bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CRIME IN FOREIGN ECONOMIC SPHERE IN THE POST-SOVIET STATES
Authors: Hrechyn Yevhen , Burba Vasyl
Published: February 2019

The purpose of the article is to reveal the content of organized crime in foreign economic sphere and the factors that determine the state and trends of its development. It is revealed the influence of corruption as a form of organized crime on foreign economic activity, which is illustrated by examples of illegal actions in this area. It is concluded that organized crime in foreign economic sphere essentially goes beyond the limits of the customs regime violations, evasion of customs duties and other payments and threatens the functioning of the whole sectors of post-Soviet countries’ economies. Methodology. The study is based on the economic and criminological approaches developed by J. Knorih (Knorich, 2004), as well as S. Zedeg and N. Gustavson (Susanna Thedeg, 2009; Susanna Thede, 2012). It should also be noted the studies conducted by experts from international organizations such as the World Bank (S. J. Hellman, 2000), Transparency International (Transparency and Corruption, 2016) and the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (Quantitative Evidence on Transparency in Regional Trade Agreements, 2013). The consideration of issues related to the criminalization of foreign economic relations is based on the methods described in the works of J. Cassar (Cassara, 2015), K. Nordstrom (Nordstrom, 2007), M. Naim (Naim, 2006) and P. Shadri (Chaudhry, 2007), as well as in the author's works on countering corruption and organized crime (Hrechyn, 2015). Result of the study reveals the essence of crime in the foreign economic sphere as a form of corruption that poses threat to the economic security in post-Soviet states. This will allow us to assess the scale of the problem and evaluate appropriate responses.
COMMON FEATURES AND DISTINCTIONS BETWEEN HIGH TECHNOLOGY AND INNOVATION
Authors: Serediuk Tetiana , Vdovychenko Yurii
Published: February 2019

The goods, which are positioned on modern global markets as innovative and high-tech products, occupy more and more segments, owing to the contemporary modifications of the innovation diffusion theory and the ways of its implementation on high-tech markets. However, the meaning of the term “high technology” and “innovations” is quite disputable. An identification of the ontological characteristics of these definitions is of particular interest and practical value in terms of the transformation of a scientific and methodological framework for control of innovation diffusion in conditions of invariance on the market of high-tech information technology. Therefore, the author’s article is aimed at the identification of the above-stated definitions and generalization of their distinctions. Methodology. The methodology of the article is based on the theoretical researches of Ukrainian and foreign scientists, which are synthesized, systematized, and analysed to identify the distinctive features of “high tech” and “innovations”. One of the critical methodological tool, represented in the research, is an application of frequency analysis using online service “Google Books Ngram Viewer”, which enabled us to compare frequency of references in scientific researches of the term “innovations” and “high technologies” as well as to compile analytical database of the research. Results. As a result of the author’s study, it has been established that the frequency of using the term “innovations” is continuously increasing and the definition itself has a huge variety of interpretations. This paper suggests generalizing the innovations as the implementation of the new idea, which produces widespread and long-term changes. As distinct from innovations, a term “high technology” means the narrower spectrum of radical changes. Although it has a few names, such as “high-technology”, “high tech”, “high-tech”, “hi-tech”, which, besides technology, can have other functionality. Practical implications. The presented results make it possible to develop more efficient communication channels for innovation diffusion, more precisely to identify innovators and mechanisms of their involvement in corporate activities, alternative forms of innovative activities in corporations. Value/originality. As a result of the study, it has been proved that technologies have common features with radical technical innovations, such as high science intensity, enhanced efficiency. Nevertheless, while being distributed on the market, innovation becomes a commodity and high technologies remain the same until the creation of state-of-the-art technologies. On this basis, it is possible more precisely to introduce innovations of IT companies according to information technology market segments.
MANAGEMENT (ADMINISTRATIVE) ACTIVITY OF THE CONTROLLING AUTHORITIES IN THE AREA OF TAXATION: ESSENCE AND TYPES
Authors: Tylchyk Olha , Riabchenko Yurii , Popivniak Oleksandr
Published: February 2019

The innovation of conceptual provisions of the administrative law doctrine that are based on the priority of rights, freedoms, legitimate interests of an individual, service orientation of the public administration authorities’ performance affects the essence of the controlling authorities’ management (administrative) activity in the area of taxation and requires its fundamental upgrade. Drafting of theoretical provisions as to the essence and the types of the controlling authorities’ management (administrative) activity in the area of taxation should be based on a profound theoretical and legal analysis of the existing concepts and doctrines and their comparison with the current developments in the public administration authorities’ performance that carry out similar activities. In addition, it’s reasonable to highlight the issues of legal regulation of the relations with respect to the controlling authorities’ management (administrative) activity carried out in the area of taxation. The research objective is to substantiate the theoretical background of the controlling authorities’ management (administrative) activity in the area of taxation set out in the form of a list of the substantive characteristics of such activity, the provisions that reflect its peculiarities, as well as the systematization of the lines and types of such activity. The object of the research is the social relations of a public-law nature, related to the activities of the controlling authorities in the area of taxation. The contemporary concepts and doctrines developed by the scientists through critical thinking constitute the theoretical basis of the scientific analysis. This article explores the scientific papers related to the issues of public administration, administrative law, and administrative activity. System-based approach constitutes the methodology of the scientific analysis which made it possible to single out the elements of the administrative activity system, to reveal their content and to take into account their specific features when determining the nature of the controlling authorities’ management (administrative) activity in the area of taxation. The result of this research is the theory that reveals the current essence of the specified activity and its lines. This article places emphasis on the existence of public and service component of the specified activity.
OFFSHORE TERRITORIES: POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE IMPACTS ON THE GLOBAL ECONOMY
Authors: Tytko Anna , Sukhan Iryna , Koshchynets Marianna
Published: February 2019

The aim of the article is to analyse and clarify the areas of development of offshore zones in the functioning of the world economic system. The subject of the study is offshore zones and offshore international centres as the locus of laundering of funds obtained by illegal means and their impact on the economy in total. Methodology. The study is based on the use of general scientific and special scientific methods in studying a coherent picture of development and possible trends in the further functioning of offshore zones in the global economic system. General scientific methods such as deduction, induction, analogy, analysis, synthesis enabled to reveal the implication of the world’s offshore zones as a system for laundering illegally obtained funds. The comparative method enabled to distinguish the specific features of offshore zones and offshore international centres and to identify common and distinctive features. The prognostic method allowed forming an original outlook on the advantages and disadvantages of offshore activities. Logical-semantic and dogmatic methods enabled to define the concepts of “offshore jurisdiction”, “offshore zone”, “offshore financial centre” and their specific features. The results of the study enabled to consider offshore zones, offshore financial centres and international financial centres, in terms of their specific features, as certain territories and areas of certain states, where under the exclusive conditions of doing business outside the territory of registration, non-resident entities are granted benefits and privileges in doing business, taxation, registration, and financial reporting, as well as an exclusive privilege of confidentiality. Practical implications. In the study, first, the concepts of “offshore zone”, “offshore financial centre”, “international offshore centre” are defined; second, the scientific approaches to their classification are analysed and compared in the specialized literature, the Fifth Directive is considered as the main legal regulation of money laundering and the BEPS Project; third, the author’s outlook on the positive and negative features of offshore activities and their impact on the world economy are substantiated. Relevance/originality. The author’s approach to the definition of the main features of offshore zones and offshore financial centres through the analysis of their qualitative characteristics is offered to determine the key areas of their development trends.
THE CLASSIFICATION OF SOURCES OF REPRODUCTION OF SHADOW RELATIONS IN THE SPHERE OF PRODUCTION AND REALIZATION OF HOUSING AND COMMUNAL SERVICES
Authors: Chekhovska Iryna , Nykytchenko Natalia , Bilous Tetiana
Published: February 2019

The purpose of this article is to analyse the sources of shadow relations in the sphere of production and realization of housing and communal services (technologies and causes of their occurrence, subjects’ complex, level of danger, etc.); the classification of these sources of shadow relations, the definition of priorities in the development of state measures on the localization of certain sources of shadow relations in the field of production and implementation of housing and communal services, depending on the trend of their development, the level of danger to society. Methodology. The methodological foundations of research the sources of shadow relations in the field of production and realization of housing and communal services are determined by a set of methods of scientific knowledge, which allow considering the studied topics as a multidimensional, interdisciplinary phenomenon. In the course of scientific research, the following methods were used: scientific abstraction and systemic were used to generalize the current state of the production and realization of housing and communal services, to define a system of administrative measures in order to distinguish its shadow aspects; systematic structural and formaldogmatic methods allowed exploring and classifying the sources of shadow relations; formal-legal was used to study the regulatory framework governing the relations in the field of study. The paper also uses methods of statistical, comparative analysis, dialectic, extrapolation, etc. Results. The classification of sources of shadow relations will allow monitoring of financial and economic capital and document circulation in the sphere of production and realization of housing and communal services in order to determine the whole spectrum of sources of shadow relations – from socially neutral, socially positive, socially-changing (disappearing) sources of the informal sector shadow economy, to socially-variable (newly created), socially negative and antisocial sources of the underground sector of the shadow economy. The isolation of the most dangerous sources of shadow relations, producing a significant illegal potential in the field of production and implementation of housing and communal services will enable the development of a causal rather than a consequential problem and a way to combat the most dangerous acts that are reproducing-progressing sources of the shadow economy in this area of research.
FOREIGN EXPERIENCE FOR FINANCING SMALL AND MEDIUM BUSINESS
Authors: Halunko Valentyn , Halunko Vira , Savyuk Мaryna
Published: February 2019

The aim of the article is to study the peculiarities of the financial and credit mechanism of supporting small and medium enterprises in foreign countries with the purpose of identification of key areas for the development of financial and credit support for small and medium enterprises in Ukraine. The subject of the study is the foreign experience of financing small and medium-sized businesses. Methodology. The research is based on a comparison of financial and credit support of small and medium business in Ukraine and in foreign countries. The advantages and disadvantages of different support systems for small and medium-sized enterprises are determined on the basis of an analysis of the specifics of financing small and medium-sized businesses in Germany, the USA, the UK, Italy, Japan, and some other countries. The possibilities and limits of the application of positive foreign experience in this area are determined on the basis of a comparative legal study of certain provisions of Ukrainian legislation. The results of the study showed that the peculiarities of the financial and credit mechanism for supporting small and mediumsized businesses in foreign countries, which were studied, are as follows: the predominance of indirect support methods, provision of state financial help only on a competitive, turnaround, and paid basis; effectively functioning system of state guarantee of loans, which were provided to small businesses by commercial banks (guarantee from 60 to 90% of the loan); creation of a network of special banks, which serve small businesses at different levels; strong financial stimulation for small businesses in their innovation activity; stimulating taxation system and special depreciation procedure; creation of conditions for equal access for all entrepreneurs to information and consulting services (especially on taxation, lending, and insurance issues). Practical implications. The positive experience of financing small and medium business shows that the foreign practice of functioning of the financial and credit mechanism for supporting small business is not based on the fact that, on preferential terms, small enterprises can receive all the necessary financial and credit resources for their development and support small business at all costs. But this practice is aimed to create a favourable economic and legal climate that allows small businesses not only to survive but also to successfully develop. Correlation/originality. A comparative analysis of small and medium business financing systems is the basis for developing the most promising directions for the development of domestic legislation in this field.
EVALUATION OF THE CONDITIONS OF EFFECTIVE LOGISTIC STRATEGY IMPLEMENTATION OF AN ENTERPRISE ON THE BASIS OF FUNCTIONAL AND COST ANALYSIS
Authors: Shvets Vasyl , Baranets Hanna , Tryfonova Olena
Published: February 2019

In the context of the current dynamic environment, the complexity of socio-economic objects stipulates the increased requirements for their analysis. The field of strategic logistic management is not an exception. The logistic potential is considered as a control object. Formation elements of the potential determine the conditions for the successful implementation of the selected logistic strategy of an enterprise. The potential of managerial logistic personnel, technological personnel, logistic infrastructure, product and technological innovations in logistics, marketing research, organizational and transfer potential are considered as logistic potential elements. Problems concerning substantiation of logistic strategy selection, determination of the internal conditions to provide its efficient implementation, as well as quantitative measurement of the conditions, are still unstudied. The purpose of the paper is to carry out functional and cost analysis (FCA) of logistic potential elements of an enterprise to estimate the correspondence of the internal conditions to the selected logistic strategy. Methodology. FCA as a method of research is used. The sequence of the FCA implementation and characteristic of its main stages are considered in the paper. Special attention is paid to expert assessments of the significance of logistic potential elements which are regarded as internal conditions for the strategic changes realization in the area of enterprise logistics. To do that, the paper applies techniques of priority ranking and pairwise comparisons. The consistency of the obtained results is proved statistically. Statistic factor of the relative range has been applied to characterize the dispersion of individual significances obtained for each logistic potential element. Results. The paper has developed a sequence of the FCA implementation with the characterization of its basic stages. There has been described preparatory, information, analytical, research, and recommendation stages. The proposed sequence matches a traditional concept of the FCA stages. However, their contents vary depending upon object specifics, identification of objectives and tasks of carrying out analysis. Value/originality. The results of the study in the form of the expert evaluation of the significance of the logistic potential elements give an opportunity to plan the costs connected with the introduction of strategic changes in the field of an enterprise logistics.
IMPROVING THE MECHANISM OF COLLECTING CERTAIN TAXES IN UKRAINE AS MEASURES FOR THE EUROPEAN MODERNIZATION: LEGAL ASPECT
Authors: Holovko Oleksandr , Kaganovska Tetyana , Rossіhіna Galina
Published: February 2019

The aim of the article is to study the methodological and theoretical principles of improving the legal regulation of the taxation system in Ukraine in the European integration context. Determination of the doctrinal basis for the implementation of the tax function of the state and its legal consolidation from the standpoint of the fundamental principles of the law allows carrying out a comparative legal analysis of taxation in the developed countries of Europe and the world (particularly indirect one). Methodology. The research is based on the theoretical and legal substantiation of the social content of tax activities in the state, and it is also based on the understanding of the dialectical relationship between tax processes and the functioning of social and legal systems in general. A systematic analysis of the tax activity of the state in the context of humanism, justice, freedom, equality, rule of law is carried out. On this basis, the legal nature of the regulation of the value-added tax is revealed. Results. The basic theoretical and legal bases of measures on improvement of the taxation system are determined as a result of the study from the position of its legitimation among citizens and stimulation of their purchasing power and development of productive forces of the Ukrainian economy. Practical impact. The definition of directions for perfection and humanization of tax legislation in Ukraine allows making a conclusion about the volume of the tax burden on the consumer and proposing optimal rates of value-added tax rates.
TRANSFORMATIONAL DIMENSIONS OF SCIENCE UNDER GLOBALIZATION CHALLENGES
Authors: Hubanov Oleh , Mosondz Serhii , Melnychuk Oleh
Published: February 2019

The precise and correct understanding of the transformational changes in the field of science, which are constantly kept under public review, is vitally important for civilizational development of the Ukrainian State. Problem statement. Although some specific and significant aspects of science are highlighted and respective innovations are suggested, very often there is a lack of methodological reasoning and non-systemic of recommendations. The abovementioned stipulates the need to formulate a complete and perfect vision of the science transformation at the present stage of the Ukrainian society’s development. The purpose of this paper is to formulate the author’s conception of the necessity of science transformation in Ukraine by analysing global challenges and critical study of modern scientists’ works. The achievement of the formulated aim is carried out by the means of the complex and consistent application of the corresponding scientific tool presented by such methods of scientific knowledge as: logical-semantic, systematic, structural-logical, methods of grouping, deduction, induction, analysis and synthesis etc. Results. In the article, the author establishes and explains the reasons for the transformational changes in the field of science, which are reduced to the following: global character of human development; an advanced approach to the interaction of theory and practice in the context of the implementation of scientific activities; development of modern information technologies; insufficient support by the state and society of science and scholars; absence of an integrated approach, focused on the fundamental integrity and complexity of the system “science – education – production”; aggravation of social and economic problems; integration of the innovative type of civilization. To sum up, the author concludes that civilizational society has dramatically influenced the development of science, significantly accelerating the processes of its development. Modern science, as well as scientists’ activity, is impossible without the use of the latest technologies. This activity, in turn, promotes the development of newer technologies. The speed of these processes is constantly increasing and the transformation of science in one sphere instantly causes transformation in another. Such changes lead to the emergence of an incredibly large number of scientific knowledge that needs to be perceived and embodied in practice.
CRYPTOCURRENCY IN THE SYSTEM OF MONEY LAUNDERING
Authors: Dyntu Valeriia , Dykyi Oleh
Published: February 2019

The target of the article is to study the place of the cryptocurrency in the process of money laundering. The subject of the article is to investigate the ways and means of usage cryptocurrency for money laundering, the possibilities, and limits. Problem’s setting. The authors of the paper have emphasized that despite the broad usage of cryptocurrency all over the world for different kinds of purchasing and transactions, there is no unified position regarding the definition of cryptocurrency, as well as its legal status. Moreover, the aforementioned circumstances trigger the difficulties during the criminal investigation of money laundering by using cryptocurrency. Thus, law informant agencies are facing challenges with the identification of criminals’ personality and the fact of crime commitment. In addition, in the article, the authors articulate the main concept of cryptocurrency: anonymity and decentralization, which engender the main aggro while crime investigation. Methodology. The research is based on an analysis of historical stages of cryptocurrency creation: from Friedrich August von Hayek’s idea of “currency independent from banking and governmental” to the establishment of decentralized currency. Moreover, there were analysed the cases of money laundering where criminals who used cryptocurrency have been identified and press charged. In addition, the comparative methods were used to collate different positions regarding cryptocurrency all over the world and inside Ukraine. The position of the main authorities and organizations regarding the legal status of cryptocurrency was investigated as well. The results of the study revealed that a cryptocurrency is a convenient tool for money laundering because it gives relative anonymity for the owner of the currency, as far as it does not require any personal information about the user and his location. Aforementioned feature minimizes the opportunity for law enforcement agencies to track back the criminal activity and to identify the criminal personality. Furthermore, cryptocurrency transactions are out of the government control because for conducting any transactions by using cryptocurrency, there is no need for their verification by third parties like a bank, governmental authority or nongovernmental organizations. In addition, the user can have more than one account and conduct transactions from different places at the same time.
SPECIFICITY OF REMUNERATION FOR PUBLIC SERVANTS
Authors: Drozd Oleksii , Kostiuk Viktor , Ilkov Vasyl
Published: February 2019

The aim of the article is to determine the specificities of the remuneration for public servants in Ukraine. The subject of the study is the remuneration for public servants in Ukraine. Methodology. The study is based on the use of general scientific and special-scientific methods and techniques of scientific knowledge. The dialectical method enabled to interrogate the development of the institution of remuneration for public servants in Ukraine. The comparative legal method enabled to compare doctrinal approaches to this issue. The system-structural method enabled to determine the elements of the remuneration for public servants. Methods of analysis and synthesis helped study separate parts of this institute to formulate further conclusions about its most optimal functioning. The logic-semantic method was used to determine the content of the concept of “remuneration for public servants”. The normative-dogmatic method enabled to analyse the content of legal regulations of the domestic legislation on the issue. Practical implications. The determination of the specificities of the remuneration for public servants in Ukraine enabled to make recommendations for improving the remuneration system of this category of workers, as well as identify problematic issues that require further consideration and research. Relevance/originality. The author’s definition of the concept of “remuneration for public servants” is proposed and the specific features of this institute, insufficiently studied before, are analysed. The article analyses the specificities of the remuneration for public servants. Their list is determined and the content of each of them is disclosed. The specificities of the remuneration for public servants are substantiated in comparison with other categories of employees.
PROBLEMS OF BANKING LEGAL RELATIONSHIPS
Authors: Ivanov Stanislav , Hromenko Yuliia , Rodina Valeriia
Published: February 2019

In modern conditions of management, the aspects of ensuring the stability of banks and the development of the banking system of Ukraine are of particular importance. During 2014-2017 in our country, 88 banks were recognized as insolvent, almost all of them – commercial. This tendency is disappointing. Most scholars assert that the turnaround of the banking system is possible only through the improvement of deposit, credit, and settlement operations. This statement is undoubtedly true, but these scholars forget about the importance of regulating the legal relationships that arise in the banking sector and establishing the interaction between the entities of such legal relationships. The purpose of the research is to determine the essence of banking legal relationships in Ukraine based on the existing scientific approaches, the current legislation of Ukraine and the practice of its implementation, as well as the specific and problematic aspects of harmonizing the interests of the entities of the relevant legal relations. For this purpose, the essence and structure of banking legal relationships are considered. It is determined that the main structural elements of these legal relationships are: 1) objects, 2) the content of banking legal relationships, 3) the basis of banking legal relationships – legal norms and legal facts, 4) entities (participants) – the direct participants in banking relationships, the bearers of mutual rights and obligations. The conclusions of the article state that Ukrainian banking legislation requires a serious revision concerning the coordination of the interests of the entities of banking legal relationships. The key task is to eliminate unnecessary and outdated normative and legal acts that could cause legal confusion or impose excessive burdens on entities of banking legal relationships. In developing the modern regulatory framework for the interaction of entities of banking relationships, a new rapid spread of cyber-risks, compliance risks and financial crime risks, which significantly affects the state of the banking system and is not reflected in the current banking legislation of Ukraine, should be taken into consideration. Banks as the main entities of banking relationships should assume risks and financial responsibility. It will contribute to the stabilization of the banking system of Ukraine and the economic development of the national economy.
ANALISIS FAKTOR RISIKO KEJADIAN DIABETES MELITUS GESTASIONAL DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS KECAMATAN SOMBA OPU KABUPATEN GOWA TAHUN 2016
Authors: Fitriani Rini
Published: February 2019

Pendahuluan. Angka Kematian Ibu (AKI) yang tinggi masih menjadi masalah di Indonesia. Diabetes Mellitus Gestasional (DMG) merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan yang bisa berdampak langsung pada keehatan ibu dan janin. Prevalensi DMG terjadi pada 7% kehamilan di dunia setiap tahunnya, dan di Indonesia terjadi sebesar 1,9%-3,6%. Tujuan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor resiko kejadian DMG di wilayah kerja Kecamatan Somba Opu Kabupaten Gowa tahun 2016. Metode. Jenis penelitian adalah observasional analitik dengan desain Case Control Study. Jumlah sampel adalah 96 orang, yang terdiri dari 32 ibu hamil dengan DMG (kasus) dan 64 ibu hamil tidak menderita DMG, cara pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode consecutive sampling. Hasil. Hasil uji bivariat diperoleh resiko kejadian DMG berdasarkan umur (p=0,527 dan OR=1,508), riwayat keluarga (p=0,000 dan OR= 6,926), riwayat makrosomia (p=0,006 dan OR= 6,680), riwayat persalinan (p=0,128 dan OR=2,270), dan riwayat obesitas (p=0,009 dan OR=3,462). Uji multivariat  diperoleh variabel yang paling beresiko adalah riwayat keluarga dengan nilai p=0,008 dan OR=4,536. Kesimpulan. Riwayat DM dan riwayat makrosomia menjadi faktor resiko kejadian DMG, dan riwayat DM dalam keluarga merupakan faktor yang paling beresiko (OR = 4,536 dan p=0,008)
UJI DAYA HAMBAT EKSTRAK BIJI PINANG (Arecha catechu L.) TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN Streptococcus mutans SECARA IN VITRO
Authors: Taihuttu Yuniasih MJ
Published: February 2019

Pendahuluan Telah diuji daya hambat ekstrak biji pinang (Areca catechu L.) terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) secara in vitro. Tujuan: mengetahui kemampuan daya hambat ekstrak biji pinang terhadap pertumbuhan S. mutans Metode: Biji pinang diekstraksi dengan menggunakan pelarut etanol dan air. Pengaruh berupa zona penghambatan pertumbuhan bakteri akan tampak melalui difusi lempeng agar. Hasil: Ekstrak biji pinang efektif menghambat pertumbuhan S. mutans. Ekstrak etanol terbukti lebih efektif dalam menghambat S. mutans dibandingkan dengan ekstrak air. Konsentrasi hambat minimun (KHM) untuk ekstrak etanol biji pinang diperoleh pada konsentrasi 0,005% (w/v) dengan rerata zona hambat sebesar 0,67 mm. Sedangkan 0,75% merupakan konsentrasi terkecil dalam menghambat S. mutans pada ekstrak air biji pinang dengan rerata diameter sebesar 3,23 mm. Uji kromatografi lapis tipis (KLT) pada ekstrak etanol biji pinang telah menemukan 4 fraksi senyawa dengan nilai Rf 0,122; 0,300; 0,472 dan 0,0705. Spesifikasi senyawa tersebut tidak diidentifikasi dalam penelitian ini. Kesimpulan:  Ekstrak biji pinang terbukti efektif menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri S. mutans.
HUBUNGAN USIA, OBESITAS DAN RIWAYAT PENYAKIT DIABETES MELLITUS DENGAN KEJADIAN BENIGN PROSTATE HYPERPLASIA (BPH) DERAJAT IV DI RSUD DR. M. HAULUSSY AMBON PERIODE 2012-2014
Authors: Ruspanah Andrew
Published: February 2019

Pendahuluan. Benign Postate Hiperplasia (BPH) adalah penyakit yang umumnya terjadi pada pria lansia yang disebabkan oleh penuaan. Hiperplasia prostat adalah pertumbuhan jaringan nodul fibroadenomatosa pada prostat. Pembesaran prostat jinak merupakan penyakit yang tersering kedua setelah batu saluran kemih didapatkan secara klinis di Indonesia. Tujuan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara usia, obesitas dan riwayat diabetes mellitus dengan kejadian Benign Prostate Hyperplasia (BPH) grade IV di Rumah Sakit Dr. M. Haulussy Ambon periode 2012-2014. Metode. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian analitik desain Cross-Sectional, dengan menggunakan catatan medis data di ruang operasi di Rumah Sakit Dr. M. Haulussy Ambon Tahun 2012-2014 dan memperoleh jumlah sampel yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi sebanyak 239, yang diambil dengan teknik total sampling. Analisis dilakukan dengan analisis univariat dan bivariat menggunakan uji Chi Square. Hasil yang di temukan dalam penelitian ini bahwa kejadian BPH lebih besar pada mereka yang berusia> 65 tahun dan 56-65 tahun dibandingkan dengan usia 46-55 dan <46 tahun dengan hasil tes menunjukkan adanya hubungan antara usia dengan BPH dengan nilai (p= 0,000), ada hubungan antara obesitas dengan nilai BPH (p=0,019) dan riwayat diabetes mellitus setelah menggunakan uji Chi-Square, hubungan antara riwayat diabetes mellitus dengan BPH dengan nilai (p = 0,000). Kesimpulan. Ada hubungan antara umur, obesitas dan riwayat diabetes mellitus dengan kejadian BPH.
NEURALGIA PASCA HERPETIK
Authors: Bandjar Fitri Kadarsih
Published: February 2019

Neuralgia Pasca Herpetik (NPH) merupakan komplikasi yang paling sering muncul dari Herpes Zoster. NPH dapat didiagnosa dimana nyeri yang persisten pada dermatom setelah timbulnya erupsi vesikel pada kulit. NPH bermanifestasi dengan gejala nyeri yang berbeda-beda, dapat berupa nyeri yang konstan, intermiten, atau nyeri yang terstimulasi. Insidennya meningkat sesuai dengan peningkatan usia. Penatalaksanaannya adalah dengan pemberian analgesik kombinasi untuk pengobatan simptomatik nyeri. Dilaporkan satu kasus neuralgia pasca herpetik  pada seorang laki - laki berusia 51 tahun, yang mendapat terapi oral amitriptilin, asam mefenamat dan vitamin B kompleks dan memberikan perbaikan terhadap nyeri
HUBUNGAN POLA KONSUMSI GLUTEN DAN KASEIN DENGAN PERILAKU HIPERAKTIF ANAK AUTIS DI KOTA AMBON TAHUN 2016
Authors: Waas Glodia , Lawalata Ivy Violan
Published: February 2019

Pendahuluan. Sekitar 60% anak autis mempunyai sistem pencernaan yang kurang baik, sehingga beberapa jenis makanan seperti gluten dan kasein tidak dapat dicerna dengan sempurna. Pada anak autis terjadi kebocoran dinding usus sehingga makanan diserap kembali oleh tubuh anak autis, diteruskan ke otak dan diubah menjadi morfin yang dapat merusak sel-sel otak dan menyebabkan fungsi otak terganggu sehingga meningkatkan hiperaktifitas pada anak autis. Tujuan. Mengetahui hubungan pola konsumsi gluten dan kasein dengan perilaku anak autis di Kota Ambon Tahun 2016. Metode. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah cross-sectional study analitik. Teknik pengambilan sampel adalah total sampling dengan jumlah sampel 32 anak. Data yang dikumpulan, meliputi data karakteristik anak autis, pola makan dan pengamatan perilaku dengan instrumen Tabel pengamatan Perilaku dan FFQ (Food Frequency Quistionaire). Analisis bivariat dilakukan dengan uji statistik chisquare. Hasil. Jumlah anak autis ditemukan lebih banyak pada laki-laki (87,5%) dibandingkan perempuan. Status gizi pada anak autis lebih banyak dengan kategori normal (84,4%) dan terdapat anak autis dengan gizi lebih (6,2%) serta gizi kurang (9,4%). Anak autis dengan perilaku hiperaktif lebih dominan (81,25%) dibanding yang berperilaku defisit. Pola konsumsi gluten anak autis masih cukup tinggi (62,5) dibanding dengan Pola konsumsi gluten (56,2%). Hasil uji bivariat menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara pola konsumsi gluten dengan perilaku hiperaktif anak autis (p=0.001 < a=0,05). Hasil uji bivariat menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat hubungan antara pola konsumsi kasein dengan perilaku hiperaktif anak autis (p=0,064 > a=0,05). Kesimpulan. Terdapat hubungan antara pola konsumsi gluten dengan perilaku hiperaktif anak autis

Kata Kunci: Autis, Hiperaktif, Gluten, Kasein
PERUBAHAN KADAR GLUKOSA DARAH PADA MENCIT PASCA STRES IMOBILISASI KRONIK
Authors: Hataul Is Asma’ul Haq
Published: February 2019

penyakit sindrom metabolik. Kondisi stres menyebabkan diaktifkannya banyak hormon stres yang menyebabkan kenaikan atau penurunan kadar glukosa darah. Tujuan. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan tujuan untuk mencari perubahan level glukosa darah pada mencit yang diinduksi stres restrain 6 jam/hari selama 21 hari. Metode. Penelitian true experimental dengan pendekatan post test only control group design dengan 12 ekor mencit jantan dewasa berat badan 20-30 g. Dibagi menjadi 3 kelompok yaitu grup nonstres (NS), stres dengan pemberian aquades (SA) dan stres yang diberi fluoksetin 20 mg/kg (SF) p.o. Stres imobilisasi diterapkan selama 6 jam/hari selama 21 hari. Pengukuran kadar glukosa darah dilakukan terhadap semua kelompok dengan terlebih dahulu dipuasakan selama 24 jam. Uji statistik ANOVA one way digunakan untuk menganalisis perbedaan antar kelompok (p< 0,05). Hasil. Rerata kadar glukosa darah pada tiap grup adalah 116,75±24,76 mg/dL (NS),  91,00±18,24  mg/dL (SA), dan 138,75±33,78 mg/dL (SF). Uji statistik memperlihatkan bahwa tidak ada perbedaan signifikan antar kelompok (p>0,05). Kesimpulan. Tidak ada perbedaan bermakna pada kadar gula darah mencit setelah diinduksi stres restrain kronis 6 jam/hari selama 21 hari.

Kata Kunci : kadar gula darah, stres imobilisasi, stres restrain kronik
KARAKTERISTIK ANSIETAS PADA PASIEN EPILEPSI DI AMBON
Authors: Ruspanah Ivanmorl
Published: February 2019

Latar Belakang. Epilepsi merupakan suatu manifestasi gangguan otak dengan berbagai macam penyebab, terjadi pada semua umur, ras, dan kelas sosial serta memiliki gangguan penyerta lainnya seperti gangguan ansietas. Tujuan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui karakteristik ansietas pada pasien epilepsi di Ambon. Metode. Jenis penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Subyek penelitian adalah pasien epilepsi primer yang berobat ke Poliklinik Saraf RSUD dr. M. Haulussy Ambon, RSKD Provinsi Maluku dan di dua Klinik Dokter Spesialis Saraf di Ambon selama periode Juli sampai Oktober 2013. Data didapat melalui wawancara terpimpin dengan panduan kuisioner. Hasil. Dari 42 responden yang diteliti, ditemukan 9 responden (21,4%) yang mengalami ansietas dengan derajat ansietas yang banyak ditemukan adalah ansietas derajat ringan (11,8%). Ansietas terbanyak pada epilepsi tipe parsial yaitu 7 responden (16,6%) dan terbanyak pada usia 17 – 25 tahun yaitu 5 responden (11,8%); ansietas juga terbanyak pada perempuan yaitu 6 responden (14,2%); berdasarkan tingkat pendidikan, ansietas terbanyak pada lulusan SMA (14,2%); ansietas sebesar 16,6% pada kelompok yang tidak bekerja. Kesimpulan. Pada penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa pasien epilepsi yang berisiko mengalami ansietas yaitu penderita epilepsi tipe parsial dengan jenis kelamin perempuan, berusia remaja dan lulusan tingkat menengah serta tidak memiliki pekerjaan. Oleh sebab itu selain diberi terapi farmakologi, perlu dilakukan pencegahan berupa edukasi baik terhadap pasien epilepsi maupun keluarga dan masyarakat sekitar sehingga dapat terhindar dari ansietas.

Kata kunci : epilepsi, ansietas.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA FAKTOR USIA, JENIS KELAMIN, DAN OBESITAS DENGAN KEJADIAN KANKER KOLOREKTAL DI RSUD DR M. HAULUSSY AMBON PERIODE 2013-2015
Authors: Nikijuluw Helfi , Akyuwen Gracelia , Taihuttu Yuniasih
Published: February 2019

Kanker kolorektal merupakan penyakit keganasan yang berasal dari kolon dan rektum. Kanker kolorektal merupakan jenis kanker yang menempati urutan ketiga terbanyak penyebab kematian setelah kanker payudara dan kanker paru. Terdapat berbagai faktor yang dapat berpengaruh terhadap kejadian kanker kolorektal diantaranya adalah usia, jenis kelamin dan obesitas. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara faktor usia, jenis kelamin dan obesitas dengan kejadian kanker kolorektal di RSUD Dr. M. Haulussy Ambon periode 2013-2015. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan pendekatan cross sectional, menggunakan data sekunder berupa data rekam medis pada ruang bedah laki laki dan wanita di RSUD Dr. M. Haulussy Ambon Tahun 2013-2015 dan memperoleh jumlah sampel yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi sebanyak 79 orang, yang diambil dengan teknik total sampling. Analisis yang dilakukan dengan analisis univariat dan bivariat dengan menggunakan uji Chi-Square. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara usia dan kejadian kanker kolorektal (p=0,97), terdapat hubungan antara jenis kelamin laki laki (PR = 1.73; CI = 1.06-2.80; p= 0,031) dan obesitas (PR=2.26; CI=1.47-3.47; p= 0,002) dengan kejadian kanker kolorektal. Sehingga didapatkan tidak terdapat hubungan antara usia dengan kejadian kanker kolorektal dan terdapat hubungan jenis kelamin dan obesitas dengan kejadian kanker kolorektal.

Kata kunci: jenis kelamin, kanker kolorektal, obesitas, usia.
EFEKTIFITAS PENGGUNAAN TERAPI TRANSCUTANEUS ELECTRICAL NERVE STIMULATION (TENS) PADA PASIEN NYERI PUNGGUNG BAWAH DI RSUD dr. M HAULUSSY AMBON
Authors: Sallatalohy Ninik Maathia , Paliyama Mauren J , Noya Farah Ch
Published: February 2019

Pendahuluan. Nyeri Punggung Bawah (NPB) merupakan suatu permasalahan yang paling sering ditemukan di masyarakat. Etiologinya tergolong kompleks dan dapat disebabkan oleh berbagai hal. Salah satu pilihan penatalaksanaan NPB adalah dengan terapi TENS. Tujuan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui efektifitas terapi TENS pada pasien NPB di RSUD dr. M Haulussy Ambon. Metode. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah pretest–posttest design, dengan mengukur skala Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) sebelum dan setelah 5 kali terapi TENS. Jumlah subjek yang memenuhi kriteria sebanyak 71 dengan perbandingan laki-laki dan perempuan adalah 1:2. Hasil. Hasil uji Marginal Homogenity memperlihatkan perbedaan signifikansi sebelum dan setelah 5 kali terapi TENS (p = 0,000). Kesimpulan. TENS efektif dalam meredakan nyeri pada pasien NPB.

Kata Kunci: Nyeri Punggung Bawah, TENS
BUAH PALA SEBAGAI SALAH SATU FITOFARMAKA YANG MENJANJIKAN DI MASA DEPAN
Authors: Kamelia Luh Putu Lina , Silalahi Parnigotan Yosi
Published: February 2019

Sebagai salah satu tanaman asli Indonesia Timur yang memiliki nilai ekonomi yang cukup tinggi, sejak dahulu buah pala telah dikenal memiliki banyak manfaat dalam bidang kuliner, kosmetik, dan juga farmasi. Namun demikian masih jarang penelitian di Indonesia mengenai manfaat buah ini dalam bidang kedokteran. Olahan buah pala dalam bidang farmasi meliputi fixed oil, minyak atsiri, dan bahan lain memiliki  kandungan anti oksidan kuat yang sangat bermanfaat terutama dalam bidang neuropsikiatri dan bidang medis lainnya.

 

Kata kunci : buah pala, minyak atsiri, anti oksidan.
EFEKTIVITAS ANTIMALARIA REBUSAN TANAMAN LAMBURUNG MEIT (Clerondrum inerme Linn) PADA PENDERITA MALARIA DI DAERAH PELAYANAN PUSKESMAS KAIRATU BARAT, KABUPATEN SERAM BARAT, MALUKU
Authors: Nindatu Maria , Noya Farah Ch. , Taihuttu Yuniasih MJ
Published: February 2019

Pendahuluan. Telah dilakukan penelitian penggunaan tanaman Clerodendrum inerme (Linn) dengan nama lokal lamburung meit yang digunakan Penyehat Tradisional (HATRA) sebagai antimalaria. Tujuan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi toksisitas ekstrak lamburung meit (Clerodendrum inerme) sebagai antimalarial. Metode. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu analitik observasional dengan desain observasi klinik. Sampel penelitian sebanyak 30 orang sesuai kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Pemeriksaan sediaan darah tebal dilakukan sebanyak 6 kali pada hari ke-0, 3, 7, 14, 21 dan 28 untuk mengevaluasi kepadatan plasmodium,  pemeriksaan kadar SGOT, SGPT, ureum dan kreatinin sebelum dan sesudah pemberian bahan uji. Hasil. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa air rebusan lamburung meit (Clerodendrum inerme Linn) dapat menurunkan kepadatan parasit malaria pada penderita mulai hari ke-3. Kadar SGOT, SGPT, ureum dan kreatinin tidak berubah sesudah pemberian bahan uji. Kesimpulan. Air rebusan tanaman lamburung meit memiliki aktivitas antimalaria potensial dan tidak menimbulkan efek toksik pada hati dan ginjal, sehingga dapat dikembangkan sebagai tanaman antimalaria yang aman bagi masyarakat.
HUBUNGAN KONTROL DIRI (SELF-CONTROL) DENGAN PERILAKU SEKSUAL REMAJA DI KELAS XII SMA ( DI AMBON )
Authors: Siahaya Vanestya Betralisye , E.K Ratriana Yuliastuti
Published: February 2019

Di era modern sekarang ini banyak sekali anak-anak remaja yang melakukan perilaku seksual yang membuat sebagian remaja tidak dapat mengontrol dirinya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi hubungan kontrol diri (self-control) dengan perilaku seksual remaja di kelas 3 SMA. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah  menguji seleksi aitem dan reliabilitas alat ukur orelasi dan uji beda. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah skala untuk mengukur kontrol diri (self-control) dan skala yang dikembangkan oleh Soetjiningsih (2008) kemudian dimodifikasi oleh peneliti, untuk mengukur perilaku seksual. Hasil penelitian mengenai hubungan antara kontrol diri (self-control) (X) dengan perilaku seksual remaja (Y) pada SMA di Ambon, didapatkan hasil bahwa adanya hubungan  sebesar r=-0,291, dengan besar signifikansi p= 0,040 (p<0,05).  Pada hasil tersebut ada siswa yang melakukan perilaku seksual dan ada juga siswa yang bisa kontrol diri untuk tidak melakukan perilaku seksual.

Kata Kunci : Kontrol diri (self-control), perilaku seksual, remaja yang melakukan perilaku seksual.
ICP MONITOR PLACEMENT STEPWISE EARLY DECOMPRESSIVE CRANIECTOMY FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF SEVERE TBI PATIENTS: A CASE REPORT
Authors: Aprianto Dirga Rachmad , Kurniawan Achmad , Permana Andhika Tomy , Rusdi Fadillah Putri , Wido Akbar , Sulistyono Bagus , Maliawan Made Gemma Daniswara , Apriawan Tedy , Bajamal Abdul Hafid
Published: February 2019

Introduction. Increased intracranial pressure (ICP) is a secondary event that mostly occurs following traumatic brain injury (TBI) and it correlates with poor outcome of the patients. Several studies have suggested that early decompressive craniectomy (DC; within 48 hours after injury) is recommended for severe TBI patients requiring removal of intracranial hemorrhage and early DC was able to reduce the complications of TBI caused by increased ICP. However, even early DC has been performed, increased ICP may still progress due to massive brain edema. Methods. We herein report a case report of patient admitted with severe TBI and intracranial hemorrhage. The patients were underwent DC and ICP monitor placement after the removal of the intracranial hemorrhage. During postoperative observation in ICU, the CSF of the patients was gradually drained if the ICP was over 15mmHg. Results. The ICP right after performed early DC was 30 cmH2O (22 mmHg). One day after surgery, the hemodynamic of the patient was stable and the GCS was 2X5 with the ICP of the patient was about 18 cmH2O. On day 2-5, patient was hemodynamically stable with improved GCS (3X5) and decreased of ICP (around 13-15 cmH2O). On day 6, the ICP monitor was removed and the patient discharged on day 19 after fully recovered. Conclusion. The placement of ICP monitor and the application of gradual release of CSF after DC might be helpful to reduce increased ICP in severe TBI patients, and thus reducing the morbidity and mortality.

 

Keywords: Traumatic brain injury, intracranial pressure monitor, decompressive craniectomy