bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cross Border Migration and Unemployment in Nigeria and Benin Republic, 1999-2020
Authors: Ezeabasili Ifeoma Ethel
Published: June 2023

Purpose: This paper explored nexus between the cross-border migration and unemployment in Nigeria and the Benin Republic comparatively between 1999 and 2020.

Methodology: The study adopted classical migration theory as the theoretical framework and data were sourced from the secondary Sources such as; Journal articles, bulletin, newspaper the United Nations, World Bank development index, International Monetary Fund, and international organizations for migration. The data collated were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation coefficient.

Findings: The findings revealed that there is a significant negative relationship between cross border migration and unemployment in Nigeria while for Benin Republic; there is a negative but insignificant relationship between cross border and unemployment. The paper thus concludes that   cross border migration reduces the rate of unemployment in Nigeria, but has no impact in Benin Republic.

Unique Contribution to Theory, Policy and Practice: The paper recommended that; for policymakers in both countries there is need for a stronger legal framework for a cross border movement of people, including enhanced institutions and control of immigration; also, there should be zero tolerance on corruption, and the need to create jobs for the teeming youths.
Effect of Bedding Systems on Hygiene and Milk Yield of Crossbred Dairy Cows
Authors: GEETHA N , BALUSAMI C , ABRAHAM JOHN
Published: June 2023

In dairy cattle, bedding and its management contribute predominantly to the comfort of the cow, udder  health and milk quality. The aim of the study is to assess the effect of different bedding materials such  as concrete floor, rubber mats, coir pith and dried solid manure on hygiene and milk yield and in  crossbred dairy cows. Twenty-four crossbred cows with six animals in each group were selected for  the study for one lactation period spread over three different seasons. The control group (T1) was  maintained in concrete floor without any bedding material. In (T2) rubber mats of 1.2 m × 1.8 m ×  0.025m area were provided on concrete floor. In (T3) coir pith and (T4) dried solid manure (DSM) on  concrete floor was the bedding. The mean tail head, upper rear limb, ventral abdomen, udder and  lower rear limb hygiene score of the T1 group were higher than other groups, which indicated that  the cows became ‘dirty’ and the T3 group had lower score than others which denoted cows were  ‘very clean’ with significant difference (P<0.01) between them. The range of hygiene score in cows  of T2 group revealed that the cows were ‘average to dirty’ whereas in T4 ‘clean to average’. The  hygiene score of cows improved during summer season and reduced in monsoon. The cows of T1  group had the lowest overall daily milk yield (8.66 ± 0.22 kg) while the cows of T3 group had the  highest yield (9.98 ± 0.30 kg).
Efficacy of Dietary Fenugreek and Kalonji Seed Powder on Carcass Traits of Guinea Fowls
Authors: CHANDANKAR SONALI D , PALOD JYOTI , SINGH V S , SINGH S K
Published: June 2023

A study was conducted on 100, day old guinea fowls (Pearl variety) for 12 weeks to study the efficacy  of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) and kalonji (Nigella sativa) seed powder supplementation  on carcass traits and meat composition of thigh and breast. The experimental guinea fowls were  randomly divided into five treatment groups viz. T1 control, T2 (2.0% fenugreek seed powder), T3  (1.0% kalonji seed powder), T4 (2.0% fenugreek +1.0% kalonji seed powder) and T5 (1.0%  fenugreek + 0.5% kalonji seed powder), with two replications of ten guinea fowls each. The  supplementation was done for 84 days. On 84th day, three guinea fowls from each replicate (6 guinea  fowls/treatment) were sacrificed for study of carcass yield, cut up parts, organ weights and processing  losses. The results indicated that dietary fenugreek and kalonji seed powder supplementation in  guinea fowls improved dressed yield in T4 group of guinea fowls. Cut up parts in terms of thigh  weights were improved in fenugreek and kalonji seed powder supplemented groups with maximum  weight observed in T5 group of guinea fowls whereas breast weight was significantly increased in T4  group of guinea fowls. From the results of present study, it can be concluded that combination of  fenugreek (2%) and kalonji (1%) seed powder through feed may be advised to improve carcass yield  in guinea fowls.
Rumination Assessment: A Managemental Tool for Dairy Cattle
Authors: WADHWANI K N , THAKKAR N K , ISLAM M M , LUNAGARIYA P M , PATEL J H
Published: June 2023

Rumination is the process of regurgitation, re-mastication, salivation and swallowing of ingesta. Cows  ruminate for approximately 504±93 min/day and a decrease in rumination time is typically important  sign that something is affecting ruminal function and cow well-being. Rumination activity mainly  occurs at night and during resting periods in the afternoon. Rumination can be detected by the several  methods viz. visual observation, video recording, nose band pressure signal, accelerometer ear-tags  and neck collar. The time that an animal spends ruminating is influenced by species, breed, physical  & chemical characteristics of the diet, health condition, feed intake and production level. More  roughage diet with long fibre increases the rumination time. Diets containing higher neutral detergent  fibre (%) resulted in increase in rumination time per kilogram of roughage ingested. Rumination time  decrease with increasing temperature humidity index. Rumination time significantly influence the milk  yield and milk composition and reproduction performance. Rumination time could be used to monitor  dairy cattle during calving, oestrous, and heat stress, as well as to detect diseases, heat stress,  transition cow disorders and subclinical ketosis in dairy cows.
Integrated U-Pb and Hf zircon and whole-rock Nd isotopes studies of Devonian granitic rocks from Sierra de San Luis (Sierras Pampeanas, Argentina): Petrogenetic implications
Authors: Dahlquist Juan A. , Morales Cámera Matías M. , Moreno Juan A. , Basei Miguel A.S. , Zandomeni Priscila , Santos da Cruz Gilmara
Published: June 2023

Previous geochronological data indicate a protracted Devonian magmatic activity developed in the Sierra de San Luis, Sierras Pampeanas of Argentina, with three major crystallization events: 393±3, 384±2, and 377±2 Ma. Previously reported whole-rock Sm-Nd isotopes data define two average distinctive εNdt values: -1.37 and -3.47, and they are consistent with new data presented here. The first signature is assumed for a parental magma with dominant metasomatized subcontinental lithospheric mantle (SCLM) source, whereas the second signature could represent a parental magma derived of a lower continental crust source hybridized with magmas of the first signature. Notably, the new zircon Hf isotopes performed on the same zircon domains that were previously dated, indicate that the contribution of the source was variable over time. In situ Hf in zircon is relevant to evaluate the compositional evolution of the Devonian granitic magmas in the Sierra de San Luis, since the high variability of the εHft values recorded in zircons indicate that the calculated εNdt values for the samples can only be interpreted as a final picture of the petrogenetic process. Zircon Hf isotopes data suggest that the zircon crystallized from a magma with variable composition, recording two major events, yielding two εHft signatures: (1) -3.54 and (2) -6.85. A third composition, yield a less representative εHft value of -5.44, and represent a εHft signature (3).
Myth and Fairy Tale in Contemporary Women's Fiction
Authors: Sellers Susan
Published: June 2023

Woman as gorgon, woman as temptress: the classical and biblical mythology which has dominated Western thinking defines women in a variety of patriarchally encoded roles. This study addresses the surprising persistence of mythical influence in contemporary fiction. Opening with the question 'what is myth?', the first section provides a wide-ranging review of mythography. It traces how myths have been perceived and interpreted by such commentators as Sigmund Freud, Carl Jung, Bruno Bettelheim, Roland Barthes, Jack Zipes and Marina Warner. This leads to an examination of the role that mythic narrative plays in social and self formation, drawing on the literary, feminist and psychoanalytic theories of Julia Kristeva, Luce Irigaray, Helene Cixous and Judith Butler to delineate the ways in which women's mythos can transcend the limitations of logos and give rise to potent new models for individual and cultural regeneration.

In this light, Susan Sellers offers challenging new readings of a wide range of contemporary women's fiction, including works by A. S. Byatt, Angela Carter, Anne Rice, Michele Roberts, Emma Tennant and Fay Weldon. Topics explored include fairy tale as erotic fiction, new religious writing, vampires and gender-bending, mythic mothers, genre fiction, the still-persuasive paradigm of feminine beauty, and the radical potential of comedy.
Assessment of the frequency of falls and attendant risk factors, in conjunction with self-perceived quality of life, in elderly residents of nursing facilities in Wroclaw, Poland
Authors: Ostrowska Bożena , Kozłowski Paweł , Skolimowska Beata , Bugaj Rafał
Published: June 2023

Introduction

An increase in the average life expectancy constitutes one of the greatest achievements of humanity, and at the same time a serious challenge for modern health protection and social care systems. The main aim of the work is to investigate quality of life and risk of falls.

Methods

Forty-four people (30 women and 14 men) aged 63 to 99 (average: 83.2 ± 7.2) recruited from two local nursing homes participated in the study. To assess the risk of falling FallScreen (physiological profile assessment, Prince of Wales Medical Research Institute) in a shortened version was used. To assess QoL (quality of life), the Polish version of the SF-36 questionnaire in its standard version was used.

Results

It was indicated that in the year preceding the study, nearly 60% of participants fell; 32% (n = 14) fell once and 27% (n = 12) fell twice or more. Occurrence of chronic diseases and taking at least three medications were reported by more than 80% of seniors. The Results section presents the components of the physical and mental dimensions of the self-assessment of the quality of life of the participants of the study. The average index of quality of life among the studied people was 94.3 points, which is 55.2% of the maximum score.

Conclusions

The dominating risk factor for falls, as established in the nursing home residents against the Physiological Profile Assessment (PPA) scale, consisted in slower reaction to a stimulus; its average value exceeding by threefold the reference value for healthy individuals of similar age.
Ban Chiang painted pottery - a selected archive
Authors: Van Esterik Penny
Published: June 2023

This archive includes images of painted pottery photographed by Penny van Esterik in the late sixties and early seventies, authentic and fake, and all points in between. The photographs are of uneven quality, but they are a record of what was considered Ban Chiang pottery at that time. The photographs were taken in the homes of Thai collectors, in museum storerooms, in police storage areas, in open markets, in glass cabinets, in bank vaults, on the street, and in antique showrooms. Please cite the publication "Designs on Pots. Ban Chiang and the Politics of Heritage in Thailand" when using these photographs.
La Sentencia de la Audiencia Nacional 23/2023, de 23 de febrero, solo reconoce una excepción a la obligación de las empresas de excluir los datos retributivos individualizados de su registro retributivo
Authors: García Campá Santiago
Published: June 2023

El criterio general aplicado por las empresas cuando la elaboración de su registro retributivo implica la comunicación de una cuantía salarial individualizada ha sido omitir tal dato personal del documento al que tiene acceso la representación legal de las personas trabajadoras. La adopción de este criterio ha contado con un robusto apoyo en la Sentencia del Tribunal Superior de Justicia de Cataluña 2745/2020, de 22 de junio, y en la guía La protección de datos en las relaciones laborales de la Agencia Española de Protección de Datos, publicada en 2021. También una interpretación literal, lógica y teleológica del artículo 28.2 del Estatuto de los Trabajadores (ET) y del Real Decreto 902/2020 ha defendido esta forma de presentar el registro salarial. La Sentencia de la Audiencia Nacional 23/2023, de 23 de febrero, modifica este panorama tras declarar que conculca la legislación vigente la práctica empresarial consistente en mutilar datos retributivos en determinados puestos de trabajo ocupados por una sola persona, o por una trabajadora y un trabajador, porque la transmisión de datos personales está justificada por una obligación legal (arts. 28 ET y 8 LO 3/2018), el sujeto destinatario de la información cuenta con una finalidad legítima (arts. 6.1 Reglamento (UE) 2016/679 y 4 a 7 RD 902/2020) y, además, está sometido al deber de sigilo (art. 65 ET). Una lectura atenta de la sentencia permite concluir que no reconoce una nueva obligación general de las empresas a transmitir datos individualizados en el registro retributivo a los órganos de representación de las personas trabajadoras, sino que únicamente admite una excepción a la regla general de no transmitir en el registro salarial cuantías salariales individualizadas cuando a) deban ser conocidas por la comisión negociadora del plan de igualdad en fase de diagnóstico, b) en la medida en que la comisión o alguno de sus componentes lo exija para llevar a cabo la auditoría retributiva y c) siempre y cuando los datos retributivos individualizados solicitados sean funcionales para evaluar la existencia de una discriminación retributiva en puestos de igual valor.
Educación, pedagogía y territorio: El uso de la cartografía social en educación
Authors:   Universidad de los Andes, Herrera Jose Dario , Flores Hinojos Irma
Published: June 2023

Entendida como un enfoque, método o técnica, la cartografía hace posible la aparición de una enorme cantidad de representaciones de mundo y sugiere una comprensión de lo social mucho más rica, abierta y democrática que cualquier disciplina o tradición teórica. En Pedagogía y territorio los mapas revelan información sobre los distintos tipos de espacios sociales que convergen, divergen o se yuxtaponen y dan cuenta de las tensiones, fronteras y relaciones de poder que la comunidad educativa percibe en sus instituciones. Por medio de una mirada respetuosa y empática, los autores exponen y analizan casos en escuelas y universidades en Colombia. Desde los clásicos dibujos o cartogramas de la educación popular hasta los sofisticados mapas de segundo orden realizados con ayudas computacionales, en esta obra se presentan relatos antes escondidos o acallados por las versiones totalitarias del mundo y de las cosas.
La teoría de la objetivación
Authors: Radford Luis
Published: June 2023

Este libro presenta una nueva teoría educativa en la que el aprendizaje se considera un proceso colectivo, cultural e histórico. La teoría se aleja de las concepciones actuales del aprendizaje que se centran en la construcción o adquisición de contenidos conceptuales. Su punto de partida es que la es­cuela no sólo produce conocimientos, sino también subjetividades. En con­secuencia, el aprendizaje se conceptualiza como un proceso que consiste en conocer y llegar a ser. Basándose en las obras de Vygotsky y Freire, La teoría de la objetiva­ción ofrece una perspectiva para transformar las aulas en lugares de vida comunitaria, donde los alumnos encuentran la experiencia de una ética de la solidaridad, la responsabilidad, la pluralidad y la inclusividad. Plantea el ob­jetivo de la educación en general, y de la educación matemática en particular, como un esfuerzo político, social, histórico y cultural, dirigido a la creación dialéctica de sujetos reflexivos y éticos que se posicionen críticamente en los discursos y prácticas matemáticas histórica y culturalmente constituidos, y que ponderen nuevas posibilidades de acción y pensamiento.
COMPARISON OF THE DIAMETER AND CAROTID INTIMA MEDIA THICKNESS IN DIABETIC PATIENTS WITH AND WITH METABOLIC SYNDROME ON ULTRASOUND
Authors: TANWEER AHMAD  , KIRAN SARFRAZ  , SADIA IMRAN
Published: June 2023

Objective: This objective of this study was to compare the diameter and intima media thickness of carotid arteries in diabetic patients with and without metabolic syndrome on ultrasound examination.

Methodology: This cross sectional study was conducted at Radiology department of Lahore General Hospital (LGH) and completed in 6 months using non-probability purposive sampling. We took 100 cases, 50 diabetic patients (group-A) without metabolic syndrome and 50 diabetics with metabolic syndrome (group-B). All patients 20-90 years of age of either sex presenting with confirmed type 2 diabetes mellitus with and without metabolic syndrome were taken in this study. Patients with stroke due to secondary causes like trauma, impaired coagulation or tumor were excluded from this study. Patient’s age, gender, IMT, and diameter of Right CCA, Left CCA, Right ICA and Left ICA were measured and compared in both study groups.

Results: In this study mean age of patients in group – A was 49.04 ± 9.78 years and in group-B the mean age 53.72 ± 53.72 years. Intima media thickness (IMT) of right and left CCA and right ICA was statistically higher in group-B (1.10 ± 0.2, 1.09 ± 0.21 and 0.47 ±0.02) as compared to group-A (0.79±0.12, 0.78±0.13 and 0.45±0.03), p-value < 0.001 while IMT of left ICA was statistically same in both groups (in group-A 0.46±0.03 and group B was 0.47±0.03), p-value > 0.05. Diameter of right and left CCA was significantly higher in group-B (6.79±0.1 and 6.66 ± 0.297) as compared to group-A (6.52±0.19 and 6.47±0.32), p-value < 0.001 and diameter of right ICA and left ICA was statistically same in both groups, p-value > 0.05.

Conclusion: Since diabetic patients with metabolic syndrome are at greater risk of developing increased CCA-IMT and increase in CCA-IMT is associated with all subtypes of ischemic stroke, carotid plaque and cardiovascular deaths. So early detection is needed to identify individuals at risk and further prospective studies are recommended to demonstrate the regression of carotid IMT with management of metabolic syndrome in Type 2 DM patients.
PASTORAL KONSELING KERJA PADA HRD MANAGER YANG MENGALAMI STRESS KERJA
Authors: Waturandang Melissa M.F , Ruata Shanti N.C
Published: June 2023

This study aims to describe pastoral work counseling for employees at PT IMS Manado who experience work stress. The method used is descriptive qualitative research method. The research subjects were employees at PT IMS Manado who experienced work stress and were given pastoral counseling assistance at work in the workplace. The results of the study show that employees who experience work stress are caused by poor interpersonal relationships which then result in decreased performance at work so that pastoral assistance is needed so that employees can understand themselves, others and God and His word. In the implementation of pastoral counseling, a confrontational counseling approach is carried out to confront clients directly with the problems they are facing and the problem solving that must be done.
Breeding biology of Red-backed Shrikes (Lanius collurio): distribution, performance and post-fledging survival in Denmark
Authors: Bloche Daniel A. F. , Thorup Kasper , Olsen Kent , Ekberg Per , Ellegaard Larsen Peter , Strange Knud-Erik , Tøttrup Anders P.
Published: June 2023

Agricultural intensification and habitat degradation across Europe have caused declines since the 20th century in populations of birds adapted to open landscapes, such as the Red-backed Shrike (Lanius collurio). Effective conservation strategies require knowledge on species’ breeding biology. To understand the status of the Danish breeding population better, we investigate which factors affect their breeding parameter (i.e. distribution, performance, post-fledging survival and behaviour). Our focus on the post-fledging period addresses present knowledge gaps due to the importance of this, yet under-studied, phase of passerines’ breeding cycle. We studied breeding pairs on different habitat types with Denmark-wide Citizen Science data, complemented by data of local projects in Northern Zealand and Northern Jutland (Denmark). Significantly fewer pairs were found in agricultural habitats and more in forests, semi-natural open habitats and synanthropic habitats. Pairs in forests had a significantly higher breeding productivity compared to agricultural or semi-natural open habitats for data from the years 2000 to 2021. Some project sites showed significantly higher number of fledglings compared to others, indicating that these sites are potential core areas for breeding productivity. Over the last two decades, the mean breeding productivity across Denmark was stable with 2.3 fledglings per successful pair. The survival rate of ringed fledglings increased during the post-fledging period, likely due to their increase in more active and independent behaviour. The relatively low breeding productivity found in this study calls for further studies including detailed data from potentially secondary habitats like agricultural areas to understand the effects of habitat on population fluctuations.
SISTEM PENGOLAHAN NILAI UNTUK KURIKULUM PAUD BERBASIS DESKTOP DENGAN MODEL WATERFALL
Authors: Junaidi Muksan SAN
Published: June 2023

The data processing of Al-Amin's Play Group student scores is still done manually, namely by handwriting on student assessment booksheets, this takes a long time and is not effective. The development of the number of students that increases from year to year requires accuracy in providing assessments without any mistakes and repetition of the same data. The purpose of this research is to design and make student assessment applications with object-oriented programming in the Al-Amin Play Group. Using the Waterfall model System Development Life Cycle (SDLC) method, the design based on the Unified Modeling Language (UML) and the Java Netbeans 8.2 programming language MySQL database. The research data includes student data, student attendance every semester from 2018 to 2019. The final result of the research is an object-oriented student assessment system that can be accessed through a laptop, personal computer (PC) device which is expected to help the foundation to facilitate data collection and processing of value data students and can see the progress of students in each semester at the Al-Amin Play Group in Kedewan Village. The system test results were declared feasible in terms of functionality, amounting to 97.9% in black box testing.
Analisa Berat Isi Dan Kuat Tekan Bata Ringan Menggunakan Foam Agent dengan Bahan Tambah Serbuk Gypsum
Authors: Prayitno Eko
Published: June 2023

The development of science and human creativity in the construction sector today has found a lot of time efficient technology and implementation that can reduce the budget for work costs. Among these technologies is the discovery and use of light bricks as construction walls. In this research, a light brick was made using foam agent as an added material. While the fine aggregate used is Bengawan Solo River sand with grading of sand that has passed a certain filter and Mount sand from Muntilan as well as gypsum powder added material. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the addition of foam agent and gypsum powder to the weight and compressive strength of lightweight bricks with a mixture of cement: Bengawan Solo river sand and cement mixture: mountain sand from Muntilan. The method used is to make a test object with a size of 5 cm × 5 cm × 5 cm. The results showed that the weight of light bricks with a foam agent mixture of 0.8% with added gypsum powder was 6.76% heavier using a mixture with Mount Muntilan sand than using Bengawan Solo river sand which only reached 1231.47 kg / m3. . While the compressive strength characteristics of lightweight bricks using gypsum powder added material using a 0.8% foam agent obtained 3.05% higher yields using a mixture of Mount Muntilan sand than using Solo River sand which only reached 10.82 MPa.
Pengaruh Variasi Kecepatan Aliran Udara Terhadap Karakteristik Pembakaran Briket Arang Daun Jati (Tectona Grandis L.F)
Authors: Sarjono Sarjono Sarjono , Widiyanto Agus
Published: June 2023

Daun jati merupakan salah satu jenis biomassa yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan bakar alternative. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menguji karakteristik pembakaran biobriket dengan variasi kecepatan aliran udara: 0,4 m/s, 0,7 m/s dan 1,0 m/s. Pengujian briket yang dilakukan meliputi: pengujian laju perubahan temperatur, pengurangan massa dan laju pembakaran arang briket daunjati. Pengujian menggunakan temperatur tungku pembakaran 400°C, kemudian dengan variasi kecepatan udara 0,4 m/s; 0,7 m/s; 1,0 m/s.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: briket dengan kecepatan aliran udara 1,0 m/s mempunyai laju pembakaran tertinggi yaitu sebesar 0,0547 gram/detik. Aliran massa udara yang dapat memenuhi kebutuhan udara kering tersebut adalah aliran udara 1,0 m/s. Laju temperatur pembakaran mengalami puncak yaitu sebesar 442,1 °C pada aliran udara 1,0 m/s. Penurunan massa akan semakin cepat juga jika kecepatan aliran udara dinaikkan. Semakin besar kecepatan aliran udara, maka pengurangan massa briket akan semakin cepat. Jika temperatur udara yang dialirkan ke ruang bakar semakin tinggi maka akan menyebabkan pengurangan massa semakin cepat pula.
Aplikasi Metode Aktivasi Secara Kimia dan Fisika, Pada Zeolit Alam Sebagai Penejrap Logam Dalam Proses Pemurnian Air
Authors: Suryani Puput Eka
Published: June 2023

Berdasarkan cara terbentuknya, zeolit dapat dibedakan menjadi dua macam yaitu zeolit alam dan zeolit buatan. Zeolit alam merupakan zeolit yang terbentuk secara alami akibat adanya perubahan alam atau dari batuan vulkanik akibat letusan gunung berapi. Zeolit alam dapat diaplikasikan sebagai sistem penjerap setelah proses aktivasi. Aktivasi zeolit alam dapat dilakukan dengan beberapa cara yaitu dengan metode pencucian asam, yang selnajtnya disebut sebagai aktivasi secara kimia. Selain itu perlakuan hidrotermal juga dapat digunakan sebagai metode aktivasi pada preparasi zeolit. Metode hidrotermal, merupakan metode pemanasan suhu tinggi untuk menghilangkan kadar air sekaligus unsur pengotor di dalam zeolit. Dalam penelitian ini akan dilakukan proses aktivasi secara kimia dan fisika untuk meningkatkan kristalinitas zeolit. Dalam aplikasinya, akan dilakukan proses penjerapan zeolit terhadap sampel air. Dari data XRD yang didapat perlakuan atau modifikasi fisika pada zeolit alam mampu menungkatkan kristalinitas yang cukup signifikan. Sebelum dilakukan modifikasi data XRD pada pengukuran sudut 2 : 10-90 deg menghasilkan puncak-puncak yang cukup tajam. Hasil prosentase menunjukkan bahwa sampel sebelum modifikasi mencapai 81,87%. Penncucian dengan aquades telah mampu menambah tingkat kristalinitas yang cukup signifikan. Pada zeolit termodifikasi dengan analisis yang sama didapatkan prosentase kristaliitas sebesar 99,24%.
Pelaksanaan Ibadah Haji Masa Hindia Belanda
Authors: Maryani Lesi , - Andriyansyah
Published: June 2023

Tulisan ini menjelaskan tentang analisa kritis atas pemikiran Snouck Hurgronje, penasehat pemerintah Hindia Belanda, tentang penyelenggaraan haji di Nusantara. Sebagai sosok yang berkecimpung lama dalam tradisi keilmuan di Mekkah, ia mempunyai cukup bekal dalam menilai bagaimana motif, perilaku serta perubahan yang dialami umat Muslim saat berhaji dan sepulangnya dari haji. Secara umum, Pemerintah Hindia Belanda menganggap para haji sebagai sumber pembuat masalah sosial. Dengan menghentikan peredarannya, maka dapat mengurangi ancaman atas rust en orde. Snouck tidak sepakat dengan anggapan itu dan justru menyarankan agar pemerintah lebih memfasilitasi keberangkatan haji di Nusantara. Artikel ini ditulis setelah melewati fase penelitian sejarah yang bertumpu pada kegiatan mencari sumber, kritik sumber, interpretasi dan penulisan sejarah. 

This paper describes a critical analysis  of the thoughts of Snouck Hurgronje, advisor to the Dutch East Indies government, on the implementation of Hajj in the archipelago. As a long-time scholarly in Mecca, he is well-equipped to assess the motives, behaviours and changes Muslims experience during Hajj and after returning from Hajj. In general, the Dutch East Indies government regarded the pilgrims as a source of social trouble-making. By stopping its circulation, it can reduce the threat of rust en order. Snouck did not agree with this assumption and instead suggested that the government facilitate more Hajj departures in the archipelago. This article was written after passing through the phase of historical research which relies on the activities of finding sources, source criticism, interpretation and writing history.
Strategi Keamanan Maritim Singapura Dan Dampaknya Bagi Indonesia
Authors: Komojoyo Pradito
Published: June 2023

National security is still a major part of every country in the world, including Singapore, in realizing its country's goals. Singapore, as an archipelagic country in Southeast Asia, views the level of maritime security as key to maintaining the stability of its national security. However, the efforts made by Singapore to maintain its maritime security position rub against other countries around it, including Indonesia. This position can further harm Indonesia. This research uses the descriptive qualitative analysis method. This paper looks at how Singapore's efforts to strengthen its maritime capabilities as an extension of its national security can affect Indonesia's sovereign territory.

Keamanan Nasional masih menjadi bagian utama bagi setiap negara di dunia, tidak terkecuali Singapura dalam mewujudkan tujuan negaranya. Singapura sebagai salah satu negara kepulauan di Asia Tenggara memandang bahwa tingkat keamanan maritim menjadi kunci dalam menjaga stabilitas keamanan nasionalnya. Namun, upaya-upaya yang dilakukan oleh Singapura dalam mempertahankan posisi keamanan maritimnya bergesekan dengan negara-negara disekitarnya, termasuk Indonesia. Posisi ini selanjutnya dapat merugikan Indonesia. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian dengan menggunakan metode analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Pada tulisan ini melihat bagaimana upaya Singapura yang memperkuat kemampuan maritimnya sebagai penjabaran keamanan nasionalnya dapat mempengaruhi wilayah kedaulatan Indonesia.
Does spatial thinking ability relate to performance when using web-mapping services? A survey with digital natives
Authors: Tomai Eleni , Kokla Margarita , Charcharos Christos , Kavouras Marinos
Published: June 2023

Abstract. We present the design and implementation of an empirical synchronous remote study for exploring the relation between spatial ability and performance on web-mapping services involving undergraduate University students; digital natives. The study exploits Spatial Thinking Ability Test to assess participants’ spatial ability and to reveal if and to what extent it is related to their ability to perform tasks on popular web-mapping services. Participants’ performance was assessed on the basis (a) of successfully executing tasks and (b) of how much time participants needed to properly perform tasks. A usability scale was used to measure participants’ subjective perceptions of web-mapping services usability. Moreover, participants were self-assessed in digital skills using the Digital Natives Assessment Scale. Results reveal differences among services in task accuracy indicating that not only the web-mapping service but also the nature of tasks guide participants’ performance. Correlations between spatial ability, digital skills, system usability, familiarity, and performance using web mapping services tend to be low and not significant leading to the assumption that success when interacting with a web mapping service is underlined by other factors as well.
Spatial Accessibility Assessment of Homecare Workers to the Older Population in the City of Zurich
Authors: Allahbakhshi Hoda , Senn Joris , Maiani Nicola , Georgescu Alexandra
Published: June 2023

Abstract. Access to homecare is paramount for the older population wishing not to move to retirement homes. In Zurich, the organization “Spitex Zürich” is the public homecare provider, allowing the older population to experience high-quality life at home through regular visits. A major factor for ensuring self-determined living for the older population consists of a detailed understanding of the spatial accessibility to Spitex locations. Therefore, this paper is concerned with applying four different FCA methods for assessing the spatial accessibility of Spitex homecare workers to people aged 65 + in Zurich through the road and bike networks. The modified-Huff-model-three-step-FCA method is found to be best suited for modeling potential spatial accessibility in Zurich. Spatial accessibility index values show similar geographical distributions regardless of transportation mode. The neighborhoods of Seebach and Hottingen are identified as regions with relatively low spatial accessibility. Our findings contribute to a better understanding of the interpretation and the measurement of spatial accessibility, thereby facilitating autonomous living for the older population residing in Zurich, ultimately increasing the inclusiveness of the city.
Predicting Pedestrian Counts using Machine Learning
Authors: Asher Molly , Oswald Yannick , Malleson Nick
Published: June 2023

Abstract. The study of urban population dynamics has long been an important area of research. In particular, the ability to accurately predict the number of pedestrians in a place and time is critical for urban management, population health, crime, and for quantifying the impacts of public events. However, it can be extremely difficult to analyse the size and characteristics of the ambient population due to limited data availability and difficulties in capturing non-linear relationships between pedestrian counts and external factors. This paper reports on an ongoing project that is using machine learning techniques to: (i) better understand the impact that the built environment and other contextual factors, such as weather conditions, will have on the size of the pedestrian population during the day and; (ii) predict the number of pedestrians under different conditions. The case study area is the city of Melbourne, Australia, where abundant pedestrian count data exist. Early results demonstrate that, broadly, the model appears to perform sufficiently well to be useful, and that modelling errors are not consistent across space or time (some times/places are easier to predict than others).
Analysis of cycling network evolution in OpenStreetMap through a data quality prism
Authors: Bres Raphaël , Peralta Veronika , Le-Guilcher Arnaud , Devogele Thomas , Olteanu Raimond Ana-Maria , de Runz Cyril
Published: June 2023

Abstract. Cycling practice has been constantly increasing for several years and the COVID crisis has just accelerated the process. Indeed, more and more municipalities have developed new cycle paths to facilitate cycling. Considering this increasing interest for cycling, it makes sense to study how this recent evolution is reflected in the underlying representation of the cycling network in the geographic databases. Main studies analysing the evolution of the road network focus on the motor vehicle network in the major cities of the world. These studies do not seem applicable to cycling network specially to some low population density areas or even to smaller cities. This paper analyses the changes in the cycling network through OSM data from a data freshness perspective. These changes can be either updates from changes in the real-world network or upgrades to the network. To these end, we propose a method using a Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) to analyse the frequency of changes in cycling routes in several areas with different population density, all in the Loire Valley region in France. We also define the cycling network, which is a very complex concept and we explain how it is represented in OSM data and suffers from different data quality issues. Results show that the number of changes across time are similar in areas having a similar population density, while being lower in low population density areas. These phenomena is higher in the cycling network compared to other networks.
Thinking Geographically about AI Sustainability
Authors: Shi Meilin , Currier Kitty , Liu Zilong , Janowicz Krzysztof , Wiedemann Nina , Verstegen Judith , McKenzie Grant , Graser Anita , Zhu Rui , Mai Gengchen
Published: June 2023

Abstract. Driven by foundation models, recent progress in AI and machine learning has reached unprecedented complexity. For instance, the GPT-3 language model consists of 175 billion parameters and a training-data size of 570 GB. While it has achieved remarkable performance in generating text that is difficult to distinguish from human-authored content, a single training of the model is estimated to produce over 550 metric tons of CO2 emissions. Likewise, we see advances in GeoAI research improving large-scale prediction tasks like satellite image classification and global climate modeling, to name but a couple. While these models have not yet reached comparable complexity and emissions levels, spatio-temporal models differ from language and image-generation models in several ways that make it necessary to (re)train them more often, with potentially large implications for sustainability. While recent work in the machine learning community has started calling for greener and more energy-efficient AI alongside improvements in model accuracy, this trend has not yet reached the GeoAI community at large. In this work, we bring this issue to not only the attention of the GeoAI community but also present ethical considerations from a geographic perspective that are missing from the broader, ongoing AI-sustainability discussion. To start this discussion, we propose a framework to evaluate models from several sustainability-related angles, including energy efficiency, carbon intensity, transparency, and social implications. We encourage future AI/GeoAI work to acknowledge its environmental impact as a step towards a more resource-conscious society. Similar to the current push for reproducibility, future publications should also report the energy/carbon costs of improvements over prior work.
Exploring Estonian Forests and Urban Green Spaces: A Cultural Ecosystem Services Mapping Approach Using Flickr Photographs
Authors: Sitab Tahmin , Karasov Oleksandr , Kmoch Alexander
Published: June 2023

Abstract. With the increasing use of social media, we can analyze digital data to gain insights into social and cultural aspects of landscapes and cities. The understanding of the existing cultural ecosystem services (CES) can help improve human life quality through proper planning and execution of plans. This study aims to locate CES produced by Estonian forests and urban green spaces using Flickr photographs. Quantitative analysis of Flickr photos identified hot spots within the study area and determined the suitable distance of CES accessibility. CES were categorized into four categories: recreation, sense of identity, aesthetic pleasure, and education. The results showed aesthetic pleasure and sense of identity were the most identified CES, while recreation and education were identified less. Factors such as population density, seasonal variation, biodiversity, accessibility, and facilities can impact the identification of CES. While social media data has limitations, combining qualitative research methods with surveys and questionnaires can provide a more well-rounded result. The findings can help stakeholders make better plans and management policies for Estonian forests and urban green spaces.
Evaporation measurement and modelling of an alpine saline lake influenced by freeze–thaw on the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau
Authors: Shi Fangzhong , Li Xiaoyan , Zhao Shaojie , Ma Yujun , Wei Junqi , Liao Qiwen , Chen Deliang
Published: June 2023

Abstract. Saline lakes on the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau (QTP) profoundly affect the regional climate and water cycle through loss of water (E, evaporation under ice–free (IF) and sublimation under ice–covered (IC) conditions). Due to the observation difficulty over lakes, E and its underlying driving forces are seldom studied targeting saline lakes on the QTP, particularly during the IC. In this study, E of Qinghai Lake (QHL) and its influencing factors during the IF and IC were first quantified based on six years of observations. Subsequently, two models were chosen and applied in simulating E and its response to climate variation during the IF and IC from 2003 to 2017. The annual E sum of QHL is 768.58 ± 28.73 mm, and E sum during the IC reaches 175.22 ± 45.98 mm, accounting for 23 % of the annual E sum. The E is mainly controlled by the wind speed, vapor pressure difference, and air pressure during the IF, but driven by the net radiation, the difference between the air and lake surface temperatures, wind speed, and ice coverage during the IC. The mass transfer model simulates lake E well during the IF, and the model based on energy achieves a good simulation during the IC. Moreover, wind speed weakening results in an 11.14 % decrease in E during the IC of 2003–2017. Our results highlight the importance of E in IC, provide new insights into saline lake E in alpine regions, and can be used as a reference to further improve hydrological models of alpine lakes.
Seasonal dynamics and spatial patterns of soil moisture in a loess catchment
Authors: Liu Shaozhen , van Meerveld Ilja , Zhao Yali , Wang Yunqiang , Kirchner James W.
Published: June 2023

Abstract. The spatial patterns and temporal dynamics of soil moisture in loess landscapes are not well understood. In this study, volumetric soil moisture was monitored monthly for 6.5 years at 20 cm intervals between the surface and 500 cm depth at 89 sites across a small (0.43 km2) catchment on the Chinese Loess Plateau. The median soil moisture was computed for each month for each monitoring site as a measure of typical soil moisture conditions. Seasonal changes in soil moisture were mainly concentrated in the shallow (0–100 cm) soil, with a clear seasonal separation between wet conditions in October–March and dry conditions in May–July, even though precipitation is highest in July–August. Soil moisture was higher on northwest-facing slopes, due to increased drying from solar radiation on southeast-facing slopes. This effect of slope aspect was greater between October and March, when the zenith angle of the sun was lower and the aspect-dependent contrast in solar radiation reaching the surface was larger. The wetter, northwest-facing slopes were also characterized by larger annual soil moisture storage changes. Soil texture was nearly uniform across both slopes, and soil moisture was not correlated with the topographic wetness index, suggesting that variations in evapotranspiration dominated the spatial pattern of soil moisture in shallow soils during both wet and dry conditions. Water balance calculations indicate that over 90 % of annual precipitation was seasonally cycled in the soil between 0 and 300 cm, suggesting that only a minor fraction infiltrates to groundwater and becomes streamflow. Our findings may be broadly applicable to loess regions with monsoonal climates, and may have practical implications for catchment-scale hydrologic modeling and the design of soil moisture monitoring networks.
Da compaixão à incompaixão
Authors: Paixão Alexandre Silva da
Published: June 2023

João Caetano, ator carioca e criador do teatro brasileiro, em 1835, encenou e dirigiu em São João de Itaboraí, Rio de Janeiro, Otelo de Ducis. Por intermédio dessa encenação, muitos se interessaram pelo drama, tornando-se foco de leituras, estudos, encenações e imitações por vários dramaturgos e escritores, a exemplo de Álvares de Azevedo (1821-1852). Esta pesquisa se alinha à Literatura comparada e à Estética da recepção com o intuito de estabelecer relações de Otelo com a obra azevediana que pertence à segunda geração romântica brasileira. Ademais, fundamenta-se nos estudos de Brunel (2012), Carvalhal (2006), Compagnon (1996), Nitrini (2021), Samoyault (2008) e Sant’anna (2008). Analisaram-se qualitativamente alguns textos do poeta paulista para verificar semelhanças e dessemelhanças entre os autores, com o objetivo de entender as razões pelas quais o jovem escritor fez essas menções incisivas à tragédia supracitada e quais foram os procedimentos e sentidos sui generis aplicados e atribuídos na apropriação. Dessa forma, observaram-se duas citações diretas provenientes de O poema do Frade (2000) e de O Conde Lopo (2000) ligadas às personagens shakespearianas que recebem um destaque central neste trabalho.
Memorialistas antigos
Authors: Fávero Afonso Henrique
Published: June 2023

A literatura de memórias no Brasil alcançou já uma acentuada qualidade em nosso tempo. Mas nem sempre foi assim. Poucos autores importantes havia antes de um Graciliano Ramos ou um Pedro Nava. Neste artigo busca-se uma pequena abordagem de nomes surgidos nos anos de 1930, que de algum modo contribuíram para o desenvolvimento do gênero entre nós, ainda que suas obras não tenham atingido estofo artístico dos mais elevados.
Monotongação do ditongo decrescente oral [eɪ̯] na fala e na leitura em voz alta de universitários sergipanos
Authors: Souza Victor Renê Andrade
Published: June 2023

A monotongação do ditongo decrescente oral [eɪ̯ ] já foi amplamente investigada em dados de fala no português brasileiro. Os estudos apontam uma forte influência do contexto seguinte ao ditongo constituído por [ɾ] e pelas consoantes fricativas pós-alveolares [ʃ, ʒ] e sinalizam uma interferência do nível de escolarização do falante. Apesar da ampla descrição do fenômeno em dados de fala, os condicionamentos do processo foram pouco explorados na situação de leitura em voz alta. Diante disso, neste estudo analisamos a monotongação do ditongo decrescente oral [eɪ̯] na fala e na leitura em voz alta de 12 universitários sergipanos, com o objetivo de investigar se há diferença nos condicionamentos do processo nos diferentes contextos estilísticos. A categorização das variantes foi desenvolvida considerando a trajetória dos formantes, parâmetro acústico que caracteriza os ditongos acusticamente, por meio da inspeção visual do espectrograma de banda larga do Praat. Apesar das restrições da amostra de leitura em voz alta, os condicionamentos do processo seguiram a mesma direção em ambos os contextos, sobretudo no que diz respeito à influência do contexto seguinte ao ditongo constituído por tepe e pelas fricativas pós-alveolares.
مضامين البرامج الاثنوغرافية في القنوات الوثائقية: قناتي الجزيرة الوثائقية وWD الوثائقية أنموذجا - دراسة تحليلية
Authors: خميس محمد كرحوت  , حسين علي نور
Published: June 2023

تسعى هذه الدراسة الى التعرف على ابرز مضامين البرامج في القنوات الوثائقية وبالأخص البرامج الاثنوغرافية والتي تتناول عادات والقيم وانماط الحياة لدى الشعوب والجماعات الغربية والتي تعتبر مادة اعلامية ثرية بالمعلومات التي تتناول كيفية رسم صورة ذهنية عن حياة الشعوب وابرز الاحداث التاريخية والسياسية والاجتماعية بتتابع زمني يرتبط ارتباطاَ مباشراً بالحاضر ويوفر معلومات وافكار تساهم في تغيير الاتجاهات الفكرية لشعوب حول انماط الحياة لشعوب اخرى ،صمم الباحث استمارة تحليلية تضمنت عدة فئات فيما يخص مضامين البرامج الاثنوغرافية واساليبها وسلبيات السرد فيها والصورة الذهنية التي تقدمها للمجتمعات وانواع الموضوعات السياسية المطروحة فيها وايضاَ الموضوعات الاجتماعية والثقافية والاقتصادية والتاريخية والبيئية والدينية وايضاً تطرقت هذه الدراسة لاهم اهداف البرامج الاثنوغرافية، وقد تم فرز البيانات وتحليها والتأكد من ثباتها باستخدام الاساليب الاحصائية وهي النسب والتكرارات للخروج بنتائج تفيد هدف البحث