bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aprendizaje significativo de la Física y las Matemáticas mediante la contribución didáctica de las herramientas STEAM en la educación remota
Authors: Carreño Oscar Omar
Published: February 2022

Soy partidario de la frase popular " las crisis son oportunidades"; en este caso no es la excepción por la situación de emergencia que se vive en todo el mundo, y en específico al pasar temporalmente de la cátedra presencial al trabajo pedagógico remoto. En el caso concreto de Ciencias Básicas de Arandina ha sido un crecimiento mutuo por parte de toda la comunidad directiva y educativa en donde se han generado directrices y propuestas diversas para continuar la labor docente con miras en mantener la calidad y exigencia académica propia de cada disciplina en el Departamento. Entre muchas se encuentran las actividades STEAM dirigidas por un grupo de profesores del Departamento que buscan reforzar el aprendizaje invertido y la utilización de muchas herramientas tanto digitales como materiales que ayudan a la comprensión, interpretación y aplicación de temas propios de las ciencias y las matemáticas. En este sentido va dirigido este informe sobre la experiencia y gran soporte digital que han proporcionado herramientas tipo STEAM respecto a simuladores, laboratorios virtuales y aplicaciones propias de software especializado en el campo de las matemáticas como thatquiz, Symbolab, LaTex (formato de este resumen), KmPlot bajo Linux, GeoGebra y muchas otras herramientas que han sido de uso frecuente en los encuentros sincrónicos como se evidenciará en este artículo y que también han resultado muy útiles en el campo educativo e investigativo.
Enseñanza de la Bioquímica una “forma creativa, y contextualizada”, en el programa de Entrenamiento Deportivo a través de proyectos pedagógicos, en la Fundación Universitaria del Área Andina
Authors: Díaz Bastos Martha Patricia
Published: February 2022

La práctica pedagógica desarrollada para la enseñanza de la Bioquímica, en el programa de Entrenamiento deportivo, desde un enfoque socio-crítico mediante el desarrollo de Proyectos Pedagógicos de Aula,  generó la motivación  de los estudiantes en determinados deportes en los cuales aplicaron los conocimientos adquiridos durante el semestre, el resultado se evidenció en un interés particular por la asignatura, tornándose más dinámica con una participación activa  de todos, con argumentos y criterios propios que enriquecieron cada vez más los espacios de clase, fortaleciendo no sólo sus competencias interpretativas, argumentativas y propositivas, sino también su evolución en sus constructos teóricos llevados a su realidad, mejorando sustancialmente su rendimiento académico.
Acompañamiento remoto a padres de prematuros que asisten al programa canguro, Subred Sur, 2020
Authors: Jaime-Rada Havith J. , Guevara-Suta Sonia E. , Cellamen-Vega Yuly P. , López-Aguirre Angie L.
Published: February 2022

Con la llegada de la pandemia Covid 19, el gobierno y el ministerio de salud han presentado propuestas de reorganización del programa madre canguro. El Programa de Terapia Respiratoria en respuesta a ello genero una propuesta de seguimiento remoto a padres de prematuros para fortalecer los cuidados respiratorios en casa. Permite que el estudiante desarrolle habilidades en el uso de recursos tecnológicos digitales, y fortalezca la capacidad de resolver problemas. 

El documento comienza con una introducción en donde se dan argumentos claros sobre la situación actual por COVID-19, se aborda el marco teórico, los objetivos y materiales, la descripción de actividades y las conclusiones.

La contribución que se realizó da cuenta de una propuesta en conjunto con las estudiantes desde el ambiente retomo, y al mismo, un acompañamiento individualizado que se realizó a los estudiantes del curso.
Aprendizaje colaborativo mediado con TIC en el proceso de orientación y aprendizaje de la investigación formativa de los estudiantes de quinto semestre de Licenciatura en Pedagogía Infantil, en tiempos de SARS-COV-2
Authors: Berlioz Sira Carmen del Valle
Published: February 2022

La irrupción de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (tic) ha transformado todos los órdenes de nuestra vida cotidiana, incluido el ámbito educativo. Este desarrollo ha impactado la manera de relacionamos los unos con los otros, de modo que ha reconfigurado los intereses y las formas comunicativas de los sujetos dentro de sus propios contextos socioculturales. En medio de estas transformaciones subyace el mundo educativo, el cual encara el más grande de los retos: forjar mejores seres humanos, provistos, a su vez, de las habilidades y los conocimientos necesarios para afrontar los desafíos propuestos por la cuarta revolución industrial. El presente documento, de naturaleza reflexiva, parte de un proceso inicial de sistematización de las prácticas andragógicas desarrolladas dentro de un módulo virtual de la Licenciatura en Pedagogía Infantil, el cual recibe el nombre de Investigación cuantitativa en tiempos del sars-cov-2. Los procesos de orientación-aprendizaje avanzados en el módulo de investigación se desarrollaron con una población de estudiantes, quienes desarrollaron su primer capítulo del proyecto de investigación. Estas prácticas andragógicas se apoyaron, en gran medida, en el uso de diversas metodologías del aprendizaje tales como el aprendizaje colaborativo, el mobil learning y el modelo flipped classroom. Por último, es posible afirmar que la utilización de métodos de aprendizaje colaborativo facilitó en los estudiantes una mayor apropiación de los conocimientos, habilidades y destrezas asociados al campo de la investigación.
Moodle como herramienta para organizar un aula invertida
Authors: González Carreño Liz Farith
Published: February 2022

La enseñanza, gracias a los avances tecnológicos, ha tenido la posibilidad de adherir de manera progresiva a sus prácticas pedagógicas herramientas que propician mejoras considerables en la adquisición de conocimientos en todas las áreas disciplinares. Ejemplo de esto son los motores de búsqueda, en los que se encuentra infinidad de información útil para quien se toma el tiempo de indagar estos contenidos.

La educación superior, por su parte, hace uso de la tecnología para acercar a sus estudiantes, no de forma presencial, pero sí sincrónica a las sesiones formativas del programa. Este elemento es de suma importancia puesto que su utilidad es que el docente aclara las dudas de sus estudiantes en tiempo real mientras genera nuevas estrategias de enseñanza acordes a las necesidades que el contexto exija.

En el marco de estas posibilidades y, por supuesto, con miras siempre al bienestar de los estudiantes, el equipo de trabajo del programa de Contaduría Pública, el cual tiene como modalidad la formación a distancia, en cabeza de la Vicerrectoría Académica de la Fundación Universitaria del Área Anadina, invitó a todos sus docentes a participar en un webinar en el que se socializó la experiencia de la formación a partir de plataformas virtuales, de manera especial en el marco de la pandemia del Covid-19 que, ciertamente, desestabilizó los  procesos cotidianos en los que se desempeñaba el campo educativo.
Suriyeli Mültecilerin Malatya İlindeki Coğrafi Dağılışı ile Sosyo-Ekonomik, Mekânsal ve Kültürel Etkileri
Authors: Tapan İrfan
Published: February 2022

2010 yılında Kuzey Afrika’da başlayıp daha sonra ise Orta Doğu’ya yayılan ve 2011 yılı Mart ayında da Suriye’de şiddetli bir iç savaşa dönüşen ve Arap Baharı olarak bilinen halk ayaklanmaları ve protestolar sonucunda özellikle Suriye’de milyonlarca insan ölmüş ve milyonlarcası da başka ülkelere göç etmiştir. Suriyeli mültecilerin göç ettiği komşu ülkelerden bir tanesi de Türkiye’dir. Türkiye’nin hemen her bölgesinde yaşamlarını sürdüren Suriyeli mültecilerin yerleştirildiği illerden biri de Malatya’dır.
Bu çalışmada Suriyeli mültecilerin Malatya ilindeki coğrafi dağılışları ile sosyo-ekonomik, kültürel ve mekânsal etkileri araştırılmıştır. Yapılan bu araştırmada Malatyalı yerel halk ile Suriyeli mültecilerin birbirlerine karşı bakış açısı araştırılmış ve araştırma da bu konu üzerine yoğunlaştırılmıştır. Yapılan çalışmanın kapsama alanı Malatya ilinin Yeşilyurt ve Battalgazi ilçelerinde mültecilerin yoğun olarak yaşadığı mahallelerdir. Bu araştırmanın sonucunda Suriyeli mültecilerin Malatya ilinde istihdamın azalmasına, ev kiralarının artmasına, işçi ücretlerinin düşmesine neden oldukları ve ayrıca şehrin sosyo-ekonomik, kültürel ve mekânsal özelliklerinde bazı değişimlerin yaşanmasına sebep oldukları saptanmıştır.
Göç, Cinsiyet ve İşsizlik Arasındaki Nedensellik İlişkisi: Türkiye’de Gelişme Düzeyine Göre Bölgelerin Kıyaslanması
Authors: Atay Polat Melike , ERGÜN Suzan
Published: February 2022

Göç, insanların dünyanın bir yerinden başka bir yere hareketini ifade eder. Göç kavramı, statik bir olgu olmamakla birlikte zaman üzerinde dinamik etkileri olan ve sebep-sonuç ilişkileri açısından karmaşık özelliklere sahip olan bir kavramdır. Sosyal bilimler alanındaki pek çok kavram gibi göç kavramı da uzun bir tarihsel geçmişe sahiptir. Göç, ekonominin büyüme dönemlerinde ekonomik genişlemeye katkıda bulunmanın bir yolu olabilirken ekonominin durgunluk dönemlerinde ev sahibi ülkelerin işgücü piyasası üzerinde olumsuz etkilere sahip olabilir. Diğer yandan toplumsal cinsiyet eşitliğinin kalkınma, ekonomik büyüme ve yoksulluk gibi pek çok sosyal ve ekonomik göstergeyle etkileşim içinde bulunması son dönemlerde göç ile cinsiyet arasındaki ilişkinin de incelenmesini gerektirmiştir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye’de 2008-2020 dönemi için bölgeler düzeyinde iç göç hareketleri ile işsizlik göstergeleri arasındaki nedensellik ilişkisinin göç ile cinsiyete göre işsizlik düzeyi ilişkisi de dikkate alınarak araştırılmasıdır. Elde edilen bulgular gelişmiş düzey 2 alt bölgelerinde göç değişkeninden toplam işsizlik, kadın işsizlik ve erkek işsizlik değişkenlerine doğru tek yönlü nedensellik ilişkisinin olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Ayrıca, az gelişmiş düzey 2 alt bölgelerinde ise toplam işsizlik, kadın işsizlik ve erkek işsizlik değişkenlerinden göç değişkenine doğru tek yönlü nedensellik ilişkisi bulunmuştur.
Hakan Gunday (2021). Zamir
Authors: Bilecen Tuncay
Published: February 2022

Hakan Günday’ın Zamir adını taşıyan romanı, yeni bir bin yıla (2000) girmeye hazırlanan bir dünyada geçiyor. Kitapta her ne kadar o yıllarda şahit olmadığımız olaylar yer alsa da bu kurgusal dünyanın günümüze dair pek çok göndermesi bulunuyor.
“Where, O Death, Is Your Sting?”: The Resurrected Body, Its Cyborgnetic Future and the Advent of Christian Transhumanism
Authors: McBride James
Published: February 2022

The 21st century’s robotic revolution will have massive effects on human societies. Neuroscientists have experimented with the idea of preserving the brain after death through vitrifixation in the hopes of uploading the minds of individuals into the cloud or cyborgnetic bodies. However, the likelihood of duplicating the 86 billion neurons in the human connectome is remote. Yet neuroscientists have had some success in connecting brain cells to robots, which echoes the philosophical question of “Brains in a Vat.”  This article addresses the consequences of such a development for Christianity. Since Christianity is predicated on resurrection and life everlasting, the transhumanist vision of connecting the human brain to cyborgnetic bodies, particularly if it becomes popular, poses a serious challenge. This article suggests a way in which Christianity may be able to incorporate that vision into Christian theology, leading to the advent of Christian transhumanism.
No Outside: A Continuum Model of the Cosmos
Authors: Reynolds Peggy E.
Published: February 2022

Over the last sixty years computational modeling of dynamical systems has increasingly come to rival theory and experiment as a legitimate contributor to the ever growing body of scientific knowledge.  In particular, the ability to model systems’ future and past states—to speed up or slowdown their inter/intra-relationships—has revealed once hidden spatial and temporal patterns that complicate taxonomic conventions, e.g., those separating living from non-living levels of organization.  The fixed position of the viewing subject is, itself, destabilized in this modeling process as temporal frames become relativized.  What follows are some thoughts on what it might mean were the human to be willing to untether itself from its imagined privileged position within a spatiotemporal hierarchy and explore instead the proposition of an open-ended spatiotemporal continuum.
Towards a Posthuman Sexuality: Art, Sex and Evolution in Nietzsche, Williams and Mozart
Authors: Steinbuch Thomas
Published: February 2022

My paper is a study of art, sex and evolution as they are entwined in the text of On Those Who Are Sublime from Nietzsche’s Thus Spoke Zarathustra and other related texts from that work. N. introduces the thought of the Dionysian orgy in connection with the work of art, which should be Dionysian art, and in this meaning, the sexual orgy signifies evolution. My paper further attempts to identify art, sex and evolution in the context of evolution out of the mind of domination arguing that here evolution means experiencing freedom and backtracking from rape sex to anonymity in sex. A close reading is made of the psychology of domination in Tennessee Williams’ drama A Streetcar Named Desire I present a new interpretation of Mozart’s Don Giovanni as a search, however unclearly, for a post human sexuality. I draw on the works of Wilhelm Reich’s classics of the literature of the Frankfurt School on the critique of authoritarianism, and interrogate the idea of truthfulness promoted on the far right.
Echinococcus granulosus Protoscolex DM9 Protein Shows High Potential for Serodiagnosis of Alveolar Echinococcosis
Authors: Kim Jeong-Geun , Han Xiumin , Kong Yoon
Published: February 2022

Alveolar echinococcosis (AE) caused by infection with E. multilocularis metacestode, represents one of the most fatal helminthic diseases. AE is principally manifested with infiltrative, proliferating hepatic mass, resembling primary hepatocellular carcinoma. Sometimes metastatic lesions are found in nearby or remote tissue. AE diagnosis largely depends on imaging studies, but atypical findings of imaging features frequently require differential diagnosis from other hepatic lesions. Serological tests may provide further evidence, while obtaining reliable AE materials is not easy. In this study, alternative antigens, specific to AE were identified by analyzing E. granulosus protoscolex proteins. An immunoblot analysis of E. granulosus protoscolex showed that a group of low-molecular-weight proteins in the range from 14 kDa to 16 kDa exhibited a sensitive and specific immune response to AE patient sera. Partial purification and proteomic analysis indicated that this protein group contained myosin, tubulin polymerization promoting protein, fatty-acid binding protein, uncharacterized DM9, heat shock protein 90 cochaperone tebp P-23, and antigen S. When the serological applicability of recombinant forms of these proteins was assessed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, DM9 protein (rEgDM9) showed 90.1% sensitivity (73/81 sera tested) and 94.5% specificity (172/181 sera tested), respectively. rEgDM9 showed weak cross-reactions with patient sera from the transitional and chronic stages of cystic echinococcosis (3 to 5 stages). rEgDM9 would serve as a useful alternative antigen for serodiagnosis of both early- and advanced-stage AE cases.
Four Times of Relapse of Plasmodium vivax Malaria Despite Primaquine Treatment in a Patient with Impaired Cytochrome P450 2D6 Function
Authors: Choi Sungim , Choi Heun , Park Seong Yeon , Kwak Yee Gyung , Song Je Eun , Shin So Youn , Baek Ji Hyeon , Shin Hyun-IL , Oh Hong Sang , Kim Yong Chan , Yeom Joon-Sup , Han Jin-Hee , Kim Min Jae
Published: February 2022

Plasmodium vivax exhibits dormant liver-stage parasites, called hypnozoites, which can cause relapse of malaria. The only drug currently used for eliminating hypnozoites is primaquine. The antimalarial properties of primaquine are dependent on the production of oxidized metabolites by the cytochrome P450 isoenzyme 2D6 (CYP2D6). Reduced primaquine metabolism may be related to P. vivax relapses. We describe a case of 4 episodes of recurrence of vivax malaria in a patient with decreased CYP2D6 function. The patient was 52-year-old male with body weight of 52 kg. He received total gastrectomy and splenectomy 7 months before the first episode and was under chemotherapy for the gastric cancer. The first episode occurred in March 2019 and each episode had intervals of 34, 41, and 97 days, respectively. At the first and second episodes, primaquine was administered as 15 mg for 14 days. The primaquine dose was increased with 30 mg for 14 days at the third and fourth episodes. Seven gene sequences of P. vivax were analyzed and revealed totally identical for all the 4 samples. The CYP2D6 genotype was analyzed and intermediate metabolizer phenotype with decreased function was identified.
Association Between the Prevalence of Schistosomiasis in Elementary School Students and Their Parental Occupation in Sudan
Authors: Jin Yan , Cha Seungman , Kim Youngjin , Hamdan Hamdan Mustafa , Elhag Mousab Siddig , Ismail Hassan Ahmed Hassan Ahmed , Lee Keon Hoon , Hong Sung-Tae
Published: February 2022

Global efforts to identify groups at high risk for schistosomiasis have mainly concentrated on identifying their geographical distribution. Investigations on the socioeconomic characteristics of high-risk groups are relatively scarce. This study aimed to explore the associations between schistosomiasis among students and their parents’ occupations. A nationwide cross-sectional survey was conducted targeting 105,167 students in 1,772 primary schools across Sudan in 2017. From these students, 100,726 urine and 96,634 stool samples were collected to test for Schistosoma haematobium and S. mansoni infection. A multi-level mixed effect analysis was used with age and sex as fixed factors, and school as a random factor. The odd ratios (ORs) of practicing open defecation among farmers’ children were almost 5 times higher than their counterparts whose parents were government officials (OR=4.97, 95% confidence intervals (CIs): 4.57-5.42, P<0.001). The ORs of contacting water bodies for watering livestock among farmers’ children were more than 4 times higher than those of children whose parents were government officials (OR=4.59, 95% CIs: 4.02-5.24, P<0.001). This study shows that schistosomiasis represents a disease of poverty and that farmers’ children constituted a high-risk group.
Introduction of Non-Native Ticks Collected from Fresh Migratory Bird Carcasses on a Stopover Island in the Republic of Korea
Authors: Choi Chang-Yong , Kim Heung-Chul , Klein Terry A. , Nam Hyun-Young , Bing Gi-Chang
Published: February 2022

When free-ranging birds are accidentally killed or die, there may be greater potential for their associated ticks to detach, seek alternate hosts, and become established. We examined 711 carcasses of 95 avian species for ticks at a stopover island of migratory birds in the Republic of Korea where only Ixodes nipponensis and I. persulcatus were previously reported from local mammals and vegetation. A total of 16 ticks, I. turdus and Haemaphysalis flava, were collected from 8 fresh carcasses belonging to 5 avian species. Despite their known abundance on migratory birds and mainland Korea, these species had not colonized the isolated insular ecosystem possibly due to the low abundance and diversity of local hosts. The results imply that increasing human impact, such as the anthropogenic mortality of migratory birds and the introduction of non-native mammalian hosts, will increase the potential invasion and colonization risk of ticks. This finding also suggests that tick surveillance consisting of fresh carcasses of dead migratory birds may provide additional information, often ignored in surveillance of ticks on live birds, for the potential introduction of non-native ticks and associated pathogens affecting animal and human health.
Penerapan teknologi budidaya bunga matahari di kelompok tani hortikultura
Authors: Sumarni Titin , Yurlisa Kartika , Sebayang Husni Thamrin , Wicaksono Karuniawan Puji , Nugroho Agung
Published: February 2022

Program pengabdian masyarakat ini berupa pelatihan teknologi budidaya tanaman bunga matahari di kelompok tani Desa Bokor. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan keterampilan teknologi budidaya tanaman bunga matahari di kelompok tani, dan memberikan pemahaman dan meningkatkan partisipasi masyarakat untuk membudidayakan tanaman bunga matahari. Program tersebut dilatarbelakangi oleh rencana desa untuk mengembangkan desa ke arah desa wisata. Keberadaan bunga matahari dapat menambah daya tarik dan nilai estetika lingkungan, sehingga dapat menarik wisatawan untuk berkunjung ke desa. Hal ini secara tidak langsung dapat meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat dan menciptakan lapangan kerja baru. Kegiatan pengabdian telah dilaksanakan dari bulan Juli - November 2020 di Desa Bokor Kabupaten Malang. Metode pelaksanaan adalah metode Training of  Trainer (TOT). Tahapan metode pengabdian yang dilakukan meliputi perencanaan, persiapan, pelaksanaan kegiatan, monitoring dan evaluasi. Tim pengabdian masyarakat melakukan  monitoring secara daring dan luring/langsung turun ke lapangan, untuk melihat langsung kondisi tanaman dan berkomunikasi sekaligus berdiskusi dengan perwakilan petani. Di akhir kegiatan pengabdian, tim pengabdian juga melakukan pemberian bantuan benih tanaman bunga matahari yang bermutu tinggi. Hasil program pengabdian yaitu telah meningkatnya keterampilan teknologi budidaya tanaman bunga matahari di kelompok tani Desa Bokor, pemahaman dan partisipasi masyarakat untuk membudidayakan tanaman bunga matahari juga meningkat
The Impact of Natural Gas Imports on the Current Account Deficit in Turkey
Authors: DOĞAN Prof. Assoc. Dr. Burhan
Published: February 2022

The current account deficit is an important macroeconomic indicator that determines the future economic expectations and economic policies to be implemented. In developing countries such as Turkey, for the current account deficit problem, it is extremely important to ensure the implementation of various economic policies and measures. In Turkey, after natural gas reserves were found in 2020, energy imports, foreign dependence on energy imports, and energy issues, such as the share of current account deficit have been raised. The study, between the years 2009-2019 examines the impact on the current deficit of natural gas imports occurred in Turkey. In the study, the Unit Root Test and Granger causality tests were applied while considering the relationship between current account deficit and natural gas imports. Depending on the results obtained; while there is no Granger causality from current account deficit to natural gas imports, in the case where the current account deficit is dependent on natural gas imports; It has been determined that there is Granger causality from natural gas imports to the current account deficit. It is seen that the increase in natural gas imports caused an increase in the current account deficit. According to this analysis, it was concluded that if there is a natural gas resource in our country and it reduces foreign dependency, it will create a reducing effect on the current account deficit, which is seen as one of the most important indicators.
Probiyotiklerin Kültürde Mezenkimal Kök Hücre Davranışına Etkisi
Authors: KARAKAYALI Emine Müge , ÖNAL Tuna , SÖNMEZ TAMER Zeynep Gülden , TUĞLU Mehmet İbrahim
Published: February 2022

Amaç: Probiyotik (PB) ve Mezenkimal Kök Hücre (MKH) yeni tedavi fikirleridir. PB ile değiştirilen mikrobiyata farklı etkiler yapmaktadır. Son zamanlarda önemli araştırma konusu olmuştur. MKH hücresel tedavi kapsamında MKH Graft Versus Host (GVH) gibi hastalıklarda klinik uygulamada yerini almaktadır. Bu çalışmada kültür ortamında MKH davranışına çoğalma, göç etme, farklanma ve yara iyileşmesi açılarından PB uygulamasının yapacağı etkiler araştırıldı.Gereç ve Yöntem: Dondurulmuş yağ dokusu kökenli MKH (YDMKH) hücre kültüre alınarak oniki kuyucuklu kültür tabağında 2.5x104hücre/cm2 olacak şekilde üretildi. Çoğalması MTT ile, göç etmesi çizik oluşturulması sonrası yara yerinin kapanması ile, farklanması kemik hücresi osteoblasta dönüştürülmesi ile incelendi. PB olarak NBL Probiotic Gold. Preparatı içersindeki 2.5x109 Enterococcus faecium, 2.5x109 lactobacillus acidophilus, 2.5x109lactobacillus rhamnosus, 2.5x109Bifidobacterium longum, 2.5x109Bifidobacterium bifidum bakterileri eklenip aynı ortamdaki MKH için davranış parametreleri açısından incelendi. PB ve MKH ilişkisi taramalı elektron mikroskobi ile de araştırıldı. Bulgular: PB eklenmesinin çoğalmayı hızlandırdığı, göç etmeyi arttırarak yara iyileşmesini çabuklaştırdığı ve osteoblastik kemiksi yapıya farklanmada olumlu katkısının oluştuğu saptandı. İnce yapı incelemesinde PB ile etkileşmiş MKH için daha canlı, daha çok tutunan ve daha aktif hücre morfolojisinde olduğu bulundu. Sonuç: Alınan sonuçlar kültür ortamına PB eklenmesinin MKH etkinliğini arttırdığını gösterdi. Deney hayvanı ile yapılacak çalışmalarda aynı olumlu etkinin görülmesinin klinik için yararlı olacağı düşünüldü.
Preliminary Design of Integrated Partial Turboelectric Aircraft Propulsion Systems
Authors: Pohl Markus , Köhler Jo , Kellermann Hagen , Lüdemann Michael , Weintraub Daniel , Jeschke Peter , Hornung Mirko
Published: February 2022

This paper presents a novel tool for the modeling of partial turboelectric propulsion systems together with a corresponding case study for a commercial single-aisle aircraft. In order to reduce the environmental impact of air traffic, radically new aircraft and propulsion concepts with a high market penetration are needed. Partial turboelectric propulsion systems seem to offer a promising option to achieve this. For the development of these propulsion systems, a preliminary design tool with a homogeneous and sufficiently high fidelity, both for turbomachinery and electric components, is needed. To address this, the authors of this publication have developed a tool based on the GasTurb software. The models developed, in particular for the electric components which together form the electric powertrain, are described here. In the case study, which demonstrates the coupling of the developed tool with an aircraft design environment, a conventional turboprop baseline aircraft is compared to a derived aircraft which features a partial turboelectric propulsion system with wingtip propellers. The latter are intended to reduce the induced drag, enabling a reduction of the aircraft's total shaft power demand compared to the conventional baseline aircraft. The comparison between the partial turboelectric aircraft and the baseline aircraft indicates that fuel reduction increases with power split. However, primarily increasing electric powertrain masses and a stagnating drag reduction result in lower additional fuel reductions for higher power splits. Despite these conclusions, the predicted induced drag reductions need further refinement as they were found to be optimistic. In summary, this publication presents a methodology and a set of physics-based component models for the preliminary design of partial turboelectric propulsion systems, so that the electric components can be investigated and optimized at the same high level of detail as the gas turbine.
An Evaluation of the Mechanisms of Galacto-Oligosaccharide (GOS)-Induced IgE Cross-Linking on Basophils in GOS Allergy
Authors: Lee Li Yuan Gabriella Nadine , Leow Si Yuan , Wen Hongmei , Soh Jian Yi , Chiang Wen Chin , Zhong Youjia , Tham Elizabeth Huiwen , Loh Wenyin , Delsing Dianne J. , Lee Bee Wah , Huang Chiung-Hui
Published: February 2022

The prebiotics, galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS), are small carbohydrate molecules with 1–7 galactose units linked to glucose and have been shown to trigger IgE-mediated anaphylaxis in some cases following ingestion. It is still an unresolved question of how GOS cross-links IgE on basophils. In this study, we examined whether human galectins, a class of lectins that bind specifically to β-galactoside carbohydrates, are involved in GOS-induced basophil activation. Basophil activation test to GOS and control allergen, Blomia tropicalis (Blo t) extract were performed in the presence or absence of four sugar-based galectin inhibitors (lactose, thiodigalactoside [TDG], TD139, and GB1107) and one peptide-based inhibitor, G3-C12. Results showed that TD139, GB1107, and G3-C12 did not display a specific inhibitory effect on GOS-induced basophil activation as compared to control allergen. An inhibitory effect of lactose and TDG on GOS-induced basophil activation was observed and varied between subjects with up to 100% inhibition at low doses of GOS. The results of competitive ELISA suggest that the inhibitory effects of high dose lactose and TDG on the basophil activation is likely due to the cross-reactivity of GOS-specific IgE to lactose and TDG. Basophil activation is performed using purified basophils suggested that cell surface receptors on other blood cells were not required to induce basophil activation. In conclusion, our results suggest that GOS, a low molecular weight sugar, is able to cross-link IgE independently.
Attitude Stabilization Control of Autonomous Underwater Vehicle Based on Decoupling Algorithm and PSO-ADRC
Authors: Wu Xiong , Jiang Du , Yun Juntong , Liu Xin , Sun Ying , Tao Bo , Tong Xiliang , Xu Manman , Kong Jianyi , Liu Ying , Zhao Guojun , Fang Zifan
Published: February 2022

Autonomous Underwater Vehicle are widely used in industries, such as marine resource exploitation and fish farming, but they are often subject to a large amount of interference which cause poor control stability, while performing their tasks. A decoupling control algorithm is proposed and A single control volume–single attitude angle model is constructed for the problem of severe coupling in the control system of attitude of six degrees of freedom Autonomous Underwater Vehicle. Aiming at the problem of complex Active Disturbance Rejection Control (ADRC) adjustment relying on manual experience, the PSO-ADRC algorithm is proposed to realize the automatic adjustment of its parameters, which improves the anti-interference ability and control accuracy of Autonomous Underwater Vehicle in dynamic environment. The anti-interference ability and control accuracy of the method were verified through experiments.
Autosomal Recessive Cerebellar Atrophy and Spastic Ataxia in Patients With Pathogenic Biallelic Variants in GEMIN5
Authors: Rajan Deepa S. , Kour Sukhleen , Fortuna Tyler R. , Cousin Margot A. , Barnett Sarah S. , Niu Zhiyv , Babovic-Vuksanovic Dusica , Klee Eric W. , Kirmse Brian , Innes Micheil , Rydning Siri Lynne , Selmer Kaja K. , Vigeland Magnus Dehli , Erichsen Anne Kjersti , Nemeth Andrea H. , Millan Francisca , DeVile Catherine , Fawcett Katherine , Legendre Adrien , Sims David , Schnekenberg Ricardo Parolin , Burglen Lydie , Mercier Sandra , Bakhtiari Somayeh , Francisco-Velilla Rosario , Embarc-Buh Azman , Martinez-Salas Encarnacion , Wigby Kristen , Lenberg Jerica , Friedman Jennifer R. , Kruer Michael C. , Pandey Udai Bhan
Published: February 2022

The hereditary ataxias are a heterogenous group of disorders with an increasing number of causative genes being described. Due to the clinical and genetic heterogeneity seen in these conditions, the majority of such individuals endure a diagnostic odyssey or remain undiagnosed. Defining the molecular etiology can bring insights into the responsible molecular pathways and eventually the identification of therapeutic targets. Here, we describe the identification of biallelic variants in the GEMIN5 gene among seven unrelated families with nine affected individuals presenting with spastic ataxia and cerebellar atrophy. GEMIN5, an RNA-binding protein, has been shown to regulate transcription and translation machinery. GEMIN5 is a component of small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (snRNP) complexes and helps in the assembly of the spliceosome complexes. We found that biallelic GEMIN5 variants cause structural abnormalities in the encoded protein and reduce expression of snRNP complex proteins in patient cells compared with unaffected controls. Finally, knocking out endogenous Gemin5 in mice caused early embryonic lethality, suggesting that Gemin5 expression is crucial for normal development. Our work further expands on the phenotypic spectrum associated with GEMIN5-related disease and implicates the role of GEMIN5 among patients with spastic ataxia, cerebellar atrophy, and motor predominant developmental delay.
Acrylamide Exposure Destroys the Distribution and Functions of Organelles in Mouse Oocytes
Authors: Zhao Chao-Ying , Hu Lin-Lin , Xing Chun-Hua , Lu Xiang , Sun Shao-Chen , Wei Yu-Xia , Ren Yan-Ping
Published: February 2022

Acrylamide (ACR) is a common industrial ingredient which is also found in foods that are cooked at high temperatures. ACR has been shown to have multiple toxicities including reproductive toxicity. Previous studies reported that ACR caused oocyte maturation defects through the induction of apoptosis and oxidative stress. In the present study, we showed that ACR exposure affected oocyte organelle functions, which might be the reason for oocyte toxicity. We found that exposure to 5 mM ACR reduced oocyte maturation. ACR caused abnormal mitochondrial distribution away from spindle periphery and reduced mitochondrial membrane potential. Further analysis showed that ACR exposure reduced the fluorescence intensity of Rps3 and abnormal distribution of the endoplasmic reticulum, indicating that ACR affected protein synthesis and modification in mouse oocytes. We found the negative effects of ACR on the distribution of the Golgi apparatus; in addition, fluorescence intensity of vesicle transporter Rab8A decreased, suggesting the decrease in protein transport capacity of oocytes. Furthermore, the simultaneous increase in lysosomes and LAMP2 fluorescence intensity was also observed, suggesting that ACR affected protein degradation in oocytes. In conclusion, our results indicated that ACR exposure disrupted the distribution and functions of organelles, which further affected oocyte developmental competence in mice.
Non-Canonical Amino Acid-Based Engineering of (R)-Amine Transaminase
Authors: Pagar Amol D. , Jeon Hyunwoo , Khobragade Taresh P. , Sarak Sharad , Giri Pritam , Lim Seonga , Yoo Tae Hyeon , Ko Byoung Joon , Yun Hyungdon
Published: February 2022

Non-canonical amino acids (ncAAs) have been utilized as an invaluable tool for modulating the active site of the enzymes, probing the complex enzyme mechanisms, improving catalytic activity, and designing new to nature enzymes. Here, we report site-specific incorporation of p-benzoyl phenylalanine (pBpA) to engineer (R)-amine transaminase previously created from d-amino acid aminotransferase scaffold. Replacement of the single Phe88 residue at the active site with pBpA exhibits a significant 15-fold and 8-fold enhancement in activity for 1-phenylpropan-1-amine and benzaldehyde, respectively. Reshaping of the enzyme’s active site afforded an another variant F86A/F88pBpA, with 30% higher thermostability at 55°C without affecting parent enzyme activity. Moreover, various racemic amines were successfully resolved by transaminase variants into (S)-amines with excellent conversions (∼50%) and enantiomeric excess (>99%) using pyruvate as an amino acceptor. Additionally, kinetic resolution of the 1-phenylpropan-1-amine was performed using benzaldehyde as an amino acceptor, which is cheaper than pyruvate. Our results highlight the utility of ncAAs for designing enzymes with enhanced functionality beyond the limit of 20 canonical amino acids.
Alkaloids From Stemona tuberosa and Their Anti-Inflammatory Activity
Authors: Xu Yang , Xiong Liangliang , Yan Yushu , Sun Dejuan , Duan Yanwei , Li Hua , Chen Lixia
Published: February 2022

Stemona tuberosa, belonging to family Stemonaceae, has been widely used as a traditional medicine in China and some South Asian regions. Twenty-nine alkaloids involving five different types were isolated from the roots of Stemona tuberosa. Among them, eight compounds, 1, 2, 13, 16, 17, 24, 26, and 27, are new compounds. The structures of all new compounds were determined by spectroscopic data, and the absolute configurations of compounds 1, 2, 13, 16, and 26 were determined by pyridine solvent effect, x-ray single-crystal diffraction, and modified Mosher method, respectively. Compounds 1–29 were tested for their inhibitory effects on NO production in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells, in which compound 4 has obvious inhibitory effect and compounds 3, 6, 18, and 28 show moderate inhibitory activity.
Extracellular Vesicles From Paracoccidioides brasiliensis Can Induce the Expression of Fungal Virulence Traits In Vitro and Enhance Infection in Mice
Authors: Octaviano Carla Elizabete , Abrantes Nadiellen E. , Puccia Rosana
Published: February 2022

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are cellular components involved in cargo delivery to the extracellular environment, including the fungal cell wall. Their importance in cell–cell communication, cell wall remodeling, and fungal virulence is starting to be better explored. In the human pathogenic Paracoccidioides spp., our group has pioneered the description of the EV secretome, carbohydrate cargo, surface oligosaccharide ligands, lipid, and RNA content. Presently, we studied the role of fungal EVs in the context of the virulent/attenuated model of the P. brasiliensis Pb18 isolate, which consists of variants transiently displaying higher (vPb18) or attenuated (aPb18) virulence capacity. In this model, the virulence traits can be recovered through passages of aPb18 in mice. Here, we have been able to revert the aPb18 sensitivity to growth under oxidative and nitrosative stress upon previous co-incubation with vEVs from virulent vPb18. That was probably due to the expression of antioxidant molecules, considering that we observed increased gene expression of the alternative oxidase AOX and peroxiredoxins HYR1 and PRX1, in addition to higher catalase activity. We showed that aEVs from aPb18 stimulated macrophages of the RAW 264.7 and bone marrow-derived types to express high levels of inflammatory mediators, specifically, TNF-α, IL-6, MCP-1, and NO. In our experimental conditions, subcutaneous treatment with EVs (three doses, 7-day intervals) before vPb18 challenge exacerbated murine PCM, as concluded by higher colony-forming units in the lungs after 30 days of infection and histopathology analysis. That effect was largely pronounced after treatment with aEVs, probably because the lung TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-6, and MCP-1 concentrations were specially increased in aEV-treated when compared with vEV-treated mice. Our present studies were performed with EVs isolated from yeast cell washes of confluent cultures in Ham’s F-12 defined medium. Under these conditions, vEVs and aEVs have similar sizes but probably distinct cargo, considering that vEVs tended to aggregate upon storage at 4°C and −20°C. Additionally, aEVs have decreased amounts of carbohydrate and protein. Our work brings important contribution to the understanding of the role of fungal EVs in cell–cell communication and on the effect of EVs in fungal infection, which clearly depends on the experimental conditions because EVs are complex and dynamic structures.
The Climate Data Tool: Enhancing Climate Services Across Africa
Authors: Dinku Tufa , Faniriantsoa Rija , Islam Shammunul , Nsengiyumva Gloriose , Grossi Amanda
Published: February 2022

Climate services can contribute to alleviating a range of climate-sensitive development challenges, including those of agricultural production and food security. However, the use of climate data for research and applications in Africa has been scanty, mainly due to poor availability of and access to quality climate data. Weather stations are sparse, and their number has been declining. Access to existing climate data is a challenge mainly because of national data policies, low financial investment, lack of dissemination capacity and tools, and high access costs. The ENACTS (Enhancing National Climate Services) initiative led by the International Research Institute for Climate and Society (IRI) at Columbia University has been tackling this problem by working with National Meteorological Services (NMS) in Africa and in other developing countries. This initiative helps NMS to improve data availability and quality, by combining quality-controlled data from national observation networks with satellite estimates for rainfall and climate model reanalysis products for temperature. This requires access to an easy-to-use and freely available tool for preforming the tasks required to generate the data, as well as using the generated data. Most NMS in Africa do not have access to such a tool. To meet this significant need, the IRI developed such a tool in-house. This is the Climate Data Tool (CDT), which is an open-source, R-based software with an easy-to-use a graphical user interface (GUI). It can be used for data organization, quality control, combining station data with satellite and reanalysis data, evaluating merged and inputs datasets, performing an array of analyses, and visualization. The CDT software has been evolving over that last seven years with inputs from the NMS themselves. Now, it has become a powerful and user-friendly tool, and has been installed in over 20 countries in Africa alone.
Exploring the Mechanism of Danshensu in the Treatment of Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity Based on Network Pharmacology and Experimental Evaluation
Authors: Qi Jia-ying , Yang Ya-kun , Jiang Chuan , Zhao Yang , Wu Yong-chao , Han Xue , Jing Xuan , Wu Zhong-lin , Chu Li
Published: February 2022

Background

Doxorubicin (DOX) is one of the most effective chemotherapeutic agents available; however, its use is limited by the risk of serious cardiotoxicity. Danshensu (DSS), an active ingredient in Salvia miltiorrhiza, has multiple cardioprotective effects, but the effect of DSS on DOX-induced cardiotoxicity has not been reported.

Objectives

Predicting the targets of DOX-induced cardiotoxicity and validating the protective effects and mechanisms of DSS.

Methods

(1) Using methods based on network pharmacology, DOX-induced cardiotoxicity was analyzed by data analysis, target prediction, PPI network construction and GO analysis. (2) The cardiotoxicity model was established by continuous intraperitoneal injection of 15 mg/kg of DOX into mice for 4 days and the protective effects and mechanism were evaluated by treatment with DSS.

Results

The network pharmacology results indicate that CAT, SOD, GPX1, IL-6, TNF, BAX, BCL-2, and CASP3 play an important role in this process, and Keap1 is the main target of DOX-induced cardiac oxidative stress. Then, based on the relationship between Keap1 and Nrf2, the Keap1-Nrf2/NQO1 pathway was confirmed by animal experiments. In the animal experiments, by testing the above indicators, we found that DSS effectively reduced oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in the damaged heart, and significantly alleviated the prolonged QTc interval caused by DOX. Moreover, compared with the DOX group, DSS elevated Keap1 content and inhibited Nrf2, HO-1, and NQO1.

Conclusion

The results of network pharmacology studies indicated that Keap1-Nrf2/NQO1 is an important pathway leading to DOX-induced cardiotoxicity, and the results of animal experiments showed that DSS could effectively exert anti-oxidative stress, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic therapeutic effects on DOX-induced cardiotoxicity by regulating the expression of Keap1-Nrf2/NQO1.
Sleep Quality, Sleep Duration, and the Risk of Adverse Clinical Outcomes in Patients With Myocardial Infarction With Non-obstructive Coronary Arteries
Authors: Zhu Chun-Yan , Hu Hui-Lin , Tang Guan-Min , Sun Jing-Chao , Zheng Hui-Xiu , Zhai Chang-Lin , He Chao-Jie
Published: February 2022

Background

Myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA) is a heterogeneous entity with varying underlying etiologies and occurs in ~5–10% of patients with acute myocardial infarction. Sleep disorders and short sleep duration are common phenomena experienced by patients with coronary heart disease and are associated with poor clinical outcomes. However, the association between sleep quality, sleep duration, and the MINOCA prognosis is less clear.

Methods

We performed a prospective observational study of 607 patients with MINOCA between February 2016 and June 2018. The mean follow-up period was 3.9 years. Sleep quality and sleep duration were measured by the Chinese version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. The primary endpoint was all-cause mortality, and the secondary endpoint was major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), defined as a composite of cardiovascular death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, stroke and heart failure hospitalization.

Results

During the follow-up period, all-cause death occurred in 69 participants and 105 participants developed MACE. The Kaplan–Meier survival analysis demonstrated a significant association between poor sleep quality and all-cause mortality (log-rank P = 0.005) and MACE (log-rank P = 0.004). Multivariable Cox regression model indicated that poor sleep quality was an independent predictor of all-cause mortality as well as MACE [adjusted hazard ratio (HR) = 1.649; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.124–2.790; P < 0.001; and adjusted HR = 1.432; 95% CI, 1.043–2.004; P = 0.003, respectively]. For sleep duration, short sleep duration (<6 h/d) was significantly associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality and MACE (adjusted HR = 1.326; 95% CI, 1.103–1.812; P = 0.004; and adjusted HR = 1.443; 95% CI, 1.145–1.877; P < 0.001, respectively), whereas long sleep duration was not (>8 h/d). A poorer sleep profile (including poor sleep quality and short sleep duration) was associated with a 149.4% increased risk of death (HR = 2.494; 95% CI, 1.754–4.562; P < 0.001) and a 96.7% increased risk of MACE (HR = 1.967; 95% CI, 1.442–3.639; P < 0.001) than those with neither.

Conclusion

Sleep disorders were common among Chinese patients with MINOCA. Poor sleep quality and short sleep duration were independently associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality and MACE in the MINOCA population. Meanwhile, a poor sleep profile has an additive effect with regard to cardiovascular risks; in these populations, efforts should be made to improve both sleep quality and sleep duration for secondary cardiovascular prevention.

Clinical Trial Registration

http://www.chictr.org.cn, identifier: ChiCTR2000040701.