bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CLINICAL PROFILE AND MANAGEMENT OF PATIENTS OF AMOEBIC LIVER ABSCESS IN A TERTIARY CARE CENTRE
Authors: Mishra Rakesh , Banerjee Debabrata , Jana Debarshi
Published: December 2020

Introduction: Amoebiasis is caused by the protozoan Entamoeba histolytica. Most infections are asymptomatic; clinical manifestations include amoebic dysentery and extra intestinal disease. Amoebic liver abscess is the most common extraintestinal manifestation of amoebiasis. Amoebae establish hepatic infection by ascending the portal venous system.
Aim: To study various aspects of Amoebic Liver Abscess like demographic profiles, clinical presentations, association with intestinal disease, radiological and laboratory findings, treatment modalities and complications.
Materials and Methods: A hospital based prospective observational study was performed in the Department of Internal Medicine, Command Hospital (Eastern Command), Kolkata, from Jan 2018 to Jun 2019. All confirmed cases of amoebic liver abscess above the age of 18 years admitted in Command Hospital (EC) were included in this study. The patient were then subsequently followed up for 01 year with USG abdomen every 03 monthly.
Results: Total 40 patients of Amoebic Liver Abscess with age more than 18 year were enrolled in the study. The age ranged from 26 to 70 years (mean age 46.2 year). Male patients were dominated over female. 80.0 % were from rural background. About 55% patients were addicted to alcohol & 25.0 % were known diabetics at presentation. In all, 07 (17.5%) patients with abscess size of 6 cm to 10 cm (Vol> 300 cc) were treated by needle aspiration and drug therapy. Remaining 17(42.5%) patients with abscess size more than 10 cm were treated with pigtail drainage and drug.
Conclusion: There is significant advantage of pigtail drainage with drug treatment over needle aspiration with drug and only with drug treatment in terms of decrease in lesion size and early recovery.
OBSERVATIONAL STUDY OF FOREIGN BODIES IN DIGESTIVE TRACT
Authors: Bose Alokendu , Khatua Indranil , Sengupta Nayana , Jana Debarshi
Published: December 2020

Background: Parent‘s laxness and lack of attention by leaving small objects at the reach of children contributes to this high incidence of foreign bodies. Ears, noses and throats are the most exposed orifices, hence the incidence of foreign bodies is also high in them. Problem of dealing with aspirated foreign body either swallowed or aspirated are since antiquity. In such cases, no definitive treatment was available and hence, the morbidity and mortality were very high.
Aim: To determine the incidence of foreign bodies in the upper aerodigestive tracts according to the age and sex among patients attending ENT department at TMH.
Material and methods: This Prospective study was carried out in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, R. G. Kar Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal.
Results: Complications after FB ingestion or removal are higher in lower SES group. Lower SES – 19/72(26.7%) while high SES with 10/68(14%). There were statistically no significant difference among the patients according to their Complications when compared with their SES although the percentage of lower status group are more than higher, with p – value=0.5533 {p >0.05}.
Conclusion: Adults have more predilections for digestive tract foreign bodies which is mainly because of dietary habits and hasty eating.
STUDY OF CLINICALAND DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE OF PATIENTS VISITING A TERTIARY EYE CARE CENTRE ALONG WITH THE EFFECT OF LOCKDOWN DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Prasad Kusum Kumari , Roy Sudeshna , Ghanta Debalina
Published: December 2020

Aim – To study the clinical and demographic profile of patients visiting a tertiary eye care centre along with the effect of lockdown during Covid-19 pandemic.
Material and Methods – This cross-sectional study included patients presenting during the entire lockdown period i.e. 25th March to 31st May, 2020. Records of the patients relating to symptoms, diagnosis and treatment modalities were analysed.
Results – A total of 723 patients presented in the ophthalmology department of which 82.43% were in the OPD and 17.57% in the emergency. 60.03% were male and 39.97% were female. In the OPD, 21.81% patients had refractory errors, 12.08% presented with corneal disorders of which viral keratitis was the most common disorder. 10.57% presented with retinal disorders, 8.05% of patients had cataract and 4.69% had glaucoma. During this period 21 emergency surgeries were conducted.
Conclusion – As a result of the nationwide lockdown in response to Covid-19 pandemic, there was considerable reduction in patients indicating lesser accessibility of health services to the needy patients. This needs to be addressed by planning delivery of health services in an effective and better way.
MYOPIA INDIAN EYES: COMPARING CALCULATED AND MEASURED AXIAL LENGTH IN YOUNG PATIENTS
Authors: Mehta Nirav , Kansara Shivani , Desai Rupam
Published: December 2020

Myopia is the leading cause of preventable blindness in children and young adults in the world. As age increases axial length increasing risks of myopia for causing ocular morbidity including retinal detachment, glaucoma, myopic macular degeneration, and cataracts. In India, much patient eye examination done at primary eye clinic, where to estimate axial length is difficult.
Our aim of the study was to assess the reliability of formula by comparing Predicted Axial Length (AL) uses corneal radius and Spherical equivalent (SE) to the measured AL using Ocular Biometry.
Method: 96 myopic eyes were included, Comprehensive eye examination with Auto-refractokeratometer using TOPCON-800 and Axial length with Ocular Biometry (IOL Master-500) Calculated Axial length with formula by using AVE-K and SE which is obtained from original Gullstrand simplified Schematic eye: AL= (24.00×AVE-K/7.80–SE×0.40) for both K-reading.
Result: Mean Calculated AL(mm) was 24.67 ± .90 and Measured AL (mm) which was 24.28 ± .96mm in 9-25yr age (P<0.001) with Mean difference 0.3±0.4. All groups show statistically significant correlation between Calculate AL and Mean AL (p<0.01, r>0.9). The coefficient of determination (R2) was 82% in 9-25yr age group.
Conclusion: Study provides strong agreement between Measured AL and Calculated AL. Alternate method of AL measurement with a calculated formula can be implemented in all primary eye care for predicting Axial length and managing myopic patients for monitoring myopia control.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF PRIMARY REPAIR VERSUS RESECTION AND ANASTOMOSIS IN JEJUNOILEAL PERFORATIONS
Authors: D. S Dr. Shivaprasad , P.B Thrishuli , D. Y Deva Keerthana
Published: December 2020

INTRODUCTION : Ileo-jejunal perforation is the fifth common cause of acute abdomen presenting as emergency(1). Despite availability of modern diagnostic facilities and advances in treatment regimes, the abrupt onset and rapid downhill course of disease has a high mortality rate.(1,2)
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To contribute in the betterment of knowledge in the management of ileo-jejunal perforations and to compare and analyse the primary repair (vs) resection and anastomosis in ileojejunal perforation in terms of post -operative morbidity and mortality.
METHOD: This was a prospective observational study conducted in JSS HOSPITAL ,Mysuru .A total of thirty patients admitted with ileojejunal perforations during a period of one and half years undergoing either primary closure or resection and anastomosis were taken for the study .
RESULTS:Trauma ( Blunt trauma ) was the most common cause of ileo jejunal perforation in this observational study followed by enteric perforations. Most common complication following surgery was identified to be wound infection/ dehiscence(27.6%) followed by respiratory complications(13.3%).
CONCLUSION:Post operative complications and duration of hospital stay were less with primary closure group and hence primary closure should always be considered as first option whenever conditions are apt .
Food as a Nonverbal Communication System
Authors: M. Fayer Joan , Ferri Joseph M. , Simounet de Géigel Alma , Boero de Peters Amalia
Published: December 2020

Abstract/short description:

This study presents a cross-region comparison of the food cultures of Puerto Rico, Dominican Republic and United States of America. The food is here conceptualized as a non-verbal communication system and Barthes' structural model is used for its analysis and comparison. The authors observe that food can indicate social status, religion, gender, age and geographical origins. Also, they observe that in the regions where different cultures are in contact, their cuisines can often mix with each other.

Short description written by Michał Gilewski
Training of future professionals in the conditions of competence-oriented mentoring
Authors:   Transcarpathian Hungarian Institute. Ferenc Rakoczi II, Bida Olena , Mukan Natalia ,   National University «Lvivska Politekhnika», Honcharuk Vitaliy ,   Umansky Sovereign Pedagogical University named after Pavel Tichini
Published: December 2020

The peculiarities of training future specialists in the conditions of competence-oriented mentoring are clarified. The solution of the existing problems that determine the rethinking of the goals of training future specialists, its implementation through a competency approach as an important means of modernizing the content of higher education is scientifically substantiated. Mentoring is interpreted as one of the types of training, as well as one of the forms of adaptation. It is believed that mentoring is the most effective type and important part of training in the organization. The ultimate goal of a mentoring program is to «create» an effective employee for a specific organization. Mentoring provides a system of staff training in which the transfer of knowledge, skills and abilities takes place directly in the workplace in a real work environment. Training is based on the solution of real professional tasks by an intern under the guidance of a highly qualified specialist, having the opportunity to focus on the experience and opinion of an experienced professional. The emphasis is on the practical component. The position of the mentor makes special demands on such specialists. Competence-oriented mentoring of students in modern conditions means a structured, open, dynamic socio-pedagogical process, which is a set of purposeful influences on young people who begin their careers in various spheres of life, in order to form their professional (service-oriented) competencies; socially significant personality traits, which we define as socio-personal competencies; reduction of the adaptation period of the listener at a workplace and strengthening of motivation to qualitative performance of certain labor functions, continuity of the values ​​formed by long-term practice and collective achievements of establishment. The professional competence of a mentor is interpreted as high-quality work based on a high level of professionalism and professional competencies, characterized by sufficient experience in a particular field and productive socio-pedagogical participation in the transfer of key corporate competencies and industry values to young workers. The necessary specific qualities inherent in the mentor are highlighted.
To the problem of formation of foreign language communicative competence
Authors:   Centralukrainian National Technical University, Shcherbyna Svitlana
Published: December 2020

Communicative skills are the leading tendency in the modern methods of teaching foreign languages. The article deals with the aim of such a system of teaching – the establishment of foreign language competence which contributes to the students’ communicative skills. One of the most important component of communicative competence is language competence, that provides on the basis of a decent amount of knowledge as the construction of grammatically correct forms and syntactic constructions, as an understanding the semantic segments of language, organized in accordance with the norms of a foreign language. Undoubtedly, verbal communication is possible only in the presence of language competence. However, removing only the language barrier does not automatically lead to a full-fledged foreign language communication. Rapid growth of international relations puts an increasing number of communicators in need of overcoming not only linguistic, but also cultural and mental barriers. Vocabulary teaching as an integral part of communicative and systemic aspects of foreign language learning is featured. Communication – based techniques of mastering lexical material are proposed. Mastering the purpose of the word, the conceptual functioning of lexical material is aimed at achieving adequate implementation of communicative intent. Useful for the formation and improvement of communication skills is the method of enriching the vocabulary of students by providing synonymous series with an explanation of the difference of meaning. Thus, learning a foreign language is communicatively oriented, so the leading component of the four-single complex of goals is the mastery of language skills for foreign language communication, taking into account its intention, addressee and conditions. Further development of tools and techniques for the formation of components of communicative competence will continue to be relevant in teaching foreign languages to students of non-language higher education institutions, that opens up opportunities for scientific and creative research.
Methodical competence of the future leader of the vocal ensemble: categorical analysis of the problem
Authors:   Kyiv University named after Borys Grinchenko, Limarenko Valerii
Published: December 2020

The article reveals the features of such concept as «The vocal ensemble future leader methodological competence». It is necessary to distinguish such concepts as «preparedness» and «competence». The essence of the following concepts was revealed: «competence», «pedagogical competence», «methodical competenc», the essence analysis and structure of the vocal ensemble has been carried out. The professional competence of a modern specialist is a complex multi-component concept. Researchers come to the common opinion that methodological competence is an integrative set of knowledge, skills, and abilities that characterize the personality and mediate the specialist professional experience, it is knowledge in the didactics field, teaching methods. Vocal training is a complex process, the training of the vocal ensemble future leader is impossible without it. The concept of «ensemble» is polysemantic. In musical performance - it means any joint performance of a musical work. Therefore, such combinations as trio, quartet, quintet, and others are called ensembles. The vocal ensemble future leader must know the theoretical material and be acknowledged about the methods of working with the vocal ensemble. In the educational-professional program 025.00.02 «Solo singing» of the first (bachelor's) level of higher education the program, general and professional competences are specified. The purpose of the program is to prepare a competent competitive artist of the ensemble, a teacher of primary specialized art schools, capable of concert-performing and vocal-pedagogical activities. Provide higher vocal education with the possibility of teaching in primary specialized art schools. Vocal-methodical competence is defined as mastery of the method of voice production, methods of development of vocal technique, singing culture, creative potential of the singer. Knowledge of the principles of classification of singing voices and the ability to correctly determine the type of singer's voice. Ability to design vocal and pedagogical repertoire for different types of singing voices (children, adults). Possession of methods of work on vocal exercises, vocals, vocal works of various form, genre, style. Ability to apply the acquired knowledge and skills in the process of teaching solo singing in primary specialized art schools.
The concept of nonlinearity in contemporary music and pedagogical discourse
Authors:   Borys Grinchenko Kyiv University, Oleksyuk Olga
Published: December 2020

The article is devoted to the problem of studying the peculiarities of nonlinear thinking, its manifestations in musical and pedagogical activity. The article presents the way of development of the concept of «nonlinear thinking» in the scientific literature, the analysis of historical preconditions of its origin and registration in the context of post-classical methodology. As a result of theoretical analysis of the works of modern philosophers, teachers, musicologists, the concept of nonlinear thinking of the individual in the field of music is substantiated. If we consider creativity, including music, as a process of evolutionary self-organization of the individual, we can find a successful application of the ideas of synergetics and nonlinear thinking in music pedagogy. In the process of professional training of musicians-teachers and concert performers in institutions of higher art education, the disproportion and ambiguity of the development of nonlinear thinking of the individual is especially noticeable. The practice of higher art education institutions shows that there are contradictions between the development of pedagogical innovations with a focus on changes in educational technologies and the lack of research related to the transformation of professional self-awareness of future professionals, the specifics of their thinking. Musical and creative activity has a harmonizing effect on the psychophysical and social processes of the individual, provides ample opportunities for pedagogical creativity. Correct and timely managerial influences on the part of the teacher allow to choose the optimal ways of self-development of the student's personality. According to the principle of resonant excitation, a small but accurately calculated energy injection at the required space-time point is enough for this. In the process of pedagogical regulation of the educational process should take into account their own trends in the development of the student's personality, strive to strengthen his abilities to work independently and to cooperate with the teacher. The presence of feedback, ie the active influence of the results of the student's activities on his personality is a necessary condition for the intensification of the educational process.
Album zdjęć. Album
Authors: Szerszeń Tomasz
Published: December 2020

Tekst poświęcony jest projektowi kongijskiego artysty Sammy'ego Baloji'ego "Album" (2013). Baloji w swoim cyklu łączy historyczne fotografie belgijskiego podróżnika i myśliwego Henry'ego Pauwelsa eksplorującego Kongo w latach 1911-13 ze współczesnymi zdjęciami ukazującymi przemoc i konflikty w tym samym regionie, tylko dzisiaj. "Album" lokuje się więc z pewnością w kręgu „kolonialnej hauntologii” w rozumieniu T.J. Demosa. "Album" pozostaje narzędziem do zawieszania sensu, do ożywiania historii w sposób, który raczej mnoży pytania, niż daje konkretne odpowiedzi. Taki sposób rozumienia czasowości, rozumienia historii, powraca nieustannie również w innych projektach kongijskiego artysty.
Haiti Letha. Pokusy egzotyki
Authors: Sikora Sławomir
Published: December 2020

Film Jørgena Letha Haiti. Bez tytułu (1996) we frapujący sposób ukazuje kraj w dobie przemian politycznych i zamieszania pierwszej połowy lat 90. XX w. Leth nie tworzy liniowej narracji, lecz raczej dzięki przemyślanym zabiegom montażowym konstruuje heteroglotyczny „film gęsty” (terminu tego nie należy utożsamiać ze znanym „opisem gęstym” Clifforda Geertza). Obraz Letha może jednak budzić również niepokój z uwagi na to, jak filmowiec odnosi się m.in. do kwestii egzotyzacji i nostalgii. Tym m.in. zagadnieniom poświęcony jest tekst.
Utilization of Sweet Potato in Development of Boba
Authors: Mohd Yusof Anis Syafikah , Mohd Dom Zanariah , Shamsudin Rosnah
Published: December 2020

Currently, boba phenomenon is extensively consumed by all generations from children to the elders. Boba which known as tapioca balls are originally made up of tapioca starch which then is served with milk tea. This sweet potato has lower calories than tapioca which can give benefits to the consumer since it has a lot of nutritional value such as high β-carotene, vitamin C, higher value of dietary fiber, higher antioxidants level and higher in protein content. Therefore, in this research this sweet potato flour were prepare in three sample which are sweet potato flour was substituted with 50% sweet potato flour and 50% tapioca flour, 100% sweet potato flour with added of two types of gelatine which are fish gelatine and bovine gelatine to make the boba pearls. This substitution will affect the physicochemical properties of the mixture such as pH and textural properties such as chewiness and energy needed to chew. As the results, the boba with fish gelatine has lower energy needed to chew which make it suitable for all level of generation which has chewiness value of 217.678±3.803 g with energy needed to chew is 4136.833±39.08382 g.%. With the growing of boba phenomenon, the findings from this study can help the consumers to continue consuming their favourite beverages will eating in healthy lifestyle.
Решение репарационного вопроса в период 1919–1921 гг.
Authors: Иванов Глеб Александрович , Евдокимова Татьяна Васильевна
Published: December 2020

В статье исследуются основные события в решении репарационного вопроса после Первой мировой войны в период 1919–1921 гг. Выявляются позиции стран-победительниц в решении репарационного вопроса.
Ethnographier les affects: captures, résistances, attachements
Authors: Plancke Carine , Simoni Valerio
Published: December 2020

Intensité viscérale et vitale, l’affect s’est imposé comme sujet d’étude en sciences sociales durant la dernière décennie au point de déclencher un «tournant affectif» (Clough et al. 2007). L’enjeu de ce numéro est d’explorer l’intérêt de développer cette thématique en anthropologie et le potentiel des ethnographies de l’affect ou, plus précisément comme nous le suggérons, des affects. Nous allons dans un premier temps situer l’émergence d’un intérêt en sciences sociales pour le thème de l’affect, puis, dans un deuxième temps nous esquisserons les critiques anthropologiques à l’encontre du courant affectif. Celles-ci concernent principalement la définition de l’affect en opposition au langage et à la subjectivité humaine. Sa présentation en tant que catégorie unitaire et abstraite qui minimise toute contextualisation historique et socioculturelle est aussi visée car elle ne permet pas une prise en compte de conceptualisations emic.
Subjective experience of pupils-readers as a factor of competence learning of literature
Authors: SYTCHENKO Anatolii
Published: December 2020

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Упровадження STEM-освіти на уроках географії: дидактична складова
Authors: ПУСТОВІТ Григорій , СИВОХОП Ярослав
Published: December 2020

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Zasadność zakazu obowiązkowej mediacji w sprawach przemocy domowej. Krytyczna analiza przepisu art. 48 ust. 1 tzw. konwencji stambulskiej
Authors: Sitarz Olga , Bek Dominika
Published: December 2020

Celem podjętych badań była ocena zasadności wprowadzenia zakazu obowiązkowej mediacji w sprawach przemocy domowej. Analizie poddano przepis art. 48 ust. 1 tzw. konwencji stambulskiej, który nałożył na państwa-strony (w tym Polskę) obowiązek podjęcia koniecznych działań ustawodawczych lub innych zakazujących stosowania obowiązkowych alternatywnych procesów rozstrzygania sporów, w tym mediacji i rozstrzygnięć polubownych, w odniesieniu do wszelkich form przemocy objętych zakresem niniejszej konwencji. Przy wykorzystaniu metody formalno-dogmatycznej, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem wykładni językowej i funkcjonalnej, podjęto próbę ustalenia zakresu normy kompetencyjnej zakodowanej w niniejszym przepisie. Wyniki tak przeprowadzonego badania skonfrontowano z zasadami mediacji oraz polskimi regulacjami w tym obszarze. Otrzymane wyniki pozwoliły na sformułowanie krytycznej oceny przepisu art. 48 ust. 1 konwencji.
Gradacja nadużycia prawa w procesie karnym (zarys teoretyczny)
Authors: Cora Łukasz
Published: December 2020

W artykule analizie poddano kwestię nadużycia prawa w procesie karnym z perspektywy realizacji funkcji procesowych orzekania, oskarżenia i obrony. Celem analizy przedstawionej w artykule było określenie gradacji stopnia nadużycia uprawnień procesowych oraz ich wpływu na trafność rozstrzygnięcia w kwestii odpowiedzialności karnej oskarżonego oraz ocena możliwości recepcji koncepcji nadużycia prawa do polskiego procesu karnego. Wykorzystując metodę analizy dogmatyczno-prawnej, wskazano czynniki ryzyka, które wzmacniają zdolność do nadużycia prawa w procesie karnym w różnych sytuacjach i układach procesowych oraz na różnych etapach jego przebiegu. W badaniach podjęto próbę odpowiedzi na pytanie, czy nadużycie uprawnień procesowych jest przesłanką uznania określonej czynności za niedopuszczalną.
Ewolucja unormowań dominacji nad spółką handlową
Authors: Nita-Jagielski Grzegorz
Published: December 2020

Sytuacja, w której pozycję dominującą nad spółką handlową uzyskuje inna jednostka organizacyjna, to poważne wyzwanie dla prawa. Ustawodawca w różnych obszarach regulacyjnych staje przed problemem, jak ten stan ująć (zdefiniować) i jakie mu przypisać konsekwencje prawne. W artykule podjęta zostanie próba zbadania rozwoju unormowań dominacji nad spółkami handlowymi. Analizą objęte zostaną regulacje prawa polskiego począwszy od pierwszych unormowań dominacji z początku lat 90. XX w. do chwili obecnej. Badania dotyczyć będą ujęć definicyjnych dominacji i jej skutków w najważniejszych dziedzinach prawa, z uwzględnieniem następujących w tym zakresie zmian. Celem badań jest przede wszystkim analiza rozwoju regulacji, z perspektywą ustalenia, w jakim kierunku ewoluują, próba uporządkowania różnorodnych ujęć, a zwłaszcza stwierdzenia, czy różne ujęcia (definicje) dominacji są adekwatne do potrzeb na gruncie poszczególnych ustaw, czy też zasadne byłoby ujednolicenie definicji dominacji.
Effectiveness of EU law and protection of fundamental rights - in search of balance in the context of the ne bis in idem principle
Authors: Szwarc Monika
Published: December 2020

The article undertakes the current and important issue of balancing between the Member States’ obligations to ensure effectiveness of EU law and to respect fundamental rights, taking as an example the ne bis in idem principle, enshrined in Article 50 of the Charter of the Fundamental Rights of the European Union. The recent case law of the CJEU in Di Puma, Garlsson and others and Menci is analysed. These rulings exemplify the growing importance of the issue of how to balance the two obligations in a situation when the repression undertaken by a Member State in order to ensure the full effect of EU law may infringe a fundamental right provided for in the Charter. The main objective is thus to formulate proposals on how to balance these interests, as well as to define their consequences for national courts.
Legal aspects of biobanking HBS for scientific purposes in Poland
Authors: Krekora-Zając Dorota
Published: December 2020

Legal issues related to the biobanking of human biological samples are one of the extremely important areas of European law. Biobanks created in Poland as well as the Polish Biobank Network created under the auspices of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education have become a catalyst for the search for solutions and the basis of rights for the functioning of biobanks in Poland as well as the protection of donor rights. Undoubtedly, the lack of legal regulation of biobanks and biomedical research on human biological samples could become a significant problem limiting the development of biobanking and conducting scientific research in Poland. The research attempts to show how representatives of the doctrine of law, bioethics and sociologists have interpreted the principles and standards of biobank operation in Poland from basic human rights, constitutional norms and personal rights.
Entrevista com Marcel Jollivet:
Authors: Rozendo Cimone , Arbarotti Alexsando
Published: December 2020

Nesta entrevista o sociólogo francês Marcel Jollivet fala de sua trajetória na Sociologia Rural, sublinhando como sua biografia familiar, de origem camponesa, contribuiu para a construção de seu itinerário profissional. Assistente de Henri Mendras, nos anos de 1950, no Instituto de Ciência Política em Paris, Jollivet reitera a importância da Sociologia Rural nos dias atuais, sobretudo como ciência crítica, relembrando os enfrentamentos feitos em plena modernização da agricultura francesa, uma vez que suas reflexões iam na contramão da onda do "progresso". Para Jollivet, ainda que o meio rural tenha passado por grandes transformações, os antigos problemas permanecem, agora metamorfoseados. Portanto, o trabalho do sociólogo é de desconstruir os discursos que permitem a manutenção das situações de poder. É de revelar os diferentes processos e meios utilizados para ocultar a realidade social e se concordamos com isso, admitimos que a Sociologia Rural é extremamente atual, defende Jollivet.
Clinicopathologic Characteristics, Survival, and Treatments for Gastric Adenosquamous Carcinoma: A Population-Based Study
Authors: Li H.S. , Liu X. , Zhang M.Y. , Cheng K. , Chen Y. , Zhou Y.W. , Liu J.Y.
Published: December 2020

Background: Gastric adenosquamous carcinoma (GASC) is a rare entity with distinctive characteristics that are not fully understood. In the present study, we evaluated the characteristics of this rare disease. Methods: The U.S. Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program database was searched to determine the clinicopathologic features, prognostic factors, and treatments for 246 patients with GASC and 42,735 patients with gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC). Results: Relative to GAC, GASC is associated with higher proportions of cardia involvement, high-grade tumours, deep tumour invasion, metastatic lymph nodes, and chemotherapy treatment. In patients who underwent potentially curative surgery (PCS), GASC was associated with a higher proportion of radiotherapy use and poorer overall survival (p < 0.001), although no significant difference (p = 0.802) was observed after propensity score matching (PSM). Multivariate analysis after PSM revealed that the independent prognostic factors for GASC were TNM stage [hazard ratio (HR): 1.512; p = 0.021] and regional nodes examined (HR: 0.588; p = 0.02). In patients with advanced disease, no significant difference in survival between GASC and GAC was observed (p = 0.212), although survival was significantly poorer for GASC after PSM (p = 0.019). Multivariate analysis after PSM revealed that the independent prognostic factors for GASC were invasion depth (HR: 1.303; p = 0.036) and chemotherapy (HR: 0.444; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Relative to GAC, GASC was associated with more aggressive features, although survival outcomes were similar after PCS. Chemotherapy remains a mainstay of treatment for patients with advanced GASC, but its role remains unclear for patients who are undergoing PCS.
Bruton Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors for the Frontline Treatment of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
Authors: Banerji Versha , Aw A. , Robinson S. , Doucette S. , Christofides A. , Sehn L.H.
Published: December 2020

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (cll) is the most commonly diagnosed adult leukemia in Canada. Biologic heterogeneity of cll between patients results in variable disease trajectories and responses to therapy. Notably, compared with patients lacking high-risk features, those with such features—such as deletions in chromosome 17p, aberrations in the TP53 gene, or unmutated immunoglobulin heavy chain variable region genes—experience inferior outcomes and responses to standard chemoimmunotherapy. Novel agents that target the B cell receptor signalling pathway, such as Bruton tyrosine kinase (btk) inhibitors, have demonstrated clinical efficacy and safety in patients with treatment-naïve cll, particularly those with high-risk features. However, given the current lack of head-to-head trials comparing btk inhibitors, selection of the optimal btk inhibitor for patients with cll is unclear and requires consideration of multiple factors. In the present review, we focus on the efficacy, safety, and pharmacologic features of the btk inhibitors that are approved or under clinical development, and we discuss the practical considerations for the use of those agents in the Canadian treatment landscape.
Development of a General Equation for Intensity-Duration-Frequency (IDF): Iraq
Authors: Mahdi Hasan
Published: December 2020

In the field of water resource management, rainfall intensity-duration-frequency (IDF) curves are of great importance, especially in the design of hydraulic structures and the assessment of flash-flood risks. The aim of this study is to obtain IDF curves and find empirical equations for rain duration for Al-Najaf city in the southwest of Iraq. Rainfall data for 30 years, from 1989 to 2018, were collected. The practical reduction equation of the Indian Meteorological Department (IMD), with six methods of probability distribution, was used for short intervals (0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 6, 12, and 24 hours) with a specified recurrence period (100, 50, 25, 10, 5, and 2 years). The Kolmogorov-Smirnov, chi-squared, and Anderson-Darling goodness of fit tests were used with the help of EasyFit 5.6 software. The findings revealed that the highest intensity of rainfall occurs during a repeated cycle of 100 years with a duration of 0.25 hours, while the lowest intensity of rainfall occurs during a repeated cycle of 2 years with a duration of 24 hours. In the results obtained from the six methods, as well as the superiority of the log Pearson type III method, the consistency of the fit tests showed some convergence.
Die Heimatvorstellung in Joseph Roths „Das falsche Gewicht
Authors: ÜRÜNDÜ Halit
Published: December 2020

Joseph Roth, ein Autor, dessen Werke der sogenannten deutschsprachigen österreichischen Exilliteratur zugeschrieben werden können, stellt in seinem Roman Das falsche Gewicht 1937, die Geschichte eines Eichmeisters dar, der nach viele Jahren Militärdienst einem Grenzgebiet namens Zlotogrod zugeteilt wurde. Die Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit der Heimatauffassung Galiziens im dargestellten Werk und untersucht nach einem kurzen Überblick die Bedeutung des Wortes Heimat und Schlüsselbereiche wie Heimatromane und das typologische Modell des traditionellen Heimatromans. Die allgemeinen Aspekte des Heimatromans fußen weitgehend auf Karlheinz Rossbachers Auffassung, die von Andrea Kunne weitläufig vorangetrieben wurde. Die Aufteilung von Kunne in zwei vereinfachte Gruppen berücksichtigt nur die grundlegendsten Merkmale dieses Genres und wird daher ausschließlich für den Zweck dieser Studie verwendet. Im zweiten Schritt werden Vergleiche und Analysen anhand von Beispielen aus dem Werk des Autors durchgeführt. Ziel ist es daher, das Werk des Autors zu untersuchen und aufzuzeigen, wie die Kritik des betreffenden Landes durch die literarische Kunst reflektiert wird. Schließlich wird eine Auswertung der Ergebnisse veranschaulicht.
ACTIVIDAD ANTIOXIDANTE Y ANTIMICROBIANA DEL HIDROLIZADO DE GELATINA DE PIELES DE Sarda chiliensis chiliensis “bonito”
Authors: Tejada Periche Eder Eduardo , Fernández Jerí Yadira , Salazar Salvatierra María Elena
Published: December 2020

Los residuos de la actividad pesquera contienen altas cantidades de colágeno y gelatina, que sometidos a procesos de hidrólisis enzimáticas podrían manifestar alguna actividad biológica. El presente trabajo tuvo como objetivo determinar la actividad antioxidante y antimicrobiana del hidrolizado de gelatina obtenido del colágeno de las pieles de Sarda chiliensis chiliensis “bonito”. Para ello, la gelatina obtenida de las pieles de bonito se hidrolizó con la enzima alcalasa a diferentes condiciones de pH, temperatura, tiempo y relación enzima/sustrato. La actividad antioxidante in vitro de quince hidrolizados se evaluó mediante radical 2,2-difenil- 1-picrilhidracilo (DPPH) y radical catiónico 2,2-azino-bis-3-etilbenzotiazolin-6-sulfónico (ABTS). La actividad antimicrobiana se evaluó mediante difusión en disco y microdilución en placa para la concentración mínima inhibitoria (CMI). Los hidrolizados de gelatina de bonito presentaron grado de hidrólisis superiores a 10 %, con un máximo de 33,67 % y evidenciaron la IC50 para DPPH entre 0,459 y 1,830 mg/mL y para ABTS entre 0,075 y 0,200 mg/mL. El valor más bajo y el más alto de TEAC fue 61,76 y 165,38 μmol de trolox/g para los hidrolizados H7011 y H7012, respectivamente. Ocho hidrolizados (1000 μg/mL) presentaron efecto inhibitorio frente a Staphylococcus aureus y Bacillus subtilis con CMI igual o mayor a 500 μg/mL. Se puede concluir que los hidrolizados obtenidos mostraron actividad antioxidante y antimicrobiana para el modelo experimental aplicado.
SÍNTESIS, CARACTERIZACIÓN Y EVALUACIÓN DE LA ACTIVIDAD BIOLÓGICA DE COMPUESTOS DE COORDINACIÓN DE COBALTO CON PIRAZINAMIDA
Authors: Chávez Llallire Natalia Karolina , Ramírez Panti Rocío Isabel , Sheen Cortovarría Patricia , Zimic Peralta Mirko Juan , Valderrama Negrón Ana Cecilia
Published: December 2020

En este estudio se han sintetizado dos nuevos compuestos de coordinación de cobalto con pirazinamida: Co-PZA (1) y Co-PZA (2), a partir de dos sales precursoras de cobalto y el fármaco pirazinamida. El objetivo de este estudio ha sido elucidar la estructura química de cada complejo sintetizado mediante el uso de las técnicas de caracterización conocidas, así como evaluar y comparar su actividad biológica respecto al fármaco libre pirazinamida. Con respecto a la caracterización, se usaron las técnicas de análisis elemental de C, H y N, espectroscopía de absorción atómica de cobalto, análisis termogravimétrico, susceptibilidad magnética, espectroscopía de UV-Visible, infrarrojo y Raman. La actividad biológica fue evaluada determinando la concentración mínima inhibitoria en cultivos de Mycobacterium tuberculosis. La fórmulas moleculares propuestas a partir de los resultados de la caracterización fueron: [Co(PZA)2Cl2] para el complejo Co-PZA (1) y [Co(PZA)2(NO3)2].H2O para el complejo Co-PZA (2). Los dos complejos presentaron mayor capacidad antimicrobiana que pirazinamida.
Pengaruh Antara Motivasi Kerja Guru IPA dan Displin Dengan Prestasi Kerja
Authors: Harefa Darmawan
Published: December 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui seberapa besar pengaruh motivasi kerja Guru IPA dan disiplin dengan prestasi kerja guru di SMP Nimarwati Lagundri. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode survey dengan analisis korelasional. Sedangkan data dan informasi di lapangan dijaring dengan bantuan kuesioner. Penelitian ini berdasarkan pada koefisien determinasi diperoleh sebesar 0,595 sedangkan thitung sebesar 6,959. Variabel bebas motivasi kerja (X1) dan disiplin (X2) baik secara masing-masing maupun bersama-sama memberikan kontribusi yang signifikan terhadap variabel terikat prestasi kerja (Y). kontribusi masing-masing variabel bebas terhadap variabel terikat ada : a) Variabel disiplin sebesar 59,5%. b) Variabel motivasi kerja guru IPA sebesar 50,3%, Kontribusi kedua variabel bebas secara bersama-sama terhadap variabel terikat adalah 69,2%. Dengan diketahuinya sumbangan variabel motivasi kerja (X1) dan disiplin (X2) sebesar 69,2% terhadap prestasi kerja guru, maka dapat diambil kesimpulan bahwa 30,8% prestasi kerja guru  disebabkan oleh faktor-faktor lain.
Efektivitas Model Pembelajaran Inside Outside Circle Didukung Media Visual Pada Pembelajaran IPA Dalam Upaya Pelestarian Sumber Daya Alam
Authors: Andini Agnes Mayta , Soenarko Bambang , Basori Muhamad
Published: December 2020

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi temuan lapangan, yang ditengarai siswa menampakkan kesan adanya kebosanan dan tampak kurang terlibat dalam aktivitas pembelajaran IPA. Hal ini disebabkan guru hanya menggunakan model pembelajaran ceramah tanpa didukung media. Mata pelajaran IPA harus menanamkan konsep ilmiah dan melakukan berbagai percobaan agar siswa mampu memecahkan masalah. Dari keberagaman model pembelajaran yang ada, salah satu model pembelajaran yang dipertimbangkan dapat digunakan untuk mewujudkan pembelajaran yang efektif yaitu model pembelajaran Inside Outside Circle (IOC). Model IOC merupakan konsep belajar yang bertujuan agar siswa dapat menyampaikan informasi dari isi materi kepada orang lain. Model IOC memiliki langkah-langkah yaitu persiapan, pelaksanaan, simpulan materi, dan evaluasi. Disamping penggunaan model pembelajaran guru dapat menggunakan media pembelajaran yang dikreasi sedemikian rupa sehingga lebih menarik minat belajar dan membangun antusiasme. Dari sekian banyak media pembelajaran, yang dipertimbangkan efektif salah satunya yaitu media visual. Media visual merupakan media yang dapat dilihat, memiliki bentuk, warna, dan tekstur dalam penyajiannya yang menarik. Dengan media visual, guru dapat meminimalkan sistem penyampaian ceramah.
Transfer Teknologi Pemuliaan Tanaman Cabe (Capsicum annum L) Metode Hibrid Pada SMK Tekung Lumajang Kabupaten Jember, Jawa Timur
Authors: Kustiari Tanti , Suryadi Ujang , Siswanto Eli
Published: December 2020

Teknologi pemuliaan tanaman cabe merah metode hibrid diperkenalkan pada siswa mempertimbangkan faktor rekayasa genetika dan nilai ekonomis. Tujuannya siswa trampil memproduksi cabe berstandar SNI dan mampu memperbaiki karakteristik galur yang dihasilkan. Metode pelaksanaan adalah pembelajaran dalam kelas dan demonstrasi dengan materi persiapan plasma nutfah, pemeraman benih, persemaian, persiapan media, penanaman, pemeliharaan, pengairan, pemupukan, pengendalian hama dan penyakit, pemeliharaan, hibridisasi panen, penyimpanan benih hasil hibridisasi. Hasil yang diperoleh adalah siswa-siswi trampil melakukan kegiatan pemuliaan tanaman cabe merah dengan metode hibridisasi. Cabe merah hasil persilangan hibridisasi memiliki sifat unggul panjang 13 cm, bentuk normal sesuai standar SNI dan sesuai selera pasar.
Maddewata As The Performing Art Of Bissu Oral Tradition In Bugis Soppeng Society
Authors: Pratiwi Suciaty , Arisal Arisal , Faisal Faisal
Published: December 2020

The history of I La Galigo as a literary work of ancient Bugis has given many contributions towards world literature development both in oral and written forms. In the previous decades, there were a lot of talks about past traditions which still exist in society. Those traditions have received the attention of various experts especially anthropologist, sociologists and philologists. One form of traditions that still exists today is the Bissu oral tradition. In various translations of episode of I La Galigo, those explain many things about the existence of Bissu with sacred verses which are inseparable from one another. The form of a Bissu tradition which still survives today is something that has value and becomes a local cultural heritage that can be said to be global. This paper aims to describe the ritual performing art in Bissu activities which manifests in tradition, especially in Bugis Soppeng society. Activities in a Bissu tradition certainly contain various kinds of local wisdom values that are expected to contribute to build one's character.
PUBLIC PLACE AS A CONSTRUCTIVE SIGN OF THE OBJECTIVE SIDE OF VANDALISM
Authors: Налимов Ю.Д.
Published: December 2020

Введение: в статье анализируются признаки, позволяющие признать место совершения преступления общественным, дается его определение.
Материалы и методы: в качестве эмпирической основы исследования выступили нормы Уголовного кодекса РФ, Кодекса РФ об административных правонарушениях, федерального законодательства, научная литература и диссертации по рассматриваемой теме. Диалектический, формально-юридический и сравнительно-правовой методы являются методологической основой исследования.
Результаты исследования: проведен анализ признаков термина «общественное место», который включен в объективную сторону рассматриваемого состава преступления. Акцент сделан на уголовно-правовой квалификации при совершении указанного деяния.
На основе законодательства, научной литературы и диссертационных исследований проанализированы точки зрения указанного понятия, а также проблемы, возникающие при квалификации.
Рассмотрены формулировки, используемые научными работниками и практическими сотрудниками при квалификации действий лиц, совершивших вандализм в общественных местах.
Обсуждение и заключения: сформулированы рекомендации по наиболее эффективному применению уголовно-правовой нормы.
COMPARATIVE LEGAL ANALYSIS OF ENSURING THE SAFETY OF PARTICIPANTS OF CRIMINAL PROCEEDINGS UNDER THE LAwS OF RUSSIA AND THE KYRGYZ REPUBLIC
Authors: Маликова Н.В.
Published: December 2020

Введение: в статье проводится сравнительно-правовой анализ проблем обеспечения безопасности участников уголовного процесса по законодательству России и Кыргызской Республики.
Материалы и методы: методологическую базу исследования составляют методы синтеза, компаративного анализа, научного познания, логический, сравнительно-правовой, а также другие частные методы исследования правовых явлений.
Результаты исследования: в статье осуществляется сравнительно-правовой анализ законодательства Российской Федерации и Кыргызской Республики по вопросам государственной защиты и обеспечения безопасности участников уголовного судопроизводства, обосновываются преимущества отдельных аспектов правового регулирования и практики их применения.
Обсуждение и заключения: на основании проведенного исследования автором делается вывод, с одной стороны, о сходстве норм исследуемого законодательства России и Кыргызской Республики, с другой – об особенностях, характерных для каждой из этих стран. Предлагаются пути совершенствования российского законодательства в области обеспечения безопасности участников уголовного процесса.
Kajian Teori Public Trust Doctrine Dalam Kasus Lingkungan: Studi Kasus UU Minerba Baru
Authors: Rahmawan Ardianto Budi , Cetera Kenny
Published: December 2020

AbstrakPublic Trust Doctrine (PTD) mengatur bahwa pemerintah wajib mengurus SDA untuk kepentingan publik meskipun akses atas Sumber Daya Alam (SDA) tersebut telah diberikan kepada pihak tertentu. Tulisan ini hendak membahas konstruksi PTD dalam hukum Indonesia dan menggunakan PTD untuk menganalisis konstitusionalitas UU Minerba Baru (UUMB), yang resmi disahkan pada tanggal 12 Mei 2020. Banyak pihak menyayangkan pengesahan ini karena dianggap mendukung eksploitasi minerba yang tidak berkelanjutan dan mengancam kesejahteraan masyarakat di sekitar wilayah tambang. Penulisan artikel ini akan menggunakan metode penelitian yuridis normatif dengan menggunakan sumber bahan sekunder berupa peraturan perundang-undangan dan putusan-putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi (MK). Hasil analisis menunjukkan eksistensi PTD pada Pasal 33 ayat (3) Konstitusi, yang dapat diaplikasikan apabila: SDA tersebut memiliki peranan penting dalam menguasai hajat hidup orang banyak dan pengaturan SDA tersebut dalam UU memenuhi unsur “sebesar-besar kemakmuran rakyat.” Namun, analisis pada Pasal 22, 169A ayat (1), dan 169B ayat (5) UUMB menunjukkan adanya ketidakselarasan dengan konsep PTD.Kata Kunci: Public Trust Doctrine, Sumber Daya Alam (SDA), UU Minerba.AbstractThe Public Trust Doctrine (PTD) regulates that the government should prioritize public interest even if the access to the natural resources (SDA) has been given to individuals or parties. The research will discuss PTD construction in Indonesian law and use PTD to analyze Mineral and Coal Law constitutionality that has been enacted on May 12, 2020. Many parties regret the enactment of this law because the law tends to promote unsustainable exploitation and threatens public welfare who live nearby the mines. This research will be conducted by using normative juridical method and secondary resources such as law and constitutional court award (MK). The result indicates that PTD existence on Article 33 sec (3) Indonesia constitution is applicable if: SDA has a crucial role in public sphere and SDA regulation fulfills the elements “to the fullest of public welfare”. Yet, our analysis on article 22, article 169A sec (1), and article 169B sec (5) of Mineral and Coal Law shows incoherence with the concept of PTD. Keywords: Public Trust Doctrine, Natural Resources, Mining Law