bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Combined Effect of Vitamin C and Vitamin D3 on the Intestinal Epithelial Barrier by Regulating Notch Signaling Pathway
Authors: Qiu Fubin , Zhang Zehui , Ma Ying , Yang Linxue , Li Rui
Published: December 2019

Background: Tight junction proteins play crucial role in maintaining the intestinal mucosal barrier. Although previous studies had shown that the Notch signal is closely related to tight junction proteins, the mechanism by which it does so remains unknown. The goal of the present study was to investigate whether vitamin C combined with vitamin D3 affects intestinal mucosal barrier stability through Notch signal pathway.Results: To assess the effect of vitamin C combined with vitamin D3 on the intestinal mucosal barrier, electron microscopic observation of ultrastructure of tight junctions was done. And tight junction proteins gene and Notch signal gene expression were analyzed by quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction, expression of tight junction protein in SW480 cells interfered with by LPS were examined by western blot. We found that vitamin C combined with vitamin D3 had protective effect on DSS-induced ulcerative colitis in guinea pig intestinal mucosa. Electron microscopy results showed that both low dose and high dose of vitamin C combined with vitamin D3 could maintain DSS-induced ulcerative colitis in guinea pig intestinal epithelium tight junction, however, the combination of medium dose vitamin C and vitamin D3 did not have this effect; Compared with the control group, the expression level of ZO-1 mRNA in the colon tissue of high-dose vitamin C group was significantly increased. In SW480 cell experiments, compared with the control group, the cell migration and repair ability of different concentrations of vitamin C combined with vitamin D3 group were significantly improved, the protein expression of Notch-1 was increased, but the protein expression of claudin-2 was significantly decreased. Conclusions: our results of this experiment showed that the appropriate amount of vitamin C combined with vitamin D3 might regulate the expression of claudin-2 by regulating Notch-1, slow the intestinal mucosal barrier destruction, and promote the damage repair of cell mucosal barrier.
Roles of the miR-137-3p/CAPN-2 gene pair in ischemia-reperfusion-induced neuronal apoptosis through modulation of p35 cleavage and subsequent caspase-8 overactivation
Authors: Wang He , Yu Qian , Zhang Zai-Li , Ma Hong , Li Xiao-Qian
Published: December 2019

Background: Neuron survival after ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury is the primary determinant of motor function prognosis. MicroRNA (miR)-based gene therapy has gained attention. Our previous work explored the mechanisms by which miR-137-3p modulates neuronal apoptosis in both in vivo and in vitro IR models.Methods: IR-induced motor dysfunction and spinal calpain (CAPN) subtype expression and subcellular distribution were detected within 12 h post IR. Dysregulated miRs, including miR-137-3p, were identified by miR microarray analysis and confirmed by PCR. Luciferase assay confirmed that CAPN-2 is a corresponding target of miR-137-3p, and their modulation of motor function was evaluated by intrathecal infection with synthetic miRs. CAPN-2 activity was measured by the intracellular Ca2+ concentration and mean fluorescence intensity in vitro. Neuronal apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release. The activities of p35, p25, Cdk5 and caspase-8 were evaluated by ELISA and Western blotting after transfection with specific inhibitors and miRs.Results: The IR-induced motor dysfunction time course was closely associated with CAPN-2 protein upregulation, which was mainly distributed in neurons. The miR-137-3p/CAPN-2 gene pair was confirmed by luciferase assay. miR-137-3p mimic significantly improved IR-induced motor dysfunction and decreased CAPN-2 expression, even in combination with recombinant rat calpain-2 (rr-CALP2) injection, whereas miR-137-3p inhibitor reversed these effects. Similar changes were observed in the intracellular Ca2+ concentration and CAPN-2 expression and activity when cells were exposed to OGD/R and transfected with synthetic miRs in vitro. Moreover, double fluorescence revealed that CAPN-2, p35, p25 and caspase-8 were all identically distributed in neurons. The decrease in CAPN-2 expression and activity was accompanied by the opposite changes in p35 activity and protein expression in cells transfected with miR-137-3p mimic, roscovitine (a Cdk5 inhibitor) or Z-IETD-FMK (a caspase-8 inhibitor). Correspondingly, more surviving neurons were observed with the abovementioned treatments, indicated by a decrease in apoptotic cell percentage, LDH release and p25, Cdk5, caspase-8 and caspase-3 protein expression.Conclusions: The miR-137-3p/CAPN-2 gene pair functions to modulate neuronal apoptosis during IR injury, possibly through CAPN-2 inhibition leading to p35 cleavage and inhibition of subsequent p25/Cdk5 and caspase-8 overactivation.
MiR-423-5p may regulates ovarian response to ovulation induction via CSF1
Authors: Xie Shi , Zhang Qiong , Zhao Jing , Hao Jie , Fu Jing , Li Yanping
Published: December 2019

Background We have previously shown that hsa-miR-423-5p expression in ovarian granulosa cells is decreased in high ovarian response populations. The objective of the present study was to find the target gene and mechanism for miR-423-5p involved in ovarian response regulation. Methods (a) TargetScan was used to predict the target gene of hsa-miR-423-5p. (b) A model for hsa-miR-423-5p overexpression or inhibition was constructed by transfecting KGN cells with lentivirus. CSF1 mRNA and protein expression and luciferase activity were measured. (c) The cell cycles of control and lentivirus treated KGN cells were analyzed. Western blot was used to measure the expression of CDKN1A in KGN cells. (d) The concentration of E 2 in KGN cell culture medium were measured. Results (a) TargetScan revealed that the 3′ un-translated region of CSF1 matched 11 bases at the 5′ end of miR-423-5p, making it a likely target gene. (b) Overexpression or inhibition of miR-423-5p were associated with respective decreases or increases in CSF1 expression (both mRNA and protein) (p < 0.05) and luciferase activity (p < 0.05). (c) When miR-423-5p expression increased, the number of G0/G1 phase cells and the expression of CDKN1A protein increased while estradiol concentrations in the cell culture solution decreased (p<0.05). However, when miR-423-5p expression decreased, the number of S phase cells increased and E2 concentrations increased while the expression of CDKN1A protein decreased (p < 0.05). Conclusions CSF1 is a target gene of miR-423-5p and that it may regulate ovarian response to ovulation induction by affecting granulosa cells proliferation and estrogen secretion.
Pan-American Trypanosoma (Megatrypanum) perronei sp. n. in white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) and its deer ked Lipoptena mazamae: morphological, developmental and phylogeographical characterisation
Authors: Garcia Herakles Antonio , Blanco Alexander P. , Rodrigues Adriana C. , Rodrigues Carla M. , Takata Carmen S. A. , Campaner Marta , Camargo Erney P. , Teixeira Marta M. G.
Published: December 2019

Background: The subgenus Megatrypanum comprises trypanosomes of cervids and bovids from around the world. Here, Odocoileus virginianus (white-tailed deer = WTD) and its ectoparasite, the deer ked Lipoptena mazamae (hippoboscid fly), were surveyed for trypanosomes in Venezuela. Results: Haemoculturing unveiled 20% infected WTD, while 47% (7/15) of blood samples and 38% (11/29) of ked guts tested positive for the Megatrypanum-specific TthCATL-PCR. CATL and SSU rRNA sequences uncovered a single species of trypanosome. Phylogeny based on SSU rRNA and gGAPDH sequences tightly cluster WTD trypanosomes from Venezuela and the USA, which were strongly supported as geographical variants of the herein described Trypanosoma (Megatrypanum) perronei sp. n. In our analyses, T. perronei was closest to T. sp. D30 of fallow deer (Germany), both nested into TthII alongside other trypanosomes of cervids (North American elks and European fallow, red and sika deer), and bovids (cattle, antelopes and sheep). Insights into T. perronei life cycle were obtained from early haemocultures of deer blood and co-culture with mammalian and insect cells showing flagellates resembling Megatrypanum trypanosomes previously reported in deer blood, and deer ked guts. For the first time, a trypanosome from a cervid was cultured and phylogenetically and morphologically (light and electron microscopy) characterised. Conclusions: In the analyses based on SSU rRNA, gGAPDH, CATL and ITS rDNA sequences, neither cervids nor bovids trypanosomes were monophyletic but intertwined within TthI and TthII major phylogenetic lineages. One host species can harbour more than one species/genotype of trypanosomes, but each trypanosome species/genotype was found in a single host species or in phylogenetically related hosts. Molecular evidence that L. mazamae may transmit T. perronei suggests important evolutionary constraints making tight the tripartite T. perronei–WTD–deer ked association. In a plausible evolutionary scenario, T. perronei entered South America with North American WTD at the Pliocene–Pleistocene boundary following the closure of the Panama Isthmus.
Effect of Hepcidin and Iron Deficiency Anemia on Clinical Outcome in patients with Kawasaki Disease
Authors: Kim Hyun Jung , Choi Eun Hye , Kil Hong Ryang
Published: December 2019

Background: The role of iron in children with Kawasaki disease (KD) and the importance of iron deficiency anemia (IDA) in children with KD are not fully known. We aimed to evaluate the effects of IDA on clinical outcomes of KD patients and the role of inflammation-induced hepcidin and leptin in the development of anemia in patients with KD. Methods: A total of 50 children with KD and 47 age-matched children with controls were enrolled. Hepcidin, leptin, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels were measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and IDA work-up was performed before and after IVIG therapy, and in the convalescent phase in patients with KD and control patients. Results: (1) Pre-IVIG iron and transferrin saturations in KD children were significantly lower than those in controls ( P =0.001). (2) Pre-IVIG hemoglobin and iron levels were positively correlated with leptin levels ( P =0.018 and P =0.021, respectively). (3) Serum hepcidin levels were significantly elevated after IVIG treatment in patients with KD (1.53 ± 1.36 ng/ml in the acute stage vs 3.09 ± 4.22 ng/mL in the subacute phase, P = 0.001). (4) There was no difference in parameters of IDA, leptin, and hepcidin levels between KD patients with and without coronary artery lesion (CAL). Conclusion: Serum iron and transferrin saturations were lowest in the acute phase, while hepcidin levels were highest in the subacute phase of KD. Although the presence of iron deficiency in the acute stage of KD did not predict CAL, further studies are necessary to clarify the association of hepcidin on the pathogenesis of anemia in KD.
Experiences of households using municipal ward-based primary health care outreach teams in Kwa-Zulu Natal, South Africa: a cross-sectional survey
Authors: Khuzwayo Landiwe , Moshabela Mosa
Published: December 2019

BACKGROUND: Globally, the success of community-based health care teams varies between programmes, and their designs tend to be unique based on local needs and context. Whilst the body of knowledge on community-based health care teams is growing in sub-Saharan Africa, there is still a lack of evaluation studies designed from the perspective of service users. OBJECTIVE: To assess household experiences of health care services delivered by outreach teams, and identify potential areas for service improvement by further examining sub-optimal household experiences.METHODS: We used a cross-sectional household survey in three municipality wards with functional ward-based outreach teams in the iLembe District, out of 74 wards, carried out from October to December 2016. Systematic random sampling was used, and 383 households were surveyed. The mean point of 70% in the strongly agreed category was used to classify household experiences as either optimal (70% and above) or sub-optimal (below 70%). Further univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted for sub-optimal experiences. RESULTS: Nearly all households (99.2%) reported being visited most frequently by community health workers, relative to other outreach team members. Optimal experiences reported by households included services being free-of-charge (91.3%), convenient operating hours (77.9%), and outreach team members treating people with respect and courtesy (72.4 %). Sub-optimal experiences were identified as; outreach teams bringing with them sufficient equipment and medication (46.5%), associated with perceived skill level of team member (aOR 0.28, p: 0.001); teams perceived as being professional in carrying out their duties (56.3%), associated with age (aOR 3.22, p: 0.022) and marital status (aOR 1.80, p: 0.027); and teams providing a satisfactory service to respondents (61.8%), associated with quality of information provided (aOR 0.10, p: 0.002). CONCLUSION: Household experiences are influenced by team composition, and limited to skill sets of CHWs frequently visiting households. Whilst policy-related aspects of the outreach team programme were considered optimal, there was a gap in the service-related experience, which should not only be improved by upskilling CHWs, but also ensuring the full implementation of the heterogenous outreach team to enable different household members to come into contact with a wide range of skill sets and broader service package.
Observation studies vs therapeutic trials in three journals over three decades of pediatric critical care: a systematic review.
Authors: Baird John Scott
Published: December 2019

Background: Pediatric critical care developed rapidly as a medical subspecialty over the three decades since 1987, concurrent with a decline in Pediatric ICU mortality rates. It would be interesting to know if research characterized as observation studies or therapeutic trials had a greater impact on this subspecialty during this time. Methods: Three journals with a broad range of impact factors which published pediatric critical care research between 1988 and 2017 were chosen for a systematic review, including a PubMed search for all pediatric critical care studies in these journals during the study period. Studies were characterized as either observation studies or therapeutic trials. Each study’s impact was assessed using citation counts collected from Google Scholar. Results: Therapeutic trials as a percentage of research studies increased with a journal’s impact factor; in addition, therapeutic trials were cited more frequently than observation studies. However, there were more observation studies than therapeutic trials, the citation count increased for both observation studies and therapeutic trials as a journal’s impact factor increased, and the citation count was similar for some or all observation studies and therapeutic trials in two of the study journals. The 10 most cited studies included 7 observation studies and 3 therapeutic trials. Conclusions: This systematic review of three journals suggests that both observation studies and therapeutic trials contributed to the impact of research in pediatric critical care during the three decades following 1987.
“To die is better for me”, social suffering among Syrian refugees at a noncommunicable disease clinic in Jordan: a qualitative study
Authors: Ansbro Éimhín , Maconick Lucy , Ellithy Sara , Jobanputra Kiran , Tarawneh Mohammad , Roberts Bayard
Published: December 2019

Background The conflict in Syria has required humanitarian agencies to implement primary-level services for non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in Jordan, given the high NCD burden amongst Syrian refugees; and to integrate mental health and psychosocial support into NCD services given their comorbidity and treatment interactions. However, no studies have explored the mental health needs of Syrian NCD patients. This paper aims to examine the interaction between physical and mental health of patients with NCDs at a Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) clinic in Irbid, Jordan, in the context of social suffering. Methods This qualitative study involved sixteen semi-structured interviews with Syrian refugee and Jordanian patients and two focus groups with Syrian refugees attending MSF’s NCD services in Irbid, and eighteen semi-structured interviews with MSF clinical, managerial and administrative staff. These were conducted by research staff in August 2017 in Irbid, Amman and via Skype. Thematic analysis was used.Results Respondents describe immense suffering and clearly perceived the interconnectedness of their physical wellbeing, mental health and social circumstances, in keeping with Kleinman’s theory of social suffering. There was a ‘disconnect’ between staff and patients’ perceptions of the potential role of the NCD and mental health service in alleviating this suffering. Possible explanations identified included respondent’s low expectations of the ability of the service to impact on the root causes of their suffering, normalisation of distress, the prevailing biomedical view of mental ill-health among national clinicians and patients, and humanitarian actors’ own cultural standpoints. Conclusion NCD patients recognised the psychological dimensions of their illness but may not utilize clinic-based humanitarian mental health and psychosocial support services. Humanitarian agencies must engage with NCD patients to elicit their needs and design culturally relevant services.
Identification of Determinant Factors for Car Accident Levels Occurred in Mekelle City, Tigray, Ethiopia: Ordered Logistic Regression Model Approach.
Authors: Meles Hagazi Gebre , Gebrehiwot Desta Brhanu , Tela Fireweini Gebrearegay , Wubet Gebretsadik Gebru , Gebregergis Teodros
Published: December 2019

Background : The car accident injury level is known to be a result of a complex interaction of factors to drivers’ behavior, vehicle characteristics and environmental condition. Therefore it is obvious that identifying the contribution of the factors to the accident injury is very critical. The objective of study was to perform descriptive analysis to see the characteristics of car accident, to assess the prevalence and determinants of road safety practices in Mekelle City, Tigray, Ethiopia. Methods : A random sample of data was extracted from traffic police office from September 2014- July 2017. An ordered logistic regression model was used to examine factors that worsen the car accident level. Result : A total sample of 385 car accidents were considered in the study of which 56.7% were fatal, 28.6% serious and 14.7% slight injury. The model estimation result showed that, being experienced drivers (Coef. = 0.686; p-value< = 0.050) were found to increase the level of injury. On the other hand, being private vehicle (Coef. = -1.160; p-value <= 0.010), the type of accident of vehicle with pedestrian (Coef. = -2.852; p-value <= 0.010), being heavy truck (Coef. = -0.656; p-value <= 0.050), being a cross country buss (Coef. = -0.889; p-value <= 0.050) and being owner of vehicle is the driver himself (Coef. = -.690, p-value <= 0.050) were found to decrease the level of car accident injury severity. Therefore, it is better to create continued awareness to those who are experienced drivers, who carelessly follow the traffic rules. Special attention is required to government owned vehicle drivers, as they were found to increase the level of car accident injury through different short term trainings.
Gender gap in self-rated health: A cohort perspective
Authors: Gil-Lacruz Marta , Gil-Lacruz Ana Isabel , Aguilar-Palacio Isabel
Published: December 2019

Background: The relation among gender differences and culture in self-rated health is not only bidirectional and static. In this sense, it is important to difference between effects of age and cohort. The aim of this study is analyzing gender gap differences in self-rated health from a generational perspective in order to explore health diversity from a multidisciplinary approach with policy implications. Methods: We used data drawn from the European Health Interview Survey for 8 Eastern European Countries and EUROSTAT from 2006 through 2009. We conducted multilevel analyses to understand individual and national health determinants of self-rated health by gender and if national differences remain after controlling from micro variables. In order to analyse the role of equity (Gini Quartile) and capacity to create richness (GDPpc Quartile) in gender differences, Oaxaca analyses were developed.Results: Self-rated health gender gap increases with age. Individual characteristics, such as educational level or smoking influence the citizens´ perceived health, with a stronger effect on women than on men. Both characteristics (endowment effects) and effects of individual characteristics (coefficient effects) on health are important to understand gender gaps among people from silent generation.Conclusions: Our research points out that random effects are greater for men than for women. Besides, random effects might be explained to certain extent by both indexes (Gini and GDPpc). The combined effects of gender, cohort and geographical differences on self-rated health have to be taken into account to figure out public health policies.
Opium Use Reporting Error in Case-Control Studies: Neighborhood Controls vs. Hospital Visitor Controls
Authors: MOHEBBI ELHAM , Rashidian Hamideh , Tahami Ahmad Naghibzadeh , Haghdoost Ali Akbar , Rahimi-Movaghar Afarin , Seyyedsalehi Monireh Sadat , Rezainzadeh Abass , Marzban Maryam , Moradi Abdolvahab , Gholipour Mahin , Hadji Maryam , Kamangar Farin , Zendehdel Kazem
Published: December 2019

Background There are relatively scant data to determine whether hospital visitors could serve as a proper source of controls in substance abuse case-control studies. The aim of this study was to evaluate using neighborhood versus hospital visitor controls in reporting opium use.Methods We conducted two independent case-control studies of cancer in Iran. In the first study, we selected controls from neighborhoods of the patients. For the second one, we selected controls among hospital visitors. In the latter study, hospital visitors could be companions of the patients or others visiting the hospital for any reasons except disease treatment from non-oncology wards of referral hospitals. Opium use and cigarette smoking information were self-reported in both studies.Results A total of 616 of neighborhood controls and 414 of hospital visitor controls were analyzed. Regular opium use among men was significantly higher in hospital visitors than neighborhood controls (43.3% vs. 32.2%, P=0.03) while the prevalence of regular cigarette smokers was very similar in both control groups (46.3 vs. 47.2, P=0.87). After adjusting for potential confounders using logistic regression, the differences of opium use between the two control groups became more pronounced (Adjusted OR=0.26, 95% CI: 0.10-0.69).Conclusions Because of the similarity of reporting cigarette smoking among neighborhood controls but substantially lower reporting of opium use among them, we concluded that neighborhood controls underreported opium use-a sensitive question- and that their use biases the findings in case-control studies. Hospital visitor controls may be more appropriate than neighborhood controls for studies of banned substances.
Context-Aware Seeds for Read Mapping
Authors: Xin Hongyi , Shao Mingfu , Kingsford Carl
Published: December 2019

Motivation: Most modern seed-and-extend NGS read mappers employ a seeding scheme that requires extracting t non-overlapping seeds in each read in order to find all valid mappings under an edit distance threshold of t . As t grows (such as in long reads with high error rate), this seeding scheme forces mappers to use more and shorter seeds, which increases the seed hits (seed frequencies) and therefore reduces the efficiency of mappers. Results: We propose a novel seeding framework, context-aware seeds (CAS). CAS guarantees finding all valid mappings but uses fewer (and longer) seeds, which reduces seed frequencies and increases efficiency of mappers. CAS achieves this improvement by attaching a confidence radius to each seed in the reference. We prove that all valid mappings can be found if the sum of confidence radii of seeds are greater than t . CAS generalizes the existing pigeonhole-principle-based seeding scheme in which this confidence radius is implicitly always 1. Moreover, we design an efficient algorithm that constructs the confidence radius database in linear time. We experiment CAS with E. coli genome and show that CAS reduces seed frequencies by up to 20.3% when compared with the state-of-the-art pigeonhole-principle-based seeding algorithm, the Optimal Seed Solver.
The Research on the Cognitive Status of Clinical Epidemiology and the Influence Factors of the Teaching Result of the Medical Postgraduates in a College
Authors: Xu Zhiwei , Olajuyin Ayobami Matthew , Wang Xuemei , Zhang Xiaoju , Zhao Qiongrui , Liu Guangzhi
Published: December 2019

Backgroud To understand the cognitive status of clinical epidemiology of medical postgraduates, and find out the key factors influencing the clinical epidemiology teaching result through the analysis of factors that influence the teaching result, so as to provide the scientific basis for the establishment of measures to improve the teaching effect.Methods Selecting all the medical postgraduate of 2015 grade in a certain university located in Zhengzhou as investigation object, adopts the unified self-administration questionnaire to survey the cognitive status of clinical epidemiological situation of the postgraduates, and adopt the method of multiple linear regression analysis to analyze the factors that affect the learning effect.Results The medical postgraduates have a limited knowledge reserve of clinical epidemiology and a lack of the importance of this course, elder, female, Seven-year medical students, frequently preview before class, review after class, and often participate in class discussion have a positive effect on the learning effect.Conclusions Clinical epidemiology is a discipline that requires constant learning and practice. It is necessary to set up this course for medical postgraduates. The teaching of clinical epidemiology for postgraduate students should emphasize the importance of the conversion of the way to reflect, targeted teaching depends on the characteristics of each student should be implemented in the process of the course in order to better improve the teaching effectiveness of the course.
Data Service Trust Measurement in Cloud Environment
Authors: Shi Lin , Wang Zilong , Chen Ning , Chen Jie
Published: December 2019

Highly trusted issues will be one of the main obstacles to a new era of highly trusted cloud computing. In the cloud computing environment, because sensitive applications and user data are put into the cloud, they run in virtual machines in the data center. Among them, due to the existence of access vulnerability, virtualization vulnerability, web application vulnerability, etc., high trust issues arise from data control, identity authentication, lack of information and other related issues. The introduction of trust mechanisms can be very facilitate the solution of related issues, achieve highly trusted quantification, analysis, and modeling of cloud data centers, meet high trust requirements, and provide users with a highly trusted cloud computing environment. This article mainly studies the trust measure of data services in cloud environment. In this paper, the optimization scheme is verified through experiments, and the traditional big data processing scheme, the original Sahara and the optimization scheme are compared in six cases. Overall, the optimization scheme has a significant performance improvement. Compared with the default configuration of Sahara, the configuration of the new interface has increased the throughput in DFSIO by 120%. Using the design of the unified cache management service, Tachyon can reach 13 in specific situations. In the execution time of Sort workloads, the optimization scheme generally decreased by about 50% compared to the original Sahara, and the memory utilization increased from 80% to 96% in our experiments, but in the cache isolation and other areas need to be improved. The results are basically in line with expectations, which also confirms the rational thinking and value of this article on BDAaS performance research.
The Relationship between Macro-Economic Variables and Stock Exchange Prices: A Case Study in Dhaka Stock Exchange (DSE) in Bangladesh
Authors: Rahman Md. M.
Published: December 2019

Macroeconomic indicators, such as money supply, inflation, exchange rate, trade balance, indicators of industrial production, are the basis for assessing the processes of growth and development of the country. Peculiarities of functioning of the exchange market also play an important role in the analysis of the country’s development. Disclosure of the main purpose of the study involves the study of the relationship between macroeconomic indicators and stock prices on the Dhaka stock exchange (DSE) in Bangladesh. Methodological support of the work includes statistical methods (Granger causality test and Dickie fuller test), which allow to determine the causal relationship between macroeconomic indicators and prices on the stock exchange of Bangladesh. Empirical estimates of the study showed the absence of a causal relationship between macroeconomic indicators (money supply, industrial production index, exchange rate, inflation and trade balance) and stock prices in the form of a General index of all shares on the DAX stock exchange. The obtained results indicate that the macroeconomic evaluation cannot be used to predict prices on the stock exchanges in Bangladesh. The study postulates that the results of exchange activity also do not reflect the peculiarities of macroeconomic movement in the country. The author substantiates recommendations for regulatory authorities in terms of the formation of a set of measures to ensure the claim correlation of macroeconomic indicators of the country’s development with prices on the stock market. It is stated that the results of the study will allow the government to take active measures to: overcome in the future the pressure of international trade, adjust the appropriate monitoring and fiscal policy, reduce any possible negative impact on the country’s economy in the context of its further development.
Keywords: macroeconomic variables, money supply, exchange rate, inflation, prices on stock exchanges, Dhaka stock exchange, Bangladesh.
Ege Denizi Bağıl Deniz Seviyesi Değişimlerinde Kapula Fonksiyonları İle Trend Analizleri
Authors: YAVUZDOĞAN Ahmet , TANIR KAYIKÇI Emine
Published: December 2019

İklim değişikliği başta olmak üzere birçok nedenden dolayı global ölçekte deniz seviyesinde meydana gelen artışlar, kıyı ekosistemlerini etkilemekte ve kıyı yerleşimlerini tehdit etmektedir. Jeodezik açıdan uzun dönemli deniz seviyesi gözlemleri düşey kontrol ağlarının datumunun belirlenmesi açısından önemlidir. İstatistik, ekonomi, aktüerya analizi, meteoroloji, hidroloji gibi birçok alanda farklı değişkenler arasındaki ilişkileri araştırmak için kullanılan Kapula fonksiyonları değişkenlerin ve hatalarının dağılımından etkilenmeyen, lineer ve lineer olmayan ilişkileri yansıtan, lokal bağımlılıkları da gösterebilen korelasyon yapısıyla lineer korelasyon katsayısına göre oldukça elverişli bir korelasyon yapısı sunabilmektedir. Bu çalışmada, Ege Denizi kıyısında bulunan 5 mareograf istasyonundan elde edilen 1990-2008 yılları arasında aylık deniz seviyesi ve deniz yüzey sıcaklığı ortalamaları verileri ile kıyılardaki uzun dönemli bağıl deniz seviyesi değişimleri ve bu değişimlerin deniz yüzey sıcaklığı ile ilişkisi Kapula Fonksiyonları ile incelenmiştir. Bu çalışma kapsamında ilk defa sunulan kapula temelli trend analiz yöntemi ile deniz seviyesi ve deniz yüzey sıcaklığı zaman serilerinde trend analizleri gerçekleştirilerek elde edilen trendler regresyon modelleri ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Ege denizinde 1990-1998 yılları arasında deniz seviyesinin oldukça hızlı bir şekilde arttığı, 1999-2008 yılları arasında ise deniz seviyesinin düştüğü görülmüştür. 1990-1998 yılları arasında deniz seviyelerindeki artışın deniz yüzey sıcaklıklarındaki sıcaklık artışlarından kaynaklandığı, 1999-2008 yılları arasındaki deniz seviyesindeki azalmaların da deniz yüzey sıcaklıklarındaki soğumalardan kaynaklandığı değerlendirilmiştir.
Marketing tools as the competitiveness enhancer of the Ukrainian film distribution market entities
Authors: Sheremeta Bozhena , Chukhray Nataliya , Karyy Oleh
Published: December 2019

The main goal of the article is to study the features of film marketing and distribution of film products in Ukraine and to determine what kind of marketing tools are appropriate to be used within a cinema network to ensure their competitiveness in the national film distribution market.This article determines the characteristics of the movie market services and their compliance with modern consumer requirements, outlining the directions for increasing the usefulness of cinema-related services to consumers and developing a set of marketing tools to ensure the competitiveness of the cinema market.The results of the assessment of the impact of competitive forces revealed that intra-industry competition has the strongest impact on private cinema networks, the consumers of film distribution services and potential competitors have the moderate influence, the suppliers and substitute services have a low level of influence. According to the results of the survey, it can be concluded that cinemas are worth reducing the cost of tickets (this can be done by introducing the promotions and discounts for regular customers), since the solvency of a larger population does not correspond to the level of ticket prices. Also expanding the range of products will allow the consumers to spend more time in the cinema, which will lead to an increase in the value of the average check. Cinemas are quite realistic to open their own pizzerias or bars to add value to their customers.
SISTEM PRIOTEKSI RADIASI : Analisis Terhadap Bidang Radiologi Rumah Sakit
Authors: Anwar Edi Daenuri
Published: December 2019

Fisika kesehatan berkembang sangat pesat, hal tersebut merupakan tuntutan yang harus terpenuhi seiring dengan perkembangan kedokteran dan penyakit yang multi kompleks. Fisika menawarkan berbagai konsep   untuk memudahkan, membantu dan menjawab permaslahan dalam bidang kedok- teran. Jawaban tersebut adalah munculnya berbagai alat seperti CT-Scan, general x-ray, dan lain-lain. Alat- alat tersebut disebut sebagai alat-lat radiologi yang berfungsi untuk perawatan (tera- pi), diagnosa dan pembunuhan penyakit tanpa melakukan oper- asi.   Tetapi disamping kemudahan-kemudahan yang diberikan ternyata alat-alat tersebut  juga memberikan efek negative bagi tubuh yang terkena paparan radiasi.General x-ray atu sering disebut sinar-x merupakan alat yang dimiliki banyak rumah sakit, kebanyakan untuk mendiag- nosa suatu penyakit.  Untuk meminimalisir efek negative yang ditimbulkan maka perlu adanya system proteksi yang baik, se- hingga aman bagi pengguna,operator, dokter, pasien dan ma- syarakat pada umumnya.
ANALISIS LEMBAR KERJA SISWA (LKS) BIOLOGI KARYA MGMP SMP DI KOTA SEMARANG YANG DIGUNAKAN SISWA KELAS VII SEMESTER GASAL 2010 /2011
Authors: Nadlah Izzun
Published: December 2019

Pengalaman belajar dapat diperoleh siswa melalui se- rangkaian kegiatan dengan mengeksplorasi lingkungan melalui interaktif aktif dengan teman, lingkungan, dan nara sumber lain. Salah satu penunjang sarana pembelajaran yang dapat dipergunakan untuk mengeksplorasi lingkun- gan sekitar adalah dengan Lembar Kerja Siswa (LKS). Pen- ingkatan aktivitas siswa sulit inyterjadi dengan sendirinya oleh karena itu peran guru sangat diperlukan untuk dapat menciptakan situasi belajar yang penuh dengan aktivitas siswa salah satunya menggunakan LKSFrekuensi peng- gunaan LKS yang cukup tinggi dalam setiap pembelajaran harus diimbangi dengan kualitas LKS yang tinggi juga. Umumnya siswa SMP di Kota Semarang. Adapun peneli- tian ini menggunakanmetode observasi dengan mengum- pulkan data untuk me untuk mendapatkan harga Deskrip- tif Prosentasendapatkan harga Deskriptif Prosentase (DP) pada kesesuaian isi LKS dengan KTSP dan jenjang soal mendapatkan indeks pengaktifan (IP)pada petunjul keg- iatan, gambar, atau diagram dan soal-soal latihan. Analisis data menunjukkan LKS 65%, berarti kategori sedang, indeks pengaktifan siswa pada petunjuk kegiatan sebesar 0,03 yang tergolong rendah, karena berada pada rentang 0,40 – 1,50. IP pada gambar atau diagram 1,37 yang ter- golong sedang, karena berada pada rentang 0,40 – 1,50. In- deks Pengaktifan pada soal-soal latihan 1,23 yang tergolong sedang, karena berada pada rentang 0,40 – 1,50. Soal ranah kognitif tidak proporsional, karena C1 lebih dominan yaitu 40,8%  Soal ranah psikomotorik P2 0,43% dan P3 1,3% , se- dang jenjang yang lain tidak ditemukan. Soal ranah afektif tidak ditemukan hal ini dikarenakan sulitnya mengaplika- sikan muatan afektif ke dalam bentuk soal. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi informasi konkrit.Bagi siswa dan guru agar lebih memperhatikan LKS yang digunakan. Demikian pulabagi pihak pengarang agar lebih memper- hatikan aspek-aspek yang mendukung kualitas LKS seper- ti kesesuaian isi LKS dengan kurikulum, tingkat pengakti- fan siswa dan jenjang soal-soal latihan baik kognitif, afektif maupun psikomotorik.
PEMANFAATAN SOFTWARE MATLAB DALAM PEMBELAJARAN METODE NUMERIK POKOK BAHASAN SISTEM PERSAMAAN LINEAR SIMULTAN
Authors: Muanalifah Ani
Published: December 2019

Persoalan yang melibatkan model matematika banyak muncul dalam berbagai disiplin ilmu pengetahuan, seperti dalam bidang sika, kimia, ekonomi, atau pada persoalan rekayasa. Seringkali model matematika tersebut muncul dalam bentuk yang rumit yang terkadang tidak dapat di- selesaikan dengan rumus-rumus aljabar yang sudah baku. Permasalahan ini dapat diselesaikan dengan Mengguna- kan metode Numerik.Dalam pembelajaran metode Numerik khususnya pada pokok bahasan Sistem Persamaan Linear Simultan diperlukan perhitungan iterasi dengan menggunakan Komputer.  Software yang digunakan untuk perhitungan Numerik salah satunya adalah MATLAB.  Dengan peman- faatan software ini ternyata sangat membantu pemebelaja- ran metode numerik
PENGGUNAAN SOFTWARE MATRIX LABORATORY (MATLAB) DALAM PEMBELAJARAN ALJABAR LINIER
Authors: Cahyono Budi
Published: December 2019

Perkembangan dan kehadiran teknologi komputer telah memberikan kemudahan berbagai pihak untuk meng- gunakannya dalam bidang kehidupan,  termasuk pendi- dikan, sebagai sarana penunjang pendidikan. Komputer semakin memberikan manfaat yang besar di dunia pen- didikan, khususnya dalam proses pembelajaran. Terdapat ratusan bahkan ribuan program aplikasi komputer atau perangkat lunak yang dapat dimanfaatkan untuk pembe- lajaran matematika, khususnya Aljabar Linier. Salah satu perangkat lunak bantu yang dapat digunakan dalam pem- belajaran Aljabar linier yaitu Matrix Laboratory (MATLAB). Program ini dapat dimanfaatkan untuk meningkatkan kecepatan, dan keakuratan dalam berbagai  perhitungan dalam pembelajaran aljabar linier sehingga waktu yang di- perlukan untuk mengerjakan lebih esien dan hasil yang diperoleh lebih akurat dibandingkan dengan perhitungan yang dilakukan secara manual, selain itu juga dapat mem- visualisasikan grak dalam bentuk 2 dimensi maupun 3 dimensi, misalnya dalam penyelesaian Sistem Persamaan Linier sehingga diharapkan dapat meningkatkan pemaha- man terhadap materi yang diberikan.
PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT SEBAGAI INSTRUMEN PENILAIAN UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KETRAMPULAN PROSES pada PRAKTIKUM KIMIA DASAR DI TADRIS KIMIA
Authors: Suryandari Ervin Tri
Published: December 2019

Penilaian terpadu yang komprehensif dan seimbang antara proses dan hasil belajar tersebut dilaksanakan dalam kerangka Penilaian Berbasis Kelas (PBK). Kimia merupakan ilmu yang diperoleh dan dikembangkan berdasarkan eksperimen, sehingga metode eksperimen sangat penting diterapkan dalam pembelajaran kimia. Pembelajaran kimia menekankan pada pemberian pengalaman belajar secara langsung melalui penggu- naan dan pengembangan keterampilan proses dan sikap ilmiah, sehingga performance assessment menjadi sangat penting. Proses penilaian dilaku- kan dengan langkah-langkah: perencanaan penilaian, pengumpulan in- formasi, pelaporan, dan penggunaan informasi tentang hasil belajar. Se- belum melaksanakan penilaian terhadap proses dan hasil belajar, guru harus membuat perangkat-perangkatnya agar penilaian yang dilakukan sesuai dengan kompetensi yang hendak diuji. Dalam makalah ini dibahas bagaimana mengembangkan instrumen untuk performance assessment se- bagai bentuk penilaian yang berkarakter kimia. Format instrumen dapat disusun dengan bentuk pedoman observasi, daftar cek, atau skala lajuan. Guru juga dapat mengembangkan instrumen performance assessment den- gan rubrik yang lengkap. Meskipun penggunaan rubrik ini relatif menyita waktu, akan tetapi dengan rubrik yang lengkap guru dapat mengungkap kualitas dan profil performance peserta didik. Contoh rubrik yang dapat dikembangkan meliputi kompetensi merangkai alat, menggunakan alat, melakukan eksperimen, mengelola zat sisa, mempresentasikan hasil eks- perimen, dan penilaian terhadap Laporan eksperimen.
KONTRIBUSI MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN INTERAKTIF UNTUK MEMBANTU MENINGKATKAN PEMAHAMAN KONSEP PEMBIASAN CAHAYA PADA SISWA KELAS X SMA
Authors: Saputro, A. Sopyan, B. Subali E. Bambang
Published: December 2019

Dalam mengajarkan pokok bahasan pembiasan cahaya, terdapat kendala yang mendasar di SMA Negeri 1 Mijen Demak, yaitu visualisasi tentang jalannya sinar pada peristiwa pembiasan. Oleh karena itu untuk meningkatkan pemahaman konsep fisika perlu dilakukan terobosan baru dalam menyajikan pokok bahasan ini, salah satunya adalah dengan menggunakan media pembelajaran interaktif. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kontribusi media pembelajaran interaktif dengan macromedia flash profesional 8 terhadap peningkatkan pemahaman konsep pembiasan cahaya. Subyek dalam PTK ini adalah siswa kelas X-1 SMA Negeri 1 Mijen Demak Tahun 2008/2009. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa media pembelajaran interaktif program macromedia flash professional 8 dapat meningkatkan pemahaman konsep pembiasan cahaya. Pada siklus I nilai rata-rata adalah 63,07 dan ketuntasan klasikal 64,10 %. Setelah siklus II nilai rata-rata meningkat  menjadi 74,10 dan ketuntasan klasikal  menjadi 92,31 %.. Dari hasil uji t diperoleh nilai thitung sebesar 4,66 dan ttabel sebesar 1,68. Nilai thitung ttabel, berarti terjadi peningkatan yang signifikan untuk pemahaman siswa dari siklus I ke siklus II. Simpulan dari penelitian adalah media pembelajaran interaktif berkontribusi positif dalam meningkatkan pemahaman siswa.
Evaluation of soft computing and regression-based techniques for the estimation of evaporation
Authors: Singh Aparajita , Singh R. M. , Kumar A. R. Senthil , Kumar Ashish , Hanwat Subodh , Tripathi V. K.
Published: December 2019

The estimation of evaporation in the field as well as the regional level is required for the efficient planning and management of water resources. In the present study, artificial neural network (ANN) and multiple linear regression (MLR)-based models were developed to estimate the pan evaporation on the basis of one day-lagged rainfall (Pt−1), one day-lagged relative humidity (RHt−1), current day maximum temperature (Tmax) and minimum temperature (Tmin). These were selected as the most effective parameters on the basis of cross-correlation. The performance of models was evaluated using correlation coefficient (r), root-mean-square error (RMSE) and Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (coefficient of efficiency, CE) during calibration and validation periods. Based on the comparison, the ANN model (4-9-1), with sigmoid as activation function and Levenberg–Marquardt as a learning algorithm, was selected as the best performing model among all ANN models. The values of r, CE and RMSE for training and validation periods were found as 0.885, 0.785 and 1.00 mm/day and 0.889, 0.782 and 1.01 mm/day, respectively, through the ANN model (4-9-1). The values of r, CE and RMSE for training and validation periods were found as 0.835, 0.698 and 1.19 mm/day and 0.866, 0.750 and 1.15 mm/day, respectively, through the selected MLR model. Based on the sensitivity analysis, RHt−1 is selected as the most effective parameter followed by Pt−1, Tmax and Tmin. The developed model can be utilized as an alternative for the estimation of the evaporation at the regional level with limited input data.
Premises of the creation of a digital traffic safety management system
Authors: Zamyshliaev A. М.
Published: December 2019

Aim.The digital transformation of the traffic safety management system in JSC RZD involves top-level integration with the operating processes of all business units in terms of integral assessment of the risk of possible events and achievement of specified indicators. The result will be the merger of the traffic safety management system with the processes of all levels of the company’s management enabled by an integrated intelligent system for managing processes and services whose functionality includes real-time traffic safety management.

Methods. The paper uses system analysis of existing approaches and methods of processing of large quantities of structured and unstructered data.

Results. The paper examines the development stages of train traffic safety management, as well as automated information and control systems that enable traffic safety management. General trends in the creation of systems for collection and processing of information are analyzed. The applicability of such technologies as Big Data, Data Mining, Data Science as part of advanced control systems is shown. The paper examines the performance of the above technologies by analyzing the effect of various factors on the average daily performance of a locomotive, where, at the first level, such factors as average daily run of a locomotive, average trainload are taken into consideration; at the second level, the focus is on the service speed, locomotive turnover at station, etc.; at the sixth level, the focus is on the type of locomotive, its technical state, etc. It is shown that statistical methods of factor analysis and link analysis combined with such other methods of Data Mining as methods of simulation and prediction, the average daily performance of a locomotive can be planned proactively. The author proposes a procedure of migration towards a digital traffic safety management system that would be based on models of interaction of safety and dependability factors of all railway facilities at all railway levels of hierarchy, as well as in association with other factors that have no direct relation to dependability, yet affect the safety of the transportation process.

Conclusions. The primary benefit of migration towards Big Data consists in the development of a dynamic model of traffic safety, the elimination of human factor in control systems. Most importantly, it enables the creation within the Russian Railways company (JSC RZD) of an integrated intelligent process and service management system that enables real-time traffic safety management. An extensive process of development and deployment within the company of the URRAN Single Corporate Platform (SCP) enabled executive decision support as regards risk-based functional dependability and safety of transportation facilities. Thus, the URRAN SCP sets the stage for the digital transformation of the traffic safety management system in JSC RZD.