bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Communication of oncological patients with oncologists: main problems and problem-solving strategies
Authors: Zub Valeriy , Kotuza Andrii , Tolstanov Oleksandr
Published: March 2023

Background. Physician-patient сommunication is one of the main supportive care provided to oncological patients. It affects treatment outcomes, as well as the interaction of patients within the society, their family and colleagues. Furthermore, COVID-19 and military invasion of Russia into Ukraine makes the issue of improvement of physician-patient communication urgent. Objective. The aim of the study is to develop recommendations based on the analysis of denfined problems in physician-patient communication in of oncological treatment. Methods. The sociological research involved 419 patients during their inpatient treatment in the period from November 2021 to February 2022 using the EORTC QLQ-COMU26 questionnaire. Results. In the pre-war period, in Ukrainian patients with oncological diseases the worst indicators were established for “Active role of a patient” (82.00) and “Correction of misunderstandings by a specialist” (89.19). The best indicators were established for “Skills of the specialist (verbal/non-verbal)” with the score of 93.25 by a 100-point grading scale, as well as “Satisfaction with communication” – 97.04 by a 100-point grading scale. Conclusions. When developing programs for organization of oncological care, mechanisms for providing psychological care to patients through effective communication between patients and specialists regarding providing medical and psychological care must be taken into account
ВПЛИВ МЕТФОРМІНУ ТА ЙОГО КОМБІНАЦІЇ З МОДУЛЯТОРАМИ ОБМІНУ ГІДРОГЕН СУЛЬФІДУ НА РІВЕНЬ ГЛІКЕМІЇ І СТАН СИСТЕМИ H2S У НИРКАХ ЩУРІВ ПРИ СТРЕПТОЗОТОЦИНІНДУКОВАНОМУ ДІАБЕТІ
Authors: Струтинська О. Б. , Мельник А. В.
Published: March 2023

Вступ. Діабетична нефропатія належить до тяжких мікросудинних ускладнень цукрового діабету (ЦД) і є однією з причин інвалідизації та смертності пацієнтів. Важливу роль в її лікуванні відіграє цукрознижувальний препарат “Метформін”. Залишається нез’ясованим питання щодо молекулярних механізмів дії метформіну, зокрема про роль сигнальної системи гідроген сульфіду (H2S) у його фармакологічній активності.

Мета дослідження – оцінити вплив метформіну та його комбінації з модуляторами обміну гідроген сульфіду на рівень глікемії і метаболізм H2S у нирках щурів при стрептозотоциніндукованому діабеті.

Методи дослідження. Досліди проведено на 75 білих нелінійних щурах-самцях масою 150–240 г. Їх поділили на 5 груп: 1-ша – контрольна; 2-га – тварини з експериментальним ЦД, який ініціювали одно­разовим інтраперитонеальним введенням стрептозотоцину (40 мг/кг маси) на 0,1 М цитратному буфері (pH 4,5); 3-тя – щури з експериментальним ЦД, які з 3-ї до 28-ї доби отримували лікування метфор­міном (500 мг/кг/добу, інтрагастрально); 4-та – тварини із ЦД, яким, крім метформіну, вводили NaHS (56 мкмоль/кг/добу, інтраперитонеально); 5-та – щури із ЦД, яким, крім метформіну, вводили пропаргілгліцин (442 мкмоль/кг/добу, інтраперитонеально). У периферичній крові визначали вміст глюкози, а в супернатанті гомогенату нирок оцінювали рівень H2S, активність H2S-синтезувальних ензимів (цистатіонін-γ-ліази – ЦГЛ, цистатіонін-β-синтази – ЦБС, цистеїнамінотрансферази/3-меркаптопіруватсульфуртранс­ферази – ЦАТ/3-МСТ), тіоредоксинредуктази (ТРР) та швидкість утилізації H2S.

Результати й обговорення. Стрептозотоциніндукований діабет (CТЦ-діабет) викликав вірогідне зростання у крові рівня глюкози в 4,6 раза (p˂0,001), зниження в нирках вмісту H2S, активності ­H2S-синтезувальних ензимів (ЦГЛ, ЦБС, ЦАТ/3-МСТ), активності ТРР на 33,2–58,1 % (p˂0,001), збільшення швидкості утилізації H2S на 79,4 % (p˂0,001) порівняно з показниками контрольної групи. Застосування метформіну при СТЦ-діабеті проявило гіпоглікемічну активність (рівень глюкози знизився на 25,2 %, p˂0,001, порівняно з нелікованими тваринами), зменшило дефіцит H2S у нирках (рівень H2S зріс на 27,9 %, p˂0,001), підвищило активність H2S-синтезувальних ензимів і ТРР (на 15,2–60,0 %, p˂0,05), а також зменшило швидкість утилізації H2S (на 32,7 %, p˂0,001). Введення донора H2S – NaHS потенціювало гіпоглікемічну активність метформіну та його здатність коригувати обмін H2S у нирках, тоді як введення інгібітора синтезу H2S – пропаргілгліцину мало протилежний ефект при СТЦ-діабеті.

Висновки. При СТЦ-діабеті метформін проявляє гіпоглікемічну активність та коригує порушення метаболізму H2S у нирках. Застосування NaHS посилює гіпоглікемічну активність метформіну і потенціює його вплив на систему H2S у нирках, тоді як використання пропаргілгліцину зменшує здатність метформіну коригувати гіперглікемію та обмін H2S у нирках.
METTL3 (Methyltransferase Like 3)-Dependent N6-Methyladenosine Modification on
Braf
mRNA Promotes Macrophage Inflammatory Response and Atherosclerosis in Mice
Authors: Li Qian , Yu Liwen , Gao Amy , Ren Ruiqing , Zhang Jianlin , Cao Lei , Wang Xiaohong , Liu Yapeng , Qi Wenqian , Cai Liangyu , Li Wei , Wang Weiwei , Guo Xiaobin , Su Guohai , Yu Xiao , Zhang Jie , Xi Bo , Zhang Yun , Zhang Meng , Zhang Cheng
Published: March 2023

Background:

Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease, in which macrophages determine the progression of atherosclerotic plaques. However, no studies have investigated how METTL3 (methyltransferase like 3) in macrophages affects atherosclerotic plaque formation in vivo. Additionally, whether
Braf
mRNA is modified by METTL3-dependent N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methylation remains unknown.

Methods:

We analyzed single-cell sequencing data of atherosclerotic plaques in mice fed with a high fat diet for different periods.

Mettl3
fl/fl
Lyz

2

cre
Apoe
–/–

mice and littermate control

Mettl3
fl/fl
Apoe
–/–

mice were generated and fed high fat diet for 14 weeks. In vitro, we stimulated peritoneal macrophages with ox-LDL (oxidized low-density lipoprotein) and tested the mRNA and protein expression levels of inflammatory factors and molecules regulating ERK (extracellular signal-regulated kinase) phosphorylation. To find METTL3 targets in macrophages, we performed m6A-methylated RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing and m6A-methylated RNA immunoprecipitation-qPCR. Further, point mutation experiments were used to explore m6A-methylated adenine. Using RNA immunoprecipitation assay, we explored m6A methylation-writing protein bound to
Braf
mRNA.

Results:

In vivo, METTL3 expression in macrophages increased with the progression of atherosclerosis. Myeloid cell–specific METTL3 deletion negatively regulated atherosclerosis progression and the inflammatory response. In vitro, METTL3 knockdown or knockout in macrophages attenuated ox-LDL-mediated ERK phosphorylation rather than JNK (c-Jun N-terminal kinase) and p38 phosphorylation and reduced the level of inflammatory factors by affecting BRAF protein expression. The negative regulation of inflammation response caused by METTL3 knockout was rescued by overexpression of BRAF. In mechanism, METTL3 targeted adenine (39725126 in chromosome 6) on the
Braf
mRNA. Then, YTHDF1 could bind to m6A-methylated
Braf
mRNA and promoted its translation.

Conclusions:

Myeloid cell–specific
Mettl3
deficiency suppressed hyperlipidemia-induced atherosclerotic plaque formation and attenuated atherosclerotic inflammation. We identified
Braf
mRNA as a novel target of METTL3 in the activation of the ox-LDL-induced ERK pathway and inflammatory response in macrophages. METTL3 may represent a potential target for the treatment of atherosclerosis.
Clonal Hematopoiesis of Indeterminate Potential Is Associated With Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction In Early Nonobstructive Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Akhiyat Nadia , Lasho Terra , Ganji Morsaleh , Toya Takumi , Shi Chang-Xin , Chen Xianfeng , Braggio Esteban , Ahmad Ali , Corban Michel T. , Stewart Keith , Fernandez Jenna , Xie Zhuoer , Finke Christy , Lerman Lilach O. , Patnaik Mrinal M. , Lerman Amir
Published: March 2023

Background:

Clonal hematopoiesis (CH) of indeterminate potential (CHIP) is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. The relationship between CHIP and coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) is unknown. The current study examines the association between CHIP and CH with CMD and the potential relationships in risk for adverse cardiovascular outcomes.

Methods:

In this retrospective observational study, targeted next-generation sequencing was performed for 177 participants with no coronary artery disease who presented with chest pain and underwent routine coronary functional angiogram. Patients with somatic mutations in leukemia-associated driver genes in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells were examined; CHIP was considered at a variant allele fraction ≥2%; CH was considered at a variant allele fraction ≥1%. CMD was defined as coronary flow reserve to intracoronary adenosine of ≤2. Major adverse cardiovascular events considered were myocardial infarction, coronary revascularization, or stroke.

Results:

A total of 177 participants were examined. Mean follow-up was 12±7 years. A total of 17 patients had CHIP and 28 had CH. Cases with CMD (n=19) were compared with controls with no CMD (n=158). Cases were 56±9 years, were 68% women, and had more CHIP (27%;
P
=0.028) and CH (42%;
P
=0.001) than controls. CMD was associated with independent risk for major adverse cardiovascular events (hazard ratio, 3.89 [95% CI, 1.21–12.56];
P
=0.023), and 32% of this risk was mediated by CH. The risk mediated by CH was ≈0.5× as large as the direct effect of CMD on major adverse cardiovascular events.

Conclusions:

In humans, we observe patients with CMD are more likely to have CHIP, and nearly one-third of major adverse cardiovascular events in CMD are mediated by CH.
A Silent Disco: Differential Effects of Beat-based and Pattern-based Temporal Expectations on Persistent Entrainment of Low-frequency Neural Oscillations
Authors: Bouwer Fleur L. , Fahrenfort Johannes J. , Millard Samantha K. , Kloosterman Niels A. , Slagter Heleen A.
Published: March 2023

The brain uses temporal structure in the environment, like rhythm in music and speech, to predict the timing of events, thereby optimizing their processing and perception. Temporal expectations can be grounded in different aspects of the input structure, such as a regular beat or a predictable pattern. One influential account posits that a generic mechanism underlies beat-based and pattern-based expectations, namely, entrainment of low-frequency neural oscillations to rhythmic input, whereas other accounts assume different underlying neural mechanisms. Here, we addressed this outstanding issue by examining EEG activity and behavioral responses during silent periods following rhythmic auditory sequences. We measured responses outlasting the rhythms both to avoid confounding the EEG analyses with evoked responses, and to directly test whether beat-based and pattern-based expectations persist beyond stimulation, as predicted by entrainment theories. To properly disentangle beat-based and pattern-based expectations, which often occur simultaneously, we used non-isochronous rhythms with a beat, a predictable pattern, or random timing. In Experiment 1 (n = 32), beat-based expectations affected behavioral ratings of probe events for two beat-cycles after the end of the rhythm. The effects of pattern-based expectations reflected expectations for one interval. In Experiment 2 (n = 27), using EEG, we found enhanced spectral power at the beat frequency for beat-based sequences both during listening and silence. For pattern-based sequences, enhanced power at a pattern-specific frequency was present during listening, but not silence. Moreover, we found a difference in the evoked signal following pattern-based and beat-based sequences. Finally, we show how multivariate pattern decoding and multiscale entropy—measures sensitive to non-oscillatory components of the signal—can be used to probe temporal expectations. Together, our results suggest that the input structure used to form temporal expectations may affect the associated neural mechanisms. We suggest climbing activity and low-frequency oscillations may be differentially associated with pattern-based and beat-based expectations.
Electrophysiological Indices of Distractor Processing in Visual Search Are Shaped by Target Expectations
Authors: van Moorselaar Dirk , Huang Changrun , Theeuwes Jan
Published: March 2023

Although in many cases salient stimuli capture attention involuntarily, it has been proposed recently that under certain conditions, the bottom–up signal generated by such stimuli can be proactively suppressed. In support of this signal suppression hypothesis, ERP studies have demonstrated that salient stimuli that do not capture attention elicit a distractor positivity (PD), a putative neural index of suppression. At the same time, it is becoming increasingly clear that regularities across preceding search episodes have a large influence on attentional selection. Yet to date, studies in support of the signal suppression hypothesis have largely ignored the role of selection history on the processing of distractors. The current study addressed this issue by examining how electrophysiological markers of attentional selection (N2pc) and suppression (PD) elicited by targets and distractors, respectively, were modulated when the search target randomly varied instead of being fixed across trials. Results showed that although target selection was unaffected by this manipulation, both in terms of manual response times, as well as in terms of the N2pc component, the PD component was reliably attenuated when the target features varied randomly across trials. This result demonstrates that the distractor PD, which is typically considered the marker of selective distractor processing, cannot unequivocally be attributed to suppression only, as it also, at least in part, reflects the upweighting of target features.
Neottia milinensis (Orchidaceae: Neottieae), a new species from Xizang, China
Authors: LEI JIA-JUN , ZHANG XIN , JIN XIAO-HUA
Published: March 2023

Neottia milinensis (Orchidaceae), a new species from Milin, Xizang, China, is described and illustrated based on morphological characters and molecular data. The new species is similar to N. camtschatea and N. tenii, but differs from them by having pubescent stem, slender pedicel, lip 8 mm long without a pair of auricles at base, lobelets triangular and less than 1/3 of lip. Molecular phylogenetics indicated that N. milinensis is close to N. camtschatea.
Bulbophyllum sondangii (Orchidaceae), a new species from Da Lat Plateau, southern Vietnam
Authors: DANG MINH QUAN , AVERYANOV LEONID V. , MAISAK TATIANA V. , NGUYEN QUOC BAO , BUI VAN HUONG , TU BAO NGAN , NGUYEN VAN CANH , TRUONG BA VUONG
Published: March 2023

A new species of Bulbophyllum (Orchidaceae), named as B. sondangii discovered in Da Lat Plateau (Da Lat Town area, Lam Dong Province of southern Vietnam) is described and illustrated. The new species is similar to B. andersonii and B. trongsaense, but can be distinguished by a short seta at the apex of median sepal and petals; almost entire margin of petals except the fimbriate apex; lip with auricles at base; and stelidia apiculate at apex. The paper presents the taxonomical description, data on distribution, ecology, phenology and conservation status, as well as notes and the comparison of the newly described plant with morphologically similar species.
Taxonomic notes on the antlion tribe Palparini Banks (Neuroptera: Myrmeleontidae) from Pakistan
Authors: HASSAN MUHAMMAD ASGHAR , AKHTAR SALEEM , ZHENG YUCHEN , LIU XINGYUE
Published: March 2023

The antlion tribe Palparini Banks, 1911 (Myrmeleontidae: Ascalaphinae) currently comprises five genera and seven species in Pakistan. The taxonomic status of three genera, namely Indopalpares Insom & Carfi, 1988, Palpares Rambur, 1842, and Parapalpares Insom & Carfi, 1988, are revised herein. Indopalpares pardus (Rambur, 1842), Palpares zebratus Rambur, 1842, and Parapalpares solidus (Gerstaecker, 1894) are redescribed based on the material from the northern areas of Pakistan. The following taxonomic and nomenclatural changes are proposed: Palpares patiens is re-established as valid species, and P. infimus is transferred to senior synonym of P. patiens from P. zebratus; Palpares trichogaster syn. nov. is considered a new synonym of Palpares zebratus. The re-find of the rarely known endemic species Palpares zebratus from northern areas in Pakistan reveals its wider distribution far from its type localities in the southern Indian state (Tamil Nadu) and the southern province in Pakistan (Sindh). Taxonomic remarks, distribution maps, and detailed photographs of three species are provided based on both external morphological and genital characters.
One new species and one new record of Nephelomilta Hampson (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae) from Southeast Asia
Authors: BAYARSAIKHAN ULZIIJARGAL , MUSTAFA BILAL , KWON HYUNG WOOK , BAE YANG-SEOP
Published: March 2023

A new species, Nephelomilta vinhphuciensis sp. nov. is described from Vietnam (Vinh Phuc province) along with the nominate species, N. sumatrana (van Eecke, 1927) newly recorded from Thailand (Ranong province). Illustrations of adults and male genitalia of the examined species are presented.
Activation of GPR173 Alleviates Neuropathic Pain and Chronic Inflammation
Authors: Xu Shoucai , Hu Zhiduo , Chen Yulin , Min Xiangzhen , Bai Chuanfeng , Jiang Tao , Li Yuwen
Published: March 2023

Neuropathic pain (NP) refers to pains induced by injury or disease involving the somatosensory system, which severely threatens physical and mental health of patients. Although pathogenesis of NP is uncertain, evidence has been provided for involvement of inflammation and oxidative
stress (OS) in NP. G protein-coupled receptor (GPR173) is a converted GPCR, with Phoenixin 14 (PHN-14) as its ligand. Recent studies have revealed the neuroprotective property of PHN-14. Our study explored pharmacological effect of PHN-14 on NP. A chronic constriction injury (CCI) model was
established in rats, followed by administering 60 mg/kg PHN-14 and 10 mg/kg pregabalin daily. As expected, the Gpr173 was downregulated in CCI rats. Reduced PWMT and PWTL values, increased serum potassium levels, and elevated serum C-reactive protein (CRP) and Calcitonin gene-related peptide
(CGRP) levels were all observed in the CCI rats, all of which were significantly rescued by PHN-14 and pregabalin. Moreover, elevated malondialdehyde (MDA) and catalase (CAT) levels, repressed superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and upregulated Nrf2 perceived in CCI rats were abolished by
PHN-14 and pregabalin. Lastly, the high levels of inflammatory mediators and activated NF-κB signaling in the CCI rats were greatly suppressed by PHN-14 and pregabalin. Collectively, the NP and chronic inflammation in CCI rats were alleviated by PHN-14, which is an agonist of
GPR173.
Enhancing the Anti-Hepatocarcinoma Efficacy of Cytokine Induced Killer Cells by TLS11a-Lipo-hENG scFv/hIP-10 Nanocapsules
Authors: Qiang Hangbiao , Sun Shuyang , Li Xi , Liu Heng , Ding Ziqiang , Shi Wei , Xie Shenxia , Yin Shihua , Liu Aiqun , Liu Shiquan , Tang Zhuoran , Yang Xiaomei , Lu Xiaoling
Published: March 2023

Developing a novel therapeutic approach to prevent and treat hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is essential. As an adoptive cell therapy candidate, cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cell immunotherapy is ideal. However, for efficacy in vivo delivery of CIK cells conjugate with antibody
antineoplastic agents into the cancer cells, various biological obstacles including rapid degradation in vivo and the absence of active targeting capability need to be overcome. Previously, we developed a fusion antibody-chemokine protein which contained human Endoglin antibodies and
human Interferon-gamma-induced protein 10 (hENG scFv/hIP-10). To this end, we present that a novel synthesized TLS11a-Lipo-hENG scFv/hIP-10 nanocapsules, which combine the advantages of prolonged half-life and good stability liposomes and HCC-specific targeting aptamer “TLS11a,”
would be able to realize efficient and effective in vivo therapy. Also, we find that in combination with CIK cells possess a greater anti-hepatocarcinoma efficacy. Combined with TLS11a-Lipo-hENG scFv/hIP-10 nanocapsules and CIK cells, they could suppress tumor growth and prolong the
survival of hepatoma-bearing mice through recruiting endogenous CIK cells in tumor tissues, inhibiting cell proliferation in tumors while promoting apoptosis and producing IFN-γ level. It appears that TLS11a-Lipo-hENG scFv/hIP-10 nanocapsules can enhance the antitumor activity
of CIK cells against human hepatocellular carcinoma.
Novel Colorimetric Aptasensor for the Detection of Golgi Protein 73 by Exploiting the Peroxidase-Like Activity of the H-rGO-Mn3O4 Nanozyme
Authors: Li Guiyin , Chen Min , Li Haimei , Li Xinhao , Yao Xiaoqing , Li Liuxun
Published: March 2023

Golgi protein 73 (GP73) is a novel biomarker for the detection of hepatocellular carcinoma. We prepare a colorimetric aptasensor for GP73 detection based on the catalytic performance of the H-rGO-Mn3O4 nanozyme. The H-rGO-Mn3O4 nanozyme serves
as a peroxidase mimetic which can enhance the reaction with the substrate (3, 3,’ 5, 5′-tetramethylbenzidine, TMB) and H2O2. The peroxidase-like activity of H-rGO-Mn3O4 features a 1.78-fold higher binding affinity value (Km)
for TMB compared with that of horseradish peroxidase. The H-rGO-Mn3O4 nanozyme not only exhibits admirable peroxidase-like activities due to the synergistic effect of Mn3O4 NPs, rGO and hemin, but also has a large specific surface area to endow the
GP73 aptamer with specific recognition capabilities. A sandwich colorimetric aptasensor is formed to realize the visual detection of GP73 through catalyzing the H2O2-mediated oxidation peroxidase substrate TMB to oxidized TMB accompanied by a color change from colorless
to blue. Under optimal conditions, the logarithm of the GP73 concentration (0.05–50.0 ng/mL) shows a good linear relationship with the absorbance. The calibration equation is Y =−0.0383 lgC+0.4835, with R2 of 0.9964, and the lowest limit of detection is 36.94
pg/mL. Additionally, the content of GP73 in human serum samples is directly detected, and the relative standard deviation is 0.49–4.91%. Compared with the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method, the relative error is 0.23–3.61%. All in all, colorimetric aptasensor is demonstrated
to exhibit excellent specificity, stability, and reproducibility.
Dynamic Subgrid Turbulence Modeling for Shallow Cumulus Convection Simulations beyond LES Resolutions
Authors: Efstathiou Georgios A.
Published: March 2023

A scale-dependent dynamic Smagorinsky model is implemented in the Met Office/NERC Cloud (MONC) model using two averaging flavors, along Lagrangian pathlines and local moving averages. The dynamic approaches were compared against the conventional Smagorinsky–Lilly scheme in simulating the diurnal cycle of shallow cumulus convection. The simulations spanned from the LES to the near-gray-zone and gray-zone resolutions and revealed the adaptability of the dynamic model across the scales and different stability regimes. The dynamic model can produce a scale- and stability-dependent profile of the subfilter turbulence length scale across the chosen resolution range. At gray-zone resolutions the adaptive length scales can better represent the early precloud boundary layer leading to temperature and moisture profiles closer to the LES compared to the standard Smagorinsky. As a result, the initialization and general representation of the cloud field in the dynamic model is in good agreement with the LES. In contrast, the standard Smagorinsky produces a less well-mixed boundary layer, which fails to ventilate moisture from the boundary layer, resulting in the delayed spinup of the cloud layer. Moreover, strong downgradient diffusion controls the turbulent transport of scalars in the cloud layer. However, the dynamic approaches rely on the resolved field to account for nonlocal transports, leading to overenergetic structures when the boundary layer is fully developed and the Lagrangian model is used. Introducing the local averaging version of the model or adopting a new Lagrangian time scale provides stronger dissipation without significantly affecting model behavior.
Reanalyzing the Relationship of Tropical Cyclone Frequency and Intensity Affecting South Korea with the Pacific Decadal Oscillation
Authors: Kim Dasol , Park Doo-Sun R. , Chang Minhee , Cha Dong-Hyun , Lee Minkyu
Published: March 2023

Several studies have reported a significant negative correlation between the tropical cyclone (TC) frequency affecting South Korea (KOR TC frequency) and the Pacific decadal oscillation (PDO), which is accompanied by the weak negative correlation between the TC intensity when TCs enter Korean coastal seas (KOR TC intensity) and PDO. However, the weak negative relationship between KOR TC intensity and PDO contradicts results from other related studies regarding the relationship between TC activity in the western North Pacific and PDO. Thus, we reexamined the PDO relationships with both KOR TC frequency and intensity and their mechanisms. Although a negative correlation between KOR TC frequency and PDO was consistently found, in contrast to previous studies, we found a significant positive correlation between KOR TC intensity and PDO. According to our analyses, during the negative phase, anomalous southeasterly winds over the Korean Peninsula and the northwestward shift in the mean TC genesis location favor the increase in KOR TC frequency. The northwestward mean TC genesis location migrates, which shortens the time spent over the warm ocean, weakening the lifetime maximum intensity and, consequently, the KOR TC intensity. We confirmed that our result is robust by performing various sensitivity tests examining the best track data, analysis period, TC season, and KOR TC definition.
Seasonally Alternate Roles of the North Pacific Oscillation and the South Pacific Oscillation in Tropical Pacific Zonal Wind and ENSO
Authors: Zhong Wenxiu , Cai Wenju , Sullivan Arnold , Duan Wansuo , Yang Song
Published: March 2023

The western-central equatorial Pacific (WCEP) zonal wind affects El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) by involving a series of multiscale air–sea interactions. Its interannual variation contributes the most to ENSO amplitude. Thus, understanding the predictability of the WCEP interannual wind is of great importance for better predictions of ENSO. Here, we show that the North Pacific Oscillation (NPO) and the South Pacific Oscillation (SPO) alternate in fueling this interannual wind from late boreal winter to austral winter in the presence of background trade winds in different hemispheres. During the boreal winter–spring, the NPO registers footprints in the tropics by benefiting from the Pacific meridional mode and modulating the northwestern Pacific intertropical convergence zone (NITCZ). However, as austral winter approaches, the SPO takes over the role of the NPO in maintaining the anomalous NITCZ. Moreover, the interannual wind is further driven to the east in the positive phase of the SPO, by intensified central-eastern equatorial Pacific convection resulting from tropical–extratropical heat flux adjustments. A reconstructed WCEP interannual wind index involving only the NPO and the SPO possesses a long lead time for ENSO prediction of nearly one year. These two extratropical boosters enhance the viability of equatorial Pacific zonal wind anomalies associated with the large growth rate of ENSO, and the one in the winter hemisphere seems to be more efficient in forcing the tropics. Our result further indicates that the NPO benefits a long-lead prediction of the WCEP interannual wind and ENSO, while the SPO is the dominant extratropical predictor of ENSO amplitude.

Significance Statement

ENSO is closely linked to the interannual variability of equatorial Pacific zonal wind, and ENSO prediction is impeded by the weak predictability of the wind. We have found that the North Pacific Oscillation and the South Pacific Oscillation take turns in affecting the interannual variability of the zonal wind from the late boreal winter to austral winter, and the winter hemisphere extratropical booster is more efficient in modulating tropical convection and the associated surface winds. An estimated zonal wind index constructed by the two extratropical precursors possesses a long lead time for ENSO prediction. Our result provides useful information for better predicting ENSO by further considering winter hemisphere extratropical climate variability.
Gallstone Ileus: A Case Report in a 74-Year-Old Male
Authors: Smith Dylan , Amiri Farzad , Denning David
Published: March 2023

Gallstone ileus is a rare complication of complicated gallbladder disease. Typically the result of a cholecystocholeduodenal fistula, a gallstone enters the small bowel and impacts in the ileum causing an obstruction. In this case study, a 74-year-old male presented to the emergency department with nausea, vomiting, and constipation for 2 weeks. CT revealed pneumobilia and a 3.1 cm calcified mass in the terminal ileum. The patient was successfully treated with a robotic-assisted enterotomy alone without complications.
Poverty and Health Inequities in Children Investigated by Child Protective Services
Authors: Truschel Larissa Lester , Fong Hiu-fai , Stoklosa Hanni M. , Monuteaux Michael C. , Lee Lois
Published: March 2023

The objective of our study was to examine the association between poverty and child health outcomes in school-age children referred to child protective services. We conducted a secondary analysis of children aged 5 to 9 years in the Second National Survey of Child and Adolescent Well-Being, a nationally representative longitudinal observational data set of children referred to protective services for maltreatment (2008-2012). We analyzed the association of poverty, defined as family income below the federal poverty level (FPL), with caregiver report of the child’s overall health, primary care, and emergency department visits using Pearson’s chi-squared test. Children below FPL compared with children above it had poorer overall health (29.8% vs 18.0%, P = .03). We also conducted a longitudinal multivariable logistic regression analysis and found poverty was associated with the child’s poorer overall health at 36 months (odds ratios 2.78, 95% confidence interval 1.55-5.01). Future studies and interventions to improve health in this at-risk population should target poverty.
Income Inequality and Intergenerational Mobility in India
Authors: Singh Anuradha
Published: March 2023

The rise in income inequality coupled with an increase in GDP per capita is attributed to the degree of intergenerational income mobility (IGIM). The main purpose of this article is to examine the relationship between income inequality and IGIM in India. Using the unit-level records of National Sample Survey data, the present study attempts to examine relative and absolute income mobility by way of segregating generations into social groups and income classes. The originality of the article lies in assessing the IGIM using different approaches, which will contribute to the existing literature. We conclude that the country has low-income mobility and high inequality which is no longer associated with a particular social group in India. Moreover, the relationship between income inequality and intergenerational mobility is both negative and positive.

JEL Codes: D63, J62, R13
Place-Based New Testament Instruction
Authors: Cornell Collin
Published: March 2023

This article gives an account of one introductory New Testament class taught in the fall of 2019; although answering to the historical interests commonplace to biblical studies instruction, it also experimented with a place-based pedagogy for spiritual growth. The article provides intellectual backgrounds, especially drawing from Willie James Jennings’s work, describes the class in terms of its course objectives and guiding epigrams, and details three “discernment projects”: the Forest Kinship Project; the Passion Project; and the Exorcism Project, each of which paired study of Scripture (Mark 1:12–13; Luke 22–23; and Synoptic accounts of exorcisms, respectively) with a place-specific experience.
Practicing the Presence
Authors: Taylor Barbara Brown
Published: March 2023

The difference between living religious traditions and dead ones is that the living ones evolve, especially during times of global change and existential crisis. Post-pandemic spiritual practice provides a case in point for Christians, raising useful questions about the variety, authenticity, danger, and purpose of invented practices along with traditional ones. Answering those questions with a spirit of inquiry promises a larger frame for Christian practice at both the individual and communal levels.
Mysticism as a Dimension of Christian Spirituality
Authors: Villegas Diana L.
Published: March 2023

Mysticism and spirituality have acquired broad, interdisciplinary meanings. In this essay I return to the early Christian origins of mysticism to understand the meaning of this experience as a dimension of Christian spirituality. After addressing definitions of spirituality in our pluralistic culture, I argue that mysticism should be an essential part of Christian spirituality.
Misconnected chest tube: An extremely unusual fatal complication of secondary pneumothorax
Authors: Heckmann Veronika , Simon Gábor , Molnár Tamás F
Published: March 2023

A rare and fatal complication of suction drainage of secondary spontaneous pneumothorax is reported. The patient, likely by a mistake, arbitrarily connected the oxygen supply tube to the thoracic drain. The sharp increase of intrapleural pressure combined with the atmospheric intraalveolar environment caused diffuse lung injury and cardiopulmonary collapse without a direct lung injury. The conflicting interests of patient autonomy and patient safety require further consideration.
Cognitive Structure of Origami Imagery
Authors: Fujiki Akiko , Nishihara Shinkichi
Published: March 2023

While previous studies found that origami, when used for cognitive training and education, can improve spatial ability, the underlying mechanisms of this change, presumably associated with the origami folding process, remain unclear. In the present study, we focused on origami imagery in which participants imagined the process of folding paper to create a work of art; and we examined the cognitive factors involved in the imagery process and their association with mental transformations and the extent to which visual imagery was vivid. We identified four specific relevant cognitive factors in origami imagery: (a) controllability of origami transformations, (b) visual imagery of shapes, (c) hand sensations, and (d) visual imagery of colors. We associated the first two of these with non-rigid transformations: the controllability of origami transformations and the visual imagery of shapes. Moreover, vividness of visual imagery was related to all four cognitive factors. We propose this cognitive model of origami as one that considers the key relationships between origami imagery, mental transformations, and vividness of visual imagery.
Reducing COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy From a Decisional Conflict Model: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Hiroyama Natsuko , Okubo Noriko , Takahashi Nako , Misumi Junko
Published: March 2023

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine hesitancy is a major concern in this pandemic context. This study postulates that vaccine hesitancy among individuals might be associated with a high state of decisional conflict which indicates a state of delayed decision-making. This study aimed to identify the factors related to COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and examine the relationship between COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and decisional conflict by focusing on 3 sub-factors: value, informed, and support. This cross-sectional study administered an online, self-administered survey to people aged over 20 years old who were living in Japan using an online self-administered survey. To clarify the association between hesitancy and decisional conflict for the first or second vaccination, this study compared the hesitant and non-hesitant groups. Multivariate analysis was conducted to determine which sub-factor contributing to decisional conflict was associated with vaccine hesitancy. A total of 527 responses were included in the analyses. For the first vaccination (n = 527), women and individuals in their 30s were more hesitant. For the second vaccination (n = 485), women, and individuals in their 40s, non-medical individuals, and individuals without any past history were more hesitant. No significant differences were found for employment status, household composition, convulsions history, allergies, or influenza vaccine hesitancy. For vaccine hesitancy and decisional conflict, a moderate positive correlation was found and means were significantly higher for the hesitant group. Unclear values and limited supported were positively associated with vaccine hesitancy. Eliminating decision-making conflicts can effectively reduce vaccine hesitancy. Furthermore, the findings suggest that it is insufficient to merely provide information. Thus, clarifying the value and providing tangible support from the administration is desirable.
Not a Mexican Pink Tide: The AMLO Administration and the Neoliberal Left
Authors: Centeno Ramón I.
Published: March 2023

For the first time, Mexico has a presidential administration that defines itself as “post-neoliberal,” but, although the government of Andrés Manuel López Obrador is the most powerful the young Mexican democracy has ever seen, it is far from dismantling neoliberalism. It is a failed progressivism, and therefore it makes no sense to conceptualize it as “leftist.”

Por primera vez, México tiene una administración presidencial que se define a sí misma como “posneoliberal” pero, aunque el gobierno de Andrés Manuel López Obrador es el más poderoso que la joven democracia mexicana haya visto, está lejos de desmantelar el neoliberalismo. Se trata de un progresismo fallido, y por lo tanto no tiene sentido conceptualizarlo como “izquierdista”.
Robust steering control for a steer-by-wire automated guided vehicle via fixed-time adaptive recursive sliding mode
Authors: Kong Huifang , Liu Tiankuo , Fang Yao , Yan Jiapeng
Published: March 2023

In this paper, a fixed-time adaptive recursive sliding mode (FTARSM) control scheme is addressed for a steer-by-wire (SbW) automated guided vehicle against model uncertainties and disturbances. First, based on a newly constructed faster fixed-time stable system, a fixed-time recursive sliding structure is developed to guarantee the SbW system fixed-time convergence, where the setting time is independent of initial conditions. By making appropriate initialization settings for the recursive structure, the sliding reaching phase is removed and the control robustness is improved. Then, the extreme learning machine (ELM) is incorporated into the FTARSM controller to estimate the lumped uncertainties upper bound, thus not only the requirement for prior bounds information in controller design is eliminated but also the control chattering is suppressed effectively. Rigorous Lyapunov analyses are further employed to ensure fixed-time closed-loop stability. Finally, the superior performance of the derived control law is verified by experimental results.
Promoting adolescent adjustment by intervening in ethnic-racial identity development: Opportunities for developmental prevention science and considerations for a global theory of change
Authors: Umaña-Taylor Adriana J.
Published: March 2023

Identity formation is a fundamental developmental process that has significant consequences for youth adjustment during adolescence and beyond. This article presents evidence indicating that ethnic-racial identity, specifically, is an important developmental competency on which prevention science should focus in the interest of promoting positive youth development. Findings from the initial efficacy testing of the Identity Project, an ethnic-racial identity prevention program grounded in developmental theory, are presented and discussed. Moreover, preliminary evidence of the intervention’s potential when implemented by teachers is introduced, drawing on both quantitative and qualitative data from a recent study. Taking a broader perspective, future directions for research are presented with a specific focus on considering how experiences of ethnoracial marginalization and racialized othering in countries across the globe may make this work relevant to contexts outside the United States. Finally, the possibility of a global theory of change is introduced, and the potential benefits of implementing programs such as the Identity Project in other countries are discussed.
The relationship between cytochrome c oxidase, CBF and CMRO2 in mouse cortex: A NIRS-MRI study
Authors: Hashem Mada , Wu Ying , Dunn Jeff F
Published: March 2023

Quantifying relationships between cerebral blood flow (CBF), mitochondrial function (cytochrome c oxidase oxidation state), and metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2) could provide useful insight into normal neurovascular coupling, as well as regulation of oxidative metabolism in neurological disorders. This paper uses a multimodal NIRS-MRI method to quantify these parameters in rodent brain and, in so doing, provides novel information on the regulation of oxygen metabolism by stimulating with hypercapnia or variations in oxygenation. Under hypercapnia, although oxygenation, oxidation state, and CBF increased, there was no increase in CMRO2. Also, there was no correlation between CBF and CCO oxidation state. Conversely, changing oxygenation resulted in a strong correlation between the oxidation of CCO and CBF. This proves that the association between CBF and the redox state of CCO is not fixed and depends on the type of perturbation. Having a means to measure CBF and CCO oxidation state simultaneously will help understanding their contribution to intact neurovascular coupling and detecting abnormal cellular oxygen metabolism in many neurological disorders.
Co-occurrence of pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma of the organ of Zuckerkandl resected simultaneously by laparoscopy: a rare case report and literature review
Authors: Chang Zhi , Shang Jiwen , Yang Shushang , Qin Wuyao , Cui Hao
Published: March 2023

Pheochromocytomas (PHEOs) and paragangliomas are generally grouped as rare chromaffin cell tumors. The co-occurrence of PHEOs and paragangliomas of the organ of Zuckerkandl (POZ) is extremely rare. The most common symptom of pheochromocytoma-paraganglioma (PPGL) is hypertension, and open surgery is still recommended for the treatment of large PPGLs. Herein, we report a case of a successful simultaneous laparoscopic resection of a large PHEO accompanied by POZ in a 40-year-old man with normal blood pressure. DNA analysis revealed a mutation in the succinate dehydrogenase subunit B in both the PHEO and the POZ. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of tumors occurring simultaneously in these two locations. We believe that the co-occurrence of PHEO and POZ is extremely rare, and the possibility of PPGL cannot be ruled out in patients with normal blood pressure. The decision to perform laparoscopic surgery remains questionable for patients with a large PHEO and POZ. In addition, a genetic examination should be performed to identify the existence of PPGL-related inherited syndromes.
Adherent-invasive Escherichia coli associated with granulomatous colitis and extraintestinal dissemination in a Sphynx cat
Authors: Tuomisto Laura , Kant Ravi , Kiviranta Anna-Mariam , Helkiö Kukka-Maaria , Sironen Tarja , Sukura Antti , Wilkes Rebecca P. , Kegler Kristel
Published: March 2023

This case report describes a case of granulomatous colitis (GC) associated with adherent-invasive Escherichia coli (AIEC) with extension to cecum and ileum and dissemination to multiple lymph nodes, the spleen, and brain in a 10-year-old, male Sphynx cat. The cat had an episode of diarrhea 4 months prior to consultation due to sudden blindness. Signs rapidly progressed to ataxia, seizures, and death. Gross and histologic findings were consistent with granulomatous inflammation in all affected organs. In situ hybridization confirmed the presence of intracellular E. coli within enterocytes and infiltrating macrophages, and whole genome sequencing identified virulence traits commonly linked to AIEC strain. This is the first characterization of GC in a cat associated to AIEC resembling the metastatic form of Crohn’s disease in humans and GC of dogs. Extraintestinal involvement might provide evidence of the ability of AIEC to promote granulomatous inflammation beyond the gut.
Passenger Flow Detection in Subway Stations Based on Improved You Only Look Once Algorithm
Authors: Li Xianwang , Zhang Yuxiang , He Deqiang , Teng Xiaoliang , Liu Bin , Chen Yanjun
Published: March 2023

Passenger flow detection plays an important role in guaranteeing passenger safety. It contributes to the efficiency of passenger flow control at stations. However, passenger flow detection in subway stations has the problems of target size inconsistency and poor detection effects of small targets. To solve this problem, an improved You Only Look Once algorithm (Improved-YOLO) is proposed based on the YOLOv4 for passenger flow detection in subway stations. The repeatable bidirectional feature fusion (BiFF) module was designed to combine with the adaptively spatial feature fusion (ASFF) module to replace the feature fusion network of the YOLOv4. To verify the effectiveness of the Improved-YOLO, the passenger flow dataset of Nanning Metro Line 1 was used for the experiment. Augmentation and transfer learning were then used to improve the performance of the model. Compared with the YOLOv4, the results showed that the mean average accuracy (mAP) of the Improved-YOLO increased from 89.63% to 92.96%, and the detection time of a single frame image reduced from 61 ms to 52 ms. Compared with other classical models, the Improved-YOLO showed satisfactory performance in passenger flow detection in subway stations. These experimental results can provide reference and theoretical support for real-time passenger flow detection and passenger behavior recognition in subways.
Improving the interfacial shear strength of polypropylene/carbon fiber nonwoven composite by three different methods
Authors: Yan Xin , Zhao Guanglei , Yang Jin , Wang Xiwen
Published: March 2023

This paper introduces three different methods to improve the interfacial shear strength (IFSS) of PP/CF nonwoven composites: (A) mixing maleic anhydride-grafted-PP (MAPP) powder into polypropylene/carbon fiber (PP/CF) nonwoven preform, (B) grafting MAPP onto polydopamine-coated-CF (PCF) utilizing esterification reaction, and (C) coating ethylene–glycidyl methacrylate (E-GMA) copolymer onto CF through solution dipping. First, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) results over modified CFs show that the MAPP and E-GMA were delivered onto CF. Surface Chemistry analysis validated the esterification between MAPP and PCF. Second, the tensile test and SEM observation of composites’ tensile fracture region confirmed the improved interfacial adhesion. Tensile strength was improved by 42.5%, 44.6%, and 49.8% by Method A, B, and C, respectively. Finally, the Bowyer-Bader methodology estimated the IFSS improvement of 352%, 161%, and 136% produced by Method A, B, and C, respectively.