bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Digital Cluster Markets
Authors: Herbert Hovenkamp
Published: July 2022

One foundational requirement of markets in antitrust cases is that they consist of products that are close substitutes for one another. Even though markets are nearly always porous, this principle is very robust in antitrust analysis and there are few deviations. The principle is also important for ensuring that changes in substantive antitrust law are not made through the back door as a result of overly broad or narrow market definitions.

This Article considers the role of “cluster” markets, or markets for goods that are not close substitutes, in antitrust litigation, the minimum requirements for recognizing such markets, and the relevance of network effects in identifying them. Clustering noncompeting products into a single market for purposes of antitrust analysis can be valuable, provided that its limitations are understood. Clustering contributes to market power when (1) many customers prefer the convenience of receiving the defendant’s grouping of products rather than any single one, or (2) economies of joint provision (economies of scope in production) make joint distribution of the cluster cheaper per good than distribution of each separately, and (3) entering into competition with the cluster is difficult.

When network effects are present, an important additional reason is what might be termed economies of scope in consumption, or increased value that accrues as a group of goods or services offered on the same platform becomes not only more numerous but also more diverse. Often the best way to address the cluster market problem is to avoid market definition altogether. Here, digital markets are particularly susceptible to direct measurements of market power that do not depend on a market definition. One limitation on their use, however, is that many of the methodologies require estimating demand changes in response to price changes, but several digital platforms engage with consumers at a price of zero. Here, however, changes in product quality can operate as an adequate (inverse) surrogate for changes in price.

Finally, the logic of cluster markets carries an implicit warning about antitrust remedies. Clustering occurs when it creates value, and for consumers as well as producers. As a result, antitrust enforcers should be wary about aggressive breakup remedies that serve to break apart components that were clustered for the very reason that clustering is valuable.
The Case for a Government-Authorized Self-Regulatory Organization for Commercial Litigation Funders
Authors: Keith Geddings
Published: July 2022

This Note argues that a self-regulatory organization can effectively regulate commercial litigation funders operating in the United States. Critics of litigation funding have argued that the existence of third-party funders could lead to meritless lawsuits. Regulations that require the disclosure of the involvement of litigation funders has been proposed as a potential solution. This Note refutes the argument that litigation funding leads to meritless lawsuits by showing that such lawsuits offer no financial incentive to litigation funders. Because of the time value of money, one major risk is that litigation funders will encourage clients they fund to settle lawsuits sooner rather than later so that funders can redeploy their capital and capture more gains in a specified period of time. To prevent such behavior, litigation funders need a regulatory monitor to prevent them from attempting to influence the legal decisions in the cases that they fund. This Note argues that a viable self-regulatory organization should be created in the United States by pulling from regulatory models in Australia and the United Kingdom, and coupling a government mandate with an already extant industry self-regulatory organization. Such an organization could effectively address the risk posed by litigation funders while allowing them to help offset the costs of litigation for their clients.
A Bankrupt Bargain
Authors: Olivia Hunter
Published: July 2022

This Note discusses the conflict between labor law and the Bankruptcy Code, specifically focusing on whether bankrupt debtor firms can reject expired labor contracts within bankruptcy. The National Labor Relations Act prohibits employers from unilaterally changing key terms of an expired collective bargaining agreement after the agreement has expired. This rule serves to promote labor peace and prevent coercive actions by employers during the post-expiration negotiation period. Increasingly, Bankruptcy courts interpret the statutory provision that governs the rejection of labor contracts, § 1113 of the Bankruptcy Code, to allow for rejection of expired agreements. This trend poses a threat to labor unions’ bargaining power and conflicts with the National Labor Relations Act’s statutory goals. This Note argues that a textualist interpretation of § 1113 illuminates legislative intent to prohibit debtors’ rejection of expired collective bargaining agreements in bankruptcy. It argues that § 1113 allows for temporary changes to the terms of an expired agreement, simultaneously providing for relief for the debtor while preserving the intended negotiation process between unions and employers.
The Privacy Limits of Transacting in Bitcoin
Authors: Yana Kogan
Published: July 2022

The Bitcoin blockchain, a prime example of disruptive technology, has fundamentally altered the way various industries approach remote transactions. Bitcoin grants privacy to its users by anonymizing public keys, provides autonomy by eliminating the need for trusted third parties, and maintains transparency through its public disclosure protocol. Bitcoin is an innovative manifestation of the Fourth Amendment ideals of security and autonomy. It is, thus, no surprise that the Bitcoin blockchain presents unprecedented Fourth Amendment challenges for courts to consider.

In United States v. Gratkowski, the Fifth Circuit addressed the novel issue of whether Fourth Amendment protections extend to an individual’s Bitcoin transactions. Notably, the court was the first to find that an individual does not have a privacy interest in their information located directly on the Bitcoin blockchain. However, the Fifth Circuit applied inconsistent and flawed reasoning in reaching this decision, demonstrating a fundamental misunderstanding of Bitcoin and its users.

Accordingly, this Note argues that the Gratkowski decision should be applied narrowly and with caution, especially considering the Supreme Court’s warnings against the incompatibility of current Fourth Amendment doctrine with the digital age. It then suggests implementing a modified reasonable expectation-of-privacy standard, supplementing the current standard with an additional inquiry into what information an individual disclosed when initiating a transaction. This modified standard would preserve the integrity of Bitcoin, while simultaneously articulating a proper framework for assessing privacy concerns in the context of Bitcoin and blockchain technology.
Patient-Reported Outcomes of Symptom Severity and Functional Ability in Major Depressive Disorder: A Cross-Sectional Analytical Study from Western India
Authors: Mudakavi Irasangappa , Rentala Sreevani
Published: July 2022

Background: India is home to an estimated 57 million people (18% of the global estimate) affected by depression. Major depressive disorder (MDD) is considered to be a leading cause of disability globally. Everyone experiences depression differently. It is evident that MDD significantly hampers the adaptive functioning of the patients.
Aim: We intended to assess the symptom severity and functional ability among individuals with MDD attending outpatient psychiatric units and also to find out the relationship between symptom severity and functional ability.
Methods: A total of 142 individuals with MDD were screened, consecutive sampling technique was used to enroll 80 eligible (July 2021 to December 2021) individuals in the study. The data were collected using Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D) and Work and Social Adjustment Scale (WSAS). The data were analysed using SPSS version 25 (IBM Corp, Armonk NY).
Result: The response rate of the study was 100%. We recorded that 41.3% of participants had mild symptoms and about 36.3% had severe to very-severe symptoms of depression (overall mean & SD=16.28±5.89). With respect to functional ability, it was recorded that 22.5% of participants experienced significant functional impairment and about 66.3% experienced a moderately-severe disturbance in their functioning (overall mean & SD=22.90±6.93). There is a positive linear correlation between symptom severity and functional ability scores (r=0.209). Linear regression showed no predictors significantly predicting the symptom severity and functional ability among participants with MDD.
Conclusion: The current study findings are suggestive that the participants with MDD experience depressive symptoms with varied intensity. Since symptom severity is associated with the functioning, resulting in significant impairment in performing daily activities was evident. There is a need for follow-up studies with a more rigorous methodology to have more insight into the trajectory of outcome variables.

Key words: Major Depressive Disorder, Symptom Severity, Functional Ability, Cross-sectional Analytical Study.
Effectiveness of Self Instructional Module on Knowledge Regarding Pediatric Advanced Life Support (PALS) among the Staff Nurses Working in Pediatric Wards of Selected Hospitals at Dehradun: A Pre-Experimental Study
Authors: Thing Shanti Kumari , Tamang Bishnu Maya , Mandal Prof. Gayanand
Published: July 2022

Pediatric Advanced Life Support is the assessment and support of pulmonary and circulatory function in the period before an arrest, during arrest and after an arrest. Consistent with the Chain of Survival PALS should focus on prevention of the causes of arrest (Sudden Infant Death Syndrome, injury, and choking) and on early detection, rapid treatment of cardiopulmonary compromise and arrest in the critically ill or injured child. The study aimed at finding out the effectiveness of Self Instructional Module on knowledge regarding Pediatric Advanced Life Support (PALS) among the staff nurses.
Methods: In this pre-experimental study, I enrolled 60 staff nurses of pediatric wards working in Combined Medical Institute and Doon Valley Hospital of Dehradun. They were selected by purposive sampling technique. The tool used for the study consists of two sections: Structured schedule questionnaire seeks information about socio-demographic variable and structured knowledge questionnaire. They were analyzed and interpreted by using descriptive and inferential statistics at level of significance 0.05.
Results: The assessment of the effectiveness of the simulated instructional module on knowledge of the staff nurses regarding pediatric advanced life support revealed that the knowledge increased after intervention is 35.43% at P< 0.05 using structured knowledge questionnaire. Hence, it is inferred that, there is a significant increase in the knowledge of the staff nurses.
Conclusions: Based on the findings of the study, there was no significant association between the knowledge level and demographic variables of the staff nurses. Therefore, the investigator felt that it was necessary to improve the knowledge level and signify the knowledge of staff nurse.

Key words: Knowledge, pre-experimental study, pediatric advance life support, staff nurses, simulated instructional module.
Biometrics of the External Ear of the Ijaws in Bayelsa State, Nigeria
Authors: T.R. Ogoun
Published: July 2022

Aim: Ear biometrics is key to evaluating various ear deformities, acquire syndromes and reconstructive surgery. This study was aimed at assessing the normative value of the external ear of the Ijaws in Bayelsa State.
Study Design: This is a cross sectional study of 570 subjects [290 male and 280 females] between the ages of 18-45yeras, were recruited for this study.
Method: The anatomical landmarks used for ear biometrics of both sides were
[1].Total Ear Length [TEL]: Uppermost point of the pinna to the lowermost point of lobule
[2] Ear Breadth [EB]:Measured distance from root of the ear to maximum convexity of the helix. [3] Ear Index [EI] was calculated by dividing ear breadth /ear length multiply by 100.
RESULTS: The results showed that the mean male right total ear length and breadth are 60.27±0.90 and 34.57±0.77, the left total ear length and breadth are 60.59±1.24 and 34.91±1.13 with right and left ear indices as 57.68±1.42 and 57.76±1.00 . The mean female right total ear length and breadth are 7.62±0.87 and 30.36±0.77, while the female left total ear length and breadth are 56.93±0.94 and 31.79±0.57 with right and left ear indices as 52.66±1.17 and 55.97±0.89 respectively. The findings showed no significant difference between the male right and left total ear length and breadth, female right and left total ear length and breadth. The Ijaw male right total ear length and breadth tend to be higher than the female counterparts (p<0.05). More so, the Ijaw males possess higher left total ear length and breadth than their females (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Ear biometrics are useful diagnostic tools for congenital malformations, acquired deformities, treatment planning and forensic studies because of the high level of sexual dimorphism.

Key words: Biometrics, Ear index, Sexual Dimorphism..
mRNA Vaccine - Game Changer against Infectious Disease
Authors: Subramanian Rashmi , Meganathan Prabhu , Selvarajan Raja
Published: July 2022

Millions of diseases are prevented each year by vaccines, saving thousands of lives. A variety of paediatric diseases have been significantly reduced over the past decade as a result of widespread vaccinations, including smallpox, measles, and polio. The ability of mRNA vaccines to evolve rapidly, their high potency, and the potential for low-cost and safe delivery, make them a promising alternative to traditional vaccines. However, until recently, their use was limited because to the instability and inefficiency of mRNA distribution in vivo. Non-infectious disorders, such as cancer, may not be amenable to traditional vaccine techniques. Due to this, there is a great need for more powerful and diverse vaccination platforms. This Review examines potential directions and problems in bringing this promising vaccination platform to mainstream therapeutic usage.

Key words: mRNA Vaccine, Infectious Disease, COVID-19 mRNA vaccines, vaccination drive .
Evaluation of the Clinical Profile and Application of MASCC Scoring in the Severity Grading of Febrile Neutropenic Patients
Authors: Bright Binu , Ravi Aiswarya , B. S Dhanasekaran
Published: July 2022

Background: Febrile neutropenia is a major cause of mortality and morbidity in patients on chemotherapy for malignancy. [1][2] It is an oncologic emergency which requires prompt recognition, diagnosis and treatment. It is defined as the single body temperature (oral temperature) of > 38° C (101°F) or an oral temperature of ≥ 38.3◦C persisting for more than 1 hours with an absolute neutrophil count (ANC) of < 1500 cells/mm³. The Multinational Association for Supportive Care Cancer Risk Index is an internationally validated scoring system, published in the year 2000, identifies the low-risk patients to develop serious complications, who can potentially be treated as out patients with oral antibiotics. [3] [5] [6] The score quantifies the risk of FN-related complications by incorporating the patient and cancer characteristics, giving a maximum score of 26. Score more than 20 points is considered as low risk compared to those with less than or equal to 20 points with high risk for serious FN-related complications.
Methods: This is a prospective observational study conducted on 100 patients presenting to Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences (AIMS), Kochi, with Febrile Neutropenia. MASCC Risk Index Score was used to stratify patients into low-risk and high-risk groups. Blood culture and sensitivity were done for all patients apart from all relevant specific investigations.
Results: Out of 100 patients included in the study, 51 were males. FN incidence was more in the age group between 46 and 60. MASCC Risk Index Scoring was used to calculate the level of risk. 60 patients were belonging to low-risk category. Incidence of FN was more in Haematological malignancies, especially in Acute Myeloid Leukaemia. Only 32 patients were found to be having positive blood culture – most of them being found to have Gram-negative bacteria. Appropriate IV antibiotics were used for the initial treatment of the culture positive patients apart from other supportive measures. [8] Regarding patient disposal, 34 patients needed ICU care and 55 were treated in the ward. 11 patients expired - the mortality being more in culture positive patients with one or more associated co morbidities.
Conclusions: We analysed that episodes of FN were common in the middle-aged population. The MASCC score identified patients with febrile neutropenic episodes as elevated risk and low risk. [4] [7] Gram-negative bacteraemia is the predominant cause of febrile neutropenia in our setup.

Key words: [MASCC, Febrile Neutropenia, Malignancy, Chemotherapy, Emergency].
Dynamic Elbow Brace for Post Operative Rehabilitations
Authors: Soundar Rajan Ramya , Behura Saroj Kanta
Published: July 2022

Background and aim: The author created a dynamic elbow brace for a 48-year-old lady who had suffered a brachial plexus injury following surgery. The device was developed with therapeutic rehabilitation in consideration while being cost-effective. This design was distinct because it made use of low-cost items that were easily sourced and maintained.
Technique: Device with mechanical parts such as DC motor, DPDT switch, pulleys, belts and MS bar were conceptualized and manufactured. The design work in the pulley system.
Discussion: This device allowed the individual to do therapeutic exercise which help in the motion rehabilitation after brachial plexus injury. To meet economical limits, low-cost and conveniently accessible materials were used.

Key words: dynamic elbow brace, brachial plexus injury, cost effective, therapeutic rehabilitation, post operative brace.
STUDY REGARDING THE DIRECTIONS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE OINA GAME
Authors:   ”Aurelian Stanciu” Secondary School, Salcea, Romania, Gălățeanu Sorin
Published: July 2022

Abstract. Oina is a sports game with a limited spread, found especially in rural areas and especially around centers with a tradition spread throughout the country. The most recent articles and studies try to crystallize their own methodology, oriented towards the modern, global path, but without denying the opportunity to use the analytical path in certain situations, moments or stages of the training process. The study of the literature shows the idea that the oina game is based on a small number of own research and the learning methodology is based on studies and research done in other sports games. The opinion of the oina people, unanimously accepted, is that at present, the specialized literature in the field is incomplete and in fact clearly ahead from the practical side of the problem. At the level of the school oina for the physical education classes as well as during the classes within the sports circles, we do not find many published studies, although in the schools where oina is practiced there is an intense practical training activity. The purpose of this study is represented by the opinion of physical education and sports teachers regarding the development directions, identifying the difficulties faced by oina game. The survey was attended by 24 teachers from Romania who train representative oina teams at the level of the gymnasium cycle and not only. The surveyed teachers identified several directions of development, specifying the difficulties encountered in the development of the oina game. As a research method, we used the sociological survey to find out the opinions of the specialists involved in the sheep game. We used the survey to study the opinions of specialists, where the questionnaire contains questions regarding the development directions, the way the teams are trained
THE NEED FOR LIFELONG LEARNING AND PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF SPORTS MANAGERS
Authors:   Sports High School, Targu-Jiu, Romania, Cernitoiu Cosmin
Published: July 2022

Abstract. The development of the intellectual abilities of managers is an essential mechanism for the modernization of the society in a continuous phenomenon of globalization. According to A.N. Dakhin, this means that, in fact, "the ability to generate, reproduce, master and use knowledge becomes the main resource of a person in the 21st century". Another point of view in this direction is the opinion of Michael Barber, one of the world's leading experts in educational policy, who states that the need for a transition to a school model, "whose purpose is to prepare students, has become obvious, for the knowledge-based economy, developing the ability to search, synthesize and critically understand an increasing volume of information, as well as the simple assimilation of knowledge. " Thus, managers certainly need to train and develop appropriate skills to perform their activities in optimal and efficient conditions”. M. Barber suggests that the educational outcomes of graduates depend mainly on the quality of teaching. One of the structural elements that characterizes an efficient education system is the professional teaching staff and the "continuous improvement of the qualities and skills of the staff". A large number of studies have been devoted to the problem of professional development of a teacher, but the issue of leading teachers learning we find it in less researches.
IMPACT OF SENSORY-MOTOR ACTIONS ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF BOXER MOVEMENT COORDINATION
Authors:   ”Dunărea de Jos” University, Galati, Romania, Saulea George-Dan
Published: July 2022

Abstract. The present study reveals a specific methodological approach regarding the training of junior boxers with the application at the training process base of sensory-motor actions in order to determine the optimal ways of educating the coordination of movements. In this context, a test module is developed and approved, the character of which elucidates and essentializes the specific actions on which a training process can be based, aimed at increasing the coordination qualities, which will later be able to converse the training activity on the vector of increase performance. Along with other specific tests provided for determining the training levels of boxers, the respective test module can promptly establish the concordance between the forms of practice so that all prescribed actions are found to be important for the effective training of technical-tactical skills specific to the contemporary boxer.
Associação entre triagem nutricional e avaliação antropométrica de pacientes candidatos à cirurgia cardíaca eletiva em um hospital de referência
Authors: Dannielle do Espirito Santo Souza Yasmym , Moreira Jorvana Stanislav Brasil , Gabbay Rafaelle Dias , Torres do Couto Roberta , Fortes Tavares Géssica , Fernanda Rodrigues Ferreira Erika , Santos Barroso Jackeline , Ariane Amaro Lobato Talita , Da Silva Guterres Aldair
Published: July 2022

As doenças cardiovasculares são as principais causas de mortes no mundo, sendo o Infarto Agudo do Miocárdio e as Valvulopatias algumas das condições envolvidas nesse grupo. O objetivo do estudo foi associar a triagem nutricional (NRS 2002) com a avaliação antropométrica em pacientes candidatos à cirurgia cardíaca eletiva. Estudo transversal realizado em 38 pacientes adultos de ambos os sexos aspirantes à Revascularização do Miocárdio, Troca de Válvula ou cirurgia combinada em um hospital referência. Foi realizada a triagem e a avaliação antropométrica pelo peso, estatura, Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC), Circunferência do Braço (CB), Adequação da Circunferência do Braço (%ACB) e Circunferência da Panturrilha (CP). O diagnóstico nutricional mais predominante foi de eutrofia, considerando tanto o IMC (44,73%) quanto o %ACB (57,89%). Com relação à CP, 90,47% da amostra apresentou adequação ao ponto de corte. Não houve associação estatisticamente significativa entre triagem nutricional e avaliação antropométrica. Apesar de associação estatística não significante, observou-se grande número de pacientes com risco nutricional, ressaltando a importância da triagem de risco nutricional na prática clínica para uma intervenção nutricional precoce.
Remote and Indigenous Broadband: A Comparison of Canadian and U.S. Initiatives and Indigenous Engagement
Authors: Hudson Heather E. , McMahon Rob
Published: July 2022

This article compares funding and other broadband policies for rural and Indigenous regions in Canada and in the United States. It also includes examples of Indigenous engagement in the policy and regulatory processes in both countries. This research brings to light instances of policy diffusion between Canada and the United States, and demonstrates how Indigenous groups can contribute to more inclusive forms of telecommunications policy development. The article concludes with lessons from the Canadian and U.S. policy and regulatory experiences that could be relevant for broadband policy development in other countries with rural and Indigenous regions.
ANAIS DO II CONGRESSO DE MEDICINA INTEGRADA DO CENTRO-NORTE GOIANO (II CMIG)
Authors:   LITERACIA CIENTÍFICA EDITORA & CURSOS, Costa Beatriz Campos , Batista Matheus Neres , Sousa Júnior Joel Alves de , Souto Eduarda Sousa
Published: July 2022

O II Congresso de Medicina Integrada do Centro-Norte Goiano (II CMIG), organizado pelo Centro Acadêmico Dr João Jaques Coelho (CAJJC), teve como objetivo ser um evento acadêmico de médio a grande porte e elevada qualidade, proporcionado aos estudantes de faculdades da área da saúde, em específico a de Medicina. Voltado à prática médica e ao conhecimento integrado da área da saúde o CMIG busca suprir a demanda dos estudantes depois de um período crítico de pandemia, no qual a área prática ficou em falta devido as consequências da COVID-19. O congresso se desenvolveu por meio de palestras e oficinas, abordando temas de significativa importância para o crescimento prático e teórico dos acadêmicos da região. Além disso, buscou-se contribuir na formação completa na área médica, levando situações relevantes do cotidiano. O II CMIG também possuiu área científica desenvolvida para exposição de estudos e consequente publicação. O evento buscou novidades na área da saúde e instigou os futuros médicos manterem-se na vertente da pesquisa e aprimorarem seus serviços e currículos.
Factores de resistencia microbiana de Enterococcus Faecalis asociado a fracasos endodónticos
Authors: Nemer Molina Natalia , Centeno Dávila María del Cisne , Artieda Sáenz José , Claure Venegas Denisse
Published: July 2022

Introducción: La microbiota en la terapia endodóntica es considerada una de las causas fundamentales de infecciones microbiológicas. El Enterococcus Faecalis microorganismo esencial tiene la capacidad de sobrevivir en medios adversos dentro de los túbulos dentinarios, sus mecanismos de resistencia, virulencia y patogenicidad son factores relevantes para asociarlo lesiones periapicales persistentes post- tratamiento evidentes en fracasos. Objetivo: El objetivo de esta revisión bibliográfica es conocer los factores de resistencia bacteriana que presenta el Enterococcus Faecalis asociado a los fracasos endodónticos reportados en la literatura a nivel mundial. Metodología: Se realizó una búsqueda en portales como: PubMed, Google Académico, Scielo, Scopus, donde se recopiló información documentada de artículos que dan a conocer los factores de resistencia de Enterococcus Faecalis, estos realizados en diferentes países en los últimos veinte años. Resultados: La mayoría de los artículos reportan que los principales factores de resistencia bacteriana del Enterococcus Faecalis son la producción de distintas sustancias tales como la sustancia de agregación (Cas), producción de proteínas específicas como la proteína de superficie (Esp), Gelatinasa, citolisina, la producción de superóxido extracelular, y como mecanismo de acción la función de la bomba de protones y la producción de beta-lactamasa. Conclusión: Se conoció la complejidad etiológica y los factores de resistencia de la microbiota presente en los conductos radiculares, tales como: producción de proteínas de superficie, presencia de enzimas específicas como: citolisina, hemolisina, muramidasas, gelatinasa, la función de la bomba de protones, la sustancia de agregación y como estructura principal bacteriana, su pared celular.; se destaca la prevalencia del Enterococcus Faecalis principal causal de infección secundaria. Sus habilidades de prevalecer en ambientes extremos, modificar sus capacidades, y sus complejos factores de resistencia lleva a esta bacteria a ser un microorganismo potenciado.
Prevalencia de la neumatizacion del seno maxilar, mediante CBCT en centros radiologicos. Guayaquil
Authors: Barzola Ampuero Jimmy , Gómez Cano Leonor
Published: July 2022

Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia de la neumatización del seno maxilar en relación a la ausencia de piezas dentales y reabsorción alveolar para el éxito en plan de tratamiento quirúrgico y protésico. Materiales y métodos:  Estudio de tipo transversal, se observaron 200 tomografías computarizadas aplicando los criterios de inclusión y exclusión. De aquellas tomografías, en 90 se analizó la zona de segundos premolares hasta terceros molares donde el sitio que presente menor reborde óseo será el punto de análisis. Resultados: según la clasificación de Cawood y Howell sobre los tipos de rebordes atróficos posteriores, el más prevalente fue la clase V observada en 41% de los senos maxilares izquierdos y 45% en los senos maxilares derechos. Según la clasificación de Niu sobre los contornos de los pisos sinusales, se observó que los tipos A cónicos estrechos fueron los más prevalente en la ausencia de los segundos premolares hasta los segundos molares, tanto en los senos maxilares izquierdos como en los derechos. Con respecto a la disponibilidad alveolar, según la clasificación de Carl Misch, el grado IV fue el más prevalente en un 63% de los senos maxilares izquierdos y un 62% en senos maxilares derechos. Consecuentemente, mientras menos reborde alveolar había, mayor era el colapso del seno maxilar, mismo que según el estudio de García, se lo clasifica como grado 4 de neumatización en 64% de los senos maxilares izquierdos y 66% en los derechos. A su vez se observó que mientras menos disponibilidad ósea había, la profundidad del seno maxilar estaba por debajo de los 6 mm del paladar, correspondiendo a una clasificación III según Wagner en su estudio. Conclusión: La pérdida de piezas dentales produce la reabsorción del hueso maxilar y por siguiente la neumatización del seno maxilar.
Ventajas clínicas del SDI y Resin Coating en los procesos adhesivos, una nueva visión
Authors: Gangotena Altamirano Camila Daniela , Armas Vega Ana del Carmen
Published: July 2022

Objetivo: identificar las ventajas de aplicar la técnica SDI y resin coating durante la preparación dentaria en restauraciones indirectas. Materiales y métodos: se realizó una investigación descriptiva con una búsqueda sistemática de artículos científicos, de los cuales 15 fueron incluidos en la presente revisión luego de hacer un descarte en base a los criterios de exclusión. Resultados: la colocación de un agente adhesivo inmediatamente después de la preparación mejora la fuerza de unión y prolonga la supervivencia de las restauraciones. La pre-polimerización en restauraciones previene la microfiltración bacteriana durante la fase provisional, y reduce de manera significativa la hipersensibilidad post cementación. Se determinó que la técnica de resin coating va en conjunto con la técnica SDI, pues, mejora la fuerza de unión microtensil en adhesivos ligeramente relleno, sin relleno y en general, por la capa hibrida que genera la colocación de una resina fluida en la superficie. Conclusiones: se determinó varias ventajas clínicas al aplicar las técnicas de SDI y resin coating, tales como la disminución de la hipersensibilidad post cementación, la resistencia al cizallamiento, y el aumento la fuerza de unión microtensil (μTBS).
Evaluación de proximidad de raíces dentarias superiores al seno maxilar mediante tomografía computarizada de haz cónico y su importancia en Endodoncia
Authors: Tul Tipantuña Alejandra Carolina , Aguirre Balseca Guillermo Mauricio , Peñaherrera Manosalvas María Soledad
Published: July 2022

La anatomía del seno maxilar, tiene una estrecha relación con las raíces dentales superiores. Convirtiéndose en un reto para tratamientos endodónticos. El piso del seno maxilar está recubierto por una fina capa cortical y por la membrana de Schneider, la cual puede ser perforada causando comunicaciones endoantrales. Siendo visibles mediante el empleo de una Tomografía Computarizada de Haz Cónicos. Donde se identifica la extensión de una lesión periapical o iatrogenia. Por ello el objetivo de este estudio es establecer la proximidad entre las raíces dentarias del maxilar superior con respecto al seno maxilar con información de estudios ejecutados, empleando Tomografía Computarizada de Haz Cónico y su importancia en la rama de la endodoncia, en bases de datos como Pubmed, Google Scholar y ELSIERVER desde el año 2012 a 2022. Utilizando las siguientes palabras clave: Tomografía Computarizada de Haz Cónico, Endodoncia, Seno Maxilar, Raíz del Diente, Proximidad. Obteniendo 669 artículos científicos, los cuales 17 artículos cumplieron los criterios de inclusión y exclusión. La raíz mesiovestibular del segundo molar superior se encontró con mayor frecuencia dentro del piso del seno maxilar en la mayoría evaluaciones tomográficas. Para el estudio completo de la anatomía del piso del seno maxilar y su íntima relación con las puntas de las raíces dentarias es importante implementar imágenes tomográficas computarizadas de haz cónico, que brinde información completa y tridimensional sobre la anatomía, ya que este puede extenderse hacia regiones anteriores o mostrar montículos, siendo más probable el riesgo de causar una comunicación endoantral durante el tratamiento endodóntico.
Aplicación de tablas de contingencia para relacionar las variables área urbana y edad de la madre como factores que inciden en la mortalidad fetal
Authors: Carrillo Ronnie E. , E. Arias José , L. Mejillones Erick , A. Naranjo Pedro
Published: July 2022

El objetivo de este trabajo es identificar el riesgo de defunción fetal relacionado a los factores maternos de las mujeres que habitan en las zonas urbanas y rurales. El problema radica en la poca importancia que toman las mujeres en las distintas zonas (ya sea urbana o rural) de estos factores, al momento de determinar la causa de defunción del organismo, debido a que estas no lo consideran como algo influyente, lo cual tiene como principal consecuencia una escasa información sobre si alguno de estos acontecimientos fue el responsable o no del fallecimiento del organismo. Para poder resolver este problema se emplean ciertos algoritmos que nos ayudan a correlacionar dichos factores aplicando tablas de contingencia y chi cuadrado, adicionalmente se representaran en el análisis causa raíz para facilitar el entendimiento de dichos factores. se determinó que uno de los principales factores que afectan al feto en zonas urbanas esto puede ser debido la contaminación ambiental en áreas con mucho smoke, lo cual causa la hipoxia del feto (4,89) a diferencia de las zonas rurales donde el principal factor es el déficit de conocimiento acerca del embarazo y la escasez económica por otro lado es contradictorio que las zonas urbanas posean más control prenatal y asistencia médica no obstante es la zona con más muertes presentada con 1558 casos registrados.
Clima Organizacional y Desempeño Laboral del Talento Humano en la Federación Deportiva de Cotopaxi (FDC)
Authors: Achote Caisaguano Myriam Maximina , Tunja Castro Diana Teresa , Montero Reyes Yilena
Published: July 2022

El clima organizacional (CO) constituye un aspecto determinante de las percepciones que los colaboradores de empresas privadas o públicas, tienen de las estructuras, procesos, ambientes y situaciones que ocurren en su medio laboral. Desde estas perspectivas, la presente investigación tuvo como propósito fundamental, realizar una valoración del CO y analizar su vínculo con el desempeño laboral de los colaboradores de la Federación Deportiva de Cotopaxi, ubicada en el cantón Latacunga a partir de la aplicación de dos cuestionarios: se utilizó un cuestionario para el estudio de la percepción del clima organizacional y otro para determinar el nivel de desempeño laboral. Ambos fueron aplicados a la totalidad de los colaboradores de la institución, que son 60. La investigación es de tipo descriptiva que se enriquece en la búsqueda de información sobre cada variable, a fin de caracterizar el problema, bajo la modalidad básica de investigación y fundamentada en el paradigma cuantitativo. Sin dudas, el CO en la Federación Deportiva de Cotopaxi, de acuerdo a la percepción de los colaboradores, es medianamente favorable en las dimensiones estudiadas teniendo en cuenta la evaluación realizada. Se requieren alternativas de mejora y planes de acción que puedan contrarrestar esta situación considerando que el CO es determinante en el desempeño laboral. La percepción de los directivos es muy diferente a la percepción que tienen los colaboradores del trabajo realizado, evidentemente los directivos no reconocen falencias en su liderazgo y direccionamiento en la organización, mientras los colaboradores mantienen criterios diferentes. Se pudo analizar que el valor de Rho de Spearman es de 0,930 por lo que presentan una correlación significativa entre ambas variables: el CO incide significativamente en el desempeño laboral de los colaboradores.
Effect of quercetinon drug induced hepatotoxicity
Authors: Thakare Vinod M. , Dhotkar Pradnya R. , Danao Kishor R. , Dumore Monali N. , Dumore Nitin G. , Sabale Prafulla M.
Published: July 2022

Objectives-The present study was designed 1. To achieved maximum yield of bioactive extract from the plant through extraction process. 2. To investigated phytochemicals constituents. 3. To determined pharmacological screening of quercetin against hepatotoxicity. Methods- Crude extracts of Moringa oleifera leaves were prepared using various solvents using petroleum ether, chloroform, ethanol, methanol in succession using soxhlet apparatus. The plant extracts were subjected for photochemical analysis, total phenolic content and total flavonoid content. The extracts were then subjected to column chromatography followed by TLC. The isolated compound was subjected to experimental animals and hepatoprotective activity was studied. Results-The ethanol extract showed the presence of higher flavonoid content when compared with other solvent extracts. The ethanol extract was subjected to fractionalization by column chromatography. The eluted fractions were run in TLC mobile phase with the different solvent ratio. Chromatographic fingerprinting showed the presence of flavonoids. It was found that there was significant decrease in the SGOT, SGPT, ALP and Total Bilirubin level in animal by giving quercetin of ethanolic extract of Moringa oleifera plant. Conclusion - The present investigation revealed that the extract containing quercetin of Moringa oleifera showed excellent hepatoprotective activity against Paracetamol induced hepatotoxicity.
Presence (False-Authentic) among university students
Authors: Salah Alaa Jamal , Al-Sayed Salman Reiam Waddah
Published: July 2022

The research aims to: Identify the presence (false - authentic) among the students of the University of Kufa. As well as the statistically significant differences in the presence (false - authentic) among university students according to the variables of gender, specialization and grade. To achieve the objectives of the research, the researchers built a research tool: Existence (false - authentic) and the research tools were applied to the basic research sample of (569) male and female students from the University of Kufa and for scientific and human specialists, at a rate of 2% of the original community by the random stratified method. After collecting and analyzing the data statistically using the SPSS statistical package for social sciences, the researchers reached the following results: The students of the University of Kufa students have a genuine presence. And male students have a higher value than female students. The advanced stages have a higher value than the later stages. And the scientific specializations have a genuine presence of the highest value than the human specializations. In light of the results, the researchers made a number of recommendations and suggestions.
Clinical study of management of un-descended testes in pediatric age group
Authors: Namadar Sanjay , Baragi Chetan , Habada Sunil Kumar , Bhuyan Susanta Kumar
Published: July 2022

Background: The mode of un-descended testes (UDT), treatment remains controversial; however surgery is the treatment of choice. Method: 40 children < 2 to 12 years of age clinically evaluated and subjected USG. The patients with palpable tests planned for orchiopexy. Non palpable abdominal tests were planned for diagnostic laparoscopy. During inguinal exploration if cord structures or testicular remnants were found they are removed. Results: 8 (20%0 were < 2 years, 12 (30%) 2-4 years, 12 (30%) 5-9 years, 8 (20%) 10-12 years of age. The levels of UDT was 14 (35%) canalicular, 16 (40%) external ring, 5 (12.5%) internal ring, 5 (12.5%) abdominal. Conclusion: Orchiopexy is the ideal treatment for UDT and laparoscopic treatment is for abdominal testes, but boys with retractile and acquired testes usually don’t need medical or surgical treatment but require close follow up until puberty.
satisfaction of basic psychological needs from the class
Authors: Martínez-Manzanares Nayra , Rojas-Lamorú Ivón , Arteaga-Quijije Nelly Karina , Alcívar-López Yara Inés , Leyva-Rodríguez Dilka
Published: July 2022

The present investigation was carried out at the University of Guantánamo, specifically with the students of the Bachelor of Biology Education, it is aimed at designing educational actions to favor the satisfaction of basic psychological needs. Research methods were used: theoretical, empirical, and mathematical-statistical, which allowed the direction and analysis, in which the need for satisfaction of these was evidenced, since having a motivated subject will increase the performance towards the different tasks that are presented. In day to day. In the diagnosis it was found that the group lacks tools that favor the adequate satisfaction of basic psychological needs. The educational actions that are proposed constitute an alternative solution to the stated problem, as they favor the preparation of the Psychology subject based on the satisfaction of basic psychological needs in students.
Caracterización mecánica del cuero reconstituido a través del ensayo de tracción y fluencia
Authors: Mollehuanca  Caballero Edgard David , Aguilar Franco José Alberto , Perez Montaño Holger Saúl
Published: July 2022

La combinación de diferentes calidades de residuos de cuero con diferentes polímeros y las propiedades mecánicas resultantes son potencialmente importantes en la obtención de nuevos materiales. En este estudio, experimentos combinando residuos de viruta de cuero, resina vinnapas ®400 y agua destilada produjeron un nuevo material compuesto con propiedades mecánicas interesantes. En la elaboración se controló el pH de la viruta de cuero, tamaño de viruta, temperatura de la resina, temperatura de ablandamiento, la presión y el tiempo de presionado ejercido sobre la plancha de cuero reconstituido. Empleando diseño factorial fraccionado se determinó la influencia de las variables independientes seleccionadas: tamaño de la viruta, relación viruta/resina, porcentaje de agua, temperatura de la resina, la presión y el tiempo de presionado sobre las propiedades mecánicas del material compuesto. Los resultados experimentales mostraron que había un efecto principal de la variable relación Viruta/Resina en su valor mínimo sobre el esfuerzo máximo de tracción, llegándose a obtener un valor de 2.657 MPa. Adicionalmente, en el ensayo mecánico de fluencia se encontró que el material compuesto denominado cuero reconstituido muestra un comportamiento viscoelástico, lo que lo asemeja al comportamiento de un cuero curtido.
Influencia de las condiciones de activacion sobre la resistencia a la compresión, microestructura y productos de reacción de cementos de ceniza de bagazo de caña de azúcar
Authors: Espinoza Pérez Lester Javier , Zuniga García Zugania Zelmira
Published: July 2022

Pastas de ceniza de bagazo de caña de azúcar (CBCA) y cemento de aluminato de calcio (CAC) fueron activadas con soluciones de silicato de sodio, variando el contenido de CBCA (80-95 % en peso), la relación SiO2/Na2O (8-14 % en peso respecto al peso de CBCA), y la temperatura de curado (20 y 40 ºC o 100 y 200 ºC). Se obtuvieron resistencias a la compresión a los 28 días entre 5-20 MPa. Los resultados son cercanos a los reportados en la literatura para pastas de CBCA/metacaolin. En general, se observó que la resistencia a la compresión disminuyó con el aumento de la temperatura de curado de 100 a 200 ºC. La ganancia en la resistencia a la compresión se atribuyó a la formación de una matriz densa de productos de reacción amorfa como C-S-H, N-A-S-H, C-A-S-H o gel de sílice. Nuestros resultados enfatizan la posibilidad de utilizar mayores contenidos de ceniza de bagazo de caña de azúcar para obtener cemento activado con álcali con resistencias a la compresión de hasta 20 MPa. Actualmente se está trabajando más para identificar el efecto de algunas variables en la resistencia a la compresión de los materiales compósitos.
Investigatins the impact of using PMIS in resource management on cost of projects as a conceptual model in construction projects
Authors: Mosavi Seyed Karim , Hosseini Azim , Vosoughifar Hamid Reza , Barandoust Rambood , Mohammadi Ghodratollah
Published: July 2022

The Project Management Information System (PMIS) is a powerful tool in project management discussions due to its many benefits. Improper deployment of a PMIS and disregard for its qualitative factors influencing project success will never lead to the achievement of project goals. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of using PMIS on the cost management of construction projects that have used this information system. In this study, the impact of PMIS quality factors such as project quality, level of implementation technology, level of design skills, teamwork coefficient and execution time on project cost management was evaluated. The statistical population is the questionnaire of projects implemented through PMIS in construction projects, based on which 100 questionnaires were distributed among the projects and then collected. In this study, structural equation modeling has been used to investigate the research hypotheses. In this regard, "SPSS" software was used. The results of this study indicate that system quality, information quality and service quality have a positive effect on project success in terms of cost management.