bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Understanding Compressibility Coefficients in Heterogeneous Fractured Rocks and Implications for CSG Reservoir Simulation
Authors: Santiago V. , Rodger I. , Hayes P. , Leonardi C. , Deisman N.
Published: November 2023

A variety of different compressibility terms, including cleat compressibility and bulk compressibility, are used when modelling coal seam gas (CSG) reservoirs. The relationship between different compressibility terms is often theoretically straightforward, but in practice may be much more complex, particularly when considering heterogeneous and/or fractured rocks. This paper outlines experimental work measuring different compressibility terms using printed rock samples, and analysis that demonstrates some of the challenges associated with relating these compressibilities. Three-dimensional printed rock samples with heterogeneity (layers of different stiffness), some of which included planar fractures, were created. The compressibility of these samples was measured based on changes in permeability (as might be used to estimate cleat/fracture compressibility) and also based on volumetric strain. Simple models were history matched to estimate the cleat compressibility, which is then used to calculate a bulk compressibility based on theoretical relationships. This is then compared to the bulk compressibility measurement based on volumetric strain. Initial results indicate that the relationship between the different compressibility terms is much more complex than theory suggests. The theoretical relationship of bulk compressibility with pore compressibility yields values up to one order of magnitude different from that of laboratory measurements. Our study highlights the importance of cleat compressibility in modelling CSG reservoirs and the significance of bulk compressibility in estimating deformation associated with CSG production. We believe our findings will contribute to a better understanding of compressibility terms in CSG reservoir modelling and encourage further research in this area.
A Fit-For-Purpose Automated Decline Curve Analysis Using Python and BI Dashboard
Authors: Kumar A. , Nukala S. T. , Deshpande V. , Mishra N. K. , Solohaga D. , Singh A. , Wydiabhakti T. B. , Rajput S. , Ashish S. , Lopes V. S. , Ghosal D. , Kumar V. , Kumar S.
Published: November 2023

Decline curve analysis (DCA) is a curve fitting procedure used for analyzing declining production rates and forecasting future performance of oil and gas wells. Certain types of standard curves are fit, based on the past production performance which are then extrapolated to predict the future well performance. It is the basic tool for estimating recoverable reserves and can be used when the production history is long enough that a decline trend can be identified.

One of the key technologies used in the process is an automated DCA methodology which can be automatically run on a machine without any human interaction and with minimum errors. The traditional DCA is derived by Arp's equation, where three types of decline curves have been identified: exponential, hyperbolic, and harmonic.

In this research work, authors have developed a python code that apply DCA methods to wells in an unbiased, systematic, and automated manner. This method contrasts with manual DCA, which was the widespread practice of the industry. As industry has entered digital transformation era, it is imperative that digital capabilities be coupled with conventional knowledge of DCA. This can be used as a handy tool to generate type curves for fitting decline curves and to further analyze using business intelligence (BI) tools, for a batch of oil wells under study.
An Intelligent Inversion Method for Complex Fractures Using Ensemble Neural Network
Authors: Sun Shibo , Wang Wendong , Su Yuliang , Deng Yuxuan , Li Haoyu
Published: November 2023

Proper characterization of fractures is critical for evaluating the effectiveness of fracturing jobs and optimizing well performance in unconventional reservoirs, geothermal energy production, and other areas. However, accurately determining the size, shape, and orientation of these fractures solely from microseismic events is challenging due to weak signals and noise. To address this challenge, this study proposes a novel workflow that directly builds accurate fracture models from microseismic events using the DBSCAN clustering algorithm and ensemble neural network. The first step is to filter the noise in microseismic events using the DBSCAN clustering algorithm. Next, a 3D planar equation is employed to construct the fracture plane. Based on the results of this step, reservoir simulations are performed iteratively using an embedded discrete fracture model (EDFM) and proxy. Multiple representation models are obtained to capture calibration uncertainty and enable subsequent studies of long-term well performance, such as history matching for production. Finally, an integrated neural network incorporating the ES-MDA history auto-fitting algorithm is utilized to find the most appropriate fracture model for matching field production data through iterative processes. The developed complex fracture inversion method was implemented on a representative shale gas horizontal well. The results demonstrate that the DBSCAN clustering algorithm effectively reduces noise in microseismic activity and ensures the accuracy of fracture geometry. A large number of different fracture models can be quickly generated by the proxy model to capture calibration uncertainty. An integrated neural network with a history auto-fitting algorithm is utilized to optimize the fracture model and identify the optimal solution. The fracture models constructed using this method exhibit fracture half-lengths and fracture heights that are 20%-40% smaller than those estimated by microseismic monitoring. Furthermore, the high level of historical fit for this horizontal well indicates that the complex fracture model is realistic for the mine site. This study introduces a new approach to building a complex fracture network. By using microseismic data, and implementing an automatic history matching system, this method provides a practical solution. The proposed workflow shows a significant improvement in both the accuracy of fracture network prediction and computational efficiency compared to traditional fracture inversion methods, which are often plagued by high multi-solution, high computational cost, and difficulties with convergence.
Unlocking Unconventional Reservoir Potential in Intrusive Igneous Rock (Tempino Sill) in Jambi Asset, Central Sumatra, Indonesia
Authors: Alfajri Reza , Haribowo Andri , Herusakti Adhi , Rahadian Reza , Sipahutar Herbert , Sihombing Giovanno Leonardo
Published: November 2023

The Tempino Structure is one of the brownfield structures located in South Sumatra Basin, Jambi Sub-Basin, Jambi. It has been producing hydrocarbons since the 1920s, with the main reservoir consisting of multiple reservoir layers from the Air Benakat and Gumai Formations. The reservoir has contributed 900 BOPD of Jambi Field oil production. Although field development is focused on its shallow reservoir, there is also an urgent need to find a new gas source to fuel surrounding structures or major projects in this field. Therefore, there is a plan to develop a deeper reservoir known as intrusive igneous rock, Tempino Sill.

Sill often occurs in an intrusion between older sediment, parallel to the bedding of the surrounding rocks, and may have specific vertical to horizontal dipping orientation. The occurrence of this igneous rock was confirmed by log data from well T-176 in 1976 as the deepest drilling well in Tempino. T-176 open hole log and mud log data show unique lithology of two bodies of sill which indicated as granitic to dioritic rock with weakly calcareous altered material and fracture occurrence. These sill bodies, marked as Sill-1 and Sill-2 reservoir, have gross thicknesses of 50 to 70 meters, respectively, are characterized by high resistivity, and are separated by a 100 meter Gumai shale interval. They have been proven to produce gas at a rate of approximately 6 MMSCFD. Well log and 3D seismic data, albeit with limitations, have been analyzed to evaluate the structure and distribution of the unconventional igneous rock. Furthermore, an analogous model in Eastern Java sill was used to constraint lateral distribution of this reservoir, which resulted in 10 BSCF gas potential in Tempino. Based on these subsurface evaluations, and mechanical problems of well T-176, it is planned to drill a twin well named T-176TW to prove the potential of this sill reservoir.

The execution of Well T-176TW is expected to produce 1.6 MMSCFD plateau gas for seven years. This gas production will play a significant role in the Tempino project. The scope for this project includes drilling seven injectors and four producers, along with developing a water treatment injection plant. The project is prospected to contribute 8 MMSTB incremental oil reserves or 2.85% increase in ultimate recovery factor. Utilizing Well T-176TW gas reduces CAPEX by 59% and boosts the economical position of this project when compared to buying gas from an external source.

Besides having an important role in the Tempino project, the discovery of a new unconventional reservoir in Tempino Sill also opens a new window of opportunity in terms of structure development. This unique characteristic of Tempino Sill could be mirrored in nearby structure to unlock similar potential of unconventional reservoirs in Jambi, Central Sumatra, Indonesia.
Research and Practice on Efficient Development of Chang7 Shale Reservoir in Ordos Basin
Authors: Ma Hong , Yu Huijuan , Dang Yongchao , Liang Xiaowei , Huang Zhanwei , Yang Yunchun , Zhang Yuliang , Dang Chenyue , Wang Chenyang
Published: November 2023

The Ordos basin is the second largest basin in China, which is well known for its "three low" – low perm, low pressure, and low abundance (volume in place per km2). Deposited in deep-water lacustrine environment, Chang7 shale oil formation in Ordos basin has huge resources in place, which is expected to be the most important strategical succession resources in China. Through nearly 10 years of research and practice, Ordos shale oil has achieved scale-effective development and has established several million-ton production demonstration sites. Horizontal well dense-cluster volumetric fracturing, being one of the effective technologies applied in Ordos Chang7 shale oil development, its concept is closely related to fractured horizontal length optimization. During "fracturing-soaking-production" practices, optimal soak-in time, flowback control, and production management system have been established. This paper demonstrates the optimization process and the best practices on these aspects.

The method used to assess the optimal horizontal section is to study the relationship between the length of the horizontal section and the well production as well as the investment of a single horizontal well, which is based on the geological characteristics of the reservoir. The process to evaluate the best soaking period include laboratory seepage-imbibition measurement through NMR technology, the numerical simulation and onsite oil-water displacement process observation of the real production. In addition, a reasonable flowback strategy is established based on production data and problems caused by proppant production. The "flow-saturation pressure ratio", which is the ratio of flowing wellhead pressure of the single well over reservoir saturation pressure, is a key concept applied to optimize flowback rate and production control. During production stage, the production rate per unit horizontal length is optimized by water cut and flow-saturation pressure ratio.
Preliminary Investigation on Impacts of Temperature, Pressure, Viscosity, and Solubility on Expansion of CO2-Based Foamy Bitumen
Authors: Meakh S. , Sugai Y. , Esaki T. , Tambaria T. N.
Published: November 2023

The current thermal recovery processes of bitumen consume tremendous amounts of water and energy and even emit greenhouse gases (GHGs). As a solution, this study proposes a cold bitumen recovery that adapts the CO2 huff-n-puff process combined with horizontal wells and gravity drainage on the premise that CO2 gas is more soluble in bitumen at lower temperatures. This process generates CO2-based foamy bitumen, introduces swelling phenomenon in the huff stage due to CO2 dissolution in the bitumen phase, and provides foam expansion in the puff stage because of CO2 liberation. Due to pressure differences, gravity, and foam expansion, foamy bitumen is drained into the production well. Therefore, the current study aims to evaluate the potential of this method after the impacts of important parameters on the foam expansion such as temperature, pressure, viscosity, and solubility are investigated. The studied conditions are 2, 3, and 4 MPa of CO2 injection pressure under temperatures of 25, 35, 45, and 55 °C. The results from the adapted CO2 huff-n-puff experiment show that the solubility of CO2 in bitumen increases at higher injecting pressures and lower temperatures. The highest expansion factors which are about 9 were obtained at the highest injecting pressure at 25 and 35 °C followed by the expansion from 3 MPa injecting pressure at 45 and 55 °C. The third place is shared by the injecting pressure of 3 MPa at 25 and 35 °C and injecting pressure of 4 MPa at 45 and 55 °C. The lowest expansion factor was obtained at the lowest injecting pressure at the highest temperature. These peculiar results indicate that temperature, pressure, viscosity, and solubility possess unique roles and strongly influence each other in a certain manner that can either benefit or hinder the foam expansion. It also depicts that with a harmonious and optimal combination of all these parameters, a high expansion of CO2-based foamy bitumen is achievable. Besides, the current highest expansion factor of this study proves that this cold production is theoretically capable of driving bitumen out of the pore spaces even without the assistance of gravity drainage or any form of heating.
Successful Deployment of New Innovative Polymer Fluid System for Coalbed Methane Hydraulic Fracturing in Hancheng Area, Shaanxi Province, China - A Case History
Authors: Goh S. H. , Ling K. T. , Niu L. , Then Y. L. , She N. N. , Melice D. T. , Enkababian P. , Bukovac T. , Liu C.
Published: November 2023

Developing coalbed methane (CBM) in China has faced a series of unprecedented technical challenges over the past decade. Apart from the geological constraints of the coal seams that have very low cleat permeabilities, the poor performance of the fracturing fluid system has also been identified as one of the contributing factors leading to subpar gas production rate after well intervention. Innovation in borate crosslinking ability is a critical need for CBM fracturing advancement.

With the objective of enhancing the functionality of guar-based fracturing fluid for this application, a self-buffered liquid hybrid borate-based crosslinker has been developed in the laboratory. Unlike conventional borate crosslinker behaviour, instant crosslinking occurred typically when polymer loading was significantly low. Controllable crosslinking was achieved by impeded dissolution of borate feature, which, in turn, allowed sufficient delay time in polymer crosslinking.

This breakthrough in the ultralow guar (ULG) fracturing fluid system was viable without compromising its viscosity stability. The polymer loading of the crosslinked fluid was further decreased to 11-lbm and the fluid still demonstrated sufficient shear recovery in laboratory rheological testing. In field application, this fluid causes less formation damage and provides better flowback efficiency in the coalbed formation.

The benefit of the ULG system has been validated by several field applications. In all, 8100 m3 of ULG crosslinked fluid has been applied in coal seam hydraulic fracturing across 22 wells, with total of 31 stages, including both horizontal and vertical wells in the Hancheng area, Ordos Basin. A field implementation case history will be discussed in this paper.

The novel crosslinker is capable of overcoming the inadequacy of conventional borate crosslinker used in guar-based fracturing fluid by addressing the performance needs for fracturing CBM wells.
Geology Quality: A Method of Using 3D Geology Model Data for Completion and Fracturing Optimization in Horizontal Wells
Authors: Liu Yuan , Lei Qihong , He Youan , Huang Tianjing , Ma Shuwei , Ma Fujian , Li Haoyan , Luo Yin
Published: November 2023

Engineered completion designs consider reservoir quality (RQ) and completion quality (CQ) for horizontal well completion optimization. This is more effective than the geometric strategy that is sometimes used. However, both RQ and CQ are derived from the wellbore logs, which means the true geology and reservoir properties inside the geology model (e.g., the thickness of the pay zone or the properties of the rocks) are not fully utilized. That information is often hidden inside the 3D geological model grid properties, and the current completion and fracturing practice cannot use 3D data for optimizations.

To address this challenge, we define geology quality (GQ) via 3D models, which aims to support completion and fracturing optimizations with geology considerations quantitatively. GQ is generated by projecting the total effective grid property to the wellbore, so that all the grid in 3D space that is potential for production contribution is cumulated on the nearest wellbore in the form of a 1D wellbore log. This allows GQ to be used in combination with RQ and CQ. While RQ and CQ answer the completion staging design and perforation refinement, GQ is especially useful for the design parameter variations of the hydraulic fracturing.

Recently, the GQ concept was used in a six-well campaign in an Ordos shale oil project. In this case, GQ was generated based on the grid property of the 3D geology model. The fracturing parameters, particularly the volume and rate, were designed in proportion to the GQ level along the wellbore for each well. Chemical tracer was pumped into two wells to measure the contribution along the laterals, which also aimed to verify GQ practice. The production results from the campaign outperform the offset platforms and the tracer results from two wells match GQ calculations.

GQ is an important new element to enrich the current existing geoengineering workflow. Case studies show the definition and application of GQ not just improve the consistency of the job design, execution, and evaluations, but also enhance the productivity of the well. The concept of using the 3D geology model quantitatively in the form of GQ ultimately helps to upgrade the engineered completion to the next level.
Optimizing the Wellbore Trajectory of Directional Wells Considering Wellbore Stability Subjected to the Non-Independence and Uncertainty of Geomechanical Parameters
Authors: Chen Fuzhi , Gao Jiajia , Feng Yutian , Lin Hai , Zhang Binqi , Bian Gengchen , Yang Weidong , Ouyang Hui
Published: November 2023

Effectively analyzing the wellbore stability risk in directional wells plays an important role in the exploration of oil and gas resources in complex deep formations. For the smooth execution of the drilling process, wellbore stability is related to the rock strength characteristics of the formation and the stress state of the rock around the borehole, which in turn is directly affected by the wellbore trajectory inclination and azimuth. The stress state depends on the magnitude of in-situ stresses. However, the uncertainty and non-independence of geomechanical parameters greatly impact the predicting wellbore instability pressure and wellbore stability evaluation. Therefore, this paper effectively combines the Monte Carlo method with the Nataf transformation to sample and simulate the geomechanical parameters and realize the quantitative risk assessment (QRA) of wellbore instability. The parameter sensitivity characteristics of borehole collapse and fracture pressures under different wellbore trajectories and stress states are studied on this basis. The main research shows that the risk assessment results of wellbore instability based on parameter uncertainty indicate that the predicted collapse equivalent density usually increases and the fracture pressure equivalent density decreases where the reliability is greater than 50%, which leads to a significantly narrower safe mud weight window. In addition, the influence of parameter uncertainty on fracture pressure is significantly greater than that on collapse pressure. The correlation coefficient is used to constrain the reservoir geomechanical parameters, which maintains the linear characteristics between the parameters, and then significantly reduces the uncertainty range of wellbore instability pressure. The uncertainty of in-situ stress parameters makes it possible for the formation rock to experience the type of stress state that changes from conventional strike-slip faults to normal faults. However, this possibility of stress state transition obviously affects the selection of wellbore trajectory optimization. The rock mechanics parameters including elastic modulus, Poisson’s ratio, cohesion, internal friction angle, and tensile strength have a weak effect on the collapse pressure and fracture pressure of arbitrarily inclined boreholes. However, the obvious sensitivity of in-situ stresses depends on the change of wellbore trajectory in deviated/horizontal wells. As for the vertical well, the maximum and minimum horizontal in-situ stresses always are the primary sensitivity factors of borehole collapse and fracture pressures, respectively. The methodology shown in this paper provides important guidance for engineering design by calculating the probability of wellbore trajectory optimization.
Ṭāhā ‘Abd al-Raḥmān’s Philosophical Contribution to Theorize Ethical Maqāṣid
Authors: Rohmanu Abid , Rofiah Khusniati
Published: November 2023

The ethical values of maqāṣid have been buried by the ḥarfiyyah-linguistic approach (ta’līlī-bayānī). The ethical paradigm of maqāṣid must be constructed to balance the ta’līlī-bayānī approach. This paper examines the philosophy of Ṭāhā ‘Abd al-Raḥmān in theorizing ethical maqāṣid. This paper focuses on two aspects. First, how does ‘Abd al-Raḥmān theorize the ethical maqāṣid? Second, how does ‘Abd al-Raḥmān conceptualize the relationship between Islamic law and ethics? This article is a literary research referring to some important books of ‘Abd al-Raḥmān. Using a moral philosophy approach, the writer concludes: first, ‘Abd al-Raḥmān’s ethical theorization of maqāṣid is a synthesis between ethics and uṣūl al-fiqh. This synthesis outlines the new pillars of maqāṣid. ‘Abd al-Raḥmān theoretically shifted legal reasoning from al-ta’līl al-sababī (attribute causality) to al-ta’līl al-ghā'i (maṣlaḥah causality). According to him, the only rationalization of Islamic law is maṣlaḥah, that is khuluq (ethics). Based on that premise, ‘Abd al-Raḥmān asserts that moderation is the accommodation of legal and ethical aspects of Islamic law. This paper recommends the importance of a moral philosophy approach to Islamic law. This approach is an effort to ground the maqāṣid in many legal cases loaded with morality.
Wage-based Dowry Legal Paradigm: Perspectives of Muslim Generation Z in Surabaya
Authors: Hadi Mukhammad Nur , Syatta Indy Mafiiqo , Safitri Eka , Sabri Fahruddin Ali , Masum Ahmad
Published: November 2023

This paper traces the perception of Generation Z Muslims in Surabaya about marriage dowry. Data was obtained from questionnaires distributed to them, and finally received 174 respondents. Two things that were tracked were their perception of the Regional Minimum Wage-based dowry quality and quantity standards and their legal paradigm towards the idea of wage-based dowry. This study shows two important things. First, most of them disagree with wage-based dowry in the context of quantity. On the other hand, in the context of quality, they agree that dowry should be of productive value. At this point, they display a unique position because productivity is interpreted dually, wage-based standards and not. Second, they respond to this issue using four paradigms: sociological, normative, anthropological, and juridical. Sociological and juridical paradigms create the value of reciprocal protection, male and female. The normative paradigm establishes the importance of patriarchal protection. While the anthropological paradigm is more binding on the preservation of tradition. Here, it can be seen that the paradigm influence of protection on women in the context of wage-based dowry standards is quite strong, although sometimes women are trapped in a patriarchal paradigm.
Analisis Kualitas Air Saluran Drainase Kawasan Komersial Kecamatan Blimbing Kota Malang Dengan Menggunakan Metode STORET
Authors: Rismiati Wahyu , Riyanto Haribowo
Published: November 2023

IPAL atau Instalasi Pengolahan Air Limbah adalah suatu struktur yang dirancang untuk memproses dan mengelola limbah cair sehingga dapat dibuang ke lingkungan dengan aman. Kawasan komersial merupakan salah satu penyumbang limbah cair pada lingkungan yang dihasilkan dari aktivitasnya, tetapi tidak semua bangunan komersial memiliki sistem pengolahan limbah. Hal ini mengakibatkan limbah yang dihasilkan akan langsung masuk ke dalam saluran drainase tanpa dilakukan pengolahan terlebih dahulu. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kualitas air pada saluran drainase kawasan komersial yang berada di Kecamatan Blimbing Kota Malang. Pengujian sampel air drainase dilakukan secara langsung di lapangan dengan menggunakan alat Horiba tipe U-50. Kemudian hasil dari pengujian tersebut dilanjutkan dengan penentuan status mutu air menggunakan metode STORET melalui parameter TDS (Total Dissolved Solid), suhu, pH, dan DO (Dissolved Oxygen). Penilaian dilakukan dengan baku mutu kelas II, kelas III, dan kelas IV menurut PP Republik Indonesia Nomor 22 Tahun 2021. Pada baku mutu kelas II dan baku mutu kelas III menunjukkan hasil cemar ringan sedangkan pada kelas IV memenuhi baku mutu.
Daya Tampung Beban Pencemaran Nitrat dan Fosfat Sungai Brantas Ruas Sengkaling-Tlogomas, Kota Malang
Authors: Wiratmojo M. Adi , Tri Budi Prayogo  , Emma Yuliani
Published: November 2023

Abstrak: Sungai Brantas mengalir dan melintasi Kota Malang berpotensi mengalami degradasi kualitas air imbas dari transfigurasi tata guna lahan dan eskalasi penduduk di daerah Sub-Urban sepanjang sungai Ruas Sengkaling-Tlogomas, Kota Malang. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Februari-Maret-April tahun 2022 dengan sungai sepanjang ± 4,0 km. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi kondisi eksisting kualitas air Sungai Brantas untuk mengitung beban pencemar, serta daya tampung beban pencemar pada Sungai Brantas dengan Qual2Kw. Parameter pencemar yang diteliti adalah Nitrat dan Fosfat. Kegiatan dan masalah di sekitar Sungai Brantas yang menjadi potensi pencemaran sungai pada bagian hulu adalah pertanian, serta menuju bagian hilir adalah domestik warga. Hasil dari penelitian ini kadar nitrat berkisar  antara 3,24-3,56 mg/l (tidak melampaui baku mutu kelas II). Demikian, sementara itu kadar fosfat berkisar antara 10,2-11.94 mg/l (melampaui baku mutu kelas II). Daya Tampung Beban Pencemar Nitrat 7,481 kg/hari dan Fosfat 1,359 kg/hari. Disimpulkan bahwa sungai masih mampu menampung beban pencemar harian Nitrat dan Fosfat.

 

Abstract: The Brantas River flows and crosses Malang City which has the potential to experience water quality degradation as a result of land use transfiguration and population escalation in Sub-Urban areas along the Sengkaling-Tlogomas River Section, Malang City. The research was conducted in February-March-April 2022 with a ± 4.0 km long river. This study aims to identify the existing condition of the water quality of the Brantas River to calculate the pollutant load, as well as the carrying capacity of the pollutant load on the Brantas River with Qual2Kw. The pollutant parameters studied were Nitrate and Phosphate. Activities and problems around the Brantas River that are potential for river pollution in the upstream part are agriculture, and towards the downstream are domestic residents. The results of this study ranged from 3.24-3.56 mg/l of nitrate (not exceed quality standards class II). While the phosphate levels ranged from 10.2-11.94 mg/l (over quality standards class II). The carrying capacity of the Nitrate Contaminant Load is 7.481 kg/day and Phosphate is 1.359 kg/day. It was concluded that the river is still able to accommodate the daily pollutant load of Nitrate and Phosphate
Applications of Clinical Decision Support Systems in Diabetes Care: Scoping Review
Authors: Huang Shan , Liang Yuzhen , Li Jiarui , Li Xuejun
Published: November 2023

Background

Providing comprehensive and individualized diabetes care remains a significant challenge in the face of the increasing complexity of diabetes management and a lack of specialized endocrinologists to support diabetes care. Clinical decision support systems (CDSSs) are progressively being used to improve diabetes care, while many health care providers lack awareness and knowledge about CDSSs in diabetes care. A comprehensive analysis of the applications of CDSSs in diabetes care is still lacking.

Objective

This review aimed to summarize the research landscape, clinical applications, and impact on both patients and physicians of CDSSs in diabetes care.

Methods

We conducted a scoping review following the Arksey and O’Malley framework. A search was conducted in 7 electronic databases to identify the clinical applications of CDSSs in diabetes care up to June 30, 2022. Additional searches were conducted for conference abstracts from the period of 2021-2022. Two researchers independently performed the screening and data charting processes.

Results

Of 11,569 retrieved studies, 85 (0.7%) were included for analysis. Research interest is growing in this field, with 45 (53%) of the 85 studies published in the past 5 years. Among the 58 (68%) out of 85 studies disclosing the underlying decision-making mechanism, most CDSSs (44/58, 76%) were knowledge based, while the number of non-knowledge-based systems has been increasing in recent years. Among the 81 (95%) out of 85 studies disclosing application scenarios, the majority of CDSSs were used for treatment recommendation (63/81, 78%). Among the 39 (46%) out of 85 studies disclosing physician user types, primary care physicians (20/39, 51%) were the most common, followed by endocrinologists (15/39, 39%) and nonendocrinology specialists (8/39, 21%). CDSSs significantly improved patients’ blood glucose, blood pressure, and lipid profiles in 71% (45/63), 67% (12/18), and 38% (8/21) of the studies, respectively, with no increase in the risk of hypoglycemia.

Conclusions

CDSSs are both effective and safe in improving diabetes care, implying that they could be a potentially reliable assistant in diabetes care, especially for physicians with limited experience and patients with limited access to medical resources.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

RR2-10.37766/inplasy2022.9.0061
Appeal of editor-in-chief
Authors: Authors No
Published: November 2023

No abstract
Donor heart preconditioning during orthotopic transplantation
Authors: Loskutov O.А. , Goncharenko M.М. , Goncharenko M.V.
Published: November 2023

Background. To date, there are about 500 patients in the heart transplant waiting list in Ukraine. The study included 20 donors for orthotopic heart transplantation. Their average age was 32.3 years. The study evaluated the preparation of the donor heart in terms of its protection against ischemia-reperfusion injury during transplantation and the effect of donor heart preconditioning in a recipient after orthotopic heart transplantation. Тhe purpose was to evaluate the effectiveness of donor heart preconditioning for increasing myocardial resistance to ischemia-reperfusion injury and its preparation for orthotopic transplantation. Materials and methods. The work is based on the results of 20 donors who were diagnosed with brain death and authorized for the use of transplantation of human anatomical materials. Then changes in the main biochemical parameters (lactate, troponin, acid-base balance, creatinine clearance, blood glucose) and the functional state of systemic hemodynamics (blood pressure, heart rate, central venous pressure, ejection fraction, cardiac index) were analyzed at the time of donor heart explantation. Results. It was found that in 100 % of donors, norepinephrine was used for inotropic support, in 40 % — dobutamine and in 25 % — dopamine. Lactate levels were higher than normal in 75 % of cases and troponin levels were increased in all donors, indicating a possible microcirculatory dysfunction that led to a deterioration in donor preconditioning and enhanced ischemia-reperfusion injury to the transplant. According to the correlation coefficient between time and cardiac index, there was a tendency to the deterioration in the donor’s condition depending on the time of making a decision about heart transplantation before heart explantation. Conclusions. The study showed that in 100 % of donors, norepinephrine was used for inotropic support — more often than dobutamine or dopamine. Lactate levels were higher than normal in 75 % of donors and troponin levels were increased in all donors, indicating a possible microcirculatory dysfunction that led to a deterioration in donor preconditioning and increased ischemia-reperfusion injury to the transplant. According to the correlation coefficient between time indicators and cardiac index, it is noted that the longer the time of authorization for orthotopic heart transplantation, the greater the deterioration in the donor’s condition, which is expressed in a decreased myocardial contractility. Based on the correlation coefficient between time indicators and troponin, it was concluded that the growth of troponin complexes was observed with an increase in the time of making a decision for obtaining permission to transplant human anatomical materials, which indicated the onset of ischemic changes in the myocardium.
Вплив сигнальної системи CD40-CD40L на інтенсивність болю в дітей після операцій на передній черевній стінці при використанні різних методик знеболювання
Authors: Semkovych Ya.V.
Published: November 2023

Актуальність. В експериментальних дослідженнях на моделях пошкодження периферичних нервів показано, що сигнальна система CD40-CD40L відіграє важливу роль у розвитку нейропатичного болю. Регіонарна анестезія в педіатричній практиці є одним з найбільш цінних і безпечних засобів для лікування періопераційного болю, а також важливою частиною сучасної анестезіологічної практики. Мета: оцінити динаміку вмісту ліганду CD40L у сироватці крові та його можливий зв’язок з інтенсивністю болю в дітей на тлі загального знеболювання та його комбінації з різними видами регіонарної анестезії після операцій на передній черевній стінці. Матеріали та методи. У дослідженні взяли участь 87 дітей віком 7–18 років, яким проводилось оперативне втручання на передній черевній стінці із різними варіантами анестезіологічного знеболювання. Усі пацієнти були розподілені на 3 групи: І (n = 33) — загальнe знеболювання з використанням морфіну; ІІ (n = 27) — загальне знеболювання із застосуванням регіонарного блоку поперечної фасції живота (РБПФЖ); ІІІ (n = 27) — загальне знеболювання з використанням РБПФЖ в поєднанні з блокадою квадратного м’яза попереку (КМП-4) однією ін’єкцією. Результати. Установлено, що в дітей I групи через дві години після оперативного втручання вміст CD40L в сироватці крові становив 4283 пг/мл, з незначною тенденцією до зниження на момент виписки (U-критерій Манна — Уїтні = 52,5; р = 0,593). Пацієнти II групи через 2 год після операції мали вірогідно менший середній рівень CD40L в сироватці крові — на 25,3 % (U = 10,0; р = 0,002) порівняно з дітьми I групи. Через добу після операції середній сироватковий уміст CD40L був меншим на 15,1 % (U = 26,0; р = 0,20) порівняно з таким станом на 2 год, а також статистично вірогідно меншим на 33,3 % (U = 10,0; р = 0,003) відносно показника при використанні лише загального опіоїдного знеболювання в той же термін дослідження. На момент виписки середній рівень CD40L у сироватці крові був вірогідно меншим — на 54,4 % (U = 7,0; р = 0,003) відносно попереднього терміну дослідження в цій групі, а також на 68,5 % (U = 3,0; р = 0,000) порівняно з відповідним показником у групі загального знеболювання. У III групі дітей середній сироватковий рівень CD40L в усі терміни після операції був вірогідно меншим — у 4–7,6 раза (U = 0,0; р = 0,000) порівняно з відповідними показниками дітей II групи. Найменший рівень CD40L в сироватці крові реєструвався на момент виписки — 133 пг/мл. Висновки. Установлено, що показники сигнальної системи CD40L мають тенденцію до зростання при оперативних втручаннях на передній черевній стінці в дітей. Інтенсивність післяопераційного болю має тісний прямий зв’язок із рівнем CD40L у сироватці крові. За умов використання комбінованого блоку  РБПФЖ + КМП-4 відмічаються найнижчі сироваткові рівні CD40L, що асоціюється з найменшою інтенсивністю післяопераційного болю.
INTERACTIONS OF ORTHOSIPHON STAMINEUS COMPOUNDS AGAINST COX-2 AS AN ANTI-INFLAMMATORY USING IN SILICO METHODS AND TOXICITY PREDICTION
Authors: MUCHTARIDI  , DARMAWAN MICHELLE , ELIZABETH MARIA , NURZANAH DELA , MARGARETHA PRISKILA , ELAINE ANGELA ALYSIA , NELI  , PUSPITADEWI NURHANIFAH , SETYAWATI LUTHFI UTAMI , KHAIRUL IKRAM NUR KUSAIRA
Published: November 2023

Objective: Orthosiphon stamineus, or cat's whiskers, are known to have several pharmacological activities, one of which is anti-inflammatory. An in silico study was conducted to determine the active compound with anti-inflammatory activity from Orthosiphon stamineus leaves while also assessing their toxicity.
Methods: AutoDock 4 was used to perform molecular docking, while LigandScout 4.4.3 Advanced was used to screen pharmacophores. The Swiss ADME and PreAdmet websites were used to screen the prediction of Lipinski’s rules of 5 and toxicity.
Results: In this in silico study on the COX-2 enzyme (PDB ID: 3ln1) with a RMSD validation value of 1.00 Å, Tetramethyl Luteolin emerged as the most promising candidate, exhibiting the lowest binding energy of-9.90 kcal/mol and a KI value of 55.80 nM, indicating favorable interactions within the active site. The compound also satisfied the Lipinski Rules and demonstrated favorable absorption and distribution characteristics, with HIA at 98.440681% and CaCO2 permeability at 53.1689 nm/sec, along with a small BBB value of 0.0154021 and quite good %PPB of 87.388706. Furthermore, Tetramethyl Luteolin obtained a pharmacophore fit score of 32.42, indicating possession of key structural features essential for desired biological activity.
Conclusion: The flavonoid-derived compounds in cat's whisker leaf extract show promise as potential anti-inflammatory drug candidates, with Tetramethyl luteolin emerging as the best candidate among nine compounds, meeting Lipinski rules and exhibiting superior ADMET properties. These results highlight the potential of Tetramethyl Luteolin as a lead compound, necessitating additional research into its intended target or biological function.
CHARACTERIZATION AND SCREENING PARAMETERS OF SPRAY FILM-FORMING SYSTEMS: A COMPREHENSIVE STUDY ON DOSAGE FORMS AND QUALITY INDICATORS
Authors: M. M. SHUMKOVA , E. O. BAKHRUSHINA , M. A. DAVYDOVA , G. POUYA , M. M. AGABALYAN , A. TIMOSHKINA ALEKSANDRA , E. V. NOVOZHILOVA , N. B. DEMINA , I. I. KRASNYUK
Published: November 2023

Objective: The objective of this study is to present the main screening parameters for the development of Spray Film-Forming Systems (SFFSs) using the design space. The focus is on characterizing the different phase states of SFFSs during application and establishing appropriate methods for determining the range of parameters.
Methods: In this study, various methods were used to determine the range of SFFS parameters. These include contact angle determination, pH test, viscosity measurement, drying rate estimation, spray pattern determination, tensile strength test, and washability. The methods used were evaluated and found to be effective in assessing the quality parameters of liquid concentrates, aerosols, and films of commercially available SFFS samples.
Results: Three states (liquid, aerosol, and solid) of commercially available SPSFs were evaluated using the techniques mentioned above. The applicability of the techniques and variability was discussed in comparison with similar studies. The results showed that the mean pH ranged from 5.43±0.02 to 6.63±0.05, the bioadhesion of liquid concentrates was in a narrow range of 4.49±0.52, the highest index of dynamic viscosity was 0.33±0.04, values of the spray pattern ranged from 6.19±1.97 to 17.46±2.72 cm2, bioadhesion values of the films ranged from 3.87 to 4.06 N, average values of film formation time were in the range of 65.55±12.65) s. 3 of the 4 samples had resistance to skin cracking, the tensile load of the commercial SFFS films varied from 2.91±0.3 to 5.11±0.65 N, and the tensile strength from 1.07±0.11 to 1.20±0.3 mPa. All films were not washed off with water.
Conclusion: The findings of this study demonstrate the successful application of tested methods in determining the range of parameters for SFFSs. The established values for indicators of liquid concentrates can serve as a basis for the further development of SFFSs. Overall, this research contributes to the understanding and standardization of Spray Film-Forming Systems for wounds, enabling their effective development and application in local skin treatments.
DESIGN OF EXPERIMENTS AND OPTIMIZATION OF AMORPHOUS SOLID DISPERSION OF A BCS CLASS IV ANTI-PLATELET DRUG THROUGH FACTORIAL DESIGN
Authors: PANDA RAMAKANT , LANKALAPALLI SRINIVAS
Published: November 2023

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate and optimize the amorphous solid dispersion of a low-soluble BCS Class IV anti-platelet drug using factorial design in line with the Quality by Design (QbD) principle.
Methods: Ticagrelor, a low-soluble anti-platelet agent, was used as the model drug for the current study. A solid dispersion technique was explored to improve the dissolution of ticagrelor. The extent of amorphization of ticagrelor with the solid dispersion approach was evaluated with powder X-Ray diffraction (p-XRD) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The principle of factorial design (FD) was adopted to optimize the formulation of ticagrelor solid dispersion. Design Expert® 13 (Stat-Ease Inc., Minneapolis, MN, USA) was explored for the Design of experiments (DoE) and Statistical evaluation. The experiments were designed with three factors at two levels (a 23-factor design) and two responses. The significance of the model was evaluated by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and fit statistics. Various statistical parameters such as sequential p-values, lack of fit, squared correlation coefficient (R2), adjusted R2, and adequate precision were considered in fit statistics.
Results: The crystalline ticagrelor has completely amorphized, as indicated by the powder x-ray diffraction (p-XRD) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) of the solid dispersion of ticagrelor prepared with copovidone VA 64 and vitamin E TPGS through solvent evaporation technique. An increase in ticagrelor dissolution by 10.7 fold was possible through solid dispersion technology. The lack of fit F-values of 0.11 and 0.00 in the factorial model for response dissolution at 10 min and disintegration time, respectively, are indicative of a good fit. The ANOVA and the fit statistics for the selected factorial model were found to be significant.
Conclusion: A solid dispersion technique with carrier copovidone VA 64 and vitamin E TPGS could enhance the dissolution of ticagrelor significantly, to an extent of 10.7 fold. Factorial design is an important tool in optimizing the amorphous solid dispersion of ticagrelor and establishing the design space.
BIOAVAILABILITY ENHANCEMENT STRATEGIES FOR RIVAROXABAN: A NOTEWORTHY REVIEW
Authors: AL-SHOUBKI ADAM A. , H. TEAIMA MAHMOUD , ABDELMONEM REHAB , EL-NABARAWI MOHAMED A. , ELHABAL SAMMAR FATHY
Published: November 2023

This review article discusses Rivaroxaban (RXB), an anticoagulant that has gained much attention due to its ability to prevent blood clots from forming in the body. However, one of the major challenges pharmaceutical companies face is the low water solubility of RXB, which can lead to difficulties in formulating the drug for oral administration and affect the drug's bioavailability. However, to the best of our knowledge, limited studies have explored enhancing the bioavailability of the RXB. Most of these studies have been purely academic and impractical for industrial use. Therefore, this review article aims to discuss successful studies that have increased the bioavailability of RXB. The goal is to inspire researchers to develop this new drug further. The article covers seven strategies for enhancing the bioavailability of RXB, including microspheres, liposomes, self-nano emulsifying drug delivery system, solid lipid nanoparticles, cocrystals, sustained release, and solid dispersion. The studies discussed in this review offer valuable insights into developing novel drug delivery systems that can help overcome the limitations of existing drugs.
IRINOTECAN-REVIEW OF ANALYTICAL METHODS DEVELOPED FOR PHARMACEUTICAL DOSAGE FORMS AND BIOLOGICAL FLUIDS
Authors: SWAIN HRUTA SUNDAR , VERMA RUCHI , KUMAR LALIT
Published: November 2023

Irinotecan (IRI) is utilised as a first line anticancer medication in the cure of cancer having extraordinary ability to block DNA-topoisomerase-I. It is used as a monotherapy and adjunct therapy in the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer and other cancers, and it differs chemically and pharmacologically from other anticancer medications. The proposed review is divided into two main sections i.e. a) Different analytical methods for estimating irinotecan in pharmaceutical formulations, b) Diverse analytical methods for detecting irinotecan in biological matrices. This work also considers the development of numerous analytical methods based on various parameters, as well as the validation of the methods used. Estimated validation characteristics such as Linearity, Limit of Detection (LOD), and Limit of Quantitation (LOQ) are considered for each. Applying bioanalytical methods, the wavelength of detection, mobile phase, columns, flow rate, retention duration, and sample preparation processes are all evaluated as essential quality variables for estimating Irinotecan.
EVALUATION OF THE POTENTIAL CYTOTOXICITY OF RUTHENIUM COMPLEX II AGAINST U-373 GLIOBLASTOMA CELLS
Authors: J. SAADH MOHAMED , AL-WAHISH MOHAMMED A.
Published: November 2023

Objective: The potential of ruthenium complexes as anticancer agents has gained significant attention in the scientific community. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of dithiocyanato-N-bis[8(diphenylphosphino)quinoline]ruthenium (II), [Ru(N-P)2(NCS)2] on the glioblastoma U-373 tumor cells and apoptosis.
Methods: Ru(N-P)2(NCS)2] was synthesized and characterized using FTIR, and X-ray crystallography. The cytotoxic effects of [Ru(N-P)2(NCS)2] on glioblastoma U-373 tumor cells were evaluated using both the trypan blue assay and the activity of caspase-3 to detect apoptosis. A DPPH scavenging assay was used to evaluate the antioxidant activity.
Results: The [Ru(N-P)2(NCS)2] complex effectively inhibited the glioblastoma U-373 tumor cells with an IC50 of ~ 23 µg/ml. Similar to the majority of chemotherapeutic agents that kill via the intrinsic pathway, [Ru(N-P)2(NCS)2] induces apoptosis, which was confirmed by the activation of caspase-3, and these effects were dose-dependent. Ruthenium has antioxidant properties, so ruthenium Complex II exhibits lower toxicity towards normal cells while effectively targeting and eliminating cancer cells.
Conclusion: [Ru(N-P)2(NCS)2] is considered promising for researchers investigating putative biological activities, particularly antitumor and immune-related activity.