bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevalence, radiographic resolution and outcomes of slab fractures of the third and central tarsal bones in juvenile Thoroughbred horses
Authors: Steel CM , Collins VL , Hance SR , Adkins AR , Hitchens PL
Published: March 2019

Background

Veterinarians are required to interpret the significance of radiographic findings for sale, soundness and future racing performance of weanling and yearling Thoroughbreds. We investigated the prevalence and radiographic appearance of slab fractures of the third (T3) and central tarsal (Tc) bones.

Methods

Weanling and yearling horses with complete or incomplete T3 or Tc fracture were identified by searching a database of radiographs. The prevalence and radiographic appearance at initial diagnosis and after continued pasture turnout, as well as prognosis for racing, of fractures of T3 and Tc were determined.

Results

Fractures were identified in 186 tarsi (184 T3 fracture only, 1 Tc fracture only, 1 Tc and T3 fracture) of 157 horses (126 unilateral T3, 29 bilateral T3, 1 contralateral Tc and T3, 1 unilateral Tc and T3) from 7676 examinations. The prevalence of T3 and Tc fractures was 2.40 (95% CI 2.07, 2.76) and 0.04 (95% CI 0.01, 0.11) per 100 radiographic examinations respectively. Fractures were identified on the D556–65°MPlLO view and occurred by survey examination at 11.1 ± 1.3 months in 85.7% horses. At initial diagnosis, 84.3% of T3 fractures appeared incomplete and involved the distal articular surface. Fracture score improved (P < 0.001), and dorsal modelling (P < 0.001) and osteoarthritis score increased in the distal intertarsal joint (P < 0.001), but not the tarsometatarsal joint, between survey and repository examinations. Fractures healed by repository examination in 71.9% of tarsi if there was > 6 months between examinations. There was no difference in sale price, and horses with T3 fractures had fewer trials when 2 and 3 years old (P = 0.023), yet no difference in other parameters of racing success when 2 or 3 years old compared with controls.

Conclusion

Tarsal slab fractures can occur in juvenile Thoroughbreds and most heal with continued pasture turnout of > 6 months. Further investigation is required to determine risk factors and before making firm conclusions regarding the optimal management, prognosis for racing and long‐term soundness.
Motile ciliogenesis and the mitotic prism
Authors: Al Jord Adel , Spassky Nathalie , Meunier Alice
Published: March 2019

Motile cilia of epithelial multiciliated cells transport vital fluids along organ lumens to promote essential respiratory, reproductive and brain functions. Progenitors of multiciliated cells undergo massive and coordinated organelle remodelling during their differentiation for subsequent motile ciliogenesis. Defects in multiciliated cell differentiation lead to severe cilia‐related diseases by perturbing cilia‐based flows. Recent work designated the machinery of mitosis as the orchestrator of the orderly progression of differentiation associated with multiple motile cilia formation. By examining the events leading to motile ciliogenesis with a methodological prism of mitosis, we contextualise and discuss the recent findings to broaden the spectrum of questions related to the differentiation of mammalian multiciliated cells.
Determinants of left ventricular diastolic function—The Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study
Authors: Heiskanen Jarkko S. , Ruohonen Saku , Rovio Suvi P. , Kytö Ville , Kähönen Mika , Lehtimäki Terho , Viikari Jorma S. A. , Juonala Markus , Laitinen Tomi , Tossavainen Päivi , Jokinen Eero , Hutri‐Kähönen Nina , Raitakari Olli T.
Published: March 2019

Decreased left ventricular (LV) diastolic function is associated with increased all‐cause mortality and risk for a heart failure. The determinants of LV diastolic function have been mainly studied in elderly populations; however, the origin of LV heart failure may relate to the lifestyle factors acquired during the life course. Therefore, we examined biochemical, physiological, and lifestyle determinants of LV diastolic function in 34–49‐year‐old participants of the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study (Young Finns Study). In 2011, clinical examination and echocardiography were performed for 1928 participants (880 men and 1048 women; aged 34–49 years). LV diastolic function was primarily defined using E/é‐ratio (population mean 4.8, range 2.1–9.0). In a multivariate model, systolic blood pressure (P < 0.005), female sex (P < 0.005), age (P < 0.005), waist circumference (P = 0.024), smoking (P = 0.028), serum alanine aminotransferase (P = 0.032) were directly associated with E/é‐ratio, while an inverse association was found for height (P < 0.005). Additionally, a higher E/é‐ratio was found in participants with concentric hypertrophy compared to normal cardiac geometry (P < 0.005). Other indicators of the LV diastolic function including E/A‐ratio and left atrial volume index showed similarly strong associations with systolic blood pressure and age. In conclusion, we identified systolic blood pressure, waist circumference and smoking as modifiable determinants of the LV diastolic function in the 34–49‐year‐old participants of the Young Finns Study.
Circulating microRNA‐1246 as a possible biomarker for early tumor recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Chuma Makoto , Toyoda Hidenori , Matsuzaki Juntaro , Saito Yoshimasa , Kumada Takashi , Tada Toshifumi , Kaneoka Yuji , Maeda Atsuyuki , Yokoo Hideki , Ogawa Koji , Kamiyama Toshiya , Taketomi Akinobu , Matsuno Yoshihiro , Yazawa Keiichi , Takeda Kazuhisa , Kunisaki Chikara , Ogushi Katsuaki , Moriya Satoshi , Hara Koji , Nozaki Akito , Kondo Masaaki , Fukuda Hiroyuki , Numata Kazushi , Tanaka Katsuaki , Maeda Shin , Sakamoto Naoya
Published: March 2019

Aims

Early tumor recurrence (ETR) after hepatic resection is a crucial predictor of poor prognosis in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The aim of this study was to identify clinically significant serum microRNAs (miRNAs) involved in the ETR of HCC.

Methods

We compared expression profiles of circulating miRNAs from serum samples between five HCC patients with ETR (recurrence within 12 months after hepatectomy) and five HCC patients without recurrence using microarray analysis of miRNA. The identified miRNA associated with ETR was further verified in 121 HCC patients, 73 liver disease patients, and 15 health controls by real‐time quantitative reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

Results

Of the approximately 2000 miRNAs analyzed, we identified 15 miRNAs for which expression levels correlated significantly with ETR. Of these miRNAs, we further investigated expression of miRNA‐1246 (miR‐1246). Quantitative PCR confirmed that miR‐1246 was upregulated in HCC with ETR, compared to the level in HCC without ETR (P < 0.001). Serum miR‐1246 showed a receiver operating characteristic curve area of 0.762, with 77.4% specificity and 54.1% sensitivity in discriminating HCC patients with ETR from HCC patients without ETR. Altered expression of miR‐1246 was associated with aggressive tumor characteristics, including tumor–node–metastasis classification (P = 0.0413), tumor differentiation (P = 0.0419), and portal vein invasion (P = 0.0394). Moreover, multivariate Cox regression analysis identified serum miR‐1246 level as an independent risk factor for overall survival (hazard ratio, 2.784; 95% confidence interval, 1.528–5.071; P = 0.0008).

Conclusion

Circulating miR‐1246 in serum has strong potential as a novel ETR and prognostic biomarker for HCC.
Mindsets of health and healthy eating intentions
Authors: Thomas Fanice N. , Burnette Jennifer L. , Hoyt Crystal L.
Published: March 2019

Across two studies, we examined the relation between mindsets of health, expectancy‐value, and eating intentions. We also explored if relations are stronger for African Americans compared to White Americans. In Study 1, we conducted a correlational study (N = 158) to examine initial relations among constructs. In Study 2, we employed an experimental design (N = 205), and randomly assigned participants to either a growth mindset or a fixed mindset of health condition. In both studies, we measured participants’ mindsets of health, expectancy‐value beliefs, healthy eating intentions, past eating habits, and demographics. In Study 1, stronger growth mindsets of health predicted healthier eating intentions. Expectancy‐value beliefs, namely, the extent to which individuals value healthy eating habits and expect to be able to manage their eating, mediated this relation. In Study 2, we successfully manipulated mindsets of health and individuals in the growth mindset condition reported healthier eating intentions, compared to those in the fixed mindset condition. Expectancy‐value beliefs again mediated this link. Race only moderated the relation in Study 1, such that effects of growth mindsets on outcomes (i.e., eating intentions and expectancy‐value beliefs) are stronger for African Americans compared to White Americans. Study 1 provided initial evidence of a relationship between stronger growth mindsets of health and healthier beliefs and intentions. Study 2 offered experimental evidence. We discuss theoretical and practical implications.
The synergistic effects of clopidogrel with montelukast may be beneficial for asthma treatment
Authors: Trinh Hoang Kim Tu , Nguyen Thuy Van Thao , Choi Youngwoo , Park Hae‐Sim , Shin Yoo Seob
Published: March 2019

Platelets modulate asthma pathogenesis by forming the platelet‐eosinophil aggregation (PEA), which facilitates the activation of eosinophils. Platelets exhibit the purinergic receptor (P2Y12R), which responds to cysteinyl leukotriene E4 (LTE4). We have suggested that the combination of an antiplatelet drug (clopidogrel, [Clo]) and montelukast (Mon) would synergistically suppress asthma. BALB/c mice were intraperitoneally sensitized with ovalbumin (OVA) on days 0 and 14 and subsequently challenged on days 28‐30 and 42‐44. Mice were administered with Clo (10 mg/kg), Mon (10 mg/kg) or both drugs (Clo/Mon) orally 30 minutes before the OVA (1%) challenge on days 42‐44. Mice were assayed for airway hyper‐responsiveness (AHR) to methacholine and airway inflammation. Clopidogrel and montelukast attenuated the increased AHR; the combined treatment was more effective than a single treatment for total and eosinophil counts (all P < 0.05). Levels of interleukin (IL)‐4, IL‐5, IL‐13, platelet factor 4, eosinophil peroxidase and LTE4 increased in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of asthmatic mice, but these levels decreased in mice treated with Clo/Mon (all P < 0.05). Goblet cell hyperplasia decreased in response to Clo/Mon. Mouse platelets and eosinophils were isolated and co‐cultured for an in vitro assay with 10 µmol/L adenosine diphosphate (ADP), LTE4 (200 nmol/L), Mon (1 µmol/L), Clo (1 µmol/L) and Clo/Mon (1 µmol/L). Flow cytometry revealed that the increased formation of the PEA (%) was fully mediated by ADP and partly mediated by LTE4. Clo/Mon reduced ADP‐induced PEA formation and P‐selectin expression (P < 0.05). In conclusion, Clo/Mon synergistically relieved asthma by inhibiting ADP‐mediated PEA formation.
Raddeanin A down‐regulates androgen receptor and its splice variants in prostate cancer
Authors: Xia Hongyan , Hu Cheng , Bai Shanshan , Lyu Jing , Zhang Bryan Y. , Yu Xianghui , Zhan Yang , Zhao Lijing , Dong Yan
Published: March 2019

Castration‐resistant progression of prostate cancer is a major cause of prostate cancer mortality, and increased expression and activity of the full‐length and the splice variants of androgen receptor (AR) have been indicated to drive castration resistance. Consequently, there is an urgent need to develop agents that can target both the full‐length and the splice variants of AR for more effective treatment of prostate cancer. In the present study, we showed that raddeanin A (RA), an oleanane‐type triterpenoid saponin, suppresses the transcriptional activities of both the full‐length and the splice variants of AR. This is attributable to their decreased expression as a result of RA induction of proteasome‐mediated degradation and inhibition of the transcription of the AR gene. We further showed the potential of using RA to enhance the growth inhibitory efficacy of docetaxel, the first‐line chemotherapy for prostate cancer. This study identifies RA as a new agent to target both the full‐length and the splice variants of AR and provides a rationale for further developing RA for prostate cancer treatment.
Trends in Multidisciplinary Hazard and Disaster Research: A 1982–2017 Case Study
Authors: Behrendt Adam , Lukasiewicz Kathryn , Seaberg Daniel , Zhuang Jun
Published: March 2019

From 1982 to 2017, 539 unique awards studying extreme events and natural disasters have been funded by the Infrastructure Management and Extreme Events (IMEE), Decision, Risk and Management Science (DRMS), Humans, Disasters, and the Built Environment (HDBE), and Hazard Science, Engineering, and Education for Sustainability (Hazard SEES) programs under the National Science Foundation, totaling approximately $450 million. The relationships between discipline, topic, and funding are explored through review of the data on each award's active dates, amount of funding received, specific hazards and disasters studied, and principal investigator (PI) and co‐PI affiliations. A positive correlation between award funding and increasingly larger multidisciplinary teams of PIs on projects is observed. However, these teams of four or more PIs only account for about 18% of the total number of awards. In terms of topic, projects applicable to general hazard/disaster research encompass the largest portion of awards, but not the greatest funding per award on average. Additionally, both the number of awards per year and the total funds allotted per year show an increasing trend. Finally, some of the trends in project team discipline with relation to hazards show a shift to equal numbers of engineers and social scientists on multidisciplinary teams while others remain fairly homogeneous in their team dynamics. This article provides unique perspectives on how to better allocate funds through extensive topic and funding analysis. This work is a brief analysis of trends in the hazard and disaster research community, focusing on multidisciplinary project teams and their correlation to funding amounts and research areas.
Prohibitions caused by nonlocality for nonlocal Boussinesq‐KdV type systems
Authors: Lou S. Y.
Published: March 2019

It is found that two different celebrate models, the Korteweg de‐Vrise (KdV) equation and the Boussinesq equation, are linked to a same model equation but with different nonlocalities. The nonlocal KdV equation can be derived in two ways, via the so‐called consistent correlated bang companied by the parity and time reversal from the local KdV equation and via the parity and time reversal symmetry reduction from a coupled local KdV system which is a two‐layer fluid model. The same model can be called as the nonlocal Boussinesq system if the nonlocality is changed as only one of parity and time reversal. The nonlocal Boussinesq equation can be derived via the parity or time reversal symmetry reduction from the local Boussinesq equation. For the nonlocal Boussinesq equation, with help of the bilinear approach and recasting the multisoliton solutions of the usual Boussinesq equation to an equivalent novel form, the multisoliton solutions with even numbers and the head on interactions are obtained. However, the multisoliton solutions with odd numbers and the multisoliton solutions with even numbers but with pursuant interactions are prohibited. For the nonlocal KdV equation, the multisoliton solutions exhibit many more structures because an arbitrary odd function of can be introduced as background waves of the usual KdV equation.
The influence of combined vegetation stalk thickness on water flow resistance
Authors: Zhang Shengtang , Wang Zhikai , Liu Ying , Li Guibao , Chen Si , Liu Ming
Published: March 2019

Vegetation that exists in the natural environment often involves a combination of plants with different stalk thicknesses. This combination affects the hydrodynamic properties of the ground surface, which in turn changes the velocity and distribution of run‐off. Current research on the influence of vegetation stalk thickness on water flow resistance is mostly focused on uniform vegetation. There have been few studies on the influence of non‐uniform vegetation on water flow resistance, and most have been qualitative in nature. In order to study the quantitative relationship between combinations of different stalk thicknesses and the water flow resistance of slope vegetation, a laboratory experiment was performed using a flume. The results show that when two different plant stalk thicknesses are staggered and combined, the diameters of the plants exhibit a power function relationship with the Darcy‐Weisbach resistance coefficient. When the diameter of the stem of one of the plants remains constant, at the same water depth, the coefficient of water flow resistance increases with the diameter of the stem of the other plant. Additionally, the coefficient of the vegetation flow resistance increases with increasing water depth. In the non‐submerged state, as the water depth increases, the rate at which the water flow resistance coefficient increases gradually declines, and as the diameter of any plant stem increases, the rate at which the water flow resistance coefficient increases also declines gradually. These findings provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and control of soil erosion and have important practical implications for maintaining water and soil resources.
Developing the Scale of Classroom Management Skills
Authors: Ergin Demirali Yaşar
Published: March 2019

In general sense, management uses sources of organization voluminously to reach the common goals of the participants of the organization. Classroom management uses the sources of the classroom participant (student, teacher, school management) to be successful. Success at education may be reached if teacher, with the status of classroom manager, can perform management processes effectively. The most important factor at success at education is teacher’s level of classroom management skills. Classroom management skills cannot be dissociated from general management skills. Processes such as planning, coordination, organization, communication, making decisions, and prize-reward are also necessary for classroom management. Teacher’s success at these processes also determines his success at the teaching conducted with his students.The study was conducted with 788 students chosen randomly from Trakya University. Varimax rotated exploratory factor analysis was used as scale development statistics to ascertain sub-dimensions. Item-total correlation coefficient and item-remainder correlation coefficient, Cronbach and Rulon coefficient were calculated to determine the reliability. The scale was found to be valid, reliable and available as a result of statistical procedures.
Relationship Between Intrapreneurship and Customer Driven Behaviors (Case of Sports Istanbul)
Authors: Saçaklı Haluk , Pekel Aydın , Kepoğlu Abdurrahman
Published: March 2019

The aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship between the intrapreneurship and customer driven behaviors of the sports organization personnel. For this purpose, 1789 personnel working in Istanbul Sports Activities and Management Trade Incorporated Company, which serves within Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality have composed the population of the study and the sample is composed of 360 volunteer participants determined by simple random sampling method. The study was performed by scanning method (relational model) and the data was collected by survey method. The personal information form, the internal entrepreneurship scale, and the customer-oriented behavior scale were administered to the participants. The obtained data were analyzed using SPSS 24 software package program. Correlation and regression analysis were used as statistical methods. As a result, it is determined that there is a significant relationship between intrapreneurship and customer-driven behaviors and that intrapreneurship behavior has a decisive effect on the level of customer-driven behavior. Findings indicate that sub-dimensions of intrapreneurship have a certain degree of impact on the sub-dimensions of customer-driven behavior.
Examining the Levels of Forgiveness and Psychological Resilience of Teacher Candidates
Authors: Toktas Sermet
Published: March 2019

The aim of this study is to evaluate the forgiveness and psychological resilience of the pre-service teachers in the department of physical education and sports in sports education and psychology according to different variables. The study group consisted of 479 university students studying in Kahramanmaras, Gaziantep, Burdur, Denizli and Mersin during the 2017-2018 academic year. Gender in the personal information form, the team or individual sports and the personal information form prepared for the department were used as data collection tools of the study. The short psychological resilience scale developed by Smith et al. (2008) and adapted to Turkish by Dogan (2015) was used to determine the psychological stability levels of the study group. The Affinity Scale Developed by Berry et al. (2005); adapted to Turkish by Akin, Gediksiz and Akin (2012) was used in the study to evaluate the forgiveness of the research group. The data were analyzed by using SPSS Statistics 22.0 package program, Pearson Product Moment Correlation, ANOVA, Tukey multiple comparison and t test method. As a result of the research, a positive and low correlation was found between psychological resilience and forgiveness. Between gender and forgiveness, girls' scores were found more meaningful and higher than those of males. No significant meaningful correlation between psychological resilience and forgiveness level of the students engaged in team and individual sports was found. When the participants were examined in terms of the department they studied, no relationship with psychological stability was found. When the participants were examined in terms of the department they studied, the scores of the students of the coaching department were found to be higher in the forgiveness than those of the physical education and sports teacher.
Modulative effect of a new hydrazide derivative on wheat‐induced pulmonary inflammation in rats
Authors: Siddiqui Sara , Samra Malka M. , Nawaz Muhammad , Shahid Muhammad , Ramzan Ayesha , Athar Muhammad Makshoof , Basra Muhammad Asim Raza
Published: March 2019

New Findings

What is the central question of this study?

What is the mechanism of wheat‐induced pulmonary inflammation and how does a hydrazide derivative modulate it?

What is the main finding and its importance?

A hydrazide derivative significantly reduced wheat‐induced pulmonary inflammation in a rat model mainly by down‐regulating inflammatory cell infiltration, pathological lesions in the lungs and the level of pro‐inflammatory cytokines, COX‐1, COX‐2 and T‐cell proliferation.

We investigated the ameliorative anti‐inflammatory effect of a previously synthesized hydrazide derivative (N′‐(4‐methoxybenzylidene)‐6‐(4‐chlorophenyl)‐3‐methyl‐1‐phenyl‐1H‐pyrazolo[3,4‐b]pyridine‐4‐carbohydrazide; MD) as an immunomodulator in a newly developed allergen‐induced pulmonary inflammation (AIPI) rat model. Wheat and thresher dust were used as allergens to induce pulmonary inflammation while MD was used to reverse the inflammatory response. Blood and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were collected after killing the rats and inflammatory cells were counted. Histological analysis of lung airways was carried out by haematoxylin and eosin and periodic acid–Schiff staining while the level of total serum IgE, interleukin (IL)‐4, IL‐5 and cyclooxygenase (COX)‐1 in BALF and in vitro T‐cell proliferation in spleen were measured through enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. mRNA expression level of IL‐4, IL‐5, IL‐13, transforming growth factor β (TGF‐β), interferon‐γ, tumour necrosis factor α, COX‐1 and COX‐2 was evaluated by qRT‐PCR. A liver and kidney function test was used to observe any toxic impact of MD. The results indicated that 2 mg of wheat and thresher dust led to higher levels of inflammatory cytokines in the blood, BALF and lung airways of rats. MD potentially down‐regulated the inflammatory cell infiltration in BALF and pathological lesions in the lung airways of AIPI rats. MD significantly suppressed the elevated total serum IgE, along with IL‐4, IL‐5, IL‐13, TGF‐β, COX‐1 and COX‐2 mRNA expression and T‐cell proliferation in spleen. In conclusion, MD at 10 mg kg−1 exhibited a significant reduction in all the markers in both wheat‐ and thresher dust‐induced pulmonary inflammation mainly by inhibiting pro‐inflammatory cytokine production and T‐cell proliferation. The data suggest that inhibition of the T‐cell response may be responsible for the modulative effect of MD in an AIPI rat model.
Simultaneous Extraction of Clean Coal and Rare Earth Elements From Coal Tailings Using Alkali-Acid Leaching Process
Authors: Kuppusamy Vinoth Kumar , Kumar Amit , Holuszko Maria
Published: March 2019

With the supply restriction from traditional rare earth deposits, alternative sources of rare earth elements (REEs) such as coal are being studied. The United States National Energy Technology Laboratory has identified US coal deposits as a potential source of rare earth elements. Several techniques such as physical separation, flotation, ion-exchange, agglomeration, and leaching are being evaluated for the successful exploitation of these elements from coal and its by-products. A previous study published in the Geoscience BC 2018 mineral report on the characterization of REE in the British Columbian coal samples have shown that a major portion of the rare earth in the run of mine coal reports to the middling and tailing streams. Hence, this study is focused on the extraction of the rare earth from coal tailings. Several studies have shown the use of an alkali-acid leaching process to successfully demineralize various high ash coals to produce a clean coal concentrate since the ash-bearing components such as clay and quartz were removed from the coal during this process. In this study, the alkali-acid leach process was adopted to chemically clean coal tailings as well as to extract rare earth elements. Different process parameters such as sodium hydroxide (NaOH) concentration, temperature, and time were studied. Results showed that it is possible to extract more than 85% of REE with this process and simultaneously produce clean coal from coal tailing.
Wave of horse deaths on famed racetrack poses puzzle
Authors: Lesté-Lasserre Christa
Published: March 2019

Scientists suspect track surface at Santa Anita may be to blame, but tests have come up empty so far.
Societies take a stand against harassment with new initiative
Authors: Ham Becky
Published: March 2019

Attendees propose actions to make science safer and more diverse
Mean-field dynamics for mixture condensates via Fock space methods
Authors: de Oliveira Gustavo , Michelangeli Alessandro
Published: March 2019

We consider a mean-field model to describe the dynamics of [Formula: see text] bosons of species one and [Formula: see text] bosons of species two in the limit as [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] go to infinity. We embed this model into Fock space and use it to describe the time evolution of coherent states which represent two-component condensates. Following this approach, we obtain a microscopic quantum description for the dynamics of such systems, determined by the Schrödinger equation. Associated to the solution to the Schrödinger equation, we have a reduced density operator for one particle in the first component of the condensate and one particle in the second component. In this paper, we estimate the difference between this operator and the projection onto the tensor product of two functions that are solutions of a system of equations of Hartree type. Our results show that this difference goes to zero as [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] go to infinity.
Energy levels of one-dimensional anharmonic oscillator via neural networks
Authors: Mutuk Halil
Published: March 2019

In this work, we obtained energy levels of one-dimensional quartic anharmonic oscillator by using neural network system. Quartic anharmonic oscillator is a very important tool in quantum mechanics and also in the quantum field theory. Our results are in good agreement in high accuracy with the reference studies.
Models prediction of hadrons production ratios in pp collisions at s = 7 TeV
Authors: Ajaz M. , Bilal M. , Ali Y. , Suleymanov M. K. , Khan K. H.
Published: March 2019

The pseudorapidity [Formula: see text] dependence of charged-particles ratios in three transverse momentum [Formula: see text] regions, obtained by hadron production models, in proton–proton collisions at 7 TeV are compared with the measurements of LHCb detector. Compared to the experimental data, the [Formula: see text] ratios are independent of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] and are very well predicted by all models (DPMJETIII, EPOS1.99, EPOS-LHC, HIJING1.383, QGSJETII-04 and Sibyll2.3c). All models predict the [Formula: see text] ratio at low [Formula: see text] for [Formula: see text], but underestimate afterward while reproducing the experimental data at medium and high [Formula: see text] very well. The [Formula: see text] ratio is described by the models very well at high [Formula: see text] in the low and medium [Formula: see text] region. At high [Formula: see text], models predict the experimental data well, except Sibyll2.3c that slightly overestimates. The [Formula: see text] ratio is predicted by EPOS1.99, HIJING and Sibyll at low [Formula: see text] and EPOS-LHC, EPOS1.99 and Sibyll predicted at high [Formula: see text] for low [Formula: see text]. For medium [Formula: see text], EPOS1.99 and Sibyll predict very well for [Formula: see text] while EPOS-LHC and HIJING models reproduce the data for [Formula: see text]. All models underpredict the [Formula: see text] ratio for [Formula: see text]. For the [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] ratios, only Sibyll and EPOS1.99 models could reproduce some regions of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. None of the models satisfactorily predict all the ratios. the same particle ratios are well described by most of the models while the discrepancies occur mostly in predicting the different particles ratios.
Study of level density and reaction cross-sections in Thorium isotopes
Authors: Ummukulsu Erumban , Ashok Nithu , Joseph Antony
Published: March 2019

A theoretical study of nuclear level density of Thorium nuclei that exist on and off the beta-stability line is carried out using Talys 1.6. The level density parameter a and spin cut-off factor [Formula: see text] for Thorium isotopes [Formula: see text]Th are estimated. The values of both these parameters decrease towards the neutron drip line and the proton drip line. Cross-sections for [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] reactions for Thorium isotopes are also calculated. The estimated and experimental values of cross-sections for [Formula: see text]Th are comparable. These evaluated data are useful in understanding the mechanism of nuclear reactions taking place under extreme conditions including those in nucleosynthesis.
AdS/CFT and its proof
Authors: Ortíz Leonardo
Published: March 2019

In this paper, we examine some structural aspects of the AdS/CFT such as the way of obtaining the expectation value of product of operators of the CFT, and ideas that should be considered when a proof of AdS/CFT is under consideration.
Fuzzy 2D Linear Discriminant Analysis Based on Sub-image and Random Sampling for Face Recognition
Authors: Zhang Xingrui , Zhu Yulian , Chen Xiaohong
Published: March 2019

Face recognition, as a research hot topic, still faces many challenges. This paper proposes a new face recognition method by fusing the advantages of fuzzy set theory, sub-image method and random sampling technique. In this method, we partition an original image into some sub-images to improve the robustness to different facial variations, and extract local features from each sub-image by using fuzzy 2D-Linear Discriminant analyzis (LDA) which makes use of the class information hidden in neighbor samples. In order to increase the diversity of component classifiers and retain as much as the structural information of the row vectors, we further randomly sample row vectors from each sub-image before performing fuzzy 2D-LDA. Experimental results on Yale A, ORL, AR and Extended Yale B face databases show its superiority to other related state-of-the-art methods on the different variations such as illumination, occlusion and facial expression. Furthermore, we analyze the diversity of our proposed method by virtue of Kappa diversity-error analyzis and frequency histogram and results show that the proposed method can construct more diverse component classifiers than other methods.
Parameter Matching Analysis of Hydraulic Hybrid Bergepanzers Based on RBF-Adaptive Artificial Immune Algorithm
Authors: Ning Chuming , Chao Zhiqiang , Li Huaying , Han Shousong
Published: March 2019

Due to the multiple types of support tasks and high-energy efficiency equipment, energy saving research in a Bergepanzer has attracted much attention in recent years. A hydraulic hybrid system is an effective way for these problems of Bergepanzers. The initial problem is to optimize the parameter optimization-matching for a new hydraulic hybrid Bergepanzers (NHHB), which is a relatively complex and variable time-varying nonlinear system. In this paper, an RBF-adaptive artificial immune algorithm (RBF&AAIA) is presented to solve the parameter optimization-matching problem, and the performance of algorithm is analyzed. Finally, the RBF&AAIA is successfully used for the NHHB to optimize the parameters of key components for the minimum energy consumption of system, and the optimal parameter matching group is obtained.
Calculation of charge form factor of elastic electron scattering based on Skyrme force and relativistic eikonal approximation
Authors: Guo Xiaoyong , Wang Zaijun , Li Tianjing , Liu Jian
Published: March 2019

We construct a scheme to calculate the charge form factors for the elastic electron scattering. Our calculation is based on the relativistic eikonal approximation and the Skyrme–Hartree–Fock equation. To perform our calculation and benchmark the results, eight model nuclei with available experimental data: [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], and [Formula: see text] are considered. For the comparison, the charge form factors calculated by the relativistic mean-field (RMF) model are also provided. Parameter set SLy5 is utilized for the Skyrme force, and the set NL3 is applied for the RMF model. It has been confirmed that combining of a nonrelativistic treatment for the target nucleus with a relativistic treatment for the incident electron may work better to reach highly descriptive and predictive results similar to the pure relativistic treatment. The results of this work are also useful for future experiments to test different inputs of densities for a specific nucleus.
CONTROLLED MORPHOLOGICAL EVOLUTIONS OF SILVER FILMS ON COMPLIANT SUBSTRATES BY TUNING MECHANICAL STRAIN
Authors: SUN YADONG , YU SENJIANG , DU YAOPENG , ZHOU HONG , CHEN MIAOGEN
Published: March 2019

Controlled surface morphologies of stiff films on compliant substrates possess a variety of applications, ranging from stretchable electronics, surface engineering to biomimics. Here, we report on the morphological evolutions of silver films deposited on prestretched compliant PDMS substrates by tuning the film strain in unloading, reloading and further stretching processes. It is found that the silver films generate transverse (perpendicular to the loading direction) wrinkles and longitudinal (parallel to the loading direction) cracks during the unloading process. On the contrary, longitudinal wrinkles and transverse cracks can be observed during the further stretching process. The morphological characteristics, evolution behaviors and mechanical mechanisms of the crack and wrinkle patterns are investigated in detail. The report in this work could promote a better understanding of the morphological evolutions of stiff films on compliant substrates by tuning the mechanical strain.
FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF EQUIVALENT STRESS INDUCED BY SURFACE PUNCHING SEVERE DEFORMATION AIMED AT ALLOYING ON LOW-CARBON STEEL
Authors: MAO XIANGYANG , SUN JIANYU , WANG HONGXING , ZHAO XIUMING , WANG ZHANGZHONG
Published: March 2019

The punching severe deformation is a recently developed surface treatment that forms alloying by inducing a greater compressive equivalent stress field. Despite its proven utility, there has been little attention devoted to the accurate modeling of this process. In this work, a 3D-DEFORM finite element analysis was used to model the equivalent stress distribution induced by the punching process on a low-carbon steel surface. A majority of the controlling parameters of the process were taken into account. The effect of punching number, punching tip size, punching velocity and punching pressure on the equivalent stress distribution was evaluated. The results show that an equivalent stress distribution much higher than the conventional surface severe deformation can be obtained by optimizing the punching severe deformation process. The reported simulation results can successfully predict the punching severe deformation used to create an alloying layer on the surface of low-carbon steel.
Second-Price All-Pay Auctions and Best-Reply Matching Equilibria
Authors: Umbhauer Gisèle
Published: March 2019

The paper studies second-price all-pay auctions — wars of attrition — in a new way, based on classroom experiments and Kosfeld et al.’s best-reply matching (BRM) equilibrium. Two players fight over a prize of value [Formula: see text], and submit bids not exceeding a budget [Formula: see text]; both pay the lowest bid and the prize goes to the highest bidder. The behavior probability distributions in the classroom experiments are strikingly different from the mixed Nash equilibrium (NE). They fit with BRM and generalized best-reply matching (GBRM), an ordinal logic according to which, if bid A is the best response to bid B, then A is played as often as B. The paper goes into the GBRM logic, highlights the role of focal values and discusses the high or low payoffs this logic can lead to.
Bond Energy in Nanostructured Water
Authors: Volchek S. A. , Petrovich V. A. , Granko S. V. , Serenkov V. Yu. , Yakovtseva V. A.
Published: March 2019

Monitoring of loss tangent is shown to be a sensitive method allowing control of energy bonds between molecular species in water.
Nonlinear viscous cosmological models in f(R,T) gravity
Authors: Debnath Partha Sarathi
Published: March 2019

This article presents nonlinear viscous cosmological model of the universe that arises in the modified gravity theory in which the Lagrangian of the gravitational action contains a general function [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] denote the curvature scalar and the trace of the energy–momentum tensor, respectively, in the flat Friedmann-Robertson-Walker background metric with isotropic fluid. We obtain cosmological solutions in [Formula: see text] theory of gravity, specially for the choice [Formula: see text] with nonlinear viscosity described by nonlinear Israel Stewart theory. The physical and geometrical properties of the models in [Formula: see text] gravity, where [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] are coupling parameters, with nonlinear Israel Stewart theory are studied in detail. The analysis of the variation of bulk viscous pressure, energy density, scale factor, Hubble parameter and deceleration parameter with cosmic evolution is done in the nonlinear Israel Stewart theory with [Formula: see text] gravity. The stability analysis of the equilibrium points of the dynamical system associated with the exponential evolution of the universe in [Formula: see text] gravity theory with nonlinear dissipative effects is also studied.
Symmetry reductions, exact solutions, stability analysis and conservation laws of time-fractional Sharma–Tasso–Olever equation
Authors: Zhang Youwei
Published: March 2019

In this paper, Lie group analysis method is applied to consider a vector field and symmetry reductions for time-fractional Sharma–Tasso–Olver equation, exact hyperbolic wave solutions, power series solutions and its convergence are investigated. Stability and boundedness analysis of trivial solution to the reduced ordinary differential equation is shown by constructing appropriate Lyapunov function. Conservation laws of the equation are well constructed with a detailed derivation making use of Noether’s operator.
Synthesis and photo-bactericidal properties of a cationic porphyrin grafted onto kraft pulp fibers
Authors: Khaldi Zineb , Nzambe Takeki Jean K. , Ouk Tan-Sothea , Lucas Romain , Zerrouki Rachida
Published: March 2019

With the increased risk of infectious disease transmissions, photodynamic inactivation of some microorganisms for antimicrobial applications has been extensively studied in recent years. In this article, we describe the synthesis of novel photo-bactericidal materials by grafting propargylated 5,10,15,20-tetra(4-pyridyl)porphyrin on kraft pulp fibers. The grafting was carried out by a Huisgen’s 1,3-dipolar azide-alkyne cycloaddition reaction. This material has been investigated for its antibacterial properties against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. An interesting photo-bactericidal activity was shown: this material can be used to limit the growth of bacteria on surfaces and the formation of biofilms.
Stability analysis of a deterministic model of Zika/Dengue co-circulation
Authors: Binder Mike , Pilyugin Sergei S.
Published: March 2019

We consider a deterministic model of Zika and Dengue viruses co-circulating in a human population. We study the system of differential equations modeling the dynamics of the diseases that can either be transmitted directly (host-to-host) or indirectly (host-vector-host). We use an SIR model for hosts and an SI model for vectors in the homogeneous populations. The stability of the model has been analyzed both qualitatively and quantitatively.
Synthesis of nitrogen-doped porous carbon with superior performance as efficient supercapacitor electrodes from hazardous oily sludge waste
Authors: Li Xiaoyu , Wang Zhenbo , Zhang Mingyang , Li Bin , Gong Zhiqiang , Liu Peikun
Published: March 2019

Nitrogen-doped porous carbon (NPC) for high-performance supercapacitors has been synthesized from oily sludge waste by using KOH activation combined with in situ nitrogen doping method. The NPC possesses a hierarchical porous structure with high surface area of 2514.7[Formula: see text]m2[Formula: see text]g[Formula: see text], large pore volume of 2.383[Formula: see text]cm3 g[Formula: see text] and nitrogen content of 4.32%. The NPC-based electrode can deliver an outstanding capacitance of 414.2[Formula: see text]F[Formula: see text]g[Formula: see text] at 0.5[Formula: see text]A[Formula: see text]g[Formula: see text] and a good capacitance rate performance of 307.5[Formula: see text]F[Formula: see text]g[Formula: see text] (74.2% retention) at 50[Formula: see text]A[Formula: see text]g[Formula: see text]. Moreover, the NPC exhibits an excellent cycling stability with little loss of capacitance after 5000 cycles at 5[Formula: see text]A[Formula: see text]g[Formula: see text].
Normalized algebraic connectivity of graphs
Authors: Liu Hongjuan , Li Honghai
Published: March 2019

Let [Formula: see text] be the second smallest normalized Laplacian eigenvalue of a graph [Formula: see text], called the normalized algebraic connectivity of [Formula: see text]. In this paper, we study the relation between the normalized algebraic connectivity of the coalescence of two graphs and that of these two graphs. Furthermore, we investigate how the normalized algebraic connectivity behaves when the graph is perturbed by relocating pendent edges.
Rhomboidal C4C8 toris which are Cayley graphs
Authors: Afshari F. , Maghasedi M.
Published: March 2019

A [Formula: see text] net is a trivalent decoration made by alternating squares [Formula: see text] and octagons [Formula: see text]. It can cover either a cylinder or a torus. In this paper, we determine rhomboidal [Formula: see text] toris which are Cayley graphs.
North Korea in 2018: Nuclear Charm Offensives
Authors: YUAN Jingdong
Published: March 2019

The year 2018 saw a reduction in tensions on the Korean Peninsula and one of active diplomacy and summitry, including a historic meeting between North Korean President Kim Jong-un and US President Donald Trump. However, the momentum had stalled due to different interpretations of the denuclearisation pledge and divergent priorities between the two countries. China remains a key player as Pyongyang and Washington contest over the substance and processes of difficult negotiations ahead.
Recent Advances in Nanotechnology for Breast Cancer Therapy
Authors: Qin Jingwen , Lian Junjiang , Wu Shengming , Wang Yilong , Shi Donglu
Published: March 2019

Breast cancer is one of the most critical threats to women worldwide. The incidence and mortality of breast cancer are as high as 24.2% and 15%, respectively, ranking first in female malignant tumors. Although the main treatments for breast cancer include surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, side effects and drug resistance are the main problems in conventional chemotherapy. In recent years, nanotechnologies have offered high potentials in cancer therapeutics due to unique physicochemical and biological properties of nanomaterials. The outcomes of nanomaterials research have shown effective solutions to critical issues that have not been well addressed by conventional medicine. In this review paper, we introduce the latest progress of nanotechnology in the treatment of breast cancer.
Effect of Cl doping amount on the microstructure, photovoltaic properties and ferroelectric properties of Bi-based lead-free perovskite
Authors: Zhang Shilong , Xu Ruicheng , Li Zhendong , Zhang Qianwei , Cheng Li , Wang Zhenhua , Fu Chunlin
Published: March 2019

Organic–inorganic hybrid perovskites with 3D perovskite structure have gained much attention as light harvesting materials in thin-film photovoltaics. This is because of their outstanding light-absorption characteristics, charge-transport dynamics and their simple processability using lab-scale solution and vapor phase deposition techniques. However, the inherent instability and lead toxicity of lead-based PSCs are the major problems at present. Recent studies have shown that the (CH3NH[Formula: see text]Bi2I9 (MBI) 0D bismuth-based compound can be used as an optical absorption layer in solar cells.

In this paper, the (CH3NH[Formula: see text]Bi2I9 was doped with Cl− and a series of (CH3NH[Formula: see text]Bi2I[Formula: see text]Clx films were prepared. The effects of different doping amounts on the microstructure, photovoltaic properties and ferroelectric properties were systematically investigated. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Atomic force microscope (AFM) analysis showed that with the increase of doping content, the density of the films increased and the roughness decreased. The photoelectric conversion efficiency of (CH3NH[Formula: see text]Bi2I[Formula: see text]Clx raises with the increase of doping content. For example, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of (CH3NH[Formula: see text]Bi2I3Cl6 is 0.473%. We find that the leakage current descends into the increase in doping content, which may be due to the increase in the film density and the decrease of porosity. These research results have a positive effect on the development of Bi-based lead-free perovskite.