bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Decline of the Umayyad Caliphate in Andalus Based on Ibn Khaldun’s Theory
Authors: Abdullah Suhaila , Mohd Talib Nurliyana
Published: October 2018

This inquiry examines the downfall of the Umayyad Caliphate in Cordoba, Andalus (Spain), in 1031 CE, which signaled the end of almost three centuries of Umayyad dominance in the region under Islamic governance. The primary objective of this study is to scrutinize the factors contributing to the demise of the Umayyad Caliphate in Andalus, drawing upon the insights presented by Ibn Khaldun. Employing a qualitative research approach, the study utilized content analysis methodology to examine pertinent documents and additional written sources. The findings of this research, as per Ibn Khaldun’s theories, identified critical elements that precipitated the collapse of the Umayyad government. These included a failed state, political disintegration, severe financial crises stemming from the erosion of social solidarity, a decline in the sense of belonging (‘asabiyyah), instances of injustice and tyranny, a culture of opulence, and weakened religious adherence. Ultimately, the populace of Andalus withdrew their support for the Umayyad Caliphate, leading to a diminishing sense of social solidarity. Consequently, the Islamic civilization in Andalus underwent a gradual decline, culminating in its destruction by external forces.
A Critical Assessment of Heinz Halm’s Views on the Fatimid Caliph of Egypt al-Hākim bi-Amr Allāh
Authors: Ansari Raziyeh , Chelongar Mohamad Ali
Published: October 2018

Al-Hākim bi-Amr Allāh (reign 996–1021), the sixth Fatimid caliph in North Africa, is one of the most controversial characters in the history of Islam, who has engendered different and sometimes conflicting views of historians. Adopting a descriptive–analytical method, the present study aimed to assess the views of Heinz Halm, the contemporary Ismaili era researcher, on al-Hākim. Although al-Hākim has gone down the history as a brutal, wicked-minded man, Halm in The Fatimids and Their Traditions of Learning (1997) refers to al-Hākim as a highly-respected person among Egyptians, as a person who had a stable character with consistency in religious policies. Moreover, Halm depicts al-Hākim as totally opposed to the Druze who emerged, as a religious sect, with a belief in al-Hākim’s divinity. The results of the study showed that Halm, drawing eclectically on historical sources, reports, and statements to depict al-Hākim’s character as justified and sound, had foregrounded, marginalized, and eliminated historical data about al-Hākim.
Performative Well-Being: Conditions of Sharing
Authors: Alexander Komlosi
Published: September 2018

Since Ruukku 8 has asked us to consider “conditions of sharing”, it seems apt, and interesting, to start this exposition about the conditions of sharing of performative well-being through a dialogue with the conditions of sharing that the Ruukku 8 editors, Mika, Tero, and Leena, have offered us. Here we go!
Various Writings: Chapter One
Authors: Dion Star  , Lizzie Ridout  , Maria Christoforidou
Published: September 2018

VARIOUS WRITINGS: CHAPTER I
There are rumours that writing will cease, books will die, the digital eye will take over. Standing at the edge of this precipice we look away from these preoccupations. Instead we look back, investigating the act of writing through systematic consideration, attempting to disregard all preconceptions. This exposition focuses on the gestural and uses Vilém Flusser’s concept of ‘pseudo writing’, to analyse the interaction between the physical actions and the technologies of writing.
The first act of Various Writings’ was a response to Vilém Flusser’s text The Gesture of Writing. This text radicalised our ideas on what constitutes research and thematised the conditions of sharing in ‘other’ terms. Flusser meticulously disassembles the act of writing. We follow in his footsteps, using personal mythologies, Oulipian constraints / translations, taxonomies and non-verbal conversations as implements to excavate relics of writing. We collect codes, tools, surfaces; test writing against various technologies and translate it into movements, attitudes and objects.
Exhibition Intra-Actions: Experiences, Identities, and Texts in the Making
Authors: Katve-Kaisa Kontturi  , Zuzana Štefková  , Helena Grande Vicente
Published: September 2018

This co-authored exposition studies three different art exhibitions as complex phenomena by focusing on how exhibitions happen, are in the making. Based on participatory experience, 'Exhibition Intra-Actions' offers insights to the agential capacities of the exhibition space and art ‘object’ in situations as varied as understanding and experiencing post-internet art, curating a geopolitically sensitive exhibition, and writing a wall text while exhibition is in the making.
Environmental forms, from a theoretical perspective to concrete case studies in urban planning
Authors: Nathalie Blanc  , Frédéric Barbe
Published: September 2018

Intersecting Environmental Humanities (HE) and the New Materialism (NM), this article proposes a specific approach to forms, metamorphoses, and uncertain futures. We favour an approach incorporating aesthetic dimensions, as well as theories from the NM, to propose the conceptual expression of “environmental forms”, in order to renew the often techno-centric environmental analysis and research in the field of humanities and social sciences. We intend to focus on the process of “environmentalization”, considered distinct from a usual definition of humanity as ontologically separate from other living beings, and ascribed in a traditional opposition between nature and culture. This process of creating environments means to build a system that unites the stakeholders with variations in time and space.

In the first section, we will discuss the question of forms, whose history is strongly associated with the history of art and aesthetics (Goethe Kant, etc.). Secondly, we will try to highlight the contributions of Karen Barad’s theories on intra-agentivity regarding the issue of environmental forms. In a last section, we will highlight how spontaneous environmental forms such as community gardens, or animals in cities, as well as contemporary “green” urban planning is a way to take into account environmental forms as a way to co-produce “natureculture” in cities.
A flexible nonlinear inference to Okun’s law for Turkish economy in the last decade
Authors: Arabaci Özer , Arabaci Rabihan
Published: October 2018

The study applies the flexible nonlinear inference approach of James D. Hamilton (2001) to investigate the relationship between cyclical components of unemployment and output in the Turkish economy where the unemployment rate remains at double digits despite the relatively stable economic environment over the last decade. The paper shows that economic expansion and contraction terms have an asymmetric effect on cyclical unemployment in Turkey. Moreover, the study identifies a specific range for the output gap level at which jobless growth pattern occurs in the Turkish economy. According to our findings, contrary to standard literature, cyclical component of unemployment does not decrease even though cyclical component of output is positive and increases in the middle stages of the upswing phase of the economy. This result may also indicate that the employers are reluctant to extend employment and alter into informalization for reasons such as over-valued domestic currency, surplus labour force and/or any rigid regulatory frameworks in the middle stages of the expansion phase of the economy. However, they become eager to expand employment and renounce informalization only after a certain rate of economic growth is achieved.
corpo na autoconsciência:
Authors: ALMADA LEONARDO , Otávio de Sousa Mesquita Luiz
Published: September 2018

Nesse paper, buscamos analisar algumas questões que concernem às relações entre autoconsciência e corporeidade a partir da discussão de duas questões gerais: (i) no âmbito da tese da autoconsciência substantiva, a discussão sobre (a) a representação de objetos, de outras pessoas e de si mesmo, e sobre o (b) o papel do ambiente na constituição do self; (ii) no âmbito da concepção de senciência corporal, a discussão sobre (a) o papel dos sentidos de ‘propriocepção’ na constituição de si, (b) representações do corpo, e, por fim, o tema da (c) fenomenologia do conteúdo espacial.
Amor sexual e amor compassivo em Schopenhauer
Authors: Da Silva Luan Corrêa
Published: September 2018

O objetivo deste artigo é o de defender a conexão entre amor sexual e amor compassivo na filosofia de Schopenhauer. Em um primeiro momento, Schopenhauer opõe amor sexual e compaixão, afirma que o primeiro é amor próprio, portanto egoísmo, enquanto o segundo é amor puro genuíno, visa o bem-estar alheio. A oposição inicial entre amor sexual e compaixão diz respeito à oposição fundamental entre compaixão e egoísmo, mas não contempla suficientemente a verdadeira finalidade do amor sexual. Do ponto de vista metafísico, o amor sexual é compassivo, visa o interesse da espécie, que prevalece diante dos interesses individuais.
GENERAL SCALARIZATION METHOD OF DYNAMIC ELASTIC FIELDS IN TRANSVERSALLY ISOTROPIC MEDIA AND ITS NEW APPLICATIONS
Authors: Miroshnichenko I. P. , Sizov V. P.
Published: October 2018

Introduction. An efficient technique of tensor field scalarization  is  successfully  used  while  investigating  tensor  elastic fields of displacements, stresses and deformations in the layered structures of different materials, including transversally isotropic composites. These fields can be expressed through the scalar potentials corresponding to the quasi-longitudinal, quasi-transverse, and transverse-only waves. Such scalarization is possible if the objects under consideration are tensors relating to  the subgroup  of general coordinate conversions, when the local affine basis has one invariant vector that coincides with the material symmetry axis of the material. At this, the known papers consider structures where this vector coincides with the normal to the boundary between layers. However, other cases of the mutual arrangement of the material symmetry axis of the  material  and  the boundaries between layers are of interest on the practical side.

Materials and Methods. The work objective is further development of the scalarization method application in the boundary value problems of the dynamic  elasticity theory for the cases of an arbitrary arrangement of the material symmetry axis relative to the boundary between layers. The present research and methodological apparatus are developed through the general technique of scalarization of the dynamic elastic fields of displacements, stresses and strains in the transversally isotropic media.

Research Results. New design ratios for the determination of the displacement fields, stresses and deformations in the transversally isotropic media are obtained for the cases of an arbitrary arrangement of the material symmetry axes of the layer materials with respect to the boundaries between layers. Discussion and Conclusions. The present research and methodological apparatus are successfully used in determining the stress-strain  state  in  the  layered  structures  of  transversally isotropic materials, and in analyzing the diagnosis results of the state of the plane-layered and layered cylindrical structures under operation.
EFFECT OF SAWDUST VOLUME ON MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL
Authors: Dyachenko A. G. , Savostina T. P. , Saed B. I.
Published: October 2018

Introduction. Generation of composite materials with addition of sawdust is considered. The wood component of the composites is treated with water to enhance the surface roughness. This increases the contact area resulting in intensifying the sawdust – polymer fibers interaction. The work objective is to study the possibility of strengthening composites obtained from sawdust.

Materials and Methods. Samples are made of composite materials based on the unsaturated polyester resins, reinforced with wood chips. Water treatment was carried out at room temperature for 2, 4, 6 and 8 days. Then the samples were tested for bending and compression.

Research Results. As a result of testing the samples, changes in their  mechanical  properties  were  recorded.  It  is  determined how the bending and compression resistance depends on the water treatment time. Graphs that reflect these dependences are constructed.

Discussion and Conclusions. After water treatment, the composites reinforced with sawdust show a higher resistance to bending. This is due to the increased roughness of the sawdust surface and, as a consequence, to the extension of the surface area adhesion with the composite base. Besides, the water treatment enhances the specimen resistance under compression. The samples created on the basis of large sawdust come into particular prominence. This is due to the formation of holes on the sawdust surface which also enhances the adhesion between them and the composite polymer base.
SELECTING SAFETY PACKAGE COMPONENTS OF ENTERPRISE INFORMATION SYSTEM FOLLOWING REQUIREMENTS OF STANDARD LEGAL DOCUMENTS
Authors: Vitenburg E. A. , Levtsova A. A.
Published: October 2018

Introduction. Production processes quality depends largely on the management infrastructure, in particular, on the information system (IS) effectiveness. Company management pays increasingly greater attention to the safety protection of this sphere. Financial, material and other resources are regularly channeled to its support. In the presented paper, some issues on the development of a safety enterprise information system are considered.

Materials and Methods. Protection of the enterprise IS considers some specific aspects of the object, and immediate threats to IT security. Within the framework of this study, it is accepted that IS are a complex of data resources. A special analysis is resulted in determining categories of threats to the enterprise information security: hacking; leakage; distortion; loss; blocking; abuse. The connection of these threats, IS components and elements of the protection system is identified.  The requirements of normative legal acts of the Russian Federation and international standards regulating this sphere are considered. It is shown how the analysis results enable to validate the selection of the elements of the IS protection system.

Research Results. A comparative analysis of the regulatory literature pertinent to this issue highlights the following. Different documents offer a different set of elements (subsystems) of the enterprise IS protection system. To develop an IS protection program, you should be guided by the FSTEC Order No. 239 and 800-82 Revision 2 Guide to ICS Security.

Discussion and Conclusions. The presented research results are the basis for the formation of the software package of intellectual support for decision-making under designing an enterprise information security system. In particular, it is possible to develop flexible systems that allow expanding the composition  of the components (subsystems).
The basic modes of reality of the artistic worldview in painting
Authors: Klimova Olga Mikhaylovna ,   Ryazan State University
Published: October 2018

The purpose of the study is to analyze the artistic worldview. In the context of the original model, the research substantiates the interdependence of the principles and approaches to dealing with the concept-based image that converts the real objects and phenomena into signs and symbols. It is argued that the objects and phenomena are transformed into the artistic concept-based image and further the artistic symbolic image by means of the artistic language. The author proposes to consider the main object-oriented means of painting through the structured sets of color combinations and colorful surface textures. The research argues that the facts and aspects of the existence of nature, human, society and culture can be represented in the physioplastic and ideoplastic terms. The author concludes that the basic modes of the artistic worldview in painting are represented by means of similar images, metaphoric images, personified images, allusive images, abstract images and symbolic images reflecting the external dimension of existence in their visual subjective status and the internal dimension of existence in the emotional and sensitive as well as the epistemological development.
Virtual Machine Selection Algorithm Based on User Requirements in Mobile Cloud Computing Environment
Authors: Alakbarov Rashid
Published: October 2018

The article analyzes the advantages of mobile cloud technologies and problems emerging during the use of those. The network infrastructure created based on cloudlets at the second level of mobile cloud computing with hierarchical structure is analyzed. At the same time, the article explores the issues of satisfaction of demand of mobile equipment for computing and memory resources by using these technologies. The article presents one solution for the allocation of mobile user requests in virtual machines created in cloudlets located near base stations of wireless metropolitan area networks (WMAN) in a balanced way by considering the technical capacity of those. Alongside, the article considers the solution of user problem during designated time and the issue of determining virtual machines satisfying other requirements. For this purpose, different characteristics of the stated problem, virtual machines, as well as communication channels between a user and virtual machines are considered. By using possible values determining the importance of cloudlets, conditions for loading software applications of a user to a virtual machine are explored and an appropriate method is proposed.
Comparison of Sunn Pest Damage and Genotypic Differences in Bread Wheat Varieties by SDS-Page Analysis
Authors: Ismet Baser , S. Akyürek
Published: October 2018

The research was carried out in five different locations in 2010 and 2011 years under in the ecological conditions of Hayrabolu, Malkara, Suleymanpasa, sarköy and Saray district. Twenty-three bread wheat varieties were used as material in the study. the study carried out in the same area was made up of 2 different growing conditions, namely field conditions and a covered area covered with sunlight. The sunn pest damage rates in wheat varieties grown in the open area were ranged from of 6.0. to 0.10 %.  The sunn pest damage rates in bread wheat varieties grown in closing area was changed between 10.37 to 23.17% with a significant increase. the average of the highest sunn pest damage in two years was observed the numbered 15, 10, 1, 11 and 16 cultivars, while the lowest values was obtained form 4, 13, 8 and 3 varieties According to the SDS-PAGE analysis in order to determine the genotypic differences of bread wheat varieties, protein band number in bread wheat varieties was ranged from 17 to 21, the density and molecular weight of protein bands were significant differences among the varieties. Protein bands are distributed predominantly in the omega region while in the gamma and beta regions a small number of bands were observed. There are no bands in bread wheat varieties in the alpha region.
A Revision of the Methodology Used for Oral Expositions
Authors: Hernández-Guerra Conchi
Published: October 2018

Oral expositions in English for foreign students are probably the most difficult activity they can deliver. Lack of practice and fluency, English level and self-awareness in the task make them feel nervous and stacked in many occasions. But, on the other hand, this is a necessary skill in the development of any degree or for future situations they may face in working environments. Added to this, teachers at high schools do as much as they can taking into account the working conditions: high ratio and few hours. The oral practice is time-consuming and students still do not see the importance of the task and feel more embarrassed than at University. The aim of this paper is to do some research on the preparation and delivery of an oral exposition. The exercise finishes with a survey offered to the students of the first year in the degree of Modern Languages at the University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria. We can conclude that only pages on the net were checked in the preparation of the task and hardly the library of the Faculty; in the analysis of the exposition itself, they agree that they could do much better if they had practiced more often. Some proposals are offered in the conclusions.
Functional Heads in the Dholuo Determiner Phrase
Authors: Agalo Jerry , Midigo Jackton Otieno
Published: October 2018

This paper focuses on functional heads existing in a Dholuo DP. The notion of functional heads in the extended Projection of the CP (Complementizer Phrase) has led to a new approach in the analysis of projections in syntactic theory. The objective was to identify the functional elements in the Dholuo DP, analyze the functional elements and explain their occurrence. The study used Government and Binding theory which enables us to analyze the functional heads. The study also used descriptive research design to analyze collected data. The data was collected from 40 informants aged 35 years to 50 years; which was a sample from population of Dholuo speakers living in Homa Bay County around Lake Victoria. Data collected had sentences with Dholuo DPs. The study found eleven elements commonly occurring in Dholuo DP. These elements form the structure of Dholuo DP and can be categorized as lexical and functional heads. The lexical elements identified in the Dholuo DPs are: Nouns, Adjectives, prepositional phrases and genitive phrases. The functional elements identified included: Pronouns, article affixes, demonstratives, possessives, quantifiers, numerals, and relative clauses. In Dholuo, genitive phrases have prepositions acting as possessives. Relative clauses on the other hand, contain relative word, verb, pronoun, preposition and demonstratives.
Synthesis, structure and magnetic characterization of orthoferrite LaFeO3 nanoparticles
Authors: Abbas Yehia Mohammed , Ali Shehab Esmail Mohammed , Mansour Ahmed Bakry , Abdel-Hamid Ahmed Hassan Ibrahim
Published: October 2018

Single-phase lanthanum orthoferrite (LaFeO3) was prepared by an auto-combustion method. The analysis of synchrotron room temperature X-ray diffraction (XRD) data confirmed the orthorhombic LaFeO3 perovskite of space group Pnma without any impurity phase. The Scherrer's formula and Williamson-Hall plot based on XRD data were employed to estimate the crystallite size of the prepared sample. For a deeper insight into the crystal structure, high-resolution transmission microscopy imaging (HRTEM) was performed. The estimated values of crystallite size from HRTEM and synchrotron XRD data were coincident. The HRTEM images confirmed the polycrystalline nature of the prepared sample through the obvious lattice planes which are related to (121) plane. Furthermore, the M(H) hysteresis loop of the investigated sample was characterized by a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The magnetic properties obtained through analyzing the magnetization versus temperature M(T) and magnetization versus magnetic field M(H) curves indicated that LaFeO3 possessed weak ferromagnetism at room temperature.
The Mularz Paradox—Relativistic discrepancies in the resistivity of cylindrical electrical conductors travelling at near light-speed—a thought experiment.
Authors: Mularz Stephen
Published: October 2018

Most of us are familiar with Einstein’s now-famous relativistic thought experiments—his stationary-versus-moving ‘light clock’ and the interstellar twin astronauts aging at different rates especially stand out.[1]  In this simple thought experiment the author wishes to propose a heretofore unrecognized set of relativity paradoxes involving the predicted electrical resistivity of long cylindrical conductors when moving at or near light-speed.
Clinical trial of adjunctive autologous platelet-rich plasma treatment following diamond-burr debridement for spontaneous chronic corneal epithelial defects in dogs
Authors: Edelmann Michele L. , Mohammed Hussni O. , Wakshlag Joseph J. , Ledbetter Eric C.
Published: October 2018

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effects of adjunctive treatment with autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on corneal reepithelialization, vascularization, and fibrosis in dogs with spontaneous chronic corneal epithelial defects (SCCEDs).

DESIGN Randomized, controlled, double-masked clinical trial.

ANIMALS 40 client-owned dogs with uncomplicated SCCEDs.

PROCEDURES All dogs were treated with diamond-burr epithelial debridement (DBD) of affected eyes, topical tobramycin solution and atropine sulfate ointment application, and Elizabethan collar placement for 4 weeks. Dogs were randomly assigned to topical ocular administration of autologous PRP (n = 20) or artificial tear solution (control group; 20) 4 times daily for 28 days. Recheck examinations were performed approximately 2 and 4 weeks after treatment began to evaluate SCCEDs for corneal reepithelialization, and semiquantitative corneal vascularization and corneal fibrosis scores were assigned according to affected corneal surface area. Results were compared between groups.

RESULTS All dogs completed the study. The SCCEDs had completely reepithelialized in 11 (55%) control dogs and 12 (60%) PRP-treated dogs by the 2-week reevaluation, and in 15 (75%) control dogs and 18 (90%) PRP-treated dogs by the 4-week reevaluation. No significant differences were identified between groups in these proportions nor in mean differences from pretreatment scores for corneal vascularization and fibrosis.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE In this preliminary study involving dogs with uncomplicated SCCEDs, topical PRP administered as an adjunctive treatment following DBD had no significant effect on healing. A larger study is warranted to support or refute these findings and to determine the effects of adjunctive PRP treatment for dogs with complicated SCCEDs.
Transient depression of pelvic limb reflexes in dogs with acute focal thoracolumbar myelopathy
Authors: Hodshon Amy W. , Thomas William B.
Published: October 2018

OBJECTIVE To determine the prevalence of depressed pelvic limb reflexes and changes in those reflexes over time in dogs with acute thoracolumbar myelopathy.

DESIGN Prospective study.

ANIMALS 34 dogs.

PROCEDURES Dogs with acute pelvic limb paralysis caused by acute noncompressive nucleus pulposus extrusion (ANNPE), fibrocartilaginous embolism (FCE), or compressive intervertebral disk herniation (IVDH) within the T3-L3 spinal cord segments were enrolled in the study. Dogs with depressed or absent pelvic limb withdrawal reflexes as determined by 2 examiners were classified as affected and underwent additional testing to rule out multifocal lesions. Pelvic limb reflexes of affected dogs were reassessed every 12 hours until they returned to normal. Neurologic examinations were performed at 4 and 8 weeks after initial examination for some dogs.

RESULTS Compressive IVDH, ANNPE, and FCE were diagnosed in 30, 1, and 3 dogs, respectively. Nine (5 with compressive IVDH and all 4 with FCE or ANNPE) of 34 (26%) dogs were classified as affected. Patellar reflexes were depressed in 2 of 9 affected dogs. The median time required for withdrawal reflexes to return to normal was 60 hours (range, 12 to 156 hours). Onset duration of paralysis was negatively associated with the odds of a dog being classified as affected.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Results indicated that dogs with focal thoracolumbar spinal cord lesions, especially those with peracute onset of paralysis, can develop transient depression of pelvic limb reflexes. Awareness of this phenomenon is important for veterinarians to accurately localize lesions and develop appropriate diagnostic plans and prognoses.
Diagnostic value of vertebral left atrial size as determined from thoracic radiographs for assessment of left atrial size in dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease
Authors: Malcolm Elizabeth L. , Visser Lance C. , Phillips Kathryn L. , Johnson Lynelle R.
Published: October 2018

OBJECTIVE To describe vertebral left atrial size (VLAS), a quantitative method to estimate left atrial (LA) size radiographically, and to determine its diagnostic value for prediction of echocardiographic LA enlargement in dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD) of varying severity.

DESIGN Prospective observational study.

ANIMALS 103 client-owned dogs with a left-sided systolic murmur.

PROCEDURES For each dog, 3-view thoracic radiographs were obtained within 24 hours of an echocardiographic examination. The VLAS was measured on right and left lateral thoracic radiographs and compared with the left atrium-to-aortic root ratio acquired from short-axis (LA:AoSx) and long-axis (LA:AoLx) echocardiographic images. Left atrial enlargement was defined as an LA:AoLx ≥ 2.6 or LA:AoSx ≥ 1.6. Dogs were allocated to 4 groups on the basis of MMVD severity.

RESULTS Of the 103 dogs, 15, 40, 26, and 22 were assigned to the control (no echocardiographic abnormalities), stage B1 (hemodynamically irrelevant MMVD), B2 (hemodynamically relevant MMVD), and C-D (MMVD with congestive heart failure) groups, respectively. Median VLAS, LA:AoSx, and LA:AoLx for the stage B2 and C-D groups were significantly greater than the corresponding medians for the control and stage B1 groups. There was a moderate positive correlation between VLAS and both LA:AoSx and LA:AoLx. Receiver operating characteristic analyses revealed that a VLAS ≥ 2.3 vertebrae was a useful predictor of LA enlargement. Intraobserver and interobserver agreements for VLAS measurements were high.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Results indicated VLAS was a repeatable and useful radiographic measurement for prediction of LA enlargement in dogs with MMVD.
Fatty Acids Related Genes Expression Undergo Substantial Changes in Porcine Oviductal Epithelial Cells During Long-Term Primary Culture
Authors: Budna Joanna , Celichowski Piotr , Knap Sandra , Jankowski Maurycy , Magas Magdalena , Nawrocki Mariusz J. , Ramlau Piotr , Nowicki Andrzej , Rojewska Magdalena , Chermuła Błażej , Jeseta Michal , Antosik Paweł , Bukowska Dorota , Bruska Małgorzata , Zabel Maciej , Nowicki Michał , Kempisty Bartosz
Published: September 2018

The process of reproduction requires several factors, leading to successful fertilization of an oocyte by a single spermatozoon. One of them is the complete maturity of an oocyte, which is acquired during long stages of folliculogenesis and oogenesis. Additionally, the oviduct, composed of oviductal epithelial cells (OECs), has a prominent influence on this event through sperm modification and supporting oocyte’s movement towards uterus. OECs were isolated from porcine oviducts. Cells were kept in primary in vitro culture for 30 days. After 24h and on days 7, 15 and 30 cells were harvested, and RNA was isolated. Transcript changes were analyzed using microarrays. Fatty acids biosynthetic process and fatty acids transport ontology groups were selected for analysis and described. Results of this study indicated that majority of genes in both ontology groups were up-regulated on day 7, 15 and 30 of primary in vitro culture. We analyzed genes involved in fatty acids biosynthetic process, including: GGT1, PTGES, INSIG1, SCD, ACSL3, FADS2, FADS1, ACSS2, ALOX5AP, ACADL, SYK, ACACA, HSD17B8, FADS3, OXSM, and transport, including: ABCC2, ACSL4, FABP3, PLA2G3, PPARA, SYK, PPARD, ACACA and P2RX7. Elevated levels of fatty acids in bovine and human oviducts are known to reduce proliferation capacity of OECs and promote inflammatory responses in their microenvironment. Most of measured genes could not be connected to reproductive events. However, the alterations in cellular proliferation, differentiation and genes expression during in vitro long-term culture were significant. Thus, we can treat them as putative markers of changes in OECs physiology.
The Montreal Convention of 1999 and Regulation No 261/2004 in the EUCJ and National Case Law
Authors: Deviatnikovaitė Ieva
Published: September 2018

The article first analyses the relationship between the Montreal Convention and Regulation 261/2004. Although the Regulation and the Convention both relate to the protection of air passenger’s rights it remains ambiguous when and in which disputes these acts should be applicable. Thus, this article reveals the problematical issue of how these acts differ and in which situations they are applicable. Second, it reviews the development of the EUCJ case law regarding the application of these acts. Third, it examines the relevant case law of the Supreme Court of the Republic of Lithuania in this area.
Türkiye‘de Yetiştirilen Bazı Sığır Irklarında GHR Geni Bakımından Genetik Çeşitlilik
Authors: Çobanoğlu Özden
Published: October 2018

Bu çalışmanın amacı ülkemizde yetiştirilen kültür ırkı süt sığırları ile bazı yerli sığır ırklarında Büyüme Hormonu Reseptörü (GHR) gen çeşitliliğinin belirlenmesidir. Çalışmada hayvan materyali olarak 468 Siyah Alaca (SA), 280 Jersey, 93 Boz Irk, 86 Yerli Kara (YK), 64 Doğu Anadolu Kırmızısı (DAK) kullanılmıştır. Popülasyonların GHR geni için FIS değerinin negatif bulunduğu Jersey, SA (Samsun), SA (Bursa) ve DAK‘larda heterozigot bireylerin fazlalığı görülmüştür. Bu değerin pozitif bulunduğu Boz ırk ve YK‘da ise homozigot bireyler daha fazladır. GHR lokusu bakımından Hardy-Weinberg oranından beklenen sapmalar YK hariç diğer popülasyonlarda önemli bulunmuştur. Genel popülasyon bazında ise %14 oranında heterozigot bireylerin fazlalığı ve Hardy-Weinberg oranından sapmalar önemli bulunmuştur. Popülasyonlar arasında genetik uzaklık değerleri ise 0,0004 ile 0,1881 arasında belirlenmiştir. Kümeleme analizi sonucunda iki temel kümenin şekillendiği görülmüştür. Bu kümelerin ilkinde Jersey ile YK bir alt kümede Boz ırkla genetik olarak yakın bir şekilde gözlenmiştir. Diğer ana kümede ise SA (Samsun) ve DAK bir kümede ve bu kümeye ise SA (Bursa) daha yakın bulunmuştur. Sonuç olarak ülkemizde yetiştirilen beş farklı sığır ırkında genetik olarak kümeleme analizi ile sınıflandırmaları yapılırken bu ırkların GHR geni açısından göstermiş oldukları genetik varyasyon da belirlenmiştir. Dolayısıyla bu ırklar açısından verim özelliklerinin artırılmasına yönelik bir genetik ilerlemenin mümkün olduğu söylenebilir.
AGRONOMIC MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS FOR REHABILITATION AND SUSTAINED CROP PRODUCTION IN COASTAL AGRO ECOSYSTEM OF TAMIL NADU
Authors: V. MULLAIVENDHAN R. REX IMMANUEL, M. THIRUPPATHI,
Published: September 2018

Field experiments were conducted in the degraded coastal agro ecosystem with different land management methods and ameliorative amendments such as to boost the growth of identified MPT’s in degraded soil. The field experiment were laid out in split plot design and consisted of 16 treatment combinations with four land management treatment in the main plots (M1-pit method, M2-trench method , M3-mound method and M4-Auger hole method) and four ameliorative treatment in sub plots (S1-FYM @ 12.5 t ha-1 + Gypsum @ 200 kg ha-1+ ZnsO4 @ 25 kg ha-1 + Azospirillum @ 2kg ha-1+  Phosphobacteria @ 2 kg ha-1, S2- Pressmud @ 15 t ha-1+ Gypsum @ 200 kg ha-1+  ZnsO4 @ 25 kg ha-1+ Azospirillum @ 2kg ha-1 + Phosphobacteria @ 2 kg ha-1, S3– Composted coir pith @ 10 t ha-1 + Gypsum  @ 200 kg ha-1 + ZnsO4 @ 25 kg ha-1 + Azospirillum @ 2 kg ha-1+Phosphobacteria @ 2 kg ha-1 and S4- no amendments). The treatment was replicated three times for the identified MPT’s of Pongamia pinnata Based on the results of present study it can be clearly found that trench method of planting in combination with FYM @ 12.5 t ha-1, Gypsum @ 200 kg ha-1, ZnsO4 @ 25 kg ha-1, Azospirillum @ 2 kg ha-1 and phosphobacteria @ 2 kg ha-1 recorded the highest establishment percentage height, girth, PGR and taproot length of identified MPT’s of Pongamia pinnata n the degraded coastal soil.
PENGARUH DRIVE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL RESPONSIBILITY, COLLECTIVISM DAN SUBJECTIVE NORM TERHADAP BEHAVIORAL INTENTION PENGGUNAAN REUSABLE BAG
Authors: Ekasari Ayu
Published: October 2018

The purpose of the research is to examine the effect of driver for environmental responsibility, collectivism and subjective norm on behavioral intention in using reusable bag. This was a quantitative survey using a total sample of 282 respondents. Data were analyzed by using multiple regression method in order to test the hypotheses. Findings of the research revealed that driver for environmental responsibility and subjective norm were two strong predictors for behavioral intention in using reusable bag. However, there was no significant effect of collectivism on behavioral intention. The study contributes to the literature of pro-environmental behavior and its antecedents as well as suggestions for policy makers and retailers to design effective social marketing campaign to promote pro-environmental behavior, which is using reusable bag.
NANOTECNOLOGIA: O OLHAR DA CIÊNCIA SOBRE A TOXICIDADE E OS POTENCIAIS RISCOS DESSES PRODUTOS
Authors: Lazzaretti Luisa Lauermann , Hupffer Haide Maria
Published: October 2018

Produtos e aplicações com nanotecnologia emergem no mercado consumidor devido à infinita possibilidade de exploração, pela multiplicidade de usos, por serem mais eficientes e pela redução dos custos de produção. Contudo, não há informações científicas suficientes para precisar os potenciais riscos ligados ao uso de nanotecnologia para a saúde humana e o meio ambiente, gerando incertezas quanto ao seu uso. O objetivo desse estudo é observar se os artigos científicos disponibilizados na base de dados da Web of Science discutem riscos que os produtos nanoestruturados podem causar à saúde humana e ao meio ambiente. O método utilizado é o dedutivo. A técnica de pesquisa é a revisão bibliográfica realizada na base de dados da Web of Science. A análise do conteúdo é realizada pela busca isolada e do cruzamento das seguintes palavras-chaves: nanotecnologia, nanotoxicidade, risco e nanopartículas, nos idiomas inglês e português. Delimitou-se o prazo de cinco anos (2013-2017). A pesquisa observou um predomínio de trabalhos relacionados com síntese, estabilidade, características de nanopartículas e nanotecnologia. Observou-se um pequeno número de estudos que analisam a toxicidade de nanopartículas no médio e longo prazo, bem como no clico de vida desses nanomateriais, indicando que esses produtos são lançados no mercado sem as devidas pesquisas para acompanhar os riscos desta nova tecnologia que é permeada pela incerteza científica.Palavras-chave: Nanotecnologia. Toxicidade. Risco.
SISTEM PENGENDALIAN INTERNAL, FRAUD DIAMOND, DAN LARCENY SEBAGAI EFEK MEDIASI WHISTLEBLOWINGSYSTEM (STUDI PADA BPK RI)
Authors: Krystella Krystella , Sitorus Tigor
Published: September 2018

This research is aim to determine the effect of internal control system, fraud diamond, and whistleblowingsystem on larceny at BPK RI. Research data was obtained through questionnaires distributed torespondent, the employees in the work unit of General Bureau, IT Bureau, Human Resources Bureau and Leaders Secretariat Bureau BPK RI. So as many as 105 samples collected. This research used quantitative analysis technique with Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) processed with Amos 23. The test results showed : 1) Internal control system variable has  positive and significant influence on whistleblowingsystem, 2) fraud diamond variable has not significant influence on whistleblowingsystem, 3) whistleblowingsystem variable has negative and significant influence on larceny, 4) internal control system variable has not significant influence on larceny, 5) fraud diamond variable has positive and significant influence on larceny. Therefore, the whistleblowingsystem mediation effect of the internal control system influence on larceny is perfectly significant. While the effect of fraud diamond on larceny is not proven to mediate.
ANALISIS PENGARUH PROFITABILITAS, UKURAN PERUSAHAAN, LEVERAGE, DAN PENGUNGKAPAN SOSIAL TERHADAP NILAI PERUSAHAAN PADA PERUSAHAAN MANUFAKTUR YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA PERIODE 2011-2015
Authors: Setiawati Loh Wenny
Published: September 2018

Economic growth that affects the welfare of the people can be pursued by investing. Investors will be interested to invest when the value of the company is high. Corporate value is an important concept for investors, because it is an indicator for the market to assess the company as a whole.  This study aims to examine the effect of profitability, firm size, leverage, and social disclosure of corporate value. This research uses purposive sampling method in conducting sample selection. The statistical method used to test the hypothesis is multiple linear regression analysis. This study uses 81 manufacturing industry companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in the period 2011-2015.  The results of this study indicate that profitability, firm size, leverage, and social disclosure affect the value of the company.
ANALISIS PENGARUH KEPEMILIKAN MANAJERIAL, PROPORSI DEWAN KOMISARIS INDEPENDEN, DAN KONSERVATISME AKUNTANSI TERHADAP KUALITAS LABA SERTA PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP NILAI PERUSAHAAN
Authors: Sugianto Shanty , Sjarief Julianti
Published: September 2018

This research aims to examine the effect beetween managerial ownership, proportion of independent commissioner, accounting conservatism towards earnings quality and firm value. In the first research model, managerial ownership, proportion of independent commisioner, accounting conservatism are the independent variables while earnings quality is the dependent variable. In the second research model, earnings quality is the independent variable and firm value is the dependent varible. Object of this research is manufacturing companies that are listed in Indonesian Stock Exchange (BEI) during 2014 to 2016. For the first research model there are 156 sampels and 273 sampels for the second research model. Hypotheses examination for the first research model using multiple linear regressions and for the second model using simpel linear regression with SPSS version 23.0. The result from the first research model shows managerial ownership and proportion of independent commissioner has no effect towards earnings quality, while accounting conservatism have an effect towards earnings quality. The result from the second research model shows that earnings quality has an effect towards firm value.
ANÁLISE DA IMPORTÂNCIA DO PRONAF PARA OS AGRICULTORES FAMILIARES
Authors: Borges Gerlyson Girão , Silva Maria do Carmo Lopes da , Coutinho Elane Maria de Castro
Published: October 2018

O setor agropecuário brasileiro representa um importante segmento da economia nacional ao longo de sua história. A agricultura familiar, especialmente, se destaca pela geração de emprego e renda, fixação do homem no campo e a produção de alimentos e, nesse sentido, o Programa Nacional de Fortalecimento da Agricultura Familiar (PRONAF) exerce um papel bastante relevante no que diz respeito ao incentivo das atividades desenvolvidas pelos agricultores familiares. O presente trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo de estudar a contribuição do PRONAF na comunidade rural Lagoa Redonda no município de Quixadá - CE. Para tanto, foi realizada uma pesquisa em campo com caráter exploratório com vinte e cinco produtores residentes na comunidade. Os dados obtidos por meio das entrevistas foram analisados com o auxílio de técnicas e programas computacionais. Foi possível concluir que o programa possui um bom nível de aprovação entre os beneficiários que residem na comunidade rural de Lagoa Redonda (Quixadá/CE) de modo que contribui efetivamente para o desenvolvimento da agricultura familiar.
DESENVOLVIMENTO DE DASHBOARDS INTERATIVOS UTILIZANDO FERRAMENTAS DE BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE NO MS EXCEL PARA AUXÍLIO NA TOMADA DE DECISÃO EMPRESARIAL
Authors: Silva Lucas Henrique Bezerra da , Bezerra Júlio César Cavalcante , Rios Francisco Franklin Sousa , Amorim Frederico Augusto
Published: October 2018

O presente artigo tem como objetivo criar Dashbords interativos para análise da informação auxiliando a tomada decisão. O artigo aborda aspectos da tomada de decisão, atualmente as empresas recebem muitas informações em tempo real e com isso muitos gestores possuem dificuldades para tratar os dados e gerar relatórios que auxiliem durante o processo decisório. Com isso, foram publicadas ferramentas de Business Intelligence aliadas ao Microsoft Excel – Power Query, Powerpivot e Power View – para o tratamento de informações fundamentais na tomada de decisão de gestores da empresa ABC. A empresa utiliza o próprio MS Excel para tratar todas as informações retiradas do sistema ERP através de planilhas eletrônicas, tabelas dinâmicas e posteriormente vários gráficos para demonstrar aos gestores. Com as ferramentas de BI estes dados foram condensados em um painel de indicadores contendo todas as informações necessárias para análise e tomada de decisão, unindo todas as informações antes expostas em vários gráficos, em três Dashbords Corporativos.
Remittances and Poverty Reduction in Somalia
Authors: BULUT Erol , MOHAMED Abdiqadar Abdigani
Published: September 2018

The flow of remittances to Somalia makes 23% of the whole GDP of Somalia. It means that remittances contribute to the Somali GDP more than Foreign Aid (FA) Official Developmental Assistants (ODA) and also the Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) do. That shows how crucial remittances are for the people of Somalia as an external source of financing. Therefore, remittances play a key role in decreasing the extreme poverty and increasing the social development as well. That is because of the increase of the income of the Somali families receiving remittances. As families receive remittances it makes possible for them to meet their basic needs and requirements in life. Remittances also play a crucial role in employment and creating more jobs for the Somalis back home. Somali Diaspora living abroad also bring new skills, opportunities and profitable business ideas back home and that slowly but surely stimulates the employments and increases the incomes of the families living back home, Somalia.

This study will analyze the correlation between remittances and poverty in Somalia. The data which is going to be used is that of secondary data from surveys made by World Bank which is called Somali High Frequency Survey (SHFS), International Monetary Fund (IMF) and UNICEF. The relations between remittances and poverty headcount ratio is not significantly supported by the case of Somalia. Therefore, remittances in Somalia has no a tangible impact on poverty headcount ratio in Somalia. But when it comes to the poverty gap and the poverty severity in the regions of Somalia, it seems that remittance has an active role in reducing both of them more than it does in the poverty headcount ratio in Somalia. Also there is no a significant relation between remittances and the inequality among Somalis.
Problematic of Distribution in Economics Literature
Authors: SARAL Aslı Ceren
Published: September 2018

The problematic of economic distribution in economics literature from the classical political economy throughout today is discussed in the paper. Mainly the orthodox economics literature is reviewed. Once being the fundamental issue in classical political economics, distribution has been neglected in orthodox economics for a long period. The rising economic inequalities in neoliberal era seem to increased the interest in issue, but the inquiries are mainly on the underlying reasons of rising inequalities and address some specific aspects of the issue, thus does not provide comprehensive theoretical framework.