bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Integrative Scale as an innovative method to increase the effectiveness of the Program for Providing Certain Categories of Citizens with Necessary Medicines
Authors: Eliseeva E. V. , Perelomova O. V. , Maneeva E. S. , Savitskaya D. V.
Published: November 2022

Evaluation of the effectiveness of Preferential Medicinal Providing is due to the need for rational pharmacotherapy for patients from certain categories of citizens. There are not enough technologies for such an assessment, which requires their creation and implementation.

The purpose of the study. To develop the Integrative Scale for Evaluating the Effectiveness of the Program for Providing Certain Categories of Citizens with the Necessary Medicines on the model of the Far Eastern Federal District as an informative way to establish the effectiveness of the preferential segment of medicinal providing, to show the advantages of this Scale compared to other methods and to propose a set of measures to improve the effectiveness of the Program.

Materials and methods. The results of the patient survey, compliance of the structure of purchased medicines with the regulatory framework and clinical recommendations of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation regulating Preferential Medicinal Providing were analyzed. The structure of the incidence of patients who were initially and repeatedly recognized as disabled.

Results. Based on the analysis of compliance with the most important principles of medicinal providing, a technology for evaluating the effectiveness of the Program has been created that allows the participants of the Preferential Medicinal Providing, doctors, Health care organizers, specialists in the field of medicinal procurement, to carry out rational prescribing and purchase of medicines and it is advisable to allocate financial resources taking into account the priority of vital medicines.

Conclusion. The Integrative Scale will contribute to improving the clinical and economic efficiency of the Program and will make a significant contribution to improving and maintenance the quality of life of patients receiving pharmacotherapy in the preferential segment, both at the level of the subject of the Russian Federation and at the level of the national system of Preferential Medicinal Providing.
SOME ASPECTS OF THE RIGHT TO HEALTH CARE IN US FEDERAL PRISONS
Authors: Щербакова Дарья Сергеевна
Published: November 2022

В статье освещается такая актуальная проблема в пенитенциарной сфере, как обеспечение права на охрану здоровья осужденных. Рассматривается американский опыт в данной области через призму исполнения наказания федеральными исправительными учреждениями. Объект изучения представляет собой совокупность правоотношений, возникающих при реализации права на охрану здоровья в рамках пенитенциарной системы США. В результате использования сравнительно-правового метода констатируются положительные аспекты деятельности пенитенциарной системы США. К ним относятся распределение осужденных в соответствующие тюрьмы по критерию уровня медицинского обслуживания, право на покупку безрецептурных лекарств в магазине учреждения, классификация уровней медицинской помощи заключенных, взимание платы за предоставление медицинских услуг. При анализе зарубежного опыта выявляются проблемы правоприменения и законодательной регламентации ряда норм, составляющих право на охрану здоровья заключенных. Применение в процессе исследования совокупности общенаучных и частнонаучных методов позволило сформулировать вывод о том, что не все элементы обеспечения права на охрану здоровья можно использовать для совершенствования уголовно-исполнительного законодательства Российской Федерации при исполнении наказаний в виде принудительных работ и лишения свободы.

The article is devoted to the issue of ensuring the right to health care for inmates in the penitentiary system. The American experience in this field through the prism of execution of imprisonment by federal prisons is considered. The object of the study is a set of legal relations arising during the implementation of the right to health care within the US prison system. As a result of using the comparative legal method, positive aspects of the US penitentiary system are stated, such as the allocation of inmates to appropriate prisons by the criterion of the level of medical care, the right to buy over-the-counter drugs in the institution shop, the classification of levels of medical care for prisoners, the charging of fees for the provision of medical services. An analysis of foreign experience reveals problems of enforcement and legislative regulation of a number of components of the right to health care for prisoners. The application of general scientific and special scientific methods in the process of research allowed to formulate the conclusion that not all elements of the right to health care provision can be used for reception in the penal legislation of the Russian Federation in the execution of punishments in the form of forced labor and imprisonment.
The Boondocks: Archetypes of Black Masculinity in a White World
Authors: Lafontant Kworweinski
Published: November 2022

With American society being dominated and shaped by white men, black masculinity takes on new shapes and forms as black men seek survival within their surroundings. Through The Boondocks, a comic strip that has been syndicated into a TV show, five different archetypes of black masculinity take the spotlight through the main characters in a satirical world virtually void of black women in emphasis of the dynamics of black men. Huey is a revoluntionary, Riley is a Hip-Hop culturist, Grandad is a conformist, Tom is a traitor, and Uncle Ruckus is self-hating. No two methods to survival in white suburbia are the same, but what is shared is the collective need for the survival of the black community, in that the characters never stop looking out for each other regardless of the stark differences in how they express their black masculinity.
With Great Power Comes Gender Diversity: STEM Stereotypes and Marvel Superpowers
Authors: Juricevic Igor
Published: November 2022

Gender representation inequality occurs across various STEM sub-disciplines. For example, the sub-disciplines of computer science and engineering are male-dominant, while psychology and biological sciences are female-dominant. One possible cause of this gender inequality is the STEM professional stereotype; created, in large part, by media portrayals of STEM scientists. Across four studies I analyze the gender representation in portrayals of STEM skills in Marvel comics and their relation to real-world STEM educational outcomes, namely, bachelor’s degrees attained in STEM. Study #1 shows that the portrayals of many STEM skills are gender biased for Marvel characters debuting before 1991. Study #2 shows that this gender bias in Marvel comics correlated with real-world STEM educational outcomes. Study #3 shows that Marvel characters debuting after 2000 show no gender biases in the portrayals of STEM skills. Finally, Study #4 makes predictions of how real-world educational outcomes are expected to change due to the increased gender equality in the portrayal of STEM skills in popular media.
ADAPTASI ELEMEN RUANG PEDESAAN TERHADAP KEGIATAN PARIWISATA DI KAWASAN BOROBUDUR
Authors: Prakoso Aditha Agung , Irawati Novi
Published: November 2022

The Borobudur area is a cultural heritage area that is not only an ancestral cultural heritage but also a tourist attraction. The development of heritage tourism in the Borobudur area has developed not only around the temple. However, it has developed into the residential area of the surrounding villagers as a rural tourism activity. This tourism activity impacts changes in elements of rural space, such as houses, public facilities, and roads, thus affecting the authenticity value as a rural tourist attraction, which is the basis for developing a tourist village. The setting and resources, the basic concept of a tourist village, are the spatial system of changing rural space elements. This spatial change of elements is caused by the spatial adaptation made by the user due to changes in ideas and behavior, which are influenced by additional functions in the space element. This study aims to explain the process of adapting spatial elements in tourist villages in the Borobudur area, using a rationalistic qualitative research method with multiple case studies with case units of 3 tourist villages in the Borobudur area, including Borobudur, Candirejo, and Wanurejo villages. The research findings are the process and form of adaptation of rural spatial elements. This research is expected to be used for village development to maintain its authenticity value as a tourist attraction.
Keywords: adaptation, spatial elements, tourism village, Borobudur
PERANCANGAN TAMAN EDUKASI SEBAGAI UPAYA MENDUKUNG OUTDOOR LEARNING PROCESS DI SEKOLAH
Authors: Setyabudi Irawan , Santoso Dian Kartika , Istikomayanti Yuswa
Published: November 2022

Architecture plays an important role in creating space for human activity. One form is an open space designed as a garden. Recently, the idea of caring for the environment has been implemented in schools with the Adiwiyata program by realizing school members who are responsible for environmental protection and management through school management to support sustainable development. The garden design process is environmentally friendly supporting facilities. The design case study was carried out at SMP 26 Malang. The problem is, the gardens around the main school in every corner or in front of the class have no thematic grouping of plant species, graffiti on the fence walls that need updating, no canopy for circulation, and many other elements that can be processed. The research method was carried out qualitatively with architectural design methods and adapted to education science. The purpose of this study is to provide a garden designconcept that is able to accommodate educational and recreational out-of-class activities for students of SMPN 26 Malang and can be generalized as a general design concept of an educational park for schools. Recommendations from the design are in the form of out-of-class learning concepts. The concept base that will be developed is from a smart and studentfriendly park which means that the park takes into account aspects of the intellectual, physical and psychological wellbeing of students, besides that it does not cause mental and physical harm. A participatory element in its implementation is needed.
Keywords: Garden concept, outdoor learning process, smart-student friendly park
PERANCANGAN OFFICE WEAR PADA WANITA KARIR INDUSTRI KREATIF MENGGUNAKAN BAHAN POLYESTER PADA PT. GISTEX
Authors: Dewi Kintan Trihastuti Mustika , Gondoputranto Olivia , Toreh Fabio Ricardo
Published: November 2022

For creative industrial career women that works in many places, office wear is usually considered not comfortable with boring designs, so it is not suitable and not practical for leisure, and also cannot be a medium to express their selves, which always need to think creative, so they need more clothing with fun design. The main purpose of making this final project is to create a B-Leisure fashion design for career women who work in the creative industry, with a more comfortable yet still stylish design, for carious occasions, using polyester that is not easily wrinkled. The research method of this writing uses qualitative method by interviewing experts and tested on extreme users, as well as quantitative methods by conducting a survey. The results of the design of the final project have been realized and tested on extreme users and experts, which concluded that the design is in accordance with the concept, with a good selection.
Fauna of Psychidae (Lepidoptera) of the Ulyanovsk Oblast (Middle Volga, Russia)
Authors: Volkova Julia S. , Prozorov Alexey M. , Kryuchkov Sergey N. , Pavlov Pavel O. , Yakovlev Roman V. , Anikin Vasilii V.
Published: November 2022

A total of 21 species of the family Psychidae (Lepidoptera) are recorded from the Ulyanovsk Oblast as a result of a long-term field work. Two species are new records: Apterona helicoidella (Vallot, 1827) from the Ulyanovsk Oblast, and Dahlica clathrella (Fischer v. Röslerstamm, 1837) from Russia.
Morphology Driven Evolution of Barred Galaxies in OMEGAWINGS Clusters
Authors: Tawfeek Amira A. , Sodi Bernardo Cervantes , Fritz Jacopo , Moretti Alessia , Pérez-Millán David , Gullieuszik Marco , Poggianti Bianca M. , Vulcani Benedetta , Bettoni Daniela
Published: November 2022

We present a study of barred galaxies in the cluster environment, exploiting a sample of galaxies drawn from the extended WIde-field Nearby Galaxy-cluster Survey (OmegaWINGS) that covers up to the outer regions of 32 local X-ray selected clusters. Barred galaxies are identified through a semiautomatic analysis of ellipticity and position angle profiles. We find, in agreement with previous studies, a strong codependence of the bar fraction with the galaxy stellar mass and morphological type, being maximum for massive late-type galaxies. The fraction of barred galaxies decreases with increasing cluster mass and with decreasing clustercentric distance, a dependence that vanishes once we control for morphological type, which indicates that the likelihood of a galaxy hosting a bar in the cluster environment is determined by its morphological transformation. At large clustercentric distances, we detect a dependence on the distance to the nearest neighbor galaxy, suggesting that tidal forces with close companions are able to suppress the formation of bars or even destroy them. Barred galaxies in our sample are either early-type, star-forming galaxies located within the virial radii of the clusters or late-type quenched galaxies found beyond the virial radii of the clusters. We propose a scenario in which already quenched barred galaxies that fall into the clusters are centrally rejuvenated by the interplay of the perturbed gas by ram pressure and the bar, in galaxies that are undergoing a morphological transformation.
Numerical Research on the Effect of the Initial Parameters of CME Flux-rope Model on Simulation Results. III. Different Initial Energy of CMEs
Authors: Liu Yousheng , Shen Fang , Yang Yi , Ma Mengxuan
Published: November 2022

In numerical studies, the initial parameters of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) have great influence on the simulation results. In our previous work, it has been proved that when the initial velocity is constant, the initial total mass mainly determines the propagation of the CME. On this basis, we carry out further research from the perspective of CME initial energy. We introduced a graduated cylindrical shell model into a 3D interplanetary total variation diminishing magnetohydrodynamic model to study the effect of different parameters of CMEs on simulation results. In this paper, we simulate several CME cases with different initial parameters and study the simulation results with a different initial energy composition. Actually, in interplanetary space, the kinetic energy of the CME always plays a dominant role. In order to study the effect of the initial thermal energy and magnetic energy on the propagation process of the CME, in this simulation, we adjust the initial parameters to make the thermal energy and magnetic energy reach the same level as the kinetic energy or an even higher level. Our results show that the initial total energy of the CME basically determines its arrival time at Earth, which indicates that the kinetic energy, thermal energy, and magnetic energy have similar effects on the propagation of the CMEs. Moreover, when the total energy keeps constant, the decrease of initial density will lead to the enhancement of CME expansion, which may make the front of the CME reach Earth earlier.
A General, Scale-independent Description of the Sound Speed in Neutron Stars
Authors: Ecker Christian , Rezzolla Luciano
Published: November 2022

Using more than a million randomly generated equations of state that satisfy theoretical and observational constraints, we construct a novel, scale-independent description of the sound speed in neutron stars, where the latter is expressed in a unit cube spanning the normalized radius, r/R, and the mass normalized to the maximum one, M/M
TOV. From this generic representation, a number of interesting and surprising results can be deduced. In particular, we find that light (heavy) stars have stiff (soft) cores and soft (stiff) outer layers, or that the maximum of the sound speed is located at the center of light stars but moves to the outer layers for stars with M/M
TOV ≳ 0.7, reaching a constant value of

c

s

2

=

1

/

2

as M → M
TOV. We also show that the sound speed decreases below the conformal limit

c

s

2

=

1

/

3

at the center of stars with M = M
TOV. Finally, we construct an analytic expression that accurately describes the radial dependence of the sound speed as a function of the neutron-star mass, thus providing an estimate of the maximum sound speed expected in a neutron star.
The Luminosity Function of Tidal Disruption Flares for the ZTF-I Survey
Authors: Lin Zheyu , Jiang Ning , Kong Xu , Huang Shifeng , Lin Zesen , Zhu Jiazheng , Wang Yibo
Published: November 2022

The high-cadence survey of the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) has completely dominated the discovery of tidal disruption events (TDEs) in the past few years and resulted in the largest sample of TDEs with optical/UV light curves well sampled around their peaks, providing us an excellent opportunity to construct a peak luminosity function (LF) of tidal disruption flares (TDFs). The new construction is necessary particularly considering that the most updated LF reported in literature has been inferred from only 13 sources from five different surveys. Here we present the optical and blackbody LFs calculated by 33 TDFs discovered in the ZTF-I survey. The optical LF can be described by both a power-law profile

dN

/

dL

g

∝

L

g

−
2.3
±
0.2

, and a Schechter-like function. The blackbody LF can be described by a power-law profile

dN

/

dL

bb

∝

L

bb

−
2.2
±
0.2

, shallower than the LF made of the previous van Velzen (2018) sample. A possible low-luminosity turnover in the optical LF supports an Eddington-limited emission scenario. The drop of the volumetric rate at high luminosity suggests a rate suppression due to direct captures of the black hole. The total volumetric rate is 1 order of magnitude lower than the previous estimation, which is probably not simply caused by the high fraction postpeak sources (7/13) in the previous sample. Instead, the normalization step during the previous LF construction to reconcile various surveys might adversely amplify the influence of serendipitous discoveries. Therefore, TDFs selected from ongoing and upcoming uniform surveys like ZTF, Vera Rubin Observatory, and the Wide-Field Survey Telescope should yield more accurate LFs.
Evaluation of Standard and Proposed Reference Values for Entheseal Thickening by Using Musculoskeletal Ultrasound
Authors: Keenan Marissa , Solmaz Dilek , Bakirci Sibel , Roth Johannes , Eder Lihi , Aydin Sibel Zehra
Published: November 2022

Objective

Ultrasound (US) is increasingly used to evaluate enthesitis. One of the US features of enthesitis is thickening. However, there is no consensus on how the entheseal thickening needs to be defined, and existing cut-off levels have been criticized for being frequently positive in healthy controls (HCs). Our objective was to determine the frequency of thickening of entheses on US using the existing cut-off values in HCs and in patients with axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) and propose new values to improve discriminative value.

Methods

Eighty HCs and 100 patients with axSpA had US scans of 2160 entheses. Sensitivity, specificity, odds ratio (OR), and accuracy were calculated according to accepted cut-off levels from the literature and proposed cut-offs were calculated as the mean ± 2 SD.

Results

Thickening according to current cut-off levels was found in 20.4% (196/960) of healthy participants’ entheses and 33% (396/1200) of entheses of patients with axSpA. Thickening according to proposed cut-off levels decreased frequency of thickening in both groups, and therefore increased specificity at the cost of decreasing sensitivity. The only anatomical site where the thickness had a value to discriminate disease from health was seen at the triceps tendon enthesis with an OR of 13.4 (95% CI 4.0-44.8) according to the current cut-offs compared to 10.3 (95% CI 4.0-26.6) with the proposed cut-off levels.

Conclusion

Although using cut-offs appears to be an appealing method to evaluate entheseal thickness, the measurements may be affected by several confounding factors, leading to a low discriminative value, except for at the triceps tendon enthesis.
The Minimal Erosive Volume Needed for Radiographic Identification of Erosions in the Metacarpophalangeal Joints in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Klose-Jensen Rasmus , Therkildsen Josephine , Blavnsfeldt Anne-Birgitte Garm , Langdahl Bente , Zejden Anna , Thygesen Jesper , Keller Kresten Krarup , Hauge Ellen-Margrethe
Published: November 2022

Objective

To compare in images, obtained by high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT) and conventional radiography (CR) of the second and third metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joints, the minimal erosive cortical break needed to differentiate between pathological and physiological cortical breaks.

Methods

In this single-center cross-sectional study, patients with established rheumatoid arthritis (disease duration ≥ 5 yrs) had their second and third MCP joints of the dominant hand investigated by HR-pQCT and CR. Empirical estimation was used to find the optimal cut-off value for the number of erosions and total erosive volume, which were detectable between patients with and without erosions in the second and third MCP joints according to CR.

Results

The total erosive volume in the second and third MCP joints by HR-pQCT for CR-detected erosive disease was estimated to be 56.4 mm3(95% CI 3.5-109.3). The sensitivity and specificity at this cutpoint were 78% and 83%, respectively, with an area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.81. The optimal cut-off value for the number of erosions by HR-pQCT was 8.5 (95% CI 5.9-11.1) for CR-detected erosive disease in the second and third MCP joints. The sensitivity and specificity at this cutpoint were 74% and 88%, respectively, with an AUC of 0.81.

Conclusion

Erosions by HR-pQCT were larger in patients with erosive damage in the second and third MCP joints by CR. We found that CR had poor sensitivity for detecting erosive disease when the erosive volume was < 56.4 mm3or the number of erosions was < 8.5.
Long-Term Opioid Therapy Among Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in the Community: A Lupus Midwest Network (LUMEN) Study
Authors: Figueroa-Parra Gabriel , Jeffery Molly M. , Dabit Jesse Y. , Chevet Baptiste , Valenzuela-Almada Maria O. , Hocaoglu Mehmet , Osei-Onomah Shirley-Ann , Kurani Shaheen , Vallejo Sebastian , Achenbach Sara J. , Hooten W. Michael , Barbour Kamil E. , Crowson Cynthia S. , Duarte-García Alí
Published: November 2022

Objective

There is little information about the epidemiology and factors associated with opioid therapy in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). We aimed to assess the prevalence of opioid therapy and explore factors associated with long-term opioid therapy (LTOT) in patients with SLE.

Methods

Patients with SLE were matched with controls without SLE in a population-based cohort on January 1, 2015. We captured demographics, manifestations of SLE, comorbidities (ie, fibromyalgia, mood disorders, osteoarthritis, chronic low back pain [CLBP], chronic kidney disease (CKD), avascular necrosis, osteoporosis, fragility fractures, and cancer), and the Area Deprivation Index (ADI). Opioid prescription data were used to assess the prevalence of LTOT, defined as contiguous prescriptions (gaps of < 30 days between prescriptions) and receiving opioid therapy for ≥ 90 days or ≥ 10 prescriptions before the index date.

Results

A total of 465 patients with SLE and 465 controls without SLE were included. In total, 13% of patients with SLE and 3% of controls without SLE were receiving opioid therapy (P< 0.001), and 11% of patients with SLE were on LTOT vs 1% of controls without SLE. Among patients with SLE, acute pericarditis (odds ratio [OR] 3.92, 95% CI 1.78-8.66), fibromyalgia (OR 7.78, 95% CI 3.89-15.55), fragility fractures (OR 3.72, 95% CI 1.25-11.07), CLBP (OR 4.00, 95% CI 2.13-7.51), and mood disorders (OR 2.76, 95% CI 1.47-5.16) were associated with LTOT. We did not find an association between opioid therapy and ADI.

Conclusion

Patients with SLE are more likely to receive LTOT than controls. Among patients with SLE, LTOT was associated with pericarditis and several comorbidities. However, LTOT was not associated with CKD despite the limited pain control options among these patients.
Evaluation of Patient and Physician Assessments of Gastrointestinal Disease Activity in Systemic Sclerosis
Authors: Ross Laura , Proudman Susanna , Walker Jennifer , Stevens Wendy , Ferdowsi Nava , Quinlivan Alannah , Morrisroe Kathleen , Baron Murray , Nikpour Mandana
Published: November 2022

Objective

To assess whether patient and physician global assessment of gastrointestinal tract (GIT) disease in systemic sclerosis (SSc) are associated with a meaningful change in disease status.

Methods

One hundred forty-three participants from the Australian Scleroderma Cohort Study were recruited to this study. Using logistic regression analysis, we evaluated the relationship between patient-reported and physician-assessed GIT disease status and symptoms, measures of health-related quality of life (36-item Short Form Health Survey [SF-36]) and GIT disease severity, measured by the Scleroderma Clinical Trials Consortium UCLA Gastrointestinal Tract 2.0 (GIT 2.0) score.

Results

Patient-reported worsening of GIT symptoms in the month preceding assessment was significantly associated with more severe GIT disease (odds ratio [OR] 6.14,P< 0.01) and progressive worsening GIT disease severity as measured by the GIT 2.0 score (OR 45.98,P< 0.01). The new onset of reflux was the only specific symptom associated with patient-reported GIT disease activity (OR 2.98,P= 0.04). Physician-assessed GIT disease activity was not significantly associated with higher GIT 2.0 scores or increasing severity of disease. Patient-reported and physician-assessed GIT activity was not associated with SF-36 scores.

Conclusion

In the absence of objective measures of GIT disease activity in SSc, patient-reported symptoms of GIT disease could be used to indicate disease activity and should merit consideration for inclusion in a multisystem disease activity index.
La recherche qualitative
Authors: Liarte Sébastien
Published: November 2022

Résumé Ce chapitre propose une réflexion portant sur la pluralité des sources de données en recherche qualitative. En outre, ce chapitre permet d’élargir les horizons des managers chercheurs quant à l’utilité de multiples sources de données, pouvant exprimer le discours d’organisations à l’étude. Cela peut inclure des visuels (illustrations, publicités, logos, icônes, notamment), des vidéos, etc. Les discours des acteurs dans les organisations peuvent ainsi être captés de diverses manières, notamment par la matérialité d’artefacts utilisés pour communiquer à propos des organisations.
La recherche qualitative
Authors: Moscarola Jean , Dudézert Aurélie , Fuhrer Chantal , Laval Florence , Kalika Michel , Lavastre Olivier
Published: November 2022

Résumé Ce chapitre décrit une collaboration entre les auteurs de disciplines de management différentes engagés, de 2020 à 2021 dans une série d’enquêtes qualitatives en ligne destinées à observer les impacts de la crise sanitaire découlant de la pandémie de la Covid-19 sur le management. Les conditions de ce type de collaboration sont analysées puis une proposition de généralisation est présentée avec le projet CO-DATA-LAB en particulier sur le partage collectif de données et les possibilités de leur analyse pluridisciplinaire.
The Case of Scotland in the Constitutional Debate on the American Colonies: Benjamin Franklin’s and Adam Smith’s Visions of Empire (1754-1776)
Authors: Petroff Florence
Published: November 2022

Avant que les treize colonies d’Amérique du Nord ne deviennent les États-Unis, le désir commun de maintenir un lien pérenne avec la Grande-Bretagne était la norme des deux côtés de l’Atlantique et a conduit à l’élaboration de plusieurs plans d’union. Cet article compare les projets de Benjamin Franklin et d’Adam Smith qui proposaient de réformer l’Empire britannique dans les années 1750 et 1770. Il étudie comment l’Écosse du xviie siècle, État souverain lié à l’Angleterre par la Couronne, et l’Union anglo-écossaise établie en 1707 ont servi de modèle et de contre-modèle dans le débat constitutionnel sur l’avenir des colonies américaines.
Les incitations à la coopération entre homo economicus : l’attractivité des procédures préventives en droit des entreprises en difficulté
Authors: Vessio Fabien
Published: November 2022

La directive (UE) 2019/1023 du 20 juin 2019 « restructuration et insolvabilité », transposée par l’ordonnance n° 2021-1193 du 15 septembre 2021 portant modification du livre VI du Code de commerce, a donné l’impulsion d’une uniformisation du recours aux procédures de prévention des difficultés au sein des États membres, réunissant des législations parfois culturellement très opposées autour de cette prépondérance donnée à la coopération des acteurs du marché. Les conséquences économiques et financières de la Covid-19, au travers desquelles des entreprises parfaitement viables sont sur le point de se trouver inexorablement en état de défaillance économique, renforcent, au-delà des mesures législatives ad hoc pour surpasser les difficultés conjoncturelles, l’importance des incitations de la loi en direction de ces procédures préventives.
Opportunities for growth in the growing field of psychobiotics
Authors: Wissel E. , Leon L. , Tipton L.
Published: November 2022

There is growing interest in the field of psychobiotics, which are probiotics that confer a mental health benefit when ingested. As this field grows, it should pay particular attention to three areas within psychobiotics research that are currently under-studied – sex (and gender) representation, fungi and the mycobiome, and vagus nerve activity. Giving these three domains more attention is currently feasible without significant increased investment of time or money. We discuss these three domains briefly, why they are of particular relevance for psychobiotics research, and how psychobiotics research can easily integrate their perspectives. Our recommendations are summarised in the conclusion, but include equal sex representation at all phases of research (human and animal studies), investigating the relationship between psychobiotics and commensal fungi, and measuring the activity of the vagus nerve in psychobiotics studies.
Effect of an exercise intervention during pregnancy on metabolic health parameters and delivery outcomes in Indian women
Authors: Pawalia A. , Yadav V. Singh , Pawalia K.
Published: November 2022

Moderate physical activity is important during pregnancy. However, this concept is new in India. This study reported the effect of an exercise intervention on weight changes and delivery outcomes in pregnant Indian women. 60 pregnant women in two groups underwent a pregnancy intervention between 20 weeks of gestation till delivery. Group 1 attended a supervised prenatal weekly exercise session with diet advise & walking for 30 min/day from 20 weeks of gestation till delivery. Group 2 received regular prenatal care at the hospital with general advice on physical activity during pregnancy. Outcome variables-body weight, body mass index (BMI), waist & hip circumference, gestational weight gain (GWG), post-partum weight retention (PPWR) and 2 delivery outcomes, i.e. mode of delivery and prolonged labour. The readings were taken at baseline, at delivery and at 2 months post-delivery. Intervention group retained less PPWR than the control at 2 months post-delivery. Similar results were found for various obesity parameters, waist (5.60±4.96 and 9.46±4.64, P=0.003) and hip (4.33±4.25 and 7.70±7.46, P=0.036) circumference and BMI at 2 months post-partum (2.41±1.65 and 4.28±3.75, P=0.015). Incidence of caesarean section and prolonged labour was less in intervention group too (P=0.012). The pregnancy lifestyle intervention significantly reduced weight retention, obesity parameters, and reduced pregnancy complications, in Indian women.

Clinical Trial Registry India no. CTRI/2017/04/008322
The effect of gamma irradiation, microwaves, and roasting on aflatoxin levels in pistachio kernels
Authors: Sadeghi E. , Solaimanimehr S. , Mirzazadeh M. , Jamshidpoor S.
Published: November 2022

Pistachio is the second largest non-oil export in Iran. The most important problem in pistachio export is its contamination with aflatoxin. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of several physical and chemical methods on the qualitative, qualitative and sensory properties of pistachios from Iran as well as the associated residual aflatoxin levels. This study investigated the effects of roasting (temperature 120 °C for 20 and 40 min), gamma radiation (2.5 and 5 KGy), and microwave (1 and 2 min) methods on pistachios and their qualitative characteristics, including moisture, colour, and sensory properties. In addition, aflatoxin B1 and total aflatoxins were artificially added to pistachios to determine the level of aflatoxin remaining after chemical and physical methods. The results showed that the lowest residual level of aflatoxin B1 was related to combined microwave and irradiation methods. Further, the combined methods showed the lowest total aflatoxins residue so the lowest total aflatoxins residue after chemical contamination of 8 μg/kg aflatoxin was related to the combined methods of 5 KGy irradiations with 2 min of the microwave. In addition, the microwaved and irradiated samples did not differ significantly from the control samples in terms of sensory characteristics (P<0.05). It can be concluded that these methods can be successfully applied without adversely affecting the characteristics of pistachios. Considering the position of pistachios in domestic and global markets, these processes can be used to reduce aflatoxins, improve the quality of pistachios, and increase export.
Some new estimates of well known inequalities for $ (h_1, h_2) $-Godunova-Levin functions by means of center-radius order relation
Authors: Afzal Waqar , Shabbir Khurram , Botmart Thongchai , Treanţă Savin
Published: November 2022

In this manuscript, we aim to establish a connection between the concept of inequalities and the novel Center-Radius order relation. The idea of a Center-Radius (CR)-order interval-valued Godunova-Levin (GL) function is introduced by referring to a total order relation between two intervals. Consequently, convexity and nonconvexity contribute to different kinds of inequalities. In spite of this, convex theory turns to Godunova-Levin functions because they are more efficient at determining inequality terms than other convexity classes. Our application of these new definitions has led to many classical and novel special cases that illustrate the key findings of the paper. Using total order relations between two intervals, this study introduces CR-$ (h_1, h_2) $-Goduova-Levin functions. It is clear from their properties and widespread usage that the Center-Radius order relation is an ideal tool for studying inequalities. This paper discusses various inequalities based on the Center-Radius order relation. With the CR-order relation, we can first derive Hermite-Hadamard ($ \mathcal{H.H} $) inequalities and then develop Jensen-type inequality for interval-valued functions ($ \mathcal{IVFS} $) of type $ (h_1, h_2) $-Godunova-Levin function. Furthermore, the study includes examples to support its conclusions.
Virtual Versus Physical Code-Switching in English Language Classrooms
Authors: Jehma Hambalee
Published: November 2022

This study aimed to investigate the students’ perceptions serving as a mirror reflecting what they perceived concerning whether applying the pedagogy of code-switching by the teacher and the students themselves was effective in both face-to-face and virtual setting English classrooms in comparison. The participants of this study were 114 English as a foreign language undergraduate student with their first language was Thai attending the fundamental English subject at a comprehensive university in Thailand for two semesters. They have attended the face-to-face classes in the first semester and the virtual setting classes in the following semester. The tools implemented to collect the data were the distribution of questionnaires online with the open-ended questions together with the classroom observation. The findings showed that applying the code-switching in the language classrooms was advised for only some specific setting and reasons as applying this strategy was perceived less necessary by the students either using the technique by the students themselves or by the teachers in the nowadays virtual classroom setting though it was considered as a natural phenomenon occurring rather often both in a class and in a normal situation. As an educator, applying this pedagogy should be carefully considered for making it most beneficial for the students.
Hybrid Authentication Combining Student Behavior and Knowledge for E-Evaluation Transparency and Equity Over E-Learning Platform
Authors: KHLIFI Yassine Ramadhane
Published: November 2022

COVID-19 has forced academic organizations to migrate rapidly to distance education or online (electronic) learning (e-learning) owing to its benefits, mainly offering innovative teaching and transparent evaluation. However, e-learning stakeholders, faculties, staff, and students have evoked evaluation security concerns regarding authenticating takers during the electronic evaluation (e-evaluation) comprising electronic assessment (e-assess) and examination (e-exam). This paper presents a hybrid scheme that resolves this challenge using a dynamic authentication method for supervising e-evaluation. This approach builds an active student profile employing students' information and behavior gathered during the courses' activities and uses them for managing unethical conduct during e-evaluation. The proposed scheme ensures continuous authentication using active questions made using operational students' profiles without a need for added components and extra cost. The student answers to the set of random queries developed dynamically, in terms of time and information, to ensure real-time authentication with e-evaluation transparency and equity. A mathematic model is developed and employed utilizing students' and courses' contents to enable a dynamic authentication algorithm throughout e-evaluation. The obtained results of the simulation work show that the authentication requirements are guaranteed at a low cost regardless of student number, e-evaluation content, anytime, and anywhere.
Construction and Implementation of Wireless Network Online Learning System Based on Edge Computing
Authors: Yang Jingmin , Lee Trong-Yen , Lee Wen-Ta , Xu Li
Published: November 2022

The traditional wireless network laboratory constructed with physical equipment prompts two obvious problems: high hardware investment and long experiment deployment time.  To address these issues, this study proposed a novel Wireless Network Physical Teaching System (WNPTS) based on Edge Computing (EC). Firstly, the isolation design of in-band and out-band network avoids the interference between management data and experimental data. Secondly, this study designed a unified experimental resource description method based on XML format, which is parsed and executed by parser and topology switcher to realize the rapid deployment of the experimental environment. In the edge computing layer, multiple Virtual Network Devices (VNDs) were implemented on one physical network device through the following mechanisms: in the process space, each virtual device used an independent working directory and files to build an application software cluster dedicated to each VND. In physical space, this study designed a novel fast-forwarding mechanism, which takes each switch engine chip as one allocation unit and maps the forwarding table in the kernel space to realize the fast data forwarding for each VND. Statistical analysis shows that, compared with traditional approach, WNPTS reduced the total fixed investment cost by 30.25%, shortened the Average Deployment Time of Experimental Environment (ADTEE) from 18.3 minutes to 2.75 minutes, and improved the Timely Completion Rate of Experiments (TCRE) from 59% to 70%.
Hierarchical Learning Management System for the Insurance Industry
Authors: Cheresharov Stoyan , Hristov Hristo , Tabakova-Komsalova Veneta , Naneva Veselina
Published: November 2022

This paper describes a model of a Hierarchical Learning Management System (HLMS) for the insurance industry. The problem is that LMSs are widely used, but not suitable for each educational environment and domain. The existing LMSs are with the general purpose and do not reflect the specific needs of different domains. The proposed LMS is a specific hierarchic system specially created for the insurance industry. The model uses a hierarchic approach to share, organize and present the learning content. It allows for building an LMS specific for the insurance industry which is reliable, efficient, fast, and easy to use by the insurance professionals.
Optimizing Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality for Customer Engagement
Authors: Bansal Rohit , Shukla Gunjan , Gupta Arjun , Singh Amandeep , Pruthi Nishita
Published: November 2022

Technological developments have advanced significantly. Augmented reality and virtual reality are emerging technologies and rapidly gaining popularity. Augmented reality combines the virtual world with real environment using digital visual elements, sound, or other sensory stimuli delivered via technology and creates an interactive experience. Virtual reality creates a 3D-simulated immersive environment. AR and VR are two sides of a coin. Virtual reality replaces what people see and experience whereas augmented reality actually adds to it. The study aims at understanding applications of augmented reality and virtual augmented technologies for optimizing customer engagement and challenges in implementing these technologies for developing customer engagement. The study being conceptual in nature is based on secondary sources. Efforts have been made to collect literature from every possible source including websites, journals, books, theses, etc.
Treatment of Health Data
Authors: De Angelis Stefania
Published: November 2022

The pandemic, from the very beginning, has overwhelmed the everyday life of all people and has strongly crystallized the need to correctly manage personal data relating to the health of patients if they can be used for scientific research and the collection of statistical data. Patient consent, public interest, and public health run counter to the right to the protection of personal data of Covid-19 patients. A balance must be struck between fundamental rights such as the right to privacy, the protection of personal data, and the public interest which translates into the protection of public health.
Management of Vaccines During the COVID-19 Pandemic and Distribution Techniques in Indonesia
Authors: Hanik Rizka Amalia
Published: November 2022

In the current Covid 19 period, everyone cares about their own health, this is because the spread of Covid is very fast and of course not visible, and can be transmitted through the air. Therefore, it is highly recommended that we use masks during activities and routinely replace them within a few hours. After a long time, finally a vaccine has been found and immediately given to all people in the world and of course the vaccine is different depending on the policy of the country. In this article, the author wants to explain more about several vaccines that have been used in Indonesia, and also how to manage them so that they can be distributed properly.
Association between non-O blood type and early unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion in women with and without inherited thrombophilia
Authors: Poretto Anna , Borella Elisabetta , Turatti Giacomo , Marobin Michelangelo , Campello Elena , Tormene Daniela , Simioni Paolo , Spiezia Luca
Published: November 2022

We retrospectively evaluated the prevalence of non-O blood type – the most frequently inherited prothrombotic factor – and inherited thrombophilia (IT) in a group of women with recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA). All consecutive women with a history of early unexplained RSA who underwent a screening for IT between December 2008 and December 2021 were considered for enrolment. A group of healthy, age-matched women with ≥1 normal pregnancy and no adverse pregnancy outcomes acted as controls. Two hundred and seventeen women were enrolled. The adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of RSA in non-O vs. O blood type was 1.37 (95% CI, 1.04-2.78), and in women with vs. without IT was 1.26 (95% CI, 1.08-3.61); aOR of RSA in women with non-O blood type and IT was 2.52 (95% CI, 1.12-5.47). We observed a significant association between non-O blood group or IT and RSA. The concomitant presence of non-O blood group and IT further increases RSA risk.
Role of carotid corrected flow time and peak velocity variation in predicting fluid responsiveness: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Singla Deepak , Gupta Bhavna , Varshney Pragya , Mangla Mishu , Walikar Beeraling Ningappa , Jamir Tiajem
Published: November 2022

Background: Dynamic parameters used for predicting fluid responsiveness require special equipment and are minimally invasive. Therefore, recent interest in the use of carotid artery ultrasound parameters, such as carotid corrected flow time (FTc) and peak velocity variation (ΔVpeak) has grown. Therefore, we performed this systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the ability of carotid FTc and/or ΔVpeak to accurately predict fluid responsiveness.Methods: We searched the PubMed and Embase databases for articles evaluating the diagnostic accuracy of carotid FTc or ΔVpeak for predicting fluid responsiveness. Two independent authors performed the search and selected studies published until May 2022. The studies were assessed for the inclusion and exclusion criteria using Rayyan (Rayyan Systems Inc., 2022).Results: Ten studies (n=438) that fulfilled the inclusion criteria were selected. Studies were divided into those assessing carotid FTc and those assessing carotid ΔVpeak. Five studies (six datasets) assessed FTc. The pooled sensitivity and specificity of carotid FTc were 0.76 and 0.88, respectively. The summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curve for carotid FTc had an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.9092, with a Q value of 0.8412. Seven studies calculated carotid ΔVpeak. The pooled sensitivity and specificity for ΔVpeak were 0.83 and 0.81, respectively. The SROC curve had an AUC of 0.8941 and a Q value of 0.8250.Conclusions: Our meta-analysis showed that both carotid FTc and ΔVpeak are useful for predicting fluid responsiveness in anesthesia and critical care settings with good specificity and sensitivity.