bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Guía Didáctica de Herramientas Educomunicativas
Authors: Silva Jurado Rodolfo Jaime , Silva Jurado Darwin José , Basurto Quinteros Janina Magdalena , Silva Jurado Moisés Daniel
Published: April 2023

No puede existir proceso educacional sin que la comunicación esté presente. Los procesos de enseñanza – aprendizaje se dan mediante la utilización o implementación de medios para la comunicación, bien sean tradicionales como las palabras, los gentos, la expresión visual entre otros, o medios más innovadores como las TIC o las TAC, y, la disposición de quienes participan en dichos procesos pedagógicos. En este sentido, la comunicación que el educador instaura con su alumnado constituye un elemento de vital importancia para el éxito de la sesión de aprendizaje.
Considerando que la educación en materia de comunicación o Educomunicación establece un espacio de aprendizaje y desarrollo personal, que permite a los participantes la construcción y apropiación de los contenidos a través de la interacción, se construyó este material de apoyo pedagógico que proporciona un listado de herramientas comunicacionales, metodologías de enseñanza e instrumentos para valorar el proceso de aprendizaje. A su vez que, para la planificación y el desarrollo de los contenidos, se sugieren actividades que promueven la participación, acciones colaborativas y cooperativas que dan paso a la creatividad, la creación y la recreación.
De lo experimental a lo creativo
Authors: Serrano-Macias Joaquin Humberto
Published: April 2023

La continuidad de este proceso investigativo tiene como principal interés mantener los cuestionamientos generados a partir del quehacer de las artes y la docencia tanto en los niveles básicos como superior. En ese contexto se abordan varios acápites que dan una lectura enfocada a las artes de los procesos que impulsaron la reforma curricular de 2016 y que insertaron dentro del discurso educativo terminologías como la multiculturalidad, diversidad, entre otras que impulsan la inserción de las prácticas artísticas como parte esencial del perfil de salida del subnivel básico educativo y los siguientes niveles hasta el universitario como metodología activa. Sin embargo, desde la praxis, se identificaron factores ajenos al currículo que no permean las actividades artísticas y dejan estas como actividades lúdicas pero ornamentales para una comunidad, dejando de lado su valor afectivo, creativo e innovador para la resolución de problemas a partir del concepto de aprender jugando desde las artes con aplicaciones significativas.
Fortalecimiento del proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de Lengua y Literatura de los estudiantes de séptimo de EGB
Authors: Macías Bermello Evelyn
Published: April 2023

El presente trabajo aborda la temática en torno al uso de las TIC con la Gestión de comunidades de aprendizaje para innovar la práctica docente en el área de Lengua y Literatura.
La importancia de innovar en la práctica docente y el aprender en conjunto permitió propone que se implemente un programa de capacitación a partir de innovación desde los recursos educativos y la integración de las TIC, con el fin de aportar a la actualización de conocimientos y manejo de herramientas virtuales con los alumnos.
A través del método de investigación acción-participativa se identificó que para solucionar la falta de competencias digitales en los docentes y desconocimiento en plataformas digitales es necesario crear una base de recursos de acceso abierto.
Con la aplicación del proyecto de innovación, los resultados obtenidos denotan la importancia de manejar dichas herramientas tecnológicas no solo para mejorar los aprendizajes en los estudiantes y sino también para mejorar la práctica mediante una comunidad de aprendizaje.
Implementation of a training plan for the use of ICT within the teaching-learning process for teachers of the U.E. Lautaro Aspiazu Sedeno
Authors: Cervantes-Vergara Martha Magaly
Published: April 2023

The following proposal is designed from the educational environment and proposes a recognition and management of technological educational tools within the teaching-learning process.  This project takes a journey from the recognition of ICT and its importance for its multiple benefits to improve quality in education. The training plan for the training of digital educational resources, competencies that will allow teachers pedagogical innovation resorts to making use of different resources or applications to create content according to their needs and requirements thereby increasing the level of education, serving students in their different contexts in a timely manner, significantly converting traditional education into modern education with the use of ICT. 
The course was structured in five units, the first "Fundamentals of ICT", the second "Internet and Education" the third "Digital Educational Resources", fourth "Workspace Tools", fifth "Tools for the creation of digital educational content": The course has a final evaluation applying the methodology of flipped classroom which promotes autonomous, flexible and practical learning,  For this reason, activities with multimedia and interactive information that cause interest and motivation in the participants are proposed.
Pourquoi insérer la composante interculturelle dans la classe de FLE ?
Authors: Martínez-Santos Rosa Elena
Published: April 2023

L’enseignement des langues étrangères devrait s’inscrire dans le courant de la diversité culturelle, comme vecteur de démocratisation d’une éducation diverse qui s’érige sur le principe de l’altérité.  La culture est un ensemble des principes et des conventions qui orientent les interactions  des acteurs sociaux.  Elle  est le repère à partir duquel nous interprétons les comportements d’autrui.
L'enseignement des langues en général et du français en particulier doit répondre aux besoins d’apprentissage, communicatifs et linguistiques des apprenants. Le Cadre Européen Commun de Référence pour les Langues (CECRL) met en exergue le respect de la diversité linguistique et culturelle, cela n’empêche que nous ne soyons pas encore au point en ce qui concerne l’application réelle des principes divers dans la conception des manuels, méthodologie et techniques d’évaluation.
 De ce fait, la composante interculturelle devrait être transversale   aux programmes d’enseignement du FLE. Si les enseignants étaient   formés dans le domaine interculturel nous serions  capables de nous  mettre au diapason des besoins d’apprentissage des apprenants.  Cela étant,  les enseignants de langues assurent des espaces d’apprentissage    favorisant  l’établissement des liens plus solides et vis -à -vis de la culture de l’autre.
EIL based on research creation-projects that facilitate English learning and intercultural revitalization for Ecuadorian communities through the arts
Authors: Intriago-Cañizares Fernando
Published: April 2023

UAProyectKids is an EFL community outreach action research project based on the creation of artistic and pedagogical material for learning the English language from Ecuador’s local intercultural experiences. It was implemented at an art’s public university in Guayaquil, Ecuador, where students from different artistic careers take English classes in order to graduate with a B1 level, but also to engage in transdisciplinary practice and creation with this foreign language.  A collaborative methodological approach was used to determine how students should create these pedagogical resources while practicing their English in the process of creation throughout the semester. Results were measured by formative examinations and other instruments to record students’ perceptions on project based learning and collaborative sessions from the pedagogical innovation strategy.
Furthermore, inter institutional cooperation and feedback enabled students to improve the quality of their projects, which included final products such as vocabulary flashcards, illustrated tales, audio books, and animated short films. Moreover, organized field trips to different communities and schools in the coastal and highland regions of Ecuador were able to guarantee the replication of the creative model for practicing English from relevant intercultural contexts that were worked with community members and children. This article is a must-read for any teacher or researcher interested in knowing about project-based learning experiences and its applications in the EFL field. It is also intended for institutions seeking to implement pedagogical innovations that help students awaken their collaborative learning by paying it forward to other learning communities.
The Longitudinal and Multimodal Age Groups Study of Personality Architecture and Dynamics (SPeADy)
Authors: Wiechers Yannik , Zapko-Willmes Alexandra , Richter Julia , Kandler Christian
Published: April 2023

The “Study of Personality Architecture and Dynamics” (SPeADy) aims at testing theory-based differences between core dispositions and surface characteristics of personality and examining their associations across time and in the context of major life experiences. For this purpose, SPeADy encompasses several constructs, such as Big Five domains and facets, motives, values, religiosity, self-concepts, and life events. SPeADy contains an age groups and an extended twin family study, with the former being this paper's focus. The longitudinal and multi-rater design of the age groups study allows the empirical examinations of core dispositions of personality on the basis of six criteria. Cutting-edge findings are described. First (2016–2018) and second wave (2018–2020) data are available as a scientific use file. Self-reports were provided by 3,026 participants (60% female; age: 14–89 years). The third data-collection wave ends in 2022. This paper provides an overview of SPeADy's scientific issues and use for the research community.
Is (Actual or Perceptual) Personality Similarity Associated With Attraction in Initial Romantic Encounters? A Dyadic Response Surface Analysis
Authors: Humberg Sarah , Gerlach Tanja M. , Franke-Prasse Theresa , Geukes Katharina , Back Mitja D.
Published: April 2023

A central assumption in lay and psychological theories is that people are attracted to potential mates who are similar to themselves in personality traits. However, the empirical findings on this idea have been inconclusive. Only a few studies have considered real-life dating contexts, and the statistical approaches they applied have sometimes spuriously identified similarity effects. In our study, 397 heterosexual singles (aged 18–28) participated in real speed-dates (N_dates = 940). Using dyadic response surface analysis, we investigated effects of actual similarity (similarity between self-reported personality trait levels) and perceptual similarity (similarity between an actor's personality and his/her perception of the partner's personality) concerning the Big Five traits. Neither type of similarity was related to initial romantic attraction. That is, the empirical evidence contradicted the idea that attraction occurs when people's personalities match. We conclude that understanding initial attraction requires a deeper understanding of interpersonal dynamics in first encounters.
Pigment cell progenitor heterogeneity and reiteration of developmental signaling underlie melanocyte regeneration in zebrafish
Authors: Frantz William Tyler , Iyengar Sharanya , Neiswender James , Cousineau Alyssa , Maehr René , Ceol Craig J
Published: April 2023

Tissue-resident stem and progenitor cells are present in many adult organs, where they are important for organ homeostasis and repair in response to injury. However, the signals that activate these cells and the mechanisms governing how these cells renew or differentiate are highly context-dependent and incompletely understood, particularly in non-hematopoietic tissues. In the skin, melanocyte stem and progenitor cells are responsible for replenishing mature pigmented melanocytes. In mammals, these cells reside in the hair follicle bulge and bulb niches where they are activated during homeostatic hair follicle turnover and following melanocyte destruction, as occurs in vitiligo and other skin hypopigmentation disorders. Recently, we identified melanocyte progenitors in adult zebrafish skin. To elucidate mechanisms governing melanocyte progenitor renewal and differentiation we analyzed individual transcriptomes from thousands of melanocyte lineage cells during the regeneration process. We identified transcriptional signatures for progenitors, deciphered transcriptional changes and intermediate cell states during regeneration, and analyzed cell–cell signaling changes to discover mechanisms governing melanocyte regeneration. We identified KIT signaling via the RAS/MAPK pathway as a regulator of melanocyte progenitor direct differentiation and asymmetric division. Our findings show how activation of different subpopulations of mitfa-positive cells underlies cellular transitions required to properly reconstitute the melanocyte pigmentary system following injury.
Weakening of the cognition and height association from 1957 to 2018: Findings from four British birth cohort studies
Authors: Bann David , Wright Liam , Davies Neil M , Moulton Vanessa
Published: April 2023

Background:

Taller individuals have been repeatedly found to have higher scores on cognitive assessments. Recent studies have suggested that this association can be explained by genetic factors, yet this does not preclude the influence of environmental or social factors that may change over time. We thus tested whether the association changed across time using data from four British birth cohorts (born in 1946, 1958, 1970, and 2001).

Methods:

In each cohort height was measured and cognition via verbal reasoning, vocabulary/comprehension, and mathematical tests; at ages 10/11 and 14/17 years (N=41,418). We examined associations between height and cognition at each age, separately in each cohort, and for each cognitive test administered. Linear and quantile regression models were used.

Results:

Taller participants had higher mean cognitive assessment scores in childhood and adolescence, yet the associations were weaker in later (1970 and 2001) cohorts. For example, the mean difference in height comparing the highest with lowest verbal cognition scores at 10/11 years was 0.57 SD (95% CI = 0.44–0.70) in the 1946 cohort, yet 0.30 SD (0.23–0.37) in the 2001 cohort. Expressed alternatively, there was a reduction in correlation from 0.17 (0.15–0.20) to 0.08 (0.06–0.10). This pattern of change in the association was observed across all ages and cognition measures used, was robust to adjustment for social class and parental height, and modeling of plausible missing-not-at-random scenarios. Quantile regression analyses suggested that these differences were driven by differences in the lower centiles of height, where environmental influence may be greatest.

Conclusions:

Associations between height and cognitive assessment scores in childhood-adolescence substantially weakened from 1957–2018. These results support the notion that environmental and social change can markedly weaken associations between cognition and other traits.

Funding:

DB is supported by the Economic and Social Research Council (grant number ES/M001660/1); DB and LW by the Medical Research Council (MR/V002147/1). The Medical Research Council (MRC) and the University of Bristol support the MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit [MC_UU_00011/1]. NMD is supported by an Norwegian Research Council Grant number 295989. VM is supported by the CLOSER Innovation Fund WP19 which is funded by the Economic and Social Research Council (award reference: ES/K000357/1) and Economic and Social Research Council (ES/M001660/1). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
Exploring the role of the outer subventricular zone during cortical folding through a physics-based model
Authors: Zarzor Mohammad Saeed , Blumcke Ingmar , Budday Silvia
Published: April 2023

The human brain has a highly complex structure both on the microscopic and on the macroscopic scales. Increasing evidence has suggested the role of mechanical forces for cortical folding – a classical hallmark of the human brain. However, the link between cellular processes at the microscale and mechanical forces at the macroscale remains insufficiently understood. Recent findings suggest that an additional proliferating zone, the outer subventricular zone (OSVZ), is decisive for the particular size and complexity of the human cortex. To better understand how the OSVZ affects cortical folding, we establish a multifield computational model that couples cell proliferation in different zones and migration at the cell scale with growth and cortical folding at the organ scale by combining an advection-diffusion model with the theory of finite growth. We validate our model based on data from histologically stained sections of the human fetal brain and predict 3D pattern formation. Finally, we address open questions regarding the role of the OSVZ for the formation of cortical folds. The presented framework not only improves our understanding of human brain development, but could eventually help diagnose and treat neuronal disorders arising from disruptions in cellular development and associated malformations of cortical development.
The effect of weight loss following 18 months of lifestyle intervention on brain age assessed with resting-state functional connectivity
Authors: Levakov Gidon , Kaplan Alon , Yaskolka Meir Anat , Rinott Ehud , Tsaban Gal , Zelicha Hila , Blüher Matthias , Ceglarek Uta , Stumvoll Michael , Shelef Ilan , Avidan Galia , Shai Iris
Published: April 2023

Background:

Obesity negatively impacts multiple bodily systems, including the central nervous system. Retrospective studies that estimated chronological age from neuroimaging have found accelerated brain aging in obesity, but it is unclear how this estimation would be affected by weight loss following a lifestyle intervention.

Methods:

In a sub-study of 102 participants of the Dietary Intervention Randomized Controlled Trial Polyphenols Unprocessed Study (DIRECT-PLUS) trial, we tested the effect of weight loss following 18 months of lifestyle intervention on predicted brain age based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-assessed resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC). We further examined how dynamics in multiple health factors, including anthropometric measurements, blood biomarkers, and fat deposition, can account for changes in brain age.

Results:

To establish our method, we first demonstrated that our model could successfully predict chronological age from RSFC in three cohorts (n=291;358;102). We then found that among the DIRECT-PLUS participants, 1% of body weight loss resulted in an 8.9 months’ attenuation of brain age. Attenuation of brain age was significantly associated with improved liver biomarkers, decreased liver fat, and visceral and deep subcutaneous adipose tissues after 18 months of intervention. Finally, we showed that lower consumption of processed food, sweets and beverages were associated with attenuated brain age.

Conclusions:

Successful weight loss following lifestyle intervention might have a beneficial effect on the trajectory of brain aging.

Funding:

The German Research Foundation (DFG), German Research Foundation - project number 209933838 - SFB 1052; B11, Israel Ministry of Health grant 87472511 (to I Shai); Israel Ministry of Science and Technology grant 3-13604 (to I Shai); and the California Walnuts Commission 09933838 SFB 105 (to I Shai).
Characterisation of an Escherichia coli line that completely lacks ribonucleotide reduction yields insights into the evolution of parasitism and endosymbiosis
Authors: Arras Samantha DM , Sibaeva Nellie , Catchpole Ryan J , Horinouchi Nobuyuki , Si Dayong , Rickerby Alannah M , Deguchi Kengo , Hibi Makoto , Tanaka Koichi , Takeuchi Michiki , Ogawa Jun , Poole Anthony M
Published: April 2023

Life requires ribonucleotide reduction for de novo synthesis of deoxyribonucleotides. As ribonucleotide reduction has on occasion been lost in parasites and endosymbionts, which are instead dependent on their host for deoxyribonucleotide synthesis, it should in principle be possible to knock this process out if growth media are supplemented with deoxyribonucleosides. We report the creation of a strain of Escherichia coli where all three ribonucleotide reductase operons have been deleted following introduction of a broad spectrum deoxyribonucleoside kinase from Mycoplasma mycoides. Our strain shows slowed but substantial growth in the presence of deoxyribonucleosides. Under limiting deoxyribonucleoside levels, we observe a distinctive filamentous cell morphology, where cells grow but do not appear to divide regularly. Finally, we examined whether our lines can adapt to limited supplies of deoxyribonucleosides, as might occur in the switch from de novo synthesis to dependence on host production during the evolution of parasitism or endosymbiosis. Over the course of an evolution experiment, we observe a 25-fold reduction in the minimum concentration of exogenous deoxyribonucleosides necessary for growth. Genome analysis reveals that several replicate lines carry mutations in deoB and cdd. deoB codes for phosphopentomutase, a key part of the deoxyriboaldolase pathway, which has been hypothesised as an alternative to ribonucleotide reduction for deoxyribonucleotide synthesis. Rather than complementing the loss of ribonucleotide reduction, our experiments reveal that mutations appear that reduce or eliminate the capacity for this pathway to catabolise deoxyribonucleotides, thus preventing their loss via central metabolism. Mutational inactivation of both deoB and cdd is also observed in a number of obligate intracellular bacteria that have lost ribonucleotide reduction. We conclude that our experiments recapitulate key evolutionary steps in the adaptation to life without ribonucleotide reduction.
Intertidal habitat complexity influences the density of the non-native crabHemigrapsus sanguineus
Authors: Towne Zachary W. , Judge Michael L. , O’Connor Nancy J.
Published: April 2023

Habitat structural complexity can provide protection from predators, potentially affecting population density of native and non-native prey. The invasive Asian shore crab,Hemigrapsus sanguineus, occurs in variable densities in the rocky intertidal zone of eastern North America and northern Europe, often in densities greater than in its native range. The present study examined the influence of habitat complexity on the density ofH. sanguineus. Artificial shelters of concrete pavers with stones arranged in increasing complexity were deployed in the intertidal zone along a rocky shore in southeastern Massachusetts, USA, for 21 consecutive weekly intervals in 2020. Crabs consistently reached the highest densities in the most complex shelters despite their lower internal surface area. In addition, crabs exhibited shelter selectivity based on body size, with large crabs occupying artificial shelters in greater numbers than adjacent natural substrate. In a subsequent lab study, crab activity over 1 h was observed in the presence of the same artificial shelters, under simulated tidal conditions. Shelter complexity had little influence on the number of crabs under the pavers although crabs were more active when submerged in water than exposed to air. These results show that crab density increases as habitat complexity increases, and complexity may serve as a predictor ofH. sanguineusdensity but not short-term behavior.
Tesis La vivienda y el barrio del adulto mayor en Concepción : el entorno cercano como generador de encuentros
Authors:   ,   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Escuela de Arquitectura, Barchiesi Chávez Caterina
Published: April 2023

Los adultos mayores reducen significativamente su participación en la vida pública conforme se van envejeciendo, lo que les trae distintos niveles de deterioro tanto mental como físico. Ante esta realidad, la investigación busca decantar en un proyecto de arquitectura que abarque desde la escala más pública que es la inserción al barrio, hasta la escala más privada de la vivienda, para potenciar el roce social del adulto mayor en base al desarrollo proyectual de su entorno cercano. Así, el proyecto se sustenta en entender la participación pública del adulto mayor como motor para un envejecimiento activo. Este tema abarca una dimensión mayor cuando vemos que la pirámide poblacional se está invirtiendo aceleradamente en Chile, y que, además, el índice de calidad de vida de los adultos mayores ha venido decayendo los últimos años en nuestro país.
Qubit generation and photon cooling in a Ramsey interferometer
Authors:   ,   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Instituto de Física, Oyarce Andrade Felipe Ignacio
Published: April 2023

In this thesis, we propose a realizable experimental scheme to prepare a superposition of the vacuum and one-photon states using a typical cavity QED-setup. This is different from previous schemes, where the superposition state of the field is generated by resonant atom-field interaction and the cavity is initially empty. Here, we consider only dispersive atom-field interaction and the initial state of the cavity field is coherent. Then, we determine the parameters to prepare the desired state via atomic post-selection. We also include the effect of cavity losses and detection imperfections in our analysis against which this preparation of the optical qubit in a real Fabry-Perot superconducting cavity is robust. In addition, we show that this scheme can be used for the preparation of other photon number Fock state superpositions. In short, our task is achieved with high fidelity and a post-selection probability within experimental reach. With the same scheme, we propose to cool the cavity field to its ground state starting from a thermal distribution by a dispersive atom-field coupling followed by an atomic post-selection. We also analyze the effect of the cavity and atomic losses. The proposed experiment can be realized with real parameters with high fidelity.
Green Synthesis and Characterization of Copper Oxide Nanoparticles Using Tecoma Stans
Authors: Rangasamy Manivannan , Gopal Suresh Kumar , Indhumathi A. , Loganathan S. , Manikandan S. , Naresh R.
Published: April 2023

Aims: An eco-friendly approach utilizing biologically-mediated processes has been developed for the fabrication of CuO nanoparticles using Tecoma stans leaves.

Methodology: The synthesis of CuO nanoparticles was carried out using an environmentally friendly method, which involved the use of an aqueous solution of copper (II) sulfate and a leaf extract derived from Tecoma stans. The synthesized CuO nanoparticles were characterized using various instruments, including a UV-visible spectrophotometer, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray Diffraction Spectrometer, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy.

Results: The UV-Vis spectrum showed a characteristic absorption peak of CuO nanoparticles at 296 nm. The green-synthesized CuO nanoparticles were characterized using SEM, which revealed their morphological and structural characteristics and showed a mean particle size ranging from 20 nm to 200 nm. The FTIR spectrum, ranging from 584.63 cm-1 to 3430.41 cm-1, indicated the presence of various functional groups. X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the formation of monoclinic CuO with a crystalline nature, and an average particle size of 27.67 Å.

Conclusion: The present study reports the development of a simple, low-cost, and biologically-mediated method for synthesizing CuO nanoparticles using an extract obtained from Tecoma stans leaves. The effectiveness of these nanoparticles can be evaluated through various biological activities, including antibacterial, antifungal, and cytotoxic assays.
The Case for Optimism in Health and Health Care
Authors: Galea Sandro , Abdalla Salma M.
Published: April 2023

This JAMA Health Forum discusses challenges to the nation’s health and the case for optimism for better population health based on 3 pillars.
Ungulate occurrence in forest harvest blocks is influenced by forage availability, surrounding habitat and silviculture practices
Authors: McKay Tracy , Finnegan Laura
Published: April 2023

Forest harvesting causes habitat loss and alteration and can change predator–prey dynamics. In Canada, forest harvesting has shifted the distribution and abundance of ungulates (deer, elk and moose) that prefer early seral forest, resulting in unsustainable caribou predation by shared predators (bears, cougars and wolves). Long‐term solutions for caribou recovery require management to reduce ungulate prey species within caribou ranges. Silviculture practices applied after forest harvesting directly affect the amount of forage available in harvested areas, and therefore influence ungulate distribution, but few studies have completed detailed assessments on how specific treatments of site preparation, planting and stand tending influence ungulate use of harvest blocks.

We used camera traps, silviculture data, GIS‐derived habitat and disturbance data, and detailed vegetation data collected at field sites to investigate ungulate occurrence in harvest blocks in west‐central Alberta, Canada. We compared seasonal ungulate occurrence and investigated how site‐specific characteristics, the surrounding habitat and disturbance density, and fine‐scale silviculture treatments influenced ungulate occurrence in blocks.

Deer, elk and moose occurrence was higher in summer compared to winter. Elk, moose and white‐tailed deer occurrence was higher in blocks with greater availability of specific forage species. Moose occurrence was higher in blocks with a lower road density in the surrounding area, and white‐tailed deer occurrence was higher in blocks further from seismic lines and with a lower proportion of harvest blocks in the surrounding area.

Deer, elk and moose occurrence was higher in younger harvest blocks. Mule deer and white‐tailed deer occurrence was lower in blocks with higher planting densities of lodgepole pine, and mule deer occurrence was also lower in blocks that had been stand tended.

Our study provides detailed information on ungulate response to fine‐scale silviculture methods used in Alberta, directly linking wildlife occurrence to forestry practices, and providing practical scientific information to inform sustainable forestry. Translating this research into practical landscape management decisions could benefit boreal biodiversity, including threatened species like caribou, and culturally and economically important species like deer, elk and moose.
Highly Efficient Quasi 2D Blue Perovskite Electroluminescence Leveraging a Dual Ligand Composition
Authors: Alahbakhshi Masoud , Mishra Aditya , Verkhogliadov Grigorii , Turner Emigdio E. , Haroldson Ross , Adams Austen C. , Gu Qing , Rack Jeffrey J. , Slinker Jason D. , Zakhidov Anvar A.
Published: April 2023

Perovskite light‐emitting diodes (PeLEDs) are advancing because of their superior external quantum efficiencies (EQEs) and color purity. Still, additional work is needed for blue PeLEDs to achieve the same benchmarks as the other visible colors. This study demonstrates an extremely efficient blue PeLED with a 488 nm peak emission, a maximum luminance of 8600 cd m−2, and a maximum EQE of 12.2% by incorporating the double‐sided ethane‐1,2‐diammonium bromide (EDBr2) ligand salt along with the long‐chain ligand methylphenylammonium chloride (MeCl). The EDBr2 successfully improves the interaction between 2D perovskite layers by reducing the weak van der Waals interaction and creating a Dion–Jacobson (DJ) structure. Whereas the pristine sample (without EDBr2) is inhibited by small stacking number (n) 2D phases with nonradiative recombination regions that diminish the PeLED performance, adding EDBr2 successfully enables better energy transfer from small n phases to larger n phases. As evidenced by photoluminescence (PL), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM) characterization, EDBr2 improves the morphology by reduction of pinholes and passivation of defects, subsequently improving the efficiencies and operational lifetimes of quasi‐2D blue PeLEDs.
PVA/PA/H3PO4 Hydrogel Films with Ultrawide Pressure and Strain Sensing Range via Facile Fabrication Method
Authors: Lu Xinyu , Zeng Yu , Yang Youpeng , Yang Xiaojing , Wei Erjiong , Cui Chenkai , Xie Jiegao , Qin Yafei , Qian Zhengfang
Published: April 2023

Hydrogel, as a sensitive element of flexible sensor, can change its resistance or capacitance according to mechanical deformation and provide critical service for the Internet of Things (IOT). However, it is a challenge to fabricate a hydrogel that simultaneously possesses excellent mechanical properties and great conductivity via low‐cost and simple method. Herein, one‐pot and solution‐casting methods were adopted to fabricate hydrogel film efficiently. Phosphoric acid (H3PO4) plays the role of both proton source and plasticizer can that improves the conductivity and flexibility of hydrogel. Phytic acid(PA) with abundant hydroxyl groups can form physical crosslink with PVA(polyvinyl alcohol) chain via hydrogen bond, thus increasing rigidity. H3PO4 and PA are used for reinforcing the conductivity and mechanical properties of PVA hydrogel by exploring the best mass fraction. This hydrogel, i.e., PVA/PA/H3PO4, possesses 3500% elongation, 2500% effective sensing range, great conductivity of 4.2467 S m−1, fast response/release time(65ms/91ms), outstanding durability (10,000s) for strain sensor and great detection limit of 1250 kPa and 3.85 kPa−1 sensitivity for pressure sensor. The great performance proves that hydrogel is capable for practice applications such as identifying pressure distribution and monitoring human activity situation. This method provides a new idea for the low‐cost and large‐scale fabrication of flexible sensors.
Solid‐State Synthesis and Characterization of Mg‐Substituted P2‐Na0.70Ni0.45Mn0.55O2 Cathode Materials for Practical Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Majumder Sourav , Narasimman Rajaram , Dhuruvan Sanjeevi , Varatharajan Prabhu , Raj Murugan Arjun , Sarojiniamma Sujatha , Sinthai Appusamy Ilangovan
Published: April 2023

Sodium ion batteries are considered as a potential alternative to existing Li‐ion batteries. Layered transition metal oxides are found to be suitable cathode candidates for Na‐ion batteries. In this study, solid state synthesis of P2‐Na0.7Ni0.45Mn0.55O2 with different Mg substitutions is reported. The synthesized materials are characterized thoroughly using X‐ray diffraction (XRD), field‐emission scanning electron microscopy (FE‐SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP‐AES), and x‐ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS) analysis. SEM analysis reveals the morphology of synthesized materials to layered structure with a particle size in the range of 5–50 µm. Powder XRD shows all synthesized materials of P2 structure irrespective of Mg substitution. A spurious P3 phase is observed in 0% and 5% of Mg substituted samples which are absent in 10% and 15% of Mg substituted materials. Electrochemical performance analysis shows specific capacity reduces with Mg substitution whereas mid‐voltage reaches maximum up to 3.5 V with 10% substitution. 10% Mg substituted NMO shows a specific capacity 105 mA h g−1 in the voltage ranges of 2–4.3 V versus Na/Na+ with excellent cycling stability and rate capability.
Bis(stearoyl) Sulfide: A Stable, Odor‐Free Sulfur Precursor for High‐Efficiency Metal Sulfide Quantum Dot Photovoltaics
Authors: Albaladejo‐Siguan Miguel , Prudnikau Anatol , Senina Alina , Baird Elizabeth C. , Hofstetter Yvonne J. , Brunner Julius , Shi Juanzi , Vaynzof Yana , Paulus Fabian
Published: April 2023

The synthesis of metal sulfide nanocrystals is a crucial step in the fabrication of quantum dot (QD) photovoltaics. Control over the QD size during synthesis allows for precise tuning of their optical and electronic properties, making them an appealing choice for electronic applications. This flexibility has led to the implementation of QDs in both highly‐efficient single junction solar cells and other optoelectronic devices including photodetectors and transistors. Most commonly, metal sulfide QDs are synthesized using the hot‐injection method utilizing a toxic, and air‐ and moisture‐sensitive sulfur source: bis(trimethylsilyl) sulfide ((TMS)2S). Here, bis(stearoyl) sulfide (St2S) is presented as a new type of air‐stable sulfur precursor for the synthesis of sulfide‐based QDs, which yields uniform, pure, and stable nanocrystals. Photovoltaic devices based on these QDs are equally efficient as those fabricated by (TMS)2S but exhibit enhanced operational stability. These results highlight that St2S can be widely adopted for the synthesis of metal sulfide QDs for a range of optoelectronic applications.
Electrically Controlled Liquid Crystal Elastomer Surfaces for Dynamic Wrinkling
Authors: Li Zefang , Olson Gina , Patel Dinesh K. , Yao Lining , Majidi Carmel
Published: April 2023

Liquid crystal elastomers (LCEs) are becoming increasingly popular as a shape memory material for soft robot actuators that operate in a contractile or flexural mode. There have been previously studies on the use of LCEs for reversible changes in surface topography. However, surface protrusions have typically been limited to the order of 1 μm or depend on light, heat, or electrical stimulation that are difficult to locally control or require relatively high voltage. This article presents a novel operation mode of LCE actuators based on the wrinkling behavior of an LCE‐elastomer bilayer architecture. Embedding a liquid‐metal‐based conductive ink within the LCE enables electrical control of surface wrinkling through Joule heating. The actuator cells can generate wrinkles with amplitudes ranging from 17 to 45 μm within 30 s under an input power of 2 W and a voltage on the order of 1 V. As the bilayer is composed entirely of soft materials, it is highly deformable, flexible, and can be integrated into a multi‐cell array capable of bending on curved surfaces.
Persistent Human–Machine Interfaces for Robotic Arm Control Via Gaze and Eye Direction Tracking
Authors: Ban Seunghyeb , Lee Yoon Jae , Yu Ki Jun , Chang Jae Won , Kim Jong-Hoon , Yeo Woon-Hong
Published: April 2023

Recent advances in sensors and electronics have enabled electrooculogram (EOG) detection systems for capturing eye movements. However, EOG signals are susceptible to the sensor's skin‐contact quality, limiting the precise detection of eye angles and gaze. Herein, a two‐camera eye‐tracking system and a data classification method for persistent human–machine interfaces (HMIs) are introduced. Machine‐learning technology is used for a continuous real‐time classification of gaze and eye directions, to precisely control a robotic arm. In addition, a deep‐learning algorithm for classifying eye directions is developed and the pupil center‐corneal reflection method of an eye tracker for gaze tracking is utilized. A supervisory control and data acquisition architecture that can be universally applied to any screen‐based HMI task are used by the system. It is shown in the study that the classification algorithm using deep learning enables exceptional accuracy (99.99%) with the number of actions per command (≥64), the highest performance compared to other HMI systems. Demonstrating real‐time control of a robotic arm captures the unique advantages of the precise eye‐tracking system for playing chess and manipulating dice. Overall, this paper shows the HMI system's potential for remote control of surgery robots, warehouse systems, and construction tools.
First insights into human mobility in Neolithic Belgium using strontium isotopic analysis and proteomics: A case study of Grotte de La Faucille (Sclayn, province of Namur)
Authors: van Hattum IJk , Costas‐Rodríguez Marta , Hobin Kasper , Vanhaecke Frank , Vandendriessche Hans , Collet Hélène , Cattelain Pierre , Toussaint Michel , Goffette Quentin , Dhaenens Maarten , Palmer Jessica L. A. , Daled Simon , Crombé Philippe , De Groote Isabelle
Published: April 2023

Objectives

So far, no87Sr/86Sr mobility studies have been done for Neolithic remains from Belgium and information on the Sr isotopic variability in the region is scarce. This study aims to explore mobility in a Final Neolithic population from the funerary cave ‘Grotte de La Faucille’, contribute to the understanding of the isotopic composition of bioavailable Sr in Belgium, assess evidence for male mobility using proteomic analysis, and explore possible places of origin for nonlocal individuals.

Materials and Methods

The87Sr/86Sr isotope ratio of dental enamel from six adults and six juveniles was determined. Liquid chromatography mass spectrometry‐based protein analysis was employed to identify individuals of male biological sex.87Sr/86Sr of micromammal teeth, snail shells, and modern plants from three geological areas in Belgium were measured to establish isotopic signatures for bioavailable strontium. Nonlocality was assessed by comparing human87Sr/86Sr isotope ratios to the87Sr/86Sr range for bioavailable Sr.

Results

Four individuals yielded87Sr/86Sr isotope ratios consistent with a nonlocal origin. No statistical differences were found between adults and juveniles. Three males were detected in the sample set, of which two show nonlocal87Sr/86Sr values.

Discussion

This study provides evidence for mobility in Final Neolithic Belgium. The four nonlocal87Sr/86Sr signatures correspond with the87Sr/86Sr of bio‐available Sr in Dutch South Limburg, the Black Forest in Southwest Germany, and regions of France, such as parts of the Paris Basin and the Vosges. The results support the ruling hypothesis of connections with Northern France, brought to light by archeological research.
Basal forebrain atrophy along the Alzheimer's disease continuum in adults with Down syndrome
Authors: Rozalem Aranha Mateus , Iulita Maria Florencia , Montal Victor , Pegueroles Jordi , Bejanin Alexandre , Vaqué‐Alcázar Lídia , Grothe Michel J. , Carmona‐Iragui Maria , Videla Laura , Benejam Bessy , Arranz Javier , Padilla Concepción , Valldeneu Sílvia , Barroeta Isabel , Altuna Miren , Fernández Susana , Ribas Laia , Valle‐Tamayo Natalia , Alcolea Daniel , González‐Ortiz Sofía , Bargalló Núria , Zetterberg Henrik , Blennow Kaj , Blesa Rafael , Wisniewski Thomas , Busciglio Jorge , Cuello A. Claudio , Lleó Alberto , Fortea Juan
Published: April 2023

Background

Basal forebrain (BF) degeneration occurs in Down syndrome (DS)‐associated Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the dynamics of BF atrophy with age and disease progression, its impact on cognition, and its relationship with AD biomarkers have not been studied in DS.

Methods

We included 234 adults with DS (150 asymptomatic, 38 prodromal AD, and 46 AD dementia) and 147 euploid controls. BF volumes were extracted from T‐weighted magnetic resonance images using a stereotactic atlas in SPM12. We assessed BF volume changes with age and along the clinical AD continuum and their relationship to cognitive performance, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma amyloid/tau/neurodegeneration biomarkers, and hippocampal volume.

Results

In DS, BF volumes decreased with age and along the clinical AD continuum and significantly correlated with amyloid, tau, and neurofilament light chain changes in CSF and plasma, hippocampal volume, and cognitive performance.

Discussion

BF atrophy is a potentially valuable neuroimaging biomarker of AD‐related cholinergic neurodegeneration in DS.
Crystallinity Regulation and Defects Passivation for Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells Using Fully Conjugated Porous Aromatic Frameworks
Authors: Jing Yege , Wang Chen , Chen Yi , Liu Lin , Yin Liying , Cui Fengchao , Zhang Ning , Wen Shanpeng , Zhu Guangshan
Published: April 2023

Fully conjugated porous aromatic frameworks (PAFs) have been constructed through Gilch reaction. The obtained PAFs have rigid conjugated backbones, high specific surface area, and excellent stability. The prepared PAF‐154 and PAF‐155 have been successfully applied in the perovskite solar cells (PSCs) by doping into the perovskite layer. The champion PSC devices afford a power conversion efficiency of 22.8 % and 22.4 %. It is found that the PAFs can be used as an efficient nucleation template, thus regulating the perovskite crystallinity. Meanwhile, PAFs can also passivate defects and promote carriers transporting in the perovskite film. By the comparative study with their linear counterpart, we unravel that the efficacy of PAFs is highly related to their porous structure and rigid fully conjugated networks. The unencapsulated devices with PAFs doping exhibit outstanding long‐term stability, retaining 80 % of their initial efficiencies after half‐year storage in ambient conditions.
Layered Monophosphate Tungsten Bronzes [Ba(PO4)2]WmO3m−3: 2D Metals with Locked Charge‐Density‐Wave Instabilities
Authors: Nimoh Hicham , Arévalo‐López Angel Moisés , Huvé Marielle , Minaud Claire , Cano Andrés , Glaum Robert , Mentré Olivier
Published: April 2023

Phosphate tungsten and molybenum bronzes represent an outstanding class of materials displaying textbook examples of charge‐density‐wave (CDW) physics among other fundamental properties. Here we report on the existence of a novel structural branch with the general formula [Ba(PO4)2][WmO3m−3] (m=3, 4 and 5) denominated ′layered monophosphate tungsten bronzes′ (L‐MPTB). It results from thick [Ba(PO4)2]4− spacer layers disrupting the cationic metal‐oxide 2D units and enforcing an overall trigonal structure. Their symmetries are preserved down to 1.8 K and the compounds show metallic behaviour with no clear anomaly as a function of temperature. However, their electronic structure displays the characteristic Fermi surface of previous bronzes derived from 5d W states with hidden nesting properties. By analogy with previous bronzes, such a Fermi surface should result into CDW order. Evidence of CDW order was only indirectly observed in the low‐temperature specific heat, giving an exotic context at the crossover between stable 2D metals and CDW order.
Peroxygenase‐Catalysed Selective Oxidation of Silanes to Silanols
Authors: Xu Xiaomin , van Hengst Jacob M. A. , Mao Yejia , Martinez Mireia , Roda Sergi , Floor Martin , Guallar Victor , Paul Caroline E. , Alcalde Miguel , Hollmann Frank
Published: April 2023

A peroxygenase‐catalysed hydroxylation of organosilanes is reported. The recombinant peroxygenase from Agrocybe aegerita (AaeUPO) enabled efficient conversion of a broad range of silane starting materials in attractive productivities (up to 300 mM h−1), catalyst performance (up to 84 s−1 and more than 120 000 catalytic turnovers). Molecular modelling of the enzyme‐substrate interaction puts a basis for the mechanistic understanding of AaeUPO selectivity.