bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enhancing Security of Mobile Cloud Computing by Trust- and Role-Based Access Control
Authors: Abdul Arif Mohammad , Mohammad Arshad Ahmad Khan , Venkat Reddy P. , Nuthakki Praveena , Kancharla Rakesh , Joshi Rahul , Kannaiya Raja N.
Published: September 2022

The tremendous development in mobile technology attracts users’ attention. Thus, the users are shifting from traditional computational devices to smartphones and tablets, and because of that, mobile devices have anticipated most of the global IP traffic. However, mobile device’s resource-constrained behaviour cannot handle the heavy computational load. Mobile cloud computing (MCC) mitigates resource-constrained issues by enabling computing resources with minimal effort. However, providing security in MCC is an obstacle due to users’ uncertain and dynamic behaviour and the explosion of online computerized data. Providing security, confidentiality, and authentication is not enough in MCC; therefore, the users need authorization. Thus, the paper designs an access control mechanism by computing the trust based on the user’s uncertain behaviour. This mechanism mitigates the malicious actions caused by authenticated users. Performance results indicate that the access control mechanism accurately detects and mitigates malicious users from the MCC environment.
Loss of MLL Induces Epigenetic Dysregulation of Rasgrf1 to Attenuate Kras-Driven Lung Tumorigenesis
Authors: Zhu Ling-Yu , Yuan Jun-Bo , Zhang Li , He Chun-Xiao , Lin Xiao , Xu Bin , Jin Guang-Hui
Published: September 2022

Menin is necessary for the formation of the menin/mixed lineage leukemia (MLL) complex and is recruited directly to chromatin. Menin is an important tumor suppressor in several cancer types, including lung cancer. Here, we investigated the role of MLL in menin-regulated lung tumorigenesis. Ablation of MLL suppressed KrasG12D-induced lung tumorigenesis in a genetically engineered mouse model. MLL deficiency decreased histone H3 lysine 4 trimethylation (H3K4me3) and subsequently suppressed expression of the Ras protein-specific guanine nucleotide-releasing factor 1 (Rasgrf1) gene. Rasgrf1 was essential for the GTP-bound active state of Kras and the activation of Kras downstream pathways as well as their cancer-promoting activities. MI-3, a small-molecule inhibitor targeting MLL, specifically inhibited the growth of Kras-mutated lung cancer cells in vitro and in vivo with minimal effect on wild-type Kras lung cancer growth. Together, these results demonstrate a novel tumor promoter function of MLL in mutant Kras-induced lung tumorigenesis and further indicate that specific blockade of the MLL-Rasgrf1 pathway may be a potential therapeutic strategy for the treatment of tumors containing Kras mutations.

Significance:

Activation of mutant Kras is dependent on MLL-mediated epigenetic regulation of Rasgrf1, conferring sensitivity to small-molecule inhibition of MLL in Kras-driven lung cancer.
Risk of Colorectal Cancer and Colorectal Cancer Mortality Beginning Ten Years after a Negative Colonoscopy, among Screen-Eligible Adults 76 to 85 Years Old
Authors: Dalmat Ronit R. , Ziebell Rebecca A. , Kamineni Aruna , Phipps Amanda I. , Weiss Noel S. , Breslau Erica S. , Corley Douglas A. , Green Beverly B. , Halm Ethan A. , Levin Theodore R. , Schottinger Joanne E. , Chubak Jessica
Published: September 2022

Background:

Few empirical data are available to inform older adults’ decisions about whether to screen or continue screening for colorectal cancer based on their prior history of screening, particularly among individuals with a prior negative exam.

Methods:

Using a retrospective cohort of older adults receiving healthcare at three Kaiser Permanente integrated healthcare systems in Northern California (KPNC), Southern California (KPSC), and Washington (KPWA), we estimated the cumulative risk of colorectal cancer incidence and mortality among older adults who had a negative colonoscopy 10 years earlier, accounting for death from other causes.

Results:

Screen-eligible adults ages 76 to 85 years who had a negative colonoscopy 10 years earlier were found to be at a low risk of colorectal cancer diagnosis, with a cumulative incidence of 0.39% [95% CI, 0.31%–0.48%) at 2 years that increased to 1.29% (95% CI, 1.02%–1.61%) at 8 years. Cumulative mortality from colorectal cancer was 0.04% (95% CI, 0.02%–0.08%) at 2 years and 0.46% (95% CI, 0.30%–0.70%) at 8 years.

Conclusions:

These low estimates of cumulative colorectal cancer incidence and mortality occurred in the context of much higher risk of death from other causes.

Impact:

Knowledge of these results could bear on older adults’ decision to undergo or not undergo further colorectal cancer screening, including choice of modality, should they decide to continue screening.

See related commentary by Lieberman, p. 6
Intraperitoneal Monocytes plus IFNs as a Novel Cellular Immunotherapy for Ovarian Cancer: Mechanistic Characterization and Results from a Phase I Clinical Trial
Authors: Green Daniel S. , Ning Franklin , Duemler Anna , Myers Timothy G. , Trewhitt Kathryn , Ekwede Irene , McCoy Ann , Houston Nicole , Lee Jung-min , Lipkowitz Stanley , Zimmer Alexandra , Pavelova Miroslava , Villanueva Erin N. , Smith Leslie , Blakely Andrew , Casablanca Yovanni , Highfill Steven L. , Stroncek David F. , Collins-Johnson Naoza , Panch Sandhya , Procter JoLynn , Pham Chauha , Korrapati Soumya , Holland Steven M. , Rosen Lindsey B. , Nunes Ana T. , Zoon Kathryn C. , Cole Christopher B. , Annunziata Christina M.
Published: September 2022

Purpose:

Ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynecologic cancer and intrinsically resistant to checkpoint immunotherapies. We sought to augment innate immunity, building on previous work with IFNs and monocytes.

Patients and Methods:

Preclinical experiments were designed to define the mechanisms of cancer cell death mediated by the combination of IFNs α and γ with monocytes. We translated these preclinical findings into a phase I trial of autologous IFN-activated monocytes administered intraperitoneally to platinum-resistant or -refractory ovarian cancer patients.

Results:

IFN-treated monocytes induced caspase 8–dependent apoptosis by the proapoptotic TRAIL and mediated by the death receptors 4 and 5 (DR4 and DR5, respectively) on cancer cells. Therapy was well tolerated with evidence of clinical activity, as 2 of 9 evaluable patients had a partial response by RECIST criteria, and 1 additional patient had a CA-125 response. Upregulation of monocyte-produced TRAIL and cytokines was confirmed in peripheral blood. Long-term responders had alterations in innate and adaptive immune compartments.

Conclusions:

Given the mechanism of cancer cell death, and the acceptable tolerability of the clinical regimen, this platform presents a possibility for future combination therapies to augment anticancer immunity.

See related commentary by Chow and Dorigo, p. 299
Absolute Lymphocyte Count as an Independent Prognostic Factor in Metastatic Breast Cancer: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Sawa Aya , Bando Hiroko , Kamohara Reina , Takeuchi Naoto , Terasaki Azusa , Okazaki Mai , Iguchi-Manaka Akiko , Hara Hisato
Published: September 2022

Introduction: Recently, absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) have been reported to be prognostic and/or predictive factors in breast cancer. However, most of the investigations on the relationship between systemic inflammatory markers and prognosis have been conducted perioperatively, with few studies reporting on patients with metastatic or recurrent breast cancer (MBC). Here, we investigated the role of ALC and NLR as prognostic factors of MBC. Methods: This was a retrospective observational study of patients with MBC treated at the University of Tsukuba Hospital between 2013 and 2020. ALC and NLR clinical data were obtained from the patients’ charts. Based on the previous reports, the cutoff value of ALC was set at 1,500/µL and that of NLR, at 3. We investigated the prognostic significance of ALC and NLR. Results: About 80% of the 243 included patients were hormone receptor-positive, 20% were HER2-positive, and 10% were triple negative. The patients were grouped as follows: 114 (46.9%) and 129 (53.1%) in the high and low ALC groups and 145 (59.7%) and 98 (40.3%) in the high and low NLR groups, respectively. The group with high ALC at diagnosis of MBC showed significantly better prognosis (p = 0.002), and the median overall survival (OS) was 70.9 months, as compared with 40.2 months for the low ALC group. On multivariate analysis, visceral metastasis, subtype, and ALC were independent variables for OS; the NLR status was not correlated with OS. Conclusions: Analysis of real-world data suggests that ALC at diagnosis of MBC is an independent prognostic factor.
A representação da catástrofe pelo entretenimento
Authors: Ferreira Maria da Conceição da Rocha
Published: September 2022

Este artigo explora acontecimentos de impacto social amplo, como as tragédias causadas por acidentes de origem nuclear, que têm sua carga emocional explorada por diversas montagens fílmicas, com o objetivo de expor o interesse da indústria do entretenimento na exploração de grandes tragédias mundiais. A proposta também é de investigar o que a ficção acrescenta de apelo ao público que a consome como uma forma de divertimento. Para isso, analisamos a minissérie Chernobyl, da HBO, pois, independentemente dos traços de espetáculo que possa apresentar, a representação da tragédia como forma de redenção do passado pode justificar o sucesso dessas formas de produção, que dramatizam a catástrofe real em busca de compreendê-la. Conclui-se que, apesar disso, este talvez não seja o gênero ideal para a educação científica da população e o despertar de seu senso crítico.
Extracellular Vesicles Regulate Sympatho-Excitation by Nrf2 in Heart Failure
Authors: Tian Changhai , Gao Lie , Rudebush Tara L. , Yu Li , Zucker Irving H.
Published: September 2022

Background:

Chronic heart failure (CHF) is associated with redox imbalance. Downregulation of Nrf2 (nuclear factor [erythroid-derived 2]-like 2) plays important roles in disrupting myocardial redox homeostasis and mediating sympathetic nerve activity in the setting of CHF. However, it is unclear if circulating extracellular vesicles (EVs) elicit sympathetic excitation in CHF by disrupting central redox homeostasis. We tested the hypothesis that cardiac-derived EVs circulate to the presympathetic rostral ventrolateral medulla and contribute to oxidative stress and sympathetic excitation via EV-enriched microRNA-mediated Nrf2 downregulation.

Methods:

Data were collected on rats with CHF post–myocardial infarction (MI) and on human subjects with ischemic CHF. EVs were isolated from tissue and plasma, and we determined the miRNAs cargo that related to targeting Nrf2 translation. We tracked the distribution of cardiac-derived EVs using in vitro labeled circulating EVs and cardiac-specific membrane GFP
+
transgenic mice. Finally, we tested the impact of exogenously loading of antagomirs to specific Nrf2-related miRNAs on CHF-EV–induced pathophysiological phenotypes in normal rats (eg, sympathetic and cardiac function).

Results:

Nrf2 downregulation in CHF rats was associated with an upregulation of Nrf2-targeting miRNAs, which were abundant in cardiac-derived and circulating EVs from rats and humans. EVs isolated from the brain of CHF rats were also enriched with Nrf2-targeting miRNAs and cardiac-specific miRNAs. Cardiac-derived EVs were taken up by neurons in the rostral ventrolateral medulla. The administration of cardiac-derived and circulating EVs from CHF rats into the rostral ventrolateral medulla of normal rats evoked an increase in renal sympathetic nerve activity and plasma norepinephrine compared with Sham-operated rats, which were attenuated by exogenously preloading CHF-EVs with antagomirs to Nrf2-targeting miRNAs.

Conclusions:

Cardiac microRNA-enriched EVs from animals with CHF can mediate crosstalk between the heart and the brain in the regulation of sympathetic outflow by targeting the Nrf2/antioxidant signaling pathway. This new endocrine signaling pathway regulating sympathetic outflow in CHF may be exploited for novel therapeutics.
Justice in Negotiating: How and Where to Find It and Use It
Authors: Zartman I. William
Published: September 2022

Conflict over justice is the basis of negotiation, as the parties search for an outcome that is just enough, both to be preferable to their initial, but unilaterally unreachable, priorities and to the alternative of continued conflict. They do this in preparation for negotiating the exchange or division of items contested between them; the parties come to an agreement on the notion of justice that will govern this disposition. If they do not, the negotiations will not be able to proceed to a conclusion. Conflicting notions of justice act as a substantive veto on agreement and must be coordinated and accepted as the first stage of negotiation. The resulting notion of justice constitutes a formula, general principles defining the nature of the process, including the nature of the problem and the terms of trade. Ten historical cases are considered.
Confidence in Pragmatism: An Invitation to Public Dialogue
Authors: Crump Julius
Published: September 2022

Richard Rorty’s idealization of public dialogue pits literature and narrative against objectivity and ethics, thus leaving non-intellectual practitioners in the lurch. The evolutionary arc of Rorty’s oeuvre merits an assessment of the historiography he uses to prevent figures like Michel Foucault and Cornel West from being full participants in public dialogue. Miranda Fricker’s account of the collective explains confidence and transparency in an ironized ethical tradition that mediates irony and objectivity. Fricker’s mediation positions West’s use of Foucault’s to re-narrate pragmatism as a way to embrace the process of rendering ethical experience universalizable. Ironized post-philosophical cultures can be explained responsibly by ironists within critically reflective ethical traditions. Confidence in pragmatism occurs when publics admit critical self-reflective inquiry from non-intellectuals.
An Updated Checklist of the Orchidaceae of Honduras
Authors: VEGA HERMES , CETZAL-IX WILLIAM , MÓ EDGAR , ROMERO-SOLER KATYA J. , BASU SAIKAT K.
Published: September 2022

A comprehensive compilation of all currently recognized orchid species known from Honduras is presented. The checklist includes 604 taxa in 145 genera; 595 species, two subspecies and seven natural hybrids. Orchidaceae represents 7% of the flora of country and continues to be the plant family with the highest number of species in Honduras. The most species rich genera in the country are Epidendrum (76 species), Lepanthes (28), Stelis (26), Prosthechea (21), Habenaria (19), and Malaxis (17). Regarding the habit, 74% of the taxa are epiphytes, 20% are terrestrial, 1.5% are hemiepiphytes, 1.5% are lithophytes and 3% can be terrestrial and epiphytic. Most of the botanical collections in Honduras were made by foreign researchers between the 1920s and 1970s. Among the orchid specimens available for the current study, 44% were deposited in national herbaria and 46% in herbaria in the United States of America. The departments with more than 100 voucher specimens each are Atlántida, Comayagua, Cortés, Francisco Morazán, Lempira, and Santa Bárbara. Only 7% of Protected Natural Areas have more than 121 voucher specimens, 70% has less than 120 specimens, and remaining 23% have no available records at all. In some cases they have poor accessibility and inadequate road infrastructure. Honduras has 10 endemic orchid species, three distributed in the Mosquito province, four in the Chiapas Highlands province, and three shared by both provinces. The number of orchid taxa known to occur in Honduras may continue to increase as additional collection efforts are made. This further helps to fill in the knowledge gaps on the distribution patterns of orchids and other plant groups in Central America.
A third species in the rare Australian ant genus Peronomyrmex Viehmeyer (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)
Authors: SHATTUCK STEVEN O.
Published: September 2022

A single specimen of the third species in the rare Australian ant genus Peronomyrmex, a member of the subfamily Myrmicinae, has been located in the collections of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts. This specimen was thought to have been lost and its species-level identification was uncertain. It is now known to represent a third species, here named P. greavesi, and confirms the presence of this genus in northern Queensland. The genus is now known from four specimens stretching from Victoria northwards to northern Queensland, a distance of over 2000 km.
Rivulus mahdiaensis, a new killifish from central Guyana (Cyprinodontiformes: Rivulidae)
Authors: SUIJKER W. H. , COLLIER G. E.
Published: September 2022

Rivulus mahdiaensis, new species, was found in a small creek, a tributary of the Potaro River, near Mahdia, central Guyana. Males differ from all other species of the genus Rivulus by possessing elongate anal and dorsal fins, and an extremely large and lyre-shaped caudal fin with long extensions. Females differ from other species of the genus, except for three closely related species, by the presence of a narrow, dark longitudinal band on the sides. R. mahdiaensis possesses a unique karyotype (2n=38) among members of this group. Comparison of mitochondrial DNA sequences place this species as a member of a monophyletic clade which includes other small species from the Guyana shield and adjacent areas of northeastern South America.Rivulus mahdiaensis, una nueva especie, se encontró en un pequeño arroyo tributario del Rio Potaro cercano a la localidad de Madhia , en la Guyana Central. Los machos difieren de todas las otras especies del género Rivulus por sus aletas anales y dorsales extremadamente largas y una aleta caudal en forma de lira con largos filamentos en sus extremos. Las hembras difieren de otras especies del Género , excepto por tres especies relacionadas, por la presencia de una estrecha y obscura banda longitudinal en ambos lados. R. mahdiaensis posee un único cariotipo (2n=38) entre los miembros de este grupo. Comparando la secuencia de DNA mitocondrial podemos situar a esta especie como un miembro de un clado monofilético que incluye otras pequeñas especies de la región de la Guyana y áreas vecinas del Noroeste de Sudamérica
Revision of Mesozoic Myodocopina (Ostracoda) and a new genus and species, Mesoleberis hollandica, from the Upper Cretaceous of Belgium and The Netherlands
Authors: KORNICKER LOUIS S. , VAN BAKEL BARRY W.M. , FRAAIJE RENÉ H.B. , JAGT JOHN W.M.
Published: September 2022

Although Paleozoic strata have produced many ostracode fossils in the suborder Myodocopina, which are also abundant in today’s seas, their record is extremely sparse in Mesozoic strata. A new genus and species of myodocopid, Mesoleberis hollandica, from the upper Maastrichtian (Upper Cretaceous) of the southeast Netherlands and nearby Belgium is described herein. In addition, brief supplementary descriptions and illustrations are presented of other Myodocopina that have been reported from Mesozoic deposits; many of those species are referred to different genera, and six are placed in the category “species nomina dubia.”
The Mycteridae, Boridae, Pythidae, Pyrochroidae, and Salpingidae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) of the Maritime Provinces of Canada. Zootaxa, 1250, 37–51. (ERRATUM)
Authors: MAJKA C.G.
Published: September 2022

In the article, figures 4 and 5 were unfortunately reversed. The legend for figure 4 (on page 44) corresponds with the map printed on page 45, and the legend for figure 5 (on page 45) corresponds with the map printed on page 44.
Descriptions of the eggs of some southern Australian Geometridae (Lepidoptera)
Authors: YOUNG CATHERINE J.
Published: September 2022

The eggs of 128 species in 67 genera of Australian Geometridae are described and illustrated using scanning electron micrographs and colour photographs. The Australian nacophorine eggs described in this study exemplified the diversity and heterogeneity of the group. On a wider scope, the egg characters of the Ennominae and Larentiinae also were found to be largely heterogeneous, in contrast to the relatively uniform egg characters of the Geometrinae, Oenochrominae s. str. and the Sterrhinae.
The Acentropinae and Musotiminae (Lepidoptera, Pyralidae) of the Galapagos Islands, Ecuador
Authors: LANDRY BERNARD , ROQUE-ALBELO LAZARO
Published: September 2022

The Acentropinae and Musotiminae (Lepidoptera, Pyralidae) are recorded for the Galapagos Islands, Ecuador for the first time. They are represented by one species each: Parapoynx fluctuosalis (Zeller, 1852) and Undulambia lindbladi Landry n. sp., respectively. The latter has been reared from the fern Pteridium aquilinum var. arachnoideum Herter (Polypodiaceae).
Taxonomic revision of the Palaearctic Tetramorium chefketi species complex (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)
Authors: CSÖSZ SÁNDOR , RADCHENKO ALEXANDER , SCHULZ ANDREAS
Published: September 2022

The taxonomic status of 10 species of the Palaearctic Tetramorium chefketi species complex is discussed, and several nomenclatural problems are clarified. Three new species, Tetramorium exile Cs_sz & Radchenko n. sp., T. sanetrai Schulz & Cs_sz n. sp., and T. anatolicum Cs_sz & Schulz n. sp. are described. Tetramorium caespitum var. sarkissiani Forel, 1911 n. syn., Tetramorium turcomanicum Santschi, 1921 n. syn., Tetramorium taurocaucasicum Arnoldi, 1968 n. syn. are synonymized with Tetramorium chefketi Forel 1911; T. biskrensis kahenae Menozzi, 1934, n. syn. is synonymized with T. alternans Santschi, 1929; T. karakalense Dlussky & Zabelin, 1985, n. syn. is synonymized with Tetramorium sulcinode Santschi, 1927. Three taxa, T. sulcinode Santschi, 1927, T. rhodium Emery, 1922 and T. annectens Pisarski, 1969 are revived from synonymy. Lectotypes of T. chefketi Forel, 1911 and its junior synonym T. caespitum var. sarkissiani Forel, 1911, T. sulcinode Santschi, 1927, T. alternans Santschi, 1929 and its junior synonym T. biskrensis kahenae Menozzi, 1934 are designated. Gynes and males of T. sulcinode, T. annectens and T. alternans are described for the first time. An identification key to the workers and gynes of the Palaearctic species of the chefketi species complex is given. Seventy-one SEM photos and two tables with metric characters are provided for workers and gynes of all discussed species.
Revision of the Australian stiletto fly genus Acatopygia Kröber (Diptera: Therevidae: Agapophytinae)
Authors: WINTERTON SHAUN L.
Published: September 2022

The endemic Australian stiletto fly genus Acatopygia Kröber is revised. Acatopygia pulchella Kröber and Acatopygia paradoxa (Kröber) are redescribed and a neotype for A. paradoxa designated. A new species, Acatopygia olivacea sp. nov., is described and a key to Acatopygia species is presented.
Stenelmis puberula Reitter (Coleoptera: Elmidae)—description of larva and its association with adults, using DNA sequences
Authors: ČIAMPOROVÁ-ZAÿOVIČOVÁ ZUZANA , ČIAMPOR FEDOR , KODADA JÁN
Published: September 2022

The mature larva of Stenelmis puberula Reitter is described for the first time, based on material collected in north-eastern Slovakia (Central Europe). The conspecificity with associated adults was tested using sequences of one nuclear (5' end of 18S rRNA) and three mitochondrial gene fragments (two fragments covering almost the whole cytochrome oxidase c subunit I; and a fragment of cytochrome b) with a total of ca. 2600 bp.
Non-marine Chersodromia Walker from Southeast Asia and Papua New Guinea (Diptera, Empidoidea, Hybotidae)
Authors: GROOTAERT PATRICK , CUMMING JEFFREY , SHAMSHEV IGOR
Published: September 2022

Two small species of Chersodromia Walker are described from lowland rain forest in Papua New Guinea and Thailand: C. flavicaput sp. nov. (Papua New Guinea, Thailand) and C. obscura sp. nov. (Thailand). The species are almost completely white, except for the contrastingly black eyes. Although the eyes touching on the face and wing venation suggest affinities with Nanodromia Grootaert, the extended gena, bristling on the apical half of the hind tibia and structure of the male genitalia indicate inclusion in Chersodromia. The new species represent the first non-marine Chersodromia reported from Southeast Asia and Papua New Guinea.
Toxoptera Koch (Hemiptera: Aphididae), a generic account, description of a new species from China, and keys to species
Authors: QIAO GEXIA , WANG JIANFENG , ZHANG GUANGXUE
Published: September 2022

The aphid genus Toxoptera Koch is reviewed. Toxoptera chaetosiphon sp. nov. is described from Camellia oleifera in Guangxi, China. Keys to known species of Toxoptera in China are provided. The type specimens studied are deposited in the Zoological Museum, Institute of Zoology, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China and the Natural History Museum, London, UK.
A new species of the flathead genus Onigocia (Teleostei: Platycephalidae) collected from the Coral and Tasman Seas
Authors: IMAMURA HISASHI , KNAPP LESLIE W.
Published: September 2022

A new species of platycephalid, Onigocia lacrimalis, is described on the basis of specimens collected from the Chesterfield Islands (Coral Sea) and Norfolk Ridge (Tasman Sea), at depths of 111–330 m. Onigocia lacrimalis differs from the six congeners of the genus in having 12–13 (usually 12) second dorsal-fin rays, 12 anal-fin rays, 21–25 pectoral-fin rays, 8 branched caudal-fin rays, anterior 2–4 scales of the lateral line with a spine, and a single preocular spine, and in lacking gill rakers on the upper arch, ocular and interopercular flaps, and distinct antrorse lachrymal spines.
A new species of fig-feeding Lonchaeidae (Diptera: Schizophora) from India and a checklist for the family in the Indian sub-continent
Authors: MACGOWAN IAIN , RAZAK NAKEER , ROTHERAY GRAHAM E. , AHMAD IRFAN
Published: September 2022

A new species of Lonchaeidae, Silba lashker sp. nov. is described from specimens reared from figs in Jammu and Kash-mir, India. The adult and larvae are described and comparisons are made with other species in the genus. A checklist forthe Indian sub-continent is provided which lists twenty four species in four genera including one new species and a furtherfour species recorded from the sub-continent for the first time. The family Lonchaeidae is reported for the first time from the biodiversity hotspot region of the Kashmir valley.
Cu(II) Coordination Complex: Anti-Thyroid Carcinoma Activity by Initiating Reactive Oxygen Species Accumulation and Inducing Cell Apoptosis
Authors: Zhong Lichang , Yang Tian , Lu Feng , Gu Liping
Published: September 2022

A mixed-donor ligand that shows pyrazole and carboxylic groups and a coordination complex that include Cu(II) has been created in the present study by mixing Hcppp with Cu(NO3)2 ·3H2O in water and DMF mixed solvent. The chemical formula of the
compound is [Cu2(cppp)2(Hcppp)2(H2O)2] ·2NO3 ·6H2O. Additionally, Complex 1’s inhibitory influence against the cell proliferation of K1 human thyroid carcinoma cells was explored via exploiting
the Cell Counting Kit-8 analysis. Annexin V-FITC/PI double staining analysis was finished to evaluate Complex 1’s mechanism, which induced the death of K1thyroid carcinoma cells. Moreover, the reactive oxygen species (ROS) analysis was implemented to determine the accumulation
of ROS in K1 thyroid carcinoma cells.
Antitumor Effect of Co-Loading Natural Active Compound of Okofuran (Usenamine) and Photosensitizer Nano-Liposomes
Authors: Song Xinyu , Yang Lingyi , Yang Yong
Published: September 2022

Objective: In this study, we developed a nano-liposome (LIP-RUA) to evaluate the in vitro anti-lung cancer activity. In this regard, nano-liposome co-loaded with photosensitizer (RB), upconverting nanoparticles (UCNPs), and natural active compound usenamine (ACU). Methods:
LIP-RUA was obtained by encapsulating ACU/RB/UCNPs by thin film dispersion method. The physicochemical properties were investigated by using an instrument; the efficiency of liposomes producing reactive oxygen species (ROS) was detected by SOSG probe; the uptake of LIP-RUA by A549 lung cancer
cells was observed by confocal microscopy. Results: The particle size of the prepared LIP-RUA was about 150 nm, the surface potential was about −12 mV, and the entrapment efficiency of RB and ACU reached 54.5% and 86.5%, respectively. Experimental tasks showed that LIP-RUA could
significantly improve the growth inhibitory effect of the drug on lung cancer cells, and the median effective inhibitory concentration (IC50) under laser irradiation was 15.33 μmol/L. Conclusion: LIP-RUA provides a new idea for the combination of photodynamic chemotherapy
for the treatment of lung cancer. The liposome platform is expected to enhance the in vivo penetration of photodynamic therapy and the combined effect of photodynamic chemotherapy.
Experimental Study on Antitumor Activity of Gold Nanoparticles-Assisted Delivery of PD-L1 SiRNA in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Zhang Yong , Gu Minwei
Published: September 2022

Objective: By delivering PD-L1 siRNA to A549 cells using nano-gold we tried to enhance the lymphocytes’ ability to inhibit the growth of non-small-cell lung cancer. Methods: In a one-step reaction, gold nanoparticles and PD-L1 siRNA were combined to form gold nanoparticles
and PD-L1 siRNA complexes. After incubation with A549 cells, PD-1 was detected by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) as well as immunohistochemical staining. Mouse xenografts were used to test the anti-tumor activity. It was found that using a gold nanoparticle-siRNA complex, we
were able to successfully reduce the expression of PD-L1 in A549 cells. The nano-gold-siRNA complex outperformed free siRNA after co-incubation with tumor cells. In vivo experiments show that nano-gold-siRNA is more effective at targeting tumor tissue and increasing T cells’ ability
to inhibit the A549 tumor than free siRNA. For this study, we found that the delivery of siRNA to tumors using a nano-gold nanoparticle enhances the ability of the siRNA to aggregate in tumors, which in turn enhances the ability of T lymphocytes to combat non-small cell lung cancer by enhancing
their anti-tumor activity. This nano-gold-PD-L1-siRNA complex may be a promising treatment for non-small cell lung cancer, according to preliminary results.
Aerosol Sampling and Detection by Magnetic Nanoparticle-Based Cyclone Methods
Authors: Tian Ying , Zhang Guocheng , Wu Yanqi , Chen Hui , Wu Dan , Liu Jiaqi , Li Yinglong , Shen Shangyi , Feng Duan , Pan Yiting , Li Jingjing
Published: September 2022

Bioaerosol transmission has received much attention as one of the significant ways of causing respiratory diseases. Therefore, studying bioaerosol sampling and detection is crucial. In this study, magnetic nanoparticles and cyclone sampling were combined to monitor pathogens in the
form of bioaerosol at low concentrations in the environment. Magnetic nanoparticles had obvious advantages in extracting bacterial nucleic acid, which could be purified and enriched in a short time. The influencing factors on the performance of the high-flow cyclone sampler were also explored.
The results showed that the high-flow cyclone sampler had good collection efficiency owing to high flow rate and small cutting size. Moreover, the sampling effect was better when the flow rate and the sampling time were set to 300 L/min and 20 min, which was probably due to desiccation effect,
impact stress, embedding, and particle rebound. The experimental results indicated that the cyclone aerosol sampling technology based on magnetic nanoparticles could even detect low concentration bioaerosol, providing a reference for using high-flow cyclone samplers in different applications.
Assessing the Efficacy of a Tumor Nanovaccine and Artificial Antigen Presenting Cell-Based System as a Combination Therapy in a Mouse Model of Melanoma
Authors: Song Shilong , Xu Hongbo , Yang Yan , Wan Qiangkun , He Bin , Cai Feng , Yin Hongmei , Zhou Yongchun , Jin Xiaoxiao , He Zelai
Published: September 2022

Tumor cell lysate (TCL)-based vaccines contain a large number of tumor-specific and related antigens, albeit at low levels, that require active transfer and presentation by antigen-presenting cells (APCs) in vivo, which stimulate a weak immune response. The artificial APC (aAPC)
system presented herein is a cell-based therapeutic system that can significantly enhance the immune response compared to TCL-based vaccines. This study combines these two treatment strategies to assess their in vitro and in vivo effects. We successfully prepared TCL-poly(lactic-co-glycolic
acid)-PEI (TPP) and demonstrated that it was phagocytosed by the APCs and enhanced the maturation of DCs in vitro. The use of TPP in combination with the aAPCs resulted in better antitumor effects compared to the individual therapies. The combination therapy induced a higher proportion
of CD4+ T, CD8+ T, and TRP2180–188-specific CD8+ T cells in comparison with the individual therapies. Additionally, the combination therapy enhanced the in vitro proliferation activity; greater inhibited regulatory T cells; and promoted
inflammatory cytokine secretion, while reduced the production of inhibitory cytokines. In conclusion, the combination therapy consisting of the TPP tumor nanovaccine and the aAPC system enabled a broader immune response and achieve better antitumor effects compared to treatment with the individual
therapies.
Localized Hyperthermia Induced by Biogenic Synthesized Manganese Oxide Nanoparticles from Cannabis Sativa for Glioblastoma Photothermal Therapy
Authors: Wang Xiaoyu , Chen Guanqun
Published: September 2022

Glioblastoma is one of the most aggressive and fast-growing types of cancers which required sophisticated and effective therapeutic methods. In this work, we synthesized manganese oxide nanoparticles (MnO2 NPs) using a green synthesis approach. In this process, an aqueous
extract of Cannabis sativa (CS) leaves was used as the reacting medium and reducing agent of manganese acetate. The characterizations showed that the synthesized NPs have a diameter of 25–35 nm and high purity. The thermal generating studies showed that the combination of the synthesized
biogenic MnO2 NPs with near-infrared laser (NIR, 808 nm) produce considerable heat in a concentration and power density-dependent manner. In vitro studies revealed that the NPs are cytocompatible in concentration up to 80 μg/mL and induce negligible toxicity (p
< 0.1). On the other hand, the treatment-induced considerably cell death on C6 glioma cells in an optimum concentration and generated heat (p < 0.05). This study showed the CS extract can synthesis MnO2 NPs and the synthesized NPs can be applied as the effective photothermal
agent.
THP-1 Cells Line Cytotoxicity, Antileishmanial Activity, Brine Shrimp Lethality and Characterization of Silver Nanoparticles Synthesized Using Anchusa arvensis Aqueous Extract
Authors: Ali Jamshed , Wahab Abdul , Fozia  , Shah Syed Majid , Gul Rukhsana , Gul Ahmad , Khan Amjad , Ahmad Ijaz , Khan Muhammad Imran , Tabassum Saira , Cordero Mary Anne W. , Alotaibi Amal
Published: September 2022

The current development was focused on environmentally friendly and cost-effective synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). This investigation aims to synthesize AgNPs using Anchusa arvensis aqueous plant extract. The characterization was confirmed by means of different techniques
including, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) Spectroscopy, and UV-visible analysis. The crystalline morphology of AgNPs is demonstrated by X-ray diffraction, with mean crystallite diameter ranges from 20–25 nm. The spherical
geometry of particles was revealed via SEM images. The FT-IR Spectroscopy confirmed that, aqueous extract of plant contains essentials phytoconstituents such as, O–H stretching vibration of carboxylic acid, C–H is the stretching vibration of alkane, C–O indicate the stretching
vibration of alcohol, C=C corresponds to stretching vibration of aromatic compounds, which were responsible for the formation of AgNPs. The synthesized nanoparticles were stable at temperatures up to 50 °C, as well as in neutral and basic pH, but were unstable at acidic pH. The synthesized
AgNPs had promising antileishmanial and THP-1 Cell line cytotoxic activity against Leishmanial promastigotes, with an averaged mortality (%) of 85.3±0.7% at IC50 values of 35.3±1.81 μg/mL and 65.3±0.7% with IC50 values of 45.3±1.81
μg/mL, respectively. The brine shrimp lethality of synthesized nanoparticles showed that the concentration greater than 200 μg/mL was biologically compatible.
Arenobufagin Enhances the Radiosensitivity of Cervical Cancer Cells by Inhibiting the NF-κB Signaling Pathway
Authors: Yang Lewei , Luo Xiaolin , Li Xuan , Sun Yuqin , Feng Yanling , Liu Jihong
Published: September 2022

Radiotherapy is among the main methods for treating cervical cancer; however, its therapeutic effect is limited by radioresistance. Thus, identifying effective drugs to overcome radioresistance is necessary. Arenobufagin, a bufadienolide compound, has been shown to exhibit anticancer
effects. The aim of this study was to clarify the effect of arenobufagin on the radiosensitivity of cervical cancer and to explore the potential molecular mechanisms. The roles of arenobufagin in the radiosensitivity of cervical cancer cells were examined using cytotoxicity assays, colony
formation assays, scratch tests, apoptosis assays, comet assays, and mouse models. The cervical cancer cells were irradiated after treatment with arenobufagin, and the extracted proteins were concentrated using nanoabsorbent microspheres. Western blotting was used to detect the expression
of NF-κB signal-related proteins in the proteins concentrated by nanoabsorbent microspheres. Arenobufagin inhibited cell proliferation, increased cell apoptosis, promoted DNA damage, and inhibited the growth of transplanted tumors; thus, the radiosensitivity of C33A cells was
enhanced. Mechanistically, we found that arenobufagin enhanced radiosensitivity by inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that arenobufagin enhanced the radiosensitivity of cervical cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. The underlying
mechanism might involve the inhibition of cell viability, an increase in DNA damage, and the induction of cell apoptosis by inhibiting the NF-κB pathway.
A Sea Surface–Based Drag Model for Large-Eddy Simulation of Wind–Wave Interaction
Authors: Aiyer Aditya K. , Deike Luc , Mueller Michael E.
Published: September 2022

Monin–Obukhov similarity theory (MOST) is a well-tested approach for specifying the fluxes when the roughness surfaces are homogeneous. For flow over waves (inhomogeneous surfaces), phase-averaged roughness length scales are often prescribed through models based on the wave characteristics and the wind speed. However, such approaches lack generalizability over different wave ages and steepnesses due to the reliance on model coefficients tuned to specific datasets. In this paper, a sea surface–based hydrodynamic drag model applicable to moving surfaces is developed to model the pressure-based surface drag felt by the wind due to the waves. The model is based on the surface gradient approach of Anderson and Meneveau applicable to stationary obstacles and extended here to the wind–wave problem. The wave drag model proposed specifies the hydrodynamic force based on the incoming momentum flux, wave phase speed, and the surface frontal area. The drag coefficient associated with the wind–wave momentum exchange is determined based on the wave steepness. The wave drag model is used to simulate turbulent airflow above a monochromatic wave train with different wave ages and wave steepnesses. The mean velocity profiles and model form stresses are validated with available laboratory-scale experimental data and show good agreement across a wide range of wave steepnesses and wave ages. The drag force is correlated with the wave surface gradient and out-of-phase with the wave height distribution by a factor of π/2 for the sinusoidal wave train considered. These results demonstrate that the current approach is sufficiently general over a wide parameter space compared to wave phase-averaged models with a minimal increase in computational cost.

Significance Statement

Understanding the physics of wind waves plays an important role in the context of numerous geophysical and engineering applications. A drag-based model is developed that characterizes the effect of the sea surface waves on the wind above. The model is validated with existing experimental datasets and is shown to be effective in predicting the average wind velocity and stress over waves with varied steepnesses and phase speeds. The ease of implementation and low computational cost of the model make it useful for studying turbulent atmospheric-scale flows over the sea surface important in offshore wind energy research as well as for modeling air–sea fluxes of momentum, heat, and mass.
Studies of Stable Stratification Effect on Dynamic and Thermal Roughness Lengths of Urban-Type Canopy Using Large-Eddy Simulation
Authors: Glazunov Andrey , Mortikov Evgeny , Debolskiy Andrey
Published: September 2022

Large-eddy simulations (LES) of neutrally and stably stratified turbulent flows over urban-type surfaces with relatively low plan area ratios are presented. Numerical experiments were performed for different shapes of streamlined objects and at different static stability. A new method for setting up a numerical experiment aimed at studying the heat and momentum transfer within the roughness layer and investigating the thermal and dynamic interaction between the turbulent flow and the surface as a whole has been proposed. This method enables us to obtain an equilibrium state for values of parameters determining the characteristics of the external turbulent flow chosen beforehand. A strong dependence of the thermal roughness length on stratification was found. We also discuss the physical mechanisms that lead to the maintenance of turbulence above the canopy when the ground surface is strongly cooled.

Significance Statement

Using LES, we identify a mechanism that contributes to the maintenance of turbulence in the atmospheric boundary layer under the condition of strong surface cooling. Although these results are obtained for an urban canopy, we believe that the qualitative conclusions should be general for a wide type of surfaces with large-scale roughness elements. We hope that the new results will be useful for improving surface flux schemes in NWP and climate atmospheric models that suffer from attenuated mixing in a very stable boundary layer and the effect of “surface decoupling.” The found effect gives a physically justified alternative way to parameterize the air–surface exchange under strong stability compared to the often ad hoc modification of the MOST universal functions.
Coordinated Enactment: How Organizational Departments Work Together to Implement CSR
Authors: Risi David , Wickert Christopher , Ramus Tommaso
Published: September 2022

Research on the implementation of corporate social responsibility (CSR) has revealed the critical role of CSR departments vis-à-vis functional departments. While both CSR and functional departments influence CSR implementation, the question of how they work together remains underexamined. We address this question by mobilizing and merging two complementary yet separate perspectives on CSR implementation: “coordination” and “enactment.” Building on a comparative case study involving seven large Swiss financial institutions that have established CSR departments and implemented CSR to varying extents, we inductively derive six courses of actions conducing to CSR implementation, involving both coordination and enactment. We distinguish between four courses of actions in the CSR departments ( centralizing, coalescing, orchestrating, and consulting) and two courses of actions in the functional departments ( decentralizing and tailoring). As our data suggest that coordination and enactment work in tandem, we capture these insights in a model of CSR implementation as coordinated enactment. Our research contributes to the literature by explaining how CSR departments and functional departments enact and simultaneously coordinate CSR at a particular implementation stage, thus illuminating how and why the variance in CSR implementation occurs.
Who Takes Music With Them When They Transition to High School?
Authors: Tucker Tevis L. , Winsler Adam
Published: September 2022

According to music educators, persistence beyond a student’s initial enrollment in middle and high school music is a problem; however, there has been little research to substantiate this claim. Although several recent large-scale, longitudinal studies of initial selection into music classes have been conducted, longitudinal studies on who persists (vs. quits) in music—especially from middle to high school—are overdue. We prospectively followed a large ( n = 3,393), ethnically diverse (62% Hispanic, 29% Black), predominately low-income (77% free/reduced-price lunch) sample of eighth-grade middle school music students to high school (ninth grade) to understand predictors of persistence. Overall, only 24.5% of students taking a music elective in eighth grade continued to do so in ninth grade (band = 20.4%, chorus = 21.8%, guitar = 12.3%, orchestra = 20.4%). Initially more academically competent students (higher eighth-grade grade point average and reading and math scores) and students with disabilities were more likely to persist with music from eighth to ninth grade. Predictors varied somewhat by music type. A multigroup analysis showed moderation across music types with respect to the effect of gender, gifted status, and math on music persistence (e.g., high math scores predict band but did not predict other music-type persistence). Implications for music educators and researchers are discussed.
FMI real-time co-simulation-based machine deep learning control of HVAC systems in smart buildings: Digital-twins technology
Authors: Mohseni Saeid-Reza , Zeitouni Meisam Jahanshahi , Parvaresh Ahmad , Abrazeh Saber , Gheisarnejad Meysam , Khooban Mohammad-Hassan
Published: September 2022

As heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems have become one of the most contributing systems in energy consumption in the world, the control of these large-scale systems remains a challenging duty due to the decoupling effects of control variables. Accordingly, the penetration of these types of systems in all-smart buildings has increased in recent years. Furthermore, the application of digital twin as a fast-growing concept is being developed. In HVAC systems, independent and accurate control of temperature and humidity of the indoor air has been playing an undeniable role in reducing energy consumption. In this paper, to have cost-effective energy management in a single-zone HVAC system, a new reliable digital twin proximal policy optimization (PPO)–based model-independent nonsingular terminal sliding-mode control (MINTSMC) methodology has been proposed. Moreover, due to the nonlinear characteristics of HVAC systems, MINTSMC tends to handle the un-modeled system dynamics and disturbances. For regulating parameters of proposed control, an efficient PPO algorithm has been developed due to its actor-critic-based reinforcement learning. Extensive examinations and comparative analyses with particle swarm optimization designed sliding-mode control and proportional–integral–derivative controller have been made using digital twin of the proposed controller to show the importance, accuracy, and application of this method in the comfort and energy management achievement of HVAC control systems. A digital signal processor computing device has been utilized for implementation by utilizing hardware-in-loop (HIL) in the concept of the digital twin. To determine the interface between established models, software-in-loop, and HIL, the Functional Mock-up Interface has been utilized. The outcomes revealed a superior performance of suggested digital twin-based controller than the compared control methodologies in the compensation of unknown uncertainties, fast-tracking, and smooth response.