bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Phacoemulsification on Sub Foveal Choroidal and Central Macular Thickness as measured by Swept Source Optical Coherence Tomography
Authors: Javeria Ahmed Qureshi  , Ahsan Mukhtar  , Mehboob Mohammad Asim , Asfandyar Khan
Published: May 2023

Objectives: To study the effect of Phacoemulsification on Sub Foveal Choroidal Thickness (SFCT) and Central Macular Thickness (CMT) as measured by Swept Source Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT).

Methods: This experimental study was conducted at Armed Forces Institute of Ophthalmology (AFIO), Rawalpindi from April 2021 to February 2022. One hundred eyes of 100 patients with age related cataract underwent uneventful phacoemulsification surgery. Pre-operative SFCT and CMT was measured and compared with SFCT and CMT at one week, one month and three months after surgery using swept source OCT.

Results: Mean age of study population was 56.76±8.31 years. Out of 100 patients, 46 (46%) were males and 54 (54%) were females. Mean pre-operative CMT, one week, one month and three months post-operative CMT was 233.95±9.46 µm, 232.88±8.59 µm, 230.38±10.62 µm and 230.67±7.55 µm respectively. Mean pre-operative SFCT, one week, one month and three months post-operative SFCT was 337.14±8.41 µm, 339.14±9.63 µm, 339.39±11.96 µm and 351.39±9.19 µm respectively. The difference of mean change in CMT from baseline at one week, one month and three months post-operatively was not statistically significant. The difference of mean change in SFCT from baseline at one week and one month post-operatively was not statistically significant. However, the difference of mean change in SFCT from baseline at three months post-operatively was statistically significant (p<0.05).

Conclusion: Uneventful phacoemulsification surgery does not have any effect on central macular thickness, however there is a significant increase in subfoveal choroidal thickness at three months after surgery.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.4.6322

How to cite this: Ahmed J, Mukhtar A, Mehboob MA, Khan A. Effect of Phacoemulsification on Sub Foveal Choroidal and Central Macular Thickness as measured by Swept Source Optical Coherence Tomography. Pak J Med Sci. 2023;39(4):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.4.6322

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
The Essence, Current Trends and Prospects for the Development of Self-Employment
Authors: Hamathanova M.
Published: May 2023

The article discusses the issues of determining the essence of the category «self-employed», examines the foreign experience of recognizing self-employment. Special attention in the framework of the study is paid to the consideration of the peculiarities of state regulation of self-employment in Russia, as well as the development of ways to increase the effectiveness of the participation of the self-employed population in the country's economy.
Innovative Activities As a Factor of Economic Growth of the Region (by the Example of the Central Federal District)
Authors: Hromov I.
Published: May 2023

This article discusses the modern paradigm of economic development based on the innovation component at the regional level of the Russian Federation. The current features of the innovative development of the regions of the Central Federal District are analyzed. A correlation analysis of the level of dependence of the economic growth of the regions on the key indicators of innovative activity has been carried out. The final conclusions on the topic of the study regarding the peculiarities of the impact of innovation on economic growth in the regions of the Russian Federation are formulated.
Improving the Mechanism for Managing the Development of Innovations in an Industrial Enterprise
Authors: Nikolenko T.
Published: May 2023

The research topic is relevant due to the fact that the innovative activity of economic entities has a significant impact on the development of the state, its economy, science, industry and society. In addition, having a high innovative potential, the organization ensures its independence, financial stability and well-being. The article considers the organization and analysis of innovation activity on the example of a specific enterprise. The system of evaluation of the implementation of the innovative development program is considered, its disadvantages are identified in the form of the lack of interrelations between the target criteria and the efficiency of the enterprise as a whole. Recommendations for improving the mechanism of innovation management in terms of assessing innovation activity are proposed. Changing the organizational structure with the allocation of a special unit to manage the implementation of the innovation program will allow coordinating the actions of employees and ensuring effective interaction to achieve a common goal. The updated system of indicators of innovation activity demonstrates the impact of the results of the implementation of innovative projects on various spheres of activity of the enterprise.
On Macroeconomic Factors of Economic Efficiency of Enterprises and Organizations
Authors: Basovskaya Elena , Basovskiy Leonid
Published: May 2023

The purpose of the work was to assess the impact of macroeconomic factors on the efficiency of enterprises and organizations in modern Russia. To assess the impact of economic growth rates, inflation, instability of economic growth on the efficiency of activities, which was estimated by the profitability of assets of enterprises and organizations, linear regression models were built using Rosstat data for the past decades. The obtained modeling results showed that the economic efficiency of enterprises and organizations in modern Russia is significantly positively affected by the rate of economic growth and the level of inflation. The instability of economic growth has a negative, but little impact on the economic efficiency of enterprises and organizations. Taking into account the average inflation rate of 10%, the positive impact of inflation on the efficiency of enterprises and organizations requires additional research, since well-known studies have shown that inflation has a positive impact on economic development, the level of which does not exceed 3–4%.
Features of the economy of the Sultanate of Oman 1970 - 2020
Authors: ALMARHOON ALTAF
Published: May 2023

The article presents the features of the development of the Omani economy during five decades (1970 to 2020). And how the Sultanate of Oman witnessed a remarkable economic development, but the economic crises that faced the Omani economy proved the depth of the link between the growth achieved in the gross domestic product and the growth of oil activities, which called on the government recently to take new financial policies aimed at stimulating non-oil economic growth.
Artificial intelligent systems as drivers of economic development in the new technological order
Authors: Levchaev Petr
Published: May 2023

In the context of the intensification of digitalization processes and the use of artificial intelligence capabilities in the modern life of service consumers and various user groups, there is an active development of digital technologies that cause possible synergetic changes in the future. Digitalization of all spheres of the modern economic system is accompanied by the active introduction of innovative developments into the business environment and the financial system. The ongoing changes affect the business models used, transforming the existing traditional economic structure. The article examines the issues of using artificial intelligence in the business-financial environment of the modern economic order.
Game Simulation of the Choice of Strategy for the Development of the System of Points of Delivery of Orders of Internet Stores
Authors: Vlasov D. , Sinchukov Aleksandr
Published: May 2023

The article focuses on the problem of choosing the optimal strategy for the development of the system of Internet order pick–up points in the context of the dynamics of solvent demand and competition of Internet stores for the market of consumer goods. A game model of the situation of choosing a strategy for the development of a system of base-level delivery points is constructed, which allows quantifying the usefulness of each of the strategies in accordance with the possible values of the number of orders and the value of the average check. From a mathematical point of view, the constructed game model belongs to the class of games with a generalized player «Nature». A study of the game model of choosing a strategy for the development of the system of order pick-up points of Internet stores based on the use of several criteria used in information situations of complete uncertainty. The obtained results of game modeling have received a meaningful interpretation in terms of the economic situation under consideration. From a methodological point of view, the constructed game model can be used as a new component of the content of applied mathematical training of a graduate of the University of Economics.
Unveiling the power of diet and lifestyle in managing Crohn’s disease
Authors: Bialic Artur , Bialic Kinga , Bakalarczyk Rafał , Majewski Paweł , Bednarz Lucjan , Szala-Czerwonka Karolina , Woś Natalia , Rejmer Adrian , Rojek Katarzyna , Wijas Karolina
Published: May 2023

Introduction:

Crohn's disease (CD) is an inflammatory bowel disease that can affect any part of the digestive tract. Onset, progression, complications and treatment are influenced by many genetic, environmental and dietary factors. Dietary management is very useful in a variety of gastrointestinal diseases, including CD. Some nutrients have been studied in animal models to exacerbate the disease, while others have strong scientific evidence from large studies in human populations, allowing conclusions to be drawn about their impact on the disease. Dietary management is now a well-established and important part of treatment, in addition to the use of systemic corticosteroids, aminosalicylates, immunomodulators (e.g. azathioprine, 6-mercaptopurine, cyclosporine, tacrolimus) or biologic therapies.

State of knowledge:

To test the associations between the intake of specific macronutrients and the course of CD, we searched the PubMed database focusing on articles about the effects of consumed food components and stimulants on the onset and progression of CD.

Conclusion:

Nutritional treatment plays an important role in the management of CD. An appropriate diet can make a significant contribution to reducing inflammation and attenuating the course and exacerbations of the disease. The intake of proteins, fats, carbohydrates, fiber and certain food additives has been shown in studies to influence the onset and course of CD.
Impact of Fertilizer and Pesticide use on the Productivity of Seven Major Crop in the Kaliyaganj C D Block of Uttar Dinajpur District, West Bengal, India
Authors: Sarkar Pankaj
Published: May 2023

The crops were cultivated in three distinct seasons of the Kaliyaganj C.D. Block in West Bengal. Present study was conducted on seven major crops (aman rice, boro rice, jute, maize, wheat, mustard and lentil) of the study area. The study was conducted during 2019 to 2020 cropping seasons. The objectives were to find out the impact of chemical fertilizer, organic fertilizer and pesticide use on yield and productivity of these crops. The correlation and regression analysis were used to access the impact of three intermediate inputs (chemical fertilizer, organic fertilizer and pesticide) on the crop productivity. Student ‘t’ test was used for testing the significance of the correlation. The study was also undertaken to work out the relative economics of the crops by analyzing the input and output costs. For this above purpose, the input and output data were collected from 120 sample plots (within 18 villages) of the study area. After all, the results suggested a clear role of fertilizer and pesticide use on the crop productivity and showed the impact of pest attack on the crops.
Antifungal Assay of some Novel Chalcone Derivatives
Authors: Bhade M. W.
Published: May 2023

Numerous heterocyclic compounds demonstrated a wide range of biological activities, including pesticidal, fungicidal, insecticidal, antioxidant, and analgesic properties. The majority of heterocycles have outstanding antitubercular, anticancer, and antimicrobial properties. These actions were documented by the researchers in both in-vitro and in-vivo settings. So we undertake the antifungal assay of synthesized compounds against some pathogens viz Candida albicans, Trichophyton rubrum, Aspergillus niger, and Trichophyton mentagoforum which are mainly responsible for the diseases
in ornamental plants.
Phenotypic and Pathogenic Variability in Fusarium Wilt Pathogen Isolated from Bundelkhand Region.
Authors: Richa Richa , Saxena R. K. , Srivastava M. K. , Singh H. V.
Published: May 2023

Fusarium wilt is one of the most severe disease of chickpea crop caused by Fusarium Oxysporum f. sp ciceri (FOC). Which is a soil born pathogen and can stay for prolonged period in soil even in absence of favourable conditions. Moreover many research reports have been observed showing a great variation in Fusarium pathogenicity among pathogen isolates from chickpea rhizosphere. Because of which identification of pathogenic and non-pathogenic strains of wilt pathogen has been a big challenge so far and, has been difficult in development and selection of resistant variety for fusarium wilt management strategies. The possible solution is to study phenotypic and pathogenic variability
in the Fusarium pathogen. Therefore, in the current research FOC isolates, isolated from two districts of Bundelkhand region and studied their phenotypic and pathogenic variability. Colony characteristics of Fusarium wilt pathogen such as shape, margin, texture etc. were observed for FOC identification.
To study the phenotypic and pathogenic variability, FOC isolates were categorised based on the culture pigmentation and further tested their pathogenicity. Pigmentation of FOC isolates have a wide range includes cottony white, white with ting of orange and white with violet and pale-yellow pigmentation. Macro and microconidia with resting spores (Chlamydospores) were also observed. Pathogenic variability of FOC isolates was measured by pathogenicity test on JG-62 cultivar. Total seventeen FOC isolates were studied, Out of which five FOC isolates were found highly pathogenic, whereas only one isolate was found weakly pathogenic, rest FOC isolates were moderately pathogenic. Hence our results confirmed that all the isolates of Fusarium Oxysporum f. sp. ciceri have reported great variation in their both phenotypic as well as pathogenic variability, and the results are steppingstone for further building research in breeding and management strategies of fusarium wilt.
Isolation and Biochemical Identification of N2 Fixing Bacteria (Azospirillium Sp.) From Saurashtra Region
Authors: Rabara Sarvangi , Vishwakarma Nutan Prakash , Patel Shivani
Published: May 2023

Azospirillium species are widely used as Biofertilizer to increase crop yield and are free-living nitrogen-fixing bacteria, one of the best-studied plant growth-promoting Rhizobacteria. It is commonly found along with the roots of many different plant species. The present study included the isolation of Azospirillium species from roots and soils in Rhizospheric regions. 50 isolates were isolated from fields in different districts of Saurashtra region in Gujarat against NFB Medium. Significant isolates were isolated from the root surface and root internal tissues. These 50 were morphologically identified and biochemically characterized isolates included the techniques documented in Bergey's Textbook of Identified Bacteria 9th edition (TSI- Triple Sugar Iron, GPB- Glucose Phosphate Broth, MR- Methyl Red VP- Voges Proskauer, TRP-Tryptophan, PNB- Peptone Nitrate Broth, Carbohydrate) out of which fifteen isolates were biochemically positive and were also capable of producing IAA (Indole Acetic Acid), and were also capable of producing IAA.
Dissipation Kinetics of Imidacloprid and Thiamethoxam in a Sweet Lime Orchard Soil Near Pulivendula using Ultra-Hplc Coupled with a Photodiode Array Detector (PDA)
Authors: Ramadevi R. , Ramachandraiah C. , Reddy G.V. Subba
Published: May 2023

Imidaclopride (IMI) and Thiamethoxam (THI) were the neonicotinoids that were most frequently used in Andhra Pradesh in sweet lime orchards to control Helicoverpa armigera and Marucavitrata. Despite the frequent use of these insecticides, little is known about their behaviour and interaction in the soils of sweet lime orchards. The main objective of this study is to estimate the degradation of IMI and THI in soils from sweet lime orchards collected in and around Pulivendula, near Kadapa, using established kinetic models. A new, rapid, sensitive, precise, and validated "Ultra High Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled with a Photodiode Array Detector" (UHPLC-PDA) is developed for the quantification of IMI and THI individually in agricultural soil samples by the QuEChERS extraction technique. The IMI and THI were sprayed on the sweet lime trees at a rate of 2 ml/l and 1.5 ml/l respectively. Soil samples were collected for analysis at 0 (within 1 hour), 1, 3, 5, and 10days time intervals after spraying on soil soils. Quantification was carried out utilizing a 40:60 (v/v) methanol/water mobile phase and a validated reverse-phase HPLC with a "PDA" detector at 272nm wavelength. Within the measured range of 0.05 to 1 ppm concentration, the calibration graphs of IMI and THI in methanol solvent were linear with an index of correlation greater than 0.996. Sprayed soil recovery ranges from 95% to 110% respectively, in respect of IMI and THI. The dissipation kinetics of IMI and THI was studied in logarithmic first-order kinetic models, for which the R2 was 0.948 and 0.997 respectively. The IMI residues were 1.91, 0.45, 0.31,
Optimal Antenna Pattern Design for the Instantaneous MIMO Channel
Authors: Zhang Cuicui , Wang Shuo , Zhang Ming , Liu Xiaobo , Zhang Anxue
Published: May 2023

Due to the rapid attenuation of the millimeter wave, it is necessary to use very large-scale antenna arrays in millimeter wave communications to get ultra-high directivity which improves the transmission distance and the signal-to-noise ratio. Considering the cost of large-scale RF links, analog beamforming plays an important role in large-scale MIMO communications. This paper discusses the calculation method of the antenna pattern that best matches the instantaneous MIMO channel in analog beamforming. By giving piecewise modeling on the antenna pattern, singular value decomposition and the water-filling algorithm are used to obtain the antenna pattern and the power distribution among antennas. The optimal antenna pattern can provide the target pattern for antenna synthesis to get the maximum capacity. The simulation results show that the method is effective.
Wideband Single-Fed Circularly Polarized Stacked Patch Antenna With L-Shaped Stub
Authors: Li Wen , Xue Wei , Li Yingsong , Xiong Xiang , Chung Kwok L. , Huang Zhixiang
Published: May 2023

A wideband single-fed circularly polarized (CP) stacked patch antenna with an L-shaped stub is presented. The CP antenna is made up of the bottom gradient microstrip transmission line, middle driven patch and top square radiation patch. The driven patch with an L-shaped stub and opening slot can achieve a wideband CP radiation which is different from a conventional patch. The presented CP stacked patch antenna maintains good directional radiation, while featuring wideband CP radiation. The final tested results indicate that the presented CP antenna has significant performance with a −10 -dB impedance bandwidth of 42.1% (4.26-6.53 GHz), a 3-dB AR bandwidth of 26.0% (4.36-5.66 GHz) and broadside peak gain of 8.6 dBic. Moreover, the fifth-generation (5G) N79 band (4.4-5.0 GHz) and 5G wireless local area network (WLAN) band (5.15-5.35 GHz) can be covered by the operating bandwidth of the presented CPantenna.
A Circularly Polarized Patch Antenna Array with Reduced Mutual Coupling Using the Aperture-Loading Decoupling Technique
Authors: Cheng Xin , Qian Bingyi , Chang Le , Liu Jinlin , Chen Xiaoming
Published: May 2023

An aperture-loaded decoupling strategy for 1 × 8 circularly polarized (CP) patch antenna array is presented in this article. By introducing an additional coupling path, the mutual coupling between adjacent antennas is cancelled. The result shows that more than 20-dB isolation enhancement is obtained by applying this strategy at the center frequency of 3.38 GHz. Mutual coupling between both adjacent and non-adjacent elements are suppressed to less than -25 dB. Moreover, the impedance bandwidth and axial ratio (AR) is also improved with decoupling. Compared with conventional CP antenna decoupling methods, the proposed approach has the characteristics of low profile, compact size, and low impact for the ground plane. It is shown that the AR bandwidth can be enhanced using the proposed decoupling method.
Optical Vortices shape Optical Tornados
Authors: Brimis Apostolos , Makris Konstantinos , Papazoglou Dimitris
Published: May 2023

We demonstrate that by seeding an accelerating ring-Airy beam with a finite number of off-axis optical vortices, it transforms into a Tornado wave (ToW) upon propagation. Using numerical simulations, we show that both the spiraling high-intensity lobes and the optical vortices exhibit angular acceleration and follow interwinding braid-like trajectories. Likewise, we study the effect of the number, position, and topological charge of the vortices on the propagation dynamics and reveal the connection between optical vortices and optical tornados.
Removal of Colours in Textile Wastewater by Electrochemical Methods: A Review
Authors: Rathinam R. , Brindha T. , Dheenadhayalan S. , Sunitha M.
Published: May 2023

Dye wastewater from industries poses significant health hazards to the environment, so it is important
to limit its discharge into receiving waters. This overview discusses several feasible, low-cost treatment
methods, which includes biological, chemical and physical approaches. Adsorption and membrane
filtration are the two common and widely acceptable physical methods, whereas chemical (or widely
known as oxidative methods include Fenton treatment, ozone treatment, H2O2 UV irradiation, hydrogen
peroxide, NaOCl, ion-exchange, electrocoagulation, reverse process, nanofiltration, etc.).
Biodegradation can occur either aerobically or anaerobically, and both of these are examples of the
biological techniques. When it comes to the treatment of wastewater effluents from the textile industry,
there are primarily two areas of concern: selecting the appropriate technology and developing an
appropriate treatment strategy. However, The treatment of dye solutions typically depends heavily on
electrochemical processes.
Effect of Dentine Pretreatment with 38% Silver Diamine Fluoride and CPP-ACPF on
Micro-Shear Bond Strength of Resin Modified Glass Ionomer Cement
Authors: PhaniKumar Mettapalli Sai , RojaRamya Kakarla Sri , Vinay C. , Uloopi K.S. , Alla Rama Krishna , Chaitanya Penmatsa
Published: May 2023

The aim of the study is to evaluate the micro-shear bond strength and mode of failure of resin modified
glass ionomer cement (RMGIC) placed on demineralized dentin pre-treated with 38% silver diamine
fluoride (SDF) and casein phosphopeptide amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP). In order to
mount the premolars in acrylic blocks, 30 caries-free human premolars were divided mesio-distally
into two equal halves.. Then the enamel was removed to expose the dentin and immersed in
demineralizing solution for 96 h, which were then randomly allocated into three groups: Group-1:
pretreatment with 38% SDF + RMGIC; Group-2: pretreatment with CPP-ACPF + RMGIC; and
Group-3: No pretreatment + RMGIC (control). After the pre-treatment, resin modified glass ionomer
cement was placed over the dentin surface using cylindrical mold. Then the micro-shear bond strength
was evaluated using universal testing machine and mode of fracture was analyzed with stereomicroscopy.
The micro-shear bond strength was found to be higher for the control group (35.73 ± 4.15) followed
by SDF (28.39 ± 1.64) and CPP-ACPF (23.00 ± 2.17) and this difference was found to be statistically
significant (p = 0.001). On analyzing the mode of failure, the adhesive type of failure was most common
in all the groups and the difference in the percentages of mode of failure between the groups was not
significant (p = 0.337). Application of 38% SDF and CPP-ACPF on demineralized dentin samples has
shown to reduce the micro-shear bond strength of resin modified glass ionomer cement. Adhesive
failures were the most common type of failures in both pretreated and untreated groups.
Role of Annealing Temperature in Tuning Magnetic Properties of Fe-Co-Al2O4 Spinel Aluminates
Authors: Poongodi R. , Senguttuvan S. , Sagayaraj R.
Published: May 2023

The annealing temperature (600, 700, 800, 900, 1000 ºC) can have a significant effect on the
microstructure, surface functionalization, surface morphology and magnetic properties of the
Fe-Co-Al2O4 spinel aluminates synthesized by the coprecipitation method. Increasing the annealing
temperature leads to a change in the crystalline structure of the spinel aluminates, resulting in different
physical and magnetic properties. By controlling the annealing temperature, it is possible to obtain
improved structural stability, higher crystallinity and better magnetic properties of the Fe-Co-Al2O4
spinel aluminates. The annealing temperature also affects the microstructure and morphology of the
spinel aluminates, resulting in different XRD patterns, FTIR spectra and FE-SEM images. As a result,
affects the crystallite size (D: 9.49 to 14.25 nm), lattice constant (a: 8.1506 to 8.2889 Å) and surface
area of the spinel aluminates, resulting in different anisotropy constant (K: 33.06 to 66.48 J/m3) values.
The VSM study showed that higher annealing temperatures have a positive effect on the magnetic properties
of Fe-Co-Al2O4 samples. The increased magnetization capacity of these samples can be attributed to
the multi-domain nature of their crystallites, which allows for better magnetic moment ordering and
improved magnetization performance (Ms: 45.421 × 10-3 to 0.13635 emu/g). At higher temperatures,
more atoms were able to move and reorient themselves, resulting in higher coercivity (Hc: 391.75 to
873.02 Oe), magnetic moment (μB: 0.0029 to 0.007 μB Tesla) and Remnant ratio (R: 0.4113 to 0.4570
no unit) values.
Bioactive Flavonol C-Glycoside from Sida cordifolia L. and its Molecular Docking Study
Authors: Islam Md. Din , Mitra Shyama Prasad , Rabi Saswata , Hossain Emdad , Sutradhar Ranajit Kumar
Published: May 2023

Phytochemical studies of the aerial parts of Sida cordifolia L. has led to the isolation of a new flavonol
C-glycoside, 3′-(3′′,7′′-dimethyl-2′′,6′′-octadiene)-8-C-β-D-glucosyl-kaempferol-3-O-β-D-galactoside
(1) together with two known flavonoids, luteolin and quercetin. The structures of all the compounds
were established on the basis of chemical and spectroscopic studies. Compound 1 was assessed to
check the analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities and showed significant activities. Molecular
docking study was conducted for compound 1 against 4O1Z protein receptor, which strongly support
the in vitro biological findings.
Synthesis, Spectral Investigation, DFT, Antibacterial, Antifungal and Molecular
Docking Studies of Ni(II), Zn(II), Cd(II) Complexes of Tetradentate Schiff-Base Ligand
Authors: Murugan T. , Venkatesh Rangaswamy , Geetha Kannappan , Abdou Aly
Published: May 2023

By refluxing 4-nitro-o-phenylenediamine and 5-nitro salicylaldehyde, a new Schiff base ligand was
synthesized. By reacting the appropriate precursor with the tetradentate Schiff base ligand, three
nitro-substituted nickel(II), zinc(II) and cadmium(II) complexes were synthesized. UV-Visible, FTIR
and 1H NMR spectral investigations were used to characterize the ligand. Molar conductance, LC-MS,
UV-visible and FTIR spectrum analysis were used to characterize the synthesized metal(II) complexes.
The ligand and metal(II) complexes were also tested for antibacterial activity. DFT simulations were
performed at the B3LYP/6-311G (d,p) and LanL2dz levels of theory were utilized to study the geometry
of the Schiff base ligand and the metal(II) complexes. In addition, the molecular orbital occupancy of
HOMO and LUMO, as well as the molecular electrostatic potential (MEP), were computed. Molecular
docking investigation were conducted utilizing the active sites of the E. coli FabH-CoA complex
(PDB ID: 1HNJ) receptor in order to detect the interactions between metal(II) complexes and define
their likely binding locations.
Tailoring the Mechanistic Pathways and Kinetics of Decomposition of
CH3CH2C(O)OCH2CH2O Radical: A DFT Study
Authors: Tayum Nabam , Gour Nand Kishor , Murugan Arumugam , Mishra Bhupesh Kumar
Published: May 2023

The potential energy surface (PES) of the oxidative pathways and unimolecular decomposition of
CH3CH2C(O)OCH2CH2O radical formed from ethyl propionate has been investigated in details using
ab initio density functional method. In present study, it is revealed that five major decomposition
pathways with their kinetic and thermodynamics parameters. The geometries of reactants, transition
states and product radicals were optimized using the model DFT method M06-2X along with the
6-31+G(d,p) basis set. The mechanistic, kinetic and thermochemical analysis was carried out at the
M06-2X/aug-cc-pVTZ//M06-2X/6-311++G(d,p) level. Based on present results, it can be concluded
that the oxidative pathway is the most significant for decomposition of CH3CH2C(O)OCH2CH2O
radical. The rate coefficients for each reaction channels were determined in a wide range of temperature
250-450 K.
P2O5-Al2O3 Catalyzed One Pot Acetylation, Benzylidene Acetal
Protection and Benzylidene Removal of Sugar Derivatives
Authors: Sharma Anjali , Panchadhayee Rajib
Published: May 2023

An environment-friendly, simple and efficient one-pot acetylation and benzylidene acetal formation
procedure has been introduced for the synthesis of sugar derivatives using P2O5-Al2O3 as a solid acid
catalyst under solvent-free condition at room temperature, with excellent overall yield. This benzylidene
acetal has been deprotected using the same reagent but in a moist condition.
Photocatalytic Degradation of Crystal Violet Dye in Aqueous
Solution using ZnFe2O4-Cellulose Nanocomposite Catalyst
Authors: Singh Alka , Singh N.B. , Tomar Richa
Published: May 2023

The major issue in the modern area is the wastewater discharge, particularly the organic pigments
from several industries, which creates various pernicious health hazards. As a result, synthesized zinc
ferrites and cellulose nanocomposites are effective photocatalysts used for the detoxification of crystal
violet dyes. The crystallite-size of synthesized zinc ferrite nanoparticle was confirmed from XRD by
using Scherrer equation to be 25.5 nm. The elemental composition of the zinc ferrite-cellulose
nanocomposite was clearly shown by the EDS spectrum. Based on the FESEM micrographs, the zinc
ferrite-cellulose nanocomposite morphology revealed a smooth surface with microspheres measuring
500 nm in size. The ZnFe2O4-cellulose nanocomposite demonstrated 92% photocatalytic efficiency
for the removal of crystal violet dye at pH 6 after 160 min of sunlight irradiation with a catalyst dosage
of 50 mg and an initial dye concentration of 10 ppm. The pseudo-second-order kinetic model was
found to be consistent for the photocatalytic process. Finally, the newly developed photocatalyst
(ZnFe2O4-cellulose nanocomposites) should be considered better for dye decontamination in wastewater
Facile One-Pot Synthesis of Nicotinamide Analogs: Biological and Computational Evaluation
Authors: Rasgania Jyoti , Gavadia Renu , Kapoor Rajeev Kumar , Saharan Vicky , Jakhar Komal
Published: May 2023

An acid-mediated one-pot synthesis of nicotinamide clubbed aliphatic carbo(x/thio)amides has been
developed in conventional refluxing conditions as well as under microwave irradiations using dilute
HCl as a catalyst. The microwave-assisted synthesis of nicotinamide analogs notably reduces the reaction
times and provides considerably enhanced yields. The electronic structures of the synthesized hybrids
have been modeled using the DFT framework to ascertain various global reactivity indices. The promising
antimicrobial and antioxidant efficacy of the title compounds has been explored through in vitro biological
screening. The molecular docking studies of the title compounds against enoyl reductase from E. coli
(PDB: 1C14) revealed a favourable binding propensity. The pharmacokinetics efficacy of the synthesized
compounds was screened by ADMET predictions to ascertain their medicinal applications.
Asociación entre el consumo de ciertos alimentos y síntomas depresivos en adultos mayores
Authors: Bernabé-Ortiz Antonio , Sabelino-Francia Paola J. , Avendaño-Gómez Samantha N.
Published: May 2023

Introducción: Se vienen dando cambios en la alimentación en los países en vías de desarrollo como parte de la transición nutricional. Estos podrían afectar el consumo de ciertos grupos de alimentos y por lo tanto la salud mental, especialmente en los adultos mayores. El objetivo fue evaluar si existe asociación entre el consumo de ciertos grupos de alimentos (lácteos, huevos y menestras, carne, aves de corral o pescado, y frutas y/o verduras) y la presencia de síntomas depresivos en adultos mayores de pobreza y pobreza extrema en el Perú.
Metodología: Análisis secundario de un estudio de base poblacional (Encuesta de Salud y Bienestar del Adulto Mayor, en Perú) realizada en el 2012. La variable desenlace fue la presencia de síntomas depresivos, mientras que la exposición fue la frecuencia de consumo de ciertos grupos de alimentos: lácteos; huevos y menestras; carne, aves de corral o pescado; y frutas y/o verduras. Se usó modelos de regresión de Poisson, reportándose razones de prevalencia (RP) e intervalos de confianza al 95% (IC95%).
Resultados: Un total de 4214 registros fueron analizados, edad promedio de 71,2 (DE: 4,4) años, 54,2% de varones, y 61,4% de zona rural. Un total de 1621 (38,6%; IC95%: 37,1%-40,1%) adultos mayores presentaron síntomas depresivos. En modelo multivariable, la frecuencia de síntomas depresivos fue un 41% superior (IC95%: 30%-54%) entre los que no consumían huevos y menestras al menos una vez a la semana. Similarmente, se encontró asociación en aquellos que reportaron no consumir carne, aves de corral o pescado al menos tres veces por semana (18%; IC95%: 9%-28%) y los que no consumieron frutas y/o verduras al menos dos veces al día (15%; IC95%: 6%-24%).
Conclusión: Este estudio evidenció que el consumo de frutas y/o verduras, aves de corral o pescado, huevos y menestras están relacionados de manera inversa con la presencia de síntomas depresivos en el adulto mayor
Concerns About Inequality in Health, Education and Income Jointly Predict Collective Actions
Authors:   Mind, Brain and Behaviour Research Centre (CIMCYC), University of Granada, Granada, Spain, Soler-Martínez Francisco Miguel , García-Sánchez Efraín ,   Mind, Brain and Behaviour Research Centre (CIMCYC), University of Granada, Granada, Spain, Willis Guillermo B. ,   Mind, Brain and Behaviour Research Centre (CIMCYC), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
Published: May 2023

Introduction: Income inequality is often tolerated and justified, but when it brings about disparities in other domains of life (e.g., health or education), it may be seen with different eyes. In this research, we aimed to explore concerns regarding economic inequality in health, education, and income, and its relationship to supporting collective actions to reduce inequality. Method: We used survey data (N = 20,204, 18 countries) from the Latinobarometer 2020. We conducted descriptive analyses, latent class analyses, and analyses of multilevel linear regression to test our hypothesis. Results: We found that people were more concerned about health access and education opportunities than income inequality. We also identified two classes of people: one class concerned about education and health and the other unconcerned about inequality in any domain. In addition, results showed that all concerns and class membership predicted greater support of collective actions to reduce inequality. Conclusions: These preliminary findings suggest that concerns about education and health disparities may serve to increase awareness of overall inequality and mobilise the public.
Langzeitverlauf von beatmeten Patienten nach SARS-CoV-2 (Post-COVID-Studie)
Authors: Oehmichen F. , Bauer A. , Spacek M. , Rückriem S. , Mehnert K. , Mehrholz J.
Published: May 2023

Zusammenfassung Bislang ist nur wenig zu den mittel- und längerfristigen Auswirkungen von beatmeten Intensivpatienten nach SARSCoV-2 in der post-akuten Phase und der Rehabilitation bekannt. Gerade für die Versorgung initial beatmeter Intensivpatienten nach SARS-CoV-2 -Infektion gibt es für die deutsche Versorgungssituation bislang kaum Daten. Ziel dieser Studie ist es daher, den Verlauf von initial beatmeten Patienten nach SARS-CoV-2-Infektion nach Entwöhnung von der Beatmung in einem spezialisierten Zentrum für Beatmungsentwöhnung und Frührehabilitation hinsichtlich Überleben, Entlassungsort (nach Hause, mit bzw. ohne ambulante Pflege, Pflegeheim), Lebensqualität, Angst, Depression, Teilhabe/Partizipation und Fatigue nach 6 Wochen zu beschreiben. Im Zeitraum von März 2020 bis Juni 2022 wurden alle initial beatmeten Patienten nach SARS-CoV-2 in einem interdisziplinären Zentrum für Beatmungsentwöhnung und fachübergreifende Rehabilitation in unsere Untersuchung aufgenommen. Die Kohorte der initial beatmeten Patienten nach SARSCoV-2 wurde einer vergleichbaren, nach Fallschwere ausgewählten Kontrollgruppe von beatmeten Patienten von Intensivstationen der Klinik gegenübergestellt. Die primären Zielgrößen waren das Überleben bei Entlassung und nach einem Jahr sowie der Status der Pflegebedürftigkeit. Sekundäre Zielgrößen beinhalteten die Lebensqualität, Angst/Depression, Teilhabe/Partizipation sowie Fatigue. Insgesamt wurden 500 Patienten nach SARS-CoV-2 und 200 hinsichtlich der Fallschwere vergleichbare Patienten ohne SARS-CoV-2 in die vorliegende Untersuchung eingeschlossen. Im Ergebnis zeigten sich sechs Wochen nach Entlassung aus der stationären Rehabilitation im Vergleich zu der nach Fallschwere angepassten – ebenso schwer betroffenen – Patientengruppe aus der gleichen Einrichtung größtenteils vergleichbare Ergebnisse hinsichtlich des Überlebens und der Pflegebedürftigkeit. Auch in der Nachuntersuchung sechs Wochen nach Entlassung aus der stationären Rehabilitation waren die Ergebnisse der Lebensqualität größtenteils in beiden initial beatmeten Patientengruppen vergleichbar. Lediglich in den Subskalen Beweglichkeit/Mobilität bzw. Angst/ Niedergeschlagenheit des EQ-5D zeigten sich minimal stärkere Ausprägungen zu Ungunsten der Patienten nach SARSCOV CoV-2-Infektion im Vergleich zur Kontrollgruppe. Schlüsselwörter: SARS-CoV-2, Langzeitfolgen, beatmete Patienten, Lebensqualität, Fall-Kontroll-Studie
An Overview of Chemotherapy Side Effects on Patients with Prostate Cancer, Bladder Cancer, and Testicular Cancer at Haji Adam Malik General Hospital Medan from 2020-2022
Authors: Jesslyn Felicia
Published: May 2023

Background: Chemotherapy is an alternative anticancer therapy. In general, side effects that will occur are hair loss, decreased appetite, weight loss, headache, fatigue, mouth ulcer, diarrhea, nausea and vomiting, constipation, nosebleed, skin rash, painful urination, muscle pain, and heartburn.Objective: To identify the most and least chemotherapy side effects in patients with prostate cancer, bladder cancer, and testicular cancer.Methods: The method used is descriptive quantitative with a total sampling technique. The study population was patients with prostate cancer, bladder cancer, and testicular cancer at Haji Adam Malik General Hospital Medan in 2020-2022, with a total of 38 people. Results: From the calculation of the frequency distribution, the sequence of side effects of prostate cancer chemotherapy was hair loss (94.1%), fatigue (88.2%), decreased appetite (76.5%), nausea and vomiting (70,6%), constipation (58.8%), muscle pain (47.1%), diarrhea (47.1%), weight loss (41.2%), skin rash (35.5%), painful urination (35.3%), headache (23.5%) %), mouth ulcer (23.5%), and heartburn (17.6%). Bladder cancer namely, fatigue (100%), decreased appetite (90.9%), nausea and vomiting (90.9%), muscle pain (63.6%), weight loss (63.6%), painful urination (54.5%), hair loss (45.4%), headache (45.4%), diarrhea (45.4%), constipation (45.4%), heartburn (36.4%), mouth ulcer (18.2%), and skin rash (18.2%). Testicular cancer namely, hair loss, decreased appetite, nausea and vomiting (100%), muscle pain (80%), weight loss (70%), fatigue (70%), heartburn (60%), mouth ulcer (50%), constipation (50%), headache (40%), skin rash (40%), painful urination (40%), and diarrhea (30%).Conclusion: Most to the least chemotherapy side effects are studied in patients with prostate cancer, bladder cancer, and testicular cancer. Keywords: Bladder Cancer, Chemotherapy, Prostate Cancer, Side Effects, Testicular Cancer
Effect of Melinjo Seed Extract on GSH Levels of Hyperuricemic Wistar Rats
Authors: Fadhiilah Ardhana , Mahati Endang , Wijayahadi Noor , Nindita Yora
Published: May 2023

Background: Hyperuricemia is a condition where uric acid levels are above normal. The biosynthesis of uric acid by the enzyme xanthine oxidase (XO) produces free radicals that cause oxidative stress. Oxidative stress lowers cellular GSH levels. Gnetum gnemon L. or melinjo seeds contain stilbenoids and flavonoids that can act as natural XO inhibitors. Objective: To study the effect of melinjo seed extract on GSH levels.Methods: This research was a true experimental with pre and post-test controlled group design. Thirty six male wistar rats were randomly divided into 6 groups consisting of a healthy control (KS), negative control (K1), positive control (K2), treatment 1 (P1) extract 250 mg/kgBW, treatment 2 (P2) extract 500 mg/kgBW, treatment 3 (P3) extract 2000 mg/kgBW. Hyperuricemia was induced by the administration of Maggie® block broth and potassium oxonate. Measurement was carried out on the 21st and 35th day of treatment, then analyzed using Paired-Sample T Test, continued with One-Way Anova test and Post Hoc LSD test. Results: Administration of melinjo seed extract at P1, P2, and P3 significantly increased GSH levels (P<0.05) from 1.23±0.10 to 1.55±0.16; 1.22±0.06 to 1.73±0.16; and 1.21±0.08 to 1.88±0.08. There was significant difference between the three doses with a dose of 250 mg/kgBW melinjo seed extract being more effective than allopurinol 90 mg/kgBW. Conclusion: Melinjo seed extract could increase GSH levels with the most effective dose of 250 mg/kgBB.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN NEUTROPHIL LYMPHOCYTE RATIO AND CLINICAL SPECTRUM OF COVID-19 PATIENTS AT RSUD TUGUREJO SEMARANG
Authors: Amirah Shafa Salina
Published: May 2023

Background: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious respiratory disease caused by infection novel coronavirus called Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). COVID-19 patients has different clinical spectrum, it depends on individual susceptibility and virus ability to infect. Supporting examination that can be used to screening, monitoring and evaluating COVID-19 patient is Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio. Elevated NLR result indicates an imbalance immune response because neutrophilia and lymphopenia occurs.Objective: This study to determine whether there is a relationship between neutrophil lymphocyte ratios with clinical spectrum of COVID-19 patients at Tugurejo Hospital, Semarang.Methods: The research conducted at Tugurejo Hospital Semarang in November 2022. This study was an analytical observasional study with cross sectional design and used consequtive sampling. Total samples are 99 fit into the inclusion criteria carried out by data from medical records. Data analysis used Chi Square Test to assess whether there is a relationship between both variable. Results: The age of COVID-19 patients who hospitalized was 19 – 91 years old. Most of the clinical spectrum patients was moderate (49.5%) and neutrophil lymphocyte ratio result was ≥3.13 (high risk). On Chi Square test found the result of p-value is 0.045 (<0.05) between neutrophil lymphocyte ratio with the clinical spectrum of COVID-19 patients. Which meant that there was significant relationship between both variables.Conclusion: There is significant relationship between neutrophil lymphocyte ratio with clinical spectrum of COVID-19 patients at Tugurejo Hopsital Semarang.
The Comparison of Clinical Characteristics of Acute Decompensated Heart Failure Patients between JCARE-CARD Japan and dr. Kariadi Hospital Registry
Authors: Sobirin Mochamad Ali , Yanto Kelly Kuswidi , Herry Yan , Rifqi Sodiqur , Tsutsui Hiroyuki
Published: May 2023

Background: _Heart failure (HF) is a major public health problem due to the high prevalence, poor prognosis, and huge costs contributed by frequent hospital admissions and prolonged care. Clinical characteristics of patients with HF might differ among different regions and races and low socioeconomic status was associated with increased incidence of heart failure. Indonesia dan Japan are both Asian countries with different race and socioeconomic status. No previous study has examined the difference of clinical characteristics between Indonesia dan Japanese HF patients.Objective: To investigate HF patients demographic and clinical characteristics in Indonesia and compare with Japanese  registryMethods: In this retrospective observational study, patients presenting with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) at dr. Kariadi Hospital (RSDK) were consecutively recruited during 2014-2015 hospitalization period. Baseline data including demographic, clinical characteristics, laboratory data on admission, medication use before hospitalization,  and length of stay during hospitalization were collected from medical record using the form of the Japanese Cardiac Registry of Heart Failure in Cardiology (JCARE-CARD). The descriptive analysis was performed to compare those HF characteristics.Results: A total of 246 ADHF patients in RSDK registry were included with average age of responden was 56.4 years-old and 57.3% were male. Etiology was predominantly ischemic heart disease (IHD) in 60.6%, average left ventricular ejection fraction 40.1% and length of hospital stay was 8.8 days. Compared to Japanese registry, the characteristics of clinical status and laboratory data on admission were almost similar between studies except for higher prevalence of ischemic heart disease, renal dysfunction and dyslipidemia but lower prior stroke in RSDK study. The average length of stay at hospital was longer in Japanese registry (8.8 days vs. 33.9 days).Conclusion: Ischaemic heart disease and renal dysfunction more prevalent in RSDK registry, but prior stroke and length of stay at hospital higher in Japanese registry of hospitalized ADHF patients.