bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dynamic stability of submerged pipelines
Authors: Khizhnyakov V. I. , Negodin A. V. , Bakshanskii R. Yu.
Published: April 2021

The paper considers the dynamic stability of submerged pipelines with denudation and sagging depending on their stiffness and the river flow rate. The hydrodynamic force frequency and natural vibrations of the pipeline are calculated at the actual and critical length of the pipeline sagging. It is shown that the frequency of the external hydrodynamic force applied to the sagged pipeline with the length corresponding to the critical, coincides with the frequency of natural vibrations. It is found that the loss of stability of submerged pipelines occurs in the resonant region of the pipeline vibration due to the increased variable hydrodynamic force.
The concept of ecological and archeological site "Donskaya Troya"
Authors: Mikhailenko D. V. , Reznitskaya L. M.
Published: April 2021

The aim of the work is to form conceptual solutions of the ecological and archaeological site "Donskaya Troya’. The unique archaeological site founded in the 17th century, BC by the tribes of the North Caucasian catacomb culture locates westward Rostov-on-Don, on the right bank of the Mertvy Donets River, between Karataevo and Liventsovka villages in the Soviet region. The stone fortresses discovered by archaeologists in the 1960s, are the oldest in Eastern Europe. The preservation of the Liventsovka archaeological ensemble is very relevant, since today it is in a deplorable state, namely excavations with bushes, dacha garbage dumps, dilapidated walls and ditches filled with stones. The media quite keenly discuss the sad fate of this territory. The paper proposes to create a museum to show the unique historical and cultural potential of the Karataevo and Liventsovka fortresses, which will be and open-air museum, a festival space with a research center and other educational and entertainment areas. Urban planning, scenario-functional and artistic-figurative concepts of the museum relate to the existing historical and cultural artifacts, the ideas of a "living ethnic landscape", the life of people from re-created times and modern trends in the design of museum complexes.
Reasons for revision following stand-alone anterior lumbar interbody fusion and lateral lumbar interbody fusion
Authors: Nguyen Austin Q. , Harvey Jackson P. , Khanna Krishn , Basques Bryce A. , Harada Garrett K. , Phillips Frank M. , Singh Kern , Dewald Christopher , An Howard S. , Colman Matthew W
Published: April 2021

OBJECTIVE

Anterior lumbar interbody fusion (ALIF) and lateral lumbar interbody fusion (LLIF) are alternative and less invasive techniques to stabilize the spine and indirectly decompress the neural elements compared with open posterior approaches. While reoperation rates have been described for open posterior lumbar surgery, there are sparse data on reoperation rates following these less invasive procedures without direct posterior decompression. This study aimed to evaluate the overall rate, cause, and timing of reoperation procedures following anterior or lateral lumbar interbody fusions without direct posterior decompression.

METHODS

This was a retrospective cohort study of all consecutive patients indicated for an ALIF or LLIF for lumbar spine at a single academic institution. Patients who underwent concomitant posterior fusion or direct decompression surgeries were excluded. Rates, causes, and timing of reoperations were analyzed. Patients who underwent a revision decompression were matched with patients who did not require a reoperation, and preoperative imaging characteristics were analyzed to assess for risk factors for the reoperation.

RESULTS

The study cohort consisted of 529 patients with an average follow-up of 2.37 years; 40.3% (213/529) and 67.3% (356/529) of patients had a minimum of 2 years and 1 year of follow-up, respectively. The total revision rate was 5.7% (30/529), with same-level revision in 3.8% (20/529) and adjacent-level revision in 1.9% (10/529) of patients. Same-level revision patients had significantly shorter time to revision (7.14 months) than adjacent-level revision patients (31.91 months) (p < 0.0001). Fifty percent of same-level revisions were for a posterior decompression. After further analysis of decompression revisions, an increased preoperative canal area was significantly associated with a lower risk of further decompression revision compared to the control group (p = 0.015; OR 0.977, 95% CI 0.959–0.995).

CONCLUSIONS

There was a low reoperation rate after anterior or lateral lumbar interbody fusions without direct posterior decompression. The majority of same-level reoperations were due to a need for further decompression. Smaller preoperative canal diameters were associated with the need for revision decompression.
Complications in ambulatory pediatric patients with nonidiopathic spinal deformity undergoing fusion to the pelvis using the sacral-alar-iliac technique within 2 years of surgery
Authors: Menger Richard , Park Paul J. , Bixby Elise C. , Marciano Gerard , Cerpa Meghan , Roye David , Roye Benjamin D. , Vitale Michael , Lenke Lawrence
Published: April 2021

OBJECTIVE

Significant investigation in the adult population has generated a body of research regarding proximal junctional kyphosis (PJK) and proximal junctional failure (PJF) following long fusions to the sacrum and pelvis. However, much less is known regarding early complications, including PJK and PJF, in the ambulatory pediatric patient. As such, the objective of this study was to address the minimal literature on early complications after ambulatory pediatric patients underwent fusion to the sacrum with instrumentation to the pelvis in the era of sacral-alar-iliac (S2AI) instrumentation.

METHODS

The authors performed a retrospective review of pediatric patients with nonidiopathic spinal deformity < 18 years of age with ambulatory capacity who underwent fusion to the pelvis at a multisurgeon pediatric academic spine practice from 2016 to 2018. All surgeries were posterior-only approaches with S2AI screws as the primary technique for sacropelvic fixation. Descriptive, outcome, and radiographic data were obtained. The definition of PJF included symptomatic PJK presenting as fracture, screw pullout, or disruption of the posterior osseoligamentous complex.

RESULTS

Twenty-five patients were included in this study. Nine patients (36.0%) had 15 complications for an overall complication rate of 60.0%. Unplanned return to the operating room occurred 8 times in 6 patients (24.0%). Four patients (16.0%) had wound issues (3 with deep wound infection and 1 with wound breakdown) requiring reoperation. Three patients (12.0%) had PJF, all requiring reoperation. A 16-year-old female patient with syndromic scoliosis underwent extension of fusion due to posterior tension band failure at 6 months. A 17-year-old male patient with neuromuscular scoliosis underwent extension of fusion due to proximal screw pullout at 5 months. A 10-year-old female patient with congenital scoliosis underwent extension for PJF at 5 months following posterior tension band failure. One patient had pseudarthrosis requiring reoperation 20 months postoperatively.

CONCLUSIONS

Fixation to the pelvis enables significant deformity correction, but with rather high rates of complications and unexpected returns to the operating room. Considerations of sagittal plane dynamics for PJK and PJF should be strongly analyzed when performing fixation to the pelvis in ambulatory pediatric patients.
Comparison of operator and patient radiation exposure during fluoroscopy-guided vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Kopparapu Srujan , Lubelski Daniel , Pennington Zach , Khan Majid , Theodore Nicholas , Sciubba Daniel
Published: April 2021

OBJECTIVE

Percutaneous vertebroplasty (PV) and balloon kyphoplasty (BK) are two minimally invasive techniques used to treat mechanical pain secondary to spinal compression fractures. A concern for both procedures is the radiation exposure incurred by both operators and patients. The authors conducted a systematic review of the available literature to examine differences in interventionalist radiation exposure between PV and BK and differences in patient radiation exposure between PV and BK.

METHODS

The authors conducted a search of the PubMed, Ovid Medline, Cochrane Reviews, Embase, and Web of Science databases according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Full-text articles in English describing one of the primary endpoints in ≥ 5 unique patients treated with PV or BK of the mobile spine were included. Estimates of mean operative time, radiation exposure, and fluoroscopy duration were reported as weighted averages. Additionally, annual occupational dose limits provided by the United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission (USNRC) were used to determine the number needed to harm (NNH).

RESULTS

The meta-analysis included 27 articles. For PV, the mean fluoroscopy times were 4.9 ± 3.3 minutes per level without protective measures and 5.2 ± 3.4 minutes with protective measures. The mean operator radiation exposures per level in mrem were 4.6 ± 5.4 at the eye, 7.8 ± 8.7 at the neck, 22.7 ± 62.4 at the torso, and 49.2 ± 62.2 at the hand without protective equipment and 0.3 ± 0.1 at the torso and 95.5 ± 162.5 at the hand with protection. The mean fluoroscopy times per level for BK were 6.1 ± 2.5 minutes without protective measures and 6.0 ± 3.2 minutes with such measures. The mean exposures were 31.3 ± 39.3, 19.7 ± 4.6, 31.8 ± 34.2, and 174.4 ± 117.3 mrem at the eye, neck, torso, and hand, respectively, without protection, and 1, 9.2 ± 26.2, and 187.7 ± 100.4 mrem at the neck, torso, and hand, respectively, with protective equipment. For protected procedures, radiation to the hand was the limiting factor and the NNH estimates were 524 ± 891 and 266 ± 142 for PV and BK, respectively. Patient exposure as measured by flank-mounted dosimeters, entrance skin dose, and dose area product demonstrated lower exposure with PV than BK (p < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONS

Operator radiation exposure is significantly decreased by the use of protective equipment. Radiation exposure to both the operator and patient is lower for PV than BK. NNH estimates suggest that radiation to the hand limits the number of procedures an operator can safely perform. In particular, radiation to the hand limits PV to 524 and BK to 266 procedures per year before surpassing the threshold set by the USNRC.
Pengaruh Intellectual Capital Terhadap Kinerja Keuangan dan Nilai Perusahaan (Studi Kasus Perusahaan Sektor Keuangan yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia Tahun 2017-2019)
Authors: Rahmadi Ikhram Hafiz , Mutasowifin Ali
Published: April 2021

Berlainan dengan asset tradisional yang berwujud, intellectual capital merupakan hidden value yang kurang memperoleh perhatian. Penelitian ini menguji pengaruh intellectual capital terhadap kinerja keuangan dan nilai perusahaan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode value added intellectual coefficient (VAIC) sebagai indikator untuk menghitung nilai intellectual capital perusahaan. Kinerja keuangan diukur oleh empat indikator yaitu Return on Assets (ROA), Return on Equity (ROE), Debt to Assets (DAR) dan Debt to Equity (DER). Nilai Perusahaan diukur oleh indikator Earning per Share (EPS), Price to Earning  Ratio (PER), Price to Book Value Ratio (PBV), dan Tobin’s Q. Penelitian ini menggunakan alat analisis Partial Least Square (PLS) dengan memanfaatkan aplikasi SmartPLS versi 3.2.2. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah perusahaan sektor keuangan pada Bursa Efek Indonesia pada 2017-2019. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa terdapat pengaruh positif dan signifikan antara Intellectual Capital terhadap Kinerja Keuangan dan Nilai perusahaan.
The Creative Indifference of a “Shifter of Registers” (Epochenverschleppe) – Gregor Von Rezzori
Authors: Basniak Tetiana
Published: April 2021

The body of the article goes on to highlight the problem of Gregor von Rezzori’s extravagant, lavish and idiosyncratic style entwined with his innate exquisite irony and scepticism, sometimes sarcasm, which can be inferred from his stance of indifference to social norms and trends.In the given context, the most expressive and illustrious are Rezzori’s novels “Oedipus Prevails at Stalingrad” (1954) and “On My Own Traces” (1997), which reflect the author’s ambitious venture into his autobiographical mythologizing from a perspective of the category of time and shed the light on how the artist’s negative experience can be turned into creative indifference. Of particular value, for our research, is the convergence of timeless themes and the ideological intertextuality created in two different surroundings, and provoked by fateful historical events. Rezzori’s irony of his own search for self-identity, a distinguishing feature for postmodern poetics, is one of the most critical topics to perceive the author’s personal experience. Transforming his childhood memories of his lost homeland into the imaginative artistic style, the author succeeded in creating a mythical topos, derived from the personal author’s mythologies (his autobiographical fiction “An Ermine in Czernopol” serves as an excellent example). It should be articulated, that pervasive irony and self-irony are key features of the author’s style. With his novel “Oedipus at Stalingrad”, Rezzori prior to postmodernism in art, foreshadowed his conceptual principles, philosophical fundamentals and worldview. In time, his fiction “On My Own Traces” picked up the threads of the ideas of “Oedipus” quintessence. To conclude, Rezzori’s mystical experiences of his childhood are preserved in his fiction like the most precious treasures that reveal the childish fragile soul seeking for its recognition. To grasp Rezzori’s philosophy, we should realize the author’s key concept – the category of time, which enables him to recognize himself as “Epochenverschlepper”: in his fiction, time lines are blurred, to some extent they become meaningless and functionally typify human history continuity. Consequently, in periods when everything seems rickety and unsettled: the past, the present, and the unpredictable future, the author dares to delve into in-depth psychology of human feelings and knowing thy-self.
PENANAMAN KARAKTER KEBANGSAAN MELALUI PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS KEARIFAN LOKAL DI SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Awang Imanuel Sairo , Serani Gabriel , Prasetyo Zuhdan Kun , Wangid Muhammad Nur
Published: April 2021

ABSTRAKDewasa ini peserta didik tidak hanya dituntut menguasai ketiga ranah hasil belajar yaitu kognitif, afektif, dan psikomotor, tetapi juga meliputi pengembangan karakter yang dapat diintegrasikan melalui kearifan lokal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan perangkat pembelajaran berbasis kearifan lokal di sekolah dasar. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian Research and Development (R&D) model 4D yakni define, design, develop, dan disseminate.  Subjek ujicoba penelitian adalah siswa kelas III SD Negeri 12 Ensaid Panjang. Instrument pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini adalah lembar validasi produk, lembar observasi, dan lembar tes hasil belajar. Teknik anaslis data yang digunakan adalah kualitatif deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perangkat pembelajaran yang terdiri dari silabus, Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran (RPP), Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik (LKPD), dan lembar penilaian, valid berkategori “baik” dan dinyatakan layak untuk diterapkan. Hasil ujicoba menunjukkan bahwa perangkat pembelajaran berbasis kearifan lokal mampu meningkatkan karakter kebangsaan kejujuran, persatuan, dan gotong-royong masing-masing sebesar 0,08, 0,16 dan 0,07. Hasil tes juga menunjukkan bahwa perangkat pembelajaran berbasis kearifan lokal suku Dayak Desa mampu mengembangkan hasil belajar peserta didik yakni sebesar 74,38. Dengan demikian, pembelajaran berbasis kearifan lokal dapat menanamkan karakter kebangsaan peserta didik sekolah dasar.Kata Kunci: Perangkat pembelajaran, kearifan lokal, karakter kebangsaan ABSTRACTNowadays students are not only required to master the three domains of learning outcomes, namely cognitive, affective, and psychomotor, but also include character development that can be integrated through local wisdom. This study aims to produce learning kits based on local wisdom in elementary schools. This research conducted with Research and Development (R&D) within 4D stages model i.e define, design, develop, and disseminate. The subjects of the research trial were grade III students of SD Negeri 12 Ensaid Panjang. Data collection instruments in this study were product validation sheets, observation sheets, and learning achievement test sheets. The data analysis technique used is descriptive qualitative. The results showed that the learning kit consisting of syllabus, lesson plan, student worksheet, and assessment sheet, was valid in the category of "good" and declared feasible to be applied. The results show that the learning kits based on local wisdom can improve the national character of honesty, unity, and mutual assistance respectively by 0.08, 0.16, and 0.07. The test results also showed that the local wisdom-based learning tools of the Dayak Desa tribe were able to develop student learning outcomes, with score 74.38. Thus, learning kits based on local wisdom can instill the national character of elementary school students.Keywords: Learning kits, local wisdom, nationality character
Penerapan Model STAD dalam Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Pendidikan Agama Katolik Siswa SMK Negeri 5 Manado
Authors: Sili Fransiskus
Published: April 2021

ABSTRAKTujuan penelitian ini adalah meningkatkan hasil belajar pada mata pelajaran Pendidikan Agama Katolik siswa kelas X SMK Negeri 5 Manado melalui penerapan model Cooperative Learning tipe STAD. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian tindakan kelas dengan pelaksanaan pembelajaran sebanyak dua siklus. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas X SMK Negeri 5 Manado yang berjumlah 17 siswa. Analisis data menggunakan analisis interaktif model Milles dan Huberman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rerata skor tes siklus I adalah 74,89 dan rerata aktivitas adalah 74.95%. Pada siklus ke II mengalami peningkatan skor rerata nilai siswa yakni 85,22 dengan kategori sangat baik, dan rerata persentase aktivitas belajar siswa adalah 88.61% masuk kategori sangat baik. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan model Cooperative Learning tipe STAD telah meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran Pendidikan Agama Katolik dengan rerata skor tingkat ketuntasan adalah 75. Untuk meningkatkan efisiensi penerapan model STAD dalam pelajaran pendidikan agama Katolik maka guru perlu memperkuat kemampuan manajerial kelompok sera meningkatkan dinamika diskusi kelompok untuk memobilisasi kekuatan individual  team yang heterogen di kelas pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Katolik.Kata Kunci: hasil belajar, model STAD ABSTRACTThis classroom action research is designed to enhance the academic achievement in Catholic Religious Education class by applying cooperative learning type STAD (Students Teams Achievement Divisions). The research subjects were 17 students of grade X in SMK Negeri 5 Manado. Data analysis in two cycles of learning shows the following results. The first learning cycle average test score was 74.89 and the mean activity was 74.95%. The second learning cycle average test was 85.22 (very good category) and the average percentage of student learning activities was 88.61% (very good category). It can be concluded that the application of the STAD Cooperative Learning model has improved academic achievement with an average score of completeness level is 75. To increase the efficiency of the application of the STAD model, teachers need to strengthen group managerial abilities and increase the dynamics of group discussions to mobilize the strength of heterogeneous individual teams in the Catholic Religious Education class.Keywords: learning outcomes, STAD models
EVALUASI PELAKSANAAN PEMBELAJARAN DARING DI INDONESIA SELAMA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Budiman Jumardi
Published: April 2021

ABSTRAKPandemi covid-19 membuat sistem pembelajaran di Indonesia yang berlangsung secara klasikal berubah menjadi pembelajaran dalam jaringan (daring). Tujuan penelitian ini yakni mengevaluasi pelaksanaan pembelajaran daring di Indonesia pada masa pandemi covid-19. Metode penelitian menggunakan studi kepustakaan dengan sumber data berupa artikel ilmiah yang membahas tentang pelaksanaan pembelajaran daring selama masa pandemi covid-19. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisa kualitatif yakni reduksi data, penyajian data dan verifikasi/ penarikan kesimpulan. Temuan dalam penelitian ini bahwa mekanisme pembelajaran daring memiliki dampak positif berupa kemandirian siswa dalam belajar, peningkatan aktivitas mencari sumber belajar dan inovasi gaya belajar. Dampak negatif pembelajaran daring berupa rasa jenuh dan penurunan minat belajar akibat kegagalan siswa dan guru dalam mengatasi kendala seperti sarana penunjang yang tidak memadai, ketiadaan kuota internet dan sinyal internet yang buruk. Tantangan yang dihadapi oleh siswa dan guru selama pembelajaran daring yakni ketersediaan sarana penunjang, strategi pembelajaran yang inovatif dan sinergi ntara komponen pendidikan. Pembelajaran daring berpeluang untuk terus dilaksanakan dengan system blended learning guna menciptakan ekosistem pembelajaran digital yang efektif dan efisien.Kata Kunci: Evaluasi, pembelajaran, dalam jaringan, pandemi covid-19 ABSTRACTPandemic covid-19 makes the learning system in Indonesia that takes place classically turned into online learning. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the implementation of online learning in Indonesia during the Covid-19 pandemic. The research method uses library research with data sources in the form of scientific articles that discuss the implementation of online learning during the Covid-19 pandemic. The data analysis technique uses qualitative analysis, namely data reduction, data presentation and verification / conclusion. The findings in this study are that online learning mechanisms have a positive impact in the form of student’s independence in learning, increased activity to find learning resources and innovation in learning styles. The negative impact of online learning is in the form of boredom and decreased interest in learning due to the failure of students and teachers to overcome obstacles such as inadequate supporting facilities, absence of internet quota and poor internet signal. The challenges faced by students and teachers during online learning are the availability of supporting facilities, innovative learning strategies and synergy between education components. Online learning has the opportunity to continue to be implemented with a blended learning system to create an effective and efficient digital learning ecosystemKeywords: Evaluation, learning, online, the covid-19 pandemic
ANALISIS PROFIL PERSEPSI DAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR DARING SISWA SMK DI KOTA SINGARAJA
Authors: Fitria Ida , Candiasa I Made , Sugiarta I Made
Published: April 2021

ABSTRAKSejak Maret 2020 diterapkan sistem belajar daring. Pengkajian persepsi siswa terhadap belajar daring diperlukan untuk mengetahui tanggapan siswa sehingga tercipta pembelajaran yang bermakna. Belajar daring dilakukan tanpa tatap muka juga perlu dikaji mengenai motivasi belajar siswa untuk mencapai tujuan pembelajaran. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui kedudukan persepsi dan motivasi siswa selama belajar daring sehingga hasilnya bisa dipergunakan untuk perencanaan pembelajaran kedepannya. Pengumpulan data menggunakan data sekunder dari peneliti utama berupa data pengukuran persepsi dan motivasi siswa belajar daring yang diperoleh dari hasil tiga kali pengukuran selama empat minggu dilakukan pembelajaran daring, yakni pengukuran awal setelah dua minggu, dan setelah empat minggu. Analisis data pada penelitian ini adalah analisis profil dengan tiga pengujian hipotesis yaitu uji hipotesis keparalelan, uji hipotesis kesamaan level dan uji hipotesis untuk pengaruh pvariabel utama. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data dapat disimpulkan, kedua pengukuran persepsi dan motivasi paralel, berbeda level, dan ada pengaruh terhadap 3 variabel.Kata Kunci : analisis profil, persepsi, motivasi ABSTRACTSince March 2020 an online learning system has been implemented. Students' perceptions of online learning need to be researched so that meaningful learning is created. Student learning motivation also needs to be studied because learning is not face to face. The research objective was to determine the position of students' perceptions and motivation during online learning so that the results could be used for planning future learning. The data collection used secondary data from the main researcher in the form of online learning students' perceptions and motivation measurement data obtained from the results of three measurements for four weeks. The data analysis in this study is a profile analysis. Based on the results of the data analysis, it can be concluded that the two measurements of perception and motivation are parallel, have different levels, and there is an influence on 3 variables.Keywords : profile analysis, perception, motivation
Strategi Mikro Kepala Sekolah Membudayakan Budaya Malu sebagai Nilai Karakter Unggul Sekolah Dasar Di Kabupaten Sintang
Authors: Dike Daniel , Parida Lusila , Stevanus Ivan
Published: April 2021

ABSTRAKKesadaran moral anak sangat penting dikembangkan dan dibudayakan sejak pendidikan sekolah dasar melalui strategi membudayakan budaya malu. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan praktik budaya malu di sekolah dasar SDN 23 Menyumbung kabupaten Sintang. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan studi kasus (one case study research).Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara mendalam, observasi dan studi dokumen. Alat pengumpulan data adalah panduan wawancara, lembar observasi dan dukumen. Analisis data menggunakan pola induktif model Creswel. Subyek penelitian adalah guru dan siswa di SDN 23 Menyumbung sebanyak 25 orang. Teknik pengambilan responden secara purposive karena mempertimbangkan situasi pandemi covid 19. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pade level siswa dan guru dikembangkan 10 budaya malu yang ditanamkan dalam pembelajaran maupun melaui pembiasaan. Praktik budaya malu telah menumbuhkan dua aspek penting dalam diri siswa dan guru yakni karakter kinerja dan kinerja moral. Agar karakter kinerja dan karakter moral tumbuh dengan baik di sekolah maka diperlukan strategi micro kepala sekolah yang terarah pada penguatan identitas personal dan sosial siswa secara moral. Kata Kunci: budaya malu, kinerja moral, karakter moral ABSTRACTChildren's moral awareness is very important to be developed and cultivated since elementary school education through a strategy of cultivating a culture of shame. The purpose of this study is to describe the practice of shame culture in elementary schools of SDN 23 Menyumbung, Sintang district. This research uses a case study approach (one case study). Data collection techniques using in-depth interviews, observation and documentation study. Data analysis used the Creswell model inductive pattern. Data collection techniques using in-depth interviews, observation and document study. Data collection tools were interview guides, observation sheets and documents. The research subjects were 25 teachers and students at SDN 23 Menyumbung. The technique of taking respondents was purposive because it considered the covid pandemic situation 19. The results showed that at the level of students and teachers 10 shy cultures were instilled in learning and through habituation. The practice of shame culture has fostered two important aspects in students and teachers, namely the character of performance and moral performance. In order for the performance character and moral character to grow well in school, a micro principal strategy is needed that is aimed at strengthening the personal and social identity of students morally.Keywords: shame culture, moral performance, moral character
Assessment of Heavy Metal Concentrations and Public Health Risk in Fish Species of Sakarya River, Turkey
Authors: Bilgili Ali , Ünal Hasan Hüseyin , Özdemir Mehmet , Aydın Ahmet , Başaralı Mustafa Kemal
Published: April 2021

In this study, heavy metal concentrations including cadmium, lead, zinc, copper and arsenic concentrations were determined in five fish species ( Capoeta sieboldii, Capoeta tinca, Scardinius erythrophthalmus, Squalius pursakensis and Barbus escherichii) obtained from the Sakarya River. The metal concentrations of fish supplied in four different seasons (winter, spring, summer and autumn) were determined by using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Although the metal concentrations showed seasonal variations in some fish species and also varied with respect to particular fish species, the concentrations of these metals were found to be within the permissible limits. In addition, it was concluded that the concentration of metal contamination in the evaluated fish species would not pose a risk for human consuming fish species obtained from Sakarya River by considering estimated daily intake (EDI), target hazard quotient (THQ), hazard index (HI), and target cancer risk (TCR) values.
The Status of Surface Water in West Tripura District, India: An Approach by Using Water Quality Index and Multivariate Statistical Technique
Authors: Roy Biplab , Manna Ajay Kumar
Published: April 2021

The present investigation provides a better interpretation of surface water (rivers, ponds, bills, lakes, etc.) quality utilising entropy weighted water quality index (EWWQI) and different multivariate statistical techniques. Eleven physicochemical parameters including alkalinity, dissolved oxygen (DO), pH, total dissolved solids (TDS), electrical conductivity (EC), calcium (Ca), turbidity, magnesium (Mg), total hardness (TH), chloride (Cl-), and iron (Fe) were analysed and monitored at 23 sampling sites (in December 2018) of West Tripura district. Experimental outcomes of turbidity followed by Fe contamination exceeded recommended WHO standard limit. The maximum values of Fe and turbidity were estimated as 8.745 mg/L and 797.7 NTU, respectively. WQI values confirmed that most of the monitoring locations had poor water quality except three reported areas (S7, S14, and S15) but without Fe and turbidity, estimated WQI confirmed drinkable water condition for entire samples. Multivariate statistical approaches like correlation analysis, principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA) were applied to explore water quality. PCA outcomes recognised three principal factors explaining almost 85% of the total variance. CA investigated three major clusters of 23 sampling sites namely less polluted, highly polluted and moderately polluted zone. Confirming all above, the surface water at the monitoring locations is a major concern which may lead to serious health issues in local people.
Renewable Distributed Generations Optimal Penetration in the Distribution Network for Clean and Green Energy
Authors: Gill Amandeep , Choudhary Abhilasha , Bali Himani
Published: April 2021

For raising the initiatives to supply clean and green energy globally, many renewable distributed generations are attached to the network. Power losses, voltage profile maintenance and environmental pollution are the most significant restrictions, which hinder the existing power system. Random penetration of the distributed generation in the existing network can cause severe problems like voltage instability, increase in power losses, system islanding, reverse power flows, environment pollution, etc. Therefore, for clean and green energy, optimal penetration of eco-friendly renewable distributed generation is required for power loss minimisation and voltage profile enhancement. Optimal penetration of renewable distributed generation has to deal with constraints like size, location, number, power factor and type. Adaptive schemes are based on biogeography-based optimisation and particle swarm optimization methods to satisfy all the constraints related to the optimal penetration of renewable distributed generation systems in the IEEE 33 bus radial distribution network. The adaptive schemes have been applied for (real and reactive) power loss reduction and enhancing voltage profile.
Role of Soils and Its Trace Element Concentration on Human Dental Health: An Overview
Authors: Patel Anjan , Choudhury Elina
Published: April 2021

Recognition of the relationship between soils and human health dates back to ancient times and soil degradation has certainly been an important issue for human civilization. The intake of food quality and its nutrition value depends to a large extent on the health of soils, in which it is grown. Moreover, the quality of drinking water depends upon the mineral-bearing rocks forming the aquifers, the soils through which it passes and the related geo-hydrological parameters. The present study specifically addresses the dental health problems caused due to the in-situ ground condition of the locality and the soil contamination. This kind of study has become more vital considering the fact that the burden of oral diseases is increasing in many developing countries, especially among the rural masses. However, the possible connections between soils or ground conditions and dental problems are yet to be established properly. Mechanism of the incorporation of trace elements into soils and further into human teeth need more understanding. The present appraisal of the works related to soils and human health can be considered as thought-provoking for future research in this field, especially in view of the effects of rapid climate change and industrialisation on soils and human health in recent times.
The coupled Cahn–Hilliard/Allen–Cahn system with dynamic boundary conditions
Authors: Makki Ahmad , Miranville Alain , Petcu Madalina
Published: April 2021

In this article, we are interested in the study of the well-posedness as well as of the long time behavior, in terms of finite-dimensional attractors, of a coupled Allen–Cahn/Cahn–Hilliard system associated with dynamic boundary conditions. In particular, we prove the existence of the global attractor with finite fractal dimension.
The effect of suboccipital muscle inhibition and posture correction exercises on chronic tension-type headaches
Authors: Cho Sung Hak
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND: Compared with healthy people, patients with chronic tension-type headache (CTTH) are likely to have forward head postures (FHP) and a higher number of active trigger points (aTrP) on the suboccipital muscle. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to verify how the suboccipital muscle inhibition (SMI) on aTrPs and the FHP correction exercise can effectively reduce symptoms of the CTTH patients. METHOD: The subjects of this study were 45 individuals with CTTH, divided into three groups of 15 patients each: a) the SMI group using the myofascial release technique; b) the SMIEx group subject to both the SMI therapy and FHP correction exercises; and c) the control group. Group A and B were given the relevant interventions twice a week for four consecutive weeks, and went through the headache impact test (HIT-6) and examinations on the pressure pain threshold (PPT) of the headache areas, the type and number of myofascial trigger points (TrP), the soft tissue PPT, and the posture before and after the intervention. RESULTS: There was a significant improvement in the HIT-6, the headache PPT, the soft tissue PPT, the TrP, and the posture in Group A and B patients to whom the SMI technique and SMIEx interventions were applied. The biggest reduction and increase in the HIT-6 and the headache PPT respectively were seen in the SMIEx group. CONCLUSION: According to this study, the SMIEx can be an effective intervention for patients with CTTH.
Risk factors associated with subacromial pain in young athletes: A case control study
Authors: Sarcevic Zoran , Tepavcevic Andreja
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND: Subacromial pain (SAP) is a common complaint of young athletes, independently of the sport engaged. The prevalence of SAP in some sports is up to 50%. OBJECTIVE: The study was aimed to investigate some new factors possibly associated to subacromial pain in young athletes. The factors considered were the grade of tightness of the clavicular portion of the pectoralis major, dysfunction of the sternoclavicular joint, and serratus anterior and lower trapezius strength. METHODS: This case-control study included 82 young athletes 9–15 years, 41 with the symptoms of SAP and 41 controls. All participants self-reported whether they had subacromial pain. In addition, Hawkins–Kennedy Test was performed to all the participants to evaluate the subacromial pressure. Main outcome measures were the grade of tightness of the clavicular portion of the pectoralis major, dysfunction of the sternoclavicular joint, and serratus anterior and lower trapezius strength. The grade of tightness of the clavicular portion of the pectoralis major and the dysfunction of the sternoclavicular joint were measured with an inclinometer. Serratus anterior and lower trapezius strength were measured by a handheld dynamometer with external belt-fixation. The data were analyzed using t-test for independent samples, Mann-Whitney U test, contingency coefficients and a stepwise binary logistic regression. RESULTS: Significant statistical difference was observed in the grade of tightness of the clavicular portion of the pectoralis major and in the variable representing the physiological functioning of the sternoclavicular joint, between the cases and the controls. There was no significant difference in serratus anterior and lower trapezius strength between the cases and the controls. Logistic regression analysis showed that the variable representing the physiological functioning of the sternoclavicular joint and the grade of shortening of the clavicular portion of the pectoralis major were good predictors for presence of SAP. CONCLUSIONS: A strong association was determined between subacromial pain in young athletes, clavicular portion of pectoralis major tightness and the dysfunction of the sternoclavicular joint.
Effects of hip rotation on the electromyographic activity of the medial and lateral hamstrings and muscle force
Authors: Lim Wootaek
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND: In clinical practice, knee flexion at the prone position for manual muscle testing of hamstrings and hip extension at the supine position for stretching of hamstring muscles are typically proposed. OBJECTIVE: Although different positions have been proposed for different purposes in hamstrings, the understanding of the changing the functional role of hamstrings with position changes is poorly understood. METHODS: The electromyographic (EMG) activity and hip extension force were compared among different postures; hip neutral, internal, and external rotation. EMG and force were measured in prone position during knee flexion and those were additionally measured in supine position during hip extension. In supine position, additional measurements were made in hip neutral, internal and external rotation. RESULTS: Hamstrings showed high EMG activity during knee flexion. Knee flexion force in prone position was significantly decreased at hip extension force in supine position. In supine position, EMG activity was significantly higher in semitendinosus (ST) than biceps femoris (BF) during internal rotation. CONCLUSIONS: It should be noted that bi-articular muscles may have different functional dependencies on the corresponding muscles for each joint. In addition, because the altered alignment of the hamstring muscles that was affected by hip rotation had a significant effect on muscle activity, and hip rotation may be helpful for selective training of medial or lateral hamstrings.
Differentiation between hepatocellular carcinoma and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma using contrast-enhanced ultrasound: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Chen Yanling , Zhu Yuli , Chen Kailing , Wang Hantao , Zhang Weibin , Bao Jingwen , Wang Wenping
Published: April 2021

AIM: To explore the diagnostic ability of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in distinguishing intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) from hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). MATERIALS AND METHODS: PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were systematically searched for studies reporting the diagnostic accuracy of CEUS in differentiating ICC from HCC. The diagnostic ability of CEUS was assessed based on the pooled sensitivity, specificity, diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR) and area under the curve (AUC) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The methodologic quality was assessed by the QUADAS-2 tool. Subgroup analyses, meta-regression and investigation of publication bias were performed to identify the source of heterogeneity. RESULTS: A total of eight studies were included, consisting of 1,116 patients with HCC and 529 with ICC. The general diagnostic performance of CEUS in distinguishing ICC and HCC were as follows: pooled sensitivity, 0.92 (95% CI: 0.84–0.96); pooled specificity, 0.87 (95% CI: 0.79–0.92); pooled PLR, 7.1 (95% CI: 4.1–12.0); pooled NLR, 0.09 (95% CI: 0.05–0.19); pooled DOR, 76 (95% CI: 26–220) and AUC, 0.95 (95% CI: 0.93–0.97). Different liver background may be a potential factor that influenced the diagnostic accuracy of CEUS according to the subgroup analysis, with the pooled DOR of 89.67 in the mixed liver background group and 46.87 in the cirrhosis group, respectively. Six informative CEUS features that may help differentiate HCC from ICC were extracted. The three CEUS features favoring HCC were arterial phase hyperenhancement (APHE), mild washout and late washout (>60s); the three CEUS favoring ICC were arterial rim enhancement, marked washout and early washout (<60s). No potential publication bias was observed. CONCLUSION: CEUS showed great diagnostic ability in differentiating ICC from HCC, which may be promising for noninvasive evaluation of these diseases.
From Face-to-Face to Home-to-Home: Validity of a Teleneuropsychological Battery
Authors: Alegret Montserrat , Espinosa Ana , Ortega Gemma , Pérez-Cordón Alba , Sanabria Ángela , Hernández Isabel , Marquié Marta , Rosende-Roca Maitée , Mauleón Ana , Abdelnour Carla , Vargas Liliana , de Antonio Ester Esteban , López-Cuevas Rogelio , Tartari Juan Pablo , Alarcón-Martín Emilio , Tárraga Lluís , Ruiz Agustín , Boada Mercè , Valero Sergi
Published: April 2021

Background: Over the last decade, teleneuropsychology has increased substantially. There is a need for valid neuropsychological batteries to be administered home-to-home. Since 2006, the neuropsychological battery of Fundació ACE (NBACE) has been administered face-to-face in our clinical settings. Recently, we adapted the NBACE for teleneuropsychology use to be administered home-to-home (NBACEtn). Objective: The aims of the present study are: 1) to determine the home-to-home NBACE equivalence compared to its original face-to-face version; and 2) to examine home-to-home NBACE discriminant capacity by differentiating among cognitively healthy, mild cognitive impairment, or mild dementia subjects and comparing it with the face-to-face version. Methods: Data from 338 individuals assessed home-to-home (NBACEtn) were contrasted with 7,990 participants assessed with its face-to-face version (NBACE). Exploratory and confirmatory factorial structure, and invariance analysis of the two versions of the battery were performed. Results: Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis supported the four-factor model (attention, memory, executive, and visuospatial/constructional functions). Configural, metric, and scalar measurement invariance was found between home-to-home and face-to-face NBACE versions. Significant differences in most of the neuropsychological variables assessed were observed between the three clinical groups in both versions of administration. No differences were found between the technological devices used by participants (computer or tablet and mobile devices). Conclusion: For the first time, invariance analysis findings were addressed by determining a teleneuropsychological battery’s equivalence in comparison with its face-to-face version. This study amplifies the neuropsychological assessment’s applicability using a home-to-home format, maintaining the original measure’s structure, interpretability, and discriminant capacity.
Cortical and Striatal Electroencephalograms and Apomorphine Effects in the FUS Mouse Model of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Authors: Vorobyov Vasily , Deev Alexander , Sengpiel Frank , Nebogatikov Vladimir , Ustyugov Aleksey A.
Published: April 2021

Background: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is characterized by degeneration of motor neurons resulting in muscle atrophy. In contrast to the lower motor neurons, the role of upper (cortical) neurons in ALS is yet unclear. Maturation of locomotor networks is supported by dopaminergic (DA) projections from substantia nigra to the spinal cord and striatum. Objective: To examine the contribution of DA mediation in the striatum-cortex networks in ALS progression. Methods: We studied electroencephalogram (EEG) from striatal putamen (Pt) and primary motor cortex (M1) in ΔFUS(1–359)-transgenic (Tg) mice, a model of ALS. EEG from M1 and Pt were recorded in freely moving young (2-month-old) and older (5-month-old) Tg and non-transgenic (nTg) mice. EEG spectra were analyzed for 30 min before and for 60 min after systemic injection of a DA mimetic, apomorphine (APO), and saline. Results: In young Tg versus nTg mice, baseline EEG spectra in M1 were comparable, whereas in Pt, beta activity in Tg mice was enhanced. In older Tg versus nTg mice, beta dominated in EEG from both M1 and Pt, whereas theta and delta 2 activities were reduced. In younger Tg versus nTg mice, APO increased theta and decreased beta 2 predominantly in M1. In older mice, APO effects in these frequency bands were inversed and accompanied by enhanced delta 2 and attenuated alpha in Tg versus nTg mice. Conclusion: We suggest that revealed EEG modifications in ΔFUS(1–359)-transgenic mice are associated with early alterations in the striatum-cortex interrelations and DA transmission followed by adaptive intracerebral transformations.
Upwards Drift of Cerebrospinal Fluid Amyloid-β 42 Over Twelve Years in a Consecutive Clinical Cohort
Authors: Simonsen Anja Hviid , Musaeus Christian Sandøe , Christensen Gitte Lund , Hasselbalch Steen Gregers , Waldemar Gunhild
Published: April 2021

Amyloid-β 1–42 (Aβ1–42) measured in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) can be used as a diagnostic biomarker for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) but an upward drift when using the INNOTEST ELISA has been suggested. We investigated the upwards drift of Aβ1–42 levels over a period of twelve years in a consecutive memory clinic cohort. We found a significant increase in Aβ1–42 from 2008 to 2019 independent of changes in tau. New methods for the quantification of CSF Aβ1–42 levels are being implemented but awareness of this upwards drift is crucial during the diagnostic work-up and when selecting historical samples for research.