bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
¿Son los voluntarios un recurso sustitutivo de los trabajadores? Una aproximación desde la economía social aragonesa
Authors: Martín Bailón Silvia , Bellostas Pérezgrueso Ana José , López Arceiz Francisco José
Published: February 2017

Las fundaciones son una de las manifestaciones de la Economía Social. Tradicionalmente, estas entidades han sido promovidas desde entornos familiares dando lugar a fundaciones de origen familiar. Dentro de la Comunidad Autónoma de Aragón constituyen un 24% del total de fundaciones activas. En estas entidades se concentran dos tipos de recursos humanos; trabajadores y voluntarios. El objetivo de este trabajo es estudiar la relación existente entre ambos dentro de este tipo de fundación, así como la influencia de las principales características económico-financieras de la misma sobre esta relación. Para ello, se ha tomado como punto de partida una muestra compuesta por 117 fundaciones activas en dicha Comunidad Autónoma. A través de un análisis de regresión y bajo un enfoque multigrupo se ha dado respuesta al objetivo de trabajo. Los resultados obtenidos muestran en términos generales una relación de complementariedad entre ambos recursos humanos. Además, se observa como las fundaciones más grandes, con fuerte liquidez, poco endeudadas, con dependencia de subvenciones públicas, bajos niveles de eficiencia económica y dedicadas a actividades religiosas intensifican la relación de complementariedad entre trabajadores y voluntarios
Histórias em quadrinhos, filosofia pop e filosofia política: a América da Liberdade versus os Estados Unidos da Verdade em “Uncle Sam”
Authors: Silva Heraldo Aparecido
Published: February 2017

O presente artigo tem por objetivo analisar a minissérie em quadrinhos U.S. Tio Sam, de Steve Darnall e Alex Ross (1998), a partir da filosofia pop de McLaughlin (2005) e Goodenough (2005), e da filosofia política de John Rawls (2000) e Robert Nozick (1991). Primeiramente, o estudo foca na descrição da obra para, em seguida, apresentar as perspectivas filosóficas que servem de aporte teórico analítico. A fundamentação teórica baseia-se em autores como: Eco (1993), Mix (1997), Eisner (1999), Moya (1994; 2003), McLaughlin (2005); Goodenough (2005), Vergueiro e Ramos (2009), dentre outros. A leitura filosófica a partir das ideias de Rawls (2000) e Nozick (1991) ocorre mediante a interpretação de temas extraídos da história em quadrinhos.Palavras-chave: Quadrinhos, filosofia pop, filosofia política
Phosphate Equilibration Rate and Daily Clearance in Patients on CAPD, CCPD and APD
Authors: Gomez Rafael , Waniewski Jacek , Zapata Adelaida , Pietribiasi Mauro , Lindholm Bengt
Published: February 2017

Background

Criteria for how to assess removal rate of inorganic phosphorous (iP) in peritoneal dialysis (PD) and whether iP removal differs between different PD modalities are debated.

Methods

In a cross-sectional study, 73 prevalent patients on continuous ambulatory PD (n = 16), continuous cyclic PD (n = 8) or automated PD (n = 49) with mean age 54 (range, 18–87) years, 46 males, underwent standard peritoneal equilibration test (PET) and 24-hour collection of dialysate with measurements of iP, urea and creatinine in all samples and bags. There were 11 slow, 53 average, and 9 fast transporters.

Results

D/P ratios for iP and creatinine at 4 h of PET were strongly correlated (ρ = 0.86, p<0.0001). Allocation of patients into slow, average and fast transporters according to D/P ratios for iP and creatinine was essentially similar. Whereas the weekly peritoneal clearance of iP (30.8 ± 16.6 L/wk) was lower than that of creatinine (38.4 ± 14.9 L/wk), clearances were strongly correlated (ρ = 0.89, p<0.0001). The correlation between peritoneal weekly clearance of iP and urea KT/V was however weak (ρ = 0.56, p<0.0001. CAPD patients had higher iP clearance than APD patients, 43.2 ± 14.9 versus 24.7 ± 13.4 L/wk (p<0.05); however, serum iP concentrations did not differ.

Conclusions

Creatinine is a good surrogate marker for phosphate removal, both as assessed by PET and by 24 hours' clearance, in different PD modalities. Therefore, a separate PET scale for phosphate may not be needed. iP removal was greater with CAPD than APD but serum phosphate levels did not differ.
Apical Transportation of ProGlider and ProTaper Next Activated with Different Motions
Authors: Arslan Hakan , Kirici Damla O. , Uygun Ahmet D. , Khalilov Ruslan , Güven Yahya , Karataş Ertuğrul , Aladağ Halit
Published: February 2017

Purpose

The aim of this study was to investigate the apical transportation of the ProGlider and ProTaper Next using 3 different motions (150° clockwise [CW]; 0° counter clockwise [CCW], 270° CW-30° CCW; and [360° CW] continuous rotation).

Materials and Methods

36 simulated, curved, plastic training blocks were randomly distributed into 3 groups for treatment according to the movement kinematics used for ProGlider (Dentsply Maillefer) followed by ProTaper Next (Dentsply Maillefer) instruments (n = 12): 150° CW-30° CCW, 270° CW-30° CCW, and 360° CW (continuous rotation). Pre- and post-instrumentation photographs were taken from the root canals in a standardized manner. Root canal transportation was calculated at 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 mm from the apical terminus of the canal. Data were analyzed using a Kruskal-Walis H test (p = .05).

Results

At the 1- and 2-mm levels, both reciprocating motions (150° CW-30° CCW and 270° CW-30° CCW) resulted in less transportation than those of continuous rotation (p<.05). However, there were no significant differences between the groups at the 3-, 4-, and 5-mm levels (p>.05).

Conclusions

Both reciprocating motions were found to have less canal transportation than the continuous rotation group at the 1- and 2-mm levels. This is the first study about the use of the ProGlider and ProTaper Next activated by different motions. Reciprocating motion can be beneficial for ProGlider and ProTaper Next to reduce transportation of root canals.
Two Dutch many ’s and the structure of pseudo-partitives
Authors: Ruys Eddy G.
Published: February 2017

This article discusses the syntax and semantics of Dutch pseudo-partitive constructions with measure nouns, such as drie liter water ‘three liters of water’. The major empirical puzzle is the distribution of two Dutch instances of many/much: veel and vele. Unlike earlier proposals, I analyze veel as a gradable adjective, and vele as a numeral. It turns out that in pseudo-partitives with pure measure readings, only vele can freely occur (veel liters water only allows a marked “liter-bottle” reading). This is puzzling, because veel is otherwise allowed both with mass and count terms, and both in the singular and in the plural. I adopt the more-or-less standard right-branching syntax for Dutch pseudo-partitives (providing some new arguments for its correctness), and propose a semantics for measure nouns which, in combination with Ionin & Matushansky’s semantics for cardinals, correctly characterizes these constructions and explains where pure measure readings occur. I then show that my analysis correctly derives the behavior of veel and vele in these constructions, given their characterization as a gradable adjective and a numeral.This article is part of the Special Collection: Partitives
The Impacts of Non-Performing Loans upon the Prices of Stocks in Jordanian Commercial Banks
Authors: Rawhi Hashem Firas Na'el , Alduneibat Khalid Ali Ahmad , Fayad altawalbeh Mohammad abdallah
Published: February 2017

The purpose of this study can be seen through the major attention that was given to the problem of non-performing loans by the banking institutions. Such attention was given to this problem due to the several impacts it has upon commercial banks and which may extend to affect the whole banking system, the current study aimed at identifying whether there is a statistically significant impact for the non - performing loans upon the prices of stocks or not in Jordanian commercial banks at the significance level of (a = 0.05). This study was concerned with investigating the Jordanian commercial banking sector during the period of (2005 –2015). The current study has given great attention to this sector because it is considered as the most vital sector in the Jordanian economic system. This study also shows that there is need for training workers in applying the credit policy that is being adopted. Such training should raise the practical efficiency levels of those employees. The study also showed that banks’ control should be stricter and they should set more dissuasive penalties in relation to granting facilities without having adequate guarantees.
Shareholder Value Creation: An Empirical Analysis of Indian Banking Sector
Authors: Gounder Chitra Gunshekhar , Venkateshwarlu M.
Published: February 2017

This study investigates the importance of economic value added for the shareholders’ value maximization. Economic value added (EVA) is a value based performance measurement tool that helps to settle down the management decision regarding creation of   shareholders value. Very few literatures are found regarding creation of shareholder values in banks. Sample of 40 Indian commercial listed Banks and panel data are used for the period of 2001 to 2015, the empirical findings for Public limited banks and overall Indian banks revealed that there is a positive and significant relationship between shareholder’s value maximization and EVA but in case of Private limited banks, DPS was found to have significant relationship with shareholder value. The Higher the value of  EVA, higher  shareholders value .The finding shows significant support for EVA and DPS, but it was found that EVA is  not efficiently used for Analysis and decision making regarding creation of value. Thus it is suggested to focus on criteria of EVA for analyzing shareholder’s value of banks.
Atrioventricular groove disruption after aortic valve replacement
Authors: Barua Anupama , Mills Rose J. , Kaul Pankaj , O’Regan David J.
Published: February 2017

Atrioventricular groove (AVG) disruption is a fatal complication after mitral valve surgery with high mortality. Here we present a case of aortic valve replacement complicated with AVG disruption.
Mandala making to foster understanding of theoretical concepts in nursing education: Stress and coping
Authors: Lapum Jennifer L. , Owusu Karen , Tan Andy N. , Rattan Simran , Nguyen Phung P.N. , Simoni Einav T. , Lee Charlotte T.
Published: February 2017

Opportunities for reflection upon theoretical concepts are a pedagogical necessity in nursing education. Arts-based teaching-learning methods, such as mandala making, can prompt narrative reflection and self-awareness. In this article, we discuss a teaching-learning activity that involved mandala making to facilitate nursing students’ theoretical understanding of health- and illness-related concepts specific to stress and coping. We begin by describing the activity followed by narrative reflections and mandalas from five students. We then share lessons learned in the context of the literature. We suggest that aesthetic narrative probes strengthen the mandala making process and foster deep reflection on theoretical concepts in nursing education.
Combining Ability for Drought Tolerance in Upland Rice Varieties at Reproductive Stage
Authors: Malemba G. M. , Nzuve F. M. , Kimani J. M. , Olubayo M. F. , Muthomi J. W.
Published: February 2017

Rice is an important food crop for human population ranking second among the mostly consumed cereal grains worldwide. Upland rice production is greatly constrained by drought stress resulting from rainfall variation patterns. Cultivation of drought tolerant varieties is considered the best option for drought management in rice production. The already released upland rice varieties are drought susceptible and have poor grain attributes hence, the aim of this study was to determine the combining ability for drought tolerance in upland rice. Four upland NERICA and two upland rice varieties were selected as parents for generating F1s crosses following 6 × 6 complete diallel. The generated 30 F1 crosses were advanced to F2 population for field evaluation. The F2 progenies together with six parents were planted in two sites; KALRO-Mwea Center Farm and Kirogo research Farm following a randomized complete block design in three replications. Drought stress was initiated 45 days after sowing after which data was collected on drought and agronomic parameters. The study revealed large genetic variations among the genotypes used. Both GCA and SCA were significant indicating the importance of both additive and non additive gene action in the expression of studied traits. In this study NERICA 2 and NERICA 15 were identified as good combiners for drought tolerance and grain yield under drought conditions. The single crosses namely; NERICA 15 × NERICA 2, NERICA 1 × NERICA 15, NERICA 11 × NERICA 15 and NERICA 2 × NERICA 15 were identified as superior for improving yield under drought conditions.
Evaluation of Growth and Yield of Purple Coneflower (Echinacea purpurea L.) in Response to Biological and Chemical Fertilizers
Authors: Hajagha Reza Isazadeh , Kirici Saliha , Tabrizi Leila , Asgharzadeh Ahmad , Hamidi Aydin
Published: February 2017

In order to study the effects of biological and chemical fertilizers on quantitative and qualitative yields of purple coneflower, an experiment was carried out during 2010-2012. The morphological traits such as plant height, number of lateral shoots, shoot fresh and dry weight, root fresh and dry weight, number of inflorescences per plant, number of flower buds per plant, and essential oil content and yield were measured. The results showed significant effects of the treatments on the growth parameters. In the second year, the mixture of the three bacteria plus mycorrhizal inoculum improved important parameters such as shoot dry weight (40.42%), root dry weight (60.02%), and number of inflorescences per plant (65.68%). Interestingly, these values were not significantly different from obtained results by the chemical fertilizers. Additionally, the essential oil content in plants treated with the mixture of the three bacteria were 152.14% and 25.11% higher than the control plants in the first and the second year, respectively. The essential oil yield in plants treated with the mixture of the three bacteria was higher than those treated with the chemical fertilizers in two years. The results indicate that using biological fertilizers is a good choice to reduce the use of chemical fertilizers as an important tool to contribute to a sustainable agriculture.
Natural Antioxidant Activity and Compounds Content from Wastes of Euterpe edulis Berries
Authors: Frasao Beatriz Da Silva , Costa Marion Pereira da , Rodrigues Bruna Leal , Lima Bruno Reis Costa , Conte-Junior Carlos Adam
Published: February 2017

The Euterpe edulis (Juçara) is native to Brazil, which berries and wastes present high antioxidant content. Therefore, in this study, microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) was investigated for antioxidant compounds extraction from E. edulis waste and maximized antioxidant activities using response surface methodology coupled with a central composite design. Three factors were observed: microwave power (400/500/600 W), exposition time (30/60/90 sec) and ethanol concentration solvent (40/60/80%). The extracts were characterized by determination of total phenolic (TPC), flavonoids (TFC), monomeric anthocyanins (TAC), tannins content (TTC), and in vitro antioxidant assay (AA%). The yield of TPC, TFC, TAC, and TTC varied at 595.43-2171.34 mg GAE.100 g DM-1, 137.36-251.24 mg QE.100 g DM-1, 179.32-354.38 mg C-3-GE.100 g DM-1 and 0.23-1.00 µg TAE.100 g DM-1, respectively. The optimal MAE parameters for TPC was microwave power 668.18 W, exposition time 110.45 s and aqueous ethanol concentration 93.64%, for TFC same parameters observed; though for TAC the different parameters were 532.28 W, and for TTC 9.55 s. However, for antioxidant activity, the parameters were 668.18 W, 110.45 s time and 64.41% of aqueous ethanol solvent. Therefore, this methodology was successfully applied for optimal extraction of total phenolics, flavonoids, monomeric anthocyanins and tannins from juçara waste and obtain optimal antioxidant activity.
Nutrients Use Efficiency and Uptake Characteristics of Panicum virgatum for Fodder Production
Authors: Giannoulis Kyriakos , Bartzialis Dimitrios , Skoufogianni Elpiniki , Danalatos Nicholaos
Published: February 2017

Panicum virgatum could produce cattle feed with lower costs due to the low input requirements and its perennial nature. Dry biomass yield vs. N-P-K nutrient uptake relations as well as the N-mineralization and the N-fertilization recovery fraction for Panicum virgatum (cv. Alamo) were determined under field conditions for four N-fertilization (0, 80, 160 and 240 kg ha-1) and two irrigation levels (0 and 250 mm), οn two soils in central Greece with rather different moisture status. It was found that the dry fodder yield on the aquic soil may reach 14 t ha-1 using supplemental irrigation; while on the xeric soil a lower yield of 9-10 t ha-1 may be produced only under supplemental irrigation. Moreover, the average N, P and K concentration was 1.3%, 0.14% and 1.3% in leaves, and 0.5%, 0.85%, and 1.5% in stems, respectively, showing the very low crop requirements. Furthermore, linear biomass yield-nutrient uptake relationships were found with high R2, pointing to nutrient use efficiency of 132 and 75 kg kg-1, for N and K respectively. The base N-uptake ranged from 71-74 kg ha-1 on the aquic to 60 kg ha-1 or less on the xeric soil. Finally, it was found that N-recovery fraction was 20% on the aquic soil and lower on the xeric. Therefore, it could be conclude that Panicum virgatum seems to be a very promising crop for fodder production and its introduction in land use systems (especially οn aquic soils of similar environments) should be taken into consideration.
Training Program Efficacy in Developing Health Life Skills among Sample Selected from Kindergarten Children
Authors: Al Mohtadi Reham Mohammad , Al Zboon Habis Sa’ad
Published: February 2017

This study drove at identifying the training program efficacy in developing the health life skills among sample selected from Kindergarten children. Study sample consisted of 60 children of both genders, ages of which are ranged from 5-6 years old. We have applied herein the pre and post dimension of health life skills scale; consisting of 28 Paragraphs among the study sample. The training program, which was prepared to measure the health life skills, has been applied to training group individuals. The collected outcomes referred to statistical significance differences in the study individuals’ performance, on health life skills scale, which are attributed to group, in the favor of experimental group. Moreover, the outcomes referred to differences of statistical significance attributed to gender in the favor of females. The collected outcomes have been discussed and further the study concluded some recommendations.
Promoting Children’s Healthy Social-Emotional Growth: Dialogue Journal
Authors: Konishi Chiaki , Park Sol
Published: February 2017

Dialogue journals are a form of writing in which a student and a teacher carry on a conversation over time. This paper addresses the benefits of using dialogue journals for promoting a positive social-emotional learning (SEL) environment for children in school settings. Educators and researchers have increasingly acknowledged the importance of SEL in schools, and the recognition has been gradually spread around the world in recent years. Despite the increased recognition of the importance of SEL, teachers often appear to feel unacquainted with tactics for promoting children’s social-emotional growth. We provide our readers with a theoretical and practical rationale behind the benefits in the framework of SEL. We also provide practical guidelines for the implementation of the dialogue journals in schools. Further, successful examples of the use of dialogue journals which we have drawn upon during classes in different countries are presented in order to help teachers promote the positive SEL environment for students at school.
Análise multicritério de decisão e sua aplicação na gestão da saúde: uma proposta de revisão sistemática da literatura
Authors: Longaray André Andrade , Munhoz Paulo Roberto da Silva , Tondolo Vilmar Antonio Gonçaves , Quadro Ray Cassahi
Published: February 2017

Este artigo apresenta uma revisão sistemática da literatura sobre o uso da análise multicritério de decisão em processos decisórios na área da saúde. Nesse sentido, fazendo-se uso da técnica de bibliometria, foram identificados os segmentos da Gestão da Saúde em que métodos multicritério têm sido aplicados; os métodos multicritério empregados, os países onde estes estudos foram realizados, os autores mais citados, o número de trabalhos publicados por ano e as palavras-chave mais utilizadas. Entre as conclusões, verificou-se que o Analytic Hierarchy Process é o método multicritério mais empregado. Averiguou-se, também, que o segmento de aplicação mais proeminente é a área de TI na Gestão da Saúde.
Dimensionamento do lote no MRP com sequenciamento de itens: aplicação em uma empresa de fabricação de PVC
Authors: Costa Reinaldo Oliveira , Santos Ricardo Silva , Silva Adriano Maniçoba da , Ferreira William De Paula
Published: February 2017

Um dos vários desafios de qualquer organização é a realização do planejamento da produção que, se incorreto, pode resultar na ociosidade de máquinas no processo produtivo. Em trabalhos anteriores, nos quais se investigaram o efeito do dimensionamento do lote no MRP, não se considerou o sequenciamento de itens. Neste estudo, investigaram-se os efeitos de variações no tamanho do lote no MRP e seus reflexos na ociosidade de máquinas no processo produtivo de uma empresa no ramo de PVC. Com a mudança da regra de lote por lote (L4L) para quantidade fixa (EOQ) foi possível obter redução significativa na ociosidade das máquinas. Os resultados apontam a importância de considerar o sequenciamento de componentes no estudo da sistemática de gerenciamento do MRP e seu impacto na ociosidade das máquinas. Concluiu-se que a sequência dos itens no processo produtivo deve ser considerada quando da decisão de dimensionamento do lote no MRP.
Planejamento estratégico de uma pequena empresa por meio das matrizes importânciadesempenho e critério-processo
Authors: Dos Santos Bruno Miranda , Niederauer Guilherme , Godoy Leoni Pentiado , Moro Matheus Fernando , Dos Reis Camila Candida Compagnoni
Published: February 2017

O planejamento estratégico é abordado como uma ferramenta de gestão fundamental na adequação de problemas existentes nas organizações. Sob esta ótica, o objetivo neste trabalho é propor um planejamento estratégico para uma empresa de pequeno porte prestadora de serviços de exterminação de pragas. Para a coleta das informações, foi aplicado um questionário em 54 clientes da empresa, bem como entrevistado o gestor dessa organização. Utilizaram-se as matrizes importância-desempenho e critério-processo para verificar a opinião dos consumidores em relação aos critérios qualificadores dos serviços de empresas do ramo. Constatou-se que o preço executado pela empresa gera insatisfação por parte dos clientes. Foram identificados os processos que refletem no preço da execução do serviço, para que estes sejam aprimorados. Por fim, elaborou-se um plano de ação com propostas de melhorias nos processos, desenvolvido no formato 5W2H, com o intuito de melhorar a eficiência destes.
A externalização em P&D como estratégia de organizações industriais de base tecnológica
Authors: Schreiber Dusan , Schmidt Serje
Published: February 2017

A capacidade de inovar tornou-se determinante para o diferencial competitivo sustentável das organizações. A necessária transversalidade desse processo, entretanto, tem provocado polêmica quanto à externalização ou não dessas atividades. Alguns autores argumentam que a externalização minimiza custos de supervisão e controle de processos internos, permite a aquisição do conhecimento externo e aumenta a produtividade de P&D e, portanto, a taxa de inovação. Outros destacam que a internalização de P&D viabiliza a gestão do conhecimento internamente desenvolvido, idiossincrático, não imitável, insubstituível e raro, para a construção do diferencial competitivo da organização. A temática é contemporânea e relevante, principalmente para o posicionamento estratégico das empresas. Este artigo foi construído com base em resultados obtidos em um estudo de casos múltiplos em três organizações industriais de base tecnológica. Os resultados permitiram evidenciar que a decisão sobre externalizar as atividades de P&D é central para fundamentar o posicionamento estratégico dessas organizações.
A metodologia criativa TRIZ analisada por meio de um estudo em patentes
Authors: Carvalho Alexsandro Cardoso , De Jesus Jailson Souza , Quonian Luc
Published: February 2017

Este artigo aborda a criatividade como metodologia, especificamente a Teoria da Solução Inventiva de Problemas (TRIZ). Nesta pesquisa exploratória suportada por uma análise de patentes, realizamos análises quantitativas e qualitativas sobre essas patentes objetivando identificar como a TRIZ é utilizada na inovação tecnológica e especificamente a existência de contribuições inovadoras à TRIZ. Analisamos 57 documentos de patentes disponíveis na base Espacenet e, depois de separados, filtrados e normalizados, restaram 27 documentos. Estes foram resumidos e agrupados em categorias e analisados do ponto de vista de país de origem, palavras mais utilizadas, por ano de depósito e applicant. Após análise dos resultados, identificamos a TRIZ como uma importante metodologia de suporte ao processo inventivo e verificamos o esforço de interação da TRIZ com outras metodologias de apoio à criatividade. Também encontramos atualizações na TRIZ referentes ao uso da base de patentes, clusterização de princípios inventivos e soluções de matriz nula.
QFD aplicado ao desenvolvimento de software: priorização de requisitos do cliente em uma matriz de funções
Authors: Scalvenzi Lisiane , Cauchick Miguel Paulo A.
Published: February 2017

O Quality Function Deployment (QFD) é um método usado para desenvolvimento de produtos em diversos setores industriais. Uma de suas aplicações é no desenvolvimento de software. Neste trabalho, objetivou-se demonstrar uma aplicação do QFD e obter melhor entendimento dos requisitos dos clientes, facilitando o desenvolvimento do software. A aplicação foi baseada em dados e informações já existentes utilizadas no desenvolvimento de um software para captura de imagens advindas de equipamentos radiológicos, sem o uso do QFD. Comparando-se o desenvolvimento com e sem o QFD verificou-se melhoria na compreensão sobre o entendimento e priorização dos requisitos do cliente; porém, observaram-se pontos negativos, como baixa priorização de funções essenciais do programa. Este trabalho destaca-se por possibilitar a construção de uma matriz de funções. Com isso, concluiu-se que a utilização do QFD é adaptável ao desenvolvimento de software, proporcionando um suporte importante na identificação de prioridades de desenvolvimento, organização e documentação de requisitos.
Aplicação da gestão da qualidade para melhoria da eficiência produtiva e de longo prazo em uma indústria de reciclagem
Authors: Sousa Diego Camilo Ferreira , Claudino Calline Neves de Queiroz , MELO FAGNER JOSÉ COUTINHO
Published: February 2017

Atualmente, às organizações necessitam de vantagens competitivas que também promovam um desenvolvimento que possibilite a elas sustentação e segurança no mercado. Neste estudo, objetivou-se elaborar um plano de longo prazo de gestão da qualidade voltado à eficiência produtiva a partir da economia da qualidade, para garantir a longevidade de uma organização de remodelagem de pneus. Assim, utilizaram-se princípios da economia da qualidade, engenharia de métodos, técnicas de cronoanálise. Verificou-se que não há acompanhamento dos processos produtivos por parte dos gestores, bem como inexiste uma gestão da qualidade. Concluiu-se que as técnicas utilizadas foram eficientes para compor uma política de gestão adequada às necessidades de médio e longo prazo da empresa analisada e para manter sua competitividade e longevidade. Além disso, salienta-se que a gestão da qualidade é imprescindível como ferramenta de apoio à tomada de decisões e para que os gestores compreendam melhor os fatores que interferem no processo produtivo.
Factors influencing effectiveness of age diverse teams
Authors: Widerszal-Bazyl Maria , Wołodźko Elżbieta
Published: February 2017

In this article three social psychology theories that allow to predict effectiveness of age diverse teams were presented shortly. Then a cycle of German studies that have identified factors influencing the relationship between age diversity and teams effectiveness were reviewed. The above factors were respectively discussed. They were: age saliance, age stereotypes, task complexity, age discrimination, appreciation of age diversity, ergonomic working conditions. Practical implications of the cycle of studies were presented.
Design of the acoustic treatment of an office room with the use of sound absorbing suspended ceilings
Authors: Mikulski Witold
Published: February 2017

Working in an office room required to ensure the lowest possible noise. For this purpose, a room should provide a reverberation time RT between 0,4 and 0,6 s. In order to achieve such a standard in regard to acoustic conditions, rooms must have high sound absorption. Minimum sound absorption of open plan office rooms per square meter of floor is 1.1 m2. The article presents a method for calculating sound absorption of room according to Polish standards PN-B-02151-4: 2015. An example of use of the two acoustic ceilings with different sound absorption coefficients α has been given. The results of calculation of sound absorption of the room showed that a ceiling with sound absorption α above 0.9 will be sufficient to obtain appropriate acoustic absorption. The given method should always be used when designing and renewal of office rooms.
Identifikace mobilizačních témat Dělnické strany sociální spravedlnosti skrze analýzu sociálních médií
Authors: Hanzelka Jan
Published: February 2017

The article “Identification of Workers’ Party of Social Justice (DSSS) mobilization issues using a social media analysis” is focused on using the analysis of data obtained from social media in political science and security research, specifically research of mobilization issues of the Czech far-right Workers' Party of Social Justice (DSSS) political party. Based on the theoretical framework and using a combination of content and framework analyses of their Facebook page, we tried to identify and describe the mobilization issues that this party uses, and which also have high response from the supporters of the party. The results show that in the last three years a rapid change can be seen in the mobilization potential associated with a shift from anti-Roma mobilization issues to issues oriented against immigration and Islam. General mobilization is then built on the principle of negation and delimitation towards other actors, especially the current establishment, and is based on a feeling of injustice.
Use of multi-group confirmatory factor analysis in examining measurement invariance in counseling psychology research
Authors: Xu Hui , Tracey Terence J. G.
Published: February 2017

The purpose of this article is to introduce the theoretical implications and analytic strategies of measurement invariance. The article is focused on three important invariance conditions, consisting of configural invariance, metric invariance, and scalar invariance. Configural invariance refers to a qualitatively invariant measurement pattern of latent constructs across groups. Metric invariance refers to a quantitatively invariant measurement model of latent constructs across groups. Scale invariance refers to invariant mean levels of latent constructs across groups. While each invariance condition depicts one aspect of the relation between latent constructs with manifest observations, a progressive statistical strategy of measurement invariance was introduced based on multi-group confirmatory factor analysis. The article also provided a case example illustrating how to apply and examine measurement invariance in counseling psychology, with detailed theoretical implications and analytic decision-makings in each step. Application of measurement invariance in measurement comparison across multiple groups (e.g., gender, developmental stages, and national boundaries) was discussed and recommended.
The therapeutic relationship and Cognitive Behavioural Therapy: A case study of an adolescent girl with depression
Authors: Easterbrook Cheryl Joy , Meehan Trudy
Published: February 2017

The therapeutic relationship in Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) has been argued to play an essential role in positive outcomes in therapy. However, it is described as necessary and yet, secondary to technique, often receiving little attention in the training of CBT therapists. This case study explores a trainee psychologist’s experience of finding difficulty in feeling authentic and the application of CBT techniques with her client. This difficulty informed the research question; what is the value of the therapeutic relationship in CBT? A hermeneutic approach with a strong emphasis on phenomenology, is used to explore the therapeutic process and the therapeutic relationship that developed between therapist and client. Qualitative descriptions of 11 sessions are divided into themes, these are discussed in relation to what happened in therapy, and are then discussed further regarding discovery and process into the therapeutic relationship. Conclusions from this case study could possibly reveal the value of the therapeutic relationship when working from a CBT approach, and how it seemed to enable the client to achieve her goal in therapy.
“Y serán desplayados”. Recorrido histórico sobre los bienes comunes, pescadores artesanales y control legal del litoral en Chile
Authors: Camus Gayan Pablo , Hidalgo Dattwyler Rodrigo
Published: February 2017

This article seeks to contribute to knowledge about the so-called “commons” through a historical study focused on the conflictive relationship that existed regarding the use of beaches among waterfront-property owners, artisanal fishermen and government authorities in Chile. The condition of certain coastal zones of commons enabled fishermen to demand their rights and to subsist in a hostile environment. There was a series of difficulties that were multiplied in the 20th century through military intervention by the state and that had repercussions in a series of petitions regarding fishing activity and property rights. Moreover, fishermen alternated developing survival strategies that helped them to avoid being completely “deprived of beaches.” The methodology used was research of primary sources housed in the Archivo Nacional de Chile that show the struggles waged by fishermen to maintain these spaces of common use and to protect them against encroachment by fiscal authorities and private property owners along the shoreline.
¿Conveniencia o necesidad? La formación de la clase obrera en las Universidades Laborales franquistas (1955-1978)
Authors: Delgado-Granados Patricia , Ramírez-Macías Gonzalo
Published: February 2017

One of the main objectives of Franco’s educational policy was the training of the working class, which is why one of the principal educational institutions created during that period were the Universidades Laborales. This article is focused on analyzing the ends sought by these macroinstitutions in preparing the future workers of Spain, and it makes use of a variety of primary sources —documentary, archival, graphic and juridical— in order to study the subject. The conclusions indicate that the objectives of the Universidades Laborales were, on the one hand, specialized professional training and, on the other hand, their indoctrination in the ideological principles advocated by the regime.
Transient inhibition and long-term facilitation of locomotion by phasic optogenetic activation of serotonin neurons
Authors: Correia Patrícia A , Lottem Eran , Banerjee Dhruba , Machado Ana S , Carey Megan R , Mainen Zachary F
Published: February 2017

Serotonin (5-HT) is associated with mood and motivation but the function of endogenous 5-HT remains controversial. Here, we studied the impact of phasic optogenetic activation of 5-HT neurons in mice over time scales from seconds to weeks. We found that activating dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) 5-HT neurons induced a strong suppression of spontaneous locomotor behavior in the open field with rapid kinetics (onset ≤1 s). Inhibition of locomotion was independent of measures of anxiety or motor impairment and could be overcome by strong motivational drive. Repetitive place-contingent pairing of activation caused neither place preference nor aversion. However, repeated 15 min daily stimulation caused a persistent increase in spontaneous locomotion to emerge over three weeks. These results show that 5-HT transients have strong and opposing short and long-term effects on motor behavior that appear to arise from effects on the underlying factors that motivate actions.
Structural basis for inhibition of erythrocyte invasion by antibodies to Plasmodium falciparum protein CyRPA
Authors: Chen Lin , Xu Yibin , Wong Wilson , Thompson Jennifer K , Healer Julie , Goddard-Borger Ethan D , Lawrence Michael C , Cowman Alan F
Published: February 2017

Plasmodium falciparum causes malaria in humans with over 450,000 deaths annually. The asexual blood stage involves invasion of erythrocytes by merozoites, in which they grow and divide to release daughter merozoites, which in turn invade new erythrocytes perpetuating the cycle responsible for malaria. A key step in merozoite invasion is the essential binding of PfRh5/CyRPA/PfRipr complex to basigin, a step linked to the formation of a pore between merozoites and erythrocytes. We show CyRPA interacts directly with PfRh5. An invasion inhibitory monoclonal antibody to CyRPA blocks binding of CyRPA to PfRh5 and complex formation thus illuminating the molecular mechanism for inhibition of parasite growth. We determined the crystal structures of CyRPA alone and in complex with an antibody Fab fragment. CyRPA has a six-bladed β-propeller fold, and we identify the region that interacts with PfRh5. This functionally conserved epitope is a potential target for vaccines against P. falciparum.
Generalizable knowledge outweighs incidental details in prefrontal ensemble code over time
Authors: Morrissey Mark D , Insel Nathan , Takehara-Nishiuchi Kaori
Published: February 2017

Memories for recent experiences are rich in incidental detail, but with time the brain is thought to extract latent rules and structures common across past experiences. We show that over weeks following the acquisition of two distinct associative memories, neuron firing in the rat prelimbic prefrontal cortex (mPFC) became less selective for perceptual features unique to each association and, with an apparently different time-course, became more selective for common relational features. We further found that during exposure to a novel experimental context, memory expression and neuron selectivity for relational features immediately generalized to the new situation. These neural patterns offer a window into the network-level processes by which the mPFC develops a knowledge structure of the world that can be adaptively applied to new experiences.
Horizontal transfer of whole mitochondria restores tumorigenic potential in mitochondrial DNA-deficient cancer cells
Authors: Dong Lan-Feng , Kovarova Jaromira , Bajzikova Martina , Bezawork-Geleta Ayenachew , Svec David , Endaya Berwini , Sachaphibulkij Karishma , Coelho Ana R , Sebkova Natasa , Ruzickova Anna , Tan An S , Kluckova Katarina , Judasova Kristyna , Zamecnikova Katerina , Rychtarcikova Zuzana , Gopalan Vinod , Andera Ladislav , Sobol Margarita , Yan Bing , Pattnaik Bijay , Bhatraju Naveen , Truksa Jaroslav , Stopka Pavel , Hozak Pavel , Lam Alfred K , Sedlacek Radislav , Oliveira Paulo J , Kubista Mikael , Agrawal Anurag , Dvorakova-Hortova Katerina , Rohlena Jakub , Berridge Michael V , Neuzil Jiri
Published: February 2017

Recently, we showed that generation of tumours in syngeneic mice by cells devoid of mitochondrial (mt) DNA (ρ0 cells) is linked to the acquisition of the host mtDNA. However, the mechanism of mtDNA movement between cells remains unresolved. To determine whether the transfer of mtDNA involves whole mitochondria, we injected B16ρ0 mouse melanoma cells into syngeneic C57BL/6Nsu9-DsRed2 mice that express red fluorescent protein in their mitochondria. We document that mtDNA is acquired by transfer of whole mitochondria from the host animal, leading to normalisation of mitochondrial respiration. Additionally, knockdown of key mitochondrial complex I (NDUFV1) and complex II (SDHC) subunits by shRNA in B16ρ0 cells abolished or significantly retarded their ability to form tumours. Collectively, these results show that intact mitochondria with their mtDNA payload are transferred in the developing tumour, and provide functional evidence for an essential role of oxidative phosphorylation in cancer.
Paternal nicotine exposure alters hepatic xenobiotic metabolism in offspring
Authors: Vallaster Markus P , Kukreja Shweta , Bing Xin Y , Ngolab Jennifer , Zhao-Shea Rubing , Gardner Paul D , Tapper Andrew R , Rando Oliver J
Published: February 2017

Paternal environmental conditions can influence phenotypes in future generations, but it is unclear whether offspring phenotypes represent specific responses to particular aspects of the paternal exposure history, or a generic response to paternal ‘quality of life’. Here, we establish a paternal effect model based on nicotine exposure in mice, enabling pharmacological interrogation of the specificity of the offspring response. Paternal exposure to nicotine prior to reproduction induced a broad protective response to multiple xenobiotics in male offspring. This effect manifested as increased survival following injection of toxic levels of either nicotine or cocaine, accompanied by hepatic upregulation of xenobiotic processing genes, and enhanced drug clearance. Surprisingly, this protective effect could also be induced by a nicotinic receptor antagonist, suggesting that xenobiotic exposure, rather than nicotinic receptor signaling, is responsible for programming offspring drug resistance. Thus, paternal drug exposure induces a protective phenotype in offspring by enhancing metabolic tolerance to xenobiotics.
Limited formation of isoprene epoxydiols‐derived secondary organic aerosol under NOx‐rich environments in Eastern China
Authors: Zhang Yunjiang , Tang Lili , Sun Yele , Favez Olivier , Canonaco Francesco , Albinet Alexandre , Couvidat Florian , Liu Dantong , Jayne John T. , Wang Zhuang , Croteau Philip L. , Canagaratna Manjula R. , Zhou Hong‐cang , Prévôt André S. H. , Worsnop Douglas R.
Published: February 2017

Secondary organic aerosol (SOA) derived from isoprene epoxydiols (IEPOX) has potential impacts on regional air quality and climate yet is poorly characterized under NOx‐rich ambient environments. We report the first real‐time characterization of IEPOX‐derived SOA (IEPOX‐SOA) in Eastern China in summer 2013 using comprehensive ambient measurements, along with model analysis. The ratio of IEPOX‐SOA to isoprene high‐NOx SOA precursors, e.g., methyl vinyl ketone and methacrolein, and the reactive uptake potential of IEPOX was lower than those generally observed in regions with prevailing biogenic emissions, low NOx levels, and high particle acidity, elucidating the suppression of IEPOX‐SOA formation under NOx‐rich environments. IEPOX‐SOA showed high potential source regions to the south with large biogenic emissions, illustrating that the interactions between biogenic and anthropogenic emissions might have played an important role in affecting the formation of IEPOX‐SOA in polluted environments in Eastern China.
Regional and local new particle formation events observed in the Yangtze River Delta region, China
Authors: Dai Liang , Wang Honglei , Zhou Luyu , An Junlin , Tang Lili , Lu Chunsong , Yan Wenlian , Liu Ruiyang , Kong Shaofei , Chen Mindong , Lee Shanhu , Yu Huan
Published: February 2017

To study the spatial inhomogeneity of new particle formation (NPF) in the polluted atmosphere of China, we conducted simultaneous measurements at an urban site near a petrochemical industrial area and a regional background site in the Yangtze River Delta region from September to November 2015. At the urban site we observed a type of local NPF event (number of events: n = 5), in which nucleation was limited to a small area but persisted for 6.8 h on average during the daytime. Formation rates of 5 nm particles (J5) were found to be correlated positively with the H2SO4 proxy (log J5 versus log[H2SO4] slope near 1) in both local and regional events. Furthermore, J5 was enhanced by the anthropogenic volatile organic carbon (VOC) plumes from nearby industrial area in the local events compared to the regional events. Size‐dependent aerosol dynamics calculation showed that in comparison with the observed regional events, the local events were featured with high nucleation rate (J1.3 > 1000 cm−3 s−1), high growth rate of sub‐3 nm particles (GRsub‐3 > 20 nm h−1), and high number concentration of nucleation mode particles (mean peak N5‐20: 6 × 104 cm−3). Considering these features, the local NPF events of anthropogenic origin may also be an important contributor to cloud condensation nuclei concentrations in urban and regional scales. In addition, the comparison of simultaneous regional NPF events between the two sites (number of events: n = 7) suggested that regional NPF intensity may be underestimated by the single‐point measurement at an urban site, due to the heterogeneity of air masses.
Diel stream temperature regimes of Bukovsky regions of the conterminous United States
Authors: Ferencz Stephen B. , Cardenas M. Bayani
Published: February 2017

Stream temperature which varies over daily to seasonal timescales is a primary control on myriad ecological, biogeochemical, and physical processes. Yet geographic patterns of its diel variations have not been fully characterized. Using daily temperature records spanning 15 years (2000–2014), monthly averaged mean daily temperature and diel temperature range were calculated for streams distributed across six Bukovsky regions of the conterminous U.S. Across all six regions, diel temperature fluctuations were lowest during the winter, around 1–2°C. During the summer there was wide distribution in diel temperatures (2°C–12°C). The regions revealed distinct differences in diel patterns for small and medium streams, but not for large streams. Small and medium streams exhibited notable hysteresis in their annual progression of diel temperature ranges, with larger diel temperature fluctuations in the spring than in the fall.
Survey Error
Authors: Reiter Jerome P.
Published: February 2017

In survey samples, the primary objective usually is to estimate unknown population quantities, such as population means or totals. The estimates invariably do not exactly equal the population values, that is, there are survey errors. This article reviews the main sources of survey errors and general approaches to reducing them.

Survey errors can be classified into two categories,
nonsampling
and
sampling
errors. Common sources of nonsampling error include measurement error, coverage error, mode effect error, nonresponse error, and process error. Measurement error occurs when respondents misinterpret, cannot answer, or inaccurately answer questions. Coverage error occurs when the list used to take the sample does not correspond to all units in the target population. Mode effect error occurs when the way the data are collected influences responses. Nonresponse error occurs when those who do not respond to a survey differ from those who respond to it. Process error occurs when edits, recodes, or other data processing steps go awry. Nonsampling errors are hard to detect and quantify. Their impact can be reduced by careful survey design. Sampling errors occur because only subsets of populations are measured, and estimates vary by sample. Sampling errors arise in every survey, but they are quantifiable.