bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Semiotic approaches to “traditional music”, musical/poetic structures, and ethnographic research
Authors: Theodosopoulou Irene
Published: February 2019

This text is a first attempt of approaching traditional music, musical/poetic structures and ethnographic research semiotically. The basic elements of traditional music (motives, rhythms, phonetics, performance speeds, modal systems, musical instruments, repertoire), the musical/poetic structures with morphological types and formulas (musical and poetic), musical and non-musical codes (verbal and nonverbal) during a musical performance (nods, movements, etc.) as well as the ethnographic research itself with its own “performances” (discussions with musicians, recordings, transcriptions, analyses) constitute groups of “signs” and codes that, combined together, create complex frames of meanings and re-definitions not only among musicians and revelers but also among ethnographers and their interlocutors and among ethnographic “texts” and their representations after multiple readings. This text presents elements that emerged after an enduring field research in Crete (1998–2008). The use of semiotics in the study of traditional music and musical analysis can constitute a useful analysis tool for ethnographic research from planning to composing ethnographic “texts” (texts, transcriptions, analyses). This text highlights the necessity of initiating a dialogue concerning the aspects and perspectives of a semiotic approach to musicology and music ethnography.
A CRS Oedometer Cell for Unsaturated and Non-Isothermal Tests
Authors: Bagheri Meghdad , Mousavi Nezhad Mohaddeseh , Rezania Mohammad
Published: February 2019

Research into the thermo-hydromechanical (THM) behavior of unsaturated soils and the effect of strain rate on their mechanical responses requires the employment of advanced laboratory testing systems and procedures as well as protocols of correcting the measured data in order to account for errors associated with complex test conditions and apparatus calibrations. This article presents the design and calibration of an innovative constant rate of strain oedometer cell for the characterization of the THM behavior of soils under combined non-isothermal and unsaturated conditions. The advanced oedometer cell enables the simultaneous control of temperature, suction, and stress state within the soil specimens. Temperatures of 20°C to 200°C are applied through a tubular heating element placed at the base of the soil specimen. Suction is controlled using the axis-translation technique and measured using both axis-translation and two high-capacity tensiometers accommodated on the periphery of the specimen. The performance of the new cell is assessed based on a set of tests performed on clay specimens, and its merits and advantages are discussed in detail.
Shear Band Formation and Strength of Loess in True Triaxial Tests
Authors: Shao Sheng-jun , Chen Fei , Shao Shuai
Published: February 2019

This study presents experimental results from a strength test of loess from China’s Xi’an Bailu plateau. The measurements were made with a true triaxial apparatus. Some explored characteristics were shear stress ratio, intermediate principal strain and volumetric strain changing with major principal strain, and strength criteria on the meridian and octahedral planes. The failure strength and the strain and shear band models of loess specimens were analyzed. The results clearly show shear bands in the loess specimens under true triaxial principal stresses. Softening of intact loess occurred under low confining pressure and small intermediate principal stress b-values. Hardening occurred under greater confining pressure and intermediate principal stress parameters. Structural soil mass adjacent to the shear band demonstrated a relative sliding movement and development of a shear band. The strength line on the meridian plane was linear, and the strength curve on the octahedral plane was a curved-edge-triangle shape consistent with Lade’s strength criterion. The complex pattern of the shear-band–induced failure mode is attributable to the structural characteristic of natural loess and the loading conditions.
Deliberate Heritage
Authors: Samuels Kathryn Lafrenz
Published: February 2019

Cultural heritage is often seen as a tool for managing social change, as a mirror that society holds up to itself to make sense of change. In this paper I examine how heritage also mobilizes social change, framing cultural heritage as a persuasive tool in a public sphere of competing interests and claims. Rather than taking the circulation of heritage in the public sphere—across media outlets, social media, and expert networks—as epiphenomenal to its value, I suggest deliberation composes a critical function of cultural heritage, especially under social conditions of deep pluralism, divisive politics, and mass democracy that mark our contemporary era. The public discussions about Confederate commemorations that erupted following the events in Charlottesville in 2017 demonstrate the contests over meaning and proposed actions that reveal the persuasive character of heritage.
Photography and Critical Heritage
Authors: Lydon Jane
Published: February 2019

Historical photographs of Australian Aboriginal people were amassed during the colonial period for a range of purposes, yet rarely to further an Indigenous agenda. Today, however, such images have been recontextualized, used to reconstruct family history, document culture, and express connections to place. They have become a significant heritage resource for relatives and descendants. Images stand in for relatives lost through processes of official assimilation—or as this sad history is now known in Australia, the Stolen Generations. This article explores the potential healing power of the photos in addressing loss and dislocation, and emerging tools for supporting this process through reviewing the Returning Photos project outcomes.
Heritage In-Between
Authors: Schneider Tsim D.
Published: February 2019

Conventional accounts of missionary and settler colonialism in California have overemphasized the loss experienced by Native Americans. For indigenous Coast Miwok and Southern Pomo people of the San Francisco Bay Area, a story of loss contrasts sharply with their casino—a symbol of prosperity—established in 2013. Each narrative is anchored to highly visible places that commemorate either loss or success. These places, examined here using two case studies, also conceal an important “heritage in-between”—that is, the critical time period, spaces, and things that reflect native resilience and transformation—that might serve to better contextualize both narrative projects.
Can Repatriation Heal the Wounds of History?
Authors: Colwell Chip
Published: February 2019

In 1990, the US Congress passed the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act (NAGPRA), which in part established a legal procedure for Native Americans to reclaim cultural items and ancestral remains from museums and federal agencies. Many advocates have framed NAGPRA as a kind of restorative justice in which “healing” is fundamentally integrated into the repatriation process. This article engages with a growing literature that ensures questions of healing are not just casually asserted but closely examined, by critically analyzing why and how NAGPRA has led to the kinds of conflict resolution and peace-building envisioned by some of its proponents. A survey of tribal repatriation workers reveals that “healing” for Native American communities is not uniform in practice or merely the end point of conflict. Rather, it is expressed in five different themes, illustrating that healing is one component of a complex socio-political process that circles around the law’s implementation.
WOMEN IN REPRODUCTIVE SCIENCE: Discovering science and the ovary: a career of joy
Authors: Richards JoAnne S
Published: February 2019

My career has been about discovering science and learning the joys of the discovery process itself. It has been a challenging but rewarding process filled with many exciting moments and wonderful colleagues and students. Although I went to college to become a French major, I ultimately stumbled into research while pursuing a Masters Degree in teaching. Thus, my research career began in graduate school where I was studying NAD kinase in the ovary as a possible regulator of steroidogenesis, a big issue in the late 1960s. After a short excursion of teaching in North Dakota, I became a postdoctoral fellow at the University of Michigan, where radio-immuno assays and radio receptor assays had just come on the scene and were transforming endocrinology from laborious bioassays to quantitative science and of course these assays related to the ovary. From there I went to Baylor College of Medicine, a mecca of molecular biology, cloning genes and generating mouse models. It has been a fascinating and joyous journey.
Chromosome-Wide Evolution and Sex Determination in the Three-Sexed Nematode Auanema rhodensis
Authors: Tandonnet Sophie , Koutsovoulos Georgios D , Adams Sally , Cloarec Delphine , Parihar Manish , Blaxter Mark L , Pires-daSilva Andre
Published: February 2019

Trioecy, a mating system in which males, females and hermaphrodites co-exist, is a useful system to investigate the origin and maintenance of alternative mating strategies. In the trioecious nematode Auanema rhodensis, males have one X chromosome (XO), whereas females and hermaphrodites have two (XX). The female vs. hermaphrodite sex determination mechanisms have remained elusive. In this study, RNA-seq analyses show a 20% difference between the L2 hermaphrodite and female gene expression profiles. RNAi experiments targeting the DM (doublesex/mab-3) domain transcription factor dmd-10/11 suggest that the hermaphrodite sexual fate requires the upregulation of this gene. The genetic linkage map (GLM) shows that there is chromosome-wide heterozygosity for the X chromosome in F2 hermaphrodite-derived lines originated from crosses between two parental inbred strains. These results confirm the lack of recombination of the X chromosome in hermaphrodites, as previously reported. We also describe conserved chromosome elements (Nigon elements), which have been mostly maintained throughout the evolution of Rhabditina nematodes. The seven-chromosome karyotype of A. rhodensis, instead of the typical six found in other rhabditine species, derives from fusion/rearrangements events involving three Nigon elements. The A. rhodensis X chromosome is the smallest and most polymorphic with the least proportion of conserved genes. This may reflect its atypical mode of father-to-son transmission and its lack of recombination in hermaphrodites and males. In conclusion, this study provides a framework for studying the evolution of chromosomes in rhabditine nematodes, as well as possible mechanisms for the sex determination in a three-sexed species.
Hilfer fractional evolution hemivariational inequalities with nonlocal initial conditions and optimal controls
Authors: Pei Yatian , Chang Yong-Kui
Published: February 2019

In this paper, we mainly consider a control system governed by a Hilfer fractional evolution hemivariational inequality with a nonlocal initial condition. We first establish sufficient conditions for the existence of mild solutions to the addressed control system via properties of generalized Clarke subdifferential and a fixed point theorem for condensing multivalued maps. Then we present the existence of optimal state-control pairs of the limited Lagrange optimal systems governed by a Hilfer fractional evolution hemivariational inequality with a nonlocal initial condition. The optimal control results are derived without uniqueness of solutions for the control system.
Avaliação do teor de vitamina C de preparados sólidos para refresco comercializados em Campo Grande-MS
Authors: Fabiana Rosa Meyliane , Marques Rosa Aline , Sversut Rúbia Adrieli , Serrou do Amaral Marcos , Kassab Nájla Mohamad
Published: February 2019

Os sucos naturais têm sido amplamente substituídos pelos preparados sólidos para refresco (PSR), o que pode resultar em perda nutricional de componentes importantes, como o ácido ascórbico (AA). Dessa forma, este estudo objetivou analisar o teor de AA, determinar a acidez total titulável e o pH em amostras de PSR sabor abacaxi comercializados nos mercados varejistas de Campo Grande–MS e, além disso, caracterizar o AA empregado como substância química de referência. Foram analisadas 10 amostras de PSR sabor abacaxi, por meio do método de Tillmans modificado, e todas apresentaram teor de AA acima do mínimo exigido na dose dietética recomendada, atendendo aos requisitos da RDC n° 360/2003. Entretanto, 50% das amostras apresentaram teor de AA acima do limite máximo permitido de 20% para mais ou para menos segundo o declarado no rótulo. O estudo realizado confirmou que a utilização dos PSR é uma boa opção alimentícia para alcançar a dose diária necessária de AA a baixo custo.
Células madre de sangre de cordón umbilical: obtención, aplicaciones y situación en Costa Rica
Authors: Camacho Solís Melissa , Escalona Rodríguez Rocío , Romero Quirós Silvia , Vargas Vargas María Alejandra , Zúñiga Cubillo Mariamalia , Mora Román Juan José
Published: February 2019

Las células madre pueden ser embrionarias o adultas. En la actualidad, se pueden aislar células madre adultas, de tipo hematopoyético y mensequimal, de distintas fuentes, por ejemplo la sangre de cordón umbilical. Para ello, es necesario llevar a cabo procedimientos establecidos para la obtención de una cantidad adecuada de las mismas, y que además, cumplan con los parámetros de control de calidad requeridos. Entre las aplicaciones que se le ha dado a este tipo de células se incluyen el tratamiento de signos y síntomas de enfermedades degenerativas, así como padecimientos de tipo autoinmune y hematológico. Sin embargo, el rango de enfermedades para el que ha sido aprobada la terapia con ellas es pequeño. En lo que respecta a Costa Rica, la inauguración del primer banco privado de sangre de cordón se dio en el año 2004, y en 2016, se llevó a cabo la apertura del laboratorio de criopreservación en el Hospital San Juan de Dios de la Caja Costarricense de Seguro Social. No obstante, debido a la falta de información que existe en el país sobre este tema, los profesionales en salud se convierten en educadores, quienes podrán informar correctamente a la población sobre esta opción terapéutica.
Przyjęcie wykluczonych do wspólnoty zbawienia na przykładzie Dz 15, 1–35
Authors: Bieliński Krzysztof
Published: February 2019

Celem artykułu było ukazanie sposobu postępowania wspólnoty pierwotnego Kościoła wobec problemu przyjęcia do wspólnoty zbawienia wykluczonych wcześniej pogan. Kwestia ta stanowiła wielkie wyzwanie teologiczne, pastoralne i normatywno-dyscyplinarne dla chrześcijaństwa początków. Zagadnienie przedstawione zostało w trzech punktach. Z uwagi na fakt, iż przedmiotem rozważań był eklezjalny proces decyzyjny dotyczący norm postępowania, w punkcie pierwszym zdefiniowane zostało pojęcie decyzji moralnej w jej trójwymiarowości czasowej. Stwierdziliśmy, że rozpoznanie prawdy moralnej jest owocem spotkania między przeznaczeniem (ἔσχατος), zbawczym działaniem Chrystusa (κριτήριον) oraz rzeczywistością wymagającą przemiany (καιρός). W centralnym, drugim punkcie ukazano paradygmat procesu eklezjalnej decyzji, którego owocem było pełne włączenie do wspólnoty Kościoła wykluczonych etnochrześcijan. Kościół czasu soboru w Jerozolimie na „sposób synodalny” podjął problem wykluczonych i rozwiązał go w wyważonym połączeniu prawdy, wolności i miłości, stając się pod tym względem koniecznym punktem odniesienia dla procesu rozeznawania wspólnoty chrześcijan każdego czasu. Przypomniano o tym w trzecim punkcie artykułu, który dedykowany został aktualnym wskazaniom na temat rozeznawania wspólnotowego zawartym w dokumencie Biblia a moralność. Wskazano w nim, iż Pismo Święte, niezbędne źródło inspiracji dla procesu rozeznawania eklezjalnego, nadal stanowić powinno konieczny punkt odniesienia dla rozwiązywania przez Kościół nowych, aktualnych problemów etycznych. Celem najważniejszym, który udało się osiągnąć, było zaproponowanie synodalności, starożytnej kościelnej metody rozeznawania, chrześcijańskiej „kultury dialogu i spotkania” jako skutecznej metody przezwyciężania degradującej współczesną cywilizację „kultury wykluczenia”.
Acesso aos programas públicos de atividade física no Brasil: Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde, 2013
Authors: Ferreira Rodrigo Wiltgen , Caputo Eduardo Lucia , Häfele César Augusto , Jerônimo Jeferson Santos , Florindo Alex Antonio , Knuth Alan Goularte , Silva Marcelo Cozzensa da
Published: February 2019

O objetivo foi descrever o conhecimento de programas públicos de atividade física, a prática de atividade física em programas públicos e as barreiras relacionadas à não participação nestes programas de uma amostra representativa nacional, segundo o sexo, idade, cor da pele, renda, Unidades da Federação (UF) e ter sido visitado por uma equipe de saúde da família (EqSF) no último ano. Estudo transversal com dados da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde, 2013. As análises foram de cunho descritivo, usando-se a distribuição de frequências relativas e respectivos intervalos de 95% de confiança, ponderadas para o desenho amostral. Foram inclusos 60.202 indivíduos. A prevalência de conhecimento foi de 20% e, destes, 9,7% relataram prática de atividades nos programas públicos. As barreiras mais relatadas foram falta de tempo (41,4%) e não ter interesse pelas atividades oferecidas (29,7%). Mulheres possuem maior conhecimento quando comparadas aos homens, porém a prática é similar entre os sexos. O conhecimento e a prática de atividade física foram maiores nas categorias de idades mais avançadas. O conhecimento aumentou conforme a renda, mas os mais pobres participam mais dos programas públicos de atividade física em comparação às demais categorias de renda. O conhecimento e a prática de atividade física foram similares entre quem recebeu ou não uma visita de EqSF. As prevalências de conhecimento e prática de atividade física em programas públicos são pouco expressivas, sendo que quase 30% dos indivíduos não se interessam pelos programas vigentes. Esforços loco-regionais são necessários para que a atividade física possa se estabelecer como ferramenta de promoção de saúde.
Early adolescent childbearing in Colombia: time-trends and consequences
Authors: Jaramillo-Mejía Marta Cecilia , Chernichovsky Dov
Published: February 2019

Teenage childbearing has been increasing, especially among girls aged 10 to 14 years, slowing the improvements in public health and propelling social marginalization. The objective of this article is to study adolescent pregnancy in Colombia and suggest possible policy interventions. The study comprises univariate and multivariate analyses that examine trends and correlates of teenage childbirth and related infant mortality in Colombia between 2001-2011 using complete vital statistics. The study compares, by relative risk analysis as well, two groups of teenage mothers, aged 10 to 14 years and 15 to 19 years, with a reference group of mothers aged 20 to 34 years. During the study period, the average of annual birth rates increased 2.6% and 0.8% in mothers aged 10 to 14 years, and 15 to 19 years respectively, whereas it declined at an average rate of 0.2% annually for mothers aged 20 to 35 years. Simultaneously, while the overall rate declined, the infant mortality rate (IMR) of the youngest group was consistently higher during the entire period compared to the IMR of older groups. Compared with the other groups, mothers aged from 10 to 14 were more likely to be unmarried, rural, indigenous or afro-descendant, and have less access to health care. The study demonstrates that early teenage childbirth is a growing challenge at least in Colombia. These mothers are at higher risk of losing their babies while being poor and remaining poor. The study suggests the need for policy that targets appropriate education and health care to poor girls as early as age 10 and even younger.
Uso de medicamentos antidepressivos na amamentação: avaliação da conformidade das bulas com fontes bibliográficas baseadas em evidências científicas
Authors: Pizzol Tatiane da Silva Dal , Moraes Cassia Garcia , Diello Marceli Vilaverde , Campos Paola Melo , Pletsch Julia Tauana , Giugliani Camila
Published: February 2019

O objetivo deste artigo foi avaliar a conformidade entre as recomendações de uso de medicamentos antidepressivos durante a amamentação, presentes em bulas, e as recomendações de fontes bibliográficas baseadas em evidências científicas. Foram avaliadas as bulas padrão de 23 antidepressivos com registro ativo no Brasil. A presença de contraindicação do uso do antidepressivo durante a amamentação foi comparada com as informações presentes no manual técnico do Ministério da Saúde, no livro Medications and Mothers’ Milk e nas bases de dados LactMed, Micromedex e UpToDate. Na maioria das bulas (62,5%), o antidepressivo é contraindicado na amamentação. Entre as fontes bibliográficas, esse percentual variou de 0% a 25%. O estudo aponta para baixa conformidade entre bulas e fontes bibliográficas, alertando sobre a necessidade de revisão do conteúdo e forma de apresentação das informações presentes nas bulas dos antidepressivos no Brasil.
Avaliação do grau de implantação dos atributos da atenção primária à saúde como indicador da qualidade da assistência prestada às crianças
Authors: Silva George Sobrinho , Alves Claudia Regina Lindgren
Published: February 2019

O objetivo deste artigo foi avaliar o grau de implantação dos atributos da atenção primária à saúde (APS) como indicador da qualidade da assistência prestada às crianças. Realizou-se estudo transversal em um município de médio porte de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Foram entrevistados 707 cuidadores de crianças de 0 a 4 anos (498 da área urbana e 209 da rural) e 22 profissionais das equipes de saúde da família, utilizando o Primary Care Assessment Tool, o critério Brasil de classificação socioeconômica e um questionário elaborado pelos pesquisadores. Foram calculados os escores dos atributos da APS a partir da opinião de usuários e profissionais. Escores ≥ 6,6 foram considerados indicativos de alto grau de implantação dos atributos. O teste de Mann-Whitney foi utilizado para comparar os resultados das áreas urbana e rural. Os profissionais avaliaram melhor os serviços da APS do que os usuários. Para os profissionais, os componentes com maiores escores foram “sistemas de informação” e “orientação familiar” (ambos 8,9). Para os usuários, os componentes melhor avaliados foram “sistemas de informação” (7,8) e “utilização” (6,8), e os pior avaliados foram “integração de cuidados” (4,0) e “serviços disponíveis” (4,6). Os escores dos atributos essencial e geral dos serviços da área rural foram mais altos do que os da área urbana na opinião dos usuários, mas não na dos profissionais. Há divergências importantes entre as avaliações de profissionais e usuários. Os serviços da área rural foram melhor avaliados do que os da área urbana, embora os atributos da APS não estejam devidamente implantados no município como um todo, indicando que a qualidade da assistência à criança se encontra aquém da necessária.
Association of breastfeeding, maternal anthropometry and body composition in women at 30 years of age
Authors: Lima Natália Peixoto , Bassani Diego G. , Silva Bruna G. C. da , Motta Janaína V. S. , Magalhães Elma Izze S. , Barros Fernando C. , Horta Bernardo L.
Published: February 2019

This study aimed at assessing the association of breastfeeding with maternal body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, fat mass index, fat free mass index, android/gynoid fat ratio and bone mineral density. In 1982, the maternity hospitals in Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil, were daily visited and all live births were identified and examined. These subjects underwent follow-up for several times. At 30 years of age, the participants were interviewed and examined. Parous women provided information on parity and duration of breastfeeding. Multiple linear regression was used in the multivariate analysis, controlling for genomic ancestry, family income, schooling and smoking at 2004-2005. After controlling for confounding factors, breastfeeding was inversely associated with BMI and fat mass index, whereas breastfeeding per live birth was negatively associated with BMI, waist circumference and fat mass index. Women who had had a child in the last 5 years and had breastfed, showed lower BMI (β = -2.12, 95%CI: -4.2; -0.1), waist circumference (β = -4.46, 95%CI: -8.3; -0.6) and fat mass index (β = -1.79, 95%CI: -3.3; -0.3), whereas no association was observed among those whose last childbirth was > 5 years, but the p-value for the tests of interaction were > 0.05. Our findings suggest that breastfeeding is associated with lower BMI and other adiposity measures, mostly in the first years after delivery. Besides that, it has no negative impact on bone mineral density.
Storage protein variability in natural populations of maté (Ilex paraguariensis) in Brazil
Authors: Gregianini Tatiana Schäffer , Winge Helga
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACT: Samples of 168 maté trees (Ilex paraguariensis) from four natural populations of different states of Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina, Paraná and Mato Grosso do Sul) were analyzed for their variability in storage proteins seed, which were used to estimate the degree of differentiation among and within species, because are relatively stable during evolution. Data on band presence/absence from 80 different polypeptides were used to perform similarity coefficient of Jaccard. A high level of genetic variability was reported within sampled populations (SJ intra=0.374). Lower levels of diversity were observed between populations (SJ inter=0.308). Total genetic diversity of maté was Hsp=0.264 estimated by Shannon measure. Partition of that value disclosed that 95 % of the total diversity is within-population, and only 5% to between-populations. The phenogram based on King’s distances indicates a certain degree of geographic differentiation. This represents the first study on storage protein variability in I. paraguariensis and guides the choice of the specimens to increment germoplasm banks and genetic improvement programs.
Reproductive performance of fixed-time artificial insemination in swine and factors for the technology success
Authors: Quirino Monike , Pinheiro Ana Raquel Almeida , Santos Joabel Tonellotto dos , Ulguim Rafael da Rosa , Mellagi Ana Paula Gonçalves , Bortolozzo Fernando Pandolfo
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACT: Fixed-time artificial insemination (FTAI) is a reproductive technology that aids in obtaining an appropriate time to perform single artificial insemination (AI), thus reducing the number of inseminations per sow bred. FTAI protocols can either be based on estrus detection or day of weaning, aiming to synchronize ovulation using ovulation inducers. The protocols involving estrus detection usually employ porcine luteinizing hormone (pLH) as an inducer and, in general, satisfactory reproductive performance is observed. For protocols based on weaning day, the main hormone used is analog of gonadotropin-releasing hormone such as triptorelin and buserelin. Regardless of the protocol, the number of piglets born is usually not affected by FTAI. However, a possible compromise in the farrowing rate should be considered. The FTAI in gilts requires progestogen treatment for estrus synchronization, increasing the labor requirement and cost of protocol. Some of the benefits of FTAI are a reduced number of semen doses required, advantage of planning the breeding time and; consequently, optimizing labor involved. However, the limitations include a slight reduction in the fertility index due to the compromised farrowing rate in some cases, costs incurred by following the protocol, and difficulty in measuring all the conceptual benefits under commercial conditions. The aim of this review is to approach the reproductive performance of the current protocols of FTAI, considering the benefits and limitations of this technology in swine production.
Encapsulation of Lactobacillus acidophilus and different prebiotic agents by external ionic gelation followed by freeze-drying
Authors: Poletto Gabriela , Fonseca Bruna de Souza , Raddatz Greice Carine , Wagner Roger , Lopes Eduardo Jacob , Barin Juliano Smanioto , Flores Erico Marlon de Moraes , Menezes Cristiano Ragagnin de
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of the addition of prebiotics rice bran, inulin and hi-maize, on the survival of Lactobacillus acidophilus in alginate microparticles obtained by external ionic gelation followed by freeze-drying. The microparticles size ranged from 127.5μm to 234.6μm. Microparticles added from the different prebiotics demonstrated an increase in the protection of the microorganism, which presented greater viability against the gastrointestinal simulation. As for storage under different conditions, rice bran treatment at 25ºC kept probiotics viable for 30 days. Under storage conditions -18°C and 7°C, treatments containing prebiotics hi-maize and rice bran maintained viable probiotic microorganisms for a period of 60 days.
Liming on picloram leaching in dystrophic Red Yellow Latosol
Authors: Franceschi Mauricio , Arantes Sayonara A. do C. M. , Andrade Ednaldo A. de , Rocha Adriano M. da , Arantes Kelte R. , Yamashita Oscar M.
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACT The practice of liming may influence the leaching of herbicides in soils, especially those with weak acid character, such as picloram. The study on leaching, preserving soil structure, is an important factor when one intends to understand the dynamics of herbicides and environmental impacts. Thus, the effect of liming on picloram leaching in a dystrophic Red Yellow Latosol under field conditions was studied using a bioindicator plant. The experiment was set up in a completely randomized design (CRD), in split-plot scheme, with factorial in the plot. The factors of the plot corresponded to two soil conditions (presence and absence of liming) and 5 picloram concentrations (0; 384; 768; 1152; 1536 g ha-1), and the factor of the subplot was 5 soil depths (0-8, 8-16, 16-24, 24-32 and 32-40 cm), with four replicates. Pipes were introduced into the soil and, in part of the treatments, limestone was applied superficially. After ninety days, the different doses of picloram were applied on the surface of each pipe and these pipes were withdrawn after an accumulated rainfall of 128 mm, to perform the bioassay using cucumber plants (Cucumis sativus). Evaluations of plant development (phytotoxicity and shoot biomass) were carried out 21 days after sowing. It was concluded that picloram showed high leaching rate under all studied conditions and liming increased picloram leaching at doses lower than 768 g ha-1.
Productivity of castor bean plants intercropped at different plant densities with Urochloa ruziziensis
Authors: Cordeiro Carlos F. dos S. , Echer Fábio R. , Pires Lucas H. T. , Creste José E.
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACT Castor bean is an important raw material to produce biofuel in Brazil and can be grown in several regions of the country due to its good adaptation and tolerance to high temperatures and water deficit. The objective of this study was to evaluate the productivity of castor bean plants intercropped at different plant densities with Urochloa ruziziensis. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design with four replications, using a 4 × 2 factorial arrangement, consisting of four plant densities (13,574, 24,512, 36,816, and 40,723 plants ha-1) of castor bean and two crop systems (single crop, and intercrop with Urochloa ruziziensis). The data were subjected to analyses of variance and regression, and means were compared by the Tukey’s test (p < 0.05). The intercrop system reduced the number of pods per plant by 15%, but it did not significantly affect the castor bean grain yield. Increasing plant density reduced linearly the proportion of plants harvested, reaching 22.1%, from the lowest to the highest plant density used; the highest grain yield was achieved using 36,816 plants ha-1 for both intercrop and single crop systems. Intercropping castor bean with U. ruziziensis does not reduce the castor bean grain yield and is an alternative to produce biomass for following crops, especially in production environments with low fertility soils, high temperatures, and infrequent rainfall.
Agronomic performance of lettuce subjected to green manure with different leguminous species
Authors: Sarmento José J. A. , Santos José J. F. dos , Costa Caciana C. , Bomfim Marinês P.
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACT Green manure is the practice of cultivation and incorporation of plants to the soil, mainly leguminous species, produced or not in situ, for the purpose of preserving and/or restoring soil organic matter and soil nutrients. To compare the effects of incorporating leguminous species in the pre-planting green manure on lettuce production, seven treatments were tested: mineral fertilization; crotalaria (Crotalaria juncea); cowpea (Vigna unguiculata); common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris); lablab bean (Dolichos lablab); pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) and spontaneous plants. The treatments were arranged in the randomized blocks, with five repetitions. The experiment was conducted in the experimental area of the CCTA/UFCG, in the period from April to December 2016. At 30 days after transplanting, the following variables were analyzed: number of leaves, head diameter, shoot height, root volume, fresh weight of shoots and roots, dry weight of shoots and roots, total fresh weight of shoots and roots, total dry weight of shoots and roots and yield. The results were subjected to analysis of variance and, when significant, Tukey test at 0.05 probability level was applied to compare the means. The results showed that, among the leguminous species, the use of lablab bean led to greater development and yield of lettuce.
Yield and water use efficiency of cowpea under water deficit
Authors: Souza Paulo J. O. P. , Ramos Thaynara F. , Fiel Lucilene de C. S. , Farias Vivian D. da S. , Sousa Denis de P. , Nunes Hildo G. G. C.
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACT The state of Pará is the main regional producer of cowpea, but its yield is still low compared to other states of the Northern region such as Amazonas and Tocantins, due to the management adopted and the water regime during the cycle, since its cultivation is conducted on a rainfed basis. The objective of this study was to evaluate how water deficit imposed during reproductive stage interferes in the yield of cowpea and in its water use efficiency under the climatic conditions of Castanhal, Pará, Brazil, for agricultural planning purposes. The experiment was carried out in Castanhal, northeastern region of the Pará state during the dry season of 2014, 2015 and 2016. The experimental design was randomized blocks with six blocks and four treatments, corresponding to different irrigation depths in the reproductive stage, defined as 100, 50, 25 and 0% of the crop evapotranspiration. Water use efficiency (WUE) was determined by the ratio between total grain yield and total water used in each treatment. Maximum water availability led to an average increase in yield of 58% compared to the treatment without irrigation. Water depths below 260 mm limited yield to values lower than 1,000 kg ha-1. The cultivar adopted had WUE of 4.63 kg ha-1 mm-1, in response to the higher levels of water supply, but showed WUE of 4.31 kg ha-1 mm-1 under water depth of 50% of water demand.
Spatial variability of enthalpy in rabbit house with and without ridge vent
Authors: Ferraz Patrícia F. P. , Ferraz Gabriel A. e S. , Damasceno Flavio A. , Moura Raquel S. de , Silva Maria A. J. G. , Rodrigues Rodrigo de L.
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACT The profitability of a rabbit farming system must consider the rabbit’s breed, nutrition, management, sanitation and mainly the thermal environment that the animal will be exposed during the productive period. The aim of this study was to compare the internal thermal environment of two rabbit houses, one with ridge vent and the other without ridge vent. Geostatistical technique was used to evaluate the spatial variability of enthalpy. Data were collected at 48 points in each house during eight days at the end of summer season 2016. Measurements of dry-bulb temperature, relative humidity and wind speed were made for 1 min at three times a day at 7:00 a.m., 12:00 a.m. and 5:00 p.m. In addition, the enthalpy was calculated and a data analysis was performed using geostatistical tools and isocolor maps through interpolation by kriging. Based on results from geostatistics, it was possible to characterize the variability magnitude and structure of this variable inside the rabbits’ houses with and without ridge vent. The heterogeneity of the spatial distribution of enthalpy in several regions of two houses was also observed through generated isocolor maps. The ridge vent assisted in obtaining a more favorable internal environment for rabbit breeding because this house showed more comfortable conditions of enthalpy values, besides lower heterogeneity of the spatial distribution of enthalpy.
Microstructure and flow properties of lyophilized mango pulp with maltodextrin
Authors: Afonso Marcos R. A. , Rodrigues Brena K. M. , Costa José M. C. da , Rybka Ana C. P. , Wurlitzer Nedio J.
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACT The present study had as objective to determine the flow properties and behavior of lyophilized mango pulp powder as a function of different concentrations of maltodextrin. In the samples of the powders contain 5, 10 and 15% of maltodextrin the angle of effective internal friction, wall friction angle, flow index and bulk density were determined. The microstructure was evaluated by scanning electron microscopy. The freeze-dried samples are characterized as having an amorphous structure, and the drying aid used modified the surface of the particles. The flow index was 3.19, 4.28 and 4.53 for samples containing, respectively, 5, 10 and 15% maltodextrin. Increasing the concentration of maltodextrin in the mango pulp decreased the effective angles of internal friction and wall friction. The bulk density of the powders increased with increasing concentration of maltodextrin for the samples containing 5, 10 and 15% of the maltodextrin, being equal to 597.8, 689.8 and 691.3 kg m-3, respectively. Thus, it was concluded that the addition of maltodextrin modified the shape of the particles, decreased segregation, affected the flow properties of the mango powders, facilitating flow and increasing their bulk density.
Reduction of fuel consumption using driving strategy in agricultural tractor
Authors: Farias Marcelo S. de , Schlosser José F. , Linares Pilar , Bertollo Gilvan M. , Martini Alfran T.
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACT During the acquisition and use of an agricultural tractor, the consumption of fuel by the engine must be taken into account by the user, considering its nonrenewable origin and the marketing price. Appropriate strategies in driving tractors can help users to reduce production costs. In this context, the objective of this study was to evaluate the fuel consumption of an agricultural tractor using different driving strategies. Load levels were imposed, following the instructions from Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development Code 2, using an instrumented dynamometer car, in a concrete test track. Six load levels (30, 40, 50, 60, 70, and 80% of Q0) and three travel speeds (5.16, 7.29, and 10.48 km h-1) were applied for the strategies used (Full Throttle and Shifted Up - Throttle Back), where Q0 is the traction force corresponding to the maximum power in the drawbar for each gear selected. Three repetitions were made, which totaled 108 experimental units (2 × 3 × 6 × 3), in a completely randomized experimental design. Shifted Up - Throttle Back mode should be used as a strategy of tractor driving, because it can save up to 29.39% of fuel in relation to the Full Throttle mode, typically used by users.
Organic fertilization to attenuate water salinity effect on papaya growth
Authors: Sousa Mônica S. da S. , Lima Vera L. A. de , Brito Marcos E. B. , Silva Luderlândio de A. , Moreira Rômulo C. L. , Oliveira Carlos J. A.
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACT The salinity of water and soil reduces the growth and production of crops, especially the fruit trees, such as papaya. Thus, it is necessary to obtain management alternatives for cultivation under these conditions. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the growth and phytomass of papaya cultivated under irrigation with saline water and organic fertilization. An experiment was set up using a randomized block design, with the treatments distributed in a 5 x 2 factorial scheme, consisting of five levels of salinity of irrigation water (0.6, 1.2, 1.8, 2.4 and 3.0 dS m-1) and two levels of organic fertilization (10 and 20 L of bovine manure per plant), with three replications, totaling thirty experimental plots. Growth variables of papaya were evaluated. Papaya plants were negatively affected by irrigation water salinity, with a greater effect on the number of leaves and on dry phytomass of leaves, with no effect of bovine manure levels.
Growth and gas changes of melon seedlings submitted to water salinity
Authors: Sousa Valéria F. de O. , Costa Caciana C. , Diniz Genilson L. , Santos João B. dos , Bomfim Marinês P. , Lopes Kilson P.
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACT The melon is an outstanding fruit crop in Brazil, mainly in the Northeast region due to favorable conditions for cultivation. Water salinity affects the growth and production of several species, but there is tolerance among cultivars of the same species. The objective of this study was to evaluate the growth and gas exchange in melon seedlings subjected to water salinity. Experiment was carried out in a greenhouse belonging to the Center of Sciences and Agri-Food Technology, Federal University of Campina Grande, Pombal, PB, Brazil, from September to October 2016. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design in a 6 x 5 factorial scheme, with four replicates, for six cultivars of melon (Natal, Solares, Goldex, Iracema, Mandacaru and Amarelo Ouro) and five irrigation water salinity levels with the following electrical conductivities: 0.3, 1.1, 1.9, 2.7 and 3.5 dS m-1. Each experimental unit consisted of a polypropylene container with a volume capacity of 0.350 dm3, which contained soil + Basaplant® commercial substrate at a ratio of 2:1. At 25 days after sowing, the plants were evaluated for growth, gas exchange and dry mass accumulation. Increased salinity of irrigation water inhibits the growth, dry mass accumulation and physiological processes of melon cultivars. The cultivar Natal showed to be more tolerant, while the cultivars Solares, Goldex, Iracema and Mandacaru were moderately sensitive and the cultivar Amarelo Ouro was more sensitive to the salinity of irrigation water.
Production and quality of okra produced with mineral and organic fertilization
Authors: Santos Hemmannuella C. , Pereira Emmanuel M. , Medeiros Rafael L. S. de , Costa Paulo M. de A. , Pereira Walter E.
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACT Okra, Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench, is a vegetable with annual fruit native to hot regions of Africa, well adapted to the conditions of the Northeast and Southeast regions of Brazil, where it is widely used by small farmers. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of mineral and organic fertilization on the production and quality of okra fruits. The experiment was conducted in randomized block design, with three replicates and eleven treatments defined according to a Baconian matrix. Treatments consisted of doses of N (0, 100, 200 and 300 kg ha-1), P (0, 100, 200 and 300 kg ha-1) and K (0, 80, 160 and 240 kg ha-1), as well as absence and presence of organic compost (30 t ha-1). The following parameters were evaluated: plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, production of fruits plant-1, number of fruits plant-1, fruit length and diameter and fruit quality (pH, soluble solids, titratable acidity, vitamin C and electrical conductivity). The crop is demanding in terms of K and N fertilizations, with increments of 15.8 and 36% in the mean number and diameter of fruits, respectively. Organic fertilization did not influence the vegetative growth of okra, but was beneficial to the production of fruits with higher vitamin C content, 52% higher than the contents found in fruits produced without such input.
Feridas em membros inferiores em diabéticos e não diabéticos: estudo de sobrevida
Authors: Oliveira Marina Ferreira de , Viana Bárbara Júnia Ferreira , Matozinhos Fernanda Penido , Silva Mendelssohn Martins Santana da , Pinto Daniel Mendes , Moreira Alexandra Dias , Velásquez-Meléndez Gustavo , Gomes Flávia Sampaio Latini
Published: February 2019

Resumo OBJETIVO Avaliar a sobrevida de feridas em membros inferiores de pacientes diabéticos e não diabéticos. MÉTODO Estudo de coorte retrospectivo de pacientes com úlceras de membros inferiores tratados em centro especializado entre 2011 e 2013. Desfecho: cicatrização de lesões de membros inferiores em dias. Realizou-se análise da função de sobrevida das feridas de membros inferiores e das diferenças entre diabéticos e não diabéticos. Aplicou-se o teste Log-rank para comparação das curvas de sobrevida entre os grupos de estudo. RESULTADOS Em até 600 dias, 23% dos diabéticos apresentaram cicatrização das feridas, enquanto 63% dos não diabéticos tiveram suas feridas cicatrizadas, com diferença estatística das curvas de sobrevida na comparação entre os grupos. Os Hazard Ratios (HR) de cicatrização foram menores para pacientes diabéticos (HR = 0,13, IC95% = 0,02-0,97). CONCLUSÃO Os resultados mostram que há retardo na cicatrização de feridas em pacientes diabéticos.
Grupo de gestantes de alto-risco como estratégia de educação em saúde
Authors: Alves Francisca Liduina Cavalcante , Castro Elaine Meireles , Souza Flávia Keli Rocha , Lira Maria Cleene Pereira de Sousa , Rodrigues Francisca Leonilda Sampaio , Pereira Lívia de Paulo
Published: February 2019

Resumo OBJETIVO Compreender a importância do grupo no processo de cuidado de enfermagem as gestantes de risco. MÉTODOS Estudo qualitativo, descritivo realizado na Maternidade Escola Assis Chateaubriand, de fevereiro a março/2017, através de grupos focais com 24 gestantes internadas. Dados submetidos à análise de conteúdo e as ideias relevantes dos discursos foram extraídas, formando categorias. RESULTADOS Construíram três categorias: Grupos interativos como espaço de vínculo e convivência, Estratégia educativa como abordagem das boas práticas do parto/nascimento, Repercussão da experiência do grupo no fortalecimento do vínculo entre equipe de saúde e gestante. Os grupos promovem partilha de experiência, aprendizado e reflexão sobre as possibilidades e limitações do processo saúde-doença, reduzindo a ansiedade e contribuindo para o empoderamento na tomada de decisões. CONCLUSÃO As considerações das gestantes nortearam a equipe no desenvolvimento do grupo e efetivá-lo como espaço estratégico de cuidados, ampliação do conhecimento e relação de confiança, impactando na qualidade da assistência.