bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Legislative regulation of land relations and cadastre in post-Soviet Russia
Authors: Lipski Stanislav
Published: February 2020

The book investigates how post-Soviet Russia implemented
and continues the process of transformation of legislation on land management and cadastral relations. To do this consistently analysed as formed the modern understanding of land management and cadastre in Russia, their relationship with each other, as well as the corresponding foreign experience; how has the positioning in the modern system of law governing their regulations; as for the last 25-30 years to develop land legislation and system of bodies of land management; as organized by the land management and cadastral activities; what are the legal issues peculiar to them now and how they are solved.
Presented in the monograph the results reflect the tendencies and regularities in the sphere of legislative regulation of land relations and cadastre, explain the reasons which influenced the selection by the legislator of an option development of an appropriate legal framework.
For students and teachers, and anyone interested in land law.
Spiritual culture of miners in Europe and Russia: beliefs and festive and ritual practices (comparative analysis)
Authors: Murzin Alyeksandr
Published: February 2020

Монография посвящена особенностям духовной культуры горняков Европы и России. Автор ставит своей целью проанализировать особенности духовной культуры регионов Европы и России, в которых горное дело было главной отраслью хозяйства. В монографии последовательно рассматриваются этапы становления и развития горного дела в Европе; выявляются специфические черты горнозаводских регионов России; проводится сравнительный анализ духовной культуры горняков через сопоставление генеалогических преданий, особенностей жилища, анализ образов «низшей мифологии», обрядовых практик и праздничной традиции.
Монография адресована широкому кругу читателей.
The history of social work
Authors: Shirshov Vladimir
Published: February 2020

The tutorial describes the stages, forms and models of the formation and development of social work in Russia and abroad. Describes the main concepts of international legal norms, principles, trends and problems of development of social work. Reflected the ideas of outstanding teachers, psychologists and political figures that have influenced the formation and development of social work in our country and abroad.
Meets the requirements of Federal state educational standards of higher education of the last generation.
Designed for teachers, students studying the discipline "History of social work" the main educational programs of baccalaureate Social work, graduate students and others working in the field of social pedagogy and social work.
Efficacy of MMP-inhibiting wound dressings in the treatment of chronic wounds: a systematic review
Authors: Dissemond Joachim , Augustin Matthias , Dietlein Michael , Faust Uta , Keuthage Winfried , Lobmann Ralf , Münter Karl-Christian , Strohal Robert , Stücker Markus , Traber Jürg , Vanscheidt Wolfgang , Läuchli Severin
Published: February 2020

Objective:

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) substantially contribute to the development of chronicity in wounds. Thus, MMP-inhibiting dressings may support healing. A systematic review was performed to determine the existing evidence base for the treatment of hard-to-heal wounds with these dressings.

Methods:

A systematic literature search in databases and clinical trial registers was conducted to identify randomised controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the efficacy of MMP-inhibiting dressings. Studies were analysed regarding their quality and clinical evidence.

Results:

Of 721 hits, 16 relevant studies were assessed. There were 13 studies performed with collagen and three with technology lipido-colloid nano oligosaccharide factor (TLC-NOSF) dressings. Indications included diabetic foot ulcers, venous leg ulcers, pressure ulcers or wounds of mixed origin. Patient-relevant endpoints comprised wound size reduction, complete wound closure, healing time and rate. Considerable differences in the quality and subsequent clinical evidence exist between the studies identified. Substantial evidence for significant improvement in healing was identified only for some dressings.

Conclusion:

Evidence for the superiority of some MMP-inhibiting wound dressings exists regarding wound closure, wound size reduction, healing time and healing rate. More research is required to substantiate the existing evidence for different types of hard-to-heal wounds and to generate evidence for some of the different types of MMP-inhibiting wound dressings.
Ultrasonic-assisted wound debridement: report from a closed panel meeting
Authors: Swanson Terry , Lázaro-Martínez José Luis , Braumann Chris , Kirchhoff Jan-Birger , Gächter Bernd , van Acker Kristien
Published: February 2020

Mechanical debridement can be considered as an alternative to surgical debridement if surgery is not available, or is considered impractical or too high risk. One form of selective mechanical debridement is ultrasonic-assisted wound (UAW) debridement. As the published evidence on this is limited, a closed international expert meeting was held to review the existing evidence base on it, present preliminary findings of research currently in progress and discuss individual cases selected from the clinical experts’ own practice. The panel also explored the potential barriers to the implementation of UAW debridement and how these might be addressed. It concluded there is sufficient evidence that UAW debridement is an effective method of cleansing and debriding almost all hard-to-heal wounds. Patients who are most likely to benefit from it are not medically stable, on anticoagulants, unable to visit a hospital for wound treatment, and/or have wounds with a poor vascular supply or are close to critical structures. The panel also observed that UAW debridement can be used to prepare the wound for negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) or as an adjunctive to it. Given the potential to experience pain during the procedure, the panel considered that patients will benefit from topical analgesia. The panel noted that health professionals, patients and visitors must be protected from the aerosolisation associated with UAW, to reduce risk of cross-contamination.
Is the European Union Evolving or Failing?
Authors: Bakare Najimdeen , Sherazi Tatheer Zahra
Published: February 2020

In recent years, the European Union (EU) has seen and grappled with a varied degree of crisis, which a few observers considered as proof of its vulnerability and at worst scenario - existential threat. As it is with every crisis, there are gainers and losers; there are those who benefit from the fallout and others who manage to turn vulnerability into opportunity and strength. The crisis surrounding the EU can be characterized along the latter context, particularly in the backdrop of rising European populism. The rise of contemporary European populism has raised many questions and generated debates. Based on its anti-EU rhetoric and growing public acceptability, populism is interpreted as EU's political nemesis. In the midst of rising European populism, the paper looks at the debates in which the EU is considered as a failing or failed project. It also explores the extent to which European populism impacts the European political landscape. The paper explores the notion of populism as an anti-EU movement, bent at dislodging and disintegrating the Union. It argues that the actions of the populist parties suggest otherwise; populist dramatization underscores EU's continuous evolution and transition instead of its disintegration.
TRANSMISSION OF HAKKA TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE FROM TWO REVITALIZATION PROJECTS IN THAILAND: WHAT DID THEY ACHIEVE?.
Authors: UNGSITIPOONPORN Siripen
Published: February 2020

The phenomenon of intermarriage and assimilation into Thai society has contributed to diminishing Hakka language use. However, some elderly Hakka speakers have acknowledged this situation and are trying to preserve the Hakka language and culture as much as possible. Two research projects of Hakka language preservation and revitalization were conducted using Participatory Action Research (PAR) approach by the participants and researchers. The results were that in the first project, the adult generation had the ability to teach the traditional Hakka food style, but there were no Hakka children to learn from them. Several factors, such as fast food, climate change, and young people going to study outside the community, had an effect on language revitalization and preservation. Results from the second project showed that volunteer participants, Hakka association networks and internet communication are positive factors for language revitalization. Young people had opportunities to hear and speak Hakka with the elderly in the events if these were mainly organized occasions. Some participants collected data from Hakka speakers while others wrote articles related to their family history which they wanted to record and transfer to the next generation. As their knowledge of Hakka was limited, they wrote in the Thai language instead. From observation, most Hakka speakers know words from their language, but they cannot use them in full sentences. If someone could communicate in Hakka, they used mixed language with Thai.
Fragile X Syndrome-Associated Emergency Department Visits in the United States, 2006–2011
Authors: Do Thuy Quynh N. , Riley Catharine , Paramsothy Pangaja , Ouyang Lijing , Bolen Julie , Grosse Scott D.
Published: February 2020

Using national data, we examined emergency department (ED) encounters during 2006–2011 for which a diagnosis code for fragile X syndrome (FXS) was present (n = 7,217). Almost half of ED visits coded for FXS resulted in hospitalization, which is much higher than for ED visits not coded for FXS. ED visits among females coded for FXS were slightly more likely to result in hospitalization. These findings underscore the importance of surveillance systems that could accurately identify individuals with FXS, track healthcare utilization and co-occurring conditions, and monitor quality of care in order to improve care and reduce FXS-associated morbidity.
Current Research Approaches to Down Syndrome: Translational Research Perspectives
Authors: Capone George T.
Published: February 2020

Translational research means different things to different people. In the biomedical research community, translational research is the process of applying knowledge from basic biology and clinical trials to techniques and tools that address critical medical needs such as new therapies. Translational research then is a “bench to bedside” bridge specifically designed to improve health outcomes (Wetmore & Garner, 2010). In this sense, animal models or cell culture systems may be used to learn about basic underlying genetic and physiologic systems that are exceedingly difficult to study in human subjects (Reeves et al., 2019). This has been a major theme in Down syndrome (DS) research since the mid-1980s when mouse models that approximate the condition of trisomy 21 (Ts21) first became available (Das & Reeves 2011). Translational research has recently taken on a more expansive meaning, as the process of turning observations from the laboratory, the clinic, and the community can all lead to new therapeutic approaches to improve population health outcomes (Rubio et al., 2010). This model has received increased attention in the last decade as it is clear that improving developmental outcomes for people with DS requires a community effort on the part of all stakeholders (Capone, 2010).
The Search for Biomarkers of Alzheimer's Disease in Down Syndrome
Authors: Handen Benjamin L.
Published: February 2020

Adults with Down syndrome are at high risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD), with most individuals developing clinical dementia by their late 60s. This increased risk for AD has been attributed, at least in part, to triplication and overexpression of the gene for amyloid precursor protein (APP) on chromosome 21, leading to elevated levels of amyloid β peptides. This article offers a brief overview of our current knowledge of AD in the DS population. In addition, information on a NIA/NICHD-funded, multicenter longitudinal study of biomarkers of AD in adults with DS is provided.
Nonlinear effects and photonic phase transitions in Nd3+-doped nanocrystal-based random lasers
Authors: Moura André L. , Carreño Sandra J. , Pincheira Pablo I. R. , Maia Lauro J. Q. , Jerez Vladimir , Raposo Ernesto P. , Gomes Anderson S. L. , de Araújo Cid B.
Published: February 2020

The interplay between gain and scattering of light propagating in disordered media allows operation of random lasers (RLs)—lasers without conventional optical cavities. In the present paper, we review our recent contributions in this area, which include the demonstration of self-second-harmonic and self-sum-frequency generation, the characterization of Lévy’s statistics of the output intensity fluctuations, and replica symmetry breaking (analogue to the spin-glass phase transition) by RLs based on nanocrystals containing trivalent neodymium ions.
Beckett’s fizzles: De-creating the short story
Authors: Nadel Ira
Published: February 2020

An analysis of Beckett’s deconstruction of the short story and its impact on readers and writers. The importance of silence as an adjunct to his negative attitude towards language and its impact on the rudiments of short story writing is discussed. Supplementing the analysis is a summary of the arc of his short fictions from his earliest short story, ‘Assumption’, appearing when he was 23, to ‘Stirrings Still’, published the year before his death. Attention is paid to two writers influenced by Beckett, Clarice Lispector and Jennifer Egan, to show the importance of his revolutionary approach.
Angry laughter: Postcolonial representations of dictatorial masculinities
Authors: Baker Charlotte
Published: February 2020

Focusing on the representation of the masculinity of dictator figures in Cheik Aliou Ndao's Mbaam dictateur (1997) and Baba Galleh Jallow's Angry Laughter (2004), this article explores the imbrication of social realities, power structures and literary expression that characterizes these texts as dictator-novels. It considers the writers' reappropriation of the border between animal and human as a means by which to level an allegorical political critique in the guise of a fable. In so doing, it emphasizes their representation of the hypermasculine body of the dictator and its centrality to emerging nation states that are defined by class and ethnic relations. Finally, its focus turns to the importance of voice to examine the aesthetic of these two dictator-novels, which is of equal importance to our understanding of these texts as their thematic representation. The article thus takes these two literary works as case studies for the dictator-novel at the turn of the twenty-first century to examine the ways in which African writers use the dictator-novel to express the disenchantment of citizens with the long and faltering process of decolonization that, in many countries across Africa, had seen the emergence not of an ideal postcolonial democracy, but instead of a de-humanizing neo-colonial autocracy.
Penser et jouer l'absurde dans le théâtre haïtien: Corps, mémoire, possession
Authors: Allen-Paisant Jason
Published: February 2020

Cet article propose une lecture critique de Chemin de fer, pièce de théâtre écrite par le Congolais Julian Mabiala Bissila et mise en scène par le comédien haïtien Miracson Saint-Val dans le cadre du Festival Quatre Chemins en Haïti (2017). A travers la manifestation de la violence dans l'œuvre, nous verrons que se dégage une esthétique de la performance de l'absurde qui lie la représentation scénique de la pièce au travail de l'écriture, les deux ouvrant sur une théâtralité que l'on pourrait qualifier de 'rituelle' (soit basée sur les techniques de l' 'ethnodrame' élaborées par Louis Mars). Il s'agit également de voir combien la pièce se prête à une juxtaposition possible de plusieurs réalités historiques, la guerre civile congolaise entrant sur scène en résonnance avec l'actualité haïtienne. Ces questions en suscitent une autre, à laquelle cet article tentera de répondre : Peut-on parler d'un 'théâtre de l'absurde' où l'absurde, le tragique et le rituel fonctionneraient ensemble dans le continuum du colonialisme?
Negritude, Americanization and human rights in Gorée, Senegal: The Maison de Esclaves 1966–2019
Authors: Ostow Robin
Published: February 2020

Based on historical research, and in situ observations, this article examines the history of the Maison des Esclaves as an example of Moyn's argument that interest in human rights arose as a response to the failures of previous idealistic movements, especially nationalism and socialism, and, by the 1970s, the feeling that decolonization had failed. Originating as an expression of Negritude idealism and cultural nationalism, with the Senegalese state's loss of interest in the Maison, the state's larger failure to promote the interests of its inhabitants and ongoing American ties with Senegal's universities and cultural institutions, the Maison shifted its perspective on the slave trade to a human rights approach. This change linked the museum to a supportive international network. But, today, as the Maison's new, human rights-oriented exhibits are still in preparation, they are already being overshadowed by the new Musée des Civilisations Noires, a monumental expression of Negritude and nationalism, supported by the Chinese government. This latest development points to challenges that human rights regimes and museums worldwide may be facing in the coming years.
Sztoikus-e az Iskola végső üzenete?
Authors: Arató László
Published: February 2020

A dolgozat elsősorban nem új összefüggések feltárására vállalkozik, hanem egy olyan könyv, az Ottlik-veduta néhány tézisének felidézésére és alátámasztására, amely az elmúlt húsz év Ottlik-olvasásának legjelentősebb teljesítménye, s melynek felfedezései, igazságai nem kellőképpen terjedtek el az Ottlik-filológiában, -recepcióban, illetve az Iskola a határon középiskolai tanításában. A Jakus–Hévizi-hipotézis lényege, hogy az Iskola távolról sem olyan megnyugtató könyv, mint azt a recepció fővonala gondolja, hogy nem (elsősorban) a sztoikus belső szabadság kiépüléséről szóló példázat. Hogy Bébé a regény elején elhangzó agyonidézett meditációját a tőkesúlyról, a néma összetartozásról nem szabad névértéken venni. Hogy az Iskola inkább kérdező, mint válaszoló regény. Bébé belső szabadságról szóló „áriái” valójában Szeredy azon kérdése előli kitérések, hogy maradjon-e Magdával, a szeretőjével, vagy térjen vissza a feleségéhez, azaz a létezése gyermekkori alaprétege és a jelene közötti kapcsolatot élje-e meg, vagy visszatérjen felnőtt mindennapi életéhez. Hévizi álláspontja az, hogy a regény három főszereplője Medve kéziratában keresi a választ és önmagát. A kérdés az, hogy a gyermekkor utáni évek s bennük az iskolaévek felesleges viszontagságok voltak-e, vagy az iskolaévek adják személyiségük tőkesúlyát, alaprétegét. A szerzők szerint Medve az 1956-os forradalom élményének hatására írja át kézirata és iskolai élete bizonyos eseményeit, értékeléseit. Talán 56 után nem gondolja már, hogy az emberi társadalom finom szabályainak sakktábláját nem szabad fölborítani. A valóság megváltoztathatatlanságát már nem fogadja el sztoikus módon. A dolgozat szövegrészek elemzésével, felidézésével igyekszik a Jakus–Hévizi-féle értelmezés alátámasztására.
ASSOCIAÇÃO ENTRE A INCIDÊNCIA DO LEVANTAMENTO DE ÍNDICE RÁPIDO DE AEDES AEGYPTI (LIRAA) E AS CONDIÇÕES CLIMÁTICAS EM UBERLÂNDIA, MINAS GERAIS, BRASIL, ENTRE 2014 A 2016
Authors: Rodrigues Elisângela de Azevedo Silva , Lima Samuel do Carmo
Published: February 2020

O presente trabalho foi desenvolvido com o objetivo de correlacionar os dados do Levantamento de Índice Rápido para Aedes aegypti (LIRAa) com as condições climáticas, no período de 2014 a 2016, no município de Uberlândia, Minas Gerais. A pesquisa foi realizada por meio do levantamento de dados do LIRAa, através do banco de dados da Secretaria Municipal de Saúde (SMS) e do Laboratório de Clima e Recursos Hídricos (LCRH) da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU). Foram ainda realizados testes estatísticos, utilizou-se o programa Bioestat 5.0. A regressão Linear Múltipla foi utilizada para analisar a variação dos dados meteorológicos: temperatura, precipitação pluviométrica, umidade relativa do ar em relação aos LIRAa’s de 2014 a 2016.Os resultados foram considerados insignificantes, tendo por parâmetro a probabilidade (p) do erro foi inferior a 5% (p < 0,05).
GROUND STRENGTHENING METHOD BY MULTISTAGE LOCAL CONSOLIDATION
Authors: Matsunaga Ryunosuke , Yamamoto Haruyuki
Published: February 2020

Authors are investigating a ground strengthening method, which effectively consolidates the construction area of requisite minimum in a short time by local consolidation for the soft ground. In this paper, Authors research that the effect of increasing the strength of soft ground by using the three-dimensional elasto-plastic finite element analysis when the area of local loading is gradually changed. First, it was found that the strength of the soft ground just below the local loading surface increased with a short time by the local consolidation and ultimate bearing capacity increases to 2.6 times as much as the initial bearing capacity by the multistage loading. Next, analysis was carried out in the case of the multistage loading with cyclic loading. In the reloading process, loading area is reduced to 1/3 and 1/6 of the loading area of the previous stage. In this case, the ultimate bearing capacity increases to 8.25 times as much as the initial bearing capacity. In conclusion, it was found that the strength of the soft ground just under the loading surface is considerably increased by multistage local loading with reducing the loading area.
HYSTERESIS CHARATERISTICS OF SQUARE CFT COLUMNS SUBJECTED TO AXIAL FORCE AND BENDING MOMENT
Authors: Jyouzaki Kouta , Kido Masae
Published: February 2020

Hysteresis characteristics of concrete filled steel tubular columns have been proposed. However, it has not been clarified if the skeleton curve could be applied for slender columns, and there are few studies about the unloading stiffness of the hysteresis loop. The purpose of this study is to compare the skeleton curves of square CFT columns, which have been proposed by the moment-rotation angle relationships and the experimental data by the previous research. The relationship between the initial stiffness obtained by the theoretical calculation and the unloading stiffness obtained by the experimental study are shown. Also the effects of the axial force ratio and the width-thickness ratio on the above mentioned relationships are discussed. The loading condition of the experimental study is monotonic and cyclic loading. It is found that the skeleton curve evaluates conservatively the bending moment-rotation angle relationships obtained by the test in both loading conditions, except for the widththickness ratio 43 specimen with cyclic loading. The ratio of unloading stiffness exKr obtained from the experimental data and calculated theoretical stiffness K was shown. The effect of the axial force ratio on the exKr/K was observed when the rotation chord angle was more than 1% and the width-thickness ratio increased as exKr/K decreased.
PREQUALIFICATION METHOD STATEMENT IN CONSTRUCTION PROCUREMENT
Authors: Bossi Benedetta , Minotti Natale Massimo
Published: February 2020

The current competitive environment within the construction sector is increasingly difficult and challenging, leading all the main players to increase their focus and efforts upon procurement strategies and policies. Therefore, procurement practice is important in order to effectively perform and close out the construction process and meet stakeholders' needs. Starting from a deep analysis of procurement processes framed within the project life cycle, the research proposed the prequalification phase as a selection strategy necessary to identify the contractor. In order to select the project delivery system most suitable to the customer and the project to be developed, an operating procedure has been proposed, allowing who deals with procurement better ruling the purchasing processes. In the proposed procedure, each activity is defined through a general overview, the execution process and its tools. The outputs of the study are also sample documents and model forms that can be easily utilized assisting the procurement phase. Thus, since the procurement process has assumed increasing importance in the strategic planning of the construction industry, the aim of the research is to provide a prequalification method necessary to select the most suitable contractor before the tender, in order to reduce any risks during the entire construction process.
ATTRACTING AND IDENTIFYING HIGH PERFORMING PROJECT MANAGERS
Authors: Hurtado Kristen , Saseendran Anusree , Savicky John , Sullivan Kenneth
Published: February 2020

Construction project managers (PMs) are critical to the execution of successful construction projects, conducting and orchestrating the intricacies of dynamic and complex projects. A large state university was challenged with attracting and retaining PMs in their construction department during a period of rapid university growth and departmental re-organization. The university tried current models for selecting construction PM firms largely based on commodities-based procurement and/or low bid structures and was unsuccessful. A new model was developed that considered and analyzed both the capabilities and qualifications of the individual PMs. The importance of individuals being able to identify their unique capabilities, be accountable for their performance, and operate in a transparent environment are critical concepts within this model. The new model also created an environment of organizational transparency, requiring PMs to measure their performance and the performance of their projects. The model resulted in an overwhelming amount of high quality PMs seeking to join the university. The university initially sought a specific skills set for new PMs, but revised their criteria and future selection processes for hiring future PMs based on the results of this model. Analysis of the PM capabilities, qualifications, and performance are shared as well as lessons learned to refine the model. This model can also be used to identify high performing individuals in other positions or disciplines.
Mechanical, Morphological and Thermal Characterization of Compatibilized Poly(lactic acid)/Thermoplastic Starch Blends
Authors: Lendvai László , Brenn Dávid
Published: February 2020

A two-step compounding procedure was used to produce binary blends composed of poly(lactic acid) (PLA)  and thermoplastic starch (TPS) with varying component ratios. Subsequently, three different chemical connectors were introduced in order to enhance the interfacial adhesion between the PLA and the TPS. Maleic anhydride, blocked isocyanate, and chain extender were used as coupling agents. Mechanical, morphological and thermal properties of PLA/TPS blends were determined. It was revealed that the initial interfacial adhesion between the components is weak. Out of the three coupling agents introduced, the chain extender proved to be the most effective, however, the improvement achieved in the mechanical properties was still marginal. According to the thermogravimetric analysis thermal stability was not significantly affected by any of the coupling agents.
Ocena rozwoju mowy dzieci dwujęzycznych – znaczenie wczesnej diagnozy dla rozpoznania i terapii zaburzeń
Authors: Korendo Marta , Błasiak-Tytuła Marzena
Published: February 2020

The authors emphasize the importance of language diagnosis of children raised in bi- or multiculturalism in early identification of developmental disorders. In the diagnostic process, they distinguish between skills independent of culture and those culturally (environmentally) conditioned, like the language system. They discuss the causes of speech development delays from a neurobiological and social (environmental) perspective. The article also includes short case reports.
The use of gadgets and their relationship to poor sleep quality and social interaction on mid-adolescents: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Krisnana Ilya , Hariani Venni , Kurnia Iqlima Dwi , Arief Yuni Sufyanti
Published: February 2020

Background

Mid-adolescents dominate the number of gadget users in Indonesia. The use of gadgets to a high intensity can cause various problems such as poor sleep quality and decreased social interaction. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between the intensity of the use of gadgets and the quality of sleep and social interaction in adolescents.

Method

The research design used was a correlational research study with a cross-sectional approach. Through the calculation of the sample, the respondents were 250 adolescents who met the inclusion criteria, namely (1) adolescents aged 15–18 years and (2) teens who owned and used gadgets. The sampling method used simple random sampling by conducting a lottery system in each class. The independent variable was the intensity of using the gadget, while the dependent variable was the quality of sleep and social interaction. Data collection focused on the intensity of gadget use using questionnaires and it was analyzed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and the Social Interaction Anxiety Scale (SIAS). The data was analyzed using Spearman’s rank correlation with α = 0.05.

Results

The results showed that the intensity of gadget use was positively related to poor sleep quality in adolescents (p = <0.001; r = 0.555). The intensity of the use of gadgets was also related to social interaction with a negative direction. The higher the intensity of the use of gadgets, the lower the social interaction in adolescents (p = 0.001; r = –293).

Conclusion

The use of gadgets in the mid-adolescent years is related to sleep disorders as regards the latency and duration of sleep. Adolescents are more likely to engage in social interaction and communication through gadgets than face to face.
The Role of Information Experience on IT Professionals’ Twitter Use
Authors: Talip Bazilah A. , Narayan Bhuva , Watson Jason , Edwards Sylvia
Published: February 2020

Twitter acts as an information gateway as it provides a place where professionals network and share their knowledge. Twitter has increasingly influenced the way people use and share information. However, limited research demonstrates IT professionals’ information experience on Twitter impacts the way they use it for professional purposes. The study aimed to understand how such information experiences impact on the way IT professionals use Twitter for professional purposes. Eleven IT professionals were recruited for this study to understand the participants’ information experience through their own individual perspective, with the data analysed using constructive grounded theory. This study revealed that IT professionals’ information experience plays a vital role in creating professional networking and knowledge sharing in online spaces. These lived experiences influence the way IT professionals use Twitter for professional purposes. Thus, the findings of this study contribute to theoretical perspectives in the understanding of information experience perspectives within Twitter, along with a foundational understanding of the ways in which microblogging is used for professional purposes. The findings can help organisations understand and provide for this emerging channel of professional information sharing for its staff and stakeholders.
Peirce and Leibniz on Continuity and the Continuum
Authors: Anapolitanos D. A. , Christopoulou D.
Published: February 2020

This paper discusses some of C. S. Peirce’s insights about continuity in his attempt to grasp the concept of the mathematical continuum. After a discussion of his earlier notions which he called ‘Kanticity’ and ‘Aristotelicity’ we arrive at his later belief that a continuum is rather a system of potential points. In his mature views, Peirce grasps a continuum as “a whole range of possibilities” without points at all. In the sequel, we turn to take into account some of Leibniz’s attempts to deal with continuity and the continuum and we compare Peirce and Leibniz’s approaches detecting certain impressive similarities and differences.
Anthropometric and Body Composition Profile of Young Professional Soccer Players
Authors: Bernal-Orozco María F. , Posada-Falomir Margarita , Quiñónez-Gastélum Celia M. , Plascencia-Aguilera Luisa P. , Arana-Nuño Juan R. , Badillo-Camacho Nayeli , Márquez-Sandoval Fabiola , Holway Francis E. , Vizmanos-Lamotte Barbara
Published: February 2020

Bernal-Orozco, MF, Posada-Falomir, M, Quiñónez-Gastélum, CM, Plascencia-Aguilera, LP, Arana-Nuño, JR, Badillo-Camacho, N, Márquez-Sandoval, F, Holway, FE, and Vizmanos-Lamotte, B. Anthropometric and body composition profile of young professional soccer players. J Strength Cond Res 34(7): 1911–1923, 2020—The purpose was to describe the anthropometric and body composition profile of young professional soccer players and to compare the players profiles between different competitive divisions and playing positions. A retrospective cross-sectional study was carried out with anthropometric data obtained from the records of soccer players of Club Deportivo Guadalajara, S.A. de C.V. (Mexico) in the under-17, under-20, second, third, and fourth division categories. Body mass, height, sitting-height, skinfolds, girths, and bone breadths were measured by certified anthropometrists from September 2011 to March 2015, following the procedures recommended by the International Society for the Advancement of Kinanthropometry. Body composition was determined using the 5-way fractionation method. Comparisons between playing positions in each division and between divisions were performed using analysis of variance, and Bonferroni's post-hoc analyses (SPSS version 22 for Windows, p < 0.05 considered as significant). Data from 755 subjects were analyzed. The mean age was 18.1 ± 1.7 years old (minimum 14.8, maximum 23.2). The under-20 division registered higher anthropometric and body composition values than all other competitive divisions. In addition, goalkeepers were taller, heavier, and obtained the highest values for adipose mass, whereas forwards presented higher percentages of muscle mass. These tables can be used during nutritional assessment and nutritional monitoring of players to establish body composition goals. In addition, the strength and conditioning practitioner may also use these data to design effective and specific training programs most suitable to the anthropometric and body composition profile of each player, taking into consideration his competitive division and playing position.
Can Directed Compliant Running Reduce the Magnitude of Variables Associated With the Development of Running Injuries?
Authors: Ó Catháin Ciarán P. , Richter Chris , Moran Kieran
Published: February 2020

Ó Catháin, CP, Richter, C, and Moran, K. Can directed compliant running reduce the magnitude of variables associated with the development of running injuries? J Strength Cond Res 36(3): 772–780, 2022—Running is one of the most popular modes of activity worldwide and provides numerous health benefits. However, impact forces associated with the foot contacting the ground have been implicated in the development of running related injuries. As such, previous studies have used various methods to alter running to reduce the magnitude of these impact forces. However, it is unclear what kinematic changes facilitate this reduced loading or how loading further up the body changes. In this study, verbal direction was used to teach subjects to run with a more compliant running technique. Kinetic and kinematics characteristics of each subjects “normal” running technique and new “compliant technique” were measured in a fatigued and unfatigued state. Energy expenditure of each running style was also measured. Verbally directed compliant running significantly decreased (17%) vertical ground reaction force impact peaks, sacral (41%) and head (28%) impact accelerations, and increased energy expenditure (21%), in comparison with normal running. Findings suggest that verbally directed compliant running may reduce the magnitude of variables associated with the development of running injuries.
Autoregulation in Resistance Training: A Comparison of Subjective Versus Objective Methods
Authors: Shattock Kevin , Tee Jason C.
Published: February 2020

Shattock, K and Tee, JC. Autoregulation in resistance training: A comparison of subjective versus objective methods. J Strength Cond Res 36(3): 641–648, 2022—Autoregulation (AR) is a resistance training periodization approach that adjusts training prescription in response to individual rates of athlete adaptation. AR training prescription can make use of either subjective (rating of perceived exertion [RPE]) or objective (barbell velocity) intensity descriptors. The aim of this research was to compare the efficacy of these 2 approaches in improving sport-specific physical performance measures. Using a randomized crossover design, 20 amateur rugby union players completed two 6-week blocks of training with training intensity prescribed using either objective velocity-based (VB) (measured using a wearable accelerometer device) or objective RPE-based intensity prescriptions. Training volume was matched for both groups while training intensity was equivalent but prescribed using either VB or RPE measures. Performance measurements were countermovement jump (CMJ), 1 repetition maximum back squat and bench press, and 10-, 20-, and 40-m sprint. Testing was conducted before and immediately after each training block. The likelihood that observed changes in performance measures were meaningful was assessed using magnitude-based decisions. Both training programs induced practically meaningful improvements in CMJ (VB most likely +8.2, ±1.1%; RPE likely +3.8, ±0.9%), back squat (VB most likely +7.5, ±1.5%; RPE possibly +3.5, ±1.8%), and bench press (VB most likely +7.7, ±2.1%; RPE possibly +3.8, ±0.9%). Changes in sprint test performance were very likely trivial for both programs. Objective AR programming resulted in larger improvements in CMJ (likely 4.2, ±1.2%), squat (likely 3.7, ±1.5%) performance, and bench press (possibly 3.7, ±1.5%) performance. Autoregulation periodization improved strength and CMJ, but not sprint performance. Autoregulation effects are augmented through the use of objective intensity prescription.
Individual Adaptation Kinetics Following Heavy Resisted Sprint Training
Authors: Morin Jean-Benoit , Capelo-Ramirez Fernando , Rodriguez-Pérez Manuel A. , Cross Matt R. , Jimenez-Reyes Pedro
Published: February 2020

Morin, JB, Capelo-Ramirez, F, Rodriguez-Pérez, MA, Cross, MR, and Jimenez-Reyes, P. Individual adaptation kinetics following heavy resisted sprint training. J Strength Cond Res 36(4): 1158–1161, 2022—The aim of this study was to test individual adaptation kinetics to a high-resistance sprint training program designed to improve maximal horizontal power (Pmax), and compare the group and individual results of a classical “pre-post” analysis, and a “pre-peak” approach. Thirteen male and 9 female trained sprinters had their 30-m sprint performance and mechanical outputs assessed 1 week before (PRE), and one (POST, W1), 2 (W2), 3 (W3) and 4 (W4) weeks after a 10-week training block (10 repetitions of 20-m resisted sprints at the load associated to the apex of their velocity-power relationship: i.e., 90 ± 10% body mass on average (range: 75–112%). We observed clearly different outcomes on all variables for the PRE-POST vs. PRE-PEAK analyses. The PRE-PEAK analysis showed a larger (almost double) increase in Pmax (9.98 ± 5.27% on average, p < 0.01) than the PRE-POST (5.39 ± 5.87%, p < 0.01). Individual kinetics of post-training adaptations show that peak values were not captured in the POST (W1) assessment (generally observed at W3 and W4). Finally, the week of greatest Pmax output differed strongly among subjects, with most subjects (7/22) peaking at W4. In conclusion, after a 10-week high-resistance sprint training block, a classical 1-week-PRE to 1-week-POST assessment could not capture peak adaptation, which differed among athletes. Adopting a similar approach in practice or research should improve insight into the true effects of training stimuli on athletic capabilities.
Dynamique régressive de la formation forestière de Yamba Berté au Tchad : le crépuscule d’une forêt classée
Authors: Réounodji Frédéric , Djangrang Man-Na , Tob-Ro N'dilbe , Sougnabé Pabamé
Published: February 2020

Le maintien et le développement des formations forestières dépendent du degré d’anthropisationet des conditions du milieu. Le Tchad dispose d’importantes formations forestières parsemées dans sapartie sud. Certaines d’entre elles, notamment celle de Yamba Berté, au nord-ouest de la ville de Kélo, ontsubi, au cours des dernières décennies, une dynamique régressive préjudiciable à l’équilibre écologique. Cetteétude analyse l’évolution de l’occupation du sol et des peuplements ligneux en relation avec les usages etpratiques agropastoraux dans la formation forestière classée de Yamba Berté et autour d’elle. La méthodologiecombine une approche analytique des images satellites couvrant la zone d’étude et des enquêtes deterrain sur la perception de la dynamique par les populations. Cette démarche répond au souci de mettre enplace un outil diagnostique qui s’appuie sur les données spatiales et sur les perceptions des populationslocales pour étudier la dynamique des formations forestières dans une perspective de gestion durable desressources naturelles en zone de savane. Les premiers résultats montrent que la perception des populationsest en conformité avec les caractéristiques et tendances évolutives observées.
Mapping of Sensory Nerve Subsets within the Vagal Ganglia and the Brainstem Using Reporter Mice for Pirt, TRPV1, 5-HT3, and Tac1 Expression
Authors: Kim Seol-Hee , Hadley Stephen H. , Maddison Mikayla , Patil Mayur , Cha Byeong , Kollarik Marian , Taylor-Clark Thomas E.
Published: February 2020

Vagal afferent sensory nerves, originating in jugular and nodose ganglia, are composed of functionally distinct subsets whose activation evokes distinct thoracic and abdominal reflex responses. We used Cre-expressing mouse strains to identify specific vagal afferent populations and map their central projections within the brainstem. We show that Pirt is expressed in virtually all vagal afferents; whereas, 5-HT3 is expressed only in nodose neurons, with little expression in jugular neurons. Transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1), the capsaicin receptor, is expressed in a subset of small nodose and jugular neurons. Tac1, the gene for tachykinins, is expressed predominantly in jugular neurons, some of which also express TRPV1. Vagal fibers project centrally to the nucleus tractus solitarius (nTS), paratrigeminal complex, area postrema, and to a limited extent the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus. nTS subnuclei preferentially receive projections by specific afferent subsets, with TRPV1+fibers terminating in medial and dorsal regions predominantly caudal of obex, whereas TRPV1−fibers terminate in ventral and lateral regions throughout the rostral–caudal aspect of the medulla. Many vagal Tac1+afferents (mostly derived from the jugular ganglion) terminate in the nTS. The paratrigeminal complex was the target of multiple vagal afferent subsets. Importantly, lung-specific TRPV1+and Tac1+afferent terminations were restricted to the caudal medial nTS, with no innervation of other medulla regions. In summary, this study identifies the specific medulla regions innervated by vagal afferent subsets. The distinct terminations provide a neuroanatomic substrate for the diverse range of reflexes initiated by vagal afferent activation.
Contrast Normalization Accounts for Binocular Interactions in Human Striate and Extra-striate Visual Cortex
Authors: Hou Chuan , Nicholas Spero C. , Verghese Preeti
Published: February 2020

During binocular viewing, visual inputs from the two eyes interact at the level of visual cortex. Here we studied binocular interactions in human visual cortex, including both sexes, using source-imaged steady-state visual evoked potentials over a wide range of relative contrast between two eyes. The ROIs included areas V1, V3a, hV4, hMT+, and lateral occipital cortex. Dichoptic parallel grating stimuli in each eye modulated at distinct temporal frequencies allowed us to quantify spectral components associated with the individual stimuli from monocular inputs (self-terms) and responses due to interaction between the inputs from the two eyes (intermodulation [IM] terms). Data with self-terms revealed an interocular suppression effect, in which the responses to the stimulus in one eye were reduced when a stimulus was presented simultaneously to the other eye. The suppression magnitude varied depending on visual area, and the relative contrast between the two eyes. Suppression was strongest in V1 and V3a (50% reduction) and was least in lateral occipital cortex (20% reduction). Data with IM terms revealed another form of binocular interaction, compared with self-terms. IM response was strongest at V1 and was least in hV4. Fits of a family of divisive gain control models to both self- and IM-term responses within each cortical area indicated that both forms of binocular interaction shared a common gain control nonlinearity. However, our model fits revealed different patterns of binocular interaction along the cortical hierarchy, particularly in terms of excitatory and suppressive contributions.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTUsing source-imaged steady-state visual evoked potentials and frequency-domain analysis of dichoptic stimuli, we measured two forms of binocular interactions: one is associated with the individual stimuli that represent interocular suppression from each eye, and the other is a direct measure of interocular interaction between inputs from the two eyes. We demonstrated that both forms of binocular interactions share a common gain control mechanism in striate and extra-striate cortex. Furthermore, our model fits revealed different patterns of binocular interaction along the visual cortical hierarchy, particularly in terms of excitatory and suppressive contributions.