bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
REVIEW ON DYNAMICS OF CYBER CRIMES AND AWARENESS: A STUDY IN BIHAR
Authors: Sundaram Ajit Kumar , Roy Om Prakash
Published: August 2024

The research examines the dynamics of cybercrimes and awareness in Bihar, focusing on the changing environment of cyber threats in the region. It also investigates approaches to improve cyber security awareness and implement steps to mitigate these threats. This study does a thorough analysis to investigate the prevalence, various types, and consequences of cybercrimes on both persons and organizations in the state of Bihar. This study examines the primary determinants that contribute to the escalation of cybercrimes, encompassing developments in technology, heightened internet connectivity, and insufficient cyber security protocols. This study highlights the pressing necessity for increased consciousness and proactive strategies to successfully mitigate cyber dangers. An alarming rise of cybercrimes targeting citizens and businesses in Bihar, including financial scams, identity theft, cyber bullying, and data breaches, is one of the main conclusions of the study. These criminal activities not only lead to substantial monetary damages but also erode confidence, jeopardize confidentiality, and jeopardize the digital welfare of persons and communities. The research emphasizes the need of advocating for cyber security awareness campaigns and equipping individuals with information regarding cyber dangers and optimal strategies for ensuring online safety. The research underscores the importance of fostering collaborative endeavors among governmental entities, law enforcement agencies, educational establishments, and industry participants in order to effectively address cyber threats in a holistic manner. Stakeholders can bolster cyber resilience at both the human and organizational levels by cultivating collaborations, exchanging resources, and synchronizing response endeavors. The research closes by providing suggestions for improving cyber security awareness and adopting effective mitigation techniques to protect against cyber threats in Bihar and other regions.
INTELLIGENT CONTROL STRATEGIES FOR ENHANCING POWER QUALITY USING ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKBASED DYNAMIC VOLTAGE RESTORERS
Authors: Kumawat Hitesh , Tundwal Prerna , Dave Vikramaditya
Published: August 2024

Dynamic Voltage Restorers are becoming essential tools for improving power quality in distribution networks by reducing voltage swells and sags. The dynamic and nonlinear nature of grid disturbances may not be sufficiently addressed by traditional DVR control strategies, which are based on established algorithms. In this paper, we suggest a unique method for controlling DVRs that makes use of ANNs and provides improved responsiveness and adaptability to changing grid conditions. The architecture of the ANN-based DVR is intended to learn from past data and modify its control strategy in real-time, allowing for accurate and effective voltage restoration. The ANN-based DVR control strategy's theoretical foundation is presented in this research, along with its capacity to understand intricate linkages between grid disruptions and the best course of action for remediation. Additionally, we go over how simulation data representative of various grid conditions is used to train the ANN model. Through thorough simulation experiments, the effectiveness of the proposed ANN-based DVR system is assessed in relation to traditional control strategies under a range of fault circumstances and load profiles. The outcomes show that the ANN-based method performs better in terms of response time, accuracy of voltage restoration, and flexibility to changing grid dynamics. Furthermore, the suggested method's resilience and scalability are examined, indicating encouraging possibilities for its application in real-world distribution systems. Overall, by presenting a novel and astute method of DVR control based on Artificial Neural Networks, this research advances the state-of-the-art in power quality enhancement technologies.
CANNY EDGE DETECTION: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW
Authors: Agrawal Himangi , Desai Krish
Published: August 2024

Canny edge detection is a widely employed technique in image processing known for its effectiveness in identifying and highlighting edges within digital images. Because of its excellent performance, the Canny Edge Detector is one of the most used edge detection algorithms. For several image processing techniques, including image enhancement, image segmentation, tracking, and image/video coding, edge detection serves as a preliminary step. Compared to the Sobel algorithm, Canny's edge detection approach yields much lower memory requirements, reduced latency, and enhanced throughput without sacrificing edge detection performance. This paper provides a comprehensive review of canny edge algorithm, elucidating each step. In this paper, the canny edge algorithm is implemented on an image as well as in real time using MATLAB and its Simulink model. We have also performed high level synthesis of the proposed algorithm using HDL coder.
SIMULATION OF NQBI FOR HV APPLICATIONS IN POWER SYSTEMS
Authors: Swathi M. , Pranavi P. , Nishitha V. , Revanth T. , Gopichand M. Reddy
Published: August 2024

Multilevel inverters (MLI) with switching capacitors are becoming more common in high-voltage AC applications related to renewable energy. Using the switched capacitor (SC) method, the desired voltage amplitude is created by applying a small DC voltage across the capacitor. Creating an effective MLI takes more work and less space on the keyboard. This work presents a nine-phase, four-phase quad boost inverter (NQBI) topology driven by a single solar photovoltaic source that uses fewer capacitors, switches, and diodes than previous SCMLI architectures. The voltage across the two capacitors can be measured to provide nine distinct outputs. To illustrate the benefits and drawbacks of the suggested nine-phase quadrupole boost inverter (NQBI) architecture, a comparison of several SC-MLIs has been conducted. Successful trials have been conducted in a variety of experimental settings to show the efficacy of solar photovoltaic-based NQBI without grid connection.
A REVIEW: CONTROL STRATEGIES IN BIDIRECTIONAL DC-DC CONVERTER TOPOLOGIES
Authors: Sharma Piyush , Palwalia Dheeraj Kumar , Sharma Ashok Kumar
Published: August 2024

Bidirectional DC-DC power converters are increasingly finding their way into a wide array of applications where the need for power to flow in both forward and reverse directions is crucial. These applications span across various fields such as energy storage systems, uninterruptible power supplies, electric vehicles, and renewable energy systems, among others, showcasing the versatility and importance of these converters. The primary objective of this article is to delve into the control strategies employed in these converters. When looking at the overall design, these converters can be categorized into two main groups: non-isolated and isolated configurations, each with its specific characteristics and applications. Furthermore, the prevalent control methods and switching techniques used in these converters are thoroughly examined to provide a comprehensive understanding of their operation. While some control strategies like PID, sliding mode, fuzzy logic, and model predictive control are commonly utilized across all DC-DC converters for enhancing their efficiency and performance. The paper delves into the distinct features of converter topology and control scheme, offering insights into their typical uses and advantages, thereby serving as a valuable resource for comparing existing configurations or selecting the most suitable converter for a specific application. By shedding light on these aspects, it opens up avenues for exploring new configurations and optimizing converter selection based on specific needs and requirements in various scenarios.
AI APPLICATION FOR CROP MONITORING AND PREDICT CROP DISEASES & SOIL QUALITIES
Authors: Kothari Nitin , Jain Chandra , Jain Aashita , Solanki Anshika , Sen Darshana , Kumawat Priya
Published: August 2024

Crop disease and soil health are critical factors influencing agricultural productivity and food security worldwide. Traditional methods for disease detection and soil analysis often involve time-consuming and labourintensive processes, leading to delays in response and management. Given the current trajectory of population growth, it is anticipated that by 2050, global crop productivity will need to double from its current levels. Pests and diseases are a major obstacle to achieving this productivity outcome. Hence, it's imperative to devise efficient methodologies for automatically detecting, identifying, and predicting pests and diseases in agricultural crops. Employing Machine Learning (ML) techniques can facilitate extracting insights and correlations from the data under analysis. This paper conducts an extensive review of the literature on machine learning techniques utilized in agricultural contexts, particularly emphasizing their application in tasks related to the classification, detection, and prediction of diseases and pests. The survey endeavours to advance smart farming and precision agriculture by advocating for the creation of methodologies that enable farmers to reduce reliance on pesticides and chemicals while simultaneously enhancing crop quality and productivity. AI models can accurately detect symptoms of diseases such as leaf discoloration, damaged area, and other visual different. the integration of IoT (Internet of Things) devices and wireless sensor networks facilitates real-time monitoring of environmental variables such as temperature, humidity, and soil moisture, providing valuable data for disease prediction and prevention.
MODERNIZATION OF UDAIPUR CITY INTO SMART CITY FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Sharma Abhishek , Sharma Pashu , Dangi Lokesh , Rathaur Suhani , Paneri Prachi
Published: August 2024

Smart Cities will endeavour to use technology, information and data to improve infrastructure and services. Smart city is a wave of transformation where people of particular city get all kinds of essential services like drinking water, sanitation, transport, roads, streetlights, facility of education, information technology, hospital, garden, parking and hotels, railways, airport connectivity, fire mitigation, including disaster management and better solid waste management plan, so that immaculate cleanliness can be maintained by civic bodies in their respective cities. Citizen centricity is at the heart of making smart cities a reality. Urban local bodies should develop their smart city plan through rigorous analysis of citizen concern and priorities. It is difficult to define smart city since it concept varies from country to country and in India its connotation changes from city to city. It aims at developing the entire urban eco-system, which is represented by the four pillars of comprehensive development institutional, physical, social and economic infrastructure. In the approach of the smart cities Mission, the objective is to promote cities that provide core infrastructure and give a decent quality of life to its citizens, a clean and sustainable environment, and application of smart solutions. The focus is on sustainable and inclusive development and the idea is to look at compact areas, create a replicable model which will act like a light house to other aspiring cities. This paper focuses on the concept of smart city and also analyses the key performance indicators areas for the development of Udaipur city. It also throws light on the challenges faced by the Rajasthan Government in making Udaipur as a smart city. The methodology adopted in this paper is the collection of data through secondary sources which includes newspaper, internet and books. This paper also highlights the suggestions to overcome the challenges in making Udaipur as a Smart City.
CNN BASED BONE FRACTURE DETECTION FOR MEDICAL IMAGING USING RESNET-50
Authors: Thaarakaraam M Abhijeeth , Reddy M Manideep , Vijayakumar Vaidehi
Published: August 2024

In medical diagnostics, bone fracture detection is critical because quick and precise identification is necessary for efficient treatment and patient care. Conventional approaches frequently have poor accuracy, complicated interfaces, and little user participation. This paper presents a bone fracture detection scheme with GUI-based application that uses Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) to identify bone fractures, focusing the ResNet-50 architecture. This proposed technique provides real-time prediction feedback, an easy-to-use image upload interface, and automated result storage, addressing the drawbacks of current systems such as restricted user input and complicated interfaces. The proposed research intends to improve detection efficiency, accuracy, and user experience by comparing ResNet-50 with alternative methods such as AlexNet, VGGNet, and k-means clustering. The proposed method closes the gap between conventional detection techniques and recent CNN technology by achieving fracture recognition with high reliability by utilizing CNN models, specifically ResNet50. Doctors now have a useful and precise technique for detecting bone fractures.
CLOUD-BASED CRYPTO CURRENCY MINING TO MAKE MINING AFFORDABLE TO EVERYONE
Authors: Jain Chandra Prakash , Paneri Dhruv , Rangwani Himanshi , Parihar Garv , Rao Pradhuman Singh
Published: August 2024

The multiplication of cryptographic forms of money has started revenue in elective techniques for obtaining them, especially through mining. Among the different mining systems, cloud-based mining has arisen as a well-known choice because of its openness and possible productivity. This exploration paper means to give an exhaustive assessment of cloud-based cryptographic money mining, including its functional components, monetary practicality, security suggestions, and ecological effect. Through a broad survey of existing writing, this paper blends momentum information on cloud mining, distinguishes key difficulties and amazing open doors, and offers experiences into future examination bearings.
SIGNAL SEEKER: Safeguarding wireless communication with lora tech
Authors: Soni Sujal , Paliwal Mayank , Dangi Rishabh , Trivedi Dharmendra
Published: August 2024

Wireless communication has become essential to daily living in the connected world of today. There is increasing worry about the unlawful use of radio signals and frequencies for activities like unauthorized broadcasting, and interference as a result of the proliferation of devices and networks. Here, the signal seeker, the heart of our project enters the picture to transform signal security. It uses LoRa (Long Range) technology to identify and block unauthorized communications. As a powerful tool for security application, it makes dependable communication over long distances possible, regardless of the location-urban or rural- which makes it perfect option for monitoring and safeguarding large assets, vital infrastructure and public places. We provide urgently needed signal security services to the telecom, military, law enforcement, utilities, and other sectors.
DUAL BAND DUAL CIRCULARLY POLARIZED PATCH ANTENNA FOR KUBAND APPLICATIONS
Authors: S Rajesh kumar , M Manikanda Pandiyan , G Manikandan , M Meiyalagan , R Kavin
Published: August 2024

This project also aims at integrating the concept of high directivity in Dual switching. Eight directive antennas are arranged in a fan shaped structure. Using appropriate switching arrangement, single or multiple Duals can be switched in the azimuthal plane. The structure is then modified into an umbrella shape by arranging eight directive antennas at the base of a cylindrical support. This arrangement helps in tilting the Dual band in the elevation plane, which is suitable for base station antenna applications. Stacking of more number of elements can further improve directivity and gain. Thus optimal coverage can be obtained with overlapping radiation patterns of high directivity. This paper designs two new dual- frequency microstrip antennas with the use of electromagnetic simulation software- High Frequency Structure Simulation (MATLAB). The two antennas adopt ordinary FR4material as a dielectric substrate, with the advantages of low cost and small size. The first antenna adopts microstrip line feeding, and the antenna radiation patch is composed of a folded T-shaped radiating dipole which reduces the antenna size, and two symmetrical rectangular patches located on both sides of the T-shaped radiating patch. The second antenna is a microstrip patch antenna fed by coaxial line, and the size of the antenna is diminished by opening a stepped groove on the two edges of the patch and a folded slot inside the patch. Keywords: Dual Band Dual Circularly Polarized Patch Antenna for Ku-band Applications
PENERAPAN BALOK BERTULANGAN TUNGGAL PADA RING BALK UNTUK MENEKAN BIAYA KONSTRUKSI (Studi Kasus : Pembangunan Gedung Kantor DENMA)
Authors: Milleandra Madani Ananda Putera Novian , Abdi Fachriza Noor , Haryanto Budi
Published: August 2024

Balok merupakan elemen struktur penting yang menahan beban secara horizontal. Terdapat dua jenis balok berdasarkan formasi penulangannya yakni balok bertulangan tunggal dan balok bertulangan rangkap. Balok bertulangan rangkap banyak digunakan masyarakat karena dianggap lebih kuat karena banyaknya tulangan di dalamnya. Namun pada dasarnya penggunaan tulangan rangkap menimbulkan biaya yang besar padahal dalam keadaaan-keadaan tertentu bisa digunakan tulangan tunggal agar biaya lebih murah sehingga dapat menekan biaya konstruksi. Studi kasus penelitian ini adalah Proyek Pembangunan Gedung Kantor DENMA (Detasemen Markas Besar Tentara Nasional Indonesia) yang penelitiannya berfokus pada ring balk saja karena beban yang diterima oleh elemen struktur tersebut tidak besar. Penelitian dimulai dengan mencari data yang diperlukan yakni data beban, data biaya, dan data ukuran yang diperoleh dari data proyek tersebut dan literatur yang ada. Data kemudian diolah sehingga diperoleh nilai kuat nominal apabila balok ring balk diubah  menjadi bertulangan tunggal serta nilai kuat perlu. Nilai kuat nominal dan nilai kuat perlu tersebut dibandingkan dan diperoleh hasil balok bertulangan tunggal dapat dipasang pada ring balk Proyek Pembangunan Gedung Kantor DENMA apabila nilai kuat nominal lebih besar dibandingkan nilai kuat perlunya. Hasil dari penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa secara teoritis balok bertulangan tunggal dapat dipasang pada ring balk proyek studi kasus, namun terkendala di bagian teknis lapangan. Hal ini disebabkan momen negatif yang mengakibatkan pemasangan tulangan banyak terputus sehingga dibutuhkan banyak potongan tulangan. Pemasangan pula perlu diawasi dengan ketat karena harus sesuai dengan diagram momennya. Desain balok bertulangan tunggal memiliki biaya yang lebih murah dibandingkan balok di lapangan yakni sebesar Rp. 60.458.159,- sedangkan biaya balok lapangan adalah 71.135.579, selisih dengan biaya balok di lapangan adalah sebesar Rp.10.677.420,- sehingga didapat penekanan biaya sebesar 15 %.
ANALISIS dan PERBAIKAN STABILITAS LERENG dengan PERKUATAN (Studi Kasus : Ruas Jalan Poros Sangatta – Rantau Pulung, Kab. Kutai Timur)
Authors: Fajarini Annisa Vidia , Sutanto Heri , Budiman Ery
Published: August 2024

Ruas jalan poros Sangatta – Rantau Pulung berada pada kondisi topografi berupa perbukitan dan lembah yang mengakibatkan beberapa segmen ruas jalan harus berada pada lereng. Dengan adanya faktor internal dan eksternal, terutama hujan dan aliran air tanah yang membuat tanah pada lereng kehilangan kestabilan dan kemampuan menahan geseran sehingga terjadi longsoran. Sehingga beberapa segmen jalan mengalami kerusakan akibat kelongsoran yang terjadi telah mengikis sebagian badan jalan dan mengganggu arus lalu lintas. Sebagai upaya dalam mengatasi kemungkinan longsoran susulan pada lereng yang ada di badan jalan dan menanggulangi lereng yang sudah longsor. Maka perlu untuk mengetahui nilai angka keamanan dengan perkuatan lereng menggunakan geogrid dan perkuatan dengan dinding MSE. Analisis dalam penelitian ini dilakukan dalam 3 jenis permodelan yaitu permodelan kondisi eksisting, permodelan lereng dengan perkuatan geogrid dan permodelan dengan perkuatan dinding MSE. Analisis dilakukan dengan menerapkan 4 kondisi pada setiap permodelan. Analisis stabilitas lereng dilakukan dengan dua metode yaitu analisis dengan perhitungan manual untuk kondisi dengan perkuatan dan dengan Midas GTS NX. Dari hasil analisa menunjukkan bahwa pada kondisi eksisting, lereng dalam kondisi tidak aman. Dengan nilai angka keamanan sebesar 1,0 pada kondisi semua beban diterapkan dan tidak memenuhi angka keamanan yang diizinkan. Pada kondisi yang sama dengan perkuatan geogrid angka keamanan meningkat menjadi 1,42 untuk perkerasan lentur. Pada kondisi dengan perkuatan dinding MSE untuk perkerasan lentur angka keamanan menjadi 1,4. Dalam perhitungan kondisi dengan perkuatan geogrid dan dinding MSE didapatkan semua perhitungan angka keamanan yang dicapai melebihi angka keamanan yang diizinkan yaitu 1,2.
EVALUASI TARIF BERDASARKAN BIAYA OPERASIONAL KENDARAAN (BOK) PADA ANGKUTAN UMUM TRAYEK G1 DI KOTA SAMARINDA
Authors: Humaira Nadia , E. Simangunsong Johannes , Simbolon Ruminsar
Published: August 2024

Kota Samarinda memiliki pengguna kendaraan bermotor dan mobil sebanyak 811.194 kendaraan pada tahun 2018 dan pada tahun 2019 sebanyak 906.032 kendaraan (Badan Pusat Statistik Kota Samarinda, 2021). Peningkatan jumlah penggunaan kendaraan dari tahun ke tahun akan berdampak pada kondisi jalan raya, dimana akan terjadi kemacetan. Salah satu solusi untuk mengurangi tingkat kemacetan adalah dengan beralih dari penggunaan kendaraan pribadi ke penggunaan angkutan umum. Penggunaan angkutan umum dapat mengurangi tingginya volume kendaraan di jalan raya dikarenakan mampu membawa banyak penumpang dan mengangkut banyak barang secara bersamaan sehingga lebih efisien terutama bagi masyarakat yang tergolong dalam kelompok captive atau kelompok yang bergantung pada angkutan umum karena tidak memiliki pilihan untuk menentukan kendaraan yang akan digunakan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi tarif yang sesuai dengan Biaya Operasional Kendaraan (BOK).Pada penelitian ini digunakan 3 metode survei untuk pengambilan data yaitu survei statis, survei dinamis dan wawancara. Survei statis yaitu survei yang dilakukan dengan mencatat plat kendaraan untuk mengetahui jumlah kendaraan yang beroperasi, sedangkan survei dinamis dilakukan dengan cara mengikuti kendaraan sehingga dapat mengetahui waktu perjalanan dan jumlah penumpang naik dan turun di dalam kendaraan. Metode wawancara dilakukan kepada operator angkutan umum untuk mengetahui biaya yang dikeluarkan untuk mengoperasikan angkutan umum. Data hasil wawancara tersebut kemudian dihitung dan dianalisis berdasarkan Biaya Operasional Kendaraan (BOK).Hasil dari analisis perhitungan tarif diperoleh biaya pokok sebesar Rp 3.790,24/ kendaraan-km dan diperoleh tarif berdasarkan Biaya Operasional Kendaraan (BOK) sebesar Rp 8.800,00/ penumpang.
ANALISIS KINERJA SIMPANG TAK BERSINYAL JL. K. H. WAHID HASYIM II – JL. PADAT KARYA, SAMARINDA, KALIMANTAN TIMUR
Authors: Setyaningrum Alviasa Ade , P. Arifin Triana Sharly , Jamal Mardewi
Published: August 2024

Simpang merupakan daerah terjadinya konflik yang dapat menimbulkan kemacetan. Salah satu simpangdi Kota Samarinda yang sering mengalami kemacetan adalah simpang tiga Jl. K. H. Wahid Hasyim II – Jl. PadatKarya. Simpang ini merupakan simpang tiga tak bersinyal yang cukup padat karena berada dekat dengan kawasanpemukiman, pertokoan, dan sekolah. Selain itu, pada bahu jalan sepanjang lengan digunakan sebagai lahan parkir.Analisis kinerja simpang dilakukan menggunakan MKJI 1997 dan program PTV Vissim. Hasil analisiskondisi eksisiting simpang menggunakan MKJI 1997 diperoleh nilai derajat kejenuhan sebesar 1,44, dan tundaansimpang sebesar 71,38 detik/smp dengan tingkat pelayanan F. Selanjutnya dilakukan simulasi dengan PTVVissim. Penyesuaian terhadap model simulasi dengan kondisi lapangan dengan cara kalibrasi, validasi modelsimpang secara trial dan error, mempertimbangkan perilaku pengemudi, serta melakukan uji GEH dan uji MAPEterhadap volume kendaraan. Hasil analisis menggunakan PTV Vissim diperoleh nilai tundaan simpang sebesar44,4167 detik/kendaraan dengan tingkat pelayanan simpang E.Berdasarkan analisis tersebut, untuk mengatasi permasalahan pada simpang tersebut diambil solusipenanganan dengan merencanakan simpang bersinyal. Perencanaan simpang bersinyal diberikan denganpengaturan 2 fase dan 3 fase dengan menggunakan MKJI 1997 dan dilakukan simulasi dengan program PTVVissim. Hasil analisis alternatif simpang yang paling baik yaitu simpang dengan 3 fase karena menghasilkan DSrata-rata simpang sebesar 0,785, tundaan simpang sebesar 32,81 detik/smp dan tingkat pelayanan D, D, dan Dpada masing-masing pendekat. Hasil analisis menggunakan PTV Vissim diperoleh nilai tundaan simpang sebesar36,89 detik/kendaraan dengan tingkat pelayanan simpang D.
Kinerja Ruas Jalan Perkotaan di Jalan Ir. H. Juanda di Kota Samarinda Kalimantan Timur
Authors: P. Arifin Triana Sharly , Jamal Mardewi , Fajar Muhammad Sulthan
Published: August 2024

Ruas Jalan Ir.H Juanda , Kota Samarinda sering terjadi kepadatan lalu lintas pada jam-jamsibuk, khususnya di sekitar Ir.H Juanda arah simpang empat menuju Jalan Suryanata , JalanPangeran Antasari dan Jalan MT.Haryono yaitu kendaraan dari Jalan Ir.H Juanda menujusimpang 4 mengalami kemacetan, selain itu cukup banyak kendaraan yang melambat akibataktifitas sekolah sehingga menambah titik konflik yang mengakibatkan kinerja ruas Jalan Ir.HJuanda tergangguHasil analisis kinerja ruas Jalan Ir.H Juanda menggunakan MKJI 1997 diperoleh nilai derajatkejenuhan pada ruas jalan pada segmen jalan yang ditentukan tinggi yaitu 0,75, nilai derajatkejenuhan tersebut telah mencapai titik D dengan parameter 0,75- 0.84. maka tingkatpelayanan jalan pada jalan Ir.H Juanda adalah D dengan Arus mendekati tidak Stabil, Kecepatanmasih dikendalikan arus lalu lintas , kecepatan kadang terhentiAlternatif perbaikan yang direkomendasikan yaitu pelebaran Jalan dan pelebaran kereb padajalan Ir.H Juanda. perubahan membuat tingkat pelayanan ruas jalan pada segmen jalan menjadiC dengan DS 0,66 dan karakteristik arus stabil tetapi kecepatan dan gerak kendaraan dibatasioleh keadaan lalu lintas, pengmudi dibatasi dalam memilih kecepatan. Nilai derajat kejenuhanturun dari keadaan eksisting sebelumnya yaitu 0,75
Evaluation of the pandemic biosafety protocol in a dental teaching clinic from the patient's perspective
Authors: Segato Ana Paula Zerek Santos , Rodrigues Ádelin Olivia Lopes Joly , Rosa Saulo Vinicius da , Paula Isabela Cristina Santos Freire de , Santos Caroline Souza dos , Carneiro Everdan , Werneck Renata Iani , Orsi Juliana Schaia Rocha
Published: August 2024

This study aimed to assess whether patients feel safe or anxious when receiving dental care at a teaching clinic; the study was carried out from the perspective of patients, given the biosafety protocol during the 2019 Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. This cross-sectional study was carried out with 217 patients assisted by students in the Dental Clinic of the Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect sociodemographic data, humanization and the safety protocols followed during care. Multivariate analysis was performed using Poisson regression (PR), and p values ≤0.05 were understood. Around 90% of patients reported that students were attentive, communicative, welcoming and confident during treatment about the risk of contracting COVID-19 during care. Patients who showed anxiety during treatment were 32.2%. Some patients were unable to keep their distance in the waiting room (PR 3.439) and did not feel safe during the appointment (PR 2.64) had a higher prevalence of anxiety during dental care. Anxiety about care was associated with the individual's color or ethnicity, ability to maintain social distancing in the waiting room, and feeling safe when receiving care.
An Integrated Framework for Actionable Flood Warnings on Road Structures Using High Resolution Satellite Imagery
Authors: Li Zhouyayan , Demiray Bekir Zahit , Muste Marian , Demir Ibrahim
Published: August 2024

Floods rank among the most devastating natural hazards globally. Unlike many other natural calamities, floods typically occur in densely populated regions, resulting in immediate and long-term adverse impacts on communities, including fatalities, injuries, health risks, and significant economic and environmental losses annually. Traditional flood models, while useful, are constrained by simplifying assumptions, numerical approximations, and a lack of sufficient data for accurate simulations. Recent advancements in data-efficient Digital Elevation Model (DEM) and Digital Terrain Model (DTM) based flood models show promise in overcoming some of these limitations. However, these models' reliance on DEM or DTM data renders them sensitive to the dynamic nature of the Earth's surface. This study investigates the effectiveness of remote sensing imagery for flood inundation mapping, focusing on the role of high-resolution commercial optical PlanetScope images in data-limited scenarios. To address early-stage reflectance issues attributed to the lack of on-board calibration in PlanetScope constellations, we introduced a novel post-processing workflow, the Quantile-based Filling and Refining (QFR). Our results indicate that the initial flood extent maps produced using the widely adopted Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI) were inferior to manual delineations and comparable to those generated using only the Near-Infrared (NIR) band, which also suffers from reflectance flaws. However, flood maps generated using NIR band data processed with the QFR significantly outperformed manual delineations. This research demonstrates the potential of commercial remote sensing imagery for precise flood inundation mapping, particularly at smaller scales, such as urban areas. Additionally, it underscores the QFR post-processing workflow's effectiveness in enhancing prediction accuracy, offering a streamlined and scalable method for improving flood modeling outcomes.
Eye-Tracking-Based Hidden Markov Modeling for Revealing Within-Item Cognitive Strategy Switching
Authors: wangzhimou  , Zhan Peida
Published: August 2024

Identifying cognitive strategies in problem-solving helps researchers understand advanced cognitive processes and the contexts in which each strategy is applicable. Current methods typically identify strategies for each item, allowing only for the observation of between-item cognitive strategy switching (CSS). Although within-item CSS is recognized, methods to dynamically identify and reveal it are lacking. This study introduces the concept of an eye movement snippet, a basic unit for studying within-item CSS, along with a new eye-tracking process measure that quantifies the sequence length of alternatives viewed in a snippet. Combined with hidden Markov modeling, we propose a new method for dynamically identifying within-item cognitive strategies and revealing their switching. Using eye-tracking data from a matrix reasoning test, we demonstrate the value of proposed method through a series of analyses. The results indicate that during problem-solving: (1) participants predominantly used two strategies—constructive matching and response elimination; (2) there is a high probability of switching from constructive matching to response elimination, but not vice versa; (3) more difficult items lead to more frequent strategy switching; (4) frequent strategy switching decreases time spent in the matrix area and on problem-solving planning; (5) frequent strategy switching correlates with incorrect answers for some items; and (6) frequent strategy switching increases total response time. Additionally, within-item CSS showed three distinct patterns as the test progressed, with significant differences in participants' intelligence levels and total test time among the patterns. Overall, the proposed method effectively identifies within-item cognitive strategies and their switching in matrix reasoning tasks.
Political violence and citizenship revocation in the United Kingdom
Authors: Hill Steve
Published: August 2024

This paper analyses citizenship revocation in the United Kingdom. There is not an overarching UK policy entitled citizenship revocation, rather, the UK’s stance has developed over time and is codified in nationality, immigration and asylum legislation which spans from 1914 until the present day. This paper will outline the historical context of citizenship revocation development; how, following terrorist atrocities and subsequent political rhetoric, securitisation of citizenship has evolved; and I introduce an innovative although contentious argument in support of citizenship revocation.
‘Ethnicity is not a Physiological Moment’: German Minority Elite’s Constructivist Perceptions of Ethnicity in Interwar Estonia
Authors: Tark Triin
Published: August 2024

The emergence of nation-states in Central and Eastern Europe at the beginning of the 20th century created the need to manage ethnic diversity and issues with drawing boundaries between ethnic communities. This resulted in the minority activism, aimed not only at protecting the interests of minorities, but also at ensuring their survival. This article focusses on the latter aspect. The article shows that research on country-level minority activism helps better understand majority-minority relations and their impact on the society by analysing the example of interwar Estonia. The German minority elite’s perceptions of ethnicity will be discussed, based on the documentation reflecting the inclusion policy of the German Cultural SelfGovernment, the autonomous institutional body of the German minority in Estonia. The article demonstrates the remarkably constructivist views of the German minority elite and explains their genesis and background. It will be argued that first, German elite’s constructivist perceptions had historical roots; second, the elite needed to be pragmatically open rather than primordially protectionist for their dwindling community to survive; and third, they had no reason for protectionism stemming from the fear of malicious infiltration of members of other ethnic groups. Since such an open inclusion policy turned out to be relatively successful, itcan be concluded that the German minority, which formed the ruling elite in Estonia earlier centuries, continued to be attractive, and this, in turn, caused significant social tensions, making the Estonians, now being in a dominant position and in the numerical majority, doubt their own survival. The results of this article ultimately highlight the relevance of instrumentalisation of ethnic ambiguities in forming minority activism and drawing boundaries between majority and minorities.
The Emergence of Producer-Audience Worlds
Authors: Negro Giacomo , Hannan Michael
Published: August 2024

This article proposes a cognitive sociological account of the emergence of social worlds that coordinate producers and audiences. The proposed model considers the emergence process in three stages. The first stage concerns the arrival of new labeled clusters of producers and objects. The second involves the conceptualization of the labeled clusters within high-energy social scenes. The final stage occurs with widespread taken for grantedness of the concept at the center of the scene. The article discusses the role of social structure in these stages and defines the emergence process in terms of hazards, the event rates of each stage, which can be modeled in empirical analysis. The proposed account can explain the emergence of worlds in a variety of social contexts, including genres in creative industries, disciplines in science, and forms of social protest.
From Cultural Displacement to Communal Erasure: Illuminating Gentrification as a Threat to Safety Beyond Gentrifying Neighborhoods in a Mid-sized Chocolate City
Authors: Lewis Demar F.
Published: August 2024

Scholars have paid minimal attention to the impact of gentrification on Black Americans’ perceptions of safety beyond gentrifying neighborhoods. This article introduces “safety reimagination” as a way of documenting how conceptions of safety encompass multiple harms that include–but are not limited to–protections from crime and violence. Leveraging insights generated from 83 interviews with Black adults from diverse educational backgrounds and neighborhoods of residence in Cincinnati, OH, I show that Black Cincinnatians in my sample view gentrification as a threat to their personal and communal safety in three domains: (1) within gentrifying neighborhoods, (2) in non-gentrifying neighborhoods, and (3) across the city of Cincinnati. Not only do participants find that gentrification contributes to their displacement and alienation from gentrifying areas, but it also contributes to the City of Cincinnati’s active deprioritization of the safety concerns of non-gentrifying neighborhoods, anti-Blackness, and city-wide Black communal erasure.
Public attitudes and values regarding a semi-urban feral megaherbivore
Authors: Yang Danhe , Bhattacharjee Debottam , Flay Kate J. , Wang Yifu , Mumby Hannah S. , McElligott Alan G.
Published: August 2024

1. Anthropogenic land use has transformed habitats globally, leading to human-wildlife co-habitations that present challenges and opportunities for coexistence. This coexistence is contingent on the nature and frequency of human-animal interactions (HAI) that are primarily shaped by public attitudes and values.2. We designed a questionnaire using the Wildlife Attitudes and Values (WAVS) and Wildlife Value Orientation (WVO) frameworks to investigate public attitudes and values to a feral megaherbivore, the water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis), living in and around the South Lantau region of Hong Kong. We collected 657 questionnaire responses (online = 550, in-person =107) and additional comments from 56 respondents who completed their questionnaire in person.3. We conducted a principal component analysis using the questionnaire responses related to WAVS and WVO. Three key dimensions were found: Buffalo Appreciation, Social Benefits, and Tolerance, which accounted for 67.63% of the variance in the data. We conducted a thematic analysis of the additional comments to further explore how these dimensions contextualise public attitudes and values to buffalo.4. Based on 472 responses where all demographic data (self-reported gender, age, district of residence, residency of South Lantau, ethnicity, education level, and place of birth) were available, we conducted logistic regression analyses to investigate the effects of these demographic characteristics on Buffalo Appreciation, Social Benefits, and Tolerance. We found significant associations between gender, district of residence, education level, and place of birth with Buffalo Appreciation, Social Benefits, and Tolerance, implying a complex interplay between public attitudes and values toward a feral animal and their relationships with the natural environment and ecosystem. Fifty-six respondents provided a total of 237 additional comments, highlighting Safety concerns and issues, Emotion and sentiment, and Livelihood impacts as key themes.5. Studying public attitudes and values, such as appreciation for feral buffalo in Hong Kong, potentially points to methods for successful strategies using buffalo as ‘agents’ of conservation. This includes considering social, cultural, and demographic factors for tailored approaches and integrating them into solutions for human-animal interactions facilitating long-term conservation success.
ACCELERATING STUDENTS MATH PROBLEM SOLVING SKILLS USING THINKING ALOUD PAIR PROBLEM SOLVING (TAPPS) ASSISTED WITH QUIZIZZ
Authors: Izzah Safira Nurul , Alifiani Alifiani , Ilmi Yuli Ismi Nahdiyati
Published: August 2024

The purpose of this study was to describe the implementation of Thinking Aloud Pair Problem Solving (TAPPS) assisted with Quizizz in accelerating mathematical problem solving abilities. The subjects of this study were students of class VIII SMP Negeri 13 Malang consisting of 33 students. This classroom action research was carried out in even semesters with repeated cycles until the indicators of action success were met, each cycle consisting of four stages, namely planning, action implementation, observation, and reflection. The research results in cycle I showed that the results of observation of activity were 79%, the results of observations of student activities were 74.5% and the completeness of learning outcomes reached 63.63% so that they did not meet the indicators of success of the action. In cycle II, the results of observing teacher activity increased by 11.75% to 90.75%, the results of observing student activities increased by 14.25% to 88.75% and the completeness of learning outcomes increased by 18.19% to 81.82% . Based on these results, it can be concluded that the Quizizz-assisted Thinking Aloud Pair Problem Solving (TAPPS) learning model can accelerate the math problem solving abilities of class VIII students of SMP Negeri 13 Malang.
ANALYSIS OF MATHEMATICS SUMMATIVE EXAMINATION PROBLEMS IN CLASS VII OF SMP NEGERI 2 NGANTANG USING ANATES
Authors: Kholil Mohamad , Faradiba Surya Sari
Published: August 2024

This study aims to: (1) describe the level of difficulty, discriminatory power, and the effectiveness of distracting items on Year-End Assessment of mathematics using Anates software in class VII SMP Negeri 2 Ngantang, (2) describe the percentage quality of difficulty level, discriminating power, and The effectiveness of the item distractor on Year-End Assessment of mathematics subject using Anates in class VII of SMP Negeri 2 Ngantang. This study uses a qualitative approach. The data source used is a secondary data source. The data collection technique used is documentation. The research data was then analyzed using Anates software. The results showed that overall the items were quite valid, the reliability was high, the average level of difficulty was moderate but not balanced, the proportion of easy to medium difficulty should be 4 â€“ 4 - 4 or 4 - 4 -5 - 3, the discriminating power of all questions was accepted, the distractor was generally effective, only 2 out of 36 or 5.56% that were badly needed to be replaced, while the significance of the items was 7 out of 12 questions or 57.33% significant.
ANALYSIS OF MATHEMATICAL CREATIVE THINKING BASED ON THE SELF-CONFIDENCE OF JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS
Authors: Sabrina Dalila
Published: August 2024

Creative thinking skills were important for students to have to solve math problems appropriately. This article aims to provide an overview of junior high school students ability to think creatively. The images to be studied are related to students' abilities for fluency, flexibility, and originality. The topic in this article is the seventh-grade students of SMP Muhammadiyah Special Program Kottabarat Surakarta, with a total of 16 students who will be categorized based on high, medium, and low self-convidence. The data collection technique used a test in the form of five description questions in the material of rectangular flat building problems and interviews. The method used is the descriptive approach. The data analysis techniques in this article are based on Miles and Huberman, namely data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and verification. The results show that students' creative thinking skills are divided into 3 categories: 6% in the high category, 75% in the medium category, and 19% in the low category. This result shows that students ability to think creatively in solving rectangular flat problems is relatively easy, which means that their capacity to solve rectangular flat problems based on creative thinking steps hasn't been maximized.
STUDENT'S THINKING PROCESS IN SOLVING PROBLEMS IN TERM OF GUARDIAN AND IDEALIST PERSONALITY TYPES
Authors: Islamiah Nur , Lefrida Rita , Nurhayadi Nurhayadi , Rochaminah Sutji
Published: August 2024

This study aims to describe the thought process of students in solving problems in terms of personality types guardian and idealist in class XI SMA Negeri 5 Palu. This research is a qualitative descriptive research. The main instrument in this research is the researcher himself and the supporting instruments are The Keirsey Temperament Sorter (KTS), math problems, and interviews. The results of this study show that guardian students and idealist students are able to perform all stages of the thinking process in solving math problems, namely receiving information, processing information, and forming conclusions. Guardian and idealist students at the stage of receiving information read the problem well. Guardian students read enough once to understand the problem, while idealist students read repeatedly to understand the problem. At the information processing stage, guardian students can explain the problem solving plan while idealist students have difficulty explaining the solution plan. At the conclusion formation stage, guardian students consistently solve the problem according to what was previously planned. idealist students at the conclusion formation stage can solve the problem even though at the information processing stage they cannot explain the solution plan.
PROFILE OF UNDERSTANDING THE CONCEPT OF PYTHAGORAS THEOREM OF CLASS VIII STUDENTS IN TERMS OF COGNITIVE STYLE
Authors: Nita Nita , Alfisyahra Alfisyahra , Lefrida Rita , Pathuddin Pathuddi
Published: August 2024

Students' concept understanding needs to be profiled so that teachers can find out the level of description and understanding of students' mathematical concepts. The purpose of this study was to describe how the understanding of students of SMP Negeri Model Integrated Madani Palu in understanding the concept of pythagorean theorem in terms of cognitive style Field Independent (FI) and Field Dependent (FD). This type of research is descriptive with qualitative approach. The subjects in this study were students of class VIII Kihajar Dewantra SMP Negeri Model Integrated Madani Palu consisting of one student cognitive style Field Independent and one student cognitive style Field Dependent selected based on the results of the GEFT test. The instruments used in this study were GEFT test, concept understanding questions and interview guidelines. The results showed that students with Field Independent cognitive style can solve problems well based on indicators of concept understanding compared to students with Gield Dependent cognitive style. Based on these conditions, in the learning process the teacher should pay attention to the learning model used in learning activities.
CREATIVE THINKING ABILITY IN MATHEMATICS PROBLEM SOLVING IN TERMS OF SELF-REGULATED LEARNING IN LEARNING CREATIVE PROBLEM SOLVING MODEL CONTEXTUAL APPROACH
Authors: Hamid Ellya Masturina , Isnarto Isnarto , Kharisudin Iqbal
Published: August 2024

Creative thinking and problem solving skills are essential in facing the challenges of the 21st century. This study aims to (1) test the effectiveness of the contextual approach CPS model in improving creative thinking skills in mathematics problem solving and (2) describe creative thinking skills in mathematics problem solving in terms of Self Regulated Learning (SRL). This type of research is a mixed method research that combines quantitative and qualitative research methods sequentially. In this study, 6 research subjects were taken based on the level of SRL in class XI students of SMA N 5 Semarang. The results showed that (1) contextual approach CPS learning is effective in improving creative thinking ability in mathematics problem solving, and (2) research subjects with high SRL category were able to fulfill all indicators of creative thinking ability in mathematics problem solving, namely fluency, flexibility and novelty; research subjects with moderate SRL category only fulfilled two indicators of creative thinking ability in mathematics problem solving, namely fluency, and flexibility; research subjects with low SRL category were only able to fulfill the indicator of creative thinking ability in mathematics problem solving, namely fluency.