bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Free-Hand Technique for S2-Alar-Iliac Screw Placement
Authors: Shillingford Jamal N. , Laratta Joseph L. , Tan Lee A. , Sarpong Nana O. , Lin James D. , Fischer Charla R. , Lehman Ronald A. , Kim Yongjung J. , Lenke Lawrence G.
Published: February 2018

Background:

Spinopelvic fixation is an integral part of achieving solid fusion across the lumbosacral junction, especially in deformity procedures requiring substantial correction or long-segment constructs. Traditional S2-alar-iliac (S2AI) screw-placement techniques utilize fluoroscopy, increasing operative time and radiation exposure to the patient and surgeon. We describe a novel free-hand technique for S2AI screw placement in patients with adult spinal deformity.

Methods:

We reviewed the records of 45 consecutive patients who underwent spinopelvic fixation performed with use of S2AI screws by the senior surgeon and various fellows or residents over a 12-month period (2015 to 2016). In each case, the S2AI screws were placed utilizing a free-hand technique without fluoroscopic or image guidance. Screw position and accuracy were assessed by intraoperative O-arm imaging and analyzed using 3-dimensional interactive manipulation of computed tomography images.

Results:

A total of 100 screws were placed, 51 by the senior surgeon and 49 by trainees. The mean patient age was 57.4 ± 12.7 years at the time of surgery; 37 (82.2%) of the patients were female. Preoperative diagnoses included adult idiopathic scoliosis (n = 19), adult degenerative scoliosis (n = 15), flatback syndrome (n = 2), fixed sagittal imbalance (n = 6), and distal junctional kyphosis (n = 3). Five (5%) of the screws were placed with moderate to severe cortical breaches, all of which perforated the pelvis posteriorly, with no clinically notable neurovascular or visceral complications. The breach rate did not differ significantly between the senior surgeon and trainees.

Conclusions:

The free-hand technique for S2AI screw placement, when performed in a standardized manner, was demonstrated to be safe and reliable in constructs requiring spinopelvic fixation. The accuracy of screw placement relies on visible and palpable anatomic landmarks that obviate the need for intraoperative fluoroscopy or image guidance, potentially reducing operative time and radiation exposure.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
OSSERVAZIONI SU UNA PROVA DI LETTURA PRESENTE IN UN TEST DI COMPETENZA PER STUDENTI CINESI ALLESTITO DAL CENTRO CILS
Authors: Torresan Paolo
Published: February 2018

I Progetti “Marco Polo” e “Turandot” nascono sulla base di un accordo intergovernativo Italia-Cina, attivo da metà degli anni Duemila e orientato a favorire l’accesso ai corsi universitari italiani da parte di apprendenti cinesi. Una volta passato un test di cultura generale nel loro Paese, gli studenti cinesi si possono pre-iscrivere a corsi universitari in Italia; se privi di un’adeguata conoscenza dell’italiano, prima dell’accesso ai corsi universitari, devono seguire corsi intensivi di lingua allestiti dai singoli atenei (o da enti a cui le università di affidano), per una durata che progressivamente è passata dai sei agli otto mesi, sino a giungere ai dieci/undici mesi (a dipendere dall’ateneo), e sostenere, infine, un esame finale di livello B1/B2 (secondo i livelli definiti dal Quadro Comune Europeo di Riferimento per le Lingue, CONSIGLIO D’EUROPA 2001). L’oggetto del nostro studio è una prova di lettura a scelta multipla confezionata dal centro CILS (sessione CILS Marco Polo, agosto 2012). Della prova analizziamo gli item, considerando le risposte fornite da un campione di studenti di livello B1, di diversa provenienza (n=68). I risultati dell’analisi vengono raccordati con la calibrazione di altre prove di comprensione facenti parte del medesimo esame.
TOWARDS A METHODOLOGY TO ESTIMATE MINIMUM SAMPLE LENGTH FOR SPEAKING RATE
Authors: Arantes Pablo , Lima Verônica Gomes
Published: February 2018

The aim of the present work is to investigate how long should a speech sample be for the speaking rate derived from it can be considered representative of the whole utterance from which the sample has been taken. Eight Brazilian Portuguese speakers read a 144-word text in three rate levels: slow, normal and fast. Speaking rate was measured cumulatively as the number of phonetic syllables per second from the first to the last syllable in the sample. Two types of rates were measured, speech rate and articulation rate. Change point analysis was used to determine the influence of rate type and level on the amount of time necessary for the cumulative estimate of speech and articulation rates to stabilize around the rate yielded by the whole utterance. Mean stabilization latencies are 9.2 seconds for speech rate and 8.7 s for articulation rate. The slow rate tends to stabilize later than fast and normal rates for both types of rate. Stabilization intervals take up a median number of 41 (speech rate) and 59 (articulation rate) syllables. Mean deviation between the global rate and the rate value at stabilization point are 7.8% (speech rate) and 4.2% (articulation rate).
Pesquisa e ensino de escrita: letramento acadêmico e etnografia
Authors: Salek Fiad Raquel
Published: February 2018

Apresento, neste artigo, uma perspectiva etnográfica como embasamento para a pesquisa sobre escrita acadêmica e também para o ensino de escrita acadêmica. Para isso, inicialmente, confronto essa perspectiva com a tradição de pesquisas e de ensino de escrita embasada em teorias textuais e discursivas, que é a predominante no contexto brasileiro. Em seguida, apresento diferentes possibilidades de se usar a etnografia na pesquisa sobre escrita acadêmica, mostrando seus ganhos e limites, e defendo a possibilidade de se assumir a etnografia como teoria, como perspectiva de análise da linguagem. A noção de indexicalização é fundamental nessa abordagem proposta. Finalmente, apresento consequências para um ensino de escrita também embasado em uma perspectiva etnográfica como teoria.
Teaching english for agriculture through proverbs in l1 and l2
Authors: Carreira Vivina Almeida , Burgeile Odete
Published: February 2018

This paper addresses the role of translation and mother tongue as fruitful teaching and learning resources in the case of English for Specific Purposes, particularly the study and translation of proverbs in the process of teaching and learning English for agriculture. It results from a research work involving classroom activities with the translation of proverbs, understood as tradition handed down from generation to generation, as a way of identifying, in different manners of expression, deep roots of cultural influence, as well as to perceive undercurrents of ideas – ethical, political, aesthetic, literary, scientific, etc. – in the history of peoples’ cultures. Agriculture is a rich field of proverbial heritage in most cultures and so proverbs can most productively be used to various purposes within the English class. From conveying the difference between linguistic and cultural competence, linguistic and idiomatic meaning, literal and figurative language, written and spoken language to vocabulary acquisition and retention, proverbs can unfold in a multitude of classroom activities demonstrating their huge application potential and didactic power.
Lecture-écriture du discours scientifique pedagogique en français langue étrangère : savoirs et savoir-faire mis en jeu
Authors: Benaboura Wahiba
Published: February 2018

Le domaine de l’analyse du discours a intéressé les didacticiens depuis les années 1970 (Coste, 1975). Il était censé déjà permettre de concevoir des stratégies d’enseignement de lecture en français langue étrangère (PEYTARD ; MOIRAND, 1992). Il n’en demeure pas moins que des questionnements sont encore soulevés de nos jours dans ce domaine et notamment en ce qui a trait à la mise en mots dans les documents scientifiques. Tout en s’inscrivant dans ce domaine de recherche, nous nous intéressons aux obstacles rencontrés en compréhension et en production des discours spécialisés en contexte universitaire (MOURLHON-DALLIES, 2011). Pour cela, nous recourons aux notions d’anaphores lexicales et grammaticales (MORTUREUX ; PETIOT, 1990 et MORTUREUX, 1993) et nous vérifions si les étudiants du département de biologie de l’université de Chlef en Algérie réussissent à intégrer dans leurs productions écrites les structures des genres discursifs les plus récurrents tels que le compte rendu, le rapport de stage et le résumé.Nous nous appuierons sur l’analyse d’un corpus constitué de tests de lecture-écriture afin de vérifier nos hypothèses quant au choix des vocables et à l’enchaînement des idées dans les activités résumantes. Cette analyse a permis de visualiser l’impact de l’incompréhension globale du texte source sur la construction du résumé, de catégoriser les écarts au niveau des agencements des mots et de mise en texte et de comparer les ordonnancements des informations au niveau des résumés.
Institutional adaptation to abrupt changes during and following the financial crisis
Authors: Mykolenko Olena , Strokovych Hanna
Published: February 2018

The aim of the study is to investigate substantial bases and mechanisms for institutional changes that facilitate the adjustment of an economic system to abrupt changes. To achieve this objective, comparative analysis is carried out in order to disclose different approaches to crisis management and resolution regimes following the financial imbalances in Denmark, Sweden, and the USA that represent three different models of institutional adaptation. Thus, the paper reflects on the multifaceted phenomenon of institutional change, evaluating the theoretical background, which is further adjusted to the concept of institutional adaptation. In turn, the concept of institutional adaptation is developed from crisis management and post-crisis financial policies’ perspective. Built on various resolution procedures, the main mechanisms behind institutional adaptation are highlighted: extension (extended authorities of traditional institutions that have been empowered with additional functions); limited creation (newly-created institutions with restricted opportunity to exercise their discretion); redeployment (utilized and redeployed traditional effective institutions in order to implement new resolution schemes); modified formation (newly-formed institutions that have been modified and adjusted); grafting (grafting the new appropriate elements onto statutory institutional frameworks); transfer (transfer of practices from other domains and markets), and rebuilding (rebuilding functional competences). It is proved that even though policy-makers draw on institutions and logic of actions originally established and developed before the need to respond to new circumstances, they adjust and redesign them to fit and produce a renewed action plan.
Rehabilitation of Industrial Barren in Arctic Region Using Mining Wastes
Authors: Slukovskaya Marina V. , Ivanova Lyubov A. , Kremenetskaya Irina P. , Gorbacheva Tamara T. , Drogobuzhskaya Svetlana V. , Lashchuk Vladimir V. , Markovskaya Evgenia F.
Published: February 2018

Background:

This work has explored the possibility of applying mining waste-based ameliorants for the remediation of soil that has been transformed by copper-nickel smelter emissions by means of forming artificial phytocenosis.

Objective:

The aim of our work was to propose, develop and approbate a technique for the preservation of dumps polluted by heavy metals and prevention of their erosion by creating dense grass covers with the use of wastes from mining and processing enterprises to form a supporting substrate for herbaceous plants.

Methods:

The vegetative cover was cultivated on a supporting medium, consisting of mining waste, with a hydroponic vermiculite substrate and a mix of graminaceous plant seeds, indigenous to the study area and resistant to heavy metal pollution. The mining wastes, used in the experiment, contained acid-neutralizing minerals such as calcium and magnesium carbonate and hydrous magnesium silicate.

Results:

It is shown that, due to a large pool of Ca and Mg, these mineral substrates are alkaline (pH 8.4 – 9.2) and can perform successfully in optimizing of edaphic conditions for the plant communities grown on industrial barrens. In a pilot experiment without a proposed supporting medium, the plants did not form a stable grass cover and had died out by the beginning of the third growing season, whereas the experimental plots with a proposed supporting medium (waste-based substrate) developed a high-quality grass cover by the end of second vegetation seasons.

Conclusion:

The resulting plant communities grown on a proposed supportive medium is find to be resistant to aerotechnogenic pollutants and capable of independent survival, representing the initial stage of progressive succession in the presence of on-going pollution.
Choosing Tree for Urban Fabric: Role of Landscape Architect
Authors: Hasan Ramly , Othman Noriah , Ismail Faridah
Published: February 2018

This study explored the role of landscape architect in choosing trees for urban fabric. Two objectives have been formulated (i) to examine the process in selecting tree species among landscape architects and (ii) to determine the relationship between process and environmental constraints in selecting tree species for urban fabric. The findings showed that certain criteria of the environmental constraints are positively correlated and have strong relationship with tree selection process. The role of landscape architect is pertinent in tree selection. The findings of this research will contribute to process improvement in selecting tree species by landscape architects in the future.
Neighborhood Factors Contributing to the Household Mobility: Apartments in Malaysia
Authors: Hanafi Mohd Hanizun , Mazree Afrina Shaheera , Umar Mohd Umzarulazijo , Ahmad Hakimi
Published: February 2018

The decline in neighbourhood quality results in neighbourhood dissatisfaction which contributes the mobility intention among households. This study aims to investigate the mobility intention among families of low and medium income group in Penang and to examine the potential of neighbourhood attributes in improving their lives by determining the main factors of location as well as social and physical characteristics. The data from the surveys collect with ranking by the calculation of the importance index. The study found households preferred the safe neighbourhood with less crime rate, enough parking spaces, and good security
Psychological Influence towards Health Consumers Intention to use A Malaysia National Web based Health Information Service
Authors: Mohd Tobi Siti Noraini , Masrom Maslin , Kassim Erne Suzila , Wah Yap Bee
Published: February 2018

Drawing upon Health Belief Model, the study investigated the psychological predictors that determine the usage intention of the Malaysian web-based health information service, MyHEALTH Portal. The results of the measurement model show the evidences of outcome expectations and internal cues as the predictors to the portal usage, while external cues was found to be insignificant. The findings would help the Malaysia Ministry of Health in identifying significant psychological factors that influence the portal usage. This would allow them to re-strategize the portal’s marketing and promotional works effectively thus to be maximally used by the public while achieving its long-term goal.
Cognitive Impairment among Young Motorcyclists: A controlled study
Authors: Ali Anila , Mohamad Hussain Roslinah
Published: February 2018

The cognitive assessment of young motorcyclists under high-noise exposure has not been investigated previously. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effects of noise-induced cognitive function and reaction time among undergraduate motorcyclists (aged: 19-25). The study design consisted of experimental (ExG; n=30) and controlled group (CoG; n=30). The ExG performed neuropsychological battery test under motorcycle noise (85-90 dBA) and CoG under controlled laboratory noise (<65 dBA). The result revealed that the CoG had significantly better cognitive performance (p < 0.05) and reaction-time as compared to ExG. The results demonstrated the significant effect of motorcycle noise on decreased cognitive performance and increased reaction time.
States’ Wildlife Tourism Policy Prepares Tourists for Sustainability of Antarctica Tourism?
Authors: Abdullah Nuraisyah Chua , Mohd Shah Rohani
Published: February 2018

The recognition of animal welfare is reflected in national laws and policies to guide tourists and operators in dealing with animals. However, studies portray that tourists are ignorant that wildlife attraction is harmful to animals. This raises the issue as to whether the existing states' laws and regulations of zoos prepare tourists for sustainable tourism and tourism in more delicate destinations like the Antarctic. Using qualitative method, this paper focuses on Malaysia’s development of the Wildlife Conservation Act 2010 and concludes that although the Act improves the condition of animals, it is not the only solution for visitors’ knowledge conversation.
Experience with developing antibiotic stewardship programs in Serbia: potential model for other Balkan countries?
Authors: Kalaba Marija , Kosutic Jovan , Godman Brian , Radonjic Vesela , Vujic Ana , Jankovic Slobodan , Srebro Dragana , Kalaba Zlatko , Stojanovic Radan , Prostran Milica
Published: February 2018

Aim:
Antimicrobial resistance and inappropriate use of antibiotics in children are important issues. Consequently, there is a need to develop comprehensive stewardship programs even in hospitals with limited resources starting with children's hospitals.
Methods:
Retrospective observational analysis of antimicrobial utilization and resistance patterns over 5 years in a tertiary care children's hospital in Serbia.
Results:
Cumulative antimicrobial resistance decreased but was still high, with high cumulative resistance rates among the most widely used antibiotics in the hospital. Total antibiotic use decreased from 2010 to 2014 although there was still high prescribing of reserved antibiotics.
Conclusion:
Concerns with inappropriate use and high resistance rates among some antibiotics used in the hospital are being used to develop guidance on future antibiotic use in this hospital, building on the recently introduced antibiotic stewardship program, as well as encourage other hospitals in Serbia to review their policies.
Evaluation of comparative effectiveness research: a practical tool
Authors: Schaumberg Debra A , McDonald Laura , Shah Surbhi , Stokes Michael , Nordstrom Beth L , Ramagopalan Sreeram V
Published: February 2018

Comparative effectiveness research (CER) guidelines have been developed to direct the field toward the most rigorous study methodologies. A challenge, however, is how to ensure the best evidence is generated, and how to translate methodologically complex or nuanced CER findings into usable medical evidence. To reach that goal, it is important that both researchers and end users of CER output become knowledgeable about the elements that impact the quality and interpretability of CER. This paper distilled guidance on CER into a practical tool to assist both researchers and nonexperts with the critical review and interpretation of CER, with a focus on issues particularly relevant to CER in oncology.
The anthropology of financial intent
Authors: Gilbert Paul Robert
Published: February 2018

Much has been learned about calculation, commodification and marketization from the social studies of markets and finance. But what of capitalization? What is distinctive about this mode of valuation and the reality it impels? What does it mean to live under the ‘asset condition’? In Capitalization: A Cultural Guide, Fabian Muniesa and his colleagues at the Centre de Sociologie de l'Innovation take us on a tour across multiple continents and several centuries, introducing us to capitalization as a ‘cultural syndrome’. Their pragmatist enquiry involves tracing capitalization via the scenarios in which value is created, and the gaze that stimulates such value-creation. The result is a field guide to the terrain of capitalization that integrates anthropological work on the dramaturgy of finance with sociological attention to the technicalities of valuation. The stage is set for further investigation into the uneven distribution of the capacity to capitalize and its consequences.
Voice-induced vowel lengthening
Authors: Scheer Tobias
Published: February 2018

Vowels are longer before sonorants and voiced obstruents than before voiceless obstruents. This pattern is found in many languages and by some is argued to be universal. In some languages it has been phonologized and gives rise to alternations. Three cases are examined: Western Slavic, English and German. In all cases, I argue that the mechanism which modifies vowel duration in a voiced context is phonetic in kind (not phonological), and involves voice-induced lengthening, rather than so-called ‘pre-fortis clipping’. Phonetic length can be phonologized by its inscription into the lexical recording of morphemes. Phonological processes such as (Canadian) raising in English or oo > uu raising in Western Slavic may then take this lexical length as an input. This analysis allows us to keep spontaneous and non-spontaneous voicing truly separate: voicing in sonorants and vowels is never phonologically active, its spreading can only occur in the phonetics (‘passive voicing’ in Laryngeal Realism). A strong argument in favour of this view is the fact that cross-linguistically sonorants appear to always be among the triggers of voice-induced vowel lengthening: there are no cases where vowels lengthen before voiced obstruents, but not before sonorants. This is predicted if lengthening is phonetic, but unexpected if it were phonological: the phonologically active voicing of obstruents should at least sometimes be the only trigger.
Assessment of existing layperson knowledge on the role and use of an AEDs in amateur sports clubs: A systematic review of the literature
Authors: Ryan Paul , Falvey Eanna
Published: February 2018

Introduction: Sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) causes up to 5000 deaths each year in Ireland.  70% of cardiac arrests in Ireland occur out of hospital. Global incidence of out-of-hospital SCA ranges from 20-140/100000 people, and survival ranges from 2%-11%. The large increase in Automated External Defibrillator (AED) distribution and availability has led to an increasing interest into layperson recognition of and response to SCA.Objectives: The purpose of this paper is to systematically review previously conducted studies relating to knowledge, understanding and attitudes among laypersons in relation to the use of an AED in the event of a SCA. This review aims to assess and critically appraise the existing literature relating to this topic on a global level in order to identify future research directions with an aim to improving layperson recognition of and response to SCA.Methods: Studies were identified through an electronic database search in combination with expert recommendation.  A three-step selection process was applied to determine applicability to this review.Results: Ten studies were reviewed and critiqued.  Three themes emerged:Knowledge and understanding of the concept of an AED.Willingness to use an AED in the event of a SCA.Reasons for unwillingness to use an AED in the event of a SCA.Results were compiled and discussed.Conclusion: There is a paucity of literature relating to layperson understanding of AED function and use. The evidence suggests only a minority of laypersons would be confident or willing to use an AED in the event of a nearby SCA. The extent to which an educational intervention could impact upon layperson understanding and confidence in use of an AED is poorly understood at present.Keywords: AED; layperson; public; understanding; attitudes; knowledge; awareness.
Overview and audit against Motor Neurone Disease (MND) Association guidelines of a MND consultant’s practice over the last 3 years at the [Hospital]
Authors: Worku Dominic Adam , Krishna Unnat , Morrison Karen E
Published: February 2018

Background: Motor neurone disease (MND) is an incurable neurodegenerative condition. Recent guidelines from the MND Association UK (MNDA) emphasise prompt diagnosis and monitoring of quality of life (QOL). However, primary literature indicates that diagnosis is often delayed through several factors, including unawareness of how MND presents and delays through multiple secondary referrals. The [hospital] operates an internationally-recognised MND clinic whose service has not been audited against the MNDA UK guidelines for the last 3 years.Aim: To assess how well the MND consultant’s service ensures prompt diagnosis and the provision of end-of-life care or appropriate respiratory or nutritional support.Methods: Using the [hospital’s] database, records from 77 patients consulted consecutively in the MND clinic were obtained. Service parameters were compared against reference standards for diagnostic delay and treatment provision.Results:  84.4% of referrals came from neurologists outside of the MND service, with only 13% from general practitioners. On average, it took 14.7 months for patients to be seen in the MND clinic following symptom onset. Riluzole and percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) were prescribed faster in bulbar-onset versus limb-onset patients, by 4 times and 9 times respectively. End-of-life care discussion was recorded for 26% of patients.Conclusion:    Diagnosing MND remains challenging for primary care physicians, which may be alleviated by disseminating recent Red Flag Committee guidelines. Investigation and treatment provision differed between MND subtypes, given the poorer prognosis associated with bulbar-onset. End-of-life care documentation remains low, which is an issue for the multi-disciplinary team (MDT) to resolve through incorporating palliative services.
Paediatric illness and care: more than just feeling poorly
Authors: Black Rebecca , Harden Jenni , Chin Richard
Published: February 2018

The medical education curriculum in the UK includes a component on understanding and appreciating the psychosocial aspects of illness and care. Yet, children’s own experiences of illness and care are often overlooked. This article explores these neglected experiences and insights through an examination of paediatric epilepsy. The psychosocial implications of being diagnosed and living with epilepsy for children and their families are wide-ranging, affecting physical and emotional wellbeing and involvement in everyday activities, as well as being burdensome to manage and treat. As such, children and their families have to utilize various coping strategies in order to incorporate epilepsy into their lives. Obtaining and appreciating children’s own experiences and perspectives can highlight key challenges for healthcare professionals working with these patients and their families, including recognizing children’s autonomy, effective communication with them, and acknowledging the wider context of children’s lives.
Editorial
Authors: Waddell James F
Published: February 2018

Editorial by Dr. James F. Waddell
Pronunciation Acquisition of the Inflectional Morpheme –ed in English by Nicaraguan Spanish Speakers
Authors: Dávila Angel M.
Published: February 2018

This descriptive non-experimental quantitative study investigated if the pronunciation of the –ed morphemeim proves as the English proficiency level develops. A random sampling design was used to recruit research participants.  A target sample of 48 Nicaraguan English as a foreign language students were chosen from an accessible population (N= 91) to participate in this research.  The participants’ age ranged from 18 to 24, with a mean age of 21 years.  They belonged to three English proficiency levels: high beginners, intermediate, and high intermediate. Findings showed that more advanced English as a Foreign Language learners had a significantly higher pronunciation accuracy on the production of the allomorphs, /t/ and /d/. Their error rate on these two allomorphs was as low as 9% and 8%, respectively. Concerning the /əd, ɪd/ allomorph, no significant differences were found among proficiency levels.  These results were interpreted in view of the Markedness Differential Hypothesis (Eckman, 1977) and the Similarity Differential Rate Hypothesis (Major & Kim, 1996). The trends in the data definitely suggested support for the Similarity Differential Rate Hypothesis which postulates that markedness by itself cannot explain the development of L2 learners as they improve their L2 proficiency level. This study offers implications for the teaching of the three phonological realizations of the -ed past tense inflection.
KAJIAN PROGRAM MAKANAN TAMBAHAN UNTUK ANAK SEKOLAH (PMT-AS) DI BANDUNG
Authors: Rohima Ira Endah
Published: February 2018

Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengkaji kinerja PMT-AS di Bandung, persepsi pihak sekolah mengenai pelaksanaan, manfaat, beban, kebutuhan, dan pelatihan dari PMT-AS, dan persepsi masyarakat mengenai pelaksanaan, manfaat, beban, kebutuhan dari PMT-AS. Desain penelitian ini adalah cross sectional study dan retrospective yang dilaksanakan di Kabupaten dan Kota Bandung. Pengambilan data primer dan sekunder dari responden pihak sekolah dan masyarakat yang berjumlah 54 orang. Pejabat Daerah di Bandung memberikan persepsi bahwa pelaksananan PMT-AS berjalan dengan baik (100%), 75-100% menilai bahwa PMT-AS memberikan manfaat, tidak menjadi beban (50-100%), masih dibutuhkan (100%).Pihak sekolah memberikan persepsi bahwa pelaksanaan PMT-AS berjalan dengan baik (100%), 75-91,7% pihak sekolah menilai bahwa PMT-AS memberikan manfaat (100%), tidak menjadi beban(100%), dan masih dibutuhkan (100%). Masyarakat di Bandung memberikan persepsi bahwa pelaksanaan PMT-AS berjalan dengan baik (100%), memberikan manfaat (90,9-100%), dan tidak menjadi beban (100%) dan masih dibutuhkan (100%).
PERANCANGAN PERANGKAT LUNAK PEMANTAU LOKASI ANAK BERBASIS ANDROID
Authors: Purnama Wanda Gusdya
Published: February 2018

Pada piramida kebutuhan, rasa aman termasuk pada kebutuhan primer, setelah kebutuhan fisiologi (seperti sandang, pangan, dan papan) terpenuhi. Untuk hal jaminan rasa aman, Indonesia bukanlah negara yang terbaik, dan tidak terlalu baik. Berdasarkan data crime index dan safety index yang dikeluarkan oleh Numbeo, Kaum yang paling banyak menjadi target kriminal adalah wanita dan anak-anak. Berbagai langkah pencegahan dilakukan, seperti membekali wanita dan anak-anak dengan kemampuan membela diri. Namun, kadang kemampuan membela diri saja tidak cukup, jika yang dihadapi adalah pelaku tindak kriminal yang berkelompok. Dengan memanfaatkan smartphone dengan sistem operasi android dan location based service, dimungkinkan untuk membuat teknologi pemantauan lokasi anak dan anggota keluarga lainnya dengan menerapkan konsep gamifikasi. Hasil akhir penelitian ini adalah sebuah rancangan perangkat lunak pemantau lokasi anak berbasis android.
PEMILIHAN ALTERNATIF JARINGAN DISTRIBUSI UTAMA (JDU) UNTUK PENGEMBANGAN SPAM REGIONAL DI KABUPATEN SUMEDANG, KABUPATEN MAJALENGKA, KABUPATEN CIREBON DAN KOTA CIREBON
Authors: Afiatun Evi , Wahyuni Sri , Nugraha Ilvan Prasetia
Published: February 2018

Air merupakan kebutuhan pokok bagi kehidupan dan perlu adanya strategi dalam pemenuhannya. Perencanaan ini menggunakan strategi pemenuhan kebutuhan air dengan skema Sistem Penyediaan Air Minum (SPAM) Regional. Sumber air yang digunakan adalah Waduk Jatigede dengan alokasi untuk air minum sebesar 3.500 liter/detik dan berlokasi di Kecamatan Jatigede, Kabupaten Sumedang. Ruang lingkup wilayah dalam kajian ini meliputi 11 (sebelas) Kecamatan dalam 4 (Empat) Kabupaten/ Kota yaitu Kabupaten Sumedang, Kabupaten Majalengka, Kabupaten Cirebon  dan Kota Cirebon yang dalam Rencana Tata Ruang Wilayah (RTRW) memiliki arahan sebagai kawasan perkotaan. Kebutuhan air minum rata-rata di wilayah kajian adalah 1.333,33 liter/detik, kebutuhan air hari maksimum (Qmaks day) adalah 1.466,66 liter/detik, dan kebutuhan jam puncak (Q peak hour) adalah 2.000 liter/detik. Perencanaan sistem Jaringan Distribusi Utama (JDU) disimulasikan dengan menggunakan aplikasi EPANET 2.0. Perencanaan Reservoir dan offtake memperhitungkan cakupan pelayanan yang akan dilayani. Perencanaan jaringan distribusi menggunakan 2 (dua) alternatif. Alternatif pertama menggunakan dua jenis pipa berbeda serta tidak menggunakan Bak Pelepas Tekan (BPT). Sedangkan, alternatif kedua menggunakan satu jenis pipa dan menggunakan Bak Pelepas Tekan (BPT). Berdasarkan analisis perbandingan kedua alternatif tersebut, terpilih alternatif kedua dengan mempertimbangkan segi ekonomis dan hidrolis lebih efektif.
RANCANG BANGUN SISTEM ELECTROSPINNING UNTUK MENSINTESIS NANOFIBER POLIVINIL ALKOHOL DAN KARAKTERISASINYA
Authors: Santosa Aa , Widianto Eri , Restianto Ferry
Published: February 2018

Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang rancang bangun sistem electrospinning untuk mensintesis nanofiber polivinil alkohol (PVA) dan karakterisasinya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah membuat electrospinning dengan memodifikasi syringe pump yang dapat bergerak kanan-kiri. Mesin electrospinning dibuat dari komponen-komponen yang mudah diperoleh. Pengujian electrospinning dilakukan dengan mensintesis nanofiber dari polimer PVA. Karakterisasi nanofiber PVA menggunakan Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), hasil karakterisasi menggunakan SEM menunjukan ukuran diameter rata-rata nanofiber sebesar (151,26  ± 27,47078) nm dan (152,89  ± 17,0341) nm masing-masing untuk jarak needle ke collector 15 cm dan 12 cm. Hasil menunjukan bahwa mesin electrospinning yang dibuat dapat menghasilkan serat (fiber) dengan ukuran nanometer.
Normas sobre construção de estabelecimentos assistenciais de saúde no Brasil e a enfermagem
Authors: Bover Draganov Patricia , Sanna Maria Cristina
Published: February 2018

Introdução: A Resolução de Diretoria Colegiada no50 (RDC50), regulamenta a construção de Estabelecimentos Assistenciais de Saúde (EAS) desde 2002, porém houve versões anteriores. Objetivo: Descrever as transformações ocorridas nas normas de construção de EAS, de 1974 a 2002, considerando a Enfermagem. Método: Estudo histórico documental, sobre as legislações de espaços físicos de EAS no Brasil. Resultados: A primeira norma sobre a construção do Hospital Geral, de 1974, teve enfermeiras como protagonistas. Em 1977 vigorou Portaria no 400, com ênfase nas áreas de atendimento, tendo a Enfermagem destaque. Em 1995, surgiu a Portaria 1884. O “posto de enfermagem”, passou a ser destinado também a médicos e os consultórios foram designados como indiferenciados. A Constituição Federal e a Política HumanizaSUS influenciaram a RDC50, consolidando a multiprofissionalidade. Conclusão: As normas para a construção de EAS afetaram a distribuição espacial para acomodar o trabalho multiprofissional, com perda de espaços antes destinados à Enfermagem
Proposta de redução de estoque excedente de um complexo hospitalar de alta complexidade
Authors: Pereira Patricia Mora , Selingardi Roberta
Published: February 2018

Estima-se que de 35 a 45% do orçamento total do hospital é associado a administração de materiais, ou seja, quase 50% dos recursos financeiros são destinados aos materiais e medicamentos da organização, sendo a gestão desse estoque um processo importante para uma gestão estratégica voltada para a redução de custos. Estoques sem consumo e sem rotatividade na organização de saúde são considerados excedentes, pois permanecem por um longo tempo na organização, não possuem giro de estoque e não geram lucro e nem retorno ao investimento realizado, podendo se transformar em perda por obsolescência ou perecibilidade. Desta forma, este estudo teve como principal objetivo identificar se existe estoque excedente de materiais e medicamentos em um complexo hospitalar de alta complexidade e propor planos de ação com o intuito de minimizar possíveis perdas por perecibilidade. Ao considerar o objeto de investigação, optou-se por realizar um estudo descritivo, exploratório com a utilização da abordagem quantitativa e qualitativa de pesquisa. Em um primeiro momento, foram coletados dados sobre a movimentação dos insumos no estoque, quantificando-os e qualificando-os por meio da Curva ABC para os fins pretendidos, sendo esta a abordagem quantitativa. Do mesmo modo, em um segundo momento, também foram levantadas informações referentes a gestão de estoque, por meio de relatos dos colaboradores e de um estudo observacional com o intuito de mapear os gaps do processo, sendo esta segunda abordagem definida como qualitativa. Os resultados mostraram que 710 insumos dos grupos medicamento e material médico hospitalar possuíam estoque excedente, entretanto, apenas 80 insumos foram classificados como A, ou seja, correspondiam a 80% do valor total de estoque destes grupos. Assim, foram propostos planos de ação para os 80 insumos visando a sua redução imediata. Além disso, também foram identificados, por meio da ferramenta fluxograma, os principais gaps do processo de gestão de estoque com posterior sugestão de melhoria para o processo e propostas de ação para prevenir a formação futura de estoque excedente. A formação de estoque excedente está atrelada a muitas variáveis, entretanto, embora seja uma gestão de difícil controle, o complexo hospitalar preza pela excelência e busca a melhoria contínua dos seus processos, de forma que têm interferido de maneira significativa nessas variáveis, por meio do uso de ferramentas e sistemas de gestão de estoque, reduzindo assim seus custos e proporcionando uma assistência ao paciente com mais segurança e qualidade.
Cuidados paliativos em atenção domiciliar: uma revisão bibliográfica
Authors: Vasconcelos Gabriella Belém , Pereira Patrícia Mora
Published: February 2018

Introdução: Os cuidados paliativos são definidos pela OMS como uma abordagem terapêutica que promove qualidade de vida e alívio do sofrimento aos pacientes e seus familiares que enfrentam problemas associados às doenças que ameaçam a continuidade da vida. A realização de cuidados paliativos em ambiente domiciliar favorece a aplicação dos princípios de cuidados paliativos, contribui para a redução da ansiedade do paciente e de seus familiares, possibilita o empoderamento da família no cuidado, além de colaborar para a redução da demanda por atendimentos hospitalares e dos custos em saúde em, aproximadamente, 50%. Objetivos: Elaborar uma proposta de serviço de cuidados paliativos em atenção domiciliar. Método: Revisão bibliográfica e reuniões com especialistas em cuidados paliativos e operadoras de saúde. Resultados: Os resultados alcançados possibilitaram compreender o conceito da abordagem de cuidados paliativos e suas peculiaridades, além de identificar os recursos físicos e humanos necessários para o estabelecimento de um serviço de cuidados paliativos em atenção domiciliar. Conclusão: Uma equipe especializada e bem treinada pode ser considerada como a essência de um serviço de cuidados paliativos, assim a maior parte dos recursos financeiros devem ser aportadas inicialmente neste sentido. Além disso, apesar da existência de guias e manuais que auxiliam compreensão e estruturação de serviços desse tipo, ainda são necessárias adaptações nas ferramentas utilizadas para avaliação da performance paliativa, considerando o perfil de pacientes em internação domiciliar.Palavras-chave: cuidados paliativos; assistência domiciliar; administração em saúde.
Dos gramíneas exóticas con potencial invasor nuevas en la provincia de Huelva
Authors: Sánchez Gullón Enrique , Muñoz Rodríguez Adolfo F.
Published: February 2018

Se citan dos gramíneas exóticas con potencial invasor nuevas en la provincia de Huelva
Note sur quelques plantes vasculaires nouvelles pour l’Anti-Atlas occidental (Maroc)
Authors: Chambouleyron Mathieu , Benrahmoune Idrissi Zined
Published: February 2018

Note sur quelques plantes vasculaires nouvelles pour l’Anti-Atlas occidental (Maroc).
Novedades para la flora de la provincia de Ciudad Real (Castilla-La Mancha)
Authors: Martínez Labarga Juan Manuel
Published: February 2018

Se añaden cinco especies al catálogo florístico de la provincia de Ciudad Real y se confirma una en el listado de Guadalajara, además se muestran para las especies consideradas algunas otras referencias corológicas en otras provincias próximas.Para otras dos especies, que estaban citadas previamente de forma imprecisa en Ciudad Real, se ratifica su presencia con localidades concretas.Por último se muestra para cada una de los taxones considerados su grado de amenaza en el territorio, según los criterios de la UICN (2012).
GPS Technology and Human Psychological Research: A Methodological Proposal
Authors: Wolf Pedro S. A. , Jacobs W. Jake
Published: February 2018

Animal behaviorists have made extensive use of GPS technology since 1991. In contrast, psychological research has made little use of the technology, even though the technology is relatively inexpensive, familiar, and widespread. Hence, its potential for pure and applied psychological research remains untapped. We describe three methods psychologists could apply to individual differences research, clinical research, or spatial use research. In the context of individual differences research, GPS technology permits us to test hypotheses predicting specific relations among patterns of spatial use and individual differences variables. In a clinical context, GPS technology provides outcome measures that may relate to the outcome of interventions designed to treat psychological disorders that, for example, may leave a person homebound (e.g. Agoraphobia, PTSD, TBI). Finally, GPS technology provides natural measures of spatial use. We, for example, used GPS technology to quantify traffic flow and exhibit use at the Arizona Sonora Desert Museum. Interested parties could easily extend this methodology some aspects of urban planning or business usage.  DOI:10.2458/azu_jmmss_v1i1_wolf
A Social Relations Model for the Colonial Behavior of the Zebra Finch
Authors: Figueredo Aurelio José , Olderbak Sally Gayle , Moreno Vanya Alessandra
Published: February 2018

A social relations model was developed for 5 years of behavioral recordings from a captive colony of Zebrafinches (Taeniopygia guttata). A quantitative ethogram was applied, using one-zero focal animal sampling on an ethologically comprehensive checklist of 52 behavioral items (Figueredo, Petrinovich, & Ross, 1992). Of the 9 ethological factors previously identified, only 4 of the 6 social factors (Social Proximity, Social Contact, Social Submission, and Social Aggression) were used. Major results were as follows: (1) Individual finches showed systematically different response dispositions that were stable over a 5-year period as both subjects and objects of behavior; (2) Interactions between finches differed systematically by the sexes of both the subjects and the objects of behavior; (3) Behavioral interactions between finches and their mates differed systematically according to the subjects' sex, but also differed systematically from those with other members of the objects' sex; (4) Behavioral interactions between finches and their relatives differed systematically between different discrete categories of relatives, but did not vary as a systematic function of either graded genetic relatedness or familiarity due to common rearing; and (5) Behavioral interactions between finches and their relatives showed an overall bias towards preferential interactions with male relatives. DOI:10.2458/azu_jmmss_v1i1_figueredo
Lost and Found, Letters and Methods: Assessing Attitudes toward Chiropractic and Medical Care
Authors: Kern Hannah , Yeaton William H.
Published: February 2018

Attitudes toward traditional and chiropractic medicine were compared using Milgram's lost letter technique. A total of 192 letters were placed on the windshields of vehicles in parking lots at six restaurants and department stores in each of four quadrants of a medium-sized, Southeastern city. These letters were addressed to "Admissions" at either a fictitious Institute of Medicine or Institute of Chiropractic Care. Return addresses included either a male or a female name. Thus, those who found a lost letter were faced with the option of returning or not returning a letter from either a male or a female, addressed to an Institute of traditional or non-traditional medicine. After examining previous studies which had used the lost letter technique, numerous methodological improvements were implemented. For example, letters were randomly assigned to potential drop spots for each of 24 study locations (six study locations in each of four city quadrants), and a Latin square design was used to control for possible order effects in the four study conditions that were implemented. Nearly 65% of the letters (124 of 192) were returned. We found: 1) letters addressed to a fictitious Institute of Chiropractic Care were just as likely to be returned as those addressed to a fictitious Institute of Medicine; 2) letters with female return addresses were as likely to be returned as those with male return addresses; 3) there was no interaction between study conditions; 4) based on what was essentially a replication study, a comparison of the pattern of returns using the first and second cycle of lost letters (n = 96 for each cycle) revealed an equivalent pattern of no-difference findings. DOI:10.2458/azu_jmmss_v1i1_kern
Use of Item Response Theory to Examine a Cardiovascular Health Knowledge Measure for Adolescents with Elevated Blood Pressure
Authors: Fitzpatrick Stephanie L. , Saab Patrick G. , Llabre Maria M. , Penfield Randall , McCalla Judith R. , Schneiderman Neil
Published: February 2018

The purpose of this study was to assess the psychometric properties of a cardiovascular health knowledge measure for adolescents using item response theory. The measure was developed in the context of a cardiovascular lifestyle intervention for adolescents with elevated blood pressure. Sample consisted of 167 adolescents (mean age = 16.2 years) who completed the Cardiovascular Health Knowledge Assessment (CHKA), a 34-item multiple choice test, at baseline and post-intervention. The CHKA was unidimensional and internal consistency was .65 at pretest and .74 at posttest. Rasch analysis results indicated that at pretest the items targeted adolescents with variable levels of health knowledge. However, based on results at posttest, additional hard items are needed to account for the increase in level of cardiovascular health knowledge at post-intervention. Change in knowledge scores was examined using Rasch analysis. Findings indicated there was significant improvement in health knowledge over time [t(119) = -10.3, p< .0001]. In summary, the CHKA appears to contain items that are good approximations of the construct cardiovascular health knowledge and items that target adolescents with moderate levels of knowledge.  DOI:10.2458/azu_jmmss_v3i1_fitzpatrick
Lingual Domination in Tourism Discourse: A CDA Study
Authors: Laba I Nengah , Riana I Ketut , Budiarsa Made , Pastika I Wayan
Published: February 2018

This study examines tourism discourse in the national print media to answer a research question of how lingual domination is presented in the tourism discourse. This study uses a method of qualitative research methodology. The approach in this study is a phenomenological approach using the phenomenon of the use of language in national printed media. The grand theories used in this research is the theory of critical discourse analysis proposed by van Leeuwen (2005 ; 2008) and lingual domination by Burton (2008 ; 2012) with a supporting theory of Critical Discourse Analysis proposed by Fairclough (1989; 1995). The research results of this study indicate that lingual domination in tourism discourse show social effects on 1) attitude change; 2) cognitive change; 3) collective reactions; 4) personal reactions; 5) agenda setting; 6) socialization; 7) social control; 8 ) defining reality; and 9) endorsement of dominant ideology.