bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Görsel Motor Becerileri Testi-3’ün Türkçe Uyarlaması: Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması
Authors: YÜCELYİĞİT Seçil , ARAL Neriman
Published: November 2019

Araştırmada
okul öncesi dönem çocuklarının görsel motor becerilerini bağımsız olarak ölçen
Görsel Motor Becerileri Testi-3’ün Türk çocuklarından elde edilen verilerle ne
derece uyumlu olduğunun incelenmesi, bu doğrultuda geçerlik ve güvenirlik
çalışmasının yapılarak Türkçeye uyarlanması amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmaya basit
tesadüfi örneklemle belirlenen, yaş ortalaması 68.86 olan, 60-72 ay
aralığındaki 202 çocuk dahil edilmiştir. Çalışmada Görsel Motor Becerileri
Testi-3 önce Türkçeye çevrilmiş daha sonra yeniden orijinal diline çevrilerek
karşılaştırma yapılmış ve anlamsal-deyimsel-deneyimsel ve kavramsal denklikleri
konusunda görüş birliğine varılmıştır. Daha sonra test uzman görüşüne sunulmuş
ve çocuk gelişim ve okul öncesi alanında yedi uzmanın görüşleri alınmış, görüşler
doğrultusunda test düzenlenerek uygulama için hazır hale getirilmiştir. Türk
çocukları için kullanıma hazır hale gelen testin pilot çalışması küçük bir
grupla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu aşamadan sonra test çalışma grubuna
uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen veriler değerlendirildikten sonra yapı geçerliği
için açımlayıcı faktör analizi yapılmış, ek kanıt elde etmek amacıyla elde
edilen verilere doğrulayıcı faktör analizi uygulanarak analizler
gerçekleştirilmiştir. Ayrıca çocukların yaşlarına ve öğretmenlerin görüşlerine
göre çocukların puan ortalamaları karşılaştırılmış, benzer ölçme aracıyla
ölçüte dayalı geçerlilik incelenmiştir. Güvenirliği belirlemek amacıyla madde
toplam puan korelasyonuna bakılmış, iç tutarlılığı belirlemek için Cronbach
Alfa, dış tutarlığı belirlemek için ise test-tekrar test analizi uygulanmıştır.
Geçerlik güvenirlik kapsamında yapılan açımlayıcı faktör analizi madde yük
değerlerinin 0.19 ile 0.72 arasında değiştiği, doğrulayıcı faktör analizi
sonucunda ise hesaplanan uyum istatistiklerinin kabul edilebilir düzeyde olduğu
ve model-veri uyumunu sağladığı (ki-kare=1082.57, ki-kare/sd= 2.06, RMSEA=
0.09, St.RMR=0.08, CFI=0.93, NFI=0.87, GFI=0.71) belirlenmiştir. Görsel Motor
Beceri Testi-3 puanlarının güvenirliği için hesaplanan alfa değerinin 0.92,
test tekrar test korelasyonunun ise 0.98 olduğu görülmüştür. Yapılan analiz
sonuçları genel olarak değerlendirildiğinde Görsel Motor Becerileri Testi-3‘ün
Türk çocukları için geçerli ve güvenilir bir test olduğu saptanmıştır.
Maestros y maestras con voz
Authors: Briceño Ruiz Belkis Gimena
Published: November 2019

El presente artículo ofrece una reflexión personal sobre qué implica ser maestros y maestras hoy. A partir de su propia historia de vida la autora expondrá como ha forjado su rol docente, cómo ha afrontado las tensiones entre el querer ser y hacer en los diferentes contextos donde ha laborado, y qué la motiva a seguir trabajando en la consolidación de una educación de calidad. El tema central es la Educación para Todos (EPT), del cual en abaníco surgen el enfoque de derechos, el enfoque diferencial, la perspectiva de género y la inclusión en varios niveles educativos; especialmente, en la primera infancia.
Evaluación de impacto del programa de formación docente en Bogotá
Authors: Acosta Javier , Castillo Mauricio , Cortés Darwin , Gómez Mauricio , González Jorge Iván , López Adriana , Maluendas Alexis , Ortiz José Guillermo , Sandoval Marta
Published: November 2019

El artículo examina el impacto del programa de formación de docentes llevado a cabo por la Secretaría de Educación de Bogotá. El análisis cuantitativo muestra que no hay una relación directa entre la formación de los docentes y las variables dependientes más usuales (logro, deserción, repitencia…). Y desde la perspectiva cualitativa, se le preguntó al docente formado (llamado el actor) y a su par (llamado el censor), por su percepción sobre el instrumento (la formación) y los resultados obtenidos. En general, la evaluación que se hace del programa es muy buena, pero se observa falta de capacidad institucional para aprovechar los beneficios de la formación docente.
El lugar del maestro en la escuela contemporánea y sus relaciones con la profesionalización docente y las nuevas tecnologías
Authors: Bernal-Delgado Lizeth Lorena
Published: November 2019

En este artículo se problematizan algunos de los mecanismos de control que atraviesan al oficio del maestro, lo cual permite a su vez indagar por la configuración del maestro contemporáneo en relación con la profesionalización docente y el impacto de las nuevas tecnologías en la escuela. Donde el mercado a través del discurso de las competencias y la eficacia terminan desplazando la enseñanza y limitando el oficio del maestro al de un mero facilitador del aprendizaje.
Noble Tradition and Blind Spots In U.S. Sustainability Philosophy
Authors: Johnson Rutherford Cardinal
Published: November 2019

The foundational philosophy that provides the context in which sustainability operates in any given period in history would seem to be key to determining success or failure. In order to have the greatest chance of success, reasonable openness to a wide array of potentially useful ideas would logically appear to be essential. Progress needs context, ignoring neither the truths nor the errors of the past. However, certain blind spots exist that may cause useful ideas of the past to be ignored. This study focuses on the situation of the United States and considers one potential deterrent to long-run effectiveness of sustainability – the routine shunning by Americans of “noble tradition” stemming from the aristocracy and feudalism and its derivatives as anathema to the principles of American democracy. That tradition, though not without its flaws or abuses (no society is free from that), was built arguably on precepts of sustainability – even before the term really existed as it is known today. It is argued that the principles from medieval agrarian society that persisted in one form or another until republican revolutions, the Great War, and finally in the mid-to-late-20th century (depending on the country) are beneficial to consider, and learning from them can benefit modern industry in terms of promoting sustainable practices in systems of production and labour, as well as social responsibility. In order to create a conceptual framework that can be used to consider the potential impact on sustainability programmes of blind spots, a multipoint gravitational model is proposed. The model demonstrates mechanisms by which sustainability efforts may be harmed due to blind spots. Also, the potential for society to impose a cost on firms or individuals that attempt to consider unpopular tradition is considered via payoff analysis of strategic behaviour. That demonstrates the difficulty in breaking through the wall imposed by a blind spot.
Economic activities of enterprises: essence, conceptual paradigm, regulation
Authors: Chumak Oksana
Published: November 2019

Introduction. The economy of world is driven by corporations, enterprises of all forms of ownership and entrepreneurs, the basis of functioning which is economic activity, which transforms resources and processes into expected result – profit and satisfaction of social needs. In Ukraine, the normative base, scientific and professional sources interpret and determine the content of economic activity in most part, using the term economic activity (other interpretation), which determines controversy of economic and legal basis for a number of economic transactions. Thus, development of questions of clarifying terminology of economic activity and clarifying the limits of regulation of economic activity of enterprises of various social significance need to be developed.
Methods. The research used methods of analysis, synthesis, concretization, which allowed to explore the content components and historical stages of understanding the economy and economic activity; methods of abstraction, logical generalization and comparison – for comparing the concepts of economic and economic (other interpretation) activity, comparison of foreign and domestic experience in the vision of the concept under study; generalization method and abstract methodology – for generating generalizations and conclusions of the study.
Results. Meaningful understanding the concept of economic activity is investigated on the basis of the analysis of literary sources and normative acts, its significance from the economic, sociological, philosophical and legal point of view is revealed. The article presents a conceptual approach to the understanding of the definition of economic activity at the micro level.
Discussion. Further research in this area should relate to the scientific substantiation of the management of economic activity of enterprises.
Keywords. state-owned enterprise, economic activity, management, regulation.
Quality evaluation criteria for services supplied by elevator companies to residents of residential buildings
Authors: Pylypenko Ihor , Kaylyk Evhen
Published: November 2019

Introduction The sector of elevator services is in crisis conditions in Ukraine. The number of elevators which are out of safe period of work is increasing with every year. There are numerous reasons for this situation: lack of financing of elevation services sector, low quality of maintenance,ignoring the rules for using elevators by some residents, vandalism, the absence of state and municipal (in the majority of cities) policies of elevator’s reconstruction. The next important factors is the absence of monitoring of quality of services supplied by elevator companies to residents of residential buildings what is the determinant of safe elevators usage.
Methods. Standard methods of statistical analysis, questionnaire have been applied for this research.
Results. The sample is elevators in Kharkiv, Poltava and Chernigiv which were installed over 30-40 years ago. The experts are residents of residential buildings who use elevators and representatives of elevator companies. The quality criteria for services supplied by elevator companies to residents of residential buildings have been substantiated for this research. The quality of elevator companies services has been evaluated from the position of representatives of elevator companies as well as point of view of residents of residential buildings with six and seven quality criteria respectively.
Discussion. The research has revealed that it is important to continue improvement of methodology of quality evaluation for services supplied by elevator companies to residents of residential buildings as well as the list of corresponding criteria. And this work should be a permanent process. Besides, the methodology of assessment of all the parameters of elevator’s functioning with special devices must be developed.
Keywords: elevators, quality, service, criteria, questionnaire, experts, result processing.
Propuesta para una correcta y completa implementación de la reforma penal en Sonora
Authors: Gutiérrez Cohen Max
Published: November 2019

En el presente documento se plantean algunas propuestas para que en el 2016 se termine de implementar en forma correcta e integral la Reforma Penal del 2008 en Sonora.
Derivaciones de la observancia de la participación ciudadana y perspectiva de género en los Presupuesto de Egresos de un Municipio Sonorense 2012-2015
Authors: González Beltrones Adria Velia , Valenzuela Miranda Guadalupe Aleida , Rocha Ontiveros María Dolores , Maya Rodríguez Jesús Miguel
Published: November 2019

En este documentos se plasman las derivaciones de la experiencia del proyecto de investigación-acción en Bacoachi, Municipio de Sonora quien apoyado por la Academia de Derecho Administrativo del Departamento de Derecho de la Universidad de Sonora implementó la metodología del Presupuesto Participativo con Perspectiva de género durante los ejercicios 2014 y 2015.Convirtiendose en el primer municipio en cumplir así con lo dispuesto en la Ley de Participación Ciudadana del Estado de Sonora, que entró en vigor en julio de 2011, y dentro de la cual se establece el presupuesto participativo, como una metodología a observar tanto para el gobierno del estado como para los 72 municipios de la entidad. Al respecto, cabe cuestionarse: ¿Cuáles son los alcances de la implementación de la metodología? ¿Cuántas personas con esta responsabilidad se capacitaron en cada dependencia del municipio de la experiencia? ¿Cuáles son los beneficios de la formación que se ha ofrecido al respecto? Al elaborarse el presupuesto de egresos teniendo en cuenta la situación y posición de partida diferenciada de mujeres y hombres ¿Es previsible el impacto que puede tener su ejecución en unas y otros, para que contribuya a disminuir las desigualdades y a promover la igualdad? Son las respuestas a tales interrogantes ¿mediana o altamente satisfactorias?. ¿Cuáles son la Condiciones necesarias para que se pueda replicar la experiencia?
Incorporación masiva de la mujer al mundo laboral, factor determinante en las políticas de armonización Trabajo - Familia
Authors: González Beltrones Adria Velia , Valenzuela Miranda Guadalupe Aleida , Rocha Ontiveros María Dolores , Romano Nuñez Alejandra
Published: November 2019

Se destaca la conveniencia de valorar en su verdadera dimensión el fenómeno sociodemográfico de la incorporación desde finales del siglo pasado de la mujer en forma masiva al mundo laboral, lo que impacta directamente los espacios Familia -Trabajo.Mujeres y hombres integran,participan,forman e interactuan a la vez en el mundo del trabajo y el de la familia.Distintos agentes sociales como el Estado,las administraciones públicas intervienen en su favor atraves de la expedición de leyes de seguridad social,laboral etc,que indiscutiblemente deben ser observadas por los empleadores tanto públicos como privados. Por lo que cabe cuestionarse en que medida, conviene elaborar políticas complementrias desde las empresas a favor de los y las trabajadoras,que favorezcan la armonía entre los ámbitos Trabajo -Familia -como por ejemplo horario laboral flexible, jornada laboral reducida,empleos compartidos, prestaciones paternidad/maternidad,estancias infantiles,becas escolares entre otras-,de manera tal que su implementación sea valorada por la planta laboral en el mismo plano que se valora la retribución salarial al mismo tiempo que la empresa se integra al numero de empresas socialmente responsables y coadyuvan a la consecución de los Objetivos del Milenio(ODM)
Argumentación, Jurisprudencia y Control Difuso
Authors: Larios Velasco Rogelio
Published: November 2019

Se analiza y valora la argumentación de una tesis jurisprudencial cuyo contenido prescribe que la jurisprudencia de la Suprema Corte no puede someterse a control de constitucionalidad o de convencionalidad por tribunales de menor jerarquía. Tal análisis y valoración se realiza con base en esquemas silogísticos textuales y de interpretación, y con apoyo en criterios de prevalencia para resolver las antinomias de las premisas normativas de tales silogismos.
The importance of the quality of power supply of treating fractures of the bones of the leg according to the ilizarov method
Authors: Vladimir A Schurov  , Iliya V Schurov
Published: November 2019

Annotation: The aim of the work was to analyze the impact of the deterioration in the quality of nutrition of the population during the economic crisis that occurred after 1990 on the treatment of bone fractures.

The technique: In the period from 1970 to 2008, the impact of the deterioration in the nutrition quality of the population in particular of the Kurgan Region of Russia, expressed in preserving the caloric component due to an increase in the consumption of vegetables and bread and a decrease in the consumption of meat products by more than 35%, was analyzed. bone fragments in Ilizarov treatment in 1923 patients with closed diaphyseal fractures of the bones of the leg.

Results: The increase in the periods of fixation of bone fragments began in 1976 among a group of socially most vulnerable patients of retirement age, then among people over 50, among students, and after 1986 it became apparent in groups of patients of working age and reached by 2000 38% with helical and 111% (p≤0,001) for comminuted fractures.

Keywords: Fractures of shin bones, Ilizarov method, patient age, meat consumption
Therapeutic targets to reduce the contribution of pulmonary neutrophilic inflammation towards obesity-associated co-morbidities: a mini-review
Authors: Claveles Casas FN  , Barrera FS  , Lopez CM  , Chacon I. del V  , Di Sciullo MP  , Ramirez DC  , Gomez Mejiba SE
Published: November 2019

Epidemiology and experimental models have shown a close link between adipose tissue inflammation, systemic inflammation and pulmonary neutrophilic inflammation, which predispose obese patients to pulmonary diseases, obesity-associated co-morbidities and cancer. Increased content and activation of neutrophils in the lung microvasculature, resulting from peripheral activation of neutrophils, and increased adhesion of neutrophils to the lung microvasculature are important factors explaining the increased susceptibility of obese patients towards respiratory diseases and loss of insulin sensitivity. Mechanism-based therapies to break this link are urgently needed to reduce pulmonary damage in obesity, due to the growing prevalence of obesity world-wide. Current research suggests that these approaches should be focused on, one or more of the following: reduction of macrophage activation at the adipose tissue, healthy growing of adipose tissue by induction of Nrf-2, inhibition of NF-?B activation, reduction of circulating neutrophil activation, blocking adhesins/selectins, inhibition of neutrophil activation by targeting NADPH oxidase-2 activation, inhibition of myeloperoxidase activity and scavenging of hypochlorous acid. These strategies are expected to reduce adipose tissue inflammation, peripheral inflammation, pulmonary neutrophilic inflammation and obesity-associated co-morbidities.

Keywords: Obesity; Adipose tissue inflammation; Systemic inflammation; Neutrophil, Myeloperoxidase; Therapeutic target
Implementasi Pembelajaran IPA Terpadu Berbasis Model Nested untuk Meningkatkan Respon Belajar Mahasiswa UNIPDU Jombang
Authors: Putra Miftakhul Ilmi S
Published: November 2019

This study was aimed to description the implementation of Science integrated learning with Nested Model to increase student responses in PGMI. Students of 3th semester majoring in PGMI, Unipdu, Jombang, were subjected with the tested learning method. The study was conducted in September-November 2017 with experimental method. Studentsâ€™ performance was assesed through cognitive tests, observation, and interviews. Results of this study indicate that Science integrated learning with Nested Model to improve students responses. Student responses to Science integrated learning with Nested Model is positive.
Meneropong Otentisitas Hadits Melalui Ilmu Naqd al-Hadits
Authors: Yaqin Ainul
Published: November 2019

Diskursus tentang otentisitas hadits merupakan salah satu hal yang sangat krusial dan kontroversial.Problem seperti ini bukan tidak disadari oleh umat Islam, bahkan sejak abad pertama hijriyah, umat Islam sudah melakukan upaya-upaya untuk menciptakan metode dalam mendapatkan hadits yang otentik.Salah satu metode yang dikembangkan oleh umat Islam untuk mengetahui apakah hadits yang kita terima itu otentik atau tidak adalah dengan melakukan kritik hadits (naqd al-hadits).Naqd al-haditsdibagi menjadi tiga, naqd al-khariji, naqd al-dakhili dan naqd al-dakhili wa al-khariji. Kritik hadits berguna untuk menjaga agar jangan sampai masuk segala sesuatu yang bukan hadits menjadi bagian dari hadits, karena hal itu akan menyebabkan penyimpangan ajaran Islam.
Phosphorus Abundances in the Hyades and Galactic Disk
Authors: Maas Z. G. , Cescutti G. , Pilachowski C. A.
Published: November 2019

We have measured phosphorus abundances in nine disk stars between −1 < [Fe/H] < –0.5 and in 12 members of the Hyades open cluster using two P I lines at 1.06 μm. High-resolution infrared spectra were obtained using Phoenix on Gemini South and abundances were determined by comparing synthetic spectra to the observations. The average abundance for the dwarf stars in our Hyades sample was <[P/Fe]> = –0.01 ± 0.06 and  

dex for the three giants. The consistency suggests that abundances derived using the 1.06 μm P I lines are not subjected to temperature- or luminosity-dependent systematic effects at high metallicities. Our [P/Fe] ratios measured in disk stars are consistent with chemical evolution models with P yields increased by a factor of 2.75. We find that [P/O], [P/Mg], [P/Si], and [P/Ti] ratios are consistent with the solar ratio over a range of −1.0 < [Fe/H] < 0.2 with the [P/Si] ratio increasing by ∼0.1–0.2 dex at the lowest [Fe/H] ratios. Finally, the evolution of [P/Fe] with age is similar to other α elements, providing evidence that P is produced at the same sites.
Global and Regional IUCN Red List Assessments: 8
Authors: Fenu Giuseppe , Bernardo Liliana , Calvo Roberta , Cortis Pierluigi , De Agostini Antonio , Gangale Carmen , Gargano Domenico , Gargano Maria Letizia , Lussu Michele , Medagli Pietro , Perrino Enrico Vito , Sciandrello Saverio , Wagensommer Robert P. , Orsenigo Simone
Published: November 2019

In this contribution, the conservation status assessment of four vascular plants according to IUCN categories and criteria are presented. It includes the assessment of Ophrys normanii J.J.Wood at global level, and the regional assessment of Genista anglica L., Helianthemum lippii (L.) Dum.Cours., and Scrophularia lucida L. (Italy).
Les violences dans les espaces publics touchent surtout les jeunes femmes des grandes villes
Authors: Lebugle Amandine , l’équipe de l’enquête Virage
Published: November 2019

Un quart des femmes interrogées dans l’enquête Virage ont déclaré avoir subi au moins une violence dans les espaces publics au cours des douze derniers mois. Sur cent femmes, vingt ont mentionné avoir été sifflées au moins une fois. Viennent ensuite les insultes (8 %), le fait d’avoir été suivie (3 %), le pelotage accompagné parfois de baisers forcés (2 %), puis les propositions sexuelles insistantes (1 %), et l’exhibitionnisme ou le voyeurisme (1 %). Les agressions sexuelles sont les plus fréquentes dans les espaces publics. C’est là que 7,9 % des femmes et 2,2 % des hommes en ont subi une à un moment ou un autre de leur vie - le plus souvent du pelotage ou des attouchements du sexe. Les viols et tentatives de viols dans ces espaces concernent 0,9 % des femmes et 0,3 % des hommes âgés de 20 à 69 ans.
Acromial Fractures Following Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty: A Cohort Controlled Analysis
Authors: Schenk Pascal , Aichmair Alexander , Beeler Silvan , Ernstbrunner Lukas , Meyer Dominik C. , Gerber Christian
Published: November 2019

Fractures of the acromion can develop after reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RTSA). This study sought to identify risk factors for acromial fractures in patients with RTSA. A total of 1146 RTSAs were performed at the authors' institution between 1999 and 2016. In 21 patients (1.8%), the authors identified an acromial fracture during the postoperative course. These patients were compared with a matched cohort of 84 patients who had not developed an acromial fracture postoperatively. As an indicator of changes in pre- to postoperative deltoid loading, the authors created an angle called the “delta angle.” There was an elevated risk for acromial fractures with lower lateralization of the humerus from pre- to postoperatively (4.1±7.1 mm vs 8.4±6.1 mm;
P
=.006), lower preoperative anteroposterior acromial slope (117.3°±11.2° vs 121.7°±17.0°;
P
=.044), and higher glenoid inclination (beta angle, 72.0°±5.5° vs 76.5°±6.8°;
P
=.005). Pre- to postoperative changes in the beta angle (9.2°±8.0° vs 4.4°±9.4°;
P
=.022) and the delta angle (29.4°±8.1° vs 19.5°±9.7°;
P
<.001) were larger in the fracture group. In addition, diagnosed and treated osteoporosis appeared to be a risk factor for acromial fractures (33% vs 13%;
P
=.047). The delta angle after RTSA seems to correlate with the risk of developing an acromial fracture. Patients with a high glenoid inclination and/or osteoporosis should be informed that they are at risk. Further, surgeons should be aware that lower distalization together with greater medialization of the center of rotation was associated with more acromial fractures in this study. [
Orthopedics
. 2020; 43(1):15–22.]
Conflict Resolution as a State Mechanism in Modern Times
Authors: Dey Sadhan Kumar , Dey Alice
Published: November 2019

The post-industrialized world, which covers the period from the post-World War II to the present decade, has seen different types of real-life conflicts across the professional world. The present chapter is a sustained effort to analyse the post-industrialised conflicts in the light of application of state mechanism to resolve such conflicts in national as well as in international arenas. The term “state mechanism” has been used in a broader sense so that it may cover the control mechanism of the individual state and international control mechanisms of the United Nations.
Primary Sjogren’s Syndrome Presenting as Autoimmune Cytopenia
Authors: Meena Durga Shankar , Bohra Gopal Krishana
Published: November 2019

Sjogren’s syndrome (SS) is a chronic systemic autoimmune disease, characterized by lymphocytic infiltration of lacrimal and salivary glands. Although extra glandular manifestations are uncommon, they can occur with the musculoskeletal, renal, pulmonary and hematological disease. We report the case of a 35-year-old woman presented to us with persistent unexplained bicytopenia (anemia and thrombocytopenia). Antinuclear antibody and direct Coombs test were positive. Anti-Ro/SSA and anti-La/SSB antibodies were also positive in high titer. The final diagnosis of primary SS with autoimmune cytopenia was made. Cytopenias in SS are rarely reported. Our case illustrates that clinically significant cytopenias may present as an extraglandular manifestation of SS.
Editorial
Authors: Pretorius Elizabeth , Murray Sarah
Published: November 2019

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Macroeconomic Effects of Reforms on Three Diverse Oil Exporters
Authors: Beidas-Strom Samya , Lorusso Marco
Published: November 2019

We build and estimate open economy two-bloc DSGE models to study the transmission and impact of shocks in Russia, Saudi Arabia and the United Kingdom. After accounting for country-specific fiscal and monetary sectors, we estimate their key policy and structural parameters. Our findings suggest that not only has output responded differently to shocks due to differing levels of diversification and structural and policy settings, but also the responses to fiscal consolidation differ: Russia would benefit from a smaller state foot-print, while in Saudi Arabia, unless this is accompanied by structural reforms that remove rigidities, output would fall. We also find that lower oil prices need not be bad news given more oil-intensive production structures. However, lower oil prices have hurt these oil producers as their public finances depend heavily on oil, among other factors. Productivity gains accompanied by ambitious structural reforms, along with fiscal and monetary reforms could support these economies to achieve better outcomes when oil prices fall, including via diversifying exports.
Macroeconomic Outcomes in Disaster-Prone Countries
Authors: Cantelmo Alessandro , Melina Giovanni , Papageorgiou Chris
Published: November 2019

Using a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model, we study the channels through which natural disaster shocks affect macroeconomic outcomes and welfare in disaster-prone countries. We solve the model using Taylor projection, a solution method that is shown to deal effectively with high-impact weather shocks calibrated in accordance to empirical evidence. We find large and persistent effects of weather shocks that significantly impact the income convergence path of disaster-prone countries. Relative to non-disaster-prone countries, on average, these shocks cause a welfare loss equivalent to a permanent fall in consumption of 1.6 percent. Welfare gains to countries that self-finance investments in resilient public infrastructure are found to be negligible, and international aid has to be sizable to achieve significant welfare gains. In addition, it is more cost-effective for donors to contribute to the financing of resilience before the realization of disasters, rather than disbursing aid after their realization.
Job Polarization and the Declining Fortunes of the Young
Authors: Dabla-Norris Era , Pizzinelli Carlo , Rappaport Jay
Published: November 2019

This paper uses a life-cycle framework to document new stylized facts about the nexus between job polarization and earnings inequality. Using quarterly labor force data for the UK over the period 2000-2018, we find clear life-cycle profiles in the probability of being employed within each occupation type and wages earned therein. Cohort plots and econometric analysis suggest that labor market outcomes and prospects have gradually worsened for the young. These adverse trends are particularly significant for low-skill women: estimated cohort effects point to a fall in wages within each occupation as well as a lower propensity of being employed in abstract-task occupations. We also find evidence of general occupational downgrading in the UK, with more educated workers taking up fewer high-skill occupations than they did in the past. Our analysis informs the policy debate over appropriate measures needed to reduce skill mismatches and alleviate labor market transitions.
Do Financial Markets Value Quality of Fiscal Governance?
Authors: Keita Kady , Leon Gene , Lima Frederico
Published: November 2019

We examine the link between the quality of fiscal governance and access to market-based external finance. Stronger fiscal governance is associated with improvements in several indicators of market access, including a higher likelihood of issuing sovereign bonds and having a sovereign credit rating, receiving stronger ratings, and obtaining lower spreads. Using the more granular information on quality of fiscal governance from Public Expenditure and Financial Accountability (PEFA) assessments for 89 emerging and developing economies, we find that similar indicators of market access are correlated with sound public financial management practices, especially those that improve budget transparency and reporting, debt management, and fiscal strategy.
Reducing uncertainties in satellite estimates of aerosol-cloud
interactions over the subtropical ocean by integrating vertically
resolved aerosol observations
Authors: Painemal David , Chang Fu-Lung , Ferrare Richard , Burton Sharon , Li Zhujun , Smith Jr. William L. , Minnis Patrick , Feng Yan , Clayton Marian
Published: November 2019

Abstract. Satellite quantification of aerosol effects on clouds relies on aerosol optical depth (AOD) as a proxy for aerosol concentration or cloud condensation nuclei (CCN). However, the lack of error characterization of satellite-based results hampers their use for the evaluation and improvement of global climate models. We show that the use of AOD for assessing aerosol-cloud interactions (ACI) is inadequate over vast oceanic areas in the subtropics. Instead, we postulate that a more physical approach that consists of matching vertically resolved aerosol data from the Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations (CALIPSO) satellite at the cloud-layer height with Aqua Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) cloud retrievals reduces uncertainties in satellite-based ACI estimates. Combined aerosol extinction coefficients (σ) below cloud-top (σBC) from the Cloud-Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization (CALIOP) and cloud droplet number concentrations (Nd) from Aqua-MODIS yield high correlations across a broad range of σBC values, with σBC quartile correlations > 0.78. In contrast, CALIOP-based AOD yields correlations with MODIS Nd of less than 0.62 for the two lower AOD quartiles. Moreover, σBC explains 41 % of the spatial variance in MODIS Nd, whereas AOD only explains 17 %, primarily caused by the lack of spatial covariability in the eastern Pacific. Compared with σBC, near-surface σ weakly correlates in space with MODIS Nd, accounting for a 16 % variance. It is concluded that the linear regression calculated from ln(Nd)−ln(σBC) (the standard method for quantifying ACI) is more physically meaningful than that derived from the Nd−AOD pair.
Impact of atomic chlorine on the modelling of total methane and its 13C : 12C isotopic ratio at global scale
Authors: Thanwerdas Joël , Saunois Marielle , Berchet Antoine , Pison Isabelle , Hauglustaine Didier , Ramonet Michel , Crevoisier Cyril , Baier Bianca , Sweeney Colm , Bousquet Philippe
Published: November 2019

Abstract. Methane (CH4) is the second strongest anthropogenic greenhouse gas after carbon dioxide (CO2) and is responsible for about 20 % of the warming induced by long-lived greenhouse gases since pre-industrial times. Oxidation by the hydroxyl radical (OH) is the dominant atmospheric sink for methane, contributing to approximately 90 % of the total methane loss. Chemical losses by reaction with atomic oxygen (O1D) and chlorine radicals (Cl) in the stratosphere are other sinks, contributing about 3 % to the total methane destruction. Moreover, the reaction with Cl is very fractionating, thus it has a much larger impact on δ13C-CH4 than the reaction with OH. In this paper, we assess the impact of atomic Cl on atmospheric methane mixing ratios, methane atmospheric loss and atmospheric δ13C-CH4. The offline version of the Global Circulation Model (GCM) LMDz, coupled to a chemistry module including the major methane chemical reactions, is run to simulate CH4 concentrations and δ13C-CH4 at the global scale. Atmospheric methane sink by Cl atoms in the stratosphere is found to be 7.32 ± 0.16 Tg/yr. Methane observations from vertical profiles obtained using AirCore samplers above 11 different locations across the globe and balloon measurements of δ13C-CH4 and methane are used to assess the impact of the Cl sink in the chemistry transport model. Above 10 km, the presence of Cl in the model is found to have only a small impact on the vertical profile of total methane but a major influence on δ13C-CH4 values, significantly improving the agreement between simulations and available observations. Stratospheric Cl is also found to have a substantial impact on surface δ13C-CH4 values, leading to a difference of +0.27 ‰ (less negative values) after a 19-year run. As a result, this study suggests that the Cl sink needs to be properly taken into account (magnitude and trends) in order to better understand trends in the atmospheric δ13C-CH4 signal when using atmospheric chemistry transport models for forward or inverse calculations.
Location Based Services for Human Self-Localization
Authors: Navratil Gerhard , Schmitzer Manuel , Giannopoulos Ioannis
Published: November 2019

Abstract. Human self-localisation is an important part of everyday life. In order to determine one’s own position and orientation, the allocentric representation, usually in the form of a map, has to be aligned with one’s own egocentric representation of the real world. This requires objects (anchor points) that are present in both representations. We present two novel approaches that aim to simplify the process of alignment and thus the self-localisation. The Viewshed approach is based on visibility analysis and the Image Recognition approach identifies objects and highlights them on the map. On the basis of an empirical experiment with 30 participants in the city of Vienna, Austria, the two approaches were compared with each other as well as with a standard approach using a 2D map representation. The goal is to assess and compare aspects like efficiency, user experience, and cognitive workload. Results show that the Image Recognition method provided the best support and was also most popular among users. The Viewshed method performed well below expectations.
Evaluating linked data location based services using the example of Stolpersteine
Authors: Homburg Timo , Böhm Klaus , Bruhn Nicole , Hubrich Gregor
Published: November 2019

Abstract. In this publication we introduce a linked data powered application which assists users to find so-called Stolpersteine, stones commemorating Jewish victims of the second world war. We show the feasibility of a dedicated location based service as an app using linked data resources and evaluate this approach against local data sources gathered by communities to find out if the current linked data environment can equally and/or sufficiently support an application in this knowledge domain.
Brief communication: Sampling c-axes distributions from the eigenvalues of ice fabric orientation tensors
Authors: Rongen Martin
Published: November 2019

Abstract. For simulation purposes involving different realizations of ice fabrics, it can be necessary to generate arbitrarily large samples of c-axes based on the second-order orientation tensor, a commonly used descriptive statistics provided in publications of ice core measurements. This paper describes a sampling technique based on the combination of a vertical girdle and a single maximum Watson distributions.
Using 3D turbulence-resolving simulations to understand the impact of surface properties on the energy balance of a debris-covered glacier
Authors: Bonekamp Pleun N. J. , van Heerwaarden Chiel C. , Steiner Jakob F. , Immerzeel Walter W.
Published: November 2019

Abstract. Debris-covered glaciers account for 18 % of the total glacier ice volume in High Mountain Asia, however the drivers controlling the melt of these glaciers are still largely unknown and their total contribution to the total glacier melt remains uncertain. Debris influences the surface energy balance and therefore glacier melt by influencing the thermal properties (e.g. albedo, thermal conductivity, roughness) of the glacier surface. In this study, the impact of surface properties of debris on the spatial distribution of micro meteorological variables, such as the turbulent fluxes, wind fields, moisture and temperature and eventually the conductive heat flux for a debris-covered glacier is investigated. We simulated a debris-covered glacier (Lirung Glacier, Nepal) at a high-resolution of 1 m with the MicroHH model with boundary conditions retrieved from an automatic weather station (temperature, wind and specific humidity) and UAV flights (digital elevation map and surface temperature), and the model is validated with eddy covariance data. Subsequently, a sensitivity analysis was performed to ascertain how heterogeneous surface variables control the glacier micro-climate. Additionally, we show ice cliffs are local melt hot spots and that turbulent fluxes and local heat advection amplify spatial heterogeneity on the surface. The high spatial variability of small-scale meteorological variables suggests that point based station observations cannot be simply extrapolated to an entire glacier and should be considered in future studies for a better estimation of glacier melt in High Mountain Asia.
Televisiones autonómicas y diversidad: análisis de la programación de Televisión del Principado de Asturias
Authors: Cañedo Azahara
Published: November 2019

Este artículo, planteado desde la perspectiva investigadora de la Economía Política de la Comunicación y la Cultura, analiza la diversidad ofertada de A7, la señal principal de Televisión del Principado de Asturias (TPA), desde su concepción de televisión pública de proximidad. La metodología aplicada se basa en una triangulación de datos que incluye un análisis documental, una propuesta propia de análisis de contenido de la parrilla de emisión, y la realización de entrevistas en profundidad a agentes clave implicados en el proceso de programación de TPA. Los resultados indican que A7 ofrece un servicio público de proximidad que garantiza la dinamización del audiovisual regional ya que los contenidos asturianos son predominantes. En términos lingüísticos, a pesar de que la emisión en la lengua propia del territorio es minoritaria, los contenidos en asturiano han aumentado gradualmente su presencia y están íntegramente vinculados a la producción doméstica. Respecto a los macrogéneros, se programa una alta variedad de estos pero su presencia es desequilibrada: A7 es una televisión informativa y de ficción que deja de lado el rol educativo de la televisión pública y la atención a minorías etarias.
Prácticas fotográficas contemporáneas en la cultura digital: Hacia un giro performativo
Authors: Jiménez López Gloria
Published: November 2019

A lo largo de este artículo se revisará la noción de performatividad aplicada al entorno de la comunicación visual contemporánea. La performatividad se propone como un posible paradigma de análisis de las imágenes que circulan en las redes sociales que puede posibilitar una mayor comprensión de las interacciones y de las prácticas fotográficas contemporáneas de la cultura digital.
La prensa en México durante el neoliberalismo (1994-2018). El caso "La Jornada" y "Reforma"
Authors: Hernández Medina Sergio Miguel , Nitrihual Valdebenito Luis , Segovia Alonso Ana I.
Published: November 2019

El presente artículo se centra en el desarrollo que los diarios La Jornada y Reforma tuvieron en las tres últimas décadas dentro del Sistema Político Mexicano. Para su análisis se utilizaron cuatro variables (desarrollo económico, ética profesional, estructura legal y paralelismo político), lo que permitió hacer una descripción general de la evolución de ambos diarios a partir de entrevistas en profundidad, basadas en núcleos temáticos y que fue aplicada a periodistas, editores y directores de dichos periódicos. La columna vertebral de la investigación parte de observaciones teóricas desde la Economía Política de la Comunicación y la metodología de análisis de modelos propuestos por Hallin y Mancini. La investigación presenta las repercusiones que el neoliberalismo ha tenido en el sistema de prensa mexicano desde los años noventa, a través del estudio de esos dos diarios.
El nuevo ecosistema informativo en Córdoba: un análisis a partir del caso del diario "Día a Día"
Authors: Guzzi Libera
Published: November 2019

Este trabajo se propone analizar algunos impactos que la nueva cultura digital tiene en la práctica profesional del periodismo en el ámbito local, a partir del estudio de un caso: el del diario Día a Día, que se editó en la ciudad de Córdoba (Argentina) entre 2004 y 2017. El objetivo es dar cuenta, en virtud de los datos recogidos a través de observaciones etnográficas y entrevistas semiestructuradas a algunos periodistas, del modo en que se han transformado las formas de construcción de la noticia. A partir del análisis realizado se constata la coexistencia de políticas editoriales y criterios de noticiabilidad distintos para el medio impreso y para el medio digital, y la vigencia de lógicas de tratamiento de la información tradicionales en lo que refiere a ciertos tópicos en los que históricamente el periodismo ha organizado y clasificado a los hechos de actualidad durante su etapa industrial.
El sistema electoral francés desde 1789: continuidad y cambio
Authors: Sánchez Navarro Ángel J.
Published: November 2019

El trabajo expone brevemente algunos rasgos de la evolución del Derecho electoral francés desde finales del siglo xviii. Subraya que, por debajo de las múltiples reformas habidas en esta materia, cabe apreciar evidentes continuidades, especialmente en lo que hace a la fórmula electoral (mayoritaria, uninominal, a varias vueltas). Lo cual lógicamente no oculta los profundos cambios experimentados por la propia significación del sistema electoral, sobre todo en un contexto en que las opciones políticas del legislador se ven radicalmente limitadas por la eficacia jurídica del principio de constitucionalidad.
Breve comentario a la Ley 2/1997, de 19 de junio, reguladora de la cláusula de conciencia de los profesionales de información
Authors: Soriano López Ildefonso
Published: November 2019

Se elabora un simple y completo comentario a la Ley referida sobre la cláusula de conciencia de los profesionales de la información con referencias al Derecho comparado y a la jurisprudencia nacional española.
Guerra y cultura histórica a finales del periodo colonial. El culto al conquistador Hernán Cortés entre el ejército borbónico
Authors: Soriano Muñoz Nuria
Published: November 2019

Este artículo pretende analizar la importancia política y cultural que tuvo Hernán Cortés entre las filas del ejército borbónico. Mi objetivo es profundizar en los pilares que sustentan la memoria cultural del conquistador de México, sus valores, significados y popularidad histórica en la segunda mitad del siglo XVIII e inicios del siglo XIX. Para ello, se abordará la literatura producida al calor de la controversia sobre el “Nuevo Mundo,” especialmente apologías, manuales, diarios y poemas en los que el polémico personaje es defendido de las acusaciones de crueldad y barbarie. Sus acciones de conquista se recuerdan con orgullo y nostalgia en un contexto de prolongados conflictos bélicos y de notable incremento de la literatura militar. La memoria encomiástica de Hernán Cortés, producida por hombres de armas como Antonio de Alcedo (1734-1812), José de Cadalso (1741-1782), Francisco Saavedra (1746-1819), Gaspar María de Nava (1760-1815), Dionisio Alcalá Galiano (1760-1805) y José Vargas Ponce (1760-1821), se entiende como rasgo compartido y mecanismo de solidaridad entre una milicia que contribuyó intensamente a la construcción del perfil histórico de Cortés. Esta reivindicación del personaje debe comprenderse, en definitiva, como una pequeña pieza de un proceso más amplio de heroización que recorre la cultura de finales de siglo. En último término, el elogio del conquistador extremeño se pondrá en relación con la propia identidad socioprofesional del ejército, la idea de la guerra y la construcción de una cultura histórica común.
Education, privacy, and big data algorithms: Taking the persons out of personalized learning
Authors: Regan Priscilla M. , Steeves Valerie
Published: November 2019

In this paper, we review the literature on philanthropy in education to provide a larger context for the role that technology company foundations, such as the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation and Chan Zuckerberg Initiative, are playing with respect to the development and implementation of personalized learning. We then analyze the ways that education magazines and tech company foundation outreach discuss personalized learning, paying special attention to issues of privacy. Our findings suggest that competing discourses on personalized learning revolve around contested meanings about the type of expertise needed for twenty-first century learning, what self-directed learning should look like, whether education is about process or content, and the type of evidence that is required to establish whether or not personalized learning leads to better student outcomes. Throughout, privacy issues remain a hot spot of conflict between the desire for more efficient outcomes and a whole child approach that is reminiscent of John Dewey’s insight that public education plays a special role in creating citizens.