bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
INNOVATIVE MEANS OF NORMALIZING PHYSICAL FACTORS THE ENVIRONMENT IN THE PROCESSES OF RECONSTRUCTION AND RESTORATION HISTORICAL HERITAGE OBJECTS
Authors:   Kyiv National University of Construction and Architecture, 31 Povitroflotskyi Avenue, Kyiv, 03037, Ukraine, GLYVA Valentyn , LEVCHENKO Larysa ,   National Technical University of Ukraine "Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute", Beresteyskyi ave., 37, Kyiv, 03056, Ukraine, BURDEINA Nataliia ,   yiv National University of Construction and Architecture, 31 Povitroflotskyi Avenue, Kyiv, 03037, Ukraine, TKACHENKO Tetiana ,   yiv National University of Construction and Architecture, 31 Povitroflotskyi Avenue, Kyiv, 03037, Ukraine, TWARDOWSKI Grzegorz ,   Cracow University of Technology, Faculty of Architecture, 24 Warszawska Street, 31-155, Cracow, Poland, BIRUK Yana ,   yiv National University of Construction and Architecture, 31 Povitroflotskyi Avenue, Kyiv, 03037, Ukraine, ZOZULIA Serhii ,   National Aviation University, Liubomyra Huzara ave., 1, Kyiv, 03058, Ukraine, ZOZULIA Larysa ,   National Aviation University, Liubomyra Huzara ave., 1, Kyiv, 03058, Ukraine
Published: October 2024

The problems of reconstruction and restoration of historical buildings and structures are relevant all over the world. It is especially important for Ukraine, where a large number of historical buildings and buildings of architectural value have been destroyed or damaged by military operations. The developed composite materials allow, due to their small thickness, to reduce the levels of electromagnetic fields and noise to values that meet modern international standards. A particularly important result is the reduction of low-frequency noise levels (by 12–30dB), which is practically not absorbed by building materials and structures. LED sources ultraviolet radiation can be used in the presence of people for at least 8 hours without reaching the maximum permissible exposure level of 30J/m2 according to SBM-2015. The use of LED ultraviolet radiation sources allows to increase the concentration of ions in deionized air to the standard concentration (500 cm-3) within 10 minutes according to SBM-2015 and disinfect the environment.
LOCAL ECOLOGICAL KNOWLEDGE ON LAND SNAIL DIVERSITY IN MOUNT BANAHAW, PHILIPPINES
Authors:   School of Environmental Science and Management, University of the Philippines Los Baños, College, Los Baños, Laguna 4031, Philippines, G. PEREZ Kinsley Meg , SABINO Lorena L. ,   Department of Social Forestry and Forest Governance, College of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of the Philippines Los Baños, College, Los Baños, Laguna 4031, Philippines, REBANCOS Carmelita M. ,   School of Environmental Science and Management, University of the Philippines Los Baños, College, Los Baños, Laguna 4031, Philippines, GONZALEZ Juan Carlos T. ,   Animal Biology Division, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of the Philippines Los Baños,
College, Laguna 4031, Philippines, DE CHAVEZ Emmanuel Ryan C. ,   Animal Biology Division, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of the Philippines Los Baños,
College, Laguna 4031, Philippines, CUEVAS Virginia C. ,   School of Environmental Science and Management, University of the Philippines Los Baños, College, Los Baños, Laguna 4031, Philippines; Environmental Biology Division, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of the Philippines Los Baños,
College, Lag
Published: October 2024

Local ecological knowledge (LEK) is a community-based conservation effort that promotes sustainable management of natural resources. However, studies on LEK are very limited in the Philippines. To address this information gap, LEK on land snails in Mount Banahaw, Luzon Island, Philippines was investigated. Key informant interviews and focus group discussions were conducted in the four communities (Dolores, Lucban, Tayabas and Majayjay) along the slope of the mountain. A snail calendar was used as a tool for identifying the hunting season and practices of these communities on land snails. The results showed that the communities were knowledgeable on macro land snails (>5 mm shell size) such as the introduced species, Lissachatina fulica and the endemic and edible, Ryssota otaheitana, but were unaware of micro land snails ( 5 mm shell size). Locals also demonstrated an awareness of the snails’ ecosystem functions as a food source for other animals and agents of nutrient cycling. Additionally, sustainable hunting of R. otaheitana in communities was observed. Only adult R. otaheitana were harvested, leaving the juveniles to grow and reproduce. In Lucban, the people hunted while they were waiting for the harvest season of their crops. In Tayabas, the community observed that the snail was abundant during wet and moist soil conditions when leaf litter, its primary food, decomposed easily. In Majayjay, hunting was associated with the blooming of the flowering plant, Erythrina variegata. In Dolores, hunting was practiced after clearing farmland. This research underscores the importance of determining LEK in developing policies and regulations on sustainable utilization and conservation of land snails in a tropical forest setting.
WOMEN’S CULTURAL HERITAGE IN INSCRIPTIONS OF MOESIA INFERIOR: A CROSS-CULTURAL PERSPECTIVE
Authors:   Аcademy of Romanian Scientists, Ilfov 3, 050044, Bucharest, Romania, CURCĂ Roxana-Gabriela , SANDU Ion ,   Аlexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, Interdisciplinary Research Institute – Science Departament,
11 Carol I Bulevard, 700506 Iasi, Romania; National Institute for Research and Development in Environmental Protection, 294 Splaiul Independentei,
Sector 6
Published: October 2024

This research looks at the issue of the relationship between the tangible and intangible heritage in epigraphy of women in Moesia Inferior, shedding light on their social, professional, juridic, religious status, onomastics etc. and the importance of materials used for the inscriptions (almost exclusively limestone and marble).
Вплив господарських заходів на стан ялинових захисних лісів Українських Карпат
Authors: Ivanyuk A. P. , Holubchak O. I. , Hnatyuk O. P.
Published: October 2024

Проаналізовано вплив господарських заходів на стан прилеглих лісових насаджень у смерекових лісах верхнього поясу Українських Карпат. Встановлено, що відкриті стіни лісу, які утворюються після рубок, призводять до зменшення кількості дерев у прилеглих насадженнях, зокрема найменшу кількість дерев виявлено на відстані 0-20 м від краю лісу. У смугах 20-40 м кількість дерев дещо збільшується, але все ще залишається меншою, ніж у смугах 40-60 м. Встановлено втрату 5 % запасу деревини у смугах до 20 м від зрубів і доріг. Виявлено, що в досліджуваних насадженнях переважає ялина зі щіткоподібним типом гілкування, тоді як гребеневий тип трапляється рідше (до 10 %), а пластинчастий – у 25 % дерев. Розподіл дерев за ступенем пошкодження крони такий: 46,6 % мають незначне пошкодження (до 10 %), 38,7 % – середнє пошкодження (30-35 %), 10,9 % – сильне пошкодження (50-55 %) і 3,8 % – дуже сильне пошкодження (понад 60 %). Переважання дерев із щіткоподібним типом гілкування та їхня менша пошкодженість є важливими чинниками під час оцінювання впливу рубок і доріг на стан насаджень. Виявлено, що 14,7 % дерев у відкритих частинах насаджень перебувають у критичному стані й можуть невдовзі перейти до категорії вітровальних та сухостійних. Загальна кількість підросту лісотвірних видів у прилеглих до зрубів насадженнях змінюється від 0,83 до 22,73 тис. шт./га, причому домінують клен-явір і ялина європейська. Із збільшенням висоти над рівнем моря. інтенсивність лісовідновних процесів знижується, проте на схилах південної експозиції кількість підросту є найбільшою незалежно від висоти. Основна кількість підросту зосереджена на відстані 0-20 м від краю лісу, де умови освітленості покращились, що призвело до збільшення кількості підросту в 2-10 разів порівняно зі смугами 20-40 та 40-60 м. Отже, вжиття лісогосподарських заходів і поліпшення умов освітленості сприяють активізації лісовідновних процесів. Отримані результати можуть бути використані під час планування лісокористування в гірських захисних лісах, що дасть змогу посилити їх захисні функції та біологічну стійкість.
Концептуальні засади реконструкції внутрішньоквартальних садів Центральної України
Authors: Pushka I. M.
Published: October 2024

Проаналізовано проблеми експлуатації внутрішньоквартальних скверів і садів в Україні, які мають системний характер та не виконують своїх основних функцій. На підставі здійсненого ландшафтного оцінювання розроблено типові проєктні пропозиції з реконструкції внутрішньоквартальних скверів на прикладі скверу "Сонячний" м. Черкаси, який розташований у Правобережному Лісостепу України. Досліджено, що основними компонентами скверу є деревні (20 %) та кущові (5 %) насадження. Різнотрав'я займає близько 75 % від загальної площі, відведеної під зелені насадження. Склад дендрофлори налічує 14 таксонів, які належать до 10 родин, а саме: Rosaceae Juss, Ulmaceae Mirb, Sapindaceae Juss, тощо. З них за життєвими формами 85 % дерев і 15 % кущів. З'ясовано, що досліджуваний ландшафт є малоцінним, для якого характерний вкрай низькі архітектурно-естетичні якості компонентів. Багато насаджень має незадовільний стан, спричинений біотичними та абіотичними чинниками. Встановлено, що у сквері немає функціональних елементів, на кшталт дитячого та спортивного майданчиків, місць для відпочинку, системи освітлення, декоративних рослинних композицій, які можуть забезпечити відвідувачам комфортні умови перебування. Основою концепції реконструкції внутрішньоквартальних скверів є створення різноманітних зон: вхідної, тихого відпочинку, прогулянкової, зони активного відпочинку для заняття спортом, дитячої, ігрової тощо. Концепцію проєктних пропозицій розроблено на принципах композиції, враховуючи сучасні вимоги населення щодо об'єктів рекреації. Запропоновано оптимальні варіанти проєктних рішень реконструкції внутрішньоквартальних скверів, які відповідають сучасним вимогам функціональності, екологічності та декоративності територій загального користування. У роботі представлено візуалізації проєктних рішень, які дають змогу краще зрозуміти планувальну структуру проєкту. Запропоновано для озеленення рослини на кшталт Philadelphus coronarius L., Rhus typhina L., Chaenomeles japonica 'Red Joy', Syringa josikaea Jacq., Acer ginnala 'Flame', Acer platanoides 'Globosum' широкого екологічного спектра для використання в усіх агрокліматичних зонах України.
Моделі адаптивної системи розумного будинку на базі мереж петрі та моделей Маркова
Authors: Beregovska Kh. V. , Teslyuk V. M.
Published: October 2024

Сучасні системи розумного будинку потребують активної взаємодії з її користувачем, що дає змогу забезпечити високий рівень комфорту його мешканців і економії енергоносіїв. Понад це, взаємодія має бути максимально непомітною та не нав'язливою для користувача системи розумного будинку, нагадувати у зручній формі про важливі події, допомагати або, в автоматичному режимі, вирішити побутові проблеми та ін. Для вирішення цієї технічної проблеми та врахування зазначеної вище множини функцій, було запропоновано апаратно-програмну технічну систему, що використовує спеціальні мікроконтролерні засоби з системою давачів і актюаторів, апаратні засоби зв'язку, розроблене програмне забезпечення, що містить моделі управління на підставі мереж Петрі-Маркова, які дають змогу опрацьовувати дані від давачів і визначати активності користувача, опрацьовувати їх за спеціальними алгоритмами та видавати керувальні сигнали на актюатори (виконавчі пристрої), які будуть, залежно від ймовірностей настання тих чи інших подій, вмикати чи вимикати побутові пристрої тощо. Окрім цього, моделі управління на підставі мереж Петрі-Маркова дають змогу враховувати ймовірнісні процеси в системах розумного будинку, що надзвичайно важливо для систем п'ятого рівня інтелектуалізації. Запропонований підхід дає змогу: виконати комплексний аналіз найрізноманітніших сценаріїв розвитку подій в системах розумного будинку; дослідити динаміку та надійність як всієї системи, так і окремих її складників ще на системному рівні проєктування; вилучити неоднозначні ситуації під час спрацювання розгалужених переходів; врахувати ймовірнісні процеси, якими так переповнені системи розумного будинку; здійснити декомпозицію довільного рівня. Розроблено моделі управління на підставі мереж Петрі-Маркова та проведено їх дослідження. У процесі аналізу цих моделей та їх дослідження побудовано графи досяжності станів системи для аналізованих сценаріїв функціонування системи розумного будинку. Отримані результати демонструють скінченність та досяжність усіх станів виконання сценаріїв з використанням розроблених моделей управління, здатність моделювання та опрацювання різних сценаріїв функціонування в адаптивній системі розумного будинку. Найважливішою особливістю запропонованого підходу є долучення функціональних компонент системи (сенсори і актюатори), які представляють апаратний складник системи, в модель управління на базі мереж Петрі-Маркова, внаслідок чого розроблено моделі якісно нового функціонального рівня. Подальші дослідження передбачають апаратну реалізацію адаптивної системи розумного будинку з використанням моделей управління на підставі мереж Петрі-Маркова та реалізацію програмного ядра засобами розроблених моделей.
Constructal Design Applied to an Overtopping Wave Energy Converter Locate on Paraná Coast in Brazil
Authors: Amaral da Silva Sthefany , Corrêa Martins Jaifer , Domingues dos Santos Elizaldo , Alberto Oliveira Rocha Luiz , Neves Machado Bianca , André Isoldi Liércio , Das Neves Gomes Mateus
Published: October 2024

This research aims a numerical and geometrical investigation about an Overtopping Device Wave Energy Converter (OTD-WEC). Constructal Design method was employed to perform a geometric evaluation of this OTD-WEC submitted to ocean waves with similar characteristics of the coastal region of Paraná State – Pontal do Paraná city in southern Brazil, located 41 km from the coast and 30 m water deep. It was analyzed two different significant wave heights, HS1 = 1.25 m and HS2 = 1.50 m. In each set, it were simulated 10 cases with different ramp angles, totaling 20 numerical simulations. The main goal was to evaluate the influence of the ramp angle on the water mass flow rate entering the reservoir. Therefore, through the Construtal Design, the degree of freedom (DOF) H1/L1 (ratio between the height and length of the ramp) was varied, considering a constant area of the ramp. For the numerical analysis, a two-dimensional computational model was employed using the commercial software Ansys Fluent, which is based on the Finite Volume Method (FVM). The multiphase Volume of Fluid (VOF) model was applied to tackle with the water-air interaction. The results showed that the best geometric configurations happened for those cases with smaller ramp angles. In addition, a reconfiguration of the ramp angles, keeping the area fixed, allowed a significant improvement in the OTD-WEC available power.
Computing Quadratic Eigenvalues and Solvent by a New Minimization Method and a Split-Linearization Technique
Authors: Liu Chein-Shan , Kuo Chung-Lun , Chang Chih-Wen
Published: October 2024

To solve quadratic eigenvalue problems (QEPs), especially the gyroscopic systems, two methods are proposed: an iterative direct detection method (DDM) of the complex eigenvalues of the original QEP, and a split-linearization method (SLM) for finding the solvent matrix, which results to a standard linear eigenvalue problem (LEP) being solved to compute all eigenvalues by the symmetry extension. Reducing the dimension to one-half, the LEP is recast in a simpler QEP involving the square of the solvent. We set up two new merit functions which are minimized to detect the complex eigenvalues from the original QEP and a simpler QEP. For each eigen-parameter the merit function consists of the Euclidean norm of each derived eigen-equation, whose vector variable is solved from a derived inhomogeneous linear system. Then, the golden section search algorithm is employed to minimize the merit functions and locate the complex eigenvalue as a local minimal point. The results are compared with that computed by the cyclic-reduction-based solvent (CRS) method.
Propolis Extract Attenuates NF-κB Activation and Chronic Kidney Disease Progression in a Rat Model: Potential Surgical Adjuvant?
Authors: Aulia Agung Sanubari  , Darmawan Ismail  , Kristanto Yuli Yarsa
Published: October 2024

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global health concern often complicated by cardiovascular diseases like atherosclerosis. Both conditions share an inflammatory pathogenesis, with nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) playing a central role. Propolis, a natural bee product with anti-inflammatory properties, has shown potential in mitigating CKD progression. This study aimed to investigate the effects of propolis extract on NF-κB activation in a rat model of CKD, exploring its potential benefits as a surgical adjuvant.
Methods: Male white rats (Rattus norvegicus) were divided into three groups: a control group, a CKD group, and a CKD+Propolis group receiving propolis extract (200 mg/kg body weight) daily for 20 days. CKD was induced using the unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) method. NF-κB levels were measured weekly using ELISA.
Results: Propolis extract significantly reduced NF-κB levels in the CKD+Propolis group compared to the CKD group (p<0.05). This effect was consistently observed across all time points, indicating a sustained reduction in NF-κB activation with propolis treatment.
Conclusion: Propolis extract effectively attenuates NF-κB activation in a rat model of CKD, suggesting its potential as an adjunctive therapy for CKD management, particularly in the context of surgical interventions. Further research is needed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and evaluate its efficacy in human subjects.
Impacts of Carbon Sequestration Projects on Household Income, and Consumption Expenditure of Smallholder Farmers in Meru County, Kenya
Authors: Kibe Winnie Nkatha , Mburu Benson , Ndunda Ezekiel
Published: October 2024

Mitigation of climate change has led to the initiation of carbon sequestration projects in the developing countries in compliance with the Kyoto protocol of 1997. The protocol goal was for industrialized countries to reduce their greenhouse emission by funding carbon projects in developing countries. The study focused on voluntary carbon projects involving smallholder farmer practicing agroforestry. The impacts of these projects on farmers’ household income and consumption expenditure were evaluated. A survey and quasi-experimental research design targeting 207 smallholder farmers was conducted in three wards within Igembe South Sub- County namely Athiru Gaiti, Akachiu and Kiegoi/Antubochiu. Data was collected from secondary sources and primary sources. The data was analyzed using propensity matching techniques. The results showed participation in the carbon sequestration program has a significant impact on the income (t= -3.8081 w/df 205, p=0.0002) at a significant level 0.05. Consumption expenditure of the participant was also significant (t= -4.7034 w/df 205, p= 0.0000). Exotic tree species were more preferred to indigenous trees species. Grevillea robusta (A. Cunn. Ex R. Br) although naturalized, was the most preferred exotic tree species (33.9%) while (17%) of the respondents planted Cussonia holstii (Harms ex Engl.) - an indigenous tree species. Income status of majority (86%, f=77/90) farmers participating in the carbon program increased. Expenditure status of majority (68%, f=61/90) of participating farmers in the project also increased. Savings, inflation, alternative uses led to decrease in consumption expenditure. The study recommends the carbon sequestration project be expanded in more areas, conduction of awareness campaigns to reach more farmers, increase of the carbon credit amount paid to the farmer, the project proponent and partners to continue assisting farmers with tree seedlings for free. The study also recommends use of multipurpose exotic tree species since they have a fast growth rate
Dietary Protein Consumption Pattern in Hyperphosphatemia Management Among Haemodialysis Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study at Kenyatta National Hospital, Kenya
Authors: Mbogo Alexander , Ngala Sophia , Andago Angela , Kahenya Peter , Mac’glegeyo Seth
Published: October 2024

Poor nutrition status in haemodialysis patients is associated with high mortality rates. A low phosphorus diet is likely to compromise dietary protein intake and nutrition status in this population. This study evaluated dietary protein consumption pattern and nutrition status among forty out-patient haemodialysis patients from Renal Unit at Kenyatta National Hospital using cross-sectional study. The Chi-square test and Kruskal‒Wallis H test were used to determine relationship between variables. More than half (58%) of the patients were male. Study participants had a mean age of 45.4±14.7 years with the majority (40%) between 40-59 years. More than three quarters (88%) had poor nutrition status with more than a third (38%) severely undernourished. More than half of the patients (53%) had dialysed for a period of more than one year. Most of study participants consumed only five types of legumes. Yellow bean, butterfly Kenyan kidney bean, butterfly haricot bean, red kidney bean and green lentil were commonly consumed legumes; 2-4 times per week by 45%, 23%, 23%, 8% and 15% of the patients respectively. Beef was the most consumed animal protein by more than half (53%) of the patients in 2-4 times a week. Second most consumed animal protein was egg white at least 2-3 times a week.  Majority of the patients (58%) had poor knowledge scores (<50 % score) on food phosphorus reduction food preparation procedures in protein rich foods. This study found high prevalence of poor nutrition status and inadequate consumption of dietary protein among haemodialysis patients. This study recommends nutrition education and counseling on locally available dietary proteins and their preparation in order to meet dietary protein requirements without risk of hyperphosphatemia
Navigating new horizons in inflammatory bowel disease: Integrative approaches and innovations
Authors: Zhang Shi-Yan
Published: October 2024

This editorial offers an updated synthesis of the major advancements in the management and treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), as documented in the World Journal of Gastroenterology between 2023 and early 2024. This editorial explores substantial developments across key research areas, such as intestinal microecology, computational drug discovery, dual biologic therapy, telemedicine, and the integration of lifestyle changes into patient care. Furthermore, the discussion of emerging topics, including bowel preparation in colonoscopy, the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, and the intersection between IBD and mental health, reflects a shift toward a more holistic approach to IBD research. By integrating these diverse areas of research, this editorial seeks to promote a holistic and multidisciplinary approach to IBD treatment, combining emerging technologies, personalized medicine, and conventional therapies to improve patient outcomes.
Addressing diagnostic delays in inflammatory bowel diseases in Germany
Authors: Zhang Shi-Yan , Lin Yin
Published: October 2024

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), including Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis, are chronic inflammatory conditions of the gastrointestinal tract that necessitate timely diagnosis to prevent complications and improve patient outcomes. Despite advancements in medical knowledge and diagnostic techniques, significant diagnostic delays persist, particularly in CD. The study by Blüthner et al , published in the World Journal of Gastroenterology , elucidates the diagnostic delays experienced by German patients with IBD and identifies key risk factors contributing to these delays.
Методологические основания философско-правовой концепции Г. В. Ф. Гегеля
Authors: Афанасьевский В.Л.
Published: October 2024

Статья посвящена экспликации методологических оснований философско-правового учения представителя немецкого классического идеализма Г. В. Ф. Гегеля. Автор показывает, что немецкий философ исходит из того факта, что право представляет собой наличное существование свободной воли. Следовательно, начальным пунктом теоретических построений гегелевской концепции права как целостной системы выступает именно свободная воля. Развертывание теоретизирования по поводу права философ начинает с наиболее бедного по содержанию понятия, которым предстает абстрактное право. Автор подробно демонстрирует тот факт, что движение теоретической мысли в гегелевском трактате «Философия права» осуществляется с использованием методологического инструмента, разработанного еще в трактате «Наука логики». Этим методом выступает процедура перехода от абстрактного понятия к конкретному. Понятие «абстрактное право» выступает именно как абстрактное, то есть бедное содержанием понятие, но оно же содержит в себе в свернутом виде все возможные единичности, выражающие сферу права. Задача теоретического движения развернуть все эти единичные определения, выявить их сущность, чтобы затем вновь собрать в органическую систему права, но уже как конкретного понятия, то есть насыщенного содержанием. Автор акцентирует внимание и на том факте, что данный метод был использован К. Марксом в его критике политической экономии, а именно в трактате «Капитал».

The article is devoted to explication of methodological foundations of philosophical and legal doctrine of the representative of German classical idealism G. W. F. Hegel. The author shows that the German philosopher proceeds from the fact that the right represents the existence of free will. On this basis, the starting point of theoretical constructions of Hegel's concept of law as an integral system is free will. The philosopher begins his theorizing about law with the poorest concept in terms of content, which is abstract law. The author demonstrates in detail the fact that the movement of theoretical thought in Hegel's Philosophy of Right is carried out using a methodological tool developed in the Science of Logic. This method is the procedure of ascent from the abstract to the concrete. The concept of abstract law appears as an abstract concept, i.e. a concept poor in content, but it also contains all possible singularities expressing the sphere of law. The task of the theoretical movement is to unfold all these singular definitions, to reveal their essence, in order to then reassemble them into an organic system of law, though already as a concrete concept, i.e. rich in content. The author emphasizes the fact that this method was used by K. Marx in his criticism of political economy, i.e. in his treatise «Capital».
СОЛОВЕЦКАЯ ТЮРЬМА В XVI–XVII ВЕКАХ
Authors: Манюхин И.С.
Published: October 2024

Соловецкая монастырская тюрьма сыграла важную роль в сложении сначала дореволюционной, а потом и советской пенитенциарной системы. Она существовала с начала XVI в. до 1903 г. Этот длительный период функционирования учреждения, с нашей точки зрения, следует разделить на два исторических этапа: досинодальный (с момента основания до 1709 г.) и синодальный (с 1709 до 1903 гг.). В досинодальный период Православная церковь являлась неотъемлемой частью государственной системы, соперничая с государственной властью, а при патриархе Никоне временно даже возвышаясь над ней, в синодальный – полностью подчинилась монаршьей воле. Такое изменение положения Церкви в иерархии государственной власти непосредственно сказалось и на эволюции Соловецкой тюрьмы. Так, среди первых ее узников преобладали люди, совершившие разного рода религиозные преступления и проступки. Основным наказанием за эти действия было церковное покаяние. С XVIII в. заметно выросло число арестантов, сосланных в заточение за государственные и политические преступления, что привело к усилению репрессивно-карательного характера учреждения. В статье обобщены материалы основных исследований по истории тюрьмы, дана характеристика первого этапа ее существования. Выявлены и охарактеризованы состав, количество и категории узников, условия их содержания, виды преступлений и наказаний за них.

The Solovetsky monastery prison played an important role in the formation of the first pre-revolutionary, and then the Soviet penitentiary system. It existed from the beginning of the XVI century. until 1903. This long period of functioning of the institution, from our point of view, should be divided into two historical stages – pre-synodal, from its foundation to 1709, and synodal from 1709 to 1903. In the pre-synodal period, the Orthodox Church was an integral part of the state system, competing with state power, and under Patriarch Nikon, temporarily even towering above it, into the synodal – completely obeying the monarch's will. Such a change in the position of the Church in the hierarchy of state power directly affected the evolution of the Solovetsky prison. Thus, among its first prisoners, people who committed various kinds of religious crimes and misdemeanors prevailed. The main punishment for these actions was church repentance. Since the XVIII century the number of prisoners exiled to captivity for state and political crimes has noticeably increased, which led to an increase in the repressive and punitive nature of the institution. The article summarizes the materials of the main studies on the history of the institution, describes the first stage of its existence. The composition, number and categories of prisoners, the conditions of their detention, the categories of crimes and misdemeanors and the types of punishments for them have been identified and characterized.
МЕДИЦИНСКАЯ ИНФОРМАЦИОННО-АНАЛИТИЧЕСКАЯ СИСТЕМА “ЭХИНОКОККОЗ У ДЕТЕЙ” В ДЕТСКОЙ ХИРУРГИИ
Authors: Shamsiev Jamshid Azamatovich , Unabayev Jasur Oromovich , Shamsiyev Rustam Jamshidovich , Igamova Saodat Suratovna
Published: October 2024

Practical experience of working with MIAS "Echinococcosis in Children" on processing long-term data at the Specialized Pediatric Surgical Clinic of Samarkand State Medical University, which included 627 children, showed its high effectiveness in scientific information analysis and ease of system mastery.
EDUCATIONAL METHODS AND TECHNIQUES FOR TEACHING SHUKHRAT'S WORKS
Authors:   Teacher of Nukus State Pedagogical Institute, (PhD), Uzbekistan, Jalgasovna Aldasheva Shirin
Published: October 2024

The article provides an analytical overview of the writer's use of educational technologies, methods, and challenges in teaching Shukhrat's stories.
AN EXPLORATION OF HOW THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC HAS SHAPED DIGITAL PEDAGOGY AND INFLUENCED TEACHERS AND LEARNERS -A STUDY BASED ON THE MANGALURU REGION
Authors: KEERTHAN
Published: October 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic necessitated an unexpected, rapid pivot to online education across school districts in Mangaluru. As emergency remote teaching has given way to more permanent integrations of technology-enabled instructional models, there remains a need to examine the resulting outcomes for regional students and teachers. This exploratory study aims to understand how this sudden, immense digital adoption has shaped academic approaches and influenced learners and educators specifically in the Mangaluru area. Using surveys and focus groups, the attitudes, experiences and perceptions of teachers, students, parents and administrators will be analyzed to assess localised trends, benefits, challenges and impacts associated with pandemic-prompted pedagogical transformations. Key dimensions planned for investigation include academic engagement, social-emotional well-being, digital literacy and skills development, teacher workloads and support systems, and student performance and equitable access. By gathering rich insights around stakeholder experiences, the research seeks to provide Mangaluru education leaders, policymakers and curriculum designer’s valuable data for informing effective digital integration strategies, staff support and training programs, and access-improvement initiatives tailored to the needs of regional learner demographics. With technology-immersive classrooms likely persisting post-pandemic, findings will aid local decision-makers in maximising academic promise while safeguarding learner growth and nurturing robust communities of empowered 21st-century teachers and students.
New design of operational MEMS bridges for measurements of properties of FEBID-based nanostructures
Authors: Pruchnik Bartosz , Kwoka Krzysztof , Gacka Ewelina , Badura Dominik , Kunicki Piotr , Sierakowski Andrzej , Janus Paweł , Piasecki Tomasz , Gotszalk Teodor
Published: October 2024

Focused electron beam-induced deposition (FEBID) is a novel technique for the development of multimaterial nanostructures. More importantly, it is applicable to the fabrication of free-standing nanostructures. Experimenting at the nanoscale requires instruments with sufficient resolution and sensitivity to measure various properties of nanostructures. Such measurements (regardless of the nature of the quantities being measured) are particularly problematic in the case of free-standing nanostructures, whose properties must be separated from the measurement system to avoid possible interference. In this paper, we propose novel devices, namely operational micro-electromechanical system (opMEMS) bridges. These are 3D substrates with nanometer-scale actuation capability and equipped with electrical contacts characterised by leakage resistances above 100 GΩ, which provide a platform for comprehensive measurements of properties (i.e., resistance) of free-standing FEBID structures. We also present a use case scenario in which an opMEMS bridge is used to measure the resistance of a free-standing FEBID nanostructure.
NEWS PRODUCTION MANAGEMENT ”JABAR SABER HOAKS” IN OVERCOMING THE HOAX OUTBREAK ON SOCIAL MEDIA
Authors: Febrianti Ranti , Nurhadi Zikri Fachrul , Latifah Hanny
Published: October 2024

This research emerged due to the increasing number of fake news on social media which has negative impacts such as misinformation and propaganda. This problem is getting worse because widespread access to social media is exacerbating the situation, even triggering social conflict. To overcome this, the West Java Diskominfo established Jabar Saber Hoaks on Instagram and websites to verify fake news and reduce its spread. The aim of this research is to understand how West Java Saber Hoaks manages news production in dealing with the spread of fake news on social media. This research uses a qualitative descriptive method with data collection techniques through in-depth interviews and observation. News production management is observed based on George R. Terry's management principles which include Planning, Organizing, Actuating, and Controlling or POAC. Research subjects included division heads, coordinators, dissemination heads, and West Java Saber Hoaks social media managers. The research results show that West Java Saber Hoax implements planning steps by setting priorities and analyzing hoax trends. Organizing is carried out by teams responsible for fact checking and social media. The clarification process is carried out by checking facts first, then distributing verified information through social media and websites. Control is carried out by monitoring the reach and response to clarifying news. In conclusion, Jabar Saber Hoaks has carried out careful planning, efficient organization, active implementation and careful control in fighting fake news on social media.
Assessment of ADIS 16364 for the Examination of Ship Motions in the Free-Running Model
Authors: Jamal Jamal , Sulisetyono Aries , Aryawan Wasis Dwi , Hafiz Muhammad Alimul , Ali Baharuddin
Published: October 2024

The ADIS 16364 instrument is frequently employed for direct measurement of ship motion on ships. However, the validation process for ADIS 16364, to assure its reliability in monitoring ship motion, has not yet been completed. The ship motion model test conducted at the hydrodynamics laboratory utilizes the free-running test technique in conjunction with the QUALISYS motion capture system and the ADIS 16364 device. The purpose of this assessment is to ascertain the instrument's appropriateness for performing ship motion testing. The ADIS device is composed of two components: an accelerometer and a gyroscope. These components are employed to quantify the acceleration of the ship's heave motion and the rotational velocity of its pitch and roll motions, respectively. Utilizing a motion capture system, the QUALISYS Motion Capture System records the motion of a ship model. The examination evaluates two discrete waves produced, comprising two cases of regular waves measuring 10 centimetres in height and 1.5 seconds in period and two cases of irregular waves measuring 16 centimetres in height and 1.75 seconds in period. The elevation motion data in the time domain is acquired from the measurements of the instrument via a wireless system. Following this, various numerical processing methods are implemented, including the moving average filter and cumulative trapezoidal numerical integration. As a result, the root mean square percentage error (RMSPE) discrepancies between the two measuring instruments for regular waves are restricted to a maximum of 5.7% for roll motion and fall below 4% for heave and pitch motions. In the results of the model test response, every movement in both the regular wave and irregular wave scenarios is the same because it does not have an RMSPE of more than 5%.
The Effect of Dorminatory Environment and Character Development on Student Motivation at Bumi Kartika Asri Jatinangor
Authors: Yuningsih Yuningsih , Jusdijachlan R. , Roswinna Winna
Published: October 2024

This Study Entitled The Influence Of Competency And Teacher Performance On Student Learning Motivation In Muhammadiyah 6 Bandung Middle School. This research is conducted on the basis that the competencies that must be possessed by the teacher as the mandate of the Law and the performance of the teacher both in educating, guiding and teaching students will have a positive impact on the formation of student motivation. The purpose of this study was to see the effect of teacher competency and performance on student learning motivation. The research method used is descriptive quantitative method as a lot of research demanded to use numbers, starting from data collection, interpretation of the data, and the appearance of the results, but in the final results a descriptive description of the final conclusions from the calculation of the numbers is clearly explained. The final results of this study are looking at the effectiveness of teacher competencies, looking at teacher performance and student motivation so far in the field. And the main outcome of this study is to see how much influence the competence and performance of teachers have on student motivation seen from the results of the analysis data using SPSS 23.
O processo de planejamento e construção metodológica da pesquisa em educação
Authors: Santos Lucilene da Costa Borges dos , Nazareno Glênio Gomes , Reisdörfer Grasiele
Published: October 2024

Introdução: o presente artigo aborda as dimensões teórico-metodológicas que implicam no processo de planejamento e construção metodológica da pesquisa em educação, salientando a relevância da ética na pesquisa em educação. Objetivo: levantar algumas questões sobre os desafios atuais que o pesquisador enfrenta no processo de construção da metodologia da sua pesquisa nesta área. Métodos: para fins metodológicos, trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, aquela que analisa os aspectos dinâmicos e subjetivos dos fenômenos sociais e do comportamento humano. O referido estudo utilizou-se das contribuições dos autores Gatti (2012), Ortigão e Pereira (2016), Mainardes (2017), Brooks, Riele e Maguire (2017), entre outros autores nacionais e internacionais. Conclusão: ao final deste trabalho, pretende-se fomentar uma reflexão acerca dos critérios relevantes no processo de planejamento e construção metodológica da pesquisa entre os membros da comunidade de pesquisadores em educação.
A Nation Yet to Be Discovered: The Romanian Reception of Keith Hitchins’s Studies on Modern Transylvania
Authors: Nedici Radu
Published: October 2024

This article attempts an assessment of Keith Hitchins’s legacy on the question of the intellectual origins and development of the Romanian nation in Transylvania from the late eighteenth to the early twentieth century. I focus on how his works have been read by scholars of different generations in Romania, mostly through an analysis of the reviews his books received in both scientific journals and the popular press. Closely linked to the political context of the 1960s–70s and after 1989, I suggest his success in Romanian academia rested mainly on him being perceived as a foreigner who was able to write truthfully about one of Romania’s most intimate historical topics. It is my contention that the consequence has been a lack of critical engagement with Hitchins’s idea of nation, which led to a failure to assimilate the implicit constructivist approach at the core of his investigation.
Repetition with a difference
Authors: Burszta Jędrzej , Kurowicka Anna
Published: October 2024

The paper examines how the return to Westeros demonstrates the audiences’ desire for “repetition with a difference,” focusing on the political underpinnings of worldbuilding and storytelling presented in
House of the Dragon
(2022–). A prequel to
Game of Thrones
,
HOTD
repeats the setting and many crucial figures, dynamics, and plot points of the original. Seemingly in response to fan criticism of the politics of representation in terms of race, gender, and sexuality in
GOT
, though,
HOTD
envisions a past of Westeros that strangely seems more progressive than its storyworld’s “future.” We argue that these temporal shifts can be read productively through the concept of queer temporality, challenging linear notions of time and progress.
HOTD
presents a seemingly progressive narrative that locates queerness and racial diversity in the past; in this vision, any potential progress thus becomes confined to the past, disappearing from the future of this fantasy storyworld. We argue that attending to the slight shifts in emphasis between
GOT
and
HOTD
provides an opportunity to identify changes in audiences’ expectations. We ask: what kind of queer pleasures are mobilized when audiences are invited to revisit a familiar world, but also to re-memory
GOT
, the original text, with the knowledge of its diverse past as depicted in
HOTD
?
The significance of public space in assessing architectural heritage
Authors: Coll-Pla Sergio , Medina-Sánchez Tatiana , Cuzziramos-Gutiérrez Fernando , Mayta-Ponce Denis L. , Málaga-Montoya Daniel , Costa-Jover Agustí , Mallafrè-Balsells Cèlia
Published: October 2024

This study examines the relationship between public spaces surrounding heritage buildings in Arequipa, Peru, and social perceptions of these structures. Focusing on buildings recognized as significant architectural landmarks by the magazine “El arquitecto Peruano” founded by Belaunde Terry. The research reveals a weak correlation between the quality of the surrounding public space and the society’s appreciation of the architectural edifice. However, certain buildings stand out in public esteem, notably Plaza de Armas, Convento de Santa Catalina, Iglesia de la Compañía, Templo de Yanahuara, Iglesia de San Agustín, and Iglesia de Cayma, primarily due to their Ba-roque-mestizo architectural style. The text emphasizes the pivotal role of public spaces in the evaluation of architectural heritage. This research sheds light on the complex interplay between architectural heritage, public spaces, and social perception, offering valuable insights for urban planning and heritage preservation initiatives.
Discovering Subsolar Metallicity Brown Dwarf Candidates in the Small Magellanic Cloud
Authors: Zeidler Peter , Sabbi Elena , Nota Antonella , Manjavacas Elena , Jones Olivia C. , Pacifici Camilla
Published: October 2024

We present the discovery of the first rich population of brown dwarf candidates (cBD) at subsolar metallicity, observed by JWST outside the Milky Way (MW) in the young SMC star cluster NGC 602. Located in the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) “wing,” in a very low-density environment (1.3 cm−3) and at subsolar metallicity, NGC 602 is very young, with an age of 2–3 Myr. The low stellar density in this star cluster together with JWST NIRCam images in eight filters allowed us to individually resolve and derive accurate photometric measurements for 64 candidate BDs with masses ranging from 0.05 to 0.08 M
⊙ or 50 to 84 M
Jup, according to brown dwarf (BD) evolutionary models. This is the first detection of a young BD population outside the MW. Their spatial distribution indicates that they appear colocated with the pre-main-sequence stars. Although further detailed work is required to quantitatively derive the initial mass function and confirm the true nature of the cBD, this discovery is particularly relevant in the effort to refine our understanding of the subsolar mass function at very low metallicities and young ages.
Variable Ionized Disk Winds in MAXI J1803−298 Revealed by NICER
Authors: Zhang Zuobin , Bambi Cosimo , Liu Honghui , Jiang Jiachen , Shi Fangzheng , Zhang Yuexin , Young Andrew J. , Tomsick John A. , Coughenour Benjamin M. , Zhou Menglei
Published: October 2024

We present the results from the NICER observation data of MAXI J1803−298 across the entire 2021 outburst. In the intermediate and soft state, we detect significant absorption lines at ∼7.0 and ∼6.7 keV, arising from X-ray disk winds outflowing with a velocity of hundreds of km s−1 along our line of sight. The fitting results from the photoionized model suggest that the winds are driven by thermal pressure and the mass-loss rate is low. We find a clear transition for iron from predominantly H-like to predominantly He-like during the intermediate-to-soft state transition. Our results indicate this transition for iron is caused by the evolution of the illuminating spectrum and the slow change of the geometric properties of the disk winds together. The coexistence of disk winds and quasiperiodic oscillation features in the intermediate state is also reported. Our study makes MAXI J1803−298 the first source in which a transition from optical winds to X-ray winds is detected, offering new insights into the evolution of disk winds across an entire outburst and long-term coupling of accretion disks and mass outflows around accreting black holes.
Physical and Mutual Orbit Characteristics of Near-Earth Binary Asteroid (163693) Atira
Authors: Deleon Aaron P. , Marshall Sean E. , Becker Tracy M. , Pravec Petr , Howell Ellen S. , Nolan Michael C. , Virkki Anne K. , Rivera-Valentín Edgard G. , Taylor Patrick A. , Bolin Bryce T. , Aponte-Hernández Beth , Cabrera Israel , Kušnirák Peter , Hornoch Kamil , Kučáková Hana
Published: October 2024

We report physical and mutual orbit characteristics of near-Earth binary asteroid (163693) Atira. Using S-band (2380 MHz, 12.6 cm) radar observations from the Arecibo Observatory and several epochs of lightcurve observations from 2003 to 2019 with SHAPE modeling software, we determine the shape, size, rotational period, and mutual orbit of the primary and secondary components and the density of the primary component. We confirm the primary’s sidereal rotation period to be 3.398521 ± 0.000003 hr, and we find a likely spin axis orientation of ecliptic longitude and latitude (187°, −53°) ± 12°. We find the primary’s volume-equivalent diameter to be 4.92 ± 0.95 km and the secondary’s volume-equivalent diameter to be 0.80 ± 0.30 km. We find the primary component’s density to be 1.43 ± 0.87 g cm−3. We also find that the secondary has a semimajor axis of 7.8 ± 0.5 km and a sidereal orbital period of 15.577 ± 0.003 hr based on orbital calculations using delay and Doppler offsets between the primary and secondary and the timing of mutual events observed in lightcurve data. This work represents the first detailed analysis of the shape of an Atira-class asteroid.