bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A predictive model to assess the risk of developing hyperlipidemia in patients with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Ye Rujian , Huang Xitong , Yang Hehui , Pan Wei , Wang Ping , Men Janhao , Huang Dawei , Wu Shan
Published: February 2025

Background

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is increasingly recognized as a significant global health challenge, with a rising prevalence of hyperlipidemia among diabetic patients. Effectively predicting and reducing the risk of hyperlipidemia in T2D patients to mitigate their cardiovascular risk remains an urgent issue.

Objectives

The research sought to determine early clinical indicators that could predict the onset of hyperlipidemia in patients with T2D and to establish a predictive model that integrates clinical and laboratory indicators.

Methods

A cohort of T2D patients, excluding those with pre-existing hyperlipidemia or confounding factors, was analyzed. Clinical and laboratory data were used in a LASSO regression model to select key predictive variables. A nomogram was then constructed and evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis and calibration.

Results

Among 269 participants, PCSK9 levels were significantly elevated in T2D patients with hyperlipidemia and exhibited a positive correlation with several lipid markers. LASSO regression identified six predictors: BMI, TG, TC, LDL-C, HbA1c, and PCSK9. The nomogram model exhibited robust predictive performance (AUC, 0.89 (95% CI: 0.802–0.977)) and showed good calibration.

Conclusions

This method effectively predicts the risk of hyperlipidemia in patients with T2D and provides a valuable tool for early intervention. PCSK9, as a key predictor, highlights its potential role in the pathogenesis of diabetes with hyperlipidemia and offers new avenues for targeted therapy.
Research on the aesthetic sensitivity evaluation of tourism mascots based on semantic differential method
Authors: Wang Jing , Yao Wenting , Su Sheng , Zhang Jing , Wang Li
Published: February 2025

In order to better meet the emotional needs of consumers and enhance the design of mascots that integrate multicultural elements, this study uses sensory engineering theory to explore the correlation between emotional needs and aesthetic forms. Initially, tourism mascot forms were collected through market surveys, and then these forms were synthesized into test samples. At the same time, expert interviews were conducted to determine the adjective pairs that can accurately capture consumers’ emotional needs. Subsequently, tourists who came to Xi’an were invited to participate in a satisfaction survey. Using the semantic differential methods, representative adjective pairs were selected from five dimensions: market positioning, market trends, color decoration, stylistic features, and psychological perception as emotional evaluation criteria. Each tourism mascot was evaluated and rated according to these criteria. SPSS software was then used to conduct a one-way ANOVA on the evaluation scores to explore the relationship between the aesthetic evaluation of various mascots and consumers’ emotional needs. The experimental results show that the IP image of cultural and creative brands designed with Tang cultural elements is more contagious and avant-garde than the IP image of cultural and creative brands that incorporate Qin cultural elements. These designs can resonate more with young consumers. This study successfully establishes a mapping model that combines consumers’ aesthetic preferences with their emotional needs for tourism mascot design. This study provides valuable guidance for the design of Xi’an tourism mascots and effectively meets consumers’ emotional expectations.
Cost profiles of cancer patients at the end of life: Estimates from the EPICOST-study
Authors: Guzzinati Stefano , Andreotti Alessandra , Lopez Tania , Gori Silvia , Gagliani Alberto , Mallone Sandra , Pierannunzio Daniela , Tavilla Andrea , Buja Alessandra , Zorzi Manuel , Francisci Silvia
Published: February 2025

Objectives

The study aims to analyze care and cost patterns in the Veneto region for cancer patients in the final phase of their disease.

Methods

The study cohort includes adult patients alive on 1.1.2018, which have been diagnosed with cancer at the age 15+ in a 28-years period, spanning from 1990 to 2017, and died within 12 months from prevalence date. The end-of-life (EOL) prevalent cases included in the study cohort are identified by the Veneto Tumor Registry. Primary tumors considered in the analysis are colon, rectum, skin melanoma, female breast, thyroid. Patient monthly average EOL costs, patient annual average EOL costs and total regional costs have been estimated separately for each cancer site/sex/age group/health care service database.

Results

The estimated EOL total cost, for the five analyzed cancer types in the Veneto Region, is approximately 53 million euros. Costs associated with cancer treatment tend to increase in the final phase of the disease. In general, Hospital Admission is the main driver cost in all types of cancer considered, with the only exception in melanoma, where Hospital Drugs features the highest contribution. Moreover, costs differ significantly depending on the type of cancer, gender, and age, revealing highest average costs associated with younger patients.

Conclusions

This study provides a comprehensive analysis of healthcare budget distribution in the last year of life, enabling healthcare planners to predict cancer burden in the future. This model can be applied to other Italian regions and countries with different healthcare systems.
Optimal dose and duration of iron supplementation for treating iron deficiency anaemia in children and adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Rehman Tanveer , Agrawal Ritik , Ahamed Farhad , Das Saibal , Mitra Srijeeta , Kumar Dinesh , Sethy Chinmayee , Kanungo Srikanta , Bhattacharya Debdutta , Pati Sanghamitra
Published: February 2025

Introduction

Iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) accounts for nearly two-thirds of all anaemia cases globally. Despite the widespread use of iron supplementation, the optimal dose and duration for treating IDA remain unclear. In this study, we aimed to determine the most effective dose and duration of iron supplementation for improving haemoglobin (Hb) levels in children and adolescents (≤19 years) with IDA.

Methods

A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted. We searched MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Library for peer-reviewed studies published between 2013 and 2024. The interventions included iron supplementation with a defined dose and duration of at least 30 days. Comparators were placebo, no treatment, or alternative regimens. The outcome was the change in Hb levels. Eligible studies included IDA cases diagnosed through ferritin level measurements in healthy individuals. Studies involving pregnant women or children with underlying conditions were excluded. A meta-analysis was performed using standardized mean differences to pool effect sizes for Hb improvement with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Subgroup analyses were performed for different treatment durations (<3 months, 3–6 months, >6 months) and dosage categories (<5 mg/kg/day, 5–10 mg/kg/day, >10 mg/kg/day). A random-effects meta-regression model was used to determine the optimal dose and duration, accounting for known covariates affecting Hb improvement.

Results

A total of 28 studies with 8,829 participants from 16 countries were included. The pooled effect size for Hb improvement was 2.01 gm/dL (95% CI: 1.48–2.54, p < 0.001). Iron supplementation for less than 3 months showed the highest significant effect size (2.39 gm/dL, 95% CI: 0.72–4.07), followed by treatments exceeding 6 months (1.93 gm/dL, 95% CI: 0.09–3.77). The lowest effect size was observed in treatments lasting 3–6 months (1.58 gm/dL, 95% CI: 0.93–2.23). Low-dose iron supplementation (<5 mg/kg/day) demonstrated favourable trends in Hb improvement, particularly in individuals with lower baseline Hb levels. Oral ferrous sulphate had a significant effect (2.03 gm/dL, 95% CI: 1.24–2.82), while parenteral ferric Carboxymaltose showed consistent efficacy.

Conclusion

Low-dose iron supplementation (<5 mg/kg/day) combined with treatment durations of either less than 3 months or more than 6 months, is optimal for improving Hb levels in children and adolescents with IDA. Tailoring treatment based on baseline Hb levels and anaemia severity is essential. These findings provide evidence to support updated guidelines on iron supplementation in paediatric and adolescent populations and inform national anaemia management programmes.

Trial registration

Prospero registration number: This study was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42024541773).
Establishment of reverse genetics systems for Colorado tick fever virus
Authors: Minami Shohei , Nouda Ryotaro , Hirai Katsuhisa , Chen Zelin , Kotaki Tomohiro , Kanai Yuta , Kobayashi Takeshi
Published: February 2025

The Colorado tick fever virus (CTFV), which has 12-segmented double-stranded RNA genomes, is a pathogenic arbovirus that causes severe diseases in humans. However, little progress has been made in the analysis of replication mechanisms and pathogenicity. This virological constraint is due to the absence of a reverse genetics system for CTFV; therefore, we aimed to establish the system. Initially, the efficacy of CTFV replication was investigated in various cell lines. CTFV was found to grow in many cell types derived from different hosts and organs. Subsequently, BHK-T7 cells stably expressing T7 RNA polymerase were transfected with plasmids encoding each of the 12 CTFV gene segments, expression plasmids encoding all CTFV proteins, and a vaccinia virus RNA-capping enzyme. Following transfection, the cells were co-cultured with Vero or HeLa cells. Using this system, we rescued monoreassortants and recombinant viruses harboring peptide-tagged viral proteins. Furthermore, an improved system using Expi293F cells expressing T7 RNA polymerase was established, which enabled the generation of recombinant reporter CTFVs. In conclusion, these reverse genetics systems for CTFV will greatly contribute to the understanding of viral replication mechanisms, pathogenesis, and transmission, ultimately facilitating the development of rational treatments and candidate vaccines.
Strategic approaches to improve equine breeding and stud farm outcomes
Authors: Khan Imdad Ullah , Khairullah Aswin Rafif , Khan Asfand Yar , Rehman Atta Ur , Mustofa Imam
Published: February 2025

This review explores advanced strategies for enhancing fertility and optimizing reproductive outcomes in equine breeding programs. Horses, being seasonal breeders, present unique reproductive challenges influenced by environmental and physiological factors such as photoperiods, hormone cycles, and aging. Key approaches discussed include hormonal therapies, artificial light manipulation, and nutritional supplementation to improve ovulation and conception rates during the breeding season. Specific hormones such as gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogs, equine follicle-stimulating hormone, and progesterone are analyzed for their roles in synchronizing estrus and increasing ovarian activity. The document also emphasizes the significance of dietary strategies, particularly the inclusion of omega-3 fatty acids, L-arginine, and essential vitamins, in improving reproductive health. In addition, the review underscores the importance of stallion management, addressing factors such as testicular health, age, and environmental stress. Practical methods to mitigate seasonal infertility and improve foaling rates through better reproductive management of mares and stallions are detailed. These insights aim to assist stud farm owners in maximizing breeding efficiency and achieving higher economic returns. The primary goal of this review is to provide a comprehensive guide to practical interventions that increase the productivity and sustainability of equine breeding operations.

Keywords: economic empowerment, equine breeding management, fertility enhancement, hormonal therapy, reproductive efficiency, seasonal breeding.
Gastric Outlet Obstruction Caused by Histoplasmosis in a Nonendemic Region
Authors: Shepherd Katherine , Obeng George , Kupec Justin T. , Hsueh William
Published: February 2025

Histoplasmosis capsulatum is a dimorphic fungus commonly considered endemic in the Mississippi and Ohio River Valley regions. Histoplasmosis can present as asymptomatic in immunocompetent patients or present as a disseminated infection in immunocompromised patients. Diagnosing histoplasmosis can be challenging in nonendemic areas, especially in patients presenting primarily with gastrointestinal symptoms. We describe a case of an immunocompromised 29-year-old man presenting with gastric outlet obstruction caused by disseminated histoplasmosis in a region not commonly considered endemic to Histoplasmosis capsulatum.
ผลกระทบของข้อมูลทางบัญชีที่แสดงบนงบการเงินต่อมูลค่าตลาดของธุรกิจหมวดพลังงานและสาธารณูปโภค ในตลาดหลักทรัพย์แห่งประเทศไทย
Authors:   มหาวิทยาลัยราชพฤกษ์, ธานีกุล นันทพร , สิทธิพัฒนา พรรณเพ็ญ ,   มหาวิทยาลัยราชพฤกษ์
Published: February 2025

บทความวิจัยนี้ มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อ ศึกษาผลกระทบของข้อมูลทางบัญชีที่แสดงบนงบการเงินต่อมูลค่าตลาดของธุรกิจหมวดพลังงานและสาธารณูปโภคในตลาดหลักทรัพย์แห่งประเทศไทย ว่าส่งผลกระทบต่อกันหรือไม่ อย่างไร โดยข้อมูลทางบัญชีที่ใช้ในการศึกษา ได้แก่ อัตราผลตอบแทนจากสินทรัพย์ โครงสร้างเงินทุน ขนาดของบริษัท อัตราส่วนเงินทุนหมุนเวียน และอัตราการหมุนเวียนของลูกหนี้ ซึ่งทำการรวบรวมข้อมูลของบริษัทจดทะเบียนในตลาดหลักทรัพย์แห่งประเทศไทย เฉพาะบริษัทที่มีข้อมูลครบถ้วน ในปี 2561-2565 จำนวน 47 บริษัท โดยนำไปวิเคราะห์สมการถดถอยพหุคูณ ที่ระดับความเชื่อมั่น 95%
ผลการศึกษาพบว่า ข้อมูลทางบัญชีที่มีความสัมพันธ์ทางบวกที่ส่งผลกระทบต่อมูลค่าตลาดของธุรกิจหมวดพลักงานและสาธารณูปโภค ในตลาดหลักทรัพย์แห่งประเทศไทย ตามตัวแบบ ค่า Sig. เท่ากับ 0.000 แสดงว่ามีตัวแปรอิสระอย่างน้อย 1 ตัว คือ อัตราผลตอบแทนจากสินทรัพย์ โครงสร้างเงินทุน ขนาดของบริษัท อัตราส่วนเงินทุนหมุนเวียน และอัตราการหมุนเวียนของลูกหนี้ ที่สามารถอธิบายการเปลี่ยนแปลงของมูลค่าตลาด ที่ระดับนัยสำคัญ 0.05 มีค่าสัมประสิทธิ์ในการตัดสินใจ (Adjusted R2) เท่ากับ 0.043 แสดงให้เห็นว่าโครงสร้างเงินทุน ขนาดของบริษัท อัตราส่วนเงินทุนหมุนเวียน และอัตราการหมุนเวียนของลูกหนี้ สามารถอธิบายการเปลี่ยนแปลงของมูลค่าตลาดได้ร้อยละ 4.30 เมื่อพิจารณาจากตัวแบบ แสดงว่า อัตราผลตอลแทนจากสินทรัพย์ โครงสร้างเงินทุน ขนาดของบริษัท และอัตราส่วนเงินทุนหมุนเวียน ส่งผลต่อมูลค่าตลาดทิศทางเดียวกันในเชิงบวก ที่ระดับนัยสำคัญ 0.05 กล่าวคือ โครงสร้างเงินทุน ขนาดของบริษัท และอัตราส่วนเงินทุนหมุนเวียน เพิ่มขึ้นจะส่งผลให้มูลค่าตลาดเพิ่มขึ้นเช่นกัน ส่วนอัตราการหมุนเวียนของลูกหนี้ ส่งผลต่อมูลค่าตลาดทิศทางตรงกันข้ามในเชิงบวก ที่ระดับนัยสำคัญ 0.05 กล่าวคือ อัตราการหมุนเวียนของลูกหนี้ เพิ่มขึ้นจะส่งผลให้มูลค่าตลาดลดลง
Multilingualism triangulated: A systematic method for analysing multilingual contexts
Authors:   University of London, Weidl Miriam ,   University of London, Goodchild Sam
Published: February 2025

In this article we outline a methodology for researching multilingual contexts – the triangulation of analyses. The key point of the methodology is to triangulate analyses carried out by different parties. It is a systematic way of incorporating different perspectives of the same documented communicative event in order to attempt a more holistic understanding of multilingual practices. We propose that the method can be useful to any researcher of multilingualism and applicable in any setting the world over. We describe the method illustrating step-by-step how we use it to investigate multilingual language use in the Casamance, Senegal with examples from our respective research. We conclude discussing how the triangulation method goes hand-in-hand with reflective practice, and thus offer insights into our changed thinking on how to study multilingualism using sociolinguistic, ethnographic-based methods, but most importantly incorporating different points of view.
La retroactividad de la ley penal: la utilidad de las disposiciones transitorias
Authors: Marín de Espinosa Elena
Published: February 2025

Un cambio legislativo requiere resolver si las normas anteriores se mantienen vigentes en ciertos supuestos y cuando la nueva norma se debe aplicar en relación con los ya existentes. El art. 2.2º CP regula esta cuestión, disponiendo la aplicación retroactiva de la norma más favorable para el reo, aunque esta regla general pueda ser modificada en las ocasiones en que la nueva norma incorpore disposiciones transitorias. Este es el objeto del presente trabajo de investigación; conocer el derecho penal transitorio y, especialmente, la función y utilidad de las disposiciones transitorias. Se analizan las distintas consecuencias jurídicas y el alcance de la retroactividad, dependiendo de que la nueva norma contenga, o no, disposiciones transitorias, y se estudia un caso en el que se constatan claramente esas diferencias: la LO 10/2022, de 6 de septiembre, de garantía integral de la libertad sexual; norma que no previó disposiciones transitorias en materia penal, provocando la aplicación de las reglas generales de retroactividad del art. 2.2º CP una gran alarma social.
Smlouva zakládající Ústavu pro Evropu jako smlouva podle čl. 10a Ústavy české republiky a role národních parlamentů v ní
Authors: Kysela Jan
Published: February 2025

The substance of European integration is very dynamic. One of the most important steps of this process is the draft of the Treaty establishing the Constitution for Europe. The Czech Republic participated in the work and debates of the Convention on the Future of Europe through the activity of representatives of both chambers of the Parliament and the Government. These bodies also reflected and discussed the draft of the constitutional treaty, however by different ways. The Government and the Senate elaborated complex positions in written form, the House of Deputies only debated the draft in committees and in plenary session. The draft of the constitutional treaty strengthens the “European” role of national parliaments in many aspects. As an addition to modified Protocol on the role of national parliaments in the EU the draft creates new mechanism for the subsidiarity check. National parliaments will be also integral part of the decision-making in respect to two clauses: the flexibility clause and clause passerrelle. The Czech constitution contained in the article 10b framework for two alternatives of the cooperation between the Parliament and the Government in European matters. Alternative 1 presupposes joint committee of both chambers, alternative 2, which has been preferred, means autonomous activity of each chamber. In 2003 the Parliament has started the debate on the drafts of standing orders of both chambers, which are a little different. We can expect, that not only the European Constitution, but also the Czech one will minimalize the so called democratic deficit of the EU and its decision-making.
Právní charakter zásahu do lidského těla v českém a evropském právu
Authors: Dostál Ondřej
Published: February 2025

One of the key issues in criminal and medical law is the legal nature of medical interventions and other invasions of the integrity of human organism. The main problem is whether the interventions as such are legal or illegal and on which conditions can informed consent of the affected individual exclude criminal liability of the person who carried out the intervention. The answer to this question can differ according to the nature of the intervention. The development of human rights doctrine in European states lays increasing emphasis on the dignity of an individual and the right to decide freely about own health. This development is expressed in various documents of the Council of Europe and EU, above all in the Biomedicine Convention and the Charter of Fundamental Rights. In connection with its EU accession, the Czech Republic has to accept the principles enshrined in these documents. This will affect not only the texts of national laws, but also the Czech legal theory. This article applies the rules of the Biomedicine Convention on the Czech criminal and medical law. The invasions of human integrity are divided into several groups, based on their medical or non-medical nature and on the existence or non-existence of informed consent with the intervention. The legality of every group of interventions is analysed according to the principles of European human rights law. The author tries to develop some basic guidelines for judicial review of individua! cases. For this purpose, the concept of informed consent is made subject of more detailed analysis. The author interprets the legal duty to inform the patient and to obtain a valid consent with the intervention. The possible standards for adequate disclosure are examined and the legal consequences of an invalid consent are analysed from a comparative point of view.
Ochrana základních práv zaměstnanců v judikatuře Evropského soudního dvora
Authors: Prchlík Lukáš
Published: February 2025

The objective of this article is to describe the development of the perception of human rights’ issues pertaining to the field of labour law under the new jurisdiction and legal order created by the European Communities. The progress in the human rights area shall be illustrated by changing approaches of the European Court of Justice and Member States and of course by the greater awareness of the citizens of the “ever closer Union” of their fundamental rights. The gist of the work tackles the most interesting labour law cases which the European Court of Justice was deciding and which are sometimes of trailblazer character. This article commences by a necessary introduction of human rights protection in the context of labour law. It further briefly tackles the development of the European Court of Justice’ case law regarding human rights’ aspects generally. It also describes various instruments of the other EC institutions tackling the controversial subject of human rights, up to the most recent document, The Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union and the Europe’s Constitution. The principal part of this article concentrates on social human rights case law and outlines some of the basic general principles that the European Court of Justice employed when deciding such cases. However, it was never the aim of this paper to provide a complete list of Community fundamental social rights in the field of labour law as the author is well aware of the fact that such task would require much more elaborate analysis of this topic. Quite contrarily, the purpose of this article is to highlight labour law aspects connected with the judicial protection of fundamental rights of employees within the framework of the European Union and to enable a more clearer insight into some of the key judgments in this area. The final part reflects protection of fundamental social rights of employees provided by the Community in the Czech legal order. The article was written with the ultimate purpose of illustrating that fundamental social rights of employees are bound to enjoy more and more respect and the values comprised in some of the cases of the European Court of Justice and certain key Community instruments such as the Charter, are to become a necessary part of the foundations of the future European integration.
The Performance of Merging Cooperative Banks in Germany
Authors: Dreusch Dennis , Reichling Peter
Published: February 2025

Motivated by the recent increase in bank mergers, this paper examines the performance of German cooperative banks that merged between 2014 and 2019. We are particularly interested in whether elevated merger rates are due to bank inefficiencies or to challenging policy measures such as low-for-long interest rates. The results indicate that banks that perform relatively worse before and during the low interest environment exhibit a greater probability of becoming a target during this period. Consolidation generally occurs among low performing banks where large and well-capitalized banks merge with their small and inefficient peers. Ultimately, our results attribute the increased number of mergers to inefficiencies in the banking industry, as banks that exited the market were inefficient prior to the adverse low interest rate environment.
Comprehensive creep compliance characterization of orthotropic materials using an automated system
Authors: Maas Jonas M. , Wittel Falk K.
Published: February 2025

Determining the creep compliances of orthotropic composite materials requires experiments in at least three different uniaxial and biaxial loading directions. Up to date, data respecting multiple climates and all anatomical directions are sparse for hygro-responsive materials like Norway spruce. Consequently, simulation models of wood frequently over-simplify creep, e.g., by proportionally scaling missing components or neglecting climatic influences. To overcome such simplifications, an automated computer-controlled climatized creep rack was developed, that experimentally assesses moisture-dependent viscoelasticity and mechanosorption in all anatomical directions. The device simultaneously measures the creep strains of three dogbone tension samples, three flat compression samples, and six Arcan shear samples via Digital Image Correlation. This allows for ascertaining the complete orthotropic compliance tensors while accounting for loading direction asymmetries. This paper explains the creep rack’s structure and demonstrates its use by determining all nine independent creep compliance components of Norway spruce at 65 % relative humidity. The data shows that loading asymmetry effects amount up to 18 %. Furthermore, the found creep compliance tensor is not proportional to the elastic compliance tensor. By clustering the compliance components, this work identifies four necessary components to represent the full orthotropy of the compliance tensor, obtainable from not less than two experiments.
Implementing an oral task in an EFL classroom with low proficient learners: a micro-evaluation
Authors: Shintani Natsuko , Shioji Sora , Fujita Takuro
Published: February 2025

This study employed a micro-evaluation approach to investigate a task-based lesson in a Japanese secondary school with low-proficiency learners of English. A Japanese teacher implemented a task-based lesson in her four regular classes, which typically followed traditional teacher-centered instruction prior to the current investigation. The evaluation involved three components: response-based evaluation by examining language-related, meaning-related, and task-related episodes and their functions in the interactions; student-based evaluation through a questionnaire; and teacher-based evaluation via an interview. The results indicate that students valued the lesson, finding the task enjoyable and beneficial for their learning, though some found it challenging due to their limited proficiency. Students who viewed the task as an opportunity for communication in L2 tended to value the lesson, whereas those who saw the task as exercises for specific grammatical features felt otherwise. The teacher was surprised by how well her students communicated in English and expressed a desire to incorporate more tasks in the future. However, she also identified issues with the task materials and felt that pre-teaching vocabulary would have been necessary. Based on these findings, we propose several strategies to enhance the implementation of task-based lessons for young, low-proficiency students in Japan.
Mentoring interpreters of new and emerging languages for Australian courts and tribunals
Authors: Lai Miranda , Gonzalez Erika
Published: February 2025

Quality interpreting in courts and tribunals requires high competence in language and contextual knowledge, as well as interactional management and ethical reasoning skills. But a cohort of the interpreting workforce in Australia – particularly those from the so-called “new and emerging” language backgrounds – has been disadvantaged due to a lack of access to university or vocational training for interpreters. These interpreters, therefore, work in specialised areas such as courts and tribunals with little or no formal training. This paper describes a pilot project that operationalised Optimal Standard 3 of Australia’s Recommended National Standards for Working with Interpreters in Courts and Tribunals regarding the provision of mentorship to interpreters who are under- or untrained. The project comprised two stages: in Stage 1, interpreters attended a tailored professional development course on legal interpreting; then in Stage 2, a group of thirteen interpreters selected from Stage 1, plus four recruited mentors, participated in mentorship reflecting Optimal Standard 3. The outcomes show the potential applicability and utility of this Standard for its intended purpose. However, for such initiatives to be viable, they require additional support, including administrative and financial resources from the courts and other stakeholders, as well as a rethinking of interpreter employment models.
Crystal structure of [(4-bromobenzyl)triphenylphosphonium] tetrabromidoindium(III), [C25H21BrP]+[InBr4]−
Authors: Li Xue , Wang Guangyao
Published: February 2025

C25H21Br5PIn, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 10.5887(2) Å, b = 14.7713(2) Å, c = 18.9737(3) Å, β = 102.300(2)°, V = 2899.53(8) Å3, Z = 4, R

gt
(F) = 0.0450, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.1205, T = 293(2) K.
Proposing a Conceptual Framework for Social Listening in Libraries: A Potential Game Changer to Engage Gen Z and Centennial Users
Authors: Kumar Amit , T. A. Yadukrishnan
Published: February 2025

This study explores the evolving needs of Generation Z (Gen Z) and Generation Alpha (Gen Alpha) users in the context of libraries, emphasizing the critical role of social listening as a tool for engagement. Social listening, a technique used by professionals to track online conversations and mentions about brands, products, and services, offers valuable insights into user preferences and behaviors. With Gen Z being the first to grow up with seamless access to the internet and Gen Alpha following closely, both generations exhibit distinct characteristics that challenge traditional methods of user engagement. These users prioritize digital interaction over physical spaces, reshaping how libraries function and the relevance of conventional services. Libraries are facing existential threats as they struggle to adapt to this generational shift, with traditional physical collections and spaces giving way to digital environments. This article aims to review existing literature on generational cohort, proposing a conceptual framework that integrates social listening into library management strategies. The framework will help library professionals better engage with these tech-savvy users, ensuring libraries’ survival and continued relevance in a rapidly digitizing world.
Conservative second-order monotonic numerical method for solving two-dimensional continuity equation
Authors: Shaydurov Vladimir V. , Vyatkin Aleksandr V. , Cherednichenko Olga M.
Published: February 2025

The paper demonstrates constructing monotone difference scheme for the two-dimensional (in space) transfer equation in divergent form by the Lagrangian–Eulerian approach. It is based on the use of spatial grids formed by the approximate traces of the characteristics for this operator. The use of such special grids made it possible to circumvent the limitation by S. K. Godunov on the absence of monotone schemes above the first order of convergence. A brief theoretical justification for the second order of convergence and supporting results of the computational experiment are presented.
Preconditioners for large dense matrices in a low-rank format
Authors: Stavtsev Stanislav L.
Published: February 2025

In this paper, we apply low rank approximations to a large dense matrix in the solution of an integral equation in the problems of electromagnetic wave diffraction on a perfectly conductive object. In the case of a large wave number, the matrix of the system becomes ill-conditioned, therefore, we propose to use a preconditioner to solve the system with such a matrix by an iterative method. Based on block-sparse matrices, two types of preconditioners are constructed in this paper. Low-rank approximations are used to store the factors of the LU decomposition of the preconditioner matrix. The preconditioners make it possible to obtain a solution to the diffraction problem on a perfectly conductive object of 120 wavelengths.
Edição vol. 8, nº 14 / janeiro-junho de 2023
Authors: Discente Ofícios de Clio Revista
Published: February 2025

Edição completa vol. 8, n º 14 / janeiro-dezembro de 2023.
Neuroanatomical mapping of gerbil corticostriatal and thalamostriatal projections reveals the parafascicular nucleus as a relay for vestibular information to the entire striatum
Authors: Smith Jared B. , Hong Sean S. , Murphy Damian J. , Dangcil Evelynne , Nacipucha Jacqueline , Tucker Aaron , Carayannopoulos Nicolas L. , Beshy Mina , Chandrasekar Shrivaishnavi , Peci Eran , Kiel Matthew Y. , Wackym P. Ashley , Yao Justin D. , Mowery Todd M.
Published: February 2025

The striatum is the primary input nucleus of the basal ganglia, integrating a dense plexus of inputs from the cerebral cortex and thalamus to regulate action selection and learning. Neuroanatomical mapping of the striatum and its sub compartments has been carried out extensively in rats and mice, non-human primates, and cats allowing comparative neuroanatomy studies to derive heuristics about striatal composition and function. Here, we systematically map corticostriatal topography from motor, somatosensory, auditory, and visual cortices as well as thalamostriatal parafascicular (PfN) inputs in the Mongolian Gerbil. We also map a pathway reported in mice from medial vestibular nucleus to the PfN that could convey vestibular information to the striatum. Our findings align with those of similar studies in other rodents, indicating homologous neuroanatomical connectivity patterns within the corticostriatal projectome across rodentia. We observed corticostriatal peaks of dense labeling for each input with a diffuse projection throughout striatal subregions from each cortical region, suggesting a global integration of all cortical information by the striatum. Thalamostriatal projections from PfN covered most of the striatum with a peak of PfN specific compartmentalized labeling similar to other sensory and motor systems. We also confirm the connection from the medial vestibular nucleus to PfN thalamus, indicating that vestibular information may be widely integrated throughout the striatum. The findings build upon our body of knowledge on striatal connectivity across mammalian species and provide a foundation for striatal research focusing on vestibulothalamostriatal circuits in rodentia.

Significance statementIn this study, systematic mapping of the projections to striatum from motor, somatosensory, auditory, and visual cortices in Mongolian gerbil reveal commonalities with rodents. Principally, while some areas receive compartmentalized innervation from specific modalities, there also exists a global interspersed plexus of integrating inputs from each cortical area to each striatal subregion. Additionally, we also demonstrate a clear thalamostriatal innervation from parafascicular thalamus (PfN), that is homologous to other rodents and primates. Finally, we confirm a pathway from the medial vestibular nucleus to PfN thalamus that could broadly convey vestibular information across the striatum. Our results reveal common principles in neuroanatomical connectivity across another mammalian species and provide an anatomical map to guide future vestibular striatal studies in gerbils and other animal models.
Cholecystokinin modulates corticostriatal transmission and plasticity in rodents
Authors: Guillaume Chloé , Sáez María , Parnet Patricia , Reig Ramón , Paillé Vincent
Published: February 2025

Recent findings have shifted the view of cholecystokinin (CCK) from being a cellular neuronal marker to being recognized as a crucial neuropeptide pivotal in synaptic plasticity and memory processes. Despite its now appreciated importance in various brain regions and abundance in the basal ganglia, its role in the striatum, which is vital for motor control, remains unclear. This study sought to fill this gap by performing a comprehensive investigation of the role of CCK in modulating striatal medium spiny neurons (MSN) membrane properties, as well as the secondary somatosensory cortex S2 to MSN synaptic transmission and plasticity in rodents. Usingin-vivooptopatch-clamp recording in mice on identified medium spiny neurons (MSNs), we showed that the application of CCK receptor type 2 (CCK2R) antagonists decreases corticostriatal transmission in both direct and indirect pathway MSNs. Moving to an ex vivo rat preparation to maximize experimental access, we showed that CCK2R inhibition impacts MSN membrane properties by reducing spike threshold and rheobase, suggesting an excitability increase. Moreover, CCK modulates corticostriatal transmission mainly via CCK2R, and CCK2R blockage shifted spike-timing-dependent plasticity (STDP) from long-term potentiation to long-term depression. Our study advances the understanding of CCK's importance in modulating corticostriatal transmission. By showing how CCK2R blockade influences synaptic function and plasticity, we provide new insights into the mechanisms underlying striatal functions, opening new paths for exploring its potential relevance to neurological disorders involving basal ganglia related behaviors.

Significance StatementCholecystokinin (CCK) plays a critical role in synaptic plasticity and memory but completely unexplored in corticostriatal synapses and motor control. This study shows that blocking the CCK2 receptor (CCK2R) reduces postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs) and excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs) in the motor striatum (in vivo and ex vivo) and disrupts corticostriatal spike-timing-dependent plasticity (STDP), shifting it from long-term potentiation (LTP) to long-term depression (LTD). These findings reveal CCK signaling as a key modulator of corticostriatal communication, capable of reversing the direction of synaptic plasticity. The results position CCK as a crucial regulator of synaptic and motor functions, with implications for understanding corticostriatal mechanisms.
ОЦЕНКА УСТОЙЧИВОСТИ БОРТА КАРЬЕРА КОМПЛЕКСОМ ИНСТРУМЕНТАЛЬНО-РАСЧЕТНЫХ МЕТОДОВ
Authors: РЫБИН В.В. , КОНСТАНТИНОВ К.Н. , КАЛЮЖНЫЙ А.С.
Published: February 2025

При отработке месторождений с использованием открытой геотехнологии происходит формирование глубоких карьерных выемок и возникает ситуация близкого взаимного расположения промышленных зданий предприятий и зоны открытых горных работ. Подобная ситуация требует организации комплексного мониторинга и периодической оценки устойчивости участков бортов карьеров с учетом новых данных о свойствах и состоянии массива пород. В настоящей статье описан подход к организации системы мониторинга и оценки устойчивости на опасном участке борта карьера. В результате периодического инструментального контроля сейсмическим методом в варианте профилирования показано, что исследуемый участок борта карьера значительно нарушен. Результаты оценки устойчивости данного участка карьера с применением метода предельного равновесия показали, что он находится в неустойчивом состоянии. Сделан вывод о том, что прогноз развития зон разрушения пород на данном участке целесообразно выполнять комплексно, на основе применения натурных и расчетных методов контроля устойчивости.

Open mining operations generate deep open pits, and the industrial infrastructure and buildings become closely spaced with the open mining zone as a result. The situation requires implementation of integrated monitoring and periodic assessment of pitwall stability considering up-to-date data on properties and condition of rock mass. This article describes an approach to monitoring and assessment of pitwall stability on a hazardous site. The periodic seismic profiling reveals great disruption of the test site. The stability assessment of the test site using the limit equilibrium method shows the slope instability. It is concluded that prediction of failure zones on the test site is advisable to carry out by integrating the field inspection and computational methods of slope stability control.
ОБОСНОВАНИЕ ВЫЕМКИ ПОДКАРЬЕРНЫХ И ПРИБОРТОВЫХ ЗАПАСОВ СИСТЕМАМИ С ОБРУШЕНИЕМ И ТВЕРДЕЮЩЕЙ ЗАКЛАДКОЙ НА АРТЕМЬЕВСКОМ РУДНИКЕ ПРИ ПЕРЕХОДЕ С ОТКРЫТЫХ ГОРНЫХ РАБОТ НА ПОДЗЕМНУЮ ДОБЫЧУ
Authors: ШАПОШНИК Ю.Н. , НЕВЕРОВ А.А. , КУДРЯ А.О. , НЕВЕРОВ С.А. , НИКОЛЬСКИЙ А.М.
Published: February 2025

Выполнена геомеханическая оценка безопасных параметров конструктивных элементов выемки и последовательного погашения подкарьерных и прибортовых запасов рудного месторождения сплошной камерной системой разработки с обрушением и технологией формирования закладочного массива. Установлено, что безопасное расстояние между буродоставочными выработками смежных камер находится в прямой зависимости от высоты зоны отработки. Доказана необходимость последовательного проведения проходки буродоставочных штреков по мере извлечения камер. Опережение проходческих работ над добычными должно составлять не более одной-двух выработок в зависимости от нарушенности массива горных пород. Порядок реализации очистных работ не должен сопровождаться формированием разного рода целиков по ширине, соизмеримой с очистной камерой или менее ее. Показано, что небезопасно вести отработку запасов на участках, попавших в зону надработки и продработки. Определены параметры конструктивных элементов систем разработки, обеспечивающих безопасность ведения горных работ.

The geomechanical evaluation of safety is carried out for structural components of a mining system integrating caving and backfilling in extraction of ore reserves under bottom and in pitwall rock mass. It is found that safe distance between drilling and haulage openings in neighbor stopes depends directly on the height of a mining zone. The need of sequential cutting of drilling and haulage openings in the course of extraction of ore reserves from stopes is proved. The advance of heading operations over actual stoping should be not more than one-two mine openings depending on the rock mass quality. Stoping operations should eliminate formation of any pillars across the width commensurable with the stope or smaller. It is shown that operations in undermined or overmined zones are unsafe. The parameters of structural components which ensure safety of mining are determined.
ПОВЫШЕНИЕ ИЗВЛЕЧЕНИЯ СЛАБО- И АНОМАЛЬНО ЛЮМИНЕСЦИРУЮЩИХ АЛМАЗОВ В ПРОЦЕССЕ РЕНТГЕНОЛЮМИНЕСЦЕНТНОЙ СЕПАРАЦИИ С ПРИМЕНЕНИЕМ ЛЮМИНОФОРСОДЕРЖАЩИХ КОМПОЗИЦИЙ
Authors: ЧАНТУРИЯ В.А. , МОРОЗОВ В.В. , ДВОЙЧЕНКОВА Г.П. , ЧАНТУРИЯ Е.Л.
Published: February 2025

Установлена причина потерь алмазов с нестандартной интенсивностью природной люминесценции в условиях основной рентгенолюминесцентной сепарации. Разработана технология корректировки природных спектрально кинетических характеристик алмазов с помощью обработки кимберлитового алмазосодержащего материала люминофорсодержащими реагентами, включающими в качестве основы смесь люминофоров типа ФЛ-530 и антрацена. Для повышения устойчивости люминофорсодержащих композиций и улучшения закрепления люминофоров на поверхности алмаза предложен способ усиления их олеофильности за счет обработки реагентом-гидрофобизатором (бутиловый ксантогенат калия). Обеспечение максимальной селективности рентгенолюминесцентной сепарации предложено осуществлять путем предотвращения адгезии люминофорсодержащей композиции на зернах кимберлита за счет добавления реагентов-диспергаторов с концентрацией 1- 1.5 г/л. Показано, что гидрофобизация люминофора ФЛ-530 бутиловым ксантогенатом калия и применение реагентов-диспергаторов обеспечивает селективное закрепление люминофора на поверхности нестандартно люминесцирующих алмазов и их избирательное извлечение в соответствующий концентрат. Подтверждено общее снижение потерь алмазов при рентгенолюминесцентной сепарации.

The authors identified the cause of loss of diamonds with nonstandard natural luminescence intensity in X-ray fluorescent separation. The technology of adjusting spectral and kinetic characteristics of diamonds is developed as treatment of diamond-bearing kimberlite material by luminophore-bearing reagents including mixture of FL-530-type luminophores and anthracene. For reaching improved stability of luminophore-bearing compositions and for the better attachment of luminophores on diamond surface, it is proposed to enhance their oil receptivity by treating with a hydrophobization agent (potassium butyl xanthate). It is suggested to ensure maximal selectivity of X-ray fluorescent separation through prevention of adhesion of luminophore-bearing composition to kimberlite grains by adding dispergators at concentrations of 1-1.5 g/l. It is shown that hydrophobization of luminophore FL-530 by potassium butyl xanthate and the use of dispergators ensure selective attachment of luminophore at the surface of diamonds with nonstandard natural luminescence, as well as their selective extraction to concentrate. The overall reduction in the loss of diamonds in X-ray fluorescent separation is proved
ИЗМЕНЕНИЕ ВСПЕНИВАЮЩЕЙ СПОСОБНОСТИ И УСТОЙЧИВОСТИ ПЕНЫ РАСТВОРОВ НЕИОНОГЕННЫХ СОБИРАТЕЛЕЙ ШЛАМОВ ПРИ УЛЬТРАЗВУКОВОЙ ОБРАБОТКЕ
Authors: ЧЕРНЫШЕВ А.В. , ПОЙЛОВ В.З. , СЕНЬКИНА И.Д. , ШЕСТАКОВА Е.С.
Published: February 2025

Исследовано применение ультразвука при предварительной обработке флотационных реагентов, используемых при флотации шламов. Изучено влияние ультразвуковой обработки водных растворов неионогенных собирателей, используемых при флотационном обесшламливании сильвинитовых руд, на изменение характеристик полученных пен: объем и высоту пены, ее кратность, влагосодержание, устойчивость и скорость разрушения. Выявлено повышение вспенивающей способности растворов, кратности и “сухости” пен с увеличением удельной акустической мощности, а также резкое снижение устойчивости пен при повышенных мощностях ультразвуковой обработки. Дана оценка возможности повышения пенообразования и снижения устойчивости трехфазных пен.

Preliminary ultrasound treatment of reagents meant for the flotation of slimes is studied. The study of the influence exerted by the ultrasound treatment applied to water solutions of nonionic collectors for flotation desliming of sylvinite ore focused on the change in characteristics of the generated foams: foam volume and height, foam ratio, moisture content, stability and breakdown rate. It is found that foamability of the solutions, foam ratio and “dryness” increase with the increasing sound power, whereas foam stability drops. The possibility of enhancing foamability and reducing stability of three-phase foams is assessed.
ОЦЕНКА НАПРЯЖЕННО-ДЕФОРМИРОВАННОГО СОСТОЯНИЯ МАССИВА ГОРНЫХ ПОРОД ПО ЕГО ЭЛЕКТРОМАГНИТНОМУ ИЗЛУЧЕНИЮ
Authors: БИЗЯЕВ А.А. , ВОСТРЕЦОВ А.Г. , СМИРНЯГИН И.И. , ШАРАПОВА М.Д.
Published: February 2025

Представлен способ локализации в массиве горных пород зон с повышенным трещинообразованием. В основу положена геофизическая модель формирования электромагнитного излучения, сопутствующего процессу нарушения сплошности в массиве. Показано, что для локализации участка с изменяемым напряженно-деформированным состоянием в окрестности выработки методом электромагнитного излучения необходимо при профилировании горной выработки оценивать мощность источника сигнала, соответствующего разрушению горных пород, путем регистрации сигналов датчиков электромагнитного излучения. Предложен подход к построению архитектуры программного обеспечения для прогнозирования динамических проявлений горного давления.

The article presents the method of location of heavily fractured zones in rock mass. The method uses a geophysical model of electromagnetic radiation which accompanies discontinuity of rock mass. It is shown that for the location of a rock mass area with the change in the stress-strain behavior in the neighborhood of mine openings using the electromagnetic radiation method, it is required to assess the power of a source of rock failure by means of recording signals from sensors of electromagnetic radiation. An approach to building a software architecture to predict dynamic events induced by rock pressure is proposed.