bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EE-eICIC: Energy-Efficient Optimization of Joint User Association and ABS for eICIC in Heterogeneous Cellular Networks
Authors: Zheng Jie , Gao Ling , Wang Hai , Niu Jinping , Li Xiaoya , Ren Jie
Published: September 2017

The densification and expansion of heterogeneous cellular networks (HetNets) pose new challenges on interference management and reduction of energy consumption. The 3GPP has proposed enhanced intercell interference coordination (eICIC) by making a macrocell silent in almost blank subframes (ABSs) to mitigate interference for low power base stations (BSs) in HetNets. However, energy efficiency (EE) is very crucial for the deployment of a large number of low power nodes as they consume a lot of energy. In this work, we develop a novel EE-eICIC algorithm to determine the amount of ABSs and user equipment (UE) that should associate with picocells or macrocells from energy efficiency perspective. Due to the nonsmooth and mixed combinatorial features of this formulation, we focus on a suboptimal algorithm design. Using generalized fractional programming and the convex programming theory, we propose an iterative and relaxed-rounding algorithm to solve the problem. Numerical results illustrate that the proposed EE-eICIC algorithm achieves superior performance in comparison with state-of-the-art methods in terms of energy efficiency of both system and user.
Flavonoid Composition and Biological Activities of Ethanol Extracts of Caryocar coriaceum Wittm., a Native Plant from Caatinga Biome
Authors: Alves Daniela Ribeiro , Maia de Morais Selene , Tomiotto-Pellissier Fernanda , Miranda-Sapla Milena Menegazzo , Vasconcelos Fábio Roger , Silva Isaac Neto Goes da , Araujo de Sousa Halisson , Assolini João Paulo , Conchon-Costa Ivete , Pavanelli Wander Rogério , Freire Francisco das Chagas Oliveira
Published: September 2017

Caryocar coriaceum fruits, found in Brazilian Cerrado and Caatinga, are commonly used as food and in folk medicine, as anti‐inflammatory, bactericide, fungicide, leishmanicide, and nematicide. Due to the biological potential of this plant, this study focuses on the evaluation of antifungal and antileishmanial activities, including anticholinesterase and antioxidant tests, correlating with total phenols and flavonoids content. Peel extracts contain higher yield of phenols and flavonoids as analyzed by spectrophotometric methods. HPLC analysis of flavonoids revealed that isoquercitrin is the main flavonoid in both parts of the fruit, and peel extract showed the best antioxidant activity. In the inhibition of the acetylcholinesterase assay, both extracts demonstrate action comparable to physostigmine. The antimicrobial activity of extracts was evaluated against strains of Malassezia sp. and Microsporum canis, using the broth microdilution technique, in which the extracts showed similar MIC and MFC. The extracts present antileishmanial activity and low toxicity on murine macrophages and erythrocytes. Therefore, these results suggest a potential for the application of C. coriaceum fruit’s ethanol extracts in the treatment against dermatophyte fungi and leishmaniasis, probably due to the presence of active flavonoids. Further in vivo studies are recommended aiming at the development of possible new pharmaceutical compounds.
Death by HDAC Inhibition in Synovial Sarcoma Cells
Authors: Laporte Aimée N. , Poulin Neal M. , Barrott Jared J. , Wang Xiu Qing , Lorzadeh Alireza , Vander Werff Ryan , Jones Kevin B. , Underhill T. Michael , Nielsen Torsten O.
Published: September 2017

Conventional cytotoxic therapies for synovial sarcoma provide limited benefit, and no drugs specifically targeting the causative SS18-SSX fusion oncoprotein are currently available. Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibition has been shown in previous studies to disrupt the synovial sarcoma oncoprotein complex, resulting in apoptosis. To understand the molecular effects of HDAC inhibition, RNA-seq transcriptome analysis was undertaken in six human synovial sarcoma cell lines. HDAC inhibition induced pathways of cell-cycle arrest, neuronal differentiation, and response to oxygen-containing species, effects also observed in other cancers treated with this class of drugs. More specific to synovial sarcoma, polycomb group targets were reactivated, including tumor suppressor CDKN2A, and proapoptotic transcriptional patterns were induced. Functional analyses revealed that ROS-mediated FOXO activation and proapoptotic factors BIK, BIM, and BMF were important to apoptosis induction following HDAC inhibition in synovial sarcoma. HDAC inhibitor pathway activation results in apoptosis and decreased tumor burden following a 7-day quisinostat treatment in the Ptenfl/fl;hSS2 mouse model of synovial sarcoma. This study provides mechanistic support for a particular susceptibility of synovial sarcoma to HDAC inhibition as a means of clinical treatment. Mol Cancer Ther; 16(12); 2656–67. ©2017 AACR.
Near Complete Response in a Patient with Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma Treated with Brentuximab Vedotin Concurrent with Radiation Therapy
Authors: Montana Wilbur , Buck Dennis Andrew , Smith Tristan
Published: September 2017

Brentuximab vedotin, an antibody drug conjugate that delivers monomethyl auristatin E into CD-30 expressing cells is FDA approved for the treatment of patients with Hodgkin lymphoma after the failure of autologous stem cell transplantation or at least 2 prior multi-agent chemotherapy regiments. This approval was based on a study that showed an overall response rate of 75% and complete remission in 34%. We present a case of a 24-year-old male with classical nodular sclerosing Hodgkin lymphoma who achieved near complete remission following 5 cycles of brentuximab concurrent with ISRT (involved site radiation therapy) following progression of first-line ABVD (Adriamycin, bleomycin, vinblastine, dacarbazine) and subsequent second-line ICE (ifosfamide, carboplatin, etoposide) chemotherapy. This case not only reiterates the efficacy of brentuximab vedotin in the third-line setting but introduces the role of and need for further clinical trials of combined radiotherapy with brentuximab in Hodgkin lymphoma patients following failure of second-line options.
Options for Dealing with Pressure Dependence of Pulse Wave Velocity as a Measure of Arterial Stiffness: An Update of Cardio-Ankle Vascular Index (CAVI) and CAVI0
Authors: Spronck Bart , Delhaas Tammo , Butlin Mark , Reesink Koen D. , Avolio Alberto P.
Published: September 2017

Pulse wave velocity (PWV), a marker of arterial stiffness, is known to change instantaneously with changes in blood pressure. In this mini-review, we discuss two main approaches for handling the blood pressure dependence of PWV: (1) converting PWV into a pressure-independent index, and (2) correcting PWV per se for the pressure dependence. Under option 1, we focus on cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI). CAVI is essentially a form of stiffness index β - CAVI is estimated for a (heart-to-ankle) trajectory, whereas β is estimated for a single artery from pressure and diameter measurements. Stiffness index β, and therefore also CAVI, have been shown to theoretically exhibit a slight residual blood pressure dependence due to the use of diastolic blood pressure instead of a fixed reference blood pressure. Additionally, CAVI exhibits pressure dependence due to the use of an estimated derivative of the pressure-diameter relationship. In this mini-review, we will address CAVI's blood pressure dependence theoretically, but also statistically. Furthermore, we review corrected indices (CAVI0 and β0) that theoretically do not show a residual blood pressure dependence. Under option 2, three ways of correcting PWV are reviewed: (1) using an exponential relationship between pressure and cross-sectional area, (2) by statistical model adjustment, and (3) through reference values or rule of thumb. Method 2 requires a population to be studied to characterise the statistical model, and method 3 requires a representative reference study. Given these limitations, method 1 seems preferable for correcting PWV per se for its blood pressure dependence. In summary, several options are available to handle the blood pressure dependence of PWV. If a blood pressure-independent index is sought, CAVI0 is theoretically preferable over CAVI. If correcting PWV per se is required, using an exponential pressure-area relationship provides the user with a method to correct PWV on an individual basis.
Establishing a Right Frontal Beta Signature for Stopping Action in Scalp EEG: Implications for Testing Inhibitory Control in Other Task Contexts
Authors: Wagner Johanna , Wessel Jan R. , Ghahremani Ayda , Aron Adam R.
Published: September 2017

Many studies have examined the rapid stopping of action as a proxy of human self-control. Several methods have shown that a critical focus for stopping is the right inferior frontal cortex. Moreover, electrocorticography studies have shown beta band power increases in the right inferior frontal cortex and in the BG for successful versus failed stop trials, before the time of stopping elapses, perhaps underpinning a prefrontal–BG network for inhibitory control. Here, we tested whether the same signature might be visible in scalp electroencephalography (EEG)—which would open important avenues for using this signature in studies of the recruitment and timing of prefrontal inhibitory control. We used independent component analysis and time–frequency approaches to analyze EEG from three different cohorts of healthy young volunteers (48 participants in total) performing versions of the standard stop signal task. We identified a spectral power increase in the band 13–20 Hz that occurs after the stop signal, but before the time of stopping elapses, with a right frontal topography in the EEG. This right frontal beta band increase was significantly larger for successful compared with failed stops in two of the three studies. We also tested the hypothesis that unexpected events recruit the same frontal system for stopping. Indeed, we show that the stopping-related right-lateralized frontal beta signature was also active after unexpected events (and we accordingly provide data and scripts for the method). These results validate a right frontal beta signature in the EEG as a temporally precise and functionally significant neural marker of the response inhibition process.
The Tensions of University–City Relations in the Knowledge Society
Authors: Liu Cui
Published: September 2017

The university–city relations are changing along with the engagement of universities in public service beyond teaching and research and the dependence of cities on networks rather than enclosure to promote urban competitiveness. Taking China as an example, this article discusses the challenges and tensions of university–city interaction in the knowledge society at the global, national, and local scales. At the global scale, there is mutual selection between universities and cities, which results in the polarized concentration of competitive universities in competitive cities. At the national scale, the retreat of the state in public service provision and the diffused entrepreneurship in the market leads to university–city coalitions with overlapping institutional spheres and institutional ambiguity. At the local scale, the campuses of urban universities are often planned in a de-urbanized way to meet the broader urban requirement. To ease such university–city tensions, it calls for the differentiation of development strategies, the institutionalization of entrepreneurial coalitions, and an operational definition of urban university.
Use of Nicotine in Electronic Nicotine and Non-Nicotine Delivery Systems by US Adults, 2015
Authors: Weaver Scott R. , Kemp Catherine B. , Heath J. Wesley , Pechacek Terry F. , Eriksen Michael P.
Published: September 2017

Nicotine in electronic nicotine and non-nicotine delivery systems (ENDS/ENNDS) may present a risk of harm to those with cardiovascular disease and the fetuses of pregnant women. We assessed the extent to which adult users of ENDS/ENNDS used these products with nicotine. We obtained data for this study from a national probability survey of 6051 US adults that was conducted in August and September 2015. Of 399 adult ENDS/ENNDS users who were current smokers, 337 (80.7%) used ENDS/ENNDS containing nicotine, whereas only 29 of 71 (36.9%) ENDS/ENNDS users who were never smokers used ENDS/ENNDS containing nicotine. Assessments of the population health impact of ENDS/ENNDS use among never smokers should take into account the extent to which use involves nicotine.
Numerical simulation of migration characteristics of the two-phase interface in water–gas displacement
Authors: Lu Weiyong , Huang Bingxiang
Published: September 2017

The process of water–gas displacement in water–drive gas reservoirs has been always an important research topic. However, knowledge about the flow patterns of water–gas flow under different conditions is insufficient at present. To investigate the variation of the geometry and position of the water–gas interface as well as the water flooding efficiency with time during water–gas displacement, the distribution law of water and gas at the microcosmic scale is simulated and analysed based on the geometric model of a single pore channel abstracted from the parallel tube bundle model and continuous tube bundle model of a porous medium reservoir, with the help of laminar two-phase flow and the level set module of COMSOL Multiphysics. The simulation results show the following: (1) Under the combined effects of the boundary layer effect, interfacial tension and pore diameter changes in water–gas displacement, the shape of the water–gas interface changes from a tongue-shape to a U-shape, during which a series of interface shapes, including a piston shape, finger shape, W-shape and Ω-shape, are observed. In the pore channel, the area of the water phase below the pore channel axial is larger than that above the pore channel axial. (2) The pore-throat ratio has a considerable impact on the shape and location of the water–gas interface as well as the displacement efficiency. When the water–gas displacement is from a small pore-channel to a large one, the displacement efficiency increases as the pore-throat ratio decreases. On the contrary, if the water–gas displacement is from a large pore channel to a small one, the displacement efficiency increases as the pore-throat ratio increases. Numerical simulation can be used to study the shape and location of the water–gas interface as well as the displacement efficiency in pore channels with different scales of diameters.
Does the Timing of Auditor Changes Affect Audit Quality? Evidence From the Initial Year of the Audit Engagement
Authors: Cassell Cory A. , Hansen James C. , Myers Linda A. , Seidel Timothy A.
Published: September 2017

We focus on the first year of the auditor–client relationship and investigate whether audit quality varies with the timing of the new auditor’s appointment. We find that audit quality is not lower for companies that engage new auditors before the end of the third fiscal quarter than for companies that do not change auditors. However, companies that engage new auditors during or after the fourth fiscal quarter are more likely to misstate their audited financial statements than companies that engage new auditors earlier in the year and companies that do not change auditors. In additional tests, we find that the decrease in audit quality associated with late auditor changes is more pronounced for companies with complex operations (i.e., more operating segments). These results suggest that the extent to which audit quality suffers in the first year of audit engagements is affected by both the amount of time required to understand the client’s business, assess risks, and perform the audit (all of which are driven by client complexity), as well as the amount of time available for auditors to perform these tasks.
Does Business Strategy Impact a Firm’s Information Environment?
Authors: Bentley-Goode Kathleen A. , Omer Thomas C. , Twedt Brady J.
Published: September 2017

This study examines whether a firm’s business strategy affects their information environment. Organizational theory suggests that firms following an innovative “prospector” strategy have greater incentives to provide more frequent voluntary disclosures than firms following an efficient “defender” strategy. Furthermore, prospectors are more likely to attract greater coverage by external information intermediaries. We find that prospectors engage in more frequent management earnings guidance, issue more press releases, and are followed by more financial analysts compared with defenders. Next, we examine the association between business strategy and information asymmetry. We find that despite prospectors having attributes associated with information asymmetry (e.g., R&D, growth options), prospectors have lower information asymmetry than defenders. We attribute this finding to prospectors’ greater access to both internal and external sources of disclosure compared with defender firms, which we confirm using mediation analysis. Collectively, our results suggest that business strategy does affect firms’ information environments, incremental to known determinants, and that strategy serves as a useful context for understanding a firm’s underlying information environment.
Competing populisms in post-authoritarian Indonesia
Authors: Hadiz Vedi R , Robison Richard
Published: September 2017

Populist politics have become more prominent in Indonesia. On the one hand, this is indicated by the presidential elections of 2014, when two rival candidates brandished somewhat different nationalist populist ideas. On the other hand, historically rooted secular nationalist and Islamic-oriented forms of populism have become entangled within elite conflicts. The context is discontent about perceived systemic injustices unaddressed in nearly two decades of decentralised democracy after a prior three decades of centralised authoritarian rule. In the absence of liberal and Leftist challenges to the entrenched oligarchy, politics is becoming characterised by competition between different populisms. But rather than being transformative, these populisms are harnessed to the maintenance of oligarchic domination.
Post-populism in Zambia: Michael Sata’s rise, demise and legacy
Authors: Fraser Alastair
Published: September 2017

Models explaining populism as a policy response to the interests of the urban poor struggle to understand the instability of populist mobilisations. A focus on political theatre is more helpful. This article extends the debate on populist performance, showing how populists typically do not produce rehearsed performances to passive audiences. In drawing ‘the people’ on stage they are forced to improvise. As a result, populist performances are rarely sustained. The article describes the Zambian Patriotic Front’s (PF) theatrical insurrection in 2006 and its evolution over the next decade. The PF’s populist aspect had faded by 2008 and gradually disappeared in parallel with its leader Michael Sata’s ill-health and eventual death in 2014. The party was nonetheless electorally successful. The article accounts for this evolution and describes a ‘post-populist’ legacy featuring of hyper-partisanship, violence and authoritarianism. Intolerance was justified in the populist moment as a reflection of anger at inequality; it now floats free of any programme.
Acute caffeine ingestion affects surround suppression of perceived contrast
Authors: Nguyen Bao N , Hew Sui-Ann , Ly John , Shin Hee-Young , Wong Jessica C , Yeung Emily , McKendrick Allison M
Published: September 2017

Caffeine is a widely used psychostimulant that is associated with increased acetylcholine levels in mammalian brain and acetycholinesterase antagonism. Acetylcholine, a neuromodulator, plays an important role in the processing of visual information. One key example in human vision, thought to at least partly involve cholinergic neuromodulation, is perceptual surround suppression of contrast, whereby the perceived contrast of a pattern is altered by the presence of a neighbouring pattern. Perceptual surround suppression is weaker with pharmacological administration of donepezil (a centrally-acting acetylcholine enzyme inhibitor) in healthy human observers. Here, we test whether temporarily manipulating caffeine levels (from complete washout to a controlled dose of caffeine) has a similar effect on perceptual surround suppression in 21 healthy young adults (aged 20–24 years, 11 females). Neither ingestion of a caffeine pill nor placebo altered contrast judgments when the target pattern was presented on a uniform grey background ( p=0.54). With caffeine ingestion, perceptual surround suppression strength was reduced relative to baseline (prior to pill ingestion, p=0.003) and placebo ( p=0.029), irrespective of whether the surround was oriented parallel or orthogonal to the central target. While daily habitual caffeine consumption of low-to-moderate doses (<400 mg/day, estimated from a written questionnaire) is not predictive of performance, our study indicates that acute consumption of caffeine on the day of testing influences perceptual surround suppression strength. Perceptual surround suppression is predominantly attributed to inhibitory processes involving the major cortical inhibitory neurotransmitter, gamma-aminobutyric acid. Our results point to the involvement of other neuromodulators, possibly cholinergic, in perceptual surround suppression.
Neoadjuvant or Adjuvant Therapy for Resectable Esophageal Cancer: Is There a Standard of Care?
Authors: Almhanna Khaldoun , Shridhar Ravi , Meredith Kenneth L.
Published: September 2017

Background

Carcinoma of the esophagus is an aggressive and lethal disease with an increasing incidence worldwide. Despite changes in the treatment approach over the past two decades and even following complete resection, most patients will eventually relapse and die as a result of their disease. Several clinical trials evaluated different modalities in treating locally advanced esophageal cancer; however, because of stage migration and the changes in disease epidemiology, applying these trials to clinical practice has become a daunting task.

Methods

We searched Medline and conference abstracts for randomized studies published in the past three decades. We restricted our search to articles published in English.

Results

Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by surgical resection is an accepted standard of care in the United States for patients with locally advanced esophageal cancer. Esophagectomy remains an essential component of treatment and can lead to improved overall survival, especially when performed at high-volume institutions. The role of adjuvant chemotherapy following curative resection in patients who underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy and radiation remains unclear.

Conclusions

Several questions still need to be answered regarding the use of neoadjuvant or adjuvant therapy for patients with resectable esophageal cancer. The optimal chemotherapy regimen has not yet been identified for these patients, although newer therapies show promise.
Enforcement tool or strategic instrument? The initiation of ex-post legislative evaluations by the European Commission
Authors: van Voorst Stijn , Mastenbroek Ellen
Published: September 2017

Whereas the European Commission officially intends to periodically evaluate all major European Union legislation in force, in practice it only evaluates a minority of major regulations and directives. This article tries to explain the variation in the initiation of such ex-post legislative evaluations by the Commission with the help of two theoretical motives: an enforcement motive and a strategic motive. Based on two novel datasets and binary logistic regression analysis, the results show that the type and complexity of the legislation, the presence of an evaluation clause and the evaluation capacity of the responsible Directorates-General enhance the chances of evaluation. These findings indicate that ex-post legislative evaluations are at least partly driven by the Commission's need to enforce legislation.
Employing a Quasi-Experimental Technique to Measure the Effects of Conditional Admissions
Authors: Zilvinskis John , Borden Victor , Severtis Ronald E.
Published: September 2017

Colleges and universities employ conditional admission policies to identify students with subpar academic qualifications, who may need additional support to succeed. Using institutional data of more than 2,000 students, the study applies labeling theory to a quasi-experimental design (difference-in-differences testing), measuring the effects of a new conditional admission policy. The policy did not affect grade point average, number of credits attempted, or persistence for students with lower academic credentials but yielded a 16% decrease in credits completed. The results of this study question the value of policies that label students as conditional admits without providing comprehensive support for those students.
Technique for Intramedullary Stabilization of Ulnar Neck Fractures
Authors: Abboudi Jack , Sandilands Scott M. , Hoffler C. Edward , Kirkpatrick William , Emper William
Published: September 2017

Background: Distal ulna fractures at the ulnar neck can be seen in association with distal radius fractures, and multiple techniques have been described to address the ulnar neck component of these injuries. We have found that treatment of ulnar neck fractures can be challenging in terms of anatomy and fracture fixation. We present a new percutaneous fixation technique for ulnar neck fractures commonly seen with distal radius fractures. Technique: Fixation of the ulnar neck fracture is performed after fixation of the distal radius fracture. Our technique uses anterograde intramedullary fixation to stabilize the fracture with a 1.6-mm (0.062 inch) Kirschner wire or a commercially available metacarpal fixation intramedullary nail. The fixation is introduced into the intramedullary space of the ulnar shaft 4 to 6 cm proximal to the fracture at a separate surgical site along the subcutaneous border of the ulna. The fixation is also supported with a sugar-tong splint for the first few weeks after surgery and requires removal of the ulnar implant approximately 10 weeks after implantation. Conclusion: Our technique utilizes a percutaneous approach with minimal fracture exposure. It provides a relatively simple and reproducible method to address ulnar neck fractures commonly seen in association with distal radial fractures.
Veterans’ health
Authors: Hindmarsh RAMC Major David , Smith RAMC Lieutenant Colonel Mike
Published: September 2017

Military veterans provide an interesting dynamic to consultations. The stresses that are placed upon them are different to those on the general population. The veteran may have an extensive past medical history that has led them to return to civilian life and needs to be carefully explored. This article aims to cover specific mental health, physical health, and administrative issues that may arise when consulting with veterans. Better understanding of these medical issues may help improve health and transition into civilian life for military veterans.
The Myth of Partisan Selective Exposure: A Portrait of the Online Political News Audience
Authors: Nelson Jacob L. , Webster James G.
Published: September 2017

Many assume that in a digital environment with a wide range of ideologically tinged news outlets, partisan selective exposure to like-minded speech is pervasive and a primary cause of political polarization. Yet, partisan selective exposure research tends to stem from experimental or self-reported data, which limits the applicability of their findings in a high-choice media environment. We explore observed online audience behavior data to present a portrait of the actual online political news audience. We find that this audience frequently navigates to news sites from Facebook, and that it congregates among a few popular, well-known political news sites. We also find that political news sites comprise ideologically diverse audiences, and that they share audiences with nearly all smaller, more ideologically extreme outlets. Our results call into question the strength of the so-called red/blue divide in actual web use.
Is the Newest Vital Sign a Useful Measure of Health Literacy in HIV Disease?
Authors: Kordovski Victoria M. , Woods Steven Paul , Avci Gunes , Verduzco Marizela , Morgan Erin E.
Published: September 2017

Background:

Limited health literacy is common among persons infected with HIV and has been linked to poor mental and physical health outcomes, but there are no well-validated screening measures of health literacy in this vulnerable clinical population. The present study evaluates the usefulness of the Newest Vital Sign (NVS) as a brief measure of health literacy in HIV disease.

Methods:

Seventy-eight HIV+ adults were administered the NVS, Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Medicine (REALM), and Single Item Literacy Screener (SILS). Main criterion variables included plasma HIV viral load, medication management capacity, self-efficacy for medication management, and perceived relationships with healthcare providers.

Results:

The NVS showed good internal consistency and moderate correlations with the REALM and SILS. Rates of limited health literacy were highest on the NVS (30.3%) as compared to SILS (6.6%) and REALM (9.2%). A series of regressions controlling for education showed that the NVS was incrementally predictive of viral load, medication management capacity and self-efficacy, and relationships with healthcare providers, above and beyond the REALM and SILS.

Conclusion:

The NVS shows evidence of reliability, convergent validity, and incremental criterion-related validity and thus may serve as useful screening tool for assessing health literacy in HIV disease.
Mouse models of metastasis: progress and prospects
Authors: Gómez-Cuadrado Laura , Tracey Natasha , Ma Ruoyu , Qian Binzhi , Brunton Valerie G.
Published: September 2017

Metastasis is the spread of cancer cells from a primary tumor to distant sites within the body to establish secondary tumors. Although this is an inefficient process, the consequences are devastating as metastatic disease accounts for >90% of cancer-related deaths. The formation of metastases is the result of a series of events that allow cancer cells to escape from the primary site, survive in the lymphatic system or blood vessels, extravasate and grow at distant sites. The metastatic capacity of a tumor is determined by genetic and epigenetic changes within the cancer cells as well as contributions from cells in the tumor microenvironment. Mouse models have proven to be an important tool for unraveling the complex interactions involved in the metastatic cascade and delineating its many stages. Here, we critically appraise the strengths and weaknesses of the current mouse models and highlight the recent advances that have been made using these models in our understanding of metastasis. We also discuss the use of these models for testing potential therapies and the challenges associated with the translation of these findings into the provision of new and effective treatments for cancer patients.
Static and Intertemporal Household Decisions
Authors: Chiappori Pierre-Andre , Mazzocco Maurizio
Published: September 2017

We discuss the most popular static and dynamic models of household behavior. Our main objective is to explain which aspects of household decisions different models can account for. Using this insight, we describe testable implications, identification results, and estimation findings obtained in the literature. Particular attention is given to the ability of different models to answer various types of policy questions. (JEL D11, D13, D15, I38)
Uruguayan Carnival during the Last Dictatorship. The Evolution of a New Way of Resistance
Authors: Rivera Rodríguez Gabriela
Published: September 2017

Abstract. The paper proposes to trace the evolution of Uruguayan carnival from the viewpoint of left-wing movements, from its beginnings to its evolution as a tool to resist the military and dictatorial government that lasted from 1973 to 1985. In this period the conception of the carnival changed significantly, from being an evasion spectacle to a tool in the resistance movement. Special attention is given to the analysis of the the consequences of censorship in Murga spectacles, as it contributed to the consolidation of the tablado as not only a space for collective entertainment but as a space for political and aesthetic resistance.
Analytical Formation of Drug Management System
Authors: Иванова Оксана , Ivanova Oksana , Солдатова Любовь , Soldatova Lyubov' , Кривцова Ирина , Krivcova Irina , Кожина Алёна , Kozhina Alena
Published: September 2017

Analysis of the processes that have a significant influence on the General condition of the people, identifying the causes, conditions and factors contributing to the emergence of adverse trends in the health of the population, requires the study of formation of system of management of product range to pharmaceutical organizations. The monograph presents the possibility of applying ABC and XYZ – analysis, combining their results, as a means of control system product range for the selection of highly profitable groups without violating the principles of assortment policy. With the help of economic – mathematical Toolkit proves the need to assess the whole range of companies to further control those or other groups that will ensure the reliability of the organization as a whole.
Designed for researchers, managers and specialists, post-graduates and bachelors in the specialty "Economy".
MEMAHAMI ADAPTASI PENDUDUK TERHADAP PERUBAHAN IKLIM UNTUK PEMENUHAN KEBUTUHAN AIR BERSIH DI PULAU-PULAU KECIL BELITUNG DAN BINTAN
Authors: Rachmawati Laksmi
Published: September 2017

Freshwater is an essential need for human being thus a sufficient supply of it it is required. Naturally, small islands are vulnerable. The occurence of climate change the vulnerability of these islands increase. Changes on temperature and precipitation can alter the hydrological cycle and will directly affect the water supply in small islands. This paper examines various adaptation efforts implemented by local population and government in small islands situated in Belitung and Bintan. Using quantitative method (survey to 400 respondents) and qualitative method (interview and focus group discussion), the research found that the adaptation has already taken place. The responsive/reactive and anticipatory adaptation are managed by government and local people who live in these small islands. Some of the adaptation actions are widening water storage, buying, searching for new water resources, desalination of salt water, rain water harvesting and improvement of water distribution. In addition, local mangrove management in Selat Nasik acts as adaptation functions for barriers of salt water intrusion. However, water governance has not been prioritized although it is proven to be necessary to support adaptive capacity for fresh water fulfillment Keywords: Fresh Water Fulfillment, Small Islands, Adaptation, Responsive/Reactive, Anticipatory, Adaptive Capacity, Water Governance
Investigation of health care workers’ stress, depression and anxiety levels in terms of work-related violence
Authors: Biçkes Durdu Mehmet , Çizmeci Bülent , Göver Hakan , Pomak Iclal
Published: September 2017

Behaviors and attitudes of the people who are in the same setting, such as service beneficiaries, co-workers and the others, have a determining effect on the mood of the people who provide the service. This effect can become either positive or negative depending on the course of action. Positive mood manifests itself as the feeling of happiness, security, appreciation, pride and etc. However, negative mood manifests itself as feeling of sorrow, disappointment, loneliness, stress, anxiety, depression and etc. Such kind of interactions is much more observed in health sector than any other workplaces due to intensive relations between service providers (health workers) and service beneficiaries (patients). So, this sector is the leading one which workplace violence is intensively observed. This study was carried out in order to investigate the effects of workplace violence on the stress, anxiety and depression levels of health care professionals. With this purpose, a survey was performed on the employees who work in a training and research hospital. According to the findings, significant differences were determined between the stress, anxiety and depression levels of health-care workers and the frequency of exposure to violence. In the light of the study findings, some recommendations were proposed to researchers and decision-makers.// // // // // // // // // // // // // // Annotate Highlight // Annotate Highlight
Truss-based community search
Authors: Akbas Esra , Zhao Peixiang
Published: September 2017

We consider the community search problem defined upon a large graph
G
: given a query vertex
q
in
G
, to find as output all the densely connected subgraphs of
G
, each of which contains the query
v
. As an
online, query-dependent
variant of the well-known community detection problem, community search enables
personalized
community discovery that has found widely varying applications in real-world, large-scale graphs. In this paper, we study the community search problem in the
truss-based model
aimed at discovering all dense and cohesive
k
-truss communities to which the query vertex
q
belongs. We introduce a novel equivalence relation,
k-truss equivalence
, to model the intrinsic density and cohesiveness of edges in
k
-truss communities. Consequently, all the edges of
G
can be partitioned to a series of
k
-truss equivalence classes that constitute a space-efficient, truss-preserving index structure, EquiTruss. Community search can be henceforth addressed directly upon EquiTruss
without
repeated, time-demanding accesses to the original graph,
G
, which proves to be theoretically optimal. In addition, EquiTruss can be efficiently updated in a dynamic fashion when
G
evolves with edge insertion and deletion. Experimental studies in real-world, large-scale graphs validate the efficiency and effectiveness of EquiTruss, which has achieved at least an order of magnitude speedup in community search over the state-of-the-art method, TCP-Index.
Dhalion
Authors: Floratou Avrilia , Agrawal Ashvin , Graham Bill , Rao Sriram , Ramasamy Karthik
Published: September 2017

In recent years, there has been an explosion of large-scale real-time analytics needs and a plethora of streaming systems have been developed to support such applications. These systems are able to continue stream processing even when faced with hardware and software failures. However, these systems do not address some crucial challenges facing their operators: the manual, time-consuming and error-prone tasks of tuning various configuration knobs to achieve service level objectives (SLO) as well as the maintenance of SLOs in the face of sudden, unpredictable load variation and hardware or software performance degradation.

In this paper, we introduce the notion of
self-regulating
streaming systems and the key properties that they must satisfy. We then present the design and evaluation of Dhalion, a system that provides self-regulation capabilities to underlying streaming systems. We describe our implementation of the Dhalion framework on top of Twitter Heron, as well as a number of policies that automatically reconfigure Heron topologies to meet throughput SLOs, scaling resource consumption up and down as needed. We experimentally evaluate our Dhalion policies in a cloud environment and demonstrate their effectiveness. We are in the process of open-sourcing our Dhalion policies as part of the Heron project.
The Impact of University Support on the Creation of Student Entrepreneurs: Evidence from South Korea
Authors: Choi Kyungmin , Park Jongwon , Cho Daegon , Chu Hyo-Youn
Published: September 2017

This study examines the effect of investment by universities on student entrepreneurial activities, with an emphasis on the mediating effect of educational support. The effectiveness of university support on students’ entrepreneurial aspirations and motivations has long been of interest to researchers; however, the outcomes of previous studies are inconclusive. These studies mostly used survey data from a fraction of universities in a given country. To treat this topic more comprehensively, we empirically analyze how university support of entrepreneurial activities affects the number of student founders using a nationwide panel data set annually collected by a government agency in South Korea. Our findings suggest a significant and positive effect of university investment in entrepreneurship on the number of student founders. Differential mediating effects are observed according to the type of educational support. The results of this study may provide guidance in policy development for university and college educators in the form of a few recommendations for policymakers based on an understanding of the effectiveness of investments related to entrepreneurial activities.
Verbreitung der Medikamenteneinnahme und des klinisch relevanten Medikamentengebrauchs basierend auf dem Epidemiologischen Suchtsurvey 2015
Authors: Piontek Daniela , Atzendorf Josefine , Gomes de Matos Elena , Kraus Ludwig
Published: September 2017

Repräsentative Ergebnisse zur Verbreitung der (problematischen) Einnahme von Medikamenten in Deutschland liegen aus dem Epidemiologischen Suchtsurvey (ESA) 2015 vor. In den letzten 12 Monaten haben demnach 62,6% der 18- bis 64-jährigen Erwachsenen mindestens ein Medikament eingenommen. Von den erfassten Arzneimittelgruppen wurden Schmerzmittel am häufigsten genutzt. Insgesamt 6,0% der Frauen und 4,5% der Männer zeigten Hinweise auf einen klinisch relevanten Gebrauch von Medikamenten.
Industrie-Einflüsse auf die Arzneimittelversorgung – mehr Unabhängigkeit ist möglich
Authors: Koch Cora , Lieb Klaus
Published: September 2017

Beziehungen zwischen Ärzteschaft und pharmazeutischen Unternehmen (pU) führen zu Interessenkonflikten, die das ärztliche Urteilsvermögen beeinflussen können. Dies kann zu unnötig teuren oder sogar schädlichen Verschreibungen führen. Transparenz und die Vermeidung von Interessenkonflikten soweit möglich sowie der Besuch von unabhängigen Fortbildungsveranstaltungen und die Nutzung von unabhängigen Informationsmedien sind Möglichkeiten, die ärztliche Unabhängigkeit von pU zu erhalten.
Al-Ris?la (attributed to al-Š?fi??) and the Question of Vagueness in Islamic Legal Hermeneutics
Authors: Belhaj Abdessamad
Published: September 2017

This article investigates the problem of legal vagueness in Islamic legal hermeneutics. In particular, it examines al-Ris?la’s (attributed to al-Š?fi??) approach to use language as an argument for the clarity of legal discourse. It argues that ambiguity, although recognized as a legal hermeneutic problem, was not tolerated within Islamic legal discourse. It also makes the case that al-Ris?la’s stance develops early reverse pragmatics or pragmatics-for-apologetics in Islamic legal theory.
Arguing the Archive: ??h? ?Abd al-Ra?m?n, Mu?ammad ??bid al-J?bir?, and the Future of Islamic Thought
Authors: Kigar Samuel
Published: September 2017

This article analyzes an argument between the Moroccan philosophers, Taha ?Abd al-Ra?m?n (b. 1944) and Mu?ammad ??bid al-J?bir? (1936 – 2010). In the 1990s, ?Abd al-Ra?m?n claimed that al-J?bir? had misread Islamic intellectual history by failing to grasp its connection to the Arab-Muslim community. After showing that the differences between ?Abd al-Ra?m?n and al-J?bir? cannot be reduced to differences in European philosophy, this article proposes that a theory of the archive better conceptualizes their differences than MacIntyre’s notion of “tradition,” a common theoretical posture in Islamic studies. The archive, as elaborated by Jacques Derrida (to whom these thinkers are also compared), emphasizes the importance of difference, or an encounter with alterity, and repetition to Muslim intellectual history. The significance of these themes is demonstrated by showing how ?Abd al-Ra?m?n and al-J?bir? read the debate between Matt? ibn Y?n?s (d. 940) and Ab? al-?asan al-S?r?f? (d. 979) on grammar and logic.
Species richness of Eurasian Zephyrus hairstreaks (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae: Theclini) with implications on historical biogeography: an NDM/VNDM approach v1
Authors: Zhuang Hailing , Yago Masaya , Settele Josef , Li Xiushan , Ueshima Rei , V. Grishin Nick , Wang Min
Published: September 2017

The steps that species richness were calculated in each grid cell within DIVA-GISVersion 5.2,andendemicityanalysis(EA) performed by NDM to identify areas of endemism.
Massively Parallel Qubit DNA Quantification Using OpenTrons v3
Authors: Huang Suzy
Published: September 2017

This is a protocol for using theOpentrons, anautomated pipetting robot, to transfer Qubit solution and samples to use on the Qubit Flurometer. Here, we use OpenTrons to prepare 96 samples for qubit measurement. This protocol also saves time byrequiring only one initial calibration for each container.
简议市政自来水管道工程的施工要点及其质量控制
Authors: 朱 晓东
Published: September 2017

市政工程作为城市基础设施建设的重要部分，给国家和人民都带来了很多好处，想要使得市政工程的功能真正得到发挥，更好地为人类和社会提供服务，就必须要保证市政工程的质量。
市政工程施工项目管理问题及对策探讨
Authors: 叶 小玲
Published: September 2017

随着城市化建设深入发展，很多地区都在完善市政工程项目建设，由于市政工程建设的特殊性，需要加强现场施工管理，确保项目各项工作顺利进行。本文简要分析市政工程施工过程中的管理问题，并提出相应的解决措施，希望能够协助市政施工企业完善各项工作，为可持续健康发展提供保障。
水库工程建设的施工管理探析
Authors: 宋 文杰
Published: September 2017

我们国家的经济建设迅速发展，修建了很多保障民生的工程。水库的工程就是其中一种。在水库进行建设的时候，一定要做好施工的管理，保证工程的质量。我市地基位置优越水资源丰富，所以要充分利用好水资源，保障市民的生产和生活。所以，做好施工管理，这样不仅能够提高工程的质量，还能促进建设成本的降低，让企业得到一定的经济效益。文章就对水库工程建设的施工管理进行了探讨，希望有一些帮助。
工业与民用建筑工程结构设计管理问题
Authors: 张 晓峰
Published: September 2017

在工程建设设计阶段，工程结构设计管理对于进一步加强工程管理理念起到了很大的促进作用。建筑工程结构设计管理在建筑结构设计阶段对于设计过程、设计重点作出详细的分析、指导和审核，展现出重要价值。因此，对建筑结构设计实施科学化管理，可以促使建筑结构设计目标更高效和更好的实现。接下来，文章针对工业与民用建筑工程结构设计管理问题进行论述。
城市规划的横向思维
Authors: 费 佳
Published: September 2017

城市规划是有价值观和视角的，它要为经济发展服务，也要建立社会公平；城市规划应当是针对问题和解决问题的，每一个城市规划都应当以解决问题为向导；规划工作的基本目标应该是保持经济的增长（效率）和充分就业（公平）的平衡。
Fisioterapia Nefrológica: Mejora De La Calidad De Vida Mediante Un Programa De Acondicionamiento Físico En Pacientes Con Enfermedad Renal Crónica En Una Unidad De Hemodiálisis En Mexico
Authors: Ovando Itzel Yeyetzin González , Malagón Genaro Vega
Published: September 2017

Objective: To analyze the improvement of the quality of life in the physical sphere through an effective physiotherapy program of physical conditioning in patients with Chronic Renal Disease in the Hemodialysis Unit in México. Methodology: Prospective longitudinal comparative study, pre and post treatment, in which the efficacy of a physiotherapeutic intervention and treatment and its impact on the quality of life during 20 weeks in a group of 25 patients with chronic renal disease undergoing hemodialysis were quantified. To evaluate the efficacy of the treatment, the study was divided into 5 stages and the KDQOL-SFTM questionnaire. Results: Results: In the physical sphere measured by the applied KDQOLSF ™ instrument, the best results have been obtained, since statistically significant differences (p <0.05) were found between the variables of the decrease in difficulty in bending and bending M 2.28 DE (0.842) versus M 2.64 DE (0.700) P 0.047, loads and transfers M 2.08 D.E (0.953) versus M 2.48 D.E (0.714) P 0.015, and decrease in difficulty in bathing and dressing (MV) M 2.56 D.E. (0.711) versus M 2.88 D.E (0.331) P 0.029, variables analyzed in the pre and post physiotherapeutic intervention, respectively. Conclusion: All patients showed a significant improvement in strengthresistance thanks to the physical-fitness program intradiálisis, increased the functional capacity and improved the physical sphere component of the quality of life of patients with Chronic Renal Disease.