bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MetAAA trial patients show superior quality of life compared to patients under regular surveillance for small AAA: a single-center retrospective cohort study
Authors: Klopf Johannes , Willixhofer Robin , Scheuba Andreas , Fuchs Lukas , Sotir Anna , Wanhainen Anders , Brostjan Christine , Neumayer Christoph , Eilenberg Wolf
Published: March 2023

Background:

Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a multifactorial vascular disease associated with high morbidity and mortality. Currently, surgical intervention is the only treatment option, and there is no drug therapy available for AAA. Hence, surveillance of AAA until indication for surgery may impact patient quality of life (QoL). There is a paucity of high-quality observational data on health status and QoL, particularly among AAA patients participating in randomized controlled trials. The objective of this study was to compare the QoL scores of AAA patients on surveillance to those of AAA patients enrolled in the MetAAA trial.

Material and methods:

Overall, 54 MetAAA trial patients and 23 AAA patients under regular surveillance for small AAA (part of a longitudinal monitoring study) were asked to complete three established and validated (in total 561 longitudinally collected) QoL questionnaires: the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36), the Aneurysm Symptom Rating Questionnaire (ASRQ), and the Aneurysm-Dependent Quality of Life questionnaire (ADQoL).

Results:

A superior health status and QoL was found in AAA patients participating in the MetAAA trial compared to AAA patients under regular surveillance. In detail, MetAAA trial patients showed superior general health perception (P=0.012), higher energy level (P=0.036) as well as enhanced emotional well-being (P=0.044) and fewer limitations due to general malaise (P=0.021), which was subsequently reflected in an overall superior current QoL score (P=0.039) compared to AAA patients under regular surveillance.

Conclusion:

AAA patients enrolled in the MetAAA trial showed superior health status and QoL compared to AAA patients under regular surveillance.
Can adjuvant radiotherapy be omitted for oral cavity cancer patients who received neoadjuvant therapy and surgery? A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Ju Wutong , Zhang Yiyi , Liu Ying , Sun Jingjing , Li Jiang , Dong Minjun , Sun Qi , Shi Wentao , Zhao Tongchao , Zhou Zhihang , Huang Yingying , Zhou Xinyu , Zhu Dongwang , Dou Shengjin , Zhang Zhiyuan , He Yue , Zhang Chenping , Xia Ronghui , Zhu Guopei , Zhong Laiping
Published: March 2023

Background:

Surgery and postoperative adjuvant therapy comprise the standard treatment for locally advanced resectable oral squamous cell carcinoma (LAROSCC), while preoperative neoadjuvant therapy is being explored without sufficient confirmation of improved survival. De-escalation regimens after neoadjuvant therapy, such as those omitting adjuvant radiotherapy, may provide comparable or better outcomes, suggesting rigorous assessment of adjuvant therapy outcomes is needed in LAROSCC patients. The authors thus performed this retrospective study in LAROSCC patients who received neoadjuvant therapy and surgery, to compare the outcomes for overall survival (OS) and locoregional recurrence-free survival (LRFS) between the adjuvant radiotherapy (radio) and nonradiotherapy (nonradio) cohorts.

Materials and methods:

Patients diagnosed with LAROSCC who received neoadjuvant therapy and surgery were enrolled and divided into radio and nonradio cohorts to determine whether adjuvant radiotherapy could be omitted after neoadjuvant therapy and surgery.

Results:

From 2008 to 2021, 192 patients were enrolled. No significant differences were found in OS or LRFS between the radio and nonradio patient cohorts. The 10-year estimated OS rates were 58.9 versus 44.1% in radio versus nonradio cohorts, while 10-year estimated LRFS rates were 55.4 versus 48.2%, respectively. For clinical stage III patients, 10-year OS rates were 62.3 versus 62.6% (radio vs. nonradio), and estimated 10-year LRFS rates were 56.5 versus 60.7% (radio vs. nonradio). Multivariate Cox regression modeling of postoperative variables showed pathologic response of primary tumor and pathologic regional lymph nodes staging were associated with survival, while the adjuvant radiotherapy exposure was not included in the model due to nonsignificance.

Conclusion:

These findings support further prospective evaluation of adjuvant radiotherapy omission, and suggest that de-escalation trials are warranted for LAROSCC surgery patients who received neoadjuvant therapy.
Prospective Phenotyping of Right Ventricle Function Following Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump Counterpulsation in Left Ventricular Assist Device Candidates: Outcomes and Predictors of Response
Authors: Bonios Michael J. , Armenis Iakovos , Kogerakis Nektarios , Thodou Aspasia , Fragoulis Socrates , Georgiadou Panagiota , Leontiadis Evangelos , Chamogeorgakis Themistocles , Drakos Stavros G. , Adamopoulos Stamatis
Published: March 2023

Intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) may be applied to optimize advanced heart failure (AHF) patients and improve right ventricular (RV) function before left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation. We aimed to evaluate the outcome of this intervention and define RV response predictors. Decompensated AHF patients, not eligible for LVAD because of poor RV function, who required IABP for stabilization were enrolled. Echocardiography and invasive hemodynamics were serially applied to determine fulfillment of prespecified “LVAD eligibility RV function” criteria (right atrium pressure [RA] <12 mm Hg, pulmonary artery pulsatility index [PAPi] >2.00, RA/pulmonary capillary wedge pressure [PCWP] <0.67, RV strain <−14.0%). Right ventricular–free wall tissue was harvested to assess interstitial fibrosis. Eighteen patients (12 male), aged 38 ± 14 years were supported with IABP for 55 ± 51 (3–180) days. In 11 (61.1%), RV improved and fulfilled the prespecified criteria, while seven (38.9%) showed no substantial improvement. Histopathology revealed an inverse correlation between RV interstitial fibrosis and functional benefit following IABP: interstitial fibrosis correlated with post-IABP RA (r = 0.63, p = 0.037), RA/PCWP (r = 0.87, p = 0.001), PAPi (r = −0.83, p = 0.003). Conclusively, IABP improves RV function in certain AHF patients facilitating successful LVAD implantation. Right ventricular interstitial fibrosis quantification may be applied to predict response and guide preoperative patient selection and optimization.

http://links.lww.com/ASAIO/A995
Effects of different weight loss dietary interventions on body mass index and glucose and lipid metabolism in obese patients
Authors: Ma Yahui , Sun Lina , Mu Zhijing
Published: March 2023

To investigate the effects of different weight loss interventions on body mass index (BMI) and glucose and lipid metabolism in obese patients. Obese patients (n = 135) admitted to our hospital between December 2020 and August 2022 were divided into 3 groups, according to their diet patterns: calorie-restricted diet (CRD) group (n = 39), high-protein diet (HPD) group (n = 28), and 5 + 2 intermittent fasting (IF) group (n = 68). Body weight, body fat rate, BMI, hip circumference, and waist circumference were measured before and 60 days after implementation of the respective diet plan. Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting blood glucose (FBG), 2h postprandial blood glucose (2hPG), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein, and adverse events were evaluated. Following the dietary intervention, the weight (P = .005 for CRD, P < .001 for HPD, and P = .001 for IF), body fat rate (P = .027 for CRD, P = .002 for HPD, and P = .011 for IF group), BMI (P = .017 for CRD, P < .001 for HPD, and P = .002 for IF group), hip circumference (P < .001 for CRD, P = .013 for HPD, and P = .032 for IF group), waist circumference (P = .005 for CRD, P < .001 for HPD, and P = .028 for IF group), HbA1c (P = .014 for CRD, P = .002 for HPD, and P = .029 for IF group), FBG (P = .017 for CRD, P < .001 for HPD, and P = .033 for IF group), and 2hPG (P = .009 for CRD, P = .001 for HPD, and P = .012 for IF group), were significantly decreased. TG (P = .007 for CRD, P < .001 for HPD, and P = .018 for IF group), TC (P = .029 for CRD, P = .013 for HPD, and P = .041 for IF group), LDL-C (P = .033 for CRD, P = .021 for HPD, and P = .042 for IF group), and LDL-C (P = .011 for CRD, P < .001 for HPD, and P = .027 for IF group) improved significantly in the 3 groups, when compared to that before treatment. The HPD had the best effect on reducing blood lipids, followed by the CRD; the effect of IF was slightly lesser. Short-term HPD, CRD, and IF can reduce the weight and body fat of overweight/obese individuals and improve blood lipid and blood sugar levels. The effect of HPD on weight loss, body fat, and blood lipid levels was greater than that of CRD or IF.
Clinical efficacy of a novel method of fertility-preserving adenomyomectomy in infertile women with diffuse adenomyosis
Authors: Yoon Sang Ho , Lee Grace J. , Cho Hye Jung , Kwon Hayan , Yun Bo Seong , Lee Chae Hyeong , Park Hyun Soo , Roh Ju-Won
Published: March 2023

Beneficial and detrimental effect of surgical adenomyomectomy is still controversial in infertile women with severely diffuse adenomyosis. The primary objective of this study was to assess whether a novel method of fertility-preserving adenomyomectomy could improve pregnancy rates. The secondary objective was to evaluate whether it could improve dysmenorrhea and menorrhagia symptoms in infertile patients with severe adenomyosis. A prospective clinical trial was conducted between December 2007 and September 2016. Fifty women with infertility due to adenomyosis were enrolled in this study after clinical assessments by infertility experts. A novel method of fertility-preserving adenomyomectomy was performed on 45 of 50 patients. The procedure included T- or transverse H-incision of the uterine serosa followed by preparation of the serosal flap, excision of the adenomyotic tissue using argon laser under ultrasonographic monitoring, and a novel technique of suturing between the residual myometrium and serosal flap. After the adenomyomectomy, the changes in the amount of menstrual blood, relief of dysmenorrhea, pregnancy outcomes, clinical characteristics, and surgical features were recorded and analyzed. All patients obtained dysmenorrhea relief 6 months postoperatively (numeric rating scale [NRS]; 7.28 ± 2.30 vs 1.56 ± 1.30, P < .001). The amount of menstrual blood decreased significantly (140.44 ± 91.68 vs 66.33 ± 65.85 mL, P < .05). Of the 33 patients who attempted pregnancy postoperatively, 18 (54.5%) conceived either by natural means, in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET), or thawing embryo transfer. Miscarriage occurred in 8 patients, while 10 (30.3%) had viable pregnancies. This novel method of adenomyomectomy resulted in improved pregnancy rates, as well as relief of dysmenorrhea and menorrhagia. This operation is effective in preserving fertility potential in infertile women with diffuse adenomyosis
Detecting dengue fever in children using online Rasch analysis to develop algorithms for parents: An APP development and usability study
Authors: Hu Ting-Yun , Chow Julie Chi , Chien Tsair-Wei , Chou Willy
Published: March 2023

Background:

Dengue fever (DF) is a significant public health concern in Asia. However, detecting the disease using traditional dichotomous criteria (i.e., absent vs present) can be extremely difficult. Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and artificial neural networks (ANNs), due to their use of a large number of parameters for modeling, have shown the potential to improve prediction accuracy (ACC). To date, there has been no research conducted to understand item features and responses using online Rasch analysis. To verify the hypothesis that a combination of CNN, ANN, K-nearest-neighbor algorithm (KNN), and logistic regression (LR) can improve the ACC of DF prediction for children, further research is required.

Methods:

We extracted 19 feature variables related to DF symptoms from 177 pediatric patients, of whom 69 were diagnosed with DF. Using the RaschOnline technique for Rasch analysis, we examined 11 variables for their statistical significance in predicting the risk of DF. Based on 2 sets of data, 1 for training (80%) and the other for testing (20%), we calculated the prediction ACC by comparing the areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUCs) between DF + and DF− in both sets. In the training set, we compared 2 scenarios: the combined scheme and individual algorithms.

Results:

Our findings indicate that visual displays of DF data are easily interpreted using Rasch analysis; the k-nearest neighbors algorithm has a lower AUC (<0.50); LR has a relatively higher AUC (0.70); all 3 algorithms have an almost equal AUC (=0.68), which is smaller than the individual algorithms of Naive Bayes, LR in raw data, and Naive Bayes in normalized data; and we developed an app to assist parents in detecting DF in children during the dengue season.

Conclusion:

The development of an LR-based APP for the detection of DF in children has been completed. To help patients, family members, and clinicians differentiate DF from other febrile illnesses at an early stage, an 11-item model is proposed for developing the APP.
Central metabolites and peripheral parameters associated neuroinflammation in fibromyalgia patients: A preliminary study
Authors: Jung Ye-Ha , Kim Hyeonjin , Seo Seongho , Lee Dasom , Lee Jae-Yeon , Moon Jee Youn , Cheon Gi Jeong , Choi Soo-Hee , Kang Do-Hyung
Published: March 2023

To identify central metabolites and peripheral measures associated with neuroinflammation in fibromyalgia (FM), we scanned [11C]-(R)-PK11195 positron emission tomography and magnetic resonance spectroscopy in FM patients. We measured associations between neurometabolite levels measured by magnetic resonance spectroscopy and the extent of neuroinflammation inferred by the distribution volume ratios of [11C]-(R)-PK11195 positron emission tomography in 12 FM patients and 13 healthy controls. We also examined the associations between peripheral parameters, such as creatinine and C-reactive protein, and neuroinflammation. In FM patients, we found negative correlations between neuroinflammation and the creatine (Cr)/total creatine (tCr; Cr + phosphocreatine) ratios in the right (r = −0.708, P = .015) and left thalamus (r = −0.718, P = .008). In FM patients, negative correlations were apparent between neuroinflammation and the glutamate/tCr ratio in the right insula (r = −0.746, P = .005). In FM patients, we found negative correlations between neuroinflammation in the left thalamus (r = –0.601, P = .039) and left insula (r = −0.598, P = .040) and the blood creatinine levels. Additionally, we found significant correlations of other peripheral measures with neuroinflammation in FM patients. Our results suggest that both central metabolites, such as Cr and glutamate, and peripheral creatinine and other parameters are associated with neuroinflammation in patients with FM.
The efficacy and safety of cupping as complementary and alternative therapy for metabolic syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wu Li-Kung , Chen Yi-Chen , Hung Chung-Shan , Yen Chih-Yu , Chang Chien Chen-Ying , Ciou Jian-Ruei , Torng Hsiao-Hsiang , Chang Yi-Chin , Hua Shiuan , Lu Peng-Nien , Liu Yuan-Yuan , Lai Chun-Yu , Kung Yen-Lun , Huang Huei-Kai , Chen Zhong-Kui , Ho Tsung-Jung
Published: March 2023

Introduction:

This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of cupping therapy in patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS).

Methods:

This systematic review focused on patients with MetS and included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared the effects of cupping therapy with control groups. A total of 12 electronic databases were searched from inception until February 03, 2023. The main outcome after the meta-analysis was waist circumference; the others included anthropometric variables, blood pressure, lipid profile, fasting blood glucose level, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein level. The incidence of adverse events and the follow-up courses were also evaluated. Risk of bias (ROB) was evaluated using ROB 2.0 from the Cochrane Handbook.

Results:

This systematic review included five studies involving 489 patients. Some risks of bias were also identified. The meta-analysis revealed a statistically significance in waist circumference (MD = −6.07, 95% CI: −8.44 to −3.71, P < .001, I
2 = 61%, τ2
= 3.4), body weight (MD = −2.46, 95% CI: −4.25 to −0.68, P = .007, I
2 = 0%, τ2
= 0) and body mass index (MD = −1.26, 95% CI: −2.11 to −0.40, P = .004, I
2 = 0%, τ2
= 0) between the cupping therapy and control groups. However, there were no significant results in total fat percentage and blood pressure values. Regarding biochemical markers, cupping significantly lowered the concentration of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (MD = −3.98, 95% CI: −6.99 to −0.96, P = .010, I
2 = 0%, τ2
= 0) but had no significant effect on total cholesterol, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, fasting blood glucose, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein. 3 RCTs reported no adverse events.

Conclusions:

Despite some ROB and low to substantial heterogeneity of the included studies, cupping therapy can be considered a safe and effective complementary intervention for reducing waist circumference, body weight, body mass index, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in patients with MetS. In the future, well-designed, high-quality, rigorous methodology, and long-term RCTs in this population are required to assess the efficacy and safety of cupping therapy.
Incidence and characteristics of early elevation of cardiac troponin I after intrathoracic surgery: A single-center retrospective observational study
Authors: Nandate Hideyuki , Takasaki Yasushi , Nakata Yukihiro , Hamada Taisuke , Konishi Amane , Abe Naoki , Kitamura Sakiko , Nishihara Tasuku , Yorozuya Toshihiro
Published: March 2023

The early elevation of cardiac troponins within 24 hours after noncardiac surgery is reportedly associated with increased postoperative morbidities. Several predisposing factors, including the frequent occurrence of hypoxia and increased pulmonary arterial pressure, may likely contribute to this elevation, especially after intrathoracic surgery. Therefore, this retrospective study aimed to elucidate the incidence and characteristics of the early elevation of cardiac troponin I after intrathoracic surgery. This study included 320 patients who underwent intrathoracic surgery between January 1, 2018, and June 30, 2021. Specific perioperative variables were retrospectively collected from their electrical clinical records. The serum concentration of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I (hs cTnI) was measured twice immediately after the intensive care unit arrival and on the following day. We grouped these patients into two: the early elevation of hs cTnI (EECT) group (hs cTnI value > 26.2 ng/L by at least 1 measurement) and the non-early elevation (non-EECT) group. Patient characteristics were then compared between these groups. The hs cTnI level elevated within 24 hours postoperatively in 103 patients (32.2%). In univariate analysis, intraoperative variables, including the duration of unilateral ventilation (199.2 minutes, P = .0025) and surgery (210.6 minutes, P = .0012), estimated blood loss volume (406.7 mL, P = .0022), percentage of stored red blood cell (RBC) transfusion (10.7%, P = .0059), and percentage of lobectomy or combination of other lung resection types (88.3%, P = .00188), were significantly higher in the EECT group than in the non-EECT group. In the log-rank test, prolonged hospitalization was more prevalent in the EECT group (P = .0485). Furthermore, multivariate analysis revealed 3 independent risk factors for the early elevation of hs cTnI: coexisting chronic renal failure (odds ratio [OR], 3.25), lobectomy or combined resections (OR, 2.65), and stored RBC transfusion (OR, 3.41). The early elevation of hs cTnI commonly occurs after intrathoracic surgery, with an incidence of 32.2%. Its 3 independent risk factors are coexisting chronic renal failure, lung resection type, and stored RBC transfusion.
Long-term maintenance treatment of recurrent ureteropelvic junction obstruction with covered metallic ureteral stent
Authors: Tang Xinwei , Wang Mingrui , Hu Haopu , Lai Chin-Hui , Wang Qi , Xu Kexin , Xu Tao , Hu Hao
Published: March 2023

Whether or not the covered metallic ureteral stent can be used as maintenance treatment for recurrent ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO) after pyeloplasty is unknown. Therefore, this study aims to analyze its feasibility. We retrospectively analyzed the records of 20 patients with recurrent UPJO who were treated with the covered metallic ureteral stents from March 2019 to June 2021 at our institution. Then, we assessed their renal function, stent patency and stent-related quality of life by the blood creatinine, renal ultrasound (or computed tomography), and the Chinese version of the ureteral symptom score questionnaire (USSQ). The last follow-up mean blood creatinine dropped from 0.98 ± 0.22 to 0.91 ± 0.21 mg/dL (P = .04), and the median renal pelvic width was reduced from 3.25 (3.10) to 2.00 (1.67) cm (P = .03) compared with the preoperative conditions. Meanwhile, the last follow-up mean USSQ total score of the covered metallic ureteral stent among the 16 patients with preoperative indwelling double-J ureteral stent was 78.56 ± 14.75, significantly lower than the preoperative USSQ total score, which was 102.25 ± 5.57 (P < .001). During the median duration of follow-up of 27.00 (18.00) months, 85% (17/20) of patients maintained unobstructed drainage from the renal pelvis to the ureter. Stent-related complications occurred in 7 patients, 3 of which failed because of complications, including stent migration (1 patient), stent encrustation (1 patient), and stent-related infection (1 patient). The covered metallic ureteral stent is feasible for the long-term maintenance treatment of recurrent UPJO after pyeloplasty.
Recombinant human thrombopoietin promotes platelet recovery in DCAG-treated patients with intermediate-high-risk MDS/hypoproliferative AML
Authors: Chen Xiangli , Wang Yacai , Zang Yuzhu , Wei Zhenghong , Zhang Wenhui , Wei Xiuli , Luo Guangli , Chen Li , Zhang Yin , Xu Zhiwei
Published: March 2023

Background:

This study aimed to explore the effects of recombinant human thrombopoietin (rhTPO) on platelet recovery in decitabine, cytarabine, aclarubicin, and G-CSF (DCAG)-treated patients with intermediate-high-risk myelodysplastic syndrome/hypo proliferative acute myeloid leukemia.

Methods:

Recruited patients were at a ratio of 1:1 into 2 groups: the rhTPO group (DCAG + rhTPO) and control group (DCAG). The primary endpoint was the time for platelets to recover to ≥ 20 × 109/L. The secondary endpoints were the time for platelets to recover to ≥ 30 × 109/L and ≥ 50 × 109/L, overall survival (OS), and progression-free survival (PFS).

Results:

The time required for platelet recovery to ≥ 20 × 109/L, ≥30 × 109/L, and ≥ 50 × 109/L in the rhTPO group was significantly shorter (6.5 ± 2.2 vs 8.4 ± 3.1 days, 9.0 ± 2.7 vs 12.2 ± 3.9 days, 12.4 ± 4.7 vs 15.5 ± 9.3 days, respectively; all P < .05 vs controls). The amount of platelet transfusion in the rhTPO group was smaller (4.4 ± 3.1 vs 6.1 ± 4.0 U, P = .047 vs controls). The bleeding score was lower (P = .045 vs controls). The OS and PFS were significantly different (P = .009 and P = .004). The multivariable analysis showed that age, karyotype, and time for PLT recovery to ≥ 20 × 109/L were independently associated with OS. Adverse events were similar.

Conclusions:

This study suggests that rhTPO leads to a faster platelet recovery after DCAG treatment, reduces the risk of bleeding, reduces the number of platelet transfusions, and prolongs the OS and PFS.
Determining the mechanism of action of the Qishan formula against lung adenocarcinoma by integration of network pharmacology, molecular docking, and proteomics
Authors: Geng Xue , Chi Wencheng , Lin Xiaoyue , Niu Zeji , Jiang Qinghui , Sui Yutong , Jiang Jiakang
Published: March 2023

Background:

Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the main pathological type of lung cancer. Qishan formula (QSF) is reportedly efficacious against LUAD. However, its mechanisms of action currently remain elusive. Therefore, network pharmacology, molecular docking techniques and proteomics were used to verify the potential pharmacological effects of QSF in the treatment of LUAD.

Methods:

The active ingredients and potential targets of QSF were obtained from the TCMSP, chemical source network and construct a drug-component-target networks using Cytoscape v3.7.2. Data for disease targets were obtained from 5 databases: TCGA, OMIM, DrugBank, DisGeNET, and GeneCards. Drug disease cross targets were used to construct protein-protein interaction networks for selecting the core targets using the STRING database and enrichment pathway networks using the DAVID database. Finally, TMT quantitative proteomics was used to identify the possible core targets and action pathways. Molecular docking to verify the affinity between components and targets.

Results:

Network pharmacology identified core components of QSF against LUAD included baicalein, methylophiopogonone B, quercetin, kaempferol, isorhamnetin, and luteolin, which can act on 10 key targets (SRC, TP53, PIK3R1, MAPK3, STAT3, MAKP1, HSP90AA1, PIK3CA, HRAS, and AKT1). QSF might play a therapeutic role in LUAD by regulating biological processes such as signal transduction, protein phosphorylation, cell proliferation, and apoptosis, as well as the PI3K/AKT, MAPK, FoxO, and other signaling pathways. Proteomics identified 207 differentially expressed proteins, and by integrating with network pharmacology and molecular docking results we found that 6 core components of QSF may target TP53 against LUAD through the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.

Conclusion:

QSF is a multitarget recipe potentially exerting pleiotropic effects in LUAD.
Th2/Th1 cytokine imbalance is associated with higher recurrent intussusception incidence in children: A 10-year retrospective study of 1657 patients
Authors: Li Yang , Li Yaxuan , Liu Weidong , Wang Baorui , Wang Ping , Qi Yanwei
Published: March 2023

Recurrent intussusception is one of the common acute abdominal diseases in infants, which seriously affects the physical and mental health of infants, but its risk factors have not been fully clarified. The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between Th2/Th1 cytokine imbalance and recurrent intussusception, so as to provide a theoretical basis for making a more comprehensive treatment strategy for patients with recurrent intussusception. A retrospective study was conducted between July 2012 and September 2022, enrolling patients with intussusception in Children’s Hospital of Hebei Province. The patients were divided into recurrent group and non-recurrent group according to whether they suffered from recurrent intussusception. We summarized the clinical characteristics of recurrent intussusception and explored the role of T helper 2 (Th2)/T helper 1 (Th1) cytokine imbalance in it. A total of 2008 patients were initially enrolled and finally 1657 patients qualified for the study. The results showed that the incidence of recurrent intussusception was 18.41% and the Th2/Th1 cytokine imbalance was closely related to the incidence of recurrent intussusception. Th2/Th1 cytokine imbalance is a potential risk factor of recurrent intussusception and more likely to occur in children between the ages of 2 and 3. Future studies are needed to preemptively target the Th2/Th1 cytokine imbalance to formulate a reasonable treatment plan for children with intussusception to avoid recurrence.
CT-based analysis of posterior tibial slope in a Turkish population sample: A retrospective observational study
Authors: Hassa Ercan , Uyanik Sadik Ahmet , Kosehan Dilek , Alic Taner
Published: March 2023

Posterior tibial slope (PTS) is important for the success of high tibial osteotomy and unicondylar knee arthroplasty applications, as it provides anterior cruciate ligament function. In the literature, different studies have been carried out with various imaging methods to measure PTS in populations of different ethnic origins. In this study, it was aimed to detect PTS in the medial (MPTS) and lateral (LPTS) tibial condyles with computed tomography in a Turkish population sample and to compare the results between age groups (<65, ≥ 65), genders, sides, and literature data. In our sample, 39 left and 33 right knee images of 37 men and 35 women with a mean age of 52.01 ± 21.27 were evaluated. The tibial proximal anatomical axis was determined by the midpoint method. The MPTS and LPTS was evaluated by two different observers according to this axis. Thereby the global PTS (GPTS) was calculated as an arithmetic mean of MPTS and LPTS values. Measurements were repeated 2 weeks after the first measurement and values were analyzed. A significant difference was found between the mean of MPTS, LPTS, and GPTS in the whole population (P = .002), in men (P = .02) and in women (P = .02). On the other hand, there was no significant difference compared according to age, gender, and side by mean of same parameters. In comparison of the results of our Turkish population sample with other studies in the literature, MPTS and LPTS were similar to Chinese (P = .22, P = .07) and Japanese (P = .96, P = .67) populations, while different to White Asian (P < .001, P < .001) and Korean (P < .001, P < .001) populations. The midpoint method is a safe measurement method in computed tomography-based studies for the evaluation of PTS. Implant designs produces for different populations may not be suitable for the Turkish population. More comprehensive and detailed studies are needed to represent the Turkish population
The Role of Shame in Schizophrenia Delusion
Authors: Borrelli Davide Fausto , Ottoni Rebecca , Maffei Simone , Marchesi Carlo , Tonna Matteo
Published: March 2023

Through a strictly dimensional approach, the present study aimed at evaluating the interplay between cognitive-perceptual disturbances and emotional dispositions, particularly shame proneness, in schizophrenia delusion. One hundred one outpatients with schizophrenia were administered the Peters et al. Delusions Inventory, the Referential Thinking Scale (REF), the Magical Ideation Scale (MIS), the Perceptual Aberration Scale (PAS), the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule and the Experiences of Shame Scale (ESS). The severity of delusional ideation was positively related to all the cognitive-perceptual scales (REF, MIS, and PAS) and to shame proneness (ESS). Referential thinking (REF) emerged as the strongest predictor of delusion severity. The experience of shame played a mediation role in the relationship between cognitive-perceptual traits and delusional severity. These data suggest that severity delusion in schizophrenia depends, at least in part, on a complex interplay between cognitive-perceptual disturbances and experiences of shame.
International Society of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation position statement on climate change and disability
Authors: Alexander Marcalee , Gosney Jim , O’Connell Colleen , Khan Fary , Lains Jorge
Published: March 2023

Climate change is the greatest public health threat of the 21st century. Moreover, people with the lived experience of disabilities, a population physiatrists commonly treat, are among the most vulnerable to acute disasters such as floods and wildfires and excessive heat. In this position statement, we recommend actions that physiatrists and rehabilitation professionals should take at micro, meso, and macro levels to assist in mitigation and adaptation to the effects of climate change on the world.
Climate change and disability: a physical medicine and rehabilitation (PM&R) perspective
Authors: Amatya Bhasker , Khan Fary
Published: March 2023

Climate change phenomena, such as droughts, floods, heat waves, hurricanes, and wildfires, have a deleterious effect on nature and the health of the people, especially on vulnerable population cohorts, such as persons with disabilities (PwD). PwD are disproportionately affected by the health effects of climate change and experience a greater burden due to various physiological, socio-economic and health-related factors. Rehabilitation professionals as trusted care providers/educators have an integral role in global efforts to educate, advocate and protect vulnerable people from the adverse impact of climate change. They are in a distinctive position as they are experts in understanding the complex medical, physiological and psychosocial needs of PwD. Although the impact of climate change on health is widely documented, the literature on the effect of climatic factors on PwD is sparse. Further, specific rehabilitation and disability-inclusive climate action plans are yet to be developed and/or implemented globally. As the climate-change-related health burdens continue to grow the critical importance of rehabilitation services is apparent. The challenge ahead is to build a structured people-centered approach to building rehabilitation-inclusive climate-resilient health systems to improve the adaptive capacity and resilience of the most susceptible people with distinct healthcare needs.
Studying of RNA-protein interactions between a mutant form of glycyl-tRNA synthetase associated with neurodegenerative diseases and IRES type I
Authors: Vinogradova E. S. , Mikhailina A. O. , Nikonov O. S. , Nikonova E. Yu.
Published: March 2023

Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (aaRS) are the main enzymes of protein biosynthesis. Human glycyl-tRNA synthetase, in addition to the main function of amino acid transfer to the corresponding tRNA molecules, is also involved in the initiation of IRES I translation. All members of the enterovirus genus have this type of IRES.

It is also known that the presence of point mutations in aaRS leads to the occurrence of diseases in which peripheral nerves are affected. One such disorder of the nervous system is the incurable neurodegenerative disorder Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT). The most studied enzyme whose mutations cause CMT is glycyl-tRNA synthetase (GlyRS).

In this work, we tested the ability of various mutant forms of glycyl-tRNA synthetase associated with Charcot-Marie-Tooth syndrome to form a stable complex with IRES I. It turned out that neither catalytic activity nor the ability to form a dimer are necessary for the interaction of GlyRS with IRES.
Ants integrate proprioception, visual context and efference copies to make robust predictions
Authors: Dauzere-Peres Océane , Wystrach Antoine
Published: March 2023

Feedforward models are mechanisms enabling an agent to predict the sensory outcomes of its actions. It can be implemented in the nervous system in the form of efference copies, which are copies of motor signals that are subtracted from the sensory stimulation actually detected, literally cancelling the perceptual outcome of the predicted action. In insects, efference copies are known to modulate optic flow detection for flight control in fruit flies. Much less is known, however, about possible feedforward control in other insects. Here we investigated whether feedforward control occurs in the detection of horizontal optic flow in walking ants, and how the latter is integrated to modulate their locomotion. We mountedCataglyphis veloxants within a virtual reality set-up, allowing us to manipulate the relationship between the ant’s movements and the optic flow it perceives. Results show that ants do compute a prediction error by making the difference between the expected optic flow according to their own movements and the one it perceived. Interestingly, this prediction does not control locomotion directly, but modulates the ant’s intrinsic oscillator, which produces continuous alternations between right and left turns. What’s more, we show that the prediction also involves proprioceptive feedback, and is additionally modulated by the visual structure of the surrounding panorama in a functional way. Finally, prediction errors stemming from both eyes are integrated before modulating the oscillator, providing redundancy and robustness to the system. Overall, our study reveals that ants compute robust predictions of the optic flow they should receive using a distributed mechanism integrating feedforwards, feedbacks as well as innate information about the structure of the world, that control their locomotion through oscillations.
Plasma Proteome Variation and its Genetic Determinants in Children and Adolescents
Authors: Niu Lili , Stinson Sara Elizabeth , Holm Louise Aas , Vonsild Lund Morten Asp , Fonvig Cilius Esmann , Cobuccio Leonardo , Meisner Jonas , Bæk Juel Helene , Thiele Maja , Krag Aleksander , Holm Jens-Christian , Rasmussen Simon , Hansen Torben , Mann Matthias
Published: March 2023

The levels of specific proteins in human blood are the most commonly used indicators of potential health-related problems1. Understanding the genetic and other determinants of the human plasma proteome can aid in biomarker research and drug development. Diverse factors including genetics, age, sex, body mass index (BMI), growth and development including puberty can affect the circulating levels of proteins2–5. Affinity-based proteomics can infer the relationship between blood protein levels and these factors at a large scale6–10. Compared to these methods, mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics provides much higher specificity of identification and quantification11–13, but existing studies are limited by small sample sizes or low numbers of quantified proteins14–17. Here we aim to elucidate to which extent genomic variation affects plasma protein levels across diverse age ranges and cohort characteristics. Employing a streamlined and highly quantitative MS-based plasma proteomics workflow, we measured the plasma proteome of 2,147 children and adolescents. Levels of 90% of these proteins were significantly associated with age, sex, BMI or genetics. More than 1,000 protein quantitative trait loci (pQTLs) – a third of which were novel – regulated protein levels between a few percent and up to 30-fold. These replicated excellently in an independent cohort of 558 adults, with highly concordant effect sizes (Pearson’s r > 0.97). We developed a framework to eliminate artefactual pQTLs due to protein-altering variants, paving the way for large-scale interrogation of pQTLs using MS-based proteomics. Our data reveal unexpectedly extensive genetic impacts on plasma protein levels, consistent from childhood into adulthood. These findings have implications for biomarker research and drug development.

Highlights

First large-scale proteome-wide and genome-wide association study in children and adolescents

MS-based proteomics achieves very high specificity and quantitative accuracy

Robust plasma protein trajectories during development predict age and body mass index

Largest set of pQTLs for plasma proteome by MS-based proteomics

pQTLs are highly replicable between children and adults

Large-scale pQTL identification enables generic drug target validation
Low-density preference of the ambient and high-pressure polymorphs of DL-menthol
Authors: Roszak Kinga , Katrusiak Andrzej
Published: March 2023

Lower-density polymorphs of DL-menthol were nucleated and crystallized in their high-pressure stability regions. Up to 0.30 GPa, the triclinic DL-menthol polymorph α, which is stable at atmospheric pressure, is less dense than a new β polymorph, which becomes stable above 0.40 GPa, but is less dense than the α polymorph at this pressure. The compression of polymorph α to at least 3.37 GPa is monotonic, with no signs of phase transitions. However, recrystallizations of DL-menthol above 0.40 GPa yield the β polymorph, which is less compressible and becomes less dense than α-DL-menthol. At 0.10 MPa, the melting point of the β polymorph is 14°C, much lower compared with those of α-DL-menthol (42–43°C) and L-menthol (36–38°C). The structures of both DL-menthol polymorphs α and β are very similar with respect to the lattice dimensions, the aggregation of OH...O molecules bonded into C
i symmetric chains, the presence of three symmetry-independent molecules (Z′ = 3), their sequence ABCC′B′A′, the disorder of the hydroxyl protons and the parallel arrangement of the chains. However, the different symmetries relating the chains constitute a high kinetic barrier for the solid–solid transition between polymorphs α and β, hence their crystallizations below or above 0.40 GPa, respectively, are required. In the structure of polymorph α, the directional OH...O bonds are shorter and the voids are larger compared with those in polymorph β, which leads to the reverse density relation of the polymorphs in their stability regions. This low-density preference reduces the Gibbs free-energy difference between the polymorphs: when polymorph α is compressed to above 0.40 GPa, the work component pΔV counteracts the transition to the less dense polymorph β, and on reducing the pressure of polymorph β to below 0.40 GPa, its transition to the less dense polymorph α is also hampered by the work contribution.
A qualitative approach to investigate stakeholders' engagement in construction projects
Authors: Ebekozien Andrew , Aigbavboa Clinton Ohis , Ramotshela Mantoa
Published: March 2023

Purpose

Stakeholder engagement in construction projects is an ingredient that contributes to project optimal performance. Many developing countries have a paucity of literature about stakeholders' engagement in construction projects. Therefore, the study investigated South Africa's shareholders' engagement in construction projects and recommended possible measures to mitigate potential limitations.

Design/methodology/approach

The researchers collated data from South African experts in stakeholder engagement via a phenomenology type of qualitative research design. They explored the “perceived hindrances” facing stakeholders' engagement in construction projects and proffer measures to mitigate them. The study analysed collected data via thematic analysis and achieved saturation. Three themes emerged from the analysed data.

Findings

Findings show that efficient stakeholder engagement will enhance team collaboration and integrated construction project delivery. Results identified the perceived limitations facing stakeholders' engagement in South Africa's construction projects and categorised them into individual perceived hindrances, organisational perceived hindrances and government-related perceived hindrances. Also, findings proffer measures to mitigate perceived hindrances via policies and programmes within the sector.

Practical implications

Besides enhancing policymakers and other stakeholders in South Africa's construction industry to understand the benefits of stakeholder engagement better, the study may stir up the construction sector's stakeholders to embrace enhanced and effective stakeholders' management.

Originality/value

This study contributes to construction project practice that involves stakeholders, as it reveals the underlying causes of perceived hindrances facing stakeholders' engagement in construction projects. Also, it proffers feasible solutions to mitigate these hindrances and enhance stakeholders' engagement within South Africa's construction projects.
A comparative study of the work–life balance experiences and coping mechanisms of Nigerian and British single student-working mothers
Authors: Mordi Tonbara , Adisa Toyin Ajibade , Adekoya Olatunji David , Sani Kareem Folohunso , Mordi Chima , Akhtar Muhammad Naseer
Published: March 2023

Purpose

Recent gender-related research has focused on how gender affects work–life balance (WLB), particularly whether men and women have similar difficulties balancing work and family demands. However, to broaden WLB research beyond its concentration on employees to a different population, this study investigates the WLB experiences of single student-working mothers.

Design/methodology/approach

This article uses a qualitative study using three focus groups to compare Nigerian and British single student-working mothers' WLB experiences and coping strategies or mechanisms adopted in these two contexts.

Findings

The findings indicate that, regardless of nationality, single student-working mothers are affected by inter-role conflict, role ambiguity, role strain, role overload and external role pressures, which make achieving WLB a herculean task. Nevertheless, given the different political, economic and socio-cultural landscapes of the two countries, the extent to which the aforementioned factors impact single student-working mothers varies and influences the range of coping mechanisms adopted in the two contexts.

Practical implications

The insights gleaned from this study suggest that there are huge challenges for single student-working mothers in terms of achieving WLB due to their status as students, workers and mothers. Combining these roles negatively affect their WLB and level of productivity and effectiveness, at home, at work and at university. This poses significant implications for human resource structures, policies and practices. The authors suggest that single student-mothers should learn from their counterparts' experiences and coping mechanisms, and that organisations and government should also provide adequate support to help them combine their challenging roles. This would ease the tension associated with combining multiple roles and enhance their well-being and WLB.

Originality/value

The study calls for a re-examination of WLB policies and practices at organisational and national levels to ensure that single student-working mothers are well supported to enhance their productivity and WLB.
Green Lean Six Sigma for sustainability improvement: a systematic review and future research agenda
Authors: Yadav Vishwas , Kaswan Mahender Singh , Gahlot Pardeep , Duhan Raj Kumar , Garza-Reyes Jose Arturo , Rathi Rajeev , Chaudhary Rekha , Yadav Gunjan
Published: March 2023

Purpose

The main purpose of this study is to explore different aspects of the Green Lean Six Sigma (GLSS) approach, application status and potential benefits from a comprehensive review of the literature and provide an avenue for future research work. This study also provides a conceptual framework for GLSS.

Design/methodology/approach

To do a systematic analysis of the literature, a systematic literature review methodology has been used in this research work. From the reputed databases, 140 articles were identified to explore hidden aspects of GLSS. Exploration of articles in different continents, year-wise, approach-wise and journal-wise was also done to find the execution status of GLSS.

Findings

This study depicts that GLSS implementation is increasing year by year, and it leads to considerable improvement in all dimensions of sustainability. Enablers, barriers, tools and potential benefits that foster the execution of GLSS in industrial organizations are also identified based on a systematic review of the literature.

Originality/value

The study’s uniqueness lies in that, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first of its kind that depicts the execution status of GLSS, and its different facets, explores different available frameworks and provides avenues for potential research in this area for potential researchers and practitioners.