundance of Polychaeta in Tanjung Tiram Waters, Batubara Regency, Sumatera Utara Province
Authors: Susetya I E , Fadillah P , Leidonald R , Fadhilah A
Published: April 2020

The existence of polychaeta in water is very important to support the life of organisms and illustrate the fertility of the waters. This study aims to measure the content of C-organic in the substrate and determine the relationship of substrate characteristics to the diversity of polychaeta. This research was conducted in the waters of Tanjung Tiram, Batubara Regency, North Sumatra Province in June-July 2019. Determination of the location of sampling using a purposive sampling method at three stations. Intake of C-organic and Polychaeta by placing 3 plots horizontally at each observation station. The results obtained by an average of C-organic content with a range of values of 0.56% - 2.48%, found 12 species of polychaeta and diversity values ranging from 0.52 to 1.92, including the medium category. Pearson’s correlation between polychaeta diversity and C-organic has a negative relationship.
The role of shallot extract concentration application on soybean varieties production
Authors: Hasanah Y , Sitepu F E , Yanti D
Published: April 2020

The application of natural plant growth regulator (PGR) is one treatment that plays a role in increasing soybean production. One of the natural PGR that can be used is shallot extract. The objective of the research was to evaluate the role of shallot extract application on soybean production. The research was done at the Faculty of Agriculture Experimental Field, Universitas of Sumatera Utara using a Factorial Randomized Block Design with two factors and three replications. As the first factor were soybean varieties (Devon-1, Dering-1 and Anjasmoro). The second factor was the concentration of shallot extract (0%; 25%; 50% and 75%). The results indicated that Dering-1 has the highest number of filled pods, while Anjasmoro and Devon-1 soybean varieties produced a higher harvest index and dry weight of 100-seeds compared to Dering-1. The application of shallot extract concentration at 75% has produced the highest number of filled pods, seed dry weight per plant and harvest index. The interaction between Dering-1 variety and the concentration of 75% shallot extract produced the highest number of filled pods, while application of 50% shallot extract in Devon-1 variety produced the highest harvest index and dry weight of 100 seeds.
Appropriate stimulant application to determine latex physiology character and production of clone RRIM 921 in Regency of Deli Serdang
Authors: Purwaningrum Y , Asbur Y , Rambe R D H , Hanum C
Published: April 2020

Physiological characteristics of rubber trees are closely related to the ability to form latex. Sucrose, inorganic phosphate, and thiol levels in latex are physiological characters. The purpose of this study was to determine the correlation between physiological characters and latex production of clone RRIM 921 and proper stimulant application without disturbing the health of rubber trees. This research was conducted at PT. Perkebunan Nusantara III (Persero), Sei Putih Farm, and Physiology Laboratory of Sungei Putih Research Institute in 2018. The clones tested in this study were 17 years old of clone RRIM 921. This study uses correlation statistical analysis and regression test. Correlation analysis show that Pi level has negative significant correlation with Thiol latex, where high level of Pi will be followed by low level of thiol and vice versa. Latex production of clone RRIM 921 in May, June and July were not affected by latex physiology. The right stimulant application after leaf fall for RRIM 921 is in May.
Individual selection of roselle plant m4 generation (Hibiscus sabdariffa l.) based on anthocyanin, vitamin c and water content
Authors: Nasution S A , Sembiring M , Siregar L A M , Hanafiah D S
Published: April 2020

Mutation of a plant is included to be one of the most effective methods to create a high genetic diversity in plants. This study aimed to get the selected individuals of M4 generation of Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) in rows through gamma-ray irradiation based on the flower calyx production, the content of anthocyanin and vitamin C. This research used Roselle seed of Roselindo 2 variety (control) as many as 16 numbers selected selection. The study was conducted at the Agrotechnology field Universitas Sumatera Utara (± 25 m asl) starting from December 2018 until April 2019 with the germination date of December 7, 2018. The data obtained were tested using a t-test analysis and presented descriptively. Results showed that the observation of all the average dry weights of plants−1 did not show any significant effect between one and other plants (control and number of selected plants). The average wet weight of plant−1 showed a significant effect in plant numbers of R141 and R148 compared to the other sample numbers. Levels of plants−1 parameters of anthocyanin and vitamin C showed a significant effect between one plant to another in all plant numbers (control and number of selected plants).
The roles of FMA in increasing growth and effectiveness of soybean roots on dry land supporting sustainable agriculture in Deli Serdang District
Authors: Nasution L Z , Hanum C , Delvian
Published: April 2020

Soybean cultivation in dry land is an agricultural intensification effort to increasing soybean production. The application of biological fertilizer like FMA contributes to increase growth and plant development, also supporting eco-friendly agriculture. The purpose of this research is to determine the role of FMA in the improving the growth and effectiveness of soybean rooting on dry land to support sustainable agriculture in Deli Serdang district. This research was conducted at BBI Tj. Selamat, Deli Serdang district in June-August 2019. Parameters observed were plant height, FMA colonization percentage, and soybean root volume. The results showed that the treatments of M0 (control), M1 (4 gr FMA), M2 (8 gr FMA), and M3 (12 gr FMA) did not significantly affect plant height and root volume, but significantly affected the FMA colonization percentage in the roots of soybean. The lowest FMA colonization percentage was obtained at M0 treatment (2.33%), while the highest was shown in M2 treatment (2.67%).
Morphological identification of local raru producing trees from Sibuluan Nauli, Central Tapanuli, North Sumatera
Authors: Susilowati A , Iswanto A H , Kusuma Y S , Rachmat H H , Elfiati D , Larengkeng S H , Ginting I M , Rangkuti A B
Published: April 2020

Raru is a local name referring to those of wild tropical trees belonging to the member of Dipterocarpaceae family which are targeted by illegal logger for its wood and bark. Raru wood is widely used for buildings and furniture, while its bark is used for medicinal purposes. Raru tree has disjunctive distribution in Sumatera and Kalimantan with different species variations. The high demand on raru wood has led to population decrease in their natural distribution, meaning that conservation is needed for this species. Species identification is the initial step to determine diversity and relatedness among raru species. The objective of this study was to identify the morphological character of local raru trees in Sibuluan Nauli and to determine their phylogenetic relatedness. Morphological identification was conducted by observing and measuring the stem, leaf, canopy, and resin characters. The results of morphological analysis showed that there were variations in morphological characters of local raru tree species. The phylogenetic identification of songal raru, dahanon raru, pulut raru, and jonggi raru showed that songal raru and pulut raru were not closely related, with genetic distance of 0.8473 while the n dahanon raru and jonggi were closely related, with genetic distance of 0.3878.
The role of Magnesium Sulphate in the formation of chlorophyll and density of stomata of soybean varieties (Glycine max (L.) Merril)
Authors: Hasanah Y , Mawarni L , Hanum H , Hanum C , Nasution M R
Published: April 2020

Magnesium is a very important nutrient for the formation of chlorophyll and affects the density of stomata. The aim of the research was to evaluate the role of magnesium in the formation of chlorophyll and stomatal density. The study was conducted in Deli Tua, Deli Serdang Regency, Sumatera Utara from May to August 2019. The experimental design used was a factorial randomized block design. As the first factor, soybean varieties consist of Demas, Devon-1, Anjasmoro, Dering-1. The second factor is dose of magnesium applied consisting of 0; 100; 200 and 300 kg MgSO4/ha. The research result indicated that the highest total chlorophyll was found in Dering-1 compared to other varieties. The highest of stomatal density was found in Demas variety. The highest of chlorophyll total was found in the treatment of 100 kg MgSO4/ha on Dering-1 variety, while the highest stomatal density was found in the control treatment (0 kg MgSO4/ha) on Demas variety.
Mapping bacterial leaf blight disease of rice (Xanthomonas oryzae pv oryzae) in North Sumatra
Authors: Safrizal  , Lisnawita  , Lubis K , Maathuis F J M , Safni I
Published: April 2020

Bacterial leaf blight is the most important rice disease in Indonesia and other rice producing countries in Asia. Bacterial leaf blight disease, caused by the bacterial pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv oryzae, has a wide distribution in the tropics and sub-tropics. This research was aimed to determine the distribution of the disease in North Sumatera. The research experiment was conducted using the survey method to calculate the incidence and severity of disease in rice crops in seven locations. The highest disease incidence was found in Sumber Tani Village, Batubara District, and in Talawi Siabal Abal Village, Sipahutar District of North Tapanuli with a disease incidence of 100%. The highest percentage of disease severity was found in Siabal Abal Village, Sipahutar District of North Tapanuli, with a percentage of 82% severity.
Response of some soybean (Glycine max L. Merrill) varieties on flooded conditon with application of Benzyl Amino Purine (BAP) and Salicylic Acid (SA) in the R3 phase
Authors: Damanik R I , Manurung D , Bayu E S , Rahmawati N
Published: April 2020

Soybean production (Glycine max (L.) Merril) in Indonesia has fluctuation every year. The area of wetlands in Indonesia is about 24.5 million ha, but only about 8.5 million ha of wetlands are used as rice fields, the remaining 16 million ha have not been utilized. The study aims to determine the response of some soybean varieties on the application of benzyl amino purine (BAP) and salicylic acid (SA) in flooded conditions. The research initiated in research land of the Faculty of Agriculture Universitas Sumatera Utara, using the Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 3 treatment factors namely varieties consisting of 3 varieties (Demas 1, Dering 1 and Burangrang), the concentration of plant growth regulator consisting of 3 levels (control, 50 ppm BAP + 100 ppm of SA and 100 ppm of BAP + 200 ppm of SA) and the treatment of flooding stress consisting of 2 treatments (control and flooded). The results showed that the varieties had critical effect on the parameters of number of pods per plant and the weight 100 seeds. Synthetic plant growth regulator concentration had no effect on all the observation parameters, but flooding stress had significant induce on the parameter of number of pods per plant.
Polymorphism levels of some SSR markers (Simple Sequence Repeat) for parental line identification on low temperature tolerance
Authors: Dalimunthe S R , Siregar L A M , Putri L A P , Chairunnisa T , Hairmansis A
Published: April 2020

Breeding rice varieties suitable for low temperature areas is very important to support food self-sufficiency. Identification of polymorphic markers assumed to be associated with low temperature tolerant properties is essential for mark-based selection applications in the context of low temperature tolerant rice variety development. The study was conducted to identify 5 rice genotypes to be used as a low temperature tolerant donor hybrid using 11 SSR markers. PCR product amplification was separated using 3% agarose gel and 8% electrophoresis polyacrylamide gel (PAGE). The level of information of a mark can be determined by calculating the Polymorphic Information Content (PIC). The study was conducted in May - July 2017 at the Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Centre for Research and Development of Biotechnology and Genetic Resources of Agriculture, Bogor. The results showed that 6 SSR markers were polymorphic and 5 markers were monomorphic. CT234 and CT235 markers have the highest PIC value (0.375) compared to 9 other markers. SSR markers and specific gene markers used to identify low temperature tolerant rice show that Ciherang and Sigambiri Putih crossbreeding can be recommended as a crossing parents because it has the most distant genetic (0.431).
Adaptability of tissue-cultured Dendrobium orchid planlets on planting media and its position during acclimatization process
Authors: Nasution L Z , Hasibuan M , Manurung E D
Published: April 2020

The acclimatization process of cultured plants needs special attention because it is a critical period for adaptation to In-Vivo conditions. The environmental changes and the imperfection of planlet anatomy are important things that need to be considered to support the growth of Dendrobium orchid planlet. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of planting media type and its positioning on the Dendrobium orchid adaptability during acclimatization process. This study was conducted from March to Mei 2017 in AIAT North Sumatra tissue culture laboratory and screen house. The experimental design used in this study was a randomized group design with five replications. The treatment consisted of planting media and pot position model. The planting media combination were fern+wood charcoal (M0); fern+coconut fibre (M1); ferns+broken bricks (M2); fern+wood charcoal+coconut fibre (M3); and ferns+wood charcoal+coconut fibre+broken bricks (M4) while the pot position model were laying (P0) and hanging (P1) model. Morphological parameters observed were growing plant percentage, plant height, leaves number, roots number, and roots length. The results showed that the best planting media and pot position combination supported the Dendrobium orchid growth were found in ferns and wood charcoal (M0) and ferns and bricks (M2) with lying model (P0).
Key agronomic management factors for maximising oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) yields on acid sulphate soils in Malaysia and Indonesia
Authors: Pupathy U T , Sundian N
Published: April 2020

In Malaysia, approximately 110,000 ha of acid sulphate soils are estimated to occur mostly along the west coast, while about 102.80 million ha are under acidic nature in Indonesia. Acid sulphate soils generally have significant amounts of free and absorbed sulphate, pale yellow mottles of jarosite along old root channels and on ped surfaces with pH (in water) below 4. These soils are high in Aluminium (Al) and phosphorus (P) fixation capacity, contributing towards their low fertility which limits the normal growth of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.). However, Fresh Fruit Bunch (FFB) production in oil palm was improved significantly when water level in the field drains was maintained up to 60cm from soil surface mainly to cover jarosites and pyrite layers. Application of organic fertiliser mainly of Empty Fruit Bunches (EFB) and Palm Oil Mill Effluents (POME) to oil palm land proved to be beneficial as significant FFB yield up to 35 ton/ha/year was obtained in field trials. Maintaining water table in the drains to cover the pyritic horizon in order to inhibit further oxidation would be an important management tool for managing oil palms on acid sulphate soils.
The effect of oyster mushroom baglog compost on the growth and production some local genotypes of purple sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.)
Authors: Prabowo H , Rahmawati N , Sitepu F E T
Published: April 2020

The use of compost is effective to improve the physical, biological and chemical structure of the soil, which makes plant growth and yield better. The purpose of study was to determine the effect of oyster mushroom baglog compost on the growth and production of several local purple sweet potato genotypes (accessions of Dolok Perdamean with purple tuber, accessions of Silimakuta with purple tuber, accessions of Sumbul with purple tuber, and accessions of Parbuluan with purple tuber) on the various doses of oyster mushroom baglog waste compost application (0, 10, 20, 30 ton/ha). This research was conducted at Jl. Idi Gang Eka Dewi, Medan Johor Subdistrict, from the end of December 2018 to June 2019. The results showed that the administration of oyster mushroom baglog compost gave a good influence on the growth and production of some local purple sweet potato genotypes. The accession of Sumbul with purple tuber had produces the highest growth plant stem length, while the Dolok Perdamean accession with purple tuber had produces the highest on B class tuber grading. The application of oyster mushroom baglog waste compost markedly improves on A class tuber grading. The best dose of oyster mushroom baglog waste compost was 30 tons/ha.
The production of sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) bud sett at the various ages of planting material and storage time
Authors: Meiriani  , Sitepu F , Siahaan L
Published: April 2020

The best age and storage time of planting material sugar cane bud sett need to be known for sending of planting material bud sett that usually far from nurseries. This study aimed to determine the production of sugar cane (Saccharum officinarum L.) using bud sett planting materials at the various ages (6 months, 7 months, and 8 months) and storages (3 days, 6 days, 9 days, and 12 days). This research was carried out on the land of the Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, starting in July 2018 - July 2019. The results showed that the best production was obtained from the use of bud sett aged 7 months and stored for 3 days. The use of bud sett aged 6 and 7 months can be stored up to 9 days, while the use of bud sett aged 8 months can be stored up to 6 days where the results were not significantly different with the use of 7 months planting material and storage for 3 days.
Grain yield and yield attributes response of four upland rice (Oryza sativa L.) promising lines to shade stress
Authors: Sadimantara G R , Febrianti E , Suliartini N W S , Sutariati G A K , Yusuf D N , Muhidin
Published: April 2020

The purpose of this research was to investigate a response of four promising lines of upland rice (Oryza sativa L.) on low-light environments. The study was carried out at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Halu Oleo University Kendari and arranged on split plot design on two factors. The different shade level placed as the main plot and different promising lines as subplot. The observed variables were number of productive tillers, panicle length, the number of unfilled grains and grain yield (t ha−1). The results indicate that both the shade levels and upland rice promising lines affected the grain yield and yield attributes. The shade levels tend to decrease grain yield and increase unfilled grain. The GS12-1 lines recorded as a better promising line, especially for the panicle length and grain yield (t. ha−1).
Vegetation Dynamics with Elevation in Southern European Russia
Authors: Boori M , Choudhary K , Kupriyanov A
Published: April 2020

In this research work vegetation dynamics was examined for spring-summer (may–august) season based on Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroadiometer (MODIS) satellite data generated Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) with elevation from 2014 to 2018 in Southern part of European Russia. The resulting divergent groups with respect to decreasing, increasing or no trends presented significant differences in vegetation dynamics and correlation between elevation and NDVI values. Results indicate that in the year 2016, vegetation was highly degraded with low NDVI values from less than 0 to 0.20. In comparing of elevation maximum vegetation was present from 100 to 250 m elevation, below and above this range was very low vegetation. In high elevation from 100 to 250m, low NDVI values slightly shift in high NDVI values, which show healthy vegetation on high altitude. Field observation also conform high NDVI values to high elevation. The MODIS time series with 250m resolution is appropriate for vegetation dynamics study for a large, inaccessible area with low coast, within less time for long term changes in vegetation growth.
Possibilities of Using Fly Ash with Other Industrial Waste to Obtain Geosorbents and Composite Materials
Authors: Fuks S L , Devyaterikova S V , Khitrin S V
Published: April 2020

The authors have studied the conditions of using waste obtained after thermal and chemical processing of minerals (coal, apatite, etc.) and unused natural polymer lignin formed as a result of wood hydrolysis. It has been established that these wastes, individually and in various combinations, can be used as an effective geosorbent for lanthanum ions from wastewater, in the form of composite electrochemical coatings and in the manufacture of ceramic products. The degree of trapping of lanthanum ions from concentrated wastewater with a mixture of fly ash and hydrolytic lignin reaches 96%. Internal stresses and microhardness of composite electrochemical coatings (CEC) nickel – fly ash decrease with increasing thickness and content of fly ash in the nickel layer due to the presence of 4.23% iron fraction with increasing its strength. The use of fluorogips and fly ash in the manufacture of mixtures for the production of ceramic products, including red brick, gives positive results in reducing shrinkage during high-temperature processing of the composite.
Gearbox Development for an Emergency Brake System of the Wind Turbine
Authors: Sirotkin E , Yamazaki K , Miroshnichenko A
Published: April 2020

The article justifies the need to use independent power supply sources in the Arctic regions. It gives arguments in favour of using wind-driven power plants as autonomous power sources. It describes the problems of operating wind energy equipment in the arctic climate. As a solution of the above operational problems, it is proposed to use an emergency brake system in wind power plants. We proposed a design of an emergency brake system exemplified by a 3 kW vertical-axial wind turbine. We calculated the gearbox parameters for the proposed design and created a computer model of the gearbox based on the obtained parameters. We also analysed the advantages of the developed gearbox and the design of the emergency brake system in general.
Channelization Turning Flows at Controlled Intersections. The Concept of the Local Roadway Widening
Authors: Morozov G N , Ertman S A , Ertman J A
Published: April 2020

Distinct recommendations on the use of the channelization method absent in the normative documentation of the Russian Federation and the specialized literature. Uniform terminology and the using methods of the channelization of traffic flow on the intersection is absent. In this article: analysis of normative documentation and previously works was performed; definition of the local roadway widening is formulated; the formula for calculating the local roadway widening length for left-turn traffic flows is developed. The optimal parameters calculating of local roadway widening is possible on the basis of the obtained mathematical model.
Methodology for Calculating Transport and Operational Parameters of Condition of Highways
Authors: Baurina S B , Khudyakov S V , Uchirova M Yu
Published: April 2020

This article is devoted to methodology of calculation of transport and operational parameters of condition of highways. The technique of determination of parameters of geometrical elements of the road is presented. The technique of definition of strength of road clothes according to statistical and dynamic methods is described. The specifics of measurement of coupling properties and longitudinal flatness of road carpet are presented. The methodology of inspection of engineering arrangement and assessment of parameters of structural elements of highways is concretized.
Method for Pipeline Section Retrieval for Overhaul with Complete Replacement
Authors: Akhmedov A M , Abramyan S G
Published: April 2020

Earthworks required for overhaul or reconstruction of underground trunk pipelines with complete replacement of pipeline sections are one of the most labor-intensive. The paper suggests a new innovative method for retrieving a pipeline section to avoid using a single-bucket excavator along the entire section. The method reduces the duration of overhaul involving complete replacement of a worn-out pipeline section. The technology suggested is intended to improve the method of pipeline overhaul with complete pipeline section replacement. The study is focused on a set of devices used to retrieve a pipeline section. Based on a 3D model simulating the process flow of pipeline section retrieval, the related processes were observed and studied in depth, and the suggested innovative solutions were adapted as part of the repair and construction flow. The new method helps to, firstly, simplify the process of overhaul with complete replacement, secondly, improve the ecological situation in the construction area, and thirdly, upgrade the repair and construction flow outfitting. All pertinent equipment and devices can be used multiply, which is an indisputable advantage. The method is environmentally safe and suitable for all climate conditions, including complex ones. This innovative method allows retrieving underground pipeline sections regardless of their diameter. A broad use of this pipeline section retrieval method is ensured by a regular set of machinery and equipment available to nearly all repair and construction organizations and remotely controllable to reduce workforce needed for the above overhaul operations.
Specific Structure of the Vegetation Cover of the Starozavodskoe Solfataric Field (Baransky Volcano, Iturup Island) in Terms of the Development of Hydrothermal Resources
Authors: Romanyuk F A , Kordyukov A V
Published: April 2020

The paper describes the vegetation cover of the Starozavodskoe solfataric field, assesses the role of technogenic intervention in the formation of its complex spatial-species structure. Using the gradient factor analysis, the influence of the degree of technogenic disturbance on the formation of plant field groupings is determined. The conclusion is drawn about the dynamically equilibrium state of the field vegetation
Control of Environmental Safety in the Construction of Subway in Megapolis
Authors: Gendler S , Ryzhova L
Published: April 2020

It was noted that in the construction of subways, the achievement of planned indicators is possible with the use of innovative construction technologies, in particular of tunnel boring machine (TBM). The analysis of the factors that determine the negative impact on the environment when using the TBM is compared with civil construction. The scientific novelty and practical results is given. It was proposed to take into account the degree of attractiveness of the territory when deciding on the location of construction sites. An approach is proposed to determine the attractiveness of the territories for the construction of metro facilities. The task of managing environmental safety during the construction period has been formulated. The procedure for managing environmental safety in the construction of subway lines is given. It is shown that as criteria for making management decisions, indicators characterizing the degree of influence of the physicochemical nature on the state of the environment should be used. It is said that the most rational option for minimizing the negative impact on the OS should be considered as a complex implementation of measures, at which simultaneous reduction of several negative factors to achievable levels is achieved: noise and vibration effects, pollutants of various chemical nature entering the atmosphere, etc. The principles of environmental safety management during noise and vibration effects, as well as the disposal of soil and soils formed during the construction of metro facilities are substantiated
Methodology for Optimal Solution Search during the Freight Train Schedule Creation
Authors: Davydov B , Esaulov V , Gopkalo V
Published: April 2020

Punctuality and the energy efficiency are the most significant criteria of immediate activity of every transport system. The problem of improving these characteristics is unfolded in this paper. The task of optimization the punctuality and energy efficiency is solved by adjusting departure headways and running times. Methodology of schedule parameters search is based on the statistical analysis of historical data. The study reveals a number of regularities that are characterizing the freight train flow at the main railway line. First of all, we note the important dependences between the punctuality characteristics and the chain position of the train.
Modern Postvolcanic Activity of Berutarube Volcano, Iturup Isl., the Kuril Islands
Authors: Degterev A V , Kozlov D N , Zharkov R V
Published: April 2020

The data of 2017, characterizing the modern gas-hydrothermal activity of the Berutarube volcano (Iturup Island, the Southern Kuriles) are presented. It is shown that currently the volcano has intensive solfataric and hydrothermal activity, concentrated within the three main sites near summit part of the edifice. The maximum temperature of steam-gas outlets is 96.6 °C, thermal spring – 80 °C. According to the chemical composition, the hydrotherms of Berutarube volcano are ultra-acid (pH 1.5), mineralized, chloride-sulfate waters with a complex cationic composition.
Occupational Risk Assessment Method for Food Industry
Authors: Vishnyak M N , Mashenskaya E A , Melbert A A
Published: April 2020

The paper describes a method for assessing occupational risks at food processing facilities in Altai Krai; it defines a risk assessment procedure that takes into account the event probability and the severity of its consequences to be tracked and monitored; the paper also assesses the controls in place and outlines the additional controls that could be of use. The proposed method has been tested at a food processing facility in Altai Krai.
Environmental and Economic Rationale for the Use of Associated Petroleum Gas Using the Example of Fields in Eastern Siberia
Authors: Gorlenko N V , Murzin M A
Published: April 2020

The use of associated petroleum gas and the problem of its disposal and processing are being actively discussed, oil and gas companies are inventing new methods. The aim of our research is to consider the use of associated petroleum gas in fields in Eastern Siberia and to compare environmental and economic damage from the use of various methods for disposing of associated petroleum gas.

In this article, we reviewed some of the most promising in our opinion methods for processing and disposing of associated petroleum gas, such as deep conversion into gas, flaring, injection into the gas transmission system, reverse injection of associated petroleum gas, and the economic effect of their use. We estimated the environmental damage caused by enterprises and the economic effect of the application for several mining fields. The problem of rational utilization of APG remains acute in a number of regions and companies, especially among small independent producers.
The Track and Rolling Stock Interaction under the Heavy Haul Conditions
Authors: Lunin A A , Spirov A V , Ilyin I E
Published: April 2020

In order to study and assess the traffic safety there has been simulated a train movement along the track, having a plan and a profile, corresponding to the actual current track outline on which the diesel locomotives Vityaz 2TЭ25A are operated. The Kuznetsovskiy pass of the Far East Railroad has been chosen as the most difficult section. As a result of the calculations, values of main dynamic parameters of all sections of diesel locomotives have been determined when simulating a train moving along tangent track sections and curves of radius 200–600 m on descents and ascents with a slope of 25 ‰ in the traction and slowing-down mode, as well as longitudinal forces in automatic couplings of cars along the whole length of the train.
On Some Features of the Development of Infrastructures in the Polar Regions
Authors: Shabunevich V I
Published: April 2020

The paper describes the possible fact of increased oscillations of the Earth crust in the polar region as compared with the equatorial zone, obtained in the course of numerical experiments, and it has been suggested to conduct a full-scale test experiment. Some basic results of the linear harmonic analysis of simplified finite-element models of the Earth of different scales, which may effect on the design standards of various infrastructures developed in the Arctic region, are given.
Dynamics of Rolling Stock Wheels and Track Interaction in Areas of Welded Rail Joints Crush
Authors: Kossov V S , Krasnov O G , Nikonova N M
Published: April 2020

Finite element models of a rail crushed in a welded joint area and fixed on an elastic damping foundation and a car wheel have been developed. An algorithm has been developed to calculate quasistatic and impact forces during a wheel rolling at different speeds. Experimental studies have been carried out to determine vertical forces in the crushed area of the welded joint at a depth of 1.8 mm using the strain measurement method on the rail web neutral axis.
Simulation of Dynamic Effects on Trunk Pipelines Laid in Difficult Engineering and Geological Conditions
Authors: Yalalov D V , Valeev A R , Khakimov T A
Published: April 2020

In this paper, we conduct an experimental study of pipeline deformation together with soil to analyze the stress-strain state of the pipeline and compare it with the results of computer simulation. The experimental setup is a box of OSB panels, which is filled with soil. A polypropylene pipe is laid in the ground, onto which strain gauges are attached, which transmit strain measurements to the computer. At the bottom of the box is a board that drives the ground with a jack. The dependence of stresses in the pipe on soil displacements is constructed first for a polypropylene pipe, then the stresses are converted to a steel pipe and compared with the results of computer simulation in Ansys. The discrepancy between the results is small, due to inaccuracy in the selection of models of soil behavior. Further refinement of mathematical models is planned.