bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Cooperatif Learning Type Snowball Throwing Model Containing Science Literacy on Students’ Learning Competencies in Human Excretory System Material
Authors: Wulandari Cheni , Yogica Relsas , Hartanto Indra , Syamsurizal S.
Published: August 2021

This research is based on the problems that exist in Batusangkar 1 Junior High School, namely the learning model that is less varied, student learning abilities are still low, teacher-centered learning. The effort that can be done is to apply the snowball throwing learning model with scientific literacy in the material of Excretion System at Batusangkar 1 Junior High School. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the application of the snowball throwing learning model containing scientific literacy on the learning competencies of class VIII students of Batusangkar 1 Junior High School. This study was an experimental study with a randomized posttest control group design. The study population was grade VIII students of SMPN 1Batusangkar in the academic year 2018/2019 which spread to nine classes. The research sample was taken using cluster random sampling. The results were selected class VIII.3 as the experimental class and class VIII.4 as the control class. The hypothesis in this study was tested using the t-test. The results of the study using the t-test can be concluded that the competency of student knowledge about the value of tcount 4.31> ttable 1.67, in the attitude of competency the tcount 5.41> ttable 1.67, and competency skills tcount 3.85> ttable 1.67. This shows that the hypothesis is accepted. So, it can be concluded that the application of the snowball throwing model with scientific literacy can improve the competency of knowledge, attitudes, and skills of class VIII Batusangkar 1 Junior High School.
Effect of Model Problem Solving on Student’s Problem Solving Skills In Climate Change Material Class VII SMPN 34 Padang
Authors: Gustia Rika , Ristiono Ristiono , Zulyusri Zulyusri , Alberida Heffi
Published: August 2021

This research is motivated by the problem of the low skills of problem solving students. In the learning process the teacher rarely trains students problem solving skills and currently Science literacy in Indonesia is low compared to other countries. The results of the preliminary test showed that the average problem solving skills of students was less than 50%. This study aims to look at the effect of the problem solving model on problem solving skills of grade VII students of SMPN 34 Padang. This type of research is a quasi-experimental design with the Control Group Posttest Only Design. The study population was VII grade students of 34 SMPN Padang in the 2018/2019 academic year. The research sample of students in class VII 4 as the experimental class and VII 5 as the control class. Sampling using a porposive sampling technique. Instruments in the form of observation sheets observation of student activities to obtain data problem solving skills, observation sheets to obtain scientific attitude data, question sheets to obtain knowledge data. Based on the results of the students' knowledge competency research, the tcount 2,24> ttable 1,67. The activity of problem solving skills of students in the experimental class is higher than the control class. The conclusion of the study is that the application of the problem solving model has a positive effect on problem solving skills of grade VII students of SMPN 34 Padang.
The Effect of Model Two Stay Two Stray on Student Learnt Competencies on Ecosystem at Senior High School 4 Pariaman
Authors: Oktari Nengsih , Ristiono Ristiono , Zulyusri Zulyusri , Alberida Heffi
Published: August 2021

This research aims to find out the effect of Two Stay Two stray  model towards students' learning competencies, which still below from the average and  there have no learning process that pursue the students  to be active and creative until the students can increase their learning competencies; knowledge, attitude and skill  in learning process. The research was quasi-experimental reserach with control  group post-test only design. The population of this research was X IPA grade students that devided into five classes at SMAN 4 Pariaman in academic year 2018/2019. The sample was taken by purposive sampling technique which grade  X IPA3 as the experimental group and grade X IPA1 as the control group. The result of this research showed  the average score for grade X IPA3 was (75,43) for experimental group and  (67,57) for control group in students' learning competencies. Then for  behavioural competence the  average score in experimental group was (84,21) and the control group reached (81,86) which the data was distributed normally and variant homogeneously. In hyphotesis testing was found by the formula tcount> ttable, learning competency (3,15 > 1,67), behavioural competency (1,76 > 1,67).  Based on the result of the study, it can be concluded that the Two Stay Two Stray model give positive effect for the students' learning competencies in ecosystem at SMAN 4 Pariaman.
The Influence of Thinking Aloud Pair Problem Solving (TAPPS) Learning Model Charged Science Literacy on Students Learning Competencies in the Material of Human Reproductive System at SMAN 1 Enam Lingkung
Authors: Maghvira Intan , Yogica Relsas , Selaras Ganda Hijrah , Syamsurizal Syamsurizal
Published: August 2021

The Problem of the research at SMAN 1 Enam Lingkung was that the Biology learning process is less varied and teacher-centered, students were unable to solve problems in learning, low learning competencies of students from aspects of knowledge, attitudes, and skills,and low science literacy abilities of students. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of applying thinking aloud pair problem solving learning model with science literacy on students learning competencies in human reproductive system material at SMAN 1 Enam Lingkung.This type of research is an experiment with a randomized control group post-only only design. The population was all class XI of SMAN 1 Enam Lingkung which were registered in the 2018/2019.Sampling was done using cluster random sampling, and the chosen sample was the XI MIPA 2 class as the experimental class, and the XI MIPA 1 class as the control class. The instruments used were in the form of posttest questions for knowledge competency, observation sheets for attitude and skill competencies. Based on the results of the knowledge competency research, the tcount was 5.14> ttable 1.67, the competency attitude was tcount of 15.12> ttable 1.67, and in the competency of skills tcount was 9.45> t table 1.67. This is an aceppted hypothesis. It was concluded that the model thinking aloud pair problems solving with sains literacy improve the competencies of knewledge, attitude, and skills in the material of the human reproductive system at SMAN 1 Enam Lingkung.
The Effect of Model Problem Solving on Students' Science Process Skills Class VIII SMPN 34 Padang
Authors: Delita Riza Elpia , Fitri Rahmadhani , Handayani Dezi , Alberida Heffi
Published: August 2021

The problem of research at SMPN 34 Padang is the low level of Science Process Skills of students from the results of previous observations by carrying out tests conducted in class VII SMPN 34 Padang, showing the average science process skills of students is less than 50%. This study aims to look at the effect of the Problem Solving Model on Science Process Skills in Grade VIII students of SMPN 34 Padang. In Indonesia science process skills is very minimal, because in the learning process the teacher still tends to use the lecture model and question and answer method, so the science process skills is not given to students. This type of research is quasi-experimental with research design Control Group Postest Only Design. The population in this study were eighth grade students of SMPN 34 Padang in the academic year 2018/2019. The samples from this study were class VIII6 as the experimental class and VIII7 as the control class. The research instrument used to view the science process skills of students is the Observation Sheet for Student Activities observed by the observer. Based on the results of research on the knowledge competencies of students, the tcount 4.96> t table 1.67 The Science Process Skills Activity of students in the experimental class was higher than the control class. The conclusion of the study was that the application of the Problem Solving Model had a positive effect on the Science Process Skills of Grade VIII students of SMPN 34 Padang.
Relation of Students’ Perceptions towards Teacher’s Learning Strategies with Biology Learning Cognitive Competencies of Grade X Students at SMAN 3 Pariaman
Authors: Khairani Imelda , Yogica Relsas , Fuadiyah Sa'diatul , Lufri Lufri
Published: August 2021

This research was a descriptive research that aims at investigating how the level of students’ perceptions towards teacher’s learning strategies with Biology learning competencies of Grade X Students at SMAN 3 Pariaman. This study was conducted by distributing perception questionnaires of teacher’s learning strategies. The questionnaire consisted of 20 statements. It has been validated by a Biology Lecturer of UNP and a Biology Teacher who teach in SMAN 3 Pariaman. Data analysis of this study used calculation of score distribution and correlation analysis which can be used as descriptive analysis. Based on the findings, the result found that the students’ perceptions level towards teacher learning strategies was classified in a good category with percentage 83% , while the data of learning competencies was in a good category, that was 65.59, and there was a positive relation of perception towards teacher learning strategies and Biology learning cognitive competencies of students in SMAN 3 Pariaman. Relation of students’ perceptions towards teacher learning strategies with students’ competencies in learning biology was very weak with percentage 4.0%.
Effect of Biology Module with Scientific Approach Equipped with a Glossary in Discovery Learning models Against Learning Competencies of Class X Students of SMAN 1 Pariaman
Authors: Mar'i Husnul , Ristiono Ristiono , Rahmi Yosi Laila , Ahda Yuni
Published: August 2021

This study is based on the problems that exist in SMAN 1 Pariaman, namely: textbooks that are used have not involved students playing an active role in learning, the learning model that is applied is still monotonous, student notebooks are incomplete and textbooks used in schools are not yet available examples -example/images according to the demands of Basic Competence to clarify the material description. Efforts can be made is the application of biological modules with a scientific approach equipped with a glossary in discovery learning models on the competencies of students in Class X of SMAN 1 Pariaman.The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of biological modules with a scientific approach equipped with a glossary in discovery learning models on the competencies of students in Class X of SMAN 1 Pariaman. This study was a quasi-experimental study with a randomized posttest control group design. The study population was tenth-grade students of SMAN 1 Pariaman 2018/2019 academic year consisting of seven classes. The research sample was taken using a purposive sampling technique, the results of which were selected Class X MIPA 2 as the experimental class and Class X MIPA 3 as the control class.The results of data analysis found that the knowledge competency data was normal and not homogeneous, competency data on attitudes, and homogeneous and normal student skills. Hypothesis test results are known that knowledge competencies (7.06>1.67), attitude competence (0.76<1.67), and skill competencies (0.925<1.67), so it can be concluded that the biological module with a scientific approach is equipped The glossary in discovery learning  models has a positive influence on students 'knowledge competencies but does not have a positive influence on the competency of students' attitudes and skills at SMAN 1 Pariaman.
An Analysis of High Order Thinking Skills Aspects on the Assessment Instruments in Ecosyst Topic for the 10th Grade Senior High School Students
Authors: S Anisha , Hartanto Indra , Ahda Yuni , Darussyamsu Rahmawati
Published: August 2021

This research is an description  research which aims to see the influence of higher order thinking skills in biological learning  at SMAN 1 Nan Sabaris. Higher order thinking skills are essential for student future. The future demands the existence of an evoluation instrument to train student higher order thingking, not only the thinking skill in the lower cognitive domain, but also in a higher domain. One of the efforts to enhance higher order thinking skills is to engage studenta with the question integrade by cognitive C4-C6. The research analysed aspect of higher order thinking in an evaluation instrument. Evaluatio9n instrument used by teachers at schools are still in the C1-C4 cognitive level (C1 17%, C2 35%, C3 26%, C4 22%), the evaluation instrument are not eligible according to the standart applied. The low cognitive level obtained in the evaluation instrument used by the teachers is the reason of the low thinking level of the student.    Higher Order Thinking Skills, Evaluation Instrument
The Effect of the Assignment to Make a Mind Map Before the Implementation of Discovery Learning on the Knowledge Competencies of Class VII SMPN 2 Lubuk Alung
Authors: Putri Puput , Helendra Helendra , Selaras Ganda Hijrah , Ardi Ardi
Published: August 2021

The research is based on the problems that exist in SMPN 2 Lubuk Alung, the students’ Cognitive competency are still low. One of the efforts that is done to increase students’ Cognitive competency is to apply  the assigment to make a mind map before is applied the discovery learning on students VII grade learning competencies at SMPN 2 Lubuk Alung. This research  used a randomized control group-only design. The population is all student of class VII SMPN 2 Lubuk Alung registered in 2018/2019. Sampel was taken by using purposive sampling  technique and getting VII.1 as the eksperimen class, VII.2 as the control class. The hypothesis was tested using the t-test, can be concluded that the competence of learners knowledge tcount2,52>ttabel1,67. This shows that the hypothesis is accepted. it can be concluded that the assignment create a mind map before applying the discovery learning gives positive effect on students knowledge competencies the VII grade at SMPN 2 Lubuk Alung Keywords: Mind Map, Discovery Learning, Cognitive Competency
Multiple Intelligences of Students in SMAN 1 V Koto Kampung Dalam Padang Pariaman
Authors: Putra Rizki Rahman , Fitri Rahmadhani , Hartanto Indra , Selaras Ganda Hijrah
Published: August 2021

Multiple Intelligences (MI) is a theory about intelligence that was triggered by Dr. Howard Gardner, a figure in education and psychology. Multiple Intelligences consist of linguistic intelligence, logic-mathematical intelligence, visual-spatial intelligence, gesture intelligence, musical intelligence, interpersonal intelligence, intrapersonal intelligence, naturalist intelligence. Everyone has MI at different levels. Therefore, each teacher should be able to understand the intelligence and abilities of each student well, this is because the conditions of students in the class are different and have different levels of intelligence. This is in accordance with the role of the teacher as a motivator, facilitator, and director. Many benefits can be obtained by knowing the level of MI of students, both for schools and for students themselves. some of the benefits of MI for students and schools, for students if the MI level is known it can increase their self-confidence and help students to choose majors. For schools the level of MI that students have can help teachers focus more on the learning process, helping to group students, can approach students according to the type of intelligence they have. In addition, by knowing the level of MI of students, teachers can develop optimally the potential that exists in students and can choose the right strategy in the learning process. From the results of observations at SMAN 1 V Koto Kampung Dalam Padang Pariaman it can be seen that there is no meaningful relationship between the MI overall and MI partially with the learning outcomes
Effect of Application of Discovery Learning Model Assisted by Mind Map Against Competence Learning Learners in Junior High School 28 Padang
Authors: Febritama Siska , Rahmawati D. Rahmawati D. , Farma Siska Alicia , Helendra Helendra
Published: August 2021

The results of the achievement of science learning competencies at junior high School 28 Padang are still low because the learning process is still teacher-centered, and the teacher still uses the lecture method. Students tend to be passive in the learning process. One way that is used to motivate and activate students in a pleasant atmosphere is to apply mind map assisted discovery learning models.This type of research is quasi-experimental research with the design of randomized control-group posttest only design. The population of this study was all VII grade students of SMP 28 Padang who were enrolled in the 2018/2019 Academic Year. Sampling is done by purposive sampling technique. so Class VII2 was chosen as the experimental class and class VII1 as the control class. The research data includes learning outcomes from three domains, namely cognitive, affective and psychomotor. The research instruments were in the form of learning outcomes tests, affective domain observation formats and psychomotor assessment sheets. The data obtained were analyzed using the t-test. T test is obtained t count>table which is 4.66> 1.66 in knowledge competency, 2.76> 1.66 in attitude competency, and 3.62> 1.66, in skill competency. Thus it can be concluded that by implementing mind map assisted discovery learning models, it has a positive effect on students' learning competencies in junior high school 28 Padang
Validity of Booklet on Pattern of Inheritance in the Law of the Minister as a Genetic Learning Suplement in High School
Authors: Octiana Neli , Syamsurizal Syamsurizal , Darussyamsu Rahmawati , Yogica Relsas
Published: August 2021

The learning process is an interaction between teachers and students in transferring and interpreting experiences and knowledge they have in a new format. The process of transfer and interpretation of biology learning runs optimally supported by learning supplements. Learning media consists of LKS (student worksheet) and printed books based on Curriculum 2013 are available schools, but learning suplements are still rarely used in schools. This research is a development research that uses the Plomp model which consists of initial investigation phase (preliminary research), development of protitpe phase (development or prototyping phase), and assessment phase. Data are analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. In the booklet development phase validated by 3 evaluators. In assesment booklets phase a practical test was conducted by 1 teacher and 30 students of the XII Adabiah Padang class. From the results of expert review (validation), the validity value of 93.13% was obtained with very valid criteria. The results of the practicality test by the teacher show that the booklet has a value of 93.06% practicality and 93.80% by students with very practical criteria. The booklet developed has very valid criteria and is very practical.
IMPLEMENTATION OF THINKING ALOUD PAIR PROBLEM SOLVING MODEL WITH MIND MAP TO INCREASE STUDENT’S ACTIVITIES AND THEIR LEARNING OUTCOME
Authors: Ketaren Evilidia
Published: August 2021

This research was based on the problem that occur in SMAN 1 Lembah Melintang where the method of learning that applied with the usual discussion method lack influence on learning competencies of students in learning biology. Therefore, researches apply giving homework by making mind map task before cooperative learning with Thinking Aloud Pair Problem Solving type that aims to improve student learning competency through activities and learning outcomes at XII grade of SMAN 1 Lembah Melintang. Sample of this study was taken from XII IPA3 class because compared to other class of XII IPA, the activity and learning achievement were lowest. This research was conducted in two cycles in which each cycle consisted of planning, acting, observing and reflecting. Based on the results of the researcher’s observation on student’s learning activities of eight indicators from the first cycle to the second cycle, there was an improvement on the number of student’s activities in the first cycle were in good category and the second cycle, were in very good category. Student’s learning achievement improved from 57,94% in the first cycle into 85,29% in the second cycle. Based on the result of the research, the researcher concluded that the use cooperative learning Thinking Aloud Pair Problem Solving assisted with mind map task, can improve student’s activities and ther learning achievement as well at XII IPA3 class in SMAN 1 Lembah Melintang.
INFLUENCE OF GIVING QUESTION AND GETTING ANSWER AS AN ACTIVE LEARNING MODEL CONTAINED SCIENCE LITERACY TO STUDENT LEARNING COMPETENCIES IN VIRUS MATERIAL SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
Authors: Sastra Elsa , Yogica Relsas , D Rahmawati , Syamsurizal Syamsurizal
Published: August 2021

Research on the problems that exist in Adabiah Padang Senior High School, student learning competencies are still low. The effort that can be done is to apply the active learning model giving questioan and getting answer type with literacy content of SMAN Adabiah Padang. The purpose of this study was to study learning through an active model of giving questioan and getting answer type with literacy at SMA Adabiah Padang. This type of research is experimental research with randomized posttest control group design. The population in this study were all students of class X IPA SMA Adabiah Padang registered in 2019/2020. Sampling was done using the Simple purposive sampling technique, which was chosen as the research sample was class X IPA.4 as the experimental class and X IPA.3 as the control class. The instrument used consisted of posttest questions for knowledge competencies, observation sheets for competencies and skills. The assessment hypothesis using the t-test, can prove the knowledge competency tcount 7,90>ttable 1.67, competency assessment value 84% with very good categories and competency skills value tcount 3.65>ttable 1.84. This is an accepted hypothesis. It was concluded that the cooperative model of giving questioan and getting answer type with literacy opposed the competence of knowledge, attitudes, and skills of class X IPA students of SMA Adabiah Padang.
Peningkatan Apresiasi Sastra Melalui Teatrikal Puisi Bagi Siswa SMK Negeri 3 Banyumas
Authors: Nurdiyanto Erwita , Resticka Gita Anggria , Marahayu Nila Mega
Published: August 2021

Bahasa merupakan alat komunikasi yang dapat dilakukan dengan bahasa lisan dan bahasa tulis. Puisi merupakan salah satu contoh interaksi yang diungkapkan secara fiksi. Unsur pembentuk puisi sama dengan genre sastra lainnya. Salah satu bentuk apresiasi sastra yaitu pembacaan puisi dengan unsur musikalitas dan ikonisitas yang memukau. Apresiasi sastra bukanlah merupakan keterampilan, melainkan seni atau kiat yang menekankan estetika dan penghargaan sastra. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini bekerja sama dengan sekolah SMK Negeri 3 Banyumas. Peserta kegiatan ini adalah siswa-siswi yang memiliki minat terhadap teater, khususnya yaitu ekstrakurikuker teater. Tujuan diadakannya kegiatan pengabdian ini yaitu meningkatkan apresiasi sastra siswa SMK Negeri 3 Banyumas melalui teatrikal puisi. Manfaat dari diadakannya kegiatan ini diharapkan para siswa dapat mengimplementasikan pada pertunjukkan teatrikal puisi lainnya. Luaran kegiatan berupa pementasan teatrikal pusi berjudul â€œIndonesia Tanah Air Mataâ€. Luaran dari kegiatan pengabdian diharapkan siswa SMK Negeri 3 Banyumas dapat meningkatkan kreativitasnya dalam mengapresiasi sastra yang tertuang dalam bentuk seni pertunjukkan.
 
A language is a communication tool that can be done with spoken and written languages. Poetry is one example of fictionally expressed interactions. The poetry-forming element is the same as other literary genres. One form of literary appreciation is the reading of poetry with elements of musicality and iconicity that amazes. Literary appreciation is not a skill, but rather an art or tip that emphasizes aesthetics and literary awards. This community service activity is in collaboration with Banyumas SMK Negeri 3 school. Participants of this activity are students who have an interest in theater, especially extracurricular theater. The purpose of this devotional activity is to increase the literary appreciation of students of SMK Negeri 3 Banyumas through theatrical poetry. The benefits of this activity are expected that students can implement other theatrical poetry performances. Outside the activity in the form of theatrical staging is titled "Indonesia Tanah Air Mata". Outside of the devotional activities, students of SMK Negeri 3 Banyumas are expected to increase their creativity in appreciating literature contained in the form of performing arts.
Langtímarannsókn á ánægju ferðamanna í Landmannalaugum
Authors: Sæþórsdóttir Anna Dóra
Published: August 2021

Langtímarannsóknir í ferðamálafræðum fela í sér söfnun sambærilegra gagna á a.m.k. tveimur tímapunktum, ásamt greiningu og samanburði á gögnunum á milli tímabilanna sem um ræðir. Í þeim er leitast við að skilja hvernig og hvers vegna mismunandi þættir ferðaþjónustunnar og ferðamannastaða, sem og viðhorf ferðamanna, breytast. Langtímarannsóknir sem greina hvernig ánægja ferðamanna þróast á ferðamannastöðum sem einkennast af lítt raskaðri náttúru og víðernum eru mjög takmarkaðar, ekki aðeins hér á landi heldur einnig á heimsvísu. Slíkar upplýsingar eru hins vegar mjög mikilvægar til að viðhalda samkeppnishæfni staðanna og eru grundvöllur sjálfbærrar nýtingar þeirra. Í þessari grein er greint frá niðurstöðum langtímarannsóknar á ánægju ferðamanna í Landmannalaugum. Rannsóknin er byggð á könnunum í formi spurningalista sem voru lagðir fyrir ferðamenn í Landmannalaugum sumrin 2000, 2009 og 2019. Alls fengust svör frá um 2.900 einstaklingum. Meginmarkmiðið var að greina hvernig ánægja ferðamanna og skynjun þeirra á fólksfjölda, umhverfinu og innviðum hefur breyst á árunum 2000, 2009 og 2019. Niðurstöður leiddu í ljós að ferðamenn eru almennt mjög ánægðir með dvöl sína á svæðinu en þær benda einnig til þess að ánægja ferðamannanna sé að dvína. Ástæður þess eru margvíslegar en tengjast annars vegar innviðum, skipulagi og þjónustu og hins vegar vaxandi fjölda ferðamanna.
Innleiðing jafnlaunakerfis hjá skipulagsheildum: Stuðningur, hindranir og næstu skref
Authors: Óskarsdóttir Guðbjörg Ingunn , Haraldsdóttir Ragna Kemp
Published: August 2021

Ísland er fyrsta þjóðin til að lögfesta jafnlaunastaðal en tilgangur hans er að koma á og viðhalda launajafnrétti kynja á vinnustað. Samkvæmt lögunum ber vinnustöðum að fá jafnlaunavottun að undangenginni úttekt. Markmið rannsóknarinnar var að kanna hvernig skipulagsheildir sem hlotið höfðu jafnlaunavottun hefðu staðið að innleiðingu jafnlaunakerfis í samræmi við kröfur jafnlaunastaðalsins. Tilgangurinn var að varpa ljósi á hvaða þættir reyndust styðja við innleiðingarferlið og hverjar væru helstu hindranir. Þá var kannað hvernig skipulagsheildum gekk að mæta auknum kröfum um skjalfestingu gagna samhliða innleiðingu. Rannsóknin byggist á eigindlegri aðferðafræði. Tekin voru tíu hálfstöðluð viðtöl, níu þeirra við sérfræðinga innan sex skipulagsheilda og eitt við úttektaraðila. Þá var höfð til samanburðar textagreining á kröfum ÍST 85:2012 til skjalfestingar og erindum í 437. þingmáli um lögfestingu jafnlaunakerfis frá 146. löggjafarþingi 2017-2018. Niðurstöður benda til þess að innleiðing jafnlaunastaðals hafi styrkt annað gæðastarf og öfugt. Þannig virtust skipulagheildir sem þegar höfðu innleitt gæðastaðla og/eða unnu skilvirkt að skjalastjórn hafa forskot á aðrar. Styrkur þeirra fólst í sérþekkingu starfsfólks á sviði mannauðsmála, gæðamála og skjalamála sem og formföstu umhverfi sem var vel undirbúið fyrir innleiðingu gæðastaðals. Með innleiðingu jafnlaunakerfis komust á agaðri vinnubrögð og aukið gagnsæi í launasetningu. Skjalfesting ýmissa mannauðsgagna jókst í samræmi við kröfur jafnlaunastaðals. Niðurstöður leiddu einnig í ljós að helstu hindranir við innleiðingu voru tímaskortur og aukið vinnuálag. Starfaflokkun reyndist að auki tímafrek og var ekki studd af íslenskri starfaflokkun ÍSTARF95. Þá komu fram gagnrýnisraddir sem beindust að lögleiðingu jafnlaunastaðals almennt sem og að eftirlitsaðilum sem skorti fjármagn og mannafla til að sinna lögbundnu hlutverki sínu. Það er áhyggjuefni því að fjölmargir vinnustaðir eiga eftir að innleiða staðalinn fyrir lok árs 2022.
Íslenska Phillipskúrfan: Stöðugleiki 1991–2018
Authors: Þorleifsson Óskar Helgi
Published: August 2021

Í þessari grein er lagt mat á halla íslenskrar Phillipskúrfu og stöðugleiki sambandsins kannaður á tímabilinu 1991–2018. Umtalsverðar breytingar urðu á umhverfi verðbólguþróunar á tímabilinu. Þá má nefna að Seðlabanki Íslands öðlaðist sjálfstæði frá pólitískum afskiptum, verðbólgumarkmið hefur verið innleitt og breyting varð á fyrirkomulagi gengismála árið 2001. Í kjölfar bankahrunsins komu svo til sögunnar takmarkanir á fjármagnshreyfingum sem auðvelduðu miðlun peningastefnu og síðar velgengni við að halda verðbólgu í samræmi við markmið.
Fyrir tímabilið í heild finnst virkt Phillipssamband, sem frekar ber einkenni hröðunar-Phillipskúrfu: Sambandi slaka á vinnumarkaði og aukinnar verðbólgu. Á tímabilinu eftir efnahagshrunið minnkar fylgni verðbólgu við verðbólgu síðasta árs. Sambandið færist þá í áttina að því að lýsa tengslum milli slaka á vinnumarkaði og verðbólgustigs. Þetta hefur í för með sér að uppsveiflu þarf ekki endilega að fylgja niðursveifla jafnvel þótt stefnt sé að stöðugu verðbólgustigi til lengdar. Ekki voru afgerandi vísbendingar um flatari Phillipskúrfu á tímabilinu.
Yield Performance of Barley Hybrids (Hordeum vulgare L.) under Drought stress and non-stressed Conditions
Authors: Mahmood Yadgar , Nasraden Hassan Halgurd , Saber Mohammed Masood
Published: August 2021

This study was carried out at the experiment field, Kalar Technical Institute, Garmian Region in two growing seasons of 2016-2017 and 2017-2018 in order to evaluate the growth and yield potentials of barley under water stressed using hybrids as a source of wide range of genotypic variations. Therefore, five F2 barley hybrids (Hordeum vulgare L.) were screened for grain yield, biomass dry matter, plant height and harvest index under irrigated and drought conditions. Results showed that there was no effect of drought on grain yield (P>0.05) in 2017, while significantly reduced yield in 2018 and across-year mean (P-2 (3//14) under irrigated condition, and 267.8 (3//5) to 302.3 g m-2 (3//4) under unirrigated condition (P=0.001), biomass dry matter was ranged from 1099.1 (3//1) to 1370.5 g m-2 (3//14) under irrigated condition, and 892.6 (3//1) to 1153.9 g m-2 (3//14) under unirrigated condition (P=0.05), and harvest index were from 25.1 (3//14) to 28.0 (3//1) under irrigated conditions, and 25.9 (3//14) to 31.2 (3//1) under unirrigated conditions (P=0.04). Regression analysis, averaging over years, showed a positive relationship between grain yield and biomass under irrigated (R2=0.76; P=0.05), despite that, any positive relation was not found under unirrigated conditions (R2=0.43; P=0.23) due to post-anthesis drought stress. A strong relationship was also found between plant height and biomass dry matter under both irrigated (R2=0.89; P=0.02) and unirrigated (R2=0.97; P=0.003) conditions due to the high contribution of plant height in increasing plant biomass. It is concluded that genotypes had different response to drought due to their genetic diversity, and relatively low impact of water stress was appeared on growth and grain yield of barley in this semi-arid region compared to worldwide expected range of yield reduction.
Kiev ex-libris school as a xylography traditions keeper in printmaking of modern Ukraine
Authors:   Kiev Municipal Academy of Circus and Performing Arts, Department of Music Art, Kiev, Ukrain, Romanenkova Julia , Paliychuk Anna ,   Kiev Municipal Academy of Circus and Performing Arts, Department of Music Art, Kiev, Ukrain, Mykhalchuk Vadym ,   National Academy of Culture and Arts Management, Department of Culturology and Art-Management, Kiev, Ukraine
Published: August 2021

The article is dedicated to Kiev ex-libris school role (EL) in modern Ukrainian printmaking. The loss process by a bookplate of utilitarian, applied functions and its transformation into an independent work of art, collectors' object of interest with an appreciated art value is described. The ex-libris schools formed in the first quarter of the 21st century are emphasized, the main trends of the bookplate development predominant centers are defined (Kiev, Lvov, Odessa, Luhansk). Printmaking techniques, typical for a particular ex-libris school, are marked. Kiev bookplate school, as one of the leading centers for the classical xylography traditions preservation, is underlined. The most significant masters, working in these techniques, are presented, the technological process evolution is indicated and its main reasons are emphasized. The problem of opposition between the old and new in the art of printmaking is touched upon by example of classical techniques and gathering momentum computer graphics (CGA) coexistence.
HIDRATANTE ECO-AMIGÁVEL PARA UNHAS À BASE DE SILÍCIO: AVALIAÇÃO DA QUALIDADE E ESTABILIDADE PRELIMINAR
Authors: Lopes Beatriz Alcântara Silva , Jubertoni Isabela Cristina , Bianchi Roberta Martins da Costa , Tescarollo Iara Lucia , Menin Silvia Elisa Acedo
Published: August 2021

Uma das áreas de atuação do farmacêutico é a cosmetologia, que tem passado por profundas transformações e desafios para atender aos preceitos crescentes de qualidade, segurança e eficácia. Atualmente, as mulheres têm procurado por produtos cosméticos que sejam eficazes em fortalecer as unhas danificadas, quebradiças e frágeis. Diante de um mercado em expansão e produtos inovadores, este projeto teve como objetivo desenvolver um hidratante eco-amigável com silício para unhas. A avaliação da estabilidade do produto foi realizada por meio de testes de cor, aspecto, odor, pH, análise sensorial subjetiva, homogeneidade por centrifugação, espalhabilidade e limites microbianos. O estudo demonstrou que foi possível produzir um creme eco-amigável com silício para as unhas dentro dos limites de estabilidade e qualidade. O produto demostra possibilidade inovadora dentro do segmento cosmético.
CIRURGIA BARIÁTRICA: UM ESTUDO SOBRE A PERCEPÇÃO DE IMAGEM CORPORAL DE PACIENTES NO PERÍODO PRÉ E PÓS-OPERATÓRIO
Authors: Moraes Camilla , Maria de Cantalice Lucicleide
Published: August 2021

A obesidade é uma condição multifatorial que acarreta diversas complicações físicas, psicológicas e sociais. A cirurgia bariátrica entra como uma medida eficaz de perda de peso, quando os tratamentos tradicionais não produzem efeito. A imagem corporal é definida como o conjunto de percepções, pensamentos e sentimentos de um indivíduo sobre o próprio corpo e a alteração da mesma, em quadros de obesidade, é amplamente relatada na literatura médica e psicológica. Diante disso, o presente estudo, teve como objetivo investigar a percepção de imagem corporal de pacientes submetidos à cirurgia bariátrica, no período pré e pós-operatório. A amostra foi constituída por 45 participantes, ambos os sexos, de diferentes raças/etnias, 20 participantes constituíram o grupo pré-operatório e 25 o grupo pós-operatório. Foi elaborado pela própria pesquisadora, um questionário de caracterização da amostra e a percepção de imagem corporal foi medida por meio dos instrumentos: Escala de Silhuetas de Stunkard e Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ). Após análise quantitativa, encontrou-se, como resultados a presença de insatisfação moderada no período pré-operatório, em ambos instrumentos. Já no grupo pós-operatório, os resultados do BSQ indicaram satisfação com a imagem corporal, em contrapartida, a Escala de Silhuetas de Stunkard indicou uma distorção perceptiva, podendo-se inferir que há presença de insatisfação leve com a imagem corporal. Portanto, ressalta-se a importância da contribuição da psicologia nessa temática, principalmente, ao compreender os significados em relação ao corpo, contribuir para o processo de adaptação e identificação com a autoimagem corporal e na melhora na qualidade de vida desses pacientes.
المناطق المهددة بالسيول في مدينة دهوك
Authors: H. Abdulrahman Dadvan
Published: August 2021

تتعرض مدينة دهوك كغيرها من المدن لمخاطر طبيعية مختلفة كالسيول و الفيضانات وهذا قد تبين من خلال السنوات السابقة فقد تعرض مناطق عديده للسيول مما أدي الي ارتفاع منسوب المياه في الشوارع مما سبب إضرارا في الممتلكات الخاصة و العامة و حيث انه من المستحيل دفع مخاطر السيول و الفيضانات او منع حدوثها ولكن بالإمكان العمل علي الحد من تأثيراتها و التقليل من خسائرها التي تنجم عنها و ذلك من خلال انشاء الخرائط التي تحدد المواقع المهددة و إجراء الدراسات التي تقوم بتطوير عمل شبكات الإنذار المبكر فضلا عن انشاء قواعد المعلومات ،وتم في هذه الدراسة تحديد المناطق المهددة بالسيول داخل مدينه دهوك و بشكل خاص في المناطق العمرانية و ذات القابلة للتمدد و النمو و ذلك من خلال بيانات الاستشعار عن بعد و نضم المعلومات الجغرافية من اجل بناء قاعده معلومات مكانيه في انشاء الخرائط الموضوعي لتحديد المناطق السكنية و العمرانية و الطرق المهددة بمخاطر  السيول .
Medicinal Plants in the Records of Latvian Folk Medicine and Analysis of Their Practical Applications. Doctoral Thesis
Authors:   ,   Rīga Stradiņš University, Sīle Inga
Published: August 2021

Medicinal plant knowledge in Europe is rooted in a long history of health traditions. Numerous ethnobotanical studies across Europe have addressed the increasing importance of the traditional use of medicinal plants. Latvia is a country with old folk medicine traditions and an extensive folk knowledge archive. The aim of this thesis was to collect and analyse knowledge about the use of the medicinal plants found in the records of Latvian folk medicine and to search for new ideas regarding the practical applications of these plants. This thesis reveals, for the first time to the international scientific community, the important ethnobotanical information contained in the records of Latvian folk medicine that had not yet been translated into English and are therefore less visible to researchers from all over the world. This thesis provides a list of the used plant species and plant parts, the dosage forms of herbal medicines, the routes of administration, and the disorders treated with medicinal plants mentioned in the records of Latvian folk medicine and used by indigenous people of Latvia in the end of 19th and the beginning of 20th centuries. In total, the thesis includes information on 211 plant taxa, most of which were utilized for the treatment of digestive and respiratory system disorders. To understand whether the information mentioned in the folklore material is relevant today, it was compared with evidence-based information regarding the uses of the listed plant, including official herbal monographs. During this study, it was concluded that only 59 plant taxa mentioned in the studied records of Latvian folk medicine are included in the official monographs of the European Medicines Agency, and most of the plant indications mentioned in the records have not been described in evidence-based monographs. After the systematic analysis of folklore materials, additional information on the molecular mechanisms of the anti-inflammatory activities of Pelargonium sidoides DC. and Prunus padus L. were investigated to confirm their traditional use for the treatment of inflammatory conditions. The obtained results provide evidence that both plant extracts exhibit pronounced in vitro and ex vivo anti-inflammatory activities, supporting their use in Latvian ethnomedicine as effective anti-inflammatory agents. The obtained results are important as they provide ideas for further research related to possibilities regarding the use of plants growing in the territory of Latvia and allow new perspectives to be gained for both national and international ethnobotanical research.
Ārstniecības augi latviešu tautas ārstniecības pierakstos un to praktiskā lietojuma analīze. Promocijas darba kopsavilkums
Authors:   ,   Rīgas Stradiņa universitāte, Sīle Inga
Published: August 2021

Daudzi Eiropas valstīs veiktie etnobotāniskie pētījumi vērš uzmanību uz ārstniecības augu tradicionālās izmantošanas pieaugošo nozīmi. Eiropā zināšanas par ārstniecības augu lietošanu balstās senā vēsturē un tradīcijās. Arī Latvija ir valsts ar gadsimtos krātām tautas medicīnas tradīcijām un plašu šo zināšanu arhīvu. Promocijas darba mērķis bija apkopot un analizēt latviešu tautas ārstniecības pierakstos pieejamās zināšanas par ārstniecības augu lietošanu un meklēt jaunas idejas šo zināšanu praktiskam lietojumam mūsdienās. Promocijas darbs pirmo reizi starptautiskajai zinātniskajai sabiedrībai atklāj latviešu tautas ārstniecības pierakstos iekļauto informāciju par ārstēšanos ar augiem, kas līdz šim nebija tulkota angļu valodā, tāpēc nebija pieejama citu valstu pētniekiem. Pētījums ietver sarakstu ar Latvijas teritorijā 19. gs. beigās un 20. gs. pirmajā pusē tautas medicīnā izmantotiem augiem, to sugām, ārstniecībā lietotām šo augu daļām un pagatavojumiem no tām, to ievadīšanas veidu un slimībām vai to simptomiem, kas ārstēti ar šiem līdzekļiem. Darbs satur informāciju par 211 augu ģintīm, no kurām lielākā daļa tika izmantotas gremošanas un elpošanas sistēmas traucējumu ārstēšanai. Lai saprastu, vai folkloras materiālos norādītā informācija mūsdienās ir aktuāla, tradicionālais augu lietojums tika salīdzināts ar informāciju, balstītu uz pierādījumiem. Pētījumā secināts, ka 59 augu drogām ir pieejamas oficiālas Eiropas Zāļu aģentūras datubāzē publicētas monogrāfijas, bet lielākajai daļai latviešu tautas ārstniecības pierakstos minēto indikāciju nav zinātniska pierādījuma. Pēc sistemātiskas folkloras materiālu analīzes turpmākam pētījumam tika izvēlēti Pelargonium sidoides DC. un Prunus padus L., lai apstiprinātu šo augu drogu tradicionālo lietojumu iekaisuma stāvokļu ārstēšanai. Šim nolūkam pētījuma gaitā tika noskaidroti to pretiekaisuma aktivitātes molekulārie mehānismi. Iegūtie rezultāti sniedz pierādījumu, ka abu augu drogu ekstraktiem in vitro un ex vivo ir izteikta pretiekaisuma aktivitāte, tā apstiprinot to izmantošanas lietderību latviešu tautas medicīnā par efektīvu līdzekli iekaisuma procesu mazināšanai. Promocijas darba rezultātu nozīmīgums: tie var rosināt jaunas idejas turpmākiem ar Latvijas teritorijā augošu augu izmantošanas iespējām saistītiem pētījumiem un var pavērt jaunas perspektīvas gan nacionāliem, gan starptautiskiem etnobotāniskiem pētījumiem.
SOCIOCULTURAL TYPE OF A TEACHER IN A SMALL CITY OF KRASNOYARSKY KRAI (CONSCIOUS LEVEL OF LANGUAGE CONSCIOUSNESS)
Authors:   KSPU named after V.P. Astafiev, Ustiantseva E.V.
Published: August 2021

The article presents the results of a sociolinguistic survey aimed at identifying the socio-cultural type of a teacher as an ideal type that meets the requirements of the professional community of teachers working in a small town in the Krasnoyarsk Territory. We have enumerated the most frequent words-qualities that make up the “portrait” of the professional group “teacher”: love for children, kindness, patience, responsibility, fairness, professionalism, communication skills, etc. Age-wise analysis of the results showed that the older the teacher, the more important are qualities associated with professional skills for him or her, while the young generation of teachers prioritizes warm relationships with students.
TERMINOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF MODERN RUSSIAN LANGUAGE POLICY
Authors:   KSPU named after V.P. Astafiev, Vasilyev A.D.
Published: August 2021

Issues of language policy are constantly relevant for any state, including Russia, which is a multinational country as stated officially. According to the current constitution, the Russian language is the state language of the Russian Federation; amendments to the 2020 Basic Law have finally and justly established the state-forming status of the Russian people. Naturally, the current speech-communicative processes in different spheres of life of society give rise to various conflicts. This also applies to the field of official communication – lawmaking, law enforcement, legal procedures, etc. Therefore, the sporadic attention of the authorities to the use of the Russian language as a state language is understandable. This was the key in the agenda of the meeting of the Russian Language Council, held on November 5, 2019 under the personal chairmanship of the President Vladimir V. Putin. However, the meeting participants did not pay due attention to a number of rather obvious problems that arise in this regard. Among them are, in particular, the pressing tasks of clearly differentiating stable varieties of the use of the national language and their normative labelling, some methodological principles of practical lexicography, probable linguodidactic innovations and specific forms of their implementation; finally, issues of juridical linguistics and of legal nature. The purpose of the article is to analyze the terminological aspect of language policy in Russia. As a result, it is obvious that the term “state language” should be filled with a clear conceptual content. This will also strengthen its place in the public consciousness.
Neville Alexander’s Warning
Authors: Vally Salim , Motala Enver
Published: August 2021

Commentary
Faktor-Faktor yang Memengaruhi Niat UMKM Kuliner dalam Pemanfaatan Layanan Go-Food di Surakarta
Authors: Tampubolon Novena Hasiani , Setyowati Nuning , Adi Raden Kunto
Published: August 2021

This research aims to determine factors that influence the culinary MSMEs intention to use Go-Food in Surakarta using Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) modification. Factors are perceived resources, perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, attitude towards using, and relative advantage. The basic research method is the descriptive method. The method of location determination is purposive. The method of sample determination is purposive sampling with many samples of 60 respondents. Data collection tools using questionnaires. The data analysis method is Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Data analysis tools using Partial Least Square (PLS) with SmartPLS 3.0. software. The research results show that perceived resources have a positive effect on perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use have positive effects on attitude towards using, perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use have positive effects on relative advantage, attitude towards using and relative advantage have positive effects on behavior intention to use Go-Food in Surakarta.Keywords: Culinary MSMEs, Go-Food, Modified Technology Acceptance Model, Structural Equation Modeling