bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fc-dependent protective efficacy of non-inhibitory antibodies targeting influenza A virus neuraminidase is limited by epitope availability
Authors: Pascha Mirte N. , Ballegeer Marlies , van Haperen Rien , Kooij Annick C. , van Miltenburg Danique M. , Smits Anthony A. , Schipper Jelle G. , Cui Hongrui , Albulescu Irina C. , Bosch Berend Jan , Grosveld Frank , van Kuppeveld Frank J.M. , Saelens Xavier , Drabek Dubravka , de Haan Cornelis A.M.
Published: September 2024

Antibodies targeting hemagglutinin and neuraminidase (NA) are key components of the adaptive immune response against influenza A virus (IAV). However, antigenic drift allows the virus to escape inhibition by such antibodies. In this study, we aimed to isolate antibodies with cross-subtype reactivity against human H1N1 and H3N2 IAVs from transgenic mice bearing genes encoding the human immunoglobulin variable regions. We immunized these mice with recombinant N1 and N2 NA proteins, presenting them either as unconjugated soluble proteins or conjugated to self-assembling protein nanoparticles. This approach yielded a panel of NA-specific monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) with various levels of intra-and inter-subtype reactivity for N1 and N2 NA. Three of these mAbs, which collectively recognize two distinct epitopes, were cross-reactive against N1 and N2 NAs in ELISA, but did not inhibit NA enzymatic activity. Two of these mAbs, 21H8 and 45D9, were selected for further characterization. These recognized different epitopes and induced Fc-mediated effector functions to varying extents. Prophylactic administration of 21H8, but not 45D9, protected mice against challenge with H1N1 IAV, while neither mAb protected against a H3N2 challenge. The observed protective efficacy correlated with the mAbs’ capacity, or lack thereof, to bind membrane-associated full-length NA. The introduction of Fc silencing mutations in mAb 21H8 resulted in an inability to activate NK cells or mediate phagocytosisin vitroand significantly reduced protectionin vivo, indicating that the protective efficacy of mAb 21H8 is Fc-dependent. However, mAb 21H8 expressed with reduced core fucosylation of its Fc N-glycan, which specifically enhanced NK cell activationin vitro, failed to improve protection against H1N1 challengein vivo. Future work is needed to decipher in more detail the mechanism of Fc-mediated protection against influenza via NA-specific antibodies and to identify the optimal strategies for their enhancement.
Discovering heavy neutral leptons with the Higgs boson
Authors: Bernal Nicolás , Deka Kuldeep , Losada Marta
Published: September 2024

We study the dominant signatures that arise in Higgs physics at colliders when extending the Standard Model (SM) with a Yukawa interaction to heavy neutral leptons, while suppressing their mixing to active neutrinos. We focus on the production of heavy neutral leptons from Higgs bosons that subsequently decay via the Higgs to SM fermions to determine the experimental reach at the LHC detectors and far detectors such as FASER and MATHUSLA. We also determine the impact of precision Higgs constraints on beyond-SM parameters in this scenario.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Learning to see
R
-parity violating scalar top decays
Authors: Bickendorf Gerrit , Drees Manuel
Published: September 2024

With this article, we introduce recent, improved machine learning methods from computer vision to the problem of event classification in particle physics. Supersymmetric scalar top decays to top quarks and weak-scale bino-like neutralinos, where the neutralinos decay via the UDD operator to three quarks, are difficult to search for and therefore weakly constrained. The jet substructure of the boosted decay products can be used to differentiate signal from background events. We apply the transformer-based computer vision models otet and axi to images built from jet constituents and compare the classification performance to a more classical convolutional neural network (CNN). We find that results from computer vision translate well to physics applications, and both transformer-based models perform better than the CNN. By replacing the CNN with axi, we find an improvement of S/B by a factor of almost 2 for some neutralino masses. We show that combining this classifier with additional features results in a strong separation of background and signal. We also find that replacing a CNN with a axi model in a simple mock analysis can push the 95% C.L. exclusion limit of stop masses by about 100 and 60 GeV for neutralino masses of 100 and 500 GeV.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Enhancing quantum state tomography via resource-efficient attention-based neural networks
Authors: Palmieri Adriano Macarone , Müller-Rigat Guillem , Srivastava Anubhav Kumar , Lewenstein Maciej , Rajchel-Mieldzioć Grzegorz , Płodzień Marcin
Published: September 2024

In this paper, we propose a method for denoising experimental density matrices that combines standard quantum state tomography with an attention-based neural network architecture. The algorithm learns the noise from the data itself, without knowledge of its sources. Firstly, we show how the proposed protocol can improve the averaged fidelity of reconstruction over linear inversion and maximum likelihood estimation in the finite-statistics regime, reducing at least by an order of magnitude the amount of necessary training data. Next, we demonstrate its use for out-of-distribution data in realistic scenarios. In particular, we consider squeezed states of few spins in the presence of depolarizing noise and measurement/calibration errors and certify its metrologically useful entanglement content. The protocol introduced here targets experiments involving few degrees of freedom and afflicted by a significant amount of unspecified noise. These include NISQ devices and platforms such as trapped ions or photonic qudits.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Physical properties and electronic structure of the two-gap superconductor
V2Ga5
Authors: Cheng P.-Y. , Oudah Mohamed , Hung T.-L. , Hsu C.-E. , Chang C.-C. , Haung J.-Y. , Liu T.-C. , Cheng C.-M. , Ou M.-N. , Chen W.-T. , Deng L. Z. , Lee C.-C. , Chen Y.-Y. , Kuo C.-N. , Lue C.-S. , Machts Janna , Kojima Kenji M. , Hallas Alannah M. , Huang C.-L.
Published: September 2024

We present a thorough investigation of the physical properties and superconductivity of the binary intermetallic V2Ga5. Electrical resistivity and specific heat measurements show that V2Ga5 enters its superconducting state below Tsc= 3.5 K, with a critical field of Hc2,⊥c(Hc2,||c)=6.5(4.1) kOe. With H⊥c, the peak effect was observed in resistivity measurements, indicating the ultrahigh quality of the single crystal studied. The resistivity measurements under high pressure reveal that the Tsc is suppressed linearly with pressure and reaches absolute zero around 20 GPa. Specific heat and muon spin relaxation measurements indicate that the two-gap s-wave model best describes the superconductivity of V2Ga5. The bands near the Fermi level around the

Z

and Γ points are observed and analyzed by the angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy measurements and first-principles band structure calculations. We therefore conclude that V2Ga5 is a phonon-mediated two-gap s-wave superconductor.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Top management team regulatory focus and technological diversification: evidence from China’s high-technology firms
Authors: Zhang Weiqi , Yu Lu , Wu Xiaobo , Zhang Shuyu
Published: September 2024

Purpose

This study aims to examine the impact of the regulatory focus of the top management team (TMT) members on the technological diversification of firms in high-technology industries based on the upper echelons theory and regulatory focus theory and explore the moderating effect of environmental uncertainty.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper uses data on the Chinese Growth Enterprises Market Board (GEM)-listed companies from 2012 to 2016. The authors collected data on TMT regulatory focus from firms’ annual reports by Python programming. A fixed-effects model was used to test our hypotheses.

Findings

Results indicate that TMTs with a high promotion focus are associated with greater technological diversification, while TMTs with a high prevention focus are linked to lower technological diversification. Moreover, environmental uncertainty amplifies the positive relationship between promotion-focused TMTs and technological diversification, while it diminishes the negative relationship between prevention-focused TMTs and technological diversification.

Research limitations/implications

This study is limited to high-technology firms listed on the Chinese GEM, which may restrict the generalizability of the findings. Future research could validate these results in different countries and industries to enhance their robustness. Additionally, this study focuses on the impact of TMT regulatory focus on technological diversification; future studies could explore its influence on other strategic decisions, such as digital transformation or innovation strategies.

Practical implications

The results suggest that firms should carefully consider the regulatory focus of their TMT when making strategic decisions regarding technological diversification. Boards of directors should ensure that the TMT’s regulatory focus aligns with the firm’s strategic objectives, particularly in high-technology industries. Moreover, firms should adapt their strategies to the level of environmental uncertainty to better navigate the risks and opportunities presented by a dynamic market environment.

Originality/value

Supportive evidence allows authors to discuss how our findings contribute to the upper echelons theory, as well as the emerging stream of firm technological diversification, which provided valuable psychological insights into the factors influencing TMT strategic decision-making. Meanwhile, this paper integrates the factors of the industry macro-environment to explore the changes in the TMT regulatory focus on firm technological diversification under different contexts.
The balconies as an archetype of well-being: a critical literature review
Authors: Ribeiro Catarina , Flores-Colen Inês , Valentim Lopes Nuno , Ramos Nuno M.M.
Published: September 2024

Purpose

The Covid-19 pandemic highlighted the contradictions inherent to balconies. Despite the attention given to these architectural elements on that moment, there is a knowledge gap concerning the preferences and expectations of the inhabitants in relation to them. For this reason, this paper aims to conduct a critical literature review of the publications about the inhabitants’ perceptions of balconies in order to identify the most relevant criteria to consider during the design process.

Design/methodology/approach

The analysis was based on the post-occupancy evaluation (POE) criteria (technical, functional and behavioural).

Findings

The results highlighted the relevance of the behavioural criteria for the valorisation of the balconies by the inhabitants and presented indications to the research about these liminal spaces and the design practice of housing buildings.

Originality/value

According to the authors’ best knowledge, this study represents the more holistic study of the kind.
Unmasking supplier greenwashing: how information sharing and green trust shape clients’ sustainability
Authors: Santos Célia , Coelho Arnaldo , Marques Alzira Maria Ascensão
Published: September 2024

Purpose

This study investigates the impact of supplier greenwashing on client sustainability, focusing on environmental, social and economic dimensions. It also emphasizes the mediating roles of information sharing and green trust in this relationship. By applying signalling theory, the research aims to deepen our understanding of the repercussions of greenwashing in interfirm relationships and identify potential mitigating or amplifying factors.

Design/methodology/approach

A sample of 312 companies were analysed using a structural equation model implemented with Analysis of Moment Structures (AMOS).

Findings

The study reveals that greenwashing negatively affects sustainability both directly and indirectly. Trust and information sharing emerge as crucial mediators in this dynamic, shedding light on the intricate interplay between greenwashing and sustainability.

Originality/value

This research contributes novelty by comprehensively examining the effects of supplier greenwashing practices on client sustainability within interfirm relationships. The application of signalling theory provides a nuanced understanding, highlighting the mediating roles of information sharing and green trust. The study adds valuable insights to the discourse on greenwashing, offering practical implications for businesses navigating sustainability challenges.
Comparative study for underlying concepts of land acquisition during post-disaster recovery in Italy, the United States and Japan
Authors: Otsuyama Kensuke , Mashiko Tomoyuki , Tsukuda Haruka
Published: September 2024

Purpose

Studies on land acquisition (LA) and recovery simulations have garnered considerable attention amidst climate change. Previous literature has reported that LA and relocation contribute to reducing repetitive disaster losses or downzoning (limiting development). However, studies on decision-making about resettlement or relocation for landowners or decision-makers for disaster-impacted lands are limited. This study aims to qualitatively illustrate LA program schemes for recovery, and identify the underlying concepts of LA in Italy, the United States and Japan. By doing so, this study contributes to construction of future agent-based recovery simulations.

Design/methodology/approach

This study seeks to identify a variety of LA models in different contexts to provide input for future works. This study employed multiple case studies to explore common and contrasting results, and identify varied LA concepts. The methodology involved a literature review, including official reports, to examine the timeframes of LA projects qualitatively, complemented using aerial photos to confirm related land use changes pre- and post-LA.

Findings

The results indicate that buyout programs in the United States enhance renaturalization in flood-prone areas as a downzoning approach. In contrast, LA in Japan focuses on the continuation of communities or neighborhoods through the recovery and relocation process. In Italy, LA is used to contribute to supporting the tradition/legacy of historic housing and facilities for post-disaster temporary dwellings, reflecting an underlying concept of “tradition and legacy.”

Originality/value

This comparative study fills a research gap by focusing on LA concepts, and its novelty lies in finding the underlying concepts of LA in three countries. Through international comparison, it suggests that LA in Japan could incorporate conservation of the historical town center or the opportunity for downzoning.
Manan Motors: readiness for rural distribution
Authors: Mittal Rajkumari , Sinha Parul , Rishi Bikramjit
Published: September 2024

Learning outcomes

This case study will help business management students learn the dynamics of distribution management in the rural context. After working through the case and assignment questions, the students will be able to:▪ Understand the transformation of rural retail from traditional models to organized modern retail;▪ Understand the opportunities and challenges of rural markets with specific reference to automobile products;▪ Identify and evaluate the various distribution channels available for rural markets; and▪ Devise a suitable rural-centric distribution model for automobile products following an appropriate logistics system.

Case overview/synopsis

Manan Motors, a dealership of Honda Motorcycle & Scooter India (HMSI) Private Limited in Hathras City of Uttar Pradesh province in India, has been operating successfully for the past two decades. Mr Manoj Bansal, the director at Manan Motors, was primarily targeting the urban markets with 60% dependency on the scooter portfolio of HMSI. But multiple pressures like stringent vehicle emission norms, price rise of two-wheelers and the impact of the pandemic took a toll upon the urban business of Honda Motorcycle and Scooter India Limited and subsequently upon Manan Motors. The sales for HMSI dipped from 15,121 million units in 2020–2021 to 13,466 million units in 2021–2022. Consequently, Bansal decided to alter the business strategy of Manan Motors and shift its focus from the urban to the rural territory of Hathras, where it could foresee demand for entry-level two-wheelers (engine capacity between 75 and 110 cc). Rural markets were developing, so Bansal realized that supplying a low-cost, low-end model to the rural Indian market was an opportunity for his dealership. Bansal’s decision to focus on the rural vertical of its two-wheeler business stirred several questions that floated in his mind. Should they manage distribution on their own, or through some channel members, or should they follow a rural-specific modern retail model?

Complexity academic level

The case study is designed for use by a postgraduate or executive-level audience for subjects such as sales and distribution management, distribution management and rural marketing. Students will understand the concept of distribution management and associated keywords specific to rural markets. The case study provides an opportunity to discuss and decide how a company can penetrate the rural market and also discusses the opportunities and challenges of rural distribution.

Supplementary materials

Teaching notes are available for educators only.

Subject code

CSS 9: Operations and logistics.
Applying the theory of consumption values to representational and nonrepresentational images in marketing: propositions and research directions
Authors: Ketron Seth , Naletelich Kelly , Yazdanparast Atefeh
Published: September 2024

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to (1) characterize representational and nonrepresentational images; (2) review the literature on representational and nonrepresentational images; (3) introduce the theory of consumption values (TCV) framework vis-à-vis representational and nonrepresentational images; and (4) generate propositions and questions for future research based on that intersection.

Design/methodology/approach

Conceptual/literature review with propositions and future research directions.

Findings

The authors offer nine propositions and several associated example research questions to explore and document the important ways in which representational and nonrepresentational images can affect the five dimensions of value as outlined in the TCV.

Research limitations/implications

It is the hope that this work serves as a theoretical starting point – surely, there are other theories and frameworks beyond the TCV that may share ties with types of images, which scholars should be encouraged to explore, but if the authors had attempted to document every possible theory, the result would be a limitless document. As such, the authors have honed the efforts on a broad-reaching framework, the TCV, in the attempt to balance theoretical insights with parsimony. Through exploration of these and other avenues, the authors hope that scholars and practitioners alike will benefit from elucidation of theories and effects around representational and nonrepresentational images.

Practical implications

Several practical implications flow from the dimensions and propositions within this work.

Originality/value

Representational and nonrepresentational images have featured prominently throughout visual content and communications for centuries, yet the current body of literature remains scant and underdeveloped in its relationship to marketing. The present work addresses this gap by using the TCV as an overarching framework to generate propositions and future research questions.
The demise of school-developed elective courses in NSW: a case study in centralisation
Authors: Filatov Ksenia
Published: September 2024

Purpose

In January 2021, the state government of NSW, Australia, announced that all year 9 and 10 elective courses developed by schools will be phased out. This paper offers a brief historical account of school-developed board-endorsed courses (SDBECs) in NSW and a close analysis of the policy to phase them out.

Design/methodology/approach

I give an historical account of the meaning and place of SDBECs within the NSW school system, before situating the policy decision to phase them out within the broader historical and political context of curriculum reform in NSW. Finally, I offer an analysis of the discourses and framing of the policy both across curriculum review reports and in the government and public rhetoric, by examining policy documents, government media releases, news and blog articles at the time of the policy change.

Findings

This policy change and surrounding discourses are contextualised and analysed to show how the curriculum came to be blamed for a host of educational problems, and how the government arrived at their irrational yet politically expedient policy response by distorting the meaning of one metaphor: the crowded curriculum. I conclude with a reading of the policy as indicative of centralisation and de-legitimisation of teachers’ curriculum development work.

Originality/value

The convergence of state and federal discourse about curriculum as a site of cleaning up, reforming or re-organising should concern educators in Australia especially as authority over education is increasingly centralised and made vulnerable to political whim. Close studies of such minor policy decisions provide a window into how larger processes of centralisation are justified and enacted at the local level.
Finite element method (FEM) analysis of heat transfer by natural convection in a circular cavity containing a corrugated hollow cylinder
Authors: Daiz Abdelhak , Hidki Rachid , Fares Redouane , Charqui Zouhair
Published: September 2024

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to analyze the free convection phenomena arising from a temperature disparity between a cold circular cylinder and a heated corrugated cylinder.

Design/methodology/approach

Numerical simulations were used to analyze the convection patterns. The inner cylinder, made of a thermally conductive solid material, was heated through its inner surface, while the space between the cylinders was filled with air. The governing equations for velocity, pressure and temperature were solved using a Galerkin finite element method-based solver for partial differential equations.

Findings

The study explored various parameters affecting the dynamic and thermal structure of the flow, including the Rayleigh number (103 ≤ Ra ≤ 106), the number of corrugations of the inner cylinder (3 ≤ N ≤ 18), the thermal conductivity of the hollow cylinder (1 ≤ K ≤ 200) and the angle of inclination of the inner cylinder (0° ≤ φ ≤ 90°). Results indicated a notable sensitivity of flow intensity to changes in the Rayleigh number and the inner cylinder’s inclination angle φ. Particularly, for Ra = 106, the average heat transfer rate increased by 203% with a K ratio increment from 1 to 100 but decreased by 16.3% as the number of corrugations increased from 3 to 18.

Originality/value

This research contributes to understanding the complex interplay between geometry, thermal properties and flow dynamics in natural convection systems involving cylindrical geometries. The findings offer useful insights for improving the transfer of heat procedures in real-world situations.
The impact of excess CSR expenditure on firm value and dividend payout in India: an analysis using firm age and size dynamics
Authors: Chettri Navin , Makan Leo Themjung
Published: September 2024

Purpose

The paper looks at the impact of excess amount of CSR expenditure (CSRE) in relation to mandatory CSRE in an Indian context on dividend payout (DP) and firm value (FV) where CSRE is mandatory, as well as how this relationship varies between firms based on their age and size.

Design/methodology/approach

A sample of the 657 companies listed on the National Stock Exchange (NSE) from 2014–15 to 2020–21 is used in the study, for which spending on CSR was mandatory. A two-step generalised method of the moment is employed to examine the relationship between the variables of interest.

Findings

The results show that excess CSREs neither increase the firm’s valuation nor benefit shareholders' economic benefits, i.e. dividend distribution. However, a deeper analysis reveals that excess CSRE is positively associated with FV in the case of smaller firms and also positively corresponds with DP in the case of younger firms.

Originality/value

The present study explicitly considers the excess CSR spending beyond the mandated requirements. It investigates whether such spending contributes to firms improving their valuation and explores its connection to DPs.

Peer review

The peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/IJSE-02-2024-0136
Exploring transdisciplinary interaction in higher education: urbanism through informal learning environment
Authors: Kesim Berk , Bengü Elif
Published: September 2024

Purpose

This study aims to explore interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary interactions around sustainability, focusing on the United Nations sustainable development goals (SDGs). By using the city as an informal learning space, it presents a case study to raise SDG awareness, promote interdisciplinarity, foster critical thinking and empower students.

Design/methodology/approach

Using qualitative content analysis, this study explores students' interdisciplinary engagements. The research centers on student-created Logbooks, combining field data for analysis via open coding.

Findings

The informal setting facilitates transdisciplinary interaction and enriches interdisciplinary skills while retaining individuals’ disciplinary tendencies.

Research limitations/implications

Factors like local geographical conditions and participant numbers could lead to minor variations in future course applications. Although initial problem topics and discussions are confined to local urban geography, they might diversify during implementation.

Practical implications

The Logbook serves as a guide for local urban issues and embodies interdisciplinary outcomes. It can be enhanced with maps and problem zoning.

Social implications

Demonstrates effective SDG integration into higher education.

Originality/value

This study spotlights interdisciplinary learning within an unconventional context – urbanism – bridging student gaps. Supported by a paradigm shift from sustainability to unsustainability, it underscores the significance of critical engagement with SDGs.
Baseline assessment and benchmarking of patient safety culture in Jordan: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Albsoul Rania Ali , Alshyyab Muhammad Ahmed , Alomari Sawsan , AlHammouri Hashim , Al-Abed Zaid , Kofahi Zaid , Atiyeh Raya , Alsyoof Rana , Jamrah Ashraf , Alkandari Abdulwahab , Borkoles Erika , Alkhaldi Sireen , Fitzgerald Gerard
Published: September 2024

Purpose

To assess patient safety culture in a teaching hospital in Jordan, identify the demographic and professional characteristics that impact safety culture, and benchmark patient safety culture with similar studies in the region.

Design/methodology/approach

A cross-sectional design was applied. Responses were analyzed using SPSS software. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data.

Findings

In total, 430 (80.5%) participants were nurses and physicians; 300 (56.20%) were females; 270 (50.6%) were in the age group 25–34 years of age. Participants provided the highest positive ratings for “teamwork within units” (60.7%). On the contrary, participants recorded a low positive reaction to the proposition that the response to error was punitive in nature. Of the participants, about 53% did not report any events in the past year.

Originality/value

The average positive response of PSC composites varied from 28.2 to 60.7%. Therefore, patient safety culture in this Jordanian hospital was revealed fragile. This research informs and enables managers and policymakers to plan for future interventions to improve patient safety culture in healthcare institutions.
Unlocking emotional labor: how organizational control systems shape frontline service employees’ emotional labor
Authors: Hur Won-Moo , Park Hyewon , Chung June-ho
Published: September 2024

Purpose

This study investigates how organizational control systems induce emotional labor in frontline service employees (FLEs). Drawing on the stimulus–organism–response (S-O-R) theory, we hypothesized that two control systems, an outcome-based control system (OBCS) and a behavior-based control system (BBCS), trigger work engagement rather than organizational dehumanization in FLEs, leading them to choose deep acting rather than surface acting as an emotional labor strategy.

Design/methodology/approach

This study employed three-wave online surveys conducted 3–4 months apart to assess the time-lagged effects of S-O-R. We measured OBCS, BBCS (stimuli) and control variables at Time 1 (T1); work engagement and organizational dehumanization (organisms) at Time 2 (T2) and emotional labor strategies (responses) at Time 3 (T3). A total of 218 employees completed the T1, T2 and T3 surveys.

Findings

OBCS increased work engagement, leading to increased deep acting. BBCS enhanced organizational dehumanization, leading to increased surface acting. Post-hoc analysis confirmed that the indirect effect of OBCS on deep acting through work engagement and the mediation effect of BBCS on surface acting through organizational dehumanization were statistically significant.

Originality/value

This study collected three-wave data to reveal how organizational control systems affect FLEs’ emotional labor in the S-O-R framework. It illustrated how organizations induce FLEs to perform effective emotional strategies by investigating the effects of organizational control systems on their internal states.
Identifying hotspots and emerging trends in innovation determinants: a bibliometric analysis in the context of entrepreneurship and resource-based view
Authors: Karray Saada , Argoubi Majdi , Masmoudi Meryem
Published: September 2024

Purpose

This study aims to contribute to the understanding of Entrepreneurship and Resource-Based View (RBV) by investigating the research landscape of Innovation Determinants (ID). Through an extensive bibliometric analysis and knowledge mapping, we explore intellectual structures, emerging trends, research hotspots, and future prospects in the field from 1990 to December 2022. Additionally, we focus on identifying top research organizations, authors, collaboration patterns, and commonly used keywords to advance knowledge and awareness in this area.

Design/methodology/approach

A comprehensive retrieval strategy was employed to gather 2359 articles on ID from Web of Science, covering the period from 1990 to 2022. Utilizing CiteSpace as a visualization tool, we visually represent authors, institutions, and keywords. By examining knowledge maps using various indicators, we showcase the intellectual foundation and current research frontiers within the domain of ID.

Findings

Our findings reveal significant progress in academic research on ID over the past three decades, with a substantial number of 2359 published articles in the field. This signifies considerable advancement in exploring ID. The analysis of the co-authorship network presents a network of 406 authors represented as nodes and 112 collaborative interactions as links. The network's density indicates that only a minute 0.14% of the potential connections in the ID network have been established, highlighting the need for more cohesive and extensive global collaborations in this field.

Originality/value

This paper's originality lies in its temporal and dynamic examination of the past thirty years, utilizing CiteSpace for co-citation and co-occurrence network analysis. Additionally, the scientometric analysis reveals key co-occurring keywords, providing insights into the conceptual characteristics within the research field.
The impact of the context on the university students’ start-up activities
Authors: Leiva Juan Carlos Carlos , Escandón-Barbosa Diana , Moreno-Gómez Jorge , Mora-Esquivel Ronald
Published: September 2024

Purpose

This study aims to explore the impact of different contextual factors and their interactions on university students' entrepreneurship, specifically start-up activities.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper used a multilevel hierarchical model with four contextual factors: i) industry and technological, ii) institutional and policy, iii) organizational-university; and iv) cultural. Each of these factors might influence university students’ start-up activities differently. To address this exploratory direction, the study used a sample of 34,200 nascent entrepreneurs from 34 countries included in the Global University Entrepreneurial Spirit students’ Survey, along with data from the World Economic Forum’s Global Competitiveness Index, Global Entrepreneurship Index and Global Leadership and Organizational Behavior Effectiveness Index.

Findings

The results show that, in general terms, contextual elements impact university students’ start-up activities. Nevertheless, when these factors are combined, their effect increases strongly with the performance-based culture but decreases with a high level of a socially supportive culture.

Originality/value

Regarding the study of university students’ start-up activities, most scientific evidence has an individual-level approach without considering the influence of the context. The paper adopts a multilevel approach for such analysis to reflect the multilevel and context-dependent nature of the topic under study.
Preparation and properties of organic montmorillonite/SiO2 aerogel/PET composites and their fibers
Authors: Xu Shi , Gao Hongyu , Yang Fukang , Zhang Ziyue , Wang Shuolei , Jiang Xiaojian , Dong Yubing
Published: September 2024

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to improve the mechanical properties, thermal insulation properties and flame retardant properties of polyethylene terephthalate (PET), the organic montmorillonite (OMMT)/SiO2 aerogel/PET composites and fibers were prepared, and the effects of the OMMT/SiO2 aerogel on the structure, thermal conductivity and flame retardance of the OMMT/SiO2 aerogel/PET composites and their fibers were systematically investigated.

Design/methodology/approach

The OMMT/SiO2 aerogel/PET composites and fibers were prepared by in-situ polymerization and melt spinning using SiO2 aerogel as thermal insulation filler and OMMT (DK2) as comodified filler.

Findings

The experimental results showed that OMMT improved the crystallization properties of PET. Compared with the crystallinity of SiO2 aerogel/PET composites (34.8%), SiO2 aerogel/PET composites and their fibers reached 45.1% and 49.2%, respectively. The breaking strength of the OMMT/SiO2 aerogel/PET composite fibers were gradually increased with the OMMT content. When the content of OMMT was 0.8 wt.%, the fracture strength of the composite fibers reached 4.40 cN/dtex, which was 54% higher than that of the SiO2 aerogel/PET fiber. In addition, the thermal insulation properties of the composites and their fibers were improved by addition of fillers, and at the same time reached the flame retardant level. The thermal conductivity of the 0.8 wt.% OMMT/SiO2 aerogel/PET composites was 101.78 mW/(m·K), which was 49.3% and 58.8% lower than that of the SiO2 aerogel/PET composites and the pure PET, respectively. The thermal conductivity of the fiber fabrics woven from the 0.8 wt.% OMMT/SiO2 aerogel/PET composites was 28.18 mW/(m·K), which was 29.0% and 44.6% lower than that of the SiO2 aerogel/PET composite fiber fabrics and PET fiber fabrics. The flame retardancy of the composites was improved, with an limiting oxygen index value of 29.2% for the 0.8 wt.% OMMT/SiO2 aerogel/PET composites, which was 4.1% higher compared to the SiO2 aerogel/PET composites, and achieved the flame retardant level.

Research limitations/implications

The SiO2 aerogel/PET composites and their fibers have good mechanical properties, flame retardant properties and thermal insulation properties, exhibited good potential for application in the field of thermal insulation, such as warm clothing. Nowadays, as the energy crisis is becoming more and more serious, it is very important to improve the thermal insulation properties of PET to reduce energy losses and mitigate the energy crisis.

Originality/value

In this study, PET based composites and their fibers with excellent mechanical properties, thermal insulation properties and flame retardant property were obtained by using three-dimensional network porous silica aerogel with low density and low thermal conductivity as the thermal insulation functional filler and two-dimensional layered OMMT as the synergetic modified filler.
The effects of online brand communities in enhancing sport team brand equity: role of brand attachment and consumer brand engagement
Authors: Ghorbanzadeh Davood , Rahehagh Atena , Sharbatiyan Mohsen
Published: September 2024

Purpose

Online brand communities (OBCs) and their role in determining consumer behavior is gathering interest of theorists and practitioners. This study examines the role of OBCs in influencing the level of involvement leading to perceived sport team brand equity (STBE) of sports fans from a social exchange theory perspective. The role of self-congruity as a moderator is examined to determine the differences in the level of involvement and attachment of fans in OBCs.

Design/methodology/approach

Based on quantitative research and convenience sampling, data for the study were collected from 394 football fans who were existing members of OBCs. The research model is tested using partial least square structural equation modeling.

Findings

The results show a direct and significant impact of brand involvement on brand attachment. Consumer brand engagement (CBE) mediates the relationship between brand attachment and STBE. While self-congruence does moderate the effects between brand involvement and brand attachment.

Originality/value

The study reveals the role of community related factors on sports fans’ perceived STBE. The study also provided a novel approach to examine sport fan behavior in social media through the lens of social exchange theory. Finally, it is providing a novel approach in examining role of OBCs in influencing behavior of sports team fans towards the team and brand.
The protective power of hope and belonging in the workplace
Authors: Smith Brad
Published: September 2024

Purpose

In today’s turbulent and demanding work environment, the negative effects of workplace stress and strain on employee health and organizational productivity have been well-documented. Positive organizational scholarship has increasingly highlighted the importance of fostering psychological resources that can help buffer against such strains and facilitate employee thriving, resilience and performance. Hope and belonging are two key workplace resources that the mental health and retention effects of which have not been fully explored. The purpose of this paper is to highlight the potential value of both hope and belonging as critical workplace psychological resources that may help employees optimize mental well-being and employers improve retention and productivity.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors collected responses to an online questionnaire distributed in January 2024 to employees drawn from meQuilibrium customers. The final sample consisted of 5,989 employed adults ages 18 and over.

Findings

Among participants, intrinsic hope was more commonly reported than hope derived from extrinsic sources. These data show that high levels of internal or intrinsic hope correlate with reduced anxiety and depression risks. Internal hope also significantly lowers quiet quitting and turnover intent. Among participants, a strong sense of belonging correlates with lower risks of anxiety and depression.

Originality/value

To the best of the author’s knowledge, this paper is the first to investigate the value of hope for employee well-being, retention and performance and adds to the literature on belonging at work.
Comparative genomics identifies key adaptive traits of sponge‐associated microbial symbionts
Authors: O'Brien Paul A. , Robbins Steven J. , Tan Shangjin , Rix Laura , Miller David J. , Webster Nicole S. , Zhang Guojie , Bourne David G.
Published: September 2024

Sponge microbiomes are often highly diverse making it difficult to determine which lineages are important for maintaining host health and homeostasis. Characterising genomic traits associated with symbiosis can improve our knowledge of which lineages have adapted to their host and what functions they might provide. Here we examined five microbial families associated with sponges that have previously shown evidence of cophylogeny, including Endozoicomonadaceae, Nitrosopumilaceae, Spirochaetaceae, Microtrichaceae and Thermoanaerobaculaceae, to better understand the mechanisms behind their symbiosis. We compared sponge‐associated genomes to genomes found in other environments and found that sponge‐specific clades were enriched in genes encoding many known mechanisms for symbiont survival, such as avoiding phagocytosis and defence against foreign genetic elements. We expand on previous knowledge to show that glycosyl hydrolases with sulfatases and sulfotransferases likely form multienzyme degradation pathways to break and remodel sulfated polysaccharides and reveal an enrichment in superoxide dismutase that may prevent damage from free oxygen radicals produced by the host. Finally, we identified novel traits in sponge‐associated symbionts, such as urea metabolism in Spirochaetaceae which was previously shown to be rare in the phylum Spirochaetota. These results identify putative mechanisms by which symbionts have adapted to living in association with sponges.
Anthropogenic illness and harmony in nature: Redefining health in modern Vietnam
Authors: Yen Le Hoang Ngoc
Published: September 2024

The Vietnamese public increasingly attribute the rise in cancer and chronic diseases to factors such as environmental pollution, food safety issues and contemporary lifestyles. This article examines these perceptions through interviews with individuals living with chronic conditions, their caregivers, and adherents of a macrobiotic diet − an alternative health approach. The study reveals a prevailing belief that illnesses manifest anthropogenic impacts within the human body, signifying the detrimental effects of human‐induced environmental changes. The advocated solution, encapsulated in the macrobiotic diet, is viewed as a ‘return’ to more natural living. This approach is not merely dietary but also symbolizes a broader philosophical shift towards ‘de‐anthropogenizing’ – a concerted effort to cleanse the body of environmental impurities caused by human actions. The macrobiotic practice, therefore, represents more than a health strategy; it embodies a profound desire to realign human activities with natural processes. This study underscores an emergent narrative in Vietnam where health recovery and environmental stewardship converge, advocating for a respectful, harmonious coexistence with nature. The findings highlight the complex interplay between public health, environmental consciousness and the search for alternative solutions in the face of mounting concerns over the impact of modernization on individual and collective well‐being.
Pre‐hospital ‘dirty adrenaline’: A descriptive case series of patients receiving peripheral dilute adrenaline infusions in Central Australian remote nurse‐led clinics prior to aeromedical retrieval
Authors: Braham David , Adams Daniel W S , Johnson Richard
Published: September 2024

Objectives

‘Dirty adrenaline’ is the informal term used for a rapidly made peripheral dilute adrenaline infusion in the emergency treatment of shock, most commonly 1 mg adrenaline in 1 L 0.9% NaCl. It has long been part of the remote clinician's arsenal despite no supporting scientific literature. Remote clinics in Central Australia can be hours away from critical care support. The region's high prevalence of renal and cardiac disease means that access to early vasopressors and inotropes is a necessity for treating shock. To tackle this, remote clinicians often use ‘dirty adrenaline’. We present a review of ‘dirty adrenaline’ use in this region.

Methods

Central Australian Retrieval Service's database was screened to identify cases in which a peripheral dilute adrenaline infusion was administered in a remote clinic prior to patient aeromedical retrieval. A retrospective chart review collected: patient demographics; clinical characteristics; infusion details; adverse events; hospital lengths of stay; and mortality outcomes.

Results

Fifty‐seven cases were identified. Median patient age was 50 (range: 2–96). Septic shock was the most common clinical indication (40/57). Median infusion duration was 155 min. Median systolic BP from commencement until retrieval increased from 75.5 to 91 mmHg. Survival to hospital discharge was 86% (49/57). No significant adverse events associated with ‘dirty adrenaline’ were recorded.

Conclusion

‘Dirty adrenaline’ is safe to administer and appears to considerably improve survival when used to treat fluid‐resistant shock in remote nurse‐led clinics guided by an off‐site critical care physician.
Effect of temperature on in vitro germination and growth of Colletotrichum fioriniae, a new emerging pathogen of olive fruits
Authors: Brugneti Federico , Rossini Luca , Drais Mounira Inas , Turco Silvia , Mazzaglia Angelo
Published: September 2024

Olive anthracnose induced by different Colletotrichum species causes dramatic losses of fruit yield and oil quality. The increasing incidence of Colletotrichum fioriniae (Colletotrichum acutatum species complex) as causal agent of olive anthracnose in Italy, is endorsing new studies on its biology, ecology, and environmental factors such as temperature. Five isolates from different sampling sites in Lazio region (Central Italy) were studied under controlled laboratory conditions aiming to better understand the differences of thermal development among the isolates and to lay the foundations of a future mathematical model able to describe the key aspects of the pathogen's life cycle. The mycelial growth rate and the conidial germination rate were assessed at seven different constant temperatures (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, and 35°C) and fixed relative humidity (100% RH). The obtained dataset was analysed to estimate the parameters of mathematical functions that connect the mycelial growth rate and the spore germination with the environmental temperature. The parameters set provided as the result of this study constitute a key step forward in the biological knowledge of the species and the basis for future formulations of mathematical models that might be the core of decision support systems in an integrated pest management framework.