bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Parametric study of natural convection showing effects of geometry, number and orientation of fins on a finned tube system: A numerical approach
Authors: KRISHNAYATRA Gaurav , TOKAS Sulekh , KUMAR Rajesh , ZUNAID Mohammad
Published: March 2022

The present study provides a thorough numerical analysis of natural convection heat transfer from a horizontal cylinder with external longitudinal fins. The Three-dimensional(3D) forms of Continuity, Navier-stokes, and the energy equations have been solved to understand the flow field and temperature distribution using the Ansys Fluent software. The purpose of the study is to investigate the effects of fin length Lf, fin thickness (t), number of fins (N) and material of fin (Aluminum & Steel) on the parameters namely, the heat transfer rate from the inner isothermal wall and effectiveness (Q*)of the system for a constant Rayleigh number in the laminar range (Ra ≤ 106). Additionally, the effect of two different orientations (A&B) of fins has been discussed. Orientation-A consists of fins starting from horizontal plane placed at equal angular spacing subsequently, whereas the fins in orientation-B originate from the vertical plane followed with equal angular spacing. Non-dimensional fin length (L*) is being varied from 0.222 to 2, non-dimensional fin thickness (t*) as 0.022 ~0.044 and the number of fins (N) between 6~24. It is observed that for a fixed number of fins there exists an optimum fin length and for a fixed fin length there exists an optimum fin thickness & an optimum number of fins. For a fixed number of fins there exist an optimum fin length and maximum effectiveness, the maximum possible effectiveness for the taken fin-tube system is 4.34 for 12 fins. The maximum effectiveness reported in the current study was 1.86 for L*=0.444, t*=0.022 and N=12. Furthermore, the optimum length for N=12 came out to be L*=1.8.
Mathematical modeling of semitransparent photovoltaicthermal (SPVT) system with different packing factors: An experimental validation
Authors: CHOPRA V.k. , MISHRA R.k. , DWIVEDI V. K. , MOHAPATRA B.
Published: March 2022

Solar energy is guided by mix mode photovoltaic cell (PV)having thermal effect not only take a part of electricity generation, besides other fundamental approach is to control the rise in temperature of the cell. Our main priority of this type of configuration of cell is for electricity generation. Other aspect of controlling temperature of the cell, fluid is used which carries away excessive gain in temperature. In this paper air as fluid is used that pull out undue amount of heat from the cell module. As the temperature regulated there is very favourable chance of efficiency (electrical) shoots up.In this article, four different experimental set up of mix mode has taken in which a duct made of wood having dimensions 0.86 m × 0.63 m × 0.05 m fixed along with the module in which 10 W capacity DC fan is also incorporated for the circulation of air. Various observations deduce from this paper that case-III has the highest efficiency am ong ot her ca ses. On comparing efficiencies with different cases. Case-III gain of 0.7% more as compared to Case-II where as it is 1.7% more gain than case-I.
Appraisal of D-dimer: A meta-analysis
Authors: Silvia C R Wilma Delphine , Bora Aparajeeta
Published: March 2022

D- dimer assays are most widely used in clinical practice to exclude a diagnosis of pulmonary embolism or deep vein thrombosis. D- dimer assays vary in instrumentation, calibration standard, method of capture and antibody used. These differences impose significant influence on the characteristics of the assays during operation. In this review, we have outlined the general properties and limitations of different D-dimer assays and provided clinical perspective on the role of D-dimer test in the diagnosis and prognosis of venous thromboembolism.
Prognostic utility of soluble ST2 biomarker in heart failure patients with reduced ejection fraction
Authors: Nimbolkar Janardan , Chogle Shubha , Chandel Rittu , Poojary Aruna , Kar Shubhra
Published: March 2022

sST2 is a member of interleukin 1 receptor family biomarker and the concentration of its soluble isoform increases with cardiac stress leading to cardiac fibrosis. It has 2 isoforms the ligand forms sST2L and soluble form. In acute or chronic heart failure the soluble form is highly prognostic and predictive of mortality.

It’s a prospective study of patients aged 45 to 90 with reduced ejection fraction and cardiomyopathy. Sample collected for day 1,5,30. There outcome assessed at day 30 and mortality on one year follow up.

Total 79 patients studied, 57 LVF cases and 22 healthy controls. 50 males, 29 females, Cardiomyopathy 24 cases. Mean sST2 value 137.7829±89 (SD). At 30 days outcome and one year mortality with significant P value 0.000. As the age increases sST2 levels rises. For cardiomyopathy patients sST2 (141±78). At day 5 and 30 patients improved with decrease in levels where worsened patients had persistent high values. Those patient with more than 250 or implausible values had worse outcome or expired. Most important those responded to appropriate treatment values significantly improved. For cardiomyopathy patients values remained high persistently and ultimately required cardiac transplant or definitive line of treatment.

sST2 is diagnostic and prognostic marker in patients with HFrEF presenting as acute or chronic heart failure. Significant p values for 30 days outcome and mortality. In cardiomyopathy patients with persistent high levels were bad prognostic indicator and suggests consideration of definitive line of treatment.
Cystatin GFR better marker than creatinine GFR for accurate prediction of renal dysfunction in diabetic patients: A tertiary care centre study
Authors: Nimbolkar Janardan , Chogle Shubha , Bhandarkar Lata , Poojary Aruna , Chandel Ritu
Published: March 2022

Diabetic and hypertensive patients gradually gets decreased glomerular function. Creatinine starts rising and exhibits decreased kidney function when more than 50% of glomerular function is lost. Cystatin C, a parameter which accesses kidney function accurately predicts GFR.

GFR is calculated by measuring Cystatin C and Creatinine. Groups were normal patients, diabetics patients, Comparison of changes of pre and post treatment GFR by Creatinine and Cystatin.

Total 57 patient studied 1) Cystatin C GFR is lower than creatinine GFR in 20 normal patients with P value with paired t test is 0.0032 hence prompts early renal evaluation whereas creatinine GFR overestimates renal function. 2) cystatin C GFR in 37 patients with kidney dysfunction and diabetes is less than Creatine GFR with p-value < 0.05 suggests more accurate prediction for renal injury. 3) Cystatin GFR is affected by age and gender 4) Change in Pre and Post treatment of 9 patients with creatinine GFR and cystatin GFR with p-value = 0.47657 > 0.05 but these patients high Creatinine levels on admission which gets normalised with remarkable rise in GFR whereas Cystatin C levels gets marginally decrease suggests renal recovery ongoing.

Clearly exhibits Creatinine GFR is overestimates renal function. Patients with normal GFR by Creatinine having raised Cystatin C levels prompts early renal evaluation. Cystatin C is accurately estimating, less affected by variables and predicting severity of renal dysfunction. Thus, Cystatin C GFR better diagnostic and sensitive maker than creatinine GFR for accurate prediction of renal dysfunction in Diabetic patients.
The Role of Images in Enriching the Aesthetic Taste
Authors: Al-Saadi Sarah M. , Karbol Hasanain A. , Almajidi Basim H.
Published: March 2022

Contemporary critical proposals and works focused on investing the visual image to convey the desired meanings and connotations as purposeful messages to society. Many studies dealt with the concept of image and visual culture in architecture without focusing on these two concepts and their relationship to aesthetic taste in general and the impact of this on architectural critical practices in particular in a way that broadens the knowledge base about the critical and architectural inspirational and creative possibilities. So, the research is directed towards finding and defining the real relationship between these concepts to seek to understand and present their multiple aspects and expand their theoretical knowledge base. This research aims to define the general framework of the image culture and then focus on studying the culture of the contemporary visual image and its relationship to the aesthetic taste, which are directly related to the contemporary critical movement, and to determine the nature of the dynamic relations between them, to reach a theoretical framework that represents the foundations and rules affecting the enrichment of aesthetic taste and enriching its messages by clarifying the elements of the image, its expressive and aesthetic value, and how to read it, in addition, to clarify the extent to which the aesthetic taste of society is affected by the components of the architectural image, and finding general frameworks for the role of the image in enriching the critical practice in the context of society, with presenting the conclusions and recommendations.
Troska o normatywne punkty orientacyjne w wychowaniu – śladem myśli pedagogicznej Teresy Kukołowicz
Authors: Chrobak Stanisław
Published: March 2022

Teresa Kukołowicz (1925-2014) podkreślała, że człowiek jest bytem niedoskonałym, niedokończonym, potencjalnym, a dzięki oddziaływaniom pedagogicznym ma szansę na kształtowanie siebie tak, by stawać się coraz bardziej doskonałym, dokończonym, by aktualizować swoje możliwości. Zatem, jeśli chcemy mówić, że wychowanie jest pomocą niesioną człowiekowi w jego rozwoju i wzrastaniu – to jego sens tkwi w realizacji tych celów, które wyrażają sposób rozumienia świata i życia, sposób wartościowania rzeczywistości i jego ocenę. W efekcie wyrazem takiej postawy człowieka wobec świata i życia jest jego deklaracja wobec podstawowych wartości. Człowiek odpowiada na wezwanie wartości i w ten sposób nie tylko przekształca świat, lecz także buduje siebie jako wartość na tym świecie. Pedagog staje więc przed zadaniem wyposażenia wychowanka w sprawności i struktury, które będą rozwijać w nim gotowość do aktualizowania siebie jako osoby. Bez oczywistych prawd religijno-światopoglądowych, etycznych i estetycznych nasze życie osobiste i społeczne byłoby bardziej chaotyczne niż obecnie.
Polityka wielokulturowości a edukacja obywatelska w Anglii – wybrane aspekty socjopedagogiczne
Authors: Hejwosz-Gromkowska Daria
Published: March 2022

W angielskim dyskursie politycznym wielokrotnie ogłaszano już koniec wielokulturowości jako idei łączącej więzy społeczne. W niniejszym artykule podjęto próbę analizy dyskursu debaty publicznej wokół problematyki wielokulturowości w Anglii oraz implikacji dla edukacji obywatelskiej. W artykule zostały przedstawione – po pierwsze – założenia edukacji obywatelskiej w kontekście budowania spójnego społeczeństwa w ramach kategorii Britishness, co było fundamentem działań laburzystów po 1997 roku.  Po drugie ukazana została koncepcja idei Big Society w kontekście wielokulturowości, zaproponowanej przez Torysów po przejęciu władzy w 2010 roku. Ponadto podjęto próbę znalezienia odpowiedzi na pytanie, czy istotnie nastąpił koniec polityki wielokulturowości, czy też przybrała ona inną formę i jakie znaczenie ma ona dla przyszłości edukacji obywatelskiej.
Nauczyciel jako kreator wartości w wychowaniu muzycznym
Authors: Szubertowska Elżbieta
Published: March 2022

Obecna sytuacja kultury muzycznej społeczeństwa polskiego wymaga skutecznej edukacji dzieci i młodzieży, prowadzonej przez dobrze wykształconych nauczycieli. Jednak od wielu lat kandydaci na te kierunki studiów wykazują niski poziom wyjściowy swoich umiejętności i zainteresowań muzycznych. Nadrobienie tych braków w czasie studiów wymaga odważnych działań kadry pedagogicznej uczelni i podjęcia wzmożonych wysiłków na rzecz budowania wysokiej kultury muzycznej przyszłych nauczycieli. Oczekiwaną skuteczność działań nauczyciela w procesie wychowania muzycznego gwarantuje właściwa relacja między nauczycielem a uczniem oraz wyraźna w tych kontaktach identyfikacja nauczyciela z przekazywanymi wartościami.
On the measurement of the magnetic induction vector with the use of a three-component magnetometer placed on a mobile carrier
Authors: Zligostev I. N. , Epov M. I. , Savluk A. V.
Published: March 2022

The article describes the use of a vector ferromagnetic magnetometer placed on an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). It is shown that solving inverse problems of magnetic prospecting for a vector aeromagnetic survey makes it possible to identify areas with different magnetization. We present a simple, based on standard libraries, software product for processing primary data of three-component fluxgate magnetometers, which allows correctly selecting the magnetic induction vector components when performing magnetic UAV surveys. To build maps, a method for graphical display of a vector field is proposed. On the example of a man-made object, we demonstrate that vector fields measured at different heights provide significantly more information than conventional electromagnetic induction measurements.
Bilateral Inscription from the Stanitsa Nedvigovskaya. Tanais, Tanaitai, emporium and Emporium in Written Sources
Authors: SHELOV-KOVEDYAEV F.V.
Published: March 2022

The paper publishes the bilateral Greek inscription occasionally found in Nedvigovka village on Don Estuary at late 1980 years. Her reverse side presents the dating formula from the period of bosporan King Tiberius Julius Eupator with new court post of ὁ ἐπὶ τῶν Ταναειτῶν τῶν κατὰ Βόσπορον. The avers side preserved some little fragments of name’s list from the time of bosporan King Sauromates I. Besides many corrigenda to interpretation of toponyms Tanais and Emporion, to reconstruction & notion of before published inscriptions are proposed. This, paper approves that following the CIRB 1237 the bosporan King Sauromates II visited the city of Tanais on Don River at 193 A.D.
A Forgotten Treasure of Cyrene
Authors: SELIVANOVA L.L.
Published: March 2022

The article examines human interaction with the natural environment in antiquity with a specific focus on Cyrene during the period from the sixth century B.C. to the first century A.D. The object of this examinationis silphium, a largely forgotten plant for which ancient Cyrenaica was famous. Relyingon an interdisciplinary approach, the author analyzes written and material (mainly numismatic) evidence to demonstrate how and why the discovery of silphium led to the flourishing of Cyrene, and the ways in which the undermining of environmental balance affected Cyrenaica.
Catiline in the "Aeneid"
Authors: DYMSKAYA D.D.
Published: March 2022

The paper examines the portrayal of Catiline in the Aeneid. For Virgil, Catiline is obviously a villain and a symbol of civil strife. This attitude however doesn't extend to other members of the gens Sergia since their legendary ancestor Sergestus in spite of his somewhat questionable behaviour during the funerary ship race, is still depicted as one of Aeneas' main and most loyal companions. Thus Virgil possibly wanted to show that the Sergii shouldn't be blamed for Catiline's crimes and that they too can be good citizens and loyal servants to the state just as Sergestus was to his leader.
The Role of Some Parameters in Diagnosis in the Absence of PCR in the Children with COVID-19
Authors: SOLMAZ Abdullah , ERCAN Tuğba Meliha Fatma , ERAT Tuğba , SOLMAZ Filiz
Published: March 2022

Objective: Infectious diseases cause inflammation in the human body and produce numerical and functional changes in peripheral blood cells. Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) is also an infectious disease diagnosed by the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) test. However, PCR testing may not always be available. The aim of this study is to show the effect of numerical and functional changes in blood parameters on the diagnosis of COVID-19 in children.

Method: In this retrospective study, 296 patients and 286 healthy children were included. Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected. The swabs were analyzed by Real-time PCR. Independent-t/Mann-Whitney-U tests were applied; Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves and logistic regression modelling were evaluated.

Result: Gender and age distributions of the groups were similar (p>0.05). There were significant differences between the two groups in terms of white blood cell (WBC) (p
Caracterização físico-química, mineralógica e tecnológica de argilas de Caxias/MA
Authors: Magalhães Rodrigo da Silva , Almeida Kelson Silva de , Gomes Érico Rodrigues
Published: March 2022

Este trabalho visa caracterizar uma mistura de argilas utilizadas na fabricação de tijolos na região de Caxias/MA. Foram realizadas ensaios de composição química, difração de raios X, análise térmica (TG/DTG), análise granulométrica e plasticidade. Além disso, foram determinadas propriedades tecnológicas tais como absorção de água, porosidade aparente, densidade aparente e resistência à flexão. Corpos de prova (15x2,5x1,5 cm) foram moldadas por extrusão e queimadas a três temperaturas, 800, 900 e 1000°C. Em termos de mineralogia, as amostras são argilas cauliniticas e ilíticas. Os resultados mostraram que a formulação estudada é adequada para a aplicação em alvenaria de vedação. Assim, as amostras de argila têm potencial para várias aplicações (tijolos, telhas, entre outras) como matéria-prima para a indústria da cerâmica vermelha no estado do Maranhão.
IDENTIFICAÇÃO DAS DISFUNÇÕES MICCIONAIS APRESENTADA POR PESSOAS COM DIABETES MELLITUS
Authors: Caselato Sheylla Aparecida Ribeiro
Published: March 2022

O Diabetes Mellitus (DM) é considerado um agravo de saúde que atinge o metabolismo do acometido e que pode ainda a longo prazo acarretar disfunções a sistemas e/ou órgãos, dentre eles, rins, vasos sanguíneos, olhos e nervos. Além disso, podem aparecer ainda quadros de infecção do trato urinário, hipertensão, dentre outras doenças. Este trabalho teve como objetivos: levantar na literatura as principais causas de complicações miccionais nos portadores de diabetes mellitus e abordar e discorrer sobre a incontinência urinária como sendo uma das principais complicações do diabetes mellitus.  Os portadores de DM têm maior risco em desenvolver uma ou mais disfunções urinárias, entretanto, o aumento isolado da glicemia no gênero feminino não está diretamente relacionado com a incontinência urinária (IU). A IU é descrita na literatura como qualquer queixa ou relato da liberação do esfíncter urinário com frequência sem que haja a percepção do paciente acometido. A IU é classificada conforme a ocorrência da perda de urinaria em: IU de esforço, IU de urgência e IU mista. Considerado um problema de saúde pública que acomete ambos os gêneros, em um estudo, 27,6% eram mulheres e 10,5% dos homens. É causada por diversos fatores e pode levar ocasionar transtornos de ordem física, psíquica, profissional, social, sexual e até econômica interferindo assim na qualidade dos indivíduos acometidos por ela. A IU tem impacto significativo na vida das pessoas, principalmente nos idosos, pois, nem sempre, é possível identificar a ocorrência da perda involuntária de urina bem como a queixa, percepção devido a vergonha do paciente acometido. Dessa forma, o aumento da vigilância dos profissionais é fundamental associada a orientação do paciente e familiares em identificarem tais situações facilitando a identificação dos profissionais para que as medidas terapêuticas sejam tomadas evitando maiores agravos quando possível. Conclusão: o desenvolvimento de ações educativas, preventivas e/ou de promoção junto aos profissionais, pacientes familiares e cuidadores são essenciais para que os resultados sejam os melhores possíveis.
Body build of children and youth with cerebral palsy
Authors: Łuczak Ewa , Mięsowicz Irmina , Szczygieł Andrzej
Published: March 2022

The material consists of the results of anthropometric measurements of 16 somatic traits of 155 children and youth (83 boys and 72 girls) at the age of 7-18 years. The analysis of 2-score values showed that the low body height, narrow hips, laterally flattened chest and low body mass, in spite of slight differences make boys and girls with cerebral palsy more similar to one another with respect to body proportions than to their healthy peers.
Effect on Sensory Evaluation, Starch and in vitro Protein Digestibility in Cookies Supplemented by Spirulina platensis Powder
Authors: . Seema , Jood Sudesh , Saharan Vatsala
Published: March 2022

Background: Cookies are the bakery product which is very much popular in different age groups. Sometimes cookies are used as supplement for meal, as munching, at traveling time, etc. Varieties of cookies are available in the market but some how they are deficient in nutrients. Therefore, the present study is focused on the development of nutrient rich and famous “cookies” supplemented with Spirulina plantensis powder, which is also known as super food; abundant in nutrients. Methods: Cookies as functional foods were formulated using Spirulina platensis powder, wheat flour and bengal gram flour to explore their nutritional potential. For the formulation of composite flour, four different proportions of wheat flour, bengal gram flour and Spirulina platensis powder were used, i.e 50:50:0 (control), 49:49:2 (Type-I), 48:48:4 (Type-II), 47:47:6 (Type-III) and 46:46:8 (Type-IV). Supplemented cookies up to 6 per cent Spirulina platensis were found to be acceptable and were investigated further. Result: The addition of Spirulina platensis powder to cookies, along with bengal gram flour and wheat flour, greatly improved the nutrient profile and digestibility of protein and starch.
Validación de un instrumento para la evaluación del consentimiento informado y su uso en investigación en estudiantes universitarios
Authors: Cartagena-Torres Édgar , Vargas-Hernández Yamile , Cuevas-Rodríguez Gloria Naidú , Rubio-Rincón Gina Sorel
Published: March 2022

El consentimiento informado, elemento fundamental para la investigación en salud y para la atención sanitaria, sirve para legalizar la voluntad del paciente. La disponibilidad de instrumentos para medir la comprensión sobre el consentimiento informado en las ciencias de la salud es imperioso. El objetivo del presente estudio fue validar un instrumento diseñado para la evaluar el conocimiento del consentimiento informado y su uso en investigación en estudiantes universitarios, por medio de la opinión de expertos. Seis profesionales con formación en bioética fueron invitados para emitir el concepto con base en el instrumento diseñado con nueve preguntas para la evaluación. Las calificaciones entregadas fueron usadas para el cálculo del índice de validez de contenido y la prueba de W de Kendall. Un valor de p 0,05 fue considerado estadísticamente significativo. Se obtuvo una puntuación promedio de 3,34±0,88, con puntaje bajo en la pregunta 5, y modificado acorde con las opiniones de los expertos. En el análisis de Kendall, hay concordancia estadísticamente significativa en los indicadores de coherencia, claridad y relevancia (p 0,001). En suma, el instrumento validado es una herramienta útil y disponible en español para realizar estudios sobre las percepciones del consentimiento informado de los estudiantes de pregrado.
PENGARUH BIMBINGAN BELAJAR ORANG TUA TERHADAP PRESTASI BELAJAR SISWA DI SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Syifa Musfiyyah  , Lu’Luil Maknun
Published: March 2022

Hasil belajar yang baik tentunya sudah harus dikembangkan. Salah satu faktor eksternal yang dapat mempengaruhi hasil belajar yaitu orang tua. Karena rendahnya hasil belajar peserta didik diharapkan dapat teratasi apabila peserta didik tersebut mendapatkan bimbingan belajar dari orang tuanya. Dengan hal tersebut tujuan artikel ini untuk mengetahui antara bimbingan belajar orang tua dengan prestasi peserta didik, dan untuk menguji apakah terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara bimbingan belajar orang tua terhadap hasil belajar peserta didik disekolah dasar. Dalam penulisan artikel ini menggunakan metode SLR (Systematic Literature Review). Teknik pengumpulan data dengan cara menelusuri berbagai referensi di jurnal, buku, skripsi dan artikel yang berkaitan dengan bimbingan belajar orang tua terhadap prestasi belajar siswa di sekolah dasar. Setelah mencari berbagai referensi, penulis menganalisis dan menyajikan secara sistematis di dalam artikel ini. Hasil artikel ilmiah ini menyajikan enam topik bahasan, yaitu: 1) bimbingan belajar, 2) bimbingan orang tua, 3) fungsi dan tujuan bimbingan orang tua, 4) prestasi belajar dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhinya, 5) keterkaitan antara bimbingan orang tua terhadap prestasi belajar siswa, 6) Pengaruh keterlibatan orang tua terhadap prestasi belajar. Berdasarkan hasil kajian ini, penulis menyimpulkan bahwa bimbingan belajar orang tua itu memang sangat berpengaruh positif terhadap hasil belajar peserta didik.
IMPLIKASI MEDIA DIGITAL TERHADAP PEMAHAMAN KONSEP MAHASISWA PADA MATA KULIAH INTEGRASI SAINS DAN AGAMA
Authors: Selvi Fauziyah
Published: March 2022

This study aims to determine the application process and implications of digital media on students' understanding of concepts in the integration of science and religion courses. The research method used is a qualitative method with a descriptive type of research. The sample of this study was the third semester PGMI students at IAIN Madura Pamekasan. The results of this study include, the process of applying digital media in learning includes several stages, namely providing information, guiding students or students, providing exercises, and conducting assessments. Digital media that can be used when guiding students or students include e-learning applications, whatsapp, zoom, google classroom, and youtube. The implications of digital media in learning make learning more interesting than offline learning which is monotonous, learning is also more active, creative, and communicative. The discussion room is wider, students' digital technology capabilities are further improved, the learning experience is more memorable, increases student learning motivation, and improves digital skills according to the application used. And most importantly, the implications of digital media can help make it easier for students to understand the concept of lecture material, especially in the integration of science and religion courses.
Genel anestezi altında diz artroplastisi uygulanan hemofili hastalarında kronik ağrı
Authors: ZEYDANOĞLU Ali , ÇAĞIRAN Zeynep , SERTÖZ Nezih , KARAMAN Semra , DERBENT Abdürrahim
Published: March 2022

Amaç: Tekrarlayan eklem içi kanamalarıyla seyreden hemofilik artropati, erişkin hemofili hastalarında yaşam kalitesini belirleyen en önemli etkenlerken biridir. Bu artropatinin uzun dönemli etkileri sonucu operasyona alınanların, postoperatif dönemde karşılaştığı en önemli problem olan akut ağrı bazı durumlarda kronikleşmekte ve hastalarda uzun süren yakınmalara neden olmaktadır. Bu çalışmada diz artroplastisi uygulanmış hemofili hastalarında kronik ağrı gelişimini incelemeyi amaçladık. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Mart 2015 ile Aralık 2016 tarihleri arasında diz operasyonu geçiren hemofili hastaları retrospektif olarak incelendi. Postoperatif dönemde Ağrı Sorgulama Formu, Kısa Ağrı Envanteri ve Pain Detect Anketi kullanılarak kronik ağrının varlığı ve özellikleri, ağrının günlük yaşama etkisi ve hastaların analjezik kullanımı değerlendirildi.

Bulgular: Çalışmaya dâhil edilen 42 hastada kronik ağrı insidansının %95,2 olduğu saptandı. Kısa Ağrı Envanteri ve Pain Detect Ağrı anketinin sonuçlarına göre maksimum Numerik Rating Skala değerleri nöropatik karakterde ağrısı olanlarda istatiksel olarak daha yüksek bulundu. Nöropatik karakterde ağrısı olanların olmayan gruba kıyasla istatiksel olarak daha genç yaşta olduğu görüldü. Sonuç: Hemofili hastalarında kronik ağrı insidansı oldukça yüksek düzeydedir. Bu hastaların ağrıya neden olabilecek altta yatan patolojileri, kanama riskleri, profilaksi tedavileri, ortopedik problemleri ve kronik ağrı gelişimine katkı sağlayan duygusal durumlarını da dikkate alan güncel ve kapsamlı yeni tanı yöntemleri kullanılmalı, tedavileri multidisipliner yaklaşımla uzmanlaşmış bir ekip tarafından gerçekleştirilmelidir.
EVALUATION OF ABCB1-PROTEIN INHIBITION PROSPECTIVENESS IN HEMATOENCEPHALIC BARRIER AS METHOD FOR INCREASING EFFICIENCY OF PHARMACOTHERAPY IN CEREBRAL ISCHEMIA
Authors: Chernykh I. V. , Shchulkin A. V. , Gatsanoga M. V. , Yakusheva E. N.
Published: March 2022

The aim of the article is to evaluate the ABCB1 protein inhibition in the blood-brain barrier to increase the effectiveness of neuroprotective therapy for focal and global cerebral ischemia.

Materials and methods. The work was performed on 103 male Wistar rats. In the 1st group (n=33), the neuroprotective activity of the ABCB1 protein substrate, nimodipine (0.4 mg/kg), was analyzed in terms of reducing the area of the brain necrosis after a 1-hour occlusion of the middle cerebral artery with a 24-hour reperfusion (focal ischemia). In the 2nd group (n=60), the effectiveness of nimodipine was analyzed by reducing the lethality of rats and the neurological deficit (ND) level against the background of the bilateral occlusion of the common carotid arteries (global ischemia). In both groups, nimodipine was used alone or in the combination with omeprazole, the ABCB1 protein inhibitor (17.6 mg/kg). The drugs were administered intravenously.

Results. The nimodipine administration to the 1st group led to the reduction of the necrosis focus by 28% compared with the control series. Omeprazole did not cause a change in the area of the necrosis. The combination of drugs caused a decrease in the area of the necrosis in relation to the control by 29%; there were no differences in comparison with the nimodipine series. Nimodipine reduced the rats’ lethality in the 2nd group against the background of the pathology (a tendency). Omeprazole alone did not change the mortality. The drug combination reduced the mortality compared to the control and nimodipine series. The administration of omeprazole alone did not reduce the neurological deficit score relative to the control. In the nimodipine series, ND was 88% lower than the control, after 24 hours. With the administration of the drugs combination, this indicator decreased in relation to the control by 88%, 80%, 88%, 87% and 86% after 4, 12, 24, 48 and 72 hours, respectively, and in relation to the nimodipine series it decreased by 60% and 67% after 4 and 48 hours.

Conclusion. The ABCB1 protein inhibition is promising for increasing the effectiveness of neuroprotective therapy for global ischemia, but not for focal cerebral ischemia.
EFFECTIVENESS AND SAFETY OF FAVIPIRAVIR INFUSION IN PATIENTS HOSPITALIZED WITH COVID-19
Authors: Balykova L. A. , Zaslavskaya K. Ya. , Pavelkina V. F. , Pyataev N. A. , Selezneva N. M. , Kirichenko N. V. , Ivanova A. Yu. , Rodoman G. V. , Kolontarev K. B. , Skrupsky K. S. , Simakina E. N. , Mubarakshina O. A. , Taganov A. V. , Pushkar D. Yu.
Published: March 2022

Research in the development of new therapeutic agents with a wide spectrum of the antiviral activity and a low ability to develop resistance remains the main dimension in combating the global threat to public health. The need for a parenteral form of favipiravir was dictated by the necessity to increase the efficacy of therapy in COVID-19 inpatients. This dosage form has expanded the possibilities of drug therapy in the inpatients, for whom a therapeutic effect acceleration and a high safety profile of the drugs used are especially important.

The aim of the article is the evaluation of the efficacy and safety of a medicinal product containing favipiravir for the parenteral administration against the background of pathogenetic and symptomatic therapy, in comparison with standard therapy in hospitalized COVID-19 patients.

Materials and methods. An open, randomized, multicenter comparative study was conducted in 6 research centers in the Russian Federation to evaluate the efficacy and safety of favipiravir, a lyophilisate for the preparation of a concentrate for the infusion solution administrated to the patients hospitalized with COVID-19. Screening procedures and randomization were completed in 217 patients, 209 of which had completed the study in accordance with the protocol.

Results. Between the study groups, statistically significant differences have been found out, making it possible to consider the hypothesis of the drug Areplivir (favipiravir) superiority for the parenteral administration over the standard therapy, which included favipiravir (p. o.) and remdesivir. A comparative analysis has shown that a course of therapy with the parenteral favipiravir drug leads to a significant improvement in the condition of patients with COVID-19, significant benefits in terms of the speed and frequency of improvement in the clinical status of patients, as well as a reduction in the hospital stay length. It has been proven that therapy with a drug containing favipiravir for the parenteral administration does not adversely affect the parameters of clinical and biochemical blood tests, urinalysis, coagulograms, vital signs and ECG, which indicates the therapy safety. The study drug is characterized by a high safety profile and tolerability.

Conclusion. The versatility and resistance to mutations of RNA-dependent RNA polymerase make it possible to consider it as the main target for combating the most common RNA viruses that cause ARVI, that determines the need  further studies of favipiravir to expand the range of its indications.
PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF EXTRACTS FROM PLANTS OF COSMOS BIPINNATUS CAV. SPECIES
Authors: Kulichenko E. O. , Andreeva O. A. , Sergeeva E. O. , Sigareva S. S. , Terekhov A. Yu. , Oganesyan E. T. , Sidorskaya S. Yu.
Published: March 2022

The aim of the study is to determine antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and hypolipidemic activities of the extracts from Cosmos bipinnatus Cav. three varieties, obtained by the extraction with 70% ethyl alcohol.

Materials and methods. The antioxidant effect was studied in vitro using a model of iron-induced lipid peroxidation in the lecithin liposome system. The study of the anti-inflammatory activity was carried out on 30 male rats of the “Wistar” line. Diclofenac was used as a reference drug (p. o., the dose of 13 mg/kg in terms of the weight of an adult). The substances were administered to animals in the form of an aqueous suspension stabilized with Tween-80. To simulate the inflammatory process, a model of “cotton granuloma” was created. A hypolipidemic activity of the extracts was studied on 36 white male rats of the “Wistar” line. To study the hypolipidemic activity of the studied extracts, a tween model was used to create a hyperlipidemic state in rats, the concentrations of total cholesterol and triglycerides was determined in the serum of the experimental animals.

Results. The conducted model experiments made it possible to conclude that the alcohol extracts obtained from the dried inflorescences of the “Dazzler”, “Rosea” and “Purity” varieties of Cosmos bipinnatus Cav. have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and hypolipidemic kinds of activities. It has been established that the extracts from the “Dazzler” and “Rosea” varieties (Cosmos bipinnatus Cav.) contribute to a better reduction in the accumulation of peroxide compounds, compared to the extract obtained from the “Purity” variety. The data analysis on the anti-inflammatory activity shows that all the studied objects significantly (p = 0.05) reduce the stage of exudation compared with the control group animals by 50% (the «Purity» variety), by 52% (the «Rosea» variety) and by 40% (the “Dazzler” variety).

An experiment on the study of a hypolipidemic activity in the control group of the animals revealed a significant, in relation to the values of the intact group, increase in the cholesterol level of the blood serum by 78%, and in the level of triglycerides (TGCs) – by 64%.

The administration of the extracts obtained from Cosmos bipinnatus Cav. “Purity”, “Rosea”, “Dazzler” varieties to the animals, led to a decrease in cholesterol in blood serum by 44%, 47%, 50%, and triglycerides by 52%, 52% and 57%, respectively. Both indicators reached the normal level and did not differ significantly from the values in healthy (intact) animals.

Conclusion. According to the conducted studies, it can be concluded that alcohol extracts obtained from Cоsmos bipinnatus Cav., have pronounced antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and hypolipidemic kinds of effect.
Coated Blade Spray-Mass Spectrometry as a New Approach for the Rapid Characterization of Brain Tumors
Authors: Bogusiewicz Joanna , Gaca-Tabaszewska Magdalena , Olszówka Dominik , Jaroch Karol , Furtak Jacek , Harat Marek , Pawliszyn Janusz , Bojko Barbara
Published: March 2022

Brain tumors are neoplasms with one of the highest mortality rates. Therefore, the availability of methods that allow the quick and effective diagnosis of brain tumors and selection of appropriate treatments is of critical importance for patient outcomes. In this study, coated blade spray-mass spectrometry (CBS-MS), which combines the features of microextraction and fast ionization methods, is applied for the analysis of brain tumors. In this approach, a sword-shaped probe is coated with a sorptive material to enable the extraction of analytes from biological samples. The analytes are then desorbed using only a few microliters of solvent, followed by the insertion of the CBS device into the interface on the mass spectrometer source. The results of this proof-of-concept experiment confirmed that CBS coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) enables the rapid differentiation of two histologically different lesions: meningiomas and gliomas. Moreover, quantitative CBS-HRMS/MS analysis of carnitine, the endogenous compound, previously identified as discriminating metabolite showed good reproducibility with the variation below 10% when using a standard addition calibration strategy and deuterated internal standards for correction. The resultant data show that the proposed CBS-MS technique can be useful for on-site qualitative and quantitative assessments of brain tumor metabolite profiles.
A Photolysis-assist Molecular Communication for Tumour
Bio-sensing
Authors: Sun Yue , Bian Huafeng , Chen Yifan
Published: March 2022

Molecular communication (MC) is a promising bio-inspired paradigm for exchanging molecule information among nanomachines. This paper proposes a synchronisation-assist photolysis MC system that aims to transmit the bio-sensing signal of the tumour microenvironment, facilitated by mitigating redundant molecules for improved bit error rate (BER) performance. Benefits from bio-compatible MC, biosensors could transmit bio-sensing signals of the tumour in $vivo$ instead of converting them to electrical signals. Due to diffusion motion's slow and stochastic nature, inter-symbol interference (ISI), resulting from previous symbols' residual information molecules, inevitably occurs in diffusion-based MC. ISI is one of the challenges in diffusion-based MC, which significantly impacts signal detection. Inspired by on-off keying (OOK) modulation, the proposed modulation implements a switch of molecules and light alternatively. The light emitted is triggered by a synchronisation signal, and the photolysis reactions could reduce the redundant molecules. An expression for the relevant channel impulse response (CIR) is derived from a hybrid channel model of diffusion and photolysis-reaction. This paper implements the maximum posterior estimation scheme to find the optimal decision threshold and analysis the BER performance in terms of different time intervals of the system. Numerical simulations demonstrate that the proposed method can improve the channel capacity and BER performance. We believe that our work may pave the way for MC application in bio-sensing.
A Study on Occupational Therapy for Adults and Older Adults in Korea Using Big Data: A Systematic Review
Authors: Nam Sanghun , Bae Suyeong , Hong Ickpyo
Published: March 2022

Objectives: This study systematically reviewed the literatures related to domestic occupational therapy and big data and suggested the need for changes in occupational therapy and big data research for adults and the older adults.Methods: From January 2010 to December 2020, Google Scholar, Korean Studies Information Service System, and Research Information Sharing Service were utilized to search for literatures related to occupational therapy and big data in South Korea.Results: Of the 954 searched literatures, 17 literatures were selected. Most of the literatures were the evidence level II (n = 7, 41.2%), 7 (41.2%) literatures conducted with older adults, and 3 literatures (17.6%) utilized the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey as a big data source. Finally, in the literature, the research was conducted by selecting variables suitable for the subject from various panel surveys.Conclusions: In south Korea, panel surveys for each topic are being created and various variables are being collected. As a result, research in occupational therapy for adults and the elderly using big data became possible, making it possible to conduct various studies.
Effects of Self-esteem and Stress Coping Styles on Resilience in Nursing Students according to the MBTI Personality Types
Authors: Park Jeong Mi
Published: March 2022

Objectives: This study aimed to identify the effects of self-esteem and stress coping styles on resilience in nursing students according to the Myers– Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI).Methods: A descriptive study was conducted. Data were collected from 205 nursing senior students and analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Scheffé test, Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis.Results: In terms of self-esteem, social support-seeking stress coping style, and resilience, extroversion was significantly higher than introversion in MBTI preference. Among all factors, selfesteem had the greatest effect on resilience (r = 0.53), followed by the emotion-focused coping style (r = -0.31) and the problem-focused coping style (r = 0.23), with an explanation power of 57.1%.Conclusions: The results of this study indicate that self-esteem is an essential factor affecting resilience. Thus, nursing intervention programs for improvement of resilience in nursing students should be considered by the degree of self-esteem based on the MBTI personality preference.
A Study on A Demand Forecasting and Characterization of Diffusion Process for Advanced Diagnostic Imaging Equipment
Authors: Kim Su-Beom , Kim Taegu , Lim Daroh
Published: March 2022

Objectives: In this study, we explore the demand forecasting of Advanced Diagnostic imaging Equipment.Methods: The analysis was based on logistic diffusion model. We analyze the specific pattern of each equipment’s diffusion curve by interpreting the parameter estimates of logistic diffusion model.Results: Our findings are follows. First, Computed tomography is in the stage of saturation and so, the future demands of that is not too large. Second, Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is expected that it will take about 5 years to reach saturation, and further growth is expected to continue. Third, Positron emission tomography (PET) has been shown to be saturated, and therefore, it is not expected that there will be a rapid increase in demand in the future. However, since demand data has been declining since 2000, it is said that additional data collection is required to reliably predict future demand.Conclusions: As a result of analyzing the demand for three major advanced diagnostic imaging equipment, it was found that the domestic market is generally in saturation. Therefore, a future research task will be to predict and analyze the demand for advanced diagnostic imaging equipment in consideration of the government’s policy changes.
A Physics-Based Proxy for Surface and Subsurface Coupled Simulation Models
Authors: Yang Changdong , He Jincong , Onishi Tsubasa , Du Song , Wang Zhenzhen , Guan Xiaoyue , Chen Jianping , Wen Xian-huan
Published: March 2022

Full-physics subsurface simulation models coupled with the surface network can be computationally expensive. In this paper, we propose a physics-based subsurface model proxy that significantly reduces the run time of the coupled model to enable rapid decision-making for reservoir management.

In the coupled model, the subsurface reservoir simulator generates well inflow performance relationship (IPR) curves that are used by the surface network model to determine well rates that satisfy surface constraints. In the proposed proxy model, the computationally intensive reservoir simulation is replaced with an IPR database constructed from a data pool of one or multiple simulation runs. The IPR database captures well performance that represents subsurface reservoir dynamics. The proxy model can then be used to predict the production performance of new scenarios—for example, new drilling sequence—by intelligently looking up the appropriate IPR curves for oil, gas, and water phases for each well and solving it with the surface network. All necessary operational events in the surface network and field management (FM) logic (such as facility constraints, well conditional shut-in, and group guide rate balancing) for the fully coupled model can be implemented and honored.

In the proposed proxy model, the reservoir simulation component is eliminated for efficiency. The entirety of the surface network model is retained, which offers certain advantages. It is particularly suitable for investigating the impact of different surface operations, such as maintenance schedule and production routing changes, with the aim of minimizing production capacity offline because of maintenance. Replacing the computationally intensive subsurface simulation with the appropriate IPR significantly reduces the run time of the coupled model while preserving the essential physics of the reservoir. The accuracy depends on the difference between the scenarios that the proxy is trained on and the scenarios being evaluated. Initial testing with a complex reservoir with more than 300 wells showed the accuracy of the proxy model to be more than 95%. The computation speedup could be an order of magnitude, depending largely on the complexity of the surface network model.

Prior work exists in the literature that uses decline curves to replicate the subsurface model performance. The use of the multiphase IPR database and the intelligent lookup mechanism in the proposed method allows it to be more accurate and flexible in handling complexities such as multiphase flow and interference in the surface network.