bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MOBILIZATION WITHOUT ORGANIZATION: GRIEVANCES AND GROUP SOLIDARITY OF THE UNEMPLOYED IN TUNISIA*
Authors: Jöst Prisca
Published: July 2020

The article investigates the role of social grievances, emotions and group solidarity in the spontaneous mobilization of unemployed university graduates in post-revolutionary Tunisia. Using a mixed method approach, I rely on interviews with political and civil actors conducted during fieldwork in 2018, protest event data from the Armed Conflict and Event Data Project, Facebook posts, and secondary literature including additional media reports. My findings indicate that in January 2016, unemployed citizens organized autonomously in response to perceived social grievances and increasing levels of corruption among established trade unions and unemployed organizations. In the case of Tunisia, shared feelings of relative deprivation, compared to the coastal regions, strengthened in-group solidarity among the unemployed in the interior and south and resulted in their collective mobilization.
La ofensiva moralizadora y de control social en los espacios federales argentinos a comienzos del siglo XX: evaluación de sus alcances en el Chaco
Authors: Mari Óscar  Ernesto
Published: July 2020

Este artículo aborda el estudio de las medidas que se tomaron a principios del siglo XX para direccionar las actividades de recreación, esparcimiento y el comportamiento público en determinados espacios argentinos, con base a rígidos parámetros disciplinarios y morales. Se analiza el espíritu y contenido de leyes, resoluciones y Códigos que la dirigencia nacional de entonces promovió para que fuesen aplicados en las jurisdicciones federales en donde, por las características de sus cuerpos sociales todavía en formación, se presumían posibilidades exitosas de asimilación. Además, se explican los alcances de estas medidas, particularmente en uno de estos ámbitos de aplicación, el Chaco, con el propósito de proyectar sus efectos en otras jurisdicciones nacionales similares y dimensionar los resultados de conjunto.
MENSURAÇÃO DOS CUSTOS DE TRANSAÇÃO NA COMPOSIÇÃO DOS CUSTOS TOTAIS DO PONTO DE AÇAÍ
Authors: Fernandes José Luiz Nunes Fernandes Luiz Nunes
Published: July 2020

O segmento do agronegócio na região norte do Brasil e especialmente no Estado do Pará envolve cifras anuais em torno de US$ 700 milhões. Tradicionalmente os custos são apurados quando considerados os fatores endógenos as entidades econômicas, esses denominados de custos de produção. A literatura aponta que na composição dos custos totais existem e devem ser mensurados os custos de transação, porém essa mensuração é desafiadora e reconhecidamente custosa. Neste sentido, o objetivo dessa pesquisa é mensurar o custo transação e de produção na composição dos custos totais dos pontos de vendas de açaí localizados na cidade de Belém, Estado do Pará. Por meio de pesquisa exploratória pontos de venda de açaí foram pesquisados no sentido de identificar a composição do custos total. A pesquisa chegou à conclusão que cada litro do vinho de açaí produzido em um ponto de venda tem o custo unitário de R$ 4,57 para uma produção diária de 100 litros.
Sentidos de la formación de educadores en idiomas modernos en la Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia
Authors: Ramos Holguín Bertha
Published: July 2020

El tema “la formación de educadores en idiomas modernos”, seleccionado en este documento, se inscribe en la línea de investigación “Currículo e Interculturalidad” del Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias de la Educación de la Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia (UPTC). Esta investigación dialoga entonces con uno de los planteamientos principales de la línea, que se enfoca en “repensar la formación actual de los educadores y del sistema educativo en general en espacios de diversidad cultural”1. En esta perspectiva, la formación no puede pensarse desde una postura estructural, sino a partir de las lógicas sociales y culturales; por esta razón, en este trabajo investigativo se da cuenta de los sentidos de la formación de educadores en el programa de Idiomas Modernos de la UPTC, primer programa de su tipo en el país. Por medio de las discusiones en relación con esta línea, he comprendido el significado y los alcances del concepto de formación de educadores, entendida aquí como un proceso dinámico, complejo y continuo que permite al sujeto desarrollar su autonomía, transformarse y transformar su realidad; es decir, la formación de educadores posibilita, a través de la reflexión, que el discurso del educador trascienda lo teórico y permee su realidad cultural. Esta transformación se logra una vez se provee de sentido y significado la realidad en la cual se forma el individuo.
Vaccination Coverage Under the Expanded Program on Immunization in South West Cameroon
Authors: Ewang Bestina Forkwa , Eyong Mathias Esum , Cumber Samuel Nambile , Nkfusai Claude Ngwayu , Yankam Brenda Mbouamba , Anye Cho Sabastine , Achu Jacintha Rebang , Suh Bih Moki , Nkeng Mildred Njoache , Nzoyom Rosette Boseme , Tsoka-Gwegweni Joyce Mahlako , Akum Eric Achidi
Published: July 2020

Background: Inadequate vaccination coverage with increased risk of vaccine preventable disease outbreaks remain a problem in Africa. The aim of this study was to assess the vaccination coverage levels under the Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) in a health area and to identify factors that affect vaccination coverage in view of providing valuable data for disease prevention.

Methods: A cross-sectional household survey was conducted in August 2017 in the Mbonge health area, Southwest Cameroon. Clustered sampling technique was used to select study communities and a purposive sampling design was used to select households. An interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to obtain information from consenting caregivers of children aged 9–23 months. Vaccination coverage was assessed by consulting the vaccination cards and parents’ recall. In households with more than one child aged 9-23months, the youngest was chosen.

Results: Overall, 300 caregivers were enrolled into the study. The average vaccination coverage for the past three years (2014-2016) was 34.0%. Two hundred and fifty-five (85%) children had vaccination cards. Amongst the children, 143 (47.7%) had taken all vaccines as recommended while 30 (10%) had not received a single dose. Factors significantly associated with incomplete vaccination status included: occupation (being a farmer) (p-value=0.011), marital status (married) (p-value=0.048), caregiver’s utilization of health facility (p-value=0.003), low levels of mothers’ utilization of antenatal care (ANC) services (p-value=0.000), and low knowledge on vaccination (p-value=0.000).

Conclusion and Global Health Implications: Adequate vaccination coverage can be attained through good sensitization and health education for primary caregivers. Targeting families living far away from vaccination centers, using appropriate communication and vaccination strategies may improve vaccination coverage in the Mbonge Health Area of South West Region, Cameroon.

Key words: • Assessment • Vaccination Coverage Expanded Program on Immunization • Mbonge Health Area • Cameroon • EPI

 

Copyright © 2020 Ewang et al. Published by Global Health and Education Projects, Inc. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work, first published in this journal, is properly cited.
Additional Primary Cancers in Veterans Surviving Colorectal Cancer – A Critical Analysis
Authors: Le Maithao , Nguyen Patrick , Ahn Nicholas , Backer Justin Van
Published: July 2020

Background

There is evidence that colorectal cancer (CRC) survivors in the general population have a higher incidence of additional primary cancer (APC). In addition, distinct patterns of APC have been seen in survivors with right side colon cancer (RCC) versus those with left side colon and rectal cancer (LCRC). These findings may not be representative for veterans surviving colorectal cancer.
Methods

Retrospective chart review was done for 1540 veterans treated for sporadic CRC between July 1995 and December 2011 at three major Veteran Affairs Medical Centers. Sex, war period served, age and pathological stage at diagnosis, tumor laterality, and site/organs of APCs were collected.
Results

99% of our cohort were male. The average age of CRC surviving veterans was 70 as compared to 68 reported in the general population. 27.4% of our cohort had at least one APC as compared to less than 12% reported for the general population. CRC surviving veterans with one or two APCs were older than those without APC (71.2 or 72.5 respectively vs 69.4). The incident of APC was highest in Korean War veterans (27.8%), followed by World War II veterans (24.8%), and Vietnam War veterans (15.9%). Veterans with RCC were older than those with LCRC (71.7 vs 68.8). They also had a higher incidence of APC (32. 9% vs 22.9%). This difference remained unchanged after the cohorts were aged matched (32.9% vs 25.5%). There were more Lynch syndrome related APCs in veterans with RCC that veterans with LCRC (9.6% vs 6.4%). However, this difference did not remain statistically significant in the age-matched cohorts.
Conclusion

More than one in four veterans surviving CRC had APC. Veterans with APC were older, more likely to be Korean War or World War II veterans. There were distinct differences between veterans surviving RCC versus LCRC.
Engineering motile aqueous phase-separated droplets
via liposome stabilisation
Authors: Zhang Shaobin , Contini Claudia , Hindley James , Bolognesi Guido , Elani Yuval , Ces Oscar
Published: July 2020

There are increasing efforts to engineer functional compartments that mimic aspects of cellular behaviour in a drive to construct an artificial cell from the bottom-up. One behaviour that is receiving particular attention is motility, due to its biotechnological potential and the fact that movement of discrete cells is a ubiquitous feature of living systems. Many existing platforms make use of the Marangoni effect to achieve motion in water/oil (w/o) droplet systems. However, most of these systems are unsuitable for biological applications due to issues with biocompatibility caused by the presence of oil phases. Here we report a biocompatible all aqueous (w/w) PEG/dextran Pickering-like emulsion system consisting of liposome-stabilized cell-sized droplets, where the stability can be easily tuned by adjusting liposome composition and concentration. We demonstrate that the compartments are capable of negative chemotaxis: if water is introduced into the emulsion system, these droplets can respond through directional motion away from PEG in the continuous phase and down to the polymer gradient with a velocity change proportional to the rearrangement of liposome stabilisers in the PEG/dextran interface. The biocompatibility, motility and partitioning abilities of this novel droplet system offers new directions to pursue research in motion-related biological processes.
Genome-Wide Association Studies for Immunoglobulins in Colostrum and Serum in Chinese Holstein
Authors: Lin Shan , Ke Cuncun , Liu Lin , Gao Yahui , Xu Lingna , Han Bo , Zhao Yaofeng , Zhang Shengli , Sun Dongxiao
Published: July 2020

BackgroundImmunoglobulins (Igs) are important components of the innate immune system, and fight pathogens as a part of the first defense line. Newborn dairy calves get maternal antibodies from colostrum. Therefore, contents of immunoglobulins in colostrum and serum of cows are essential traits when estimating potential natural disease resistance of calves. In this study, a genome-wide association study (GWAS) was performed to identify candidate genes that are responsible for the observed genetic variation of immunoglobulins contents in colostrum and blood in Holstein cows.ResultsColostrum, blood and hair follicle samples were collected from the 620 Chinese Holstein cows within 24 hours after calving. The concentration of IgG, IgG1, IgG2, IgA and IgM in both colostrum and serum were detected via ELISA methods, respectively. Using GCTA software, GWASs were performed with 88,934 SNPs genotyped by using Illumina 50K (54,609 SNPs) and GeneSeek 150K (140,668 SNPs) chips in which 50K chip were imputed to 150K SNPs with BEAGLE 3.0.4 software. As a result, 20 and 5 SNPs were detected genome-wide significantly associated with contents of the IgG and IgM in colostrum and serum (P<3.16E–6). In addition, 57, 11 and 10 SNPs were suggestive significantly associated with IgG, IgA and IgM traits (P<6.32E–5). Next, a total of 1,083 functional genes were identified that included or adjacent to these significant SNPs with a distance less than 1 Mb. Functional enrichment analysis showed that these genes were involved in immune related pathways, such as immune response, Fc gamma R-mediated phagocytosis, negative regulation of immunoglobulin secretion, humoral immune response, Fc-epsilon receptor and NF-kappaB signaling pathways. By integrating analysis of the functional enrichment and the known QTL data, we identified 21 candidate genes associated with contents of immunoglobulins in colostrum and serum, including ABR, TIMM22, CRK, MYO1C, RILP, SERPINF2, AKT1, BCL11B, HHIPL1, DYNC1H1, HSP90AA1, TRAF3, KLC1, IL6, PYCARD, ITGAM, TGFB1I1, GUSB, CRCP, RABGEF1 and SBDS.ConclusionsIn this study, we identified 21 candidate genes associated with immunoglobulins level in colostrum and serum in dairy cattle. This founding demonstrated the possibility of increasing immunity through selective breeding and provided an important information for molecular breeding of dairy cattle.
Optimal water resource allocation based on stability – considering the correlation between water consumption and output value in different industries
Authors: Yao Liming , Zhao Lu , Pan Li , Chen Xudong
Published: July 2020

When multiple industries share a river, they compete for available water resources. In order to settle conflicts and ensure industrial stability, it is important for river basin managers to develop a water allocation plan. In addition, there is a correlation between water demand and output in different industries, which affects water allocation plans. From the perspective of river basin government, this paper constructs a flow distribution model among the three major industries of industry, agriculture, and service. River basin government allocates water resources to the stability of the three major industries. The water consumption of various industrial sectors is centered on their own vital interests. Different industries have different characteristics and restrictions on water consumption. The study also considers transactions in different industries on the water market, using dynamic programming methods to simulate this water allocation. This allocation model is different from the traditional industrial water allocation model, and considers the correlation between the water demand and output value of different industries. The results show that a reasonable understanding of the interrelationships between industries will be more helpful to decision makers and a fundamental guarantee for sustainable use of water resources.
A Concepção de Spinoza dos Atributos da Substâncias
Authors: Wolf Abraham , Pacheco Gionatan Carlos
Published: July 2020

Tradução do artigo: “Spinoza's Conception of the Attributes of Substance” de Abraham Wolf.
APLICAÇÃO DA SISTEMATIZAÇÃO DA ASSISTÊNCIA DE ENFERMAGEM EM GESTANTES ATENDIDAS NO PRÉ-NATAL
Authors: César Bernardino da Silva Júlio , De Moura Borba Amanda , Barboza da Rocha Santos Amanda , Clícia Delmondes Ferraz Ana , De Amorim Silva Giselly , Carolina da Silva Laís , Soares Ferreira Calado Raíssa , Sabrina Oliveira Cavalcante Mayara , Everton Alves de Melo José , Valéria Gorayeb de Carvalho Maria
Published: July 2020

Introdução: O acompanhamento pré-natal visa assegurar o desenvolvimento da gestação, favorecendo um nascimento saudável. Dessa forma, o enfermeiro vem se destacando como profissional competente para efetivar as ações propostas pelo Ministério da Saúde. A partir da aplicação do Processo de Enfermagem, que consiste em um método científico que orienta as ações e identifica as principais necessidades do indivíduo. Objetivo: Relatar a aplicação da sistematização da assistência de enfermagem em gestantes atendidas no pré-natal a partir de um checklist. Método: Estudo descritivo, do tipo relato de experiência relacionado a aplicabilidade da Sistematização da Assistência de Enfermagem em uma Unidade Saúde Escola no município de Caruaru-PE. Foi construído um instrumento checklist composto por diagnósticos e intervenções de Enfermagem de acordo com as demandas das gestantes segundo as teorias das Necessidades Humanas Básicas, Teoria do Autocuidado e Teoria Holística. O checklist é composto por 24 diagnósticos e 89 intervenções de Enfermagem estruturados a partir da Classificação Internacional para a Prática de Enfermagem (CIPE‎). Resultados: Foram selecionados para o checklist, 8 diagnósticos mais comuns observado entre as gestantes na literatura, seguido de 3 intervenções de Enfermagem também mais presente de ser selecionado pelos enfermeiros, como: comportamento alimentar comprometido, gravidez não planejada presente, náusea presente, status de imunização inadequado, vômito presente, conhecimento sobre saúde comprometido, obstipação presente e dor presente. Conclusões: O papel do enfermeiro em suas atribuições tem mostrado tamanha importância quando se trata do mesmo utilizar o processo de Enfermagem nas consultas de pré-natal. Ressalta-se que o instrumento checklist servirá como subsídios para os profissionais enfermeiros planejarem suas ações intervencionistas. Contudo, destaca-se a necessidade de cada vez mais os enfermeiros utilizarem da Sistematização da Assistência de Enfermagem como recurso indispensável para a prática profissional.
MORTALIDADE POR QUEDA EM IDOSOS: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Authors: Wingerter Denise Guerra , Ribeiro Barbosa Isabelle , Batista Moura Luana Kelle , Maciel Rafael Fábio , Costa Feitosa Alves Maria do Socorro
Published: July 2020

Introdução: Organização Mundial de Saúde avalia que em torno de 28% a 42% das pessoas com mais de 65 anos sofrem quedas anualmente, e 5 a 10% das quedas evoluem para óbito. O conhecimento das causas dos óbitos por quedas em idosos possibilita auxiliar no planejamento de estratégias preventivas deste agravo. Objetivo: Realizar revisão sistemática da literatura visando verificar o perfil epidemiológico de óbitos por quedas em idosos entre 2007 e 2016. Método: Busca de artigos com descritores: Idoso; Óbito; Envelhecimento; Perfil de Saúde; Acidentes por Quedas; nas bases de dados CAPES, SciELO, BVS Salud e Google Acadêmico; entre 2007 e 2016; utilizando os Idiomas: Inglês, português ou espanhol; Incluídos artigos contendo em seu objetivo avaliar os óbitos por quedas em idosos e excluídos os estudos que não possuíam informações sobre quedas ou continham a informação da queda como fator de risco para mortalidade em idosos, sem o desfecho óbito. Resultados: Triados oito artigos, seis utilizaram estudos retrospectivos entre 1996 a 2011 tendo o SIM como base. Os estudos encontraram percentuais gerais de óbitos por quedas em idosos entre 0,61% e 0,69% e 7,15% das causas externas. No percentual de mortalidade Específica por quedas, foi observada variação de 15 a 29% nos estudos. O Coeficiente de Mortalidade Específico variou de 24,06 a 35,83/100000hab. Gênero, raça, estado civil e escolaridade não apresentaram avaliações que permitisse uma análise mais efetiva. Todos os estudos apontaram que quanto maior a idade, maior o risco de óbito por queda. Os estudos que tiveram como base de informação o SIM apontaram para a limitação da qualidade do dado coletado, onde alguns óbitos podem estar mascarados dentro de outras causas. Conclusões: Foram encontradas informações insuficientes para traçar o perfil epidemiológico da população idosa que vem a óbito por quedas, assim como disparidades entre as taxas gerais e específicas de mortalidade pelo agravo observado. As evidências levantadas neste estudo destacam as quedas em idosos como um relevante problema atual de saúde pública, uma vez que este agravo é considerado evitável por atenção ao idoso. Mostra-se ainda importante a qualificação da causa básica do óbito no preenchimento das informações do SIM, uma vez que o preenchimento incorreto pode mascarar a informação fidedigna sobre a magnitude dos óbitos por quedas em idosos, suas proporções e coeficientes, prejudicando a avaliação do agravo e a alocação de políticas públicas que possam reduzir esta mortalidade.
PERCEPÇÃO DAS MULHERES EM SITUAÇÃO DE ABORTAMENTO FRENTE AO CUIDADO DE ENFERMAGEM
Authors: Silva Lorenna , Sales Nayara , Santos Renata , Albuquerque Nayale
Published: July 2020

Introdução: O aborto na vida da mulher que espera ansiosamente pela chegada do seu filho pode modificar alguns funcionamentos normais do seu corpo, tanto fisiológico quanto psicológico, principalmente quando ela não está esperando que esse fato aconteça. Tendo que os sentimentos predominantes das mulheres em situação de abortamento, em sua grande maioria abortos espontâneos, são o medo, angústia e solidão. O compromisso com o acolhimento como forma de cuidado é de extrema relevância na equipe de enfermagem. Objetivo: Identificar o cuidado da enfermagem a partir dos discursos das mulheres em situação de abortamento. Método: Trata-se de um estudo de campo, descritivo, exploratório de abordagem qualitativa, realizado no Hospital Jesus Nazareno, situado no município de Caruaru-PE, no mês de agosto de 2016. Houve a participação de 8 mulheres que receberam a assistência de enfermagem diante de um processo abortivo, por critério de saturação de dados, sendo aplicada uma entrevista contendo as seguintes questões norteadoras: “Como você foi recebida no hospital?”, “De que forma recebeu a notícia sobre o aborto?” e “Como você relata os cuidados da equipe de enfermagem?”. Os dados obtidos com as entrevistas foram organizados por meio da transcrição das gravações e analisados a partir da aplicação da técnica de análise de conteúdo temática, de Bardin. Foram consideradas todas as observâncias éticas contempladas na Resolução nº 466/12/MS e a partir do consentimento da mulher, por meio da assinatura do TCLE. Resultados: Dentre as mulheres do estudo, tinha idade entre 13 a 39 anos, havia cursado o ensino médio completo, 02 mulheres possuíam trabalho remunerado, as demais eram agricultoras, dona de casa ou estavam concluindo os estudos. Quanto à paridade, 3 das mulheres entrevistadas eram nulíparas, enquanto as demais já possuíam de 2 a 3 filhos. Após aplicação da análise, surgiram as seguintes categorias: “Acolhimento versus humanização” e “ Medicalização na Assistência”. Conclusões: A partir dos dados obtidos percebeu-se a importância do acolhimento adequado às mulheres na unidade, a ausência do profissional enfermeiro diante deste cuidado correlacionado com a medicalização presente no modelo do setor da saúde. Além disso, foi evidente a falta da atuação multiprofissional neste cenário. A maneira como as mulheres são acolhidas e tratadas influenciam no decorrer da recuperação e os profissionais de saúde precisam estar preparados para a assistência humanizada e holística.
CONTRIBUIÇÃO DO PROJETO DE EXTENSÃO UNIVERSITÁRIA “FORMANDO SORRISOS” PARA A FORMAÇÃO DO ESTUDANTE DE ODONTOLOGIA
Authors: Paiva Daniel Felipe Fernandes , Beatriz de Freitas Lira Karla , Campos Pinheiro Juliana , Gomes da Silva Gabriel , Amorim Araújo Matheus , Cavalcante de Sousa Lucas
Published: July 2020

Introdução: Os projetos de extensão universitária apresentam grande importância para os estudantes e para a sociedade como um todo, uma vez que possibilitam uma reflexão crítica nos indivíduos, a fim de integrar os conhecimentos acadêmicos à sociedade. O projeto Formando Sorrisos da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, promove atendimento odontológico aos estudantes da instituição que sejam caracterizados como vulneráveis socioeconomicamente; durante as atividades os pacientes são constantemente instruídos sobre cuidados orais e incentivados a levar as práticas às suas residências, configurando-se um vetor inicial para prevenção de agravos orais. Objetivo: Relatar a contribuição do projeto na formação do estudante de Odontologia. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo do tipo relato de experiência com base na rotina clínica existente no projeto de extensão referido desde a recepção dos pacientes até a finalização de seus tratamentos odontológicos. Resultados: A experiência nas diferentes atividades do projeto possibilita aos estudantes um olhar mais integral do paciente. A vivência clínica desde cedo na graduação auxilia ao aluno um maior entendimento sobre a Odontologia, motivando-o em relação ao curso, facilitando o aprendizado e contribuindo para a formação profissional. Conclusões: As atividades desenvolvidas pelo projeto contribuem para a formação acadêmica do estudante de Odontologia e proporciona aos estudantes universitários atendimento odontológico de qualidade e em horários flexíveis.
Review on Synthesis of Bio-active Coumarin-fused Heterocyclic Molecules
Authors: Patel Geetika , Banerjee Subhash
Published: July 2020

The literature survey reveals that the individual coumarin and heterocyclic
molecules have biological and pharmaceutical activities. Moreover, integrated coumarinfused
heterocyclic compounds have shown interesting biological and physiochemical
properties and thus, designing and development of coumarin-fused heterocyclic molecules
are of great interest in the field of synthetic organic chemistry. Several coumarin-fused
heterocyclic molecules have been synthesized by using different strategies such as multistep
method, one-pot multi-component protocol, coupling and condensation method. The
wide applications of integrated coumarin-fused heterocyclic molecules stimulated interest
among researchers to develop different methodologies for the synthesis of novel fused
molecules. As a consequence, several research articles, papers and review articles have been published in the
literature. In this review article, we have presented various methods for the synthesis of different class of
coumarin-fused heterocyclic molecules and their applications in chemical, optical, pharmaceutical and other
useful applications.
Osthole: A Multifunctional Natural Compound with Potential Anticancer, Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Activities
Authors: Zafar Saba , Sarfraz Iqra , Rasul Azhar , Shah Muhammad Ajmal , Hussain Ghulam , Zahoor Muhammad Kashif , Shafiq Nusrat , Riaz Ammara , Selamoglu Zeliha , Sarker Satyajit D.
Published: July 2020

Nature has always proved to be a significant reservoir of bioactive scaffolds that have been
used for the discovery of drugs since times. Medicinal plants continue to be a solid niche for biologically
active and therapeutically effective chemical entities, opening up new avenues for the successful
treatment of several human diseases. The contribution of plant-derived compounds to drug discovery,
either in their original or in the semi-synthetic derivative form, extends far back in time. This review
aims to focus on the sources, biological, and pharmacological profile of a pharmacologically active
plant-derived coumarin, osthole, which is an important component of numerous remedial plants such
as Cnidium monnieri. Several studies have revealed that osthole possess pharmacological properties
such as anticancer, antioxidant, anti-hyperglycemic, neuroprotective, and antiplatelet. Osthole has been
reported to regulate various signaling pathways, which in turn modulate several apoptosis-related proteins,
cell cycle regulators, protein kinases, transcriptional factors, cytokines, and growth receptors
affiliated with inflammation, proliferation and several other ailments. Osthole is known to halt proliferation
and metastasis of cancerous cells by arresting the cell cycle and inducing apoptosis. The data in
this review paper supports the pharmacological potential of osthole but further experimentation,
biosafety profiling and synergistic effects of this compound need to be focused by the researchers to
understand the full spectrum of pharmacological potential of this therapeutically potent compound.
Evaluating Mortality Rate and Associated Parameters in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Gheini Alireza , Pooria Ali , Pourya Afsoun
Published: July 2020

Background:

Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is one of the leading causes of mortality
worldwide and is characterized by unstable angina or acute myocardial infarction. The aim of this
study is to evaluate the clinical characteristics of patients who died of ACS.

Methods:

In this cross-sectional study, 1000 patients presenting ACS were included. Data and
records of these patients were evaluated for parameters such as; deceased status, age, gender,
diagnosis, ECG, common complaints, associated risk factors, Killip class, pulse, blood pressure,
geographic setup (urban or rural), complications and season in which the disease was presented.
Statistical analysis was performed on the data obtained using SPSS-win software.

Results:

The mortality rate among ACS patients in our study was 7.1%. Of these patients, AMI was
the most prevalent diagnosis and chest pain was the most common complaint. Furthermore, low
blood pressure, advanced age, increased pulse rate and fall/winter season were associated with the
increased risk of mortality. ST deviation was the most seen ECG finding and most of the mortalities
were within the 24 hours of admission.

Conclusion:

Our study reports risk factors associated with mortality in ACS patients. Advanced and
timely therapeutic measurements are likely to reduce the incidence of mortality in these patients.
Análisis comparativo de camas de combustibles forestales en un ecosistema de manglar
Authors: Barrios-Calderón Romeo de Jesús , Infante Mata Dulce , Flores-Garnica José Germán , Jozeph de Jong Bernardus Hendricus , Monzón Alvarado Claudia , Maza Villalobos Méndez Susana
Published: July 2020

La evaluación del complejo de combustibles forestales en bosques y selvas constituye un avance de suma importancia para la predicción, análisis y control de incendios forestales. Con el objetivo de caracterizar las camas de combustibles forestales en los manglares del sistema de humedales El Castaño, en la Reserva de la Biosfera La Encrucijada, Chiapas, se aplicaron mediciones en campo y técnicas de análisis de datos relacionales. Con ello se calcularon algunos índices para la estructura y composición de las camas de combustibles forestales. Se cuantificó la biomasa de combustibles vivos empleando ecuaciones alométricas; los combustibles muertos se evaluaron aplicando la técnica de intersecciones planares. En este estudio se definieron camas de combustibles forestales en cuatro tipos de manglar, siendo Rhizophora mangle y Laguncularia racemosa las especies más importantes en términos de dominancia. Los combustibles de dosel en el manglar de R. mangle presentaron las cargas más altas de biomasa (266.67 t ha-1 + 39.58 t ha-1). Para los combustibles muertos, se observaron diferencias en la carga de 10 h, siendo mayor en el manglar de L. racemosa (17.21 t ha-1 + 1.11 t ha-1), lo cual representa mayor potencial para la propagación del fuego en periodos de sequía y alta temperatura. No se observaron diferencias en la carga total de combustibles muertos, por lo tanto, los cuatro tipos de manglar evaluados tienen la misma capacidad de acumular biomasa muerta. Los resultados obtenidos son fundamentales para definir el peligro de incendios.
The Influence of the Lists of Virtues and Vices in the Jewish Literature of the First Century
Authors: Padilla José David
Published: July 2020

Biblical texts were part of a broader literary context. Indeed, the Greco-Roman literature influenced of the first century the intertestamental literature and other Jewish Apocryphal books. One of these influences was the lists of virtues and vices from the popular philosophical schools of the time. These lists presented a group of attitudes and behaviors that should be applied or rejected for the proper functioning of society. Different Jewish groups of the Second Temple Period adapted such lists to their teachings, presenting, in a concise manner, those attitudes that did not correspond to their vocation, as well as confirming the morality proper of the “people of the covenant.”
Antimicrobial Efficacy of Acidified Peroxyacetic Acid Treatments Against Surrogates for Enteric Pathogens on Prerigor Beef
Authors: Britton Brianna C. , Geornaras Ifigenia , Reagan James O. , Mixon Stephen , Woerner Dale R. , Belk Keith E.
Published: July 2020

Two studies were conducted to evaluate the antimicrobial effects of pH-adjusted solutions of peroxyacetic acid (PAA) against nonpathogenic Escherichia coli surrogates for Shiga toxin–producing E. coli and Salmonella, inoculated on beef. In both studies, prerigor beef carcass surface tissue (10 × 10 cm pieces) was inoculated (6–7 log colony-forming units [CFU]/cm2) on the adipose side with a 5-strain mixture of E. coli biotype I. In the first study, samples were left untreated (control) or were immersed (10 s) in solutions of PAA (300 parts per million [ppm]) acidified with a sulfuric acid and sodium sulfate blend (SSS) (pH 1.2) or PAA (400 ppm) acidified with acetic acid (2%), citric acid (1%), lactic acid (3.5%), or SSS (pH 1.2 or pH 1.8). In the second study, samples were left untreated or were spray treated (10 s) using a spray cabinet, with water, PAA (350 ppm or 400 ppm), PAA (350 ppm or 400 ppm) acidified with SSS (pH 1.2), or PAA (400 ppm) acidified with acetic acid (2%). All immersion treatments effectively (P < 0.05) reduced inoculated E. coli populations (6.2 log CFU/cm2) by 2.3 to 2.8 log CFU/cm2. When the test solutions were applied by spraying, the water and all PAA-containing treatments lowered inoculated populations (6.4 log CFU/cm2) by 0.4 (P ≥ 0.05) and 1.7–1.9 (P < 0.05) log CFU/cm2, respectively. No (P ≥ 0.05) differences in decontamination efficacy were observed between the 5 PAA-containing spray treatments. Overall, the results showed that PAA and the pH-adjusted PAA treatments were effective in reducing levels of the surrogates for Shiga toxin–producing E. coli and Salmonella. Although no differences in antimicrobial efficacy were noted between the nonacidified and acidified PAA treatments immediately after treatment application, further studies are needed to evaluate how the acidified PAA treatments perform as part of a sequential multi-hurdle decontamination strategy to reduce pathogen contamination on beef carcasses.
Discourse 8-D Thinking as the Object of Research and Training
Authors: Oukhvanova Irina
Published: July 2020

The article rooted in the tradition of Discourse Linguistics deals with the  8-dimension model of discourse organization and production discussed with reference to three key sources: (1) the Tartu Semiotic School with its focus on the notion of semiosphere (Yuri Lotman) as a ground for revealing the semiosis of communicative signs in functioning; (2) the Causal-Genetic Approach to discourse modelling (Irina Oukhvanova / Oukhvanova-Shmygova) as a  ground for reconstructing and classifying the  causes of the  inherent discourse elements production open to become constructive elements of discourse on micro, meso, and macrolevels of its functioning, and (3) the approach to discourse organization built in the field of Discourse Linguistics  / la linguistique du discours (Dominique Maingueneau) as a ground for linguistic approaches to discourse analysis. All three approaches being unique but overlapping and open to integration can work as a holistic ground for a  joint theoretical model to be applied as a  tool for collecting and organizing qualitative data for multipurpose discourse research and for training researchers to forming skills of processing qualitative data. The author visualises such a  model by finding its own meaningful space and functional meaning for each of 8 inherent elements of discourse no matter which representations it takes. It makes the elements categorised as discourse atomic characteristics, and the model as a translevelled classification of discourse elements. The article also suggests a  discussion on educational research discourse and within its framework training young researchers to visualise and interpret some of the  atomic characteristics of discourse for applying them in production of academic and professional types of discourses.
Materialidades afectantes, memorias reflexivas y ensayos performáticos. Movilización de saberes encarnados en la universidad
Authors: Citro Silvia Viviana , Rodríguez Manuela
Published: July 2020

Como investigadoras y docentes universitarias, nos interesa indagar sobre la capacidad de agencia y reflexividad que deviene de nuestras corporalidades. Así, ensayamos metodologías transdisciplinares de performance-investigación, basadas en la exploración performática y la reflexividad sociocrítica. En primer lugar, realizamos una reseña crítica de los patrones ontológicos, epistémicos y políticos de la modernidad/colonialidad que llevaron a invisibilizar y silenciar las corporalidades sensibles y en movimiento en las ciencias sociales y humanas. Luego, analizamos las principales propuestas didácticas de performance-investigación que hemos desplegado: a) la indagación desde las materialidades afectantes provocadoras; b) el ejercicio de la memoria encarnada y la reflexividad analítica sobre las propias experiencias vividas y genealogías; y c) los ensayos performáticos colectivos del imaginar-desear. Nuestra hipótesis es que la apertura a ensayar articulaciones situadas y críticas de estas diversas modalidades posee un peculiar potencial para movilizar procesos de reflexión sobre los saberes encarnados, así como micropolíticas de agenciamiento que propicien su transformación y expansión hacia un horizonte decolonial.
Upaya Pengendalian Malaria Dalam Rangka Pre-Eliminasi di Kabupaten Garut: Sebuah studi kualitatif
Authors: Astuti Endang Puji , Ipa Mara , Ginanjar Aryo , Wahono Tri
Published: July 2020

Indonesia is one of the malaria-endemic countries commits to eliminate malaria in 2030. The implementation of malaria control program policy is a determinant to achieve the goal. This research was qualitative that described the implementation of malaria control program policy in Garut Regency, West Java Province. The data collected through in-depth interviews and documents’ review. The implementation of malaria control had referred to guidelines from the Ministry of Health, Republic of Indonesia. This control was also technically adjusted to regional conditions. Case detection of malaria was conducted such as a mass blood survey, rapid diagnostic tests and a microscopic laboratory test both passive and active. The malaria case surveillance has already accomplished. However, the vector was left. The malaria vector control focused on the distribution of insecticide-treated nets and the insecticide spray by the Indoor Residual Spraying (IRS) technique. The analysis indicated that the cross-program cooperation at the central government was well coordinated. However, at the level of the district, this cooperation has to be tightened. Moreover, malaria control budget was still the under district level, so that controlling malaria program did not cover all aspects of the implementation.

Abstrak

Indonesia sebagai salah satu negara endemis malaria, berkomitmen melakukan eliminasi di tahun 2030. Implementasi kebijakan program pengendalian malaria menjadi determinan keberhasilan eliminasi. Tujuan penelitian ini memberikan gambaran pelaksanaan program pengendalian malaria di Kabupaten Garut, Provinsi Jawa Barat. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara mendalam pada pengelola Program Penanggulangan Malaria serta telaah dokumen dan data dianalisis secara kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kebijakan pelaksanaan program pengendalian malaria di Kabupaten Garut, Provinsi Jawa Barat sudah merujuk pada pedoman Kementerian Kesehatan RI, secara teknisnya disesuaikan dengan kondisi wilayah. Penemuan penderita dilakukan secara pasif maupun aktif melalui Mass Blood Survey (MBS), dengan pemeriksaan menggunakan Rapid Diagnostic Test (RDT) dan laboratorium secara mikroskopis, Surveilans yang dilakukan oleh Puskesmas hanya terfokus pada surveilans kasus dan belum dilakukan surveilans vektor malaria. Pengendalian vektor malaria yang dilakukan berupa pembagian kelambu dan penyemprotan insektisida dengan metode Indoor Residual Spraying (IRS).  Kerjasama lintas program berjalan dengan baik, namun kerjasama lintas sektor terutama pada tingkat kabupaten masih perlu dilakukan dan ditingkatkan. Pembiayaan program pengendalian malaria hanya dari pemerintah daerah dan belum dapat mengakomodir kegiatan pengendalian secara keseluruhan.
Arterial Stiffness Predicts Mortality in Individuals With Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Tynjälä Anniina , Forsblom Carol , Harjutsalo Valma , Groop Per-Henrik , Gordin Daniel
Published: July 2020

OBJECTIVE

Type 1 diabetes is accompanied by a significant burden of cardiovascular disease (CVD), which is poorly explained by traditional risk factors. We therefore aimed to explore whether arterial stiffness estimated by the augmentation index (AIx) predicts mortality in individuals with type 1 diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

After baseline examination comprising pulse wave analysis by applanation tonometry alongside assessment of traditional cardiovascular risk factors, 906 individuals with type 1 diabetes from the Finnish Diabetic Nephropathy (FinnDiane) Study were followed up for a median of 8.2 years (interquartile range 5.7–9.7). Associations between baseline hemodynamics, including AIx, and all-cause mortality as well as a composite of cardiovascular and/or diabetes-related mortality were investigated using multivariable Cox regression models.

RESULTS

The 67 individuals who died during follow-up had higher baseline AIx (median 28% [interquartile range 21–33] vs. 19% [9–27]; P < 0.001) compared with those alive. This association was independent of conventional risk factors (age, sex, BMI, HbA1c, estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR], and previous CVD event) in Cox regression analysis (standardized hazard ratio 1.71 [95% CI 1.10–2.65]; P = 0.017) and sustained in a subanalysis of individuals with chronic kidney disease. Similarly, higher AIx was associated with the composite secondary end point of cardiovascular and diabetes-related death (N = 53) after adjustments for sex, BMI, eGFR, previous CVD event, and height (standardized hazard ratio 2.30 [1.38–3.83]; P = 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS

AIx predicts all-cause mortality as well as a composite cardiovascular and/or diabetes-related cause of death in individuals with type 1 diabetes, independent of established cardiovascular risk factors.
KAJIAN PERLINDUNGAN E-PAYMENT BERBASIS QR-CODE DALAM E-COMMERCE
Authors: Manurung Evelyn Angelita pinondang , Lestari Eka Ayu Purnama
Published: July 2020

Pesatnya perkembangan industri digital saat ini memberikan pengaruh besar pada kemajuan terhadap industri global di Indonesia. Tentu banyak pihak yang terlibat dalam industri digital tersebut. Manfaat internet saat ini dirasakan hampir di setiap segmen aktifitas manusia.  Salah satu aktifitas bisnis masyarakat yang berkembang saat ini adalah perdagangan online, atau populer disebut dengan Electronic Commerce.Untuk mendukung aktifitas e-commerce diperlukan adanya suatu sistem pembayaran berbasis internet (internet payment system). Saat ini yang berkembang di beberapa Marketplace telah menggunakan metode/sistem QR-Code (Quick Response Code) sebagai metode pembayarannya. Metode tersebut terbukti efisien dalam efektifitas transaksi e-commerce. Namun muncul juga polemik dalam masyarakat mengenai metode QR-Code. Untuk melakukan pembayaran dengan metode QR-Code masyarakat harus melek teknologi dan mengerti tentang penerapan dan fungsinya. Saat ini masyarakat terlena dengan kemudahan yang ditawarkan perusahaan e-commerce dengan metode pembayaran QR-Code tanpa mengerti dan memahami keamanan/perlindungan hukum tentang metode QR-Code yang jelas.Dengan adanya suatu kajian tentang perlindungan terhadap sistem pembayaran elektronik berbasis QR-Code diharapkan konsumen e-commerce dan masyarakat Indonesia pada umumnya mengerti bagaimana penerapan metode pembayaran tersebut dan keamanan metode pembayaran tersebut dalam memberi perlindungan bagi konsumen e-commerce.
“The game is afoot”: Sherlock Holmes, hermeneutics and collaborative writing
Authors: Middleton Rowan
Published: July 2020

Sir Arthur Conan Doyle’s Sherlock Holmes stories involve a hermeneutic game in which Holmes attempts to uncover the mystery of unsolved crime. The work of Hans-Georg Gadamer enables Holmes’s methods to be seen as both playful and creative as he seeks to understand what G. K. Chesterton refers to as the poetry of the modern world. Holmes is therefore a creative and scientific detective, one who loses himself in the game of detection in order to find himself in the search for truth in the wider world. Through the agency of Dr Watson, the reader is invited to join the game and attempt to work out the solution to the mystery as the narrative unfolds before them. Peter Hühn’s work on the detective as reader and writer is extended in relation to the work of understanding and creation carried out by authors who add new works to the genre of Holmesian fiction. This process is explored in the context of two playful writing workshops in which participants passed the opening of a piece of Holmesian fiction they had written to another participant to continue, before sharing the results with the group. Hans Robert Jauss’s ideas about genre and other perspectives on reimagining Holmes help contextualize the strategies used by participants, while Gadamer’s conception of the festive enables insights into the communal processes of creation and understanding.
Leaf and Petiole Micro-Anatomical Diversities in Some Selected Nigerian Species ofCombretumLoefl.: the Significance in Species Identification at Vegetative State
Authors: Akinsulire Opeyemi Philips , Oladipo Olaniran Temitope , Akinkunmi Oluwabunmi Christy , Adeleye Oladipo Ebenezer , Adelalu Kole Fredrick
Published: July 2020

Leaf and petiole samples of fourCombretumLoefl. species which were identified in the Herbarium (IFE) were investigated anatomically in search of stable taxonomic micro-anatomical attributes to improve our knowledge of identification of members of the genus. Anatomical characters; in particular, upper and lower cuticles and epidermal structures, fibre structures, vascular architectures, petiolar outlines and trichome micro-morphology are good taxonomic tools to identify the taxa. The invariable uniseriate to multiseriate upper and lower epidermis; the absence of trichome in the petiole and the presence of branched trichome in the mid-rib region ofC. zenkeriP. Beauv delimit the taxa. Variations in vascular architectures can be used to identify the taxa while some other anatomical features in the genus suggest great taxonomic affinities. However, the artificial key, which was constructed using stable taxonomic characters, is a reliable taxonomic tool for proper identification of the four species and which can as well be employed in separating each of the taxa from their close relatives. A detailed micro-anatomical study of leaf and petiole structures of the NigerianCombretumspecies may provide an invaluable tool for determination and identification of the four taxa studied, thereby assisting in promoting quality assurance in the genus.
Development in PTA Surface Modifications – A Review
Authors: Łatka L. , Biskup P.
Published: July 2020

Surface modification is one of the most intensively studied issue of technology, which is related to the almost all branches of industry. Since more than 100 years the huge number of methods has been developed and are still in growth. On this field the plasma transferred arc (PTA) hardfacing and surfacing is one of the most frequently used group of the method. The development of this method is going in three ways: (i) modification of the classic technique and the equipment, (ii) development in new materials, especially with the nanometric size and (iii) replacement dangerous materials (e.g. high cobalt alloys). In the current article the state of the art as well as the development directions of the plasma hardfacing issues are described.