bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Genetic parameters for some growth traits of Nigerian local chickens
Authors: Udeh Ifeanyichukwu
Published: April 2017

Genetic parameters were estimated for bodyweight (BWT), shank length (SHL),
and wing length (WL) of Nigerian local chicken (NLC) from 4 to 20 weeks of
age by fitting dyadic mixed model (dmm) equations which yield estimates of
variance components equivalent to minimum norm quadratic unbiased estimator
(MINQUE). Data obtained from 600 chicks, progenies of 300 hens and 30 cocks
were used for the analysis. The heritability estimates range from 0.08 to
0.80 for BWT, 0.03 to 0.69 for SHL and 0.22 to 0.47 for WL. The genetic
correlations among BWT, SHL and WL at different ages were high and positive
and range from 0.18 to 0.96 with the exemption of SHL and WL at 16 weeks (-
0.06). The phenotypic correlations were positive and range from 0.10 to 0.91.
The results imply that NLC could be improved on any of the studied traits
through mass selection and that improvement in one trait will result to
correlated improvement in the others.
Influence of the age of the first insemination on some reproductive indexes in sows
Authors: Zapryanova Ivelina
Published: April 2017

The aim of the study was to establish the influence of the month and the year
of birth of gilts from the hybrid combination ?Y? ((Tai Zumu x Landrace) x
Large White), as well as of the age of the first insemination on the age of
the first mating, the first farrowing, the duration of pregnancy, and the
total number of born piglets. The experimental animals were divided into
three groups depending on the age of the first insemination (by the 249th day
(n=71), from the 250th to the 271st (n=42), and after the 272nd one (n=20).
The average age of the first insemination and the first mating was
respectively 258.8?0.78 and 276.71?3.54 days, on average. The age of the
first farrowing was 391.56?3.54 on average, and the duration of pregnancy -
115.03?0.2 days. The total number of born piglets in a litter was 11.87?0.32
pigs on average. The age of the first insemination has a reliable influence
on the age of the first mating and the first farrowing (p<0.001), as well as
on the number of born piglets (p<0.05). The month (p<0.001) and the year of
birth of the gilt pigs (p<0.05) have reliable influence on the age of the
first insemination.
Effects of lactobacillus plantarum inoculants on maize silage quality
Authors: Djordjevic Snezana , Mandic Violeta , Stanojevic Dragana , Ljeskovic Jovanovic
Published: April 2017

In the winter time in Serbia, maize silage is the main ruminant feed.
Therefore, managing maize silage is an important contributor to maintain the
silage quality for livestock feed. In the study were evaluated the chemical
composition, energetic and fermentation characteristics in whole-crop maize
silage inoculated with different bacterial inoculants under field conditions
in the commercial dairy farm, during the 2015. Three treatments were tested:
negative control (untreated silage), a positive control (competitor
inoculant) and Silko treatment (contains a mixture of 4 strains of
Lactobacillus plantarum (LP1, LP2, LP3 and LP4). Maize is ensiled in the
milk-wax grain maturity. After 90 days of ensiling, the maize silages were
analyzed. The application of bacterial inoculants improved the chemical
composition and energetic characteristics of silage. The inoculant Silko was
more effective at improving the fermentation characteristics than competitor
inoculant. Ash, cellulose, soluble N/TN, NH3-N/TN, ADF, NDF, acetic acid and
pH were significantly lower in Silko treatment than positive control. There
were no differences in crude fat, crude protein, ME, NEL, lactic acid and
butyric acid between the treated silages. Generally, the new product
bacterial inoculant Silko proved in field trials its ability to support the
ensiling process in maize. The main action of the bacterial inoculant Silko
is performed in two ways: the reduced degradation of protein in silage and
the improvement of the aerobic stability due to the lower pH, higher content
of acetic acid than negative control.
Evaluation of durum wheat genotypes based on drought tolerance indices under different levels of drought stress
Authors: Mohammadi Reza , Abdulahi Abdolvahab
Published: April 2017

Objectives of this study were to assess durum wheat genotypes for drought
tolerance and to study relationships among different drought tolerance
indices under different drought stress conditions. The total of twenty-two
durum wheat lines was evaluated in a RCBD experiment with three replications
for three cropping seasons (2008-2009; 2009-2010 and 2010-2011). Different
drought indices such as tolerance (TOL), mean productivity (MP), mean
relative performance (MRP), stress susceptibility index (SSI), modified
severity stress index (SSSI), geometric mean productivity (GMP), stress
tolerance index (STI), yield stability index (YSI), relative efficiency index
(REI) and drought response index (DRI) were determined based on yields under
drought and non-drought conditions. The studied genotypes showed considerable
variation in performance and tolerated various drought conditions that could
be exploited in the durum wheat breeding program. The screening of genotypes
for drought tolerance in environments with a greater value of stress
intensity (SI) will be more efficient in the grouping of indices and genotype
selection. The indices were classified into groups (G1 and G2). The group G1,
which consisted of the indices REI, STI, MRP, GMP, DRI and YSI, distinguished
genotypes with higher yield in different levels of drought stress. The durum
breeding line nos. 1, 11, 10, 13, 8, 9, and 12 were superior based on the
group G1 and could be regarded for further evaluation in drought-prone
environments.
Analysis of amount and structure of investments into the sheep and goat farms in the European Union and the Republic of Serbia
Authors: Nastic Lana , Ivanovic Sanjin , Radivojevic Dusan
Published: April 2017

Sheep and goat production is different from other types of livestock
production (cattle, pig, poultry production) because it is most commonly
extensive, which means that it demands a relatively low level of investments
into buildings, equipment and other fixed assets. This paper aims to analyse
characteristics of investments into the sheep and goat production in the
European Union and compare them to the similar investments in the Republic of
Serbia. In order to analyse the state in the EU, data from the appropriate
FADN data base were used, as well as the sector analyses conducted for the
area of the EU. On the other hand, in order to analyse necessary investments
into sheep and goat production in Serbia, available technical and
technological data and appropriate literary sources were used. Analysis of
construction costs for buildings used in sheep and goat production was done,
as well as the calculation of investments into appropriate necessary
equipment. It has been noticed that there is a need for enlargement of the
sheep and goat farms in Serbia in order to provide a proper living standard
for holders of such enterprises.
Profile of social entrepreneur in Serbia: Motivation and socio-demographic characteristics
Authors: Krstic Gorana , Aleksic-Miric Ana , Zarkovic-Rakic Jelena
Published: April 2017

This paper explores the traits of social entrepreneurship in Serbia by
addressing the role of motivation, education, personal experience, gender and
age in developing social enterprises. The research done so far has not
directly addressed the issue of characteristics of individuals who bring
social innovation in Serbia and in that manner our research contributes to
the existing body of knowledge. The data for this study were drawn from field
research that started in June 2014, combining qualitative and quantitative
research techniques. Our research suggests that social entrepreneurs in
Serbia usually enter this venture without previous experience in founding a
social enterprise or managing one. Education plays an important role in
motivation to work for or establish a social enterprise: founders are by
large people with higher education interested in continuous education and
often engaged in some vocational education or training. Disparities in
motivation to work in (or establish) a social enterprise are prominently
different depending on the respondents? ages younger respondents are
motivated primarily to address a specific social problem, while the older
ones are motivated mainly to create a personal employment opportunity.
Identification of RUNX1 as a Mediator of Aberrant Retinal Angiogenesis
Authors: Lam Jonathan D. , Oh Daniel J. , Wong Lindsay L. , Amarnani Dhanesh , Park-Windhol Cindy , Sanchez Angie V. , Cardona-Velez Jonathan , McGuone Declan , Stemmer-Rachamimov Anat O. , Eliott Dean , Bielenberg Diane R. , van Zyl Tave , Shen Lishuang , Gai Xiaowu , D’Amore Patricia A. , Kim Leo A. , Arboleda-Velasquez Joseph F.
Published: April 2017

Proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) is a common cause of blindness in the developed world’s working adult population and affects those with type 1 and type 2 diabetes. We identified Runt-related transcription factor 1 (RUNX1) as a gene upregulated in CD31+ vascular endothelial cells obtained from human PDR fibrovascular membranes (FVMs) via transcriptomic analysis. In vitro studies using human retinal microvascular endothelial cells (HRMECs) showed increased RUNX1 RNA and protein expression in response to high glucose, whereas RUNX1 inhibition reduced HRMEC migration, proliferation, and tube formation. Immunohistochemical staining for RUNX1 showed reactivity in vessels of patient-derived FVMs and angiogenic tufts in the retina of mice with oxygen-induced retinopathy, suggesting that RUNX1 upregulation is a hallmark of aberrant retinal angiogenesis. Inhibition of RUNX1 activity with the Ro5–3335 small molecule resulted in a significant reduction of neovascular tufts in oxygen-induced retinopathy, supporting the feasibility of targeting RUNX1 in aberrant retinal angiogenesis.
Sudden Death in the Septo-Optic Dysplasia Spectrum
Authors: Bonasoni Maria P. , Reyes Jeanette , Cromwell Susan , Halliday William , Taylor Glenn P. , Chiasson David A.
Published: April 2017

Septo-optic dysplasia (SOD) is a rare entity in which a variable spectrum of brain abnormalities, classically involving midline structures septum pellucidum (SP) and/or corpus callosum (CC) are associated with optic nerve hypoplasia (ONH) and hypothalamic-pituitary dysfunction. Sudden unexpected death (SUD) in the setting of SOD is recognized but there is a paucity of postmortem studies of this patient population. A retrospective clinicopathological analysis of seven autopsy cases of pediatric patients (ages: ten weeks to 17 years) with SOD was performed. Six patients were found vital signs absent at home. The seventh child was admitted to the hospital in shock, and died after being maintained on life support for 16 days. At autopsy, in all cases there were central nervous system (CNS) abnormalities and stigmata of panhypopituitarism (PHP), confirming the underlying diagnosis of SOD. Infectious or other acute pathological processes to account for sudden death were not identified. Forensic pathologists need to be aware of SOD because it predisposes to SUD and an appreciation of the underlying neuroendocrine complexities of the disorder is required for proper death certification.
Fat Embolism and Severe Natural Disease: Challenges for Certification
Authors: Armstrong-Briley Danielle , Guileyardo Joseph
Published: April 2017

Detectable intravascular fat has been reported in up to 90% of patients with long bone fractures. However, the more clinically significant fat embolism syndrome (FES) is less common. Despite its common occurrence, determining the significance of fat embolism as a cause of death remains controversial; however, helpful objective criteria through a tiered approach have recently been proposed. Patients with coexisting natural disease and fat embolism present an additional challenge for interpretation. We present an illustrative 59-year-old woman with severe comorbidities who died 11 days following a femoral neck fracture and discuss how the use of special techniques to demonstrate embolic fat and published guidelines for diagnosis were helpful in death certification. The case also provides a beautiful morphologic illustration of the accumulation of lipid laden alveolar macrophages as intravascular fat is absorbed into the tissues over time. Such macrophages can also be clinically detected by bronchoalveolar lavage, which can provide some objective support for a clinically suspected diagnosis of fat embolism.
A Synoptic Review of the 1932 National Research Council Bulletin, “Possibilities and Need for Development of Legal Medicine in the United States”
Authors: Hanzlick Randy L.
Published: April 2017

In 1932, the National Research Council (NRC) published a Bulletin titled “Possibilities and Need for Development of Legal Medicine in the United States.” This article is a synopsis of the major points made in the 1932 Bulletin. The 135-page Bulletin was prepared for the National Research Council Committee on Medicolegal Problems by Oscar T Schultz MD, who was the Director of Laboratories at St. Francis Hospital in Evanston, Illinois. Chapters cover “Medical Science and the Law,” the “Need for the Organization of Institutes of Legal Medicine in the United States,” “Suggested Organization of an Institute of Legal Medicine,” “The State University and Legal Medicine,” “The Present and Future Development of Legal Medicine in the United States,” “Science and the Prevention of Crime,” “The Outlook for the Future,” a “Summary,” and three ancillary chapters. It was envisioned that institutes of legal medicine could parallel those in Europe and would be university affiliated, active and not theoretical, produce publications, and have renowned leaders and laboratory services such as bacteriology, immunology, chemistry, toxicology, and microscopy. They would also provide services on living people who were injured, and would do psychiatric assessments and evaluate witnesses and suspects. In short, the institutes would have services that met the needs of the criminal justice system. Eighty-two years following publication of the 1932 Bulletin, the institutes of legal medicine envisioned in the Bulletin have not come to fruition. Several institutes emerged since 1932 but have failed or are no longer formal institutes with multidisciplinary participants.
A Synoptic Review of the 1954 “Model Postmortem Examinations Act”
Authors: Hanzlick Randy L.
Published: April 2017

In 1954, the Uniform Law Commissioners (formerly the National Conference of Commissioners of Uniform State Laws) published a “Model Postmortem Examinations Act” (the Act). This article is a brief summary of the contents of that publication. The Prefatory Note states that the purpose of the Act is to “provide a means whereby greater competence can be assured in determining cases of death where criminal liability may be involved.” The basic idea is that each state could have a Medical Examiner Commission to oversee a state Office of Postmortem Examinations and a Chief Medical Examiner for the state. This concept is one that some Chief Medical Examiners and states may favor, while other Chief Medical Examiners and states may not. In fact, it appears the latter may be the case because as of 2014, there are only 13 states which have such a commission, if not in practice, in state statute. In the sixty years since the Act, only about half of states have a state medical examiner. Thus, neither concept of state medical examiners and commissions has evolved to the level that may have been expected in 1954 when the Act was published. The National Association of Medical Examiners has attempted to spark interest in writing a new model death investigation act, but has not been successful in getting that accomplished. Neither the Uniform Law Commission, the American Medical Association, nor the American Bar Association has taken an active lead in developing a new and modernized Act.
Overview of the Organization of Scientific Area Committees
Authors: Davis Gregory G. , Baker Andrew M.
Published: April 2017

The National Institute of Standards and Technologies (NIST) has transformed the majority of the Scientific Working Groups (SWGs) into the Organization of Scientific Area Committees (OSAC). The OSAC has been created to foster the development of standards and guidelines for the practice of documenting evidence by methods that are technically sound and accepted by the consensus of forensic practitioners. The OSAC is composed of 33 committees arranged in a hierarchy. Potential standards begin in a Subcommittee and must work their way through approval by the Subcommittee, the Subcommittee's parent Scientific Area Committee (SAC), and finally the Forensic Science Standards Board (FSSB) before being adopted into the FSSB Registry of Approved Standards. NIST hopes to find existing standards with technical merit that were developed through a standards development process for adoption as national standards of practice. The OSAC provides forensic scientists the unprecedented opportunity of validating their own scientific practices within the framework of sound scientific practice.
Manner Determination in Forensic Pathology
Authors: Oliver William R.
Published: April 2017

A traditional function of forensic pathologists in the United States is the determination of cause and manner of death. The formal certification of manner of death is an American innovation of the early 20th century. Many countries do not follow this tradition. While originally established for vital statistics and public health purposes, the use of manner has grown to include increased legal, social, and business functions. The expanded role of manner determination has led to controversy regarding its true function, who should do it, and if it should be done at all. Much of the controversy regarding manner determination is due to inherent ambiguities that arise primarily from the limited number of categories and fundamental epistemic issues. Much of the heterogeneity in manner determination is structural and not a matter of error. Other criticisms come from those who focus on the legal implications of manner determination. Some have claimed that the use of circumstantial information in manner determination constitutes cognitive bias. Others suggest that manner determination is not a medical issue at all. A response is that the integration of circumstances and history with physical examination and laboratory findings represents the classic paradigm of medical diagnosis, and reinforces rather than opposes recognition that this is the practice of medicine. Transferring the task of manner determination to another agency would do nothing to improve accuracy, timeliness, or function. Other candidates to perform this function would be successful only to the degree that they were trained and function as forensic pathologists.
An Investigative Tool for Detecting Elder Abuse
Authors: Isaac Carolyn V. , Cornelison Jered B. , deJong Joyce L.
Published: April 2017

Elder abuse is estimated to affect one in ten individuals 60 years of age and older and has been significantly associated with an increased risk of mortality. However, no clear data exist on the number of deaths that result from elder abuse or neglect. The potential contribution of abuse and neglect to the death of an elder is rarely investigated, as natural deaths are expected with advancing age. Elders are often reliant on others for care making them a vulnerable population. Although the deaths of other vulnerable populations, including children, are routinely investigated, no protocols for elder death investigation have been enacted. We propose the implementation of an investigative tool to assess the elder decedent and residence for indicators of abuse or neglect. Investigations may assist in differentiating self-neglect and caretaker neglect. Decedent observations include: evidence of injuries, personal hygiene, malnutrition and/or dehydration, decubitus ulcers, evidence of restraint, unexplained vaginal or anal bleeding, and previous reports with Adult Protective Services. To differentiate between self-neglect and caretaker neglect, an assessment of the level of dependence on others for activities of daily living and the level of involvement of the caretaker are determined. The decedent's living condition assessment includes evidence of forced isolation; lack of food, water or utilities; soiled clothing and/or bedding; filthy or unsafe living conditions; and inappropriate administration of medications. With proper training, medical examiners can easily implement these protocols. Such information is extremely valuable for determining whether further investigation and examination of the decedent is warranted.
Inadvertent Intrathecal Vincristine Administration with Widespread Axonal Injury Demonstrated by Amyloid Precursor Protein Immunohistochemistry
Authors: Kresak Jesse L. , Burt Martha J. , Rivera-Zengotita Marie , Yachnis Anthony T.
Published: April 2017

Vincristine is a Vinca alkaloid chemotherapeutic agent used to treat hematologic and some solid organ neoplasms. As a microtubule inhibitor, an unfortunate side effect of this drug is disruption of axonal transport. Thus, the drug is intended for intravenous use only. We report a 59-year-old man with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma who inadvertently received intrathecal vincristine. The patient experienced progressive neurologic decline despite attempts at cerebrospinal fluid lavage with fresh frozen plasma and died five days after the incident. Grossly, there was evidence of prior shunt placement, the brain was mildly swollen, and the white matter appeared congested. Histological study revealed pallor of the centrum semiovale, focal perivascular hemorrhages, and widespread axonal spheroids that were demonstrated by immunohistochemical study for amyloid precursor protein (APP). There was subependymal spongiosis and focal hydropic-like change of the ependyma. Proximal axon segments of anterior horn neurons showed many APP-reactive spheroids as they exited the spinal cord. Anterior spinal nerve roots also contained APP-positive swellings. No significant pathologic changes were identified in the gray matter. In particular, there was no Purkinje cell loss. No evidence of residual lymphoma was identified. This case illustrates diffuse axonal injury that was caused by toxic disruption of axonal transport and was clearly demonstrated by immunohistochemistry for APP. This case emphasizes the need for continued awareness of this preventable medical error.
CHANGE OF PHISIOLOGICAL ACTIVITI OF DAPHNIA MAGNA, STRAUS UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF DIFFERENT FACTIONS OF OIL PRODUCTS
Authors: Nasibulina Botagoz Murasovna , Kamakin Andrey Mikhailovich , Fyodorova Irina Vyacheslavovna , Fomicheva Galina Petrovna
Published: April 2017

Petroleum and its products are very dangerous pollutants for the aquatic environment. They damage many natural processes and relationships, change the habitat of aquatic organisms. Assessment of the degree of water pollution by hydrocarbons is complicated by the fact that each oil fraction has a different degree of impact on aquatic organisms. The article shows that in course of bioassay test on Daphnia magna, Straus lethal toxic concentration (LC50) of heavy oil fractions (0.025 mg/dm3) and waste oil products (0.05 mg/dm3) were determined at concentrations 10 times lower than LC50 diesel fraction (0.25 mg/dm3) and 100 times lower than the LC50 of light gasoline and kerosene fractions (from 2.000 mg/dm3). Limited harmless concentrations (BK10), dissolved and dispersed in water of heavy lube oil (0.012 mg/dm3) are 2 times lower than BK10 fraction of diesel fuel (0.025 mg/dm3) and 20 times lower than BK10 light petrol and kerosene petroleum fractions (0.250 mg/dm3). Analysis of the test results proved the need to assess hydrocarbon pollution not only in terms of oil concentration in an aqueous medium, but also in terms of the acute aquatic toxicity.
INFLUENCE OF FORCED CONVECTION IN LIQUID INSIDE THE TIN ON DURATION OF STERILIZATION IN THE COURSE OF FISH PROCESSING
Authors: Alexeev Gennadiy Valentinovich , Verboloz Elena Igorevna
Published: April 2017

The article focuses on the process of intensive mixing of liquid phase in the tin during high-temperature sterilization, i.e. sterilization when temperature of the heat carrier reaches 150-160°C. It has been stated that for intensification of the thermal process during sterilization of tinned fish with liquid filling it is preferable to turn a tin from bottom to top. This operation helps to increase the driving power of the process and to shorten warming time. Besides, high-temperature sterilization carried out according to experimental modes, where the number of tin turnovers is calculated, greatly shortens processing time and improves quality of the product. In this case there is no superheating, all tins are evenly heated. The study results will contribute to equipment modernization and to preserving valuable food qualities.
ANALYSIS OF FISH THERMAL PROCESSING USING AUTOMATICALLY CONTROLLED HEATING AND DEHYDRATION METHODS
Authors: Votinov Maksim Valer'evich , Ershov Mikhail Aleksandrovich , Maslov Aleksej Alekseevich
Published: April 2017

The article deals with the small-size drying plant built in Murmansk State Technical University and used to study advantages and disadvantages of traditional methods of fish thermal processing: convective and infrared. In the course of study the temperature values corresponded to those in technological processes of drying, curing and smoking fish (20-120°C). Poutassou carcasses were taken as raw material (specific surface - 0.2 m2/kg, average weight - 280 g). There are presented the processing parameters: starting weight and end weight, weight loss, processing length, average speed of dehydration, average power supply, energy costs at 30, 50, 80°C. At convective type of processing temperature of fish skin didn’t reach 50°С. Experiment lasted 6.5 hours, average speed of dehydration made 37.8 %/h, energy costs - 6.6 kWt∙h. During infrared type of processing the desired temperature was kept both on the fish skin and in the heat chamber during one hour, after which temperature in the chamber decreased due to fish warming-up and decreasing power supply to infrared lamps. Experiment lasted 5 hours, average speed of dehydration made 51 %/h, energy costs made 5.6 kWt∙h. The results obtained served as a basis for developing energy efficient combined method of thermal processing which has a two-circuit automatic control system: the first circuit controls temperature in the heat chamber and regulates power in pipe electric heater; the second circuit controls the temperature of the fish and regulates power of the infrared radiation. This method is characterized by higher speed of dehydration (51 %/h), less duration of the process (more than 4 hours) and lower energy costs (4.86 kWt.h). The higher temperature of raw material processing, the less energy intensive the combined method.
ANALYSIS OF ACCUMULATION AND DISTRIBUTION OF LEAD IN THE SYSTEM WATER-BOTTOM SEDIMENTS IN THE BACH DANG ESTUARY (VIETNAM)
Authors: Truong Van Tuan  , Volkova Irina Vladimirovna
Published: April 2017

Research was held in the estuary of the river Bach Dang (Dongbay community, Rakhtay district, Hai Phong, Vietnam) in June, 2012 - May, 2013. Concentration of lead was studied in water, suspended solids and bottom sediment. Clam beach (natural breeding environment of Meretrix lyrata ) was inspected regularly, every month. Water samples were taken 6 times from the bottom layer 10 cm down the bottom, once per 3 hours in each of 12 investigated zones. Bottom sediment samples were taken at the depth 2 cm. The findings show that lead accumulates mainly in suspended solids (23.3 mg/kg) and in bottom sediment (14.31 mg/kg), in water it is in small quantities (0.003 mg/kg). Analysis of bottom sediment samples taken in different places showed that they have even leadcontent, lead is distributed uniformly, localization of contaminations is not found. The results obtained can be assumed as the basis for investigating lead accumulation and its excretion by clam Meretrix lyrata organisms in the natural habitat.
PERSPECTIVE DEVELOPMENT OF WORLD PRODUCTION OF FEEDS FOR AQUACULTURE: ALTERNATIVE SOURCES OF RAW MATERIALS
Authors: Lagutkina Lina Yurievna
Published: April 2017

The author of the article discloses the prospects of development of the world feed production for aquaculture based on the analysis of key innovative technological and market trends. The author specifies that shortage, high cost, low ecological compatibility of traditional raw materials - fish flour - are among major limiting factors in the development of production of feeds for aquaculture. This fact, in turn, limits sustainable development of aquaculture both in Russia, and in the world in general. The article presents the overview of a current status of the world industry of feed production in aquaculture, where the regional situation is studied, as well. For the first time, there is given the outlook of innovative technologies in feed production based on the alternative sources of protein (on the example of projects of leading aquabiotechnological companies) which will determine industry’s objectives for the mid-term perspective.
CRITICAL FACTORS OF WATER CONTENT FOR FISH STOCKS IN THE WATER RESERVOIRS OF KAZAKHSTAN
Authors: Asylbekova Saule Zhangirovna , Isbekov Kuanysh Baibulatovich , Kulikov Evgeniy Vyacheslavovich
Published: April 2017

The hydrological regime of water reservoirs in different years has a decisive impact on the abundance of commercial fish stocks and the quality of ichthyocenoses. In this connection in 2015-2016 there was conducted a retrospective analysis and ranking of hydrological regime impact on these factors. The paper gives evaluation of catches and fish stocks under different scenarios of water availability in the main fishing ponds of the Republic of Kazakhstan that give about 80% of the annual fish catch of the country (except the Caspian Sea). There were analyzed 2000 factors of hydrological regime (water level, annual discharge) and 1845 factors of fishing stocks (catches, abundance, fish biomass). The paper determines the critical characteristics of water availability for fish stocks. There have been proposed a number of administrative decisions and actions in case if water content would approach to the critical level. Among them: limitation of fish catches in the following year; widening zones restricted for fishing; intensification of safety measures of the fish young in residual ponds during arid periods; introduction of catch standards for a unit of fishing effort in low-water years, high-water years and years with normal water level in rivers.
FEATURES OF FORMATION OF THE MAIN SYSTEMS AND ORGANS IN EARLY LARVAE OF MULLETS (LIZA AURATA, RISSO, 1810)
Authors: Gavrilova Dariya Aleksandrovna , Grushko Maria Pavlovna
Published: April 2017

The aim of this work was to study peculiarities of mullet morphological organization during early ontogeny. Sample selection was made on board Caspian research and development Institute of Fisheries’ research vessel in period from June to September, 2015 in Russian waters of the Caspian Sea. Larvae aged 10 days could be characterized by heterochrony in the development of major organ systems. Nervous system and sense organs were well developed. The eyeball had all membranes well-differentiated, in the retina all the layers were formed. The olfactory fossae had cells of 3 types: olfactory receptor cells, supporting cells and basal cells. There was observed intensive formation of respiratory, cardiovascular, excretory and digestive systems. The early development of the nervous system and sensory organs of the larvae indicated adaptation of mullet to active life.
THE ORETICAL BACKGROUND OF LEGAL APPROACH TO ACCOUNTING SANCTIONING OF BUDGETARY INSTITUTION EXPENDITURES
Authors: Solodova Svetlana Viktorovna , Dolidze Natalya Ivanovna
Published: April 2017

One of the essential aspects of sanctioning expenditures of an economic entity is the legal aspect. Relations between institutions and counterparties are based on mutual commitments dictated by the specific functions carried out by these entities. The commitments have traditionally been the object of accounting supervision. In this relation, there arises a question about the reasons to consider the sanctioning of expenditures. Practical questions of application of authorizing expenditures accounts are reflected in both scientific literature and training manuals since the beginning of budgetary reform in 2004-2006. At the same time, theoretical issues related to the economic value of the information contained on the authorization of economic entities expenditure accounts are sparse. In the course of study of authorizing expenditures accounts there come to the forefront legal aspects rather than economic ones. In terms of account 0 502 00 000 "Commitments" using legal approach to the formation of the category "Obligations" the authors determined the economic structure of authorizing expenditures accounts of business entities. Account 0 502 00 000 "Commitments" is heterogeneous. Analytical accounts included in this account are used in different modes. Debit and credit turnovers of any analytical account have an individual economic value. Economic importance of turnovers of analytical accounts of 0 502 00 000 "Commitments" reflects both tracking of assets and liabilities occurring in the company, and the variation of company rights to commit obligations. Maintenance of authorization expenditures accounts can be seen as implementation of a legal (law) approach to control company obligations in the accounting structure.
FACTORS OF EFFECTIVE STUDENT’S LIFE AND THEIR IMPACT ON HEALTH
Authors: Maksimov Vladislav Sergeevich , Lepikhina Tatiyana Leonidovna
Published: April 2017

The aim of the study is to analyze the factors that determine the vital functions of modern university students. Studied factors include lifestyle, genetics (human biology), the external environment (climatic conditions), the state of the health care industry. The influence of these factors on the health of students has been defined in the article. The conclusion is made, that the leading factor in determining the health of students, as well as in the general population, is the way of life. The results of the analysis of the students’ behavior, testifying disorderly and chaotic and haphazard organization of their life are given. The parameters of a healthy lifestyle and the results of the survey on priority of inherited parameters in the student's life are listed. The dominant parameter is the labour, on the second place there is the way of life, on the third - health. According to the research results, the authors come to the conclusion that health support on the high level is both the first priority of the state and the problem of culture and the value system of any person.
The SYSTEM OF ENVIRONMENTAL-ECONOMIC ACCOUNTING OF FISH STOCKS: IMPLEMENTATION PROBLEMS
Authors: Salakhova Elmira Kamilbekovna
Published: April 2017

In recent years, many developed countries of the world have been successfully learning and mastering the Basic scheme of the System of Environmental-Economic Accounting (SEEA) ecological-economic systems (EES). The need to overcome the backlog of Russia in the study and discussion of the provisions of SEEA is, according to experts, one of the main conditions of transition to sustainable development. The environmental situation in Russia is not as gloomy as in other countries, despite the decline of economic production in recent years and low population density on the vast territory. Analysis of indicators of the negative impact on the environment shows that increasing impact to the atmospheric air is made by the manufacturing and mining industries; more than half of contaminated wastewaters are discharged by electric power plants and gas and water distribution systems; huge losses occur in the process of water transportation in agriculture and forestry. A significant volume of water intake from natural water objects of Russia, discharge of polluted waste waters, along with other objective factors adversely affect the habitat of aquatic biological resources (especially fish) that are of great social and economic importance. There decreased volumes of production of live, fresh and chilled fish; production of canned fish has increased, as well as the amount of waste of fish and other water biological resources; increased production of fish meal and pellets, which in general can be characterized as unsustainable use of valuable natural resources. In terms of use of fish and other aquatic biological resources it is advisable to form EES in river basins or seas. The interaction of EES subsystems is carried out through direct and feedback correlations. For further implementation of the main provisions of the Concept of Russia’s transition to sustainable development (1993) it is necessary to establish new parameters of the long-term economic development, as modified by social and environmental costs.
Archivo del Poder Legislativo de Mendoza. Los Diarios de sesiones legislativas como fuente documental
Authors: Luis Natalia
Published: April 2017

En este trabajo se describen las características generales del Archivo del Poder Legislativo de Mendoza. Se alude al material disponible, a las posibilidades de acceso y al estado de conservación documental del mismo. Por otro lado, se hace referencia a la particularidad de los diarios de sesiones legislativas como fuente documental.
La sociedad porteña y sus conformaciones familiares. Fines del siglo XVIII y principios del XIX
Authors: Jaciuk Macarena Belén
Published: April 2017

Este trabajo pretende brindar ideas y algunos materiales, para elaborar una planificación completa de una clase destinada a estudiantes del tercer año (Escuela Secundaria). Respondiendo a los requisitos del Diseño Curricular se adopta la utilización de fuentes primarias del período tardo colonial del Río de la Plata, con el objetivo de impulsar una reflexión respecto de las formaciones familiares tanto en la Historia como en la actualidad. Se intenta con ello promover el reconocimiento y aceptación de las diversidades en una sociedad compleja.
Daniel Moyano (2015). Desde la empresa. Firmas familiares y estructura empresarial en la industria azucarera tucumana, 1895-1930, Buenos Aires: Prometeo libros.
Authors: Ochoa Mónica
Published: April 2017

Desde la empresa. Firmas familiares y estructura empresarial en la industria azucarera tucumana, 1895-1930 de Daniel Moyano.
Horacio Tarcus. El socialismo romántico en el Río de la Plata (1837-1852). Buenos Aires: Fondo de Cultura Económica, 2016, 382 páginas.
Authors: González Dombrecht Martín
Published: April 2017

El socialismo romántico en el Río de la Plata (1837-1852) de Horacio Tarcus
The Famous Poet in Harpur’s Poem
Authors: Nugroho Henriono
Published: April 2017

This research aims to discuss literary work through stylistic analysis based on sistemic functional linguistics and literature semiotic system. The research methods used are the librarian study, descriptive method and objective intrinsic approach. The research result shows that the semantic analysis has produced the automatized linguistic meaning and foregrounded linguistic meaning. Next, the first meaning produces the subject matter and the secong meaning produces the literary meaning. Later, the literary meaning produces theme. Finally, it is proved that the subject matter tells about harmony; the literary meaning is about Shelley’s fame; and, the theme is about a famous poet.

Abstrak:

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji karya sastra melalui analisis stilistika berdasarkan ilmu bahasa fungsional sistemik dan sistem semiotik karya sastra. Metode penelitian menggunakan studi pustaka, metode deskriptif, dan pendekatan intrinsik objektif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa analisis semantik menghasilkan makna bahasa latar belakang (the automatized linguistic meaning) dan makna bahasa latar depan (the foregrounded linguistic meaning). Makna pertama menghasilkan masalah utama (subject matter) dan makna kedua menghasilkan makna sastra (literary meaning). Makna sastra menghasilkan tema. Masalah utama berkisah tentang harmoni, makna sastra tentang ketenaran Shelley, dan tema tentang seorang penyair terkenal.

Kata kunci: makna bahasa latar belakang, makna bahasa latar depan, makna sastra, tema.
Karya Sastra Perempuan: Analisis Awal Tentang Perang Gender
Authors: Prakoso Teguh , Khasanah Venus
Published: April 2017

Tujuan artikel ini adalah menjelaskan perang gender yang tercermin dalam novel karya pengarang- pengarang perempuan Indonesia dari generasi Ayu Utami. Perang gender adalah “dendam abadi” pengarang-pengarang perempuan terhadap pengarang laki-laki yang, sampai sekarang, mengeksploitasi tubuh perempuan dengan besar-besaran dan memaksa mereka untuk membaca tubuhnya sendiri dari sudut pandang laki-laki. Melalui teks erotis sebagai bahasa ekspresi, pengarang perempuan mampu menulis tubuh mereka dengan sudut pandangnya sendiri.

Abstract:

This paper has the objective of explaining the gender struggle implied in the novels of Indonesian female authors of Ayu Utami generation. The gender struggle is female author’s “eternal enmity” towards male authors who, up till now, have greatly exploited woman’s body and force them to read their own body from the male point of view. Through erotic texts as the language of expression, female authors are able to write their body with their own point of view.

Keywords: gender struggle, female authors, Ayu Utami generation
Feminisme dalam Sastra Jawa Sebuah Gambaran Dinamika Sosial
Authors: Widati Sri
Published: April 2017

Artikel ini bertujuan membahas feminisme dalam sastra Jawa, salah satu sastra etnis di Indonesia yang masih eksis sampai saat ini. Sebelum kemunculan pengarang perempuan, perempuan dalam sastra Jawa ditulis oleh pengarang laki-laki sehingga mereka dideskripsikan sebagai makhluk tak berdaya dan setia pada pria, bukan sebagai sosok atau figur yang kuat. Baru tahun 1917-an, dengan munculnya pengarang perempuan muda dari Yogya dan Surabaya, persepsi feminisme dalam sastra Jawa berubah. Dalam karya-karyanya, mereka mendemonstrasikan solidaritas terhadap perempuan yang menjadi korban ketidaksetaraan gender. Saat ini, sastra Jawa feminis ditulis baik oleh pengarang perempuan maupun laki-laki. Pengarang perempuan menyuguhkan sebuah konsep feminisme yang mengarah pada kesetaraan gender, sementara pengarang laki- laki berusaha untuk membela perempuan tertindas dengan cara laki-laki

Abstract:

This article is aimed to discuss feminism in Javanese literature, one of the ethnical literatures in Indonesia which still exist up till now. Prior to the emergence of female authors, women in the Javanese literature had been written by male authors so that they had been described as being submissive and loyal to men instead of an image or figure of strong ones. Not until 1917s, by the emergence of young female authors from Yogya and Surabaya, did the perception of feminism in Javanese literature change. In the works, they have demonstrated solidarity to women who became the victims of gender inequality. At the present time, feminist Javanese literatures are written by either female or male author. Female authors present a feminism concept which leads to gender equality, whereas male authors make an effort to defend oppressed women by manly methods.

Keywords: feminist, Javanese literature, gender equality, female authors
Aktualisasi Etika Kepemimpinan Jawa dalam Asthabrata
Authors: Suratno Pardi
Published: April 2017

Nama Asthabrata sangat populer dalam kehidupan masyarakat Jawa karena sering muncul dalarn pagelaran wayang purwa. Ajaran Asthabrata mendapat apresiasi yang sangat luas oleh masyarakat Indonesia karena memuat ajaran kepemimpinan yang dapat dijadikan aspirasi bagi semua pihak yang sedang dan akan mengabdikan hidupnya bagi bangsa dan negara. Asthabrata merupakan kreativitas pujangga Jawa karena tidak dikcnal dalam Ramayana India (baru muncul dalam Ramayana Kakawin), Semua Asthabrata menampilkan figur pemimpin dalam sosok delapan dewa. Dalam perkernbangan lebih lanjut, budayawan Jawa memilih menampilkan figur pemimpin itu dalam sifat-sifat benda alam, yakni bumi, matahari, bulan, bintang, laut, angin, dan awan. Penampilan figur pernimpin dalam sifat benda-benda alam tersebut lebih netral sebagai pilihan cerdas pujangga Jawa.

Abstract:

The name of Asthabrata is very popular among Javanese live because of its frequent appearance in the wayang purwa performance. Asthabrata teachings have got a wide appreciation from Indonesian people because it carries leadership teachings which can be an aspiration to everyone who is dedicating and will dedicate their lives to their nation and country. Asthabrata is the creativity of the Javanese men of letters for not discovered in Indian's Ramayana (not until Ramayana Kakawin). All Asthabrata present a leader figure in the characters of eight gods. In further progress, Javanese culture vultures chose to present the leader figure in the characters of natural objects. namely earth, Sun, moon, star, ocean, wind, and cloud. The performance of a leader figure in the characters of the natural objects is more neutral as a smart choice of Javanese man of letters. "

Keywords: creativity, Asthabrata, leader
Lokasi Dan Kelompok Teater Indonesia 2001-2005 (Analisis Rubrik Teater Majalah Tempo)
Authors: Nurhadi Nurhadi
Published: April 2017

Artikel ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan kelompok-kelompok teater yang berkecimpung dalam pementasan teater di Indonesia dan peta lokasi pementasan sebagaimana diulas dalam majalah Tempo tahun 2001-2005. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan kelompok teater yang paling konsisten dalam mementaskan suatu naskah setiap tahunnya adalah Teater Koma. Kelompok teater berikutnya yang relatif banyak berkiprah dari tahun 2001-2005 berdasarkan artikel rubrik teater Tempo yaitu Teater Mandiri, Teater Garasi, dan Actors Unlimited Bandung. Kelompok teater pada jajaran berikutnya yang mementaskan lebih dari satu kali pada periode 2001-2005, yaitu Teater Gandrik, Bengkel Teater, dan Mainteater Jakarta. Lokasi pementasan teater selama 2001-2005 berdasarkan rubrik teater majalah Tempo sebagian besar berlangsung di berbagai gedung teater di Jakarta. Perbandingan jumlah lokasi pertunjukannya adalah sebagai berikut: Jakarta (50 pementasan), Yogyakarta (6 pementasan), Surakarta (2 pementasan) dan Bandung (1 pementasan).

Abstract:

This article aims to describe the theater groups being active in theater performances in Indonesia and the performance location map as reviewed in Tempo magazine in 2001-2005. The research result has shown that the most consistent theater group in performing a script each year is Teater Koma. The next group which have relatively many performances in 2001-2005 according to Tempo’s articles are Teater Mandiri, Teater Garasi, and Actors Unlimited Bandung. The next level groups which have more than one performance in 2001-2005 are Teater Gandrik, Bengkel Teater, and Mainteater Jakarta. The theater performance locations in 2001-2005, according to Tempo’s articles, mostly took place in Jakarta’s theater houses. The ratio of performance locations amount is as follows: Jakarta (50 performances), Yogyakarta (6 performances), Surakarta (2 performances), and Bandung (1 performance).

Key Words: theater performance location, theater group, Tempo magazine
Obituari Prof. Dr. Umar Junus (1934-2010)
Authors: Mashuri Mashuri
Published: April 2017

Obituari Prof. Dr. Umar Junus (1934-2010)