bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Regulation of the global orthotist/prosthetist workforce, and what we might learn from allied health professions with international-level regulatory support: a narrative review
Authors: Clarke Leigh , Puli Louise , Ridgewell Emily , Dillon Michael P. , Anderson Sarah
Published: July 2021

Background

By 2050, the global demand for orthotic and prosthetic services is expected to double. Unfortunately, the orthotic/prosthetic workforce is not well placed to meet this growing demand. Strengthening the regulation of orthotist/prosthetists will be key to meeting future workforce demands, however little is known about the extent of orthotist/prosthetist regulation nor the mechanisms through which regulation could best be strengthened. Fortunately, a number of allied health professions have international-level regulatory support that may serve as a model to strengthen regulation of the orthotic/prosthetic profession.

The aims of this study were to describe the national-level regulation of orthotist/prosthetists globally, and the international-level regulatory support provided to allied health professions.

Method

Two environmental scans benchmarked the national-level regulation of the orthotist/prosthetist workforce, and the regulatory support provided by international allied health professional bodies using a set of nine core practitioner standards (core standards) including: Minimum Training/Education, Entry-level Competency Standards, Scope of Practice, Code of Conduct and/or Ethics, Course Accreditation, Continuing Professional Development, Language Standard, Recency of Practice, and Return-to-Practice. Each identified country was categorised by income status (i.e. High-, Upper-Middle-, Lower-Middle-, and Low-Income countries).

Results

Some degree of regulation of the orthotist/prosthetist workforce was identified in 30 (15%) of the world’s 197 countries. All core standards were present in 6 of these countries. Countries of higher economic status had more core standards in place than countries of lower economic status. International-level professional bodies were identified for 14 of 20 allied health professions. International bodies for the physical therapy (8 core standards) and occupational therapy (5 core standards) professions provided regulatory support to help national associations meet most of the core standards.

Conclusion

Given the small proportion of countries that have national practitioner regulatory standards in place, most orthotist/prosthetists are working under little-to-no regulation. This presents an opportunity to develop rigorous national-level regulation that can support workforce growth to meet future workforce demands. Given the financial and expertise barriers that hinder the development of a more regulated orthotist/prosthetist workforce, particularly for Low- and Lower-Middle-Income countries, we recommend the establishment of an international professional body with the express purpose to support national-level regulation of orthotist/prosthetists, and thereby build the regulatory capacity of national orthotic/prosthetic associations.
Development of a core evaluation framework of value-added medicines: report 2 on pharmaceutical policy perspectives
Authors: Kaló Zoltán , Petykó Zsuzsanna Ida , Fricke Frank-Ulrich , Maniadakis Nikos , Tesař Tomáš , Podrazilová Kateřina , Espin Jaime , Inotai András
Published: July 2021

Background

A core evaluation framework that captures the health care and societal benefits of value added medicines (VAMs, also often called repurposed medicines) was proposed in Report 1, aiming to reduce the heterogeneity in value assessment processes across countries and to create incentives for manufacturers to invest into incremental innovation. However, this can be impactful only if the framework can be adapted to heterogeneous health care financing systems in different jurisdictions, and the cost of evidence generation necessitated by the framework takes into account the anticipated benefits for the health care system and rewards for the developers.

Areas covered

The framework could potentially improve the pricing and reimbursement decisions of VAMs by adapting it to different country specific decision-contexts such as deliberative processes, augmented cost-effectiveness frameworks or formal multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA); alternatively, some of its domains may be added to current general evaluation frameworks of medicines. The proposed evaluation framework may provide a starting point for practices based on which VAMs can be exempted from generic pricing mechanisms or can be integrated into the reimbursement and procurement system, allowing for price differentiation according to their added value. Besides evidence from RCTs, pricing and reimbursement decision processes of VAMs should allow for ex-ante non-RCT evidence for certain domains. Alternatively, relying on ex-post evidence agreements—such as outcome guarantee or coverage with evidence development—can also reduce decision uncertainty.

Conclusions

The core evaluation framework for VAMs could trigger changes in the existing pricing, reimbursement and procurement practices by improving the appraisal of the added value created by incremental innovation.
CK2-mediated phosphorylation of Che-1/AATF is required for its pro-proliferative activity
Authors: Catena Valeria , Bruno Tiziana , Iezzi Simona , Matteoni Silvia , Salis Annalisa , Sorino Cristina , Damonte Gianluca , Fanciulli Maurizio
Published: July 2021

Background

Che-1/AATF (Che-1) is an RNA polymerase II binding protein involved in several cellular processes, including proliferation, apoptosis and response to stress. We have recently demonstrated that Che-1 is able to promote cell proliferation by sustaining global histone acetylation in multiple myeloma (MM) cells where it interacts with histone proteins and competes with HDAC class I members for binding.

Methods

Site-directed Mutagenesis was performed to generate a Che-1 mutant (Che-1 3S) lacking three serine residues (Ser316, Ser320 and Ser321) in 308–325 aa region. Western blot experiments were conducted to examine the effect of depletion or over-expression of Che-1 and Che-1 3S mutant on histone acetylation, in different human cancer cell lines. Proliferation assays were assessed to estimate the change in cells number when Che-1 was over-expressed or deleted. Immunoprecipitation assays were performed to evaluate Che-1/histone H3 interaction when Ser316, Ser320 and Ser321 were removed. The involvement of CK2 kinase in Che-1 phosphorylation at these residues was analysed by in vitro kinase, 2D gel electrophoresis assays and mass spectrometry analysis.

Results

Here, we confirmed that Che-1 depletion reduces cell proliferation with a concomitant general histone deacetylation in several tumor cell lines. Furthermore, we provided evidence that CK2 protein kinase phosphorylates Che-1 at Ser316, Ser320 and Ser321 and that these modifications are required for Che-1/histone H3 binding. These results improve our understanding onto the mechanisms by which Che-1 regulates histone acetylation and cell proliferation.

Conclusions

Che-1 phosphorylation at Ser316, Ser320 and Ser321 by CK2 promotes the interaction with histone H3 and represents an essential requirement for Che-1 pro-proliferative ability.
Maintenance of skeletal muscle mass during FOLFIRINOX is a favorable prognostic factor in pancreatic cancer patients
Authors: Shin Dong Woo , Kim Minseok Albert , Lee Jong-chan , Kim Jaihwan , Hwang Jin-Hyeok
Published: July 2021

Objective

The study aimed to investigate the effect of body composition changes during chemotherapy on clinical outcomes in patients with pancreatic cancer.

Results

In patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC), the cross-sectional area of skeletal muscle (SM) and adipose tissue (AT) at the level of third lumbar vertebra was measured. The SM and AT ratios indicated the changes during chemotherapy. The patients were classified into three groups based on these ratios: group 1, ≥ 1.00; group 2, 0.85–0.99; group 3, < 0.85. The overall survival (OS) and surgical resection rates were estimated. Fifty-eight patients with LAPC who received first-line FOLFIRINOX were analyzed. Fifteen (25.9%) patients who underwent resection showed maintained BMI, SM, and AT as compared to the patients who did not undergo resection. As the SM ratio decreased, the risk for death increased significantly. Further, the resection rate was significantly higher in patients with maintained SM compared to those with low SM ratio. On the contrary, the change in AT ratio was not associated with OS and resection rate; however, significant decrease in AT more than 15% showed poor clinical outcomes. Maintenance of SM during chemotherapy is a reliable prognostic factor indicating longer OS and higher resection rate.
MicroRNA clustering on the biogenesis of suboptimal microRNAs
Authors: Park Sehee , Kang Igojo , Shin Chanseok
Published: July 2021

Most microRNAs (miRNAs) are processed by two ribonuclease III enzymes. The first cleavage is performed by Microprocessor that is composed of RNase III enzyme Drosha and DGCR8, and the second by another RNase III enzyme Dicer. There are many examples of miRNAs that are poor substrates for Drosha and Dicer, owing to their suboptimal structures. However, a number of these suboptimal miRNAs are known to be expressed at the same or higher level as their neighboring structurally-optimal miRNAs. Recent studies suggest that the clustered orientation of these suboptimal miRNAs is the explanation for this phenomenon. It has been observed that the biogenesis of these suboptimal miRNAs can be affected by the expression of their neighboring optimal miRNAs. This principle is expected to apply more broadly, as it has been shown that a large percentage of suboptimal miRNAs reside within operons.
Experimental Studies on Progressive Collapse Behavior of RC Frame Structures: Advances and Future Needs
Authors: Yi Wei-Jian , Yi Fan , Zhou Yun
Published: July 2021

In the recent two decades, the progressive collapse of reinforced concrete (RC) frame structures attracted unprecedented research interests in the structural engineering community. Experiments are regarded as an essential method in this field since actual cases can barely provide sufficient and effective data to support rigorous research. In this paper, prevailing experimental assumptions and configurations among over 100 series of experiments are quantitatively revealed by a bibliometric collection based on systematic search in an academic database. Since numerous experiments have been reported on the progressive collapse of RC frame structures, this paper subsequently presents a state-of-the-art review summarizing both experimental consensuses and controversies constituted by three main aspects: (a) static mechanisms, (b) dynamic behavior, and (c) threat-dependent research. The significance of secondary mechanisms, existing problems of dynamic effects, and potential flaws of the threat-independent assumption are discussed in detail with experimental findings. Future needs are emphasized on research targets, correlations between experiments and design, dynamic effects, threat-dependent issues, and retrofitting. These recommendations might help researchers or designers realize a more reliable and realistic progressive collapse design of RC frame structures in the future.
The Association Between Long-term Exposure to Ambient Air Pollution and Bone Strength in China
Authors: Wu Jialong , Guo Bing , Guan Han , Mi Fei , Xu Jingru , Basang  , Li Yajie , Zuo Haojiang , Wang Lei , Feng Shiyu , Wei Jing , Chen Gongbo , Li Shanshan , Wei Yonglan , Guo Yuming , Zhao Xing
Published: July 2021

Context

Evidence regarding the association of long-term exposure to air pollution on bone strength or osteoporosis is rare, especially in highly polluted low- and middle-income countries. Little is known about whether the association between air pollution and bone strength changes at different bone strength distributions.

Objective

Using the baseline data from the China Multi-Ethnic Cohort, we investigated the association between long-term air pollution exposure and bone strength.

Methods

We used multiple linear models to estimate the association between air pollution and bone strength, and we conducted quantile regression models to investigate the variation of this association in the distribution of bone strength. The 3-year concentrations of PM1, PM2.5, PM10, and NO2 for each participant were assessed using spatial statistical models. Bone strength was expressed by the calcaneus quantitative ultrasound index (QUI) measured by quantitative ultrasound, with higher QUI values indicating greater bone strength.

Results

A total of 66 598 participants were included. Our analysis shows that every 10 μg/m3 increase in 3-year average PM1, PM2.5, PM10, and NO2 was associated with −5.38 units (95% CI: −6.17, −4.60), −1.89 units (95% CI: −2.33, −1.44), −0.77 units (95% CI: −1.08, −0.47), and −2.02 units (95% CI: −2.32, −1.71) changes in the QUI, respectively. In addition, populations with higher bone strength may be more susceptible to air pollution.

Conclusion

Long-term exposure to PM1, PM2.5, PM10, and NO2 was significantly associated with decreased bone strength in southwestern China adults. Air pollution exposure has a more substantial adverse effect on bones among populations with higher bone strength.
Clinically Serious Hypoglycemia Is Rare and Not Associated With Time-in-range in Youth With New-onset Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Addala Ananta , Zaharieva Dessi P , Gu Angela J , Prahalad Priya , Scheinker David , Buckingham Bruce , Hood Korey K , Maahs David M
Published: July 2021

Context

Early initiation of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) is advocated for youth with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Data to guide CGM use on time-in-range (TIR), hypoglycemia, and the role of partial clinical remission (PCR) are limited.

Objective

Our aims were to assess whether 1) an association between increased TIR and hypoglycemia exists, and 2) how time in hypoglycemia varies by PCR status.

Methods

We analyzed 80 youth who were started on CGM shortly after T1D diagnosis and were followed for up to 1-year post diagnosis. TIR and hypoglycemia rates were determined by CGM data and retrospectively analyzed. PCR was defined as (visit glycated hemoglobin A1c) + (4*units/kg/day) less than 9.

Results

Youth were started on CGM 8.0 (interquartile range, 6.0-13.0) days post diagnosis. Time spent at less than 70 mg/dL remained low despite changes in TIR (highest TIR 74.6 ± 16.7%, 2.4 ± 2.4% hypoglycemia at 1 month post diagnosis; lowest TIR 61.3 ± 20.3%, 2.1 ± 2.7% hypoglycemia at 12 months post diagnosis). No events of severe hypoglycemia occurred. Hypoglycemia was rare and there was minimal difference for PCR vs non-PCR youth (54-70 mg/dL: 1.8% vs 1.2%, P = .04; < 54mg/dL: 0.3% vs 0.3%, P = .55). Approximately 50% of the time spent in hypoglycemia was in the 65 to 70 mg/dL range.

Conclusion

As TIR gradually decreased over 12 months post diagnosis, hypoglycemia was limited with no episodes of severe hypoglycemia. Hypoglycemia rates did not vary in a clinically meaningful manner by PCR status. With CGM being started earlier, consideration needs to be given to modifying CGM hypoglycemia education, including alarm settings. These data support a trial in the year post diagnosis to determine alarm thresholds for youth who wear CGM.
Liver Fibrosis Indices for the Prediction of Mortality in Korean Subjects: A 16-Year Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Oh Tae Jung , Kim Kyuho , Moon Jae Hoon , Choi Sung Hee , Cho Nam H , Jang Hak Chul
Published: July 2021

Context

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and its progression to liver fibrosis are related to higher mortality.

Objective

We investigated whether noninvasive indices of NAFLD and liver fibrosis could predict mortality in a Korean prospective cohort study.

Methods

We followed 4163 subjects from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study biannually over 16 years. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to calculate the hazard ratios (HRs) of NAFLD or liver fibrosis indices in the total group of subjects and subgroups according to body mass index (BMI) and glucose metabolism status.

Results

The mean age (± SD) of the subjects was 55.7 ± 8.7 years and 39.2% were men. During a median follow-up period of 15.6 years, 643 subjects (15.4%) died. The Fibrosis-4 (FIB-4), NAFLD fibrosis score (NFS), and aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio index were consistently higher in deceased subjects regardless of baseline glucose metabolism status. The FIB-4 and NFS displayed acceptable discrimination power for mortality, with area under the receiver operating characteristic curve values of 0.686 and 0.666, respectively. The adjusted HRs for FIB-4 and NFS were 1.41 (95% CI, 1.18-1.68) and 1.43 (95% CI, 1.21-1.68), respectively. Both FIB-4 and NFS were significantly associated with liver-specific mortality but not cardiovascular mortality. The association between mortality with fibrosis indices were more prominent in subjects with a lower BMI (<25 kg/m2).

Conclusion

Noninvasive indices of liver fibrosis might be a significant predictor of all-cause and liver-specific mortality in Korean subjects.
Over Forty Years of Resisting Compulsory Veiling
Authors: Yaghoobi Claudia
Published: July 2021

While text-based and cyberspace campaigns against compulsory veiling in Iran have received much attention, Iranian diasporic creative writers have also engaged in this resistance through their writings, but they have remained almost unacknowledged. This article argues that diasporic literary narratives have functioned as part of what has led to today’s online platforms and cyberactivism. The article approaches these literary narratives as forms of counterdiscourse, rearticulating alternative narratives about women’s movements against compulsory veiling. Produced in diaspora, these transnational feminist works raise questions of authenticity and legitimacy. However, these authors emerge as activists from their position abroad, pushing back against the limits placed by the state on women’s bodies; in posing these challenges, they contribute to dissent from the mainstream narrative and to a rearticulation of the movement even as their works are viewed as marginal.
The Body under Siege
Authors: Grimaldi Kimberly Canuette
Published: July 2021

Betool Khedairi’s novel Ghāyib (Absent) centers on a young woman living and working in Baghdad during the 1990s and her interactions with the inhabitants of her apartment building. The novel depicts the transformations of bodies that occur in the war zone: transformations from a whole body to a partial body, from healthy to ill, from interconnected to isolated, and from wholesome to poisoned. This article argues that the systemic disabling and poisoning of women’s bodies in the novel violates the sanctity of the home and body and mirrors the destruction and poisoning of private and public spaces in Baghdad. Transformations brought about by shelling and sanctions are at the heart of the nature of war as that which renders bodies isolated, static, and toxic.
Larval nutrition impacts survival to adulthood, body size and the allometric scaling of metabolic rate in adult honeybees
Authors: Nicholls Elizabeth , Rossi Marta , Niven Jeremy E.
Published: July 2021

Resting metabolic rate (RMR) is a fundamental physiological measure linked to numerous aspects of organismal function, including lifespan. Although dietary restriction in insects during larval growth/development affects adult RMR, the impact of the nutritional composition of larval diets (i.e. diet quality) on adult RMR has not been studied. Using in vitro rearing to control larval diet quality, we determined the effect of dietary protein and carbohydrate on honeybee survival to adulthood, time to eclosion, body mass/size and adult RMR. High carbohydrate larval diets increased survival to adulthood and time to eclosion compared with both low carbohydrate and high protein diets. Upon emergence, bees reared on the high protein diet were smaller and lighter than those reared on other diets, whilst those raised on the high carbohydrate diet varied more in body mass. Newly emerged adult bees reared on the high carbohydrate diet showed a significantly steeper increase in allometric scaling of RMR compared with those reared on other diets. This suggests that the nutritional composition of larval diets influences survival to adulthood, time to eclosion and the allometric scaling of RMR. Given that agricultural intensification and increasing urbanisation have led to a decrease in both forage availability and dietary diversity for bees, our results are critical to improving understanding of the impacts of poor developmental nutrition on bee growth/development and physiology.
The Importance of Muscle Capillarization for Optimizing Satellite Cell Plasticity
Authors: Nederveen Joshua P. , Betz Milan W. , Snijders Tim , Parise Gianni
Published: July 2021

Satellite cells are essential for skeletal muscle regeneration, repair, and adaptation. The activity of satellite cells is influenced by their interactions with muscle-resident endothelial cells. We postulate that the microvascular network between muscle fibers plays a critical role in satellite cell function. Exercise-induced angiogenesis can mitigate the decline in satellite cell function with age.
Home-based Physical Activity to Alleviate Fatigue in Cancer Survivors: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: HUIZINGA FAMKE , WESTERINK NICO-DERK LODEWIJK , BERENDSEN ANNETTE J. , WALENKAMP ANNEMIEK M. E. , DE GREEF MATHIEU H. G. , OUDE NIJEWEEME JULIËT K. , DE BOCK GEERTRUIDA H. , BERGER MARJOLEIN Y. , BRANDENBARG DAAN
Published: July 2021

Purpose

Physical activity (PA) affects fatigue and mental health in cancer survivors favorably, but participation in PA interventions tends to be low. More participants may be reached by home-based PA owing to greater accessibility and self-monitoring. This systematic review therefore evaluated the effects of home-based PA of low to moderate intensity on symptoms of fatigue, depression, and anxiety among cancer survivors.

Methods

PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Web of Science were systematically searched for randomized controlled trials. We included investigations of home-based PA interventions in adults treated curatively for cancer and evaluating fatigue, depression, or anxiety as outcomes. We performed a random-effect meta-analysis for the effects of PA interventions on fatigue in the short and long terms. Subgroup analyses were performed for the frequency of counseling. Standardized mean differences (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals are reported.

Results

Eleven articles comprising 1066 participants were included: 77% had a history of breast cancer; 14%, ovarian cancer; 4%, colorectal cancer; 4%, prostate cancer; and 1%, “other” cancer (not specified). Concerning the outcomes, nine articles reported on fatigue and two reported on depression or anxiety. Meta-analyses showed a significant effect of home-based PA on fatigue immediately after the intervention (SMD = 0.22 [0.06–0.37]), at 3 months’ follow-up (SMD = 0.27 [0.04–0.51]), and at 6–9 months’ follow-up (SMD = 0.31 [0.08–0.55]). PA interventions that used frequent counseling were associated with larger improvements in fatigue than those using no or infrequent counseling.

Conclusions

Home-based PA interventions can reduce fatigue among adult cancer survivors for up to 9 months, and frequent counseling may improve the benefits of these interventions.
Development of Muscle–Tendon Adaptation in Preadolescent Gymnasts and Untrained Peers: A 12-Month Longitudinal Study
Authors: PENTIDIS NIKOLAOS , MERSMANN FALK , BOHM SEBASTIAN , SCHROLL ARNO , GIANNAKOU ERASMIA , AGGELOUSIS NICKOS , ARAMPATZIS ADAMANTIOS
Published: July 2021

Purpose

The current study investigated the effects of long-term athletic training on the development of the triceps surae muscle–tendon unit in preadolescence.

Methods

Eleven preadolescent untrained children and a group of 21 artistic gymnastics athletes of similar age (9 ± 1.7 yr) and maturity (Tanner stages I and II) participated in the study. The measurements were conducted every 3 months for 1 yr, and training volume and duration of the athletes were documented. Plantar flexor muscle strength, Achilles tendon stiffness, maximum tendon strain, and gastrocnemius medialis morphometrics were measured by integrating kinematics, ultrasonography, and dynamometry. A linear mixed-effects model was used to analyze the investigated parameters.

Results

We found greater muscle strength (P < 0.001) in athletes compared with nonathletes but no differences in Achilles tendon stiffness (P = 0.252), indicating a training-induced imbalanced adaptation of muscle strength and tendon stiffness in preadolescent athletes. Although pennation angle (P = 0.490), thickness (P = 0.917), and fascicle length (P = 0.667) did not differ between groups, we found higher fluctuations in pennation angle and muscle strength over 1 yr in athletes. The imbalanced adaptation of muscle strength and tendon stiffness together with greater fluctuations of muscle strength resulted in greater tendon strain fluctuations over 1 yr (P = 0.017) and a higher frequency of athletes with high-level tendon strain (≥9%) compared with nonathletes.

Conclusions

The findings indicate an increased mechanical demand for the tendon in preadolescent athletes that could have implications for the risk of tendon overuse injury. Therefore, we recommend the implementation of individual training approaches to preserve a balanced adaptation within the triceps surae muscle–tendon unit in preadolescent athletes.
Comunicación, salud y Covid-19. Cómo comunican los instagrammers sanitarios españoles.
Authors: Castro-Higueras Antonio , Torres-Martín José Luis , Carballeda-Camacho Mireya , de Aguilera-Moyano Miguel
Published: July 2021

La presente investigación tiene como objeto de estudio los recursos visuales empleados por sanitarios en sus publicaciones de Instagram durante las dos primeras semanas del confinamiento. El objetivo principal es conocer los recursos expresivos que emplean estos instagrammers, de qué modo utilizan las herramientas que ofrece la plataforma para lograr una notable repercusión entre sus audiencias. La metodología empleada es mixta, cuantitativa y cualitativa. En el primer caso se usan programas como FanPageKarma e influencity.com para conocer las métricas digitales de los instagrammers (totalizan los números de seguidores, reacciones, engagement, calidad de la audiencia, sexo...). Y para el análisis de las publicaciones se ha confeccionado una ficha de análisis sobre el uso de recursos discursivos audiovisuales. Paralelamente se aplica el walkthrough method para conocer las potencialidades expresivas de Instagram. Como principales resultados podemos destacar el papel intermediador de los instagrammers que no actúan solamente como productores de mensajes sino también como transmisores de terceros realizando funciones de curación y gatekeeping. También concluimos que los usuarios que componen la muestra no aprovechan todas las potencialidades expresivas y de difusión de los mensajes que posee una herramienta como Instagram. De igual manera tampoco destacan por sus competencias comunicativas en cuanto al dominio del lenguaje y narrativas audiovisuales. A pesar de ello, el éxito de estos influencers expertos es patente, pudiendo hallarse sus causas en las excepcionales circunstancias provocadas por la pandemia del COVID-19 (en especial durante el periodo analizado) y la necesidad de la población de encontrar información veraz ante la incertidumbre.
Una revisión crítica en la enseñanza universitaria de la arquitectura. El caso de la UNAM, México y la UNCUYO, Argentina
Authors: Miranda Gassull Virginia
Published: July 2021

La universidad cumple un rol fundamental en la sociedad, específicamente, en la configuración del hábitat humano. Este artículo parte desde la Arquitectura como una disciplina que promueve prácticas, narrativas y espacialidades que modifican nuestra forma de habitar los territorios. Se problematiza la enseñanza de la arquitectura en la manera de ejercer la disciplina, a los habi­tantes que prioriza y la racionalización del espacio social. Se propone analizar la perspectiva socio-crítica en las escuelas de Arquitectura latinoamericana con el fin de reconocer el abordaje ontoepistémico y el diseño metodológico de las tres funciones de la universidad. Se toman como caso de estudio dos escuelas con antigüedades distintas y escalas urbanas diferentes (metró­polis y megalópolis). Como resultado, se exponen las propuestas pedagógicas de dos espacios académicos que abordan el tema del hábitat humano de manera integral desde la Arquitectura, como un proceso dialéctico entre las necesidades de la gente y la configuración de los territorios.
O encontro entre João Clímaco Bezerra e a Revista Brasiliense: a trajetória de um intelectual de província
Authors: Barbalho Alexandre
Published: July 2021

O artigo analisa o recrutamento por parte da Revista Brasiliense, publicação sediada em São Paulo que circulou entre 1955 e 1964, do literato cearense João Clímaco Bezerra (JCB), objetivando entender o espaço de possíveis que permitiu a circulação de um escritor de província para além das fronteiras regionais e sua participação em um projeto político-cultural de caráter nacional-desenvolvimentista e cujos principais articuladores eram nomes consagrados da intelectualidade brasileira. Como recurso metodológico, a partir da sociologia bourdieusiana, se remontou a trajetória de JCB e se elaborou o conjunto de capitais (cultural, social e intelectual) alcançados pelo escritor. Buscou-se, dessa forma, estabelecer os ritos de instituição e nominação que construíram a identidade social do agente analisado, os mecanismos de consagração, as posiçõesocupadas nos espaço sociais onde transitou e por meio das quais estabeleceu suas redes de sociabilidade e de filiação.
O pensamento decolonial no horizonte de combate à violência epistemológica e/ou o epistemicídio no ensino de História
Authors: Paim Elison Antonio , Araújo Helena Maria Marques
Published: July 2021

Este artigo se baseia em pesquisas frutos de experiências de mais de trinta anos de magistério na Educação Básica e formação de professores nos convidando a posicionamentos frente ao currículo de ensino de História escolar, das licenciaturas e pós-graduações. Identificamos desafios como o eurocentrismo do conhecimento e  currículos e a violência epistemológica e/ ou epistemicídio sofrido por grupos subalternizados que atingem especialmente as Ciências Humanas. Desenhamos uma cartografia de matriz curricular decolonial e intercultural crítica apontando através de brechas decoloniais (WALSH, 2016) a possibilidade de busca por maior justiça social e epistemológica nos livros didáticos e aulas de História, assim como em nossa Aby Ayalla. Em expedições acadêmicas trilhamos um caminho teórico-metodológico que possibilite um enfrentamento mais eficaz contra tais opressões e silenciamentos construindo memórias e histórias insurgentes.
LEITURA E PRÁTICA PEDAGÓGICA NO ENSINO MÉDIO INTEGRADO: ENTRE A ATIVIDADE REAL E O REAL DA ATIVIDADE / Reading and pedagogical practice in Integrated High School: between real activity and real of the activity
Authors: De Souza Adriana Nunes , Cavalcante Maria Auxiliadora Da Silva
Published: July 2021

Neste artigo, buscamos compreender, através dos sentidos e significados atribuídos por professores de disciplinas técnicas do Ensino Médio Integrado, as práticas pedagógicas de leitura realizadas e suas implicações no processo ensino-aprendizagem. Para isso, discutimos o Ensino Médio Integrado, a interdisciplinaridade e a leitura de estudo. Adotamos como referencial teórico a Psicologia Sócio-Histórica de Vygotsky (1991; 2000), a Clínica da Atividade de Yves Clot (2006; 2010), a Leitura na perspectiva de Vieira (2007) e de Leffa (1996) e a interdisciplinaridade na perspectiva de Fazenda e Godoy (2014). Durante a pesquisa, filmamos aulas de três docentes de disciplinas técnicas de um Campus do Instituto Federal de Alagoas e discutimos suas práticas em entrevistas de autoconfrontação. Para a análise dos dados, consideramos algumas categorias: dimensão subjetiva, sentidos e significados, real da atividade e a atividade real, gênero e estilo. Os dados mostraram que a leitura é definida como alicerce para o ensino, mas não é trabalhada de modo efetivo pelos docentes. Os resultados também possibilitaram o reconhecimento da leitura como facilitadora da aprendizagem das disciplinas técnicas e demostraram que há uma distância entre o social e o individual na atividade pedagógica. Pudemos concluir que os docentes atribuem à leitura um papel de alicerce do Ensino Médio Integrado, mas enfrentam obstáculos para que esse papel se concretize em sua prática.
O ENSINO DOS MODOS DE ORGANIZAÇÃO NA BASE NACIONAL COMUM CURRICULAR / The organization modes teaching in the National Common Curriculum Base
Authors: Fraguas Marcela Martins de Melo
Published: July 2021

Este artigo analisa o tratamento dado aos modos de organização na Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BRASIL, 2017). Parte-se do entendimento de que os gêneros textuais são heterogêneos, a aprendizagem dos diferentes modos que os constituem pode favorecer o ensino sistematizado e contínuo, no que concerne ao texto como unidade de ensino de Língua Portuguesa. Dessa forma, na análise, foram observadas as habilidades distribuídas no quadro geral da Base Nacional, que se destinam aos anos finais do Ensino Fundamental, a fim de verificar se estas enfatizavam o conhecimento acerca dos modos de organização. As análises que integram este estudo pautaram-se, principalmente, pelas teorias sobre a organização discursiva de Charaudeau (2016), de Marcuschi (2008) e de Oliveira (2004; 2007). Na sequência, possíveis encaminhamentos ao ensino de Língua Portuguesa e de gêneros textuais, com foco na aprendizagem dos modos de organização, foram apresentados. A elaboração das atividades estruturou-se em torno de dois textos: o conto Apelo, de Dalton Trevisan, no qual destacaram-se os modos narrativo e argumentativo, e uma receita de brigadeiro, retirada do site TudoGostoso, com ênfase na aprendizagem dos modos injuntivo, descritivo e argumentativo. A metodologia empregada neste estudo tem caráter interventivo, dada a proposição de atividades. Entretanto, destaca-se, ainda, a análise documental (ANDRÉ; LÜDKE, 2014), haja vista o olhar voltado à análise de um documento normativo.
Pela boca da criança: pensando gênero e sexualidades a partir da infância de terreiro
Authors: Ataide Costa Junior Adelson Cezar
Published: July 2021

Esse texto visa apresentar a investigação sobre as práticas educativas imbricadas com as relações de gênero e sexualidade em um terreiro de candomblé de nação Ketu, o Ilé Asé Iyá Ogunté, em Ananindeua – Pará. Leva-se em conta os estudos feministas e de relações de sexo - gênero feitos por Rubin (2003), Yogyakarta (2006), Samara (2000) e Akotirene (2019) para buscar entender os processos pelos quais as relações de sexo/gênero servem como fatores de afirmação identitária. Salientamos a noção de cosmopercepção Oyěwùmí (2002) para compreender a forma multissensorial de perceber as relações sociais. A metodologia é baseada no “Reparar miúdo, narrar Kékeré” de Caputo (2018). Enxerga-se a existência de duas correntes principais de entendimento/atuação: a primeira nega a possibilidade de mudanças alegando questões biologizantes e associando sexo - gênero  condicionados ao corpo físico de nascimento, e uma segunda corrente que entende a necessidade de reordenação das relações sociais e práticas educativas no que toca às redesignações de sexo - gênero dos membros das comunidades de terreiro. Assim, a percepção aponta para uma participação das crianças no processo de discussão desse debate, não estando alheias ao processo como o pensamento adultocêntrico pode fazer parecer, bem como a compreensão de que as transformações das regras sociais estão em constante processo de reformatação.
A decoloniedade dos Povos Bantu na luta antirracista no chão da escola: uma experiência de intervenção
Authors: De Oliveira Wudson Guilherme
Published: July 2021

O texto tem como propósito apresentar uma análise decolonial referente as diferentes características e contribuições dos povos Bantu em obras literárias afro-brasileiras, como forma de corroborar com a construção da identidade de jovens negros, como medida de enfrentamento às diversas situações desfavoráveis das populações negras, que perpassam pelo cotidiano do chão da escola, que são propagados pelos padrões eurocêntricos e na discriminação racial. Todavia, buscamos debruçar nossas reflexões em publicações acadêmicas e livros de literaturas infantis e infanto-juvenis, que articulam com as perspectivas da Lei Federal 10.639/2003 que torna obrigatório o ensino da história e cultura dos povos africanos e a sua diáspora no Brasil, em todos os currículos escolares. Posteriormente, iremos analisar um breve estudo de caso, de como foram implementadas as leis contidas no Artigo 26-A da LDBEN em uma instituição privada localizada no Estado do Rio de Janeiro, a partir de oficinas/aulas de sensibilização, contação de histórias, exposição de livros de literatura africana, indígena e afro-brasileira e rodas de diálogos, na qual foram desenvolvidas como estratégias para a elevação da autoestima das crianças negras, o resgate da identidade, propagação da diversidade cultural  e o incentivo à leitura, para a redução do racismo na conjuntura atual do país.
Dois aniversários durante a pandemia
Authors: Pereira Anamaria Ladeira
Published: July 2021

Sem muito ar, num fôlego só, o deleite-desespero de estar viva, firmando o pé na luta junto a corpos dissidentes, sobrevivendo ao caos pandêmico piorado por um governante que manda a nação às favas. Vontade de meter o pé na porta e barrar os absurdos que vêm sendo perpetrados a cada dia. Ao mesmo tempo, poesia; sopro de velas imaginárias; um feliz aniversário recusado, obrigada. Seguimos respirando, mal nos aguentando em pé às vezes, rodeadas de perdas, ficando mais velhas, mais cansadas e tensas, mais insones, menos resignadas, mais combativas: em pé de guerra com essa história de termos de aceitar caladas.
Fotos etnográficas como prática de pesquisa na pandemia – O que dizem as imagens?
Authors: Teperino Juliana Braga
Published: July 2021

O presente trabalho busca dialogar, através das imagens feitas pela etnografia no campo de pesquisa Quilombo Cafundá Astrogilda, e a partir de uma nova percepção (MAGNANI 2009), onde observaremos não só o campo, mas o que está por trás dele, tentando entender como um  pesquisador inicia uma pesquisa, em um momento que somos todos atravessados pela pandemia causada pelo vírus da Covid-19 e mesmo com todas as medidas de precaução orientadas pela OMS, o que se torna possível, o que temos de palpável, o que muda não somente na nossa prática, mas na forma como nos relacionamos com o campo, com as fotos e com nós mesmos? talvez, uma movimentação parecida com a descrita acima pelo autor. Como se trata de uma pesquisa que está dando seus primeiros passos, não garantimos que todas as perguntas sejam respondidas, mas que as imagens possam reverberar pensamentos e ideias outras sobre o nosso ofício de ser pesquisador em tempos tão desafiadores.
Shingles: The forgotten vaccine during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Heffernan Catherine
Published: July 2021

Catherine Heffernan looks at how the pandemic has diverted focus from other vital vaccination programmes
Latest clinical research
Authors: Greener Mark
Published: July 2021

Mark Greener summarises the latest studies relevant to primary care nurses
Çift-Kariyerli Yaşam Tarzı Doyumu Ölçeğinin Türkçeye Uyarlanması
Authors: ÖZGÜLÜK ÜÇOK S. Burcu , HATİPOĞLU SÜMER Zeynep
Published: July 2021

Bu çalışmada çift-kariyerli (her ikisi de çalışan) çiftlerin ilişkilerinde, çift-kariyerli yaşam tarzının kişiye sağladığı doyumu ölçen tek boyutlu, kısa ve kolay uygulanabilen, Çift-Kariyerli Yaşam Tarzı Doyumu Ölçeği’nin Türkçeye uyarlanma sonuçları ile geçerlik ve güvenirliğine dair kanıtlar incelenmiştir. Ölçekte yer alan 5 maddenin öncelikle Türkçe çeviri, daha sonra geri-çeviri ve dil-eş değerlik çalışmaları yapıldıktan sonra ölçek, açıklayıcı faktör analizi için 137 ve doğrulayıcı faktör analizi için 127 çift-kariyerli ve çalışmaya gönüllü olarak katılmış evli bireye uygulanmıştır. Açıklayıcı faktör analizi ve doğrulayıcı faktör analizi sonuçları, ölçeğin tek boyutlu olduğunu göstermiştir. Ölçeğin eş zaman geçerliğini test etmek amacıyla yapılan çalışmalar, ölçeğin ilişkiye bağlılık ve ilişki doyumu ile beklenen yönde ilişkili olduğunu gösterirken çift-kariyerli yaşam tarzı doyumunun ise cinsiyete göre anlamlı düzeyde farklılıklar göstermediğini ortaya koymuştur. Ölçeğe ilişkin Cronbach alfa iç tutarlık katsayısı .83 olarak bulunmuştur. Bu bulgular ışığında, Türkçe Çift-Kariyerli Yaşam Tarzı Doyumu Ölçeği’nin geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır.
A National Overview of Youth andInjury Trends on U.S. Farms, 2001-2014
Authors: Hendricks Kitty J. , Hendricks Scott A. , Layne Larry A.
Published: July 2021

Highlights

The total number of injuries to all youth on farms consistently declined during the 14-year period from 2001 to 2014.

Injuries to household farm youth, after initial declines, increased in 2012 and 2014.

Although progress in farm youth safety has been made, farms continue to be hazardous places for youth.

Abstract.
The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) conducted injury surveillance for youth on U.S. farms for two decades to measure childhood injury burden, track injury trends, and monitor hazardous injury exposures. The Childhood Agricultural Injury Survey (CAIS), a regionally stratified telephone survey, collected injury and demographic data for all youth less than 20 years of age on U.S. farms. Results from the 2014 survey are provided. Trend analyses for all survey years were conducted using a Poisson regression model with generalized estimating equations. Rate ratios with corresponding 95% confidence intervals were calculated from the model. In 2014, there were an estimated 11,942 youth farm injuries. Of these, 63% occurred to household youth. Youth between the ages of 10 and 15 incurred the most injuries, and 34% of the injuries were work-related. The total number of injuries to all youth on farms consistently declined during the 14-year period from 2001 to 2014, with annual injury rates ranging from 13.5 to 5.7 per 1,000 farms. The injury rates for household youth decreased through 2009 but increased slightly in 2012 and 2014. Farms continue to be hazardous environments for youth. Although there has been a significant decrease in the overall numbers and rates of youth farm injuries over the past decades, researchers should continue to monitor areas that remain a concern. One area that is specifically troublesome is the increase in injury rates observed for household youth in 2014. Keywords: Agriculture, Farm, Injury, Trends, Youth.
Consenso de expertos sobre las medidas de protecci´ón a hijos e hijas víctimas de violencia de género
Authors: Fariña Francisca , Seijo Dolores , Vázquez María José , Novo Mercedes , Arce Ramón
Published: July 2021

INTRODUCCIÓN. La violencia de género ha sido reconocida como una violación de los derechos humanos y un problema global de salud pública que afecta a las mujeres maltratadas y a los hijos/as, si bien estos han sido frecuentemente invisibilizados como víctimas. La literatura pone de manifiesto las consecuencias de la exposición a la violencia de género en los niños, niñas y adolescentes, a nivel físico, psicoemocional, conductual y también en los ámbitos académico y social. De cara a atender sus necesidades, en el contexto internacional y nacional se han desarrollado distintas iniciativas, no obstante, la perspectiva de los profesionales sobre las respuestas de apoyo y acompañamiento a los hijos e hijas ha sido escasamente investigada y sistematizada. MÉTODO. En este estudio nos planteamos analizar cuáles son las medidas que los/as expertos/as consideran adecuadas y factibles para atender las necesidades de los hijos e hijas víctimas de violencia de género. Para ello, tras una revisión de la literatura, se elaboró un pool de medidas o buenas prácticas, de las que se seleccionaron un total de 53, que fueron valoradas por panelistas expertos/as provenientes de distintos ámbitos (educativo, sanitario, jurídico, social y fuerzas y cuerpos de seguridad del Estado), en una escala tipo Likert. Mediante el análisis del grado de consenso se constató la concordancia en las puntuaciones otorgadas por los/as expertos/as, para las dimensiones adecuación y factibilidad (método Hanlon). RESULTADOS. Tomando como punto de corte el tercer cuartil, se seleccionaron aquellas medidas o buenas prácticas que los expertos evaluaron como adecuadas y factibles. DISCUSIÓN. Teniendo en cuenta las limitaciones de este estudio, se discuten las implicaciones que podrían ser de interés para las Administraciones competentes en el diseño de la formación y de los recursos de atención y acompañamiento a los niños, niñas y adolescentes.
Single-scatter path loss model of LED-based non-line-of-sight ultraviolet communications
Authors: Cao Tian , Gao Xinyu , Wu Tianfeng , Pan Changyong , Song Jian
Published: July 2021

Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are popularly used as light sources in non-line-of-sight (NLOS) ultraviolet communications (UVC). However, currently reported single-scatter path loss (PL) models of NLOS UVC links assume that the radiant intensity of the light source is uniformly distributed within the beam divergence angle, which cannot well characterize the light emission pattern of LEDs. In this Letter, we propose a single-scatter PL model for LED-based NLOS UVC systems, and the corresponding analytical expression is derived by modeling the LED emission pattern as a Lambertian distribution. Monte Carlo simulations and experimental results are provided to verify the effectiveness of the proposed PL model. Results show that the proposed model can accurately predict PL results in actual situations. The root-mean-square error of the proposed PL model is only about 1 dB in typical scenarios with experimental results as benchmarks. Also, the proposed model is much easier to implement than the currently reported PL model with the light source model of a uniformly distributed emission pattern.