bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modifiye Edilmiş Pomza Kullanılarak Sulu Ortamlardan Adsorpsiyon Prosesi ile Arsenat (V) Giderimi
Authors: Kırkan Bülent , Bekaroğlu Mustafa
Published: August 2019

Bu çalışmada, adsorpsiyon yöntemi ile sulu ortamdan As(V) giderimi için
ham ve yüzeyi modifiye edilmiş pomzanın etkinliği incelenmiştir. Granüler
destek malzemesi olarak Isparta pomzası kullanılmış ve demir oksit ile
kaplanmıştır. Katı
sorbentlerinin yapı karakterizasyonunun belirlenmesi için FTIR, XRD ve BET
yüzey alanı analizi yapılmış ve yüzey morfolojisinin gözlenmesi için SEM
görüntüleri kullanılmıştır. HIP ve DOKIPkatı sorbentleri kullanılarak sulu çözeltiden
As(V) giderimini etkileyen çözelti pH’ı, başlangıç As(V) konsantrasyonu, temas
süresi, adsorbent dozu ve sıcaklık parametreleri incelenmiş ve optimum giderim
koşulları tespit edilmiştir. DOKIPiçin maksimum As(V) giderimi ve adsorpsiyon kapasitesi
sırasıyla % 95,99±1,43 ve 1,92±0,03 mg/g olarak elde edilmiştir. DOKIP ile
As(V) adsorpsiyonu için ΔH, ΔS ve ΔG termodinamik parametreleri hesaplanmış,
adsorpsiyon prosesinin ekzotermik karakterli olduğu belirlenmiştir. Deneysel
adsorpsiyon verilerinin Langmuir, Freundlich ve Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R)
izotermlerine uygunluğu incelenmiş ve adsorpsiyon
verilerinin Langmuir modeline uyduğu belirlenmiştir. Yüksek
adsorpsiyon kapasitelerine dayanarak, sulu çözeltilerden As (V)'in
önderiştirilmesi ve gideriminde DOKIPsorbenti umut verici
alternatif bir adsorban olarak önerilmiştir.
Analisis Variasi Faktor Eksposi dan Ketebalan Irisan Terhadap CTDI dan Kualitas Citra Pada Computed Tomography Scan
Authors: Nurhayati Arry Y. , Nariswari Nia N. , Rahayuningsih B. , Hariadi Yuda C.
Published: August 2019

CT Scan merupakan alat pencitraan sinar-X yang dipadukan dengan komputer pengolah data sehingga mampu menghasilkan gambar potongan melintang tubuh dan memiliki dosis relatif lebih tinggi, karena berasal dari radiasi primer dan radiasi hambur dari setiap slice. Dosis yang dihasilkan dipengaruhi oleh parameter scan yaitu faktor eksposi (tegangan tabung, arus- waktu rotasi) dan ketebalan irisan. Kuantitas dosis pada pemeriksaan CT Scan digunakan metode Computed Tomography Dose Index (CTDI). Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengatahui efek variasi parameter scan terhadap CTDI dan kualitas citra dengan menggunakan phantom. Hasil data yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa pada variasi 200 mAs, 120 kV dan 5 mm menghasilkan CTDIvol dan CNR optimum dengan nilai masing-masing 25.8 mGy dan 3.51. Hal ini disebabkan adanya keseimbangan nilai antara faktor eksposi yang tidak memiliki rentang yang terlalu jauh sehingga menghasilkan energi dan kuantitas sinar X yang seimbang dan ketebalan irisan tidak menghasilkan noise tinggi sehingga objek dalam phantom tetap dapat terlihat lebih baik. Kata Kunci: CT Scan, CTDI, CTDIvol, LCR, CNR.
Análise da ventilação natural
Authors: Bevilaqua Camila Pizaia , Bressianini Bianca , Azuma Mauricio Hidemi , Lukiantchuki Marieli Azoia
Published: August 2019

Apesar das inúmeras vantagens da integração dos conceitos bioclimáticos ao projeto arquitetônico, estudos demonstram que para a maioria dos arquitetos existe uma dificuldade em sua real aplicação. Isso indica a existência de uma lacuna entre o conhecimento acadêmico e a prática de projeto, principalmente no que se refere à ventilação natural. Muitas das estratégias de ventilação natural são apresentadas por meio de desenhos visionários que não representam claramente o seu desempenho nos ambientes internos. O objetivo dessa pesquisa é comprovar a materialização de princípios básicos de ventilação natural por meio de um método simplificado, visando facilitar o entendimento desses fenômenos pelos alunos durante o ensino da ventilação natural e, posteriormente, sua aplicação no projeto arquitetônico. O estudo comparativo dividiu-se em três etapas a fim de comprovar a eficiência do modelo proposto para uso no processo de ensino: (i) construção de um modelo físico flexível e simplificado para uso no ensino da ventilação natural; (ii) ensaios experimentais no modelo proposto, com relação ao impacto da localização das aberturas no desempenho do fluxo de ar interno nas edificações; (iii) simulações computacionais com base na Dinâmica dos Fluídos Computacional (CFD) dos mesmos cenários avaliados pelo método simplificado. A comparação dos resultados experimentais e numéricos demonstrou uma compatibilidade entre as duas ferramentas utilizadas, mostrando que é possível o uso desse modelo simplificado para o ensino de princípios básicos da ventilação natural como, por exemplo, a definição da localização das aberturas.
Estudo do desempenho térmico de células-teste enterrada e semienterrada
Authors: Biasi Juliana Aparecida , Krüger Eduardo Leite
Published: August 2019

Uma alternativa construtiva vernacular dos grupos indígenas na região sul do Brasil baseava-se no enterramento da edificação com o provimento de cobertura leve. O presente estudo tem por objetivo avaliar o desempenho térmico de células-teste enterradas e semienterradas quando comparadas a uma célula controle térrea visando uma arquitetura bioclimática que utilize métodos passivos. O método é baseado na comparação das variações de temperatura medida no interior de células-teste quanto à temperatura externa e do solo medidos em Curitiba, PR, durante o período de inverno. As células testes foram confeccionadas em escala reduzida, todas com as mesmas dimensões e especificações de materiais. Para a avaliação de desempenho foram analisados a amplitude térmica, o atraso térmico, as diferenças de temperaturas e amplitudes de sensores superficiais e os índices de conforto de cada célula-teste. A análise de dados constatou que a célula-teste enterrada apresentou menor amplitude térmica e maior atraso térmico. No que tange à somatória dos graus-hora fora da faixa de temperatura de conforto, a célula-teste enterrada obteve o menor tempo em desconforto durante o período de inverno. Foi possível verificar também que quanto maior a área em contato com o solo, melhores as condições de conforto observadas.
Rota de Integração Latino-Americana (RILA) para o desenvolvimento turístico
Authors: Asato Thiago Andrade , Constantino Michel , Dorsa Arlinda Cantero , Mariani Milton Augusto Pasquotto
Published: August 2019

Este artigo trata sobre a Rota de Integração Latino-Americana (RILA) ou Rota Bioceânica, fomentando como tal rota pode contribuir para o desenvolvimento local de Mato Grosso do Sul e, consequentemente, dos países que permeiam o trajeto completo do corredor, no olhar voltado ao desenvolvimento turístico. A pesquisa pautou-se de entrevistas semiestruturadas direcionadas aos gestores que participaram da caravana de teste da II Rota de Integração Latino-Americano (denominada Rila), realizada em agosto de 2017.
Indicadores dos serviços de abastecimento de água e esgotamento doméstico na Rota de Integração Latino-Americana
Authors: Cantero Dorsa Arlinda , Antonio de Souza Pereira Mariana , Corrêa Magalhães Filho Fernando Jorge
Published: August 2019

A análise de desempenho dos provedores públicos e privados de saneamento inseridos na rota de integração Latino-Americana, indica que as empresas privadas superam as públicas em investimentos e produtividade, contudo ambas necessitam de serviços especializados. As correlações existentes entre os indicadores indicam que quanto maior o atendimento do serviço, maior é a tarifa cobrada, e as perdas de água afetam diretamente no faturamento. Apesar dos avanços, ainda há necessidade de melhoria nos serviços.
Caracterização ambiental do uso e ocupação do solo das áreas de influência em municípios da Rota de Integração Latino-Americana
Authors: Antonio de Souza Pereira Mariana , Corrêa Magalhães Filho Fernando Jorge , Silva Teles Ana Paula , Martins Ayres Fabio
Published: August 2019

A análise ambiental é fundamental para reconhecer as potencialidades e vulnerabilidades da região investigada. Baseado em imagens de satélites, o estudo buscou analisar o uso e a ocupação do solo em municípios que fazem parte do Corredor Bioceânico localizado no Estado do Mato Grosso do Sul e que também possuem territórios inseridos na Bacia do alto Paraguai. Constatou-se que em média 60% dos municípios tiveram parte de sua vegetação nativa substituídas por monoculturas e pastagens exóticas.
Pengaruh Perasan Umbi Bengkuang (Pachyrhizus erosus L.) terhadap Gambaran Histopatologi Lambung Mencit (Mus musculus L.) dengan Model Tukak Lambung
Authors: Pertiwi Reza , Saputra Hari Marta
Published: August 2019

Pendahuluan: Tukak lambung merupakan penyakit akibat gangguan pada saluran gastrointestinal atas yang disebabkan sekresi asam dan pepsin yang berlebihan oleh mukosa lambung. Tukak lambung dapat terjadi karena konsumsi alkohol yang berlebih karena merusak sawar mukosa lambung dan menyebabkan gastritis akut seperti perdarahan saluran cerna. Bengkuang (Pachyrhizus erosus L.) memiliki kandungan flavonoid yang diketahui mampu mengurangi asam lambung sebagai agen kuratif. Tujuan: Melihat pengaruh air perasan bengkuang sebagai agen preventif pada mencit (Mus musculus L.) yang diinduksi tukak lambung dengan menggunakan alkohol. Metode: Memberikan air perasan bengkuang secara peroral dengan dosis 20, 40, dan 60% dan sukrafat sebagai kontrol positif selama 12 hari. Setelah 1 jam pemberian perlakuan hari ke-12, mencit diberikan etanol sebanyak 5 g/Kg BB selama 24 jam. Hasil: Data hasil pengamatan menunjukkan nilai indeks tukak lambung pada kelompok normal, kontrol negatif, perasan bengkuang dosis 20, 40, dan 60%, serta sukralfat secara berurut-turut yaitu 0; 3,89; 0,56; 0,22; 1,22 dan 1,11. Hal ini didukung oleh gambaran histopatologi lambung mencit yang juga menunjukkan adanya perbaikan pada lambung tikus yang diberikan air perasan bengkuang. Kesimpulan: Pemberian perasan umbi bengkuang dapat mengurangi jumlah tukak dengan adanya perbaikan gambaran histopatologi lambung mencit.
Motivasi Berhenti Merokok pada Perokok Dewasa Muda Berdasarkan Transtheoretical Model (TTM)
Authors: Larasati Esti Rossa , Saraswati Wita , Setiawan Henny Utami , Rahma Silda Sabila , Gianina Agustina , Estherline Cindy Alicia , Nurmalasari Fitri , Annisa Nauri Nabiela , Septiani Indah , Nugraheni Gesnita
Published: August 2019

Pendahuluan: Merokok telah diketahui menjadi faktor resiko banyak penyakit dan kematian. Meskipun demikian, terdapat peningkatan prevalensi perokok berusia muda. Intervensi untuk meningkatkan angka berhenti merokok diharapkan efektif dilakukan. Desain intervensi tersebut dapat dipengaruhi oleh seberapa tinggi motivasi berhenti merokok. Tujuan: Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengidentifikasi motivasi seseorang untuk berhenti merokok berdasarkan Transtheoretical Model (TTM), untuk menentukan hubungan faktor demografi dan pengetahuan rokok terhadap motivasi berhenti merokok, dan menemukan faktor-faktor yang membedakan motivasi untuk berhenti merokok. Metode: Penelitian ini dilakukan di sekitar kampus B Universitas Airlangga pada September 2018 menggunakan metode survei, rancangan studi cross-sectional dengan teknik accidental sampling. Responden dalam penelitian ini merupakan perokok berusia 17 - 25 tahun (n = 162). Hasil: Dari hasil analisis data diperoleh bahwa tingkat motivasi tertinggi terdapat pada tahap kontemplasi yaitu sebanyak 38,9% (62 responden). Tahap kontemplasi adalah tahap dimana seseorang masih berstatus sebagai perokok aktif, tetapi sudah berkeinginan untuk berhenti merokok dalam 6 bulan ke depan, sehingga masih memiliki kecenderungan untuk membatalkan keinginan berhenti merokok. Profil demografi, seperti uang saku, jumlah teman merokok dan keberadaan perokok di rumah responden tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap tingkat motivasi berhenti merokok. Pengetahuan dan intensitas merokok berpengaruh signifikan terhadap motivasi berhenti merokok. Terdapat korelasi antara pengeluaran untuk merokok dan jumlah batang rokok per hari dengan motivasi berhenti merokok (p = 0,000). Kesimpulan: Promosi kesehatan terkait berhenti merokok yang berfokus di kalangan remaja sangat perlu dilakukan. Intervensi yang dapat dilakukan untuk perokok pada tahap kontemplasi adalah mengadakan penyuluhan tentang bahaya merokok dan pemberian informasi adanya NRT (Nicotine Replacement Therapy).
Perilaku Pengguna Hijab dalam Mengatasi Masalah Rambut
Authors: Sari Dwi Lukita , Indahsari Yenni Desilia , Umroh Lukluk Afifatul , Romadlon Hadi Nur , Agustin Lisa Tri , Wardanasari Dias Putri , Septiani Septiani , Hadi Rama Syailendra , Shandra Ni Made Krisantina , Aksandra Vindia Khendy , Hermansyah Andi
Published: August 2019

Pendahuluan: Salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi kesehatan rambut adalah penggunaan jilbab. Penggunaan jilbab berpotensi memicu terjadinya masalah rambut jika rambut tidak dirawat dengan benar. Tujuan: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perilaku pengguna jilbab dalam mengatasi permasalahan rambut. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survei dengan teknik pengambilan sampel accidental dan target sampel mahasiswi berjilbab di kampus B Universitas Airlangga Surabaya. Instrumen pengambilan data menggunakan kuesioner dan dianalisis menggunakan program SPSS (Statistical Product for Social Sciences). Seratus orang responden berpartisipasi pada penelitian ini. Hasil: Responden dengan usia 18 tahun merupakan responden dengan jumlah terbesar yaitu sebanyak 31% dan mengalami permasalahan rambut paling banyak yaitu rambut rontok. Menariknya sebanyak 55% responden masih jarang untuk menggunakan produk perawatan rambut secara teratur termasuk vitamin dan conditioner. Mayoritas responden tidak mengetahui kandungan produk rambut dan/atau produk antiketombe yang mereka gunakan. Bahkan secara umum, responden tidak mengetahui produk yang benar untuk mengatasi permasalahan rambut. Kesimpulan: Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa responden telah mengetahui cara mengatasi permasalahan rambut namun belum diterapkan dalam tindakan yang rutin dan benar.
A Modified Free Wake Vortex Ring Method for Horizontal-Axis Wind Turbines
Authors: Dong Jing , Viré Axelle , Ferreira Carlos Simao , Li Zhangrui , van Bussel Gerard
Published: August 2019

A modified free-wake vortex ring model is proposed to compute the dynamics of a floating horizontal-axis wind turbine. The model is divided into two parts. The near wake model uses a blade bound vortex model and trailed vortex model, which is developed based on vortex filament method. By contrast, the far wake model is based on the vortex ring method. The proposed model is a good compromise between accuracy and computational cost, for example when compared with more complex vortex methods. The present model is used to assess the influence of floating platform motions on the performance of a horizontal-axis wind turbine rotor. The results are validated on the 5MW NREL rotor and compared with other aerodynamic models for the same rotor subjected to different platform motions. It was found that the results from the proposed method are more reliable than the results from BEM theory especially at small angles of attack in the region of low wind speeds, on the one hand, and high wind speeds with blade pitch motions, on the other hand. And also the proposed method is less time consuming and has similar accuracy when comparing with more advanced vortex based methods.
Stratigraphic Analysis with Refraction Tomography
Authors: Hutchinson Peter J. , Tsai Maggie H.
Published: August 2019

Near-surface seismic refraction tomography imaged the basal contact of the Upper Cambrian silica-rich Mount Simon Formation with that of the underlying Precambrian granite in central Wisconsin. The discrimination between the Mount Simon and underlying non-conformable contact with Precambrian rocks was based upon a p-wave velocity of 1,700 m/s. Refraction tomography imaged deep, broad tidal channels within the Mount Simon consistent with the inference that Mount Simon was deposited in a high-energy near-shore, probably fluvial environment. The Mount Simon is an arenite that has high commercial value.
Ultrastructure of the Test Wall in Modern Porcelaneous Foraminifera: Implications For the Classification of the Miliolida
Authors: Parker Justin H.
Published: August 2019

New insight into wall ultrastructure has been gained from examination of 130 species of porcelaneous foraminifera. New terms are introduced to describe the porcelaneous wall, including: “porcelain” for the main body of the wall that is comprised of a matrix of randomly oriented needle-shaped crystals; “intrados” for the inner mineralised surface; and “extrados” for the outer mineralised surface. The main test wall may also contain aligned needle-shaped crystals, which form an “infraskeletal framework” where parallel to the test wall, and “infraskeletal windows” where perpendicular to the wall surface. The intrados is constructed of needle-shaped crystals oriented randomly on a plane parallel to the inner surface of the chamber. Its structure is relatively consistent across all studied species and does not change during ontogeny. The porcelain is the fundamental part of the wall that determines appearance (e.g., carinate, costate, striate and pitted ornament). It is primarily constructed of a matrix of randomly oriented needle-shaped crystals, which in some species have embedded sediment particles, and in Pseudohauerina is perforated by a canaliculate network. Within the porcelain in soritid and peneroplid taxa, an infraskeletal framework occurs in chamber and chamberlet walls that forms the basis of the chamber around which the randomly-oriented crystals of the porcelain are placed. In Alveolinella and Borelis the porcelain of lateral chamber walls contains crystals aligned perpendicular to the chambers that form infraskeletal windows, which likely assist in light transmission into the test. The extrados in the studied taxa is constructed of needle-, rod- or plate-shaped crystals that may be aligned or non-aligned. At the genus level there is typically consistency in the structure of the extrados, however in Quinqueloculina and Triloculina variation between species is observed. Examination of wall ultrastructure is a useful character to help understand attempts to split these genera, and more broadly to better understand the phylogenetic links between taxa.
How To Discriminate Athalassic and Marginal Marine Microfaunas: Foraminifera and Other Fossils from an Early Holocene Continental Lake in Northern Saudi Arabia
Authors: Pint Anna , Engel Max , Melzer Sandra , Frenzel Peter , Plessen Birgit , Brückner Helmut
Published: August 2019

The occurrence of athalassic foraminiferal species, along with the brackish-water ostracod Cyprideis torosa, the barnacle Amphibalanus amphitrite, and brackish-water gastropods, prove the existence of a saline lake at Tayma, northern Saudi Arabia, during the early to mid-Holocene. Outcrops at the former shoreline, as well as a single sediment core, allow a reconstruction of the history of the main lake phase. Whereas these outcrops contain masses of calcareous micro- and macrofossils, the core from the modern sabkha does not.

Four foraminiferal species were identified: Ammonia tepida is dominant, Quinqueloculina seminula is common, Flintinoides labiosa and Discorinopsis aguayoi are rare. Sieve-pore analysis and shell chemistry of C. torosa, as well as varying but generally high proportions of test anomalies (up to 50%) in foraminifers, indicate fluctuating, mostly hypersaline lacustrine conditions. We suggest, based on these results and on a literature overview on the worldwide distribution of Quaternary athalassic foraminifer taxa, that a combination of low diversity, exclusively marginal marine taxa, combined with occurrences of test anomalies >10% can be used to recognize athalassic saline waters in the fossil record.
The Ecological Balance of Nature and the Evolution of Baffin Bay, Texas
Authors: Buzas Martin A. , Hayek Lee-Ann C. , Buzas-Stephens Pamela , Simms Alexander R.
Published: August 2019

The mixed siliciclastic/carbonate sediments of Baffin Bay, Texas, provide a record of the evolution of the Bay for the last 10 ka. Flooding surfaces at 8 ka and 5.5 ka provided an a priori separation of sediments in a core into three groups. Discriminant analysis and interpretation of species composition of the foraminifera from these groups indicated a progression from deltaic to open-bay to hypersaline environments. This traditional paleoecological analysis, however, does not utilize the information available in the relative abundance distribution (RAD) within each community. An approach capable of assessing within community change is provided by S (species richness), H (Shannon information function) and E (evenness) analysis. Using this approach not only can communities be designated without a priori assumptions and environments identified easily, but also the RAD within each community can be evaluated, providing a record of community growth, decline or stasis with time. Stasis, or the ecological balance of nature, is mathematically defined as an equilibrium between S and E such that diversity (H) remains constant with time. This stasis requires that, as the number of individuals (N) gets larger with time, the value of H remains constant. Thus, at stasis a regression between H versus lnN will have a 0 value for the regression coefficient (β1H), here termed the Relative Abundance Distribution Index, RADI. A positive value of RADI indicates community growth, a negative value indicates community decline. In the Baffin Bay core 6, communities were identified from 46 samples using SHE analysis. At ∼9 ka the RADI was positive, indicating the growth of a normal marine community with a high S. A second community, still largely normal marine but with a slightly negative RADI, formed at ∼8 ka. Beginning at ∼6.4 ka, the 3rd and 4th marginal marine communities with highly negative RADIs formed, indicating a sharp decline for ∼1 ka during the formation of Padre Island, which may have taken ∼1000 years. At ∼5 ka the 5th and 6th marginal marine communities were established with RADIs indicating a prolonged period of stasis. The 5th community was dominated by Elphidium with a high percentage of miliolids. The 6th community, established at ∼2 ka, was dominated by Ammonia and a moderate percentage of miliolids. These last two communities, both at stasis, were apparently responding to changes in salinity brought on by changes in rainfall.
Taxonomy, Stratigraphy and Phylogeny of the Middle Miocene Fohsella Lineage: Geometric Morphometric Evidence
Authors: Si Weimin , Berggren William A.
Published: August 2019

The taxonomy and phylogeny of the planktonic foraminifera Fohsella lineage has been controversial for nearly 50 years, despite its widespread application in Middle Miocene stratigraphy. We have re-examined type specimens of this lineage together with specimens from a continuous deep-sea record (Ocean Drilling Program Site 806, Ontong Java Plateau, western equatorial Pacific Ocean) with an astronomic chronology. Landmark-based geometric morphometry is employed to visualize and quantify morphologic variation within this lineage. Combined morphologic and stratigraphic data help clarify the evolutionary occurrence of diagnostic traits that characterize two problematic taxa, F. praefohsi and F. “praefohsi”, resulting in a revised taxonomy and phylogeny of the lineage. We emphasize the importance of biometric studies of populations from continuous geologic records in establishing taxonomy and phylogeny of planktonic foraminifera. In the past, over-emphasis on the importance of type specimens as reference points in delineating various evolutionary stages of the Fohsella lineage has resulted in inaccurate phylogenetic reconstructions.
A New Foraminiferal Species Pseudotriloculina Hottingeri N. Sp. from the Arabian Gulf
Authors: Amao Abduljamiu O. , Kaminski Michael A.
Published: August 2019

This study describes a new species belonging to the miliolid foraminiferal genus Pseudotriloculina. The species Pseudotriloculina hottingeri n.sp. is here described from several locations sampled in the Arabian Gulf. The species is distinguished by its U-shaped chambers arranged initially in an indistinct quadriloculine and later in a pseudotriloculine manner and its porcelaneous wall ornamented with longitudinal or bifurcating costae running along the chambers from the posterior end to the apertural margin. It also has a short, taurus/spur-shaped bifid tooth within a terminal aperture and a broad collar draped on the last chamber. It has a restricted bathymetric and ecological distribution in the Arabian Gulf. It has a depth range of 0.02–17 m, tolerates salinity of 36–52 ppt and temperatures of 27–30°C. Specimens were found in 20 samples out of 78 sampled stations studied in the Arabian Gulf. The species appears to have ecological significance in understanding epibiont-basibiont interactions and can also be used to delineate restricted environments based on its ecological preferences.
Organic-walled Fossil Testate Amoebae Records (late Cretaceous–holocene) from the Neotethyan–mediterranean Region
Authors: Kutluk Hatice , Mazei Yuri
Published: August 2019

The significance of fossil testate amoebae having organic shells and their application for biostratigraphical and paleoecological studies are unexplored fields, although these organisms are extensively used as bioindicators in ecological studies of Recent and Holocene environments. Some taxa of fossil testate amoebae with organic (chitinous, pseudochitinous, or proteinaceous) shells were recovered in Turkey from a series of palynological samples, ranging in age from Late Cretaceous to Holocene. A total of 202 samples were processed from sediments from 11 sites representing fluvial flood-plain, lacustrine, estuarine, and peat-swamp as well as shallow and deep marine facies. Nineteen taxa of the genera Arcella, Centropyxis, Frenzelina, Microcometes, Nebela, Phryganella, Pyxidicula, and Sphenoderia were recorded from the Late Cretaceous, Lower−Middle Eocene, Lower Miocene, and Quaternary sediments. The literature on fossil organic-walled testate amoebae records was also reviewed and compared with the findings in this study.
A Study of Co-occurrences of Foraminifera and Mussels in a Polluted Nova Scotian Wetland, Atlantic Canada
Authors: Wilson Brent , Hayek Lee-Ann C.
Published: August 2019

Studies of foraminiferal assemblages in intertidal marshes and subtidal creeks usually rely upon sediment samples collected along transects, such that associations with other organisms often go unnoticed. We show that ecologically useful data can be obtained by sampling that is stratified by substrate and microenvironment. The tidal wetland at Lower LaHave, Nova Scotia, Atlantic Canada (44º16′37.39″N, 64º19′46.45″W, area ∼1 km2) comprises mostly sandy sediment occupied largely by the low marsh grass Spartina alterniflora. The wetland is situated next to LaHave Estuary, which is polluted with domestic waste. Microenvironments within the marsh were sampled for total (living + dead) foraminiferal assemblages. The mass of dried sediment examined at each site was used to calculate the foraminiferal number (FN, number of foraminiferal tests per gram of sediment). Sediment samples from the intertidal grass beds reflect a typical low- to high-marsh zonal distribution of benthic foraminifera [FN = 24.7 ± 16.6 g−1 (mean ± standard deviation); n = 716 tests]. Samples from a tidal channel yielded few tests (FN = ∼0.3 ± 0.7 g−1; n = 22). Clutches of the mussel Mytilus edulis occurred in areas of strong current action within the channel and on lower energy slip-off slopes. Mussel clutches from the channel base yielded few tests (FN = ∼0.7 ± 0.7 g−1; n = 25), mostly Miliammina fusca. Clutches from slip-off slopes yielded a significantly richer assemblage (FN = 8.7 ± 4.6 g−1; n = 229) dominated by Elphidium umbilicatulum. We concluded that mussel clutches in low energy areas can be suitable habitat for E. umbilicatulum, either associated with structural complexity of the clutches or with waste products excreted by mussels that may stimulate growth of bacteria or microalgae upon which the foraminifera feed. The results from this study provide a baseline for examining the biotic impact of remediation of the LaHave River on the Lower LaHave wetland.
What, If Anything, Is a Nummulite Bank?
Authors: Papazzoni Cesare A. , Seddighi Mona
Published: August 2019

Since the introduction of the concept of a “nummulite bank” more than 50 years ago, the significance of these peculiar sedimentary structures has been debated, especially whether they are of autochthonous or allochthonous origin. At first considered as substantially autochthonous, an alternative interpretation as allochthonous deposits was suggested in the mid-1980s to explain the observation of sedimentary features indicating displacement of the nummulite tests. In more recent literature, we found examples of non-uniform use of the nummulite bank concept; sometimes the ‘banks’ are vaguely described as nummulite-rich beds, and illustrations may not allow recognition of the features characteristic of the real banks. In an attempt to achieve a scientifically robust model explaining the genesis of the nummulite banks, our objective was to test the original definition, based upon the most fundamental and useful characteristics that can be observed in the field, even in non-optimal outcrop conditions: the A/B ratio and the percentage composition (dominance) of the fossil assemblage. Both can be quantified using simple techniques on samples collected for this purpose.

In an extensive survey of nummulite banks and non-banks from Italy, Spain, Romania, and Germany, we determined A/B ratios and taxonomic composition of the nummulite assemblages. Recognized nummulite banks are characterized by A/B ratios <60 and dominance of one species accounting for at least 75% of the specimens of Nummulites. Non-bank samples show A/B ratios between 60–350 and dominance usually <50%. An unexpected result was the discovery of an ‘Assilina bank’, characterizing both conditions for recognition of a nummulite bank, but with Assilina cuvillieri as the dominant species representing >75% of the larger foraminiferal assemblage.
Microbial Associations of Four Species of Algal Symbiont-bearing Foraminifers from the Florida Reef Tract, Usa
Authors: Martin Makenna M. , Kellogg Christina A. , Hallock Pamela
Published: August 2019

While microbiome research is a rapidly expanding field of study, relatively little is known of the microbiomes associated with Foraminifera. This preliminary study investigated microbes associated with four species of Foraminifera, representing two taxonomic orders, which host three kinds of algal endosymbionts. A major objective was to explore potential influences on the microbiome composition, including phylogenetic relatedness among the host species, similarities in algal symbionts hosted, and environmental conditions from which the specimens were collected. Samples examined from two locations along the middle Florida Keys reef tract included 45 foraminiferal specimens and four environmental samples. Bacterial DNA extraction from individual specimens was followed by amplification and amplicon sequencing of the V4 variable region of the 16S rRNA gene; results were obtained from 21 specimens.

The Order Miliolida, Family Soritidae, was represented by 5–8 specimens of each of three species: Archaias angulatus and Cyclorbiculina compressa, which both host chlorophyte symbionts, and Sorites orbiculus, which hosts dinoflagellate symbionts. Three Ar. angulatus specimens from which the microbiome was successfully sequenced shared 177 OTUs. Six C. compressa specimens successfully sequenced shared 58 OTUs, of which 31 were also shared by the three specimens of Ar. angulatus. Four successfully sequenced S. orbiculus specimens shared 717 unique OTUs. The 13 soritid specimens shared 26 OTUs, 23 of which represented Proteobacteria, predominantly of the bacterial family Rhodobacteraceae.

The fourth foraminiferal species, Amphistegina gibbosa (Order Rotaliida) hosts diatom endosymbionts. Bacterial DNA extraction was attempted on 16 Am. gibbosa, including both normal-appearing and partly-bleached specimens. Only six OTUs, four of which represented Proteobacteria, were found in all eight specimens successfully sequenced. The partly bleached specimens shared nearly twice as many unique microbial OTUs (32) as the normal-appearing specimens (19). All Am. gibbosa specimens shared only four microbial OTUs with the soritid species, three of which may have been contaminants, indicating minimal commonality between the microbiomes of Am. gibbosa and the soritid taxa.
Evaluación del patrimonio cultural: la Huerta de Valencia como recurso territorial
Authors: Mayordomo Maya Sandra , Hermosilla Pla Jorge
Published: August 2019

El concepto de patrimonio cultural ha evolucionado a lo largo de la historia mediante un complejo proceso de atribución de valores. En la actualidad se define como la herencia de una comunidad, y comprende una amplia diversidad de bienes que nos remiten a nuestra identidad. La identificación y evaluación de estos elementos y expresiones constituyen acciones fundamentales para su gestión y restitución. En este artículo se desarrolla y aplica una metodología de evaluación del patrimonio cultural en 257 bienes de la Huerta de Valencia. Se trata de un método cuantitativo, reproducible para las diferentes tipologías de inmuebles y en cualquier territorio. Está conformado por múltiples criterios basados en parámetros objetivos. Asimismo, contempla acciones complementarias de participación mediante la realización de encuestas a los habitantes. La aplicación del método ha permitido la jerarquización de los bienes según su interés patrimonial. Se han detectado numerosos inmuebles de extraordinario valor. No obstante, una proporción significativa del inventario ha obtenido puntuaciones escasas, derivadas del progresivo deterioro del espacio agrario de la Huerta. La implementación efectuada constata que la metodología propuesta constituye una herramienta eficaz de evaluación patrimonial para la toma de decisiones y el diseño de acciones de gestión y puesta en valor.
EKSPRESI PROTEIN ADHF36 STRAIN Salmonella Typhi DARI BEBERAPA DAERAH DI INDONESIA
Authors: Kundera I Nengah , A Aulanni’am , Santoso Sanarto
Published: August 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui ekspresi protein AdhF36 strain Salmonella Typhi, sebagai kajian kandidat vaksin berbasis molekul adesin. Strain yang digunakan pada penelitian ini bersumber dari Rumah Sakit Hasan Sadikin Bandung, Laboratorium Kesehatan Sulawesi Tengah, Palu, Rumah Sakit Udayana Denpasar, dan Rumah Sakit Saiful Anwar, Malang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sekitar 12 strain Salmonella Typhi tersebut mengekspresikan dan memiliki protein AdhF36. Hal ini memberikan gambaran umum bahwa protein AdhF36 potensial dikembangkan sebagai kandidat vaksin.
IDENTIFIKASI MOLEKULER VIRUS SUBTIPE H3 DAN H10 PADA UNGGAS
Authors: Dharmayanti Indi , Indriani Risa
Published: August 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi molekuler virus-virus influenza yang tidak dapat diidentifikasi dengan primer H5N1 sehingga perlu dilakukan identifikasi lanjutan dengan primer virus influenza lainnya untuk mengetahui jenis subtipe virus influenza yang bersirkulasi di lapang. Sampel yang digunakan adalah lima sampel cairan alantois (Kode B1-B5) yang diduga mengandung virus influenza selain virus H5N1. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah dengan reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) menggunakan beberapa set primer influenza dan konfirmasi dilakukan dengan pengurutan deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). Dari hasil analisis RT-PCR dan pengurutan DNA menunjukkan bahwa sampel dengan kode B1 dan B2 menunjukkan homologi tertinggi dengan data virus yang terdaftar di GenBank (NCBI) yaitu dengan virus influenza subtipe H3 sedangkan sampel dengan kode B4 mempunyai homologi tertinggi dengan virus influenza subtipe H10. Dari identifikasi dan karakterisasi tersebut kemungkinan bahwa virus sampel kode B1 (A/Chicken/Buleleng/BBVD488-9/2009) dan (B2) A/Duck/Tabanan/BBVD573-10/2009 adalah virus (AI) subtipe H3 sedangkan sampel kode B4 (A/Chicken/Klungkung/ BBVD006-1/2010) adalah virus AI subtipe H10.
GAMBARAN HISTOPATOLOGIS HEPATOPANKREAS UDANG WINDU (Penaeus monodon) AKIBAT INFEKSI VIRUS HEPATOPANCREATICA PARVOVIRUS (HPV)
Authors: N Nazaruddin , Aliza Dwinna , Aisyah Siti , Z Zainuddin , S Syafrizal
Published: August 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui gambaran histopatologis hepatopankreas udang windu yang terinfeksi hepatopancreatica parvovirus (HPV). Sebanyak 10 ekor udang windu yang berasal dari tambak rakyat digunakan sebagai sampel penelitian terdiri atas 5 sampel positif terinfeksi HPV dan 5 sampel normal. Semua udang dinekropsi untuk diambil hepatopankreas dan difiksasi dengan larutan Davidson. Selanjutnya hepatopankreas dibuat preparat histopatologis sesuai dengan prosedur teknik yang biasa dilakukan di Laboratorium Patologi Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Syiah Kuala Darussalam Banda Aceh dan diwarnai dengan hematoksilin eosin (HE) serta diamati di bawah mikroskop. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada hepatopankreas udang windu yang terinfeksi HPV ditemukan adanya hipertrofi basofilik badan inklusi intranuklear, degenerasi, dan lisis sel.
KINERJA REPRODUKSI TIKUS BUNTING AKIBAT PEMBERIAN EKSTRAK ETANOL PURWOCEN
Authors: Satyaningtijas Aryani Sismin , Maheshwari Hera , Achmadi Pudji , Pribadi Wisnugroho Agung , Hapsari Sandra , Jondriatno Divo , Bustaman Isdoni , Kiranadi Bambang
Published: August 2019

Pada penelitian ini, purwoceng diberikan pada tikus betina bunting umur 1-13 hari dengan tujuan mengetahui bobot badan, ovarium, dan uterus serta mempertahankan titik implantasi yang terbentuk sebelum masa implantasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan 2 kelompok yaitu kelompok tikus bunting kontrol dan tikus bunting yang mendapatkan purwoceng dengan dosis 25 mg/300 g bobot badan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kelompok tikus yang diberi purwoceng cenderung memiliki bobot ovarium dan uterus lebih berat dibandingkan kelompok kontrol. Purwoceng juga menyebabkan jumlah titik implantasi tikus hampir mendekati jumlah korpus luteum yang sudah terbentuk, dan ini menunjukkan bahwa keberhasilan implantasi lebih baik pada kelompok tikus yang diberi purwoceng.
PERSENTASE KEBUNTINGAN KEMBAR DAN ENUKLEASI VESIKEL EMBRIO DENGAN PANDUAN ULTRASOUND PADA KUDA
Authors: A Amrozi , Tumbelaka Ligaya ITA
Published: August 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui persentase kebuntingan kembar pada kuda di Pulau Jawa dan Madura dan menguji tingkat keberhasilan enukleasi vesikel embrio dengan panduan ultrasound. Sebanyak 354 induk kuda dikawinkan secara alami dengan kebuntingan mencapai 57,6% (204 ekor) dan ditemukan 11 kebuntingan kembar (5,4%). Kebuntingan kembar dengan 2 vesikel embrio pada 10 induk dan 3 vesikel embrio pada satu induk. Pengurangan embrio dengan memberikan tekanan probe terhadap vesikel embrio berpanduan gambaran ultrasound terhadap 6 ekor kuda bunting kembar berhasil pada satu ekor induk kuda (16,6%) dan melahirkan satu anak. Semua kontrol kebuntingan kembar pada 5 induk kuda mengalami abortus pada usia kebuntingan 7-9 bulan. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Gambaran Histologis Tubulus Seminiferus Kambing Kacang Jantan Lokal Pascapemberian Suplemen Daun Katuk
Authors: Ferasyi Teuku Reza , Budiman Hamdani , Akmal Muslim , Melia Juli , R Razali , Novita Andi , Barus Rina Aulia , Suprayogi Agik
Published: August 2019

Penelitian ini mengetahui pengaruh pemberian tepung atau ekstrak alkohol daun katuk terhadap perubahan histologis testis kambing kacang lokal jantan. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan 15 ekor kambing dengan umur sekitar 1,5 tahun. Semua hewan penelitian terlebih dahulu diaklimatisasi selama 2 minggu terhadap lingkungan penelitian. Hewan-hewan tersebut dibagi menjadi 3 kelompok yang masing-masing terdiri atas 5 ekor kambing. Kelompok P0 (kontrol) telah hanya diberikan air distilasi. Pada kelompok P1, diberikan perlakuan berupa suplementasi tepung daun katuk dan untuk kelompok P2 diberikan ekstrak alkohol daun katuk. Semua perlakuan diberikan secara oral sebanyak dua kali per hari (pada pagi dan sore hari) selama 35 hari berturut-turut. Setiap kambing percobaan diberikan pakan yang terdiri atas daun-daunan dan rumput, serta disediakan akses untuk memperoleh air minum secara ad libitum. Pada akhir waktu penelitian, seluruh hewan dikastrasi dan bagian tubulus seminiferus dari testis diambil dan diproses lebih lanjut untuk evaluasi secara histologis. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa terdapat indikasi peningkatan produksi spermatid dan spermatosit pada Kelompok P1 dan P2. Dengan demikian disimpulkan bahwa pemberian suplemen daun katuk dapat meningkatkan produksi spermatid dan spermatosit kambing kacang lokal jantan.
PENAMPILAN REPRODUKSI SAPI BALI PADA SISTEM TIGA STRATA
Authors: PemayunSentana Putra2 Tjok Gde Oka , Putra Sentana , Puger W.
Published: August 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh sistem tiga strata terhadap penampilan reproduksi sapi bali. Penelitian dalam bentuk demo plot dengan rancangan acak lengkap terdiri atas 2 sistem peternakan yakni Sistem Tiga Strata (STS) dan Sistem Tradisional (NTS) dengan 5 ulangan. Sistem Tiga Strata adalah tata cara penanaman dan pemangkasan rumput dan legum (sebagai stratum 1), semak (sebagai stratum 2), dan pohon (sebagai stratum 3), sehingga pakan hijauan tersedia sepanjang tahun untuk sapi yang selalu dikandangkan. Sistem tradisional (NTS) adalah pengembalaan sapi waktu siang hari dan pengandangan waktu malam hari dengan pemberian pakan hijauan yang dipotong dari tegalan. Estrus pascapartus dan interval beranak pada sapi STS lebih pendek dibandingkan NTS. Bobot lahir dan bobot sapih pada STS lebih berat daripada NTS, sedangkan lama kebuntingan tidak menunjukkan perbedaan nyata. Penampilan reproduksi sapi bali yang dipelihara dengan sistem pemeliharaan STS lebih baik dibandingkan dengan sistem pemeliharaan NTS.
PENGOPTIMALAN METODE KROMATOGRAFI CAIR KINERJA TINGGI DALAM ANALISIS SENYAWA DELTAMETHRIN SEBAGAI RESIDU DALAM PRODUK ASAL HEWAN
Authors: Satria R. Gagak Donny , Sumiarto Bambang , Trisyono Andi , Wijayanti Dwi
Published: August 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan mendapatkan prosedur atau metode kromatografi cair kinerja tinggi (KCKT) yang valid dan optimal dalam analisis deltamethrin sebagai senyawa yang berpotensi menjadi residu dalam produk hewan. Alat utama yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah satu set KCKT Shimadzu 6.1, dengan kolom C-18 (30° C), panjang gelombang detektor UV-vis 236 nm. Fase gerak yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah asetonitril 80% dalam akuabides yang dialirkan dengan laju 1,25 ml/menit. Hasil penelitian menghasilkan kromatogram yang terlihat menunjukkan peak area yang nyata terpisah dari senyawa lain. Batas deteksi diketahui pada konsentrasi 0,1 μg/ml, sedangkan batas kuantifikasi pada konsentrasi 0,5 μg/ml. Rerata luas area untuk konsentrasi 0,5; 1; 1,5; 2; 5; dan 10 μg/ml masing-masing adalah 18.255,33; 47.142,00; 55.587,00; 64.181,33; 204.269,00; dan 395.918,00 dengan persamaan garis linier y= 39.866x-1.719,5 (R= 0,99). Hasil analisis juga menunjukkan presisi dan akurasi hasil yang baik. Hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa metode yang dikembangkan pada penelitian ini mempunyai validitas yang baik dan optimal untuk analisis deltamethrin, yang merupakan senyawa potensial menjadi residu pada produk asal hewan.
DETEKSI GEN tst ISOLAT Staphylococcus aureus MELALUI AMPLIFIKASI 23S rRNA ASAL SUSU KAMBING DAN SAPI PERAH
Authors: Prasetyo Budi , Kusumaningrum Elizabeth Novi
Published: August 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeteksi gen tst isolat Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) susu sapi perah dan susu kambing melalui amplifikasi gen 23S rRNA sebagai langkah awal pencegahan beberapa kasus keracunan susu. Metode penelitian meliputi reidentifikasi bakteri, preparasi deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), amplifikasi gen 23S rRNA, amplifikasi gen tst, dan pengurutan DNA. Hasil reidentifikasi bakteri melalui pewarnaan Gram, uji katalase, uji koagulase, uji fermentasi MSA, uji VJA, dan uji VP adalah positif bakteri S. aureus. Hasil amplifikasi gen tst terhadap 3 isolat S. aureus menunjukkan hanya 2 isolat memberikan hasil positif. Hasil positif tersebut ditandai dengan munculnya fragmen DNA yang memiliki panjang spesifik (350 bp) sesuai dengan produk polymerase chain reaction (PCR) dari referensi dan database GeneBank. Disimpulkan bahwa dengan menggunakan metode PCR dapat terdeteksi adanya gen tst pada isolat S. aureus asal susu sapi perah dan susu kambing dari Bogor.
A multicentre parallel-group randomised trial assessing multiparametric MRI characterisation and image-guided biopsy of prostate in men suspected of having prostate cancer: MULTIPROS study protocol
Authors: Szewczyk-Bieda Magdalena , Wei Cheng , Coll Katherine , Gandy Stephen , Donnan Peter , Ragupathy Senthil Kumar Arcot , Singh Paras , Wilson Jennifer , Nabi Ghulam
Published: August 2019

Background

There is growing evidence suggesting that multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) is a marker for prostate cancer (PCa) aggressiveness and could be used to plan treatment. Improving early detection of clinically significant PCa with pre-biopsy mpMRI would very likely have advantages including optimising the diagnosis and treatment of diseases and diminishing patient anxiety.

Methods and materials

This is a prospective multicentre study of pre-biopsy mpMRI diagnostic test accuracy with subgroup randomisation at a 1:1 ratio with respect to transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) and MRI/US fusion-guided biopsy or TRUS-only biopsy. It is designed as a single-gate study with a single set of inclusion criteria. The total duration of the recruitment phase was 48 months; however, this has now been extended to 66 months. A sample size of 600 participants is required.

Discussion

The primary objective is to determine whether mpMRI can improve PCa detection and characterisation. The key secondary objective is to determine whether MRI/US fusion-guided biopsy can reduce the number of false-negative biopsies. Ethical approval was obtained from the East of Scotland Research Ethics Committee 1 (14/ES/1070) on 20 November 2014. The results of this study will be used for publication and presentation in national and international journals and scientific conferences.
Assessment of cold stress in avocado cultivars based on visual, physiological and biochemical criteria
Authors: Zaro Geovanna C. , Caramori Paulo H. , Oliveira Carolina M. Gaspar de , Nagashima Getúlio T. , Rosisca Juliandra R. , Prete Cássio E. Cavenaghi
Published: August 2019

Low temperatures affect avocado plants and their response varies across genetic variants. The objective of this study was to assess cold stress of avocado cultivars based on visual, physiological, and biochemical criteria for evaluating freezing injury in these plants. The avocado cultivars ‘Geada,’ ‘Fortuna,’ ‘Fuerte,’ ‘Quintal,’ ‘Margarida,’ and ‘Primavera’ were subjected to temperatures of −2.5, −4.0, −5.0, and −6.0 °C for 1 h in a growth chamber. Their responses to cold stress were evaluated on the basis of visual damage score, photosynthetic rate, water pressure potential, protein content and enzymatic activity. Moreover, the experimental design was factorial and completely randomized with four replicates of each cultivar. An analysis of variance of the results was performed and the means were compared using Tukey’s post-hoc test (p <0.05). Evaluations based on the plants water pressure potential, total protein content, catalase activity, photosynthetic rate, and visual damage score were efficient in estimating the effects of cold stress in avocado plants. Additionally, photosynthesis and visual damage score were significantly correlated in all evaluations, enabling classification of the cultivars in terms of response to cold stress. We found that Fuerte was the most tolerant cultivar followed by Geada. The Primavera was the most sensitive cultivar.