bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Komunikasi Interpersonal Jeme Pandak Dengan Masyarakat Dalam Menjalin Keakraban
Authors: Nugraha Prasetya
Published: February 2023

Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui Bagaimana Komunikasi Interpersonal Jeme Pandak dengan masyarakat dalam menjalin Keakraban di Desa Lawang Agung Kecamatan Kedurang, penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi karena terdapat jeme pandak dan masyarakat yang kurang menjalin keakraban di salahsatu Desa yang ada di Kecamatan Kedurang, namun di Desa Lawang Agung Kecamatan Kedurang Jeme Pandak dan masyarakatnya menjalin keakaraban. Metode penelitian adalah dengan pendekatan kualitatif, dengan menggunakan Jeme pandak dan masyarakat Desa Lawang Agung sebagai Informan. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu teknik analisis kualitatif, dengan menggunakan purposive sampling sebagai teknik penentuan informan, informan dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 12 orang, Sedangkan teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara, observasi, dokumentasi. Hasil Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa komunikasi interpersonal jeme pandak dengan masyarakat berperan besar dalam menjalin keakraban di Desa Lawang Agung, Kecamatan Kedurang, hal ini terjadi karena dalam interaksinya, jeme pandak melakukan keterbukaan dengaan saling bertukar pikiran, empati dengan mengunjungi masyarakat saat ada musibah, sikap mendukung dengan meramaikan jika ada kegiatan di Desa, sikap positif, dan kesetaraan dengan masyarakat, meskipun pada awalnya beberapa jeme pandak belum menerapkan aspek sikap positif dan kesetaraan, namun seiring berjalan waktu mereka menerapkan aspek tersebut, sehingga hubungan yang terjadi antara jeme pandak dengan masyarakat terjalin akrab di Desa Lawang Agung.

Kata kunci: Komunikasi Interpersonal, Jeme Pandak, Keakraban.
Pengaruh Iklan Aqua Versi Pertemuan Internasional Terhadap Minat Beli Mahasiswa FISIP UNIB
Authors: Darmawan Akbar Aditya , Widiastuti Wahyu , Makhrian Andy
Published: February 2023

Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif deskriptif. Populasi sasaran dalam penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Universitas Bengkulu angkatan 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 yang Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan teknik purposive sampling, dengan kriteria responden yang melihat tayangan iklan Aqua versi Pertemuan Internasional terhadap minat beli mahasiswa Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik, maka didapat jumlah sampel sebanyak 44 responden. Pada penelitian ini yang menjadi indikator pada variabel Independen (Bebas) pengaruh iklan Aqua versi Pertemuan Internasional adalah bagaimana isi pesan, struktur pesan, format pesan, sumber pesan. Sedangkan indikator pada variabel Dependen (Terikat) Minat beli mahasiswa Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik adalah bagaimana perhatian, ketertarikan, keinginan, keyakinan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa hasil persamaan regresi linier sederhana didapati koefisien regresi (b) pengaruh iklan Aqua versi pertemuan Internasional 518 dengan angka yang positif. Dan nilai t hitung 2,304≥ t tabel1,68195 (H0 ditolak dan Ha diterima). Perilaku penonton tayangan iklan Aqua dipengaruhi secara signifikan oleh persepsi manfaat dan minat.Kata Kunci:Pengaruh Iklan, Aqua, Pertemuan Internasioal, Minat Beli
Pelestarian Aksara Kaganga Melalui Sarana Komunikasi Sebagai Perwujudan Identitas Suku Rejang di Kabupaten Lebong
Authors: Dona Rama , Hadiprashada Dhanurseto , Budiman Dwi Aji
Published: February 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui upaya pelestarian aksara KaGaNga sebagai bentuk sarana komunikasi dalam perwujudan identitas suku rejang di Kabupaten Lebong dan untuk mengetahui bentuk sarana komunikasi dalam pelestarian aksara KaGaNga di Kabupaten Lebong. Penelitian ini menggunakan tipe penelitian kualitatif yang bersifat dekriptif. Dalam penelitan ini peneliti menggunakan Teknik pengumpulan data dengan melakukan wawancara, observasi dan dokmuentasi serta menggunakan hasil penemuan data yang peneliti dapatkan di lapangan selama proses penelitian berlangsung, sehingga di dapatkan data yang dibutuhkan. Informan dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari informan kunci dan informan pokok.Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan Upaya pelestarian aksara KaGaNga sebagai bentuk sarana komunikasi dalam perwujudan identitas suku rejang di Kabupaten Lebong sudah dilakukan dengan baik oleh masyarakat dan pemerintah Kabupaten Lebong.

Kata Kunci : Pelestarian, Aksara Ka Ga Nga, Sarana Komunikasi
UPAYA ADAPTASI DAN KESETARAAN ETNIK BANYUMAS DENGAN ETNIK REJANG DI KECAMATAN ARGA MAKMUR
Authors: Widyastuti Erlisa , Saragih Rasianna Br. , Supriyanto Heri
Published: February 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana proses dan hambatan yang terjadi pada Etnik Banyumas selama beradaptasi, serta upaya yang dilakukannya dalam memperjuangkan kesetaraan dengan Etnik Rejang. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi nonpartisipan, wawancara mendalam, studi kepustakaan dan studi dokumentasi. Hasil analisis data diuji keabsahannya dengan menggunakan triangulasi sumber. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa upaya adaptasi yang dilakukan oleh Etnik Banyumas berlangsung dengan 5 cara yaitu Integration, Separation, Assimilation, mode gabungan relasi, dan marginalization. Secara umum dalam pendekatan teori Co-Cultural upaya yang digunakan ialah dengan cara Accomodation yaitu berusaha agar para anggota kelompok dominan dapat menerima para anggota minoritas. Dalam upaya adaptasi dan kesetaraan Etnik Banyumas dengan Etnik Rejang dibutuhkan sikap tolerasi antaretnik dan komunikasi antarbudaya.Kata kunci : Komunikasi Antarbudaya, Adaptasi, dan Teori Co-Cultural
Pengalaman Perempuan Setelah Perselingkuhan Pasangan, bertahan atau berpisah ?
Authors: - Indria , Anis Endang Anis Endang
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this study was to examine the experiences of woman after their partner’s infidelity, whether to stay or choose to separate. This study uses a qualitative methode with a phenomenological approach. Data was collected through semi-structured in-dept interviews and informants in this study were selected through purposive techniques based on considerations of suitability with the problem and research abjectives. The informants in this study amounted to two women who were the research subjects with the problem of husband’s infidelity. Based on the result of the study, it can be concluded that in the end the experience of woman who experience infidelity with their partners will shoose to end their housedhold or choosed to separate.

Keywords: Woman, infidelity, endure, separate.
ENDEMİK ASPERULA LILACIFLORA SUBSP. PHRYGIA (BORNM.) SCHÖNB. -TEM. (RUBIACEAE) ÜZERİNDE FARMASÖTİK BOTANİK ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: KAYA Ayla , KAYİŞ Kader
Published: February 2023

Amaç: Bu çalışmada Rubiaceae familyasına ait endemik Asperula lilaciflora subsp. phrygia’nın farmasötik botanik açıdan araştırılması amaçlanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Eskişehir-İnönü’den toplanan bitki morfolojik araştırmalarda değerlendirilirken, tüy ve polen morfolojisi SEM’de incelenmiştir. Anatomik çalışmalarda %70’lik alkole alınan örneklerin manuel kesitlerinde, yapıları aydınlatılmış ve fotoğrafları çekilmiştir. Toplam fenolik madde miktarı Folin-Ciocalteu reaktifi ile test edilmiştir. Bitki ekstresinin antioksidan aktivitesi ise DPPH ve ABTS süpürücü etki tayini ile belirlenmiştir.
Sonuç ve Tartışma: Bitkinin morfolojik, anatomik, tüy, polen ve kimyasal özellikleri ilk kez bu çalışmayla ortaya koyulmuştur. Morfolojik çalışmada taksonun ayrıntılı deskripsiyonu verilmiş, çizimler ve fotoğraflarla desteklenmiştir. Gövde ve yapraklarda yoğun hispit tüyler tanımlanmıştır. Polenler hekzakolpat olup, eliptik şekillidir. Gövdeler, dört köşeli-yuvarlak, kollateral tipte ve ergastik madde ile rafit kristalleri içermektedir. Yapraklar monofasiyal tiptedir. Toplam fenolik madde miktarı 1 g A. lilaciflora subsp. phrygia ekstresinde 31 mg gallik asite eşdeğer (GAE) olarak hesaplanmıştır. Antioksidan aktivitesi DPPH IC50=0.38 mg/ml, ABTS IC50=0.37 mg/ml-0.90 mg/ml olarak bulunmuştur.
Kości zwierzęce i wyroby kościane z cmentarzyska w Świbiu / Animal bones and bone artefacts from cemetery at Świbie
Authors: Abłamowicz Renata
Published: February 2023

Among the 548 features discovered in the Świbie cemetery (site 16), animal bones were identified in 28 human graves and four animal graves, which represent 4.9% and 0.7% of the total number respectively. Animal bones were most commonly found with the deceased buried in pit cremations (39.3%), and much less frequently in urned cremations (28.6%) and inhumation graves (14.2%). The fewest were found in biritual graves (14.2%). Only domestic mammals were used for ritual purposes. Pig bones (46.1%) and sheep/goat bones (36.3%) were recorded in the highest numbers, followed by cattle (14.7%) and horse (2.9%). However, in terms of the frequency of occurrence in graves, sheep/goat ranked first, ahead of cattle, with pig ranking third and horse fourth. The remains of sheep/goat were recorded in 13 graves, cattle in eight, pig in five and a horse in one. Considering the data provided by the anthropological analysis, it should be noted that animal bones more often accompanied buried women (seven cases, including twice with children aged Infans I and II) than men (four cases), and were recorded only once in a child grave (Infans II). In the case of single-species admixtures, sheep/goat fragments were attested twice in a female grave and once in a male grave. Pig was found in the burial of a woman with a child (Infans II) and cattle in the grave of a child (Infans II). The approximate data obtained on the distribution of skeletal elements for each species show that, in the case of the pig, both the low-value parts of the carcass (hand and foot elements) and those of high culinary value (thoracic limb bones) were placed to graves at almost the same frequency. Bones of the head, vertebrae and ribs and bones of the pelvic limb were not recorded. In the case of sheep/goat and cattle, on the other hand, the consumable parts of the carcass were more numerous in the graves, especially the bones of the thoracic limb (sheep/goat) or the bones of the pelvic limb (cattle). Less valuable parts and slaughter waste were represented by bones of hand and foot. Also in these cases, head bones and vertebrae were observed to be missing and the number of ribs was relatively small. Four animal graves were discovered in Świbie as well. Three of these were cremation burials in pits (38, 413, 450), probably single-species, in which sheep/goat was attested twice and pig once. The fourth represented a partial inhumation burial (398), in which the skeletal elements of cattle and horse were deposited. The data obtained at the Świbie cemetery confirm the view that prehistoric communities of the Lusatian culture circle observed funerary rituals which apart from the deceased human also took into account the animal.
Hyperlipoproteinemia impairs endothelium-derived vasodilation
Authors: Kraml P , Syrovátka P , Štípek S , Fialová L , Kopřivová H , Potočková J , Anděl M
Published: February 2023

Atherogenic lipoproteins can cause endothelial dysfunction in the initial stage of atherogenesis. In our study we examined 134 patients with defined hyperlipoproteinemia (non-HDL cholesterol > 4.1 mmol/l or triglycerides > 2.5 mmol/l or taking any of lipid lowering drugs) – 94 men and 40 women. The subgroup of controls of comparable age contained 54 normolipidemic individuals – 30 men and 24 women. Patients with hyperlipoproteinemia revealed significantly lower ability of endothelium-dependent flow-mediated vasodilation (EDV) measured on brachial artery (4.13±3.07 vs. 5.41±3.82 %; p=0.032) and higher carotid intima media thickness than normolipidemic controls (0.68±0.22 vs. 0.58±0.15 mm; p=0.005). In regression analysis, EDV correlated significantly with plasma concentrations of oxLDL (p<0.05) HDL-cholesterol (p<0.05), Apo A1 (p<0.05), ATI (p<0.01) and non-HDL cholesterol (p<0.05). Patients with hyperlipoproteinemia showed higher plasma levels of oxLDL (65.77±9.54 vs. 56.49±7.80 U/l; p=0.015), malondialdehyde (0.89±0.09 vs. 0.73±0.08 µmol/l; p=0.010) and nitrites/nitrates (20.42±4.88 vs. 16.37±4.44 µmol/l; p=0.018) indicating possible higher long-term oxidative stress in these patients.
İlçeye yönelik ekonomik ve sosyokültürel etkileri bakımından Çay Meslek Yüksekokulu
Authors: KOÇAK Hüseyin , GENCER Murat , DURNA Fatma Zehra
Published: February 2023

Yükseköğretim kurumlarının kuruldukları yerlerin kentsel gelişimine katkıları konusunda farklı yaklaşımlar bulunmaktadır. Bir yaklaşıma göre, yükseköğretim kurumları yalnızca altyapı ve öğretim elemanları bakımından yeterli bulunan büyük kentlere kurulmalıdır. Çünkü sosyo-kültürel açıdan ve altyapı açısından yetersiz olan büyük kent dışı yerleşmelere kurulması yanlış ve kaynak israfı olarak değerlendirilmektedir. Bu yaklaşım, özünde bazı haklı gerekçeler olsa da seçkinci bir yaklaşım olarak değerlendirilebilir. Diğer yaklaşım ise yükseköğretim kurumlarının bulundukları yerin kentsel gelişmesine katkı sunduğunu savunmaktadır. Bu yaklaşıma göre, ülkemizin görece geri kalmış bölgelerinin gelişimine katkı sunması bakımından bu yerlere yükseköğretim kurumlarının açılması gerekliliği üzerinde durulmaktadır. Birbirine neredeyse zıt bu iki yaklaşımdan acaba hangisi ülke gerçekleri açısından doğru olabilir? Bu anlamda her iki görüşün de daha detaylı bir biçimde irdelenmesi gerekmektedir. Çay ilçesinde bir meslek yüksekokulu bulunmaktadır. Çay halkı ile bu meslek yüksekokulu arasında bir bağ olduğu, halkın bu kurumların gelişmesine katkı sunduğu, bu kurumların da kentin ekonomik ve sosyal yapısına katkı sunduğu düşünülmektedir. Bu çalışmada, konunun paydaşları ile yapılan derinlemesine görüşmeler ışığında, bu kurumların kentin ekonomik, sosyal ve kültürel gelişimine katkısı değerlendirilmektedir.
LIPUS as a potential strategy for periodontitis treatment: A review of the mechanisms
Authors: Aimaijiang Maierhaba , Liu Yiping , Zhang Zhiying , Qin Qiuyue , Liu Manxuan , Abulikemu Palizi , Liu Lijun , Zhou Yanmin
Published: February 2023

Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory condition triggered by oral bacteria. A sustained inflammatory state in periodontitis could eventually destroy the alveolar bone. The key objective of periodontal therapy is to terminate the inflammatory process and reconstruct the periodontal tissues. The traditional Guided tissue regeneration (GTR) procedure has unstable results due to multiple factors such as the inflammatory environment, the immune response caused by the implant, and the operator’s technique. Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS), as acoustic energy, transmits the mechanical signals to the target tissue to provide non-invasive physical stimulation. LIPUS has positive effects in promoting bone regeneration, soft-tissue regeneration, inflammation inhibition, and neuromodulation. LIPUS can maintain and regenerate alveolar bone during an inflammatory state by suppressing the expression of inflammatory factors. LIPUS also affects the cellular behavior of periodontal ligament cells (PDLCs), thereby protecting the regenerative potential of bone tissue in an inflammatory state. However, the underlying mechanisms of the LIPUS therapy are still yet to be summarized. The goal of this review is to outline the potential cellular and molecular mechanisms of periodontitis-related LIPUS therapy, as well as to explain how LIPUS manages to transmit mechanical stimulation into the signaling pathway to achieve inflammatory control and periodontal bone regeneration.
Tailoring therapies to counter the divergent immune landscapes of breast cancer
Authors: Attalla Sherif , Taifour Tarek , Muller William
Published: February 2023

Breast cancer remains a significant clinical concern affecting millions of women worldwide. Immunotherapy is a rapidly growing drug class that has revolutionized cancer treatment but remains marginally successful in breast cancer. The success of immunotherapy is dependent on the baseline immune responses as well as removing the brakes off pre-existing anti-tumor immunity. In this review, we summarize the different types of immune microenvironment observed in breast cancer as well as provide approaches to target these different immune subtypes. Such approaches have demonstrated pre-clinical success and are currently under clinical evaluation. The impact of combination of these approaches with already approved chemotherapies and immunotherapies may improve patient outcome and survival.
Electromagnetic design and temperature field analysis of hybrid excitation primary permanent magnet linear motor
Authors: Wang Xiuping , Liu Wanming , Qu Chunyu , Yang Shuai
Published: February 2023

Hybrid excitation primary permanent magnet linear motor has the dual advantages of high thrust density of primary permanent magnet linear motor and the flexibility on adjusting the air gap magnetic field of hybrid excitation motor. In this paper, two new 36/4 hybrid excitation primary permanent magnet linear motors with different secondary structures are proposed. Based on the detailed introduction of the motor topology and operation mechanism, the structural parameters are optimized, and the pole arc coefficient of the primary pole shoe and the secondary are finally determined to be 0.4. The secondary is magnetoresistive, and the final thrust adjustment range is about 16.8% under the conditions of optimal armature current and current lead angle. The temperature field of the motor in the magnetizing state is analyzed. The results show that the temperature of the motor decreases gradually from the center to both sides after 7200 s of operation of the new hybrid excitation structure, while the permanent magnet will not be demagnetized permanently. It shows an acceptable reliability.
The effects of microglia-associated neuroinflammation on Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Wang Cuicui , Zong Shuai , Cui Xiaolin , Wang Xueying , Wu Shuang , Wang Le , Liu Yingchao , Lu Zhiming
Published: February 2023

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is defined as a severe chronic degenerative neurological disease in human. The pathogenic mechanism of AD has been convincingly elucidated by the “amyloid cascade hypothesis” with the main focus of the pathological accretion of β-amyloid (Aβ) peptides outside the cell. However, increasing evidence suggests that this hypothesis is weak in explaining the pathogenesis of AD. Neuroinflammation is crucial in the development of AD, which is proven by the elevated levels of inflammatory markers and the identification of AD risk genes relevant to the innate immune function. Here, we summarize the effects of microglia-mediated neuroinflammation on AD, focusing on the temporal and spatial changes in microglial phenotype, the interactions among microglia, Aβ, tau, and neurons, and the prospects and recent advances in neuroinflammation as a diagnostic and therapeutic target of AD.
Interactions between PCSK9 and NLRP3 inflammasome signaling in atherosclerosis
Authors: Wang Yanan , Fang Dan , Yang Qinzhi , You Jingcan , Wang Liqun , Wu Jianbo , Zeng Min , Luo Mao
Published: February 2023

Atherosclerosis is an early pathological basis of numerous cardiovascular events that result in death or disability. Recent studies have described PCSK9 as a novel target for the treatment of atherosclerosis; PCSK9 is capable of degrading LDLR on the surface of hepatocytes through the regulation of lipid metabolism, and it can function as a novel inflammatory modulator in atherosclerosis. Inflammasomes are important intracellular multiprotein complexes that promote the inflammatory response in atherosclerosis. Among inflammasomes, the NLRP3 inflammasome is particularly notable because of its important role in the development of atherosclerotic disease. After activation, NLRP3 forms a complex with ASC and pro-caspase-1, converting pro-caspase-1 into activated caspase-1, which may trigger the release of IL-1β and IL-18 and contribute to the inflammatory response. Several recent studies have indicated that there may be interactions between PCSK9 and the NLRP3 inflammasome, which may contribute to the inflammatory response that drives atherosclerosis development and progression. On the one hand, the NLRP3 inflammasome plays an important role via IL-1β in regulating PCSK9 secretion. On the other hand, PCSK9 regulates caspase-1-dependent pyroptosis by initiating mtDNA damage and activating NLRP3 inflammasome signaling. This paper reviews the mechanisms underlying PCSK9 and NLRP3 inflammasome activation in the context of atherosclerosis. Furthermore, we describe the current understanding of the specific molecular mechanism underlying the interactions between PCSK9 and NLRP3 inflammasome signaling as well as the drug repositioning events that influence vascular cells and exert beneficial antiatherosclerotic effects. This review may provide a new therapeutic direction for the effective prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis in the clinic.
Applicability of taxonomic sufficiency of macrofaunal assemblages in benthic ecological quality assessments: Insights from a semi-enclosed bay
Authors: Liu Jiawei , Xu Zhaodong , Liu Xiaoshou
Published: February 2023

To explore the applicability of taxonomic sufficiency in benthic ecological quality assessments, we analyzed the similarity of data matrices under different taxonomic levels and transformations based on macrofaunal data sampled from a semi-enclosed bay. The data matrix similarity revealed a highly significant correlation among the similarity matrices at the species level and those at the higher taxonomic levels (genus, family and order), while the correlation coefficients among the matrices decreased with increasing taxonomic levels. Second-stage CLUSTER plots showed that the quantitative genus level was the closest to the quantitative species level. The loss of family level data varied among seasons. The results of the response to environmental factors at the genus and family levels were similar to those at the species level. In the assessment of the benthic ecological quality of semi-enclosed bays, the level of macrofauna identification can be at the genus or family level to improve the cost performance, depending on logistical conditions.
Evolutionary game between government and shipping enterprises based on shipping cycle and carbon quota
Authors: Xiao Guangnian , Cui Wenya
Published: February 2023

With the opening of the national carbon trading market and the coming of the post-epidemic era, the government actively promotes the carbon quota policy to fundamentally achieve carbon emission reduction. This paper corresponds the shipping cycle to the shipping market demand situation during the epidemic, incorporates the shipping cycle characteristics and government quota characteristics into a multi-stage evolutionary game model. Later, the study analyzes the equilibrium points of the game parties at each stage and finally investigates the influence of factors such as technological improvement on the strategy choice of shipping enterprises through sensitivity analysis. The study found that the government’s carbon quota policy is influenced by shipping market demand. During the peak shipping season, the government’s quota policy is binding on shipping enterprises. In the low season of shipping, the binding effect of government’s quota policy on shipping enterprises will be reduced, or even appear to be invalid. Therefore, the government should forecast the demand situation of the shipping market, gradually relax the regulation during the peak season of shipping, and strengthen the regulation before the low season of shipping. Shipping enterprises should increase the research and development of carbon emission reduction technology to reduce carbon emissions from the root to realize the sustainable development of ports and marine-related industries in the post-epidemic era.
Effects of roxadustat on anemia, iron metabolism, and lipid metabolism in patients with non-dialysis chronic kidney disease
Authors: Hirai Keiji , Kaneko Shohei , Minato Saori , Yanai Katsunori , Hirata Momoko , Kitano Taisuke , Ito Kiyonori , Ueda Yuichiro , Ookawara Susumu , Morishita Yoshiyuki
Published: February 2023

Background

We determined the effects of roxadustat on the values of anemia, iron metabolism, renal function, proteinuria, and lipid metabolism and identified the associated factors of the change in hemoglobin levels after roxadustat administration in non-dialysis chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients who were receiving an erythropoietin-stimulating agent (ESA).

Methods

We conducted retrospective analysis of the changes in hemoglobin, serum ferritin, total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and triglyceride levels; transferrin saturation; the estimated glomerular filtration rate; and the urinary protein/creatinine ratio over 24 weeks after the change from an ESA to roxadustat in 50 patients with non-dialysis CKD and anemia (roxadustat group). Seventy-two patients with non-dialysis CKD and anemia who proceeded ESA therapy were used as the control (ESA) group.

Results

We observed no significant between-group differences in clinical parameters at baseline except for the significantly lower hemoglobin concentration and lower proportion of diabetes mellitus in the roxadustat group. The hemoglobin concentration was significantly higher in the roxadustat group after 24 weeks (11.3 ± 1.2 versus 10.3 ± 1.0 g/dL; value of p < 0.05), whereas the transferrin saturation, ferritin concentration, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and urinary protein/creatinine ratio were not different between the two groups. TC (135.9 ± 40.0 versus 165.3 ± 38.4 mg/dL; value of p < 0.05), LDL-C (69.1 ± 28.3 versus 87.2 ± 31.5 mg/dL; value of p < 0.05), HDL-C (41.4 ± 13.5 versus 47.2 ± 15.3 mg/dL; value of p < 0.05), and triglyceride concentrations (101.5 ± 52.7 versus 141.6 ± 91.4 mg/dL, value of p < 0.05) were significantly lower in the roxadustat group compared with the ESA group at 24 weeks. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the roxadustat dose at baseline (standard coefficient [β] = 0.280, value of p = 0.043) was correlated with the change in the hemoglobin levels during the first 4 weeks of roxadustat treatment, whereas age (β = 0.319, value of p = 0.017) and the roxadustat dose at 24 weeks (β = −0.347, value of p = 0.010) were correlated with the hemoglobin concentration after 24 weeks of roxadustat administration.

Conclusion

Roxadustat can improve anemia and reduce serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels in non-dialysis CKD patients after the patients’ treatment was switched from an ESA without affecting renal function or proteinuria. These results indicate that roxadustat has superior effects to ESAs regarding anemia and lipid metabolism at the dose selected for the comparison in patients with non-dialysis CKD.
Breast cancer patient-derived explant cultures recapitulate in vivo drug responses
Authors: Pettersen Solveig , Øy Geir Frode , Egeland Eivind Valen , Juell Siri , Engebråten Olav , Mælandsmo Gunhild Mari , Prasmickaite Lina
Published: February 2023

Assessment of drug sensitivity in tumor tissue ex vivo may significantly contribute to functional diagnostics to guide personalized treatment of cancer. Tumor organoid- and explant-cultures have become attractive tools towards this goal, although culturing conditions for breast cancer (BC) tissue have been among the most challenging to develop. Validation of possibilities to detect concordant responses in individual tumors and their respective cultures ex vivo is still needed. Here we employed BC patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) with distinct drug sensitivity, to evaluate different conditions for tissue dissociation, culturing and monitoring of treatment efficacy ex vivo, aiming to recapitulate the in vivo drug responses. The common challenge of discriminating between tumor and normal cells in the cultured tissue was also addressed. Following conventional enzymatic dissociation of BC tissue, the tumor cells stayed within the non-disrupted tissue fragments, while the single cells represented mostly normal host cells. By culturing such fragments as explants, viable tumor tissue could be maintained and treated ex vivo, providing representative indications on efficacy of the tested treatment. Thus, drug sensitivity profiles, including acquired chemoresistance seen in the PDXs, were recapitulated in the respective explants. To detect the concordant responses, however, the effect monitoring had to be harmonized with the characteristics of the cultured tissue. In conclusion, we present the feasibility of BC explants ex vivo to capture differences in drug sensitivity of individual tumors. The established protocols will aid in setting up an analogous platform for BC patient biopsies with the aim to facilitate functional precision medicine.
MRI-based pre-Radiomics and delta-Radiomics models accurately predict the post-treatment response of rectal adenocarcinoma to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy
Authors: Wang Likun , Wu Xueliang , Tian Ruoxi , Ma Hongqing , Jiang Zekun , Zhao Weixin , Cui Guoqing , Li Meng , Hu Qinsheng , Yu Xiangyang , Xu Wengui
Published: February 2023

Objectives

To develop and validate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based pre-Radiomics and delta-Radiomics models for predicting the treatment response of local advanced rectal cancer (LARC) to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NCRT).

Methods

Between October 2017 and August 2022, 105 LARC NCRT-naïve patients were enrolled in this study. After careful evaluation, data for 84 patients that met the inclusion criteria were used to develop and validate the NCRT response models. All patients received NCRT, and the post-treatment response was evaluated by pathological assessment. We manual segmented the volume of tumors and 105 radiomics features were extracted from three-dimensional MRIs. Then, the eXtreme Gradient Boosting algorithm was implemented for evaluating and incorporating important tumor features. The predictive performance of MRI sequences and Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique (SMOTE) for NCRT response were compared. Finally, the optimal pre-Radiomics and delta-Radiomics models were established respectively. The predictive performance of the radionics model was confirmed using 5-fold cross-validation, 10-fold cross-validation, leave-one-out validation, and independent validation. The predictive accuracy of the model was based on the area under the receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC).

Results

There was no significant difference in clinical factors between patients with good and poor reactions. Integrating different MRI modes and the SMOTE method improved the performance of the radiomics model. The pre-Radiomics model (train AUC: 0.93 ± 0.06; test AUC: 0.79) and delta-Radiomcis model (train AUC: 0.96 ± 0.03; test AUC: 0.83) all have high NCRT response prediction performance by LARC. Overall, the delta-Radiomics model was superior to the pre-Radiomics model.

Conclusion

MRI-based pre-Radiomics model and delta-Radiomics model all have good potential to predict the post-treatment response of LARC to NCRT. Delta-Radiomics analysis has a huge potential for clinical application in facilitating the provision of personalized therapy.
Direct and indirect damage zone of radiofrequency ablation in porcine lumbar vertebra
Authors: Zhang Chao , Feng Jinyan , Liu Yongheng , Zhang Yan , Song Weijie , Ma Yulin , Han Xiuxin , Wang Guowen
Published: February 2023

Objectives

To explore the direct and indirect heat damage zone of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) in porcine vertebrae and to verify the safety of RFA in a vascularized vertebral tumor model.

Methods

RFA was performed in the porcine lumbar vertebrae. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, hematoxylin and eosin (HE), and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labelling (TUNEL) were used to assess the extent of direct and indirect injuries after RFA. The cavity of lumbar vertebrae was made, and the adjacent muscle flap was used to fill the cavity to make a vertebrae tumor model. RFA was performed in the vascularized vertebral tumor model.

Results

T1-weighted images showed a hypointensive region in the center surrounded by a more hypointensive rim on day 0 and 14. T2-weighted images showed that RFA zone was hypointensive on day 0. On day 7, hypointensity was detected in the center surrounded by a hyperintensive rim. HE showed that the RFA zone could be clearly observed on day 14. Thin bone marrow loss areas were seen around the RFA zone, which was consistent with the hyperintensive rim on the T2-weighted images. TUNEL showed a large number of apoptotic cells in the RFA zone. During RFA in the vertebral tumor model, the temperature of all monitoring positions was less than 45 °C.

Conclusion

Using in vivo experiments, the effective zone of RFA was evaluated by MR imaging and pathology, and the direct and indirect damage range were obtained. The safety of RFA was verified by RFA in a vascularized vertebral tumor model.
Clinical outcomes of closed, displaced phalangeal neck fractures in children with different types of kirschner wire fixation: A retrospective observational study
Authors: Wu Chunxing , Song Jun , Ning Bo , Mo Yueqiang , Wang Dahui
Published: February 2023

Objectives

Inappropriate treatment of Closed displaced phalangeal neck fractures (CDPNF) in children usually leads to poor outcomes.This study was to evaluate the clinical outcomes of closed/open reduction, age, and different types of fracture and Kirschner wire (K-wire) fixation in the treatment of CDPNF.

Materials and methods

Participants: Sixty patients (male, 46 and female,14; right-handed, 35 and left-handed, 25; mean age, 7.9-years-old [range, 1.0–14.5 years]) who had CDPNF were included. Preoperative x-rays showed that the fractures were displaced and exhibited obvious deformities. Interventions: First, reduction (four cases of open reduction and 56 cases of closed reduction) was performed followed by percutaneous K-wire fixation (cross fixation, 24 cases; longitudinal and slanting fixation, 17 cases; homolateral fixation, four cases; and single longitudinal fixation, 15 cases,) and immobilized by cast. x-ray examination following removal of the K-wires showed that the fractures were healed; the criteria for fracture healing were callus formation and the absence of fracture lines. Clinical outcome and radiographs between groups were compared.

Results

According to the visual analogue scale, the pain scores were excellent. According to the Al-Qattan Grade system(AGS),all the patients presented with closed, type II phalangeal neck fractures,the results were excellent in 36 cases (36/60, 60%), good in 15 cases (15/60, 25%), fair in 5 cases (5/60, 8.3%) and poor in 4 cases (4/60, 6.7%). There were significant differences in different fracture type groups (P = 0.013*), operation age groups (P = 0.025*) and open/closed reduction groups (P = 0.042*). There was no significant difference in K-wire fixation type groups (P > 0.05).

Conclusions

Patients with open reduction, the more serious fracture type, the older at the operation, were more likely to have poor AGS result. Different K-wire fixation types for CDPNF in children had the same satisfactory results.
Methotrexate-related adverse events and impact of concomitant treatment with folic acid and tumor necrosis factor-alpha inhibitors: An assessment using the FDA adverse event reporting system
Authors: Onda Kenji , Honma Takeshi , Masuyama Koichi
Published: February 2023

Methotrexate (MTX) is an essential anti-rheumatic drug used to treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Prevention or management of adverse reactions, including interstitial lung disease (ILD), hepatotoxicity, myelosuppression, and infection, remains fundamental for safe MTX therapy. Using the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) (JAPIC AERS), we performed disproportionality analyses of adverse events related to MTX use and the impact of concomitant medications. Upon analyzing all reported cases in FAERS between 1997 and 2019, the crude reporting odds ratios (cRORs; 95% confidence intervals) for ILD, hepatotoxicity, myelosuppression, and tuberculosis (TB) in relation to MTX use were 4.00 (3.83–4.17), 1.99 (1.96–2.02), 3.66 (3.58–3.74), and 7.97 (7.65–8.3), respectively. Combining MTX with folic acid (FA) or tumor necrosis factor-alpha inhibitors (TNFis) tended to reduce cRORs for these adverse events (except for TB). Multiple logistic regression analysis in patients with RA was conducted to calculate adjusted reporting odds ratios (aRORs) for age, sex, and MTX treatment patterns (MTX alone and combined with FA and TNFi). Higher age (except for hepatotoxicity) and male sex were significantly associated with adverse events. Combining FA or TNFi with MTX reduced aRORs for MTX-related hepatotoxicity and myelosuppression; in contrast, the effect of FA was not obvious in ILD or TB. Although studies assessing spontaneous reporting systems have limitations such as reporting bias, data from our logistic regression analysis demonstrated that adding FA to MTX-based therapy could help reduce the dose-dependent adverse events of MTX, thereby providing clinical evidence that supports the beneficial effect of FA. This study also demonstrated the usefulness of FAERS in comparing adverse events based on treatment patterns.
Effects of baicalein with memantine on aluminium chloride-induced neurotoxicity in Wistar rats
Authors: Jadhav Ratnakar , Kulkarni Yogesh A.
Published: February 2023

Alzheimer’s disease is a progressive neurodegenerative condition. It is one of the most common 28 forms of dementia accounting for 60–80% of people suffering from dementia. There are very few medications that are approved for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. Baicalein, belonging to the flavone subclass of flavonoids, has been reported to have a neuroprotective effect by reducing oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, inhibiting the AChE enzyme, and reducing amyloid protein aggregation and toxicity. Memantine is one of the most important drugs used for treating Alzheimer’s disease. The purpose of this work was to study the effect of baicalein with memantine on aluminum chloride-induced neurotoxicity in Wistar rats. Aluminum chloride (100 mg/kg p.o.) was administered for 42 days in male Wistar rats to induce neurotoxicity. Baicalein alone (10 mg/kg) and a combination of baicalein (5 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg) with memantine (20 mg/kg) were administered for 42 days. Treatment of baicalein with memantine showed significant improvement in behavioral parameters. The combination reduced oxidative stress and the formation of β-Amyloid plaques and increased brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression. Based on findings, it can be concluded that treatment with baicalein and memantine may slow the progression of neurodegeneration in rats.
Dlg1 deletion in microglia ameliorates chronic restraint stress induced mice depression-like behavior
Authors: Li Xiaoheng , Peng Zhixin , Jiang Lingling , Zhang Ping , Yang Pin , Yuan Zengqiang , Cheng Jinbo
Published: February 2023

Background: Major depression is one of the most common psychiatric disorders worldwide, inflicting suffering, significant reduction in life span, and financial burdens on families and society. Mounting evidence implicates that exposure to chronic stress can induce the dysregulation of the immune system, and the activation of brain-resident innate immune cells, microglia, leading to depression-like symptoms. However, the specific mechanisms need to be further elucidated.

Method: Animal models of depression were established by chronic restraint stress (CRS), and depression-like behavior was assessed by sucrose preference test (SPT), open field test (OFT), tail suspension test (TST) and forced swimming test (FST). Microglial activation was visualized by immunofluorescent and immunohistochemical staining, and microglial morphological changes were further analyzed by skeleton analysis. The levels of inflammatory cytokines were detected by western blotting and qPCR.

Result: Microglial Dlg1 knockout ameliorates CRS-induced mice depression-like behavior. In contrast to the effect of Dlg1 in the LPS-induced mouse model, Dlg1 knockout had little effect on microglial density, but significantly decreased the number of activated microglia and reversed microglia morphological changes in mice challenged with CRS. Moreover, the upregulation of inflammatory cytokines following CRS exposure was partially reversed by Dlg1 deletion.

Conclusion: Our study provides the evidence that Dlg1 ablation in microglia remarkedly reverses microglial activation and depression-like behavior in mice exposed to CRS, implicating a potential target for the treatment of clinical depression.
Application of deep learning methods in behavior recognition of laying hens
Authors: Wang Fujie , Cui Jiquan , Xiong Yingying , Lu Huishan
Published: February 2023

Poultry behaviors reflect the health status of poultry. For four behaviors of laying hens, such as standing, lying, feeding, and grooming, four deep learning methods for recognition were compared in this paper, as Efficientnet-YoloV3, YoloV4-Tiny, YoloV5, and Faster-RCNN. First, the behavior detection dataset was produced based on the monitoring video data. Then, four algorithms, Efficientnet-YoloV3, YoloV4-Tiny, YoloV5, and Faster-RCNN, were used for training respectively. Finally, using the validation set for recognition, we got the mAP values for the four algorithms: Efficientnet-YoloV3 had mAP values of 81.82% (standing), 88.36% (lying), 98.20% (feeding), 77.30% (grooming), and its FPS values were 9.83 in order; YoloV4-Tiny had mAP values of 65.50% (standing), 78.40% (lying), 94.51% (feeding), 62.70% (grooming), and their FPS values were 14.73 successively; YoloV5 had mAP values of 97.24% (standing), 98.61% (lying), 97.43% (feeding), 92.33% (grooming), and their FPS values were 55.55 successively; Faster-RCNN had mAP values were 95.40% (standing), 98.50% (lying), 99.10% (feeding), and 85.40% (grooming), and their FPS values were 3.54 respectively. The results showed that the YoloV5 algorithm was the optimal algorithm among the four algorithms and could meet the requirements for real-time recognition of laying hens’ behavior.
A molecular beacon real-time polymerase chain reaction assay for the identification of M. chitwoodi, M. fallax, and M. minor
Authors: Anderson Scott D. , Gleason Cynthia A.
Published: February 2023

Root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) are major pests of many important crops around the world. In the Northwestern region of the United States of America (USA), Meloidogyne chitwoodi causes economic losses in potatoes because the nematodes can infect the tubers, which leads to potato galling and reductions in marketable yield. Meloidogyne chitwoodi is a quarantine pathogen in certain potato export markets, and there is little industry tolerance for the presence of this nematode. Recently, two Meloidogyne species that are not known to be present in agricultural fields in the USA were detected on golf turfgrasses in California and Washington. These species, M. fallax and M. minor, are morphologically similar to M. chitwoodi and can infect potatoes and cause tuber damage. Their detection in the USA means that they could potentially infest potato fields and become a problem in potato production. Additionally, M. fallax is a regulated plant pest in the USA, which makes the correct identification of potato-infecting root-knot nematodes important. Previously, there was no single-tube assay that could determine whether M. chitwoodi, M. fallax, and/or M. minor were present in a sample. Thus, a molecular beacon real-time PCR assay which can reliably detect M. chitwoodi, M. fallax, or M. minor from crude nematode extracts was designed and characterized.
Meta-linguistic awareness skills in Chinese-speaking children with hyperlexia: A single-case study
Authors: Luo Lirong , Su I-Fan
Published: February 2023

Purpose

The aim of the study is to examine the meta-linguistic awareness skills contributing to reading aloud in a Chinese-speaking child with hyperlexia.

Methods

Case study approach was used with one case of hyperlexia (TYH) and two control groups: typically developing (TD) children matched for chronological age (CA) and TD children matched for mental ability (MA). A battery of phonological, morphological, and orthographic awareness skill tests were administered.

Results

Results from the modified t-test found that the hyperlexic child did not demonstrate advanced meta-linguistic awareness skills in comparison with the two control groups. On the contrary, TYH’s morphological awareness skills were even lower than the CA control group. Also, in the orthographic awareness test, TYH demonstrated weaker knowledge of character structure and components than the two control groups although his ability in the recognition of real words is intact. In addition, the predictability of orthographic awareness skill was comparable to the CA group with predicted score showed no difference to his obtained score, while TYH achieved a significantly higher reading score than what his morphological awareness skills should predict with reference to TD children of similar age; as well as what his phonological awareness skill predict with reference to the MA group.

Conclusion

The findings suggest that TYH can achieve advanced reading ability with comparable phonological and orthographic awareness skill, despite his weakness in morphological awareness. It is concluded that the hyperlexic reading in Chinese might be achieved through the direct mapping between the whole character and the sound.
Predictive power of the DSM-5 criteria for internet use disorder: A CHAID decision-tree analysis
Authors: Bottel Laura , Brand Matthias , Dieris-Hirche Jan , Pape Magdalena , Herpertz Stephan , te Wildt Bert Theodor
Published: February 2023

Introduction

Although the majority of internet users enjoy the internet as a recreational activity, some individuals report problematic internet use behaviors causing negative psychosocial consequences. Therefore, it is important to have precise and valid diagnostic criteria to ensure suitable treatment for those affected and avoid over-pathologization.

Methods

The aim of the present study was to determine which of the nine DSM-5 criteria of internet gaming disorder (IGD) are crucial in distinguish pathological from non-pathological internet use based on the questionnaire-based response behavior of the participants by applying the Chi-squared automatic interaction detection (CHAID) decision tree analysis. Under consideration of the nine DSM-5 criteria for IGD and according to the short-form scale to assess Internet Gaming Disorder (IGDS-SF9) the DSM-5 criteria were formulated as questions and applied to the broader concept of Internet Use Disorder (IUD). The nine questions were answered on a 5-point Likert scale from “never” to “very often.” In accordance with the IGDS-SF9 participants were assigned to IUD-5plus if at least 5 of the 9 criteria were answered with “very often.” The study was conducted in Germany (N = 37,008; mean age: 32 years, SD = 13.18, 73.8% male).

Results

Although “loss of control,” “continued overuse” and “mood regulation” were the most endorsed criteria, the analysis indicated that the criterion “jeopardizing” was found as the best predictor for IUD-5plus, followed by “loss of interest” and “continued overuse.” Overall 64.9% of all participants who were in the IUD-5plus, could been identified by the fulfillment of the three criteria mentioned above.

Discussion

The results found support for adjustment of the DSM-5 criteria of IGD in accordance to ICD-11. If the predictive power of the three criteria can be replicated in future representative studies, such a decision tree can be used as guidance for diagnostics to capture the particularly relevant criteria.