bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Contradições do cotidiano nos homicídios por motivo fútil no Baixo São Francisco: pistas para pensar a interiorização da violência
Authors: FERRERI MARCELO DE ALMEIDA , MENDONÇA FILHO MANOEL CARLOS CAVALCANTI
Published: April 2019

O estudo dos homicídios por motivo fútil serve como base analítica para refletir acerca do tema da interiorização da violência, fenômeno que se faz presente em recentes estudos sobre criminalidade e violência no Brasil. O aspecto deste tipo de homicídio que permite a análise pretendida é sua íntima vinculação com o cotidiano da vida social e suas contradições, condição que, por sua vez, favorece uma visão da segurança pública não focada no controle da penalidade criminal. Para tal intento, recorre-se a uma pesquisa sobre homicídios por motivos fúteis ocorridos no período de 2008 a 2011 na região do Baixo São Francisco em Sergipe, cuja análise de 48 ocorrências homicidas se estruturou no campo de tensões entre lógica desenvolvimentista e modos de vida tradicionais, mais precisamente nos conflitos de práticas entre Estado, corporações e comunidades locais. O desdobramento de análise dos fenômenos criminais para além da preocupação punitiva pode, portanto, inspirar o tratamento da questão da interiorização da violência, fortalecendo uma compreensão mais ampliada dos problemas em segurança pública.
THE USE OF PICTURE SERIES IN TEACHING WRITING RECOUNT TEXT
Authors: Apsari Yanuarti
Published: April 2019

The objective of the research is to investigate the kind of activities take place during the processof teaching writing recount text through picture series and to identify the benefits that the students obtained from writing recount text through picture series. This research used a qualitative descriptive research method. The respondents of the research are an English teacher and seven grade students of Mts Nurul Hidayah Batujajar. The data were obtained from observation and interview. The results of the study revealed that the teaching writing by using picture series can improve students’ ability in writing recount text. Specifically, they showed some improvement on process of writing and vocabulary. Moreover, the data from observation and interview showed that there are some benefits, which are the development of students’ writing ability, the increasing of students’ participation in the class, fun learning’s atmosphere and the increasing of students’ writing interest.
AN ANALYSIS OF TEACHERS’ PEDAGOGICAL COMPETENCE IN LESSON STUDY OF MGMP SMP MAJALENGKA
Authors: Emiliasari Raynesa Noor
Published: April 2019

This research reports an in-depth view of teachers’ pedagogical competence as they participated in the Lesson Study activities. In order to collect the data, observations, notes, videotaping and interviews were used to get comprehensive data in the field. It was revealed that there was a difference between senior and junior teachers in their pedagogical competence. Senior teachers had a better pedagogical competence in terms of: classroom management, understanding the students’ characteristics, curriculum development, lesson plan, and teachers’ talk. Meanwhile, junior teachers were good at: the use of ICT and the development of media in teaching. It was also discovered that both senior and junior teachers were still less in mastering the theory of basic principles in teaching and developing students’ potential. There was no reflective action in teaching and teachers’ less understanding in classroom action research were other factors that affect teachers’ pedagogical competence. It is suggested that in order to improve the quality of teaching, teachers’ pedagogical competence is very important to be improved. Keywords: Teachers’ Pedagogical Competence, Lesson Study
RISK-TAKING AND STUDENTS’ SPEAKING ABILITY: DO THEY CORRELATE?
Authors: Suryani Lilis , Argawati Ningtyas Orilina
Published: April 2019

The students’ speaking ability somehow depends on some psychological issues such as motivation, self-esteem, or risk-taking. This research aims at examining the correlation of students’ speaking skill especially with their level of risk-taking. The method used in this research is a quantitative research method with the correlational design. The Null hypothesis was “there is no correlation between Risk-taking and Speaking Ability”.The researchers used the speaking test and questionnaire about risk-taking as the instruments to gather the data. Before examining the correlation between those two variables, the normality test was conducted. The result showed that the data were in normal distribution so that the analysis was statistically continued using Pearson Product Moment. From the calculation, sig. 2-tailed of both risk-taking and speaking were 0.000 which was lower than the level of significance (0.05). It means that the Null hypothesis is rejected and the final result told that there is a correlation between Risk-Taking and Speaking Ability. While the Pearson correlation reached the point of 0.685 which means that the correlation between those two was large. Finally, we could conclude that risk-taking can be an issue to take into account choosing some methods of teaching speaking.
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF DIRECT METHOD TO IMPROVE STUDENTS’ ABILITY IN SPEAKING
Authors: Sitorus Nurhayati , Silitonga Harpen
Published: April 2019

The purpose of this study is to investigate students’ ability in speaking before and after using Direct Method in learning English. The method in this research was experimental quantitative method by using quasi experimental design with one group pretest-posttest model. The design only saw students’ achievement in speaking before and after using Direct Method. The object of the research was English Department students. They were randomly selected. The technique of collecting the data was done through observation and the data were gotten from the students when they did oral communication. The instrument in this research was oral test. The result of this study shown that the use of Direct Method could improve students’ ability in speaking. It was proved from the students’ average was higher after using Direct Method. The data in this research had normal distribution. Based on data analysis by using T-test was gotten that tcount = 7,14 at the significant level = 5% and dk (n-1) = (40-1) =39 was gotten ttable = 1,82. So, tcount > ttable. It proved that Ho was rejected and Ha was accepted. It’s meant that there was a significant difference between students’ ability before and after implementing Direct Method.
DESAIN BUKU CERITA ANAK BERLATAR KEGIATAN KEPRAMUKAAN PENGGALANG
Authors: Fauziah Sifa , Wagiran Wagiran
Published: April 2019

Childrenâ€™s low interest in reading storybook is caused by the lack of variety of books in the markets. One of the effort to increase the variety of books is to use the settings of a Scoutâ€™s Raiser activity. The aim of this study is to find out the quality of the books in the markets, the needs of storybooks based on the Scoutâ€™s Raiser activity, and to design a storybook based on the setting of Scoutâ€™s Raiser Activity. The data was collected through observation, interview, and questionnaires. The result of the study was a childrenâ€™s storybook with a Scoutâ€™s Raiser activity as the background of the story. The students want a storybook about adventure, which is using a communicative language, contains an illustration that describes the story, and also a cheerful color that can attract them. The design of the storybook based on the settings of Scoutâ€™s Raiser activity was arranged based on the questionnaires.
PERANAN SOFT SKILL DAN MINAT BACA TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN MENULIS EKSPOSISI MATA PELAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA
Authors: Widiyarto Sigit
Published: April 2019

Penelitian ini menjelaskan peranan Soft Skill dan Minat baca terhadap kemampuan Menulis Eksposisi pada Mata Pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia.Subyek penelitian adalah siswa kelas XI Adan XI B SMA Al-Ikhlas Kota Bekasi, sebanyak 44 siswa. Metode penelitian ini memakai analisis statistik deskriptif. Pengolahan data dengan memakai SPSS 22. Teknik pengambilan data memakai Sampel Random Sampling. Pengumpulan data melalui wawancara, angket dan Tes. Soft Skill dapat mempengaruhi kemampuan Menulis. Kemampuan menulis Eksposisi tergambar siswa yang mempunyai soft skill katagori baik sebesar 45.5%.19 siswa katagori cukup (43.1 %) dan siswa katagori kurang sebanyak 5 siswa (11.4%). Siswa yang mempunyai minat baca katagori baik sebanyak 11 siswa (25 %), 4 siswa katagori cukup (9.1 %) dan 29 siswa kategori kurang (65,9%). Pada kemampuan menulis siswa yang mempunyai kemampuan menulis katagori baik sebanyak 18 siswa (41 %), cukup sebanyak 13 siswa (29.5 %) dan kurang sebanyak 13 siswa (29,5%).
Process development and coaxial sensing in fiber laser welding of 5754 Al-alloy
Authors: Garavaglia Matteo , Demir Ali Gökhan , Zarini Stefano , Victor Brian M. , Previtali Barbara
Published: April 2019

The use of Al-alloys is increasing in the automotive industry due to the pressing necessity to reduce weight and fuel consumption. Several parts concerning the car body are assembled through welding, where a high-quality seam is a key requirement. For this purpose, laser welding stands as an appealing option. On the other hand, laser welding of Al-alloys is a complex process due to the high reflectivity, reactivity, and crack susceptibility of these materials. In many cases, such issues limit the applicability of the autogeneous welding, which is an advantageous feature of laser welding. High-brilliance fiber lasers have been an enabling technology for improving the weldability of Al-alloys. However, laser welding of Al-alloys, especially in a lap-joint configuration, requires robust processing conditions able to maintain seam quality for each weld in high volumes even with part tolerances and tooling variability. Accordingly, this work discusses the process development and monitoring in laser welding of 5754 Al-alloy. In particular, the process was carried out in a double lap-joint configuration with 1 mm sheets, commonly used in automotive applications. A 3 kW fiber laser with in-source integrated monitoring capability was employed as the light source. The process feasibility zone was investigated as a function of laser power and welding speed, while the effect of focal position was investigated for the weld robustness. Weld seam types and defects were identified, as well as the monitoring signals associated light back-reflected from the process.
Desafios e particularidades narrados pelos docentes da licenciatura em Matemática do Instituto Federal de Minas Gerais
Challenges and particularities narrated by teachers of Mathematics Degree at the Federal Institute of Minas Gerais
Authors: Barbosa Josâne Geralda , Lopes Celi Espasandin
Published: April 2019

Este artigo decorre de uma pesquisa de mestrado em que se analisaram os cursos de Licenciatura em Matemática ofertados pelo Instituto Federal de Minas Gerais. A pesquisa discutiu como o IFMG tem promovido a formação de professores de Matemática, através da rememoração do processo de implantação dos cursos no IFMG; da identificação das principais dificuldades enfrentadas em cada campus para criar e manter esses cursos; e da ênfase às principais características dos cursos. Para atingir os objetivos propostos, estudaram-se os documentos que normatizam os cursos e realizaram-se entrevistas narrativas com os professores formadores que neles atuam. Evidenciam-se, na fala dos professores, algumas dificuldades e expectativas, bem como certa satisfação com os bons resultados com os egressos. Palavras-chave: Formação inicial de professores de Matemática, narrativa de professores, licenciatura nos Institutos Federais, Instituto Federal de Minas Gerais.
The Phenomenon of Education Fever in Higher Vocational Education Systems of a Number of East Asian Countries from the Perspective of the Competency-based Approach
Authors:   Rostov State Transport University, Isaeva Tatiana Evgenyevna
Published: April 2019

Over the next decade, the Russian higher vocational education system will face the problem of a sharp increase in the number of applicants due to the demographic boom in the birth rate. In this regard, it is advisable to study the consequences of the phenomenon of education fever that has arisen in a number of East Asian countries. Despite the numerous studies on education fever as a multi-disciplinary phenomenon originated from the national philosophy, history, sociology, psychology, and economics of these countries, there has not yet been an attempt to review this phenomenon from the standpoint of the competency-based approach. The competency-based approach makes it possible to identify axiological and educational components that should be considered when predicting the effects of a sharply increasing demand for higher education from the public, including the Russian one.
NON-CONTACT THERMOMETER BERBASIS INFRA MERAH
Authors: Safitri Meilia , Dinata Gusti Arya
Published: April 2019

Pengukuran terhadap suhu tubuh manusia dapat dilakukan dengan menggunakan termometer badan. Jenis termometer badan yang sudah ada saat ini beberapa diantaranya adalah termometer badan analog dan termometer badan digital. Pada umumnya alat-alat tersebut membutuhkan waktu paling cepat selama satu hingga dua menit sampai didapatkan nilai suhu tubuh manusia, sehingga dibutuhkan cara baru untuk mendapatkan nilai suhu tubuh dengan waktu lebih singkat tanpa  mengorbankan keakuratan. Dalam penelitian ini telah dirancang sebuah alat yang dapat digunakan untuk mengetahui nilai suhu tubuh manusia dengan waktu yang singkat dan menghasilkan nilai pembacaan yang akurat. Menggunakan sensor infra merah dengan seri MLX90614 yang dipadukan dengan Arduino Nano serta tampilan LCD OLED 128x64 merupakan cara yang digunakan untuk membuat termometer tubuh tanpa kontak fisik. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu membandingkan antara alat non-contact thermometer dengan alat pembanding. Alat pembanding ini sebagai acuan untuk mendapatkan nilai presisi dan akurasi yang tinggi. Kedua alat melakukan pengukuran suhu dalam kondisi yang sama.
DESAIN DAN ANALISIS TEGANGAN CRANE HOOK MODEL CIRCULAR SECTION KAPASITAS 5 TON MENGGUNAKAN AUTODESK INVENTOR 2017
Authors: Wibawa Lasinta Ari Nendra
Published: April 2019

Penelitian ini mengkaji tentang perancangan dan analisis tegangan Crane Hook model Circular Section dengan kapasitas 5 ton menggunakan material Stainless Steel dan Aluminium 6061. Analisis dilakukan secara numerik dengan menggunakan software Autodesk Inventor Professional 2017. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa material Aluminium memiliki massa dan faktor keamanan yang lebih baik daripada material Stainless Steel.
SYSTEM USABILITY SCALE VS HEURISTIC EVALUATION: A REVIEW
Authors: Ependi Usman , Kurniawan Tri Basuki , Panjaitan Febriyanti
Published: April 2019

Usability merupakan salah satu bidang ilmu untuk menganalisa atau menguji tingkat kemudahan penggunaan perangkat lunak.  Usability atau yang sering dikenal dengan kebergunaan adalah teknik pengujian atau pengukuran aplikasi perangkat lunak yang dilihat dari lima aspek yaitu  learnability, efficiency, memorability, errors dan satisfaction. Untuk melakukan analisa atau pengujian usability dapat dilakukan dengan pendekatan heuristic evaluation (HE) dan system usability scale (SUS). Heuristic evaluation (HE) merupakan pengujian dengan cara melibatkan ahli dalam proses pengerjaannya dan system usability scale (SUS) merupakan pengujian dengan cara melibatkan pengguna akhir (end user) dalam proses pengerjaannya. Untuk itu dalam penelitian dilakukan pengkajian antara heuristic evaluation (HE) dan system usability scale (SUS). Dari hasil kajian didapat bahwa heuristic evaluation (HE) dapat dilakukan bersamaan dengan teknik pengujian lain namun membutuhkan biaya yang besar serta proses pengujian yang lebih mudah. Sedangkan system usability scale (SUS) proses pengujian dan perhitungan lebih rumit namun dapat dilakukan dengan jumlah sampel yang sedikit.
pengaruh akupresur titik Nei Guan terhadap mual muntah akibat kemoterapi emetogenik tinggi pada penyandang kanker anak usia sekolah
Authors: Yuliar Triliana Purwadesi , Susanah Susi , Nurhidayah Ikeu
Published: April 2019

Salah satu pengobatan penyakit kanker pada anak adalah kemoterapi yang memiliki  efek samping mual muntah. Mual muntah pada penyandang kanker anak usia sekolah dapat mengakibatkan gangguan nutrisi, emosional, bermain dan fungsi sekolah. Hal ini dapat menurunkan kualitas hidup anak. Salah satu terapi adjuvan yang dapat menurunkan mual muntah setelah pemberian kemoterapi adalah akupresur yang bersifat non invasif dan tidak membahayakan. Akupresur titik Nei guan menggunakan metode penekanan pada pergelangan tangan.  Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian akupresur Nei Guan terhadap mual muntah kemoterapi emetogenik tinggi pada penyandang kanker anak usia sekolah.            Desain penelitian adalah kuasi eksperimen melalui pendekatan pre-post test design study with control dengan single blind. Responden terbagi atas kelompok kontrol dan kelompok intervensi yang masing-masing berjumlah 15 orang. Kedua kelompok mendapatkan antiemetik yang sama. Pengukuran mual dilakukan 3 kali pada pagi dan malam hari menggunakan instrumen Pediatric Nausea Assessment Tools (PeNAT), sedangkan interval muntah didokumentasikan setiap muntah dan retching. Data dianalisis dengan uji Mann Whitney dan uji t independent.            Hasil analisis pada kelompok kontrol menunjukkan rerata nilai mual cenderung mengalami kenaikan dan interval muntah yang lebih cepat dibandingkan dengan kelompok intervensi. Hasil kesimpulannya adalah secara klinis terdapat pengaruh akupresur titik Nei Guan terhadap mual muntah akibat kemoterapi emetogenik tinggi pada penyandang kanker  anak usia sekolah meskipun secara statistik belum bermakna (nilai p>0,05). Perawat diharapkan dapat melakukan monitoring mual muntah berkelanjutan dan akupresur dapat dipertimbangkan sebagai terapi adjuvan selain pemberian terapi farmakologi untuk menurunkan mual muntah.
The Experience of Symptom Cluster and Symptom Alleviation Self-Care in Patients with Head and Neck Cancer: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Sari Wyssie Ika , Ismail Suhartini
Published: April 2019

Patients with head and neck cancer usually experience physical and psychological changes and adjustments related to the disease and management of therapy. The patients will experience symptom cluster and will use effective symptom alleviation self-care to relieve the symptoms. The proper identification of symptom cluster and the effectiveness of using symptom alleviation self-care will be the basis for the success of disease management. This study aimed to investigate the symptom cluster and symptom alleviation self-care in patients with head and neck cancer, and which has an impact on the quality of life. This research was a pilot study using a qualitative design and involved five patients at the public hospital in Semarang, Indonesia. The qualitative design has been chosen to explore the varied of symptom experienced by the patients about the nature, number, location, duration and intensity of experiences, which may different experiences of symptom cluster and symptom alleviation self-care for each patient with Head and Neck Cancer. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analyzed used the qualitative content analysis process. Three themes were identified in this study, including: the patients’ experience of symptom cluster, the patients’ experience of symptom alleviation self-care, and the impaired quality of life domain. The results of this study showed that the patients’ experience sickness and gastrointestinal symptom cluster during illness and undergoing therapy, as well as variations in the symptom alleviation self-care, including: diet/ nutrition/ lifestyle changes, mind/ body/ spiritual control, biological treatment, herbal treatment, and prescribed medicine. The symptom cluster and symptom alleviation self-care has an impact on the patients’ outcome that is the quality of life. This study showed that the experience of symptom cluster and symptom alleviation self-care varied and highly individualized, which has an impact on the quality of life. The importance of proper identification about symptom cluster and the effectiveness of using symptom alleviation self-care by the nurses will be the basis for the success of disease management to improve the patients’ quality of life. Therefore, optimizing the nurses’ role is needed as the basis for the development of symptom management nursing programs.
Food and Activities Taboos among Sundanese Pregnant Women
Authors: Koeryaman Mira Trisyani , Kyung Kim Hee , Widiasih Restuning
Published: April 2019

Taboos are found everywhere including Indonesia. There are different types of taboos in Indonesia especially during pregnancy. This study aimed to identify the practice of taboos related to food and activities among Sundanese pregnant women in West Java, a province with the largest population. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 312 pregnant women, who come to antenatal care at maternal and child health clinics of hospital, health care center and private midwifery clinics at four districts area in West Java province (Cianjur, Bandung, Sumedang and Garut) from October–December 2014. The data were selected purposively used the questionnaires included important demographic characteristics and questions regarding food and activities taboos during pregnancy. SPSS Win.12.0 were used for data analysis. The practice of food and activities taboo among pregnant women showed were about 29.4% very often, 42.1% often, 22.4% rarely, and 6.1% never in avoid to eat certain foods and to do particular activities during pregnancy. No statistically significant association was found between food and activities taboo during pregnancy and data demographics of respondents (p>.05). Still often done by pregnant women in avoid to eat certain foods and restriction to do particular activities. To assess the true picture we need to conduct larger studies in the community with interview method. These findings would be an important information for nurses in developing health education in maternal periods, and considering women’s culture and beliefs in nursing care plan.
Riqueza, circulación de bienes y élites rurales en León en los siglos X y XI
Authors: Godoy Analía
Published: April 2019

En el mundo medieval la riqueza era un medio para establecer y reforzar relaciones sociales expresadas como vínculos de amistad, fidelidad, dependencia. Este trabajo indaga los mecanismos a través de los cuales los propietarios acomodados, élites de las comunidades rurales leonesas, pusieron en circulación sus bienes más allá del intercambio mercantil. Se analiza, por una parte, el flujo de bienes en el interior de las comunidades rurales y, por otra parte, la entrega y la obtención de bienes de la aristocracia laica y eclesiástica. Se sostiene que en el siglo X, un momento de génesis de las relaciones feudales en la región, existió una intensa circulación de bienes en un sentido relativamente horizontal, puesto que los propietarios más ricos afianzaban su patrimonio y su preeminencia social a través de distintos préstamos y ayudas a campesinos en dificultades. Sin embargo, la extensión de los poderes señoriales desde mediados del siglo X habría desestructurado parcialmente esta dinámica social. Los distintos préstamos habrían servido a la extensión de relaciones de dependencia señorial a la vez que los propietarios locales ricos pudieron trazar relaciones más directas y provechosas con los poderes señoriales a través del intercambio de distintos bienes y servicios.
THE IMPACT OF TRIFENDER WP ON THE CONTENT OF CHLOROGENIC ACIDS IN POTATO PLANTS INFECTED BY Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary
Authors: Głosek-Sobieraj Małgorzata , Cwalina-Ambroziak Bożena , Waśkiewicz Agnieszka , Kubiaczyk Kamil
Published: April 2019

Five potato cultivars were grown in a micro-plot field experiment (under conditions of natural infection by pathogens). In experimental treatments, potatoes were treated with Trifender WP, whereas control plants were not treated with growth regulators. A greenhouse experiment, conducted simultaneously, involved three treatments: 1. control (no biostimulant treatment, no inoculation), 2. inoculation (potato plants inoculated with P. infestans), 3. Trifender WP+inoculation (soil and foliar application of Trifender WP followed by inoculation with the pathogen 2 days after the last treatment). The research material was potato petioles, in which changes in the concentration of analyzed chlorogenic acids were determined using the Waters Acquity UPLC technique. In comparison with the control treatment, higher concentrations of the 5-caffeoylquinic acid (5-CQA), 4-caffeoylquinic acid (4-CQA) and 3‑caffeoylquinic acid (3-CQA) were found in potatoes treated with Trifender WP, and in cultivars with blue-purple and red-colored flesh than in those with yellow and cream-colored flesh (field experiment). In the greenhouse experiment, the content of individual chlorogenic acids increased in the petioles of potatoes inoculated with P. infestans and inoculated with the pathogen after the application of Trifender WP, compared with the control treatment
CHANGES IN PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF CORNELIAN CHERRY (CORNUS MAS L.) FRUITS IN DEPENDENCE ON DEGREE OF RIPENING AND ECOTYPES
Authors: Szot Iwona , Szot Paweł , Lipa Tomasz , Sosnowska Bożena , Dobrzański Bohdan
Published: April 2019

Cornelian cherry in Poland belongs to the alternative fruit species. The fruits are suitable for fresh consumption, however they can be used for processing: juice, jams, jellies, syrups, tinctures. Fruits are abundant in mineral elements, vitamin C, organic acids, iridoids, anthocyanins and due to that they have health-promoting significance. In this experiment, the fruit quality of several 16-year-old ecotypes in the Lublin region was compared. They were compared in terms of the beginning of fruit ripening and fruit size (length, diameter, mass), fruit shape index, share of stone in the fruit, SSC, TA, SSC/TA, reducing sugar, dry matter content and anthocyanins content. The color of fruit was evaluated in two dates, visually and using HanterLab spectrophotometer. Cornelian cherry fruits began to mature at the beginning of August and at the latest at the end of August. With the increase of the maturity degree, the SSC, reducing sugars, TA, dry matter and anthocyanins increased significantly. There was no difference in the taste of light red fruits and dark red fruits, which were characterized by similar ratio of SSC/TA. Ecotype No. 11, as the earliest maturing, with big round fruits, dark red colored with the highest content of anthocyanins, could be distinguished. As well as ecotypes No. 4 and 5, ripening in mid-August, and having a high ratio of SSC/TA, providing a good taste. Studied ecotypes could be used in breeding programs to incorporate a wide range of quality and agronomic characteristics into a final cornelian cherry cultivar.
GROWTH CHARACTERISTICS OF ORNAMENTAL JUDAS TREE (Cercis siliquastrum L.) SEEDLINGS UNDER DIFFERENT CONCENTRATIONS OF LEAD AND CADMIUM IN IRRIGATION WATER
Authors: Hatamian Mansoure , Nejad Abdolhossein Rezaei , Kafi Mohsen , Souri Mohammad Kazem , Shahbazi Karim
Published: April 2019

Landscape plantations are significantly water demanding in many parts of the world, particularly in dry regions. Adequate water supply is the main limiting factor behind landscape development, maintenance and beauty in such environments. On the other hand, monitoring the growth response of ornamental and landscape plants to irrigation water containing heavy metals can be useful in management and application of municipal wastewaters to these plantations instead of application in edible vegetable crops production, which is common in many urban areas. In the present study, one year old seedlings of Judas tree (Cercis siliquastrum) were irrigated for two years with water containing 0, 15 or 30 mg L–1 of lead (Pb) in absence or presence of cadmium (0 or 5 mg L–1) in a factorial design, and under greenhouse conditions. Heavy metal treatments had no significant effect on leaf SPAD value; however, plants treated with Pb15Cd0 combination had significantly higher SPAD value than Pb30Cd5 combination that showed the lowest leaf SPAD value. Increasing the lead and cadmium levels of irrigation water increased the number of chlorotic and necrotic leaves of plant than control, whereas it reduced the average leaf area and new shoot growth. The control plants or plants treated with lower level of heavy metals showed the highest leaf area and new shoot growth. Leaf photosynthesis rate was significantly reduced in all heavy metal treated plants than control plants, as the lowest amount was in Pb30Cd5 combination treatment. All heavy metal treatments showed higher leaf soluble carbohydrates and proline content than in control plants. Leaf soluble carbohydrates were highest in Pb30Cd0 and Pb30Cd5 treatments, and leaf proline was highest in Pb30Cd5 and Pb15Cd5 treatments. The results indicate that Judas tree is a relatively tolerant species to high concentrations of Pb and Cd in root medium added through the irrigation water, and long term dual application of these heavy metals can have additive harmful effects on plant growth.
Dynamic viscoelastic coagulometry of blood obtained from healthy chickens
Authors: Rodenbaugh Cassandra I. , Lyon Shane D. , Hanzlicek Andrew S. , Kanda Ian , Payton Mark E. , Rizzi Theresa E. , Holland LaRinda A. , Brandão João
Published: April 2019

OBJECTIVE

To assess feasibility of the use of a dynamic viscoelastic coagulometer on chicken blood and compare coagulation variables for fresh whole blood and sodium citrate–preserved whole blood as well as effects of 3 coagulation activators on blood from chickens.

SAMPLE

Blood samples from 30 hens.

PROCEDURES

Chickens were allowed to rest undisturbed for 1 hour. A blood sample was collected from an ulnar vein; 1.4 mL was analyzed immediately, and 1.8 mL was mixed with sodium citrate and subsequently recalcified and analyzed. A separate coagulation activator (glass beads, kaolin clay, or tissue factor) was in each of the 2 channels of the analyzer. Chickens were allowed a 1-hour rest period, and another blood sample was collected from the contralateral ulnar vein; it was processed in the same manner as for the first sample, except both channels of the analyzer contained the same coagulation activator.

RESULTS

Compared with fresh samples, citrated samples had higher values for activated clotting time and platelet function and lower clotting rates. Intra-assay coefficients of variation of coagulation profiles for citrated samples were markedly greater than the limit of 10%, whereas values for fresh samples were close to or < 10%.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Results suggested that use of a dynamic viscoelastic coagulometer on chicken blood was feasible and that analysis of fresh whole blood from healthy chickens provided results with less variability than did analysis of citrated blood. Samples preserved with sodium citrate were associated with significant relative hypocoagulability, compared with results for fresh blood.
Biomechanical comparison of four prosthetic ligament repair techniques for tarsal medial collateral ligament injury in dogs
Authors: Martin Yoanna , Johnson Matthew D. , Travers Collin J. , Colee James , McConkey Marina J. , Banks Scott A.
Published: April 2019

OBJECTIVE

To compare joint stability and ultimate strength among 4 prosthetic ligament constructs for repair of tarsal medial collateral ligament (MCL) injury in dogs.

SAMPLE

13 canine cadavers (26 hind limbs).

PROCEDURES

Each limb was stripped of all soft tissues except those associated with the tarsal joint and assigned to 1 of 4 prosthetic ligament constructs. The AN construct consisted of 3 bone anchors connected with monofilament nylon suture. The AU construct consisted of low-profile suture anchors connected with multifilament ultrahigh-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) suture. The TN and TU constructs involved the creation of 3 bone tunnels and use of nylon or UHMWPE suture, respectively. Each limb underwent biomechanical testing before and after MCL transection and before and after cyclic range-of-motion testing following completion of the assigned construct. Tarsal joint stability (extent of laxity) was assessed with the joint in each of 3 positions (75°, 135°, and 165°). After completion of biomechanical testing, each limb was tested to failure to determine the ultimate strength of the construct.

RESULTS

Relative to intact tarsal joints, joint laxity was significantly increased following completion of all 4 constructs. Construct type was not associated with the magnitude of change in joint laxity. Ultimate strength was greatest for the UHMWPE-suture constructs.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Results indicated that all 4 constructs effectively stabilized MCL-deficient tarsal joints. Implants used for the TU, TN, and AU constructs had a lower profile than those used for the AN construct, which may be clinically advantageous. In vivo studies are warranted.
Use of three-dimensional time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography at 1.5 Tesla to evaluate the intracranial arteries of 39 dogs with idiopathic epilepsy
Authors: Ishikawa Chieko , Ito Daisuke , Tanaka Natsumi , Kitagawa Masato
Published: April 2019

OBJECTIVE

To assess visualization of the intracranial arteries and internal carotid artery (ICA) on 3-D time-of-flight (TOF) magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) images obtained at 1.5 T and to investigate factors that affect the image quality of those arteries in dogs.

ANIMALS

39 dogs with idiopathic epilepsy.

PROCEDURES

Each dog underwent 3-D TOF MRA, and 5 pairs of intracranial arteries, the basilar artery, and both ICAs were evaluated. Each artery was assigned an image-quality score on a scale of 0 to 3, where 0 = poor and 3 = excellent. Multivariable regression analysis was used to assess whether age, body weight (BW), serum total cholesterol concentration, intracranial volume (ICV), and mean arterial pressure were significantly associated with the image quality of each vessel.

RESULTS

In all dogs, the image-quality score was 2 or 3 for the proximal middle cerebral arteries, basilar artery, and caudal aspect of the caudal communicating arteries. In some dogs, the rostral cerebellar arteries, rostral aspect of the caudal communicating arteries, and middle and rostral aspects of the ICA were poorly visualized. For various arteries, image quality was negatively associated with age and positively associated with BW and ICV.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Results indicated that 3-D TOF MRA images obtained at 1.5 T did not consistently and clearly delineate the ICA and narrow or peripheral intracranial arteries of dogs; therefore, careful attention is required when such images are assessed. Patient age, BW, and ICV can also affect the image quality of some intracranial arteries on 3-D TOF MRA images. (Am J Vet Res 2019;80:480–489)
Ice load assignment procedure for bows of ships with vertical sides and bulbous lines
Authors: Appolonov Evgeniy , Platonov Viktor , Tryaskin Vladimir
Published: April 2019

Bulbous bows of ice-going ships typically have vertical sides at summer loadline level, where frame angle is very small or zero. Ice loads on these vertical areas are impossible to calculate as per current RS Rules. In view of the above, this paper suggests ice load calculation procedure and techniques (developed as per the existing methodology
of RS Rules governing ice strength) for vertical sides both at bulbous bow and over the whole entrance area at design waterline level.
Design specifics of wide-blade propellers for ice-going ships and icebreakers
Authors: Khlystova Ksenija , Andryushin Aleksandr , Petrov Anatoliy
Published: April 2019

Propeller of the shallow-water icebreaker (wide blades, blade area ratio EAR = 0.87) is designed to ensure power efficiency and second step cavitation prevention at bollard pull. Modified sharp profile is applied to reduce ice loads acting on propeller and propulsion complex as well as to ensure main electric engine operability. Based on the updated CNIIMF procedure for structural design of ice-breaking propellers, this study determines global and local ice loads on propeller blades, calculates their stress-strain state and assigns the scantlings for wide-blade propeller so as to ensure fatigue and
static strength (including edges and peripheric sections).
Controlling Power Abuse in Public Policy Cycle
Authors: Hai Do Phu
Published: April 2019

Abstract: Studying the control of power abuse in the public policy cycle is newly an appropriate approach used in the policy science. It is a dynamic examine of the control of political power abuse, so this approach helps to reveal the political-social relation in the control of power abuse. The research article started with an analysis of the role of actors related in the political system working in the public policy cycle. Apparently, it clarified the mechanism of controlling power abuse over core subjects in public policy cycle such as controlling power over the Communist Party of Viet Nam with the participation of the Fatherland Front and its member organizations in public policy planning and public policy evaluation as well as the control of the state power with its key role in the formulation and implementation of public policy in Vietnam.Keywords: Political power, control of power abuse, publiy.

Keywords: Power, control of power abuse, public policy.
MORAL COMPETENCE OF INDONESIA PROFESSIONAL AUDITORS
Authors: Yanti Harti Budi , Hasnawati Hasnawati , Puspa Dwi Fitri , Astuti Christina Dwi
Published: April 2019

This study reveals the moral competence of internal auditors and public accountants in Jakarta, Indonesia. The auditor's compliance with his professional code of ethics must be based on high morality. Accountants are professions that work on the basis of public trust. Various pressures faced by auditors. All these pressures must be faced throughout the career as an auditor and require the struggle to satisfy all of these stakeholders and refrain from various temptations with various modes of bribery.The auditor must be able to control and apply his morality to face various temptations and threats in carrying out his duties. A total of 510 auditors in this matter. The results of the study show the moral of public accountants at a high moral level, while internal auditors are at a moderate level.
JSON Web Token (JWT) untuk Authentication pada Interoperabilitas Arsitektur berbasis RESTful Web Service
Authors: Gunawan Rohmat , Rahmatulloh Alam
Published: April 2019

Permasalahan donor darah merupakan masalah disetiap negara, termasuk di Indonesia. Walaupun sudah ada sistem di Palang Merah Indonesia (PMI) namun belum bisa mengatasi permasalahan pencarian maupun distribusi donor darah. Sesuai trend sekarang di jaman gadget yaitu maraknya penggunaan Android, maka untuk mengatasi masalah ini diperlukan aplikasi berbasis Android. Sementara untuk integrasi dengan sistem yang sudah ada diperlukan web service sebagai backend system sehingga layanan donor darah dapat diakses oleh berbagai platform. Arsitektur yang digunakan pada web service menggunakan REST, namun masih ada beberapa masalah pada REST yaitu mengenai keamanan pada proses otentikasi. Pada arsitektur REST diperlukan metode otentikasi yang tidak bernegara (stateless), salah satunya dapat menggunakan JSON Web Token. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa penggunaan JSON Web Token Authentication pada Web Service and Backend System Blood Donors dapat membentuk sistem yang sangat skalabel, aman, mampu berinteraksi multi-platform serta dapat diandalkan.
Characterization and Spectroscopic Study of 4- (4-Nitro Benzene Azo)-3-Amino Benzoic Acid Compound by Gaussian 09 Program: A review
Authors: Barakat A. F. Kamel  , Olfat O. Neif  , Hanan G. Shaaban  , Mohammed A. K. Alsouz
Published: April 2019

Gaussian 09 program was used to follow up the theoretical calculations of 4- (4-nitro benzene azo)-3-amino benzoic acid in a method of Hartree-Fock to calculate IR, H-NMR and C-NMR spectrum, as used method ZINDO to calculate the electronic spectrum (UV), was adopted method (TD-SCF (self consistent field) /DFT (density functional theory)/ B3LYP to calculate the energies of orbital's (HOMO and LUMO) and found that the electron density centered at the carboxylic group COO and N=N group this means that the compound is capable of working as a ligand to synthesize many complexes, bond lengths and thermodynamic functions (∆Ho, ∆Go and ∆So) were calculated and found that the values of ∆Ho and ∆Go to be negative, which refer to exothermic and spontaneous reaction.
Formulation development and in-vitro characterisation of ethosomes for the enhanced transdermal delivery of clotrimazole
Authors: Vidya Viswanad  , Anju PG  , Gopika S Kumar  , Sivapriya G Nair
Published: April 2019

The target of the study was the development and in vitro characterisation of an effective ethosomal formulation of clotrimazole and to the performance of the formulation was investigated under different preparation conditions.  The EE and from 9 formulations, the optimisation was done on the basis of its results which considering the concentration of lecithin and ethanol as the two factors and EE and in vitro release as their responses. The optimization was done on the basis of its results which considering the concentration of lecithin and ethanol as the two factors and EE and in vitro release as their responses.   F6 formulation gained a very good release of drug and highest entrapment efficiency of 93.203%. The results of permeation flux were obtained in the order of MLVs > ESUVs > SSUVs > LUVs.  This study gives an idea about the vesicles structure and the size, the technique used, the drug EE and the permeation rate. They were taking the above factors into consideration results in improving clinical effectiveness in transdermal delivery of an ethosomal formulation of clotrimazole.
Comparative studies on phytochemistry, antioxidant and antibacterial activity of direct and sequential extracts of chromolaena odorata leaves
Authors: Udaya Prakash N K  , Sriraman V  , Devika V  , Peneena V  , Sripriya N  , Bhuvaneswari S  , Sampathkumar B
Published: April 2019

Phytochemistry, antioxidant and antibacterial activities of different solvent extracts of Chromolaena odorata leaves obtained by direct and sequential extraction were compared in this study. Antibacterial evaluation of the extracts was performed through a disc diffusion method. The results revealed that the solvents, Petroleum ether and Ethyl acetate showed the presence of a majority of the phytochemicals, Chloroform extract yielded maximum TPC and TAA and ethyl acetate yielded higher TFC when compared to other solvents. Ethanol and chloroform extracts showed lower concentrations of IC50 against DPPH and NO radicals respectively. Acetone recorded the maximum zone of inhibition against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa; ethyl acetate against Bacillus subtilis and Chloroform against Streptococcus mutans. Among the solvents studied for phytochemical content and bioactivities, ethanol showed a higher level of phytochemical extraction and better bioactivities. As a direct solvent extraction of C. odorata showed better efficiency when compared with sequential extraction, the study strongly recommends the use of a direct extraction method.
Reverse phase-UPLC method of analysis for simultaneous estimation of Levosalbutamol sulphate, Guaiphenesin and Ambroxol hydrochloride in pharmaceutical cough, cold liquid dosage forms
Authors: Kiran Kumar A  , Balakrishnan M  , Chandrasekhar K B  , Kiran Jyothi R
Published: April 2019

The three most drug combinations for cough, cold are widely used worldwide now a day. The purpose of the study was to build up an innovative RP-UPLC technique for simultaneous estimation of Levosalbutamol Sulphate (LEV), Guaiphenesin (GUA) and Ambroxol Hydrochloride (AMB) in liquid dosage forms. Chromatography was carried out on UHPLC (WATERS)_SYMMETRY® C18 4.6mm x 1000mm, 3.5µm, (Agilent - Zorbax Eclipse Plus C18 – Rapid Resolution) with an isocratic mobile phase with pH 3.0 composed of buffer, methanol and Acetonitrile (60:20:20) with a flow rate of 0.8mL/min. The detection was carried out with column temperature at 25°C using a UV detector at 276nm. Validation parameters like linearity, specificity, precision, accuracy, limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantification (LOQ), system suitability, Solutions stability and robustness were considered as affirmed in the ICH guidelines. Retention times for LEV, GUA & AMB were 1.07 min, 1.99 min & 3.55 min respectively. The assay of syrups with the relative standard deviation found to be less than 2%. The parameters values were found, and the method was found to be satisfactory. This validated UHPLC method is cost-effective, receptive and precise than other chromatographic methods.
Anti-bacterial activity of three essential oils - An in vitro study
Authors: Geetha RV  , John Rozar Raj B  , Lakshmi Thangavelu
Published: April 2019

To conduct a study regarding the antibacterial activity of essential oils against bacteria causing Caries. Essential oils are distillates of the volatile compounds of a plant’s secondary metabolism and may act as photoprotective agents. Their curative effect has been known since antiquity. It is based on a variety of pharmacological properties which are specific for each plant species. The mouth contains a variety of oral bacteria, but only a few species of bacteria are believed to cause dental caries. Antibacterial activity of the three essential oils, Rosemary oil, Holy basil oil, Thyme oil was screened against Streptococcus mutans, using disc diffusion technique. The rosemary oil was more effective against Streptococcus mutans with a zone of inhibition of 52 mm diameter (at concentration 200 µl), Rosemary oil showed a zone of inhibition of 44 mm diameter and with thyme oil, the zone diameter was 30 mm. The results of this study showed that the essential oils at different concentrations exhibited antibacterial activity against the bacterial species tested.
Hypolipidaemic effect of alcoholic extracts of the plants Curcuma longa and Guatteria gaumeri
Authors: Venkatesan H  , Rohitpaul
Published: April 2019

Hyperlipidaemia is one of the commonly affecting diseases and a major risk factor for Diabetes mellitus, Obesity, Systemic Hypertension, Coronary heart disease, Stroke, etc., which alarms the essential need to maintain the blood lipid levels under normal limits. Curcuma longa.L belonging to Zingiberaceae family commonly called as ‘Indian Turmeric’ is a small perennial plant distributed in South Asia and is cultivated extensively throughout warmer parts India. It has many rhizomes on its root which are the source of Curcumin, a collection of 3-6% polyphenolic mixture of curcumin, demethoxycurcumin and bisdemethoxycurcumin. These Curcuminoids are major components responsible for various biological actions like anti-oxidant, anti-cancerous, anti-septic, anti-coagulant, anti-edematic, anti-hepatotoxic, anti-hypercholesterolemic, anti-inflammatory, etc., The alcoholic extracts of Curcuma longa & Guatteria gaumeri were compared for their Hypolipidaemic effects by means of a Randomized Control Trial on Hyperlipidaemia patients which was executed with a Placebo control group for higher significance. Pre & Post Treatment Blood Lipid Profile results were analysed statistically. By the end of the study both the extracts showed good Cholesterol Lowering effect. Guatteria gaumeri (Mean lowering modulation - 45.9 mgs%) has proved to be much effective than Curcuma longa (Mean lowering modulation - 23.1 mgs%).