bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efektivitas Model Pembelajaran REACT dalam Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Peserta Didik di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Firdausi Adila , Alfiyah Hanik Yuni , Ghozali Solchan
Published: October 2024

Kemampuan berpikir kritis peserta didik di Indonesia tergolong rendah berdasarkan PISA tahun 2012 dan 2018. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji efektivitas model pembelajaran REACT dalam meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis peserta didik sekolah dasar pada mata pelajaran IPAS. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian quasi eksperimen menggunakan desain nonequivalent control group design pretest-posttest. Sampel penelitian terdiri dari 48 peserta didik kelas 5 di MINU Waru 1 Sidoarjo. yang terdiri dari kelas 5C sebagai kelas eksperimen dan kelas 5B sebagai kelas kontrol. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah tes. Analisis data terdiri dari uji validitas, uji reliabilitas, analisis deskriptif, uji normalitas, uji paired sample t-tes, dan uji N-Gain menggunakan bantuan SPSS 27. Hasil penelitian menujukkan bahawasanya pada kelas eksperimen nilai rata-rata pretest sebesar 55,21 dan posttest 85,63. Pada kelas kontrol nilai rata-rata pretest sebesar 50,42 dan possttest 69,58. Hasil perhitungan uji paired sample t-test menunjukkan nilai signifikansi 0,000<0,05, yang mengungkapkan adanya pengaruh penerapan model REACT terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis peserta didik. Selain itu, hasil perhitungan uji N-Gain juga memperlihatkan bahwasanya model pembelajaran REACT memiliki efektivitas lebih tinggi dibandingkan model konvensional dalam meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis peserta didik.
Does Instrumental Music Training Improve Chinese Word Reading? A Quasi-experimental Study
Authors: Choi William , Kong Siu Hang , Lai Veronica Ka Wai , Bautista Alfredo
Published: October 2024

This study set out to investigate whether and how music training improved Chinese word reading in children. Adopting a quasi-experimental research design, we recruited 86 musically trained children and musically untrained children with similar family income. We tested them on Chinese word reading, phonological awareness, and tone awareness. Moreover, we assessed their cognitive abilities, specifically non-verbal intelligence, inhibitory control, and working memory, as control variables. Data analyses revealed that musically trained children outperformed musically untrained children on word reading and phonological awareness but not tone awareness. Moreover, phonological awareness predicted word reading in musically trained children, with chronological age, cognitive abilities, and tone awareness controlled. However, tone awareness did not significantly predict their word reading. This study provides initial evidence supporting the potential of music training to improve Chinese word reading. Moreover, the findings reflect a possible intervention mechanism in which music training improves Chinese word reading by enhancing phonological awareness. Theoretically, the findings may extend the Precise Auditory Timing Hypothesis to tone languages and the logographic writing system.
A Feedback-Controlled Optimization Approach to Minimize Ransomware Propagation in Internet of Things Networks
Authors: Pavica Christopher , Swanson Gabriel , Whitaker Rafael , Johansson Samantha
Published: October 2024

The proliferation of Internet of Things (IoT) devices has expanded the attack surface for ransomware, creating new challenges in securing highly distributed and resource-constrained networks. A novel feedback-controlled optimization approach addresses this challenge by dynamically adjusting security measures, including patching frequency, device isolation, and network segmentation, based on real-time infection metrics. The system's ability to continuously monitor network conditions and optimize control parameters provides a significant advantage over traditional static defenses, particularly in mitigating rapidly evolving ransomware threats. Simulations conducted across various IoT network topologies demonstrate the approach's effectiveness in reducing infection rates, minimizing containment times, and efficiently utilizing network resources. The proposed methodology offers a scalable, adaptive solution that can be applied to a wide range of IoT environments, ensuring robust protection against both known and emerging ransomware attacks.
Impacts of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Household Experiences and Language Skills of Children with Language Impairment
Authors: Hutchins Carrie M , Poudel Sonali , Schmitt Mary Beth , Tambyraja Sherine
Published: October 2024

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe home environments of children with language impairments (LI) during the COVID-19 pandemic, to examine the extent to which aspects of their household experiences related to their receptive language, and to identify protective factors that could buffer negative impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on children’s receptive language. Method: Thirty-five children with LI receiving speech therapy within U.S. public schools and their families participated in this study. Standardized tests of receptive language were administered to measure children’s language. Caregiver questionnaires were used to collect data on familial household experiences, parental stress, and parental warmth during the pandemic.Results: Children with LI and their families experienced a range of COVID-related adversities. The frequency of experienced adversities positively correlated with caregiver stress levels. Regression analysis revealed that average level of caregiver stress was the strongest predictor of child receptive language. Finally, parental warmth was found to marginally moderate the association between COVID-related stress and receptive language. Conclusions: These findings illustrate proximal household experiences of families with children with LI during the pandemic. We provide three specific considerations for future inclusive emergency response plans and current policy, particularly relevant to families of children with developmental disabilities.
A Novel Unit Distribution Named As Median Based Unit Rayleigh (MBUR): Properties and Estimations
Authors: Attia Iman M.
Published: October 2024

Abstract: the importance of continuously emerging new distribution is a mandate to understand the world and environment surrounding us. In this paper, the author will discuss a new distribution defined on the interval (0,1) as regards the methodology of deducing its PDF, some of its properties and related functions. A simulation and real data analysis will be highlighted.
Fine-Tuning Large Language Models to Simulate German Voting Behaviour (Working Paper)
Authors: Holtdirk Tobias , Assenmacher Dennis , Bleier Arnim , Wagner Claudia
Published: October 2024

Surveys are a cornerstone of empirical social science research, providing invaluable insights into the opinions, beliefs, behaviours, and characteristics of people. However, issues such as refusal to participate, skipping questions, sampling bias, and attrition significantly impact the quality and reliability of survey data. Recently, researchers have started investigating the potential of Large Language Models (LLMs) to role-play a pre-defined set of "characters" and simulate their survey responses with little or no additional training data and costs. While previous research on forecasting, imputing, and simulating survey answers with LLMs has focused on zero-shot and few-shot approaches, this study investigates the viability of fine-tuning LLMs to simulate responses of survey participants.We fine-tune Large Language Models (LLMs) on subsets of the data from the German Longitudinal Election Study (GLES) and evaluate their predictive performance on the "vote choice" for a random set of held-out participants. We compare the LLMs' performance against various baseline methods.Our findings show that small, fine-tuned open-source LLMs can outperform zero-shot predictions of larger LLMs. They are able to match the performance of established tabular data classifiers, are more sample efficient, and outperform them in cases with systematic non-responses.This study contributes to the growing body of research on LLMs for simulating survey data by demonstrating the effectiveness of fine-tuning approaches.
The longitudinal impact of psychosocial factors on cognition and hearing in younger and older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Authors: Slade Kate , Nuttall Helen , Plack Chris , Pennington Charlotte , Davies Rob
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTPurpose. In March 2020, a unique situation unfolded wherein the UK government announced social restriction measures to reduce the spread of the virus that causes COVID-19. Various remained in place until April 2021, with older adults, who were considered clinically vulnerable, being placed under stricter restrictions. This study aimed to determine the impact of psychosocial factors, including loneliness, depression, and engagement in various recreational lifestyle activities, on hearing and cognitive function in younger and older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods. 112 older adults (62 female) aged 60-82 (M = 70.08, SD = 5.89), and 121 younger adults (85 female) aged 18-29 (M = 20.52, SD = 2.63) participated online between June 2020 - February 2022. Participants completed questionnaires assessing loneliness, depression, auditory and lifestyle engagement, and hearing ability, as well as behavioural tasks assessing auditory function and global cognition. All measures were completed 12 times at 4-week intervals. Results. Linear mixed effects analyses found that, of the variables examined, increased loneliness was a significantly associated with poorer auditory function. There were no main effects of time during the pandemic on auditory or cognitive outcomes. However, the interaction between time and age group significantly impacted global cognition; in younger adults, global cognition decreased overtime, whereas older adults displayed an unexpected positive change. Conclusions. These data show that there are associations between loneliness and auditory function but provide a lack of support for the impact of time experiencing auditory deprivation, or other psychosocial factors, on hearing and cognitive function. Such observations may be underpinned by motivational differences, learning effects, or sample biases. Future research may wish to investigate these factors further, to determine how psychological factors like loneliness impact hearing and wider brain function across diverse participant groups.
Implementasi Pembelajaran Berbasis Masalah dalam Meningkatkan Kesadaran Sosial Siswa Kelas XI Rumpun Teknik SMAN 81 Jakarta
Authors: Fitrianingsih Roro Ambar , Yolanda Tantriana , Ariani Elda
Published: October 2024

Kesadaran sosial merupakan sebuah proses untuk mengembangkan pengetahuan manusia sebagai makhluk sosial yang berpendidikan dan bagaimana hidup dalam masyarakat dengan pemahaman pendidikan yang tinggi sehingga tidak ada perbedaan baik itu kekayaan, kehormatan, maupun kekuasaan melainkan dalam hidup bermasyakat semuanya sama. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan implementasi pembelajaran berbasis masalah melalui bimbingan klasikal dalam meningkatkan kesadaran sosial siswa kelas XI Rumpun Teknik SMAN 81 Jakarta. Metode penelitian kuantitatif eksperimental dengan One Groups Pretest-Posttest Design. Sumber data yang diperoleh dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas XI.5 rumpun teknik yang berada di SMAN 81 Jakarta sebanyak 25 siswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa berdasarkan hasil analisis Uji T (Paired Sample T-Test), maka dapat diperoleh hasil bahwa thitung lebih besar dari ttabel yaitu -7.886 < 1.71088 dan Sig. (2 tailed) = 0,000 < 0,05, maka Ho ditolak dan Ha diterima. Maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat perubahan setelah dilakukan bimbingan klasikal dengan pembelajaran berbasis masalah dalam meningkatkan kesadaran sosial siswa kelas XI rumpun teknik SMAN 81 Jakarta.
An Appraisal of Teachers’ Professional Development in the Federal Capital Territory, Abuja-Nigeria
Authors: Abenu Abigail , Yusufu Funmilayo Alfa
Published: October 2024

This study assessed the professional development (PD) of primary and secondary school teachers in the Federal Capital Territory (FCT) Abuja, Nigeria. A mixed-method research design was adopted, where questionnaires and oral interviews were used to collect quantitative and qualitative data. A sample of 109 teachers from four purposively selected schools was used in the study. The findings revealed that a significant proportion of teachers (about 86%) have accessed PD; and about half,48.6%, of the teachers have benefited from government-sponsored professional development programmes between 2020- 2022. The appraisal of teachers’ work is not regular. While the perceptions of the impacts of PD were mixed, most of the teachers rated it as good and excellent. Factors inhibiting effective PD are diverse, the most important ones being inadequate funding, poorly organised PD and non-personalised PD for teachers’ needs and interests. It is rec commended that more funding should be channelled to PD; more personalised PD opportunities with input from teachers should be provided; as well as regular appraisals and the provision of feedback on teachers’ work.
Academic Writing Challenges and Encouragements: Perspectives of University Teachers in Far Western University
Authors: Khati Ashok Raj
Published: October 2024

While academic writing skills constitute a central place in master’s level courses at universities, institutional support for students has often been lacking. As a result, students face challenges in producing scholarly writing. In this study, I attempted to explore the academic writing challenges and encouragements to enhancing academic writing of master’s level students from the perspectives of university teachers at Far Western University of Nepal. This is a qualitative study. The data were collected through semi-structured interviews. Five university teachers from three different disciplines were selected as the research participants. The study shows that students’ awareness of academic writing is very low. Additionally, the traditional role of supervisors has negative effects on students’ academic writing. The study, however, reveals that training, workshops, virtual seminars and individual feedback have contributed to improving their academic writing. The study concludes that there is no adequate provision for research, and the university does not seem to have visible policies and plans for developing students’ academic writing.
Macroeconomic Impact of Value Added Tax in Nepal: A 2SLS and 3SLS Approach
Authors: Kunwar Keshar Bahadur , Gyanwali Ram Prasad
Published: October 2024

The study’s aim to evaluate the impact of VAT on macroeconomic variables (TCON, GDP, Import (M) and GOVEXP) and the reverse effects of Macro variables on VAT. This study included macroeconomic development variables such as GDP, GDP (-1), VAT, remittance (REM), total consumption (TCON), export (X), import (M), gross fixed capital formation (GFCF), bank rate (BRATE), trade openness (TOPEN), government expenditure (GOVEXP) and one period lagged government expenditure (GOVEXP (-1)). However, this study has been enhanced over previous analyses by incorporating 45 years of nominal data from 1974/1975 to 2018/19. It examines the connection between VAT and significant macroeconomic variables such as GDP, GDP (-1), REM TCON, X, M, GFCF, BRATE, TOPEN, GOVEXP and GOVEXP (-1). To address the challenges of simultaneous equation bias and inconsistent findings, this study utilized the two-stage least squares (2SLS) and three-stage least squares (3SLS) methodologies to assess the impact of VAT on macroeconomic variables. The findings of the study are that value-added tax (VAT) negatively impacts TCON. VAT positively and significantly impacts on GDP, import(M), and GOVEXP. The study revealed that while TOPEN negatively affected Nepal’s GDP, GOVEXP, GFCF, and X had a significant and positive influence on GDP.
Decolonizing Language in Education Policies of Nepal
Authors: Dhami Nirmala
Published: October 2024

Nepal has never been formally colonized; however, it struggles with the intricate effects of both internal and foreign linguistic colonialism, which has resulted in the marginalization of several indigenous languages in the formal educational system. The present paper explores how language education policies are changing in Nepal, a country with a wide variety of languages. This qualitative study used phenomenology as a research method and purposively selected four government aided school teachers as participants. Tool for data collection was interview and the findings showed that English is a dominant language in education policy though the constitution of Nepal allows mother tongue or national language i. e. Nepali to be the medium of instruction in the government schools. The study explored the expanding decolonization movement in language in education policy, led by communities, educators, and grassroots activists. The goal of this movement is to establish a more fair and inclusive learning environment from supporting the acknowledgement and integration of indigenous languages in formal education. The paper explored the historical mechanisms of linguistic colonialism in the educational system, examining the prioritization of dominant languages over indigenous languages and the resultant exclusion of the latter. The study concludes by outlining the current changes being made to Nepal’s language education regulations and highlighting the importance of linguistic inclusion as a driver of social cohesion and cultural preservation. By providing insights into the problems and possibilities of incorporating indigenous languages into formal educational systems, the research adds to the larger conversation on decolonizing education.
Students’ Perception of the Effectiveness of E-learning Environment on Higher Education in Nepal
Authors: Parajuli Mankumari , Thapa Ajay
Published: October 2024

The study aimed to analyze students’ perceptions of the effectiveness of e-learning in higher education in Nepal. The study adopted a quantitative research approach. Data were obtained using an online survey from 83 students of Pokhara University studying in the School of Development and Social Engineering. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. The results indicated that the majority of the students have a positive attitude towards e-learning. Adequate skills to operate an e-learning system was found to have a profound role in shaping students ‘attitude, the feeling of usefulness and ease of use of the e-learning system. Instructors’ collaboration and support were identified to play the paramount role in setting a positive attitude, instilling a sense of usefulness towards e-learning and easing its use. The study revealed a significant positive correlation between students’ attitudes towards e-learning, the quality of the e-learning system, usefulness, and ease of use of e-learning system. E-learning embraced as an alternative to traditional forms of teaching and learning, was found to have an enormous value to offer in this globalized world where internet penetration along with other ICT advancements in every part of the world has a significant role. The study concluded that the students at the tertiary level are very positive toe-learning, so, universities in Nepal can make a grand shift in the way of teaching and learning shifting from conventional to full -fledged e-learning practices.
From Exclusion to Inclusion: Understanding the Financial Landscape of University Students in Zimbabwe
Authors: MUTANDA BRONSON
Published: October 2024

The purpose of this study was to assess financial inclusion status of University students in Zimbabwe. In order to achieve this objective, 109 students from across six State Universities participated in the study by completing questionnaires. Data analysis was enhanced through SPSS version 23. The findings of the study reveal that most university students own a bank account. However, a small number are applying and accessing bank loans. In addition, a number of impediments have been found that prevent certain university students from being financially included. These obstacles include insufficient income to fund bank accounts, excessive bank fees, a lack of trust and confidence, and ignorance of the prerequisites for opening a bank account. The study also found that there is a lot of potential in terms of university students' financial inclusion because most of them have smartphones that can be used for online banking, the majority of them said they are considering opening a bank account in the future, and the majority of them said they understand the significance of financial inclusion. The following recommendations were made: the financial sector should provide unique financial services for students under the guise of inexpensive student loans, accounts and financial education.
Experimental and numerical study of cold-formed steel beams with web perforations
Authors: Yazıcı Casim , Gürbüz Muhammed
Published: October 2024

This study focuses on the experimental and numerical investigation of cold-formed steel (CFS) beams with web perforations to assess their shear performance. Twelve samples were tested, all processed from high-strength, cold-formed steel sheets of grade S235 with a thickness of 1.5 mm. The specimens, designated as CC, were formed by interlocking two C-sections and welded together. Various parameters were analyzed, such as the shear-span ratio, hole depth-to-web height ratio (dh/h), and web height-to-thickness ratio. The experimental setup involved mid-span single-point loading conditions to evaluate the mechanical behavior of the beams. Circular holes with different diameters were strategically placed at the mid-height of the webs in two shear zones. The experimental results were validated using finite element analysis (FEA) conducted in ANSYS, ensuring the accuracy of the finite element model. The findings indicate that the ultimate bearing capacity of the specimens decreases as the hole depth-to-web height ratio increases. When the hole depth-to-web height ratio was small (dh/h ≤ 0.4), the load-deflection curves declined rapidly after reaching the peak. Conversely, for a ratio of 0.5, the curves declined more gradually. Additionally, mid-span deflection decreased as dh/h increased, with significant variation observed for smaller ratios and stabilization for a ratio of 0.5. This research provides a comprehensive understanding of the shear behavior of cold-formed steel beams with web openings. It offers valuable insights into the design and optimization of these structures, contributing to the safe and efficient application of CFS beams in various engineering contexts.
Suitability of potato tubers of different varieties for processing
Authors: Zavadska Oksana , Iliuk Natalya , Ivanytska Alla , Semenenko Svіtlana , Mykhailyn V.
Published: October 2024

Drying is one of the most common ways to process potato tubers. To produce high-quality dried products, the quality of raw materials is crucial, and it depends on the varietal characteristics. The purpose of this study was to investigate the suitability of potato tubers of five varieties for convective drying without blanching. The study employed the experimental method according to the developed research scheme, the laboratory method was used to determine the organoleptic, morphological, and biochemical quality indicators of fresh tubers and dry products, and the statistical method was used to process the research results mathematically. It was found that tubers of the Povin variety contained the greatest amount of dry matter and starch (24.6% and 18.4%, respectively), while vitamin C was found in Sante and Povin (over 11 mg%). The lowest amount of sugars was accumulated in the tubers of the Koroleva Anna variety – 0.32%. It was found that with an increase in the dry matter content of tubers, the starch content increases substantially (r=0.98), and the sugar content significantly affects the degree of darkening of dry products (r=0.74). The nitrate content of tubers of all varieties did not exceed the maximum permissible concentration. It was found that when potato tubers are used for convective drying, 17.1-24.5% of dry products can be obtained and 4.1-5.8 kg of prepared raw materials can be consumed. The dry matter content of the tubers and the amount of waste substantially affect the yield of the finished product. The most suitable for convective drying without blanching are the Koroleva Anna tubers, which provide a 24.5% yield of finished products with a tasting score of 5 on a 5-point scale. When using other varieties of tubers for convection drying, blanching or other methods should first be used to stabilise the colour. The materials of this study are of practical value for vegetable growers, breeders, and specialists of processing enterprises when choosing a potato variety for drying
Influence of milk phospholipids on microstructural changes in rat liver under tetracycline-induced hepatosis
Authors: Pototskyi Andrii , Gryshchenko Viktoriia
Published: October 2024

The growing number of cases of adverse effects of medicines on the liver leads to hepatopathology and the development of complications such as cirrhosis, necrosis, liver failure, and liver carcinoma. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the characteristic structural changes in the liver of rats with tetracycline damage and to find out the corrective effectiveness of milk phospholipids. The study performed histological examination of sections from different parts of the liver in experimental rats, which were stained with haematoxylin and eosin according to the conventional method. It was found that in case of artificial modelling of tetracycline-induced hepatosis in rats, the general architecture of the liver is preserved. At the same time, large-scale damage to hepatocytes and the development of fatty and granular dystrophy were recorded in the affected animals. Some of the damaged cells were destroyed, followed by lysis of fragments of the destroyed cells. The described microscopic changes were most pronounced in the areas of the liver under its capsule. As a result, there was partial or complete disorganisation of the liver lobes in all lobes of the organ. The use of milk phospholipids in the form of a biologically active additive “FLP-MD” as a corrective therapy in sick rats prevented the development of hepatocyte dyscomplexity, contributed to a substantial reduction in the count of destroyed cells in a state of dystrophy with isolated cases of disordered organisation of the liver laminae. This suggests a pronounced stimulatory effect of milk phospholipids on the processes of hepatocyte regeneration and repair in tetracycline-induced liver damage in rats. In case of separate administration of a milk phospholipid-based supplement to clinically healthy animals, the microscopic structure of liver samples did not differ from that of the control group. The findings of this study are of practical value for pathologists, clinicians, and therapists in case of development of drug-induced hepatopathology in animals, especially when using tetracycline antibiotics, and for determining the strategy in the treatment of such patients
Phytoremediation of soils contaminated as a result of military and anthropogenic impact
Authors: Melnychenko Vadym
Published: October 2024

Military conflicts and anthropogenic accidents cause significant soil contamination with heavy metals, oil products, pesticides, and other toxic substances. The purpose of this study was to highlight the factors of influence of military-anthropogenic load on soils and to analyse the available methods of their remediation. The study summarised the available and promising phytoremediation methods with an assessment of their impact on soil contamination by chemicals that are typical pollutants during military conflicts. The study summarised, classified, and compared the groups of pollutants that are most common during military operations; analysed the impact of pollutants on the fertile soil layer and their mobility; and analysed the available remediation methods. It was found that the available soil remediation technologies, which can be used individually or in combination, provide the necessary tools to address the problem of chemical contamination of soils due to toxic products such as explosive derivatives and heavy metals. The degree of economic feasibility was considered, which, accordingly, suggested that soil phytoremediation may be the most economically feasible under certain conditions. This opens wide possibilities for further investigations, where the synergy of ecology, economics, and agrobiology will enable the development of mechanisms for optimising soil phytoremediation methods, considering their type, profile, and intended use. An algorithm of actions for remediation of soils as a result of military-anthropogenic load was proposed, which includes a related set of related actions on zoning, demining, assessment, and return of land to industrial use. The findings of this study can be used to clean industrial areas that have been contaminated during production processes or accidents
Ensuring the reliability of filtration systems for transport and processing machines by redundancy
Authors: Novitskyi Yuri
Published: October 2024

The relevance of this study is subordinated to the existing global trend of applying the scientific paradigm of redundancy of individual systems of transport and technological machines. This approach ensures the uninterrupted technological process of crop production following the regulatory reliability indicators. The purpose of this study was to identify failures of subsystems and elements of transport and technological machines depending on the operating time and to ensure reliability by redundancy. The study covered the methodological approaches to the formation of reliability of transport and technological machines. The study analysed the areas of ensuring the reliability of transport and technological machines on the example of machinery and equipment for animal husbandry. Methodical approaches to ensuring the indicators of reliability and maintainability during the operation of a self-propelled mixer were covered. A systematic approach to the self-propelled mixer as a complex transport and technological machine was developed. The principal subsystems that define a self-propelled mixer as a complex transport and technological system were identified. During the study, two groups of failures were identified, which lead to the loss of performance of the research objects. The features of using information and structural redundancy to improve the reliability of filtration systems of self-propelled mixers were presented. The technical condition of the engine air filter should be checked and cleaned after 50 hours, while the cartridge should be replaced after 1000 hours of operation. The functioning of the cabin filtration subsystem is ensured by a condenser, evaporator, desiccant filter, air filter, which should be checked and cleaned every 500 hours, while spare parts should be available in stock for replacement after one year of use. The formed criteria for assessing the technical condition of air filtration systems of a self-propelled mixer will provide a higher level of reliability and expand the list of their parameters. The methodology presented in this study allows increasing the reliability and maintainability of self-propelled mixers, to provide a methodical approach to the formation of reliability of engine air filtration and operator’s cabin air filtration subsystems
Recuerdo de España. La cerámica sevillana de tema quijotesco como souvenir turístico en torno a la Exposición Iberoamericana de 1929
Authors: Heredia Flores Víctor Manuel , Luque Aranda Marta
Published: October 2024

Introducción: El origen del turismo está estrechamente unido a la aparición del souvenir como elemento físico con poder rememorativo que servía como prueba de haber visitado un lugar. Metodología: En este artículo se estudia la amplia difusión de la cerámica producida en Sevilla en las primeras décadas del siglo XX que utilizaba la imagen gráfica del Quijote como recuerdo turístico, ofreciendo una labor de localización de los azulejos de esa temática, especialmente en América. Resultados: La principal aportación de nuestra investigación es la evidencia de que las aventuras del Quijote llegaron, sobre soporte cerámico, a lugares muy distantes llevados por los mismos turistas que visitaban España. Discusión: El valor del souvenir como transmisor de un discurso ideológico y cultural debe entenderse en su  contexto, que en este caso es el de la difusión del concepto de Hispanidad a partir de aglutinantes como la historia común y, sobre todo, el idioma compartido. Conclusiones: Tanto en forma de piezas sueltas como mediante encargos de mosaicos y conjuntos, durante los años previos y posteriores a la Exposición de 1929 la cerámica sevillana de tema cervantino sirvió para proyectar internacionalmente una determinada imagen de la cultura española vinculada a un turismo todavía elitista.
Canva como herramienta para promover el aprendizaje significativo en la enseñanza del inglés como lengua extranjera
Authors: Moro Ramos Sandra
Published: October 2024

Introducción: En la era digital, la integración de herramientas innovadoras como Canva es esencial para la enseñanza del inglés como lengua extranjera (EFL). Este artículo explora cómo Canva puede promover el aprendizaje significativo mediante la creación de materiales educativos atractivos y personalizados. Metodología: Se utilizó una metodología analítico-descriptiva basada en la revisión de literatura existente sobre el uso de Canva en la educación. La investigación se fundamenta en estudios empíricos y experiencias prácticas en aulas de EFL. Resultados: Los resultados indican que Canva aumenta la motivación y el compromiso de los estudiantes. La herramienta permite crear materiales visuales y personalizados que mejoran la retención de información y desarrollan la creatividad, la colaboración y la comunicación. Discusión: La incorporación de Canva en las clases de EFL ofrece beneficios significativos, incluyendo una mayor motivación y participación de los estudiantes. Sin embargo, también presenta desafíos relacionados con el acceso a la tecnología y la formación docente. Conclusiones: Canva es una herramienta efectiva para el aprendizaje significativo en EFL. Su capacidad para crear materiales atractivos y personalizados la convierte en un recurso valioso. Con el apoyo adecuado, esta herramienta puede transformar la enseñanza de EFL, proporcionando una experiencia de aprendizaje dinámica y enriquecedora.
El desarrollo de emprendimientos sostenibles a través de herramientas digitales en estudiantes de una universidad de Lima
Authors: Rubio Pachamango Aracelly
Published: October 2024

Introducción: Las herramientas tecnológicas como canvas y wikis permiten comunicar los proyectos emprendedores que son el resultado de los aprendizajes de los estudiantes. Evidencian el desarrollo de las habilidades de emprendimiento que se realizan con creatividad e integran la formación profesional con el ámbito laboral. Método:  El estudio es cualitativo. Consolida (en equipo) los proyectos emprendedores sostenibles interdisciplinares: guardería: los ángeles de Dios, vida saludable, viveros móviles ornamentales, artesanía a base de yute elaborado por mujeres artesanas. Resultados: El proyecto guardería: los ángeles de Dios es un emprendimiento sobre servicios educativos de infantes que muestra todos los servicios y áreas que tiene; el proyecto vida saludable trata de la venta de platos saludables que atiende a necesidades sociales; el proyecto viveros móviles ornamentales está dirigido a diversos segmentos como a los amantes de las plantas y a quienes quieren mejorar la estética de sus negocios; el último proyecto artesanía a base de yute elaborado por mujeres artesanas trata sobre la venta de artesanía con diseños originales que se han elaborado por las mujeres de la comunidad. Discusión: Con base en los resultados se demuestra que las herramientas tecnológicas permiten comunicar los proyectos emprendedores que evidencian el desarrollo de las habilidades emprendedoras de los estudiantes quienes parten de problemas reales de su contexto. Conclusiones: Los wikis y canvas permiten difundir eficazmente los emprendimientos que surgen de las necesidades del entorno, desarrollan la educación emprendedora a partir de la resolución de problemas sociales, generan desarrollo económico en armonía con el cuidado del ambiente.
The occurrence of myopathies and meat abnormalities in modern broiler farming
Authors: Vnučec Ivan , Janječić Zlatko , Bedeović Dalibor , Pleadin Jelka , Jůzl Miroslav , Kos Ivica , Vučković Marija
Published: October 2024

Over the past few decades, there has been a significant increase in the production and consumption of poultry meat due to its high-quality nutritional profile, relatively low production costs, and ease of meat processing. This growing demand has led to progressive improvements in genetic selection for fast-growing broilers, triggering several spontaneous idiopathic muscle abnormalities along with an increased susceptibility to stress-induced myopathy. These muscle abnormalities have a negative impact on the quality of both fresh and processed chicken meat, primarily affecting the large breast muscle (m. pectoralis major) of broilers, which is also the most valuable part of the carcass. Frequent meat abnormalities include the occurrence of pale, soft, and exudative meat, primarily characterized by reduced water-holding capacity, while Deep Pectoral Myopathy results in a change in colour and a significant reduction in the attractive appearance of the small breast muscle (m. pectoralis minor). Myopathies labelled as "White Striping" are characterized by superficial white stripes, "Wooden Breast" is marked by pale and bulging areas of significant hardness, while "Spaghetti Meat" is described by the separation of muscle fibres resembling spaghetti pasta. These mentioned abnormalities and myopathies negatively impact the economic aspect of the poultry industry during the removal of affected parts and, furthermore, reduce the qualitative and nutritional value of the meat, posing challenges during technological processes. This paper describes recent findings on the occurrence, characteristics, and prevalence of the most common myopathies affecting modern broiler farming.
Features of Forbush decreases according to satellite and ground based detectors
Authors: Lagoida I. A. , Voronov S. A. , Mikhailov V. V.
Published: October 2024

Forbush decreases are sudden drops of cosmic ray intensity recorded by ground based and satellite detectors. This effect is strongly connected with coronal mass ejections from the Sun. Those are the massive eruptions of plasma material from the Sun atmosphere into interplanetary space. Coronal mass ejections affect cosmic ray particles while moving through interplanetary space causing Forbush decrease. In this work, we have studied the behavior of temporal profiles of cosmic ray intensity during Forbush decreases using data on cosmic proton fluxes recorded by the AMS-02 spectrometer during 2011 to 2019.
On the classical approach to describing the diffusion of cosmic rays in a turbulent medium
Authors: Uchaikin Vladimir V. , Kozhemyakin Ilya I. , Litvinov Vladimir A.
Published: October 2024

The inhomogeneous structure of the interstellar medium (ISM) is characterized by largescale fluctuations that significantly affect the cosmic ray propagation process. Accounting for this influence can not only lead to adjustments in the diffusion process parameters but even to pass from differential operators to integral ones. The most crucial characteristics of a turbulent medium is its power spectrum. Including appropriate approximations of this spectrum allows us to consider this problem in the framework of the traditional diffusion approach [1, 2]. This article explores the analytical representations of this spectrum applied in the cosmic ray transfer theory, including the four-parameter Uchaikin—Zolotarev approximation, derived from the generalized Ornstein—Zernike equation. Testing of the latter revealed that, with carefully chosen parameters, it accurately replicates numerical modeling results both in the inertial interval and beyond. Therefore, it can be effectively employed in addressing cosmic ray transfer issues within a turbulent interstellar medium.
НЕОБХІДНІСТЬ ВИКОРИСТАННЯ МЕТОДІВ КРЕАТИВНОГО МИСЛЕННЯ ДЛЯ РОЗВИТКУ ПІДПРИЄМСТВА В СУЧАСНОМУ КОНКУРЕНТНОМУ СЕРЕДОВИЩІ
Authors: БАРКОВА Катерина
Published: October 2024

The purpose of the study was to determine the main methods of developing the creative thinking of enterprise employees under the conditions of increasing competition. The article states that creativity is a competitive advantage of any enterprise and argues that companies should solve their problems in an innovative way with the help of ideas that allow them to constantly adapt to the external environment. An analysis of research was carried out, which made it possible to highlight creativity as one of the most important leadership qualities for CEOs, which surpasses even decency and global thinking. The benefits of developing creativity have been highlighted, including increased revenue, market share, increased employee productivity, improved customer service, fostering innovation, and ultimately financial success. Analyzed and formulated methods of development of creative thinking: brainstorming of ideas, which provides an opportunity to open up and share thoughts and ideas freely, without restrictions and prejudices; mind maps, as a graphical tool that facilitates idea generation and allows you to dive deeper into a concept or topic, narrowing it down to the most specific topics as ideas are broken down into pieces in the process; changing the way of thinking, which means changing the point of view on the issue and opportunities to approach it differently, this will allow the team to open new perspectives on the issue; role playing as the method most useful for coming up with ideas for a product and predicting how it will perform in the market; study of various psychological theories of creativity; learning to ask the right questions around issues related to product features, customer feedback, problem nature, etc. or using the six thinking hats strategy. The importance of building a program for developing the creativity of the company's employees is proven, which is based on the principle of phasing, when the next stage is logically connected to the previous one and is aimed at consolidating what has been achieved and its further development at the next stage.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ФІНАНСОВОЇ СТІЙКОСТІ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ УКРАЇНИ В УМОВАХ КРИЗИ
Authors: СКОРОПАД Ірина , ЛАЗАРЄВ Олександр
Published: October 2024

Проаналізовано аспекти сучасного стану та проблематики відновлення фінансово-економічної стійкості підприємств України в умовах кризи, обумовленої повномасштабною війною. Метою статті визначено виявлення особливостей забезпечення фінансової стійкості підприємств України в умовах кризи. Доведено, що фінансово-економічний стан вітчизняних підприємств в умовах війни та сформованої нею критичної нестабільності значно погіршився. Показано, що ці тенденції призвели й до зниження рівня фінансової стійкості суб’єктів господарювання, яка й надалі послаблюється. Зроблено висновок, що це негативно, адже призводить до погіршення інвестиційної привабливості, кредитоспроможності та здатності українських підприємств до втримання економічної безпеки і подальшого функціонування. Проаналізовано та вказано на тренди до погіршення фінансової стійкості вітчизняного бізнесу, а саме зменшення обсягів прибутку (нарощення від’ємних фінансових результатів), зниження рівня рентабельності та збільшення кількості й частки збиткових підприємств реального сектора національної економіки України, зокрема промислових. Аргументовано, що задля відновлення та надалі укріплення позицій в частині посилення фінансової стійкості суб’єктам вітчизняного бізнесу слід реалізувати ефективні заходи за напрямами: (1) збільшення обсягів власного капіталу; (2) оптимізація обсягів та строків використання залученого в бізнес капіталу; (3) підвищення ефективності господарювання і скерування приросту прибутку на засоби покращення фінансово-економічного стану, зміцнення фінансової стійкості корпоративних структур.
ФІНАНСОВИЙ ПОТЕНЦІАЛ ПІДПРИЄМСТВА: ЕТАПИ МОДЕЛЮВАННЯ ТА ДІАГНОСТИКИ
Authors: ШАРАВАРА Роман , КОНОНЕНКО Жанна
Published: October 2024

Моделювання діагностики фінансового потенціалу підприємства є важливим інструментом для підвищення ефективності управління фінансами підприємства та забезпечення його стійкості і конкурентоспроможності на ринку. Цей процес допомагає визначити сильні та слабкі сторони фінансового стану підприємства та розробити стратегії для подолання фінансових викликів і досягнення успіху. Враховуючи такі особливості, моделювання діагностики фінансового потенціалу підприємства можна пояснити, як процес аналізу і оцінки фінансової стійкості та можливостей підприємства на основі різних методів та моделей, що дозволяють спрогнозувати та оцінити його фінансову рентабельність, ліквідність, платоспроможність та загальний фінансовий стан. Моделювання діагностики фінансового потенціалу підприємства є важливим інструментом для прийняття управлінських рішень, забезпечення стійкості підприємства на ринку та забезпечення його розвитку.
МОНІТОРИНГ ВИТРАТ ЯК ІНСТРУМЕНТ В СИСТЕМІ ЛОГІСТИКИ БІЗНЕСУ
Authors: ПАНЧЕНКО Володимир , ПАНЧЕНКО Оксана
Published: October 2024

Проаналізовано аспекти управління витратами підприємств у системі логістики бізнесу. З’ясовано, що питання якісного управління витратами значно ширше, ніж обслуговування фінансово-господарської діяльності, адже особливо актуальне в системі логістики бізнесу, визначаючи його стабільність і низку важливих питань економічної та зокрема виробничої безпеки. Метою статті визначено удосконалення системи моніторингу витрат як вагомого інструменту в структурі логістики бізнесу. Розроблено загальну модель економічного аналізу поточних витрат підприємства. Здійснено групування поточних витрат підприємства за класифікаційними ознаками. Розроблено класифікацію поточних витрат взаємодії підприємства з суб’єктами зовнішнього ринкового середовища. Класифіковано поточні витрати підприємства за статтями калькуляції витрат в системі логістики бізнесу. Показано, що перспективним напрямом подальших досліджень у цій сфері є удосконалення методики аналізування витратомісткості в системі виробничої безпеки підприємств.
СУЧАСНИЙ СТАН ТА ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ РОЗВИТКУ УКРАЇНСЬКОГО ПРИДУНАВ’Я У ПОВОЄННИЙ ПЕРІОД
Authors: КУХАРСЬКА Наталія
Published: October 2024

У статті дано економічний аналіз розвитку портової та логістичної інфраструктури Українського Придунав’я, а саме Ізмаїльському МТП, Ренійському МТП, Усть-Дунайському МТП до початку воєнної агресії росії (2021 р.) та за 2022 р. Підкреслено їх особливе значення після виходу російської федерації з «зернової угоди». Показано руйнація портової інфраструктури в результаті російських повітряних атак на українські дунайські порти. Представлено важливі напрямки розвитку Дунайського регіону у повоєнний період. Окреслено головні заходи, на базі яких можливо створення сучасних логістичних центрів, які забезпечать стійкі транзитні вантажопотоки між Європою та Азією.