bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Healthcare-associated Expenses Due to Injuries in the Philippines
Authors: Rivera Adovich S. , Lam Hilton Y. , Macalino Joel U. , Quebral Jose D.
Published: January 2021

Background. Injuries are common causes of hospital visits and deaths in the Philippines. The national healthcareassociated expenses due to these injuries have not been established.

Objective. To estimate the healthcare-associated expenses due to injuries in the Philippines.

Methods. Review of patient charts and patient interviews were conducted in 21 hospitals in the Philippines. A convenience sample of patients was interviewed to ascertain other direct medical and non-medical expenses.

Results. Median admission costs based on hospital bills were: road injuries: PhP10,192.25, poisoning: PhP4,402.00, burns: PhP6,521.53, animal-related: PhP5,105.92, other accidents: PhP7,545.71 and intentional injuries: PhP8,023.00. Based on survey, other expenses not stated in hospital bills include medical supplies (PhP4,000.00), diagnostic tests (PhP 2,000.00), and post-discharge expenses (PhP 1,000.00).

Conclusion. Expenses due to injuries varied according to cause. Admission expenses recorded in the bill were not the only healthcare-related expenses shouldered by the patient and accounted for 68.6-159.0% of the bill value.
Health Risks of Selected Mass Gatherings in the Philippines in 2015 and Implications for Public Health Preparedness
Authors: Law Ronald P.
Published: January 2021

Background. Mass gatherings (MG) are events that draw together a large number of people in one or several occasions happening in single or multiple places for a definite period of time. These can lead to different public health risks through exposure to infectious diseases, trauma, and environmental factors. The Philippine Department of Health (DOH) in 2015 participated in special planned events that constituted mass gatherings namely the AsiaPacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) meetings, the Black Nazarene procession, and the Papal Visit.

Objective. The study aimed to describe the different health risks arising from the three (3) identified mass gathering events in the Philippines in 2015 and relate them to public health preparedness.

Methods. This was a descriptive study of the health risks arising from the MG events. Sources of data were reports submitted by deployed medical teams to the Operations Center (Opcen) that closely monitored the MG.

Results. The study found infectious causes, trauma, temperature-related conditions, and noncommunicable diseases to be the important categories of health risks in the specified mass gatherings. These validated the common health risk categories observed in previously well-studied mass gatherings.

Conclusion. The study highlighted important health risks and factors for consideration in public health preparedness for mass gatherings in terms of appropriate and effective public health strategies that should be established to minimize health risks and reduce health system impacts of mass gatherings.
Factors Associated with Utilization of Primary Preventive Services of Tamang Serbisyo para sa Kalusugan ng Pamilya (TSeKaP) among PhilHealth Indigent Members in Manila
Authors: Barcena Allan John R. , Casimiro Carl Robert A. , Catalan Gil Dominic R. , Pestano Camille A. , Quinto Fenny Mariechit Q. , Ramos-Mortel Buenalyn Teresita M.
Published: January 2021

Background. The primary preventive services of TSeKaP promote disease prevention among marginalized groups. The threat of non-utilization, however, undermines the effective implementation of the program. To fill in the knowledge gap regarding utilization of primary preventive services, rate of utilization and factors associated with utilization of primary preventive services must be determined.

Objective. To determine the rate of utilization and the association of selected factors with utilization of primary preventive services of TSeKaP among PhilHealth Indigent Member of Manila.

Methods. Using a two-stage cluster sampling, 145 PhilHealth Indigent Members were randomly selected and interviewed. Chi-square test and Fisher’s exact test were used to determine associations. FGDs were also conducted to gather reasons related to utilization.

Results and Conclusion. Among those surveyed, 68.28% were found to have utilized at least one primary preventive service. Age (p-value=0.021), knowledge (p-value=0.015), familiarity (p-value=0.029), and accessibility (p-value=0.013) were found to be associated with utilization. Utilization generally increases as age group increases. Those with satisfactory knowledge on TSeKaP, those familiar with their health center, and those who report that their health center is accessible were 1.45 times, 2.12 times and 2.83 times more likely to utilize than their counterpart, respectively. Results showing a significant proportion of non-utilization emphasize the need to improve implementation strategies by improving not only the knowledge of respondents’ on TSeKaP but also their familiarity with their health centers. The use of various communication channels, such as barangay bulletin, public address system, radio or television, may aid the dissemination of pertinent information regarding the program as perceived by the respondents.
Use of Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA®) as a Nutritional Screening Tool among Urban Older Adults in Pasay City, Philippines
Authors: Bullecer Ernani R. , Develos Maribel M.
Published: January 2021

Objective. This study has been conducted to determine the prevalence of malnutrition and nutritionally-at-risk community-dwelling older adults in an urban setting through the use of Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA®).

Methods. A cross-sectional survey was done among older adults in Barangay Sto. Niño, an urban poor community in Pasay City, Metro Manila to determine the prevalence of malnutrition and older adults using the short and full form of the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA®). Anthropometric assessment was done to determine body mass index as well as physical examination to determine presence of nutrient deficiencies.

Results. Using the Asia Pacific cut-off for BMI, it can be noted that 16.5% were classified as underweight. On the other hand, results of the MNA® short form screening showed that less than half (42.6%) of the study respondents have normal nutritional status. Majority of the respondents were either malnourished (14.8%) or at risk of malnutrition (42.6%). Moreover, results of the Full MNA® form showed that almost half of the study respondents were either malnourished (8.2%) or at risk of malnutrition (39.3%). The rest of the study respondents were classified as having normal nutritional status (52.5%).

Conclusion. As compared to Body Mass Index, which can only identify prevalence of malnutrition, the MNA®, both short and full form, was not only able to identify malnourished and nutritionally-at-risk older adult as well as provide variables that may screen for possible causes of malnutrition. This is necessary and relevant for timely nutrition intervention for improved nutritional outcome among older adults.
University of the Philippines Manila position statement on proposed House Bill No. 292, “An act imposing excise tax on sugar-sweetened beverages by inserting a new section 150-A in the National Internal Revenue Code of 1997, as amended”
Authors: Miguel Red Thaddeus DP. , Medina III Vicente O. , Lam Hilton Y. , Abad Lorna R. , Abad Peter James B. , Padilla Carmencita D.
Published: January 2021

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Diagnosis and Management of Childhood tuberculosis in Public health Clinics in a rural Area in the Philippines: results from a Community surveillance
Authors: Aldaba Josephine G. , Ama Ma. Cecilia G. , Salonga Aida M. , Sylim Patrick G. , Sarol, Jr Jesus N. , Lopez Anna Lena
Published: January 2021

Background. Childhood tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant health problem worldwide despite the increase on its emphasis in national health programs.

Objective. This study aimed to describe how TB in children is identified and managed in a routine TB program in a rural setting in a high-burden country.

Methods. This is a prospective, community-based surveillance study in public rural clinics in the Philippines. Observations on case finding and management of TB in children as well as contact tracing in an existing TB program are described.

Results. Out of 266 children with presumptive TB, 41 (15.4%) were cases of TB, 15 (5.6%) had latent TB infection (LTBI), 81 (30.5%) had TB exposure, and 129 (48.5%) had no TB. There were 37 (90%) TB cases who were clinically diagnosed. Ninety-three per cent (93%) of children with TB disease were cured or completed treatment. Among 25 children targeted for isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) for LTBI and TB exposure, only 12 (52%) completed the recommended 6 months of IPT. Only 40 (43%) children aged 0 to 4 years exposed to smear-positive TB cases were screened.

Conclusion. Barriers in the diagnosis, low IPT completion and problems in contact tracing may hinder successful implementation of TB programs for children.
Risk factors of developing Pneumonia Among Confirmed Measles Cases
Authors: Ylade Michelle C.
Published: January 2021

Background. Deaths may occur due to complications of measles. The most common measles complication is pneumonia and accounts for most measles-related deaths.

Objective. The study aimed to identify risk factors for developing pneumonia among measles cases.

Methodology. A cross-sectional study was conducted using measles surveillance data from an outbreak in the Philippines from January 2013 to December 2014. Data on age, sex, area of residence, clinical manifestations, receipt of measles vaccine, and other exposure variables were obtained and analyzed using logistic regression.

Results. Approximately 25,166 confirmed measles cases were included in the study where 16% had pneumonia. Potential risk factors identified in the development of pneumonia among confirmed measles cases were younger age (<5 years = OR 2.49, 95% CI: 1.81,3.42; 5-14 years = OR 2.34, 95% CI: 1.64,3.33), resident of Mindanao (OR 2.18, 95% CI: 1.74,2.74), presence of cough (OR 5.51, 95% CI: 2.04,14.86), presence of conjunctivitis (OR 1.31, 95% CI: 1.11,1.55), and being admitted to hospital (OR 3.16, 95% CI: 2.57,3.90). Confirmed measles cases with receipt of measles containing vaccine (MCV) (OR 0.74, 95% CI: 0.63,0.87) were found to be less likely to have pneumonia.

Conclusion. These risk factors help identify cases requiring prompt management to reduce morbidity and mortality in any future measles outbreaks.
Optimization of ibuprofen hydrogel-based Matrix tablet formulation for oral delivery
Authors: Celiz Giselle Clarisse D. , Leaño Catherine Joy B. , Arollado Erna C.
Published: January 2021

Objective. Ibuprofen, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, is poorly soluble leading to its slow systemic absorption. This study aimed to optimize the formulation of an ibuprofen hydrogel-based matrix tablet to improve its dissolution for better oral bioavailability.

Methods. Raw material of ibuprofen was subjected to quality control test and compatibility test with the excipients. Six trial formulations were performed, with polyethylene glycol (PEG) 6000 as the matrix for the first three trial formulations and carbopol for the remaining trial formulations. Finished product quality control (FPQC) tests were conducted to choose the best formulations to be compared against the marketed products using comparative dissolution and stability studies.

Results. Among the trial formulations, Formulation 3 and Formulation 4 displayed highly satisfactory results from FPQC. The results of disintegration tests, comparative dissolution, and stability studies suggested carbopol as the better polymer over PEG 6000 which made Formulation 4 as the best.

Conclusion. Based on the percent drug release and similarity factor, it was concluded that the formulation optimized in this study was considered to be similar with the standard liquigel.
Optimization of the isolation and Purification Method of Pharmaceutical Grade Pectin from Pomelo Fruit Peels (Citrus maxima Merr. [family rutaceae])
Authors: Arollado Erna C. , Ramirez Romeo-Luis F. , Manalo Richelle Ann M. , Dela Torre Gerwin Louis T. , Ponsaran Kerstin Mariae G. , Salvador Shaina Mara M. , Siocson Mae Pauline F.
Published: January 2021

Background. Pectin is a heteropolysaccharide used in pharmaceutical formulations as a binding agent. Importation of pectin costs billions of Philippine pesos, but the local laboratory-scale production of this excipient from fruit peel wastes is estimated to be cheaper by 80%.

Objective. To address economic and environment concerns associated with pectin production, this study aimed to optimize the isolation and purification of pharmaceutical grade pectin from pomelo (Citrus maxima Merr.) fruit peel as basis for commercial-scale production.

Methods. Pectin was extracted from pomelo using different solvents: 6.2% w/w citric acid, 1N acetic acid, 3N hydrochloric acid, 3N nitric acid, and 3N sulfuric acid. Temperatures for extracting pectin were explored at 40°C, 60°C, and 90°C. Obtained pectin samples were characterized based on the following parameters: equivalent weight (EW), methoxyl content (MC), ash content (AC), anhydrouronic acid content (AUA), and degree of esterification (DE).

Results. Highest pectin yield (9.25%) was obtained using 3N nitric acid and 3N sulfuric acid at 90°C.Based from the pharmacopeial standards (MC ≥ 6.7, AUA ≥ 74.0), all the samples did not pass the parameters, except the pectin extracted using 3N sulfuric acid at 90°C (MC = 6.76, AUA = 74.61).

Conclusion. Among the different solvents used for extraction, 3N sulfuric acid produced the highest percent yield of pharmaceutical grade pectin from pomelo fruit peel. Its optimum temperature for extraction was at 90°C. The sample passed the USP standards of MC values not less than 6.76 and AUA values not less than 74. Under the following conditions, pomelo fruit peel have the potential for commercial-scale production of pharmaceutical grade pectin.
Determination of the Antiangiogenic Activity of Telescopium telescopium (horn snail) Extract using in ovo Chorioallantoic Membrane (CAM) Assay
Authors: Luay Milany Anne M. , Gonzaga Mary France R. , Po Sharmaine Kae D. , Arollado Erna C.
Published: January 2021

Objective. To determine the antiangiogenic activity of Telescopium telescopium (Horn snail) extract using in ovo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay.

Methods. Methanolic extract of Telescopium telescopium was subjected to modified Kupchan partitioning. Four treatment groups – negative control, positive control (quercetin), test samples, and blanks – were used for the in ovo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay. ImageJ software was used to measure average vessel diameter (DV) and total length (LT) to determine the degree of vascularization, percent inhibition, and antiangiogenic activity. Biochemical screening was done for the crude extract and the fraction with the highest percent inhibition.

Results. Butanol fraction showed the highest percent inhibition in both average vessel diameter (DV) (417.30% ± 300.83) and total length (L T) (44.21% ± 8.11). There was no significant difference in the antiangiogenic activity of both crude and butanol fraction compared with quercetin. Biochemical screening confirmed the presence of sterols and carbohydrates in both fractions.

Conclusion. Crude extract and butanol fraction resulted in positive percent inhibition values, indicating inhibition of angiogenesis. They were found to have no significant difference with quercetin in regard to their antiangiogenic activity. Sterols were assumed as the biochemical class of the antiangiogenic compound of interest.
Disparities in hospital Capacities and Efficiency of Computer-based health insurance Claims Processing
Authors: Caballes Alvin B. , Nisperos Gene A. , Zuniga Philip C.
Published: January 2021

Background. The Philippine Health Insurance Corporation (PhilHealth) has adopted several computer-based systems to enhance claims processing for hospitals.

Objectives. This study sought to determine the efficiency gains in the processing of PhilHealth claims following the introduction of computer-based processing systems, taking into account differences in hospital characteristics.

Methods. Data were obtained from a survey conducted among 200 hospitals, and their corresponding 2014 claims figures as provided by PhilHealth. Summary descriptive statistics of hospital capacities (ownership, service level, and utilization of PhilHealth computer systems) and claims outcomes (claims rejection rates, as well as length of claims processing times for hospitals and with PhilHealth) were generated. Multivariate regression analysis was done using claims outcomes as dependent variables, and hospital capacities as independent variables.

Results. Nearly a quarter of the surveyed hospitals did not utilize any of PhilHealth’s computer-based claims systems. Utilization was lowest for primary as well as public facilities. Among those that used the systems, most employed the on-line membership verification program. The mean claims rejection rate was 3.81%. Claims processing by hospitals took an average of 35 days, while PhilHealth required 40 days from receipt of claims to release of reimbursement. Regression analysis indicated that facilities which utilized computers as well as private hospitals had significantly lower claims rejection rates (p<0.05). The claims processing duration was significantly shorter among private facilities.

Conclusions. Private hospitals are able to process claims and obtain reimbursements faster than public facilities, regardless of the use of PhilHeath’s computer-based systems. PhilHealth and public hospitals need to optimize claims processing arrangements.
Epidemiology of Measles in the Philippines
Authors: Ylade Michelle C.
Published: January 2021

Background. Measles cases have decreased ever since vaccination has been introduced through the DOH Expanded Program on Immunization (DOH EPI) in the Philippines. Elimination is the current goal. However, despite high vaccine coverage, a nationwide outbreak occurred in 2013.

Objectives. This study aimed to present measles incidence rates before and after the introduction of the measles vaccine, describe the changing epidemiology of measles, and assess the effectiveness of measles vaccination and baseline measles reporting.

Methods. National data from 1960 to 2014 were used to determine incidence of measles and describe its epidemiology. Vaccine coverage and data on measles surveillance were used to estimate vaccine effectiveness by birth cohort and age group.

Results. Reported measles incidence decreased after the introduction of measles vaccine compared to prevaccination levels (pre-vaccination: 36 per 100,000 to 73 per 100,000; 2008-2014 confirmed measles incidence: 1.47 to 23.76 per 100,000, suspected measles-5.7 to 58.08 per 100,000). A shift in the age distribution of cases was noted during the outbreak. Vaccine effectiveness by birth cohort ranged from 85-96% while the lowest VE estimate by age group was seen among those aged 26-30 years.

Conclusion. Measles vaccine coverage should target wider age groups. Measles surveillance should be improved to help in evidence-based decisions for a more effective plan towards measles elimination.
Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behavior of Teenagers Regarding Sex in the Community of Los Baños, Laguna
Authors: Candelaria Maria Eleanor L. , Rodriguez Maricar B. , Reyes Robbie Jun B. , Clemente-Co Leah Rebecah R. , Tatel Reymund D.
Published: January 2021

Background. The steady rise in the number of teenage pregnancies in Los Baños, Laguna was identified as a public health concern that needs to be addressed immediately given the numerous complications to the teenage mother and her infant.

Methods. The study used a multicomponent strategy which included 1) a survey of Grades 7-12 students, 2) training of midwives, and 3) advocacy for parents to enhance existing projects on teenage pregnancy.

Results. The survey showed that students value the opinion of friends of the same gender but prefer to get information from a health professional.

Conclusion. The students did not see their parents as a preferred source of information for sexual health. Approximately one-third of the respondents mistakingly believed that teenagers will never get pregnant during their first sexual encounter. Recommendations include training teachers to provide professional advice, inclusion of more schools for the survey, further training on other counselling techniques, and extension of advocacy to other pertinent sectors of the community.
Household Characteristics, Housing Profile and Diet Diversity of Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program (4Ps) Beneficiaries and Non-beneficiaries in Lucena City, Quezon, Philippines
Authors: Zarsuelo Ma-Ann M. , Suva Madeline M. , Juanico Clarissa B. , Hurtada Wilma A.
Published: January 2021

Background. The Philippines adopted the Conditional Cash Transfer (CCT) program as the Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program (4Ps) that serves as the government’s flagship social assistance program for the poor. This provides short-term income support to poor families while investing on health and education to overcome future poverty.

Objective. This study aimed to characterize the beneficiary and non-beneficiary households and evaluate the impact of 4Ps program on housing facilities and diet diversity.

Methods. Quasi-experimental design was used to evaluate survey outcomes between 91 randomly sampled beneficiaries and 91 completely enumerated non-beneficiaries (incoming grantees). FANTA Household Dietary Diversity Score (HDDS) was used as an indicator for dietary diversity while structured questionnaire on housing profile was based on BIDANI and CEM-UPLB tools.

Results. The 4Ps beneficiaries had significantly higher maternal education, household size (ρ=0.038), and improved water source (ρ=0.004) than non-beneficiaries. Cash transfer among 4Ps households provided 11% increase in the average monthly income of P7,324 pre-transfer. Diet diversity using FANTA scoring (0-12) showed that nonbeneficiaries were significantly lower by 0.4 than 4Ps score of 7.9 (ρ=0.003). Maternal education was found to have significant positive correlation with diet diversity. Both groups had high cereals and fats intake (>90%) while low in complex carbohydrates and legumes (<31%).

Conclusion. The 4Ps had positive correlation on housing profile and diet diversity among beneficiaries. Family Development Session should integrate practical methods on improving variety of foods, specifically, the low consumption food groups. Additionally, a review on the selection criteria based on the provincial poverty threshold vis a vis income of grantees must be implemented to accurately target intended beneficiaries.
Ethnomedicinal Uses of tawatawa (Euphorbia hirta Linn.) in Selected Communities in the Philippines: a Non-invasive Ethnographic Survey Using Pictures for Plant Identification
Authors: Lam Hilton Y. , Montaño Marco Nemesio E. , Sia Isidro C. , Heralde III Francisco M. , Tayao Lotgarda
Published: January 2021

Background. There is a growing interest in the use of Euphorbia hirta Linn. as herbal remedy for dengue, supposedly based on folkloric practice. However, there has been no ethnobotanical documentation of such use in the Philippines. Because of this, the medical community cautions the public against the sole use of E. hirta in treating dengue.

General Objective. To describe the ethnomedicinal uses of Euphorbia hirta Linn. In selected communities in the Philippines.

Specific Objectives. (1) To identify the vernacular names of the plant; (2) to identify the earliest known use of the plant against dengue infection and for other indications; (3) to document the methods of preparation and administration, side effects, and contraindications of use.

Methods. Cross-sectional descriptive design using the snowball sampling of interviewer-guided key informants for the ethnobotanical interview.

Limitations. The results of this study may be limited by its convenient sampling design and the use of plant pictures with different magnifications.

Results and Conclusion. Majority of the respondents were female (93%), 41-60 years old (39%), had high school education (43%), and resided in Quezon City (31%). The plant is locally known as tawatawa, butobutonesan, malagatas, and mangagaw. It has been used to treat fever in the Philippines as early as 1948. Its use as a treatment for dengue started only in the 1980s. The plant is either squeezed, crushed, or boiled, and is administered topically or orally. The only reported side-effect is increased urinary frequency.

Recommendations. It is recommended that more comprehensive and large scale studies be conducted, including: (1) identification of folkloric uses of E. hirta for the treatment of other diseases; (2) determination of different concentrations of extract (crude or semicrude) using the various reported preparations for optimal outcomes for the different reported medicinal uses.
A Review of the Philippine Policies on Mental Health of Overseas Filipino Workers (OFWs)
Authors: Zarsuelo Ma-Ann M.
Published: January 2021

The Philippines has been lauded for its labor-export programs and is deemed as a global model of migration by other countries. With the economic and employment challenges in the country, seeking work opportunities overseas becomes a promising option. Numerous policies bring forth to the creation of government agencies that focus on labor protection and welfare promotion of migrant workers here and in their host countries, which include advancement of mental health. This paper aims to review and identify the gaps of regulatory policies that intersect the phases of migration: pre-deployment, deployment, and reintegration. Statistics and anecdotal data show that cases of distressed overseas Filipino workers (OFWs) are increasing given the presence of adverse working conditions across the continents. This problem is compounded by cultural stigma and financial inaccessibility of seeking mental health services. Post-repatriation issues, particularly the concerns on socio-economic reintegration is further noted. Thus, the management of mental health among OFWs calls for a comprehensive review of our existing policies and the delineation of the interrelated responsibilities of all relevant stakeholders for effective multisectoral program implementation. Synchronized endeavors of different agencies for efficient handling of psychosocial programs for OFWs in all stages of deployment is needed. Realistic and sustainable programs to address mental health issues are attainable through collaborative actions, with the foresight of focusing on prevention rather than treatment.
Public Policy on Alcohol Consumption and Accessibility: Implications to its Implementation in Metro Manila Universities and Colleges
Authors: Pagkatipunan Paulo Maria N.
Published: January 2021

Objectives. The study aimed to identify alcohol-related advertisements and access to alcohol outside selected Metro Manila schools as well as to identify alcohol-related ordinances and determine their enforcement.

Methods. An area within 100 meters of ten randomly selected colleges in Metro Manila were included in the study using the Global Positioning System (GPS). These areas were grid-searched for alcohol related advertisements and alcohol outlets. Ordinances related to alcohol were also identified.

Results. An average of six advertisements and 12 establishments which sell alcoholic drinks were seen near the selected colleges in Metro Manila. Three of the five cities where the ten colleges were situated had ordinances which prohibit selling to minors while two cities prohibit issuing of liquor licenses to establishments within 200 meters from a school.

Conclusion. Alcohol-related advertisements and alcohol outlets were plentiful near Metro Manila colleges even when there were ordinances which prohibit giving licenses to establishments to sell alcoholic beverages
A 1-year-old Female with Maple Syrup Urine Disease Presenting with Acrodermatitis-Enteropathica-like Lesions
Authors: Abad Rona Maria R. , Lazo-Dizon Johanna Pauline H.
Published: January 2021

A 1-year-old female with maple syrup urine disease presenting with erythematous, partially eroded plaques on the trunk, anogenital area, and extremities experienced metabolic crisis. The skin lesions appeared at 11 months of age and was thought to result from amino acid imbalance secondary to erratic supplementation of specialized milk formula devoid of isoleucine, leucine, and valine. Serial urine monitoring showed persistent ketones and elevated serum leucine and valine. The patient was managed with emollients, intralipid 20%, and addition of isoleucine and valine supplements to counter the neurotoxic effect of leucine. After 8 days of proper feeding and continuous emollient application, the lesions improved and skin biopsy revealed superficial perivascular dermatitis. Although a decrease in erythema and desquamation was noted, the patient had persistent cerebral edema and continued to deteriorate.
Carcinomatous Mastitis and Pregnancy: Reflection on a Case
Authors:   Service de chirurgie carcinologique, Centre de lutte contre le cancer, Batna – Algérie, Benabdelhafid Zohir
Published: January 2021

L’association d’un cancer du sein et d’une grossesse est un événement rare, défini par le diagnostic d’un cancer du sein soit pendant la grossesse, soit durant l’année suivant l’accouchement. Depuis la description initiale par Walkman de la mastite carcinomateuse de la femme enceinte en 1875, le pronostic de cette lésion reste défavorable. Elle représente la seule véritable urgence thérapeutique en oncologie mammaire. La mastite carcinomateuse de la femme enceinte a une très mauvaise réputation avec son double problème cancérologique et obstétrical. Sa prise en charge est difficile car les enjeux sont doubles : traiter au mieux la patiente sans compromettre le pronostic fœtal, ces deux notions peuvent aboutir à un conflit d’intérêt maternofœtal qui doit être gérée par une équipe multidisciplinaire. Nous rapportons le cas d'une patiente prise en charge au centre de lutte contre le cancer de Batna ; qui a découvert un nodule du sein droit sur grossesse de deux mois, cette masse aurait été découverte par la patiente quatre mois plus tôt et banalisée jusqu’à l’augmentation rapide de son volume, où elle s’est présentée à la consultation dans un état historique de cancer du sein localement avancé avec métastase pulmonaire, hépatique, pancréatique et osseuse. À travers cette observation et une revue de la littérature, nous discutons les facteurs aboutissant au retard diagnostique du cancer du sein afin d’engager une discussion sur la stratégie optimale de la prise en charge de ces patientes, et de donner des solutions pour sensibiliser la population.
Accident vasculaire cérébral chez les sujets jeunes : à propos d'une jeune femme
Authors:   Service de Chirurgie cardiovasculaire, EHS Dr Djaghri Mokhtar, Constantine – Algérie, Amine Amrous
Published: January 2021

According to epidemiological data, stroke’s incidence is clearly growing, especially in young people under 45. Ischemic stroke is the most common type (80%). Many risk factors have been identified, including hypertension, tobacco, dyslipidemia, diabetes, alcohol, and oestroprogestogenic contraceptive pill. The main mechanisms are atheroma of large arterial trunks, occlusion of small cerebral arteries unrelated to atherosclerosis, and cardio-embolic causes. The aim of our study is to present a clinical case of ischemic stroke in young subjects caused by heart disease at high embolic risk.
Neuroendocrine tumor of the ovary, an unusual location. Report of a case and literature review
Authors:   Service de chirurgie carcinologique, Centre de lutte contre le cancer, Batna – Algérie, Benabdelhafid Zohir
Published: January 2021

Les tumeurs neuroendocrines constituent un groupe des tumeurs susceptibles de naitre en tout point de l’organisme. Ces tumeurs sont rares. Bien que celles-ci soient généralement associées au tractus gastrointestinal, au pancréas et au poumon, des cas gynécologiques ont également été rapportés, Parmi celles-ci, les tumeurs neuroendocrines ovariennes qui sont extrêmement rares. Seuls 15 % d'entre elles existeraient sous forme pure, le reste présentant des composants tératomateux tels que des struma ovarii ou des kystes dermoïdes. Nous rapportons le cas d’une patiente âgée de 36 ans présentant un carcinome neuroendocrinien primitif bilatéral de l’ovaire, confirmé par immuno-histochimie, pour lequel une réduction chirurgicale optimale et une chimiothérapie ont été réalisées. Nous insistons à travers cette observation et sous la lumière de la revue de la littérature sur les aspects épidémiologiques, morphologiques, immunohistochimiques et le défi diagnostique posé par ces tumeurs rares.
Oculo-orbital complications of acute sinusitis in children. Report of 3 cases
Authors:   Service d’ophtalmologie, EHS pédiatrique de Canastel, Oran – Algérie, Kerrouche Kheira , Fergoug Brahim ,   Service d’Otorhinolaryngologie EHU Oran – Algérie.
Published: January 2021

Introduction. Les complications oculo-orbitaires des sinusites chez l'enfant sont fréquentes et peuvent engager le pronostic visuel et même vital. Leur prise en charge doit être urgente, médicale et parfois chirurgicale. Le but de ce travail est d’étudier à travers trois observations, les différents tableaux cliniques et para cliniques des complications oculo-orbitaires des sinusites chez l’enfant ainsi que leur traitement. Patients & méthodes. Nous rapportons les observations de trois enfants, deux filles et un garçon, âgés entre 6 et 12 ans, hospitalisés dans le cadre de l’urgence. Deux patients présentaient un syndrome inflammatoire orbitaire unilatéral avec exophtalmie importante et le 3ème cas un état de cécité avec céphalée et vomissement chez qui l’examen ophtalmologique a révélé une névrite optique bilatérale œdémateuse. L’imagerie (scanner et IRM) a montré une sinusite antérieure dans les deux premiers cas et une sinusite sphénoïdale isolée dans le dernier cas. L’examen ORL a confirmé la sinusite dans les deux premiers cas et était normal dans le dernier cas. Tous les patients ont bénéficié d’une tri- antibiothérapie générale associée secondairement à une corticothérapie systémique. Un patient a nécessité un drainage chirurgical. Résultats. L’évolution à trois mois était bonne pour les trois patients : réduction presque complète de l’exophtalmie et récupération de l’acuité visuelle chez le dernier cas. Discussion et conclusion. Les complications orbitaires des sinusites sont assez fréquentes. Chez l’enfant, la complication de l’atteinte des sinus antérieurs (ethmoïdal et frontal) sont responsables d’un tableau clinique bruyant avec une cellulite orbitaire. Cependant, la complication de la sinusite sphénoïdale est rare mais grave, ses manifestations cliniques sont pauvres et trompeuses. Le diagnostic et le traitement doivent être précoces pour éviter la complication redoutée qui est la thrombophlébite du sinus caverneux.
Egresados de Telebachillerato Comunitario y su capacidad de aspiración
Authors: Alanís Jiménez José Francisco
Published: January 2021

Este estudio colectivo de “casos típicos” por muestreo teórico tiene el objetivo de caracterizar las aspiraciones de jóvenes que egresaron recientemente de los Telebachilleratos Comunitarios (TBC) en Morelos. Con base en entrevistas semiestructuradas, se obtuvo una valoración sobre el TBC desde la mirada de sus egresados; se identificaron obstáculos y apoyos que delinearon sus aspiraciones distinguiendo entre quienes continuaron sus estudios y quienes no lo hicieron. Se encontró que son los primeros quienes ejercen más su capacidad de aspiración. Con la intención de contribuir desde la investigación a la mejora de sus condiciones y perspectivas a futuro, en las conclusiones se ofrecen orientaciones para fortalecer estos espacios donde la educación media superior (EMS) se puede hacer llegar a personas en situación vulnerable, empoderándolos y ampliando sus posibilidades de superación con equidad, menos injusticia y de manera más digna.
Análisis socioespacial de los Institutos Tecnológicos federales de la Ciudad de México
Authors: Ángeles Colín Diego , Mejía Pérez Gustavo
Published: January 2021

Entre 2008 y 2012 se establecieron doce Institutos Tecnológicos Federales en la Ciudad de México para ampliar las oportunidades educativas en las alcaldías con mayor rezago en educación superior. En el presente artículo exploramos la pertinencia socioespacial de este subsistema educativo y buscamos arrojar luz sobre dos problemáticas actuales del mismo. Nuestro análisis se basa en el uso de un sistema de información geográfico (Q-GIS) que incorpora las siguientes variables a nivel de alcaldías y municipios: número de instituciones de educación superior, Índice de Desarrollo Humano, y número de jóvenes de entre 15 y 24 años por municipio o alcaldía. El análisis descriptivo muestra que los IT en la Ciudad de México tienden a ubicarse en las alcaldías con menores niveles de desarrollo regional y mayor número de jóvenes.
Una reflexión sobre la Escuela en tiempos de Covid desde la mirada de Arendt, Meirieu, Simons y Masschelein
Authors: Vargas Pellicer José Miguel
Published: January 2021

El objetivo de este artículo es presentar una serie de reflexiones sobre algunas de las condiciones que hacen posible la experiencia escolar, entendiendo la Escuela como una cuestión de interés público donde se media la relación entre las nuevas generaciones y el mundo, producto de siglos de experiencias culturales. Para ello, se revisaron tres textos relevantes: La crisis en la educación, de Hannah Arendt, Pedagogía: el deber de resistirde Philippe Meirieu y En defensa de la escuela. Una cuestión pública, de Maarten Simons y Jan Masschelein. Aprovechando la contingencia sanitaria producto de la pandemia asociada al Covid-19, es un momento oportuno para retomar algunas preguntas fundamentales sobre aquello que da sentido a esta institución que llamamos Escuela.
Encuesta Nacional a Docentes ante el COVID-19. Retos para la educación a distancia
Authors: Baptista Lucio Pilar , Almazán Zimerman Alejandro , Loeza Altamirano César Alberto
Published: January 2021

El coronavirus SARS COV-2 y su propagación llevó a los gobiernos del mundo a tomar las recomendaciones de la OMS, publicadas el 11 de marzo de 2020, lo que resultó en la suspensión de actividades escolares presenciales. En México, más de 30 millones de estudiantes y dos millones de docentes enfrentan esta situación. En este contexto, la presente investigación tiene por objeto describir las actividades que docentes mexicanos llevan a cabo para dar continuidad al año académico, a través del cuestionario END-Covid-19, que respondieron en línea 2 253 profesores de escuelas públicas. De los resultados surge una clara descripción de las herramientas digitales utilizadas por los docentes mexicanos tanto para la gestión del curso, como para la enseñanza y el aprendizaje de los alumnos, orientadas a dar continuidad a la educación interrumpida. Combinan para ello herramientas digitales con recursos tradicionales. Se encontraron diferencias significativas dadas por región geográfica y nivel educativo; no así en cuanto a edad o sexo del docente. Otros hallazgos importantes surgen a partir de un análisis de sentimientos docentes ante la situación que viven y, sobre todo, acerca de la capacitación y el acompañamiento que les gustaría en el futuro recibir.
CUENCA MINERA DE RIOTINTO (HUELVA), PAISAJE HECHO A MANO ÁREA TEMÁTICA: PAISAJE CULTURAL
Authors: Delgado Dominguez Aquilino
Published: January 2021

Resumen Este trabajo trata del paisaje cultural de la Cuenca Minera de Riotinto generado tras 5000 años de actividad minera y metalúrgica. Abstract This work is about the cultural landscape of the Riotinto Mining Basin generated after 5000 years of mining and metallurgy.
EL PATRIMONIO DOCUMENTAL COMO INSTRUMENTO INDISPENSABLE PARA LA DESCRIPCIÓN DISCIPLINAR DEL PATRIMONIO. ALGUNOS EJEMPLOS DE TIPOLOGÍAS EN EL ARCHIVO HISTÓRICO MINERO DE FUNDACIÓN RÍO TINTO (ES. 21049.AHMFRT).
Authors: Pérez López Juan Manuel
Published: January 2021

La explotación de las minas de Río Tinto por The Rio Tinto Company Limited fundamentalmente y otras compañías españolas (CEMRT, ERT, RTP, RTM, etc.), transformaron el territorio y lo convirtieron en un paisaje cultural con características propias. Por una parte, generaron un conjunto de instalaciones mineras que con el paso del tiempo cuando perdieron su funcionalidad, han sido recuperadas como parte integrante del patrimonio y como elementos para el desarrollo del turismo cultural. Y de otra, un conjunto de patrimonio documental que ha sido organizado, conservado y custodiado para la investigación histórica y cultural desde la creación del AHMFRT. Pondremos de manifiesto la diversa tipología del patrimonio documental custodiado por Fundación Río Tinto y su incidencia en los distintos “patrimonios” (histórico, arqueológico, arquitectónico, tecnológico, antropológico, etc.) que se generaron con la explotación minera, de forma que permita una interacción de estudios interdisciplinares a partir del patrimonio documental como eje transversal. Así, incidiremos en la importancia de ir hacia una gestión integral del patrimonio minero, que afecta tanto a los actores como a los elementos del patrimonio. Para poner en valor un patrimonio documental olvidado al servicio de la reconstrucción del paisaje minero que nos muestra las huellas de un pasado industrial floreciente.
Aproximación a las fuentes para la reconstrucción del paisaje de Zacatena en el Antiguo Régimen (siglos XV-XVIII)
Authors: Moreno Díaz del Campo Francisco J. , Fernández Izquierdo Francisco , Gómez Vozmediano Miguel F. , Mejías Moreno Miguel
Published: January 2021

Situado en medio de la llanura manchega, el Parque Nacional de Las Tablas de Daimiel es uno de los pocos enclaves de nuestro país en los que se desarrolla el ecosistema de tablas fluviales. Durante la época preindustrial el lugar fue conocido como la Real Dehesa de Zacatena y fue propiedad de la Orden de Calatrava y de la Monarquía Hispánica. Dada su potencialidad económica, la conservación del lugar fue una de las principales preocupaciones de sus gestores. Gracias a ello, se custodian en los archivos numerosos testimonios que nos informan acerca del nivel de protección que, desde siglos atrás, se dio a Zacatena. El estudio conjunto de todas esas fuentes permite reconstruir de una manera muy fidedigna el paisaje natural de la dehesa, su extensión y evolución a lo largo del tiempo. Se trata de cuestiones de primer orden, que, en última instancia, permiten conocer uno de los principales pilares del enclave: su patrimonio natural, base a su vez de la rica herencia cultural y arquitectónica de la que es garante el lugar.
Sargadelos: patrimonio cultural, memorístico y turístico
Authors: Real Lopez Inmaculada
Published: January 2021

En este artículo se aborda la cerámica de Sargadelos desde la perspectiva de la identidad. Para ello se comienza analizando cuáles fueron sus orígenes y la evolución que esta producción ha tenido hasta la actualidad. Se destaca el carácter excepcional que ha conseguido esta loza gallega emprendida en el siglo XIX y que fue un exponente de modernidad. Díaz Pardo encuentra en este material un soporte donde dar visibilidad y rescatar un periodo cultural que había caído en el olvido. Un proceso de recuperación que concluyó, gracias al apoyo de los intelectuales exiliados en Argentina, con la creación del Laboratorio de Formas y la fabricación de una cerámica que se convierte en el símbolo de Galicia. Actualmente, la cerámica de Sargadelos es un reclamo turístico y ha conseguido tener eco a nivel nacional e internacional.
Itinerario de retablos rococó en La Orotava, Tenerife. Policromía del retablo de San Miguel
Authors: Suárez Benítez Carmen
Published: January 2021

La Villa de La Orotava es un municipio con un Patrimonio retablístico que data desde el S. XVI hasta la actualidad. Mediante la ruta propuesta se persigue la divulgación de aquellos de finales del S.XVIII de propiedad eclesiástica, para hacer énfasis en la Policromía, rica por la variedad de sus motivos, así como por los recursos polícromos utilizados para generar “efectos volumétricos”. Se pretende así, acercar a los visitantes las características propias del Rococó en Tenerife.
Materias primas en las pastas cerámicas de origen volcánico en la cerámica canaria: descripción y caracterización geotécnica
Authors: Martín Afonso Carmen Gloria , Acosta Hernández Fátima Felisa
Published: January 2021

La tejería de producción semiartesanal es un oficio que está prácticamente desaparecido en el Archipiélago canario, y la producción de loza es conservada por unos pocos alfareros/as que han mostrado su interés particular por mantener el oficio, siendo sus piezas objetos decorativos o souvenirs alejándose del uso doméstico que antes cumplían. La generación actual emplea una terminología referente a las materias primas muy similar, independientemente de la Isla donde trabajen. Esto es debido a que consultan las fuentes bibligráficas sobre “las últimas loceras” del Archipiélago, a la mayor comunicación entre loceros/as gracias al contacto en ferias de artesanía insulares, regionales,... así como en jornadas de divulgación organizadas por instituciones. No obstante, cuando la cerámica era el medio de vida en los determinados focos alfareros del Archipiélago las loceras denominaban los materiales según los vocablos locales que les transmitían sus antecesoras, y no siempre el mismo término identificaba materiales de iguales características. En este trabajo se recopilan las referencias etnográficas sobre las materias primas aportando una visión de conjunto y comparativa de las mismas a la vez que se intentan describir aportando algunos datos de carácter más geotécnico que facilite el entendimiento sobre su comportamiento en los procesos cerámicos.
Las galerías de agua como patrimonio minero y cultural. Propuesta para utilización de la capacidad petrificadora de sus aguas
Authors: Viña Rodríguez Francisco Javier , Pérez Jiménez Mauricio
Published: January 2021

Las galerías de agua son perforaciones-minas casi horizontales, realizadas para la extracción de aguas subterráneas. En Tenerife la perforación de galerías ha sido una necesidad casi desde el inicio de la Conquista, siendo esta actividad perforadora especialmente significativa desde finales del siglo XIX, como respuesta a las necesidades asociadas inicialmente a la agricultura de exportación y después a la expansión del turismo. El conjunto de galerías,así como la red histórica de canalizaciones, conforman conjuntos patrimoniales de alta significación para entender nuestra evolución cultural, que merecen atención y mantenimiento. Como consecuencia de la alta mineralización de los acuíferos, el agua de bastantes galerías presenta una elevada capacidad petrificante, especialmente las ubicadas en las zonas nor oeste y sur oeste de la isla. Se analizan las características de aguas y sedimentos líticos, aportando correlacions con otros lugares donde afloran este tipo de aguas carbonatadas. Se propone el aprovechamiento de dicha capacidad petrificadora para la producción de formas escultóricas.