bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bayesian Exploration of 4-Component Rayleigh Mixture Model with Wind Speed Data Application
Authors: Jahangir Arifa , Farzana Noor  , Siddiqa Maryam , Zaman Mehwish , Asghar Rabia
Published: February 2022

This article focuses on the application of wind speed data of 4 coastal areas of Baluchistan, that is, Gawadar, Jiwani, Ormara, and Pasni on 4-Component Rayleigh Mixture Model (4-CRMM) under Bayesian context. Type I right censoring scheme is used because it is popular in reliability theory and survival analysis. To accomplish the objective, the Bayes estimates (BEs) of the parameter of the mixture model along with their posterior risks (PRs) using informative prior (IP) and noninformative prior (NIP) are obtained. Hyperparameters are obtained by employing the prior predictive method. BEs are calculated under two distinct loss functions, squared error loss function (SELF) and modified squared error loss function (MSELF). The statistical properties and performance of the BEs under said loss functions are also evaluated by simulation study for different sample sizes.
Travel Behavior Changes after COVID-19 Outbreak in Taiwan
Authors: Jou Rong-Chang , Yeh Chen-Siang , Chen Ke-Hong
Published: February 2022

Although the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has been under control in Taiwan, the accumulated number of confirmed patients has reached up to 14,853, where 661 cases were fatal with a fatality rate of 4.45% (since the virus outbreak until July 1, 2021). Globally, the toll of confirmed cases has reached 182,641,391 people, where 3,955,679 cases were fatal with a fatality rate of 2.17% (from the virus outbreak until July 1, 2021). Considering the disease has not been under control yet and IT still significantly influences people’s daily travel behavior worldwide, it is urgent to investigate as to what extent it changes people’s travel habits. Therefore, we conducted a survey from April 24 to May 2, 2020, to obtain data on Taiwanese people’s travel behavior before and after the outbreak of COVID-19. Two models, logistic regression and ordered logit models, were used. As for the models’ performance, the estimated thresholds of the ordered logit model are significantly positive, and its coefficient is smaller than that of the logistic model, indicating that the estimated coefficients would be overestimated if the dependent variable is dichotomous. Hence, this study suggests that the influence of COVID-19 on travel behaviors in Taiwan can be explained by the ordered logit models. Several important conclusions are described as follows. First, people might significantly reduce travel activities related to social entertainment during the pandemic outbreak. Second, the total travel activities by private vehicles are significantly reduced, while there is no significant decrease in the use of transit. Finally, the important explanatory variables included the importance of the time to promote government policies (such as implementing the real-name registration system for mask purchases, publishing confirmed cases, and establishing the transit disinfection system), types and number of weekly activities, and storage of various types of consumer goods. The results of our study can serve as an important reference for accommodating similar scales of pandemics occurring in the future.
Machine Learning Framework for Intelligent Detection of Wastewater Pollution by IoT-Based Spectral Technology
Authors: Li Jianhong , Cai Ken , Chen Huazhou , Xu Lili , Lin Qinyong , Xu Feng
Published: February 2022

Industrial wastewater contains excessive micro insoluble solids (MIS) that probably cause environmental pollutions. Near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy is an advanced technology for rapid detection of the complex targets in wastewater. An Internet of Things (IoT) platform would support intelligent application of the NIR technologies. The studies of intelligent chemometric methods mainly contribute to improve the NIR calibration model based on the IoT platform. With the development of artificial intelligence, the backward interval and synergy interval techniques were proposed in combination use with the least square support vector machine (LSSVM) method, for adaptive selection of the informative spectral wavelength variables. The radial basis function (RBF) kernel is applied for nonlinear mapping. The regulation parameter and the kernel width are fused together for smart optimization. In the design for waveband autofittings, the total of digital wavelengths in the full scanning range was split into 43 equivalent subintervals, and then, the back interval LSSVM (biLSSVM) and the synergy interval LSSVM (siLSSVM) models were both established for the improvement of prediction results based on the adaptive selection of quasidiscrete variable combination. In comparison with some common linear and nonlinear models, the best training model was acquired with the siLSSVM method while the best testing model was obtained with biLSSVM. The intelligent optimization of model parameters indicated that the proposed biLSSVM and siLSSVM deep learning methodologies are feasible to improve the model prediction results in rapid determination of the wastewater MIS content by the IoT-based NIR technology. The machine learning framework is prospectively applied to the fast assessment of the environmental risk of industrial pollutions and water safety.
Computation Offloading Strategy for IoT Using Improved Particle Swarm Algorithm in Edge Computing
Authors: Li Aichuan , Li Lin , Yi Shujuan
Published: February 2022

To address the problems of high energy consumption and time delay of the offloading strategies in traditional edge computing, a computation offloading strategy for the Internet of Things (IoT) using the improved Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) in edge computing is proposed. First, a system model and an optimization objective function are constructed based on the communication model for the uplink transmission and the multiuser personalized computation task load model while considering constraints from multiple aspects. Then, the PSO is used to update the position of particles by encoding them and calculating the fitness values to find the optimal solution of the task offloading strategies, which greatly reduces the energy consumption during the task allocation process in the system. Finally, the simulations are conducted to compare the proposed method with two other algorithms in terms of the average time delay and energy consumption under different numbers of user mobile devices and data transmission rates. The simulation results showed that the average time delay and energy consumption of the proposed method are the smallest in different cases. And, the average delay and energy consumption are 0.205 s and 0.2 J, respectively, when the number of users’ mobile devices is 80, which are better than the other two comparison algorithms. Therefore, the proposed method can reduce the task execution delay with less energy consumption.
Electrochemical Experiment to Evaluate the Impact of Multistage Load and Osmotic Pressure on Anchor Bolt
Authors: Sun Guanglin , Hu Jiangchun , Wang Hongfang , Li Dewei
Published: February 2022

In this paper, uniaxial compression tests, multistage loading tests, and electrochemical tests were adopted to investigate the strain characteristics, failure characteristics, and electrochemical impedance of anchor bolts in a cement-gypsum composite. The uniaxial compression test results showed that the uniaxial compressive strength

σ

c

of the three specimens were 4.4 MPa, 4.0 MPa, and 3.1 MPa, respectively, under three different osmotic pressures. The analysis of the multistage loading tests revealed that the directions of most cracks were approximately consistent with the load-bearing direction. Moreover, the existence of osmotic pressure increased the creep deformation capacity of the specimen; the greater the osmotic pressure, the stronger the deformation capacity of the specimen. The curvature relationship of the total strain curve of the three specimens was KS12 > KS22 > KS32, and the total strain curve of S32 was close to a straight line. When comparing the creep strain variation characteristics of the three specimens, it was found that, with the increase of osmotic pressure, the proportion of creep strain within the total strain gradually increased, while the proportion of corresponding elastic strain gradually decreased. Compared with the specimen before failure, the electrochemical test in the failure stage proved the variability of the Bode curves and Nyquist curves. When the osmotic pressure was 0.15 Mpa, the Bode diagram of specimen S32 in the low frequency band showed a large jump, which was stable after entering the high frequency band.
A Lipid Metabolism-Based Seven-Gene Signature Correlates with the Clinical Outcome of Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Li Tianqi , Chen Jiquan , Liu Jun , Chen Qingjie , Nie Wei , Xu Mi-Die
Published: February 2022

Background. Herein, we tried to develop a prognostic prediction model for patients with LUAD based on the expression profiles of lipid metabolism-related genes (LMRGs). Methods. Molecular subtypes were identified by non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) clustering. The overall survival (OS) predictive gene signature was developed and validated internally and externally based on online data sets. Time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, Kaplan–Meier curve, nomogram, restricted mean survival time (EMST), and decision curve analysis (DCA) were used to assess the performance of the gene signature. Results. We identified three molecular subtypes in LUAD with distinct characteristics on immune cells infiltration and clinical outcomes. Moreover, we confirmed a seven-gene signature as an independent prognostic factor for patients with LUAD. Calibration and DCA analysis plots indicated the excellent predictive performance of the prognostic nomogram constructed based on the gene signature. In addition, the nomogram showed higher robustness and clinical usability compared with four previously reported prognostic gene signatures. Conclusions. Findings in the present study shed new light on the characteristics of lipid metabolism within LUAD, and the established seven-gene signature can be utilized as a new prognostic marker for predicting survival in patients with LUAD.
The Ecto‐5 ′nucleotidase/CD73 Mediates Leishmania amazonensis Survival in Macrophages
Authors: Bajracharya Bijay , Shrestha Deena , Talvani André , Gonçalves Ricardo , Afonso Luís Carlos Crocco
Published: February 2022

Endogenous nucleotides produced by various group of cells under inflammatory conditions act as potential danger signals in vivo. Extracellularly released nucleotides such as ATP are rapidly hydrolyzed to adenosine by the coordinated ectonucleotidase activities of CD39 and CD73. Leishmania is an obligate intracellular parasite of macrophages and capable of modulating host immune response in order to survive and multiply within host cells. In this study, the activity of CD73 induced by Leishmania amazonensis in infected macrophages has been investigated and correlated with parasite survival and infection in vitro. For this, the expression of CD39 and CD73, by flow cytometry, in murine peritoneal macrophages infected with metacyclic promastigotes of L. amazonensis has been analyzed. Our results showed that L. amazonensis-infected macrophages, unlike LPS‐treated macrophages, increased CD73 expression. It was also noted that when CD73 enzymatic activity was blocked by α, β‐methyleneadenosine 5 ′‐diphosphate sodium salt (APCP), macrophage parasitism was significantly decreased. Interestingly, these effects were not associated with the production of TNF‐α, IL‐10, or nitric oxide (NO). Together, these data demonstrate that L. amazonensis induces a regulatory phenotype in macrophages, which by activating the CD39/CD73 pathway allows parasite survival through the action of immunomodulatory adenosine receptors.
Phase 1b Clinical Trial with Alpelisib plus Olaparib for Patients with Advanced Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Batalini Felipe , Xiong Niya , Tayob Nabihah , Polak Madeline , Eismann Julia , Cantley Lewis C. , Shapiro Geoffrey I. , Adalsteinsson Viktor , Winer Eric P. , Konstantinopoulos Panagiotis A. , D'Andrea Alan , Swisher Elizabeth M. , Matulonis Ursula A. , Wulf Gerburg M. , Mayer Erica L.
Published: February 2022

Purpose:

We had previously reported on the safety and the recommended phase 2 dose (RP2D) of olaparib in combination with the PI3Kα-specific inhibitor alpelisib in patients with high-grade serous ovarian cancer as studied in a phase 1b trial (NCT01623349). Here, we report on the breast cancer cohort from that study.

Patients and Methods:

Eligible patients had recurrent triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) or recurrent breast cancer of any subtype with a germline BRCA mutation and were enrolled to a dose-escalation or -expansion cohort. After definition of the RP2D, secondary end points included safety and objective response rate (ORR). Exploratory analyses were performed using circulating-free DNA (cfDNA).

Results:

Seventeen patients with TNBC were enrolled with a median of three prior lines of chemotherapy. The most common treatment-related grade 3–4 adverse events were hyperglycemia (18%) and rash (12%). The ORR was 18% (23% for patients treated at the RP2D) and 59% had disease control. The median duration of response was 7.4 months. Analysis of cfDNA tumor fractions (TFx) revealed that patients with TFx < 15% after completion of the first cycle had a longer progression-free survival compared with those with TFx ≥ 15% (6.0 vs. 0.9 months; P = 0.0001).

Conclusions:

Alpelisib in combination with olaparib is tolerable in patients with pre-treated TNBC, with evidence of activity in non-BRCA carriers. cfDNA provided important prognostic information. Results highlight potential synergistic use of a PI3K inhibitor to sensitize HR-proficient (BRCA wild-type) TNBC to PARP inhibition and suggest the potential to expand the use of PARP inhibition beyond BRCA-mutant tumors.
PET-Based Radiogenomics Supports mTOR Pathway Targeting for Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: An Jihyun , Oh Minyoung , Kim Seog-Young , Oh Yoo-Jin , Oh Bora , Oh Ji-Hye , Kim Wonkyung , Jung Jin Hwa , Kim Ha Il , Kim Jae-Seung , Sung Chang Ohk , Shim Ju Hyun
Published: February 2022

Purpose:

This work aimed to explore in depth the genomic and molecular underpinnings of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with increased 2[18F]fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose (FDG) uptake in PET and to identify therapeutic targets based on this imaging-genomic surrogate.

Experimental Design:

We used RNA sequencing and whole-exome sequencing data obtained from 117 patients with HCC who underwent hepatic resection with preoperative FDG-PET/CT imaging as a discovery cohort. The primary radiogenomic results were validated with transcriptomes from a second cohort of 81 patients with more advanced tumors. All patients were allocated to an FDG-avid or FDG–non-avid group according to the PET findings. We also screened potential drug candidates targeting FDG-avid HCCs in vitro and in vivo.

Results:

High FDG avidity conferred worse recurrence-free survival after HCC resection. Whole transcriptome analysis revealed upregulation of mTOR pathway signals in the FDG-avid tumors, together with higher abundance of associated mutations. These clinical and genomic findings were replicated in the validation set. A molecular signature of FDG-avid HCCs identified in the discovery set consistently predicted poor prognoses in the public-access datasets of two cohorts. Treatment with an mTOR inhibitor resulted in decreased FDG uptake followed by effective tumor control in both the hyperglycolytic HCC cell lines and xenograft mouse models.

Conclusions:

Our PET-based radiogenomic analysis indicates that mTOR pathway genes are markedly activated and altered in HCCs with high FDG retention. This nuclear imaging biomarker may stimulate umbrella trials and tailored treatments in precision care of patients with HCC.
PhAc-ALGP-Dox, a Novel Anticancer Prodrug with Targeted Activation and Improved Therapeutic Index
Authors: Casazza Andrea , Van Helleputte Lawrence , Van Renterghem Britt , Pokreisz Peter , De Geest Natalie , De Petrini Marzia , Janssens Tom , Pellens Marijke , Diricx Marjan , Riera-Domingo Carla , Wozniak Agnieszka , Mazzone Massimiliano , Schöffski Patrick , Defert Olivier , Reyns Geert , Kindt Nele
Published: February 2022

Clinical use of doxorubicin (Dox) is limited by cumulative myelo- and cardiotoxicity. This research focuses on the detailed characterization of PhAc-ALGP-Dox, a targeted tetrapeptide prodrug with a unique dual-step activation mechanism, designed to circumvent Dox-related toxicities and is ready for upcoming clinical investigation. Coupling Dox to a phosphonoacetyl (PhAc)-capped tetrapeptide forms the cell-impermeable, inactive compound, PhAc-ALGP-Dox. After extracellular cleavage by tumor-enriched thimet oligopeptidase-1 (THOP1), a cell-permeable but still biologically inactive dipeptide-conjugate is formed (GP-Dox), which is further processed intracellularly to Dox by fibroblast activation protein-alpha (FAPα) and/or dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4). In vitro, PhAc-ALGP-Dox is effective in various 2D- and 3D-cancer models, while showing improved safety toward normal epithelium, hematopoietic progenitors, and cardiomyocytes. In vivo, these results translate into a 10-fold higher tolerability and 5-fold greater retention of Dox in the tumor microenvironment compared with the parental drug. PhAc-ALGP-Dox demonstrates 63% to 96% tumor growth inhibition in preclinical models, an 8-fold improvement in efficacy in patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models, and reduced metastatic burden in a murine model of experimental lung metastasis, improving survival by 30%. The current findings highlight the potential clinical benefit of PhAc-ALGP-Dox, a targeted drug-conjugate with broad applicability, favorable tissue biodistribution, significantly improved tolerability, and tumor growth inhibition at primary and metastatic sites in numerous solid tumor models.
MYC Promotes Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Resistance in ROS1-Fusion-Positive Lung Cancer
Authors: Iyer Sudarshan R. , Odintsov Igor , Schoenfeld Adam J. , Siau Evan , Mattar Marissa S. , de Stanchina Elisa , Khodos Inna , Drilon Alexander , Riely Gregory J. , Ladanyi Marc , Somwar Romel , Davare Monika A.
Published: February 2022

Targeted therapy of ROS1-fusion-driven non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has achieved notable clinical success. Despite this, resistance to therapy inevitably poses a significant challenge. MYC amplification was present in ∼19% of lorlatinib-resistant ROS1-driven NSCLC. We hypothesized that MYC overexpression drives ROS1-TKI resistance. Using complementary approaches in multiple models, including a MYC-amplified patient-derived cell line and xenograft (LUAD-0006), we established that MYC overexpression induces broad ROS1-TKI resistance. Pharmacologic inhibition of ROS1 combined with MYC knockdown were essential to completely suppress LUAD-0006 cell proliferation compared with either treatment alone. We interrogated cellular signaling in ROS1-TKI-resistant LUAD-0006 and discovered significant differential regulation of targets associated with cell cycle, apoptosis, and mitochondrial function. Combinatorial treatment of mitochondrial inhibitors with crizotinib revealed inhibitory synergism, suggesting increased reliance on glutamine metabolism and fatty-acid synthesis in chronic ROS1-TKI treated LUAD-0006 cells. In vitro experiments further revealed that CDK4/6 and BET bromodomain inhibitors effectively mitigate ROS1-TKI resistance in MYC-overexpressing cells. Notably, in vivo studies demonstrate that tumor control may be regained by combining ROS1-TKI and CDK4/6 inhibition. Our results contribute to the broader understanding of ROS1-TKI resistance in NSCLC.

Implications:

This study functionally characterizes MYC overexpression as a novel form of therapeutic resistance to ROS1 tyrosine kinase inhibitors in non–small cell lung cancer and proposes rational combination treatment strategies.
Methylated Septin9 (mSEPT9): A Promising Blood-Based Biomarker for the Detection and Screening of Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Loomans-Kropp Holli A. , Song Yurong , Gala Manish , Parikh Aparna R. , Van Seventer Emily E. , Alvarez Rocio , Hitchins Megan P. , Shoemaker Robert H. , Umar Asad
Published: February 2022

Early-onset colorectal cancer (EOCRC), defined as a diagnosis under age 50, is an emerging public health burden. As many of these individuals fall outside of screening guidelines, the development of a minimally invasive, accurate screening modality for this population is warranted. We evaluated the FDA-approved blood-based biomarker methylated Septin9 (mSEPT9) test as screening tool for EOCRC. EOCRC plasma, healthy plasma, and serum-free conditioned media from cancer cell lines were collected. Cell-free DNA (cfDNA) was isolated and bisulfite converted for use in the assay. mSEPT9 and ACTB measured using Epi proColon V2.0. EOCRC plasma was collected at Massachusetts General Hospital (2005–2019) and controls were collected at the NIH and by ZenBio Inc. (prior to 2019). Twenty-seven EOCRC cases, 48 healthy controls <50 years old, and 39 healthy controls ≥50 years old were included in this study. mSEPT9 was detected more frequently in EOCRC cases (88.9%) compared with healthy controls age <50 (4.2%) and ≥50 (15.4%), respectively (P < 0.001). The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive values of the mSEPT9 assay to detect EOCRC was 90.8% (95% CI, 84.7%–96.9%), 88.9% (95% CI, 77.0%–100.0%), 96.3% (95% CI, 92.3%–100.0%), and 75.0% (95% CI, 60.0%–90.0%), respectively, compared with all healthy controls. mSEPT9 cfDNA level was an independent predictor of survival (P = 0.02). mSEPT9 is a sensitive and specific biomarker for EOCRC detection. These results suggest that mSEPT9 may be useful in the detection of EOCRC, providing a minimally invasive method for screening in this growing population of patients with colorectal cancer.

Significance:

mSEPT9 may be a novel biomarker for the detection of early-onset colorectal cancer, as it demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity in our study.
Temporal Trends in the Incidence and Characteristics of Sudden Cardiac Death among Subjects under 40 Years of Age in Northern Finland during 1998–2017
Authors: Vähätalo Juha , Holmström Lauri , Pakanen Lasse , Kaikkonen Kari , Perkiömäki Juha , Huikuri Heikki , Junttila Juhani
Published: February 2022

Background: Although the mean age of sudden cardiac death (SCD) victims has increased during recent decades, overall incidence has remained relatively stable. Small but very important proportion of SCDs occur in subjects under 40 years of age and temporal trends in the incidence and characteristics of SCD in this age-group are not well known. Methods: The Fingesture study has prospectively gathered data from 5,869 consecutive autopsy verified SCD victims in Northern Finland during 1998–2017. On the basis of Finnish law, all who die unexpectedly undergo autopsy. Results: Out of total 5,869 SCDs, 160 occurred in subjects under 40 years of age (3%) indicating a total incidence of 2.9/100,000/year. Incidence decreased during the study period: 4.0/100,000/year (n = 50) in 1998–2002, 3.7/100,000/year (n = 45) in 2003–2007, 2.5/100,000/year (n = 36) in 2008–2012, and 1.5/100,000/year (n = 29) in 2013–2017. Coronary artery disease (CAD) was the cause of death in 46 SCD victims (29%). Among nonischemic causes, most common were obesity-related hypertrophic myocardial disease (24%), primary myocardial fibrosis (19%), and hypertensive myocardial disease (6%). The incidence of SCD caused by CAD decreased as follows: 1.5/100,000/year in 1998–2002, 1.2/100,000/year in 2003–2007, 0.6/100,000/year in 2008–2012, and 0.2/100,000/year in 2013–2017. Proportion of male gender (81%) and obesity as a comorbidity (body mass index >30 kg/m2, 40%) remained relatively stable during the period (p = 0.58 and p = 0.79, respectively). Conclusions: The incidence of SCD in subjects under 40 years of age has decreased in Northern Finland during 1998–2017. According to autopsy data, most of the deaths are due to nonischemic myocardial diseases and relative proportion of CAD has decreased.
Symptoms of post-traumatic stress among victims of school bullying
Authors: Kurniawan Luky , Sutanti Natri , Nuryana Zalik
Published: February 2022

School bullying is a critical issue among students that can promote some mental health issues. Some studies had found that severe or frequent bullying can lead to the development of post-traumatic stress symptoms such as avoidance behaviours and anxious feelings. However, school bullying is difficult to observe due to the complexity factors such as cultural background, peer pressure and academic problems. The study aimed to investigate the symptoms of post-traumatic stress among victims of school bullying. The study employed a descriptive qualitative research design. The data was collected by using a questionnaire to 42 students from two vocational high schools in Yogyakarta who had severe or frequent experience of school bullying. The results revealed that 40 per cent of participants showed one or more symptoms of post-traumatic stress such as feeling persistently avoiding to the perpetrators and feeling extremely anxious about the potential being bullied again. Meanwhile, 60 per cent participants experienced some other difficult emotions such as anger, revenge, disappointment, and sadness. The results also showed that the two biggest changes experienced by students after bullying were becoming more silent and being frequently anxious compared to before being bullied. The study suggests the need for further research to investigate the level of post-traumatic stress experienced by the students and the urge for anti-bullying curriculum in both schools to prevent the serious consequences of bullying.
Dengue hemorrhagic fever vulnerability assessment in Gorontalo Regency using analytic hierarchy process and geoinformation techniques
Authors: Pakaya Ririn , Hano Yanti Hz. , Olii Muhammad Ramdhan
Published: February 2022

One method of reducing the spread of dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) is to provide a map of DHF-prone locations based on spatial analysis. The major way to prevent the spread of DHF is to manage and control its vector by focussing on specific regions of localisation and removing appropriate breeding circumstances. Spatial analysis can detect DHF clusters that are larger than expected based on the underlying data. This research aimed to identify and map DHF vulnerability zones based on many parameters within the scope of the analytical hierarchy and geographical information systems (GIS). We found that the consistency ratio of 0.079 for analytic hierarchy process (AHP) factor weights was judged to be satisfactory. The population density, distance to the road, and distance to health facilities were shown to be the most relevant factors in determining DHF vulnerability. Gorontalo Regency is dominated by low vulnerability classes with an area of 139,493.5 ha or 65.08% of the total area. The GIS-AHP process could be used to assess transmissible DHF vulnerability zonation, which would aid in improving surveillance strategies for DHF and other vector-borne diseases in order to encourage prevention and control actions.
Supporting mental health during the pandemic: the elements of mattering in expressive writing
Authors: Khor Jia Yi , Raja Kumar Shakti Velan , Cai Wen Yu , Wong Chen Sung , Prihadi Kususanto Ditto
Published: February 2022

Previous studies indicated that the sense of mattering played signifant protective role for mental health amidst the pandemic. This current study aims to explore whether elements of mattering in people’s mind are expressed through expressive writing during the hardships such as pandemic situation. Ten young adults who were not diagnosed with any mental health issue were recruited in to take part in an online experiment over a period of four weeks, where they were instructed to expressively write their weekly positive experiences. Thematic analysis suggested that the content of their writings were consistent to the constructs of interpersonal mattering, such as attention, importance and ego extension, as well as the absence of individuality and noted absence. These findings indicated that elements of mattering were embedded in the positive thoughts of our participants, and were expressed through their writings. Further studies are suggested in order to inestigate the effectiveness of expressive writing to improve the sense of mattering to prevent mental health issues during the pandemic.
Water quality and antimicrobial resistant profile of Escherichia coli isolated from dug wells used for domestic purposes
Authors: Babatunde Odetoyin , Mercy Fagbewesa , Adebola Onanuga
Published: February 2022

The rapid spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a significant threat to public safety. The use of water containing resistant bacteria could increase the risk of spreading AMR. This study assessed the quality of 143 dug wells used for domestic purposes in some communities in Nigeria and determined the resistance profile of isolated Escherichia coli (E. coli). The MicrobactTM identification kit was used to identify the isolates, and the susceptibility profile was evaluated using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. The combination disc technique was used to test all isolates for extended spectrum beta lactamase (ESBL) production. Polymerase chain reaction was used to identify ESBL genes, Integrons, and plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes. A total of 110 (76.9%) wells were contaminated by coliform bacteria. Of these, 94 (84.45%) wells yielded 202 E. coli strains. The isolates were commonly resistant to ampicillin (60.9%) but were all susceptible to meropenem. Seventy-seven (38.1%) isolates were multi-drug resistant. Two isolates harbored blaCTX-M and blaTEM separately while four (19%) ciprofloxacin-resistant isolates carried the oqxAB/aac-lb-cr gene. All isolates with resistance genes harbored class 1 and/2 Integrons. Most wells had coliform counts far above the World Health Organization’s recommended limit, indicating that they are unsafe to drink. The presence of multidrug-resistant isolates in well water poses a serious risk to consumers since it might lead to outbreaks of untreatable water-borne diseases.
The Iron Age Cyclades and Crete: Different Approaches to Connectivity Speculatively Related to Food Security
Authors: Forsyth Doug
Published: February 2022

This paper offers a case study of some of the Cycladic Islands examining connectivity and insularity between 1000 – 500 BCE. In the Cyclades, evidence of interaction with areas outside of the archipelago and of intra-island connectivity is observable on many of the islands. It will be argued that environmental factors, predominantly low rainfall, may be at least part of the explanation for the adoption of a strategy of reaching out beyond an island’s shores. Cycladic islanders plausibly sought to develop strong networks of affiliation with trading partners from other regions perhaps to serve as buffer zones to rely on during periods of poor food productivity. Compared to Cycladic material, the archaeological evidence of Cretan items found outside Crete is not as robust.  This paper speculatively suggests that Cretans, living in a more fertile environment, did not feel the same need as Cycladic islanders to establish networks of affiliation for purposes of food security.
Mare Nostrum Interview: Jonathan Pugh
Authors: Pugh Jonathan , Laky Lilian de Angelo , Angliker Erica
Published: February 2022

Interview with Prof. Jonathan Pugh.
Seria lícito se ocupar da espada, quando o senhor proclamou que quem usa a espada perecerá por ela? Tertuliano e a polêmica do serviço militar (século III)
Authors: Campos Ludimila Caliman
Published: February 2022

O presente artigo tem por objetivo analisar o pensamento do escritor norte-africano Tertuliano quanto à polêmica do serviço militar cristão. Para tanto, selecionamos duas de suas obras, a saber: De Idololatria e De Corona. A questão levantada por Tertuliano nesses tratados evidencia um cristianismo preocupado não somente com a manutenção do status quo de uma ética cristã, considerando todas as polêmicas que envolviam o serviço militar em si (sacrifícios aos deuses e ao imperador e a obrigação em se torturar e assassinar os inimigos), mas, principalmente, expoe uma necessidade urgente de diferenciação identitária com o seu culto rival, o mitraísmo, o qual arrebanhava grande parte de seus seguidores nas fileiras militares romanas.
O ESCRITOR-TRADUTOR: ENTRE TRADUÇÃO E CRIAÇÃO
Authors: Dos Santos Sheila Maria
Published: February 2022

O presente trabalho tem por objetivo apresentar uma reflexão teórica acerca do escritor-tradutor, de modo a problematizar a visão tradicional da tradução enquanto ato puramente mecânico de reprodução linguístico-textual do texto-fonte em outra língua. Desse modo, acredita-se que o escritor-tradutor, por sua condição dupla, na qual a criação é inerente à sua produção, forneça a substância necessária para se pensar a tradução enquanto ato criativo e não somente como reprodução servil. Busca-se com isso questionar certas questões polêmicas dentro dos Estudos da Tradução, tais como o conceito de equivalência, de fidelidade, além de refletir sobre a noção de autor e de obra original. Sustentando-se em autores como Foucault (1969), Wecksteen (2011), além dos aportes de escritores-tradutores como Marcel Proust e Mario Quintana sobre a tarefa do tradutor, analisar-se-á trechos retirados das traduções do primeiro e terceiro tomos da obra A la Recherche du Temps Perdu de Marcel Proust, publicadas pela Editora Globo de Porto Alegre e assinadas por Mario Quintana, a saber, No Caminho de Swann (1948) e O Caminho de Guermantes (1953).
Le Comportement Paratopique dans Tous les Matins du Monde
Authors: Nóbrega Bruna Del Valle de
Published: February 2022

À partir d'une entreprise métaphorique basée sur le regard conceptuel de la « Paratopie », définie par Maingueneau, le texte vise à analyser le comportement du personnage principal de Tous les Matins du Monde par rapport au personnage Marin Marais cherchant à identifier a quelle partie entre le « lieu et le non-lieu » est M. de Sante Colombe après la mort de sa femme.
O DESENVOLVIMENTO DA ESCRITA EM FRANCÊS: OS TIPOS DE FEEDBACK DADOS PELO PROFESSOR A PARTIR DOS GÊNEROS TEXTUAIS
Authors: De Oliveira Arthur Marra
Published: February 2022

RESUMO: Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar uma análise sobre os tipos de feedback utilizados pelo professor em produções escritas baseadas em gêneros textuais de alunos de FLE. Mais precisamente, buscamos mostrar de que maneira esse feedback é feito e classificá-lo de acordo com as capacidades de linguagem propostas por Bronckart (1999), para verificar quais capacidades ele aborda. Por fim, visamos indicar o quê esse feedback pode indicar sobre o corretor. Os feedbacks foram coletados em textos de alunos do primeiro semestre da habilitação em francês do curso de Letras da Faculdade de Filosofia, Letras e Ciências Humanas da Universidade de São Paulo. Nossa pesquisa, assim como o programa desse curso, baseiam-se nos pressupostos teóricos do Interacionismo Sociodiscursivo proposto por Bronckart (1999).
L'ENSEIGNEMENT DU FLE: DES ORIENTATIONS AU TRAVAIL ENSEIGNANT AUX POSSIBILITÉS DE RÉALISATION EN SALLE DE CLASSE
Authors: Lousada Eliane Gouvêa , Ferreira dos Santos Thiago Jorge
Published: February 2022

Présentation du Dossier.
APRESENTAÇÃO: LITERATURAS DE LÍNGUA FRANCESA EM TRADUÇÃO
Authors: Mattos Thiago , Faleiros Álvaro
Published: February 2022

Apresentação do Dossiê
CREDIBILITÉ ET POSTURE D'AUTEUR DANS LES ENTRETIENS TELÉVISÉS (CHRISTINE ANGOT, MICHEL HOUELLEBECQ, DANY LAFERRIERE)
Authors: Gaille Nicolas
Published: February 2022

Cet articcle questionne le rôle de la crédibilité dans la construction des postures d'auteurs en se penchant sur quelques entretiens littéraires auxquels ont pris part Christine Angot, Michel Houellebecq et Dany Laferrière.
LE CINEMA COMME DISPOSITIF DE REPRESENTATION DANS IL FAUT AIMER LES HOMMES DE MARIE DARRIEUSSECQ
Authors: Dédomon Claude
Published: February 2022

S’inscrivant dans le sillage des interactions nouvelles suscitées par l’époque contemporaine entre le réel et la représentation, l’article se charge de montrer que la pensée cinématographique informant et transformant le roman de Marie Darrieussecq est le fruit de l’hypotypose, une technique chargée de mettre en évidence le travail de mise en scène du réalisateur et celui des acteurs. L’expérience critique qui s’y développe repose sur la condamnation de certaines pratiques hollywoodiennes et la promotion d’une nouvelle cinéphilie engagée résolument à protéger les minorités collectives. La notion de dispositif acquiert ainsi tout son sens en ce sens que Darrieussecq parvient à faire arrimer ou coïncider organisation géométrale (ce qui est disposé devant le lecteur/spectateur) et organisation symbolique (le sens de l’image), nécessaires à l’ordonnancement de la représentation.
A Poética simbolista da joia “Fin de Siècle”
Authors: Coupeau Charline
Published: February 2022

Tradução de Bruno Anselmi Matangrano & Caroline MicaeliaJoias escritas, descritas, pintadas, poetizadas ou cinzeladas, o universo destes pequenos objetos preciosos nos desperta para um mundo de sentidos e sentimentos. Num cosmos marcado por percepções e admirações, a joia simbolista do fim do século XIX aperfeiçoa sua linguagem do mundo intermediário, o do imaginário e dos sonhos. Esse microcosmo é apreendido graças à interação de diversas disciplinas artísticas, as quais, por múltiplas correspondências criadoras, permitem à joalheria a identificação da estética fin de siècle e de sua relação com o mundo, com o tempo que passa. Assim como a literatura, a poesia ou a pintura, a joalheria do final do século XIX sabe, portanto, captar as impressões, bem como produzi-las. Graças a seu potencial simbólico, a joia mediadora lírica se inscreve numa tentativa de descentralização tendo por objetivo nos transpor numa autarquia poética.
Les Impressionnistes et Stéphane Mallarmé
Authors: Illouz Jean-Nicolas
Published: February 2022

Ami des peintres impressionnistes, Mallarmé pose sur leur art un regard d’une extrême acuité, qui tend à faire de l’impressionnisme l’indice d’une triple crise, à la fois métaphysique, esthétique, et politique : – métaphysique, parce que le traitement que l’impressionnisme fait subir à la lumière vaut comme une conversion de celle-ci à l’immanence ; – esthétique, parce que les leçons que Mallarmé retient des peintres éclairent sa propre recherche poétique, quand il travaille lui-même à changer la langue sur le motif ; – politique, enfin parce que l’impressionnisme apparaît comme l’art des temps démocratiques, en ceci que sa « valeur » réside dans le jugement purement « spéculatif » de la foule, qu’il s’agit d’éveiller à une conscience toujours plus haute de son propre génie symbolique.MOTS-CLÉS : Mallarmé ; peinture impressionniste ; impressionnisme littéraire ; poésie et peinture ; Edouard Manet ; Berthe Morisot
Estupro em campo: reflexões de uma* sobrevivente
Authors: Moreno Eva
Published: February 2022

tradução do artigo "Rape in the field: reflections from a survivor"
Campo, gênero e academia: notas sobre a experiência de cinco mulheres brasileiras na Bolívia
Authors: Freitas Caroline Cotta de Mello , Pannain Rafaela N. , Gimenez Heloisa M. , Iamamoto Sue , Ikemura Amaral Aiko
Published: February 2022

Neste artigo, apresentamos um debate sobre a relação entre gênero e trabalho de campo, formulado a partir de nossas experiências na Bolívia e buscando consolidar uma crítica ao machismo na academia. Com trajetórias disciplinares distintas (antropologia, ciência política, relações internacionais e sociologia), apresentamos relatos sobre como ser mulher marcou diversos momentos da nossa pesquisa, desde escolhas de lugares nos quais trabalhar e nossos acompanhantes durante o campo a que fontes iríamos consultar. O ponto central deste trabalho é o entendimento de que a suposta “neutralidade acadêmica” vigente, que tem o masculino como norma, ignora o assédio e a violência sexual como problemas do campo e da produção acadêmica como um todo, isolando-os como problemas da mulher. Pretendemos, assim, contribuir com o desenvolvimento de um léxico comum que permita a outras mulheres pesquisadoras abordar suas problemáticas em campo sem se sentirem menos capazes ou marcadas por sentimentos de culpa e vergonha.
Entre israelita y antropóloga: Desafíos en la investigación antropológica con grupos religiosos
Authors: Meneses Lucumi Lucía Eufemia
Published: February 2022

Uno de los campos de trabajo etnográfico en que los antropólogos deben enfrentar mayores dilemas personales es en el trabajo con grupos religiosos. Para el caso de la Asociación Evangélica de la Misión Israelita del Nuevo Pacto Universal, con quienes he trabajado hace más de 10 años, los principales desafíos han sido tres: uno, la superación del tema de la conversión; dos, los temas de sexo y género, y tres, los dilemas éticos y el cumplimiento de las normas éticas y religiosas del grupo. Cada uno de estos temas constituye un ítem de este texto, el cual está escrito en primera persona. La información usada son mis propios diarios de campo en los que recolecté información para la tesis de maestría (2009) y doctorado (2017) en Antropología en la Universidad de los Andes, en Bogotá, Colombia.
POTTS, Annie; ARMSTRONG, Philip; BROWN, Deirdre. A New Zealand book of beasts
Authors: Vander Velden Felipe F.
Published: February 2022

Trata-se da resenha do livro: POTTS, Annie; ARMSTRONG, Philip; BROWN, Deirdre. A New Zealand book of beasts: animals in our culture, history and everyday life. Auckland: Auckland University Press, 2013, 288p., uma exploração da antropologia e da história cultural das relações entre humanos e animais na Nova Zelândia.
‘’Por esse amor não peço nada em troca’’.
Authors: Ximenes Matheus Braga
Published: February 2022

Esse artigo pretende analisar as ações da Torcida Uniformizada do Fortaleza (TUF), que tem como um dos objetivos não só incentivar o time do Fortaleza Esporte Clube nas arquibancadas, como também na reforma e ampliação do patrimônio físico do clube, por meio de campanhas de arrecadação de dinheiro e material de construção. A análise se dá considerando o futebol como um campo, nos termos usados por Pierre Bourdieu, um espaço marcado pela disputa de um capital simbólico próprio e formas de consagração específicas. Partindo das falas dos torcedores através de entrevistas, assim como da observação das reuniões realizadas na Sede da torcida, observou-se que, o grupo tem conquistado prestígio, sendo considerado pelos torcedores um modelo de Torcida Organizada a ser seguido. Esse crescimento do valor da associação, nesse espaço social onde a dádiva, o dar sem esperar algo em troca, o sacrifício em nome de algo maior (o clube) e a supressão dos interesses individuais são considerados valores supremos, tem sido conquistado a partir de dois modos de manifestação pública de desinteresse: primeiro, por algum ganho financeiro, explicitada pela constante divulgação nos meios de comunicação das prestações de conta do que é arrecadado junto aos torcedores, e finalmente pela renúncia da busca de consagração, ou seja, pela própria forma específica de capital simbólico aí em jogo.
Marcadores sociais da diferença e sentimentos no universo LGBT maputense
Authors: Mugabe Nelson Andre
Published: February 2022

Este artigo analisa marcadores sociais da diferença produtores de hierarquias, desigualdades e discriminações entre pessoas LGBT na cidade de Maputo. A análise das intersecções de gênero, classe social, idade e sexualidade demonstra que os sujeitos LGBT em certos contextos de sociabilidades constroem hierarquias e formas de discriminação entre si, que por sua vez geram sentimentos tais como a humilhação, a vergonha e o desprezo. A pesquisa é de carácter etnográfico e baseou-se nos métodos e técnicas tradicionais da antropologia: observação participante e conversas informais com sujeitos LGBT.
A colonização digital do isolamento
Authors: Segata Jean
Published: February 2022

Neste breve trabalho, eu procuro mostrar como a situação de isolamento social decorrente da pandemia nos ajuda a colocar em relevo a presença do digital em nosso cotidiano. Sobremaneira, o meu foco está no modo como uma subjetivação da ubiquidade e do produtivismo que ele facilita tem se convertido numa face nociva do contemporâneo, intensificada no tempo da pandemia
La golondrina
Authors: Santi Enoc Merino
Published: February 2022

Este artículo trae al presente la vida de un indígena “warmipangui” (homosexual) que vive en una comunidad indígena Kichwa de la Amazonía ecuatoriana. La discusión se centra en su vida y en las relaciones sociales que teje dentro de su comunidad, donde religión e identidad sexual conviven en armonía, la concepción de la homosexualidad es diferente a la occidental, y las normas conductuales establecidas abren brecha a otras formas de relaciones afectivas negadas pero aceptadas.
‘Ejemplos’ indígenas, el Covi-cho y algunos tips anti fines de mundo
Authors: Medrano Celeste
Published: February 2022

El objetivo del presente ensayo es poner en diálogo ciertas perspectivas de fines de mundo narradas por los indígenas qom del Gran Chaco Argentino y los sucesos desplegados por la actual pandemia de Covid-19. Con el fin de ‘amansar’ al virus, lo llamaremos Covi-cho  y lo situaremos en tensión con los ‘modelos’ y ‘ejemplos’ que el antropólogo Viveiros de Castro propuso en un manuscrito del 2019. Como mostraremos, los fines del mundo para los colectivos indígenas de Argentina se han presentado una y varias veces, al ritmo de la creación de la nación moderna. No obstante esto, ellos siguen ahí, resistiendo en sus devenires. En un contexto como el contemporáneo, donde los Estados ensayan ‘modelos’ para proteger la salud de los ciudadanos, nos preguntaremos: ¿pueden estos ‘ejemplos’ indígenas enseñarnos algo sobre la actual crisis sanitaria global?
Etnografar e intervir
Authors: Pereira Alexandre Branco
Published: February 2022

Etnografias engajadas não são novidade para a antropologia. Em tempos de pandemia de COVID-19, em que o exercício etnográfico por vezes se torna proibitivo, outras formas de atuar apresentam-se aos antropólogos, cujo ofício pressupõe sua inserção em redes de relações nativas. O trânsito por essas redes, empreendidas etnograficamente, torna-se útil para endereçar problemas apresentados por interlocutores de pesquisa em situação de vulnerabilidade. Neste breve relato, apresento minha experiência de antropologia engajada junto a imigrantes e refugiados na cidade de São Paulo, evidenciando, em especial, a experiência junto a migrantes vivendo em Guaianases, e a atuação na Rede de Cuidados em Saúde para Imigrantes e Refugiados. Defendo, por fim, que a etnografia é uma atividade politicamente implicada, e endereçar problemas apresentados por interlocutores de pesquisa não são filigranas do trabalho do antropólogo, e localizam-no nesta rede de relações em que ele se insere, evidenciando seu agenciamento pelos sujeitos de pesquisa.
Notas sobre pandemia e saúde quilombola
Authors: Silva Ana Maria Eugênio da , Ferreira Antonio Jeovane da Silva , Nascimento João Luis Joventino do , Rafael Francisco Levy Freitas
Published: February 2022

No Brasil, os povos originários e a população negra, especialmente as comunidades quilombolas, vêm sofrendo acentuadamente por serem grupos vulnerabilizados diante da conjuntura produzida pela pandemia de COVID-19, ocupando posições alarmantes nos índices de mortalidade pela doença. Este artigo tem como objetivo central refletir os impactos da pandemia sobre as comunidades quilombolas no estado do Ceará, traçando um panorama a partir da realidade vivida em diferentes regiões cearenses e que partem especificamente do Quilombo Sítio Veiga (Sertão Central), Quilombo de Alto Alegre (Região Metropolitana) e do Quilombo do Cumbe (Litoral Leste). Como pressupostos metodológicos, alinhavamos em sua construção os relatos etnográficos, frutos das vivências in loco dos próprios autores, que também são pesquisadores da temática, lideranças e moradores das respectivas comunidades quilombolas.