bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of public health strategies on reducing AIDS mortality in southern Brazil
Authors: Raboni Sonia M , Ribeiro Clea E , Almeida Sergio M , Telles João Paulo M , Azevedo Marcos , Schaitza Gustavo A
Published: January 2016

Summary

In Brazil, all patients who fulfill the criteria for AIDS have had free access to antiretroviral therapy since 1996. We performed this cross-sectional study to evaluate the causes of death among 643 HIV-infected patients over three non-consecutive years (2000, 2006, and 2010), using their epidemiological, clinical, and laboratory data. The causes of death were classified as AIDS-defining or non-AIDS-defining conditions. We observed a progressive increase in the prevalence of HIV infection over the study period, although there was also a decrease in the mortality rate for various groups, and especially among pediatric patients. An AIDS-defining condition was recorded as the cause of death for approximately 30% of the patients. There was also a high frequency (>70%) of infectious and parasitic diseases, including opportunistic infections, and the most common diagnoses were septicemia, pneumonia, tuberculosis, and pneumocystosis. Acute respiratory failure was the underlying cause of death in 30% of these cases. Despite advances in HIV therapy, the mortality rate remains high in Brazil. As few Brazilian studies have investigated HIV/AIDS-related mortality, it is important to evaluate and improve the mortality notification databases, in order to provide information regarding the effects of HIV and to guide the implementation of appropriate healthcare measures.
Design criteria for functionally graded piezoelectric plates under thermo-electro-mechanical loadings
Authors: Nourmohammadi Hossein , Behjat Bashir
Published: January 2016

In this article, the static bending response of the functionally graded piezoelectric material plate is investigated based on the first-order shear deformation plate theory (FSDT) under mechanical, electrical, and thermal loads using finite element method. All mechanical, thermal, and piezoelectric properties, except Poisson’s ratio, obey the power law distribution through the thickness. The effects of different volume fraction index, thickness, and various loading conditions are studied on the deflection of functionally graded piezoelectric material plate. The deflection of functionally graded piezoelectric material plate under thermal and electrical loadings versus power law index has been obtained. It is inferred that the correlations between the deflection and the power law index are completely different in the mechanical and thermal loadings, which can be used to design structures in actuator or sensor state. By considering the variation of deflection versus power law index, the proper operation point of the structure can be selected based on the sensor or actuator behavior of the plate.
Reading–writing integrated tasks, comprehensive corrective feedback, and EFL writing development
Authors: Zhang Xiaoyan
Published: January 2016

The study examines whether there is any difference between the effects of a reading–writing integrated task and comprehensive corrective feedback (CF) on English as a foreign language (EFL) learners’ writing development, and whether the input language in the integrated task makes a difference in L2 writing development over time and the language accuracy of the writing resulting from the integrated task. It also explores the possible relationships among language, content alignment and language accuracy and the relationship between language alignment and content alignment. To this end, a quasi-experimental study was conducted to assess participants’ L2 writing development based on a pretest–posttest–delayed-posttest design implemented in four intact EFL freshman classes. Four groups were created: an English-reading–English-writing (EE) group, a Chinese-reading–English-writing (CE) group, a comprehensive CF group, and a control group, which engaged solely in writing practice. The results demonstrated that (1) the EE and CF groups outperformed the control and CE groups on the posttest and outscored the control group on the delayed posttest with respect to language, although there were no significant differences among the three experimental groups in overall, content, and organization scores; (2) the input language of the integrated reading–writing task had a significant effect on language accuracy in the resulting essays; and (3) there was no significant correlation between content alignment and language accuracy for the CE group, whereas for the EE group, a significant positive correlation was observed not only between content and language alignment, on the one hand, and language accuracy, on the other hand, but also between content alignment and language alignment.
Analytical prediction of springback in bending of tailor-welded blanks incorporating effect of anisotropy and weld zone properties
Authors: Gautam Vijay , Raut Vinayak Manohar , Kumar D Ravi
Published: January 2016

An analytical model for the prediction of springback in bending of longitudinally welded tailor-welded blanks of different thickness is presented in this paper. The effect of strain hardening, anisotropy and weld zone has been incorporated in the analytical model. Power law of strain hardening and Hill’s anisotropic yield criterion have been used in the development of the analytical model for prediction of springback in tailor-welded blanks. The predicted values of springback are validated with experiments on V-bending of laser-welded blanks of Extra Deep Drawing quality steel sheets. Longitudinally welded specimens of three different thickness combinations with weld line oriented at 0°, 45° and 90° to the rolling direction are tested to investigate the effect of anisotropy. The springback values predicted by the analytical model incorporating the weld properties are found to be in good agreement with the experimental results in all of the cases. The springback has been found to be maximum when the weld line is oriented at 45° to the rolling direction.
The use of dialogue tools to promote dialogue-based and person-centred patient education for people with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Jensen Natasja K , Pals Regitze AS , Willaing Ingrid
Published: January 2016

Objectives

To explore educator experiences of implementing dialogue tools in practice to engender participatory patient education.

Methods

Data were collected through qualitative interviews with 31 educators and 20 ethnographic observations of group-based education sessions at eight education sites. Data were analysed using systematic text condensation and the theoretical concepts of script and de-script. Three dialogue tools including ‘My Illness and Me’, ‘Goals and Plan’s and ‘Wheel of Change’ were selected for analysis because they were used most frequently. The tools are intended to support educators in facilitating participatory patient education.

Results

Consistent with the intended purpose of the dialogue tools, educators reported that the dialogue tools helped engender participatory education in the form of reflection and dialogue among participants regarding living with diabetes. However, educators also reported instances of discrepancies between the tools’ intended purpose and their actual use because some participants found it difficult to relate to the tools.

Discussion

The application of dialogue tools to engender participatory patient education is highly dependent on educators’ and participants’ understanding and use of dialogue tools in practice. This implies that substantial educator skills are needed to facilitate dialogue and participation in patient education.
Aviation and healthcare: a comparative review with implications for patient safety
Authors: Kapur Narinder , Parand Anam , Soukup Tayana , Reader Tom , Sevdalis Nick
Published: January 2016

Safety in aviation has often been compared with safety in healthcare. Following a recent article in this journal, the UK government set up an Independent Patient Safety Investigation Service, to emulate a similar well-established body in aviation. On the basis of a detailed review of relevant publications that examine patient safety in the context of aviation practice, we have drawn up a table of comparative features and a conceptual framework for patient safety. Convergence and divergence of safety-related behaviours across aviation and healthcare were derived and documented. Key safety-related domains that emerged included Checklists, Training, Crew Resource Management, Sterile Cockpit, Investigation and Reporting of Incidents and Organisational Culture. We conclude that whilst healthcare has much to learn from aviation in certain key domains, the transfer of lessons from aviation to healthcare needs to be nuanced, with the specific characteristics and needs of healthcare borne in mind. On the basis of this review, it is recommended that healthcare should emulate aviation in its resourcing of staff who specialise in human factors and related psychological aspects of patient safety and staff wellbeing. Professional and post-qualification staff training could specifically include Cognitive Bias Avoidance Training, as this appears to play a key part in many errors relating to patient safety and staff wellbeing.
The hematopoietic oncoprotein FOXP1 promotes tumor cell survival in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma by repressing S1PR2 signaling
Authors: Flori Michael , Schmid Corina A. , Sumrall Eric T. , Tzankov Alexandar , Law Charity W. , Robinson Mark D. , Müller Anne
Published: January 2016

Key Points

The sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 2 (S1PR2) is a novel tumor suppressor and survival prognosticator in the ABC subtype of DLBCL. S1PR2 is a direct, repressed FOXP1 target; ectopic S1PR2 expression induces apoptosis in DLBCL cells in vitro and prevents tumor growth.
Impact of BCR-ABL transcript type on outcome in patients with chronic-phase CML treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors
Authors: Jain Preetesh , Kantarjian Hagop , Patel Keyur P. , Gonzalez Graciela Nogueras , Luthra Rajyalakshmi , Shamanna Rashmi Kanagal , Sasaki Koji , Jabbour Elias , Romo Carlos Guillermo , Kadia Tapan M. , Pemmaraju Naveen , Daver Naval , Borthakur Gautam , Estrov Zeev , Ravandi Farhad , O’Brien Susan , Cortes Jorge
Published: January 2016

Key Points

Patients with e13a2 transcripts have inferior outcomes with imatinib 400; e14a2 has favorable outcomes regardless of treatment modality. Multivariate analysis showed that the expression of e14a2 or both e14a2 and e13a2 predicts optimal ELN responses and longer EFS and TFS.
Radiotherapy With 4 Gy × 5 Versus 3 Gy × 10 for Metastatic Epidural Spinal Cord Compression: Final Results of the SCORE-2 Trial (ARO 2009/01)
Authors: Rades Dirk , Šegedin Barbara , Conde-Moreno Antonio J. , Garcia Raquel , Perpar Ana , Metz Michaela , Badakhshi Harun , Schreiber Andreas , Nitsche Mirko , Hipp Peter , Schulze Wolfgang , Adamietz Irenaeus A. , Norkus Darius , Rudat Volker , Cacicedo Jon , Schild Steven E.
Published: January 2016

Purpose

To compare short-course radiotherapy (RT) (4 Gy × 5) to longer-course RT (3 Gy × 10) for metastatic epidural spinal cord compression (MESCC).

Patients and Methods

Two-hundred three patients with MESCC and poor to intermediate expected survival were randomly assigned to 4 Gy × 5 in 1 week (n = 101) or 3 Gy × 10 in 2 weeks (n = 102). Patients were stratified according to ambulatory status, time developing motor deficits, and primary tumor type. Seventy-eight and 77 patients, respectively, were evaluable for the primary end point, 1-month overall response regarding motor function defined as improvement or no further progression of motor deficits. Other study end points included ambulatory status, local progression-free survival, and overall survival. End points were evaluated immediately after RT and at 1, 3, and 6 months thereafter.

Results

At 1 month, overall response rates regarding motor function were 87.2% after 4 Gy × 5 and 89.6% after 3 Gy × 10 (P = .73). Improvement rates were 38.5% and 44.2%, respectively, no further progression rates 48.7% and 45.5%, respectively, and deterioration rates 12.8% and 10.4%, respectively (P = .44). Ambulatory rates at 1 month were 71.8% and 74.0%, respectively (P = .86). At other times after RT, the results were also not significantly different. Six-month local progression-free survival was 75.2% after 4 Gy × 5 and 81.8% after 3 Gy × 10 (P = .51); 6-month overall survival was 42.3% and 37.8% (P = .68).

Conclusion

Short-course RT with 4 Gy × 5 was not significantly inferior to 3 Gy × 10 in patients with MESCC and poor to intermediate expected survival.
September 11 as Seen from the South
Authors: Mallon Florencia E.
Published: January 2016

The allanamiento (invasive military operation) of Nehuentúe, occurring two weeks before the Chilean military coup of September 11, 1973, helps provide a clearer understanding of how the “Compromise State”—the negotiated political incorporation of workers, urban popular sectors, and leftist parties in exchange for landowner political control of the rural areas—unraveled during the Popular Unity government. The precarious negotiations with the central state were even more problematic in Araucanía because the history of conquest and expropriation based the region's land titles on abusive postwar mappings. Though auctions legally white-washed these titles, their conflictual history emerged even more strongly under the Popular Unity government. Although these deep and violent contradictions existed throughout the southern province of Cautín, the coastal region where Nehuentúe was located had a particularly dramatic history in this regard. This situation became even clearer in 1992, when the first militant identity-based Mapuche organization targeted the region in its first land occupations.
Sergio Castilla
Authors: Cortínez Verónica
Published: January 2016

Although Sergio Castilla is one of the few Chilean filmmakers with a truly international career, official film history has neglected his role, not only due to the lack of distribution within the country but also across borders. When a member of Amnesty International saw Prisioneros desaparecidos in San Francisco, she exclaimed: “This film shows the real horrors of torture. It's the movie about human rights abuse”; but then she refused to promote it because it had been made in Fidel Castro's Cuba. Ahead of his time in denouncing the precarious conditions of women (Mijita is the first Chilean feminist film), Castilla has always been committed to the urgent social and political changes that the times demanded. The question underlying his films is how a Chilean filmmaker can remain faithful to his personal obsessions as well as to the history of his country and, at the same time, be relevant to international audiences. Gentille Alouette offers a masterful balance between local sorrow and global avant-garde. The whole of Castilla's work is a perfect site of memory of cinema at its best.
Dialect and Dialectic in “The Working Day” of Marx's Capital
Authors: Morris Rosalind C.
Published: January 2016

The rhetorical virtuosity of “The Working Day” chapter in Marx's Das Kapital consists in its staging of two distinct registers of political vocality. On the one hand, the transparent subject of a future scene is given form as that voice which arises to confront capital in its own terms. But in the footnotes that accompany the chapter, Marx quotes the reportage of various humanitarian agencies and the testimony of workers (not The Worker) in a manner that materializes the irreducible particularity of individuals and their historically situated speaking. In this essay, I read “The Working Day” chapter in terms of the tension between dialect and dialectic that it stages without analyzing. In the operations of the text, I argue, there is an aporia that has been remarkably overlooked but that already indicates the difficult path that the pursuit of universalist political projects have had and continue to have to confront.
Medicine, Metaphor, and “Crisis” in the Early Modern Social Body
Authors: Healy Margaret
Published: January 2016

In the political turmoil of mid-seventeenth-century England, both socio-political utopias and dystopias were repeatedly imagined through corporeal images and medical metaphors and narratives. The new iatrochemistry—Paracelsian and subsequently Helmontian medicine—featured especially prominently in this intriguing textual landscape. Focusing on this particular healing paradigm, and drawing on insights from cultural theory of the body and medical history, this intertextual analysis of medical writings, English Civil War playlets, and political treatises by Harrington, Winstanley, Coppe, and Hobbes, seeks to understand better the complex interplay of medical, political, and religious ideas and discourses around the nexus of the body in the turbulent revolutionary years. The findings challenge the notion that there was an ontological relationship between chemical medicine and radical politics in these years of crisis, demonstrating that, on the contrary, political writers drew upon medical ideas and metaphors selectively and often inconsistently in order to lend persuasive authority to their arguments.
When stem cells grow old: phenotypes and mechanisms of stem cell aging
Authors: Schultz Michael B. , Sinclair David A.
Published: January 2016

All multicellular organisms undergo a decline in tissue and organ function as they age. An attractive theory is that a loss in stem cell number and/or activity over time causes this decline. In accordance with this theory, aging phenotypes have been described for stem cells of multiple tissues, including those of the hematopoietic system, intestine, muscle, brain, skin and germline. Here, we discuss recent advances in our understanding of why adult stem cells age and how this aging impacts diseases and lifespan. With this increased understanding, it is feasible to design and test interventions that delay stem cell aging and improve both health and lifespan.
Harnessing the protective potential of HIV-1 neutralizing antibodies
Authors: Smith S Abigail , Derdeyn Cynthia A
Published: January 2016

Recent biological, structural, and technical advances are converging within the HIV-1 vaccine field to harness the power of antibodies for prevention and therapy. Numerous monoclonal antibodies with broad neutralizing activity against diverse HIV-1 isolates have now been identified, revealing at least five sites of vulnerability on the envelope (Env) glycoproteins. While there are practical and technological barriers blocking a clear path from broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAb) to a protective vaccine, this is not a dead end. Scientists are revisiting old approaches with new technology, cutting new trails through unexplored territory, and paving new roads in the hopes of preventing HIV-1 infection. Other promising avenues to capitalize on the power of bNAbs are also being pursued, such as passive antibody immunotherapy and gene therapy approaches. Moreover, non-neutralizing antibodies have inhibitory activities that could have protective potential, alone or in combination with bNAbs. With a new generation of bNAbs, and a clinical trial that associated antibodies with reduced acquisition, the field is closer than ever to developing strategies to use antibodies against HIV-1.
Salvage procedures for the painful chronically dislocated hip in cerebral palsy
Authors: Hwang J. H. , Varte L. , Kim H. W. , Lee D. H. , Park H.
Published: January 2016

The aims of this study were to report functional outcomes of salvage procedures for patients with cerebral palsy (CP) who have chronic dislocation of the hip using validated scoring systems, and to compare the results of three surgical techniques.

We reviewed 37 patients retrospectively. The mean age at the time of surgery was 12.2 years (8 to 22) and the mean follow-up was 56 months (24 to 114). Patients were divided into three groups: 14 who underwent proximal femoral resection arthroplasty (PFRA group 1), ten who underwent subtrochanteric valgus osteotomy (SVO group 2), and 13 who underwent subtrochanteric valgus osteotomy with resection of the femoral head (SVO with FHR group 3). All patients were evaluated using the Caregiver Priorities and Child Health Index of Life with Disabilities (CPCHILD) and the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL).

Significant improvements occurred in most CPCHILD and PedsQL subsection scores following surgery in all patients, without significant differences between the groups. There were 12 post-operative complications. Less severe complications were seen in group 1 than in groups 2 and 3.

Salvage surgery appears to provide pain relief in patients with CP who have painful chronic dislocation of the hip. The three salvage procedures produced similar results, however, we recommend the use of PFRA as the complications are less severe.

Take home message: Salvage surgery can be of benefit to patients with CP with chronic painful hip dislocation, but should be limited to selected patients considering complications.

Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2016;98-B:137–43.
Total knee arthroplasty with an oxidised zirconium femoral component
Authors: Ahmed I. , Salmon L. J. , Waller A. , Watanabe H. , Roe J. P. , Pinczewski L. A.
Published: January 2016

Aims

Oxidised zirconium was introduced as a material for femoral components in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) as an attempt to reduce polyethylene wear. However, the long-term survival of this component is not known.

Methods

We performed a retrospective review of a prospectively collected database to assess the ten year survival and clinical and radiological outcomes of an oxidised zirconium total knee arthroplasty with the Genesis II prosthesis. The Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) and a patient satisfaction scale were used to assess outcome.

Results

A total of 303 consecutive TKAs were performed in 278 patients with a mean age of 68 years (45 to 89). The rate of survival ten years post-operatively as assessed using Kaplan–Meier analysis was 97% (95% confidence interval 94 to 99) with revision for any reason as the endpoint. There were no revisions for loosening, osteolysis or failure of the implant. There was a significant improvement in all components of the WOMAC score at final follow-up (p < 0.001). The mean individual components of the KOOS score for symptoms (82.4 points; 36 to 100), pain (87.5 points; 6 to 100), activities of daily life (84.9 points; 15 to 100) and quality of life (71.4 points; 6 to 100) were all at higher end of the scale.

Discussion

This study provides further supportive evidence that the oxidised zirconium TKA gives comparable rates of survival with other implants and excellent functional outcomes ten years post-operatively. Take home message: Total knee arthroplasty with an oxidised zirconium femoral component gives comparable long-term rates of survival and functional outcomes with conventional implants. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2016;98-B:58–64.
Comunicación empresarial de las empresas del IBEX 35 en Twitter
Authors: Alonso González Marián
Published: January 2016

Las nuevas tecnologías de la información han modificado las estrategias de la comunicación empresarial. Las herramientas derivadas de la Web 2.0, y en concreto, las redes sociales incorporan nuevos paradigmas en el manejo de la comunicación hasta el punto de transformar la relación que tradicionalmente mantenían los usuarios con las corporaciones. A lo largo de este artículo, y mediante una metodología de investigación cuantitativa, analizamos la comunicación que desarrollan las empresas del IBEX 35 a través de la red social Twitter para evidenciar la importancia que las empresas conceden a esta plataforma a la hora de crear una imagen exterior coherente y que favorezca su posicionamiento en el mercado.
Model Order Reduction for Pattern Formation in FitzHugh-Nagumo Equation
Authors: Karasozen Bulent , Uzunca Murat , Kucukseyhan Tugba
Published: January 2016

We developed a reduced order model (ROM) using the proper orthogonal
decomposition (POD) to compute efficiently the labyrinth and spot like patterns of the FitzHugh-Nagumo (FNH) equation. The FHN equation is discretized in space by the discontinuous Galerkin (dG) method and in time by the backward Euler method. Applying POD-DEIM (discrete empirical interpolation method) to the full order model (FOM) for different values of the parameter in the bistable nonlinearity, we show that using few POD and DEIM modes, the patterns can be computed accurately. Due to the local nature of the dG discretization, the PODDEIM
requires less number of connected nodes than continuous finite element for the nonlinear terms, which leads to a significant reduction of the computational cost for dG POD-DEIM.
PMOR for Nanoelectronic Coupled Problems
Authors: Banagaaya Nicodemus , Feng Lihong , Meuris Peter , Schoenmaker Wim , Benner Peter
Published: January 2016

The models for nanoelectronics coupled problems, such as electro-thermal (ET) coupled problems, are very large in scale. These models often include parameter variability to guarantee quality and yield. The
parameter variations can be due to material properties, system configurations, etc. The scientific challenges are to develop efficient and robust techniques for fast simulation of strongly coupled systems that exploit the different dynamics of sub-systems, and that can deal with signals that differ strongly in the frequency range and parameter domain. However, direct application of the standard parameterized model order reduction (PMOR) techniques to the ET coupled models, may lead to inaccurate or unsolvable reduced-order models (ROMs) due to increased index and the mixing of field variables, and may not be able to capture the electro-thermal couplings. We propose a PMOR method for ET coupled models, which involves first decoupling the system into algebraic and differential parts, then applying the standard PMOR techniques to the decoupled parts, respectively.
Students with Pediatric Cancer: A Prescription for School Success
Authors: Hay Genevieve H , Nabors Martha , Sullivan Alexandra , Zygmund Allyson
Published: January 2016

Due to medical advances, many students with acute chronic illnesses, like pediatric cancer, are able to attend school. The professional literature reflects the need for reform of educational strategies for children facing cancer treatment and who will be absent for extended periods of time.  In order to promote successful educational services and the reintegration of students into school, it is vital for multidisciplinary teams and families to collaborate effectively. This article provides a plan to promote successful integration of students with cancer within regular classrooms.
The Title
ḥ
Ꜣ
.ty-
Ꜥ
.w ḥ
Ꜣ
ı ͗nb.w n.w Ptḥ
, “Mayor of Beyond the Walls of Ptah”, and Early 19th Dynasty Temple Building at Memphis
Authors: Staring Nico
Published: January 2016

The Mayor of Memphis was a key player in the administration of Egypt’s capital. Despite that prominent position, we do not know much about the official’s duties. The recent identification of a photograph taken by Egyptologist Théodule Devéria in 1859, which features a doorway in the long-lost superstructure of the tomb of the Mayor Ptahmose, has added valuable new data to the subject. Texts on the structure’s two door jambs record a selection of his titles. One of these, ḥꜢ.ty-Ꜥ.w ḥꜢ ı ͗nb.w n.w Ptḥ, “Mayor of beyond the walls of Ptah”, is not known from any other sources. This paper proposes an interpretation of this title, which also requires a re-evaluation of the office of Mayor of Memphis at the very beginning of the 19th Dynasty. The administration of town and temple are studied using prosopographical data as a primary source, with special emphasis on the construction works in and around ı ͗nb.w, “Walls”.
Disciplinary Culture: Artillery, Sound, and Science in Woolwich, 1800–1850
Authors: Werrett Simon
Published: January 2016

The rise of military music around 1800 offers a suggestive context in which to examine the connections between science, music, and the military. Olinthus Gregory was representative of a community of reform-minded mathematicians and astronomers who sought to introduce greater precision and more mathematics into science, applying mathematical calculation to music and the sciences. His proposal to regulate tempo with a pendulum followed what was no doubt a familiar sight for him at the Woolwich Arsenal—the use of the pendulum by the drum-major to regulate marching music. Indeed, a number of such projects converged on Woolwich, an experimental space where new scientific and musical regimes emerged. The “calculating eye” secured authority by presenting science as objective and freed of emotions, but music's ability to evoke emotions was powerful. Thus, while music was a resource for the exact science promoted at the Arsenal, it could also threaten it.
Primary Care Physicians’ Perspectives About HPV Vaccine
Authors: Allison Mandy A. , Hurley Laura P. , Markowitz Lauri , Crane Lori A. , Brtnikova Michaela , Beaty Brenda L. , Snow Megan , Cory Janine , Stokley Shannon , Roark Jill , Kempe Allison
Published: January 2016

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Because physicians’ practices could be modified to reduce missed opportunities for human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination, our goal was to: (1) describe self-reported practices regarding recommending the HPV vaccine; (2) estimate the frequency of parental deferral of HPV vaccination; and (3)identify characteristics associated with not discussing it.

METHODS:

A national survey among pediatricians and family physicians (FP) was conducted between October 2013 and January 2014. Using multivariable analysis, characteristics associated with not discussing HPV vaccination were examined.

RESULTS:

Response rates were 82% for pediatricians (364 of 442) and 56% for FP (218 of 387). For 11-12 year-old girls, 60% of pediatricians and 59% of FP strongly recommend HPV vaccine; for boys,52% and 41% ostrongly recommen. More than one-half reported ≥25% of parents deferred HPV vaccination. At the 11-12 year well visit, 84% of pediatricians and 75% of FP frequently/always discuss HPV vaccination. Compared with physicians who frequently/always discuss , those who occasionally/rarely discuss(18%) were more likely to be FP (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 2.0 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.1–3.5), be male (aOR: 1.8 [95% CI: 1.1–3.1]), disagree that parents will accept HPV vaccine if discussed with other vaccines (aOR: 2.3 [95% CI: 1.3–4.2]), report that 25% to 49% (aOR: 2.8 [95% CI: 1.1–6.8]) or ≥50% (aOR: 7.8 [95% CI: 3.4–17.6]) of parents defer, and express concern about waning immunity (aOR: 3.4 [95% CI: 1.8–6.4]).

CONCLUSIONS:

Addressing physicians’ perceptions about parental acceptance of HPV vaccine, the possible advantages of discussing HPV vaccination with other recommended vaccines, and concerns about waning immunity could lead to increased vaccination rates.
La producción de textos escritos en estudiantes de dos universidades públicas con el modelo intercultural
Authors: López-García María Minerva , Bastiani-Gómez José
Published: January 2016

El objetivo de este trabajo consiste en identificar y analizar las características de la comunicación escrita del estudiantado de la Licenciatura en Lengua y Cultura de la Universidad Intercultural de Chiapas y de la Licencicatura en Educación Preescolar y Primaria de la Universidad Pedagógica Nacional, Unidad 071, de Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas y su incidencia en la formación intercultural. El estudio es de carácter exploratorio y descriptivo. Hace  uso de la técnica de la encuesta, la observación participante y la entrevista grupal a una muestra por conveniencia de 83 estudiantes. Los datos obtenidos permitieron reflexionar y discutir sobre las características de la producción de textos escritos a partir del análisis de sus productos y experiencias de aprendizaje lectoescritoras. Los resultados indican que el estudiantado presenta una comunicación escrita con deficiencias en la enunciación de los temas y la congruencia en la redacción de textos, entre otros problemas.  Reconocen que han experimentado una formación escolar deficiente y ajena a la procedencia lingüística de origen étnico. Las dificultades identificadas obedecen, entre otras causas, a razones  de orden didáctico ausentes en la práctica docente, a precarias condiciones de organización escolar, a la escasa reflexividad sobre la enseñanza bilingüe, al poco compromiso ético de quien asesora y a una deficiente formación del profesorado y equipo de asesoría académica, en ambos programas. Se sugiere impulsar una formación docente intercultural que promueva estrategias didácticas tanto en la lengua indígena como en español en los programas de estudio para alcanzar resultados favorables de calidad en su formación.
OCORRÊNCIA DE Diabrotica speciosa (COLEOPTERA: CHRYSOMELIDAE) NA CULTURA DO GIRASSOL NO MUNICÍPIO DE IPANGUAÇU/RN
Authors: Neri Danila Kelly Pereira , Morais Diego Dantas , Sena Junior Humberto Souza
Published: January 2016

A planta do girassol destaca-se entre as oleoginosas pelo seu elevado teor de óleo nas sementes e por suas características agronômicas desejáveis, tanto que vem se ampliando seu cultivo como fonte de matéria-prima para produção de biodiesel em diversas regiões do Brasil. Seu cultivo na região Nordeste ainda é incipiente, mas há grande perspectiva de crescimento devido aos incentivos governamentais, visando à produção de biodiesel. Apesar da importância, ainda são poucos os trabalhos de pesquisas que tratam dessa cultura, e em especial de sua entomofauna. Neste contexto, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo estudar a ocorrência de besouros atacando a cultura do girassol em diferentes genótipos comerciais. O trabalho foi desenvolvido no IFRN do município de Ipanguaçu/RN. A semeadura se deu em 03/07/2008, seguindo-se todas as práticas culturais recomendadas para a cultura. O delineamento adotado foi em Blocos Casualizados com cinco tratamentos (genótipos) e quatro repetições. A parcela experimental foi constituída por quatro linhas com sete metros de comprimento, espaçadas por 0,7 m entre linhas e 0,31 m entre plantas, totalizando 19,6 m2 e 90 plantas, sendo adotada como área útil para avaliação as duas fileiras centrais de plantas. As amostragens foram semanais de 14/07 a 08/09, avaliando-se visualmente 5 plantas por parcela. A espécie de besouro mais freqüentemente coletada foi Diabrotica speciosa, presente durante as três primeiras semanas da cultura.
Factores de riesgo total en familias migrantes en Soledad, Atlántico
Authors: Sánchez Isaza Dora Cecilia , Cataño Ordoñez Nhora
Published: January 2016

Introducción: Colombia vive  hoy por hoy uno de sus más grandes problemas sociales como es la migración de familias a nivel  inter-municipales e inter-departamentales, lo que hace necesario la caracterización del factor de riesgo total  en estas familias para su intervención. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio cuantitativo descriptivo transversal  donde se seleccionaron 70 familias migrantes constituidas por 344 individuos, que viven aledaños a un barrio del municipio de Soledad, y se utilizó el instrumento  Riesgo Familiar total (RFT 5-33) de Pilar Amaya, con las categorías: socio-demográfico, factores de riesgo y riesgo total. Resultados: Dentro de todos los  factores de riesgo familiar que pone en  un riesgo  alto a estas familias migrantes  son: condiciones de vivienda y vecindario con un 59%,  situación económica con un 24% y condiciones afectivas con un 14%, menor frecuencia se da en servicios y practica de salud con un 10% y manejo de menores con 10%. Discusión: La problemática que viene afectando a las poblaciones rurales, aun cuando el gobierno viene desarrollando planes direccionados hacia las familias migrantes, los problemas de infraestructura de las viviendas y la situación socio-económica en ellos se refleja en su salud. Y más aun cuando algunas investigaciones han demostrado como se les ha venido vulnerando sus derechos. Conclusiones: Sobre el predominio de las familias migrantes con riesgo alto, se  aprecia que estadísticamente  los componentes de estas  variables son  independientes, pero  el comportamiento observado puede ser el resultado de efectos causales similares.

Cómo citar este artículo: Sánchez DC, Cataño N. Factores de riesgo total en familias migrantes en Soledad, Atlántico. Rev Cuid. 2016; 7(1): 1152-62. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.v7i1.174
Grado de adherencia al protocolo de registros clínicos de enfermería
Authors: Bautista Rodríguez Luz Marina , Vejar Río Leidy Yeraldin , Pabón Parra Mary Rolecxy , Jesús Moreno Jackson , Fuentes Rodríguez Ludy , León Solano Kenny Yelibeth , Andrés Bonilla Jorge
Published: January 2016

Introducción: La utilización de las guías de manejo clínicas, protocolos y manuales se constituyen en un elemento fundamental para la prestación de servicios de salud con calidad. El protocolo de registros clínicos es una herramienta que orienta al personal de enfermería en los lineamientos claves que se deben tener en cuenta en cada uno de los cuidados que se brindan.  Materiales y Métodos: Se realizó un estudio cuantitativo de tipo descriptivo de corte transversal. La muestra estuvo conformada por 105 auxiliares de enfermería y 15 profesionales de enfermería que laboran en una  institución de salud de IV nivel  de complejidad, para la recolección de la información se utilizó una lista de chequeo y un test de conocimientos basado en el protocolo de registros de la institución. Resultados: El nivel de conocimientos del personal profesional y auxiliar de enfermería sobre el protocolo es bueno con un 61%, le sigue un nivel de conocimientos regular con 29%. La aplicabilidad es buena en un 14% y un 54% del personal  profesional y auxiliar de enfermería tiene mala aplicabilidad al protocolo, encontrándose que no se diligencian completamente los formatos que se incluyen en la historia clínica. El nivel de adherencia es bueno para el 30% del personal profesional y auxiliar de enfermería. Discusión y Conclusiones: Se encontró que el personal profesional y auxiliar de enfermería tienen un buen nivel conocimientos solo en los registros clínicos que usan frecuentemente; sin embargo el personal profesional y auxiliar de enfermería  no aplican estos conocimientos en su práctica diaria, evidenciado por un 54% de mala aplicabilidad.

Cómo citar este artículo: Bautista LM, Vejar LY, Pabón MR, Moreno JJ, Fuentes L, León KY, et al. Grado de adherencia al protocolo de registros clínicos de enfermería. Rev Cuid. 2016; 7(1): 1195-203. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.v7i1.237
Conocimientos, creencias y prácticas de los adolescentes de la cultura Caribe en anticoncepción
Authors: Lapeira Panneflex Patricia , Acosta Salazar Diana Patricia , Vásquez Munive Mirith
Published: January 2016

Introducción: La tasa global de fecundidad en Colombia ha disminuido y el uso de los métodos anticonceptivos (MAC) ha aumentado; sin embargo el inicio temprano de las relaciones sexuales cuando aún no se tienen los conocimientos necesarios que faciliten la sexualidad segura, induce al uso ineficaz con pérdida del potencial anticonceptivo. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio descriptivo de corte trasversal realizado con 64 adolescentes de un barrio de la ciudad de Santa Marta, Colombia, utilizando para ello un instrumento compuesto por tres dominios relacionados con conocimientos,  creencias y prácticas  sobre MAC.  Resultados: La edad media de los adolescentes fue de 16 años. El 65,6% conoce los MAC aunque únicamente 54,7% dice usarlos. El 71,9% piensan que las personas que usan los MAC son responsables e informadas. El 48,8% piensan que usar anticonceptivos tiene unos efectos secundarios como gordura y esterilidad. El método preferido es el preservativo y la decisión de utilizarlo la toma el hombre, y el inicio de las relaciones sexuales ocurre hoy a una edad muy temprana, hecho atribuido a la influencia cultural. Discusión: Los resultados de este estudio guardan relación con investigaciones realizados a nivel nacional e internacional, demuestran que el desconocimiento y las actitudes negativas sobre anticonceptivos son obstáculo para su uso. Conclusiones: Todos los participantes sustentaron conocimientos en anticonceptivos, existiendo vacíos en ese conocimiento y/o creencias sobre efectos secundarios que inciden negativamente en su uso: se les atribuye ocasionar aumento de peso esterilidad. El método más utilizado por los adolescentes es el preservativo.

Cómo citar este artículo: Lapeira P, Acosta D, Vásquez M. Conocimientos, creencias  y prácticas de los adolescentes de la cultura Caribe en anticoncepción. Rev Cuid. 2016; 7(1): 1204-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.v7i1.243
Impacto psicosocial en enfermeras que brindan cuidados en fase terminal
Authors: Pérez Vega María Elena , Cibanal Luis Juan
Published: January 2016

Introducción: La vivencia y significación del proceso de morir dependen de construcción sociocultural, cosmovisión de la vida, conocimientos y experiencias personales. En México, como en otros países, la muerte es algo contradictorio, temido, evadido y venerado. El personal de enfermería está inmerso en esta cultura y desde ahí ejerce su profesión, pretendiendo contribuir en la promoción, mantenimiento, recuperación de la salud y asistencia de enfermos terminales. Existen múltiples investigaciones sobre actuación y actitudes ante la muerte en enfermería, pero vacíos sobre impacto emocional ante el desempeño del cuidado. Objetivo: Caracterizar cualitativamente el impacto psicosocial en enfermeras que prestan cuidados paliativos hospitalarios a pacientes en etapa final de la vida. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio cualitativo, método fenomenológico, técnica entrevista en profundidad, como informantes 4 licenciadas en enfermería, análisis semiótico centrado en narrativas. Resultados: Conceptualización: ser humano, muerte, fase terminal, enfermería-enfermera; hallazgos: autopercepción como seres escindidos entre lo personal y lo profesional; significación de muerte como pérdida-ganancia; contexto hospitalario desfavorable a bien morir; impacto psicosocial y factores que lo intensifican; carencia de formación y apoyo. Discusión: Concordancia con investigaciones previas en conceptualización y significación de muerte, el aporte radica en describir o impacto psicosocial y sus razones. Conclusiones: Impacto psicosocial asociado a múltiples factores: afrontamiento cultural de la muerte, divergencias entre actuación personal y profesional, contexto hospitalario, enfoque tanatológico ausente. Urgente generar líneas de acción que retomen estos hallazgos, lo que repercutiría en menor impacto psicosocial del personal de enfermería y ello en mejoras en desempeño hospitalario, calidad de atención y condición de pacientes.

Cómo citar este artículo: Pérez ME, Cibanal LJ. Impacto psicosocial en enfermeras que brindan cuidados en fase terminal. Rev Cuid. 2016; 7(1): 1210-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.v7i1.295
Bibliotekariernas roll i skolan
Authors: Kåhre Peter
Published: January 2016

The purpose of the study is to critically discuss the role of librarians and libraries in educational processes. The study is done as a theoretical discussion that is built up from two different angles. And none of them have earlier been discussed in connection with the concept of information literacy.The first is about how the library as a tool has been functioning. This angle is worked out by using semiotic theories, sociological theories and learning theories. It is proposed that cultural and social processes involved in creating meaning and mediated by libraries, are dependent on structural qualities built up by the bibliographic system. Learning processes are dependent on situations and this means that library users have easier to get to the knowledge they need if they are able to use these structural capacities in libraries on their own.The second angle comes from a cognitive science discussion about how modern computer technology extends the human minds capacity to learn. It is pointed out that this technology means that it gets even easier to use the information searching tools. It is also pointed out that the critical stance towards this Extended Mind theory is about to what extend cognitive processes need to be done in the human mind. If these processes need to be done in the mind, it is also an argument that can be directed against intermediation activities from librarians. If this it is not true and the thesis main claim is true, this means that these computer tools functions better than help from mediators because they can at least be used without the need of interfering with another person. The knowledge seeker then does not need to translate their information question to another person. When possibilities to observe knowledge is mediated through situations this also means that trial and error are better pedagogical methods than instructions.The conclusion is that the most important strategy is to develop a good library structure and effective library tools as part of an electronic library. Librarians are needed to build and develop these libraries but it is the library and the tools in themselves that are of importance in the mediating process. These electronic libraries can be managed on a centralized level, which means small educational units can do without hiring librarians as personal mediators.
Encontros Globais e Confrontos Culturais: O Pentecostalismo Brasileiro à Conquista da Europa
Authors: Oro Ari Pedro , Alves Daniel
Published: January 2016

O artigo analisa quatro igrejas pentecostais de Porto Alegre que põem em prática a política da “reconquista espiritual da Europa” posto que, segundo elas, este continente tornou-se demasiadamente materialista e estaria abandonando o cristianismo. Para atender este objetivo, o de “recristianizar a Europa”, essas igrejas fecham acordos de parcerias com igrejas e agentes religiosos de países europeus como “recurso estratégico” para deslanchar a “missão invertida”. Porém, como na Europa a maioria dos fiéis e dos missionários das igrejas de Porto Alegre não é composta por europeus, mas brasileiros, latinos e africanos, sugerimos que a “missão invertida” detém outros sentidos, para além do verbalizado, como auferir benefícios econômicos, abrir-se para o “global” e elevar o prestígio das igrejas e dos agentes no contexto sociorreligioso “local”. Enfim, analisam-se as tensões vividas pelos missionários brasileiros na Europa devido aos choques culturais que enfrentam e que repercutem na prática religiosa, sobretudo em relação ao espaço reservado à emoção nos rituais.
Investigação de surto de sarampo no Estado do Pará na era da eliminação da doença no Brasil
Authors: Jesus Hiane Santos de , Nascimento Gilmara Lima , Rosa Fabiano Marques , Santos Deise Aparecida dos
Published: January 2016

Resumo Em 27 de julho de 2010, houve a notificação tardia de um resultado de IgM reagente para sarampo em Belém, Pará, Brasil, que gerou uma investigação epidemiológica e medidas de controle e prevenção. Foram encontrados mais dois casos confirmados, irmãos do primeiro caso, com clínica e período de incubação compatível com sarampo. Realizamos busca retrospectiva em hospitais e laboratórios, cujo caso suspeito fora o residente ou visitante do Pará, que entre 1o de maio de 2010 e 4 de agosto de 2010, tenha apresentado febre e exantema acompanhado de tosse e/ou coriza e/ou conjuntivite. Todos os casos identificados foram investigados via contato telefônico e/ou visitas domiciliares. Revisamos 183.854 fichas de atendimento, sendo identificados 56 (0,03%) casos suspeitos. Aplicamos 2.535 doses de vacina tríplice viral distribuídas entre bloqueios e intensificações vacinais. Ocorreu um surto intradomiciliar de sarampo em Belém com detecção e isolamento de genótipo viral importado da Europa. Recomenda-se uma vigilância epidemiológica oportuna e sensível à detecção de casos suspeitos de sarampo e manutenção de coberturas vacinais altas.