bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Correlation of the Neck Circumference with Blood Pressure
Authors: Makaju Sarbada , Chaudhary Sonam , Alam Munna
Published: February 2019

Background: The growing epidemic of hypertension owing to physical inactivity and dietary modification is a global burden. The obesity which acts as a pre-disposing factor for blood pressure can be measured with neck circumference (NC) as well. Thus, the aim of this study is to find out the relation between the components of blood pressure and the neck circumference. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on 1000 Nepalese individuals in Manipal Teaching Hospital, Manipal College of Medical Sciences and surrounding locality after getting the ethical clearance. The age range for participants were between 30-60 years from both genders. The systolic and diastolic components of blood pressure (SBP, DBP) with and without the history of anti-hypertensive medication and the neck circumferences of the participants were taken in consideration.  The data were analyzed with SPSS 20 version. Results: The male occupied 76.4% and the rest were female. The total mean of SBP and DBP were comparatively more in male [123.24±11.11mmHg; 83.08±8.24mmHg] than in female. The maximum numbers of participants taking anti hypertensive drugs [AHD] in male and female were age range between 35-44 and 45-54 respectively. The total mean of NC is more in male (38.08±2.46 cm) than in female. The NC had weak positive correlation with SBP and DBP. This correlation was more positive with DBP in female participants under medication which was statistically significant (p<0.05). Conclusions: The NC shows the positive correlation with the components of blood pressure. This correlation is comparatively more with DBP in female taking anti-hypertensive drugs.
A new hybrid approach for reliability-based design optimization of structural components
Authors: Demirci Emre , Yıldız Ali Rıza
Published: February 2019

Reliability-based design optimization (RBDO) is an effective method for structural optimization due to its ability to take into consideration uncertainties in design variables. Performance measure approach (PMA) based methods are commonly utilized to evaluate the probabilistic constraints of RBDO problems. The advanced mean value (AMV) method is a very commonly used due to its simpleness and effectiveness. However, the AMV method sometimes produces unstable and inefficient results for concave and highly nonlinear limit-state functions. In order to improve robustness and efficiency, many methods have been developed, for example, chaos control based and conjugate gradient-based methods. These methods lead to more stable results as compared with the AMV approach but they are inefficient for use in complex and convex limit-state functions. The RBDO of structural components is often a difficult issue due to complicated constraints. In this paper, a novel hybrid approach, referred to as “hybrid gradient analysis (HGA)” is introduced for the evaluation of both convex and concave constraint functions in RBDO. The HGA method combines AMV and conjugate gradient analysis (CGA). The robustness, simpleness and effectiveness of the proposed HGA method are compared with various PMA methods aimed at reliability such as AMV, chaos control (CC), conjugate mean value (CMV), modified chaos control (MCC), hybrid mean value (HMV) and CGA methods by means of several nonlinear convex/concave limit-state functions and structural RBDO problems. Reliability analysis and RBDO results point out that the HGA approach introduced here is more effective and robust than the well-known approaches.
Investigation of the microstructure of dissimilar welds in duplex stainless steel and low alloyed steel
Authors: Mitelea Ion , Uţu Ion Dragoş , Karancsi Olimpiu , Urlan Sorin Dumitru , Crăciunescu Corneliu Marius
Published: February 2019

The chemical and microstructural heterogeneities of arc welded joints of duplex stainless steel (X2CrNiMoN22-5-3) and chromium-molybdenum (13CrMo4-5) low alloy steel have been investigated. Rutile coated electrodes containing chromium and molybdenum amounts similar to that of duplex stainless steel but with a higher nickel content have been selected for the manual welding of the joints. The higher nickel content has been chosen, since nickel promotes the formation of austenite and induces an approximately equal proportion of ferrite and austenite in the weld. At the interface between the low alloyed steel and the weld metal as well as in the cross section of the weld metal, chemical and microstructural variations have been determined.
Effect of weld parameters on the microstructure and mechanical properties of dissimilar friction stir joints between pure copper and the aluminum alloy AA7075-T6
Authors: Cakan Ahmet , Ugurlu Mustafa , Kaygusuz Emre
Published: February 2019

Friction stir welding frequently produces a superior microstructure and mechanical properties than conventional methods for welding nonferrous materials and alloys. In this study, friction stir welding was used to join sheets of the aluminum alloy AA7075 with commercially pure copper cpCu. Two rotational speeds, 660 and 920 rpm, and three welding speeds, 18, 32 and 54 mm × min−1, were studied to determine the effects of these parameters on the structure and mechanical properties of friction stir welded AA7075-cpCu. The joint performance was investigated by conducting optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), by microhardness measurements and mechanical testing (e. g. tensile tests). A maximum tensile strength of 224 MPa and percentage elongation of 2.49 were obtained when friction stir welding process parameters, namely rotational speed and welding speed, were kept at 660 rpm and 32 mm × min−1, respectively.
MICROSCOPÍA HOLOGRÁFICA DIGITAL APLICADA A LA
DETECCIÓN DE MICROORGANISMOS MÓVILES
DIGITAL HOLOGRAPHIC MICROSCOPY FOR MOTILE
MICROORGANISMS DETECTION
Authors: Monaldi A.C. , Romero G.G. , Alanís E.E. , Curkovic G.J.
Published: February 2019

In this work, the implementation of Digital Holographic Microscopy for detection of microorganisms in blood is
proposed. Some hemoparasites, like Filaria and Trypanosoma Cruzi, can be identified in blood samples by their
movement, which is oscillatory and propagates throughout the sample. Particularly, this behavior is considered
for the T. Cruzi parasite movement characterization. By comparing two consecutive holograms, a final image of
the vision field in which the parasite presence becomes evident is attained. The experimental set-up design for
Digital Holographic Microscopy implementation is described and a discussion about the influence of the
parameters required for holographic image quality is presented. The results obtained by different numerical
reconstruction methods are compared.
INFLUENCIA DEL SIGNO DEL INDICE DE REFRACCION EN LA
REFLECTIVIDAD DE UNA SUPERFICIE CON UNA RUGOSIDAD
LOCALIZADA
Authors: Grünhut Vivian , Depine Ricardo A.
Published: February 2019

To study the scattering properties of metamaterials, we generalize two scattering methods developed
for conventional (non-magnetic) isotropic materials to the case of materials with arbitrary values
(positive or negative) of magnetic permeability and electric permittivity. The generalized methods
are used to study the changes produced in the reflectivity of a metamaterial surface with localized
roughness when the relative refractive index changes sign. Our results show that, unlike what
happens in the case of a plane surface whose reflectivity is unaffected by the change of sign of the
relative refractive index, in rough surfaces the change of sign is manifested in their reflectivity, even
for very low roughness, particularly in observation directions away from the specular direction.
Assessment of water quality and state of waterbasins of different types from characteristics of benthic animal communities
Authors: Balushkina E.V.
Published: February 2019

Studies on waterbasins of different type have shown the impact of eutrophication and pollution by toxic and organic matter on the structural and functional characteristics of zoobenthos. A major factor determining quantitative development of non-predatory zoobenthos in lakes is, undoubtedly, the level of development of primary producers. Relationship of zoobenthos biomass and primary production is particularly pronounced in shallow lakes. Analysis of relationship of zoobenthos with abiotic and biotic factors in shallow hyperhaline lakes of Crimea has shown that the most significant parameters determining the values of biomass of macrozoobenthos were salinity and primary production, second in significance were oxygen concentration and depth. The changes in structure and quantitative characteristics of benthic communities of the Neva River estuary occur under impact of a complex combination of organic and toxic pollution. For the assessment of water quality and state of ecosystem in the Neva River estuary we used IP' integrated index specially devised by us for water-bodies and watercourses of north-western Russia. It is based on structural parameters of zoobenthic communities and makes it possible to take into consideration pollution with toxic and organic substances. On average the water quality of the Neva Bay judging from IP' values was relatively stable during 1982–2014. It was assessed as “polluted” with exception for abnormality in 2006 (“polluted–dirty”) caused by large-scale dredging work. As a result of stronger pollution, species diversity of benthic animals in the Resort District of the eastern part of the Gulf of Finland is lower than in the Neva Bay.
The lipid content in organs and tissues of fish found in lake contaminated by mining wastes
Authors: Vasil’eva O.B. , Nazarova M.A. , Nemova N.N.
Published: February 2019

For several years in Institute of Biology of the Karelian Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences carried out monitoring studies state fish fauna of Lake Kostomuksha (Karelia, Russia), which is the burial of technogenic waste materials of Kostomuksha ore dressing mill. The activity of the enterprise has led to a change in the basic physical and chemical characteristics of the water: high mineralization and increased turbidity in Lake Kostomuksha. Comparative analysis of contents of lipids and fatty acids in tissues pike, roach and whitefish from the two points (Lake Kostomuksha (experimental) and Lake Kamennoe (control))was conducted to determine the effect of mining wastes on the biochemical status of fishes. According to lipids analysis, pike was the most resistant to anthropogenic influence among the studied species of fishes. This result is explained by the peculiarities of ecology pike: pike, unlike the roach and whitefish, belongs to a higher order of the consuments. Possibly, in the evolution of this species formed special adaptive mechanisms, including at the biochemical level, allowing more plastic to adapt to changing environmental conditions. The most pronounced difference in the content of lipids and fatty acids found in fish liver, it may be connected by a high metabolic activity of this organ. Change in the content of lipid components in the gills and kidneys of fishes in the mining water was likely to be associated with the regulation of the osmotic pressure and the maintenance of ion exchange of fishes under conditions of high mineralization of tailing. The muscles of fish less vulnerable to the toxic effects. The degree of modification of the studied parameters was depended on influence of highly technological enterprises and waste is a specific and tissue-specific in nature.
Study of dependence between microstructure and chemical composition of A32, D32, E32 grades steels at bending tests
Authors: Ryabicheva L. A. , Velikotskii R. E.
Published: February 2019

Meeting the high requirements to the whole complex of mechanical characteristics is the main criteria of reliability and long service life of shipbuilding steels. To determine them it is necessary to apply modern methodologies of metal science analysis. Revelation of regularity of influence of alloying, carbon equivalent, microstructure and production technology on results of bending test of low-alloyed grades А32, D32, Е32 shipbuilding steels was the purpose of the study. Production of steel, rolling, thermal treatment, mechanical tests and metal science studies of the low-alloyed shipbuilding steels was made in Alchevsk steel-works. A quantity estimation of the D32 grade sheets microstructure was made as a result of studies, having both satisfactory and not satisfactory results of bending tests. It was determined, that stitch oxides have the most negative influence on the results of bending tests for both hot-rolled and normalized sheets. Sheets with not satisfactory results of bending tests differ from those, which passed the tests by higher value of streakiness points, particular of perlite, and in normalized condition – by higher value of Widmanstatten pattern. Sheets, which did not passed the tests, have yield strength by 5–25 MPa and tensile strength by 14–39 MPa higher, while the tensile strength was by 1.2–4.8% lower. For stable yield in bending tests within 98–100% it is necessary the tensile strength level to be not less than 30%. It is reasonably all the sheets of 10–20 mm thick out of heats with carbon equivalent higher 0.54% to subject compulsory normalization. Further increase of the sheets product yield can be achieved by decreasing of phosphor mass share and increasing of general steel purity, first of all, by decreasing of oxide inclusions
Retrospective of legislation on the acquisition (purchase) of wild animals for the purpose of their maintenance and breeding in semi-free conditions or in captivity
Authors: Onishchenko O. Yu.
Published: February 2019

The purpose of the article is to analyze and thoroughly study the special legal literature and the legal and regulatory framework for the emergence and gradual formation of legislation in the field of obtaining (purchasing) wild animals for the purpose of their maintenance and breeding in semi-free conditions or in captivity.

The importance of the scientific article is indisputable, since the question of the formation and development of the legislative framework, through which becomes possible regulation of environmental relations in the field of acquisition (acquisition) of wild animals for the purpose of their maintenance and breeding in semi-free conditions or in captivity, is a complex historical and legal phenomenon, that has its own periodization.

In the scientific work the author objectively and thoroughly investigates the history of the process of formation, formation and formation of environmental legislation in the field of obtaining (purchasing) wild animals for the purpose of keeping and breeding in semi-free conditions or in captivity.

The author’s point of view is fair, according to which in Ukraine there is currently no effective system of normative legal acts, that ensure the proper regulation of the use and protection of wild animals, that are in a semi-free condition or in captivity. At the same time in order to preserve the diversity of wildlife and successfully restore their numbers it is necessary to have an effective and reliable national legal system, ecological and legal norms and regulations that would regulate the legal regime of wild animals in semi-free conditions or in captivity.

The key point is the author’s position, that the formation of a retrospective of legislation in the field of acquisition (purchase) of wild animals for the purpose of their maintenance and breeding in semi-free conditions or in captivity should be divided into four main periods: the ancient period, medieval period, the period of the influence of tsarist Russia and the Austro-Hungarian Empire on Ukrainian lands and the period of formation and development of legislation within the Soviet Union. In the conclusions the author summarizes the analysis of the development of environmental legislation in the field of acquisition (purchase) of wild animals for the purpose of their maintenance and breeding in semi-free conditions or in captivity.
The use of information technologies to predict and diagnose the psychological trauma of servicemen – combatants
Authors: Kolesnichenko O. S. , Gorelyshev S. A.
Published: February 2019

Based on the analysis of existing developments in the field of automation of psychological and psycho-physiological testing procedures, as well as own empirical studies of combat psychological trauma of servicemen – combatants, the authors within the scientific research “Development of Preventive Program of Post-Trauma Stress Disorders of Servicemen of the National Guard of Ukraine”, have offered own approach to the creation of the complex of automated methods for determining resistance to psychological trauma by the combat experience, presence / absence of the features of post-traumatic stress disorder, presence / absence of psychological trauma of the combat experience

The specified automated complex allows to get test results for each respondent in each method and to make complete characteristics of his mental health with the consequent possibility to convert textual information into a Microsoft Word document. Such a psycho-diagnostic testing document (profile) contains information about the respondent (last name, first name, middle name, group number), as well as numerous results of passing each psychological test (title, time, date, basic indicators) and their interpretation. If any test is failed, a record on its failure is made in the profile. While passing the main tests of the complex there is information in the profile about the type of psychological trauma of a person and the description.

The use of the automated psycho-diagnostic complex “Combat Psychological Trauma of Individuals” improves the accuracy, efficiency and effectiveness of the psychological work of psychologists of military units of the National Guard of Ukraine in assessing the level of psychological trauma by the combat experience. The practical component of the automated psycho-diagnostic complex is the formation of recommendations based on the obtained test results, with the determination of the possibility of servicemen further engagement to participate in combat operations.
1941 (pre-war half-year period): changes in the NKVD structure of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic
Authors: Grechenko V. A.
Published: February 2019

1941 is a landmark in the history of the world in the whole and Ukraine in particular. The absolute attention of the historical scientific community is concentrated on the events associated with the beginning of the Soviet-German war. Therefore, a very small number of publications is focused on the pre-war half-year period of 1941. However, the reorganization of the NKVD continued during this period aiming at adapting its activities to new tasks. The study of controversial pages of law enforcement agencies at this time is important for the reproduction of an objective picture of its activity, for the establishment of historical truth. The author of the publication has studied the transformations in the structure of the NKVD of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic during the first pre-war half-year period of 1941.
The structural changes in the NKVD of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic in the first half of 1941 have been researched for the first time; the leadership of the regional departments of the NKVD of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic in the mentioned period has been specified and summarized; provisions on the role and tasks of the units on combating banditism have gained further development.
It has been demonstrated that there were rather significant changes concerning the separation of the People’s Commissariat of Internal Affairs into two parts in the first half-year period of 1941 in the structure of the NKVD of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic in accordance with the model of the NKVD of the USSR. One of them had to deal directly with state security, and the creation of appropriate departments in the regions and districts. Transformations were also associated to the establishment of the Main Office for Combating Banditism and relevant departments and field offices. The essence of these changes has been analyzed; it has been demonstrated how new units of militia were created, in particular agencies on combating banditism. The data on the leadership of the NKVD of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic and its regional departments have been systematized; the functions of the People’s Commissariat of Internal Affairs, departments and divisions on combating banditism have been highlighted. The author believes that the intensification of attention on this issue was largely due to the mainstreaming the activities of the nationalist underground in Western Ukraine.
Concept and classification of powers of the Cyberpolice Department of the National Police of Ukraine
Authors: Bereza V. V.
Published: February 2019

The author of the article has outlined the etymology of the legal category of “powers”. Special attention has been focused on the fact that, revealing the essence of the powers of the Cyberpolice Department as a subject of counteraction to cybercrime, such concepts as “right” and “duty” can not be evaded. The author has made the conclusion about the interdependence of the terms of “powers” and “task”. It has been noted that the term of “powers of the Cyberpolice Department of Ukraine” did not receive its legislative consolidation.

The author has formulated own definition of the term of “powers of the Cyberpolice Department of the National Police”, which is offered to understand as the system of legal rights (measures of possible behavior) and legal obligations (measures of the necessary behavior) determined at the regulatory level, which the Department has in order to implement the law enforcement functions.

The key regulatory acts have been researched through the prism of the main powers of the Cyberpolice Department of the National Police. The classification of powers of the Cyberpolice Department of the National Police of Ukraine has been provided, taking into account the main areas of activity of the researched state authority. Among the main types of powers of the Cyberpolice Department the author has offered to distinguish the following: main (direct) and additional (derivatives); organizational, control and supervisory. The emphasis has been paid to the fact that non-fulfillment or improper performance of their duties or abuse of the law entails legal liability that can be applied to the subjects of the relevant legal relations, including the Cyberpolice Department of the National Police of Ukraine.
Organizational structure of a state agency: concept, typology and directions of application to the system of the National Police of Ukraine
Authors: Buhaichuk K. L.
Published: February 2019

The author of the paper has analyzed the general theoretical approaches to determining the content and characteristics of the organizational structures of state agencies; has formulated the key principles for the formation of organizational structures. Based on the research of scientific works on the theory of public administration, administrative law, management, public management, the author has formulated own definition of the concept of “organizational structure of the National Police of Ukraine”.

The author has offered to understand it as a set of interrelated positions, structural and separate units of the National Police, which constitutes a single system of units and levels of management, and is formed in order to accomplish the assigned tasks for the provision of police services and implementation of assigned powers. It is established by regulatory acts adopted by the authorized agencies (individuals) within their own competence in compliance with a specific procedure.

The routine activities of the National Police of Ukraine are carried out in strict order determined by the regulatory acts, are characterized by a high formality of management procedures, constant organizational relations, and therefore its organizational structure belongs to rigid (bureaucratic) type structures according to its characteristics.

If we consider the system of the National Police of Ukraine on the national scale, its organizational structure refers to the divisional type, since it contains relatively separate territorial and interterritorial units that have certain autonomy in exercising their activities and management decisions. If we consider organizational structures of the central apparatus, territorial and interterritorial agencies, then their structures belong to the linear and functional type.

The results obtained by the author are an integral part of the author’s research on the topic “Public management within the National Police of Ukraine” and can be used in carrying out similar fundamental and applied research in the field of optimization of management activities of state and law enforcement agencies.
Concept and features of entrepreneurial activity as an object of administrative and legal protection
Authors: Vasyliev V. M.
Published: February 2019

The article is devoted to the study of the category “entrepreneurial activity”, its definition in legal sense, as well as clarification of the legal nature and characteristics. On the basis of a comprehensive analysis of the existing national legislation, as well as systematization of scientific views on the establishment of the content and essence of entrepreneurial activity, the authorʼs definition of this type of socially useful economic activity is formulated.

Under the entrepreneurial activity it is proposed to understand the independent type of economic activity, which is carried out at its own risk and under its responsibility by the subjects of entrepreneurial activity (individuals and legal entities registered in the manner prescribed by law), which is systematic, initiative, lawful and innovative and aimed at obtaining personal income and public benefit.

The main and additional features that are characteristic of entrepreneurial activity in the conditions of modern development of the state economy and financial level of life of the society are determined and described. The main features of entrepreneurial activities include: systematic, innovative, risk-taking, initiative, full property liability, focus on personal profit, legality. To the optional (additional) features of entrepreneurial activity include: high degree of adaptability to existing socio-economic, political and legal conditions in the state, focus on achieving public economic results, substantiation, directness and mediation of such activities.

Generalized functions of entrepreneurial activity, through which the legal aspects of the content and features of this type of economic activity, are revealed.
The essence of legal components of economic risks
Authors: Yevdokimenko S. V.
Published: February 2019

This research is one of the first attempts in the Ukrainian legal science in determining the essence and features of legal components of economic risks taking into account the latest achievements of science. It has been emphasized that theoretical basis for determining the concept of “risk” is widely researched in the scientific literature, but the problem of legal components of the economic risks has been insufficiently highlighted.

The concept of “legal components of economic risks” has been defined; factors that actualized the problem of risks in Ukraine have been considered; and the features of the classification of economic risks according to legal components have been established.

It has been noted that the negative consequences of economic risks are unforeseen losses. From the point of view of legal risks, such consequences should be defined as losses (according to the Civil Code of Ukraine) or as the amount of caused damages (according to the Criminal Code of Ukraine). Administrative liability is also established depending on the amount of caused damage for different types of activities.

According to the author, the essence of legal components of economic risks is to determine the criteria for the delimitation of lawful and unlawful economic risk, the possibility of using the levers of legal influence in this regard, namely the establishment of the basis for a person’s liability for damage caused by a risky act. Legal components contain possible options of overcoming the consequences of risk situations, establish the threshold for criminal liability and punishment for economic crimes, depending on the caused damage.

On the basis of the analysis of the current legislation of Ukraine and generalization of the main provisions of the works of scholars, the author has made theoretical synthesis and has found a new solution to the scientific problem – the definition of the essence and features of legal components of economic risks related to liability in accordance with the legislation of Ukraine in order to overcome the consequences of risk situations for different types of activities depending on the amount of caused damage.
Tajdid Al-Nahw 'Inda Al-Lughawiyyin Al-'Arab
Authors: Milah Aang Saeful
Published: February 2019

لا يخفي أن قضية التراث تعد إحدى القضايا المفصلية في الفكر العربي؛ إذ إنها شغلت حيزا معتبرا في الجدال الفكري والنظري بين المفكرين العرب المعاصرين في المشرق والمغرب. ومدار الخلاف بينهم على مسألتين رئيستين: تتعلق الأولى بمشروعية البحث في التراث، أي السؤال عن جدوى وضرورة التفكير في التراث، وعن ضروب العلاقة التي يمكن أن تكون له بالحاضر ودوره في بناء المستقبل. وتتعلق الثانية بكيفية قراءة هذا التراث، والمناهج الكفيلة بتقديم القراءة الملائمة له. أما فيما يتصل بسؤال المشروعية، فقد انهتهى الأمر إلى التسليم بأن التعامل مع التراث أمر لا انفكاك عنه، لأن التراث حاضر فينا، وهو "جزء من انشغال الإنسان بذاته، بدراستها وبنائها."
Transporte público e mobilidade urbana: Determinantes do preço da tarifa de transporte público urbano por ônibus - um estudo do caso de Limeira/SP
Authors: Serafim Milena Pavan , Pinheiro Lissa Vasconcellos , Dibbern Thais Aparecida , Crespo Natasha Lais , Baia Priscila Martins , Leite Juliana Arruda , Noije Paulo Van
Published: February 2019

Este estudo buscou analisar a questão da mobilidade urbana, a partir dos determinantes do preço da tarifa de transporte público urbano (TPU) por ônibus, tendo como estudo de caso o município de Limeira/SP. Metodologicamente, foram realizadas revisão bibliográfica e pesquisa documental do tema proposto. Como resultados, verificou-se que, no caso brasileiro, a prestação do serviço de TPU por ônibus ocorre de forma indireta, por meio de concessão para a iniciativa privada. No modelo de financiamento do sistema, o usuário pagante costuma arcar com o valor de uma tarifa que é acrescida pelo ônus dos usuários não pagantes. A metodologia para o cálculo do preço da tarifa varia entre os municípios, dado que não há regulamentação para o uso de um modelo padrão. Dessa forma, foram levantadas as metodologias mais recorrentes na literatura, com especial atenção à metodologia de cálculo do Grupo de Estudos para Integração da Política de Transportes (GEIPOT), devido a sua utilização no município de Limeira/SP. Os determinantes do preço da tarifa de TPU por ônibus identificados foram: custos operacionais, subsídios extra-tarifários, gratuidades e benefícios aos usuários, vale-transporte, fatores estruturais, além de conflitos políticos e de interesse.
Leitura das cidades brasileiras: Segregação e espoliação urbanas
Authors: Souza Santos Matheus Henriqe
Published: February 2019

As cidades são o principal espaço de reprodução da humanidade na contemporaneidade, sendo também o espaço das conquistas, ou não, de seus sonhos e objetivos. Porém, o modelo de urbanização adotado pelas cidades capitalistas, inclusive no Brasil, não vem ao encontro de atender as demandas de sua sociedade, mas sim de propiciar a produção de excedente e acumulação de capital retroalimentando o próprio sistema. Harvey (2011) vai propor uma análise do desenvolvimento do capitalismo a partir das relações de sete esferas de atividades, podendo ser identificadas nas teorias de segregação urbana, de Flávio Villaça (2011) e de espoliação urbana, de Lúcio Kowarick (1979) acerca do contexto urbano no Brasil. O resultado é uma leitura analítica sobre as origens das desigualdades produzidas no espaço urbano no Brasil, identificando o papel do Estado em legitimar e garantir o desenvolvimento do capitalismo em detrimento de sanar as demandas sociais.
São Paulo e suas contradições: processos de expansão da cidade e segregação urbana
Authors: Leão Richard Douglas Coelho , Santos Matheus Henrique de Souza
Published: February 2019

O estudo em tela faz uma análise do processo de segregação urbana na cidade de São Paulo a partir do processo de construção histórica, devido a importância da capital paulista para a sociedade brasileira. Partindo de uma pesquisa bibliográfica sobre urbanização, processos históricos de mudança arquitetônica da cidade, espoliação e segregação urbana e de uma pesquisa de campo baseada em uma observação não-participante na capital paulista que produziu reflexões sobre a cidade, pôde-se perceber que o processo de mudança arquitetônica e o zoneamento da cidade acabam por promover e reproduzir a desigualdade social em seu espaço.
The impact of public interest in the information privacy: Analyze of the ECtHR Decisions
Authors: Xhafaj Jorida , Frakulli Almarin
Published: February 2019

The main object of this paper is the tender balance that exists and arises even more between the use of personal information that people provide in the course of most public security actions and privacy. This study analyze the most famous and strong related decision of the European Court of Human Rights, with the aim to give our opinion how has to be understand the barrier between the power of individuals over information and the power of public institutions to guaranties security.

The protection of personal data is of fundamental importance to a person’s enjoyment of his or her right to respect for private and family life, and how law allocates power over information in different countries, will give us the possibility to define the most important criteria’s which define the existence of abuse or not over personal data and information.
Topology Optimization Under Uncertainty by Using the New Collocation Method
Authors: Latifi Rostami Seyyed Ali , Ghoddosian Ali
Published: February 2019

In this paper, a robust topology optimization method presents that insensitive to the uncertainty in geometry. Geometric uncertainty can be introduced in the manufacturing variability. This uncertainty can be modeled as a random field. A memory-less transformation of random fields used to random variation modeling. The Adaptive Sparse Grid Collocation (ASGC) method combined with the geometry uncertainty models provides robust designs by utilizing already developed deterministic solvers. The proposed algorithm provides a computationally cheap alternative to previously introduced stochastic optimization methods based on Monte Carlo sampling by using the adaptive sparse grid method. The method is demonstrated in the design of a minimum compliance Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm (MBB) and cantilever beam as benchmark problems.
CPR performed in battlefield emergency care
Authors: Abelsson Anna , Lundberg Lars
Published: February 2019

IntroductionDuring military missions medical care is provided to military personnel as well as civilians. Although cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) may not be a common task in a military field hospital, all personnel need to be trained to deal with cardiac arrest.MethodsThis study was a comparative simulation study. Participants (n=36) from the Swedish armed forces performed CPR for 2 minutes at one of three different locations: at ground level, a military bed, or a transportable military stretcher. Compression depth and rate after 2 minutes of CPR and at the time of the participants’ own request to be relieved were measured. Descriptive and inferential analysis was conducted. ResultsThere is a direct correlation between compression depth and working level, concluding that the higher working level, the lower the compression depth. There is in total an overall low percentage of participants within limits for correctly conducted CPR regarding both compression depth and rate. Time to fatigue is related to working level, where increased level results in early fatigue. ConclusionThe quality of CPR is affected by the level at which it is performed. The quality of CPR was satisfactory when working at ground level, but suboptimal when working at hospital bed level or military stretcher level. When working at raised levels, participants appeared to misjudge their own compression depth and rate. This may indicate that changes are needed when CPR is practised in the military hospital setting. Future studies regarding the use footstools are required due to the height of military beds and transportable stretchers.
Understanding Complaints about Paramedics: A Qualitative Exploration in a Uk Context
Authors: Lucas Grace , Gallagher Ann , Zasada Magda , Austin Zubin , Jago Robert , Banks Sarah , van der Gaag Anna
Published: February 2019

Introduction

This research set out to understand the context and explore the reasons for the disproportionate number of complaints raised against paramedics to the United Kingdom professional regulator – the Health and Care Professions Council – relative to other health professions.

Methods

This paper reports on qualitative findings from one aspect of a mixed-methods study which included a case analysis, Delphi study and literature review. One-to-one semi-structured interviews conducted with 15 stakeholders drawn from practitioners, educators, representatives and regulators, and three focus groups held with 16 practitioners and service users were used to gain an in-depth understanding of the possible reasons for complaints about paramedic practice.

Results

Five themes were generated from a thematic analysis of the data: the impact of public perceptions and expectations; the challenges of day-to-day practice; the effect of increasingly pressurised services; the organisational and cultural climate which impacts paramedics’ work; and the evolving nature of the profession.

Conclusion

This study highlights the complex and changing nature of paramedic practice. It provides an insight into the ways in which the character, practice and environment of the profession contribute to a disproportionate number of complaints.
The Experience of Lower Back Pain and Its Treatment among ambulance officers in New Zealand: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Randhawa Sarkaw Mohammad , Hay-Smith Jean , Grainger Rebecca
Published: February 2019

Introduction

Paramedics have physically demanding jobs. Lower back pain is an occupation-related health condition that may cause difficulty with, or inability to, lift. Existing literature on lower back pain in paramedics is scant; no qualitative study specifically of lower back pain experiences or treatment was found. This qualitative study aimed to explore paramedics’ experience of chronic lower back pain, with a focus on their expectations of musculoskeletal treatment.

Methods

Nine paramedics (seven men, two women) who had sought chiropractic, physiotherapy, or osteopathy treatment for one or more episodes of chronic lower back pain, while working as a paramedic, were recruited from the national ambulance service. A general inductive qualitative approach was used and semi-structured interview data were thematically analysed.

Results

The core theme was ‘frustration’. For paramedics, frustration stemmed from the difficulties and delays finding a musculoskeletal practitioner who could ‘help’; the widespread experience of lower back pain among paramedics that apparently went unacknowledged; their inability to make alterations at work; their risk of re-injuring their back at any time; and concerns about their future and job insecurity because they might not be able to continue working as a paramedic in the future due to their lower back pain.

Conclusion

The experience of the nine New Zealand paramedics interviewed for this study was frustration due to difficulties and delays in finding the right provider of helpful treatment, and persistent uncertainty about their future. Participants wished that the industry had better and more explicit organisational processes for managing lower back pain at work, and supporting them to better back health and being fit for work.
Analisis Audit Operasional Atas Pemberian Kredit Pemilikan Rumah Pada Pt Bank Rakyat Indonesia (Persero) Tbk Kantor Cabang Panakukkang Di Kota Makassar
Authors: Lansa Hanade , Pua Rawi Rais Dera
Published: February 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pelaksanaan audit operasional atas prosedur pemberian kredit pemilikan rumah pada PT Bank Rakyat Indonesia (Persero) Tbk Kantor Cabang Panakukkang di Kota Makassar. Di dalam penelitian terdapat variabel yaitu Audit operasional atas prosedur pemberian kredit pemilikan rumah yang diukur dengan tingkat presentase (%). Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh karyawan pada PT Bank Rakyat Indonesia (Persero) Tbk Kantor Cabang Panakukkang di Kota Makassar sebanyak 35 orang, sedangkan sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah karyawan bagian pemberian kredit pada PT Bank Rakyat Indonesia (Persero) Tbk Kantor Cabang Panakukkang di Kota Makassar sebanyak 10 orang. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik kuesioner,wawancara, dokumentasi dan observasi. Analisis data dilakukan dengan teknik analisis deskriptif komperatif dan menggunakan rumus Champion. Dari hasil analisis data kuesioner atas variabel independen yang diajukan kepada 10 responden maka diperoleh jawaban “Ya” sebanyak 286 dan jawaban “Tidak” sebanyak 54. Berdasarkan analisis data maka diperoleh nilai Champion sebesar 84,12%. Dimana berdasarkan teori dengan skor tingkat persentase 76-100% dikualifikasikan “High association up to perpect association” yang artinya pelaksanaan audit operasional atas pemberian kredit pemilikan rumah yang dilaksanakan sesuai dengan kriteria tahapan audit operasional yang berlaku umum. Yang berarti bahwa hipotesis yang diajukan “Diduga bahwa pelaksanaan audit operasional atas pemberian kredit pemilikan rumah yang dilaksanakan belum sesuai dengan kriteria tahapan audit   operasional” ditolak.
Kontribusi Pajak Daerah Dan Retribusi Daerah Terhadap Pendapatan Asli Daerah Di Kabupaten Barru
Authors: Zulfikar Imam , Rahman Abdul
Published: February 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui besarnya kontribusi Pajak Daerah terhadap Pendapatan Asli Daerah di Kabupaten Barru, dan untuk mengetahui besarnya kontribusi Retribusi Daerah terhadap Pendapatan Asli Daerah di Kabupaten Barru, serta untuk mengetahui besarnya kontribusi Pajak Daerah dan Retribusi Daerah terhadap Pendapatan Asli Daerah di Kabupaten Barru. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh data penerimaan Pajak Daerah dan Retribusi Daerah di Kabupaten Barru, sedangkan sampelnya adalah data penerimaan Pajak Daerah dan Retribusi Daerah tahun 2013-2017. Adapun teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah dokumentasi dan wawancara, Selanjutnya data di analisis dengan menggunakan analisis persentase. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Kontribusi Pajak Daerah terhadap Pendapatan Asli Daerah di Kabupaten Barru tahun 2013-2017 tergolong kecil dengan nilai persentase 12,82% yang disebabkan oleh pengetahuan dan pemahaman para wajib pajak yang masih minim dan petugas pajak yang ditunjuk atau mengawasi dan menangani kurang maksimal yang di dukung pula dengan system pemungutan pajak yang menganut system self assesment. sementara Kontribusi Retribusi Daerah terhadap Pendapatan Asli Daerah di Kabupaten Barru tahun 2013-2017 tergolong kecil dengan nilai persentase 17,34% yang disebabkan oleh kurangnya penerimaan dari wajib Retribusi, serta sarana dan prasanana yang disediakan oleh pemerintah juga masih kurang sedangkan Kontribusi Pajak Daerah dan Retribusi Daerah terhadap Pendapatan Asli Daerah di Kabupaten Barru tahun 2013-2017 tergolong cukup dengan nilai persentase 30,06%.
Kearifan Lokal Masyarakat Nias dalam Mempertahankan Harmoni Sosial
Authors: Suwartiningsih Sri , Samiyono David
Published: February 2019

Abstract:Being a pluralist community, Nias consists of not only the Nias ethnic group but also other ethnic groups, such as Tionghoa (Chinese), Padang, Batak and Javanese. Social harmony within the community is like no other ever found in other regions across Indonesia. Indeed, social harmony amongst the Nias community has been a very much interesting social fact for research and analysis. Has some sort of local wisdom been exercised as a social capital to create the social harmony within the life of this religious-pluralist community? A research on this was conducted in Kota Gunungsitoli by applying the descriptive-qualitative research. The research shows that their local wisdom ofÂ BanuaÂ dan fatalifus/em>ta,Â Emali dome si so ba lala, ono luo na so yomo,Â Sebua taideide sideideide mutayaig/em>and the fact that religious communites in this region have strong understanding and emphasize on their religious values are matters that heavily influence both the creation and the preservation of the social harmony within the community.Â KeywordÂ :Social-harmony, Religious Pluralism, Cultural diversity, Nias, BanuaÂ dan fatalifus/em>ta
The Sharia-Based Understanding of Religious Freedom and Women's Rights in Conflict with the Secular Constitutional State
Authors: Schirrmacher Christine
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACT: The areas of conflict relating to the freedom of religion and womenâ€™s rights do not affect the majority of Muslims who practice their religion in Germany and, in the process, they do not clash with the constitutional state. This is also not a matter having to do with those theologians who take their justification for comprehensive religious freedom and equal rights for women from the Koran and, respectively, other normative sources of Islam. Rather, it has to do with those influential scholars who interpret the norms and commands of Islam in such a way that conflicts arise with the laws of a secular constitutional state. These scholars defend the view that the laws of the Sharia are prior to the norms of the secular constitutional state and are obligatory for all Muslims. At the present moment, the question of freedom of religion could be virtually understood as a topic which, in largely secularized Europe and for the religiously neutral state, possesses little relevance. To what extent do inner-Islamic standpoints interest the constitutional state on the question of religious freedom? For the constitutional state, it does not concern itself with the question of evaluating a religion and its doctrinal content. This also applies with respect to Islam. There, however, where actions are justified by religious convictions, or where they follow from them or are declared to be mandatory by influential religious opinion leaders, and where these actions infringe upon established law or limit the basic rights of individuals, the state and its representatives have to concern themselves with these convictions, independent of whether these convictions are of a religious, political, or of a religious and political nature. KEYWORDS: Germany, Islam, freedom of religion, womenâ€™s rights, the constitutional state, conflicts
The Theology of Death in Cantata BMV 106 by J.S Bach: A Critical Study
Authors: Kartawidjaja Yakub
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACT: The text of Cantata BWV 106 shows two forms of organization: symmetry and chronology. The former is shown by similar sets of correspondences in the musical texture, which display the antithesis: death under the Law versus death under the Gospel. The latter is visible in the four solos and central fugue/solo/chorale complex between the prologue and doxology. The chronology passes through the stages of the history of Israel to the coming of Christ, his death on the cross, and the era of the Christian church. The sequence can be read as an internal progression from fear of death and acceptance of its inevitability to faith in Christ and in the promise of the Gospel, and finally, to the willingness of the believer to die in Christ and his church. KEYWORDS: Luther, death, law, gospel, faith, sleep.