bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effect of motivational interview based on WhatsApp on the psychological domains of quality of life in infertile women with pcos: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Ansari F. , Hamzehgardeshi Z. , Elyasi F. , Moosazadeh M. , Ahmadi I.
Published: February 2022

Introduction

Polycystic ovary syndrome(Pcos) disease significantly decreased quality of life for women. Mental health is one of the components affecting the quality of life of these patients that attention to it is necessary to improve their quality of life.

Objectives

The present study was conducted to determine The effect of Motivational Interview Based on WhatsApp on the Psychological Domains of Quality of Life in Infertile Women with PCOS.

Methods

This randomized controlled clinical trial enrolled 60 Infertile Women with PCOS from the city of Sari-Iran in 2020. Participants were assigned to MI and control groups using block randomization. The intervention group received 5 weekly of MI online via WhatsApp. While the control group received only routine care. The psychological Domains score of quality of life in these individuals was measured using the quality of life questionnaire of polycystic ovary syndrome(MPCOSQ) before and after the intervention. Then, the data were entered into the SPSS software, version 25 and were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square test, t-test, and repeated measures analysis of variance.

Results

No significant difference was observed between the two groups before the intervention mean The Psychological Domains scores (p>0.05). After the intervention, mean (SD) of The Psychological Domains score was 34.8 (11.8) in the intervention group and 30.7 (11.6) in the control.No significant Increasing in the mean between the two groups. The effect size(0.35) was calculated.

Conclusions

The results of the study showed that motivational interviewing is effective in improving the quality of life of women with pcos.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Spiritually-oriented therapy for endogenous mental patients with comorbid addictive disorders
Authors: Mitikhin V. , Magay A.
Published: February 2022

Introduction

Spirituality and religious commitment have a “protector” function among mental health patients who abuse psychoactive substances. The main task of spiritually-oriented therapy is not only to reactivate the internal control of a person, but to actualize their experience of communication with God before everything else.

Objectives

Studying the influence of spiritual life-related factors on efficiency of therapy of psychiatric co-morbidities.

Methods

Clinical and psychopathological, clinical follow-up, pathopsychological and statistic.

Results

The research covered 26 patients (the main group) diagnosed with paroxysmal schizophrenia and schizo-affective psychosis in the prospective follow-up with alcohol addiction. All patients practiced Orthodox worldviews though to a different extent, and have been participating in the spiritually-oriented rehabilitation with a family-oriented module for two years. During psychosocial rehabilitation the patients took group and individual training with a multidisciplinary team of experts: psychiatrists, clinical psychologists, specialists in sociotherapy and members of the clergy. The rehabilitation employed the principles of therapeutic community, systematic family approach [Zoricic Z., 2019], notions of coping behavior or coping strategies [Verhagen P., 2019, Pargament, K.I. et al, 2014] as well as spiritually-oriented models of assistance to patients (for example, the religion-oriented strategy of forgiveness based on REACH model [Worthington E. L. et al, 2016]).

Conclusions

Development of a lengthy remission is dependent on changing lifestyle and patterns, and spiritual labor of penance and forgiveness is just as important.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Schizophrenia: Tendency and distribution of incidence study
Authors: Martín C. Vilella , Vázquez P. García , Rodríguez I. Gonzalez , Sevillano S. Nuñez , García A. Serrano
Published: February 2022

Introduction

The prevalence of schizophrenia is close to 1 percent internationally. According to the 2019 census, the population in the province of León, our study population, is 460,001 inhabitants.

Objectives

To study the distribution of schizofrenia in the area covered by the Complejo Asistencial Universitario de León, Spain.

Methods

This is a retrospective and cross-sectional descriptive study. The data of the hospitalizations of the last 10 years (2009-2019) will be obtained in any service of the CAULE of the 28 basic health areas of the province of León, with a diagnosis of schizophrenia. Prevalence will be calculated. The rate of schizophrenia will be calculated for the decade per 1000 inhabitants.

Results

3133 admissions identified 1576 unique patients. It is the decade of 50-59 where the largest number of hospitalizations is concentrated. Most entered directly into the psychiatry hospital care. It is 2019 where the most income is produced and 2017 the one with the least. The rate of schizophrenia is 3,2 Per 1000 inhabitants.

Conclusions

Hospitalizations for schizophrenia is concentrated in the decade of the 40-49 years. The diagnosis of schizophrenia is frecuently delayed until negative symptoms appear. There is an upward trend in hospitalizations per year in the last decade. The rate of schizophrenia is higher in areas where consanguinity is present and where the prison is located.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
First psychotic episode as first manifestation of lyme disease: Case report
Authors: Leite R. Almeida , Almeida M. , Costa A. , Alcafache J. , Mesquita A.
Published: February 2022

Introduction

Lyme disease (LD) is caused by the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi (Bb) and has been reported to be associated with various psychiatric presentations.

Objectives

To report a case with LD and to highlight the importance of differential diagnosis in a first psychotic episode.

Methods

Case report and non-systematic review of the literature.

Results

A woman aged 31 was admitted to the psychiatric department, after a car accident with a mortal victim, due to a first psychotic episode with visual hallucinations, disorientation in time and space, persecutory and grandiosity delusions. She had a personal psychiatric history of obsessive-compulsive disorder and no previous admission to an inpatient Unit. On psychotropic drugs the condition failed to improve, and subsequently neurological symptoms developed. EEG abnormalities prompted a lumbar puncture. In the CSF a strong plasma cell reaction with atypical cells was observed. The enzyme immunoassay for Borrelia burgdorferi was positive and after treatment with penicillin the psychiatric and neurological signs and symptoms remitted. Screening assessment followed by a thorough history, comprehensive psychiatric clinical exam, review of systems, mental status exam, neurological exam and physical exam relevant to the patient’s complaints and findings with clinical judgment, pattern recognition and knowledgeable interpretation of laboratory findings facilitates diagnosis. Psychotropics and antibiotics may help improve functioning and prevent further disease progression.

Conclusions

LD is relatively rare, but awareness of the association between LD and neuropsychiatric presentations can improve understanding of the causes of mental illness and result in more effective prevention, diagnosis and treatment.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Reviewing the complex link between epilepsy and psychosis. A case report
Authors: Albarracin P. , Cabañas M. Jiménez , Herrero E. , Galeron R. , Naval M. Huete , Recio A. Garcia
Published: February 2022

Introduction

We present the case of a 56 year old woman with a diagnose of Complex Partial Seizures since her teenage years, with a history of multiple hospitalizations in the psychiatric ward of our hospital and a challenging clinical evolution.

Objectives

To review the different kinds of psychotic disorders that may arise in relation to epilepsia.

Methods

Literature review of scientific papers and classic textbooks on the issue, including references in both Spanish and English languages.

Results

From 2008 to 2011 our patient was hospitalized with episodes of different clinical features leading to different diagnoses (in 2008 the episode was compatible with a maniac phase and led to a diagnosis of possible Bipolar Disorder, in 2010 dissociative-like symptoms became more prominent and led to a diagnose of Dissociative Identity Disorder and in 2011 the symptoms pointed to an interictal depression), and a subsequent symptomatology that made clinicians consider a diagnose of unspecified schizophrenia. From 2015 to 2020 our patient suffered multiple decompensations resulting in up to six new hospitalizations, with psychotic symptoms in the shape of auditive hallucinations being consistent and affective symptoms varying widely. This evolution suggests a plausible diagnose of interictal chronic psychosis with bipolar-like affective episodes.

Conclusions

An extensive review of the available scientific literature shows, as so does this case, that along the course of an epileptic disease both schizophrenia-like psychosis and affective psychosis may arise, and that those might be divided along the categories of peri ictal and inter ictal disorders.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Description of the consumption of toxics in patients with assertive community treatment and prolonged release treatment
Authors: Garcia L. , Rodriguez C. , Willems A.I.
Published: February 2022

Introduction

The Assertive Community Treatment (ACT) was developed by Leonard Stein and Mary Ann. The objective is the treatment of serious Mental Disorders in an integral way and in the community.

Objectives

The Assertive Community Treatment (ACT) was developed by Leonard Stein and Mary Ann. The objective is the treatment of serious Mental Disorders in an integral way and in the community.

Methods

This is a retrospective study with a total of 69 patients whose main diagnosis is Schizophrenia undergoing CT follow-up in 2018-2019. The data obtained have been analyzed by the SPSS statistical program.

Results

Our sample is mainly composed of men (60.9%) with an average age of 48 years (+ - 11.56). The main diagnosis is schizophrenia (62.3%) and the most commonly used long-term injectable treatment is paliperidone palmitate with a dose range of 150mg. Of the total number of patients, 29% of the cases did not maintain active use of any toxic, and the most commonly used toxic is tobacco (49.3% of cases).

Conclusions

The inclusion of patients in a ACT program requires a diagnosis of severe Mental Disorder and poor therapeutic adherence. After analyzing our data, we observed that most of them also have active toxic consumption and high doses of psychotropic drugs.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in a substance use harm reduction setting
Authors: Frias P. , Vilares J.
Published: February 2022

Introduction

Harm reduction (HR) approaches substance use disorders (SUDs) from a standpoint of humanism and tolerance, understanding the difficulty of terminating consumption in some cases, and instead promoting practices aimed at reducing risks inherent to substance use while granting accessibility to comunity based healthcare and contact with differentiated care, when needed, to patients who otherwise wouldn’t have access to it. The COVID-19 pandemic brought about an economic crises, impacting mainly people from lower classes, associated with an increased prevalence of heroine and crack cocaine use and exacerbating previous SUDs.

Objectives

Describe changes in a HR population treated in HR context in Gaia, Portugal.

Methods

Data was retrieved from clinical files of patients undergoing treatment in a Harm Reduction setting on the HR team “GiruGaia” from Porto. Analysed data included number of patients admitted to treatment in the period between march the 1st and december the 30th 2020, their sociodemographic data, psychiatric and substance use history, psychiatric treatment and opioid agonist treatment when required. Gathered data was compared to the same time period in previous years.

Results

The number of patients admitted to treatment drastically increased. Patients presented with poorer socioeconomic conditions, more psychiatric comorbidity and in need of more extensive treatment interventions.

Conclusions

Our findings suggest that the pandemic and it’s socioeconomic impact affected drug users in need of HR interventions worsening underlying psychiatric disorders, poverty and inacessibility to healthcare. Drug users are often a forgotten population, and our results indicate that more attention should be devoted to them.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
The program of complex differentiated medical and psychological rehabilitation of suicidal behavior in dementia
Authors: Mudrenko I. , Potapov O. , Alswaeer E.
Published: February 2022

Introduction

The course of dementia is accompanied by aggression, wandering, agitation, sexual and eating disorders, suicidal behavior (SB).

Objectives

Develop and approbate a program of medical and psychological rehabilitation (MPRP) SB in patients with dementia.

Methods

It were treated 199 patients with SB in dementia of which 107 get cured according to the developed programs and 92 people received traditional treatment.

Results

The program of MPRP combines pharmacotherapy, psychotherapy psychoeducation, psychological training and developed taking into account the mechanisms and predictors of SB. The program included phases: diagnostic phase, phase of active intervention, psychoprophylactic phase. Pathogenetic treatment of dementia was performed with acetylcholinesterase inhibitors and / or NMDA-receptor blockers for 4-6 months. Patients with dementia with a depressive mechanism of SB were additionally prescribed antidepressants from the class of SSRIS for 3-4 months; with the psychotic mechanism of SB – atypical neuroleptics (risperidone, quetiapine) for 2-3 months. The system of psychotherapeutic and psychosocial intervention included rational and family psychotherapy, cognitive training, self-care training and psychoeducation for patients with the cognitive mechanism of SB – art therapy and family psychotherapy, communicative trainings and psychoeducation for patients with the depressive mechanism of SB; crisis psychotherapy and art therapy, social skills training and psychoeducational classes for patients with a psychotic mechanism. Improvement of mental state and reduction of symptoms of SP were diagnosed in 72.9% of patients, and after the use of traditional forms of prevention – only in 40.2% (DC=2.58; MI=0.43, p>0.001).

Conclusions

The results of approbation MPRP program in SB testify to its effectiveness.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
The regulation of emotions: Gender differences
Authors: Delhom I. , Melendez J.C. , Satorres E.
Published: February 2022

Introduction

Emotional regulation, understood as the emotional ability to repair emotional states, is a skill closely linked to adaptation during aging. People who are capable to manage their emotions have greater control over moods, applying adaptive regulation strategies that allow them to maintain positive moods and modify or regulate negative ones. It has been observed that gender can be a relevant variable related to emotional regulation. In this sense, it is considered that women may be more skillful than men to emotional regulation strategies, benefiting from more successful emotional management strategies.

Objectives

Verify if there are differences in the ability of emotional regulation between older men and women.

Methods

The sample consisted of 851 healthy older adults, of whom 299 were men and 554 women. The participants were recruited from elderly leisure centers in the city of Valencia (Spain). To assess emotional regulation, the regulation dimension of the Trait Meta-Mood Scale 24 (TMMS-24) was used.

Results

Significant differences were obtained in the emotional regulation dimension based on gender (F1, 851 = 0.075, p = 0.010), finding higher levels in women than in men (3.64 vs. 3.49).

Conclusions

There is an apparent advantage of women in relation to emotional regulation, showing more skill than men in the management of emotional states. This is an important finding considering the impact of emotional regulation on adaptation during aging. This adaptative advantage has a greate importance in generation pleasant emotional states that contribute to healthy aging.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Screening for hepatitis C in psychiatric population
Authors: Icole F. , Bronowicki J.-P. , Jeannoel C. , Besancon P. , Boulanger F.
Published: February 2022

Introduction

A meta-analysis from 2016 estimates prevalence of hepatitis C to be superior in people with severe mental illness than general population. In France, positivity for hepatitis C is estimated at 0,75% of general population and 0.3% with a detectable viral load. No recent study was conducted to determine seroprevalence of hepatitis C in population admitted in psychiatric institution.

Objectives

The aims of this study are to determine seroprevalence of hepatitis C in population admitted in psychiatric institution and describe the profile of infected patients.

Methods

From january 2020 to october 2020, screening test for hepatitis C, hepatitis B and HIV was proposed to every patient admitted at the reception unit of Ravenel Hospital. In case of positivity, viral load was realised.

Results

Between January 7th and Octobre 1st , 407 patients greed to the screening test. Among them, 17 (4,2%) were tested positive to hepatits C and viral load was detectable in 9/17 positives, which lead to a 2,2% seroprevalence of hepatitis C infection in the studied population. The patients with positive screening had a mean age of 40 years old. 82% of them were males. 16 admit using intoxicating substances and 10 were still current users at the time of the study. They were hospitalized for addictology purpose (5/17), psychosis (6/17), mood disorder (5/17), personality disorder (2/17), adjustement disorder (2/7). 10/17 had an alcohol use disorder.

Conclusions

This study confirms seroprevalence of hepatitis C infection in psychiatric population is seven times that of general population. This justifies a systematic screening of this population.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Relationship quality in couples related to mental health of women and men during the COVID-19 pandemic and stay-at-home orders
Authors: Shaigerova L. , Vakhantseva O. , Almazova O. , Shilko R. , Dolgikh A.
Published: February 2022

Introduction

The data on gender differences in mental health make the investigation of the specific impact of the pandemic and of the stay-at-home orders on men and women relevant.

Objectives

The study focuses on the quality of the relationship in couples and mental health in men and women during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods

The study was conducted through an online survey a few weeks after the pandemic was declared and the stay-at-home order was introduced in Russia. 274 participants (50 men and 224 women) engaged in long-term relationships aged from 18 to 62 (M=34.2; SD=9.1) took part in the research. The instruments included the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale, the Perceived Relationship Quality Components, and the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales.

Results

Women show a considerably higher level of stress (t=3.805; p<0.001), depression (t=3.76; p<0.001) and anxiety (t=2.959; p=0.003). The quality of relationship for women is significantly connected with mental wellbeing (r=0.423; p<0.001) and negatively correlated with the stress level (r= -0.60; p<0.001), depression (r= -0,381; p<0,001) and anxiety (r=-0,313; p<0,001). Meanwhile for men, the quality of the relationship is connected to mental wellbeing (r=0.280; p=0.049), opposed to stress levels (r= -0.316; p=0.025) and is neither connected to depression (r= -0.210; p=0.144) nor to anxiety (r= -0.126; p=0.383).

Conclusions

During the pandemic, a favorable partnership has a positive effect on the mental health of both men and women. However, while the relationship quality affects all investigated indicators of mental health in women, in men the relationship quality is only connected to the level of mental wellbeing and stress. The reported study was funded by RFBR, project number 20-04-60174.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Occupational burnout syndrome among italian healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: A real-world study
Authors: Vignapiano A. , Nolfe G.
Published: February 2022

Introduction

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) experience in 2019/2020 carrieda devastating impact on hospital systems and personnel. Therising number of cases, unpreparedness, lack of vital resources, excessiveworkload, and the incapacityto contain the spread has producedincreased psychological and physical pressure among thehealthcare workers. During thepandemic,the extreme pressures experienced by healthcare workers increasedthe risk ofburnout, which has negative consequences for individual health, but also for patient care andthe healthcare system.

Objectives

Our study has been developed with the aims to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on occupational burnout of Italian healthcare workers and to identify the presence of protective and the risk factors.

Methods

An online survey addressed the Italian healthcare workers using email invitation, dissemination of the link through social media channels and involvement of professional associations. The snowball sampling procedure gave us the opportunity to recruit a large sample of the Italian healthcare workers with different role, specialties and settings.

Results

During the study period, 5643 responses were recorded. The final sample included 5385 participants. This included 63.2% of medical practitioners, 35.3% of nurses and social workers and 1.5% non-clinical or other. The majority of participants were female (60.7%), 39.4% had at least 20 years of clinical experience and 3170 participants worked in inpatient unit hospital.A subset of participants screened positively for moderate- to-severe symptoms of depression, anxiety. Front-line workers reported high greater severity of psychological distress.

Conclusions

Understanding the health-related consequences of COVID-19 outbreak on Italian healthcare workers is mandatory to provide timely interventions to protect their health.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
The benefits of involving general practitioners in the promotion of e-health tools for primary prevention of suicide in the general population: The stopblues case
Authors: Jeannic A. Le , Turmaine K. , Chevreul K.
Published: February 2022

Introduction

In France about 10,000 suicides/year are recorded. General practitioners (GPs) have an important role in prevention, with consultation rates between 20% and 76% the day preceding suicide. StopBlues is an application/website for primary prevention of suicide in the general population. Its promotion was supported by municipalities and involved GPs.

Objectives

To evaluate how the involvement of GPs in the promotion of StopBlues had an impact on its utilization.

Methods

StopBlues was promoted in 25 French municipalities randomly assigned to a ‘basic’ promotion group organized by municipalities only or an ‘intensified’ promotion group that also includes promotion in GPs’ waiting rooms. StopBlues users were asked how they found out about StopBlues. After two years, an ad hoc questionnaire was sent to all GPs (N=2,111).

Results

StopBlues users from those municipalities (N=885) were 16% to learn about StopBlues from GPs, 93% of them living in municipalities with ‘intensified’ promotion. In the ‘basic’ group, where no GPs have heard about StopBlues, 15% would like to know more about it/will have a look at it and 8% will use it and recommend it to colleagues. Half of GPs from the ‘intensified’ group had heard about the program, with 24% who recommended StopBlues to some patients. 21% of GPs agreed that they will use it and recommend it to colleagues.

Conclusions

Involving GPs in the use of e-health tools is of major interest to improve their utilization. Our results show that GPs are in need of those in dealing with patients with psychological pain/distress.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
ECG changes associated with lithium intoxication – a study based on the lisie project
Authors: Truedson P. , Lindmark K. , Ström M. , Maripuu M. , Werneke U.
Published: February 2022

Introduction

It currently remains unclear in how far supratherapeutic lithium serum concentrations can affect the cardiac conduction system. Prolonged QT interval, arrhythmias and cardiac death have all been anecdotally reported, but the systematic studies are few.

Objectives

To examine ECG changes occurring with supratherapeutic lithium concentrations that have given rise to lithium toxicity.

Methods

We examined all episodes of lithium intoxication defined as serum lithium level (≥ 1.5 mmol/L). We analyzed ECG before, during and after intoxication and recorded ECG changes. These, we then assessed according to type of intoxications, clinical and other pharmacological characteristics. The study is based on 20-year data (1997-2020) from the retrospective cohort study (LiSIE) in the Swedish region of Norrbotten.

Results

Of 1101 patients treated with lithium, 77 patients had experienced lithium intoxications. 12 patients had more than one episode of intoxication, yielding 91 episodes. 39 had ECG available both as reference and during lithium intoxication. We found no statistically significant prolongation of the QTc interval during lithium intoxication, compared to respective reference ECG (p = 0.364). Heart rate during lithium intoxication was significantly lower, mean 73 beats/min (SD 16,8, range 43 - 112), compared to the reference ECG, mean 79 beats/min (SD 15,3, range 48-112; p = 0.006). No patient died. All findings were independent of whether an intoxication was acute or chronic.

Conclusions

In our study, heart rate was significantly lower during episodes of intoxication. However, this decrease was of no clinical relevance in most cases. Lithium intoxication was not associated with prolonged QT time.

Disclosure

M. Ott: scientific advisory board member of Astra Zeneca, Sweden. U. Werneke: received funding for educational activities on behalf of Norrbotten Region; Astra Zeneca, Eli Lilly, Janssen, Novartis, Otsuka/Lundbeck, Servier, Shire, Sunovion. Others: None
Rates of 1-year cognitive impairment in older adults who developed delirium due to a systemic infection
Authors: Silva A.R. , Cardoso A.L. , Baldeiras I. , Santana I. , Cerejeira J.
Published: February 2022

Introduction

Delirium affects a significant proportion of hospitalized older patients with acute infections. There is growing evidence that delirium accelerates the cognitive decline at long term.

Objectives

We aimed to determine if delirium during hospitalization was independently associated with cognitive deterioration at one-year.

Methods

From a total of 22 patients (12 C, 4 Dem, 2 D, and 4 DD) delirium (D and DD groups) was associated with a worse score in MOCA of 3-points (p<.02) and 2.5-points (p<.03), respectively, at one year, follow up. Dementia patients without delirium had a decrease of 2-point (p=.04) while cognitively healthy patients had a decrease in 1.08 points (p=.05) (Graph1). MOCA and NPI scores during hospitalization correlated significantly with cognitive decline in the four groups (r=.658, p<.01 and r=.439, p=.02, respectively.)

Results

From a total of 22 patients (12 C, 4 Dem, 2 D and 4 DD) delirium (D and DD groups) was associated with a worse score in MOCA of 3-points (p<.02) and 2.5-points (p<.03), respectively, at one year follow up. Dementia patients without delirium had a of 2-point (p=.04) while cognitively healthy patients had a decrease in 1.08 points (p=.05) (Graph1). MOCA and NPI scores during hospitalization correlated significantly with cognitive decline in the four groups (r=.658, p<.01 and r=.439, p=.02, respectively.)

Conclusions

Individuals developing delirium while recovering from infection have higher rates of cognitive decline after one year, but the cognitive decline is also present to a lower extent for individuals with infections that did not develop delirium.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
The psychiatric impact of the 2020 beirut port explosion on civilians and relief workers
Authors: Charara R. , El-Khoury J.
Published: February 2022

Introduction

On August 4th 2020, a massive port explosion shook Beirut, killing at least 200, injuring more than 6,000 people and leaving more than a quarter of a million living in unfit homes. Various factors can participate in the severity of mental health outcomes of a disaster including the number of injuries, the degree of property destruction, unexpectedness of the occurrence of the event, and the type of the disaster.

Objectives

The main aim of this study is to assess the prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder (acute stress disorder) and major depression at 1 and 6 months following the Beirut explosion. The secondary aim is to determine predictors of PTSD incidence among civilians and relief workers affected by the disaster.

Methods

This is a cross-sectional study with data collected via an online survey through convenience sampling. People will be recruited via social media platforms. To achieve a power of 80% and a two-sided significance of 5% and because gender differences will be explored, assuming a design effect (deff) of 2.5, a minimum sample of 960 participants would be needed. The survey will include sociodemographic data, questions about exposure levels to trauma and a psychiatric symptom inventory. Pearson’s Chi Square test will be used to examine the association between categorical variables and regression models will be run to examine the associations while controlling for confounders, including age, gender and others.

Results

The results from both rounds of data collection (months 1 and 6) will be available in late March 2021.

Conclusions

to follow based on results

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Involving families in psychiatric treatment and rehabilitation
Authors: Santos C. Fernandes , Medeiros A.B. , Gomes R.
Published: February 2022

Introduction

Psychiatric rehabilitation promotes recovery in individuals with mental disabilities. Its mission is to engage patients and families or caregivers in a collaborative treatment process. The vision of recovery is more likely to become a reality when patients and families are actively involved in treatment. Numerous factors have converged during the past decades to facilitate development and refinement of evidence-based approaches for strengthening families coping with mental disorders.

Objectives

To review current knowledge on the importance of involving families in psychiatric treatment and rehabilitation, addressing effectiveness of family interventions, role of family coping skills in neutralizing stress and vulnerability, and family burden of mental illness.

Methods

Non-systematic review of literature through search on PubMed/MEDLINE database for publications up to 2020. Textbooks were consulted.

Results

Given the unpredictability of major mental disorders, families assume responsibility for extensive monitoring and supervision of a severely and chronically mentally ill relative. Clinical, social, family and economic benefits are achieved by adding psychosocial family interventions to a comprehensive array of services required by patients. Family interventions are not stand-alone modalities: they are coordinated with pharmacotherapy, illness management, crisis intervention, clinical case management, skills training and supportive services. Family interventions show benefits, such as fewer psychotic/affective episodes of exacerbation or relapse by the patient, reduced hospitalizations and improved family morale and less emotional burden.

Conclusions

The new and effective family interventions do not stigmatize families as being ‘sick’ or in need of therapy to ‘straighten them out’. Family interventions are viewed as conferring added therapeutic protection to the patient and relatives.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Effectiveness of antipsychotics in schizophrenia with comorbid substance use disorder
Authors: Lähteenvuo M. , Luykx J. , Taipale H. , Mittendorfer-Rutz E. , Tanskanen A. , Batalla A. , Tiihonen J.
Published: February 2022

Introduction

Schizophrenia is highly comorbid with substance use disorders (SUD), which may negatively impact the course of illness. However, large studies exploring the best lines of treatment for this combination are lacking.

Objectives

We investigated what are the most effective antipsychotics for patients with schizophrenia in preventing the development of substance use disorders and preventing hospitalizations in patients already having substance use disorder.

Methods

We used two independent national cohort registries including all patient with schizophrenia aged under 46 years. Participants were followed during 22 (1996–2017, Finland) and 11 years (2006–2016, Sweden). We studied risk of rehospitalization, and risk of developing an SUD when using vs. not using antipsychotics, using Cox proportional hazards regression analysis models.

Results

45,476 patients with schizophrenia were identified (30,860 in Finland; 14,616 in Sweden). For patients without SUD, clozapine and antipsychotic polytherapy were associated with the lowest risks of developing SUD in both countries. For patients with co-existing SUD, the risk of hospitalization was the lowest during clozapine, polytherapy and long-acting injectable use.

Conclusions

In patients with schizophrenia and comorbid SUD, antipsychotic medications were effective in preventing relapses. In those without an SUD, antipsychotic use was associated with a markedly reduced risk of developing an initial SUD. Clozapine and long-acting injectables should be considered treatments of choice in patients with schizophrenia and SUD, or at risk of developing co-morbid SUD.

Disclosure

ML: Genomi Solutions Ltd, DNE Ltd, Sunovion, Orion Pharma, Janssen-Cilag, Finnish Medical Foundation, Emil Aaltonen Foundation. HT, EMR, AT: Eli Lilly, Janssen–Cilag. JT: Eli Lilly, Janssen-Cilag, Lundbeck, Otsuka.
Suicide and self-harm in women with mental disorders during pregnancy and the year after birth
Authors: Ayre K. , Bittar A. , Dutta R. , Howard L.
Published: February 2022

Introduction

There is little prospective data on the risk factors for later suicide in women who experience perinatal mental disorders, particularly beyond one-year postnatal.

Objectives

Among a cohort of women who were in contact with a mental healthcare provider during the perinatal period, to: (1) Describe sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of the women who died by suicide (2) Understand when, in relation to childbirth, most suicides tended to occur.

Methods

Data-linkage of de-identified service-user electronic healthcare records, national hospital episode statistics and mortality data generated a cohort of women in contact with a mental healthcare service provider in London, UK, perinatally. Using Natural Language Processing and structured field extraction, we identified clinical, socio-demographic characteristics, self-harm exposure, and suicide.

Results

Among 5204 women, clinical and demographic characteristics of women who did and did not die by suicide were similar apart from indicators of illness severity including perinatal sedative medication prescription, clinician-rated functional impairment and smoking, which were more common in women who died by suicide. Suicide deaths occurred most frequently in the second year post-delivery. The most common method of suicide ocurring wihtin two years was by violent means, whereas after two years postnatal, the most common method was non-violent.

Conclusions

Our findings support the extension of perinatal mental healthcare service provision to two years post-delivery.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Behavioural addictions as risk factors for incidence and reoccurrence of suicide ideation and attempts in a prospective cohort study among young swiss men
Authors: Wicki M. , Andronicos M. , Studer J. , Marmet S. , Gmel G.
Published: February 2022

Introduction

Substance use disorder, depression and sexual minority are well documented risk factors for suicidal behaviour, far less is known about behavioural addictions.

Objectives

First, to explore associations between behavioural addictions (gaming, gambling, cybersex, internet, smartphone, work) at age 25 and the incidence and reoccurrence of suicide ideation (SID), suicide attempts (SAT), and suicide attempts among those with suicide ideation (SATID) at age 28. Second, to test whether these associations were impacted by adjusting for cannabis and alcohol use disorder, nicotine dependence, sexual orientation and depression.

Methods

Based on two waves of a prospective cohort study of 5,428 young Swiss men, nested models with and without adjustment for risk factors were used to regress SID, SAT and SATID on preceding behavioural addictions.

Results

Without adjustment, each of the behavioural addictions at age 25 significantly predicted the incidence of SID and SAT at age 28. Gambling and cybersex addiction furthermore predicted SATID. When adjusting for other risk factors, associations with behavioural addictions were reduced, whereas depression and cannabis use disorder were the most important and consistent predictors for the incidence and recurrence of SID, SAT and SATID.

Conclusions

Among young Swiss men, behavioural addictions are important predictors of SID and SAT, however a large part of their association is shared with depression and cannabis use disorder. Treatment for addictive behaviors, especially cannabis use can open the door to larger mental health screening and targeted intervention. Crisis intervention among men presenting addictive behaviours with or without substance may therefore be key to preventing suicidal behaviour.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Outcomes of a regional suicide prevention systems intervention study: Suicide prevention by monitoring and collaborative care (SUPREMOCOL) in noord-brabant in the netherlands
Authors: Van Der Feltz-Cornelis C.
Published: February 2022

Introduction

Since 2007, suicide rates increased in the Netherlands and the province of Noord-Brabant ranked second nationally with a 64% increase. 60% of people who died by suicide did not receive treatment at the time of their death. Gap analysis showed 1) lack of expertise to explore suicide risk in health care or community settings where persons at risk presented; 2) lack of swift access to specialist care addressing suicidality; 3) lack of oversight of the care process and 4) lack of follow up.

Objectives

We developed a regional suicide prevention systems intervention with chain partners at community, general health and mental health care level to address these gaps in Noord-Brabant, aiming at a 20% decrease in the number of suicides.

Methods

The project started October 2016 and lasted 4 years. The intervention has four pillars: 1) Online decision aid for health care professionals to assess suicidal risk and to communicate with chain partners; 2) swift access to care; 3) facilitation of care through the care chain by a dedicated nurse; and 4) 12 months follow up monitoring if the patient still receives appropriate care. We examined the effect of SUPREMOCOL on suicides in a pre-post design.

Results

During the implementation year of the intervention, suicides in Noord-Brabant dropped 17% whereas nationally they dropped 5%, and this effect was sustained after one year.

Conclusions

This suicide prevention systems intervention is effective in reducing suicide rates. Long-term follow-up and implementation is warranted.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
From hysteria to conversion: A case of stuttering
Authors: Silva R. , Camilo J. , Vaz I. , Ribeiro A.M.
Published: February 2022

Introduction

Conversion Disorder is a condition defined by the sudden appearance of neurologic symptoms without an identifiable organic cause, often thought to be associated with psychological triggers. This disorder can lead to severe distress and loss of functionality which, without appropriate treatment, can be made permanent.

Objectives

To raise awareness for this unexplained and often misunderstood disorder using a clinical case as background.

Methods

Clinical history, organic evaluation, psychological evaluation and literature review.

Results

28-year-old female, single, with two children, working from home as a call-centre operator. Previously followed and medicated for depression. Presents to the ER due to sudden loss of consciousness while working, after which her speech became hindered by stuttering. Neurologic evaluation was unremarkable and she was referred for Psychiatric assessment, resulting in a diagnosis of Conversion Disorder. Speech was at first understandable but in the following weeks became progressively worse and eventually led to aphonia, while written communication remained normal and was the patient’s method of choice.

Conclusions

Once a favourite of Psychiatrists, little is yet known about the underlying mechanisms behind this disorder. Experts disagree on whether to classify it as a dissociative disorder, a somatoform disorder, or its own category. Patients presenting with this condition are often mistaken for malingering and thus subject to unhelpful or outright discriminatory practices. Broadened awareness is required to ensure patients get early access to the best possible care and thus improve their quality of life.
Are anxiety disorders associated with accelerated ageing and cognitive decline? A multicenter italian study in middle aged and older patients and controls
Authors: Daccò S. , Caldirola D. , Alciati A. , Fagiolini A. , Brambilla P. , Perna G.
Published: February 2022

Introduction

Anxiety Disorders (AnxDs) are highly prevalent in middle-aged and older individuals and are putative factors that might interfere with normal aging, by affecting cognitive functioning and neuroprogression.

Objectives

This study aims to assess whether current AnxD in middle-aged and older subjects are associated with 1) lower neuropsychological performance, 2) shorter telomere length/lower plasmatic Amyloid-Beta, and 3) brain connectivity alterations, compared to subjects without lifetime psychiatric disorders (HCs).

Methods

This is an ongoing multicentric cross-sectional study. We collected preliminary data on neuropsychological performance through a standardized battery, in 60 outpatients with current AnxDs (DSM-5 criteria), 24 with psychopharmacological treatments (AnxDs+) and 36 without (AnxDs-), compared to 76 HCs, all aged 50-75 years. This study was supported by Fondazione Cariplo, grant n° 2014:0664.

Results

AnxDs- patients showed poorer performance in the language domain, namely in semantic fluency (p=0.04), compared to HCs. No other significant differences were found between groups. Within the patients’ group, we found that a greater burden of psychiatric disorders or medical diseases, current use of benzodiazepines, or unhealthy lifestyle had significant detrimental effects on cognition, whereas current use of antidepressants, pharmacological treatments for medical conditions, and higher levels of physical activity exhibited the opposite effects.

Conclusions

We found only limited difference in cognitive performance between patients and controls. However, our preliminary results show that multiple factors influence cognitive performance in individuals with AnxDs, making these aspect important to monitor in clinical practice. So far, our results are provisional and further analyses in the final sample may provide more reliable conclusions.
Comorbid adult adhd and bipolar affective disorder – assessment challenges
Authors: Pereira I. , Nogueira V. , Marguilho M. , Teixeira J.
Published: February 2022

Introduction

Attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and bipolar disorder (BD) are two of the most prevalent psychiatric disorders presenting in children and adults, respectively. Reported co-occurrence of ADHD and BD in adulthood is higher than would be expected by chance, with great impact on prognosis and treatment. Since features of both entities can overlap, careful assessment of these patients is crucial.

Objectives

To understand the relation between BD and ADHD, and how co-occurrence impacts clinical evaluation.

Methods

Bibliographic research was made through the PubMed/NCBI database. No time limit was specified on the search. Pertinent manuscripts were individually reviewed for additional relevant citations.

Results

ADHD influences the course and manifestations of BD, regardless of its presence later in adulthood. There is a 3-fold increase of ADHD co-occurrence in individuals with BD when compared to normal population, and ADHD seems to co-occur in about 20% of BD patients (even after correction for overlapping symptoms). Features which may suggest simultaneous diagnosis are: earlier occurrence of BD-related symptoms (especially manic or hypomanic states), more severe course of the mood disorder, less adherence to treatment and higher functioning impact. This makes for a worse prognosis, with increased suicidal risk in these patients.

Conclusions

The co-occurrence of BD and ADHD may represent a distinct clinical phenotype, with recent findings highlighting the presence of common neurobiological mechanisms. Accordingly, patients with BD should be screened for ADHD and viceversa. There is no consensus for treatment of ADHD-BD patients, with further studies being necessary to better define and define possible therapeutic approaches.
Bipolar disorder and peripartum mood episodes: Epidemiology and clinical correlates
Authors: Aragno E. , Salvo G. Di , Rosso G. , Maina G.
Published: February 2022

Introduction

It is known that the peripartum period is a high-risk period of recurrence in bipolar disorder (BD). However, data on correlations between reproductive life events, such as age at menarche and peripartum period, are mixed in BD.

Objectives

The aims of this retrospective study are to investigate the lifetime rate of peripartum mood episodes, the clinical correlates and the relationship between age at menarche and peripartum episode in a sample of women with BD.

Methods

The study focused on comparisons between women with vs. without peripartum mood episodes (n = 292). Socio-demographic and clinical characteristics between women with vs without BD peripartum episode were examined through descriptive statistics.Adjusted logistic regression analysis was run to examine the association between variables.

Results

In our sample, 30% had at least one BD peripartum episode. Women with peripartum episode had significantly earlier age at menarche, earlier onset of BD and longer duration of untreated disorder compared to women without peripartum episode. After adjustment, the late menarche (>15 years) was associated with lower probability of BD episodes during the peripartum period compared to normal menarche (12-14 years).

Conclusions

Peripartum mood episodes are common in BD and are correlated with early onset of BD and long duration of untreated disorder. Moreover, age at menarche may be related to the risk of peripartum mood episodes. The results deserve to be deepened in further studies.