bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
LÍNGUA PORTUGUESA E SOFTWARE LIVRE:
Authors: Da Silva Júnior José Roberto da Silva Júnior , Pasqualli Roberta
Published: September 2024

Este trabalho busca investigar as contribuições do uso do Scratch para o Ensino de Língua Portuguesa no Ensino Fundamental, principalmente no que diz respeito à promoção da liberdade de expressão e o compartilhamento de conhecimentos. Trata-se de uma pesquisa básica, desenvolvida por meio de pesquisa bibliográfica, que foi posta em prática por meio de um levantamento detalhado baseado nos pensamentos de Richard Stallman, criador do conceito de Software Livre, além de contar com as contribuições de Freire, Libâneo e Bagno que auxiliam para que essa discussão seja contextualizada sócio, política e economicamente. A abordagem qualitativa também foi utilizada como fundamento, porque analisa as relações, opiniões e discursos presentes nas principais documentações que envolvem essa temática por meio da interpretação e exame crítico dos textos consultados. Como resultados, evidenciou-se que o uso de software livre pode recuperar computadores inutilizados e restaurá-los, proporcionando a revitalização do laboratório de informática para o uso de programas com fins educativos e livres no ensino de Língua Portuguesa; percebeu-se que o computador e o uso do software livre ainda são pouco adotados dentro dos procedimentos de alfabetização e/ou ensino de Língua Portuguesa; a Língua Portuguesa auxiliada pela utilização de softwares será uma ferramenta que potencializa alguns aspectos que são exigidos pela vida em comunidade nos dias atuais: autonomia, autoestima, criatividade, iniciativa, raciocínio lógico e produtividade.
NARRATIVAS DE CRIANÇAS ENTRE PRODUÇÕES LITERÁRIAS:
Authors: Freitas André , Pereira Fátima , Nogueira Paulo
Published: September 2024

A concetualização da infância por meio das práticas culturais baseadas na literatura para as crianças tem sido objeto de reflexão. Entre Sophia de Mello Breyner Andresen e Manoel de Barros, a obra literária tem contribuído para os desígnios de criança como sujeito social, constituindo-se como reações críticas contra o conservadorismo sobre a infância e a vida da criança. A literatura para as crianças, enquanto artefacto cultural, impacta a experiência educativa de crianças pela sua moção emancipatória e pela sua construção imaginativa. O objetivo deste artigo é compreender a experiência educativa da literatura para as crianças como caraterística do conhecimento pessoal e da vivência de histórias significadas na escola. A partir da metodologia narrativa, destacando-se a construção de processos biográficos, constroem-se narrativas biográficas de quatro crianças a frequentar os primeiros anos da educação básica e fundamental, no Brasil e em Portugal. A operacionalidade metodológica de recolha, transcrição, validação e análise da informação permite construir narrativas biográficas de crianças como produção cultural contemporânea da infância e da experiência educativa na escola. As narrativas formulam-se como histórias que significam o espaço-tempo dos processos educativos, contribuindo para a reconcetualização da infância. Os resultados indicam que a obra literária contribui para a vivência de experiências educativas imaginativas e ricas em detalhes relativos ao tempo e espaço vividos entre relações sociais, as quais culminam na reivindicação de uma agência que valoriza histórias reais e fictícias de crianças na escola, sobre as suas vidas, significadas por elas mesmas.
A “CIDADE-PERFUME” E SEU “SPORT CLUB”:
Authors: Piassá das Mercês Diogo
Published: September 2024

A “Cidade-Perfume”, um dos adjetivos atribuídas ao distrito-sede de Iguaçu por seu envolvimento com a Citricultura, experienciou intervenções urbanísticas que reorganizaram seu traçado. Praças, bares, abertura e/ou melhoramento de ruas, estabelecimentos comerciais, clubes esportivos, cinemas e novos logradouros públicos estavam entre as ações empreendidas pela municipalidade. O núcleo central da cidade trajava-se de gala para os “novos tempos” vindouros. Acompanhando de perto as intervenções, Silvino de Azeredo e sua folha, o Correio da Lavoura – um dos 20 periódicos mais antigos do Brasil, ainda em circulação – ao passo que publicizava as práticas de governança local, transitava, também, por espaços formais e difusos de sociabilidade. Entre esses, o Sport Club Iguaçu ocupa um lugar de destaque, espraiando-se para além de seus limites. A prefeitura e o “Club”, por vezes, se confundiam. Dialogando com Pesavento (2007), o trabalho propõe uma breve compreensão das múltiplas cidades que coabitam intrinsecamente no distrito-sede de Iguassú e as ações pedagogizantes propostas pela governança local. Cunha (2008) fornece as bases para o entendimento de como esses espaços mediados transmutam-se em lugares e territórios sociais. A metodologia utilizada foi a Pesquisa Histórica no/com o periódico local. Por fim, os trabalhos de Alexandre (2021), Dias (2014), Silva (2009), Melo (2015) e Simões (2007) completam o arcabouço teórico utilizado para escrutinar as práticas sociais iguaçuanas do período. Espera-se, com essa proposta, colaborar com a produção de conhecimento sobre as ricas histórias da cidade de Nova Iguaçu.
ALIANÇAS INTERGERACIONAIS NO COMBATE ÀS CENSURAS CISHETEROPATRIARCAIS
Authors: Rocha Késia dos Anjos , Oliveira Érika Cecília Soares
Published: September 2024

No presente escrito, as obras de literatura infantil Julián é uma sereia e Julián no casamento da autora Jessica Love são mobilizadas como tecnologias político-artístico e metodológicas que nos ajudam a imaginar mundos, infâncias e práticas educativas que apontem no sentido da inventividade, da liberdade e da alteridade. As categorias infância e velhice, por meio das personagens criadas pela autora, nos guiam no desenho das argumentações que apontam para a criação de rotas que desestabilizem essas estruturas normativas. Problematizamos, ao longo do texto, os movimentos recentes de censuras a livros infantis e infantojuvenis no contexto nacional e internacional, buscando compreender como acontecem esses movimentos, quais as influências e quais os principais argumentos utilizados por grupos que empreendem essas ações censitórias para justificá-las. Em um segundo momento, nossos esforços se direcionam para a defesa de processos educativos que não visem a manutenção da norma e sim o fomento à liberdade de escolhas e a garantia do acesso a informações entendidos como um direito. As discussões empreendidas nos permitem concluir que há um apagamento dos corpos e das perspectivas de meninas, meninos e menines no que diz respeito às suas experimentações, brincadeiras e acesso às informações. Proteger as infâncias é a grande preocupação de agentes educacionais e os silêncios e vigilâncias inscrevem-se nos fazeres e pensares cotidianos das instituições educativas.
Focus shaping of circularly polarized Bessel–Gaussian vortex beam with binary axicon for nanoparticle trapping
Authors: Al-Ahsab Hassan T. , Cheng Mingjian , Loqman Ibrahim G. H. , Kaid Shukri , Alkelly Abdu A.
Published: September 2024

Based on the vector Debye approximation theory, focusing on circularly polarized Bessel–Gaussian vortex (CPBGV) beam by a binary axicon has been investigated. Different focal segments are generated in the focal region of the binary axicon by adjusting beam and axicon parameters. Optical cages can be formed in the focal region with on-axis longitudinal intensity when the topological charge m = −1 with the left–hand CPBGV beam. Tighter focal segments can be achieved in the focal region of the binary axicon by introducing a central obstruction, decreasing the numerical aperture of the axicon, or increasing the numerical aperture of the optical system. These findings indicate that the focused CPBGV beam, when modulated with a binary axicon, shows great promise for applications in nanoparticle trapping.
Towards artificial intelligence-based disease prediction algorithms that comprehensively leverage and continuously learn from real-world clinical tabular data systems
Authors: Lee-St. John Terrence J. , Kanwar Oshin , Abidi Emna , El Nekidy Wasim , Piechowski-Jozwiak Bartlomiej
Published: September 2024

This manuscript presents a proof-of-concept for a generalizable strategy, the full algorithm, designed to estimate disease risk using real-world clinical tabular data systems, such as electronic health records (EHR) or claims databases. By integrating classic statistical methods and modern artificial intelligence techniques, this strategy automates the production of a disease prediction model that comprehensively reflects the dynamics contained within the underlying data system. Specifically, the full algorithm parses through every facet of the data (e.g., encounters, diagnoses, procedures, medications, labs, chief complaints, flowsheets, vital signs, demographics, etc.), selects which factors to retain as predictor variables by evaluating the data empirically against statistical criteria, structures and formats the retained data into time-series, trains a neural network-based prediction model, then subsequently applies this model to current patients to generate risk estimates. A distinguishing feature of the proposed strategy is that it produces a self-adaptive prediction system, capable of evolving the prediction mechanism in response to changes within the data: as newly collected data expand/modify the dataset organically, the prediction mechanism automatically evolves to reflect these changes. Moreover, the full algorithm operates without the need for a-priori data curation and aims to harness all informative risk and protective factors within the real-world data. This stands in contrast to traditional approaches, which often rely on highly curated datasets and domain expertise to build static prediction models based solely on well-known risk factors. As a proof-of-concept, we codified the full algorithm and tasked it with estimating 12-month risk of initial stroke or myocardial infarction using our hospital’s real-world EHR. A 66-month pseudo-prospective validation was conducted using records from 558,105 patients spanning April 2015 to September 2023, totalling 3,424,060 patient-months. Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) values ranged from .830 to .909, with an improving trend over time. Odds ratios describing model precision for patients 1–100 and 101–200 (when ranked by estimated risk) ranged from 15.3 to 48.1 and 7.2 to 45.0, respectively, with both groups showing improving trends over time. Findings suggest the feasibility of developing high-performing disease risk calculators in the proposed manner.
Comparative transcriptomics and phylostratigraphy of Argentine ant odorant receptors
Authors: Dittmann Mathew A. , Buczkowski Grzegorz , Scharf Michael , Harpur Brock A.
Published: September 2024

Nestmate recognition in ants is regulated through the detection of cuticular hydrocarbons by odorant receptors (ORs) in the antennae. These ORs are crucial for maintaining colony cohesion that allows invasive ant species to dominate colonized environments. In the invasive Argentine ant, Linepithema humile, ORs regulating nestmate recognition are thought to be present in a clade of nine-exon odorant receptors, but the identity of the specific genes remains unknown. We sought to narrow down the list of candidate genes using transcriptomics and phylostratigraphy. Comparative transcriptomic analyses were conducted on the antennae, head, thorax, and legs of Argentine ant workers. We have identified a set of twenty-one nine-exon odorant receptors enriched in the antennae compared to the other tissues, allowing for downstream verification of whether they can detect Argentine ant cuticular hydrocarbons. Further investigation of these ORs could allow us to further understand the mechanisms underlying nestmate recognition and colony cohesion in ants.
Correlation of ammonia and blood laboratory parameters with hepatic encephalopathy: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Sepehrinezhad Ali , Moghaddam Negin Ghiyasi , Shayan Navidreza , Sahab Negah Sajad
Published: September 2024

Background and objectives

Emerging research suggests that hyperammonemia may enhance the probability of hepatic encephalopathy (HE), a condition associated with elevated levels of circulating ammonia in patients with cirrhosis. However, some studies indicate that blood ammonia levels may not consistently correlate with the severity of HE, highlighting the complex pathophysiology of this condition.

Methods

A systematic review and meta-analysis through PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, and Virtual Health Library were conducted to address this complexity, analyzing and comparing published data on various laboratory parameters, including circulating ammonia, blood creatinine, albumin, sodium, and inflammation markers in cirrhotic patients, both with and without HE.

Results

This comprehensive review, which included 81 studies from five reputable databases until June 2024, revealed a significant increase in circulating ammonia levels in cirrhotic patients with HE, particularly those with overt HE. Notably, significant alterations were observed in the circulating creatinine, albumin, sodium, interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα) in HE patients.

Conclusions

These findings suggest an association between ammonia and HE and underscore the importance of considering other blood parameters such as creatinine, albumin, sodium, and pro-inflammatory cytokines when devising new treatment strategies for HE.
Are physiotherapists and occupational therapists following the guidelines for discharge summary?–An analysis of the content of physiotherapists’ and occupational therapists’ discharge summaries and their adherence to stroke guideline recommendations
Authors: Solbakken Liss Marita , Sundseth Antje , Langhammer Birgitta , Brovold Therese
Published: September 2024

Purpose

Discharge summaries are important tools for communication between health care levels and can ensure continuity of rehabilitation. This study aims to gain insight into the content of discharge summaries written by hospital physiotherapists and occupational therapists regarding patients with stroke, and their adherence to recommended criteria for discharge summaries.

Material and methods

31 physiotherapy and multidisciplinary discharge summaries, for stroke patients discharged home from hospital with need of follow-up, were included in the study. We employed qualitative content analysis and descriptive statistics to explore and describe the content.

Results

The physiotherapists and occupational therapists adhered to the recommended criteria for content in varying degree. The main focus for physiotherapists and occupational therapists were description of ADL, sensorimotor and general cognitive functions, they rarely report tolerance to exercise, and the specific cognitive abilities to follow instruction and learn were often omitted. Less focus was put on patients’ experiences and needs during acute stroke, and description of goals were omitted in the physiotherapy discharge summaries.

Conclusion

While the physiotherapists and occupational therapists complement each other in their assessment of patients and inform the reader about both sensorimotor and cognitive functions and abilities, they omit some of the specific criteria for rehabilitation. Despite the omissions, the information provided is specific to the patients’ function and needs.
The temporal distribution of ridership in metro stations from land-use perspective
Authors: Dai Shian , Yu Liqiang , Song Lang , Li Ying , Fan Xuze
Published: September 2024

A reasonable land use development around subway stations can balance the utilization rates of the subway system during peak and off-peak hours, thereby enhancing its service levels and operational efficiency. Analyzing the temporal distribution patterns of passenger flow and their influencing factors is crucial for determining the optimum ratio of each land use type surrounding metro stations. Thus, this paper employs principal component analysis (PCA) at first to investigate the temporal distribution of metro ridership, and identify their main patterns and factor loadings. Then, using geographically weighted regression, the study examines the spatial dependencies between the main component proportions and influencing factors, focusing on Xi’an subway stations. The results indicate that the temporal distribution of passenger flow can be decomposed into three principal components: the first representing commuting characteristics, and the second and third representing regulating functions. The overall distribution is a composite of these components in varying proportions. Residential and educational land uses primarily drive morning and evening peak flows, with residential land use in the city center and peripheral areas having a more pronounced effect compared to transitional areas. Conversely, commercial & office, healthcare, and recreational & park land mitigate peak flows and increase off-peak flows. External hub enhances passenger flow throughout the day, while industrial land use has negligible impact.
Effect of high-dose β-Alanine supplementation on uphill cycling performance in World Tour cyclists: A randomised controlled trial
Authors: Pérez-Piñero Silvia , Ramos-Campo Domingo Jesús , López-Román Francisco Javier , Ortolano Raquel , Torregrosa-García Antonio , Luque-Rubia Antonio Jesús , Ibáñez-Soroa Natalia , Andreu-Caravaca Luis , Ávila-Gandía Vicente
Published: September 2024

Scientists and coaches seek effective ergogenic aids for performance improvement. Cyclists commonly use β-Alanine, which may enhance post-exercise recovery and physical performance. High-dose β-Alanine supplementation’s impact on World Tour cyclists during a 7-day camp remains unstudied. This study aimed to analyse the effect of a high dose of β-alanine in World Tour cyclist during a 7-day camp. A double-blinded, randomised controlled trial was conducted. 11 cyclists were included in the final analysis: β-alanine supplementation (n = 5; VO2max: 67.6±1.6 ml/kg/min) and a placebo group (n = 6; VO2max: 68.0±2.4 ml/kg/min). The duration of the supplementation protocol was seven days with four daily intakes. The subjects commenced supplementation after the physical tests (immediately following the snack) and consumed the final intake after breakfast on the day of the final test (a total of 7 days and 3 additional doses, 31 servings in total; 5g per dosage; 155g the total cumulative amount). Before and after seven days of supplementation, the cyclists performed an uphill time trial. Blood lactate, heart rate and rating of perceived exertion were measured during test. β-alanine supplementation improved the relative mean power attained during the time-trial compared with the control group (Z = -2.008; p = 0.045; Δ = 0.060), as well as the time needed to complete this trial (Z = -2.373; p = 0.018). As for physiological and metabolic variables, no significant change was found. In conclusion, the present study supports the effectiveness of one-week high dose of β-alanine during a cycling training in World Tour cyclists to improve their uphill time-trial performance. In addition, it is important to highlight the potential role of β-alanine in improving recovery power. This aspect is particularly relevant in the context of a training camp, where fatigue levels can increase alongside training intensity.

Trial registration: This study was registered in ClinicalTrials.gov: (identifier: NCT04427319).
Prevalence and factors associated with external HIV-related stigma in the South African population: Results from the 2017 population-based household survey
Authors: Mehlomakulu Vuyelwa , Mabaso Musawenkosi , Jooste Sean , Cloete Allanise , Moyo Sizulu , Simbayi Leickness
Published: September 2024

External HIV-related stigma remains pervasive, and its effect debilitating among PLHIV in South Africa, even though the country has made many advances against HIV. External HIV-related stigma impedes both HIV prevention and access to health care and reduces the quality of treatment and care received. This study examined the prevalence of and factors associated with higher levels of HIV-related stigma among youth and adults 15 years and older in South Africa. The analysis used a nationally representative population-based household survey data collected using a multistage cluster random sampling design. Exploratory factor analysis was used to calculate the primary outcome (higher and lower HIV stigma index scores above and below the mean, respectively), based on the total number of factors retained from the 10 item self-reported questions relating to attitudes and beliefs against PLHIV. Bivariate and multivariate generalised linear models with a log link and binomial distribution were fitted to estimate crude and adjusted risk ratios (ARR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for factors associated with external HIV-related stigma. Of 38 919 respondents, 49% (49.8%; 95% CI: 48.6–51.1) were categorised as having higher levels of external HIV-related stigma. Higher levels of HIV-related stigma were significantly associated with those who had secondary level education than those with no education/primary education [ARR = 1.14 (95% CI: 1.05–1.24), p = 0.002], those employed than unemployed [ARR = 1.08 (95% CI: 1.02–1.14), p = 0.006], those in rural areas than urban areas [ARR = 1.15 (95% CI: 1.07–1.23), p<0.001], those who were aware of their HIV status than not aware [ARR = 1.34 (95% CI: 1.12–1.61), p<0.001], those who were HIV positive than HIV negative [ARR = 1.09 (95% CI: 1.02–1.17), p = 0.018], and those with no correct HIV knowledge and myth rejection than their counterparts [ARR = 1.09 (95% CI: 1.03–1.15), p = 0.002]. The findings highlight the need for peer-facilitated HIV-stigma reduction interventions targeting all types of educational institutions and the strengthening of work-based interventions. The findings emphasise the prioritisation of rural informal settings/tribal areas when developing and implementing HIV stigma reduction interventions. The study suggests that stigma reduction should be considered an important component of HIV testing and awareness. Addressing public misconceptions about HIV can mitigate externalised stigma.
A fault diagnosis method based on an improved diffusion model under limited sample conditions
Authors: Wang Qiushi , Sun Zhicheng , Zhu Yueming , Li Dong , Ma Yunbin
Published: September 2024

As a critical component in mechanical systems, the operational status of rolling bearings plays a pivotal role in ensuring the stability and safety of the entire system. However, in practical applications, the fault diagnosis of rolling bearings often encounters limitations due to the constraint of sample size, leading to suboptimal diagnostic accuracy. This article proposes a rolling bearing fault diagnosis method based on an improved denoising diffusion probability model (DDPM) to address this issue. The practical value of this research lies in its ability to address the limitation of small sample sizes in rolling bearing fault diagnosis. By leveraging DDPM to generate one-dimensional vibration data, the proposed method significantly enriches the datasets and consequently enhances the generalization capability of the diagnostic model. During the model training process, we innovatively introduce the feature differences between the original vibration data and the predicted vibration data generated based on prediction noise into the loss function, making the generated data more directional and targeted. In addition, this article adopts a one-dimensional convolutional neural network (1D-CNN) to construct a fault diagnosis model to more accurately extract and focus on key feature information related to faults. The experimental results show that this method can effectively improve the accuracy and reliability of rolling bearing fault diagnosis, providing new ideas and methods for fault detection and prevention in industrial applications. This advancement in diagnostic technology has the potential to significantly reduce the risk of system failures, enhance operational efficiency, and lower maintenance costs, thus contributing significantly to the safety and efficiency of mechanical systems.
Analysis of Dataset Limitations in Semantic Knowledge-Driven Multi-Variant Machine Translation
Authors: Sowański Marcin , Hosciłowicz Jakub , Janicki Artur
Published: September 2024

In this study, we explore the implications of dataset limitations in semantic knowledge-driven machine translation (MT) for intelligent virtual assistants (IVA). Our approach diverges from traditional single-best translation techniques, utilizing a multi-variant MT method that generates multiple valid translations per input sentence through a constrained beam search. This method extends beyond the typical constraints of specific verb ontologies, embedding within a broader semantic knowledge framework.
We evaluate the performance of multi-variant MT models in translating training sets for Natural Language Understanding (NLU) models. These models are applied to semantically diverse datasets, including a detailed evaluation using the standard MultiATIS++ dataset. The results from this evaluation indicate that while multi-variant MT method is promising, its impact on improving intent classification (IC) accuracy is limited when applied to conventional datasets such as MultiATIS++. However, our findings underscore that the effectiveness of multi-variant translation is closely associated with the diversity and suitability of the datasets utilized.
Finally, we provide an in-depth analysis focused on generating variant-aware NLU datasets. This analysis aims to offer guidance on enhancing NLU models through semantically rich and variant-sensitive datasets, maximizing the advantages of multi-variant MT.
Developing the Islamic Religious Education Curriculum in Inclusive Schools or Madrasah and Its Implementation: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Arbain Nurdin  , Hendra  , Khozin  , Abdul Haris  , Nurul Zainab  , Mohammad Zaini Yahaya
Published: September 2024

Purpose – This research aims to obtain information about the development and implementation of Islamic religious education curricula in inclusive schools or madrasas. An inclusive school or madrasah is an educational institution that provides opportunities for all students, including students with special needs, to study together with the help of accompanying teachers.
Design/methods/approach – This study used a systematic literature review of accredited articles from 2018-2023, data collected from Google Scholar, the Science and Technology Index of the Ministry of Education, Culture, Research and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, and Scopus. Descriptive analysis techniques were used as data analysis techniques. The researcher obtained 120 articles, which further extracted and coded them using the NVivo application, and then found 25 articles that met the TAPUPAS criteria and were relevant to the research question.
Findings – Based on the results of the analysis and literature review, some conclusions have been drawn. First, developing an inclusive Islamic religious education curriculum in schools or madrasas has been adjusted to the character of students with special needs and the simplification of subject matter. Meanwhile, the obstacle for Islamic teachers in developing the curriculum is the lack of knowledge to identify students with special needs and limited learning resources and media about it. Second, the implementation is in the form of the application of individual approaches, varied models and methods that have an impact on the effectiveness of learning, and visual media and assessment techniques based on basic abilities for students with special needs in inclusive schools or madrasas.
Research implications/limitations – The results of this study still have limitations in the number of articles analyzed and reviewed, especially those published in Sinta 1 accredited journals.
Originality/value – This study can be used as a reference for future research, which is expected to provide a more comprehensive study so that the research findings can be improved or perfect.
Ein Blick zurück schärft den Blick nach vorn
Authors: Althammer Stefanie , Schwimmer Wolfgang
Published: September 2024

Der Blick zurück auf viele Jahre Beratung für die Landwirtschaft im Projekt ­ LandSchafftEnergie zeigt: Information und Beratung leisten einen wichtigen Beitrag zum Gelingen der Energiewende. Vermittelt die beratende Person die passenden Informationen, fallen Investitionsentscheidungen auf landwirtschaftlichen Höfen oft klimafreundlicher aus.
Auf dem Acker wird schon lange nicht mehr nur Nahrung erzeugt
Authors: Mieritz Tina , Henningson Laura , Blessenohl Rebekka , Disselhoff Tilmann
Published: September 2024

Solarfirmen bieten landwirtschaftlichen Betrieben hohe Pachtbeträge an, um Solarparks bauen zu können. Diese sind weitaus höher als das, was die Betriebe über den Anbau der ­meisten landwirtschaftlichen Kulturen erwirtschaften können. Für die Betriebe ergibt sich somit ein wirtschaftlich kaum auszuschlagendes Angebot.
Wiedervernässung von Moorböden: Der „schlafende Riese“
Authors: Lechtape Christina , Hohlbein Monika
Published: September 2024

Zur bestmöglichen Erreichung der Pariser Klimaziele bis zum Jahr 2050 müssten ab sofort jährlich circa 50.000 Hektar Moorböden in Deutschland wiedervernässt werden. Landnutzer/innen­ benötigen dafür neue Bewirtschaftungskonzepte. Für die Biomasse aus den nassen Mooren braucht es neue Verwertungswege.
Landwirtschaft ohne Dieselkraftstoff – Wie kann das gehen?
Authors: Eckel Henning , Grube Jens
Published: September 2024

Die Landwirtschaft unterliegt den Zielvorgaben des Klimaschutzgesetzes und muss die Emissionen klimawirksamer Gase senken. Ein Ansatzpunkt ist der Ersatz fossiler Kraftstoffe, die rund 8,5 Prozent der Emissionen der Landwirtschaft ausmachen, durch erneuerbare Antriebs­energien für landwirtschaftliche Maschinen. Welche Möglichkeiten gibt es, fossilen Dieselkraftstoff zu ersetzen und Emissionen zu senken?
La ciberdiplomacia en relación con el ciberpoder: mecanismos y estrategias para la consecución de intereses nacionales
Authors: Realpe Díaz Milena Elizabeth
Published: September 2024

El objetivo del presente artículo es analizar las dinámicas que acontecen en el ciberespacio e identificar aquellas relevantes para el sistema internacional, principalmente las que constituyen amenazas a la estabilidad de las naciones por cuenta de la puja por el poder en la geopolítica contemporánea. En este contexto, en el que la OTAN decide reconocer desde el año 2016, el ciberespacio como un dominio, se hace necesario incorporar una nueva herramienta llamada ciberdiplomacia, como parte de la diplomacia científica, en relación con el ciberpoder de un país para alcanzar los intereses nacionales. La metodología empleada obedece a una revisión sistemática de diversos estudios primarios o individuales, se incorporó literatura gris y la interpretación y comprensión de la investigadora, por medio de un análisis comparado sobre acepciones de la ciberdiplomacia con sus categorías. Se destaca la importancia de este concepto, el cual bien puede considerarse un neologismo en evolución, de creciente arraigo en los temas propios del sistema internacional y el ciberpoder de un Estado.
Migración y derecho penal: línea de defensa para migrantes en situación de vulnerabilidad
Authors: Bernal Castro Carlos Andrés
Published: September 2024

El objetivo central radica en abordar las líneas de defensa penales de las poblaciones migrantes vulnerables ante la jurisdicción penal ordinaria. La estigmatización, a la que se ven sometidos los migrantes por parte de los Estados receptores, propicia la utilización de un derecho penal simbólico, concatenado con un derecho penal de autor, desconociendo principios como la dignidad humana y la culpabilidad. El fenómeno migratorio de los últimos tiempos, combinado con pobreza, desempleo, hambre y los problemas internos de los Estados latinoamericanos, amenaza a los gobiernos democráticos.
Conciencia jurídica y autoridad judicial: riesgo y desigualdades de género en procedimientos por violencia intrafamiliar (VIF) en Chile
Authors: Riquelme Espinosa Ignacio , Quiroz Rojas Loreto
Published: September 2024

La violencia doméstica es un problema relevante en relación con el género, como se pone de manifiesto, por ejemplo, en la creación desde hace décadas de institucionalidad jurídica internacional y nacional para el control de esta problemática. Con todo, dado el carácter estructural de esta violencia y su relación con esquemas patriarcales arraigados en lo social, resulta difícil que la mediación del derecho por sí misma redunde en un cumplimiento total de este compromiso. Este trabajo contribuye a una comprensión novedosa y situada de la intervención de la legalidad en la violencia de género del espacio doméstico. La novedad radica en lo que nos permite visualizar la noción de conciencia jurídica como marco analítico, esto es, el modo en que la legalidad sostiene su poder, a pesar de la constante incompletitud del cumplimiento de sus promesas. Para capturar esta cuestión se utilizó el método etnográfico aplicado a dos tribunales de familia de Chile. El trabajo de campo nos muestra que los tribunales de familia utilizan la noción de riesgo con miras a disponer de medidas cautelares, cuestión que permite una intervención en las experiencias de vida de las denunciantes. Es así como se transforma en acto la promesa de control de este tipo de violencia de género que se hace a través del derecho.
Enhancing cross-cultural communication for Chinese tourists in non-native English-speaking destinations: a study of sociolinguistic competence and politeness challenges
Authors: An Gang , Lin Tan Debbita Ai
Published: September 2024

The current study explores the sociolinguistic challenges experienced by Chinese tourists. The purposive sampling approach was applied for data collection to comprehend the respondents’ communication hurdles. Online and offline questionnaires were also distributed to accommodate senior travellers. A total of 964 valid responses were gathered, which reflected the increasing trend of outbound tourism among Chinese nationals. The present study employed sociolinguistic competence as a mediating variable (specifically, its interplay with intercultural communication anxiety and politeness) within the Communicative Competence Model (CCM) framework. Several strategies that consider the nuanced aspects of language and culture are also proposed. The findings can potentially enhance service standards in the tourism sector by improving Chinese visitors’ intercultural communication experiences in various international destinations.
Linguocultural aspect of phraseological units (Guanyongyu) in modern Chinese language
Authors: Sabirova Madina , Kalibekuly Tolkyn , Jeldybayeva Raushan
Published: September 2024

The relevance of this study is primarily due to the constant influence of extra-linguistic factors (cultural, historical, and technological) on intralinguistic ones (plan of expression, semantics) in the modern Chinese phraseological picture of the world. The purpose of this study was to identify the main linguocultural features of Guanyongyu through the study of lexico-semantic and stylistic relations. The methods used in this study included analytical-synthetic, lexico-semantic, pragmatic, linguocultural, and statistical analyses. The key features of the group of Chinese phraseological units called Guanyongyu were indicated in the study: preservation of the connection between semantic components and the integral meaning of the phraseological unit, active structural transformations, use in everyday speech, 3 (rarely 4) syllable structure, high metaphoricity, and imagery. The study identified the following groups of “habitual expressions”: with somatic components, with metaphorical components, specifically with a zoonimic or botanical basis, as well as with key mythological or literary nominations. The study also considered different groups of phraseological units by stylistic colouring: negative, neutral, and positive. The analysis of phraseological units that emerged after the COVID-19 crisis showed that they usually had negative (more rarely positive) connotations and demonstrated the dominance of collective values over individual values. The following were identified as the main linguocultural features: negative connotations, satirical ridicule, use of somatic and zoonimic components, metaphorical transfers, dominance of the collective over the individual, connection with Chinese mythology, and literary images. In a further scientific perspective, this study can be used for comparative analysis of phraseological pictures of the world of different countries and nationalities and consideration of the basis of conceptualization through the analysis of cognitive aspects embedded in phraseological units.
Affibody-based molecular probe 99mTc-(HE)3ZHER2:V2 for non-invasive HER2 detection in ovarian and breast cancer xenografts
Authors: Hu Xianwen , Hu Hongyu , Li Dandan , Wang Pan , Cai Jiong
Published: September 2024

Purpose

This study aimed to assess the biodistribution and bioactivity of the affibody molecular probe 99mTc-(HE)3ZHER2:V2, prepared by genetic recombination, and to investigate its potential for targeted human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) imaging in SKOV3 ovarian cancer and MDA-MB-361 breast cancer xenografts.

Methods

Affibody molecules were generated through genetic recombination. The radiochemical purity of the 99mTc-labeled HER2 affibody was determined using reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). Evaluation of HER2 affinity in SKOV3 ovarian cancer cells and MDA-MB-361 breast cancer cells (HER2-positive) was conducted by calculating equilibrium dissociation constants. Biodistribution of the 99mTc-labeled affibody molecular probe was assessed in Balb/c mice bearing SKOV3 tumors. Tumor targeting specificity was evaluated in Balb/c mice using SKOV3, MDA-MB-361, and AT-3 (HER2-negative) xenografts.

Results

Affibody (HE)3ZHER2:V2, generated through recombinant gene expression, was successfully labeled with 99mTc, achieving a radiochemical purity of (96.0 ± 1.7)% (n = 3) as determined by RP-HPLC. This molecular probe exhibited specific binding to HER2-positive SKOV3 cells, demonstrating intense radioactive uptake. Biodistribution analysis showed rapid accumulation of 99mTc-(HE)3ZHER2:V2 in HER2-positive tumors post-administration, primarily clearing through the urinary system. Single-photon emission computed tomography imaging conducted 1–3 h after intravenous injection of 99mTc-(HE)3ZHER2:V2 into HER2-positive SKOV3 and MDA-MB-361 nude mouse models confirmed targeted uptake of the molecular probe by the tumors.

Conclusions

The molecular probe 99mTc-(HE)3ZHER2:V2 developed in this study effectively targets HER2 for imaging HER2-positive SKOV3 and MDA-MB-361 xenografts in vivo. It exhibits rapid blood clearance without evident toxic effects, suggesting its potential as a valuable marker for detecting HER2 expression in tumor cells.
Not happy to bleed
Authors: Sorgo Gabriele
Published: September 2024

Der technologische Trans- oder Posthumanismus entwirft Visionen eines human enhancement, die die Koevolution von Menschen mit ihren Maschinen feiern. Gegenüber diesem androzentrischen und z.T. religiös aufgeladenen Technikoptimismus wollte Donna Haraway mit ihrer Abhandlung über den/die Cyborg den Humanismus mit seinen Grenzziehungen zwischen Menschen und Artefakten ebenfalls in Frage stellen, aber zugleich auch die Geschlechterordnung. Daher hat sie in der Folge auch die Mensch-Tierbzw. KulturNatur-Grenzefür obsolet erklärt und einen kritischen Posthumanismus entworfen, der Entgrenzungen in vielerlei Richtungen andenkt statt nur in eine. Der Beitrag zieht die Menstruation, ihre Tabuisierung und Medikalisierung als Beispiel heran, um die angeführten Grenzziehungen im Spiegel der Diskurse über Selbstoptimierung und Tier-Werden zu analysieren. Aus historischanthropologischer Perspektive bedroht der zyklisch blutende Frauenkörper in gewisser Weise die westliche androzentrische Zivilisation, weil er die Unverfügbarkeit des Lebens (Zoé) reklamiert. In den Frauen und am Frauenkörper wird diese Unverfügbarkeit exkludiert und tabuisiert. Jacques Derridas Begriff der Divinanimalität verdeutlicht außerdem, warum die Grenze zwischen Tieren und Menschen, die auf den Frauenkörper projiziert und dort überwacht wird, nicht so einfach mit anderen Grenzziehungen gleichzusetzen ist.
Polyvalente Versuche der normalistischen Be- und Abgrenzung des Humanen in Präventionsmaßnahmen
Authors: Schmidt Friederike
Published: September 2024

Ausgehend von menschlichen Selbstverständigungen als Ansatzpunkt einer Analyse des Humanen befasst sich der Beitrag mit ernährungsbezogenen Präventionsmaßnahmen. Aus anthropologischer Perspektive lassen sich diese Maßnahmen als Versuch einordnen, die Nicht-Feststellbarkeit menschlicher Ernährung handhabbar zu machen. Wie an Konzeptionen verschiedener Präventionsmaßnahmen dabei gezeigt wird, sind diese im Bemühen einer Verbesserung der Lebensbedingungen und Möglichkeiten von Menschen auf verschiedenen Ebenen und in unterschiedlicher Weise mit Limitierungen des Mensch-Seins verbunden, die im Kern auf eine Normalisierung der Subjekte abzielen und die insofern im Beitrag als polyvalente Versuche der normalistischen Be- und Abgrenzung des Humanen näher präzisiert werden.
Limits of the Naturalization of Learning
Authors: Imai Yasuo
Published: September 2024

In the face of the dominant constructivist approach in contemporary learning theories, the naturalization of learning should be identified at a more fundamental level than its mere reduction to a biological phenomenon. It should be identified in the pervasive tendency to dispense with the experience the learners make about their own knowing. The trouble in the naturalization of learning can more clearly be realized by the concept of “space of nature/ reason.” The learning process includes bridging between both spaces; such bridging remains disregarded by reducing the learning to the event solely played in the space of nature. Following Buck’s argumentation, we can recognize an experience of a twofold leap from “nature” to “reason” in the procedural structure of learning. The limits of naturalization of learning are demarcated by the genuine condition of learning as experience.
Dating the Dawn of the Anthropocene
Authors: Wallenhorst Nathanaël
Published: September 2024

This article provides indepth insight into the debate (based on stratigraphic findings) as to the exact date that Earth entered the Anthropocene Epoch. Generally, in Human and Social Sciences, the date of the boundary is paid less attention than the systemic shifts resulting from it. (There have been a number of publications on our surpassing of the planet’s limits, and passing of the point of no return.) However, it is important to understand this debate based on stratigraphic data, because sooner or later, the International Union of Geological Sciences will amend the geological timescale to include the Anthropocene – even if, to date, the process of formal definition has been interrupted by the negative vote on 5 March 2024 of the Subcommission on Quaternary Stratigraphy (SQS) of the International Commission on Stratigraphy (ICS) after a positive vote in 2023 by the Anthropocene Working Group (AWG) proposing to date the onset of the Anthropocene in 1950 (with a “golden nail” in the Crawford lake beds). In future, almost all the world’s students will learn the date when we entered it. This article explores each of the possible dates when stratigraphic data suggest the Anthropocene may have started. This should hand tomorrow’s teachers the keys to understand what may sometimes seem an obscure expert debate.
Die neue Aktualität der Grenzen im Anthropozän
Authors: Wulf Christoph
Published: September 2024

Der Aufsatz untersucht die neue Aktualität von Grenzen. Er zeigt, dass sich im Anthropozän traditionelle Grenzen auflösen und neue entstehen. Die Begrenztheit des Planeten „Erde“ ist sichtbar und führt zu einem veränderten Verständnis des Planeten und zu neuen Menschen- und Weltbildern. Die Grenzziehungen zwischen Natur und Kultur, zwischen Biosphäre und Noosphäre greifen nicht mehr. Ein Verständnis der Natur und Kultur als ein gemeinsames Erbe der Menschheit ist erforderlich. Mit der Herausforderung, die Ziele nachhaltiger Entwicklung zu verwirklichen, entstehen neue Aufgaben, die zugleich neue Grenzziehungen erfordern. Diese führen zu veränderten Einstellungen und Formen von Identität. Dabei nehmen die Auseinandersetzungen mit neu entstehenden Formen des Nationalismus, Kolonialismus und Rassismus zu. Diese Kontroversen wirken sich negativ auf die Entwicklung von Nachhaltigkeit und „Global Citizenship“ aus. In diesen Prozessen entstehen neue Grenzen und Erfahrungen von Alterität.
Grenzen und Entgrenzung der Selbst-Entwicklung im Kontext einer zukunftsfähigen Welt
Authors: Peters Björn
Published: September 2024

Selbst-Entwicklung beschreibt den be- und entgrenzenden Prozess der vertikalen Persönlichkeitsentwicklung im Erwachsenenalter, in dessen Rahmen qualitativ unterscheidbare, messbare Entwicklungsstufen beschrieben werden können. Die in der Gegenwart modalen Stufen in der Bevölkerung sind ebenso wie die in der westlichen Welt als Zielbild angestrebte institutionelle Stufe des Selbst durch inhärente Begrenzungen gekennzeichnet, die sich auch im Umgang mit den globalen Herausforderungen von Gegenwart und Zukunft zeigen. Haltung und Fähigkeiten, die mit späteren, postkonventionellen Stufen der SelbstEntwicklung einhergehen, können hingegen im Umgang mit den Herausforderungen der Postmoderne hilfreich sein.
Hope for all? Investigating the moderating effect of social inhibition on the association between hope and outcome in an integrative group therapy program
Authors: Mielimaka Michal , Kealy David , Sochting Ingrid , Ogrodniczuk John S.
Published: September 2024

Existing research supports the therapeutic value of hope in different therapies and for diverse patient groups. Patients who are socially inhibited tend to have a particularly difficult time in group therapy, and the experience of hope in that context may be especially poignant for them. The present study investigated the impact of hope on the outcome of a group-based treatment and whether this impact differed for patients depending on their level of social inhibition. The sample consisted of 49 consecutively admitted patients who completed treatment in an intensive, integrative group therapy program. Patients completed four self-report measures to assess hope, social inhibition, quality of life, and depression. Regression with moderation analysis was employed. The analyses revealed that social inhibition significantly moderated the impact of hope on treatment outcome, indicating that hope had a more pronounced effect among those patients with relatively higher levels of social inhibition.
Die Bilanz der "alten Dame"
Authors: Drewes Michael , Rebeggiani Luca
Published: September 2024

Im Winter 2022 entwickelte sich um den börsennotierten italienischen Fußballclub Juventus Football Club S.p.A. ein Bilanzskandal, der sowohl rechtliche als auch sportökonomische Konsequenzen nach sich zog. Es folgte eine Diskussion um eine weitere Regulierung sowie um Bewertungsfragen speziell im professionellen europäischen Fußball. Der Artikel beleuchtet die zugrunde liegende Sachverhaltsgestaltung, nimmt eine bilanzanalytische Untersuchung vor und diskutiert dies vor dem Hintergrund der anzuwendenden Rechnungslegungsvorschriften sowie der rechtlichen und sportökonomischen Auswirkungen
Projektfinanzierung eines Offshore-Windparks, Teil 2: Lösung der Aufgabenstellungen
Authors: Balks Marita , Dannegger Aaron
Published: September 2024

In der Fallstudie werden die Studierenden mit einer realen Problemsituation zur Bewertung eines Offshore-Windparks in der deutschen Nordsee konfrontiert. Über die Kapitalstruktur und die Kapitalkosten inkl. der Bauzeitzinsen werden für jede Periode der Betriebsphase eine Plan-GuV und eine Plan-Bilanz erstellt, aus der letztendlich die Cashflow-Berechnung hervorgeht. Über die klassischen Projektkennzahlen wie dem DSCR wird geprüft, ob das Projekt rentabel ist und den Forderungen der Fremdkapitalgeber genügt. Im zweiten Teil der Fallstudie werden die Lösungen der Aufgabenstellungen aus Teil 1 (WiSt-Ausgabe Nr. 4/24) vorgestellt.