bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CHALLENGES IN EDUCATIONAL ADMINISTRATION IN KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA: A STUDY OF PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SCHOOLS
Authors: Khan Qaisar Khan , Wadood Dr. Abdul , Muhammad Dr.Riaz
Published: February 2025

This study aimed to investigate the administrative challenges faced by public and private schools in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP), Pakistan, focusing on resource allocation, teacher training, governance reforms, policy implementation, and socio-cultural barriers. The objective was to identify differences in administrative practices between the two sectors and assess their impact on school management efficiency and performance. Using a quantitative research design and a stratified random sampling approach, 384 participants, including school administrators, teachers, and students, were selected from both school sectors. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire comprising closed-ended and Likert-scale items. SPSS software was employed to analyze the data, including descriptive statistics, normality tests, and inferential statistics such as t-tests and regression analysis. The findings revealed significant differences between public and private schools. Public schools in rural areas faced greater challenges in resource allocation, bureaucratic delays, and socio-cultural barriers such as gender disparities. Private schools encountered more difficulties with financial sustainability and regulatory compliance. Regression analysis indicated that effective governance reforms and teacher training positively impacted administrative efficiency in both sectors. The study concluded that public schools, in particular, require more resources and support, while both sectors benefit from improved governance, policy implementation, and teacher development programs. Recommendations include enhancing policy execution, prioritizing governance reforms, increasing resources for public schools, and addressing socio-cultural barriers.
Digital Commerce and MSMEs Output in Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Okolo-Obasi Nduka Elda Vitalis , Nwanmuoh Emmanuel Ejiofo , Ifediora Chuka Uzoma , Dike Remigus Amarachi , Ozumba Innocent Uzochukwu , Amuka Ikenna , Onwuama Chinyere Lawrenta
Published: February 2025

In this paper, we assessed the impact of digital commerce on micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in sub-Saharan Africa using evidence from Nigeria.  In a descriptive research design, we adopted both descriptive and inferential statistics to answer the three research questions and test the corresponding hypotheses. Primary data gleaned from a sample of 400 respondents selected across the six geopolitical zones of Nigeria using multiple sampling techniques was used for the study. Results from logit model regression show that digital commerce has made significant impacts on performance, growth and expansion, as well as cost-effectiveness and profitability of MSMEs in Nigeria.  While the study noted that, though litany of challenges still confronts digital commerce in sub-Saharan Africa, we still concluded that any increase in awareness and adoption of digital commercial activities by one unit has an odd ratio of about 10.1, hence, MSMEs output will be 10 times likely improve by the unit increase. To this, we recommended that both government and other relevant stakeholders must partner to ensure that enabling digital environments are created for sustainable digital commerce. This partnership must function well in removing all bottlenecks especially as it concerns infrastructural development, regulations and improved financial inclusion.
Carbon Capture and Molecular Engineering: Transforming Emissions into Sustainable Solutions
Authors: Pasupuleti Murali Krishna
Published: February 2025

Abstract:
As the urgency of climate change accelerates, carbon capture and molecular engineering have emerged as transformative solutions for reversing emissions and achieving climate reversal. This chapter explores the latest advancements in carbon capture technologies, including Direct Air Capture (DAC), post-combustion capture, and bio-based sequestration, which actively remove CO₂ from the atmosphere. Beyond capture, molecular engineering enables the conversion of CO₂ into valuable fuels, chemicals, and materials, promoting a carbon-based circular economy. Advances in AI-driven material discovery, electrochemical CO₂ reduction, enzymatic conversion, and nanocatalysts are accelerating the efficiency and scalability of carbon utilization. Additionally, the integration of carbon sequestration with hydrogen economies, AI-optimized storage, and blockchain-based carbon credit markets is redefining how industries approach sustainable carbon management. Case studies of industries leading the way in CO₂ upcycling, large-scale CCUS deployment, and next-generation carbon mineralization highlight the global transition toward net-negative carbon economies. This chapter provides a comprehensive roadmap for scaling carbon capture, enabling sustainable finance, and leveraging policy frameworks to create a future where emissions are transformed into sustainable solutions rather than environmental liabilities.
Keywords
Carbon capture, molecular engineering, climate reversal, Direct Air Capture, CO₂ sequestration, electrochemical CO₂ reduction, nanocatalysts, AI-driven carbon utilization, hydrogen economy, bio-based sequestration, carbon-negative economy, sustainable finance, CCUS, carbon mineralization, blockchain carbon markets, carbon-neutral fuels, synthetic biology, carbon-based circular economy, green industrialization, net-zero emissions.
Pengaruh Profitabilitas, Risiko Kredit, Dewan Komisaris Independen Terhadap Kepercayaan Investor dengan Ukuran Perusahaan Sebagai Variabel Moderasi pada Bank yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia pada Tahun 2020-2023
Authors: Asyifa Nita Laila
Published: February 2025

This study aims to analyze the effect of profitability, credit risk, and independent board of commissioners on investor confidence, with firm size as a moderating variable, in banking companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the period 2020-2023. The research method used is quantitative, with secondary data sources. The results show that profitability and independent board of commissioners have a significant positive effect on investor confidence, while credit risk does not have a significant effect. Firm size strengthens the influence of profitability on investor confidence but does not moderate the effect of credit risk and independent board of commissioners. Simultaneously, profitability, credit risk, and independent board of commissioners affect investor confidence.
PENGUATAN REGULASI DAN PENEGAKAN HUKUM TERHADAP PEREDARAN KOSMETIK ILEGAL DI INDONESIA DAN SINGAPURA
Authors: Buloto Aprilia Vitaloka , Puluhulawa Fenti U. , Mantali Avelia Rahmah Y.
Published: February 2025

Peredaran kosmetik ilegal menjadi persoalan serius yang berdampak pada kesehatan masyarakat dan integritas pasar, terutama di Indonesia dan Singapura. Masalah ini ditandai dengan tingginya jumlah produk kosmetik yang tidak memenuhi standar keamanan, mutu, dan izin edar yang beredar di kedua negara. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaturan hukum pidana terkait peredaran kosmetik ilegal di Indonesia dan Singapura, serta mengidentifikasi perbedaan sanksi hukum yang diterapkan di masing-masing negara. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode yuridis normatif, dengan pendekatan konseptual dan berbasis peraturan perundang-undangan. Data dikumpulkan melalui studi kepustakaan dengan menganalisis bahan hukum primer seperti undang-undang dan peraturan, serta bahan hukum sekunder berupa literatur dan jurnal ilmiah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa regulasi di Indonesia, meskipun sudah cukup memadai melalui KUHP, UU Kesehatan, dan Peraturan BPOM, masih menghadapi kendala implementasi yang signifikan, termasuk lemahnya pengawasan dan minimnya efek jera pada pelaku. Sebaliknya, Singapura dengan Health Products Act dan Consumer Protection (Fair Trading) Act, menerapkan pengawasan yang lebih terintegrasi serta sanksi yang lebih tegas, menciptakan penurunan kasus kosmetik ilegal secara signifikan. Temuan ini menggarisbawahi pentingnya penguatan pengawasan, penegakan hukum, dan edukasi publik untuk mengatasi peredaran kosmetik ilegal secara efektif di masa mendatang.
Pengetahuan dan Pemberdayaan Remaja dalam Pembentukan Calon Kader Remaja di SMPN 4 Desa Oenlasi Kabupaten Kupang
Authors: Odi L. Namangdjabar  , Tirza Viviandri Isabela Tabelak  , Martina Fenansia Diaz  , Hasri Yulianti
Published: February 2025

Remaja adalah masa yang penuh tantangan, terutama terkait kesehatan fisik dan mental. Pada fase ini, penting bagi remaja untuk mendapatkan akses ke informasi yang benar tentang kesehatan mereka, serta dukungan dari lingkungan, termasuk keluarga dan masyarakat. Posyandu Remaja adalah program yang bertujuan untuk memberikan layanan kesehatan dan pendidikan kesehatan kepada remaja, yang rentan terhadap berbagai masalah kesehatan, seperti anemia, stunting, dan gangguan psikologis. Tujuan dalam kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini untuk membentuk kader remaja dan meningkatkan pengetahuan remaja melalui pelatihan. Metode yang dilakukan adalah pembentukan kader remaja melalui pendekatan dan sosialisasi serta pelatihan dan pelantikan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan remaja yang dilakukan di SMPN 4, Desa Oenlasi, Kabupaten Kupang. Hasil kegiatan ini yaitu dari 28 orang remaja yang mengikuti kegiatan pelatihan (pre test) memiliki pengetahuan kurang sebanyak 64,2% dan setelah pelatihan (post test) remaja yang memiliki pengetahuan baik menjadi 82,1%. Dari pelatihan ini terdapat 10 remaja putra dan putri yang bersedia menjadi kader remaja  dan berkomitmen dalam mendukung program program remaja, salah satunya adalah  kegiatan posyandu remaja yang akan dilakukan dalam setiap bulan di SMPN 4, Desa Oenlasi, Kabupaten Kupang.
Ruang Lingkup Difusi Inovasi Pendidikan
Authors: Chandra Gumilar  , Ahmad Thoriq  , Muhammad Mardiyansah
Published: February 2025

This study discusses the scope of innovation diffusion in education in Indonesia. In essence, education plays a fairly essential role in shaping the quality of human resources that are able to face the challenges of the times. Along with global changes marked by technological developments and economic transformation, demands on the education system continue to increase. The researcher uses a Qualitative Literature Review which is carried out by the researcher reading and observing various written reference sources related to the scope of innovation in education in Indonesia. The results of this study indicate that overall, the process of innovation diffusion in education involves various complex stages and requires support from all parties involved in the education system. Diffusion of educational innovation in general can be concluded as a very complex process and is influenced by various specific factors, both internally and externally in the educational environment.
TR-TRVD: Triple Riders - Traffic Rule Violation Detection using YOLOv8-BBIA for Intelligent Transportation System
Authors: Arshad Mohd , Kumar Pradeep
Published: February 2025

To restraints the rate of fatality due to accident, a powerful and adequate implementation of traffic rules and continuous monitoring is required. Traffic Rule Violation Detection (TRVD) system aims to identify the traffic rule violation – triple riding and ensures that the rule must be followed 24*7 without any human intervention. To detect the traffic rule violation, deep learning based single shot detection algorithm is utilized. YOLO (You Only Look Once) algorithm used for detection of two wheeler and number of persons riding on a motorcycle, the system detect and classify a person is following a traffic rule strictly or not. The suggested method trains a model on a datasets that combines custom images with publicly available datasets. This approach is very effective at accurately detecting traffic rule violations related to triple riding, whether it's a single rider or multiple riders on the bike.Furthermore, to address the issue of class imbalance, data augmentation techniques were utilizedto increase the variation in training data. This strengthen the model's effectiveness in applying to practical scenarios. Different YOLO family algorithm has been utilized for development of detection model. The YOLOv8 model was tested on a total of 80 images and  detection accuracy exhibited an F1 score, precision and mAP@50 of 76.4%, 73.5% and 81.6% respectively for all classes. We manually tested triple riding traffic rule violation using our proposed algorithm and found that the system gives 92.7% of accuracy. These findings highlight the potential of proposed model, thus fostering safer motorcycling practices.
Determinants of Auditor Choice: Evidence from Sharia Commercial Banks in Indonesia
Authors: Filianti Dian , Dias Rui , Rusmita Sylva Alif , Irfan Mohammad , Putri Athifa Hafizha , Galvão Rosa
Published: February 2025

This research aims to determine the impact of corporate governance, firm complexity, foreign ownership, and ownership concentration towards auditor choice for Sharia commercial banks in Indonesia in 2016-2023. Firm size is also accounted for as a control variable. This research was conducted using a quantitative approach using the logit logistic regression analysis method through the Eviews 13 software. The sampling method was carried out using a purposive sampling method, which produced a sample of 9 Sharia commercial banks in Indonesia with a total of 72 observations. This study aims to provide an overview of the factors that Sharia commercial banks in Indonesia consider in choosing their external auditors, namely between Big 4 and non-Big Four auditors, which differ from other companies and industries. The results show that in partial analysis, corporate governance mechanisms and ownership concentration significantly and negatively affect auditor choice. Meanwhile, firm complexity and foreign ownership do not affect auditor choice. Low demands cause the negative influence of ownership concentration due to the private nature of the banks and efforts to achieve efficiency in audit fees while maintaining the same quality standards.
FOMO, Social Validation and Impulse Buying in Live Streaming E-Commerce
Authors: Zhang Xiaochen , Rosli Nadzirah
Published: February 2025

Due to extreme marketing exposure, live streaming and e-commerce are now being merged as a unique marketing platform. Recently, some studies have identified how live streaming has increased consumer impulse purchase behaviour. They found FOMO (Fear of Missing Out) is the primary factor that drives this behaviour. However, despite live streaming being a social media phenomenon, social validation was overlooked by many authors as an organism. This study conducted a primary survey among 467 Chinese participants within an empirical design setting. A structural equation model reveals that, apart from FOMO, social validation is also a significant factor that drives impulse purchase behaviour. Some stimuli, such as visual appeal, price, and product varieties, were also tested. FOMO and social validation were found to mediate these stimuli. Overall, impulse purchase behaviour in live streaming is a combined phenomenon of FOMO and social validation.
Polycellular Human Organisation. For a Transdisciplinary Approach
Authors:   CIRET active member, TD Mediator and Social Auditor International Affairs, Landier Hubert
Published: February 2025

„Hubert Landier is a member of a community whose aim is to reformulate our ways of thinking and acting, and whose ideal is to push back the limits of our human condition. In his quest, our adventurer is flanked by notable and valiant companions such as Basarab Nicolescu, who dreams of human revolution, and Edgar Morin, committed to the path of our metamorphosis. It is precisely this enthusiasm that drives this book. The author’s terrain of choice is the organisation, a microcosm (of varying scope) for which he offers a clinical analysis accessible to all novices. The productivist organisation (company) sanitizes individual and collective potential, extracting nothing more than mechanical energy focused on a single task, at the risk of infantilizing its members, who are reduced to passive executors at the behest of those who make the decisions. What the author reminds us is that, in the organisation, people have a potential available that is independent of the forces mobilized in the function to which they are assigned. It is a breeding ground neglected for its apparent lack of relevance. How can we make the most of this breeding ground, to the benefit of the organisation of course, but also to the benefit of the quality of the commitment and the personal project, a fulfillment that will benefit the organisation in return? How can we imagine a humanist model that reintegrates all human creative capacities – art, feelings, love, spiritual life…?”
Foreword by Alain Depaulis
Sosialisasi Pajak Penghasilan PPh Pasal 21 pada Generasi Muda Karanglo yang Memiliki Usaha di Kabupaten Bantul
Authors: Safna Aulia Putri  , Rochmad Bayu Utomo
Published: February 2025

Young entrepreneurs in Karanglo Hamlet, Bantul, face difficulties in understanding and fulfilling tax obligations related to Income Tax Article 21 (PPh 21). This community service aims to increase their understanding of tax obligations, especially how to calculate Income Tax Article 21, through interactive approaches such as discussions and simulations of tax calculations. The socialization method was carried out for three days, namely on November 1-3, 2024, by involving the young generation who have businesses in the region as the main target. Before the activity, participants showed a low level of understanding of taxation, but after the socialization, there was a significant increase in their ability to understand and calculate Income Tax Article 21. This result emphasizes the importance of tax education to create a young generation that is tax-compliant and supports state revenue.
Exploring Student Teachers’ Experiences about the Efficacy of the B.Ed. Programme in Preparing Teachers to Teach in the 21st Century
Authors: Ahmed Manzoor , Mohammad Razia Fakir
Published: February 2025

This study examined student teachers' experiences about the efficacy of the B.Ed. Program to prepare teachers to teach in the 21st century. The study used census sampling techniques and selected 314 participants through survey questionnaires from various Universities of Makran, Balochistan. Data was analyzed through SPSS, descriptive statistics was used for demographic study, and regression analyses were used for inferential data. Findings revealed that there is a significant relationship between the Efficacy of the B.Ed (4 years) Program, such as the Relevance of the Course, Technology Integration and Clinical Practice (Practicum) and Field Experiences on Teachers' Preparation to teach 21st Century, pedagogical knowledge and skills, Technological competencies, understanding of teaching in the digital era, Understanding of learning and learner. However, the Learning strategies do not have any significant relationship with technological competencies, Understanding Teaching in the Digital Era, Understanding Learning and Learners. However, a significant relationship was shown between Learning strategies and pedagogical knowledge and skills. Moreover, the study suggested that the B. Ed 4-year program should be updated with modern ICT and continue as a professional development program for instructors to train B. Ed students as effective teachers of the 21st century.
Impact of Green Financing on Corporate Reputation and Performance: The Mediating Role of Sustainability Practices
Authors: Nazir Muhammad Waqas , Fahad Muhammad , Ali Muhammad , Zaman Laraib
Published: February 2025

This study investigates the impact of green financing on corporate reputation and financial performance, with the mediating role of sustainability practices in Pakistan. The research focuses on the districts of Lahore, Faisalabad, Sargodha, and Sialkot. Using a quantitative approach, data were collected from 350 respondents across industries such as textiles, energy, and agriculture through structured surveys. Statistical analysis via SPSS 25 and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) revealed that green financing positively influences corporate reputation and financial performance, with sustainability practices amplifying these effects. The findings highlight the importance of integrating green financing and sustainability practices to enhance corporate outcomes, stakeholder satisfaction, and long-term profitability. This study contributes to sustainable business literature and offers actionable insights for organizations and policymakers.
The Permeates of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Language Education: A Thematic Synthesis
Authors: Candilas Kurt
Published: February 2025

This study examined the integration of Artificial Intelligence-powered learning tools in language education in the Philippines using the thematic analysis method outlined by Thomas and Harden. The analysis covers multiple qualitative research studies, systematically identifying, analyzing, and interpreting key themes across the data. The findings revealed four primary themes: perceived usefulness, creativity, daunting challenges, and ethical hurdles. AI tools significantly improved language proficiency among students and educators by offering valuable resources for writing support, fostering creativity, and streamlining administrative tasks. However, challenges related to technological infrastructure, data privacy, and academic integrity were identified, emphasizing the need for responsible AI implementation. Ethical concerns regarding cultural sensitivity and potential academic dishonesty were also highlighted. The study underscores the importance of developing comprehensive policies and training programs to address these challenges while promoting effective AI integration in the classroom. This research contributes to understanding AI’s role in reshaping language education in the Philippine context, emphasizing the need for continuous evaluation and adaptation of educational practices.
Secondary Hypertension in the Libyan population: A Descriptive Analysis of Underlying Causes and Patient Outcomes
Authors: Hajer Elkout  , Reda Ben Fadel
Published: February 2025

Hypertension is the predominant modifiable risk factor for all-cause morbidity and mortality worldwide. Approximately 10% of hypertension patients have secondary causes that can be treated. This study aims to describe the causes, presenting symptoms and clinical outcomes of secondary hypertension patients attending the hypertension clinic at Tripoli University Hospital (TUH). This was a retrospective descriptive analysis of data collected from all adult patients with secondary hypertension followed up at the hypertensive clinic at TUH from 01/01/2020 to 31/12/2024. Secondary hypertension was defined as “elevated blood pressure, which is secondary to an identifiable cause. There were 82 secondary hypertension patients. There were 32 males (39%) and 50 females (60%), with a mean age of 45 years (range: 19–73 years). Secondary hypertension caused by renal disease ranked first and accounted for almost 44% of cases. This is followed by hypothyroidism and obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome rates of approximately 15% and 10%, respectively. Among the 26 patients with endocrine causes, 20 (77%) were women. While 5 (62%) of the 8 obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome patients were men, 44 (53.6%) of the total number of study patients had improved or reversed blood pressure after treatment for the underlying cause. Renal diseases are the most common cause of secondary hypertension. Secondary causes of hypertension are common and, in certain instances, potentially reversible. It is recommended that hypertensive patients be screened for secondary hypertension and that the underlying condition be addressed to mitigate the risk of cardiovascular complications.
The Effect of Play-Based Learning on Phonemic Awareness of Kindergarten in Teacher’s Perspective
Authors: Dobles Elvie B. , Marquez Melinda F.
Published: February 2025

The study aimed to improve play-based learning in schools by addressing the problems that make it hard to use. Finding out what teachers need in terms of professional development based on age, gender, experience, and level of schooling is the first step in making and testing unique training programs. The plan calls for a study of the current play-based learning materials and creation of new materials to fill in any gaps. New guidelines and workshops will also be used to improve how play-based learning is integrated into the curriculum. To help with and keep an eye on the performance, progress will be tracked, and teachers will be given ongoing help. Regular tests will be done on play-based learning; the results will always be used to improve professional growth and support tools. The group has people with different amounts of experience, including some teachers with more experience. But most of the teachers are still new to their jobs. The fact that most respondents are women shows an imbalance between men and women in the group. Some people had been teachers for as little as five years and as long as nine years. A lot of the people who answered were new to the job. The people who answered have had a lot of different kinds of schooling. Many of them have better degrees, like master’s and graduate degrees. With such a range of work and school experience, it’s clear that these teachers have different information and points of view. Most teachers agree that play-based learning exercises are the best way to help kindergarteners become more aware of phonemes. Many teachers agree that these tasks help kids get better at hearing and understanding sounds, like recognizing letter sounds, blending sounds, segmenting sounds, rhyming, and listening. Despite a few minor disagreements, most people agree that play-based learning is an excellent way to help kids learn to read and write. This wide backing means that strategies based on play are seen as practical and helpful for helping young kids learn essential reading and writing skills.
Perspectivas de análisis institucional contemporáneo: enfoques, métodos y experimentos
Authors:   Universidad de Vigo, Caballero Miguez Gonzalo , H. Vázquez Xosé ,   Universidad de Vigo
Published: February 2025

El nuevo institucionalismo abarca diversos enfoques de análisis institucional que proceden de las distintas ciencias sociales. Entre esos enfoques, la nueva economía institucional ha permitido importantes avances del análisis institucional contemporáneo, pero lejos de pretender un único método de análisis, el pluralismo metodológico ha caracterizado el programa de trabajo de este nuevo institucionalismo económico. Los estudios de caso, el análisis comparativo, las aplicaciones econométricas o el análisis experimental han permitido el éxito empírico de la nueva economía institucional. En el panorama que ofrece este artículo sobre el pluralismo de enfoques y métodos del análisis institucional también se presenta la propuesta de las Narrativas Analíticas y el Análisis Histórico e Institucional Comparativo.
La globalización y los modelos de crecimiento de los grupos cooperativos. Las cooperativas agroalimentarias en España y la Unión Europea
Authors:   Universitat Politècnica de Valencia, Juliá Juan F. , García Gabriel ,   Universitat Politècnica de Valencia, Meliá Elena ,   Universitat Politècnica de Valencia
Published: February 2025

Este trabajo analiza la evolución y el estado actual de las cooperativas agroalimentarias en la Unión Europea, donde la necesidad de concentración empresarial ha sido abordada con éxito. Se persiguen los siguientes objetivos específicos: a) identificar los principales obstáculos y problemas a los que se enfrentan este tipo de cooperativas; b) mostrar las estrategias desarrolladas por las cooperativas líderes en su sector en el actual contexto competitivo; y c) conocer los diferentes modelos de crecimiento para conseguir y mantener su posición en el mercado. Para ello, se han identificado siete casos de estudio: grupo Kerry, Irlanda Dairy Board, Arla Foods, la BV Verde, Danish Crown, Agrifirm y DLG; los resultados específicos de las entrevistas con los directivos de las cooperativas han sido analizados y organizados en tres bloques: marco legal e institucional, la visión estratégica y los modelos de negocio de crecimiento.
¿Qué democracia y qué Administración para la nueva época? Internet y la gestión pública
Authors:   IGOP/UAB, Subirats Joan
Published: February 2025

En este artículo se plantean cuestiones relacionadas con los efectos que el cambio de época que estamos atravesando, genera en el funcionamiento de los sistemas democráticos y en las formas de funcionar de las administraciones públicas. Se sostiene que la generalización de Internet ha modificado y modificará mucho más los procesos de policy making a los que estábamos acostumbrados, ya que produce grandes efectos en los procesos de intermediación que no aportan valor, y rompe esquemas más o menos asentados de negociación y configuración de políticas. Cada vez más la política y las políticas no es exclusivo de las instituciones, y ello obliga a ir más allá del debate histórico contemporáneo entre mercado y Estado. En ese contexto se exploran caminos para reforzar la transparencia y la participación ciudadana en el funcionamiento de las instituciones políticas y administrativas.
Orientaciones para la innovación en el diseño de partenariados público-privados
Authors:   Durham University Business School, Metcalfe Les
Published: February 2025

La puesta en práctica de políticas públicas exige por lo general un esfuerzo por rentabilizar la combinación entre objetivos públicos e iniciativa privada que no resulta nada fácil. Este artículo esboza un método denominado Análisis Poder-Rol, llamada así porque desarrolla un sistema para el diseño de partenariados o asociaciones público-privados en tanto que estructuras de poder incrustadas en relaciones complementarias entre organizaciones. Utiliza relaciones lógicas entre conceptos paralelos de poder y rol para definir cuatro formas elementales de asociación, que proporcionan la base para diseñar una gran variedad de partenariados y para especificar las capacidades de gestión necesarias para que funcionen de manera efectiva. Se superan, por tanto, las limitaciones de la habitual estrategia de imitación consistente en elegir un diseño de asociación entre una variedad de modelos existentes, permitiendo a los profesionales innovar y diseñar formas de asociación que satisfagan las necesidades que ellos mismos establezcan.
Estrategias de reforma en la administración pública: el caso de la CORAME en el País Vasco
Authors:   Economista, Unzurrunzaga Ernesto
Published: February 2025

Transcurrido tan solo un decenio desde la formación del primer Gobierno Vasco de la democracia ya empezaron a surgir voces a favor de la reforma de la Administración pública. Desde entonces en todos los programas de las legislaturas posteriores se ha dedicado un capítulo a la modernización de la administración, lo que ha dado origen a distintos planes de reforma. El más relevante de todos ellos es el Informe de la CORAME (Comisión para la Racionalización y Mejora de la Administración Pública), de junio de 1994, que exponía «47 medidas para renovar la estructura organizativa del Gobierno y la Administración del País Vasco ». El artículo analiza exhaustivamente ese plan y realiza un balance de su proceso de implantación y de la estrategia utilizada, poniendo de relieve las razones por las que aún hoy aquellas medidas constituyen una agenda de reforma pendiente. Ese esclarecimiento de las dificultades experimentadas y de sus causas aporta importantes enseñanzas de cara a futuros intentos de reforma.
Innovación y caos determinista: un modelo predictivo para Europa
Authors:   UNED, Plaza Llorente Jesús Manuel
Published: February 2025

En este artículo se aborda el estudio de la innovación como producto resultante de conceptualizar la economía como un sistema caótico determinista, con arreglo a las características de aperiodicidad, predecibilidad y dependencia sensible a las condiciones iniciales. A partir de la serie 1990-2010 del Índice de Desarrollo Humano (IDH) del PNUD se ha modelizado el comportamiento del nivel de desarrollo de las economías de EU-27, en la hipótesis de que tal nivel posee capacidad explicativa sobre su posición innovadora en 2010, representada por el Índice de Innovación de la Unión (Innovation Union Scoreboard-IUS). De forma significativa se ha contrastado la posición innovadora del Reino Unido y Alemania como economías prototipo de modelos estilizados de innovación, como muestra de las posibilidades que ofrecen las leyes del caos determinista para reinterpretar estos fenómenos.
Designing public-private partnerships: a practitioner's guide to innovation
Authors:   Durham University Business School, Metcalfe Les
Published: February 2025

The implementation of public sector policies usually requires an effort to profitably combine public-sector objectives and private-sector initiatives that is by no means easy. This paper outlines a method known as Power-Role Analysis, so-called because it develops a system for the design of public/private partnerships as power structures that fit into complementary relationships between organisations. It uses logical relationships between parallel concepts of power and role to establish four basic forms of association that provide a platform for the design of a wide variety of partnerships and for specifying the management capabilities required for them to work effectively. This overcomes the limitations of the usual strategy of imitation, which consists of choosing the design for a partnership from a variety of existing forms, and enables specialists to innovate and design forms of partnership that meet the needs that they themselves establish.
Descentralización de los sistemas sanitarios europeos: ¿Entre la innovación y la eficiencia?
Authors:   London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE), Costa i Font Joan
Published: February 2025

La sanidad es una de las principales políticas públicas en el ámbito europeo cuya gestión se ha descentralizado a niveles subestatales. No obstante, dadas las complejidades de la financiación sanitaria, hay que resaltar las enormes limitaciones que acompañan a la investigación económica sobre los efectos de la descentralización sanitaria, en particular, sobre desequilibrios verticales y horizontales. El presente artículo intenta ofrecer una perspectiva e interpretación de la copiosa literatura en esta área. Los estudios sobre los que se basa el articulo apuntan a la existencia de un dividendo asociado a la descentralización sanitaria, y en especial mejoras en la innovación de programas específicos y, en menor medida, mejoras de equidad y eficiencia a largo plazo. No obstante, en la mayoría de los sistemas sanitarios descentralizados persisten problemas de diseño, especialmente algunos desequilibrios verticales que dan lugar a los llamados «déficit sanitarios», cuando las restricciones presupuestarias subcentrales son percibidas como débiles. Sensu contrario, la experiencia descentralizadora parece indicar un efecto reductor que disminuye los desequilibrios fiscales horizontales.
Realidad y retos de la protección social en Euskadi
Authors:   Universidad del País Vasco, de la Cal Mª Luz
Published: February 2025

En este artículo se estudia la dimensión, cobertura, intensidad y riesgos sociales cubiertos por el sistema de protección social en Euskadi, así como sus fuentes de financiación. Se analiza la evolución en el periodo 1995-2008 y se compara con el de los países de la Unión Europea. Para terminar, se señalarán los retos a los que se enfrentan actualmente los sistemas de protección social en general y, en concreto, el de Euskadi: envejecimiento poblacional, crecimiento de la inmigración e incremento de los colectivos en riesgo de exclusión social y los cambios en el mercado de trabajo y en los modelos de convivencia, teniendo en cuenta, además, las tensiones presupuestarias derivadas de la recesión económica que se inició en 2008.
Patrones de gasto de las comunidades autónomas y su evolución durante la crisis (2007-2010): Especial referencia a Euskadi y Navarra
Authors:   Universidad del País Vasco, Ferrero Rodríguez Ana M. , Alonso Sanz Ixone ,   Universidad del País Vasco
Published: February 2025

El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar los cambios experimentados en los patrones de gasto entre los años 2007 y 2010, estableciendo una comparación con la Comunidad Foral Navarra y el resto de comunidades de régimen común. Se utilizan las técnicas estadísticas factoriales, lo que va a permitir alcanzar un conjunto de objetivos: 1) identificar tanto la diversidad de pautas presupuestarias de gasto autonómico como posibles patrones comunes; 2) determinar los cambios experimentados en dichos patrones de gasto como consecuencia de la crisis económica surgida en 2008; 3) segmentar el conjunto de CCAA en subgrupos atendiendo a sus políticas de gasto y 4) comparar las políticas de gasto de las comunidades forales entre sí, así como entre éstas y el resto de comunidades autónomas de régimen común; Para la consecución de estos objetivos, se han analizado los presupuestos de 2007 al ser los últimos con un superávit presupuestario, resultado de la última fase de expansión, y los de 2010 que han estado marcados por el signo de la recesión económica.
Hubungan Konsumsi Alkohol denga Risiko Obesitas pada Remaja Usia 13--17 Tahun
Authors: Andreina Zsandrina Ashriza EL Yusvaa , Dyanindah Ariananda Putri  , Winona Maritza  , Gabriella Eunike
Published: February 2025

Obesitas merupakan faktor risiko bagi berbagai penyakit menular yang terus meningkat, termasuk pada kelompok remaja. Salah satu faktor risiko obesitas adalah konsumsi alkohol yang mengandung kalori dan gula tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis hubungan antara konsumsi alkohol dan risiko obesitas pada remaja usia 13–17 tahun, menggunakan data Global School-Based Student Health Survey (GSHS) 2015 dengan desain studi cross-sectional. Penelitian ini melibatkan 8.294 remaja yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Hasil analisis deskriptif menunjukkan mayoritas responden berusia 13 tahun (27,5%), sementara usia 17 tahun merupakan kelompok terkecil (8,9%). Sebagian besar responden (94,9%) tidak mengonsumsi alkohol dalam 30 hari terakhir, dan prevalensi obesitas mencapai 4,1%, dengan laki-laki memiliki proporsi lebih tinggi (5%) dibandingkan perempuan (3,3%). Proporsi peminum ringan hingga berat lebih tinggi pada laki-laki. Sebanyak 324 responden non-drinker mengalami obesitas, dibandingkan 11 responden pada kategori light-to-moderate drinker dan 2 responden pada heavy drinker. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak ada hubungan signifikan antara konsumsi alkohol, usia, dan jenis kelamin dengan obesitas pada remaja. Namun, ditemukan hubungan signifikan antara perilaku merokok dan jenis kelamin dengan obesitas pada remaja. Penelitian ini memberikan wawasan penting mengenai peran faktor perilaku hidup sehat sebagai salah satu faktor risiko obesitas pada remaja dan menekankan pentingnya upaya pencegahan obesitas sejak dini.
Identifikasi Bahaya Dan Penilaian Risiko K3 Pada Aktivitas Penjahit Rumahan Di Kelurahan Warungboto, Kecamatan Umbulharjo, Kota Yogyakarta
Authors: Pratama Wiki , Delima Sekar Putri
Published: February 2025

Latar Belakang : Kecelakaan kerja dialami pada perkembangan industri salah satunya yaitu industri informal. Industri informal di Indonesia sangat banyak salah satunya penjahit rumahan, pekerjaan tersebut harus dilakukan secara manual yang memerlukan tenaga fisik yang sangat besar, sehingga aktivitas kerja dalam penjahit rumahan terdapat bahaya yang dapat berisiko pada manusia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk  menganalisis bahaya dan risiko K3 pada aktivitas penjahit rumahan di Kelurahan Warungboto, Kecamatan Umbulharjo, Kota Yogyakarta. Metode : Penelitian ini menggunakan kualitatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi. Teknik yang digunakan untuk menentukan subyek wawancara pada penelitian ini yaitu 5 orang penjahit rumahan sebagian informan utama dan 5 orang terdekat yaitu keluarga yang tinggal satu rumah dengan penjahit sebagai informan pendukung, penentuan subyek menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Selain itu pada penelitian ini menggunakan 2 triangulasi yaitu triangulasi sumber dan metode. Hasil : Berdasarkan hasil dari penilaian risiko pada pembuatan pakaian pada penjahit rumahan di Kelurahan Warungboto yaitu terdapat satu high risk, sedangkan terdapat tujuh aktivitas moderate risk, dan terdapat dua aktivitas dengan low risk. Kesimpulan : Bahaya yang di timbulkan dari aktivitas penjahit rumahan yaitu ergonomi, mekanik, psikologi, kimia, dan bahaya fisika, sumber bahaya tersebut dapat menyebabkan pegal pada kaki dan pinggang, nyeri punggung, tangan terluka, pusing pada kepala, gangguan pernapasan, tertusuk jarum, kesemutan.
Hubungan Antara Shift Kerja, Kualitas Tidur Dan Durasi Kerja Terhadap Kelelahan Kerja Pada Perawat Di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Muhammad Sani Kabupaten Karimun
Authors: Yulia Annisya , Yunashastuti Radha
Published: February 2025

Latar Belakang: Kelelahan adalah penurunan kondisi yang memiliki pengaruh terhadap faktor seperti penurunan aktivitas fisik dan mental, perasaan lelah bekerja dan menurunnya motivasi kerja. Hasil studi pendahuluan perawat mengatakan shift pagi, sore, maupun malam merasakan lelah akibat banyaknya pasien dan kurangnya tenaga kesehatan mengakibatkan kualitas tidur terganggu saat berjaga dan durasi kerja bertambah akibat kurangnya tenaga kesehatan dan waktu tertentu harus menggantikan rekan kerja yang berhalangan hadir. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui hubungan antara shift kerja, kualitas tidur dan durasi kerja terhadap kelelahan kerja pada perawat di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Muhammad Sani Kabupaten Karimun. Metode Penelitian: Jenis penelitian adalah kuantitatif observasional analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan simple random sampling. Populasi dan sampel perawat dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 57 orang Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan kuesioner IFRC dan PSQI dengan menggunakan uji Chi square. Hasil: Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dengan 57 responden, hasil menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara shift kerja dengan kelelahan kerja pada perawat di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Muahmmad Sani dengan p value 0.020 <0.05. Kemudian, terdapat hubungan antara kualitas tidur terhadap kelelahan kerja pada perawat di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Muhammad Sani dengan p value 0.015 < 0.05. Dan terdapat hubungan antara durasi kerja terhadap kelelahan kerja pada perawat di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Muhammad Sani Kabupaten Karimun dengan p value 0.049 < 0.05. Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan antara shift kerja, kualitas tidur dan durasi kerja terhadap perawat di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Muhammad Sani Kabupaten Karimun.
Descriptive analysis of risk factors for preterm infants with birth weight
Authors: Ouanouche El Hassan , Rahmouni Safae , Skalli Houssaini Khadija , Stati Soukaina , Oukachou Driss , Hmami Fouzia
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Prematurity is defined as a birth occurring before the 37th week of amenorrhea, calculated from the 1st day of the last menstrual period and/or an ultrasound scan performed during the first trimester of pregnancy. Premature birth continues to be the world's leading cause of infant and child mortality, sensorimotor disability, and neurodevelopmental difficulties. Objective: Our work aims to describe the incidence and risk factors of prematurity and compare our results with those of other studies.
Materials and methods: This is a cross-sectional, retrospective, descriptive study conducted over two years, from June 1, 2021, to June 30, 2023, at the neonatology and neonatal intensive care unit of CHU HASSAN II in Fez. Statistical analyses were performed using the JAMOVI software. Qualitative variables were expressed as frequencies and percentages, while quantitative variables were presented as means with standard deviations (SD) or medians with interquartile ranges (IQR).
Results: The neonatology and neonatal resuscitation department welcomed 241 premature newborns with a birth weight ≤ 1500g, representing 8.80% of all hospitalizations in the department. 127 (53%) were female, and 114 (47%) male. The mean gestational age was 30.6 ± 2.4 weeks of amenorrhea. 71% of newborns (170) were born spontaneously preterm, and 29% (71) induced preterm. Factors associated with prematurity were mainly the threat of preterm delivery (36%), lack of medical follow-up of pregnancy (21%), gravidic hypertension in 18.67%, and gestational diabetes in 5.80% of cases.
Conclusion: This study determined the frequency of premature delivery and identified certain risk factors, some of which are already targeted by the national perinatal program. The results of our study are intended to sound the alarm about the need to implement a management plan to improve the monitoring and management of premature pregnancies and births at all levels of care.
Clinical and epidemiological profiles of newborns from twin pregnancies in Hassan II University Hospital of Fez, Morocco
Authors: Rahmouni Safae , Skalli Houssaini Khadija , Ouanouche El Hassan , Stati Soukaina , Oukachou Driss , Hmami Fouzia
Published: February 2025

Twin pregnancies are high-risk pregnancies, and delivery of twins poses variable difficulties due to the complexity of obstetrical mechanics and the frequency of dystocic presentations. Twin births represent a real public health issue and are responsible for a high rate of perinatal mortality. This study aims to report on newborns' epidemiological, clinical, therapeutic, and evolutionary aspects from twin pregnancies hospitalized in the Neonatal Intensive Care and Neonatology Department of the Hassan II University Hospital, Fez. A cross-sectional, retrospective, and descriptive study was conducted on newborns from twin pregnancies hospitalized in the neonatal and neonatal intensive care unit over two and a half years. Statistical analyses were performed using the JAMOVI software. Qualitative variables were expressed as frequencies and percentages, while quantitative variables were presented as means with standard deviations (SD) or medians with interquartile ranges (IQR). A total of 96 newborns from twin pregnancies were collected. The average maternal age was 29.7 years. Maternal complications during pregnancy were dominated by the threat of premature delivery (38.77%), premature rupture of membranes 5.49%), and urinary and cervicovaginal infectious complications (12.24%).89.8% of deliveries were medicalized, with vaginal delivery being the most common (69.39%).91.67% of newborns were premature, thus dominating neonatal morbidity. The average weight was 1585g +/- 425g.76.04% of newborns presented with neonatal respiratory distress, the most frequent etiology of which was hyaline membrane disease. These neonates presented other complications: neonatal jaundice (62.5%), perinatal anoxo-ischemia (6.25%), and transfusion-transfusion syndrome (6.25%). The neonatal mortality rate was 31.25%, with the leading cause being severe neonatal infection (56.67%). The prevalence of twin pregnancies is on the rise, with a high prevalence of prematurity among newborns, requiring special attention to limit complications.