bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Numerical Simulation of the Influencing Factors of Array Jet Shock Cooling
Authors: Zhou Nianyong , Zhou Youxin , Zhao Yingjie , Bao Qingguo , Tang Guanghua , Lv Wenyu
Published: April 2024

Array jet impingement cooling is a significant technology of enhanced heat dissipation which is fit for high heat flux flow with large area. It is gradually applied to the cooling of electronic devices. However, The researches on the nozzle array mode and the uniformity of cooling surface still have deficiencies. Therefore, the influence of heat flux, inlet temperature, jet height, array mode and diversion structure on jet impingement cooling performance and temperature distribution uniformity is analyzed by means of numerical calculation. The results show that the heat transfer coefficient of jet impingement cooling increases linearly with the increment of heat flux and inlet temperature. With the increment of the ratio of jet height to nozzle diameter (H/d), the heat transfer coefficient increases first and then decreases, that is, there is an optimal H/d, which makes the heat transfer performance of the array jet impact cooling best. The temperature uniformity of array jet impact cooling is greatly affected by array mode. The improvement effect of nozzle array mode on temperature uniformity is ranked as sequential > staggered > shield > elliptical array. The overall temperature uniformity and heat transfer coefficient are increased by 5.88% and 7.29% compared with elliptical array. The heat transfer performance can be further improved by adding a flow channel to the in-line array layout, in which the heat transfer coefficient is increased by 6.53% and the overall temperature uniformity is increased by 1.45%.
A simple 90° hybrid branchline coupler with wideband phase balance for 5G applications
Authors: Ünal Ümit Can , Karaçuha Kamil , İmeci Sehabeddin Taha
Published: April 2024

A 90° hybrid coupler operating at a central frequency of 5.40 GHz is introduced, offering high-performance characteristics with compact dimensions of 616.65 mm² (33.3 mm × 18.5 mm). These features are achieved while maintaining a design that makes it easy to produce. The unique aspect of this microstrip FR4 substrate-based design is the consistent S-parameters, which remain steady despite changes in structural dimensions, thereby making it adaptable to fabrication variations. The reported S-parameters measured in 5.4 GHz are as follows: |S11|= –29.46 dB, |S21|= –4.11 dB, |S31|= –3.96 dB, and |S41|= –21.23 dB. This hybrid coupler operates over a bandwidth of 0.8 GHz (16%), demonstrating remarkable performance within this spectrum. In addition to its design, the coupler exhibits robust resilience against changes in substrate parameters and structural dimensions, ensuring reliability during the fabrication process. Following thorough simulation studies, a physical prototype of the coupler was constructed and subjected to laboratory measurements. The experimental results align closely with the simulation data, validating the accuracy and predictability of the design. In comparison with other studies and designs documented in the literature, this compact, high-performance 90° hybrid coupler exhibits clear advantages in terms of size, isolation, phase deviation, and structural complexity. Therefore, the benefits and applicability of this presented structure in the context of microwave circuits and systems are underscored. It’s noteworthy to mention that the central frequency of 5.4 GHz falls within the sub-6 GHz 5G band range.
A Ku band low-voltage and low-power CMOS low-noise amplifier with bulk isolation techniques
Authors: Guo Zifeng , Liu Jian
Published: April 2024

In this paper, a broadband(12-18G) low-noise amplifier (LNA) using 65-nm CMOS technology for satellite communication is presented. This LNA was designed in a cascode common source with inductive degeneration topology. In addition, the bulk isolation technique is employed to make the proposed LNA have a higher gain. Furthermore, a two-stage cascaded configuration combined with inductive parallel peaking technology is utilized to make the LNA achieve a wide operating band. For validation, we design this LNA in a 65nm CMOS technology. The simulated results show that S21 of 17.7dB ± 0.5dB, the input/output return loss of -10dB to -33dB and -12dB to -23dB, respectively. It offers the minimum noise figure (NF) performance of 3.33dB, reverse isolation(S12) better than 60dB, and third-order input point (IIP3) of -22.8 dBm obtained over the band of interest. Excluding the output buffer stage, the LNA is consuming 5.1 mW at a supply voltage of 0.8V and its layout area occupies 0.205 mm2.
Performance enhancement of band-pass FIR filter-based M-class phasor estimation
Authors: Kumar Mukesh , Kumar M. Senthil
Published: April 2024

The paper presents the performance enhancement of band-pass filter-based M-class phasor estimation. The performance of the M-class phasor estimation using a band-pass FIR filter is enhanced with a magnitude correction factor for the off-nominal frequency range. The band-pass filter is implemented for the phasor estimation with various window functions Tukey, Rife Vincent class-I order-2 (RV2), Hamming, Hanning, Blackman, and Flat-top (FT) and its performance are evaluated under the steady and dynamic state tests prescribed by the standard. A rigorous performance analysis of enhanced phasor estimation using band-pass FIR filter with various window functions is presented with the accuracy indices of total vector error (TVE), frequency error (FE), and rate of change of frequency error (RFE). The result analysis reveals that the performance enhanced phasor estimation using band-pass FIR filter offers significantly less error than reported work at the low sampling rate. The design and performance analysis of the phasor estimation using the band-pass FIR filter is performed in the MATLAB platform.
A EFICIÊNCIA TRIBUTÁRIA: UMA ANÁLISE DAS CARACTERÍSTICAS ORÇAMENTÁRIAS EM FRANCISCÓPOLIS-MG, DE 2013 A 2022
Authors: Melquiades Isac , Neiva Laíz Ribeiro , Silva Edimilson Eduardo da , Santos Ciro Meneses
Published: April 2024

Objetivo: Investigar o nível de a Eficiência Tributária/Esforço Fiscal em Franciscópolis-MG durante o período de 2013 a 2022, visando obter conhecimento a partir da observação da alocação de recursos financeiros em um município de pequeno porte, seus principais desafios e oportunidades no gasto público.
Referencial teórico: Apresenta-se revisão teórica sobre as características orçamentárias e Eficiência Tributária/Esforço Fiscal.
Método: Adotou-se estudo de caso, caracterizado por sua natureza quantitativa e descritiva, com uso de dados secundários, por meio de uma pesquisa documental em base do Sistema de Informações Contábeis e Fiscais do Setor Público Brasileiro - SICONF, Plataforma digital da Secretaria do Tesouro Nacional (Brasil, 2023) e do Tribunal de Contas do Estado de Minas Gerais (TCE/MG), por meio do portal “Fiscalizando com o TCE”.
Resultados e conclusão: Os dados revelaram que em média, no período de 2013 a 2022, ocorreu um superávit de execução orçamentária, corrente e de capital. Destaca-se também que a fronteira da máxima de produção de impostos pelas despesas correntes e de capital, ou seja, a eficiência tributária/esforço fiscal, ocorreram somente no ano de 2020.
Implicações da pesquisa: Pesquisa sobre as características orçamentárias do município de Franciscópolis-MG no período de 2013 a 2022 possui implicações significativas para diversos setores e atores envolvidos. Em primeiro lugar, as informações fornecidas podem ser valiosas para os gestores públicos locais, fornecendo percepções sobre a eficiência tributária/esforço fiscal das políticas fiscais adotadas e orientando decisões futuras para otimizar a alocação de recursos.
Originalidade/valor: A originalidade desta pesquisa está no fato do seu foco recair sobre contexto específico de um município de pequeno porte, sendo certo que o uso de técnicas de análise (quocientes sobre o balanço financeiro e análise envoltória de dados -DEA) contribuem para o valor do trabalho na medida em que viabiliza o entendimento prático e acadêmico das dinâmicas orçamentárias para gestores públicos, cidadãos e a para a comunidade acadêmica.
On Local Governments Ombudsman in Turkey: A Comparative Analysis with the Local Governments Ombudsman in Uk and Italy
Authors: Doğan Kadir Caner , Parlak Bekir
Published: April 2024

Objective: The Ombudsman is essentially an independent, national-level institution that operates in response to complaints from citizens in order to steer public administrations away from bad administrative practices and behavior. However, it is impossible for an ombudsman with such a broad mandate at the national level to deal with all administrative complaints within the state. Therefore, in order to get more efficiency from the national Ombudsman, it has been divided into different sub-types.
 
Theoretical Framework: One of these is the Ombudsman for local governmentrs, which deals only with complaints from local administrations. Although there is a national ombudsman in Turkey, there is no ombudsman specialized in local governments.
 
Method: This study aims to make some suggestions for the Ombudsman for local governments envisaged to be established in Turkey in the future by analyzing the local governments ombudsman offices in the UK and Italy in terms of their structural-institutional and functional aspects. In this context, the study, with a comparative approach, provides suggestions for the basic aspects, qualities and characteristics of the Turkish local government ombudsman and, thus, for its structural-institutional and functional aspects. The method of the research is literature review.
 
Results and Discussion: According to the results of this research; Establishing an ombudsman for local governments in Turkey by law, cooperating with other ombudsmen in the vicinity, examining and correcting the mismanagement and bad behavior of local governments upon public demand, ensuring easy and cheap access, fulfilling their duties, and quickly and systematically addressing the faults of local governments. Warning, making suggestions, preparing reports and then reporting the situation to local decision-making boards and the public will be effective in providing public services more effectively and efficiently and strengthening local democracy.
 
Originality/value: In the study, original suggestions are made for local government ombudsman in Turkey, based on the examples of UK and Italy.
Infusing Mental Health in Design Education: A Case Study on Transdisciplinarity and Empathy as Mediums for Innovation
Authors: Hadjiyanni Tasoulla , Davies Kira , Akers Quynh
Published: April 2024

Riane Eisler’s partnership model capitalizes on mutual respect and benefit to empower all relations, an approach that is instrumental to teaching around mental health. Many of the thoughts, urges or behaviors associated with Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) revolve around spatial characteristics of interior built environments. Yet little has been studied on how to infuse such complex problems into design education, which can transform the lives of patients and their families in ways that are both sensitive to students as well as empowering. This paper uses a series of introspections to unpack the lessons learned from a transdisciplinary partnership between an interior design and a product design faculty member who, through a product design studio course, tackled the challenge of designing for youth living with OCD.
Three primary themes of reflections and lessons are analyzed: transdisciplinarity, empathy, and course structure. As the analysis reveals, future pedagogical efforts on transdisciplinarity must account for fit - from course objectives to timeline – along with the time and energy needed; a more nuanced approach to empathy must be adopted where the possibility to overwhelm and instill fear in students are balanced with innovation; and fusing research into the design curriculum and course structure must be situated within a more fluid process and also centered on outcomes.
Artist's Statement: Grief
Authors: Bauer Sara
Published: April 2024

Artist statement for the cover art of IJPS Volume 10, Issue 2: Grief, Paper and mixed media.
Effects of AI-Based Personalized Education on the Rural Students’ Math Learning Skills
Authors:   Gyeongin National University of Education, Whang Jee-you , Lee Chul-Hyun
Published: April 2024

This study was conducted to propose customized learning methods based on artificial intelligence as an option to bridge the learning gap caused by COVID-19 and strengthen the learners' self-learning methods, as well as verify their effectiveness. In particular, the study was conducted with the aim of ensuring high-quality public education with AI technology in rural areas, where educational infrastructure is insufficient. The AI-based customized learning assistance consisted of an AI diagnostic assessment to examine the level of understanding of the prerequisite concepts before starting a study unit, AI-based problem recommendations on learning by the level, and AI assessment and supplementary learning aid at the end of the unit. Before and after conducting of the study, the math academic achievement, math learning attitude, and math self-directed learning ability were tested to examine the effectiveness of the program.The results of the data analysis showed that AI-customized math learning had a positive effect on improving the math academic achievement, learning attitude, and self-directed learning ability. However, it is still limited as to fragmented learning based on problem solving, and it is necessary to explore the AI education practices which would support continuous and integrated growth of math learners.
Effect of Science Textbooks Which Reflect the Perspective of Gender Equality on the Perception of Science Careers and the Image of a Scientist among Elementary School Students
Authors:   Gyeongin National University of Education, Chae Hee-in
Published: April 2024

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of science textbooks which reflect the perspective of gender equality on the elementary school students' perceptions of science careersand scientist image. To conduct the study, students in the third grade were taught using textbooks written mostly by male scientists as a comparative class. The experimental class was taughtusing textbooks written by similar ratios of male and female scientists. Then, the impact was analyzed a month later. As a result, there was a statistically significant difference in the perceptionof scientific career paths among the students in the experimental and comparative classes, indicating that students who studied using the science textbooks which reflected the perspectiveof gender equality had a more positive perception of scientific career paths than those who used books written predominantly by male scientists. The results of the examination of thescientist’s image showed no statistically significant difference, yet in the experimental class, the proportion of the students who drew male scientists decreased, and the proportion of studentswho drew female scientists increased, which did not happen in the comparative class, where the proportion of the students who drew male scientists increased, and the proportion of students who drew female scientists decreased. Based on the results of the study on the impact of science textbooks on the students' perceptions, suggestions were given to further revise the 2022 revised elementary school science textbook currently being developed.
Study on of Human Rights Content in the Moral and Social Studies Curriculum in Elementary School: Focus on the 2015 and 2022 Revised Curriculum
Authors:   Gyeongin National University of Education, Kim Wan-Su
Published: April 2024

Human rights are a key topic in elementary school Moral and Social Studies. However, the problem of deductions was continuously raised between the two subjects, including their contentsystem table and achievement standards. Therefore, this study examined the justification for the independent operation of human rights education as a part of the Moral and Social Studies,which play a key role in school human rights education. To do that, the contents and the achievement standards related to human rights were analyzed in the 2015 and 2022 elementary school Moral and Social Studies Curriculum. And, it showcased the core of human rights education pursued in both subjects, focusing on human rights sensitive nature and human rights judgment. Finally, the research suggested the direction of the human rights education in elementary schools centered on the Moral and Social Studies.
Reconstruyendo el vínculo social: lo comunitario en tiempos globalizados
Authors: Torres-Carrillo Alfonso
Published: April 2024

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OCORRÊNCIA DE INDICAÇÕES FARMACOLÓGICAS NÃO RECOMENDADAS POR ESTÁGIOS NA ENDOMETRIOSE E IMPACTO NO QUADRO DE ANSIEDADE POR PERSISTÊNCIA DE SINTOMAS
Authors: Oliveira Heloiza Cruz de , Packer Maria Helena , Poerner Bruna Maurício , Miano Maria Antônia Schumacher , Becker Gabriela , Mandarino Yasmin Ramalho , Pinto Luciano Henrique , De-Lima Daniela Delwing
Published: April 2024

Introdução: Endometriose é uma patologia pélvica crônica de caráter inflamatório e estrogênio-dependente. Manifesta-se em quatro tipos de estágio (EI, EII, EIII e EIV), caracterizados pelos números de lesões. Tem indicações farmacológicas recomendadas se baseadas nos estágios, sendo EI/EII sintomático com AINES e/ou uso de anticonceptivos de uso contínuo; e EIII/EIV com fármacos análogos de GnRH. O estilo de vida dessas mulheres é impactado pela dor, que altera a rotina e vida afetivo/sexual contribuindo para quadros de ansiedade. O presente estudo se norteia pela questão “qual impacto na ansiedade de mulheres com endometriose, quando não ocorrem indicações farmacológicas recomendadas para os estágios que se encontra? Logo, o objetivo deste estudo é avaliar os efeitos do tratamento medicamentoso não recomendado e risco de ansiedade. Metodologia: Levantamento de pacientes com diagnóstico de Endometriose, cadastradas no Banco de Dados do Projeto agrupadas em estágios de tratamentos farmacológicos similares (EI/EII e EIII/EIV). O relato de ansiedade, com diagnóstico médico e pós endometriose foi a variável dependente em estudo. As variáveis independentes (ou influenciadoras) foram [1] Estágio da doença, [2] Farmacoterapia recomendada (FR) ou não (FNR) e [3] esquema medicamentoso empregado (classes e combinações). Estatística feitas por chi quadrado e Fischer. Resultados: Do total de 375 mulheres, 274 apresentavam ansiedade. Destas, 170 estavam no grupo IFR; sendo 141 no agrupamento EI/EII, e 29 mulheres no EIII/EIV. No que se refere ao grupo IFNR, teve se um n=104 mulheres, sendo apenas 1 nos EI/EII e 103 nos EIII/EIV. Os casos de FNR estão mais presentes em EIII/EIV, com 90% dos casos (IC 95%, p<0,05). O esquema terapêutico mais presente foi AINEs em monoterapia, sendo 65% (IC 95%, p<0,05) em Estágio inadequado. Notou-se uma correlação positiva entre FNR e quadros de ansiedade, principalmente quando se empregava a monoterapia com AINEs (IC 95%, p<0,05). Conclusão: Dificuldades de acesso a especialistas para diagnóstico e aos medicamentos do EIII/EIV podem ser as causas, que serão investigadas em estudos futuros.
AKUNTANSI HIJAU UNTUK MENCAPAI KINERJA LINGKUNGAN: MANAJEMEN ENERGI SEBAGAI VARIABEL MEDIASI
Authors: Pujangga Abdillah  , Cindy Getah Trisna June  , Arif Rahman  , Szabyna Regytha Aura Gunawan
Published: April 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh strategi akuntansi hijau terhadap kinerja lingkungan dan mengeksplorasi manajemen energi sebagai mediasi antara akuntansi hijau dan kinerja lingkungan Usaha Mikro, Kecil dan Menengah (UMKM). Data penelitian dikumpulkan dari 278 UMKM di Jawa Timur Indonesia melalui kuesioner online dan offline. Analisis data dilakukan dengan SEM AMOS. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa akuntansi hijau UMKM berpengaruh terhadap kinerja lingkungan, dan terbukti bahwa manajemen energi UMKM memediasi pengaruh akuntansi hijau terhadap kinerja lingkungan UMKM. Orisinalitas penelitian ini adalah pengembangan instrumen penelitian yang menggabungkan dari berbagai sumber peneliti terdahulu, standar GRI, dan Peraturan Pemerintah Indonesia sehingga dapat memberikan kontribusi literatur Akuntansi hijau dan kontribusi praktis kepada UMKM dan institusi terkait dalam menentukan strategi kinerja lingkungan. Implikasi penelitian ini mendukung tujuan Sustainability Development Goals (SDGs) Pemerintah Indonesia mengenai SDGs Goal nomor 12 Konsumsi dan produksi yang bertanggung jawab. Pemerintah perlu menetapkan kebijakan pengelolaan energi untuk memperbaiki permasalahan lingkungan hidup. Implikasi penelitian kedepannya dapat mengumpulkan data yang lebih besar dan dapat membandingkan UMKM antar negara berkembang. Oleh karena itu, UMKM perlu menetapkan akuntansi hijau yang strategis sehingga berdampak pada kinerja lingkungan.
KEPATUHAN WAJIB PAJAK DITINJAU DARI KESADARAN WAJIB PAJAK, LAYANAN SAMSAT, DAN PEMUTIHAN
Authors: Nihlah Sailin , Suhadi Suhadi , Husnurrosyidah Husnurrosyidah , Nurhayati Nurhayati
Published: April 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan menguji pengaruh kesadaran wajib pajak, layanan SAMSAT keliling, dan pemutihan PKB terhadap kepatuhan wajib pajak kendaraan bermotor di SAMSAT Kudus. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Sumber data yang digunakan adalah data primer yang diperoleh dari kuesioner yang dibagikan kepada 100 wajib pajak kendaraan bermotor yang sedang melakukan pembayaran di SAMSAT Kudus. Pegumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik accidental sampling. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kesadaran wajib pajak dan layanan SAMSAT keliling berpengaruh positif terhadap kepatuhan wajib pajak. Sedangkan, pemutihan PKB berpengaruh negatif terhadap kepatuhan wajib pajak. Pemerintah harus melakukan penyuluhan tentang pentingnya membayar pajak, menambah jam layanan dan juga lokasi pelayanan SAMSAT keliling, memberikan sanksi tegas kepada wajib pajak yang tidak patuh.
Environmental Racism in Nigeria’s Niger Delta: An Ethical Appraisal
Authors: Ikeke Mark Omorovie
Published: April 2024

Nigeria’s Niger Delta is plagued by serious environmental problems. These environmental problems include oil spillage, pollution, deforestation, biodiversity destruction, and so forth. Many of the environmental problems in the Niger Delta arise from the anthropogenic activities of multinational oil companies. While these environmental problems, which have caused widespread environmental degradation, are well discussed in light of environmental justice, the reality—that these problems are also precipitated by environmental racist attitudes and practices—is not receiving just attention. This article argues that the environmental problems in the Niger Delta should be seen from the perspective of environmental racism. Through critical hermeneutics and analytic methods, the article shows that what is taking place in the Niger Delta can be called environmental racism. The Niger Delta peoples and cultures have disproportionately suffered from the burden and effects of oil exploration and exploitation activities. Many practices taking place in the Niger Delta, such as gas flaring, use of obsolete oil equipment, and so forth, will not be tolerated in Western countries where the headquarters of multinational oil companies are located. The article finds that unacceptable levels of environmental racism are taking place in the Niger Delta. The article concludes that there is a need to promote environmental justice and mitigate the environmental problems in the Niger Delta.
Pengaruh Suhu Pasteurisasi Dengan Menggunakan Metode Ohmic Heating Terhadap Karakteristik Minuman Fungsional Sari Buah Jeruk Lemon
Authors: Ikrawan Yusep , Rukmamana Jaka , Gozali Thomas , Triani Rini , Salam Wildan Qoharisma
Published: April 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh suhu pada proses pasteurisasi metode ohmic heating terhadap terhadap karakteristik kimia, fisik, mikrobiologi, dan ogranoleptik pada sari buah lemon. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode regresi linier sederhana dengan aplikasi SPSS versi 25. Pengambilan keputusan uji regresi linier sederhana dapat mengacu pada dua hal yaitu membandingkan nilai signifikansi dengan nilai probabilitas 5%. Respon dalam penelitian ini meliputi respon kimia adalah kadar protein. Respon fisik yang dilakukan meliputi warna menggunakan metode colorimetri, viskositas, dan berat jenis. Respon mikrobiologi meliputi total plate count (TPC). Respon organoleptik yaitu uji hedonik aroma, rasa, dan aftertaste. Berdasarkan hasil dari penelitian menunjukan bahwa terdapat pengaruh suhu terhadap karakteristik sari buah jeruk yang telah dilakukan proses pasteurisasi pada mesin Line Process menggunakan metode ohmic heating yaitu kadar protein, viskositas,berat jenis,warna, dan total mikroba. Suhu pun mempengaruhi tingkat kesukaan pada respon organoleptik terhadap atribut aroma,rasa,dan aftertaste.
Congenital Hematological and Metabolic Disorders Causing Intrinsic Discoloration of Pediatric Dentition at Pre-Eruptive Stage
Authors: Ghoshal Nanda Kishore , Singh Susanchita
Published: April 2024

The current review assesses the literature and depicts the hematological and metabolic diseases of newborns resulting in intrinsic stains of primary dentition. The appearance of dentition is an esthetic concern to the child as well as to the caregivers. The correct diagnosis claims prime importance to the dentist as it has profound value in deciding the appropriate treatment protocol and describing it to the patient. The review describes the hematological and metabolic diseases of newborns which can affect the color of normal pediatric dentition. Erythroblastosis fetalis, icterus gravis neonatorum, congenital erythropoietic porphyria, thalassemia, sickle cell anemia, and alkaptonuria are found to have a definite impact on the intrinsic discoloration of deciduous teeth. The article is an overview of those congenital hematological and metabolic disorders and their direct and indirect effects on primary dentition at the pre-eruptive stage resulting in discoloration.
Clinico-pathological Study of Breast Lesions with regard to E-Cadherin Immunoexpression as a Biomarker in Breast Cancer Tumorigenesis and Disease Progression
Authors: Nasrin Tausia , Vasenwala Shaista M , Mehdi Ghazala , Akhtar Kafil , Anees Afzal
Published: April 2024

Introduction-

Proper histopathologic categorization of breast carcinomas has prognostic implications. Recent molecular profiling analysis of lobular compared with ductal cancers show E-cadherin mutation and loss to be a defining feature of lobular breast cancers, and suggest it to be a distinct molecular subtype of breast cancers. The majority of lobular carcinoma in situ and invasive lobular carcinomas have shown a complete loss of E-cadherin expression. E-cadherin loss explains the histopathologic appearance of lobular carcinoma in situ including a diffuse growth pattern of this non-gland-forming tumor with discohesive tumor cells.

Material & Methods-

The present study was conducted on 234 patients presenting with signs and symptoms of breast lesions. A detailed history and complete physical examination and preliminary investigations were recorded, followed by surgical intervention. Histopathology was done on formalin fixed and paraffin embedded tissue sections of breast lesions and subsequently immunostaining with ER, PR, HER2/ Neu and E-cadherin was performed.

Results-

Average age of patient's presentation in the study was 38.1±16.9 years. Two hundred and twenty one cases (94.4%) of breast lesions were seen in females and 13 cases (5.6%) in males, with Male: Female (M:F) ratio of 1:16. Out of the total 234 cases, 108 (46%) were diagnosed as benign and 126 (53.84%) cases as malignant. Out of the total of 126 malignant breast lesions, infiltrating ductal carcinoma (not otherwise specified) was the most frequently diagnosed lesion, comprising 67(53.2%) cases. Most of the cases, 120(95.0%) had a tumor mass. All the benign lesions showed strong and homogenous membranous positivity of E-cadherin with intensity score of 4+. Most of the Grade 1 infiltrating duct carcinomas showed E-cadherin 3+ proportion score with gradually decreasing score in higher grades. All the 6 cases (100%) of infiltrating lobular carcinoma were negative for E-cadherin. Infiltrating duct carcinomas with medullary features showed 1 case each of weak 1+ proportion score and 2+ Intensity score in < 10% of cells. E-cadherin scoring in benign and malignant cases was statistically significant (p value = 0.0169).

Conclusions-

E-cadherin expression can be used as diagnostic modality for the sub-typing breast cancers as Infiltrating duct or lobular carcinomas, if morphology is not clear, with a definite prognostic significance.
Topiramate: Connecting dot of acute angle closure with myopic shift and missing link with acute anterior uveitis
Authors: Bhatia Agrima , Kumar Santosh
Published: April 2024

An interesting case of a 38-year-old male who presented with bilateral, sudden onset, painful diminution of vision. He had raised intraocular pressure (IOP), Oculus Uterque (OU) and bilateral acute onset myopia. Ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) revealed bilateral (B/L) ciliochoroidal effusion. This made us revisit his history to justify the acute onset myopia associated with raised IOP, which was established to be Topiramate (TPM) induced. Fourteen days after withdrawal of TPM, he also developed unilateral acute non-granulomatous anterior uveitis that was managed conservatively. Finally, his uncorrected visual acuity was 6/6 OU, and IOP was normal without any drugs. This case illustrates the significance of meticulous history and a step-wise approach to clinch the diagnosis. It is also imperative for clinicians to recognize these conditions and educate patients about the serious adverse effects when prescribing TPM.
Development of Novel Methods for QSAR Modeling by Machine Learning Repeatedly: A Case Study on Drug Distribution to Each Tissue
Authors: Handa Koichi , Yoshimura Saki , Kageyama Michiharu , Iijima Takeshi
Published: April 2024

AI is expected to help identify excellent candidates in drug discovery. However, we face a lack of data as it is time consuming and expensive to acquire raw data perfectly for many compounds. Hence, we tried to develop a novel QSAR method to predict a parameter more precisely from an incomplete dataset via optimizing data handling by making use of predicted explanatory variables. As a case study we focused on the tissue-to-plasma partition coefficient (Kp), which is an important parameter for understanding drug distribution in tissues and building the physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model, is a representative of small and sparse datasets. In this study, we predicted the Kp values of 119 compounds in nine tissues (adipose, brain, gut, heart, kidney, liver, lung, muscle, and skin), while some of these were not available. To fill the missing values in Kp for each tissue, firstly we predicted those Kp values by the non-missing dataset using a random forest (RF) model with in vitro parameters (log P, fu, Drug Class, and fi) like a classical prediction by a QSAR model. Next, to predict the tissue-specific Kp values in a test dataset, we constructed a second RF model with not only in vitro parameters but also the Kp values of other tissues (i.e. other than target tissues) predicted by the first RF model as explanatory variables. Furthermore, we tested all possible combinations of explanatory variables and selected the model with the highest predictability from the test dataset as the final model. The evaluation of Kp prediction accuracy based on the root-mean-square error and R2-value revealed that the proposed models outperformed other machine learning methods, such as the conventional RF and message-passing neural networks. Significant improvements were observed in the Kp values of adipose tissue, brain, kidney, liver, and skin. These improvements indicated that the Kp information of other tissues can be used to predict the same for a specific tissue. Additionally, we found a novel relationship between each tissue by evaluating all combinations of explanatory variables. In conclusion, we developed a novel RF model to predict Kp values. We hope that this method will be applied to various problems in the field of experimental biology which often contains missing values in the near future.
Nickel-Catalyzed Atroposelective Cross-Electrophile Coupling of Aryl Halides: A General and Practical Route to Diverse MOP-type Ligands
Authors: Kim Raphael , Kgoadi Lebogang , Hayes Jacob , Rainboth Derek , Mudd Catherine , Yap Glenn , Watson Donald
Published: April 2024

We report a highly cross- and atroposelective coupling between ortho-(chloro)arylphosphine oxides and ortho-(bromo)arylethers. This previously unknown asymmetric nickel-catalyzed reaction offers a direct route to highly enantioenriched axially chiral biaryl monophos-phine oxides that are difficult to access by other means. These products can be readily reduced to generate chiral MOP-type ligands bear-ing complex skeletal backbones. The utility of these chiral ligands in asymmetric catalysis is also demonstrated.
Estimativa de prevalência de doença de Chagas crônica nos municípios brasileiros
Authors: Laporta Gabriel Zorello , Lima Mayara Maia , Maia da Costa Veruska , Lima Neto Milton Martins de , Palmeira Swamy Lima , Rodovalho Sheila Rodrigues , Aragón López Miguel Angel
Published: April 2024

Objetivo.

Este estudo teve como objetivo estimar a prevalência da doença de Chagas (DC) crônica (DCC) na população brasileira, em mulheres e em mulheres em idade fértil.

Métodos.

Foi realizada uma metanálise da literatura para extrair dados de prevalência de DCC na população brasileira, em mulheres e em mulheres em idade fértil, em municípios do Brasil, no período 2010–2022. Indicadores relacionados com a DCC disponíveis nos sistemas de informação em saúde foram selecionados em escala municipal. A modelagem estatística dos dados extraídos da metanálise em função daqueles obtidos dos sistemas de informação foi aplicada a modelos lineares, lineares generalizados e aditivos.

Resultados.

Foram selecionados os cinco modelos mais adequados de um total de 549 modelos testados para obtenção de um modelo de consenso (R2 ajustado = 54%). O preditor mais importante foi o cadastro autorreferido de DCC do sistema de informação da Atenção Primária à Saúde. Dos 5 570 munícipios brasileiros, a prevalência foi estimada como zero em 1 792 (32%); nos 3 778 municípios restantes, a prevalência média da doença foi estimada em 3,25% (± 2,9%). O número de portadores de DCC foi estimado na população brasileira (~3,7 milhões), mulheres (~2,1 milhões) e mulheres em idade fértil (~590 mil). A taxa de reprodução da doença foi calculada em 1,0336. Todas as estimativas se referem ao intervalo 2015–2016.

Conclusões.

As prevalências estimadas de DCC, especialmente entre mulheres em idade fértil, evidenciam o desafio da transmissão vertical em municípios brasileiros. Estas estimativas são comparadas aos padrões de projeções matemáticas, sugerindo sua incorporação ao Pacto Nacional para a Eliminação da Transmissão Vertical da DC.
Risk factors associated with severe COVID-19 outcomes in Jamaica: a cross-sectional study of national surveillance data
Authors: Webster-Kerr Karen , Grant Andriene , Harris Ardene , Thorpe Romae , Rowe Daidre , Henningham Deborah , Mullings Tanielle , Wellington Iyanna , Wiggan Jovan , Gordon-Johnson Kelly Ann , Lord Carol , Dawkins-Beharie Tonia , Azille-Lewis Jemma , Duncan Jacqueline
Published: April 2024

Objectives.

To describe the characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 cases in Jamaica and to explore the risk factors associated with severe COVID-19 from 9 March to 31 December 2020.

Methods.

A cross-sectional analysis of national surveillance data was conducted using confirmed COVID-19 cases in Jamaica. Definitions of a confirmed case, disease severity, and death were based on World Health Organization guidelines. Chi-square and Fisher exact tests were used to determine association with outcomes. Logistic regression models were used to determine predictors of severe COVID-19.

Results.

This analysis included 12 169 cases of COVID-19 (median age, 36 years; 6 744 females [ 55.4%]) of which 512 cases (4.2%) presented with severe disease, and of those, 318 patients (62.1%) died (median age at death, 71.5 years). Severe disease was associated with being male (OR 1.4; 95% CI, 1.2-1.7) and 40 years or older (OR, 6.5; 95% CI, 5.1-8.2). COVID-19 death was also associated with being male (OR, 1.4; 95% CI, 1.1-1.7), age 40 years or older (OR, 17.9; 95% CI, 11.6-27.7), and in the Western versus South East Health Region (OR 1.7; 95% CI, 1.2-2.3).

Conclusions.

The findings of this cross-sectional analysis indicate that confirmed cases of COVID-19 in Jamaica were more likely to be female and younger individuals, whereas COVID-19 deaths occurred more frequently in males and older individuals. There is increased risk of poor COVID-19 outcomes beginning at age 40, with males disproportionately affected. COVID-19 death also varied by geographic region. This evidence could be useful to other countries with similar settings and to policymakers charged with managing outbreaks and health.
Performance analysis of distribution system under different loading conditions using test bench
Authors: Shekhappa G. Ankaliki , Sanjeeth P. Aminabhavi , Manjula Sureban , Pradeep Vibhuti
Published: April 2024

This paper presents performance analysis of power distribution system using distribution test bench. Distribution system is the part of power system in which significant portion of the power is utilized in it. The losses occur in distribution system mainly due to inherent characteristics of the number of components in the system. In this wok, we analyse the performance of distribution system having 4 feeders having different lengths supplying resistive and combination of resistive and inductive loads. The analysis includes the voltage regulation, power loss, efficiency for different loading conditions. Also shown are the improvement of terminal voltage of the feeders and receiving end power with compensation. Finally the inferences are drawn and suggestions are proposed to improve the performance.
Ante-fit: An Examination of Component-Driven Interventions for Holistic Architectural Retrofit
Authors:   , Jennison Brayden
Published: April 2024

Against the backdrop of a deteriorating housing stock, the converging climate and cost-of-living crises necessitate an urgent re-evaluation of energy performance within our existing building stock. Our existing homes are often cold, damp, and unhealthy, demanding excessive energy to heat that neither the occupant nor the planet can afford. This research critically evaluates contemporary approaches to architectural retrofit within New Zealand's existing detached housing stock, examining the relationship between energy efficiency, carbon life cycle assessment, and economic incentives.

Incorporating findings from a review of the existing energy and emissions performance for turn-of-the-century housing, this research examines the transformative potential of component-driven retrofit. Simulation-based studies of building elements - Floor, Walls, Windows, Roof, and Ventilation - assess the impact of component-based intervention on sustainable building practice, economic prosperity, and occupant well-being. The outcomes of this study have been juxtaposed against varying extents of retrofit interventions to achieve holistic architectural outcomes that skillfully balance building performance and design.

The research outcomes from this process underscore the subpar performance of our current homes, emphasising the urgent need for transformative action. However, meaningful change requires interventions to achieve the ambitious targets set forth by this research. The traditional approaches explored fall short of achieving these performance thresholds, demanding greater capacity for investment into full-scale and responsive architectural remediation.

By amalgamating energy performance, carbon footprint, and economic viability metrics, this research provides a framework for understanding the limitations inherent within traditional approaches to retrofit design. Previously accepted solutions are insufficient to address building performance for the future and fail to lift our existing buildings out of the past. The necessity to push our ageing homes beyond existing standards critically reflects the contemporary ‘band-aid’ approach of retrofit design. This research evaluates how we approach the design of our homes and how traditionally accepted approaches must be expanded and rethought to achieve long-term sustainability.
A Quadruple Helix Intervention for Accounting Education in Ghana
Authors: Zotorvie Justice Stephen Tetteh , van Rooyen Annelien Adriana , Shuttleworth Christina Cornelia
Published: April 2024

The current study explored the information and communication technology and higher-order thinking skills necessary for accounting students in Ghana upon completion of their accounting programme. These skills will improve their job prospects. The study adopted a qualitative approach involving in-depth semi-structured face-to-face interviews with government officials, accounting academics, employers and accounting graduates. The quadruple helix (QH) model of innovation was applied to examine the required information and communication technology and higher-order thinking skills and roles of the key QH stakeholders in promoting the development of these skills. Purposive and snowball sampling methods were utilised to select the participants for this study. The data were then analysed using thematic review procedures with the assistance of ATLAS.ti™ 9. The study revealed a growing need for accounting graduates to demonstrate creativity, analytical skills, an entrepreneurial spirit, and strong interpersonal skills for swift adaptation and success in the competitive professional landscape. Enhancing the employability of accounting graduates demands collaboration among government, academics, employers, and graduates, particularly by developing the curriculum and enhancing practical work-readiness.
Financial Performance Behavioral in the Company Life Cycle
Authors: Sumail La Ode , Akob Rezki Arianty
Published: April 2024

The diversity of financial performance behavior occurs in companies listed on the Indonesian capital market. This study aims to investigate and analyze the behavior of financial performance in the company's life cycle at various stages, including early expansion, late expansion, maturity , and decline. The object of this research is a manufacturing company registered in the Indonesian capital market at least ten years after the IPO and has a complete financial performance report. The regression analysis results prove that the behavior of financial performance varies in each stage of the company's life. i.e., dividend behavior, retained earnings behavior (Retained Earnings to Total Equity), profitability behavior, financial leverage behavior, risk behavior, Cash flows from investment (CFI) behavior. Cash flows from operations (CFO) and behavior Cash flows from financial (CFF). JEL: G14, G23, G41
The Governance Role of Independent Directors in Indonesian Family and Non-Family Firms
Authors: Atmaja Lukas Setia , Hidayat Athalia Ariati
Published: April 2024

This paper examines the governance role of independent directors in Indonesia using family and non-family firm samples. The literature suggests that independent directors can mitigate conflicts of interest between controlling families and non-controlling or minority shareholders among family firms. This study utilizes panel data of firms listed from 2005 to 2019, comprising 4.865 firm-year observations. Our result reveals that the performance of family firms is significantly worse than that of non-family firms measured by Tobin’s Q and that among family firms, independent directors or commissioners have an insignificance impact on firm value. Our findings support the expropriation theory and are not in line with the notion that independent directors can mitigate agency problems among family firms. Our analysis, however, provides strong evidence that independent directors or commissioners in non-family firms positively affect firm performance.JEL: D74, G32, H11
The Testing Of Pecking Order Theory For Behavior Financing In The Company's Life Stage
Authors: Sumail Ode , Akob Rezky Arianty
Published: April 2024

The diversity of behavior financing occurs in companies listed on the Indonesian capital market and still leaves debate on theoretical assumptions so that the researchers are motivated to do this research. This research aims to investigate the behavior financing of each stage of the company's life, specifically for young, mature and waning ages as the repressentations of Pecking Order Theory (POT) financing behavior. The object of this research is a manufacturing company that is listed Indonesian capital market at least 3 years after the IPO and has a complete financial performance report. The results of the regression analysis results  behavior of sales growth, profitability behavior, dividend behavior, retained earnings behavior, free cash flow behavior, risk behavior, size behavior and financial leverage behavior, shows various behaviors in each stage of the company's life. Behavior financing at the young and waning stages tends to favorPOTbehavior rather than trade-off behavior financing. In the mature stage, the behavior of profitability, retained earnings,FCF, and size do not supportPOTbehavior tends to lead to trade-off financing behavior.
An Alternative for the External Debt with the Implementation of Islamic Financial Instrument: Study on Indonesia Deficit Budget Policy
Authors: Citaningati Putri Rizka , Kamaluddin Kamaluddin
Published: April 2024

Indonesian government tends to use a budget deficit policy which has an impact on the amount of the state budget being no larger than the revenue earned by the state. This certainly triggers the government to incur debt, especially foreign debt. Indonesia as a country with a majority Muslim population certainly has great potential in utilizing Islamic financial instruments as a substitute for foreign debt. Therefore, this study aims to examine good state budget policies in avoiding state debt through the implementation of Islamic financial instruments such as zakat and waqf. The paper uses a descriptive qualitative approach. This study uses secondary data on state revenues, state expenditures, the state budget deficit, and Indonesia's sovereign debt in 2016-2020. The data were analyzed descriptively to determine the negative impact of Indonesia's current foreign debt. The result concludes that Islamic financial instruments such as zakat and waqf can be used as an alternative to foreign debt. In addition, the government can also issue SBSN, such as Sukuk, which encourage public confidence to invest in the government
Impact of Earning Volatility, Real Earnings Management and Accruals on Investment Policy: Evidence From Indonesia
Authors: Endiana I Dewa Made , Diah Kumalasari Putu
Published: April 2024

This study aims to analyze earnings volatility, real earnings management activities, and accruals on the company's investment policy. The sample used is manufacturing companies on the Indonesian stock exchange as many as 117 companies with a total of 351 observations during the 2018-2020 period. This study used 2 models, each of which was tested using linear regression. The results showed that earnings volatility increased management motivation in carrying out accrual earnings management practices and real earnings management through the manipulation of production costs by managers, but the effect of greater volatility was found in the real earnings management model. Accrual earnings management has an effect on the company's over-under investment policy, while real earnings management through operating cash flow and production costs has no significant effect on investment policy. Accrual earnings management is able to increase the company's over-under investment policy