bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development and Validation of an Algorithm to Classify as Equivalent the Procedures in ICD-10-PCS That Differ Only by Laterality
Authors: Epstein Richard H. , Dexter Franklin , O’Neill Liam
Published: April 2018

BACKGROUND:

The switch from International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification to International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, Procedure Coding System (ICD-10-PCS) for coding of inpatient procedures in the United States increased the number of procedural codes more than 19-fold, in large part due to the addition of laterality. We examined ICD-10-PCS codes for pairs of mirror-image procedures that are surgically equivalent.

METHODS:

We developed an algorithm in structured query language (SQL) to identify ICD-10-PCS codes differing only by laterality. We quantified the impact of laterality on the number of commonly performed major therapeutic procedures (ie, surgical diversity) using 2 quarters of discharge abstracts from Texas.

RESULTS:

Of the 75,789 ICD-10-PCS codes from federal fiscal year 2017, 16,839 (22.3%) pairs differed only by laterality (with each pair contributing 2 codes). With the combining of equivalent codes, diversity in the state of Texas decreased from 78.2 to 74.1 operative procedures (95% confidence interval, 5.1 to −3.1; P < .001).

CONCLUSIONS:

Our algorithm identifies ICD-10-PCS codes that differ only by laterality. However, laterality had a small effect on surgical diversity among major therapeutic procedures. Our SQL code and the lookup table will be useful for all US inpatient analyses of ICD-10-PCS surgical data, because combining procedures differing only by laterality will often be desired.
Harmful or Physiologic: Diagnosing Fibrinolysis Shutdown in a Trauma Cohort With Rotational Thromboelastometry
Authors: Gomez-Builes J. Carolina , Acuna Sergio A. , Nascimento Bartolomeu , Madotto Fabiana , Rizoli Sandro B.
Published: April 2018

BACKGROUND:

Despite its central role in early trauma coagulopathy, abnormal fibrinolysis continues to be poorly understood. Excessive fibrinolysis is a known contributor to mortality. Recent studies with thromboelastography (TEG) suggest decreased fibrinolysis (or shutdown) may be just as harmful. Considering the broad use of 2 different viscoelastic assays, which are not interchangeable, we proposed for the first time to define and characterize fibrinolysis shutdown using rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM).

METHODS:

Retrospective cohort study of severely injured patients with admission ROTEM. Shutdown was defined by the best Youden index value of the maximum lysis. Fibrinolysis phenotypes were physiologic, hyperfibrinolysis, and shutdown. Multivariable logistic regression evaluated association between Injury Severity Score and the fibrinolysis phenotypes, and the association among shutdown phenotype with mortality, blood transfusion, and thrombotic events.

RESULTS:

Five hundred fifty patients were included. Maximum lysis <3.5% was selected to define shutdown. Predominant phenotype was physiologic (70.7%), followed by shutdown (25.6%) and hyperfibrinolysis (3.6%). Shutdown patients had higher Injury Severity Score, lower base excess, and required more transfusions than physiologic group. Shutdown was associated with acidosis (base excess: odds ratio [OR] for a 1 mEq/L increase, 0.93; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.88–0.98; P = .0094) and the combination of clotting derangements, higher clot firmness (maximum clot formation: OR for a 2 mm increase, 1.8; 95% CI, 1.5–2.27; P < .0001), lower fibrinogen (OR for a 0.5 g/dL decrease, 1.47; 95% CI, 1.18–1.84; P = .0006), and poor clot formation dynamics (clot formation time: OR for a 5 seconds increase, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.15–1.36; P < .0001). Fibrinolysis shutdown was not independently associated with mortality (OR, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.28–1.33; P = .21), massive transfusion (OR, 2.14; 95% CI, 0.79–5.74; P = .1308), or thrombotic events (OR, 1.08; 95% CI, 0.37–3.15; P = .874). Shutdown was associated with increased 24-hour transfusion (OR, 2.24; 95% CI, 1.24–4.04; P = .007).

CONCLUSIONS:

Despite higher injury burden, evidence of shock, and greater need for blood transfusions, early fibrinolysis shutdown was not associated with mortality, suggesting that it could represent an adaptive physiologic response to life-threatening trauma.
ShinyDiversity - Understanding Alpha and Beta Diversity through Interactive Visualizations
Authors: Leung Eric T. , Noronha Roshan , Mirza Ali , Shenwai Reva , Mpatziakas Asterios
Published: April 2018

In the past few decades, ecologists have developed many diversity indices to describe within and between sample diversity. Consequently, it can be difficult to determine which index to choose and how the distribution of microbial communities affect these indices. We've developed an interactive application, ShinyDiversity, that dynamically visualizes different alpha or beta diversity indices. In enabling users to select and simultaneously visualize different indices, our application aims to facilitate understanding of how the microbial data affects selected indices.
Scientifically substantiated optimization of cutter life on criterion of cost price
Authors: Михайлов Александр , Mikhailov Alexander , Ивченко Татьяна , Ivchenko Tatiana , Петряева Ирина , Petryaeva Irina
Published: April 2018

A procedure for optimization of cutting modes taking into account a distribution law of cutter life as a random variable is presented. On the basis of the analysis of the optimization criterion – cost price as a function of the random argument there are obtained analytical dependences which allowed taking into account quantitatively cutter life spreading at its optimum value definition.
Readiness of a Teenager for Self-Development and Its Formation in Conditions of Additional Education
Authors: Иванова Ирина , Ivanova Irina , Макарова В. , Makarova V.
Published: April 2018

The article reveals the author's position on the formation of adolescents' readiness for self-development, which appears as an objective function of education in the supplementary education of adolescents. The possibilities of additional education of children in the development of a self-developing personality are shown, highlighted in support of the principles on which this type of education is built. On the basis of theoretical comprehension of the content of the principles of supplementary education in their correlation with the criteria and indicators of a person's readiness for self-development, it has been suggested that the formation of the individual's readiness for self-development can be regarded as the objective function of education in adolescent supplementary education. The results of empirical study of the problem are presented.
Activation of Cognitive Activity of Students Using the Means of Information Educational Environment
Authors: Прохорова М. , Prohorova M. , Ваганова О. , Vaganova O.
Published: April 2018

The article substantiates the necessity and expediency of using the resources of the information and educational environment for activating the cognitive activity of students in the university. The theoretical description of the essence of activation of cognitive activity is given, the sequence of formation of cognitive interest in the learner is presented, the requirements to the activation of the educational process in higher education are systematized. The criteria for the selection of resources and means of the information and educational environment, which are appropriate to use for the preparation of future teachers of vocational training, are proposed. Specific types of resources of the information and educational environment that can be effectively used at the stages of formation of the reproducing, interpreting and creative activity of students are presented and disclosed. The results of experimental work on the use of resources and means of the information and educational environment for activating cognitive activity in the direction of training are described. 43.03.04 Vocational training (by branches), the effectiveness of using such resources for improving the quality of vocational training of future teachers of vocational training is proved.
Development of the Collective Nature of the Joint-Stock Company As the Basis for Changing Attitudes Towards Its Minority Shareholders
Authors: Галанова А. , Galanova A.
Published: April 2018

The historically collective character of the capital of the joint-stock company developed in the direction of the growth of the number of joint-stock companies and the associated increase in the number of shareholders and the number of shares to be issued. In modern conditions, the possibilities for a quantitative increase in the size of the share capital have already exhausted themselves sufficiently. There are qualitative changes associated with the deepening of the collective character of such capital. On the one hand, there is the emergence of this type of minority shareholders, behind which in fact are hiding large funds of collective investment. On the other hand, this is expressed in the processes of internationalization of jointstock companies and their transformation into transnational companies, i.e. when the composition of shareholders becomes more and more international. The national share market of one and the same company is turning into a global market because these shares through the issue of depositary receipts are able to address the stock markets of any other countries of the world. Owners of depositary receipts, like collective investors, often fall into the category of minority shareholders due to the fact that they have small blocks of shares. The collective and international nature of minority shareholders is an objective basis for the need to protect the rights of such shareholders already at the legislative level.
Modern Approaches to the Management of Reputational Risks to Ensure the Stability of the Company
Authors: Кучеренко Анна , Kucherenko Anna , Глинка А. , Glinka A. , Симонова А. , Simonova A.
Published: April 2018

The stability and sustainability of the company’s activities in modern conditions is the most important task facing the leadership of the organization. One of the main challenges faced by the company is the risk of loss of reputation, caused by the influence of external and internal factors. Early detection and monitoring of reputational risks is becoming a prerequisite for the effective functioning of the company. Well-constructed policy of creating the image of the company will allow it to take control of reputational risks and reduce losses from risk.
The Origin of Marketing in Russia. What Have Domestic Economists Added to the World's Piggy Bank of Marketing
Authors: Никитина Т. , Nikitina T.
Published: April 2018

This article examines the historical stages of development of marketing as a science and practice.
Managing the Lifelong Value of Customers Through Increased Satisfaction with Quality and Speed of Feedback
Authors: Невоструев П. , Nevostruev P. , Мусатова Ж. , Musatova Zh.
Published: April 2018

In the modern conditions of IT development marketers get an opportunity to thoroughly study the metrics of consumer behavior. There are new approaches to determining the effectiveness of marketing activities, including the evaluation of profitability. The modern analytical approach allows to define lifetime value of the client (LTV) and, compare it with expenses for attraction. One of the key tasks of marketing activities is managing the lifetime value, especially the desire to increase this metric.Despite the fact that not all factors influencing the lifetime value are manageable by the company, it is necessary to maximize the efficiency of work in this direction taking into account the already used tools, and the feedback is the most important one. Within the framework of this article, a research of the requirements that customers make for feedback is made, satisfaction of which is a necessary condition for increasing the lifetime value.
Brahman and Dao: Comparative Studies in Indian and Chinese Philosophy and Religion.
Authors: Sharma Arvind
Published: April 2018

Brahman and Dao: Comparative Studies in Indian and Chinese Philosophy and Religion.
vantagem dos míopes: entre história e literatura
Authors: Borowski Gabriel
Published: April 2018

THE ADVANTAGE OF THE SHORT-SIGHTED: BETWEEN HISTORY AND LITERATURE Through a brief presentation of some culturally specific aspects of the process of development of the Brazilian intellectual life, this paper seeks to shed new light on the concept of auditivity, considered fundamental for the study of the complex relationships between literature and history in Brazil. From this perspective, the autonarrative fiction with memory feature should be seized as an alternative to historical discourse, since it declares its own fictionality and the limitations of its own narrative focus, and therefore is capable of avoiding the globalizing claims that in the case of heterogeneous Brazilian society appear to be inappropriate.
Encarnação e Ressurreição de Cristo: duplicação de um modelo textual
Authors: Freitas Filipa
Published: April 2018

INCARNATION AND RESURRECTION OF CHRIST: DUPLICATING A TEXTUAL MODEL

There is a manuscript of the 17th century, at Biblioteca Pública de Évora, which has two religious texts related to the pedagogical activity of the Jesuits. These texts present a large number of identical fragments, despite the existence of pragmatic differences originated by the festivities for which they were composed. The comparison between them will establish the extra‑textual characteristics of each and the progressive distance among them, from the simple textual variant to the rewriting process. This article will clarify the circumstances of the composition and performance of the texts, in the context of jesuitic teaching.
Estudo contrastivo da configuração das categorias verbais em português e em búlgaro
Authors: Chergova Vesela
Published: April 2018

CONTRASTIVE STUDY OF THE CONFIGURATION OF THE VERBAL CATEGORIES IN PORTUGUESE AND BULGARIAN

The contrastive typological study of the Portuguese and the Bulgarian verbal systems is based on a methodological premise considering the semantic content of each verbal category as a functional relation defined on the universal level of language activity and bound to a specific formal realization in any language on the historical level of the same activity. We assume that the internal category’s organisation within the language system is a hierarchical one in the terms of Greenberg [1971: 295‑313] and Gerdžikov [2003]. Therefore, the distribution of the categorial semantic load represents the “worldview” of the historically constituted linguistic community.
língua portuguesa na transcrição cirílica num dicionário do século XVIII
Authors: Dębowiak Przemysław
Published: April 2018

THE PORTUGUESE LANGUAGE IN CYRILLIC TRANSCRIPTION IN AN EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY DICTIONARY

In 1787‑1789 two volumes of a huge lexicographic work were published, with the title Linguarum totius orbis vocabularia comparativa (…), commonly called Catherine the Great’s Dictionary. The dictionary contains 273 Russian entries from different thematic groups, each one with semantic equivalents in two hundred European and Asiatic languages. All the words, with no exception, are transcribed in the Russian Cyrillic alphabet, independently from the language they represent. The paper deals, in general terms, with the transcription of Portuguese words included in the dictionary.
Caraterísticas fonéticas do Português da Ilha Terceira
Authors: Mikołajczak Sylwia
Published: April 2018

PHONETIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE PORTUGUESE ISLAND OF TERCEIRA

A historical and geographical context of a natural expansion of a language leads to a formation of dialects. The aim of this article is to present some examples of phonetic, distinctive characteristics of Portuguese spoken in Terceira Island (the Azores). The dialect reveals such phonetic properties as anti‑hiatic vowel release and diphthongization, of which the first is almost totally limited to Terceira Island. Whereas, other phonetic characteristics such as labialization of the vowel [u], commonly occurring in the western and eastern groups of the islands, does not apply to the dialect of Terceira. Therefore, it is anticipated that the features of the northern dialects of Portugal had more influence on the Portuguese of Terceira Island than the southern ones.
O cuidador e o sentimento de acolhimento por profissionais da saúde: Um relato de Experiência
Authors: Serrão Fernanda Oliveira , Carvalho Elenilce Pereira de , Maués Elisângela De Macedo , Carvalho Adrielle Aguiar de , Maciel Adrianne Pureza , Luna Pricila Ferreira de
Published: April 2018

Atualmente, cerca de 12% da população brasileira são idosos, fato este que pode ser explicado tanto pelo aumento da expectativa de vida quanto pelo decréscimo da taxa de fecundidade. Com o aumento do número de idosos, há, também, o aumento da prevalência das Síndromes Geriátricas, que, muitas vezes, ocasionam a dependência parcial ou total do idoso, necessitando este de cuidados especiais. Geralmente, os responsáveis por esses cuidados são os familiares mais próximos, que, ao dedicar-se nas tarefas com o idoso, frequentemente, são acometidos por sobrecargas físicas, sociais e emocionais, interferindo significativamente na sua qualidade de vida, por não possuírem conhecimentos prévios a cerca da(s) patologia(s) que o idoso possui. Portanto, a partir do Projeto de Extensão “Qualidade de Vida de Cuidadores de idosos”, foram desenvolvidas ações com o intuito de fornecer informações relevantes a cerca das principais características e consequências das síndromes geriátricas a fim de proporcionar ao cuidador os conhecimentos básicos necessários para que este exerça, com qualidade de vida, o seu papel de cuidar.
Editorial
Authors: Wolter Rafael Pecly , Dias Aline Passeri
Published: April 2018

Editorial do número
El desempleo juvenil: un estudio comparado Brasil España
Authors: Garrido Alicia , Barros Sabrina Cavalcanti , Gondim Sonia Maria Guedes
Published: April 2018

RESUMEN: En esta investigación se realizó un estudio comparado entre una muestra de jóvenes brasileños y españoles en las que se analizó la relación entre estatus de empleo (empleados versus desempleados) y bienestar psicológico. Se constata una asociación entre desempleo juvenil y deterioro en la salud mental, tanto en la muestra española como en la muestra brasileña. Las diferencias observadas son mayores en el caso de los jóvenes desempleados que en el caso de las jóvenes desempleadas, quienes parecen beneficiarse menos, desde el punto de vista del bienestar psicológico del hecho de tener un empleo. Estas diferencias podrían deberse a la sobrecarga de roles que experimentan las jóvenes, si bien este es un factor que debe ser analizado en futuras investigaciones.Palabras claves: desempleo juvenil; bienestar psicológico; salud mental; estudio transnacional.ABSTRACT: In this research, a comparative study was conducted among a sample of young Brazilians and Spaniards in which the relationship between employment status (employed versus unemployed) and psychological well-being was analyzed. There is an association between youth unemployment and deterioration in mental health, both in the Spanish sample and in the Brazilian sample. The differences observed are greater in the case of unemployed young men than in the case of unemployed young women, who seem to benefit less, from the point of view of the psychological well-being, of having a job. These differences could be due to the overload of roles that young women experience, although this is a factor that should be analyzed in future research.Keywords: youth unemployment; psychological well-being; mental health; transnational study.
O papel do sotaque nas relações intergrupais: apresentação de uma área de pesquisa
Authors: Souza Luana Elayne Cunha , Camino Leoncio , Lima Tiago Jessé Souza , Fontenele Ana Beatriz Gomes
Published: April 2018

RESUMO: O presente artigo apresenta uma revisão teórica sobre o estudo do sotaque e sua influência nas relações intergrupais dentro da Psicologia Social. Nesse sentido, analisamos a definição de sotaque e sua centralidade já nos primeiros anos de vida, discutimos sobre o mito de uma língua padrão e apresentamos as principais metodologias no estudo do sotaque.  Além disso, analisamos o processo de avaliação dos sotaques, evidenciando a importância que eles têm para a identidade social dos indivíduos, para desencadear o processo de categorização social e formação de estereótipos e, consequentemente, na discriminação em diversos contextos sociais contra falantes de sotaques considerados fora do padrão. Finalmente, analisamos diferentes interpretações acerca da atribuição de valor negativo a falantes de sotaques considerados fora do padrão e propomos que essa avaliação negativa do sotaque funciona como uma justificação aparentemente neutra utilizada por indivíduos preconceituosos para discriminar falantes de sotaques não padrão, ou seja, os membros de grupos minoritários. Deste modo, defendemos que o estigma do sotaque per se não leva à discriminação, isso só vai ocorrer naqueles indivíduos que já tenham uma representação negativa do grupo alvo.Palavras-chave: sotaque; relações intergrupais; preconceito; discriminação; legitimação.ABSTRACT: This article presents a theoretical review on the study of the accent and its influence on intergroup relations within Social Psychology. In this sense, we analyze the definition of an accent and its centrality already in the first years of life, we discuss about the myth of a standard language and present the main methodologies in the study of the accent. In addition, we analyze the process of assessment of accents, highlighting the importance its have for the social identity of individuals, to trigger the process of social categorization and stereotyping and, consequently, discrimination in various social contexts against speakers of accents considered non-standard. Finally, we analyze different interpretations of negative evaluations of speakers of accents considered non-standard and propose that this negative assessment of accent works as a seemingly neutral justification used by prejudiced individuals to discriminate non-standard accent speakers, that is, the minority groups. In this way, we argue that the accent stigma per se does not lead to discrimination, this will only occur in those individuals who already have a negative representation of the target group.Keywords: accent; intergroup relations; prejudice; discrimination; legitimacy.
Cidade, regulação e sustentabilidade: os mecanismos fiscais e urbanísticos de controle e captura de mais-valias urbanas na legislação urbanística brasileira
Authors: Braga da Silva Neto Wilson Levy . , Nalini José Renato
Published: April 2018

A concepção de cidades sustentáveis é um desafio cujo enfrentamento não prescinde da implantação de mecanismos fiscais e urbanísticos de controle e captura de mais-valias urbanas, voltados ao financiamento de ações que viabilizem seus pressupostos intrínsecos. O objetivo deste trabalho é identificar tais mecanismos no contexto da legislação urbanística brasileira e verificar em que medida eles têm efetividade. Espera-se como resultado fomentar a discussão sobre o assunto, evidenciando, também, a dificuldade em implantá-las no país.
“OS HIGIENISTAS ESTÃO VOLTANDO”: BIOPOLÍTICA, CLASSES SUBALTERNIZADAS E OCUPAÇÃO DO ESPAÇO URBANO NO BRASIL
Authors: Wermuth Maiquel Ângelo Dezordi , Nielsson Joice Graciele
Published: April 2018

O artigo analisa a repressão à ocupação do espaço público urbano no Brasil pelas camadas subalternizadas da população, a partir de episódios que ocorreram em épocas distintas e distantes no tempo e no espaço – a destruição do cortiço “Cabeça de Porco” (Rio de Janeiro-RJ), a desocupação/destruição da comunidade do Pinheirinho (São José dos Campos – SP), da Cracolândia (São Paulo – SP) e do prédio ocupado pelos “Lanceiros Negros” (Porto Alegre – RS). O objetivo geral da pesquisa é discutir a gestão biopolítica das camadas subalternizadas da população urbana brasileira ao longo da história do país. O problema de pesquisa reside na seguinte indagação: em que medida, na contemporaneidade, as instituições do país ainda seguem comprometidas com a “fantasia absolutista” de um controle dos corpos que era característica dos espaços de produção marcados pelo regime escravocrata? Parte-se da hipótese de que o modo truculento/violento como as desocupações analisadas no texto foram conduzidas, aliado às justificativas empregadas para legitimá-las, permitem evidenciar um movimento pendular, entre democracia e absolutismo, que marca a história das instituições brasileiras. A pesquisa foi perspectivada a partir do método fenomenológico.
Caminhos de uma pesquisa virtual: um estudo de lideranças e ação coletiva no Facebook no debate sobre o direito à cidade
Authors: Cavalcanti Davi Barbosa , Ferreira Demétrius Rodrigues de Freitas
Published: April 2018

Como internautas são mobilizados por líderes virtuais para reivindicar o direito à cidade e discutir política? Este artigo analisa o caso do grupo Direitos Urbanos (DU), o qual é responsável por discutir e articular várias mobilizações no Recife (Brasil) através do Facebook. A proposta é fazer uma discussão metodológica de aspectos que podem orientar investigações atuais e futuras acerca da mobilização de pessoas através das redes sociais virtuais.  Metodologicamente, combinou-se a Análise de Redes Sociais (ARS) e a Teoria do Discurso para se compreender o processo de mobilização de pessoas. Foram realizadas entrevistas com líderes virtuais, aplicação de questionários e técnicas de netnografia. Os resultados obtidos indicam a (I) tendência a qual os membros do DU têm de se relacionar com pessoas de círculos sociais parecidos e (II) a identificação das principais ações do DU para mobilizar internautas. A temática é relevante por contemplar desafios contemporâneos de mobilizações recentes, como os Ocupas, Junho de 2013 e os movimentos anti e pró-impeachment de 2015 e 2016 no Brasil.
SERVIÇOS PRIVADOS DE TRANSPORTE INDIVIDUAL NA LEI NACIONAL DE MOBILIDADE URBANA
Authors: Sundfeld Carlos Ari , ROSILHO ANDRÉ
Published: April 2018

O artigo discute a hipótese de que o art. 12 da Lei Nacional de Mobilidade Urbana, a partir da reforma que sofreu em 2013, passou a assegurar a livre exploração de serviços privados de transporte individual remunerado de passageiros, como serviços de utilidade pública, prevendo que os municípios apenas fiscalizarão a observância da legislação nacional de trânsito e de defesa do consumidor.
Note sulla riforma del libro III del Codice Civile francese: multo rumore per nulla
Authors: Benatti Francesca
Published: April 2018

Questo articolo tratta della riforma del libro III del codice civile francese. La riforma del Libro III del code civil, pur ampiamente e per lungo tempo discussa, non è e non voleva neppure essere rivoluzionaria. Va inquadrata nel contesto del dibattito europeo sulla unificazione del diritto dei contratti, che ne fornisce anche una chiave di interpretazione. Ai valori della borghesia si è ormai sostituita la protezione del soggetto debole, il cittadino diviene consumatore, l’autonomia dei privati è sfumata dalla solidarietà, il codice quale espressione di un ordinamento statale deve confrontarsi con le sfide della globalizzazione e il ruolo anche politico delle imprese multinazionali, che modificano il ruolo stesso dello Stato. L’Europa impone attraverso regolamenti e direttive il suo diritto privato spesso con disinvolta ignoranza delle tradizioni dei paesi cui sono rivolti, fortemente burocratizzati, mentre si discute del suo “deficit democratico”. Forse non si poteva fare più che semplificare e modernizzare. Sicuramente si assiste al passaggio da un “mito” come era il code Napoléon ad una riforma non diversa dalle altre: manca l’anima che aveva vivificato il codice ottocentesco e una visione dello Stato e della società che si ha di fronte per consolidare uno strumento che guarda al futuro. Non è facile, dunque, prevedere se le nuove regole avranno la forza di reggere ai mutamenti che già si delineano oppure saranno regole provvisorie di durata limitata come è la moda di questi tempi, in attesa di un orizzonte che non si vede, meglio che oggi non siamo capaci di scorgere.
Responsabilidade do gestor público e a judicialização da saúde no contexto do Estado do Ceará / Responsibility of the public manager and health judicialization in the context of the State of Ceará
Authors: Nepomuceno Nogueira Rômulo Luiz , De Andrade Mariana Dionísio
Published: April 2018

DOI: 10.12957/rqi.2018.29241  ResumoO presente artigo se propõe a responder ao seguinte problema de pesquisa: deveria o gestor público responder pessoalmente pela ineficiência na prestação dos serviços públicos de saúde? O artigo possui como objetivo a análise da responsabilidade do gestor público, no âmbito do Estado do Ceará, diante do fenômeno da judicialização da saúde, demonstrando seus impactos na Administração Pública e para o próprio burocrata na gestão da pasta. O estudo possui abordagem qualitativa, porque interpreta a relação de causalidade entre fenômenos jurídicos e sociais, e possui suporte em elementos quantitativos, na medida em que utiliza dados mensuráveis e padrões numéricos para a melhor compreensão do assunto. Conclui-se que a ineficiência do Estado na promoção da saúde não poderia ser resolvida apenas por um administrante, que poderá sofrer sanção judicial por fatos anteriores à sua gestão. Verifica-se, ainda, a relevância do contínuo debate acerca dos meios de resolubilidade da judicialização da saúde, considerando a abrangência e importância essencial desse direito fundamental.Palavras-chave: Judicialização da Saúde; Responsabilidade Pessoal; Gestor Público; Ineficiência do Estado; Resolubilidade da Judicialização.AbstractThe present article proposes to answer the following research problem: should the public manager respond personally for the inefficiency in the provision of public health services? This article aims to analyze the responsibility of the public manager, in the context of the State of Ceará, facing the phenomenon of health judicialization, demonstrating its impact on the Public Administration and on the bureaucrat himself in the management of the agenda. The study has a qualitative approach, because it interprets the causal relationship between legal and social phenomena, and has support in quantitative elements, in that it uses measurable data and numerical standards to the better understanding of the subject. It is concluded that the inefficiency of the State in the promotion of health could not be solved only by an administrator, who could suffer judicial sanction for facts previous to his management. It is also verified the relevance of the continuous debate about the means of resolubility of the health judicialization, considering the comprehensiveness and essential importance of this fundamental right.Keywords: Health Judicialization; Personal Responsibility; Public Manager; Inefficiency of the State; Resilubility of the Judicialization.
A TUTELA DO EMBRIÃO IN VITRO NA CONVENÇÃO AMERICANA DE DIREITOS HUMANOS: UMA INTERPRETAÇÃO DA CORTE INTERAMERICANA DE DIREITOS HUMANOS
Authors: Diniz Aires Fernanda , Valler Zenni Alessandro Severino , Menengoti Gonçalves Ribeiro Daniela
Published: April 2018

O caso “Artavia e Murillo e Outros” foi a primeira condenação do Estado da Costa Rica pela Corte Interamericana de Direitos Humanos, em que se discutiu o início da proteção da vida dos (pré) embriões humanos (in vitro), ou seja, a interpretação do artigo 4.1 da Convenção Americana de Direitos Humanos e a definição da expressão “em geral, desde a concepção”. Este trabalho tem por objetivo estabelecer o alcance da proteção da vida humana pelo Sistema Interamericano de Direitos Humanos, a partir do método predominantemente dedutivo, por meio da análise da decisão da Corte Interamericana dos Direitos e da revisão bibliográfica de diversos periódicos, livros e trabalhos publicados sobre o tema. Por fim, objetiva-se demonstrar que o princípio da dignidade humana deve ser sempre o parâmetro para a utilização das técnicas de reprodução humana assistida, ainda que insuficiente ou ausente uma legislação nacional sobre assunto.
CRIMES TRIBUTÁRIOS SOB A ÓTICA DA CRIMINOLOGIA CRÍTICA: Extinção de punibilidade pelo pagamento do tributo e a Teoria do Etiquetamento.
Authors: Mansoldo Mary Cristina Neves
Published: April 2018

O estudo apresentado tem o escopo de analisar os crimes tributários sob a ótica da Criminologia crítica, no que diz respeito à extinção de punibilidade pelo pagamento do tributo devido e pela análise do labeling approach ou teoria do etiquetamento, que questiona os mecanismos de seleção criminal do atual sistema punitivo, analisando-se a diferenciação de tratamentos entre os delitos comuns e fiscais. O arcabouço teórico sobre assuntos criminológicos e tributários e a jurisprudência predominante foram relevantes para o desenvolvimento do estudo em seus métodos de pesquisa doutrinária e jurisprudencial. Concluiu-se que a seleção do sistema penal viola as finalidades da Ordem Econômica, dispostas no art. 170 da Constituição Federal de 1988, bem como, os Direitos Fundamentais, individuais e coletivos, consagrados pela Carta Maior em seu art. 5º. Observou-se que para a criação de políticas criminais que atendam as atuais necessidades sociais é fundamental a união da ciência do Direito Penal com a ciência da Criminologia, em uma ótica crítica, para que os objetivos sociais sejam alcançados. Em suma, a pesquisa explorou um tema que merece muita atenção do Estado e da sociedade, ou seja, o processo de criminalização do sistema penal brasileiro.
Contramajoritarismo dialógico-argumentativo e legitimação das expectativas institucionais: o papel estabilizador das cortes nas sociedades complexas
Authors: Martins de Araujo Luis Claudio , Peña Guilherme
Published: April 2018

Com a globalização e o crescimento da chamada sociedade internacional, interdependente e interpenetrante, que interage cada dia de forma mais profunda, o exercício do poder jurisdicional em sistemas jurídicos autônomos, tem se expandido em todo o mundo, consolidando a ideia de que cabe ao Poder Judiciário dizer a última palavra em questões constitucionais e de direitos humanos. Neste sentido, diante desta ampliação do papel do Poder Judiciário em diversos sistemas jurídicos, mais do que nunca, a decisão sobre questões morais e políticas complexas, nas quais existem divergências profundas na sociedade sobre o conteúdo dos direitos e a forma de interpretá-los, é reservada a juízes não eleitos democraticamente. Neste sentido, pode-se estatuir que, o sistema de supremacia judicial, acaba por trazer impactos efetivos à questão democrática, e, portanto, para que seja devidamente legitimado, deve ser desenvolvido de forma coerente com outras instituições e Poderes Constituídos. Desta feita, em sociedades complexas o aparecimento de modelos dialógico-argumentativos, acaba por ampliar as perspectivas do debate legitimatório das Cortes, buscando o devido equilíbrio institucional em um sistema democrático, ao apresentar uma adequada e eficaz proteção de direitos, através de uma redistribuição de poderes entre os tribunais e as demais instituições, garantindo o diálogo entre os diversos atores nos sistemas jurídico e político, permitindo maior ganho para a questão legitimatória e democrática.
Spring parasite update
Authors: Stokes Laura
Published: April 2018

Spring has sprung and brought with it a whole host of beasts (from the East), pests (from the West) and parasites…from all directions! But what are this season's hot topics and is 2018 showing different trends to last year?
Cold Active Amylases Producing Psychrotolerants Isolated from Nella Lake, Antarctica
Authors: Kumar Maharana Abhas , Mohan Singh Shiv
Published: April 2018

Cold active amylase was investigated by bacteria and yeast isolates from the sediment core samples of Nella Lake,Larsemann Hills region, East Antarctica. Between potential yeast and bacteria isolates screened for amylases, best isolates were identified asRhodotorula sp. Y-37 and ArthrobacteralpinusN16 by molecular technique.Amylase production capabilities of both the isolate subjected for optimization processes by using submerged fermentation technique with soluble starch as substrate.The results indicate that a supplement of 1% w/v glucose, 1% w/v yeast extract and 0.1% w/v KCl at pH 7.0with 5% v/v inoculum enhances the amylase production by 5.72-fold using Rhodotorula sp. Y-37. In other hands, the activators are 1% w/v of galactose and peptone, 0.1% w/v KCl and 2.5% v/v inoculum at pH 7.0 enhances the amylase production by 3.74-fold using ArthrobacteralpinusN16. Cold-active amylasecan be used in detergent, textile, food and beverage industries. Bio-degradation of starchy materials by cold active amylases can contribute in cleaning of environment at cold regions without harming the climate.
Segmentation of Crop Disease Images with an Improved K-means Clustering Algorithm
Authors: Wang Zhibin , Wang Kaiyi , Pan Shouhui , Han Yanyun
Published: April 2018

Abstract. Disease spot segmentation from crop leaf images is a key prerequisite for disease early warning and diagnosis. To improve the accuracy and stability of disease spot segmentation, an adaptive segmentation method for crop disease images based on K-means clustering is proposed. The approach is based on three stages. First, the excess green feature and the a* component of the CIE (L*a*b*) color space were combined to adaptively learn the initial cluster centers. Second, iterative color clustering of two clusters was conducted using the squared Euclidian distance as the similarity distance. Finally, the distance of a* components between two clusters as the clustering criterion function was used to correct the clustering results. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, segmentation experiments were performed on images of three kinds of cucumber diseases and one kind of soybean disease. The results of the experiments were compared with the results obtained using a fixed threshold method, the Otsu method, the traditional K-means clustering method, and the Renyi entropy method, which showed that our adaptive segmentation method was accurate and robust for segmentation of crop disease images. Keywords: Adaptive, CIE L*a*b*, Disease spot, Image segmentation, K-means clustering.
Experimental Analysis of Condensation Rate in Conductive Cooling Systems for Dairy Cattle
Authors: Perano Kristen Michelle , Shelford Timothy J , Gebremedhin Kifle G
Published: April 2018

Abstract.

Conductive cooling for dairy cattle is an emerging technology that holds promise as a way of relieving heat stress. A conductive cooling system using modified Dual Chamber Comfort (DCC) waterbeds from Advanced Comfort Technologies as heat exchangers placed in the stalls of dairy cows was tested. Rate of moisture accumulation in two types of bedding (sand and sawdust) was studied for two levels of relative humidity (RH) of air (~60% and ~75%). Four bedding thicknesses were considered in this study and were 0.5, 2.5, 7.5, and 20 cm. The experiment consisted of the following: (1) two waterbeds cooled by circulating water at 4.5°C, and (2) two more waterbeds (control) where the water in the waterbeds was not cooled. Moisture content of the bedding was measured in duplicate at three locations on the surface of each waterbed for each of 20 treatments (sand and sawdust bedding measured at both ~60% RH and ~75% RH and at five bedding thicknesses/sampling depths). The moisture measurements were conducted before and after 2 h of cooling. In cases where the bedding thickness was 2.5 cm or more, the temperature of the bedding was measured at three points using thermocouples: (1) at the surface of the waterbed, (2) at mid depth, and (3) at 0.5 cm below the bedding surface. Mixed linear models were used to calculate the condensation rates and the equilibrium temperatures. In all treatment combinations, the surface temperature of the cooled waterbeds was at least 7.5°C lower than the dewpoint temperature of the air. For the 0.5-cm thick sawdust, condensation rates, calculated in percent increase in dry basis of moisture content per hour (% d.b. h-1), were 3.5% d.b. h-1 higher for the cooled waterbeds than that for the control waterbeds at the ~75% RH. For 0.5-cm thick sawdust at ~60% RH, the condensation rate for the cooled waterbeds was 3.1% d.b. h-1 higher than that for the control waterbeds. Similarly, the condensation rates for the 0.5-cm thick sand were 2.0% d.b. h-1 higher for the cooled waterbeds than for the control waterbeds at the ~75% RH conditions and 1.3% d.b. h-1 higher at the ~60% RH conditions. The condensation rate for the 2.5-cm thick sand bedding measured at the top surface of the waterbed (the bottom 0.5 cm of the bedding) was statistically significant but negligible (0.1% d.b. h-1). No other treatments yielded any difference in condensation rate between the cooled waterbeds and the control waterbeds. Keywords: Animal housing, Bedding thickness, Condensation rate, Conductive cooling, Dairy cows, Stall bedding.
Supplemental Irrigation for Grain Sorghum Production in the U.S. Eastern Coastal Plain
Authors: Stone Kenneth C , Sigua Gilbert C , Bauer Philip J
Published: April 2018

Abstract.

Grain sorghum is one of the top five cereal crops and an important grain crop throughout the world. It is generally considered more drought tolerant compared to other grain crops such as maize. Recently, in the U.S. eastern Coastal Plain region, there was an emphasis on increasing regional grain production in which grain sorghum played an important role. The region’s soils have low water holding capacities that combined with high rainfall variability cause crops frequently to be exposed to water stress. In this research, an experiment was conducted to evaluate the yield response of two grain sorghum varieties at different supplemental irrigation depths and three nitrogen levels. During our 3-year study, seasonal rainfall was adequate to produce acceptable grain sorghum yields. Seasonal rainfall ranged from 421, 365, and 357 mm in 2012, 2013, and 2014, respectively. These rainfall amounts were greater than the seasonal calculated crop evapotranspiration requirement, but rainfall distribution was not adequate to maintain acceptable soil water potentials throughout the growing season. Supplemental irrigation was 51, 38, and 13 mm in 2012, 2013, and 2014, respectively, to maintain soil water potential above -30 kPa. These irrigation amounts did not increase grain sorghum yields. No significant differences were found in grain yield between the two sorghum varieties or for increasing nitrogen applications. This lack of response to nitrogen applications may have been related to adequate supplies in the soil from previous crops. Results from this study suggest that there would be little benefit for supplemental irrigation for sorghum production in the U.S. eastern Coastal Plain. Keywords: Keyword. Grain sorghum, Irrigation, Irrigation management.
Treatment of Meat-processing Wastewater with a Full-scale, Low-cost Sand/Gravel Bioreactor System
Authors: Mancl Karen M , Kopp Ryan , Tuovinen Olli H
Published: April 2018

Abstract.

A full-scale sand/gravel bioreactor system was constructed to treat turkey processing wastewater. The system was designed to treat 757,000 L day-1 at a surface application rate of 6 cm day-1. Twelve 25 × 55 m sand bioreactors cover 1.6 ha on the plant property site. Construction cost was $1,426,000 (2011-2012) and operating costs were $57,600 per year. Normalized to volume of wastewater treatment, the estimated (2013) capital and operation cost is $1.03 m-3. The plant began discharging effluent in 2013. Throughout 30 months, the plant has met all effluent requirements for CBOD5, TSS, and fat, oil, and grease (FOG). FOG was always below the detection level of 5 mg L-1 in the treated effluent. Ammonia is removed by the sand/gravel bioreactors through the summer months. During the winter/spring months, supplemental ammonia removal with an ion-exchange system is used to meet effluent standards. The low cost of the sand bioreactor system makes it suitable for small-scale meat processors. Keywords: Ammonia removal, FOG (fat, oil and grease), Sand filtration, Turkey processing, Ion-exchange.
Optimization of Extrusion Variables for Improving the Qualities of Textured Vegetable Protein with Green Tea Using Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Ma Xuelian , Gu Bonyeob , Ryu Gihyung
Published: April 2018

The aim of this study was to evaluate the optimization extrusion variables on quality of textured vegetable protein by using response surface methodology. In this study, 50% soy protein isolate, 40% wheat gluten, and 10% corn starch were blended and 15% of the mixture was substituted with green tea. The moisture content (45, 50, and 55%), barrel temperature (130, 140, and 150°C), and screw speed (100, 150, and 200 rpm) were varied. A Box-Behnken design was used in this experiment. Second order polynomial regression equations were developed to relate the response to extrusion variables as well as to obtain a response surface plot. The independent variables had significant effects on the quality of the products and moisture content was the most significant. The lower moisture content led to the higher integrity index, lower nitrogen solubility index, lower water absorption capacity, higher texture, and higher cutting strength. The optimum conditions were identified as moisture content 47.78%, barrel temperature 150.00°C, and screw speed 196.05 rpm. Incorporation of green tea into protein materials could effectively improve the nutritional value of the product. Understanding these optimized extrusion variables on the product quality was useful for producing textured vegetable protein in the future.
Quality Estimation of Winter Chinese Cabbage Stored in Purge Type of Controlled Atmosphere Storage
Authors: Kim Mi Na , Park Seok Ho , Park Cheon Wan , Choi Seoung Young , Choi Dong Soo , Kim Jin Se , Kim Yong Hun , Lee Su Jang
Published: April 2018

This study was conducted to propose the conditions of controlled atmosphere (CA) storage suitable for the storage of winter Chinese cabbage and to investigate the maximum storage period of Chinese cabbage based on the results of the quality analysis for CA storage. The weight loss rate of Chinese cabbage stored at 194 days in low temperature storage was about 2 times higher than that in CA storage. The trimming loss rate of Chinese cabbage stored at low temperature was 1.5 times higher than that of CA storage after 83 days of storage. Bolting of Chinese cabbage was observed in only low temperature storage. The Chinese cabbage firmness of CA storage was not different in the range of 5.7-6.2 N, while low temperature storage gradually increased after 83 days of storage and was 7.5 N at 194 days. The incidence of mold occurred after 83 days in low temperature storage, while in CA storage it occurred after 153 days. In the quality evaluation, CA storage for Chinese cabbage was rated 1.5-1.9 points higher than the low temperature storage. The maximum storage period of Chinese cabbage at low temperature storage was 83 days and that at CA storage 153 days.