bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bioactive coating of zirconia toughened alumina ceramic implants improves cancellous osseointegration
Authors: Pobloth Anne-Marie , Mersiowsky Max J. , Kliemt Luisa , Schell Hanna , Dienelt Anke , Pfitzner Berit M. , Burgkart Rainer , Detsch Rainer , Wulsten Dag , Boccaccini Aldo R. , Duda Georg N.
Published: November 2019

Bioactive coatings have the potential to improve the bony integration of mechanically loaded orthopedic ceramic implants. Using the concept of mimicking the natural bone surface, four different coatings of varying thickness on a zirconia toughened alumina (ZTA) ceramic implant were investigated regarding their osseointegration in a drill-hole model in sheep. The hypothesis that a bioactive coating of ZTA ceramics would facilitate cancellous bone integration was investigated. The bioactive coatings consisted of either a layer of covalently bound multi phosphonate molecules (chemical modification = CM), a nano hydoxyapatite coating (HA), or two different bioactive glass (BG) coatings in micrometer thickness, forming a hydroxyl-carbonate apatite layer on the implant surface in vivo (dip-coated 45S5 = DipBG; sol-gel 70S30C = SGBG). Coated surfaces were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. After 12 weeks, osseointegration was evaluated via mechanical push-out testing and histology. HA enhanced the maximum push-out force (HA: mean 3573.85 ± 1119.91 N; SGBG: mean 1691.57 ± 986.76 N; p = 0.046), adhesive shear strength (HA: mean 9.82 ± 2.89 MPA; SGBG: mean 4.57 ± 2.65 MPA; p = 0.025), and energy release rate (HA: mean 3821.95 ± 1474.13 J/mm2; SGBG: mean 1558.47 ± 923.47 J/mm2; p = 0.032) compared to SGBG. The implant-bone interfacial stiffness increased by CM compared to SGBG coating (CM: mean 6258.06 ± 603.80 N/mm; SGBG: mean 3565.57 ± 1705.31 n/mm; p = 0.038). Reduced mechanical osseointegration of SGBG coated implants could be explained histologically by a foreign body reaction surrounding the implants.
Comprehensive genome and transcriptome analyses reveal genetic relationship, selection signature, and transcriptome landscape of small-sized Korean native Jeju horse
Authors: Srikanth Krishnamoorthy , Kim Nam-Young , Park WonCheoul , Kim Jae-Min , Kim Kwon-Do , Lee Kyung-Tai , Son Ju-Hwan , Chai Han-Ha , Choi Jung-Woo , Jang Gul-Won , Kim Heebal , Ryu Youn-Chul , Nam Jin-Wu , Park Jong-Eun , Kim Jun-Mo , Lim Dajeong
Published: November 2019

The Jeju horse, indigenous to the Jeju Island in Korea may have originated from Mongolian horses. Adaptations to the local harsh environment have conferred Jeju horse with unique traits such as small-sized body, stocky head, and shorter limbs. These characteristics have not been studied previously at the genomic level. Therefore, we sequenced and compared the genome of 41 horses belonging to 6 breeds. We identified numerous breed-specific non-synonymous SNPs and loss-of-function mutants. Demographic and admixture analyses showed that, though Jeju horse is genetically the closest to the Mongolian breeds, its genetic ancestry is independent of that of the Mongolian breeds. Genome wide selection signature analysis revealed that genes such asLCORL,MSTN,HMGA2,ZFAT,LASP1,PDK4, andACTN2, were positively selected in the Jeju horse. RNAseq analysis showed that several of these genes were also differentially expressed in Jeju horse compared to Thoroughbred horse. Comparative muscle fiber analysis showed that, the type I muscle fibre content was substantially higher in Jeju horse compared to Thoroughbred horse. Our results provide insights about the selection of complex phenotypic traits in the small-sized Jeju horse and the novel SNPs identified will aid in designing high-density SNP chip for studying other native horse breeds.
Cysteine immobilisation on the polyethylene terephthalate surfaces and its effect on the haemocompatibility
Authors: Ramachandran Balaji , Muthuvijayan Vignesh
Published: November 2019

Nitric oxide (NO) is an important signalling molecule involved in haemostasis. NO, present as endogenous S-nitrosothiols, is released by cysteine through a transnitrosation reaction. To exploit this mechanism, cysteine was immobilised onto the different carboxylated polyethylene terephthalate (PET) surfaces using 1-step EDC (1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide) crosslinking mechanism. Immobilised cysteine concentration and NO release were dependent on the surface carboxyl density. Stability studies showed that the immobilised cysteine concentration and NO release reduced within 6 h. Immobilisation of cysteine derivatives eliminated the possibility of formation of polycysteine and its electrostatic interaction with the carboxylated PET. The immobilised cysteine concentration did not recover after DTT treatment, eliminating the possibility of disulphide bond formation. Further, cysteine was immobilised using a 2-step EDC crosslinking mechanism. Although the cysteine concentration reduced during stability studies, it recovered upon DTT treatment, indicating that cysteine forms amide bonds with the carboxylated PET and the observed decrease in cysteine concentration is probably due to the formation of disulphide bonds. The haemocompatibility of the cysteine immobilised PET surfaces showed similar results compared to the carboxylated PET. The loss of thiol groups due to the disulphide bond restricts the transnitrosation reaction. Hence, these materials can be used primarily in short-term applications.
Ligand induced dissociation of the AR homodimer precedes AR monomer translocation to the nucleus
Authors: Shizu Ryota , Yokobori Kosuke , Perera Lalith , Pedersen Lee , Negishi Masahiko
Published: November 2019

The androgen receptor (AR) regulates male sexual development. We have now investigated AR homodimerization, hormone-dependent monomerization and nuclear translocation in PC-3 and COS-1 cells, by utilizing mutations associated with the androgen insensitivity syndrome: Pro767Ala, Phe765Leu, Met743Val and Trp742Arg. AR wild type (WT) was expressed as a homodimer in the cytoplasm, while none of these mutants formed homodimers. Unlike AR WT which responded to 1 nM dihydrotestosterone (DHT) to dissociate and translocate into the nucleus, AR Pro767Ala and Phe765Leu mutants remain as the monomer in the cytoplasm. In the crystal structure of the AR LBD homodimer, Pro767 and Phe765 reside closely on a loop that constitutes the dimer interface; their sidechains interact with the Pro767 of the other monomer and with the DHT molecule in the ligand-binding pocket. These observations place Phe765 at a position to facilitate DHT binding to Pro767 and lead to dissociation of the AR homodimer in the cytoplasm. This Pro-Phe Met relay may constitute a structural switch that mediates androgen signaling and is conserved in other steroid hormone receptors.
Temporal stability of fMRI in medetomidine-anesthetized rats
Authors: Sirmpilatze Nikoloz , Baudewig Jürgen , Boretius Susann
Published: November 2019

Medetomidine has become a popular choice for anesthetizing rats during long-lasting sessions of blood-oxygen-level dependent (BOLD) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Despite this, it has not yet been thoroughly established how commonly reported fMRI readouts evolve over several hours of medetomidine anesthesia and how they are affected by the precise timing, dose, and route of administration. We used four different protocols of medetomidine administration to anesthetize rats for up to six hours and repeatedly evaluated somatosensory stimulus-evoked BOLD responses and resting state functional connectivity. We found that the temporal evolution of fMRI readouts strongly depended on the method of administration. Intravenous administration of a medetomidine bolus (0.05 mg/kg), combined with a subsequent continuous infusion (0.1 mg/kg/h), led to temporally stable measures of stimulus-evoked activity and functional connectivity throughout the anesthesia. Deviating from the above protocol—by omitting the bolus, lowering the medetomidine dose, or using the subcutaneous route—compromised the stability of these measures in the initial two-hour period. We conclude that both an appropriate protocol of medetomidine administration and a suitable timing of fMRI experiments are crucial for obtaining consistent results. These factors should be considered for the design and interpretation of future rat fMRI studies.
Caste-specific nutritional differences define carbon and nitrogen fluxes within symbiotic food webs in African termite mounds
Authors: Vesala Risto , Arppe Laura , Rikkinen Jouko
Published: November 2019

Fungus-growing termites of the genusMacrotermescultivate symbiotic fungi (Termitomyces) in their underground nest chambers to degrade plant matter collected from the environment. Although the general mechanism of food processing is relatively well-known, it has remained unclear whether the termites get their nutrition primarily from the fungal mycelium or from plant tissues partly decomposed by the fungus. To elucidate the flows of carbon and nitrogen in the complicated food-chains within the nests of fungus-growing termites, we determined the stable isotope signatures of different materials sampled from fourMacrotermescolonies in southern Kenya. Stable isotopes of carbon revealed that the termite queen and the young larvae are largely sustained by the fungal mycelium. Conversely, all adult workers and soldiers seem to feed predominantly on plant and/or fungus comb material, demonstrating that the fungal symbiont plays a different nutritional role for different termite castes. Nitrogen stable isotopes indicated additional differences between castes and revealed intriguing patterns in colony nitrogen cycling. Nitrogen is effectively recycled within the colonies, but also a presently unspecified nitrogen source, most likely symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacteria, seems to contribute to nitrogen supply. Our results indicate that the gut microbiota of the termite queen might be largely responsible for the proposed nitrogen fixation.
In vitro study of interaction of 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 10 and cyclophilin D and its potential implications for Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Hemmerová Erika , Špringer Tomáš , Krištofiková Zdenka , Homola Jiří
Published: November 2019

In early stages of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), amyloid-β (Aβ) accumulates in neuronal mitochondria where it interacts with a number of biomolecules including 17beta-hydroxysteroide dehydrogenase 10 (17β-HSD10) and cyclophilin D (cypD). It has been hypothesized that 17β-HSD10 interacts with cypD preventing it from opening mitochondrial permeability transition pores and that its regulation during AD may be affected by the accumulation of Aβ. In this work, we demonstrate for the first time that 17β-HSD10 and cypD form a stable complex in vitro. Furthermore, we show that factors, such as pH, ionic environment and the presence of Aβ, affect the ability of 17β-HSD10 to bind cypD. We demonstrate that K+ and Mg2+ ions present at low levels may facilitate this binding. We also show that different fragments of Aβ (Aβ1–40 and Aβ1–42) affect the interaction between 17β-HSD10 and cypD differently and that Aβ1–42 (in contrast to Aβ1–40) is capable of simultaneously binding both 17β-HSD10 and cypD in a tri-complex.
A Bootstrap Method for Goodness of Fit and Model Selection with a Single Observed Network
Authors: Chen Sixing , Onnela Jukka-Pekka
Published: November 2019

Network models are applied in numerous domains where data arise from systems of interactions among pairs of actors. Both statistical and mechanistic network models are increasingly capable of capturing various dependencies among these actors. Yet, these dependencies pose statistical challenges for analyzing such data, especially when the data set comprises only a single observation of one network, often leading to intractable likelihoods regardless of the modeling paradigm and limiting the application of existing statistical methods for networks. We explore a subsampling bootstrap procedure to serve as the basis for goodness of fit and model selection with a single observed network that circumvents the intractability of such likelihoods. Our approach is based on flexible resampling distributions formed from the single observed network, allowing for more nuanced and higher dimensional comparisons than point estimates of quantities of interest. We include worked examples for model selection, with simulation, and assessment of goodness of fit, with duplication-divergence model fits for yeast (S.cerevisiae) protein-protein interaction data from the literature. The proposed approach produces a flexible resampling distribution that can be based on any network statistics of one’s choosing and can be employed for both statistical and mechanistic network models.
Potential modulations in flatland: near-infrared sensitization of MoS2 phototransistors by a solvatochromic dye directly tethered to sulfur vacancies
Authors: Dalgleish Simon , Reissig Louisa , Shuku Yoshiaki , Ligorio Giovanni , Awaga Kunio , List-Kratochvil Emil J. W.
Published: November 2019

Near-infrared sensitization of monolayer MoS2 is here achieved via the covalent attachment of a novel heteroleptic nickel bis-dithiolene complex into sulfur vacancies in the MoS2 structure. Photocurrent action spectroscopy of the sensitized films reveals a discreet contribution from the sensitizer dye centred around 1300 nm (0.95 eV), well below the bandgap of MoS2 (2.1 eV), corresponding to the excitation of the monoanionic dithiolene complex. A mechanism of conductivity enhancement is proposed based on a photo-induced flattening of the corrugated energy landscape present at sulfur vacancy defect sites within the MoS2 due to a dipole change within the dye molecule upon photoexcitation. This method of sensitization might be readily extended to other functional molecules that can impart a change to the dielectric environment at the MoS2 surface under stimulation, thereby extending the breadth of detector applications for MoS2 and other transition metal dichalcogenides.
Deciphering predictive factors for choice of thrombopoietin receptor agonist, treatment free responses, and thrombotic events in immune thrombocytopenia
Authors: Lozano Maria L. , Mingot-Castellano Maria E. , Perera María M. , Jarque Isidro , Campos-Alvarez Rosa M. , González-López Tomás J. , Carreño-Tarragona Gonzalo , Bermejo Nuria , Lopez-Fernandez Maria F. , de Andrés Aurora , Valcarcel David , Casado-Montero Luis F. , Alvarez-Roman Maria T. , Orts María I. , Novelli Silvana , Revilla Nuria , González-Porras Jose R. , Bolaños Estefanía , Rodríguez-López Manuel A. , Orna-Montero Elisa , Vicente Vicente
Published: November 2019

Very few data exist on when a particular thrombopoietin-receptor agonist (TPO-RA) is favored in clinical practice for the treatment of patients with immune thrombocytopenia (ITP), about novel risk factors for vascular events (VE) with these drugs, nor about predictive factors for therapy free responses (TFR). We conducted an observational, retrospective, long-term follow-up multicenter study from November 2016 to January 2018 of 121 adult ITP patients initiating TPO-RA between January 2012 to December 2014. Data reflected that a platelet count ≤25 × 109/l at the time when the TPO-RA was initiated was associated with a 2.8 higher probability of receiving romiplostim vs. eltrombopag (P = 0.010). VE on TPO-RA was related to previous neoplasia in patients over 65 years (50% vs. 2.2%, P < 0.001), and to previous splenectomy in younger patients (100% vs. 33%, P = 0.001). Receiving romiplostim as first TPO-RA with no subsequent TPO-RA switching was associated with a 50% likelihood of TFR after 2.9 years of therapy (3.3 years in chronic ITP patients). These real-world data help deciphering some areas of uncertainty, and offer insight into some of the most relevant challenges of ITP which may help clinicians make appropriate treatment decisions in the management of adult ITP patients with TPO-RA.
Self-cleanable, waterproof, transparent, and flexible Ag networks covered by hydrophobic polytetrafluoroethylene for multi-functional flexible thin film heaters
Authors: Lee Ji-Eun , Kim Han-Ki
Published: November 2019

We demonstrate a self-cleanable, waterproof, highly transparent, and flexible Ag network covered by a very thin transparent polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) layer using typical magnetron sputtering for multi-functional flexible thin film heaters used in smart windows. By passivation of the self-assembled Ag network with very thin PTFE films, we fabricated a multi-functional Ag network suitable for flexible thin film heaters. At a PTFE thickness of 10 nm, the Ag network passivated by hydrophobic PTFE layer showed a low sheet resistance of 11.64 Ohm/square, high optical transmittance of 80.20% at a wavelength of 550 nm, and high contact angle of 102.42°. In addition, sputtering of the PTFE layer on the Ag network improved the mechanical flexibility and reliability of the Ag network electrode. The flexible and transparent thin film heater (TTFH) with Ag network electrode covered by PTFE layer showed a saturation temperature of 120 °C at low voltage of 4.5 V and power of 2.45 W, as well as a hydrophobic surface suited for self-cleaning smart windows. These multi-functional performances of TTFH indicate that the Ag network/PTFE film-based flexible TTFH could be used as self-cleanable, waterproof TTFHs for curved smart windows in smart buildings and automobiles.
Identification of high-risk patients for ADR induced by traditional Chinese medicine injection: a nested case-control study
Authors: Jiang Cheng , Shen Jie , Shou Dan , Wang Nani , Jing Jing , Zhang Guodi , Gu Jing , Tian Yunlong , Sun Caihua , He Jiaqi , Ma Jiaqi , Wang Xiaojun , Li Gonghua
Published: November 2019

The adverse drug reaction (ADR) of traditional Chinese medicine injection (TCMI) has become one of the major concerns of public health in China. There are significant advantages for developing methods to improve the use of TCMI in routine clinical practice. The method of predicting TCMI-induced ADR was illustrated using a nested case-control study in 123 cases and 123 controls. The partial least squares regression (PLSR) models, which mapped the influence of basic characteristics and routine examinations to ADR, were established to predict the risk of ADR. The software was devised to provide an easy-to-use tool for clinic application. The effectiveness of the method was evaluated through its application to new patients with 95.7% accuracy of cases and 91.3% accuracy of controls. By using the method, the patients at high-risk could be conveniently, efficiently and economically recognized without any extra financial burden for additional examination. This study provides a novel insight into individualized management of the patients who will use TCMI.
Mapping and functional analysis of heterochromatin protein 1 phosphorylation in the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum
Authors: Bui Hai T. N. , Niederwieser Igor , Bird Megan J. , Dai Weiwen , Brancucci Nicolas M. B. , Moes Suzette , Jenoe Paul , Lucet Isabelle S. , Doerig Christian , Voss Till S.
Published: November 2019

Previous studies in model eukaryotes have demonstrated that phosphorylation of heterochromatin protein 1 (HP1) is important for dynamically regulating its various functions. However, in the malaria parasitePlasmodium falciparumboth the function of HP1 phosphorylation and the identity of the protein kinases targeting HP1 are still elusive. In order to functionally analyze phosphorylation ofP. falciparumHP1 (PfHP1), we first mapped PfHP1 phosphorylation sites by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis of native PfHP1, which identified motifs from which potential kinases could be predicted; in particular, several phosphorylated residues were embedded in motifs rich in acidic residues, reminiscent of targets forP. falciparumcasein kinase 2 (PfCK2). Secondly, we tested recombinant PfCK2 and a number of additional protein kinases for their ability to phosphorylate PfHP1 inin vitrokinase assays. These experiments validated our prediction that PfHP1 acts as a substrate for PfCK2. Furthermore, LC-MS/MS analysis showed that PfCK2 phosphorylates three clustered serine residues in an acidic motif within the central hinge region of PfHP1. To study the role of PfHP1 phosphorylation in live parasites we used CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing to generate a number of conditional PfHP1 phosphomutants based on the DiCre/LoxP system. Our studies revealed that neither PfCK2-dependent phosphorylation of PfHP1, nor phosphorylation of the hinge domain in general, affect PfHP1′s ability to localize to heterochromatin, and that PfHP1 phosphorylation in this region is dispensable for the proliferation ofP. falciparumblood stage parasites.
Sex difference in fatigability of knee extensor muscles during sustained low-level contractions
Authors: Akagi Ryota , Sato Shinya , Yoshihara Kana , Ishimatsu Hideki , Ema Ryoichi
Published: November 2019

This study investigated whether the sex difference in fatigability of the knee extensors (KE) is explained by the sex difference in fatigue-induced changes in the shear modulus of one or more muscles of KE in 18 young men and 23 young women. The shear moduli of the resting rectus femoris and medial and lateral vastus muscles (VL) were measured before and after a sustained contraction at 20% peak torque during a maximal voluntary isometric contraction of KE until the endurance limit, in addition to evoked torque and voluntary activation (VA%). The fatigue-induced decrease in maximal muscle strength was more prominent in men than in women. Only the VL shear modulus for men increased after the fatiguing task, and a sex difference was observed in the percentage change in the VL shear modulus before and after the fatiguing task. The fatigue-induced decreased ratio was greater for men than for women in evoked torque, but not in VA%. These results suggest that although peripheral and central fatigue both influenced the fatigue-induced decrease in maximal muscle strength regardless of sex, the sex difference in KE fatigability is explained by that in peripheral fatigue, particularly the degree of peripheral VL fatigue.
Efficient Sn Recovery from SnO2 by Alkane (CxHy=2x+2, 0 ≤ x ≤ 4) Reduction
Authors: An Hyesung , Yoo Mi , Ha Hyunwoo , Choi Hyuk , Kang Eunji , Kim Hyun You
Published: November 2019

We study the mechanism of alkane reduction of SnO2 for efficient low-temperature recovery of Sn from SnO2. Based on thermodynamic simulation results, we comparatively analyze the reduction behavior and the efficiency of SnO2 reduction by H2 and alkanes (CxHy=2x+2, 0 ≤ x ≤ 4). We found that alkanes (n·CxHy) with the higher nx generally complete the reduction of SnO2 (T100) at the lower temperature. Moreover, the T100 of the SnO2 reduction by alkanes (n·CxHy) was decreased from the T100 of pure hydrogen with the same amount of hydrogen atoms (n·Hy). We found that the concentration of a gas phase product mixture, the amount of the produced solid carbon, and the T100 complementary vary as a function of the nx and ny, the total amount of carbon and hydrogen atoms in the reducing gas phase molecules. Our results demonstrate a viability of the low temperature reduction method of SnO2 by alkanes for efficient recovery of Sn from SnO2, which can be applied for Sn recovery from Sn containing industrial wastes or Sn ores with economic value added that is held by the co-produced H2.
The Vitamin D status is associated with serum C-reactive protein and adhesion molecules in patients with renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Xu Shen , Song Jin , Zhang Zhi-Hui , Fu Lin , Gao Lan , Xie Dong-Dong , Yu De-Xin , Xu De-Xiang , Sun Guo-Ping
Published: November 2019

Low vitamin D status is associated with an increased risk of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). This study investigated the association of vitamin D status with serum C-reactive protein (CRP) and adhesion molecules among RCC patients. Fifty newly diagnosed RCC patients and 100 age- and sex-matched controls were recruited. As expected, serum 25(OH)D level was lower in RCC patients than in controls. By contrast, serum levels of CRP, an inflammatory molecule, and ICAM, LAMA4 and EpCAM, three adhesion molecules, were higher in RCC patients than in controls. All RCC patients were divided into two groups: H-VitD (>20 ng/ml) or L-VitD (<20 ng/ml). Interestingly, the levels of serum CRP and all adhesion molecules were higher in RCC patients with L-VitD than those with H-VitD. Nuclear vitamin D receptor (VDR) was downregulated and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) was activated in cancerous tissues. The in vitro experiments found that VitD3 suppressed NF-κB activation and adhesion molecules in RCC cells. Moreover, VitD3 suppressed NF-κB through reinforcing physical interaction between VDR and NF-κB p65 subunit in RCC cells. These results provide a mechanistic explanation for the association among low vitamin D status, local inflammation and increased expression of adhesion molecules among RCC patients.
Plant poisoning leads to alpha-synucleinopathy and neuromelanopathy in kangaroos
Authors: Tayebi Mourad , El-Hage Charles M. , Pinczowski Pedro , Whiteley Pam , David Monique , Li Qiao-Xin , Varghese Shiji , Mikhael Meena , Habiba Umma , Harman David , Tatarczuch Liliana , Bogeski Mirjana , Birchall Ian , Ferguson Kirsty , Walker Larry , Masters Colin , Summers Brian A.
Published: November 2019

The pathogenesis of synucleinopathies, common neuropathological lesions normally associated with some human neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson’s disease, dementia with Lewy bodies and multiple system atrophy, remains poorly understood. In animals, ingestion of the tryptamine-alkaloid-rich phalaris pastures plants causes a disorder called Phalaris staggers, a neurological syndrome reported in kangaroos. The aim of the study was to characterise the clinical and neuropathological changes associated with spontaneous cases of Phalaris staggers in kangaroos. Gross, histological, ultrastructural and Immunohistochemical studies were performed to demonstrate neuronal accumulation of neuromelanin and aggregated α-synuclein. ELISA and mass spectrometry were used to detect serum-borne α-synuclein and tryptamine alkaloids respectively. We report that neurons in the central and enteric nervous systems of affected kangaroos display extensive accumulation of neuromelanin in the perikaryon without affecting neuronal morphology. Ultrastructural studies confirmed the typical structure of neuromelanin. While we demonstrated strong staining of α-synuclein, restricted to neurons, intracytoplasmic Lewy bodies inclusions were not observed. α-synuclein aggregates levels were shown to be lower in sera of the affected kangaroos compared to unaffected herd mate kangaroos. Finally, mass spectrometry failed to detect the alkaloid toxins in the sera derived from the affected kangaroos. Our preliminary findings warrant further investigation of Phalaris staggers in kangaroos, potentially a valuable large animal model for environmentally-acquired toxic synucleinopathy.
An innovative magnetic state generator using machine learning techniques
Authors: Kwon H. Y. , Kim N. J. , Lee C. K. , Yoon H. G. , Choi J. W. , Won C.
Published: November 2019

We propose a new efficient algorithm to simulate magnetic structures numerically. It contains a generative model using a complex-valued neural network to generate k-space information. The output information is hermitized and transformed into real-space spin configurations through an inverse fast Fourier transform. The Adam version of stochastic gradient descent is used to minimize the magnetic energy, which is the cost of our algorithm. The algorithm provides the proper ground spin configurations with outstanding performance. In model cases, the algorithm was successfully applied to solve the spin configurations of magnetic chiral structures. The results also showed that a magnetic long-range order could be obtained regardless of the total simulation system size.
Isolation and characterization of cellulose nanocrystals from jackfruit peel
Authors: Trilokesh C. , Uppuluri Kiran Babu
Published: November 2019

In the present work, sustainable nanomaterials, cellulose, and spherical cellulose nanocrystals (SCNCs) were isolated from the non-edible parts of jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus). Of the three different methods tested, sodium chlorite treatment produced the highest yield of cellulose, 20.08 ± 0.05% w/w (dry weight). Peaks observed in CP/MAS 13C NMR spectrum and FTIR frequencies revealed the presence of α-cellulose and absence of other biomass fractions like hemicellulose and lignin. XRD analysis showed a high crystallinity of 83.42%. An appearance of a sharp endothermal peak at 323 °C in DSC and decomposition patterns between 310–420 °C of TGA confirms the presence of cellulose. Further, Sulphuric acid hydrolysis was employed to produce SCNCs and examined by TEM for the morphology and by HPLC for the presence of glucose.
Author Correction: Ursodeoxycholic acid improves liver function via phenylalanine/tyrosine pathway and microbiome remodelling in patients with liver dysfunction
Authors: Kim Da Jung , Yoon Seonghae , Ji Sang Chun , Yang Jinho , Kim Yoon-Keun , Lee SeungHwan , Yu Kyung-Sang , Jang In-Jin , Chung Jae-Yong , Cho Joo-Youn
Published: November 2019

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Author Correction: Characterization and its implication of a novel taste receptor detecting nutrients in the honey bee, Apis mellifera
Authors: Lim Sooho , Jung Jewon , Yunusbaev Ural , Ilyasov Rustem , Kwon Hyung Wook
Published: November 2019

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Author Correction: Effects of the serine protease inhibitor rBmTI-A in an experimental mouse model of chronic allergic pulmonary inflammation
Authors: Florencio Ariana Corrêa , de Almeida Robson S. , Arantes-Costa Fernanda M. , Saraiva-Romanholo Beatriz M. , Duran Adriana F. , Sasaki Sérgio D. , Martins Mílton A. , Lopes Fernanda D. T. Q. S. , Tibério Iolanda F. L. C. , Leick Edna A.
Published: November 2019

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Publisher Correction: Early neuropathological and neurobehavioral consequences of preterm birth in a rabbit model
Authors: van der Merwe Johannes , van der Veeken Lennart , Ferraris Sebastiano , Gsell Willy , Himmelreich Uwe , Toelen Jaan , Ourselin Sebastien , Melbourne Andrew , Vercauteren Tom , Deprest Jan
Published: November 2019

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Bifurcation of self-assembly pathways to sheet or cage controlled by kinetic template effect
Authors: Foianesi-Takeshige Leonardo Hayato , Takahashi Satoshi , Tateishi Tomoki , Sekine Ryosuke , Okazawa Atsushi , Zhu Wenchao , Kojima Tatsuo , Harano Koji , Nakamura Eiichi , Sato Hirofumi , Hiraoka Shuichi
Published: November 2019

The template effect is a key feature to control the arrangement of building blocks in assemblies, but its kinetic nature remains elusive compared to the thermodynamic aspects, with the exception of very simple reactions. Here we report a kinetic template effect in a self-assembled cage composed of flexible ditopic ligands and Pd(II) ions. Without template anion, a micrometer-sized sheet is kinetically trapped (off-pathway), which is converted into the thermodynamically most stable cage by the template anion. When the template anion is present from the start, the cage is selectively produced by the preferential cyclization of a dinuclear intermediate (on-pathway). Quantitative and numerical analyses of the self-assembly of the cage on the on-pathway revealed that the accelerating effect of the template is stronger for the early stage reactions of the self-assembly than for the final cage formation step itself, indicating the kinetic template effect.
Cyclometallated tridentate platinum(ii) arylacetylide complexes: old wine in new bottles
Authors: Haque Ashanul , Xu Linli , Al-Balushi Rayya A. , Al-Suti Mohammed K. , Ilmi Rashid , Guo Zeling , Khan Muhammad S. , Wong Wai-Yeung , Raithby Paul R.
Published: November 2019

Platinum(ii) cyclometallated pincer complexes with an alkynyl ligand in the fourth coordination site display excellent luminescent properties. By manipulation of the pincer and the alkynyl ligand their luminescence can be fine-tuned for opto-electronic applications.
A photoelectrochemical immunosensor based on CdS/CdTe-cosensitized SnO2 as a platform for the ultrasensitive detection of amyloid β-protein
Authors: Zhang Nuo , Wang Yaoguang , Zhao Guanhui , Wang Chao , Li Yueyuan , Zhang Yong , Wang Huan , Wei Qin
Published: November 2019

An ultrasensitive label-free photoelectrochemical immunosensor was developed to detect amyloid β-protein based on CdS/CdTe-cosensitized SnO2 nanoflowers.
A two-pronged anti-leukemic agent based on a hyaluronic acid–green tea catechin conjugate for inducing targeted cell death and terminal differentiation
Authors: Liang Kun , Bae Ki Hyun , Nambu Akiko , Dutta Bibek , Chung Joo Eun , Osato Motomi , Kurisawa Motoichi
Published: November 2019

A two-pronged anti-leukemic approach for leukemic cell elimination and differentiation is demonstrated using a hyaluronic acid–green tea catechin conjugate.
A multi-functional drug delivery system based on polyphenols for efficient tumor inhibition and metastasis prevention
Authors: Chen Si , Fan Jin-Xuan , Zheng Di-Wei , Liu Fan , Zeng Xuan , Yan Guo-Ping , Zhang Xian-Zheng
Published: November 2019

A multi-functional drug delivery system EINP@DOX, which integrated therapy, imaging and anti-metastatic functions, was constructed to realize a systematic tumor treatment.
Multitasking polyamine/ferrioxalate nano-sized assemblies: thermo-, photo-, and redox-responsive soft materials made easy
Authors: Herrera Santiago E. , Agazzi Maximiliano L. , Cortez M. Lorena , Marmisollé Waldemar A. , Tagliazucchi Mario , Azzaroni Omar
Published: November 2019

Thermo-, photo-, and redox-responsive nanoparticles can be prepared through a one-step process by simply using polyamines and potassium ferrioxalate as ionic crosslinker.
Enhancing IR to NIR upconversion emission in Er3+-sensitized phosphors by adding Yb3+ as a highly efficient NIR-emitting center for photovoltaic applications
Authors: Wu Hao , Hao Zhendong , Zhang Liangliang , Zhang Xia , Pan Guo-Hui , Luo Yongshi , Wu Huajun , Zhao Haifeng , Zhang Hong , Zhang Jiahua
Published: November 2019

The IR to NIR upconversion emission is enhanced through codoping Yb3+ and the upconversion luminescence kinetics involved is investigated.
Covalently anchoring cobalt phthalocyanine on zeolitic imidazolate frameworks for efficient carbon dioxide electroreduction
Authors: Yang Zhongjie , Zhang Xiaofei , Long Chang , Yan Shuhao , Shi Yanan , Han Jianyu , Zhang Jing , An Pengfei , Chang Lin , Tang Zhiyong
Published: November 2019

Transformation of CO2 into fuels has drawn great attention due to increasing carbon emission in recent years.
Control of spintronic and electronic properties of bimetallic and vacancy-ordered vanadium carbide MXenes via surface functionalization
Authors: Li Shuo , He Junjie , Nachtigall Petr , Grajciar Lukáš , Brivio Federico
Published: November 2019

Control of spintronic and electronic properties of vanadium carbide i-MXenes via surface functionalization.
Understanding the role of surface basic sites of catalysts in CO2 activation in dry reforming of methane: a short review
Authors: Aziz M. A. A. , Jalil A. A. , Wongsakulphasatch S. , Vo Dai-Viet N.
Published: November 2019

Surface oxygen basic sites are vital to the CO2 activation in dry reforming of methane.
Theobromine and direct arylation: a sustainable and scalable solution to minimize aggregation caused quenching
Authors: Huang Yunping , Liu Yun , Sommerville Parker J. W. , Kaminsky Werner , Ginger David S. , Luscombe Christine K.
Published: November 2019

Green chemistry and a natural product together provide a cost-effective, safe and scalable solution to create luminophores with suppressed aggregation quenching in organic semiconductors.
Metal-chelate induced nanoparticle aggregation enhanced laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy for ultra-sensitive detection of trace metal ions in liquid samples
Authors: Liu Xiaojiao , Lin Qingyu , Tian Yonghui , Liao Wenlong , Yang Tao , Qian Cheng , Zhang Tianlong , Duan Yixiang
Published: November 2019

A simple but efficient strategy based on a matrix conversion method has been developed for determining trace metal ions in liquid samples using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS).
Facile preparation of biodegradable dual stimuli-responsive micelles from waterborne polyurethane for efficient intracellular drug delivery
Authors: Saeedi Sara , Omrani Ismail , Bafkary Reza , Sadeh Elaheh , Shendi Hasan Kashef , Nabid Mohammad Reza
Published: November 2019

A novel waterborne polyurethane based on main chain degradation under acidic and reductive conditions of tumors was synthesized.
Synthesis and characterization of a magnetic graphene oxide/Zn–Ni–Fe layered double hydroxide nanocomposite: an efficient mesoporous catalyst for the green preparation of biscoumarins
Authors: Zeynizadeh Behzad , Gilanizadeh Masumeh
Published: November 2019

A novel magnetic graphene oxide/Zn–Ni–Fe-layered double hydroxide was prepared and then utilized as an efficient heterogeneous as well mesoporous catalyst towards the synthesis of biscoumarin materials.
Boosting interfacial charge transfer and electricity generation for levofloxacin elimination in a self-driven bio-driven photoelectrocatalytic system
Authors: Zeng Libin , Li Xinyong , Zhao Qidong , Fan Shiying , Zhang Mingmei , Yin Zhifan , Chen Aicheng
Published: November 2019

Recently, molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) has stimulated significant research interest as a promising electrode candidate in solar cells and energy conservation fields.
Predicting in situ nanoparticle behavior using multiple particle tracking and artificial neural networks
Authors: Curtis Chad , McKenna Mike , Pontes Hugo , Toghani Dorsa , Choe Alex , Nance Elizabeth
Published: November 2019

Diffusion data obtained from multiple particle tracking of nanotherapeutically-relevant platforms can predict nanoparticle transport in living tissue.
A novel 3D Z-scheme heterojunction photocatalyst: Ag6Si2O7 anchored on flower-like Bi2WO6 and its excellent photocatalytic performance for the degradation of toxic pharmaceutical antibiotics
Authors: Li Shijie , Chen Jialin , Hu Shiwei , Jiang Wei , Liu Yanping , Liu Jianshe
Published: November 2019

A novel 3D Ag6Si2O7/Bi2WO6 Z-scheme heterojunction exhibited excellent photocatalytic performance for the degradation of toxic pharmaceutical antibiotics.
A diastereoselective approach to amino alcohols and application for divergent synthesis of dolastatin 10
Authors: Nie Xiao-Di , Mao Zhuo-Ya , Zhou Wen , Si Chang-Mei , Wei Bang-Guo , Lin Guo-Qiang
Published: November 2019

A diastereoselective approach to obtain amino alcohols through SmI2-induced radical addition and divergent synthesis of dolastatin 10 are described.
Development of a near infrared novel bioimaging agent via co-oligomerization of Congo red with aniline and o-phenylenediamine: experimental and theoretical studies
Authors: Singh Neetika , Kumar Prabhat , Kumar Raj , Aazam Elham S. , Riaz Ufana
Published: November 2019

To study the effect of insertion of a multifunctional dye moiety on the photophysical properties of conducting polymers, the present paper reports for the first time the homopolymerization and co-oligomerization of Congo red (CR) dye with aniline and o-phenylenediamine.
Recent advances in metallopolymer-based drug delivery systems
Authors: Dzhardimalieva Gulzhian I. , Rabinskiy Lev N. , Kydralieva Kamila A. , Uflyand Igor E.
Published: November 2019

The recent (over the past five years) advances and problems associated with the use of metallopolymers as drug delivery systems (DDSs) are presented and assessed.
Efficiencies and mechanisms of the chemical cleaning of fouled polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) membranes during the microfiltration of alkali/surfactant/polymer flooding oilfield wastewater
Authors: Zhang Bing , Yu Shuili , Zhu Youbing , Shen Yu , Gao Xu , Shi Wenxin , Tay Joo Hwa
Published: November 2019

The chemical cleaning of fouled polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) membranes with different reagents after the microfiltration of alkali/surfactant/polymer (ASP) flooding oilfield wastewater was examined in this study.
A collection of forcefield precursors for metal–organic frameworks
Authors: Chen Taoyi , Manz Thomas A.
Published: November 2019

Atom-in-material (AIM) partial charges, dipoles and quadrupoles, dispersion coefficients (C6, C8, C10), polarizabilities, electron cloud parameters, radial moments, and atom types were extracted from quantum chemistry calculations for >3000 MOFs.
Fluorine ion induced phase evolution of tin-based perovskite thin films: structure and properties
Authors: Wu Junsheng , Fang Fang , Zhao Zhuo , Li Tong , Ullah Rizwan , Lv Zhe , Zhou Yanwen , Sawtell David
Published: November 2019

Fluorine dopant inhibited the oxidation process in CsSnI3−xFx films with high carrier concentration, low resistivity and wide light absorption.
Synthesis of Bi2O3/g-C3N4for enhanced photocatalytic CO2reduction with a Z-scheme mechanism
Authors: Peng Hao , Guo Rui-Tang , Lin He , Liu Xing-Yu
Published: November 2019

Bi2O3/g-C3N4composites were synthesized and used in photocatalytic reduction of CO2with a Z-scheme mechanism.
Biofunctional few-layer metal dichalcogenides and related heterostructures produced by direct aqueous exfoliation using phospholipids
Authors: Williams Aled T. , Donno Roberto , Tirelli Nicola , Dryfe Robert A. W.
Published: November 2019

We report a method for preparing aqueous dispersions of biofunctional transition-metal dichalcogenides (MoS2, WS2, TiS2 and MoSe2) and their related heterostructures directly via ultrasonic exfoliation mediated by the presence of phospholipids.
Carbene metal amide photoemitters: tailoring conformationally flexible amides for full color range emissions including white-emitting OLED
Authors: Romanov Alexander S. , Jones Saul T. E. , Gu Qinying , Conaghan Patrick J. , Drummond Bluebell H. , Feng Jiale , Chotard Florian , Buizza Leonardo , Foley Morgan , Linnolahti Mikko , Credgington Dan , Bochmann Manfred
Published: November 2019

Conformationally flexible “Carbene–Metal–Amide” (CMA) complexes of copper and gold show photoemissions across the visible spectrum, including mechanochromic behavior which led to the first CMA-based white light-emitting OLED.
Pt-loaded Au@CeO2 core–shell nanocatalysts for improving methanol oxidation reaction activity
Authors: Dao Dung Van , Le Thanh Duc , Adilbish Ganpurev , Lee In-Hwan , Yu Yeon-Tae
Published: November 2019

Ultralow Pt-loaded Au@CeO2 core–shell nanocatalysts have been successfully prepared for methanol oxidation reaction activity for the first time.
Diabatic Hamiltonian construction in van der Waals heterostructure complexes
Authors: Xie Yu , Sun Huijuan , Zheng Qijing , Zhao Jin , Ren Hao , Lan Zhenggang
Published: November 2019

A diabatization method is developed for the description of the photoinduced charge separation/transfer processes in van der Waals heterostructures, which is based on the wavefunction projection approach using a plane wave basis set in the single-particle picture.
A Br-regulated transition metal active-site anchoring and exposure strategy in biomass-derived carbon nanosheets for obtaining robust ORR/HER electrocatalysts at all pH values
Authors: Lv Xuehui , Chen Yanli , Wu Yanling , Wang Haoyuan , Wang Xinlong , Wei Chuangyu , Xiao Zuoxu , Yang Guangwu , Jiang Jianzhuang
Published: November 2019

An outstanding pH-universal bifunctional electrocatalyst is developed using a novel TMAAE strategy with departure of Br-species attached to the Co–N4macrocycle.
DNA-templated quantum dots and their applications in biosensors, bioimaging, and therapy
Authors: Yang Yeling , Mao Guobin , Ji Xinghu , He Zhike
Published: November 2019

In this review, we summarize the current progress on phosphorothioated-DNA functionalized QDs for applications in biosensors, bioimaging, and therapy.
Hypoxia-augmented and photothermally-enhanced ferroptotic therapy with high specificity and efficiency
Authors: An Peijing , Gu Dihai , Gao Zhiguo , Fan Fengying , Jiang Yong , Sun Baiwang
Published: November 2019

The hypoxia-responsive-Azo–BSA functionalized biomimetic nanoreactor achieved a sustaining and intensive Fenton reaction accelerated by not only sustained Fe2+and H2O2supply but also low pH and photothermal stimulation.
A theoretical investigation on promising acceptor groups for POM-based dyes: from electronic structure to photovoltaic conversion efficiency
Authors: Gao Yu , Guan Wei , Yan Li-Kai , Su Zhong-Min
Published: November 2019

Theoretical calculations based on the density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT (TD-DFT) were employed to screen efficient acceptor group candidates for POM-based dyes.
Highly compact and smooth all-inorganic perovskite films for low threshold amplified spontaneous emission from additive-assisted solution processing
Authors: Li Jing , Zhou Wei , Jiang Li , Fang Zhishan , Yang Zhaoliang , Lin Chen , Xu Xiaoli , Ye Zhizhen , Zhu Haiming , He Haiping
Published: November 2019

Adding octylammonium halide into perovskite precursors leads to highly compact and ultra-smooth CsPbX3 films with low threshold amplified spontaneous emission.
Solvothermal synthesis of cesium lead halide nanocrystals with controllable dimensions: a stoichiometry defined growth mechanism
Authors: Chen Min , Hu Huicheng , Yao Nan , Yuan Xiaolei , Zhong Qixuan , Cao Muhan , Xu Yong , Zhang Qiao
Published: November 2019

A solvothermal approach was developed to precisely control the dimensions (3D, 2D & 1D) of CsPbBr3 nanostructures.
A few-layer InSe-based sensitivity-enhanced photothermal fiber sensor
Authors: Wang Rui , Wu Qing , Jiang Xiantao , Fan Taojian , Guo Jia , Wang Cong , Zhang Feng , Gao Yali , Zhang Meng , Luo Zhengqian , Zhang Han
Published: November 2019

Two-dimensional (2D) InSe has recently attracted increasing attention due to its outstanding electrical transport property, excellent photo-response, and direct band gap characteristics.
Indoor propagation models for emulated LTE networks
Authors: Bermudez Hector Fabio , Sanchez‐Iborra Ramón , Arciniegas Jose Luis , Campo Wilmar Yesid , Cano María Dolores
Published: November 2019

The growth in mobile network data traffic is even more noticeable in networks compatible with the Long‐Term Evolution (LTE) standard. As such, both academia and industry seek mechanisms aimed at improving new communications systems, therefore, new test benches are required. The emulators are candidates to validate the proposals without affecting the real central systems. However, many papers that seek to address LTE emulation ignore the not‐so‐insignificant effect of wireless media propagation features. In this work, a characterization of the main propagation models used by typical emulation systems has been carried out. The network simulator three tool using indoor propagation models, has compared the outcomes achieved compared with the results obtained in a real test bench. Since most mobile data in the coming years is forecast to be mobile video traffic, this study focuses on a live video streaming service, considering both real‐time message protocol and real‐time streaming protocol transmission protocols. From the results, we demonstrate that only one of the propagation models under study is able to equate with a real LTE system performance. Thereby, the emulation system under this specific setup is well suited to conducting performance tests of LTE networks supporting video streaming services in indoor scenarios.