bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Longitudinal Factor Structure of the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale among Incident Cases of Schizophrenia Attending a Nigerian Hospital
Authors: Onu JU , Ohaeri JU
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:

Schizophrenia, from its early conceptualization, has been described in distinct clinical subtypes. However, these categories were found not to be stable phenotypes over time, hence the dimensional option, whereas at cross-sectional level, the dimensions of psychopathology have been replicated across studies; there is dearth of data on the longitudinal stability of the factor structure of the symptoms of schizophrenia in African populations.

Aim:

This study examined the longitudinal stability of the factor structure of the 18-item Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) across intervals of 16-week naturalistic treatment follow-up.

Patients and Methods:

Consecutive incident cases that fulfilled the criteria for schizophrenia were recruited into the study. After a baseline assessment, 160 incident cases of schizophrenia were followed up 4 weekly for indicators of symptomatic outcome for 16 weeks. The Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) assessments were conducted in clinical interviews and with the Scale for Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS). Five BPRS assessments were made across the monthly intervals of follow-up. Exploratory factor analyses (EFA) using maximum likelihood extraction and varimax rotation with Kaiser normalization was used to extract the factors.

Results:

A four-factor structure was found at baseline, namely negative, positive, depressive/anxiety, and manic symptom dimensions. From week 4, the manic and anxiety/depression dimensions remained invariant over time, while negative and positive symptoms merged into a psychosis dimension that was invariant.

Conclusion:

The persistence of the mood dimensions supports the DSM-5 recommendation to include these dimensions in the assessment of schizophrenia psychopathology. The longitudinal emergence and invariance of the psychosis factor echo the idea of unitary psychosis and, along with the prominence of mood dimensions over time, reflect recent molecular genetic findings about the sharing of genes by schizophrenia and mood disorders.
Influence of Different Finishing-Polishing Procedures and Thermocycle Aging on the Surface Roughness of Nano-Ceramic Hybrid CAD/CAM Material
Authors: Ozer NE , Oguz EI
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT

Aim:

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of different finishing-polishing (FP) procedures on reducing surface roughness of nanoceramic hybrid CAD/CAM material before and after thermocycle (TMC) aging.

Materials and Methods:

Nano-ceramic hybrid CAD/CAM specimens were subjected to 8 different (2-glaze and 6-mechanical) FP procedures as follows (n=20): 1. Optiglaze (OG) 2. Diamond glaze (DG), 3. Vita Enamic Polishing Set (VE), 4. VE+Gradia Diapolisher paste (VE-G) 5. VE+Super-Snap SuperBuff (VE-S) 6. Sof-Lex Disc kit (SL) 7. SL+Gradia Diapolisher paste (SLG) 8. SL+Super-Snap SuperBuff (SL-S). Surface roughness of each specimen was measured by using a contact profilometer. All specimens were artificially aged with TMC (5000 cycles, 5◦C/55◦C) and surface roughness measurements were repeated. One extra specimen from each group before and after TMC was examined with SEM. Surface roughness data were analyzed by repeated measures ANOVA, dependent t-test and Tukey test.

Results:

Significantly higher mean Ra values were found for groups OG and DG compared to other groups (P<0.05). Differences between glaze groups and differences between mechanical FP groups were not significant (P>0.05). Groups SL-S and DG demonstrated comparable results before and after TMC (P>0.05). SEM analysis revealed that surfaces of VE-S and SL-S groups were smooth and free of scratches.

Conclusions:

Mechanical FP procedures were more effective in reducing surface roughness of nanoceramic hybrid CAD/CAM material than glaze applications. Sof-Lex kit followed by Super-Snap SuperBuff disc application can be recommended as the mechanical FP procedure of choice considering that this method provided smooth surfaces that were maintained after TMC.
Determination of Quality of Life and Related Factors in Overweight Women Living in Rural Areas
Authors: Hisar KM , Yamaç SU , Hisar F
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:

Obesity is more common among women living in rural areas of Türkiye and being overweight affects the quality of life of women.

Aim:

Through this study, we aimed to determine the quality of life and related factors of overweight women living in rural areas.

Materials and Methods:

This is a descriptive correlational study. The data were collected using the Personal Information Form and the Scale of Quality-of-Life Overweight Women (SMQLOW) between April and June 2020. The study sample comprised women with a body mass index (BMI) of 25 and above.

Results:

The study included 201 women, 41.8% of the participants were in the 36–51 age group and 50.2% had a BMI between 30 and 49.2 (obese). It was determined that the quality of life of women was at a moderate level. The difference between the total SMQLOW score with respect to age, educational status, economic status, occupation of the spouse, general health status, and BMI were found to be statistically significant (P < 0.05). We examined the correlation of some variables with the total scale score of overweight women. A significant positive and weak correlation was found between weight and the SMQLOW total score (r = 0.390, P = 0.001). There was a positively weak and highly significant, correlation between waist circumference and SMQLOW total score (r = 0.277, P < 0.001).

Conclusion:

Preventing obesity may improve the quality of life among rural women in the study Population.
Diagnostic Performance using Obesity and Lipid-Related Indices and Atherogenic Index of Plasma to Predict Metabolic Syndrome in the Adult Sudanese Population
Authors: Mosad AS , Elfadil GA , Elhassan SH , Elbashir ZA , Husain NEOSA , Karar T , Elfaki EM
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT

Aim:

Simple and accurate clinical indicators to detect metabolic abnormalities might be helpful for early management and lowering the risk of future consequences like cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Background:

The visceral adiposity index (VAI), lipid accumulation product (LAP), and atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) have been proposed as reliable, straightforward clinical markers and indications of metabolic syndrome (MetS). This study aimed to see how well these obesity and lipid-related indicators will predict MetS in adult Sudanese patients.

Subjects and Methods:

This community hospital-based case-control study included 420 middle-aged people (154 men and 266 women). Anthropometric measurements, weight (kilogram), height (meters), and waist circumference (WC) were evaluated, and the body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) were calculated. Fasting blood samples were collected for glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and lipid profile assessment. VAI, LAP, and AIP were calculated.

Results:

Significantly higher means of BMI, WC, WHtR, HbA1c, triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglycerides/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) ratio, LAP, VAI, AIP, and significantly decrease in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were seen among MetS when compared with non-MetS group. LAP had a significant proportion with BMI, WC, WHtR, TG, TG/HDL-C, VAI, and AIP, and it is inversely related to HDL-C in the MetS group. On ROC analysis, LAP had the largest operating characteristic curves (AUC) for both gender 0.970 (0.948–0.993) for men and 0.964 (0.945–0.982) for women, followed by WC, and VAI, while BMI showed the lowest AUCs for men and women. In multiple regression analyses, AIP values increased significantly with LDL-C, DBP, HbA1c, LAP, and VAI.

Conclusion:

The LAP was considerably higher in middle-aged people with MetS in both gender and was considered the best diagnostic performance.
Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Serbest Zaman Yönetimi ile Teknoloji Bağımlılık Düzeylerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: AKAY Buğra , AYHAN Recep , ORHAN Rüstem , ÖÇALAN Mehmet
Published: June 2023

Araştırmanın amacı, üniversite öğrencilerinin serbest zaman yönetimi ile teknoloji bağımlılıkları arasındaki ilişkiyi bazı demografik değişkenler açısından incelemektir. Araştırma ilişkisel tarama modeline göre yürütülmüştür. Araştırmanın örneklemi uygun örnekleme yöntemi ile seçilen 335 üniversite öğrencisinden oluşmaktadır. Araştırma Kırıkkale Üniversitesi Spor Bilimleri Fakültesinde yürütülmüştür. Veriler SPSS 26.0 paket programı ile analiz edilmiş ve verilerin çözümlenmesinde Cronbach Alpha iç tutarlık analizi, T-Testi, ANOVA ve Pearson Korelasyon analizleri uygulanmıştır. Öğrencilerin cinsiyet değişkeni ile Serbest Zaman Yönetim Ölçeği (SZYÖ) ve alt boyutları arasında anlamlı farklılık tespit edilmezken; erkek öğrencilerin Teknoloji Bağımlılığı Ölçeği (TBÖ) puan ortalamaları, kız öğrencilerden anlamlı düzeyde yüksek bulunmuştur. Katılımcıların okudukları bölüm ile SZYÖ ve alt boyutlarında anlamlı farklılık tespit edilmezken, antrenörlük bölümü öğrencilerinin TBÖ puan ortalamaları diğer bölüm öğrencilerinden düşük olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Katılımcıların günlük teknolojik ürün kullanımı ile SZYÖ ölçeği incelendiğinde Teknolojik ürün kullanma süresi fazla olan öğrencilerin serbest zaman yönetim düzeyleri, az olanlara göre anlamlı düzeyde düşük çıkmıştır. Öğrencilerin teknoloji kullanma süresi ile TBÖ ve tüm alt boyutları arasında anlamlı farklılık bulunmuştur. Öğrencilerin teknoloji kullanma süresi arttıkça teknoloji bağımlılıklarının da arttığı tespit edilmiştir. Üniversite öğrencilerin serbest zaman yönetimi ile teknoloji bağımlılığı arasında negatif yönlü anlamlı ilişki bulunmuştur. Sonuç olarak öğrencilerin serbest zaman yönetim becerilerinin artması, teknoloji bağımlılıklarını azalttığını ifade edebiliriz.
Efektivitas dan Efisiensi Biaya Pendidikan Selama Masa Pandemi Covid – 19 Pada SMA Di Kabupaten Mandailing Natal
Authors: Lubis Sulhan Hamid H , Daryanto Eka , Sinaga Osbert
Published: June 2023

The existence of the covid 19 pandemic forced the government to issue an online learning policy. This will certainly have a significant impact on the utilization and allocation of education costs that have been budgeted and outlined in the School Work Plan both on RKAS sourced from BOS funds and Education Development Contribution funds sourced from parents of students. This study aims to see firsthand the utilization of education funds during the Covid 19 period whether it has been effective and efficient. This study uses descriptive qualitative methods. Data obtained from 24 principals bendaraha at high school in Mandailing Natal district in 2021 by spreading the questionnaire through Google format and interviews. It found that schools were not fully prepared to utilize funds effectively and efficiently. It is also inseparable from the uncertainty until when online learning ends because of the changing information (depending on the status of each region based on the level of emergency) about limited face-to-face learning schedules and new life adaptations. But allocating the cost of education in each school meets the 8 National Standards of Education even though the allocation of each SNP is uneven because of differentneeds. The transfer of financing from RKAS that has been prepared at the beginning of the year due to changes in the learning system and changes in BOS juknis. The transfer of extracurricular activities, the doubling of exam questions is eliminated and diverted to maintenance and replacement activities, the purchase of medical devices and materials such as thermoguns, handsanitizers, masks and disinfectants. Financing during the Covid-19 pandemic in general experienced significant changes in allocating rather than in the amount of funds spent.  In normal times there are scouting, extracurricular sports and student council activities diverted into maintenance and reimbursement funds. The cost of subscriptions and services such as electricity has decreased but new costs such as data plans for teachers and education personnel have fallen. The cost of developing educators and education personnel has also increased due to the development of competencies followed by teachers online.
Pengaruh Hipnoterapi dalam Penatalaksanaan Scaling pada Anak Autis
Authors: Sartika Dewi , Supriyana Supriyana , Wiyatini Tri , Djamil Masrifan , Eko Ningtyas Endah Aryati
Published: June 2023

Menurut WHO di indonesia terdapat 7-10% anak berkebutuhan khusus. Anak berkebutuhan khusus memiliki tingkat kesehatan dan kebersihan gigi dan mulut yang lebih rendah dibandingkan anak mormal. Berdasarkan survei di Velezuelan dan sebuah penelitian di Malaysia anak autis memiliki calculus dengan kriteria buruk. Autisme ialah salah satu gangguan kompleks perkembangan anak. Anak autis memiliki masalah dengan perilakunya salah satunya adalah hiperaktif atau hiperaktivitas. Hipnoterapi ialah metode pengobatan dan penyembuhan yang biasa dikenal dengan hipnosis. Hipnosis merupakan salah satu terapi yang diharapkan dapat menurunkan tingkat hiperaktivitas dan kerjasama pada anak autis.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan pengaruh Hipnoterapi Dalam Penatalaksanaan Scaling Pada Anak Autis terhadap peningkatan sikap kooperatif anak dan penurunan calculus index pada anak autis. Penelitian ini merupakan quasy experiment pre and post-test design (Non equivalent Control Group)..Responden berjumlah 20 anak yang dibagi dalam 2 kelompok.  Data hasil uji model dianalisis menggunakan uji statistik paired t test, dan independent t test. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian adanya pengaruh hipnoterapi terhadap peningkatan sikap kooperatif anak autis yaitu dengan (P= 0,000), dan penurunan calculus index dengan (P= 0,000). Serta ditunjukan nilai delta sikap kooperatif anak (10,100) yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol dan calculus index (1,166) yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan kelompok kontrol. Adanya pengaruh Hipnoterapi dalam penatalaksanaan scaling pada anak autis ditandai dengan peningkatan sikap kooperatif anak dan penurunan calculus index pada anak autis.
HİTİTÇE METİNLERDE GIŠniniyalla- “BEŞİK” SÖZCÜĞÜ ÜZERİNE BİR İNCELEME
Authors: BAŞ Nazan
Published: June 2023

GIŠniniyalla- “beşik” kelimesine üç adet Hititçe belgede rastlanmaktadır: KUB 35.89 20’, KUB 58.82 öy.II? 22’ ve KBo 12.112 öy. 7’. Farklı içeriklere sahip bu metinlerin transliterasyonu ve çevirileri yapılıp beşik sözcüğünün Hititçe karşılığının etimolojisi araştırılmıştır. Bebeklerin neyin içine koyulduğuna dair farklı Hititçe metinlere yer verilmiştir. Eskiçağ’da bilinen beşik ile modern beşik kavramları üzerine değerlendirmeler yapılmıştır.
SALLUSTIUS, FRAGMENTA HISTORIARUM, VI. MITHRIDATES’İN III. PHRAATES’E MEKTUBU
Authors: TELATAR Ümit Fafo , SELEN DUMLUPINAR Evren
Published: June 2023

Çalışmada M.Ö. 86-34 yıllarında yaşamış Romalı tarihçi Gaius Sallustius Crispus’un altı mektuptan oluşan Historiarum Fragmenta adlı eserinin içinde yer alan Pontus kralı VI. Mithridates’in Partların kralı III. Phraates’e hitaben yazdığı Epistula Mithridatis adlı mektup, Latinceden Türkçeye çevrilmiş, hem tarihsel hem de filolojik açıdan değerlendirilmiştir.

Giriş bölümünde, mektubu anlamada yardımcı olabilecek tarihsel bilgiler verilmiş, ardından Pontus kralı VI. Mithridates’in o dönemdeki gücünü anlayabilmek ve mektubu daha iyi yorumlayabilmek amacıyla dönemin karmaşık siyasi ortamında yetişmiş kralın eğitimine kısaca değinilmiş ve kralın Roma hakkındaki düşünceleri klasik dönem yazarlarından alıntılarla verilmiştir. Mektupta değinilen tarihsel olaylar dipnotlarda açıklanmıştır. Sonuç olarak, incelen mektuptan Roma’nın ve Anadolu’nun M.Ö. 70-69 yıllarındaki dış siyasi olayları hakkında bilgi edinilirken, o dönem Pontus kralı olan VI. Mithridates’in almış olduğu eğitimin ve gençliğindeki olayların onun yaşamını nasıl etkilemiş olduğu ortaya konmuştur.
Propiedades fisicoquímicas, contenido de fenoles y melanoidinas en una vinaza de sotol de nombre de dios, Durango, México
Authors: Ruelas Ana Elena Aviña , Calleros Pedro Antonio Domínguez , Díaz Luis Alberto Ordaz , Ruíz José Ángel Prieto , Parra Artemio Carrillo , Salas Ana María Bailón
Published: June 2023

Debido a la riqueza de contenido orgánico e inorgánico, los residuos agroindustriales están actualmente considerándose como objeto de estudio para la generación de productos industriales en lugar de tratarlos como residuos; en el caso de la vinaza, que es un subproducto generado durante la obtención de la bebida sotol, se ha generado un interés especial debido a que la producción está aumentando año con año, generando ingresos económicos. Con un pH ácido, una alta carga orgánica y una producción de 12 litros de vinaza por litro de sotol, la disposición de este residuo en agua y suelos puede comprometer ambientalmente los recursos. La evaluación de las propiedades fisicoquímicas y orgánicas de este líquido, permitirá tomar decisiones sobre su tratamiento. El análisis se hizo siguiendo las Normas Mexicanas que apliquen a cada característica: pH, Conductividad Eléctrica, Sólidos Disueltos Totales (SDT), Demanda Bioquímica de Oxígeno (DBO), Demanda Química de Oxígeno (DQO), turbidez, color verdadero, determinación de metales; fenoles totales y melanoidinas. Se encontró que el pH, DQO, SDT exceden los límites máximos permisibles de las NOM 001 SEMARNAT 2021 Y NOM 064 ECOL 1994. La relación DQO/DBO > 4 sugiere tratamiento fisicoquímico para su remediación; además, la alta presencia de fenoles aumenta la DQO. La cantidad de melanoidinas (> 20 mg/L), hacen difícil que se lleve a cabo una digestión anaerobia.  Los metales pesados como Pb, Fe, Zn y Na, son 100% más altos con relación las vinazas tequileras. La presencia de metales pesados es de interés ya que son acumulativas en el suelo. Los datos obtenidos sugieren que las vinazas de sotol son contaminantes, incumplen con la normativa, por lo que no deben ser depositadas en cuerpos de agua y suelos sin ser tratadas.
Comparative Analysis of CNN, LSTM And Random Forest for Multivariate Agricultural Price Forecasting
Authors: ÖZDEN Cevher
Published: June 2023

Time series forecasting is an important research topic among agriculture economics. Especially, multivariate, multi-step and multiple output prediction tasks pose a challenge in research as their nature requires the investigation of intra- and inter-series correlation. The common statistical methods like ARIMA and SARIMA fall short in this kind of tasks. Deep learning architectures like Convolutional Neural Networks and Long Short-Term Memory networks are quite good at modelling the structures of complex data relations. In this study, a new dataset is composed through manual collection of data from the Ministry of Commerce of Turkish Republic. The dataset contains daily trade volumes and prices of potato, onion and garlic, which are most commonly consumed products in Turkish cuisine. The data pertains to the period between January 1, 2018 and November 26, 2022 (1791 days). A simple CNN and LSTM architectures as well Random Forest machine learning method are used to predict the next 10-day prices of the products. Accordingly, three models provided acceptable results in the prediction tasks, while CNN yielded by far the best result (MAE: 0.047, RMSE: 0.070).
Meteorological and Hydrological Drought Analysis of The Kızılırmak Basin
Authors: SELÇUK ÖZTÜRK Derya , ÜLKE KESKİN Aslı , ZEYBEKOĞLU Utku
Published: June 2023

Global climate variation revealing its effects intensely after the Industrial Revolution, have increased extremely with the rise in the number and variation of flood and drought problems worldwide within the years from1990 to 2000. Our country is strongly suffering from this climate variation and its undesired consequences increasing every year. Extreme temperature values, serious flood, and drought problems occuring in some regions have begun to produce considerable damages on daily human life. As a result of the decrease in the discharge of streams, the lack of freshwater resources have become a serious problem which have been considered to be solved with the derivation of fresh water resources for natural life and for other human purposes. Drought conditions of the basin were analyzed using hydrological and meteorological data of Kızılırmak Basin. Standardized precipitation index (SPI) expressing meteorological drought with rainfall parameter and streamflow drought index (SDI) expressing hydrological drought with current parameter were calculated. Droughts were observed in the basin and it was understood that these two indices give harmonious results.
Forceps Use in Rotational and Non-Rotational Vaginal Delivery
Authors:   Obstetrics & Gynecology Department - IRCCS San Martino Hospital - Genova – Italy, S Felis , I Gavini ,   Obstetrics & Gynecology Department - IRCCS San Martino Hospital - Genova – Italy, B Marchese ,   Obstetrics & Gynecology Department - IRCCS San Martino Hospital - Genova – Italy
Published: June 2023

Forceps are a commonly used instrument for assisting vaginal delivery. Accepted indications include prolonged labour, suspected fetal distress and maternal medical conditions that benefit from a shortened second stage of labour. Maternal and offspring outcomes of forceps-assisted birth have been extensively reported in observational studies, but randomized trial evidence is limited. Forceps-assisted delivery has a lower failure rate than vacuum-assisted delivery but is associated with a higher incidence of maternal pelvic floor trauma. Second-stage caesarean section is associated with less fetal-neonatal trauma than forceps-assisted delivery but markedly reduces the chance of a subsequent vaginal birth. This review outlines the existing evidence on prevention, indications, and contraindications for forceps-assisted birth (non-rotational and rotational), short- and long-term complications for mother and baby, alternatives to use of forceps and how to manage an abandoned forceps-assisted birth. The essential components of informed consent are also discussed.
Application of data mining to understand some factors that influence student dropout
Authors: Carrasco Vega Yajaira Lizeth , Carril-Verastegui Benjamín David
Published: June 2023

The research aims to identify applying data mining to identify the main factors that influence the dropout of university students in public universities in Latin America. A documentary analysis was carried out to contextualize the problem of student desertion, and relevant antecedents on the subject were presented. The study's main findings identified that socioeconomic problems, institutional conditions, and social and cultural environment situations are the main factors influencing student dropout in public universities in Latin America. Finally, it is possible to affirm that data mining is helpful for different engineering applications that contribute to the attention of social problems.
Analysis of banana shrinkage from Agrosft software
Authors: Reina Gomez Yuliana Guadalupe , Chacon Contreras Ana Ides , Aguilar Duenas Jorge Eric
Published: June 2023

Bananas and bananas are monocotyledonous plants belonging to the Musaceae family, order Zingiberales. This research aimed to analyze the data obtained in the Agrosf software to evaluate the production process of banana boxes from August to December 2022, specifically in the Hacienda Delia Francia. The study sample was the sheathed bunches from week 30 to week 40 and those harvested from week 42 to week 52 in 2022. The proposed methodology consisted of reducing calibration times, obtaining as the main result that a reduction in time implies a decrease in weight, which is not convenient to meet the demands of the international market.
Which One Should We Click? E-Commerce Platforms from a Consumer Perspective: A Study on Türkiye
Authors: GÜRBÜZ Ahmet , AKSU Murat
Published: June 2023

Increasing competition and the global epidemic of Covid-19, which shook the world deeply, increased the rate of use of electronic commerce (e-commerce) and put companies on an inevitable path. The purpose of this article is to determine the factors affecting the positioning of e-commerce platforms from the consumer perspective and to show the positions of e-commerce platforms operating in Türkiye from the consumer perspective through the help of perception maps. Qualitative and quantitative methods are applied in the research. A qualitative study was first conducted to determine the factors that are important in the branding of e-commerce platforms. Using the data obtained from this study, a questionnaire in which appropriate statements for the scale to be used in quantitative research were included scale was prepared. As a result of the data obtained by applying the prepared questionnaire scale on the target group, the dimensions were determined, and the final questionnaire practice was made to reveal the perception maps. Within the scope of the dimensions formed as a result of the survey practice, the positions of e-commerce platforms are shown through the perception maps. In the study, explanatory factor analysis was used to determine the factors affecting the positioning of e-commerce platforms. As a result of the analysis, a 7-dimensional structure emerged. However, since the factors should be clear in the perception maps, the structure has been handled in 10 dimensions, and perception maps have been created for 9 e-commerce platforms operating in Türkiye.
Heart Disease Detection using Machine Learning
Authors: Prof. R. N. Kankrale  , Game Arpita  , Jadhav Punam  , Kurund Chaitali
Published: June 2023

Heart sickness is one of the maximum full-size reasons of mortality in today’s world. Heart sickness proves to be the main reason of loss of life for each male and female. This impacts the human life very badly. The analysis of coronary heart sickness in maximum cases relies upon on a complicated aggregate and huge extent of scientific and pathological records. Machine studying has been proven to be powerful assisting in making choices and predictions from the big amount of records produced through the fitness care industry. In this report, numerous conventional machine studying algorithms that goals in enhancing the accuracy of heart sickness prediction has been applied. In heart diseases, correct analysis is primary. But, the conventional approaches are insufficient for correct prediction and analysis. In order to use deep studying approach very big datasets are required which aren't to be had in clinical and scientific research. To address this issue, surrogate records is generated from Cleveland dataset. The generated artificial dataset is applied with conventional gadget studying algorithms as properly as with deep studying model. The expected outcomes display that there's an development in class accuracy. The generated artificial dataset performs a vital function to enhance the class prediction especially while coping with sensitive records.
Looking for an “Honourable Political
Solution” : The Comissão Nacional de
Descolonização and the Fate of Timor-
Leste, 1974–1976
Authors: Pereira Zélia
Published: June 2023

The National Decolonisation Commission was created in 1974 to define
general lines of action and solve problems inherent to the process of
decolonisation of the territories under Portugal’s dependence. This
chapter analyses its role in guiding Portuguese policy towards the fate
of Timor-Leste between 1974 and 1976. It shows how the delay in defining
a clear political line and the lack of harmony between the various
entities involved hampered the necessary consensus for establishing a
road map to the transition of power. It also highlights the fundamental
role of the commission after the crisis of August 1975, as well as after the
formal invasion of Timor-Leste by Indonesia, in the attempts made by
the Portuguese authorities to obtain a solution to the decolonisation of
Timor-Leste.
“Damned If You Do, Damned If You
Don’t” : Portugal, the UN and the
Timor-Leste Issue
Authors: Pereira Zélia
Published: June 2023

This chapter offers a survey of the UN’s role regarding Timor-Leste’s decolonisation.
Starting with the first anti-colonial resolutions by the General
Assembly in 1960, the analysis extends to 1982, when the UNGA entrusted
the issue to the good offices of the secretary-general. It focuses on the
Portuguese attempts to keep the issue alive in the international arena
after 1975. The chapter stresses that Portugal moved from being staunchly
opposed to UN directives on decolonisation, and thus politically isolated
(before 1974), to being a champion of the right for self-determination for
Timor-Leste (after 1975), a stance that resulted in its unexpected isolation
once again. The chapter also addresses how several countries voted in
the UNGA, showing that realpolitik induced a sharp contrast with the
stated goals of international law, namely regarding self-determination.
Walking a Tightrope between the
Army and the Church : Jesuit Relief
during the Indonesian Occupation of
Timor-Leste, 1975–1999
Authors: Hanifah Pocut
Published: June 2023

This chapter discusses the dilemmas faced by the Indonesian Jesuits
who operated in Timor-Timur during the Indonesian occupation. Torn
between their missionary activities and Indonesian integration propaganda,
they walked a tightrope between the Catholic Church and the
Indonesian army. The Indonesian Jesuits in Timor were fully aware of
their political role and the need to engage in constant negotiation between
the Indonesian forces and their Timorese flock. They thus tried to act
as a bridge between the local population and the military occupiers, an
impossible endeavour whose fragility was exposed at every twist and
turn of Timor’s blood-drenched politics. Still, this dubious position also
allowed them to communicate across the political divide to organise
educational and medical relief.
The Indonesian Genocide in Timor-
Leste: Law, Politics, History
Authors: Fernandes Clinton
Published: June 2023

This chapter examines Indonesia’s actions against the people of Timor-
Leste between 1975 and 1999. Its focus is the applicability of the 1948
Genocide Convention to Indonesia’s conduct. It begins by discussing the
evidentiary standard by which Indonesia’s conduct should be judged.
It then shows that the East Timorese were a national group within the
meaning of the Genocide Convention. It cites the findings of Timor-Leste’s
Truth Commission and other official and scholarly studies to demonstrate
Indonesia’s long-running and systematic effort to undermine the foundation
of the East Timorese as a national group. It concludes with a discussion
of responsibility, accountabiity and justice.
EVAPOTRANSPIRATION TANK (TVAP)
Authors: Rodrigues Maia Felipe
Published: June 2023

The following work presents a proposal for rural, sustainable, economic development and aims to demonstrate the advantages of implementing an economically viable system to promote the treatment of domestic sewage in rural areas. This is an exploratory research, carried out from a literature review. The selected method consists of an evapotranspiration tank, which stands out from the others for its simplified feature for segregating black and gray water and for providing sewage treatment. Although it is still considered a rudimentary sewage collection system, the importance of developing proposals for these systems is highlighted, since rural effluents in most cases do not have a correct destination or reuse, generating a large environmental liability. Through reuse processes and the use of low-cost technologies, it is possible to make the effluents innovative products and even use them in the community itself, in order to enhance the organic cultivation of vegetables or forage plants to feed the ruminants of the property and with low production cost, as it is a simple and cheap solution for those farmers who do not have many resources on their property or around their water sources, something that, by the way, is very rare to find, especially in the northeastern semi-arid region. . With the lack of sanitation in rural areas, it is inevitable to obtain by-products and this work proved to be economically viable, with ease of implementation and maintenance accessible to the low-income population, in addition to being an ecologically correct alternative.
Development of Scramble Learning Media to Improve the Character of Love for the Motherland in PKN Pancasila Material
Authors: Pertiwi Bella , Azhar Pradana Chairy , Siregar Zulham
Published: June 2023

Learning media is a tool that can help the teaching and learning process so that the message's meaning becomes clearer and teaching and learning goals can be achieved effectively and efficiently. This research aims to be a learning resource for students to obtain messages and information from teachers so that learning materials can be further improved; this research also focuses on improving the character of love for the homeland through learning media. The type of research used is Research and Development (R&D) using the Borg and Gall method. The steps of use are potential and problems, data collection, product design, design validation, product revision, and limited product trials. Data collection techniques in this study used interviews, questionnaires, and documentation. Based on the analysis of the material expert assessment of 92%, media expert assessment of 86.67%, grade elementary school teacher trial of 90%, individual trial of 91.11%, small group trial of 90.13%, and large group trial of 88%. Thus, scramble learning media can also increase the character of love for the homeland and motivation in the learning process so that students feel happy and excited and do not get bored during the learning process.
MÜLTECİ BİR TİP OLARAK DİVAN ŞAİRİ
Authors: YILTER Sait
Published: June 2023

İnsan; akıl ve irade bakımından diğer varlıklardan üstün olarak yaratılmıştır. Bu yönüyle insan iyiyi kötüden ayırt edebilir, kısmen tabiata hükmedebilir. Kendisine sınırlı bir hayat verilmiş olan insanın daima acelesi vardır. İnsan hastalandığında tabiatın gücü ve ölüm karşısında çoğu zaman zayıf ve aciz bir varlık hâline gelir. Bu zor durumdan kurtulmak için sığınacak bir yer arar. Divan şairi emelleri, beklentileri, hayalleriyle sıradan bir insan kalıbına pek uymayan bir kişilik olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Osmanlı toplumunda geleneksel eğitim anlayışıyla yetişen, İslam dairesinde günlük yaşantısını sürdüren şair; maddȋ ve manevȋ dilek, istek ve ihtiraslarının gerçekleşmemesi durumunda kime sığınmakta, hâlini kime arz etmektedir? Divan şairlerinin Allâh’a, Peygamber Muhammed’e, dört halifeye, tarikat büyüklerine, padişahlara ve devlet adamlarına, bazen kendileri gibi bir şaire iltica ettikleri ve şiirlerinde yeri geldikçe bu durumu dillendirdikleri görülmüştür. “İltica” sözüyle ilişkili olan mültecâ, melce, melâz, me’men, penâh, puşt gibi kavramlara da şiirlerde sıklıkla rastlanılmaktadır. Şairlerin, sevgilinin kapısına iltica ettiği gibi bazen bir uç örnek olarak rakibe bile iltica ettiği de görülmektedir. Şairlerin bazen bir züht elbisesi, bir meyhane köşesi, bir himmet kalesi, bir izzet ve ikbal binası gibi yerlere de iltica ettiği anlaşılmaktadır. Hatta şairlerin bazen iltica edecekleri bir yer ve kimse bulamadıkları için serzenişte bulunduklarına şahit olunmaktadır. Bu çalışmada divan şairinin mülteci bir tip olarak kime ve neye sığındığı tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır.
Assessment of damage to national and world cultural heritage due to damage or destruction of archaeological monuments
Authors: Indutnyi Volodymyr , Merezhko Nina , Pirkovich Kateryna
Published: June 2023

A methodology for practical assessment of the level of financial losses of world and national cultures caused by the damage or destruction of archaeological monuments is presented. It is based on author's algorithms for the analysis of the state of the market of cultural values and the calculation of the "evaluation base", as well as the indicator of the level of the average annual expenditure of citizens to meet their own humanitarian needs. An example of the evaluation of a unique monument of archeology and a table of value indicators are provided, which greatly simplifies the work of professional appraisers.
OLCI-A/B tandem phase: evaluation of FLuorescence EXplorer (FLEX)-like radiances and estimation of systematic differences between OLCI-A and OLCI-FLEX
Authors: Jänicke Lena Katharina , Preusker Rene , Celesti Marco , Tudoroiu Marin , Fischer Jürgen , Schüttemeyer Dirk , Drusch Matthias
Published: June 2023

Abstract. During the tandem phase of Sentinel-3A and Sentinel-3B in summer 2018 the Ocean and Land Colour Imager (OLCI) mounted on the Sentinel-3B satellite was reprogrammed to mimics ESA's eighth Earth Explorer, the FLuorescence EXplorer (FLEX). The OLCI in FLEX configuration (OLCI-FLEX) had 45 spectral bands between 500 and 792 nm. The new data set with high-spectral-resolution measurements (bandwidth: 1.7–3.7 nm) serves as preparation for the FLEX mission. Spatially co-registered measurements of both instruments are used for the atmospheric correction and the retrieval of surface parameters, e.g. the fluorescence or the leaf area index. For such combined products, it is essential that both instruments are radiometrically consistent. We developed a transfer function to compare radiance measurements from different optical sensors and to monitor their consistency. In the presented study, the transfer function shifts information gained from high-resolution “FLEX-mode” settings to information convolved with the spectral response of the normal (lower) spectral resolution of the OLCI sensor. The resulting reconstructed low-resolution radiance is representative of the high-resolution data (OLCI-FLEX), and it can be compared with the measured low-resolution radiance (OLCI-A measurements). This difference is used to quantify systematic differences between the instruments. Applying the transfer function, we could show that OLCI-A is about 2 % brighter than OLCI-FLEX for most bands of the OLCI-FLEX spectral domain. At the longer wavelengths (> 770 nm) OLCI-A is about 5 % darker. Sensitivity studies showed that the parameters affecting the quality of the comparison of OLCI-A and OLCI-FLEX with the transfer function are mainly the surface reflectance and secondarily the aerosol composition. However, the aerosol composition can be simplified as long as it is treated consistently in all steps in the transfer function. Generally, the transfer function enables direct comparison of instruments with different spectral responses even with different observation geometries or different levels of observation. The method is sensitive to measurement biases and errors resulting from the processing. One application could be the quality control of the FLEX mission; presently it is also useful for the quality control of the OLCI-FLEX data.
Weather and climate and their human impacts and responses during the Thirty Years’ War in Central Europe
Authors: Brázdil Rudolf , Dobrovolný Petr , Pfister Christian , Kleemann Katrin , Chromá Kateřina , Szabó Péter , Olinski Piotr
Published: June 2023

Abstract. The Thirty Years’ War, which took place from 1618 to 1648 CE, was an armed military conflict in Europe. It resulted from the culmination of contradictions between advocates of the Roman Catholic and Protestant Churches during the 17th-century reformation, as well as a power struggle for European political hegemony. This war brought about extensive devastation to Europe. Based on documentary evidence, this paper characterizes the climate, weather extremes, and economic and socio-political events in Central Europe during that time. Natural climate forcing indicates a gradual climate deterioration during the first half of the 17th century, associated with a decrease in solar activity towards the Maunder Minimum and increased volcanic activity. The mean temperatures in Central Europe from 1618 to 1648 were significantly colder than the reference period of 1961 to 1990 in winter, autumn, and annually, while precipitation and drought means did not differ significantly from the reference. Summer temperatures, spring precipitation, and drought also exhibited significantly larger variability. Remarkably below-mean values, centered around the 1630s, characterized precipitation and drought fluctuations. These analyzed climatic patterns were accompanied by the occurrence of numerous weather extremes. Notably, late winter, late spring and early autumn frosts, floods, intense rain spells, and droughts affected grain, fruit, and vine grape harvests, as well as the yields of other crops. These weather extremes contributed to various human impacts, such as food shortages (reflecting harvests and grain prices), famines, and epidemics. Ultimately, these events, along with the effects of the war, led to a decline in the population. The results obtained were discussed within the broader European context, taking into account climate, weather extremes, and socio-economic impacts.
Investigating the differences in calculating global mean surface CO2 abundance: the impact of analysis methodologies and site selection
Authors: Wu Zhendong , Vermeulen Alex , Sawa Yousuke , Karstens Ute , Peters Wouter , de Kok Remco , Lan Xin , Nagai Yasuyuki , Ogi Akinori , Tarasova Oksana
Published: June 2023

Abstract. The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) Global Atmosphere Watch (GAW) coordinates high-quality atmospheric greenhouse gas observations globally and provides these observations through the WMO World Data Centre for Greenhouse Gases (WDCGG) supported by Japan Meteorological Agency. The WDCGG and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) analyse these measurements using different methodologies and site selection to calculate global annual mean surface CO2 and its growth rate as a headline climate indicator. This study proposes a third hybrid method named semi-NOAA, which is used as an independent validation of the methods as described by NOAA and WDCGG. We apply the semi-NOAA to incorporate observations from most WMO GAW stations and 3D modelled CO2 fields from CarbonTracker Europe (CTE). We found that different observational networks (i.e., the NOAA, GAW, and CTE networks) and analysis methods result in differences in the calculated global surface CO2 mole fractions equivalent to the current atmospheric growth rate over a three-month period. However, the CO2 growth rate derived from these networks and CTE model output shows good agreement. Over the long-term period (40 years), both networks with and without continental sites exhibit the same trend in the growth rate (0.030 ± 0.002 ppm per year). However, a clear difference emerges in the short-term (one month) change of the growth rate. The network that includes continental sites improves the early detection of changes in biogenic emissions.
MOPREDAScentury: a long-term monthly precipitation grid for the Spanish mainland
Authors: Beguería Santiago , Peña-Angulo Dhais , Trullenque-Blanco Víctor , González-Hidalgo Carlos
Published: June 2023

Abstract. This article describes the development of a monthly
precipitation dataset for the Spanish mainland, covering the period between
December 1915 and December 2020. The dataset combines ground observational
data from the National Climate Data Bank (NCDB) of the Spanish
meteorological service (AEMET) and new data rescued from meteorological
yearbooks published prior to 1951 that were never incorporated into the
NCDB. The yearbooks' data represented a significant improvement of the
dataset, as it almost doubled the number of weather stations available
during the first decades of the 20th century, the period when the
data were more scarce. The final dataset contains records from 11 312 stations, although the number of stations with data in a given month varies
largely between 674 in 1939 and a maximum of 5234 in 1975. Spatial
interpolation was used on the resulting dataset to create monthly
precipitation grids. The process involved a two-stage process: estimation of
the probability of zero precipitation (dry month) and estimation of
precipitation magnitude. Interpolation was carried out using universal
kriging, using anomalies (ratios with respect to the 1961–2000 monthly
climatology) as dependent variables and several geographic variates as
independent variables. Cross-validation results showed that the resulting
grids are spatially and temporally unbiased, although the mean error and the
variance deflation effect are highest during the first decades of the
20th century, when the observational data were more scarce. The
dataset is available at https://doi.org/10.20350/digitalCSIC/15136 under an open license and can
be cited as Beguería et al. (2023).
PRIMITIVE SEGMENTATION OF DOUGONG COMPONENTS BASED ON REGIONAL CLUSTERING
Authors: Hao W. , Dong Y. , Hou M.
Published: June 2023

Abstract. As one of the most characteristic components of ancient Chinese architecture, Dougong has an important significance in the history of ancient Chinese architecture, but with the passage of time, wooden building components are prone to decay and missing, so it is particularly important to digitally retain the Dougong. In order to realize the Dougong component segmentation, this paper proposes a super voxel-based Dougong component primitive segmentation method, which is divided into two parts: firstly, super voxelizing the Dougong point cloud data, and secondly, realizing the Dougong component primitive segmentation by using multi-geometric constrained region growth algorithm. In order to verify the effectiveness of the method, this paper selects three main Dougong types of the Qing Dynasty, including pingshenke, jiaoke, zhutouke, for experimental validation, and the results show that the combination of super voxel and regional growth algorithm can effectively extract the geometric primitive surface of the Dougong components with high extraction efficiency and good adaptability, which can be prepared for the subsequent knowledge of Dougong construction method to achieve component segmentation.
A FLEXIBLE WORKFLOW FOR MULTIMODAL 3D IMAGING OF VAULTED PAINTED CEILINGS IN HIGH DETAIL
Authors: Hindmarch J. , Burioni M. , Hess M.
Published: June 2023

Abstract. 3D imaging is an increasingly common tool for the investigation of cultural heritage. Painted ceilings offer particular challenges as the art historical requirements necessitate highly detailed and accurate capture of colour textures with sub-millimetre resolution, even of large areas of 100s of square metres, situated in a wide variety of building environments. Geometrical information is also required to represent fully the three-dimensional nature of these sculpted and vaulted ceilings, again at the resolution necessary for both documentation and use by cultural heritage professionals including conservators, restorers, building researchers, architects and art historians. This paper describes a multi-modal campaign of 3D digitisation of three very different sites undertaken as part of the Franco-German Plafond 3D project. We introduce a flexible and adaptable methodology that allows the detailed imaging of large interiors and ceiling paintings in a short period of time and with varying levels of access.