bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study of Traumatic Head Injuries Using Computed Tomography
Authors: Kajoak Samih , Osman H. , Ayad Caroline , Musa Alamin , Yousef Mohammed , Faizo Nahla , Malik Bushra
Published: March 2021

The aim of this retrospective research was to study traumatic head injury (THI) using CT scan and to classify the types of head trauma fractures and types of hemorrhages. Methods and Results: The current study included 53 THI patients (43/81.1%) males and 10/18.9% females) with positive and negative CT scan findings. A complete clinical history and patients’ data were taken from CT reports, which included age, gender, type of trauma, associated injury, and CT findings with their percentages. The study was carried out in Taif city in King Abdelaziz Hospital and King Faisal Hospital. The distribution of various etiologies of THI has shown that the most common etiology was road traffic accident (RTA) (45.3%). The typical age for THI was between 21 to 30 years old (26.4%). The distribution of the traumatic causes for each age group is shown in Table 1. The typical age for RTA was the age group of 11-20 years (33.3%), for falls – the age groups of 0-10 years (33.3%) and over 60 years of age (33.3%). The frequency of various CT findings of THI was as follows: intracranial hemorrhage (56.6%), fracture (39.6%), pneumocephalus (22.6%), contusion (22.6%), foreign body (11.3%), and proptosis (3.8%). The distribution of fracture cases, according to their types, was as follows: a linear fracture (76.2%), comminuted fracture (23.8%), basilar fracture (14.3%), and depressed fracture (9.5%). The frontal bone was the most affected site with fractures (30.7%). Conclusion: CT is an appropriate clinical modality used in the management of THI patients in the emergency department. CT has the advantage of being fast, safe, available, sensitive to most acute post-traumatic injuries, accurate in identifying the head abnormalities such as fractures and hemorrhage during the first 24 hours after injury, which is beneficial in the early assessment, therapy planning, monitoring, and long-term patient care.
Detection of Midline Shift from CT Scans to Predict Outcome in Patients with Head Injuries
Authors: Abdelaziz Ikhlas , Aljondi Rowa , Alhailiy Ali , Mahmoud Mustafa
Published: March 2021

Background: The present study aimed to detect the degree of midline shift from CT scans and the clinical status of the patient, to evaluate the relationship between the degree of midline shift found by the CT scan and GCS score as a predictor of clinical outcome in head injury patients. Furthermore, we aimed to assess the relationship between midline shift and age, sex, and causes. Methods and Results: The study included 50 subjects (36 males and 14 females). The age range of the patients in this study was 18–95 years old (mean age of 48.34±17.02 years). The inclusion criteria were patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) or patients evaluated for level of consciousness by a neurosurgeon. Toshiba 16 Slice CT scanner (Toshiba Medical Systems, Nasu, Japan 2003) was used to scan all patients in the supine, head first position. Contiguous 2 mm slices were obtained using the Toshiba 16-slice machine spiral technique (pitch 1.25–1.5, 0.75 s rotation time, 120 KvP, 2 mm reconstruction interval). The results indicated that the degree of midline shift in patients with brain injuries was statistically significant as a determinant of clinical outcome. It appeared that the probability of poor clinical outcome was higher when there was a combination of midline shift and other types of intracranial hemorrhage, clinical factors, such as sex, age, and GCS score, and associated injuries. The worst outcome was seen in patients with midline shift and subdural hematoma, when compared with other lesions in patients with brain injuries. Conclusion: This study suggests that the degree of midline shift may be predictive of clinical outcome in patients with head injuries.
Association of Polymorphisms in PPARPGC1A, ACE, and DRD2 Genes with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Orazmuradov Agamurad , Bekbaeva Irina , Arakelyan Gayane , Abitova Marianna , Haddad Khalid , Lopatin Alexander , Kyrtikov Sergey , Eldashova Gulnoza , Mukovnikova Ekaterina , Lukaev Aleksey
Published: March 2021

The aim of our research was to study the distribution of polymorphic variants of the DRD2/ANKK1 TaqIA (rs1800497 SNP), PPARGC1A rs8192678 SNP, and ACE I/D in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods and Results: The study included 383 pregnant women (gestational age of 37.0–41.0 weeks) with GDM and 68 pregnant women without disturbed carbohydrate metabolism. This was a prospective case-control study. All patients were divided into 3 groups. Group 1 included 211 pregnant women with GDM who received diet therapy only; Group 2 included 172 pregnant women with GDM who received insulin therapy; Group 3 included 68 pregnant women without metabolic disorders. For the DRD2/ANKK1 TaqIA (rs1800497 SNP) (A1/A2; T/C), we found that the TT homozygous genotype and T allele prevailed in Groups with GDM compared with Group without metabolic disorders. Conclusion: A study of the DRD2/ANKK1 TaqIA (rs1800497 SNP), PPARGC1A rs8192678 SNP, and ACE I/D revealed statistically significant increased risks for GDM in carriers of the TT genotype and T allele of the DRD2/ANKK1 TaqIA (rs1800497 SNP).
Applied Research of Distinguishing Similar Y-STR Haplotypes by Y Chromosome Complete Sequencing
Authors: Yang Xingyi , Yu Zhonghao , Li Shuanglin , Huang Manling , Cai Song , Chen Ling , Liu Changhui , Wang Huijun , Liu Chao
Published: March 2021

Background: To explore a technical method to distinguish similar Y-STR haplotypes and its value in deducing the differentiation the males in paternal line, we used a complete genome sequence of Y chromosome using streptavidin–biotin magnetic particle-based capture methodology (Y chromosome liquid phase probe capture next generation sequencing technique (NGS)) to detect male individuals with similar Y-STR haplotypes. Based on our independently developed mathematical model and the new topological structure of Y chromosome mutation sites as well as haplogroups and pedigree trees updated by the International Society of Genealogy (ISOGG) every year, we distinguished the coancestry of male individuals with similar Y-STR haplotypes and Results: Identifying differences between the judgment results of Y full sequencing and the pedigree survey results allowed for the estimation whether the individuals have close relation within 3~5 generations or not. Y chromosome liquid phase probe capture NGS technique could capture the 16M region and effectively analyze tens of thousands of Y-SNP loci. Among them, the coancestry obtained by analysis of 8 sample cases was consistent with the actual total case time obtained by family investigation. Conclusions: Detecting the Y-STR haplotype similarity between male individuals and conducting the previously reported mathematical model analysis by using Y chromosome liquid phase probe capture NGS technology can uncover the coancestry of the different male individuals. These results provide the foundation for further investigation of the similar Y-STR haplotype males in the Y-STR database.
Comparison of Rhabdomyolysis Associated With Sacubitril/valsartan-related Drug-drug Interactions by Individual Statins in an Adverse Event Reporting System
Authors: Sunaga Tomiko , Yonezawa Ryo
Published: March 2021

BackgroundSacubitril/valsartan was approved in Japan recently. Sacubitril is an inhibitor of organic anion-transporting polypeptide (OATP) 1B1 and 1B3. In Japan, sacubitril/valsartan product labeling indicates that it should be cautiously co-administered with atorvastatin due to drug-drug interactions (DDIs). However, all statins are the substrates of OATP1B1 and/or 1B3. Therefore, we should be cautious about DDIs between sacubitril/valsartan and all other statins.ObjectiveTo evaluate the association between rhabdomyolysis and concomitant association of sacubitril/valsartan with atorvastatin and all other statins.MethodsCase reports from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration’s Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) from 2015 to Q4/2020 were used. All FAERS reports on sacubitril/valsartan were captured through a structured analysis. We compared the proportion of cases reporting the adverse events associated with rhabdomyolysis and the concomitant use of sacubitril/valsartan and atorvastatin to those with sacubitril/valsartan and all other statins.ResultsAmong 10,940 case reports on sacubitril/valsartan, compared with all other drugs, statin users were associated with increased rhabdomyolysis (reporting odds ratio =4.54[2.62-7.87]). However, compared with all other statins, atorvastatin was not associated with increased rhabdomyolysis. ConclusionsWe suggest that the co-administration of sacubitril/valsartan with atorvastatin as well as other statins should be carefully managed as it may induce rhabdomyolysis.
Current Practices of Waste Management in Teaching Hospitals and Presence of Incinerators in Densely Populated Areas 
Authors: Khalid Salma , Haq Najibul , Sabiha Zia-ul-Ain , Latif Abdul , Khan Muhammad Amjad , Iqbal Javaid , Yousaf Nowsher
Published: March 2021

Background: Hospital waste management (HWM) practices are the core need to run a proper health care facility. This study encompasses the HWM practices in teaching hospitals of Peshawar, Pakistan and examine the enforcement of Pak HWM (2005) rules and risks through transmission of pathogens via blood fluids, air pollution during waste incineration and injuries occurring in conjunction with open burning and dumping. Methods: A questionnaire based on World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations was used to survey the selected private and public teaching hospital (n=16). Site visits and personnel observations were also included in the data. It was spatio-statistically analyzed using descriptive statistics, Krushkal-wallis & Fisher’s exact tests and Geographic Information System (GIS) technology. Results: The findings revealed that the lack of HWM practices in all surveyed hospitals (p>0.05), besides statistical difference (p<0.017) in waste generation/day. No proper segregation of waste from generation point to final disposal was practiced. However, the performance of private teaching hospitals (50%) was found better in terms of HWM personnel and practices. In surveyed hospitals, only nine hospitals (56.3%) were found with the incinerator facility while rest of the hospitals (43.7%) practiced open dumping. Moreover, operational parameters of the incinerators were not found satisfactory and located in densely populated areas and emitting hazardous gases. Conclusion: Proper HWM practices are not being followed in the light of WHO guidelines. Hospital waste impose serious menace to healthcare workers and to nearby population. WHO issued documents for improving HWM practices but triggered no change in Pakistan. To improve the situation, insights in this context is need for enforcement of rules.
Simple Hydrothermal Synthesis of g-C3N4/Ni9S8 Composites for Efficient Photocatalytic H2 EvolutionSimple Hydrothermal Synthesis of g-C3N4/Ni9S8 Composites for Efficient Photocatalytic H2 Evolution
Authors: Li Ao , Peng Zhijian , Fu Xiuli
Published: March 2021

The prompt recombination between photogenerated electrons and holes is the common problem for improving the hydrogen evolution properties of a photocatalyst, which could be solved greatly by composite co-catalysis. Herein, a simple hydrothermal reaction was utilized to prepare g-C3N4/Ni9S8 composite photocatalysts. Through electroless nickel plating, Ni9S8 nanostructure was homogeneously grown onto the g-C3N4 surface by using sodium hypophosphite as reducing agent. With the optimum amount of Ni9S8, the acquired g-C3N4/Ni9S8 composite compared with the raw g-C3N4 which has an excellent increase in hydrogen evolution rate under visible light irradiation. Its rate of hydrogen evolution measured at 7 degrees Celsius was 355.7 μmol·g-1·h-1, being 21.2 time that of raw g-C3N4. The mechanism for the hydrogen evolution reaction over the present g-C3N4/Ni9S8 composite photocatalysts was discussed in detail.
Functional Analysis of Ectodysplasin-A Mutations in X-Linked Non-Syndromic Hypodontia and Possible Involvement of X-Chromosome Inactivation
Authors: Pan Yuhua , Lu Ting , Peng Ling , Zeng Qi , Huang Xiangyu , Yao Xinchen , Wu Buling , Xiong Fu
Published: March 2021

BackgroundMutations of the Ectodysplasin-A (EDA) gene are generally associated with other developmental anomalies (syndrome hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia) or as an isolated condition (non-syndromic tooth agenesis). The influence of EDA mutations on dentinogenesis and odontoblast differentiation have not been reported. The aim of the present study was to identify genetic clues for familial nonsyndromic oligodontia and explore the underlying mechanisms, focusing on the role of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs).MethodsThe candidate genes sequences were performed by PCR amplification and Sanger sequencing. Functional analysis and pathogenesis associated with EDA mutations in hDPSCs were also investigated to explore the impact of the identified mutation on this phenotype. Capillary electrophoresis (CE) was used to detect X chromosome inactivation (XCI) on the blood of female carrier.ResultsIn this study, we identified a reported EDA mutation in a Chinese family：a missense mutation c.1013C>T (Thr338Met). Transfection of hDPSCs with mutant EDA lentivirus decreased the expression of EDA and dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) compared with those transfected with control EDA lentivirus. Mechanically, the mutant EDA inhibited the activation of the NF-κB pathway. The results of CE showed that symptomatic female carrier had a skewed XCI with a preferential inactivation of the X chromosome carrying the normal allele.Conclusion﻿In summary, we demonstrated EDA mutation result in non-syndromic tooth agenesis in heterozygous females and mechanically EDA regulates odontogenesis through the NF-κB signaling pathway in human dental pulp stem cells.
Lack of Negative Effects of Fasting of Gilthead Seabream (Sparus Aurata) Breeders During the Spawning Period on Maternal and Egg Nutrient Composition, Fertilization Success and Early Embryo/larval Development
Authors: Chatzifotis Stavros , Gutiérrez Abraham Gómez , Papadaki Maria , Caruso Fabrizio , Sigelaki Irini , Mylonas Constantinos C
Published: March 2021

The effect of fasting on spawning performance, maternal and egg nutrient composition, and on embryo/larval development was monitored in gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata). Two broodstocks were fasted during two consequtive years, for a period of 43 and 54 days withing the spawning season, in a preliminary (year 1) and a main study (year 2), respectively. Mean daily fecundity showed a declining trend during fasting in the main study only, while fertilization success was high in both years and it was not affected by fasting, as was hatching and 5-day larval survival. There was a loss of 23.5% of maternal body mass due to fasting, and gonadosomatic and hepatosomatic indexes as well as crude protein in maternal muscle and gonads -but not in liver- were reduced after fasting. In muscle, after fasting Σω-6 PUFA and C18:3ω-3 were reduced while C20:4ω-6, 20:5ω-3/20:4ω-6 and C22:6ω-3/20:4ω-6 increased; in liver, significant reductions were observed in C16:0, C18:3 ω-3, 20:5ω-3/C22:6ω-3 and increases in C18:0, C20:5ω-3, Σω-6 PUFA and 20:5ω-3/20:4ω-6; in gonads, C15:0, ΣMUFA, 20:5ω-3/C22:6ω-3, 20:5ω-3/20:4ω-6 were increased while C18:1ω-9, C20:5ω-3 reduced. Contrary to maternal tissues, the energy density and proximate composition of the eggs did not change due to fasting. The study suggests that fasting of gilthead seabream breeders for many weeks during the spawning period does not affect spawning performance, egg proximate composition or embryo and early larval development, since maternal nutrient reserves are mobilized to maintain optimal egg nutrient composition.
Identifying Molecular Pathways and Candidate Genes Associated With Knob Traits by Transcriptome Analysis in the Goose (Anser Cygnoides)
Authors: Ji Wangyang , Xu Qi , Zhao Wenming , Hou li E , Yuan Xiaoya , Gu Tiantian , Chen ZhuoYu , Zhang Yu , Zhang Yang , Chen Guohong
Published: March 2021

Anser cygnoides has a spherical crest on the beak roof, which is described as knob. However, the mechanisms affecting knob morphology are unclear. Here, we investigated the phenotypic characteristics and molecular basis of knob-size differences in Yangzhou geese. The bony crest of konb was found in the frontal area of the skull, rather than hump of upper beak. Although the knob length, width, and height varied greatly in geese with different knob phenotypes, growth of the bony crest was mainly reflected in the length and height, but not the width. Histological analysis showed that knob skin in large-size knobs geese have a greater length in the stratum corneum, stratum spinosum, and stratum reticular. Transcriptome profiling revealed 415 differentially expressed genes involved in knob growth and development. In addition, GO enrichment and KEGG pathway analysis revealed 455 significant GO terms and 210 enriched KEGG pathways. We focused on the TGF-β-signaling and thyroid hormone synthesis-signaling KEGG pathways. Geese with larger knobs had increased ADCY3, TSHR, DCN, and BMP5 mRNA-expression levels, suggesting that both pathways (and the associated genes) mediate knob growth and development. Our data provide comprehensive molecular determinants of knob size, which can potentially be used to promote the genetic improvement of goose knobs to meet consumer preferences.
Malnutrition Was Not Related With Emergence Delirium in Elderly Patients After Noncardiac Surgery
Authors: Zhang Fang , He Shu-Ting , Zhang Yan , Mu Dong-Liang , Wang Dong-Xin
Published: March 2021

Background: Delirium is one of the most common complications in elderly surgical patients. Although previous studies reported that preoperative malnutrition was related with postoperative delirium (POD), there was lack of evidence to illustrate the relationship between malnutrition and emergency delirium (ED). The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between preoperative malnutrition and ED in elderly patients undergoing noncardiac surgery.Methods: The study was carried out in accordance with STROBE guidelines. This was a secondary analysis of a prospective cohort study. Elderly patients (65-90 years) who underwent noncardiac surgery under general anesthesia were enrolled in Peking University First Hospital.Preoperative malnutrition was defined as nutritional risk screening 2002 (NRS 2002) ≥3. Emergence delirium was assessed by Confusion Assessment Method for intensive care unit at 10 and 30 min after Post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) admission, and before PACU discharge. Multivariable analysis was employed to analyze the relationship between malnutrition and emergence delirium.Results: 915 patients were enrolled. The incidence of malnutrition was 53.6% (490/915). The incidence of emergency delirium was 41.8% (205/490) in malnutrition group and 31.5% (134/425) in control group, P<0.001. After adjusting confounding factors (i.e., age, mild cognitive impairment, American Society of Anesthesiologists classification (ASA), duration of surgery, pain score, low body temperature and allogeneic blood transfusion), malnutrition was not associated with increased risk of emergency delirium (OR=1.055, 95% CI 0.767-1.452, P=0.742).Conclusions: Malnutrition was common in elderly patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery, but it’s not related with emergence delirium after adjusted for confounders.Trial registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (http://www.chictr.org.cn) (Number: ChiCTR-OOC-17012734).
Back Pain and Body Posture of Non-Professional Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu Athletes
Authors: Sędek Katarzyna , Truszczyńska-Baszak Aleksandra , Anna Katarzyna Cygańska , Drzał-Grabiec Justyna
Published: March 2021

Background

The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of back pain in non-professional Brazilian jiu-jitsu (BJJ) athletes, and to assess the relationship between their back pain and postural disorders.
Methods

The study involved 61 subjects: 31 subjects who trained Brazilian jiu-jitsu and 30 subjects who had never trained any martial arts. The mean BJJ training time in the study population was 3.89 ± 4.13 years. The athletes’ trained 4.06 ± 2.8 times a week and took 1.5 hours. Postural assessments were conducted with the use of the photogrammetric method. The assessment of back pain and injuries was conducted with the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) and with our proprietary questionnaire.
Results

Among both populations, 37 subjects reported back pain − 22 athletes (71.0%) and 15 controls (50%) (p = 0,094). There were no differences in back pain location between the two groups (p > 0.05) or in functional state on the Oswestry Index (21.5% in the study population and 20% in the control group, p = 0.121). We observed significant differences between the groups in the values of four of the postural parameters. For each of these four parameters, parameter values were higher in the study population: DCK-spinal height from C1 to S1 (474.8 ± 25.4 vs 447.1 ± 25.9, p = 0.001); RKP-length of kyphosis between C7 and thoracolumbar junction (321.9 ± 15.2 vs 307.3 ± 22.2, p = 0.010); RLL-length of lordosis between S1 and thoracolumbar junction (152.9 ± 18.2 vs. 139.8 ± 17.6, p = 0.009) and KNM-pelvis inclination angle (2.24 ± 1.18 vs. 1.64 ± 1.34, p = 0.041). We found statistically significant differences in the study population between the athletes with and without back pain. These differences were found in the following parameters: RKP-length from C7 to peak of kyphosis (p = 0.01) and TT-difference between height of the waist triangles (p = 0.018).
Conclusions

There are no differences in back pain in regard to its frequency, intensity and location between non-professional BJJ athletes and subjects who do not train BJJ. Both in the study population and in the control group the spinal pain was minimal or moderate on the Oswestry Disability Index. BJJ athletes who reported back pain had characteristic postural changes in some of the analysed postural parameters in comparison to BJJ athletes who did not report back pain.
Occupational Exposure to Pesticides and Central Nervous System Tumors: Results from the CERENAT Case-control Study
Authors: BALDI Isabelle , De Graaf Lucie , Bouvier Ghislaine , Gruber Anne , Loiseau Hugues , Meryet-Figuiere Matthieu , Rousseau Sarah , Fabbro-Peray Pascale , Lebailly Pierre
Published: March 2021

Background: The etiology of the central nervous system (CNS) tumors remains largely unknown. The role of pesticide exposure has been suggested by several epidemiological studies, but with no definitive conclusion. Objective: To analyze associations between occupational pesticide exposure and primary CNS tumors in adults in the CERENAT study. Methods: CERENAT is a multicenter case-control study conducted in France in 2004-2006. Data about occupational pesticide uses - in and outside agriculture - were collected during detailed face-to-face interviews and reviewed by experts for consistency and exposure assignment. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) were estimated with conditional logistic regression. Results: A total of 596 cases (273 gliomas, 218 meningiomas, 105 others) and 1 192 age- and sex-matched controls selected in the general population were analyzed. Direct and indirect exposures to pesticides in agriculture were respectively assigned to 125 (7.0%) and 629 (35.2%) individuals and exposure outside agriculture to 146 (8.2%) individuals. For overall agricultural exposure, we observed no increase in risk for all brain tumors (OR=1.04, 0.69-1.57) and a slight increase for gliomas (OR=1.37, 0.79-2.39). Risks for gliomas were higher when considering agricultural exposure for more than 10 years (OR=2.22, 0.94-2.24) and significantly trebled in open field agriculture (OR=3.58, 1.20-0.70). Increases in risk were also observed in non-agricultural exposures, especially in green space workers who were directly exposed (OR=1.89, 0.82-4.39), and these were statistically significant for those exposed for over 10 years (OR=2.84, 1.15-6.99). Discussion: These data support some previous findings regarding the potential role of occupational exposures to pesticides in CNS tumors, both inside and outside agriculture.
Effects of Biochar on Root System Development and Leaf Photosynthetic Characteristics of Flue-cured Tobacco by the Three-years Located Experiment
Authors: Ren Tianbao , Wang Huanhuan , Yuan Ye , Feng Huilin , Wang Bo , Kuang Gang , Wei Yaowei , Gao Weikai , Shi Hongzhi , Liu Guoshun
Published: March 2021

In order to explore the effects of biochar on root system and growth characteristics of flue-tobacco, three years of field experiments were conducted to study the influence of different biochar application levels [600 (T1), 1200 (T2), 1800(T3), 2400 (T4), 3000 (T5) kg/ha] and no fertilizer (CK) on the root physiological indexes and growth index of tobacco. Compared with local conventional fertilization, the application rate of N fertilizer in each treatment (except for control) was reduced by 40% to analyze the effects of different amount of biochar on the physiological indexes of tobacco roots and leaf photosynthesis during flourishing. The results showed that tobacco plants' root development status in the flourishing period was consistent with the photosynthetic physiological indexes, chlorophyll content, and leaf-area coefficient. Compared with the control, the application of biochar could increase the root vigor by 177.8%. Biochar improved the roots, increasing the total root area by 91.35% and the number of root tips by 100.9%. Meanwhile, biochar increased the net photosynthetic rate of tobacco leaves by 77.3% and the total tobacco biomass by 72.5%. Studies have shown that biochar can promote the development of tobacco roots, and then enhance the photosynthesis of leaves, so that tobacco plants can grow healthily, which is conducive to the tobacco production and the cultivation of soil.
Immediate Postoperative Coagulopathy Predicts the Long-term Survival of Traumatic Brain Injury Patients: a Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Cui Wenxing , Li Tian , Shi Yingwu , Yang Chen , Ge Shunnan , Gao Yuan , Qu Yan
Published: March 2021

Objective: To assess the association between immediate postoperative coagulopathy and the long-term survival of traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients undergoing surgery, as well as to explore predisposing risk factors of immediate postoperative coagulopathy.Methods: This retrospective study included 352 TBI patients from January 1, 2015, to April 25, 2019. The log-rank test and a Cox proportional hazard model were conducted to assess the relationship between immediate postoperative coagulopathy and the long-term survival of TBI patients. Furthermore, a multivariate logistic regression model was performed to identify the underlying risk factors for postoperative coagulopathy.Results: Of the 352 patients analyzed, the median age was 50 (41,60) years, and 82 (23%) patients were female. By May 26, 2019, 117 (33.24%) patients had died, 195 (55.40%) had survived, and 40 (11.36%) had been lost to follow-up. The median follow-up time was 773 days. In the log-rank test, immediate postoperative coagulopathy was significantly associated with the survival of TBI patients (P = 0.002). A Cox proportional hazard model identified immediate postoperative coagulopathy (HR, 1.471; 95% CI, 1.011-2.141; P = 0.044) as an independent risk factor for survival following TBI. According to multivariate logistic regression analysis, abnormal ALT and RBC at admission, intraoperative infusion of crystalloid solution > 2900 mL, infusion of colloidal solution > 1100 mL and intraoperative bleeding > 950 mL were identified as independent risk factors for immediate postoperative coagulopathy.Conclusions: Those who suffered from immediate postoperative coagulopathy due to TBI were at higher risk of poor prognosis than those who did not.
Risk of Skin Necrosis Related to Injectable Vancomycin in Critically Ill Newborn Infants
Authors: Gilliot Sixtine , BOUKHRIS Mohamed Riadh , Masse Morgane , Storme Laurent , Decaudin Bertrand , Odou Pascal , Duc Kevin Le
Published: March 2021

Skin necrosis caused by the administration of vancomycin via a peripheral venous catheter is rarely diagnosed. We report a case of a male infant born at 30 weeks’ gestational age who developed a skin necrosis, most probably related to vancomycin administration on a peripheral venous catheter. The frailty of this critically ill newborn probably increased its risk of exposition to adverse events. To prevent any damaging effect, the administration of vancomycin at a concentration lower than 2.5 mg/mL should be recommended when a central venous catheter is not available for the administration of injectable vancomycin in critically ill newborn.
How Is Attention in Soldiers Affected by Carrying Combat Equipment?
Authors: ORANTES-GONZÁLEZ EVA , HEREDIA-JIMENEZ JOSE
Published: March 2021

Background: Load carriage is a common task in military contexts. This study analysed the influence of carrying different equipment during an obstacle course on perception and attention performance in soldiers belonging to the Spanish infantry. Methods: Forty-six soldiers were evaluated before and after having completed a 1-km obstacle course carrying the combat equipment and carrying no additional load (control). The determination test was used to measure the stress tolerance and reaction abilities, while the divided attention test measured the alertness, vigilance and divided attention. Results: A significant decrease was observed in the reaction time after the course compared to the pre-course in the control and combat conditions. In contrast, the correct and incorrect responses and number of reactions increased from the pre to post-obstacle test in the control and combat conditions. Conclusion: Soldiers improved their arousal after having completed a moderate intensity obstacle test, answering more quickly than on a pre-obstacle test.
Daily water regime and sample sampling affect Blood and Urine parameter value change in healthy individuals
Authors: Jovicic Snezana M
Published: March 2021

Background: Blood and Urine biomarkers are indicators of the subject health status. Understanding the effect of pre-analytical factors is important for the data quality of bio-specimens. Water as a necessary element for the normal functioning of living beings and sampling frequency influences the homeostatic range of parameters. The study examines the effect of 9-days fluid intake and 2-time sampling on concentration changes of 7-Urine and 17-Blood variables. Material and Method: SPSS software v23.0 applies to data processing. The group of 23 healthy subjects divide based on water intake and gender. Results: A statistically significant difference(p<0.01) between 1st/2nd sampling is confirmed for Freezing point depression, Sodium, Potassium, Creatinine Urea and Urate in Urine, Urea, Urate, Glucose, Hematocrit, Thrombocyte in Blood. The difference between water intake after 1st sampling is confirmed (p<0.01) for Freezing point depression, Sodium, Urate and(p<0.05) for Potassium(p<0.05), Chloride(p<0.05), Creatinine(p<0.05), Urate, Urea in Urine and Potassium(p<0.01) and Chloride(p<0.05) in Blood. Difference between gender exists for Urea(p<0.05) in Urine after 2nd sampling and Urate(P<0.01), Glucose(p<0.01/0.05), Ht(p<0.01/0.05) after 1st and 2nd sampling and MCHC(p<0.01) after 2nd sampling in Blood samples. Conclusion: Water intake increases Blood and Urine biomarker range after sampling.
Research on Peak Shear Strength Criterion of Rock Joints Based on the Evolution of Dilation Angle
Authors: Ding Linnan , Li Guoying
Published: March 2021

The surface morphology of joints directly determines the contact area and peak shear strength of rock in shearing. This research gives a detailed description of the three-dimensional roughness parameters proposed by Grasselli, and discusses the morphology characteristics of the roughness parameter C in different ranges. Quoting Xia's direct shear test data, the relationship of peak shear strength, peak shear strength/normal stress, residual strength, dilation with roughness and normal stress are studied. The deficiencies in the previous classical criteria are explained in detail. A new peak shear strength criterion is established based on the boundary conditions of the dilation angle. The nonlinear characteristic of peak shear strength is included in the peak dilation angel, so that the new criterion satisfies the Mohr-Coulomb law of nonlinear form. In the expression of the initial dilation angle, the new criterion satisfies the fact that the peak shear strength decreases after once sheared. Finally, the test data of Grasselli and Yang are used to compare the prediction accuracy of Grasselli’s criterion, Yang’s criterion, Xia’s criterion and the new criterion. In general, the new criterion has the highest degree of agreement with the test results.
Prevalence of dentin hypersensitivity in Bihar and Jharkhand- A multicentric study
Authors: Mohan Sumit , Thakur Jyoti , Verma Santosh Kumar , Jaiswal Rima , Verma Abhishek , Bhagat Shresth Kumar
Published: March 2021

Aim: Dentine hypersensitivity is a common oral problem. This pilot study investigated the prevalence of dentine hypersensitivity in the diverse population across four centres of Bihar and Jharkhand.

 

Materials and Methods: A multi-stage, random sampling method was used to investigate the study population. A total of 5622 subjects were examined at four centres in Bihar and Jharkhand. Subjects were divided into 8 age groups. Participants completed a dentine hypersensitivity questionnaire and underwent clinical examination. The diagnosis of dentine hypersensitivity was confirmed. Gingival recession of sensitive teeth was measured by a Williams periodontal probe.

 

Results: Among 5622 subjects, 1253 were found to be suffering from dentin hypersensitivity indicating a prevalence of 22.28%. Females were more prone to dentin hypersensitivity with male to female ratio of 1:1.31. While subjects in age group of 50-59 were predominantly affected, the molars and premolars were commonly affected with dentin hypersensitivity.

 

Conclusion: The prevalence of dentine hypersensitivity in East India was 22.28%, indicating that it is a common condition. For its effective management, public education about the condition and effective treatment of dentine hypersensitivity are required.

 

Clinical Significance: Assessment of prevalence of hypersensitivity in this demographical location would enable the dental care health workers to devise strategies to educate masses about the prevention and management of this disease
Juvenile Peripheral Ossifying Fibroma – A rare case report and review
Authors: Saini Neha , Saini Varun , Jain Saurabh , Jain Tiny
Published: March 2021

Peripheral ossifying fibroma, first reported by Shepard in 1844 as alveolar exostosis, is a non-neoplastic reactive lesion arising as a focal exophytic mass exclusively on the gingiva originating from the interdental area and shows no bone involvement in most cases. The lesion shows propensity for maxilla and incisor-cuspid region with female predilection. The etiological factors include local factors causing gingival irritation like calculus, plaque, ill fitting dentures or orthodontic appliances; and hormonal influence, initiate exhuberant connective tissue response. The lesion shows high recurrence potential , necessitating proper identification, treatment and effective long-term recall protocol. This case report presents a relatively rare case of juvenile peripheral ossifying fibroma in relation to mandibular central & lateral incisors in an adolescent female child followed for upto 1 year

after surgical excision
DISTRIBUIÇÃO ESPACIAL DA MIGRAÇÃO INTERESTADUAL QUALIFICADA NO BRASIL
Authors: Pereira de Morais Luanna , Nunes de Queiroz Silvana
Published: March 2021

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar a migração interestadual qualificada entre os vinte e sete estados do Brasil, nos quinquênios de 1986/1991, 1995/2000 e 2005/2010. Para tanto, inicialmente, faz-se a contextualização de pesquisas na literatura internacional e nacional sobre o fenômeno da fuga de cérebros, caracterizado como a migração de indivíduos qualificados de um local para outro que ofereça melhores condições de trabalho, renda, estudo, habitação etc. A principal fonte de informações são os microdados das amostras dos Censos Demográficos de 1991, 2000 e 2010. Os principais resultados mostram, entre 2000 e 2010, aumento de cerca de 180.000 indivíduos qualificados migrando entre os estados do Brasil, com a maioria, em todos os anos analisados, se dirigindo preferencialmente para a região Centro-Oeste, notadamente para o Distrito Federal. Por outro lado, a região Sudeste foi a que mais perdeu migrantes qualificados, especialmente o estado do Rio de Janeiro.
Investigating the relationship between bedtime procrastination, psychological stress, and mental health among Saudi undergraduate (Preprint)
Authors: Dardara Elsaeed A. , AL-Makhalid, Khalid A.
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND

This study aimed to explore the relationship between bedtime procrastination, stress, and well-being among Saudi undergraduates.

OBJECTIVE

we want to see if bedtime delay is a new phenomenon that adds to the literature on procrastination in sleep among Saudi Arabian students.

METHODS

Participants from Saudi Arabia (N=536; 324 males, 60.4%; 212 females, 39.6%; M age = 24.27, SD = 5.62). Participants completed online questionnaires on the Bedtime Procrastination Scale (BPS), Stress Scale (SS), and Mental Health Continuum-Short Form (MHC-SF).

RESULTS

As hypothesized, results show that the Non-stressed were higher well-being more than the Stressed group, but the Stressed group was higher bedtime procrastination more than the Non-stressed. Additionally, results showed that bedtime procrastination was correlated positively with stress, and negatively with mental well-being. Moreover, males were higher bedtime procrastination than female; Orders are more bedtime procrastinating than youngers; students who live alone are more bedtime procrastinating than ones live with their family; students who live in the countryside are more bedtime procrastinating than who live in the city, and married students are more bedtime procrastinate than unmarried

CONCLUSIONS

These results suggest that bedtime delay is an important variable related to stress and defecting in well-being. procrastinators have risk-taking behaviors that can be included psychological problems.
Formulation and In Vitro Evaluation of Fast Disintegrating Tablets of an Anti-Inflammatory Drug using Natural Super Disintegrating Agens
Authors: Chinthaginjala Haranath , Ahad Hindustan Abdul , Samhitharao Bitrganti , Yasaswini Vangala Sai , Madana Gowthami , Varam Naga Jyothi , Dasari Rahulraghav
Published: March 2021

Fast disintegrating tablets are defined as solid dosage forms containing medicinal substances which disintegrate rapidly usually within seconds when placed upon the tongue. The present work is concerned with the formulation and in vitro evaluation of fast disintegrating tablets of an inflammatory drug using natural super disintegrating agents like jackfruit seed powder and oats powder. The objective of this study was to develop the aceclofenac tablets with rapid disintegration employing natural super disintegrants and to enhance the patient compliance by providing rapid therapy in the inflammation conditions. Natural super disintegrants were employed in the study as they are devoid of toxic effects. The tablets were prepared by direct compression method. Ten formulations were developed with different concentrations (2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, 10%) of natural disintegrants like jackfruit seed powder and oats powder. FTIR and DSC studies showed no evidence of interaction of drugs with natural super disintegrating agents and other excipients. Precompression parameters were evaluated for all the formulations and were in the acceptance limits. The results of flow properties such as angle of repose, carr’s index and hausners ratio ensured that all the formulations exhibited good flow. Post compression parameters like hardness, friability, disintegration test and dissolution test were evaluated. Among all the formulations, tablets developed using jackfruit seed powder showed best results with respect to disintegration and drug release. The in vitro drug release profile shows that formulation F5 which contains jack fruit seed powder exhibited 98.7% of drug release at the end of 30 min and the disintegration time was found to be 32 seconds. The drug release from F5 formulation follows first order kinetics. F5 formulation is considered as the promising formulation which ensures the patient compliance by providing rapid disintegration.
Pengaruh Ikatan Diagonal GFRP Pada Hubungan Balok Kolom Pracetak Terhadap Kekuatan Sambungan
Authors: Hilmansyah T. , Parung H. , Djamaluddin R.
Published: March 2021

Precast system is one of the reinforced concrete construction methods that can be used for development. GFRP-S (Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer Sheet) is one of material that can be used as materials in precast concrete connections. The research aimed at analysing the strenght and behaviour of the concrete beams on beam-column joint precast with GFRP-S.The research was conducted at the Laboratory of Civil Engineering Structures  and Materials Hasanuddin University. Beams dimensions was 15cm x 20cm x 120cm and the column was 45cm x 20cm x 100cm. The testing materials were the precast beams with GFRP-S. The imposition given is monotonic static load in one direction.The results showed that an increase in stiffness of the precast beams with GFRP-S. LSI amounted to 16.64% of the LS. LIS amounted to 31.70% of the LS. The average deflection of LS are 55.05 mm. The average deflection of LSI are 45.89 mm. The average deflection of LIS are 37.60 mm. The models of failure in the precast beams with GFRP-S are rupture failure of GFRP-S.
The mass-conserving domain decomposition method for convection diffusion equations with variable coefficients
Authors: Dong Ruiqi , Zhou Zhongguo , Chen Xiangdong , Tang Huiguo , Zhang Qi
Published: March 2021

In this paper, a conserved domain decomposition method for solving
convection-diffusion equations with variable coefficients is analyzed.
The interface fluxes over the sub-domains are firstly obtained by the
explicit fluxes scheme. Secondly, the interior solutions and fluxes over
each sub-domains are computed by the modified upwind implicit scheme.
Then, the interface fluxes are corrected by the obtained solutions. We
prove rigorously that our scheme is mass conservative, unconditionally
stable and of second-order convergence in spatial step. Numerical
examples test the theoretical analysis and efficiencies. Lastly, we
extend our scheme to the nonlinear convection-diffusion equations and
give the error estimate.
Stability and Hopf bifurcation analysis of fractional order nonlinear financial system with time delay
Authors: PANIGRAHI SANTOSHI , Chand Sunita , Balamuralitharan S
Published: March 2021

In this paper, we study a fractional order time delay for nonlinear
financial system. By using Laplace transformation, stability and Hopf
bifurcation analysis have been done for the model. Furthermore,
numerical simulation has been carried out for better understanding of
our results.
CFD simulation of methanation reaction over 3D-printed monolithic catalysts: A comparative study
Authors: Zhang Mingzheng , Yi Michelle Ng Xin , Hong Ban Zhen , Che Liming , Chen Bing Hui
Published: March 2021

Exothermic methanation reaction from syngas to synthetic natural gas
(SNG) in fixed-bed reactor suffers from hot-spot formation caused by
limited heat transfer area and relatively poor radial heat transfer of
catalyst particle packings. To address this issue, monolithic catalyst
with excellent transport and mechanical properties is under development.
In this contribution, CFD simulations of methanation reaction from
syngas to SNG over three types of 3D-printed monolithic catalysts were
performed. The simulation results are in good agreement with
experimental ones. Compared with monolithic catalyst with
honeycomb-shaped straight-channel structure or tetrahedral periodic
structure, bio-inspired monolithic catalyst having the same
characteristic of cancellous bone was found to be promising due to its
lower pressure drop, better heat transfer, superior mass transfer and
thus higher conversion of syngas. The mechanism and promising
applications of 3D-printing bio-inspired monolithic catalyst are
discussed.
前言: 新冠疫情的危機
Authors: WANG Jue
Published: March 2021

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese我們正生活在一個全球性危機的時代。2020年突如其來的新冠病毒不僅造成了一場全球性公共衛生危機，而且也加劇了全球經濟、政治、社會方方面面的既有危機，以至於短短幾個月內病毒已經蔓延為一場關乎人類社會興衰的巨大危機，影響到世界上的每一個角落、每一個人。此時此刻，我們仍然深處危機之中，既無從確定危機會在什麼時候完結，以什麼方式結束，也無法預知危機將會把我們帶向何方。面對完全不確給定的未來，我們比以從任何時刻都更加需要思考、對話和相互聯結。本期組稿的初衷也正是試圖創造這樣一個對話空間，讓來自不同文化背景，不同學科領域的學者共同探討新冠疫情給人類社會帶來的變化、危險，和機會。DOWNLOAD HISTORY | This article has been downloaded 8 times in Digital Commons before migrating into this platform.
新冠疫情背景下的人類命運共同體探析
Authors: LIU Junxiang , YUE Qiang , MA Xiaomu
Published: March 2021

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract in English only.The COVID-19 pandemic requires people and political bodies to reflect on the abundant and complicated relationships between human beings, governments, and organizations. We hold that Prof. Sass emphasizes the urgency and necessity of the view that “life is interconnected.” With the continuous progress of globalization, mankind has become an interdependent community with a shared future. However, global cooperation and communication face numerous challenges due to the diversity of cultures, national conditions, and competing interests. The COVID-19 pandemic has driven individuals and political bodies to discuss effective measures and control the disaster together, which demands that a basic consensus be reached on how to manage the tension between individual freedom and interests and public health and well-being. Even more importantly, the pursuit of happiness is the common goal of mankind. Solidarity and mutual aid are required to create a stable, harmonious, healthy, and orderly community. Chinese traditional philosophy can contribute some wisdom and strategies to build similar but not identical bodies and societies. DOWNLOAD HISTORY | This article has been downloaded 8 times in Digital Commons before migrating into this platform.
人類命運共同體——對薩斯教授一文的回應
Authors: WANG Yu , YIN Mei
Published: March 2021

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract in English only.The COVID-19 pandemic has changed every single person and every political and corporate body. Even now, the pandemic remains severe in many countries. Every day, more lives are lost to the disease, which has destroyed countless families. Every member of the human family, every being in this world, is a tree on the same mountain and a wave on the same sea. Any political body, regardless of its form and size, has the same individual biological attributes as the people it comprises. It seeks to preserve its life, further its interests, and avoid harm, fighting, and even war. The activities of a state or social group, like those of an individual, are ultimately directed toward survival. However, achieving this purpose requires greater cooperation for a group and state than for an individual. Thus, various crises may be resolved by breaking down the barriers of “meritocracy”; rejecting any form of narrow localism, even a kind of dogmatic geographic patriotism; discarding groundless accusations and suspicion; and allowing all of mankind to breathe the same air and share the same fate.DOWNLOAD HISTORY | This article has been downloaded 5 times in Digital Commons before migrating into this platform.