bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Analysis of Conflict Talk in the Film of Elizabeth from the Perspective of Speech Acts Theory
Authors: Zhang Jiahui
Published: July 2024

Speech Act Theory (SAT) mainly focuses on the phenomena of actions performed via speaking and is an indispensable research technique in both pragmatic analysis and literary appreciation. Conflict talk is a common linguistic phenomenon in interpersonal conversations, which takes consecutive and ambiguous language turns as specific form. Although scholars have made some progress in conflict talk and its analysis by using SAT, their research results only focuses on the conflict talk itself which may overlook some countermeasures. Therefore, in order to get a more comprehensive and in-depth result, this paper will proceed from SAT perspective and combine with pragmatic analysis to finish the research of the conflict talks in the film of Elizabeth.
Nation Building through the Volunteerism and Community Services of National Service Scheme (NSS): An Extension Dimension of Higher Education
Authors: Mandal Lipika
Published: July 2024

The National Service Scheme, also known as NSS, is a social development activity with the motto "NOT ME, BUT YOU." The Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports, Government of India, conducts the National Service Scheme (NSS), an extension service programme. The program extends from the senior secondary school stage to the postgraduate level across all Indian universities. The program's two main components are youth and community. The youth are the future citizens and administrators of India. Participating in NSS, the candidates perceive social change, transformations, and social development issues. The youth are the most vibrant generation, with energy, courage, and the ability to change society. The study examines the main objective of the NSS program for the overall development of student youth through their participation in social and nation-building activities, as well as education. This study examines the importance of NSS in keeping students motivated to attend higher educational institutions. NSS plays a catalytic role in motivating students to take initiative in resolving different problems, social barriers, harassment, and violence, transforming all the negative activities into positive ones, and creating a peaceful atmosphere on campuses as well as in neighbouring areas.
FROM PROBLEMS OF LANGUAGE AND MIND TO PSYCHOLINGUISTICS: AN OVERVIEW OF COURSES
Authors: Figar Vladimir , Popović Mladen , Stamenković Dušan
Published: July 2024

The paper aims to provide an overview of the development and changes in the courses at the Department of English in Niš, at the BA and MA level, as well as at the PhD level (in philology, Faculty of Philosophy, Niš), related to different linguistic approaches to the study of meaning (construction) and human cognition. These courses included in the curricula were initially influenced by the ideas stemming from the philosophy of mind and cognitive linguistics, and later by psycholinguistic research. We begin the paper with the general overview of the courses and we emphasize the main contributions to their development. Then we address in more detail some of the most important theoretical concepts which include the following: meaning construction, categorization, context, and a general overview of the main ideas in cognitive linguistics and psycholinguistics. We also stress the benefits of such a comprehensive approach for the students, and the thereby presented possibilities for further investigation.
El siglo XVIII y la identidad lingüística de México
Authors: Company Company Concepción
Published: July 2024

Discurso de ingreso de Concepción Company Company a la Academia Mexicana de la Lengua, el 10 de noviembre de 2005. Proporcionando, un breve recorrido por la historia del español en México. Da respuesta José G. Moreno de Alba; quien expone de manera breve el trabajo de esta lingüista.
Un gorrión en la guerra de las fieras
Authors: Robles Soler Antonio Joaquín
Published: July 2024

Cansados del caos y la discordia, los animales que habitan en la selva deciden organizarse para vivir en armonía. Para ello acuerdan respetar el territorio y los derechos de cada uno. Sin embargo, don Adolfo Elefante, llevado por la ambición, rompe el pacto y, sembrando el terror, somete a otros animales y los despoja de sus riquezas con la ayuda de otros traidores. don Tigre, indignado por las fechorías cometidas, inicia la resistencia, pero el miedo paraliza a la mayoría y se frena la rebelión. Sorpresivamente, don Gorrión, quizás la criatura más frágil del lugar y, al mismo tiempo, la más valiente, se une a la insurrección y logra, con ataques rápidos y estratégicos, doblegar al arrogante paquidermo. Gracias a su valor, la selva recupera la paz, los traidores son juzgados y reciben castigos ejemplares que nos recuerdan que ninguna criatura tiene derecho a dominar a otra.
La dificultad epistémica en el estudio de los movimientos sociales
Authors: Soto Pereira Diego Ernesto
Published: July 2024

A lo largo de los siglos XX y lo que va del XXI, el concepto de “movimientos sociales” ha sufrido múltiples transformaciones. Sus postulados se han actualizado y repensado de acuerdo a las modificaciones en las formas de organización, de acción, objetivos y actores, pero también, de acuerdo a la posición geográfica y teórica de los propios investigadores. El presente artículo tiene como intención realizar un breve recorrido describiendo algunos de estos cambios, tratando de mostrar cómo los paradigmas dominantes, provenientes de Europa y Estados Unidos, deben seguir siendo repensados para dar cuenta de las realidades latinoamericanas actuales, lo cual supone un problema epistemológico.
Milenarismo indígena armado: utopía y anticolonialismo
Authors: Jurado Zapata Israel
Published: July 2024

El milenarismo en las rebeliones indígenas, como fenómeno sociocultural en México (y otras partes del continente americano) es una expresión espiritual, religiosa y cultural ante la crisis política y el malestar social, puede llegar a ser una respuesta a condiciones extremas de explotación y ruptura del orden social, político y cultural causadas por los procesos de colonización. La emergencia de este fenómeno es atribuida por diversos investigadores al influjo del joaquinismo y otras corrientes milenaristas desde la religión judeocristiana. En sus expresiones históricas de origen indígena en nuestro país, resulta importante contrastar algunos elementos culturales que sugieren también un posible origen en la antigua “cosmogonía” anterior a la colonización y su visión cíclica del tiempo. Pero más importante aún es su carácter anticolonial y su complejidad sincrética cuando se transformó en un fenómeno armado que busca erradicar todo rastro de la civilización occidental.
La geografía política del populismo: interacciones y dinámicas de la espacialidad del poder
Authors: Flores Flores Daniel
Published: July 2024

Reconociendo la trascendental importancia de la geopolítica y el populismo en la comprensión de la política contemporánea, es esencial establecer definiciones claras o, en su ausencia, aproximaciones innovadoras para entender la complejidad de ambos conceptos. El propósito de este trabajo es aplicar el enfoque de geografía política basado en el análisis de sistemas-mundiales desarrollado por Colin Flint y Peter J. Taylor, con el objetivo de examinar la interacción entre geopolítica y los populismos, tanto de protesta excluyente como de proyecto incluyente. Este enfoque teórico proporciona una comprensión alternativa del fenómeno populista en un contexto geográfico amplio, integrando aspectos económicos, estructurales e históricos.
Mortalidad materna y COVID-19 en Argentina, Costa Rica, México, Perú y República Dominicana
Authors: Manchinelly Mota Edgar Daniel
Published: July 2024

Se realiza un análisis descriptivo de la situación de la mortalidad materna en Argentina, Costa Rica, México, Perú y República Dominicana antes y durante la pandemia por COVID-19 en 2020 y 2021. Lo anterior se llevó a cabo por medio de una descripción comparativa con datos principalmente del Portal de Indicadores Básicos y de publicaciones oficiales, ambos de la Organización Panamericana de la Salud (OPS) y, de forma secundaria, con información de las Bases de Datos y Publicaciones Estadísticas de la CEPALSTAT de la Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL). Se concluye en general que la República Dominicana es el país del conjunto seleccionado que muestra indicadores que expresan ya sea directa o indirectamente una situación magra respecto a la mortalidad materna antes y durante la crisis sanitaria, mientras que Costa Rica muestra la condición más óptima respecto a este problema de salud pública, aunque con matices a considerar.
Structural Analysis using of RFID Based ID Card Using FEA on Simcenter 3D Software
Authors: Gupta Madhav
Published: July 2024

Abstract: This research paper explores the application of Finite Element Analysis (FEA) in the design and optimization of Radio-Frequency Identification (RFID) based Identification Cards (ID cards). RFID technology is being opted by many manufacturing industries because of its efficiency in data identification and tracking. The integration of RFID technology into identification cards enhances security and facilitates seamless access control. This study focuses on employing FEA techniques to evaluate and improve the mechanical and structural aspects of RFID-based I cards, ensuring durability and reliability in realworld applications.
Comparative Analysis of Radiation Emissions from Smartphones and Landline Telephones: Implications for Cancer and Medical Conditions
Authors: Futak Durvesh Sanjay
Published: July 2024

Abstract: Concerns over the possible health effects of radiation emissions, particularly with relation to cancer and other medical issues, have been raised by the growing use of telecommunication equipment. The radiation emissions from landline and smartphone phones are compared in this study. Cellular signals, Wi-Fi, and Bluetooth on smartphones release non-ionizing radiofrequency (RF) radiation; the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) limits the Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) values to 1.6 watts per kilogram (W/kg). While corded phones release very little radiation, cordless landline phones also emit radiation, albeit at lesser amounts. The possible health concerns connected to mobile gadgets are investigated, including those related to cancer. Smartphones are investigated for connections to brain tumors such gliomas and acoustic neuromas. Research on Cancer (IARC) has categorized radiofrequency radiation as "possibly carcinogenic to humans." Electromagnetic hypersensitivity, sleep difficulties, and cognitive impacts are further health issues. The common consensus is that landline phones—especially corded ones—are safer because of their minimal or nonexistent radiation emissions.
Determinants of Tax Evasion and Detection: Empirical Evidence from India
Authors: Aakashreeom Aavidhata Adhishthata
Published: July 2024

Abstrac: Study Period: 2015-2020 Sample: 5,000 individual taxpayers across six major cities in India. Research Question: What are the key determinants influencing tax evasion in India, and how effective are the detection mechanisms? Methodology: Quantitative approach using regression analysis, supported by qualitative insights from semi-structured interviews. Findings: Major determinants of tax evasion include perceived detection probability, tax rates, and taxpayer's financial literacy. The efficacy of detection mechanisms is influenced by the efficiency of the tax department, technological advancement, and public awareness campaigns.
Bilateral Cooperation between Philippines and the United States of America in Counterterrorism against ISIS and Abu Sayyaf Group
Authors: Qeisha Firmansyah  , Wibowo Prihandono
Published: July 2024

Philippines is confronted with a number of security challenges that pose a threat to the country and its inhabitants. Among these challenges are the threat of terrorism. The objective of this research is to ascertain the manner in which the government responds to the ISIS movement within its territory, specifically through the bai'at relationship with the Abu Sayyaf group in Philippines. The liberal rationale of Immanuel Kant and the methods of counterterrorism and multilateralism inform the counterterrorism effort, which is designed to address and overcome terrorist disruptions from separatist groups and to prevent and respond to further terrorist attacks in order to fulfill the obligation to maintain the security of its people. As a member of the United Nations (UN), Philippines reaffirms its commitment to prevent, suppress, and counter all forms of terrorism under the UN Charter, Declarations, and relevant international laws. The Philippine government's efforts, policies, and programs demonstrate that achieving counterterrorism objectives will be challenging due to the lack of a deterrent effect on perpetrators. This is because the criminalization of terrorism perpetrators is often associated with human rights, which has been a topic of discussion among people and communities who believe that the punishment given to terrorism perpetrators should also be based on the values of human rights.
Global Governance in the 21st Century: A Digital Trends and Transformation
Authors: Alfarizi Baqi Zaenulhaq , Silvyasari Deasy , Heryadi Dudy
Published: July 2024

This article explores the dynamics of global governance in the 21st century, focusing on the trends and digital transformations that are reshaping traditional paradigms. With technological advancements, global governance not only faces new complexities but also unprecedented opportunities for innovation. This research discusses the impact of digital transformation on global decision-making, the role of non-governmental actors, and the necessary adaptations to confront the digital era. Policy analysis highlights challenges in cybersecurity, the need for responsive regulations, and the involvement of non-governmental actors in shaping the direction of global policies. Considering the multilevel governance theoretical framework, this article examines how policy dynamics at the international, national, and local levels interact within the context of digital transformation. A profound understanding of the innovative roles of technology companies, non-governmental organizations, and civil society is central to explaining how global governance can be inclusive and empower all stakeholders. Flexibility in regulations, adaptation to cutting-edge technologies, and collaborative approaches are key to achieving effective and sustainable governance in this digital era. The future outlook discusses expected paradigm shifts, emphasizing the need for adaptable regulations and closer global collaboration to address new challenges. Looking ahead, this article proposes policy directions and governance practices that enable the world to harness the positive potential of digital transformation without neglecting responsibility to the global community.
From Indigenous Knowledge to Human Security: A Case Study of Sekolah Adat Kewang in Maluku, Indonesia
Authors: Tri Fatharini Anjani , Aini Aulia Nur , Anggraheni Palupi
Published: July 2024

A prevalent narrative posits that the rights of indigenous peoples are often jeopardized by state interests due to an imbalance of power. The protection of local knowledge and customary law is closely linked with the need to address external threats. The Negeri Haruku indigenous peoples, sensitive to global environmental concerns, particularly climate change, recognize the importance of harmonizing human-nature relations through traditional practices passed down through generations. This article explores how the indigenous people of Negeri Haruku contribute to environmental conservation through their indigenous knowledge and how efforts to preserve this knowledge via the establishment of Sekolah Adat Kewang enhance human security. Data was collected from both primary and secondary sources, including interviews, journal articles, books, reports, and websites. Using the concepts of indigenous knowledge and human security, this article demonstrates that the local knowledge of the Negeri Haruku indigenous people has been preserved for future generations through Sekolah Adat Kewang. This institution not only preserves ancestral values but also serves as an educational platform to ensure the environmental security of the Negeri Haruku community. The concept of environmental security is implemented through customary environmental protection measures based on the principles of Sasi (customary law). These measures encompass various types of Sasi, including Sea Sasi, Forest Sasi, River Sasi, and Inland Sasi.
Peran Voluntary Sector Pada Kegiatan Filantropi Pancasila Dalam Mengembangkan Kompetensi Kewarganegaraan Komunitas Kelas Negarawan Muda
Authors: Fitriasari Susan , Kurniati Pat , Sapriya  , Darmawan Cecep
Published: July 2024

Strengthening Pancasila philanthropy through the voluntary sector to develop civic competence is carried out on the basis of how existing Pancasila education learning is not only textual learning but must be contextual and become meaningful learning. The role of the younger generation in philanthropic activities is needed, where their involvement can change the gap that occurs in society. The presence of a volunteer Turun Tangan Community has practiced social philanthropy by conducting an educational movement called Kelas Negarawan Muda (KNM) as an effort to develop its Civic Competence, but the educational movement or activity needs to be adjusted to the values of Pancasila. The method used in this study is a qualitative descriptive method in exploring and describing how to strengthen Pancasila philanthropy through the voluntary sector to develop civic competence. Strengthening Pancasila philanthropy in the era of globalization can have a positive impact on the voluntary sector in developing its citizenship competence, as done through a project called Kelas Negarawan Muda (KNM).
Analisis Kebutuhan Pembelajaran Beridiferensiasi Pada Mata Pelajaran Pendidikan Pancasila
Authors: Melandhany Mareta , Winarno  , Noventari Widya
Published: July 2024

The implementation of the Independent Curriculum moves schools with learning that is pro-student. SMA Al Islam 1 Surakarta is a driving school that implements the Independent Curriculum and seeks to implement differentiated learning. This study aims to analyze the learning needs of differentiated Pancasila education subjects at SMA Al Islam 1 Surakarta. This research is a descriptive research with a qualitative approach. Sources of research data include teachers of the Pancasila Education subject and students at SMA Al Islam 1 Surakarta. Data collection techniques with observation techniques, interviews, and documents. The qualitative data validity test was carried out by triangulation. Qualitative data analysis techniques with triangulation of sources and methods. The results of the study show an analysis of learning styles, using learning style data obtained from schools which are the results of measurements from the school in collaboration with the psychology team. Initial ability analysis showed that the results of the pre-test carried out by 73 students got an average score of 58.5. Analysis of the needs of the development of differentiated learning, the teacher has analyzed the needs and ensured the readiness of students. Meanwhile, students still have difficulties if the learning material is not explained in detail. Analysis of the needs for the development of teaching modules, the teacher arranges teaching modules according to the procedures and components of the teaching modules. The results of the document study show that there is a content component that is lacking.
Keterampilan Intelektual Warganegara: Studi Pada Peserta Didik SMKN 2 Tulung Agung
Authors: Rochmadi Nur Wahyu , Efendi Yuherni , Rochastuti Laras Ati
Published: July 2024

Human resource competency demands must have the ability to think critically, laterally and systemically, especially in the context of problem solving (critical-thinking and problem-solving skills). These competencies are in line with the intellectual skills capabilities as learning outcomes proposed by Gagne. Starting from this, research was carried out in the form of identifying the intellectual skills of citizens regarding the basis of the Indonesian state of Pancasila among students of SMKN 2 Tulung Agung. The aim research is to identify students' intellectual skills as Indonesian citizens. The research was conducted with a quantitative descriptive design. The focus is intellectual skills towards the foundation of the Indonesian state, Pancasila. The research instrument used was a test. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Research findings show that the intellectual skills of students at SMKN 2 Tulung Agung are in the medium category, with an average score of 70.897. The average intellectual skills score in the discrimination category was 75.329 (medium); the abstract concept category was 66,073 (medium); concrete concept category of 76.9878 (medium); rule category of 83.7439 (high); and the problems solving category was 52.3536 (low). Based on research findings, it is recommended to develop learning that focuses on increasing students' intellectual skills capabilities systematically, completely and continuously.
Profil Pelajar Pancasila: Internalisasinya Dalam Ekstrakurikuler Hizbul Wathan Di SMP Muhammadiyah 08 Batu
Authors: Wibowo Arif Prasetyo , Mansur M , Ayudini Ivanatasha Juwita
Published: July 2024

This research aims to (01) Find out the Profile of Pancasila Students at Junior High School 08 Batu, (02) Find out further analysis of the application or internalization of elements regarding the ancasila Student Profile in Hizbul Wathan activities at Junior High School 08 Batu, (03) Foind out the inhibiting factors and suporting factors in the process of internalizing the elements of strengthening the Pancasila Student profile in Hizbul Wathan activities at Junior High Schol Muhamamadiyah 08 Batu, (04) Knowing the solutions that can be implemented in dealing with the inhibiting factors that occur in the process of internalising the elements of strengthening the Creative Pancasila Student Profile in Hizbul Wathan at Junior High School Muhammadiyah 08 Batu rock. This research uses a qualitative approach with descriptive methods, with the aim of finding out and describing how the process of internalizing the elements of strengthening the Creative Pancasila Student Profile is implemented at Junior High School 08 Batu. Data Collection techniques through observation, interviews and documentation, and data validity techniques using data triangulation techniques. The result obtained from this research are that Junior High School 08 Batu is one of the driving schools for the Strengthening Pancasila Student Profile program which is implemented in the realm of intracurricular, extracurricular, school culture, and projects. The internalization of the Creative Pancasila Profile Elements in the Hizbul Wathan Extracurricular at Junior High School 08 Batu was instilled through several scouting activity programs such as pioneering, marching, rigging, and the creation of chants with the results of their implementation being carried out well.
On Strong Bounds for Trotter and Zeno Product Formulas with Bosonic Applications
Authors: Möbus Tim
Published: July 2024

The Trotter product formula and the quantum Zeno effect are both indispensable tools for constructing time-evolutions using experimentally feasible building blocks. In this work, we discuss assumptions under which quantitative bounds can be proven in the strong operator topology on Banach spaces and provide natural bosonic examples. Specially, we assume the existence of a continuously embedded Banach space, which relatively bounds the involved generators and creates an invariant subspace of the limiting semigroup with a stable restriction. The slightly stronger assumption of admissible subspaces is well-recognized in the realm of hyperbolic evolution systems (time-dependent semigroups), to which the results are extended. By assuming access to a hierarchy of continuously embedded Banach spaces, Suzuki-higher-order bounds can be demonstrated. In bosonic applications, these embedded Banach spaces naturally arise through the number operator, leading to a diverse set of examples encompassing notable instances such as the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck semigroup and multi-photon driven dissipation used in bosonic error correction.
Princípios psicanalíticos de transferências e suposições
Authors: Silva Filho Estanislau Alves da , Estevão Ivan Ramos
Published: July 2024

Como desmontar um conceito? Como tornar próprio um conceito? Isto é, fazê-lo servir a si, transformando-o nalgo de si – já que veio de fora-outrem. Bion disse da Grade que a que fez lhe serviu, mas que os outros que fizessem uma para si. Transferência. De Freud e além. Supõe-se que trate de vinculação, relação; supõe-se que possa ser concreto ou concretizar algo, por laço. Amor verdadeiro e falso laço? Cenário e encenação? Atuação conectante ou transposição de sentido? Como escrever um nome próprio numa carta endereçada a outro remetente? Assumir-se destinatário de um destino delimitado? Falar com as próprias palavras. Do Winnicott tinha a ideia de o jargão dar a falsa impressão de compreensão onde ela não existiria. Pedaços expelidos e forçados no outro adentro? No início era e é o verbo? Tudo apanhado no campo de centeio. Com seita, batida e imbatível: mesmo batendo-se muito, nunca se baterá a transferência, liquefeita que possa estar – querida verve de escolhos. Recifes transponíveis e intermináveis, para corrermos o máximo possível de modo a permanecer no mesmo lugar. Eis uma evolução que, transferencialmente, é um retrogresso muito especial. Há que marcar um ponto. E haveria que haver o novo. Fundamentos, Mundos e Fundos, capazes de orientar e pontuar muito do que caberia se dizer sobre o assunto: Princípios Psicanalíticos de Transferência e Suposição.
Finds of medieval coins in the context of the history of the Endirey
Authors: Pachkalov Alexander V. ,   Maxim Gorky Lite­rary Institute
Published: July 2024

The purpose of the article is to study the finds of coins of the Golden Horde from the environs of Endirey in the context of the medieval history of the settlement of Endirey. Research materials: Finds of coins from the vicinity of the village. Novelty of the research: Numismatic finds from the Endirey are published for the first time. The archaeology of Dagestan of the Golden Horde period remains largely a “white spot” to this day. Coin finds of the 14th–15th centuries made on the territory of Dagestan remain quite rare. In recent years, finds of a large number of Juchid coins from the end of the 14th to the first half of the 15th century became known for the first time at one of the archaeological sites in the vicinity of the village of Endirey, Dagestan. A hoard of silver coins of the Golden Horde of the early 15th century was also discovered. The author managed to get acquainted with some of the individual finds of coins. A number of medieval archaeological sites are known in the vicinity of the village. Archaeologically, the surroundings of the village have been poorly investigated and the monuments themselves have not been dated accurately enough. Judging by the coin finds that have become known, the Golden Horde city, located in the vicinity of Endirey, played an important economic role in the Caucasus in the 14th–15th centuries. Apparently, trade routes that led from mountainous area of Chechnya to the Caspian Sea and from the Volga Delta to Chechnya intersected here. It is possible that silver Golden Horde coins were minted in the city.
Tatars on the military service to the Ottoman sultans
Authors: Seidametov Eldar Kh. ,   Marjani Institute of History of the Tatarstan Academy of Sciences, Sheykhumerov Amet-han A. ,   Independent Researcher
Published: July 2024

Research Objectives: Studying the contributions of the Crimean and Nogai Tatars to the military efforts of the Ottoman state from the moment that the Crimean Khanate fell under the Turkish protectorate until the mid-19th century. Research materials. The article is based on an analysis of sources and rich historiographical material, the works of domestic and foreign scientists on the topic of research. Results and Novelty of the Research: An analysis of sources and historiography shows that over the centuries, thousands of Tatars (Crimean, Nogai, Kazan) fought in the ranks of the Ottoman army. The participation of the troops of the Crimean Khanate significantly strengthened the capabilities of the Sultan’s armies. After the joining of Crimea in 1783, thousands of Crimean and Nogai Tatars left the territory of the Khanate and continued to fight against Russia. In 1787, the Ottoman authorities proclaimed the revival of the Crimean Khanate. The armed forces of the Girays fought against the Russians and Austrians in the Russo-Turkish War of 1787–1791. After the war of 1787–1791, despite the liquidation of the Khanate, the Ottoman government continued to actively involve Tatars in military service. The Tatar cavalry fought on the side of the Sultan in the Russian-Turkish wars of 1806–1812 and 1828–1829. Military personnel of the Dobruja Tatar Regiment took part in a number of key events in the Turkish military history of the 19th century. During the Crimean War (1853–1856), the combined forces of British, French and Turkish troops landed in Crimea. The allies, at the same time, used the help from the Crimean Tatar population. Later, Crimean Tatars also participated in Turkish wars, such as the Russo-Turkish War of 1877–1878 and World War I (1914–1918).
Crimean imperial “Project” in the 1st third of the 16th century: a “window of opportunity” opened and closed
Authors: Penskoy Vitaly V. ,   Belgorod State National Research University, Penskaya Tatyana M. ,   Belgorod State National Research University
Published: July 2024

The purpose of the study: To analyze the development of political relations in Eastern Europe during the 16th century, to identify and characterize the main and most notable features of the evolution of the Eastern European political system at that time, to identify the main trends and periods in this process and the factors that determined its course and direction. Research materials: The messages from chronicles, diplomatic documentation (primarily embassy books and correspondence), historical materials, and interpretations contained in historical research. Results and scientific novelty of the study: In domestic historiography, it is traditional to consider interstate relations in Eastern Europe in the “long 16th century” mainly in pairs Moscow-Bakhchisaray, Moscow-Vilno, and Vilno-Bakhchisaray. Only rarely are these relationships presented as a system. However, studying these relations precisely as an integral political system, as a kind of “Great Game,” allows us to look at these events from a different perspective. In this “game”, each of its participants in this “trio” sought to implement imperial projects facing the past. Bakhchisarai wanted to restore the Horde empire under its auspices, Moscow sought to regain the “legacy of Yaroslav the Wise,” and Lithuania wanted to preserve what was left of the “legacy of Vytautas.” Analysis of documents and materials allows us to assert that in its development, this “Great Game” went through three stages: first half of the 1500s to 1523; late 1530s to early 1550s; and second half of 1550s to the late 1570s. This division is determined by the “windows of opportunity” that opened up for Bakhchisarai on the way to realizing its imperial plan. Why is Crimea taken as a starting point? The authors proceed from the fact that if it was successful, the political situation in the region would radically change since the universalist claims of the Crimean “kings” did not leave room for preserving any significant political subjectivity of the other two members of the “trio.” But the implementation of the Crimean imperial plan met with resistance from Moscow which wanted to implement its own similar project. For 1506–1523, this is the first round of this confrontation, which will be discussed in this article. During these years, the Crimean Gireys came close to their dream, but the imperial burden turned out to be prohibitively large for them. The first attempt to take on this weight ended in collapse and the temporary withdrawal of the Crimean Khanate from among the active participants in the “Great Game” in Eastern Europe.
Titulation of the shamkhals and karachi-beks as a heritage of the Golden Horde’s political structure in the Eastern Caucasus
Authors: Shikhaliev Shamil Sh. ,   Institute of History, Archaeology, and Ethnography of the Dagestan Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Shumkin Arseniy V. ,   Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration
Published: July 2024

The article is dedicated to the issues of political and ethnic history of Shamkhalate, revising the range of sources, shedding light on the history of this political entity, and the formation of its social institutions under the influence of the Golden Horde and the Crimean Khanate. Research Materials: New, previously unpublished Arabic-script sources from private and state manuscript collections in Daghestan. Results and Novelty of the Research: The authors delve into the socio-political evolution of Shamkhalate within the broader context of interconnected societies. This interdisciplinary framework yields novel perspectives on Shamkhalate’s polytonymous nature, its structural underpinnings, historical genesis, and its intricate relations with entities such as the Golden Horde and its successors. Furthermore, the study sheds light on the complex ethnic dynamics inherent within Shamkhalate. Ultimately, the findings challenge the notion of Shamkhalate’s development in isolation, highlighting its profound entanglement with the hegemonic influences of Genghisid states such as the Golden Horde, Hulaguid power, and the Crimean Khanate. Moreover, the study underscores the continuity of administrative traditions within Shamkhalate, echoing practices established following the collapse of the Golden Horde in the mid-15th century.
Kazakh khans of the 15th–17th centuries in the scientific heritage of Shigabutdin Marjani
Authors: Atygayev Nurlan A. ,   Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University
Published: July 2024

Research objectives: The consideration of information about the Kazakh khans of the 15th–17th centuries, contained in the scientific heritage of Shihabutdin Marjani. Research materials: Sh. Marjani’s works, medieval written historical sources, and historical scientific literature on the history of the Kazakh Khanate of the 15th–17th centuries. Results and scientific novelty: As a result of studying the works of Shigabutdin Marjani, it was found that in his works, “Mustafad al-akhbar” and “Wafiyat al-aslaf wa tahiyat al-akhlaf,” there is little material about the Kazakh khans of the 15th–17th centuries, starting with the founders of this Juchid state, Kerey and Zhanibek to Tauke-khan, son of Zhangir-khan, the last ruler of the unified Kazakh Khanate. It is established that the main sources for his work were the studies of such historians of the previous period as A.I. Levshin, V.V. Velyaminov-Zernov, as well as famous historical works by Muslim authors of the Middle Ages, written in Persian and Turkic languages. Among these historical works, it is possible to mention “Tarikh-i Rashidi” by Mirza Muhammad Haidar Duglat, “Jami at-tavarih” by Kadir-Ali-bek (Kadirgali-bek Kosumuly), and “Shajara-yi Turk” by Abu-l-Gazi-khan. Attention is drawn to the fact that in his works, Marjani uses terminology that differs from the terminology adopted in Russian literature of that time. This is explained by the fact that he was a representative of the Muslim world and wrote his works for the Muslims. Therefore, unlike other Russian historians of the 19th century, he writes “Kyrgyz”, and uses the authentic name of the nation “Kazakh” that was accepted among Muslim nations. Marjani uses the term “Kazakhstan” to denote the possessions of Kazakh khans, something which is found in some works of Muslim authors of the Middle Ages. He also uses Turkic names (Ulu[g] yuz, Orta yuz, Kichi yuz) to denote the Kazakh yuzs. In general, the scientific works of Sh. Marjani are of interest to the historical science of Kazakhstan as they contain information on the history of the Kazakh Khanate and its rulers. The scientific novelty of the study is that in this work, for the first time, the information about the Kazakh khans of the 15th–17th centuries, which are contained in the scientific works of Marjani, are highlighted and some errors in their translations into Russian are revealed.
Acetyl-L-carnitine diminishes the effects of chronic ethanol-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress in the cortex of rat brain
Authors: ER Hakan , GORGULU Merve , GEMICI SINEN Ayşegül , ERCAN KELEK Sevim , SATI Leyla
Published: July 2024

Chronic alcohol consumption is one of the most important problems of our time. Many diseases, such as liver diseases and infectious diseases, are seen in humans due to chronic alcohol consumption. Acetyl-L-carnitine (ALCAR), an antioxidant molecule, has been found to be neuroprotective. Accordingly, this study investigated the effect of ALCAR on endoplasmic reticulum stress in the rat cerebral cortex in a chronic alcoholism model. Four groups consisting of 10 three-month-old albino Wistar rats were randomly created. The groups were designated as control (C), chronic ethanol (EtOH), acetyl-L-carnitine (ALCAR), and chronic ethanol+ALCAR (EtOH+ALCAR). During a 4-week period, the rats were given either distilled water, ethanol, ALCAR, or a combination of ethanol and ALCAR orally. After a duration of 4 weeks, the animals were euthanized, and the entire brain tissues were removed and preserved in formalin fixative for further embedding in paraffin. Endoplasmic reticulum stress-related proteins (GRP78, CHOP, and XBP1) were analyzed by the immunohistochemical method in rat brain cortex sections. Our results showed that GRP78, CHOP, and XBP1 expressions increased in the EtOH group compared to the control group, whereas they decreased in the EtOH+ALCAR group compared to the EtOH group. In conclusion, our study showed that ALCAR administration decreased the increase in ER stress caused by chronic ethanol exposure. Accordingly, ALCAR supplementation may be beneficial for ER stress-related diseases.
THE EFFECT OF GOOD CORPORATE GOVERNANCE, SALES GROWTH, AND CAPITAL INTENSITY ON TAX AVOIDANCE IN MANUFACTURING COMPANIES LISTED ON THE INDONESIA STOCK EXCHANGE (IDX) IN 2019-2021
Authors: Tutupoho Mutmaina , Abdul Hadi Sirat  , Fadli Ali Taslim
Published: July 2024

This study aims to assist investors in providing an overview of the factors that can influence tax evasion by analyzing the Influence of Good Corporate Governance, Sales Growth and Capital Intensity on Tax Avoidance in Manufacturing Companies Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for 2019-2021. Good Corporate Governance, Sales Growth and Capital Intensity are used as independent variables and Tax Avoidance as the dependent variable. This study used a purposive sampling technique with a sample of 88 manufacturing companies that met the research criteria for the 2019-2021 period from a population of 193 companies. This study used Multiple Linear Regression Analysis to test the hypothesis. The results of this study indicate that partially Good Corporate Governance, Sales Growth and Capital Intensity significantly influence Tax Avoidance, and simultaneous hypothesis testing shows that Good Corporate Governance, Sales Growth and Capital Intensity significantly influence Tax Avoidance together.
THE EFFECT OF SHARIA COMPLIANCE, SERVICE QUALITY, PRODUCT QUALITY, AND ELECTRONIC WORD OF MOUTH ON CUSTOMER DECISIONS TO USE WADIAH PRODUCTS AT INDONESIAN SHARIA BANK (A CASE STUDY OF BSI AMBOKEMBANG BRANCH OFFICE)
Authors: Rizkiana Rosita , Drajat Stiawan
Published: July 2024

The aim of the research is to determine the effect of sharia compliance, service quality, product quality, and electronic word of mouth on customers' decisions to use Wadiah at BSI Ambombang products. This research was field research with a descriptive quantitative approach. Data were obtained by distributing questionnaires to customers who use Wadiah products. The sampling technique was purposive sampling, which obtained 97 respondents. The data analysis techniques used instrument tests, classical assumption tests, multiple linear regression analysis, hypothesis testing, and coefficient of determination tests. The results show that the service quality, product quality, electronic word of mouth variable have a positive and significant influence on the customer's decision and the sharia compliance variable has a negative and significant effect on customers' decisions.
THE INFLUENCE OF LITERACY FINANCE AND FINANCIAL TECHNOLOGY ON INCLUSION FINANCE FOR SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISE (SMEs) ACTORS IN TERNATE CITY
Authors: Adinda Iskandar  , Abdul Hadi Sirat  , Muhsin N. Bailusy
Published: July 2024

This research aims to analyze the role of financial literacy and financial technology on the financial inclusion of SMEs in Ternate. By applying a purposive sampling method, the number of samples used in this research were 50 SMEs engaged in the food industry. This research was carried out by using data analysis assisted by SPSS 25 software. The results of the research show that: (1) financial literacy has a significant effect on the financial inclusion of SMEs in Ternate City, meaning that the better the financial literacy implemented, the more financial inclusion behavior it will get better in certain businesses; (2) financial technology has a significant effect on the financial inclusion of SMEs in Ternate City. Financial literacy aids individuals in developing skills for managing personal finances. A thorough comprehension of budget creation, expense control, and savings can enhance a person's financial wellness. Financial literacy reduces financial uncertainty by providing knowledge about risks and ways to manage them. Additionally, fintech, or financial technology, contributes significantly to increasing financial inclusion.
THE INFLUENCE OF COMPETENCE ON EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE WITH MEDIATION OF JOB SATISFACTION AND ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT
Authors: Janah Indah Roikhatul , Racmansyah Yanuar , Sutanto Himawan Arif
Published: July 2024

Human resources (HR) are one of an organization's most important assets that contribute to the success and growth of an organization. The aim of this research is to analyze the influence of competency, job satisfaction and organizational commitment on employee performance, the mediating role of organizational commitment and job satisfaction on the relationship between competency and employee performance. The object of this research was the Tegal Regency Investment and One-Stop Integrated Services Service (DPMPTSP). The sampling technique was carried out with a saturated sample of 43 people. SEM-PLS analysis was used to analyze data using SmartPLS. The research results show that competency and organizational commitment have a positive and significant effect on employee performance. Competency has a positive and significant effect on job satisfaction and organizational commitment. Meanwhile, job satisfaction has no effect on employee performance. Organizational commitment is able to act as a mediator in the relationship between competency and employee performance. Employees who have good competence feel more confident and feel successful in doing their work so that they can increase positive feelings towards their organization which encourages increased organizational commitment through maximum effort in doing their work. However, job satisfaction is not able to mediate the relationship between competency and employee performance. If employee satisfaction is lacking, it can result in employees being less enthusiastic about doing their work.
Prolonged labour as a driver of the ”caesarean section pandemic”: A criterion-based audit of caesarean sections in the five highest volume maternity units in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
Authors: Kujabi Monica Lauridsen , Housseine Natasha , Hansen Sarah , D’mello Brenda Sequeira , Meyrowitsch Dan , Konradsen Flemming , Jensen Andreas , Kidanto Hussein , maaloe nanna , Akker Thomas van den , Kabanda Idrissa , Msumi Rukia Juma , Maembe Luzango , Mtingele Sangalala , Manyanga Hudson , Macha Anna
Published: July 2024

Objective: To estimate the proportion of caesarean sections (CS) not
meeting audit criteria for prolonged labour. Design: Cross-sectional.
Setting: Five urban maternity units in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Population: Women giving birth by CS with an indication of prolonged
labour, from October 1 st, 2021 to August 31
st, 2022. Exclusion criteria: referral to the study
sites because of prolonged labour or cervical dilatation >6
cm upon admission; non-cephalic presentation; multiple pregnancy;
intrauterine fetal death; failed induction; previous CS; or other
reasons for CS. Methods: Criterion-based audit of CS case files with an
indication of prolonged labour. Main Outcome Measure : CSs in women with
uncomplicated labour progress. Results: Overall CS rate was 32%
(2949/9364) and 746/1517 (47.9%) of first-time CSs were performed
because of prolonged labour. Out of these, 456 met inclusion criteria
and 243/456 (53.3%) CSs were in uncomplicated labour: 1) women not
being given a trial of labour (78/243, 32.1%); 2) women in first stage
of active labour not crossing the partograph action line (145/243,
59.7%); and 3) women in second stage less than 1 hour (20/243 8.2%).
Conclusion: Almost half of CS in the unscarred uterus were because of
prolonged labour and many did not meet audit criteria for prolonged
labour. Crowded hospitals and inadequate monitoring may have prompted
defensive decision-making. Unconducive labour wards may, therefore,
indirectly drive the CS epidemic while clinical guidelines for CS
decision-making remain scarce.
Exploring Factors Shaping Resilience in Maritime Supply Chains and Their Effects on Supply Chain Customer Value: Insights from the Pharmaceutical Sector
Authors: Zohaib Shahrukh , lnam Asif , Muhammad Atiya Jan
Published: July 2024

Because of the existing risks, studying the maritime supply chain (MSC) is a complicated task. The interdependence of the global Supply Chain (SC) on other channel members makes it vulnerable to disruption. This research signifies the determinants such as improved Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Strategic Alliance (SA), and its effect on SC customer value within the context of the pharma industry. A structured questionnaire based on a five-point Likert scale was used to obtain responses from 98 participants. PLS-SEM was deployed as a research technique to evaluate the proposed research model. The findings indicate that the determinants such as sophisticated ICT and SA possess a considerable beneficial effect on SC resilience, which further affects MSC customer value substantially. The findings provide practitioners with useful implications to cope with uncertainties, increasing pharmaceutical SC customer value and benefiting patients and hospital pharmacies by facilitating on-time delivery of prescriptions and drugs.