bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Distance and classical forms of learning: what is the proportion of the optimal combination?
Authors: Vishnevsky Yuri R. , Tarasova Anna N.
Published: June 2021

The pandemic has sharply actualized the digitalization of higher education, when all students were transferred to distance education. This period turned out to be very specific for students. On the one hand, these are new forms of education, new opportunities. On the other hand, limited experience of interpersonal communication with classmates and interaction with teachers. The purpose of this article is to assess the attitude of students to distance education and to highlight the conditions that determine the effectiveness of such education. The empirical basis of the work was the data of the monitoring 8th students monitoring in the Middle Urals, carried out under the leadership of Yuri Vishnevsky for 25 years. The sample consisted of 2,000 students from 13 universities in the Sverdlovsk region. The results show that the opinion of Ural students regarding distance education is not uniform; there are both its supporters (12%) and opponents (9%). Most students are ready to combine distance and classical forms of education in one proportion or another. They consider about 50% of distance education to be acceptable. The educational profile, attitude to the profession and the level of responsibility are the main factors that determine the attitude towards distance education. These factors determine the effectiveness of both distance and traditional education. However, in the case of distance education, higher requirements are imposed on the level of responsibility and awareness of the student. Otherwise, distance education is accompanied by various deviations. In the current reality, when a third of the Ural students do not represent the content of their chosen profession, more than half do not have any professional goal, it is important for the university, and, first of all, for teachers, not only to provide new educational opportunities, but also to help students’ professional socializing so that they can be successful in the future. To do this, it is important to maintain a healthy balance of distance and classical education, which ensures the greatest efficiency.
REGIONAL ECONOMIC INTERACTION WITHIN THE SHANGHAI COOPERATION ORGANIZATION: FORMATION OF LEGAL BASIS
Authors: Chukreyev Andrey A.
Published: June 2021

This year marks the 20th anniversary of the establishment of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. From the first years of its existence, this international organization has set the sustainable development of the national economies of its members as one of its goals. Such development requires an appropriate legal basis.
Economic interaction in the analyzed international organization covers such spheres as trade and investment, transport, energy, agriculture and many others. The subject of this study is the legal basis for economic interaction within the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO). The purpose of the study is to analyze the main components of the specified legal framework, the stages of the emergence and formation of the latter, as well as the problems and prospects of its development. Both general and specific scientific methods of cognition were used: formal logical, systemic, formal legal, historical legal and comparative legal methods.
At the current stage, it should be noted that there is a relatively small volume of the legal basis for economic interaction within the SCO, with the prevalence of international “soft law” norms in its structure. This is primarily characteristic of the “economic constitution” of this organization, that is, for the provisions of the economic content of its three fundamental acts — the Declaration on the Establishment of SCO 2001, the Charter of SCO 2002, and the Treaty on Long-Term Good Neighbourliness, Friendship and Cooperation between the of SCO Member States 2007.
In order to ensure security and sustainable development, the participating countries of the international organization under consideration should continue to build up economic interaction, expanding and improving the regulatory framework for this. An important area of work in this direction should be, in particular, the gradual convergence (unification, harmonization) of national law in the economic sphere of the SCO member states.
Estrategias didácticas basadas en la educación emocional como enlace entre las macropolíticas y las micropolíticas en Cataluña
Authors: Lopez-Cassà Èlia , Rajadell-Puiggròs Núria , Santos-Costa Graça dos
Published: June 2021

El propósito de este artículo es discutir las estrategias didácticas basadas en la Educación Emocional a partir de las macropolíticas y micropolíticas desarrolladas por la comunidad de Cataluña (España). Inicialmente presentaremos una breve revisión conceptual de las estrategias didácticas y de la educación emocional, seguidamente discutiremos de forma sucinta las políticas desarrolladas en esta comunidad en la situación sanitaria actual y los retos y posibilidades de formación para la construcción de competencias emocionales. Metodológicamente, se utilizó una investigación bibliográfica mediante el análisis de documentos oficiales sobre educación emocional. Los resultados apuntan la importancia de incluir la educación emocional en el ámbito educativo, antes, durante y después de la pandemia. Lo importante para la eficiencia de la educación emocional es la sensibilización y la formación del profesorado y el desarrollo de habilidades en el alumnado, lo cual incidirá en el desarrollo de competencias que permitirán abordar los nuevos retos que plantea la sociedad del siglo XXI.
Políticas de avaliação em larga escala no contexto catarinense: em busca das traduções locais
Authors: Duarte-Antunes Adriene Bolzan , Lunardi-Mendes Geovana Mendonça
Published: June 2021

O presente artigo objetiva analisar as traduções locais construídas pelos municípios catarinenses no âmbito da política de avaliação em larga escala (ALE). Tomando como epismetodologia a perspectiva de análise dos contextos e de atuação de políticas de Stephen Ball e seus colaboradores, o estudo envolveu os 295 municípios catarinenses. Com base no levantamento realizado, foram estudadas as políticas locais de avaliação em larga escala constituídas por 110 munícipios. No quadro analisado foi possível identificar que os municípios catarinenses têm interesse na realização de avaliações em larga escala locais de duas formas: uma criada e outra comprada/adquirida. Tais respostas configuram-se como a política de avaliação em larga escala em circulação, nos mostram que as ALE vem se fortalecendo, se expandindo e se transformando. A transformação fica a cargo dos atores via interpretação e tradução da política. Essa atuação e tradução também revelam desdobramentos dessas respostas à política.
A pesquisa-ação crítica no desenvolvimento de políticas de formação continuada para profissionais da educação
Authors: Almeida Mariangela Lima de , Queiroz Rafael Carlos , Flores Maria Assunção , Pereira Diana Alexandra Ribeiro
Published: June 2021

Este artigo objetiva analisar as contribuições da pesquisa-ação para o desenvolvimento de políticas de formação continuada de profissionais da educação pela via da autorreflexão crítica. Apresenta um diálogo entre estudos na área de formação de professores e resultados de uma pesquisa-ação colaborativo-crítica voltada à construção de políticas de formação continuada para os profissionais da educação realizada por meio da colaboração entre Universidade e Redes de Ensinos do Espírito Santo/Brasil. Problematiza o grupo de estudo-reflexão como princípio para elaboração de modos críticos de formação continuada. Estabelece um diálogo entre autores da literatura científica e autores do contexto, promovendo a construção de conhecimentos com o outro. Toma os argumentos dos gestores em diferentes momentos do Grupo de Estudo-Reflexão de Gestão de Educação Especial (Gergees), constituídos por meio de narrativas audiovisuais e transcrições de encontros do grupo. Analisa a busca pela autorreflexão crítica e colaborativa como possibilidades de outros/novos modos de conceber e produzir conhecimentos. Assim, defende a formação de profissionais sustentada na pesquisa-ação crítica como princípio para o desenvolvimento de políticas de formação continuada em contextos locais.
Política de educação especial na rede municipal de ensino de Belo Horizonte-MG
Authors: Sá Michele Aparecida de , Vaz Kamille , Gonçalves Taísa Grasiela Gomes Liduenha
Published: June 2021

Nesse artigo buscamos analisar a política de Educação Especial do município de Belo Horizonte-MG para compreendermos a organização dessa modalidade de ensino em sua rede e a articulação com as políticas nacionais. Para tanto, utilizamos da análise de documentação nacional e municipal que consideramos representativas da política de Educação Especial, e a análise dos dados do Censo Escolar (2018). Podemos constatar que historicamente a Educação Especial é caracterizada pelas disputas entre o público e o privado. Tanto no âmbito nacional como municipal houve uma tendência de direcionamento às instituições privado-assistenciais, possibilitando assim o financiamento público para rede privada. Os dados do censo escolar demostraram que a maior parte dos estudantes da Educação Especial estava matriculada nas escolas da rede municipal e 84% não frequentavam o AEE; além do número expressivo de matrículas de alunos com deficiência intelectual (45,4%) e a existência de espaços segregados. Apesar dos entraves que a escola pública apresenta, consideramos ser nesse espaço que os estudantes têm acesso ao conhecimento sistematizado e, sendo assim, é nesse espaço onde os estudantes da Educação Especial devem estar.
A Rare Complication of Microwave Ablation for Renal Cell Carcinoma;
Nephrocolic Fistula
Authors: Yilmaz Temel Fatih , Sari Lutfullah , Aykan Mahmut Esat , Gultekin Mehmet Ali , Oz Ibrahim Ilker
Published: June 2021

Introduction:

Nephrocolic fistula is a pathological connection between the kidney and
colon. Percutaneous tumour ablation therapy is a rare cause of iatrogenic nephrocolic fistulain in
the literature.

Case Presentation:

Interventional radiologist should be careful especially in patients with repeated
ablation. Granulation tissue may lead to unexpected results secondary to tissue fragility and impedance
changes.

Conclusion:

In addition, we should keep in mind that there is decreasing hydrodissection benefit in
cases with previous ablation. As far as we know, this is the first case report of an iatrogenic ephrocolic
fistula after microwave ablation for recurrence renal cell carcinoma.
Cellular Senescence and ApoE4: Their Repercussions in Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Tecalco-Cruz Angeles C. , Zepeda-Cervantes Jesús , López-Canovas Lilia , Ramírez-Jarquín Josué Oriando , Pedraza-Chaverrí José , Briones-Herrera Alfredo
Published: June 2021

Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) is characterized by progressive memory loss due to neurodegeneration
that occurs mainly during aging. The accumulation of senescent cells has been related
to aging. Furthermore, the expression of the variant ApoE ε4 is a critical risk factor for AD. Some
events that occur in senescence, such as the secretion of pro-inflammatory molecules, and
metabolic and epigenetic changes, in addition to the detection of ApoE4, may accelerate the progression
of AD. Here, we discuss the implications of cellular senescence and the ApoE variants in
AD. Molecular studies of these risk factors for AD may hence be pivotal to define new biomarkers
and novel therapeutic strategies for this neurodegenerative pathology.
Assessment of Cell Cytotoxicity and Comet Assay on HER2/neu Positive
Cell Line Due to 111 In Auger Electrons as DNA-Targeting Radioimmunoconjugate
Authors: Alirezapour Behrouz , Piroozfar Behnaz , Sedeh Farahnaz Motamedi , Mirzaii Mohammad , Jalilian Amir Reza , Hashemizadeh Miad , Raisali Gholamreza
Published: June 2021

Background:

Breast cancer Auger electron therapy is a growing field of study in radioimmunotherapy
and oncology research. Trastuzumab, a high affinity-binding monoclonal antibody
against HER2/neu is which is over-expressed in breast tumors, is used in radiopharmaceutical
development.

Objective:

In this work, the lethal effects of 111In3+, 111In-DTPA-trastuzumab and 111In-trastuzumab
coupled-nuclear localizing sequence peptide (111In-DTPA-NLS-trastuzumab) on malignant cells
were studied in vitro.

Methods:

DTPA-NLS-trastuzumab was prepared using sulfosuccinimidyl-4-(N-maleimidomethyl)
cyclohexane-1-carboxylate (sulfo-SMCC) conjugation with NLS peptide in the first step, followed
by conjugation with diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA). Both DTPA-trastuzumab and DTPA-
NLS-trastuzumab were labeled with 111In followed by purification and quality control techniques.
Sk-Br-3 (a HER2/neu+ cell line), was used in the cell viability assessment assay for 11In,
111In-DTPA-trastuzumab and 111In-DTPA-NLS-trastuzumab (3.7 MBq) at 37 ºC. The cytotoxicity
of the three species was studied using MTT and comet assay was utilized DNA damage detection.

Results:

A significant radiochemical purity for 111In-DTPA-NLS-trastuzumab (99.36% ± 0.30%,
ITLC) at the DTPA:antibody ratio of 6.90 ± 0.34:1, was obtained. Significant cell viability difference
was found for 111In-DTPA-NLS-trastuzumab compared to the other treatments at two-time
points. In addition, comet assay demonstrated significant DNA damage at 144 h using 111In-DTPA-
NLS-trastuzumab.

Conclusion:

The results of cell viability and cell death using MTT assay and comet assay, respectively,
demonstrate the NLS-peptide effectively facilitates 111In-trastuzumab transport into the
HER2/neu positive cancer cell nuclei to impose the radiotherapeutic effects of Auger electrons on
DNA leading to cell death.
Development of Magnesium Nanocomposites by Powder Metallurgy for Multifunctional Applications: Review
Authors: Kujur Milli S. , Mallick Ashis , Gupta Manoj
Published: June 2021

Magnesium is a lightweight metal that holds great potential in automotive, aerospace
and biomedical applications. Magnesium when incorporated with nanoparticles, exhibits simultaneous
improvements in mechanical, tribological and biological properties without altering its density.
This article presents a short review and analysis of mechanical (tensile and compressive), ignition,
damping, tribological and in vitro degradation (corrosion and biocompatibility) behaviour of magnesium-
based nanocomposites. Owing to the flexibility in tailoring for multiple applications, powder
metallurgy routes are being explored to target unique microstructures, novel compositions and
high performance in magnesium-based nanocomposites. The mechanical and in vitro study of magnesium
nanocomposite synthesized by powder metallurgy route demonstrates improved strength,
controlled degradation and good biocompatibility. The article also proposes a powder metallurgy
route incorporating hybrid microwave sintering as a promising environment-friendly technique to
develop magnesium nanocomposites for biomedical applications.
Voorhuwelijks samenwonen : een vergelijking tussen intacte en niet‐intacte huwelijken in Vlaanderen
Authors: Pasteels Inge , Corijn Martine , Mortelmans Dimitri
Published: June 2021

In deze bijdrage wordt voorhuwelijks samenwonen vergeleken voor intacte en niet‐intacte eerste huwelijken gesloten tussen 1986 en 2005 in Vlaanderen. De gegevens zijn afkomstig van het onderzoek “Scheiding in Vlaanderen”. De resultaten tonen aan dat voorhuwelijks samenwonen in Vlaanderen evolueerde van een uitzonderlijke naar een bijna veralgemeende leefvorm die bijna twee jaar duurt. Een vergelijking tussen intacte en niet‐intacte huwelijken in Vlaanderen leert ons dat premaritaal ongehuwd samenwonen weinig verschilt voor beide types van huwelijken wat vormkenmerken betreft. Enkel de leeftijd bij de vrouw op moment van de start van het samenwonen met de partner is lager voor de niet‐intacte dan voor de intacte huwelijken. De duur van het samenwonen, de mogelijkheid om de samenwoonrelatie te formaliseren via een contract, een kind krijgen of verwachten tijdens de samenwoonperiode en de motieven waarmee het samenwonen omgezet worden in een huwelijk verschillen niet naargelang de uitkomst van het huwelijk. Premaritaal ongehuwd samenwonenden zijn in Vlaanderen een minder selectieve groep geworden, toch blijven ze zich inzake een aantal aspecten onderscheiden van volwassenen die niet samenwonen vóór hun eerste huwelijk. De ervaring van een ouderlijke scheiding verhoogt nog steeds de voorkeur om het huwelijk te laten voorafgaan door een periode van premaritale cohabitatie terwijl zichzelf als gelovig beschouwen de keuze voor voorhuwelijks samenwonen minder aantrekkelijk maakt.
Abstract :
In this paper we compare premarital cohabitation in dissolved and non‐dissolved first marriages from 1986 until 2005, using data from the “Divorce in Flanders” project. Results show that cohabitation became a more common and almost universal experience before marriage in Flanders. The median duration of the period of premarital cohabitation, the incidence of engaging in a cohabitation agreement and the incidence of getting children or becoming pregnant during premarital cohabitation are equivalent comparing dissolved marriages and marriages that remained intact. Only the age of women at the start of cohabiting differs with women of dissolved marriages being younger at the start of the cohabitation. Furthermore, cohabiters are found to be a less selective group since cohabitation has become a more widespread phenomenon. Only the experience of a parental divorce increases the likelihood of cohabitation while being religious makes premarital cohabitation less likely.
Model for calculating energy absorption in environmental objects from incorporated sources of monoenergetic electrons
Authors:   Research and Production Association “Typhoon”, Sazykina T.G. , Kryshev A.I. ,   Research and Production Association “Typhoon”
Published: June 2021

Model is suggested to calculating energy absorption in organisms of various geometry from in-corporated sources of monoenergetic electrons. The effectiveness of the approach was demon-strated for spheres, ellipsoids, and cylinders by comparison of analytical values with large inter-national testing data. Model equations are free of any fitting parameters; computer approximating procedures are not employed. The method allows to make correct express-calculations of inter-nal absorbed doses in various biological objects from beta emitting radionuclides; the calcula-tions are performed without Monte Carlo codes. The model may be used in the internal radiation dosimetry for non-human biota, and in environmental radiation protection.
Radioecological monitoring of the area surrounding the Leningrad NPP: results evaluation
Authors:   Russian Institute of Radiology and Agroecology, Kuznetsov V.K. , Tsygvintsev P.N. ,   Russian Institute of Radiology and Agroecology, Sanzharova N.I. ,   Russian Institute of Radiology and Agroecology, Panov A.V. ,   Russian Institute of Radiology and Agroecology
Published: June 2021

The paper presents results of long-term monitoring of radioecological situation in the area sur-rounding the Leningrad NPP (LNPP), that covers the periods before the Chernobyl accident (1980-1985), during and immediately after the accident (1986-1992) and the late period (2013-2014). After the Chernobyl accident the enhanced radioactivity level in the environment including soil and vegetation was registered in the area surrounded the Leningrad NPP. Several test points for sampling were selected inside the 30-km zone around the LNPP. Before the accident, in 1985, 137Cs soil contamination density was 3 kBq/m2; immediately after the accident, in 1986, the contamination density increased by 10 fold. In the late period, in 2013, the 137Cs soil contamina-tion density reduced significantly, however it exceeded the levels registered in 1985 by 2.6-7.3 times. 90Sr soil contamination density was 1.4-1.6 kBq/m2 both before and after the accident (1985-1992). The presence of artificial radionuclides in agricultural produce before 1985 was caused by global radioactive fall-outs, however no radionuclides emissions from the Leningrad NPP were registered. Average 137Cs content in grain and intertilled crops exceeded their content before 1986 by 19-44 times; the high content was associated with the contamination of the vege-tation by airway. The 137Cs content in agricultural produce is still higher than the level registered before the Chernobyl accident by 1.4-2.1 times, but the current levels are many times less than the current acceptable level. The levels exceeding the acceptable magnitude are found in wild berries only, that grow in some swampland with 137Cs soil contamination density of 3-9 kBq/m2 near the LNPP. Dynamics of transfer factors of 90Sr and 137Cs from soil to agricultural produce in the LNPP area was evaluated. The soil properties and the Chernobyl fall-out are shown to affect the factor magnitude. Presented data demonstrate that the Leningrad NPP operating in the standard way does not influence strongly on radiological situation in the 30-km zone around the NPP.
Frequency of Self-Weighing and Weight Change: Cohort Study With 10,000 Smart Scale Users (Preprint)
Authors: Vuorinen Anna-Leena , Helander Elina , Pietilä Julia , Korhonen Ilkka
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND

Frequent self-weighing is associated with successful weight loss and weight maintenance during and after weight loss interventions. Less is known about self-weighing behaviors and associated weight change in free-living settings.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to investigate the association between the frequency of self-weighing and changes in body weight in a large international cohort of smart scale users.

METHODS

This was an observational cohort study with 10,000 randomly selected smart scale users who had used the scale for at least 1 year. Longitudinal weight measurement data were analyzed. The association between the frequency of self-weighing and weight change over the follow-up was investigated among normal weight, overweight, and obese users using Pearson’s correlation coefficient and linear models. The association between the frequency of self-weighing and temporal weight change was analyzed using linear mixed effects models.

RESULTS

The eligible sample consisted of 9768 participants (6515/9768, 66.7% men; mean age 41.5 years; mean BMI 26.8 kg/m2). Of the participants, 4003 (4003/9768, 41.0%), 3748 (3748/9768, 38.4%), and 2017 (2017/9768, 20.6%) were normal weight, overweight, and obese, respectively. During the mean follow-up time of 1085 days, the mean weight change was –0.59 kg, and the mean percentage of days with a self-weigh was 39.98%, which equals 2.8 self-weighs per week. The percentage of self-weighing days correlated inversely with weight change, r=–0.111 (P<.001). Among normal weight, overweight, and obese individuals, the correlations were r=–0.100 (P<.001), r=–0.125 (P<.001), and r=–0.148 (P<.001), respectively. Of all participants, 72.5% (7085/9768) had at least one period of ≥30 days without weight measurements. During the break, weight increased, and weight gains were more pronounced among overweight and obese individuals: 0.58 kg in the normal weight group, 0.93 kg in the overweight group, and 1.37 kg in the obese group (P<.001).

CONCLUSIONS

Frequent self-weighing was associated with favorable weight loss outcomes also in an uncontrolled, free-living setting, regardless of specific weight loss interventions. The beneficial associations of regular self-weighing were more pronounced for overweight or obese individuals.
The Influence of COVID-19 Vaccination on Daily Cases, Hospitalization, and Death Rate in Tennessee, United States: Case Study (Preprint)
Authors: Roghani Ali
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND

The COVID-19 outbreak highlights our vulnerability to novel infections, and vaccination remains a foreseeable method to return to normal life. However, infrastructure is inadequate for the immediate vaccination of the whole population. Therefore, policies have adopted a strategy to vaccinate older adults and vulnerable populations while delaying vaccination for others.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to understand how age-specific vaccination strategies reduce daily cases, hospitalizations, and death rates using official statistics for Tennessee, United States.

METHODS

This study used publicly available data on COVID-19, including vaccination rates, positive cases, hospitalizations, and deaths from the Tennessee Department of Health. Data from the first date of vaccination (December 17, 2020) to March 3, 2021, were retrieved. The rates were adjusted by 2019 data from the US Census Bureau, and age groups were stratified into 10-year intervals starting with 21 years of age.

RESULTS

The findings showed that vaccination strategy can reduce the numbers of patients with COVID-19 in all age groups, with lower hospitalization and death rates in older populations. Older adults had a 95% lower death rate from December to March; no change in the death rate of other age groups was observed. The hospitalization rate was reduced by 80% for people aged ≥80 years, while people who were 50 to 70 years old had nearly the same hospitalization rate as prior to vaccination.

CONCLUSIONS

This research indicates that targeting older age groups for vaccination is the optimal way to avoid higher transmissions and reduce hospitalization and death rates.
Evaluating a theory-based intervention for improving eHealth literacy in older adults: A single group, pretest–posttest design (Preprint)
Authors: Lee Kyoung-Eun , Chang Sun Ju , Yang Eunjin , Ryu Hyunju
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND

The Internet use rate of older adults, who were considered underprivileged in the digital world, is steadily increasing. Specifically, the Internet is considered an important channel for providing health information to older adults, who are the largest consumers of medical services. However, due to factors such as technical difficulties, lack of learning opportunities, and deterioration of eHealth literacy, the Internet is not usually a common factor of delivering health information to older adults. Therefore, we developed an intervention program to improve eHealth literacy in older adults according to the information-motivation-behavioral skills (IMB) theory and Intervention Mapping.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to analyze the effect of developed intervention on information, motivation, behavioral skills, and behaviors related to eHealth information in older adults.

METHODS

This study applied a single group pretest–posttest design. The participants were 46 older adults over the age of 65 recruited from two senior welfare centers in a city in South Korea. We divided the participants into 4 groups and conducted 4 interventions in the computer room of the Senior Welfare Center from March to December 2019. One intervention was performed once a week (2 hours/1 time) for 5 weeks, and the total lecture time was 10 hours. The instructors were all researchers involved in the development of this intervention, and the instructors for each intervention consisted of one lecture instructor and two assistant instructors who supported the participants in the computer practices.

RESULTS

Participants’computer/web knowledge (χ²= 60.04, P <.001), perceived ease of use (χ²= 17.86, P <.001), perceived enjoyment (χ²= 23.06, P <.001), and attitude toward eHealth information (χ²= 18.47, P <.001) showed statistically significant increases. The eHealth information literacy efficacy score (χ²= 72.76, P< .001), searching performance score (χ²= 162.57, P < .001), and understanding score (χ²= 60.96, P< .001) were also significantly different from those before and after the intervention. However, there was no significant difference in perceived usefulness (χ²= 5.91, P = .052).

CONCLUSIONS

Our findings suggest that the application of the current theory based methodology can improve the quality of research in developing eHealth information literacy interventions. Additionally, it is necessary to develop and continuously apply various interventions to improve eHealth information literacy among older adults. Finally, measures to improve the Internet environment for older adults should be considered.
Evaluation of Anticancer Bioactive Compounds and Cytotoxicity of Kaffir Lime (Citrus hystrix Dc.) Callus Extract Post Preservation
Authors: Tunjung Woro Anindito Sri , Fajarina Sudewi , Prabowo Beni Hendro , Damayanti Frisca , Widyasari Asti , Sasongko Aries Bagus , Indrianto Ari , Semiarti Endang , Hidayati Lisna
Published: June 2021

Previous studies have shown that kaffir lime extract is toxic to breast cancer T47D cells. To increase the bioactive compound's production for traditional cancer medicine raw material, we induce kaffir lime callus in vitro. One strategy to continuously produce kaffir lime callus is by using callus preservation. Our preliminary study used two preservation methods of callus, which are stored in 4 0C with or without alginate encapsulation. However, low temperatures and alginate encapsulation can be stress factors for plants, affecting the production of bioactive compounds and their anticancer ability. This study's objective was to determine the bioactive compounds of callus with and without preservation and their effect on the cytotoxicity against cancer cells. GC-MS detected the bioactive compounds in the extract, and cytotoxicity of callus against breast cancer (T47D), and non-cancer cell (Vero) is tested using MTT method. The results showed that preservation in 4 0C with and without encapsulation caused a change in bioactive compounds' profile. The change mainly precursor compound in callus, after being preserved and recultured, then changes into intermediates or final compounds, indicating the difference in growth phases. The terpenoid compounds detected after preservation are squalene and geranyl linalool. However, Kaffir lime callus extract pre and post preservation are not cytotoxic to both cancer and non-cancer cells. Therefore, the preservation method did not act as an elicitor to callus.
The Effects of Soyferment-Tempeh on Lipid Profile, Retinol-Binding Protein 4 (RBP4), and Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase (PEPCK) Gene Expression in Type 2 Diabetic Mice
Authors: Prasetyastuti Prasetyastuti , Dian Setiawan Ghozali
Published: June 2021

Diabetes Type 2 can cause oxidative stress leading to the accumulation of reactive oxygen species. Soyferment-Tempeh, a fermented soybean product with aerobic and anaerobic R. oligosporus incubation has a high antioxidant content of isoflavones that can regulate oxidative stress in diabetes. In this study, we evaluate the effects of Soyferment-Tempeh on lipid profile, Retinol-Binding Protein 4 (RBP4), and Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase (PEPCK) gene expression in type 2 diabetic mice. A total of 30 mice with the age of eight weeks were divided into six groups as follows: A) nondiabetic, B) diabetic mice, C) diabetic mice with metformin, D), E), and F) diabetic mice with Soyferment-Tempeh doses of 10, 20, or 40mg/100g body weight (BW), respectively, were administered treatments orally by gavages. Blood was collected for assessment of blood glucose level, and lipid profile before and after 3 weeks of the administration. After sacrificing the mice, livers were used for RBP4 and PEPCK gene expression assessment. Supplementation with three different doses of Soyferment-Tempeh in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice for 21 days significantly (p<0.001) reduced blood glucose level, total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein level, atherogenic index, and increased high-density lipoprotein level. There was a significant decrease in RBP4 gene expression in the Soyferment-Tempeh of dose 10mg/100g BW treatment groups (p<0.05), while the PEPCK gene expression did not significantly differ (p>0.05). These results demonstrate that supplementation with Soyferment-Tempeh decreases blood glucose level, atherogenic index, improves lipid profile, and decreases RBP4.
Compliance with personal protective equipment use among non-medical healthcare professionals during Covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Diana Estika Mei , Widayanti Anna Wahyuni , Satibi
Published: June 2021

Non-medical healthcare professionals, including pharmacists, pharmacy technicians, nutritionists, and radiographers, have a high risk of  COVID-19 infection during work. Personal protective equipment use has shown effective in preventing virus transmission. This study aimed to investigate the compliance with personal protective equipment use and identify the factors that may influence their compliance.

The study was designed cross-sectionally, with a self-administered questionnaire. The respondents were non-medical healthcare professionals recruited from covid and non-covid ward at Saiful Anwar General Hospital. The data were collected in November 2020. The questionnaire consists of four questions to assess compliance and eighteen questions to explore the factors that may relate to their compliance. This study used the Chi-square test to differentiate the level of compliance between two groups and binary logistic regression to analyze factors that may influence the compliance.

Most participants in this study were female (84.8%), with a median age of 33 (23 – 57) years. More than 80 % of participants worked in the non-covid ward. Only one-fifth of participants had work experience of more than 15 years. The compliance with personal protective equipment was 67.3%. In univariate analysis, factors that influenced the compliance were difficulty using, removing, and disposing of personal protective equipment, lack of training and regular monitoring, unsure about the effectiveness of personal protective equipment, uncomfortable in donning personal protective equipment. Co-workers never reminding themselves to use personal protective equipment also influence compliance. In the multivariate analysis, the difficulty of using, removing and disposing of personal protective equipment (OR 2.83 (0.730 – 3.478), p=0.025) significantly influenced compliance with personal protective equipment use.
Microencapsulation of Ethyl Acetate Extract from Green Coffee Beans (Coffea Canephora) by Spray Drying Method
Authors: Husni Muhammad Ali , Nugroho Akhmad Kharis , Fakhrudin Nanang , Sulaiman Teuku Nanda Saifullah
Published: June 2021

Coffee contains caffeine and chlorogenic acid (CGA) as the main constituent benefiting human health. Extract of green coffee beans (GCB) has some limitations in terms of its unpleasant flavour, aroma, and phytoconstituents bioactivity. This study aimed to encapsulate the crude ethyl acetate (EtOAc) extracts of Gayo Robusta GCB (Coffea canephora) to overcome its limitation. Microencapsulation was carried out by spray drying method using whey protein concentrate (WPC) as a coating material to produce nutraceutical supplement microparticles. The microparticles size, morphology, and physicochemical characteristics were investigated. We found that the yield of microparticles was 39.5%, volume diameter was1.367 µm, and span was 1.162 µm. The morphology of the microparticles was irregular microspheres particle with dense, smoothness, wrinkle, shrivel, compactness, and homogeneous structure shape particles. The physicochemical properties measurentment indicated that it has scavenging radical activity value (RSA) 374.53 µg/mL, total phenol content (TPC) 6.92 g GAE/kg, caffeine content 9.12%, and CGA levels 7.19%. The spray drying microencapsulation by using WPC was able to engulf and package the unpleasant flavour and aroma of the crude extract of Gayo Robusta GCB, produce abundant yield of smaller and narrower particle, and protect and carry considerable amounts of phytoconstituents bioactivity.
Endophytes and Rhizosphere Fungi from Galam (Melaleuca cajuputi Powell.) which has the Potential to Produce Indole Acetic Acid (IAA)
Authors: Imaningsih Witiyasti , Rahayu Nadiya Dwi , Hakim Safinah Surya
Published: June 2021

Some types of fungi are known to have the ability to produce Indole Acetic Acid (IAA). Fungi can be isolated from the rhizosphere and tissues of various plants, including from the rhizosphere and the root "Galam" (Melaleuca cajuputi Powell.), which grow predominantly in peatlands. Therefore, the purposes of this study were: (a) to isolate and measure the potential of fungi from endophytic and rhizospheric of “Galam”(M. cajuputi) as a producer of IAA hormone, (b) determine the types of fungal interaction that occur and their potential to increase the total IAA hormone produced. This research begins with isolation, purification, isolate screening, analysis of IAA hormone production, data analysis, seed germination test and isolates identification. The result showed that the concentration of IAA produced by Penicillium sp. IRZ15 was 5.86 ± 0.47 μg.mL-1 to 8.46 ± 0.26 μg.mL-1 and Syncephalastrum sp. AG15 is 4.77 ± 0.44 μg.mL-1 to 8.77 ± 0.25 μg.mL-1. Meanwhile, the combination of rhizospheric fungi Penicillium sp. IRZ15 and endophytic fungi Syncephalastrum sp. AG15 does not produce significantly different IAA concentrations (6.42 ± 0.34 μg.mL-1 to 9.19 ± 0.50 μg.mL-1 ) compared to fungi used alone without combinations.
R WE ready for reimbursement? A round up of developments in RWE relating to health technology assessment: part 2
Authors: Simpson Alex , Ramagopalan Sreeram V
Published: June 2021

In this round up, we cover how COVID-19 has been beneficial for improved access to real-world data, as well as how real-world data can be used to address health inequity, an area of increasing interest for health technology assessment.
TNBC: A brief discussion on Triple Negative Breast Cancer
Authors:   M. Sc Microbiology,  Mody University of Science & Technology, Sikar, Rajasthan, Tandi Dipty
Published: June 2021

TNBC; Triple negative breast cancer is one of the most aggressive type of breast cancer with a high reoccurrence and mortality rate. The reason behind its aggressive type is that TNBC do not have such specific receptors as other cancers. Substantially, Breast tumor cells carries receptors that work as doors for many mechanisms and hormone/enzyme based treatment. These receptors are estrogen (female hormone), Progesterone (female hormone) and HER-2 (Protein; Human epidermal receptor). Absence of these enzymes is result into the less option availability in cancer treatment. To find more possible treatments like chemotherapy, lumpectomy, radiation therapy and other gene therapy we first need to understand the concept behind occurrence and reoccurrence of TNBC. This review listed the possible study of triple negative breast cancer including its appearance in society and the molecular/genetic involvement. It is formerly known that cancer take place due to mutation in BRCA group of genes so it is important to know how it works in the case of TNBC. This study also summarizes the influence of anti-diabetic drug treatment (e.g. metformin) on diabetic cancer patients in order to cancer therapy of TNBC and effect of high glucose concentric cells on anti- cancer drug treatments and strategies for development in TNBC development. Keywords: TNBC; female hormone, breast cancer, BRCA group.
JUVENTUDES CONTEMPORÂNEAS E OS DESAFIOS DA EDUCAÇÃO, TRABALHO E CULTURA
Authors: Elias Emerim Marcos , Scopel Faé Janaína , Vieira Josimar de Aparecido
Published: June 2021

A preocupação deste ensaio é com as juventudes contemporâneas. Nele são analisadas as inserções das juventudes contemporâneas nas esferas da cultura, da escola e do trabalho e tem por finalidade compreender os desafios postos para Educação Profissional e Tecnológica na atualidade. Foi produzido a partir de estudos realizados no componente curricular eletivo Juventude, Trabalho e Escola, oferecido no curso de Mestrado Profissional em Educação Profissional e Tecnológica que pertence ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação Profissional e Tecnológica (ProfEPT) do IFRS. Desenvolvido numa perspectiva qualitativa, foi elaborado por meio de pesquisa bibliográfica, constituída de livros, artigos de periódicos e com material disponibilizado na Internet, seguindo os tipos de pesquisa descritiva e exploratória. Na sua organização foram definidas as seguintes categorias de análise: constituição do sujeito jovem e as culturas juvenis na contemporaneidade; mundo do trabalho e os espaços das juventudes e escola e formação profissional crítica dos jovens. Os resultados apontam o papel da educação para o presente e o futuro das juventudes, em que as instituições de ensino se apresentam como oportunidades de crítica, de negociação e produção cultural e de reconhecimento das identidades culturais. Um projeto de vida não pode se limitar às escolhas profissionais, porém, a inserção no mundo do trabalho é parte importante da vida dos jovens. É importante escutar os jovens e ajudá-los a enfrentar os obstáculos cotidianos para potencializar seus projetos de futuro, ajudando-os a enfrentar o poder de homogeneização que insiste em reduzi-los a um período de tempo transitório da vida.
AS NARRATIVAS SOBRE SER CRIANÇA: do desencanto ao encantamento em experiência de acadêmico a pesquisador
Authors: Morais da Costa Antonio , Astigarraga Andrea
Published: June 2021

O principal objetivo deste artigo é descrever e analisar o processo formativo de um pesquisador iniciante diante das narrativas das crianças da turma do infantil IV sobre ser criança. O lócus da pesquisa foi um Centro de Educação Infantil em um município da região norte do estado do Ceará. A abordagem teórico-metodológica qualitativa de ouvir as crianças está em consonância com os estudos realizados por pesquisadores, tais como Sarmento (2008); Cohn (2005); Costa e Astigarraga (2020), Passeggi (2014); entre outros. O procedimento metodológico principal foi utilização de um boneco representando um extraterrestre que visita a escola, inspirado em Lani-Bayle (2018); Conti e Passeggi (2014) e Furlanetto (2014), rodas de conversas coletivas, com pequenos grupos de crianças, gravadas e transcritas. Foi possível refletir sobre a infância vivida por elas, deixando evidente a necessidade de uma escuta sensível acerca do processo formativo tanto do pesquisador-iniciante quanto das crianças para que existam possibilidades de transformação, ou seja, de pesquisador desencantado para uma postura de pesquisador encantado.
De Deutsche Schule a Collégio Iguassú: a nacionalização de uma instituição escolar étnica no norte de Santa Catarina
Authors: B. Klein Roseli
Published: June 2021

O referido artigo aponta as implicações do processo de nacionalização compulsória a uma escola alemã comunitária coordenada por uma Associação Escolar e mantida por uma Sociedade estabelecida no município de Porto União (SC), criada no final do século XIX e fechada oficialmente em 1939. A pesquisa teve por objetivo mostrar as consequências desse processo de nacionalização da educação, no cotidiano da escola alemã de Porto União (SC), mediante as exigências do Decreto Federal nº 406, de 04 de maio de 1938, conhecido como Lei da Nacionalização, culminando com o encerramento das atividades da mesma. A investigação utilizou de pesquisa bibliográfica e análise documental tendo como fonte o Livro de Atas da Associação “25 de Julho” de 1938 a 1941. Toma por base os estudos sobre as escolas alemãs em Santa Catarina de Klug (2003) e os estudos sobre as escolas comunitárias no Brasil de Kreutz (2000). Aponta-se como resultado os esforços, por parte dos membros da associação e da comunidade, para manterem a escola em funcionamento e, ao mesmo tempo, a negativa da Secretaria do Interior e da Justiça do Estado de Santa Catarina.
Introducción a las ideas jurídicas de Boaventura de Sousa Santos
Authors: Conde Gaxiola Napoleón
Published: June 2021

Es una reflexión sobre la relevancia del pensamiento sociológico y jurídico del jurista portugués Boaventura de Sousa Santos, mediante la revisión de sus conceptos fundamentales. Se trata de establecer una mínima interpretación sobre su comprensión del derecho en general y el derecho emancipatorio en particular, para proponer un derecho alternativo distante de las corrientes positivistas y jusnaturalistas, así como del marxismo univocista y proponer en consecuencia un derecho incluyente, afirmativo y plural. Por otro lado abordamos su punto de vista sobre el monoculturalismo, como herencia eurocéntrica, siendo utilizada, como instrumento de dominación no solo económica, jurídica y política, sino específicamente cultural. En otro ángulo, vemos sus comentarios sobre las epistemologías del norte típicas del neoliberalismo, en su afán imperial de imponer unidimensionalmente, su modelo cognitivo sobre las epistemologías del sur. Finalmente se estudia la hermenéutica diatópica como dispositivo primordial para interpretar el diálogo cultural, la interculturalidad y los procesos de aculturación y socialización. Es destacable su concepto de sociedad, cultura y derecho. A su vez presenta su mirada sociológica y un imaginario jurídico. comunitario y socializante.
Green Silver Nanoparticles Embedded in Cellulosic Network for Fresh Food Packaging
Authors: Kumari S. Chaitanya , Padma P. Naga , Anuradha K.
Published: June 2021

The demand for increasing the shelf life of fresh food as well as the need for protecting the food against foodborne infections warrant the demand for increasing the shelf life of fresh food. The incorporation of nanoparticles into the packaging material can enhance the preservation of perishable foods. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), in particular, have antibacterial, anti-mold, anti-yeast, and anti-viral activities can be embedded into the biodegradable packaging materials for this purpose. This study focuses on antimicrobial packaging materials for food by mixing the extracts of different plants with silver nitrate and depositing this mixture as a layer on the blotting papers, which are thick sheets of paper made of cellulose. Because the blotting papers are highly absorbent and porous, silver nitrate solution along with the plant extracts can be easily applied and allowed for in situ synthesis of AgNPs. Subsequently, these papers were analyzed and characterized using scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, atomic absorption spectroscopy, and energy dispersive X-ray analysis. The coated paper exhibited good antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Furthermore, the coated paper when used as a packaging material for tomatoes and coriander leaf, the shelf life was extended to about 30 days and 15 days respectively. The prepared cost-effective silver packing material can be used in food packaging for various perishable foods.
Screening of Epidemiologically Significant Mechanisms of Antibiotics to β-Lactams in Enterobacteriaceae - Pathogens of Zoonoses
Authors: Garkavenko T.O. , Gorbatyuk O.I. , Dybkova S.M. , Kozytska T.G. , Andriiashchuk V.O. , Kukhtyn M.D. , Horiuk Y.V.
Published: June 2021

Among the acquired mechanisms of resistance to antibiotics of microorganisms, the production of beta-lactamases, enzymes that inactivate penicillins, cephalosporins, carbapenems, and monobactams, is widespread. Most often, such beta-lactamases, in particular ESBL (extended-spectrum beta-lactamases), are capable of destroying III and IV generations of cephalosporins. One of the important ESBL producers is Escherichia coli and, to a lesser extent, Salmonella enteritidis, which are clinically significant in animals and humans. The purpose of the study was to screen ESBL DDM using cephalosporin markers and screening of mobile extrachromosomal factors of bacterial heredity – plasmids (potentially dangerous factors of genetic transport) in isolates of E. coli and S. enteritidis, polyresistant to aminoderms, from environmental objects, patho- and biological material, raw materials and products of animal origin. Results of our studies have shown the level of their distribution among animals, poultry, since from 13 field isolates of E. coli isolated from the milk of cows with mastitis and pathological material from pigs, ESBL production was found in 3 strains (23.1%) and from 18 field isolates of S. enteritidis isolated from pathological material from poultry, ESBL production was found in 2 strains (11.1%). Based on the results of molecular genetics studies, the presence of resistance plasmids (R-plasmids) in 9 field E. coli isolates was confirmed, 4 of which produced acquired beta-lactamases, incl. ESBL and 8 field isolates of S. enteritidis, 7 of which confirmed the presence of acquired carbapenemases.