bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Svět prken, která znamenají svět. O projektu Divadelního oddělení Národního muzea – Dokumentace současných divadelních budov
Authors: Pokorný Vít
Published: January 2022

This paper presents an extensive research project carried out by the Theatre Department at the National Museum. This document, the Catalogue of Contemporary Theatre Buildings, maps out in detail the sites where theatre is performed in the Czech Republic today. It focuses not only on professional venues, but also registers other, often unconventional, places where theatre thrives, such as churches, public spaces, cultural centres, private apartments, gymnasia, cinemas, shopping centres, etc.

In the first section, the outline of the project is presented, starting from the initial idea through to the people involved and technical support for its implementation, to a description of how the obtained material was processed into a comprehensive and clear archival collection. In the second part, the study focuses on some valuable findings on contemporary theatre in the Czech Republic, obtained by the author during the cataloguing process. Using photographs, textual materials, video footage and interviews with employees of the documented institutions, the project aims to find answers to general questions of a social nature: How does neatness or untidiness indicate a citizen‘s relationship to the place in which they live? How do people understand the terms ‘community centre’ and ‘public service’?
Reappraisal-related downregulation of amygdala BOLD activation occurs only during the late trial window
Authors: Pierce Jordan E. , Blair R. James R. , Clark Kayla R. , Neta Maital
Published: January 2022

During cognitive reappraisal, an individual reinterprets the meaning of an emotional stimulus to regulate the intensity of their emotional response. Prefrontal cortex activity has been found to support reappraisal and is putatively thought to downregulate the amygdala response to these stimuli. The timing of these regulation-related responses during the course of a trial, however, remains poorly understood. In the current fMRI study, participants were instructed to view or reappraise negative images and then rate how negative they felt following each image. The hemodynamic response function was estimated in 11 regions of interest for the entire time course of the trial including image viewing and rating. Notably, within the amygdala there was no evidence of downregulation in the early (picture viewing) window of the trial, only in the late (rating) window, which also correlated with a behavioral measure of reappraisal success. With respect to the prefrontal regions, some (e.g., inferior frontal gyrus) showed reappraisal-related activation in the early window, whereas others (e.g., middle frontal gyrus) showed increased activation primarily in the late window. These results highlight the temporal dynamics of different brain regions during emotion regulation and suggest that the amygdala response to negative images need not be immediately dampened to achieve successful cognitive reappraisal.
Modelling Selectional Super-Flexibility
Authors: Liefke Kristina
Published: January 2022

The selectional flexibility of some attitude verbs (e.g. know, realize, report) between declarative and interrogative complements has been the subject of much recent work in formal semantics. However, little attention has been paid to verbs (e.g. see, remember, observe) that embed an even wider variety of complements (incl. subject-controlled gerundive small clauses and concrete object-denoting DPs). Since the familiar types of some of these complements resist an embedding in the type for questions [= sets of propositions], these verbs challenge Theiler, Roelofsen & Aloni’s (2018) uniform interpretation strategy for the complements of responsive verbs. My paper answers this challenge by uniformly interpreting the different complements of selectionally super-flexible verbs like remember in a generalized type for questions, viz. as parametrized centered questions. It shows that the resulting semantics captures the intuitive entailment pattern of these verbs.
Might and might not: Children's conceptual development and the acquisition of modal verbs
Authors: Leahy Brian , Zalnieriunas Eimantas
Published: January 2022

When a child acquires her first modal verbs, is she learning how to map words in the language she is learning onto innate concepts of possibility, necessity, and impossibility? Or does she also have to construct modal concepts? If the concepts are constructed, does learning to talk about possibilities play a role in the construction process? Exploring this hypothesis space requires testing children's acquisition of modal vocabulary alongside nonverbal tests of their modal concepts. Here we report a study with 103 children from 4;0 through 7;11 and 24 adults. We argue that the data fit best with the hypothesis that acquisition of modal language and development of modal concepts proceed hand-in-hand. However, more research is needed, especially with 3-year-olds.
Disjunctive discourse referents in French Sign Language
Authors: Kuhn Jeremy David
Published: January 2022

Disjoined noun phrases, like indefinites, may introduce indeterminate discourse referents. Disjunction provides more flexibility in some respects than indefinites, though, as the two disjuncts may bear different morphological features, and a disjunctive discourse referent may have a split antecedent. Sign language, too, has been shown to bear on arguments pertaining to discourse anaphora. Notably, discourse referents may be established at locations in the signing space (loci), closely paralleling the use of variables in dynamic semantics. Here, we compare several theories of disjunctive anaphora and of space in sign language with new data from French Sign Language (LSF). We argue that loci must be mediated by a featural layer that iconically preserves mereological properties.
Binding without variables: Solving the under-generation problems
Authors: Xiang Yimei
Published: January 2022

The variable-free semantics of Jacobson (1999, 2000, 2014) derives binding relations by the local application of the z-rule. This rule, however, under- generates binding. This paper makes two contributions: (i) replacing the z-rule with a more flexible rule called i (a la the W-combinator of Szabolcsi 1992), which allows for more binding relations; (ii) enriching Jacobson’s variable-free system and proposing a two-dimensional analysis to account for the interactions between scoping and binding. Issues to be covered include binding into adjuncts, possessor binding, scope ambiguity, inverse linking, weak crossover, and ‘paycheck pronouns’.
Scalar diversity and ignorance inferences: An experimental study on 'at least' as a modifier of numerals vs. adjectives
Authors: Alexandropoulou Stavroula
Published: January 2022

This work presents results from an experiment that investigates whether at least as a modifier of gradable adjectives (e.g., at least misleading) triggers speaker ignorance inferences just as has been established for at least as a numeral modifier (e.g., at least two). I find that, while at least gives rise to ignorance inferences with both types of scalar expressions, this happens in varying degrees, contra existing accounts of at least (Geurts & Nouwen 2007; Cohen & Krifka 2014) and in line with experimental evidence on the scalar inferences of unmodified adjectives and numerals (Doran, Baker, McNabb, Larson & Ward 2009), known as scalar diversity. I also find indications that the scale structure of adjectives may affect the availability of ignorance inferences, as in the case of scalar implicature computation for unmodified adjectives (Gotzner, Solt & Benz 2018a), yet in a reverse manner.
Urgensi Perjanjian Perkawinan dalam Membentuk Keluarga Sakinah Perspektif Hukum Keluarga Islam
Authors: Al-Ghifarry Idrus , Ja'far A. Kumedi , Faizal Liky
Published: January 2022

This research was made to analyze the urgency of the marriage agreement in marriage. To analyze the urgency of the marriage agreement in forming a sakinah family in the perspective of Islamic Family Law. This type of research is library research. This research is descriptive in nature, namely by using qualitative methods. The results of this study show that the urgency of the marriage agreement is that the marriage agreement has good benefits as a preventive measure in the event of a divorce because the marriage agreement will facilitate the distribution of assets. The urgency of the marriage agreement in forming a sakinah family in the perspective of Islamic family law, namely. First, to form a sakinah family, it is best if the prospective husband and wife make a marriage agreement which includes communication problems, personal and shared assets, biological needs (sex), economic problems, and appearance. Second, the marriage agreement includes a form of maslahah for married couples to achieve maqashid asy-syari'ah. Through a marriage agreement, what is the goal of the Shari'a, namely to achieve benefit can be realized or achieved.
Fleksibelitas Ibadah dan Muamalah Perspektif Fikih Pandemi
Authors: Marnita Marnita
Published: January 2022

The purposes of this research are; First, to analyze the flexibility of Islamic law related to Pandemic situations that contagious in every single country in the World. So, the world has new diligence in Fiqh named Pandemic Fiqh. Second, as is Pandemic Fiqh we need to review Ulama, Government Policy, and the application in public. The research method that used is qualitative research, with descriptive-analytic methods with a Literature Study approach accompanied with observations of what was happened in a community environment. The example of Pandemic Fiqh’s diligence in pure worship and not pure in an emergency like pandemic situations caused Coronavirus Disease (Covid-19) that was experienced in Indonesia at this time. Indonesia’s Ulama issuing opinions and the Government made the regulations to break the chains of spreading the Covid-19. It has been proven that created varied opinions and views in the Indonesian Muslim community. So that one side raises the understanding of the policies. On the other side, they created different conflicts of perspectives and understandings. With Pandemic Fiqh, we can unite all of the perspectives and different applications in the Indonesian Muslim community.
Membaca Pemikiran Kuntowijoyo dalam Hubungan Ilmu dan Agama Perspektif Islam
Authors: A'yuni Siti Qurrotul , Hijrawan Radia
Published: January 2022

This study examines the thoughts of Kuntowijoyo as a Muslim scholar who is very influential in Indonesian scientific disciplines. In his view, Indonesian Muslims have gone through stages of awareness. These stages are divided into three periods, namely: the period of myth, the period of ideology and the period of science.The mythical period where ancient people really believed in something mystical. Then the development of the era in the Ideological Period began to recognize scientific treasures so that some of these mystical beliefs could be proven by science. Meanwhile, humans are currently in the Period of Science, namely interpreting modern sciences. A detailed explanation related to the period was compiled based on several references obtained by the author in qualitative research methods and packaged in the Library Research. The author identifies through Kuntowijoyo's original work and explores other scientific studies related to his written thoughts, both in print and digital media. The results show the study of Islam as a science, the method of transcendental structuralism and the concept of prophetic social science according to Kuntowijoyo in an Islamic perspective.
The Students’ Perception of Speech Method toward The University Students’ Speaking Skill
Authors: Wulandari Ayu
Published: January 2022

To perceive the existence of Speech Method toward the students’ speaking skill, this researcher conducts a descriptive qualitative research design in order to find the students’ problem that gets some difficulties. Speech Method is taught to students of the sixth semester 2014 A who learn speaking skill by delivering in front of the class with a minimally limitation of time which is given by the lecturer in order the students can speak fluently. The researcher takes 12 students who are always active in joining the Speaking IV subject as the respondents of the research. By using a questionnaire and interview as methods to collect the concrete data, the researcher concluded that the existence of Speech Method improves students’ speaking skill. It is proven in the answer of questionnaire that eleven (11) or 93% respondents agree on it. Unfortunately, there are some difficulties gotten by the students, in which many students feel nervous in delivering their speech and have limited vocabularies that make them cannot speak up in front of the audiences. While, students perceive that they just do not like on the technique used by lecturer who gives more explanation than the exercise. Mostly students also stated that the lecturer of Speech Method cannot make the class to be interesting. The students perceived that Speech Method existence improves students’ speaking skill but students want the lecturer give more exercise on having speech in order that they can learn how to speak fluently.
Implementasi Program UKM English Club Mahasiswa Non-English Department
Authors: Noviyanti Masyitah
Published: January 2022

This research aims to find out how was the implementation of The English Club program, especially for non-English department students in Nahdlatul Ulama Sidoarjo University (UNUSIDA), as well as to know about the obstacles during the implementation. This research is a qualitative descriptive research, to collect the data, this research used interviews, observations and documentation. The data analysis technique used is qualitative data analysis, namely data collection, data reduction and conclusion. The results showed that English Club, has four main activities, namely English Conversation, English Course, English Fest and Creative Writing. The success of the implementation program can be seen through four aspects such as; kind of programs, material, Tutor quality, and learning environment. The data research showed that 75% respondents strongly agree that the implementation of English club programs has succeed.  There are some obstacles of the implementation of English club programs such as; Sidoarjo is the red zone of Covid-19 pandemic, so several program cannot run well. It is difficult to arrange the schedule which should be suitable for all the members from different program study.  The last is the busyness of English Club members with other activities outside the English Club.
OCORRÊNCIA DE DEFEITOS DENTINÁRIOS APÓS O USO DOS SISTEMAS BIORACE, K3, PROTAPER UNIVERSAL E HERO 642
Authors: Guedes Orlando Aguirre , Moreira-Júnior João Milanez , Estrela Lucas Rodrigues de Araújo , Boggian Luciana Carvalho , Dorilêo Maura Cristiane Gonçales Orçati , Sousa Vinícius Caixeta de , Oliveira Helder Fernandes de
Published: January 2022

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o surgimento de defeitos na dentina radicular após o uso de diferentes sistemas rotatórios de níquel-titânio (NiTi). Cem molares inferiores humanos tiveram as coroas e raízes mesiais removidas a fim de se obter um espécime de 14 mm da raiz distal. Vinte raízes serviram como controle e não foram preparadas. As demais foram alocadas em 4 grupos (n = 20) e preparadas com os seguintes sistemas: BioRace®, K3®, ProTaper Universal® e Hero 642®. Após o preparo as raízes foram seccionadas perpendicularmente ao seu longo eixo a 1, 3, 6 e 9 mm do ápice, coradas com azul de metileno a 1% e examinadas em um estereomicroscópio com aumento de 40X. Os discos de dentina foram inspecionados e a ausência/presença de defeitos da dentina radicular registrada. A análise estatística dos dados incluiu distribuição de frequência e teste de associação. A significância estatística para a associação entre as variáveis ​​foi determinada pelo teste do Qui-quadrado. O nível de significância estabelecido foi p <0,05. Um total de 300 fatias foram examinadas. O sistema BioRace® promoveu mais fraturas e outros defeitos quando comparado aos sistemas K3® e Hero 642® (p<0,05). Não foram observadas diferenças significativas entre os sistemas BioRace® e ProTaper Universal® (p>0,05). Com relação aos níveis de profundidade do canal radicular, maior quantidade de defeitos foi observada nos cortes realizados a 6 e 9 mm do ápice radicular. O uso de instrumentos de NiTi durante o preparo do canal resultou em defeitos na dentina.
30 MELHORES RESUMOS DE TRABALHOS APRESENTADOS NO EVENTO XXI JOCAPE (ONLINE) – JORNADA ODONTOLÓGICA DO CAPE
Authors: Lazari Priscilla Cardoso
Published: January 2022

30 MELHORES RESUMOS DE TRABALHOS APRESENTADOS NO EVENTO XXI JOCAPE (ONLINE) – JORNADA ODONTOLÓGICA DO CAPE. 

Dias 01, 02 e 03 de dezembro de 2021
ANÁLISE DO CONHECIMENTO DE PROFISSIONAIS DE NÍVEL SUPERIOR DA UNIDADE DE SAÚDE DA FAMÍLIA SOBRE O CÂNCER BUCAL
Authors: Silva Amanda Barroso da , Souza Danielle Batista de , Oliveira Gabriel Carneiro de , Souza Gabrielly Caetano de , Mundim Mayara Barbosa Viandelli , Dos Reis Liliane Braga Monteiro
Published: January 2022

Objetivo: Analisar o conhecimento dos cirurgiões-dentistas, médicos e enfermeiros das Unidades de Saúde da Família de Anápolis-GO, a respeito do câncer bucal. Métodos: Estudo quantitativo com médicos, enfermeiros e cirurgiões-dentistas das equipes de saúde da família do município de Anápolis-GO. A coleta de dados ocorreu por meio do aplicativo Google Forms. Foram coletados dados sobre o perfil demográfico, conhecimento sobre prevenção, diagnóstico e tratamento e atitudes e práticas frente ao tema. Os dados foram coletados entre 11/2020 e 02/2021, tabulados e analisados por meio de estatística descritiva, utilizando-se o programa IBM SPSS 22,0. Parecer CEP UniEVANGÉLICA número 3.848.550. Resultados: Taxa de resposta de 11,6% (N=25), 80% sexo feminino, idade média de 36,4 anos (DP=12,0), tempo de graduação entre zero e 34 anos. 60% (n=15) consideram seu nível de conhecimento sobre o câncer bucal como ótimo ou bom. Quanto a maior prevalência 80% (n=20) citou o sexo masculino, com idade acima de 40 anos 76% (n=19) e 40% (n=10) respondeu que o carcinoma de células escamosas é a neoplasia mais prevalente na boca. 20% (n=5) dos participantes responderam não saber sobre as características clínicas mais prevalentes compatíveis com a hipótese de câncer de boca e a maioria 76% (n=19) não se sente capacitado para realizar uma biópsia. Grande parte dos participantes 88% (n=22) expressou a vontade de participar de algum curso de atualização sobre o tema. Conclusões: Os profissionais relatam conhecimento sobre o câncer de boca embora se sintam inseguros diante de algumas especificidades, e expressam vontade de capacitação sobre o tema.
PREPARO DO CANAL RADICULAR COM PRODESIGN LOGIC EM ACESSOS ENDODÔNTICOS MODIFICADOS DE PRÉ-MOLARES INFERIORES COM ABFRAÇÃO
Authors: Silva Renata Araújo , Petineli Isamara Rocha de Carvalho , Izelli Thabata Frederico , Alves Regis Augusto Aleixo
Published: January 2022

A confecção de instrumentos com liga de memória controlada (CM- controlled memory) para o preparo do canal radicular possibilitaram simplificação da técnica operatória e acessos e preparos mais conservadores com remoção de menor quantidade de estrutura dentária saudável. O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever um relato de caso cujo acesso e preparo endodônticos foram realizados com técnica modificada a partir de lesões de abfração presente nos pré-molares inferiores para preservar estrutura coronária remanescente. Paciente do sexo masculino, 48 anos, acometido por abscesso periapical sem fístula em evolução, procurou atendimento de urgência em consultório particular queixando-se de dor intensa no dente 34. Este dente e os demais pré-molares inferiores foram indicados para tratamento endodôntico e posterior restauração com resina composta, pois apresentavam características de processo de desgaste dentário com exposição da cavidade pulpar na região cervical da face vestibular compatível com lesões de abfração. A cavidade de acesso endodôntico foi realizada a partir da própria região acometida pela abfração. Os instrumentos utilizados no preparo do canal radicular foram limas com liga de memória controlada Prodesign Logic acionadas em rotação contínua em motor endodôntico. Após 2 anos de acompanhamento pôde-se evidenciar que o tratamento proposto apresentou sinais de sucesso clínico e radiográfico, preservando estrutura dentária saudável e trazendo impacto na longevidade dos dentes.

PALAVRAS-CHAVE:

Desgaste dos dentes, endodontia, preparo de canal radicular, tratamento conservado.
ANÁLISE DA FREQUÊNCIA DE DEFEITOS MORFOLÓGICOS PRODUZIDOS NA SUPERFÍCIE ATIVA DE INSTRUMENTOS BIORACE E PROTAPER NEXT APÓS REPETIDOS USOS
Authors: De Oliveira Helder Fernandes , Endo Mônica Misaé , Tavares Ângela Patrícia Fernandes , Filho Carlos Delfino de Borba , Bueno Noyha , Castro Victor Carvalho , Camilo Naira Geovana , Guedes Orlando Aguirre
Published: January 2022

Analisar a frequência de defeitos morfológicos produzidos na superfície ativa de diferentes instrumentos Biorace e Protaper Next após repetidos usos por meio da microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV). Trinta réplicas de molares inferiores prototipados foram aleatoriamente distribuídos em dois grupos (n=15) conforme o sistema rotatório utilizado: G1. Biorace®; G2. Protaper Next®. Para instrumentação dos canais foram utilizados 01 jogo de cada sistema totalizando 15 usos. Após o preparo, todos os instrumentos foram lavados em cuba ultrassônica e posteriormente analisados em imagens de MEV de imagens de 50x e 1000x para visualizar alterações morfológicas quanto à presença de embotamento das bordas, ranhuras, microcavidades e trincas. Para determinação dos defeitos na superfície do instrumento, dividiu-se a parte ativa em 14 partes considerando os dois lados nominadas seguimentos de 1 ao 7. As frequências dos defeitos encontrados para cada segmento dos instrumentos de cada grupo foram cruzadas com os dados do número do instrumento por meio do teste do Qui-quadrado. Quanto a frequência dos defeitos, não houve diferença na comparação entre os instrumentos de cada sistema. Na comparação entre os grupos Biorace® e Protaper Next® houve diferença (p<0,05). A frequência relativa (%) dos defeitos morfológicos revelou um maior índice de defeitos para o Protaper Next® (85,7%), seguido e Biorace® (61,9%). Todos os instrumentos dos grupos analisados apresentaram defeitos na superfície ativa superfície ativa após os repetidos usos.
Do Citizens of a City that Owns a Local Public Airport Have Attachment to the Airport and Use it?
Authors: Morimoto Yu , Koide Takeshi , Koide Takeshi , Sugiura Yuko
Published: January 2022

This research investigates whether passengers living in a city with a local public airport have an attachment to that airport and tend to use it. Focusing on the greater Kansai area with its three airports and Kobe, which owns one of them, Kobe Airport, as an example, an empirical analysis was conducted using a nested logit model and micro data. The result of the basic model shows that passengers living in Kobe prefer the Kobe Airport when compared to passengers living in other cities. An additional analysis based on a questionnaire survey revealed that a certain percentage of respondents choose Kobe Airport because they love it, meaning that the non-economic factor of attachment influences passengers’ decisions. The results of this research suggest that enhancing attachment to an airport might be a possible idea for policy makers of airport cities to increase their passengers.
ANALYSIS OF THE TRAFFIC LOAD–INDUCED STRESSES OF EMBANKMENT
Authors: Zakarka Mindaugas
Published: January 2022

This article represents traffic loads on the road structure distribution and evaluation of the vertical and horizontal stresses formation in the soil embankment. This evaluation allows to predict the depth and intensity of the propagation of additional stresses resulting from traffic loads. The calculations were performed in accordance with four normative documents applied in Lithuania, which define the loads on the road structure. The obtained results showed that the area to which the load is distributed has the greatest influence on the intensity of stresses and the distance of propagation. The maximum horizontal stress in the embankment was found to be no more than 70 kPa and the maximum stress propagation depth did not exceed 0.9 m. The results can be applied to a triaxial test apparatus to restore horizontal stresses in the embankment. It is recommended to select a lateral pressure from 20 kPa to 70 kPa for tests provided with triaxial test device. The mechanical properties of the soil determined with triaxial test device and recommended lateral pressure would be representative of the test results obtained in the field of embankment.
Socio-demographic determinants of COVID-19 vaccine uptake in Russia in the context of mandatory vaccination of employees
Authors: Maleva Tatiana M. , Kartseva Marina A. , Korzhuk Sophia V.
Published: January 2022

The paper offers an analysis of socio-demographic factors determining uptake of COVID-19 vaccine in Russia in 2021. The study focuses in particular on the role of mandatory vaccination of workers in certain sectors of the economy. The study is empirically based on three rounds of a nationally representative telephone survey, conducted in February–October 2021, which investigated the situation and behaviour of a cross section of the Russian adult population in the context of the spread of coronavirus.

The paper shows that the key factors behind vaccine uptake are age and education of the individual. People in older age groups and people with higher education are most inclined towards vaccination. By contrast, young people and people with low levels of education are least likely to be vaccinated. Other significant determinants of vaccination are experience of COVID-19 infection (self or a household member) and elderly or chronically ill members of the household. Among the employed, the economic sector where they work is an important determinant: workers in education, health care, and state and municipal administration are more likely to be vaccinated. The introduction of mandatory vaccination at a firm/organization with sanctions for unvaccinated employees has significant positive effect: the likelihood of an employee being vaccinated increases by 10 percentage points. The effect of mandatory vaccination is slightly greater for men than for women.
La pénalité urbaine en matière d’espérance de vie pendant la transition sanitaire au Danemark, 1850-1910
Authors: Torres Catalina , Richou Camille
Published: January 2022

La population urbaine du Danemark, durant le xix e  siècle, se caractérise par une croissance rapide et des conditions sanitaires médiocres. Cet article présente l’évolution de l’espérance de vie danoise entre 1850 et 1910, dans la population générale ainsi que dans les zones urbaines et rurales, à partir des données d’état civil sur les décès. Il analyse également les contributions des causes de décès aux évolutions de l’espérance de vie à Copenhague. Les années 1890 marquent le début d’un nouveau régime de mortalité, avec le passage d’une progression relativement lente de l’espérance de vie et d’une mortalité fluctuante à des progrès rapides et soutenus, surtout en ville. Jusque dans les années 1880, l’espérance de vie a augmenté essentiellement sous l’effet de la baisse de la mortalité des enfants de 1 à 4 ans. À partir des années 1890, le déclin de la mortalité infantile a contribué de manière significative à de nouveaux progrès de l’espérance de vie. La diminution des décès liés à un petit nombre de maladies (pour la plupart infectieuses) a été à l’origine de la majorité des gains d’espérance de vie à Copenhague. Bien qu’en recul, l’écart entre les zones urbaines et rurales a persisté pendant toute la période, en particulier pour les hommes.
SL$ _n(\mathbb{Z}) $-normalizer of a principal congruence subgroup
Authors: Sun Guangren ,   School of Mathematics and Physics, Anqing Normal University, Anqing, Anhui 246133, China, Zhao Zhengjun
Published: January 2022

Let SL$ _n(\mathbb{Q}) $ be the set of matrices of order $ n $ over the rational numbers with determinant equal to 1. We study in this paper a subset $ \Lambda $ of SL$ _n(\mathbb{Q}) $, where a matrix $ B $ belongs to $ \Lambda $ if and only if the conjugate subgroup $ B\Gamma_q(n)B^{-1} $ of principal congruence subgroup $ \Gamma_q(n) $ of lever $ q $ is contained in modular group SL$ _n(\mathbb{Z}) $. The notion of least common denominator (LCD for convenience) of a rational matrix plays a key role in determining whether B belongs to $ \Lambda $. We show that LCD can be described by the prime decomposition of $ q $. Generally $ \Lambda $ is not a group, and not even a subsemigroup of SL$ _n(\mathbb{Q}) $. Nevertheless, for the case $ n = 2 $, we present two families of subgroups that are maximal in $ \Lambda $ in this paper.
The Determinants of Undiagnosed Hypertension Among Indonesian Adults: A Cross-sectional Study Based on the 2014-2015 Indonesia Family Life Survey
Authors: Mahwati Yeni , Nurrika Dieta , Latief Kamaluddin
Published: January 2022

Objectives: This study investigated the determinants of undiagnosed hypertension among Indonesian adults.Methods: This study involved an analysis of secondary data from the 2014 Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS) on 5914 Indonesian adults (≥40 years). The determinant variables examined in this cross-sectional study were education level, monthly per capita expenditures (PCE), whether the participant experienced headaches in the morning, and other general health variables. The outcome variable was undiagnosed hypertension, which was defined as participants with hypertension who had not received a hypertension diagnosis from a health professional and had never been prescribed medication for treating hypertension. The data were analyzed using logistic regression.Results: A total of 3322 participants (56.2%) were found to have undiagnosed hypertension. The odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of undiagnosed hypertension were significantly higher among those who completed primary school or lower (OR, 1.60; 95% CI, 1.29 to 1.98), had low monthly PCE (OR, 1.28; 95% CI, 1.13 to 1.43), did not report experiencing headaches in the morning (OR, 1.97; 95% CI, 1.76 to 2.21), and reported a general health status of healthy (OR, 2.05; 95% CI, 1.82 to 2.30) than those who had a higher education level, had high monthly PCE, experienced headaches in the morning, and were unhealthy.Conclusions: Education level, monthly PCE, the experience of headaches in the morning, and general health status were associated with undiagnosed hypertension. The monitoring system for detecting undiagnosed hypertension cases must be strengthened. Health promotion is also necessary to reduce the prevalence of undiagnosed hypertension.
« Dessine-moi… » une prière. Gemmes magiques et écriture des noms divins en images dans le monde romain
Authors: Galoppin Thomas
Published: January 2022

Les gemmes magiques sont des amulettes en pierres gravées : leur pouvoir tient en partie aux noms barbares inscrits, ainsi qu’aux motifs représentés, parmi lesquels figurent de nombreuses divinités grecques, égyptiennes ou gréco-égyptiennes. Parfois, il semble que le design conjugue l’écrit et le dessin pour produire des noms divins en image. Le procédé peut être explicité par des textes rituels, mais il peut être compris aussi en partant de l’hypothèse que les motifs représentés possèdent une valeur symbolique cohérente avec une conception des hiéroglyphes dans le monde romain. La manipulation innovante de ces attributs onomastiques et iconographiques se réclame d’une tradition égyptienne dans la mesure où écrire avec des figures animales possède une valeur d’autorité dans l’art de manifester le divin.
CNC Milling of Medical-Grade PMMA
Authors: Wambua Job Maveke , Mwema Fredrick M. , Tanya Buddi , Jen Tien-Chien
Published: January 2022

This study evaluates CNC milling parameters (spindle speed, depth of cut, and feed rate) on medical-grade PMMA. A single objective analysis conducted showed that the optimal material removal rate (MRR) occurs at a spindle speed of 1250 rpm, a depth of cut of 1.2 mm, and a feed rate of 350 mm/min. The ANOVA showed that feed rate is the most significant factor towards the MRR, and spindle speed (11.83%) is the least contributing. The optimal surface roughness (Ra) occurred at spindle speed of 500 rpm, depth of cut of 1.2 mm, and feed rate of 200 mm/min. The milling factors were insignificant. A regression analysis for prediction was also conducted. Further, a multi-objective optimization was conducted using the Grey Relational Analysis. It showed that the best trade-off between the MRR and the Ra could be obtained from a combination of 1250 rpm (spindle speed), 1.2 mm (depth of cut), and 350 mm/min (feed rate). The depth of cut was the largest contributor towards the grey relational grade (54.48%), followed by the feed rate (10.36%), and finally, the spindle speed (4.28%).
Relation between pulmonary tuberculosis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Zamzam Mohamed A. , Agha Mohammed A. , Said Norhan A. , Eldahdouh Sami S.
Published: January 2022

Background/aim

Some studies have showed a link between pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) and the growth of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). So, the aim of this work was to study the prevalence of TB-associated COPD among patients with COPD.

Patients and methods

This study included 500 patients with a precise COPD diagnosis. It has been established in patients with preceding history of pulmonary or extrapulmonary TB. The patients were separated into two equivalent groups: group 1 contained 50 patients with TB-associated COPD, and group 2 contained 50 patients with COPD but without TB history. All included patients underwent full history, complete clinical examination, chest radiography, arterial blood gases, and pulmonary function tests.

Results

The prevalence of TB-associated COPD among the 500 patients with COPD was 16%. There was a significant difference in smoking habit between both groups (P=0.001). The mainstream of TB-associated COPD group was nonsmokers, even though most patients with COPD without TB were smokers. There was a significant increase in exacerbations in TB-associated COPD group when equated with patients with COPD without TB (P=0.02). Additionally, there was a significant increase in PaCO2 of the TB-associated COPD group compared with the other group (P=0.02). Moreover, this study recorded significant relation between the beginning of COPD and the number of anti-TB courses (P=0.001), and increased number of anti-TB courses was associated with earlier onset of COPD. The authors observed significant reduction in PFTs in patients who received two or more courses compared with patients who had customary only one course.

Conclusions

TB should be considered in patients with COPD, and COPD can be a consequence of TB even in the absence of any other risk factors. COPD-associated TB is associated with frequent exacerbations, worsened pulmonary function tests, and earlier start of COPD compared with patients with COPD owing to other risk factors.
Non-inferiority trials
Authors: Ranganathan Priya , Pramesh C. S. , Aggarwal Rakesh
Published: January 2022

Studies sometimes aim to show that a new intervention is not substantially worse than the existing standard of care while offering some benefits, for example, lower cost, decreased toxicity, or easier administration. Such studies are called non-inferiority (NI) trials. In this article, we look at some aspects of NI trials.
Transformation of family-based entrepreneurial activities in rural areas
Authors: Gugushvili Temur , Roep Dirk , Durglishvili Nino
Published: January 2022

The shift in policy focus from agriculture to rural development enables rural families to diversify their economic activities. Household-based resources, particularly human capital, are essential for capitalizing on newly developed opportunities. Locals with sufficient resources seize possibilities in agriculture and emerging economic sectors such as tourism. A case study (33 in-depth interviews) of Caucasus mountain households in Kazbegi and Mestia municipalities revealed the importance of human capital in attaining other types of resources, such as social and financial capital, and, ultimately, in the process of family-based economic development. Local families are encouraged to engage in and embrace contemporary farming practices in order to determine the most effective sustainable livelihoods. Along with long-established industries, households employ traditional knowledge to enter entrepreneurial tourism activities.
The methodology for assessing interest-rate policy rules: some comments
Authors: Watts Martin
Published: January 2022

This paper is critical of the conceptual foundations and methodology adopted by Smithin (2020) in his exploration of the impact of different interest-rate policy rules on inflation. His modelling framework is too narrow to adequately discriminate between different interest-rate rules in terms of their broader macroeconomic impacts.
Central banks and inflation: where do we stand and how did we get here?
Authors: Whelan Karl
Published: January 2022

The inability of central banks to attain their target inflation rates in recent years has raised questions about the extent to which central banks can control the inflation process. This paper discusses the evolution of thought and evidence since the 1960s on the determinants of inflation and the role that should be played by central banks. The paper highlights the roles played by two streams of thought associated with Milton Friedman: monetarist theories predicting a key role for monetary aggregates in determining inflation and the rise in popularity of the expectations-augmented Phillips curve. The author discusses the influence of the latter in determining the modern consensus on central-bank institutions and the relative roles for fiscal and monetary policies. The paper concludes with a discussion of macroeconomic developments since 2010 and current policy options to stimulate the economy and restore inflation to its target levels, including the merits of ‘helicopter money’.
Decision Trees with Soft Numbers
Authors: Fivel Oren , Klein Moshe , Maimon Oded
Published: January 2022

In this paper we develop the foundation of a new theory for decision trees based on new modeling of phenomena with soft numbers. Soft numbers represent the theory of soft logic that addresses the need to combine real processes and cognitive ones in the same framework. At the same time soft logic develops a new concept of modeling and dealing with uncertainty: the uncertainty of time and space. It is a language that can talk in two reference frames, and also suggest a way to combine them. In the classical probability, in continuous random variables there is no distinguishing between the probability involving strict inequality and non-strict inequality. Moreover, a probability involves equality collapse to zero, without distinguishing among the values that we would like that the random variable will have for comparison. This work presents Soft Probability, by incorporating of Soft Numbers into probability theory. Soft Numbers are set of new numbers that are linear combinations of multiples of ”ones” and multiples of ”zeros”. In this work, we develop a probability involving equality as a ”soft zero” multiple of a probability density function (PDF). We also extend this notion of soft probabilities to the classical definitions of Complements, Unions, Intersections and Conditional probabilities, and also to the expectation, variance and entropy of a continuous random variable, condition being in a union of disjoint intervals and a discrete set of numbers. This extension provides information regarding to a continuous random variable being within discrete set of numbers, such that its probability does not collapse completely to zero. When we developed the notion of soft entropy, we found potentially another soft axis, multiples of 0log(0), that motivates to explore the properties of those new numbers and applications. We extend the notion of soft entropy into the definition of Cross Entropy and Kullback–Leibler-Divergence (KLD), and we found that a soft KLD is a soft number, that does not have a multiple of 0log(0). Based on a soft KLD, we defined a soft mutual information, that can be used as a splitting criteria in decision trees with data set of continuous random variables, consist of single samples and intervals.
Percepción y comportamiento de compra: canasta familiar antes y durante la pandemia
Authors: Melquiades-Ticlio Axel Rodrigo , Roldan-Paredes Stiven Arturo , Soto-Shima Michael Hikaru , Zelada-Vasquez Edwin Jardel
Published: January 2022

El presente trabajo de investigación consistió en hacer un mapeo acerca de la composición de la canasta de mercado actualmente. Por tal motivo, la idea es analizar a través de la técnica estadística del mapeo, cuánto ha influenciado la pandemia en la canasta de mercado en la población de la región La Libertad. Para ello, se usó la herramienta Google Forms para llevar a cabo dicha encuesta, logrando tener un alcance de 173 personas (familiares, amigos, conocidos y extraños), para lograr así determinar un porcentaje de influencia de la pandemia sobre la canasta de mercado en dicho grupo. Posteriormente, los resultados fueron organizados en un Excel para su posterior uso y/o manejo en el programa RStudio. Donde, se realizó el análisis correspondiente a toda esa data de preguntas para poder obtener los diferentes resultados a través de gráficos didácticos y representativos, como gráfico de barras, además de softwares distintos como Zoho Analytics, entre otros. Por consiguiente, al final del estudio y el análisis se puede afirmar que en la población que se encuestó, la pandemia influyó de manera significativa en su canasta de mercado, siendo el motivo de la mayoría una reducción en sus ingresos salariales.
A cultura e a arte no cotidiano escolar
Authors: Moura Ana Karina de , Bertão Laine Marques dos Santos Almeida , Barreto Maria Luiza
Published: January 2022

Por meio do trabalho pedagógico em que se preza pela abordagem da cultura e da arte, é possível uma ressignificação da realidade, uma vez que a troca de experiências que ocorre no ambiente escolar manifesta que cada indivíduo compreende a mesma coisa de maneira diferente, construindo o próprio conhecimento e seu ponto de vista sobre cada situação. Sem dúvida, a cultura e a arte são consideradas mediadoras do conhecimento, permitindo que todos os indivíduos envolvidos nas trocas de experiências, por elas proporcionadas, construam uma aprendizagem enriquecedora e criativa. Logo, a cultura e a arte são meios de expressão da própria realidade. Elas não exprimem apenas o que se vê ou o que se pensa, mas o que ela realmente é: sua vitalidade, sua força, sua fraqueza, seus medos, seus sonhos, suas vontades, suas dúvidas, seus conflitos, seu temperamento e seu caráter, por exemplo. Sendo então, as mais completas formas de expressão do ser humano, desenvolvendo o pensamento, a percepção, a sensibilidade, a cognição e a intuição. Assim, por meio da revisão bibliográfica, o objetivo geral desse artigo buscou abordar a relevância da cultura e da arte no contexto escolar. E, a partir de então, chegou-se à conclusão que tais elementos contribuem significativamente para o processo de aprendizagem da criança.
PREDIKSI TINGGI CURAH HUJAN DAN KECEPATAN ANGIN BERDASARKAN DATA CUACA DENGAN PENERAPAN ALGORITMA ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK (ANN)
Authors: Panggabean Doni Albert Hasiholan , Sihombing Firman Maranatha , Aruan Nenni Mona
Published: January 2022

Kondisi cuaca merupakan faktor yang sangat mempengaruhi aktivitas manusia khususnya pada sektor transportasi karena kegiatan lalu lintas udara dan laut dilakukan dengan mempertimbangkan kondisi cuaca seperti hujan dan kecepatan angin. Untuk itu prediksi curah hujan dan angin penting dilakukan, sehingga semua kegiatan lalu lintas direncanakan dengan baik. Untuk mendapatkan hasil prediksi yang akurat, perlu dilakukan penelitian algoritma apa yang terbaik dan efektif. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan perbandingan pemodelan dari algoritma neural network yaitu Backpropagation (BPNN) dan Reccurent neural network (RNN). Dataset yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data cuaca periode 2010-2019 dari stasiun FL Tobing Badan Meteorologi, Klimatologi dan Geofisika yang berada di Kabupaten Tapanuli Tengah. Implementasi jaringan syaraf tiruan Backpropragation dan Reccuren dilakukan dengan membangun pemodelan prediksi, dimana dataset yang digunakan akan dinormalisasi terlebih dahulu untuk mendapatkan nilai RMSE terkecil. Berdasarkan percobaan yang telah dilakukan didapatkan bahwa dalam pemodelan prediksi curah hujan dengan nilai RMSE terkecil sebesar 0,079535 menggunakan algoritma BPNN. Sedangkan untuk pemodelan prediksi kecepatan angin diperoleh nilai RMSE terkecil sebesar 0,06281251 menggunakan algoritma RNN. Melalui penelitian ini didapatkan bahwa algoritma BPNN lebih baik dalam memprediksi curah hujan dan algoritma RNN lebih baik dalam memprediksi kecepatan angin.
Effect of BISP’S Unconditional Cash Transfer Program on Women Empowerment in Gilgit Baltistan
Authors: Ghazi Fatima , Rashid Muhammad Abo ul Hassan , Abbasi Saif Ur Rehman Saif , Raza Hassan
Published: January 2022

Benazir Income Support Program (BISP) is a targeted unconditional cash transfer program initiated to provide financial support to poor and vulnerable women for smoothing and cushioning the negative effects of slow economic growth. The present study aims to find out the effect of unconditional cash transfer BISP on women’s empowerment. We analyze women’s empowerment through exploring the effect of unconditional cash transfer on household decision making, their independence, status of women in the community and their freedom from domestic violence. We interviewed 20 beneficiaries among which 10 respondents belonged to district Gilgit whereas the remaining 10 were the residents of district Nagar the data was analyzed using thematic analysis. Purposive sampling was used for data collection and respondents were traced through snowball sampling technique. The findings aver that BISP has improved the household decision making of women, increased women independence at limited level and decreased domestic violence, however, minimal effect was observed on women’s status in society.
A Step towards enhancement of Macroeconomic Performance of Pakistan: Do Oil Price, Public Expenditures and Financial Development Matter?
Authors: Chaudhry Imran Sharif , Faheem Muhammad , Hussain Javaid , Ahmad Rashid
Published: January 2022

Oil price fluctuations have vital importance in macroeconomic performance. Our study demonstrates the impact of oil price fluctuations on the trade balance and economic growth in Pakistan. We employ a linear autoregressive distributed lag model (ARDL) for the period 1970-2018. The results showed that oil price negatively affected the total trade balance in Pakistan other control variables like the real effective exchange rate, real GDP (Home country) and financial development also negatively affected. While real GDP (Foreign country) influenced trade balance positively. In the second model, the results showed that oil price negatively affected economic growth in Pakistan and other control variables like government expenditure, financial development and gross capital formation are positively affected. The study results are useful for policymakers and government officials for making the policies regarding long-run economic growth as well as trade balance improvement.