bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
High atmospheric oxidation capacity drives wintertime nitrate pollution in the eastern Yangtze River Delta of China
Authors: Zang Han , Zhao Yue , Huo Juntao , Zhao Qianbiao , Fu Qingyan , Duan Yusen , Shao Jingyuan , Huang Cheng , An Jingyu , Xue Likun , Li Ziyue , Li Chenxi , Xiao Huayun
Published: April 2022

Abstract. Nitrate aerosol plays an increasingly important role in wintertime haze
pollution in China. Despite intensive research on wintertime nitrate
chemistry in recent years, quantitative constraints on the formation
mechanisms of nitrate aerosol in the Yangtze River Delta (YRD), one of the
most developed and densely populated regions in eastern China, remain
inadequate. In this study, we identify the major nitrate formation pathways
and their key controlling factors during the winter haze pollution period in
the eastern YRD using 2-year (2018–2019) field observations and detailed
observation-constrained model simulations. We find that the high atmospheric
oxidation capacity, coupled with high aerosol liquid water content (ALWC),
made both the heterogeneous hydrolysis of dinitrogen pentoxide
(N2O5) and the gas-phase OH oxidation of nitrogen dioxide
(NO2) important pathways for wintertime nitrate formation in this
region, with contribution percentages of 69 % and 29 % in urban areas
and 63 % and 35 % in suburban areas during the haze pollution episodes,
respectively. We further find that the gas-to-particle partitioning of
nitric acid (HNO3) was very efficient so that the rate-determining step
in the overall formation process of nitrate aerosol was the oxidation of
NOx to HNO3 through both heterogeneous and gas-phase processes.
The atmospheric oxidation capacity (i.e., the availability of O3 and OH
radicals) was the key factor controlling the production rate of HNO3
from both processes. During the COVID-19 lockdown (January–February 2020),
the enhanced atmospheric oxidation capacity greatly promoted the oxidation
of NOx to nitrate and hence weakened the response of nitrate aerosol to
the emission reductions in urban areas. Our study sheds light on the
detailed formation mechanisms of wintertime nitrate aerosol in the eastern
YRD and highlights the demand for the synergetic regulation of atmospheric
oxidation capacity and NOx emissions to mitigate wintertime nitrate and
haze pollution in eastern China.
Enhanced upward motion through the troposphere over the tropical western Pacific and its implications for the transport of trace gases from the troposphere to the stratosphere
Authors: Qie Kai , Wang Wuke , Tian Wenshou , Huang Rui , Xu Mian , Wang Tao , Peng Yifeng
Published: April 2022

Abstract. The tropical western Pacific (TWP) is a preferential area of air uplifting from the surface to the upper troposphere. A significantly intensified upward motion through the troposphere over the TWP in the boreal wintertime (November to March of the following year, NDJFM) has been detected using multiple reanalysis datasets. The upward motion over the TWP is intensified at rates of 8.0 ± 3.1 % per decade and 3.6 ± 3.3 % per decade in NDJFM at 150 hPa from 1958 to 2017, using JRA55 and ERA5 reanalysis datasets, while the MERRA-2 reanalysis data show a 7.5 ± 7.1 % per decade intensified upward motion for the period 1980–2017. Model simulations using the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model, version 4 (WACCM4), suggest that warming global sea surface temperatures (SSTs), particularly SSTs over the eastern maritime continent and tropical western Pacific, play a dominant role in the intensification of the upward motion by
strengthening the Pacific Walker circulation and enhancing the deep convection over the TWP. Using CO as a tropospheric tracer, the WACCM4 simulations show that an increase in CO at a rate of 0.4 ppbv (parts per billion by volume) per decade
at the layer 150–70 hPa in the tropics is mainly resulted from the global SST warming and the subsequent enhanced upward motion over the TWP in the troposphere and strengthened tropical upwelling of Brewer–Dobson (BD) circulation in the lower stratosphere. This implies that more tropospheric trace gases and aerosols from both natural maritime sources and outflow from polluted air from South Asia may enter the stratosphere through the TWP region and affect the stratospheric chemistry and climate.
Towards the use of conservative thermodynamic variables in data assimilation: a case study using ground-based microwave radiometer measurements
Authors: Marquet Pascal , Martinet Pauline , Mahfouf Jean-François , Barbu Alina Lavinia , Ménétrier Benjamin
Published: April 2022

Abstract. This study aims at introducing two conservative thermodynamic variables (moist-air entropy potential temperature and total water content) into a one-dimensional variational data assimilation system (1D-Var) to demonstrate their benefits for use in future operational assimilation schemes. This system is assessed using microwave brightness temperatures (TBs) from a ground-based radiometer installed during the SOFOG3D field campaign, dedicated to fog forecast improvement. An underlying objective is to ease the specification of background error covariance matrices that are highly dependent on weather conditions when using classical variables,
making difficult the optimal retrievals of cloud and thermodynamic properties during fog conditions.
Background error covariance matrices for these new conservative variables have thus been computed by an ensemble approach based on the French convective scale model AROME, for both all-weather and fog conditions.
A first result shows that the use of these matrices for the new variables reduces some dependencies on the meteorological conditions (diurnal cycle, presence or not of clouds) compared to typical variables (temperature, specific humidity). Then, two 1D-Var experiments (classical vs. conservative variables) are evaluated over a full diurnal cycle characterized by a stratus-evolving radiative fog situation, using hourly TB. Results show, as expected, that TBs analysed by the 1D-Var are much closer to the observed ones than the background values for both variable choices. This is especially the case for channels sensitive to water vapour and liquid water. On the other hand, analysis increments in model space (water vapour, liquid water) show significant differences between the two sets of variables.
The application of dendrometers to alpine dwarf shrubs – a case study to investigate stem growth responses to environmental conditions
Authors: Dobbert Svenja , Pape Roland , Löffler Jörg
Published: April 2022

Abstract. Considering the recent widespread greening and browning trends
associated with shrubs in arctic–alpine ecosystems, further understanding of
how these shrubs respond in a rapidly changing environment is of crucial
importance. We here monitor shrub growth, using high-precision dendrometers to produce
fine-scale intra-annual growth patterns from hourly stem diameter
variability in a widespread evergreen species (Empetrum nigrum ssp. hermaphroditum). Measurements were
taken at a micrometer scale for the period 2015 till 2018 on exposed and
mostly snow-free ridge positions. With the same temporal resolution, we
collected near-ground environmental data and identified on-site controls of
growth behavior. We found high inter-plant variability in radial stem growth but strong
similarities in response patterns to the local environment. Our results
suggest that the evergreen species is highly adapted to the specific local
conditions, remaining partly photosynthetically active during the snow-free
winter, which facilitates carbohydrate accumulation for early-season
physiological activities. Additionally, we discovered a phase of radial stem
shrinkage during the winter months, which can be attributed to an active
cell water reduction to protect the plant from frost damage. We conclude that soil moisture availability and winter snow conditions are
the main drivers of radial stem growth of E. hermaphroditum in arctic and alpine regions and
could negatively affect the species' distribution in a warming climate.
Water mass transformation variability in the Weddell Sea in Ocean Reanalyses
Authors: Bailey Shanice Tseng , Jones C. Spencer , Abernathey Ryan Patrick , Gordon Arnold L. , Yuan Xiaojun
Published: April 2022

Abstract. This study investigates the variability of water mass transformation (WMT) within the Weddell Gyre (WG). The WG serves as a pivotal site for the meridional overturning circulation (MOC) and ocean ventilation because it is the primary origin of the largest volume of water mass in the global ocean, Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW). Recent mooring data suggest substantial seasonal and interannual variability of AABW properties exiting the WG, and studies have linked the variability to the large-scale climate forcings affecting wind stress in the WG region. However, the specific thermodynamic mechanisms that link variability in surface forcings to variability in water mass transformations and AABW export remain unclear. This study explores WMT variability via WMT volume budgets derived from Walin’s classic WMT framework, using three state-of-the-art, data-assimilating ocean reanalyses: Estimating the Circulation and Climate of the Ocean state estimate (ECCOv4), Southern Ocean State Estimate (SOSE) and Simple Ocean Data Assimilation (SODA). From the model outputs, we diagnose a closed form of the water mass budget for AABW that explicitly accounts for transport across the WG boundary, surface forcing, interior mixing, and numerical mixing. We examine the annual mean climatology of the WMT budget terms, the seasonal climatology, and finally the interannual variability. In ECCO and SOSE, we see strong interannual variability in AABW volume budget. In SOSE, we find an accelerating loss of AABW, driven largely by interior mixing and changes in surface salt fluxes. ECCO shows a similar trend during a 3-yr time period beyond what is covered in SOSE, but also reveals such trends to be part of interannual variability over a much longer time period. Overall, ECCO provides the most useful timeseries for understanding the processes and mechanisms that drive WMT and export variability. SODA, in contrast, displays unphysically large variability in AABW volume, which we attribute to its data assimilation scheme. We examine correlations between the WMT budgets and large-scale climate indices, including ENSO and SAM; no strong relationships emerge, suggesting that these reanalysis products may not reproduce the AABW export pathways and mechanisms hypothesized from observations.
Global GOSAT, OCO-2, and OCO-3 solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence datasets
Authors: Doughty Russell , Kurosu Thomas P. , Parazoo Nicholas , Köhler Philipp , Wang Yujie , Sun Ying , Frankenberg Christian
Published: April 2022

Abstract. The retrieval of solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) from space is a relatively new advance in Earth observation science, having only become feasible within the last decade. Interest in SIF data has grown exponentially, and the retrieval of SIF and the provision of SIF data products has become an important and formal component of spaceborne Earth observation missions. Here, we describe the global Level 2 SIF Lite data products for the Greenhouse Gases Observing Satellite (GOSAT), the Orbiting
Carbon Observatory-2 (OCO-2), and Orbiting Carbon Observatory-3 (OCO-3) platforms, which are provided for each platform in daily netCDF files (Frankenberg, 2022, https://doi.org/10.22002/D1.8771; OCO-2 Science Team et al., 2020, https://doi.org/10.5067/XO2LBBNPO010; OCO-3 Science Team et al., 2020, https://doi.org/10.5067/NOD1DPPBCXSO). We also outline the methods used to retrieve SIF and estimate uncertainty, describe all the data fields, and provide users with the background information necessary for the proper use
and interpretation of the data, such as considerations of retrieval noise, sun sensor geometry, the indirect relationship between SIF and photosynthesis, and differences among the three platforms and their respective data products. OCO-2 and OCO-3 have the highest spatial resolution of spaceborne SIF retrievals to date, and the target and snapshot area mode observation modes of OCO-2 and OCO-3 are unique. These modes
provide hundreds to thousands of SIF retrievals at biologically diverse global target sites during a single overpass, and provide an opportunity to better inform our understanding of canopy-scale vegetation SIF emission across biomes.
Supergene phases from ferruginous duricrusts: non-destructive microsampling and mineralogy prior to (U-Th)/He geochronological analysis
Authors: Prazeres Marques Karina Patricia , Allard Thierry , Gautheron Cécile , Baptiste Benoît , Pinna-Jamme Rosella , Morin Guillaume , Delbes Ludovic , Vidal-Torrado Pablo
Published: April 2022

Abstract. Interpreting the ages of supergene mineralogical phases in laterite is complex because they consist of polycrystalline mixtures of different phases at the microscopic scale that could be crystalized at different epochs. Among the geochronometers, the (U-Th)/He method on hematite and goethite is more used, but ages can be difficult to interpret due to phases mixing. To resolve this issue, this study proposes a methodology for performing detailed mineralogical analysis of hematite and goethite single grains prior to their dating using the (U-Th)/He method. Strictly non-destructive mineralogy of single grains is not achievable by classical tools, such as conventional powder XRD (requiring at least some mg of powder) or SEM (that can contaminate the grain by coating or fixing). Therefore, we have performed X-ray diffraction patterns of single grains using high-flux X-ray beams from both a rotating anode (XRD_rotat) laboratory diffractometer and a synchrotron beamline (XRD_synch) facility, and compared the results in order to design a method based on XRD_rotat only. For this purpose, two samples from the pisolitic facies of a Brazilian ferruginous duricrust (Alto Paranaíba region, Minas Gerais State, Brazil) were chosen because they presented a usual heterogeneity. Rietveld refinements of the XRD patterns obtained from both XRD_rotat and XRD_synch yielded similar results for weight percentage ratio of the main phases, Mean Coherent Domain sizes, and less for Al-substitution rates, thus validating the XRD_rotat approach. No beam-damage was observed when increasing X-ray exposure time, neither on XRD patterns nor (U-Th)/He ages. Hence, inframillimetric, undisturbed grains can be used to analyze the mineralogy of ferruginous duricrusts by XRD_rotat with a short exposure, and the same grains can subsequently be dated by the (U-Th)/He geochronology. The (U-Th)/He dating of pisolitic core and cortex grains also provided meaningful ages: they revealed two evolution phases of the ferruginous duricrust, which occurred at or before the Oligocene for pisolitic core and middle Miocene for pisolitic cortex, agreeing with the previous model for the development of pisoliths. The mineralogy of single grains selected for dating is helpful for discussing the crystallization ages, and the high-flux XRD approach may be applied to other supergene mineral parageneses used for absolute dating of weathering profiles.
Massive-Parallel Trajectory Calculations version 2.2 (MPTRAC-2.2): Lagrangian transport simulations on graphics processing units (GPUs)
Authors: Hoffmann Lars , Baumeister Paul F. , Cai Zhongyin , Clemens Jan , Griessbach Sabine , Günther Gebhard , Heng Yi , Liu Mingzhao , Haghighi Mood Kaveh , Stein Olaf , Thomas Nicole , Vogel Bärbel , Wu Xue , Zou Ling
Published: April 2022

Abstract. Lagrangian models are fundamental tools to study atmospheric transport processes and for practical applications such as dispersion modeling for anthropogenic and natural emission sources. However, conducting large-scale Lagrangian transport simulations with millions of air parcels or more can become rather numerically costly. In this study, we assessed the potential of exploiting graphics processing units (GPUs) to accelerate Lagrangian transport simulations. We ported the Massive-Parallel Trajectory Calculations (MPTRAC) model to GPUs using the open accelerator (OpenACC) programming model. The trajectory calculations conducted within the MPTRAC model were fully ported to GPUs, i.e., except for feeding in the meteorological input data and for extracting the particle output data, the code operates entirely on the GPU devices without frequent data transfers between CPU and GPU memory. Model verification, performance analyses, and scaling tests of the Message Passing Interface (MPI) – Open Multi-Processing (OpenMP) – OpenACC hybrid parallelization of MPTRAC were conducted on the Jülich Wizard for European Leadership Science (JUWELS) Booster supercomputer operated by the Jülich Supercomputing Centre, Germany. The JUWELS Booster comprises 3744 NVIDIA A100 Tensor Core GPUs, providing a peak performance of 71.0 PFlop s−1. As of June 2021, it is the most powerful supercomputer in Europe and listed among the most energy-efficient systems internationally. For large-scale simulations comprising 108 particles driven by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts' fifth-generation reanalysis (ERA5), the performance evaluation showed a maximum speed-up of a factor of 16 due to the utilization of GPUs compared to CPU-only runs on the JUWELS Booster. In the large-scale GPU run, about 67 % of the runtime is spent on the physics calculations, conducted on the GPUs. Another 15 % of the runtime is required for file I/O, mostly to read the large ERA5 data set from disk. Meteorological data preprocessing on the CPUs also requires about 15 % of the runtime. Although this study identified potential for further improvements of the GPU code, we consider the MPTRAC model ready for production runs on the JUWELS Booster in its present form. The GPU code provides a much faster time to solution than the CPU code, which is particularly relevant for near-real-time applications of a Lagrangian transport model.
The impact of terrain model source and resolution on snow avalanche modelling
Authors: Miller Aubrey , Sirguey Pascal , Morris Simon , Bartelt Perry , Cullen Nicolas , Redpath Todd , Thompson Kevin , Bühler Yves
Published: April 2022

Abstract. Natural hazard models need accurate digital elevation models (DEMs) to simulate mass movements on three-dimensional terrain. A variety of platforms (terrestrial, drones, aerial, satellite) and sensor technologies (photogrammetry, LiDAR, interferometric synthetic aperture radar) are used to generate DEMs at a range of spatial resolutions with varying accuracy. As the availability of high-resolution DEMs continues to increase and the cost to produce DEMs continues to fall, hazard modellers must often choose which DEM to use for their modelling. Here we use current state-of-the-art sensor technologies (satellite photogrammetry and terrestrial LiDAR) to generate high-resolution DEMs and test the sensitivity of the Rapid Mass Movements Simulation software (RAMMS) to the DEM source and spatial resolution for simulating a large and complex snow avalanche along Milford Road in Fiordland, Aotearoa New Zealand. Holding the RAMMS parameters constant while adjusting the source and spatial resolution of the DEM reveals how differences in terrain representation between the satellite photogrammetry and terrestrial LiDAR DEMs (2 m spatial resolution) affect the reliability of the simulation estimates (e.g., maximum core velocity, powder pressure, final debris pattern). At the same time, coarser representations of the terrain (5 m, 15 m spatial resolution) produce simulated avalanches that run too far and produce a powder cloud that is too large, though with lower maximum impact pressures, compared to the actual event. The complex nature of the alpine terrain in the avalanche path (steep, rough, rock faces, tree-less) made it a suitable location to specifically test the model sensitivity to digital surface models (DSMs) where both the ground and above-ground features on the topography are included in the elevation model. Combined with the nature of the snowpack in the path (warm, deep with a steep elevation gradient) lying on a bedrock surface and plunging over a cliff, RAMMS performed well in the challenging conditions when using the high spatial-resolution 2 m DSM.
Multi-annual temperature evolution and implications for cave ice development in a sag-type ice cave in the Austrian Alps
Authors: Wind Maria , Obleitner Friedrich , Racine Tanguy , Spötl Christoph
Published: April 2022

Abstract. Ice caves are, similar to mountain glaciers, threatened by the warming climate. To better understand the response of perennial ice in caves to a changing climate, we analysed the thermal characteristics of a sag-type ice cave in the Austrian Alps (Hundsalm ice cave), based on long-term temperature measurements for the period 2008–2021. Observations show a warming trend in all parts of the cave as well as a distinct seasonal pattern with two main regimes, i.e., an open (winter) and a closed (summer) period. During the closed period, a persistent stable stratification prevails that largely decouples the cave from the external atmosphere. The open period is characterised by unstable to neutral stratification and allows episodic penetrations of cold air from outside into the cave interior. Vertical temperature profiles also provide hints on corresponding circulation patterns and the spatial temperature variability in the cave. The positive air temperature trend is reflected in a decrease in perennial cave ice, derived from stake measurements. Besides surface melting, we find compelling evidence of basal melting of ice. The observed ablation rates can be well reproduced by applying a modified degree-day model, which, however, is less feasible regarding mass balance. Overall, we conclude that Hundsalm ice cave is highly impacted by regional warming which will lead to the disappearance of its perennial ice deposits within the next decades.
Brief communication: How does complex terrain change the power curve of a wind turbine?
Authors: Troldborg Niels , Andersen Søren Juhl , Hodgson Emily Louise , Forsting Alexander Meyer
Published: April 2022

Abstract. The power performance of a wind turbine in complex terrain is studied by means of Large Eddy Simulations (LES). The simulations show that the turbine performance is significantly different compared to what should be expected from the available wind. The reason for this deviation is that the undisturbed flow field behind the turbine is non-homogeneous and therefore results in a very different wake development and induction than seen for a turbine in flat homogeneous terrain.
Detecting and characterizing simulated sea breezes over the US northeastern coast with implications for offshore wind energy
Authors: Xia Geng , Draxl Caroline , Optis Michael , Redfern Stephanie
Published: April 2022

Abstract. With the planned construction of vast offshore wind farms along the US East Coast, identifying and understanding key coastal processes, such as sea breezes, has become a critical need for the sustainability and development of US offshore wind energy. In this study, a new two-step identification method is proposed to detect and characterize three types of sea breezes (pure, corkscrew and backdoor) over the US northeastern coast from a year-long WRF (Weather Research and Forecasting) simulation. The results suggest that the proposed detection method can identify the three different types of sea breezes in the model simulation. Key sea breeze features, such as the calm zone associated with pure sea breezes and coastal jets associated with corkscrew sea breezes, are evident in the sea breeze composite imagery. In addition, the simulated sea breeze events indicate a seasonal transition from pure to corkscrew sea breeze between March and August as the land–sea thermal contrast increases. Furthermore, the location and extension of the sea breeze front are different for each type of sea breeze, suggesting that the coastal impact of sea breeze varies with sea breeze type. From the wind energy perspective, the power production associated with a 10 MW offshore wind turbine would be approximately 3 to 4 times larger during a corkscrew sea breeze event than the other two types of sea breezes. This highlights the importance of identifying the correct type of sea breeze in numerical weather/wind energy forecasting.
War on Ukraine: Impact on Ukrainian Medical Students
Authors: Srichawla Bahadar Singh , Khazeei Tabari Mohammad Amin , Găman Mihnea-Alexandru , Muñoz-Valencia Alejandro , Bonilla-Escobar Francisco J.
Published: April 2022

The ongoing Russian invasion of Ukraine has taken a tremendous toll on the physical and mental wellbeing of the Ukrainian people. Accordingly, medical trainees and institutions must adapt to a high degree of uncertainty and turmoil. In 2022, Ukraine has 23 medical institutions filled with not only Ukrainian nationals but medical students from around the world. It is estimated that approximately 18,000 students from India alone study in Ukraine, many of whom are medical learners. Many of these national and foreign medical students are now displaced refugees looking to escape to Western Europe or their country of origin. Even by escaping the ongoing conflict, the question remains as to how many of these students will complete their medical education and cope with the trauma of political unrest. This is the first time that the International Journal of Medical Students Editorial Team has commented on a political conflict. We have learned in our tenure that medical students and their education worldwide is affected by many factors, including global warming and conflict. We have raised our voice before for actions to prevent climate change. We are adding our voice of support to those suffering from political unrest and acts of violence globally, with specific focus on the Ukraine. The path of war and vengeance is an easy one when compared to political dialogue and collaboration. We, the new generation of scientists of the world, claim for the use of reason over emotions to keep us all safe and promote progress worldwide.
Statistical training for Russian-speaking countries: combination of international quality and availability
Authors:   Higher School of Economics, Belkindas Misha , Olenski Josef ,   Higher School of Economics, Ponomarenko Alexey ,   Higher School of Economics
Published: April 2022

There is a strong demand for well-trained staff among national statistical offices of the former USSR countries. Before the USSR collapse, most of statisticians were educated in Moscow. Currently, there is a lack of own training facilities in most of countries of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), so the staff training is a very significant problem. Language is an additional problem, because most of international training courses are conducted in English, but English speakers are still rare among local statisticians. At the same time, average share of Russian speakers in NSOs of all countries of the CIS region is about 96%. A special training center (International Institute for Training in Statistics - MISO) was established in Moscow in the year of 2011. Currently it provides a random set of short courses on different statistical topics in Russian in cooperation with international partners. But this is only the first step. NSOs are interested in well prepared systematically educated managers in official statistics and high-level experts/methodologists. Thus, the next step should be the development of a Master in Official Statistics Program (MOS). Paper describes concept of this MOS program.
Promoting statistical literacy among students
Authors:   Census and Statistics Department Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Government, Chan Vivian
Published: April 2022

In this knowledge-based era, plenty of decisions which have a possible impact on people and the environment are backed by statistical considerations. The Census and Statistics Department (C&SD), as the central statistical office in Hong Kong, has been playing an active role in promoting proper and effective application and interpretation of statistics among students, the future pillars of our society. Over all these years, C&SD has been adopting a variety of means to reach out to students with a view to equipping our future generation with the necessary statistical knowledge and skills in this increasingly data-centric world. In particular, continuous efforts have been made to foster statistical education, including : facilitating easy access of official statistics; organising talks and visits for students; and collaborating with the local statistical community. This paper will discuss in detail how C&SD promotes and enhances statistical literacy of students in Hong Kong.
Education official data university assessment within the school of civil engineering, universidad nacional de rosario
Authors:   National University of Rosario Argentina, Picco Alicia María , Ferrandi María Angélica ,   National University of Rosario Argentina, Daruich Nora ,   National University of Rosario Argentina, Rittatore Eugenia ,   National University of Rosario Argentina
Published: April 2022

Since the 90s, higher education started to be assessed in Latin America as a means to attain quality and excellence, being this considered a public asset, such features have become relevant for the development of qualified professionals and country competitiveness. Information surveys on this subject are mainly performed by institutions which are external to universities or by surveying students, who have become the main assessors. Argentina's Act on higher education, Educación Superior Argentina No 24.521, defines the mandatory status of internal and external assessments on university education quality, on faculty performance and the excellence of the curricula. In the framework of the Universidad Nacional de Rosario, the School of Civil Engineering of the Exact Sciences, Engineering and Surveying College) (Escuela de Ingeniería Civil de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Ingeniería y Agrimensura) has set up a Commission for Curricula Traceability, for which an assessment is in progress.
Meming the Catch-22: Doing security where the steel wheel hits the rail
Authors: McClain Noah
Published: April 2022

While Internet memes are often treated as artifacts which play with broad cultural elements, they can also take on distinctive meanings within narrow communities of practice or organizational membership. This article demonstrates how interrogating a certain interpretation of a meme, and a sort of humor found within it, can reveal elements of viewers’ situated experience. In other words, I argue that when we get a joke, we begin to understand a world. I examine the particular reception of a meme — a parody of a familiar New York City subway security poster — by workers in that subway system, and show how a dark gallows humor they found in the meme draws from problems in their workplace. In turn, the world betrayed by that gallows humor illustrates challenges to organizational efforts and public policy to confront emergencies and crises. Unpacking the humor and even ridicule seen in memes in specific organizational and work settings, this article suggests, can offer shortcuts to reveal overlooked — but vital — perspectives in critical contexts.
凯利安进军中国香水市场的营销策略探析
Authors: 张 正泽 , 林 晨萍
Published: April 2022

品牌具有十分丰富的内涵，企业为塑造品牌，必须贯彻其定位并锁定其核心；而品牌的定位，可以为企业提供理论依据和实践指导。在市场竞争中，突出的品牌仅仅是凤毛麟角；而跨国品牌的发展，更是与精准定位与定义品牌基因这些品牌营销的措施紧密相连。本文选取法国凯利安品牌作为分析对象，对其营销策略进行分析，并结合宏观、微观环境等综合因素，对凯利安的香水市场情况做出策略性分析并给出进一步发展策略建议。本文旨在解决国外高端香氛在现下中国如何正确获悉其香水市场情况，以国际商务的知识做出香水市场规模及预测，国内消费者的行为态度以及行业未来发展趋势，再辅以市场营销知识，以STP、4P等营销理论实际运用的角度，描述中国香水典型消费者画像。根据凯利安现有的营销问题的阐述与中国市场的特点，本文提供一套凯利安进军中国香水市场的可行方案。
新冠疫情冲击下广东省旅游经营效率的优化策略
Authors: 曾 奕婷 , 刘 彤彤
Published: April 2022

旅游效率是衡量旅游业发达程度的重要指标。新冠肺炎疫情（COVID-19）对中国旅游业造成严重的冲击，旅游业除了面临巨大生存压力外，经营效率的检讨与提升，更是疫情常态化下旅游业发展与旅游研究新变化的重要课题。本文以新冠疫情危机为背景，以广东省21个地级市为研究对象，采用数据包络分析法，选取旅游相关投入与产出指标数据构建研究体系，对2019与2020年的城市旅游效率进行测算和分析，依据城市旅游综合效率、纯技术效率、规模效率等进行系统评测。研究发现：（1）总体而言，疫情危机反而造成各城市内部旅游经营效率提升；（2）疫情造成各城市旅游趋于同质化，效率差异呈缩小趋势；（3）旅游效率改变与经济水平高低并不完全一致，并明确城市所存在旅游资源投入冗余、产出不足等问题，藉此提出效率提升、旅游产业优化等针对性策略。
ANALISIS PERMINTAAN GULA PASIR DI KOTA PALANGKARAYA
Authors: Harati Rima
Published: April 2022

Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi permintaan gula pasir dan bagaimana elastisitas permintaan gula pasir di Kota Palangkaraya. Adapun penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kota Palangkaraya pada tahun 2022 dengan menggunakan time series 2008-2020. Dengan menggunakan alat analisis regresi disimpulkan bahwa pendapatan perkapita (X2) mempunyai hubungan yang sangat signifikan dengan Permintaan gula pasir (Y) di Kota Palangkaraya Harga gula pasir (X1) signifikan. Sedangkan Jumlah penduduk (X3) tidak signifikan dengan Permintaan gula pasir (Y) di Kota Palangkaraya. Koefisien elastisitas harga gula pasir  mempunyai nilai sebesar 1,956 karena nilainya  > 1 maka permintaan ini bersifat elastis. Koefisien elastisitas pendapatan masyarakat mempunyai nilai elastisitas positif  sebesar 5,347 maka dikatakan bahwa gula pasir merupakan barang normal dan variable jumlah penduduk  mempunyai nilai elastisitas positif sebesar 0,611 yang berarti bahwa jumlah penduduk berbanding lurus dengan permintaan gula pasir. Dari penelitian ini dapat ditarik kesimpulan, bahwa permintaan gula pasir di Kota Palangkaraya selama kurun waktu 2008-2020 dipengaruhi oleh pendapatan masyarakat dan berkaitan dengan hukum permintaan.
The Adolescent Brain: Implications for Vocational Evaluation and Assessment
Authors: Green Bridget , Oliech Cliff , Leconte Pamela
Published: April 2022

Adolescence is a pivotal time in life. During this period, individuals’ brains are
experiencing a second sensitive, highly developmental, period due to intense
neurological rewiring. Neuroscience has provided insight about barriers that
adolescents may experience during this period relatingto emotional control, decision
making skills, and behavior regulation. Vocational evaluators will benefit from
understanding basic neuroscience to answer the “why” behind certain behaviors
observed during the assessment process. The purpose of this article is to outline the
implications of adolescent neuroscience for vocational evaluators to inform their
practices and assist their promotion of appropriate learning pathways for adolescents,
including those with disabilities.
Unge med anoreksi og deres søsken: Hvordan sykdommen påvirket dagliglivet i akuttfasen og ved oppfølging etter cirka 4,5 år
Authors: Halvorsen Inger , Rø Annika , Nilsen Jan-Vegard , Rø Øyvind
Published: April 2022

Few studies include siblings’ experiences with anorexia nervosa (AN). Aims: Describe patients’ and siblings’ retrospective views on how AN influenced their life in the acute phase of illness and at 4.5-years follow-up. Method: 34 former patients and 13 siblings that had participated in family-based inpatient treatment for AN completed questionnaires at follow-up.

Results: Patients reported high, and siblings moderate, levels of negative influences of AN, including schoolwork, leisure, worries and conflicts in the family. The majority of siblings had been afraid their ill sibling would not recover, or die, from AN. However, most former patients and siblings replied that the illness also had provided valuable experiences. Recovery from AN at follow-up was associated with lower levels of negative influences on former patients’ and siblings’ lives.

Implications: Knowledge on patients’ and siblings’ experiences is important to improve support and help them to cope with the illness and the resulting family distress.

Keywords: anorexia nervosa, eating disorders, follow-up, siblings, influence of illness
TECHNOLOGIES AND TECHNICAL EQUIPMENT FOR HEMP FIBER CROP
Authors:   INMA, Bucharest, Romania, PĂUN ANIŞOARA , STROESCU GHEORGHE ,   INMA, Bucharest, Romania, ZAICA ALEXANDRU ,   INMA Bucharest, OLAN MIHAI ,   INMA Bucharest / Romania, GHEORGHE GABRIEL ,   INMA Bucharest, ZAICA ANA ,   INMA Bucharest / Romania, ANGHELACHE DRAGOŞ ,   INMA Bucharest / Romania, IONESCU ALEXANDRU ,   INMA Bucharest / Romania
Published: April 2022

Hemp is not a crop prohibited or restricted by law, only that such a plantation must be authorized and monitored by the Ministry of Health, the Ministry of Internal Affairs and the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development. The paper will present the partial results obtained in a research project in which a piece of equipment for harvesting green hemp stems was grounded and made in order to process these stems to obtain fibers. The purpose of this paper is to present a review of existing mechanical harvesting systems for hemp fiber crops with special reference to hemp.
RESEARCH REGARDING THE EQUIPMENT USED IN WATER TREATMENT PROCESSES OF RECIRCULATING AQUACULTURE SYSTEMS
Authors:   INMA, Bucharest, Romania, PETRE A.A. , VANGHELE N. A ,   INMA, Bucharest, Romania, STANCIU MM ,   INMA Bucharest, MATACHE A. ,   INMA Bucharest / Romania, MIHALACHE DUMITRU BOGDAN ,   INMA Bucharest, DOBRE MARIAN ,   University of Craiova, Faculty of Agronomy
Published: April 2022

Modern aquaculture technologies are made with the help of recirculation systems, which require the use of innovative and highperformance solutions for the treatment of recirculated water. Aquaculture recirculation is essentially a technology for growing and developing fish or other aquatic organisms by reusing water for more intensive fish production. The technology is based on the use of mechanical and biological filters, and this ecological method can be implemented for any species cultivated in aquaculture, such as fish, shrimp, mussels, etc. The scientific paper presents a brief summary of the control and solution of the main problems faced by water recirculation systems.
REALIZATION OF THE GENERAL CADASTRE IN CHINTENI COMMUNE, CLUJ COUNTY
Authors:   University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, POP SERGIU , POP NICOLAE ,   University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca
Published: April 2022

The paper aims to analyze the necessary works, which were carried out in order to carry out the general cadastre, at the level of Chinteni commune, Cluj County. The general (systematic) cadastre is made by measuring all real estate (land with or without construction) within a territorial administrative unit or a cadastral sector, identifying all owners and other holders of real or personal rights over real estate, simultaneously with the opening of books land for all buildings, operations carried out in a single procedure for the entire cadastral sector or for the entire territorial administrative unit. The implementation of the National Cadastre and Land Registry Plan (PNCCF) brings a series of concrete benefits, starting with the free registration of all real estate in Romania in the integrated cadastre and land registry system, including real estate owned without documents, in favor of de facto owners.
ANALYSIS OF THE STAGES NECESSARY FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF AN OBJECTIVE TAKEN OVER IN CONCESSION, FROM A TOPOCADASTRAL POINT OF VIEW
Authors:   University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, POP SERGIU , POCOL CRISTINA ,   University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, SĂLĂGEAN TUDOR ,   University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, POP NICOLAE ,   University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca
Published: April 2022

Within the present work, a study was carried out regarding the concession of a building belonging to the Municipality of Cluj-Napoca, in order to dismantle it resulting in 32 plots and the access road to them, in order to authorize the construction works of 32 dwellings for young people. The notion of drawing represents the application on the field of the topographical elements known or extracted by calculation from the construction projects, elements that define a projected construction to be transposed or executed in the field. The field application of construction projects is aimed at ensuring compliance with the design and size of constructions and their components, as well as their absolute position, in a coordinate system. From the succession of constructive stages necessary for the construction of an objective, the materialization on the ground of the basic, main, and secondary axes of the construction and the materialization of the ±0.00 m elevation are detached. The law provides that the execution of construction works is allowed only on the basis of a building permit that is issued following a project called a Topographic Plan for obtaining the building permit.
STUDY ON THE DEVELOPMENT, PRODUCTIVITY AND PROFITABILITY OF ARIZONA AND BELLAROSA POTATO VARIETIES
Authors:   The Institute of Research and Development for Industrialization and Marketing of Horticultural Products-HORTING, STERIAN RADU-ANDREI , ION VIOREL ,   University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine – USAMV Bucharest, MURARU-IONEL CORNELIA ,   INMA Bucharest, MURARU SEBASTIAN ,   INMA Bucharest, SFIRU RALUCA ,   INMA Bucharest, CONDRUZ PAULA ,   INMA Bucharest, MURARU VERGIL ,   INMA Bucharest
Published: April 2022

The potato (Solanum tuberosum) is a herbaceous plant that belongs to the nightshade family. They are edible, rich in starch so they are used in human nutrition in various forms, serve as animal feed, but can also be used as a raw material in various industries (Toader and Roman, 2014). Originally from South America, more precisely from the Andes Mountains region, potatoes are the 4th largest source of food energy after corn, rice and wheat (https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istoria_cartofului_%C3%AEn_imperiul_inca%C 8%99). At maturity, the tubers have a dry matter composed of 70% starch, 2-4% cellulose, 2.5% pectins, 0.5-2% reducing carbohydrates and 0.5-1% sugars (Berindei, 1984). The objective was represented by the study of two potato varieties, namely Arizona (white potato) and Bellarosa (red potato) grown on two different plots analyzing both their productivity and profitability, both being two early varieties. The crops were studied during the entire vegetation period, also following the economic analysis and implicitly the profit of each variety. The first determination was related to planting density, respectively to the number of nests per hectare. All the technological works that were undertaken within the studied plots were noted, the vegetation phases from the moment of execution of each work with the help of the BBCH scale, the consumption of materials, time and fuel that each intervention involved. In the end, we also found out the costs of the works performed in order to be able to establish the profit obtained from the sale of each variety in order to be able to establish which of the two is more profitable. Prior to harvesting, two sets of samples representing 10 potato nests were extracted from the two plots in order to analyze the productivity of each variety. These determinations were performed under laboratory conditions and involved the following: number of tubers / nest, weight of tubers / nest (g), stem height Analele Universităţii din Craiova, seria Agricultură – Montanologie – Cadastru (Annals of the University of Craiova - Agriculture, Montanology, Cadastre Series) Vol. 51/2/2021 472 (cm), largest tuber / nest (g), smallest tuber / nest (g), their diameter in section (cm).
ANALYSIS OF THE PROFITABILITY RATIOS OF ROMANIAN COMPANIES LISTED ON BUCHAREST STOCK EXCHANGE: TRENDS AND PERSPECTIVES
Authors:   University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Bucharest of Bucharest, Faculty of Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and Rural Development, Slatina Branch,, ȘTEFAN IULIA OANA , TIȚA VICTOR ,   University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Bucharest of Bucharest, Faculty of Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and Rural Development, Slatina Branch,
Published: April 2022

The actuality of the issue of the evaluation of corporate profitability acquires an increased relevance in the light of the economic context that describes this beginning of the 21st century, strongly marked by the globalization of the economic systems, by the intensification of the level of competition and by the increasing occurrence of the This study analyses the evolution of profitability of Romanian companies listed on Bucharest Stock Exchange in a period that was both characterised by economic growth, but also marked by the global pandemic, i.e. 2016-2020. Thus, the analysis comprises 35 companies listed on BSE, representing eight sectors of the Romanian economy, of the total 10 existing in the national capital market, i.e. Mining and quarrying, Manufacturing, Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply, Constructions, Wholesale and retail trade, Transportation, Storage, Professional, scientific and technical activities. Therefore, half of the sectors to which the analysed companies belong to have not seen a dramatic profitability decrease in the timeframe under analysis. On the other hand, a visible drop took place in 2018 in the sectors of Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply, Professional, scientific and technical activities and Constructions. By contrast to the first two sectors, in the constructions sector, profitability ratios are evolving increasingly negative over the next two years of study. Besides, the transportation represents the sector that has consistently registered relevant levels for all profitability ratios, providing the most favourable evolution.
STUDY ON THE USE OF BALL MILLS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CHOCOLATE
Authors:   Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, Faculty of Engineering, ŞUGAR IOAN RADU , GIURGIULESCU LIVIU ,   Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, Faculty of Science, JURCHIŞ BOGDAN ,   Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, Faculty of Automotive, Mechatronics and Mechanical Engineering
Published: April 2022

In a world where the consumption of chocolate increases, quality plays an important role. In the manufacture of chocolate, grinding as well as the construction and operation of ball mills play an important role.
STUDIES AND EXPERIMENTAL MEASUREMENTS FOR AUTOMATED CONTROL OF CONVEYOR BELTS
Authors:   University of Craiova, Faculty of Agronomy, Romania, VASILE CRISTIAN , GLODEANU MIHNEA ,   University of Craiova, Faculty of Agronomy, Romania, SĂRĂCIN ION ,   University of Craiova, Faculty of Agronomy, Romania, ALEXANDRU TUDOR ,   University of Craiova, Faculty of Agronomy, Romania, GLODEANU ADINA ,   University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Craiova, Romania, VLĂDUȚ VALENTIN ,   INMA Bucharest
Published: April 2022

The transport of raw from bunkers to the work installations is a very important activity from the technological flow that takes place in a compound feed factory. So it is indicated to exist an automated control of the conveyor belts, to ensure the proper functioning of the work equipment. The experimental measurements were made using an own conception electronic assembly. Thus it was possible to analyze the operating parameters of rotation and proximity magnetic sensors, which can be used to implement devices that allow automated control of conveyor belts. Studies of measurements shown in this article offer the possibility of implementing automated control devices based on magnetic sensors, which allow the transmission of stop signals of motors that drive the conveyor belts at detection of disturbances in their normal operation, to maximize losses of materials.