bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Antennal transcriptome analyses and olfactory protein identification in an important wood-boring moth pest, Streltzoviella insularis (Lepidoptera: Cossidae)
Authors: Yang Yuchao , Li Wenbo , Tao Jing , Zong Shixiang
Published: November 2019

Olfaction plays key roles in insect survival and reproduction, such as feeding, courtship, mating, and oviposition. The olfactory-based control strategies have been developed an important means for pest management. Streltzoviella insularis is a destructive insect pest of many street tree species, and characterization of its olfactory proteins could provide targets for the disruption of their odour recognition processes and for urban forestry protection. In this study, we assembled the antennal transcriptome of S. insularis by next-generation sequencing and annotated the main olfactory multi-gene families, including 28 odorant-binding proteins (OBPs), 12 chemosensory proteins (CSPs), 56 odorant receptors (ORs), 11 ionotropic receptors (IRs), two sensory neuron membrane proteins (SNMPs), and 101 odorant-degrading enzymes (ODEs). Sequence and phylogenetic analyses confirmed the characteristics of these proteins. We further detected tissue- and sex-specific expression patterns of OBPs, CSPs and SNMPs by quantitative real time-PCR. Most OBPs were highly and differentially expressed in the antennae of both sexes. SinsCSP10 was expressed more highly in male antennae than in other tissues. Two SNMPs were highly expressed in the antennae, with no significant difference in expression between the sexes. Our results lay a solid foundation for understanding the precise molecular mechanisms underlying S. insularis odour recognition.
Long range infrasound monitoring of Etna volcano
Authors: Marchetti E. , Ripepe M. , Campus P. , Le Pichon A. , Vergoz J. , Lacanna G. , Mialle P. , Héreil P. , Husson P.
Published: November 2019

Among ground-based volcano monitoring techniques, infrasound is the only one capable of detecting explosive eruptions from distances of thousands of kilometers. We show how infrasound array analysis, using acoustic amplitude and detection persistency, allows automatic, near-real-time identification of eruptions of Etna volcano (Italy), for stations at distances greater than 500 km. A semi-empirical attenuation relation is applied to recover the pressure time history at the source using infrasound recorded at global scale (>500 km). An infrasound parameter (IP), defined as the product between the number of detections, filtered for the expected back-azimuth of Etna volcano, and range corrected amplitude, is compared with the explosive activity at Etna volcano that was associated with aviation color code RED warnings. This shows that, during favourable propagation conditions, global arrays are capable of identifying explosive activity of Etna 87% of the period of analysis without negative false alerts. Events are typically not detected during unfavourable propagation conditions, thus resulting in a time variable efficiency of the system. We suggest that infrasound monitoring on a global scale can provide timely input for Volcanic Ash Advisory Centres (VAAC) even when a latency of ~1 hour, due to propagation time, is considered. The results highlight the capability of infrasound for near-real-time volcano monitoring at a regional and global scale.
Optimal timing of vitrectomy for severe mechanical ocular trauma: A retrospective observational study
Authors: Yu Honghua , Li Jianhua , Yu Ying , Li Guodong , Li Dongli , Guan Meng , Lu Li , Liu Ting , Luo Yujuan , Shen Lu , Wu Qiaowei , Liu Baoyi , Feng Songfu , Yuan Ling
Published: November 2019

Mechanical ocular trauma could lead to disastrous visual outcomes. There has been a controversy regarding the timing of vitrectomy for such cases. This study aimed to find out the optimal timing of vitrectomy for severe mechanical ocular trauma. Patients with severe mechanical ocular trauma who had undergone vitrectomy were enrolled and followed up for at least 6 months. Clinical data were collected including ocular trauma score (OTS), the timing of vitrectomy upon injury, visual acuity, vitrectomy results, post-operation complications and etc. All cases were classified according to the timing of vitrectomy upon injury into 3 groups: group A 1–7 days, group B 8–14 days, group C more than 14 days. A total of 62 cases were enrolled, including 20 eyes in group A, 25 eyes in group B, and 17 eyes in group C. No significant differences were shown of the gender, age or OTS among the 3 groups. Both functional success rate and visual outcome were optimal in group B, then in group A, and worst in group C. These results suggested that the best timing of vitrectomy for severe mechanical ocular trauma is 8–14 days upon injury; second best is 1–7 days; worst is after 14 days.
Clinical significance of positive fecal occult blood test in neonates
Authors: Wen Qiuping , Liu Kaizhen , Yue Weihong , Shao Shiqi , Zhang Shu , Li Xiaoqing , Hua Ziyu
Published: November 2019

The fecal occult blood test (FOBT) is a screening tool for hematochezia. This study aims to summarize the clinical features associated with a positive FOBT in neonates and to explore some clues for the underlying causes. Combination with other clinical information, identifying the possible etiology is more likely and could be useful for choosing an effective therapeutic strategy. The medical records of 282 neonates with positive FOBTs from January 1 to July 31, 2016, were collected and retrospectively analyzed. The total incidence rate of FOBT positivity in neonates was 6.2%. Among these patients, 71 (25.2%) neonates had false-positive FOBTs, whereas 211 (74.8%) neonates had intraintestinal sources of hematochezia. Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC, 20.9%), structural abnormalities of gastrointestinal tract (SAGT, 12.4%), and suspected food allergy (sFA, 10.6%) were the most common causes of neonatal hematochezia. It indicated that FOBT-positive neonates with NEC were more likely to suffer due to a younger gestational age, lower birth weight, and lower weight on admission than the neonates with other conditions. The proportions of neonates with bloody stool (90.0%) and diarrhea (63.3%) in the sFA group were markedly higher than those in the other groups. However, in the SAGT group, emesis (94.3%) and abdominal distension (80.0%) were evidently higher, usually accompanied by a relatively poor response (60.0%) and weakened bowel sounds (48.6%). Furthermore, the higher incidences of poor response (72.1%), abdominal distension (71.2%), bloody stools (64.4%), and weakened bowel sounds (62.7%) were observed in the NEC group. Due to the complicated etiology associated with a positive FOBT, the analyzed indexes were combined with other clinical features to identify the likely causes of neonatal hematochezia. Because NEC, sFA and SAGT show similar clinical manifestations and can occasionally transform into each other, close and frequent observation is crucial for timely intervention to achieve a better prognosis. Although it failed to provide an early warning of severe disease through FOBT, and the early intervention for FOBT might not decrease NEC, sFA, structural bowel injuries, or any other complications, newborn FOBT positive reminds medical staff to be alert to the related diseases including NEC, SAGT and sFA, by closer observation and follow-up.
Comparative studies on population genetic structure of two closely related selfing and outcrossing Zingiber species in Hainan Island
Authors: Huang Rong , Chu Qing-Hua , Lu Guo-Hui , Wang Ying-Qiang
Published: November 2019

How mating system impacts the genetic diversity of plants has long fascinated and puzzled evolutionary biologists. Numerous studies have shown that self-fertilising plants have less genetic diversity at both the population and species levels than outcrossers. However, the phylogenetic relationships between species and correlated ecological traits have not been accounted for in these previous studies. Here, we conduct a comparative population genetic study of two closely related selfing and outcrossing Zingiber species, with sympatric distribution in Hainan Island, and obtain a result contrary to previous studies. The results indicate that selfing Z. corallinum can maintain high genetic diversity through differentiation intensified by local adaptation in populations across the species’ range. In contrast, outcrossing Z. nudicarpum preserves high genetic diversity through gene exchange by frequent export of pollen within or among populations. Contrary to expectations, the major portion of genetic variation of outcrossing Z. nudicarpum may exist among populations, depending on the dispersal ability of pollen and seed. Our results also reveal that the main factor affecting population structure of selfing Z. corallinum is mountain ranges, followed by a moist climate, while that of outcrossing Z. nudicarpum is likely moisture, but not mountain ranges, due to gene flow via pollen.
Variations in melatonin levels in preterm and term human breast milk during the first month after delivery
Authors: Qin Yishi , Shi Weiyang , Zhuang Jialu , Liu Yu , Tang Lili , Bu Jun , Sun Jianhua , Bei Fei
Published: November 2019

The objectives of the present study were to examine the dynamic changes in breast milk melatonin throughout the course of lactation and to explore factors associated with changes in melatonin concentrations and rhythms in both preterm and term breast milk. Breast milk was collected sequentially at 03:00, 09:00, 15:00, and 21:00 in one day. Melatonin was analyzed in 392 breast milk samples from 98 healthy nursing mothers at 0 to 30 days postpartum. In both preterm and term breast milk, the melatonin concentration presented a circadian rhythm with the acrophase at around 03:00. Subgroup analysis showed the peak melatonin concentrations differed significantly across lactation stages, with the highest concentration in the colostrum, followed by transitional and mature breast milk. At 03:00, preterm breast milk had a higher concentration of melatonin than term breast milk in the colostrum (28.67 pg/mL vs. 25.31 pg/mL, p < 0.022), transitional breast milk (24.70 pg/mL vs. 22.55 pg/mL), and mature breast milk (22.37 pg/mL vs. 20.12 pg /mL). Further studies are warranted for their roles and significance on melatonin in breast milk in nutrition and metabolism of neonates.
Root and nitrate-N distribution and optimization of N input in winter wheat
Authors: Guo Bin-Bin , Liu Bei-Cheng , He Li , Wang Yang-Yang , Feng Wei , Zhu Yun-Ji , Jiao Nian-Yuan , Wang Chen-Yang , Guo Tian-Cai
Published: November 2019

Scientific management of nitrogen (N) fertilizer has a significant effect on yield while also reducing the environmental risks. In this study, we conducted field experiments over three years at two different sites (Zhengzhou and Shangshui) in Henan Province, China, using different N application rates (0, 90,180, 270, and 360 kg ha−1) to determine the relationships between soil N supply and N demand in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Optimal N input was then determined. Both sites showed the same trend. Namely, aboveground N uptake and soil nitrate N (NO3−-N) increased with increasing N, while NO3−-N decreased with increasing soil depth, gradually moving downwards with growth. A significant correlation (p < 0.001) between increasing aboveground N uptake and increasing NO3−-N was also observed under N application, with the best relationships occurring in the 20–60 cm layer during jointing-anthesis (R2 = 0.402–0.431) and the 20–80 cm layer at maturity (R2 = 0.474). Root weight density showed the same spatial-temporal characteristics as NO3−-N, following a unimodal trend with increasing N, and peaking at 90 kg ha−1. The root weight density was mainly distributed in the 0–60 cm layer (above 80%), with the 20–60 cm layer accounting for 30% of the total root system. In this layer, the root weight density was also significantly positively correlated with aboveground N uptake. Wheat yield reached saturation under high N (>270 kg ha−1), with a sharp decrease in N use efficiency (NUE) and linear increase in residual NO3−-N. To balance yield and the risk of environmental pollution in the experimental area, an N application rate of 180–270 kg ha−1 is recommended under sufficient irrigation, thereby supporting a well-developed root system while ensuring balance between N supply and demand.
Publisher Correction: Transportan 10 improves the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of vancomycin
Authors: Ruczyński Jarosław , Rusiecka Izabela , Turecka Katarzyna , Kozłowska Agnieszka , Alenowicz Magdalena , Gągało Iwona , Kawiak Anna , Rekowski Piotr , Waleron Krzysztof , Kocić Ivan
Published: November 2019

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Enrichment of persisters enabled by a ß-lactam-induced filamentation method reveals their stochastic single-cell awakening
Authors: Windels Etthel M. , Ben Meriem Zacchari , Zahir Taiyeb , Verstrepen Kevin J. , Hersen Pascal , Van den Bergh Bram , Michiels Jan
Published: November 2019

When exposed to lethal doses of antibiotics, bacterial populations are most often not completely eradicated. A small number of phenotypic variants, defined as ‘persisters’, are refractory to antibiotics and survive treatment. Despite their involvement in relapsing infections, processes determining phenotypic switches from and to the persister state largely remain elusive. This is mainly due to the low frequency of persisters and the lack of reliable persistence markers, both hampering studies of persistence at the single-cell level. Here we present a highly effective persister enrichment method involving cephalexin, an antibiotic that induces extensive filamentation of susceptible cells. We used our enrichment method to monitor outgrowth of Escherichia coli persisters at the single-cell level, thereby conclusively demonstrating that persister awakening is a stochastic phenomenon. We anticipate that our approach can have far-reaching consequences in the persistence field, by allowing single-cell studies at a much higher throughput than previously reported.
Draft genome assembly and transcriptome data of the icefish Chionodraco myersi reveal the key role of mitochondria for a life without hemoglobin at subzero temperatures
Authors: Bargelloni Luca , Babbucci Massimiliano , Ferraresso Serena , Papetti Chiara , Vitulo Nicola , Carraro Roberta , Pauletto Marianna , Santovito Gianfranco , Lucassen Magnus , Mark Felix Christopher , Zane Lorenzo , Patarnello Tomaso
Published: November 2019

Antarctic fish belonging to Notothenioidei represent an extraordinary example of radiation in the cold. In addition to the absence of hemoglobin, icefish show a number of other striking peculiarities including large-diameter blood vessels, high vascular densities, mitochondria-rich muscle cells, and unusual mitochondrial architecture. In order to investigate the bases of icefish adaptation to the extreme Southern Ocean conditions we sequenced the complete genome of the icefish Chionodraco myersi. Comparative analyses of the icefish genome with those of other teleost species, including two additional white-blooded and five red-blooded notothenioids, provided a new perspective on the evolutionary loss of globin genes. Muscle transcriptome comparative analyses against red-blooded notothenioids as well as temperate fish revealed the peculiar regulation of genes involved in mitochondrial function in icefish. Gene duplication and promoter sequence divergence were identified as genome-wide patterns that likely contributed to the broad transcriptional program underlying the unique features of icefish mitochondria.
Understanding the Role of CCS Deployment in Meeting Ambitious Climate Goals
Authors: Millar R. J. , Allen M. R.
Published: November 2019

Meeting the ambitious long-term temperature goal of the Paris Agreement necessitates far-reaching changes in the global energy system and economy. Understanding both physical constraints on this transition, as well as economic constraints on the deployment of various technologies, can help to assess what role carbon capture and storage (CCS) can play in achieving this transition over the remainder of the century. This chapter reviews the necessary physical climate science to understand the role of CCS in limiting warming. We describe how the concept of a finite “carbon budget” arises out of interactions between the carbon-cycle and the rest of the climate system. A clear physically-based requirement for achieving the long-term temperature goal of the Paris Agreement is the necessity of reaching global net-zero carbon dioxide emissions into the atmosphere. Based on this insight, we undertake a high-level but informative decomposition of Integrated Assessment Model (IAM) emissions reduction scenarios into contributions arising from the substitution of demand for carbon dioxide, and from the sequestration of carbon dioxide. In all scenarios that allow for the availability of CCS, the cost-effective solution offsets 20% or greater of business-as-usual end-of-century CO2 emissions with CCS and/or negative emissions technologies. We highlight the need for the sequestered fraction of extracted carbon, a potentially useful climate policy measure, to rise to reach unity in order to limit warming to any value and describe a near-term schedule for increases in this fraction compatible with IAM-simulated cost-effective pathways that succeed in meeting the Paris Agreement long-term temperature goal.
Ionic Liquids
Authors: Yao J. G. , Fennell P. S. , Hallett J. P.
Published: November 2019

The use of ionic liquids (ILs) is a relatively new and promising technology for CO2 capture and storage (CCS). Ionic liquids, which are essentially organic salts with melting points below 100 °C, are particularly attractive owing to their negligible volatility, chemical and thermal stability, and most importantly, their designability. Their low reaction enthalpy with CO2 allows regeneration under less energy intensive conditions relative to conventional amine solvents, and choosing their anion/cation pairing can allow their properties to be controlled. Although conventional ILs are able to physically absorb CO2, greater capture capacities can be achieved by tethering functional groups which can chemically bind to CO2 on either or both of the cation and anion. In addition to liquid–gas capture, ILs have also demonstrated success when incorporated into gas separation membranes. To date, most studies have been focused at the laboratory scale and under ideal conditions (i.e., capture under high CO2 partial pressures, and regeneration in N2); however, in order to progress with this technology, it is imperative to explore the behaviour of ILs under industrially-relevant environments. In addition, further process simulation and economic studies should be carried out to help scale up the technology.
Chemical Looping Technologies for CCS
Authors: Schnellmann M. A. , Görke R. H. , Scott S. A. , Dennis J. S.
Published: November 2019

Chemical looping can be used in a variety of forms to enable the separation of carbon dioxide emissions in a pure form suitable for sequestration or re-use, principally from combustion, reforming or the production of hydrogen. Chemical looping processes are generally second generation or novel technologies that are currently at lower levels of technological readiness than other options such as post combustion capture using amine solvents. A number are at the point where the next stage would be a demonstration plant. These processes use either a metal oxide or calcium carbonate as chemical intermediates since they are able to undergo reversible reactions with oxygen or carbon dioxide respectively. All chemical looping processes for carbon capture are high temperature processes, enabling them to be more energy efficient than low temperature processes such as amine scrubbing. With the exception of calcium looping for post-combustion capture, the capture of carbon dioxide emissions is also an inherent part of the process, rather than an additional step, downstream of the main process.
Detection of cardiovascular disease associated miR-29a using paper-based microfluidics and surface enhanced Raman scattering
Authors: Mabbott Samuel , Fernandes Syrena C. , Schechinger Monika , Cote Gerard L. , Faulds Karen , Mace Charles R. , Graham Duncan
Published: November 2019

A paper-based microfluidics self-testing device capable of colorimetric and SERS-based sensing of cardiovascular disease associated miR-29a has been developed for improving patient care and triage.
A fluorescence “off–on–off” sensing platform based on bimetallic gold/silver nanoclusters for ascorbate oxidase activity monitoring
Authors: Wang Mengjun , Wang Mengke , Wang Guannan , Su Xingguang
Published: November 2019

A novel papain-capped Au/Ag NCs was successfully synthesized and applied for AAO activity detection.
Reductive dehydrocoupling of diphenyltin dihydride with LiAlH4: selective synthesis and structures of the first bicyclo[2.2.1]heptastannane-1,4-diide and bicyclo[2.2.2]octastannane-1,4-diide
Authors: Steller Beate G. , Fischer Roland C. , Flock Michaela , Hill Michael S. , Liptrot David J. , McMullin Claire L. , Rajabi Nasir A. , Tiefling Kathrin , Wilson Andrew S. S.
Published: November 2019

The reaction of diphenyltin dihydride with LiAlH4gives access to a set of charged tin cages as their lithium salts.
Cyclo[18]carbon: the smallest all-carbon electron acceptor
Authors: Stasyuk Anton J. , Stasyuk Olga A. , Solà Miquel , Voityuk Alexander A.
Published: November 2019

The recently synthesized C18 molecule demonstrates strong electron acceptor properties similar to C60.
NHC-catalyzed silylative dehydration of primary amides to nitriles at room temperature
Authors: Hota Pradip Kumar , Maji Subir , Ahmed Jasimuddin , Rajendran N. M. , Mandal Swadhin K.
Published: November 2019

An abnormal NHC acts as an efficient catalyst for catalytic silylative dehydration of primary amides to nitriles under ambient conditions.
Peptide-templated gold nanoparticle nanosensor for simultaneous detection of multiple posttranslational modification enzymes
Authors: Zhang Dandan , Meng Ya-ru , Zhang Chun-yang
Published: November 2019

We developed a peptide-templated gold nanoparticle (AuNP) nanosensor for simultaneous detection of multiple posttranslational modification (PTM) enzymes.
Removal of lead ions from water using thiophene-functionalized metal–organic frameworks
Authors: Geisse Alissa R. , Ngule Chrispus M. , Genna Douglas T.
Published: November 2019

We report the use of thiophene containing MOFs, notably DUT-67, for the removal of Pb2+ ions from water under both batch and flow conditions with a max loading of 98.5 mg Pb2+ per g MOF via potential 6π-η5-thiophene-Pb2+ coordination.
High-κ dielectric ε-Ga2O3 stabilized in a transparent heteroepitaxial structure grown by mist CVD at atmospheric pressure
Authors: Yusa Subaru , Oka Daichi , Fukumura Tomoteru
Published: November 2019

The dielectric constant of metastable ε-Ga2O3 was evaluated for the first time by using a transparent heteroepitaxial structure of ε-Ga2O3/indium tin oxide/yttria-stabilized zirconia.
A quantum mechanical study of optical excitations in nanodisk plasmonic oligomers
Authors: Mokkath Junais Habeeb
Published: November 2019

Using state-of-the-art quantum-mechanical calculations, we investigate the optical excitations in plasmonic nanodisk oligomers.
Effect of sodium thiocyanate and sodium perchlorate on poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) collapse
Authors: Pica Andrea , Graziano Giuseppe
Published: November 2019

The two conformational states of PNIPAM have a similar accessibility to perchlorate ions.
Correction: Influence of mineralization and injection flow rate on flow patterns in three-dimensional porous media
Authors: Moosavi R. , Kumar A. , De Wit A. , Schröter M.
Published: November 2019

Correction for ‘Influence of mineralization and injection flow rate on flow patterns in three-dimensional porous media’ by R. Moosavi et al., Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2019, 21, 14605–14611.
Aerobic oxidative dehydrogenation of N-heterocycles over OMS-2-based nanocomposite catalysts: preparation, characterization and kinetic study
Authors: Bi Xiuru , Tang Tao , Meng Xu , Gou Mingxia , Liu Xiang , Zhao Peiqing
Published: November 2019

OMS-2-based nanocomposites doped with sodium phosphotungstate were prepared and their remarkably enhanced catalytic activity and recyclability in aerobic oxidative dehydrogenation of N-heterocycles were examined in detail.
The clean preparation of multisubstituted pyrroles under metal- and solvent-free conditions
Authors: Gui Qing-Wen , He Xiaoli , Wang Wenjing , Zhou Huilin , Dong Yumei , Wang Nengqing , Tang Jia-Xi , Cao Zhong , He Wei-Min
Published: November 2019

A practical method for the clean preparation of multisubstituted pyrroles via an iodine-catalyzed multicomponent reaction under metal- and solvent-free conditions was developed. In the gram-scale synthesis, the pyrroles can be easily collected through simple extraction.
Ammonia-salt solvent promotes cellulosic biomass deconstruction under ambient pretreatment conditions to enable rapid soluble sugar production at ultra-low enzyme loadings
Authors: Chundawat Shishir P. S. , Sousa Leonardo da Costa , Roy Shyamal , Yang Zhi , Gupta Shashwat , Pal Ramendra , Zhao Chao , Liu Shih-Hsien , Petridis Loukas , O'Neill Hugh , Pingali Sai Venkatesh
Published: November 2019

Lignocellulose dissolution and fractionation into highly amorphous cellulose (and lignin) using ammonia-salt solvents under ambient conditions facilitates efficient biorefining.
Iodine-catalysed N-centered [1,2]-rearrangement of 3-aminoindazoles with anilines: efficient access to 1,2,3-benzotriazines
Authors: Ren Jie , Yan Xinxin , Cui Xiaofan , Pi Chao , Wu Yangjie , Cui Xiuling
Published: November 2019

A straightforward and synthetically valuable approach for the synthesis of 1,2,3-benzotriazines has been developed via iodine-catalysed N-centered [1,2]-rearrangement of 3-aminoindazoles with anilines.
A multicentre synergistic polyoxometalate-based metal–organic framework for one-step selective oxidative cleavage of β-O-4 lignin model compounds
Authors: Tian Hong-Rui , Liu Yi-Wei , Zhang Zhong , Liu Shu-Mei , Dang Tian-Yi , Li Xiao-Hui , Sun Xiu-Wei , Lu Ying , Liu Shu-Xia
Published: November 2019

NENU-MV-5 as a heterogeneous catalyst without any co-catalyst, one-step selective oxidative cleavage of lignin models to high-value-added aromatics in a single solvent was achieved by synergistic effect of VIV–O–VV and CuI using O2 as oxidant.
Multiscale 3D-printing of microfluidic AFM cantilevers
Authors: Kramer Robert C. L. N. , Verlinden Eleonoor J. , Angeloni Livia , van den Heuvel Anita , Fratila-Apachitei Lidy E. , van der Maarel Silvère M. , Ghatkesar Murali K.
Published: November 2019

Multiscale 3D-printing enables rapid prototyping and fabrication of microfluidic AFM cantilevers for applications in life sciences and beyond.
Binary activated iron oxide/SiO2/NaGdF4:RE (RE = Ce, and Eu; Yb, and Er) nanoparticles: synthesis, characterization and their potential for dual T1–T2 weighted imaging
Authors: Shrivastava Navadeep , Garcia Joel , Rocha Uéslen , Ospina Carlos , Muraca Diego , de Menezes A. S. , Jacinto Carlos , Louie Angelique Y. , Zoppellaro Giorgio , Sharma S. K.
Published: November 2019

Iron oxide/SiO2/NaGdF4:RE (RE = Ce, and Eu; Yb, and Er) NPs upon irradiation of (i) 254 nm UV light shows red lines in (Ce, and Eu) activated systems and (ii) a 980 nm NIR laser shows green lines and mid IR lines in (Yb, and Er) activated systems.
Electrosynthesis of carbon aerogel-modified AuNPs@quercetinviaan environmentally benign method for hydrazine (HZ) and hydroxylamine (HA) detection
Authors: Rajkumar Chellakannu , Nehru Raja , Chen Shen-Ming , Kim Haekyoung , Arumugam S. , Sankar Raman
Published: November 2019

An ultrasensitive electrochemical sensor fabricated using a hydrothermal and environmentally benign methods for the detection of environmental pollutions, namely, hydrazine (HZ) and hydroxylamine (HA) has been described.
A photoelectrochemical aptasensor for the detection of 17β-estradiol based on In2S3 and CdS co-sensitized cerium doped TiO2
Authors: Li Yuewen , Xu Rui , Wei Dong , Feng Rui , Fan Dawei , Zhang Nuo , Wei Qin
Published: November 2019

In2S3 and CdS co-sensitized Ce doped TiO2 optimized the transmission path of electrons.
Preparation of a novel sandwich-type electrochemical immunosensor for AFP detection based on an ATRP and click chemistry technique
Authors: Zhao Xiaoqing , Wang Na , Chen Hou , Bai Liangjiu , Xu Hui , Wang Wenxiang , Yang Huawei , Wei Donglei , Yang Lixia , Cheng Zhenping
Published: November 2019

It is extremely important to explore the synthesis methodology and application scope of functional polymer brush-based nanocomposites.
Molecular interaction between MeOH and genistein during soy extraction
Authors: Zhao Hailiang , Song Xue , Zhang Yingming , Sheng Xia
Published: November 2019

The interaction between genistein and extraction solvent helps in understanding the extraction efficiency.
Nifuroxazide ameliorates lipid and glucose metabolism in palmitate-induced HepG2 cells
Authors: Liu Jing-Yi , Zhang Yi-Chen , Song Li-Ni , Zhang Lin , Yang Fang-Yuan , Zhu Xiao-Rong , Cheng Zhi-Qiang , Cao Xi , Yang Jin-Kui
Published: November 2019

Inflammation constitutes an important component of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
Understanding segregation processes in SAMs formed by mixtures of hydroxylated and non-hydroxylated fatty acids
Authors: Bueno Otto V. M. , Benítez J. J. , San-Miguel Miguel A.
Published: November 2019

Segregation processes emerging when preparing self-assembled layers from mixtures with different compositions of aleuritic (9,10,16 trihydroxyhexadecanoic) (ALE) and palmitic (hexadecanoic) (PAL) acids.
Thermostable iron oxide nanoparticle synthesis within recombinant ferritins from the hyperthermophile Pyrococcus yayanosii CH1
Authors: Yu Jiacheng , Zhang Tongwei , Xu Huangtao , Dong Xiaoli , Cai Yao , Pan Yongxin , Cao Changqian
Published: November 2019

A novel thermostable ferritin from Pyrococcus yayanosii CH1 directs the synthesis of thermostable magnetoferritins (M-PcFn5000) in one step.
Long-term stably dispersed functionalized graphene oxide as an oil additive
Authors: Bao Tianjiao , Wang Zhiyong , Zhao Yan , Wang Yan , Yi Xiaosu
Published: November 2019

T154 modified graphene oxide as an oil additive exhibited excellent tribological properties, long-term stable dispersity and high thermal properties.
Solvothermal synthesis of Mn-doped CsPbCl3 perovskite nanocrystals with tunable morphology and their size-dependent optical properties
Authors: Liu Chang , Lin Jing , Zhai Wei , Wen Zhikai , He Xin , Yu Mengmeng , Huang Yang , Guo Zhonglu , Yu Chao , Tang Chengchun
Published: November 2019

A facile solvothermal reaction strategy was developed to obtain Mn-doped CsPbCl3 nanocrystals with tunable morphology and optical properties.
Electrophilically activated nitroalkanes in reaction with aliphatic diamines en route to imidazolines
Authors: Aksenov Alexander V. , Aksenov Nicolai A. , Arutiunov Nikolai A. , Malyuga Vladimir V. , Ovcharov Sergey N. , Rubin Michael
Published: November 2019

Imidazolines were assembled via an unusual reaction between nitroalkanes and aliphatic 1,2-diamines in the presence of phosphorous acid.
Multi-emission metal–organic framework composites for multicomponent ratiometric fluorescence sensing: recent developments and future challenges
Authors: Yang Li , Song Yonghai , Wang Li
Published: November 2019

Ratiometric fluorescence sensors that are achievedviathe ratiometric fluorescence intensity changes of emission peaks based on multi-emission fluorescence probes show a huge advantage.
A broadband cyan-emitting Ca2LuZr2(AlO4)3:Ce3+ garnet phosphor for near-ultraviolet-pumped warm-white light-emitting diodes with an improved color rendering index
Authors: Sun Liangling , Devakumar Balaji , Liang Jia , Wang Shaoying , Sun Qi , Huang Xiaoyong
Published: November 2019

Broadband cyan-emitting Ca2LuZr2(AlO4)3:Ce3+ garnet phosphors enabled to fill the cyan gap in the emission spectra of near-ultraviolet-pumped warm-white LEDs, thus resulting in improved color rendering index.
The photocatalytic phenol degradation mechanism of Ag-modified ZnO nanorods
Authors: Feng Chang , Chen Zhuoyuan , Jing Jiangping , Hou Jian
Published: November 2019

ZnO/Ag/Ag2O accelerates phenol degradation through different intermediate processes under white light illumination.
The protective effect of thymoquinone on tert-butylhydroquinone induced cytotoxicity in human umbilical vein endothelial cells
Authors: Karimi Zahra , Ghaffari Maryam , Ezzati Nazhad Dolatabadi Jafar , Dehghan Parvin
Published: November 2019

2-tert-Butyl-4-hydroquinone (TBHQ) is used for inhibition of oxidative rancidity in the food industry. However, this antioxidant can stimulate cytotoxicity in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Thus, potential protective effects of thymoquinone (TQ) against TBHQ-induced cytotoxicity were investigated. Cytotoxicity was evaluated via MTT, flow cytometry, DAPI staining and DNA fragmentation methods. The obtained results revealed that treatment of HUVECs with TQ enhanced the cell viability rate and it had potential to reduce the cytotoxicity effect of TBHQ in cells. Also, in a combined regime of TQ and TBHQ, apoptosis was reduced compared to the cells treated with TBHQ (p < 0.05). Similarly, TQ had a protective effect on DNA and chromatin fragmentation of the cells treated with TBHQ. Finally, it can be concluded that TQ could be used as a protective agent against cytotoxicity induced by TBHQ in HUVECs.
miR-125 inhibits colorectal cancer proliferation and invasion by targeting TAZ
Authors: Yang Meiyuan , Tang Xiaoli , Wang Zheng , Wu Xiaoqing , Tang Dong , Wang Daorong
Published: November 2019

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common malignant tumor worldwide and is a serious threat to human health. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a key role in oncogenesis and cancer progression. MiRNA-125 (miR-125) is an important miRNA that is dysregulated in several kinds of cancers. Thus, we investigated the expression and effects of miR-125 and Transcriptional co-activator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ) for a better understanding of the underlying mechanism of tumor progression in CRC, which may provide an emerging biomarker for diagnosis and treatment of CRC. We measured the expression levels of miR-125 in CRC tissues, adjacent tissues, and cell lines (e.g. HCT116, SW480, FHC) by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The effect of miR-125 on proliferation and invasion in CRC cells was detected by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), clone formation assay, and transwell assay. Western blotting and qRT-PCR were used to investigate the expression of TAZ after knocking down miR-125 in HCT116 cells or overexpressing miR-125 in SW480 cells. MiR-125 was significantly down-regulated in CRC compared with pericarcinomatous tissue from 18 patients. An miR-125 inhibitor promoted CRC cell proliferation and invasion, while miR-125 mimic had the opposite effect. Moreover, we found that TAZ was an miR-125 target and the siRNA knockdown of TAZ could reverse the effect of the miR-125 inhibitor on proliferation and invasion in HCT116 cells. The present study shows that miR-125 suppresses CRC proliferation and invasion by targeting TAZ.
Molecular basis of arrhythmic substrate in ageing murine peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ co-activator deficient hearts modelling mitochondrial dysfunction
Authors: Edling Charlotte E. , Fazmin Ibrahim T. , Saadeh Khalil , Chadda Karan R. , Ahmad Shiraz , Valli Haseeb , Huang Christopher L.-H. , Jeevaratnam Kamalan
Published: November 2019

Introduction: Ageing and chronic metabolic disorders are associated with mitochondrial dysfunction and cardiac pro-arrhythmic phenotypes which were recently attributed to slowed atrial and ventricular action potential (AP) conduction in peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ co-activator deficient (Pgc-1β−/−) mice. Methods: We compared expression levels of voltage-gated Na+ channel (NaV1.5) and gap junction channels, Connexins 40 and 43 (Cx40 and Cx43) in the hearts of young and old, and wild-type (WT) and Pgc-1β−/− mice. This employed Western blotting (WB) for NaV1.5, Cx40 and Cx43 in atrial/ventricular tissue lysates, and immunofluorescence (IF) from Cx43 was explored in tissue sections. Results were analysed using two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) for independent/interacting effects of age and genotype. Results: In atria, increased age and Pgc-1β−/− genotype each independently decreased both Cx40 and Cx43 expression without interacting effects. In IF experiments, both age and Pgc-1β deletion independently reduced Cx43 expression. In ventricles, age and genotype exerted interacting effects in WB studies of NaV1.5 expression. Young Pgc-1β−/− then showed greater NaV1.5 expression than young WT ventricles. However, neither age nor Pgc-1β deletion affected Cx43 expression, independently or through interacting effects in both WB and IF studies. Conclusion: Similar pro-arrhythmic atrial/ventricular phenotypes arise in aged/Pgc-1β−/− from differing contributions of altered protein expression and functional effects that may arise from multiple acute mechanisms.
Component damping evaluation in sub‐synchronous oscillation based on transient energy flow method
Authors: Ren Yina , Wang Xiaohai , Chen Lei , Min Yong , Li Gang , Wang Linke , Yin Lu
Published: November 2019

In recent years, sub‐synchronous oscillations have occurred frequently. Torsional interactions may cause oscillations in turbo‐generator rotor shafts and thus huge losses. Conventional studies focus on the damping of system oscillation modes, but little on the damping of components, which could aid in finding out the source of a poorly damped or undamped oscillation. This study aims at a quantitative evaluation method of the damping characteristics of each component in torsional interaction. The transient energy flow method successfully applied in component damping evaluation and source location of low‐frequency and ultra‐low‐frequency oscillations is further developed for that of sub‐synchronous oscillation. The transient energy flow method evaluates the damping of a component by its dissipation rate of transient energy. A method of computing the transient energy flow in sub‐synchronous oscillation is proposed. It is found that the rate of energy flow is relevant to the difference between the super‐synchronous and sub‐synchronous powers. The relation between the transient energy dissipation and the damping of a component is validated by both mathematical deduction and simulation results. The transient energy flow method can evaluate component damping and therefore locate oscillation sources effectively in sub‐synchronous oscillation.
Reactive power sharing control for islanded AC microgrid based on fuzzy adaptive compensation method
Authors: Mi Yang , Yan Li , Cai Hangyi , Fu Yang , Tian Shuxin , Jin Chi
Published: November 2019

Due to reactive power irrational sharing issue resulting from the mismatched line impedances and unbalanced local loads of the inverters, the hierarchical coordination control strategy based on fuzzy adaptive compensation is designed to improve the accuracy of the reactive power sharing in the islanded AC microgrid. Firstly, in the local controller, the total active power and the average reactive power are obtained by the initial power sharing stage and the secondary power sharing stage, respectively. Then, in the power balancing stage, the average reactive power as the input of the fuzzy control can be used to adaptively adjust the voltage reference value in real time, so the rational sharing of reactive power may be achieved by using the designed control strategy. Furthermore, based on the classification of load fluctuation, the coordinated operation strategy is designed to deal with reactive power sharing for different load fluctuation conditions. Noteworthy, only the low‐bandwidth synchronisation signal from the central controller is used to the hierarchical control strategy, which can maintain characteristic of plug‐and‐play in the microgrid. Simulation and experiment results are presented to validate the effectiveness of the proposed strategy.
Review on voltage‐violation mitigation techniques of distribution networks with distributed rooftop PV systems
Authors: Nour Ahmed M.M. , Hatata Ahmed Y. , Helal Ahmed A. , El‐Saadawi Magdi M.
Published: November 2019

The integration of the various types of distributed generators in low‐voltage (LV) distribution networks becomes a great concern, especially the rooftop photovoltaic (PV) systems. The negative impacts of the rooftop PVs on the distribution feeder buses’ voltage include voltage rise and voltage unbalance (VU). Such a voltage‐violation condition depends mainly on the PVs ratings and the network unbalance percentage. This study presents a review for different techniques used to mitigate the voltage violation resulting from PVs integration in a typical three‐phase four‐wire LV distribution network case study. The voltage‐violation mitigation techniques studied in this study are enhancement of the feeder, on‐load tap changer, demand‐side management, active power curtailment, a reactive power control, static transfer switch, energy storage systems and hybrid strategies. The LV distribution network case study was modelled based on constant power model method using MATLAB software environment. The simulation results demonstrate both voltage regulation and alleviating VU capabilities of each technique.
KSR‐BOF: a new and exemplified method (as KSRs method) for image classification
Authors: Maleki Mohammad Hassan , Abed Hodtani Ghosheh , Hashemi Seyed Hesam Odin
Published: November 2019

Image classification is very important in pattern recognition and computer vision, where, for integrating final representation, feature pooling methods of the max‐pooling, sum‐pooling and average‐pooling have been widely used. In this study, the authors propose a new method called K‐strongest responses (KSRs) on the dictionary atoms for integrating the coding coefficients to generate the final representation that is compared with the previous pooling methods, produces better performance for the image classification task. On the basis of the KSR method, to improve classification accuracy and generate more compact and discriminative final representation, a new framework consisting of two‐part KSR and bag‐of‐features is proposed. To evaluate the performance of the proposed method and framework, they apply it to locality‐constrained linear coding, linear distance coding and sparse coding by using two datasets from benchmarks of scene classification: 19‐class satellite scene and UC Merced Land. The results show that the coding coefficients integrated by their method and framework are more discriminative than other methods.
Warm dust surface chemistry
Authors: Thi W. F. , Hocuk S. , Kamp I. , Woitke P. , Rab Ch. , Cazaux S. , Caselli P.
Published: November 2019

Context.Molecular hydrogen (H2) is the main constituent of the gas in the planet-forming disks that surround many pre-main-sequence stars. H2can be incorporated in the atmosphere of the nascent giant planets in disks. Deuterium hydride (HD) has been detected in a few disks and can be considered the most reliable tracer of H2, provided that its abundance throughout the disks with respect to H2is well understood.

Aims.We wish to form H2and HD efficiently for the varied conditions encountered in protoplanetary disks: the densities vary from 104to 1016cm−3; the dust temperatures range from 5 to 1500 K, the gas temperatures go from 5 to a few 1000 Kelvin, and the ultraviolet radiation field can be 107stronger than the standard interstellar field.

Methods.We implemented a comprehensive model of H2and HD formation on cold and warm grain surfaces and via hydrogenated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the physico-chemical code PROtoplanetary DIsk MOdel. The H2and HD formation on dust grains can proceed via the Langmuir-Hinshelwood and Eley-Ridel mechanisms for physisorbed or chemisorbed H (D) atoms. H2and HD also form by H (D) abstraction from hydrogenated neutral and ionised PAHs and via gas phase reactions.

Results.H2and HD are formed efficiently on dust grain surfaces from 10 to ~700 K. All the deuterium is converted into HD in UV shielded regions as soon as H2is formed by gas-phase D abstraction reactions. The detailed model compares well with standard analytical prescriptions for H2(HD) formation. At low temperature, H2is formed from the encounter of two physisorbed atoms. HD molecules form on the grain surfaces and in the gas-phase. At temperatures greater than 20 K, the encounter between a weakly bound H- (or D-) atom or a gas-phase H (D) atom and a chemisorbed atom is the most efficient H2formation route. H2formation through hydrogenated PAHs alone is efficient above 80 K. However, the contribution of hydrogenated PAHs to the overall H2and HD formation is relatively low if chemisorption on silicate is taken into account and if a small hydrogen abstraction cross-section is used. The H2and HD warm grain surface network is a first step in the construction of a network of high-temperature surface reactions.
Diagnostics – Experimental Analysis of Friction Pairs at Stick – Slip Sliding
Authors: Dykha Aleksandr , Matyukh Sergiy , Kałaczyński Tomasz
Published: November 2019

The movement of parts of friction pairs with small quantities and displacements is the cause of the so-called stick-slip movement. This is due to the instability of the process of formation and destruction of adhesive contact between the surfaces. In this case, the lubricant has a decisive influence on the processes of friction in the contact. In this work, based on the diagnostic and experimental complex, the dependences of the magnitude of the friction force on displacements for various lubricants were obtained. Statistical characteristics of the scattering parameters of friction force are obtained to estimate the vibrations of a moving body. It is received that the dispersion of the friction force relative to the average value decreases with increasing load and with dry and lubricated contact. On the basis of the obtained experimental results, it is possible to establish some quantitative characteristics of such a movement: the number of oscillations (jumps) per unit of time; the average movement in a contact before a shift in a contact; the average resistance force in a contact before a shift. The correct selection of lubricant and loads ensures minimum values of vibrations of the friction units of machines. This consequently improves the positioning accuracy of the machines.
Analysis of selected results of engine oil tests
Authors: Landowski Bogdan , Baran Monika
Published: November 2019

The study presents selected results of viscosity tests performed for different temperatures of lubricating oil with viscosity marked as 5w30. Viscosity tests of new oil and oil right after being used have been compared. Lubricating oil used in a drive unit of a passenger car was tested. A vehicle in which oil had been changed irregularly was purposefully selected for the tests. Its mileage was over 15-20 thousand kilometers. Upon testing the vehicle mileage was above 265 thousand kilometers. The values of selected characteristics of the analyzed engine oils have been determined including: density, kinematic viscosity and viscosity index. FUNGILAB rotary viscometer was used for measurement of the oil kinematic viscosity.