bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli exhibit diverse spatiotemporal epidemiological characteristics across the globe
Authors: Huang Jiewen , Lv Chao , Li Min , Rahman Tanvir , Chang Yung-Fu , Guo Xiaokui , Song Zhen , Zhao Yanan , Li Qingtian , Ni Peihua , Zhu Yongzhang
Published: January 2024

Carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli (CREC) poses a severe global public health risk. This study reveals the worldwide geographic spreading patterns and spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of resistance genes in 7918 CREC isolates belonging to 497 sequence types (ST) and originating from 75 countries. In the last decade, there has been a transition in the prevailing STs from highly virulent ST131 and ST38 to higher antibiotic-resistant ST410 and ST167. The rise of multi-drug resistant strains of CREC carrying plasmids with extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) resistance genes could be attributed to three important instances of host-switching events. The spread of CREC was associated with the changing trends in blaNDM-5, blaKPC-2, and blaOXA-48, as well as the plasmids IncFI, IncFII, and IncI. There were intercontinental geographic transfers of major CREC strains. Various crucial transmission hubs and patterns have been identified for ST131 in the United Kingdom, Italy, the United States, and China, ST167 in India, France, Egypt, and the United States, and ST410 in Thailand, Israel, the United Kingdom, France, and the United States. This work is valuable in managing CREC infections and preventing CREC occurrence and transmission inside healthcare settings and among diverse hosts.
High quality genomes produced from single MinION flow cells clarify polyploid and demographic histories of critically endangered Fraxinus (ash) species
Authors: Fleck Steven J. , Tomlin Crystal , da Silva Coelho Flavio Augusto , Richter Michaela , Danielson Erik S. , Backenstose Nathan , Krabbenhoft Trevor , Lindqvist Charlotte , Albert Victor A.
Published: January 2024

With populations of threatened and endangered species declining worldwide, efforts are being made to generate high quality genomic records of these species before they are lost forever. Here, we demonstrate that data from single Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT) MinION flow cells can, even in the absence of highly accurate short DNA-read polishing, produce high quality de novo plant genome assemblies adequate for downstream analyses, such as synteny and ploidy evaluations, paleodemographic analyses, and phylogenomics. This study focuses on three North American ash tree species in the genus Fraxinus (Oleaceae) that were recently added to the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List as critically endangered. Our results support a hexaploidy event at the base of the Oleaceae as well as a subsequent whole genome duplication shared by Syringa, Osmanthus, Olea, and Fraxinus. Finally, we demonstrate the use of ONT long-read sequencing data to reveal patterns in demographic history.
Absence of the Great Whirl giant ocean vortex abates productivity in the Somali upwelling region
Authors: Jebri Fatma , Srokosz Meric , Raitsos Dionysios E. , Jacobs Zoe L. , Sanchez-Franks Alejandra , Popova Ekaterina
Published: January 2024

Somali upwelling is the fifth largest upwelling globally with high productivity, attracting tuna migratory species. A key control on the upwelling productivity is its interaction with one of the world’s largest oceanic eddies, the Great Whirl inducing a strong downwelling signal. Here, we use satellite-derived observations to determine the Great Whirl impact on the extent of the upwelling-driven phytoplankton bloom. We find that following decreases in upwelling intensity, productivity has declined by about 10% over the past two decades. The bloom extent has also been diminishing with an abrupt decrease around 2006–2007, coinciding with an abrupt increase in the downwelling effect. Absent or weak Great Whirl leads to the occurrence of smaller anticyclonic eddies with a resulting downwelling stronger than when the Great Whirl is present. We suggest that 2006–2007 abrupt changes in the bloom and downwelling extents’ regimes, are likely driven by Indian Ocean Dipole abrupt shift in 2006.
Effects on the magnetic interaction caused by molecular recognition in complexes of 1,2-azole-based oxamate and [Cu(bpca)]+ units
Authors: Oliveira Willian X. C. , Pinheiro Carlos B. , Journaux Yves , Julve Miguel , Pereira Cynthia L. M.
Published: January 2024

This contribution shows the first monocoordinated oxamate complexes driven by crystal engineering and hydrogen bonds, featuring distinct coordination polymers and their magnetic properties.
Novel valley character and tunable quasi-half-valley metal state in Janus monolayer VSiGeP4
Authors: Jia Kang , Dong Xiao-Jing , Li Sheng-Shi , Ji Wei-Xiao , Zhang Chang-Wen
Published: January 2024

To separate electron and hole carriers, fresh concept of quasi-half-valley metals (QHVM) has been proposed. Based on first-principles calculations, we demonstrate that the Janus monolayer VSiGeP4 has QHVM character.
Preparation of new organo-ruthenium(ii) complexes and their nucleic acid/albumin binding efficiency and in vitro cytotoxicity studies
Authors: Sindhu M. , Kalaivani P. , Prabusankar G. , Sivasamy R. , Prabhakaran R.
Published: January 2024

Hetero-bimetallic ruthenium(ii) complexes (PRAFIZ and PRBFIZ) containing acetyl ferrocene (AFIZ)/benzoyl ferrocene isonicotinic hydrazone ligands (BFIZ) were synthesized and characterized by various spectral and analytical techniques.
Balancing polysulfide containment and energy loss in lithium–sulfur batteries
Authors: Liu Borui , Gu Huimin , Torres Juan F. , Yin Zongyou , Tricoli Antonio
Published: January 2024

Membrane modification may obstruct metal-ion mass flux, increasing battery overpotential and reducing performance. Balancing shuttle effect of separator-crossing species and minimizing overpotential-induced energy loss is crucial.
Crystalline carbon nitrides for photocatalysis
Authors: Li Han , Cheng Bei , Xu Jingsan , Yu Jiaguo , Cao Shaowen
Published: January 2024

This review comprehensively summarizes the recent advances on crystalline carbon nitrides, including their preparation, optimization strategies, photocatalytic applications, as well as challenges and prospects.
Modulating the cathode interface in sodium-beta alumina-based semi-solid-state sodium cells using liquid-organic electrolytes
Authors: Fertig Micha P. , Neumann Christof , Schulz Matthias , Turchanin Andrey , Stelter Michael
Published: January 2024

Interface modification: modulating the interface enables the operation of sodium-beta alumina-based semi-solid-state sodium cells.
Novel CoV-LDH/GDY/CuI tandem double S-scheme heterojunction based on graphdiyne (g-CnH2n−2) toward photocatalytic hydrogen evolution
Authors: Chang Cancan , Lu Haolin , Liu Yafeng , Long Guankui , Guo Xin , Ji Xinyi , Jin Zhiliang
Published: January 2024

A ternary system of CoV-LDH/GDY/CuI double S-scheme heterojunction based on morphology modulation and energy band structure was successfully constructed, providing a new idea for the construction of a rational and efficient photocatalytic system.
Electromagnetic interference shielding performance of lightweight aramid nanofiber/graphene composite aerogels
Authors: Luo Nian , Zhang Yi-yin , Zhang Huan , Liu Ting-long , Wang Yu , Chen Feng , Fu Qiang
Published: January 2024

Aramid nanofiber (ANF)/graphene (GN) composite aerogels were fabricated be the ice template following by freeze-drying, and the composite aerogels obtained excellent EMI shielding performance as well as good compression strength and heat resistance.
Magnetic two-dimensional nanocomposites for multimodal antitumor therapy: a recent review
Authors: Yuan Ying , Chen Bo , Song Luping , An Xingxing , Zhang Qinrui , Lu Hao , Li Chang Ming , Guo Chunxian
Published: January 2024

Magnetic 2D nanocomposites exhibit advanced antitumor applications, including magnetically targeted hyperthermia, drug delivery, phototherapy, nanozyme therapy, immunotherapy and multimodal imaging.
Elasto-plastic behaviour with reversible thermosalient expansion in acrylonitrile-based organic crystals
Authors: Manoharan Deepak , Ranjan Subham , Emmerling Franziska , Bhattacharya Biswajit , Takamizawa Satoshi , Ghosh Soumyajit
Published: January 2024

We synthesised a molecular crystal based on an acrylonitrile derivative, showcasing a distinctive blend of elasticity, plasticity, and reversible thermal expansion, thereby resembling shape memory characteristics.
Modeling the scattering polarization in the solar Ca I 4227Å line with angle-dependent PRD effects and bulk velocities
Authors: Guerreiro N. , Janett G. , Riva S. , Benedusi P. , Belluzzi L.
Published: January 2024

Context. Modeling the scattering polarization signals of strong chromospheric lines requires solving the radiative transfer problem for polarized radiation, out of local thermodynamic equilibrium, taking partial frequency redistribution (PRD) effects into account. This problem is extremely challenging from a computational standpoint and, so far, most studies have been carried out by either modeling PRD effects under the angle-average approximation or by considering academic models of the solar atmosphere. Thanks to a new solution strategy, applicable to atomic systems that allow for a linearization of the problem, accurate solutions can now be routinely obtained in realistic 1D models, taking angle-dependent (AD) PRD effects into account.

Aims. This work is aimed at assessing the suitability and performance of this new approach to handling dynamic scenarios. At the same time, it aims to explore the joint impact of magnetic fields and bulk velocities on the scattering polarization profiles of strong resonance lines, accounting for AD PRD effects and considering more realistic atmospheric models than in previous investigations.

Methods. By using a two-level atomic model for neutral calcium, we synthesized the intensity and polarization profiles of the Ca I 4227 Å line. Our calculations were performed in 1D atmospheric models, both semi-empirical and extracted from 3D magnetohydrodynamic simulations, including vertical bulk velocities and magnetic fields of arbitrary strength and orientation, both constant and varying with height.

Results. We obtained accurate solutions after only a few iterations across all considered scenarios. Even when formulating the problem in the observer’s reference frame, the frequency and angular grids required for accurate results were easily manageable. The calculated profiles showed the expected signatures of bulk velocities: wavelength shifts, enhancement of the line-core polarization amplitude, and prominent asymmetries in the wing signals. The results obtained in atmospheric models with complex thermal, dynamic, and magnetic structures unveiled the broad diversity of features in the emergent radiation that can be expected from realistic scenarios.

Conclusions. The presented results assess the suitability of the proposed solution strategy and its parallel implementation, thus supporting its generalization to the 3D case. Our applications in increasingly realistic atmospheric models showed the difficulty related to precisely establishing the individual weight of bulk velocities and magnetic fields in the shape of the emergent profiles. This highlights the need to account for both these physical ingredients to perform reliable inversions of observed scattering polarization profiles.
The orbit of HD 142527 B is too compact to explain many of the disc features
Authors: Nowak M. , Rowther S. , Lacour S. , Meru F. , Nealon R. , Price D. J.
Published: January 2024

Context. HD 142527 A is a young and massive Herbig Ae/Be star surrounded by a highly structured disc. The disc shows numerous morphological structures, such as spiral arms, a horseshoe region of dust emission, a set of shadows cast by an inner disc on the outer disc, and a large cavity extending from ≃30 au to ≃130 au. HD 142527 A also has a lower mass companion, HD 142527 B (M = 0.13 ± 0.03 M⊙), which is thought to be responsible for most of the structures observed in the surrounding disc.

Aims. We aim to fully constrain the orbit of HD 142527 B and determine whether the binary alone is truly responsible for the observed morphology of the HD 142527 disc.

Methods. We gathered VLTI/GRAVITY observations of HD 142527, either from our own programmes or from the ESO archive. We used this inhomogeneous set of data to extract a total of seven high-precision measurements of the relative astrometry between HD 142527 A and B, spread from mid-2017 to early 2021. Combined with what is available in the literature, these new measurements offer a total of 9 yr of astrometric monitoring on HD 142527. We used orbit fitting tools to determine the orbital parameters of HD 142527 B, and used them as inputs for a 3D hydrodynamical model of the disc to determine whether or not the binary is able to create the structures observed in the disc.

Results. Our VLTI/GRAVITY astrometry gives excellent constraints on the orbit of HD 142527 B. We show that the secondary is following an orbit of semi-major axis a = 10.80 ± 0.22 au, with moderate eccentricity (e = 0.47 ± 0.01), and has recently passed its periapsis (τ = 2020.42). With such a compact orbit, we show that HD 142527 B can only generate a gap and spiral arms of ~30 au in the disc, which is much smaller than what is revealed by observations.

Conclusions. Even from a theoretical standpoint, the observed cavity size of ~ 100 au far exceeds even the most generous predictions for a companion like HD 142527 B on such a compact orbit. Thus, we conclude that the low-mass companion cannot be solely responsible for the observed morphology of the disc surrounding the system.
Measuring precise radial velocities on individual spectral lines
Authors: Al Moulla K. , Dumusque X. , Cretignier M.
Published: January 2024

Context. Radial velocities (RVs) of stars contain both the Doppler reflex motion of potential planetary companions and the drowning and sometimes imitating effect of stellar activity. To separate the two, previous efforts have sought proxies that only trace the activity signals, yet the sub-meter-per-second floor required for the detection of Earth-like planets remains difficult to break.

Aims. In this work, we analyze a sample of 12 G- to early M-type stars in order to investigate the feasibility of detecting a differential effect of stellar activity with photospheric depth, as traced by the spectral line-forming temperature, for observations with different sampling and noise levels.

Methods. We computed the average line formation temperature for each point in the observed wavelength grids using the spectral synthesis code PySME. The final line selection was curated to exclude blended and poorly synthesized lines. We thereafter computed the convective blueshift (CB) of the line cores of our master spectra (composed of the stacked individual spectra of each star). Finally, we extracted RV time series for certain intervals of formation temperature using a template-matching approach.

Results. We find the CB to follow a linear relation with the formation temperature of the line cores, and the CB slope to be steeper with increasing effective temperature. For the RV time series derived for different intervals of formation temperature, we find the RVs of line parts formed at higher temperatures, close to the spectral continuum, to be generally correlated with the S index, and the RVs of line parts formed at cooler temperatures, close to the spectral line cores, to be generally anti-correlated, especially for stars with low noise levels and significant variations over their magnetic cycles.

Conclusions. RVs of line parts formed in the coolest 25% of the line-forming temperature range appear to be a strong tracer of stellar activity over the magnetic cycle for several stars. By detrending the total RV time series with a multi-linear combination of residuals of RVs measured at different temperature ranges and the S index, the RV scatter can be decreased to a greater extent than with the S index alone.
FlopPITy: Enabling self-consistent exoplanet atmospheric retrievals with machine learning
Authors: Ardévol Martínez F. , Min M. , Huppenkothen D. , Kamp I. , Palmer P. I.
Published: January 2024

Context. Interpreting the observations of exoplanet atmospheres to constrain physical and chemical properties is typically done using Bayesian retrieval techniques. Since these methods require many model computations, a compromise must be made between the model’s complexity and its run time. Achieving this compromise leads to a simplification of many physical and chemical processes (e.g. parameterised temperature structure).

Aims. Here, we implement and test sequential neural posterior estimation (SNPE), a machine learning inference algorithm for atmospheric retrievals for exoplanets. The goal is to speed up retrievals so they can be run with more computationally expensive atmospheric models, such as those computing the temperature structure using radiative transfer.

Methods. We generated 100 synthetic observations using ARtful Modeling Code for exoplanet Science (ARCiS), which is an atmospheric modelling code with the flexibility to compute models across varying degrees of complexity and to perform retrievals on them to test the faithfulness of the SNPE posteriors. The faithfulness quantifies whether the posteriors contain the ground truth as often as we expect. We also generated a synthetic observation of a cool brown dwarf using the self-consistent capabilities of ARCiS and ran a retrieval with self-consistent models to showcase the possibilities opened up by SNPE.

Results. We find that SNPE provides faithful posteriors and is therefore a reliable tool for exoplanet atmospheric retrievals. We are able to run a self-consistent retrieval of a synthetic brown dwarf spectrum using only 50 000 forward model evaluations. We find that SNPE can speed up retrievals between ∼2× and ≥10× depending on the computational load of the forward model, the dimensionality of the observation, and its signal-to-noise ratio (S/N). We have made the code publicly available for the community on Github.
The study of the efficiency of octanitrile synthesis
Authors: Anvarov Toxirjon , Murodov Kadir , Muradova Dilafruz
Published: January 2024

According to obtained results the industrial and laboratory catalysts synthesized in industrial and laboratory conditions with different contents of copper were tested in the reaction of aliphatic alcohols with ammonia under different conditions. Based on the obtained data, a general scheme of the process mechanism was proposed, and the resulting reactions were evaluated from a thermodynamic point of view.
The influence of increasing the productivity of the carding machine on the quality indicators of the card sliver
Authors: Yeshzhanov Abilda , Murzabayeva Gulzhan , Togataev Torebek
Published: January 2024

The paper investigated the influence of the rotation frequency of the take-up, main and doffing drums of the C60 carding machine from RIETER on the quality indicators of the card sliver. The raw material used was medium-fiber cotton with a fiber length of 26.5-28 mm. The experimental study was carried out with changing speed modes: rotation frequency of the main drum from 451 to 520 rpm, of the take-up drum from 1018 to 1400 rpm, of the doffing drum from 62 up to 72 rpm.The quality indicators of the produced card sliver were determined using an USTERTESTER-5 laboratory equipment. It was established that an increase in the speed mode of the main working bodies within the studied limits on carding machines does not cause a deterioration in the combing quality.
Experimental studies of a soft industrial exoskeleton in work-related activity for the evaluation of its operational efficiency
Authors: Yatsun Andrey , Shcherbakova Maria , Malchikov Andrey
Published: January 2024

For conducting the experiment under laboratory conditions, a dedicated workplace was designed to simulate the activity of lifting / lowering a 20 kg load to a height of 0.7 m in the “Squat” and “Stoop” styles. To implement this study, the following methods were employed: “motion capture” to assess the mechanics of movements in the lumbar spine; a non-invasive method for measurement of the key biological indicators as a comprehensive assessment of the state of the cardiorespiratory system; electromyography (EMG) as the main method for assessing the bioelectrical activity of muscles; interviewing volunteers (on a 10-point scale) as a method of subjective assessment of their physical condition and performance. A study conducted as part of the work meant to determine the effectiveness and safety of using a soft industrial exoskeleton during work-related activity, including the elimination of the harm from stereotypic work movements, showed a decrease in the activity of the measured muscles when using a soft industrial exoskeleton, which also indicates a decrease in human fatigue that increases the effectiveness of its operation.
New magnetic clays MnFe2O4/Shymkent for removal of heavy metals from wastewater
Authors: Baimuratova Zhaina , Ermekov Sayat , Silva Adriano , Gomes Hélder , Kalmakhanova Marzhan
Published: January 2024

This paper reports the development of a new method. Production of modified clay with magnetic properties based on natural clay from the Shymkent deposit (MnFe2O4/Shymkent nanocomposite), determination of its chemical composition and structure, as well as the study of basic physicochemical properties. The resulting magnetic nanocomposite was then used as an adsorbent to remove nickel (II) ions from wastewater. The prepared magnetic nano composite was then used as adsorbent to remove Ni (II) ions from wastewater, and the optimal conditions for determining thermodynamic and kinetic parameters were evaluated. It was determined that the natural сlay from the Shymkent deposit is a promising material for the modification of the materials. The advantage of such magnetic adsorbents in comparison with the natural materials used as adsorbents is their higher adsorption capacity and theability to control them using a magnetic field. To characterize the modified adsorbents, various assays were used, such as EMP andXRD analysis. The textural properties of the materials were determined by analyzing N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms at 77 K. It is shown that almost all textural and adsorption characteristics of MnFe2O4/Shymkent have significantly improved as a result of the modification made. It was concluded that the MnFe2O4/Shymkent adsorbent obtained in the work can be used for effective wastewater treatment to remove nickel ions.
Seismic resistance of loess soils
Authors: Artykbaev Darkhan , Dosaliyev Kanat , Duisenbekov Bolat , Nurseitov Shokhan , Mizamov Nursultan
Published: January 2024

The article is devoted to the study violation of soil stability loess soils and their transition to a state of liquefaction under strong seismic influences. The research dynamic acceleration was carried out to determine the physical and soil properties structure of cohesive soils. The results of experiments on the study of changes in the resistance to soil shear under conditions of intense vibration are presented. Formulas are given for determining the values of. With prolonged exposure, dynamic loads affect. In order to bring the soil into a liquefied state, the stability of connected soils must be violated. In many cases, it leads to a violation of seismic accelerations in them, the soils may be in a wet state.
Study of the discharge rate of dust from asbestos production facilities into the atmosphere
Authors: Zaurbekov Talgat , Dossaliyev Kanat , Altybaev Zhaksylyk , Otarbaeva Gulzira , Yesimkhanova Nagima
Published: January 2024

Now slate in Kazakhstan is produced at two modern plants in Semey (Semipalatinsk Plant of Asbestos - cement Products LLP-the largest of the two) and Shymkent (Tectum Engineering LLP). Currently, Kazakhstan consumes about 5 million sheets of slate per year, of which last year Kazakh enterprises produced 2.5 million with plans to increase production. Previously, all this volume was imported from abroad. The most loyal consumers are the southern regions, where, due to the hot climate, people remember and know how to handle slate, knowing its properties. For comparison, in Uzbekistan, about 35 million sheets of slate are consumed per year. The production of construction and technical products based on asbestos is accompanied by the formation of a significant amount of asbestos dust. At the same time, the main contribution to atmospheric air pollution is made by dust emissions with particle sizes up to 10 microns. In the industry's established practice, cyclones and bag filters are the most widely used for dedusting emissions. Experience of operation of these devices shows that due to the nature of the physico-chemical properties of asbestos dust required collection efficiency is not achieved (most of the fine fraction with particle sizes less than 5 μm cyclones virtually trapped; bag filters clogged fibrous asbestos dust), resulting in the concentration of dust in the air on the border of the sanitary protection zone of the enterprise is 7-10 times higher than the standard MPC.
Advanced Information-Measuring System for the Improvement of the Quality Indicators of Metrological Characteristics
Authors: Salahaddin Yusifov , Rauf Mayilov , Almaz Mehdiyeva , Elnar Mehdizade
Published: January 2024

Combined test algorithms have been developed that increase the accuracy of measurements using simple additive and multiplicative tests, which allows us to determine the measured values of non-electrical quantities from the results of additional test measurements used to identify non-linear functions for converting the measurement of system information.
Application of methods based on ensembles and deep neural networks to estimating the cost of commercial real estate
Authors: Tkachenko Sergey , Burmistrov Valery , Shpilevaya Svetlana
Published: January 2024

The paper considers the possibility of using ensemble machine learning models and artificial neural networks to solve the problem of assessing the value of commercial real estate. There are some models such as the gradient boosting model and the TabNet model have been trained. The main goal of these models is predict the value of commercial real estate without creating dependencies between data by the analyst. The proposed solutions are considered from the point of view of the banking sector. The best predictive model is the gradient boosting model implemented using the LightGBM library. The advantages of this model are associated with its ability to "resist" the presence of outliers in the data and a low propensity for retraining.
Aerodynamic analysis of a windmill water pump using blade element momentum theory
Authors: Setiawan M.N. , Ramadhan Harry , Sutopo A. Michelle , Zulkan
Published: January 2024

A windmill water pump has been designed based on simulation data using the Blade Element Momentum Theory (BEMT) method. According to the simulation data, a 10-blade configuration with an incidence angle of 7 degrees is predicted to produce an output torque of 40 Nm. To simplify the turbine manufacturing process, a turbine cross-sectional profile with a bent flat plate-based airfoil was selected. The simulation results indicate that providing an incidence angle of 7 degrees compensates for the resulting decrease in aerodynamic performance compared to using a cambered airfoil. Furthermore, a dynamic analysis was conducted to predict the turbine's rotational speed. With a 10-blade configuration and a blade material density of 2900 kg/m³ at a wind speed of 5 m/s, it is predicted to rotate at a steady speed of 167 rpm. When the material density is increased to 3500 kg/m3, the rotor's predicted rotational speed is 160 RPM. While the difference in rotational speed due to the increase in material density is not very significant, the time to reach steady-state conditions varies considerably. Specifically, a turbine with a material density of 2900 kg/m3 requires a settling time of 168 seconds, while a turbine with a density of 3500 kg/m3 requires a settling time of 310 seconds. This notable difference suggests that mass inertia primarily influences the dynamic response of the turbine in achieving a steady rotational speed without significantly affecting the turbine's aerodynamic performance.
Discrete quantum harmonic oscillator and Kravchuk transform
Authors: Chauleur Quentin , Faou Erwan
Published: January 2024

We consider a particular discretization of the harmonic oscillator which admits an orthogonal basis of eigenfunctions called Kravchuk functions possessing appealing properties from the numerical point of view. We analytically prove the almost second-order convergence of these discrete functions towards Hermite functions, uniformly for large numbers of modes. We then describe an efficient way to simulate these eigenfunctions and the corresponding transformation. We finally show some numerical experiments corroborating our different results.
Synthesis of a New Heterocyclic System: Pyrimidine Structural Analogues of Natural Integrastatins A, B
Authors: Kulakov Ivan V. , Chikunov Semyon Y. , Pustolaikina Irina A. , Gatilov Yuriy V.
Published: January 2024

In this paper for the first time, we report a simple one-step synthesis of 5-methyl-11,12-dihydro-5H-5,11-epoxybenzo[7,8]oxocino[4,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives by acid-catalyzed cyclization reaction of various 4-methyl-5-acetyl pyrimidine derivatives with salicylic aldehyde. It was shown that 2-substituted 4-methyl-5-acetylpyrimidines successfully react to form a cyclization product. At the same time, 4-methyl-5-acetylpyrimidines with a substituent in the 6th position do not enter into the cyclization reaction. This may be caused by the negative effect of substituents in the 6th position, which hinder the free rotation of the acetyl group and prevent the formation of a stable pre-reaction complex. The structures of the obtained 5-methyl-11,12-dihydro-5H-5,11-epoxybenzo[7,8]oxocino[4,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives were confirmed using 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and X-ray diffraction analysis.
Retraction Note: The Role of Religious Coping in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Çaksen Hüseyin
Published: January 2024

Retraction

The above article published in Journal of Child Science in Volume 13, Number 01, e54–e57, on May 4, 2023 (DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1768637), has been retracted as it is lacking scientific base.
Headache Management in Individuals with Brain Tumor
Authors: Cuneo Ami , Murinova Natalia
Published: January 2024

Headache occurs commonly in individuals diagnosed with cerebral neoplasm. Though the features of a brain tumor-associated headache may vary, a progressive nature of headache and a change in headache phenotype from a prior primary headache disorder often are identified. Pathophysiologic mechanisms proposed for headache associated with brain tumor include headache related to traction on pain-sensitive structures, activation of central and peripheral pain processes, and complications from surgical, chemotherapeutic and/or radiotherapy treatment(s). Optimization of headache management is important for an individual's quality of life. Treatments are based upon patient-specific goals of care and may include tumor-targeted medical and surgical interventions, as well as a multimodal headache treatment approach incorporating acute and preventive medications, nutraceuticals, neuromodulation devices, behavioral interventions, anesthetic nerve blocks, and lifestyles changes.
Mycotic Pseudoaneurysm of the Internal Mammary Artery: An Unusual Complication of Tuberculosis—Managed with Percutaneous Glue Embolization
Authors: Mittal Payal , Ganesan Prem Kumar , Vats Abhinav , Parakh Ankit
Published: January 2024

Tuberculosis is still an endemic in many parts of the world. Vascular complications have been described in patients with tuberculosis and in aggressive chest infections such as actinomycoses. Etiology of internal mammary artery pseudoaneurysms includes iatrogenic causes or a complication of infection (mycotic aneurysm). Early diagnosis and treatment of these aneurysms are key to prevent complications such as hemorrhage, hemothorax, and hemorrhagic shock. In this case report, we describe the presentation and management of a 11-year-old patient with tuberculosis, who developed an internal mammary artery pseudoaneurysm during the course of treatment. We describe the case of a 11-year-old girl with known tuberculosis who developed a left internal mammary artery pseudoaneurysm, and treated with percutaneous ultrasound-guided glue embolization.
An Outcome Analysis of Fibrin Sealant versus Staples for Fixation of Split-Thickness Skin Grafts
Authors: Shuchi Akshara , Gupta Deepti , Sarabahi Sujata
Published: January 2024

Background Skin grafting plays a vital role in post-burn and post-traumatic wound management. Split-thickness skin grafts (STSG) are traditionally fixed using staples or sutures, which have tedious application and their removal necessitates painkillers, medical equipment, and human intervention. As an alternative, fibrin sealant is a biological tissue adhesive, composed of thrombin, calcium, and fibrinogen. Fibrin sealant promotes hemostasis and acts as a biological adherent.

Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcomes (graft take, wound healing and complications) of fibrin sealant and staples for STSG fixation.

Methods It is a randomized controlled trial on 40 patients with wounds of minimum 400 cm2. Wound area was divided into equal halves and randomly allocated to the study group or control group. In the study group, 4 mL per 200 cm2 of fibrin sealant was sprayed followed by STSG application. In the control group, STSG was fixed with only skin staples. Evaluation was done on postoperative days 3, 5, 15, and 30 for graft take, hematoma/seroma, infection, and complete wound healing.

Results The mean graft take was significantly higher (p-value < 0.05) in the study group than in the control group (91 vs. 89%). No seroma or hematoma formation was seen in either group. Complete wound healing was seen in more patients in the study group, but the difference was statistically insignificant.

Conclusion Fibrin sealant is an excellent alternative to staples for skin grafting, with the advantage of better graft take and being free of pain that is incurred during staple removal.
Interprovincial food trade aggravates China’s land scarcity
Authors: He Jianjian , Wang Siqi , Heijungs Reinout , Yang Yi , Shu Shumiao , Zhang Weiwen , Xu Anqi , Fang Kai
Published: January 2024

Land is an increasingly scarce resource that plays a critical role in achieving many Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Land scarcity, namely the imbalance state between cropland availability and demand, can be mitigated by the trade of agricultural products, but how effective it is remains unclear. Here, by integrating grid-level data on cropland into multi-regional input–output analysis, this paper accounts for the scarce land footprint and virtual scarce land flows within China at a 1 km × 1 km resolution. Results show that over 70% of China’s land footprint and scarce land footprint can be attributed to less than 20% of the land, and nearly 38% of the land footprint and scarce land footprint hotspot clusters are found to cross provinces. Generally, while virtual land trade mitigates the land scarcity of land-importing provinces by 50.8%, it disproportionately aggravates the land scarcity of land-exporting provinces by 119.8%. These findings challenge the dominant thinking about food trading and call for new policies to improve land resources management and promote collaborative governance across administrative boundaries. Our study also highlights the critical importance of considering land scarcity, shedding lights on how it may be integrated into environmental footprints to better assist the SDG framework.
Promoting carbon neutrality and green growth through cultural industry financing
Authors: Zhang Hanzhi , Zhang Jingfeng , Pai Chih-Hung
Published: January 2024

This study delves into the influence of green financing within the cultural industry on the green growth trajectories of China’s 32 provinces spanning the years 2010 to 2021. Employing the Common Correlated Effects Mean Group (CCEMG) estimator, the research comprehensively assesses the impact of various independent variables on green growth. The findings indicate that a 1% rise in cultural sustainability investment correlates with a 0.63% upswing in green growth, whereas a 1% increase in carbon dioxide emissions corresponds to a 0.14% decline in green growth. Additionally, the study posits that shifts in the scale of the financial market do not exert a significant influence on green growth. Moreover, the negative coefficient of −0.25% for the variable “ICT diffusion index” suggests that heightened use of ICT devices is associated with a reduction in green growth. Given these insights, proposed strategies involve advancing the digitalization of the cultural industry through fintech and big data, establishing supportive regulatory frameworks, and fostering collaborations between financial institutions and cultural organizations.
Global evidence on the economic effects of disease suppression during COVID-19
Authors: Rothwell Jonathan T. , Cojocaru Alexandru , Srinivasan Rajesh , Kim Yeon Soo
Published: January 2024

Governments around the world attempted to suppress the spread of COVID-19 using restrictions on social and economic activity. This study presents the first global analysis of job and income losses associated with those restrictions, using Gallup World Poll data from 321,000 randomly selected adults in 117 countries from July 2020 to March 2021. Nearly half of the world’s adult population lost income because of COVID-19, according to our estimates, and this outcome and related measures of economic harm—such as income loss—are strongly associated with lower subjective well-being, financial hardship, and self-reported loss of subjective well-being. Our primary analysis uses a multilevel model with country and month-year levels, so we can simultaneously test for significant associations between both individual demographic predictors of harm and time-varying country-level predictors. We find that an increase of one-standard deviation in policy stringency, averaged up to the time of the survey date, predicts a 0.37 std increase in an index of economic harm (95% CI 0.24–0.51) and a 14.2 percentage point (95% CI 8.3–20.1 ppt) increase in the share of workers experiencing job loss. Similar effect sizes are found comparing stringency levels between top and bottom-quintile countries. Workers with lower-socioeconomic status—measured by within-country income rank or education—were much more likely to report harm linked to the pandemic than those with tertiary education or relatively high incomes. The gradient between harm and stringency is much steeper for workers at the bottom quintiles of the household income distribution than it is for those at the top, which we show with interaction models. Socioeconomic status is unrelated to harm where stringency is low, but highly and negatively associated with harm where it is high. Our detailed policy analysis reveals that school closings, stay-at-home orders, and other economic restrictions were strongly associated with economic harm, but other non-pharmaceutical interventions—such as contact tracing, mass testing, and protections for the elderly were not.
Language (re)vitalization
Authors: Wickström Bengt-Arne , Nagy Noémi , Rieger-Roschitz Anneliese , Vizi Balázs
Published: January 2024

Many small languages are in danger of extinction. How to stop and reverse this process is an important topic in
the sociolinguistic literature. In addition to the revitalization of languages, there are also some examples of vitalizing
(bringing to use) “new” languages, for example the introduction of Ivrit (modern Hebrew) in Palestine/Israel.
Generally speaking, for a language to be used, no matter which language, the users must find it attractive and useful. At least
two factors are important here: the value attributed to the language by its users as a means of communication and as a carrier of
culture and identity. It is assumed that these factors can be influenced by language-policy measures.

The impact of various measures on the vitality of the language is an empirical matter. However, one can draw some
general conclusions regarding which measures are sensible in order to vitalize or revitalize which languages when the financial
resources of the policy-maker are limited. In this introductory text to the theme issue, we apply the methodology of
cost-effectiveness analysis to discuss the connection between the types of the policy measures employed and characteristics of the
language communities addressed, such as size, social status, and residential patterns. The cost-effectiveness ratio of street
signs in a minority language might, for instance, be higher for a community spread over a whole country than for a community of
the same size concentrated in one geographically limited jurisdiction. On the other hand, a decision to publish the texts of laws
and decrees of a country in a minority language will have approximately the same effect for both types of minorities. The articles
in this special issue of LPLP address and evaluate different types of policy measures for different linguistic minorities and
illustrate important aspects of the main questions in this paper.
Jurisdictional decentralisation in favour of minority languages
Authors: Korpics Fanni
Published: January 2024

This article sets out to explore what effects administrative and jurisdictional decentralisation might have on
minority languages and the communities that use them, with special regard to those fragile language groups that are in a status
which can be best described as a minority within a minority. Decentralisation often takes the form of regionalisation, which
entails the division of a state’s territory into regions, not only in geographical and economic sense, but also by attributing
certain administrative and jurisdictional powers to these newly formed units. Most of the time regional boundaries are drawn in
such a way that the new intra-state borders respect the ethnic, linguistic, and cultural specificities of the population living
there. If this is the case, it is possible for certain decision-making mechanisms and governance models to place jurisdiction over
minority language issues among the competences granted to sub-national entities. The article sets out to explore the effects of
jurisdictional decentralisation on three regional languages: the Aranese in Spain, the Ladin in Italy, and the Catalan in France.
These communities are examined in detail in this paper, which proposes to shed light on some good practices available in Europe,
but at the same time also draws attention to areas where there is still room for improvement along the lines discussed above.
Standardization and vitality
Authors: Daniel Rhianwen
Published: January 2024

This paper examines the relation between linguistic purism, standardization, and vitality, arguing that linguistic
purism warrants renewed emphasis as a necessary heuristic for preventing language endangerment and extinction. Linguistic purism
has developed an unfavourable reputation in contemporary linguistics and is frequently portrayed as irrational and reactionary.
This is partly due to its historical association with nationalism, and partly due to the descriptive rather than prescriptive
nature of contemporary linguistics. This paper argues that linguistic purism is actually rooted in progressive rather than
reactionary political thought and activity, and is a constitutive feature of Western Modernity. Moreover, its historical
association with nationalism is more accurately understood as anti-colonial resistance, a grassroots version of which can be
observed across numerous non-Han ethnic groups in the People’s Republic of China today. Using the explanatory framework of linguistic relativity, the
paper further argues that purism is a rational rather than reactionary response to excessive
translingual borrowing.
Investigation of structural, linear, and nonlinear optical properties of nanosized zinc oxide and cadmium oxide particles ingrained in graphitic carbon nitrides
Authors: Sangwan Reetu , Barala Monika , Yadav Kavita , Poonam  , Mohan Devendra
Published: January 2024

The study aims to evaluate the third-order optical nonlinearity caused by laser irradiation in transition metal oxide incorporated into graphitic carbon nitrides. The work describes the synthesis of nano-sized hybrid g-C3N4/ZnO (14%) and g-C3N4/CdO (14%). Nano-sized transition metal oxides: ZnO and CdO, have been prepared by thermally decomposing the organic precursors; Zinc Acetate Dihydrate, Cadmium Acetate Dihydrate, and Urea at 873 K. Graphitic carbon nitrides are synthesized from urea, which also functions as a reducing agent. The synthesized sample’s structural and morphological characterization are investigated using x-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transforms infrared (FTIR), UV–vis. spectra, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The grain size of the ZnO and CdO nanoparticles is observed to be ∼21 nm and ∼28 nm, respectively. The absorption in the samples is found to be 250–450 nm and transmit the light in the visible spectrum as observed in UV–vis. spectra. The bandgap values calculated from Tauc’s plot for the hybrid structure of g-C3N4/ZnO and g-C3N4/CdO are found to be 2.97 eV and 2.30 eV.The z-scan method is adopted to evaluate the nonlinear susceptibility (χ3), intensity-dependent absorption coefficient (β), and nonlinear index of refraction (n2) using a pulsed Nd:YAG laser (∼532 nm). The results of the composite of g-C3N4/ZnO and g-C3N4/CdO show good third-order susceptibility and hence are useful for use as an optical limiter.
A novel CrCx/C-Cr multilayer PVD coating for cotton picking spindle: committed to replacing traditional electroplated chromium coating
Authors: Wang Shuo , Miao Yunteng , Si Chaorun
Published: January 2024

A novel CrCx/C-Cr multilayer coating for cotton picking spindles was prepared on a 20CrMnTi substrate using PVD technology. Compared to the traditional electroplated chromium coating, the CrCx/C-Cr coating has a dense structure, and no micro-cracks were observed on the surface. The results of nanoindentation show that the nano-hardness of the CrCx/C-Cr coating is about 8.46 GPa, which is 78.5% higher than that of the substrate. Additionally, the CrCx/C-Cr coating has a lower friction coefficient and wear rate compared to the electroplated chromium coating, indicating better wear resistance properties. The multilayer CrCx/C-Cr coating is expected to replace the high-pollution chromium coating for cotton picking spindles.
Statistical analysis of coupled oscillations with a single fixed endpoint and its application to carbon nanomaterials
Authors: Inui Norio
Published: January 2024

Squared deviations from the equilibrium positions of one-dimensional coupled harmonic oscillators with fixed and free endpoints are calculated, and the time averages are expressed as a function of the initial displacements and velocities. Furthermore, we consider the averages of squared deviations over an ensemble of initial displacements and velocities, which distribute based on a product of the same distribution functions with variances of the initial coordinates

σ

x

2

and velocities

σ

v

2

, respectively. We demonstrate that the mean squared deviation linearly increases as the oscillator separates further from the fixed endpoint because of the asymmetrical boundary conditions, and that the increase rate depends only on

σ

v

2

and not on

σ

x

2

. This simple statistical property of harmonic oscillation is similarly observed in the oscillations of a graphene sheet and carbon nanotube in molecular dynamics simulations, in which the interacting forces are nonlinear.