bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Kualitas Pengungkapan Corporate Social Responsibility, Gender Dewan Direksi, Dan Gender Dewan Komisaris Terhadap Tax Aggressive
Authors: Rahman Beni , Cheisviyanny Charoline
Published: July 2021

The objective of this study is to examine the effect of quality of corporate social responsibility disclosures and board’s gender on tax aggressive. The analysis technique used multiple regression analysis methods. The sample for this study consisted of 19 companies listed on the Indonesia stock exchange (BEI) and reported sustainability reports for 2015-2018, so that 76 observations were obtained. The results found that quality of CSR disclosure has no effect on tax aggressive, the gender on board of directors has no effect on tax aggressive. While the gender on board of commissioners has negative effect on tax aggressive. Future researches are sugested to focus on each  company to get better results.
Pengaruh Faktor Finansial Dan Faktor Non Finansial Terhadap Kinerja Keuangan Pemerintah Desa
Authors: Elmiza Elmiza , Arza Fefri Indra
Published: July 2021

This study aims to determine the effect of Financial Factors (Original Village Income, Transfer Funds, Other Income, Village Expenditures and Extra Time Budget Calculation / SiLPA) and Non-Financial Factors (Area of Village Area, Number of Population, Size of Village Government, Educational Background of Village Head, and Term of Office village head) on the Financial Performance of the Village Government in the nagari in Tanah Datar District in 2016-2018. The data use secondary data. The sampling technique uses Simple Random Sampling method with a total sample of 47 villages with a period of time of 3 years. Analysis of the data using multiple linear regression analysis.The results showed that Original Village Income, Transfer Funds, and Size of Village Government had a negative and significant effect on the Financial Performance of the Village Government. Village Expenditures Government had a positive and significant effect on the Financial Performance of the Village Government. Other Income, Extra Time Budget Calculation/SiLPA, Area of Village Area, Number of Population, Educational Background of Village Head, and Term of Office village head had no effect onthe Financial Performance of the Village Government.
МОДЕЛЬ ДИНАМІКИ ОДНОСЕКТОРНОЇ ЕКОЛОГІЧНОЇ ЕКОНОМІКИ
Authors: Григорків М.В.
Published: July 2021

Розкрито актуальність проблем еколого-економічної взаємодії, вдосконалення методологічних підходів до їх дослідження та розробки інструментарію моделювання економіки, у якій процеси екологізації та соціалізації збалансовані. Запропоновано динамічну модель односекторної економіки, яка займається виробництвом основного агрегованого продукту та утилізацією виробничого забруднення, створеного економікою, та невиробничого забруднення, створеного поза межами виробничо-економічної діяльності. Модель призначена як для теоретичних, так і прикладних досліджень еколого-економічної динаміки. При наявності адекватного інформаційного забезпечення експериментальні дослідження з моделлю у режимі комп’ютерної імітації дозволяють встановити основні закономірності, тенденції та тренди реальної динаміки еколого-економічних систем і розробити сценарії еколого-економічного розвитку, які можуть бути використані при прийнятті відповідних управлінських рішень.
PECULIARITIES OF SINGLE CRYSTAL GROWTH OF SOLID SOLUTION IN SYSTEMS Ag6PS5I‒Ag7GeS5I AND Ag7SiS5I‒Ag7GeS5I
Authors: Pogodin A.I. , Filep M.J , Kokhan O.P. , Malakhovska T.А. , Shender I.A. , Studenyak I.P.
Published: July 2021

The application of innovative resolutions that are technically grounded and economically acceptable with the use of environmentally friendly components is one of the important points at the present stage of human development to promote the ideas of efficient use of energy resources. Superionic conductors take a leading role in solving the problems of energy-saving technologies because electrochemical sensors and solid energy sources based on them can be created. Quaternary silver-containing compounds of argyrodite structure Ag6PS5I, Ag7SiS5I, and Ag7GeS5I have many advantages, in particular chemical stability, high values of ionic conductivity, the ability to form wide series of solid solutions due to the structural features. This work is devoted to the development and optimization of technology for obtaining high-quality single-crystal samples of solid solutions based on compounds of argyrodite structure formed in systems Ag6PS5I‒Ag7GeS5I та Ag7SiS5I‒Ag7GeS5I.
The synthesis of solid solutions of the investigated systems was carried out by a direct single-temperature method from previously obtained quaternary compounds Ag6PS5I, Ag7SiS5I, and Ag7GeS5I. The maximal temperature of synthesis was 1273 K (exposure 72 h). Cooling to the experimentally selected annealing temperatures of 733 K (Ag6PS5I‒Ag7GeS5I) and 873 K (Ag7SiS5I‒Ag7GeS5I) was performed at a rate of 100 K/h. The annealing was performed for 120 hours.
Crystal growth of solid solutions based on Ag6PS5I, Ag7SiS5I, and Ag7GeS5I phases was carried out by the directional crystallization from solution-melt by the Bridgman technique. The growth of single crystals was carried out in a three-zone furnace in a quartz container with a conical bottom. The optimal technological regimes for crystal growth of solid solutions of Ag6PS5I‒Ag7GeS5I and Ag7SiS5I‒Ag7GeS5I systems have been established. Grown single crystals of solid solutions Ag6+x(P1-xGex)S5I (х=0.25, 0.5, 0.75) and Ag7(Si1-xGex)S5I (х=0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8) were dark gray color with metallic luster 30-40 mm long and 10-12 mm in diameter. Obtained crystals were investigated by X-ray diffraction analysis. Calculated lattice parameters change according to Vegard’s rule and confirm the formation of solid solutions in studied systems.
OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF NANOSIZED ZINC OXIDE OBTAINED BY ELECTROCHEMICAL METHOD
Authors: Rudyk B.P. , Nechyporuk B.D. , Kolomys O.F. , Strelchuk V.V , Dzhagan V.M. , Yukhymchuk V.O.
Published: July 2021

For the synthesis of nanostructured ZnO, the electrolytic method developed by the authors was used, the advantages of which are the environmentally friendly and low-cost process, low synthesis temperatures (20-98°C), and no need for complex equipment. The developed method allows to obtain low-dispersion materials of different elemental composition, in particular, zinc compounds – ZnO and hydrozincite, which were studied in this work. Investigation of the samples by X-ray diffractometry (XRD) showed that the synthesized ZnO is characterized by the hexagonal structure of wurtzite, P63mc, and for hydrozincite – by the monoclinic prismatic structure C2/m. Studies of the synthesized nanocrystals (NC) of ZnO by scanning electron microscopy have shown that they form in the shape of rods and "nanostars", and their concentration increases with increasing electrolyte temperature during synthesis. At the same time, according to XRD, the concentration of hydrozincite in the synthesized powder decreases with increasing electrolyte temperature.
It is established that the technological parameters of ZnO synthesis and subsequent annealing significantly affect the photoluminescence (PL) spectra. In particular, the effect of increasing the oxygen concentration in the electrolyte on the PL was investigated. It is shown that purging air through the electrolyte in the process of ZnO synthesis leads to a change in the number of photogenerating defects VO+ and Oi, which is manifested in a change in the intensities of individual PL bands. In particular, an increase in the intensity of ~ 440 nm PL band was registered, which is due to an increase in the number of defects associated with oxygen inclusions (Oi) in the ZnO lattice and the formation of hydrozincite (Zn5(OH)6(CO3)2); the formation of the latter was confirmed by X-ray diffraction. It has been shown that annealing of the powder synthesized with purging with air leads to an increase in the intensity of the exciton ZnO band, which is explained by thermal decomposition of hydrozincite to an "active" ZnO with a well-developed surface. It is demonstrated that the PL of the obtained phosphor based on ZnO NCs covers the entire visible spectrum, which is important for the creation of white light sources.
In the resonant Raman spectra (lexcitation = 325 nm) of the annealed ZnO samples, only an A1(LO) first-order optical phonon is manifested at ~ 573 cm-1, and its overtones up to the 4th order, which confirms the high crystalline perfection of the synthesized ZnO material.
CALCULATION OF HYDROPHILIC-LIPOPHILIC BALANCE FOR THE SYSTEM OF 2,3-SUBSTITUTED-5,6-DIHYDRO-3H-[1,3]THIAZOLO[3,2-b][1,2,4]TRIAZOL-7-IUM
Authors: Fizer O.I. , Kryvoviaz I.A. , Fizer M.M. , Slivka M.V.
Published: July 2021

Cationic surfactants are widely used in industry, medicine, and in studies of a number of physicochemical processes. Analysis of the literature data indicates the high biological activity of cationic surfactants, particularly antimicrobial, antifungal, and in general biocidal. Currently, QSPR methods are increasingly used; they allow the prediction of properties based on the compound's molecular structure. One of the important parameters of cationic surfactants is the ratio of polar (positively charged "head") and non-polar (long hydrocarbon "tail") parts of their molecules. This ratio is called hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB). In 1949, Griffin and Davis developed HLB scales of colloidal surfactants, according to which the HLB parameter can take values in the range from 1 (the substance is insoluble in water but soluble in nonpolar liquids) to 40 (the substance is soluble in water and insoluble in nonpolar liquids) conventional units. Given the complexity of the experimental determination of HLB, mathematical additive models for its calculation were developed.
In our previous studies, methods for the synthesis of cationic 1,2,4-triazolium systems, including cationic surfactants based on 1,3-thiazolo-1,2,4-triazole condensed nucleus, were developed. Thus, 2,3-substituted-5,6-dihydro-3H-[1,3]thiazolo[3,2-b][1,2,4]triazol-7-ium were selected as model objects in this study.
The construction of model compounds was performed in the Avogadro program with subsequent optimization of the geometry using the force field MMFF94. The HLB index was calculated by three methods: Griffin, Davis, and the ratio of polar and nonpolar areas on the isosurface of the molecule using the software package Vega ZZ.
Simple approach for calculating HLB based on the number of carbon atoms in long alkyl substituents have been established. HLB values are the largest when calculating the ratio of polar and non-polar parts of the molecule. The calculated values of HLB vary in a wide range, which allows referring the investigated systems to emulsifiers "oil/water" (for short alkyl chains C1–C4), wetting agents (for short alkyl chains C1–C5), emulsifiers "water/oil" (for alkyl chains C5–C20), antifoams (for alkyl chains C18–C20).
CHALCOGENATION OF N-ALKENYL DERIVATIVES OF 2-THIOXO-2,3-DIHYDRO QUINAZOLINE-4(1H)-ONE
Authors: Kut D. , Kut М.М. , Onysko M. , Balog I. , Lendel V.
Published: July 2021

Oxo- and thio-substituted quinazolines are promising biologically active objects. A special place in a number of quinazolines is occupied by its condensed analogues, namely thiazoloquinazolines, which exhibit antioxidant, antimicrobial and antitumor activity. An effective method for the synthesis of condensed quinazoline derivatives is electrophilic intramolecular cyclization of its unsaturated derivatives. The usage of pharmacoformic chalcogen-containing electrophiles in these reactions has been insufficiently studied. Organochalcogen-containing heterocyclic compounds are the promising biologically active substances with different pharmacological action. Therefore, the study of reactions of electrophilic intramolecular cyclization of N(3)-alkenyl derivatives of 2-thioxo-2,3-dihydroquinazolin-4(1H)-one under the action of chalcogen tetrahalides is an urgent task.
N (3)-alkenyl derivatives of 2,3-dihydroquinazolin-4(1H)-one were used as the object of study. It was found that the interaction of tellurium tetrabromide with N(3)-alkenyl-2-thioxoquinazolin-4-ones in glacial acetic acid leads to linear hydrobromides of 2-[(tribromotelluro) methyl]-2,3-dihydro-5H-[1,3]thiazolo[2,3-b]quinazolin-5-one.
In the reaction with N(3)-methallyl-2-thioxo-2,3-dihydroquinazolin-4(1H)-one, individual tellurium tetrachloride was used, which was obtained by passing chlorine over the tellurium. It is proved that halotellurium-induced cyclization of N-methallyl quinazolone with tellurium tetrachloride occurs regioselectively with the formation of 2-methyl-2-[(trichlorotelluro)methyl]-2,3-dihydro-5H- [1,3]thiazolo[2,3-b]quinazoline-5-one hydrochloride of linear structure.
In order to study the influence of the nature of chalcogen in the electrophilic reagent on the regiochemistry of cyclization in the reaction with N(3)-methallyl-2-thioxo-2,3-dihydroquinazolin-4(1H)-one, obtained in situ selenium tetrachloride was used. The selenochlorination reaction of N(3)-methallyl-2-thioxo-2,3-dihydroquinazolin-4(1H)-one in chloroform gave a linear hydrochloride of 2-methyl-2-[(trichloroseleno)methyl]-2,3-dihydro-5H-[1,3]thiazolo[2,3-b]quinazolin-5-one.
Thus, the regiochemistry of electrophilic intramolecular cyclization of N(3)-alkenyl-2-thioxo-2,3-dihydroquinazolin-4(1H)-ones by chalcogentetrahalides was investigated and it was proved that the annulationof the thiazoline cycle occurs with the formation of bioperspective bundles of tricyclic heterocycles of linear constitution independently from nature and origin of electrophilic reagent.
VOLYN GYMNASIUM (KREMENETS LYCEUM) OF THE FIRST THIRD OF THE XIX CENTURY AS THE DAWN OF THE FUTURE UNIVERSITY
Authors: Karlina Oksana
Published: July 2021

The article substantiates the opinion that Tadeusz Czacki and Hugo Kolontai, with the support of Prince Adam Jerzy Czartoryski, followed the policy of accomplished facts in the organization of the gymnasium in Kremenets. Since the opening of the gymnasium, they and their followers had focused their activities on establishing a future university in Volyn. The author focuses on the special status of the Volyn Gymnasium, forming its image as the most essential, well-organized institution of the region, which combined education and science. The characteristic of the teaching staff was given. It was emphasized that the teachers of Volyn Gymnasium showed interesting in creative work, had pedagogical achievements and considerable scientific works. It was underlined that the educational goal realization, which was determined when the gymnasium was founded, was provided by an excellent material base. The transformation of the gymnasium into a lyceum as an educational institution close to Vilnius University in terms of its curriculum was followed. The aristocrats’ and gentry’s perception of Volyn Lyceum as a source of knowledge and culture necessary both in everyday life and to preserve their identity was shown. The ambition of descendants of landless gentry to study in Kremenets was explained by the desire to increase their social status through education. It was noted that the Gymnasium (Lyceum) influenced the lives of Kremenets and its inhabitants, showing them specific preferences and cultural levels. It was concluded that the Russian government (realizing its political goals in the south-western provinces after the November Uprising of 1830) took advantage of the achievements of Volyn Gymnasium (Lyceum) such as good organization and high level of education provided by qualified teachers, properly equipped classrooms, a wonderful botanical garden and a rich library that corresponded to the level of the higher educational institution when opened the University of St. Volodymyr in Kyiv.
INTEGRATION IDEOLOGY IN THE PEOPLE IN CENTRAL EUROPE
Authors: Bevzyuk Evgen
Published: July 2021

To achieve the primary goal of the research, the author has considered it to be necessary to solve a number of the following tasks: to scientifically, logically, argumentatively, and coherently lay out specifics of the process of Slavic national ideology formation and reveal its main features. The national-patriotic mood was not limited merely by the demand for cultural reforms by the beginning of the revolution. It gradually transformed into the context of new political and socio-economic ideas. At the same time, in the meaning of the national paradigm of the Slavic National Movement, the idea of its moderation or passive opposition actualized drastically. In general, the national paradigm was a specific mixture of political ideas. Political freedom – democracy, social and personal guarantees – took a somewhat secondary place, the struggle for national justice with its moral and cultural principles became dominant. On the eve of the 1848 revolution, western Slavs were involved in modernizing their national ideology. Although this process was an all-European phenomenon and large ethnic units were undergoing self-determination, the spiritual renaissance of the western Slavs had specific regional and ethnic characteristics, thus attracting the political attention of the governments of great empires – the Austrian and the Russian. For Russia, the biggest Slavonic country, the idea of the general Slavonic ethnic unity and the Pan-Slavistic ideology had scientific character and served as a factor of geopolitical interest. Gradually, the idea of Panslavism received a variety of interpretations - from Russophilism to state or tsarophilic Pan-Slavism, and during the «Spring of Nations» and democratic Pan-Slavism. In an attempt to oppose the popularization of political Panslavism, Western national ideologues were forced to look for alternative ways to integrate the centripetal interests of the Austrian Slavs, which was reflected in another supranational conception of Austro-Slavicism.
THE SPECIFIC FEATURES OF DEVELOPMENT OF THE ORTHODOX MOVEMENT IN SUBCARPATHIAN RUS IN THE SECOND HALF OF THE 1920S (BASED ON THE EXAMPLE OF BILKY AND VELYKI LUCHKY VILLAGES)
Authors: Danylets Iurii
Published: July 2021

This paper analyzes the newly discovered archival documents and materials of periodicals focusing on the development of the Orthodox movement in the second half of the 1920s. As an example, the author singled out two localities where Orthodoxy manifested itself yet in the early 20th century. Emphasis is placed on the fact that over this period in Subcarpathian Rus no Orthodox jurisdiction was established and there was neither bishop nor administration. All these facts used to lead to chaos and disorder within the Orthodox movement. The author argues that the population who decided to leave the Greek Catholic Church did not wish to comply with the outdated Austro-Hungarian legislation. It was indeed discriminatory and needed immediate reform. Based on the archival documents, the paper suggests that local and central authorities did not pay sufficient attention to the religious issue in the region. Due to the study of the sources it can be asserted that the government officials and the President of the Republic did not have a well-elaborated position on resolving a possible religious conflict in Subcarpathian Rus. Ignoring the population’s legitimate demands for the allocation of premises for prayer meetings, led to the forcible seizure of churches and church property. The paper analyzes the content of the appeals and memoranda to the President and government officials in Prague, in which the Orthodox Christian population offered their vision of resolving the difficult situation. The Greek Catholic clergy’s position as well as the bishop’s position on the Orthodox movement are studied separately. The author traces the behavior of Orthodox priests in the mentioned localities. It has been concluded that the radicalization of the relations was caused by ordinary believers who did not want to follow the clergy’s instructions. This issue is insufficiently explored and requires further research.
Нейро-нечiтке моделювання у системi управлiння фiнансово- економiчною безпекою
Authors: Шаркаді М. М.
Published: July 2021

Подається вирішення актуальної проблеми визначення рівня фінансово-економічної безпеки для компаній через призму нейро-фазі моделювання. Моделі, побудовані за допомогою нейро-нечітких мереж, є ефективним інструментом оцінки фінансово-економічної безпеки і дають можливість своєчасно виявити і подолати проблеми. Крім того, дані моделі є адаптивними, оскільки пристосовуються до змін економічного середовища, що дуже важливо в умовах нестабільної економіки. У даному дослідженні для цього пропонується використання багатошарової нейромережі, кожний шар якої вирішує свою низку завдань. Запропонований підхід дасть можливість визначати рівень фінансової безпеки компанії у різні моменти її функціонування. Розроблена модель дозволяє кожній компанії використовувати свою сукупність фінансових показників для визначення рівня безпеки. Кожний шар нейромережі є автономною одиницею, що дозволяє розвивати мережу. Для запропонованої моделі характерні властивості гнучкості та адаптивності до мінливих умов економічного середовища, що є необхідною умовою для її ефективного застосування в діяльності підприємства.
Єдиність ентропійного розв'язку задачі Діріхле для модельного рівняння з виродженням
Authors: Горбань Ю. С. , Андреєва Ю. А. , Белік А. О.
Published: July 2021

У роботi дослiджується єдиність розв’язку задачi Дiрiхле для модельного нелiнiйного елiптичного рiвняння другого порядку з iзотропними та вироджуваними (за незалежними змiнними) коефiцiєнтами, молодшим членом та L1-правою частиною. Вироджуванiсть за незалежними змiнними характеризується наявнiстю вагової функцiї у головнiй частинi рiвняння. Основним у данiй роботi є результат про єдиність ентропiйного розв’язку розглянутої задачi. Його встановлено за мiнiмальних умов на залучену вагову функцiю. Це – тi припущення вiдносно її iнтегровностi, якi потрiбнi для коректного введення вiдповiдного енергетичного вагового iзотропного простору Соболєва.
Гомоморфізми матричних груп та кілець над асоціативними кільцями
Authors: Петечук В. М. , Петечук Ю. В.
Published: July 2021

У статті з єдиних позицій описані групові гомоморфізми матричних груп і кільцеві гомоморфізми матричних кілець над асоціативними кільцями з 1. 
 
Показано, що опис гомоморфізмів матричних груп E (n, R) ⊆ G ⊆ GL(n, R), n ≥ 2 у групу автоморфізмів GL(W) лівого (необов'язково вільного) K-модуля W над довільним асоціативним кільцем K з 1 зводиться до випадків, коли 2 або 3 - оборотні елементи в кільці K. Доведено, що вони допускають стандартний опис гомоморфізмів групи елементарних трансвекцій E (n, R),  якщо такий опис допускають гомоморфізми матричних  груп над кільцями K, в яких 2 або 3 є оборотними елементами. 

Також описано кільцеві гомоморфізми Λ : Rn → EndW, n ≥ 2 лівого (необов'язково вільного) K-модуля W над довільним асоціативним кільцем iK з 1. Показано, що гомоморфізми Λ допускають стандартний опис на кільці Rn.
Mathematical Modeling of Energy Distribution in Entering a Beam into the Workpiece Material in the Course of Electron Beam Welding
Authors:   Florida University, Gainesville, Rakov Vladimir A.
Published: July 2021

Lightning can be defined as a transient, high-current (typically tens of kA) electric discharge in air whose length is measured in km. As for any discharge in air, lightning channel is composed of ionized gas, that is, of plasma, whose peak temperature is typically 30,000 K, about five times higher than the temperature of the surface of the Sun. The global lightning flash rate is some tens to a hundred km per second. Lightning initiates many forest fires, and over 30% of all electric power line failures are lightning related. Each commercial aircraft is struck by lightning on average once a year. A lightning strike to an unprotected object or system can be catastrophic. In the first part [1] of the article, an overview of thunderclouds and their charge structure was given, and different types of lightning were described. The existing hypotheses of lightning initiation in thunderclouds were reviewed. In the second part of the article, current and electromagnetic signatures of lightning are characterized and the techniques to measure lightning electric and magnetic fields are discussed
Penerapan Model Teams Games Tournament Berbantuan Media Pemprof untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa Kelas IV Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Putra Prisma Adi , Ismaya Erik Aditia , Ahsin Muhammad Noor
Published: July 2021

The purpose of this study is to analyze the improvement of teacher skills and increase learning outcomes of students in class IV SD 5 Lau in learning Theme 4 by applying the learning model Team Games Tournament assisted by the Pemprof media. The research method used is classroom action research (CAR) carried out in two cycles, each cycle consisting of four stages namely planning, implementation, observation and reflection. The research location is SD 5 Lau which is located at Lau Village RT 05 / RW 05 Dawe District, Kudus Regency. The subjects of the study were the fourth grade students of SD 5 Lau in the first semester of the 2019/2020 school year, totaling 16 students, consisting of eight male students and eight female students. Research data sources are teachers and students. Data collection techniques include interview, observation, test and documentation techniques. The validity of the data used is Expert Judgment using qualitative and quantitative data analysis techniques.  The results showed an increase in teacher teaching skills as well as student learning outcomes in the realm of knowledge and the realm of skills. The teaching skills of teachers in the first cycle obtained a percentage of 76% and in the second cycle increased to 85.50% Student learning outcomes in the realm of social science content in the first cycle obtained an average of 76.25 with 75% classical completeness and Indonesian content with an average 73.12 with classical completeness 56.25%. In the second cycle the IPS load increased for an average of 77.5 with a classical completeness of 81.25% and an Indonesian content with an average of 84.06 with a classical completeness of 81.25%. Student learning outcomes in the realm of cycle I gained a percentage of 70.57%, increasing in cycle II to 80.08%.
Psikodrama untuk Self-Esteem Anak dengan Specific Learning Disorder Usia 9-12 Tahun
Authors: Rema Nyi Mas Ratu , Noer Afra Hafny , Wungu Esti
Published: July 2021

Di Indonesia sebanyak 5 juta dari 50 juta anak-anak mengalami kesulitan belajar. Ujian, prestasi dan literacy, merupakan tantangan yang besar untuk anak specific learning disorder (SLD). Anak dengan SLD sering distigmatisasi dan dikaitkan dengan kegagalan yang menurunkan self-esteem. Self-esteem rendah adalah hasil penilaian negatif terhadap diri dan kualitas diri yang memberikan dampak buruk bagi anak. Modul psikodrama ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan self-esteem rendah pada anak dengan specific learning disorder usia 9-12 tahun. Rancangan modul dibuat menggunakan pendekatan instructional system design dan metode penelitian tahap uji coba menggunakan metode quasi eksperimen dengan desain penelitian small design one group pre test-post test. Pengambilan data menggunakan interview, observasi dan pengisian kuesioner self-esteem. Rancangan modul ini melewati proses uji kelayakan yang dilakukan oleh 3 orang expert judgement dan uji coba pada 9 orang anak usia 9-12 tahun yang memiliki self-esteem rendah. Berdasarkan hasil yang diperoleh untuk meningkatkan self-esteem rendah pada anak usia 9-12 tahun, maka dalam modul psikodrama menekankan pada materi area teman dan sekolah, teknik sculpture, dan proses berulang
Evaluasi Program Pengurangan Resiko Bencana Terpadu Berbasis Masyarakat
Authors: Khanif Nur , Sulasmono Bambang Suteng , Ismanto Bambang
Published: July 2021

This study evaluated the Program of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) at SMP Negeri 1 Selo. This type of research was evaluative research with CIPP model which conducted based on Context, Input, Process and Product in the implementation of DRR Program. Data collection techniques were done using interviews, observation, and document study. Data analysis in this study included data collection, data reduction, data display and verification. This study used triangulation to validate the datas. The results showed: (1) in the Context of evaluation, the DRR Education Program at SMP Negeri 1 Selo is categorized as good, because it is in accordance with the needs of the school. The school is not only getting support from outside parties, but also having clear goals, backgrounds, and requirements for organizing. (2) In evaluating Input, this program answers the needs of school. The number of human resources involved and competent is sufficient. Facilities and infrastructure as well as funds are also adequate. The mechanism that the school has is clear and detailed. Program input is considered good. (3) In the Process, most activities (3-5 activities) can be carried out well. Human resources are fulfilled and functioning. Funding is available but inefficient and there is a lack of infrastructure. In general, the implementation has followed the mechanism. The DRR process at SMP Negeri 1 Selo is considered reasonable, (4) In the Product, most of the activities in DRR Program were achieved, the knowledge and the skills of school members were significantly improved but the attitude/concern of school members to disasters had not increased significantly and it had a considerable impact. Thus, the products were considered fair. Based on the results of the research, sustainability policy can be taken. The program should be continued with improvements of mechanism especially in the form of scheduling and plan of program sustainability and improvement of infrastructure facilities.
FLUCTUATIONS IN MELATONIN CONTENT AND ITS EFFECTS ON THE AGEING PROCESS OF LETTUCE SEEDS DURING STORAGE
Authors: Yakupoglu Gökçen , Köklü Şebnem , Karaca Aygül , Düver Elif , Reıter Russel J. , Korkmaz Ahmet
Published: July 2021

This research was carried out to determine the changes in melatonin and tryptophan contents and the possible effects of melatonin on the ageing process of lettuce seeds stored for two years. For this purpose, seeds were treated with melatonin (0 or 250 µM) for one day after which they were stored for up to two years at two temperature (4°C or 25°C) regimes. The results showed that seed melatonin content varied significantly during storage reaching its peaks in October-December and lowest levels in August while tryptophan levels displayed an opposite trend with a strong peak in August and low levels in October. Similar seasonal changes were observed in seeds stored under both temperature conditions suggesting that endogenous melatonin could play a crucial role in seasonal rhythms independent of environmental conditions. Lettuce seed quality deteriorated fast when stored at 25°C but pre-treatment with melatonin reduced seed deterioration significantly by increasing the activities of antioxidant enzymes and restoring membrane properties indicating that melatonin could be used to slow the ageing process in seeds.
GENETIC ANALYSIS OF 38 DOUBLE-FLOWERED AMARYLLIS (Hippeastrum hybridum) CULTIVARS BASED ON SRAP MARKERS
Authors: Xiong Min , Yang Shuai , Wang Yi , Chen Defeng , Wang Xian , Zhou Di , Wei Zunzheng
Published: July 2021

The genetic diversity and population structure of 38 commercial accessions of double-flowered amaryllis (Hippeastrum hybridum) from the Netherlands and South Africa were evaluated using sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) markers. Thirty SRAP primer pairs produced 294 loci, of which 263 (89.16%) were polymorphic. A relatively high level of genetic diversity was observed, with estimates of Nei’s diversity index (H) and the Shannon information index (I) of 0.2719 and 0.4158, respectively. Additional genetic distance- and STRUCTURE-based analyses clustered all accessions into two or four subgroups based mostly on origin or color. The genetic differentiation between/among countries and inferred groups was significant, with Fst values ranging from 0.083-0.194%. Accessions from the Netherlands showed higher genetic variation than those from South Africa. Several accessions, such as Aphrodite, are recommended for future programs employing selective hybridization with the goal of expanding the color range. The results of the present study provide appropriate information applicable to designing effective breeding programs for double-flowered amaryllis.
Micro-Anatomical Characterization of African Native Monotypic Genera - Anogeissus (DC.) Guill and Quisqualis Linn (Combretaceae)
Authors: Akinsulire Opeyemi Philips , Oladipo Olaniran Temitope , Akomolede Aderemi Lucas
Published: July 2021

This study was designed to explore the micro-anatomical characteristics of leaf and petiole of two unstudied West African native monotypic genera - Anogeissus and Qusqualis in Combretaceae with a view to characterizing the taxa, providing useful research-based information for identification. The samples were prepared following standard procedures. The light microscopic study of the transverse sections of the leaves in A. leiocarpus revealed a thick upper and lower cuticle while the cuticle on both leaf surfaces in Q. indica remain thin. The midrib vascular bundle of the leaf in Q. indica is characterized by arc-shape and starch grains were observed in the parenchyma cells of the ground tissue. The uniseriate rows of lamina epidermis were oval, squared, rectangular or polygonal in Q. indica while it was rectangular or slightly oval in A. leiocarpus. Vascular bundle in the leaves and petioles of both taxa were collateral. Simple, slender and short unicellular non-glandular trichomes were also observed in the leaf and petiole micro-anatomy of both taxa. It was concluded that the micro-anatomical features of the leaves and petioles are important parameters of characterization, used in the identification of the studied taxa.
Does body mass index have an effect on the prevalence of various symptoms of polycystic ovary syndrome and their associated risk factors?
Authors: Kaur Raminder , Kaur Maninder , Suri Vanita
Published: July 2021

The present cross-sectional study is an attempt to understand the effect of body mass index (BMI) on the prevalence of various symptoms of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and to evaluate its associated risk factors.  

A total of 250 PCOS women diagnosed by Rotterdam Criteria (2003), age ranging from 18–45 years, attending OPD of Gynaecology and Obstetrics of PGIMER, Chandigarh, India were enrolled in the study. All the participants were divided in three groups according to their body mass index (BMI).  The polycystic ovaries (83.2%) were the most frequently occurring symptoms of PCOS followed by hirsutism (74.4%), oligomenorrhea (60%), seborrhea (45.2%) and acne (40%). Category wise frequency distribution showed higher prevalence of symptoms among women in overweight/obese category, which were further supported by correspondence analysis. Results of multivariate analysis revealed that marital status, type of diet, socio-economic status and physical activity level were potential risk factors contributing to severe manifestations of PCOS symptoms.  

Obesity denoted as an important risk factor can exaggerate many symptoms of PCOS and also be a causative factor for menstrual disturbance.
Complex Polypathology Infectious, Rheumatological, Neurological and Orthopedic – Real Challenge for Functional Rehabilitation - Case Report
Authors: Cristiana Libu , Gabriela Iliescu Mădălina , Maria Bobe Zoe , Cristina Arghir Oana , Dana-Maria Bilous , Ana-Maria Ionescu , Bogdan Obadă , Irina Albadi , Doinita Oprea
Published: July 2021

Introduction. Infectious and autoimmune rheumatic diseases (ARDs) are closely linked. Apart from the challenging, sometimes differential, diagnosis between these conditions, it is recognized that microbes play an important role in the pathogenesis of the latter. Material and method. We present the case of a 45-year-old female patient from our rehabilitation department, with complex pathology (infectious, neurological, rheumatological and orthopedic pathology) that began more than 15 years ago. The patient’s pathological history began insidiously at theage of 30 when she was diagnosed with neurotoxoplasmosis. She received anticoagulant, antiepileptic, steroidal, antibiotic and antihelmintic treatment. After four years, the patient shows insidious onset of inflammatory pain in the large joints and in 2010 is diagnosed with seropositive rheumatoid arthritis, according to American College of Rheumatism/European League against rheumatism (ACR/EULAR) criteria with symmetric impairment of the large joints (shoulder, elbow, hip, knee, ankle). Despite the treatment with disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) received, in the following years she needed 4 arthroplasties in the large joints due to osteonecrosis. Conclusions. On clinical grounds, infections, especially chronic infections, can cause a plethora of autoimmune phenomena, thus mimicking ARDs. Therefore, the differential diagnosis between ARDs and infectious diseases is sometimes challenging as they often display similar clinical manifestations. It is highlighted that the immune system can be our friend or our foe considering that its function and dysregulation are the common denominators in autoimmune and infectious diseases. In the era of new drugs and new therapeutic strategies, safety of the patients should always be our first concern.
Effects of flattening filter (FF) and flattening filter-free (FFF) beams on small-field and large-field dose distribution using the VMAT treatment plan
Authors: Plaza Dominika J. , Orzechowska Klaudia M. , Ślosarek Krzysztof T.
Published: July 2021

Introduction: The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of flattening filter (FF) and flattening filter-free (FFF) beams on small-field and large-field dose distribution using the VMAT treatment plan.

Material and methods: Dose distribution calculations were performed for the VMAT technique in two locations: the larynx (small irradiation field; average 30.1 cm2) and gynecology (large irradiation field; average 173.1 cm2) using X-6MV flattening filter (FF) and flattening filter-free (FFF) beams. The following values were compared: the number of monitor units, minimum doses, average doses in PTV and maximum average doses in OaR (spinal cord – in larynx radiotherapy, bladder and rectum - in gynecological radiotherapy) and RPI (Radiation Planning Index) coefficient.

Results and Discussion: The performed statistical tests indicate that there is a significant difference (p <0.05) between the number of monitor units in the irradiation of large (gynecological) fields between the FF and FFF beams. The dose distributions show no statistically significant differences between the flattening filter and flattening-free filter beams (regardless of the field size).

Conclusions: Due to the smaller number of monitor units, it is recommended to use flattening filter beams (FF) for large-field radiotherapy.
Sustainable Tourism as a Driving Force in Regional Development of Remote Regions in Siberia: An Integrated Operational Framework
Authors: Vitálišová Katarína , Borseková Kamila , Blam Inna
Published: July 2021

Regional development based on sustainable tourism is one of the options of developing remote regions, which are usually disadvantaged due to their distance, but can have a certain competitive advantage based on their remoteness. The present paper offers in-depth analysis of the tourism potential in selected remote regions of Russia, the Altai Mountains and Lake Baikal with the aim to explore the specific features of their sustainable tourism development and to propose an integrated operational framework for sustainable tourism and regional development usable for similar regions across the world. The proposed integrated operational framework helps to achieve a tricky balance between economic resurrection of remote areas and environment conservation, which is possible only with the proper co-integration of tourists with the community, and local economic development with the environment. It presents a set of drivers and their mutual relations to achieve the successful sustainable tourism development in remote regions in Russia and across the world. The present research results contribute to a knowledge bank that could serve as a useful guide for academics and policymakers involved with sustainable development, geography or environmentally sensitive tourism.
FE Analysis of the Symptomatic Navicular - A Case Report
Authors: Prodanovic Nikola , Savic Suzana Petrovic , Ristic Branko , Jovanovic Zoran , Radivojcevic Uros , Stepanovic Zeljko , Kolak Djordje , Andric Kristina , Prodanovic Tijana , Stojanovic Bojan , Andric Nikola
Published: July 2021

The accessory navicular (AN) is a bony formation located on the medial side of the foot, proximal to the navicular and continuous with the posterior tibialis tendon. It emerges as a developmental variant due to the presence of the secondary ossification center adjacent to the primary center of the navicular. It is regarded as a physiological and anatomical variant. In most instances, this is an incidental finding. Radiographic values are used to define three types of AN based on its relationship with the navicular. The symptomatic AN causes pain in the medial portion of the bone, a decreased range of motion and discomfort with shoe wearing. In case of recurrent symptoms, following an inadequate diagnosis and treatment, it can result in acquired flatfoot. Our case study examined the condition of asymptomatic AN in a young man with both flatfeet, who was initially treated conservatively, and then, after the failed response to the therapy, surgically. Following the Kidner procedure (excision with the reattachment of the insertion in the posterior tibialis tendon) and rehabilitation, the patient reports no subjective symptoms in the period of 12-month monitoring. An objective examination was conducted with the use of FE analysis during weight-bearing. We determined a reduction in total weight-bearing and the pressure distribution to the lateral side of the foot, metatarsal, and the heel region.
Estimating Emissions of Harmful Exhaust Components by Aircraft Engines During the Takeoff and Landing Cycle in Airport Space
Authors: Głowacki Paweł , Kalina Piotr , Kawalec Michal
Published: July 2021

This article examines, based on the available information and authors’ self-assessments, the environmental impact of turbine engine exhaust gases effect on the environment in the airport space during engines flight phases in the landing and takeoff cycle (LTO). The attention of aviation professionals is drawn to the fact that the amount of exhaust from the turbine engine is so significant that it may adversely change the ambient air at the airport. Consequently, increased emission level of carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbons (HC) during engine start-up and idle may pose a threat to the health of ramp staff. Also, high emission levels of nitrogen oxides (NOx) during takeoff, climb, cruise and descent is not without importance for the environment around the airport space. The paper gives CO2, HC, CO and NOx emission estimations based on ICAO Engine Emission Data Bank and the number of passenger operations at a medium-sized airport. It also provides calculation results of aircraft CO2, HC, CO and NOx emission using average times of aircraft maneuvers taken from aircraft Flight Data Recorder (FDR) in the LTO cycle various aircraft types at the airport. The latter, based on actual maneuvering times, lead to significantly reduced estimates of toxic exhaust gas emission volumes.
FIRST STRUGGLES OF THE EMERGING DISTANCE LEARNING NECESITY IN ROMANIAN EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM IN THE CONTEXT OF COVID-19
Authors:   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Romania, RADU Irina-Miruna
Published: July 2021

Context: The social context of COVID-19 forced everyone to social distancing. This had an impact on the way people way of living. The education system is no exception. The main “actors” were put in a challenging situation. They were faced with implementing distance learning in an environment that has not been fully prepared for this. Objectives: This paper proposes to investigate the primary education’s “actors” (inspectors, teachers, parents) opinions regarding the Romanian educational system and identify the struggles they faced in the beginning of Covid-19 context. Method: This article uses an analysis of the comments on subjects regarding the transition from the classroom to home, published on platforms related to education to portrait better the context and struggles of implementing online learning in a system not fully prepared. Results: As a result, the paper highlights the struggles of implementing distance learning for primary schools at this moment. Conclusion: This paper highlights the challenges that must be overcome to have an educational system that can support distance learning for young children.
Latar Belakang Penulisan Prasasti Tandihat II Pada Paha Kiri Depan Arca Singa
Authors: Nasoichah Churmatin
Published: July 2021

AbstractOne of the Buddhist inscriptions which discovered in Sumatera is Tandihat II inscription. Between inscription it self with the lion statue as a medium, certainly have a special connection.
Jejak Keindiaan (Hindu-Buddha) dalam Kebudayaan Pakpak
Authors: Soedewo Ery
Published: July 2021

AbstractPakpak as one of the ethnic group in North Sumatera, showed that its cultural heritage had been influenced by Indian culture. Indian culture added into Pakpak culture then enriched it. This addition didn’t change Pakpak’s identity.
Rumah Panggung Melayu, Bentuk Adaptasi di Kawasan Lahan Basah Pesisir Timur Sumatera Utara
Authors: Sutrisna Deni
Published: July 2021

AbstractMost of the Malay live in wetland ecosystem area in eastern coastal of north Sumatera which one of their cultural characteristics is storeyed house. It is adaptation strategy to its environment, especially at wetland to avoid flooding effects.
Sumberdaya Lahan Basah di Situs-Situs Masa Hindu-Buddha di Daerah Aliran Sungai Batang Ggadis dan Batang Angkola
Authors: Soedewo Ery
Published: July 2021

AbstractWetland exploitation along Batang Gadis and Batang Angkola River had triggered the rise of Hindu-Buddhism influence in those area. Temples ruin in Mandailing are facts of sophisticated its civilisation
Strategi Adaptasi Pengusung Hoabinhian dalam Pemenuhan Kebutuhan Makanan
Authors: Wiradnyana Ketut
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe presence of hoabinh site either in lowland or highland is characterized that there’s an adaptation effort of cultural to choose the dwelling location and complete the food. Artifact, ecofact, and fitur remains in sites at Bukit Kerang Pangkalan indicated that there’s a short & long period strategy.
Wadah dan Tanda Kubur, Sebuah Simbol dalam Tradisi Megalitik Masyarakat Nias Selatan
Authors: Wiradnyana Ketut
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn relation to death, the burial is one of the procession of the human life cycle for every culture. Therefore, the procession of death have a very important role with the special treatment of the deceased. In relation to social life, the various aspects raised is a sign of the importance of the procession meant. To understand the various social aspects can be observed presumably conceived through the symbols on coffin and grave mark.
The Functions and Roles of Śrīwijaya’s Mandalas In The Northern Sumatra Island
Authors: Soedewo Ery , Purnawibowo Stanov , Oetomo Repelita Wahyu
Published: July 2021

AbstrakŚrīwijaya adalah suatu kerajaan maritim yang pengaruhnya meliputi kawasan yang luas di sekitar Selat Malaka. Kepentingan utama dari kerajaan ini adalah penguasaan jalur pelayaran dan perdagangan yang melalui Selat Malaka. Bagaimanapun, baik sumber sejarah maupun arkeologis mengindikasikan bahwa pengaruh niaga dan politik Śrīwijaya juga meliputi kawasan pedalaman dan pantai barat Sumatera. Hal ini mungkin berkaitan dengan kepentingan Śrīwijaya untuk mengamankan aliran mata dagangan terutama kamper dan kemenyan yang hanya dihasilkan oleh kawasan di baratlaut Danau Toba dan sekitarnya.