bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Initial and Early Upper Palaeolithic “Thin” Leaf-shaped Bifaces: Technology, Shaping and Stone Raw Material
Authors:   Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Belousova Natalia , Rodionov Anton ,   Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vishnevskiy Andrey ,   Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences,   V. S. Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Fedorchenko Alexander ,   Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Mikhienko Valeria ,   Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Seletskiy Maxim ,   Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: March 2022

The tradition of producing bifacial leafshaped points in Altai demonstrates a relationship with the culture and life support strategies of its earliest Upper Palaeolithic inhabitants. Here we present the reconstruction of bifacial technologies, based on the study of published data and archaeological collections, the latest results of geological and mineralogical data and experiments. The application of the well-known techniques of processing thin flint bifaces characteristic of the Russian Plain to the raw materials of Altai and to the local canons of producing bifacial tools makes it possible to reveal a number of factors that have a considerable effect on the morphology of the bifacial end products. We concluded that the transition from the massive Middle Palaeolithic bifaces to the thin and symmetrical leafshaped forms of the Initial and Early Upper Palaeolithic was associated with changes in stone processing. We found that the peculiarities of the Altai raw materials with their specific consumer characteristics and a high level of petrographic diversity did not exert much influence on the techniques of biface manufacture, but had a profoiund effect on the process of secondary thinning. As a result, the finished products turned out to be more massive than those made of flint. The results of the study confirm the need for a flexible approach to understanding the term «thin» biface.
Chronology of Archaeological Complexes with Geometric Microliths in Northern Mongolia
Authors:   Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Khatsenovich Arina , Rybin Evgeny ,   Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Parkhomchuk Ekaterina ,   Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Zhilich Snezhana ,   Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Bolorbat Tsedendorj ,   Institute of Archaeology of the Mongolian Academy of Sciences, Petrozhitskiy Alexey ,   Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (BINP SB RAS), Bazargur Dashzeveg ,   Institute of Archaeology of the Mongolian Academy of Sciences, Odsuren Davaakhuu ,   Institute of Archaeology of the Mongolian Academy of Sciences, Tserendagva Yadmaa ,   Institute of Archaeology of the Mongolian Academy of Sciences, Gunchinsuren Byambaa ,   Institute of Archaeology of the Mongolian Academy of Sciences, W. Olsen John ,   School of Anthropology, University of Arizona
Published: March 2022

Upper Palaeolithic microlithic complexes in Northeast Asia are usually included in the spectrum of non-geometric industries. Mongolia, which is considered a possible crossroads of Middle and Upper Paleolithic migration routes due to its environmental and geographic conditions, is the only exception in this vast region. The Tolbor cluster of sites in the Middle Selenga Basin contains lithic complexes with trapezes and segments. We define the chronology of geometric microliths in northern Mongolia based on a series on new radiocarbon dates obtained for the Kharganyn Gol 5 site. The available evidrnce seems to indicate the autochthonous appearance of geometric microliths in northern Mongolia and a lack of connections with Mesolithic microlithic types found in the Gobi Altai region to the south.
Interaction between apolipoprotein E genotyping, serum inflammatory biomarkers and cognitive functions in Egyptian elderly
Authors:   Geriatrics & Gerontology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt, Amer Moatassem , Hamza Sarah , Shaltoot Heba ,   Geriatrics & Gerontology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt, Zaki Osama ,   Genetics Unit, Ain Shams University Hospitals, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo, Egypt, Saad Wessam ,   Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams university, Cairo, Egypt, Saab Azza ,   Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams university, Cairo, Egypt, Abdelrahman Ekramy ,   Geriatrics & Gerontology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
Published: February 2022

There is evidence consistent with the hypothesis that genetic, inflammatory and immune mechanisms are involved in the pathogenesis of AD. The aim of this study is to assess the relationship between Apolipoprotein E (Apo E), serum levels of inflammatory markers, and cognitive functions among elderly patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) compared to elderly with normal cognitive function. 88 participants (≥60 years) from Ain Shams University Hospital were enrolled. They were divided into 3 groups: Group A (32 elderly patients with AD), Group B (32 elderly patients with MCI) and Group C (24 controls with normal cognitive function). All participants were subjected to comprehensive geriatric assessment, Apo E genotyping, measurement of C-reactive protein (CRP) and Alpha-1-antichymotrypsin (ACT), by PCR-RFLP, ELIZA and semi-quantitative method respectively. The most common variant of Apo E gene was E3/E3 being more frequent in healthy control group (HC) than the other two groups and the least common variant was E4/E4 detected only in the AD group. ApoE4 allele was associated with 40.6% of AD patients (where 31.4% were heterozygous and 8.6 % homozygous) and 17.1% of MCI patients, whereas ApoE2 was more prevalent in the control group (P<0.05). A significant difference was observed when Mini mental status Examination (MMSE) score in different Apo E alleles was compared (P<0.01). The highest score was associated with (E2/E3) allele whereas, the lowest score was associated with (E4/E4) allele. Regarding inflammatory markers; CRP levels showed a statistically significant difference between the 3 groups and were higher in the AD group than the other 2 groups. (P<0.01). There was no statistically significant difference between the 3 groups as regard ACT level (P>0.05). Carriers of at least one E4 allele showed great risk to develop AD when combined with high CRP serum levels (OR = 36; CI: 11.4-113.7; P< 0.01). In conclusion, Apo E together with CRP may be a useful tool to predict Alzheimer’s disease.
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN STUDENT TEAM ACHIEVEMENT DIVISION (STAD) TERHADAP KERJA SAMA SISWA PADA MATERI SEL KELAS XI SMAS KATOLIK ALVAREZ PAGA TAHUN AJARAN 2019/2020
Authors: Hoba Theodora Edeltrudis , Bunga Yohanes Nong
Published: February 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan model pembelajaran Student Team Achievement Division (STAD) terhadap kerja sama siswa pada materi sel kelas XI yang dilakukan di SMAS Katolik Alvarez Paga tahun ajaran 2019/2020. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah quasi experimental design dengan bentuk desain non-equivalent control group design. Teknik pengambilan sampel non-probability sampling dengan jenis sampling purposive. Sampel penelitian ialah siswa siswi lintas minat biologi kelas XI Sos-3 sebagai kelas eksperimen dan kelas XI Sos-4 sebagai kelas kontrol. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan lembar kuesioner siswa. Hasil penelitian kerja sama siswa menunjukan bahwa ada perbedaan kerja sama siswa pada kelas eksperimen yaitu 3,32 dan kelas kontrol 2,88. Hal ini menunjukan bahwa terdapat pengaruh penggunaan model pembelajaran Student Team Achievement Division (STAD) terhadap kerja sama siswa.
Pengaruh Pemberian Mulsa Jerami Padi dan Pupuk Kandang Ayam terhadap Produksi Bawang Merah (Allium cepa L. var. Ascalonicum)
Authors: Baka Yosef Nong , Tematan Yohanes Boli
Published: February 2022

Pertumbuhan dan produksi bawang merah (Allium cepa L. var. Ascalonicum) sangat dipengaruhi oleh berbagai factor diantaranya pemberian pupuk dan mulsa. Perlakuan terhadap bawang merah (Allium cepa L. var. Ascalonicum) di Ihigetegera, Desa Watumilok, Kecamatan Kangae.dengan memberi mulsa jerami padi dan pukuk kadang ayam untuk mengetahui pertumbuhan dan proksinya. Metode pengambilan data dengan menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok faktorial dengan 3 ulangan dan 8 perlakuan, yaitu dua taraf mulsa jerami padi (M0 : tanpa mulsa dan M : mulsa jerami padi), yang dikombinasikan dengan empat taraf dosis pupuk kandang ayam (P0 : tanpa pupuk, P1 : pupuk 1 kg, P2 : pupuk 2 kg dan P3 : pupuk 3 kg). Parameter yang diamati adalah tinggi tanaman, jumlah individu baru, dan bobot basah umbi per sampel. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah analysis of variance (ANOVA) dengan taraf kepercayaan 5% (α = 0,05) yang dilanjutkan dengan uji Tukey dengan taraf signifikan 5% (P = 0,05). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mulsa jerami padi berpengaruh nyata terhadap parameter tinggi tanaman, jumlah individu baru, dan bobot basah umbi per sampel. Pemberian pupuk kandang ayam berpengaruh nyata terhadap parameter tinggi tanaman, jumlah individu baru, dan bobot basah per sampel. Interaksi antara mulsa jerami padi dan pupuk kandang ayam berpengaruh nyata terhadap semua parameter pengamatan. Hasil terbaik dari penelitian ini diperoleh pada perlakuan mulsa jerami padi dengan pupuk 2 kg.

Kata kunci: bawang merah; mulsa jerami padi; pupuk kandang ayam.
Physicochemical properties and biological activity of bioactive compound in Pepper nigrum: In silico study
Authors: Sari Dewi Ratih Tirto , Bare Yohanes
Published: February 2022

Lada hitam merupakan salah satu tanama yang memikiki kandungan bahan kimia yang ebrmanfaat bagi tubuh manusia. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk karakterisasi fisiko kimia Serta prediksi fungsi biologis senyawa-senyawa bioaktif lada hitam secara in-silico. Metode yang digunakan adalah analisis in-silico dengan mengunduh bahan dari PubChem Piperine (ID:638024), Piperonylamine (ID:75799), Piperisida (ID:101422868), Sarmentosin (ID:5281123), Sarmentin (ID:6440616), dan Chavicine (ID:1548912) dianalaisis menggunakan perangkat lunak online SuperPred. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa keenam senyawa yang terkandung dalam Pepper nigrum memiliki karakteristik fisiko kimia yang unik dengan chavicin dan piperin merupakan senyawa yang memiliki struktur isomer, kesamaan struktur pada kedua senyawa menyebabkan prediksi aktivitas biologi yang sama.

Kata Kunci: fisiko kimia, in-silico lada hitam, PubChem
Studi Perbandingan: Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Two Stay Two Stray (TSTS) dan Scramble terhadap Kemampuan Berpikir Kreatif Siswa
Authors: Jandu Yuliana Anita , Mago Oktavius Yoseph Tuta
Published: February 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat perbandingan model pembelajaran Two Stay Two Stray (TSTS) dan Scramble terhadap kemampuan berpikir kreatif siswa. Penelitian dilaksanakan di SMP Negeri 3 Maumere. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah quasi eksperimen dengan nonequivalent control group design. Cara pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan teknik purposive sampling. Instrumen tes yang digunakan berupa tes uraian untuk mengukur kemampuan berpikir kreatif. Data yang diperolh kemudian dianalisis menggunakan paired sample t-test dan independent sample t-test. Paired sample t-test dalam penelitian ini digunakan untuk menguji adakah pengaruh masing-masing model pembelajaran terhadap kemampuan berpikir kreatif sedangkan independent sample t-test untuk menguji perbandingan pengaruh yang diberikan oleh kedua model pembelajaran tersebut. Berdasarkan analisis uji-t diperoleh hasil : 1) Model pembelajaran TSTS berpengaruh terhadap kemampuan berpikir kreatif siswa, dengan nilai signifikansi 0,000 < 0,05; 2) Model pembelajaran Scramble juga berpengaruh terhadap kemampuan berpikir kreatif siswa, dengan nilai signifikansi 0,000 < 0,05; 3) Terdapat perbedaan kemampuan berpikir kreatif siswa antara model pembelajaran TSTS dan Scramble, dengan nilai signifikansi 0,000 < 0,05. Hasil tes ini juga menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan berpikir kreatif siswa menggunakan model pembelajaran TSTS lebih tinggi dibandingkan menggunakan model Scramble.

Kata Kunci: Hasil belajar kognitif; kemampuan berpikir kreatif; Scramble; Two Stay Two Stray
Pengembangan Lembar Kerja Siswa Berbasis Inkuiri Terbimbing Untuk Siswa SMP Negeri Nuba Arat Pada Materi Kelompok Tumbuhan
Authors: Kotin Cornelia Dua , Bunga Yohanes Nong , S Mansur
Published: February 2022

Penelitian ini dilatari oleh kemampuan siswa dalam memecahkan masalah masih tergolong lemah, kurangnya keaktifan siswa saat pembelajaran berlangsung dan minimnya literatur cetak yang menyebabkan kemampuan literasi siswa sangat lemah. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengembangkan Lembar Kerja Siswa (LKS) berbasis inkuiri terbimbing pada materi tumbuhan bagi siswa SMP Negeri Nuba Arat. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan atau Recearch and Development (R&D) dengan menggunakan model 4D (Define, Design, Develope, and Dessiminate). Dalan penelitian ini, peneliti melakukan beberapa tahap yaitu, analisis awal, analisis tugas, analisis konsep, spesifikasi tujuan, penyusunan tes, pemilihan media dan pemilihan model LKS. Selanjutnya peneliti melakukan validasi produk, perbaikan produk, ujicoba kelas kecil dan menginformasikan kepada siswa serta guru IPA di SMP Negeri Nuba Arat terkait LKS yang sudah dikembangkan. Hasil validasi ahli terhadap produk yang dikembangkan memiliki skor 2,80 untuk ahli materi dan 3,25 untuk ahli media. Validator atau ahli juga memberikan saran terhadap LKS yang dikembangkan berupa perbaikan penempatan gambar, layout dan kesalahan penulisan. Selain itu skor tanggapan siswa dan guru pada saat uji coba kelas kecil yakni 84,71 untuk tanggapan siswa dan 90,07 untuk tanggapan guru. Berdasarkan hasil validasi ahli, perbaikan saran dan skor tanggapan subjek penelitian, maka LKS berbasis inkuiri terbimbing pada materi tumbuhan dinyatakan layak dan dapat digunakan dalam pembelajaran IPA di SMP Negeri Nuba Arat.

Kata Kunci: 4D, Inkuiri Terbimbing; Lembar Kerja Siswa, Validasi
Identifikasi Jenis Tumbuhan Obat di Kecamatan Doreng Kabupaten Sikka
Authors: Lelo Anastasia Nona , S Mansur
Published: February 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui jenis-jenis tumbuhan obat tradisonal yang ditemukan di Kecamatan Doreng Kabupaten Sikka. Pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kualitatif. Terdapat 21 jenis tumbuhan obat tradisional yang digunakan oleh hattra dalam menyembuhkan berbagai jenis penyakit. Dari 21 jenis tumbuhan tersebut ada 3 jenis tumbuhan obat yakni keru, padu api dan nitaruntarun yang tidak dapat dideskripsikan karena tumbuhan obat ini sangat langka. Jenis-jenis tumbuhan obat yang ditemukan di Kecamatan Doreng Kabupaten Sikka yaitu patikan kebo, jambu biji, jombang, tembeleken, susuruhan, tempuyung, awar-awar, prasman, rumput mutiara, bluntas, jambu, antana geude, daun jintan, leng-lengan, kumis kucing, tomat, daun sirih dan jarak merah.

Kata kunci: Identifikasi, Sikka, Tumbuhan Obat
Studi In silico Potensi aktivitas 10-shogaol dalam Jahe (Zingiber officinale) terhadap gen ACE
Authors: S Mansur , Bare Yohanes , Helvina Maria , Pili Aprianus Pani , Krisnamurti Gabriella Chandrakirana
Published: February 2022

Peningkatan tekanan darah tinggi (hipertensi) mengakibatkan terpicunya berbagai macam penyakit kronis serta komplikasinya. Salah satu activator dalam kondisi tekanan darah tinggi adalah aktivitas Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE). ACE berperan dalam mengatur sistem renin-angiotensin. Penurunan hipertensi perlu untuk menekan aktivitas ACE. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis potensi 10-shogaol terhadap ACE. Metode yang digunakan adalah studi in silico. Protein model ACE (ID: 3bkk) didapatkan dari database Protein data Bank (PDB) sedangkan 10-shogaol (CID: 6442612) didapat dari database PubChem. Docking menggunakan Hex 8.0.0 sedangkan visualisasi dan analisis menggunakan Discovery Studio. Hasil Penelitian menunjukan bahwa bahwa senyawa 10-shogaol memiliki potensi sebagai inhibitor gen ACE dibuktikan 2 residu asam amino yang berikatan dengan ligan. Ikatan tersebut berupa ikatan hidropobik yang meningkatkan kekuatan tersebut dengan besar energi -291.3cal/mol.
Keanekaragaman Arthropoda Musuh Alami Hama Tanaman Kakao (Theobroma Cacao L.) Pada Perkebunan Polikultir Di Desa Hokeng Jaya Kecamatan Wulanggitang Kabupaten Flores Timur
Authors: Wangge Maria Mardiana Nona , Mago Oktavius Yoseph Tuta
Published: February 2022

Abstrak. Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh produktivitas tanaman kakao (Theobromacacao  L.)  yang rendah, akibat hama dan penyakit yang menyerang tanaman kakao (Theobroma cacao  L.) Penelitian bertujuan untuk menghitung indeks kelimpahan, menganalisis indeks keanekaragaman, menentukan indeks kemerataan, dan mengetahui indeks dominansi arthropoda yang berpotensi sebagai musuh alami hama tanaman kakao (Theobroma cacao  L.) di Desa Hokeng Jaya Kecamatan Wulanggitang Kabupaten Flores Timur. Metode sampling dengan cara menelusuri wilayah gugus sampling menggunakan transek garis pada dua stasiun dan setiap stasiun ditarik 5 transek. Sampel dikumpulkan menggunakan teknik perangkap jebak dan teknik koleksi langsung. Data yang dianalisis berupa data kualitatif yaitu jenis arthropoda dan data kuantitatif yaitu indeks kelimpahan, indeks keanekaragaman, indeks kemerataan, indeks dominansi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh 14 spesies arthropoda Delapan (8) spesies yang ditemukan termasuk dalam kelompok arthropoda yang berpotensi sebagai musuh alami. Arthropoda yang berpotensi sebagai musuh alami hama tanaman kakao (Theobroma cacao L.) yaitu, semut rangrang (Oechopylla smaradigma), semut hitam (Dolichoderus thoracicus), semut merah (Solenopsis), laba-laba serigala (Aranea sp.), laba-laba penenun sutra (Nephila pilipes), capung (Anax junius), jangkrik (Gryllodea), kelabang (Scolopendra gigantae). Semut rangrang (Oechopylla smaradigma) memiliki populasi tertinggi yaitu dengan indeks kelimpahan 25,766%. Sedangkan laba-laba penenun sutra (Nephila pilipes) memiliki indeks kelimpahan terendah 0,365%.Indeks keanekaragaman pada stasiun I memiliki nilai indeks 2,103 dan stasiun II dengan nilai indeks 2,063 menunjukan indeks keanekaragaman sedang. Indeks kemerataan pada stasiun I memiliki nilai indeks 0,796 dan stasiun II dengan nilai indeks 0,781 menunjukan indeks kemerataan stabil. Indeks dominansi pada stasiun I memiliki nilai indeks 0,164 dan pada stasiun II dengan nilai indeks 0,172 menunjukan indeks dominansi rendah.

Kata Kunci  : Arthropoda; Hokeng Jaya; Kakao; Musuh Alami
First record of predation behaviour of Perillus bioculatus (Fabricius, 1775) (Pentatomidae: Asopinae) predating on Aulacophora indica (Gmelin, 1790) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) a pest of bitter gourd in Agro-ecosystem of Bihar, India.
Authors:   Zoological Survey of India, ‘M’ Block, New Alipore, Kolkata-700053, India., M. E. Hassan , Pal Amartya , P. C. Saha ,   Zoological Survey of India, ‘M’ Block, New Alipore, Kolkata-700053, India., Mondal Rahul
Published: February 2022

Perillus bioculatus (Fabricius) (Pentatomidae: Asopinae) was reported for the first time as predator to adult and immature pumpkin beetle, Aulacophora indica (Gmelin, 1790) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), feeding on bitter gourd. Detailed description of P. bioculatus was provided along with filed observation data and photographs, showing predation behavior. Distribution of P. bioculatus has also been given in India and elsewhere.
Species diversity of butterflies in Gaya district (Bihar)
Authors:   P. G. Department of Zoology, Magadh University, Bodhgaya, Narhat, Nawada, Bihar, 805122, Masroor Mohammad Danish , Masroor Zakkia , Kumar Abhishek ,   Dr. B. R. Ambedkar College of Education, Bodhgaya, Narhat, Nawada, Bihar, 805122,   Divisional Forest Officer, Gaya Forest Division,  Shanti Bagh, Kareem Ganj, Gaya, 823001
Published: February 2022

Seventy-two species of butterflies belonging to five families was recorded for first time from Gaya district. Six sites were selected post pilot survey on the basis of both, nectar and larval host plant richness, diversity and anthropogenic pressure along with road connectivity. The maximum species diversity and richness was observed in winter season, while minimum in summer season. Plain tiger, Common jezebel, Common crow, Common castor, Tawny castor, Common emigrant, Peacock pansy, Grey pansy, Chocolate pansy, Common Pierrot, Lime blue, Great Eggfly, Common grass yellow, Common sailor, Common evening brown and Small branded swift were dominant butterfly species in all selected sites while Common Silverline, Indian sunbeam and Apefly were rare. Pollution due to dust, vehicular movements and activities like damaging nectar and larval host plant during breeding season, in and around habitat, due to lack of information seems to adversely effect the species diversity and population density in the region. Key words: - Butterfly, Species diversity, Gaya, Bihar.
A new Russia policy for post-Brexit Britain
Authors: Allan Duncan , Bond Ian
Published: February 2022

The UK’s 2021 Integrated Review of security, defence, development and foreign policy describes Russia as ‘the most acute direct threat to [the UK’s] security’ in the 2020s. Relations did not get this bad overnight: the trend has been negative for nearly two decades. The bilateral political relationship is now broken. Russian policymakers regard the UK as hostile, but also as weaker than Russia: a junior partner of the US and less important than Germany within Europe. The consensus among Russian observers is that Brexit has reduced the UK’s international influence, to Russia’s benefit. The history of UK–Russia relations offers four lessons. First, because the two lack shared values and interests, their relationship is fragile and volatile. Second, adversarial relations are the historical norm. Third, each party exaggerates its importance on the world stage. Fourth, external trends beyond the UK’s control regularly buffet the relationship. These wider trends include the weakening of the Western-centric international order; the rise of populism and opposition to economic globalization; and the global spread of authoritarian forms of governance. A coherent Russia strategy should focus on the protection of UK territory, citizens and institutions; security in the Euro-Atlantic space; international issues such as non-proliferation; economic relations; and people-to-people contacts. The UK should pursue its objectives with the tools of state power, through soft power instruments and through its international partnerships. Despite Brexit, the EU remains an essential security partner for the UK. In advancing its Russia-related interests, the UK should have four operational priorities: rebuilding domestic resilience; concentrating resources on the Euro-Atlantic space; being a trusted ally and partner; and augmenting its soft power. UK decision-makers should be guided by four propositions. In the first place, policy must be based on clear, hard-headed thinking about Russia. Secondly, an adversarial relationship is not in itself contrary to UK interests. Next, Brexit makes it harder for the UK and the EU to deal with Russia. And finally, an effective Russia policy demands a realistic assessment of UK power and influence. The UK is not a ‘pocket superpower’. It is an important but middling power in relative decline. After Brexit, it needs to repair its external reputation and maximize its utility to allies and partners, starting with its European neighbours.
Digital trade and digital technical standards
Authors: Bergsen Pepijn , Caeiro Carolina , Moynihan Harriet , Schneider-Petsinger Marianne , Wilkinson Isabella
Published: February 2022

There is increasing impetus for stronger cooperation between the US, EU and UK on digital technology governance. Drivers of this trend include the economic incentives arising from opportunities for digital trade; the ambition for digital technology governance to be underpinned by shared values, including support for a democratic, open and global internet; and the need to respond to geopolitical competition, especially from China. Two specific areas of governance in which there is concrete potential to collaborate, and in which policymakers have indicated significant ambitions to do so, are digital trade and digital technical standards. - To leverage strategic opportunities for digital trade, the US, EU and UK need to continue identifying and promoting principles based on shared values and agendas, and demonstrate joint leadership at the global level, including in the World Trade Organization (WTO) on e-commerce. - Policy actors in the US, EU and UK should work individually and collectively to build on the latest generation of digital trade agreements. This will help to promote closer alignment on digital rules and standards, and support the establishment of more up-to-date models for innovation and governance. - Collaborating on digital technical standards, particularly those underlying internet governance and emerging technologies, offers the US, EU and UK strategic opportunities to build a vision of digital technology governance rooted in multi-stakeholder participation and democratic values. This can provide a strong alternative to standards proposals such as China’s ‘New IP’ system. - Policy actors should seek to expand strategic cooperation on standards development among the US, EU and UK, among like-minded countries, and among states that are undecided on the direction of their technology governance, including in the Global South. They should also take practical steps to incorporate the views and expertise of the technology industry, the broader private sector, academia and civil society. By promoting best-practice governance models that are anticipatory, dynamic and flexible, transatlantic efforts for cooperation on digital regulation can better account for the rapid pace of technological change. Early evidence of this more forward-looking approach is emerging through the EU’s proposed regulation of digital services and artificial intelligence (AI), and in the UK’s proposed legislation to tackle online harms. The recently launched EU-US Trade and Technology Council is a particularly valuable platform for strengthening cooperation in this arena. But transatlantic efforts to promote a model of digital governance predicated on democratic values would stand an even greater chance of success if the council’s work were more connected to efforts by the UK and other leading democracies
Analisis Gerak Shooting Bola Basket Sesuai Dengan Konsep BEEF
Authors: Ramadhan Ahmad Panji , Irawan Fajar Awang
Published: March 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis keterampilan gerakan shooting sesuai dengan konsep BEEF (balance, eyes, elbow, follow through) dalam olahraga atau permainan bola basket yang ditinjau dari segi biomekanika. BEEF adaah sebuah konsep shooting yang memudahkan atlet untuk memahami dan mengusai tembakan dengan baik dan benar dengan keuntungan lebih efisien dan efektif dalam melakukan shooting. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan deskriptif kuantitatif dengan survey tes dan pengukuran. Total sampel berjumlah 8 atlet putra Klub Elite skills Kota Depok yang telah menyetujui prosedur penelitian ini dengan menandatangani inform consent. Hasil dari penelitian menujukkan bahwa kecepatan shooting bola basket memiliki rata-rata 1,94 ± 0,56 m/s dan rata-rata waktu 1,30 ± 0,18 detik. Penelitian ini menegaskan bahwa Gerakan shooting bola basket sesuai dengan konsep BEEF termasuk dalam kategori Kurang Tepat dan hasil tingkat kesesuaian dengan rata-rata termasuk dalam kategori Sesuai. Keterbatasan penelitian ini hanya menampilkan data kinematik diantaranya jarak, watktu, kecepatan, dan sudut. Pada peneliti selanjutnya diharapkan dapat mengukur data kinetik untuk mengetahui apa yang menjadi kekuatan dan kelamahan atlet pada saat melakukan shooting.
Metode Step-by-Step: Apakah dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar lompat jangkit?
Authors: Arifin Arifin , Samodra Y Touvan Juni , Purnomo Edi
Published: March 2022

Tujuan dari penelitian ini  untuk mengetahui berapa kali peserta didik bisa melakukan gerak lompat jangkit. Penelitian ini merupakan  penelitian tindakan kelas.  Subjek dalam penelitian adalah peserta didik kelas X SMAN 1 Pulau Maya dengan jumlah 16 peserta didik. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah tes lompat jangkit. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan  dalam penelitian adalah deskriptif kuantitatif. Berdasarkan hasil dari penelitian yaitu  tes awal, dengan rata-rata sebesar 51,56 yang tuntas hanya satu peserta didik dengan nilai 6,25%.  Siklus pertama dengan rata-rata 66,66 terdapat sembilan peserta didik yang tuntas dengan nilai 56,25%. Namun hasil rata-rata dari tes awal dan siklus Pertama belum mencapai target yang diharapkan. Sehingga dilanjutkan siklus kedua dengan peningkatan rata-rata 72,22  terdapat 11 siswa yang tuntas dengan nilai 68,75%. Sehingga pembelajaran step by step berhasil dari satu peserta didik yang tuntas dengan nilai 6,25% menjadi 68,75%.  Berdasarkan hasil penelitian maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa peningkatan hasil lompat jangkit melalui pembelajaran step by step dapat dilihat dari hasil rata-rata dan ketuntasan setiap peserta didik.
What School Counselors Say: Training Needs for Preventing Child Sexual Abuse
Authors: Cuğ Fevziye Dolunay
Published: February 2022

The goal of the present study was to understand the current needs of school counselors for preventing child sexual abuse. The need assessment study was carried out with a focus group sample. The participants were school counselors who work in various types of schools. The researcher contacted the school counselors and invited them to participate in the research. During the focus group meetings, the researcher collected the data through audio recordings and later transcribed them. Content analysis was used to generate codes, and codes were grouped into subthemes, which were used to identify themes. Focus group data were categorized according to three themes: 1) the perceptions of school counselors’ role in preventing abuse; 2) the issues that school counselors' feelings of inadequacy in preventing abuse, and 3) the recommendations for the future prevention programs. Based on the results of the study, school counselors had limited theoretical knowledge and professional competence regarding child sexual abuse. The results also revealed that some prevention programs in Turkey were available but insufficient to meet the needs of school counselors. Moreover, the researcher discussed implications for future research and practice were discussed.
A Multi-Criteria Model to Evaluate Public Services Contracts
Authors: Tavares Luís Valadares , Arruda Pedro
Published: February 2022

A major trend to improve Public Administration has been the increase of contracting out services hoping to achieve better levels of performance. However, the effectiveness and efficiency of this approach implies the application of appropriate models to evaluate such performance

This is why a multi-criteria model was developed by the authors to evaluate and to improve the performance of public services contracts focusing on four key dimensions: the process of contract formation, the contract costs, the benefits achieved by the contract execution and its impacts. The proposed model provides a stable, consistent and integrated framework allowing not just the evaluation of contracts but also the identification of the priorities for improvement.

A successful application to the evaluation of Home Respiratory Services is also presented.
NEW FAST CURRENT DESIGNS WITH ARTIFICIAL ROUGHNESS
Authors:   Taraz Regional university named after M.H. Dulati, Kazakhstan, Dzholdasov S. , Yangiev A. ,   Tashkent institute of Irrigation and Agricultural Mechanization Engineers, Uzbekistan, Rustem E. ,   Taraz Regional university named after M.H. Dulati, Kazakhstan
Published: March 2022

Ғылыми жұмыста гидротехникалық құрылыстар мен құрылымдарға жататын жоғарғы бьеф пен төменгі бьефті жалғастыратын жасанды бұжырлы тезағарлардың жаңа конструкцияла- рын ойлап табу және оларды жетілдіру мәселелері келтірілген. Бұл гидротехникалық құрылымдардың басты мақсаты біздің Оңтүстік өңірлердегі таулы аймақтардағы биіктерден үлкен жылдамдықпен ағып түскен суды төменгі бьефтерде шайылу процесстерін болдырмау және ашық каналдарда қа- уіпсіз гидравликалық режимді жақсарту болып табылады. Осы ретте жоғарыдан ағатын судың ар- тық кинетикалық энергиясын арнайы жасалған жасанды бұжырлы тезағарлардың көмегімен салыстырмалы қысқа жолда тиімді сөндіру қажет. Біздің ғылыми жұмысымызда экономикалық жағынан тиімді, берік және сенімді, конструкциясының қарапайымдылығы, құрылыс тұрғысынан ұтымды және оңай жүзеге асырылатын пішінде болуы және т.б. жағдайларын ескере отырып, пайдалы модельге алынған оң шешімі бар тезағар құрылымы оларға қойылған талаптарға жауап береді деп сенеміз.
COMPLEX EVENT PROCESSING APPROACH ON SUBSCRIBERS’ DATA OF TELECOM OPERATOR
Authors:   Kazakh-British technical university, Kazakhstan, Zhumekenov A.
Published: March 2022

Nowadays, the usage of mobile phones reached extremely large worldwide proportions and increasing dramatically, there is a stronger need to decrypt the important information that is hidden among them. Even all needed information is gained, the processes of companies remain static and can’t be changed dynamically to adapt to actual business needs, reducing the advantages that can be achieved. Every second, millions of raw information are generating by mobile users, which are handled by Telecom operators in data servers. By using the Complex Event Processing (CEP) approach in real-time, we can obtain the information that matters to our business and use it to monetize the vast amount of data that is being collected through mobile phone usage. In this paper, we present an internally developed framework that combines the strengths of CEP and business process implementations, which allows us to react to the needs of today’s fast-changing environment and requirements. We demonstrate 3 simple use case scenarios to show the effectiveness of the CEP approach in our situation. The importance of implementing the CEP approach on subscribers’ data should not be overlooked as means of trying to capitalize on new services but have to be considered as a challenge to allow subscribers get more customized offers and services.
BIOMETRIC IDENTIFICATION OF A PERSON BY SEVERAL PARAMETERS
Authors:   Institute of Information and Computational Technologies, Ziyatbekova Gulzat ,   Kazakh National Agrarian university, Kazakhstan, Aliaskar Magzhan ,   Institute of Information and Computational Technologies; Al-Farabi Kazakh National university, Kazakhstan, Abjalilova Aisha ,   Al-Farabi Kazakh National university, Kazakhstan, Montaeva Diana ,   Al-Farabi Kazakh National university, Kazakhstan, Turlybekova Arailym ,   Al-Farabi Kazakh National university, Kazakhstan
Published: March 2022

The article is devoted to the development of a system of biometric identification of a person by face,fingerprints and voice. Two-dimensional and three-dimensional characteristics of a person's face, taking into account area and volume, were used as informative signs of biometric identification of a person by face. A complex identification algorithm has been developed to account for such phenomena as portrait shift, different photo scales, and the tilt of the identified face. The FPM10A scanner and the Arduino microcontroller are used for biometric identification of a person by fingerprints. Identification signs are based on the analysis of the structure of papillary patterns on the finger: type and type of papillary pattern; direction and steepness of streams of papillary lines; the structure of the central pattern of the pattern; delta structure; the number of papillary lines between the center and the delta and many other signs. Another type of feature is local. They are also called minutiae (features or special points) — unique features inherent only in a particular print, determining the points of change in the structure of papillary lines (end, split, break, etc.), the orientation of papillary lines and coordinates at these points. Each print can contain up to 70 or more minutations. For biometric identification of a person by voice, MFC and PLP algorithms for digital processing and analysis of audio recordings are used. Various algorithms are used for acoustic speech analysis: hidden Markov models, a model of a mixture of Gaussian distributions. The result of determining the tone of speech and the content of speech for the purposes of voice identification is obtained. The Visual FoxPro DBMS has developed a «multiparametric automated system for biometric identification of an individual».
INFINITE FAMILIES OF TOTAL FUNCTIONS WITH PRINCIPAL NUMBERINGS
Authors:   Kazakh-British technical university, Kazakhstan, Issakhov Assylbek , Rakymzhankyzy Fariza ,   Kazakh-British technical university, Kazakhstan, Ostemirova Uldana ,   Kazakh-British technical university, Kazakhstan
Published: March 2022

It was known that any non-single-element (in particular, any infinite) family of total functions with an oracle , such that , does not have -computable principal numbering; later it was proved that any finite family of total functions with a hyperimmune-free oracle always has an -computable principal numbering. The unresolved question was whether there exists an infinite family of total functions with a hyperimmune-free oracle that has an -computable principal numbering. The paper gives a positive answer to this question: it is proved that there exists an infinite -computable family of total functions, where the Turing degree of the set is hyperimmune-free, such that has an -computable principal numbering.
OPTIMIZATION OF THE ENRICHMENT PROCESS OF CHELKAR DEPOSIT POTASSIUM ORE
Authors:   South Kazakhstan University named after M. Auezov, Kazakhstan, Assylkhankyzy A. , Seitmagzimova G. ,   South Kazakhstan University named after M. Auezov, Kazakhstan, Petropavlovsky I. ,   D. Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Russian Federation
Published: March 2022

В статье рассмотрены результаты исследования процесса переработки отмытой ка- лийной руды месторождения Челкар с целью получения безбалластного калийного удобрения. Изучена эффективность двух- и трехкратной отмывки руды от солей натрия для определения оптимально- го режима обогащения руды по калию. Установлено, что целесообразно проводить двукратную от- мывку руды промывной водой, при которой обеспечивается максимальное содержание в руде калия и минимальное содержание солей натрия. Эффективность отмывки подтверждается результатами рентгенографического анализа руды после второй отмывки. Прокалка руды приводит к дегидрата- ции кристаллогидратов минералов и возрастанию содержания в ее составе основных компонентов. Растворение прокаленной руды при температурах 50 и 90°С приводит лишь к частичному переходу в раствор солей калия и магния при полном растворении остаточного количества солей натрия. Для достижения полного растворения сульфатов калия и магния, являющихся целевыми компонентами для получения минерального удобрения, требуется изучить химические методы превращения.
COMPUTER VISION MODEL COMPARISON
Authors:   Kazakh-British technical university, Kazakhstan, Nam D. , Savina T. ,   Kazakh-British technical university, Kazakhstan
Published: March 2022

The use of machine learning in the medical field is one of the most difficult and thoroughly unsolved problems. Currently, there are many different algorithms for solving problems in the field of diagnostics an segmentation of biomedical images. Researchers are often faced with the challenge of choosing the best method to apply towards their data. We conducted the empirical research and compared 5 algorithms that able to detect anomalies in the medical images: RCNN, Fast-RCNN, Faster-RCNN, Mask R CNN, U-Net, and Residual Neural Network. The advantages of automatic processing of the medical images are apparent: doctors get a convenient software tool that allows them to diagnose the disease faster and reduce possible errors. The task is to study and then select algorithms for further testing on the actual data. The selection and study of algorithms were based on articles describing the architecture and application of computer vision algorithms.
Van hiv naar corona en van reële kans naar redelijke vrees
Authors: Rozemond N. (Klaas)
Published: March 2022

Van hiv naar corona en van reële kans naar redelijke vrees

In zijn hiv-rechtspraak was de Hoge Raad restrictief ten aanzien van de strafrechtelijke aansprakelijkheid van besmette personen voor onbeschermde seksuele contacten. In zijn eerste corona-arrest kiest de Hoge Raad voor een extensieve benadering van een coronaspuger. De maatschappelijke context en de politieke opvattingen lijken daarvoor verklarende factoren te zijn. Ook in de coronacrisis zijn echter omstandigheden aan te wijzen die een meer restrictieve strafrechtelijke benadering zouden kunnen rechtvaardigen, zoals de anderhalvemetermaatregel en de ontwikkeling van vaccins tegen het coronavirus.
De modernisering van artikel 359a Sv – terug naar de vorige eeuw?
Authors: Schreurs L.E.M. (Laurie)
Published: March 2022

De modernisering van artikel 359a Sv – terug naar de vorige eeuw?

In deze bijdrage wordt de voorgestelde modernisering van artikel 359a Sv besproken in het kader van de drie voorgestelde criteria voor sanctionering: i) het belang van een goede rechtsbedeling; ii) een eerlijk proces; en iii) een goede procesorde. Dit betreft een eerste verkenning naar de betekenis van de drie voorgestelde criteria. De vraag die centraal staat is of en, zo ja, in hoeverre deze noties een hernieuwde invulling van het geldend recht met zich brengen.
Meer (ruimte voor het) gebruik van zwijgen in de bewijsconstructie of oude wijn in nieuwe zakken?
Authors: van der Rijst T.J. (Tessa) , Stevens L. (Lonneke)
Published: March 2022

Meer (ruimte voor het) gebruik van zwijgen in de bewijsconstructie of oude wijn in nieuwe zakken?

Volgens sommige auteurs verbindt de feitenrechter in toenemende mate voor de verdachte negatieve consequenties aan diens zwijgen. Op basis van een vergelijking tussen recentere en al wat oudere rechtspraak van de Hoge Raad inzake het gebruik van de proceshouding van de verdachte, stellen wij hier een andere hypothese tegenover. Volgens ons mocht het gebruik van zwijgen ‘vroeger’ ook, maar gebeurde dat minder handig. Dankzij toenemende kennis van bewijstheorie krijgt de rechter meer handvatten om een goede bewijsredenering op te zetten.
Bestraffing van seksuele uitbuiting: nieuwe ontwikkelingen in een langlopende discussie?
Authors: Huls E. (Eva)
Published: March 2022

Bestraffing van seksuele uitbuiting: nieuwe ontwikkelingen in een langlopende discussie?

Dit artikel bespreekt de achtergrond van de discussie omtrent bestraffing van seksuele uitbuiting in de praktijk, waarbij de straftoemetingskaders uiteen worden gezet. De vragen en de discussie die de straftoemetingskaders teweegbrengen, komen vervolgens aan de orde, gevolgd door een slotbeschouwing.
De praktijk van slachtofferrechten: de perceptie van professionals
Authors: Augusteijn Freya , Bijleveld Catrien , Pemberton Antony
Published: March 2022

Victims’ rights in practice – the perception of professionals. An exploratory study into compliance with victims’ rights

Though the position of victims of crime in criminal proceedings has improved on paper, it is claimed within both the academic as the legal community that realization of victims’ rights is inadequate. In this exploratory research, a broad group of (legal) professionals was systematically questioned on this matter. They were asked whether and where compliance with victims’ rights is lacking, and how this comes about in their view. Although much has improved, it appears that compliance by the authorities is not yet self-evident and fundamental mechanisms in the criminal justice system appear to hinder the realization of rights for victims.
Optimization of electrocoagulation condition for the removal of As(V) ions from aqueous media
Authors: Altangerel Amarsanaa , Nomin-Erdene Damdin , Sarangerel Davaasambuu
Published: February 2022

In recent years, the arsenic content of groundwater and soil due to the mining processes and natural and/or anthropogenic sources exceeds the permissible level, leading to adverse effects on human health and the ecosystem. The paper provides the optimized condition for the arsenic removal from the aqueous media using electrocoagulation, which is no additional reagents/chemicals, in situ generation of coagulants continuously, low energy consumption. The optimal conditions were found to be as follows: pH 7, electrolyte concentration NaCl 0.5 g L-1, current density 20 mA cm-2, and operational time 20 minutes, initial concentration of arsenic 50 mg L-1. Under the optimal condition, the maximum removal efficiency was 99.6%. Generally, the experimental results showed that the removal efficiency of As(V) from the aqueous medium was higher than 95% at pH = 4-8 ranges, 90% at the electrolyte concentration in the range of 0.25 g L-1 to 0.75 g L-1 , and 96% at the current density in the range of 15 mA cm-2 - 60 mA cm-2 respectively. Considering the variation of oxidation-reduction potential and pH during the electrocoagulation and FTIR spectra of solid residue, we found that As(V) was removed through the chemical precipitation (FeAsO4) and adsorption (Fe(OH)3×HAsO42-).
 
Усан орчноос As(V) ионы агуулгыг бууруулах электрокоагуляцийн зохистой нөхцөлийг тогтоох судалгаа
Хураангуй: Сүүлийн жилүүдэд эрдэс түүхий эдийн олборлолт, арсен агуулсан эрдэс чулуулгийн өгөршилөөр гадаргын болон гүний усан дахь арсены (As) агуулга хүлцэх агууламжаас ихсэх тохиолдлууд гарч байна. Энэ судалгааны ажлаар коагулянтаа орчинд нь тасралтгүй үүсгэдэг, нэмэлт урвалж шаарддаггүй, цахилгааны зарцуулалт багатай электрокоагуляцийн аргаар усан уусмал дахь As(V)-ыг тунадасжуулах зохистой нөхцөлийг тогтоох ажлыг хийж, үр дүнг спектрофотометр, индукцийн холбоост плазм-масс спектрометр, потенциометрийн аргаар тодорхойллоо. Зохистой нөхцөлийг тодорхойлох туршилтын дүнгээс харахад, усан орчноос As(V)-ын тунадасжуулалт рН=4-8-ын утганд >95%, электролитын концентрацийн 0.25 – 0.75 г/л мужид >90%, гүйдлийн нягтын 15 – 60 мА/см2 мужид >96% бүтээмжтэй байв. Уусмалын рН ~7, NaCl-ын концентраци 0.5 г/л, гүйдлийн нягт 20 мА/см2 үед 50 мг/л концентрацитай As(V)-ын зайлуулалт хамгийн их буюу 99.6% нь усан орчноос тунадасжиж байлаа. Исэлдэх ангижрах потенциал, рН-ын хугацаанаас хамаарах хамаарал, үүссэн тунадсын нил улаан туяаны спектрийн шинжилгээний үр дүнгээр, электрокоагуляциар As(V)-ын зайлуулалт нь химийн тунадасжилт (FeAsO4), адсорбц (Fe(OH)3×HAsO42-)-ийн процессоор явагддагийг тогтоолоо.
Түлхүүр үг: төмөр электрод, коагулянт, адсорбц, арсенат ион