bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Energy Saving and Emission Reduction in Power Generation Sector for China’s Heat Pump Heating
Authors: Chen Xia , Wang Li , Tong Li Ge , Sun Shu Feng , Yue Xian Fang , Yin Shao Wu , Zheng Li Fang
Published: December 2012

China is ranked as the world’s largest emitter of carbon dioxide (CO2). The CO2 emission from urban central heating (UCH) is responsible for 4.4% of China’s total CO2 emission. It is proposed that heat pump heating (HPH) could serve as a replacement for UCH to help realize energy-saving and emission-reduction goals to a greater extent. In northern China, 30% of urban building area is covered by urban decentralized heating (UDH). Replacing UDH with HPH is the current trend in China. In this paper we analyze the impact of replacing coal with heat pumps on the power generation sector in China. The results show that HPH has a positive impact on the power generation sector. By considering simultaneous replacement of UCH and UDH with HPH, the efficiency of power generation at the valley electricity time is increased by 0.512%; the ratio of peak–valley difference is decreased by 25.3%; the obtained reduction of CO2 emission cumulatively contributes to approximately 10.96% of this target.
The DFT Quantum Chemistry Study of Hexafluorobenzene
Authors: Pei Hui Yi , Gao Ai Fang , Zhu Zhen Ya
Published: December 2012

The molecular structures, electron affinities, and dissociation energies of the C6F6molecule have been determined using seven hybrid and pure density functional theory (DFT) methods and the DZP++ basis set. Three different types of the neutral-anion energy separations reported in this work are the adiabatic electron affinity (EAad), the vertical electron affinity (EAvert), and the vertical detachment energy (VDE). The most reliable adiabatic electron affinities, obtained at the B3PW91 and B3LYP levels, are 0.59 and 0.69 eV, respectively. The first dissociation energies De(C6F5-F) for the neutral C6F6predicted by the DFT methoSubscript textds except BHLYP are 5.195.44 eV. Compared with the limited experimental dissociation energies, our theoretical predictions of the B3LYP and B3PW91 methods are fairly reasonable.
Perceived and Measured Adaptive Thermal Comfort at an Outdoor Shaded Recreational Area in Malaysia
Authors: Nasir Rabiatul Adawiyah , Ahmad Sabarinah Sh , Ahmed Azni Zain
Published: December 2012

Psychological adaptation towards environmental ergonomic is important to encourage better usage of outdoor space. Green space is a significant aspect as it is beneficial for the community. Outdoor spaces are supposedly an essential component of urban recreation space that provides opportunities for recreational activities. Human responses to the outdoor environment and actual thermal sensation experienced by individuals are important to determine the people’s level of understanding of the condition. This paper explores people’s perception about the microclimate condition in hot and humid climate. The responses of the respondents are correlated with the measurement of the microclimate condition. The microclimate conditions of the urban recreational area are measured to get the actual sensation of thermal experience of the people. The results confirmed the existence of adaptive thermal comfort amongst the respondents where they perceived better microclimatic conditions compared to what were measured.
Based on the Content of the Wastewater Treatment Network Monitor System Research
Authors: Wang Gong , Guo Jun Jie , He Yan Ling , Du Hong Feng
Published: December 2012

Combined with sewage disposal characteristics and content networking technology, Constructing the relatively flexible structure, the price is relatively cheap,reliable performance of sewage treatment monitoring system. Improve the sewage disposal automation and informationization level and the ability of the key sources of pollution monitoring and environmental incident coping,The environmental protection,energy saving and emission reduction is of great significance.
Application of Bayesian Networks for Diagnosis Analysis of Modified Sequencing Batch Reactor
Authors: Li Dan , Yang Hai Zhen , Liang Xiao Feng
Published: December 2012

The diagnosis analysis of MSBR has remained difficult due to the complexity of biological reaction mechanisms and the involvement of highly non-linearity and uncertainty. In this paper, the Bayesian network was used to modeling and diagnosis analysis of a MSBR. The suggested BN model for MSBR was evaluated using one-year of operation data. Results showed that the BN-based model for MSBR is reasonable and the prediction analysis algorithm is feasible. According to the framework of the diagnostic analysis, an example was given to illustrate the detailed information of diagnostic of a MSBR. Experimental results indicated that the corrective measures based on the diagnostic analysis were reasonable.
Study on Distribution of Gas Concentration in Air Return Corner Based on Co-Kriging Interpretation
Authors: Wang Gang , Guo Heng , Sun Lu Lu
Published: December 2012

In order to study the distribution of gas concentration in air return corner, co-kriging is adopted to do the interpretation of gas concentration in air return corner and air volume is regarded as a covariate. The study is based on the gas concentration distribution in air return corner of 5916 working face in Longfeng coalmine and the results show that co-kriging interpretation results produce smooth curves of gas concentration distribution in air return corner. Gas in goaf of 5916 working face is mostly emitted from air return corner and the airflow velocity of air return corner is low and the airflow is in eddy state. The main dissolute could not dilute and excrete the accumulative gas. Therefore, gas in air return corner is an important dangerous source.
Cloning, Expression and Characterization of a Novel Iron Superoxide Dismutase from Magnetospirillum magneticum AMB-1
Authors: Li Xiang Qian , Wang Qi Lei , Xue Ye Min
Published: December 2012

The gene fesod encoding iron superoxide dismutase from Magnetospirillum AMB-1 with a calculated 22kDa was cloned and efficiently expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3). The open reading frame of 597 nucleotides encoded a protein of 199 amino acids without the signal peptide sequence. Recombinant enzyme fesod was purified by IMAC (Ni2+) in a single step to electrophoretic homogeneity presented as a single protein band on SDS-PAGE. The recombinant enzyme displayed maximum activity at 25 °C, which was stable in the pH range from 5.4 to 8.2 and at temperature from 25 to 45 °C. These results suggest that fesod may have very attractive applications in cosmetics industry as an anti ageing protein in a moderate temperature range.
Research on Enzymatic Reaction Kinetics for Sugar Factory Wastewater Treatment
Authors: Jin Chang Yi , Liu Zu Yu , Hu Kun , Huang Wei Xing
Published: December 2012

Enzymatic reaction kinetics for sugar factory wastewater biological treatment was investigated. A laboratory scale completely mixed reactor was used for the study. By using the Runge-Kutta method and modified simple, estimation of kinetic parameters was conducted. The kinetic parameters rmax (the maximum reaction velocity) and Km (Michaelis constant) were found to be 0.7952×10 mg/min.L and 0.2519×103mg/L for COD, and 0.1359×10 mg/min.L and 0.2062×103 mg/L for NH3-N, respectively. These parameters could be utilized for the design of the three phase biological fluidized bed reactor for sugar factory wastewater treatment.
Removal of Methylene Blue from Wastewater Using Zeolite from Fly Ash
Authors: Wu Chang Nian , Ling Qi , Wang Li , Li Wei Hua , Tang Yu Chao , Tao Yong , Pan Fa Kang , Li Yang
Published: December 2012

Coal fly ash (CFA) was modified by hydrothermal treatment using NaOH solutions for zeolite synthesis. The XRD patterns of zeolite and coal fly ash are presented. The synthesized zeolite was investigated for adsorption of methylene blue（MB）in aqueous solution. It was shown that fly ash and the modified forms could effectively absorb MB. The adsorption isotherm could be described by Freundlich isotherm equations. The pseudo second-order kinetics would be better for fitting the dynamic adsorption of MB.
The Comparative Analysis on Construction and Operation of Urban and Country Sewage Treatment Plants in Guangxi
Authors: Xu Zi Han , Cheng Guan Wen , Meng Jin Jie , Liang Ning Shu , Qin Xu Jiang
Published: December 2012

The statistics about investment and operation situation of 36 urban sewage treatment plants and 72 country ones show that: ①Urban and country sewage treatment plants are mainly small-scale ones, using oxidation ditch, A2/O, SBR and its variants process. ②Operation loading rates of urban and county sewage treatment plants are generally low, and the better treatment process varies with different scales. ③The unit investment and unit investment of pipe network decreases with the scale increasing. So does the trend of operating cost. Overall, the operating costs of the A2/O and the oxidation ditch are cheaper in urban wastewater treatment plants, while each process are more economical in country ones. Therefore, choosing reasonable process, and coordinating the relationship between centralization and decentralization play an irreplaceable role in the coordinated development of the Guangxi autonomous region in the future, saving money under the premise of ensuring the safety of water environment.
Study of Degradation of Phenol by Fenton Reagent under Sunlight
Authors: Jiang Sheng Tao , Chen Xiao , Su Wei , Tang Tian Fei
Published: December 2012

Degradation of phenol was studied in the presence of Fenton Reagent. The initial concentrations of C2O42, H2O2 , Fe2 + and pH value on the reaction were investigated. The optimum conditions to degrade phenol from water were determined when initial phenol concentration was 500mg/L, the concentration of Na2C2O4, H2O2 and Fe2 + were 0mmol/L, 300mg/L and 60mg/ L respectively, and pH value was 3. Under the optimum conditions, phenol degradation and mineralization rates could reach 80% and 50%, respectively when the degrade time lasted 10 min.Reference to other literature of sodium oxalate to join can effectively improve the utilization of the ultraviolet and visible light,thus enhancing the effect of high concentrations of phenol wastewater removal, but this experiment reflects the high C2O42- will play an inhibitory effect .
Improvement of Inflow Water Quality of Dian Lake Treated by Constructed Wetlands
Authors: Yang Chen Xi , Yang Ju Rui , Li Hui
Published: December 2012

A surface-flow wetland and a subsurface-flow wetland respectively were constructed at the entrance of Dian Lake in Yunnan Province. Six plants such as Canna indica L., Scirpus tabernaemontanl Gmel., Eichornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms., Oenanthe ja vania (Bl.) DC., Acorus calamus L., Phragmitas communis Trin. were planted in the two constructed wetlands in separated sections on condition that hydraulic loading was 12 cm/d, hydraulic retention time (HRT) was 3 d. The results show that the removal efficiencies of subsurface constructed wetlands on TP and TN with canna indica L. or Scirpus tabernaemontanl Geml. are stable. Removal efficiencies of the former on TN and TP are 70.60% and 88.27%, respectively. Removal efficiencies of the later on TN and TP are 73.33% and 83.87%, respectively. Removal efficiencies of the constructed wetlands with Acorus calamus L. and Phragmitas communis Trin., the removal efficiencies of TN are 71.73% and 74.33%, respectively, and removal efficiencies of TP are unstable. The subsurface wetland of Eichornia ciassipes (Mart.) Solms. and Phragmitas communis Trin. on removal of TP and TN in summer or fall are more efficient. The two types of constructed wetlands have good effect on the removal of COD, which are above 78%, and the effluent concentration of CODcr is less than 57 mg/L .
Study on BOF Gas Dedusting Technology at Contemporary Steel Plant
Authors: Zhou Hong , Zhang Fu Ming , Zhang De Guo , Zhang Lin Yi
Published: December 2012

Basic oxygen furnace (BOF) gas dry dedusting technology has technical superiority in high efficiency energy conversion, energy saving and emission control and clean environmental protection fields, and it can decrease water consumption greatly, have high efficiency for steam and gas recovery, and reduce environmental pollution, and it is a key technology for realization of high-efficiency energy conversion in the contemporary steelmaking. As to 300t converter blowing process is studied in comprehensive and systematic way by means of the theoretical research of metallurgical process, analysis of process flow and function and engineering optimization of CFD numerical simulation, as well as precise control technology and safety operation technology on BOF gas dry dedusting process in order to realize goals of stable operation process, high-efficiency energy recovery and obvious reduction of emission. After 3 years’ production and practice, BOF gas dry electrostatic precipitator dedusting system has been proven by its outstanding economic environmental benefits.
Application Status and Economic Analysis of Active Coke Flue Gas Desulfurization Technology
Authors: Yang Ding
Published: December 2012

This paper analyzes the active coke FGD fundamental principles, structures and current applying situations, and calculates the initial investment active coke FGD and limestone-gypsum FGD. Moreover, it calculates the operating cost by raw material price and products price in China, and compares the initial investment cost and operating cost of the two FGD technologies in different usage period. This paper concludes that the high investment cost limits the wide application of active coke FGD, it can only be applied in some projects need sulfuric acid.
Game Model of Treatment and Assessment of Sewage in the Regional
Authors: Cao Li Xia
Published: December 2012

To ensure the effectiveness of the pollution control policy and long-lasting, and provide the rationalization recommendations and quantification of the results for sewage and regulators, this paper gives regional sewage’s fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model and solution algorithm, then build the game model on sewage and treatment, and this problem is solved with Nash equilibrium theory. Finally, the example illustrates the model’s effectiveness and operability.
Effects of Colloids on the Nitrogen Fixation Rates in Surface Water in Beibu Gulf of China
Authors: Zheng Ai Rong , Chen Ding , Lian Zhong Lian
Published: December 2012

The influences of colloids on nitrogen fixation rate of surface water were studied in the Beibu Gulf of China. The results show that the increment ratios of nitrogen fixation rates in water samples that cultured with colloids added are -96% to 1456% in spring, -9% to 64% in summer, -72% to 122% in autumn and -13% to 216% in winter. The enhancement is most significant in spring. Generally speaking, colloids can promote the nitrogen fixation rates in surface water to some extent.
Study on Treatment of Acrylic Fiber Wastewater with Microbial Fuel Cell
Authors: Zhan Ya Li , Guo Xuan , Zheng Bei Bei , Duan Jing , Guo Shao Hui , Yan Guang Xu
Published: December 2012

A two-chambered MFC packed with activated carbon and used acrylic fiber wastewater as carbon source was constructed to study the electrical and anolyte change characteristics of the cell, the influence of activated carbon packing materials on electricity generation performance was analysed. The results indicated that microbial fuel cell could be upstart successfully when anaerobic sludge taken from wastewater treatment plants of acrylic fiber companies was used as inoculation; the maximum power density output of MFC was 211W/m3, and the internal resistance was 1311; N-contained aromatic compounds in anolyte was absorbed by activated carbon which made the cell could stably operated for a long time without renewing anolyte; anaerobic metabolism process was occurred in anode chamber, and during which N-contained aromatic compounds was degraded to amide, carboxylic acid, ammonia, etc.
Effects of Water and Fertilizer Managements on Yield, Nutrition Uptake of Rice and of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Loss of Runoff from Paddy Field
Authors: Huang Dong Feng , Fan Ping , Li Wei Hua , Wang Li Min , Lin Xin Jian , Qiu Xiao Xuan
Published: December 2012

On the condition of natural rainfall and through the measure method of field runoff plots, an field experiment with six water and fertilizer managements (i.e. none fertilization and routine irrigation, routine fertilization and routine irrigation, optimization fertilization and routine irrigation, increasing nitrogen fertilization and routine irrigation, increasing phosphorus fertilization and routine irrigation, optimization fertilization and optimization irrigation) in 3 years ( 6 stubbles of rice) was carried out to study the effects of water and fertilizer managements on yield, nutrition uptake of rice and loss of nitrogen and phosphorus by runoff from paddy field. The results show that, under the 6 water and fertilizer managements, the dry matter yield of rice is 11629 ~ 19709 kg hm-2 a-1, the uptake of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in rice plant are 90 ~ 174 kg•hm-2 a-1, 36 ~ 62 kg hm-2 a-1, 151 ~ 288 kg hm-2 a-1, respectively, and the loss of nitrogen and phosphorus by runoff from paddy field are 14.0 ~ 42.9 kg hm-2 a-1 and 0.244 ~ 0.559 kg hm-2•a-1, respectively. Moreover, the dry matter yield of rice, the uptake of nitrogen and potassium in rice plant and the loss of nitrogen by runoff from paddy field under the treatment of “increasing nitrogen fertilization and routine irrigation” are relative higher than others. And the rice yield and nutrient uptake of “optimization fertilization + optimization irrigation” treatment is equivalent with “routine fertilization + routine irrigation”, but nitrogen and phosphorus loss of surface runoff reduce obviously, and the irrigation water is saved by 900.5 m3 hm-2 a-1, synchronously. Thus, better economical and environmental benefit would be reached by the treatments of “optimization fertilization and optimization irrigation”.
Technology of Modified Orange Peel Adsorption Treatment in Wastewater Containing Zinc
Authors: Jia Rui Yu , Lin You Hong , Zhang Wei
Published: December 2012

Using modified flavedo as the adsorbent , the sorption process of Zn2+Superscript text by modified flavedo in wastewater containing heavymetals was studied. The effects of various factors in Zn2+Superscript text adsorption , such as adsorbtion time , temperature , pH value , initial Zn2+ concentration , and pretreatment,were analyzed. The results showed that the pretreatment of modified raised adsorption capacity , and the adsorption capacity was suitable for wastewater with a wide range of pH values. The rate of removal of Zn2+Superscript text reached 98% when the Zn2+ initial concentration was under 100mg/L. The optimal conditions for Zn2 + adsorptionSuperscript text by Modified orange peel were a wastewater pH value of 5.5 , at 25 °C, an adsorption time of 60 minutes , and a dosage of modacrylic flavedo of 2 g/ L.
Kinetics of TiO2/Polyurethane Films for Degradation of Organic Pollutants in Water
Authors: Jia Ruo Kun , Yu Yang , Lin Song Zhu , Bai Na
Published: December 2012

In this paper,TiO2was prepared by the sol-gel Method,which has high activity and oxidation abilities .The polyurethane is famous for its transmittance and film forming properties,we use polyurethane and titanium dioxide to produce TiO2/polyurethane films. In this paper, phenolic wastewater was considered as the research object,Discussed photocatalytic properties and photocatalytic reaction kinetics model of TiO2/polyurethane film at 253.7nm UV irradiation.The results show that degradation rate of phenolic wastewater approached to 14.6mg.L-1.h-1.m2-1 when Ti02dosage of 60 mg/L,reaction time of 240 min,Phenolic wastewater initial concentration of 10mg/L and pH5.0.The dosage of TiO2,wastewater initial concentration and pH have significant influence on apparent first-order rate constants of photocatalytic degradation,Reaction kinetics of photocatalytic degradation to phenolic wastewater accordances with the quasi-one grade equation of Langmuir-Hinshelwood.
Determination of Phthalate Acid Esters in Water and Sediment Samples by GC–MS
Authors: Shao Xiao Ling , Zou Yan Min , Wang Fu Xing , Zhang Zhen , Wang Song Mei , Han Song Lei , Wang Sha Sha , Chen Yao , Wu Xiang Yang , Chen Zhong Lin
Published: December 2012

Water and bottom sediment samples were taken from the Zhenjiang section of the lower reach of Yangtze River, China during the autumn of 2011, aimed to study the pollution levels of six kinds of phthalate acid esters (PAEs). Water samples were prepared by solid-phase extraction (SPE) and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS), with spiked recoveries ranging from 33.5% to 121.0%. Sediment samples were pretreated using ultrasonic-assisted organic solvent extraction, with recoveries varying from 43.7% to 107.6%. Results showed that the concentration levels of PAEs are below the limit of detection (LOD) –63.3μg/L in the water samples of Yangtze River. Tongji River water are severely contaminated by PAEs, with the concentrations of di-n-butyl phthalate (DnBP) up to 613ug/L. Four of PAEs were detected in the tap water of Zhenjiang. It was also found that all of detected PAEs are dominantly partitioned on suspended solids in water samples. The concentrations of PAEs in sediment samples are ranged from <LOD to 7.5mg/kg.
Studies on Anoxic Aerobic Alternate Frequency of Oxidation Ditch for Removing Nitrogen and Phosphorus
Authors: Zhou Yu Hong
Published: December 2012

Biological removal of nitrogen and phosphorus species from an artificial wastewater was investigated in a sequencing batch reactor ( SBR) by changing operating mode which simulation oxidation ditch aeration realization of point and achieved alternate anoxic/aerobic, The results show that: the total control for 6 h reaction time, including aeration 3 h, stop aeration 3 h, four conditions under the condition of 30 min, 10 min, 5 min, 3 min anoxic/ aerobic alternate of COD, ammonia nitrogen removal not too big effect, TN, TP influence is bigger. COD removal efficiency is above 89% for four modes and effluent COD is lower than 35mg/L.Ammonia nitrogen average removal efficiency is above 90% for four modes and effluent ammonia is less than 5mg/L.Total nitrogen removal rates was 68.71%, 67.70%, 60.36%, 37.27% respectively for four modes. In instantaneous influent, anoxic and aerobic alternating time should not be less than 5min for TN removal. Mode Ⅰto Ⅳ removal efficiency of TP was 23.05%, -2.17%, 1.19%, 43.61% respectively.
Construction of Recombinant E.coli Expressing a Thermophilic Catalase and its Application in H2O2 Wastewater Treatment
Authors: Chang Yan Hong , Shi Chun Hong , Zhou Yao , Luo Hui
Published: December 2012

The recombinant plasmid pETac-CATHis with tac promoter was constructed for the constitutive expression of a thermophilic catalase in E.coli. And the effects of cultivation conditions of two recombinant strains, BL21(DE3)/pETac-CATHis and BL21(DE3)pLysS/pETac-CATHis, such as initial pH, cultivation temperature, cultivation time, and loading volume on catalase activity were investigated. The optimal cultivation conditions were: the initial pH 7.0, cultivation temperature 37°C, cultivation time 12 hours, and loading volume 25mL in 100mL flask. Under the optimal cultivation condition, the highest catalase activities of the two recombinant strains were 291.7 U/mL and 349.5 U/mL, respectively. After adding catalase, H2O2in simulation H2O2wastewater containing phenol was decomposed completely very quickly. Declining of catalase activity was detected with enhancing the phenol concentration, probably because the phenol might be a kind of competitive inhibitor for catalase.
Preparation and Photocatalytic Properties of CdS/ZnS/TiO2 Photocatalyst
Authors: Mou Xiaoyan , Rong Chuan , Dong Xiao Li , Zhang Xin Xin , Ma Chun , Zhang Xiu Fang , Ma Hong Chao , Shi Fei , Xue Mang
Published: December 2012

CdS/ZnS/TiO2 composite photocatalyst was prepared by sol-gel and immersion method. The optimum preparation conditions were as follows: the mole ratio of XS (CdS, ZnS) and TiO2 was 1:100; the mole ratio of CdS and ZnS was 1:1; calcined temperature 500°C; calcined time 1h. The optimum photocatalytic reaction conditions were as follows: the concentration of methyl orange 20mg/L, pH 5-7 and the catalyst dosage 2g/L. The removal rates of color and TOC were 84.3% and 54.2% using CdS/ZnS/TiO2 under the Visible light irradiation, respectively.
Removal of Co-Present Cr(VI) and Cu(II) by Fe0
Authors: Rao Pin Hua , Zhang Wenqi , Zhou Qi
Published: December 2012

Zero-valent iron (Fe0) as one kind of redox material has widely been used to remove heavy metals from aqueous environments due to its low cost, simplicity and reliability. In this paper, interaction of Cr(VI) with Cu(II) in Fe0-H2O systems was studied in order to understand better the performance of Fe0 in wastewater containing multiple heavy metals. Results showed that Cr(VI) had inhibitory impact on Cu(II) removal by Fe0, resulting from competition of electrons generated from Fe0, while Cu(II) obviously enhanced the removal of Cr(VI), which could result from redox of Cr(VI) with Fe2+ from reaction of Fe0 with Cu(II) and then formed weak acid environments which were favorable for the removal of Cr(VI).
Investigation on the Effect of an Divalent Electrolyte on the Flocculation of SDBS with Al3+
Authors: Yan Jie , Wang Dong , Yang Fei Fei , Yao Dong Mei
Published: December 2012

The effect of an divalent electrolyte Ca2+ on the flocculation of two different concentrations of anionic surfactant Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS) with Al3+ has been investigated at different molar ratios Al3+ to SDBS at 298.15 K. The results showed that the flocculation characteristics of 0.01 mol•L-1 SDBS (above the critical micelle concentration CMC) and 0.001 mol•L-1 SDBS (below the CMC) were obviously different with an increase of dosages of Al3+. The z-average size of flocculate of 0.01 mol•L-1 SDBS with Al3+ decreased particularly with the pre-addition of Ca2+，It suggested the formation of the complexion Ca(SDBS)2. At optimization flocculation areas at 298.15K, pH values were all around 3.5 in the flocculation systems SDBS/Al3+ and Ca2+/SDBS/Al3+ whether the SDBS concentration above or below the CMC. The pre-addition of Ca2+ slightly affected other flocculation parameters of SDBS/Al3+ systems such as zeta potential, surface tension, conductivity and pH.
A Fuzzy Control Method Combined with Optimal Feed-Forward for Dry Desulfurization of Slurry Fluidized Bed Boiler
Authors: Jiang Ai Peng , Ding Qiang , Wang Jian , Lin Weiwei , Jiang Zhou Shu
Published: December 2012

It is the most effective resource use practices for coal slurry to be used as fuel for fluidized bed boiler. The dry desulfurization of slurry fluidized bed boiler is a large time delay system, and the load disturbance of this system changes frequently. In order to achieve stable control of SO2 emission and meet environmental requirements, a fuzzy control technology combined with the optimal feed-forward was designed. Combined with field experience, a fuzzy controller system was designed by fuzzy control technology, and then the integral process was added to achieve non-error track. To reduce the impact of desulfurizer and other factors, based on the principle of feed-forward, an objective to minimize disturbance impact was obtained, and then a nonlinear programming problem for solving the optimal feed-forward parameters was established, from which the best feed-forward form can be obtained. Results of 440T/H fluidized bed boiler show that the proposed method has satisfactory control effect. SO2 concentration can fully meet environmental emission requirements, and its fluctuation is relatively small.
Study of Cadmium Wastewater Treatment with Polymer PHA Containing Hydroxamic Acid Groups
Authors: Wang Bi
Published: December 2012

Polymer heavy metal chelating agent containing hydroxamic acid groups (PHA) was made in order to observe its effects on the removal rate of Cd2+. The present study reaches the following results: (1) On conditions that pH value is 8.0, the chelating agent is 60mg•L-1and the reaction time is 60min, the highest chelating capacity of the polymer heavy metal chelating agent PHA can reach 341 mg/g. (2) The existence of common cations: K+, Na+and Mg2+can improve PHA’s ability to remove Cd2+. (3) The existence of common anions Cl-, SO42-and NO3-can improve PHA’s ability to remove Cd2+. (4) Co-existing with the turbidity-causing materials, PHA’s removal abilities of Cd2+and turbidity are mutually promotive. (5) The chelating product, Cd-PHA’s amount of leaching of Cd2+is only 1/11 of that in neutralization titration ,having a relatively higher stability and better environmental safety.
Brief Analysis of the Sludge Bio-Drying Process
Authors: Zou Hui Fen , Fei Ying Chao , Zhao Lei , Fu Jin Xiang
Published: December 2012

Bio-drying reduces the moisture content of sludge without other external energy consumption, this paper introduced the microbiological aspect of a bio-drying process ,and state briefly about the suitable scope of oxygen supply ,C/N ratio, pH of biomass and moisture content for a optimal heat generation.
Biological Phosphorus Removal Characteristics in a Full-Scale Unitank Wastewater Treatment Plant
Authors: Zhou Zhen , Shao Wen Rui , Xing Can , Li Zheng , Guan Peng Qiong , Zhou Tao , Wei Zi Chao
Published: December 2012

The biological phosphorus (P) removal characteristics of a full-scale Unitank wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) were investigated by field survey, model analysis and sludge P content determination. In the Unitank WWTP, oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) reached the lowest value of -17 mV and the highest value of 130 mV at the end of anoxic/anaerobic stage and aerobic stage, respectively. The anaerobic P release process could be fitted by first-order kinetics with rate constant of 3.52 h-1, while the maximum aerobic P uptake rate was 3.31 mgP/(L•h). The measured sludge P content in the Shidongkou WWTP was 15.4±2.1 mgP/gSS, significantly lower than that in full-scale AAO WWTPs.
Electrosorption Desalination by Activated Carbon Fibers Electrode
Authors: Zhou Gui Zhong , Wang Xuan , Wang Zhao Feng , Pan Shu Qing , Li Shao Xiang
Published: December 2012

The activated carbon fiber(ACF) electrodes were prepared for electrosorption desalination. The electrodes were analyzed using scanning electron microscope (SEM), and the desalting efficiency was represented by the removal rate of Cl-. As a result, desalting efficiency decreases with increasing initial concentration of Cl-, whereas the total adsorption capacity increases. The most suitable voltage for electrosorption desalination is 1.2 ~ 1.4V. The electrosorption desalination achieves the best results while the distance between two electrodes is 1.0cm. Electrosorption plays a more important role in the adsorption process compared with physical adsorption. The removal rate of Cl- is obviously improved by using ACF electrode modified by HNO3 and KOH and desalination ratio of the electrode treated with KOH is increased by 16.5%. Therefore, the ACF electrode would be suitable for using in the application of electrosorption desalination.
The Application of Vertical Anti-Seepage in Modern Landfill
Authors: Ye Sheng Hua , Dan Han Bo , Tang Ying Dong , Mao Yu Jing , Luo Jing Jing , Ding Yun
Published: December 2012

Firstly, several common vertical anti-seepage forms for modern sanitary landfill are reviewed and compared. According to the unreasonable calculation method of the wall thickness in the New Code, this paper proposes a reasonable calculation method of the wall thickness through the two engineering project cases: valley type and plain type landfill, reflecting on the reasonable choice of the vertical anti-seepage forms. For the valley type landfill where the cover layer has a certain thickness, jet grouting pile and post grouting is proposed for the anti-seepage; for the plain type landfill whose foundation is composed of clay or sandy soil, the cement mixing pile is proposed for the anti-seepage.
Feasibility Study of Municipal Wastewater Treatment by a Subsurface Infiltration System in Northeast, China
Authors: Li Hai Bo , Li Ying Hua , Wang Xin , Sun Tie Heng
Published: December 2012

From October 2009 to September 2010, this study focused on investigation the performance of a subsurface wastewater infiltration (SWI) system in treating domestic sewage, and evaluated the potential of the surface water pollution by using the SWI system. The results showed the removal efficiencies were relatively high: for biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), suspended solids (SS), ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) and total phosphorus (TP) were 95.0, 89.1, 98.1 87.6 and 98.4%, respectively. Meanwhile, the monitoring of a nearby stream characteristic indicated the SWI system could not decrease the receiving surface water quality.
Atomization Feature of Liquid-Column Tower
Authors: Fang Li Jun , Chang Yan Chao
Published: December 2012

A study was performed of the atomization feature of liquid-column tower. It was found that the broken droplets can be classified into three types which called convex,twisted and broken. Proposed that the atomization process of liquid column tower consist of impact atomization and run into a wall atomization. Analysis of the atomization mechanism of the two processes, and the run into a wall atomization have droplet rebound,expand,splash stages. In addition ,the high degree of atomization of theoretical formula was amended. After modified, the theoretical and actual values are basically consistent.
Hydrothermal Preparation, Characterization and Photocatalytic Properties of C, N Co-Doped ZnO/ZnS Composites
Authors: Fu Ying Huan , Teng Ke , Dong Xiao Li , Yu Chun Ling , Ma Chun , Ma Hong Chao
Published: December 2012

C, N, S co-doped ZnO/ZnS composites were prepared by hydrothermal method using ZnSO4 and L-cysteine as raw materials, and investigated by UV-vis DRS, XRD, XPS. The results showed that C, N, S have successfully doped onto ZnO and substituted O of crystal lattice during hydrothermal process. The resulting co-doped ZnO composites exhibit significantly higher photocatalytic activity (45%) than that of pure ZnO (<5%) for degradation of reactive brilliant blue KN-R aqueous solution under simulative solar irradiation. The enhancement of photocatalytic performance of co-doped composites can be attributed to the reducing of electron-hole pair recombination and narrowed band gap.
Research of In-Use Passenger Car Exhaust Pollutant Statistical Characteristics — Take Unburned Hydrocarbon for Example
Authors: Xu An , Qiao Xiang Ming
Published: December 2012

In order to reveal the exhaust pollutant statistical characteristics of in-use passenger cars, by the technical means and methods of large sample detection, multiple parameter data analysis and mathematical modeling, the unburned hydrocarbon emission statistical characteristics of typical passenger cars have been researched, the statistical characteristics of the emission have been revealed, the high precision statistical models which can describe the statistical characteristics have been established fatherly. Checking computation showed that the calculating results got by the models have very high calculating precision. On the basis of above-mentioned researches, the specific proposals have been put forward to revise the relevant limit values of Chinese national standard about in-use passenger cars exhaust pollutant, and I/M program should be enforced in order to control the exhaust pollution of in-use passenger cars efficiently.
Investigation of Thermodynamic Equilibrium of MSWI Fly Ash during High-Temperature Treatment
Authors: Ding Jian
Published: December 2012

MSWI (municipal solid waste incineration) fly ash during the high-temperature treatment was a chemical reaction process system of multiphase-component systems. The thermodynamic Equilibrium of the MSWI fly ash was simulated by the part of equilibrium composition of the chemical thermodynamic calculation software HSC-Chemistry 6.0. The characteristics of heavy metals were analyzed basing on the results of simulation in a certain temperature range under different working conditions.
Ammonia Escape Inhibited by NHD in the Process of Carbon Capture Using Ammonia Solution
Authors: Ma Shuang Chen , Song Hui Hui , Sun Yun Xue
Published: December 2012

Using ammonia solution to absorb CO2 from flue gas is expected to achieve low cost and high efficiency; however, ammonia escape during CO2 absorption limits the application of this technique. In this work, we investigated the inhibitory effect of polyethylene glycol dimethyl ether (NHD) on ammonia escape in bubbling absorption using ammonia solution. Various NHD and ammonia concentrations on ammonia escape are considered. Results show that NHD significantly inhibits on ammonia escape and enhances removal of CO2 at the same time as well. The amount of escaping ammonia was reduced by 24.9% when 5% NHD was used. The study has important implications for application of the ammonia absorption method in carbon capture.
CFD Simulation of the Liquid-Column Flow Field of Double Contact
Authors: Fang Li Jun , Chang Yan Chao
Published: December 2012

It is found that the increase in the number of nozzle will lead to overall pressure drop in the tower when there is no fluid column jet and in this process RNG double equation model was used to describes gas phase turbulence, by means of simulation calculation of the gas-liquid two phase flow field in double contact liquid-column tower. In the stage of liquid column jet, with the increasing of the number of nozzle pressure drop range reduced, but phase change is more apparent, flow field distribution in the tower tends to be evenly. Through the numerical simulation of the particular condition, gas flow condition was described in conditions of different nozzle number and different liquid air ratio. Calculation is well agreed with test results, which show that the model and the algorithm has good predictive and reliability.
Study on Direct Electrochemical Preparation of Ferrate by Plate Diaphragm Electrolytic Cell
Authors: Xi Li Juan , Wang Xin Yan , Zhang Wan You
Published: December 2012

In order to study the relations between process conditions and the productivity of ferrate, study on direct electrochemical preparation of ferrate by plate diaphragm electrolytic cell was investigated in this paper. The main factors such as electrolytic time, electrolyte concentration, electrolytic temperature and electrode interval were analyzed, respectively. The optimum conditions were confirmed: concentration of electrolyte in 16mol/L to 18mol/L, electrolytic time of 3 hours, electrolytic temperature of 40°C, and electrode interval of 2cm. The results could provide technical parameters and a theoretical guide to the industrial production of ferrate.
Adsorption Behaviors of Hydroquinone onto Porous Adsorbents
Authors: Zhu Zeng Yin , Li Bing , Wu Hai Suo , Liu Wei , Wei Jin
Published: December 2012

As the toxicity even at low concentrations, pollution of phenolic compounds has become an issue of international concern. Adsorption has been proven to be the effective and widely used method for phenolic compounds removal. In this study, porous resins as adsorbents for the removal of hydroquinone from aqueous solutions were evaluated. Activated carbon F400D was employed for comparison. The faster adsorption kinetic was observed on the mesoporous XAD-4, while the higher adsorption capacity was obtained on the microporous NDA150, which had larger surface area. Despite the different surface properties and pore structures of the studied adsorbents, similar trends of pH-dependent adsorption were observed, implying the importance of the hydroquinone molecular species to the adsorption onto the porous adsorbents. This work provided an understanding of adsorption behavior of hydroquinone on porous adsorbents.
A Preliminary Study on Pb Contamination in Soil and Plant in Zhaoyuan City
Authors: Zhang Lei , Zhang Lei
Published: December 2012

In order to study the pollution characteristics of Pb in soil and plant of Zhaoyuan City, the surface soil and green plant samples were collected in the downtown of Zhaoyuan City. The Pb content was determined with the flame atomic spectrophotometer. The results showed that the range of the Pb content in soil was 53.23～291.14 mg/kg, with the average content being 96.59 mg/kg. There was a serious Pb contamination in the downtown surface soil in the investigative region. The content of Pb was different in different functional areas, and the industrial area had the most Pb contamination with its content reaching 132.99 mg/kg. The range of the Pb content in leaves of the plant samples was from 5.79～36.6 mg/kg, with that in stems being 13.5～57.17 mg/kg and that in branches being 4.85～54.68 mg/kg. The content in plants and soil had no significant correlation.
Speciation Analysis of Inorganic Arsenic in Coal Samples
Authors: Sun Mei , Liu Gui Jiang , Wu Qiang Hua , Liu Wenqi
Published: December 2012

A new method was developed for the speciation of inorganic arsenic in coal samples by liquid chromatography coupled to hydride generation atomic fluorescence spectrometry after microwave-assisted extraction. Effective extract of As(III), As(V) in coal sample was achieved by 1.0molL-1 H3PO4 and 0.1 molL-1ascorbic acid. Under the optimized conditions, the limits of detection were 0.01 ugL-1and 0.02 ugL-1for As(III), As(V). The relative standard deviation were 2.4 %, 3.3 % (c= 20.0 gL-1, n=7). The proposed method was successfully applied for the determination of speciation of inorganic arsenic in coal samples and GBW11117.
Spatial Concentration Variation of Contaminants in a Residential Kitchen and the Effect of Makeup Air System
Authors: Jia Xin , Yi Bo
Published: December 2012

In this paper, the experimental data of CO, CO2 and total volatile organic compound (TVOC) concentration in a residential kitchen are presented. Based on them, a simulation software with friendly and simply operating interfaceis is developed on the platform of VC++. The distribution law of the contaminants is studied via the simulation results, and it is obvious that location of accumulation of the contaminants are highly relevant to the location of stove and closer to the walls. An addition natural air makeup system is proposed to improve indoor airenvironment in kitchens, the effection of the air makeup system is analyzed with exergy theory.
Research on the Removal Results of Hydrogen Sulfide of the Treatment of Coal Gasification Wastewater Biogas in the Anaerobic Biotrickling Filter
Authors: Xu Chun Yan , Han Hong Jun
Published: December 2012

The uncertainty of operating parameters hinders the practical application of the biological desulfurization. To solve this problem, this study which was conducted in room temperature, pH around seven conditions, investigated the effects of the operating parameters on the hydrogen sulfide (H2S) removal performance in the biotrickling filter, including inlet H2S concentration, inlet flow rate or gas retention time, inlet volume load and circulating liquid spraying flux. The results showed that, the inlet H2S concentration should be controlled within 800mg/m3, 650mg/m3, 400mg/m3, 300mg/m3 respectively while the inlet flow rate was 150L/h, 200L/h, 250L/h, 300L/h, at those conditions, the outlet H2S concentrations were lower than 8mg/m3 and the H2S removal efficiencies were more than 98%. The optimum gas retention time was 12.37s, corresponding to the inlet flow rate of 200L/h, at this time, even if the inlet H2S concentration as high as 700mg/m3, the removal efficiency could be still more than 98%, the outlet concentration of H2S was only 13.1mg/m3. The maximum inlet volume load was 130g/(m3•h), in this condition, the outlet concentration of H2S could be controlled below 12mg/m3, the removal efficiency could above 98.4%.
Degradation of Aqueous Safranine T Solution by DC Glow Discharge Plasma at Atmospheric Pressure Air
Authors: Wang Feng Qiu , Gao Ai Hua , Cheng Fang
Published: December 2012

The degradation of aqueous safranine T (ST) solution using direct current (DC) glow discharge plasma (GDP) at atmospheric pressure air was investigated. Several factors including pH, the gas gap between the anode tip and the solution surface, the anode needle sealed into the glass, which might impact the ST degradation process, were examined, respectively. Both the degradation rate of ST and the energy utilization efficiency were used as characteristic quantities to evaluate the degradation effect in our work. The results suggest that the highest degradation rate is 94.26% after 16 min treatment and the highest average energy utilization efficiency reaches 5.28 g/kWh in the 12 min treatment, the most suitable gas gap height and pH are 5 mm and 4.60, respectively. Meanwhile, the needle sealed with the glass facilitates the ST degradation process.
Research on Synergistic Effect of Microwave Irradiation-Fenton Oxidation Coupling Coagulation Process to Treat Dye Wastewater
Authors: Zhang Gen Lin , Yang Bo , Xu Xiao Jun , Cui Yi Qi
Published: December 2012

From various aspects, enhancement effect of microwave and synergistic effect of the combined process were investigated systematically to treat dye wastewater using microwave irradiation-Fenton oxidation coupling coagulation process. The results showed when microwave was introduced to enhance Fenton oxidation and coagulation process, the degradation efficiency of refractory organic substances in dye wastewater was significantly promoted, and treatment time and various dosages of flocculant, oxidant and catalyzer were also reduced obviously. The synergistic effect discussion of the combined system also indicated that microwave irradiation brought not only the thermal efficiency but also the non-thermal efficiency, which would accelerate to produce more hydroxyl radicals, and promote the molecular polarization of organic substances. The physical and chemical properties of refractory organic substances in dye wastewater could be changed, which would be helpful for the follow-up Fenton oxidation and coagulation process. These facts fully embodied that there existed synergetic effects in microwave irradiation-Fenton oxidation coupling coagulation process.
Study on Literature Analysis on UV/H2O2 Technology from 1969 to 2011
Authors: Li Mei , Xu Hang , Dai Shuhua , Liang Zhi Qiang
Published: December 2012

At present, many researchers focus on UV/H2O2 technology which is used to treat wastewater. In this paper, using “UV” and “Hydrogen Peroxide” as key words, all literatures in EI Index from 1969 to 2011 were searched by principle of literature metrology analysis. A detailed analysis was carried out in view of the year, journal, institution, country and language to reveal the status of international research and development on this technology. The statistics results show that a total of 1936 articles is published in 42 years and the literature number has increased year by year. The most articles were published in the last 10 years. Chinese researcher publishes the most articles all over the word. University is the main publication institution and English is the main language. Most of the articles were published on Journal of Hazardous Materials, Water Research and Water Science & Technology.
Township Sewage Artificial Wetland Depth Treatment Engineering Design
Authors: Xie Jia Feng , Yang Yun Long , Li Jian
Published: December 2012

Applying surface flow constructed wetlands/subsurface flow constructed wetlands/UV disinfection compound constructed wetland treating sewage treatment plant tail water，introducing the technological process，engineering design parameters and equipment configuration，and summarizing the design characteristics. The operation results showed that the average removal rate of COD，NH3-N，TN and TP was 24.3%，36.8%，20.7% and 24.2% respectively，and The effluent can fully meet Standard A of the first class in GB18918-2002，“Standard for Discharge of Pollutants from Sewage Treatment Works in Towns and Cities”.