bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modified MHC Class II–Associated Invariant Chain Induces Increased Antibody Responses againstPlasmodium falciparumAntigens after Adenoviral Vaccination
Authors: Fougeroux Cyrielle , Turner Louise , Bojesen Anders Miki , Lavstsen Thomas , Holst Peter Johannes
Published: March 2019

Adenoviral vectors can induce T and B cell immune responses to Ags encoded in the recombinant vector. The MHC class II invariant chain (Ii) has been used as an adjuvant to enhance T cell responses to tethered Ag encoded in adenoviral vectors. In this study, we modified the Ii adjuvant by insertion of a furin recognition site (Ii-fur) to obtain a secreted version of the Ii. To test the capacity of this adjuvant to enhance immune responses, we recombined vectors to encode Plasmodium falciparum virulence factors: two cysteine-rich interdomain regions (CIDR) α1 (IT4var19 and PFCLINvar30 var genes), expressed as a dimeric Ag. These domains are members of a highly polymorphic protein family involved in the vascular sequestration and immune evasion of parasites in malaria. The Ii-fur molecule directed secretion of both Ags in African green monkey cells and functioned as an adjuvant for MHC class I and II presentation in T cell hybridomas. In mice, the Ii-fur adjuvant induced a similar T cell response, as previously demonstrated with Ii, accelerated and enhanced the specific Ab response against both CIDR Ags, with an increased binding capacity to the cognate endothelial protein C receptor, and enhanced the breadth of the response toward different CIDRs. We also demonstrate that the endosomal sorting signal, secretion, and the C-terminal part of Ii were needed for the full adjuvant effect for Ab responses. We conclude that engineered secretion of Ii adjuvant–tethered Ags establishes a single adjuvant and delivery vehicle platform for potent T and B cell–dependent immunity.
INTRODUZIONE
Authors: Veca Salvatore
Published: March 2019

Non disponibile.
INDETERMINATEZZA METAFISICA E MECCANICA QUANTISTICA
Authors: Calosi Claudio
Published: March 2019

The paper argues that quantum mechanics provide examples of genuine metaphysical indeterminacy that cannot be accounted for in purely modal terms. The best account of quantum indeterminacy has it that quantum systems have determinable properties without thereby having a unique determinate of that determinable.
REALISMO E INDETERMINATEZZA NEI FONDAMENTI DELLA MATEMATICA
Authors: Boccuni Francesca
Published: March 2019

Two of the most influential foundational approaches in the philosophy of mathematics of the past thirty years, i.e. neologicism and ante rem mathematical structuralism, suffer from metaphysical and semantic indeterminacy. My present aim is to offer an explanation of this phenomenon and provide a solution in terms of arbitrary reference.
IPOTESI E SOTTODETERMINAZIONE IN FISICA E METAFISICA
Authors: Morganti Matteo
Published: March 2019

In the present paper, I aim to point out the shortcomings of those rather popular â€˜radicalâ€™ naturalistic approaches to philosophy (especially metaphysics) according to which the latter can either be made dependent on, or altogether eliminated in favour of, science (especially physics). Based on a case study concerning the ontology of quantum entities, I will argue that â€“ since metaphysical and scientific hypotheses are equally underdetermined by the empirical data â€“ a moderate naturalistic approach is preferable, whereby metaphysics and physics are to be intended as complementary activities.
Asymptomatic thoracic aortic aneurysm in a resource limited hospital in a 70-year-old man
Authors: Suwaid Mohammad A.
Published: March 2019

Aortic aneurysm is a term used to describe more than 50% dilatation of a segment of the aorta (artery) from its original diameter. The etiological factors include hypertension, artherosclerosis, trauma, congenital syphilis, mycotic bacterial dissection, inflammation etc. A case of a 70-year-old man with well-controlled long-standing hypertension whose check chest X-ray showed aortic aneurysm as an incidental finding which latera ruptured was discussed. The case report discusses the importance of follow up imaging in a hypertensive patient even with regular medication as absence of routine medical checkup including X-ray may lead to missing important complication like aortic aneurysm that can rupture if untreated. This is what prompted this case report so as to underscore the importance of at least check chest radiograph in a hypertensive patient.
Catholicism in the Face of Pentecostalism in Nigeria: An Advocacy for a United Christianity
Authors: Ele Christian O
Published: March 2019

Christianity is a world religion which has not only the scars of division but still has the scandal of dividing versions. It has sects, denominations, splinters and fragments with the confusion that each claims authenticity. As Roman Catholicism asserts her divine origin with Christological and Pneumatological facts and therefore Trinitarian and truly Pentecostal, other expressions whose nomenclature has Pentecostal titles claim the dunamis and the dynamics of the Holy Spirit whose ruach blows wherever it wills (John 3:8). These ecclesial bodies were called mush room churches in Nigeria. However, today they have much room and constitute a phenomenon that cannot be dismissed by the wave of the hand nor neglected both locally and globally. They have outlived mush rooms. In the light of this reality, this paper discussed Catholicism in the face of Pentecostalism in Nigeria with a conscious advocacy for a united Christianity. The findings of this paper revealed that Pentecostalism is real in the country and that the division among Christian Churches contradict the Will of Christ who prayed for the unity of all his followers (John 17:21). The methodology employed in this work is historic-descriptive which means that the proliferation of churches and its root causes and remedies were carefully studied and presented using the gainful values of history and the parameters of Ecumenism.Key Words: Catholicism, Pentecostalism, Nigeria, Advocacy and United Christianity.
The Role of the National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) in Post Conflict Situations in Nigeria
Authors: Amalu Nneka Sophie , Adetu Moyosore Odusola
Published: March 2019

The main thrust of this paper is to examine the role of the National Human Rights Commission in post conflict situations in Nigeria. Given the series of conflicts and security challenges across the country, there is no doubt that with conflict underway, serious human rights violations will be recorded. And for there to be meaningful restoration of peace, issues of human rights must be addressed. Thus, the National Human Rights Commission established by the government in 1995 has the mandate of handling issues of human rights in areas where conflict has been experienced. However, it is pertinent to note that the mandates of the NHRC in post conflict situations differ from during times of peace as well as the challenges the face. Data from both primary and secondary sources reveal that the role of the Commission’s in post conflict situations includes investigation of post conflict complaints, encouraging human-rights negotiations with conflict parties; obtaining justice and reparation for victims, monitoring and evaluating governments’ post conflict policies inter alia. Though challenged by inadequate funding, lack of unskilled staff, lack of autonomy, the paper emphasizes that the NRHC is well-positioned to do significant and important work in post conflict situations.Key words: NHRC, Human Rights, Conflict, Post Conflict Situation, Nigeria
Of Printmaking, Creativity and Studio Practice: A Dialogue with Malcolm Christian, Caverhsam Press
Authors: Morgan Trevor Vermont
Published: March 2019

Malcolm Christian is a 67-year old South African who grew up in Durban (Natal, KwaZulu-Natal). His parentage was of the second, third generations from UK. He spent his first 24 years in South Africa doing his studies before going to London for one-year scholarship: On finishing school he completed a Diploma in Fine Art majoring in sculpture combined with a certificate in photography at the Natal College for Technical Education. He won an overseas scholarship which enabled him to study printmaking at Croydon College for Art and Design, London. After returning to South Africa he taught in a number of tertiary education institutions prior to taking a life-changing decision to go into practice, establishing a printmaking press (studio) which a wide-range of artists have continued to leverage upon. His press at the ‘lonely’ midland of Caversham in KwaZulu-Natal has remained a huge facility of a studio, first of its kind in South Africa, established in 1985. Malcolm has, by his collaborative engagement at Caversham studio, grounded a creative osmosis between formal institutions of art and professional practitioners. This he does by admitting artists for residences, organising workshops for young learners. This creative initiative has also budded into brilliant strands such as the Caversham Centre for Artists and Writers, CreACTive Centres and the entrepreneurial model for hand-made fabric printing and workshop, the Caversham Textile. Malcolm’s approach is an excellent paradigm for today’s artists and professional producers of creative culture. Kathy Arbuckle of University of KwaZulu-Natal convivially referred to him as a ‘Picasso’. I sat down with him in April 2018 to dialogue in details.
Psychosocial Variables and Sustainable Safety Environment in Secondary Schools in Calabar Education Zone
Authors: Amalu Melvina , Abuo Cyril Bisong
Published: March 2019

The study centered on investigating psychosocial variables and sustainable safety environment in secondary schools in Calabar Education Zone. The study adopted a survey research design with a census sampling technique since the population was not large and the researchers can handle all the members of the population. A total of 86 principals were used in Calabar Education Zone. A questionnaire titled ‘Psychosocial variables and sustainable safety environment scale (PVSSES) was used for data collection. The instrument was validated by three Experts in Measurement and  Evaluation, University of Calabar, Calabar and the reliability was established using Cronbach alpha technique. The coefficient of the sub scales ranged from .87-88 and was considered high for the instrument to be used for data collection. The data were collected by the researchers and the data analysis were carried out using Pearson product Moment correlation using SPSS version 20.0 and the result showed There is no significant relationship between school- community relationship, provision of security measures, principals attitude to security issues and sustainable safety environment in secondary school It was recommended that school managements should ensure that they maintain a cordial relationship with host communities in order for them to provide security cover to schools and that measures such as provision of security personnel to schools as well as erection of comprehensive fence be built in secondary schools to avoid break ins. That principles should be alert to identify security threats in the school and report same to operatives in order to fore stall breaches that may affect the lives of the teachers and students in the school.
Understanding the catalytic role of oxalic acid in SO3 hydration to form H2SO4 in the atmosphere
Authors: Lv Guochun , Sun Xiaomin , Zhang Chenxi , Li Mei
Published: March 2019

Abstract. The hydration of SO3 plays an important role in atmospheric
sulfuric acid formation. Some atmospheric species can be involved in and
facilitate the reaction. In this work, using quantum chemical calculations,
we show that oxalic acid, the most common dicarboxylic acid in the
atmosphere, can effectively catalyze the hydration of SO3. The
energy barrier of the SO3 hydration reaction catalyzed by oxalic acid
(cTt, tTt, tCt and cCt conformers) is a little higher or less than
1 kcal mol−1, which is lower than the energy barrier of
5.17 kcal mol−1 for water-catalyzed SO3 hydration. Compared
with the rates of the SO3 hydration reaction catalyzed by oxalic acid
and water, it can be found that in the upper troposphere the OA-catalyzed SO3 hydration can play an important role in
promoting SO3 hydration. It leads us to conclude that the
involvement of oxalic acid in SO3 hydration to form
H2SO4 is significant in the atmosphere.
Comment on the paper Insignificant effect of climate change on
winter haze pollution in Beijing by Shen et al. (2018)
Authors: Liu Run , Mao Lu , Liu Shaw Chen , Zhang Yuanhang , Liao Hong , Chen Huopo , Wang Yuhang
Published: March 2019

Abstract. The recent paper by Shen et al. (2018) (referred to hereafter as SHEN) made a sweeping statement on the winter haze pollution in Beijing by claiming “Insignificant effect of climate change on winter haze in Beijing”. We argue that the paper contains three serious flaws. Either one of the three flaws can nullify the claim of SHEN.
Phenomena preceding major earthquakes interconnected through a physical model
Authors: Varotsos Panayiotis A. , Sarlis Nicholas  V. , Skordas Efthimios S.
Published: March 2019

Abstract. The analysis of earthquake time series in a new time domain termed natural time enables the uncovering of hidden properties in time series of complex systems and has been recently employed as basis of a method to estimate seismic risk. Applying this analysis, as an example, to the Japanese seismic data from 1 January 1984 until the super-giant M9 Tohoku earthquake on 11 March 2011, we find that almost three months before its occurrence the entropy change of seismicity under time reversal is minimized on 22 December 2010, which signals an impending major earthquake. On this date the order parameter fluctuations of seismicity exhibit abrupt increase. This increase is accompanied by various phenomena, e.g., from this date the horizontal GPS azimuths start to become gradually oriented toward the southern direction, while they had random orientation during the preceding period. Two weeks later, a minimum of the order parameter fluctuations of seismicity appears accompanied by anomalous Earth's magnetic field variations and by full alignment of the orientations of GPS azimuths southwards leading to the most intense crust uplift. These phenomena are discussed and found to be in accordance with a physical model which seems to explain on a unified basis anomalous precursory changes observed either in ground-based measurements or in satellite data.
Dual state/rainfall correction via soil moisture assimilation for improved streamflow simulation: Evaluation of a large-scale implementation with SMAP satellite data
Authors: Mao Yixin , Crow Wade T. , Nijssen Bart
Published: March 2019

Abstract. Soil moisture (SM) measurements contain information about both pre-storm hydrologic states and within-storm rainfall estimates, both are essential for accurate streamflow simulation. In this study, an existing dual state/rainfall correction system is extended and implemented in a large basin with a semi-distributed land surface model. The latest Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) satellite surface SM retrievals are assimilated to simultaneously correct antecedent SM states in the model and rainfall estimates from the latest Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) mission. While the GPM rainfall is corrected slightly to moderately, especially for larger events, the correction is smaller than that reported in past studies because of the improved baseline quality of the new GPM satellite product. The streamflow is corrected slightly to moderately via dual correction across 8 Arkansas-Red sub-basins. The correction is larger at sub-basins with poorer GPM rainfall and poorer open-loop streamflow simulations. Overall, although the dual data assimilation scheme is able to nudge streamflow simulations in the correct direction, it corrects only a relatively small portion of the total streamflow error. Systematic modeling error accounts for a larger portion of the overall streamflow error, which is uncorrectable by standard data assimilation techniques. These findings suggest that we may be reaching a point of diminishing returns for applying data assimilation approaches to correct random errors in streamflow simulations. More substantial streamflow correction would rely on future research efforts aimed at reducing the systematic error and developing higher-quality satellite rainfall products.
Lithospheric and sub-lithospheric deformation under the Borborema Province of NE Brazil from receiver function harmonic stripping
Authors: Lamarque Gaelle , Julià Jordi
Published: March 2019

Abstract. The depth-dependent anisotropic structure of the lithosphere under the Borborema Province of northeast Brazil has been investigated through harmonic stripping of receiver functions developed at 39 stations in the region. This method retrieves the first (k = 1) and second (k = 2) degree harmonics of a receiver function dataset, which characterize seismic anisotropy beneath a seismic station. Anisotropic fabrics are in turn directly related to the deformation of the lithosphere from past and current tectonic processes. Our results reveal the presence of anisotropy within the crust and the lithospheric mantle throughout the entire Province, with the exception of a few stations in the continental interior that lack evidence for any anisotropic signatures. Most stations in the continental interior report consistent anisotropic orientations in the crust and lithospheric mantle, suggesting a dominant NE-SW pervasive deformation along lithospheric-scale shear zones developed during the Brasiliano-Pan African orogeny. The lack of anisotropy at a few stations along a NE-SW trend in the center on the Province is harder to explain, but might be related to heating of the lithosphere by an asthenospheric channel. Finally, several stations along the Atlantic coast reveal depth-dependent anisotropic orientations roughly (sub)perpendicular to the margin. These results suggest a more recent overprint, probably related to the presence of frozen anisotropy in the lithosphere due to stretching and rifting during the opening of the South Atlantic.
Role of discrete water recharge from supraglacial drainage systems in modeling patterns of subglacial conduits in Svalbard glaciers
Authors: Decaux Léo , Grabiec Mariusz , Ignatiuk Dariusz , Jania Jacek
Published: March 2019

Abstract. As the behavior of subglacial water plays a determining role in glacier
dynamics, it requires particular attention, especially in the context of
climate warming, which is increasing ablation and generating greater amounts of
meltwater. On many glaciers, water flowing from the glacier's surface is the
main source of supply to the subglacial drainage system. This system is
largely influenced by the supraglacial drainage system, which collects
meltwater and precipitation and rapidly delivers it to discrete points in the
glacier bed via moulins and crevassed areas, called water input areas (WIAs).
Models of patterns of subglacial conduits mainly based on the hydrological
potential gradient are still regularly performed without taking into account the supraglacial drainage
system. We modeled the pattern of subglacial
channels in two glaciers located in Svalbard, the land-terminating
Werenskioldbreen and the tidewater Hansbreen during the 2015 melt season. We
modeled a spatial and a discrete water recharge in order to compare them.
First, supraglacial catchments were determined for each WIA on a high-resolution digital elevation model using the standard watershed
modeling tool in ArcGIS. Then, interpolated water runoff was calculated for
all the main WIAs. Our model also accounts for several water pressure
conditions. For our two studied glaciers, during the ablation season 2015,
72.5 % of total runoff was provided by meltwater and 27.5 % by
precipitation. Changes in supraglacial drainage on a decadal timescale are
observed in contrast to its nearly stable state on an annual timescale.
Nevertheless, due to the specific nature of those changes, it seems to have a
low impact on the subglacial system. Therefore, our models of subglacial
channel are assumed to be valid for a minimum period of two decades and
depend on changes in the supraglacial drainage system. Results showed that,
for Svalbard tidewater glaciers with large crevassed areas, models of
subglacial channels that assume spatial water recharge may be somewhat
imprecise but are far from being completely incorrect, especially for the
ablation zone. On the other hand, it is important to take discrete water
recharge into account in the case of land-terminating Svalbard glaciers with
limited crevassed areas. In all cases, considering a discrete water recharge
when modeling patterns of theoretical subglacial channels seems to produce
more realistic results according to current knowledge.
The Role of Trade Costs in the Russian-Paraguayan Trade Relations
Authors: Ryzhkova Valeriia S. , Koval Alexandra G.
Published: March 2019

The changed geopolitical situation and deterioration of Russia-West relations has induced the expansion of trade and economic cooperation between Russia and Latin American countries. Currently, Paraguay is explicitly showing its readiness to strengthen recently built trade relations with Russia. In order to fuel their increased mutual interest, it is crucial to struggle with impediments that hinder the trade between them. The export potential assessments demonstrate that Russia and Paraguay indeed have potential to intensify bilateral trade, even though the opportunities for export diversification are quite limited. The authors conduct a survey to identify the major trade costs and their role in the development of the Russian-Paraguayan trade relations. The survey findings reveal that transportation and logistics costs significantly impede the exports of both countries as well as information-related obstacles represent the top concern for Russian export companies, while non-tariff measures, language and cultural barriers are relevant for Paraguayan firms. In order to intensify the Russian-Paraguayan commercial relations, the policy makers could deal with these barriers via a higher exchange of market information through different institutional channels.
From NAFTA to USMCA: Two’s Company, Three’s a Crowd
Authors: Condon Bradly J.
Published: March 2019

The renegotiation of NAFTA was surrounded by a dramatic atmosphere, just as Canadian Minister of Foreign Affairs Chrystia Freeland predicted. The negotiations took place against a backdrop of unilateral trade measures, President Trump’s mercantilist approach to trade policy, and the United States’ specified preference for bilateral trade deals. This article argues that, for the most part, economic, political and cultural relations in the NAFTA countries are bilateral in nature, but with important trilateral production chains in specific sectors, most notably in the automotive sector. Beyond these trilateral sectors, the relationship between Canada and Mexico plays a relatively minor role. However, replacing NAFTA with bilateral agreements would have placed Canada and Mexico at a disadvantage, relative to the United States, in terms of attracting foreign direct investment. Nevertheless, Canadian and Mexican interests do not always coincide, nor do their negotiating positions. For example, Mexico was willing to give up Chapter 19 dispute settlement for trade remedies, whereas Canada insisted on keeping it in place. In end, USMCA Chapter 10 preserves this dispute settlement mechanism for all three parties. Canada was willing to give up NAFTA Chapter 11 on foreign investment disputes, whereas Mexico accepted a modified version. The result is a trilateral agreement with significant bilateral elements, as well as global elements that will serve as a possible model in future megaregional and multilateral negotiations.
Identifying Common Errors of the First Graders in the Writing of Vertical Numbers
Authors: Doğan Zeynep
Published: March 2019

The aim of the study is to investigate the errors that first grade students have made in their writing of verticalnumbers which have just been applied by removing cursive writing. Considering the aim of the study, verticalnumber writing styles of the first-grade students in primary school were analyzed. The sample of the study consistsof 116 students who are studying in the first grade of primary school. The study was defined as a case study. A datacollection tool was developed for determining the mistakes that students made while writing the vertical numbers inline with the aim of the research. Through the data collection tool, all numbers from 0 to 9 are given as writtenstatements and it is required to write the numbers in the spaces left under them. The results obtained from theanalysis of the data include the existing types of errors that are relevant to the number writing in the students after thefirst literacy teaching processes. According to the results of the research, writing the numbers oblique,vertical-horizontal-diagonal straight lines are drawn in a curvilinear style, curvilinear and circular lines are distorted,numbers are not aligned in the direction of writing, and some numbers are written in reverse have been seen as themost common errors. In accordance with the types of errors identified in the research, it is thought that the emphasison dictation studies to increase the awareness of students will decrease these types of errors and their frequency. It isalso stated that it is important to diversify the related studies as much as possible, taking into consideration theindividual differences of the students.
Practicing Mail Art in Visual Arts Course, and Evaluation of the Artworks of Students
Authors: Genç Süreyya
Published: March 2019

Purpose of this study is to identify the contribution of the educational use of mail art to Visual Arts Course. Thisstudy has been designed to attain an idea from the activity samples, in order for a more effective and eager teachingof the course. This is a descriptive study based on case study model. The study group consists of 4th-grade studentsfrom a randomly selected elementary school located in Bartın province of Turkey in 2018-2019 school year. Havingbeen carried out with the participation of 43 students, this study is considered significant; as it enables the students tofollow art activities at early ages and introduce them to the concepts of art, artist and process of art-making;emphasizes variety of activities to be applied in visual arts course; and serves as a sample for further researches.Besides, there was no research found on the use of mail art in visual arts course, which makes this study necessary.The study lasted two course hours and the designs of students were collected at the end. Upon consulting expertopinions, designs of the students were subjected to a content analysis in terms of the techniques and objects used, andthe choice of subjects. Then the obtained data were tabulated and interpreted descriptively. Based on the observationsof the researcher, the most remarkable findings of the study are accepted to be the positive effect of planning anactivity different from the regular course format for students; as well as witnessing their enthusiasm, joy, interest,happiness and the authentic works they designed.
Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of essential oil from Pyrethrum pulchrum Ledeb.
Authors: Erdenetsogt Uugangerel , Gotov Choijamts , Voigt Kerstin , Bartram Stefan , Boland Wilhelm , Dagvadorj Enkhmaa
Published: March 2019

The chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oil from the aerial parts of Pyrethrum pulchrum Ledeb. were investigated. Dried plant material was hydro-distillated yielding 0.1% of essential oil. The oil was analyzed by GC-MS techniques. Fifty-five compounds were identified representing 99.7% of the total oil composition. Camphor was the predominant compound (33.9%) followed by linalool (21.1%) and α-pinene (9.0%). The antimicrobial activity of the oil was determined using the disk diffusion method against Gram-positive bacteria (Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis), Gram-negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli), Mycobacterium vaccae and fungi (Candida albicans, Sporidiobolus salmonicolor and Penicillum notatum). The essential oil of P. pulchrum displays an intermediate activity against selected bacteria.
Estructura y dinámica de argumentos analógicos, abductivos y deductivos: un curso de geometría del espacio como contexto de reflexión
Authors: Molina Jaime Oscar Javier , Font Vicenç , Pino-Fan Luis
Published: March 2019

Se describen procesos de argumentación con énfasis en los argumentos analógicos, surgidos cuando un grupo de estudiantes aborda un problema que puede ser resuelto tanto en la geometría plana como en la del espacio. Para ello, en el marco de una metodología cualitativa basada en la realidad del aula, se emplea el modelo de Toulmin para tipificar los argumentos producidos y se realiza un análisis ontosemiótico para describir la actividad matemática asociada. Los resultados permiten legitimar el uso de argumentos abductivos o analógicos en procesos de resolución de problemas (particularmente, de geometría del espacio) precisando la forma en que estos articulan y dinamizan diversos objetos (conceptos, procedimientos, proposiciones) presentes en el proceso. Además, permiten detallar las fases de una argumentación por analogía mediante las configuraciones de los dominios que involucra.
La educación científica frente al pensamiento anticrítico en la vida diaria
Authors: Jiménez Taracido Lourdes , Otero Gutierrez Jose
Published: March 2019

El trabajo contrasta algunas características del pensamiento crítico que se intenta promover en las clases de ciencias con las características de una clase de pensamiento que hemos llamado anticrítico, promovido por ciertos actores sociales. Para ello, en primer lugar, se analizan las caracterizaciones del pensamiento crítico, en especial su carácter evaluativo basado en estándares de calidad. A continuación, se examinan algunos ejemplos de pensamiento anticrítico que violan deliberadamente los estándares de claridad y precisión cuya aplicación se intenta desarrollar en la escuela. Finalmente, se concluye resaltando la importancia de promover el tratamiento explícito del pensamiento anticrítico mediante enfoques interdisciplinarios en las aulas.
Rentengesellschaften
Authors: Peters Stefan
Published: March 2019

A strong dependence on raw materials characterises a growing number of countries in the Global South. For decades, research into this subject has concentrated on the developmental consequences of this focus on raw materials and in lively discussions has generated arguments both for and against the so-called ‘resource curse’. Using the example of Latin American (neo-) extractivism and focusing on Venezuela, this book reveals that resource-dependent countries cannot be accurately defined according to conventional standards. It calls for research into rentier capitalism to be revamped and, within this framework, provides insights into both the economic, political, societal and socioecological particularities of rentier societies in the Global South and, by extension, the relationship between raw materials and development.
The art of information literacy: New competencies for art, architecture, and design learners
Authors: How Linden , Meeks Amanda , Robinson Shannon Marie , Vincent Alyssa
Published: March 2019

Art, architecture, and design curriculum in higher education has evolved in many ways over the past decade. While many universities and colleges still ascribe to the Bauhaus model as a core approach to instruction, shifts in technology, modes of making, global perspectives, and the professional landscape have required responsiveness on the part of these institutions. Today’s art, architecture, and design learners need to be equipped to navigate, evaluate, and ethically use vast quantities and varieties of information in their practices. As a result of these evolutions and the influence of the ACRL Framework for Information Literacy for Higher Education, library pedagogy for these disciplines has accordingly shifted away from traditional bibliographic instruction and towards information literacy-based approaches.
Zdravljenje akutnega bronhiolitisa s kisikom
Authors: Rodman Berlot Jasna , Pascolo Paola , Praprotnik Marina , Krivec Uroš
Published: March 2019

Akutni bronhiolitis je najpogostejša okužba spodnjih dihal pri otrocih, mlajših od dveh let. Zdravljenje akutnega bronhiolitisa je podporno. Poleg skrbi za primerno hidracijo je dodatek kisika otrokom s hipoksemijo praktično edini način zdravljenja teh otrok. Vrednost, ki jo dobimo s pulznim oksimetrom, je le posredna meritev dejanske vrednosti kisika v krvi in ne odrazi resnosti bolezni. Z dodatkom kisika sicer povišamo zasičenost hemoglobina s kisikom in tako zmanjšamo hipoksemijo, ne zdravimo pa osnovnega vzroka za njen nastanek. Kljub vsemu pulzna oksimetrija ostaja odločilna preiskava pri odločitvi glede zdravljenja s kisikom, saj z nobenim kliničnim znakom ne moremo natančno oceniti, ali gre pri otroku za hipoksemijo. Študije so pokazale, da pediatri pri oceni resnosti bolezni vse bolj zaupajo vrednosti zasičenosti kisika v krvi (SpO2) kot pa klinični oceni. Odkar je pulzna oksimetrija v uporabi, se je odstotek hospitaliziranih zaradi akutnega bronhiolitisa zvišal za približno 250 %. Smernice za obravnavo otrok z akutnim bronhiolitisom niso enotne glede vrednosti SpO2, ki zahtevajo zdravljenje s kisikom. V prispevku smo jih kritično ovrednotili in predstavili lastne izkušnje glede zdravljenja akutnega bronhiolitisa s kisikom.
Las relaciones entre las familias y la escuela en la etapa adolescente: implicaciones para el Departamento de Orientación
Authors: SancheZ Castro Noelia , Facal David
Published: March 2019

El desarrollo del alumnado adolescente tiene lugar en una sociedad en constante cambio y se ve influenciado por factores económicos, sociales y culturales que es necesario tener en cuenta desde la institución escolar para mejorar nuestras intervenciones. El presente trabajo tiene por objetivo realizar un análisis de las nuevas tendencias en el estudio del desarrollo adolescente, prestando especial atención a las relaciones entre las familias y los centros de educación secundaria. Para ello se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica en las bases de datos PsycInfo, Web of Science y Eric.La tendencia que se observa en las relaciones entre las familias de los adolescentes y los centros de secundaria es una disminución en la participación y en la implicación de las primeras en las actividades escolares de sus hijos a medida que estos avanzan de curso. Además, estas relaciones presentan un marcado carácter bidireccional, están vinculadas a situaciones negativas y, generalmente, son iniciadas por los docentes, sirviendo a una función informativa más que participativa.Teniendo en cuenta esta realidad, se sugieren acciones que pueden ser llevadas a cabo desde los Departamentos de Orientación de los centros educativos para mejorar las relaciones entre estos dos colectivos y hacer de la escuela un espacio abierto a toda la comunidad.
Revisión sobre la intervención precoz en dificultades de aprendizaje relacionadas con la lectura
Authors: Sánchez Fuentes Sergio , Martín Almaraz Rosario A. , Moreno Medina Irene , Espada Chavarría Rosa Mª
Published: March 2019

Este trabajo tiene como objetivo principal realizar una revisión sistemática relacionada con la intervención precoz en la lectura. Para ello, se han analizado las publicaciones desde el año 2000 hasta el 2016 de las bases de datos de la Web of Science, Medline, SCIELO, Korean Journal Database y Current Contents con los términos de búsqueda de Learning disabilities AND Early reading AND Intervention AND Children. De los 113 documentos identificados, finalmente solo 11 son tenidos en cuenta debido a diferentes criterios de exclusión. Los resultados describen que tres artículos son de revisiones y meta-análisis, tres de estudios de cohortes, cuatro de estudios longitudinales y un estudio de casos. Los autores concluyen que existe una necesidad de cambio en el sistema educativo que contemple las medidas destinadas a ayudar a adquirir los mecanismos de base de la lectura en las etapas iniciales del aprendizaje.
La felicidad en estudiantes universitarios. ¿Existen diferencias según género, edad o elección de estudios?
Authors: Caballero García Presentación Ángeles , Sánchez Ruiz Sara
Published: March 2019

El trabajo que presentamos estudia la felicidad en estudiantes universitarios, y las posibles diferencias por género, edad, y elección de estudios que pudieran surgir en su percepción subjetiva, derivadas de una intervención en el aula basada en emociones positivas y creatividad. Utilizamos un diseño cuasi-experimental con pretest y postest. La muestra estuvo formada por 83 estudiantes universitarios y de Grados Técnicos Superiores, que fueron evaluados con la escala de Felicidad Subjetiva de Lyubomirsky y Lepper (1999) y el Cuestionario de Felicidad de Oxford de Hills y Argyle (2002). Los resultados muestran que no existen diferencias significativas en la percepción de felicidad por género, edad y elección de estudios, sin embargo, el programa de intervención en emociones positivas fue efectivo y aumentó significativamente la felicidad subjetiva de los alumnos del grupo experimental frente al control. La felicidad ha sido asociada positivamente al éxito académico, favorece el afrontamiento de situaciones estresantes de la vida universitaria; tiene efectos positivos en la salud y el bienestar personal y social, contribuye a la calidad de vida. Dada la importancia de preparar al alumno para la vida laboral y los beneficios que las emociones positivas les aporta defendemos su uso integrado en las aulas universitarias.
HYDROGENIZATION OF SUBSTITUTED NITRO-, AZOBENZENES, THEIR MIXTURE AND SUBSTITUTED NITROAZOBENZEN ON SKELETAL NICKEL IN AQUEOUS 2-PROPANOL SOLUTIONS
Authors: Anh Hoang , Belova Aleksandra V. , Lefedova Olga V. , Latypova Adel R. , Filippov Dmitriy V.
Published: March 2019

The article is devoted to the investigation of the hydrogenation of 4-nitroaniline, 4-amino-2'-hydroxy-5'-methylazobenzene, their mixture and 4-nitro-2'-hydroxy-5'-methylazobenzene on skeletal nickel in an aqueous solution of 2-propanol with azeotropic composition (x2 = 0.68) and this solvent with the addition of acid (0.01 M CH3COOH) or sodium hydroxide (0.01 M NaOH). The elucidation of the reasons and the development of approaches to the selective control of the staged transformations of substituted nitroazobenzenes containing two reactive groups in a molecule under the conditions of hydrogenation are of interest from theoretical and practical points of view. The rate of formation of intermediate products during the hydrogenation of nitroazobenzenes is largely determined by the activation of nitro and azo groups. The aim of the work is to conduct a comparative analysis of the rates of conversion of nitro- and azogroups in individual compounds with the rates of hydrogenation of their mixture and the rate of conversion of nitroazobenzene, which simultaneously contains nitro- and azogroups, to discuss the reasons for the influence of the solvent composition on the conversion rates of mono- and disubstituted benzenes. UV-spectroscopic data indicate that the electronic state of the hydrogenated compounds in the solvent compositions used does not undergo significant changes, since the absorption maxima are shifted by no more than 1 nm, both with the addition of acid and base. On the contrary, the observed rates of hydrogenation of mono- and disubstituted benzenes vary within fairly wide limits. A comparative analysis of the rates of hydrogenation of individual compounds, their mixtures and disubstituted benzene allows us to conclude that the priority of reduction of one or another group in 4-nitro-2'-hydroxy-5'-methyl-azobenzene can be made on the basis of calculating the quantitative ratio of the reaction products. When a mixture of compounds containing nitro and azo groups is hydrogenated, their adsorption rather than reactivity begins to play the primary role.
CONTEXTE DE FORMATION UNIVERSITAIRE D’ÉTUDIANTS RÉSIDENTS PERMANENTS (ERP) AYANT IMMIGRÉ AU QUÉBEC
Authors: Kanouté Fasal , Guennouni Hassani Rajae , Bouchamma Yamina
Published: March 2019

Cet article rend compte d’une partie des résultats d’une recherche sur les facteurs qui freinent ou facilitent la persévérance aux études universitaires d’étudiants résidents permanents (ERP), donc récemment immigrés au Québec. La collecte des données s’est déroulée dans six établissements d’enseignement supérieur au Québec, auprès de ERP et d’enseignants (professeurs et chargés de cours), par le bais de questionnaire en ligne et d’entretiens. Les résultats montrent que les ERP conjuguent stress d’acculturation et stress académique. Cette imbrication est illustrée à travers les défis que rencontrent les ERP, de l’admission aux transactions avec les ressources institutionnelles, en passant par le contenu-le déroulement des cours et la maitrise du français et de l’anglais.
La dynamique interactionnelle au service du codéveloppement professionnel d’enseignants associés réunis en communauté de pratique
Authors: Portelance Liliane , Gervais Colette , Boisvert Geneviève , Quessy Mylène
Published: March 2019

Vu son expertise en classe et dans l’école, l’enseignant associé est considéré comme une personne essentielle à la formation initiale en enseignement. Des attentes à son égard sont formulées par les instances ministérielles (gouvernement du Québec, 2002, 2008), mais aussi par les stagiaires (Caron, Portelance & Martineau, 2013). Pour répondre, l’enseignant associé est fortement incité à s’inscrire dans un processus de formation continue, ce qui lui permet d’enrichir ses pratiques de formateur du stagiaire. Dans le but de soutenir le développement des compétences attendues des enseignants associés (Portelance, Gervais, Lessard, Beaulieu et al, 2008), une recherche subventionnée par le ministère de l’Éducation du Québec
1
utilise une approche collaborative avec une communauté de pratique composée d’enseignants associés. Les membres sont engagés dans une démarche de réflexion et de coconstruction de sens (Bourassa, Philion & Chevalier, 2007). Les discussions portent sur les pratiques d’encadrement du stagiaire. L’analyse de leurs propos met en évidence les manifestations de la dynamique interactionnelle qui favorise leur codéveloppement professionnel.
Le débriefing après observation à l’école primaire comme situation réactive de développement pour l’enseignant et les élèves
Authors: Munoz Gregory , Villeret Olivier , Bourmaud Gaëtan
Published: March 2019

Depuis Piaget (1936), le concept de développement concerne les formes d’adaptation déployées par le sujet au sein de son environnement. Inspirées par cette perspective constructiviste, de nombreuses approches, telles que la didactique professionnelle (Pastré, 2011), la problématisation (Fabre, 2009, 2011) et les démarches d’investigation (Grangeat, 2011, 2013) ont avancé l’idée de former par les situations. Dans le cadre des attendus socioconstructivistes des derniers programmes d’enseignement, nous analysons l’activité d’enseignants lors d’un débriefing après observation (Villeret, 2008) autour des phases de la Lune menée en classe de primaire (Munoz & Villeret, 2012). Nous examinons dans cet article le fait de savoir si le débriefing après observation constitue une situation permettant le développement des élèves et de l’enseignant. Nous montrons que cette activité permet aux élèves d’apprendre à problématiser, de conceptualiser et de développer des connaissances épistémologiquement fondées. Elle permet également à l’enseignant de développer ses compétences à « faire problématiser 
» les élèves. Ces résultats nous permettent de discuter à nouveaux frais la notion de «
 situation potentielle de développement 
» (Mayen, 1999) pour la compléter par les notions de «
 situation réactive de développement 
» et «
 situation effective de développement 
».
L’engagement dans une pratique culturelle comme occasion de développement professionnel. Le cas de salariés associatifs en situation d’accompagnement de bénévoles
Authors: Tardif-Bourgoin Florence
Published: March 2019

Dans un contexte de professionnalisation associative qui vient profondément modifier l’offre de formation destinée aux bénévoles dans les centres sociaux, notre contribution (issue d’une recherche doctorale) propose d’envisager l’accompagnement des bénévoles comme une occasion de développement professionnel pour les salariés en charge de les accueillir. La recherche concernée a mobilisé un cadre théorique qui articule les travaux sur la professionnalité émergente et l’éthos professionnel (Jorro, 2009 ; 2011) avec la théorie des communautés de pratique (Wenger, 2005). Nous proposons ici d’envisager ces situations d’accompagnement sous l’angle d’un engagement dans une pratique culturelle (Billett, 2008) à partir de la mise au jour des valeurs en acte qui viennent orienter les pratiques dans les espaces concernés.
La llave de Nueva España. Proyectos defensivos para los territorios de Luisiana (1770-1795)
Authors: Cruz Freire Pedro
Published: March 2019

El presente estudio trata de analizar, a través de diferentes propuestas, el estado de las fortificaciones de la provincia de Luisiana y las líneas de actuación que para su defensa se llevaron a cabo en aquel territorio en el periodo comprendido entre 1764 y 1795. Para ello, han sido recopilados los diversos informes elaborados por el militar Francisco Bouligny y los ingenieros Francisco Sabatini y Juan María Perchet, entre otros, documentos que han ayudado a reconstruir las principales cuestiones defensivas y estratégicas de la zona.
El arquitecto carmelita fray José Alberto Pina versus el gremio de albañiles de Zaragoza (1731-1735)
Authors: Carretero Calvo Rebeca
Published: March 2019

Este artículo da a conocer y analiza el pleito que el carmelita calzado fray José Alberto Pina interpuso al gremio de albañiles de Zaragoza en 1731 por impedir su acceso al grado de maestro. La asociación zaragozana basó su defensa en dos motivos: la condición de religioso de Pina, y su formación incompleta. Sin embargo, pese a que a lo largo de la causa se demostró que ambas cuestiones, legalmente, no eran óbice para que el fraile optara a la maestría, el gremio consiguió imponerse. Ante el fracaso, fray José Alberto fue trasladado por su Orden primero a la diócesis de Tarazona y después a Levante, territorios en los que desarrolló una intensa y destacada actividad arquitectónica.
La cambiante imagen de Napoleón en España: del retrato imperial a la bestia apocalíptica y su desmemoria
Authors: Vega Jesusa
Published: March 2019

La guerrra contra Napoleón significó la súbita y rápidas transformación de su imagen entre los españoles quienes, con motivo de la alianza política, habían seguido su fulgurante carrera a través de lso textos de los diarios y las estampas. Tras la batalla de Bailén y la retirada temporal de los franceses de Madrid comienza una nueva personificación caricaturesca de Bonaparte de notable influencia inglesa. Entre la imagineria que se creó exprofeso tuvo enorme impacto entre los españoles la alentada por Rudolf Ackerman, editor londinenese que decidió dedicar una aprte de su producción a la causa española. Veinte años más tarde, en 1834, la silueta de Napoleón se entendía como la de un personaje extraordinario entre los mismos españoles.