bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Arterial blood gas sampling: using a safety and pre-heparinised syringe
Authors: Hill Steve , Moore Sally
Published: July 2018

Taking arterial blood gases (ABG) is an essential part of the diagnosis and management of critically ill patients. An arterial blood sample is collected from an artery, primarily to determine the ABGs. Health professionals should only undertake this if the procedure is in the legal scope of practice for their profession in their country, and they have demonstrated skilled, proficient, safe practice after formal training. Blood samples can be obtained via an arterial catheter inserted into an artery or percutaneously by using a needle to directly puncture into the artery. This article provides an overview of this subject area. It includes case studies where the Pulsator Plus Arterial Blood Gas Syringe (Smiths Medical) was used to safely and effectively collect blood samples for analysis.
The First Postlesion Minutes: An In Vivo Study of Extravasation and Perivascular Astrocytes Following Cerebral Lesions in Various Experimental Mouse Models
Authors: Tóth László , Szöllősi Dávid , Kis-Petik Katalin , Adorján István , Erdélyi Ferenc , Kálmán Mihály
Published: July 2018

The immediate alterations following lesions cannot be investigated by using fixed tissues. Here, we employed two-photon microscopy to study the alterations to the permeability of blood-brain barrier and to glio-vascular connections in vivo during the first minutes following cortical lesions in mice. Four models were used: (1) cryogenic lesion, (2) photodisruption using laser pulses, (3) photothrombosis, and (4) bilateral carotid ligation. Sulforhodamine101 was used for supravital labeling of astrocytes and dextran-bound fluorescein isothiocyanate for the assessment of extravasation. Transgenic mice, in which the endothelium and astrocytes expressed a yellow fluorescent protein, were also used. Astrocytic labeling in vivo was verified with postmortem immunostaining against glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). Summary of results: (1) the glio-vascular connections were stable in the intact brain with no sign of spontaneous dynamic attachment/detachment of glial end-feet; (2) only direct vascular damage (photodisruption or cryogenic) resulted in prompt extravasation; (3) even direct damage failed to provoke a prompt astroglial response. In conclusion, the results indicate that a detachment of the astrocytic end-feet does not precede the breakdown of blood-brain barrier following lesions. Whereas vasogenic edema develops immediately after the lesions, this is not the case with cytotoxic edemas. Time-lapse recordings and three-dimensional reconstructions are presented as supplemental materials.
Press councils as a traditional instrument of media self-regulation: The perceptions of European journalists
Authors: Mauri i de los Ríos Marcel , Rodríguez-Martínez Ruth , Maz Mònica Figueras , Fedele Maddalena
Published: July 2018

Press councils are among the traditional self-regulatory instruments present in most European countries and, as a part of a wider network of accountability systems, need to be analysed and evaluated. This article presents part of the results of a cross-national European project studying journalism, ethics and regulating systems, and focuses on the opinion of journalists from twelve European and two Arab Mediterranean countries regarding the perceived impact of press councils as instruments of self-regulation, compared with other traditional mechanisms. The study was conducted with a quantitative approach: an online questionnaire was administered to 1762 journalists, and data were analysed by using the SPSS software (significance set at <0.05). The sample was selected based on several criteria to achieve representative national sub-samples. The journalists’ answers about the perceived impact of different regulatory and self-regulatory instruments are analysed. Press councils are seen as having a mid-range perceived impact when compared with the other instruments. Journalists from the countries where press councils have been in place for a long time perceive the impact of these instruments to be higher, with the exception of the United Kingdom, a country that was a pioneer in the consolidation of press councils. Middle-aged, male and lower-income journalists attribute the lowest impact to press councils.
Intermedia agenda-setting effect in corporate news: Examining the influence of The New York Times and The Wall Street Journal on local newspapers
Authors: Zhang Xiaoqun
Published: July 2018

This study tested the first-level and second-level intermedia agenda-setting effect in corporate news. Significant correlations were found between the numbers of articles of nine food companies in the two US elite newspapers and many local newspapers. Significant correlations were also found between the number of articles containing seven attributes of a focal company, between the number of articles with four tonalities about it, and between the number of articles with four tonalities about its attributes. No strong evidence for the causal relationships was found. The significant correlations suggested that elite newspapers can be used as a proxy of local newspapers to explore the relationship between media coverage and corporate reputation. The test was based on a content analysis of 2817 news articles from The New York Times, Wall Street Journal and many US local newspapers.
Results of framing in music journalism: Benefits and burdens of being designated heir to a cultural icon
Authors: McClain Jordan M.
Published: July 2018

This article aims to expand media framing research beyond traditional content analyses of political coverage and examines the consequences of framing found in music journalism, since entertainment coverage receives a significant share of media and audience attention. To understand the results of such framing, nineteen interviews were conducted with content producers – a specific group of expert writers, editors and publishers who offered essential perspectives about the consequences of a particular case – focusing on the example of coverage frequently characterizing the band Phish (1983–present) vis-à-vis the Grateful Dead (1965–1995). Findings indicate that framing can be a problem for the framed subject, but can also lead to certain benefits.
They never made it to the end: Reader uses of a multimedia narrative
Authors: Kartveit Kate
Published: July 2018

How does an audience respond to the structure, visual design and narrative flow of a multimedia narrative? Are readers following the course that an author-driven linear reading path suggests? This study investigates these questions through an eye-tracking experiment. In research within news websites that employ eye-tracking experiments the case in this study represents a new phenomenon for investigation, the longform multimedia feature. It is also especially interesting to explore how the readers interact with this type of narrative because the narrative is constructed as an author-driven embedded multimedia story and thus resemble what Dowling and Vogan describe as the ‘urtext’ of the multimedia longform genre. The findings of this study indicate that readers navigate according to the authordriven narrative flow within a chapter/part. But the readers in this study missed or misunderstood the navigational options between story parts. The ongoing digitalization in media outlets and the experimentation and developing of journalistic products might benefit from research addressing multi-methodological approaches.
When societies crash: A critical analysis of news media’s social role in the aftermath of national disasters
Authors: Joye Stijn
Published: July 2018

Apart from their primary role as news providers in disaster situations, news media can also assume a broader social role. Drawing on a critically informed qualitative content analysis of the Belgian news reporting on a national disaster, the article reveals a twofold articulation of this social role. The first consisted in newspapers highlighting the emotional dimension with potential societal implications of raising compassion and identification. Second, we found a strong articulation of a discourse of (national) unity and community, aimed at restoring the disrupted social order in the disaster’s aftermath. Both aspects were discursively established by a dominant presence of emotional testimonies, strategies of personalization and by the use of inclusive language permeated with references to nation or community. The study highlights the important social role of journalism in disaster situations and events involving human suffering.
The Moroccan digital media’s representation of the Moroccan woman: A multimodal analysis to Hespress discourse
Authors: Acim Rachid
Published: July 2018

Of the many influences on how Moroccan people perceive the Moroccan woman, Moroccan digital media is presumably the most powerful tool used throughout; in fact, Moroccan digital media direct the public opinion, frame specific images, and perpetuate both realistic and unrealistic speculations about the Moroccan woman, whose voice is carefully selected and whose presence goes sometimes reported and at other times unreported. This article is a deep reflection of the overall images chosen to manufacture consensus about the Moroccan woman in the Moroccan digital media; more specifically, emphasis is going to be laid on how Hespress, as an emerging Moroccan news outlet, advertises different conceptions and representations about the Moroccan woman at home and overseas. The article is predicated on the notion of framing news stories, which propel journalists to decide on what is newsworthy and what is not. The researcher’s pivotal argument is that a process of selection is obviously developed by Hespress in its dealing with and detailing on the question of the Moroccan woman. Put otherwise, a large space is arguably accorded to certain women who have outperformed their peers in many vital sectors of life and led successful stories nationwide. As for those women, whose stories do not correlate with the policy and the editorial line of Hespress, they are devoiced and still marginalized. To address this topic more effectively, the researcher suggests utilizing a multimodal analysis to the discourse of Hespress about the Moroccan woman. A preliminary examination of the literature documenting the media’s discourse about her will be considered. Then, an elaboration of the methodology adopted will be explored. Finally, some pedagogical recommendations will be advanced in this article to enable students promote critical reading and hone not only their analytical but also their interpretative skills as concerns Hespress discourse on the Moroccan woman.
Journalists’ and news editors’ views on children as news subjects in Albanian media: Exploring issues of newsworthiness and self-censorship
Authors: Kaziaj Emiljano
Published: July 2018

This article explores the views of journalists and news editors on children in Albania, through a series of interviews with noted media professionals. This study finds that stories about children are not considered as newsworthy and children are mostly seen as unreliable stand-alone sources by journalists and news editors. As a mechanism to mitigate the risks of being refused by their editors, journalists increase the newsworthiness of children-focused news items by directing the story towards adults (mostly politicians) and by quoting them. Considering children’s perspectives in news coverage is essential, as it contributes to a social order that acknowledges children’s agency.
God and sport: Orientalism in Sports Illustrated coverage of religion
Authors: Ferrucci Patrick , Perreault Gregory P.
Published: July 2018

This study utilizes textual analysis to analyse how the popular and influential sports magazine Sports Illustrated covered religion over the period from 1 January 1994, to 1 September 2014. The data showed that the magazine wrote about religion in three primary ways: as an exotic characteristic that makes an athlete somehow odd, as incongruous since sports themselves display similar characteristics to religion, and as a front to hide some insidious real motive. These results are analysed through the lens of Edward Said’s theory of orientalism, which argues that the press tends to cover dominant groups as ‘normal’ and ‘others’ the remaining groups, which has been shown, historically, to have damaging impact. This study concludes with a discussion concerning how SI’s coverage of religion could impact society.
Cracking the coding ceiling: Looking at gender construction in data journalism from a field theory perspective
Authors: De Vuyst Sara
Published: July 2018

This article examines the construction of gender in data journalism from a field theory perspective. It focuses on the internal logic of data journalism as well as on its relationship with the computer field. Our research question explores how male and female data journalists accumulate capital and build careers in data journalism. We conducted 26 qualitative interviews with a cross-national sample of journalists who had varying levels of interest and experience in data journalism. The findings indicate that female journalists see both opportunities and challenges in data journalism. On the one hand, women entered the field of data journalism in an attempt to avoid male-dominated networks, harassment and gender segregation, which limits their opportunities for recruitment and career advancement in traditional journalism. On the other hand, data journalistic skills were discursively gendered. Digital capital, which could be exchanged for greater amounts of symbolic capital, was typically associated with masculinity.
Teaching vicarious trauma in the journalism classroom: An examination of educational provision in UK universities
Authors: Specht Doug , Tsilman Julia
Published: July 2018

The connections between vicarious trauma and the viewing of violent User-Generated Content (UGC) are becoming an increasingly important topic in journalism. As more journalist work begins to rely, or at least incorporate UGC, the risks to journalists have been shown to increase. This can lead to short, unpleasant careers, and in some cases, serious, long-lasting mental health risks. Yet while this discussion is beginning to unfold in the newsroom, universities are lagging behind in their understanding of the topic. This article, through content analysis of undergraduate course materials, and through interviews with lecturers and journalists, found that almost no course in the United Kingdom is teaching the risks of vicarious trauma or UGC. It was found that while some educators wish to make more of the topic, a number of institutional factors, such as lack of training and time, worries over duty of care, and available resources make this a difficult, if not impossible task. The article recommends a new emphasis is placed on vicarious trauma, coupled with training and interdepartmental support.
Journalism meets games: Newsgames as a new digital genre. Theory, boundaries, utilization
Authors: Meier Klaus
Published: July 2018

Newsgames are a young genre of digital journalism. This article analyses the genre on the basis of cases from various countries, puts it into context, critically examines the theoretical foundation and presents a study of utilization. A scientific definition takes the perspective of ‘boundary work’: It distinguishes Newsgames from other digital games (such as interestdriven, entertaining or educating games) and draws a boundary between Newsgames and other digital journalistic genres (such as multimedia reports, web documentaries or types of data journalism). The drawing of Newsgames boundaries highlights the general problems of drawing boundaries of journalism in digital media. To date, no study on the utilization of Newsgames exists. Our explorative and qualitative interviews and observations are situated within the framework of uses and gratifications research. Main categories are the level of awareness, information performance and success factors of Newsgames. The results show that the new genre possesses a wide range of possibilities that cannot be uniformly assessed. Ethical doubts as to whether serious topics should be played in games are offset against the benefit of creating interest and empathy. Users want to experience success when playing – an aspect that emphasizes the competitive character and distinguishes Newsgames from other genres.
The journalism of Gannett Blog: Revealing communities of practice and social construction through collective dynamics
Authors: Schulte William
Published: July 2018

Gannett Company was one of the largest media operations in the United States but struggled in recent years with loss of revenue and circulation. Gannett Blog reported news related to the company from 2007 to 2014. The blog was independent and covered corporate news, job loss and issues of ethics. This used Gannett Blog to study how individuals reacted to their changing workplace. As information was gathered and presented from multiple users, a crowdsourcing dynamic gave context to Gannett’s landscape. Theories of communities of practice and social construction underpin this study. This study suggests that the rhetoric on Gannett Blog evolved into more than a distribution channel for information. It became a social space where original information evolved and helped negotiate social meaning for the users. Overall, this study found that communities of professionals could be influential in growing a journalistic product as per the tenets of the communities of influence model. This study also identified themes consistent with news workers using Gannett Blog for community building, expanding knowledge and maintaining professionalism during industry change.
Decolonialidade como epistemologia para o campo teórico da internacionalização da Educação Superior
Authors: Leal Fernanda Geremias , Moraes Mário César Barreto
Published: July 2018

O objetivo deste artigo é propor uma aproximação entre a perspectiva epistemológica decolonial e o campo teórico da internacionalização da educação superior, com base nos pressupostos de que 1. As desigualdades subjacentes às relações Norte-Sul também se manifestam no domínio da educação superior internacional e 2. A produção científica desse campo pode ser mais significativa e funcional aos países do Sul se consideradas suas raízes epistêmicas e condicionalidades históricas. Inicialmente, contextualiza-se a decolonialidade como postura epistemológica e tradição de pesquisa. Na sequência, abordam-se as contradições evidenciadas na educação superior internacional contemporânea. O estudo segue com o debate sobre a inserção da perspectiva decolonial nos estudos sobre internacionalização, tendo como referência o projeto intelectual de crítica/resistência dessa epistemologia em relação às tendências eurocentradas da modernidade, cuja manifestação mais influente na educação superior é a globalização em curso. Buscas sistemáticas nas bases Portal de Periódicos Capes e Scopus reforçam essa possibilidade de aproximação, pois revelam um debate científico internacional acerca das formas coloniais/neocoloniais presentes na educação superior e indicam haver espaço para o desenvolvimento de estudos decoloniais nesse campo. Nas considerações finais, apresenta-se a cooperação Sul-Sul como possível objeto de interesse empírico para a pesquisa científica em internacionalização sob as lentes teóricas da decolonialidade.
Por uma pedagogia decolonial na América Latina: Convergências entre a educação popular e a investigação-ação participativa
Authors: Mota Neto João Colares da
Published: July 2018

O artigo analisa possibilidades de convergência entre a educação popular e a investigação-ação participativa, tomando como referência o pensamento do pedagogo brasileiro Paulo Freire e do cientista social colombiano Orlando Fals Borda. Em particular, perscruta estas convergências com vistas a identificar elementos para a constituição de uma pedagogia decolonial na América Latina. Trata-se de uma pesquisa inserida no campo da história comparada do pensamento social latino-americano, utilizando-se como fontes primárias diversas obras de Paulo Freire e Orlando Fals Borda. O artigo defende o argumento de que a convergência entre a educação popular e a investigação-ação participativa é uma das mais fecundas, criativas e instigantes contribuições intelectuais já produzidas na América Latina, capaz de apontar para uma pedagogia decolonial que enfrente o colonialismo intelectual, o tradicionalismo pedagógico e o autoritarismo da ciência moderno-colonial.
Los jóvenes, el pensamiento-otro, y la micro-geopolítica de conocimiento entre generaciones en las Secundarias Comunitarias Indígenas de Oaxaca, México
Authors: Briseño Roa Julieta
Published: July 2018

En Oaxaca (México) la comunalidad como pensamiento contra-hegemónico permeó en el movimiento magisterial indígena, aportando al reconocimiento de la existencia de una geopolítica de conocimientos como estrategia de la modernidad/colonialidad. El artículo pretende contribuir con evidencias etnográficas la construcción cotidiana de uno de los proyectos de educación comunitaria: el modelo de las Secundarias Comunitarias Indígenas (SCI) del estado Oaxaca, concebido como un proyecto de emancipación epistémica. Con el fin de aportar a la discusión sobre prácticas decoloniales que promueven la construcción de un pensamiento-otro en los jóvenes, analiza una práctica escolar donde se tensionan dos formas de concebir la educación indígena entre dos generaciones. A partir de las evidencias se discute la pertinencia del modelo de Educación Intercultural Bilingüe (EIB) en México dirigido a los pueblos indígenas.
Pedagogias do Sul e subjetivação política: Os Bachilleratos Populares na Argentina como parte dos “movimentos pedagógicos latino-americanos"
Authors: Said Shirly
Published: July 2018

Neste artigo, recuperamos a abordagem da sociologia das emergências e vinculamos a proposta do pensamento decolonial às pedagogias críticas latino-americanas. Com esse quadro conceitual, e cruzando diversas concepções sobre a subjetividade política, propomo-nos a abordar a experiência dos Bachilleratos Populares de Jovens e Adultos na Argentina (BPJA) como parte dos movimentos pedagógicos latino-americanos orientados à reconstrução crítica do saber pedagógico. Os BPJA são escolas secundárias para jovens e adultos que trabalham de modo autogerido, no âmbito das organizações territoriais e das fábricas recuperadas, e adotam um projeto político-pedagógico ligado à educação popular de caráter emancipatório. Exigem que o Estado garanta o direito à educação para todos os setores sociais, ao mesmo tempo em que defendem a autonomia política e pedagógica de seu currículo. Como parte das novas formas de construção social, política e, portanto, pedagógica de vários movimentos sociais latino-americanos, propomos que os BPJA são uma expressão significativa da gestação de alternativas emergentes que, com grande potencial criativo e autorreflexivo, conseguiram pôr em questão certas formas tradicionais de educação, orientando-se à formação de sujeitos políticos e críticos, e transformando-se, eles próprios, em sujeitos pedagógicos coletivos.
A decolonialidade como emergência epistemológica para o ensino de história
Authors: Müller Tânia Mara Pedroso , Ferreira Paulo Antonio Barbosa
Published: July 2018

O presente trabalho visa apresentar os resultados e reflexões obtidos numa pesquisa realizada no campo das Relações Étnico-raciais, que tinha como objetivo compreender os efeitos de sentido que os discursos dos materiais didáticos produzem em diálogo com os contextos em que forem inseridos. Tivemos como arcabouço teórico-metodológico as contribuições de diferentes autores vinculados ao pensamento decolonial e a perspectiva de análise discursiva, mais especificamente a corrente enunciativa. Nosso objeto de estudo foi o Livro Didático Integrado de História para o ensino médio da educação básica do Grupo Positivo de Ensino. A escolha específica deste sistema se justifica pelo tamanho alcançado no mercado escolar privado e a lucratividade obtida pelas editoras, tendo em vista a grandeza do Grupo Positivo. Concluímos que objeto de análise é eivado de discurso ideológico no qual negros e negras estão postos como sujeitos subalternos na história.
Em tempos de neocolonialismo: Escola sem partido ou Escola partida?
Authors: Giorgi Maria Cristina , Daher Del Carmen , Paiva de Medeiros Vargens Dayala , Carneiro de Melo Fabiany
Published: July 2018

Neste artigo temos como objetivo discutir as perspectivas e projeções do Escola sem Partido (EsP), movimento que surge no Brasil em 2004 e ganha força no contexto das ofensivas conservadoras mais recentes e afirma ter como pauta principal uma “educação sem doutrinação”, além de defender um modelo de escola que se caracteriza por ser “sem partido”. Embasamos nossas reflexões na Pedagogia decolonial (Oliveira, 2016; Walsh, 2009) uma vez que entendemos o movimento EsP como um novo modo de colonizar as nossas escolas, com ideias que voltariam a servir aos interesses de grupos que bastante se aproximam daqueles que foram e ainda são beneficiados pela boa educação desde a época da colonização. Também lançamos mão da noção de sociedade disciplinar de Foucault (1982, 2004) para refletir sobre os mecanismos de controle sobre o trabalho docente propostos pelo EsP. Fazemos breve percurso sobre diferentes contextos históricos da escola no Brasil, sublinhando a indissociabilidade entre poder, política e educação. Nossas análises apontam que as forças conservadoras ligadas a projetos neoliberais têm empreendido verdadeiro ataque à educação pública pondo em risco conquistas populares e o esvaziamento do sentido efetivo de democracia no âmbito escolar.
Linguagem, literatura e construção de identidades em práticas pedagógicas: O ensino de línguas estrangeiras em uma perspectiva de resistência
Authors: Silva Luciana de Mesquita , Souza Alice Moraes Rego de , Almeida Fabio Sampaio de
Published: July 2018

Este trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar e teorizar o Sarau das Letras: linguagens na construção de identidades, atividade artístico-cultural realizada em conjunto entre docentes e discentes das disciplinas de Língua Espanhola e Inglesa, ofertadas no âmbito do curso superior de Turismo do Cefet/RJ campus Petrópolis. Em termos de fundamentos, procuramos articular a perspectiva discursiva de linguagem à teorização pós-colonial /decolonial, tais articulações teóricas buscam trazer à tona certa concepção de língua como imbricada ao social e como espaço de manifestação e embates entre diferentes práticas discursivas. A apresentação do Sarau é feita por meio de uma descrição geral das performances expostas durante o evento e também por uma análise mais aprofundada de quatro poemas declamados pelos alunos, buscando mostrar a importância de se discutir e dar visibilidade a vozes de resistência, por vezes, subalternizadas. A partir da reflexão teórico-prática desenvolvida no decorrer deste artigo foi possível compreender a relevância do ensino de línguas estrangeiras na formação crítica e ampla de cidadãos, tendo em vista o compromisso ético e político de compartilhar com nossos estudantes a visão de que, por meio da língua(gem), se manifestam e circulam disputas de posicionamentos sobre as diversas formas de ser em nossa sociedade.
Educação pela tradição oral de matriz Africana no Brasil: Ancestralidade, resistência e constituição humana
Authors: Barros Daniela , Pequeno Saulo , Pederiva Patrícia Lima Martins
Published: July 2018

Este artigo buscou compreender os processos educativos da tradição oral de matriz africana no Brasil, entendendo a transmissão de saberes tradicionais como processo de constituição humana. Esta tradição oral, fundada na ancestralidade, traz na sua essência o caráter da resistência à colonização desde a sua origem, e permanece resistindo, transmitindo oralmente seus saberes, memória e história. Assim, pode-se afirmar que os processos educativos da tradição oral de matriz africana constituem em seus detentores um posicionamento combativo e resistente às opressões do sistema-mundo moderno/colonial. Foi realizada etnografia em grupos e comunidades tradicionais de matriz africana localizadas em duas cidades do estado da Bahia, Brasil: a Casa de Oxumarê, em Salvador, e nas culturas tradicionais como o Samba de Roda, a Chegança e a Renda de Bilros em Saubara. O objetivo foi investigar como acontecem os processos educativos pela oralidade e como contribuem para a constituição humana de seus detentores. A partir do campo enuncia-se que o exercício da consciência ancestral torna-se elemento educativo anticolonial, em que os grupos e comunidades tradicionais de matriz africana no Brasil permanecem reafirmando perante o mundo suas formas de educar, resistir e reexistir.
Pedagogia da Ayahuasca: Por uma decolonização epistêmica do saber
Authors: Albuquerque Maria Betania
Published: July 2018

O artigo analisa uma modalidade singular de educação mediada pelo consumo da ayahuasca, bebida feita de plantas de origem amazônica utilizada no contexto ritual da religião do Santo Daime. Em função das diversas aprendizagens que engendram, essas plantas são consideradas pelos adeptos como professoras. Mas, como compreender essa educação cujo mestre não é um humano e sim uma planta? Que saberes perpassam uma tal prática educativa? Como situar epistemologicamente esse tipo de educação? São questões refletidas neste artigo que tem como objetivo analisar a dimensão educativa do daime e os saberes que perpassam essa experiência pedagógica, bem como refletir sobre a lógica epistêmica que caracteriza essa experiência. Para tanto, considera a bibliografia relativa ao uso da ayahuasca e à religião do Santo Daime, bem como depoimentos orais de pessoas que consomem o daime em diferentes regiões do Brasil e do exterior. Teoricamente, o artigo apoia-se no conceito amplo de educação como cultura suscitado por Brandão (2002); na crítica epistemológica de Boaventura de Sousa Santos (2008, 2009) relativa à soberania epistêmica da ciência em seu afã de legislar sobre o que conta como conhecimento válido, bem como no conceito de mediadores culturais do historiador Serge Gruzinski (2003).
Memórias outras, patrimônios outros, e decolonialidades: Contribuições teórico-metodológicas para o estudo de história da África e dos afrodescendentes e de história dos Indígenas no Brasil
Authors: Paim Elison Antonio , Araújo Helena Maria Marques
Published: July 2018

Este artigo entrecruza educação, memória, patrimônio e relações étnicorraciais. No território brasileiro, frequentemente percebemos que os documentos oficiais e boa parte dos livros didáticos têm historicamente negligenciado as questões do patrimônio, das memórias, histórias e culturas indígenas, africanas e afro-brasileiras, ou seja, as memórias e histórias outras - mesmo sendo legalmente obrigatório o seu ensino. Apresentamos possibilidades para pensar os diferentes saberes, fazeres, memórias de experiências educativas desenvolvidas em múltiplos espaços e tempos, bem como, identificar como memórias, patrimônios e temáticas étnicorraciais são pensados numa perspectiva da decolonialidade. Ampliamos as relações de diálogo entre o campo de pesquisa do patrimônio cultural e relações étnicorraciais, procurando identificar em que medida as políticas públicas da educação se aproximam ou se distanciam dos patrimônios e temáticas étnicorraciais. Teoricamente nos pautamos nos autores da epistemologia decolonial, da interculturalidade, das relações étnicorraciais, dentre outros. O artigo está organizado de forma a explicitar aspectos teórico-metodológicos para a construção de pensamento conceitual sobre decolonialidade, memórias oficiais e contra-hegemônicas, patrimônios e identidades, cultura e história dos povos afrobrasileiros, cultura e história dos povos indígenas e como estas diferentes categorias se entretecem como possibilidade para construção de pensamentos e práticas outras.
Colonialidade e pedagogia decolonial: Para pensar uma educação outra
Authors: Walsh Catherine , Oliveira Luiz Fernandes de , Candau Vera Maria
Published: July 2018

O presente artigo tem como objetivo apresentar o Dossiê Colonialidade e Pedagogia Decolonial. Apresentamos e discutimos no texto a perspectiva teórica Modernidade/Colonialidade e os seus principais conceitos que mobilizam o dossiê, especialmente os conceitos de modernidade, de colonialidade e da pedagogia decolonial. Por fim, apresentamos como se desenvolve o debate sobre colonialidade e pedagogia decolonial neste dossiê, destacando que esta perspectiva teórica se constrói em diálogo com as diversas realidades educacionais e dos movimentos sociais.
Internet-based epistemic beliefs, engagement in online activities, and intention for constructivist ICT integration among pre-service teachers
Authors: Lee Yuan-Hsuan
Published: July 2018

This study investigated pre-service teachers’ epistemic beliefs about the Internet using the Inventory of Internet-Based Epistemic Beliefs (IBEB). Also examined were their belief profiles to delineate the effect of IBEB on pre-service teachers’ engagement in online reading activities and intention for ICT integration for constructivist learning activities. Participants were 474 teacher education students in Taiwan. Results revealed the four hypothesised constructs – structure, uncertainty, source, and justification for Internet knowledge – with good validity and reliability. Four epistemic belief groups were derived based on these constructs; and they exhibited differential effects on the validating variables. Cluster 1 was characterised by four positive epistemic beliefs (the positive beliefs), Cluster 2 by four negative epistemic beliefs (the negative beliefs), Cluster 3 by modest scores of the epistemic beliefs (the modest beliefs), and Cluster 4 by positive uncertainty and justification scores as well as negative structure and source scores (the high justification and uncertainty). Findings suggest that intervention targeting pre-service teachers in the negative beliefs and the modest beliefs may be necessary to foster positive epistemic beliefs for better constructivist learning in the online environment.
Mobile learning in pre-service teacher education: Examining the use of professional learning networks
Authors: Kearney Matthew , Maher Damian
Published: July 2018

Interest in how to use mobile devices to support teaching and learning has increased as technologies have become more sophisticated and ubiquitous. A recent focus in teacher education is the use of mobile devices to support teachers’ professional learning networks (PLNs). This study investigates how pre-service teachers (PSTs) use mobile technologies to support different aspects of their PLN activities. The study uses a qualitative methodology, where data from focus group discussions, artefact collection, and participant journals kept by 11 final year PSTs provided nuanced insights into their mobile learning practices. A validated mobile pedagogical framework (Kearney, Schuck, Burden, & Aubusson, 2012) is used to analyse the data. Findings uncover a deeper understanding of exemplary mobile learning approaches in initial teacher education and have implications for effective preparation of PSTs for career-long professional learning.
The effects of international email and Skype interactions on computer-mediated communication perceptions and attitudes and intercultural competence in Taiwanese students
Authors: Hsu Shih-Yin Stella , Beasley Robert E.
Published: July 2018

Learners in an English as a foreign language (EFL) context seldom have the opportunity to interact with people from other cultures and experience intercultural communication in English to foster their intercultural competence (IC), whether inside or outside of the classroom. In an effort to create a brand new opportunity to boost target language interactions, this study utilised two computer-mediated communication (CMC) tools, namely email and Skype, to involve Taiwanese EFL university students in an intercultural project to discuss interesting and cultural topics with university students from the USA. Data were collected from Taiwanese students’ reflective journals, a post-project questionnaire, and interviews. The study’s results indicate that despite encountering numerous problems initially, Taiwanese students eventually have strong positive perceptions and attitudes toward intercultural CMC learning experiences, which can facilitate efficient online discussions with native speakers of the target language and can promote IC. Thus, endeavours to implement such expedient, innovative, and beneficial methods in foreign language courses are encouraged.
Performance Evaluation of a Developed Cashew Nut Shell Liquid Expeller
Authors: Aina Elijah Oladimeji , Adisa Alex Folami , Olayanju Tajudeen Mukaila Adeniyi , ismaila Salami Olasunkanmi
Published: July 2018

The thick vesicant oil liquid contained in the shell of cashew nut, called cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL), has been known for its innumerable applications in chemical industries. Performance evaluation of a newly developed CNSL expeller was carried out to determine the effect of moisture content and pressing duration on extraction parameters. The nut shells were grouped as A: 14.00-16.99%, B: 17.00-19.99% and C: 20.00-22.99% (w.b.) moisture content at 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 minutes pressing time and combination of 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 kg of cashew nut shells. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used for the stastical analysis. The best mass of liquid extracted, best extraction efficiency and best percentage oil recovery occured at pressing duration of 10 minutes and moisture content of 14.00-16.99% (w.b.), while the best machine capacity was at pressing duration of 2 minutes and moisture content of 14.00-16.99% (w.b.). Results showed that the effects of the pressing duration and moisture content on mass of liquid extracted, machine capacity, extraction efficiency and percentage liquid recovery were significant at 0.05. Meanwhile, the effects of the pressing duration and moisture contents were not significant for the feed rate. Increase in the pressing duration at decreasingthe moisture content resulted in the increase in the mass of liquid extracted, extraction efficiency and percentage liquid recovery while increase in pressing duration and moisture content resulted in decrease in machine capacity of the expeller.
Development of New Technologies for Cattle Breeding Systems Taking Into Account Sustainable Environmental Conditions
Authors: Barwicki Jan , Kuboń Maciej , Marczuk Andrzej
Published: July 2018

Properly designed housing buildings, with regard to reduction of a negative influence on environment, are necessary for ensuring sustainable development in agriculture. The objective of this paper was to show the results of environmental conditions research on high milk yield dairy cattle in different housing systems. Temperature and relative humidity of air and concentrations of harmful gases − ammonia and carbon dioxide accompanying them were investigated.
Analysis of Performance of Short Tree Logging with Farm Tractor and Logging Trailer
Authors: Kormanek Mariusz , Fiszer Mateusz
Published: July 2018

The paper presents analysis of efficiency of the logging unit comprising Belarus 820 farm tractor and PD80 logging trailer equipped with Ryś-1 crane. Analysis was made based on the working day timing. The unit logged 1- meter long tree pieces (hornbeam, oak, birch) from the area where material for logging was distributed irregularly on the entire felling site. Unfavourable atmospheric conditions were reported during the working day (a thick layer of snow, low temperature, not frozen soil) which could have influenced the unit operation performance. Despite that the performance of the logging unit was comparable to similar logging units described in the literature. Determined coefficient of use of the operating time of the machine K02
was 0.93, coefficient of use of the shift working time K04
− 0.9, coefficient of use of the shift exploitation time K07
− 0.8. Hourly performance in the shift exploitation time was 4.98 m3·h−1, efficiency in the shift working time W02
− 4.80 m3·h−1 and performance in the general shift time W07
− 4.30 m3·h−1.
Vertical Forces Acting on Cultivator Tines in the Aspect of Shearing Speed and Flexibility of Tines
Authors: Lejman Krzysztof , Owsiak Zygmunt , Pieczarka Krzysztof , Sekutowski Tomasz
Published: July 2018

The objective of the paper was to determine the impact of the shearing speed and cultivator tines flexibility on the vertical forces value. The study was carried out in field conditions in sandy clay soil and the average moisture of 11.2%. The vertical forces acting on four “s” tines with flexibility of 0.0061; 0.0711; 0.0953 and 0.1406 m∙kN−1 were measured. Tines were ended with a cultivator point with the curvature radius of 0.17 m. Measurements were made for four shearing speeds (1.0; 1.7; 2.4 and 3.0 m·s−1) and the shearing depth of 11 cm. A stand for measurement of forces acting on soil shearing farm tools in field conditions was used. It was concluded that the shearing speed caused a linear increase of the vertical force but the growth gradient does not depend on the tines flexibility. It was also concluded that the increase in flexibility causes an initial increase and then decrease of the vertical force, which was described with the second degree parabola equation. Flexibilities, at which extremes of courses occur, grow along with the reduction of the shearing speed.
Process Efficiency and Energy Consumption During the Extrusion of Potato and Multigrain Formulations
Authors: Matysiak Arkadiusz , Wójtowicz Agnieszka , Oniszczuk Tomasz
Published: July 2018

The aim of the research was to determine the effect of extrusion conditions (various moisture content of raw materials and screw rotation speed), as well as the effect of recipe composition on the process efficiency and the energy consumption during treatment of potato and multigrain products. The efficiency of the extrusion process (Q) was determined by the mass of the product obtained at a given time for all prepared raw material mixtures and the process parameters used, while the specific mechanical energy demand was determined using the SME index. The obtained results allow to conclude that the level of raw materials moisture content had a greater impact on the efficiency and energy consumption of the extrusion process than the variable screw speed during the treatment. The efficiency of the process increased with the increasing moisture of the tested compositions, while a decrease in the requirements of SME was observed. The use of differentiated raw material compositions also influenced the Q and SME values determined during the tests.
The Use of Slow-Release Fertilizers as a Part of Optimization of Celeriac Production Technology
Authors: Niemiec Marcin , Komorowska Monika
Published: July 2018

The aim of this study was to assess the possibility of using slow-release fertilizers under intensive vegetable cultivation. To achieve the set research objective, a field experiment was set up in 2017, where slow-release fertilizer (NPK (%) 20-10-10+4MgO) was applied. The experiment comprised three levels of fertilization with the use of slow-release fertilizers, the control without fertilization, and the control fertilized with conventional fertilizers. The slow-release fertilizer was applied directly under each plant and in rows – approximately 8 cm below the root level. The designed systems were evaluated based on the size of commercial yield, productivity index, agronomic efficiency index, removal efficiency index, and physiological efficiency index. The results obtained in the field experiment indicate that the highest plant yield (54.22 Mg of commercial yield∙ha−1) was obtained at the highest dose of slow-release fertilizers (600 kg∙ha−1 applied in rows approximately 8 cm below the root level). In the case of direct fertilization, in the treatment with the highest dose of slow-release fertilizer, a reduction in yield was observed. The best results, in terms of equalizing the mass of individual roots, were obtained under conventional fertilization. The most favorable value of the productivity index was obtained in the variant where 400 kg∙ha−1 slow-release fertilizer was applied directly, while in the case of row application the best results were obtained at the dose of 600 kg∙ha−1. Celeriac fertilization with slow-release fertilizers under root may result in producing a yield of bigger differences in root mass, compared to conventional fertilization system.
The Impact of Shearing and Flexibility of Cultivator Tines on the Vertical Forces Value
Authors: Owsiak Zygmunt , Lejman Krzysztof , Pieczarka Krzysztof , Sekutowski Tomasz
Published: July 2018

The paper presents the outcomes of the research on the impact of shearing depth and flexibility of cultivator tines with cultivator points on the value of vertical forces acting thereon. The object of the research consisted in “S” tines with the flexibility coefficient of 0.0061; 0.0711; 0.0953 and 0.1406 m∙kN−1. The investigations were carried out in field conditions in sandy clay soil with moisture of 11.2%. The forces were measured for the assumed shearing depths which were 5, 9 and 13 cm at the shearing speed of 3 m∙s−1. A stand for measurement of forces acting on soil shearing tools in the field conditions was used. It was found out that the increase of the shearing depth causes a linear increase of the vertical force, but the force gradient decreases with the growth of the tine flexibility. Moreover, it was found out that the increase of the tine flexibility at the beginning causes the increase and then the decrease of the vertical force regardless the shearing depth. The impact of flexibility on the vertical force value was described with the parabola equation. The tines flexibility, at which the highest value of vertical force may be expected, grows with the reduction of the shearing depth.
Impact of Caustic Soda Solution Temperature on Efficiency of its Cleaning on Solid Sediments After Completed Process of Cleaning in CIP System of Brewing Unit
Authors: Piepiórka-Stepuk Joanna
Published: July 2018

The paper presents the results of analysis concerning the impact of temperature on sedimentation in the caustic soda solution that constitute a contamination after the process of cleaning utensils and pipes for hopped wort transport in the brewery. The solution was collected from the production plant after the process of cleaning and subjected to 12-hour sedimentation and changes of the solid particles participation, their size and percentage share in the solution was determined. The study was carried out with the Shadow Sizing method. The results were subjected to statistical analysis and the surface area of the response of the relation between the time and temperature of sedimentation and the number of particles which stay in the solution was calculated. The research results proved that the temperature significantly affects the cleaning degree of solutions by sedimentation and its duration. After sedimentation in solutions, particles with the surface area from 0.001-0.003 mm2 remain. Those particles are not subject to sedimentation and constitute a coloidal suspension in the solution.