bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A transcriptomic approach to uncovering the molecular mechanisms of maize nodal root growth maintenance during drought stress in the field
Authors:   , King Shannon
Published: December 2022

Drought is the most important factor limiting crop production across the globe. Therefore, understanding how plants adapt and survive drought conditions is critical for improving food production with lower water input. One such survival mechanism is the maintenance of root elongation, even in very dry environments. In maize, the nodal root system comprises the majority of the root length of the mature plant and is therefore critical for sustaining water uptake. The shoot-borne nodal roots have the ability to maintain growth at low water potentials that inhibit growth of other plant organs. Despite the vital nature of this response to drought survival, the physiological and molecular mechanisms underlying this ability are poorly understood and are the focus of this work. To understand this phenomenon, we are utilizing transcriptomics to explore changes of the maize nodal root growth zone under irrigated and water-limited conditions in two inbred lines, FR697 and B73. These lines have contrasting abilities to maintain nodal root growth under water stress. We are characterizing these changes in the field utilizing a rainout shelter for precise control of drought imposition. This approach allows for the determination of the molecular and physiological changes during "real world" drought conditions. We have identified potential gene candidates involved in nodal root growth maintenance from data collected during two field seasons. In the FR697-specific transcript list we found an enrichment of cell wall modifying proteins, sugar and water transporters. We could speculate these transcript candidates could be assisting in the enhanced nodal root growth observed for this genotype. In the B73-specific transcript list, we found ROS metabolism being heavily enriched, which could play a role in cell production and the inhibition of root growth observed for B73 during water stress. When we compared the transcripts that are enriched in both genotypes, we found ABA to be a strong player during water stress. In all, after the careful design and execution of this experiment, we highlighted many avenues for exploration into the molecular mechanisms of nodal root growth maintenance during drought in the field.
Deep learning with very few and no labels
Authors:   , Li Yang
Published: December 2022

Deep neural networks have achieved remarkable performance in many computer vision applications such as image classification, object detection, instance segmentation, image retrieval, and person re-identification. However, to achieve the desired performance, deep neural networks often need a tremendously large set of labeled training samples to learn its huge network model. Labeling a large dataset is labor-intensive, time-consuming, and sometimes requiring expert knowledge. In this research, we study the following important question: how to train deep neural networks with very few or even no labeled samples? This leads to our research tasks in the following two major areas: semi-supervised and unsupervised learning. Specifically, for semi-supervised learning, we developed two major approaches. The first one is the Snowball approach which learns a deep neural network from very few samples based on iterative model evolution and confident sample discovery. The second one is the learned model composition approach which composes more efficient master networks from student models of past iterations through a network learning process. Critical sample discovery is developed to discover new critical unlabeled samples near the model decision boundary and provide the master model with lookahead access to these samples to enhance its guidance capability. For unsupervised learning, we have explored two major ideas. The first idea is transformed attention consistency where the network is learned based on selfsupervision information across images instead of within one single image. The second one is spatial assembly networks for image representation learning. We introduce a new learnable module, called spatial assembly network (SAN), which performs a learned re-organization and assembly of feature points and improves the network capabilities in handling spatial variations and structural changes of the image scene. Our experimental results on benchmark datasets demonstrate that our proposed methods have significantly improved the state-of-the-art in semi-supervised and unsupervised learning, outperforming existing methods by large margins.
Enhancing efficacy, performance, and applicability of additive food manufacturing
Authors:   , Tekin-Pulatsu Ezgi
Published: December 2022

The advent of three-dimensional (3D) printers has led to many industrial innovations by providing alternatives to conventional manufacturing in various disciplines, including food science and engineering. As an emerging digital fabrication technique, 3D printing relies on computer-aided design and a set of commands for physical production in a layer-by-layer fashion. AM technology has attracted much attention in the food industry due to advantages such as on-demand production, personalization in nutrition, better food textures, printing complex and appealing structures without using molds or fixtures. More recently, with the advances in engineering and digital technologies, four-dimensional (4D) printing has emerged, which is defined as property changes (e.g., shape morphing, color change) of a 3D-printed product after exposure to a stimulus (e.g., pH change, water, heat). Successful adoption of this novel AM technology needs substantial work in selecting appropriate materials, creating geometrical designs, and improving the stability of 3D printed products after processing. The applications of 3D and 4D printing using edible materials should consider the complexity of food systems and the availability of appropriate materials to enable desirable functions of foods. This study focused on using AM technology to create food products that are structurally stable, suitable for post-processing, and anisotropically-actuated via extrusion-based 3D printers. Cookie dough, a popular food containing multiple ingredients, was selected as a model system to investigate the effects of food components, pre-heating, different geometrical properties, and the baking conditions on the printability of food ink. A novel 3D printing methodology was established to create structurally stable cookies by modifying the dough recipe without using gums or stabilizers. The results indicate that the reduction of sugar is an effective way to develop structurally stable cookies by 3D printing. On the other hand, pre-heating improves the printing performance and shape stability of the cookie dough systems by yielding a dense network and affecting conformational changes. The baking conditions and geometrical properties affected the quality of 3D-printed shapes, such as layer cracking due to high-temperature cooking. In addition, this study explored the osmotically driven and anisotropically actuated 4D printing concepts using edible composite films and elucidated two different mechanisms of 4D printing: shape-changing and color-transforming. Edible composites containing ethyl cellulose and gelatin were formed and submerged into water, resulting in osmotically driven structural changes of the composites. The results demonstrate that mismatching in the swelling behaviors of film components and geometrical properties of designed shapes are critical to controlling the shape-morphing behaviors of the composite structures. This study proves the great potential of 3D and 4D printing in the food industry.
An evaluation of an Electronic Medical Record (EMR) based system to characterize and correlate physician burnout and EMR use
Authors:   , Wilkinson Katie Lynn
Published: December 2022

Burnout disproportionately affects healthcare workers and continues to rise, contributing to cost, quality, and patient safety risk in an already overburdened United States healthcare system. While the causes of burnout are complex, evidence suggests that Electronic Medical Record use (EMR) is one major contributor due to the increased clerical burden that decreases patient contact time and disrupts the provider clinical workflow. The challenge of improving the physician EMR experience is exacerbated both by variability across venues and specialty. Targeted training and optimization efforts are generally deployed one-time at a clinic or specialty level but are challenging to deploy longitudinally and in surveillance mode due to the cost and effort of administering traditional survey instruments. To address this challenge, we deployed a single-item burnout measure (SIBM) at the University of Missouri Healthcare, an academic medical center (AMC), to test the feasibility and reliability of capturing longitudinal physician self-reported burnout through the EMR. We further evaluated the utility of the proposed EMR event logging data to discriminate presumed differences in workflow between venues (inpatient, outpatient, and emergency department) and specialty groups (primary care, surgical, non-surgical medical, and emergency) and then correlated the EMR data with the burnout data to demonstrate how this EMR-based longitudinal platform can be used to understand how varying EMR use correlated to burnout.
Reading young adult fiction and the world to find racial civic litearcy in a social studies methods class
Authors:   , Williamson Jason
Published: December 2022

This dissertation sought to explore the way preservice teachers grappled with race/ism and citizenship during a social studies methods class. Relying on the theoretical framework of racial civic literacy, this instrumental case study examines six white preservice teachers as they confront issues of race/ism in a young adult fiction novel and grapple with how they will address this in their future classroom. Findings indicate that although all six participants had the vocabulary to discuss race/ism through the lens of citizenship, the inclusion of young adult fiction did not create enough of a meaningful connection to substantially change the cohort's views on the connection between race/ism, citizenship, and teaching. The dissertation offers several implications from the possibility of racial civic literacy as an alternative framework to explore the way white preservice teachers learn to read the racialized civic experiences of their students and the use of young adult fiction to deepen white preservice teachers understanding of racialized civic experiences. Chapter 1 introduces the context and problem that will be addressed throughout the dissertation. Chapter 2 features a detailed exploration of the theoretical framework of racial civic literacy and the pertinent literature about preservice teachers' beliefs and ideas about race/ism, citizenship, and teaching. Chapter 3 offers a discussion of the methods and methodology of the study and the researchers positionality. Chapter 4 presents the findings for the way the six white preservice teachers construct race/ism and citizenship relating to teaching. Finally, chapter 5 addresses a cross-case analysis of the findings, and discusses implications for researchers and teacher educators.
Communication at the end-of-life among advanced cancer patients in Ghana: what patients have to say
Authors:   , Yevu Johnson Justina Serwaa
Published: December 2022

Individuals with life-limiting illnesses require information and good communication throughout their illness. Effective end-of-life communication (EOLC) improves patients' understanding of their condition, care, and treatment choices, and facilitates informed involvement in decision making at the end-of-life. Studies on patients' experiences with end-of-life (EOL) care and communication in low- and middle-income countries, such as Ghana, are lacking. The objective of this descriptive phenomenological study was to describe the Ghanaian advanced cancer patients' experiences when interacting with the palliative care team about end-of-life care and decisions. Thirteen advanced cancer patients were purposively interviewed. Data was analyzed using a modified version of Colaizzi's method for qualitative data analysis. Nine major themes emerged from the analysis: Breaking of bad news, reaction to cancer diagnosis, fears and worries, managing physical symptoms, EOL discussions, economic burden of cancer diagnosis, culture of optimism, preparing for EOL, and attitude towards death. The lack of EOL communication affected participants QOL. Financial burden of cancer diagnosis was a significant problem for participants, because they could not work and there was no social safety net available in the system for them to use. Lack of available, accessible, and affordable healthcare led to the use of herbal medicine as first line of treatment Culture and religion profoundly impacted the EOL discussions, and there was no culturally appropriate EOL communication guidelines. Findings from this study has provided information for HCPs to use as a guide to design strategies to use when interacting with advanced patients at the EOL to enhance quality of life.
Komitmen Terhadap Profesi Ditinjau dari Efikasi Diri dan Quality of Work Life (Studi Pada Dosen Pendidikan Ekonomi Universitas Pamulang)
Authors: Anwar Saiful
Published: December 2022

Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui upaya yang bisa dilakukan dalam meningkatkan komitmen profesi dosen melalui efikasi diri dan kualitas hehidupan kerja. penelitian ini dilakukan pada dosen Pendidikan Ekonomi FKIP Universitas Pamulang dengan menggunakan menggunakan analisis SITOREM. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data diketahui bahwa komitmen profesi bisa ditingkatkan melalui penguatan efikasi diri & kualitas kehidupan kerja (Quality of Work life). Dan berdasarkan analisis SITOREM Berdasarkan hasil analisis SITOREM, dimensi yang perlu ditingkatkan adalah 1) dimensi magnitude yang terdiri dari indikator performance exposure (nilai loading factor 0,803) dan self instructed performance (nilai loading factor 0,870); 2) dimensi strength yang terdiri dari indikator attribution (nilai loading factor 0,944) dan relaxation biofeedback (nilai loading factor 0,934). Oleh karena itu dengan meningkatnya indikator-indikator tersebut akan berpengaruh terhadap peningkatan komitmen dosen sedangkan variabel kualitas kehidupan kerja, dimensi yang perlu ditingkatkan adalah 1) dimensi job design (nilai loading factor 0,902) yang terdiri dari indikator kewenangan bekerja mandiri, kebebasan menggunakan pengetahuan dan pengetahuan baru dan kebebasan menyelesaikan tugas secara mandiri; 2) dimensi work balance (nilai loading factor 0,934) yang terdiri dari indikator keseimbangan waktu, kehidupan professional mendukung kehidupan pribadi dan kehidupan pribadi mendukung kehidupan professional; 3) dimensi Health, stress dan safety (nilai loading factor 0,940) yang terdiri dari indikator kesehatan, stress dan keamanan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian disarankan dekan dan ketua program studi untuk segera merumuskan ulang kebijakan SDM performance exposure, self instructed performance, attribution dan relaxation biofeedback melalui kegiatan outbond, retraining dan workshop dan mempertahankan kebijakan-kebijakan terkait dengan  job design, work balance dan  health, stress dan Safety.
Influence of Product Quality and Service Quality on Purchasing Decisions with Brand Image as an Intervening Variable in International Fast Food Franchise
Authors: Suryaningtyas Meydiana - , Winarto Winarto - , Subandi Subandi -
Published: December 2022

This study aims to analyze the influence of product quality and service quality on purchase decision with brand image as intervening variable of fast food franchisee international. There were 100 respondents selected conveniently.  The data collection methods was using questionnaires.  This research uses path analyze with two-stage multiple regression as the analysis method.  Multiple linear regression found that product quality, service quality has a direct effect on purchase decision. Product quality has an indirect effect on purchase decision through brand image. Service quality has an indirect effect on purchase decision through brand image
Effect of Capital Expenditure and Return on Assets on Capital Gains of Consumer Non-Cyclicals Companies Listed on the Indonesia Stock E
Authors: Saraswati Sukma Carrie , Zaenuddin Achmad - , Khakim Luqman -
Published: December 2022

This study aims to determine the influance of Capital Expenditure and Return on Assets on the Capital Gain of non-cyclical consumer sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2015-2019 period. This study uses a quantitative approach, the population is a non-cyclical consumer sector listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange before 2015, as many as 59 company. The sampling was carry out purposively and 35 companies were obtained as samples. Data analysis techniques include descriptive statistical analysis, classical assumption test, multiple linear analysis, hypothesis testing (t test), and analysis of the coefficient of determination. Data processing was carried out using SPSS version 25. The results of this study indicate that the capital expenditure variable has no effect on capital gains. Meanwhile, the return on assets variable has an effect on capital gains
PERBANDINGAN KARAKTERISTIK PADA CAMPURAN BETON DENGAN PENAMBAHAN VARIASI UKURAN LIMBAH STYROFOAM
Authors: Riza Inkha Tasyana , Destania Henggar Risa , Baniva Ratih
Published: December 2022

Mixing concrete with styrofoam waste could help reduce waste in Indonesia. Aside from reducing theexisting waste, this study also aims to determine the characteristics of concrete against Styrofoam wastesubstitution and the optimum value obtained from the results of its concrete testing. The methodologyused is an experiment that is a research method to determine specific effects. This study uses two sizevariations of Styrofoam waste, small size (2 – 4.75mm) and large (4.75mm – 20mm), using the additionalpercentage of 0%, 15%, 25%, and 35%. As for the testing objects, we are using 42 testing objects with atest age of 7 days and 28 days. From the results of 28 days age test, normal concrete has a split tensilestrength value of 1.91 Mpa concrete with the addition of small size styrofoam waste has rougher surfaceproperties than ordinary concrete and has a split tensile strength value with a percentage of 15%, 25%,35% of 2.07 MPa, 1.54 MPa and 1.70 MPa and the optimum value was obtained at the percentage of15% at 2.07 MPa. Concrete with the addition of large size variations has concrete properties thatproduce voids in the concrete that are larger and result in a lighter weight than normal concrete. Thesplit tensile strength values of concrete with percentages of 15%, 25% and 35% are 1.86 MPa, 1.80 MPa,and 1.43 MPa. The optimum value obtained on this large-size styrofoam occurred at a percentage of 15%at 1.86 MPa.
IDENTIFIKASI DAN ANALISIS KERUSAKAN JALAN PADA RUAS JALAN SIARAN SAKO KOTA PALEMBANG
Authors: Al Faritzie Hariman , Firda Ani , Aprilyanti Selvia
Published: December 2022

The improvement of business, industry and the economy fields, has made community activitiesincreasingly high. One of the important roads that have become business districts is Jalan Siaran Sako,Palembang City with a road length of ± 1,250 m and a road width of ± 7 m. The road is one of the mainroads of industrial and business centers that are often passed by the community. Due to the large numberof activities carried out, the road that is flanked by the market has been badly damaged. Assessment tofind out the type and level of road pavement damage is searched using the Pavement Condition Index(PCI) method and a visual scale assessment of road performance on road damage that occurs in thesearch field is using the Surface Distress Index (SDI) method. Based on the evaluation and calculationsobtained by the PCI method, it shows that the pavement condition index has a Perfect score of 48%,Good at 4%, Very Good at 4%, Moderate at 16%, Bad at 4%, Very Bad at 4%, and Fail by 20%. Basedon the results of the SDI analysis in segments 1,2,4,5 and 25 of 225 in Severely Damaged, in segments8,13, 16,17,21 and 22 of 75 in Moderate condition, in segments 3 and 23 of 85 in Moderate condition, insegments 7 and 24 of 10 are in good condition and in segments 6,9, 10,11,12, 14,15,18,19 and 20 there isno damage in good condition.
A Case Report of Lumbosacral Lipomyelomeningocele with Tethered Cord Syndrome
Authors: Deepak Mewara  , Rajveer Singh  , Vartika Jain  , Ajay Kumar  , Abhishek Kr. Gupta
Published: December 2022

The objective is to describe a rare case of lumbosacral lipomyelomeningocele with Tethered Cord Syndrome. Tethered cord syndrome is a neurological disorder caused by tissue attachments that limit the movement of spinal cord within the spinal column. A 7 years old girl child presented with lumbosacral swelling with non healing ulcer on foot and with weakness of lower limbs since childhood. MRI scan of lumbosacral spine suggest spinal dysraphism in L3-L5 vertebrae with lipomeningomyelocele from L2 to S2 levels with tethered low lying cord .The patient underwent  surgical procedure. The majority cases of tethered cord syndrome are related to spinal dysraphism.Children with spinal dysraphism, especially those with lipomyelomeningocele, who may be associated with TCS, which may be asymptomatic at an early stage, require intensive follow-up care and observation.

Keyword: Spinal dysraphism, neurological disorder, TCS, lipomeningomyelocele.
The physical culture and sport as perceived by the youth in Russia
Authors: Fomicheva T. V. , Kryukova E. M.
Published: December 2022

The purpose of study was to determine attitude of the youth of the Russian Federation to physical culture and sports. The sociological research methodology was applied using both focused on-line interviews with representatives of the Russian youth as well as secondary analysis of statistical and sociological data sources of information related to the study.The study established main trends and prospects in developing physical culture and sports primarily in regions of Russia. The features of development of regional physical culture and sports in Russia, specificity of perception of physical culture and sports by young groups of Russians in regions of Russia are detected. The motivational aspects of attitudes to physical culture and sports of young Russians were singled out. The attitude to social stereotypes associated with sports was determined. The study results can be applied to innovate training courses on sociology of physical culture and sports. The conclusions of the project can be used in developing youth policy; elaboration of new programs optimizing development of physical culture and sports in Russia.
The comprehensive rehabilitation and abilitation of the disabled: the examples of evaluation of regional system
Authors: Vladimirova O. N. , Shoshmin A. V. , Aliev A. K. , Sevastianov M. A. , Puzin S. N. , Achkasov E. E. , Khodakovskii M. D.
Published: December 2022

In the Russian Federation, comprehensive rehabilitation and abilitation of the disabled is actively developing effected by the UN Convention on the Rights of the Disabled. In 2018-2019, the quantitative indicators of comprehensive rehabilitation and abilitation were studied in 85 regions of Russia. In 36 regions (42/4%) formation of system of comprehensive rehabilitation and abilitation was necessary. The remaining 49 regions required improving their systems of comprehensive rehabilitation and abilitation (57.6%, respectively). The study results demonstrated that significant increase in rehabilitation organizations (from 12.0% in 2018 to 100.0% in 2021) to be included in regional system of comprehensive rehabilitation and abilitation is expected. In the Republic of Dagestan, the final rating of comprehensive rehabilitation and abilitation system was from 6.5 to 7.6 points that indicates the need to organize and to improve comprehensive rehabilitation and abilitation system in the region. The experience of the Sverdlovsk Oblast and the Perm Krai where pilot project on comprehensive rehabilitation and abilitation system was carried out proved that one of the effective mechanisms of organizing comprehensive rehabilitation and abilitation system is development of state regional program by the authorities with involvement of all interested players and public organizations.
The suicidal activity and comorbid mental pathology in persons with gender dystrophia
Authors: Kremenitskaya S. A. , Solovieva N. V. , Makarova E. V. , Kizeev M. V. , Vasilieva T. P.
Published: December 2022

According to foreign publications, 58% of patients with gender disorders had additional psychiatric diagnosis, 39.3% had at least one suicide attempt. The data of suicidal activity and mental comorbidity in Russian population of transgenders are absent.Purpose of the study is to assess suicidal activity and mental comorbidity in persons with gender disorders.The retrospective analysis of records of patients applied with complains on gender disorders from January 2014 to April 2021 was applied. The demographic characteristics, life anamnesis, comorbid mental pathology at time of appliance, frequency of suicidal attempts, suicidal thoughts and auto-aggressive behavior were examined. The data of 926 patients with gender disorders were included: FtM 515 (55.7%), MtF 411 (44.3%). The median age of patients applied for care appliance was 24 years (13-65 years). In group of transgender patients 75.2% had no mental illness, except gender disorders. At that, there was high prevalence of comorbid mental pathology (24.8% on average). Usually, it was background mental illnesses and reversible mental disorders, which were not causes of gender disorders. The suicide rate in transgender group was 12.5%. For 1 patient with suicidal experience, there were 1.3 suicidal attempts (from 1 to 5). The significant dependence of increased suicidal activity, depression, auto-aggressive behavior and rate of comorbid mental pathology on age of debut of gender disorders was established. The transgender patients with debut of gender dysphoria in puberty age are most vulnerable to development of any mental pathology. The suicidal activity of patients with gender disorders depends on both social causes and presence of comorbid mental pathology. A number of modifiable risk factors for suicidal behavior were identified: support of relatives, external correspondence to associated gender, early steps to “change gender”, earlier apply for medical care, background compensated mental illnesses.
The essential changes of demographic processes in the Vologda Oblast
Authors: Vankov D. V. , Ivanova M. A. , Socolovskaya T. A.
Published: December 2022

The demographic situation is one of markers of well-being of society. The purpose of the study was to establish main trends in demographic process in the Vologda Oblast. The Rosstat data on the Vologda Oblast for 2008-2019 were analyzed using analytical, parametric and non-parametric statistics, descriptive statistics and prognostic estimate, calculation of intensive and extensive indicators. It is demonstrated that demographic situation in the Vologda Oblast is characterized by decreasing of fertility coefficient (-20.0%) and increasing of negative natural growth of population. In rural areas, at low fertility, high mortality of population is registered and its related mostly to suicides. The relationship of random drowning with suicides and murders (R = +0.66 and R = +0.78, respectively), random alcohol poisoning with suicides (R = +0.57) and suicides with murders (R = +0.76) is established. The strong feedback between murder and random alcohol poisoning was revealed too.
The health control of employees in digitization conditions
Authors: Gurtskoy L. D. , Zudin A. B. , Vvedenskiy A. I.
Published: December 2022

The article considers issues of health management of employees at workplace in conditions of globalization and digitalization of society, causing need to revise the labor relations. Under impact of global trends in field of digital technologies, transformation occurs concerning working environment and labor safety measures, contributing to development of new forms of interaction between employee and employer and employment models as well. The ongoing changes in society and global changes in labor market require to investigate new labor conditions, formation of system of knowledge about directions and perspectives for development of labor relations and human resources management. Nowadays, because of spreading of COVID-19 morbidity, increased attention is paid to health of employees and measures targeted to preventing morbidity are intensified. The need to work in new conditions dictates topical issues for scientific research in coming years: development of theory of new labor economy, investigation changes in paradigm of quality of labor life, well-being at workplace in conditions of digitalization of economy and formation of new employment model, digital generation of workers and new challenges in human resources management.The purpose of the study is to explore issues of health management of employees at workplace in conditions of globalization and digitalization. The implemented study permitted to conclude that problems of socio-psychological nature occurring in labor sphere in conditions of active transition to digital economy are complicated by increasing instability of labor relations and occurrence of new social economic and psychological risks at workplace that negatively effect on health and well-being of employees.
The confidence limits of self-education of medical workers in matters of competences to provide quality and safety
Authors: Ivanov I. V. , Andoverova A. G. , Berseneva E. A. , Zinovyeva E. V.
Published: December 2022

The article considers possible risks according analysis of comprehension by workers of necessary competencies ensuring quality and safety of medical activities at performing their duties as well as assessment of factors affecting completeness of choice. It is proposed to apply corporate training as component targeted to improving quality and safety of medical activities by addressed training of necessary competencies within the framework of continuous medical education, supplementing existing self-education.
The analysis of human resources of medical workers by profile “Stomatology” providing out-patient medical care to population of megalopolis within the framework of mandatory medical insurance
Authors: Dukhovskaya A. A. , Egorova L. V. , Ostrovskaya Yu. A. , Rubtsova O. G.
Published: December 2022

The statistical report for 2017-2020 demonstrated that in outpatient conditions of multidisciplinary dental clinic providing services under compulsory medical insurance of population of megalopolis, there is increase in the number of physicians of the analyzed profile up to 304.5% and paramedical personnel up to 256.3% at the expense of young personnel. The direct relationship between increasing of the number of top- and middle-level dentists and quality of medical care provided within the framework of compulsory medical insurance was established.
The problems of professional burning-out in medical workers
Authors: Kaitukova Z. H.
Published: December 2022

The article considers problems of professional burnout of medical workers. On the basis of survey of students of secondary and higher educational institutions, their positions regarding risks of professional burnout in future professional activities were determined. The study demonstrated that it is necessary to include into educational process of training physicians and specialists of secondary and junior medical personnel discipline focused on development of appropriate professional competencies to prevent risk of professional burnout and to reduce stress and psychological overload.
The Renaissance of Russian pharmaceutical market (2000-2004). Report I. The field players
Authors: Zatravkin S. N. , Vishlenkova E. A. , Ignatiev V. G.
Published: December 2022

The article (third one out of author's cycle of historical studies of medicinal provision and pharmaceutical business) considers period of economic renaissance of Russian pharmaceutical market during the first five years of Third Millennium. The market conditions are analyzed according data of Russian analytical agencies, materials of medical periodicals and memories of participants. The article is composed of three reports. The first report demonstrates changes in composition of essential players on market field that occurred after 1998 default.
The first steps of the Zemstvo sanitary inspector N. A. Semashko in fight with epidemics in the Novouzensk Uyezd of the Samara Guberniya
Authors: Sirotko M. L. , Suslin S. A. , Ginnyatulina R. I. , Abolyan L. V.
Published: December 2022

The personality of N. A. Semashko presents incontestable interest as health care official and ideologist of the Soviet health care system who contributed significantly into development of health care. Great number of studies are devoted to analysis of activities of N. A. Semashko in the Soviet period holding position of the First People's Commissar of health care of the RSFSR, initiator and head of the chair of Social hygiene of the Medical Faculty of the First Moscow State University. The studies related to pre-revolutionary period of life of N. A. Semashko are presented in less degree. The article describes, on the basis of publications and archive sources (documents from the Central State Archive of the Samara Oblast, the foundations of the Russian State Library and also the family archive of E. G. Farobina, grand-daughter of N. A. Semashko) the period of life and and activity of N. A. Semashko in the Samara Gubernia after graduating the medical faculty of the Imperial Kazan University. In 1901-1902, after short training in bacteriological laboratory of the Samara Gubernia Zemstvo Hospital and appointment to the post of sanitary and epidemiological doctor of the Zemstvo, N. A. Semashko was directly involved in elimination of epidemics of diphtheria in Orlov Guy village and of anthrax in Alexandria village of the Novouzensky Uezd. The dangerous epidemics were eliminated owing to outstanding medical knowledge, courage and organizational skills of young doctor.
Educación formal indígena en el ámbito de la Educación Profesional y Tecnológica (EPT)
Authors: Pereira Jamilli Santos Martins , Oliveira Cleber Macedo de , Fecury Amanda Alves , Dendasck Carla Viana , Dias Claudio Alberto Gellis de Mattos
Published: December 2022

La educación puede significar el vínculo entre los no indígenas y los indígenas. La Ley 12.711/2012 trata sobre la obligación de reserva de plazas en las universidades e institutos federales, combinando la asistencia a la escuela pública con la renta y la etnia. La construcción de cursos de formación profesional integrados a la educación escolar indígena debe considerar los impasses, así como las potencialidades, en la relación entre los saberes y prácticas indígenas y los saberes técnico-científicos, así como la posibilidad de que los pueblos indígenas efectivamente se inscriban su propia perspectiva. El objetivo de este trabajo es discutir la educación formal indígena en el ámbito de la Educación Profesional y Tecnológica (EPT)[6]. Para eso, se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica en portugués en bases de datos. La educación parece ser el camino para la integración de los indígenas y su formación en beneficio propio y de la comunidad. La política de cuotas o acciones afirmativas es un intento de reducir la distancia social a la hora de acceder a las vacantes en educación, incluidas las técnicas. La existencia de centros de estudios afrobrasileños e indígenas parece contribuir, aunque tímidamente, a la investigación y divulgación de las identidades y relaciones étnico-raciales, con el objetivo de reducir la distancia socioeducativa y las diferencias al interior de las instituciones. A pesar de la preparación, aunque en construcción, de instituciones para atender a un público diverso como el indígena, su acceso aún se considera pequeño.
Anormalidades na condução cardíaca pós procedimento de implante de válvula aórtica transcateter
Authors: Veloso Thamires Mendes , Favaro Eduarda , Tozatto Gabriel Soares , Cipriano Luana Payer , Barcellos Murilo Rocha , Toledo Saimon Grifo , Silva Saulo Chagas da , Veloso Brenda Mendes
Published: December 2022

O implante transcateter de válvula aórtica (ITVA) é considerado um procedimento cirúrgico minimamente invasivo, sendo uma opção terapêutica para pacientes portadores de estenose aórtica, principalmente, indivíduos que apresentam intermediário e alto risco para a realização da cirurgia convencional de substituição de valva aórtica. A ITVA evidenciou superioridade quanto a segurança em comparação a cirurgia de peito aberto, essencialmente, nos pacientes com idade avançada e com comorbidades associadas. Todavia, o procedimento em questão é comumente relacionado com o desenvolvimento de anormalidades na condução cardíaca. Dessa forma, a atual pesquisa apresenta como questionamento: quais são as principais anormalidades na condução cardíaca pós procedimento de implante de válvula aórtica transcateter e o seus respectivos manejos terapêuticos associados? Esta pesquisa trata-se de uma revisão de literatura do tipo integrativa de caráter qualitativo. Assim, foram selecionados 20 artigos, os quais foram analisados de forma criteriosa, para compor esta revisão. Referente aos resultados, o presente estudo evidenciou grande incidência de bloqueio atrioventricular de alto grau e bloqueio de ramo esquerdo e bloqueio de ramo direito pós ITVA. Referente ao manejo clínico, medidas profiláticas como a detecção precoce de distúrbios arrítmicos prévios e monitoramento pelo eletrocardiograma demonstraram ser úteis e essenciais. Outrossim, a realização da tomografia computadorizada com multidetectores da raiz da aorta permitiu a minimização do superdimensionamento da prótese valvar e, consequentemente, a redução da ocorrência das desordens elétricas de origem cardíaca. Além disso, conforme o aspecto da alteração da via de condução cardíaca, o paciente pode apresentar indicação para implantação de marca-passo permanente pós ITVA. Dessa forma, conclui-se que é de suma importância a avaliação do paciente pré procedimento de ITVA, analisando essencialmente os fatores risco associados ao desenvolvimento de anormalidades na via de condução cardíaca a fim de potencializar o cuidado terapêutico e seus benefícios e, por fim, evitando complicações e desfechos desfavoráveis aos pacientes.
The Effect of Colour Overlays on Reading Achievement among the Children with Irlen Syndrome
Authors: Nasaruddin Nurul Hanim Binti , Abdul Hakim Noor Syuhada Binti
Published: December 2022

This study was carried out to determine the effectiveness of colour overlays among children with behavioural disorder who are experienced Irlen Syndrome symptoms. 20 subjects aged between 7 to 12 years old from Special Need's Class at Sekolah Kebangsaan Dato Haji Musa, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia involved in this study. A quasi-experimental design of pre and post-test was conducted to compare the findings between the application of blue colour overlays and without colour overlays in term of reading score and reading time. The findings through the paired samples t-test analysis found the significant differences for reading score, t (19) = 3.923, p = 0.001 and reading time t (19) = 4.081, p = 0.001. The findings indicated that there is a significant improvement in term of reading score and reading time as shown in dyslexia children, followed by ADHD and other learning disabilities with the symptoms of Irlen Syndrome while using blue colour overlays. This study had disclosed that blue colour overlays can help to increased reading comfort in children who having a behavioural disorder and experienced the symptoms of Irlen Syndrome.
Blastocystis sp. Subtypes Colonisation and their Association with Clinical Diseases: A Systematic Review
Authors: Shaari Nurul Saadah Mohd , Abdullah Noradilah Samseh , Lee Ii Li , Omar Rahman , Wan Sulaiman Wan Shahida , Mohamad Nor Nadeeya'ayn Umaisara
Published: December 2022

Blastocystis sp. has been considered as an opportunistic intestinal parasite particularly in immunocompromised patient. Recent findings of the predominance of Blastocystis subtypes infection in the clinical disease with its interaction with gut microbiota in the hosts will be discussed accordingly. A total of 57 eligible studies, published from 2010 to October 2020 from a broad search in electronic databases were accessed. The studies showed that bloating, abdominal pain and diarrhoea were among the common symptoms in Blastocystis sp. infection in the immunocompromised patients. However, asymptomatic and healthy individuals were also infected by the Blastocystis sp. with higher prevalence among healthy individuals. Specifically, Blastocystis sp. ST3 were most frequently discovered among immunocompromised patients (IBS, cancer, transplant, HIV/AIDS, dengue) followed by ST1 and ST2. Despite most studies suggesting that Blastocystis sp. promote a healthy gut, a few studies had suggested otherwise. Blastocystis sp. colonisation may modify the gut microbiota with the reduction of beneficial bacteria phyla such as Firmicutes and Bacteroides. Although there was a positive association between Blastocystis sp. subtypes and clinical diseases, more studies are needed. To understand the pathogenicity of Blastocystis sp., their interactions with the gut microbiota communities in humans are properly discussed.
MALNUTRISI BALITA DAN PENYEBABNYA PADA ETNIS NIAS, ETNIS SASAK DAN ETNIS ABUN
Authors: Puspasari Herti Windya
Published: December 2022

Indonesia  adalah  bangsa  yang  memiliki  keanekaragaman  budaya  dengan latar belakang dari etnis, suku dan tata kehidupan sosial yang berbeda dalam hal penyajian makanan, pola asuh, sanitasi lingkungan, kebersihan diri dan perilaku lainnya yang dapat menimbulkan masalah gizi. Tujuan penulisan artikel ini adalah untuk menggambarkan kondisi malnutrisi balita dan penyebabnya pada etnis Nias, etnis Sasak dan etnis Abun.  Artikel dibuat berdasarkan analisis lanjut dan kajian literatur dari buku seri riset etnografi Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Humaniora dan Manajemen Kesehatan, Badan Litbang Kesehatan. Kasus gizi kurang dan gizi buruk akibat malnutrisi masih terjadi di beberapa etnis Indonesia yaitu etnis Sasak, etnis Nias dan etnis Abun. Penyebab langsung berkaitan dengan asupan makanan dan penyakit infeksi yang diderita. Sedangkan penyebab tidak langsung adalah pengasuhan yang tidak maksimal dari orang tua, sanitasi lingkungan dan kebersihan diri yang buruk, pengetahuan ibu yang rendah, pernikahan dini dan tradisi banyak anak. Sebagian besar merupakan penyebab tidak langsung. Hal ini berkaitan dengan perilaku yang menjadi bagian dari budaya. Oleh karena itu diperlukan intervensi dengan pendekatan budaya setempat dan mengoptimalkan peran tokoh masyarakat dan tokoh agama.
ANALISIS PELAKSANAAN EDUKASI PRANIKAH TERKAIT KESEHATAN REPRODUKSI PADA PASANGAN CALON PENGANTIN MUSLIM (LITERATURE REVIEW)
Authors: Hasanah Winny Kirana , Pratomo Hadi , Latipatul Ashor Fitri , Mulyana Ela , Jumhati Siti , Maya Lova Shelly
Published: December 2022

Bimbingan pranikah adalah pemberian bekal pengetahuan, pemahaman, keterampilan dan penumbuhan kesadaran kepada calon pasangan pengantin tentang kehidupan berkeluarga. Pemahaman terkait kesehatan reproduksi harus disampaikan agar calon pengantin mampu mempersiapkan kesehatan fisik dalam menghadapi kehamilan, persalinan, nifas dan penyakit terkait reproduksi. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menganalisis pelaksanaan edukasi pranikah terkait kesehatan reproduksi pada pasangan calon pengantin Muslim. Artikel ditulis menggunakan metode narrative literature review, yang merupakan sintesis dari beberapa hasil studi yang telah dipublikasi selama periode 10 tahun terakhir. Sumber informasi artikel berdasarkan pencarian pada Google Scholar, PubMed, Wiley Online. Hasil studi menemukan sebanyak 10 artikel jurnal terdiri dari 3 artikel dalam Bahasa Inggris dan 7 artikel Bahasa Indonesia yang membahas konseling atau pendidikan pranikah pada calon pasangan pengantin Muslim. Bimbingan pranikah sudah dilaksanakan sesuai dengan pedoman yang diberikan, namun materi terkait topik kesehatan reproduksi masih belum disampaikan secara maksimal karena belum menyeluruhnya pengadaan narasumber yang berwenang menyampaikan materi kesehatan reproduksi. Selain itu, durasi penyampaian bimbingan pranikah juga masih kurang dari 24 jam pelajaran. Untuk itu, diharapkan ada kerjasama antara Kementerian Agama, KUA, dan Kementerian Kesehatan agar seluruh calon pengantin Muslim bisa mendapatkan akses edukasi kesehatan reproduksi yang efektif dan komprehensif sehingga dapat seimbang antara materi dari perspektif agama dan kesehatan reproduksi.

Kata kunci : Bimbingan pranikah, konseling pranikah, kesehatan reproduksi, perspektif Muslim
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KEPATUHAN MASYARAKAT TERHADAP PROTOKOL KESEHATAN PADA PELAKSANAAN POSYANDU DI ERA COVID 19 WILAYAH PUSKESMAS NANGGUNG TAHUN 2020
Authors: Amalia Fuuzirahmah Dea , Khodijah Parinduri Siti , Angie Nauli Humaira
Published: December 2022

Latar Belakang: Covid-19 adalah penyakit yang disebabkan oleh coronavirus. Indonesia melaporkan kasus covid-19 pada tanggal 22 Juli 2021 terkonfirmasi  3.033.339 kasus, 2.393.923 orang sembuh 79.032 orang dinyatakan meninggal dunia akibat covid-19. Berdasarkan survey masyarakat Bogor terhadap protokol kesehatan bahwa masyarakat bogor masih banyak yang belum membiasakan diri untuk mematuhi protokol kesehatan (memakai masker, mencuci tangan, dan menjaga jarak). Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan instrument penelitian berupa kuesioner dan desain penelitian cross- sectional dengan metode analisis univariat dan bivariat. Populasi 3.340 ibu di Posyandu wilayah Puskesmas Nanggung, jumlah sampel yang diteliti sebanyak 106 ibu. Hasil: Hasil Univariat menunjukkan bahwa sebesar 51,9% responden yang patuh. Berdasarkan hasil Analisis bivariat menggunakan chi-square didapatkan hubungan yang signifikan dengan kepatuhan protokol kesehatan yaitu variabel pengetahuan (p-value 0,000), ketersediaan fasilitas (p-value 0,000), sikap (p-value 0,003), sedangkan variabel yang tidak memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan kepatuhan protokol kesehatan yaitu pekerjaan (p-value 0,466), umur (p-value 1,000), pendidikan (p-value 0,553), dan dukungan tokoh masyarakat (p-value 0.173). Saran: Melakukan kerja sama antara bidan desa dan kader posyandu untuk menyediakan fasilitas penerapan protokol kesehatan dan melakukan penyuluhan serta pengawasan protokol kesehatan di Posyandu wilayah Puskesmas Nanggung.