bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
COVID-19 PANDEMIC, CENSORSHIP AND LABOUR LAW PROTECTION IN POLAND – SELECTED ISSUES.
Authors: Kobron Gasiorowska Lucja
Published: June 2021

Covid-19 pandemic had a significant impact on many areas of human life, and above all, on the area of economic and professional activity. In particular, pandemic changed the labor market, not only in labor market mechanisms but also in fundamental labor laws. The global Covid-19 epidemic resulted in the Polish labor market - remote work, which was a response to the widespread closure of the country. Unfortunately, there also have been problems with the freedom of speech for employees during the coronavirus pandemic in Poland. The paper focuses on the topics mentioned above, stressing areas related to the security of employee rights that can be considered controversial.
LA “LIBRE” CIRCULACIÓN DE LOS CIUDADANOS ECONÓMICAMENTE INACTIVOS EN LA UNIÓN EUROPEA.COMENTARIO A LA SENTENCIA DEL TRIBUNAL DE JUSTICIA DE 17 DE DICIEMBRE DE 2020, G.M.A, ASUNTO C-710/19.
Authors: Pazó Argibay José Manuel
Published: June 2021

La libre circulación de los ciudadanos económicamente inactivos se encuentra severamente condicionada por las limitaciones que los Estados miembros, y el propio Tribunal de Justicia, han establecido para evitar un acceso generalizado a las prestaciones de asistencia social. Para los demandantes de empleo, el alcance de la libre circulación se encuentra estrechamente ligado al mantenimiento de la condición de trabajador con los requisitos y límites que establece la Directiva 2004/38/CE. La Sentencia G.M.A. ha venido a fortalecer la libre circulación de este colectivo al precisar el plazo en que debe realizarse la búsqueda de empleo y en qué momento deben acreditarse las verdaderas posibilidades de ser contratados.
¿Puede ayudarnos la filosofía de la física a entender el papel del con-texto externo en la interpretación de los derechos constitucionales?. Algunas indicaciones derivadas de la “Duhem-Quine tesis”.
Authors: Beniamino Zezza Michele
Published: June 2021

El estudio tiene como objetivo reflexionar sobre el condicionamiento ejercido por el contexto externo en la interpretación jurídica de las disposiciones constitucionales que reconocen derechos fundamentales. Para ello, se retoman algunas indicaciones metodológicas procedentes del ámbito de la “tesis de Duhem-Quine”: no se pretende sostener la existencia de una relación de identidad entre la filosofía de la física y el plan jurídico, sino más bien la posibilidad de una transposición analógica, en el marco de la interpretación jurídica, de algunas adquisiciones esenciales del holismo epistemológico
Challenges of the forensic science facing new technologies.
Authors: Magherescu Delia
Published: June 2021

In the era of new technologies, used in the field of criminal justice, the forensic science has passed real challenges facing those means of gathering and administering scientific evidence in criminal proceedings. Artificial intelligence and how it meets the judiciary is a well-known question for the hightech in the field. The current paper aims at analyzing and discussing the features the judicial activity in criminal matters is characterized with during the criminal proceedings. The most important elements of new technologies come to state the consequences that they produce in criminal cases investigated by means of forensic evidence including new digital technologies. In order to achieve the proposed goal of the current paper, certain main purposes have been highlighted, which consist particularly in the procedure of using methods of forensic science for the investigation of crimes, as well as elements of new means of technologies including artificial intelligence. The proposed topic is carried out through qualitative research methods conducted on approaching challenges of the forensic science facing new technologies, combined with in-depth elements of criminal proceedings.
El derecho del trabajo como un medio para atenuar el impacto de la vigilancia del trabajador, su manipulación y su discriminación en el ámbito laboral de la sociedad de la transparencia.
Authors: Mascitti Matías
Published: June 2021

En este artículo mostramos la influencia de las herramientas tecnológicas –basadas en IA, aprendizaje automático y big data– en el mundo del trabajo que conllevan ventajas y riesgos para el trabajador. Entre estos últimos, destacamos el peligro que corre en su ecosistema de trabajo de: vigilancia ilegítima, manipulación que daña su salud y discriminación. Después de un breve recorrido por el Derecho laboral desde su fundación hasta hoy, analizamos las normas legales: europeas, españolas, norteamericanas y argentinas que cubren algunas de las lagunas normativas generadas en este novedoso universo fáctico. Asimismo, destacamos la necesidad imperiosa de su sistematización –en un marco de constitucionalización de las ramas jurídicas– cuyo propósito es proteger al trabajador respetando su: privacidad, salud, libertad, igualdad y dignidad como respuesta al exponencial avance digital en esta sociedad de la transparencia. Por otro lado, nos referimos a los tópicos de este trabajo por medio: de un estudio estático –a través del análisis de diversas normativas legales y de enfoques interdisciplinarios– y de una visión dinámica –que es ofrecida por la estrategia en el Derecho–.
Theorizing an enhancement of the protection and of the justiciability of biorights in the European Union.
Authors: Fanni Simona
Published: June 2021

The attention given to bioethics and biolaw has grown throughout the decades in the framework of the European Union, since the first steps were taken in the field of medical products, with the adoption of Council Directive 65/65/EEC. Moving from the EU Treaties, which provide the legal bases for bioethics and biorights as well as for some potentially competing principles and interests, as the four freedoms, this study adopts a human rights-based approach to biolaw and assesses the jurisprudence of the Court of Justice of the European Union and the role of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union (CFR) from this viewpoint. Comparison is made with the jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights, for analysing viable paths of judicial dialogue and cross-fertilization as a response to the challenges posed by biolaw, in line with Article 52(3) of the CFR.
Rompiendo moldes: María Luz Morales y la crónica femenina.
Authors: Arroyo Cabello María
Published: June 2021

María Luz Morales pertenece a una generación de periodistas y escritoras recientemente descubiertas por los investigadores. Precursora del periodismo cultural, su prolífica obra la convierte en un referente en la historia del periodismo. El propósito de este trabajo es recopilar las crónicas tituladas Charlas publicadas en la sección «La Mujer, el Niño y el Hogar» de El Sol, además de estudiar su aportación a la modernización de la mujer por la vía de la cultura. Para ello se ha consultado El Sol entre 1926 y 1931 en la Hemeroteca Digital de la Biblioteca Nacional, revisado la literatura científica y efectuado un análisis de contenido. El análisis revela que, si bien los temas coinciden con los contenidos habituales de las revistas femeninas, sin embargo, difieren en el enfoque. El eje temático de las crónicas gira en torno a la literatura escrita por mujeres, literatura infantil, lectura, teatro y moda. La autora fomenta la promoción cultural de la mujer y reclama para ella una consideración intelectual de igualdad
Crónicas jornalísticas no feminino: impressões de um quotidiano instável no final do Estado Novo.
Authors: de Oliveira Martins José Cándido
Published: June 2021

Nos anos finais da ditadura do Estado Novo, mesmo com a actuação da censura prévia e de outras constrições, a imprensa periódica desempenhou um papel relevante de sensibilização crítica, nomeadamente ao nível da consciencialização do lugar e identidade do feminino. Através de um “corpus” de três livros de crónicas escritas nessa época por três escritoras (Maria Judite de Carvalho, Agustina Bessa-Luís e Maria Teresa Horta), procura-se desenvolver uma reflexão em torno da problematização da questão da Mulher, através da flexibilidade e abertura do género da crónica, simultaneamente jornalística e literária. Adoptando estilos diversos, as três escritoras apresentam um apreciável contributo para essa reflexão em torno da condição feminina, questão muito discutida na época
Feminismo, poder e representações mediáticas ao longo dos 40 anos da democracia portuguesa.
Authors: Cabrera Ana
Published: June 2021

Em Portugal, o período pós-revolucionário, não originou alterações nas questões da igualdade entre homens e mulheres. Contudo, nos últimos 40 anos, houve duas questões centrais para a igualdade de género, debatidas no Parlamento: a paridade e a legalização do aborto. Em 1975 a política era profundamente masculina e os homens ocupavam o centro das decisões em todas as esferas da sociedade. Quarenta anos depois, a representação das mulheres na Assembleia da República passou 7,6% para 40% em 2019, graças à aprovação da Lei da Paridade em 2006. Também a luta pela despenalização do aborto se arrastou desde 1974 a 2007, altura em o segundo referendo foi aprovado. Este consistiu num processo longo e muito polarizado, com confronto de posições antagónicas, dentro e fora do Parlamento. Neste percurso intervieram, partidos políticos, ONGs e diversas organizações de mulheres. Neste artigo analisaremos as dinâmicas sociais e políticas que propiciaram aquelas mudanças, destacaremos as lutas em que as mulheres se envolveram, e examinaremos as alterações na cobertura mediática para as questões de género, a partir de dois casos centrais: a Paridade e a Interrupção Voluntária da Gravidez (IVG). Verificamos que foram os debates sobre estes assuntos que mais envolveram as mulheres, e que mais contribuíram para a tomada de consciência da sua situação face à sociedade patriarcal, abrindo portas à sua emancipação e empoderamento.
Entrando en los noventa: feminismo de estado e imagen de la mujer trabajadora en las ficciones de TVE.
Authors: Jurado Javier
Published: June 2021

En este artículo nos adentramos en las representaciones que TVE difunde de la mujer trabajadora en las series de ficción durante la tercera legislatura de Felipe González. Son los años en los que el Instituto de la Mujer establece el primer Plan para la Igualdad de Oportunidades de las Mujeres (PIOM, 1988-1990) que favorece la integración masiva de las mujeres en el mercado laboral remunerado, esto es, a su "profesionalización". Esta imagen se transmite en las series en la que la caracterización y las narrativas se presentan bajo la óptica patriarcal respecto a la imagen de la mujer. Es más, las mujeres de clase trabajadora están sistemáticamente invisibilizadas y/o minusvaloradas a través de bromas sexistas, violencia verbal...
Historia y presente de las creadoras audiovisuales andaluzas: el caso de Oliva Acosta.
Authors: Torres Martín José Luis , Castro Martínez Andrea
Published: June 2021

Las mujeres han desempeñado históricamente un papel subalterno en el mundo audiovisual, especialmente detrás de las cámaras. La escasez de creadoras audiovisuales se hace más acuciante en Andalucía, región tradicionalmente alejada de los focos de producción de la industria española. La Transición trajo aparejada una incorporación paulatina de las mujeres al sector y prueba de ello es Oliva Acosta. La gaditana ha desarrollado su labor desde los primeros años 90, en los que empezó ideando y dirigiendo documentales en TVE, hasta la creación de su propia productora, pasando por Las constituyentes (2011), su largometraje más premiado. Acosta ha sido, además, responsable de comunicación en Asuntos de Igualdad de la ONU y es miembro de AAMMA. A través de la revisión documental y de una entrevista en profundidad, este estudio de caso indaga en la relevancia histórica de su figura en el audiovisual andaluz y español, así como en su trayectoria profesional, filmografía y rutinas productivas. Los resultados muestran una vida y obra marcadas profundamente por las perspectivas social y de género, con especial interés por la recuperación de la memoria oral de las mujeres y por la incorporación femenina a los puestos técnicos y directivos de la industria audiovisual.
España cumple 25 años de paz, Suplemento nacional de la prensa del Movimiento (1964). Entre la propaganda y la desafección (1 y 2).
Authors: Arias González Luis , de Luis Martin Francisco
Published: June 2021

: A través del análisis del Suplemento del 1 de abril de 1964, editado por la Prensa del Movimiento, se estudia el impacto de la campaña de propaganda institucional “XXV años de Paz Española” en los medios de comunicación y su distinta acogida e interpretación. Asimismo, sirve para reflejar las tensiones que existían entre las distintas familias del Régimen en aquel momento coyuntural y con respecto al proyecto conmemorativo dirigido por Fraga y su equipo. También, es una muestra del relevo generacional y la transformación del periodismo vivida en paralelo al acontecimiento.
Enlighten and empower
Authors: Swain Pam
Published: June 2021

Pam Swain discusses the issue of equality, diversity and inclusion in dentistry
A student's perspective
Authors: Russell Marisa
Published: June 2021

Marisa Russell talks to Kelly Woodward about her experience of Molar Mentoring's pregnancy and paediatric oral hygiene course
Sir Grafton Elliot Smith: distinguished Australian anatomist and Egyptologist
Authors: Ellis Harold
Published: June 2021

This year marks the 150th anniversary of the birth of Grafton Elliot Smith, the distinguished Australian-born anatomist and an early expert on the excavations of ancient Egypt.
Barotrauma during non-invasive ventilation for acute respiratory distress syndrome caused by COVID-19: a balance between risks and benefits
Authors: Gabrielli M , Valletta F , Franceschi F ,   on behalf of Gemelli Against COVID 2019
Published: June 2021

Ventilatory support is vital for the management of severe forms of COVID-19. Non-invasive ventilation is often used in patients who do not meet criteria for intubation or when invasive ventilation is not available, especially in a pandemic when resources are limited. Despite non-invasive ventilation providing effective respiratory support for some forms of acute respiratory failure, data about its effectiveness in patients with viral-related pneumonia are inconclusive. Acute respiratory distress syndrome caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 infection causes life-threatening respiratory failure, weakening the lung parenchyma and increasing the risk of barotrauma. Pulmonary barotrauma results from positive pressure ventilation leading to elevated transalveolar pressure, and in turn to alveolar rupture and leakage of air into the extra-alveolar tissue.

This article reviews the literature regarding the use of non-invasive ventilation in patients with acute respiratory failure associated with COVID-19 and other epidemic or pandemic viral infections and the related risk of barotrauma.
Optimal Maintenance Probabilities and Preventive Replacement Maintenance Policy for Photocopy Machines
Authors: Udoh Nse , Udom Akaninyene , Ohaegbunem Fredrick
Published: June 2021

The need for suitable replacement policies are essential to minimize down time, maintenance cost and maximize the availability and reliability of equipment. On this premise, this work models the failure rate of Photocopy machines and obtain its optimal preventive maintenance policy that would prevent damage and its attendant losses to both users and end-product consumers. The failure distribution of the machine was shown to follow the Log-Logistic distribution with shape parameter, ˆα=1.723339368 and scale parameter, ˆβ=763.9219635. Optimal probabilities of the distribution were obtained and utilized in both the cumulative failure function and cumulative hazard function-based replacement models to formulate a replacement maintenance policy for the machine. The failure cumulative function-based replacement model was found to be a better model which yields optimal replacement maintenance time of 166 hours at a minimum cost of 113 Naira for maintaining the machine per cycle time with 96% availability, 94% reliability and 0.07% chance of failure occurrence in the machine.
Concurrent thyrolipomatosis and thymolipoma in a patient with myasthenia gravis: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Campion T , Maity A , Ali S , Richards P , Adams A
Published: June 2021

We present a case of a man with a background of myasthenia gravis who presented with a neck lump, which was diagnosed as thyrolipomatosis in continuity with a very large thymolipoma. Following removal of these lesions, the patient’s myaesthenic symptoms improved. While thymolipomas are often seen in the context of myasthenia gravis, thyrolipomatosis is a rare entity and to our knowledge the concurrent finding of both lesions with myasthenia gravis has never been reported. We highlight the important imaging features of both entities and the clinical importance of recognising them.
Chyle leak following total colectomy for ulcerative colitis: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Brewer CF , Al-Abed Y
Published: June 2021

Chyle leak is a rare complication in colorectal surgery. It occurs due to disruption of the lymphatic drainage network in the abdomen or retroperitoneum. We describe the first reported case of chyle leak following total colectomy for inflammatory bowel disease. Our patient underwent total colectomy for severe ulcerative colitis not responsive to medical treatment. Four days postoperatively, a milky fluid was noted in the drainage bag. Analysis of the fluid confirmed chyle. The patient remained well and was successfully managed conservatively with a fat-free elemental diet and was discharged from hospital on day 12 postoperatively. A review of the literature suggests that conservative management with dietary modification is a common and effective management strategy; however, medical and surgical options exist for refractory cases.
An unusual presentation of synchronous bladder metastases from an oesophageal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Wignall D , Sawant R , Gkentzis A , Lee L
Published: June 2021

Adenocarcinoma of the bladder is a rare form of malignancy accounting for fewer than 2% of bladder tumours. It is most commonly a result of direct invasion from prostatic, rectal or gynaecological primaries and less commonly presents from distant haematological or lymphatic metastasis. We report a rare case of oesophageal carcinoma metastasising to the bladder. It involves a 71-year-old man with progressive dysphagia and diagnostic computerised tomography findings of thickening in the oesophagus, bladder and common bile duct. Subsequent endoscopic biopsies of the oesophageal and bladder abnormalities showed immunohistochemical features consistent with upper gastrointestinal malignancy. This report aims to add to current clinical evidence of this route of metastasis and also highlight some of the key markers used by pathologists in interpretation of specimens. It also emphasises the essential role of a multidisciplinary approach for the diagnosis of such rare conditions.
What does the SRS-22 outcome measure tell us about spinal deformity surgery for Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis in the UK?
Authors: Gardner Adrian , Cole Ashley , Harding Ian
Published: June 2021

Introduction

The purpose of this study was to analyse SRS-22 outcomes measures recorded on the British Spine Registry (BSR) for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) surgery in the UK.

Methods

All cases having completed an SRS-22 outcome score and labelled with a diagnosis code of ‘AIS’ on the BSR were analysed. The SRS-22 score for primary cases was analysed by both individual domains and as a total score over time following surgery.

Results

A total of 3,860 cases were labelled as AIS recorded from 3,481 individuals. For primary cases, surgery improved the SRS-22 scores in every domain and as a total score, and this was maintained over time. There was no significant change in the scores recorded between 1 and 2 years of follow up apart from in function (and thus total score) for primary cases.

Conclusions

Surgery for AIS in the UK improves quality of life assessed using SRS-22. Mandatory follow up to 2 years postoperatively adds little information not already known at 1 year. We recommend that the Best Practice Tariff incorporates the collection of outcomes data as this is likely to reduce missing data.
Adapting an emergency general surgery service in response to the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Hickland P , Clements JM , Convie LJ , McKay D , McElvanna K
Published: June 2021

Introduction

In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, our emergency general surgery (EGS) service underwent significant restructuring, including establishing an enhanced ambulatory service and undertaking nonoperative management of selected pathologies. The aim of this study was to compare the activity of our EGS service before and after these changes.

Methods

Patients referred by the emergency department were identified prospectively over a 4-week period beginning from the date our EGS service was reconfigured (COVID) and compared with patients identified retrospectively from the same period the previous year (Pre-COVID), and followed up for 30 days. Data were extracted from handover documents and electronic care records. The primary outcomes were the rate of admission, ambulation and discharge.

Results

There were 281 and 283 patients during the Pre-COVID and COVID periods respectively. Admission rate decreased from 78.7% to 41.7%, while there were increased rates of ambulation from 7.1% to 17.3% and discharge from 6% to 22.6% (all p<0.001). For inpatients, mean duration of admission decreased (6.9 to 4.8 days), and there were fewer operative or endoscopic interventions (78 to 40). There were increased ambulatory investigations (11 to 39) and telephone reviews (0 to 39), while early computed tomography scan was increasingly used to facilitate discharge (5% vs 34.7%). There were no differences in 30-day readmission or mortality.

Conclusions

Restructuring of our EGS service in response to COVID-19 facilitated an increased use of ambulatory services and imaging, achieving a decrease of 952 inpatient bed days in this critical period, while maintaining patient safety.
Safety and feasibility of resuming bariatric surgery under the cloud of COVID-19
Authors: Mamidanna R , Askari A , Patel K , Adil MT , Jain V , Jambulingam P , Whitelaw D , Rashid F , Munasinghe A , Al-Taan O
Published: June 2021

Introduction

Because of the COVID-19 pandemic, numerous bariatric surgical units globally have halted weight loss surgery. Obesity itself has been shown to be a predictor of poor outcome in people infected with the virus. The aim of this study was to report our experience as a high-volume bariatric institution resuming elective weight loss surgery safely amidst emergency admissions of COVID-19-positive patients.

Methods

A standard operating procedure based on national guidance and altered to accommodate local considerations was initiated across the hospital. Data were collected prospectively for 50 consecutive patients undergoing bariatric surgery following recommencement of elective surgery after the first national lockdown in the UK.

Results

Between 28 June and 5 August 2020, a total of 50 patients underwent bariatric surgery of whom 94% were female. Median age was 41 years and median body mass index was 43.8 (interquartile range 40.0–48.8)kg/m2. Half of the patients (n = 25/50) underwent laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy and half underwent Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB). Of these 50 patients, 9 (18%) had revisional bariatric surgery. Overall median length of hospital stay was 1 day, with 96% of the study population being discharged within 24h of surgery. The overall rate of readmission was 6% and one patient (2%) returned to theatre with an obstruction proximal to jejuno-jejunal anastomosis. None of the patients exhibited symptoms or tested positive for COVID-19.

Conclusion

With appropriately implemented measures and precautions, resumption of bariatric surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic appears feasible and safe with no increased risk to patients.
Safety of emergency, elective and day case operating during the winter period at East Suffolk and North Essex NHS Foundation Trust: lessons from the outcomes of 4,254 surgical patients from the first COVID-19 wave
Authors: Parikh S , Cooper L , Matthews W , Khan M , Syed S , Vasudevan SP , Brosnan C , Barr L , Loeffler M
Published: June 2021

Background

There is limited evidence on perioperative outcomes of surgical patients during the COVID-19 pandemic to inform continued operating into the winter period.

Methods

We retrospectively analysed the rate of 30-day COVID-19 transmission and mortality of all surgical patients in the three hospitals in our trust in the East of England during the first lockdown in March 2020. All patients who underwent a swab were swabbed on or 24 hours prior to admission.

Results

There were 4,254 patients and an overall 30-day mortality of 0.99%. The excess surgical mortality in our region was 0.29%. There were 39 patients who were COVID-19 positive within 30 days of admission, 12 of whom died. All 12 were emergency admissions with a length of stay longer than 24 hours. There were three deaths among those who underwent day case surgery, one of whom was COVID-19 negative, and the other two were not swabbed but not suspected to have COVID-19. There were two COVID-19 positive elective cases and none in day case elective or emergency surgery. There were no COVID-19 positive deaths in elective or day case surgery.

Conclusions

There was a low rate of COVID-19 transmission and mortality in elective and day case operations. Our data have allowed us to guide patients in the consent process and provided the evidence base to restart elective and day case operating with precautions and regular review. A number of regions will be similarly affected and should perform a review of their data for the winter period and beyond.
Mirror-symmetry breaking mitigates finite-size related performance degradation in guided mode resonance filters
Authors: Vyas Hardik , Hegde Ravi
Published: June 2021

Guided mode resonances in subwavelength patterned thin-films endow them with narrow-linewidth near-unity reflectance peaks. Their ultrathin profile is particularly attractive when mated with image sensor arrays that enables compact field-deployable spectral filtering and sensing systems. While this approach enjoys several advantages over other approaches, a well known limitation is the trade-off between the lateral footprint and spectral linewidth. Mirroring strategies involving metallic or distributed Bragg reflectors have been explored in the past to improve lateral confinement at the expense of increased fabrication complexity, footprint, and insertion loss. Here, we numerically study mirrorless grating modification strategies and predict the mitigation of finite-size related performance degradation. Specifically, we consider mirror symmetry broken miniaturized medium refractive index contrast (silicon nitride) gratings, which exhibit quasi bound states in the continuum (QBIC) resonances. For the same lateral footprint, a nearly 2 fold improvement in quality factor is predicted for the proposed design in comparison to a simple grating surrounded by aluminium mirrors. Numerical study of the design and operational performance of visible-wavelength arrayed filters and multiplexed refractive index sensors is presented. For a typical lateral device footprint of 8 µm, the gratings span wavelengths ranging from 560 nm–800 nm with a coupling efficiency of 43–60%, and a full width half maximum (FWHM) of 4 nm–12 nm. Besides this, the proposed geometry gives a four times better figure of merit (FOM) than the unperturbed medium contrast grating in surface refractometric sensing.
Assessing emergency healthcare accessibility in the Salton Sea region of Imperial County, California
Authors: Juturu Preeti
Published: June 2021

The area surrounding California’s Salton Sea, which lies within Riverside and Imperial counties, has particularly negative health outcomes. Imperial County, a primarily rural region that encompasses the lake, has pediatric asthma-related emergency healthcare visits that double the state average. This paper seeks to assess the level of emergency healthcare access in the Salton Sea region of Imperial County, drawing from spatial science methods. For this study, the "Salton Sea region" is defined as all Imperial County census tracts that include the Salton Sea within its boundaries. To measure "access," this study calculated driving travel times from census tracts to hospitals within Imperial County rather than Euclidean distance to account for geography and urban infrastructures such as road networks and traffic conditions. This study also used the Rational Agent Access Model, or RAAM, to assess access. RAAM scores account for the supply and demand for hospitals in addition to travel times. Results showed that the average travel time for Salton Sea region residents to drive to Imperial County emergency healthcare facilities ranged from 50–61 minutes, compared to 14–20 minutes for other Imperial County tracts. RAAM scores, compared to other Imperial County tracts, were about 30% higher in the Salton Sea region, meaning that healthcare supply is limited in the region. State and county policy should account for spatial inaccessibility to healthcare institutions in order to address emergency healthcare access.
Modelling smallholder farmers’ preferences for soil fertility management technologies in Benin: A stated preference approach
Authors: Zossou Segla Roch Cedrique , Adegbola Patrice Ygue , Oussou Brice Tiburce , Dagbenonbakin Gustave , Mongbo Roch
Published: June 2021

The decline of soil fertility is a major constraint which results in lower levels of crop productivity, agricultural development and food security in Sub-Saharan Africa. This study is the first to perform a focalized investigation on the most interesting technological profiles to offer to each category of producers in Benin agricultural development hubs (ADHs) using the stated preference method, more precisely, the improved choice experiment method. The investigation focused on 1047 sampled plots from 962 randomly selected producers in villages of the Smallholder Agricultural Productivity Enhancement Program in Sub-Saharan Africa of the ADHs. An analysis of the experimental choice data with the endogenous attribute attendance and the latent class models was carried out to account for the attribute non-attendance phenomenon and the heterogeneity of the producers’ preferences. However, three classes of producer with different socio-economic, demographic, and soil physicochemical characteristics were identified. Thus, the heterogeneity of preferences was correlated with the attributes linked to the cost, sustainability, and frequency of plot maintenance. All producers, regardless of the ADHs, had a strong attachment to accessibility of technologies with short time restoration of soil fertility, and the ability to obtain additional benefits. These latest attributes, added to that relating to cost, tended to have a low probability of rejection in the decision-making process. These results have implications for local decision-makers facing the complex problem of resolving land degradation and local economic development challenges. The generalizability of these findings provides useful insight and direction for future studies in Sub-Saharan Africa.
Can China’s industrial policies enhance the green competitiveness of the manufacturing industry?
Authors: Zhao Qing , Yuan Chih-Hung
Published: June 2021

This study innovatively uses local government regulations related to manufacturing to quantitatively identify industrial policies. The degree of influence and functional mechanism of China’s industrial policies on the green competitiveness of the manufacturing industry are empirically examined using the provincial and regional panel data. Additionally, the synergistic complementary effect between industrial policy power and market forces and the fiscal decentralization’s role in influencing industrial policies are investigated. The results reveal that the promulgation and implementation of industrial policies have significantly promoted the green competitiveness of the manufacturing industry. Regarding functional mechanisms, environmental governance has played a positive role in promoting the green competitiveness of the manufacturing industry supported by industrial policies, resource allocation, and innovation incentives. Meanwhile, industrial policies on green competitiveness in manufacturing depend on marketization and fiscal decentralization in local governments. The above findings demonstrate that the local governments in China, a developing economy, can play the role of development-oriented governments. Based on conforming to market deepening and system optimization, they can formulate and implement industrial policies in a rational manner and achieve green development and upgrade the manufacturing industry.
Flexural strengthening of beams using post-tensioned metal straps fully wrapped around steel channels anchored to normal steel reinforced concrete beams
Authors: Abdullah Wrya , Rafiq Serwan Khwrshid
Published: June 2021

The efficacy of post-tensioned metal straps PTMS, wrapped around steel channels anchored to normal reinforced concrete (R.C) beams is tested in increasing the flexural capacity of the beams. For this purpose, nine normal R.C beams with dimensions of 160 mm x 240 mm x 2100 mm are constructed to fail in bending. The location and the number of the straps are considered as the main variable. It is found that using PTMS can enhance the load-carrying capacity of the beam by 29% to 63%. The decisive factors affecting the increase are the location of the straps (at the bottom or sides), shape of the flange and web edges (squared or rounded) and alignment of the flanges (vertical or inclined). A complete guide can be found in the paper as it is a novel method of strengthening beams which can be applied to the beams cast in place with integral slabs.
Changes in tear protein profile in dogs with keratoconjunctivitis sicca following topical treatment using cyclosporine A
Authors: Sussadee Metita , Rucksaken Rucksak , Havanapan Phattara-Orn , Reamtong Onrapak , Thayananuphat Aree
Published: June 2021

Background and Aim: Keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS) is a chronic inflammatory ocular disease that occurs in many dog breeds worldwide. This study aimed to investigate the tear protein pattern of healthy dogs, KCS dogs, and KCS dogs after treatment with cyclosporine A (CsA).

Materials and Methods: Twenty-eight dogs of any breed were enrolled in the study. The subjects were divided into three groups: Healthy, KCS, and CsA-treated dogs. Tear samples were collected using Schirmer strips. Tear proteins extracted from the strips were analyzed using two-dimensional electrophoresis. For the first dimension, total protein from tears was separated by isoelectric focusing. The second dimension was performed using 12.5% sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The gel images were analyzed and the protein spots of differential expression were manually cut for protein annotation using mass spectrometry.

Results: In total, 12 protein spots were excised and subjected to protein identification. Associated with KCS, six protein spots were a downregulated protein, namely, lysozyme. The other six protein spots were upregulated in KCS dogs, consisting of heat shock protein beta-1, protein S100-A12, and keratin type II cytoskeletal 1 and 5. After treatment with CsA for 45 days, the lysozyme protein was still decreasing and the inflammation protein (S100-A12) was not identified.

Conclusion: Inflammatory tear proteins and proteins involved in cellular stress were present in KCS dogs and appeared to be reduced in medicated eyes. Treatment with topical CsA in the short term may not improve the activity of antibacterial proteins. Changes in the expression patterns of these four proteins might be useful for disease severity and progression assessment, as well as for exploring a novel method for dry eye management in dogs.
Exploring ‘Next Practice’: Principals’ Perceptions of Graduate Skills and Attributes for Future Classrooms
Authors:   University of Southern Queensland, Fitzgerald Angela
Published: June 2021

The phrase ‘next practice’ was coined to indicate a shift from the notion of best practice to thinking more broadly about the needs of future learners and the ways in which teaching practice might align to support these needs. In understanding what next practice means for the classroom, this study was particularly interested in examining how initial teacher education (ITE) could respond through their graduate preparation. The presented data presented is derived from an Australian small-scale qualitative study that sought to explore principals’ perceptions of graduate skills and attributes for future classrooms which captured the perspectives of six primary and secondary school principals using in-depth interviews. Emerging from these subsequent narratives were seven themes that could be clustered around areas such as affective attributes, pedagogical considerations and personal wellbeing. In providing insights into the skills and attributes required by future teachers, this work raises questions how ITE providers might respond.
Learning Transformation Perceptions of Preservice Second Career Teachers
Authors:   Kibbutzim College of Education, Israel and Stellenbosch University, South Africa, Leshem Shosh , Carmel Rivi ,   Kibbutzim College of Education, Israel, Badash Merav ,   Kibbutzim College of Education, Israel, Topaz Beverley ,   Kibbutzim College of Education, Israel
Published: June 2021

Teachers’ shortage has become a critical issue in most countries in the world. One of the solutions has been the initiation of short-term teacher education programmes which attract adult career changers who enter the programme with prior working experiences and world knowledge. However, the process of transferring previous knowledge is challenging and teachers need to navigate new horizons. The aim of the study is to identify shifts in students’ perceptions regarding the teaching profession, and what experiences prompted the shifts. The research was conducted among 15 students in a teacher education college in Israel. The analysis of interviews exposed five main themes where students displayed shifts of perceptions. The themes relate directly to the two interrelated key concepts of second career teachers and transformative learning. The synergy between the two concepts created tension, dilemmas and dissonances which generated spaces for learning and fertile ground for shifting in frame of reference.
Trauma-informed Teacher Wellbeing: Teacher Reflections within Trauma-informed Positive Education
Authors:   University of Melbourne Graduate School of Education & Berry Street Victoria, Brunzell Tom , Waters Lea ,   University of Melbourne Graduate School of Education, Stokes Helen ,   University of Melbourne Graduate School of Education
Published: June 2021

For the last 15 years, teacher wellbeing has been a priority area of exploration within education and positive psychology literatures. However, increasing teacher wellbeing for those who educate students impacted by trauma has yet to be comprehensively explored despite repeated exposure of teachers to child trauma and their experiences of associated negative effects such as secondary traumatic stress, vicarious traumatisation, compassion fatigue and burnout. This study follows teachers’ understandings and reflections upon their own wellbeing after learning the literatures supporting trauma-informed positive education. Interpretative phenomenological analysis was used as the methodological approach to represent teachers (N = 18) in order to privilege the language, voices and experiences of participants. Results yielded a new set of domains of trauma-informed teacher wellbeing to assist teachers to increase their own wellbeing when working with students. The likely upsurge in students and teachers across the world experiencing trauma symptoms (primary and vicarious) arising from the COVID-19 global pandemic makes this research timely and relevant.
Infectious Abscess as Complication of Steroid Injection With Dilation of Refractory Upper Gastrointestinal Strictures
Authors: Voaklander Rebecca , Fang John
Published: June 2021

Benign, refractory upper gastrointestinal strictures can be challenging to treat. Dilation combined with intralesional steroid injection is part of treatment algorithms. This intervention is typically well-tolerated, and few complications of this technique have been reported in the literature. We report 2 patients with infectious abscesses, 1 involving the neck and 1 involving the pylorus, as a complication of steroid injection and dilation of refractory strictures.
EFETIVIDADE DOS PARCELAMENTOS FISCAIS PARA A SOLVÊNCIA CORPORATIVA NO BRASIL
Authors: Borges Sabrina Rafaela Pereira , Rech Ilírio José
Published: June 2021

Objetivo: A renegociação de dívidas tributárias tem sido justificada sob o enfoque da insolvência, cujo propósito é “salvar” as empresas e recuperar os créditos tributários. Esta pesquisa tem por objetivo verificar a efetividade dos parcelamentos fiscais para a solvência das companhias abertas brasileirasMétodo: Foram comparados os Z-scores de insolvência de 140 companhias abertas que aderiram ao Programa Especial de Regularização Tributária (PERT) com uma amostra similar de companhias que não fizeram a adesão. Para controlar o efeito de outros fatores utilizou-se o setor de atuação, estado em recuperação judicial e o tamanho das companhias. Para a análise da amostra foram utilizados testes de médias e regressão quantílica nos Z-scores do modelo de Altman (2016).Resultados: Os testes de médias não foram conclusivos para a análise da efetividade da adesão aos parcelamentos fiscais no nível de insolvência das companhias. Contudo, através do modelo regressivo encontrou-se melhorias dos Z-scores de insolvência das companhias que aderiram ao programa PERT, se diferenciando das demais companhias que não aderiram, dependendo do setor.Contribuição: Os achados indicam a falta de efetividade dos programas em “salvar” as organizações em dificuldades financeiras. Esses resultados contribuem para chamar a atenção para a necessidade de rever os critérios de adesão aos programas de refinanciamento tributários levando em consideração as necessidades financeiras das companhias. Caso contrário tais mecanismos servem apenas para favorecer os grupos que capturam os governantes, perdendo a efetividade dos programas como auxílio para empresas em dificuldades financeiras.
Letramento digital e práticas docentes
Authors: Araújo dos Santos Nádson , Petrus dos Santos Wilton , Cavalcanti dos Santos Adriana
Published: June 2021

O ensino de Língua Portuguesa no cenário de aulas remotas, em virtude da Pandemia da Covid-19, tem implicado em “arranjos” nos fazeres docentes, desde o como ensinar ao como avaliar as aprendizagens dos alunos. Esses “arranjos”, entre saberes e fazeres, deram ênfase de forma particular aos usos das Tecnologias Digitais no contexto educacional. Este trabalho trata-se de uma investigação qualitativa do tipo exploratório, que definiu por objetivo investigar as perspectivas de professores sobre as implicações do letramento digital dos alunos e o redirecionamento de suas práticas pedagógicas. Para isso, dialogamos com Fabrício (2006), Rojo e Moura (2019), Coscarelli e Ribeiro (2017), Prensky (2010), entre outros. Os resultados indicam, por um lado, que fazer uso das tecnologias emergentes não é suficiente para garantir as aprendizagens dos alunos. Por outro, as práticas de leitura, escrita e análise linguística, por meio das quais são lidos e produzidos textos multimodais, são condição sine qua non para a proposição de aulas que considerem a multimodalidade e os gêneros digitais.
Benefícios do uso de metodologias ativas durante o ensino remoto emergencial no ensino superior em Londrina
Authors: PIRES ERTHAL RAFAELA , CRISTINA NOGUEIRA ROSSINI TAYZA
Published: June 2021

O ano de 2020 foi marcado na história pela epidemia causada pela COVID-19, a qual exigiu um distanciamento social inclusive nos ambientes escolares e acadêmicos. O cenário pandêmico exigiu das Instituições de Ensino Superior com aulas presenciais a migração para o Ensino Remoto Emergencial. Buscando delinear a qualidade desse ensino, o objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar o posicionamento dos alunos frente a essa migração e tecnologias aplicadas nesse novo modelo. Para isso, foi realizada uma pesquisa de campo inicial envolvendo 86 estudantes de Ensino Superior de Londrina com alunos migraram ou não do Ensino Presencial para o Ensino Remoto durante a pandemia de 2020. Os dados foram coletados através de questionário do Google Forms contendo perguntas fechadas/aberta referente à experiência pessoal ou perspectiva de migração para esses métodos de ensino. Foi observado que alunos que vivenciaram essa experiência identificam efeitos positivos especialmente através do uso de metolodogias ativas e tecnologias no ensino remoto, em contraste com aqueles que não migraram e apresentam maior resistência a essa metodologia, mesmo sem vivenciá-las. Conclui-se que o ensino remoto emergencial pode migrar para um ensino remoto intencional, cujas boas práticas pedagógicas podem ser melhor discutidas e aplicadas em sala de aula.
Avaliação no Ensino Religioso
Authors: Crepaldi-Souza Jacqueline
Published: June 2021

Este artigo tem como objetivo geral descrever uma metodologia avaliativa para o Ensino Religioso. Com metodologia bibliográfica e qualitativa, apresenta critérios essenciais para a avaliação no Ensino Religioso. Afirma que a avaliação no Ensino Religioso escolar deve se dirigir a todo o processo de ensino-aprendizagem, situando três variáveis fundamentais desse processo: as atividades que os professores promovem, as experiências que os educandos realizam e os conteúdos de aprendizagem. Essas variáveis desembocam no objetivo da aprendizagem que consiste na aquisição e no domínio de competências. No Ensino Religioso esse domínio nem sempre pode ser reconhecido por meio de atividades de expressão escrita, por isso tem critérios específicos. Conclui-se que as atividades de avaliação das competências do educando no Ensino Religioso superam a capacidade de realizar ações pontuais ou responder a questões reais, mas também analisam a competência para agir diante de realidades, integrar conhecimentos, habilidades ou atitudes que possibilitem sua utilização em outros contextos.
Psicomotricidade na Educação Infantil: os desafios do ensino remoto emergencial na percepção dos pais e do professor de Educacão Física
Authors: Lordani Silvia Fernanda de Souza , Blanco Marília Bazan , Coelho Neto João
Published: June 2021

Em decorrência da pandemia do COVID-19, a população precisou aderir ao distanciamento social como medida preventiva, provocando a necessidade de suspender as aulas presenciais no Brasil, sendo estas substituídas pelo “ensino remoto emergencial” (ERE). O presente artigo tem por objetivo analisar a percepção de uma professora de educação física e de pais de alunos da Educação Infantil quanto ao ensino remoto nas aulas de Educação Física, sob a perspectiva da psicomotricidade. A metodologia classifica-se como descritiva, de caráter qualitativo, desenvolvida nos meses de abril a agosto de 2020 em uma instituição de Educação Infantil situada ao norte do estado do Paraná. Como resultados, o estudo sinalizou fragilidades no contexto de ensino na Educação Infantil, uma vez que o ERE não consegue atingir a todos, ficando lacunas na formação e no desenvolvimento da criança, principalmente nos estímulos dos elementos psicomotores, primordiais para esta faixa etária de 0 a 5 anos.