bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Dyslipidaemia and Metabolic Function in Coronary Heart Disease with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus - In Tertiary Care Center
Authors: Singh Akansha , Ambad Ranjit S. , Jha Roshan Kumar
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

T2DM is strongly associated with an increased prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD). It has been established that CVD is the main cause of mortality among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) contributing to 80% of fatal outcomes. The consistent relationship between T2DM and CVD is well-established in observational studies, meta-analyses, and has an easily discernible biological mechanism.

Aim and Objectives:

This was a cross-sectional study consisting of 100 subjects of diabetic and non-diabetic with CHD attending medicine outpatient department (OPD).

Result and Conclusion:

The study highlights that diabetes significantly exacerbates the metabolic and cardiovascular risks in coronary heart disease (CHD) patients, affecting lipid profiles, glycemic control, and long-term survival. Effective management of these parameters is crucial to improving outcomes in diabetic CHD patients. Postoperative morbidity and early mortality were not substantially affected by diabetes; however, long-term survival in diabetic CHD patients was markedly diminished, highlighting the enduring effects of diabetes on cardiovascular health.
Study the Correlation between Serum Caspase-1, IL-10, HOMA-IR, FAI, Dyslipidemia, and Oxidative Stress Status in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)
Authors: Gusain Neelam , Anjankar Ashish P. , Ambad Ranjit S. , Jha Roshan K. , Jha Rakesh
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a major health concern for women worldwide, particularly those of childbearing age. PCOS is a common endocrine disorder that has widely known reproductive, metabolic, cardiovascular adverse effects that lead to significant morbidity. There is continued research into the nature of this disorder and still many gaps to fill in the understanding of the exact ways in which PCOS develops.

Materials and Methods:

This study aims to investigate this uncharted horizon of PCOS by analysing the association between serum Caspase-1, IL-10, and biochemical indices relative to insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), hyperandrogenism (FAI), dyslipidemia, and oxidative stress in our female population. It expands on the significance of inflammation and insulin resistance, together with dyslipidemia, in the advancement and signs and symptoms of PCOS. Given the dearth of research that has explored the relationship between Caspase-1 and IL-10 in Indian women with established PCOS, this research preserves a central position. Its goal to improve the knowledge of the disease’s inflammatory and metabolic mechanisms and promote biomarkers and therapeutic targets discovery. The preface to this work in emphasizing the desire to contribute to medical science in its capacity to treat disease patients, in arguing that interdisciplinary collaboration between biochemistry, endocrinology, and gynaecology to improve to patient care.

Expected Outcome:

Our goal is to reveal possible approaches to reduce the impact of PCOS to improve the outcomes of its diagnostic, treatment and preventive methodologies for millions of afflicted women.
Comparative Evaluation of Delta Plates and Two Miniplates for the Fixation of Mandibular Condyle Fractures: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Pathak Rishik Raj , Kumaran P. Satish , Chinoy Maeraj Zubair , Saxena Sanindhya
Published: February 2025

Introduction:

The optimal treatment approach for fractures of the mandibular condyle continues to spark debate within the medical community, though surgical intervention through open reduction and internal fixation has garnered increasing acceptance, largely propelled by innovations in osteosynthetic materials and techniques.

Aim:

This study aimed to compare the outcome of delta plates versus two miniplates for mandibular condyle fracture fixation.

Materials and Methods:

Sixty patients with subcondylar fractures were randomized into two groups: Group A (two miniplates) and Group B (delta plate). Patients were randomly assigned to either Group A or Group B using a computer-generated randomization sequence with a 1:1 allocation ratio. The allocation was concealed using sealed opaque envelopes opened only after patient enrollment. Evaluation parameters included mouth opening, occlusion status, operative time, and complications.

Results:

Baseline characteristics were similar between the two groups. The mean mouth opening was similar between the groups at most time points, with Group B (delta plate) showing slightly better outcomes at 3 months (35.87 mm vs. 33.73 mm). Intraoperative time was significantly less for delta plates (mean 16.03 min) compared to two miniplates (mean 24.16 min). Postoperative occlusion was comparable, with both the groups achieving 100% stability by 1 month. Complication rates were low and similar between the groups, with only 6.7% of patients experiencing minor wound dehiscence at 1 week, resolving by 1 month. Radiographic evaluation showed successful reduction and fixation in all cases, with no plate bending or screw loosening observed during the 6-month follow-up.

Conclusion:

Both delta plates and two miniplates are equally effective in managing subcondylar fractures. Delta plates offer the advantage of easier placement and reduced operative time.
Rate of convergence in the central limit theorem for the determinantal point process with Bessel kernel
Authors: Gorbunov Sergei Milhailovich
Published: February 2025

We consider a family of linear operators diagonalized by the Hankel transform. We express explicitly the Fredholm determinants of these operators, as restricted to $L_2[0, R]$, so that the rate of their convergence as $R\to\infty$ can be found. We use the link between these determinants and the distribution of additive functionals in a determinantal point process with Bessel kernel and estimate the distance in the Kolmogorov-Smirnov metric between the distribution of these functionals and the Gaussian distribution.
Bibliography: 27 titles.
Strong asymptotics of the best rational approximation to the exponential function on a bounded interval
Authors: Magnus Alphonse Philippe , Meinguet Jean
Published: February 2025

We apply recent findings of complex approximation theory to best rational approximation of degree $n$ to the function $\exp(-(n+\nu)x)$ on a finite interval $[0,c]$. We show that the error norm behaves like the $n$th power of the main approximation rate times the $\nu$th power of a secondary approximation rate. The computation of the first rate is a consequence of works of Gonchar, Rakhmanov and Stahl done in the 1980s; the complete asymptotic description was achieved by Aptekarev in the first years of the 21st century. The solution is given in terms of elliptic integrals of the third kind.
Bibliography: 92 titles.
Constant-delay enumeration for SLP-compressed documents
Authors: Muñoz Martín , Riveros Cristian
Published: February 2025

We study the problem of enumerating results from a query over a compressed document. The model we use for compression are straight-line programs (SLPs), which are defined by a context-free grammar that produces a single string. For our queries, we use a model called Annotated Automata, an extension of regular automata that allows annotations on letters. This model extends the notion of Regular Spanners as it allows arbitrarily long outputs. Our main result is an algorithm that evaluates such a query by enumerating all results with output-linear delay after a preprocessing phase which takes linear time on the size of the SLP, and cubic time over the size of the automaton. This is an improvement over Schmid and Schweikardt's result, which, with the same preprocessing time, enumerates with a delay that is logarithmic on the size of the uncompressed document. We achieve this through a persistent data structure named Enumerable Compact Sets with Shifts which guarantees output-linear delay under certain restrictions. These results imply constant-delay enumeration algorithms in the context of regular spanners. Further, we use an extension of annotated automata which utilizes succinctly encoded annotations to save an exponential factor from previous results that dealt with constant-delay enumeration over vset automata. Lastly, we extend our results in the same fashion Schmid and Schweikardt did to allow complex document editing while maintaining the constant delay guarantee.
Conceptualizing the Praxis of Critical Education Theory among Teacher Educators
Authors: Jatuporn Omsin
Published: February 2025

This article explores the praxis of critical education theory among teacher educators in Thailand’s contemporary education reform movement. Using qualitative methods, including semi-structured interviews and classroom observations with fifteen teacher educators from ten institutions, the research examines how critical pedagogy is implemented in teacher preparation programs. Four key themes emerged from the data analysis: 1) reconceptualizing “teacher” and “teacherness,” 2) knowledge production and discourse formation, 3) professional development and critical reflection, and 4) contestation, negotiation, and cooperation in implementing critical approaches. Findings reveal that teacher educators are actively challenging traditional pedagogical paradigms, fostering critical consciousness among pre-service teachers, and navigating institutional constraints to promote more inclusive and socially relevant curricula. The study highlights the complex dynamics of implementing critical education theory within a system that often resists change. This research contributes to the understanding of how critical pedagogy can be operationalized in teacher education, offering insights into the challenges and opportunities of fostering a more equitable and transformative education system in Thailand. The findings have implications for teacher education policy and practice, suggesting the need for a more flexible and critically oriented approach to teacher preparation.
Experiences of Nursing and Midwifery Faculty and Students of Remote Teaching and Learning: Qualitative Evidence Syntheses
Authors: Giltenane Martina , Dowling Maura
Published: February 2025

In March 2020 most universities internationally were forced to provide education remotely due to university closures secondary to the COVID-19 pandemic. This rapid transfer to online delivery of educational programmes-initiated challenges for students and faculty. Synthesizing qualitative research on nursing and midwifery faculty and student experiences of remote teaching and learning provides a rich insight into how technology supports teaching theory and practice. To systematically synthesize nursing students and nursing faculty’s experiences of online, blended or distance teaching or learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. Two distinct qualitative evidence syntheses were undertaken, one to systematically synthesise nursing and midwifery faculty experiences of online teaching and the other to systematically synthesise student nurses’ online learning experiences. Both were guided by the 'best fit' framework approach. The Cochrane Effective Practice and Organisation of Care reporting guidelines guided both reviews. Findings from both reviews were triangulated. Seventeen qualitative and five mixed-method studies were included in this ‘best fit’ framework synthesis using Chickering and Gamson's Seven Principles for Good Practice in Undergraduate Education reporting on experiences of 248 nursing and midwifery faculty and 376 undergraduate nursing students. Students and faculty highlighted the importance of teachers’ social presence through effective communication and interpersonal relationships. Clinical placement exposure within the clinical environment was deemed imperative by students and faculty. Faculty require professional development and managerial support to effectively incorporate the use of online technologies to support students and their education. Similarities and differences between students’ and faculty’s experiences of online teaching and learning are reported. Online content can be developed into efficient, high-quality learner-centred education within blended undergraduate nursing programmes incorporating essential face-to-face and practical components.
Investigation of Students' Perceptions of Traditional Game and Digital Game Concepts through Metaphors
Authors: Demirgil Muhammed Kürşat , Korucu Mustafa , Ezberci Çevik Ebru
Published: February 2025

The aim of the present study is to examine the perceptions of the 7th grade students at the level of lower secondary education regarding the concepts of traditional games and digital games through metaphors. The qualitative research method was adopted in this research study. This study also adopts the phenomenological design to explore the common meaning attributed to the concepts of traditional games and digital games by the participants. The participants of the research consist of the 115 7th grade students receiving education in two different secondary schools in Ankara, Türkiye. The data was collected through an open-ended questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed according to the method of content analysis. The results obtained from the metaphors created by seventh grade students regarding the concept of traditional games indicate that there are many codes for other and abstract concepts; It has been shown that there are more codes for digital games in addiction, abstract concepts and other categories. Suggestions are presented for the use of such games in lessons and for future studies.
AI and Academia: Navigating the Adoption of Artificial Intelligence in Universities
Authors: Mijan Abdulla-All , Hasan Md Rabiul , Hasan Mehedi
Published: February 2025

This study investigated the utilization of artificial intelligence (AI) platforms in Bangladeshi higher education institutions, with an emphasis on determining which AI platforms are most widely used and assessing the variables that affect AI adoption. The particular criteria influencing platform preferences and the comparative analysis of various types of institutions remain unclear despite the abundance of research on AI adoption. The study employed logistic regression analysis to test two primary hypotheses: (1) private universities had a higher level of AI adoption compared to public universities, and (2) better technological infrastructure was positively associated with higher AI adoption levels. Data was collected through a structured survey administered to a representative sample of 100 participants from various higher education institutions, capturing information on AI adoption levels, institutional type, technological infrastructure, technical expertise, and financial constraints. The analysis revealed that the most widely adopted AI platforms were ChatGPT, followed by AWS, Google Cloud Platform, and Google Gemini. The logistic regression results supported the hypotheses, indicating that private universities were more likely to adopt AI at higher levels compared to public institutions. Additionally, better technological infrastructure was associated with higher AI adoption levels. The confusion matrix demonstrated that while the model performed well in predicting AI adoption levels, there were some misclassifications, particularly between high and medium adoption categories.
Investigating Enablers for the Adoption of Gamified Immersive Virtual Reality in English and Literary Studies
Authors: Agyo Azetu Azashi , Anagu Emmanuel John
Published: February 2025

As educational needs change, gamified immersive virtual reality (I-VR) can enhance learning by making it more interactive. Immersive virtual reality is used more in science than in the humanities. This study uses the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) to explore factors that affect students' intentions to use gamified I-VR, particularly in developing regions. It examines how attitudes, social norms, and perceived control affect this intention in English and Literary Studies. The study also looks at students’ beliefs about gamified I-VR's effectiveness and their emotional reactions to it. A quantitative survey was conducted at the Federal University Wukari using a TPB-based questionnaire. Results indicate that positive attitudes, social support, and ease of use significantly influence students' willingness to adopt gamified I-VR. Students who find the technology beneficial are more likely to use it in their studies. Challenges such as high costs and limited access highlight the need for institutional support for successful integration. The findings suggest that educational institutions should provide training and resources to build confidence in using I-VR technologies. Future research could include other disciplines and consider different theoretical models like Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) for a broader understanding of technology adoption. This study adds to the research on innovative educational technologies and provides insights for improving English and Literary Studies with gamified I-VR.
Okul Web Sitesi Yönetim Paneli (MebWeb) Sisteminin Kullanılabilirlik Değerlendirmesi: Tasarım Rehberleri Temelli Kullanılabilirlik
Authors: Hebebci Mustafa Tevfik , Alan Selahattin
Published: February 2025

Millî Eğitim Bakanlığı’na (MEB) bağlı tüm kurumların kurumsallaşması amacıyla 2012 yılında Bilgi İşlem Grup Başkanlığı tarafından “Okul Web Sitesi Yönetim Paneli” isimli bir proje gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu proje ile MEB’e bağlı tüm kurumlara ait web sitelerin ortak bir ara yüze sahip olması sağlanmıştır. Böylelikle web sitesinden sorumlu kişilerin ve kullanıcıların işlemlerini daha kolay ve güvenilir bir şekilde gerçekleştirmelerine olanak sunulmuştur. Oldukça büyük bir kitleye hitap eden “Okul Web Sitesi Yönetim Paneli” (MebWeb) projesinin hedef kitlesi tarafından kolay bir biçimde kullanılması gerekmektedir. Bu araştırmanın amacı “Okul Web Sitesi Yönetim Paneli” projesini rehber temelli kullanılabilirlik yaklaşımı ile değerlendirmektir. Değerlendirme işlemi için ise TÜBİTAK BİLGEM Yazılım Teknolojileri Araştırma Enstitüsü (YTE) tarafından geliştirilen Kamu İnternet Siteleri Rehberi’nde (KAMİS) yer alan TS EN ISO 9241-151 kontrol listesi şablonundan yararlanılmıştır. Şablondan elde edilen verilerin analizi nitel araştırma tekniklerinden biri olan içerik analizi ile değerlendirilmiştir. Yapılan değerlendirmeler projenin genel olarak kullanılabilir bir yapıya sahip olduğunu göstermektedir.
Marmara Üniversitesi Teknik Bilimler Meslek Yüksekokulu Uzaktan Öğretim Sürecinin Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Ak Ayça , Oral Bekir , Topuz Vedat
Published: February 2025

Teknolojinin hızla gelişmesi, eğitim ve öğretimde yeni alternatiflerin ortaya çıkmasını sağlamıştır. Eğitim teknolojileri de bu hızlı gelişime uyum sağlamakta ve yeni öğretim yöntemleri ortaya çıkmaktadır. Daha fazla insana daha kısa sürede ulaşmak, kurumların ve kişilerin birbirleriyle olan iletişiminin daha hızlı ve ekonomik olması bu gelişimi daha da hızlandırmıştır. Bu teknolojik gelişimler eğitim-öğretim sistemi içerisinde uzaktan öğretim kavramının dünyada ve Türkiye’de de uygulanmasına sebep olmuştur. Uzaktan eğitim yöntemi ile zaman ve mekândan bağımsız olarak materyal tabanlı eğitimin verilmesinin de mümkün olması sayesinde, son dönemde öğrenciye tanınan eğitim imkanları artmaktadır. Diğer yönden uzaktan eğitimde başarıya ulaşmak ve hedeflenen öğretim kazanımlarının sağlanması için gelişen teknolojiyi takip etmek ve sürdürülebilirlik son derece önemlidir. Bu makalede, Marmara Üniversitesi Teknik Bilimler Meslek Yüksekokulu, Bilgisayar Programcılığı, İş Sağlığı ve Güvenliği ve Moda Tasarımı Programcılığı uzaktan öğretim programlarının gelişimi açıklanmıştır. Uzaktan öğrenme öğrencilerinin başarı durumları, örgün eğitim programlarıyla karşılaştırılarak değerlendirilmiştir. Uzaktan eğitim sürecinde olumlu ve olumsuz yönler analiz edilmiştir.
3D Yazıcıların Eğitimde Kullanımı
Authors: Kökhan Serhan , Özcan Uğur
Published: February 2025

Günümüzde 3 boyutlu yazıcı teknolojisi birçok alanda kullanılmakta ve hergeçen gün farklı kullanım alanlarına kavuşmaktadır. Bu alanlara örnek olarak endüstriyel imalat, tıp ve sağlık, havacılık ve uzay, mimarlık ve inşaat, askeri uygulamalar, tekstil, gıda, eğitim verilebilir. Eğitim başlığı 3 boyutlu yazıcılar için stratejik bir öneme sahiptir. İnteraktif olarak geçen, mekanik ve teknik derslerdeki yaratıcılığın arttırılmasında önemli bir araç olarak görülmektedir. Bu teknolojinin eğitim ortamında etkin bir şekilde kullanımı ile çok farklı alanlarda farklı deneyimler yaşanabilmekte. Matematik’de 3 boyutlu objelerin dizayn edilmesi, yazdırılması ve hesaplanması. Coğrafya’da rölyefler tasarımı ve baskısı, sanat eğitimde sanatsal nesnelerin tasarlanıp yazdırılması, Biyoloji’de molekül modellerinin basımı gibi birçok uygulama örneği bulunan 3 boyutlu yazıcı teknolojileri sayesinde, zorlu kavramların öğrencilere açıklanması, öğrencilerin ilgisini çekip daha etkin derse katılımlarının sağlanması ve sınıf içi etkileşim daha kolay olabilmektedir. Bu sayede geleceğe dönük olarak, öğrencilerin kariyerlerine hazırlanma ve kendilerine değerli beceriler kazandırılabilme imkânı sağlanabilmektedir. Bu çalışmada 3 boyutlu yazıcıların eğitimde kullanımı ve potansiyel kullanım alanları incelenmiştir.
Fen Bilimleri Öğretmenlerinin Eğitim Araştırmalarına Yönelik Tutumlarının İncelenmesi
Authors: Seçkin Kapucu Munise
Published: February 2025

Eğitimin kalitesini arttırmak amacıyla araştırmacılar tarafından farklı konularda birçok eğitim araştırması yapılmaktadır. Öğretmenlerin eğitim araştırmalarından yararlanmalarında bu araştırmalara karşı tutumları önemli bir yer tutmaktadır. Bu çalışmada fen bilimleri öğretmenlerinin eğitim araştırmalarına yönelik tutumlarının incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu araştırmada var olan durumu saptamaya yönelik tarama modeli kullanılmıştır. Çalışmaya 2014-2015 eğitim-öğretim yılı Eskişehir ili merkez ilçelerinde Millî Eğitim Bakanlığı’na bağlı liselerde görev yapan 48 fizik, 33 kimya, 56 biyoloji olmak üzere toplam 137 fen bilimleri öğretmeni katılmıştır. Bu çalışmada İlhan, Şekerci, Sözbilir ve Yıldırım (2013) tarafından geliştirilen öğretmenlerinin eğitim araştırmalarına karşı tutumlarının belirlenmesine yönelik “Eğitim Araştırmalarına Yönelik Öğretmen Tutum Ölçeği (EAÖTÖ)” olarak adlandırılan 5’li likert tipi bir ölçek kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada elde edilen verilerin çözümlenmesinde aritmetik ortalama, standart sapma, yüzde, t-testi ve tek yönlü varyans analizi kullanılmıştır. Analiz sonuçlarına göre eğitim araştırmalarına yönelik tutum ölçeğinin tüm alt boyutlarından alınan puan ortalamalarının cinsiyete, ortaöğretimin türüne, eğitim araştırmalarına yönelik eğitim alma durumuna ve branşlara göre anlamlı bir farklılık göstermediği bulunmuştur.
Phenotype-genotype discordance and disorders of sexual differentiation
Authors: Godinich Brandon M. , Muhanna Maya , Stokes Stephanie , Moore Lee D. , Schlabritz-Lutsevich Natalia , Maher III James E. , Devoe Lawrence
Published: February 2025

Noninvasive Prenatal Testing (NIPT) and prenatal ultrasound can identify disorders of sexual differentiation (DSD), although discrepancies between genetic and phenotypic data can complicate diagnoses. This study explores phenotype-genotype discordance within the DSD context, focusing on methodological concerns and biological explanations. Advances in prenatal screening technologies, including cell-free DNA (cfDNA) testing and ultrasound examinations, have improved DSD detection rates. Analysis of a case featuring a 46, XY DSD due to an NR5A1 gene mutation illustrates the importance of integrating cfDNA testing with ultrasound, which enhances detection and early management. The findings underscore the necessity for a multidisciplinary approach in diagnosis and treatment planning, facilitating timely interventions that reduce psychological distress for families. The study recommends refining diagnostic algorithms that combine cfDNA testing and ultrasound to correlate genetic insights with clinical observations, thus improving patient outcomes through informed decision-making and comprehensive care strategies.
SMART TECHNOLOGIES AND CLIMATE RISKS: INNOVATIONS AND TECHNOLOGIES TO SUPPORT CLIMATE RISK MANAGEMENT ON ECOSYSTEMS AND AGRICULTURE
Authors:   Dicle University, Faculty of Agriculture, Dept. of Farm Structures and Irrigation, Diyarbakir Türkiye, Yaman Neşe , Abdulhameed Isam Mohammed ,   Upper Euphrates Basin Developing Centre, University of Anbar, Iraq
Published: February 2025

Climate change is destroying markets by reducing agricultural incomes and increasing risk. It poses a threat to many areas, especially access to food for both rural and urban populations. According to research estimates, climate change problems will affect poor and underdeveloped countries the most, and mass migrations will occur accordingly. is expected to occur. However, these estimates have now gone beyond mere predictions. Because these migrations have been intensely experienced as a reality for the last 10 years. This fact was revealed by the 2012 Report of the Asian Development Bank. According to the report, 20 million people in Asian and Pacific countries were forced to leave their home regions due to climate change between 2009 and 2011. According to this report and research, in the coming years, increasing drought and scarcity of water resources will reduce the number of plant species used in the production of nutrients and medicines necessary for human life. As the tropical climate shifts northward, plant and animal species are expected to shift. Diseases such as malaria, known as tropical diseases, will become widespread. Studies have estimated that due to all these problems, the number of „climate refugees„ will exceed 20 million by 2050. This article describes the effects of smart agricultural technologies on physical yield losses in agriculture due to climate change and the reduction of indirect negative effects of these losses.
SOCIO-ECONOMIC RESPONSES TO CLIMATE CHANGE: NEW POLICIES AND APPROACHES FOR SMART AGRICULTURE
Authors:   Institute for Political Studies Belgrade, Serbia, Terzić Predrag
Published: February 2025

Climate change is a global phenomenon with local manifestations and impacts, which are unequal in terms of its causes and effects. The phenomenon of climate change is likely due to a combination of natural cycles and human activities. The socio-economic response encompasses several integrated activities to mitigate the impacts of climate change that are a challenge for future adaptation. These challenges require identifying effective strategies for the development of new socio-economic scenarios for use resources, safe life, providing foods, protecting environment, creation of integration research and new policy on global level. For food security for human population, agricultural production requires new policies of governments with increasing financial support for development climate-smart agriculture at local, regional and world levels.
THE RELATION BETWEEN THE FOOD EXPENDITURE AND THE RELATIVE POVERTY IN ROMANIA
Authors:   Universidad Catolica del Maule/University of Life Sciences “King Mihai I” Timisoara, Romania, Salasan Cosmin , Dumitrescu Carmen Simona ,   University of Life Sciences “King Mihai I” Timisoara, Faculty of Management and Rural Tourism, Romania, Toader Cosmina ,   University of Life Sciences “King Mihai I” Timisoara, Faculty of Management and Rural Tourism, Romania, Gaina Cristian ,   University of Life Sciences “King Mihai I” Timisoara, Faculty of Management and Rural Tourism, Romania, Pascalau Raul ,   University of Life Sciences “King Mihai I” Timisoara, Faculty of Agriculture, Romania
Published: February 2025

This research aims to look at how the percentage of money spent on food relates to total household spending as a sign of poverty in Romania. It focuses on the important question of how high food prices affect financial stability and living conditions. To evaluate this connection and its effects on measuring poverty, data on household income, spending habits, and differences in prices across regions is necessary. This paper looks at how food spending relates to total household spending as a way to indicate poverty in Romania. It shows how high food costs can impact financial stability and living standards. The study uses data about household income, spending habits, and different regional prices. It finds that households spending a larger share on food generally have lower overall expenditures, meaning they are more likely to experience poverty. The results suggest that when a big part of a household budget goes to food, it points to financial struggles and may also lead to worse health outcomes. This is because tight budgets limit access to essential healthcare and nutritious food. Furthermore, this research adds to the conversation about how to measure poverty by arguing that food spending ratios can help identify populations at risk, which can help shape public policy and social programs aimed at bettering health equity in Romania. In conclusion, the study highlights the need for policymakers to pay attention to food spending patterns when assessing poverty, pointing out how economic issues and health inequalities are connected. This could help create better strategies for improving the well-being of vulnerable groups in Romania.
AGRI-FOOD IN ALBANIA AND THE QUALITY OF ALBANIAN WINE: AN OVERVIEW OF CHALLENGES, OPPORTUNITIES, AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Authors:   Agricultural University of Tirana, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food, Department of Chemistry, Tirana, Albania, Stafasani Merita , Laze Artiona ,   Agricultural University of Tirana, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food, Department of Chemistry, Tirana, Albania, Kodra Mariola ,   Agricultural University of Tirana, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food, Department of Chemistry, Tirana, Albania, Beli Dorina ,   Agricultural University of Tirana, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food, Department of Chemistry, Tirana, Albania
Published: February 2025

: This paper explores the agri-food sector in Albania, focusing on the country’s agricultural potential, the challenges faced by its farmers, and the role of wine production in Albania’s economy. Special attention is given to the growing interest in wine quality and the factors influencing its improvement. Challenges such as climate change, limited technological advancements, and insufficient infrastructure are discussed, alongside opportunities for growth through innovation, international market expansion, and improved agricultural practices. Special attention is given to the role of sustainability in promoting eco-friendly practices and ensuring the long-term viability of both viticulture and the broader agri-food sector. The paper concludes with an analysis of the prospects of Albanian agriculture and wine as part of the broader socio-economic and environmental sustainability strategies, including the impact of European Union integration and market expansion. Our study included 11 samples of domestically produced wine, and one imported wine purchased from the market. Eight of them were red wines, while three were white. The basic components, pH, expressed acidity and the content of polyphenols were analyzed using the Folin Ciocalteu’s method and total anthocyanins (with the difference in colours at different pH). The results show that their pH ranges from 3.24 to 3.72, acidity from 4.15 to 6.60, and total polyphenols from 0.160 g L-1 (white wine) to 2.069 g L-1 (Vranac red wine). The concentration of anthocyanins ranged from 24.4 mg L-1 for W6 (Cabernet sauvignon) to 86.1 mg L-1 for imported wine.
MEMBER SELECTION FROM A CLIMATE MODEL ENSEMBLE FOR CROP MODEL IMPACT ASSESSMENT IN NORTH GREECE
Authors:   Department of Meteorology and Climatology, School of Geology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece, Nikou Melpomeni ,   Soil and Water Resources Institute, Hellenic Agricultural Organization (ELGO) – “DEMETER”, Thessaloniki, Greece, Georgoulias Aristeidis K. ,   Department of Meteorology and Climatology, School of Geology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece, Aschonitis Vassilis G. ,   Soil and Water Resources Institute, Hellenic Agricultural Organization (ELGO) – “DEMETER”, Thessaloniki, Greece, Papamichail Dimitris M. ,   Department of Hydraulics, Soil Science and Agricultural Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Forestry and Natural Environment, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece, Mavromatis Theodoros ,   Department of Meteorology and Climatology, School of Geology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
Published: February 2025

Climate change poses significant challenges to crops, including wheat, a crucial crop to Greek agriculture. Rising temperatures, extreme weather, and altered precipitation patterns reduce wheat yield. A region in northern Greece, known for its diverse elevation and climate, was analyzed using data from eight meteorological stations (2006-2023) and 11 EURO-CORDEX models under the RCP4.5 scenario. When the calibrated CERES-Wheat model was driven by the most suitable members, identified using the sRPI index, as compared to the whole ensemble, it improved predictions of wheat anthesis, maturity, and potential yield, thereby supporting adaptation strategies for sustainable wheat production.
RENEWABLE ENERGY AND AI IMPLEMENTATION AS SUSTAINABLE STRATEGY FOR AGRICULTURE RESILIENCE TO CLIMATE CHANGE
Authors:   Innovation center of the Faculty of Mechanical engineering, Belgrade, Serbia, Stevović Ivan , Hadrović Sabahudin ,   Institute of forestry, Belgrade, Republic of Serbia, Ćirković Bratislav ,   University of Pristina temporary settled in Kosovska Mitrovica, Faculty of Agriculture, Lešak, Kosovo and Metohija, Serbia
Published: February 2025

Climate change has a major impact on all human activities. One of the most important is agriculture from the point of view of food production, as the starting point of survival on the globe. The negative consequences of climate change are reflected in increasingly pronounced droughts and catastrophic floods, and are also reflected in the increase in the frequency of these extremes. Multidisciplinary teams of engineers and scientists are engaged in the development of sustainable strategies, with the aim of increasing the resilience of agriculture to climate change. The application of renewable energy sources and artificial intelligence plays a significant role in the management of sustainable strategies for the protection and improvement of smart agriculture. Wind turbines and photovoltaic panels raised above agricultural land at an appropriate distance form a synergy of agricultural development and renewable energy. Their implementation in itself reduces the emission of greenhouse gases and contributes to mitigating climate change. At the same time, this energy can be used both in the system and locally for pumping water for irrigation. Hydropower and the construction of water acumulations also provide increased opportunities for solving droughts and floods and thereby improving and stabilizing agricultural production and higher resilience of agriculture to climate change. Agricultural residues can be used as a resource for renewable bioenergy. Artificial intelligence, supported by contemporary solutions of sensor technology, helps us in the optimal management of all these complex processes. This research also contains a positive case studies from international practice on the implementation of renewable energy sources and artificial intelligence and their concrete contribution to increasing the resilience of agriculture to climate change.
MANAGERIAL APPROACHES TO SUSTAINABLE CEREAL PRODUCTION IN NORTH MACEDONIA: INTEGRATING CLIMATE-SMART AGRICULTURE, PRECISION FARMING, AND SOIL MANAGEMENT
Authors:   University „St.Kliment Ohridski“- Faculty of Biotechnical Sciences, Bitola, Stojkovski Viktorija , Pelivanoska-Dameska Daniela ,   University „St.Kliment Ohridski“- Faculty of Biotechnical Sciences, Bitola, Bojkovska Katerina ,   University „St.Kliment Ohridski“- Faculty of Biotechnical Sciences, Bitola
Published: February 2025

This paper presents a comprehensive framework for sustainable cereal production, emphasizing the integration of climate-smart agriculture (CSA), precision farming, and effective soil management strategies. As staple cereals like corn, wheat, and rice constitute over 55% of global calorie intake, enhancing their production while mitigating environmental impact is critical for long-term food security. The study explores the role of CSA in adapting to climate change, reducing greenhouse gas emissions, and boosting productivity through innovative technologies such as renewable energy and soil management practices. Precision farming, leveraging data-driven tools like GIS and GPS, optimizes resource use and crop efficiency, contributing to environmental sustainability and economic viability. Additionally, soil and crop management strategies (SCMS) are essential in preventing land degradation, improving nutrient efficiency, and fostering resilient agricultural systems. The paper also examines the specific agricultural conditions and challenges in North Macedonia, where a strategic focus on modernizing production, promoting climate-friendly practices, and enhancing technological adoption is necessary to ensure sustainable cereal production amidst environmental and market disruptions. This multi-dimensional approach offers valuable insights into balancing productivity with ecological sustainability, addressing global food security concerns.
STATUS AND PROSPECTS OF LIVESTOCK BREEDING AND ANIMAL FEED PRODUCTION IN THE REPUBLIC OF SERBIA IN THE CONTEXT OF CLIMATE CHANGE 2025MAK 2025Зборници
Authors:   Institute for Forage Crops, Kruševac, Globoder, Serbia, Lugić Zoran , Zornić Vladimir ,   Institute for Forage Crops, Kruševac, Globoder, Serbia, Petrović Mirjana ,   Institute for Forage Crops, Kruševac, Globoder, Serbia, Lazarević Đorđe ,   Institute for Forage Crops, Kruševac, Globoder, Serbia, Lazarević Đorđe ,   Institute for Forage Crops, Kruševac, Globoder, Serbia, Mandić Violeta ,   Institute for Animal Husbandry Belgrade-Zemun, Serbia, Babić Snežana ,   Institute for Forage Crops, Kruševac, Globoder, Serbia
Published: February 2025

Animal husbandry is the most important branch of agriculture because it produces the most important food for people. Forage plants, grasslands and pastures are a cheap and high-quality source of food for animals. They create a large vegetative mass and are rich in proteins, carbohydrates and other nutrients. The climatic condition in Serbia is favorable for forage production of most important forage crops. The crop structure on arable land is very unfavorable, primarily from the aspect of animal feed production and sustainable land use. The trend of decreasing areas under arable forage plants, meadows and pastures coincides with the trend of decreasing numbers of all types of domestic animals, especially cattle, sheep and pigs. One of the main reasons for the decline in livestock production is the low competitiveness and accumulative nature of this production.
SPIKE LENGTH AND NUMBER OF GRAIN PER SPIKE OF WINTER WHEAT (Triticum aestivum L.) GROWN ON TECHNOGENIC SOIL 2025MAK 2025Зборници
Authors:   Power Plants Stanari, Stanari, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Malić Nenad , Kondić Danijela ,   University of Banja Luka, Faculty of Agriculture, Banja Luka, Republic of Srpska, Tošić Ivana ,   Agricultural Institute of Republic of Srpska, Banja Luka, Republic of Srpska
Published: February 2025

This paper presents the results of two-year research (2015/16 and 2016/17) on impacts of different agro-technical measures to the yield components of four varieties of winter wheat (Nova Bosanka, Prijedorčanka, Orion and Evropa 90), grown on meliorated Deposol in the process of reclamation in the terchnogenic soil (Stanari lignite mine area). The aim of the research is to determine the impacts of years, different dosages of fertilizers (five treatments: N60+90P60K60, N60+40P60K60, N60+90P37K37, N60+40P37K37 and N0P0K0) and variety to quantitative properties of the spikes (spike length and grain number per spike). A field experiment was set up following the randomized block design method with four replications. The focus of the research was the effect of three factors: year (A), variety (B) and fertilizer (C). Comparative analyses of the researched wheat varieties for spike length and grain number per spike were performed by analysis of variance 2x4x5. The relevance of the differences was tested using the LSD test. The highest mean spike length was 8.5 cm in the Orion variety, while the smallest mean spike length was 5.0 cm in the Evropa 90 variety. A correlation was found between fertilizer treatments, the largest number of grains per spike (48.75) and the smallest number of grains per spike (13.00) in the Nova Bosanka variety. Тhe lowest mean values of the tested parameters were measured in the control. The applied agro-technical measures impact the production traits of cultivated crops оf wheat in the researched agro-ecological conditions.
EFFECT OF SOWING TIME AND IRRIGATION REGIMES ON YIELD COMPONENTS OF SWEET CORN
Authors:   Institute for Vegetable Crops, S. Palanka, Serbia, Tupajić Ivan , Moravčević Đorđe ,   University of Belgrade, Faculty of Agriculture, Belgrade-Zemun, Serbia, Ćosić Marija ,   University of Belgrade, Faculty of Agriculture, Belgrade-Zemun, Serbia, Šević Biljana ,   Institute for Vegetable Crops, S. Palanka, Serbia, Matejić Vesna ,   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Agronomy, Čačak, Serbia, Đurić Nenad ,   Institute for Vegetable Crops, S. Palanka, Serbia, Luković Kristina ,   Institute for Vegetable Crops, S. Palanka, Serbia, Stojiljković Jelena ,   Institute for Vegetable Crops, S. Palanka, Serbia
Published: February 2025

The objective of this study was to examine the feasibility of cultivating sweet corn in the agroecological conditions of the Šumadija region. During 2022/23, the most widespread hybrid of sweet corn on the Serbian market, ‘Enterprise,’ was tested. Two irrigation regimes were applied (full and reduced to 50%) along with a control treatment (natural moisture conditions). Harvest and cob analysis were conducted on average 22-25 days after pollination. Statistically significant higher values for the studied parameters were measured in the irrigated treatments across both sowing dates.
FOOD SOVEREIGNTY AND RIGHTS TO SEED
Authors:   Faculty of Agriculture, University of Banja Luka, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Đurić Gordana , Mićić Gvozden ,   Foundation Alica, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kondić Danijela ,   Faculty of Agriculture, University of Banja Luka, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Radović Ivana ,   Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia, Mićić Nikola ,   Foundation Alica, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina,   Scientific Fruit Growing Society of Republika Srpska, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Published: February 2025

Food sovereignty is the human right to healthy and culturally appropriate food produced through ecologically sound and sustainable methods, and the right of people to define their own food and agriculture systems. Food security exists when all people, at all times, have physical and economic access to sufficient, safe, and nutritious food that meets their dietary needs and food preferences for an active and healthy life. In contrast to food security, which focuses on ensuring that enough food is available, food sovereignty emphasizes control over food production and distribution by local communities. Shifting the focus from food security to food sovereignty essentially represents a reconnection between nature, food, and people. The right to seeds is at the basis of each community’s food sovereignty, what is possible to achieve only in the system of farmers’ seeds. Farmer seed systems are a critical contribution to food sovereignty and farmers’ rights. For over 10.000 years, people have freely saved, selected, exchanged, and sold seeds, using and reusing them for sowing and food production. The farmers’ seed system is defined by the long-standing continuous renewal and free distribution of seeds and knowledge among people. Seeds are gifted, shared, or traded in informal and formal markets. These seeds are more resilient to climate change, pests, and pathogens, and they also ensure a more diverse food system and a dynamic global ecosystem. Today, farmers’ rights to seeds, crucial for their survival, are seriously threatened and are in decline worldwide. These seed systems are undermined by inadequate legislation and insufficient support from governments and public research, primarily as the result of a protected seed market based fundamentally on intellectual property rights and trade agreements. Farmers’ seed systems are vital for preservation of plant genetic diversity of all agricultural crops. It is increasingly expected that global climate change, combined with other factors, will significantly alter this agricultural biodiversity. Broad efforts will be needed to help reduce the climate vulnerability of current agricultural production systems and building more resilient and adaptive agroecosystems. The farmers’ seed system and the associated traditional agricultural practices are key factors for adaptation.
ALLELOPATHY AND WEED CONTROL IN CHANGING CLIMATE
Authors:   Institute of Pesticides and Environmental Protection, Belgrade, Serbia, Radivojević Ljiljana , Sarić-Krsmanović Marija ,   Institute of Pesticides and Environmental Protection, Belgrade, Serbia, Gajić-Umiljendić Jelena ,   Institute of Pesticides and Environmental Protection, Belgrade, Serbia, Šantrić1 Ljiljana ,   Institute of Pesticides and Environmental Protection, Belgrade, Serbia, Šikuljak Danijela ,   Institute for Plant Protection and Environment, Belgrade, Serbia
Published: February 2025

Modern agriculture involves dealing with challenges from climate change, environmental pollution, depletion of natural resources, as well as pressure to cope with dependence on agricultural inputs with aim sustainable management of crop production and the environment. Weeds are one of the most challenging problems facing agricultural production, while modern agriculture relies heavily on synthetic herbicides for weed control. The excessive use of synthetic herbicides has contributed significantly to soil degradation, environmental pollution and adverse effects on non-target organisms and human health. Also, long-lasting exploitation of herbicides with one target site in plants has resulted in the evolution of weeds resistant to herbicides. Due to all these problems, there is a need to develop a sustainable, environmentally friendly tool for weed management. One great field for discovering new approaches for weed control is allelopathy and allelochemicals. Allelopathy is a biological phenomenon of chemical interaction between plants and this phenomenon has great potential to be used as an effective and environmentally friendly tool for weed management in agriculture. Previous studies showed that some plant species possess potent allelochemicals that have great potential to be ecofriendly bioherbicides.
EXAMINING THE IMPORTANCE OF BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION FACTORS
Authors:   Academy of Applied Technical and Preschool Studies, Serbia, Stojanović Vojislav , Ristanović Bojana , Petrović Gordana ,   Independent researcher, Kragujevac, Serbia, Jovanović Zoran ,   University of Pristina temporary settled in Kosovska Mitrovica, Faculty of Agriculture, Lešak, Kosovo and Metohia, Serbia
Published: February 2025

The paper examines the importance of biodiversity protection factors in the Republic of Serbia. The research was conducted during 2024, using the structural equation model. Research findings show that habitat preservation has the greatest impact on increasing the value of biodiversity in the Republic of Serbia, that is, that education and involvement of members of local communities has the least impact on increasing the value of biodiversity in the Republic of Serbia. The findings suggest that an integrated approach to biodiversity protection is needed in the Republic of Serbia.