bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Priori Activation of Apoptosis Pathways of Tumor (AAAPT) technology: Development of targeted apoptosis initiators for cancer treatment
Authors: Pandurangi Raghu S. , Tomasetti Marco , Verapazham Sekar T. , Paulmurugan Ramasamy , Ma Cynthia , Rajput Sandeep , Anjanappa Manjushree , Nakshatri Harikrishna
Published: February 2021

Cancer cells develop tactics to circumvent the interventions by desensitizing themselves to interventions. Amongst many, the principle routes of desensitization include a) activation of survival pathways (e.g. NF-kB, PARP) and b) downregulation of cell death pathways (e.g. CD95/CD95L). As a result, it requires high therapeutic dose to achieve tumor regression which, in turn damages normal cells through the collateral effects. Methods are needed to sensitize the low and non-responsive resistant tumor cells including cancer stem cells (CSCs) in order to evoke a better response from the current treatments. Current treatments including chemotherapy can induce cell death only in bulk cancer cells sparing CSCs and cancer resistant cells (CRCs) which are shown to be responsible for high recurrence of disease and low patient survival. Here, we report several novel tumor targeted sensitizers derived from the natural Vitamin E analogue (AMP-001-003). The drug design is based on a novel concept “A priori activation of apoptosis pathways of tumor technology (AAAPT) which is designed to activate specific cell death pathways and inhibit survival pathways simultaneously and selectively in cancer cells sparing normal cells. Our results indicate that AMP-001-003 sensitize various types of cancer cells including MDA-MB-231 (triple negative breast cancer), PC3 (prostate cancer) and A543 (lung cancer) cells resulting in reducing the IC-50 of doxorubicin in vitro when used as a combination. At higher doses, AMP-001 acts as an anti-tumor agent on its own. The synergy between AMP-001 and doxorubicin could pave a new pathway to use AAAPT leading molecules as neoadjuvant to chemotherapy to achieve better efficacy and reduced off-target toxicity compared to the current treatments.
Non-persistence with anti-platelet therapy and long-term mortality after ischemic stroke: A nationwide study
Authors: Kim Seung Jae , Kwon Oh Deog , Choi Ho Chun , Lee Eung-Joon , Cho BeLong
Published: February 2021

Background

We tried to investigate the effect of non-persistence with antiplatelets after ischemic stroke on long-term all-cause mortality (ACM).

Methods and findings

We selected newly diagnosed ischemic stroke patients aged ≥20years who were newly treated with aspirin or clopidogrel from 2003–2010 Korean National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort, a random sample of 2.2% of total population. Subjects were divided into two pairs of groups according to persistence with antiplatelets at 6 and 12 months: those who discontinued antiplatelets within 6 months (DA6M) and those who continued them for 6 or months or more (CA6M); and those who discontinued antiplatelets within 12 months (DA12M) and those who continued them for 12 months or more (CA12M). Those who died within 6 months among DA6M and those who died within 12 months among DA12M were excluded along with those with medication possession ratio<80% among CA6M and CA12M. Subjects were followed-up until death or December 31, 2013. Among 3,559 total subjects, DA6M were 1,080 and CA6M were 2,479 while, out of 3,628 total patients, DA12M were 1,434 and CA12M were 2,194. The risks of ACM [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR), 2.25; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.94–2.61], cerebro-cardiovascular disease (CVD) death (aHR, 2.52; 95% CI, 1.96–3.24) and non-CVD death (aHR, 2.11; 95% CI, 1.76–2.64) of DA6M were all significantly increased compared to CA6M. DA12M also had significantly higher risks of ACM (aHR, 1.93; 95% CI, 1.65–2.25), CVD mortality (aHR, 2.13; 95% CI; 1.63–2.77) and non-CVD mortality (aHR, 1.83;95% CI 1.51–2.22) than DA12M but aHRs were lower than that between DA6M and CA6M. The difference rates of ACM, CVD death, and non-CVD death between non-persistent and persistent groups all continuously widened over time but the degree of difference was gradually decreased.

Conclusions

Maintaining antiplatelets for the first 12 months after ischemic stroke reduces long-term risks of both CVD death and non-CVD death.
Traumatic dislocation of middle ear ossicles: A new computed tomography classification predicting hearing outcome
Authors: Mantokoudis Georgios , Schläpfer Njima , Kellinghaus Manuel , Hakim Arsany , von Werdt Moritz , Caversaccio Marco D. , Wagner Franca
Published: February 2021

Objectives

To assess the feasibility of radiologic measurements and find out whether hearing outcome could be predicted based on computer tomography (CT) scan evaluation in patients with temporal bone fractures and suspected ossicular joint dislocation.

Methods

We assessed 4002 temporal bone CT scans and identified 34 patients with reported ossicular joint dislocation due to trauma. We excluded those with no proven traumatic ossicular dislocation in CT scan and patients with bilateral temporal bone fractures. We measured four parameters such as malleus-incus axis distance, malleus-incus angle at midpoints, malleus- incus axis angle and ossicular joint space. The contralateral healthy side served as its own control. Hearing outcome 1–3 months after the index visit was analyzed. We assessed diagnostic accuracy and performed a logistic regression using radiologic measurement parameters for outcome prediction of conductive hearing loss (defined as >20dB air-bone gap).

Results

We found excellent inter-rater agreement on the measurement of axis deviation between incus and malleus in CT scans (interclass correlation coefficient 0.81). The larger the deviation of incus and malleus axis, the higher probability of poor hearing outcome (odds ratio (OR) 2.67 per 0.1mm, p = .006). A cut-off value for the axis deviation of 0.25mm showed a sensitivity of 0.778 and a specificity of 0.94 (p < .001) for discrimination between poor and good hearing outcome in terms of conductive hearing loss.

Conclusion

Adequate assessment of high resolution CT scans of temporal bone in which ossicular chain dislocation had occurred after trauma was feasible. Axis deviations of the incus and the malleus were strongly predictive for poor hearing outcome in terms of air conduction 1–3 months after trauma. We propose a 3-level classification system for hearing outcome prediction based on radiologic measures.
Peak expiratory flow rate and sarcopenia risk in older Indonesian people: A nationwide survey
Authors: Ridwan Edi Sampurno , Wiratama Bayu Satria , Lin Mei-Yu , Hou Wen-Hsuan , Liu Megan Fang , Chen Ching-Min , Hadi Hamam , Tan Maw Pin , Tsai Pei-Shan
Published: February 2021

Reduced peak expiratory flow is a common physiological change in older individuals and age is an important predictor for sarcopenia. We analyzed nationwide survey data to determine the relationship between peak expiratory flow rate and sarcopenia in older Indonesians. Community-dwelling Indonesian individuals aged ≥60 years (n = 2422; mean age = 67.21 y) from the fifth-wave data of the Indonesian Family Life Survey was selected. Sarcopenia was diagnosed based on handgrip strength, gait speed, and appendicular skeletal muscle mass measurements. Peak expiratory flow rates (PEFRs) were categorized according to their percentage of predicted flow rates as <50%, 50% to 80%, and >80%. Confounders previously determined to be associated with sarcopenia occurrence were included. Sarcopenia prevalence was 50.25%. After adjustment for confounders, PEFRs of <50% and 50% to 80% were associated with an increased sarcopenia risk (odds ratio = 5.22 and 1.88, respectively) compared with PEFRs of >80%. Poor lung function was independently associated with sarcopenia occurrence. Future studies should explore the usefulness of PEFR as a risk factor of sarcopenia.
Evolutionary advantages of turning points in human cooperative behaviour
Authors: Vilone Daniele , Realpe-Gómez John , Andrighetto Giulia
Published: February 2021

Cooperation is crucial to overcome some of the most pressing social challenges of our times, such as the spreading of infectious diseases, corruption and environmental conservation. Yet, how cooperation emerges and persists is still a puzzle for social scientists. Since human cooperation is individually costly, cooperative attitudes should have been eliminated by natural selection in favour of selfishness. Yet, cooperation is common in human societies, so there must be some features which make it evolutionarily advantageous. Using a cognitive inspired model of human cooperation, recent work Realpe-Gómez (2018) has reported signatures of criticality in human cooperative groups. Theoretical evidence suggests that being poised at a critical point provides evolutionary advantages to groups by enhancing responsiveness of these systems to external attacks. After showing that signatures of criticality can be detected in human cooperative groups composed by Moody Conditional Cooperators, in this work we show that being poised close to a turning point enhances the fitness and make individuals more resistant to invasions by free riders.
Trophic structure of a nektobenthic community exploited by a multispecific bottom trawling fishery in Northeastern Brazil
Authors: Lira Alex Souza , Lucena-Frédou Flávia , Ménard Frédéric , Frédou Thierry , Gonzalez Júlio Guazzelli , Ferreira Valdimere , Filho José Souto Rosa , Munaron Jean-Marie , Le Loc’h François
Published: February 2021

We used complementary stable isotope (SIA) and stomach content (SCA) analyses to investigate feeding relationships among species of the nektobenthic communities and the potential ecological effects of the bottom trawling of a coastal ecosystem in northeastern Brazil. Carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N) compositions were determined for five basal sources and 28 consumers, from zooplankton to shrimp and fish species. Fishes and basal sources showed a broad range of δ15N (fishes: 6.49–14.94‰; sources: 2.58–6.79‰) and δ13C values (fishes: -23.86 to -13.71‰; sources: -24.32 to -13.53‰), while shrimps and crabs exhibited similar nitrogen and carbon ratios. Six trophic consumer groups were determined among zooplankton, crustaceans and fishes by SIA, with trophic pathways associated mostly with benthic sources. SCA results indicated a preference for benthic invertebrates, mainly worms, crabs and shrimps, as prey for the fish fauna, highlighting their importance in the food web. In overall, differences between SCA and the SIA approaches were observed, except for groups composed mainly for shrimps and some species of high δ15N values, mostly piscivorous and zoobenthivores. Given the absence of regulation for bottom trawling activities in the area, the cumulative effects of trawling on population parameters, species composition, potentially decreasing the abundance of benthic preys (e.g., shrimps, worms and crabs) may lead to changes in the trophic structure potentially affect the food web and the sustainability of the fishery.
Hybrid BW-EDAS MCDM methodology for optimal industrial robot selection
Authors: Rashid Tabasam , Ali Asif , Chu Yu-Ming
Published: February 2021

Industrial robots have different capabilities and specifications according to the required applications. It is becoming difficult to select a suitable robot for specific applications and requirements due to the availability of several types with different specifications of robots in the market. Best-worst method is a useful, highly consistent and reliable method to derive weights of criteria and it is worthy to integrate it with the evaluation based on distance from average solution (EDAS) method that is more applicable and needs fewer number of calculations as compared to other methods. An example is presented to show the validity and usability of the proposed methodology. Comparison of ranking results matches with the well-known distance-based approach, technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution and VIseKriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenje (VIKOR) methods showing the robustness of the best-worst EDAS hybrid method. Sensitivity analysis performed using eighty to one ratio shows that the proposed hybrid MCDM methodology is more stable and reliable.
The C3/465 glycan hole cluster in BG505 HIV-1 envelope is the major neutralizing target involved in preventing mucosal SHIV infection
Authors: Charles Tysheena P. , Burton Samantha L. , Arunachalam Prabhu S. , Cottrell Christopher A. , Sewall Leigh M. , Bollimpelli Venkata S. , Gangadhara Sailaja , Dey Antu K. , Ward Andrew B. , Shaw George M. , Hunter Eric , Amara Rama R. , Pulendran Bali , van Gils Marit J. , Derdeyn Cynthia A.
Published: February 2021

Stabilized HIV-1 envelope (Env) trimers elicit tier 2 autologous neutralizing antibody (nAb) responses in immunized animals. We previously demonstrated that BG505 SOSIP.664.T332N gp140 (BG505 SOSIP) immunization of rhesus macaques (RM) provided robust protection against autologous intra-vaginal simian-human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV) challenge that was predicted by high serum nAb titers. Here, we show that nAb in these protected RM targeted a glycan hole proximal to residue 465 in gp120 in all cases. nAb also targeted another glycan hole at residues 241/289 and an epitope in V1 at varying frequencies. Non-neutralizing antibodies directed at N611-shielded epitopes in gp41 were also present but were more prevalent in RM with low nAb titers. Longitudinal analysis demonstrated that nAb broadened in some RM during sequential immunization but remained focused in others, the latter being associated with increases in nAb titer. Thirty-eight monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) isolated from a protected RM with an exceptionally high serum neutralization titer bound to the trimer in ELISA, and four of the mAbs potently neutralized the BG505 Env pseudovirus (PV) and SHIV. The four neutralizing mAbs were clonally related and targeted the 465 glycan hole to varying degrees, mimicking the serum. The data demonstrate that the C3/465 glycan hole cluster was the dominant neutralization target in high titer protected RM, despite other co-circulating neutralizing and non-neutralizing specificities. The isolation of a neutralizing mAb family argues that clonotype expansion occurred during BG505 SOSIP immunization, leading to high titer, protective nAb and setting a desirable benchmark for HIV vaccines.
The past at the edge of the future: Landscape painting and contemporary places
Authors: Malcolm Annie
Published: February 2021

In this article, I offer an ethnographic account of Wutong Shan, and engage landscape painting as an interpretative device. Wutong Shan represents a unique phenomenon of urban transformation in that its residents cultivate a life harkening back to a rural past in an attempt to build a utopia unfettered by the deafening noise of modernity, which can easily be found down the road in Shenzhen, China’s newest city. Similar to what landscape painters throughout history have created through image, Wutong residents create a world of retreat, escape and natural beauty in a space at the edge of the urban. Both a landscape painting and this ethnographic place are built through a set of creative acts, a sense of self-cultivation, and a desire for escape. In Wutong Shan, the other side of the creative process is a livable environment rather than an art object. One of the ways I read landscape painting to understand Wutong Shan is by thinking with contemporary Chinese art works that, through illusion, revisit the landscape in light of industrial urbanization. I bring together three strains of thinking: (1) my contemporary ethnographic research on Wutong Art Village, (2) understandings of Chinese landscape paintings and their associated conceptions of nature and utopia and (3) contemporary art that renegotiates the landscape form, analysed through the emergent field of eco-art history.
Sob a lente da Ciência Aberta: Olhares de Portugal, Espanha e Brasil
Authors: Borges Maria Manuel , Casado Elias Sanz
Published: February 2021

É sob o signo da Ciência Aberta que a comunicação da ciência se faz hoje. Esta obra propõe-se refletir sobre algumas das vertentes deste conceito guarda-chuva que é a Ciência Aberta a partir de visões de Portugal, Espanha e Brasil. Trata-se de repensar o que são os ciclos de produção, disseminação e avaliação da ciência, um objeto em fuga quando se pretende fixá-lo dentro de parâmetros que ainda correspondem ao universo atual, ao mesmo tempo que se procura antecipar o futuro por força da tecnologia digital.
Nuevo modelo conceptual de transferencia del conocimiento
Authors: Mato de la Iglesia Salustiano
Published: February 2021

En este libro se describe un nuevo modelo para definir la transferencia de conocimiento que ha servido para sentar las bases del actual sexenio de transferencia que se propuso desde CRUE como un sistema compatible y complementario al de investigación; es decir que permiten también la promoción profesional, el reconocimiento y el prestigio de los investigadores. Con ello se busca un cambio de actitud y finalmente de cultura, que llevará a nuestros investigadores a salir de forma más activa al mundo real en busca de formas y maneras en las que su conocimiento pueda ayudar a resolver los problemas y las necesidades de la sociedad en la que se vive. En este contexto, nace este libro en el que intentaré desgranar el concepto de transferencia de conocimiento, para qué la debemos aplicar y sobre todo cómo ha de entenderse y valorarse a nivel institucional e individual. Todo ello dentro del cambio de paradigma que ha supuesto la definición por parte de la CRUE de un nuevo modelo de Trasferencia del Conocimiento. Con el propósito, consistente en abordar el tránsito hacia esta tercera misión de la universidad. Para tal fin, se plantea y se diseña un procedimiento metodológico que resulte homogéneo, objetivo a la vez que replicable (cuantitativa y cualitativamente) en todas las universidades y centros de investigación españoles que propugnan y trabajan en esta tercera misión, entendida como el motor indiscutible para el progreso y la mejora del bienestar general en la sociedad.
Familial Colorectal Cancer and Genetic Susceptibility: Colorectal Risk Variants in First-Degree Relatives of Patients With Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Gargallo-Puyuelo Carla J. , Lanas Ángel , Carrera-Lasfuentes Patricia , Ferrández Ángel , Quintero Enrique , Carrillo Marta , Alonso-Abreu Inmaculada , García-González María Asunción
Published: February 2021

INTRODUCTION:

Epidemiological studies estimate that having a first-degree relative (FDR) with colorectal cancer (CRC) increases 2-fold to 3-fold the risk of developing the disease. Because FDRs of CRC patients are more likely to co-inherit CRC risk variants, we aimed to evaluate potential differences in genotype distribution of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) related to CRC risk between FDRs of patients with nonsyndromic CRC (cases) and individuals with no family history of CRC (controls).

METHODS:

We designed a case-control study comprising 750 cases and 750 Spanish Caucasian controls matched by sex, age, and histological findings after colonoscopy. Genomic DNA from all participants was genotyped for 88 SNPs associated with CRC risk using the MassArray (Sequenom) platform.

RESULTS:

Ten of the 88 SNPs analyzed revealed significant associations (P < 0.05) with a family history of CRC in our population. The most robust associations were found for the rs17094983G>A SNP in the long noncoding RNA LINC01500 (odds ratio = 0.72; 95% confidence interval: 0.58–0.88, log-additive model), and the rs11255841T>A SNP in the long noncoding RNA LINC00709 (odds ratio = 2.04; 95% confidence interval: 1.19–3.51, dominant model). Of interest, the observed associations were in the same direction than those reported for CRC risk.

DISCUSSION:

FDRs of CRC patients show significant differences in genotype distribution of SNPs related to CRC risk as compared to individuals with no family history of CRC. Genotyping of CRC risk variants in FDRs of CRC patients may help to identify subjects at risk that would benefit from stricter surveillance and CRC screening programs.
PROTECTED AND PARTIALLY PROTECTED FAT SOURCES FROM RUMINAL DEGRADATION FOR PREGNANT SHEEP
Authors: Sousa Luciana Melo , Macedo Junior Gilberto de Lima , Araújo Maria Julia Pereira de , Silva Adriana Lima , Jesus Thauane Ariel Valadares de , Oliveira Karla Alves
Published: February 2021

As fontes de gordura representam importante componente na alimentação animal. Entretanto, os ruminantes não evoluíram para degradar de forma eficiente os lipídeos. Visto isso, é necessário estudar como a suplementação desses produtos pode afetar o desempenho dos animais. Objetivou-se avaliar a utilização de diferentes fontes de lipídeos para ovelhas gestantes sobre o consumo, metabólitos e desempenho. O experimento foi realizado na Fazenda Experimental Capim Branco, no setor de caprinos e ovinos da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, durante os meses de agosto a novembro de 2015. Foram utilizadas 24 ovelhas gestantes com peso corporal médio de 50 kg e idade aproximada de 12 meses. Os animais foram divididos em três tratamentos (Controle, Nutrigordura® e Caroço de Algodão). O volumoso utilizado foi a silagem de milho. A relação volumoso:concentrado foi de 60:40 (na matéria seca). As mensurações de peso corporal, escore corporal e medidas biométricas foram feitas a cada 21 dias. Foi realizada uma avaliação de comportamento ingestivo durante todo o experimento. A mensuração do consumo foi feita de forma descritiva. Logo após o parto, as ovelhas e suas crias foram pesadas e feita a circunferência do barril e coletado sangue da mãe. O delineamento utilizado foi inteiramente ao acaso com medidas repetidas ao tempo. Foi verificado maior tempo gasto com alimentação e mastigação no tratamento com caroço de algodão e consequentemente menor tempo em ócio nesse tratamento. Não houve diferença estatística no peso, circunferência do barril (CB) e escore de condição corporal (ECC) das ovelhas nos diferentes tratamentos. Verificou-se crescimento linear nas medidas de CB e peso das ovelhas ao decorrer dos períodos avaliados. Houve diferença entre os tratamentos para o peso médio das crias. A utilização de gordura com diferentes perfis de degradação em relação ao carboidrato solúvel melhora o desempenho produtivo e nutricional de ovelhas gestantes.
SORGHUM CULTURE INITIAL ESTABLISHMENT BASED ON SOWING MACHINES WORKING SPEED AND FURROWING MECHANISMS
Authors: Coutinho Longui Flávio , Mariano Leite Daniel , Magalhães Lêdo de Oliveira Amanda , Jesus De Moraes Camila , Bastos Santos Leonardo , Hugo Borges Souza Vitor
Published: February 2021

Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar, em condições de campo, o desempenho de uma semeadora-adubadora no estabelecimento inicial e na produtividade da cultura do sorgo, em função da velocidade de trabalho e profundidade de deposição de semente. O experimento foi conduzido na fazenda experimental de São Gonçalo dos Campos, localizada no município de São Gonçalo dos Campos, BA, pertencente a Escola de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, da Universidade Federal da Bahia – UFBA. Sendo conduzido em esquema fatorial 3x3 em DIC, com 36 unidades experimentais, com três velocidades de deslocamento, sendo elas de 4, 6 e 8 km h-1 (1,11, 1,67 e 2,22 m s-1) e três profundidades de deposição de semeadura (0,01, 0,03 e 0,05 m). Avaliaram-se a altura de deposição de sementes, a altura da planta em 30, 60 e 90 dias e a produtividade por m2 após 90 dias. A velocidade de trabalho não apresentou influência significativa para os parâmetros avaliados. A regulagem de deposição de semente não apresentou influência significativa para a produtividade da cultura, porém influenciou a deposição real de sementes e a altura das plantas nos dois primeiros cortes. Conclui-se que, a semeadura nas velocidades de 4 a 8 km h-1, e o plantio realizado entre 0,01 a 0,05 m não influenciam na produtividade da cultura do sorgo; assim recomenda-se realizar o plantio na velocidade de 8 km h-1 com uma profundidade de 0,05m.
Study on System Design and Integration of Variable Buoyancy Systems for Underwater Operation
Authors: Tiwari B. K. , Sharma R.
Published: February 2021

This paper presents the design and analysis of the ‘Variable Buoyancy System (VBS)’ for depth control which is an essential operation for all underwater vehicles. We use the ‘Water Hydraulic Variable Buoyancy System (WHVBS)’ method to control the buoyancy and discuss details of the system design architecture of various components of VBS. The buoyancy capacity of the developed VBS is five kilograms and the performance of the VBS in standalone mode is analysed using numerical simulation. Presented VBS is operable to control the buoyancy up to sixty meters of depth and it can be directly installed to medium size UVs. Simulation results show that the developed VBS can reduce the energy consumption significantly and higher in each cycle (i.e. descending and ascending) of the same VBS in standalone mode being operated with either propeller or thruster for sixty meters depth of operation. Our results conclude and demonstrate that the designed VBS is effective in changing the buoyancy and controlling the heave velocity efficiently and this serves the purpose of higher endurance and better performances desired in rescue/attack operations related to the UVs both in civilian and defense domains.
Context aware Routing to Assist Routing Decisions for Quality Improvement in Multi Hop Ad hoc Networks
Authors: Saini Trilok Kumar , Sharma Subhash C.
Published: February 2021

The context information is an intriguing aspect of decision making. The context-awareness can be useful in the ad hoc networks in which nodes are mobile, and the conditions are dynamic. In ad hoc networks, routing protocols are intended to discover the route over multi-hop wireless links under varying conditions. The context-awareness can assist the routing protocols in determining the appropriate path. This paper investigates into choosing the appropriate route by applying the context information and presents the approach to improve the decision making and the quality of the route. We consider nodes, connecting links, and different layers as the context. The paper introduces the scalability and flexibility in the set of parameters that govern the eminence of the node inter-connection that, in turn, influences the overall quality of the route. We propose the context-aware dynamic routing protocol (CADR) and present the approach, algorithm, and analysis. We simulate the protocol by taking the flexible combination of the context attributes and the values, also compares the performance with AODV. The simulation results show that the protocol chooses the appropriate route as per the considered attributes and weight, and provide the enhanced performance
Analysis of Reinforcing Factor with Involvement of Informal Sector Workers in Occupational Health Post (Pos UKK)
Authors: Husnan Khair Muhammad Dyas , Sriatmi Ayun , Kurniawan Bina
Published: February 2021

Background: Occupational Health Post (Pos UKK) is a program aims to improve occupational health and productivity of informal sector workers in Indonesia through promotive, preventive, simple curative and rehabilitative care with the principle of Community Based Health Efforts (UKBM). The number of Pos UKK registered in Semarang City Health Office is 30 units. The results of the preliminary study illustrate different situations because there were only 6 Pos UKK. Among those, only 2 were active (6.7%) from the registered Pos UKK. It’s alleged that inactivity of Pos UKK due to low support from various parties and impacted on low sustainability of the program. This study aims to analyze the reinforcing factor with the involvement of informal sector workers in Pos UKK in Semarang City.Methods : Quantitative study with cross sectional approach. Population were 146 workers and selected sample were 70 workers. Independent variables include co-worker support, business owner support and Community Health Centre (Puskesmas) support and dependent variable is involvement of informal sector workers in Pos UKK.Results : Majority of informal sector workers involvement in Pos UKK were low (51,43%). Co-worker and business owners support was good but Puskesmas support as guide was not. Statistically, co-worker support (p = 0,000, OR = 30.8), business owner support (p <0.001, OR = 10.6) and Puskesmas support (p <0.001, OR = 13.5) proved to have a significant relationship. Conclusion:This study showed that reinforcing factors have significant relationship in increasing involvement of informal sector workers in Pos UKK to ensure program sustainability. Puskesmas is expected to provide continuing assistance and socialization about the benefits of Pos UKK to informal sector workers.
Knowledge, Attitudes, And Access To Information Related To The Prevention Practices During The Covid-19 Pandemic (A study to undergraduate students of Public Health Diponegoro University)
Authors: Elygio Laura Respati Denta , Widjanarko Bagoes , Handayani Novia
Published: February 2021

Background: Health protocols of COVID-19 prevention need to be applied to suppress the cases. However, the application requires good understanding that has never been studied before, especially among public health students of Diponegoro University. Therefore, this study investigated the knowledge, attitudes, and access to information towards prevention of COVID-19 pandemicMethods: This type of research was descriptive analytic with quantitative approach, and cross sectional research design with a sample of 100 respondents (student from Faculty of Public Health Diponegoro University) selected by using probability sampling. The instrument used was an online questionnaire. Data analysis used is univariate and bivariate with chi-square testResults: The results showed that the respondent's age was dominated by age ≥ 20 years (63%) with the gender mostly female (85%). Knowledge (p = 0.015), attitude (p = 0.013), and access to information (p = 0.000) were related to the practice of Public Health student in preventing COVID-19. Besides, access to information has a significant relation with the prevention practices and internet particularly social media is the source of information most accessed by student (89%).Conclusion: It is necessary to increase Public Health student awareness, mainly about the dangers of COVID-19, avoiding misinformation, and there required to be more surveillance for personal activities and communities that have the potential to be exposed to COVID-19.
The Network Structure of the Forestry Research as a Scientific Field in Turkey between 1999 and 2019
Authors: Dervis Hamid , Ayan Sezgin
Published: February 2021

This study aims to analyse and map the network structure of the scholarly communications in the realm of forestry research between 1999 and 2019 in Turkey using bibliometric analysis and social network analysis methods of the articles published within Clarivate Analytics’ Web of Science (WoS). A total of 8689 records, including their bibliographic data, were extracted from WoS. The analysis of each sub-period shows that the number of international collaboration of Turkish authors has increased globally from 23 countries in the first sub-period to 113 countries in the last sub-period within forestry publications. Also, the annual percentage rate of publications has increased from 58 articles in 1999 to 1016 in 2019 in the realm of forestry alongside with their received average citations in each sub-period. Multi-author articles precede single-author articles in the field of forestry in each sub-period. This research is the first analysis of forest research production using bibliometric and network analysis in Turkey. According to the results biomass, remote sensing and climate change were current trends on forest research in Turkey. Incidentally, the research findings can be used by policymakers regarding future investments in forestry research development.
Frazeologiczne innowacje modyfikujące w powieści Waldemara Łysiaka Kielich
Authors: Kuryłowicz Beata
Published: February 2021

The author characterizes phraseological modifying innovations occurring in Waldemar Łysiak’s novel Kielich (Chalice). The analysis reveals that modified phrases are present mostly in the speech of the main character serving specified functions: they influence the main character speech’s individualization, emphasize subjectivity, decorate and refresh old phrases imagery, thus increasing utterance expressionism.
O pewnym typie religijnych tekstów pamiątkowych (Obrazek prymicyjny)
Authors: Nowak Małgorzata
Published: February 2021

The author proposes an linguistically-oriented analysis of the inscriptions in the pictures that a newly ordained priest gives to his faithful in order to commemorate the celebration of his First Mass. The source material contains 625 texts from the years 1907-2004. The research made on the material allows drawing the following conclusions: 1. Owing to the fact that the analyzed inscriptions realize the primary genological categories: intention of behind the utterance, typical linguistic form of the text (its fixed, schematic, recognizable and intuitively identifiable structure), the source texts may be described within the framework of text linguistics, and may be treated as an independent speech variety. 2. The canonical pattern of the text is realized in the following structure: a religious quotation (Oto idę Panie pełnić Twoją wolę (Ps 40, 8); Tylko miłość jest Twórcza (St. Maksymilian Kolbe)), some information about the intention and the type of linguistic action (Na pamiątkę święceń kapłańskich z błogosławieństwem prymicyjnym ofiaruję), self-presentation of the author, spacio-temporal localization, corteous and religious speech acts (Dziękuję Ci Boże za Tych, spośród których wyszedłem, z którymi jestem i do których mnie poślesz; Boże, błogosław Rodzicom, Rodzeństwu oraz Tym, którzy pomogli mi dojść do Twego Ołtarza). 3. The utterances under analysis share the linguistic code – verbal and iconic. They also represent a variety of speech acts: blessing, prayer, request and words of gratitude. 4. The schematic nature of the First Mass picture inscription is partly explained by the limitations of the linguistic system: linguistic means of expressing blessing or gratitude are limited.
Беларуска-польскае лiтаратурнае памежжа ў эстэтычнай прасторы ХIХ стагоддзя
Authors:   Grodzieński Uniwersytet Państwowy im. Janki Kupały, Brusewicz Anatol
Published: February 2021

Артыкул прысвечаны праблемам пранiкнення ў Польшу i Белорусь iдэi заходноеўрапейскага рамантызму (найперш немецкага), у вынiку чаго ўся эстетычная i мастацкая парадыгма беларуска-польскага лiтаратурнага памежжа паступова мяняецца, адкрываючы новыя гарызонты для славеснга мастацтва. Адной з асаблiвасцей функцыянавання гэтай парадыгмы з’яўляецца яе адносна просты пераход ад класiчнай мадэлi да рамантычнай мадэлi, што было ў значнай ступенi аблегчана палiтычнай сiтуацыяй, аб’ядноўваючы як класiцыстаў, так i рамантыкаў у спробах аднавiть страчаную радзiму – Рэч Паспалiтую Абодвух Народаў. Такiм чынам, у працэсе дыялогу i ў канфрантацыi памiж прадстаўнiкамi класiцiзму i рамантызму iдэя свабоды становiцца ключавой. Гэта яна стварыла асноўныя вектары развiцця беларуска-польскага лiтаратурнага памежжа ў эстэтычнай прасторы ХIХ стагоддзя.
От романтических баллад к шляхецкой гавенде: жанровая эволюция творчества Яна Барщевского
Authors:   Grodzieński Państwowy Uniwersytet im. Janki Kupały, Bilutenko Helena
Published: February 2021

Творчество Яна Барщевского отражает историю белорусского народа, его менталитет, философию и отношение к жизни. Жанровый и стилевой полифонизм его произведений обусловлен как собственно мировоззрением автора (религиозность, связь с эпистемологией и философией XVIII века), так и влиянием эстетики романтизма и жанров притчи, романтической баллады, сказки, гавенды. Предметом специального наблюдения являются особенности художественной формы книги «Шляхтич Завальня, или Беларусь в фантастических рассказах», связанной с использованием романтической шляхетской гавенды. Сказки, или фантастические рассказы, прекрасно вписываются в рамки хорошо знакомой формулы коллоквиального контакта, свойственного шляхетской гавенде. Барщевский использует известный прием, когда рассказ выводится из хорошо аранжированного ситуационного претекста. При этом схема интродукции в виде традиционной беседы или диалога является формальным сигналом “гавендовой” ситуации. В книге Я. Барщевского создается двух- или многоуровневая структура текста, которую можно соотнести с поэтикой цитирования в гавенде. У Барщевского мы находим также многоплановость текста, в котором соседствуют информативный уровень и оценочный, многочисленные комментарии и откровенное морализирование, также связанные с гавендой.
Паэма Янкi Купалы «Сон на кургане» ў кантэксце еўрапейскай рамантычнай традыцыi
Authors:   Białoruski Uniwersytet Państwowy, Tyczko Halina
Published: February 2021

Сiмволiка-алегарычная паэма Янкi Купалы «Сон на кургане» мае сiнкрэтычны характар. У творы прадстаўлены два светы: рэальны i мiстычны – створаныя на аснове паяднання элементаў народнай мiфалогii i культуры з вобразамi i сiмваламi сусветнай мастацкай практыкi. Паэма Янкi Купалы паводле будовы адпавядае прынцыпам драмы «адкрытай формы», якая карыстаецца тэхнiкай зменных пунктаў бачання, фрагментарнымi сцэнамi без выразнай прычынна-вынiковай сувязi. Галоуны герой твора Сам – выключная асоба, гiпатэтычны Збаўца – адзiн (сам) спрабуе вярнуць агульнанародны страчаны скарб – незалежнасць краiны i свабоду народа. Асаблiвасцю нацыянальнай лiтаратуры пачатку ХХ ст. была асацыятыўная повязь вобраза жанчыны -мацi з вобразам Беларусi. У творчасцi Купалы гэты вобраз паяднаны з хрысцiянскiм матывам – Маладой (царквы), што чакае свайго Жанiха (Хрыста) i вяселля (другое прышэсце). У Купалы Маладая – гэта Беларусь, а Жанiх – тыя вызвольныя сiлы, што прынясуць ёй доўгачаканую незалежнасць. Асаблiвасць адлюстравання вяселля ў творах Янкi Купалы – яго няскончанасць i дваiстасць.
Лiрычныя адступленнi як элемент жыццятворчасцi ў паэме Якуба Коласа “Новая зямля”: фiласофскiя матывы
Authors:   Narodowa Akademia Nauk Białorusi, Trafimczyk Anatol
Published: February 2021

У артыкуле разглядаюцца лiрычныя адступленнi ў паэме Якуба Коласа “Новая зямля”. Непасрэдным прадметам аналiзу стаў iх фiласофскi змест. Прасочваецца iх жыццятворчы пачатак. У iх турбуе паэта найбольш праблематыка жыцця i смерцi. Гэты одум прасякнуты экзiстэнцыйным сумам. Аднак пэўнай кампенсацыяй становяцца жыццёвыя радасцi: любiмая праца, вузкае кола родных i блiзкiх, – у гэтым бачыцца аўтару “Новай зямлi” сапраўднае жыццё. Для самога паэта такiм адхланнем з’яўляецца яшчэ i творчасць. Сцвярджаецца, што асновай паэмы з’яўляюцца якраз лiрычныя адступленнi. Эпiчная лiнiя ўводзiцца праз успамiны i падмацоўвае метафiзiчныя рэфлексii.
Рэканструкцыя архетыпа як сродак спасцiжэння аўтарскага несвядомага (на прыкладзе твораў Максiма Гарэцкага вяцкага перыяду)
Authors:   Białoruski Państwowy Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny, Gubskaja Wolga
Published: February 2021

У артыкуле рэканструiруюцца архетыпы «раскаянага грэшнiка» i «трыкстэра» у выбраных творах Максiма Гарэцкага Вяцкага перыяду. Падкрэслiваецца, што ў рамках унутрылiтаратурнай прасторы аналiз вобразаў з канатацыямi архетыпаў у творах М. Гарэцкага дазваляе выявiць псiхалагiчны стан пiсьменнiка, яго затоенае ego, што з’яўляецца каштоўным матэрыяалам для разумення лiтаратурнай спадчыны як беларускага класiка, так i мастацкай лiтаратуры ў целым. Даказваецца, што пiсьменнiк не мадэлiраваў учынкi лiтаратурных персанажаў твора свядома, падстройваючыся пад стэрэатып паводзiн згодна архетыпу. Увага акцэнтуецца i на адсутнасцi архетыпiчных сюжэтаў. Актуалiзацыя архетыпаў у згаданых творах носiць несвядомы характер.
Нiзка “Iскрынкi” Янкi Брыля як мастацкае адзiнства
Authors:   Grodzieński Uniwersytet Państwowy im. Janki Kupały, Nikifarawa Wolga
Published: February 2021

Янка Брыль ахвотна вяртаўся да цыклiзацыi сваiх твораў, дасягаючы такiм чынам большай маштабнасцi выяўлення i iдэйнага зместу. У артыкуле разглядаецца яго цыкл з дзевяцi мiнiяцюр пад агульнай назвай “Iскрынкi” (1982–1994). Ён эвалюцыянiраваў з аднайменай групы чатырох лiрычных запiсаў (1989). Пры гэтым пiсьменнiк не абмежаваў сваю задуму ўзнаўленнем шэрагу эпiзодаў уласнага дзяцiнства. Чалавечым цэнтрам цыклу ён зрабiу лiрычнага героя – сына веку, носьбiта ўнiверсальных гуманiстычных iдаалаў. У якасцi цыклаўтваральных фактараў Я. Брыль выкарыстаў таксама адзiнства стылю, жанру i хранотопу, лiрычны сюжет, арганiзаваны як сiтуацыя ўспамiну, супастаўлення мiнулага i сапраўднага, сiстэму лейтматываў i скразных персанажаў.
Сацыяльная тэматыка ў сучаснай лiтаратуры для дзяцей i юнацтва: сусветныя тэндэнцыi i нацыяльнальная традыцыя
Authors:   Białoruski Uniwersytet Państwowy, Alejnik Lada
Published: February 2021

У артыкуле разглядаюцца мастацкiя асаблiвасцi сучаснай лiтаратуры для дзяцей i юнацтва на вострыя сацыяльныя тэмы. Выяўляюцца агульныя тэндэнцыi сусветнай лiтаратуры, адрасаванай юным чытачам, i адметнасцi айчыннай лiтаратурнай традыцыi. Падставовым тэкстам з’яўляецца аповесць сучаснага беларускага пiсьменнiка Алеся Бадака “Адзiнокi васьмiкласнiк хоча пазнаёмiцца”. Вызначаецца патэнцыял мастацкага твора як фактара сацыялiзацыi чытача.
Iдэйна-фiласофскi змест аповесцi Алеся Адамовiча “Карнiкi” ў кантэксце антынiцшэанскай плынi еўрапейскага гуманiзму ХIХ–ХХ стагоддзяў
Authors:   Brzeski Państwowy Uniwersytet im. A. S. Puszkina, Papou Anton
Published: February 2021

У артыкуле разглядаецца iдэйна-фiласофскi змест аповесцi Алеся Адамовiча “Карнiкi. Радасць нажа, або Жыццеапiсанне гiпербарэяў”. Аналiзiруецца стратэгiя выкрыцця ў творы iдэi “звышчалавечнасцi” нямецкага фiлосафа Ф. Нiцшэ. Выяўляецца наватарства А. Адамовiча ў выкарыстаннi прыёмаў плынi свядомасцi i чорнага псiхалагiзму для раскрыцця вобразаў карнiкаў батальёна Дзiрлевангера. Звяртаючыся пры разглядзе аповесцi беларускага пiсьменiка да кантексту агульнаеўрапейскага гуманiстычнага лiтаратурна-грамадскага руху “антынiцшэанства”, аўтар артыкула адзначае iдэйныя сыходжаннi памiж аповесцю “Карнiкi” i творчасцю Ф. Дастаеўскага i Л. Талстога.
Этнiчная iдэнтыфiкацыя i катэгарызацыя беларусаў i лiтоўцаў у ХIХ стагоддзi
Authors:   Narodowa Akademia Nauk Białorusi, Wnukowicz Juryj
Published: February 2021

У артыкуле аналiзуюцца асноўныя прынцыпы i iнструменты этнiчнай iдэнтыфiкацыi i катэгарызацыi беларусаў i лiтоўцаў у ХIХ стагоддзi. Метадалагiчным падмуркам даследавання сталi палажэннi тэарэтыкаў канструктывiсцкага напрамку вывучэння феномена этнiчнасцi, якiя разглядалi этнiчныя групы ў кантэксце сацыяльнага канструявання iх iдэнтычнасцей. Асаблiвая ўвага ў артыкуле звернута на тое, якiм чынам у навуковым дыскурсе ХIХ стагоддзя адбывалася знешняя катэгарызацыя беларусаў i лiтоўцаў i, адпаведна, як канструявалiся сiмвалiчныя межы памiж iмi, iнтэрпрэтаваныя даследчыкамi як этнiчныя.
Рэпрэзентацыя вобраза сястры мiласэрнасцi ў народнапесеннай творчасцi аб вайне
Authors:   Państwowy Białoruski Uniwersytet Kultury i Sztuki, Hułak Nastassia
Published: February 2021

На аснове архiўных матэрыялаў па беларускаму фальклору часоў Вялiкай Айчыннай вайны i пазнейшых разгледжаны арыгiнальны сюжэтна-тэматычны цыкл лiрычных песень пра сястру мiласэрнасцi, якi ўяўляе сабой пласт народнапесеннай традыцыi, раней практычна выключаны з даследчага поля. Устаноўлена, што вобраз сястры мiласэрнасцi, з’яўляючыся познетрадыцыйным, не знаходзiць рэлевантных аналогiй у класiчным фальклоры, яго ўзнiкненне дэтэрмiнавана сацыяльна-гiстарычнымi рэалiямi ХIХ–ХХ стст., сярод якiх вызначальную ролю адыграла дзейнасць суполак Чырвонага Крыжа. Да крызiсу Першай сусветнай вайны i рэвалюцыйных падзей у грамадскай свядомасцi i культурнай практыцы семантыку вобраза сястры мiласэрнасцi вызначалi маральныя iдэi хрысцiянскага служэння i дабрачыннасцi, на што паказваюць факты традыцыi салдацкай песнi. Пазней ён десакралiзуецца, межы яго семантыкi пашыраюцца, што пацвярджаецца прыкладамi гарадскога фальклору ХХ ст. У час Вялiкай Айчыннай вайны ў рэпертуары партызан i насельнiцтва Беларусi актуалiзавалася традыцыя салдацкай дарэвалюцыйнай песнi, якую рэпрэзэнтуе сюжэт з асноўным матывам «сястра мiласэрнасцi суцяшае салдата», што абумоўлена яго змястоўнымi i фармальна-стылявымi характарыстыкамi.
Сацыяльна-палiтычны стрыт-арт як постфольклорны кампанент гарадскога ландшафту (кейс “сцяны Шчоткiнай” у Мiнску)
Authors:   Narodowa Akademia Nauk Białorusi, Marmysh Tatsiana
Published: February 2021

У артыкуле абмяркоўваецца адна з важнейшых падзей Мiнскага вулiчнага мастацтва за апошнiя гады, чым стала з’яўленне на карце горада “сцяны Щоткiнай”. Стаўшы часткай новай тапаграфii горада, сцяна дэмонструе пост-фальклорны характар праз пiсьменнасць, ананiмнасць, варыантнасць, сiнкрэтызм, сацыяльную арыентацыю i часовасць графiцi, размешчаных на ёй. Сцяна вызначаецца як месца для камунiкатыўнай гульнi голаса грамадства, сiмвал цэнзуры грамадскай прасторы i жартаўлiвае месца памяцi.
Parents and Teachers’ Involvement in Designing Educational Programmes within the Albanian Curricula of Pre-university Education: Their Perceptions in this Context
Authors:   Aleksandër Moisiu University of Durrës, Lumani Zaçellari Manjola , Miço Heliona ,   Epoka University
Published: February 2021

The purpose of this study is to analyse the legislative measures and their implementation regarding the participation of children, parents and teachers in creating an educational program in pre-university education system, as a need for better involvement in school of all the actors, as well as the need for the children’s wellbeing. In addition, the study aims to bring parents’ and teachers’ views on the obstacles they face when they try to collaborate and participate in school life and in designing an educational program. Qualitative methods are used to achieve the aim of this study. The data were collected through document analysis (legislation, strategies, and regulations) for analysing how the law addresses participation of children, parents and teachers’ in school and through semi-structured interviews with parents and teachers from two primary schools so that they can state their perceptions on participation in school life. Each of them was posed 12 different interview questions. After evaluating the responses, some important issues were identiﬁed. The participation of children, parents and teachers in Albanian education system has changed in recent years, even promoted as a key that leads to success. However, because of the monist system, where such participation was neither legally recognised nor culturally accepted, this trinomial collaboration has not been easily introduced and integrated in the Albanian educational system. However, parents do not feel very involved in school life, or appreciated when they try to get involved, even though it is legally admitted the need for the collaboration between family and school. They neither take part in the approval of the curricula of the educational institution, nor in the selection of school textbooks as provided by the law. Research has shown that schools as bureaucratic and conservative institutions need to have clear written policies to encourage the participation of the parents and children when drafting an education program. However, when teachers were asked about parents’ participation in school, they said that in many cases parents neglect the collaboration with the school and appear usually when there are problems or troubles, while the participation of children in creating an educational program is still lagging behind.