bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fabrication of low-cost micropatterned polydimethyl-siloxane scaffolds to organise cells in a variety of two-dimensioanl biomimetic arrangements for lab-on-chip culture platforms
Authors: Escutia-Guadarrama Lidia , Vázquez-Victorio Genaro , Martínez-Pastor David , Nieto-Rivera Brenda , Sosa-Garrocho Marcela , Macías-Silva Marina , Hautefeuille Mathieu
Published: November 2017

We present the rapid-prototyping of type I collagen micropatterns on poly-dimethylsiloxane substrates for the biomimetic confinement of cells using the combination of a surface oxidation treatment and 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane silanisation followed by glutaraldehyde crosslinking. The aim of surface treatment is to stabilise microcontact printing transfer of this natural extracellular matrix protein that usually wears out easily from poly-dimethylsiloxane, which is not suitable for biomimetic cell culture platforms and lab-on-chip applications. A low-cost CD-DVD laser was used to etch biomimetic micropatterns into acrylic sheets that were in turn replicated to poly-dimethylsiloxane slabs with the desired features. These stamps were finally inked with type I collagen for microcontact printing transfer on the culture substrates in a simple manner. Human hepatoma cells (HepG2) and rat primary hepatocytes, which do not adhere to bare poly-dimethylsiloxane, were successfully seeded and showed optimal adhesion and survival on simple protein micropatterns with a hepatic cord geometry in order to validate our technique. HepG2 cells also proliferated on the stamps. Soft and stiff poly-dimethylsiloxane layers were also tested to demonstrate that our cost-effective process is compatible with biomimetic organ-on-chip technology integrating tunable stiffness with a potential application to drug testing probes development where such cells are commonly used.
Community Translation and Oral Performance of Some Praise Psalms within the Zulu Community
Authors: Dickie June F.
Published: November 2017

There is a strong history among the Zulu community of performing praise poetry, and a passion for composing and performing poetry continues among Zulu youth today. On the other hand, the current Zulu Bible is considered by many young people to be irrelevant or difficult to read and understand. With these two factors in mind, I conducted a study in which Zulu youth were invited to participate in basic training, after which they made their own translations of various praise psalms and then performed them before a community audience using song, rap, or spoken poetry. This paper looks at the process and benefits of inviting “ordinary speakers” to participate in the translation process, and of communicating the message through oral performance. The results are encouraging and suggest the methodology could be extended to other genres of biblical text and other language groups.
Immune Abnormalities in Patients With Single Ventricle Circulation Precede the Fontan Procedure
Authors: Kovacikova Lubica , Krasnanova Veronika , Skrak Peter , Zahorec Martin , Kantorova Andrea , Semberova Jana , Bacharova Ljuba
Published: November 2017

Background:

Immune abnormalities are common in Fontan patients with protein-losing enteropathy. Limited data exist on immune function of other patients with single ventricle circulation.

Methods:

This prospective cohort study evaluated immunologic characteristics of children with single ventricle circulation from neonatal age up to early post-Fontan period.

Results:

Low leukocyte counts were observed in half of the patients prior to bidirectional Glenn and Fontan surgery. Total lymphocyte counts were below normal range in 36% to 63% of patients across all groups except patients following Fontan procedure who had normal counts. Typical lymphocyte subpopulation patterns were (1) high counts of total and helper T lymphocytes (CD3+ and CD4+ cells), low B lymphocytes (CD19+ cells), and increased CD4/CD8 ratio in neonates and (2) low T lymphocytes (CD3+, CD4+, CD8+ cells) with high natural killer cells (CD16+) and B lymphocytes (CD19+ cells) in other groups. Low preoperative total lymphocyte counts were associated with longer intensive care unit stay in patients after bidirectional Glenn and Fontan procedure ( P = .03 and P = .01, respectively) and low leukocyte counts with higher incidence of pleural effusions and chylothorax after Fontan procedure ( P = .005 and P = .002, respectively).

Conclusions:

Single ventricle patients display several immunological abnormalities. Beyond the neonatal age, an immune pattern includes CD3+, CD4+, CD8+ lymphopenia, and CD16+ and CD19+ lymphocytosis. B-cell lymphocytosis compensates T-cell lymphopenia, producing normal total lymphocyte counts in patients early after Fontan surgery. Low preoperative total lymphocyte counts may be associated with longer postoperative intensive care unit stay in patients with bidirectional Glenn and Fontan procedure and leukopenia with pleural effusions in Fontan patients.
Experience with an Acuity Adaptable Care Model for Pediatric Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Costello John M. , Preze Elizabeth , Nguyen Nguyenvu , McBride Mary E. , Collins James W. , Eltayeb Osama M. , Mongé Michael C. , Deal Barbara J. , Stephenson Michelle M. , Backer Carl L.
Published: November 2017

Background:

We describe the implementation of and outcomes associated with an acuity adaptable care model for pediatric patients undergoing cardiac surgery.

Methods:

Consecutive patients undergoing an index cardiac operation between July 2007 and June 2015 were included. From July 2007 through June 2010, a conventional model existed in which patients moved among units and care teams based on age, severity of illness, and operative status (conventional group). A transitional period existed between July 2010 and June 8, 2012 (transitional group). From June 9, 2012, through June 2015, an acuity adaptable model was used in which patients remained in the cardiac care unit and received care from the same clinical team throughout their hospitalization (acuity adaptable group).

Results:

Included were 2,363 patients: 925 in the conventional group, 520 in the transitional group, and 918 in the acuity adaptable group. In relation to the conventional group, the adjusted odds of operative mortality in the acuity adaptable group was 0.55 (95% confidence interval: 0.26-1.18; P = .12). The failure to rescue rate (ie, number of deaths in patients with any complication divided by the number of total patients with any complication) decreased (conventional group, 8.7%; acuity adaptable group, 4.2%; P = .04). In relation to the conventional group, postoperative hospital length of stay tended to be shorter in the acuity adaptable group ( P = .07).

Conclusions:

The implementation of an acuity adaptable care model was feasible in our pediatric cardiac program. The favorable associations identified between the new model and outcomes are promising but warrant confirmation in a larger, multicenter study.
Structure Follows Strategy at Bharat Petroleum
Authors: Machado Noel G. , Parambi Kurian , Venkatesan Pallavi
Published: November 2017

This case reveals the story of organizational restructuring at Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited (BPCL). The story begins in the 1990s when India’s petroleum industry was closed to private enterprise. BPCL’s chairman at that time (Sundararajan) anticipates that India’s government would deregulate the industry. He is concerned that without fundamental changes, BPCL might not survive private competition—and so, he initiates a transformation of the organization’s strategy and structure. The restructuring attempts to dismantle a command-and-control culture, and replace it by one of empowered teams. The change process is undertaken in the spirit of co-creation. The definition of ‘customer’ is altered, causing organizational boundaries to be redrawn. Such an exercise is extraordinary for its time.

The case then presents a picture of BPCL and its challenges in 2015. History seems to repeat itself, as market conditions are nearly identical to those that existed 17 years ago. What should the company do in 2015? This case has a three-fold purpose; viz. (i) to show how the structure of an organization can be aligned with its business strategy; (ii) to illustrate how organizations with a functional structure can reorganize to an ‘M-form’ or SBU structure; and (iii) to help readers consider the latent, long-term effects of restructuring.
Editorial: Stressing out mast cells via CRF1
Authors: Lyons Jonathan J , Rosenberg Helene F , Druey Kirk M
Published: November 2017

Discussion of how CRF1 activation augments systemic MC degranulation via mobilization of intracellular calcium stores, to promote gastrointestinal leakage and systemic anaphylaxis in mice.
Characterizing indeterminate (Likert-score 3/5) peripheral zone prostate lesions with PSA density, PI-RADS scoring and qualitative descriptors on multiparametric MRI
Authors: Brizmohun Appayya Mrishta , Sidhu Harbir S , Dikaios Nikolaos , Johnston Edward W , Simmons Lucy AM , Freeman Alex , Kirkham Alexander PS , Ahmed Hashim U , Punwani Shonit
Published: November 2017

Objective:

To determine whether indeterminate (Likert-score 3/5) peripheral zone (PZ) multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) studies are classifiable by prostate-specific antigen (PSA), PSA density (PSAD), Prostate Imaging Reporting And Data System version 2 (PI-RADS_v2) rescoring and morphological MRI features.

Methods:

Men with maximum Likert-score 3/5 within their PZ were retrospectively selected from 330 patients who prospectively underwent prostate mpMRI (3 T) without an endorectal coil, followed by 20-zone transperineal template prostate mapping biopsies ＋/- focal lesion-targeted biopsy. PSAD was calculated using pre-biopsy PSA and MRI-derived volume. Two readers A and B independently assessed included men with both Likert-assessment and PI-RADS_v2. Both readers then classified mpMRI morphological features in consensus. Men were divided into two groups: significant cancer (≥ Gleason 3 ＋ 4) or insignificant cancer (≤ Gleason 3 ＋ 3)/no cancer. Comparisons between groups were made separately for PSA & PSAD using Mann–Whitney test and morphological descriptors with Fisher’s exact test. PI-RADS_v2 and Likert-assessment were descriptively compared and percentage inter-reader agreement calculated.

Results:

76 males were eligible for PSA & PSAD analyses, 71 for PI-RADS scoring, and 67 for morphological assessment (excluding significant image artefacts). Unlike PSA (p = 0.915), PSAD was statistically different (p = 0.004) between the significant [median: 0.19 ng ml–  2 (interquartile range: 0.13–0.29)] and non-significant/no cancer [median: 0.13 ng ml–  2 (interquartile range: 0.10–0.17)] groups. Presence of mpMRI morphological features was not significantly different between groups. Subjective Likert-assessment discriminated patients with significant cancer better than PI-RADS_v2. Inter-reader percentage agreement was 83% for subjective Likert-assessment and 56% for PI-RADS_v2.

Conclusion:

PSAD may categorize presence of significant cancer in patients with Likert-scored 3/5 PZ mpMRI findings.

Advances in knowledge:

PSAD may be used in indeterminate PZ mpMRI to guide decisions between biopsy vs monitoring.
MicroRNA dynamics at the onset of primordial germ and somatic cell sex differentiation during mouse embryonic gonad development
Authors: Fernández-Pérez Daniel , Brieño-Enríquez Miguel A. , Isoler-Alcaraz Javier , Larriba Eduardo , del Mazo Jesús
Published: November 2017

In mammals, commitment and specification of germ cell lines involves complex programs that include sex differentiation, control of proliferation, and meiotic initiation. Regulation of these processes is genetically controlled by fine-tuned mechanisms of gene regulation in which microRNAs (miRNAs) are involved. We have characterized, by small-RNA-seq and bioinformatics analyses, the miRNA expression patterns of male and female mouse primordial germ cells (PGCs) and gonadal somatic cells at embryonic stages E11.5, E12.5, and E13.5. Differential expression analyses revealed differences in the regulation of key miRNA clusters such as miR-199-214, miR-182-183-96, and miR-34c-5p, whose targets have defined roles during gonadal sexual determination in both germ and somatic cells. Extensive analyses of miRNA sequences revealed an increase in noncanonical isoforms on PGCs at E12.5 and dramatic changes of 3′ isomiR expression and 3′ nontemplate nucleotide additions in female PGCs at E13.5. Additionally, RT-qPCR analyses of genes encoding proteins involved in miRNA biogenesis and 3′ nucleotide addition uncovered sexually and developmentally specific expression, characterized by the decay of Drosha, Dgcr8, and Xpo5 expression along gonadal development. These results demonstrate that miRNAs, their isomiRs, and miRNA machinery are differentially regulated and participate actively in gonadal sexual differentiation in both PGCs and gonadal somatic cells.
Using bio.tools to generate and annotate workbench tool descriptions
Authors: Hillion Kenzo-Hugo , Kuzmin Ivan , Khodak Anton , Rasche Eric , Crusoe Michael , Peterson Hedi , Ison Jon , Ménager Hervé
Published: November 2017

Workbench and workflow systems such as Galaxy, Taverna, Chipster, or Common Workflow Language (CWL)-based frameworks, facilitate the access to bioinformatics tools in a user-friendly, scalable and reproducible way. Still, the integration of tools in such environments remains a cumbersome, time consuming and error-prone process. A major consequence is the incomplete or outdated description of tools that are often missing important information, including parameters and metadata such as publication or links to documentation. ToolDog (Tool DescriptiOn Generator) facilitates the integration of tools - which have been registered in the ELIXIR tools registry (https://bio.tools) - into workbench environments by generating tool description templates. ToolDog includes two modules. The first module analyses the source code of the bioinformatics software with language-specific plugins, and generates a skeleton for a Galaxy XML or CWL tool description. The second module is dedicated to the enrichment of the generated tool description, using metadata provided by bio.tools. This last module can also be used on its own to complete or correct existing tool descriptions with missing metadata.
Impact of detecting potentially serious incidental findings during multi-modal imaging
Authors: Gibson Lorna M , Littlejohns Thomas J , Adamska Ligia , Garratt Steve , Doherty Nicola ,   UK Biobank Imaging Working Group, Wardlaw Joanna M , Maskell Giles , Parker Michael , Brownsword Roger , Matthews Paul M , Collins Rory , Allen Naomi E , Sellors Jonathan , Sudlow Cathie LM
Published: November 2017

Background: There are limited data on the impact of feedback of incidental findings (IFs) from research imaging.  We evaluated the impact of UK Biobank’s protocol for handling potentially serious IFs in a multi-modal imaging study of 100,000 participants (radiographer ‘flagging’ with radiologist confirmation of potentially serious IFs) compared with systematic radiologist review of all images.

Methods: Brain, cardiac and body magnetic resonance, and dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry scans from the first 1000 imaged UK Biobank participants were independently assessed for potentially serious IFs using both protocols. We surveyed participants with potentially serious IFs and their GPs up to six months after imaging to determine subsequent clinical assessments, final diagnoses, emotional, financial and work or activity impacts.

Results: Compared to systematic radiologist review, radiographer flagging resulted in substantially fewer participants with potentially serious IFs (179/1000 [17.9%] versus 18/1000 [1.8%]) and a higher proportion with serious final diagnoses (21/179 [11.7%] versus 5/18 [27.8%]). Radiographer flagging missed 16/21 serious final diagnoses (i.e., false negatives), while systematic radiologist review generated large numbers of non-serious final diagnoses (158/179) (i.e., false positives). Almost all (90%) participants had further clinical assessment (including invasive procedures in similar numbers with serious and non-serious final diagnoses [11 and 12 respectively]), with additional impact on emotional wellbeing (16.9%), finances (8.9%), and work or activities (5.6%).

Conclusions: Compared with systematic radiologist review, radiographer flagging missed some serious diagnoses, but avoided adverse impacts for many participants with non-serious diagnoses. While systematic radiologist review may benefit some participants, UK Biobank’s responsibility to avoid both unnecessary harm to larger numbers of participants and burdening of publicly-funded health services suggests that radiographer flagging is a justifiable approach in the UK Biobank imaging study. The potential scale of non-serious final diagnoses raises questions relating to handling IFs in other settings, such as commercial and public health screening.
INFLUENCE OF LATE FODDER CROPS ON THE STANDING DENSITY OF SWEET CLOVER PLANTS
Authors: Григорьев Константин , Grigor'ev Konstantin , Балыкин Алексей , Balykin Aleksey , Шашкаров Леонид , Shashkarov Leonid
Published: November 2017

The article discusses the questions of cover crop cultures influence on a density of standing of sweet clover plants. Maize, Sudan grass and millet are the most suitable for the sweet clover among late cover crops, which are developing very slowly in the spring and very early release the sweet clover from shading. Field germination, the number of seedlings obtained from the number of seeds sown in our field experiments during all the years of research was higher under the cover of maize and amounted to 38.4-39.2%, in millet and Sudan grass it was no higher than 37.6-38.8% and 37.5-37.9%. The greatest completeness of the seadling during all the years of research was during the early period sowing of sweet clover without covering, and on average for 2012-2015 it was more than 45.4%. The preservation of sweet clover up to the cut was largely dependent on meteorological conditions and amounted to 55.7-66.7, in more favorable weather conditions the safety of sweet clover plants was more higher and amounted to 72.9-82.8%. The resistance of the yellow sweet clover plants to the number of unfavorable weather conditions during overwintering was quite high in our experiments, and on average for all the years of research the winter hardiness was 44.3-88.1%. Late fodder cover crops, such as annual millet, Sudan grass and maize, oppressing yellow sweet clover, significantly reduced its safety. The greatest decrease in the safety of yellow sweet clover was revealed under the cover of Sudan grass, which, unlike other cover crops, was more oppressed the clover plant both in the initial growth phases and for the whole vegetation period of plants and the preservation of the sweet clover plants was 62.2%. In the variant under the cover of maize, which was much less oppressed plants, the sweet clover provided the best preservation of plants with 69.5%.
Structural Role Complementarity in Entrepreneurial Teams
Authors: Aven Brandy , Hillmann Henning
Published: November 2017

To refine the understanding of the social network characteristics of entrepreneurial teams, we present a new construct: structural role complementarity. In particular, we examine the variation between team members’ respective abilities to act as network brokers. Based on the cofounding networks of 9,461 entrepreneurs and 2,446 large-scale industrial enterprises over 45 years in Russia’s emerging economy (1869–1913), our findings show that variation among team members’ brokering ability significantly predicts the starting capital raised by their firm. The effect is moderated by the team’s average brokering potential. When both the team’s average and variation in brokering potential is high, firms raise greater starting capital. By using multiple membership models, we demonstrate that greater starting capital is largely attributable to team factors rather than the attributes of the individual team members. We also take advantage of discriminatory laws that were passed in 1887 in an instrumental variable analysis to address potential endogeneity issues.

The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2017.2874 .

This paper was accepted by Olav Sorenson, organizations.
Early wound infection identification using the WIRE tool in community health care settings: An audit report
Authors: Siaw-Sakyi Vincent
Published: November 2017

Wound infection is proving to be a challenge for health care professionals. The associated complications and cost of wound infection is immense and can lead to death in extreme cases. Current management of wound infection is largely subjective and relies on the knowledge of the health care professional to identify and initiate treatment. In response, we have developed an infection prediction and assessment tool. The Wound Infection Risk-Assessment and Evaluation tool (WIRE) and its management strategy is a tool with the aim to bring objectivity to infection prediction, assessment and management. A local audit carried out indicated a high infection prediction rate. More work is being done to improve its effectiveness.
Script development and academic research
Authors: Price Steven
Published: November 2017

This article seeks to bring screenwriting research and screenwriting practice studies into closer proximity. It outlines arguments for seeing them as distinct fields, but suggests that doing so has contributed towards significant misunderstandings between practitioners and researchers. They are united in relying on both textual and non-textual materials, including anecdotal and first-person testimony; they face common problems in aligning these materials with traditional scholarly standards and overcoming the fragmentation of a field that is currently dominated by individual case studies; and they share some of the methodological and theoretical concerns of adaptation studies, with the term ‘script development’ itself risking the marginalization of intermedial and non-linear iterations. It concludes that collaboration between practitioners and researchers is essential if the study of script development is to flourish.
Práticas Integrativas e Complementares no cuidado à saúde mental e aos usuários de drogas
Authors: Souza e Souza Luís Paulo , Teixeira Fernanda Lílian , Diniz Adriane Pinto , Souza Antônia Gonçalves de , Delgado Luiz Henrique Viana , Vaz André Marinho , Vieira Paulo Mauricio de Oliveira , Rodriguez Patrícia Silva
Published: November 2017

Objetivou-se compreender o papel das práticas integrativas na promoção da saúde mental e no cuidado aos usuários de álcool e outras drogas. Revisão integrativa nas bases do Portal da CAPES e Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde. Selecionaram-se 18 artigos em português, disponíveis gratuitamente. As práticas contribuíram para a redução da ansiedade e sentimentos negativos; aumento do humor, prazer, estímulo para atividades laborais e interação usuário-profissional. Surgiram como estratégias que promovem melhor enfrentamento no uso abusivo de álcool e outras drogas; apoio nas recaídas; permitindo sentimentos que levem à diminuição da ansiedade e à redução do uso de drogas. Torna-se essencial a oficialização das discussões sobre as práticas integrativas, estimulando os profissionais a desconstruírem o velho conceito de que saúde só é feita a partir de práticas convencionais e socialmente aceitas, instituindo um pensamento novo e integral, indo de encontro aos preceitos do Sistema Único de Saúde.
Percepção de mães de recém-nascidos prematuros sobre o cuidado intensivo neonatal
Authors: Palmarella Neto Mauro , Gomes da Silva Valéria , Pires Dutra Laisla
Published: November 2017

O objetivo do estudo foi conhecer a percepção de mães de recém-nascidos prematuros sobre o cuidado intensivo neonatal. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, descritivo e exploratório, realizado com 9 mães de filhos internados em unidades de cuidado intensivo neonatal. As participantes responderam um questionário biosociodemográfico e posteriormente foi solicitado que realizassem um desenho representando seus sentimentos durante o período de internação. Para análise dos dados foi realizado a técnica de análise de conteúdo das histórias temáticas e análise do grafismo. Os resultados foram descritos através da caracterização das mães e a percepção das mesmas sobre o processo de internamento no cuidado intensivo neonatal apresentado em 2 categorias, a primeira:  os sentimentos maternos vivenciados durante a hospitalização do filho na unidade de terapia intensiva neonatal, e a segunda: espiritualidade e crenças religiosas. Conclui-se que essa fase do internamento submete as mães a vários sentimentos, seja eles bons e ruins.
Prevalensi dan jenis masalah emosional dan perilaku pada anak usia 9-11 tahun dengan perawakan pendek di Kabupaten Brebes
Authors: Rahmadi Farid Agung , Hardaningsih Galuh , Pratiwi Rina
Published: November 2017

Latar belakang. Diperkirakan prevalensi masalah emosional dan perilaku pada anak adalah sebesar 20%. Terdapat berbagai macam jenis masalah emosional dan perilaku seperti gangguan emosi, gangguan perilaku, hiperaktif, dan masalah dengan teman sebaya. Masalah emosional dan perilaku dipengaruhi oleh multifaktor yang masing-masing dapat berdiri sendiri atau saling mempengaruhi. Nutrisi dan stimulasi yang adekuat sebagai dasar perkembangan anak wajib diberikan secara optimal. Perawakan pendek merupakan salah satu bentuk dari gangguan nutrisi kronik yang dapat menimbulkan berbagai macam masalah emosional dan perilaku pada anak. Mengingat penatalaksanaan masalah emosional dan perilaku tidak dapat dilaksanakan sebelum dilakukannya identifikasi jenis masalah emosional dan perilaku, maka identifkasi jenis masalah  emosional dan perilaku penting untuk dilakukan.Tujuan penelitian. Mengetahui prevalensi dan  jenis masalah emosional dan perilaku yang terjadi pada anak dengan perawakan pendek.Metode penelitian. Merupakan penelitian observasional deskriptif. Penelitian dilakukan di beberapa sekolah dasar di Kabupaten Brebes. Subyek penelitian adalah anak berperawakan pendek umur 9-11 tahun. Variabel yang diteliti adalah masalah emosional dan perilaku pada anak perwakan pendek menggunakan kuesioner SDQ. Hasil Penelitian. Sebanyak 70 anak perawakan pendek terdiri dari 30(42.85%) anak perempuan, dengan rerata umur subyek 121.14±6.62 bulan. Subyek  dengan nilai total kesulitan abnormal sebanyak 6(8%) dan borderline 28(40%). Skala gangguan emosi abnormal sebanyak 17(24.2%) dan borderline 12(17.1%). Subyek dengan skala masalah perilaku abnormal sebanyak 19(27.1%) dan borderline sebanyak 21(30%). Subyek  dengan skor masalah dengan teman sebaya dalam klasifikasi abnormal sebanyak 23(32.8%) dan borderline 18(25.7%).Simpulan. Prevalensi masalah emosional dan perilaku yang terjadi pada anak dengan perawakan pendek lebih tinggi daripada prevalensi masalah emosional dan perilaku pada populasi anak normal. Urutan jenis masalah yang paling tinggi adalah masalah dengan teman sebaya, kemampuan prososial yang kurang, masalah perilaku dan emosi.
Pengaruh suplementasi spirulina terhadap beberapa parameter sindrom metabolik (studi di puskesmas lebdosari kota semarang)
Authors: Sakti Mayta , SS Darmono , W Nyoman Suci
Published: November 2017

Latar belakang : Sindrom metabolik adalah kumpulan kelainan metabolik lipid maupun non-lipid yang merupakan faktor risiko penyakit kardiovaskuler, meliputi obesitas sentral, dislipidemia, hipertensi, dan hiperglikemia kronis. Spirulina mengandung beberapa bahan aktif terutama phycocyanin dan β karoten yang memiliki aktivitas antioksidan dan antiinflamasi. Suplementasi spirulina mempunyai aktivitas biologis seperti mencegah penyakit akibat perlemakan hati, menurunkan kadar glukosa darah, profil lipid, serta menurunkan tekanan darah.Tujuan : Menganalisis pengaruh suplementasi spirulina terhadap beberapa parameter sindrom metabolik meliputi tekanan darah (TD), kadar glukosa darah puasa (GDP), kadar trigliserida (TG), dan kadar kolesterol HDL.Metode : Desain penelitian ini adalah quasi experimental dengan control group design. Subjek sejumlah 39 pasien dibagi menjadi kelompok kontrol (n=19) dan kelompok perlakuan (n=20) secara acak. Intervensi berupa suplementasi spirulina sebanyak 3 gram selama 4 minggu. Kadar GDP, kadar TG, kadar kolesterol HDL, dan TD diukur sebelum dan sesudah intervensi. Hasil : Kadar GDP pada kelompok kontrol menurun secara signifikan (p=0.000), tetapi tidak ada perubahan pada TD, kadar TG, dan kadar kolesterol HDL. Kadar GDP (p=0,005), TG (p=0.040), dan TD sistolik (p=0.010) menurun secara signifikan tetapi perubahan kadar kolesterol HDL (p=0,970) dan TD diastolik (p=0,655) tidak signifikan pada kelompok perlakuan.Simpulan : Suplementasi spirulina selama 4 minggu menurunkan kadar glukosa darah, kadar TG, serta TD sistolik. Namun, tidak berpengaruh pada kadar kolesterol HDL dan TD diastolik.
The Case for the Stateless Society: Law
Authors: Chamberlin Antón , Block Walter E.
Published: November 2017

What is the argument against government? There are several. For one thing, there is automatic exit for failure: businesses that do not earn a profit go bankrupt, and their resources tend to migrate to other, more effective, managers. For another, entrepreneurs operate with their own funds, or those voluntarily entrusted to them. This does not apply to bureaucrats and politicians, in sharp contrast. Perhaps most important, in the case of each and every commercial interaction in the market, buying, selling, renting, lending, borrowing, there is mutual gain at least in the ex ante sense of anticipations, and usually ex post, after the trade, as well. This rarely occurs under statism, at least not with regard to its source of funds, taxation, since it is not voluntary. An exception would be the relatively unimportant cases in which a consumer purchases something from the government, such as a ticket to cross a bridge, or a producer sells something to this organization, such as an airplane. The present paper is an attempt to elaborate upon this considerations.
Land Register Entry as the Condition for Real Estate Transactions and Investments
Authors: Babić Marko
Published: November 2017

This article deals mostly with land registers. It demonstrates clearly what is the significance of this legal element in continental European legal systems especially those who follow Germanic legal tradition (like Croatia). As such, land registers provide legal certainty and transparency which are highly desired and valued among potential business investors. Therefore, we may rightly award it with cornerstone status within the law of real property.
Tagging juvenile European perch (Perca fluviatilis L.) with passive integrated transponders (PIT) – impact on growth, condition, and physiological indexes
Authors: Zakęś Zdzisław , Rożyński Maciej , Ziomek Elżbieta , Demska-Zakęś Krystyna
Published: November 2017

The aim of the study was to determine the impact of intramuscular tagging with passive integrated transponders (PIT tags) on the basic condition and hematological and biochemical indexes of the blood plasma of juvenile European perch (initial body weight of approximately 80 g). Throughout the observation period, i.e., for 42 days following PIT implantation, the procedure was not noted to have had a negative impact on fish growth, condition, or feed conversion ratio. The blood plasma biochemical indicators analyzed did not differ statistically significantly between the fish tagged with PIT and the untagged control group. No significant impact from this procedure was noted in the hematological indexes tested. Only with regard to the mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) parameter was the value significantly lower in the fish tagged with PIT than in the control group (P ≤ 0.05). The difference determined was 1.40 pg (28.78 vs. 30.18). The MCH level in the fish tagged with PIT most probably was within the norm for this species. High tag retention (100%) and the lack of any significant impact on condition or hematological and biochemical indexes (with the exception of MCH) permits recommending this tagging method for use in juvenile perch.
New atlas of open star clusters
Authors: Seleznev Anton F. , Avvakumova Ekaterina , Kulesh Maxim , Filina Julia , Tsaregorodtseva Polina , Kvashnina Alvira
Published: November 2017

Due to numerous new discoveries of open star clusters in the last two decades, astronomers need an easy-touse resource to get visual information on the relative position of clusters in the sky. Therefore we propose a new atlas of open star clusters. It is based on a table compiled from the largest modern cluster catalogues. The atlas shows the positions and sizes of 3291 clusters and associations, and consists of two parts. The first contains 108 maps of 12 by 12 degrees with an overlapping of 2 degrees in three strips along the Galactic equator. The second one is an online web application, which shows a square field of an arbitrary size, either in equatorial coordinates or in galactic coordinates by request. The atlas is proposed for the sampling of clusters and cluster stars for further investigation. Another use is the identification of clusters among overdensities in stellar density maps or among stellar groups in images of the sky.
Dental Cements
Authors: Angelescu Nicolae , Bratu Vasile , Stoian Elena Valentina , Ungureanu Dan Nicolae , Gurban Ana-Maria
Published: November 2017

Calcium-phosphate cements is one of the most popular types of biomaterials, both due to their specific properties of self - setting and of their superior biocompatibility.

Although in general the phosphocalcic cements, which are the subject of the present paper, have somewhat lower mechanical properties than other biomaterials based on calcium and phosphorus, or even other dental cements of the same nature. The ceramic compositions presented in the present paper constitute a special category of biomaterials due to other notable advantages that characterize them. Thus, this category of materials is defined by a near-perfect adaptation to the surface of the biological tissue, as well as by a convenient resorption rate, processes followed by the generation of optimal bone formation. In this paper are presented principles of realization of the calcium-phosphate cements (raw materials and conditions of production), as well as the properties of these biomaterials, insisting, in particular, on the chemistry of the setting reactions. At the same time, informations regarding the possibilities of clinical use, such as implants are presented.
Teaching with New Critics
Authors: Pokrivčák Anton
Published: November 2017

Anglo-American New Criticism was one of the most important movements in the twentieth century literary theories. It stressed the objectivity of a literary work of art and claimed that literary critics as well as teachers should concentrate, primarily, on the text, its linguistic structures and the ambiguities of meaning resulting from them, and only secondarily on the text´s extraliterary relationships. After the New Critics´ popularity in the early decades of the last century, in its second part they were refused as pure formalists, supposedly unable to see the real nature of a literary work in its social circumstances. The article attempts to reassess New Criticism as a movement which contributed significantly to the reading and teaching literature and claims that their importance has not diminished even in the twenty-first century.
Herbs as a source of nutrition for flower-visiting hoverflies (Diptera, Syrphidae)
Authors: Wojciechowicz-Żytko Elżbieta , Jankowska Beata
Published: November 2017

During two seasons of observations, 244 specimens of hoverflies belonging to 16 species and four trophic groups were collected from herb flowers. Predatory species constituted about 50% of all the registered species and from 55% (2010) to 64% (2011) of all the specimens found. The most numerous flower-visiting species within this group were small, poor flyers, typical of communities with low plants - Sphaerophoria scripta (Linnaeus 1758) (19.6% in 2010 and 23.5% in 2011) and Eupeodes corollae (Fabricius 1794) (13.4% and 12.1%, respectively). Both species were classified to the eudominant group. Syrphus vitripennis (Meigen 1822) and Melanostoma mellinum (Linnaeus 1758) were classed as dominants. Non-predatory saprophagous species from the subfamily Eristalinae constituted about 25% of all collected species; the phytophagous group was scarce represented by Eumerus funeralis (Meigen 1822), E. strigatus (Fallen 1817) and Merodon rufus (Meigen 1838). Of the coprophagous species, only Syritta pipiens (Linnaeus 1758) was collected (6.8-8.0%). There were clear differences between flowers in terms of feeding visits by adult hoverflies. Matricaria chamomilla L. and Thymus vulgaris L. were the most attractive flowers, whereas Origanum vulgare L., Carum carvi L., Lavandula angustifolia L. and Hyssopus officinalis L. were of an intermediate visit status and Ocimum basilicum L. was relatively under-visited.
Adjectival antonyms in discourse: A corpus study of scalar and complementary antonyms
Authors: Kostić Nataša
Published: November 2017

In the structuralist view, the distinction between scalar and complementary adjectival antonyms plays an important role in definitions and classifications of antonyms. Scalar adjectival antonyms are gradable and can be combined with degree modifiers (
The perception of sandhi-blocking in Polish vowel-initial words
Authors: Schwartz Geoffrey
Published: November 2017

This paper presents data from two experiments on the perception of phrase-medial word-initial vowels in Polish. Previous research has suggested that Polish resembles German in its resistance to the types of
“Both close and distant”: Experiments of form and the medieval in contemporary literature
Authors: von Contzen Eva
Published: November 2017

This paper argues that some postmodern experimental forms of plot and narrative structure can be thrown into sharper relief by delineating them with medieval narrative practices of plot development. Ali Smith’s 2014 novelHow to be bothoffers an experimental plot that is shaped by the alterity and modernity of medieval and Renaissance art. Drawing on the technique of fresco painting, the novel narrativizes the experience of simultaneity created by recollections of the past in the present. The novel’s two narrative strands – one set in contemporary England, the other in fifteenth-century Italy – are linked in associative and cross-temporal ways and highlight individual experience. Bearing similarities to medieval episodic narratives, the novel maximizes an a-centric narrative design that capitalizes on the reader’s input in motivating the story. Subsequently,Tokyo cancelled(2005) by Rana Dasgupta is briefly discussed as another example of a postmodern novel reminiscent of medieval narrative practices: in this tale collection held together by a very loose framework, plot itself becomes the protagonist as an epitome of modern society’s loss of identity.
On the boundedness of Marcinkiewicz integrals on continual variable exponent Herz spaces
Authors: Meskhi Alexander , Rafeiro Humberto , Zaighum Muhammad Asad
Published: November 2017

In this paper, we obtain the boundedness of the Marcinkiewicz integral on continual Herz spaces with variable exponent, where all parameters defining the space are variable.
The Position of Muslim Pupils in Discourses at German Schools: Two Accounts
Authors: Willems Joachim
Published: November 2017

The article analyses two interview extracts with the focus on the social and discursive position of Muslim students in German schools. With Pierre Bourdieu and Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak, the author asks if these Muslim students can “speak”. It can be demonstrated that the interviewed students do not have the opportunity to express in specific situations their perspectives and opinions within the hegemonic discourses in their school and in society, respectively. In his concluding remarks the author discusses consequences for schools as “safe spaces” and emphasises the duty of teachers to consider their position within hegemonic discourses and societal power relations.
Calibration of numerical models based on advanced optimization and penalization techniques
Authors: Karban Pavel , Pánek David , Mach František , Doležel Ivo
Published: November 2017

A new approach to estimation of unknown material parameters and boundary conditions of physical models was developed. The approach is based on processing measured data by advanced optimization techniques connected with penalization. The data are supposed to be in the form of random variables with normal probability distributions. Several examples were calculated proving the strength of the proposed algorithm.
In silico analysis of virulence associated genes in genomes of Escherichia coli strains causing colibacillosis in poultry
Authors: Kołsut Joanna , Borówka Paulina , Marciniak Błażej , Wójcik Ewelina , Wojtasik Arkadiusz , Strapagiel Dominik , Dastych Jarosław
Published: November 2017

Introduction: Colibacillosis – the most common disease of poultry, is caused mainly by avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC). However, thus far, no pattern to the molecular basis of the pathogenicity of these bacteria has been established beyond dispute. In this study, genomes of APEC were investigated to ascribe importance and explore the distribution of 16 genes recognised as their virulence factors.

Material and Methods: A total of 14 pathogenic for poultry E. coli strains were isolated, and their DNA was sequenced, assembled de novo, and annotated. Amino acid sequences from these bacteria and an additional 16 freely available APEC amino acid sequences were analysed with the DIFFIND tool to define their virulence factors.

Results: The DIFFIND tool enabled quick, reliable, and convenient assessment of the differences between compared amino acid sequences from bacterial genomes. The presence of 16 protein sequences indicated as pathogenicity factors in poultry resulted in the generation of a heatmap which categorises genomes in terms of the existence and similarity of the analysed protein sequences.

Conclusion: The proposed method of detection of virulence factors using the capabilities of the DIFFIND tool may be useful in the analysis of similarities of E. coli and other sequences deriving from bacteria. Phylogenetic analysis resulted in reliable segregation of 30 APEC strains into five main clusters containing various virulence associated genes (VAGs).
‘In My Opinion the Best Book on the Polish-Soviet War’: The Paris Edition of Stanisław Rembek’s In the Field
Authors: Urbanowski Maciej
Published: November 2017

This article reconstructs the publishing history of the 1958 Paris edition of Stanisław Rembek’s novel W polu (In the Field), probably the best literary portrayal of the Polish-Soviet War 1920-1921. Originally published in 1937, it could not be reissued in the communist-ruled Poland after the war. That is why Rembek decided to have it published by the Instytut Literacki in Paris. The article recounts both the history of that publication on the basis of the correspondence between the author and Jerzy Giedroyc, and the dramatic consequences it had for Rembek who lived all that time in Poland.
Nineteenth Century Writers on Poland’s History in the Context of National Identity: Mickiewicz – Kraszewski – Norwid
Authors: Woźniewska-Działak Magdalena
Published: November 2017

This study is part of a larger project focused on the 19th-century understanding of national identity, Polishness, the idea of a community and the idea of a state. The article examines some historiographic texts of Adam Mickiewicz’s First Series of Lectures on Slavic Literature (December 1840–June 1841), Józef Ignacy Kraszewski’s Lectures on Civilisation in Poland (1861) and Cyprian Norwid’s ‘Boga-Rodzica’ [Bogurodzica] – a literary-historical interpretation (1873). Although these writers held widely opposed views, their portrayals of Poland’s history seem to have a lot in common. The texts analyzed here are remarkably consistent in their representations of Poland, the nation and the state, on its long historic road before the fatal partitions; they also show the importance of the Age of the Piasts and the Age of the Jagiellons for the 19th-century reflection on Polish identity.
Callimachean ‘Lyric’
Authors: Acosta-Hughes Benjamin , Stephens Susan A.
Published: November 2017

The present paper considers how Callimachus incorporates archaic lyric forms in new articulations in his poems. Despite writing in stichic rather than strophic meters, Callimachus works the epinician, the threnos and the paean into elegiac and hexametric works. In some cases, such as the
Lyricism in Hellenistic Epigram
Authors: Gutzwiller Kathryn
Published: November 2017

The paper explores the lyrical qualities of Hellenistic epigram not only by linking it to the lyric poems and tropes of the past but primarily by drawing on the modern understanding of lyric as genre or mode. Taking as a point of departure the notion of lyric subjectivity, it discusses the degree to which the poet’s voice is involved in the different types of epigram, namely dedicatory, sepulchral and erotic. An in-depth reading of selected epigrams from the
Interspecific Interactions as a Factor of Limitation of Geographical Distribution: Evidence Obtained by Modeling Home Ranges of Vole Twin Species Microtus Arvalis – M. Levis (Rodentia, Microtidae)
Authors: Mezhzherin S. V. , Lashkova E. I. , Kozinenko I. I. , Rashevskaya A. V. , Tytar V. M.
Published: November 2017

Based on the maximum entropy modeling algorithm and using 12 environmental variables, we modeled the distribution of the vole twin species Microtus arvalis and M. levis, with particular attention to regions where the species overlap. For both species models performances were considered “excellent” (AUC > 0.9), although some occurrences appeared in areas of low habitat suitability, whereas in some areas of predicted high habitat suitability there were no occurrences. Apparently, both species do not fully occupy areas predicted to be favorable in terms of habitat suitability and persistence. Th e cause for such restriction are not the considered factors (including bioclimatic), but competitive interactions that prevent individuals of one species from expanding within the home range of the other. Contributions of the considered environmental variables for generating the potential distribution prediction were distinguished: for M. arvalis net primary production alone made the largest contribution (42 %), whereas for M. levis there was a cumulative effect of a number of factors.
Minijobs nach Einführung des Mindestlohns – Eine Bestandsaufnahme
Authors: Bachmann Ronald , Dürig Wolfgang , Frings Hanna , Höckel Lisa Sofie , Flores Fernanda Martinez
Published: November 2017

Der vorliegende Artikel nutzt zwei Befragungen unter Arbeitnehmern und Arbeitgebern im Bereich der geringfügigen Beschäftigung für eine aktuelle Bestandsaufnahme der Minijobs und vergleicht die Ergebnisse mit der Situation vor Einführung des gesetzlichen Mindestlohns. Im Vordergrund stehen hierbei die Arbeitsstunden, der Stundenlohn, Gründe für die Aufnahme bzw. für das Angebot von Minijobs sowie die Arbeitsqualität in Form von Gewährung gesetzlich vorgeschriebener Leistungen, wie z. B. die Entgeltfortzahlung im Krankheitsfall. Insgesamt ergibt sich ein vielschichtiges Bild: Einerseits zeigen sich deutliche Verbesserungen bei den Löhnen und der Leistungsgewährung, und viele geringfügig Beschäftigte sind offenbar mit ihrem Minijob zufrieden. Andererseits sind auch nach Einführung des Mindestlohns noch Löhne unter 8,50 Euro zu beobachten, und die Sprungbrettfunktion von Minijobs hat weiter an Bedeutung verloren.