bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Structural equation modeling analysis of determinants of barriers to breast self-examination among Eastern Chinese women
Authors: Yu Jianwei , Gao Yizheng , Wang Hairuo , Liu Binghao , Zhang Shunhua
Published: March 2023

Background

This study aimed to establish a structural equation model to determine the associations among knowledge of breast cancer, beliefs about breast self-examination (BSE), BSE practice, socio-economic status (SES), and barriers to BSE among Eastern Chinese women.

Methods

An online cross-sectional correlational survey of 2026 women from Eastern China was undertaken by a self-administered questionnaire in 2020. Structural equation modeling was utilized for examining the interrelationships between BSE barriers and other variables.

Results

Our results suggested that BSE barriers were significantly and negatively related to SES, BSE beliefs, and BSE practices (β = -0.176, p < 0.001 and β = -0.118, p < 0.001 and β = -0.435, p < 0.001, respectively). Among them, participants’ BSE practices had the strongest effects on BSE barriers, while the effect of breast cancer knowledge on BSE barriers was in an opposite direction (β = 0.177, p < 0.001).

Conclusions

BSE barriers were influenced by SES, breast cancer knowledge, BSE beliefs and BSE practices. Our results warn that breast cancer prevention education should strengthen knowledge of practical methods rather than general knowledge. Therefore, intervention strategies designed to develop BSE and breast cancer prevention should take into account multiple factors, in particular finding more effective ways for the public to turn knowledge into a motivator rather than a barrier.
Research on an evaluation index system and evaluation method of green and low-carbon expressway construction
Authors: Wang Haiying , Tao Jianyu , Xu Jian , Zhang Yingzhi
Published: March 2023

To promote the development of green and low-carbon expressway construction, an evaluation index system and associated evaluation method for the construction of green and low-carbon expressways suitable for multiple bridges and tunnels is proposed. The evaluation index system was created from three layers: the goal layer, the criterion layer, and the indicator layer. The criterion layer includes 4 first-level indices and the indicator layer includes 18 second-level indices. The weight of each index in the criterion layer and indicator layer is determined using the improved analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method, and green and low-carbon expressway construction is then graded using the gray fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method combined quantitative indices with qualitative indices. The method with the selected indices is then verified in a case study on the Huangling-Yan’an Expressway, with the evaluation grade being “Excellent” and the evaluation value being 9.1255. The proposed evaluation method can provide theoretical and practical guidance for effective evaluation for green and low-carbon expressway construction.
Serial Murder as Modernist Ritual
Authors: McCann Bryan J.
Published: March 2023

This essay argues that the serial murderer's rituals are homologous to those that structure the more quotidian or administrative, but equally sadistic, forms of violence against fungible bodies in US civil society. At stake in this homology is recognizing that the sadism publics so readily associate with the depraved serial killer are present in the many cruelties that such publics enthusiastically condone and enjoy. Serial murder is a modernist ritual among many others, and its capacity to induce affective investment from consuming publics, just as surely as the killer himself, is a function of what I am calling sadistic form. To clarify this argument, the essay reads serial killer Ted Bundy's many crimes as ritualistic enactments of sadistic form, as well as the varied responses during his 1989 execution. In so doing, I illustrate how different rituals function to obscure or amplify the sadism to which they give expression.
Violence and Nonviolence in the Rhetoric of Social Protest
Authors: Murray Billie
Published: March 2023

The nonviolence so heralded in studies of protest has lost its strategic effectiveness; nonviolence has become, not a strategy in the pursuit of justice, but an end in itself, a telos. In order to better conceptualize violence and nonviolence in the contemporary rhetoric of social protest, this essay provides a review and critique of prominent rhetorical studies of protest violence that have placed violent tactics solely in the service of nonviolence. Rhetorical scholars are in a unique position to reconsider and reframe understandings of violence and nonviolence in social protest that persist both in rhetorical studies and in the popular imagination about how social change can and should happen. Violence and nonviolence have too often been divorced from the white supremacist history and context in which they operate, particularly in the United States—creating meaning structures that make the violent protest tactics deployed by non-dominant groups culturally illegible. This essay works to reframe the violent tactics most commonly deployed in the current moment by arguing that the looting, property destruction, and even the direct physical violence that is most often associated with various Leftist and anti-racist activists can work strategically to challenge the police-State's monopoly on violence. Drawing out the implications of these interconnected points, the essay provides a more nuanced understanding of violent tactics that can both help restore the disruptive function of protest rhetoric and better challenge white supremacy in the service of justice.
Long-term follow-up of patients in fracture liaison services: problems and solutions (literature review and own data)
Authors: Belova K. Yu. , Ershova O. B. , Gordzheladze Kh. G.
Published: March 2023

To reduce the frequency of fragility fractures, Fracture Liaison Services are being created worldwide. One of the most difficult parts in their organization is considered to be the creation of an effective system of long-term patient management. Many factors are involved in this process, concerning the patient, the team of specialist, the peculiarities of the organization of primary health care, and many others. On the one hand, it has been shown that the inclusion of patients in FLS increases their commitment to the implementation of doctor’s recommendations. On the other hand, there are a number of barriers depending both on the characteristics of the patient himself (polymorbidity, severity of the condition, decreased cognitive function, fear of side effects, low motivation to treat osteoporosis) and on various aspects in the medical care organization. The article analyzes the importance of training patients and medical personnel, approaches to the choice of therapeutic tactics, optimization of the process of succession management of patients, the availability of a system of information exchange between medical institutions. Using the example of the Yaroslavl’ FLS, the possibilities of improving various aspects of medical care are analyzed, as well as local problems that arose at various stages of the development of this service, and the measures that were applied to resolve them.
Ricardo Correa e a arte queer do fracasso
Authors: Cristóvão Assunção , Prado Arthur Cristovão
Published: March 2023

Ricardo e Vânia: o maquiador, a garota de programa, o silicone e uma história de amor, do jornalista Chico Felitti (2019), é um livro-reportagem sobre a história de Ricardo Correa, que se tornou conhecido como o Fofão da Augusta, descrito pelo autor como alguém “diferente por ser ambicioso, gay, artista e esquizofrênico. Não necessariamente nessa ordem”. A vida de Ricardo ilustra o que Jack Halberstam define no livro A arte queer do fracasso como aquela atitude e modo de estar no mundo que vai na contramão da normatividade hétero que tem o “sucesso” como objetivo de vida (2020, p. 20-21). Retrata também as consequências de uma construção discursiva histórica em torno de uma sexualidade desviante, a partir da visão de Michel Foucault (2012). O objetivo deste texto é, então, relacionar a história de Ricardo, contada por Felitti, com as características de fracasso teorizadas por Halberstam.
Folheto, de E. V. Kharitónov
Authors: Oliveira Yuri Martins de
Published: March 2023

Este artigo apresenta a tradução do texto “Folheto”, do escritor soviético Evguéni V. Kharitónov (1941-1981), conhecido por seus escritos de temática homossexual. A tradução é seguida de informações sobre a vida de Kharitónov e de um breve comentário que busca apresentar algumas características gerais do texto, suas referências histórico-culturais e possíveis interpretações.
“Bicha deveria nascer sem coração” ou a solidão interseccional da bicha preta em “Coração”, de Marcelino Freire
Authors: Gomes Guilherme Augusto da Silva , Santos George Lima dos
Published: March 2023

Este artigo analisa o conto “Coração”, de Marcelino Freire, considerando a solidão vivida pela personagem Célio como resultado da interseccionalidade de opressões por ser uma bicha preta. Além disso, discorre-se sobre as condições sócio-históricas que possibilitam a emergência dessa personagem, considerando a complexidade instaurada pelo atravessamento de instâncias que configuram seu caráter interseccional. Foram usados como referenciais teóricos Bernardino-Costa e Grosfoguel (2016), Preciado (2014) e Bell Hooks (2019) ao tratar da ruptura com o sistema de masculinidade e heterossexualidade performando uma “feminilidade”; e Akotirene (2019) como discussão do conceito de interseccionalidade ao observar o corpo e o espaço de Célio. Como resultado, verificou-se a construção da personagem Célio como um corpo que não pode ter seus afetos correspondidos na mesma intensidade que outros sujeitos, principalmente pelo acionamento de intertextualidades que justificam a solidão vivida pela personagem como construção dessa bicha preta na literatura contemporânea.
Família cuir no cinema brasileiro
Authors: Valente Paulo , Martinez-Echazábal Lourdes
Published: March 2023

Objetivamos discutir a formação de um modelo familiar alheio à heteronormatividade no longa-metragem Madame Satã (2002), primeiro trabalho de direção de Karim Aïnouz, que conta um recorte da vida do malandro pernambucano João Francisco dos Santos, antes de adotar o referido apelido, no espaço boêmio da Lapa, dos anos de 1930. Ao lado da prostituta Laurita e do gay afeminado Tabu, João forma uma família disruptiva do modelo burguês mononuclear formado pela tríade homem-mulher-criança cisgênero, e juntos criam a pequena Firmina, desestabilizando a moral cristã e burguesa do referido conceito, uma vez que são personagens historicamente marginalizadas por suas sexualidades e performatividades de gênero que compõem esse arranjo familiar. Primeiramente, discutimos a família como modelo social em conformidade com discursos jurídicos, médicos e religiosos, a partir dos textos de Engels (2019) e Foucault (2018), para pensá-la fora desse padrão, em conformidade com um modelo de família cuir.
El término «metafísica» en la tradición latina
Authors: Vélez León Paulo
Published: March 2023

Los estudios sobre la constitución de la noción y el término «metafísica» han sido poco abordados por la historia de la filosofía, y sobre todo, por la tradición filosófica misma. Este trabajo, sobre la base de lo realizado por Pérez Fernández (1975), es una parte de una serie de publicaciones que pretende arrojar luz sobre este proceso. Concretamente, aquí se narra brevemente cómo el término «metafísica» fue mudando gradualmente su uso y grafía en la tradición latina. Sugeriré que Boecio usa las locuciones theologia y μετὰ τὰ φυσικὰ en dos sentidos, la primera la emplea para referirse al tema que es propio de los libros metafísicos de Aristóteles (i.e. teología filosófica), en tanto que la segunda locución la usa en un sentido bibliográfico. De este uso daría cuenta Abelardo en sus obras, que plausiblemente influyeron más tarde en la constitución definitiva del término en la Escuela de Toledo. Se incluyen imágenes de manuscritos para ilustrar lo apuntado.
Estudo de caso de desenvolvimento de sistema para manutenção preditiva 4.0
Authors: Zaro Eduardo Marcio , Webber Carine Getruldes
Published: March 2023

A quarta revolução industrial apresenta diversas tecnologias para o desenvolvimento da sociedade e especialmente para o ramo de manufatura. Inserido nesse novo mundo, o estudo de caso vem com objetivo de explorar conceitos de manutenção preditiva com análises e prevenção de falhas para equipamentos que operam com vibração. Analisando conceitos de manutenção preditiva 4.0 já implementados no mercado e incorporando novas tecnologias, tende-se a obter resultados de tempo de inatividade através desses conceitos explorados no trabalho. Com a análise dos dados coletados através de ferramentas em nuvem e sensores IoT, conseguimos determinar parâmetros e o comportamento do equipamento. Com essa prevenção dos fatos, foi possível a implantação de alertas em tempo real de qualquer fator que possa vir tornar-se uma falha, dessa forma predizendo uma ação corretiva no equipamento. Trabalhado dessa forma, foi possível obter redução de 24% no tempo de inatividade do equipamento, trazendo ganhos para empresa e redução de custos ao produto final. A manutenção preditiva, juntamente com outras tecnologias da indústria 4.0 tem grande potencial para estudos e melhorias, incorporando cada vez mais aprendizagem de máquina e inteligência artificial, tornando cada vez mais os equipamentos inteligentes e tomadores próprios de suas decisões.
Modeling for policy: Challenges for technology assessment from new prognostic methods
Authors: Kaminski Andreas , Gramelsberger Gabriele , Scheer Dirk
Published: March 2023

Modeling for policy has become an integral part of policy making and technology assessment. This became particularly evident to the general public when, during the COVID-19 pandemic, forecasts of infection dynamics based on computer simulations were used to evaluate and justify policy containment measures. Computer models are also playing an increasing role in technology assessment (TA). Computer simulations are used to explore possible futures related to specific technologies, for example, in the area of energy systems analysis. Artificial intelligence (AI) models are also becoming increasingly important. The results is a mix of methods where computer simulations and machine learning converge, posing particular challenges and opening up new research questions. This Special topic brings together case studies from different fields to explore the current state of computational models in general and AI methods in particular for policy and TA.
The Impact of Workload on Faculty Performance: Implications for Policy Revision. A Study of a Private Medical College in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Sibai Mohamad Tarif , Alabdullaziz Fatma , Al-Matouq Jenan Ahmed
Published: March 2023

This study sought to determine the impact of workload on faculty performance, specifically on teaching and instructional performance, the performance of administrative and professional responsibilities, community service, research, and appraisal at one of the medical private colleges in Saudi Arabia. In addition, the profile of the respondents was described based on faculty workload and faculty performance. The results of this study may serve as the basis for college authorities to determine the effective and efficient faculty workload and how to properly allocate time for the other major trifocal functions in education, community service, and research production. This study utilized a cross-sectional research design with quantitative data collected from 102 faculty members. Based on the results, an increased faculty workload yields higher performance in community service and appraisal, while an increased teaching position and teaching experience increase performance in research and appraisal. A higher teaching experience is linked to increased performance in administrative and professional responsibilities, community service, research, and appraisal. On the other hand, there is no link between faculty workload, teaching position, teaching experience to teaching and instructional performance.
Lexicon of grammatical-semantic features: discontinuity
Authors: Vondráček Miloslav
Published: March 2023

The contribution represents a fragment of an intended Lexicon of grammatical-semantic features. It presents only very general properties as components of grammatical categories and the results of their presence or non-presence for category value interpretation and for (in)compatibility of language means. Grammatical features of a lexical unit can be described with the help of the tagset, i.e., analytical morphological label. Similarly, it is possible to describe a complete grammeme on the principle of fractals, including inner structure of each grammatical category and their values with the help of sets of grammatical-semantic properties. Grammatical-semantic properties bound on lexical forms are not isolated from lexical-semantic features: the first can be considered as a result of grammaticalization of the latter. From the chosen point of view, the construction of grammar from a semantic basis seems to be as a multi-level phenomenon to such a level in which grammatical-semantic properties are based on similarity and contrast in the area of lexical-semantic properties.
On some dense sets in the space of dynamical systems
Authors: Pawlak Ryszard J. , Poprawa Justyna
Published: March 2023

The natural consequence of the existence of different kinds of chaos is the study of their mutual dependence and the relationship between these concepts and the entropy of systems. This observation also applies to the local approach to this issue. In this article, we will focus on this problem in the context of “points focusing chaos.” We aim to show their mutual independence by considering the sets of appropriate periodic dynamical systems in the space of discrete dynamical systems.
Mechanochemistry as a green method in organic chemistry and its applications
Authors: Margetić Davor
Published: March 2023

Activation of chemical reactions in the solid state by mechanical energy represents a novel method with a high potential to be used in organic chemistry and various applications. There are several advantages over the classical reactions which are carried out in solution. Green aspects are in the avoidance of organic solvents, which diminishes environmental impact, whereas shortening of reaction times and room temperature conditions reduce the energy input. Furthermore, mechanochemical reactions could lead to products which cannot be obtained by solution chemistry or are produced by higher atom efficiency. The realization of the simplicity of the method and its advantages by chemists has led to increased application. The basics of the method and selected reactions are illustrated, in order to introduce this environmentally friendly method and to widen its use by the organic science community.
ANTOCYJANY W ZIARNACH PSZENICY KOLOROWEJ - NOWE ŹRÓDŁO PROZDROWOTNEJ ŻYWNOŚCI
Authors: ACHREM-ACHREMOWICZ BOHDAN , ZIOBRO RAFAŁ
Published: March 2023

Background. In addition to the long-known white and red varieties of common wheat, colored forms of wheat have emerged in recent decades, characterized by purple, blue and black grains. The anthocyanins they contain belong to the flavonoid group and are responsible for the color of grains. Purple wheat grain contains anthocyanins in the pericarp layer, blue wheat in the aleurone layer, and black wheat has anthocyanins distributed in both layers. Anthocyanins are bioactive components that can act as a functional component of foods or shape their functional characteristics, protecting against diabetes, hypertension and dyslipidemia. Colored wheat is also a good source of phenolic compounds other than anthocyanins, carotenoids, minerals, especially iron and zinc, and vitamins. Results and conclusion. Colored wheat is a good technological raw material, not dissimilar to the previously used varieties of bread wheat and durum wheat. It is suitable for the production of bread, pastries, snack products and pasta, and even beer, soy sauce or vinegar. The stability of anthocyanins from colored wheat is reduced when high temperatures are used, but the overall antioxidant content of the resulting products is still high. Nutritional studies have confirmed the beneficial effects of food products obtained from colored wheat on consumer health. It is expected that products made from colored wheat varieties may become fashionable functional foods in many countries. The key challenge of large-scale commercialization is to generate market and consumer awareness. The purpose of this article was to present the current state of knowledge on anthocyanins found in colored wheat grains and their importance in potential food applications of this cereal.
ANTIOXIDANTS IN POULTRY MEAT PRODUCTS: QUALITY, SAFETY AND HEALTH ASPECTS
Authors: BIAZIK EWA , KRALIK ZLATA , KOSEVIC MANUELA
Published: March 2023

Background. There are projections that the global population might increase to around 10 billion people by 2050. This will lead to an increase in total global food demand of 35% to 56% between 2010 and 2050. Therefore, one of food producers' main goals should be to increase the quality of food products. Furthermore, current consumer income fluctuations may affect changes in the types of food purchased. The use of natural antioxidants may satisfy the growing interest of poultry consumers. In numerous literature studies, there is a trend toward utilizing natural antioxidants as replacements for synthetic ones. The aim of this study is to provide a review of recent studies which describe the use of natural antioxidants in poultry meat production and their effect on final product quality. Results and conclusion. This review presents an overview of the latest advances in the application of natural antioxidant compounds in poultry meat and processed meat products to improve their quality and shelf-life. In human nutrition and health, antioxidant nutrition remains the topic of a continuing debate. Natural antioxidants efficiently increase the shelf-life of poultry products. Lipid peroxidation decreases in meat when natural antioxidants are supplemented in feed, and the use of natural antioxidants could be an effective strategy to maintain the optimal quality of processed poultry products.
MIKROBIOLOGICZNA ANALIZA PREPARATÓW PROBIOTYCZNYCH
Authors: BOGUSŁAWSKA-WĄS ELŻBIETA , PIECHOWIAK NIKOLA , DŁUBAŁA ALICJA , MODRZEJEWSKA KATARZYNA
Published: March 2023

Background. The aim of this study was to evaluate selected probiotic preparations for determining the abundance and species affiliation of the strains contained in them. To meet the assumed objectives of this study, ten different preparations sold retail were used. The evaluation included a quantitative and qualitative analysis. The quantitative analysis was carried out using culture methods, which also allowed for the initial determination of the microbiota diversity of the preparations tested and the isolation of strains for further study. Results and conclusion. A total of nine bacterial strains and two yeast strains were isolated. The qualitative analysis included biochemical tests using API® 50 CHL and API® ID 32 C tests, as well as a genetic analysis. Genetic identification was performed using the PCR technique with agarose gel electrophoretic separation of products. A pair of primers was used to identify yeast strains: ITS1 (5'-TCC GTA GGT GAA CCT GCG G-3') and ITS4 (5'-TCC TCC GCT TAT TGA TAT GC-3'), which allowed to confirm their species affiliation to Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Genetic identification of bacteria of the genus Lactobacillus was carried out using primers 27F (5'-AGAGTTTGATCCTGGCTCAG-3') and 1492R (5'-GGTTACCTTGTTACGACTT-3'). Only three of ten preparations met all declarations specified on the packaging, relating to the number of strains, their species affiliation and the number of CFUs in a single dose of the product. For one preparation, one bacterial strain not mentioned in the declaration was isolated, and one diet supplement showed <104 cfu / dose of live microorganisms. For three preparations, one of the declared bacterial strains was not isolated.
KSZTAŁTOWANIE WŁAŚCIWOŚCI PRZEKĄSKI Z TOPINAMBURU HELIANTHUS TUBEROSUS L. WYTWARZANEJ METODAMI OSMOTYCZNEGO ODWADNIANIA I SUSZENIA
Authors: IGNACZAK ANNA , MASIARZ EWELINA , MAKOWSKA MARTYNA , KOWALSKA HANNA
Published: March 2023

Background. Growing consumer awareness of food consumption and expectations related to its quality and health of food in a daily diet, including for people with various health problems, point to the need to look for new directions in food production, such as dried Jerusalem artichoke snacks. The aim of the work was to examine the effect of osmotic dehydration and drying methods on the selected properties of dried Jerusalem artichoke. The research material comprised Jerusalem artichoke tubers. Fresh Jerusalem artichoke, initially dehydrated in an osmotic dehydration process in 60 % sucrose solution at 50 °C for 1 h, was dried by means of convection, microwave-convection, microwave-vacuum and freeze-drying. Results and conclusion. Freeze-dried samples, both with and without pre-treatment, reached the lowest value of water activity. At the same time, they were characterized by the highest content of dry matter. Compared to the raw material, the dehydration and drying of Jerusalem artichoke reduced the total polyphenol content and antioxidant activity. High values of both indices (176 ÷ 183 mg GAE/100 g d.m./ EC50 = 4.4 ÷ 4.6 mg d.m./cm3 ), slightly lower than in the raw material, were found in convective and microwave-vacuum dried samples. Using osmotic dehydration and selecting a method of drying Jerusalem artichoke allows to shape the properties of the obtained dried snacks with health-promoting properties. Microwave-vacuum drying proved to be particularly useful, mainly due to the short time of the process and the preservation of polyphenolic compounds and high antioxidant activity compared to freeze-dried products, considered to be a standard.
SELECTED HEALTH BEHAVIOURS OF GIRLS AGED 14 TO 19 YEARS AND THE RISK OF EATING DISORDERS: A PILOT STUDY
Authors: PLATTA ANNA , KACZMARSKA PAULINA
Published: March 2023

Background. Health behaviors combine emotional aspects, beliefs and tendencies to behave positively or negatively, thus making their nature very complex. The aim of this study was to assess selected health behaviors, subjective self-perception of the body image and eating patterns of girls aged 14 to 19 years (n = 114). The study entailed: examining the propensity of girls to reduce their nutritional consumption (Restricted Eating Scale), establishing behaviors associated with improper eating (Problem Eating Behaviors Questionnaire), identifying the factors affecting girls' eating behavior and subjective selfassessment of their body image and diet. Results and conclusion. The results of the study showed that girls had problems with an accurate perception of their own body image. Extreme food restriction was not proven, but some improper eating behaviors such as eating while doing activities, snacking during the day and eating irregularly were found. The continued monitoring of health-promoting behaviors is useful and reasonable due to the diagnosis of the need to take an action to promote the development of habits and hierarchies of health values among girls aged 14 to 19 from small town environments. The conducted research fits into health risk management and health promotion in the Polish population.
Study of Laser Welding Process Parameter on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Dissimilar Joining of Dual-Phase DP780 and Cold-Rolled CR340 Steel
Authors: Kumar Nitin , Maity Tapabrata , Arora Kanwer Singh , Shajan Nikhil , Hembrom Sagram , Roy Debdas
Published: March 2023

Laser welding was performed in dual-phase steel (DP780) and cold-rolled steel (CR340) at a series of weld parameters (series I up to series VII): power input, heat input, weld velocity, and focus offset. The study was aimed at improvement of joint performance on the laser welding process parameter settings on the weld bead morphology and thereby evaluating their microstructure and mechanical properties. Optical and scanning electron microscopy and uniaxial tensile tests were performed to observe the microstructural changes, phase formation, and evaluate the mechanical properties, respectively. Tensile strength, microhardness, and strain localization using a digital image correlation technique were investigated for acquainting the local strain mapping associated with the loading. Microstructure characterization revealed that the fusion zone consisted of martensitic structure, and the heat affected contained newly formed martensite in both steels. Vickers hardness revealed that during welding, there was a softening phenomenon at the CR340 end. The DP/CR welds show a mechanical behavior that is driven by both the DP780 and CR340 steel. The joints showed strength up to ∼410 MPa and fracture strain up to ∼16 %, however the weld join failed from CR340 steel end weld during tensile tests. The larger heat input at series VI guarantees joints with an adequate strength but wider weld seams and a lower energy efficiency.
Are Natural Faces Merely Labelled as Artificial Trusted Less?
Authors: Liefooghe Baptist , Oliveira Manuel , Leisten Luca M. , Hoogers Eline , Aarts Henk , Hortensius Ruud
Published: March 2023

Artificial intelligence increasingly plays a crucial role in daily life. At the same time, artificial intelligence is often met with reluctance and distrust. Previous research demonstrated that faces that are visibly artificial are considered to be less trustworthy and remembered less accurately compared to natural faces. Current technology, however, enables the generation of artificial faces that are indistinguishable from natural faces. In five experiments (total N = 867), we tested whether natural faces that are merely labelled to be artificial are also trusted less. A meta-analysis of all five experiments suggested that natural faces merely labeled as being artificial were judged to be less trustworthy. This bias did not depend on the degree of trustworthiness and attractiveness of the faces (Experiments 1-3). It was not modulated by changing raters’ attitude towards artificial intelligence (Experiments 2-3) or by information communicated by the faces (Experiment 4). We also did not observe differences in recall performance between faces labelled as artificial or natural (Experiment 3). When participants only judged one type of face (i.e., either labelled as artificial or natural), the difference in trustworthiness judgments was eliminated (Experiment 5) suggesting that the contrast between the natural and artificial categories in the same task promoted the labelling effect. We conclude that faces that are merely labelled to be artificial are trusted less in situations that also include faces labelled to be real. We propose that understanding and changing social evaluations towards artificial intelligence goes beyond eliminating physical differences between artificial and natural entities.
Pemanfaatan Learning Management System (LMS) Berbasis Moodle dalam Pembelajaran Sejarah Pada Kelas X SMK Negeri 3 Magelang
Authors: Widayati Unik , Witasari Nina
Published: March 2023

The purpose of this study is to know the use of LMS Moodle in history study and to know of the obstacles encountered by teachers and trainees in making use of the LMS Moodle. The study uses a qualitative approach with case study strategies. Data collection techniques of observation, interview, and document review. The data collected will then be processed to inference. Research shows that during learning done from home 1) 1) history study with an LMS Moodle is done well. The planning, implementation and evaluations of the history teacher have been systematic. The casting of learning with the LMS Moodle was presensi, matter waiver, and evaluation by taking an formative question. During the online study the history teacher has made good use of, but in doing so has not been fully effective. 2) the challenges teachers experience are the making of attractive materials, the media selection to explain the material, the teachers cannot control the learning activities, and the activation of the learners. The performance of learning is inadequate because of age factors, and learners' accessibility is still lacking, and the class's organization is irregular. The challenge for a learner is the often defective LMS Moodle, an unstable Internet network, a lack of understanding of matter, and a usually full cell phone memory.
Narasi Alternatif dalam Pembelajaran Sejarah untuk Pendidikan Multikultural di Indonesia
Authors: Sohabudin Ahmad , Darmawan Wawan
Published: March 2023

Indonesia is currently experiencing symptoms of strengthening identity politics. As a pluralistic nation, this phenomenon is certainly dangerous because it can lead to social conflict and national disintegration. This research was conducted with the aim that educational institutions can play a role and minimize this potential. What he can do is to instill the values of multiculturalism in learning practices, especially in history learning. For this reason, the problems that are tried to be put forward in this research are: 1) what is meant of multiculturalism education? 2) what is the conception of multiculturalism education in history learning? 3) how to develop multiculturalism narrative in history learning materials?. This research uses literature study method. In the literature study, data were obtained from several library sources such as journal articles, books, internet, newspapers and magazines. From the results of the study, it was revealed that multiculturalism education is a concept that was created to help someone understand and appreciate regardless of the high or low culture, ethnicity, religion, race, gender, language, economic ability to disability inherent in a person. Learning history with a multiculturalism approach is ideological. In history learning, multiculturalism education can be carried out by accommodating students' cultural differences, utilizing culture as a source of content, and using history as a tool to understand other people's cultures in order to grow mutual respect, tolerance, a sense of unity and the spirit of nationalism. A historical event that can be used as an alternative narrative in the development of multiculturalism education is when Suharto at the beginning of his reign tried to re-establish Pancasila and the 45’ constitution as the ideology and basis of the state amid the threat of ideological conflicts between political parties and the emergence of an inclusive Islamic movement led by Nurcholish Madjid as a response to the death of the movement Islamic politics during the New Order era.
Film Dokumenter Sejarah Materi Peran Gereja Katolik Mempertahankan Kemerdekaan Indonesia bagi Peserta Didik SMA
Authors: Prakoso Eling Kris , Raharjo Yoel Kurniawan , Printina Brigida Intan
Published: March 2023

This study aims to develop a learning medium documentary film based on material on the Catholic Church's role in maintaining Indonesia's independence, which is suitable to be used by the XII grade senior high school students in history subjects specializing in basic competence 3.11 concering responeses to Indonesia independence. The conducted research is the type of R&D (Research and Development) using the Borg & Gall model modified by Nana Syodih Sukmadinata The product has gone through the validation stage by two material experts, two media experts, and two film expert. Field trials were conducted trough response interviews with one History teacher and two grade XII students. Data were  collected using interviews, observation, and questionnaires with quantitative and qualitative data analysis techniques. The results of the material expert validation 1 obtained a score of 4.6 with the "Very Good" criterion. The results of the material expert validation 2 obtained a score of 4.5 with the "Very Good" criterion. The validation results of film experts 1 obtained a score of 4.5 with the "Very Good" criterion. The validation results of film experts 2 obtained a score of 3.8 with the "Good" criteria. The results of the validation of learning media experts 1 obtained a score of 4.7 with the "Very Good" criterion. The results of the validation of learning media experts 1 obtained a score of 4.9 with the "Very Good" criterion. The results of interviews with teachers' and students' responses concluded that the product was good and feasible to use.
Deviant Behavior of Children in Social Media from Perspective of Law and Criminology: Does Creativity on Social Media Encourage Bad Behavior in Children?
Authors: Indah Wulan Saputri , Saputri Atha Difa , Putri Nathasya Aisyah Listiyanto , Arifin Ridwan
Published: March 2023

Child delinquency is a phenomenon that is often studied both in social, psychological, and legal perspectives. The development of information and communication technology has changed the behavior of people and human civilization around the world. However, with the development of technology and information that is increasingly open, deviant behavior in children continues to grow. With the development of social media, there are also crimes and deviant behavior committed by someone in social media interactions in the form of bullying, online prostitution, and others. This study aims to analyze how deviant behavior in social media in the study of law and criminology. The method used in this research is normative juridical. Normative research is a legal research conducted by examining library materials or secondary data. In this study, the approach and approach to legislation related to this approach are used. This method is used to answer substantially the rules regarding child abuse in social media and the protection provided for children, as well as to look at several factors behind it.
Utilización de reptiles durante el periodo Agroalfarero de la región Chaco-Santiagueña, Argentina
Authors: Del Papa Luis M.
Published: March 2023

Si bien en los últimos años la zooarqueología en la Argentina ha ampliado su estudio hacia la fauna menor, los estudios sobre reptiles son escasos. En este trabajo principalmente se analizan los restos de tortugas (Chelonoidis sp.), ofidios y lagartos (Tupinambis sp.) de los sitios de la región arqueológica Chaco-Santiagueña del noroeste argentino, para la etapa agroalfarera de la región (entre 350 dC y la conquista española) en que se desarrollaron los grupos denominados Las Mercedes, Sunchitúyoj y Averías. Si bien en algunos casos, los especimenes recuperados son escasos, se observan evidencias de la utilización antrópica. En el caso de las tortugas se infiere su uso por la representación de partes y la termoalteración como producto de la cocción al rescoldo. Para los ofidios, la única evidencia se presenta en escasos elementos con termoalteración (evidencia indirecta). Por último, se infiere el consumo de Tupinambis sp. por la presencia de marcas de corte (por desarticulación y cuereo), y termoalteración. En este sentido, se considera que los reptiles en esta región han tenido un rol complementario y estacional en la dieta de los antiguos pobladores de la región (entre el 0,5 y el 8 % del NISP, según el sitio).
Archaeological applications of microvertebrate analysis: Reconstruction of natural and anthropic processes
Authors: Kligmann Débora M.
Published: March 2023

La importancia e interés del estudio de microvertebrados proviene de sus aportes tanto a nivel paleoclimático y paleoambiental como a la cronología relativa de las secuencias estratigráficas de sitios arqueológicos y paleontológicos. En general, los microvertebrados son buenos indicadores ya que suelen estar muy ligados a un tipo de medio y condiciones climáticas particulares. El hecho de que muchos microvertebrados sean presa frecuente de gran variedad de animales y que tengan hábitats muy específicos, da lugar a que usualmente se encuentren grandes acumulaciones de determinados grupos en ciertos lugares, especialmente en cuevas y aleros. Tanto los estudios actualísticos como los análisis tafonómicos realizados en sitios en los que hay acumulaciones de pequeños vertebrados permiten identificar los agentes involucrados en la formación y posterior modificación de los conjuntos faunísticos. A fin de evaluar las aplicaciones arqueológicas de la recuperación y análisis de microvertebrados, en este trabajo se presentan dos casos de estudio: 1) el hallazgo de restos de iguánidos en un sitio arqueológico localizado en la nameridional catamarqueña, que fueron interpretados como el resultado de una muerte catastrófica de lagartijas durante una hibernación comunal en adrigueras de roedor y 2) la asociación de restos de anfisbénidos en una vasija proveniente de un sitio localizado en el sur de la provincia de Salta, que fueron interpretados como el resultado de una acción antrópica intencional, probablemente con fines rituales-ceremoniales (e.g., una ofrenda). A continuación se presenta una omparación de ambos casos de estudio, ilustrando el valor de las muestras de edimentos arqueológicos como fuentes de información de actividades antrópicas pasadas.
Narrador e interpretación en El celoso extremeño
Authors: García Pérez Marcos
Published: March 2023

En este artículo estudio las particularidades del narrador en la novela cervantina El celoso extremeño , teniendo en cuenta la bibliografía existente, la diferencia entre las dos versiones conservadas de la obra y el análisis atento del texto. Este proceso servirá para entender la configuración del narrador, explicar ciertas ambigüedades del texto y esbozar una interpretación del relato.
Optimization of cellulose nanofiber production from oil palm empty fruit bunch using Trichoderma sp. with the solid state fermentation method
Authors: Aditiawati Pingkan , Dungani Rudi , Fikri Redian Mayo , Hartati Sri
Published: March 2023

Cellulose nanofibers were isolated from oil palm empty fruit bunch by delignification using Marasmius sp. and subsequently treated by solid state fermentation using Trichoderma sp. This method used pH values of 4.8, 5.5, and 7 and temperatures of 28 °C, 32 °C, and 37 °C for 7 d. Scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and particle size analysis were performed to determine the properties of the isolated cellulose nanofibers. Results showed that chemical analysis by FTIR, lignin was completely removed from the EFB. It was found that the combination of pH 5.5 and incubation temperature 37 °C were favorable for the SSF process to isolate cellulose nanofibers from oil palm EFB fiber. SSF processing resulted in smooth morphological structures, with a fiber diameter range of 32.6 nm to 36.4 nm.
Biorefining of spruce TMP process water: Selective fractionation of lipophilic extractives with induced air flotation and surface active additive
Authors: Yang Jiayi , Zasadowski Dariusz , Edlund Håkan , Norgren Magnus
Published: March 2023

Lignocellulose biomass plays an important role in reducing the dependency on fossil fuels and ameliorating the dire consequences of climate change. It is therefore important that all the components of lignocellulose biomass are exploited. These components include hemicelluloses and extractives that are liberated and sterically stabilized during the thermomechanical pulping and that form the dissolved and colloidal substance (DCS) in the process water. Biorefining of this process water can extract these substances, which have a number of promising applications and can contribute to the full exploitation of lignocellulose biomass. This paper presents a simple treatment of unbleached Norway spruce (Picea abies) process water from TMP (thermomechanical pulping) production using induced air flotation (IAF) and cationic surfactant, dodecyl trimethylammonium chloride (DoTAC) to refine the extractives and prepare the waters so that hemicellulose could be easily harvested at a later stage. By applying 80 ppm of DoTAC at a pH of 3.5 and 50 °C before induced air flotation, 94% of the lipophilic extractives were recovered from process water. Dissolved hemicellulose polysaccharides were cleansed and left in the treated process water. The process enabled efficient biorefining of lipophilic extractives and purification of the process water to enable more selective harvesting of hemicelluloses in subsequent steps.
Case study comparing the efficiency of wooden buildings with different energy standards
Authors: Sloup Roman , Hušbauer Jaroslav , Jarský Vilém , Riedl Marcel , Šišák Luděk
Published: March 2023

This study compares the economic efficiency of wooden buildings from standard to low-energy, near-passive, and zero-energy homes. The comparison was carried out over the entire expected life cycle of the building (100 years), but due to the high uncertainty of the predictions of fuel and energy prices or discount rates and the clarity of the depiction of the subsequent results, a period of 30 years was also chosen. The most common and most suitable media and combinations for heating (gas, electricity, and wood) were selected. When calculating the entire life cycle of a building, it was found that the more stringent the energy standard, the lower the overall life cycle costs, and the share of heating costs also decreases with the highest costs being electricity heating alternatives. Adversely, the lowest costs were for the fictitious zero-energy home (ZEN) alternative with net metering followed, by some distance, by near zero-energy home alternatives and passive homes. With the chosen period of 30 years, initially after construction, it was shown that the cost is lowest to heat a standard home with gas, which is used by more than 60% of family homes for heating in the Czech Republic.
Influence of strand size, board density, and adhesive type on characteristics of oriented strand lumber boards manufactured from pine strands
Authors: Mirski Radosław , Derkowski Adam , Dziurka Dorota
Published: March 2023

The influence of selected technological aspects was studied relative to characteristics of oriented strand lumber (OSL) boards manufactured from pine strands. Six types of boards were prepared, differing in the strand fraction size, density (700 kg/m3 and 800 kg/m3), and adhesive used to glue the strands in the core layer. The adhesives compared were melamine-urea-formaldehyde (MUF) and polymeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate (pMDI). The results showed that the OSL boards had good physical and mechanical properties, even though pine strands of diverse characteristics, particularly in terms of their length and width, were used for their production. The influence of strand size was clear in the results of the bending and elongation tests. Both for the bending test and tensile strength in a direction parallel to the wood grain, the properties were on average 20% greater for boards made of larger strands compared to those made of smaller strands. However, the latter demonstrated greater internal bonding strength (IB). The weakness of OSL boards made from small strands was their low modulus of elasticity, particularly when the board density was simultaneously reduced.