bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development and validation of the Maternal Drinking Motives Scale (M-DMS)
Authors: Rose Abi , Jones Andrew , Christiansen Paul , Hunt Sally
Published: January 2024

Background: Alcohol use is a gendered behaviour and motherhood is a life stage which may influence drinking motives. However, there are no drinking motive scales uniquely tailored to maternal populations. This work developed a new maternal drinking motives scale (M-DMS) and determined associations between the M-DMS and alcohol-related behaviour. Methods: An online observational survey (n=534) and online test-retest survey (n=164) were conducted with adult, UK mothers. From the observational study, data on drinking motives was extracted to determine M-DMS items and factor loading. This was split into two data sets for exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) and Timeline Followback data, taken from both surveys, were combined to determine the M-DMS’s predictive validity. Results: Following a parallel analysis and exploratory factor analysis, a two-factor model (positive reinforcement motives, negative reinforcement motives) was deemed the best fit. Probability functional analysis identified items with problematic responses. These were removed before confirmatory factor analysis (on the second dataset) demonstrated a good fit for the two-factor model. All factor loadings were significant and positive (βs>.56). Reliability of the two subscales was excellent: negative reinforcement (ωT =.95), positive reinforcement (ωT =.89). Test-retest reliability was good for both negative (ICC=.84, 95%CI =.80 to .88) and positive (ICC = .77, 95%CI =.71 to .82) subscales. Both subscales predicted AUDIT and quantity of alcohol consumption (ps <.001).Conclusion: The first tailored Maternal Drinking Motives Scale (M-DMS) provides a more valid research tool for assessing psychological mechanisms of alcohol use in mothers.
English Speaking Problems Faced by ESL Students of Intermediate Level in District Chitral
Authors: Khan Shahid Wali , Aziz Iqra , Amin Sadia
Published: January 2024

The present research study is an effort to explore the English-speaking problems faced by ESL students of intermediate level in district Chitral. The research is oriented on both quantitative and qualitative paradigms. The population of the study was five colleges of district Chitral and fifty ESL students were selected as research participants. Data was composed by using an online questionnaire. The questionnaire was sent to the participants via Email and WhatsApp. The collected data was analyzed in numerical form and presented in tables and graphs. The main finding of the research is that there is a lack of proper environment inside the ESL classrooms for speaking English and also a lack of basic facilities like English language laboratories and there is no separate programs inside the educational institutions for the development of language skill. Most of the English teachersteach English subjects in their native language. Some recommendations are also given by the researchers.
Post-Colonial Impact on Language and Identity; A Pragmatics Analysis of Muniza Alvi's Selected Poems
Authors: Ayaz Hasan , Hassan Muhammad Zain Ul
Published: January 2024

The subcontinent has been one of the well-known colonies of the vast British Empire. The colonial rule of the Britishers has put some everlasting impacts on every sphere of life in the subcontinent. Because of the dominance and superior nature of the British people they always have influenced other nations, especially African states and subcontinent: which ultimately has impacts on their social life, literature, identity, culture, and language. This sort of influence of the imperial centre on the peripheries has then reflected in the writing and literature they produced. So here the focus lies especially on Pakistani writing and the role of language and identity reflected in Muniza Alvi’s selected poems. The researchers explore the ways which reflect the conflicted identity of the speaker along with pragmatic analysis. For this purpose, the researchers have selected two poems “The unknown girl’’ and ‘’Presents from my aunts in Pakistan”. The study is qualitative descriptive in nature which opens up the research questions in a coherent manner.
Exploring Identity Fragmentation, Victimization and Othering in HM Naqvi's Home Boy
Authors: Iqbal Muhammad , - Ahsan , Rashid Abdul
Published: January 2024

The catastrophic incident of 9/11 split the world into two halves, Muslims and non- Muslims. The Muslim identity came under the clouds of suspicion and caught global attention. Soon after 9/11, the Western self-concocted narrative portrays Muslims as terrorists, barbaric and uncivilized. However, Naqvi's novel deconstructs this stereotypical narrative. Home Boy is a counter-narrative against the horrendous narrative of Muslim victimization, fragmentation and Othering. Indubitably, this dominant stance influenced world literature and legitimized the war on terror which sabotaged Muslim identity worldwide. But the narrative of Pakistani writers in the form of 'Home Boy', 'The Reluctant Fundamentalist' etc. exposed Western so-called dominancy explicitly. The present study analyzes that Chuck the protagonist of 'Home Boy' was civilized and progressive before the fall of the Twin Towers but after 9/11 he was labelled negatively though he was not involved directly or indirectly in any terrorist activity. The current paper undertakes textual analysis as the main research method under the conceptual framework of Homi. K. Bhabha and Edward Said’s concepts for the analysis of the primary text.
Linguistic Diversity and National Identity in Pakistan: Parliament's Influence
Authors: Hussain Chaman , Hussain Mahboob , Dar Humaira
Published: January 2024

Since its formation in 1947, Pakistan's linguistic diversity, where more than 70 languages are spoken, has had a significant impact on the country's national identity. This study uses a multidisciplinary method to analyse how Pakistan's parliament affects national identity in the midst of this diversity. It draws on linguistics, the study of politics, and sociology. The impact of parliamentary language rules on political discourse and unity is examined. This study examines how parliament promotes interlanguage harmony, protects rights, and builds a shared national identity through an extensive assessment of parliament debates, legislation, and their implementation.Additionally, it examines the challenges posed by linguistic diversity and how these impact cohesiveness and stability. This study provides insights to guide strategies that encourage unity in the face of variety, fostering a more inclusive and peaceful Pakistani society. It does this by shedding light on the interactions between diversity in languages, parliament, and national identity.
Quest for self in McEwanâs Atonement: An Existentialist study
Authors: Ayub Aliya , Riaz Nailah
Published: January 2024

This study examines existentialism as a useful self-identification strategy. Existentialism emphasizes freedom, choice, and self. The study focuses on McEwen's Atonement's self-desire. The human condition is to define life. We'll demonstrate in this study how existentialism aids in self-definition. If there were no objective trends, this philosophical perspective would be subjective. Examining existentialism's impact on self-identification, the study. Different approaches to self- identification are presented by Human Existentialism and Absurdum. Existentialism requires that every individual define and interpret their own life. According to McEwan, atonement alters one's viewpoint of the world. That's what this study will show. Personal characteristics and human existentialism. We'll look at existentialism's impact on the personal meaning in this study. Deconstruction will be used in this study's pragmatic analysis of existentialism. Instead of examining a logical totality, deconstruction theory examines conflicting meanings. The "Binary opposition" deconstruction lens is one of the most significant ones.
Ethics, Genes-Editing and Digital Immortality: A Posthumanist Reading of Ishiguro's Klara and the Sun
Authors: - Fatima , - Aysha , Javaid Sahar
Published: January 2024

Technology has played its role in enhancing people's quality of lives by boosting their innate competence. Genetic Engineering and Digital immortality are recent developments in this field.This study intends to examine the darkside of advanced technology in Genetic Engineering and the complexities regarding digital immortality with textual references from Ishiguro’s Klara and the Sun.The analysis of text is dealt with under the theoretical paradigm of ethical debates on genetic engineering in Francesca Ferrando’s posthuman bioethics from her work Philosophical Posthumanism and Micheal Sandel’s The Case against Perfection. Moreover, the issues of consciousness and mind-uploading also make the base of the study. This study finds that these advance technologies have also negative impacts on humans and society.
Embodied Cognition and the Pedagogical Spaces of Paris: Unveiling the Influence on Hemingway's Literary Education in A Moveable Feast (2011)
Authors: Altaf Mubashar , Khan Saima Yousaf , Umer Hajra
Published: January 2024

This study explores the impact of pedagogical space in Paris on Ernest Hemingway's literary education as portrayed in his work, A Moveable Feast (2011) through a meticulous analysis of the text, it elucidates the significant pedagogical space, mentorship and collaboration that influenced Hemingway's cognitive development as a writer. It investigates his assimilation of the city's cultural heritage, historical backdrop, and diverse individuals into his literary creations, capturing the essence of Parisian life. By shedding light on the interplay between Hemingway's embodied cognition and the pedagogical spaces, this research offers insights into the significance of such environments in literary education. It emphasizes the enduring relevance of these insights for contemporary writing and artistic communities. The study is unraveling the relationship between pedagogical spaces and the development of his writing style. It underscores the transformative power of physical environments and embodied cognition in shaping the creative journey of a literary genius.
Speech and lexico-semantic errors during direct cortical stimulation mapping of the language-dominant hemisphere: effects of object and action naming
Authors: Rofes Adrià , D’Agata Federico , Guerrini Francesco , Spena Giannantonio
Published: January 2024

OBJECTIVE

In this retrospective study, the authors aimed to establish the stereotactically defined probability distribution for speech (i.e., anarthria, speech arrest) and lexico-semantic errors (i.e., anomia) through direct cortical stimulation (DCS) by using two tasks: action naming and object naming. They also analyzed the patterns of interindividual variability in the localization of the language sites involved, and investigated whether any patient or lesion location factors were associated with greater variability.

METHODS

Eighty-one Italian-speaking patients who underwent awake surgery between 2010 and 2021 for low- and high-grade gliomas in eloquent areas of the language-dominant hemisphere were entered in the analyses. The intraoperative DCS protocol included automatic speech tasks, object naming, and action naming. The position of the tags, as depicted on the intraoperative video or photograph, was transposed into Montreal Neurological Institute space. Subsequently, a 2D scatterplot and cluster analysis were performed. Associations between various clinical and radiological characteristics and the quantity of positive stimulated sites were determined by univariate analyses using binary logistic regression. Associated variables (p < 0.2) were included in stepwise multivariate logistic regression with backward elimination (p < 0.05).

RESULTS

A total of 1380 cortical sites were stimulated, with a positive response in 511 cases (37%). Most anarthric errors were triggered when stimulating the left precentral gyrus, and most speech arrest errors were elicited when stimulating the left posterior inferior frontal gyrus. Anomias were found in the left inferior frontal gyrus and in the posterior part of the left temporal lobe for object naming. DCS to the left dorsal premotor cortex elicited anomic errors for action naming. Anomias were also elicited during DCS to the left posterior temporal lobe, with both object and action naming.

CONCLUSIONS

The distribution of speech and lexico-semantic errors is in line with the current literature. The action-naming results are new and mostly involve the dorsal premotor cortex. These findings stress the importance of maximizing the use of different language tasks during surgery, because even when looking for the same type of errors, different tasks may be better suited to map specific brain regions. DCS with action and object naming identifies more positive sites than object naming alone.
Parameter-based analysis of clinical efficacy of combined bed nucleus of the stria terminalis–nucleus accumbens deep brain stimulation for treatment-resistant depression
Authors: Wang Tao , Dai Lulin , Lai Yijie , Wang Fengting , Zhang Yingying , Wang Yuhan , Li Dianyou , Zhan Shikun , Bian Liuguan , Sun Bomin
Published: January 2024

OBJECTIVE

Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) is a severely disabling psychiatric condition that responds poorly to conventional treatments. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) has been proposed for the treatment of patients with TRD in numerous studies. Several deep brain nuclei are considered as potential targets for TRD-DBS, but their clinical efficacy needs further validation. This study carried out dual-target combined stimulation of the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST) and nucleus accumbens (NAc) to investigate the effectiveness of the treatment for TRD patients.

METHODS

An 8-contact DBS electrode was used in the study with a surgical path that crossed the BNST and NAc targets. Stimulation parameters and the corresponding severity of symptoms evaluated by the 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD-17) and other scales were obtained at each follow-up. The accuracy of electrode positions, the effect of combined stimulation, and the corresponding stimulation parameters were evaluated. Sweet spot prediction models were used to assess the effective stimulation sites in the treatment.

RESULTS

The study included 23 TRD patients undergoing DBS at a single center from March 2021 to May 2023. At the last follow-up (range 4–24 months), 14 patients had responded to the treatment (HAMD-17 score improved ≥ 50%), 7 of whom had achieved clinical remission (HAMD-17 score ≤ 7). Electrode position analysis suggested that the BNST may be more important for the improvement of depressive symptoms than the NAc. Overlapped volumes of volume of tissue activated (VTA) and BNST were significantly correlated with absolute (ρleft = −0.377, p < 0.001; ρright = −0.251, p < 0.001) and percent (ρleft = −0.249, p < 0.001; ρright = −0.098, p = 0.102) changes in HAMD-17 score. The sweet spot model of HAMD-17 improvement also suggested that the VTA overlap with the dorsal side of BNST was associated with the impact on depressive symptoms (t = −4.10, p < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS

Combined BNST-NAc stimulation of TRD can effectively improve depressive symptoms, in which the BNST seems to have a dominant therapeutic effect. The results of this study not only help to optimize the DBS programming parameters, but also offer an opportunity to further understand the differences between the two targets. In the future, larger prospective cohorts are needed to verify the results of combined BNST-NAc DBS.
Innovative growth and development of a neurological surgery residency cadaveric spine-simulation training program: a single-institution experience
Authors: Unger Robert , Schreiner Bryan , Pang Brandi W. , Obayashi James T. , McCartney Shirley , Dingman Jackie , Selden Nathan R. , Dogan Aclan , Ciporen Jeremy N.
Published: January 2024

OBJECTIVE

Cadaveric and dry 3D model-based simulation training is a valuable educational tool for neurosurgical residents. Such simulation training is an opportunity for residents to hone technical skills and decision-making and enhance their neuroanatomy knowledge. The authors describe the growth and development of the Oregon Health & Science University Department of Neurological Surgery resident-focused, hands-on, spine-simulation surgery courses and provide details of course evaluations, layout, and setup.

METHODS

A four-part spine surgical simulation series, including two human cadaveric and two dry 3D model-based courses, was created to provide resident spine procedure training. Residents participated in the spine simulation series (2017–2021) and completed annual course curriculum and anonymous post-course evaluations. Evaluations included both Likert scale items and free-text responses. Responses to Likert scale items were analyzed in Python. Free-text responses were quantified using the Valence Aware Dictionary for Sentiment Reasoner. Descriptive statistics were calculated and plotted using Python’s seaborn and matplotlib library modules.

RESULTS

The analysis included 129 spine (occipitocervical, thoracolumbar, and spine model fusion I and II) simulation course evaluations. Likert responses demonstrated high average responses for evaluation questions (4.67 ± 0.90 and above). The average compound sentiment value was 0.58 ± 0.28.

CONCLUSIONS

This is the first time Likert responses and sentiment analysis have been used to demonstrate how neurosurgical residents positively value a hands-on spine simulation training. Simulation is an essential component of neurosurgical resident education training. The authors encourage other neurosurgical education programs to develop and leverage spine simulation as a teaching tool.
Ergonomics, musculoskeletal disorders, and surgeon gender in spine surgery: a survey of practicing spine surgeons
Authors: White Alexandra J. , Nowacki Amy S. , Woodrow Sarah I. , Steinmetz Michael P. , Benzil Deborah L.
Published: January 2024

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study was to gain a greater understanding of the burden of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) in spine surgeons, their impact on practice, and risk factors contributing to MSDs, including surgical instrument design and surgical ergonomics.

METHODS

An anonymous REDCap survey was distributed via email to the departments of several academic and private centers across the United States, as well as to the AANS/CNS Women in Neurosurgery Section email list. Chi-square tests and Wilcoxon rank-sum tests were used to compare responses by gender. Multivariable linear regression analysis was performed to identify predictors of discomfort in instrument utilization.

RESULTS

Survey responses were received from 120 spine surgeons (29.1% response rate), of which 73 were included in the analysis. A very high number of respondents had experienced an MSD (70.4%), 38.2% had undergone treatment for at least one MSD, and 13.4% had lost time at work for at least one MSD. Women were more likely than men to have lost time at work due to an MSD (22.6% vs 5.6%, p = 0.04). Women were more likely than men to report difficulty in instrument grip, comfort, and use on a 20-point Likert scale (mean 10.7 vs 15.2 points, p < 0.0001). This effect persisted when adjusting for glove size and days per week spent operating (p = 0.002). Specifically, women were less likely to agree that the handles of surgical instruments were an appropriate grip (p < 0.0001), that they rarely experienced difficulty when using them (p < 0.0001), and that they rarely needed to use two hands with instruments meant to be used with one hand (p = 0.0002).

CONCLUSIONS

The MSD burden in spine surgeons is substantial. While there was no evidence of gender differences in MSD rates and severity, female surgeons report significantly more discomfort with the use of surgical instruments. There is a need for more investigation of MSD risk factors in spine surgeons and mitigation strategies. Gender differences in comfort in instrument use should be further explored and addressed by spine surgeons and device manufacturers.
Prediction of 30-day and 1-year postoperative complications after balloon-assisted kyphoplasty in the elderly using the Risk Analysis Index
Authors: Adida Samuel , Tang Anthony , Taori Suchet , Wong Victoria R. , Sefcik Roberta K. , Zhang Xiaoran , Gerszten Peter C.
Published: January 2024

OBJECTIVE

Vertebral compression fracture (VCF) is the most prevalent fragility fracture. When conservative management fails, patients may undergo balloon-assisted kyphoplasty (BAK). In BAK, an expandable balloon preforms a cavity in the fractured vertebra before injection of bone cement. The aim of this study was to compare outcomes in patients stratified by age and frailty assessed by the Risk Analysis Index (RAI).

METHODS

A retrospective analysis of 334 BAK procedures (280 patients) for osteoporotic VCFs at a single institution was performed (2015–2022). Patients with at least 1 year of follow-up were eligible for inclusion. Patient demographics were recorded, including age, sex, BMI, RAI score, tobacco and steroid use, osteoporosis treatments, and bone density. Patients who underwent outpatient surgery were identified, and length of stay (LOS) was obtained for admitted patients. The rates of additional VCFs after kyphoplasty, 30-day and 1-year postoperative complications, and reoperation were identified.

RESULTS

The overall rates of additional VCFs, 30-day postoperative complications, 1-year postoperative complications, and reoperation were 16.2%, 5.1%, 12.0%, and 6.3%, respectively. Patients were stratified by age: nonelderly (< 80 years; 220 patients, 263 treated vertebrae) and elderly (≥ 80 years; 60 patients, 71 treated vertebrae). There were no differences in sex (p = 0.593), tobacco use (p = 0.973), chronic steroid use (p = 0.794), treatment for osteoporosis (p = 0.537), bone density (p = 0.056), outpatient procedure (p = 0.273), and inpatient LOS (p = 0.661) between both groups. There were also no differences in the development of additional VCFs (p = 0.862) at an adjacent level (p = 0.739) or remote level (p = 0.814), 30-day and 1-year postoperative complications (p = 0.794 and p = 0.560, respectively), and reoperation rates (p = 0.420). Patients were then analyzed by RAI: nonfrail (RAI score < 30; 203 patients, 243 treated vertebrae) and frail (RAI score ≥ 31; 77 patients, 91 treated vertebrae). There were no differences in tobacco use (p = 0.959), chronic steroid use (p = 0.658), treatment for osteoporosis (p = 0.560), bone density (p = 0.339), outpatient procedure (p = 0.241), inpatient LOS (p = 0.570), and development of additional VCFs (p = 0.773) at an adjacent level (p = 0.390) or remote level (p = 0.689). However, rates of 30-day and 1-year postoperative complications in frail patients more than doubled in comparison with nonfrail patients (p = 0.031 and p = 0.007, respectively), and frail patients trended toward reoperation (p = 0.097).

CONCLUSIONS

BAK is a safe treatment in the elderly, and age alone should not be used as an exclusion criterion during patient selection. Frailty, which can be assessed reliably using the RAI, may serve as a better predictor for postoperative complications and reoperation following BAK.
Beyond TOF MRA: Review of Flow Imaging Techniques
Authors: Capel K.W. , Roberts G. , Kuner A.D. , Manunga J. , Chang W. , Spahic A. , Peret A. , Wieben O. , Johnson K.M. , Eisenmenger L.B.
Published: January 2024

MRA is essential for neurovascular evaluation with applications in anatomic mapping, atherosclerotic disease, stroke, aneurysm, vascular malformations, and vascular dysfunction in neurodegenerative diseases. TOF MRA is the most used MRA technique but has some disadvantages. Many new and important advancements in flow imaging have emerged both without and with the use of contrast agents. The purpose of this article was to highlight appropriate advantages, pitfalls, and applications for both traditional and more advanced MRA techniques including TOF, phase contrast MRA, 4D flow, arterial spin-labeling, and contrast-enhanced MRA techniques.Learning Objective: To review TOF MRA and explore the advantages, disadvantages, and applications of alternative MRA techniques without and with contrast including phase contrast MRA, arterial spin-labeling MRA, and other novel contrast-enhanced MRA techniques
The “Hamantaschen” Sign: A Unique Appearance of Lesions Arising from the Sphenoid Greater Wing
Authors: Zander D.A. , Sarma A. , Hsu L.
Published: January 2024

When a mass or other lesion involves the sphenoid greater wing, soft tissue can expand circumferentially beyond the cortex. By cross-sectional imaging, this characteristic pattern resembles a hamantaschen, a triangular filled cookie traditionally served during the Jewish holiday of
Purim. Awareness of this “hamantaschen” sign can alert the radiologist to a lesion of the sphenoid greater wing.
Brown Syndrome or Superior Oblique Tendon Sheath Syndrome: Radiologic Imaging Characteristics and Literature Review
Authors: Marsiglia Marcela , Moonis Gul , Hagiwara Mari , Stein Evan G.
Published: January 2024

Brown syndrome is the inability to gaze upward beyond the horizontal level while adducting the eye due to an abnormality of the superior oblique tendon sheath complex. It is a rare extraocular muscular disorder, and its imaging is infrequently seen in radiologic practice. This article
presents clinical characteristics and imaging of 5 patients with Brown syndrome and reviews the radiologic literature available, to familiarize the readers with its imaging findings.
An Unexpected Case of Calcified Schwannoma
Authors: Calloni S.F. , Pontesilli S. , Mandelli C. , Mortini P. , Falini A.
Published: January 2024

We present a case of calcified dorsal schwannoma in a patient with a history of back pain for about 1 year. The case is peculiar for the unusual thoracic location, imaging features especially on MR imaging, and the histopathologic diagnosis, which is not strictly typical for this type
of intradural extramedullary benign spine lesion.
Optimization of Digital Branding and Marketing for Gempol MSMEs Through WhatsApp Business
Authors: Meylianingrum Kurniawati , El Fahmi Elok Fa`iz Fatma , Jaya Tiara Juliana
Published: January 2024

The number of competitors is the main factor for entrepreneurs to enter the world of very tight competition. The right marketing and media strategies are used to reach the intended market so that the sales volume of these entrepreneurs always increases and makes a profit. The impact of information technology can develop aspects of entrepreneurial capabilities, and industrial ways to survive have developed in line with the creative economy paradigm, where innovative, proactive and risk-taking aspects are not enough in the context of the knowledge economy. This service is based on community development. The output obtained is the understanding of business actors about digital marketing. This community service's outcome is installing the WhatsApp business application and its use in marketing MSME products. The importance of using WhatsApp business features include automatic message replying features, can management of business profiles, and provide a product catalogue owned by MSMEs.
Literature Review: Faktor Kecemasan Matematika Siswa dan Upaya Mengatasinya
Authors: Dina Alifa Shafira
Published: January 2024

This article was written using a literature review method that focuses on "students' mathematics anxiety factors and efforts to overcome them". Mathematics anxiety is one of the factors that affect student learning outcomes. A total of 26 articles have been analyzed to produce a literature review article. Many of these articles conducted research on SMP/MTS and SMA/SMK/MA students and research was conducted using a quantitative approach. The results of the analysis obtained the understanding of mathematics anxiety and anxiety, the factors that cause mathematics anxiety, and also how to overcome students' mathematics anxiety. There are three factors that influence math anxiety, namely personality factors, intellectual factors, and environmental factors. Students attempt to reduce the math anxiety they feel by reducing negative thinking about mathematics, being confident in their abilities, creating a relaxed and calm learning environment.
Analisis Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Matematis Ditinjau Perbedaan Gender pada Materi Aritmatika Sosial
Authors: Gufron Ahmad
Published: January 2024

Abstract. The research was meant to describe critical thinking skill of students' mathematics that viewed from gender difference. This research used qualitative descriptive study. The subject of this research was students of VII grade at SMPN 107 Jakarta in amount of 34 students. The collecting data used test instrument and interview. The result of study indicated that critical thinking skill of female students better than male students by deviation 6%. Nevertheless critical thinking skill of the gender difference categorized less.Keyword: Critical Thinking, Gender, Social Arithmetic Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kemampuan berpikir kritis matematis siswa ditinjau dari perbedaan gender. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VII SMPN 107 Jakarta  dengan jumlah 34 siswa. Pengambilan data dengan menggunakan instrumen tes dan wawancara. Mendapatkan bahwa kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa perempuan lebih baik daripada siswa laki-laki dengan selisih antara siswa laki-laki dengan siswa perempuan ialah 6%. Namun kemampuan berpikir kritis dari perbedaan gender tersebut dikategorikan kurang.Kata Kunci: Bepikir Kritis, Gender, Aritmatika Sosial
An Instructional Design to Improve Students’ Higher Order Thinking Skills in Linear Programming
Authors: Nurherdiati Ratna
Published: January 2024

The purpose of this study is to provide an instructional design for improving students' Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) in linear programming. The method used in writing this article is the literature review method consisting of books and articles. The results showed that the development of an instructional design through the Model Eliciting Activities (MEAs) approach was effective in increasing student HOTS in mathematics learning. MEAs guide students to mathematically model based on context or real problems, break them down into separate parts, then understand the relationships between these parts, and interpret the results of student construction.
INTERVENSI PADA SISWA DENGAN KESULITAN BELAJAR DISKALKULIA
Authors: Jalal Novita Maulidya
Published: January 2024

Kesulitan belajar matematika akibat diskalkulia hingga hari ini masih belum banyak diketahui penanganan atau intervensinya.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui penanganan atau intervensi yang dapat diberikan kepada siswa yang mengalami diskalkulia. Metode penelitian yang dilakukan yakni metode kepustakaan atau library research. Teknik yang digunakan dalam pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakana data sekunder. Tahap penelitian yang dilakukan yakni mengumpulkan data, mereduksi data, menyajikan data, dan menarik kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh yakni memberikan bimbingan belajar individual, memberikan braingym, pemberian soal secara bertahap dan berkelanjutan, model psikoedukasi,  model  kognitif,  model  medis,  model  neuropsikologis  dan  model  kognitif, serta pengembangan media gambar terhadap diskalkulia di sekolah dasar.Kata Kunci: intervensi, kesulitan belajar, diskalkulia
Pengaruh Pembelajaran Daring Terhadap Hasil Belajar Matematika Siswa/i SMK Nusantara Indah Sintang
Authors: M.Pd Andri , Orikin Lilis , Romet Wenseslaus Tiobala , Parman Kusnadi
Published: January 2024

Pembelajaran daring merupakan solusi pembelajaran ketika masa pandemi covid-19. Tanpa terkecuali SMK Nusantara Indah Sintang yang juga menggunakan sistem pembelajaran daring dengan memanfaatkan sarana online, seperti google meet, whatsapp group, zoom dan media aplikasi lainnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dampak pembelajaran daring bagi hasil belajar siswa di saat pandemi covid-19 di kelas X TKJ. Riset  ini memakai penelitian huantitatif. Penelitian kuantitatif ini bersifat deskritif memakai analisis data primer dengan menyebarkan angket melalui google form secara online dan analisis data sekunder dengan pengambilan data dokumentasi yaitu nilai UAS. Riset ini memakai sampel yang diambil secara acak siswa kelas X TKJ sebanyak 20 peserta didk. Teknik analisis data adalah antara lain, 1. Analisis butir soal yang meliputi uji validitas dan reabilitas; 2.Analisis hasil belajar murid yang meliputi uji normalitas, uji linieritas, uji t (hipotesis). Hasil riset menunjukan jika hasil hasil uji t mendapat t-hitung sejumlah 20 orang dengan sig maka nilai t-tabel dengan taraf kepercayaan 95% (a=0.05) adalah hingga H0 ditolak dan H1 diterima dan dinyatakan adanya dampak pembelajaran daring terhadap hasil belajar murid pada mata pelajaran matematika di SMK Nusantara Indah Sintang
ANALISIS KESULITAN SISWA DALAM MENYELESAIKAN SOAL CERITA MATERI -RELASI DAN FUNGSI
Authors: Hutagaol, S.Pd,M.Pd Anita Sri Rejeki , Yopita Yopita , Andau Veronika
Published: January 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk menjelaskan Kesulitan siswa dalam memahami konsep matematis pada materi Relasi dan fungsi di SMA negeri 2 Sintang. Subjek penelitian berjumlah 30 siswa kelas X IPA 3  tahun akademik 2021/2022. Data yang di kumpulkan berupa hasil tes dalam menyelesaikan soal cerita dan lembar hasil wawancara. Soal tes yang digunakan untuk mengukur kemampuan siswa dalam memahami konsep matematis terdiri dari 5 soal  berbentuk esai dengan materi Relasi dan fungsi. Hasil tes kemudian dianalisis berdasarkan indikator pemahaman konsep matematis yaitu: 1) dapat menjelaskan ulang definisi dengan kata-kata sendiri agar mudah di mengerti, 2) mampu membedakan contoh dan yang bukan contoh, dan 3) dapat menggunakan konsep saat menyelesaikan masalah (Agustina, 2016 hal) . Hasil dari analisis data menunjukkan bahwa Siswa masih mengalami kesulitan dalam memahami konsep matematis terbukti dari beberapa persentase ketercapaian tiap indikator yang tergolong rendah dan terbukti dari hasil wawancara siswa. Hasil dari penelitian ini bisa memberikan informasi kepada guru  secara khusus guru matematika tentang kemampuan siswa dalam memahami konsep matematis sehingga guru diharapkan dapat merancang kegiatan pembelajaran yang mampu mengatasi kesulitan siswa dalam memahami konsep matematis.
SYSTEMATIC LITERATUR REVIEW: KEMAMPUAN MATEMATIKA
Authors: Rahmawati Lutvi Rahmawati , Lumaati Noor Naili Lumaati Noor
Published: January 2024

Abstrak: Penelitian ini mendiskripsikan kemampuan matematika yang meliputi tiga macam yaitu kemampuan pemecahan masalah, kemampuan koneksi matematika, dan kemampuan komunikasi matematika. Dalam matematika terdapat suatu permasalahan yang harus diselesaiakan oleh peserta didik dengan menggunakan berbagai penjelasan menurut ahli, salah satunya adalah Polya yang menjelaskan langkah-langkah pemecahan masalah. Selain itu juga terdapat koneksi matematika yang menghubungkan antar konsep matematika. Serta ada komunikasi matematika yaitu meyampaiakan materi dengan bahasa atau komunikasi yang mudah dipahami oleh peserta didik. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu SLR (Systematic Literature Review). Pengumpulan data ini dilakukan dengan mengumpulkan review semua artikel lebih dari enam belas artikel. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah artikel yang diperoleh melalui google scholar. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data, disimpulkan bahwa kemampuan belajar matematika dapat dijelaskan melalui beberapa indikator pada setiap macamnya oleh beberapa ahli. Kata-kata kunci: kemampuan pemecahan masalah, kemampuan koneksi matematika, kemampuan komunikasi matematika.
Literature Review: Self Regulated Learning dalam Pembelajaran Matematika
Authors: Navyola Vorry
Published: January 2024

Self Regulated Learning is a factor in the self that is owned by learners both teachers and students in order to achieve the goals of learning and teaching improvement. The abilities that can be obtained in learning mathematics include the ability to think creatively, the ability to think and act independently based on reasons that can be accounted for, and the ability to solve problems in a variety of situations. This article aimed at defining and explaning about Self Regulated Learning in mathematics. This is a literature based article taken from books, journal articles, and other documents related to the discussed topic. The results of his study found that, the development of Self Regulated Learning was needed by individuals in learning mathematics. Independent learning habits will be able to foster student independence in learning and students can also learn effectively and efficiently by referring to the expected goals.
Self Efficacy dalam Pembelajaran Online Matematika
Authors: Dian Fransisca Tanjung
Published: January 2024

Abstract. The ability of self-efficacy is considered to be closely related to students' mathematical learning outcomes, especially in how far students have confidence and want to continue trying to solve mathematical problem solving problems. In face-to-face learning, the four main sources of creating self-efficacy abilities are mastery experiences, modeling, social persuasion, and physiological states (Bandura, 1997). However, along with technological developments and the demands of the situation in the midst of a pandemic, teachers and students must have a strategy to continue to develop self-efficacy abilities, even though learning at this time can only be done through distance or online learning. The purpose of this article is to present several alternative ways to continue to develop students' self-efficacy abilities in the context of an online learning environment, especially in the field of mathematics. The writing of this article uses the method of literature review from books and articles. There are three subtopics that will be explained, namely what self-efficacy abilities are, how students' self-efficacy abilities can be formed, and how to develop self-efficacy abilities in online mathematics learning.
ANALISIS KEMAMPUAN PENALARAN MATEMATIS SISWA PADA MATERI BARISAN DAN DERET
Authors: Setiawan, S.Pd., M.Pd Beni
Published: January 2024

Latar belakang dari penelitian ini adalah kesalahan siswa dalam penalaran matematis  pada materi barisan dan deret aritmatika di kelas XI IIS Sma Joseph Khatulistiwa. Dari hasil yang sudah diamati oleh peneliti salah satu penyebabnya kesalahan siswa dalam mengerjakan soal tes uraian yaitu kurangnya penalaran matematis siswa. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis penalaran matematis siswa dalam mengerjakan soal matematika, untuk menjelaskan hambatan-hambatan penalaran matematis siswa dan untuk mengatasi faktor penghambat penalaran matematis siswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Subjek penelitian ini yaitu 9 siswa Sma Joseph Khatulistiwa. Insterumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan soal tes uraian sebanyak 3 soal siswa SMA kelas XI IPS. Ada 3 cara uuntuk menganalisis data yaitu dengan mengumpulkan hasil tes uraian. Pengumpulan data dengan cara menghubungkan pengerjaan soal tes penalaran matematis siswa. Untuk mengetahui kesalahan siswa menggunakan materi barisan dan deret aritmatika. Hasil tes penelitian ini akan menggunakan indikator dari penalaran matematis yaitu: (a) menarik sebuah kesimpulan, (b) menentukan pola. Dari hasil tes  menunjukan tidak ada siswa yang dapat menjawab denga tepat. Dengan menggunakan indikator pedoman kesalahan Newman,  hal ini siswa belum dapat memahami dari suatu soal dan belum dapat berpikir secara logis.
Analisis Proses Translasi Representasi Matematis Siswa dalam Menyelesaikan Soal Kubus dan Balok
Authors: Putri Rila Septia Pratama , Hakim Lukman El , Hidajat Flavia Aurelia
Published: January 2024

Translasi dalam konteks representasi matematis merupakan proses penerjemahan dari satu bentuk representasi ke bentuk representasi lain tanpa mengubah makna dari objek yang direpresentasikan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pendahuluan yang bertujuan untuk melihat bagaimana proses translasi representasi matematis siswa kelas VIII pada topik kubus dan balok. Metode kualitatif digunakan dalam penelitian ini untuk memberikan deskripsi mendalam mengenai proses translasi representasi matematis siswa. Penelitian ini dilakukan terhadap siswa kelas VIII pada salah satu sekolah SMP di Kota Bekasi. Data diperoleh dari hasil tes berupa soal yang memuat topik kubus dan balok serta wawancara secara think aloud. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam menyelesaikan soal kubus dan balok siswa melalui 4 tahapan dalam proses translasi representasi matematis yaitu unpacking the source, preliminary coordination, constructing the target, dan determining equivalence. Dari hasil penelitian ini, ditemukan bahwa selain melalui 4 tahapan proses translasi representasi matematis tersebut ternyata siswa juga dapat melakukan refleksi terhadap hasil jawabannya.
Pengaruh Keaktifan Belajar Pasca Covid-19 Terhadap Prestasi Belajar Matematika Siswa
Authors: Azis Azis
Published: January 2024

Tujuan dalam penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui pengaruh keaktifan belajar pasca covid-19 terhadap prestasi belajar matematika siswa kelas XI SMA Negeri 1 Gu. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian ex-post facto dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada semester genap tahun ajaran 2021/2022 di SMA Negeri 1 Gu. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas XI SMA Negeri 1 Gu dengan jumlah siswa sebanyak 248 orang siswa yang tersebar dalam 8 kelas. Sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 151 orang, diambil dengan berdasarkan tabel sampel yang disusun oleh Krijcie dan Morgan. Instrumen dalam penelitian ini berupa angket keaktifan belajar pasca covid-19 dan tes prestasi belajar siswa. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis regresi linear sederhana. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa ada pengaruh keaktifan belajar pasca covid-19 terhadap prestasi belajar matematika siswa kelas XI SMA Negeri 1 Gu. Dari hasil analisis deskriptif data menunjukkan bahwa tingkat keaktifan belajar siswa pasca covid-19 secara umum masih dalam kategori sedang. Sedangkan untuk tingkat prestasi belajar matematika siswa dalam kategori tinggi sebanyak 19,20%, sebanyak 58,27% dalam kategori sedang dan sebanyak 22,51% dalam kategori rendah.  Hal ini ditunjukkan dengan nilai t yang diperoleh sebesar 2,393, signifikan pada 0,018 < 0,05, artinya bahwa H1 diterima.
Pengaruh Minat dan Gaya Belajar Mahasiswa Terhadap Hasil Belajar Aljabar Linear
Authors: Hanifah Ayu Ismi , Masruroh Masruroh
Published: January 2024

Ketertarikan seseorang pada apa yang mereka hargai merupakan sumber inspirasi bagi mereka. Keefektifan seseorang dalam mencapai tujuan belajarnya juga dipengaruhi oleh minat. Hasil belajar juga dapat dipengaruhi oleh gaya belajar selain minat. Setiap orang memiliki gaya belajar yang unik. Ini memiliki dampak yang bervariasi pada seberapa baik seseorang dapat menerima informasi. Informasi yang ditawarkan dapat terserap dengan baik sehingga hasil belajar juga akan baik jika pendidik mengetahui preferensi belajar setiap siswa yang berbeda-beda. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk memastikan apakah minat dan preferensi belajar siswa berdampak pada hasil mata kuliah aljabar linier. Penelitian ini menggunakan metodologi deskriptif kuantitatif. Tentang sumber data diperoleh dari hasil belajar, survei gaya belajar, dan angket minat belajar. Dalam penelitian ini, kuesioner dengan alat bantuan Google Form digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data. Berdasarkan nilai taraf signifikan 0,0000 < 0,05, F hitung = 9,102 > F tabel = 3,18, dan taraf pengaruh 26,72%, diperoleh hasil bahwa hasil belajar siswa pada mata kuliah aljabar linier dipengaruhi oleh minat dan gaya belajar.
Pengaruh Intensitas Penggunaan Gadget Terhadap Minat Belajar Matematika Pada Masa Covid
Authors: Nurhasanah Nurhasanah
Published: January 2024

Pandemi Covid-19 yang membuat siswa belajar di rumah dengan metode daring yang enggan membuat siswa menyelesaikan tugas dan hanya menunggu kiriman jawaban dari teman-temannya, sehingga membuat siswa tidak berminat dalam belajar Matematika. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh positif intensitas penggunaan gadget terhadap minat belajar matematika Pada masa pandemi covid-19 siswa di kelas VIII UPTD SMP Negeri 4 Parepare. Jenis penelitian adalah Ex-Post Facto. Seluruh siswa kelas VIII UPTD SMP Negeri 4 Parepare menjadi populasi penelitian, dengan jumlah 5 kelas. Sampel yang dipilih dengan menggunakan teknik Cluster Random Sampling sehingga diperoleh sampel penelitian kelas VIII.5 berjumlah 35 siswa. Lembar angket digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data penelitian. Diperoleh skor rata-rata hasil angket intensitas penggunaan gadget sebesar 74,14 sedangkan skor rata-rata hasil angket minat belajar matematika yaitu 79,09. Analisis infrerensial menggunakan analisis regresi linear sederhana dengan nilai probabilitas = 0,00 kurang dari 𝛼 (𝛼= 0,05). Jadi H0 ditolak dan H1 diterima. Hal ini menunjukkan ada pengaruh positif intensitas penggunaan gadget terhadap minat belajar matematika siswa di kelas VIII UPTD SMP Negeri 4 Parepare pada masa pandemi covid-19.
Eksplorasi Etnomatematika Pada Motif Batik Cilegon Ditinjau Dari Konsep Geometri
Authors: Syam Syifa Subhiyati , Pujiastuti Heni
Published: January 2024

Etnomatematika merupakan matematika yang terdapat dalam budaya. Etnomatematika berperan penting dalam mempelajari matematika dengan melibatkan aktivitas atau eksplorasi nilai-nilai kebudayaan daerah sehingga memberikan kemudahan seseorang untuk memahami suatu konsep. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menelusuri etnomatematika pada beberapa motif batik khas Cilegon dilihat dari konsep geometri. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan metode etnografi. Subyek dalam penelitian ini adalah penanggung jawab Sanggar Batik Cilegon. Adapun teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu observasi lapangan, wawancara, studi literatur, dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan yaitu reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Berdasarkan hasil pengumpulan data penelitian diperoleh 4 jenis motif batik Cilegon, yaitu motif Kue Gipang, motif Ani-Ani, motif Kue Engkak, dan motif Ilir. Konsep geometri yang ditemukan dalam 4 motif tersebut yaitu titik, garis, garis sejajar, garis lengkung, sudut, balok, segitiga, persegi, persegi panjang, belahketupat, oval, kekongruenan, kesebangunan, refleksi, rotasi, dan translasi.
ANALISIS KEMAMPUAN PENALARAN MATEMATIS SISWA SMP DITINJAU DARI PERBEDAAN GENDER
Authors: Hasanah Uswatun , Pujiastuti Heni
Published: January 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis profil kemampuan penalaran matematis siswa pada materi aritmatika sosial ditinjau dari perbedaan gender. Indikator penalaran yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini meliputi (1) menyajikan pernyataan matematika secara tertulis; (2) mengajukan hipotesis; (3) melakukan manipulasi matematis; (4) menyusun bukti  (5) menarik kesimpulan; (6) memeriksa kesahihan dan (7) menemukan pola atau sifat fenomena matematika untuk membuat generalisasi. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini merupakan bentuk penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dimana subjeknya adalah siswa kelas VIIIG SMPN 10 Kota Serang yang berjumlah 25 siswa yang terdiri dari 13 siswa laki-laki dan 12 siswa perempuan. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu menggunakan instrumen berupa tes tertulis dan wawancara. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, secara keseluruhan kemampuan penalaran matematis siswa kelas VIIIG SMPN 10 Kota Serang pada materi aritmetika sosial masih tergolong rendah. Berdasarkan jenis kelamin, Berdasarkan jenis kelamin, siswa laki-laki terdapat 23,08% dan siswa perempuan terdapat 41,67% yang memiliki kemampuan penalaran matematis sedang. Kemudian, siswa laki-laki terdapat 76,92% dan siswa perempuan  terdapat 58,33% yang kemampuan penalaran matematis rendah. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, siswa perempuan unggul dibandingkan siswa laki-laki.