bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of substrate adjacent to the scan region on the trueness of four intraoral scanners: An in vitro study
Authors: Elter Bahar , Tak Önjen
Published: June 2023

Objectives
The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the trueness of four commercially available intraoral scanners on scanning different substrates that existed in the adjacent proximal contact area.
Materials and methods
Four intraoral scanners (Trios4, Trios3, Primescan, Omnicam) were used for scanning the intact enamel surface of a molar tooth, and six restorative materials (zirconia, lithium disilicate glass-ceramic, composite, hybrid ceramic, feldspathic ceramic, metal) that were located at the adjacent proximal contact area of the same tooth. Reference scans were obtained using an extraoral scanner (inEos X5). A 3-dimensional analyzing software (Geomagic Control X) was used to compare the reference and tested scans. The two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Bonferroni correction was performed for statistical analyses (α = .05).
Results
Trios3 and Trios4 showed higher trueness than Primescan, and Primescan had higher trueness than Omnicam (p < 0.001), while there were no differences between Trios3 and Trios4. Metal showed significantly higher Root Mean Square values (0.273 ± 0.24µm) than other substrates. No difference was found between the scanners’ zirconia, lithium disilicate glass-ceramic, composite, and feldspathic ceramic scans (p > .05). For the metal, Trios3 and Trios4 showed higher trueness than Primescan and Omnicam, while Omnicam showed lower trueness among all scanners. For the hybrid ceramic, Trios3 showed higher trueness than Omnicam (p < 0.001). For the enamel, Trios3 showed higher trueness than Primescan and Omnicam (p < 0.001).
Conclusion
The trueness of intraoral scanners can be affected by the substrates that exist in the proximal contact area. Amongst all, the metal substrate affected most the trueness of the intraoral scanners.
Clinical Relevance:
The clinician should decide on the impression system, taking into account that the intraoral scanner and the surfaces to be scanned affect the trueness of the digital data. The deviation of the digital impression would be high in the presence of a metal restoration on the adjacent proximal surface.
Investigation on the Enhanced Performance of Acrylate Resin Reinforced with SiO2 Nanoparticles for Dental 3D Printing
Authors: ÖZLER Berk , YILDIRIM Serdar
Published: June 2023

This study investigates the use of photochemical three-dimensional printers in the production of finely detailed dental models. Employing this additive manufacturing method allows for the elimination of molds, instead utilizing the polymerization of photo-crosslinkable resins under UV light. Our research focused on enhancing the mechanical properties and degree of conversion of the resins used in these models, specifically acrylate-based resins which are currently prevalent in the market. To do this, both modified and unmodified SiO2 nanoparticles were incorporated as a reinforcement material. We synthesized spherical nanoparticles with a particle size of approximately 40–50 nm using the sol-gel method and subsequently silanized them. These nanoparticles were then mixed with the acrylate-based resin to prepare composite resins. Throughout each stage of production, we utilized a range of characterization techniques including Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), tensile tests, and three-point bending tests. Our findings revealed that the composite resin sample, denoted as AC1.5SS, demonstrated significant improvements in mechanical properties and the degree of conversion. Specifically, we observed an 18.6% increase in the degree of conversion, a 51.3% enhancement in yield strength, a 2.3% rise in flexural strength, and a 26.3% improvement in the modulus of elasticity. Therefore, our results substantiate the feasibility of utilizing acrylate-based resin reinforced with nanoparticles for dental applications. This is particularly significant since factors such as flexural strength, modulus of elasticity, and degree of conversion are crucial parameters in dental applications.
How generalized anxiety disorder and perceived stress affect the lives of medical students in Sudan?
Authors: Ibrahim Danya , Ahmed Reem Mohamed , Bashir Moez , Mohammad Ayman Zuhair , Ibrahim Basil , Mohammed Tibyan , Mohamed Mona Elfadl , Abdelgadir Tibyan , Mohammed Baraah , Ibrahim Moneib , Mirghani Kamil Shaaban
Published: June 2023

Background
Individuals with Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) often experience significant disturbance in their well-being and daily activities. Whereby, interfering with their dynamic progress. Anxiety is a product of stress and a major predictor of academic performance. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD), measure levels of anxiety and perceived stress, evaluate academic profile, identify lifestyle characteristics, and explore the correlations between these factors.
Methods
In this cross-sectional study 340 Sudanese medical students completed online questionnaires, composed of the sociodemographic and lifestyle characteristics, academic profile, Generalized Anxiety Disorder-2 scale (GAD-2), and Perceived Stress Scale-10 (PSS-10). Descriptive and inferential statistics were applied using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) Version 20.0 for data analysis.
Results
Of 340 medical students, 3.8% of them were diagnosed with GAD, while 29.1% scored ≥ 3 in GAD-2, indicating a possible diagnosis. The study found that 9.7% of the participants used addictive substances, with 42% of them having high GAD-2 scores. Moreover, high anxiety levels were associated with high-stress scores (p-value = 0.000). Also, high GAD-2 scores were significantly associated with students who spent less than 10,000 SDG (18$) weekly, spent more time on entertainment using smart devices (p-value = 0.004), and had an unhealthy diet (p-value = 0.004). Low anxiety levels were associated with better sleep quality (p-value = 0.00), satisfaction with religious practices (p-value = 0.00), and increased leisure/hobby time (p-value = 0.018). High-stress levels were observed in females (p-value = 0.035), those with lower academic performance satisfaction levels, and increased hours of smart device usage for entertainment (p-value = 0.001). Reduced stress levels were associated with being ≥ 23 years old, increased leisure/hobby time (p-value = 0.002), satisfaction with religious practices (p-value = 0.00), and having a healthy diet (p-value = 0.006).
Conclusion
The low prevalence of GAD corresponded with previous literature, but 29.1% of medical students had a high probability of having GAD. The study emphasizes on providing accessible mental health services for medical students and interventions addressing modifiable risk factors.
Improved Particle Swarm Optimization for Solving in PID Control of Electro-Hydraulic Servo System
Authors: Xiao Wen-sheng , Li Guang-xin , LIU CHAO , Tan Li-ping
Published: June 2023

The drill pipe handling system is characterized by large working load, wide range of load variation and high control accuracy requirements, which put certain requirements on the stability and reliability of the hydraulic system. In this paper, the research on the optimized control of electro-hydraulic servo system of drill pipe handling system is mainly conducted. Firstly, the mathematical model of the electro-hydraulic servo system is established and the transfer function of the electro-hydraulic servo system is solved. Secondly, the Cauchy mutation mechanism is introduced to improve the traditional particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm for the defects of local optimum, and the algorithm is verified by a series of experiments. The results show that the improved PSO has faster convergence speed and higher convergence accuracy, and the solution performance is greatly improved. Finally, Simulink is used to build a simulation model and the improved PSO algorithm is applied to the optimization of PID parameters. It is found that the improved PSO algorithm obtains better control effect through simulation.
Molecular Similarities Between Trypanosoma Cruzi Microtubule Associated Proteins, Mammalian Interferons, and Trim Genes
Authors: Winkler Martin , Pan Alfred
Published: June 2023

Bioinformatic studies have identified sequence similarity found between Trypanosoma cruzi Antigen 36 (Ag36) and Human TRIM21 genes. Search of genome databases disclosed that the Ag36 gene of T. cruzi (Genbank M21331) was found to have 14 homologous genes sequences (MAP genes with 100% identity to M21331). When bioinformatics analysis was conducted, TRIM37 and TRIM40 showed 18% and 9.7% identity, respectively, and four other TRIM genes had identities greater than 5%. When human Interferon alpha, beta, and gamma genes were compared to Ag36, percent identities were 13.6%, 12.6%, and 17.9%, respectively. The MAP genes’ mRNAs exported to the host cell cytoplasm in exosomes, for example, may recognize host TRIMs’ mRNAs, to possibly silence these genes. This could impact the host innate immune response to the parasite, or the host’s cellular growth giving rise to autoimmunity found in Chronic Chagas Cardiomyopathy (CCC). A phylogenetic study of the T. cruzi Ag36 and mammalian TRIM21 genes was performed to verify the significance of the findings with the human TRIM21 sequence. In addition to human and chimpanzee, TRIM21 comparable gene regions from canine, shrew, ferret, bat, feline, and armadillo, and aardvark showed similarity to the gene for Ag36 ranging from 32–68%
Living with non-cardiac chest pain—a qualitative study of spouses’ perspectives
Authors: Eriksson-Liebon Magda , Köhler Anita Kärner , Johansson Peter , Mourad Ghassan
Published: June 2023

Background
Recurrent non-cardiac chest pain (NCCP) has a negative impact on patients’ lives, including functional impairment, impaired quality of life, and psychological distress. However, there is a lack of knowledge regarding the impact of NCCP on the spouses of these patients. Therefore, this study aimed to explore spouses´ experiences of living with a partner suffering from NCCP.
Methods
This study is part of a project that evaluated the effects of a nurse-led internet-delivered cognitive behavioural therapy (iCBT) program on cardiac anxiety in patients with NCCP. Ten spouses of partners who participated in the iCBT study were interviewed individually. Data was inductively analyzed using qualitative content analysis.
Results
The findings portray the spouses’ experiences of living with a partner suffering from NCCP. Three categories and nine subcategories were identified. In the first category, “a feeling of being neglected”, spouses described feeling ignored and excluded by healthcare professionals and kept out by the partner. The second category, “a tension between the hope and despair”, contained various feelings related to faith, compassion, and support, the feeling of being unprepared to deal with the chest pain, and frustration over the situation. Finally, in the third category, “a threat to ordinary life”, spouses reported changes that were caused by chest pain that negatively affected different areas of their lives, such as everyday life and economy, leisure activities, and couple relationships.
Conclusions
NCCP in partners had an emotional and practical impact on the lives of their spouses. Spouses described feeling neglected and uninvited; feeling tension between hope and despair, where faith and hope met powerlessness and frustration over the situation; and struggles in everyday life and couple relationships in relation to the challenges related to NCCP.
Trial Registration
The study was registered on 01/11/2017 at ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03336112; https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03336112
Development of forming process for deep drawing of square cup with optimized blankholder pressure
Authors: Zhang Hongsheng , Qin Siji
Published: June 2023

A novel segmental blank holder technique was developed to apply BHF on sheet metal, in which the binder was divided into double rings to apply blank holding force (BHF) independently and effectively on different flange regions. Firstly, the holding principles were expatiated by theoretical derivation. The results show that the BHF can be applied on different radial areas independently. Then The reasonable of segmental blank holder technique was proven by forming simulation. the distribution of BHF applied by the new blank holder is reasonable than that of single blank holder. Finally, the feasibility of the segmental blank holder technique was proven by a series of experiments. the flange wrinkling was demonstrated to be more eliminated than that using the single blank holder. Also, the result indicates that compared with 1:2 and 2:1, when the distribution ratio between outer ring and the inner ring is 1:2, there have a better forming quality.
Coral-like carbon skeleton for aqueous zinc ion batteries MnO2 cathode material
Authors: Wei Yanan , Li Siqi , Wu Qiong , Han Yuan , Liu Jiaming , Qain Guixiang , Yang Chao
Published: June 2023

Rechargeable aqueous zinc ion batteries (AZIBs) have attracted significant attention in the field of energy storage due to their high theoretical capacity, low toxicity, excellent safety performance, low cost and affordability. As the cathode material of AZIBs, MnO2 as the cathode material for AZIBs, boasts advantages such as cost-effectiveness and low environmental impact. However, it still exhibits certain limitations such as inadequate conductivity and compromised structural stability. In this work, a coral-like carbon skeleton (CCS) was designed to stabilize the electrochemical properties of the MnO2 cathode by growing the MnO2 on the surface of CCS. It is found that CCS@MnO2 exhibits notable advantages in terms of stable cycling performance and high specific capacity. This material exhibits an approximate 100% coulombic efficiency after 500 cycles when subjected to a current density of 1.0 A g-1. The CCS support significantly enhanced the performance of AZIBs and rendering it highly appealing for diverse range of energy applications.
The fusion of predefined similarity and learned similarity based on Bayesian Personalized Ranking algorithm
Authors: Zheng JianChang , Wang HongJuan
Published: June 2023

As an essential part of big data, the recommendation system is widely used because of its practicability. Most of the traditional rating prediction algorithms mainly focus on explicit feedback, but this type of data is usually sparse in the real world. On the contrary, the Bayesian Personalized Ranking algorithm is from implicit feedback. It divides the implicit feedback into positive feedback and negative feedback. And it assumes that the unobserved item is negative feedback, the strict assumption will bring about the negative influence in recommendation applications. Motivated by this, we propose the fusion of predefined similarity and learned similarity based on Bayesian Personalized Ranking algorithm which aims to improve the recommendation. We first fuse the predefined similarity and the learned similarity method to calculate the similarity between items, and then find the items that users may be interested in through the number of item occurrence. To this end, we divide the items into three sets for each user, and provide the pairwise preference assumption. We also extend the idea of the CoFiSet model to our model, and provide a series pairwise assumption. The model parameters are learned by the stochastic gradient descent. We conduct experiments on three real-world datasets to verify the accuracy of FSBPR, and compare FSBPR with the state-of-the-art baseline models. The experimental results indicate that our model significantly improves the accuracy of the recommendation.
Genomic variation and candidate genes dissect quality and yield traits in Boehmeria nivea (L.) Gaudich
Authors: Shi Yaliang , Huang Kunyong , Chen Jikang , Niu Juan , Sun Zhimin , Yu Na , Qiu Xiaojun , Shi Yingying , Chen Jing , Zhong Yicheng , Wang Yue , Chen Jianhua , Luan Mingbao , Zhu Aiguo
Published: June 2023

Ramie is a perennial and traditional Chinese cellulose fiber crop and accessible for harvesting three times within one year in some region of China. Besides, ramie can also be used in medicine, feed and material industries. The genetic basis over quality- and yield- related traits in ramie is poorly understood and insufficient owing to the lack of assessment in different environments. A core collection comprising 319 accessions with 25.31-fold coverage resequencing depth for evaluating population structure and genomic variation. Combined with linkage mapping method detecting favorable variation and candidate genes associated with yield and quality related traits. We obtained approximately 3.49 million high quality single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), 2,089,798 insertions and deletions (Indels) and 88,087 structure variation (SV) in whole genome. None distinct population structure was found in ramie population based on geographical distribution. Some loci and genes were detected to relate to three yield traits and fiber fineness. A pleiotropic genes encoding NAC domain containing protein (BnNAC29), was identified significantly correlated with stem diameter and bark thickness. The variation of large-fragment deletion and indels in two candidate genes may responsible for the two traits. Moreover, we also detected pleiotropic loci and candidate genes for plant height and stem diameter. Our study provides new insights into the genetic architecture of ramie yield and fiber quality. The identified loci and candidate genes are expected to facilitate genomics-based breeding for higher fiber yield and quality improvement in ramie.
Native habitats and salt stress responses of wild Hydrangea macrophylla
Authors: Morimoto Hayato , Harada Senjiro , Shukuya Shogo , Yamamoto Sho , HANDA Takashi
Published: June 2023

Hydrangea shrubs, developed from wild Hydrangea macrophylla endemic to Japan, are very important plants for landscaping and horticulture. H. macrophylla, likely speciated from H. serrata growing in the mountainous zone, have migrated into coastal zone. However, there is still a lack of information about the habitats of wild H. macrophylla and its adaptative responses to salt-stressed coastal environments. Therefore, in this study we conducted a survey of wild H. macrophylla populations and its native habitats. The results of the habitat survey showed that H. macrophylla is mainly distributed in coastal zones that have a saline atmosphere, triggered by high wind speed, high soil EC1:5 and large soil sodium contents, capable of causing severe damage to many plant species. Additionally, we confirmed some inland populations in a part of the Izu Peninsula and on the Izu islands. Several of these inland H. macrophylla populations inhabited mountain vegetation areas favored by H. serrata, and had thinner leaves than the coastal populations. We also found H. macrophylla individuals growing in oligotrophic environments such as on rocky surfaces and in volcanic ash scoria. Leaf cation analysis suggests that H. macrophylla adapts to salt stress by regulating Na+ allocation and preventing high leaf Na+ concentrations. The findings of this fundamental investigation of native habitats and adaptation to coastal zone should help facilitate further studies on H. macrophylla ecosystem, abiotic stress and conservation.
Construction of a Competency Model for Occupational Health Post for Chinese Medical Students
Authors: Chen Lili , Zhao Jiyang , Chen Yangyang , Fu Xinyu , Zhang Tong , Jing Xueyan , Wu Yonghui , Wang Yue
Published: June 2023

Aims and Methods
To construct a scientific and reasonable competency model for occupational health post to provide a reference standard for the education and training of occupational health-related personnel. A purposive sampling method was used to select the investigation subjects. Thirty-seven experts from Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Diseases, Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, university research organization, occupational health services and Institute of Public Health Supervision in multiple locations were selected to develop a questionnaire for occupational health post competency through literature reading and semi-structured expert interview methods. Two rounds of consultation were conducted and SPSS 21.0 was applied for statistical analysis of the data.
Results
The occupational health post competency indication system with 5 primary indicators and 25 secondary indicators was determined. And the competency was stratified from inside to outside with reference to the "onion model", then the occupational health post competency model was completed.
Conclusion
The final constructed competency model for occupational health post was divided into three layers, with the innermost layer being professionalism, the middle layer being professional skills, general competence and work and development, and the outer layer being basic knowledge. The use of the model can be promoted to improve the post competency evaluation mechanism and clarify the positioning of occupational health-related personnel at different stages of their personal career development.
Characterization of necroptosis and immune landscape in dermatomyositis by bioinformatics analysis and machine learning
Authors: Dai Mengmeng , Zhang Chunyi , Li Ruxu , Gao Congcong , Yue Runzhi , Su Zhaohui , Li Chaoying , Zheng Zhaohui
Published: June 2023

BackgroundDermatomyositis (DM) is a cell-mediated autoimmune disease of intricate aetiology. Necroptosis is a newly identified form of programmed cell death. This research aimed to explore the value of necroptosis-related genes in DM.
Methods DM datasets were obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Necroptosis-related differentially expressed genes (NRDEGs) of DM were identified by intersecting differentially expressed genes (DEGs) with necroptosis gene set. Then, signature genes of NRDEGs were determined by the machine learning method of random forest (RF), support vector machine-recursive feature elimination (SVM-RFE), and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression (LASSO). Moreover, immune microenvironment of DM and its correlation with signature genes were created to assess immune dysregulation. Besides, functional enrichment analysis, protein-protein interaction (PPI) co-expression network construction, transcription factor (TF)-miRNA network analysis were collectively performed on signature genes. In addition, the Mfuzz expression pattern clustering and functional enrichment based on the optimal signature was conducted.
Results A total of 2524 DEGs in GSE143323 were obtained, including BAX, BIRC3, JAK3, SPATA2L and TNFSF10. Through the intersection with necroptosis gene set, 28 NRDEGs were examined. Furthermore, five signature genes were identified via machine learning and were verified in GSE1551. In immune landscape evaluation, signature genes were positively correlated with most immunocytes, human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genes, and immune checkpoints. Among them, TNFSF10 was the best diagnostic signature of DM. The most highly associated module genes with TNFSF10 by Mfuzz expression pattern clustering mainly enriched in immunity and immunoregulation.
Conclusions Necroptosis occurs in DM, and is closely related to DM immune microenvironment, which merits further investigations in the necroptosis of DM pathogenesis.
Evaluation of the occurrence of endophthalmitis according to the antibiotic prophylaxis treatment in patients with intraocular foreign bodies.
Authors: Bernier Raphaël , Elbany Sandra , Rocher Antonin , Gilli Christelle , Imbeau Léa , Rochepeau Cédric , Burillon Carole
Published: June 2023

Aim
The aim of the present study was to describe the clinical presentation of patients with open globe injuries (OGI) due to intra ocular foreign bodies (IOFBs) and to evaluate the occurrence of endophthalmitis in these patients. Moreover, this study evaluated the role of antibiotic prophylaxis in the prevention of endophthalmitis associated to IOFBs.
Methods
This study is a retrospective analysis of the medical records of patients with IOFBs presenting to the Edouard Herriot Hospital, Lyon, France, between May 2018 and February 2023. Patients who were operated for the removal of an IOFB were included. The clinical and epidemiological characteristics were evaluated, as well as theoccurrence of endophthalmitis according to the treatments used.
Results
A total of 35 patients who were operated to remove the IOFB were included. In one patient, the foreign body could not be removed. The surgery was anterior for 7 (20.0%) and posterior for 28 (80.0%). The median time to removal was 2 [1-3] days.
A total of 6 (17.1%) patients had an endophthalmitis at diagnosis, these patients did not receive antibiotic prophylaxis treatment. Among the patients without endophthalmitis, all patients received a systemic and local antibiotic prophylaxis; 19 (65.5%) patients were treated using intraocular antibiotics (IOA). Independently to the antibiotic prophylaxis treatment received, no patient developed endophthalmitis.
Conclusion
In the present study, no patient developed endophthalmitis postoperatively; independently of the antibiotic treatment received. Systemic and local antibiotics should be routinely used in IOFBs treatment, and intravitreal injections should have a broad indication.
Pancreatic Insulinoma with a Rare Association of Gray Matter Heterotopia: A Case Report
Authors: Hashmi Aateqa , Sarwar Muhammad Zeeshan , Iftikhar Sadaf , Naqi Syed Asghar
Published: June 2023

Background: Insulinoma is a functioning pancreatic neoplasm reported with some rare associations, but gray matter heterotopia has never been reported as its association in literature yet.
Case Presentation: We report the case of a nineteen-year-old man, a diagnosed case of epilepsy, who presented with typical Whipple’s triad. Computerized tomography of abdomen revealed nodule in the head of pancreas raising suspicion of insulinoma. As a part of workup to rule out multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1, magnetic resonance imaging of brain was performed which showed incidental finding of two foci of gray matter heterotopia in left lateral ventricle: one nodular growth in frontal horn causing corrugated outline and the other nipple-like outpouching in sub-ependymal location near centrum semi-ovale. After localization of pancreatic lesion, organ preserving open enucleation of tumour was performed. Histopathology confirmed 1.6 x 1.4 x 1 cmgrade II well differentiated neuroendocrine tumour. Post-operative complication of pancreatico-cutaneous fistula arose for which pancreatic duct stent placement was done through endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreaticography. Leakage from wound persisted for which the wound was surgically re-explored to perform pancreatico-gastrostomy. Leakage resolved and patient was discharged within a week. Epilepsy correlating with his incidental finding of gray matter heterotopia responded well to anti-epileptic medication hence requiring no surgical intervention.
Conclusion: We report gray matter heterotopia as a rare association of insulinoma which has never been reported in literature yet.
Single-cell analysis of sex and gender differences in the human brain during development and disease
Authors: Zelco Aura , Joshi Anagha
Published: June 2023

Sex and gender differences in human brain are of interest to society and science as numerous processes are impacted by them, including brain development, behavior, and the occurrence, prevalence, and therapeutic response of diseases. By assembling publicly accessible data from the in utero to elderly age in healthy, Alzheimer’s disease and multiple sclerosis samples, we thoroughly analyzed SG changes through brain development and brain disorders at a single-cell level. We identified and characterised SG-biased genes in ten key types of brain cells across nine age and illness groups, by analysing a total of 419,885 single-nucleus RNA- sequencing samples from 161 human brains (72 females, 89 males). SG-biased genes were located mostly on the autosomes and showed some enrichment for Y chromosome but not X. Most SG-biased genes were unique to cell types and were enriched for cell type specific markers. Furthermore, SG-biased genes showed little overlap across age and disease groups. Despite a very low gene overlap, there was a high functional overlap for SG-biased genes across cell types as well as across age and disease. Female-biased genes were enriched for brain-related processes, and male-biased genes were enriched for metabolic pathways. Mitochondrial genes were consistently female-biased. Both male- and female-biased genes were highly enriched for androgen (not estrogen) response elements and interestingly thymosin targets were enriched consistently only in male-biased genes. Finally, we have created a web resource with full characterisation of SG-biased genes at different thresholds for the scientific community, to validate findings and generate further new hypotheses, available at https://joshiapps.cbu.uib.no/SRB app/.
Effects of modular new prone positioning tools in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome due to COVID-19: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Huang Dunbing , Ke Xiaohua , Song Wei , Zhong Yue , Li Yiting , Xu Mengyao , Wang Jiaqi , Yao Zizhe , Xiong Lize , Zhang Anren
Published: June 2023

Background Prone position (PP) ventilation has become an effective and simple treatment for acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) due to COVID-19; however, prolonged prone position not only leads to patient discomfort, but also reduces patient compliance, and is prone to causing adverse events such as pressure injuries, pain, and dizziness. We aim to explore the effects of modular new prone positioning tools in patients with ARDS due to COVID-19. Methods 168 patients with ARDS due to COVID-19 were selected; however, 92 were later disqualified. 76 patients were randomly assigned to the observation group (n = 38) and the control group (n = 38). The observation group used modular new prone positioning tools to implement prone ventilation therapy while the control group used soft pillows to implement prone ventilation therapy. Comfort indicators (including time spent implementing PP, duration of PP, number of postural adjustments during PP, and duration time when first needing to adjust position), adverse events (including artificial airway kinking, shortness of breath, dizziness, and stress injury), and efficacy indicators (including intubation and mortality) were collected. The feeling of comfort, the occurrence of adverse events, and the efficacy of two groups of patients were also evaluated. Results The observation group had shorter time spent implementing PP(2.74 ± 0.86 vs. 4.64 ± 1.02, P < 0.001), longer duration of PP (14.02 ± 1.01 vs. 13.03 ± 0.66, P < 0.001), duration time when first needing to adjust position (59.89 ± 12.73 vs. 36.57 ± 8.69, P < 0.001), and lower number of postural adjustments during PP (11.03 ± 2.67 vs. 17.95 ± 2.58, P < 0.001) in comparison with the control group. No significant differences in intubation (9 vs. 11, P = 0.602) and mortality (4 vs. 6, P = 0.602) were found in both groups. However, in terms of adverse events, the observation group showed lower artificial airway kinking (5 vs. 23, P < 0.001), pain (7 vs. 21, P = 0.001), shortness of breath (2 vs. 9, P = 0.022), dizziness (0 vs. 5, P = 0.021), and stress injury (7 vs. 26, P < 0.001) than the control group. Conclusion Utilizing modular new prone position tools to implement prone ventilation therapy not only improves the efficiency of prone position execution and patient comfort, but also reduces the incidence of adverse events. However, it cannot change the intubation rate and mortality rate of patients.
WOMEN IN SCHOL LEADERSHIP: A CASE OF COMMUNITY SECONDARY SCHOOLS (CSSs) IN RURAL TANZANIA
Authors: Mbepera Joyce
Published: June 2023

This study intended to find out the reasons for women teachers’ under-representation in leadership positions in rural community secondary schools in Tanzania as only 18.7 % of women are heads in 2013 in the country. The first objective was to find out the barriers for women teachers to occupy leadership posts in rural community secondary schools. The second objective was to assess the techniques used by women who are in leadership positions to occupy such posts which could help other women. This is a qualitative case study which consisted of 77 participants (7 women heads, 68 teachers, 1 REO and 1 DEO). The methods of data collection were interviews (with heads of schools, REO and DEO) and focus group discussion with teachers. Data was analysed thematically. The result shows that there are few women in leadership due to lacking support from family to the society level. Furthermore, poor working environments, witchcraft and superstitious beliefs were also observed to scare female teachers away from taking leadership posts in rural areas. Inappropriate procedures for appointing heads of secondary schools also cause women to be few in leadership. This calls for serious affirmative actions like sensitization programmes on gender equality which should be embedded in the education curriculum to make children aware from low level of education about the importance of having women leaders in secondary schools. Also, teamwork is needed to unlock the hegemonic culture that dominates Tanzanian societies.
RECENT ANALYSIS OF SEWAGE TREATMENT PLAN (STP) USING BLUE-GREEN ALGAE
Authors:   Professor, Department of Biomedical, Sri Shakthi Institute of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore., Dooslin Mercy Bai V. , Kousik Saravana S. ,   UG-Student, Department of Biomedical, Sri Shakthi Institute of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore.
Published: June 2023

Wastewater treatment and recycling using Spirulina algae have become increasingly popular in recent years due to its potential to address a range of environmental and nutritional challenges (3). The primary objective of this approach is to use wastewater as a nutrient source for Spirulina algae cultivation and then harvest the algae as a feed for both Plants and animals. In this Research, we will discuss in detail the various objectives of wastewater treatment recycling using Spirulina algae and how it can help promote sustainable development(3). One of the primary objectives of using Spirulina algae to treat wastewater is to promote environmental sustainability(1). Wastewater treatment is crucial to reducing the environmental impact of untreated wastewater, which can harm aquatic life and pollute water bodies. By using Spirulina algae as a means of treating wastewater, we can reduce the level of harmful pollutants in the water and promote a healthier ecosystem(2). Spirulina algae can absorb and metabolize a range of contaminants, including nitrogen and phosphorus, which are often found in wastewater. As a result, using Spirulina algae for wastewater treatment can help reduce the level of pollutants released into the environment, ultimately promoting a more sustainable and healthier ecosystem. Another significant objective of using Spirulina algae to treat wastewater is to promote nutritional benefits. Spirulina is a highly nutritious food source that is rich in protein, vitamins, and minerals.(4) By cultivating Spirulina using wastewater and then using the harvested algae as a food source, we can provide a sustainable and nutritious food source that can benefit both human health and the environment. Spirulina has been shown to have numerous health benefits, including reducing inflammation, boosting the immune system, and improving digestive health. Additionally, Spirulina is an excellent source of protein, making it an ideal food source for vegetarians and vegans. Moreover, the use of Spirulina algae for wastewater treatment and recycling can help promote economic development.(5) Spirulina cultivation can be a profitable business opportunity, particularly in areas where water and other resources are scarce. (6)Additionally, the use of Spirulina algae for wastewater treatment can help reduce the costs associated with traditional wastewater treatment methods. As a result, using Spirulina algae for wastewater treatment and recycling can create new economic opportunities while also promoting sustainable development.
SPIRITUALITY, HOPE AND WISDOM IN CANCER PATIENTS
Authors:   Student (Ma, Clicnical Psychology), Amity Institute Of Psychology And Allied Sciences, Amity University Noida., Verma Anushka , Biswal Waraich Sushmita ,   Associate Professor, Amity Institute Of Psychology And Allied Sciences, Amity University Noida.
Published: June 2023

Cancer can start almost anywhere in the human body, which is made up of trillions of cells. Normally, human cells grow and multiply (through a process called cell division) to form new cells as the body needs them. When cells grow old or become damaged, they die, and new cells take their place. Sometimes this orderly process breaks down, and abnormal or damaged cells grow and multiply when they shouldnt. These cells may form tumors, which are lumps of tissue. Tumors can be cancerous or not cancerous (benign). Cancerous tumors spread into, or invade, nearby tissues and can travel to distant places in the body to form new tumors (a process called metastasis). Cancerous tumors may also be called malignant tumors.
Challenges and the Opportunities of Community-Based Innovation in Indonesia
Authors: Fajarini Putu Franciska , Okdinawati Liane
Published: June 2023

The research examined the challenges and opportunities of community-based innovation in Indonesia by conducting a case study in the Petani Muda Keren (PMK) Bali Community, a pilot community for innovative farming development in Bali province. In addition, the research also provided a knowledge transfer mechanism in the community to explore how innovation diffusion happens in the community. As a group of people with a common interest and mission, a farmer’s community could be an effective place for innovation diffusion by offering emotional support to handle psychosocial issues. Moreover, it could construct its members’ perceptions of technology through social shaping processes. A qualitative case study was applied in the research to explore community-based innovation in Indonesia’s agriculture that highlighted Petani Muda Keren Bali Community. Through observation and in-depth interviews with the community founder and twenty farmers from five regions in Bali, the current research indicates challenges and opportunities of community-based innovation in Indonesia related to several issues, including innovation rate and farmers’ readiness, the perception gap between young and elderly farmer, the inconsistency of young members, and government support and policies to the community.
Multi-Modal Point Cloud Registration for Inspection of Industrial Components
Authors: Nooralishahi parham , Pozzer sandra , Ramos gabriel , Lopez fernando , Maldague xavier
Published: June 2023

Thermography is a Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) technology aimed at non-invasively measuring the thermal distribution of a specimen by quantifying electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths having a lower frequency than the visible light part of the spectrum. Despite some previous studies having addressed the estimation of surface and shape characterization from multiple or single active thermograms [1, 2], thermography by nature is a bi-dimensional sensing technology unable to provide information about the specimen’s texture and geometry without any preparatory process. Thus, many studies have recently focused on using multi-modal platforms to obtain extensive information about the scene. This study proposes a method to register consecutive multi-modal point clouds obtained by a novel multi-modal platform containing thermal, visible, and depth sensors. The introduced method uses the acquired point clouds to form a complete 3D model of the inspected industrial component containing thermal and texture information. Moreover, this study conducted some experiments to demonstrate the system’s capabilities and to evaluate the registration method’s effectiveness.
Passive multivariate thermography on the mitigation of corrosion under insulation
Authors: Souza marcos , Lopez fernando , Maldague xavier
Published: June 2023

Corrosion under insulation (CUI) is one of the major concerns of oil and petrochemical installations as damage evolves invisibly under insulation layers and usually revealed on the occurrence of leaking or more catastrophic failure. Methods to early detect CUI and its causes is an urgent necessity to assure safety and performance of insulated process piping. Oil and petrochemical plants are often considered explosive environments in which thermal excitation devices are forbidden. The present work aims then on the consolidation of a passive thermographic methodology to reliably detect moisture trapped under insulation layers that will cause corrosion. The proposed methodology focuses on the thermal behaviour of the piping structure during process variations and interactions with the external ambient. The partial least-squares analysis showed promising performance on separating different physical phenomena and creating cleaner images for defect detection.
Measurements of mass transfer in a microfluidic membraneless fuel cell using microscale infrared spectroscopy
Authors: Garcia M , Sommier A , Batsale J-C , Chevalier S
Published: June 2023

Microfluidic fuel cells (MFC) are micro-scale energy conversion systems where electrochemical reactions take place on two electrodes separated by an electrolyte. The mass diffusion of the reactants plays a crucial role in these reactions since it governs both the electrochemical and fuel utilization efficiency of the MFC. In this work, we measured the multi-spectral infrared absorbance in the mid infrared range (2 – 5 µm) and derived the mass diffusion coefficients for several reactants and electrolyte compounds at different temperatures. Finally, the diffusion coefficients were used to optimize operating conditions and to predict the performances of the MF
Laser-thermographic crack detection on an industrial scale
Authors: Menner philipp , Dillenz alexander , Elrikh axelle , Taglione matthieu
Published: June 2023

Flying spot thermography can be used for crack detection in metallic, ceramic and polymer components. However, many systems and applications are still limited to lab scale. The Athena system from Intercontrole/Framatome uses a rotatable laser line which is scanned collinearly with the IR camera field of view over the component surface in multiple direction to reduce the influence of emissivity. This setup now has been industrialized with state-of-the-art components and optics design to raise both the performance and the technology readiness level. This paper presents the increased performance of the LTcam system on reference samples and some applications.
Numerical modeling of static and flying spot thermography for narrow crack characterization
Authors: Rodriguez Aseguinolaza javier , Mendioroz arantza , Salazar agustin
Published: June 2023

In this work different numerical models have been developed to detect and characterize narrow cracks in high performance materials such as alloys or composites used in aeronatic or automotive industries. Two diferent methodologies have been theoretically addressed, static lock-in laser-spot thermography and the so-called flying spot thermography, which involves a relative movement between the sample and a continuous heating laser source. Both numerical models have been experimentally validated and used to feed specific inverse models able to accurately retrieve the main geometric features of cracks even in the sub-micron scale.
A comparative study of infrared, terahertz and air-coupled ultrasonic NDT for cultural heritage
Authors: Zhang hai , Lei qinqian , Sfarra stefano , Osman ahmad , Waschkies thomas , Mross andrea , Maldague xavier
Published: June 2023

This work is based on a comparative study of three Non-destructive Testing NDT techniques for the inspection of an old book that was bound in the XIXth century. Infrared thermography (IRT), terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) and air-coupled ultrasonic C-scan (ACU) were used to retrieve both damages and defects in the book cover. Then, the results were compared and analysed; in addition, specific defects were determined and explained via a comparison. Advanced image processing techniques were applied in order to highlight the shapes of subsurface features.
Non-invasive analysis with dynamic infrared thermography to calculate dry matter in Hass avocado via neural networks
Authors: Medina milton , Bustamante-Mejía jenniffer
Published: June 2023

By using dynamic infrared thermography was possible to obtain the percentage of dry matter in Hass avocado fruits. Two groups were worked on the fruits, one of them was stimulated with a high-power laser and the other one with halogen lamps. Were acquired more than 17000 images during the cooling stage in 300 fruits. An algorithm constructed previously in Matlab allowed segmenting the registered images in order to extract statistical characteristics with which a neural network model was trained to quantify the dry matter.
Motyw podróży jako element narracji tanecznej – próba rekonesansu zjawiska w świetle wybranych tematów spektakli baletowych XVIII wieku
Authors: Reglińska-Jemioł Anna
Published: June 2023

The art of ballet in the Enlightenment era was a perfect tool of socio-cultural communication. It has fulfilled the curiosity of knowledge of “new worlds”, also referring to images preserved in the audience’s memory thanks to earlier readings (thepopular topic was the theme of Telemachus’ voyage). Moreover, introducing exoticelements, foreshadowed the upcoming changes in the form of stage presentation. Theliterary record of ballet landscapes, remained on the pages of the librettos, exists asan important source for research into the history of theater, as well as a testimonyto the culture and aesthetics of the age of lights.
Взаимодействие H-волны с тонким металлическим слоем с обобщенными граничными условиями
Authors: Завитаев Э.В. , Симонова Т.Э. , Уткин А.И.
Published: June 2023

The incidence of electromagnetic H-wave on the thin metal layer at the angle of theta is considered, taking into account the dependence of the specularity coefficients on the surfaces of the thin layer q1 and q2 on the angle of incidence of electrons. The behavior of reflection, transmission and absorption coefficients depending on the thickness of the thin layer is analyzed. The obtained results are compared with experimental data.
Оценка тока разряда и извлекаемого тока из пеннинговского ионного источника
Authors: Лобов М.С. , Мамедов И.М. , Мамедов Н.В. , Пресняков А.Ю. , Зверев В.И. , Юрков Д.И.
Published: June 2023

A Penning ion source for a miniature linear accelerator is investigated. A discharge current dependence on the anode voltage for several pressure values is calculated. The estimates are based partly on simplified theoretical models, partly on experimental data obtained on previous work. The ion current component is selected from the obtained dependences and the ion current component value, extracted from the ion source, is estimated. The extracted current dependences and the ion extraction efficiency coefficient value on the voltage at the anode at different source output aperture diameters are calculated.
Гомогенное зародышеобразование при лазерно-плазмохимическом синтезе твердых покрытий SiCN из гексаметилдисилазана
Authors: Демин В.Н. , Борисов В.О. , Бакланов А.М. , Грачев Г.Н. , Смирнов А.Л , Багаев С.Н.
Published: June 2023

Using a differential aerosol spectrometer (DSA), a study was made of the homogeneous formation of solid phase nuclei in the process of laser-plasmochemical deposition of SiCN from hexamethyldisilazane vapor in a flow of plasma-forming argon gas. It was found that the characteristic size of SiCN nanoparticles in the gas phase is in the range of 20–120 nm and depends on the HMDS vapor concentration and the total argon flow rate. The studies performed have shown that the formation of a layer of silicon carbonitride in laser plasma-chemical deposition proceeds with the formation of nuclei in the gas phase, and upon their collision with the substrate and activation by laser plasma, it leads to the formation of a solid nanostructured coating.