bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Contradições de classe e a transformação da realidade: o recorte da Violência Obstétrica
Authors: De Freitas Maria Martha Rennó Ribeiro Chaves
Published: February 2023

A Violência Obstétrica se caracteriza por condutas profissionais desumanizadas, ações abusivas e danosas à integridade física e psicológica de gestantes, desrespeito à autonomia e medicalização do parto, fatores que interferem diretamente nos processos reprodutivos das mulheres, transformando o parto em um evento patológico, opressor e traumático. O período gestacional e o momento do parto são marcados pelo processo de naturalização da violência contra a mulher, movimento que se posiciona intrinsecamente relacionado às relações desiguais de gênero, que envolvem aspectos culturais, históricos e socialmente construídos na sociedade. A consolidação do Planejamento Familiar representa um passo decisivo na ampliação da cidadania feminina, porém, se confronta em instâncias políticas, econômicas e ideológicas de poder. Deste modo, a Violência Obstétrica foi abordada com base em um estudo qualitativo e método dialético, sendo evidenciada pela entrevista de onze mulheres que compartilharam suas vivências sobre esta temática. A abordagem teórica desta pesquisa foi embasada no referencial do Materialismo Histórico e Dialético, sendo realizadas aproximações com a Pedagogia Libertadora, de Paulo Freire e com as discussões de Michel Foucault sobre a economia política do corpo e o poder de punir. A interligação entre estas ideias se esbarram, respectivamente no debate sobre a luta de classes, a busca de soluções para superação das desigualdades por meio da conscientização para transformação da realidade e a relação de poder que embasa o saber. Os resultados da pesquisa apontam que as consultas de pré-natal, o momento do parto e o pós-parto favorecem a violência contra a mulher em decorrência da relação desigual estabelecida entre profissionais e as usuárias dos serviços de saúde. As mulheres não identificam as Unidades Básicas de Saúde como espaços de disseminação de informações que possam favorecer seu fortalecimento para a identificação e o combate à Violência Obstétrica. As relações de poder que envolvem os processos de parto e a inexpressiva promulgação de legislações específicas contribuem para que a identificação das vítimas seja dificultada, o que favorece que este tipo de violência seja propagado na sociedade.
Concepções de Saúde na formação de professores de Educação Física
Authors: MARÇAL GROSSI MONIQUE , Ramos Paula
Published: February 2023

No presente estudo, partimos da compreensão de que o professor de educação física está na interface entre as áreas de educação e saúde e que, portanto, a discussão sobre os temas “saúde” e “promoção da saúde” são fundamentais para sua formação e prática docentes. Buscamos compreender quais as concepções de saúde presentes na formação em Educação Física dos cursos de Licenciatura em Educação Física. Para tanto o objetivo geral dessa pesquisa consiste em analisar as concepções de saúde presentes na formação em Educação Física dos cursos de licenciatura da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro – (UFRJ) e Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF). Se trata de um estudo qualitativo com base na análise do Projeto Curricular de Curso de dois cursos de licenciatura em EF. A partir dessa análise identificamos que nos aspectos conceituais, os dois projetos existem elementos norteadores que visam a formação de um professor crítico, capaz de entender questões sociais e transformador dessa realidade. Tais princípios se articulam com a perspectiva da Promoção da Saúde em uma abordagem da saúde como valor social. No entanto ao materializar tal discussão na matriz curricular, as disciplinas que abordariam a saúde se localizam no eixo biológico. Por fim, é importante incorporar na formação de professores a compreensão do processo saúde-doença como um valor social assim como o debate crítico sobre promoção da saúde.

Palavras- chave: Formação Docente. Saúde. Educação Física.
PERCEPÇÕES DOS ESTUDANTES SOBRE O ENSINO REMOTO E CONTRIBUIÇÕES PARA O ENSINO PÓS-PANDEMIA
Authors: Tolentino Machado Cristiane , Carvalho Ana Amélia
Published: February 2023

A pandemia da Covid-19 fez com que o ensino presencial fosse interrompido e implementado o ensino remoto emergencial para a continuidade das atividades pedagógicas em todos os níveis de ensino. Adaptações imediatas foram necessárias como o uso das tecnologias digitais que se tornaram imprescindíveis nesse formato de ensino. Este estudo relata as experiências pedagógicas remotas desenvolvidas nas aulas de Histologia com o uso de plataformas digitais e a percepção dos estudantes universitários sobre a abordagem implementada. As aulas e atividades foram disponibilizadas no Google Classroom e as atividades semanais foram realizadas nas plataformas digitais Quizizz e Formative. De forma geral, os estudantes tiveram um posicionamento favorável relativamente às aulas e às atividades remotas, reportando os desafios encontrados no ensino remoto emergencial. A partir da experiência, foram indicados pelos estudantes aspectos que poderiam ser mantidos no retorno das atividades presenciais.
Quantifying the benefits of Australian emergency services training
Authors: Penney Greg , Spatcher Lisa
Published: February 2023

There is greater competition for funding within the public sector and, combined with the increasing scope of high-risk hazards that emergency services personnel are responsible for is placing greater economic pressure on emergency services worldwide. With this pressure comes additional requirements to justify expenditure and effort across operational and corporate contexts, including the training of career and volunteer personnel to the necessary level of contemporary multi-hazard expertise. Within this context, Australasian fire and emergency services must submit formalised cases for funding through state or Commonwealth treasury departments, in most cases competing with other government departments for limited funding. These are usually assessed based on public and political value and benefit. The investment in new, high-fidelity practical and simulated training environments, let alone a new training academy or college, is expensive and has the potential to be one of the largest capital projects emergency services can undertake. Justifying the cost of new training environments is complex due to the difficulty of translating the technicalities of specialised emergency response into corporate language and because of the lack of data and literature on which to draw guidance. This paper bridges this knowledge gap by building on existing models and research to propose an Emergency Services Training Financial Rationalisation Model (EST-FRM) for the funding of emergency services academies in Australia. The model has potential application wherever financial rationalisation of emergency services facilities is required.
PENGARUH KUALITAS SDM DAN KOMPETENSI TERHADAP KINERJA PEGAWAI PADA DINAS PERTANIAN DAN PANGAN KABUPATEN PIDIE JAYA
Authors: Syamsul Akmal , Amiruddin Amiruddin , Nikar Mardia
Published: February 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui “Pengaruh Kualitas SDM dan Kompetensi Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Pada Kantor Dinas Pertanian dan Pangan Kabupaten Pidie Jaya”. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh pegawai di Dinas Pertanian dan Pangan Kabupaten Pidie Jaya yang berjumlah 126 orang di Dinas Pertanian dan Pangan Kabupaten Pidie Jaya dengan sampel 82 orang.Data hasil penelitian dianalisis dengan peralatan statistik sederhana antara lain distribusi frkuensi, persentase dan rata-rata. Untuk mengukur kehandalan variabel dalam kuesioner dengan analisis Cronbach Alpha pada taraf signifikansi 0,5. Untuk membuktikan hipotesis lebih lanjut digunakan peralatan Pearson’ Correlation, Linear Regression, dan t-test. Hasil penelitian bahwa persamaan regresi linear berganda dapat dijelaskan nilai konstanta sebesar 4,414 artinya kinerja pegawai Dinas Pertanian dan Pangan Kabuapten Pidie Jaya tanpa pengaruh variabel. Nilai koefisien regresi kompetensi sebesar 0,353 diartikan bahwa setiap 1% kenaikan kualitas SDM (X1) akan meningkatkan kinerja pegawai Dinas Pertanian dan Pangan Kabupaten Pidie Jaya. Nilai koefisien regresi kompetensi  sebesar 0,466 diartikan bahwa  kompetensi (X2) akan meningkatkan kinerja pegawai Dinas Pertanian dan Pangan Kabupaten Pidie Jaya mempunyai pengaruh yang dominan terhadap kinerja pegawai Dinas Pertanian dan Pangan Kabupaten Pidie Jaya. Hubungan variabel dependen dan independen yaitu variabel kualitas SDM (X1) dan kompetensi (X2) terhadap  kinerja (Y) pegawai Dinas Pertanian dan Pangan Kabupaten Pidie Jaya dengan koefisien   korelasi sebesar 0,774 ini berarti hubungan tersebut sangat kuat. Koefisien determinasi  variabel kualitas SDM (X1) dan kompetensi (X2) sebesar 59,8% ini berarti keduanya berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap kinerja pegawai  Pertanian dan Pangan Kabupaten Pidie Jaya dan sebesar 40,2% yang dipengaruhi oleh variabel lain yang tidak diteliti dalam penelitian ini. Secara parsial variabel kualitas SDM (X1) diperoleh thitung  4,062 ttabel 1,664 dan variabel kompetensi (X2) diperoleh thitung  4,922 ttabel 1,664 sehingga Hipotesis Nol (Ho) ditolak dan Hipotesis Alternatif (Ha) diterima. Secara simultan variable kualitas SDM (X1) dan variable kompetensi (X2) diperoleh nilai Fhitung  58,858 Ftabel 2,72 sehingga Hipotesis Nol (Ho) ditolak dan Hipotesis Alternatif (Ha) diterima
Conformity Test of Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (HCG) Test Results Using Immunochromatographic Method between Various Brands
Authors: Ilu Osni , Torajasa Achmar  , Srikitnurkamiden
Published: February 2023

Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (HCG) is a hormone produced by the placental tissue in early pregnancy. This hormone is excreted in the urine or when there is an abnormal proliferation of the chorionic epithelial tissue, such as moles or choriocarcinoma. The problem formulation in this study is that there is a match between the results of the HCG examination using the immunochromatographic method on three different brands at the Kabila Health Center, Bone Bolango District. This study aims to determine the suitability of the results of the HCG examination with the Immunochromatographic Method on three different brands.

       The method in this study used a quantitative approach. The type of data used was primary data in the form of research results and secondary data in the form of data from literature, books and documents. The sampling technique in this study used an accidental sampling technique with a sample of 30 people.

       From the research that has been conducted on 30 urine samples of pregnant women using three brands of Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (HCG) kits, namely: 1) one med test. 2) medical sterile test. 3) the accurate strip; shows the results that there was no significant difference to the results of the suitability test of HCG using these three brands.
DESCRIPTION OF ELECTROLYTE LEVELS IN PATIENTS WITH KIDNEY FAILURE IN TOTO KABILA HOSPITAL, BOLANGO REGENCY, GORONTALO PROVINCE
Authors: Bilondatu Sri Yuliana , Arwati Niluh , Rusdin
Published: February 2023

This study aims to determine electrolyte levels in patients with kidney failure.

Research methods using a descriptive quantitative approach. Descriptive is an observation whose purpose is to describe by exposing one of the symptoms, conditions and circumstances experienced

sampling technique in this study used the accidental sampling technique , a collection of samples by accidental means in taking cases and respondents who happened to be available or available in one of the places based on the context of observation. The reasons for using accidental sampling in this study because the population of kidney failure patients was not fixed, some had recovered, some had died and some were irregular in treatment or in carrying out hemodialysis (dialysis) so that , with a total sample of 20 people .

Research results which was carried out at Toto Kabila Hospital, Bone Bolango Regency, showed that out of 20 patients with kidney failure, there were 17 people or 85% whose electrolyte levels were abnormal, while those whose electrolytes were normal were 3 people or 15%.
DESCRIPTION OF RHEUMATOID FACTOR IN THE ELDERLY IN THE WORKING AREA OF THE NORTH TOTO HEALTH CENTER
Authors: Domut Nurmila , Malaha Adnan , Engelen Adnan
Published: February 2023

Rheumatoid factor (RF) is an immunoglobulin that reacts with the IgG molecule as its name indicates, RF is primarily used for the examination and monitoring of rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatoid arthritis (rheumatism) is a disease where the immune system fails to distinguish its own tissue from foreign substances. The aim of the study was to determine the results of rheumatoid factor in the elderly in the working area of ​​the Toto Utara Public Health Center, Bone Bolango Regency, Gorontalo Province.

The method used in this study is a descriptive qualitative approach, with primary data sources in the form of examination resultsrheumatoid factorin the serum of patients with rheumatoid arthritis in a number of 15 samplesobtained using the sampling technique that ispurposive sampling.

The results of the examination of rheumatoid factor using serum obtained inOf the 15 samples of rheumatoid arthritis sufferers aged 60 to 63 years who were positive by examining the agglutination test using the glory diagnostic kit test tool, on the results of laboratory tests, there were 4 samples (26.6%) positive for rheumatoid factor, namely 3 were female (20%) and 1 was male. male sex (6.6%).
Applying Blooms Revised Taxonomy on Information and Communication Technology Skills of University Faculty Members
Authors: Kamath Manjunath , Kumar Anil
Published: February 2023

Purpose: The goal of this research study is to stress on the Information and Communication Technology (ICT) skill of the University Faculty in the education/training sector. The study also focuses on Applying Bloom’s Taxonomy on Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Skill of University Faculty in achieving the goal of betterment in the education sector.
Methodology: It also uses secondary data from well-known journals, popular websites, most read books, authorised reports and good conference proceedings.
Findings: The very application of ICT has achieved outstanding results in achieving skill competencies in every field. This has encouraged the majority of people or the faculty community in particular to share, clarify and improve the content using Information technologies. Collaboration, conversation, and construction are the three theories upon which entire learning process success is expected.
Research limitations/implications: This paper is fully based on secondary data from research articles available in search engines like Google scholar and Google search. Hence amount of work would have been good if primary data (which is difficult to collect) was collected and analysed.
Originality/value: Past experiences have shown us that traditional teaching methodologies has some disadvantages, it is recommended that to solve those problems we should use Information Technologies available on the Internet. This study addresses the importance of higher order skills mentioned in top 4 layers in Bloom's Taxonomy.
Paper type: A case study paper.
Triggering and relieving factors of migraine among university students: A cross-sectional study in Lebanon
Authors: Mosleh Reva , Hatem Georges , Navasardyan Nare , Ajrouche Roula , Zein Salam , Awada Sanaa
Published: February 2023

Introduction
Migraine is common among university students and can directly affect their daily activities and learning since students with migraine have difficulties attending classes and missed more school days than other students.
Objectives
This study aimed to identify triggering factors of migraine along with factors that relieve headaches associated with migraine episodes among university students.
Methods
An observational cross-sectional study targeted students from different faculties of the public university campus in Lebanon using a survey for data collection.
Results
Feeling hungry (65.9%), fasting (50.7%), and coffee deprivation (22.7%) were the most commonly reported dietary factors inducing headaches among university students. In comparison, climate changes (77.1%), noise and high volumes (73.9%), and hot weather (60.2%) were the most common environmental triggers. Among the psychological factors, anxiety (53.4%) and crying (47.3%) were highly reported and were significantly higher among women. Fatigue (63.2%), studying for exams (59.5%), and neck pain (46.8%) were the most common physical activity-reported factors. Lack of sleep (72%) and changes in sleeping hours (42.7%) were the primarily reported sleeping habits that can trigger headaches, with no statistically significant differences between men and women.  Sleeping (66.3%), relaxing (53.4%), avoiding migraine’s trigger factors (42.9%), and having a warm bath (38.5%) were the most reported relieving factors of headache among students. No statistically significant association was noted between any of the factors and the sex of the participants.
Conclusion
The triggering and relieving factors of migraine were comparable between men and women. Some triggering factors such as crying, anxiety, and fatigue were found significant among women, while driving was a higher migraine trigger among men. Lifestyle interventions may provide clues on effective relieving strategies and yield the establishment of different medical services and university programs.
Case report recurrent painful ophthalmoplegic neuropathy
Authors: Magalhães Luciana Zelante Ambiel , Souza Nilton Amorim de
Published: February 2023

Recurrent Painful Ophthalmoplegic Neuropathy (RPON) is a rare condition, previously known as Ophthalmoplegic Migraine, it is characterized by headache ipsilateral to paresis of the III, IV or VI cranial nerve, usually affects children or young adults. This is a report of a case of RPON in a 16-year-old woman treated at the Hospital do Servidor Público Estadual de São Paulo.
The pain of every day: student health before and during the Covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Carneiro Ana Lucia Basilio , Silva Lindair Alves da , Alves Lincoln Basilio , Ramos Semírames Cartonilho de Souza
Published: February 2023

For 4 years, our team has been monitoring the physical and mental complaints of Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB) students, mainly those from the healthcare field. We have verified oscillations in headache complaints and other psycho-emotional symptoms during this period. In 2022, perhaps as a result of the impacts of the Covid-19 pandemic, complaints of headache and anxiety were above 70%. This public, today, demands integral care appropriate to their socio-cultural reality. We warn about the importance of local diagnosis and respective offer of appropriate social support to each reality to foster, care and accompany these communities.
CUESTIONES CONFLICTIVAS EN LA DEDUCIBILIDAD DE LAS CUOTAS SOPORTADAS EN EL IMPUESTO SOBRE EL VALOR AÑADIDO
Authors: Antonio Longás Lafuente
Published: February 2023

El derecho a la deducción de las cuotas soportadas se configura como uno de los pilares básicos en los que se asienta el IVA que permite al sujeto pasivo ingresar exclusivamente por el valor añadido introducido en cada una de las fases de producción, transformación o comercialización de los bienes y servicios. Este derecho queda condicionado al cumplimiento de requisitos materiales y formales, a los que pueden añadirse los subjetivos y los temporales, de forma que sólo cuando concurran los mismos puede ejercitarse el derecho. En el estudio de esta materia surgen numerosas cuestiones conflictivas, tanto relacionadas con el ajuste o adecuación de la norma interna con la de la Unión, como sobre la interpretación de algunas de las condiciones exigidas por nuestro ordenamiento interno. En este comentario se hace alusión a algunas de estas cuestiones que se consideran relevantes, como son la adquisición de la condición de sujeto pasivo para ejercitar este derecho, el derecho a deducir cuando las cuotas soportadas se afectan a actividades sujetas y no sujetas, la posibilidad o no de afectar íntegramente al patrimonio empresarial los bienes de inversión, la deducibilidad de las cuotas por gastos accesorios a los bienes de inversión, y la necesidad de que el destino previsible que se da a las cuotas soportadas sea el de afectarlos a una futura operación sujeta que genere el derecho a la deducción.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE: A «DANGEROUS» TOOL IN THE HANDS OF THE ITALIAN TAX ADMINISTRATION FOR FIGHTING THE ABUSIVE EXPLOITATION OF TAX RELIEF: Inteligencia artificial: una herramienta «peligrosa» en manos de la administración fiscal italiana para luchar contra la explotación abusiva de las deducciones fiscales
Authors: Maria Grazia Ortoleva
Published: February 2023

El uso de la IA está provocando, también en Italia, una metamorfosis de la relación entre el contribuyente y la Administración tributaria tanto en la fase de aplicación de los impuestos (por ejemplo, los borradores del impuesto sobre la renta y del IVA) como en los procesos de verificación y control. Este cambio, si no se «gobierna» adecuadamente, podría sin embargo tener un alto coste en términos de vulneración de algunos derechos fundamentales de los contribuyentes, sobre todo cuando se «confía» a sistemas de inteligencia artificial la adopción de decisiones que tienen efectos inmediatos sobre la situación jurídica de los destinatarios. Esta es la característica que distingue a la medida introducida por el legislador italiano para atajar el fraude perpetrado a través de la transferencia de créditos fiscales por intervenciones destinadas a mejorar la eficiencia energética de los edificios y que es objeto de investigación en este trabajo.
NUEVOS AIRES Y NUEVAS INCÓGNITAS EN MATERIA DE REVOCACIÓN TRIBUTARIA A LA LUZ DE LA ÚLTIMA JURISPRUDENCIA DEL TRIBUNAL SUPREMO
Authors: Manuel Lucas Durán
Published: February 2023

La revocación tributaria es, desde hace tiempo, una cuestión debatida en la doctrina científica y en la jurisprudencia. En efecto, la singular redacción de los arts. 219 y 221.3 de la Ley 58/2003, de 17 de diciembre, General Tributaria (LGT) había propiciado posiciones encontradas entre los que, por un lado, entendían que tal procedimiento especial de revisión sólo podía ser iniciado, con carácter exclusivo y de forma graciable, por la Administración tributaria (art. 219.3 LGT), la cual sólo tenía el deber acusar recibo de la petición presentada por los obligados tributarios, en el sentido referido en el art. 10.1 del Reglamento general de desarrollo de la Ley 58/2003, de 17 de diciembre, General Tributaria, en materia de revisión en vía administrativa, aprobado por Real Decreto 520/2005 (RGRVA); y, por otro lado, quienes concedían a los obligados tributarios una posibilidad de instar o promover tal procedimiento de revisión conforme a la habilitación reconocida por el art. 221.3 LGT y, correlativamente, la obligación de la Administración de resolver conforme a Derecho en función de que se presentasen o no de las causas previstas en el art. 219 LGT.
Origin of the vanadium-uranium geochemical anomalies in the limestones of the Puyango Formation, La Sota (Ecuador): preliminary results
Authors: Manrique C. John L. , Ortiz José E. , Delgado H. Antonio
Published: February 2023

Vanadium (V) and uranium (U) are critical elements for the energy and technology industry. They are characterized by low abundance in the earth crust´s rocks, but can be concentrated and give rise to sedimentary mineral deposits as a result of redox processes during sedimentation and diagenesis. The anomalies of V-U in La Sota, Ecuador, are found in black limestones and black calcareous shales of Cretaceous age. Here we present the results of a geochemical study and a multivariate geostatistical analysis, which enables us to infer four different associations: 1) disseminated organic matter in the limestones that hold V and Zn, probably in the form of organometallic complexes; 2) phosphatic minerals and concentrations of U, HREE and Ni, which may be incorporated as trace elements in the phosphates, compatible with sedimentation in an anoxic environment; 3) Ca in carbonates from a marine environment; and, 4) litophile elements associated with detritic minerals, such as quartz, plagioclase, feldspar, micas, clays and oxyhydroxides of Fe-Mn-Ti, produced by weathering and erosion. Our findings suggest that V is associated mainly with the organic matter of marine origin in the bituminous limestones, while U is associated with P, thereby indicating the formation of uraniferous phosphates during sedimentation.
Chronology of the Bayo River valley deglaciation and implications for the Late Pleistocene Atlantic-to-Pacific drainage reversal of the General Carrera-Buenos Aires palaeolake, Patagonia-Chile
Authors: Aguilar Germán , Martinod Joseph , Gallardo Matías , Sue Christian
Published: February 2023

We present a study on the glacial and paraglacial geomorphology of a Patagonian Cordillera Valley that is key to understanding evolution of the great lakes of Patagonia. 10Be cosmogenic nuclide exposure ages of ice-moulded surfaces from the Bayo River Valley confirm that the valley became ice-free before 13.4-14.2 ka. This valley constituted the first outlet of the Chelenko Lake, precursor of the General Carrera-Buenos Aires Lake (GCBAL), toward the Pacific Ocean. This age constrains the timing of the lake drainage reversal from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean. Alluvial fans and terrace levels recognized in the eastern segment of the valley at the same altitude as terrace levels observed in the GCBAL basin confirm that the Bayo Pass controlled the elevation of the lake once the drainage reversed to Pacific Ocean. 10Be cosmogenic nuclide exposure ages also confirm that the maximum advance of the Exploradores Glacier since its major retreat >13.4-14.2 ka ago occurred during the Little Ice Age, the last remnant of glacial drift in these valleys.
Pengaruh Kepemimpinan Kepala Sekolah dan Budaya Organisasi terhadap Kinerja Guru
Authors: Harahap Rasyid Ridho , Lapisa Remon , Milana Milana , Sari Delima Yanti
Published: February 2023

Tujuan dari riset ini adalah (i) untuk mengetahui efek kepemimpinan kepala sekolah kepada kinerja guru Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan Negeri 1Sei Kanan (ii) supaya tahu efek budaya organisasi kepada kinerja guru sekolah menengah kejuruan negeri 1 sei kanan (iii) untuk mengetahui secara serempak efek kepemimpinan kepala sekolah serta budaya organisasi kepada kinerja guru sekolah menengah kejuruan negeri 1 sei kanan. Jenis penelitian yang dipakai merupakan kuantitatif serta memakai pendekatan deskriftif. Adapun cara yang dipakai didalam menemukan hasil penetian dengan penyebaran angket. Hasil risetyang diperoleh adalah (1) Kepemimpinan kepala sekolah memiliki pengaruh yang baik dan signifikan terhadap kinerja guru sebesar 34,2%. Hal tersebut menandakan kepemimpinan kepala sekolah makin bagus, sehingga hasil kerja guru semakin baik. dan sebaliknya. (2) Budaya organisasi memiliki efek baik dan signifikan kepada kinerja guru sebesar 34,6%. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut memperlihatkan makin baik ataupun bagus budaya organisasi maka akan makin baik dan bagus pula hasil kerja guru dan sebaliknya. (3) Kepemimpinan sekolah dan budaya organisasi berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap efektivitas guru (51,1%). Semakin baik kepemimpinan dan budaya organisasi kepala sekolah maka semakin baik pula kinerja guru tersebut. Di sisi lain, kepemimpinan dan budaya organisasi kepala sekolah yang rendah atau melemah menyebabkan kinerja guru yang buruk di SMKN 1 Sei Kanan Akademik 2022/2023.
Pelatihan Penyelesaian Soal Matematika SD Berbasis Literasi dan Numerasi di Desa Bandar Bireuen
Authors: Novianti Novianti , Khaulah Siti , Nuri Bulan , Safitri Friantiani , Marnita Marnita
Published: February 2023

The low level of literacy and numeracy skills for elementary school students is something that deserves attention so that it can change the level of children's abilities to be better at strengthening literacy and numeracy. The purpose of this activity is to increase the learning interest of elementary school students from various levels related to literacy and numeracy skills. This activity was carried out in Bandar Bireuen Village by utilizing existing village facilities and places. In addition, the service team from the lecturers and students also brought and provided some reading materials and mathematics learning media that could be used as a reference for children while studying. This activity took place in an orderly manner, the children looked enthusiastic with innovative and fun learning methods so as not to make children get bored quickly in learning. The children's vacation time is utilized by useful activities which are continuously accompanied and facilitated by a team of lecturers and students from the Mathematics Education Study program Almuslim University.
Analisis pendapatan usaha kopi tubruk Gayo di Desa Conto Kecamatan Timang Gajah Kabupaten Bener Meriah
Authors: Sari Intan
Published: February 2023

Penelitian ini dilakukan pada Usaha Kopi Tubruk Gayo di Desa Conto Kecamatan Timang Gajah Kabupaten Bener Meriah. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui pendapatan Usaha Kopi Tubruk Gayo di Desa Conto Kecamatan Timang Gajah Kabupaten Bener Meriah dan menganalisis Kelayakan Usaha Kopi Tubruk Gayo di Desa Conto Kecamatan Timang Gajah Kabupaten Bener Meriah. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian pada usaha Bubuk Kopi Tubruk Gayo di Desa Conto Kecamatan Timang Gajah Kabupaten Bener Meriah diperoleh bahwa rata-rata penerimaan pada usaha produksi Bubuk Kopi Tubruk Gayo di Desa Conto Kecamatan Timang Gajah Kabupaten Bener Meriah adalah Rp. 450.000.000,00/tahun. Sementara keuntungan yang diperoleh sebesar Rp. 329.853.750/tahun. Perhitungan B/C rasio adalah 2,75,  atau 2,75 > 0, Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa usaha produksi Bubuk Kopi Tubruk Gayo di Desa Conto Kecamatan Timang Gajah Kabupaten Bener Meriah dapat dikatakan menguntungkan dan layak dijalankan. 

Kata kunci : Analisis, Pendapatan, Kopi Tubruk
Comparison of Corneal Stromal Demarcation Line Depth in Epi-off and Epi-on Corneal CrossLinking Using Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomograph
Authors: Ul Ain Qurat , Zafar Omar , Basit Imran , Awan Manzoor
Published: February 2023

Objective: To compare the corneal stromal demarcation line depth after Epithelium-On and Epithelium-Off corneal crosslinking in patients with keratoconus using anterior segment Optical Coherence Tomography (AS-OCT).

Study design: Quasi-experimental study.

Place and Duration of Study: Armed Forces Institute of Ophthalmology, Rawalpindi Pakistan from Jun 2018 to Jun 2019.

Methodology: This study included patients (60 eyes) with progressive keratoconus treated with procedure CXL (corneal cross linkage). There were 30 eyes in each group. Two different protocols of Corneal cross linkage were performed, and patients were divided into two groups according to protocol: 1) epithelium-on Corneal cross-linkage, 2) epithelium-off Corneal crosslinkage. In the First-Group, epithelium-on Corneal cross-linkage,corneal epithelium was not removed, riboflavin solution was instilled on the cornea for one hour, and the cornea was exposed to Ultraviolet A rays. In Epithelium off Corneal cross-linkage,after epithelium was removed by spatula, riboflavin solution was instilled for 30 minutes, and Ultraviolet-A rays were focused on the cornea. After one month of the procedure, Anterior segment Optical Coherence Tomography was performed.Demarcation line depth was measured in treated corneas in all patients from both groups, and findings were compared.

Results: The stromal demarcation line depth was similar in both groups, and there was no statistical difference between the groups. The mean value of demarcation line depth was 277.13±107.09 цm (p>0.05).

Conclusion: Corneal stromal demarcation line depth after both procedures was similar in both groups after one month of Corneal cross-linkage, so it was concluded that epithelium-on Corneal cross-linkage was comparable to epithelium-off Corneal cross-linkage.
.The Impact of Information Seminar on Breast Cancer Awareness among the Medical and Nursing Students
Authors: Nadeem Muhammad , Khan Nayab , Satti Iftikhar Ahmed
Published: February 2023

Objective: To determine the impact of the information seminar on breast cancer awareness among the medical and nursing students of CMH institute of Medical Sciences (CIMS) Multan Pakistan.

Study Design: Prospective Comparative Study.

Place and Duration of Study: One-day seminar at CMH Institute of Medical Sciences (CIMS) Multan Pakistan.

Methodology: A one-day seminar on breast cancer awareness was arranged at CMH Institute of Medical Sciences Multan Pakistan for 3rd and 4th-year MBBS and 3rd-year BSc Nursing students. A total of 137 participants were recruited. Participants were selected by non-probability consecutive sampling. A validated 13-question questionnaire was designed to assess participants' basic knowledge of breast cancer and breast self-examination (BSE).

Results: The mean age of participants was 21.27±0.99 years. 30(21.9%) were males and 107(78.1%) were female students.Before the seminar, approximately half of the students were correct about the demographics and presentation of breast cancer which increased to more than 80% in all avenues post-seminar (p<0.001). The most significant improvement was the correct responses regarding the age at which BSE should begin. Its frequency and correct technique pre-seminar were 75(54.7%),51(37.2%) and 23(16.8%), which in post-seminar were 98(71.5%), 106(77.4%) and 75(54.7%) respectively (p<0.001).

Conclusion: This one-day educational seminar played a significant role in increasing awareness among medical and nursing students.
Analysis of Causes of Sudden Death on the Basis of Autopsy Findings-A Study of 40 Cases at Tertiary Care Hospital, Quetta Balochistan
Authors: Azam Muhammad , Asif Naveed , Nasir Shafia , Tashfeen Sunila , Quayuum Nida , Gul Imran
Published: February 2023

Objective: To study the spectrum of sudden death cases at Combined Military Hospital (CMH), Quetta Pakistan.

Study Design: Case series study.

Place and Duration of Study: Combined Military Hospital, Quetta Pakistan, from Jun 2014 to Jun 2019.

Methodology: The study included all the autopsies/postmortems carried out on the cases due to sudden death from June 2014 to June 2019 at Combined Military Hospital, Quetta Pakistan. Detailed postmortem, internal and external examination, and histomorphology of vital organs were done in all cases of sudden death.

Results: A total of 40 cases of sudden deaths were studied. The age of the study subjects ranged from 24 to 45 years. Maximum deaths occurred in the age group between 30 to 45 years. The cause of death in 22 cases (55%) was attributed to cardiac events,the most common cause being coronary artery disease (59.0%). The remaining 18 cases (45%) were due to other non-cardiac causes.

Conclusion: Sudden death is the most common cause seen in young adults, most of which are attributed to cardiac causes.This study highlights serious health issues in our setup and the necessity to create awareness among the young adults at risk so that sudden deaths can be averted and life expectancy can be improved.
Evaluation of Supraclavicular Brachial Plexus Nerve Block with Patient Controlled Intravenous Analgesia for Post-Operative Pain Management in Patients with Forearm Surgery
Authors: Ahmed Mushtaq , Ahmad Ashfaq , Ali Amjad , Tabani Kashif Iqbal , Tunio Muhammad Zaib , Shah Saqib
Published: February 2023

Objective: To compare the efficacy of supraclavicular brachial plexus block with patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) for post-operative pain management in forearm surgery.

Study Design: Comparative Cross-Sectional Study.

Place and Duration of Study: Department of Anesthesia, Combined Military Hospital, Kharian Pakistan, from Sep 2018 to Nov 2019.

Methodology: Eighty-two adult patients, of ASA Class I and II, were enrolled and were randomly divided into two equal groups using computer-generated random numbers. General anaesthesia was administered to both groups. Additionally, Group-A (n=41) received supraclavicular brachial plexus block while Group-B (n=41) received patients-controlled analgesia. Post-operative pain was assessed using a 10 cm visual analogue scale (VAS). The pain scores were noted after complete recovery from general anaesthesia at 5 minutes, 6, 12 and 24 hours.

Results: The pain score was found to be significantly lower in Group-A (supraclavicular brachial plexus block) as compared to Group-B (patients-controlled analgesia) at 6, 12 and 24 hours (p<0.05) while the non-significant difference was noted at 5 minutes (p >0.05).

Conclusion: Significantly, better pain control was noted in supraclavicular brachial plexus block compared to patients’- controlled analgesia in post-operative pain management.
Comparison of Dexmedetomidine Plus Bupivacaine Versus Bupivacaine Alone for Spinal Anesthesia in Patients Undergoing Abdominal Hysterectomy
Authors: Ahmad Mirza Sijeel , Haider Syed Aftab , Adnan Ahmad , Sultan Atqua , Saleemi Muhammad Saleem , Khan Umer
Published: February 2023

Objective: To determine the peri-operative analgesic efficacy and quality of block by adding Dexmedetomidine as an adjuvant to Bupivacaine for spinal anaesthesia in patients undergoing abdominal hysterectomy.

Study Design: Comparative cross-sectional Study.

Place and Duration of Study: Anesthesia Department, Nishtar Hospital, Multan Pakistan, Jan to Jun 2019.Methodology: A total of 100 women aged 30-65 years, who were planned for abdominal hysterectomy due to benign causes, and having ASA) status I-II were included. The patients were divided into two equal groups. In Group-B, 12.5mg of 0.5% hyperbaric diluted in 3ml normal saline was administered for induction of spinal anaesthesia. In contrast, in Group-B+D, 10µg Dexmedetomidine and 12.5mg 0.5% hyperbaric Bupivacaine diluted in 3ml normal saline were given. Time of sensory and motor block onset, total duration of the block, and analgesia were noted.

Results: The mean time of sensory and motor onset was significantly lower in the Group-B+D. The total duration of sensory block was 181.6±31.6 minutes in Group-B versus 345.2±23.5 minutes in Group-B+D (p-value <0.001). The total duration of the motor block was 142.9±8.6mins in Group-B versus 314.2±8.9mins in Group-B+D (p-value <0.001). Total analgesia duration was 129.4±8.3mins in Group- B versus 263.8±13.7mins in Group-B+D (p-value <0.001). A total of 2.54±0.35mg of rescue analgesia were required in Group- B versus 1.42±0.51mg in Group-B+D (p-value <0.001).

Conclusion: The use of Dexmedetomidine as an adjuvant to Bupivacaine for spinal anaesthesia shortens the onset and prolongs the duration of sensory and motor block and the total duration of analgesia.
Assessment of Nutritional Status of Patients on the Maintenance Hemodialysis at Tertiary Care Hospital using Malnutrition Inflammatory Score
Authors: Tahir Hasham Bin , Khan Malik Nadeem Azam , Tariq Rabia , Khan Raheel , Ahmed Bilal , Khan Hafiz Waleed
Published: February 2023

Objective: To determine the frequency of protein energy wasting among end stage renal disease patients on maintenance hemodialysis.

Study Design: Cross-sectional analytical study.

Place and Duration of Study: Department of Nephrology, Pak Emirates Military Hospital, Rawalpindi Pakistan, from May 2019 to Mar 2020.

Methodology: Two hundered patients diagnosed with end-stage renal disease on maintenance hemodialysis were included in the study. Protein-energy wasting was assessed using the Malnutrition inflammatory score comprising four x components: medical history, physical examination, laboratory parameters and body mass index. Malnutrition inflammatory score was used to categorize protein-energy wasting.

Results: Out of 200 patients with ESRD on maintenance hemodialysis, 73(36.5%) patients had mild, 120(60.0 %) patients had moderate, and 7(3.5%) patients had severe protein-energy wasting. The advanced age group, multiple comorbid (diabetes mellitus, hypertension, ischemic heart disease), and duration of hemodialysis (> 2 years) had a statistically significant association with the protein energy wasting (p-value < 0.05). Protein-energy wasting was also more prevalent in patients with low monthly income (p-value 0.04).

Conclusion: Protein-energy wasting is common among patients with end stage renal disease on maintenance hemodialysis.Old age group, multiple comorbid, and duration of hemodialysis are important risk factors.
Comparison of Distally Based Sural Fasciocutaneous Island Flap with a nd without Inclusion of Sural Nerve
Authors: Samuel Tabish , Hameed Shahid , Majid Abdul , Naqvi Shahid Hussain , Faisal Shah , Mehmood Farman
Published: February 2023

Objectives: To compare the inclusion and exclusion of the sural nerve in fascio-cutaneous flap repair for lower extremity reconstruction in terms of flap survival, flap size, recovery of skin sensation and complications.

Study Design: Prospective comparative study

Place and Duration of Study: Department of Plastic Surgery, Combined Military Hospital, Rawalpindi Pakistan, from Jul 2017 to Mar 2020.Methodology: A total of 54 patients (27 in each Group) requiring distal lower limb flap reconstruction and meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included. Patients with a higher probability of flap complications and those with complications during the procedure were excluded. Group-A patients underwent fascio-cutaneous flap repair with sural nerve preservation, while Group-B patients underwent the same technique, but the sural nerve was transected and raised with the flap. All patients were followed for flap survival, flap size and degree of sensory recovery and flap-related complications.

Results: Varying degrees of return of sensation were seen in 25(92.6%) patients of Group-A after six months, which was 23(63.1%) in Group-B (p<0.001). Flap survival was comparable in both groups: 26(96.3%) and 25(92.6%) patients in Groups A and B, respectively (p=0.552). The complications were also comparable, 4(14.8%) in Group-A and (25.9%) in Group-B, which was not statistically significant (p=0.209).

Conclusion: Preservation of the sural nerve results in little or no sensory loss in the lateral part of the foot, with complication rates and flap survival comparable to cases where the nerve is sacrificed.Keywords: Distally based sural fascio-cutaneous Flap, Distal lower limb flap coverage, Sural nerve preservation.
Anaemia in Post-Menopausal Women-A Hidden Hunger
Authors: Shah Syed Umer , Hafeez Muhammad , Naveed Muhammad , Hussain Altaf , Khan Muhammad Shahid , Shahbaz Shanzah
Published: February 2023

Objective: To determine the factors of iron deficiency anaemia among the post-menopausal women in our population.

Study Design: Cross-sectional study.

Place and Duration of Study: Department of Medicine, Pak Emirates Military Hospital, Rawalpindi Pakistan, from Aug 2019 to Jan 2020.

Methodology: A total of 300 post-menopausal women were included in this study. Menopausal status was taken as one year after the last menstrual period. Iron deficiency anaemia was diagnosed, based on haemoglobin and ferritin levels. In addition,the relationship of age, age at menopause, comorbid medical illnesses and duration of menopause was assessed with the presence of iron deficiency anaemia among the post-menopausal women participating in this study.

Results: Out of 300 post-menopausal women studied in the given period, 124(41.3%) had no anaemia, while 176(58.7%) had the iron deficiency anaemia. Furthermore, 225(75.0%) had menopause after the age of forty, while 75(25.0%) had menopause after the age of forty. After applying the binary logistic regression analysis, we found that advancing age, longer duration since menopause and presence of medical comorbidities had a statistically significant association with anaemia in the target population.

Conclusion: This study showed a high frequency of iron deficiency anaemia among post-menopausal women. In addition, women with longer duration since menopause, advanced age and other medical illnesses were more at risk of having iron deficiency anaemia s compared to other women.
Aetiology and Outcome of Acute Kidney Injury Patients at the Nephrology Unit of Pak Emirats Military Hospital Rawalpindi
Authors: Ali Asif , Azam Khan Malik Nadeem , Ali Imran , Hussain Muhammad Zahid , Khan Muhammad Shahid , Sajid Yasmeen
Published: February 2023

Objective: To assess the aetiology and outcome of patients admitted with acute kidney injury at the Nephrology Unit of Pak Emirates Military Hospital (PEMH).

Study Design: Cross-sectional analytical study.

Place and Duration of Study: Nephrology Unit, Pak Emirates Military Hospital, Rawalpindi Pakistan, from Jun 2019 to Jun 2020.

Methodology: Patients admitted with AKI were included in the study. The Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes(KDIGO) clinical practice guidelines were used to diagnose acute renal injury based on creatinine level or urine output.

Results: A total of 300 patients were admitted to the Nephrology Unit with AKI during the study period. Sepsis was the commonest aetiology for acute kidney injury among the target population, followed by injury. 155(51.4%) patients were discharged, 53(17.7%) were stable in the ward, 70(23.4%) patients were shifted to the Critical Care Unit, and 22(7.3%) died.Long duration of hospital stay and the presence of multiorgan failure had a statistically significant relationship with poor outcomes in our study.

Conclusion: This study gives an insight into the aetiology and outcome of acute kidney injury among acute kidney injury patients admitted to the nephrology ward. Sepsis and injury were the commonest causes affecting renal function. Most of the patients had a good outcome. Patients with long hospital stays and multiorgan failure should be given special attention as they were more at risk of poor outcomes in our study.
Comparison of Post-Operative Pain in Mandibular and Maxillary 1st and 2nd Molars after Pulp Capping with Biodentine and Endosequence Root Repair Material as Pulp Capping Agent
Authors: Rana Muzammil Jamil , Rana Mehmood Ahmed , Islam Sadaf , Bangash Ajmal Yousaf , Bano Sara , Hamdani Sara
Published: February 2023

Objective: To analyze and compare the response of human pulpal pain with Bio-dentine and Endo-sequence root repair material as pulp capping agents.

Study Design: Quasi-experimental study.

Place and Duration of Study: Operative Dentistry Department, Armed Forces Institute of Dentistry, Rawalpindi Pakistan,from Feb 2019 to Aug 2020.

Methodology: This study was performed on 100 maxillary and mandibular vital permanent molars with symptoms of reversible pulpitis. Patients were divided into two groups, with 50 patients in each group. In Group-A, Bio-dentine was used as a pulp capping agent whereas Endo-sequence root repair material was used for pulp capping in Group-B. Patients of both groups were then recalled after one week, one month and three months. A visual analogue scale was used to record the intensity of pain.

Results: In a sample size of 100 patients, 16% were maxillary first molars, 4% were maxillary second molars, 26% were mandibular second molars, and 54% were mandibular first molars. Between Groups A and B, four patients from Group-A (8%) and three patients from Group-B (6%) complained of pain of mild category (1-3), according to VAS. The rest of the patients remained asymptomatic at 1 and 3-months follow-up (p-value=0.695). Hence no significant difference was found in the post-operative pain following pulp capping with Bio-dentine and Endo-sequence root repair material.

Conclusion: Bio-dentine and Endo-sequence root repair material has comparable effectiveness. Hence, they can be used as suitable pulp capping agents.