bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Electronic Structure, Magnetism and Magnetocrystalline Anisotropy of Antiferromagnetic Semiconducting Chalcopyrite
Authors: Tsogbadrakh Namsrai , Jargalan Narmandakh , Batgerel Balt , Tsookhuu Khinayat
Published: April 2023

Herein, we have predicted the electronic and magnetic properties and magnetocrystalline anisotropy (MCA) of the most stabilized antiferromagnetic (AFM) ground state of bulk chalcopyrite (CuFeS$_{2}$) and films with various different thicknesses. We have shown that the easy axis of bulk structure is along the [001] direction and it agrees with the results of neutron measurements. For the CuFeS$_{2}$ film, our results have indicated that the ground state of ultra-thin film is ferromagnetic (FM) and the easy axis of ultra-thin film is in-plane. As increased the thickness of the film, its ground state becomes the AFM, and the easy axis is changed as out-plane. It may be a natural candidate material for integrating spintronics.
Cooperative but Distinct Role of Medullary Thymic Epithelial Cells and Dendritic Cells in the Production of Regulatory T Cells in the Thymus
Authors: Morimoto Junko , Matsumoto Minoru , Oya Takeshi , Tsuneyama Koichi , Matsumoto Mitsuru
Published: April 2023

Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are produced in the thymus to establish self-tolerance, and agonistic stimuli by self-Ags play a pivotal role in this process. Although two types of APCs, medullary thymic epithelial cells (mTECs) and dendritic cells (DCs), are responsible for presenting self-Ags together with costimulatory/cytokine signals, the distinct role of each APC in producing Tregs remains enigmatic. We have approached this issue by depleting the mTECs and DCs using mice expressing diphtheria toxin receptors driven by Aire and CD11c promoters, respectively. Depletion of mTECs showed an effect on Treg production quantitatively and qualitatively more profound than that of DCs followed by the development of distinct organ-specific autoimmune lesions in the hosts. Because self-Ags produced by mTECs are transferable to DCs through a process known as Ag transfer, we monitored the process of Ag transfer using mice expressing GFP from TECs. Although GFP expressed from total TECs was effectively transferred to DCs, GFP expressed from cortical TECs was not, suggesting that mTECs are the predominant source of self-Ags. We also found that GFP expressed not only from mature mTECs but also from immature mTECs was transferred to DCs, suggesting that a broad spectrum of molecules were subjected to Ag transfer during mTEC development. Interestingly, the numbers of recirculating non-Tregs producing IL-2, an important source for Treg expansion in the thymus, were reduced only in the mTEC-depleted mice. These results suggested the cooperative but distinct role of mTECs and DCs in the production of Tregs to avoid autoimmunity.
Myocardial Immune Cells: The Basis of Cardiac Immunology
Authors: Cohen Charles D , Rousseau Sylvie T , Bermea Kevin C , Bhalodia Aashik , Lovell Jana P , Zita Marcelle Dina , Čiháková Daniela , Adamo Luigi
Published: April 2023

The mammalian heart is characterized by the presence of striated myocytes, which allow continuous rhythmic contraction from early embryonic development until the last moments of life. However, the myocardium contains a significant contingent of leukocytes from every major class. This leukocyte pool includes both resident and nonresident immune cells. Over recent decades, it has become increasingly apparent that the heart is intimately sensitive to immune signaling and that myocardial leukocytes exhibit an array of critical functions, both in homeostasis and in the context of cardiac adaptation to injury. Here, we systematically review current knowledge of all major leukocyte classes in the heart, discussing their functions in health and disease. We also highlight the connection between the myocardium, immune cells, lymphoid organs, and both local and systemic immune responses.
Nuclear changes in pathogen-infected tomato roots
Authors: Lingua G , Dâ€™Agostino G , Fusconi A , Berta G
Published: April 2023

We have investigated nuclear changes induced in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) root plants by two different pathogens, a phytoplasma of the stolbur group and the soil-borne fungus Phytophthora nicotianae var. parasitica, using light and electron microscopy as well as flow cytometry. Our results show that both pathogens strongly influenced nuclear structure, causing pyknosis and chromatolysis, and induced variations in proportion of nuclear populations with different DNA content, increasing the 2C and decreasing the 4C nuclear populations. These latter results suggest a block of the endoreduplication process in the presynthetic phase of the host cell cycle. Moreover, in pathogen-infected roots, nuclei of the same DNA content were less fluorescent, and therefore had a lower DNA content, compared to those of controls, as confirmed by morphological analyses. Our findings suggest that different stimuli may evoke similar nuclear changes, and confirm the usefulness of flow cytometry as a tool to recognize the stress conditions related to the presence of a pathogen.
Cellulose in algal cell wall : an “in situ” localization
Authors: Baldan B , Andolfo P , Navazio L , Tolomio C , Mariani P
Published: April 2023

In order to ascertain the presence and the in muro localization of cellulose, the enzyme-gold affinity test was applied to algal cell walls. The high specificity of affinity cytochemistry allowed us, by using the enzyme cellulase, to confirm the available biochemical data and to give a map of the cellulose localization in different algal groups. Taking into account the complex skeletal polysaccharide structure and composition of the algal cell walls, this method proved to be a reliable tool in this field.
Gender differences in burden of care and coping strategies among caregivers of schizophrenia patients
Authors: Kumar Santosh , Dixit Vidhata , Ali Ramjan , Chaudhury Suprakash
Published: April 2023

Background:

Caregivers of patients with schizophrenia have a considerable burden of care and develop different coping strategies to deal with the caregiving burden.

Aim:

The aim of this article is to assess gender differences in the burden of care and coping strategies used among caregivers of clinically stable patients with schizophrenia.

Methods:

In this cross-sectional study, a total of 57 caregivers (33 males and 24 females) of the patients with schizophrenia attending a psychiatric outpatient setting were included by purposive sampling. The caregivers were assessed with the Burden Assessment Schedule 20 items (BAS-20) and Brief Approach/Avoidance Coping Questionnaire (BACQ) to assess the burden of care and coping strategies, respectively.

Results:

Average BAS-20 score was comparable between the male and female caregivers. If the patient was a spouse, the male caregivers had a significantly higher burden of the marital relationship than the female caregivers. On the BACQ, the socio-emotional approach subscale was significantly higher in female caregivers. The avoidance-oriented coping score and socio-emotional avoidance subscale were significantly higher in male caregivers. A significant positive correlation was found between BAS-20 score and avoidance-oriented coping scores in all caregivers except the females where a significant negative correlation was found between BAS score and socio-emotional avoidance type of coping.

Conclusion:

There are no gender differences in the burden of care in caregivers of clinically stable patients with schizophrenia except the male caregivers have a higher burden in the domain of marital relationship. The socio-emotional approach type of coping is higher in females while the socio-emotional avoidance type of coping is lower in male caregivers.
Peripheral ulcerative keratitis secondary to chronic Citrobacter koseri canaliculitis
Authors: Hsieh Hsiu-Hui , Shen Elizabeth P.
Published: April 2023

Citrobacter
koseri is a rarely reported ocular pathogen. It may induce severe peripheral corneal inflammation and subsequent perforation by canaliculitis. Timely detection of the reservoir of this pathogen would halt its progression. The purpose of this study was to report a rare presentation of C. koseri chronic canaliculitis complicated with perforating peripheral ulcerative keratitis (PUK). A 71-year-old female who had several episodes of C. koseri conjunctivitis in the past 6 months was admitted to our infection ward under the impression of fever that was suspected to be related to urinary tract infection. She had concurrent copious mucopurulent discharge and blurred vision. Ocular examination disclosed hyperemic conjunctiva and an oval-shaped corneal infiltrate at 5–6 o’c periphery, which later rapidly progressed to PUK and corneal perforation. Despite aggressive treatment, the cornea continued to thin, and a second perforation occurred. After meticulous examination of the ocular adnexa, irrigation of inferior canaliculi revealed pustular discharge with profuse concretions indicating chronic canaliculitis. A cutaneous-lacrimal fistula was also found. Frequent antibiotic irrigation of the canaliculus finally halted the corneal melting and the cornea healed. Although rare, C. koseri may not only cause chronic canaliculitis but also induce peripheral corneal inflammation mimicking autoimmune-related PUK. Identification of C. koseri from conjunctival swab cultures should prompt the physicians to check chronic persistent canaliculus infections, which may help prevent rapidly progressive corneal inflammation and thus perforation. Management of C. koseri canaliculitis-induced PUK must also include antibiotic irrigation to eradicate canaliculitis infection at the reservoir and not just topical antibiotics.
Emerging Automotive Battery Chemistries: Hedging Market Bets
Authors: Kolodziejczyk Bart
Published: April 2023

There is an urgent need to decarbonize various industry sectors, including transportation; however, this is difficult to achieve when relying solely on today’s lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery technology. A lack of sufficient supply of critical materials—including lithium, nickel, and cobalt—is a major driving force behind research, development, and commercialization of new battery chemistries that can support this energy transition. Many emerging chemistries do not face the same supply, safety, and often durability challenges associated with Li-ion technology, yet these solutions are still very immature and require significant development effort to be commercialized.

Emerging Automotive Battery Chemistries: Hedging Market identifies and evaluates various chemistries suitable for deployment in the automotive industry and describes advantages, disadvantages, and development challenges for each identified technology. Additionally, it outlines development timelines, contending that, to benefit from these new technologies in a decade or so, commercialization needs to begin today (e.g., de-risking critical material supply chains, developing circular approaches). The report also proposes policy interventions to enable developments of these new chemistries and to allow those immature technologies to compete with well-established Li-ion batteries.

Click here to access the full SAE EDGETM Research Report portfolio.
Improving Narrative Feedback for Resident-Led Academic Rounds: The Effects of Assessment Form Design Changes
Authors: Courtis Sara , Rachul Christen , Fotti Sarah , Fleisher Wil
Published: April 2023

Background

Learners benefit more from narrative feedback than numerical scores on formative assessments, yet they often report that feedback is lacking in quality and quantity. Changes to the formatting of assessment forms is a practical intervention with limited literature regarding its impact on feedback.

Objective

This study explores the effect of a formatting change (ie, relocating the comment section from the bottom of a form to the top) on residents' oral presentation assessment forms and if this affects the quality of narrative feedback.

Methods

We used a feedback scoring system based on the theory of deliberate practice to evaluate the quality of written feedback provided to psychiatry residents on assessment forms from January to December 2017 before and after a form design change. Word count and presence of narrative comments were also assessed.

Results

Ninety-three assessment forms with the comment section at bottom and 133 forms with the comment section at the top were evaluated. When the comment section was placed at the top of the evaluation form, there were significantly more comment sections with any number of words than left blank (X2(1)=6.54, P=.011) as well as a significant increase in the specificity related to the task component, or what was done well (X2(3)=20.12, P≤.0001).

Conclusions

More prominent placement of the feedback section on assessment forms increased the number of sections filled as well as the specificity related to the task component.
How Do Postgraduate Trainees Prepare for New Clinical Learning Environments?
Authors: Gifford Kimberly A. , Kieffer Kelly A. , Choi Eunjung
Published: April 2023

Background

Transitioning to a new clinical learning environment (CLE) requires learning new skills, roles, teams, workflows, and culture. We previously identified activities and questions to guide orientation in the categories of who, what, where, when, why, and how. There is limited literature about how learners plan for this transition.

Objective

Describe how postgraduate trainees prepare for a clinical rotation, based on qualitative analysis of narrative responses within a simulated orientation experience.

Methods

In June 2018, incoming residents and fellows in multiple specialties at Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center completed an online simulated orientation that asked how they intended to prepare for their first rotation. We used directed content analysis to code their anonymously collected responses using the orientation activities and question categories from our prior study. We used open coding to describe additional themes.

Results

Narrative responses were available for 97% (116 of 120) of learners. While 46% (53 of 116) of learners listed preparations related to what happens in the CLE, responses fitting into other question categories were less frequent: who (9%, 11 of 116), where (7%, 8 of 116), when (4%, 5 of 116), why (<1%, 1 of 116), and how (0%, 0 of 116). Learners also infrequently described activities to aid the transition: reading orientation materials (11%, 13 of 116), speaking with a colleague (11%, 13 of 116), and arriving early (3%, 3 of 116). They more frequently commented on content reading (40%, 46 of 116), asking for advice (28%, 33 of 116), and self-care (12%, 14 of 116).

Conclusions

When describing preparation for a new CLE, residents focused on tasks in the what category more than understanding the system and learning goals in other categories.
A Qualitative Study on the Outcomes of Participation in a Longitudinal Clinician Educator Curriculum During Internal Medicine Residency
Authors: Yang Yihan , Sankey Christopher , Gielissen Katherine
Published: April 2023

Background

Despite increasing prevalence of longitudinal clinician educator tracks (CETs) within graduate medical education (GME) programs, the outcomes of these curricula and how participation in these tracks affects early career development remains incompletely understood.

Objective

To describe the experience and outcomes of participating in a CET and its effects on recent internal medicine residency graduates' perceived educator skills and early career development.

Methods

We conducted a qualitative study between July 2019 and January 2020 using in-depth semi-structured interviews of recently graduated physicians from 3 internal medicine residencies at one academic institution who had participated in a CET, the Clinician Educator Distinction (CED). Iterative interviews and data analysis was performed via an inductive, constructionist, thematic analysis approach by 3 researchers to develop a coding and thematic structure. Results were sent electronically to participants for member checking.

Results

From 21 (out of 29 eligible) participants, thematic sufficiency was reached at 17 interviews. Four themes related to the CED experience were identified: (1) motivation to go beyond the expectations of residency; (2) educator development outcomes from Distinction participation; (3) factors enabling curricular efficacy; and (4) opportunities for program improvement. A flexible curriculum with experiential learning, observed teaching with feedback, and mentored scholarship allowed participants to enhance teaching and education scholarship skills, join a medical education community, transform professional identities from teachers to educators, and support clinician educator careers.

Conclusions

This qualitative study of internal medicine graduates identified key themes surrounding participation in a CET during training, including positively perceived educator development outcomes and themes surrounding educator identity formation.
An Early Evaluation of Remote Site Visits for ACGME Program Applications
Authors: Segal Lee S. , Chow Andrea , Robertson William W. , Drvaric David M. , Mulligan Margaret H. , Martinez Serge
Published: April 2023

Background

Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, accreditation site visit interviews occurred in-person. In response to the pandemic, the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) developed a remote site visit protocol.

Objective

To perform an early assessment of the remote accreditation site visits for programs applying for initial ACGME accreditation.

Methods

A cohort of residency and fellowship programs that had remote site visits was evaluated from June to August 2020. Surveys were sent to program personnel, ACGME accreditation field representatives, and executive directors following the site visits. Comparison of accreditation decisions (Initial Accreditation or Accreditation Withheld) was completed for matched residency or fellowship programs having in-person site visits in 2019.

Results

Surveys were sent to all program personnel from the 58 residency and fellowship programs that had remote site visits for new program applications, as well as the accreditation field representatives who performed the remote visits. The survey response rate was 58% (352 of 607). Ninety-one percent of all respondents were extremely or very confident that remote site visits provided a thorough assessment of proposed residency or fellowship programs. Fifty-four programs having remote site visits were matched by specialty to programs having had in-person program application site visits in 2019. Forty-six programs that had remote site visits received Initial Accreditation, and 52 programs that had in-person site visits in 2019 received Initial Accreditation (P=.093, 95% CI 0.91-22.38).

Conclusions

Most program personnel and accreditation field representatives were confident that remote site visits conducted for program applications provided fair and thorough assessments of the program.
Presence, Resilience, and Compassion Training in Clinical Education (PRACTICE): A Follow-Up Evaluation of a Resident-Focused Wellness Program
Authors: Szuster Richard R. , Onoye Jane , Matsu Courtenay
Published: April 2023

Background

Graduate medical education is demanding, and many residents eventually experience a reduced sense of well-being. Interventions are in development, but knowledge gaps remain in terms of time commitment and efficacy.

Objective

To evaluate a mindfulness-based wellness program for residents—PRACTICE (Presence, Resilience, and Compassion Training in Clinical Education).

Methods

PRACTICE was delivered virtually by the first author in the winter and spring of 2020-2021. The intervention totaled 7 hours delivered over 16 weeks. An intervention group of 43 residents (19 primary care and 24 surgical) participated in PRACTICE. Program directors electively enrolled their programs, and PRACTICE was integrated into residents' regular educational curriculum. The intervention group was compared to a non-intervention group of 147 residents whose programs did not participate. Repeated measure analyses were conducted before and after the intervention using the Professional Fulfillment Index (PFI) and Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ)-4. The PFI measured professional fulfillment, work exhaustion, interpersonal disengagement, and burnout; the PHQ-4 measured depression and anxiety symptoms. A mixed model was used to compare scores between the intervention and non-intervention groups.

Results

Evaluation data were available from 31 of 43 (72%) residents in the intervention group, and from 101 of 147 (69%) residents in the non-intervention group. Significant and sustained improvements were demonstrated in professional fulfillment, work exhaustion, interpersonal disengagement, and anxiety in the intervention group versus the non-intervention group.

Conclusions

Participation in PRACTICE resulted in improvements in measures of resident well-being that were sustained over the 16-week duration of the program.
Educational Outcomes of Diversity Curricula in Graduate Medical Education
Authors: Chung Arlene S. , Cardell Annemarie , Desai Smruti , Porter Evelyn , Ghei Ridhima , Akinlosotu Joanna , Ogedegbe Chinwe
Published: April 2023

Background

Education is an important step toward achieving equity in health care. However, there is little published literature examining the educational outcomes of curricula for resident physicians focused on diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI).

Objective

Our objective was to review the literature to assess the outcomes of curricula for resident physicians of all specialties focused on DEI in medical education and health care.

Methods

We applied a structured approach to conducting a scoping review of the medical education literature. Studies were included for final analysis if they described a specific curricular intervention and educational outcomes. Outcomes were characterized using the Kirkpatrick Model.

Results

Nineteen studies were included for final analysis. Publication dates ranged from 2000 to 2021. Internal medicine residents were the most studied. The number of learners ranged from 10 to 181. The majority of studies were from a single program. Educational methods ranged from online modules to single workshops to multiyear longitudinal curricula. Eight studies reported Level 1 outcomes, 7 studies reported Level 2 outcomes, 3 studies reported Level 3 outcomes, and only 1 study measured changes in patient perceptions due to the curricular intervention.

Conclusions

We found a small number of studies of curricular interventions for resident physicians that directly address DEI in medical education and health care. These interventions employed a wide array of educational methods, demonstrated feasibility, and were positively received by learners.
On the Legislative Reform and Citizen Perceptions for the Local Governance and Democracy as Challenges of a Post-communist Society: The Case of Albania
Authors: Kume Andon
Published: April 2023

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the development of legislative reforms for local self-self-government in Albania in order to identify the problems and challenges faced by a society that is developing the capacity for the functioning of local self-government whilst lacking historical experience and is under the influence of the effects of the trauma caused by the communist regime. The analysis of this legislative process and the perceptions of citizens highlights the challenges faced by the organization and functioning of local self-government in developing democracies and the need for interventions to be made in legislation for the effective functioning of representative and direct democracy at the level of local.
Discretion as a Government Policy Innovation in Indonesia
Authors: Saputra Rahmat , Muttaqin Zainal , Affandi Hernadi , Rompis Adrian E.
Published: April 2023

The research aims to find out how discretion is implemented as a form of government policy innovation in Indonesia. The importance of discretion for local governments to provide innovative policies for ideal government services. This study uses normative legal research methods with statutory approaches, conceptual approaches, case approaches, and comparative approaches. The analytical method used is descriptive and prescriptive methods. The results of the discussion show that discretionary arrangements that are implemented as a form of government policy innovation are steps that must be taken in supporting innovative officials as an effort to find common ground between innovation and law, not to be passive in realizing innovation. Discretionary criteria as government policy innovations in their implementation are assessed based on four aspects: authority, limits, testing, and judicial control. The ideal discretionary model in making innovation policies to realize bureaucratic reform must be based on the main values of the welfare state. In addition, discretionary policies must follow Pancasila values, as well as collaboration between authorities. Discretionary policies must follow the general principles of good governance (AUPB). Thus, it is necessary to have additional principles as a basis for implementing discretionary innovation policies in realizing bureaucratic reform, namely the principle of motivation, the principle of fair play, the principle of prohibition of detournement de pouvoir, the principle of justice, the principle of freedom, the principle of integrity, the principle of real goals, the principle of effectiveness and the principle of participation.
Analyzing the Web Sites of Metropolitan Municipalities in Turkey in Terms of Digital Access Indicators
Authors: Tutar Hasan , Parlak İsmail Hakkı , Tuzcuoğlu Ferruh , Başpınar Nuran Öztürk , Nam Selçuk
Published: April 2023

E-government and e-municipality practices, which have gained critical importance in terms of the spread of citizen-oriented service and participatory management approach in local governments, have become a state policy in many countries. In Turkey, within the framework of restructuring the public administration and the e-transformation strategy, e-municipality practices are being expanded in local governments. One of the critical developments in the field of public administration in Turkey recently is e-government applications and e-municipality, which is its reflection on local governments. E-municipality applications are used as a local government strategy to quickly meet the citizens' municipal needs and reduce service costs. In this study, e-municipality services of metropolitan municipalities in Turkey; It is intended to be analyzed in terms of accessibility, performance, Searches Engine Optimization, and Best Practice indicators. The research findings show that the e-municipal services of metropolitan municipalities in Turkey should be improved significantly, given the mentioned indicators.
TANTANGAN, PELUANG, DAN STRATEGI PENDIDIKAN KRISTEN PADA ERA DISRUPSI
Authors: Yuli Purwisasi , Tambunan Sannur , Karbui Titus , Damanik Roy , Bani Yulianus
Published: April 2023

Penelitian mengenai strategi pendidikan Kristen pada era disrupsi sangat perlu dilakukan sebagai kesiapan gereja dalam menghadapi tantangan pada era ini. Gereja perlu meletakkan dasar pengajarannya pada pengajaran dan tindakan Tuhan Yesus melalui firman-Nya di dalam Alkitab. Pendidikan Kristen pada masa kini mengalami banyak tantangan, dengan kemudahan dalam mengakses setiap informasi, setiap orang senderung memiliki ketertarikan untuk menyendiri, karena sudah terlalu asik dengan media online yang diaksesnya dan telah memberikan cukup pengaruh negatif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menemukan tantangan pendidikan kristen pada era disrupsi, peluang serta strategi pendidikan kristen pada era disrupsi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif. Melalui penelitian ditemukan bahwa perkembangan teknologi yang begitu pesat, menjadi tantangan bagi pendidikan kristen pada masa disrupsi. Disamping itu, dengan memanfaatkan teknologi yang ada menjadi peluang bagi pendidikan Kristen menjadi lebih mudah disampaikan pada masyarakat luas tanpa batas. Strategi yang dapat dilakukan adalah pendidikan Kristen harus disampaikan dengan teknologi yang saat ini sedang berkembang dan digunakan oleh masyarakat luas.
Merestorasi Manusia Kota
Authors: Sitompul David Pardomuan
Published: April 2023

Hukum Tahun Yobel (Im. 25:8-55) merupakan hukum dalam Perjanjian Lama (PL) yang cukup populer di kalangan umat Kristen karena isinya berbicara tentang merestorasi kehidupan rakyat miskin dan tertindas sehingga lepas dari kemiskinan dengan cara mengembalikan kembali tanah dan properti kepada mereka pada Tahun Yobel. Akan tetapi, untuk tanah dan properti yang dimiliki oleh orang Israel non-Lewi yang berada di kota yang berpagar tembok (Im. 25:29-31) yang sudah tergadaikan justru tidak berada dalam perlindungan hukum Tahun Yobel karena waktu untuk menebusnya hanya satu tahun jika tidak dia akan dimiliki orang yang menghutangi secara permanen. Hal ini kontras dengan tanah dan properti di kota yang dimiliki oleh orang Lewi, mereka masih bisa mendapatkan rumahnya kembali pada tahun Yobel jika rumah tersebut telah digadaikan atau bahkan dijual sebelumnya (Lih. Im. 25:32-34). Pemikiran kontradiktif ini muncul dari konteks Imamat 25 yaitu periode pendudukan bangsa Persia di tanah Yehuda (539-333 SM). Penulis Imamat 25 dihadapkan pada dua pandangan tentang kota yang kontradiktif, yaitu pandangan teologis yang positif tentang kota dan realitas historis yang negatif tentang kota. Akhirnya, kedua pandangan ini menghasilkan perlakuan Hukum Tahun Yobel yang kontradiktif terhadap orang nonLewi dan Lewi yang mempunyai properti di kota sebagai solusi untuk merestorasi manusia yang hidup dalam perkotaan.

Kata kunci: perjanjian lama, tahun yobel, imamat 25:29-34, kota
Bibliometric And Literature Review Of Financing Risk In Islamic Banking
Authors: Budianto Eka Wahyu Hestya
Published: April 2023

This study aims to show the map of research developments about the risk of financing in Islamic banking using a literature review approach. The object of this research is financing risk. Data sources come from searches of national and international journals indexed by Google Scholar, Sinta, and Scopus through the Publish or Perish software. Data analysis techniques include: mapping RIS (research information systems) data files on Mendeley Desktop based on the order of year, author, and publisher; mapping the results of visualization of bibliometric networks and trends in scientific publications using VOSviewer software; and mapping research topics. The results showed that the number of publications had increased significantly every year. Based on the bibliometric mapping, research on financing risk was obtained, which was grouped into 5 clusters and 85 items along with six gap research. Meanwhile, based on the results of a literature review study, eight main themes surround the risk of financing in Islamic banking. This study can be a reference for future research.
BMT Development Strategies In The Era Of Covid-19 Pandemic With A SWOT Analysis Approach
Authors: Suherman Usep Deden , Suyandi Dedi
Published: April 2023

This research aims to analyze the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats to the positioning and development strategy of Baitul Maal Wa Tamwil (BMT) in West Java in the Era of the Covid-19 Pandemic. The descriptive qualitative research method was used. The study was conducted at 6 BMTs in the West Java region Technique of data analysis used is SWOT analysis. The results of the calculation of the SWOT matrix produce several alternative strategies, namely utilizing government support for Islamic banking by increasing the types of Sharia products, approaching potential investors even though capital is limited considering the public interest in the Islamic economy is very high, making regional regulations on sharia economics, establishing cooperation and partnerships with other financial institutions to obtain capital, capacity building of human resources, training, and development activities through partnerships with other banks that apply sharia principles. The implications of the results of this research are as input material for the development of new policies, strategies, and efforts to develop BMT both in the pandemic era and after the Covid-19 pandemic and to develop theories for alternative strategies in developing BMT in the Covid-19 pandemic era.
MODERATION IN ISLAMIC COMMUNICATION PERSPECTIVES OF TADABBUR ALQURAN
Authors: Lubis Muya Syaroh Iwanda , Nst Asrindah , Sabaruddin S Sabaruddin S
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACTThis research was set aside in 2019 as a year of international moderation by the UN general assembly. Since then, the moderate movement particularly in Indonesia has been carried out massively throughout the realms of life. The problem is what moderates the context of islamic communication? And what about moderation in the Koran? The method is a qualitative description based on library studies with a Koran tadabbur approach. The invention is that moderation is a godlike, social responsibility, unity and universal humanity. The principle to be noted is: first, moderation must be measured and always within the circle of shalloath. Second, moderation must frame the spirit of being the best people. Third, moderation must be a central pillar supporting the civility of Islam to become the life and mercy of the human universe.Keywords: moderi, islamic communications, Koran tadabbur
AGRICULTURAL SECTOR IN JHARKHAND: AN OVERVIEW OF THE PERFORMANCE
Authors: Singh Dr. Umendra
Published: April 2023

Agriculture sector is a key sector of the eighty percent rural population of Jharkhand. The average productivity of Jharkhand is lower than national and international average in terms of all four major crops of Rice, Wheat, Maize and pulses, except the productivity of Pulses in Jharkhand. The production of the ‘Agriculture, forestry and fishing sector’ includes 14.5 % of the Gross State Value Added (GSVA) of the state. The contribution of Agriculture+ Sector in states’ GSDP is increasing with an average of 16.02% during 2011-12 to 2017-18.Diversification of agricultural sector and promotion to sustainable agriculture are required to address the ongoing issues.
Considerations in occlusal vertical dimension rehabilitation
Authors: Juanita Mariska , Jubhari Eri Hendra
Published: April 2023

The vertical dimension is one of the important aspects that affect facial appearance, because it is related in facial height ratio. The vertical occlusal dimension is the height of the lower face measured from two points (infra-nasal and gnation points) when the maxillary and mandibular teeth were occlusion in the maximum intercuspal position. In complex cases, tooth wear can result in a decrease in facial height because the predominant wear on the anterior teeth encourages downward movement of the condyles when the intercuspal is maximum so that the vertical di-mension decreases. In addition, factors that cause a decrease in the vertical dimension are loss of posterior teeth accompanied by skeletal disharmony or accompanied by tooth abrasion and migration. The purpose of this paper is to explain how to restore the decreased occlusal vertical dimensions. Things that need to be considered are di-vided into two, extraorally and intraorally. Extraoral considerations are in the form of a large reduction in OVD, fa-cial esthetics and conditions of the temporomandibular joint. The parameters considered intraoral were the remain-ing tooth structure and occlusion. It was concluded that tooth wear due to functional and parafunctional activities can result in dimensional changes in facial morphology as well as a decrease in the occlusal vertical dimension. Correct OVD rehabilitation is an important factor in the success of rehabilitation treatment.
Cinturas periféricas na periferia do capitalismo
Authors: Cardoso Ana Claúdia , Castro Luana , Oliveira Kamila
Published: April 2023

O planeta está em uma emergência climática, e muito se fala sobre a prioridade de preservação de florestas, mas a conexão entre cidade e natureza ainda é pouco compreendida na floresta tropical brasileira. Na Amazônia, 80% da população vive em cidades, onde duas metrópoles – Belém e Manaus são referências para as cidades menores. Esta pesquisa identifica e espacializa as fases de formação de cinturas periférica para essas metrópoles, os processos socioeconômicos, usos e atores envolvidos na sua produção ou afetados por seu desaparecimento, sob a luz de uma socioecologia. As cinturas periféricas são marcadores de fases de expansão e estagnação nas duas cidades, onde as cinturas mais preservadas são aquelas destinadas a usos institucionais; porém, há rápido desaparecimento destes interstícios, seja por ocupação informal, seja por ação do setor imobiliário, face ao intenso fluxo migratório para as duas cidades. Conclui-se que a convergência entre aspectos ecológicos, de planejamento e morfologia urbanos é urgente porque tanto dentro quanto fora das cidades a floresta é meio de produção da população nativa e de prestação de serviços ecossistêmicos, e porque os circuitos curtos e fluxos de conexão entre cidade e floresta favorecem a vida tanto local quanto globalmente.
Specific Sound Frequency Improves Intrinsic Water Efficiency in Rice Leaf by Imparting Changes in Stomatal Dimensions
Authors: Jusoh Mashitah , Ramlee Shairul Izan , Pydi Faiznur Iffah , Mazlan Nur Aishah , Berahim Zulkarami , Muhamad Mujab Azzami Adam , Sinniah Uma Rani , Yeoh Joanne Pei Sze , Khalid Khalisanni , Yaapar Muhammad Nazmin
Published: April 2023

Various attempts have been made to increase rice production, including breeding for high-yielding and stress-tolerant varieties, a good crop management system, and increased agricultural input in rice production. Soundwave stimulation has been demonstrated to affect plant growth; thus, this method can be employed in the current rice production methods to improve yield. The study aims to determine the effects of different sound wave qualities on the general growth, physiological, and morphological of rice seedlings. Rice seeds of the MR219 variety were grown under a glasshouse condition in a nested design with five replications and were stimulated with various sound wave frequencies. Various sound wave frequencies, 380, 359, 357, 353, and 350 Hz, were obtained by placing the pot at varying distances (80, 160, 240, 320, and 400 cm, respectively) from the sound source, except control treatment. There were significant effects in some of the parameters: plant height, leaf physiology, and stomatal pore and length when treated with varying sound wave qualities. Plants can be stimulated with 380, 357, and 350 Hz soundwaves frequencies for the best photosynthetic experience. In addition, 359 Hz of sound wave stimulation resulted in high water use efficiency, which is beneficial in improving crop performance in drought conditions. Thus, it was demonstrated that the sound wave stimulation method has the potential to enhance rice performance in addition to the regular agronomic practices of rice production in farmers’ fields.
Effects of Spacing on Early Growth Rate and Yield of Hybrid Eucalyptus Stands
Authors: Fernandes Guilherme Luiz , Casas Gianmarco Goycochea , Fardin Leonardo Pereira , Nogueira Gilciano Saraiva , Leite Rodrigo Viera , Couto Laercio , Leite Hélio Garcia
Published: April 2023

Optimizing tree spacing in a forest plantation is one of the main management techniques to improve stand quality and productivity. Its influence on growth from an early age is an important matter for forest management. This study aims to evaluate the effect of tree spacing on early growth rate and yield over time in Eucalyptus grandis × Eucalyptus camaldulensis hybrids. The data were obtained from an experiment in Itamarandiba, Minas Gerais, Brazil. The plots were composed of five planting spacing (3.00 m × 0.50 m, 3.00 m × 1.00 m, 3.00 m × 1.50 m, 3.00 m × 2.00 m, and 3.00 m × 3.00 m) measured at the ages of 7, 12, 24, 36, 48, 61, 77, 85, and 102 months. Growth and yield were analyzed by fitting the Gompertz model and a baseline exponential model up to 36 months of age to evaluate the influence of early growth on the harvest age. A Pearson correlation matrix was also generated to find out the relationship between the mean annual increment in the respective treatments during the studied period. It was observed that a positive correlation in the average annual increase in the 3 × 2 and 3 × 3 spacings. It was verified that tree spacing influenced the yielded wood volume and the optimal harvest age. The early growth rate influences the optimal harvest, which may explain a possible loss of yield during the productive cycle of the forest stand.
Experimental and Numerical Analysis of the Performance of Various Damper Materials
Authors: Premnath Mithun , Gopi Kriparaj Kareveliparambil
Published: April 2023

The vibration in ships causes structural fatigue, damage to electrical and mechanical devices, excessive level of noise and discomfort to the passengers and crews. Sometimes the increase in ship vibration leads to unsafe operating conditions and thereby discarding it. Thus, the research on vibration reduction is essential in the maritime field and this paper deals with the reduction of vibrations in marine machinery using elastomeric bearings. The numerical analysis of the performance of passive vibration isolators with different damping materials was conducted using ANSYS and the results are validated experimentally. With the help of a vibration exciter, vibration transmissibility at different frequencies is plotted and the hysteresis curve was generated numerically by applying a cyclic load to the bearing. Then, the best damping material was deducted by comparing the calculated loss factor of different elastomeric materials such as natural rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber and polybutadiene Rubber (PBR) and their combinations. The natural rubber blended with styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) and polybutadiene rubber (PBR) shows an increase in the damping property of the elastomer and can be used for high-frequency damping applications.
HIGHLIGHTS

Study of damping property of various elastomers. Experimental as well as numerical analysis were done to find the loss factor of elastomers
The transmissibility curve of the elastomers was plotted at different frequencies ranging from 10 - 4000 Hz using a vibration exciter and the loss factor was calculated using half power band width method
Hysteresis curve of elastomers were generated numerically using ANSYS software and the loss factor of the elastomers was calculated theoretically

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
The Role of Assimilate Dynamic in Rice Grain Filling Under Two Nitrogen Conditions
Authors: Nurhermawati Renica , Lubis Iskandar , Junaedi Ahmad
Published: April 2023

The assimilate obtained during the grain filling phase is sourced from photosynthesis and Non Structural Carbohydrate (NSC) reserves produced during the vegetative phase in the vegetative organs. Assimilate from different sources plays different roles in the grain filling process. This study aims to investigate varietal difference on assimilate distribution, nitrogen response and yield performance. The experiment was carried out in the rice fields of Petapahan Village, Kampar Regency, Riau. The experimental design used was a split-plot in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with 2 factors and 3 groups. The first factor, as the main plot, was the condition of N. Specifically without N (NoN) (0 kg ha−1 urea) and treatment with normal N (NN) (250 kg ha−1 urea). The second factor, as a sub-plot, was rice variety, spesifically Hipa 18, IPB 3S, Ciherang, and Way Apo Buru. Hipa 18 was a variety having the largest reserves of NSC. A positive correlation was found between plant characters observed in this research, they are stem and leaf dry weight, total carbohydrates in stems (proximate analysis), photosynthetic rate, and leaf nitrogen content (Kjeldahl method). As well as other agonomic characters such as leaf area index and yield components. The highest dry weight of stems and leaves of Hipa 18 was at the heading phase, 22.6 g. While the highest carbohydrate content of the stems of the variety was 7.93 g in the same phase. This large NSC reserve supported the largest sinks as well at Hipa 18. However, the source capacity of the varieties used was found to be lower than the sink capacity. It was also known that nitrogen affected the condition of all plant characters observed in this study. Therefore optimal nitrogen fertilization is needed to get a maximum yield.
HIGHLIGHTS

Production of dry matter through photosynthesis and remobilization of assimilate from vegetative organs are the main sources of grain filling
There was a greater amount of assimilate remobilization in Hipa 18 compared to IPB 3S, Ciherang, and Way Apo Buru
The yield was positively correlated with plant height at harvest, stem and leaf dry weight, leaf N content, leaf area index, total stem carbohydrates, and photosynthesis

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Spot-the-Camel: Computer Vision for Safer Roads
Authors: AlNujaidi Khalid , AlHabib Ghadah , AlOdhieb Abdulaziz
Published: April 2023

As the population grows and more land is being used for urbanization, ecosystems are disrupted by our roads and cars. This expansion of infrastructure cuts through wildlife territories, leading to many instances of Wildlife-Vehicle Collision (WVC). These instances of WVC are a global issue that is having a global socio-economic impact, resulting in billions of dollars in property damage and, at times, fatalitiesfor vehicle occupants. In Saudi Arabia, this issue is similar, with instances of Camel-Vehicle Collision (CVC) being particularly deadly due to the large size of camels, which results in a 25% fatality rate [1].The focus of this work is to test different object detection models on the task of detecting camels on theroad. The Deep Learning (DL) object detection models used in the experiments are: CenterNet, Efficient Det, Faster R-CNN, SSD, and YOLOv8. Results of the experiments show that YOLOv8 performed the best in terms of accuracy and was the most efficient in training. In the future, the plan is to expand on this work by developing a system to make countryside roads safer.
A Comparison of Document Similarity Algorithms
Authors: Gahman Nicholas , Elangovan Vinayak
Published: April 2023

Document similarity is an important part of Natural Language Processing and is most commonly used forplagiarism-detection and text summarization. Thus, finding the overall most effective document similarity algorithm could have a major positive impact on the field of Natural Language Processing. This report setsout to examine the numerous document similarity algorithms, and determine which ones are the mostuseful. It addresses the most effective document similarity algorithm by categorizing them into 3 types ofdocument similarity algorithms: statistical algorithms, neural networks, and corpus/knowledge-basedalgorithms. The most effective algorithms in each category are also compared in our work using a series of benchmark datasets and evaluations that test every possible area that each algorithm could be used in.
The Genetic Code: A Case of Residue Number System (RNS)
Authors: Akanbasiam Ing. Joshua Apigagua , Boateng Prof. Kwame Osei , Addo Prof.Matthew Glover
Published: April 2023

Cracking the code of life marked an interesting and significant beginning of life science. The genetic code maps the 20 amino acids to all 64 possible arrangements of the four (4) nitrogenous bases. Since its deciphering, various designs in varied fields have been proposed. This work presents a Residue Number System (RNS)-based genetic code using the concept of number tree. In conformity with Gamow’s postulation, (43 = 4 × 4 × 4 = 64) we present a three moduli set RNS model of the genetic code. The design sorts the codes into their “family box” or “four-codon box”. The application of RNS in bioinformatics is not new - notably its application to Smith-Waterman Algorithm. The capability of RNS to generate the genetic code is novel and significantly draws a convergence point between the mathematics of number systems, thus RNS, and the foundations of molecular biology, the genetic code.